bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Concurrent affective and linguistic prosody with the same emotional valence elicits a late positive ERP response
Authors: Zora Hatice , Rudner Mary , Montell Magnusson Anna K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChange in linguistic prosody generates a mismatch negativity response (MMN), indicating neural representation of linguistic prosody, while change in affective prosody generates a positive response (P3a), reflecting its motivational salience. However, the neural response to concurrent affective and linguistic prosody is unknown. The present paper investigates the integration of these two prosodic features in the brain by examining the neural response to separate and concurrent processing by electroencephalography (EEG). A spoken pair of Swedish words—[ˈfɑ́ːsɛn] phase and [ˈfɑ̀ːsɛn] damn—that differed in emotional semantics due to linguistic prosody was presented to 16 subjects in an angry and neutral affective prosody using a passive auditory oddball paradigm. Acoustically matched pseudowords—[ˈvɑ́ːsɛm] and [ˈvɑ̀ːsɛm]—were used as controls. Following the constructionist concept of emotions, accentuating the conceptualization of emotions based on language, it was hypothesized that concurrent affective and linguistic prosody with the same valence—angry [ˈfɑ̀ːsɛn] damn—would elicit a unique late EEG signature, reflecting the temporal integration of affective voice with emotional semantics of prosodic origin. In accordance, linguistic prosody elicited an MMN at 300–350 ms, and affective prosody evoked a P3a at 350–400 ms, irrespective of semantics. Beyond these responses, concurrent affective and linguistic prosody evoked a late positive component (LPC) at 820–870 ms in frontal areas, indicating the conceptualization of affective prosody based on linguistic prosody. This study provides evidence that the brain does not only distinguish between these two functions of prosody but also integrates them based on language and experience.
Systematic Review: Acupuncture vs Standard Pharmacological Therapy for Migraine Prevention
Authors: Zhang Niushen , Houle Tim , Hindiyeh Nada , Aurora Sheena K. 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundStandard pharmacological treatment of migraine has many shortcomings. Acupuncture is becoming a more widely used therapy for the prevention and treatment of migraine, but its effectiveness is still in question when compared to the pharmacological treatments even though very few of these have Class A and B evidence for migraine prevention. This is a systematic review of data from existing randomized trials that compare the effectiveness of acupuncture treatment with conventional migraine preventative medications.MethodsCustom‐designed strategy was used for searching Pubmed (includes MEDLINE), Scopus (includes EMBASE). The inclusion criteria were English language and randomized trials. No date restriction was utilized. We included randomized trials and randomized controlled trials in adult patients that compared the clinical effects of acupuncture with a standard migraine preventive medication in patients with a diagnosis of chronic or episodic migraine with or without aura. We excluded letters and studies on acupuncture for headaches other than migraine. Two reviewers checked eligibility; extracted information on patients, interventions, methods, and results; and assessed the quality of the acupuncture intervention based on the American Academy of Neurology Classification of evidence matrix for therapeutic trials. The present review was not registered.ResultsOut of the 706 search results, 7 clinical trials, with a total of 1430 participants, met inclusion criteria for trials comparing the effectiveness of acupuncture to standard pharmacologic treatment. Several of the studies showed acupuncture to be more effective than standard pharmacological treatments for migraine prevention; however, methodological heterogeneity precluded aggregation of these data.ConclusionsThere is growing evidence that acupuncture is just as effective and has fewer side effects than many of the standard pharmaceutical agents that are currently used. However, the heterogeneity of the existing studies limits the effective comparison and analysis.
