bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Annual estimates of occupancy for bryophytes, lichens and invertebrates in the UK, 1970–2015
Authors: Outhwaite Charlotte L. , Powney Gary D. , August Tom A. , Chandler Richard E. , Rorke Stephanie , Pescott Oliver L. , Harvey Martin , Roy Helen E. , Fox Richard , Roy David B. , Alexander Keith , Ball Stuart , Bantock Tristan , Barber Tony , Beckmann Björn C. , Cook Tony , Flanagan Jim , Fowles Adrian , Hammond Peter , Harvey Peter , Hepper David , Hubble Dave , Kramer John , Lee Paul , MacAdam Craig , Morris Roger , Norris Adrian , Palmer Stephen , Plant Colin W. , Simkin Janet , Stubbs Alan , Sutton Peter , Telfer Mark , Wallace Ian , Isaac Nick J. B. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHere, we determine annual estimates of occupancy and species trends for 5,293 UK bryophytes, lichens, and invertebrates, providing national scale information on UK biodiversity change for 31 taxonomic groups for the time period 1970 to 2015. The dataset was produced through the application of a Bayesian occupancy modelling framework to species occurrence records supplied by 29 national recording schemes or societies (n = 24,118,549 records). In the UK, annual measures of species status from fine scale data (e.g. 1 × 1 km) had previously been limited to a few taxa for which structured monitoring data are available, mainly birds, butterflies, bats and a subset of moth species. By using an occupancy modelling framework designed for use with relatively low recording intensity data, we have been able to estimate species trends and generate annual estimates of occupancy for taxa where annual trend estimates and status were previously limited or unknown at this scale. These data broaden our knowledge of UK biodiversity and can be used to investigate variation in and drivers of biodiversity change.
Kinetic Control of Parallel versus Antiparallel Amyloid Aggregation via Shape of the Growing Aggregate
Authors: Zanjani Ali Asghar Hakami , Reynolds Nicholas P. , Zhang Afang , Schilling Tanja , Mezzenga Raffaele , Berryman Joshua T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBy combining atomistic and higher-level modelling with solution X-ray diffraction we analyse self-assembly pathways for the IFQINS hexapeptide, a bio-relevant amyloid former derived from human lysozyme. We verify that (at least) two metastable polymorphic structures exist for this system which are substantially different at the atomistic scale, and compare the conditions under which they are kinetically accessible. We further examine the higher-level polymorphism for these systems at the nanometre to micrometre scales, which is manifested in kinetic differences and in shape differences between structures instead of or as well as differences in the small-scale contact topology. Any future design of structure based inhibitors of the IFQINS steric zipper, or of close homologues such as TFQINS which are likely to have similar structures, should take account of this polymorphic assembly.
Artificial covalent linkage of bacterial acyl carrier proteins for fatty acid production
Authors: Rullán-Lind Carlos , Ortiz-Rosario Melissa , García-González Andrea , Stojanoff Vivian , Chorna Nataliya E. , Pietri Ruth B. , Baerga-Ortiz Abel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAcyl carrier proteins (ACPs) are essential to the production of fatty acids. In some species of marine bacteria, ACPs are arranged into tandem repeats joined by peptide linkers, an arrangement that results in high fatty acid yields. By contrast, Escherichia coli, a relatively low producer of fatty acids, uses a single-domain ACP. In this work, we have engineered the native E. coli ACP into tandem di- and tri-domain constructs joined by a naturally occurring peptide linker from the PUFA synthase of Photobacterium profundum. The size of these tandem fused ACPs was determined by size exclusion chromatography to be higher (21 kDa, 36 kDa and 141 kDa) than expected based on the amino acid sequence (12 kDa, 24 kDa and 37 kDa, respectively) suggesting the formation of a flexible extended conformation. Structural studies using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), confirmed this conformational flexibility. The thermal stability for the di- and tri-domain constructs was similar to that of the unfused ACP, indicating a lack of interaction between domains. Lastly, E. coli cultures harboring tandem ACPs produced up to 1.6 times more fatty acids than wild-type ACP, demonstrating the viability of ACP fusion as a method to enhance fatty acid yield in bacteria.
Diurnal variations of cloud and relative humidity profiles across the tropics
