bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social suffering and the psychological impact of structural violence and economic oppression in an ongoing conflict setting: The Gaza Strip
Authors: Hammad Jeyda , Tribe Rachel 
Published: May 2020

AbstractStructural violence and economic oppression (e.g. control over resources, politically engineered poverty and unemployment) are common features of warfare, yet there is a lack of research exploring the impact this has on civilian wellbeing in conflict‐affected areas. This study, embedded within a human rights and community liberation psychology framework, aims to address this need by studying young Palestinian university graduates living under military blockade and occupation in the Gaza Strip. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted. Thematic analysis indicated that economic and political domains adversely affected multiple aspects of civilian life and wellbeing. The findings revealed the deleterious effects of structural violence and economic oppression which created: human insecurity; poor psychological wellbeing and quality of life; existential, psychological and social suffering; humiliation; injuries to dignity; multiple losses; and led to life being experienced as ‘on hold’. Local expressions and idioms to express distress were identified. The findings contributed to unique insights regarding how continual, systemic, and structural oppression can be potentially more psychologically detrimental than specific incidents of conflict and violence. The implications and the relevance of the findings to mental health and disaster relief are considered. Interventions providing human security and economic security should be prioritised.
Implementation of a national mental health intervention in educational communities: What do successful teams do differently?
Authors: Leiva Loreto , Zavala‐Villalón Gloria , Antivilo‐Bruna Andrés , Torres Betzabe , Ganga‐León Catalina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to identify the elements that characterize local teams which implement a nationwide preventive mental health intervention in schools and achieve better results. A mixed‐methods sequential explanatory design was conducted in two phases: (a) teams were characterized according to their level of achievement in the preventive intervention through latent class analysis; and (b) case studies of three teams with different implementation results were conducted by performing content analysis on interviews, observations, and documents. It was established that the more effective teams have better planning, the more they are familiar with the intervention, and more aware of their strengths and weaknesses. This team also implement culturally pertinent actions aimed at increasing knowledge about the intervention, which causes schools to experience it as part of their community, since they include the intervention in their regular dynamics. Lastly, the importance and relevance of these elements when working in educational communities is discussed.
The point mutation analysis of Cyp2C9*2 (Arg144Cys C>T), Cyp2C9*3 (Ile359Leu A>C) and VKORC1 (1639G>A) in women with cervical cancer related to HPV: A case‐control study
Authors: Golshekan Elham , Sohrabi Amir 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted viral infection worldwide. HPV tumorigenesis genotypes are the causative agents of cervical cancer and genital malignancies. The scientific literature has demonstrated that life style, environmental, epigenetic accompanied with HR‐HPV genotypes are potential risk factors for cervical cancer progression. The frequencies of the Cyp2C9*2, Cyp2C9*3, and vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1) genotypes as potential molecular biomarkers have been investigated on Iranian women with cervical malignancy related to HPV genotypes. As a case‐control study, the mutations were appraised using a polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism procedure on women suffering from HPV infection (60 cases), CC (46 cases), and 40 subjects of as healthy control. The outcomes demonstrated that Cyp2C9*3 showed a meaningful relationship between women diagnosed with cervical cancer and the healthy population (AA vs. AC; OR, 7.15; 95% CI, 1.94‐26.3; p = .003). It was also observed that the Cyp2C9*3 mutation in women with cervical cancer and VKORC1 in healthy population with HPV (+), did not follow the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Our findings aid understanding the genetic polymorphism distribution of Cyp2C9*2, Cyp2C9*3, and VKORC1 in women with genital malignancies. This can also be useful in predicting the susceptibility risk factors for developing cervical cancer. However, allelic discrimination as a molecular biomarker requires further research.
