bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress in Translational Regulatory T Cell Therapies for Type 1 Diabetes and Islet Transplantation
Authors: Marfil-Garza Braulio A , Hefler Joshua , Bermudez De Leon Mario , Pawlick Rena , Dadheech Nidheesh , Shapiro A M James 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRegulatory T cells (Tregs) have become highly relevant in the pathophysiology and treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes (T1D). As these cells are known to be defective in T1D, recent efforts have explored ex vivo and in vivo Treg expansion and enhancement as a means for restoring self-tolerance in this disease. Given their capacity to also modulate alloimmune responses, studies using Treg-based therapies have recently been undertaken in transplantation. Islet transplantation provides a unique opportunity to study the critical immunological crossroads between auto- and alloimmunity. This procedure has advanced greatly in recent years, and reports of complete abrogation of severe hypoglycemia and long-term insulin independence have become increasingly reported. It is clear that cellular transplantation has the potential to be a true cure in T1D, provided the remaining barriers of cell supply and abrogated need for immune suppression can be overcome. However, the role that Tregs play in islet transplantation remains to be defined. Herein, we synthesize the progress and current state of Treg-based therapies in T1D and islet transplantation. We provide an extensive, but concise, background to understand the physiology and function of these cells and discuss the clinical evidence supporting potency and potential Treg-based therapies in the context of T1D and islet transplantation. Finally, we discuss some areas of opportunity and potential research avenues to guide effective future clinical application. This review provides a basic framework of knowledge for clinicians and researchers involved in the care of patients with T1D and islet transplantation.
Metabolic Consequences of Solid Organ Transplantation
Authors: Bhat Mamatha , Usmani Shirine E , Azhie Amirhossein , Woo Minna 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Metabolic complications affect over 50% of solid organ transplant recipients. These include posttransplant diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Preexisting metabolic disease is further exacerbated with immunosuppression and posttransplant weight gain. Patients transition from a state of cachexia induced by end-organ disease to a pro-anabolic state after transplant due to weight gain, sedentary lifestyle, and suboptimal dietary habits in the setting of immunosuppression. Specific immunosuppressants have different metabolic effects, although all the foundation/maintenance immunosuppressants (calcineurin inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors) increase the risk of metabolic disease. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the emerging knowledge of the molecular pathogenesis of these different metabolic complications, and the potential genetic contribution (recipient +/− donor) to these conditions. These metabolic complications impact both graft and patient survival, particularly increasing the risk of cardiovascular and cancer-associated mortality. The current evidence for prevention and therapeutic management of posttransplant metabolic conditions is provided while highlighting gaps for future avenues in translational research.
Hipopara-Red, Real Life Experience in 322 Patients With Hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Zanchetta María Belén , Robbiani Damián , Oliveri Beatriz , Giacoia Evangelina , Frigeri Adriana , Kallsbrum Silvia , Salerni Helena , Lucas Sabrina , Diaz Adriana , Perez Betiana , Pieroni Luisina , Arce Lange María Auxiliadora , Tormo Silvina , Kitaigrodsky Ariela , Galich Ana María 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Context
Hypoparathyroidism is a rare disease and, as such, its natural history, long-term complications, and correct clinical management remain unclear.

Objective
To describe the natural history and clinical characteristics of the disease.

Design and Setting
To present a retrospective observational analysis from 7 specialized centers in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Patients
Chronic hypoparathyroid patients followed-up between 1985 and December 2018.

Main Outcome Measures
Data on demographics, etiology, clinical complications, biochemical parameters, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) values, and treatment doses were collected.

Results
A total of 322 subjects with chronic hypoparathyroidism were included; 85.7% were female, the mean age was 55.2 ± 16.8 years, and the mean age at diagnosis was 43.8 ± 16.8 years. Prevalence of surgical hypoparathyroidism was 90.7%, with the most common causes being thyroid carcinoma and benign thyroid disease. A history of hypocalcemia requiring hospitalization was present in 25.7% of the whole group and in 4.3% of patients who had a history of seizures. Overall, 40.9% of our patients had reported at least 1 neuromuscular symptom. Renal insufficiency was present in 22.4% of our patients and was significantly associated with age (P &lt; 0.0001). Hyperphosphatemia was present in 42% of patients. A history of severe hypocalcemia, paresthesias, tetany, ganglia calcifications, seizures, and cataracts was significantly higher in nonsurgical patients.

