bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of microarray right-censored data through fused sliced inverse regression
Authors: Yoo Jae Keun 
Published: October 2019

AbstractSufficient dimension reduction (SDR) for a regression pursue a replacement of the original p-dimensional predictors with its lower-dimensional linear projection. The so-called sliced inverse regression (SIR; [5]) arguably has the longest history in SDR methodologies, but it is still one of the most popular one. The SIR is known to be easily affected by the number of slices, which is one of its critical deficits. Recently, a fused approach for SIR is proposed to relieve this weakness, which fuses the kernel matrices computed by the SIR application from various numbers of slices. In the paper, the fused SIR is applied to a large-p-small n regression of a high-dimensional microarray right-censored data to show its practical advantage over usual SIR application. Through model validation, it is confirmed that the fused SIR outperforms the SIR with any number of slices under consideration.
Sustained Improvements in Glucose Metabolism Late After Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery in Patients with and Without Preoperative Diabetes
Authors: Jørgensen Nils B. , Bojsen-Møller Kirstine N. , Dirksen Carsten , Martinussen Christoffer , Svane Maria S. , Kristiansen Viggo B. , Holst Jens J. , Madsbad Sten 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTo describe glucose metabolism in the late, weight stable phase after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) in patients with and without preoperative type 2 diabetes we invited 55 RYGB-operated persons from two existing cohorts to participate in a late follow-up study. 44 (24 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT)/20 with type 2 diabetes (T2D) before surgery) accepted the invitation (median follow-up 2.7 [Range 2.2–5.0 years]). Subjects were examined during an oral glucose stimulus and results compared to preoperative and 1-year (1 y) post RYGB results. Glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, beta-cell function and incretin hormone secretion were evaluated. 1 y weight loss was maintained late after surgery. Glycemic control, insulin resistance, beta-cell function and GLP-1 remained improved late after surgery in both groups. In NGT subjects, nadir glucose decreased 1 y after RYGB, but did not change further. In T2D patients, relative change in weight from 1 y to late after RYGB correlated with relative change in fasting glucose and HbA1c, whereas relative changes in glucose-stimulated insulin release correlated inversely with relative changes in postprandial glucose excursions. In NGT subjects, relative changes in postprandial nadir glucose correlated with changes in beta-cell glucose sensitivity. Thus, effects of RYGB on weight and glucose metabolism are maintained late after surgery in patients with and without preoperative T2D. Weight loss and improved beta-cell function both contribute to maintenance of long-term glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes, and increased glucose stimulated insulin secretion may contribute to postprandial hypoglycemia in NGT subjects.
Primary renal lymphoma: a population-based study in the United States, 1980–2013
Authors: Chen Jiayuan , Peng Jiangtong , Zheng Yongqiang , Li Sen , Yang Pengcheng , Wu Xiangyi , Tian He , Liu Hui , Yang Shengli , Wang Wenjing , Wu Bian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPrimary renal lymphoma (PRL) is a rare lymphoid malignancy with only a few cases reported in the literature. We performed a population-based study of PRL to determine its incidence, clinical characteristics and factors associated with survival using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We identified 723 patients with PRL. The most common histological subtype of PRL was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (56.3%). The incidence and mortality rate of PRL was 0.053/100,000 person-years and 0.036/100,000 person-years, respectively. The incidence rate of PRL was increasing significantly with an annual percentage change (APC) of 3.45% (p < 0.001). The 1-year and 5-year relative survival (RS) rates of patients with PRL were 78% and 64%. The RS of patients diagnosed between 2000 to 2013 was better than that of patients diagnosed between 1980–1999. A multivariate Cox hazards regression analysis revealed that older age, male gender, diagnosis before 2000, advanced stage, not receiving surgical treatment, and DLBCL or T/NK cell lymphoma type were independent predictors of unfavorable survival.
