bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotional Repercussion and Changes Experienced by Family Caregivers of Individuals with Alzheimer's: A Study in the Southern Region of Tocantins, Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Camila Rocha de , Klinger Ellen Fernanda , Prado Daniely de Sousa , Moreira Larisse Aires 
Published: April 2020

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common dementia among the elderly, but unfortunately, the early symptoms are mistaken for natural aspects of age. Thus, knowledge is an excellent tool to get a diagnosis still in the early stage.
Aims: Therefore, this article addresses the psychological reactions of family caregivers of individuals with that disorder and coping conditions experienced by them.
Methods: To this end, an exploratory descriptive study of qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews with primary caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer took place, and some of the participants were appointed by indicated Regional Tocantinense Association Brasilian Alzheimer’s - ABRAZ, not exceeding the expected number, the researchers received help in the indication of caregivers who were already part of this research.
Results: Regarding the coping conditions, there was family resilience, some resorted even psychological aid, since the change in routine was essential for the welfare of the elderly. Five respondents knew little about the disease before diagnosis, however, they began to delve into the matter with a view to aid in the treatment. Thus the knowledge acquired over time only came to add, thereby contributing to an improvement in the quality of life in both parties.
Conclusion: The look of psychology facing the coping experienced by caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer’s is of paramount importance, as well as knowledge of caregivers about the disease, although acquired over time, contributed to an improvement in the quality of life of both parties.
Novel C‐terminal heat shock protein 90 inhibitors target breast cancer stem cells and block migration, self‐renewal, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Authors: Subramanian Chitra , Grogan Patrick T. , Wang Ton , Bazzill Joseph , Zuo Ang , White Peter T. , Kalidindi Avinaash , Kuszynski Dawn , Wang Grace , Blagg Brian S. J. , Cohen Mark S. 
Published: April 2020

In patients with triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), evidence suggests that tumor‐initiating cells (TIC) have stem cell‐like properties, leading to invasion and metastasis. HSP90 plays a critical role in the conformational maintenance of many client proteins in TIC development. Therefore, we hypothesize that the novel C‐terminal HSP90 inhibitors KU711 and KU758 can target TIC and represent a promising strategy for overcoming metastasis. Human breast cancer cells (MDA‐MB‐468LN, MDA‐MB‐231) treated with the HSP90 inhibitors KU711, KU758, and 17‐AAG showed a 50–80% decrease in TIC markers CD44 and aldehyde dehydrogenase (P < 0.01) as assessed by flow cytometry. A decrease in sphere formation, which was used to assess self‐renewal, was observed after the treatment of TNBC cells starting at 2.5 µm KU711 and 0.31 µm KU758. KU compounds also blocked the invasion and migration of TNBC cells in a dose‐dependent manner. The knockdown of HSP90 clients was observed without any change in prosurvival HSP70 levels. In vivo, in a murine orthotopic breast cancer model, treatment with KU758 and KU711 yielded an approximately twofold and a fourfold reduction in tumor volumes versus control, respectively, without demonstrated toxicity. In conclusion, C‐terminal HSP90 inhibitors are potent novel therapeutics against TNBC in vitro and in vivo as they target TICs and block invasion, EMT transition, and self‐renewal.
Understanding Temperature‐Dependent Charge Extraction and Trapping in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zhou Qian , Wang Boxing , Meng Rui , Zhou Jiyu , Xie Shenkun , Zhang Xuning , Wang Jianqiu , Yue Shengli , Qin Bing , Zhou Huiqiong , Zhang Yuan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the factors that limit the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can be enriched by detailed temperature (T)‐dependent studies. Based on p‐i‐n type PSCs with prototype methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3) perovskite absorbers, T‐dependent photovoltaic properties are explored and negative T‐coefficients for the three device parameters (VOC, JSC, and FF) are observed within a wide low T‐range, leading to a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.4% with an impressive fill factor (FF) approaching 82% at 220 K. These T‐behaviors are explained by the enhanced interfacial charge transfer, reduced charge trapping with suppressed nonradiative recombination and narrowed optical bandgap at lower T. By comparing the T‐dependent device behaviors based on MAPbI3 devices containing a PASP passivation layer, enhanced PCE at room temperature is observed but different tendencies showing attenuating T‐dependencies of JSC and FF, which eventually leads to nearly T‐invariable PCEs. These results indicate that charge extraction with the utilized all‐organic charge transporting layers is not a limiting factor for low‐T device operation, meanwhile the trap passivation layer of choice can play a role in the T‐dependent photovoltaic properties and thus needs to be considered for PSCs operating in a temperature‐variable environment.
