bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sicherheit und Monitoring der patientenkontrollierten intravenösen Analgesie
Authors: Emons M. I. , Maring M. , Stamer U. M. , Pogatzki-Zahn E. , Petzke F. , Erlenwein J. 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die patientenkontrollierte intravenöse Analgesie („patient controlled intravenous analgesia“, PCIA) ist als Verfahren in der Akutschmerztherapie etabliert. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, Anwendungspraxis, Überwachung, unerwünschte Vorkommnisse und Komplikationen unter einer PCIA-Therapie an deutschen Krankenhäusern zu erfassen.

Methoden
Alle 995 bei der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Anästhesie und Intensivmedizin e. V. registrierten Chefärzte wurden zur Teilnahme an der elektronischen Umfrage eingeladen.

Ergenisse
Aus 244 Kliniken wurden Antworten zurückgesandt. In 193 (79 %) dieser Kliniken kam die PCIA zum Einsatz. Alle folgenden Angaben beziehen sich auf diese Krankenhäuser. Das am häufigsten genutzte Opioid war Piritramid. Bei Patienten mit PCIA setzten 94 % der Kliniken zusätzlich Nichtopioidanalgetika ein, 38 % retardierte orale Opioide sowie 4 % parenterale Opioide. Bei Anwendung der PCIA auf Normalstation lag lediglich in 31 % der Kliniken ein standardisiertes Überwachungskonzept vor, das über die Routineversorgung der Stationen hinausging.
Insgesamt 82 % der befragten Kliniken berichteten von unerwünschten Vorkommnissen im Zusammenhang mit der PCIA. In 39 % der Kliniken war in den vorangegangenen 6 Monaten mindestens eine potenziell vital bedrohliche Komplikation aufgetreten, insgesamt wurden 335 Einzelfälle berichtet (bei ca. 50.000 durchgeführten PCIAs). Kliniken, die über Komplikationen berichteten, hatten einen höheren Überwachungsstandard als Kliniken, die über keine Komplikationen berichteten.

