bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utility of triple tumor markers CA19-9, CA125 and CEA in predicting advanced stage of carcinoma gallbladder: a retrospective study
Authors: Kumar Navin , Rajput Deepak , Gupta Amit , Popuri Varun , Kundal Ashikesh , Sharma Jyoti , Puliyath Nisanth , Shasheendran Sruthi 
Published: July 2020

Background: A combination of serum tumor markers are used in the evaluation and prognosis of carcinoma gallbladder (GBC). Aim of the study was to find the significance of combined use of CA19-9, CA125 and CEA in advanced stage of GBC and to find the cut-off value of each of these tumor markers in metastatic GBC. Methods: This was a retrospective observational cohort study over 1 year, which was carried out in 42 cases of advanced GBC. The patients were grouped in to locally advanced and metastatic stage on the basis of CECT scan findings. CA19-9, CA125 and CEA were assayed in all patients. These tumor markers were analysed with these two groups of GBCs. Statistical analysis was performed using R statistical software v3.6.2.Results: Out of 42 cases CA19-9 was elevated in 18 (78%), CA125 in 16 (70%) and CEA in 9 (39%) patients with metastatic disease. The cut-off value of CA19-9, CA125 and CEA was determined by ROC curve were >109 U/ml, 55.4 U/ml and 2.56 μg/l respectively. CA19-9 had the highest sensitivity 78.3% followed by CA125 69.6% and CEA has the highest specificity 68.4% for the diagnosis of metastatic stage of the disease. Specificity of these tumor markers were highest when used in combination.Conclusions: Combined use of triple tumor markers increases its specificity in the diagnosis of advanced stage of GBC but their cut-off level is statistically not significant in predicting metastatic GBC.
Saber por experimentar: Biografía de “La poesía gauchesca” (1931-1957) de Jorge Luis Borges
Authors: Bohnhoff Leandro Jorge 
Published: July 2020

Este artículo se propone indagar sobre los procedimientos ensayísticos de “La poesía gauchesca” de Jorge Luis Borges, haciendo hincapié en la lectura del ensayo como forma, el problema de los comienzos y los avatares del proceso de escritura. Se recurrió a los trabajos de Alberto Giordano (2005, 2015, 2017), Julio Premat (2012) y Annick Louis (2014) como marco teórico para problematizar las cuestiones mencionadas. Además, se realizó una lectura comparada de las diversas versiones que finalmente terminaron por conformar el ensayo tal como lo conocemos actualmente. Entre los numerosos cambios que arrojó la lectura comparada, el reemplazo de la palabra “saber” por “experimentar” es de crucial importancia en tanto
pone en sintonía la práctica borgeana con ciertos aportes de la teoría literaria de la segunda mitad del S. XX.Con la finalidad estipulada y mediante los aportes teóricos apelados, se llegó a la conclusión de que la desestabilización de la noción de origen resulta muy productiva para poner en relieve las maniobras ensayísticas borgeanas desarrolladas a lo largo del artículo y resumidas en el apartado final.
Refusal and Politeness Strategies of Malay Speakers of English As A Second Language
Authors: Saad Norma , Bidin Siti Jamilah , Shabdin Ahmad Affendi 
Published: July 2020

