bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immersive virtual reality vs. non‐immersive distraction for pain management of children during bone pins and sutures removal: A randomized clinical trial protocol
Authors: Le May Sylvie , Tsimicalis Argerie , Noel Melanie , Rainville Pierre , Khadra Christelle , Ballard Ariane , Guingo Estelle , Cotes‐Turpin Casey , Addab Sofia , Chougui Khadidja , Francoeur Maxime , Hung Nicole , Bernstein Mitchell , Bouchard Stéphane , Parent Stefan , Hupin Debeurme Mathilde 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsTo examine the efficacy of an immersive virtual reality distraction compared with an active non‐immersive distraction, such as video games on a tablet, for pain and anxiety management and memory of pain and anxiety in children requiring percutaneous bone pins and/or suture removal procedures.DesignThree‐centre randomized clinical trial using a parallel design with two groups: experimental and control.MethodsStudy to take place in the orthopaedic department of three children hospital of the Montreal region starting in 2019. Children, from 7–17 years old, requiring bone pins and/or suture removal procedures will be recruited. The intervention group (N = 94) will receive a virtual reality game (Dreamland), whereas the control group (N = 94) will receive a tablet with video games. The primary outcomes will be both the mean self‐reported pain score measured by the Numerical Rating Scale and mean anxiety score, measured by the Child Fear Scale. Recalls of pain and anxiety will be measured 1 week after the procedure using the same scales. We aim to recruit 188 children to achieve a power of 80% with a significance level (alpha) of 5%.DiscussionWhile multiple pharmacological methods have previously been tested for children, no studies have evaluated the impact of immersive virtual reality distraction for pain and anxiety management in the orthopaedic setting.ImpactImproved pain management can be achieved using virtual reality during medical procedures for children. This method is innovative, non‐pharmacological, adapted to the hospital setting, and user‐friendly.Trial RegistrationNCT03680625, registered on clinicaltrials.gov.
Comparative evaluation of growth performance, carcass characteristics and timed series gene expression profile of GH and IGF‐1 in two Egyptian indigenous chicken breeds versus Rhode Island Red
Authors: El‐Attrouny Mahmoud M. , Iraqi Mahmoud M. , Sabike Islam I. , Abdelatty Alzahraa M. , Moustafa Mahmoud M. , Badr Omnia A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIndigenous chicken breeds in developing countries have diverse benefits to rural economy as a source of high‐quality animal protein. However, there are few reports on the evaluation of economic traits in Egyptian indigenous breeds. Hence, this study aimed to investigate growth performance, carcass characteristics, body measurements and meat quality traits in two indigenous breeds of chickens (Benha line and Golden Montazah) versus Rhode Island Red as a reference worldwide breed. Besides, a time series expression profile of somatotropic axis genes including GH and IGF‐1 and their plasma level concentrations were investigated. Benha line chickens (BL) revealed the highest improved estimates of growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality traits. In the same manner, it displayed the highest levels of hepatic GH and IGF‐1 and muscle IGF‐1 gene expression compared to Rhode Island Red (RIR) and Golden Montazah (GM) chickens. Accordingly, BL exhibited the highest levels of plasma IGF‐1 and the lowest levels of plasma GH. This result suggests the direct association between growth performance, carcass characteristics and levels of IGF‐1 gene expression in the selected chicken breeds. BL is a superior Egyptian genotype with candidate productive traits and competing characteristics, it could be used widely as a proven ancestor of commercial hybrid breeds.