Authors: Chepfer H. , Brogniez H. , Noel V. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEven though the diurnal cycle of solar forcing on the climate system is well defined, the diurnal evolutions of water vapor and clouds induced by the solar forcing are not yet established across the tropics. Here we combine recent satellite observations of clouds profiles and relative humidity profiles to document the diurnal variations of the water vapor and clouds vertical distributions over all the tropics in June-July-August. While the daily mean water vapor and cloud profiles are different between land and ocean, their diurnal variations with respect to their daily means exhibit similar features. Relative humidity profiles and optically thin cloud fraction profiles vary together which maximize during night-time in the entire troposphere and a minimize in day-time. The fraction of optically opaque clouds peak in the free troposphere in the early afternoon, transforms into a high altitude positive anomaly of optically thin clouds from nightfall to sunrise. In addition, land regions exhibit a daily low thin cloud positive anomaly, while oceanic regions exposed to subsidence air motions exhibit positive anomalies of opaque clouds in the lower atmosphere during the second half of the night, which grow until sunrise.
Impact of humanised isolation and culture conditions on stemness and osteogenic potential of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Suliman Salwa , Ali Hassan R. W. , Karlsen Tommy A. , Amiaud Jerome , Mohamed-Ahmed Samih , Layrolle Pierre , Costea Daniela E. , Brinchmann Jan E. , Mustafa Kamal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTherapeutic potential of human bone marrow stromal/stem cells (hBMSC) must be developed using well defined xenogenic-free conditions. hBMSC were isolated from healthy donors (n = 3) using different isolation and expansion methods. Donor I was isolated and expanded by either bone marrow directly seeded and cells expanded in 10% AB human serum (AB) +5 ng/ml fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) [Direct(AB + FGFlow)] or Ammonium-Chloride-Potassium Lysing Buffer was used before the cells were expanded in 10% AB +5 ng/ml FGF-2 [ACK(AB + FGFlow)] or Lymphoprep density gradient medium was used before the cells were expanded in 10% AB +5 ng/ml FGF2 [Lympho(AB + FGFlow)] or bone marrow directly seeded and cells expanded in 10% pooled platelet lysate plasma (PL) + heparin (2 I/U/mL) [Direct(PL)]. Groups for donors II and III were: Direct(AB + FGFlow) or 10% AB +10 ng/ml FGF2 [Direct(AB + FGFhigh)] or Direct(PL). HBMSCs were assessed for viability, multi-potency, osteogenic, inflammatory response and replicative senescence in vitro after 1 and 3 weeks. Pre-selected culture conditions, Direct(AB + FGFhigh) or Direct(PL), were seeded on biphasic calcium phosphate granules and subcutaneously implanted in NOD/SCID mice. After 1 and 11 weeks, explants were analysed for inflammatory and osteogenic response at gene level and histologically. To identify implanted human cells, in situ hybridisation was performed. hBMSC from all conditions showed in vitro multi-lineage potency. hBMSCs expanded in PL expressed stemness markers in vitro at significantly higher levels. Generally, cells expanded in AB + FGF2 conditions expressed higher osteogenic markers after 1 week both in vitro and in vivo. After 11 weeks in vivo, Direct(AB + FGFhigh) formed mature ectopic bone, compared to immature mineralised tissues formed by Direct(PL) implants. Mouse responses showed a significant upregulation of IL-1α and IL-1β expression in Direct(PL). After 1 week, human cells were observed in both groups and after 11 weeks in Direct(AB + FGFhigh) only. To conclude, results showed a significant effect of the isolation methods and demonstrated a relatively consistent pattern of efficacy from all donors. A tendency of hBMSC expanded in PL to retain a more stem-like phenotype elucidates their delayed differentiation and different inflammatory expressions.
Demonstration of facilitation between microalgae to face environmental stress