Politeness is an essential part in human communication. It plays a pivotal role in establishing and maintaining good relationships and social harmony. It is reflected by linguistic and non-linguistic behavior through which we indicate that we take others’ feelings of how they should be treated into account. The present study investigated the application of politeness strategies through the linguistic behaviour of twelve Malay English as a second language (MSE) undergraduate students when refusing their higher status interlocutor’s scholarship offer to pursue their studies at an overseas university. Selection of participants was based on a purposive sampling and on the students’ MUET results. The study examined how these students employed politeness strategies as they struggled to find an equilibrium between defending their stance of not accepting the scholarship and at the same time maintaining civility towards a persistent university officer. Data on refusal interactions between the students and the university officer were obtained through an open role-play which were transcribed, classified into semantic refusal strategies, categorized into the types of sequence orders of the strategies and finally classified according to Brown and Levinson’s politeness strategies. The repertoire of MSE refusal strategies reveals positive politeness to be dominant followed by bald-on-record while negative politeness was employed minimally. Using a combination of these three types of politeness, the MSE refusal interactions show variation of politeness ranging from less to more polite. The study revealed that the degree of politeness depend very much on participants’ effort to adapt to the context of situation. The variation of strategies which reflect different degree of politeness generated by the study would be useful as pragmatic input. This input could be utilized by English language teachers to raise pragmatic awareness and to develop their students’ ability to use socially appropriate language for the situation they encounter.
Speech Therapy and Self-awareness About Stuttering for Adults Who are Stutters in Pakistan
Authors: Iqbal Faiza , Kasa Muhamad Dzahir Bin , Don Yahya 
Published: July 2020

All over the world extra than 70 pile human beings whichever stutter, who is in relation to 1% on the population (Bloodstein &amp; Bernstein-Ratner, 2008). Recent research bear referred to troubling findings related to the cognitive, affective, and communal blessing over human beings who stutter people who stutters. The level of understanding among adult stutters in Pakistan concerning the problem of stuttering Awareness and speech therapy. For this study, cross sectional study design was used. Research has been conducted in Govt. and private sector tertiary care Hospitals in Lahore Pakistan. The study is completed within four months from December 2018 to February 2019. Between the ages of Dec 2018 to March 2019, adult stuttering clients were taken, over 15 years of age. Inclusion requirements included all the males and females above 15 years of age who were stuttering. This involves pupils, males and females with blockage, delay, prolongation or any other primary or secondary signs stuttering. Both congenital or chronic disease stutters were ruled out. All patients were briefly interviewed before they were considered as part of the study to ensure that they met the criteria for inclusion. A Performa was established and validated by 10 experts after literature review and expert opinion (having a minimum of 5 years of field experience). There is a significant correlation between Understanding regarding the Stuttering issues and understanding of Stuttering Self Therapy. Awareness on the issue of Stuttering on the understanding of speech therapy for Stutter individuals is shown to be substantially successful. These approaches of speech therapy differ by individual because of the differences between them. It was also found that the more stutter has knowledge of his question with expression the more he performs and utilizes psychological self-help strategies. The study was conducted only on adult stutters. It was a short-run analysis. Sample was taken from a single Pakistani city. Large-scale analysis should be performed for large sample size. The research should include more than in Pakistani city population. Research may also involve children who stutter in future research.
Spiritual Heritage and Great Silk Road Traditions are an Important Factor in The Development of National Tourism in Uzbekistan
Authors: Normuratovna Djuraeva Gavhar , Timurovna Abdullaeva Komila 
Published: July 2020

The article analyzes historical factors affecting the development of national tourism in Uzbekistan. The issues of travel through the Great Silk Road, diplomatic relations, travelers of Islamic Eastern countries, their works, the role and importance of travelers of Eastern and Western countries in trade-economic, socio-political and spiritual-cultural relations between Eastern and Western countries were analyzed. These projects focus on the promotion of tourism as one of the efficient mechanisms for enhancing cooperation between countries. On the one side, it is a colorful region rich in tourism destinations and tourist products, with a remarkable heritage, variety of natural conditions and cultural traditions. On the other hand, it is an area with dramatically varying socio-economic development, which influences the tourism industry. For centuries, the Silk Road has been the most significant and productive way for the nations of Asia and Europe to integrate. It was through it that products, knowledge, technologies and cultures were interchanged, which eventually promoted the development of cities, regions, states and civilizations. For the creation of a service called the "Great Silk Road", an appropriate framework is naturally required. The "Great Silk Road" is a trans-continental concept of integration of countries at all levels, for its implementation, which requires active cooperation of all countries.
The Importance of Language Contacts in the Field of Tourism
Authors: Jafarova Kamala  Avadır 
Published: July 2020

