bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Analysis of Tram Vehicles Coupled With the Track System Based on Staggered Iterative Algorithm
Authors: Shan Yao , Wang Binglong , Zhou Shunhua , Zhang Jiawei , Huang Aijun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In recent years, a large number of tram–tracks have been constructed in typical soft soil area of China. Infrastructure defects due to the differential foundation settlement are serious issues in this area. To ensure the operation safety of the tram, the influence of different infrastructure defects on the dynamic response of the tram–track system has been investigated in this paper. A dynamic model of a five-module 100% low-floor tram vehicle coupled with a slab track system is developed based on a finite element (FE) method and multibody kinematics. The articulation between different vehicle modules, the wheel–rail nonlinear contact, pad failures, and a cavity in the subgrade have been taken into account in this model. The dynamic response of the vehicle–track coupling system to different operation speeds and infrastructure defects are calculated. Results indicate that the vibration energy of the vehicle body is mainly distributed in the frequency range below 1.5 Hz. This frequency range should be paid special attention in the durability design for the vehicle structure. When the number of the failure pads is larger than 3, the pad failure in tram–track has significant influence on the system dynamic response. A cavity in subgrade has a limited effect on high frequency vibrations (above 100 Hz) of the rail, while the low frequency vibrations (below 75 Hz) of the rail can be obviously increased by cavities in subgrade. The model can be used in the optimization of suspension parameters and the tram vehicle–track coupled vibration analysis.
Consultancy Under Pressure: Intervening in the “Here and Now” With an Elite Golfer
Authors: Pates John , Kingston Kieran 
Published: April 2020

