bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bispectral Index in predicting in‐hospital mortality in patients with ischemic stroke: A methodological study
Authors: Akgol Gur Sultan Tuna , Akbas Ilker , Kose Muhammed Zubeyir , Kocak Abdullah Osman , Eren Alper , Cakir Zeynep 
Published: February 2020

Background:Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and functional disability worldwide. Several clinical scores or stroke scales, biological test or markers, clinical signs, and radiological imaging have been performed to predict both worse neurologic outcome and mortality for ischemic stroke.Objectives:The aim of our study was to investigate the association between early Bispectral Index scores and in‐hospital mortality in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods:This is a comparative prospective methodological study, in which we evaluated the predictive accuracies of Bispectral Index, Glasgow Coma Scale, and Charlson Comorbidity Index for in‐hospital mortality of patients with ischemic stroke. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used for comparing the accuracy of the scoring systems, areas under receiver operating characteristic curves were calculated, and Youden J index was used for estimating associated cut‐off values.Results:Among the 80 ischemic stroke patients, in‐hospital mortality rate was 38.8% (n = 31). The areas under receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.984, 0.960, and 0.863 for Bispectral Index, Glasgow Coma Scale, and Charlson Comorbidity Index, respectively. The difference between areas under receiver operating characteristic curves for Bispectral Index and Glasgow Coma Scale was statistically similar. Besides, the difference between areas under receiver operating characteristic curves for Bispectral Index and Charlson Comorbidity Index, and the difference between areas under receiver operating characteristic curves for Glasgow Coma Scale and Charlson Comorbidity Index were statistically significant. The associated cut‐off values were ⩽74, ⩽12, and >4 for Bispectral Index, Glasgow Coma Scale, and Charlson Comorbidity Index, respectively. For these cut‐off points, sensitivity and specificity of Bispectral Index were 93.6% and 95.9%, sensitivity and specificity of Glasgow Coma Scale were 100.0% and 83.7%, and sensitivity and specificity of Charlson Comorbidity Index were 83.9% and 69.4%, respectively. However, accuracy of Bispectral Index was 95.0%, accuracy of Glasgow Coma Scale was 90.0%, and accuracy of Charlson Comorbidity Index was 75.0.Conclusion:Knowledge of the risk factors for mortality in patients with ischemic stroke can help to identify which patients have a higher risk of fatal outcome. The Bispectral Index score improved discrimination and classified patients with higher mortality better than both Glasgow Coma Scale and Charlson Comorbidity Index.
Effects of combined warmed preoperative forced-air and warmed perioperative intravenous fluids on maternal temperature during cesarean section: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Ni Ting-ting , Zhou Zhen-feng , He Bo , Zhou Qing-he 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Preventing the frequent perioperative hypothermia incidents that occur during elective caesarean deliveries would be beneficial. This trial aimed at evaluating the effect of preoperative forced-air warming alongside perioperative intravenous fluid warming in women undergoing cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia.

Methods
We randomly allocated 135 women undergoing elective cesarean deliveries to either the intervention group (preoperative forced-air and intravenous fluid warming, n = 69) or the control group (no active warming, n = 66). The primary outcome measure was the core temperature change between groups from baseline to the end of the surgical procedure. Secondary outcomes included thermal comfort scores, the incidences of shivering and hypothermia (< 36 °C), the core temperature on arrival at the post-anesthesia care unit, neonatal axillary temperature at birth, and Apgar scores.

Results
Two-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed significantly different core temperature changes (from the pre-spinal temperature to that at the end of the procedure) between groups (F = 13.022, P < 0.001). The thermal comfort scores were also higher in the intervention group than in the control group (F = 9.847, P = 0.002). The overall incidence of perioperative hypothermia was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (20.6% vs. 51.6%, P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Warming preoperative forced-air and perioperative intravenous fluids may prevent maternal hypothermia, reduce maternal shivering, and improve maternal thermal comfort for patients undergoing cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia.