Schlussfolgerungen
Die PCIA ist ein verbreitetes, aber durchaus mit Risiken verbundenes Analgesieverfahren. Anwendungs- und Überwachungspraxis sind heterogen. Konsentierte, aktuelle Empfehlungen hinsichtlich Behandlungs- und Überwachungsstandards sowie der systematischen Erfassung von Komplikationen bei Anwendung der PCIA stehen aus.
Wirkungen in der partizipativen Gesundheitsforschung: Eine Einordnung in die Diskurse zum Forschungsimpact
Authors: Allweiss Theresa , Cook Tina , Wright Michael T. 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungSeit einigen Jahren beschäftigt sich die akademische Welt verstärkt damit, welcher gesellschaftliche Nutzen von Forschung ausgeht und wie er erhoben und dargestellt werden kann. Zu der Wirkung von Forschung, dem sogenannten Forschungsimpact, werden verschiedene Diskussionen geführt – kontrovers besonders in Ländern, in denen Impact mittlerweile ein Faktor bei der Verteilung von Fördergeldern geworden ist. Partizipative Gesundheitsforschung ist ein Forschungsansatz, der diejenige in die Forschung einbindet, deren Arbeit oder Leben im Forschungsinteresse stehen. Mit diesem Ansatz soll auch außerhalb der akademischen Welt Wirkung erzielt werden, um Veränderungen zum gesundheitlichen Wohlergehen anzustoßen und die gesundheitliche Chancengleichheit in der Gesellschaft zu erhöhen.Der Beitrag geht den Fragen nach, wie Forschungsimpact verstanden und erhoben werden kann und welchen Beitrag die Wirkungen der partizipativen Gesundheitsforschung zu gesundheitlicher Chancengleichheit leisten können. Er geht exemplarisch auf Aspekte von Impactdiskussionen im Vereinigten Königreich und in Deutschland ein und bildet dann den aktuellen Stand der fachlichen Auseinandersetzung mit dem Themenbereich ab. Schließlich beschreibt er die Wirkfaktoren der partizipativen Gesundheitsforschung, die zu einer Stärkung gesundheitlicher Chancengleichheit führen können.Nicht nur im Bereich der partizipativen Gesundheitsforschung ermöglicht es die Diskussion über Forschungsimpact, die Nachhaltigkeit und den Wert von Forschung zu bewerten und zu stärken. Da die vielseitigen Wirkungen der partizipativen Gesundheitsforschung jedoch das Potenzial haben, gesundheitliche Ungleichheiten zu verringern, sollten sie entsprechend wahrgenommen und anerkannt werden.
Extreme Adipositas durch Leptinrezeptordefekt
Authors: Zorn S. , v. Schnurbein J. , Kohlsdorf K. , Denzer C. , Wabitsch M. 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungSeltene Genvarianten im Leptin-Melanokortin-Signalweg können die Hunger- und Sättigungsregulation stören und eine extreme Adipositas im frühen Kindesalter verursachen. Um Stigmatisierung und frustrane Therapieversuche zu vermeiden, ist eine frühe genetische Diagnostik notwendig. Zukünftig sind für einige Formen der genetischen Adipositas pharmakologische Therapiemöglichkeiten verfügbar. Der Fallbericht handelt von einem Mädchen mit extremer Adipositas infolge eines compound-heterozygoten Leptinrezeptordefekts und ihrem langwierigen Prozess bis zur Diagnosefindung und zum Beginn einer pharmakologischen Therapie.
A review on micro-milling: recent advances and future trends
Authors: Balázs Barnabás Zoltán , Geier Norbert , Takács Márton , Davim J. Paulo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecently, mechanical micro-milling is one of the most promising micro-manufacturing processes for productive and accurate complex-feature generation in various materials including metals, ceramics, polymers and composites. The micro-milling technology is widely adapted already in many high-tech industrial sectors; however, its reliability and predictability require further developments. In this paper, micro-milling related recent results and developments are reviewed and discussed including micro-chip removal and micro-burr formation mechanisms, cutting forces, cutting temperature, vibrations, surface roughness, cutting fluids, workpiece materials, process monitoring, micro-tools and coatings, and process-modelling. Finally, possible future trends and research directions are highlighted in the micro-milling and micro-machining areas.
Impact of the number of conditioning pulses on motor cortex excitability: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study
Authors: Nikolov Petyo , Zimmermann Johanna V. , Hassan Shady S. , Albrecht Philipp , Schnitzler Alfons , Groiss Stefan J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractConditioning transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with subthreshold conditioning stimulus followed by supra-threshold test stimulus at inter-stimulus intervals (ISI) of 1–5 ms results in inhibition (SICI), while ISI at 10–15 ms results in facilitation (ICF). One concerning issue, applying ICF/SICI protocols on patients is the substantial protocol variability. Here, we hypothesized that increasing the number of CS could result in more robust ICF/SICI protocols. Twenty healthy subjects participated in the study. Motor-evoked potentials (MEP) were obtained from conditioning TMS with a varying number of conditioning stimuli in 3, 4, 10, and 15 ms ISI over the primary motor cortex. MEP amplitudes were then compared to examine excitability. TMS with 3, 5, and 7 conditioning stimuli but not with one conditioning stimulus induced ICF. Moreover, 10 ms ISI produced stronger ICF than 15 ms ISI. Significant SICI was only induced with one conditioning stimulus. Besides, 3 ms ISI resulted in stronger SICI than 4 ms ISI. Only a train of conditioning stimuli induced stable ICF and may be more advantageous than the classical paired pulse ICF paradigm.
Psychometrische Eigenschaften des Life Attitude Profile – Revised
Authors: Valdés-Stauber Juan , Kämmerle Helen , Bachthaler Susanne 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDie allgemeine Frage nach dem „Sinn des Lebens“ wird empirisch in Form von allgemeinen und personalen Lebensbedeutungen formuliert. In der Medizin erhalten Lebensbedeutungen eine relevante Tragweite bei einem Verlust von Sinn, der als krankheitsfördernd angesehen wird, v. a. aus psychosomatischer Perspektive.FragestellungDie vorliegende Studie untersucht die psychometrischen Eigenschaften der deutschsprachigen revidierten Version des Life Attitude Profile (LAP-R) von Reker für eine Stichprobe stationär-psychosomatischer Patienten sowie mögliche Assoziationen mit klinischen Outcome-Variablen.Material und MethodenDie Stichprobe (n = 138) von elektiv stationär-psychosomatisch behandelten Patienten wird zu den Zeitpunkten Aufnahme und Entlassung untersucht. Reliabilität im Sinne von interner Konsistenz wird mit Cronbachs α ausgewertet; Konstruktvalidität wird mit konfirmatorischer Faktorenanalyse und konvergente Validität anhand von Korrelationsmatrizen mit validierten klinischen Skalen erfasst.ErgebnisseDie interne Konsistenz des LAP‑R für die einzelnen Dimensionen zeigt Cronbachs-α-Werte zwischen 0,69 und 0,85, für den Gesamttest beträgt Cronbachsα 0,92. Die konfirmatorische Faktorenanalyse zeigt einen guten Daten-Fit („root mean square error of approximation“ [RMSEA], χ2/Freiheitsgrade [df]), aber einen zu geringen Modell-Fit („Tucker-Lewis index“ [TLI], „comparative fit index“ [CFI]). Die Korrelationen zwischen den Dimensionen des LAP‑R sind meist moderat. Die Korrelation zwischen dem Ausmaß der klinischen Besserung und der Zunahme der Lebensbedeutungen ist mäßig, aber mit der rückblickenden therapeutischen Beziehung hoch.SchlussfolgerungDie deutsche Version des LAP‑R zeigt für die Stichprobe stationär-psychosomatisch behandelter Patienten gute interne Konsistenz, gute konvergente Validität, jedoch uneinheitliche Konstruktvalidität. Die übergeordneten Indizes („personal meaning index“ [PMI], „existential transcendence“ [ET]) korrelieren signifikanter mit klinischen Variablen als die einzelnen Dimensionen.
Clinical outcome after lumbar spinal fusion surgery in degenerative spondylolisthesis: a 3-year follow-up
Authors: Lenz Maximilian , Oikonomidis S. , Hartwig R. , Gramse R. , Meyer C. , Scheyerer M. J. , Hofstetter C. , Eysel P. , Bredow J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Lumbar spinal fusion surgery is a widely accepted surgical treatment in degenerative causes of lumbar spondylolisthesis. The benefit of reduction of anterior displacement and restoration of sagittal parameters is still controversially debated. Purpose of the underlying publication was to analyze the influence of radiographic sagittal parameters of the spine in aspects of changes in postoperative clinical outcome.