This case study is a reflective account of a consultation with a 30-year-old male professional golfer. The approach by the player was made on the evening prior to the final round of a European Tour event, needing a top-20 finish on the final day of the tournament year. Failure to achieve this objective would have resulted in forfeiting of his playing privileges on the PGA European Tour for the following season, with the associated loss of income and, in this case, genuine threats to his livelihood. The consultant used a number of interventions (e.g., best-performance imagery, external focus of attention, hypnosis, and music) and an approach established in humanistic, phenomenological, and transpersonal psychology. Effectiveness was determined by performance and the player’s descriptions of his transcendental experience. The client provided social validation for the consultation approach and the intervention through his reflections. The intervention in this case appeared to elevate positive emotions and trigger a transcendental precursor to peak performance. While this type of intervention may provide immediate performance benefits for golfers experiencing low self-confidence, the case study also illustrates how consultants are often asked to support athletes under severe time constraints.
Cost-effectiveness of strategies preventing late-onset infection in preterm infants
Authors: Grosso Alessandro , Neves de Faria Rita Isabel , Bojke Laura , Donohue Chloe , Fraser Caroline Isabel , Harron Katie L , Oddie Sam J , Gilbert Ruth 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveDeveloping a model to analyse the cost-effectiveness of interventions preventing late-onset infection (LOI) in preterm infants and applying it to the evaluation of anti-microbial impregnated peripherally inserted central catheters (AM-PICCs) compared with standard PICCs (S-PICCs).DesignModel-based cost-effectiveness analysis, using data from the Preventing infection using Antimicrobial Impregnated Long Lines (PREVAIL) randomised controlled trial linked to routine healthcare data, supplemented with published literature. The model assumes that LOI increases the risk of neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI).SettingNeonatal intensive care units in the UK National Health Service (NHS).PatientsInfants born ≤32 weeks gestational age, requiring a 1 French gauge PICC.InterventionsAM-PICC and S-PICC.Main outcome measuresLife expectancy, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and healthcare costs over the infants’ expected lifetime.ResultsSevere NDI reduces life expectancy by 14.79 (95% CI 4.43 to 26.68; undiscounted) years, 10.63 (95% CI 7.74 to 14.02; discounted) QALYs and costs £19 057 (95% CI £14 197; £24697; discounted) to the NHS. If LOI causes NDI, the maximum acquisition price of an intervention reducing LOI risk by 5% is £120. AM-PICCs increase costs (£54.85 (95% CI £25.95 to £89.12)) but have negligible impact on health outcomes (−0.01 (95% CI −0.09 to 0.04) QALYs), compared with S-PICCs. The NHS can invest up to £2.4 million in research to confirm that AM-PICCs are not cost-effective.ConclusionsThe model quantifies health losses and additional healthcare costs caused by NDI and LOI during neonatal care. Given these consequences, interventions preventing LOI, even by a small extent, can be cost-effective. AM-PICCs, being less effective and more costly than S-PICC, are not likely to be cost-effective.Trial registration numberNCT03260517.
Economic evaluation alongside the Speed of Increasing milk Feeds Trial (SIFT)
