bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Index-3: A Valid and Reliable Functional Outcome Assessment Measure in Patients With Dermatomyositis and Polymyositis
Authors: Ernste Floranne C. , Chong Christopher , Crowson Cynthia S. , Kermani Tanaz A. , Mhuircheartaigh Orla Ni , Alexanderson Helene 
Published: April 2020

Objective.Patients with dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) have reduced muscle endurance.The aim of this study was to streamline the Functional Index-2 (FI-2) by developing the Functional Index-3 (FI-3) and to evaluate its measurement properties, content and construct validity, and intra- and interrater reliability.Methods.A dataset of the previously performed and validated FI-2 (n = 63) was analyzed for internal redundancy, floor, and ceiling effects. The content of the FI-2 was revised into the FI-3. Construct validity and intrarater reliability of FI-3 were tested on 43 DM and PM patients at 2 rheumatology centers. Interrater reliability was tested in 25 patients. The construct validity was compared with the Myositis Activities Profile (MAP), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and Borg CR-10 using Spearman correlation coefficient.Results.Spearman correlation coefficients of 63 patients performing FI-3 revealed moderate to high correlations between shoulder flexion and hip flexion tasks and similar correlations with MAP and HAQ scores; there were lower correlations for neck flexion task. All FI-3 tasks had very low to moderate correlations with the Borg scale. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) of FI-3 tasks for intrarater reliability (n = 25) were moderate to good (0.88–0.98). ICC of FI-3 tasks for interrater reliability (n = 17) were fair to good (range 0.83–0.96).Conclusion.The FI-3 is an efficient and valid method for clinically assessing muscle endurance in DM and PM patients. FI-3 construct validity is supported by the significant correlations between functional tasks and the MAP, HAQ, and Borg CR-10 scores.
Sexting in adolescents: Prevalence and behaviours
Authors: Ojeda Mónica , del-Rey Rosario , Walrave Michel , Vandebosch Heidi 
Published: April 2020

Sexting is among the practices used by young people to explore their sexuality. Although an educational response to all facets of this phenomenon is recommended, little research has been published to date in Spain that analyses its prevalence by differentiating between the different types of sexting behaviours: sending, receiving, third-party forwarding, and receiving via an intermediary. This gap in the research is addressed by exploring: 1) Sexting prevalence, differentiating between behaviours; 2) Relationships between sexting behaviours and gender, age, sexual orientation, having a romantic/sexual partner, social networking sites used, and the degree of normalisation and willingness to sext; 3) Gender-based differences. In total, 3,314 adolescents aged 12 to 16 years participated in the study. The most frequent sexting behaviours were identified as receiving and receiving via an intermediary, followed by third-party forwarding and the sending of sexual content. The relative importance of each analysed variable depended on the specific sexting behaviour and the participants’ gender. The results highlight the need to disentangle the diversity behind sexting behaviours and to address each one in an educational setting. This more detailed look at the different behaviours can be used as the basis for raising awareness and decision-making in education.
El sexting es una de las prácticas a través de la que los jóvenes exploran su sexualidad. Aunque se recomienda responder educativamente a todas las formas en las que se puede expresar este fenómeno, en España, se ha publicado poca investigación que analice su prevalencia diferenciando los distintos tipos de comportamientos de sexting: envío, recepción, reenvío y recepción de reenvíos. El presente estudio aborda esta brecha en la investigación explorando: 1) La prevalencia de sexting, diferenciando entre comportamientos; 2) Las relaciones entre los comportamientos de sexting y el género, la edad, la orientación sexual, tener pareja romántica/sexual, las redes sociales utilizadas, el grado de normalización del sexting y la predisposición para participar en él; 3) Las diferencias de género. En total, participaron 3.314 adolescentes de 12 a 16 años. Los comportamientos de sexting más frecuentes fueron la recepción y la recepción de reenvíos, seguidos del reenvío y el envío. La importancia relativa de cada una de las variables analizadas dependió del comportamiento analizado y del género de los adolescentes. Los resultados destacan la importancia de desenredar la diversidad de los comportamientos de sexting y abordar cada uno de ellos desde la educación. Este punto de vista más detallado sobre los diferentes comportamientos podría utilizarse como base para la toma de decisiones educativas y de sensibilización.
Bullying and cyberbullying: Variables that influence university dropout
Authors: Bernardo Ana B. , Tuero Ellián , Cervero Antonio , Dobarro Alejandra , Galve-González Celia 
Published: April 2020