Materials and methods
By prospective analysis, we included patients with low-grade degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (Meyerding grades I and II) with mono- or bisegmental fusion surgery with a minimum follow-up data of 3 years. For clinical outcome measures, COMI, ODI and EQ-5D were used. Spinopelvic parameters (sacral inclination, pelvic tilt, sacral slope and pelvic incidence, lumbar lordosis and lumbar index as well as anterior displacement and sagittal rotation) were measured on plain radiographs.

Results
We could observe a significant benefit in clinical outcome after lumbar fusion surgery in low-grade spondylolisthesis in our mid-term follow-up data including 32 patients. By surgical reduction, we could see significant restoration of anterior displacement and sagittal rotation. Interestingly, a significant correlation between restoration of both sagittal rotation and sacral inclination and clinical outcome score was observed in the 3-year follow-up.

Conclusion
In low-grade spondylolisthesis, spinal fusion surgery is a well-established surgical procedure; however, the impact of sagittal parameters and reduction of anterior displacement remains controversial. Within our findings, restoration of sagittal parameters showed significant correlation to improvement in clinical outcome in our mid-term follow-up data.
Endovascular stroke treatment in orally anticoagulated patients: an analysis from the German Stroke Registry-Endovascular Treatment
Authors:   for the GSR investigators, Küpper Clemens , Feil Katharina , Wollenweber Frank Arne , Tiedt Steffen , Herzberg Moriz , Dorn Franziska , Liebig Thomas , Dieterich Marianne , Kellert Lars 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Endovascular treatment (ET) in orally anticoagulated (OAC) patients has not been evaluated in randomized clinical trials and data regarding this issue are sparse.

Methods
We analyzed data from the German Stroke Registry-Endovascular Treatment (GSR-ET; NCT03356392, date of registration: 22 Nov 2017). The primary outcomes were successful reperfusion defined as modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (mTICI 2b-3), good outcome at 3 months (modified Rankin scale [mRS] 0–2 or back to baseline), and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) on follow-up imaging at 24 h analyzed by unadjusted univariate and adjusted binary logistic regression analysis. Additionally, we analyzed mortality at 3 months with adjusted binary logistic regression analysis.

Results
Out of 6173 patients, there were 1306 (21.2%) OAC patients, 479 (7.8%) with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) and 827 (13.4%) with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulation (NOAC). The control group consisted of 4867 (78.8%) non-OAC patients. ET efficacy with the rates of mTICI 2b-3 was similar among the three groups (85.6%, 85.3% vs 84.3%, p = 0.93 and 1). On day 90, good outcome was less frequent in OAC patients (27.8%, 27.9% vs 39.5%, p < 0.005 and < 0.005). OAC status was not associated with ICH at 24 h (NOAC: odd’s ratio [OR] 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67–1.20; VKA: OR 1.04, CI 0.75–1.46).
Binary logistic regression analysis revealed no influence of OAC status on good outcome at 3 months (NOAC: OR 1.25, CI 0.99–1.59; VKA: OR 1.18, CI 0.89–1.56) and mortality at 3 months (NOAC: OR 1.03, CI 0.81–1.30; VKA: OR 1.04, CI 0.78–1.1.37).