Conclusion
Although these patients were followed-up by experienced physicians, clinical management was heterogeneous and probably insufficient to assess all the potential complications of this chronic disease. Almost 70% of the study’s group of patients met the experts’ indications for considering the use of rhPTH 1–84. Being aware of this fact is the 1st step in improving our medical management of this disease in the future.
HPV immunisation: A review of parent and stakeholder attitudes on school-based programmes
Authors: Burton Courtney L 
Published: November 2020

Aim: The purpose of this integrative review is to examine the benefits of school-based human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programmes in improving overall vaccine education and adherence among the recommended age groups. Methods: The review explores qualitative and quantitative research published between 2010 and 2019 on benefits and barriers to HPV school-based vaccination programmes and stakeholder attitudes influencing implementation in school settings. Results: A literature review was performed from a United States perspective among ten articles revealing five themes; vaccine knowledge deficit, parental and patient hesitancy, lack of provider recommendation, vaccine safety and side effect and association with increasing sexual activity. Conclusions: HPV-associated cancers and complications are considered a public health issue. However, stakeholder attitudes on school-based HPV vaccination programmes have shown a significant gap in clinical and vaccine knowledge. Moving forward, a multi-level approach through provider training and age-based recommendations among stakeholders is key in overcoming stigmas and barriers to improve vaccination education and uptake rates.
Materiales sensibles a biomarcadores y apósitos inteligentes: revisión sistemática
Authors: Ávila Francisco R. , Huayllani Maria T. , Boczar Daniel , Ciudad Pedro , Sarabia-Estrada Rachel , Quiñones-Hinojosa Alfredo , Forte Antonio J. 
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Evaluar una serie de biomarcadores que permiten medir el proceso de cicatrización de las heridas e identificar los materiales que fueron utilizados para realizar dicha medición, teniendo en cuenta su incorporación en apósitos inteligentes. Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática a partir de PubMed, Medline, CINAHL y Embase, sobre estudios que evaluaran el uso de materiales sensibles a biomarcadores. Se incluyeron estudios en inglés, sin tomar en cuenta el estado o fecha de publicación. No se incluyeron artículos de revisión ni sinopsis de conferencias. Resultados: La búsqueda mostró 296 estudios. Un investigador seleccionó 19 artículos para su inclusión. Todos los estudios fueron experimentales. Se encontraron artículos que evaluaron pH, tensión de oxígeno, temperatura, presión, ácido úrico, y glucosa. Los materiales utilizados fueron hidrogeles, fibras y tintas conductivas. Conclusión: El biomarcador más estudiado fue el pH. Los materiales que evalúan biomarcadores por medio de métodos colorimétricos podrían ser los más adecuados para su incorporación en apósitos inteligentes. Conflicto de interés: Este estudio fue respaldado, en parte, por el centro de Medicina Individualizada de Mayo Clinic, y por la Fundación de Cirugía Plástica (Plastic Surgery Foundation).
Determinantes sociales y demográficos relacionados con la cicatrización de heridas en un centro de asistencia y educación en enfermería
Authors: Moitinho Matheus Santos , Yamachi Cintia Yurie , González Carol V. Serna , de Gouveia Santos Vera L.C. , Gamba Mônica Antar 
Published: November 2020

Sinopsis Objetivo: Analizar los determinantes sociodemográficos que influyen en la evolución de los pacientes con heridas de difícil cicatrización. Método: Este estudio epidemiológico retrospectivo analizó 349 historias clínicas de personas con heridas de difícil cicatrización en un centro de asistencia y educación en enfermería en San Pablo, Brasil, entre 1994 y 2015. Se usó la escala Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH) para evaluar la cicatrización. Resultados: Se analizaron datos de 128 personas, la mayoría, adultos mayores. Los participantes se autodeclararon blancos (62%), con educación básica incompleta (31%), ingresos económicos familiares de hasta tres salarios mínimos (86%), diabetes mellitus (61%), e hipertensión arterial sistémica (58,4%). La escala PUSH varió entre 4 y 17 puntos (0–17 posibles), y el puntaje medio en la última valoración fue de, aproximadamente, 12. La tasa de cicatrización fue 60%. El color de piel blanca/amarilla aumentó 3,43 veces las chances de lograr la cicatrización (p<0,001). Conclusión: Los atributos sociales estudiados se asemejan a los principales indicadores de inequidades sociales en salud en Brasil. Se observó significancia estadística para los colores de piel blanca/amarilla, relacionados con la cicatrización de la herida. La consulta de enfermería contribuyó en lograr la cicatrización de las heridas. Conflicto de interés: Ninguno.
Prevención de lesiones cutáneas causadas por productos y equipos de protección personal durante COVID-19: revisión de alcance
Authors: da Silva Brandão Euzeli , Mandelbaum Maria Helena Sant Ana , Faria da Silva Liliane , Reis Bianca Leal , Tonole Renato 
Published: November 2020

