bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of carrot yield forecasting using proximal hyperspectral and satellite multispectral data
Authors: Suarez Luz Angelica , Robson Andrew , McPhee John , O’Halloran Julie , van Sprang Celia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractProximal and remote sensors have proved their effectiveness for the estimation of several biophysical and biochemical variables, including yield, in many different crops. Evaluation of their accuracy in vegetable crops is limited. This study explored the accuracy of proximal hyperspectral and satellite multispectral sensors (Sentinel-2 and WorldView-3) for the prediction of carrot root yield across three growing regions featuring different cropping configurations, seasons and soil conditions. Above ground biomass (AGB), canopy reflectance measurements and corresponding yield measures were collected from 414 sample sites in 24 fields in Western Australia (WA), Queensland (Qld) and Tasmania (Tas), Australia. The optimal sensor (hyperspectral or multispectral) was identified by the highest overall coefficient of determination between yield and different vegetation indices (VIs) whilst linear and non-linear models were tested to determine the best VIs and the impact of the spatial resolution. The optimal regression fit per region was used to extrapolate the point source measurements to all pixels in each sampled crop to produce a forecasted yield map and estimate average carrot root yield (t/ha) at the crop level. The latter were compared to commercial carrot root yield (t/ha) obtained from the growers to determine the accuracy of prediction. The measured yield varied from 17 to 113 t/ha across all crops, with forecasts of average yield achieving overall accuracies (% error) of 9.2% in WA, 10.2% in Qld and 12.7% in Tas. VIs derived from hyperspectral sensors produced poorer yield correlation coefficients (R2 < 0.1) than similar measures from the multispectral sensors (R2 < 0.57, p < 0.05). Increasing the spatial resolution from 10 to 1.2 m improved the regression performance by 69%. It is impossible to non-destructively estimate the pre-harvest spatial yield variability of root vegetables such as carrots. Hence, this method of yield forecasting offers great benefit for managing harvest logistics and forward selling decisions.
The Relationship between Basic Hope and Depression: Forgiveness as a Mediator
Authors: Kaleta Kinga , Mróz Justyna 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAlthough hope and forgiveness have been both negatively correlated with depression, actual relationships between all three variables have never been investigated. The aim of the study was to examine a theoretical model in which forgiveness mediates the relationship between basic hope and depressive symptoms. The sample was composed of 77 psychotherapy outpatients. Polish adaptations of the Basic Hope Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Heartland Forgiveness Scale were used. Negative and positive aspects of dispositional forgiveness of self, others, and situations beyond anyone’s control were applied. Results indicated that the general level of forgiveness, as well as overcoming unforgiveness, fully mediated the relationship between basic hope and depression symptoms, while positive dimension of forgiveness partially mediated the links between the variables. The findings demonstrate that the tendency to forgive might be a mechanism via which basic hope reduces odds of depression.
Assessing the effect of multidimensional family therapy in adolescents on police arrests against a background of falling crime rates. A randomised controlled trial with 7-year follow-up
Authors: van der Pol Thimo M. , Cohn Moran D. , van Domburgh Lieke , Rigter Henk , Vermeiren Robert R. J. M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Earlier, we reported that multidimensional family therapy (MDFT) and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) decreased criminal offending in adolescents as measured with self-report in a randomised controlled trial with 1-year follow-up. The present study tested if this effect could be confirmed using police arrest data.

Methods
Study participants were 109 adolescents who were recruited for the Dutch part of a transnational treatment trial. National police arrest records were analysed for 3 years before the adolescents entered treatment with MDFT or CBT and for 7 years after treatment entry.

Results
Police arrest rates rose in the 3 years preceding treatment and then dropped in both treatment groups to almost zero level during the follow-up period.

Conclusions
The results suggest that MDFT and CBT both strongly and durably decreased police arrest rates. However, this conclusion remains uncertain as crime rates concurrently decreased in the general population.

Trial registration
ISRCTN51014277
Ozone Treatment Induces Changes in Antioxidative Defense System in Blueberry Fruit During Storage
Authors: Piechowiak Tomasz , Skóra Bartosz , Balawejder Maciej 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe major aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ozonation process on the level of oxidative stress markers in blueberry fruit during cold storage (4 °C). Blueberry (Vaccinum corymbosum L.) fruit was ozonated with an ozone concentration of 15 ppm for 30 min, every 12 h for 28 days of storage at 4 °C. The results indicated that ozone treatment activated a defense mechanism against oxidative stress in blueberry fruit. Ozonated fruit was characterized by higher activity of antioxidant enzymes i.e. superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase than non-ozonated fruit, over the first 21 days of storage. In turn, the level of superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide in ozonated fruit was significantly lower compared with the untreated material. However, after 21 days of storage, ozone treatment contributed to the oxidative modification of protein which could be a reason of decreasing enzymes activity, involved in cell protection against oxidative stress.
Feasibility, safety, and outcomes of a stratified fast-track care trajectory in pituitary surgery
Authors: Lobatto Daniel J. , Vliet Vlieland Thea P. M. , van den Hout Wilbert B. , de Vries Friso , de Vries Anne F. , Schutte Pieter J. , Verstegen Marco J. T. , Pereira Alberto M. , Peul Wilco C. , Biermasz Nienke R. , van Furth Wouter R. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective
Discharge policies concerning hospitalization after endoscopic pituitary tumor surgery are highly variable. A few studies support fast-track discharge; however, this is not commonplace. Our goal was to report the transition to and evaluate the feasibility, safety, clinical- and patient-reported outcomes and costs of fast-track care in pituitary surgery.

