bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fixed‐ratio combination of basal insulin and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists in the treatment of Japanese people with type 2 diabetes: An innovative solution to a complex therapeutic challenge
Authors: Kaneto Hideaki , Koshida Ryusuke , Baxter Mike 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOver 10 million people in Japan have known or suspected type 2 diabetes (T2D), and this number is expected to rise. Although many people require therapy escalation because of the progressive nature of T2D, this appears to be suboptimal in Japanese real‐world clinical practice. Insulin therapy tends to be introduced only when glycaemic control is very poor (mean glycated haemoglobin >9%). Although basal insulin therapy is effective in reducing fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial plasma glucose often remains uncontrolled. Basal‐bolus insulin regimens are complex and carry the risk of weight gain and hypoglycaemia. Recently, fixed‐ratio combinations (FRCs) of BI and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) have shown efficacy in reducing both FPG and postprandial plasma glucose with a single injection and without increased risk of hypoglycaemia or weight gain. IDegLira, a titratable FRC of insulin degludec (100 U/mL) and liraglutide, is currently available in Japan and the United States/European Union at a ratio of 1 U (unit):0.036 mg. iGlarLixi (insulin glargine 100 U/mL and lixisenatide at a ratio of 1:1 (20 U/20 μg) has recently been approved in Japan. Phase 3 trials in Japan for IDegLira (DUAL Japan) and iGlarLixi (LixiLan JP) have shown that both FRCs are efficacious. This review provides an overview of IDegLira and iGlarLixi (Japanese formulation) and considers their potential use as new therapeutic options to address the clinical need for early glycaemic control in Japanese people with T2D.
Designing for Better Care and Better Health
Authors: Ma Pauline , Bringas Deydra 
Published: May 2020

Serendipitously, the very nature and construct of the way Johnson & Johnson's Credo is written aligns with design thinking—and it has influenced how Quinteros has transformed the development of his design team and their path forward within the company.More than 70 years after it was crafted, Johnson & Johnson's timeless vision inspired its Chief Design Officer to assemble and guide the company's design team.
Mobile mural thrombus and spontaneous echo contrast in ascending aorta after postoperative adjuvant cisplatin‐based chemotherapy
Authors: Aoyama Yutaka , Harada Kenji , Yokoyama Yasuhiro , Ishiyama Yusuke , Komori Takahiro , Shimpo Masahisa , Kario Kazuomi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA 70‐year‐old asymptomatic male who had undergone a right nephrectomy for renal pelvic cancer was referred to us with a thrombus in the ascending aorta detected by contrast‐enhanced computed tomography after chemotherapy with gemcitabine/cisplatin. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed a 4‐cm mobile mural thrombus in the ascending aorta. An emergency thoracotomy for planned aortic root replacement was performed, but the intraoperative epi‐aortic ultrasound indicated that the thrombus had disappeared, and it showed prominent spontaneous‐echo contrast (SEC) in the ascending aorta. We speculate that vascular endothelium damage due to the cisplatin‐based chemotherapy induced the thrombus and SEC in the ascending aorta.
