bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unsaturated fatty acid‐enriched extract from Hippophae rhamnoides seed reduces skin dryness through up‐regulating aquaporins 3 and hyaluronan synthetases 2 expressions
Authors: Yao Qifeng , Jia Tinghan , Qiao Wu , Gu Hongjian , Kaku Ken 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundSeed oil of sea buckthorn (SBT) is well known to contain high amount of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and PUFA is generally acknowledged to promote skin hydration by reducing trans‐epidermal water loss (TEWL).AimsThe present study is aimed to investigate that skin hydration offered by SBT seed oil is whether through up‐regulating AQP3 or HAS2 expression.MethodsMTT assay was performed to detect cytotoxicity of SBT seed oil, and then, PCR was carried out to explore whether SBT seed oil can increase AQP3 mRNA expression in normal human epidermis keratinocytes (NHEK) cells or not. Immunofluorescence (IF) and Western blot analysis were used to test the protein level expression of AQP3 and HAS2 influenced by SBT seed oil in NHEK cells or in reconstructed epidermis skin model.ResultsAccording to the result of MTT assay, all test concentration of SBT seed oil showed no cytotoxicity to cells. 10 μg/mL SBT seed oil treatment evidently increased AQP3 mRNA level compared to negative control (NC). IF and Western blot analysis results demonstrated that AQP3 and HAS2 protein levels in NHEK cells treated with 10 μg/mL SBT seed oil were much higher than that of NC. Finally, treatment with 10 μg/mL SBT seed oil substantially up‐regulated expression of AQP3 and HAS2 protein in reconstructed epidermis skin model in comparison to NC.ConclusionsIn summary, our study first proved that SBT seed oil can improve skin hydration through increasing AQP3 and HAS2 expressions.
Use of proteomics to identify biomarkers associated with chronic kidney disease and long‐term outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Edfors R. , Lindhagen L. , Spaak J. , Evans M. , Andell P. , Baron T. , Mörtberg J. , Rezeli M. , Salzinger B. , Lundman P. , Szummer K. , Tornvall P. , Wallén H. N. , Jacobson S. H. , Kahan T. , Marko‐Varga G. , Erlinge D. , James S. , Lindahl B. , Jernberg T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have poor outcomes following myocardial infarction (MI). We performed an untargeted examination of 175 biomarkers to identify those with the strongest association with CKD and to examine the association of those biomarkers with long‐term outcomes.MethodsA total of 175 different biomarkers from MI patients enrolled in the Swedish Web‐System for Enhancement and Development of Evidence‐Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies (SWEDEHEART) registry were analysed either by a multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry assay or by a multiplex assay (proximity extension assay). Random forests statistical models were used to assess the predictor importance of biomarkers, CKD and outcomes.ResultsA total of 1098 MI patients with a median estimated glomerular filtration rate of 85 mL min−1/1.73 m2 were followed for a median of 3.2 years. The random forests analyses, without and with adjustment for differences in demography, comorbidities and severity of disease, identified six biomarkers (adrenomedullin, TNF receptor‐1, adipocyte fatty acid‐binding protein‐4, TNF‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand receptor 2, growth differentiation factor‐15 and TNF receptor‐2) to be strongly associated with CKD. All six biomarkers were also amongst the 15 strongest predictors for death, and four of them were amongst the strongest predictors of subsequent MI and heart failure hospitalization.ConclusionIn patients with MI, a proteomic approach could identify six biomarkers that best predicted CKD. These biomarkers were also amongst the most important predictors of long‐term outcomes. Thus, these biomarkers indicate underlying mechanisms that may contribute to the poor prognosis seen in patients with MI and CKD.