EFI region 8 Balkan external proficiency testing for HLA typing: Results of 15 years
Authors: Kekik Cinar Cigdem , Usta Akgul Sebahat , Temurhan Sonay , Senturk Ciftci Hayriye , Ogret Yeliz , Karahan Gonca Emel , Oguz Fatma Savran 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIstanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Medical Biology, as the first EFI‐accredited HLA laboratory in Turkey since 1999 has been organizing both national and international quality control tests for HLA typing under the banner of the “Balkan external proficiency testing (BEPT)” encompassing countries from EFI regions 8. The first round of BEPT in 2004 was organized for low‐resolution HLA‐A,‐B typing by molecular methods and 12 centres participated in the exercise. In 2005, low‐resolution HLA‐DR typing was added, and in 2007, low‐resolution HLA‐C and DQ typing were added to the exercise and 28 centres participated. In 2015, high‐resolution (four digits or higher typing) HLA‐A,‐B,‐C,‐DR and –DQ typing added to the exercise and 40 centres participated. In the last 2 years, 2017 and 2018, the number of participating centres increased to 48 and 52, respectively. When the distribution of low‐resolution typing methods applied in the exercises were investigated, it was found that 82% of the centres in the first round of BEPT in 2004 used PCR‐SSP, whereas in the last round in 2018, 26% of the centres preferred SSP, while the rest used SSO (50%) or SSP and SSO (24%) methods. Methods for high‐resolution typing were SBT (41%), NGS (18%), SSO (18%), SSP (6%), SBT + NGS (6%) and SBT + SSP (11%). In 15th trial for BEPT, nomenclature mistake rate was 12%, and erroneous result rate was 6% for HLA samples. The most common mistakes in the exercises were nomenclature mistakes. The EFI Standards Version 7.0 is stated "HLA type can be reported using a hyphen if homozygosity is not proven by family studies." In order to provide standard results among HLA laboratories and since accurate HLA typing leads to significant increase of graft and patient survival, quality control exercises should be performed in all HLA‐based tests periodically.
Using a supervised machine learning algorithm for detecting faking good in a personality self‐report
Authors: Calanna Pierpaolo , Lauriola Marco , Saggino Aristide , Tommasi Marco , Furlan Sarah 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe developed a supervised machine learning classifier to identify faking good by analyzing item response patterns of a Big Five personality self‐report. We used a between‐subject design, dividing participants (N = 548) into two groups and manipulated their faking behavior via instructions given prior to administering the self‐report. We implemented a simple classifier based on the Lie scale's cutoff score and several machine learning models fitted either to the personality scale scores or to the items response patterns. Results shown that the best machine learning classifier—based on the XGBoost algorithm and fitted to the item responses—was better at detecting faked profiles than the Lie scale classifier.
The effects of hypertension and diabetes on new‐onset chronic kidney disease: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Miao , Li Junjuan , Li Yao , Yao Siyu , Zhao Maoxiang , Wang Chi , Wu Shouling , Xue Hao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe study aimed to determine the different status of hypertension and diabetes on the risk of new‐onset chronic kidney disease (CKD) events in Kailuan Study. A total of 21 905 individuals were enrolled in the study. The new‐onset incidents of CKD, hypertension, and diabetes were collected in the follow‐ups. All the individuals were divided into five groups according to baseline and follow‐up hypertension and diabetes status: baseline hypertension (BH), baseline hypertension and incidence of diabetes (BHID), baseline diabetes (BD), baseline diabetes and incidence of hypertension (BDIH), and baseline hypertension and diabetes (BHD). The risk of new‐onset CKD of the five groups was calculated using the Cox regression analysis. In the median follow‐up of 7.05 ± 2.59 years, the prevalence of new‐onset CKD in the group of BH, BHID, BD, BDIH, and BHD were 27.1, 43.79, 25.4, 36.6, and 45.1 per 1000 years, respectively. When adjusted possible confounders, the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of new‐onset CKD were 1.50 (95% CI: 1.38‐1.63), 1.25(95% CI: 1.07‐1.47), and 1.52 (95% CI: 1.35‐1.7) in the group of BHID, BDIH, and BHD, respectively, as referred to the BH group (P < .001). No obvious difference was observed in the group of BH and BD for the incidence of new‐onset CKD. Sensitivity analysis still showed the similar results among the five groups. The study showed that the effect of simple hypertension or simple diabetes on new‐onset CKD was not significantly different, but the incidence of new‐onset hypertension or diabetes increased the risk of new‐onset CKD. Hypertension and diabetes had a synergistic influence on the risk of new‐onset CKD.
