bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of chromium ultra-fine particles on the pancreas enzyme system of calves
Authors: Lebedev S V , Kvan O V , Vertiprakhov V G , Gavrish I A , Gubaidullina I Z 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Chromium has an excessively low digestibility and absorption of organic (25%) and inorganic (3%) forms, while the absorption of Cr+3 occurs mainly through the kidney Cr - 80-95%, with small losses in the hair, through the sebaceous gland and bile (45% Cr), indicating a rapid absorption and recreation of Cr. Calves of the control group received the BD, and chromium nanoparticles in a dose of 200 mg/kg were additionally introduced to the diet of the experimental animals. Adding Cr to calves rations is accompanied by an increase in glucose concentration by 10.6% (p≥0.05), triglycerides by 14.3%, while cholesterol is reduced by 16.9%. The highest activity of protease and lipase was established in the first hours of selection, followed by its decrease by 3 hours. Adding chromium to the diets of bulls stimulated protease activity during all record periods, the difference with control was from 25 to 43% (p≥0.05). Characteristic is the enhancement of protease activity on the 2nd day of the experiment, followed by a decrease in its activity by 3 day. Similarly, lipase activity is formed; the difference with the control is 36% (p≥0.05). On the contrary, amylase activity decreases at hourly sampling points and increases in daily sampling.
Muscular tissue of steers and rams grown in conditions of arid pastures: analysis of microelement composition
Authors: Gorlov I F , Slozhenkina M I , Mosolov A A , Miroshnikova E P , Knyazhechenko O A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the analysis of raw material for the production of radioprotective meat products. The analysis of the composition of the farm animals’ muscle tissue with respect to the microelement content has been performed. There have been presented analysis results of the muscle tissue samples of Edilbay rams and Kazakh white-headed steers grown under similar conditions and grazed on the same pastures of the Volgograd-Edilbay breeding center in the Bykovsky rayon, the Volgograd region. The muscle tissue of cattle, in particular, steers of the Kazakh white-headed breed, has been established to have higher contents of iodine, iron and selenium by the end of the livestock growing period. The tissue has been also found to be predispositioned to the accumulation of essential microelements under consideration; so, this tissue has been concluded to be recommended as an ingredient for the formulations of meat products being developed.
Influence of deficient nutrition on trace element status and antioxidant defense system
Authors: Larjushina I E , Notova S V , Duskaeva A.Kh. , Tarasova E.I. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of research was to study the effect of unbalanced nutrition on rat’s liver and hair element composition and antioxidant defense system in the experiment. The study was conducted on male Wistar rats. The experimental group was on mineral deficient diet, the control group received a standard diet. The elemental composition of the liver and hair was determined by atomic emission and mass spectrometry with inductively coupled argon plasma. Blood biochemical parameters were determined spectrometrically using a Clima MC-15 A/O Unimed analyzer. The level of malondialdehyde and the activity of glutathione peroxidase in the liver of animals were determined by standard methods using ELISA kits. Results. A decrease in the content of copper, zinc, and selenium was found in liver tissue by 1.5, 1.14, and 3.2 times, respectively. Significant increase of lead and aluminum was established. A similar changes were observed in the elemental composition of hair. GPx activity decreased in 1.4 times and MDA level increased in the liver of animals of the experimental group. An increase in ALT, AST and total protein was noted on mineral-deficient diet.
The interconnection of the elemental composition and morphofunctional characteristics of placenta during the tobacco intoxication
Authors: Notova S V , Sheida E V , Marshinskaia O V , Lizyrchik L V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of the research was to study the interconnection between the elemental composition and morphofunctional characteristics of the rat placenta during the tobacco intoxication. Determining the elemental composition of the placenta was performed using an Elan 9000 mass spectrometer and an Optima 2000 V atomic emission spectrometer. The morphofunctional characteristics of the placenta were studied by preparing the serial paraffin histological sections. Data processing was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. It was established that as the result of a passive smoking, the fertility of females decreased, the physical development of fetuses also decreased, the weight and thickness of the placenta declined, the number of fetal capillaries and maternal sinuses of the placenta decreased. The most common pathological changes in the histological structure of the placentas of the experimental groups were the development of foci of circulatory disorders, inflammatory and atrophic changes. When comparing the elemental composition of the experimental groups, lower values of magnesium and iron were found, against the background of higher values of lead and cadmium. Identified dislementasis in conjunction with the pathological changes in the placenta caused a placental insufficiency, which in turn led to the delay in fetal development of the fetus.
