bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Postnatal Echocardiographic Screening for Congenital
Heart Defects – a Prospective Cohort Study at a German University
Hospital
Authors: Haberkern Victoria Delphine , Kilarski Laura Luisa , Schaible Thomas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background Congenital heart defects (CHD) being the most common congenital
malformation, significantly impact mortality and morbidity in children and
adults. Early detection greatly improves treatment and prognosis. Routine pulse
oximetry screening and fetal echocardiography in Germany have advanced early CHD
diagnosis. However, a diagnostic gap persists, leaving some CHD cases
undetected, worsening prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate echocardiographic
screening in newborns at a German university hospital as well as to record
numerous potential risk factors in a database.
Patients and Methods This monocentric, prospective cohort study included
ostensibly healthy newborns delivered between 03/2015 and 04/2016.
Echocardiography was performed at an average age of 3.15 days, with follow-up by
a specialist within six weeks and by telephone interview in 2019.
Results Of 1006 newborns, 518 (51.49%) underwent echocardiography. CHD
were diagnosed in 7.14% (37/518) with the following frequencies: atrial septal
defect (ASD) (45.95%), ventricular septal defect (VSD) (35.14%), persistent
ductus arteriosus (PDA) (8.11%), coarctation of aorta (CoA) with ASD (2.70%),
quadricuspid aortic valve with VSD (2.70%), VSD with PDA (2.70%), and
significant tricuspid regurgitation (2.70%). Follow-up in 2019 showed resolution
of 31 CHD, while four patients continued regular cardiologist visits, with one
requiring urgent surgery for severe CoA.
Conclusion This study demonstrates that echocardiographic screening in
newborns can detect previously undiagnosed CHD, including critical cases.
Alterstraumatologie – die geriatrische Perspektive
Authors: Choudhury Amit 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Alterstraumatologie befasst sich mit der Behandlung von Verletzungen älterer
Menschen, die durch physiologische Veränderungen und chronische Erkrankungen
besonders gefährdet sind. Häufige Verletzungen wie Hüftfrakturen treten oft
infolge von Stürzen auf und führen zu schwerwiegenden gesundheitlichen Folgen,
einschließlich erhöhter Morbidität und Mortalität. Besondere geriatrische
Syndrome wie Frailty (Gebrechlichkeit), Delir und Polypharmazie stellen
zusätzliche Herausforderungen dar. Frailty erhöht das Risiko für Komplikationen
nach Verletzungen, während Delir, oft durch Krankenhausaufenthalte oder
Medikamente ausgelöst, die Genesung erheblich beeinträchtigen kann. Eine
gezielte Delirprävention ist daher essenziell, ebenso wie die frühzeitige
Mobilisation, die Komplikationen reduziert und die Rehabilitation unterstützt.
Die geriatrische Komplexbehandlung bietet einen interdisziplinären Ansatz, um
die vielfältigen gesundheitlichen Probleme älterer Patienten umfassend zu
behandeln. Dabei spielen Präventionsmaßnahmen wie Sturzabklärung und
Osteoporosebehandlung eine zentrale Rolle, um das Risiko weiterer Verletzungen
zu minimieren. Nach der Entlassung aus dem Krankenhaus ist eine strukturierte
poststationäre Versorgung entscheidend, um eine erfolgreiche Rehabilitation und
die Rückkehr in ein selbstständiges Leben zu ermöglichen. Hierbei sind
Rehabilitationsprogramme, Pflegekoordination und Unterstützung durch Angehörige
von großer Bedeutung.
Kinderpneumologische Aspekte bei der Betreuung von Kindern mit
neuromuskulären Erkrankungen am Beispiel der Muskeldystrophie Typ
Duchenne
