bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International assignments – extending an organizational value framework
Authors: Renshaw Phil St John , Parry Emma , Dickmann Michael 
Published: June 2020

PurposeThis study aims to present a framework relating to the organizational value of international assignments (IAs). This extends the existing framework by Lepaket al.(2007) and applies to other fields researching questions of value.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper that applies new thinking to the critical practical and theoretical issue of organizational value in global mobility (GM) and international business (IB) literature. The Lepaket al.(2007) framework is explained, used and extended to appraise the value of IAs to organizations.FindingsThe primary contribution is the establishment of a value framework within which future IA research can position itself, refining extant measures and thereby enabling greater cohesion in future studies. The secondary contribution, impacting beyond the field of GM, is the development of this framework, including the identification and discussion of value itself, the significance of organizational sub-levels, the extension of the definitions of isolating mechanisms and competition to explicate value capture, the importance of temporal analysis and the inclusion of value assessment.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is limited by its application to IAs at the organizational level only. However, the relationship with other levels is also explored. Research within different contexts or focusing on the other levels of value will increase the understanding of value.Practical implicationsDefinitions of the value of IAs are extended, and practitioner implications are discussed.Originality/valueA new framework for evaluating the organizational value of IAs and new definitions to enable this value to be assessed are produced.
One size doesn’t fit all: a uses and gratifications analysis of social media platforms
Authors: Pelletier Mark J. , Krallman Alexandra , Adams Frank G. , Hancock Tyler 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This research study aims to investigate consumer usage motivations for three of the top social media platforms today: Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Additionally, through understanding various platform distinctions, firms can understand which social media platforms consumers prefer to use to co-create with brands online.

Design/methodology/approach
An exploratory qualitative study is first conducted to understand consumer motivations for using different social media platforms. The main study tests five hypotheses related to consumer usage intentions and social media co-creation behavior across three social media platforms. A survey is conducted with 1,050 social media users with a comparison of mean responses using multivariate analysis of covariance.

Findings
Results support significant differences between platforms in terms of use and co-creation behaviors. For informational purposes, consumers gravitate toward Twitter. For social purposes, Twitter and Instagram are preferred. Instagram is the primary platform for entertainment motivation as well as co-creating with brands via social media. Surprisingly, Facebook shows the lowest usage intentions and co-creation despite being the largest platform and network most widely used by marketers.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the first studies to take a multi-platform approach to understanding consumer social media use and co-creation with brands. The results highlight that marketing academics and practitioners must segment the various social media platforms as each offers unique value propositions to consumers.
Evidence based social media use: an exploratory UK investigation into residents’ perceptions of police Facebook use
Authors: Cartwright Ashley , Shaw Chloe 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
Social media is an integral part of modern society and is used by billions of people worldwide. In a policing context, police services are starting to use social media platforms to interact with their communities. However, academic literature is lagging regarding the effectiveness of police use of social media. The purpose of this study is to gather public perceptions regarding the police’s use of social media particularly the use of Facebook.

Design/methodology/approach
The study administered a cross sectional survey recruiting participants who are policed by one of the larger police services in England and Wales. A total of 294 respondents completed the survey providing their views on their police service’s use of social media.

Findings
The results of the present study provide overwhelming support for the police’s use of social media by the public, with most respondents actively following their local police service’s social media accounts. The study additionally provides a number of important findings in relation to the preferences of the public with regards to their police service’s use of Facebook.

Practical implications
The findings presented here provide police services with an insight into how to implement an evidenced-based approach to their social media activity.

