bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Democratising and Anticipating Everyday Futures Through Critical Design: A Review of Exemplars
Authors: Kuijer Lenneke 
Published: October 2020

This article explores design’s relation with the future by analysing a collection of exemplars from design fiction and speculative design for their potential to democratise and anticipate visions of future everyday life in design. Future visions – both implicit and explicit ones – have a realising power of their own. This is especially true for design, the products of which co-shape the lives of millions of users. Rather than calling for a “better” future vision however, this paper draws on research from the social sciences and futures studies to argue for the importance of diversifying and enriching visions of future everyday life within design. Critical design is well equipped to contribute to this objective because it questions the status quo and is relatable and actionable for designers. The paper reviews exemplars from critical design for their potential to democratise and anticipate future everyday life.
To analyse their ways of engaging with future everyday life, the exemplars are positioned in the future cone model of probable, possible and preferred futures. Through this positioning, a distinction emerged between two forms of critical future engagement: alternative fictions and extrapolative fictions. Alternative fictions are explicitly positioned outside of generally expected futures, while extrapolative fictions are explicitly positioned within them. Both have their own strengths and limitations for democratising and anticipating future everyday life.
Alternative fictions enrol actors as “future people” and create scenes to depict future contexts, but can also include deployments in present day contexts to explore alternative human-artefact relations. Alternative fictions tend to be accompanied by alternative design practices. Extrapolative fictions do not include deployments and rarely propose alternative design practices, but they can play an important role in highlighting the underexposed risks of mainstream design pursuits.
Critical design can and should play a role in democratising and anticipating future everyday life. Alternative and extrapolative fictions can complement each other in this pursuit. Extrapolative fictions question the status quo from within and use the power of design to highlight underexposed aspects of expected futures. Alternative fictions question the status quo from without and use the power of design to creatively generate different objects that can be used to flesh out alternative ways of living and their related context. Further research is needed into how critical fictions are best integrated into mainstream design practices.
Pengaruh Penambahan Aspergilllus niger terhadap Kandungan Nutrien pada Proses Fermentasi Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao)
Authors: Yakin Engkus Ainul , Sariri Ahimsa Kandi , Sukaryani Sri 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This research goal is to determine the nutrient content increased and decreased lignin content of cocoa pod fermented by Aspergillus niger. The assessment method was performed using the three treatments and four replications. T0 = cocoa pod fermentation without the addition of Aspergillus niger, T1 = cocoa pod fermentation by the addition of 5% Aspergillus niger, and T2 = cocoa pod fermentation by the addition of 10% of Aspergillus niger. Fresh cocoa pods were chopped to a size of 1-2 cm. Some of the cocoa pods are directly chopped, rolled, and dried while the rest are supplemented with Aspergillus niger. The mixture is stored within an aerobic medium for seven days. Observed variables include dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CFt), crude fat (CF), and lignin. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance unidirectional pattern (Oneway ANOVA) of the completely randomized design (completely randomized design), then if there are significant differences will be further tested by Duncan multiple range test. The results showed that cocoa pod fermented with A. niger decrease of dry matter, crude fat, crude fiber, and lignin. The conclusion is the addition of Aspergillus niger 5% will lower the lignin content (5.38%) compared to without the addition of Aspergillus niger (7.84%).
Keywords: Aspergillus niger; Cocoa pod; Fermentation; Lignin

