bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Broad proteomic screen reveals shared serum proteomic signature in patients with psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis without arthritis
Authors: Leijten Emmerik , Tao Weiyang , Pouw Juliette , van Kempen Tessa , Olde Nordkamp Michel , Balak Deepak , Tekstra J , Muñoz-Elías Ernesto , DePrimo Samuel , Drylewicz Julia , Pandit Aridaman , Boes Marianne , Radstake Timothy 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objective
To identify novel serum proteins involved in the pathogenesis of PsA as compared with healthy controls, psoriasis (Pso) and AS, and to explore which proteins best correlated to major clinical features of the disease.

Methods
A high-throughput serum biomarker platform (Olink) was used to assess the level of 951 unique proteins in serum of patients with PsA (n = 20), Pso (n = 18) and AS (n = 19), as well as healthy controls (HC, n = 20). Pso and PsA were matched for Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and other clinical parameters.

Results
We found 68 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in PsA as compared with HC. Of those DEPs, 48 proteins (71%) were also dysregulated in Pso and/or AS. Strikingly, there were no DEPs when comparing PsA with Pso directly. On the contrary, hierarchical cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling revealed that HC clustered distinctly from all patients, and that PsA and Pso grouped together. The number of swollen joints had the strongest positive correlation to ICAM-1 (r = 0.81, P &lt; 0.001) and CCL18 (0.76, P &lt; 0.001). PASI score was best correlated to PI3 (r = 0.54, P &lt; 0.001) and IL-17 receptor A (r = –0.51, P &lt; 0.01). There were more proteins correlated to PASI score when analysing Pso and PsA patients separately, as compared with analysing Pso and PsA patients pooled together.

Conclusion
PsA and Pso patients share a serum proteomic signature, which supports the concept of a single psoriatic spectrum of disease. Future studies should target skin and synovial tissues to uncover differences in local factors driving arthritis development in Pso.
Clinical features of IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis among 407 patients with IgG4-related disease: a retrospective study
Authors: Liu Yanying , Zhu Lijuan , Wang Zhenfan , Zeng Qiaozhu , Yang Fei , Gao Jingyuan , Wang Ziqiao , Wang Kunkun , Ren Limin , Zhang Yanyan , Zhang Shanshan , Wang Yi , Shen Danhua , Xia Changsheng , Yu Guangyan , Li Zhanguo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objectives
IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is recently recognized as a fibro-inflammatory condition featured by tumefactive lesions in multiple organs, and the retroperitoneum is one of the common involved sites. We undertook this study to compare detailed demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of IgG4-RD patients with retroperitoneum lesion (IgG4-RD RPF+) and retroperitoneum free IgG4-RD (IgG4-RD RPF−) in a large cohort.

Methods
We carried out a retrospective review of the medical records of 407 cases of IgG4-RD diagnosed at Peking University People’s Hospital between March 2009 and May 2019.

Results
Among 407 patients, 58 had retroperitoneum affected. As compared with IgG4-RD RPF− patients, IgG4-RD RPF+ patients showed older age at disease onset and diagnosis. IgG4-RD RPF+ group involved more male patients. In terms of organ involvement, IgG4-RD RPF+ group was more frequently presented with kidney involvement, while salivary gland, lacrimal gland and pancreas were more prominent in the IgG4-RD RPF− group. In addition, the CRP, ESR level and creatinine level were significantly higher in IgG4-RD RPF+ patients, and hypocomplementemia were more common in this group.

