bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Putting Ethnohistory to Work: Jack Forbes and the Remaking of American Historical Consciousness
Authors: Smithers Gregory D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractJack Forbes enjoyed a prolific and influential career as an ethnohistorian and educator. His groundbreaking analysis of the Southwest borderlands and interdisciplinary studies of mixed-race histories endures, and his championing of Native-centered pedagogies is now seamlessly woven into curricula throughout North America. This article examines Forbes’s efforts to remake the American historical consciousness—what Forbes called the “conqueror consciousness”—by using ethnohistorical methodologies in his scholarship and teaching. The article outlines Forbes’s career, paying particular attention to his scholarship and curriculum reform efforts during the 1960s. Those years proved crucial in Forbes’s development as a scholar and teacher and in advancing the nascent field of ethnohistory.
Pakistan Papers
Authors: Karim Farhan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
As political questions behind Pakistan's emergence distilled themselves into aesthetic questions of how to represent a country without a past, the debate erupted through the spatial practices determining the form and architectural character of the nation's two capitols. President Ayub Khan's two ambitious urban projects—Islamabad, the new capital city of Pakistan and Ayub-Nagar (renamed Sher-e-Bangla Nagar), and a second capitol complex in East Pakistan—brought together local and foreign stakeholders with differing interpretations of the idea of “Pakistan.” A significant part of each project's documentation lies far from its site—with the University of Pennsylvania, in the personal papers of Louis Kahn, the US-based architect whose firm designed each. This collection—a vital resource to consider the expanded meaning of architecture, not as an end product, but as a process—emerges as a crucial body of evidence for the evolution of multiple narratives of the political idea of Pakistan. The design process, as documented in sketches, architectural drawings, reports, and correspondence, reflects the frictions created from unfulfilled expectations and the subsequent disillusionment of vested interest groups, shedding new light on constructions of the past and future in postindependence Pakistan.
Self-Determination between World and Nation
Authors: Dahl Adam 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Rejecting the rigid dichotomy between anticolonial nationalism and postnational solidarity, Adom Getachew's Worldmaking after Empire argues that anticolonial leaders in the Caribbean and Africa did not outright reject the nation-state in their quest for self-determination. Instead, they internationalized the nation-state through the construction of new constituted powers that linked national sovereignties together in global juridical, political, and economic bodies. This essay explores a neglected question in this account: What were the constituent powers—the underlying sources of authority —that corresponded to these new global institutions? What, in other words, was the constituency of self-determination? Focusing on C. L. R. James and W. E. B. Du Bois, Dahl shows how anticolonial constituencies are at once the referent and effect of claims for self-determination. For James and Du Bois, politically delineating the constituency of self-determination is central to the institutional project of securing nondomination against international hierarchies of empire and enslavement.
A novel mitosis-specific Cep215 domain interacts with Cep192 and phosphorylated Aurora A for organization of spindle poles
Authors: Kuriyama Ryoko , Fisher Cody R. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
The centrosome, which consists of centrioles and pericentriolar material (PCM), becomes mature and assembles mitotic spindles by increasing the number of microtubules (MTs) emanating from the PCM. Among the molecules involved in centrosome maturation, Cep192 and Aurora A (AurA, also known as AURKA) are primarily responsible for recruitment of γ-tubulin and MT nucleators, whereas pericentrin (PCNT) is required for PCM organization. However, the role of Cep215 (also known as CDK5RAP2) in centrosome maturation remains elusive. Cep215 possesses binding domains for γ-tubulin, PCNT and MT motors that transport acentrosomal MTs towards the centrosome. We identify a mitosis-specific centrosome-targeting domain of Cep215 (215N) that interacts with Cep192 and phosphorylated AurA (pAurA). Cep192 is essential for targeting 215N to centrosomes, and centrosomal localization of 215N and pAurA is mutually dependent. Cep215 has a relatively minor role in γ-tubulin recruitment to the mitotic centrosome. However, it has been shown previously that this protein is important for connecting mitotic centrosomes to spindle poles. Based on the results of rescue experiments using versions of Cep215 with different domain deletions, we conclude that Cep215 plays a role in maintaining the structural integrity of the spindle pole by providing a platform for the molecules involved in centrosome maturation.
Biological parameters of Luciobarbus callensis populates Beni-Haroun dam, north-eastern Algeria
Authors: Berrouk Houda , Sahtout Fatiha , Boualleg Chahinez 
Published: December 2020