In silico/In vivo analysis of high-risk papillomavirus L1 and L2 conserved sequences for development of cross-subtype prophylactic vaccine
Authors: Namvar Ali , Bolhassani Azam , Javadi Gholamreza , Noormohammadi Zahra 
Published: October 2019

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world and the main cause of cervical cancer. Nowadays, the virus-like particles (VLPs) based on L1 proteins have been considered as the best candidate for vaccine development against HPV infections. Two commercial HPV (Gardasil and Cervarix) are available. These HPV VLP vaccines induce genotype-limited protection. The major impediments such as economic barriers especially gaps in financing obstructed the optimal delivery of vaccines in developing countries. Thus, many efforts are underway to develop the next generation of vaccines against other types of high-risk HPV. In this study, we developed DNA constructs (based on L1 and L2 genes) that were potentially immunogenic and highly conserved among the high-risk HPV types. The framework of analysis include (1) B-cell epitope mapping, (2) T-cell epitope mapping (i.e., CD4+ and CD8+ T cells), (3) allergenicity assessment, (4) tap transport and proteasomal cleavage, (5) population coverage, (6) global and template-based docking, and (7) data collection, analysis, and design of the L1 and L2 DNA constructs. Our data indicated the 8-epitope candidates for helper T-cell and CTL in L1 and L2 sequences. For the L1 and L2 constructs, combination of these peptides in a single universal vaccine could involve all world population by the rate of 95.55% and 96.33%, respectively. In vitro studies showed high expression rates of multiepitope L1 (~57.86%) and L2 (~68.42%) DNA constructs in HEK-293T cells. Moreover, in vivo studies indicated that the combination of L1 and L2 DNA constructs without any adjuvant or delivery system induced effective immune responses, and protected mice against C3 tumor cells (the percentage of tumor-free mice: ~66.67%). Thus, the designed L1 and L2 DNA constructs would represent promising applications for HPV vaccine development.
Oribatid mites show that soil food web complexity and close aboveground-belowground linkages emerged in the early Paleozoic
Authors: Schaefer Ina , Caruso Tancredi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe early evolution of ecosystems in Palaeozoic soils remains poorly understood because the fossil record is sparse, despite the preservation of soil microarthropods already from the Early Devonian (~410 Mya). The soil food web plays a key role in the functioning of ecosystems and its organisms currently express traits that have evolved over 400 my. Here, we conducted a phylogenetic trait analysis of a major soil animal group (Oribatida) to reveal the deep time story of the soil food web. We conclude that this group, central to the trophic structure of the soil food web, diversified in the early Paleozoic and resulted in functionally complex food webs by the late Devonian. The evolution of body size, form, and an astonishing trophic diversity demonstrates that the soil food web was as structured as current food webs already in the Devonian, facilitating the establishment of higher plants in the late Paleozoic.
Human Frequency Following Response Correlates of Spatial Release From Masking
Authors: Rouhbakhsh Nematollah , Mahdi John , Hwo Jacob , Nobel Baran , Mousave Fati 
Published: October 2019

PurposeSpeech recognition in complex listening environments is enhanced by the extent of spatial separation between the speech source and background competing sources, an effect known as spatial release from masking (SRM). The aim of this study was to investigate whether the phase-locked neural activity in the central auditory pathways, reflected in the frequency following response (FFR), exhibits SRM.MethodEighteen normal-hearing adults (8 men and 10 women, ranging in age from 20 to 42 years) with no known neurological disorders participated in this study. FFRs were recorded from the participants in response to a target vowel /u/ presented with spatially colocated and separated competing talkers at 3 ranges of signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), with median SNRs of −5.4, 0.5, and 6.8 dB and for different attentional conditions (attention and no attention).ResultsAmplitude of the FFR at the fundamental frequency was significantly larger in the spatially separated condition as compared to the colocated condition for only the lowest (< −2.4 dB SNR) of the 3 SNR ranges tested. A significant effect of attention was found when subjects were actively focusing on the target stimuli. No significant interaction effects were found between spatial separation and attention.ConclusionsThe enhanced representation of the target stimulus in the separated condition suggests that the temporal pattern of phase-locked brainstem neural activity generating the FFR may contain information relevant to the binaural processes underlying SRM but only in challenging listening environments. Attention may modulate FFR fundamental frequency amplitude but does not seem to modulate spatial processing at the level of generating the FFR.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9992597
Using Informal Measures to Separate Language Impairment From Language Influence When Working With Diverse Students
Authors: Prath Scott 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
Determining whether language errors result from native language influence or speech-language impairment can be challenging for professionals diagnosing and treating children from diverse backgrounds. Although we are fortunate to have some formal measures for Spanish-speaking children, children who speak any other language need to be evaluated informally. Taking language and culture into account, this article provides school-based professionals with a framework to separate language difference from disorder to improve diagnostic decisions and reduce caseloads by identifying students who may not need services.