The influence of body mass on its elemental status
Authors: Pishchukhin A M , Akimov S S 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe study is devoted to assessing the effectiveness of the developed methodology for the multivariate analysis of the mutual influence when identifying of the elemental status of an organism. In a multidimensional space, the coordinates of which are the concentrations of elements, patients with the same body mass are located on the hyperplane. In order to carry out calculations related to the assessment of the influence of mass, it is necessary to break up a cloud of patient data on the hyperplates in increments of mass. As a reference element, when estimating the distance of the calculated point for each hyperplate, the beam of norms is chosen as introduced in the previous study, and the angle of rotation of the beam drawn to the calculated point is measured from the intersection line of the plane of equal mass and the plane of a given concentration. The calculations take into account only areas of high or low concentration of the element. In this case, the intersection lines of the plane of equal mass and the planes of a given concentration of each element form a set of rays on the plane of equal mass. The position of the calculated point in relation to this population allows us to assess the degree and direction of the influence of the selected element on all others. The advantage of the developed technique is the reduction of multidimensional analysis to the evaluation of two parameters - distance and angle of rotation.
The use of single-nucleotide polymorphism in creating a crossline of meat simmentals
Authors: Tyulebaev S D , Kadysheva M D , Litovchenko V G , Kosilov V I , Gabidulin V M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the materials of the study on bull cross of the Bredy meat type simmentals, which include the genotyping of animals for the CAST and CAPN1 genes with the identification of frequencies of genotype and alleles, as well as testing the production of these animals expressed in the evaluation of aged within 8 days of meat for the indicators tenderness, juiciness, organoleptic assessment of taste. The results of the studies did not confirm, with certainty, the influence of the CAST gene polymorphism on the beef tenderness indicators, as well as no associations of this gene with the studied juiciness and meat taste indicators, while the carriers of the homozygous CC genotype CAPN1 exceeded other genotypes of the sample in tenderness, juiciness and taste of beef. And indicators of bull meat with a combination of TT* genes on CAST and CC* on CAPN1 had superiority over the average indicators of the total sample (P <0.001), as well as over the group of animals with the most preferred CC genotype for the CAPN1 gene by 1.22 points or 15.4% (P <0.01) by tenderness, by 1.44 points or 18.2% (P <0.05) by juiciness, by 1.56 points or 19.2% (P <0.001) by taste. Studies have confirmed the effect of the CAPN1 gene CC homozygotes polymorphic state itself, as well as the CAST and CAPN1 genes on beef tenderness in the part where the combination of TT genotypes in the CAST gene and CC in the CAPN1 gene gives a positive effect on beef tenderness, probably associated with activation the activity of μ-calpain in connection with the weakening of the effect of calpastatin as an inhibitor on μ-calpain, as a result of which the enzymatic effect on myofibrillary proteins acquires a different intensity, and possibly a different manifestation. What was the reason for the increase in sensory sensitivity to taste of prepared samples, tenderness and juiciness of meat.
Elemental composition and ruminal digestion with nanosized forms of SiO2, FeCo
Authors: Makaeva A M , Atlanderova K.N. , Sizova E.A. , Nechitaylo K.S. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Optimization of mineral nutrition is a necessary measure aimed to maintain high productivity and health of animals, including beef cattle, which forages may lack minerals. The paper studies the action of nanosized forms SiO2, FeCo on health, ruminal digestion and elemental composition of ruminal fluid of animals. It is found that within the vitro studies the feed dry matter digestibility is maximum with the introduction of nanosized particles (NP) of SiO2 in the concentration of 2 mg/ml. The results of morph-biochemical blood test (in vivo studies) show the activation of protein metabolism, lack of negative impact on animal health. The introduction of SiO2 NP (II group) promotes the accumulation of silicon in ruminal fluid progressing in time: the difference with control group makes 3.8% and 31% in three and six hours respectively. The introduction of FeCo NP (III group) decreases the concentration of iron by 46% and 52% and cobalt by 40% and 50% in three and six hours respectively. SiO2 NP stimulates dry matter digestibility thus affecting the fermentation activity of rumen microflora. The received results indicate the advisability of applying the suggested approach and require further study.
