bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurocognition-inspired design with machine learning
Authors: Wang Pan , Wang Shuo , Peng Danlin , Chen Liuqing , Wu Chao , Wei Zhen , Childs Peter , Guo Yike , Li Ling 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGenerating designs via machine learning has been an on-going challenge in computer-aided design. Recently, deep learning methods have been applied to randomly generate images in fashion, furniture and product design. However, such deep generative methods usually require a large number of training images and human aspects are not taken into account in the design process. In this work, we seek a way to involve human cognitive factors through brain activity indicated by electroencephalographic measurements (EEG) in the generative process. We propose a neuroscience-inspired design with a machine learning method where EEG is used to capture preferred design features. Such signals are used as a condition in generative adversarial networks (GAN). First, we employ a recurrent neural network Long Short-Term Memory as an encoder to extract EEG features from raw EEG signals; this data are recorded from subjects viewing several categories of images from ImageNet. Second, we train a GAN model conditioned on the encoded EEG features to generate design images. Third, we use the model to generate design images from a subject’s EEG measured brain activity. To verify our proposed generative design method, we present a case study, in which the subjects imagine the products they prefer, and the corresponding EEG signals are recorded and reconstructed by our model for evaluation. The results indicate that a generated product image with preference EEG signals gains more preference than those generated without EEG signals. Overall, we propose a neuroscience-inspired artificial intelligence design method for generating a design taking into account human preference. The method could help improve communication between designers and clients where clients might not be able to express design requests clearly.
Symbolic dynamics for non-uniformly hyperbolic systems
Authors: LIMA YURI 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis survey describes the recent advances in the construction of Markov partitions for non-uniformly hyperbolic systems. One important feature of this development comes from a finer theory of non-uniformly hyperbolic systems, which we also describe. The Markov partition defines a symbolic extension that is finite-to-one and onto a non-uniformly hyperbolic locus, and this provides dynamical and statistical consequences such as estimates on the number of closed orbits and properties of equilibrium measures. The class of systems includes diffeomorphisms, flows, and maps with singularities.
Changes in the accuracy of administrative data for the detection of surgical site infections
Authors: Bucher Brian T. , Yang Meng , Arndorfer Julie , Frame Cherie , Orton Jan , Samore Matthew H. , Dascomb Kristin K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe performed a retrospective analysis of the changes in accuracy of International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification (ICD-CM) diagnosis codes for colectomy and hysterectomy surgical site infection surveillance. After the transition from ICD-CM ninth edition to tenth edition codes, there was no significant change in the accuracy of these codes for SSI surveillance.
New insights on the Early Pleistocene equids from Roca-Neyra (France, central Europe): implications for theHipparionLAD and theEquusFAD in Europe
Authors: Cirilli Omar , Bernor Raymond L. , Rook Lorenzo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe undertake a redescription of the equid sample from the Early Pleistocene of Roca-Neyra, France. This locality has been recently calibrated at the Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary (2.6 ± 0.2 Ma) and therefore it is of interest for the first appearance of the genusEquusand last appearance of hipparionine horses. The Roca-Neyra equid sample, re-analyzed herein using morphological, morphometrical, and statistical analyses, has revealed the co-occurrence ofPlesiohipparioncf. ?P.rocinantisandEquuscf.E.livenzovensis. The analysis undertaken on several European, African, and Asian “Hipparion” sensu lato species from late Miocene to Early Pleistocene has revealed different remnantHipparionlineages in the Plio-Pleistocene of Europe:Plesiohipparion,Proboscidippaion, and likelyCremohipparion. The discovery of the first European monodactyl horse,Equuscf.E.livenzovensiscorrelates Roca-Neyra with other 2.6 Ma European localities in Italy, Spain, and in the Khapry area (Azov Sea region). The morphological description of theEquuscf.E.livenzovensislower cheek teeth has highlighted intermediate features between the North American Pliocene speciesEquus simplicidensand Early Pleistocene EuropeanEquus stenonis. Our study supports the hypothesis thatE.livenzovensisis a plausible evolutionary predecessor for theEquus stenonisgroup. These observations underscore the importance of Roca-Neyra as an important locality for the last European hipparions and the firstEquusin the Early Pleistocene of Europe.