The increase in dropout rates in higher education is a phenomenon that has generated a lot of interest because of the need to deal with its economic, personal, and social consequences, and because of its prevalence, estimated around 30% in Spain. There is a similar interest in violent behavior in university classrooms, which has also been seen to have increased in recent years. Given that, and the fact that research has shown personal variables to be more influential in dropout from higher education, the aim of this study is to explore whether those students who are the victims of bullying (both traditional and cyberbullying) are closer to dropping out from their degree courses. To that end, 1,653 first-year students doing various degree courses in the north of Spain were asked to complete a questionnaire. The results of a Bayesian analysis showed that students who were victims of bullying were more likely to consider dropping out than students who were not victims of bullying. In addition, variables related to social integration (support from friends and teachers) exhibited a moderating effect. These findings raise the urgent need to include intervention strategies in relation to bullying in university plans to prevent dropout.
El aumento del abandono en los estudios superiores es un fenómeno que suscita un gran interés por la necesidad de paliar los efectos económicos, personales y sociales que genera; y por su nivel de prevalencia, que informes recientes cifran en España en torno a un 30%. Algo semejante ocurre con los comportamientos violentos en las aulas universitarias, cuyo incremento se ha constatado en los últimos tiempos. Teniendo esto en cuenta, y dado que tal y como pone de manifiesto la investigación científica son las variables personales las que parecen ejercer un mayor peso en el abandono de los estudios superiores, el objetivo que este trabajo persigue es investigar si aquellos universitarios que están siendo víctimas de acoso (acoso tradicional y ciberacoso) pueden tener un mayor planteamiento de abandono de la titulación. Para ello, se implementó un cuestionario a 1.653 estudiantes de primer curso de varias titulaciones de una universidad del norte de España. Los resultados del análisis bayesiano realizado muestran que aquellos estudiantes que son víctimas de acoso, en comparación con aquellos que no lo son, se plantean abandonar sus estudios en mayor medida, teniendo además las variables relacionadas con la integración social (apoyo de amigos y profesores) un efecto moderador. Estos hallazgos plantean la urgente necesidad de incluir estrategias de intervención sobre el acoso en los planes de prevención del abandono universitario.
eHealth literacy of late adolescents: Credibility and quality of health information through smartphones in India
Authors: Masilamani Vaageessan , Sriram Arulchelvan , Rozario Ann-Maria 
Published: April 2020

The introduction of smartphones has revolutionized how late adolescents (aged 18-21 years) access and use the internet. Vast troves of health information are today just a tap or swipe away, with smartphones and internet connectivity becoming increasingly accessible. The need for eHealth literacy among late adolescents is now gaining importance as it ensures an effective use of health information. This study conducted a survey among 427 late adolescents in order to evaluate their eHealth literacy levels; their perceptions of the quality of online health information; their level of trust and credibility in online health and checked if acquiring health information through the online medium led to a change in their behavior intention. The results showed that most of the late adolescents preferred viewing multiple websites for their health information needs. Health information in the form of text and images were preferred over video content; and most preferred accessing online health information in their native language. Cancer and obesity are the common health issues of interest to both genders. Mobile applications (apps) were the least preferred mode of accessing heath information despite the high usage of smartphones. eHealth literacy and credibility positively predicted behavior intention while quality of health information did not predict behavior intention.
La introducción de los smartphones (teléfonos inteligentes) ha revolucionado la forma en que los adolescentes tardíos (de entre 18 y 21 años) acceden y usan Internet. Hay una gran cantidad de información a solo un toque de distancia y los teléfonos móviles y la conectividad a Internet son cada vez más accesibles. La necesidad de aprender acerca de eSalud entre los adolescentes tardíos ahora está cobrando importancia, ya que garantiza un uso eficaz de la información de la salud. En este estudio se realiza una encuesta a 427 adolescentes tardíos para evaluar sus conocimientos en eSalud; sus percepciones de la calidad de la información de la eSalud; su nivel de confianza y credibilidad en eSalud y verificar si la adquisición de información de salud a través de este medio conduce a un cambio en su intención de comportamiento. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de los adolescentes tardíos preferían ver múltiples páginas web para sus necesidades de información de salud y la mayoría preferían acceder a información de eSalud en su idioma nativo. Las aplicaciones móviles (apps) eran el método menos usado para acceder a la información de salud a pesar del alto uso de smartphones. La alfabetización y la credibilidad de eSalud predijeron positivamente la intención de comportamiento, mientras que la calidad de la información de salud no predice la intención de comportamiento.
Monde et monde humain
Authors: Löwith Karl , Fagniez Guillaume 
Published: April 2020