Trial registration
The study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR1800019117) on October26, 2018.
Is Individualization of Sodium Bicarbonate Ingestion Based on Time to Peak Necessary?
Authors: FARIAS DE OLIVEIRA LUANA , SAUNDERS BRYAN , YAMAGUCHI GUILHERME , SWINTON PAUL , GIANNINI ARTIOLI GUILHERME 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To describe the reliability of blood bicarbonate pharmacokinetics in response to sodium bicarbonate (SB) supplementation across multiple occasions and assess, using putative thresholds, whether individual variation indicated a need for individualized ingestion timings.

Methods
Thirteen men (age 27 ± 5 yr; body mass [BM], 77.4 ± 10.5 kg; height, 1.75 ± 0.06 m) ingested 0.3 g·kg−1 BM SB in gelatine capsules on three occasions. One hour after a standardized meal, venous blood was obtained before and every 10 min after ingestion for 3 h, then every 20 min for a further hour. Time to peak (T
max), absolute peak (C
max), absolute peak change (∆C
max), and area under the curve were analyzed using mixed models, intraclass correlation coefficient, coefficient of variation and typical error. Individual variation in pharmacokinetic responses was assessed using Bayesian simulation with multilevel models with random intercepts.

Results
No significant differences between sessions were shown for blood bicarbonate regarding C
max, ∆C
max or area under the curve (P > 0.05), although T
max occurred earlier in SB2 (127 ± 36 min) than in SB1 (169 ± 54 min, P = 0.0088) and SB3 (159 ± 42 min, P = 0.05). Intraclass correlation coefficient, coefficient of variation, and typical error showed moderate to poor reliability. Bayesian modeling estimated that >80% of individuals from the population experience elevated blood bicarbonate levels above +5 mmol·L−1 between 75 and 240 min after ingestion, and between 90 and 225 min above +6 mmol·L−1.

Conclusions
Assessing SB supplementation using discrete values showed only moderate reliability at the group level, and poor reliability at the individual level, whereas T
max was not reproducible. However, when analyzed as modeled curves, a 0.3-g·kg−1 BM dose was shown to create a long-lasting window of ergogenic potential, challenging the notion that SB ingestion individualized to time-to-peak is a necessary strategy, at least when SB is ingested in capsules.
Outcomes of solitary dilated breast ducts in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients
Authors: Choudhery Sadia , Simmons Curtis , Woodard Genevieve A. , Bhatt Asha A. , Anderson Tara L. , Lee Christine U. 
Published: February 2020

Objective:
The purpose of this study is to assess the outcomes of symptomatic and asymptomatic solitary dilated ducts detected on mammography, ultrasound, and MRI.

Methods:
All cases of isolated solitary dilated ducts between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2016 in non-lactating females were reviewed. Clinical data, including patient’s age, breast cancer history, and pathology results were collected. Imaging was reviewed, and indication for the exam, breast density, maximum diameter of the dilated duct on ultrasound, presence of an intraductal mass, presence of intraductal vascularity, presence of intraductal echogenicity, and subareolar or peripheral location of the dilated duct were recorded.

Results:
87 cases of solitary dilated ducts were assessed in this study, of which 3 were malignant, resulting in a positive predictive value of 3.5% (3/87). No malignancy was identified in asymptomatic screening patients. The three malignant cases were seen in patients presenting with a palpable lump (n = 1) or bloody nipple discharge (n = 2). There was a statistically significant association observed between the dilated duct diameter (p = 0.049) and presence of intraductal vascularity (p = 0.0005) with presence of malignancy.

Conclusion:
Rate of malignancy is low in solitary dilated ducts, especially among asymptomatic patients. Patient’s presenting with clinical symptoms, larger dilated duct diameters, and/or intraductal vascularity may require additional evaluation including biopsy to exclude malignancy.