Individual Differences in Second Language Listening: Examining the Role of Knowledge, Metacognitive Awareness, Memory, and Attention
Authors: Wallace Matthew P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the direct and indirect effects of domain‐specific knowledge (vocabulary knowledge and topical knowledge) and domain‐general cognitive abilities (metacognitive awareness, memory, and attentional control) on second language listening comprehension. Data were collected from 226 Japanese senior high school EFL students. Data sources included a practice version of the TOEFL Junior Standard test, the Listening Vocabulary Levels Test, the Metacognitive Awareness Listening Questionnaire, memory recall tests, attentional control tests, and a study‐generated questionnaire measuring topical knowledge. Scores from these instruments were examined using structural equation modeling. The results showed that vocabulary knowledge had the strongest total effect on listening performance. Topical knowledge and attentional control also had direct effects. Only metacognitive awareness had an indirect effect on listening comprehension through topical knowledge. The findings indicate that differences in domain‐specific knowledge, particularly vocabulary knowledge, are the most important for predicting listening comprehension.
How US and Chinese Media Cover the US–China Trade Conflict: A Case Study of War and Peace Journalism Practice and the Foreign Policy Equilibrium Hypothesis
Authors: Ha Louisa , Yang Yang , Ray Rik , Matanji Frankline , Chen Peiqin , Guo Ke , Lyu Nan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article examines the news coverage of a nonmilitary conflict: The US–China trade conflict by major news media outlets in the USA and China using the war and peace journalism framework. Role in the conflict as initiator/responder, medium difference, the press role in each press system, and partisanship of news media were hypothesized to affect the war and peace journalism practice. Moreover, the trade conflict was divided into three stages to test the applicability of the “foreign policy market equilibrium hypothesis” by analyzing the changes in the uses of sources and presence of competing frames over time. US news media were found to employ more war journalism and less peace journalism than their Chinese counterpart. They also had much lower coverage of the conflict than their Chinese counterpart. Newspapers were more likely to use war journalism than television. US partisan liberal media selectively supported and opposed the US government trade policy.
Pachydermodactyly associated with extensive computer gaming: A report of three cases
Authors: Dagrosa Alicia T. , Fraser Lindsey W. , Linos Konstantinos D. , Sriharan Aravindhan , Albert Daniel A. , Mann Julianne A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPachydermodactyly is an uncommon, progressive, nontender thickening of the fingers with prominent involvement of the proximal interphalangeal joints. Pachydermodactyly mimics inflammatory arthritis but plain film radiography is normal in this condition. Pachydermodactyly has been previously described in workers performing manual labor. Mechanical stimulation has been identified as a predisposing factor in the majority of cases. We present three cases in adolescent males arising in association with excessive computer gaming.
Strategies to establish and maintain trust when working in immigrant communities
Authors: D’Alonzo Karen T. , Greene Lindsey 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe nursing profession has historically advocated a strong commitment to social justice. As immigration issues have become increasingly politicized, nurses are being called upon to integrate principles of social justice when caring for immigrant populations. Nurse researchers have a particular challenge in winning and maintaining trust in immigrant communities. Data from several studies suggest that erosion of trust in the health care system, due to fears of detention and deportation, is resulting in adverse health outcomes among immigrants. The purpose of this article is to discuss a variety of strategies to establish and maintain trust in immigrant communities. These strategies were developed to maintain an academic–community partnership focused around obesity prevention among Mexican immigrant families. Strategies included: (a) Conceptualize trust as a dynamic continuum; (b) recognize the scope and impact of the stressors; (c) separate fact versus fiction; (d) identify deportation‐related stressors and community responses; (e) manage trust and mistrust issues; (f) build bridges; and (g) establish a positive presence. Nurses are well poised to intervene to repair the damaged trust between immigrant communities and the health care system, using community‐based participatory methods.
