bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic Outcomes and Complications of Medial Column Correction in Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity Using A Titanium Wedge
Authors: Fraser Tyler W. , Doty Jesse F. , Kadakia Anish R. 
Published: November 2019

Category: Hindfoot, Midfoot/Forefoot, Flatfoot Introduction/Purpose: Forefoot varus is a common component of flatfoot deformity that is often surgically addressed. There are multiple options to plantarflex the medial column of the foot, with midfoot fusion and the Cotton osteotomy being the most common. This study analyzes radiographic outcomes and complications when a titanium wedge is used for structural support in a dorsal opening wedge Cotton osteotomy of the medial cuneiform. Methods: Between December 2016 and May 2018, 32 feet in 31 patients were treated with medial column titanium wedges for residual forefoot varus in association with flatfoot corrections. All participants had preoperative and weight-bearing postoperative radiographs examined for analysis of radiographic correction. The average age of the patients was 41.1 years (Range: 12-70). The average follow-up time for patients was 8.1 months (6-17 months). All patients underwent a six-month non-operative treatment course prior to operative intervention. The average time from the initial visit with the primary surgeon (JFD, ARK) to the day of surgical intervention was 211 days (29-1296 days). The choice to use a titanium wedge, versus an alternative method of correction of the medial column, was at the discretion of the primary surgeon (JFD, ARK). Results: A dorsal opening wedge medial cuneiform osteotomy was performed in all patients. All radiographic parameters showed statistically significant correction from preoperative to postoperative. All cases had multiple concomitant procedures performed to address the flatfoot deformity, so it is difficult to isolate the effect of the medial cuneiform osteotomy. 30/31 cases went on to successful union of the osteotomy within the study follow-up period. There were no instances of hardware pain requiring implant removal. There was 1 case of plantar gapping at the osteotomy site and implant loosening that required revision to a larger titanium wedge which healed uneventfully. No implants had supplemental fixation or additional bone graft placement at the osteotomy site. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this represents the first reported series on the use of structural titanium wedges with an opening wedge osteotomy of the medial cuneiform. There is limited data regarding the use of metal wedges for flatfoot correction. Nearly every patient in our series underwent concomitant procedures as part of the flatfoot reconstruction. This makes it difficult to isolate the effect of the deformity correction provided solely by the medial column correction. Our study suggests that metal wedges are both safe and effective for use in medial column correction, and future studies comparing titanium wedges to traditional techniques are needed.
Graft Collapse and Loss of Fixation in Lateral Column Lengthening
Authors: Freibott Christina E. , Shoap Seth C. , Evangelista Maria C. , Vosseller J. Turner , Greisberg Justin K. 
Published: November 2019

Category: Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Lateral Column lengthening through an osteotomy of the anterior process of the calcaneus is one of the most effective procedures for restoring arch alignment in the adult acquired flatfoot, without fusing essential joints. Despite remarkable radiographic corrections, previous studies have found persistent lateral hindfoot pain remains a challenge. In this study, we reviewed a large series of patients who underwent lateral column lengthening as part of flat foot reconstructive surgery, using either autograft or allograft. Rates of graft collapse and loss of fixation were determined with two different graft sources. Methods: After Institutional Review Board approval, all patients who underwent lateral column lengthening between 2002 and 2018 were reviewed for clinical and radiographic outcomes. Variables such as age, gender, diagnosis, type of bone graft, subsequent surgery, screw/hardware breakage, length of follow-up, time until weight bearing, and length of radiographic follow-up were recorded. Approximately half the patients had iliac crest allograft for the distraction, and the others had proximal tibial structural autograft. Results: 52 patients met inclusion criteria. The average age was 47±14 years (range 18-86), with 32 women (62%) and 20 men (38%). 25 (48%) patients had a second surgery, most often for hardware removal. Two patients had repair of a nonunion. Twenty- five percent of patients who had proximal tibial autograft had hardware breakage and some degree of graft collapse, whereas none had hardware breakage in the iliac crest allograft group (p<0.05). Twenty-one of the 36 patients in the proximal tibia autograft group underwent a second surgery for persistent lateral column pain, with removal of hardware and bone debridement, compared to only 4 in the allograft group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Proximal tibia autograft performed relatively poorly in this case series, with a higher rate of graft collapse and lateral column pain. The allograft group had less complications, but even in this group, the rate of revision surgery is higher than might be expected for foot surgery in general. Lateral column lengthening is a powerful procedure for restoring hindfoot alignment without sacrificing essential joints, but suffers from a relatively high rate of persistent lateral column pain (which usually is not present prior to surgery) and reoperation.
Increased Mac-2 binding protein glycan isomer in patients at risk for late nonrelapse mortality after HSCT
Authors: Akahoshi Yu , Nakasone Hideki , Kawamura Koji , Kusuda Machiko , Kawamura Shunto , Takeshita Junko , Yoshino Nozomu , Misaki Yukiko , Yoshimura Kazuki , Gomyo Ayumi , Tanihara Aki , Tamaki Masaharu , Kimura Shun-ichi , Kako Shinichi , Kanda Yoshinobu 
Published: November 2019

