bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spoiled milk: A Chinese mother’s struggle and the rebuilding of trust in state dairy enterprises
Authors: Wang Yuli , Steckler Erica , Hoffman W. Michael 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent research has highlighted the importance of cultivating the ethical climate of a firm with implications for ethical decision making and consumer confidence. However, there are important lessons still to be gleaned from firms responsible for generating ethical failures. Based on a case study of the Sanlu melamine milk powder scandal in China, this article analyzes the key factors that have affected consumer confidence in Sanlu and highlights main reasons for Chinese consumers’ continued distrust of state dairy enterprises. We explore the causes of business distrust in the Sanlu case from the perspective of Chinese product consumers. We further recommend solutions to repair a crisis of consumer confidence and trust in the domestic dairy industry by considering these stakeholders’ perspectives.
Parent‐reported socioemotional and cognitive development in children with a cleft lip and/or palate at 18 months: Findings from a UK birth cohort
Authors: Costa Bruna , White Paul , Kiff James D. , Davies Amy , Stock Nicola M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundOne of the most common congenital conditions in the world, cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) has been shown to potentially impact long‐term physical and developmental outcomes in affected children. However, little is known about the factors that contribute to such outcomes, and there is a lack of consensus about which screening tools may be most effective. The aims of the current study were (a) to assess parent‐reported socioemotional and cognitive development in children born with CL/P at 18 months of age; (b) to identify factors associated with the incidence of developmental concerns; and (c) to assess the utility of the widely recommended Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQs) in identifying developmental concerns from an early age in the CL/P population.MethodsParent‐reported questionnaire data were extracted from The Cleft Collective Cohort Study for 322 mothers of children with CL/P aged 18 months.ResultsMean scores across both ASQ measures indicated typical development in the study sample overall. However, 31.1% of children met a referral criterion on at least one domain. Child‐related risk factors included problems with physical development and feeding method. Parent‐related risk factors included the mother's levels of anxiety and depression and mother's marital status. Additional developmental concerns extracted from mothers' qualitative data included feeding difficulties, speech development, sleep patterns, aggressive behaviours, vision, oral health, hearing, breathing and motor skills.ConclusionsThe majority of children in this study were developing as expected at 18 months of age. However, parent‐reported developmental concerns were identified in a minority of children, suggesting a need to screen for potential risk factors in routine practice. Further, the ASQ appears to offer a viable option in the early identification of developmental concerns in children with CL/P. A combined medical and systemic approach to healthcare is recommended to support the prevention of long‐term developmental concerns in the child and poor psychological adjustment in parents.
Type I interferon regulates cytokine-delayed neutrophil apoptosis, reactive oxygen species production and chemokine expression
Authors: Glennon-Alty L , Moots R J , Edwards S W , Wright H L 
Published: September 2020

Summary
Interferons (IFNs) are key regulators of a number of inflammatory conditions in which neutrophils play an important role in pathology, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), where type I IFNs are implicated in disease pathology. However, IFNs are usually generated in vivo together with other cytokines that also have immunoregulatory functions, but such interactions are poorly defined experimentally. We measured the effects of type I (IFN-α) IFN, elevated in both RA and SLE, on the functions of healthy neutrophils incubated in vitro in the absence and presence of proinflammatory cytokines typically elevated in inflammatory diseases [tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α), granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)]. IFN-α alone had no effect on neutrophil apoptosis; however, it abrogated the anti-apoptotic effect of GM-CSF (18 h, P &lt; 0·01). The enhanced stability of the anti-apoptotic protein myeloid cell leukaemia 1 (Mcl-1) and delayed activation of caspase activation normally regulated by GM-CSF were blocked by IFN-α: this effect was mediated, in part, by activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). IFN-α alone also primed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and maintained the transient priming effect of TNF-α for up to 4 h: it also down-regulated GM-CSF- and TNF-α-activated expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)1, CXCL2, CXCL3, CXCL8, CCL3 and CCL4 but, in contrast, increased the expression of CXCL10. These novel data identify complex regulatory signalling networks in which type I IFNs profoundly alter the response of neutrophils to inflammatory cytokines. This is likely to have important consequences in vivo and may explain the complexity and heterogeneity of inflammatory diseases such as RA, in which multiple cytokine cascades have been activated.
