bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning outcomes of children with teacher‐identified emerging health and developmental needs
Authors: O'Connor Meredith , Chong Shiau , Quach Jon , Goldfeld Sharon 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesChildren's additional health and developmental needs are often first identified by teachers when they begin school. This study estimates the Grade 3 literacy and numeracy outcomes of children with teacher‐identified additional needs emerging in the first year of school, including the added burden conferred by socioeconomic disadvantage.MethodsPopulation linked data (n = 42,619) were analysed from the Australian Early Development Census, which include teacher reports on children's health and development at school entry, and the National Assessment Program–Literacy and Numeracy, a direct assessment of reading and numeracy skills at Grade 3. Linear regression analyses were used to estimate associations between emerging needs and learning outcomes, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. The combined effect of emerging needs and low maternal education (an indicator of socioeconomic disadvantage) on academic outcomes was examined by estimating the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI).ResultsEmerging health and developmental needs at school entry were associated with lower reading (b = −26.86, 95% CI = −29.19, −24.52) and numeracy (b = −24.39, 95% CI = −26.43, −22.35) outcomes at Grade 3. The combined effect of emerging needs and socioeconomic disadvantage was greater than expected when their individual effects are summed (RERI = 0.38, 95% CI 0.22, 0.55 for reading and RERI = 0.27, 95% CI 0.10, 0.43 for numeracy).ConclusionIn the current study, emerging health and developmental needs identified by teachers at the outset of schooling were associated with poorer literacy and numeracy skills at Grade 3, and family socioeconomic disadvantage appeared to further amplify this effect. Meeting the needs of these children will require timely and coordinated supports across the health and education systems, particularly for those children who are also disadvantaged.
Decreased long‐term graft survival in persistent biliary complications after right‐lobe living‐donor liver transplantation
Authors: Ogiso Satoshi , Kamei Hideya , Onishi Yasuharu , Kurata Nobuhiko , Jobara Kanta , Kawashima Hiroki , Ogura Yasuhiro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundLong‐term outcomes after endoscopic treatment of post‐transplant biliary complications have not been fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of biliary complications on graft survival after right‐lobe living‐donor liver transplantation (R‐LDLT).MethodFrom a single‐institutional prospectively maintained database, all patients who underwent R‐LDLT between 1999 and 2017 were included. Data on patient demographics, complications, endoscopic treatment, and graft survival were retrieved for analyses.ResultsAmong 111 patients who underwent R‐LDLT, 33 (29.7%) developed biliary complications; of these, 19 (17.1%) were treated with biliary stenting, and the stent was removed following resolution of biliary complications in 8 of the 19 (42.1%) patients. The graft survival rate was 88.0% and 85.6% at 5‐ and 10‐year follow‐up, respectively, in patients without biliary complications, which was similar to that of the patients with resolved biliary complications (81.3% at 5‐ and 10‐year follow‐up, P = .68) but higher than that of patients having persistent (unresolved) biliary complications (61.4% and 49.1% at 5‐ and 10‐year follow‐up, respectively, P = .04).ConclusionPost‐transplant persistent biliary complications, unresolved after endoscopic management and requiring prolonged biliary stenting, are associated with inferior graft survival. However, patients with resolved biliary complications achieve a favorable long‐term survival similar to patients without biliary complications.
Cutaneous intestinal metaplasia: An unusual cause of peristomal complication with malignant potential
Authors: Tinker Daniel G. , Roberts Sammie , Hurley M. Yadira , Missall Tricia A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPeristomal ulcer with cutaneous intestinal metaplasia, defined by scattered colonic crypts within variably intact epidermis, is an exceedingly rare pathologic diagnosis, which possesses the potential to progress to primary adenocarcinoma. Herein, we report the third case of cutaneous intestinal metaplasia in a peristomal ulcer and emphasize the importance of diagnosis and surveillance when managing this rare entity.
