bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes and Key Pathways in Neuropathic Pain by Spinal Nerve Ligation
Authors: Xu Chao , Li HuiFang , Zhang YunPeng , Liu TianYu , Feng Yi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Neuropathic pain can cause significant physical and economic burden to people, and there are no effective long-term treatment methods for this condition. We conducted a bioinformatics analysis of microarray data to identify related mechanisms to determine strategies for more effective treatments of neuropathic pain.Methods: GSE24982 and GSE63442 microarray datasets were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to analyze transcriptome differences of neuropathic pain in the dorsal root ganglions caused by spinal nerve ligation. We filtered the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the two datasets and Webgestalt was applied to conduct GeneOntology (GO) functional analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of the shared DEGs. String Database and Cytoscape software were used to construct the Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network to determine the hub genes, which were subsequently verified in the GSE30691 dataset. Finally, miRDB and miRWalk Databases were used to predict potential miRNA of the selected DEGs.Results: A total of 182 overlapped DEGs were found between GSE24982 and GSE63442 datasets. The GO functional analysis and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the selected DEGs were mainly enriched in infection, transmembrane transport of ion channels, and synaptic transmission. Combining the results of PPI analysis and the verification of the GSE30691 dataset, we identified seven hub genes related to neuropathic pain (Atf3, Aif1, Ctss, Gfap, Scg2, Jun, and Vgf). Predicted miRNA targeting each selected hub genes were identified.Conclusion: Seven hub genes related to the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain and potential targeting miRNA were identified, expanding understanding of the mechanism of neuropathic pain and facilitating treatment development.
Internet-based Cognitive-behavioral Writing Therapy for Reducing Posttraumatic Stress After Severe Sepsis in Patients and Their Spouses (REPAIR): Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial&nbsp;
Authors: Gawlytta Romina , Kesselmeier Miriam , Scherag André , Niemeyer Helen , Böttche Maria , Knaevelsrud Christine , Rosendahl Jenny 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a frequent long-term consequence of intensive care in both, patients and spouses, and there is a specific need of respective tailored intervention approaches. Aim of this trial was to investigate the efficacy, safety and applicability of internet-based cognitive-behavioral writing therapy (iCBT) for posttraumatic stress after intensive care for sepsis in patients and their spouses compared to a waitlist (WL) control group.Methods: In a randomized-controlled, parallel group, superiority trial we included patients after intensive care (>5 days) for sepsis and their spouses, if at least one of them had a presumptive PTSD diagnosis (PTSD Checklist [PCL-5] ≥ 33). Dyads were randomized 1:1 either to the iCBT (including two internet-based writing assignments per week over a 5-week period) or to the WL control group. Primary outcome was pre-post change in PTSD symptom severity score (measured via the PCL-5) in participants with a presumptive PTSD diagnosis from randomization to ~5 weeks later. Results: Twenty-five dyads were included representing 34 participants with presumptive PTSD diagnosis (patient and spouse: 9 dyads, patient only: 12, spouse only: 4). We did not observe evidence for a difference in the primary outcome for iCBT compared to WL in the confirmatory analysis according to the intention-to-treat principle. The mean difference in score point reductions between iCBT and WL was -0.96 (95% confidence interval, -5.88 to 3.97; p = 0.703), which was adjusted for pre-values of the PCL-5 in the generalized estimating equations model. No adverse events were reported. Participants confirmed the applicability of iCBT.Conclusions: We applied an iCBT to reduce PTSD symptoms after sepsis and intensive care, for the first time addressing both patients and their spouses. ICBT was applicable in the given population. We did not observe evidence for the efficacy of iCBT for the primary outcome of pre-post changes in PCL-5 PTSD symptom severity score. Due to the small sample size our trial should be regarded as a pilot study and findings remain preliminary. Nevertheless, our results can guide further research, which is needed to determine if modified approaches to post-intensive care PTSD may be more effective.Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00010676). Registered 14 June 2016, https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00010676
Fabrication of 3D-Printed Hygromorphs Based on Different Cellulosic Fillers
Authors: Langhansl Matthias , Dörrstein Jörg , Hornberger Peter , Zollfrank Cordt 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The aim of this work is to characterize the moisture-dependent actuation behavior of bioinspired and additively manufactured hygromorphs based by following deductive and inductive design approaches. Fused Filament Fabrication is employed to print bilayered structures consisting of swellable active layers and rigid passive layers. The active layer is composed of a polylactic acid matrix filled with different hygroscopic cellulosic materials up to a filler content of 50 m%. Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol-Copolymer is used for the passive layer. The Fused Filament Fabrication process allows the generation of desired differential swelling properties in the composites upon moisture absorption. The moisture dependent actuation strain of the printed bilayers was determined by video analyses. Some influencing geometrical factors that contribute to the actuation were deduced from x-ray diffraction and micro computed tomography. The investigation of the mean cellulose microfibril orientation on the surface of the active layer suggested a preferential orientation with respect to printing direction. Furthermore, a gradient of cellulosic material within a single printed layer was observed, which indicates fiber sedimentation. Comparison with a thermomechanical model shows that the computational prediction of the moisture dependent actuation is considerably accurate for most selected cellulosic materials and filler contents.
