bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived naturalness of facial expression after hyaluronic acid filler injection in nasolabial folds and lower face
Authors: Philipp‐Dormston Wolfgang G. , Schuster Bernd , Podda Maurizio 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundIn addition to having a younger and more attractive appearance after facial aesthetic treatment, patients desire natural‐looking and long‐lasting results.ObjectiveTo evaluate perceived naturalness of dynamic facial expressions after treatment with hyaluronic acid fillers in nasolabial folds (NLFs) and lower face wrinkles and folds.MethodsSubjects requiring treatment of moderate‐to‐severe NLFs and at least one other lower face indication were treated with hyaluronic acid fillers. Assessments included perceived naturalness, attractiveness and age, NLF severity, aesthetic improvement, satisfaction, and safety.ResultsSixty‐three subjects were enrolled. Six months after treatment, naturalness of facial expression was maintained or enhanced for ≥98% of subjects, attractiveness was enhanced for ≥61% of subjects, and ≥34% of subjects looked younger, as assessed by investigators and an independent evaluator. Wrinkle severity had improved at least 1 grade for ≥54% of subjects at Month 12. Aesthetic improvement was reported for ≥92% of subjects 12 months after treatment. Satisfaction with treatment outcome was high. Local tolerability events and adverse events were mainly mild or moderate and resolved spontaneously.ConclusionHyaluronic acid treatment in NLFs and lower face was well tolerated and achieved natural‐looking results, long‐lasting aesthetic improvement, and high satisfaction with treatment outcome.
“It’s got its own life, and you can’t contain it”: A qualitative study of patient and health professional experiences of diabetes care
Authors: Watermeyer Jennifer , Hume Victoria , Seabi Tshegofatso , Pauly Bruno 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore the perspectives of patients and health professionals on facilitators and barriers to care in a diabetes clinic in urban South Africa.BackgroundAlthough much attention has been given to the science behind diabetes management, a qualitative approach to exploring experiences, facilitators and barriers to care may have considerable value in understanding and improving diabetes care.DesignWe conducted a qualitative study in the context of a 3‐year collaboration at a diabetes clinic. The present study formed part of the preparatory phase to the larger project.MethodsLinguistically and culturally matched research assistants collected data over a period of 18 months. Methods included interviews, focus groups, ethnographic observations and informal discussions with 38 patients and health professionals. Data from each participant group were transcribed, translated and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis principles and thereafter triangulated. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research checklist was followed.ResultsInitial findings suggest that factors can be classified into three overarching themes: relationships, health systems and the interplay between disease and the lifeworld. System resource pressures, the nuances of team interactions and a complex healthcare site may adversely affect care, even at sites where there are elements of good practice.ConclusionsThe collective psychosocial experience of patients appears to conflict with the biomedical approach to diabetes management. The all‐consuming nature of the disease, together with contextual and systemic factors, plays a significant role in influencing experiences of care.Relevance to clinical practiceWhile systemic and contextual influences on experiences of diabetes care may be difficult to modify, our study suggests a need to focus on ways of enhancing relationships within the clinic and seeking to understand the lifeworld of the patient.
Removing situation descriptions from situational judgment test items: Does the impact differ for video‐based versus text‐based formats?
Authors: Schäpers Philipp , Lievens Filip , Freudenstein Jan‐Philipp , Hüffmeier Joachim , König Cornelius J. , Krumm Stefan 
Published: November 2019

Recent research has shown that many text‐based situational judgment test (SJT) items can be solved even when the situational descriptions in the item stems are not presented to test takers. This finding challenges the traditional view of SJTs as low‐fidelity simulations that rely on ‘situational’ (context‐dependent) judgment. However, media richness theory and construal level theory suggest that situation descriptions presented in a richer and more concrete format (video format) will reduce uncertainty about inherent requirements and facilitate the perception that the situation is taking place in the here and now. Therefore, we hypothesized that situational judgment would be more important in video situation descriptions than in text situation descriptions. We adapted a leadership SJT to realize a 3 (situation description in the item stem: video vs. text vs. none) × 2 (response format: video response options vs. text response options) between‐subjects design (N = 279). Participants were randomly assigned to one of the six conditions. The removal of video‐based situation descriptions in item stems led to an equivalent decrease in SJT scores as the removal of text‐based situation descriptions in item stems (video‐based version: Cohen's d = 0.535 vs. text‐based version: Cohen's d = 0.531). SJT scores were also contingent on the presentation format of both situation descriptions and response options: The highest scores were observed when situation descriptions and response options were presented in the same format. Implications for SJT theory and research are discussed.Practitioner points

The presentation format did not moderate the effect of omitting situation descriptions in SJTs – that is, the context dependency of SJT performance did not increase when the SJT was administered in a video‐based rather than a text‐based format.