Assessing costs of a hypertension management program: An application of the HEARTS costing tool in a program planning workshop in Thailand
Authors: Husain Muhammad Jami , Allaire Benjamin T. , Hutchinson Brian , Ketgudee Lalida , Srisuthisak Sasamon , Yueayai Khanuengnij , Pisitpayat Nichakul , Nugent Rachel , Datta Biplab Kumar , Joseph Kristy T. , Kostova Deliana 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe HEARTS technical package, a part of the Global Hearts Initiative to improve cardiovascular health globally, is a strategic approach for cardiovascular disease prevention and control at the primary care level. To support the evaluation of costs associated with HEARTS program components, a costing tool was developed to evaluate the incremental cost of program implementation. This report documents an application of the HEARTS costing tool during a costing workshop prior to the initiation of a HEARTS pilot program in Thailand's Phothong District, 2019‐2020. During the workshop, a mock exercise was conducted to estimate the expected costs of the pilot study. The workshop application of the tool underscored its applicability to the HEARTS program planning process by identifying cost drivers associated with individual program elements. It further illustrated that by supporting disaggregation of costs into fixed and variable categories, the tool can inform the scalability of pilot projects to larger populations. Lessons learned during the initial development and application of the costing tool can inform future HEARTS evaluation efforts.
Phylogeographic and phenotypic outcomes of brown anole colonization across the Caribbean provide insight into the beginning stages of an adaptive radiation
Authors: Reynolds Robert Graham , Kolbe Jason J. , Glor Richard E. , López‐Darias Marta , Gómez Pourroy C. Verónica , Harrison Alexis S. , de Queiroz Kevin , Revell Liam J. , Losos Jonathan B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSome of the most important insights into the ecological and evolutionary processes of diversification and speciation have come from studies of island adaptive radiations, yet relatively little research has examined how these radiations initiate. We suggest thatAnolis sagreiis a candidate for understanding the origins of the CaribbeanAnolisadaptive radiation and how a colonizing anole species begins to undergo allopatric diversification, phenotypic divergence and, potentially, speciation. We undertook a genomic and morphological analysis of representative populations across the entire native range ofA. sagrei, finding that the species originated in the early Pliocene, with the deepest divergence occurring between western and eastern Cuba. Lineages from these two regions subsequently colonized the northern Caribbean. We find that at the broadest scale, populations colonizing areas with fewer closely related competitors tend to evolve larger body size and more lamellae on their toepads. This trend follows expectations for post‐colonization divergence from progenitors and convergence in allopatry, whereby populations freed from competition with close relatives evolve towards common morphological and ecological optima. Taken together, our results show a complex history of ancient and recent Cuban diaspora with populations on competitor‐poor islands evolving away from their ancestral Cuban populations regardless of their phylogenetic relationships, thus providing insight into the original diversification of colonist anoles at the beginning of the radiation. Our research also supplies an evolutionary framework for the many studies of this increasingly important species in ecological and evolutionary research.
Evaluation of downward movements of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica inhabiting brackish water areas
Authors: Wakiya Ryoshiro , Kaifu Kenzo , Azechi Kazuhisa , Tsukamoto Katsumi , Mochioka Noritaka 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the size and age distributions and otolith microchemistry of the Japanese eel Anguilla japonica in freshwater and brackish water areas in the Aki and Tsuchikawa rivers for 1 year, and in brackish water areas in the Asahi River for 3 years to understand the movements of Japanese eels between continental habitats of different salinity after recruitment (n = 759). For all three rivers, the total length (LT) and age distributions were consistent; yellow eels captured in the upper brackish water (Aki River: 353.5 ± 77.4 mm and 3.0 ± 0.8 years; Tsuchikawa River: 287.7 ± 87.3 mm and 3.7 ± 1.3 years; Asahi River: 418.2 ± 112.1 mm and 4.2 ± 1.7 years) were smaller and younger than not only those in the fresh water of the two rivers but also those in the lowest brackish water sampling areas (Aki River: 436.0 ± 71.6 mm and 3.8 ± 1.1 years; Tsuchikawa River: 370.9 ± 121.7 mm and 4.9 ± 2.3 years; Asahi River: 558.5 ± 85.9 mm and 5.7 ± 1.7 years). In the Asahi River, these tendencies were found throughout the 3 years. Otolith analysis indicated that the majority of the eels captured in the lowest brackish water areas had moved down from upstream. These results suggest that Japanese eels inhabiting saline water generally move from the upper estuary as they grow. The upper estuary can be an important area for the management of this species because these eels spend their early continental growth life there.
