bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of plectin-1 immunohistochemical expression in human colon cancer tumor progression
Authors: Kannarkat G. J. , Harris T. , Kelly K. , Fracasso P. , Moskaluk C. 
Published: August 2020

e22132 Background: Plectin-1 (PLEC1), a known scaffolding protein, was recently discovered to be upregulated and redistributed to the cell membrane in multiple cancers, thereby providing a molecular imaging biomarker for disease detection. The purpose of this study was to examine PLEC1 staining in the tumor progression of human colorectal carcinoma. Methods: A tissue microarray of colonic neoplastic progression was stained with antibody to PLEC1. A total PLEC1 immunohistochemical (IHC) staining score was obtained by multiplying the intensity of PLEC1 membrane staining, scored 1 to 3, by the percent of target cells stained, scored 1 (<25%), 2 ( 25%-75%) and 3 (>75%). Each specimen was grouped into low (0–2), intermediate (3–5) or high (6–9) expression. The mean IHC score and group distribution were obtained for each tissue type. Results: Normal colonic tissue showed the lowest membrane expression of PLEC1 with a mean IHC score of 2.24. Approximately 80% of cases were in the low group. Colonic adenomas had a slightly higher mean IHC score, 2.57, with more cases falling in the intermediate group. Invasive colorectal cancer as a whole had a mean IHC score of 3.96 with a third of cases falling into the high expression group. Inflamed colonic tissue (ulcerative colitis) stained the highest with a mean IHC score of 4.83 and all cases falling in the intermediate or high group. Conclusions: There is increasing membrane expression of PLEC1 in colonic epithelium through tumor progression. The observation of a difference in IHC staining of normal and malignant tissue requires larger confirmatory studies, but the redistribution of PLEC1 to the cell surface is a potential biomarker for molecular imaging of cancer and potential target for novel therapeutic agents. However, our finding of increased PLEC1 membrane staining in actively inflamed tissue may indicate an important caveat in the use and implementation of this biomarker in certain clinical situations. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Prophylactic surgery and ovarian cancer treatment of women carriers of BRCA 1 gene mutation
Authors: Rzepka-Górska I. , Chudecka-Glaz A. , Górski B. 
Published: August 2020

e22139 Backgrounds. Tree BRCA 1 mutations commonly present in Polish population (5382 insC, C61G, 4153 delA) have been implicated in familial clustering of mammary-ovarian cancer. Prophylactic bilateral adnexectomy reduce the risk of ovarian cancer of more then 80% and the risk of brest cancer to 53%. Methods. It is retrospective study. We enrolled 193 women carriers of BRCA 1 mutation. 161 had prophylactic adnexectomy and 32 were treated because of diagnosed ovarian cancer. All were treated at our Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents between 1999–2008. We analysed the frequency of brest cancer in patients who were admitted to the hospital for prophylactic surgery and number of ovarian cancer diagnosed during prophylactic surgery. We analysed the response on standard treatment based on platinum analogs in carriers of BRCA 1 with ovarian cancer. It was also evaluated the incidence of primary peritoneal cancer in patients after prophylactic treatment. Results. The age of women at the time of prophylactic operation were between 41–60 y.o (mean 45 years old). We found, that 61 of patients had already diagnosed and were treated because of breast cancer (37.9%). During prophylactic surgery we diagnosed 10 cases of ovarian cancer, 2 cases of primary peritoneal cancer and 2 fallopian tubes cancer. These patients had no symptoms and were qualified to prophylactic adnexectomy. 32 women with ovarian cancer diagnosis had typical response to standard treatment, 70% were platinum sensitive and DFS was more then 12 months, 25 % had DFS between 6–12 months and 5% were platinum resistant. There were diagnosed only 2 cases of primary peritoneal cancer in patients after 31 and 61 months from prophylactic treatment. Conclusions. Separation the risk group - patients carriers BRCA 1 mutation let us to introduce effective prophylactic rules of conduct. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The reliability of HER2-status determination from core-needle-biopsies and surgical specimens: A comparison of two established test methods (IHC, CISH)
Authors: Wolf V. , Groβe R. , Erggelet J. , Holzhausen H. J. , Hauptmann S. , Thomssen C. 
Published: August 2020