Development and current state of seawater shrimp farming, with an emphasis on integrated multi‐trophic pond aquaculture farms, in China – a review
Authors: Chang Zhi‐Qiang , Neori Amir , He Yu‐Ying , Li Ji‐Tao , Qiao Ling , Preston Steven Ian , Liu Ping , Li Jian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractShrimp farming has been the fastest‐growing sector in seawater aquaculture and has contributed to improving the farmers income and the utilization efficiency of aquaculture resources in China. The shrimp industry has deployed ever‐improved and innovated methods, from extensive farming to semi‐intensive and intensive farming. Various high‐density intensive culture models, such as high‐land, greenhouse and indoor industrialized culture models, have been used for shrimp pond farming in the coastal area. However, efficiency, environmental and social considerations have led to an increasing adoption of the environmentally‐friendly culture model called integrated multi‐trophic aquaculture (IMTA). This has occurred most rapidly along the northern and central coasts of China. The deployed IMTA culture models reviewed here are shrimp + crab, shrimp + fish, shrimp + sea cucumber, shrimp + jellyfish + clam, shrimp + crab + clam, shrimp + crab + clam + fish and the ridgetail white shrimp polyculture in saline alkaline water, which have been tailored to local conditions and organisms' characteristics. Suitable organism varieties and the maintenance of suitable eco‐friendly water quality have been key to success. The eco‐friendly IMTA culture models described here fully exploit the pond culture resources, to increase production with minimal additional feed and labor inputs, while reducing effluent emissions and treatment cost. The performance of shrimp IMTA models is compared to shrimp monoculture models regarding the economics. An equally important outcome of this publication is making generally accessible the findings from a vast Chinese scientific literature on shrimp culture that has hitherto been unavailable in English.
Preoperative TruCulture® whole blood cytokine response predicts post‐operative inflammation in pancreaticoduodenectomy patients—A pilot cohort study
Authors: Aasvang Eske K. , Pitter Sandra , Hansen Carsten P. , Storkholm Jan H. , Krohn Paul S. , Burgdorf Stefan K. , Von Stemann Jakob H. , Lundgren Jens D. , Nielsen Susanne D. , Kehlet Henrik , Ostrowski Sisse R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMajor surgery is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality with early post‐operative adverse events (POAE) occurring in 30% of patients within the first 30 days. The underlying pathogenesis is multifactorial, including immune dysfunction and increased inflammatory response to surgery. We investigated preoperative immune function by the TruCulture® whole blood technique in a cohort of patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD), hypothesizing that patients developing inflammatory POAE defined as leucocytosis, fever or high (above median) area under the curve (AUC) C‐reactive protein (CRP) the first post‐operative week would display perturbed preoperative immune function. Sixty‐two adult patients were screened, 30 included and 11 excluded post‐inclusion due to other surgical procedures than PD and post‐operative complications directly attributed to surgery, leaving 19 patients for analysis of preoperative immune function. Patients developing leucocytosis (n = 5, 26%) had lower Toll‐like receptor (TLR)‐3–stimulated IL‐12p40 and higher Candida Albicans (TLR1/2/4/6, Dectin‐1)‐stimulated TNF‐α, compared to patients without leucocytosis (all P < .05). Patients developing fever (n = 7, 37%) had lower TLR7/8‐stimulated IFN‐γ and patients with high AUC CRP (n = 9, 47%) had lower TLR3‐stimulated IFN‐γ and IL‐6 and lower TLR7/8‐stimulated IL‐10 (all P < .05), compared to patients without fever or low CRP, respectively. In conclusion, patients with inflammatory POAE displayed lower preoperative stimulated IL‐12p40, IFN‐γ, IL‐6 and IL‐10 and higher TNF‐α response, compared to patients without inflammatory POAE. This finding suggests that TruCulture is a feasible immunologic screening tool in surgical patients, with a potential for preoperative identification of patients at increased risk for inflammatory POAE, allowing for risk‐based intervention trials.
The Culture‐Bound Brain: Epigenetic Proaction Revisited
Authors: Evers Kathinka 
Published: July 2020

AbstractProgress in neuroscience – notably, on the dynamic functions of neural networks – has deepened our understanding of decision‐making, acquisition of character and temperament, and the development of moral dispositions. The evolution of our cerebral architecture is both genetic and epigenetic: the nervous system develops in continuous interaction with the immediate physical and socio‐cultural environments. Each individual has a unique cerebral identity even in the relative absence of genetic distinction, and the development of this identity is strongly influenced by social and cultural environments leaving major traces in the connectivity of the brain. This interaction introduces important elements of variability and plasticity. Synaptic epigenetic theories of cultural and social imprinting on our brain architecture suggest the possibility that we can be “epigenetically proactive” and adapt our social structures, in both the short and the long term, to benefit and constructively interact with the ever‐developing neuronal architecture of our brains. Epigenetic proaction can be described as a way to socially steer evolution by influencing the cultural imprints to be stored in our brains. The purpose of this article is to present, in a historical and ideological light, the idea that we may culturally shape the developing brain, and discuss some key risks and benefits of this endeavour. The article is a contribution to neuroethics.