Sustainable development of agrarian and forestry sectors of economy as a condition for security insurance of the Russian Federation
Authors: Silaeva V V , Muraviova M A , Nazarova O G , Rebrina TG 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The agricultural and forest sectors of the economy of the Russian Federation have a number of peculiarities in development, which lead to the same problems that stand in their way. The rural and forest spheres of activity have similar problems in the production of their own products. The solution to these problems is also in general terms the same thing, it consists in applying an innovative approach, which is a factor in ensuring sustainable development. Sustainable development of any economic system can only be achieved in motion, in the dynamics of change, taking into account the combination of factors of the external and internal environment, as well as with properly selected mechanisms that trigger the transition of the economic system to the development of a sustainable type. In modern economic conditions, import substitution points can be attributed to such mechanisms.
Food security insurance in industrial region
Authors: Abilova E V , Zaharova E A , Davydov D V , Lomov V N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Providing the population of Russia with dairy products of its own production determines the food independence of the country, which depends on the development of the national agro-industrial complex. In this case, the possibility of increasing the productivity of animals with the lowest cost of production plays an important role. The solution of problems of development of animal farming is socially relevant today. The analysis of publications on the studied aspects of the formation of science-based system of dairy farming at the regional level, a comparative analysis of natural quantities characterizing the effectiveness of dairy cattle breeding are the main methods of research used in the work. According to our study rates of increase in volumes of products of livestock production in comparison with crop production, led to the fact that the livestock production became the leading industry in formation of gross output of agriculture of Chelyabinsk region. Using such indicator as consumption of basic food products per capita we concuded that the coonsumption of main products of a delivery concedes to the recommended medical norms therefore a part of food is imported from other regions of the Russian Federation. The problems inherent in branch of dairy cattle breeding of Russia are characteristic also of Chelyabinsk region. Reduction of a livestock of the cattle continues, body height of efficiency doesn’t compensate decrease in gross production of milk, doesn’t provide a breeding. However, the dairy cattle breeding makes enough significant contribution to the volume of a regional product and ensuring food security of the region therefore it is necessary to find paths of effective use of capacity of the given industry for stabilization of economy.
Establishment of the differentiated economic mechanism of company bankruptcy prevention as a basic element of sustainable development of rural areas
Authors: Ternovykh E V , Durova L V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article considers the economic essence, gives a subordination of the concepts of “financial insolvency” and “bankruptcy” of a company, and suggests the definition based on the self-regulating financial system. A criterion matrix of interconnection and identification of the stages of financial insolvency and bankruptcy has been developed and tested, which sets the system of key financial and economic indicators as its basis. A differentiated economic mechanism is proposed to prevent the bankruptcy of agricultural companies, depending on the stage of financial insolvency and bankruptcy. The target and functional orientations are justified in the structure of the differentiated mechanism, that allow effective planning the measures of prevention of the insolvency and bankruptcy of companies in order to ensure longterm sustainable development of agricultural territories.
Three-dimensional efficiency indicator of the grant support for innovative development of small business forms
Authors: Voiku I P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The essence of the peasant (farm) enterprise as a separate direction of entrepreneurial activity is reviewed. The factors of agricultural production and features of peasant (farm) enterprises that affect the efficiency of their activities and predetermine their competitive advantages are presented. The relevance of the State support for the development of small business forms is specified. The essence of the basic methodological approach for evaluation of the efficiency of grant support for peasant (farm) enterprises, involving the evaluation upon the performance criterion, is presented. The concept and advantages of the methodological approach, involving the calculation of a three-dimensional efficiency indicator, are presented. The indicator is based on the determination of the strength and directions of the correlation between: the volume of grant support and operating income, the volume of grant support and material production costs, the volume of grant support and the volume of investments in technical equipment. The three-dimensional efficiency indicator allows normalizing the results of the evaluation to a unified scale that shows quantitative measures of efficiency: relevance, performance, efficiency, influence, stability.
Exhibiting nature, modernising agriculture: ecology and technology at the All-Russian Agricultural Exhibition, 1923
Authors: Yu Elina O 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper examines the history of the First All-Russian Agricultural and Handicraft Industrial Exhibition, which took place in Moscow during August-September of 1923. The study aims to reconstruct the environmental and agronomic contexts of the expositions presented at the Exhibition. The objectives of the study included analysing the contents, forms and slogans of these expositions, as well as identifying the ambitions of the Bolshevik leaders to publicly demonstrate the achievements of agrarian science and the results of cataloguing the natural environment and resources in the USSR. It is shown that the primary goal of the Exhibition was to convince the domestic public, especially peasants, in the advantages of the science-based “Sovietisation” of the countryside, along with modernisation of the backward Russian agriculture. The paper argues that the Exhibition became a tool for promoting various natural resources and biodiversity of the different regions of the USSR. No less important was the presentation of agronomy and agricultural technologies as practical tools for modernising agriculture.