Path Analysis of Hospitalization Expenses of 2,164 Appendicitis Patients at County-Level Public Hospitals in Anhui Province, China
Authors: Xue Junjun , Wang Heng , Li Niannian , Ling Yuhuan , Qian Chen , Shen Chunhan , Gu Xinlong , Zhang Xue , Jiang Ping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and objectiveAppendicitis resection is one of the most common surgical procedures in China. Hospitalization expenses are a major determinant of appendicitis treatment. This study explored the factors influencing hospitalization expenses of appendicitis surgery patients in Anhui province and provided a scientific basis for reasonably controlling medical expenses.MethodsA multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to collect case information on 2,164 patients who underwent appendicitis surgery at 6 county-level public hospitals in Anhui province, China. Path analysis was used to study the factors influencing hospitalization expenses of appendicitis surgery patients.ResultsThe average length of stay (LOS) was 5.62 ± 2.64 days, with a median of 5 days; the average hospitalization expenses were 6,109.60 ± 2,109.44 CNY, with a median of 5,511.93 CNY. The direct effect of LOS was 0.535, which was the most important direct factor affecting hospitalization expenses, and the remaining path coefficient was 0.699. surgical grades, surgical methods, and chronic appendicitis directly affected hospitalization expenses, with direct effects of 0.149, 0.081, and -0.037; surgical costs, anesthesia costs, disease outcomes, age, acute simple appendicitis, and operative duration (OD) not only directly affected hospitalization expenses, but also indirectly affected hospitalization expenses through the LOS, and the total effects were 0.283, 0.045, 0.200, 0.202, -0.162, and 0.062, respectively. The total number of surgeons and assistants only indirectly affected the hospitalization expenses through the LOS, and the indirect effect was 0.020.ConclusionsThe LOS is the most important factor affecting hospitalization expenses. Controlling hospitalization expenses is an effective method of reducing the economic burden of patients undergoing appendicitis surgery and decreasing hospital medical expenditures. Based on controlling the average LOS, combined with other comprehensive measures such as decreasing the OD and health education, strengthening controllable factors, and effectively managing the unreasonable increase in hospitalization expenses.
Factors Affecting the health literacy Status of Patients with type 2 Diabetes through Demographic Variables: A Case Study from Iran
Authors: ziapour arash , Azar Farbod Ebadi Fard , Mahaki Behzad , Mansourian Morteza 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHealth literacy is the ability of a person to acquire the process, understand the necessary health information, and make the health services needed for conscious health decisions. Low levels of health literacy can impair the healthcare and treatment of chronic diseases such as diabetes. Besides, diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder that affects patients' quantity and quality of life. Health literacy means cognitive and social skills, with the motivation and ability to understand and use health information, helping individuals maintain and promote their good health. This study focused on determining the factors that affect the health literacy status of type 2 diabetes patients through the role of the demographic variables.MethodologyThis descriptive-analytical research survey recruited a sample based on 280 diabetic patients at the Diabetes Research Center of Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital in Kermanshah in 2020 through a cross-sectional study design. This study selected the diabetes patients using the technique of a simple random sampling and study applied the tools of demographic information questionnaire and the functional, communicative and critical health literacy scale (FCCHL) to collect data of diabetes patients. This study used the SPSS version-23 on the received data sets to perform statistical analysis, including t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression, to predict the factors affecting health literacy among diabetes patients.ResultsThe results showed the mean age of the participants 55.80±13.04 of diabetes patients. The mean and standard deviation of the health literacy score in diabetic patients indicated 2.70±0.44, respectively. The findings specify that there is a statistically significant relationship between health literacy, gender, education, occupation, income, and place of residence. The most robust predictors of health literacy are income variables (β=0.170), age (β=0.176), and employment (β=0.157).ConclusionThe results of this research study specified that the health literacy rate of individuals with diabetic type 2 is an average level. The potential communicative and critical health literacy influence essential for communication and education for diabetes patients in the settings of the primary health care system. The findings indicate that communicative and critical health literacy related to patients’ management and patients with functional health literacy looks passable in this study. The health information specialists need to recognize diabetes patients’ demographic variables according to their needs. Health professionals’ abilities to deliver health education resources seems critical, as it would improve health-related behavior by increasing literacy level.