Key Points
M2BPGi is increased in patients with liver graft-versus-host disease, especially in those at high risk for late NRM after allogeneic HSCT. WFA+-M2BP–positive macrophages are found in liver graft-versus-host disease, supporting these cells as a responder of this glycoprotein.
WMGHMDA: a novel weighted meta-graph-based model for predicting human microbe-disease association on heterogeneous information network
Authors: Long Yahui , Luo Jiawei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAn increasing number of biological and clinical evidences have indicated that the microorganisms significantly get involved in the pathological mechanism of extensive varieties of complex human diseases. Inferring potential related microbes for diseases can not only promote disease prevention, diagnosis and treatment, but also provide valuable information for drug development. Considering that experimental methods are expensive and time-consuming, developing computational methods is an alternative choice. However, most of existing methods are biased towards well-characterized diseases and microbes. Furthermore, existing computational methods are limited in predicting potential microbes for new diseases.ResultsHere, we developed a novel computational model to predict potential human microbe-disease associations (MDAs) based on Weighted Meta-Graph (WMGHMDA). We first constructed a heterogeneous information network (HIN) by combining the integrated microbe similarity network, the integrated disease similarity network and the known microbe-disease bipartite network. And then, we implemented iteratively pre-designed Weighted Meta-Graph search algorithm on the HIN to uncover possible microbe-disease pairs by cumulating the contribution values of weighted meta-graphs to the pairs as their probability scores. Depending on contribution potential, we described the contribution degree of different types of meta-graphs to a microbe-disease pair with bias rating. Meta-graph with higher bias rating will be assigned greater weight value when calculating probability scores.ConclusionsThe experimental results showed that WMGHMDA outperformed some state-of-the-art methods with average AUCs of 0.9288, 0.9068 ±0.0031 in global leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) and 5-fold cross validation (5-fold CV), respectively. In the case studies, 9, 19, 37 and 10, 20, 45 out of top-10, 20, 50 candidate microbes were manually verified by previous reports for asthma and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), respectively. Furthermore, three common human diseases (Crohn’s disease, Liver cirrhosis, Type 1 diabetes) were adopted to demonstrate that WMGHMDA could be efficiently applied to make predictions for new diseases. In summary, WMGHMDA has a high potential in predicting microbe-disease associations.
Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling provide novel insights into fruit development and flesh coloration in Prunus mira Koehne, a special wild peach species
Authors: Ying Hong , Shi Jian , Zhang Shanshan , Pingcuo Gesang , Wang Shuo , Zhao Fan , Cui Yongning , Zeng Xiuli 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Flesh color is one of the most important traits for the commercial value of peach fruit. To unravel the underlying regulatory network in Prunus mira, we performed an integrated analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of 3 fruit types with various flesh pigmentations (milk-white, yellow and blood) at 3 developmental stages (pit-hardening, cell enlargement and fruit ripening).