The distinct responses of bacteria and fungi in different‐sized soil aggregates under different management practices
Authors: Navas Mariela , Martín‐Lammerding Diana , Hontoria Chiquinquirá , Ulcuango Kelly , Mariscal‐Sancho Ignacio 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSoil aggregates can be considered massive microbial incubators. Thus, the study of the bacteria and fungi colonizing different soil aggregate fractions helps to elucidate the factors influencing the associations between microhabitats in soil aggregates and microbial functioning. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the total bacterial and total fungal abundances and soil quality‐related parameters of four aggregate size fractions (>2 mm, 2–0.25 mm, 0.25–0.053 mm and <0.053 mm) at two depths (0–5 cm and 7–12 cm) under three different management regimes (no cultivation, direct seeding [DS] and traditional tillage [TT]). We analysed the pH, electrical conductivity and organic carbon (OC) and nitrogen (N) concentrations in both bulk soil samples and aggregate fractions. For DNA extracted from each aggregate fraction,we performed qPCR analysis of 16S rRNA (an estimate of bacterial abundance) and internal transcribed spacer (an estimate of fungal abundance). The TT decreased the proportion of macroaggregates (>2 mm), which constituted only 16.7% (with 0.17 OC/100 g soil) under this treatment at 0–5‐cm depth, compared with 50.7% (with 1.34 g OC/100 g soil) in uncultivated soil. The abundances of bacteria and fungi exhibited contrasting responses to soil management across aggregate fractions, which differed by depth. The abundance of bacteria, but not fungi, was closely related to OC and N concentrations, with higher values in macroaggregates than in microaggregates for TT and DS at 0–5 cm depth. Uncultivated soil showed no OC differences across aggregate fractions and the bacteria were distributed uniformly among them. Fungal abundance was higher in microaggregates, mainly in DS, concurrent with lower bacterial abundance. Therefore, bacteria and fungi responded differently to changes in properties at the aggregate scale induced by soil management within the soil surface horizon.Highlights
Management practices affect aggregate size distribution and their bacterial and fungal abundances
Tillage reduced the OC stored in macroaggregates >2 mm by 87% compared to uncultivated soil
Bacterial abundance was positively correlated with the C and N concentrations inside aggregates
Fungal abundance showed an important negative correlation with the bacterial abundance
High water use in desert plants exposed to extreme heat
Authors: Aparecido Luiza M. T. , Woo Sabrina , Suazo Crystal , Hultine Kevin R. , Blonder Benjamin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMany plant water use models predict leaves maximize carbon assimilation while minimizing water loss via transpiration. Alternate scenarios may occur at high temperature, including heat avoidance, where leaves increase water loss to evaporatively cool regardless of carbon uptake; or heat failure, where leaves non‐adaptively lose water also regardless of carbon uptake. We hypothesized that these alternative scenarios are common in species exposed to hot environments, with heat avoidance more common in species with high construction cost leaves. Diurnal measurements of leaf temperature and gas exchange for 11 Sonoran Desert species revealed that 37% of these species increased transpiration in the absence of increased carbon uptake. High leaf mass per area partially predicted this behaviour (r2 = 0.39). These data are consistent with heat avoidance and heat failure, but failure is less likely given the ecological dominance of the focal species. These behaviours are not yet captured in any extant plant water use model.
ogs5py: A Python‐API for the OpenGeoSys 5 Scientific Modeling Package
Authors: Müller Sebastian , Zech Alraune , Heße Falk 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHigh‐performance numerical codes are an indispensable tool for hydrogeologists when modeling subsurface flow and transport systems. But as they are written in compiled languages, like C/C++ or Fortran, established software packages are rarely user‐friendly, limiting a wider adoption of such tools. OpenGeoSys (OGS), an open‐source, finite‐element solver for thermo‐hydro‐mechanical–chemical processes in porous and fractured media, is no exception. Graphical user interfaces may increase usability, but do so at a dramatic reduction of flexibility and are difficult or impossible to integrate into a larger workflow. Python offers an optimal trade‐off between these goals by providing a highly flexible, yet comparatively user‐friendly environment for software applications. Hence, we introduce ogs5py, a Python‐API for the OpenGeoSys 5 scientific modeling package. It provides a fully Python‐based representation of an OGS project, a large array of convenience functions for users to interact with OGS and connects OGS to the scientific and computational environment of Python.