Conclusions
ET can be performed safely and successfully in LVO stroke patients treated with OAC.

Clinical trial registration-URL
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03356392.
Six weeks of dynamic apnoeic training stimulates erythropoiesis but does not increase splenic volume
Authors: Elia Antonis , Barlow Matthew J. , Wilson Oliver J. , O’Hara John P. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
This study examined the influence of dynamic apnoea training on splenic volume and haematological responses in non-breath-hold divers (BHD).

Methods
Eight non-BHD performed ten maximal dynamic apnoeas, four times a week for six weeks. Splenic volumes were assessed ultrasonically, and blood samples were drawn for full blood count analysis, erythropoietin, iron, ferritin, albumin, protein and osmolality at baseline, 24 h post the completion of each week’s training sessions and seven days post the completion of the training programme. Additionally, blood samples were drawn for haematology at 30, 90, and 180 min post session one, twelve and twenty-four.

Results
Erythropoietin was only higher than baseline (6.62 ± 3.03 mlU/mL) post session one, at 90 (9.20 ± 1.88 mlU/mL, p = 0.048) and 180 min (9.04 ± 2.35 mlU/mL, p = 0.046). Iron increased from baseline (18 ± 3 µmol/L) post week five (23 ± 2 µmol/L, p = 0.033) and six (21 ± 6 µmol/L; p = 0.041), whereas ferritin was observed to be lower than baseline (111 ± 82 µg/L) post week five (95 ± 75 µg/L; p = 0.016), six (84 ± 74 µg/L; p = 0.012) and one week post-training (81 ± 63 µg/L; p = 0.008). Reticulocytes increased from baseline (57 ± 12 × 109/L) post week one (72 ± 17 × 109/L, p = 0.037) and six (71 ± 17 × 109/L, p = 0.021) while no changes were recorded in erythrocytes (p = 0.336), haemoglobin (p = 0.124) and splenic volumes (p = 0.357).

Conclusions
Six weeks of dynamic apnoeic training increase reticulocytes without altering mature erythrocyte concentration and splenic volume.
The selective sequestration of glucosinolates by the cabbage aphid severely impacts a predatory lacewing
Authors: Sun Ruo , Jiang Xingcong , Reichelt Michael , Gershenzon Jonathan , Vassão Daniel Giddings 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe cabbage aphidBrevicoryne brassicaeis a notorious agricultural pest that specializes on plants of the Brassicaceae family, which are chemically defended by glucosinolates. By sequestering glucosinolates from its host plants and producing its own activating enzyme (myrosinase), this aphid employs a self-defense system against enemies paralleling that in plants. However, we know little about the metabolic fate of individual glucosinolates during aphid sequestration and activation and about the biochemical effects of this defense on aphid enemies. Here, we probed these questions focusing onB. brassicaeand a predatory lacewing,Chrysoperla carnea. We found that distinct glucosinolates were accumulated byB. brassicaeat different rates, with aliphatic glucosinolates being taken up more quickly than indolic ones.B. brassicaemyrosinase enzymatic activities toward different glucosinolates were strongly correlated to their rates of accumulation in vivo. Surprisingly, after simulated predation, the production of toxic isothiocyanate products (ITCs) was quantitatively outweighed by less toxic products such as nitriles and ITC-conjugates. Nevertheless, the defensive cocktails significantly impairedC. carneadevelopment.Tissue-specific quantification of glucosinolate metabolites revealed that the lacewings employ both conjugation and mobilization to reduce the toxicity of aliphatic ITCs, but these strategies were only partially effective. These results clarify the metabolic fates of glucosinolates after sequestration by an aphid herbivore and further in a higher trophic level, as well as the consequences for predator survival and development, and might be instructive for integrative pest management approaches targeting the cabbage aphid.
A Benchmark and Evaluation of Non-Rigid Structure from Motion
Authors: Jensen Sebastian Hoppe Nesgaard , Doest Mads Emil Brix , Aanæs Henrik , Del Bue Alessio 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNon-rigid structure from motion (nrsfm), is a long standing and central problem in computer vision and its solution is necessary for obtaining 3D information from multiple images when the scene is dynamic. A main issue regarding the further development of this important computer vision topic, is the lack of high quality data sets. We here address this issue by presenting a data set created for this purpose, which is made publicly available, and considerably larger than the previous state of the art. To validate the applicability of this data set, and provide an investigation into the state of the art of nrsfm, including potential directions forward, we here present a benchmark and a scrupulous evaluation using this data set. This benchmark evaluates 18 different methods with available code that reasonably spans the state of the art in sparse nrsfm. This new public data set and evaluation protocol will provide benchmark tools for further development in this challenging field.
Monitoring metabolism of synthetic cannabinoid 4F-MDMB-BINACA via high-resolution mass spectrometry assessed in cultured hepatoma cell line, fungus, liver microsomes and confirmed using urine samples
Authors: Leong Huey Sze , Watanabe Shimpei , Kuzhiumparambil Unnikrishnan , Fong Ching Yee , Moy Hooi Yan , Yao Yi Ju , Witting Paul K. , Fu Shanlin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
A tert-leucinate derivative synthetic cannabinoid, methyl (2S)-2-([1-(4-fluorobutyl)-1H-indazole-3-carbonyl]amino)-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (4F-MDMB-BINACA, 4F-MDMB-BUTINACA or 4F-ADB) is known to adversely impact health. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of three different modes of monitoring metabolism: HepG2 liver cells, fungus Cunninghamella elegans (C. elegans) and pooled human liver microsomes (HLM) for comparison with human in-vivo metabolism in identifying suitable urinary marker(s) for 4F-MDMB-BINACA intake.