Authors: Krichen Emna , Rapaport Alain , Le Floc’h Emilie , Fouilland Eric 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPositive interactions such as facilitation play an important role during the biological colonization and species succession in harsh or changing environments. However, the direct evidence of such ecological interaction in microbial communities remains rare. Using common freshwater microalgae isolated from a High Rate Algal Pond HRAP treating wastewaters, we investigated with both experimental and modeling approaches the direct facilitation between two algal strains during the colonization phase. Our results demonstrate that the first colonization by microalgae under a severe chemical condition arose from the rapid growth of pioneer species such as Chlorella sorokiniana, which facilitated the subsequent colonization of low growth specialists such as Scenedesmus pectinatus. The pioneer species rapidly depleted the total available ammonia nitrogen favoring the specialist species initially inhibited by free ammonia toxicity. This latter species ultimately dominated the algal community through competitive exclusion under low nutrient conditions. We show that microbial successions are not only regulated by climatic conditions but also by interactions between species based on the ability to modify their growth conditions. We suggest that facilitation within the aquatic microbial communities is a widespread ecological interaction under a vast range of environmental stress.
NmrLineGuru: Standalone and User-Friendly GUIs for Fast 1D NMR Lineshape Simulation and Analysis of Multi-State Equilibrium Binding Models
Authors: Feng Chao , Kovrigin Evgenii L. , Post Carol Beth 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe ability of high-resolution NMR spectroscopy to readout the response of molecular interactions at multiple atomic sites presents a unique capability to define thermodynamic equilibrium constants and kinetic rate constants for complex, multiple-step biological interactions. Nonetheless, the extraction of the relevant equilibrium binding and rate constants requires the appropriate analysis of not only a readout that follows the equilibrium concentrations of typical binding titration curves, but also the lineshapes of NMR spectra. To best take advantage of NMR data for characterizing molecular interactions, we developed NmrLineGuru, a software tool with a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI) to model two-state, three-state, and four-state binding processes. Application of NmrLineGuru is through stand-alone GUIs, with no dependency on other software and no scripted input. NMR spectra can be fitted or simulated starting with user-specified input parameters and a chosen kinetic model. The ability to both simulate and fit NMR spectra provides the user the opportunity to not only determine the binding parameters that best reproduce the measured NMR spectra for the selected kinetic model, but to also query the possibility that alternative models agree with the data. NmrLineGuru is shown to provide an accurate, quantitative analysis of complex molecular interactions.
Dynamic Quantitative Iodine Myocardial Perfusion Imaging with Dual-Layer CT using a Porcine Model
Authors: Scherer Kai , Hammel Johannes , Sellerer Thorsten , Mechlem Korbinian , Renger Bernhard , Bähr Andrea , Kupatt Christian , Hinkel Rabea , Herzen Julia , Pfeiffer Franz , Rummeny Ernst , Pfeiffer Daniela 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIschemic heart disease is the globally leading cause of death. When using coronary CT angiography, the functional hemodynamics within the myocardium remain uncertain. In this study myocardial CT perfusion imaging using iodine contrast agent demonstrated to strongly improve the assessment of myocardial disorders. However, a retrieval of such dynamics using Hounsfield units from conventional CT poses concerns with respect to beam-hardening effects and low contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Dual-energy CT offers novel approaches to overcome aforementioned limitations. Quantitative peak enhancement, perfusion, time to peak and iodine volume measurements inside the myocardium were determined resulting in 0.92 mg/ml, 0.085 mg/ml/s 17.12 s and 29.89 mg/ml*s, respectively. We report on the first extensive quantitative and iodine-based analysis of myocardial dynamics in a healthy porcine model using a dual-layer spectral CT. We further elucidate on the potential of reducing the radiation dose from 135 to 18 mGy and the contrast agent volume from 60 to 30 mL by presenting a two-shot acquisition approach and measuring iodine concentrations in the myocardiumin-vivodown to 1 mg/ml, respectively. We believe that dynamic quantitative iodine perfusion imaging may be a highly sensitive tool for the precise functional assessment and monitoring of early myocardial ischemia.
Decomposition characteristics of indigenous organic fertilisers and introduced quick compost and their short-term nitrogen availability in the semi-arid Ethiopian Rift Valley