Conclusion
Both linguistic and cultural knowledge are critical when working with families and children from different language backgrounds. To successfully diagnose and treat bilingual children, linguistic information needs to be further analyzed for differences of morphology, semantics, and syntax. An informal framework can successfully be applied during the evaluation and goal writing process so that professions can correctly differentiate between normal errors caused by second-language influence and errors that are indicative of a language disorder.
Axisymmetric Schwarzschild models of an isothermal axisymmetric mock dwarf spheroidal galaxy
Authors: Hagen Jorrit H. J. , Helmi Amina , Breddels Maarten A. 
Published: October 2019

Aims. The goal of this work is to test the ability of Schwarzschild’s orbit superposition method to measure the mass content, scale radius, and shape of a flattened dwarf spheroidal galaxy. Until now, most dynamical model efforts have assumed that dwarf spheroidal galaxies and their host halos are spherical.
Methods. We used an Evans model (1993, MNRAS, 260, 191) to construct an isothermal mock galaxy whose properties somewhat resemble those of the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy. This mock galaxy contains flattened luminous and dark matter components, resulting in a logarithmic profile for the global potential. We tested whether the Schwarzschild method could constrain the characteristic parameters of the system for different sample sizes and whether this was possible without knowledge of the functional form of the potential.
Results. When assuming the true functional form of the potential of the system, the Schwarzschild modelling technique is able to provide an accurate and precise measurement of the characteristic mass parameter of the system and accurately reproduces the light distribution and the stellar kinematics of our mock galaxy. When assuming a different functional form for the potential of the model, such as a flattened Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) profile, we also constrain the mass and scale radius to their corresponding values. However in both cases, we find that the flattening parameter remains largely unconstrained. This is likely because the information content of the velocity dispersion on the geometric shape of the potential is too small.
Conclusions. Our results using Schwarzschild’s method indicate that the mass enclosed can be derived reliably, even if the flattening parameter is unknown, and already for samples containing 2000 line-of-sight radial velocities, such as those currently available. Further applications of the method to more general distribution functions of flattened systems are needed to establish how well the flattening of dSph dark halos can be determined.
Cold dust and stellar emissions in dust-rich galaxies observed with ALMA: a challenge for SED-fitting techniques
Authors: Buat V. , Ciesla L. , Boquien M. , Małek K. , Burgarella D. 
Published: October 2019

Context. Over the past few years the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) has detected dust-rich galaxies whose cold dust emission is spatially disconnected from the ultraviolet (UV) rest-frame emission. This represents a challenge for modeling their spectral energy distributions (SED) with codes based on an energy budget between the stellar and dust components. This could potentially weaken the solidity of the physical parameters measured with these modeling tools.
Aims. We want to verify the validity of energy balance modeling on a sample of galaxies observed from the UV to the sub-millimeter rest frame with ALMA and decipher what information can be reliably retrieved from the analysis of the full SED and from subsets of wavelengths.