Results
Transcriptome analysis showed that an intense transcriptional adjustment is required for the transition from the pit-hardening to the cell enlargement stage. In contrast, few genes were differentially expressed (DEGs) from the cell enlargement to the fruit ripening stage and importantly, the 3 fruits displayed diverse transcriptional activities, indicating that difference in fruit flesh pigmentations mainly occurred during the ripening stage. We further investigated the DEGs between pairs of fruit types during the ripening stage and identified 563 DEGs representing the ‘core transcriptome’ associated with major differentiations between the 3 fruit types, including flesh pigmentation. Meanwhile, we analyzed the metabolome, particularly, at the ripening stage and uncovered 40 differential metabolites (‘core metabolome’) between the 3 fruit types including 5 anthocyanins, which may be the key molecules associated with flesh coloration. Finally, we constructed the regulatory network depicting the interactions between anthocyanins and important transcripts involved in fruit flesh coloration.

Conclusions
The major metabolites and transcripts involved in fruit flesh coloration in P. mira were unraveled in this study providing valuable information which will undoubtedly assist in breeding towards improved fruit quality in peach.
Effect of vitamin D supplementation on assisted reproduction technology (ART) outcomes and underlying biological mechanisms: protocol of a randomized clinical controlled trial. The “supplementation of vitamin D and reproductive outcome” (SUNDRO) study
Authors: Paffoni Alessio , Somigliana Edgardo , Sarais Veronica , Ferrari Stefania , Reschini Marco , Makieva Sofia , Papaleo Enrico , Viganò Paola 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Vitamin D plays an important role in human physiology and pathology. The receptor for vitamin D regulates 0.5–5% of the human genome. Accordingly, vitamin D insufficiency has been shown to increase the risk of several diseases. In recent years, based on growing evidence, on a role of vitamin D has been also postulated in reproductive health both in animals and humans, especially in female fertility female fertility. In vitro fertilization success was shown to be higher in women with appropriate reserves of vitamin D. However a causal relation has not been demonstrated and randomized controlled trials testing the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation in IVF are warranted.

Methods
This is a multicenter randomized double blinded placebo controlled study aimed at determining the benefits of vitamin D [25(OH)D] supplementation in improving clinical pregnancy rate in women undergoing IVF. Eligible women with a serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] < 30 ng/ml will be randomized. Recruited women will be given the drug (either 600,000 IU of 25(OH) D or placebo in a single oral administration) at the time of randomization. Two centres will participate and the sample size (700 women) is foreseen to be equally distributed between the two. Patients will be treated according to standard IVF protocols.

Discussion
The primary aim of the study is the cumulative clinical pregnancy rate per oocyte retrieval. Clinical pregnancy is defined as the presence of at least one intrauterine gestational sac with viable foetus at first ultrasound assessment (3 weeks after a positive human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG] assessment). Secondary outcomes include: 1) clinical and embryological variables; 2) oocyte and endometrium quality at a molecular level. To investigate this latter aspect, samples of cumulus cells, follicular and endometrial fluids will be obtained from a subgroup of 50 age-matched good-prognosis cases and controls.