Authors: Fuchs Hans , Gunst Lennart , Wendt Anke , Becker Sebastian , Grychtol Ruth Margarethe , Vlajnic Dejan , Aschmann-Muehlhans Dorit , Wuerfel Christiane , Steindor Mathis , Stehling Florian 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Muskeldystrophie Typ Duchenne ist die häufigste erbliche Muskelerkrankung im
Kindesalter. Neben der progredienten Einschränkung der Motorik und der kardialen
Beteiligung stehen die aus der Muskelschwäche resultierende restriktive
Lungenerkrankung und die Hustenschwäche im Vordergrund. Die spezifische
kinderpneumologische Therapie hat das Überleben und die Lebensqualität der
betroffenen Jungen maßgeblich verbessert. Zu den Aufgaben des Kinder-Pneumologen
gehören das Monitoring der Lungenfunktion, die Polysomnographie, der Beginn und
die Anpassung der nichtinvasiven oder invasiven nächtlichen Beatmung und die
Optimierung des Sekretmanagements. Aber auch die Komplettierung der Impfungen,
die Ernährungstherapie, die Behandlung interkurrierender Atemwegsinfektionen
sowie die Beratung und Schulung sind wichtige Aufgaben des Kinder-Pneumologen.
In diesem Beitrag werden die Aspekte der pneumologischen Behandlung von Kindern
mit neuromuskulären Erkrankungen am Beispiel der Muskeldystrophie Typ Duchenne
im Zusammenspiel mit den anderen Fachdisziplinen aufgezeigt.
Sakroiliitis in der MRT – welche Informationen benötigen
Radiologinnen und Radiologen und Rheumatologinnen und
Rheumatologen?
Authors: Deppe Dominik , Diekhoff Torsten 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungBildgebung spielt bei der der axialen Spondyloarthritis (axSpA) eine
Schlüsselrolle. Um eine präzise Diagnostik und der damit verbundenen Therapie zu
ermöglichen ist hier eine effektive interdisziplinäre Kommunikation zwischen der
Radiologie und Rheumatologie entscheidend. Dabei ist die Bereitstellung
wichtiger Informationen zur Patientendemographie (Alter, Geschlecht), zur
Anamnese (u. a. klinische axSpA-Features, Verdachtsdiagnose, Grund der
Bildgebung), zur Klinik (Schmerzanamnese inklusive entzündlicher Charakter) und
Labordaten (Entzündungsparameter, HLA-B27 Status) sowie eventuelle
Kontraindikationen für Bildgebung (beispielsweise Klaustrophobie) für die
Radiologie entscheidend, um eine gezielte Einordnung der Bildgebungsbefunde zu
ermöglichen und damit letztendlich einen für die Rheumatologie wertvollen
radiologischen Befund zu erstellen. Auf der anderen Seite soll der radiologische
Befund alle wichtigen Informationen enthalten die für die Diagnose entscheidend
sind. Dazu gehören die von der Rheumatologie bereitgestellten
Patienteninformationen, technische Details der Untersuchung sowie die
bedeutsamsten Bildgebungsbefunden. Zu diesen gehören das Knochenmarködem
(Osteitis), Erosionen und Fettmetaplasien. Daneben sollen auch weitere Läsionen,
die für oder gegen eine axSpA sprechen aufgeführt werden. Letztendlich sollen
die wichtigsten Befunde in einer zusammenfassenden Beurteilung gebündelt werden
und eine Einschätzung der bildgebenden Diagnose gegeben werden unter Angabe der
diagnostischen Sicherheit. So trägt eine effektive interdisziplinäre
Kommunikation zur optimalen Diagnosestellung und der damit verbunden Therapie
bei.
Neurovascular complications of antiphospholipid syndrome: a narrative review
Authors: Mendes George Nilton Nunes , Morais Alessandra Braga Cruz Guedes de , Gioia Laura Catherine , Jacquin Grégory , Poppe Alexandre Y. , Soga Felipe Hideki , Andrade João Brainer Clares de 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by thrombosis, pregnancy complications, and other nonthrombotic manifestations in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. Neurovascular complications, including ischemic stroke, cerebral venous thrombosis and cognitive impairment, pose significant challenges in management.