Authors: Mukai Shiro , Oyanagi Wataru 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCase studies on the assessment of local organic fertilisers (OFs) in their quality (decomposition characteristics and nutrient availability for crops) are few in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study assessed the quality of local OFs from the Ethiopian Rift Valley. The decomposition characteristics were assessed by acid detergent fibre analysis methods, while the short-term nitrogen availability was assessed by a combination of laboratory incubations and inorganic nitrogen and acid detergent soluble nitrogen determinations. A commercial hand-held reflectometer (RQFlex) was used for determining nitrogen components. The mean acid detergent soluble organic matter contents exceeded 250 mg g−1, indicating the OF feedstock contained much of the readily decomposable organic matter. Some of the indigenous compost (kosi) samples showed net nitrogen immobilisation during the initial period of incubation, followed by net nitrogen mineralisation in one month of incubation with 4% of the nitrogen mineralisation rate. Kosi should be applied to a field one month before seeding. Short-term nitrogen availability from kosi was too low to substitute for inorganic fertilisers. The combination of the simple analysis methods shown in this study is a quick, cost-saving, and accurate quality assessment approach for OFs, which can be useful in the field and at experimental stations in SSA.
Rectal swabs are a reliable proxy for faecal samples in infant gut microbiota research based on 16S-rRNA sequencing
Authors: Reyman Marta , van Houten Marlies A. , Arp Kayleigh , Sanders Elisabeth A. M. , Bogaert Debby 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRectal swabs are potentially a valuable method for monitoring the gut microbiome in research and clinical settings, where it is important to adhere to strict timing, or where acute sampling is needed. It is currently unknown whether rectal swabs give comparable results to faecal samples regarding microbiota community composition in neonates and infants. To study how well the two sampling methods correlate in infants, we compared the 16S-rRNA-based sequencing results of 131 paired rectal swabs and faecal samples collected from 116 infants at two timepoints in early life. The paired samples were highly comparable regarding both diversity and overall community composition, and strongly correlated on taxonomical level. We observed no significant nor relevant contribution of sampling method to the variation in overall gut microbiota community composition in a multivariable model. Our study provides evidence supporting the use of rectal swabs as a reliable proxy for faecal samples in infant gut microbiota research.
Fengycin induces ion channels in lipid bilayers mimicking target fungal cell membranes
Authors: Zakharova Anastasiia A. , Efimova Svetlana S. , Malev Valery V. , Ostroumova Olga S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe one-sided addition of fengycin (FE) to planar lipid bilayers mimicking target fungal cell membranes up to 0.1 to 0.5 μM in the membrane bathing solution leads to the formation of well-defined and well-reproducible single-ion channels of various conductances in the picosiemens range. FE channels were characterized by asymmetric conductance-voltage characteristic. Membranes treated with FE showed nonideal cationic selectivity in potassium chloride bathing solutions. The membrane conductance induced by FE increased with the second power of the lipopeptide aqueous concentration, suggesting that at least FE dimers are involved in the formation of conductive subunits. The pore formation ability of FE was not distinctly affected by the molecular shape of membrane lipids but strongly depended on the presence of negatively charged species in the bilayer. FE channels were characterized by weakly pronounced voltage gating. Small molecules known to modify the transmembrane distribution of electrical potential and the lateral pressure profile were used to modulate the channel-forming activity of FE. The observed effects of membrane modifiers were attributed to changes in lipid packing and lipopeptide oligomerization in the membrane.
Inkjet-printed CMOS-integrated graphene–metal oxide sensors for breath analysis
Authors: Wu Tien-Chun , De Luca Andrea , Zhong Qinyu , Zhu Xiaoxi , Ogbeide Osarenkhoe , Um Doo-Seung , Hu Guohua , Albrow-Owen Tom , Udrea Florin , Hasan Tawfique 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEarly diagnosis in exhaled breath is a key technology for next-generation personal healthcare monitoring. Current chemiresistive sensors, primarily based on metal oxide (MOx) thin films, have limited applicability in such portable systems due to their high power consumption, long recovery time, poor device-to-device consistency, and baseline drifts. To address these challenges for ammonia ($${{\rm{NH}}}_{3}$$