Trial registration
The protocol was included in EudraCT on 22nd September 2015 with the registration number assigned ‘2015-004233-27’; it was submitted through the database of the Italian “Osservatorio Nazionale della Sperimentazione Clinica (OsSC)” - (National Monitoring Centre of Clinical Trials) to the National Competent Authority on 8th March 2016 and approved on 23rd June 2016.
Stromal ColXα1 expression correlates with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and predicts adjuvant therapy outcome in ER-positive/HER2-positive breast cancer
Authors: Zhao Chaohui Lisa , Singh Kamaljeet , Brodsky Alexander S. , Lu Shaolei , Graves Theresa A. , Fenton Mary Anne , Yang Dongfang , Sturtevant Ashlee , Resnick Murray B. , Wang Yihong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe breast cancer microenvironment contributes to tumor progression and response to chemotherapy. Previously, we reported that increased stromal Type X collagen α1 (ColXα1) and low TILs correlated with poor pathologic response to neoadjuvant therapy in estrogen receptor and HER2-positive (ER+/HER2+) breast cancer. Here, we investigate the relationship of ColXα1 and long-term outcome of ER+/HER2+ breast cancer patients in an adjuvant setting.MethodsA total of 164 cases with at least 5-year follow-up were included. Immunohistochemistry for ColXα1 was performed on whole tumor sections. Associations between ColXα1expression, clinical pathological features, and outcomes were analyzed.ResultsColXα1 expression was directly proportional to the amount of tumor associated stroma (p = 0.024) and inversely proportional to TILs. Increased ColXα1 was significantly associated with shorter disease free survival and overall survival by univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, OS was lower in ColXα1 expressing (HR = 2.1; 95% CI = 1.2–3.9) tumors of older patients (> = 58 years) (HR = 5.3; 95% CI = 1.7–17) with higher stage (HR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.3–5.2). Similarly, DFS was lower in ColXα1 expressing (HR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.6–5.7) tumors of older patients (HR = 3.2; 95% CI = 1.3–7.8) with higher stage (HR = 2.7; 95% CI = 1.6–5.7) and low TILs. In low PR+ tumors, higher ColXα1 expression was associated with poorer prognosis.ConclusionColXα1 expression is associated with poor disease free survival and overall survival in ER+/HER2+ breast cancer. This study provides further support for the prognostic utility of ColXα1 as a breast cancer associated stromal factor that predicts response to chemotherapy.
Local walking and cycling by residents living near urban motorways: cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Powers Eleanor F. J. , Panter Jenna , Ogilvie David , Foley Louise 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Everyday activities, such as walking or cycling, may be a feasible and practical way to integrate physical activity into everyday life. Walking and cycling for transport or recreation in the area local to a person’s home may have additional benefits. However, urban planning tends to prioritise car use over active modes. We explored the cross-sectional association between living near an urban motorway and local walking and cycling.

Methods
In 2013, residents living in an area (a) near a new urban motorway (M74), (b) near a longstanding urban motorway (M8), or (c) without a motorway, in Glasgow, Scotland, were invited to complete postal surveys assessing local walking and cycling journeys and socio-demographic characteristics. Using adjusted regression models, we assessed the association between motorway proximity and self-reported local walking and cycling, as well as the count of types of destination accessed. We stratified our analyses according to study area.

Results
One thousand three hundred forty-three residents (57% female; mean age: 54 years; SD: 16 years) returned questionnaires. There was no overall association between living near an urban motorway and the likelihood of local walking or cycling, or the number of types of local destination accessed by foot or bicycle.
In stratified analyses, for those living in the area around the new M74 motorway, increasing residential proximity to the motorway was associated with lower likelihood of local recreational walking and cycling (OR 0.63, 95% CI: 0.39 to 1.00) a pattern not found in the area with the longstanding M8 motorway. In the area near the M8 motorway residential proximity was statistically significantly (p = 0.014) associated with a 12% decrease in the number of types of destination accessed, a pattern not found in the M74 study area.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that associations between living near a motorway and local walking and cycling behaviour may vary by the characteristics of the motorway, and by whether the behaviour is for travel or recreation. The lack of associations seen in the study area with no motorway suggests a threshold effect whereby beyond a certain distance from a motorway, additional distance makes no difference.
Factors associated with tuberculosis disease among children who are household contacts of tuberculosis cases in an urban setting in Malaysia
Authors: Azit Noor Atika , Ismail Aniza , Ahmad Norfazilah , Ismail Rohani , Ishak Shuhaily 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
With the rise in prevalence of childhood tuberculosis (TB) globally, contact tracing should be a powerful strategy for early diagnosis and management, especially in children who are household contacts of active TB cases. Here, we aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with TB disease in children who are household contacts of TB cases.

Methods
We used a cross-sectional study with data from the Malaysian TB Information System (TBIS) recorded from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2017. All children aged 0–14 years who were registered in the TBIS with at least one household contact of TB cases were included in the study. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (adj. OR) and for adjusting the confounding factors.