Objective To comprehensively review relevant and updated clinical aspects of neurovascular manifestations of APS.
Methods We conducted a narrative review using the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases with medical terms related to APS and its neurovascular manifestations. English-language studies, published between January 1, 2015, and March 2024, were included. Key publications outside this timeframe were also considered. Studies with higher levels of evidence, such as randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, were prioritized for inclusion.
Results Stroke is a prevalent complication in APS, with arterial thrombosis being a predominant mechanism. Despite recent trials, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have not shown superiority over vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for secondary prevention in this population. Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), although rare, can also occur in APS, and while DOACs have shown promise as a treatment in a general population, caution is warranted due to potential harm. Cognitive impairment affects a considerable proportion of APS patients, with thrombotic and nonthrombotic mechanisms contributing to its pathophysiology. Future research should focus on optimal management strategies for cognitive impairment and the efficacy of anticoagulation and immunosuppression.
Conclusion Understanding the complex interplay of neurovascular manifestations in APS is essential for guiding clinical decisions and improving patient outcomes. Despite advancements, some challenges remain in establishing effective preventive and treatment measures, highlighting the need for further research in this field.
‘Nonetheless biosocial’: experiences and embodied knowledge of birth cohort participants in the UK and Brazil
Authors: Mathers Rosie , Gibbon Sahra , Riley Taylor , Muniz Tatiane 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe relative expansion of biosocial research within the life sciences has generated substantial interest from social sciences, with epigenetic science and scientists the primary target of critical commentary. This has led to a narrow perspective on what the biosocial is and how it is being (re)constituted within scientific research, highlighting a need to engage diverse publics in this unfolding terrain of knowledge making. Whilst birth cohorts are often a central resource and primary context for emerging fields of biosocial and epigenetic research, how cohort participants perceive and understand ‘biosocial’ interactions in the context of their lifelong and intergenerational participation is less well known. Drawing on pilot study research with birth cohort participants in the UK and Brazil, we comparatively examine how, in the absence of explicit references to a biosocial exemplar of epigenetics, biosocial dynamics are nonetheless understood by participants in relation to (i) embodied experiences, (ii) intergenerational participation, and (iii) understandings of the knowledge the studies aim to produce. Attending to different understandings of biological and social dynamics in diverse publics helps diversify and broaden the conceptual and methodological tools used to engage in and understand what the biosocial is and how it is coming into being.
Comparing the impact of sexualised drug use with and without chemsex on sexual behaviours among men who have sex with men in China: a national multi-site cross-sectional study
Authors: Sun Jiajun , She Bingyang , Latt Phyu M. , Ong Jason J. , Xu Xianglong , Bao Yining , Fairley Christopher K. , Zhang Lin , Tang Weiming , Zhang Lei 
Published: December 2024