Originality/value
The present study takes an alternative approach to understanding the effectiveness of police social media use by simply asking residents, an approach not used in this area of policing research to date.
Implicit play or explicit cognitive behaviour therapy: The impact of intervention approaches to facilitate social skills development in adolescents
Authors: Goldingay Sophie , Stagnitti Karen , Robertson Narelle , Pepin Genevieve , Sheppard Loretta , Dean Belinda 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionEarly adolescence is a time of increased social interaction with peers. Social competence is related to pretend play ability in younger children, but a lack of pretend play ability in childhood may also be associated with social challenges in early adolescence. Adolescents who find social situations challenging experience alienation from peers resulting in lowered self‐regard. This paper presents an exploratory study comparing an Implicit group intervention (age‐appropriate play based group (PB)) to an Explicit group intervention Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) to increase social ability in adolescents.MethodsSix adolescents, three female and three male, were in the Implicit group (PB; mean age 12.3 years, SD = 1.21). Six male adolescents were in the Explicit group (CBT; mean age 13.3 years, SD = 1.03). All participants were assessed pre‐ and post the 8‐week intervention for social competence, cognitive flexibility and narrative ability. The Implicit group (PB) was assessed through an age appropriate play assessment. Seven participants had a formal diagnosis, including autism spectrum disorder, and all were in mainstream high schools.ResultsThe Explicit group (CBT) showed a medium effect for social engagement, total social skills, emotional engagement and a large effect for a decrease in flexible thinking. The Implicit group (PB) showed a large impact for narrative ability with increases in ability to sequence events, initiation and creation of plot, understanding character roles and total movie score, with medium effects for generation of problems, precise vocabulary and use of symbols. The Implicit group (PB) maintained cognitive flexibility, and decreased in social self‐scoring which showed medium effects for externalising and internalising.ConclusionThis paper contributes to evidence that the choice of social skills intervention impacts different skill sets. For neuro‐diverse adolescents, the cognitive intervention impacted social and emotional engagement and the play‐based intervention impacted a wider range of abilities related to narrative social interaction.
Did 1979 Make Much Difference? An Alternative View of Select Committee Reform in the 1970s and 1980s*
Authors: Aylett Philip 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn emphasis on the distinctive nature and effectiveness of the post‐1979 ‘departmental’ select committee system has tended to dominate the academic literature. This article demonstrates that, on the contrary, many of the most important elements of these changes in the parliamentary environment were already in place by the mid 1970s, and, in particular, that MPs were working effectively to challenge government on select committees well before the advent of the departmental committees. It therefore concludes, contrary to the impression given by conventional accounts of the development of select committees, that the 1979 changes should be seen largely as a sensible restructuring; they were not, as has been claimed, the key event in the advance of select committee scrutiny, but, instead, should be regarded as one step in a gradual process of reform and improvement that began in the mid 1960s.
Inferring extinction year using a Bayesian approach
Authors: Kodikara Saritha , Demirhan Haydar , Wang Yan , Solow Andrew , Stone Lewi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Species sighting records are combined with statistical models to infer whether an endangered species might have become extinct, or instead has just gone unobserved for a lengthy period of time. The challenging part of developing these models lies in dealing with uncertain sightings.

We propose a Bayesian hierarchical approach to infer the extinction time of a species based on historical sighting records which may be either certain or uncertain. The posterior distribution for extinction time is evaluated using the likelihood of sighting data and non‐informative priors for model parameters. All the models discussed in this paper are implemented in JAGS, a program for analysing Bayesian models using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation.

A general methodology is presented and then applied to the sighting record of the ivory‐billed woodpecker (IBW) Campephilus principalis. It was found that the IBW most likely went extinct between 1940 and 1945, a little after the date of the last certain sighting.