Conclusion
We have revealed demographic, clinical and laboratory differences between IgG4-RD RPF+ and RPF− patients, which indicated potential differences in pathogenesis and important implications for the diagnosis and management of these two phenotypes.
Effects of HF-rTMS over the left and right DLPFC on proactive and reactive cognitive control
Authors: Pulopulos Matias M , Allaert Jens , Vanderhasselt Marie-Anne , Sanchez-Lopez Alvaro , De Witte Sara , Baeken Chris , De Raedt Rudi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Previous research supports the distinction between proactive and reactive control. Although the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been consistently related to these processes, lateralization of proactive and reactive control is still under debate. We manipulated brain activity to investigate the role of the left and right DLPFC in proactive and reactive cognitive control. Using a single-blind, sham-controlled crossover within-subjects design, 25 young healthy females performed the ‘AX’ Continuous Performance Task after receiving sham vs active high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) to increase left and right DLPFC activity. Reaction times (RTs) and pupillometry were used to assess patterns of proactive and reactive cognitive control and task-related resource allocation, respectively. We observed that, compared to sham, HF-rTMS over the left DLPFC increased proactive control. After right DLPFC HF-rTMS, participants showed slower RTs on AX trials, suggesting more reactive control. However, this latter result was not supported by RTs on BX trials (i.e. the trial that specifically assess reactive control). Pupil measures showed a sustained increase in resource allocation after both active left and right HF-rTMS. Our results with RT data provide evidence on the role of the left DLPFC in proactive control and suggest that the right DLPFC is implicated in reactive control.
Gendered Logics of Biomedical Research: Women in U.S. Phase I Clinical Trials
Authors: Cottingham Marci D , Fisher Jill A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Despite the importance of including diverse populations in biomedical research, women remain underrepresented as healthy volunteers in the testing of investigational drugs in Phase I trials. Contributing significantly to this are restrictions that pharmaceutical companies place on the participation of women of so-called childbearing potential. These restrictions have far-reaching effects on biomedical science and public health. Using 191 interviews collected over three years, this article explores the experiences of 47 women who navigate restrictions on their participation in U.S. Phase I trials. Women in this context face a number of contradictory criteria when trying to enroll, which can curtail their participation, justify additional surveillance, and deny pregnant women reproductive agency. The pharmaceutical industry’s putative protections for hypothetical fetuses exacerbate inequalities and attenuate a thorough investigation of the safety of their drugs for public consumption. We use the framework of “anticipatory motherhood” within a gendered organizations approach to make sense of women’s experiences in this context.
Arterial and Venous Cerebral Blood Flow Velocities and Their Correlation in Healthy Volunteers and Traumatic Brain Injury Patients
Authors: Cardim Danilo , Czosnyka Marek , Chandrapatham Karthikka , Badenes Rafael , Bertuccio Alessandro , Corradi Francesco , Donnelly Joseph , Pelosi Paolo , Hutchinson Peter J. , Robba Chiara 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Few studies have explored the cerebral venous compartment or the correlation between venous and arterial cerebral blood flows. We aimed to correlate cerebral blood flow velocities in the arterial (middle cerebral artery) and venous (straight sinus) compartments in healthy volunteers and traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. In addition, we determined the normative range of these parameters.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 122 healthy volunteers and 95 severe TBI patients of both sexes were included and stratified into 3 age groups as follows: group 1 (aged, 18 to 44 y); group 2 (aged, 45 to 64 y); group 3 (older than 65 y). Transcranial Doppler systolic cerebral blood flow velocity, diastolic cerebral blood flow velocity, and mean cerebral blood flow velocity (FVs, FVd, FVm, respectively) were measured in the middle cerebral artery and peak cerebral venous blood flow velocity (FVVs) was measured in the straight sinus. The arteriovenous correlation was assessed on the basis of a positive relationship between FVs and FVVs.

Results:
There was an arteriovenous correlation (FVs vs. FVVs) in healthy volunteers (R=0.39, P<0.0001). We found no arteriovenous correlation in the TBI cohort overall, but FVs and FVVs were correlated in age group 1 (R=0.28, P=0.05) and in males (R=0.29, P=0.01). In healthy volunteers, FVs and FVm were significantly higher in males compared with females; and FVs, FVm, FVd, FVVs all increased across the age spectrum. There were no significant differences in any of these parameters in TBI patients.