Background Sexualised drug use (SDU) is common in men who have sex with men (MSM). Chemsex, a form of psychoactive SDU, is a strong risk factor for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We investigated the associations of SDU and chemsex with the sexual behaviours in Chinese MSM. Methods From 23 March 2022 to 22 April 2022, we recruited participants (male, >18 years old) via WeChat across five Chinese cities to an online cross-sectional survey on sexual behaviour preferences, pre-exposure prophylaxis, SDU, and chemsex. One-way ANOVA and chi-squared tests were used to compare sexual behaviour patterns across the groups. Results We included the responses from 796 eligible participants, who were aged 18–70 years, and mostly single. Three groups of participants were identified, the largest was the ‘non-SDU group’ (71.7%), followed by the ‘SDU without chemsex’ group (19.7%), and the ‘chemsex’ group (8.5%). Poppers (8.4%) were the most used drugs in the ‘chemsex’ group. The ‘chemsex’ group also had the highest number of sexual partners, and reported the highest frequency of self-masturbation (38.2%). The ‘chemsex’ group also exhibited the highest Shannon diversity index value of 2.32 (P = 0.03), indicating a greater diversity of sexual acts. For sequential sex act pairs, the ‘chemsex’ group was more likely to self-masturbate than perform receptive oral sex, perform receptive oral sex than self-masturbate, being masturbated or perform receptive oral sex than being rimmed by another man. Conclusion Our findings identify the urgent need for targeted HIV/STI interventions for MSM who practice chemsex.
Density-Functional Theory of Quantum Droplets
Authors: Zhang 张 Fan 帆 , Yin 尹 Lan 澜 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In quantum droplets, the mean-field energy is comparable to the Lee-Huang-Yang (LHY) energy. In the Bogoliubov theory, the LHY energy of a quantum droplet has an imaginary part, which has been neglected in most studies for practical purposes. Thus far, most theoretical studies on quantum droplets have been based on the extended Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation, which includes the contribution of the LHY energy to the chemical potential. In this article, we present the density-functional theory of quantum droplets. In our approach, the quantum fluctuations in quantum droplets, as described by an effective action, generate a real correlation energy that can be determined consistently. Using density-functional theory, we calculated the energy, quantum depletion fraction, and excitations of the droplet. Our results for the ground-state energy and quantum depletion fractions were consistent with the Monte Carlo results. We also discuss the implications of our theory.
Ab initio study of multifunctional novel CsErZnM3(M = Se, Te) chalcogenides: potential materials for UV protection and energy harvesting
Authors: Khan Muhammad Salman , Gul Banat , Mohamed Abdelhay Salah , Aziz Siti Maisarah , Ahmad Hijaz , Abbas Faheem 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Novel quaternary chalcogenides show extraordinary thermal performance and adjustable optoelectronic properties. We employed the density functional theory to study the structural, spin-polarized electronic, optical, and thermoelectric nature of novel CsErZnM3 (M = Se, Te) quaternary chalcogenides. The calculated phonon dispersion curves, cohesive and formation energies provide indications supporting the stability of these materials. Additionally, the investigation of their band profiles reveals that these materials exhibit a band gap with a semiconductor nature. The high occurrence of Zn-s states indicates that Zn was involved in major bonding interactions. The substantial role of Se-p and Te-p states also suggests strong covalent interactions with Zn atoms, as well as with Er. The materials demonstrate potential as active UV-reflecting materials, evidenced by the distinctive peaks in their computed reflection spectra and suggesting their possible applications in UV protection technologies. These materials consistently display p-type conductivity as confirmed by their positive Seebeck coefficients. The combination of the presently studied properties including the stability, direct band gap nature, tunable optoelectronic behaviors, and exceptional thermal performance suggests that these quaternary chalcogenides can have substantial potential for numerous applications in materials science and engineering.
Design and SAR analysis of DGS based deformed microstrip antenna for ON/OFF body smart wearable IoT applications
Authors: Soni Gaurav Kumar , Yadav Dinesh , Kumar Ashok , Jain Prince , Rathi Amit 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article presents a defected ground structure (DGS)-based deformed microstrip wearable antenna for ON/OFF body smart wearable Internet of Things (IoT) applications.. The antenna design has certain features such as lightweight, cost-effectiveness, low profile, and flexibility. Fabricated using a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate with a thickness of 0.508 mm, the proposed antenna includes a deformed rectangular patch and DGS to enhance impedance matching and radiation performance at 2.45 GHz. The results show a low reflection coefficient of approximately −36 dB and a peak gain of 5.61 dBi at 2.45 GHz in a free-space environment without bending. Additionally, the specific absorption rate (SAR) is measured to be 0.249 W kg−1 for 1 g of tissue and 0.137 W kg−1 for 10 g of tissue when the antenna is placed 0.32λ
0 away from the body. The study also indicates that SAR values decrease as the distance between the antenna and the body increases. The antenna prototype has been fabricated and experimentally tested under various ON/OFF body conditions and bending scenarios. The measured results closely align with the simulated data, confirming the antenna suitability for ON/OFF body IoT applications. Noteworthy features of the proposed wearable antenna include its conformability and suitability for body-worn applications, making it an excellent candidate for ON/OFF body smart wearable IoT devices.
Investigation of exact solitons to the quartic Rosenau-Kawahara-Regularized-Long-Wave fluid model with fractional derivative and qualitative analysis
Authors: Qawaqneh Haitham , Manafian Jalil , Alsubaie Abdullah Saad , Ahmad Hijaz 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this research, the exact solitons to an important wave equation, namely, the quartic Rosenau-Kawahara-Regularized-Long-Wave (QRKRLW) equation are obtained along with an effective definition of fractional derivative, Truncated M-fractional. This model has much importance in fluid dynamics, shallow waves, and many others. For our this purpose, two effective schemes, the modified extended tanh function scheme and the improved

