bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abattoir-based prevalence of avian tuberculosis in chicken slaughtered at Poultry abattoir in Bishoftu, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Mamo Gezahegne 
Published: August 2020

A cross-sectional abattoir-based study was conducted in apparently healthy chicken in Bishoftu town, Ethiopia to estimate the prevalence of avian tuberculosis and isolate its causative agent. The occurrence of avian tuberculosis was investigated using postmortem examination, bacteriological culture and acid-fast staining methods. Of the total 648 chicken examined to detect avian tuberculosis, 42 tissue samples showing gross pathological tuberculous-like lesions were collected from liver, spleen and intestine. The overall prevalence of avian tuberculosis in poultry was 6.48% (42/648) (95%CI: 4.53-8.38) on the basis of detailed postmortem examination. Out of 42 tissue samples cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen medium, 14 (33.3%) were bacteriologically culture positive and showed growth of dough-shaped smooth colony characteristic and out of these 14 culture positive samples, 5 (35.7%) were acid-fast positive mycobacteria. Statistical significant difference was observed in the prevalence of avian TB among chicken with different body condition scoring (χ2 = 23.593, p =0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis for risk factors showed that body condition scoring has a high statistical significant association with the prevalence of avian tuberculosis in the study area (p<0.05). Poor body conditioned chicken were more likely to show TB lesions (OR=4.45, 95% CI, 2.33- 8.52) than good body conditioned chicken. The present preliminary study on avian TB using postmortem lesion examination and microbiological methods revealed the occurrence of avian TB in low prevalence inapparently healthy chicken originated from intensive poultry farms in Bishoftu area; hence detail poultry meat inspection should be practiced at poultry abattoirs in order to reduce the public health risk.
Keywords: Abattoir, Avian tuberculosis, Postmortem examination, Poultry, Ethiopia
Prediction of the potential invasion of <I>Lantana Camara </I>L. (Verbenaceae) an exotic plant species in Côte d'Ivoire from a modeling approach
Authors: Pagny Franck Placide Junior , Mevanly Ouattara , Abrou N’Gouan Emmanuel Joël , Tiébre Marie-Solange 
Published: August 2020

Invasive alien plant species represent a great threat to the integrity of ecosystems. Acquiring information on the dynamics of these species on a cartographic basis constitutes a tool for their sustainable management. Among these species, Lantana camara L., known for its environmental and agronomic impacts, is currently reported in several localities of Côte d'Ivoire. The general objective of this study is to model the ecological niche of this species over the entire country. To do so, 89 points occurrences and 19 current and future bioclimatic variables were collected to model the potential distribution of this species on the basis of the RCP 8.5 scenario as part of the HadGEM2-ES climate model. This is 75% of presence data (67 points) used for model calibration and 25% (22 points) for testing. At the end of the modeling carried out with the MaxEnt software, the areas suitable for the species are characterized by low temperatures and heavy rainfall., under current climatic conditions, approximately 65,782.40 km², or 20% of the national territory, is suitable for the invasion of L. camara. Azagny National Park, Banco National Park, and the Iles Nature Reserve Ehotiles have distributions with high probability of the presence of the species. By 2050, the climate projects high temperatures and low precipitation in the future. The results show that by adapting to this new climatic range, the L. camara proliferation area will increase to 78,036.05 km², or 24% of the national territory. An upward trend, with a rate of change of 18.6, has been observed in the favorable areas of this area. To maintain the normal functioning of ecosystems and the sustainability of ecosystem services, the areas that have been identified as the most vulnerable to the invasion of L. camara must be the subject of control strategies of this species.
Keywords: Lantana camara, Species modeling, MaxEnt, Côte d’Ivoire, RCP scenario 8.5.
Production et valeur nutritive de fourrages de pois Mascate (<I>Mucuna pruriens</I> (L.) DC. var. <I>utilis</I> (Wall. ex Wight) Baker ex Burck) cv. Ghana cultivé dans le Centre et Nord bassin arachidier sénégalais
Authors: Diatta Ambroise , Dieng Abdoulaye , Diaw Mamadou Tandiang , Nesseim Thierry Daniel Tamsir , Ndiaye Saliou 
Published: August 2020