Sinopsis Objetivo: Identificar, resumir y presentar las recomendaciones publicadas para prevenir lesiones cutáneas (cualquier alteración de la piel) por el uso de productos y equipos de protección personal (EPP) en profesionales de la salud durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Método: Se realizó una revisión de alcance, basada en las sugerencias del Instituto Joanna Briggs, entre diciembre de 2019 y mayo de 2020. Se incluyeron estudios realizados con profesionales de la salud de ambos sexos, que utilizaron productos y EPP durante la pandemia, en cualquier escenario de la atención sanitaria. Se examinaron los títulos y resúmenes de los estudios. Dos revisores independientes evaluaron el texto completo, según los criterios de inclusión establecidos. Resultados: Ocho publicaciones fueron seleccionadas. Todas se centraron en los cuidados relacionados con la prevención de lesiones por presión (LPP). Resaltaron la higiene e hidratación, y el uso de protectores cutáneos como medidas preventivas. Conclusión: Es necesario llevar a cabo investigaciones en busca de mejores estrategias para mantener la integridad de la piel de los profesionales de la salud en el ejercicio de su profesión durante el COVID-19. Conflicto de interés: Este artículo es parte de un proyecto apoyado por el Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovaciones (MCTI) y el Consejo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (CNPq) de Brasil.
Mother’s Breast is Best in Early Modern Spain
Authors: Cairns Emily Colbert 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMaternal milk is the first food practice that serves to control the female body, enabling certain women but not others from nursing infants. I explore how authors in early modern Spain conceptualized breastmilk and the social practices associated with nursing and advocate mother’s breast is best, by comparing, Antonio de Guevara’s 1529 Relox de los princípes with Ana Francisca Abarca de Bolea’s Catorce vidas de santas de la orden del císter (1655). In studying these texts together, I explore essential morays, real-life practices and propose an alternative way of understanding the body politic in early modern Iberia that is female-centered.
La esperanza en carne propia: El cuerpo sensorial enTala y Lagarde Gabriela Mistral
Authors: Karr-Cornejo Katherine 
Published: November 2020

ResumenLa importancia del cuerpo en la religión cristiana se ha escondido detrás del binarismo cuerpo-alma. En Tala (1938) y Lagar (1954) de Gabriela Mistral, el cuerpo que siente y percibe revela patrones de conocimiento teológico vinculado a la doctrina de la encarnación y la articulación de una antropología teológica. Al leer una selección de poesía en clave teopoética, se muestra la esperanza formada en un cuerpo poético que siente, desea y busca relacionarse con otros.
Testimonios sobre violencia sexual y delación: Víctimas/verdugos en la zona gris de la era Pinochet
Authors: González Ruth Nelly Solarte 
Published: November 2020