Polycaprolactone primers with zinc oxide and silicon dioxide nanoparticles for paper substrates: Influence on the properties of cyan and magenta offset prints
Authors: Hudika Tomislav , Tomašegović Tamara , Cigula Tomislav , Prša Marija 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this research study, the applicability of polycaprolactone‐silicon dioxide and polycaprolactone‐zinc oxide coatings used as primers on papers for offset printing, was analysed. Polycaprolactone nanocomposites with different concentrations of nanoparticles were prepared and coated onto three types of papers: uncoated, low‐coated and gloss. The main aim was to analyse the influence of the nanoparticle concentration in primer on the optical and colorimetric properties of cyan and magenta offset printed samples. To further evaluate the applicability of the primers, the tensile strength of primed samples and their surface properties were analysed. Results show that prepared primers are primarily applicable on uncoated and low coated papers. Both nanoparticles in specific concentrations increased gloss values for printed samples on low‐coated paper, and the addition of both types of nanoparticles increased the rub resistance of printed samples. Furthermore, for each type of nanoparticle, the optimal concentration at which the colour deviation on print was minimised could be defined. Adding nanoparticles to primers did not significantly improve mottling on cyan‐printed samples. However, by increasing the concentration of nanoparticles in the primer by up to 1%, the mottling on magenta‐printed samples decreased.
COVID‐19 and Immunological Dysregulation: Can Autoantibodies be Useful?
Authors: Pascolini Simona , Vannini Antonio , Deleonardi Gaia , Ciordinik Michele , Sensoli Annamaria , Carletti Ilaria , Veronesi Lorenza , Ricci Chiara , Pronesti Alessia , Mazzanti Laura , Grondona Ana , Silvestri Tania , Zanuso Stefano , Mazzolini Marcello , Lalanne Claudine , Quarneti Chiara , Fusconi Marco , Giostra Fabrizio , Granito Alessandro , Muratori Luigi , Lenzi Marco , Muratori Paolo 
Published: September 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is often associated with interstitial pneumonia. However, there is insufficient knowledge on the presence of autoimmune serological markers in patients with COVID‐19. We analyzed the presence and role of autoantibodies in patients with COVID‐19‐associated pneumonia. We prospectively studied 33 consecutive patients with COVID‐19, 31 (94%) of whom had interstitial pneumonia, and 25 age‐matched and sex‐matched patients with fever and/or pneumonia with etiologies other than COVID‐19 as the pathological control group. All patients were tested for the presence of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), anti‐antiphospholipid antibodies, and anti‐cytoplasmic neutrophil antibodies (ANCAs). Clinical, biochemical, and radiological parameters were also collected. Fifteen of 33 patients (45%) tested positive for at least one autoantibody, including 11 who tested positive for ANAs (33%), 8 who tested positive for anti‐cardiolipin antibodies (immunoglobulin (Ig)G and/or IgM; 24%), and 3 who tested positive for anti‐β2‐glycoprotein antibodies (IgG and/or IgM; 9%). ANCA reactivity was not detected in any patient. Patients that tested positive for auto‐antibodies had a significantly more severe prognosis than other patients did: 6 of 15 patients (40%) with auto‐antibodies died due to COVID‐19 complications during hospitalization, whereas only 1 of 18 patients (5.5%) who did not have auto‐antibodies died (P = 0.03). Patients with poor prognosis (death due to COVID‐19 complications) had a significantly higher respiratory rate at admission (23 breaths per minute vs. 17 breaths per minute;P = 0.03) and a higher frequency of auto‐antibodies (86% vs. 27%;P = 0.008). In conclusion, auto‐antibodies are frequently detected in patients with COVID‐19 possibly reflecting a pathogenetic role of immune dysregulation. However, given the small number of patients, the association of auto‐antibodies with an unfavorable prognosis requires further multicenter studies.