Tourism is not only a way of spending citizens' leisure time, it has transformed into a mass communication practice, a significant social process. Cross-cultural tourism is the most widespread, its purpose is to get acquainted with a different natural, ethno-social and cultural reality. International experience in the field of effective use of the tourism potential of the regions is based on language relations. Our goal is to reveal the exceptional role of language contacts in the further development of tourism. When we talk about tourism, we always remember the country's economy. But we must not forget that along with the economy, the development of language contacts play an important role in tourism. The question is as follow: Is there a need for specialists and consultants on cross-cultural relations in the field of tourism? This need is certainly overdue. The tourism industry today is not just a haphazard sector. It is a complex conglomerate of relationships between different types of structures. These are tour operators that create a product for the end user, intermediary agents, travel agencies, air carriers, hotels and resorts, rental offices (from cars to country villas and apartments), security systems, etc. For successful interaction of all these structures and development of the industry as a whole, professionals in cross-cultural relations are necessary. The problem becomes more relevant when the interaction of cultures goes beyond one country or region.
Understanding on Leadership of Community Empowerment and Village of Good Governance of The Village Business
Authors: Kholmi Masiyah , Suhardi Diding , Jati Ahmad Waluya 
Published: July 2020

This study aims to understanding the good governance based on perspective of Head of Community and Village Empowerment Agency (DPMD). Informants in this research are the Head of Division, Section Head, and community economic business development staff who can represent the research unit in the understanding of good governance in DPMD Jombang Regency. The study was conducted with in-depth interviews with the help of a questionnaire. Data analysis using descriptive qualitative. The results of this study indicate that the Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) are professionally managed, the BUMDes management has the capacity, is able to compile a master plan, understand business, governance refers to guidelines for establishing BUMDes based on Permendes and has Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). BUMDes is managed separately from the village government and there is not much interference from the village government, without being influenced by the pressures of other parties' policies, and can carry out their duties proportionally and can be accounted for. The principles of BUMDES governance include transparency, accountability, responsibility, independence, participation, effective and efficient, and sustainable.
The Innovation of MSME Culinary Marketing Strategy
Authors: Fatimah Feti 
Published: July 2020

The innovation of marketing strategy that can be done by SMES Culinary in Jember for business development needed an analysis about the business conditions. The formulation of the problems studied in this research is how to innovate marketing strategy with SWOT analysis for MSME culinary that exist in Jember. This method of research is done using a qualitative method of descriptive analysis with SWOT analysis. Results of external Internal MSMES is in the V quadrant marked Asterix (2.45; 2.6) which means having a stability/growth strategy to develop in the future, the strategy that can be applied to SMES, namely the strategy of maintaining and Maintaining, market penetration and product development. Result of the SWOT of the SMES culinary Jember has a strategy of S-O strategy that can be done in a SME that is to maintain product quality, set a cheap price as well as utilize local potentials. Based on the results of the innovations marketing strategy SMES culinary Jember namely developing the quality of existing products and adding product variants, set a cheap price to attract consumers as well as utilize local potential for example tourism and Culture.
Geo Information Technologies as a Tool for Managing Tourism Resources
Authors: Babayan Tigran 
Published: July 2020

Today, the process of developing tourist destinations is possible only by using modern spatial planning tools for tourism market entities. To carry out this in the power of geographic information technologies, which are actively being implemented in all spheres of our life, including in tourism. For a real assessment of the recreational potential of the region, which has unique natural, historical and cultural potential, it is necessary to create geographic information systems (GIS), which reflect in the same way all the rest necessary for implementation in tourism products, infrastructure. Simple sites of travel agencies, service sectors, paper maps, guides and other well-known materials are not capable of flexibility and, most importantly, quickly respond to changes, innovations. These factors are especially valuable when studying the potential of the territory, for the compilation of tourism products of different levels of service. This approach can guarantee the development of tourism in any territory. Moreover, make a forecast for long-term targeted programs in the development of tourism. Geo information technologies are able to not only generate demand, but also indicate investment vectors for territorial development in order to turn it into a tourist destination. The article considers the issues of geographic information support in the goals of tourism development using the example of a small mountainous regions of the Republic of Armenia. The experience of certification of resources for tourism is considered.
Utilização de técnicas de gestão de projetos como instrumento avaliativo através da modelagem de um protótipo residencial
Authors: Almeida Matheus , Berteges Luis Felipe Caramez 
Published: July 2020