The fish age and growth data mainly assist many ichthyologists to understand the life history features of species and population. The growth is a major process of fish biology, and considered as one of the key processes of length-structured models of fishes. Thus, the present study was devoted to studying the growth of an autochthonous species (Luciobarbus callensis), populating the dam of Beni-Haroun (Mila city, northeast Algeria), and is known by its socio-economic value and aquaculture interest. The study was conducted on a sampling of 257 fish individuals during the year 2015 – 2016. The age of Luciobarbus callensis was determined by using the described method or the scalimetry method, providing an easier sampling and reading procedures, and also a high precision. Fish sexes were identified via the observation of gonads, by naked eye based on gonad shape and color, where the number of females was higher (165) than males (92). The obtained results revealed a maximum longevity as seven years of Luciobarbus callensis, and the determined growth parameters of the separated and combined fish sexes were found to be as follow: L∞= 47,37 cm ; K= 0,29 ; t0= -0,51 ; Ø’= 2,813 (females); L∞= 42,11 cm ; K =0,26 ; t0= -0,58 ; Ø’= 2,663 (males); and L∞= 47 37 cm ; K= 0,20 ; t0= -0,75 ; Ø’ =2,652 (combined sex). Moreover, the evolution of the total weight of fishes with respect to their size presents a minor allometry (b<3), (with or without sex distinction).
Enhanced recovery programmes versus conventional care in bariatric surgery: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: Al-Rubeaan Khalid , Tong Cindy , Taylor Hannah , Miller Karl , Nguyen Phan Thanh Thao , Ridley Christian , Steeves Sara , Marsh William 
Published: December 2020

Background
With obesity prevalence projected to increase, the demand for bariatric surgery will consequently rise. Enhanced recovery programmes aim for improved recovery, earlier discharge, and more efficient use of resources following surgery. This systematic literature review aimed to evaluate the evidence available on the effects of enhanced recovery programmes after three common bariatric procedures: laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB).

Methods
MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library and the National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database were searched for studies published in 2012–2019 comparing outcomes with enhanced recovery programmes versus conventional care after bariatric surgery in Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Data were extracted and meta-analyses or descriptive analyses performed when appropriate using R.

Results
Of 1152 screened articles, seven relevant studies including 3592 patients were identified. Six reported outcomes for 1434 patients undergoing LRYGB; however, as only individual studies reported on LSG and OAGB these could not be included in the analyses. The meta-analysis revealed a significantly shorter mean duration of hospital-stay for LRYGB enhanced recovery programmes than conventional care (mean difference [95% CI]: -1.34 days [-2.01, -0.67]; p<0.0001), supported by sensitivity analysis excluding retrospective studies. Meta-analysis found no significant difference in 30-day readmission rate (risk ratio [95% CI]: 1.39 [0.84, 2.28]; p = 0.2010). Complication rates were inconsistently reported by Clavien-Dindo grade, but descriptive analysis showed generally higher low-grade rates for enhanced recovery programmes; the trend reversed for high-grade complications. Reoperation rates were rarely reported; no significant differences were seen.

Conclusion
These results support enhanced recovery programmes allowing shorter inpatient stay without significant differences in readmission rate following LRYGB, although complication and reoperation rate comparisons were inconclusive. Further research is needed to fill current data gaps including the lack of studies on LSG and OAGB.
Phase I trial of intracerebral convection-enhanced delivery of carboplatin for treatment of recurrent high-grade gliomas
Authors: Wang Joshua L. , Barth Rolf F. , Cavaliere Robert , Puduvalli Vinay K. , Giglio Pierre , Lonser Russell R. , Elder J. Bradley 
Published: December 2020

Background
Carboplatin is a potent cytoreductive agent for a variety of solid tumors. However, when delivered systemically, clinical efficacy for the treatment of high grade gliomas is poor due to limited penetration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Direct intracerebral (IC) convection-enhanced delivery (CED) of carboplatin has been used to bypass the BBB and successfully treat the F98 rat glioma. Based on these studies, we initiated a Phase I clinical trial.

Objective
This Phase I clinical trial was conducted to establish the maximum tolerated dose and define the toxicity profile of carboplatin delivered intracerebrally via convection enhanced delivery (CED) for patients with high grade glial neoplasms.