Identification of small non‐coding RNAs responsive to GUN1 and GUN5 related retrograde signals in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Habermann Kristin , Tiwari Bhavika , Krantz Maria , Adler Stephan O. , Klipp Edda , Arif M. Asif , Frank Wolfgang 
Published: July 2020

SUMMARYChloroplast perturbations activate retrograde signalling pathways, causing dynamic changes of gene expression. Besides transcriptional control of gene expression, different classes of small non‐coding RNAs (sRNAs) act in gene expression control, but comprehensive analyses regarding their role in retrograde signalling are lacking. We performed sRNA profiling in response to norflurazon (NF), which provokes retrograde signals, in Arabidopsis thaliana wild type (WT) and the two retrograde signalling mutants gun1 and gun5. The RNA samples were also used for mRNA and long non‐coding RNA profiling to link altered sRNA levels to changes in the expression of their cognate target RNAs. We identified 122 sRNAs from all known sRNA classes that were responsive to NF in the WT. Strikingly, 142 and 213 sRNAs were found to be differentially regulated in both mutants, indicating a retrograde control of these sRNAs. Concomitant with the changes in sRNA expression, we detected about 1500 differentially expressed mRNAs in the NF‐treated WT and around 900 and 1400 mRNAs that were differentially regulated in the gun1 and gun5 mutants, with a high proportion (~30%) of genes encoding plastid proteins. Furthermore, around 20% of predicted miRNA targets code for plastid‐localised proteins. Among the sRNA–target pairs, we identified pairs with an anticorrelated expression as well pairs showing other expressional relations, pointing to a role of sRNAs in balancing transcriptional changes upon retrograde signals. Based on the comprehensive changes in sRNA expression, we assume a considerable impact of sRNAs in retrograde‐dependent transcriptional changes to adjust plastidic and nuclear gene expression.
Functional diversification in the Nudix hydrolase gene family drives sesquiterpene biosynthesis in Rosa × wichurana
Authors: Sun Pulu , Dégut Clément , Réty Stéphane , Caissard Jean‐Claude , Hibrand‐Saint Oyant Laurence , Bony Aurélie , Paramita Saretta N. , Conart Corentin , Magnard Jean‐Louis , Jeauffre Julien , Abd‐El‐Haliem Ahmed M. , Marie‐Magdelaine Jordan , Thouroude Tatiana , Baltenweck Raymonde , Tisné Carine , Foucher Fabrice , Haring Michel , Hugueney Philippe , Schuurink Robert C. , Baudino Sylvie 
Published: July 2020

SUMMARYRoses use a non‐canonical pathway involving a Nudix hydrolase, RhNUDX1, to synthesize their monoterpenes, especially geraniol. Here we report the characterization of another expressed NUDX1 gene from the rose cultivar Rosa x wichurana, RwNUDX1‐2. In order to study the function of the RwNUDX1‐2 protein, we analyzed the volatile profiles of an F1 progeny generated by crossing R. chinensis cv. ‘Old Blush’ with R. x wichurana. A correlation test of the volatilomes with gene expression data revealed that RwNUDX1‐2 is involved in the biosynthesis of a group of sesquiterpenoids, especially E,E‐farnesol, in addition to other sesquiterpenes. In vitro enzyme assays and heterologous in planta functional characterization of the RwNUDX1‐2 gene corroborated this result. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was performed using the data of E,E‐farnesol contents in the progeny and a genetic map was constructed based on gene markers. The RwNUDX1‐2 gene co‐localized with the QTL for E,E‐farnesol content, thereby confirming its function in sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis in R. x wichurana. Finally, in order to understand the structural bases for the substrate specificity of rose NUDX proteins, the RhNUDX1 protein was crystallized, and its structure was refined to 1.7 Å. By molecular modeling of different rose NUDX1 protein complexes with their respective substrates, a structural basis for substrate discrimination by rose NUDX1 proteins is proposed.