Above parr: Lowland river habitat characteristics associated with higher juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and brown trout (S. trutta) densities
Authors: Marsh Jessica E. , Lauridsen Rasmus B. , Gregory Stephen D. , Beaumont William R. C. , Scott Luke J. , Kratina Pavel , Jones J. Iwan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUnderstanding juvenile salmonid habitat requirements is critical for their effective management, but little is known about these requirements in lowland rivers, which include important but unique salmonid habitats. We compared the relative influence of in‐stream Ranunculus cover, water depth, prey abundance, distance upstream and two previously unexplored factors (water velocity heterogeneity and site colonisation potential) on summer densities of juvenile Atlantic salmon and brown trout. We applied electrofishing, habitat surveys and macroinvertebrate kick sampling, and calculated the site colonisation potential from salmon redd surveys across 18–22 sites in a lowland river in 2015–2017. Due to a recruitment crash in 2016, models including and excluding this unusual year were explored. Excluding 2016 data, juvenile salmon densities showed a positive association with Ranunculus cover and numbers of nearby upstream redds, and a negative association with distance upstream from the tidal limit. Trout densities were positively associated with velocity heterogeneity, indicating a potential indirect influence of Ranunculus mediated by water velocity. When including 2016, year had the largest effect on densities of both species, highlighting the impact of the recruitment failure. These findings uncover interspecific differences in the habitat requirements of juvenile salmonids in lowland rivers. Velocity heterogeneity and site colonisation potential had high explanatory power, highlighting that they should be considered in future studies of habitat use. These findings demonstrate that temporal replication and recruitment dynamics are important considerations when exploring species–habitat associations. We discuss potential management implications and argue that Ranunculus cover could be an important management tool in conservation of lowland salmonids.
Temperature‐dependent characteristics of DH36 steel fatigue crack propagation
Authors: Zhao Weidong , Feng Guoqing , Ren Huilong , Leira Bernt Johan , Zhang Ming 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDH36 steel is a widely used material in marine engineering. The fatigue crack propagation rates of DH36 steel at low temperatures have a crucial influence on the fatigue strength of structures operating in polar environments. The objective of this paper is to investigate the fatigue crack propagation behaviour of DH36 steel at low temperatures (−60°C to 20°C) by carrying out tensile tests and fatigue crack propagation tests of DH36 steel, in order to obtain the fatigue crack propagation behaviour of DH36 steel. The influence of the elastic modulus on the crack length measured by the compliance method is considered. On the basis of the Paris law, the crack propagation rate at different temperatures is investigated. The results and the observed failure modes indicated that fatigue ductile‐to‐brittle transition (FDBT) occurred as the temperature was lowered.
Insights into the horizontal movements, migration patterns, and stock affiliation of California swordfish
Authors: Sepulveda Chugey A. , Wang Michael , Aalbers Scott A. , Alvarado-Bremer Jaime R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study reports on the horizontal movements of swordfish (Xiphias gladius L.) tagged during deep‐set fishery trials off the California coastline. Position estimates from several electronic tag types were used to better understand swordfish stock structure and regional affiliation with current boundary hypotheses used to manage swordfish in the eastern north Pacific. Swordfish were outfitted with (a) satellite‐linked mark–recapture tags (n = 66), (b) electronic data storage tags that were recaptured (n = 16), (c) fin‐mounted Argos transmitters (n = 6), and (d) satellite‐linked archival tags (n = 4). Twenty‐six percent of tagged swordfish reported close to (<225 km) their deployment location within the southern California Bight (SCB). Of the 50 swordfish that moved outside the SCB, 76% exhibited affiliation to the Eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO) management unit, 20% moved into the Western and Central North Pacific (WCNP) and 4% spent time within both the EPO and WCNP boundaries. Mean displacement between deployment and reporting locations was 1,250 ± 1,375 km, with daily rates of movement up to 55 km/day. Seasonal migrations ranged from the equator (0.8°N.132.4°W) to the Hawaiian Islands (17.0°N/154.2°W), with multiple individuals returning to the initial tagging locations the subsequent season. Seasonal site fidelity exhibited by several individuals highlights the importance of the SCB foraging grounds. While no evidence of trans‐equatorial or trans‐Pacific crossing was documented, extensive movements validate the highly migratory nature of California swordfish and support the need for future inclusion of spatial distribution data in management. Findings suggest that SCB swordfish may exhibit a higher level of EPO connectivity than previously proposed.