e22141 Background: A milestone of breast-cancer therapy was the discovery of HER-2 entailing special targeted therapy with improved prognosis. The HER-2-status is routinely assessed through immunohistochemistry (IHC; HercepTest) showing protein over-expression and is double-checked with in-situ-hybridisation (ISH) demonstrating gene amplification in equivocal cases. It is questioned whether these methods achieve identical results in core-needle-biopsies and in excisional tumor specimens. Methods: We performed a retrospective comparative study in order to address these questions. From 01/03–06/08 we collected the HercepTest results from both core-needle-biopsy and surgical specimen of 109 breast cancer patients in our institute and compared these to newly evaluated chromogenic ISH (CISH) results for both specimen types in order to assess the reliability of HER-2- diagnosis of both methodological approaches and of specimen type. Results: We found no significant difference in the HER- 2-status determined from either needle-biopsies or surgical specimens irrespective of the test used. For the overall comparison (218 specimens) of HercepTest and CISH we found only slight, non-significant deviations. Four cases were CISH-negative in spite of HercepTest scoring of 3+. Vice versa, five out of the total of 38 (17.4%) CISH-positives did not correspond to the HercepTest results of 0 or 1+. Conclusions: Though not significant, there is some inconsistency in the HER-2-determination depending on the test-method, leaving these cases equivocal. In accordance with the literature, we therefore recommend to at least double-check samples with 2+ in the HercepTest as it is the current standard. Our data support the use of core-needle-biopsy as a reliable tissue sample for HER-2-diagnosis. [Table: see text]
Interactions between neutrophils and NSCLC cells in vitro effects on neutrophil inflammatory mediator generation and tumour cell proliferation
Authors: Hattar K. , Franz K. , Ludwig M. , Banat A. , Seeger W. , Grimminger F. , Sibelius U. , Grandel U. 
Published: August 2020

e22148 Background: Growing evidence indicates that interactions between tumour cells and the inflammatory cellular microenvironment are crucial for tumour biology. In NSCLC, both bacterial infections and leukocytosis are associated with a poor prognosis. Against this background, we studied the effect of normal bronchial epithelial cells (B2B) and NSCLC cells (A549) on inflammatory neutrophil behaviour and quantified tumour cell proliferation in the presence of neutrophils. Methods: Isolated human neutrophils were co-cultured with B2B or A549 cells. Neutrophil respiratory burst was quantified by cytochrome C reduction and elastase activity was measured by the kinetics of substrate turnover. Proliferation of A549 cells was determined by MTS- assay. Results: Co-culturing human neutrophils with A549 cells stimulated neutrophil respiratory burst and degranulation in response to the bacterial tripeptide fMLP. In contrast, when co-cultured with B2B cells, these inflammatory neutrophil reactions were blunted. This could be attributed to release of NO and adenosine by the B2B cells. The increase of oxygen radical release and elastase degranulation in the presence of A549 cells was mediated by direct cell-to-cell contact. COX-2 dependent prostanoids were obviously involved in the activation of inflammatory neutrophil behaviour, as shown by the inhibitory capacity of the COX-2 specific inhibitor NS-398 in the co-culture system. Interestingly, activated neutrophils induced proliferation of NSCLC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusions: The reciprocal interactions between neutrophils and NSCLC cells may enhance neutrophil-derived tissue destruction and tumour growth under inflammatory conditions. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The association of tissue and serum adiponectin levels with the parameters of insulin-resistance in breast cancer patients
Authors: Seker M. , Erkal F. Y. , Bilici A. , Salman T. , Ustaalioglu B. O. , Karaduman M. , Sonmez B. , Gezen C. , Gumus M. , Yaylaci M. 
Published: August 2020