The methods developed were also applied to other species sighting records as well as some artificial sighting records. Through the results, it was found that the inferred time of extinction is significantly influenced by the last certain sighting if the sighting record consists of only certain sightings. In the presence of uncertain sightings, the inferred extinction time is influenced by either the last certain sighting or the time when the uncertain sighting rate drops.
Dung beetles of an Australian tropical savanna: Species composition, food preferences and responses to experimental fire regimes
Authors: Carvalho Raquel L. , Weir Tom , Vasconcelos Heraldo L. , Andersen Alan N. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDung beetles are an ecologically important group of insects globally, but the ecology of the Australian fauna is poorly known. Here, we report on the first ecological study of dung beetles in an Australian tropical savanna, documenting species composition, food preferences and responses to fire. Dung beetles were baited using dung from five types of vertebrates as well as mushrooms. We sampled at nine plots subject to experimental fire regimes (three replicates each of high fire severity, moderate fire severity and unburnt over 15 years) at the Territory Wildlife Park near Darwin. Our samples were comprised entirely of nine native species ofOnthophagus. Dog dung was the most attractive bait, recording all nine species and nearly 80% of all individuals, whereas no beetles were recorded at either wallaby or magpie‐goose dung. Dung beetle abundance was highest under high fire severity and was negatively correlated with the cover of woody vegetation, a result driven by the two most common species,O. minsiculusandO. nr. quadripunctulatus. Our results indicate thatOnthophagusis the dominant genus in dung‐beetle assemblages of monsoonal Australia, as it is in open habitats of the Australian wet tropics. All our species ofOnthophagusare relatively small (≤10 mm body length) and are ‘tunnellers’, storing dung and other food resources in tunnels dug immediately below the food source. Such an overwhelming dominance by small tunnellers does not occur in African savannas, reflecting the far lower availability of large mammalian dung in Australia.
The Case for Letting Anthropology Burn: Sociocultural Anthropology in 2019
Authors: Jobson Ryan Cecil 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTThis essay principally meditates on the scholarship published by sociocultural anthropologists in 2019. In 2019, the field of anthropology confronted anthropogenic climate change and authoritarian governance both as objects of scholarly inquiry and as existential threats to the reproduction of the discipline. Taking the 2018 American Anthropological Association meeting in San Jose as a point of departure, this essay posits the California wildfires as an immanent challenge to anthropological practice. Pace Mike Davis, the case for letting anthropology burn entails a call to abandon its liberal suppositions. As a discourse of moral perfectibility founded in histories of settler colonialism and chattel slavery, liberal humanism and its anthropological register of ethnographic sentimentalism proved insufficient to confront the existential threats of climate catastrophe and authoritarian retrenchment in 2019. The case for letting anthropology burn is fortified by efforts to unsettle the conceptual and methodological preoccupations of the discipline in service of political projects of repatriation, repair, and abolition. By abandoning the universal liberal subject as a stable foil for a renewed project of cultural critique, the field of anthropology cannot presume a coherent human subject as its point of departure but must adopt a radical humanism as its political horizon. [sociocultural anthropology, settler colonialism, afterlives of slavery, climate change, the human]
Health economic analysis of curative‐intent gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma and the costs related to post‐operative complications
Authors: Sivakumar Jonathan , Alnimri Feras , Johnson Mary A. , Ward Salena , Chong Lynn , Hii Michael W. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe management of post‐gastrectomy complications requires considerable resources and is likely associated with a substantial economic burden. The objectives of this study were to perform a cost analysis of admissions following gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma and then to quantify the financial impact of post‐operative complications.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted in patients that underwent a gastrectomy from 2008 to 2019. Demographic data, operative information, post‐operative complications and facility costs were compared.ResultsA total of 74 patients underwent a curative‐intent gastrectomy during the study period. The 36 (48.6%) patients that had no complications had a median total admission cost of AU$29 228. A total of 21 (28.4%) patients had a minor complication and 17 (23.0%) patients had a major complication, with a median total admission cost of AU$36 592 and AU$71 808, respectively. The difference across all three groups was statistically significant. In patients who had major complications compared to those without complications, there was a significant increase in the cost of intensive care services, theatre resources and nursing care. Across the whole cohort, the principal cost centres accounting for the largest proportion of total cost were theatre equipment and resources (33.9%), nursing care on the ward (23.0%) and staffing time of the surgical team (16.7%).ConclusionThe surgical management of gastric cancer carries a substantial cost burden. The presence and severity of post‐operative complications is strongly associated with increasing cost. Minimizing complications, in addition to obvious clinical benefits, enables a large reduction in costs of care.
Medical and conservative surgical management of bacterial sternoclavicular joint septic arthritis: a case series