Authors: Tahir Warda , Monahan Mark , Dorling Jon , Hewer Oliver , Bowler Ursula , Linsell Louise , Partlett Christopher , Berrington Janet Elizabeth , Boyle Elaine , Embleton Nicolas , Johnson Samantha , Leaf Alison , McCormick Kenny , McGuire William , Stenson Ben J , Juszczak Ed , Roberts Tracy E 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the cost-effectiveness of two rates of enteral feed advancement (18 vs 30 mL/kg/day) in very preterm and very low birth weight infants.DesignWithin-trial economic evaluation alongside a multicentre, two-arm parallel group, randomised controlled trial (Speed of Increasing milk Feeds Trial).Setting55 UK neonatal units from May 2013 to June 2015.PatientsInfants born <32 weeks’ gestation or <1500 g, receiving less than 30 mL/kg/day of milk at trial enrolment. Infants with a known severe congenital anomaly, no realistic chance of survival, or unlikely to be traceable for follow-up, were ineligible.InterventionsWhen clinicians were ready to start advancing feed volumes, infants were randomised to receive daily increments in feed volume of 30 mL/kg (intervention) or 18 mL/kg (control).Main outcome measureCost per additional survivor without moderate to severe neurodevelopmental disability at 24 months of age corrected for prematurity.ResultsAverage costs per infant were slightly higher for faster feeds compared with slower feeds (mean difference £267, 95% CI −6928 to 8117). Fewer infants achieved the principal outcome of survival without moderate to severe neurodevelopmental disability at 24 months in the faster feeds arm (802/1224 vs 848/1246). The stochastic cost-effectiveness analysis showed a likelihood of worse outcomes for faster feeds compared with slower feeds.ConclusionsThe stochastic cost-effectiveness analysis shows faster feeds are broadly equivalent on cost grounds. However, in terms of outcomes at 24 months age (corrected for prematurity), faster feeds are harmful. Faster feeds should not be recommended on either cost or effectiveness grounds to achieve the primary outcome.
Development and internal validation of a multimorbidity index that predicts healthcare utilisation using the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging
Authors: Wang Zhuoyu , Boulanger Laurence , Berger David , Gaudreau Pierrette , Marrie Ruth Ann , Potter Brian , Wister Andrew , Wolfson Christina , Lefebvre Genevieve , Sylvestre Marie-Pierre , Keezer M 
Published: April 2020

ObjectivesWe aimed to develop and internally validate a measure of multimorbidity burden using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA).DesignData from 40 264 CLSA participants (52% men) aged 45–85 years (a mean of 63 years) were analysed. We used logistic regression models to predict overnight hospitalisation in the last 12 months in the development dataset (random two-thirds of the total) and used these to construct 10 multimorbidity indices (5 models, each treated with and without an age interaction term). Thirty-five chronic conditions were considered for inclusion in these models, in addition to age and sex. We assessed predictive and convergent validity for these 10 different multimorbidity indices in the validation dataset (remaining one-third of the total).ResultsThe absolute count of chronic conditions plus an interaction with age, displayed strong calibration properties, outperforming other candidate indices. Discrimination was modest for all of the indices that we internally validated, with C-statistics ranging from 0.66 to 0.68. The indices showed weak correlations (ie, convergent validity) with satisfaction with life, functional disability and mental health (absolute Pearson’s correlation coefficients ranging from 0.11 to 0.30) but generally moderate correlations with self-rated general health (0.32–0.45).ConclusionsWe investigated alternative methods to measure the multimorbidity burden of individuals, tailored to the CLSA. Our findings show that an absolute count of conditions, along with an age interaction term, has the strongest calibration for overnight hospitalisation in the last 12 months. The utility of an age interaction term in measuring multimorbidity burden may be applicable to the study of chronic disease in cohorts other than the CLSA.
Impact of physical exercise intervention and PPARγ genetic polymorphisms on cardio-metabolic parameters among a Chinese youth population
Authors: Su Juan , Wang Hui , Tian Yuanrui , Hu Haixu , Gu Wanjian , Zhang Ting , Li Mengxia , Shen Chong , Gu Harvest F 
Published: April 2020