Dans ce texte de 1960, Karl Löwith s’interroge sur l’origine de la « perte de monde » qui caractérise selon lui la situation de l’homme moderne. Il met au jour les sources judéo-chrétiennes de l’occultation du monde naturel par le monde humain et historique, et montre comment le subjectivisme de la philosophie moderne a encore renforcé cet acosmisme. Löwith indique ainsi la nécessité et la possibilité de repenser le monde naturel comme tel, au sein duquel l’homme pourrait trouver sa juste place.
Déconstruction philosophique et déconstructivisme architectural
Authors: Bonicco-Donato Céline 
Published: April 2020

Parmi les nombreux dialogues noués entre courants architecturaux et théories philosophiques, celui qu’engage le déconstructivisme spatial avec la déconstruction derridéenne apparaît profondément original. Dépassant le stade de la simple interprétation où des architectes empruntent à des philosophes leurs concepts, il a, en effet, pris la forme d’une véritable collaboration qui n’a pas laissé la pensée de Derrida indemne : à l’épreuve du parc de la Villette, le philosophe a été conduit à modifier sa perspective sur la déconstruction, tant dans son contenu que dans ses frontières disciplinaires.
Du travail social à l’intervention sociale : quand le sens fondamental de la prise en charge du corps vulnérable affirme les complémentarités professionnelles et éloigne du corporatisme
Authors: Dambuyant Gisèle 
Published: April 2020

Parmi les personnes les plus violentées dans la société française contemporaine, on peut citer les femmes sans-abri. Ces conditions d’existences génèrent une exposition permanente aux risques et à la violence sous toutes ses formes : climatique, physique, symbolique, sexuelle. Dès lors, on peut élaborer, dans ces contextes, une violence holistique. Rapidement et inexorablement, la personne est atteinte et violentée dans son intégrité globale donnant lieu à des interventions professionnelles. Si la prise en charge médicale reste possible et rapide, notamment en cas d’urgence vitale, la prise en charge sociale apparaît difficile, voire impossible, particulièrement tant que ces femmes résideront dans l’espace public. Comment imaginer des interventions sociales plus adaptées évitant le découragement professionnel ? Imaginer, dès la première rencontre, un parcours d’espaces différenciés et des pratiques complémentaires permet d’envisager une prise en charge globale de ces corps de femmes violentées. Ainsi, on peut conceptualiser un parcours de « soins sociaux » pour aller vers… la reconstruction identitaire.
La violence de la peine de placement sous surveillance électronique : une violence reconfigurée pour les porteurs condamnés
Authors: Dambuyant Mathias 
Published: April 2020

Cet article examine le rapport à la violence de la peine de placement sous surveillance électronique sur le quotidien de ses porteurs. Il s’agit d’une mesure technologique qui renouvelle la finalité de la peine. La violence de la peine du bracelet électronique est proprement reconfigurée car elle concerne les supports de l’identité des porteurs. Durant la peine, le corps, l’espace privé et l’emploi du temps (des porteurs condamnés) deviennent des supports de contrainte et de peine. Ces différents supports engendrent ce que nous définirons comme la « peine de soi ».
Toy stories : poupées, culture matérielle et imaginaire de classe dans la France du XIX e siècle
Authors: Maza Sarah 
Published: April 2020