Molecular and clinicopathological features of colorectal adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation
Authors: Yamashiro Yuya , Saito Tsuyoshi , Hayashi Takuo , Murakami Takashi , Yanai Yuka , Tsuyama Sho , Suehara Yoshiyuki , Takamochi Kazuya , Yao Takashi 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundColorectal adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (CAED) is a rare subtype of colorectal malignancy with expression of enteroblastic markers (glypican 3, SALL4, AFP); however, the clinicopathological and epidemiological features are not fully elucidated.AimsThe aims of this study were to elucidate and establish the molecular and clinicopathological characteristics of CAED.Materials and MethodsIn addition to three cases recently diagnosed as CAED, colorectal carcinoma (CRC) with expression of enteroblastic markers were selected by using immunohistochemistry (IHC) on tissue microarrays of 988 advanced CRC. We employed next‐generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing for the detection of genetic alterations. IHC for p53 and HER2, HER2‐FISH and MSI status was also investigated. Survival analyses for clinicopathological parameters were performed using Kaplan–Meier methods.ResultsThirty‐nine cases (4.0%) were positive for at least one enteroblastic marker. Histological evaluation of the total of 42 cases revealed that 10 contained tumour cells with clear cytoplasm. Enteroblastic marker‐positive cases had aggressive behaviour and poor prognosis. NGS revealed TP53 as the most frequently mutated gene. The rate of HER2‐positive cases and MSI‐H cases was 9.5% (four of 42) and 12.2% (five of 41), respectively. Among these 42 cases, there were no molecular and clinicopathological differences according to the presence of tumour cells with clear cytoplasm.ConclusionsEnteroblastic marker‐positive CRC could be grouped together as CAED regardless of clear cell cytoplasm. Using this definition, the frequency of CAED is 4.0% and has a poorer prognosis than that for conventional CRCs. HER2 targeted therapy would be a meaningful treatment for CAED, and CAEDs contain both MSI‐H and MSI‐stable CRCs, although the MSS phenotype is dominant.
Effect of high‐energy ball milling on the microstructure and properties of ultrafine gradient cemented carbides
Authors: Zhou Xiangkui , Wang Renru , Li Chensi , Wang Xiaobin , Wang Kai , Wang Qiang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPlanetary low‐temperature high‐energy ball mill was used for preparing the mixed powders with different particle sizes by adjusting the milling time. The ultrafine grain gradient cemented carbides were prepared by sinter‐HIP treatment. The effects of milling time on the gradient formation, grain growth, and mechanical properties of ultrafine grain gradient cemented carbides were investigated. The results show that the high‐energy ball milling cannot effectively reduce the particle size of mixed powder with short milling time. In addition, the particle size of the mixed powder is significantly reduced, while the specific surface area is significantly increased when the ball milling time exceeds 25 hours. The gradient layer thickness and the grain size increase at the beginning and then decrease when the mixed powder particle size was decreased. Simultaneously, the density, hardness, and fracture toughness of the alloy increase gradually. On the contrary, the number of WC with abnormal grain growth is significantly increased. The thickness of the gradient layer reached 32 μm, and the mean WC grain size is 314 nm. Based on the analyzed results, an optimized gradient layer thickness, grain size, density, and hardness can be obtained when the ball milling time is 35 hours.
High prevalence of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis in a Mexican population caused by a new mutation in the TGM1 gene: epidemiological evidence of a founder effect
Authors: González‐Del Carmen Manuel , Montaño Sarita , Reyes‐Hernández Octavio D. , Vizcaíno‐Dorado Pablo A. , Leyva‐García Norberto , Morales‐Morfín Juan C. , Diaz‐Beltran Wendy , Quinto‐Santiago Edna , Cariño‐Calvo Lizbeth , Magaña Jonathan J. , Leyva‐Gómez Gerardo , Cortés Hernán 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAutosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses (ARCI) are inherited disorders produced by mutations in essential genes for the skin function. A low prevalence of this disease has been resported worldwide; however, in a recent study, we identified a large cluster of ARCI families who resided in the High Mountains Region from the Veracruz State, Mexico. Thus, we aimed to identify the causative mutation of ARCI and describe the high prevalence of this disease in this region.MethodsWe selected seven familiar trios and performed whole‐exome sequencing to identify the mutation associated with ARCI. To validate the identified mutation, we performed Sanger sequencing in 62 patients, 30 unaffected relatives, and 100 healthy volunteers. Finally, we performed molecular modeling to investigate the possible functional consequences produced by the mutation.ResultsWe identified a novel homozygous mutation (c.1054C>G [p.Pro352Ala]) in the exon 7 of the TGM1 gene in all the patients. We calculated a prevalence rate of ARCI of 74:100,000 (1:1,348) in the studied communities. Molecular modeling revealed that the mutation leads to a nonconservative amino acid substitution, which is very probably damaging to the protein structure/function.ConclusionsWe report a novel mutation in the TGM1 gene in 62 Mexican patients. The unusually high frequency of this mutation suggests a founder effect; however, further haplotype analysis is necessary to corroborate this hypothesis. In this respect, to our knowledge, the prevalence of ARCI found in the studied communities is the highest observed worldwide.