O desenvolvimento da indústria é dado por inovações, aplicação de técnicas de gestão e implementação de tecnologias. Ao atuar em busca de inovações as organizações encontram a necessidade de investir em pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D). As áreas de P&D são movimentadas através de pesquisas que buscam melhorias significativas nos processos, como também, a orientação para novas aplicações da tecnologia disponível na elaboração de projetos que venham impactar o mercado sob uma perspectiva funcional e diferente do que é apresentado até então. Ao pensar nisso é nítido que a gestão dos projetos desenvolvidos por uma empresa pode lhe proporcionar a liderança em seu mercado de atuação ou ser a fonte de prejuízos inestimáveis. A atuação do Engenheiro de Produção quanto a elaboração e gestão de projetos reside em garantir sucesso nos projetos. A aplicação de técnicas de gestão nos projetos permite o controle sobre as atividades do projeto atuando sob as adversidades encontradas no caminho. O presente estudo tem por objetivo demonstrar o funcionamento das técnicas de gestão de projeto sob a prática da elaboração de um projeto simples, utilizado didaticamente pelo corpo docente, promovendo a vivência dos dados levantados em sala de aula, separadas por fase de planejamento, controle e execução. Os dados foram comparados usando técnicas de gestão de projetos. Com o seguinte estudo foi possível compreender de maneira dinâmica o planejamento de um projeto e compará-lo à experiência prática, utilizando parâmetros levantados pelas ferramentas de gestão avaliando custos, riscos e prazos inerentes ao projeto. Pode-se concluir que as ferramentas de gestão de projetos foram aplicáveis, como também, puderam demonstrar a variação de um projeto em relação ao planejado, podendo assim os alunos gerenciarem projetos de forma prática e dinâmica.
Palavras-Chave: Gestão de Projetos; Diagrama de Gantt; Curva S; Gerenciamento de Custos; Caminho Crítico; Gerenciamento de Riscos.
Nanoparticles Loaded with a New Thiourea Derivative: Development and In vitro Evaluation Against Leishmania amazonensis
Authors: Meireles Paloma Wetler , de Souza Dandara Paiva Barroso , Rezende Marianne Grilo , Borsodi Maria Paula Gonçalves , de Oliveira Douglas Escrivani , da Silva Luiz Cláudio Rodrigues Pereira , de Souza Alessandra Mendonça Teles , Viana Gil Mendes , Rodrigues Carlos Rangel , do Carmo Flavia Almada , de Sousa Valeria Pereira , Rossi-Bergmann Bartira , Cabral Lucio Mendes 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by protozoa of the genus
Leishmania. Current treatments are restricted to a small number of drugs that display both severe side
effects and a potential for parasites to develop resistance. A new N-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-N'-
(2-phenethyl) thiourea compound (thiourea 1) has shown promising in vitro activity against Leishmania
amazonensis with an IC50 of 54.14 μM for promastigotes and an IC50 of 70 μM for amastigotes.

Objective:
To develop a formulation of
thiourea 1 as an oral treatment for leishmaniasis, it was incorporated into nanoparticles (NPs), a proven approach to provide long-acting drug
delivery systems Method: NPs of poly (D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) polymeric NPs containing thiourea 1 were obtained through a
nanoprecipitation methodology associated with solvent evaporation. The NPs containing thiourea 1 were characterized for encapsulation
efficiency (EE%), reaction yield (% w/w), surface charge, particle size and morphology by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Results:
NPs with thiourea 1 showed an improved in vitro leishmanicidal activity with a reduction in its cytotoxicity against macrophages (CC50>100
µg/mL) while preserving its IC50 against intracellular amastigotes (1.46 ± 0.09 µg/mL). This represents a parasite selectivity index (SI) of
68.49, which is a marked advancement from the reference drug pentamidine (SI = 30.14).