Chirality‐Enriched Carbon Nanotubes for Next‐Generation Computing
Authors: Gaviria Rojas William A. , Hersam Mark C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFor the past half century, silicon has served as the primary material platform for integrated circuit technology. However, the recent proliferation of nontraditional electronics, such as wearables, embedded systems, and low‐power portable devices, has led to increasingly complex mechanical and electrical performance requirements. Among emerging electronic materials, single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are promising candidates for next‐generation computing as a result of their superlative electrical, optical, and mechanical properties. Moreover, their chirality‐dependent properties enable a wide range of emerging electronic applications including sub‐10 nm complementary field‐effect transistors, optoelectronic integrated circuits, and enantiomer‐recognition sensors. Here, recent progress in SWCNT‐based computing devices is reviewed, with an emphasis on the relationship between chirality enrichment and electronic functionality. In particular, after highlighting chirality‐dependent SWCNT properties and chirality enrichment methods, the range of computing applications that have been demonstrated using chirality‐enriched SWCNTs are summarized. By identifying remaining challenges and opportunities, this work provides a roadmap for next‐generation SWCNT‐based computing.
Hip displacement in Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome: Report on three cases and review of associated musculoskeletal pathologies
Authors: Buddhdev Pranai K. , Sabir Ataf , Kokkinakis Michailis , Irving Melita , Norman‐Taylor Fabian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWolf–Hirschhorn syndrome is a rare genetic disease caused by a chromosomal deletion of the distal short arm of Chromosome 4. It is associated with multisystem abnormalities, including delayed growth, characteristic facial features, epilepsy, and skeletal abnormalities. We report three patients who developed hip displacement, and describe the occurrence of delayed and nonunion in patients who underwent corrective proximal femoral osteotomy for hip displacement. We also performed a literature review identifying common musculoskeletal presentations associated with the condition. Patients with Wolf–Hirschhorn Syndrome are at risk of hip displacement (subluxation), and we would advocate annual hip surveillance in this patient group.
Die Huisgen‐Reaktion: Meilensteine der 1,3‐dipolaren Cycloaddition
Authors: Breugst Martin , Reißig Hans‐Ulrich 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRolf Huisgen hat vor 60 Jahren das Konzept der 1,3‐dipolaren Cycloaddition vorgestellt und dabei bis dahin unbekannte reaktive Zwischenstufen, wie z. B. Azomethinylide, in die organische Chemie eingeführt. Danach entwickelten sich die (3+2)‐Cycloadditionen von 1,3‐Dipolen an Mehrfachbindungssysteme (Huisgen‐Reaktion) zu einer der vielseitigsten Synthesemethoden in der Heterocyclenchemie. In diesem Aufsatz gehen wir auf die geschichtliche Entwicklung dieses Arbeitsgebietes ein, führen die relevanten Vorläuferarbeiten auf und schildern das Entstehen des Konzeptes und seine Weiterentwicklung. Die wichtigsten mechanistischen und präparativen Befunde werden diskutiert. Quantenmechanische Berechnungen stützen den von R. Huisgen immer favorisierten konzertierten Reaktionsmechanismus, aber in Extremfällen können auch Zwischenstufen durchlaufen werden. Die Bedeutung der 1,3‐dipolaren Cycloaddition für das Click‐Chemie‐Konzept von K. B. Sharpless wird ebenfalls diskutiert.