Social support, role clarity and job satisfaction: a successful combination for nurses
Authors: Orgambídez Alejandro , Almeida Helena 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimTo analyse the moderating effect of role clarity on the relationship between social support (supervisor and colleagues) and job satisfaction.BackgroundThe social support of supervisors and co‐workers and the clarity of roles are important antecedents of job satisfaction. According to the Conservation of Resources theory, the interaction of the instrumental nature of role clarity and social support would result in higher levels of job satisfaction in nursing.MethodsThrough a convenience sample, a final sample of 191 participants (64.92% registered nurses, 35.08% nursing assistants) was obtained from a private hospital complex in Portugal. Hierarchical linear regression models were carried out to check the moderating function of role clarity.ResultsRegression models showed the moderating effect of role clarity. Nursing staff with high social support from their supervisors and peers showed higher scores in job satisfaction when role clarity was high.ConclusionAn adequate description of roles, through clear and detailed information regarding expected functions, responsibilities and behaviour, allows the effect of social support from supervisors and co‐workers on job satisfaction to be stronger.Implications for nursing practiceStrategies such as defining responsibilities, setting clear expectations and role analysis allow a reduction in sources of uncertainty in jobs. Training in communication and feedback skills would improve the social support given by supervisors and colleagues.Implications for nursing policyHospital boards and nurse managers should be aware of the importance of clarifying roles, responsibilities, and functions of each professional category and hierarchical level for the provision of adequate quality of care.
Lurking in plain sight: Hypertension awareness and treatment among New York City taxi/for‐hire vehicle drivers
Authors: Narang Bharat , Mirpuri Sheena , Kim Soo Young , Jutagir Devika R. , Gany Francesca 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of death in the United States. Taxi and for‐hire vehicle (FHV) drivers, a largely male, immigrant and medically underserved population, are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease, in part due to the nature of their work. This study examined demographic and lifestyle predictors of hypertension diagnosis awareness, objectively measured blood pressure (hypertensive‐range vs non‐hypertensive‐range readings), medication use, and hypertension control. A cross‐sectional assessment was conducted with 983 male taxi/FHV drivers who attended health fairs in New York City from 2010 to 2017. Twenty‐three percent self‐reported a hypertension history and 46% had hypertensive‐range BP readings. Approximately, half the drivers lacked health insurance (47%) and a usual care source (46%). Thirty percent did not self‐report hypertension and had hypertensive‐range BP readings. Medication use was reported by 69% of hypertension‐aware drivers, and being older and having health care access (insurance, a usual care source, and seeing a doctor in the past year) was significantly associated with medication use. Hypertension‐unaware drivers with hypertensive‐range BP readings were less likely to have a usual care source. Over 60% of drivers who were hypertension‐aware and on medication had hypertensive‐range readings. There is a need for community‐based and workplace driver and provider interventions to address BP awareness and management and to provide health care navigation for vulnerable populations such as taxi/FHV vehicle drivers.
SP1‐induced SNHG14 aggravates hypertrophic response in in vitro model of cardiac hypertrophy via up‐regulation of PCDH17
Authors: Long Yadong , Wang Lin , Li Zhiqiang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCardiac hypertrophy (CH) is a common cardiac disease and is closely associated with heart failure. Protocadherin 17 (PCDH17) was reported to aggravate myocardial infarction. Present study was designed to illustrate the impact of PCDH17 and the mechanism of PCDH17 expression regulation in CH. CH model in vivo and in vitro was established by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and Ang‐II treatment. Hypertrophy was evaluated in PMC and H9c2 cells by examining cell surface area and hypertrophic markers. Results demonstrated that PCDH17 was up‐regulated in CH in vivo and in vitro. PCDH17 knock‐down alleviated hypertrophic response in Ang‐II‐induced cardiomyocytes. By means of ENCORI database and a series of mechanism assays, miR‐322‐5p and miR‐384‐5p were identified to interact with and inhibit PCDH17. Next, lncRNA SNHG14 (small nucleolar RNA host gene 14) was validated to sponge both miR‐322‐5p and miR‐384‐5p to elevate PCDH17 level. The subsequent rescue assays revealed that miR‐322‐5p and miR‐384‐5p restored SNHG14 depletion‐mediated suppression on hypertrophy in Ang‐II‐induced cardiomyocytes. Besides, Sp1 transcription factor (SP1) was verified as the transcription factor activating both SNHG14 and PCDH17. Both SNHG14 and PCDH17 reversed SP1 knock‐down‐mediated repression on hypertrophy in Ang‐II‐induced cardiomyocytes. Together, present study first uncovered ceRNA network of SNHG14/miR‐322‐5p/miR‐384‐5p/PCDH17 in Ang‐II‐induced cardiomyocytes.