The elimination of situation descriptions in item stems had a medium effect on overall test scores: SJT scores were significant lower without situation descriptions in comparison to SJT scores with situation descriptions (video‐based version: Cohen's d = 0.535 vs. text‐based version: Cohen's d = 0.531).

It is important to match the stimulus and response formats in SJTs.
Disturbed eating behaviours do not impact treatment response in a paediatric obesity chronic care treatment programme
Authors: Fogh Mette , Lund Morten A V , Mollerup Pernille M , Johansen Mia Ø , Melskens Rikke H , Trier Cæcilie , Kloppenborg Julie T , Hansen Torben , Holm Jens‐Christian 
Published: November 2019

AimThis study investigates the prevalence of disturbed eating behaviours in children and adolescents initiating obesity treatment, and how the prevalence varies with age, sex and body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score (SDS). Secondly, it examines whether the presence of disturbed eating behaviours at enrolment is associated with the degree of weight loss after 12 months of treatment.MethodsA total of 3621 patients aged 3–18 years enrolled in a multidisciplinary obesity treatment programme were studied. Follow‐up data after a median of 12.4 months were available for 2055 patients. Upon entry, patients were assessed for the following disturbed eating behaviours: meal skipping, emotional eating, overeating and rapid eating. Height and weight were measured at baseline and follow‐up.ResultsAt enrolment, median age was 11.4 years, median BMI SDS was 2.87, and 82.2% of patients exhibited one or more disturbed eating behaviours. The prevalence of meal skipping, emotional eating and rapid eating increased with age (P < 0.01). Patients who reported overeating or rapid eating exhibited a 0.06–0.11 higher BMI SDS at enrolment than patients without these disturbed eating behaviours (P < 0.02). After 1 year of treatment, BMI SDS was reduced in 75.7% of patients, and the median reduction was 0.24 (95% confidence interval: 0.22–0.27). Overeating was associated with a higher degree of weight loss, while meal skipping, emotional eating and rapid eating did not associate with the degree of weight loss at follow‐up.ConclusionsDisturbed eating behaviours were highly prevalent in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity, and varied with age and sex. After 1 year of treatment, the degree of obesity improved, regardless of the presence of disturbed eating behaviours at treatment initiation.
Egg storage and breeder age impact on egg quality and embryo development
Authors: Nasri Hedia , van den Brand Henry , Najjar Taha , Bouzouaia Moncef 
Published: November 2019

AbstractProlonged hatching egg storage (>7 days) influences internal egg quality and embryo survival during both storage and subsequent incubation. Moreover, effects of storage of hatching eggs interact with the breeder age. The aim of this review was to investigate how this interaction between storage duration and breeder age affects egg, embryo, hatchling and chicken characteristics. Prolonged storage resulted in a reduction in egg quality in both young and old breeders. This reduction was more pronounced in young flocks than in older flocks. For example, albumen pH increased more after 8 days of storage in younger flocks than in older flocks. Additionally, the embryonic morphological stage appears to increase as well with storage duration, but this increase is again more pronounced in younger flocks than in older flocks. Short storage (<7 days) seems to increase hatchability of eggs from young breeders, probably as a result of albumen liquefaction with consequently better oxygen availability for the embryo. However, long storage (>7 days) resulted in a decline in hatchability, which was stronger in older breeders than in younger breeders. Prolonged storage duration resulted in lower chicken quality in both young and old breeders, but interaction between storage duration and breeder age on multiple chicken quality parameters is not clear. Based on this review, it can be concluded that (a) Short storage can improve hatchability of eggs from young breeders, but not from older breeders. (b) Negative impact of long storage appears to be lower with young breeders than with old breeders. (c) Adapted storage conditions related to the age of breeders might be an option to reduce negative effects of prolonged storage on hatching egg quality and chicken quality.
Facial changes related to brachycephaly in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with Chiari‐like malformation associated pain and secondary syringomyelia
Authors: Knowler Susan P. , Dumas Eleonore , Spiteri Michaela , McFadyen Angus K. , Stringer Felicity , Wells Kevin , Rusbridge Clare 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies including an innovative machine learning technique indicated Chiari‐like malformation (CM) is influenced by brachycephalic features.ObjectivesMorphometric analysis of facial anatomy and dysmorphia in CM‐associated pain (CM‐P) and syringomyelia (SM) in the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel (CKCS).AnimalsSixty‐six client‐owned CKCS.MethodsRetrospective study of anonymized T2W sagittal magnetic resonance imaging of 3 clinical groups: (1) 11 without central canal dilation (ccd) or SM (CM‐N), (2) 15 with CM‐P with no SM or <2 mm ccd (CM‐P), and (3) 40 with syrinx width ≥4 mm (SM‐S). Morphometric analysis assessed rostral skull flattening and position of the hard and soft palate relative to the cranial base in each clinical group and compared CKCS with and without SM‐S.ResultsSixteen of 28 measured variables were associated to SM‐S compared to CM‐N and CM‐P. Of these 6 were common to both groups. Predictive variables determined by discriminant analysis were (1) the ratio of cranial height with cranial length (P < .001 between SM‐S and CM‐N) and (2) the distance between the cerebrum and the frontal bone (P < .001 between SM‐S and CM‐P). CM‐P had the lowest mean height of the maxillary area.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCKCS with CM‐P and SM‐S have cranial brachycephaly with osseous insufficiency in the skull with rostral flattening and increased proximity of the hard and soft palate to the cranial base. Changes are greatest with CM‐P. These findings have relevance for understanding disease pathogenesis and for selection of head conformation for breeding purposes.