Predicting Absolute Rate Constants for Huisgen Reactions of Unsaturated Iminium Ions with Diazoalkanes
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Chen Quan , Mayer Robert J. , Yang Jin‐Dong , Ofial Armin R. , Cheng Jin‐Pei , Mayr Herbert 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe kinetics and stereochemistry of the reactions of iminium ions derived from cinnamaldehydes and MacMillan's imidazolidinones with diphenyldiazomethane and aryldiazomethanes were investigated experimentally and with DFT calculations. The reactions of diphenyldiazomethane with iminium ions derived from MacMillan's second‐generation catalysts gave 3‐aryl‐2,2‐diphenylcyclopropanecarbaldehydes with yields >90 % and enantiomeric ratios of ≥90:10. Predominantly 2:1 products were obtained from the corresponding reactions with monoaryldiazomethanes. The measured rate constants are in good agreement with the rate constants derived from the one‐center nucleophilicity parameters N and sN of diazomethanes and the one‐center electrophilicity parameters E of iminium ions as well as with quantum chemically calculated activation energies.
Analysis of bubble formation during injection molding of polymeric foams by computational fluid dynamics simulations
Authors: Díaz‐Ovalle Christian O. , Castrejón‐González Edgar Omar , González‐Núñez Rubén , Ramos‐Ojeda Erika , Herrera‐Pérez Gabriel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFoam injection molding processes have received special attention in polymer industry. The size distribution of bubbles is an important parameter on the molding piece, which depends on the characteristics of the blowing process. This work proposes a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology to analyze the formation and distribution of bubbles in a foamed polymer piece. The birth, coalescence, and breakup of bubbles during the filling process were included and related to the azodicarbonamide (ACA) decomposition. The results agree with experimental data and allow the prediction of shape, location, and predominant size of bubbles. The proposed methodology could also be used to study arrangements of bubbles in more complex geometries, which are directly related to the mechanical properties of the piece.
Modification and ionic stimulation of hollow fiber membrane by electric field for water treatment
Authors: Awad Abouelata Ahmed M. , Abdallah S. M. Aly , Sorour Mohamed H. , Shawky Nourhan A. , Abdel‐Fatah Mona A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHollow fiber membrane (HF) is considered one of the prevalent materials for water treatment; its effectiveness is controlled by permeation and mechanical characteristics. In this study, HF membrane surface was stimulated using electrochemical technique, where binary system of stainless steel cylinder and graphite rod electrodes was used into electrolytic solution of sodium acetate 0.1 M as electrolyte. Two pH of acidic medium (pH = 3.5) and alkaline medium (pH = 8.5) were prepared and different potential between 2 and 10 V were applied. EDX analysis of HF membrane surface revealed the formation of sodium ions on the surface of HF membrane with maximum content of Na+ ions 1.84%. Also, HF membrane surface showed variation of roughness (R
a) as, HF membrane surface may undergo distortion by using aggressive conditions of high electric potential (7.5–10 V), The measured raw HF membrane (R
a) was 34.8 nm, while, after electrochemical modification in alkaline medium R
a showed higher values 36, 37, and 41 nm using 2, 2.5, and 5 V, respectively. While, after electrochemical modification in acidic medium (R
a) showed 35, 39, 42, 49, 52 nm for 2, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 V, respectively. Moreover, tensile strength Young's modulus, break stress and break strain were measured after electrochemical modification in both acidic and alkaline mediums and maximum porosity value 76.84% was observed after 30 min in acidic medium.
Citrulline Not a Major Determinant in the Recognition of Peptidylarginine Deiminase 2 and 4 by Autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Darrah Erika , Davis Ryan L. , Curran Ashley M. , Naik Pooja , Chen Ruiqiang , Na Chan Hyun , Giles Jon T. , Andrade Felipe 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveCitrullinated proteins are hallmark targets of autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our study was undertaken to determine the effect of autocitrullination on the recognition of peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) 2 and 4 by autoantibodies in RA.MethodsAutocitrullination sites in PAD2 and PAD4 were determined by mass spectrometry and literature review. Antibodies against native and autocitrullinated PADs in 184 patients with RA were detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Linear regression analysis, outlier calculations, and competition assays were performed to evaluate antibody reactivity to native and citrullinated PADs.ResultsAutocitrullination of PAD2 and PAD4 was detected in 16 (48%) of 33 arginine residues and 7 (26%) of 27 arginine residues, respectively. Despite robust autocitrullination, autoantibodies bound similarly to native and citrullinated PAD2 or PAD4 (ρ = 0.927 and ρ = 0.903, respectively; each P < 0.0001). Although subsets of anti‐PAD–positive sera were identified as exhibiting preferential recognition of native or citrullinated PAD2 (40.5% or 4.8%, respectively) or PAD4 (11.7% or 10.4%, respectively), competition assays confirmed that the majority of anti‐PAD reactivity was attributed to a pool of autoantibodies that bound irrespective of citrullination status.ConclusionAutocitrullination does not affect autoantibody reactivity to PADs in the majority of patients with RA, demonstrating that anti‐PAD antibodies are distinct from anti–citrullinated protein antibodies in their dependence on citrullination for binding.