L’insuffisance des ressources fourragères naturelles constitue une contrainte majeure au développement de l’élevage des ruminants dans le Centre et Nord bassin arachidier sénégalais. Pour y faire face, il faut recourir à des techniques telles que la culture fourragère. L’objectif est donc d’étudier la production de fourrage de Mucuna pruriens dans la zone et de déterminer sa valeur nutritive. Du fourrage frais de 79-84 jours et des foins de 60, 75 et 90 jours ont été produits. Les rendements ont été mesurés, les fourrages analysés, les compostions chimiques et les valeurs nutritives déterminées. Les rendements sont globalement faibles, 1,16 à 1,50 t MS/ ha, mais comparables à certains rapportés dans la littérature. Le fourrage frais est plus riche en protéines brutes que les foins, soit 19,56 contre 14,16 à 18,65% de la MS, moins fibreux, soit 27,26 contre 33,82 à 35,27% de la MS et plus nutritif, soit 150,65 contre 96,60 à 141,48 g/ kg MS de protéine brute digestible et 0,70 contre 0,67 à 0,69 UF/ kg MS. Parmi les foins, celui de 75 jours offre un léger avantage. En définitive, cette culture reste possible dans cette zone et peut y être préconisée en vue d’une atténuation du déficit fourrager.
Mots clés : Rendement, composition chimique, fourrage frais, foins, valeur azotée, valeur énergétique.
English Title: Production and nutritional value of Muscat pea fodder (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC. var. utilis (Wall. ex Wight) Baker ex Burck) cv. Ghana cultivated in the Center and North senegalese groundnut basin
The insufficiency of natural fodder resources constitutes a major constraint to the development of ruminant farming in the Central and Northern senegalese groundnut basin. To deal with this, techniques such as forage cultivation must be used. The objective is therefore to study the forage production of Mucuna pruriens in the area and determine its nutritional value. Fresh forage of 79-84 days and hay of 60, 75 and 90 days were produced. Yields were measured, forages analyzed, chemical compositions and nutrient values determined. Yields are generally low, 1.16 to 1.50 t DM / ha, but comparable to some reported in the literature. Fresh forage is richer in crude protein than hay, 19.56 against 14.16 to 18.65% DM, less fibrous, 27.26 against 33.82 to35.27% DM and more nutritious, 150.65 against 96.60 to 141.48 g/kg DM of digestible crude protein and 0.70 against 0.67 to 0.69 UF /kg DM. Among the hays, that of 75 days offers a slight advantage. Ultimately, this crop remains possible in this area and can be recommended there with a view to reducing the fodder deficit.Keywords: Yield, chemical composition, fresh fodder, hay, nitrogen value, energy value.
Réponses physiologiques par poste de jeu des footballeurs d’élite lors d’un match éprouvant dans un environnement chaud et humide
Authors: Kayilou J.M. Bazaba , Boussana Alain , Aikpe Judith F. Ahounou , Dansou Pierre H. , Gbenou Joachim D. 
Published: August 2020

Malgré la hausse de la température atmosphérique pendant la grande saison de pluies, la Fédération Congolaise de Football (FECOFOOT) organise les matchs à 14 heures. Dans le but d’évaluer les paramètres physiologiques des footballeurs par poste de jeu et la distance totale qu’ils parcourent au cours d’un match éprouvant de football en république du Congo. Un match test a été organisé à une température de 39 °C et une humidité relative de 60 %. La fréquence cardiaque d’effort (170,4 ± 8,73 bpm), la température corporelle centrale (37,06 ± 0,20 °C) ainsi que la quantité d’eau consommée au cours du match (2,28 ± 0,37 L) des attaquants étaient plus élevées que les autres joueurs. Par contre, la perte hydrique (3,55 ± 0,55%), la dépense énergétique (868,00 ± 99,52 kcal) et la distance totale parcourue (8,95 ± 0,47 km) des milieux de terrain étaient supérieures aux autres joueurs. Le football pratiqué dans un environnement chaud et humide entraine une contrainte physiologique élevée responsable de la contre performance des footballeurs.
Mots clés : Perte hydrique, performance, footballeur, climat chaud et humide, R. Congo.