Inhibition of lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1-3 deteriorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing oxidative stress
Authors: Choi Jong Hee , Oh Jinhee , Lee Min Jung , Cho Ik-Hyun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Lysophosphatidic acid receptors (LPARs) are G-protein-coupled receptors involved in many physiological functions in the central nervous system. However, the role of the LPARs in multiple sclerosis (MS) has not been clearly defined yet.
Methods

Here, we investigated the roles of LPARs in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptides-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS.
Results

Pre-inhibition with antagonists ameliorated behavioral symptoms of EAElo. Specifically, LPAR1-3 antagonist Ki16425 (intraperitoneal) deteriorated symptoms of EAElow associated with increased demyelination, chemokine expression, cellular infiltration, and immune cell activation (microglia and macrophage) in spinal cords of mice compared to the sham group. This LPAR1-3 antagonist also increased the infiltration of CD4+/IFN-γ+ (Th1) and CD4+/IL-17+ (Th17) cells into spinal cords of EAElow mice along with upregulated mRNA expression of IFN-γ and IL-17 and impaired BBB in the spinal cord. The underlying mechanism for negative effects of LPAR1-3 antagonist was associated with the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOX) 2 and NOX3. Interestingly, LPAR1/2 agonist 1-oleoyl-LPA (LPA 18:1) (intraperitoneal) ameliorated symptoms of EAEhigh and improved representative pathological features of spinal cords of EAEhigh mice.
Conclusions

Our findings strongly suggest that some agents that can stimulate LPARs might have potential therapeutic implications for autoimmune demyelinating diseases such as MS.
Complement 3 is A Potential Biomarker for Assessing Disease Activity in Takayasu Arteritis
Authors: Chen Rongyi , Ma Lingying , Lv Peng , Lin Jiang , Li Chaolun , Yan Yan , Jin Xuejuan , Dai Xiaomin , Ji Zongfei , Chen Huiyong , Ma Lili , Sun Ying , Jiang Lindi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background. Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare disease, lacking convenient and feasible biomarkers to identify disease activity. We aimed to evaluate the value of complements in distinguishing active TA. Methods. Consecutive patients were enrolled from the prospective East China TA cohort from April 2008 to June 2019. Patients were divided into two groups according to their baseline Kerr score. The value of complements and other biomarkers in identifying disease activity were analysed. An independent group of patients from July 2019 to December 2019 were employed to validate the results.Results. Of the enrolled 519 patients, 406 (72.2%) cases were identified as active disease. Higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and complement 3 (C3) levels were observed in the active group. Elevated C3 (≥1.085 g/L) had a high value to identify active TA with a sensitivity of 69.9%, specificity of 66.7% and AUC of 0.715. Combining the CRP (≥10.65 g/L; sensitivity, 50.7%; specificity, 82.4%) and C3, the sensitivity could be improved to 85.1% in parallel test and the specificity could be improved to 94.1% in serial test. Validation was further performed to confirm the value of C3 for disease activity assessment. The accuracy of the parallel test of CRP and C3 in external validation with independent 53 TA cases was 72.73% with the AUC of 0.721. Conclusion. Elevated C3 could effectively monitor the disease activity of TA, and C3 combining with CRP could further improve the disease activity evaluation.
Transcriptome-Wide Analyses Provide Insights into Development of the Hedychium Coronarium Flower, Revealing Potential Roles of PTL
Authors: Zhao Tong , Piñeyro-Nelson Alma , Yu Qianxia , Hu Xiaoying , Liu Huanfang , Liao Jingping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:The flower of Hedychium coronarium possesses highly specialized floral organs: a synsepalous calyx, petaloid staminodes and a labellum. The formation of these organs is controlled by two gene categories: floral organ identity genes and organ boundary genes, which may function individually or jointly during flower development. Although the floral organogenesis of H. coronarium has been studied at the morphological level, the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in its floral development still remain poorly understood. In addition, previous works analyzing the role of MADS-box genes in controlling floral organ specification in some Zingiberaceae did not address the molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of particular organ morphologies that emerge later in flower development, such as the synsepalous calyx formed through intercalary growth of adjacent sepals. Results:Here, we used comparative transcriptomics combined with Real-time quantitative PCR and mRNA in situ hybridization to investigate gene expression patterns of ABC-class genes in H. coronarium flowers, as well as the homolog of the organ boundary gene PETAL LOSS (HcPTL). qRT-PCR detection showed that HcAP3 and HcAG were expressed in both the petaloid staminode and the fertile stamen. mRNA in situ hybridization showed that HcPTL was expressed in developing meristems, including cincinnus primordia, floral primordia, common primordia and almost all new initiating floral organ primordia.Conclusions:Our studies found that stamen/petal identity or stamen fertility in H. coronarium was not necessarily correlated with the differential expression of HcAP3 and HcAG. We also found a novel spatio-temporal expression pattern for HcPTL mRNA, suggesting it may have evolved a lineage-specific role in the morphogenesis of the Hedychium flower. Our study provides a new transcriptome reference and a functional hypothesis regarding the role of a boundary gene in organ fusion that should be further addressed through phylogenetic analyzes of this gene, as well as functional studies.