NH

3

) detection in exhaled breath, a critical biomarker for a variety of kidney and liver problems, we present a formulation of a graphene–MOx functional ink-based sensing platform. We integrate our sensing layer directly onto miniaturized CMOS microhotplates (μHP) via inkjet printing, potentially enabling scalability and device-to-device performance repeatability. Using stage-by-stage temporal analysis, and a temperature-pulsed modulation (TM) strategy, we achieve ultrahigh responsivity (1500% at 10 ppm pure $${{\rm{NH}}}_{3}$$

NH

3

), fast response and recovery time (28 and 43 s), ultralow power consumption (~6 mW), negligible baseline drift (<0.67%), excellent cross-device and cross-cycle consistency (<0.5% and <0.41% variation in responsivity) and long-term stability (<1% variation) in our graphene–zinc oxide (ZnO) formulation, outperforming conventional MOx chemiresistive sensors. We further mitigate the effect of humidity through our measurement protocols, while interference from acetone is compensated through the parallel deployment of an additional inkjet printed graphene–tungsten oxide ($${{\rm{WO}}}_{3}$$

WO

3

) device as part of the sensor array. Our dual graphene–MOx formulations and their integration with ultralow power CMOS through inkjet printing represent a significant step towards reliable and portable multi-analyte breath diagnostics.
Speech-Language Pathologists' Perceptions of Nonnative Accent: A Pilot Study
Authors: Chakraborty Rahul , Schwarz Amy Louise , Vaughan Phillip 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
Considering the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's (ASHA) global influence and continued emphasis on heightening multicultural receptivity, a major consideration for ASHA is to cultivate cultural sensitivity and competence in its largely female (95.30%), monolingual (93.46%), and White (92.10%) workforce. ASHA's 32-year transition from no formal multicultural education to mandatory multicultural education infusion provokes to enquire whether multicultural education in speech-language pathologists (SLPs) has modified SLPs' perceptions toward multicultural issues. In this article, we explored an aspect of such sensitivity. We want to know whether there exists a linear relationship between SLPs' age, as an index of their exposure to formal multicultural education, and SLPs' bias toward nonnative accent, as an index of their multicultural sensitivity.

Method
Two hundred sixty-eight SLP ASHA members completed a web-based pilot survey testing whether SLPs made biased associations based on personality traits, sociocultural factors, professional attire, and physical appearance of persons with nonnative accent and whether the SLPs thought they had an accent. Logistic regression tested whether age predicts explicit biased associations for these five outcomes.

Results
ASHA SLPs made biased associations with accent for all outcomes, but age only predicted the likelihood of explicit accent-based biases for physical appearance. The relationship was curvilinear, with 40- to 45-year-olds making the most biased associations and older SLPs making progressively fewer biased associations.

Conclusion
Clearly, the specific psychosocial attributes associated with perception of nonnative accent need to be explored from a dynamical systems perspective to discover potential variables that might directly or indirectly influence accent perception and potential biases.
Assessment of the insecticidal activity of oral afoxolaner against Phlebotomus perniciosus in dogs
Authors: Perier Nadège , Lebon Wilfried , Meyer Leon , Lekouch Noua , Aouiche Nesrine , Beugnet Frédéric 
Published: November 2019

Twelve healthy dogs were included in this laboratory efficacy study. Six dogs were randomly allocated based on body weight to an untreated control group and six to an afoxolaner (NexGard®) treated group. In the treatment group, afoxolaner was administered orally on Day 0 in accordance with label instructions. On Days 1, 14 and 28, each dog was exposed to 60 unfed female and 10 male Phlebotomus perniciosus sandflies for 1 h. At the end of each exposure period, sandflies were counted and assessed for viability and feeding status. There was no statistical difference in mortality (0.0–5.4%), nor in feeding proportion (61.6–78%) between the control and the treated groups at all 1-h post-exposure assessments. After collection, live fed and unfed sandflies were kept for viability assessments at 48 and 72 h post-exposure. In the untreated control group, the average percentages of live, fed, female sandflies after exposure, on Days 1, 14 and 28, ranged from 51% to 74% at 48 h and from 46% to 57% at 72 h, demonstrating model robustness over the 28 days of the study. Significantly fewer live fed sandflies were recorded for the afoxolaner treated group (p < 0.01). The insecticidal efficacy was 100%, 95.9% and 75.2% at 48 h post Days 1, 14 and 28 exposures, respectively, and 100%, 100% and 86.3% at 72 h post Days 1, 14, and 28 exposures, respectively. A single administration of oral afoxolaner (NexGard®) to dogs significantly killed P. perniciosus sandflies 48 and 72 h after blood feeding for 1 month.