Methods
Cohorts of 3 patients with recurrent WHO grade III or IV gliomas were treated with escalating doses of CED carboplatin (1–4 μg in 54mL over 72 hours) delivered via catheters placed at the time of recurrent tumor resection. The primary outcome measure was determination of the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Secondary outcome measures included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and radiographic correlation.

Results
A total of 10 patients have completed treatment with infusion doses of carboplatin of 1μg, 2μg, and 4μg. The total planned volume of infusion was 54mL for each patient. All patients had previously received surgery and chemoradiation. Histology at treatment include GBM (n = 9) and anaplastic oligodendroglioma (n = 1). Median KPS was 90 (range, 70 to 100) at time of treatment. Median PFS and OS were 2.1 and 9.6 months after completion of CED, respectively. A single adverse event possibly related to treatment was noted (generalized seizure).

Conclusions
IC CED of carboplatin as a potential therapy for recurrent malignant glioma is feasible and safe at doses up to 4μg in 54mL over 72 hours. Further studies are needed to determine the maximum tolerated dose and potential efficacy.
Decomposition of changes in socioeconomic inequalities in catastrophic health expenditure in Kenya
Authors: Njagi Purity , Arsenijevic Jelena , Groot Wim 
Published: December 2020

Background
Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) is frequently used as an indicator of financial protection. CHE exists when health expenditure exceeds a certain threshold of household consumption. Although CHE is reported to have declined in Kenya, it is still unacceptably high and disproportionately affects the poor. This study examines the socioeconomic factors that contribute to inequalities in CHE as well as the change in these inequalities over time in Kenya.

Methods
We used data from the Kenya household health expenditure and utilisation (KHHEUS) surveys in 2007 and 2013. The concertation index was used to measure the socioeconomic inequalities in CHE. Using the Wagstaff (2003) approach, we decomposed the concentration index of CHE to assess the relative contribution of its determinants. We applied Oaxaca-type decomposition to assess the change in CHE inequalities over time and the factors that explain it.

Results
The findings show that while there was a decline in the incidence of CHE, inequalities in CHE increased from -0.271 to -0.376 and was disproportionately concentrated amongst the less well-off. Higher wealth quintiles and employed household heads positively contributed to the inequalities in CHE, suggesting that they disadvantaged the poor. The rise in CHE inequalities overtime was explained mainly by the changes in the elasticities of the household wealth status.

Conclusion
Inequalities in CHE are persistent in Kenya and are largely driven by the socioeconomic status of the households. This implies that the existing financial risk protection mechanisms have not been sufficient in cushioning the most vulnerable from the financial burden of healthcare payments. Understanding the factors that sustain inequalities in CHE is, therefore, paramount in shaping pro-poor interventions that not only protect the poor from financial hardship but also reduce overall socioeconomic inequalities. This underscores the fundamental need for a multi-sectoral approach to broadly address existing socioeconomic inequalities.
Estimating the impact of differential adherence on the comparative effectiveness of stool-based colorectal cancer screening using the CRC-AIM microsimulation model
Authors: Piscitello Andrew , Saoud Leila , Fendrick A. Mark , Borah Bijan J. , Hassmiller Lich Kristen , Matney Michael , Ozbay A. Burak , Parton Marcus , Limburg Paul J. 
Published: December 2020

Background
Real-world adherence to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening strategies is imperfect. The CRC-AIM microsimulation model was used to estimate the impact of imperfect adherence on the relative benefits and burdens of guideline-endorsed, stool-based screening strategies.

Methods
Predicted outcomes of multi-target stool DNA (mt-sDNA), fecal immunochemical tests (FIT), and high-sensitivity guaiac-based fecal occult blood tests (HSgFOBT) were simulated for 40-year-olds free of diagnosed CRC. For robustness, imperfect adherence was incorporated in multiple ways and with extensive sensitivity analysis. Analysis 1 assumed adherence from 0%-100%, in 10% increments. Analysis 2 longitudinally applied real-world first-round differential adherence rates (base-case imperfect rates = 40% annual FIT vs 34% annual HSgFOBT vs 70% triennial mt-sDNA). Analysis 3 randomly assigned individuals to receive 1, 5, or 9 lifetime (9 = 100% adherence) mt-sDNA tests and 1, 5, or 9 to 26 (26 = 100% adherence) FIT tests. Outcomes are reported per 1000 individuals compared with no screening.