Pathological Features of Reinnervated Skeletal Muscles Following Crush Injury of the Sciatic Nerve in Ob/ob Mice
Authors: Asano Takahiro , Tsujii Masaya , Iino Takahiro , Odake Kazuya , Sudo Akihiro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Obesity is a factor for insufficient improvement of motor function for peripheral nerve disorders. The aims of this study were to evaluate the skeletal muscles during denervation and re-innervation following nerve crush injury in ob/ob mice. Methods: Experiments were performed on the skeletal muscles of the hindlimbs in 20 male leptin-deficient (ob/ob) mice and control mice. Firstly, the characteristics of the gastrocnemius muscles in the mice were evaluated by histological analysis, immunohistological analysis, and Sircol-collagen assay after measurement of body weight and wet weight of the skeletal muscles and by walking tracking analysis. In the histological analysis, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide tetrazolium reductase (NADH-TR) staining, oil red O staining, and Picro-sirius red staining were performed to assess the type of myofibers, lipid accumulation, and collagen deposition, respectively. Then, the models for denervation and re-innervation were made by crushing the sciatic nerves with smooth forceps. The same assessments were performed on the skeletal muscles of nerve crush models.Results: The wet weight of the gastrocnemius muscles was significantly less in the ob/ob mice than the control mice, whereas body weight was significantly more. Histological analyses demonstrated a smaller cross-sectional area of type II fibers and increase of type I fiber grouping of the skeletal muscles in the ob/ob mice. In addition, there was excessive deposition of lipids and collagens between the myofibers. Following the nerve injury, the recovery of motor function was equal between both groups, while the cross-sectional area of type II fibers was significantly smaller in the ob/ob mice than the control mice at 4 weeks. Furthermore, the denervated muscles showed an increase in collagen deposition to the area of intermyofibers, which were predominant in the ob/ob mice after the nerve injury.Conclusions: The present study showed an increase of collagen deposition, delayed recovery of type II myofibers, and type I fiber grouping during denervation and re-innervation in the skeletal muscles of ob/ob mice. We suggest through these findings that the reduction of contractile force could be one of causes of insufficient improvement in peripheral nerve disorders of obese individuals.
Operationalizing Mobile Computer-assisted TB Screening and Diagnosis With Wellness on Wheels (WoW)) in Nigeria: Balancing Feasibility and Iterative Efficiency
Authors: Eneogu Rupert Amanze , Mitchell Ellen M.H , Ogbudebe Chidubem , Aboki Danjuma , Anyebe Victor , Dimkpa Chimezie B. , Egbule Daniel , Nsa Bassey , Grinten Emmy van der , Soyinka Festus , Abdur-Razzaq Hussein , Useni Sani , Lawanson Adebola , Onyemaechi Simeon , Ubochioma Emperor , Scholten Jerod , Verhoef Johan , Nwadike Peter , Nkem Chukwueme , Mustapha Gidado , Nongo Debby 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Wellness on Wheels (WoW) provided mobile systematic TB screening of high-risk populations combining digital chest radiography with computer-aided automated interpretation and chronic cough screening to identify beneficiaries of GeneXpert MTB/RIF testing in communities and prisons. We piloted and refined approaches in phased evaluations, recalibrating CAD4TB thresholds adjusting to balance TB yield and feasibility. Iterative data monitoring of screening volumes, risk mix, number needed to screen (NNS), number needed to test (NNT), sample loss, TB treatment initiation and HIV testing are required. Given pre-selection of highest risk individuals via an accurate screening test, inability to collect or test samples impacts yield and cost-per-case. Linkage to care and treatment outcomes improved overtime. Short conclusion: Mobile computer-assisted digital chest x-ray and chronic cough screening with GeneXpert MTB/RIF testing is feasible, acceptable, efficient and high-yield when highest risk groups are engaged, and operations evolve in response to monitoring data.