Clear cell acanthoma
Authors: Wagner Gunnar , Back Walter , Sachse Michael Max 
Published: September 2020

SummaryClear cell acanthoma is a rarely diagnosed tumor with variable clinical morphology that is usually only recognized by its histopathological features. The primary lesion is a red papule a few millimeters in diameter that often occurs as a single lesion on the lower extremities. In dermoscopy, resemblance of the vessels to a string of pearls is a largely specific finding of clear cell acanthoma. In contrast to the initially uncharacteristic clinical findings, histopathology of clear cell acanthomas is characterized by a typical compact, well‐demarcated acanthosis consisting of pale‐staining, PAS‐reactive keratinocytes. As etiology and pathogenesis are both unclear, nosology of clear cell acanthoma is also controversial, with an ongoing debate as to its classification as cutaneous neoplasia or reactive inflammatory dermatosis.
Sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors and susceptibility to COVID‐19: A population‐based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sainsbury Christopher , Wang Jingya , Gokhale Krishna , Acosta‐Mena Dionisio , Dhalla Samir , Byne Nathan , Chandan Joht Singh , Anand Astha , Cooper Jennifer , Okoth Kelvin , Subramanian Anuradhaa , Bangash Mansoor N. , Taverner Thomas , Hanif Wasim , Ghosh Sandip , Narendran Parth , Cheng Kar K. , Marshall Tom , Gkoutos Georgios , Toulis Konstantinos , Thomas Neil , Tahrani Abd , Adderley Nicola J. , Haroon Shamil , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are widely prescribed in people with type 2 diabetes. We aimed to investigate whether SGLT2 inhibitor prescription is associated with COVID‐19, when compared with an active comparator. We performed a propensity‐score‐matched cohort study with active comparators and a negative control outcome in a large UK‐based primary care dataset. Participants prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors (n = 9948) and a comparator group prescribed dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitors (n = 14 917) were followed up from January 30 to July 27, 2020. The primary outcome was confirmed or clinically suspected COVID‐19. The incidence rate of COVID‐19 was 19.7/1000 person‐years among users of SGLT2 inhibitors and 24.7/1000 person‐years among propensity‐score‐matched users of DPP‐4 inhibitors. The adjusted hazard ratio was 0.92 (95% confidence interval 0.66 to 1.29), and there was no evidence of residual confounding in the negative control analysis. We did not observe an increased risk of COVID‐19 in primary care amongst those prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors compared to DPP‐4 inhibitors, suggesting that clinicians may safely use these agents in the everyday care of people with type 2 diabetes during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Imperial Satiety Protocol: A new non‐surgical weight‐loss programme, delivered in a health care setting, produces improved clinical outcomes for people with obesity
Authors: Hameed Saira , Salem Victoria , Alessimii Haya , Scholtz Samantha , Dar Owais , Miras Alexander D. , Meeran Karim , Bloom Stephen R. , Ahmed Ahmed R. , Purkayastha Sanjay , Chahal Harvinder , Tan Tricia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract‘Imperial Satiety Protocol’ (I‐SatPro) is a new multifaceted approach to weight loss for people with obesity (PwO), encompassing dietary advice, time‐restricted eating, physical activity and coaching to support behaviour change. Participants (n = 84) attended fortnightly I‐SatPro group sessions for 30 weeks, with 70% of participants completing. On completion at 30 weeks, the mean weight loss was 15.2 ± 1.1 kg (13.2 ± 0.8% from baseline, P < .0001), which was maintained to 52 weeks (16.6 ± 1.5 kg, 14.1 ± 1.2%, P < .0001). Weight loss was not associated with reduced energy expenditure. In participants with type 2 diabetes and pre‐diabetes (n = 16), glycated haemoglobin fell from 50 to 43 mmol/mol (P < .01). Systolic blood pressure fell by 12 mmHg (P < .0001). Triglycerides fell by 0.37 mmol/L (P < .01) and high‐density lipoprotein rose by 0.08 mmol/L (P < .01). Short Form‐36 (SF‐36) functioning and wellbeing scores increased in all domains post I‐SatPro intervention. For selected PwO, I‐SatPro delivers clinically meaningful weight loss, and the potential for long‐term health and wellbeing improvements.