Methods
This observational study included 155 patients undergoing pituitary surgery between December 2016 and December 2018. Fast-track care consisted of planned discharge 2–3 days after surgery, followed by daily surveillance by a case manager. All outcomes were compared with patients not eligible for fast-track discharge. The total group (fast-track and non-fast-track) was compared with historic controls (N = 307).

Results
A total of 79/155 patients (51%) were considered eligible for fast-track discharge, of whom 69 (87%) were discharged within 3 days. The total group was discharged more often within 3 days compared with historic controls (49 vs. 20%, p < 0.001), the total length of stay did not differ (5.3 vs. 5.7 days, p = 0.363). Although the total group had more readmissions compared with historic controls (17 vs. 10%, p = 0.002), no life-threatening complications occurred after discharge. On average, clinical- and patient-reported outcomes improved over time, both in the fast-track and non-fast-track groups. The mean overall costs within 30 days after surgery did not differ between the total group € 9992 (SD € 4562) and historic controls € 9818 (SD € 3488) (p = 0.649).

Conclusion
A stratified fast-track care trajectory with enhanced postoperative outpatient surveillance after pituitary tumor surgery is safe and feasible. As expected, costs of the fast-track were lower than the non-fast-track group, however we could not prove overall cost-effectiveness compared with the historic controls.
Assessing marine spatial planning governmentality
Authors: Flannery Wesley , McAteer Ben 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMarine spatial planning (MSP) is advanced by its champions as an impartial and rational process that can address complex management issues. We argue that MSP is not innately rational and that it problematises marine issues in specific ways, often reflecting hegemonic agendas. The illusion of impartial rationality in MSP is derived from governmentalities that appear progressive but serve elite interests. By understanding the creation of governmentalities, we can design more equitable planning processes. We conceptualise governmentalities as consisting of problematisations, rationalities and governance technologies, and assess England’s first marine plans to understand how specific governmentalities de-radicalise MSP. We find that progressive framings of MSP outcomes, such as enhanced well-being, are deployed by the government to garner early support for MSP. These elements, however, become regressively problematised in later planning phases, where they are framed by the government as being difficult to achieve and are pushed into future iterations of the process. Eviscerating progressive elements from the planning process clears the way for the government to focus on implementing a neoliberal form of MSP. Efforts to foster radical MSP must pay attention to the emergence of governmentalities, how they travel through time/space and be cognisant of where difference can be inserted into planning processes. Achieving progressive MSP will require the creation of a political frontier early in the process, which cannot be passed until pathways for progressive socio-environmental outcomes have been established; advocacy for disenfranchised groups; broadening MSP evaluations to account for unintended impacts; and the monitoring of progressive objectives.
Current Status of Indications, Timing, Management, Complications, and Outcomes of Tracheostomy in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients
Authors: Quiñones-Ossa Gabriel A. , Durango-Espinosa Y. A. , Padilla-Zambrano H. , Ruiz Jenny , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael , Galwankar S. , Gerber J. , Hollandx R. , Ghosh Amrita , Pal R. , Agrawal Amit 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Tracheostomy is the commonest bedside surgical procedure performed on patients needing mechanical ventilation with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The researchers made an effort to organize a narrative review of the indications, timing, management, complications, and outcomes of tracheostomy in relation to neuronal and brain-injured patients following TBI. The study observations were collated from the published literature, namely original articles, book chapters, case series, randomized studies, systematic reviews, and review articles. Information sorting was restricted to tracheostomy and its association with TBI. Care was taken to review the correlation of tracheostomy with clinical correlates including indications, scheduling, interventions, prognosis, and complications of the patients suffering from mild, moderate and severe TBIs using Glasgow Coma Scale, Glasgow Outcome Scale, intraclass correlation coefficient, and other internationally acclaimed outcome scales. Tracheostomy is needed to overcome airway obstruction, prolonged respiratory failure and as indispensable component of mechanical ventilation due to diverse reasons in intensive care unit. Researchers are divided over early tracheostomy or late tracheostomy from days to weeks. The conventional classic surgical technique of tracheostomy has been superseded by percutaneous techniques by being less invasive with lesser complications, classified into early and late complications that may be life threatening. Additional studies have to be conducted to validate and streamline varied observations to frame evidence-based practice for successful weaning and decannulation. Tracheostomy is a safer option in critically ill TBI patients for which a universally accepted protocol for tracheostomy is needed that can help to optimize indications and outcomes.
Laser adaptive holographic hydroacoustic intensimeter
Authors: Romashko R.V. , Kulchin Yu.N. , Dzyuba V.P. , Storozhenko D.V. , Bezruk M.N. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A new type of a vector hydrophone, a laser adaptive hydroacoustic intensimeter, is investigated. Two identical, spatially separated coil-type sensors are used as a primary receiver of the acoustic signal. The signals received at the sensor output are phase demodulated in a two-channel adaptive holographic interferometer based on two dynamic holograms multiplexed in a CdTe photorefractive crystal. Using a laser intensimeter, the acoustic field formed in a limited volume is studied. The performance characteristics of the intensimeter are determined experimentally; its threshold sensitivity, according to the acoustic field intensity, constitutes 0.1 × 10−13 W m−2.
Distributed fibre-optic temperature sensor for cryogenic applications based on detection of boson components of Raman light scattering
Authors: Gorshkov B.G. , Gorshkov G.B. , Zhukov K.M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The possibility of designing a distributed fibre-optic sensor, allowing one to measure cryogenic temperatures (to liquid nitrogen boiling point), is experimentally demonstrated. The principle of operation of the sensor is based on measuring the intensity of boson peaks of Raman scattering in a fibre material, which are spaced by 1 to 3 THz from the probe frequency. The measurements are performed using a single-mode telecommunication fibre with a 15-μm-thick polyimide coating. The probe wavelength is 1.55 μm, the sensor spatial resolution is 4 m, and the averaging time is 60 s. Experiments are carried out in the temperature range of 75.6 – 79.6 K, with a temperature resolution of 0.5 K.
Matrix-transmitted paratensile signaling enables myofibroblast
–
fibroblast cross talk in fibrosis expansion
Authors: Liu Longwei , Yu Hongsheng , Zhao Hui , Wu Zhaozhao , Long Yi , Zhang Jingbo , Yan Xiaojun , You Zhifeng , Zhou Lyu , Xia Tie , Shi Yan , Xiao Bailong , Wang Yingxiao , Huang Chenyu , Du Yanan 
Published: May 2020