English Title: Physiological responses by playing position of elite footballers during a challenging match in a hot and humid environment
Despite the rise in atmospheric temperature during the great rainy season, the Congolese Football Federation (FECOFOOT) organizes the matches at 2 pm. For the purpose of evaluating the physiological parameters and the total distance travelled by footballers per playing position during a challenging football match in the republic of Congo. A test match was held in a hot and humid environment with a temperature of 38 °C and a relative humidity of 60%. The exertion heart rate (170.4 ± 8.73 bpm), core body temperature (37.06 ± 0.20 °C) and the amount of water consumed during the match (2.28 ± 0.37 L) of the strikers were higher than those of the other players. In contrast, water loss (3.55 ± 0.55%), energy expenditure (868.00 ± 99.52 kcal) and total distance travelled (8.95 ± 0.47 km) from midfielders were higher than other players. Football played in a hot and humid environment leads to a high physiological stress responsible for the counter-performance of footballers.
Keywords: Water loss, performance, football player, hot and humid climate, R. Congo.
Assessment of adoption of improved sweet potato production technologies among farmers in Ohaji/Egbema Local Government Area of Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Egwuonwu H.A . , Ozor C.P. 
Published: August 2020

The study assessed adoption of improved sweet potato production technologies among farmers in Ohaji/Egbema Local Government Area of Imo State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers; ascertained the stages of adoption of improved sweet potato production technology and identified the constraints to the adoption of improved sweet potato production technologies among farmers in the study area. Multi stage sampling procedure was used in the selection of 60 sweet potato farmers. Data were collected with the aid of structured and validated questionnaire. Descriptive statistical tools (frequency, percentages and mean) were used to analyze the data generated. Findings on the socio-economic characteristics revealed that the mean age of sweet potatoes farmers in the study area was 35.5years, 55% of them were female, majority were married (65.0%), average household size was eight persons with an average monthly income of N21, 500 and an average farm size of 1.1ha. Majority of the farmers were literate (51.6%), an average farming experience was 13 years, majority (85.5%) belonged to social organization and (61.7%) of farmers had contact with extension officers. The majority (78.3%) of the farmers were aware of the improved technologies of sweet potato while most farmers adopted 10 out of the 14 improved sweet potato technologies. In the overall, (51.7%) adopted the improved sweet potato. Major constraints to adoption of improved sweet potato were low consumer preference associated with sweet potato products (75.0%), lack of capital (70.0%), unavailability of land for cultivation (65.0%), high cost of labour (61.7%) and lack of market to sell increase quantity of sweet potato (55.0%). Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that extension agents should help farmers to increase adoption by intensifing campaigns and trainings on sweet potato technology through community- level education program. Also, government should intervene in the problems of high cost and unavailability of such farm inputs as fertilizer and agrochemicals by strengthening the input delivery system of the extension service in order to increase their adoption of sweet potato production technologies.
Keywords: Sweet potato, Improved production technologies, Adoption.
Inland fisheries: Status, management and related conflicts in the niger delta, Nigeria
Authors: Nwaka S.U. , Isangedighi I.A. , Isemin N.L. 
Published: August 2020

The importance of inland fisheries sector cannot be over-emphasized and its significance in providing food security and generating local income is not in doubt. Production from inland open water capture fisheries is declining due to over-exploitation and habitat degradation. The rapidly declining catch from fish landing is a possible indication that the fish yields of most Nigerian inland waters are generally low for causes that may range from inadequate management of fisheries to degradation of water bodies. Artisanal fishing in the Niger Delta is faced with myriads of obstacles emanating from human activities; one of these problems being the menace of the commercial fishing trawlers and activities of the oil companies in the area. The local supply of fish and fishery products consists of production from the artisanal (85%), industrial (14%) and Aquaculture (1%) subsectors. The high activity level in the Niger Delta has exposed the area to the dangers of pollution of water, land and air as well as oil spills which have endangered aquatic life as well as the entire ecosystem, topography and surface vegetation leading to loss of biodiversity and conflicts. The contribution of fisheries to the nation economy is very significant in terms of employment, income generation, poverty alleviation, foreign exchange earnings and provision of raw materials for the animal feed industry. In order for biodiversity conservation to be effective, management measures must be broad based.
Keywords: Inland Fisheries, Aquaculture, Over-exploitation, Sustainable, and Pollution.
An Analysis of Husband's Consent in Khula
Authors: Khan Ahmed , Khan Ubaid Ahmed 
Published: August 2020