Novel mutations of TCTN3/LTBP2 with cellular function changes in congenital heart disease associated with polydactyly
Authors: Chen Huan‐Xin , Yang Zi‐Yue , Hou Hai‐Tao , Wang Jun , Wang Xiu‐Li , Yang Qin , Liu Lin , He Guo‐Wei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCongenital heart disease (CHD) associated with polydactyly involves various genes. We aimed to identify variations from genes related to complex CHD with polydactyly and to investigate the cellular functions related to the mutations. Blood was collected from a complex CHD case with polydactyly, and whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed. The CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to generate human pluripotent stem cell with mutations (hPSCs‐Mut) that were differentiated into cardiomyocytes (hPSC‐CMs‐Mut) and analysed by transcriptomics on day 0, 9 and 13. Two heterozygous mutations, LTBP2 (c.2206G>A, p.Asp736Asn, RefSeq NM_000428.2) and TCTN3 (c.1268G>A, p.Gly423Glu, RefSeq NM_015631.5), were identified via WES but no TBX5 mutations were found. The stable cell lines of hPSCs‐LTBP2mu/TCTN3mu were constructed and differentiated into hPSC‐CMs‐LTBP2mu/TCTN3mu. Compared to the wild type, LTBP2 mutation delayed the development of CMs. The TCTN3 mutation consistently presented lower rate and weaker force of the contraction of CMs. For gene expression pattern of persistent up‐regulation, pathways in cardiac development and congenital heart disease were enriched in hPSCs‐CM‐LTBP2mu, compared with hPSCs‐CM‐WT. Thus, the heterozygous mutations in TCTN3 and LTBP2 affect contractility (rate and force) of cardiac myocytes and may affect the development of the heart. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of complex CHD with polydactyly.
METTL3 promotes IL‐1β–induced degeneration of endplate chondrocytes by driving m6A‐dependent maturation of miR‐126‐5p
Authors: Xiao Liang , Zhao Quanlai , Hu Bo , Wang Jing , Liu Chen , Xu Hongguang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMETTL3 is an important regulatory molecule in the process of RNA biosynthesis. It mainly regulates mRNA translation, alternative splicing and microRNA maturation by mediating m6A‐dependent methylation. Interleukin 1β (IL‐1β) is an important inducer of cartilage degeneration that can induce an inflammatory cascade reaction in chondrocytes and inhibit the normal biological function of cells. However, it is unclear whether IL‐1β is related to METTL3 expression or plays a regulatory role in endplate cartilage degeneration. In this study, we found that the expression level of METTL3 and methylation level of m6A in human endplate cartilage with different degrees of degeneration were significantly different, indicating that the methylation modification of m6A mediated by METTL3 was closely related to the degeneration of human endplate cartilage. Next, through a series of functional experiments, we found that miR‐126‐5p can play a significant role in IL‐1β–induced degeneration of endplate chondrocytes. Moreover, we found that miR‐126‐5p can inhibit the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway by targeting PIK3R2 gene, leading to the disorder of cell vitality and functional metabolism. To further determine whether METTL3 could regulate miR‐126‐5p maturation, we first confirmed that METTL3 can bind the key protein underlying pri‐miRNA processing, DGCR8. Additionally, when METTL3 expression was inhibited, the miR‐126‐5p maturation process was blocked. Therefore, we hypothesized that METTL3 can promote cleavage of pri‐miR‐126‐5p and form mature miR‐126‐5p by combining with DGCR8.
Retrospective analysis of the long‐term effect of subgingival air polishing in supportive periodontal therapy
Authors: Petersilka Gregor , Koch Raphael , Vomhof Anna , Joda Tim , Harks Inga , Arweiler Nicole , Ehmke Benjamin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimGlycine powder air polishing (GPAP) procedure has become popular. Aim of the analysis was to compare the clinical outcomes during supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) of subgingival application of GPAP with those using sole conventional mechanical debridement (SC).Material and MethodsOver a median SPT period of 5.3 years (re‐evaluation through last observation), the GPAP cohort (n = 263) received supra‐ and subgingival biofilm removal with GPAP. Supragingival calculus was removed using curets and sonic scalers here. Patients in the SC cohort (n = 264) were treated with sonic scalers, curets and rubber cup polishing only. Changes in, that is pocket probing depth (PPD) and furcation involvement were assessed retrospectively. A bootstrapping equivalence testing method in line with the principle of the two one‐sided tests (TOST) procedure was used to compare clinical outcomes.ResultsThe GPAP procedure was statistically equivalent to SC regarding the number of sites with stable PPDs (83.3%; IQR 68.8%, 91.0% vs. 84.0%; IQR 77.8%, 90.0%). However, in the GPAP cohort, a trend towards deterioration in furcation status (no equivalence) was noted.ConclusionsIn periodontal maintenance, the use of GPAP instead of mechanical plaque removal does not improve the clinical outcome. It seems to be contraindicated to treat furcation defects with GPAP only.