Significance
In the context of myofibroblast–fibroblast interaction during fibrosis expansion, the mechanistic insights of intercellular mechanical communication have been poorly evidenced. We systematically investigated the myofibroblast–fibroblast cross talk via the fibrous matrix, which we termed “paratensile signaling” in the context of fibrosis expansion. We experimentally investigated and mathematically modeled the spatiotemporal features of paratensile signaling and revealed the related molecular mechanisms. We showed that paratensile signaling contributes to fibrosis progression and blocking it might potentially attenuate fibrosis expansion. Our comprehensive investigation of paratensile signaling in fibrosis expansion will broaden the understanding of the cellular dynamics during fibrogenesis and inspire paratensile-targeting antifibrotic intervention strategies.
The Stability of Influenza Vaccination Behavior Over Time: A Longitudinal Analysis of Individuals Across 8 Years
Authors: Walsh Matthew M , Parker Andrew M , Vardavas Raffaele , Nowak Sarah A , Kennedy David P , Gidengil Courtney A 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundSeasonal influenza vaccination is an important behavior with significant individual and public health consequences, yet fewer than half of individuals in the USA are vaccinated annually. To promote vaccination adherence, it is important to understand the factors that affect vaccination behavior.PurposeIn this research, we focused on one such factor, an individual’s vaccination history. We gathered longitudinal data to track and understand the relationship between an individual’s vaccination history and their current behaviors.MethodsU.S. adults completed multiple surveys over an 8 year period, which asked about whether they had received the influenza vaccination during the previous flu season. We analyzed the data to determine the strength of the relationship between vaccination decisions across single-year and multiyear intervals. Additionally, we fitted two mathematical models to the data to determine whether individuals were better characterized as having a stable propensity to vaccinate or a stable propensity to repeat their previous decisions.ResultsIndividuals exhibited highly consistent behavior across adjacent years, yet, across the complete extent of the longitudinal study, they were far more likely to repeat the earlier decision to vaccinate. Surprisingly, the results of the mathematical model suggest that individuals are better characterized as having a stable propensity to repeat their previous decisions rather than a stable propensity to vaccinate per se. Although most individuals had an extremely strong tendency to repeat the previous decision, some had a far weaker propensity to do so.ConclusionsThis suggests that interventions intended to increase vaccination uptake might be most impactful for those individuals with only a weak tendency to vaccinate or not to vaccinate.
Analysing non-coaxial folding effects in the Small Circle Intersection method
Authors: Calvín P , Pueyo E L , Ramón M J , Casas-Sainz A M , Villalaín J J 
Published: May 2020