Modulation of Kv3.1/Kv3.2 promotes gamma oscillations by rescuing Aβ‐induced desynchronization of fast‐spiking interneuron firing in an AD mouse model in vitro
Authors: Andrade‐Talavera Yuniesky , Arroyo‐García Luis Enrique , Chen Gefei , Johansson Jan , Fisahn André 
Published: July 2020

Key points
Gamma oscillations (30–80 Hz) are important for cognitive functions and depend on the synchronized activity of fast‐spiking interneurons (FSN), which is crucial for network stability.
Gamma oscillations are degraded in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients exhibiting cognitive impairment, with the degree of cognitive decline correlating with the severity of gamma disruption in response to neurotoxic amyloid‐beta peptide (Aβ).
Small molecule compounds EX15 and RE01 modulate Kv3.1/Kv3.2 potassium channels on FSN, resulting in faster activation kinetics and increased firing frequency, suggesting direct consequences for cognition‐relevant gamma oscillations, particularly in a situation where network activity is pathologically compromised in the presence of neurotoxic Aβ.
Using electrophysiological techniques in an in vitro AD model, we found a significant effect of EX15 and RE01 with respect to counteracting toxic Aβ effects on neuronal dynamics, advocating for targeting FSN activity to rescue cognitive performance from impairment caused by neurodegenerative triggers.
AbstractRhythmic electrical activity in neuronal networks such as gamma oscillations (30–80 Hz) underlies cognitive functions such as sensory perception, attention and memory. Gamma oscillations are disrupted in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and animal AD models, with the severity of cognitive decline correlating with the degree of rhythm disruption. Misfolded amyloid‐β peptide (Aβ) is assumed to be a key trigger of AD pathology and has been show to de‐synchronize action potential firing in fast‐spiking interneurons (FSN), which is crucial for entraining neuronal network activity into the gamma rhythm. The synchronizing activity of FSN therefore has become one of the most suitable targets to counteract disease‐driven degradation of gamma oscillations and consequent cognitive decline. EX15 and RE01 are small‐molecule compounds that modulate Kv3.1/Kv3.2 potassium channels, resulting in faster activation kinetics and increased FSN firing frequency. In the present study, we investigated the potential pro‐cognitive effects of EX15 and RE01 by testing their ability to modulate FSN activity during ongoing gamma oscillations in normal and Aβ‐disrupted network states in mouse hippocampus in vitro. In the compromised, but not the uncompromised, network state with gamma oscillations partially disrupted by Aβ, both compounds improve gamma oscillation regularity by promoting re‐synchronization of FSN action potential firing. Our data suggest a therapeutic potential for compounds such as EX15 and RE01, which can rescue normal action potential firing parameters in FSN, in the search for disease‐modifying drug candidates counteracting the progressive dysfunction of neuronal network dynamics that underlies the cognitive impairment typical of AD and other cognitive brain disorders.
Scaling Effects on the Residual Thermomechanical Stress During Ice-Free Cooling to Storage Temperature
Authors: Solanki Prem K. , Rabin Yoed 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Cryopreservation via vitrification (glass formation) is a promising approach for long-term preservation of large-size tissues and organs. Unfortunately, thermomechanical stress, which is driven by the tendency of materials to change size with temperature, may lead to structural failure. This study focuses on analysis of thermomechanical stress in a realistic, pillow-like shape cryobag as it is cooled to cryogenic storage, subject to sufficiently high cooling rates to facilitate vitrification. Contrary to common perception, it is demonstrated in this study that the maximum stress in the specimen does not necessarily increase with increasing size of the specimen. In fact, the maximum stress is affected by the combination of two competing effects, associated with the extent of the temperature gradients within the specimen and its overall volume. On one hand, the increase in specimen size gives rise to more prominent temperature gradients, which can intensify the thermomechanical stress. On the other hand, the temperature distribution at the core of larger specimens is more uniform, which leads to a larger portion of the specimen transitioning from fluid to a glassy material almost instantaneously, which carries a moderating effect on the overall mechanical stress at the glassy state (i.e., lower residual stress). In conclusion, this study demonstrates the role of container shape optimization in reducing the thermomechanical stress during cooling.