ObjectivePhysical inactivity inChinese youth students particularly in senior high schools, who participate inthe National Higher Education Entrance Examination (NCEE) is very common. Inorder to explore the beneficial effects from physical exercise and education afterNCEE, we performed aPhysicalexerciseInterventionProgram in theYouth (PiPy) to evaluate the interaction withPPARγgenetic variants on cardiovascular and metabolicparameters.MethodsA total of 772 freshmen (males 610/females162) from high schools to university were recruited into the PiPy cohort, which was designedaccording to the National Student Health Standards in China. Anthropometric data were collected, whilephysical activities and body composition at the baseline of PiPy cohort weremeasured with SECAprotocols. Eighttagged single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in thePPARγgene were genotyped with TaqMan allelicdiscrimination.ResultsAfter physical exercise intervention forthree months, in parallel with increased physical activities, BMI and skeletalmuscle content in all subjects was enhanced, while heart rate and bloodpressures were decreased. Furthermore, SNPs in 5’-UTR of thePPARγgene, including rs2920502,rs9817428 and rs2972164, were found to be associated with the changes of BMI.Body weight in the subjects with BMI <18.5and 18.5-23.9 kg/m2were increased,while the obese subjects (BMI ≥24.0 kg/m2) decreased.ConclusionThe present study for the first timedemonstrated that the PiPy could improve cardio-metabolic parameters such asheart rate, blood pressures and BMI for Chinese youth students after NCEE, inwhich the genetic interactive effects ofPPARγshould be included into obesityintervention.
Tailoring lifestyle programmes for diabetes prevention for US South Asians
Authors: Weber Mary Beth , Hennink Monique M , Narayan K M Venkat 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to develop and test the feasibility of a culturally tailored Diabetes Prevention Programme (DPP) for US South Asians, a large population with high diabetes risk.DesignThe South Asian Health and Prevention Education (SHAPE) study included: (1) focus group discussions with South Asian adults to understand views of lifestyle behaviours and diabetes prevention; (2) modification of the US DPP for South Asians and (3) a pilot, pre–post study to test the feasibility and impact of delivering the culturally tailored programme.SettingThe study was conducted in Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Focus group discussions and intervention classes were held at locations within the community (eg, South Asian restaurants, a public library, university classrooms, a South Asian owned physical therapy studio).ParticipantsThe focus group discussions (n=17 with 109 individuals) included adults aged 25 years of older who self-identified as South Asian. Groups were stratified by age (25–40 years or older than 40 years) and sex. The SHAPE pilot study included 17 (76.5% male with a mean age of 46.9±12 years) South Asian adults aged 25 years or older with pre-diabetes and body mass index (BMI) >22 kg/m2.ResultsFormative data from 17 focus group discussions and a community board guided the modification of the DPP curriculum to reflect cultural food preferences and include tools to leverage social support, create a stronger foundation in exercise and overcome culturally specific barriers. The SHAPE pilot study included 17 South Asian adults with pre-diabetes and BMI >22 kg/m2. There were positive changes in participants’ weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma lipids, HbA1c and other cardiometabolic markers postintervention and 55% of participants regressed to normoglycaemia.ConclusionThese results provide important information on the barriers faced by US South Asians in participating in ‘standard’ lifestyle change programs, indicate the feasibility of culturally tailored programmes and show positive impact of a culturally tailored programme for diabetes prevention in the South Asian population.
Differential inflammasome activation predisposes to acute-on-chronic liver failure in human and experimental cirrhosis with and without previous decompensation
Authors: Monteiro Sofia , Grandt Josephine , Uschner Frank Erhard , Kimer Nina , Madsen Jan Lysgård , Schierwagen Robert , Klein Sabine , Welsch Christoph , Schäfer Liliana , Jansen Christian , Claria Joan , Alcaraz-Quiles José , Arroyo Vicente , Moreau Richard , Fernandez Javier , Bendtsen Flemming , Mehta Gautam , Gluud Lise Lotte , Møller Søren , Praktiknjo Michael , Trebicka Jonel 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveSystemic inflammation predisposes acutely decompensated (AD) cirrhosis to the development of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). Supportive treatment can improve AD patients, becoming recompensated. Little is known about the outcome of patients recompensated after AD. We hypothesise that different inflammasome activation is involved in ACLF development in compensated and recompensated patients.Design249 patients with cirrhosis, divided into compensated and recompensated (previous AD), were followed prospectively for fatal ACLF development. Two external cohorts (n=327) (recompensation, AD and ACLF) were included. Inflammasome-driving interleukins (ILs), IL-1α (caspase-4/11-dependent) and IL-1β (caspase-1-dependent), were measured. In rats, bile duct ligation-induced cirrhosis and lipopolysaccharide exposition were used to induce AD and subsequent recompensation. IL-1α and IL-1β levels and upstream/downstream gene expression were measured.ResultsPatients developing ACLF showed higher baseline levels of ILs. Recompensated patients and patients with detectable ILs had higher rates of ACLF development than compensated patients. Baseline CLIF-C (European Foundation for the study of chronic liver failure consortium) AD, albumin and IL-1α were independent predictors of ACLF development in compensated and CLIF-C AD and IL-1β in recompensated patients. Compensated rats showed higher IL-1α gene expression and recompensated rats higher IL-1β levels with higher hepatic gene expression. Higher IL-1β detection rates in recompensated patients developing ACLF and higher IL-1α and IL-1β detection rates in patients with ACLF were confirmed in the two external cohorts.ConclusionPrevious AD is an important risk factor for fatal ACLF development and possibly linked with inflammasome activation. Animal models confirmed the results showing a link between ACLF development and IL-1α in compensated cirrhosis and IL-1β in recompensated cirrhosis.
On a first order transition in QCD with up, down and strange quarks
Authors: Guo Xiao-Yu , Heo Yonggoo , Lutz Matthias F. M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe consider the quark-mass dependence of the baryon octet and decuplet ground state masses. It is predicted that QCD dynamics implies a first order transition when increasing the strange quark mass from its chiral limit towards its physical value. Our claim relies on a global fit to the available QCD lattice data on such baryon masses. Quantitative results based on an application of the chiral SU(3) Lagrangian at N$$^3$$3LO are discussed. We predict an anomalous sector of QCD where stable baryonic matter would be composed of $$\varLambda $$Λ or $$\bar{\varLambda }$$Λ¯ particles rather than nucleons and anti-nucleons.
Integrin β3 Deficiency Results in Hypertriglyceridemia via Disrupting LPL (Lipoprotein Lipase) Secretion
Authors: Xiao Bing , Mao Jianhua , Sun Boyang , Zhang Wei , Wang Yun , Wang Pengran , Ruan Zheng , Xi Wenda , Li Huiyuan , Zhou Jingyi , Lu Yide , Ding Qiulan , Wang Xuefeng , Liu Jingqiu , Yan Jinsong , Luo Cheng , Shi Xiaofeng , Yang Renchi , Xi Xiaodong 
Published: April 2020