Abstrak
Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kandungan nutrien dan penurunan kandungan lignin dari kulit buah kakao (KBK) yang difermentasi dengan A. niger. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu menggunakan tiga perlakuan dan empat ulangan. P0 = KBK fermentasi tanpa penambahan A. niger, P1 = KBK fermentasi dengan penambahan 5% A. niger, dan P2=KBK fermentasi dengan penambahan 10% A. niger . KBK segar dicacah dengan ukuran 1-2 cm. Sebagian KBK yang dicacah langsung dikeringkan kemudian digiling dan sebagian lainnya diberi penambahan A. niger. Campuran dimasukkan ke dalam wadah aerob selama 7 hari. Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan desain penelitian rancangan acak lengkap. Variabel yang diamati meliputi kandungan bahan kering (BK), protein kasar (PK), serat kasar (SK), lemak kasar (LK) dan lignin. Data dianalisis menggunakan sidik ragam pola searah (oneway ANOVA) dan dilanjutkan uji jarak berganda Duncan (Duncan multiple range test/DMRT), apabila nilai P<0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fermentasi kulit buah kakao dengan A. niger menurunkan kandungan air, lemak kasar, serat kasar dan lignin. Disimpulkan bahwa penambahan A. niger 5% dapat menurunkan kandungan lignin (5,38%) dibandingkan dengan tanpa penambahan A. niger 10% (7,84%).
Kata kunci : Aspergillus niger; Fermentasi; Kulit buah kakao; Lignin
Analisis Jumlah Coliform dan Faecal Coli (MPN) pada Daging Sapi dan Ayam di Kota Manokwari
Authors: Ollong Abdul Rahman , Palulungan John Arnold , Arizona Rizki 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Beef and chicken meat are potential as a medium for microbial growth such as coliform bacteria since it has a high nutrients content. Coliform bacteria in a given amount could be used as a hygienic indicator and a sign for the presence of pathogenic bacteria. The aimed of this research was to determine the amount of coliform and Escherichia coli on fresh beef and broiler chicken. The bacterial tests included qualitative tests as presumptive test, confirmed test, completed test whereas quantitavely test as Most Probable Number (MPN) to test the number of coliform and faecal coli. The results showed that pH in beef meat is normal and chicken meat shows under normal pH (pH in beef anf chicken meat are 5,7 – 5,98). Coliform and faecal coli bacteria was detected in 100% of samples had MPN values > 1 MPN/g. It means that the value do not meet eligibility criteria consumption. The high number of Coliform and faecal coli contamination in beef and chicken meat were supposed in relation with market sanitation, cross contamination with other food, low knowledge about hygiene.
Keywords: Number of coliform; Beef and chicken; Traditional market

Abstrak
Daging sapi dan ayam memiliki kandungan nutrisi yang tinggi sehingga menjadi media yang baik untuk pertumbuhan mikroba. Salah satu jenis bakteri yang sering mengkontaminasi yaitu coliform dan faecal coli yang merupakan indikator higienis dan sebagai tanda keberadaan bakteri patogen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung jumlah coliform dan faecal coli pada sampel daging sapi dan ayam yang dijual di pasar traditional kota Manokwari menggunakan uji kualitatif yaitu uji presumptive test, confirmed test, completed test sedangkan kuantitatif yaitu Most Probable Number (MPN) untuk menguji jumlah coliform dan faecal coli. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai pH daging sapi dalam kisaran normal dan pH ayam tergolong rendah yang semuanya pada kisaran 5,7 – 5,98; dan 100% sampel daging sapi, ayam dan pedagang daging terkontaminasi bakteri coliform dan faecal coli dengan nilai MPN yang tidak memenuhi kriteria kelayakan konsumsi, yakni > 1 MPN/g. Tingginya cemaran coliform dan faecal coli pada daging sapi dan ayam terkait dengan faktor kualitas sanitasi pasar, kontaminasi silang dengan bahan makanan lain dan pengetahuan higienitas yang rendah.
Kata kunci : Jumlah coliform dan faecal coli; Daging sapi dan ayam; Pasar Tradisional
Artists from Primorsky Krai at the New York’s exhibition facilities
Authors: Volkogonov Y.I. 
Published: October 2020