Advances in knowledge:
Clinical and imaging factors can assist in better identifying patients with solitary dilated ducts who should undergo biopsy.
Public-private partnership - socio-economic and innovative development of university clinics
Authors: Chopchik V. D. 
Published: February 2020

Objective: To substantiate the development of university clinics (UC) through innovative entrepreneurship based on the mechanism of public-private partnership (PPP). Materials and methods. The general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, integration, interpretation of scientific data, as well as systemic and structural-functional approaches. The information base of the study was the scientific works of domestic and foreign experts in innovation and PPP. Introduction. The unsatisfactory financing system for university clinics determines the existence the outdated material and technical base, lack of modern medical technologies, low level of staff remuneration, and lack of economic motivation to work in the staff. All this requires improving UC’s management. International experience accumulated over the past 25-30 years suggests that one of the main mechanisms for improving public health management is innovative entrepreneurship. The organization of PPPs as the main direction of development of medical faculties, ensuring the interaction of education, science and innovation, as a key element of state policy to stimulate the health sector, cooperation in the framework of the “knowledge triangle” can be traced to Norway example. Currently, one of the priority areas for the development of PPP mechanisms is the implementation of an economic policy for the accelerated development of innovative entrepreneurship. This is due both to the very nature of global competition, based on the advanced use of advanced innovations, and to the competition intensification between economic systems for development resources. Innovation is a driver of economic growth and a significant competitive advantage. Results. In the article presented the development of UCs focused on their innovative functioning as a high-tech medical sector and is consistent with their targeted program planning based on the complex relationship of three systems: the State, the UC and the scientific cooperation system (university). The economic component makes it necessary to introduce a new form of organizing the activities of the UC on the principles of PPP. Conclusions. In the article presented the process of UC development based on the principles of PPP is scrutinazed.
Évolution du divorce par la volonté unilatérale hors faute dans la législation française moderne: d’un divorce dur à un divorce assoupli
Authors: Alati Afrah 
Published: February 2020

Le divorce par une seule volonté unilatérale d’un époux, sans s’appuyer sur une faute quelconque imputable au conjoint défendeur, a connu une évolution considérable dans la législation française moderne. L’expérience française en l’espèce a révélé deux modèles qui reflètent à quel point le législateur français a fait évoluer sa philosophie législative à l’ égard de ce type de divorce. Dans un premier temps, le législateur de 1975 a intégré le divorce pour rupture de la vie commune. Ce type de divorce a été caractérisé par la dureté dans son mécanisme et la sanction par les effets. À côté des conditions strictes à réunir, le législateur, à l’ époque, a en plus imposé une clause de dureté pour mettre un frein au divorce et éviter l’automaticité de son prononcé. De plus, la loi a en quelque sorte sanctionné le demandeur de ce divorce en mettant tous les effets du divorce à sa charge. En revanche, trente ans après, le législateur de 2004 a présenté un autre modèle sous la forme du divorce pour altération définitive du lien conjugal. Dans ce modèle, le législateur a changé complètement son traitement législatif qui se caractérise par la souplesse dans le mécanisme de divorce et l’absence de sanction par les effets. Pour faciliter la demande de ce divorce, le législateur s’est concentré, d’une part, à atténuer les conditions exigées vis-à-vis de l’ancien divorce pour rupture de la vie commune et, d’autre part, sur la suppression de la clause de dureté. Plus encore, si l’ancien divorce pour rupture de la vie commune faisait peser systématiquement toutes les charges et conséquences du divorce sur le demandeur, la loi du 26 mai 2004 a choisi le contraire. Les effets du divorce, y compris celui pour altération définitive du lien conjugal, sont dorénavant soumis à un droit commun. En effet, ce divorce n’est plus un divorce assumé par une contrepartie.En somme, on est passé d’une culpabilité systématique à un droit au divorce décomplexé pour le demandeur de ce divorce et d’un divorce pour cause objective restreinte à un divorce pour cause objective plus libérale.
Defining Approaches To The Classification Of Criminal Procedure Policies Of EU Member States
Authors: Mykytyn Yu.I. 
Published: February 2020