Preliminary study on the mechanism of long noncoding RNA SENCR regulating the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Ye Famin , Zhang Jing , Zhang Qiaoling , Zhang Jingjing , Chen Cheng 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are one of the key regulatory links of atherosclerosis (AS). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key regulators in AS development. In this study, we first assessed the expression level of smooth muscle and endothelial cell‐enriched migration/differentiation‐associated lncRNA (SENCR) in the plasma of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and its predictive and diagnostic value. Second, we investigated the role of SENCR in the regulation network of human aortic‐VSMCs (HA‐VSMCs) proliferation and migration and determined its downstream regulatory mechanism. The results showed that SENCR was downregulated in the peripheral blood of CHD, and negatively related to the Gensini score. SENCR was enriched in HA‐VSMCs and mainly distributed in cytoplasm. Overexpression of SENCR significantly inhibited HA‐VSMCs proliferation, migration, and block cell cycle, while the knockdown of SENCR had the opposite effects. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR‐4731‐5p could directly bind to SENCR. Besides, we proved that FOXO3a inhibited HA‐VSMCs proliferation and migration by binding to the 3′‐untranslated region of miR‐4731‐5p. In summary, our research suggested that SENCR affects HA‐VSMCs proliferation and migration via regulating the miR‐4731‐5p/FOXO3a pathway.
CCR9 and CCL25: A review of their roles in tumor promotion
Authors: Xu Baoping , Deng Chao , Wu Xue , Ji Ting , Zhao Lin , Han Yuehu , Yang Wenwen , Qi Yating , Wang Zheng , Yang Zhi , Yang Yang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractChemokines constitute a superfamily of small chemotactic cytokines with functions that are based on interactions with their corresponding receptors. It has been found that, among other functions, chemokines regulate the migratory and invasive abilities of cancer cells. Multiple studies have confirmed that chemokine receptor 9 (CCR9) and its exclusive ligand, chemokine 25 (CCL25), are overexpressed in a variety of malignant tumors and are closely associated with tumor proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, migration and drug resistance. This review evaluates recent advances in understanding the role of CCR9/CCL25 in cancer development. First, we outline the general background of chemokines in cancer and the structure and function of CCR9 and CCL25. Next, we describe the basic function of CCR9/CCL25 in the cancer process. Then, we introduce the role of CCR9/CCL25 and related signaling pathways in various cancers. Finally, future research directions are proposed. In general, this paper is intended to serve as a comprehensive repository of information on this topic and is expected to contribute to the design of other research projects and future efforts to develop treatment strategies for ameliorating the effects of CCR9/CCL25 in cancer.
Recent advances in the antilung cancer activity of biosynthesized gold nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Yadong , Xu Jie , Shi Li , Yang Haiyan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGold nanoparticles (Au‐NPs) have been widely used in biomedical fields such as imaging, diagnosis, and treatment because of their special characteristics. Au‐NPs can be synthesized using several methods, including the biological method, also called green or eco‐friendly synthesis. Recent studies have reported the anticancer activity of biosynthesized Au‐NPs, especially in lung cancer. This review focused on the advances in the antilung cancer activity of biosynthesized Au‐NPs and its potential mechanisms.
Clinical characteristics of rehospitalized patients with COVID‐19 in China
Authors: Chen Min , An Wei , Xia Fei , Yang Ping , Li Kuangyu , Zhou Qin , Fang Shasha , Liao Yaling , Xu Xin , Liu Jialin , Liu Shiguo , Qin Tao , Zhang Jianjun , Wei Wei , Zhang Yafang , Zhang Guowei , Zhang Mingwei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study aims to observe the clinical characteristics of recovered patients from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) with positive in reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) or serum antibody. The profile, clinical symptoms, laboratory outcomes, and radiologic assessments were extracted on 11 patients, who tested positive for COVID‐19 with RT‐PCR or serum antibody after discharged and was admitted to Hubei No. 3 People's Hospital of Jianghan University for a second treatment in March 2020. The average interval time between the first discharge and the second admission measured 16.00 ± 7.14 days, ranging from 6 to 27 days. In the second hospitalization, one patient was positive for RT‐PCR and serum antibody immunoglobulin M (IgM)‐immunoglobulin G (IgG), five patients were positive for both IgM and IgG but negative for RT‐PCR. Three patients were positive for both RT‐PCR and IgG but negative for IgM. The main symptoms were cough (54.55%), fever (27.27%), and feeble (27.27%) in the second hospitalization. Compared with the first hospitalization, there were significant decreases in gastrointestinal symptoms (5 vs 0, P = .035), elevated levels of both white blood cell count (P = .036) and lymphocyte count (P = .002), remarkedly decreases in C‐reactive protein and serum amyloid A (P < .05) in the second hospitalization. Additionally, six patients' chest computed tomography (CT) exhibited notable improvements in acute exudative lesions. There could be positive results for RT‐PCR analysis or serum IgM‐IgG in discharged patients, even with mild clinical symptoms, however, their laboratory outcomes and chest CT images would not indicate the on‐going development in those patients.