e22172 Background: Adiponectin is a novel adipocyte-secreted proteine and associated with insulin-resistant (IR) status, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. The inverse correlation between serum adiponectin levels and breast cancer risk was previously documented. Moreover, the association of high tissue adiponectin levels with breast cancer has been recently reported. In the present study, the relationship among tumor, normal breast tissue and serum adiponectin levels, breast cancer, and the other IR parameters were evaluated. Methods: Fifty-three patients with diagnosed and histologically confirmed breast cancer were included in our study. We analyzed the correlation among the levels of normal and tumor breast tissue adiponectin and serum adiponectin levels. In addition, the association of tissue and serum adiponectin levels with the various classical risk and IR factors, such as body mass index, menopausal status and, tumor size, stage, lymph node status, hormonal status were also studied. Results: Tumor tissue adiponectin levels (56 ± 9.6 ng/ml) were similar with normal breast tissue (56 ± 10 ng/ml) (p>0.05). However, the serum adiponectin levels were significantly lower compared with both normal and tumor tissue (p<0.05). In addition, the inversely association of serum adiponectin levels with tumor tissue adiponectin levels was detected (p=0.001). The inverse correlation between T stage and tumor tissue adiponectin was found (p=0.03). The levels of serum adiponectin were significantly more higher in patients with c- erb-B2 overexpressed (p=0,008). Both nuclear and histologic grade were significantly associated with serum adiponectin levels (p=0.04,p=0.04, respectively). On the other hand, the reverse relationship between nuclear grade and, both tumor (p=0.01) and normal tissue (p=0.009) adiponectin levels was also detected. In subgroup analysis, the correlation among demographic, clinicopathologic, IR parameters, tissue and serum adiponectin levels was not found (p>0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the low serum adiponectin and high normal and tumor tissue adiponectin levels detected in breast cancer patients and serum adiponectin levels inversely associated with tumor tissue adiponectin levels. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Uncommon breast malignancies: Presentation pattern, treatment options and outcome in a single Institution experience
Authors: Bareggi C. , Consonni D. , Galassi B. , Gambini D. , Locatelli E. , Visintin R. , Runza L. , Giroda M. , Reali G. , Tomirotti M. 
Published: August 2020

e22174 Background: Uncommon breast tumors are often neglected by large clinical trials, even if their incidence is not so low. Methods: We investigated stage, treatment and outcome of 112 patients affected by uncommon breast cancer, out of 2,185 breast cancer patients diagnosed and followed in our Institution from January 1985 to October 2008. Results: Rare subtypes were represented as follows: tubular 2.7% (58 pts), mucinous 1.1% (25 pts), medullary 1% (21 pts), papillary 0.4% (8 pts). Median age at diagnosis was 56.5 years among patients with tubular histotype, 68.9 years for mucinous, 55 and 61.7 years for medullary and papillary, respectively. Stage I tumors were 87.7% among patients with tubular differentiation, 60% for mucinous, 26.3% for medullary and 50% for papillary, (compared to 45.7% in invasive ductal carcinoma: 1,626 pts). Stage II represented 12.3% among patients with tubular carcinoma, 32% for mucinous, 57.9% for medullary and 37.5% for papillary. Surgical option for stage I and stage II was usually conservative surgery (quadrantectomy, lumpectomy) plus local radiotherapy, followed by estrogenic blockade. In stage III radical mastectomy was often performed, followed by hormonal suppression. Median DFS for patients with tubular cancer was 4.1 years, for mucinous 3.7 years, 10.5 and 5.1 years for medullary and papillary, respectively. Median OS for patients with tubular cancer was 4.3 years, whereas for mucinous 4.2 years, for medullary 11 years and 5.3 years for papillary. Conclusions: In our retrospective analysis, uncommon breast tumors are often diagnosed at limited stages, resulting in good prognosis, with standard treatment. Further studies are warranted for a better management of these diseases. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Association between P53 expression or TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and prognosis in patients with operated invasive breast cancer
Authors: Jeong J. , Chae Y. , Kim J. , Sohn S. , Park H. , Park J. , Yang J. , Park I. , Lee Y. 
Published: August 2020