Conclusion:
The results suggest that the
incorporation into NPs potentiated the therapeutic effect of thiourea 1, most likely by improving the selective delivery of the drug to the
phagocytic cells that are targeted for infection by L. amazonensis. This work reinforces the importance of nanotechnology in the acquisition
of new therapeutic alternatives for oral treatments.
Shape-based Machine Learning Models for the Potential Novel COVID-19 Protease Inhibitors Assisted by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Nayarisseri Anuraj , Khandelwal Ravina , Madhavi Maddala , Selvaraj Chandrabose , Panwar Umesh , Sharma Khushboo , Hussain Tajamul , Singh Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The vast geographical expansion of novel coronavirus and an increasing number
of COVID-19 affected cases have overwhelmed health and public health services. Artificial
Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have extended their major role in tracking
disease patterns, and in identifying possible treatments.

Objective:
This study aims to identify potential COVID-19 protease inhibitors through shape-based
Machine Learning assisted by Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics simulations.

Methods:
31 Repurposed compounds have been selected targeting the main coronavirus protease
(6LU7) and a machine learning approach was employed to generate shape-based molecules starting
from the 3D shape to the pharmacophoric features of their seed compound. Ligand-Receptor Docking
was performed with Optimized Potential for Liquid Simulations (OPLS) algorithms to identify highaffinity
compounds from the list of selected candidates for 6LU7, which were subjected to Molecular
Dynamic Simulations followed by ADMET studies and other analyses.

Results:
Shape-based Machine learning reported remdesivir, valrubicin, aprepitant, and fulvestrant as
the best therapeutic agents with the highest affinity for the target protein. Among the best shape-based
compounds, a novel compound identified was not indexed in any chemical databases (PubChem, Zinc,
or ChEMBL). Hence, the novel compound was named 'nCorv-EMBS'. Further, toxicity analysis
showed nCorv-EMBS to be suitable for further consideration as the main protease inhibitor in
COVID-19.

Conclusion:
Effective ACE-II, GAK, AAK1, and protease 3C blockers can serve as a novel therapeutic
approach to block the binding and attachment of the main COVID-19 protease (PDB ID: 6LU7) to
the host cell and thus inhibit the infection at AT2 receptors in the lung. The novel compound nCorv-
EMBS herein proposed stands as a promising inhibitor to be evaluated further for COVID-19 treatment.
A Retrospective Study on Gloriosa superbaand Its Main Active Constituents
Authors: Shriwastava Aishwarya , Chopra Vijay , Vyas Manish , Khatik Gopal L. , Yadav Pramod , Gupta Jeena , Singh Amrit Pal 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundGloriosa superba:
L. (G. superba) is a perennial creeper and climbs up to 5-7 meters. It
belongs to the Liliaceae family and is native to Africa and South-East Asia. It is also categorized as
an endangered plant which may be due to its extensive use.

Objective:
The objective of the present review is to explore anticancer potential with other pharmacological
activities of G. superba and its active constituents.

Results:
G. superba has been reported to have many chemical constituents including colchicine, β-
sitosterol, glumicolchicine, b-lumicolchicine, 2-OH-6-MeO-benzoic acid, glorisine, tannins, colchicoside,
cornigerine, and many more. Most of them are effective against cancer, gout, arthritis, ulcers,
bleeding piles, impotence, snakebites, skin diseases, and leprosy. G. superba has also been reported
to possess pharmacological activities like anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, abortifacient,
anti-ulcerogenic, anti-helminthic and antimicrobial.

Conclusion:
The present review summarizes the anticancer potential of G. superba and its constituents.
However, a detailed study is required to establish it as an effective anticancer drug.