Methods. We select 17 sources at z ≃ 2 in the Hubble Ultra-Deep Field (HUDF) and in the GOODS-South field detected with ALMA and Herschel and for which UV to near-infrared rest-frame ancillary data are available. We fit the data with CIGALE exploring different configurations for dust attenuation and star formation histories, considering either the full dataset or one that is reduced to the stellar and dust emission. We compare estimates of the dust luminosities, star formation rates, and stellar masses.
Results. The fit of the stellar continuum alone with the starburst attenuation law can only reproduce up to 50% of the total dust luminosity observed by Herschel and ALMA. This deficit is found to be marginally consistent with similar quantities estimated in the COSMOS field and is found to increase with the specific star formation rate. The combined stellar and dust SEDs are well fitted when different attenuation laws are introduced. Shallow attenuation curves are needed for the galaxies whose cold dust distribution is very compact compared to starlight. The stellar mass estimates are affected by the choice of the attenuation law. The star formation rates are robustly estimated as long as dust luminosities are available. The large majority of the galaxies are above the average main sequence of star forming galaxies and one source is a strong starburst.
Fehldiagnose eines genitalen Morbus Paget als Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus aufgrund verspäteter histologischer Diagnosesicherung
Authors: Elsner P. , Peckruhn M. , Meyer J. 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungEine Patientin mit Hautveränderungen im Bereich der Vulva wurde von einer Dermatologin unter der Diagnose eines Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus behandelt. Zum Ausschluss eines malignen Prozesses erfolgte die Überweisung an eine Gynäkologin zwecks Biopsie, die diese jedoch nicht vornahm. Die Dermatologin behandelte die Patientin über weitere dreieinhalb Jahre antientzündlich, bis durch eine bei einem anderen Gynäkologen durchgeführte Biopsie die Diagnose eines extramammären Morbus Paget gestellt wurde. Aufgrund des zwischenzeitlich ausgedehnten Befundes waren in der Folge wiederholte Vulvektomien mit erheblichen Residualschäden erforderlich.Von der Schlichtungsstelle wurde ein schuldhafter Befunderhebungsfehler bejaht. Die Übertragung der Durchführung der histopathologischen Diagnostik ohne Einforderung des Befundergebnisses bzw. die histologisch unkontrollierte Aufrechterhaltung der Diagnose bei regelmäßiger Befundkontrolle und Therapie über mehr als 3 Jahre waren als Fehler ärztlichen Handelns einzuordnen. Da es sich bei dem Biopsieauftrag um eine bloße Delegation einer genuin dermatologischen Leistung handelte, konnte sich die Dermatologin auch nicht auf den rechtlichen Grundsatz der „horizontalen Arbeitsteilung“ berufen. Indem sie die Patientin gleichwohl weiterbehandelte, bestand der Behandlungsvertrag, der sie persönlich zu einer Behandlung nach dermatologischem Facharztstandard verpflichtete, unverändert fort. Dermatologen sollten bei der Delegation diagnostischer Leistungen an andere Fachgebiete sicherstellen, dass diese Leistungen auch tatsächlich erbracht werden.Da Vulvakarzinome klinisch uncharakteristisch sein könnten, sollte bei dem geringsten Verdacht eine bioptische dermatohistologische Befundsicherung angestrebt werden.
Resection of a Meningioma at Craniocervical Junction through Far Lateral Approach: Two-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Yan Yong , Wang Hongxiang , Xu Tao , Gong Zhenyu , Hong Fan , Zhang Xu , Chen Juxiang 
Published: October 2019

Tumors located in the craniocervical junction region are significantly challenging for surgical resection. We shared our experience of a meningioma at craniocervical junction resected through far lateral approach in a 68-year-old female. The patient presented with intermittent headache with discomfort in the neck and shoulders for 3 years without any positive signs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a tumor of 3.6 cm × 3.0 cm × 2.5 cm lying at the ventral side of medulla oblongata, with T1 hypointensity, T2 hyperintensity, and a significant enhancement on T1-contrast image. The far lateral approach on the right side was planned to resect the tumor with a park-bench position. The patient underwent a standard craniotomy using a lazy S-shaped incision. The transposition of vertebral artery was performed carefully therein, followed by removal of part of the arches of atlas and axis. After exposure of the tumor, vertebral artery (VA) and posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) adhesive to the lesion could be seen operatively. Truncating the supplying blood vessels of the tumor was taken as the first step, followed by resecting the tumor mass in a piecemeal manner. While preserving VA, PICA, posterior nerves, medulla oblongata, and cervical cord, gross-total resection was achieved under the careful operation. The patient tolerated the procedure well without any neurological deficits. Histological examination confirmed the tumor as a meningioma (World Health Organization [WHO] grade I). Postoperative MRI scan depicted complete resection of the tumor. The patient remained symptom free without any evidence of recurrence during the follow-up period of 1 year. Informed consent was obtained from the patient.The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/i9H-wS4fF10.