Preliminary evaluation of fecal fatty acid concentrations in cats with chronic kidney disease and correlation with indoxyl sulfate and p‐cresol sulfate
Authors: Summers Stacie , Quimby Jessica M. , Phillips Robert Kyle , Stockman Jonathan , Isaiah Anitha , Lidbury Jonathan A. , Steiner Joerg M. , Suchodolski Jan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundStraight‐ and branched‐chain (BCFA) short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced by colonic microbiota and have both beneficial and deleterious effects in humans with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Fecal SCFAs in cats with CKD have not been described.ObjectiveTo characterize fecal SCFA concentrations in cats with CKD as compared to healthy geriatric cats and correlate SCFA to serum indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p‐cresol sulfate (pCS) concentrations.AnimalsTwenty‐eight cats with CKD (International Renal Interest Society [IRIS] stages 2, 3, and 4) and 11 older (≥ 8 years) healthy geriatric cats.MethodsProspective, cross‐sectional study. Voided feces were analyzed using stable isotope dilution gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry to determine fecal concentrations of SCFAs. Serum concentrations of IS and pCS were measured using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsFecal isovaleric acid concentrations were significantly higher in CKD cats(P = .02) Cats with IRIS CKD stage 3 and 4 had significantly higher fecal isovaleric acid concentrations compared to healthy geriatric cats (P = .03), but not compared to IRIS CKD stage 2 cats. Total fecal concentrations of BCFAs were found to correlate weakly with serum creatinine concentration (rho, 0.33; P = .05), blood urea nitrogen concentration (rho, 0.40; P = .01), and pCS concentration (rho, 0.35; P = .04).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceFecal isovaleric acid concentrations were higher in CKD cats, particularly in late stage disease, compared to healthy geriatric cats. Fecal BCFA concentrations correlated with pCS and were higher in cats with muscle wasting, providing evidence for malassimilation of protein in CKD cats.
Depletion study and withdrawal period calculation of florfenicol in the crucian carp (Carassius auratus) following multiple intramuscular injections
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhang Chao‐Shuo , Wang Han , Yang Fang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe previously adopted marker residue for florfenicol (FF) in China was only florfenicol amine (FFA); however, the marker residue has been changed to FF plus FFA since the end of 2017. The previous official withdrawal period determined based on the only concentration of FFA may no longer be suitable. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the depletion profiles of FF and FFA and further calculate the withdrawal period in the crucian carp (Carassius auratus) based on the new marker residues. Florfenicol was intramuscularly administered at 10 mg/kg bodyweight daily for five consecutive days to crucian carps reared in freshwater at 10°C. After the last dose, plasma and tissue samples were randomly collected from 10 fish at different time points. The FF and FFA concentrations were simultaneously determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector and further subjected to noncompartmental analysis. The elimination half‐life (h) of FF in different tissues decreased as follows: liver (39.1) > kidney (36.3) > skin plus muscle (34.6) > plasma (31.7), whereas that of FFA decreased as follows: kidney (41.4) > skin plus muscle (39.4) > liver (39.3) > plasma (35.7). Considering a maximum residue limit of 1 μg/g for the total concentration of FF and FFA in the skin plus muscle, a withdrawal period of 6 days was calculated based on the upper limit of the one‐sided 95% confidence interval.
Learning English Through Out‐of‐School Exposure: How Do Word‐Related Variables and Proficiency Influence Receptive Vocabulary Learning?
Authors: De Wilde Vanessa , Brysbaert Marc , Eyckmans June 
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to investigate which word‐related variables play a role in Dutch‐speaking children's L2 word learning through out‐of‐school exposure prior to classroom instruction in the foreign language. We used different measures to investigate the role of frequency, concreteness, cognateness, and age of acquisition (AoA) in receptive vocabulary learning. The results showed that cognateness and L1 AoA were important predictors of receptive word knowledge for all the participants. The findings confirmed that cognateness is important in vocabulary learning and that less proficient learners tend to guess the meaning of words based on their L1. The results also showed significant interactions between proficiency and cognateness, frequency, AoA, and concreteness, indicating that more proficient L2 learners are open to L2‐related variables such as L2 word frequency. This indicates that word‐related variables contribute in different ways according to learners’ proficiency levels.Open PracticesThis article has been awarded the Open Data badge. All data are publicly accessible through the Open Science Framework at https://osf.io/ndr47/ and via the IRIS database at https://www.iris-database.org. Learn more about the Open Practices badges from the Center for Open Science: https://osf.io/tvyxz/wiki.