A combined view on precipitation and temperature climatology and trends in the southern Andes of Peru
Authors: Imfeld Noemi , Sedlmeier Katrin , Gubler Stefanie , Correa Marrou Kris , Davila Cristina P. , Huerta Adrian , Lavado‐Casimiro Waldo , Rohrer Mario , Scherrer Simon C. , Schwierz Cornelia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn the southern Peruvian Andes, communities are highly dependent on climatic conditions due to the mainly rain‐fed agriculture and the importance of glaciers and snow melt as a freshwater resource. Longer‐term trends and year‐to‐year variability of precipitation or temperature severely affect living conditions. This study evaluates seasonal precipitation and temperature climatologies and trends in the period 1965/66–2017/18 for the southern Peruvian Andes using quality‐controlled and homogenized station data and new observational gridded data. In this region, precipitation exhibits a strong annual cycle with very dry winter months and most of the precipitation falling from spring to autumn. Spatially, a northeast–southwest gradient in austral spring is observed, related to an earlier start of the rainy season in the northeastern part of the study area. Seasonal variations of maximum temperature are weak with an annual maximum in austral spring, which is related to reduced cloud cover in austral spring compared to summer. On the contrary, minimum temperatures show larger seasonal variations, possibly enhanced through changes in longwave incoming radiation following the precipitation cycle. Precipitation trends since 1965 exhibit low spatial consistency except for austral summer, when in most of the study area increasing precipitation is observed, and in austral spring, when stations in the central‐western region of the study area register decreasing precipitation. All seasonal and annual trends in maximum temperature are larger than trends in minimum temperature. Maximum temperature exhibits strong trends in austral winter and spring, whereas minimum temperature trends are strongest in austral winter. We hypothesize, that these trends are related to precipitation changes, as decreasing (increasing) precipitation in spring (summer) may enhance maximum (minimum) temperature trends through changes in cloud cover. El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), however, has modifying effects onto precipitation and temperature, and thereby leads to larger trends in maximum temperatures.
Therapeutic anticoagulation during the postnatal peripartum period: a survey of clinical practice
Authors: North Angela M. , Barrett Helen L. , Lust Karin M. , Whitfield Karen M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundTherapeutic anticoagulation may be required during pregnancy to treat venous thromboembolism (VTE), for patients considered at high risk of thrombosis and for the management of mechanical heart valves (MHVs). Prescribing of therapeutic anticoagulation during the postnatal peripartum period is complicated by managing the risk of postpartum haemorrhage. Currently, there are no standardised protocols for the use of therapeutic heparin in this setting and no randomised control trials have been undertaken to evaluate best practice.AimUsing survey techniques, this study aimed to establish current practice in Australia and New Zealand regarding the use of therapeutic anticoagulation during the postnatal peripartum period.MethodsThe survey consisted of 36 questions and was made available using the electronic Internet platform Survey Monkey.ResultsFor patients at low risk of rethrombosis, 91% and 78% of respondents would use low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) after standard vaginal delivery (SVD) and after caesarean section (CS), respectively, with the remaining respondents choosing to use unfractionated heparin (UFH). For patients at high risk of rethrombosis, 56% and 51% of respondents would use LMWH after SVD and CS, respectively, with the remaining respondents choosing to use UFH. For patients with MHVs, 29% and 26% of respondents would use LMWH after SVD and CS, respectively, with the remaining respondents choosing to use UFH.ConclusionAlthough this study included a relatively small cohort of respondents, the results do indicate trends among therapeutic anticoagulation in the postnatal peripartum period. Research regarding the most efficacious anticoagulation management would help clinicians develop evidence‐based protocols to guide best practice.