Dans les familles de classe moyenne et supérieure en France au xix e siècle la poupée est un objet important aux niveaux matériel, culturel, et psychique, comme en témoigne la place qu’elle tient dans les souvenirs de femmes et la prolifération frappante de fictions centrées sur cet objet. Les décennies du milieu et de la fin du siècle voient aussi des révolutions importantes en France dans l’aspect et la production des poupées qui sont fortement différenciées selon les classes sociales. En nous inspirant des travaux de Robin Bernstein sur la culture matérielle de l’enfance, nous avançons l’argument que la poupée a joué un rôle central dans l’apprentissage des cultures et des conduites de classe pour les petites filles chez les élites françaises au cours du siècle. Un éventail d’autobiographies de femmes anonymes, peu connues, ou célèbres comme George Sand témoignent de l’importance de ce jouet dans la vie psychique des petites filles. L’abondant corpus de fictions centrées sur les poupées révèle, d’une part, leur fonction taxonomique : les différences entre elles permettent de repérer les distinctions de classe et d’en faire jouer les dynamiques. D’autre part, la poupée joue un rôle disciplinaire, invitant à des jeux de scène qui inculquent les valeurs de classe. L’article propose donc une approche dynamique de la culture matérielle et des différences sociales faisant une large part aux notions de script et de performance.
Le principe de subsidiarité en entreprise : un leurre ?
Authors: Guéry Bernard 
Published: April 2020

L’expression « subsidiarité » apparaît ces dernières années dans la littérature managériale pour conseiller des voies organisationnelles innovantes. La reprise d’un concept élaboré pour rendre compte initialement de communautés politiques, pose problème. Ce travail vise à mettre en lumière la difficulté principale du passage du champ politique au champ managérial. En effet, la subsidiarité rend au niveau inférieur un pouvoir qui lui revient de droit. Or, l’approche économique de théorie des organisations, notamment à travers la théorie de l’agence, présuppose une constitution descendante de l’entreprise : ce n’est donc pas l’échelon inférieur qui attribue un pouvoir au supérieur, mais l’inverse. À moins de remettre en cause les présupposés de l’approche économique de la théorie des organisations, le principe de subsidiarité ne semble donc pas être applicable à l’entreprise. Dès lors, le principe de subsidiarité pourrait être agité comme un leurre pour faire croire au salarié qu’il est le détenteur légitime d’un pouvoir, afin d’arraisonner ce qu’il a de plus intérieur pour domestiquer sa liberté à des fins managériales. Classification JEL : A12, D2, L2.
The 5Ts for Teach Back: An Operational Definition for Teach-Back Training
Authors: Anderson Kathryn M. , Leister Sarah , De Rego Ruth 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Teach Back is a health communication strategy used to confirm patient understanding in a non-shaming way. Although Teach Back is widely recommended as a best practice strategy for improving patient outcomes and organizational health literacy, there is lack of consensus in the literature on the definition of Teach Back and the best methods for training health care workers (HCWs). Our experience suggests that if you teach specific, observable skills, these can be identified in practice and potentially measured in research.

Brief description of activity:
We created a training program, the 5Ts for Teach Back, based on a standardized operational definition of Teach Back and five specific, observable components. Participants use a Teach-Back Observation Tool to identify the 5Ts in practice and during peer evaluation. The program incorporates lecture, observation, practice, and videos with good and bad examples of Teach Back.

Implementation:
The training was offered to HCWs in a large academic health care system. Flexible training options ranged from a single 4-hour training to a more comprehensive program that included clinic-specific scenarios, peer coaching, and refresher activities over a 6-month period.

Results:
The 5Ts for Teach Back operationalizes the definition of Teach Back and provides a model for training HCWs in the use of Teach Back. The 5Ts for Teach Back can be used to train any HCW. A single training session does not guarantee proficiency in practice. Through coaching and refresher activities, competence in Teach Back increases.