Arsenal of the Global South: Yugoslavia’s Military Aid to Nonaligned Countries and Liberation Movements
Authors: Lazic Milorad 
Published: December 2020

AbstractYugoslavia’s military internationalism was one of the most practical expressions of the country’s policy of nonalignment. Beginning with Algeria in the 1950s until its demise in the 1990s, Yugoslavia was an ardent supporter of liberation movements and revolutionary governments in Africa and Asia. This article argues that Yugoslav military internationalism was at the heart of Yugoslavia’s efforts to reshape the post-1945 global order and represented an extension of Yugoslav revolution abroad. Military aid was an expression of personal identification of Yugoslavia’s “greatest generation” with decolonization struggle. However, Yugoslav military aid to other countries went beyond a single foreign policy issue. Yugoslav military internationalism touched upon many other issues that included problems related to finances, economic development, the acquisition and transfer of military technology, relations with the superpowers, national security, ideology and politics, and prestige and status in global affairs. By the end of the 1970s, with the departure of the World War II generation and the looming economic crisis, Yugoslav military involvement in the Global South became increasingly driven by economic reasons. Former Yugoslav republics, after a short hiatus in the 1990s during the wars for Yugoslavia’s succession, are still present in the arms trade in the Global South.
A tale of two peoples: motivated reasoning in the aftermath of the Brexit Vote
Authors: Sorace Miriam , Hobolt Sara Binzer 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPartisanship is a powerful driver of economic perceptions. Yet we know less about whether other political divisions may lead to similar evaluative biases. In this paper, we explore how the salient divide between “Remainers” and “Leavers” in the UK in the aftermath of the Brexit referendum has given rise to biased economic perceptions. In line with the cognitive dissonance framework, we argue that salient non-partisan divisions can change economic perceptions by triggering processes of self- and in-group justification. Using both nationally-representative observational and experimental survey data, we demonstrate that the perceptions of the economy are shaped by the Brexit divide and that these biases are exacerbated when respondents are reminded of Brexit. These findings indicate that perceptual biases are not always rooted in partisanship, but can be triggered by other political divisions.
Characteristics associated with feeding organic foods during complementary feeding: the nationwide Étude Longitudinale Française depuis l’Enfance (ELFE) birth cohort
Authors: de Lauzon-Guillain Blandine , Gaudfernau Fleur , Camier Aurore , Davisse-Paturet Camille , Lioret Sandrine , Nicklaus Sophie , Charles Marie-Aline , Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOrganic food consumption and its effects on health remain understudied in adults and in children. The aim of this study was to describe family characteristics associated with feeding infants organic foods during the complementary feeding period. The analysis included 9764 children from the French Étude Longitudinale Française depuis l’Enfance (ELFE) birth cohort. In addition to telephone interviews conducted at 2, 12 and 24 months, a monthly questionnaire about milk feeding and complementary foods (including organic foods) was completed by parents between 3 and 10 months. Associations between family characteristics and feeding with organic foods during complementary feeding were analysed by multivariable multinomial logistic regression. Overall, 51 % of infants never consumed organic food during the complementary feeding period (up to 10 months), 24 % sometimes, 15 % often and 9 % always or almost always. As compared with infants never fed organic foods, those ‘often’ or ‘always’ fed organic foods were born to older mothers, with higher education level or family income, and lower pre-pregnancy BMI. As compared with never-smoking women, women who had stopped smoking before pregnancy were more likely to feed their infant organic foods. Feeding with organic foods was also related to long breast-feeding duration and later introduction to complementary foods. To conclude, associations between feeding with organic foods and family socio-economic position as well as infant feeding practices need to be considered when studying the impact of organic foods on children’s health and development.
Eclipse and plague: Themistocles, Pericles, Anaxagoras and the Athenians’ war on science
Authors: Janko Richard 
Published: December 2020

Abstract:The biography of Anaxagoras (500–428 BC), the most brilliant scientist of antiquity, contains many unresolved contradictions, which are best explained as follows. After he ‘predicted’ the fall of the meteorite at Aegospotami in 466, he lived nearby at Lampsacus as the protege of its ruler Themistocles. In 460 Pericles became his patron at Athens, where he lived for the next 30 years. In 431, Pericles was taking part in an expedition to the Peloponnese when the sun was eclipsed; he tried to dispel his helmsman’s fear by covering his face with his cloak, illustrating Anaxagoras’ correct account of eclipses. In 430 he led a second such expedition, which failed badly; its return coincided with the plague. The seer Diopeithes brought in a decree that targeted the ‘atheist’ Anaxagoras by banning astronomy. This enabled Thucydides son of Melesias and Cleon to attack Pericles by prosecuting Anaxagoras, on the ground that Pericles’ impiety had angered the gods, thereby causing the plague. Pericles sent Anaxagoras back to Lampsacus, where he soon died; Pericles was himself deposed and fined, in a first triumph for the Athenian populist reaction against the fifthcentury Enlightenment.
Perceptions of the informal learning branch of Musical Futures
Authors: Mariguddi Anna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article will explore how Professor Lucy Green’s model of informal learning, as advocated by Musical Futures, is perceived by those lying close to the phenomenon. Qualitative research was conducted and data collection involved semi-structured interviews with three key figures relating to the phenomenon. Case studies were then conducted in four English secondary schools, involving teachers and students. Data were analysed thematically. Overall key findings of the study will be presented and discussed: the phenomenon as a problem solver; adaptations and misconceptions; revolution within music education; and tensions of freedom versus authority and marketisation.