Rapid detection of five pesticide residues using complexes of gold nanoparticle and porphyrin combined with ultraviolet visible spectrum
Authors: Chen Hengye , Shi Qiong , Fu Haiyan , Hu Ou , Fan Yao , Xu Lu , Zhang Lei , Lan Wei , Sun Donglei , Yang Tianming , She Yuanbin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBACKGROUDPesticides are widely used to control insect infestation and weeds in agriculture. However, concerns about the pesticide residues in agricultural products have been raised in recent years because of public interest in health and food quality and safety. Thus, rapid, convenient, and accurate analytical methods for the detection and quantification of pesticides are urgently required.RESULTSA nanohybrid system composed of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and tetrakis(N‐methyl‐4‐pyridiniumyl) porphyrin (TMPyP) was used as an optical probe for the detection and quantification of five pesticides (Paraquat, Dipterex, Dursban, methyl thiophanate and Cartap). The method is based on the aggregation effect of pesticides on the carboxyl group modified by AuNPs. Subsequently, with the help of particle swarm optimization‐optimized sample weighted least squares‐support vector machine (PSO‐OSWLS‐SVM), all the pesticides could be successfully quantified. In addition, partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) was applied and the five pesticides were satisfactorily recognized based on data array obtained from the ultraviolet visible (UV‐visible) spectra of AuNP–TMPyP complex. Furthermore, the quantitative and qualitative analysis of the five pesticides could be also achieved in the complex real samples, in which all the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were less than 0.3‰ and all the linear absolute correlation coefficients were more than 0.9990. Furthermore, recognition rate of the training set and the prediction set based on multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), or second‐order derivative (2nd derivative) UV‐visible spectra in PLS‐DA model could reach 100%.CONCLUSIONThis method was successfully applied for the rapid and accurate determination of multicomponent pesticide residues in real food samples. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Regulation by fungal endophyte of Rhodiola crenulata from enzyme genes to metabolites based on combination of transcriptome and metabolome
Authors: Cui Jin‐Long , Gao Xiao‐Yin , Vijayakumar Vinod , Guo Zhang‐Xuan , Wang Meng‐Liang , Wang Jun‐Hong , Liu Lei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe contents of some its crucial metabolites tend to decrease when Rhodiola crenulata is cultured at low altitude. Interestingly, it was found that an endophyte, Phialocephala fortinii, could alleviate this problem.RESULTSThere were 16 151 differential genes including 14 706 up‐regulated and 1445 down‐regulated unigenes with significant differences (P < 0.05), and a total of 1432 metabolites exhibited statistically significant (P < 0.05) metabolic differences comprising 27 different marker metabolites which showed highly significant values of VIP > 5 and P < 0.01. Results highlight differential regulation of 20 enzymatic genes that are involved in the biosynthesis of five different marker metabolites including acetaldehyde, homocysteine, cyclopropylamine, 1‐pyrrolinium and halistanol sulfate.CONCLUSIONSThe positive physiological effect of P. fortinii on R. crenulata encompasses differential regulation in carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism and secondary metabolite synthesis. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of steam explosion on phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity in adzuki beans
Authors: Cheng Anwei , Hou Chunyu , Sun Jinyue , Wan Fachun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDSteam explosion is increasingly being used in the food processing industry as an efficient pretreatment technology. It is currently being used to pretreat adzuki beans at a pressure of 0.25–1.0 Mpa for 30 s and 90 s. In this study, the total polyphenol (TP) content in adzuki beans, including free polyphenols (FP) and bound polyphenols (BP), and their antioxidant activity, were determined after steam explosion treatment.RESULTSThe results showed that steam explosion can form large cavities and intercellular spaces, which aid the release of polyphenols. After steam explosion, the FP, BP, and TP content increased. The antioxidant capacity of FP and BP also increased, which demonstrated that there was a positive correlation between the polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity. Compounds of FP and BP were further identified by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Protocatechin was the main ingredient in FP and BP, and protocatechin was higher in FP. Isoquercetin only exists in FP, and caffeic acid only in BP. After steam explosion, an increase in the protocatechin, catechin, and epicatechin content was detected in FP and BP. The phenolic compound and antioxidant capacity yield was increased at a pressure of 0.25–0.75 Mpa, however it decreased at 1.0 Mpa. A pressure of 0.75 Mpa for 90 s is the optimal condition for polyphenol separation in adzuki beans.CONCLUSIONA proper and reasonable steam explosion can effectively increase the release of phenolics and enhance the antioxidant capacity in adzuki beans. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Gongronema latifolium Benth. leaf extract attenuates diabetes‐induced neuropathy via inhibition of cognitive, oxidative stress and inflammatory response
Authors: Ojo Oluwafemi Adeleke , Okesola Mary Abiola , Ekakitie Lisa Ilobekemen , Ajiboye Basiru Olaitan , Oyinloye Babatunji Emmanuel , Agboinghale Precious Eseose , Onikanni Amos Sunday 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDGongronema latifolium (G. latifolium) Benth. leaves are traditionally used to treat diabetes mellitus (DM) and other diseases in Nigeria and West Africa. This study was performed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of aqueous extract of G. latifolium leaf against DM. Antidiabetic activity of G. latifolium extracts (6.36, 12.72 and 25.44 mg kg−1, i.p.) was determined in alloxan‐induced diabetic rats. Fasting blood glucose level and oxidative stress markers catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured. Cognitive biomarkers acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), dopamine (DOPA), serotonin, epinephrine and norepinephrine and cyclooxygenase (COX‐2) were measured in the brain of controls and of G. latifolium‐treated diabetic rats.RESULTSAdministration of G. latifolium leaf extract to diabetic rats significantly restored the alterations in the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG). The MDA and NO levels were significantly reduced with an improvement in CAT, SOD, and GPx activity in the kidneys and brains of diabetic rats treated with G. latifolium. Gongronema latifolium also significantly decreased the levels of AChE, BChE, DOPA, serotonin, epinephrine, and nor‐epinephrine in diabetic rats. G. latifolium effectively ameliorated COX‐2 in diabetic rats.CONCLUSIONThis study showed that leaf extract of G. latifolium improved antioxidant defense against oxidative stress. It displays a neuroprotective effect resulting in the modulation of brain neurotransmitters, which could be considered as a promising treatment therapy. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Restoration of physiologic loading modulates engineered intervertebral disc structure and function in an in vivo model
Authors: Gullbrand Sarah E. , Kim Dong Hwa , Ashinsky Beth G. , Bonnevie Edward D. , Smith Harvey E. , Mauck Robert L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTissue‐engineered whole disc replacements are an emerging treatment strategy for advanced intervertebral disc degeneration. A challenge facing the translation of tissue‐engineered disc replacement to clinical use are the opposing needs of initial immobilization to advantage integration contrasted with physiologic loading and its anabolic effects. Here, we utilize our established rat tail model of tissue engineered disc replacement with external fixation to study the effects of remobilization at two time points postimplantation on engineered disc structure, composition, and function. Our results suggest that the restoration of mechanical loading following immobilization enhanced collagen and proteoglycan content within the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus of the engineered discs, in addition to improving the integration of the endplate region of the construct with native bone. Despite these benefits, angulation of the vertebral bodies at the implanted level occurred following remobilization at both early and late time points, reducing tensile failure properties in the remobilized groups compared to the fixed group. These results demonstrate the necessity of restoring physiologic mechanical loading to engineered disc implants in vivo, and the need to transition toward their evaluation in larger animal models with more human‐like anatomy and motion compared to the rat tail.