Lessons learned:

Teaching entire clinical units may increase effectiveness, because Teach Back becomes embedded in the unit culture. The Observation Tool can be used for training, coaching, and evaluation. The standardized method and Observation Tool are potentially useful when evaluating Teach Back during outcomes and patient satisfaction research.

[
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2020;4(2):94–103.]

Plain Language Summary:
Health care workers may be clearer when giving information to patients if they use Teach Back. Studies do not show what methods are best for training health care workers how to do Teach Back. The 5Ts method breaks Teach Back into five skills that help health care workers do it well. The 5Ts can also confirm use and may be helpful for research.
The Effect of Blood Glucose on Quiet Standing Balance in Young Healthy Individuals
Authors: Breloff Scott P. , Bachman Jessica L. , Lugade Vipul A. , Stuka Andrew D. 
Published: April 2020

Falling is one of the leading causes of accidental injury and death among elderly adults and construction workers, with costs exceeding US$31 billion each year. Having good balance reduces the likelihood of falling — therefore it is important to determine which possible factors might influence balance. The purpose of this study was to determine if consuming three different types of breakfast altered blood glucose levels in such a way that young healthy individual’s balance control was compromised. Balance was then measured while the subjects completed single- and dual-task standing trials with eyes open and closed. Although changing blood glucose did alter quiet standing balance — as measured by the separation distance between the COG and COP, the velocity of the COM, and the total distance traveled by the COG and COP along the anterior–posterior (AP) and medial–lateral (ML) axes — the results were contradictory to what was hypothesized. Subjects with lower blood glucose swayed less than those with higher blood glucose. This could potentially be due to the habitual skipping of breakfast in young adults. Though the changing of blood glucose did influence quiet standing balance of young healthy adults, it was not in a way which increased the risk of falling.
Decomposing the response of the stratospheric Brewer–Dobson circulation to an abrupt quadrupling in CO2
Authors: Chrysanthou Andreas , Maycock Amanda C. , Chipperfield Martyn P. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract. We perform time-slice experiments using HadGEM3-A to decompose the long-term (years 101–150) response of the Brewer–Dobson circulation (BDC) to an abrupt quadrupling in CO2 (4×CO2) into
(1) a rapid atmospheric adjustment, (2) a contribution from the global-average sea surface temperature (SST) change (+3.4 K), and (3) an SST pattern effect. The SST fields are derived from the CMIP5 multi-model ensemble. Two further experiments explore the impact on the BDC of the spread in global-average SST response to 4×CO2 across the CMIP5 models (range 2.1–4.9 K). At 70 hPa (10 hPa) the annual-mean tropical upward mass flux increases by 45 % (35 %) due to the 4×CO2 perturbation. At 70 hPa, around 70 % of the increase is from the global-uniform SST warming, with the remainder coming in similar contributions from the rapid adjustment and SST pattern effect. In contrast, at 10 hPa the increase in mass flux comes mainly from the rapid adjustment (∼40 %) and the uniform SST warming (∼45 %), with a small contribution from the SST pattern. At 10 hPa, the effect of the multi-model spread in global-mean SST is comparable in magnitude to the rapid adjustment. Conversely, at 70 hPa the effect of spread in global-mean SST is substantially larger than both the rapid adjustment and the SST pattern effect. We derive an approximately linear sensitivity of the tropical upward mass flux to global surface air temperature change of 0.62×109 kg s−1 K−1 (9 % K−1) at 70 hPa and 0.10×109 kg s−1 K−1 (6 % K−1) at 10 hPa. The results confirm the most important factor for the acceleration of the BDC in the lower stratosphere under increased CO2 is global SST changes. We also quantify for the first time that the rapid adjustment to CO2 is of similar importance to SSTs for the increased BDC in the upper stratosphere. This demonstrates a potential for a fast and slow timescale of the response of the BDC to greenhouse gas forcing, with the relative prominence of those timescales being height dependent.