Society is formed of various families and life partners are thought to be the foundation of this setup and they are reinforced together by the relationship of marriage. Their lovely life together raises an excellent generation resulting in the development of an ideal society. Be that as it may, because of the inherent contrasts of their tendency at times it gets to be troublesome for a spouse to live with his wife or the other way around, in these circumstances where husband has a right to divorce his wife Islam has additionally allowed numerous choices to the wife too. She may persuade her husband to divorce her and might offer to relinquish her rights and pay some consideration in exchange of separation from her husband or approach the court of justice to award her freedom in the form of 'annulment of marriage' or 'separation', on the premise of few reasons which are very much characterized in the law. This privilege of the wife is termed as "Khula" in Islam. This article comprises of: literal and colloquial meaning of 'Khula', proof of "Khula" from Qur'an, Hadith and Ijmaa, components of 'Khula', expressions of 'Khula', order for seeking 'Khula' without any reason, details of consideration for 'Khula' and its quantity/amount, order for forfeit of rights for 'Khula', annulment of marriage and divorce, "iddat" of a woman after "Khula" and afull description of the conditions of 'Khula'. Further, we have additionally demonstrated that one of the conditions of "Khula" is that it is awarded with mutual consent of the spouses since it is plainly obvious from Qur'an and all the scholars of Islam, including Hanafi, Maliki, Shafai, Hanbiliand Zawahiri, has agreed that the husband must be prepared and willing for the 'Khula', he might be convinced however can't be compelled to settle on this choice. Possibility of the decree for "Khula" by the court is also covered in this article. All the scholars of Islamic statute have consistently conceded to the five grounds on which the Ruler or Judge is entitled to pass a decree for the dissolution of marriage.
Cuerpo mapuche en campos de concentración: excepción y diferencia en la Conquista del desierto / Mapuche’s body in concentration camps: an exception and a difference in the Conquest of the desert
Authors: LLancaman Cárdenas Martín 
Published: August 2020

Este artículo revisa el proceso histórico de la ‘Conquista del desierto’ y la existencia de campos de concentración para indígenas en Argentina a través de una lectura de hermenéutica filosófica. El objetivo del artículo es interpretar el periodo y el uso de campos como instancias que configuraron la diferenciación del pueblo mapuche como sujeto racializado en la sociedad argentina. Los resultados de la exposición muestran que la marginación del cuerpo mapuche ocurre por el registro de excepciones y que aquella es disputada por sujetos mapuche.

This paper reviews the historical process of the ‘Conquest of the Desert’ and the existence of concentration camps for indigenous people in Argentina. The research is conducted through philosophical hermeneutics. The objective of the paper is to read the period and the use concentration camps as instances that shaped the differentiation of the Mapuche people as a racialized subject in Argentine society. The results of the argumentation show that marginalization of the Mapuche body occurs through the registration of exceptions, which is disputed by Mapuche subjects.
PREVALENCE OF SMALL RUMINANT LENTIVIRUS INFECTIONS IN SHEEP AND GOATS IN SOME REGIONS OF VOJVODINA PROVINCE
Authors: Savic Sara , Žekić Stošić Marina , Bugarski Dejan , Marčić Doroteja , Milovanović Aleksandar , Potkonjak Aleksandar 
Published: August 2020

Small Ruminant Lentivirus causes a chronic lifelong, multisystemic diseases in sheep and goats with or without clinical manifestation. Maedi-visna virus (MVV) and Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) are often considered together as small ruminants lentivirus (SRLV) due to their phylogenetic correlation and the interspecies transmission between sheep and goats.
During the period of four years, from 2015-2018, an annual monitoring was done on male animals (rams and bucks) used for breeding, for determination of antibodies against SRLV with ELISA serological method. In total, serum samples from 6732 animals were analyzed.
During the study period, seroprevalence for small ruminant lentivirus has rised from 4,17% to 16,21%, with an overall value of 12% for the whole period. Over the years seroprevalence has been changing with increasing tendency. The highest seroprevalence in rams was in 2018, when the largest number of samples was examined. In bucks, the highest number of positive samples was found in 2015. From 2014 until 2018, the overall seroprevalence in rams and bucks has increased significantly. From the study results it can be seen that annual monitoring program is very important and has to be held in the future in order to have the disease under control. The program helps in rising the awareness and knowledge of the owners about SRLV and the importance of breeding seronegative animals.
Patient satisfaction in outpatient medical care: the case of Iraq
Authors: Ali Jadoo Saad Ahmed , Yaseen Shukur Mahmood , Al-Samarrai Mustafa Ali Mustafa , Mahmood Anmar Shukur 
Published: August 2020