Relationship between peripheral neuropathy, diastolic function and adverse cardiovascular outcome in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus without known cardiovascular disease: Results from the Thousand & 1 Study
Authors: Hansen Gorm Mørk , Jørgensen Peter Godsk , Andersen Henrik Ullits , Rossing Peter , Jensen Magnus Thorsten 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsTo investigate the association between measures of peripheral neuropathy (PN) and impaired left ventricular diastolic function, and the prognosis in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and no known cardiovascular disease (CVD), and to test the incremental prognostic value of including measures of PN and diastolic function to the established Steno T1 Risk Engine.MethodsEchocardiography and quantitative biothesiometry was performed to evaluate diastolic function and PN. The participants were categorized according to severity of diastolic function and PN. The study endpoint was combined cardiovascular (CV) events and all‐cause death. Associations were analysed using multivariable regression models. The prognostic capability was assessed with Harrell's C‐statistics and tested against the Steno T1 Risk Engine.ResultsA total of 946 individuals (51.5% men) were included. The mean (SD) follow‐up was 6 (1.3) years. The total number of CV events and all‐cause death were 100. In the multi‐adjusted analysis, both PN and impaired diastolic function were associated with increased risk of CV events and all‐cause death: severe PN versus no PN: hazard ratio (HR) 2.23 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–4.68; P = 0.035); severe diastolic impairment versus normal function: HR 2.27 (95% CI 1.16–4.44; P = 0.016).Measures of diastolic function improved prognostic capability when added to the Steno T1 Risk Engine: C‐statistic 0.797 (95% CI 0.793–0.817) versus 0.785 (95% CI 0.744–0.825; P = 0.006).ConclusionPeripheral neuropathy and impaired diastolic function are associated with an increased risk of CV events and all‐cause death in patients with T1DM. Measures of diastolic function improved prediction of prognosis by the Steno T1 Risk Engine.
Entomophagous insects – an introduction
Authors: Conti Eric , Wajnberg Eric , Beukeboom Leo W. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis special issue contains papers presented at the 6th International Entomophagous Insects Conference. Entomophagous insects consume other insects. They are a fundamental component of ecosystems and are extensively used as biocontrol agents. The first article reviews the role of ladybirds in biological control and the second reviews the biological control of stink bugs. The following nine research articles cover the rearing, behavior, life history, and ecology of parasitoid and predator species.
Influences of academic culture in Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL): Differences in Mexican and U.S. students' reported experiences
Authors: King Ramírez Carmen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCollaborative Online International Learning (COIL) is an education model that provides a framework for international academic exchanges. Though COIL projects outline some best practices for academic partnerships, there are still several areas of project development in which participating faculty must make important decisions that affect the success of the academic venture. Perhaps one of the most important, yet frequently overlooked, aspects of international academic exchanges are the considerations made for differences in academic cultural practices. The current article details a COIL project in which binational faculty and students shared a semester‐long course. At the conclusion of the course, the two student groups reported vast differences in their experiences. In an effort to explain students' divergent perspectives, the author examines the academic climate reported by students and how academic practices implemented in the COIL project affected the overall success of the course.
Community isolation drives lower fish biomass and species richness, but higher functional evenness, in a river metacommunity
Authors: Borthagaray Ana I. , Teixeira‐de Mello Franco , Tesitore Giancarlo , Ortiz Esteban , Illarze Mariana , Pinelli Verónica , Urtado Lucía , Raftopulos Pablo , González‐Bergonzoni Iván , Abades Sebastián , Loureiro Marcelo , Arim Matías 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

The flow of individuals among communities and their interactions with local environmental filters are increasingly recognised as determinants of biodiversity patterns in riverine ecosystems. Both incoming dispersers and local conditions are expected to systematically change along connectivity gradients from headwaters to downstream communities. However, the interplay between isolation‐centrality gradients and environmental conditions as determinants of biodiversity structure and function has seldom been considered.