Corn rootworm survey in North Dakota and a comparison of two sticky traps
Authors: Calles‐Torrez Veronica , Boetel Mark A. , Knodel Janet J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNorthern, Diabrotica barberi Smith & Lawrence, and western, D. virgifera virgifera LeConte, corn rootworms are major economic pests of corn, Zea mays L., in the United States. This research was conducted to determine the geographic distribution, abundance, and species composition of Diabrotica species in North Dakota, and to compare effectiveness of unbaited green Scentry™ Multigard and unbaited yellow Pherocon® AM/NB sticky traps for monitoring. Fifty‐one corn fields were monitored using traps from July through October of the 2013, 2014, and 2015 growing seasons for rootworm beetle activity. The overall species composition was 61% D. barberi and 39% D. v. virgifera. Both species were frequently captured, and the highest densities (i.e. >10 beetles per trap per week) were found in southeastern North Dakota. Low densities (i.e. <0.1 beetles per trap per week) of D. barberi were found in areas further north, but no D. v. virgifera were captured in those fields. The two different coloured sticky traps were not significantly different across 38 sites for D. barberi and across 21 sites for D. v. virgifera. However, green Scentry™ Multigard traps captured more D. barberi beetles than yellow Pherocon® AM/NB traps at 68% of the 38 fields. In contrast, the yellow Pherocon® AM/NB traps captured more D. v. virgifera beetles at 57% of the 21 fields. Findings also indicated that, although D. barberi was the predominant species in surveyed fields, populations rarely reached the economic threshold. Our study observed that economic populations of corn rootworms were infrequent among the field sites trapped in North Dakota. As a result, producers should scout fields regularly for corn rootworm populations levels to make sound pest management decisions. This knowledge can enable producers to effectively protect their crop when control is economically justified, and the information can also provide input cost savings when populations do not warrant control efforts.
Genetic correlations between challenge tested susceptibility to bacillary necrosis, caused by Edwardsiella ictaluri, and growth performance tested survival and harvest body weight in Mekong striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus)
Authors: Pham Khoi Dinh , Ødegård Jørgen , Nguyen Sang Van , Gjøen Hans Magnus , Klemetsdal Gunnar 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim was to carry out a joint genetic analysis of survival and harvest body weight, recorded in a growth performance test in Mekong striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus), and susceptibility to bacillary necrosis (caused by Edwardsiella ictaluri), recorded in challenge tests. Data were from two challenge tested year‐classes (~6,000 fish in both) that both had growth test data available for survival and body weight (~13,000 fish each year). Data were analysed with a linear tri‐variate sire‐dam model without the common environmental effect because otherwise genetic correlations were estimated with large standard errors. Susceptibility to bacillary necrosis was found weakly genetically correlated to both growth and survival in the growth test, while growth was found with moderate favourable genetic correlation to growth survival. To defend continued challenge testing of striped catfish in Vietnam, a strong genetic relationship needs to be established between bacillary necrosis and survival under a natural disease outbreak. This requires another field test (in addition to the growth test) with siblings, without antibiotic treatment and the cause of death continuously monitored. Meanwhile, the routine challenge testing with the aim to indirectly improve field survival through selection should continue.
Pre‐ and early postnatal enriched environmental experiences prevent neonatal hypoxia‐ischemia late neurodegeneration via metabolic and neuroplastic mechanisms
Authors: Durán‐Carabali Luz Elena , Odorcyk Felipe Kawa , Greggio Samuel , Venturin Gianina Teribele , Sanches Eduardo Farias , Schu Guilherme Garcia , Carvalho Andrey Soares , Pedroso Thales Avila , de Sá Couto‐Pereira Natividade , Da Costa Jaderson Costa , Dalmaz Carla , Zimmer Eduardo Rigon , Netto Carlos Alexandre 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPrenatal and early postnatal periods are important for brain development and neural function. Neonatal insults such as hypoxia‐ischemia (HI) causes prolonged neural and metabolic dysregulation, affecting central nervous system maturation. There is evidence that brain hypometabolism could increase the risk of adult‐onset neurodegenerative diseases. However, the impact of non‐pharmacologic strategies to attenuate HI‐induced brain glucose dysfunction is still underexplored. This study investigated the long‐term effects of early environmental enrichment in metabolic, cell, and functional responses after neonatal HI. Thereby, male Wistar rats were divided according to surgical procedure, sham, and HI (performed at postnatal day 3), and the allocation to standard (SC) or enriched condition (EC) during gestation and lactation periods. In‐vivo cerebral metabolism was assessed by means of [18F]‐FDG micro‐positron emission tomography, and cognitive, biochemical, and histological analyses were performed in adulthood. Our findings reveal that HI causes a reduction in glucose metabolism and glucose transporter levels as well as hyposynchronicity in metabolic brain networks. However, EC during prenatal or early postnatal period attenuated these metabolic disturbances. A positive correlation was observed between [18F]‐FDG values and volume ratios in adulthood, indicating that preserved tissue by EC is metabolically active. EC promotes better cognitive scores, as well as down‐regulation of amyloid precursor protein in the parietal cortex and hippocampus of HI animals. Furthermore, growth‐associated protein 43 was up‐regulated in the cortex of EC animals. Altogether, results presented support that EC during gestation and lactation period can reduce HI‐induced impairments that may contribute to functional decline and progressive late neurodegeneration.