Results
Each screening strategy decreased CRC incidence and mortality versus no screening. In individuals screened between ages 50–75 and adherence ranging from 10%a-100%, the life-years gained (LYG) for triennial mt-sDNA ranged from 133.1–300.0, for annual FIT from 96.3–318.1, and for annual HSgFOBT from 99.8–320.6. At base-case imperfect adherence rates, mt-sDNA resulted in 19.1% more LYG versus FIT, 25.4% more LYG versus HSgFOBT, and generally had preferable efficiency ratios while offering the most LYG. Completion of at least 21 FIT tests is needed to reach approximately the same LYG achieved with 9 mt-sDNA tests.

Conclusions
Adherence assumptions affect the conclusions of CRC screening microsimulations that are used to inform CRC screening guidelines. LYG from FIT and HSgFOBT are more sensitive to changes in adherence assumptions than mt-sDNA because they require more tests be completed for equivalent benefit. At imperfect adherence rates, mt-sDNA provides more LYG than FIT or HSgFOBT at an acceptable tradeoff in screening burden.
ENVERDECIMIENTO DE LAS CORTES LATINOAMERICANAS: ÚLTIMOS AVANCES JURISPRUDENCIALES
Authors: Peña Chacón Mario 
Published: December 2020

Es objeto de análisis del presente artículo, son las sentencias sobrecuestiones ambientales de las altas cortes de países como Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, México y Costa Rica. Las sentencias analizadas muestran las últimas tendencias de la Justicia Ecológica a nivel regional, entre ellas: el cambio en el paradigma jurídico que rige la relación hombre-naturaleza; el papel preponderante del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos y del derecho constitucional en la protección ambiental; la aplicación del enfoque basado en derechos y de ecologización de los derechos humanos; la correcta utilización de los principios clásicos del derecho ambiental, así como de los emergentes (in dubio pro natura, in dubio pro aqua y no regresión) y la flexibilización delos institutos procesales clásicos con el fin de adaptarlos a las necesidades y vicisitudes propias de la materia ambiental.
Impactos da Pandemia do Sars-Cov-2 no Comportamento de Crianças e Adolescentes / Impacts of the Sars-Cov-2 Pandemic on Children and Adolescents Behavior
Authors: Souza Patrícia Bezerra de , Santos Jéssica Benevides , Holanda Vilma Raquel Lima Ramalho de , Gondim Thaiza Milaynne Gomes de Sá , Dantas Teodoro Araújo , Sousa Milena Nunes Alves de 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Analisar os impactos do distanciamento social decorrentes da pandemia do novo coronavírus no comportamento de crianças e adolescentes. Método: Revisão Integrativa, realizada a partir das plataformas de busca U.S. National Library of Medicine and the National Institutes Health, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde Brasil e Scientific Electronic Library Online. Usaram-se os descritores pandemia, criança, adaptação psicológica, adolescente e saúde mental. Constituíram a amostra 17 publicações, conforme critérios de elegibilidade. Resultados: Houve falta de acesso a serviços de apoio e as crianças ficaram isoladas sem contato com os pares, indispensável ao processo de desenvolvimento neurológico e social. Aumentou-se o uso de mídias digitais e exposição a situações de violência, com grande potencial de gerar desregulação emocional e psicopatologias no grupo. Conclusão: O comportamento de crianças e adolescentes tem sido afetado de forma negativa. Houve acréscimo de transtornos emocionais/humor e comportamentais, do uso de tecnologias, alterações do sono, transtornos do estresse pós-traumático.
Utilização de Tratamentos Estéticos no Retardo do Envelhecimento Cutâneo: Revisão Integrativa / Use of Aesthetic Treatments to Delay Cutaneous Aging: Integrative Review
Authors: Novais Maíra de Jesus Araújo , Souza Érika Pereira de 
Published: December 2020

Resumo: O envelhecimento é um evento fisiológico constante, pois todos os mecanismos se desgastam ao passar dos anos e isso acomete principalmente em regiões mais expostas como a face. Nesse contexto, estratégias são adotadas e tratamentos podem ser usados para retardar ou minimizar as chamadas linhas de expressão. Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever os tipos de tratamentos estéticos que podem ser utilizados no retardo do envelhecimento cutâneo. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, baseado em artigos científicos no período de 2010 a 2020, realizado através das bases de dados virtuais: PUBMED, SCIELO, BVS-BIREME e LILACS. Os artigos analisados demonstraram que para o tratamento de rugas faciais e envelhecimento das mãos os procedimentos estéticos apresentaram resultados melhores do que em outros. Concluiu-se que os tratamentos mais utilizados no retardo do envelhecimento cutâneo são microagulhamento, microcorrentes, laser e radiofrequência, apesar dos bons resultados apresentados, os tratamentos devem ser contínuos e constantes.
importancia de la evaluación del desempeño individual: una revisión integradora
Authors: Borges Maciel Rodrigues , Cissé Ba Serigne Ababacar , Da Silva André Vasconcelos 
Published: December 2020

La investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las publicaciones sobre la importancia de la evaluación del desempeño individual en la gestión pública a partir de una revisión integradora. Para lograr este objetivo,es necesario comprender que la evaluación del desempeño no es solo una herramienta de control, sino una herramienta extremadamente importante para identificar el potencial de los individuos dentro de unaorganización, y una herramienta para medir las contribuciones individuales al logro de los objetivos. de la organización. El método utilizado se refiere a una revisión integradora de las bases de datos CAPES, ENAP,SCIELO, SCOPUS y ANPAD, con la adopción de los términos «evaluación del desempeño individual» y «gestión pública». Después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se identificaron 19 estudios que abordaron el tema de la importancia de la evaluación del desempeño en la gestión pública. Por lo tanto, el estudio de la evaluación del desempeño en la gestión pública ha mostrado poca investigación y no muestra una tendencia de crecimiento.
Investigation of the psychomotor development levels of girls and boys in the 8 and 9 age groups according to the TGMD-II Test
Authors: Çalışkan Osman , Süel Emin 
Published: December 2020

The study aimed to examine the motor development levels of girls and boys in the age group of eight and nine. A total of 120, 3rd and 4th grades students, 60 (30 girls-30 boys) in the eight-year-old age and 60 (30 girls-30 boys) in the nine-year-old age participated to the study. Test of Gross Motor Development-II (TGMD-II) used a measurement method for basic motor skills. SPSS 20 statistical program was used to analyses of the obtained data. In terms of TGMD-II locomotor sub-test scores, object control sub-test scores and TGMD-II total scores, it was determined that the scores of boys and girls in the age group of 9 were significantly higher than the scores of girls and boys in the 8-year-old group (p <0.05). By applying the TGMD-II test, which is widely used in scientific studies, it was aimed to contribute to the formation of norms for Turkish children on the one hand, and to observe basic motor characteristics among students depending on gender and age.
​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.
Özet
Bu çalışmanın amacı; sekiz ve dokuz yaş grubu kız ve erkek çocukların motor gelişim düzeylerinin araştırılmasıdır. Araştırmaya 3.ve 4. Sınıflarda okuyan sekiz yaş grubunda 60 (30 kız-30 erkek), dokuz yaş grubunda 60 (30 kız-30 erkek) olmak üzere 120 öğrenci örneklem olarak katılmıştır. TGMD-II (Kaba Motor Gelişim Testi-II) ölçüm yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 20 istatistik program kullanılmıştır. Test sonuçlarında; TGMD-II lokomotor alt test puanları, obje kontrol alt test puanları ve TGMD-II toplam puanları karşılaştırılmıştır. 9 yaş grubunda kız ve erkek çocukların puanları 8 yaş grubu kız ve erkek çocukların puanlarından anlamlı bir şekilde yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Bilimsel çalışmalarda yaygın olarak kullanılan TGMD-II testi uygulanarak bir yandan Türk çocukları için normların oluşmasına katkı sağlanırken, diğer yandan öğrenciler arasında cinsiyete ve yaşa bağlı olarak temel motor özellikler gözlenebilecektir.
IDENTIFICATION OF RAINFALL DISTRIBUTION IN WEST SUMATERA AND ASSESSMENT OF ITS PARAMETERS USING BAYES METHOD
Authors: Yanuar Ferra , Sari Putri Trisna , Asdi Yudiantri 
Published: December 2020

One distribution of rainfall data is a lognormal distribution with location parameters and scale parameters . This study aims to estimate the mean and variance of rainfall data in several selected cities and regencies in West Sumatra. Parameter estimation is estimated by using maximum likelihood estimation (direct method) and Bayes method. This study resulted that the Bayes method produces a better predictive value with a smaller variance value than with direct estimation. It was concluded that the estimation by the Bayes method was a better estimator method than the direct estimation.