Here, we represented the dendritic structure of the Negro River basin riverscape (Uruguay) in a directed graph quantifying the isolation‐centrality of each river section and evaluated the direct and indirect pathways by which riverscape structure and environmental local drivers determine fish community assembly.

Fish communities (n = 58) were sampled following a stratified sampling design that properly represents this isolation‐centrality connectivity gradient through the riverscape. In each community, fish abundance, biomass, richness, and functional diversity were estimated, and the direct and indirect hypothesised connections among them were evaluated with structural equation models.

We showed that the range of isolation among river sections determines a 2‐fold, 5‐fold, and 25‐fold variation in total fish richness, abundance, and biomass, respectively. Additionally, isolation‐centrality was positively associated with local temperature and conductivity, while negatively related to local depth. These variables and taxonomic richness accounted for most of the variation in total fish biomass (81%) herein used as measurement of ecosystem function. Local fish abundance was negatively and positively associated with functional evenness and taxonomic richness, respectively. Furthermore, once the effect of isolation on biomass and richness was accounted for, an effect of diversity on biomass became evident.

Our results provide empirical evidence for the role of riverscape structure on taxonomic and functional diversity, biomass, and the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function. We emphasise that in the understanding of river biodiversity and its management, local determinants should not be considered without attention to metacommunity processes.
The carbon and nitrogen cycle impacts of reverting perennial bioenergy switchgrass to an annual maize crop rotation
Authors: Moore Caitlin E. , Berardi Danielle M. , Blanc‐Betes Elena , Dracup Evan C. , Egenriether Sada , Gomez‐Casanovas Nuria , Hartman Melannie D. , Hudiburg Tara , Kantola Ilsa , Masters Michael D. , Parton William J. , Van Allen Rachel , von Haden Adam C. , Yang Wendy H. , DeLucia Evan H. , Bernacchi Carl J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the age of biofuel innovation, bioenergy crop sustainability assessment has determined how candidate systems alter the carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycle. These research efforts revealed how perennial crops, such as switchgrass, increase belowground soil organic carbon (SOC) and lose less N than annual crops, like maize. As demand for bioenergy increases, land managers will need to choose whether to invest in food or fuel cropping systems. However, little research has focused on the C and N cycle impacts of reverting purpose‐grown perennial bioenergy crops back to annual cropping systems. We investigated this knowledge gap by measuring C and N pools and fluxes over 2 years following reversion of a mature switchgrass stand to an annual maize rotation. The most striking treatment difference was in ecosystem respiration (ER), with the maize‐converted treatment showing the highest respiration flux of 2,073.63 (± 367.20) g C m−2 year−1 compared to the switchgrass 1,412.70 (± 28.72) g C m−2 year−1 and maize‐control treatments 1,699.16 (± 234.79) g C m−2 year−1. This difference was likely driven by increased heterotrophic respiration of belowground switchgrass necromass in the maize‐converted treatment. Predictions from the DayCent model showed it would take approximately 5 years for SOC dynamics in the converted treatment to return to conditions of the maize‐control treatment. N losses were highest from the maize‐converted treatment when compared to undisturbed switchgrass and maize‐control, particularly during the first conversion year. These results show substantial C and N losses occur within the first 2 years after reversion of switchgrass to maize. Given farmers are likely to rotate between perennial and annual crops in the future to meet market demands, our results indicate that improvements to the land conversion approach are needed to preserve SOC built up by perennial crops to maintain the long‐term ecological sustainability of bioenergy cropping systems.
Bureaucratic locus of control
Authors: Kay Kerenssa , Rogger Daniel , Sen Iman 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo what extent do public officials feel they have control over their lives in public service? We develop a new measure of perceived control in the bureaucracy based on the locus of control scale. The “bureaucratic locus of control” (BLOC) scale extends standard measures to a bureaucratic context as well as introduces an extension to these measures that focuses on the power of systemic forces in officials' lives. Field tests among a representative sample of Ethiopian public officials suggest that the BLOC scale has good internal reliability and that it is positively associated with promotion opportunities, rewards and motivation. We showcase its use by investigating the extent to which inequality in control impacts the general perception of control. Potential uses of the scale to study bureaucratic dynamics are discussed.