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Removal of vasopressin cells from the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus enhances lipopolysaccharide‐induced sickness behaviour in mice
Authors: Whylings Jack , Rigney Nicole , de Vries Geert J. , Petrulis Aras 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVasopressin (AVP) cells in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) are activated during sickness and project to multiple nuclei responsible for the anxiety, social and motivated behaviours affected during sickness, suggesting that these cells may play a role in sickness behaviours, typically expressed as reduced mobility, increased anxiety, anhedonia and social withdrawal. In the present study, we selectively ablated AVP neurones in the PVN of male and female mice (Mus musculus) and induced sickness behaviour via injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We found that PVN AVP ablation increased the effects of LPS, specifically by further decreasing sucrose preference in males and females and decreasing the social preference of males, monitored within 24 hours of LPS injection. These results suggest that PVN AVP contributes to the change in motivated behaviours during sickness and may help promote recovery from infection..
Elaeagnus L gum polysaccharides alleviate the impairment of barrier function in the dry skin model mice
Authors: Wang Bingying , Tai Meiling , Zhang Kun , Chen Huixiong , Gan Xiaoshuang , Che Biao , Abudukelimu N. , Wang Guoping , Xin Xuelei , Lin Li , Han Ping , Peng Yi , Du Zhiyun , Aker Aisa Haji 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundDry skin is a common skin condition caused by reduction of water‐holding capacity, which is regulated by skin barrier function. Dry skin can also be a symptom that indicates a more serious diagnosis. There are a number of moisturizers on the market, which play an important role in dermatologic and cosmetic therapies. However, the demand for these products with good and therapeutic efficiency is still growing.AimsIt remains necessary to investigate the effects of Elaeagnus L gum polysaccharides (EAP), which are prepared from gum of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. on the epidermal permeability barrier function and their possible underlying mechanisms.Patients/MethodsEAP were purified, analyzed, and tested on human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) and then on the skin in vivo to evaluate their antiinflammatory activities and their impacts on impaired skin barrier function.ResultsHistological analyses revealed that topical administration with EAP effectively attenuated dryness‐like skin condition, including less percutaneous water loss rate, less infiltrate inflammation cells, and less epidermal thickening. Moreover, EAP inhibited the production of various inflammatory mediators and increased AQP‐3, FLG, and LOR expression.ConclusionOur results indicated that EAP enhances epidermal permeability barrier function, and they can be used as a promising adjuvant agent in skin care cosmetics and in treating some skin disorders characterized by cutaneous inflammation and abnormal barrier function.
Delusional infestation: Clinical presentations, diagnosis, and management
Authors: Torales Julio , García Oscar , Barrios Iván , O’Higgins Marcelo , Castaldelli‐Maia João Mauricio , Ventriglio Antonio , Jafferany Mohammad 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundDelusional infestation is a primary psychiatric disorder characterized by a somatic‐type delusional disorder (primary delusional infestation) that may lead to self‐induced cutaneous lesions which are often difficult to recognize and treat properly. It may be also secondary to other psychiatric disorders, medical diseases, or substance abuse.AimsThis review will describe prevalence, common clinical features, different clinical presentations, differential diagnoses, and treatment recommendation. Special focus has been put on psychological aspects.MethodsWe conducted a literature search on PubMed from January 2001 to June 2020 with the search terms of delusional parasitosis, delusional infestation, psychological, Reference lists of identified articles were examined for further relevant studies. The search was limited to English language articles. No specified quality criteria were used for study inclusion.ResultsThe clinical manifestations of delusional infestation are very important in the differential diagnosis and its psychological implications and management perspectives.ConclusionThis article presents an update regarding the clinical aspects and treatment options of delusional infestation in order to provide an up‐to‐date review for dermatologists and general practitioners.