Effect of cyanocobalamin on oocyte maturation,in vitrofertilization, and embryo development in mice
Authors: Rostami Tamana , Fathi Fardin , Assadollahi Vahideh , Hosseini Javad , Khadem Erfan Mohamad Bagher , Rashidi Asrin , Amiri Golzar , Banafshi Omid , Alasvand Masoud 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cyanocobalamin supplementation onin vitromaturation (IVM),in vitrofertilization (IVF), and subsequent embryonic development competence to the blastocyst stage, andin vitrodevelopment of mouse 2-cell embryos. Cumulus cells were prepared from mouse cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) and incubated for 24 h in anin vitroculture (IVC) medium that contained different concentrations of cyanocobalamin (100, 200, 300 or 500 pM). We collected 2-cell embryos from superovulated NMRI mice and cultured them in the same concentrations of cyanocobalamin (100, 200, 300 or 500 pM). After 42 h of IVM, we observed significantly increased oocyte maturation in the 200 pM cyanocobalamin-treated group compared with the control group (P< 0.0001). Mature oocytes cultured in 200 pM cyanocobalamin were fertilized and cultured in IVC medium with cyanocobalamin (100, 200, 300 or 500 pM) during early embryogenesis. The matured oocytes that were cultured in 200 pM cyanocobalamin had significantly higher 2-cell development rates compared with the control oocytes (P< 0.01). Embryos obtained fromin vitromature oocytes andin vivofertilized oocytes that were cultured in 200 pM cyanocobalamin had significantly greater frequencies of development to the blastocyst stage and a significant reduction in 2-cell blocked and degenerated embryos compared with the control embryos (P< 0.0001). Embryos derived from oocytes fertilizedin vivowith 200 pM cyanocobalamin had a higher percentage of blastocyst embryos compared with those derived from matured oocytes culturedin vitro(P< 0.0001). These finding demonstrated that the effects of cyanocobalamin on oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development in mice depend on the concentration used in IVC medium.
The 1373Mas̲navīof Tāj al-Dīn Shaykh Ḥusayn Bey
Authors: JACKSON CAILAH 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe fourteenth century saw the production of innumerable Islamic manuscripts, many of which were extensively and expertly illuminated. The period is well-studied, in particular, the products of the ateliers of Baghdad, Tabriz, Shiraz and Cairo. This article concerns a manuscript from a less well-known production centre, namely that of Erzincan. This manuscript is a copy of Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī'sMas̲navīproduced in 774/1373. Although discussed briefly in previous scholarship (and attributed to Erzincan), there is much more to say about this skilfully and extensively illuminated manuscript. This article examines the manuscript's text, codicology, illuminations, inscriptions and wider historical context. In doing so, it substantiates the manuscript's connection to Erzincan and adds to the growing body of literature concerning the arts of the book of thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Rūm.
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: insights into developmental programming and its consequences for aging
Authors: Clarke G.D. , Li J. , Kuo A.H. , Moody A.J. , Nathanielsz P.W. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVD) are important consequences of adverse perinatal conditions such as fetal hypoxia and maternal malnutrition. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) can produce a wealth of physiological information related to the development of the heart. This review outlines the current state of CMR technologies and describes the physiological biomarkers that can be measured. These phenotypes include impaired ventricular and atrial function, maladaptive ventricular remodeling, and the proliferation of myocardial steatosis and fibrosis. The discussion outlines the applications of CMR to understanding the developmental pathways leading to impaired cardiac function. The use of CMR, both in animal models of developmental programming and in human studies, is described. Specific examples are given in a baboon model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). CMR offers great potential as a tool for understanding the sequence of dysfunctional adaptations of developmental origin that can affect the human cardiovascular system.
The Hidden Costs of Land Degradation in US Maize Agriculture
Authors: Jang W. S. , Neff J. C. , Im Y. , Doro L. , Herrick J. E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe United States is a world leader in the production of maize and other crops and the agricultural success of the country is directly linked to the intensive use of fertilizers and irrigation. However, even in advanced agricultural systems, soils can become degraded over time due to factors such as soil organic matter (SOM) loss and erosion. Here, we use a series of scenario‐based model analyses to show that about one‐third of current annual US. N fertilizer use in maize agriculture is used to compensate for the long‐term loss of soil fertility through erosion and organic matter loss. This leads to over a half billion dollars per year in extra fertilizer supply costs to US farmers. These results highlight the potential to reduce both the input costs and environmental impacts of agriculture through the restoration of SOM in agricultural soils.