Evidence for a role of protein phosphorylation in the maintenance of the cnidarian–algal symbiosis
Authors: Simona Fabia , Zhang Huoming , Voolstra Christian R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe endosymbiotic relationship between cnidarians and photosynthetic dinoflagellate algae provides the foundation of coral reef ecosystems. This essential interaction is globally threatened by anthropogenic disturbance. As such, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms underpinning the cnidarian–algal association. Here we investigated phosphorylation‐mediated protein signalling as a mechanism of regulation of the cnidarian–algal interaction, and we report on the generation of the first phosphoproteome for the coral model system Aiptasia. Mass spectrometry‐based phosphoproteomics using data‐independent acquisition allowed consistent quantification of over 3,000 phosphopeptides totalling more than 1,600 phosphoproteins across aposymbiotic (symbiont‐free) and symbiotic anemones. Comparison of the symbiotic states showed distinct phosphoproteomic profiles attributable to the differential phosphorylation of 539 proteins that cover a broad range of functions, from receptors to structural and signal transduction proteins. A subsequent pathway enrichment analysis identified the processes of “protein digestion and absorption,” “carbohydrate metabolism,” and “protein folding, sorting and degradation,” and highlighted differential phosphorylation of the “phospholipase D signalling pathway” and “protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum.” Targeted phosphorylation of the phospholipase D signalling pathway suggests control of glutamate vesicle trafficking across symbiotic compartments, and phosphorylation of the endoplasmic reticulum machinery suggests recycling of symbiosome‐associated proteins. Our study shows for the first time that changes in the phosphorylation status of proteins between aposymbiotic and symbiotic Aiptasia anemones may play a role in the regulation of the cnidarian–algal symbiosis. This is the first phosphoproteomic study of a cnidarian–algal symbiotic association as well as the first application of quantification by data‐independent acquisition in the coral field.
Lifetime coastal and oceanic foraging patterns of male Guadalupe fur seals and California sea lions
Authors: Aurioles‐Gamboa David , Szteren Diana 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCarcasses of adult and subadult male Guadalupe fur seals (GFSs) are beached on Isla Magdalena, representing about 73% of all GFSs beachings since 2003. Analysis of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in dentin collagen from male GFSs was used in an attempt to distinguish animals from two possible locations of origin: the oceanic Guadalupe Island (GI) and the coastal San Benito Islands (SBI). Samples of conterminous and contemporary California sea lions (CSLs) were included as representative of coastal predators. Two distinct groups of GFSs were evident based on δ13C values: coastal GFSs with higher δ13C values than CSLs, and oceanic GFSs with lower δ13C values than CSLs. Significant temporal trends were observed in the δ15N values; values for oceanic GFSs and CSLs increased annually (0.082‰ and 0.089‰, respectively), while those for coastal GFS decreased annually by 0.183‰. The isotopic segregation of oceanic and coastal GFS males, presumably from GI and SBI respectively, has been present at least since the mid‐1990s. This segregation may be due to dissimilar ingestion of prey from oceanic vs. coastal origin prior to their seasonal co‐occurrence in the Gulf of Ulloa.
The Effect of Unfocused Direct and Indirect Written Corrective Feedback on Rewritten Texts and New Texts: Looking into Feedback for Accuracy and Feedback for Acquisition
Authors: NICOLÁS–CONESA FLORENTINA , MANCHÓN ROSA MARÍA , CEREZO LOURDES 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study attempts to add new empirical evidence on the language learning (operationalized and measured in terms of several dimensions of accuracy) that may derive from accessing and processing written corrective feedback (WCF) on one's own writing. The research questions examined potential interactions between type of WCF (direct vs. indirect), type of errors (grammar vs. nongrammar), and the perspective of feedback (accuracy vs. acquisition) in a single research design. To this end, 46 English majors at a Spanish university participated in a pretest–posttest design, with 2 intervention groups (those receiving direct or indirect WCF and asked to process it via written languaging) and a control group (who wrote and rewrote their texts without the help of WCF but also engaged in languaging). The analyses conducted show (a) limited appropriation of the WCF received, (b) positive short‐term and longer term benefits resulting from the combined effect of WCF and written languaging, and (c) differential effects of type of WCF on error types. These findings are discussed from the perspective of current theory and research on the manner in which WCF may contribute to language learning in terms of the dual distinction between feedback for accuracy and feedback for acquisition.