Conclusions:
There are age and sex differences in arterial and venous cerebral blood flow velocities in healthy volunteers. Arteriovenous correlation is present in healthy volunteers but absent in TBI patients.
Medial Epicondyle Fractures: Biomechanical Evaluation and Clinical Comparison of 3 Fixation Methods Used in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Rickert Kathleen D. , Sarrel Kara L. , Sanders Julia S. , Jeffords Megan E. , Hughes Jessica L. , Upasani Vidyadhar V. , Farnsworth Christine L. , Edmonds Eric W. , Pennock Andrew T. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Screw fixation is the most commonly employed fixation strategy for displaced medial epicondyle fractures, but in younger patients with minimal ossification, the fracture fragment may not accommodate a screw. In these situations, Kirschner-wires (K-wire) or suture anchors may be utilized as alternatives. The purposes of this study were to examine the biomechanical properties of medial epicondyle fractures fixed with a screw, K-wires, or suture anchors, to evaluate clinical outcomes and complications of patients 10 years of age or younger treated with these approaches, and to perform a cost-analysis.

Methods:
Biomechanical assessment: Immature pig forelimbs underwent an osteotomy through the medial epicondyle apophysis, simulating a fracture. These were then fixed with a screw, K-wires or suture anchors. Cyclic elongation (mm), displacement (mm), load to failure (N), and stiffness (N/mm) were assessed. Clinical assessment: a retrospective review was performed of patients 10 years of age or younger with a medial epicondyle fracture fixed with these strategies. Radiographic outcomes, postoperative data and complications were compared. These data were used to perform a cost-analysis of each treatment approach.

Results:
Biomechanically, screws were stronger (P=0.047) and stiffer (P=0.01) than the other constructs. Clinically, 51 patients met inclusion criteria (screw=27, wires=11, anchor=13). Patients treated with K-wires were younger (P<0.05) and patients treated with screw fixation had a shorter casting duration (P=0.008). Irrespective of treatment strategy, all fractures healed (100%) and only 1 patient in the screw group lost reduction. Clinical outcomes and complications were similar between groups, but the suture anchor group was less likely to require a second surgery for implant removal (P<0.05). This lower reoperation rate led to a cost-saving of 10%.

Conclusions:
Biomechanically, all 3 approaches provided initial fixation exceeding the forces observed across the elbow joint with routine motion. The screw construct was the strongest and stiffest. Clinically, all 3 strategies were acceptable, with screw fixation offering a shorter casting duration, but greater implant removal need with higher associated costs.
Corticosteroid Administration Is Associated With Improved Outcome in Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2-Related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Chopra Amit , Chieng Hau C. , Austin Adam , Tiwari Anupama , Mehta Swati , Nautiyal Amit , Al-Tarbsheh Ali Hani , Jain Esha , Feustel Paul J. , Shkolnik Boris , Jaitovich Ariel 
Published: June 2020

Objectives:
To compare the clinical outcome of mechanically ventilated patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related acute respiratory distress syndrome, who received corticosteroid with those who did not.

Design:
Retrospective analysis.

Setting:
Intensive care setting.

Patients:
All adult mechanically ventilated patients, who were admitted to the ICU between March 20, 2020, and May 10, 2020, for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Cohort was divided into two groups based on corticosteroid administration. The primary outcome variable was ventilator-free days at day 28. Secondary outcome variable was ICU-free days at day 30, and hospital-free days at day 30. Consecutive 61 mechanically ventilated patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related acute respiratory distress syndrome were analyzed. Patient in corticosteroid group as compared with noncorticosteroid group have higher 28-day ventilator-free days (mean, 10.2; median, 7 [interquartile range, 0–22.3] vs mean, 4.7; median, 0 [interquartile range, 0–11]; p = 0.01).There was no significant difference noted in secondary outcomes (ICU-free days at day 30 and hospital-free days at day 30).

Conclusions:
Among mechanically ventilated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-related acute respiratory distress syndrome patients, corticosteroids use was associated with significant improvement in 28-day ventilator-free days at day 28, but no significant improvement in ICU-free days at day 30, and hospital-free days at day 30.
Intervention study of the effect of insulation retrofitting on home blood pressure in winter: a nationwide Smart Wellness Housing survey
Authors: Umishio Wataru , Ikaga Toshiharu , Kario Kazuomi , Fujino Yoshihisa , Hoshi Tanji , Ando Shintaro , Suzuki Masaru , Yoshimura Takesumi , Yoshino Hiroshi , Murakami Shuzo 
Published: June 2020

Objective:
The WHO's Housing and health guidelines (2018) listed ‘low indoor temperatures and insulation’ as one of five priority areas, and indicated insulation retrofitting to help mitigate the effect of low indoor temperatures on health. However, there is still not enough evidence for the effect of insulation retrofitting based on an objective index.