Co‐location of the Downdip End of Seismic Coupling and the Continental Shelf Break
Authors: Malatesta Luca C. , Bruhat Lucile , Finnegan Noah J. , Olive Jean‐Arthur L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlong subduction margins, the morphology of the near shore domain records the combined action of erosion from ocean waves and permanent tectonic deformation from the convergence of plates. We observe that at subduction margins around the globe, the edge of continental shelves tends to be located above the downdip end of seismic coupling on the megathrust. Coastlines lie farther landward at variable distances. This observation stems from a compilation of well‐resolved coseismic and interseismic coupling data sets. The permanent interseismic uplift component of the total tectonic deformation can explain the localization of the shelf break. It contributes a short wave‐length gradient in vertical deformation on top of the structural and isostatic deformation of the margin. This places a hinge line between seaward subsidence and landward uplift above the downdip end of high coupling. Landward of the hinge line, rocks are uplifted in the domain of wave‐base erosion and a shelf is maintained by the competition of rock uplift and wave erosion. Wave erosion then sets the coastline back from the tectonically meaningful shelf break. We combine a wave erosion model with an elastic deformation model to illustrate how the downdip end of high coupling pins the location of the shelf break. In areas where the shelf is wide, onshore geodetic constraints on seismic coupling are limited and could be advantageously complemented by considering the location of the shelf break. Subduction margin morphology integrates hundreds of seismic cycles and could inform the persistence of seismic coupling patterns through time.
Multichannel acoustic source and image dataset for the cocktail party effect in hearing aid and implant users
Authors: Fischer Tim , Caversaccio Marco , Wimmer Wilhelm 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Cocktail Party Effect refers to the ability of the human sense of hearing to extract a specific target sound source from a mixture of background noises in complex acoustic scenarios. The ease with which normal hearing people perform this challenging task is in stark contrast to the difficulties that hearing-impaired subjects face in these situations. To help patients with hearing aids and implants, scientists are trying to imitate this ability of human hearing, with modest success so far. To support the scientific community in its efforts, we provide the Bern Cocktail Party (BCP) dataset consisting of 55938 Cocktail Party scenarios recorded from 20 people and a head and torso simulator wearing cochlear implant audio processors. The data were collected in an acoustic chamber with 16 synchronized microphones placed at purposeful positions on the participants’ heads. In addition to the multi-channel audio source and image recordings, the spatial coordinates of the microphone positions were digitized for each participant. Python scripts were provided to facilitate data processing.
Infectious and non-infectious diseases burden among Haitian immigrants in Chile: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Fuster Francisco , Peirano Felipe , Vargas José Ignacio , Zamora Francisco Xavier , López-Lastra Marcelo , Núñez Ruth , Soza Jacinta , González Katherine , Estay Denisse , Barchiesi Beatrice , Fuster Antonieta , López Ignacia , Utrera Nicolás , Landeros Jorge , Chandía Javiera , Paredes Angela , Reyes Daniela , Arias Rodrigo , Padilla Luis , Suárez Hernán , Farcas Katia , Cannistra Macarena , Muñoz Geraldine , Rodríguez Ignacio , Ormazábal Ivana , Cortés Josefina , Cornejo Bárbara , Manzur Franco , Reyes Antonia , Leiva Vicente , Raimann María Victoria , Arrau Catalina , Cox Valentina , Soza Alejandro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractChile has become a popular destination for migrants from South America and the Caribbean (low- and middle-income countries migration). Close to 200.000 Haitian migrants have arrived in Chile. Infectious and non-infectious disease burden among the Haitian adult population living in Chile is unknown. This study aimed to acquire the basic health information (selected transmissible and non-transmissible conditions) of the Haitian adult population living in Chile. A cross-sectional survey was performed, inviting Haitian-born residents in Chile older than 18 years old. Common conditions and risk factors for disease were assessed, as well as selected transmissible conditions (HIV, HBV, and HCV). 498 participants (60.4% female) from 10 communities in two regions of Chile were surveyed. Most subjects had never smoked (91.5%), and 80% drank less than one alcohol unit per month. The mean BMI was 25.6, with 45% of participants having a normal BMI (20–25). Hypertension was present in 31.5% (33% in the 25–44 age group). Prevalence of HIV was 2.4% (95 CI 1.3–4.2%), hepatitis B (HBsAg positive) was 3.4% (95 CI 2.1–5.5%), and hepatitis C was 0% (95 CI 0.0–0.9%). Quality of life showed a significant prevalence of depression and anxiety markers, particularly in those arriving in Chile less than 1 year ago. Low prevalence of obesity, diabetes, smoking, and drinking and estimated cardiovascular risk were found. Nonetheless, hypertension at a younger age, disproportionately higher prevalence of HIV and HBV infection and frequent markers of anxiety and depression were also found. Public policies for detecting and treating hypertension, HIV, and HBV screening, offering HBV vaccination, and organizing mental health programs for Haitian immigrants, are urgently needed.