Impact of passive measures on indoor thermal environment and energy consumption under various operating modes of HVAC equipment
Authors: Jiandong Ran , Ke Xiong , Mingfang Tang , Zhenjing Yang , Ya Feng 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Based on the characteristics of climatic conditions and intermittent energy use in the hot summer and cold winter regions, this paper takes a simplified residential building in Chongqing as an example, use DesignBuilder to simulate and explore the influence of passive methods on the indoor thermal environment and energy consumption of buildings. To make the cooling method used more in line with the actual situation of the residents, this research uses the passive cooling technology such as sunshades and ventilation, and combine them with the intermittent operated air conditioner to achieve a comfortable condition in the room. Under the thermal parameters of the building envelopes were set according to the current 65% energy-saving standards, the results show that the sunshade combined with the intermittent ventilation can extend the non-air-conditioning period of 2041 hours. The building energy consumption of the method combined intermittent air conditioner with sunshade and intermittent ventilation is 22.2 Kwh/m2, which is 56.5% lower than the continuous air conditioner operation.
The effect of airflow rate control on the performance of a fan-assisted solar air heating façade
Authors: Isaia Francesco , Fantucci Stefano , Serra Valentina , Longo Valeria 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Solar Air Heating Façades (SAHF) can exploit solar radiation to partially fulfil the building heating and ventilation demand. This study was developed starting from an experimental campaign on a full scale fan-assisted SAHF applied to an outdoor test cell (TWINS) located in Torino (Italy). The data gathered from the monitoring activity were used to validate a white box model, developed in EnergyPlus. An axial fan drives the airflow through the façade; therefore, the supplied air temperature can be controlled by changing the fan speed. For this purpose, a PID (Proportional Integrative Derivative) controller was developed. This study demonstrates that the application of different control strategies significantly affects the façade overall performance and behaviour. Results highlight that the system can reach an average seasonal solar efficiency of up to 30%. Furthermore, by operating the system in heating-mode only and controlling the supply air temperature at 25°C, the system operates for 30% of the heating season, while at 40°C the system can provide fresh pre-heated air with an higher exergy level for the 10% of the winter period. Fan-assisted SAHF represent a valuable retrofit strategy solution in all buildings that present space limitations for the installation of centralised ventilation systems, helping to address the nZEB target requirements.
A benchmark test for room air distribution: the backward facing step flow
Authors: Nielsen P V , Zhang C , Kjær C T , Leiria D , Nørholm H , Ramstad T , Rovithakis A , Jensen R L 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This paper concerns the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for the prediction of room air movement and provide a guide on selecting of the proper turbulence model. The benchmark which developed here for the first time is a backward-facing step flow problem. The measurements is performed in a small-scale model and the velocity filed is measured by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The measurements focus on transitional flow and fully developed turbulent flow at isothermal condition. The PIV measurements and different CFD predictions are compared. The CFD predictions are generally slightly diverse, and this is, among other things, the result of using different turbulence models as well as using different software codes, grid distribution and boundary values etc. The k-ε family of turbulence models is an option for fully developed flow, and the k-ω family does work for transitional low turbulent flow in this backward-facing step flow.