Cerebral atrophy in 21 hypotonic infants with severe vitamin B12 deficiency
Authors: Acıpayam Can , Güneş Hatice , Güngör Olcay , İpek Sevcan , Sarışık Nafiz , Demir Nurcan Ş 
Published: December 2019

AimNutritional B12 deficiency is a treatable cause of neurodevelopmental delay in infants. We report 21 infants with developmental regression and brain atrophy as revealed using cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), secondary to severe vitamin B12 deficiency.MethodsTwenty‐one infants aged 4–24 months with B12 deficiencies who were admitted to our clinic between May 2013 and May 2018 were included in the study. MRI, bone marrow aspiration and the Denver‐II Developmental Screening Test were performed in all infants.ResultsThe mean age of the infants was 12.3 months, and the mean B12 level was 70.15 ± 32.15 ng/L. Hypotonia and neurodevelopmental retardation, and anaemia were present in all patients. Their bone marrow examinations were compatible with megaloblastic anaemia. Twelve patients had microcephaly, seven had tremor and one patient died of severe sepsis. Almost all patients were fed with breast milk and their mothers were also malnourished. Nine (42.9%) of the patients were Turkish and 12 (57.1%) were Syrian. All patients had abnormal Denver‐II Developmental Screening Test scores. Most patients had severe cortical atrophy, cerebral effusion, thinning of the corpus callosum and delayed myelinisation in cranial MRI. Treatment with B12 resulted in dramatic improvement in general activity and appetite within 72 h. Tremors resolved in all cases.ConclusionNeurological findings and developmental delay related to nutritional B12 deficiency can be prevented without sequelae if diagnosed early. Screening and treating of mothers for this deficiency will contribute to the health of both the mother and their feeding infant.
Molecular structure and function of the carboxy‐terminus of the alpha‐toxin from Clostridium perfringens type A
Authors: Xu Chongli , She Yuhan , Lin Yimin , Xu Chongbo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn order to interpret the molecular structure and biological characteristics of Clostridium perfringens alpha‐toxin (CPA), the CPA251‐370 gene was cloned and the 120 amino acid carboxy terminal of CPA (CPA251‐370) was obtained. The secondary and three‐dimensional (3D) structures of CPA251‐370 were predicted. The secondary structure of CPA251‐370 consisted primarily of 35.48% β‐sheets and 44.35% random coils. Compared with the CPA toxin consisting of 10 α‐helices and eight β‐sheets, the 3D structure of CPA251‐370 only contained eight β‐sheets. The circular dichroism (CD) spectrum detection showed that the CD spectrum of CPA251‐370 changed slightly compared with the CD spectrum of CPA. Biological activity assays showed that CPA251‐370 had lost the phospholipase C (PLC) activity and haemolytic activity of CPA. More importantly, the mice immunized with CPA251‐370 were protected against a challenge with 1 MLD C. perfringens type A strain C57‐1. This study laid a solid foundation for explaining the relationship between molecular structure and biological characteristics of CPA in the future. Our research also provides CPA251‐370 as a candidate strains for genetic engineering subunit vaccines of C. perfringens type A.