Laboratory measurement of factor replacement therapies in the treatment of congenital haemophilia: A United Kingdom Haemophilia Centre Doctors’ Organisation guideline
Authors: Gray Elaine , Kitchen Steve , Bowyer Annette , Chowdary Pratima , Jenkins P. Vincent , Murphy Paul , Platton Sean , Riddell Anne , Lester Will 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAssay discrepancies can occur with laboratory monitoring of FVIII and FIX replacement therapy, particularly for the extended half‐life products. This guideline collates current published data and provides advice on appropriate choice of assays for laboratory measurement of replacement therapy for patients with Haemophilia A and B without inhibitors. It is recommended that each haemophilia centre should ensure that appropriate laboratory assays are available for FVIII and FIX products in local clinical use. Patient samples should be assayed against calibrators traceable to WHO Plasma International Standards. Assay discrepancies are common especially for the extended half‐life FVIII and FIX products, and assays of these products may need to be verified with the specific CFC being used.
Associations among liver disease, serum lipid profile, body mass index, ketonuria, meal skipping, and the alcohol dehydrogenase‐1B and aldehyde dehydrogenase‐2 genotypes in Japanese men with alcohol dependence
Authors: Yokoyama Akira , Taniki Nobuhito , Nakamoto Nobuhiro , Tomita Kengo , Hara Sachiko , Mizukami Takeshi , Maruyama Katsuya , Yokoyama Tetsuji 
Published: December 2019

AimTo elucidate associations among liver disease, lipid profile, body mass index (BMI), ketonuria, and meal skipping under the influence of alcohol dehydrogenase‐1B (ADH1B; rs1229984) and aldehyde dehydrogenase‐2 (ALDH2; rs671) genotypes in men with alcohol dependence.MethodsWe investigated the associations among these variables in 1768 Japanese men with alcohol dependence. Serum lipid levels were followed up after abstinence.ResultsThe slow‐metabolizing ADH1B Arg/Arg genotype and inactive ALDH2 Glu/Lys genotype increased the age‐ and drinking‐adjusted odds ratio or regression coefficient for fatty liver, ketonuria, and serum high‐density‐lipoprotein cholesterol levels (HDL‐C), and decreased these for cirrhosis and serum triglyceride levels (TG). The ADH1B Arg/Arg genotype increased the adjusted regression coefficient for BMI and non‐HDL‐C. In addition to the positive interlinkage among fatty liver, BMI, and atherogenic dyslipidemia, positive associations were observed of fatty liver with ketonuria and meal skipping, of cirrhosis with the BMI, and of ketonuria with non‐HDL‐C. Negative associations were observed of cirrhosis with fatty liver, TG, non‐HDL‐C, and HDL‐C, and of ketonuria with BMI and TG. Overall, after admission for 4 or 6 weeks, the TG and HDL‐C decreased, and the serum low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels increased. However, there was no change of the serum low‐density lipoprotein in the patients with cirrhosis or of the serum TG in those with fatty liver.ConclusionsThese associations and the alterations in lipid profile after abstinence serve as useful information for a better understanding of the clinical features of men with alcohol dependence.
Cervical adenocarcinoma: integration of HPV status, pattern of invasion, morphology and molecular markers into classification
Authors: Park Kay J 
Published: December 2019

Cervical adenocarcinoma is a heterogenous group of tumours with various aetiologies, molecular drivers, morphologies, response to treatment and prognosis. It has become evident that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection does not drive all adenocarcinomas, and appropriate classification is critical for patient management, especially in the era of the HPV vaccine and HPV‐only screening. Identified as one of the most important developments in gynaecological pathology during the past 50 years, the separation of cervical adenocarcinomas into HPV‐associated (HPVA) and HPV‐independent has resulted in a transformation of the classification system for cervical adenocarcinomas. HPVA has been traditionally subclassified by morphology, such as usual type (UEA), mucinous and villoglandular, etc. However, it has become evident that cell type‐based histomorphological classification is not clinically meaningful, and the newly proposed International Endocervical Adenocarcinoma Criteria and Classification (IECC) is a necessary and relevant break from this prior system. Non‐HPV‐associated adenocarcinomas can be divided by their distinct morphology and molecular genomics with very different responses to standard therapies and potential for future targeted therapies. These include gastric‐type, clear‐cell, mesonephric and endometrioid adenocarcinomas. So‐called ‘serous’ carcinomas of the cervix probably represent morphological variants of UEA or drop metastases from uterine or adnexal serous carcinomas, and the existence of true cervical serous carcinomas is in question. This review will discuss the advances since WHO 2014, and how HPV status, pattern of invasion as described by Silva and colleagues, histological features and molecular markers can be used to refine diagnosis and prognostication for patients with cervical adenocarcinoma.