Methods:
We conducted a nonrandomized controlled trial comparing home blood pressure (HBP) between insulation retrofitting (942 households and 1578 participants) and noninsulation retrofitting groups (67 households and 107 participants). HBP and indoor temperature were measured for 2 weeks before and after the intervention in winter. To examine the influence of insulation retrofitting on HBP, we used multiple linear regression analysis.

Results:
The analyses showed that indoor temperature in the morning rose by 1.4°C after insulation retrofitting, despite a slight decrease in outdoor temperature by 0.2°C. Insulation retrofitting significantly reduced morning home SBP (HSBP) by 3.1 mmHg [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.5–4.6], morning home DBP (HDBP) by 2.1 mmHg (95% CI: 1.1–3.2), evening HSBP by 1.8 mmHg (95% CI: 0.2–3.4) and evening HDBP by 1.5 mmHg (95% CI: 0.4–2.6). In addition, there was a dose–response relationship between indoor temperature and HBP, indicating the effectiveness of a significant improvement in the indoor thermal environment. Furthermore, there was heterogeneity in the effect of insulation retrofitting on morning HSBP in hypertensive patients compared with normotensive occupants (–7.7 versus –2.2 mmHg, P for interaction = 0.043).

Conclusion:
Insulation retrofitting significantly reduced HBP and was more beneficial for reducing the morning HSBP of hypertensive patients.
iStent Inject (Second-generation Trabecular Microbypass) Versus Nonpenetrating Deep Sclerectomy in Association With Phacoemulsification for the Surgical Treatment of Open-angle Glaucoma and Cataracts: 1-Year Results
Authors: Paletta Guedes Ricardo A. , Gravina Daniela M. , Paletta Guedes Vanessa M. , Chaoubah Alfredo 
Published: June 2020

Precis:
Both nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS) and iStent inject are safe and effective when combined with phacoemulsification. The NPDS group presented lower final intraocular pressure (IOP); however, more postoperative intervention and longer recovery time was required.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to assess the 1-year efficacy and safety of second-generation trabecular microbypass stent implantation (iStent inject) versus NPDS in association with phacoemulsification (Phaco) for the concomitant surgical treatment of open-angle glaucoma and cataracts.

Materials and Methods:
This was a single-center longitudinal retrospective comparative study of eyes treated with Phaco-NPDS, with adjunctive use of collagen matrix implant and mitomycin C (group 1), or Phaco-iStent inject (group 2). The main outcome measures were success rates [absolute success: proportion of eyes with IOP<18 mm Hg without any glaucoma medication; relative success: proportion of eyes achieving different target IOPs (<18; <15; and <12 mm Hg) with or without medication]; mean reduction (%) in IOP and medication use; number of postoperative reinterventions (goniopuncture, needling, and reoperation); and number of complications.

Results:
The mean age (y) was 69.3 in group 1 and 72.7 in group 2. Groups 1 (n=51) and 2 (n=32) achieved absolute success rates of 74.5% and 81.3%, respectively (P=0.333). Concerning relative success rates, no significant difference was found for IOP<18 mm Hg or an IOP<15 mm Hg between the 2 groups. However, significantly more eyes achieved an IOP <12 mm Hg in the Phaco-NPDS group. The mean percentage of IOP reduction from baseline to the end of follow-up was also statistically higher in group 1 (39.9% vs. 24.5%). Both groups achieved similar results in the mean reduction of medications per eye. No significant complications were found in either group, but patients in group 1 required more postoperative intervention than group 2.