Time use and sexual maturity−related indicators differentially predict youth body mass indices, Peruvian girls versus boys
Authors: Schott Whitney , Aurino Elisabetta , Penny Mary E. , Behrman Jere R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRapid development in Latin America has been accompanied by lifestyle shifts, including changes in time use and social environments. Overweight/obesity has also emerged as a public health challenge. We examined whether lifestyle changes and sexual maturity−related indicators (early pubertal development and having a child) predict increases in adiposity among Peruvian youth. Using longitudinal data from Young Lives, we examined changes in adiposity between ages 8 and 15 years old for the younger cohort and ages 15 and 22 years old for the older cohort. Boys and girls in both cohorts demonstrated substantial increases in age‐adjusted adiposity measures, but predictors were different for boys versus girls. For boys, increases in time spent in work and domestic chores predicted increases in adiposity body mass index and BMI‐for‐age Z‐score and increases in time spent sleeping were associated with decreases in adiposity (waist circumference and waist‐to‐height ratio). For girls, sexual maturity−related indicators (early menarche and childbearing) predicted increases in adiposity, regardless of time use. Potential mechanisms for these results may include diet, physical activity, wealth, and urban−rural residence. Time use among youth was associated with diet quality and physical activity, but in different ways for boys versus girls. Strategies for dealing with rising overweight and obesity should incorporate sex‐based specificities.
Accuracy of component‐resolved diagnostics in peanut allergy: Systematic literature review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nilsson Caroline , Berthold Malin , Mascialino Barbara , Orme Michelle E , Sjölander Sigrid , Hamilton Robert G 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundPeanut allergy diagnosis relies on clinical reactivity to peanut supported by detection of specific IgE (sIgE) antibodies. Extract‐based sIgE tests have low specificity, so component‐resolved diagnostics may complement whole‐extract testing.MethodsWe systematically collected peanut allergen component data in seven databases and studied the diagnostic accuracy of peanut storage proteins (Arah1, 2, 3) and cross‐reactive peanut proteins (Arah8 PR‐10 and Arah9 lipid transfer protein) through meta‐analyses. The systematic literature review included studies employing peanut components and oral food challenge (OFC) as reference standard in patients suspected of peanut allergy. Data for component sIgE at pre‐defined detection thresholds were extracted and combined in random‐effects bivariate meta‐analyses. Risk of bias was assessed as recommended by Cochrane, with two additional quality items of importance for this review.ResultsNineteen eligible studies presented data suitable for meta‐analysis. In cross‐sectional pediatric studies, the pooled sensitivity of Arah2‐sIgE at 0.35 kUA/L cutoff was 83.3% [95% CI 75.6, 88.9] and specificity in diagnosing objective peanut allergy was 83.6% [95% CI 77.4, 88.4]. Compared with 0.1 and 1.0 kUA/L, this threshold provided the best diagnostic accuracy. At 0.35 kUA/L, Arah1 and Arah3 had comparable specificity (86.0% and 88.0%, respectively) but significantly lower sensitivity compared with Arah2 (37.0% and 39.1%, respectively; P < .05).ConclusionsIgE to Arah2 can enhance the certainty of diagnosis and reduce the number of OFC necessary to rule out clinical peanut allergy in unclear cases.
Hyperspectral outcrop models for palaeoseismic studies
Authors: Kirsch Moritz , Lorenz Sandra , Zimmermann Robert , Andreani Louis , Tusa Laura , Pospiech Solveig , Jackisch Robert , Khodadadzadeh Mahdi , Ghamisi Pedram , Unger Gabriel , Hödl Philip , Gloaguen Richard , Middleton Maarit , Sutinen Raimo , Ojala Antti , Mattila Jussi , Nordbäck Nicklas , Palmu Jukka‐Pekka , Tiljander Mia , Ruskeeniemi Timo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe traditional study of palaeoseismic trenches, involving logging, stratigraphic and structural interpretation, can be time consuming and affected by biases and inaccuracies. To overcome these limitations, a new workflow is presented that integrates infrared hyperspectral and photogrammetric data to support field‐based palaeoseismic observations. As a case study, this method is applied on two palaeoseismic trenches excavated across a post‐glacial fault scarp in northern Finnish Lapland. The hyperspectral imagery (HSI) is geometrically and radiometrically corrected, processed using established image processing algorithms and machine learning approaches, and co‐registered to a structure‐from‐motion point cloud. HSI‐enhanced virtual outcrop models are a useful complement to palaeoseismic field studies as they not only provide an intuitive visualisation of the outcrop and a versatile data archive, but also enable an unbiased assessment of the mineralogical composition of lithologic units and a semi‐automatic delineation of contacts and deformational structures in a 3D virtual environment.