Deubiquitinase inhibitor degrasyn suppresses metastasis by targeting USP5‐WT1‐E‐cadherin signalling pathway in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Jiajia , Li Haiying , Zhu Weijian , Zhou Bin , Ying Jianchao , Wu Jiansheng , Zhang Huxiang , Sun Hongwei , Gao Shenmeng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWilm's tumour‐1 (WT1) is overexpressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and enhances metastasis. Deubiquitination stabilizes target proteins, and inhibiting deubiquitination facilitates the degradation of target proteins. However, whether inhibiting deubiquitination of WT1 facilitates its degradation and presents anti‐cancer ability in PDAC is unknown. Here, we found that deubiquitinase inhibitor degrasyn rapidly induced the degradation of endogenous and exogenous WT1 through enhancing ubiquitination of WT1 followed by the up‐regulation of E‐cadherin. Knockdown of WT1 by short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) inhibited metastasis and overexpression of WT1 partially prevented degrasyn‐induced anti‐metastasis activity, suggesting that degrasyn presents anti‐metastasis activity partially through degrading WT1 protein. We further identified that USP5 deubiquitinated WT1 and stabilized its expression. The higher expressions of USP5 and WT1 are associated with tumour metastasis. More importantly, degrasyn inhibited the activity of USP5 and overexpression of USP5 partially prevented degrasyn‐induced degradation of WT1 protein, suggesting that degrasyn degraded WT1 protein through inhibiting the activity of USP5. Finally, degrasyn reduced the tumorigenicity in a xenograft mouse model and reduced the metastasis in vivo. Our results indicate that degrasyn presents strong anti‐cancer activity through USP5‐WT1‐E‐cadherin signalling in PDAC. Therefore, degrasyn holds promise as cancer therapeutic agent in PDAC with high expressions of USP5 and WT1.
Premature birth stunts early growth and is a possible driver of stress‐induced maternal effects in the guppy Poecilia reticulata
Authors: Ord James , Holmes Kelle E. , Holt William V. , Fazeli Alireza , Watt Penelope J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe tested the effects of gestational stress, principally in the form of alarm cue extracted from the skin of conspecifics, on reproduction in female guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and the growth and behaviour of their offspring. Offspring from mothers exposed to alarm cue exhibited stunted growth in the first few days post‐partum, which appeared to be mediated by shortening of the gestation period, the length of which directly correlated with growth rate within the first 6 days post‐partum. Mature offspring did not differ in behaviour or stress responses compared with controls and so the effects of maternal predation stress did not appear to persist into adulthood. A different form of gestational stress, dietary restriction, did not significantly affect offspring growth, though brood size was reduced, suggesting that the effects of predation stress were not mediated by differences in resource demand or consumption.
Mapping Associations Between Gait Decline and Fall Risk in Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Pieruccini‐Faria Frederico , Sarquis‐Adamson Yanina , Anton‐Rodrigo Ivan , Noguerón‐García Alicia , Bray Nick W. , Camicioli Richard , Muir‐Hunter Susan W. , Speechley Mark , McIlroy Bill , Montero‐Odasso Manuel 
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVESCompared to their cognitively healthy counterparts, older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) exhibit higher risk of falls, specifically with injuries. We sought to determine whether fall risk in MCI is associated with decline in higher‐level brain gait control.DESIGNLongitudinal study.SETTINGCommunity‐dwelling adults from the Gait and Brain Study Cohort.PARTICIPANTSA total of 110 participants, aged 65 years or older, with MCI.MEASUREMENTSBiannual assessments for medical characteristics, cognitive performance, fall incidence, and gait performance for up to 7 years. Seven spatiotemporal gait parameters, including variabilities, were recorded using a 6‐meter electronic walkway. Principal components analysis was used to identify independent gait domains related to higher‐level (pace and variability domains) and lower‐level (rhythm domain) brain control. Associations between gait decline and incident falls were studied with Cox regression models adjusted for baseline covariates.RESULTSOf participants enrolled, 40% experienced at least one fall (28% of them with injuries) over a mean follow‐up of 31.6 ± 23.9 months. From the pace domain, slower gait speed (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] per 10‐cm/s decrease = 