SUMMARY
The Small Circle (SC) tools analyse the stereographic tracks (small circles) followed by the palaeomagnetic vectors during folding processes. Working with interfolding and synfolding remagnetizations, the Small Circle Intersection (SCI) method allows finding the best solution of grouping that should correspond with the remagnetization direction. Once this is known, it is possible to determine the magnetization age as well as the degree of bed tilting at this moment. The SC tools are based on some assumptions, among which the coaxiality between the different deformation events is the one addressed in this work (i.e. absence of vertical axis rotations, VARs, or differential horizontal axis rotations, dHARs). This assumption is based on the necessity of knowing the rotation axis for folding after the acquisition of the remagnetization, and SC tools consider the bedding strike as this axis, something that is only accomplished under coaxial folding. In order to explore how non-coaxiality affects the solutions derived from the SC methods, we first (i) identify the variables that control these errors through simple models that only consider two theoretical palaeomagnetic sites, after that it is possible (ii) to derive the mathematical relationships between them. Finally, we (iii) simulate errors derived from the use of SC tools using a population of 30 palaeomagnetic sites recreating different possible scenarios with VARs and dHARs in nature.
The Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Chronic Neuropathic Pain in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Young Jamie , Zoghi Maryam , Khan Fary , Galea Mary P 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objective
Chronic neuropathic pain is a common symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS). This randomized controlled single-blinded study investigated whether a new protocol involving five days of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with an interval period would be effective to reduce pain using the visual analog scale (VAS). Other secondary outcomes included the Neuropathic Pain Scale (NPS), Depression Anxiety Stress Score (DASS), Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SFMPQ), and Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life 54 (MSQOL54).

Design
A total of 30 participants were recruited for the study, with 15 participants randomized to a sham group or and 15 randomized to an active group. After a five-day course of a-tDCS, VAS and NPS scores were measured daily and then weekly after treatment up to four weeks after treatment. Secondary outcomes were measured pretreatment and then weekly up to four weeks.

Results
After a five-day course of a-tDCS, VAS scores were significantly reduced compared with sham tDCS and remained significantly low up to week 2 post-treatment. There were no statistically significant mean changes in MSQOL54, SFMPQ, NPS, or DASS for the sham or treatment group before treatment or at four-week follow-up.

Conclusions
This study shows that repeated stimulation with a-tDCS for five days can reduce pain intensity for a prolonged period in patients with MS who have chronic neuropathic pain.
Study of Long-Term Follow-up of Exercise Levels Following Participation in a Prehabilitation Program in Esophagogastric Cancer
Authors: Doganay Emre , Wynter-Blyth Venetia , Halliday Laura , MacKinnon Tom , Osborn Hayley , Moorthy Krishna 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Sedentary behavior is emerging as an important field of scientific enquiry for cancer survivorship. The posttreatment period is associated with prolonged recovery, deterioration in quality of life, disability, poor mental health, and reduced productivity. Exercise in cancer survivors has been linked with reduced fatigue, improved functional outcomes, and improved survival.

Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of a surgical cancer prehabilitation program on the long-term physical and psychological health in a cohort of patients undergoing surgery for esophagogastric cancer.

Methods:
The PREPARE program is a multimodal cancer prehabilitation program. All patients who underwent curative esophagogastric cancer surgery and completed the PREPARE program were included in the study. Weekly activity scores, self-efficacy, exercise testing, and hand grip strength were assessed.

Results:
A total of 39 patients met the eligibility criteria. At baseline, 31% of patients were active, 13% were moderately active, and 56% were insufficiently active. At follow-up, 44% of patients were active, 13% were moderately active, and 44% were insufficiently active. There was a significant increase in leisure score index (P = .048, z = −1.981),

JOURNAL/reonc/04.03/01893697-202007000-00004/4FSM1/v/2023-08-24T151015Z/r/image-gif

o
2max, mL.kg−1.min−1 (P ≤ .01), and hand grip strength (P ≤ .01) from baseline to follow-up. There was no change in self-efficacy through baseline to follow-up.

Limitations:
Improvements in the postoperative period could be expected as part of recovery. The absence of a control group makes this difficult to establish.

Conclusion:
Starting prehabilitation at the time of diagnosis leads to sustained confidence and improved activity and exercise levels in the posttreatment period.