The article describes the conditions and prerequisites for the creation of the Center for Contemporary Russian Culture and the Museum of Contemporary Russian Art in Vladivostok. The chronology of personal and group exhibitions at the sites of New York and Jersey City (USA), with the participation of artists from the Primorsky Krai, is indicated. The article describes the activities of Alexander Glezer and Alexander Gorodny in organizing exhibitions in Russia and abroad. The author gives an overview of the personal exhibitions of Alexander Pyrkov, Ilyas Zinatulin, Lilia Zinatulin, Fernan Zinatulin, Evgeny Makeev, Vladimir Ganin, Valery Shapranov, Anatoly Zaugolnov. Fragments of statements by art criticism and assessments of the works of Primorye artists by the American press are given.
В статье изложены условия и предпосылки создания в г. Владивостоке Центра современной русской культуры и Музея современного русского искусства. Указана хронология персональных и групповых выставок на площадках Нью-Йорка и Джерси-Сити (США) с участием художников Приморского края. Описана деятельность Александра Глезера и Александра Городнего по организации выставок в России и за рубежом. Дан обзор персональных выставок Александра Пыркова, Ильяса, Лилии и Фернана Зинатулиных, Евгения Макеева, Владимира Ганина, Валерия Шапранова, Анатолия Заугольнова. Приведены фрагменты высказываний арт-критики и оценок творчества приморских художников американской прессой.
Influence of images of the Great Patriotic War on the scenography of Krasnoyarsk in 1950–1980s
Authors: Voronova M.V. 
Published: October 2020

This article contains a brief overview of the main performances of Krasnoyarsk theaters in the 1950s – 1970s, that depicts the theme of the Great Patriotic War. Its importance in the region's scenography and its main stylistic and aesthetic features were analyzed. The author continues to research materials about the history and aesthetic programs of Krasnoyarsk theaters in a new perspective. Previously, the whole picture of the development of theatrical and decorative art and scenography of Eastern Siberia was considered, without delving into the specifics of the embodiment of military themes in the perception of different generations of theater masters. This study examines the development of visual solutions for performances — the transition from a realistic to a philosophical interpretation. As a result, was found out the degree of influence on the quality of artistic design of performances and the nature of scenography in Krasnoyarsk in during the specified period, as well as the perspective for the development of the theme in the future.
Статья содержит краткий обзор основных спектаклей красноярских театров 1950–1980-х годов, в которых так или иначе затрагивается тема Великой Отечественной войны. Анализируется ее важность в сценографии региона и основные стилистические и эстетические особенности. Автор продолжает исследование материалов об истории и эстетических программах красноярских театров в новом ракурсе: если ранее рассматривалась вся картина развития театрально-декорационного искусства и сценографии Восточной Сибири, без углубления в специфику воплощения военной тематики в восприятии разных поколений мастеров театра, то в данном исследовании изучается развитие изобразительного решения спектаклей — переход от реалистической к философской трактовке. В итоге выявляется степень влияния тематики на качество художественного оформления спектаклей и общий характер сценографии в Красноярске в обозначенный период, а также перспективы развития темы в дальнейшем.
Paintings by Yuri Pimenov in the collection of the State Art Museum of Altai Krai
Authors: Kanaryova T.N. 
Published: October 2020

The article presents the results of research on a number of previously undescribed works by Yuri Pimenov, an academician of the USSR Academy of arts and people's artist of the USSR. The author for the first time carried out a comparative analysis of three paintings from the collection of the State Art Museum of Altai Krai – “Railway station”, “Apple Trees in the rain” and “Decorating the column”. Here coloristics, composition and plot of paintings are studied. The author analyzes the motif of the way and road, the characters of each painting, and describes the color scheme of the paintings. Similar features and motives have been identified in paintings belonging to the pre-war, post-war periods and the time of Great Patriotic war. The described paintings deepen the idea of Yuri Pimenov as an artist of the war years.
Статья посвящена исследованию ряда ранее не описанных работ академика Академии художеств СССР, народного художника СССР Юрия Ивановича Пименова. Впервые проведен сравнительный анализ трех картин, находящихся в коллекции Государственного художественного музея Алтайского края: «Железнодорожная станция», «Яблони в дождь» и «Украшение колонны». Автор исследует колористику, композицию и сюжет живописных произведений. Проанализирован мотив пути-дороги, разобраны герои каждого полотна, описано цветовое решение картин. Выявлены схожие черты и мотивы в произведениях, принадлежащих к довоенному, военному и послевоенному периодам. Описанные картины углубляют представление о Юрии Пименове как художнике военных лет.
Effects of Carnosic and Gallic Acid on Ram Sperm Parameters and Seminal Plasma Homocysteine-Nesfatin Levels after Thawing
Authors: OZTURK Caner , GÜNGÖR Şükrü , AKSOY Neşe Hayat , İNANÇ Muhammed 
Published: October 2020