e22175 Background: The present study analyzed the impact of p53 expression and TP53 codon 72 polymorphism on the prognosis in patients with operated invasive breast cancer. Methods: Two hundred thirty-four patients with ductal breast cancer who underwent surgery with curative intent were enrolled in the present study. The tumor expressions of p53, ER, PR, and HER2 were graded immunohistochemically and TP53 codon 72 polymorphism was determined by a PCR-RFLP assay using genomic DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue. Results: The median age was 49 (range, 24–82) years, and 134 (57.3%) patients were premenopause at the time of diagnosis. Pathologic stages after surgery were as follows: stage I (n=77, 32.9%), stage II (n=110, 47.0%), and stage III (n=47, 20.1%). Tumor overexpression of p53 protein was observed in 59 (25.2%) patients and was associated with an unfavorable relapse-free survival (RFS) in an univariate analysis adjusted to age, stage, and menstrual status. In a multivariate analysis, p53 overexpression was an independent prognostic factor for RFS (HR=2.36; 95% CI=1.09–5.13; p=0.030). However, no associations were observed between the genotype of TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and survival or clinicopathologic characteristics. Conclusions: Overexpression of p53 protein can be considered as a prognostic factor for RFS in the breast cancer patients after surgery. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effect of id1 and id2 proteins (inhibitors of dna binding) expression in human colorectal cell lines
Authors: Calvo B. , Muñoz A. , Jangi M. , Aresti U. , Garcia A. , Alonso A. , Marrodan I. , Moreno A. , Lopez-Vivanco G. , Carrera S. 
Published: August 2020

e22179 Background: Id1 and Id2 proteins are negative regulators of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, a family of components in the transcriptional network regulating cell growth and differentiation. Id1 and Id2 are overexpressed in human colorectal carcinoma and might play a critical role in the malignant cell phenotype. Methods: Two cell-lines were use for the analysis. NCM460: immortal non-tumoral cells from colon mucosa, and Caco-2: epithelial cells from colorectal carcinoma. Cell-lines were transfected with different constructs based on pLXSN vector (Clontech) to overexpress or inhibit the expression of the Id1 and Id2 genes, and then cultured for the analysis. Quantification of Id1 and Id2 expression were assessed by RT-PCR and Western-blot, respectively. A gene expression profile using oligonucleotide microarrays (Agilent Technologies) was performed in each cell line. Results: NCM460 cells and Caco-2 cells overexpressing Id1 (NCM460-Id1 and Caco-2-Id1) showed a statistically significant higher proliferation, invasion and migration, compared with both normal and Id1 inhibited cells. Id2 overexpression was related with a higher invasion capability only in NCM460 cells, without significant effect on proliferation and migration. NCM460-Id1 cells showed overexpression of PTMA, TYMS and LMNB1 genes, whereas HOXB8, LRP1, MMP17, NDRG1, MAP3K10, SCGb3A1 and BBC3 were upregulated. PTP4A1 and DKK1 were overexpressed in Caco-2-Id1 cells, and NDRG1, LRP1, FMOD and ENO1 were repressed. Conclusions: Id-1 expression is associated with proliferation, migration and invasion in both normal and tumoral colonic cell lines, and it is related with regulation of several genes implicated in colorectal cancer phenotype. Id proteins might be a potential target for the development of new antineoplastic agents. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Gene expression profile of human colorectal cancer using oligonucleotide microarray
Authors: Munoz Llarena A. , Garcia A. , Suarez B. , Jangi M. , Garrido P. , Mañe J. , Sancho A. , Martinez A. , Lopez- Vivanco G. , Carrera S. 
Published: August 2020

e22182 Background: Current microarray technologies allow the analysis of thousands of genes simultaneously. We analyze the gene expression profile of different samples from human colorectal carcinoma in relation with the clinical stage at diagnosis. Methods: Thirty-one patients were included: 13 with stage II (transmural invasion of the colonic wall without lymph node invasion), 10 with stage III (regional lymph node invasion) and 8 with stage IV at diagnosis (metastatic). RNA was extracted from fresh tumour samples, and the quantity and quality were assessed by spectrophotometric method and capilar electrophoresis. Tumoral samples were hibrizided with a pool containing non-tumoral colonic mucosa from 33 patients with colorectal cancer. Normalized crude data were used for the initial selection of the genes, using several univariate metrics (Matusita, Kullback-Leibler, Bhattachryya). A high confidence Bayesian network was used to compare the best ranked genes with the stage of the tumour at diagnosis. Results: We identified a group of 20 genes with potential prognostic value. Of them, nine genes (HAS1, LO9861, NHLRC2, ATP6V0E2, GTFH2H2, FLJ34077 , CASP12 and RP5–1077B9.4) were able to discriminate cases with stage II-III and those with stage IV, and 11 genes (MEA1, SPRY4, TLR8, SAMSN1, DGCR14, MRCL3, SMAD2, SFRS12, LAPTM4A, CD18 and FAM111A) could discriminate between patients with stage II or III, in 95% of the cases. Data were validated with 18 new patients with colorectal cancer using a quantitative method (RT- PCR). Conclusions: Only few genes are able to discriminate the clinical stage of the tumour at diagnosis with a fresh sample of the primary. Patients with an unfavourable signature might benefit of a more extensive initial work-up. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Incidence of triple negative breast cancer phenotype in a predominantly Hispanic cohort
Authors: Khan A. , Tovar Y. E. , Rodriguez C. , Huerta A. L. , Rajabi B. , Hakim M. N. , Mulla Z. D. 
Published: August 2020