Central Arkansas Water's Lead Service Line Replacement Program: Investigation, Communication, Implementation
Authors: Sweeney Sharon 
Published: April 2020

Key TakeawaysNews coverage of elevated lead levels has caused widespread concern among consumers about lead in their drinking water.In 2016, a multidisciplinary team of Central Arkansas Water (CAW) employees developed a lead service replacement program to improve public health protection.In a concerted effort that included stakeholder engagement, transparent communication with customers, and a deliberate inventory and replacement process, CAW effectively reduced customers’ exposure to lead in drinking water.
Highland games: A benchmarking exercise in predicting biophysical and drug properties of monoclonal antibodies from amino acid sequences
Authors: Coffman Jonathan , Marques Bruno , Orozco Raquel , Aswath Minni , Mohammad Hasan , Zimmermann Eike , Khouri Joelle , Griesbach Jan , Izadi Saeed , Williams Ambrose , Sankar Kannan , Walters Benjamin , Lin Jasper , Hepbildikler Stefan , Schiel John , Welsh John , Ferreira Gisela , Delmar Jared , Mody Neil , Afdahl Christopher , Cui Tingting , Khalaf Rushd , Hanke Alexander , Pampel Lars , Parimal Siddharth , Hong Xuan , Patil Ujwal , Pollard Jennifer , Insaidoo Francis , Robinson Julie , Chandra Divya , Blanco Marco , Panchal Jainik , Soundararajan Soundara , Roush David , Tugcu Nihal , Cramer Steven , Haynes Charles , Willson Richard C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBiopharmaceutical product and process development do not yet take advantage of predictive computational modeling to nearly the degree seen in industries based on smaller molecules. To assess and advance progress in this area, spirited coopetition (mutually beneficial collaboration between competitors) was successfully used to motivate industrial scientists to develop, share, and compare data and methods which would normally have remained confidential. The first “Highland Games” competition was held in conjunction with the October 2018 Recovery of Biological Products Conference in Ashville, NC, with the goal of benchmarking and assessment of the ability to predict development‐related properties of six antibodies from their amino acid sequences alone. Predictions included purification‐influencing properties such as isoelectric point and protein A elution pH, and biophysical properties such as stability and viscosity at very high concentrations. Essential contributions were made by a large variety of individuals, including companies which consented to provide antibody amino acid sequences and test materials, volunteers who undertook the preparation and experimental characterization of these materials, and prediction teams who attempted to predict antibody properties from sequence alone. Best practices were identified and shared, and areas in which the community excels at making predictions were identified, as well as areas presenting opportunities for considerable improvement. Predictions of isoelectric point and protein A elution pH were especially good with all‐prediction average errors of 0.2 and 1.6 pH unit, respectively, while predictions of some other properties were notably less good. This manuscript presents the events, methods, and results of the competition, and can serve as a tutorial and as a reference for in‐house benchmarking by others. Organizations vary in their policies concerning disclosure of methods, but most managements were very cooperative with the Highland Games exercise, and considerable insight into common and best practices is available from the contributed methods. The accumulated data set will serve as a benchmarking tool for further development of in silico prediction tools.