A Tale of (almost) 1001 Coefficients: The Deep and Heterogeneous Effects of the EU‐Turkey Customs Union
Authors: Larch Mario , Schmeißer Aiko F. , Wanner Joschka 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn view of the deferred start of negotiations for the modernization of the customs union between the EU and Turkey (CU‐EUT), we looked back and analysed the ex post trade consequences of the CU‐EUT. Employing up‐to‐date econometric best practices for regional integration agreements, we quantified both the total and the heterogeneous trade effects of the CU‐EUT. In contrast with most previous studies, our results indicate that the CU‐EUT made a significantly positive, large and robust impact, implying there was an additional increase in EU‐Turkey trade in manufacturing by 55–65 per cent compared with that during the previously active Ankara Agreement. We also provide evidence that the CU‐EUT significantly increased Turkey's trade with non‐member countries of the CU‐EUT. Additionally, a substantial heterogeneity in the CU‐EUT effect was found across different industries as well as for each of its member countries and the direction of trade. We linked the heterogeneity of up to 911 coefficient estimates to the differences in initial trade costs and show that it cannot be ascribed to reductions in bilateral tariff rates.
Collagen supplementation for skin health: A mechanistic systematic review
Authors: Barati Meisam , Jabbari Masoumeh , Navekar Roya , Farahmand Fariba , Zeinalian Reihaneh , Salehi‐Sahlabadi Ammar , Abbaszadeh Nasrin , Mokari‐Yamchi Amin , Davoodi Sayed Hossein 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundOver the last decade, many researchers tried to evaluate the effects of collagen supplements on skin aging and surprisingly revealed that the interventions improved skin aging parameters without any inconsistency.AimThis systematic review assesses the literature regarding the effects of collagen supplements on skin health parameters in healthy and patient subjects, focusing on mechanisms of action.MethodsAt the first step of search in the databases, 9057 items were obtained. After removal of duplicate items, 6531 publications remained. Further screening by title and/or abstract resulted in removal of 6500 items. Finally, full texts of the 31 remained items were assessed for eligibility and 10 publications were included in this review.ResultsThe evidences obtained from these systematic reviews indicated that oral administration of intact or hydrolyzed collagen improves clinical manifestation of skin health. Almost all of the included studies reported the beneficial effects of collagen supplementation, and no inconsistencies have been seen in this regard between studies.ConclusionsIn this systematic review, three different mechanisms of action were clarified for the intervention. Direct effects of collagen peptides on fibroblasts, M2‐like macrophages, and oral tolerance‐related mechanisms are the possible mechanisms for the beneficial effects of collagen supplementation.
The Causal Effect of Limits to Arbitrage on Asset Pricing Anomalies
Authors: CHU YONGQIANG , HIRSHLEIFER DAVID , MA LIANG 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTWe examine the causal effect of limits to arbitrage on 11 well‐known asset pricing anomalies using the pilot program of Regulation SHO, which relaxed short‐sale constraints for a quasi‐random set of pilot stocks, as a natural experiment. We find that the anomalies became weaker on portfolios constructed with pilot stocks during the pilot period. The pilot program reduced the combined anomaly long–short portfolio returns by 72 basis points per month, a difference that survives risk adjustment with standard factor models. The effect comes only from the short legs of the anomaly portfolios.