In the presented study, the protective role of carnosic and gallic acid on post-thaw ram sperm acrosome and membrane integrity was examined, homocysteine and nesfatin levels were determined.
Six ejaculates for each ram were used in the study. Each ejaculate, split into five equal aliquots was diluted with extenders including 0.05 mM gallic acid (GA), 2 mM gallic acid, 0.05 mM carnosic acid (CA), 0.2 mM carnosic acid and no additive (control) at 37 °C cooled to 5 °C then frozen at nitrogen vapor.
Freeze-thawed ram semen viability was achieved in gallic acid 2mM (57.13± 2.38%) group and statistical difference was found with control group (45.08±2.98%) (p0.05). The lowest level of homocysteine was obtained in the gallic acid groups (0.67±0.11 and 0.61±0.26 μmol/L) and was found statistically different with the control group (1.36±0.9 μmol/L) (p0.05).
GA supplementation in ram semen extender has been determined to protect viability and membrane integrity also to decrease homocysteine level. There was no significant difference between the groups in the evaluation of nesfatin level.
The Effect of Electronic Flashcards on EFL Students' Vocabulary Learning: The Case of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alghamdi Asma A. , Elyas Tariq 
Published: October 2020

This study aimed to investigate the effect of electronic flashcards on EFL vocabulary learning of preparatory-year female students at a Saudi Arabia. It was conducted following the quantitative research methodology with a quasi-experimental design. Two groups were assigned: an experimental group who used electronic flashcards, and a control group who employed the traditional method of vocabulary learning. A pre-test and a post-test were administered in order to appraise their performance before and after the experiment. The results revealed that the post-test scores of students in the experimental group were significantly higher than their pre-test. Also, the results showed that electronic flashcards promoted students' vocabulary, causing a statistical significance in comparison to the control group. Based on these findings, this study was able to draw a number of implications and recommendations
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN SARANA SEKOLAH TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DI KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Lakapu Pifa Arita , Y. Faot Imanuel 
Published: October 2020

Motivasi yang berhasil pada seorang siswa pasti juga akan berhasil pada siswa yang lain. Seorang siswa yang mempunyai intelengensi yang cukup tinggi, busa gagal kurang adanya motivasi dalam belajarnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ada dan tidaknya motivasi siswa serta sarana dan prasarana yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar anak di kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Inpres Oekaem. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh motivasi belajar, dan sarana prasarana belajar terhadap hasil belajar anak kelas IV SD Inpres Oekaem. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif. Subjek yang digunakan adalah siswa kelas IV di SD Inpres Oekaem, Desa Meusin, Kecamatan Boking, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan-Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Sedangkan sampel penelitian adalah 40 siswa yang yang terdiri dari 2 kelas yakni kelas IV-A berjumlah 20 siswa dan kelas IV-B berjumlah 20 siswa. Waktu penelitian ini dilakukan ± 1 bulan pada semester genap pada tahun 2016/2017. Adapun model analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pengujian hipotesis dapat disimpulkan bahwa variabel Motivasi serta Sarana dan prasarana belajar berpengaruh terhadap pendidikan hasil belajar anak. Karena semakin baik motivasi belajar anak tentu akan semakin tinggi pengaruhnya terhadap hasil belajar, dan diantara variabel motivasi belajar dan sarana prasarana yang paling dominan pengaruhnya terhadap hasil belajar anak adalah variabel motivasi belajar.
PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA PADA TENAGA KERJA KONSTRUKSI YANG TIDAK BERSERTIFIKAT
Authors: Gunasti Amri 
Published: October 2020