The beginning of comprehensive studies of the nature and population of Ciscaucasia in the XVIII century
Authors: Kerimov I.A. , Gagaeva Z.Sh. , Gayrabekov U.T. , Badaev S.V. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper covers the history of geographical studies of Ciscaucasia carried out by academic expeditions of the 18th century. Large-scale expeditionary activities of this period marked the beginning of comprehensive studies of the nature and economy of the northern part of the Caucasus, made it possible to collect geographic information on the territory. New information contributed to the development of new research areas, formed a basis for the development of new textbooks and cartographic materials. The information about the Pre-Caucasus enriched science. It has a scientific value.
Analysis of trends in annual time series of precipitation in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russian Federation
Authors: Gaponov V M , Elizaryev A N , Aksenov S G , Longobardi A 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNowadays, the problem of climate change receives a wide resonance throughout the world. According to meteorological observations in Bashkortostan over the past 30 years, annual precipitation has increased. The occurrence of natural hazards is directly related to climate change, the number of which has been steadily increasing in recent years. If in the period from 1998 till 2005, their number in Bashkiria ranged from 5 to 11, then in 2010 it was recordedas 37, and as 34 in 2016. In this article, the object of study is the Republic of Bashkortostan, its territory is 142, 947 km2. Available data consists of annual time series of precipitation for 34 stations, they were analyzed to identify potential trends and their significance. As a first step, precipitation data was checked to assess the quality of the data, to find potential points of change in the time series. For this purpose, parametric (The Student’s t -test) and non-parametric (Pettitt’s test) statistical criteria were applied. Then, a statistical test was used to determine the significance of linear trends (the Mann-Kendall trend test and the Sen’s test). Thus, the main purposes of the article are to detect points of change, as well as, to check, with a help of parametric and non-parametric tests, annual trends for precipitation data.
National importance of surveying and ancient linear measures in the history of development of Russia
Authors: Ilyushina T V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Issues of rational use of land resources are urgent contemporary problem. It is considered possible to solve it by analyzing centuries-old experience of history of land surveying, geodetic studies and mapping. The purpose of the study is to show the national importance of land surveying and ancient linear-measuring of boundary measures in the history of the state. The tasks of the article are connected with the analysis of types of geodetic surveys, linear measures and instruments during land surveying in different historical periods of development of the state. Historical and archival materials, ancient geodetic tools and maps were used as materials for the study. The study revealed that the development of surveying, the system of linear measurements and geodetic instrumentality had national importance to establish the boundaries of possessions, registration of quantity and quality of the land funds, protection of property rights, and termination of land disputes, valuation of land and establishment on the basis of equitable taxation. The main provisions of this study can add to the history of land relations in Russia and contribute to the further development and improvement of the state system of land surveying.
State and use of land resources in the Republic of Tuva of the Russian Federation
Authors: Klyushin P V , Murasheva A A , Lomakin G V , Lepekhin P P , Changaev A V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The area of the Republic is 168,604 km2 (3.28% of the territory of the Siberian Federal district, 0.98% of the area of the Russian Federation - the 20th in terms of area). Tuva basin, stretching more than 400 km from West to East along the Yenisei river, is an open hilly steppe space, located at altitudes from 500 to 1200 m. Mountain ranges, crossing it, divide the basin conditionally into three parts: Chemchik, Ulug-Khem and Turano-Uyuk. Of the total land area, most of the land is classified as forest land (64.5%), agricultural land accounts for 19.9% of the main specialization of livestock (mainly sheep and dairy cattle, goat and horse breeding). The area of farmland is more than 4.5 million hectares. The peculiarity of the pastures of Tuva is the ability to use their considerable part all year round for grazing cattle and livestock. In the conditions of the high-altitude zone, a wide variety of types of territories determines the nature of land use. As we approach the mountain-foothill landscapes, the degree of development of the territory decreases, the share of agricultural land, the share of intensive types of agricultural land use (arable land, intensive crop rotations and so on) decrease. As the height increases, the cadastral value of land plots should be reduced, which is caused by an increase in the possibility of dangerous geomorphological, climatic, neotectonics, hydrological processes and an increase in the complexity of agricultural land use. In this regard, the basis for the formation of agricultural land use in the conditions of high-altitude zones should be the similarity of the types of natural environment.