(
G
′
/
G
)
−

expansion scheme are utilized. As a consequence, various solutions of the exact solitons including, singular, singular-bright, periodic, dark, dark-bright, and others are obtained. To verify and to represent the solutions, we plotted the solutions through 2D, 3D, and contour plots using Mathematica tool. Additionally, the qualitative analysis in the concept of stability analysis and modulation instability analysis is performed for verifying the being exact and accurate solutions. At the end, the schemes are also useful for the other nonlinear models in various branches of sciences, and engineering.
Semi-empirical calculations of transition probabilities for atomic aluminium
Authors: Peyrusse Olivier , Hermann Jörg 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We discuss the use of a semi-empirical method to obtain the energy values of 391 energy levels and dipolar-electric radiative transition probabilities in neutral aluminium. A relativistic Hartree–Fock atomic structure code allowing superposition of configurations coupled with a least-square fit procedure has been used for this purpose. Einstein coefficients for spontaneous emission not yet tabulated by the NIST atomic spectra database are reported for several transitions.
Experimental investigation, modeling and optimization of wire EDM process parameters for machining AA2024-B4C self-lubricating composite
Authors: Kafaltiya Saurabh , Chauhan Sakshi , Singh V K , Verma Akarsh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are increasingly used across various manufacturing sectors, including automotive, defense, and aerospace, due to their exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, lightweight properties, high strength, and appreciable hardness when combined with suitable reinforcing materials. MMCs reinforced with carbide particles not only enhance the mechanical properties, but also exhibit self-lubricating characteristics, providing exceptional wear resistance. The self-lubricating properties of MMCs contribute significantly to minimizing the maintenance requirements, reducing operational costs, and advancing sustainability goals, rendering them indispensable for sectors such as aerospace, automotive, medical equipment, and energy. The present work addresses the challenges associated with machining advanced composite materials and proposes optimal machining parameters to overcome these difficulties. Here in the current investigation, aluminium alloy (AA2024) + 10 wt% B4C composite was selected as the workpiece material, and it was machined using a wire electric discharge machine. Response surface methodology was employed to develop predictive models for the output responses, namely surface roughness (R

a
) and material removal rate (MRR). The accuracy of the predictive models was found to be 98.78% for R

a
and 93.54% for MRR, demonstrating their reliability. To optimize the machining performance, both single-objective and multi-objective optimization approaches were used. Taguchi’s signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio analysis was applied for single-objective optimization, while Pareto optimal fronts generated using the genetic algorithm facilitated the multi-objective optimization to maximize MRR and minimize R

a
effectively.
Acoustic wave propagation in a porous medium saturated with two fluids and a solid
Authors: Liu 刘 Lin 琳 , Zhang 张 Xiu-Mei 秀梅 , Wang 王 Xiu-Ming 秀明 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Wave propagation in multi-phase porous media is a significant research topic. There are a series of studies about porous media saturated with a single fluid, a solid and a fluid, two fluids, and three fluids. Some gas hydrate-bearing sediments are typical multiphase porous media saturated with a solid (gas hydrates) and two fluids (water and gas). Based on existing theories of porous media, we develop a theory and give a comprehensive analysis of wave propagation in a poroelastic medium saturated with two fluids and a solid. Initially, we establish the constitutive relations and equations of motion. Based on Biot’s approach for describing the equations of motion in fluid-saturated porous media at the macroscale, the kinetic energy density, potential energy density, and dissipative energy density are derived. After deriving the equations of motion, a plane wave analysis predicts the existence of four compressional waves, denoted P1, P2, P3, and P4 waves, and two shear waves, denoted S1 and S2 waves. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate how velocities and attenuations of various waves behave with gas saturation, gas hydrate saturation, and frequency. A model degradation to porous media saturated with a single fluid supports the validity of the theory, which enriches the theory of multiphase porous media and provides a foundation for the evaluation of gas hydrate-bearing sediments.
Improved constraints on Higgs boson self-couplings with quartic and cubic power dependencies of the cross section*
Authors: Li 李 Hai Tao 海涛 , Si 司 Zong-Guo 宗国 , Wang 王 Jian 健 , Zhang 张 Xiao 晓 , Zhao 赵 Dan 丹 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Precise determination of the Higgs boson self-couplings is essential for understanding the mechanism underlying electroweak symmetry breaking. However, owing to the limited number of Higgs boson pair events at the LHC, only loose constraints have been established to date. Current constraints are based on the assumption that the cross section is a quadratic function of the trilinear Higgs self-coupling within the

framework. Incorporating higher-order quantum corrections from virtual Higgs bosons would significantly alter this functional form, introducing new quartic and cubic power dependencies on the trilinear Higgs self-coupling. To derive this new functional form, we propose a specialized renormalization procedure that tracks all Higgs self-couplings at each calculation step. Additionally, we introduce renormalization constants for coupling modifiers within the

framework to ensure the cancellation of all ultraviolet divergences. With new functional forms of the cross sections in both the gluon-gluon fusion and vector boson fusion channels, the upper limit of

set by the ATLAS (CMS) collaboration is reduced from 6.6 (6.49) to 5.4 (5.37). However, extracting a meaningful constraint on the quartic Higgs self-coupling

from Higgs boson pair production data remains challenging. We also present the invariant mass distributions of the Higgs boson pair at different values of the self-couplings, which could assist in setting optimal cuts for experimental analysis.