Resumen
Este artículo examina los testimonios de Luz Arce y Marcia Merino, militantes izquierdistas, calificadas como víctimas-verdugos por su cautiverio y posterior colaboración con sus raptores durante la dictadura pinochetista. Se apela aquí a la figura de Sonderkommandos en los campos de concentración nazi y al concepto de zona gris de Primo Levi para analizar la imagen de estas mujeres. El estudio se focaliza en el uso de la violencia sexual como instrumento correctivo y punitivo en los centros de detención chilenos. Asimismo, se estudia el cuerpo sexuado femenino y las relaciones afectivas que se presentaron entre las detenidas y sus captores.
Summoning the Ghosts: Catalan Anti-Fascist Women’s Memory in El gran vuelo (The Great Flight, 2004)
Authors: Cami-Vela María 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Between the late 1930s and the 1950s, the repressive policies of the Spanish state dominated Catalan anti-fascist women with brutal and systematic strategies. Both the victims and the locations of these crimes were erased from the official annals of history. This paper will analyze how The Great Flight recovers them from oblivion. Director Carolina Astudillo resurrects their memory and reconstructs the story of Clara Pueyo Jornet who was imprisoned, tortured and sentenced to death for her clandestine work on the re-organization of the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia.
“¿Dónde están las yales?” Reggaetón and Womanhood in the Welfare Island
Authors: Ellis Verónica Dávila 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The gendered term yal has been recently employed in Puerto Rican colloquial parlance to characterize women who exhibit apparently indecent behavior. This article explores how the yal moniker has been extracted from reggaetón music and resignified through public discourse and performances. I analyze how female recipients of social welfare and federal aid in the Puerto Rican archipelago have been impacted by this classed and racialized stereotype. Paralleling the history of stereotypes employed to police African American women with the development of yal, I show how hegemonic discourses operate upon the vilification of poor women to rationalize social and economic stagnation.
O grande encarceramento feminino
Authors: Fernandes Sousa Jaqueline Aparecida 
Published: November 2020

O presente trabalho é fruto das investigações realizadas ao longo do curso de Mestrado em Direito Público da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia-MG, cuja defesa ocorreu em fevereiro de 2019. Por meio de reflexões críticas, inseridas na Criminologia Feminista, foi possível analisar o panorama feminino no interior do sistema prisional. Em que pese a quantidade de leis que surgiram nos últimos anos vislumbrando mitigar o quadro de mazelas do sistema prisional, na prática, verifica-se que todo esse aparato normativo não goza de efetividade, deixando de ser aplicado cotidianamente, o que leva à violação de direitos de milhares de mulheres, mesmo aquelas custodiadas provisoriamente no cárcere. Nesse artigo privilegia-se a discussão sobre a relação entre o grande encarceramento das mulheres e a denominada feminização da pobreza, responsável, em alguma medida, pela seletividade punitiva observada também no Brasil.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Criminologia Feminista. Encarceramento Feminino. Política Criminal de Gênero.
A luta das mulheres negras na “fila da sacolinha”
Authors: Sousa de Jesus Andreia 
Published: November 2020

Este artigo analisa a experiência de mulheres que acompanham a vida de seus filhos/filhas, irmãos/irmãs, companheiros/companheiras, e demais parentes em situação de cárcere. Pessoas estas que são, em sua maioria, negras. A administração tanto da população privada de liberdade como de seus familiares, evidencia, ainda hoje, a manutenção do pensamento colonial, que racializa os indivíduos, negando-os a cidadania e a atribuição de humanidade. Assim, é possível perceber uma exposição ao racismo estrutural, por meio de violências sistematizadas contra as mulheres negras que protagonizam o universo do cárcere, mesmo quando não são detentas. A hipótese aqui colocada é a de que uma gestão necropolítica se evidencia também no serviço de atendimento às visitas familiares dentro do cárcere.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Racismo Estrutural. Necropolítica. Mulheres Negras.
Agressão contra mulheres e suas consequências – uma temática de interesse? bibliometria sobre violência de gênero
Authors: Pinto Cintia Loos , Christino Juliana Maria Magalhães 
Published: November 2020

O objetivo deste artigo foi avaliar o perfil das publicações sobre violência contra a mulher indexadas na base de dados da Web of Science. Para tal optou-se por uma bibliometria que utilizou os softwares Citespace e VOSviewier, avaliando 4576 artigos publicados no período de 1975 a 2019.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Violência de Gênero. Violência Doméstica. Bibliometria.
INSIGHTS: THE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR BUIDING THE WORLD CLASS GOOD GOVERNANCE ETHICS
Authors: Wan Husain Wan Ahmad Fauzi 
Published: November 2020