e22188 Background: In daily oncology practice, triple-negative invasive breast cancer is defined by negative immunohistochemistry for ER, PR and HER-2. Patients with this phenotype experience poor prognosis due to limited treatment options and intrinsic tumor biology. In a population-based case-control study, the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (Carey et al, JCO, 2004: suppl; abstr 9510), the triple-negative phenotype in African-American women represented 33.9% of the tumors. We aimed to identify the incidence of triple-negative invasive breast cancer in a group of women living in a predominantly Hispanic population on the Texas- Mexico border. Methods: We collected retrospective data for all invasive breast cases diagnosed between January 2005 and December 2008 at our affiliated county hospital. Clinical and pathological features were summarized. ER, PR and HER-2 was performed by immunohistochemistry. Results: 309 patients with invasive breast cancer were identified. 23.9% (74 patients) of all breast cancer patients were triple-negative. 70 of the 74 subjects (94.6%) were Hispanic. There was equal distribution of patients over and under the age of 50. Histologically all cases were invasive ductal carcinoma. The vast majority had grade 3 tumors (82%) with a high Ki-67 proliferative index (97%). Lymphovascular invasion was present in 38 patients (51.4%). Distant metastases at diagnosis was found in 4 patients (5.4%). Conclusions: In our population-based study the proportion of triple-negative invasive breast cancer phenotype was not as high as in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study, but does reflect that a quarter of the patients with invasive breast cancer in this growing Hispanic population may carry this phenotype. The triple-negative phenotype was strongly associated with high tumor grade and proliferative index. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Epidemiology of cancer in Afghanistan
Authors: Pendharkar D. , Salim-Ul-Zaman H. 
Published: August 2020

e22200 Background:Cancer statistics from Afghanistan is not available. Aim of the exercise was to see pattern of cancer in the region. The analysis was done by inviting existing patients in a cancer assistance camp organized in Kabul Afghanistan. There are no existing cancer registries or treatment facilities in the country. Patients travel to neighboring states for treatment. Methods: Cancer assistance camps are one of the unique way to offer some medical as well as social and educational support to the patients and their families. National cancer Society an NGO from Delhi, India, organized two such camps at Kabul. Media advertisement was used to invite cancer patients and relatives. Overall about 350 patients were examined. Data from these patients were analysed. Results: Overall the commonest malignancy was found to be esophageal cancer. Nearly 25 % of the patients presented with signs and symptoms of esophageal cancer. GE junction tumors were common as well. Second commonest problem was lung cancer. Cases of head and neck cancer were not as common. Amongst females breast cancer was found to be commonest and about 15 % of ladies had female cancer. Evaluation of the probable causes of very high incidence of esophageal cancer was carried out by analyzing food habits. The population had unique habit of using large quantity of red barbeque meat. Large quantity means beyond A kilogram per day. The food is barbecued on wood and eaten without any spices.Similar analysis from similar altitude in Kashmir region of India, had shown very high incidence of GE junction and stomach cancer. The food pattern is similar except that the barbecued food is added with spices. Conclusions: The incidence of upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is unexpectedly high. There is a definite need to study causative mechanisms in the Himalayan part. These areas could serve as good models for preventive strategies as well as clinical trials for upper GI cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.