Background: Healthcare providers are increasingly interested in patient satisfaction as an indicator to assess the quality of health services. This study investigates the level of satisfaction among Iraqi patients attending the outpatient (OP) clinic.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from October to December 2019 among outpatient attendees in two busiest centers in Iraq. A convenience sample of 235 (response rate of 88.0%) completed the self-administered short-form patient satisfaction questionnaire (PSQ-18). The independent variables included socio-demographic, economic, and self-perceived health status. Data were analyzed in SPSS, where descriptive analysis (mean ± standard deviation) and univariate (independent sample t-test, ANOVA test) and multivariate linear regression “Enter technique” was done at 0.05 level of significance and 95% confidence interval.
Results: The mean age of respondents was 39.3 (±14.8). The sample was mostly women (55.3%), and 37.4% in the age group of 30-49 years. More than half of participants residing in the urban regions (54.5%) from families of monthly household income less than 500,000 Iraq Dinars (USD 400). However, the majority (70.6%) have the first visit to the OP clinic, and 53.6% self-perceived health as good or very good. Results of multiple linear regression showed that patients residents in rural regions (B= 5.4 , P <0.001), married (B= 4.8, P <0.001), unemployed (B= 4.7, P <0.001) and low educated (B= 1.5, P <0.051) exhibited higher service satisfaction score compared to urban residents, single, employed and high educated participants respectively. However, patients aged fifty years and more (B= -2.1, P <0.001) and those with poor health (B=-2.5, P <0.001) exhibited lower service satisfaction scores compared to young age patients and the healthy participants, respectively.
Conclusion: The high demand for the use of health resources in metropolitan cities by the rural population indicates inequality in the distribution of health services and an increase in the rural-to-urban displacement.
Efektivitas Promosi Kesehatan Terhadap Pengetahuan Tentang Deteksi Dini Kanker Serviks
Authors: Vera Dhiajeng Anisa , Melina Fitria 
Published: August 2020

Kanker merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian dan kematian akibat kanker serviks dengan prosentase 10,3%. Prevalensi tumor atau kanker di Indonesia adalah 1,8 per 1000 penduduk, provinsi DIY memiliki prevalensi tertinggi untuk kanker sebesar 4,9%. Tahun 2017 angka cakupan deteksi dini kanker serviks terendah berada di Kabupaten Bantul sebanyak (9,03%), dan kejadian kanker serviks dengan pedoman data cakupan deteksi dini kanker serviks tertinggi berada di kecamatan Sanden sebanyak (7,23%). Salah satu metode untuk menyebarluaskan informasi tentang deteksi dini kanker serviks adalah dengan melakukan promosi kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini ntuk mengetahui efektivitas promosi kesehatan terhadap pengetahuan ibu tentang deteksi dini kanker serviks di Dusun Daleman Kelurahan Gadingharjo Sanden Bantul. Jenis penelitian adalah kuantitatif dengan metode Pre-Experimental One Group Pretest-Posttes Design. Jumlah populasi 57 ibu PUS, jumlah sampel 53 ibu PUS diambil dengan teknik Total Sampling. Hasil penelitian bahwa pengetahuan ibu sebelum diberikan promosi kesehatan berada di kategori kurang sebesar 58,5% dan setelah diberikan promosi kesehatan berada di kategori cukup sebesar 73,6%. Hasil uji Wilcoxon dengan α = 0,05, diperoleh nilai signifikan sebesar 0,000. Promosi kesehatan dengan metode ceramah efektif ntuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu tentang deteksi dini kanker serviks di Dusun Daleman Kelurahan Gadingharjo Sanden Bantul.