Efficacy of systemic minoxidil and tofacitinib combination in treatment‐resistant alopecia universalis
Authors: Dincer Didem , Tanacan Efsun , Kose Ozkan Cansel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune nonscarring alopecic disorder, which presents with varying amounts of hair loss, ranging from focal patchy loss to entire scalp and body hair loss. Treatment of AA is a challenging issue within dermatology practice. Although many treatment options are present, response to medications remains unsatisfactory, especially in severe and recalcitrant cases. In this study, we present a case of treatment‐resistant AU, which was successfully treated by the combination of tofacitinib and oral minoxidil.
On Sea Turtle‐associated Craspedostauros (Bacillariophyta), with Description of Three Novel Species
Authors: Majewska Roksana , Ashworth Matt P. , Bosak Sunčica , Goosen William E. , Nolte Christopher , Filek Klara , Van de Vijver Bart , Taylor Jonathan C. , Manning Schonna R. , Nel Ronel 
Published: October 2020

The current study focuses on four species from the primarily marine diatom genus Craspedostauros that were observed growing attached to numerous sea turtles and sea turtle‐associated barnacles from Croatia and South Africa. Three of the examined taxa, C. danayanus sp. nov., C. legouvelloanus sp. nov., and C. macewanii sp. nov., are described based on morphological and, whenever possible, molecular characteristics. The new taxa exhibit characters not previously observed in other members of the genus, such as the presence of more than two rows of cribrate areolae on the girdle bands, shallow perforated septa, and a complete reduction of the stauros. The fourth species, C. alatus, itself recently described from museum sea turtle specimens, is reported for the first time from loggerhead sea turtles rescued in Europe. A 3‐gene phylogenetic analysis including DNA sequence data for three sea turtle‐associated Craspedostauros species and other marine and epizoic diatom taxa indicated that Craspedostauros is monophyletic and sister to Achnanthes. This study, being based on a large number of samples and animal specimens analyzed and using different preservation and processing methods, provides new insights into the ecology and biogeography of the genus and sheds light on the level of intimacy and permanency in the host–epibiont interaction within the epizoic Craspedostauros species.
Systematics, distribution, and sexual compatibility of six Scytosiphon species (Scytosiphonaceae, Phaeophyceae) from Japan and the description of four new species
Authors: Hoshino Masakazu , Tanaka Atsuko , Kamiya Mitsunobu , Uwai Shinya , Hiraoka Masanori , Kogame Kazuhiro 
Published: October 2020

The brown alga Scytosiphon lomentaria (Scytosiphonaceae, Ectocarpales) has been reported from cold and warm waters worldwide. Although previous molecular phylogenetic studies and crossing experiments have shown that it is a complex of multiple distinct species, the taxonomic position and accurate distribution of each species have remained largely unclear. For the S. lomentaria complex from Japan, our cox1 and rbcL phylogenetic analyses detected six species. In addition to five previously detected species (species Ia–Va), one species (species VI) was newly found in the subtropical area, Okinawa Island. Species VI was recovered as a sister to species Ia–Va in rbcL. Based on the morphological and phylogenetic data, we concluded that species Ia is S. lomentaria, species IIIa is S. promiscuus, and the other four species are newly described: S. shibazakiorum for species IIa, S. tosaensis for species IVa, S. arcanus for species Va, and S. subtropicus for species VI. The cox1‐based analysis also showed that S. lomentaria, S. shibazakiorum, and S. promiscuus have worldwide distributions, while the other three species were not found outside of Japan. In Japan, except for S. subtropicus, distributions of these species overlapped. Our crossing experiments showed that gametic incompatibility (pre‐zygotic barrier) was less developed between the allopatric species (i.e., S. subtropicus and others) compared with the sympatric species. It may suggest that pre‐zygotic barriers have evolved among the sympatric species due to reinforcement.