This article analyzes the approaches to the classification of criminal procedural policiesof EU Member States. The basic variants of classifications of models (types) of criminal procedure policies of the EU Member States are investigated.
It is considered that in the context of defining approaches to the classification of criminal procedural policies of the Member States of the European Union, it would be optimal to simultaneously use the terms «model» and «type» of criminal procedural policy as universal synonymous categories, that reflecting both European and Ukrainian legal traditions.
Despite the tendency to unification and converge criminal procedural legislation of EU Member States on the basis of EU standards, criminal procedural policies in such countries have significant differences.
Belonging to a particular model (type) of criminal procedure policy is determined on the basis of the content of the legal system of a particular EU Member State and is conditioned by various factors.
First of all, there are two basic models (types) of criminal procedural policies of EU Member States at the global level: Anglo-Saxon and Continental (Romano-German). The Continental (Romano-German) model (type) of criminal procedure policy has the following types: French (Romance), German and Swedish (Scandinavian).
The German type (model) had the greatest influence on the formulation of criminal (type), the following subspecies are distinguished: Central and Eastern European, Baltic, Balkan.
The models (types) of criminal procedure policies of EU Member States can be classified on the basis of such a criterion as the form of the state. Thus, the form of state government can distinguish the constitutional monarchical model (type) of criminal procedural policy and the republican model (type) of criminal procedural policy. In turn, the republican model (type) of criminal procedural policy is of two types, semi-presidential and parliamentary. It should be emphasized that the EU Member States are not characterized by the presidential kind of the model (type) of republican criminal procedural policy. According to the form of the state system there are a unitary and a federal model (type) of criminal procedure policy. According to the form of state regime, all EU Member States belong to the democratic model (type) of criminal procedure policy.
One of the criteria for the classification of models (types) of criminal procedural policies is the methodology of codification of criminal procedural law. According to this criterion, it is possible to distinguish classical continental, Swedish (Scandinavian) and Anglo-Saxon model (type) of criminal procedure policy.
Some Issues Of The Criminological Characterization Of Female Aggressive Crime
Authors: Petechel O.Yu. 
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the study of one type of bulling - cyberbullying. The author analyzes the concepts and features of cyberbullying. The author individually distinguishes the features contributing to cyberbullying, in particular, the distance (there is no direct contact with the victim); anonymity (ability of the bully (aggressor) to protect himself from identification); prevalence (the ability to reach a large audience in the hiring process); support (the ability to involve an unlimited range of bullies in the hatching process); persistence (cyberbullying does not depend on the time and location of the bully (the aggressor) and his victim, no need for eye-to-eye contact); equality (absence of a bully (aggressor) need to take precedence in strength, social status, financial status, etc.).
Features of cyberbullying include changes in behavioral and emotional state during or after use of mobile phone or other Internet-access devices; hiding certain facts of one’s online communication; avoiding school or friendly meetings; occurrence of unmotivated anger at home, destructive relationships with parents or teachers; change in mood, behavior, sleep or appetite; desire to stop using one’s PC or mobile phone; avoid talking about one’s PC or mobile phone activity; impaired learning; suicide attempts. The article deals with the classification of types of cyberbullying, where the following are separately distinguished: trolling, happy-sloping, flamingos, attacks, slander, defamation, impersonalization, fraud, alienation, cyber-harassment, sexual assault.
The author identifies the reasons that contribute to the spread of this negative phenomenon. In addition, special attention is paid to the prevention of cyberbullying, where among the main are the education of cyber literacy, direct communication and interest in the life of the child, spending more time with the child, demonstrating the benefits of real communication over virtual.
Features Of “Non-Governmental Organizations” In The Sphere Of Counter Of Crime
Authors: Yatsyna M.O. 
Published: February 2020