Optimal treatment strategy with nilotinib for patients with newly diagnosed chronic‐phase chronic myeloid leukemia based on early achievement of deep molecular response (MR4.5): The phase 2, multicenter N‐Road study
Authors: Nishiwaki Kaichi , Sugimoto Kei‐ji , Tamaki Shigehisa , Hisatake Junichi , Yokoyama Hisayuki , Igarashi Tadahiko , Shinagawa Atsushi , Sugawara Takeaki , Hara Satoru , Fujikawa Kazuhisa , Shimizu Seiichi , Yujiri Toshiaki , Tojo Arinobu , Wakita Hisashi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFor patients who have chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), one of the primary treatment options is administration of nilotinib 300 mg twice daily (BID). In previous studies which compared outcomes associated with nilotinib or imatinib treatment, nilotinib achieved a higher rate of deep molecular response (MR). We conducted a phase II, open‐label, multicenter study to investigate an intrapatient nilotinib dose‐escalation strategy for patients with newly diagnosed chronic‐phase (CP) CML based on early MR4.5 achievement. The primary study endpoint was achievement of MR4.5 by 24 months following the initiation of nilotinib 300 mg BID. Fifty‐three patients were enrolled, 51 received nilotinib, and 37 completed the treatment. An increase in the nilotinib dose (to 400 mg BID) was allowed when patients satisfied our criteria for no optimal response at any time point. The median (range) dose intensity was 600 (207‐736) mg/day. Of 46 evaluable patients, 18 achieved an optimal response and 28 did not. Of the latter, nine patients underwent dose escalation to 400 mg BID, and none achieved MR4.5. The remaining 19 patients could not undergo dose escalation, 12 (63%) because of adverse events (AEs), and 7 (37%) for non‐AE related reasons. Four of these patients achieved MR4.5. The MR4.5 rate by 24 months was 45.7%. The progression‐free, overall and event‐free survival were each 97.6%. No new safety concerns were observed. Our findings support the use of continuous nilotinib at a dose of 300 mg BID for newly diagnosed patients with CML‐CP.
Junctional ectopic tachycardia in neonatal enterovirus myocarditis
Authors: Weickmann Johannes , Gebauer Roman Antonin , Paech Christian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDifferential diagnosis is challenging in poor conditioned neonates referred to the emergency room. Infectious disease is common, yet tachycardia should alert the clinician to look for cardiac arrhythmia and comprise. Tachycardia can lead to cardiomyopathy and should warrant further diagnostics for myocarditis, especially in rare or unusual combination of arrhythmias.
Temperature‐Dependent and pH‐Responsive Pillar[5]arene‐Based Complexes and Hydrogen‐Bond‐Based Supramolecular Pentagonal Boxes in Water
Authors: Hadar Maya , Kaizerman‐Kane Dana , Zafrani Yossi , Cohen Yoram 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSupramolecular systems in water are of paramount importance and those based on hydrogen bonds are both intriguing and scarce. Here, after studying the peculiar host–guest complexes formed between per‐dimethylamino‐pillar[5]arene (1) and the bis‐sulfonates 2 a–c, we describe the formation of the first hydrogen‐bond‐based supramolecular pentagonal boxes (SPBs), which are stable in water. These pH‐responsive SPBs are constructed from 1 as a body, benzene polycarboxylic acids 3 a,b as lid compounds, and 2 a–c as guests. We demonstrate that encapsulation of 2 a–c in pillar[5]arene 1 and in the highly stable water‐soluble SPBs, that is, 1(3 a)2 and 1(3 b)2, is both temperature and pH dependent and, quite interestingly, depends, on the nature of the lid compounds used for capping the boxes even at high pH. We also highlight the difference in the 1H NMR characteristics of 2 b and 2 c in the cavity of 1 and the SPBs.
Perceptions of the taste of colors in children and adults
Authors: Fateminia Mehran , Ghotbabadi Talayeh Dehghani , Azad Kamran Mohammadi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTaste is an acquired phenomenon. The tastes of colors are related to people's perceptions and assumptions, as well as their personal experiences. In other words, there is a meaningful correlation between taste and color. However, this correlation requires extensive investigation before general patterns of taste perceptions can be determined. In addition, multiple studies of a range of different populations are necessary. This study investigated the responses of 56 male and 56 female Iranian participants aged 2 to 6 years to 11 colors commonly used in food and food packaging. Data analysis revealed significant correlations between perceptions of the taste of colors and the relationships between primary and secondary colors in Itten's color wheel. The data were also compared with data from an earlier and identical survey of the taste perceptions of adult Iranians. Participants in both groups perceived the taste of secondary colors as the taste common to their two constituent primary colors. In addition, the basic color rules set out in Itten's color wheel in relation to secondary and achromatic colors also affected how the taste of each color was perceived.