Conclusions:
Both techniques are safe and effective for the concomitant surgical treatment of open-angle glaucoma and cataracts and presented comparable relative success rates at different target IOP levels (<18 and <15 mm Hg). A larger proportion of patients in group 1 achieved a target IOP <12 mm Hg; however, more postoperative intervention was required.
Immune Response to Vaccination in Children and Young People With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Dembiński Łukasz , Dziekiewicz Marcin , Banaszkiewicz Aleksandra 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTObjectives:The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to assess immune response to vaccination in children and young people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In patients with IBDs, both the disease itself and its treatment can affect the vaccine response.Methods:Medical databases were searched for relevant studies and statistical analysis was performed. As a result, 20 publications were included in the study, 9 of which met the criteria for the meta‐analysis.Results:The immune response to vaccination was better in healthy subjects (odds ratio = 0.73, 95% confidence interval = 0.45–1.17) and patients without immunosuppressive treatment (odds ratio = 0.65, 95% confidence interval = 0.41–1.03), but did not reach statistical significance.Conclusions:Immunogenicity of vaccinations in children and young people with IBD is not significantly lower than it is in healthy ones. Immune response to vaccination in this group of patients is also not significantly lower in patients on immunosuppressive therapy than in those without it.
Integrative Review of Gut Microbiota and Expression of Symptoms Associated With Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: Sealschott Stephanie D. , Pickler Rita H. , Fortney Christine A. , Bailey Michael T. 
Published: June 2020

Background
Neonatal exposure and subsequent withdrawal from maternal substance use disorder are a growing problem and consequence of the current opioid epidemic. Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is defined by a specified cluster of symptoms with treatment guided by the expression and severity of these symptoms. The mechanisms or pathophysiology contributing to the development of NAS symptoms are not well known, but one factor that may influence NAS symptoms is the gut microbiota.

Objectives
The purpose of this integrative review was to examine evidence that might show if and how the gut microbiota influence expression and severity of symptoms similar to those seen in NAS.

Methods
Using published guidelines, a review of research studies that focused on the gut microbiome and symptoms similar to those seen in NAS was conducted, using the Cochrane, EMBASE, and Scopus databases, from 2009 through 2019.

Results
The review results included findings of aberrant microbial diversity, differences in microbial communities between study groups, and associations between specific taxa and symptoms. In studies involving interventions, there were reports of improved microbial diversity, community structure, and symptoms.

Discussion
The review findings provide evidence that the gut microbiota may play a role in modifying variability in the expression and severity of symptoms associated with NAS. Future research should focus on examining the gut microbiota in infants with and without the syndrome as well as exploring the relationship between symptom expression and aberrant gut microbiota colonization in infants with NAS.
The FreeStyle Libre flash glucose monitoring system: how it has improved glycaemic control for people with type 1 diabetes in Eastern Cheshire, UK
Authors: Yadegarfar Ghasem , Anderson Simon G. , Khawaja Zohaib , Cortes Gabriela , Leivesley Kathryn , Metters Ann , Horne Linda , Steele Tom , Heald Adrian H. 
Published: June 2020

Introduction
Many people with type 1 diabetes continue to run high HbA1c levels with associated elevated risk of cardiovascular events and increased mortality. We describe here how use of the FreeStyle Libre flash monitor has improved the glycaemic control of many people with type 1 diabetes where the new technology has been intensively deployed.

Methods
We report the outcomes of 92 consecutive adults (18 years of age or more) with type 1 diabetes who have begun using the FreeStyle Libre flash glucose monitor in East Cheshire, UK. Initiation was with education and support from one of the diabetes specialist nurses. An HbA1c of 60 mmol/mol (7.6%) was taken as the threshold for suboptimal glycaemic control.

Results
The mean cohort age was 43 years for men and 39 years for women (overall range 17–83 years). In 92 consecutive users, HbA1c decreased by an average of 10.7 mmol/mol (0.98%) after 3 months, and by 16.1 mmol/mol (1.47%) after 6 months. There was also a narrowing of the distribution of HbA1c, with many fewer people running high HbA1c ≥80 mmol/mol (9.5%). After the 6-month follow-up, two 2/92 users did not wish to continue with the monitoring.

Conclusion
Flash glucose monitoring has great potential for the management of type 1 diabetes in the adult population and improving metabolic control/quality of life for people across the world. The technology provides significantly more data than the intermittent results obtained by traditional subcutaneous blood glucose monitoring, which may not capture intervals of extreme variability or nocturnal events.