Results
A total of 2793 children were included in the study. The prevalence of active TB was 1.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31, 1.77%). Children aged < 5 years [adj. OR 9.48 (95% CI: 3.41, 26.36) p < 0.001] with positive tuberculin skin test [adj. OR 395.73 (95% CI: 134.17, 1167.13), p < 0.001] and investigation period of > 6 weeks [adj. OR 7.48 (95% CI: 2.88, 19.43), p < 0.001] had significantly higher odds for TB disease.

Conclusions
The prevalence of TB disease in children who were household contacts of TB cases is relatively low. However, contact tracing programmes should not only focus on children aged < 5 years and with positive tuberculin skin test results, but also be empowered to reduce the investigation period.
A longitudinal study assessing differences in causes of death among housed and homeless people diagnosed with HIV in San Francisco
Authors: Hessol Nancy A. , Eng Monica , Vu Annie , Pipkin Sharon , Hsu Ling C. , Scheer Susan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
San Francisco has implemented several programs addressing the needs of two large vulnerable populations: people living with HIV and those who are homeless. Assessment of these programs on health outcomes is paramount for reducing preventable deaths.

Methods
Individuals diagnosed with HIV/AIDS and reported to the San Francisco Department of Public Health HIV surveillance registry, ages 13 years or older, who resided in San Francisco at the time of diagnosis, and who died between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2016 were included in this longitudinal study. The primary independent variable was housing status, dichotomized as ever homeless since diagnosed with HIV, and the dependent variables were disease-specific causes of death, as noted on the death certificate. The Cochran-Armitage test measured changes in the mortality rates over time and unadjusted and adjusted Poisson regression models measured prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for causes of death.

Results
A total of 4158 deceased individuals were included in the analyses: the majority were male (87%), ages 40–59 years old at the time of death (64%), non-Hispanic White (60%), men who have sex with men (54%), had an AIDS diagnosis prior to death (87%), and San Francisco residents at the time of death (63%). Compared to those who were housed, those who were homeless were more likely to be younger at time of death, African American, have a history of injecting drugs, female or transgender, and were living below the poverty level (all p values < 0.0001). Among decedents who were SF residents at the time of death, there were declines in the proportion of deaths due to AIDS-defining conditions (p < 0.05) and increases in accidents, cardiomyopathy, heart disease, ischemic disease, non-AIDS cancers, and drug overdoses (p < 0.05). After adjustment, deaths due to mental disorders (aPR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.24, 2.14) were more likely and deaths due to non-AIDS cancers (aPR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.44, 0.89) were less likely among those experiencing homelessness.

Conclusions
Additional efforts are needed to improve mental health services to homeless people with HIV and prevent mental-health related mortality.
A longitudinal faculty development program: supporting a culture of teaching
Authors: Burgess Annette , Matar Elie , Neuen Brendon , Fox Greg J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Recent trends in faculty development demonstrate a shift from short term to long-term programs; formal to informal learning in the workplace; individual to group settings; and from individual support to institutional support. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a one-year Clinical Teaching Fellowship (CTF) program designed to equip early career medical practitioners and basic scientists with necessary skills to facilitate Team-based learning (TBL).

Methods
The CTF program provided formal training, a choice of informal professional development activities, and practical co-teaching opportunities in TBL. Of the 40 registrants, 31 (78%) completed the program. Data were collected via questionnaire and focus group. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and framework analysis.

Results
Participants considered the CTF program as relevant to their needs and useful to their career. Learning was enriched through the combination of training, practical teaching experience alongside senior clinical teachers, the multi-disciplinary context of training and co-teaching in TBLs; and the sense of community. Competing clinical responsibilities made it difficult to attend training and TBL teaching.

Conclusions
The CTF program provided a longitudinal faculty development framework promoting preparation, practice and development of teaching skills. Securing institutional support to invest in the growth and development of early career teachers is essential to sustained innovation and excellence in teaching.