Objective:
Integrin β3 is implicated in numerous biological processes such as its relevance to blood triglyceride, yet whether β3 deficiency affects this metabolic process remains unknown.

Approach and Results:

We showed that the Chinese patients with β3-deficient Glanzmann thrombasthenia had a 2-fold higher serum triglyceride level together with a lower serum LPL (lipoprotein lipase) level than those with an αIIb deficiency or healthy subjects. The β3 knockout mice recapitulated these phenotypic features. The elevated plasma triglyceride level was due to impaired LPL-mediated triglyceride clearance caused by a disrupted LPL secretion. Further analysis revealed that β3 directly bound LPL via a juxtamembrane TIH (threonine isoleucine histidine)
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motif in its cytoplasmic domain and functioned as an adaptor protein by interacting with LPL and PKD (protein kinase D) to form the PKD/β3/LPL complex that is required for β3-mediated LPL secretion. Furthermore, the impaired triglyceride clearance in β3 knockout mice could be corrected by adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9)-mediated delivery of wild-type but not TIH
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-mutated β3 genes.

Conclusions:
This study reveals a hypertriglyceridemia in both β3-deficient Chinese patients and mice and provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of the significant roles of β3 in LPL secretion and triglyceride metabolism, drawing attention to the metabolic consequences in patients with β3-deficient Glanzmann thrombasthenia.
Practice Patterns Surrounding Pregnancy After Heart Transplantation
Authors: DeFilippis Ersilia M. , Haythe Jennifer , Farr Maryjane A. , Kobashigawa Jon , Kittleson Michelle M. 
Published: April 2020

Background:
Pregnancy after heart transplantation (HT) is a concern for many female recipients. The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation has guidelines regarding reproductive health, but limited data exist regarding providers’ attitudes and practices surrounding pregnancy post-HT.

Methods:
We conducted an independent, confidential, voluntary, web-based survey sent electronically to 1643 United States heart transplant providers between June and August 2019.

Results:
There were 122 responses, the majority from cardiologists (n=85, 70%) and nurse or transplant coordinators (n=22, 18%). Thirty-one percent (n=37) of respondents indicated that pregnancy should be avoided in all HT recipients, and only 43% (n=52) reported that their center had a formal policy regarding pregnancy following HT. The most commonly reported contraindications included nonadherence (n=109, 89%), reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (n=104, 85%), coronary allograft vasculopathy (n=86, 70%), prior rejection (n=76, 62%), presence of donor-specific antibodies (n=69, 57%), and prior peripartum cardiomyopathy pretransplant (n=57, 47%). Respondent sex, specialty, transplant volume, or prior experience with pregnancy after HT were not associated with recommendations to avoid posttransplant pregnancy.

Conclusions:
Transplant providers’ attitudes regarding posttransplant pregnancy vary widely. Despite International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation guidelines, a significant proportion indicates that pregnancy is contraindicated in all recipients and the majority of programs have no center-specific policy to manage such pregnancies. While the low response rate limits the generalizability of the findings, they do suggest that education on the feasibility of pregnancy post-HT is indicated as many recipients are of, or survive to, childbearing age.
Joseph and Aseneth: An Entertaining Tale
Authors: Elder Nicholas A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article argues that whatever else Joseph and Aseneth is and for whatever other reason that it might have been written, the narrative is an entertaining tale. The starting point for this thesis is an assessment of the extent to which Joseph and Aseneth can be characterized as “fan fiction.” The article suggests that because both fan fiction and Joseph and Aseneth are “archontic,” fan theory can profitably inform Joseph and Aseneth. This theory is then applied to Joseph and Aseneth to throw new light on the motivation for which Joseph and Aseneth was written, specifically suggesting that, like fan fiction, the narrative is the result of the simultaneous adoration of and frustration with a specific cultural text, namely the Joseph Cycle. The article further contends that the narrative makes extensive use of irony, humor, and adventure as it displays various tendencies of fan fiction.
Midrashic Traditions, Literary Editing, and Polemics in Midrash Tehillim 22: Between Judaism and Christianity
Authors: Atzmon Arnon 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this article I demonstrate how a careful reading of the text of Midrash Tehillim 22 reveals a clear distinction between its different developmental layers. While we do find the identification of particular verses with Esther in the early stages of the midrash’s development, there is no reason to assume that this identification was rooted in an anti-Christian polemic. On the other hand, in the later layers of the midrash, we find clear echoes of the systematic creation of a continuous exegesis that focuses on identifying the entire Psalm with Esther. The background for this trend was a polemical confrontation with the Christian interpretation which viewed the Psalm as a prefiguration for Jesus’s crucifixion. The midrash also serves as a Jewish counter to the Christian liturgy created in the wake of the Christological reading.