Methods
Tentative structure elucidation of in-vitro metabolites was performed on HepG2, C. elegans and HLM using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis. In-vivo metabolites obtained from twenty authentic human urine samples were analysed using liquid chromatography–Orbitrap mass spectrometry.

Results
Incubation with HepG2, C. elegans and HLM yielded nine, twenty-three and seventeen metabolites of 4F-MDMB-BINACA, respectively, formed via ester hydrolysis, hydroxylation, carboxylation, dehydrogenation, oxidative defluorination, carbonylation or reaction combinations. Phase II metabolites of glucosidation and sulfation were also exclusively identified using C. elegans model. Eight in-vivo metabolites tentatively identified were mainly products of ester hydrolysis with or without additional dehydrogenation, N-dealkylation, monohydroxylation and oxidative defluorination with further oxidation to butanoic acid. Metabolites with intact terminal methyl ester moiety, i.e., oxidative defluorination with further oxidation to butanoic acid, were also tentatively identified.

Conclusions
The in-vitro models presented proved useful in the exhaustive metabolism studies. Despite limitations, HepG2 identified the major 4F-MDMB-BINACA ester hydrolysis metabolite, and C. elegans demonstrated the capacity to produce a wide variety of metabolites. Both C. elegans and HLM produced all the in-vivo metabolites. Ester hydrolysis and ester hydrolysis plus dehydrogenation 4F-MDMB-BINACA metabolites were recommended as urinary markers for 4F-MDMB-BINACA intake.
Aerosol transmission, an indispensable route of COVID-19 spread: case study of a department-store cluster
Authors: Jiang Guanyu , Wang Can , Song Lu , Wang Xing , Zhou Yangyang , Fei Chunnan , Liu He 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPatients with COVID-19 have revealed a massive outbreak around the world, leading to widespread concerns in global scope. Figuring out the transmission route of COVID-19 is necessary to control further spread. We analyzed the data of 43 patients in Baodi Department Store (China) to supplement the transmission route and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in a cluster outbreak. Incubation median was estimated to endure 5.95 days (2–13 days). Almost 76.3% of patients sought medical attention immediately uponillness onset. The median period ofillness onsetto hospitalization and confirmation were 3.96 days (0–14) and 5.58 days (1–21), respectively. Patients with different cluster case could demonstrate unique epidemiological characteristics due to the particularity of outbreak sites. SRAS-CoV-2 can be released into the surrounding air through patient’s respiratory tract activities, and can exist for a long time for long-distance transportation. SRAS-CoV-2 RNA can be detected in aerosol in different sites, including isolation ward, general ward, outdoor, toilet, hallway, and crowded public area. Environmental factors influencing were analyzed and indicated that the SARS-CoV-2 transportation in aerosol was dependent on temperature, air humidity, ventilation rate and inactivating chemicals (ozone) content. As for the infection route of case numbers 2 to 6, 10, 13, 16, 17, 18, 20 and 23, we believe that aerosol transmission played a significant role in analyzing their exposure history and environmental conditions in Baodi Department Store. Aerosol transmission could occur in some cluster cases when the environmental factors are suitable, and it is an indispensable route of COVID-19 spread.