4.62; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.84‐11.61; P = .001) was associated with severe injurious falls requiring emergency room (ER) visit; from the variability domain, stride time variability (aHR per 10% increase during follow‐up = 2.17; 95% CI = 1.02‐4.63; P = .04) was associated with higher risk of all injurious falls. Rhythm domain was not associated with fall risk. Decline in pace domain was significantly associated with falls with ER visit (aHR = 3.67; 95% CI = 1.46‐9.19; P = .005). After adjustments for multiple comparisons, gait speed and pace domain remained significantly associated with falls with ER visits. No statistically significant associations were found between gait domains and overall falls (P ≥ .06).CONCLUSIONHigher risk of injurious falls in older adults with MCI is associated with decline in gait parameters related to higher‐level brain control. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:576–584, 2020
Cryptic metasomatic agent measured in situ in Variscan mantle rocks: Melt inclusions in garnet of eclogite, Granulitgebirge, Germany
Authors: Borghini Alessia , Ferrero Silvio , O’Brien Patrick J. , Laurent Oscar , Günter Christina , Ziemann Martin A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGarnet of eclogite (formerly termed garnet clinopyroxenite) hosted in lenses of orogenic garnet peridotite from the Granulitgebirge, NW Bohemian Massif, contains unique inclusions of granitic melt, now either glassy or crystallized. Analysed glasses and re‐homogenized inclusions are hydrous, peraluminous, and enriched in highly incompatible elements characteristic of the continental crust such as Cs, Li, B, Pb, Rb, Th, and U. The original melt thus represents a pristine, chemically evolved metasomatic agent, which infiltrated the mantle via deep continental subduction during the Variscan orogeny. The bulk chemical composition of the studied eclogites is similar to that of Fe‐rich basalt and the enrichment in LILE and U suggest a subduction‐related component. All these geochemical features confirm metasomatism. In comparison with many other garnet+clinopyroxene‐bearing lenses in peridotites of the Bohemian Massif, the studied samples from Rubinberg and Klatschmühle are more akin to eclogite than pyroxenites, as reflected in high jadeite content in clinopyroxene, relatively low Mg, Cr, and Ni but relatively high Ti. However, trace elements of both bulk rock and individual mineral phases show also important differences making these samples rather unique. Metasomatism involving a melt requiring a trace element pattern very similar to the composition reported here has been suggested for the source region of rocks of the so‐called durbachite suite, that is, ultrapotassic melanosyenites, which are found throughout the high‐grade Variscan basement. Moreover, the Th, U, Pb, Nb, Ta, and Ti patterns of these newly studied melt inclusions (MI) strongly resemble those observed for peridotite and its enclosed pyroxenite from the T‐7 borehole (Staré, České Středhoři Mountains) in N Bohemia. This suggests that a similar kind of crustal‐derived melt also occurred here. This study of granitic MI in eclogites from peridotites has provided the first direct characterization of a preserved metasomatic melt, possibly responsible for the metasomatism of several parts of the mantle in the Variscides.
Elevated activity levels do not influence extrinsic fiber attachment morphology on the surface of muscle‐attachment sites
Authors: Turcotte Cassandra M. , Green David J. , Kupczik Kornelius , McFarlin Shannon , Schulz‐Kornas Ellen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractExtrinsic fibers (EFs) are a type of penetrating collagenous fiber, closely related to the periodontal ligament, which help anchor soft tissue into bone. These fibers are associated with muscle attachment sites (entheses). Their size and grouping patterns are thought to be indicative of the loading history of the muscle. EFs are of particular significance in anthropology as potential tools for the reconstruction of behavior from skeletal remains and, specifically, entheses. In this study, we used a mouse model to experimentally test how activity level alters the morphology of EF insertion sites on the bone surface of a fibrocartilaginous enthesis, the biceps brachii insertion. Further, we adapted surface metrological techniques from studies of dental wear to perform automated, quantitative and non‐destructive analysis of bone surface histology. Our results show that experimentally increased activity had no significant effect on the quantity or density of EF insertions at the enthesis, nor on the size of those insertions. Although EF presence does indicate muscle attachment, activity did not have an observable effect on EF morphology.