Taking into account global trend that fight against crime and crime prevention can be successful only if we consolidate public authority’ and society’ efforts all together, the need of study of non-governmental organizations involvement in process of combating crime is necessary. Recent developments of civil society in Ukraine shows us the rise of role of non-governmental organizations in state affairs, and sphere of combating of crime is not an exception. At the same time, the term “non-governmental organizations” seems to be quite new for Ukraine’ criminological science, as well as for legal science of Ukraine in a whole. That is why the study of legal nature of non-governmental organizations give us the chance to conduct deeper research about their impact into decision-making proses and formation of different kinds of state policies, including policy in the field of combating crime in Ukraine.
Therefore, the article is devoted to highlighting the characteristic features of nongovernmental organizations. Seems reasonable to start conduct such a research via study based on a logical and meaningful analysis of the regulatory documents of the Council of Europe. Where features of the concept of “non-governmental organization” are disclosed. Later on the right disclosure of features of non-governmental organizations, makes it possible to distinguish them from other similar legal forms (civil society organization, non-profit organization, voluntary citizens’ group etc.). Taking into account the global trends and the development of criminological science, the importance of further research on non-governmental organizations in the field of counter of crime is noted. A vital part in further research belongs to formation of a separate definition of “non-governmental organization” in the theory of Ukrainian’ legal science.
Foreign Presence and Industrial Concentration In Indonesian Food Industries
Authors: Nauly Dahlia , Harianto Harianto , Hartoyo Sri , Novianti Tanti 
Published: February 2020

Indonesia requires foreign investment to meet the capital needs of the food industries. On the other hand, foreign presence can cause high industrial concentration. This paper analyzes the effect of foreign presence on the concentration of the food industry in Indonesia using panel data from 28 subsectors in the period 2011-2015. The data used is the annual Large and Medium Industries Survey (IBS) data from Statistics Indonesia. The concentration indicators used are the concentration ratio (CR4) and the Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI). By using panel regression, the result shows that foreign presence has a positive influence on the concentration of the food industry in Indonesia. Besides, the economies of scale and market size also significantly influence the concentration of the food industry. The result indicates that the government investment policy must endorse more competition among firms.JEL Classification Code: L66, L16 How to Cite:Nauly, D., Harianto., Hartoyo, S., & Novianti, T. (2020). Foreign Presence and Industrial Concentration in Indonesian Food Industry. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, Vol. 9(1), 69-80. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v9i1.12200.
Penerapan Metode Mau'izhah Hasanah dalam Meningkatkan Akhlak Anak Jalanan
Authors: Labibah Roihanah , Abidin Yusuf Zaenal , Khoyin Muhammad 
Published: February 2020

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kegiatan metode dakwah mau’izhah hasanah sebagai sarana yang diterapkan kepada anak jalanan. Secara lebih rinci tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui metode mau’izhah hasanah merupakan metode yang tepat digunakan antara metode hikmah dan metode dakwah mujadalah. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif yang melibatkan sumber data dengan seseorang yang mendirikan Komunitas Peduli Pendidikan Anak Jalanan (Koppaja), para relawan Koppaja, dan anak jalanan Koppaja di Kranji, Kota Bekasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan relawan Koppaja menggunakan metode mau’izhah hasanah dalam bentuk perilaku positif dalam kesehariannya. Mereka menasehati dengan kata-kata mendatar atau mudah dimengerti, kemudian menggunakan metode intruksi guna mengarahkan kedisiplinan dari segi di luar maupun di dalam Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar (KBM), dan metode kisah atau metode dengan bercerita untuk menjadikannya sebuah inspirasi anak jalanan.
The purpose of this paper is to know the activity mau’izhah hasanah of Da’wah method’s used by medium is applied to street children. The purpose of this research more detail is to find out the method of mau’izhah hasanah is the right method used between hikmah method’s and mujadalah method’s. The research method used descriptive method involving data source from someone who founded Komunitas Peduli Pendidikan Anak Jalanan (Koppaja), Koppaja volunteers, and street children of Koppaja in Kranji, Bekasi city. The results showed that Koppaja volunteers used the method of mau’izhah hasanah in the form of positive behavior in their daily lives. They advise with flat words or easy to understand, then use the method of intruction to direct discipline in terms of outside and inside the Teaching and Learning Activities, and the method of story or method by telling stories to make it a inspiring street children.