Dari 8.300.000 tenaga kerja konstruksi, ada sebesar 7.684.000 yang belum bersertifikat. Jalan keluar yang dapat ditawarkan untuk mendekatkan kemampuan tenaga kerja yang tidak bersertifikat dengan yang bersertifikat dapat dilakukan dengan penerapan Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia (MSDM) pada tenaga konstruksi ini. Penelitian ini mengukur apakah penerapan MSDM dapat melakukan peran tersebut. Untuk mengukur masing-masing indikator dilakukan dengan uji Z. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa indikator yang memiliki nilai Z hitung bernilai negatif, terdiri dari, jaminan kepastian hukum dari pemerintah, pelaku konstruksi dapat memenuhi tuntutan perkembangan industri konstruksi, mampu memberi pelindungan sosial tenaga kerja dalam pelaksanaan jasa konstruksi serta setiap tenaga kerja konstruksi yang tidak bersertifikat yang mengikuti alur penerapan MSDM berhak atas imbalan yang layak atas layanan jasa yang diberikan. Z hitung bernilai positif namun masih dibawah nilai Z tabel terdapat pada indikator kesiapan stakeholder dalam menerapkan MSDM, kesiapan infrastruktur dalam penerapan MSDM, tenaga kerja konstruksi yang tidak bersertifikat dapat memenuhi standar konstruksi internasional. Nilai Z pada indikator tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa penerapan MSDM pada tenaga kerja tidak bersertifikat efektif menggantikan sertifikasi namun tidak signifikan. Z hitung bernilai positif diatas nilai Z tabel terdapat pada indikator kesiapan tenaga kerja konstruksi yang tidak bersertifikat mengikuti penerapan MSDM, pelaku konstruksi mampu membangun lembaga pendidikan dan pelatihan kerja yang berkualitas, Pelaku konstruksi dapat memenuhi kebutuhan tata kelola yang baik, pelaku konstruksi dapat memenuhi kebutuhan tata kelola yang baik, tenaga kerja konstruksi yang tidak bersertifikat dapat memenuhi standar konstruksi nasional, tenaga kerja konstruksi yang tidak bersertifikat mampu bertanggung jawab secara profesional terhadap hasil pekerjaannya. Kategori ketiga ini mengindikasikan bahwa penerapan MSDM pada tenaga kerja tidak bersertifikat efektif menggantikan sertifikasi dan signifikan.
ROLE OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON PERFORMANCE OF FAIRTRADE PREMIUM PROJECTS IN KENYA
Authors: Njung’e Ruth Muthoni , Kagiri A. 
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the role of total quality management on the performance of fair trade premium projects with particular reference to Flamingo Horticulture Limited (herein referred to as the company or organization).
Methodology: The target population for this research comprised of the employees, the management and the fair trade premium committee of the Flamingo Horticulture Limited. The study employed descriptive research design. A census sampling was carried out and the sample size was 46. Survey method was used to solicit the information. The researcher used a questionnaire to collect primary data which was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques then presented in tables. Data collected will be both quantitative and qualitative. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire was enhanced by carrying out a pilot study prior to data collection. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics by aid of Statistical package for social scientists (SPSS). The results were presented in form of Tables.
Results: The studies found that quality management planning, customer focus and application of Quality Management planning approaches such as auditing, continuous improvement, monitoring & evaluation have positive effect on performance of fairtrade premium projects. Correlation analysis showed that there were positive and significant correlations between performance of Fairtrade premium projects in Kenya and all independent variables (quality management planning, r=0.537, p<0.05; customer focus, r=0.542, p<0.05; leadership qualities, r=0.476, p<0.05 and, QMS approaches, r=0.452, p<0.05).
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that Fairtrade organizations should integrate quality management planning in their overall planning process to ensure identification of risks, to ensure that errors are eliminated throughout the operational process and products and services are produced at an optimal quality that can satisfy all stakeholders. Adoption of quality management will enable the leaders to use their personal values, ethics, and commitment to the organization’s vision and mission, passionate to energize and create a synergy in teams; heading towards accomplishment of organizational goals. With high level of quality improvement quality management practices and leadership will be higher since leadership qualities are associated with successful quality improvement.