Authors: Bayfield Nicholas G. R. , Wang Edward , Larbalestier Robert 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundSternoclavicular joint septic arthritis (SCJ SA) is a rare infectious disease process with reported life‐threatening complications such as mediastinal abscess and mediastinitis. The available literature reports variable success of medical management and a predominance of surgical management, with a 58% rate of surgical washout/debridement and high rates (47%) of resection of the SCJ and medial third of the clavicle.MethodsA retrospective case series of radiologically or microbiologically confirmed cases of bacterial SCJ SA at Fiona Stanley Hospital was analysed. Demographic data, investigations, management and outcomes were assessed.ResultsEleven cases of bacterial SCJ SA were identified. Eight cases were of primary SCJ SA, whilst three cases were secondary to haematogenous seeding. Recognized risk factors such as intravenous drug use, diabetes mellitus, trauma, smoking and immunosuppression were present. The most common complication was clavicular osteomyelitis (64%). Life‐threatening complications included mediastinal abscess and rapidly progressive necrotizing myositis. Nine patients (82%) were managed with primary medical therapy, with two patients failing antibiotic therapy and requiring joint washout. Two patients were taken for urgent washout on presentation. Four cases (36%) resulted in operative SCJ washout. There were no cases requiring resection of the SCJ or clavicle.ConclusionThis series suggests that SCJ SA can be primarily treated medically in the absence of life‐threatening complications. In addition, medical management may be sufficient for cases complicated by clavicular osteomyelitis. Need for surgical resection of the SCJ and medial third of the clavicle may be less than previously reported.
Quantification of aluminium release from Finn chambers under different in vitro test conditions of relevance for patch testing
Authors: Hedberg Yolanda S. , Wei Zheng , Matura Mihály 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundContact allergy to aluminium (Al) might pose a risk of false‐positive readings of patch‐test results when testing with Finn chambers.ObjectivesTo quantify the release of Al from empty Al Finn chambers, covered Finn Aqua chambers, and Al Finn chambers containing different baseline patch‐test substances.MethodsAl Finn chambers of different conditions and with different patch‐test substances were tested in artificial sweat and their Al release was analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry.ResultsThe amount of Al released from empty Finn chambers corresponded to a skin dose of 0.03%–0.5% Al chloride hexahydrate applied in plastic chambers. Although most patch‐test substances reduced the release of Al from the Finn chambers due to covering the surface, some substances significantly increased the release of Al from the Finn chambers, most notable for Caine mix II 10% pet., Myroxylon pereirae 25% pet., and sodium tetrachloropalladate hydrate 3.0% pet.ConclusionsThe release of Al from Finn chambers corresponds in some cases to clinically relevant concentrations of Al for Al‐sensitized individuals.
Impact of migration from an illicit drug scene on hospital outcomes among people who use illicit drugs in Vancouver, Canada
Authors: Beaulieu Tara , Hayashi Kanna , Dong Huiru , DeBeck Kora , Day Andrew , McKendry Rachael , Kaur Gaganpreet , Barrios Rolando , Milloy M.‐J. , Ti Lianping 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroduction and AimsPeople who use illicit drugs (PWUD) are vulnerable to an array of negative health outcomes, and increased hospital services utilisation. PWUD are also a transient population which poses challenges to the provision of optimal health care. The objective of this study was to identify out‐migration patterns from Vancouver's Downtown Eastside (DTES), a neighbourhood where services for PWUD are concentrated, and to estimate the impact of these patterns on hospitalisation events among PWUD.Design and MethodsData were collected through three prospective cohorts of PWUD in Vancouver, which were linked with health administrative data. Latent class growth analysis was used to define migration trajectory groups. Poisson regression was used to estimate the effect of migration patterns on hospitalisation events.ResultsA total of 1180 participants were included in the study. Four latent classes were identified: early migration out (243, 20.6%); frequent revisit (112, 9.5%); late migration out (219, 18.6%); and consistently living in the DTES (606, 51.4%). Compared with those who consistently lived in the DTES, participants in the early migration out group had lower hospitalisation events (adjusted rate ratio = 0.65; 95% confidence interval: 0.48–0.90).Discussion and ConclusionWe found that PWUD who migrated out of the DTES early had lower hospitalisation events compared to those who consistently lived in the DTES, which may be a function of lesser addiction severity among this trajectory group. These findings underscore a need to provide transitional health and social service supports for other trajectory groups in an effort to minimise hospitalisation for preventable causes.
Native bee communities vary across three prairie ecoregions due to land use, climate, sampling method and bee life history traits
Authors: Kohler Monica , Sturm Ashton , Sheffield Cory S. , Carlyle Cameron N. , Manson Jessamyn S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that many native bee species are in decline due to the cumulative effects of multiple human‐induced stressors such as habitat loss, pesticide exposure, pathogens, and climate change. These declines have raised interest in the status of native bees and in developing tools that support management of bee communities and the ecosystem services they deliver.
Native bees were surveyed using pan traps and netting over 2 years at 68 locations in croplands and rangelands across three ecological regions of Alberta's prairies – the Grassland, Parkland, and Boreal Natural Regions – to evaluate patterns in bee communities in response to disturbance and ecological gradients.
Bee community composition was different across land use and ecoregions. While several cavity‐nesting species had a strong association with rangelands, cavity‐nesting bees tended to be less common in croplands and may be more sensitive to loss of rangeland habitat.
Response patterns in overall bee abundance and richness were driven by interactions between region and land use, highlighting the need for regional studies to understand how bee communities respond to these factors.
This survey is one of the first to sample the response of bee communities to landscape disturbance across a broad spatial area of the Canadian prairies. Large‐scale compositional studies are essential for understanding the status of native bee communities, and for monitoring long‐term trends over time. We recommend subsequent coordinated surveys using standardised methods across broad spatial scales.