Good governance without ethics is a corpse. Both must coexist to define morality of behavior be it in individual self or group of people or an organization. The Renaissance gave birth to schools of thought that adopted secularism to define humanity and rights even though the teaching of religions are still an essence for personal aspects of life. Hence, this paper introduces the conceptual framework for building the World class good governance ethics as articulated from the conduct of Prophet Muhammad SAW, who has been recognized as the most influential people in history by Michael H Hart. This conceptual framework will help individual as well as private and public enterprises to seek the essence of moral principles as guidance for good governance ethics. In conclusion, the World class good governance ethics is the conduct of management and behavior within an organization or individual that comply with the principles of faith, accountability, disruptive leadership, integrity, trustworthiness underpinned with the practice of consultation towards the achievement of justice
Epidemiology and antibiotic resistance profile of bacterial meningitis in Morocco from 2015 to 2018
Authors: Ikken Youssef , Charof Réda , Benaouda Amina , Hilali Farida , Akkaoui Sanae , Elouennass Mostafa , Sekhsokh Yassine 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOver a 4-year study period from 2015 to 2018, altogether 183 isolates of bacterial meningitis were collected from 12 hospitals covering the entire Moroccan territory. Neisseria meningitidis represented 58.5%, Streptococcus pneumoniae 35.5%, and Haemophilus influenzae type b 6%. H. influenzae type b mainly affected 5-year-olds and unvaccinated adults. N. meningitidis serogroup B represented 90.7% followed by serogroup W135 with 6.5%. Decreased susceptibility to penicillin G (DSPG) for all isolates accounted for 15.7%, with 11.6% being resistant to penicillin G (PG) and 4.1% decreased susceptibility. Cumulative results of all strains showed 2.7% decreased susceptibility to amoxicillin and 3.3% resistant, 2.2% of isolates were resistant to third-generation cephalosporin and 2.2% were decreased susceptible, 5.5% were resistant to chloramphenicol and 2.7% were resistant to rifampin. The frequency of DSPG observed in our study is more common in S. pneumoniae than in N. meningitidis (P < 0.05). These isolates have been found to be highly susceptible to antibiotics used for treatment and prophylaxis chemotherapy and the observed resistance remains rare. The impact of introduction of conjugate vaccines against H. influenzae type b and S. pneumoniae (PCVs) is an advantage in reducing meningitis cases due to these two species.
Mentoring valorization in combating violent and aggressive behaviour in preadolescence and adolescence
Authors: Diana Antoci , Valentina Mislitchi , Maria Diacon 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present work combats the problem of violence and aggressive behaviour through mentoring. The theoretical point of view certified studies that highlight various aspects of the problem of violent and aggressive behaviour remediation of preadolescents and adolescents. At present there are no publications that completely synthesize the institutional and normative field of mentoring. The existing publications reference to the regulation regarding the establishment of the mentoring system for teaching staff in education. Thus, the problem of mentoring valorization in combating violent behaviour among preadolescents and adolescents remains unresolved. The viable solution to solving these actual problems of the postmodern world is to focus on the personality value system.
Eating disorder characteristics among Hungarian medical students: Changes between 1989 and 2011
Authors: Túry Ferenc , Szabó Pál , Dukay-Szabó Szilvia , Szumska Irena , Simon Dávid , Rathner Günther 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsThere are contradictory findings on time changes in the prevalence of eating disorders (EDs). The first epidemiological studies in Hungary were carried out in the late 1980s. The objective of the present study was to follow the changes in the prevalence of EDs in medical students after a period of 22 years.MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted in 1989 and in 2010. The sample comprised medical students: 538 subjects (248 males and 290 females) in 1989 and 969 subjects (261 males and 708 females) in 2010. The questionnaire contained sociodemographic and anthropometric items, the Eating Behaviour Severity Scale, the General Health Questionnaire, the Anorexia Nervosa Inventory for Self-Rating, and the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI). In the second wave, three subscales of the EDI-2 and the SCOFF questionnaire were added.ResultsCurrent and desired body mass index were significantly higher in the second study. Binge eating at least once a week was reported less frequently (2.7% vs 6.8% in males, 6.1% vs 13% in females) in 2010. The proportion of subclinical anorexia nervosa was higher among females in 2011 (2.5% vs 0.3%,P< 0.01). Among males, the proportion of counterregulatory behaviours increased significantly (from 8.9 to 14.6%).Discussion and conclusionsThe increase of the proportion of subclinical anorexia nervosa and that of male EDs may relate to the importance of the changes in the sociocultural background. Further representative studies are proposed in other countries of Central and Eastern Europe among medical students and in the general population.