bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poly (l‐lactic acid) bioresorbable scaffolds versus metallic drug‐eluting stents for the treatment of coronary artery disease: A meta‐analysis of 11 randomized trials
Authors: Verdoia Monica , Kedhi Elvin , Suryapranata Harry , Galasso Gennaro , Dudek Dariusz , De Luca Giuseppe 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundBioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) have been proposed for overcoming the long‐term limitations of permanent metallic stents, while theoretically warranting similar advantages in plaque stabilization and anti‐restenotic drug delivery in the early postrevascularization phase. However, increased rates of malapposition, restenosis, or thrombosis have emerged from initial trials with BVS, that were nevertheless underpowered for the evaluation of the real outcome benefits of these coronary devices. The recent completion of newer randomized clinical trials paves the way to the present meta‐analysis, aiming at the comparison of Poly (l‐Lactic acid) BVS (PLLA‐BVS) versus metallic drug‐eluting stents (DES) in the treatment of coronary stenoses.MethodsLiterature and main scientific session abstracts were searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing drug‐eluting BVS versus metallic DES for the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD). The primary efficacy endpoint was mortality, secondary endpoints were cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization (TLR), stent thrombosis and the composite of device‐oriented target lesion failure (TLF).ResultsWe included 11 randomized trials, for a total population of 10,707 patients, 54.5% treated with BVS. The major indication for PCI was stable CAD, whereas acute coronary syndrome represented 30% of the patients. At a mean follow‐up of 2.64 years (1–5 years), mortality occurred in 2.71% of the patients, with no difference according to the type of implanted stent (OR[95%CI] = 0.94 [0.74, 1.20], p = .62). No interaction was observed according to patients' risk profile or the rate of diabetes and ACS. However, a significant increase in myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, TLR and TLF was observed with BVS as compared to DES.ConclusionsThe present meta‐analysis provides the most updated data on the use of PLLA‐BVS for the treatment of CAD. We documented a poorer performance of these new coronary devices, as compared to new generation metallic DES, being associated with an increased rate of recurrent cardiovascular events. However, such ischemic complications did not impact on mortality, with a comparable survival independently from the type of stent.
Review of familial hemiplegic migraine, successful outcome in a pregnant patient
Authors: Monseur Brent C. , Anastasio Hannah B. , Haddad Andrew , Al‐Kouatly Huda B. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAs the field of neurogenetics is expanding rapidly and variant classification criteria evolve, genetic variants in databases are re‐evaluated overtime allowing updated classifications of pathogenicity predication. When caring for patients with genetic disorders, it is important to obtain the original genetic report and also consider an updated reanalysis.
Collaborative filtering and association rule mining‐based market basket recommendation on spark
Authors: Wang Feiran , Wen Yiping , Guo Tianhang , Liu Jianxun , Cao Buqing 
Published: November 2019

SummaryTraditional market basket recommendation approaches normally cannot well recommend unpopular commodities in big data environment. To address such problem and deal with large datasets of practical supermarkets, this paper presents a market basket recommendation framework and proposes an Extended algorithm based on Collaborative Filtering and Association Rule mining, named ECFAR. The ECFAR covers two sub‐algorithms. First, a parallel FP‐Growth algorithm is used for mining association rules on Spark, which is designed to increase the efficiency of processing big data. Then, a parallel similar commodity discovery method based on matrix factorization is proposed. By analyzing a real‐world sales dataset collected from a local supermarket group, extensive experiments are conducted to verify its effectiveness.
Matrix‐filled microcavities in the emerging avian left‐right organizer
Authors: Pieper Tobias , Carpaij Meriam , Reinermann Johanna , Surchev Lachezar , Viebahn Christoph , Tsikolia Nikoloz 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundHensen node of the amniote embryo plays a central role in multiple developmental processes, especially in induction and formation of axial organs. In the chick, it is asymmetrical in shape and has recently been considered to represent the left‐right organizer. As mechanisms of breaking the initial left‐right symmetry of the embryo are still ill‐understood, analyzing the node's microarchitecture may provide insights into functional links between symmetry breaking and asymmetric morphology.ResultsIn the course of a light‐ and electron‐microscopic study addressing this issue we discovered novel intercellular matrix‐filled cavities in the node of the chick during gastrulation and during early neurulation stages; measuring up to 45 μm, they are surrounded by densely packed cells and filled with nanoscale fibrils, which immunostaining suggests to consist of the basement membrane‐related proteins fibronectin and perlecan. The cavities emerge immediately prior to node formation in the epiblast layer adjacent to the tip of the primitive streak and later, with emerging node asymmetry, they are predominantly located in the right part of the node. Almost identical morphological features of microcavities were found in the duck node.ConclusionsWe address these cavities as “nodal microcavities” and propose their content to be involved in the function of the avian node by mediating morphogen signaling and storage.
Generation of PECAM‐1 (CD31) conditional knockout mice
Authors: Zhi Huiying , Kanaji Taisuke , Fu Guoping , Newman Debra K. , Newman Peter J. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryPlatelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM‐1) is an adhesion and signaling receptor that is expressed on endothelial and hematopoietic cells and plays important roles in angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and regulation of cellular responsiveness. To better understanding the tissue specificity of PECAM‐1 functions, we generated mice in which PECAM1, the gene encoding PECAM‐1, could be conditionally knocked out. A targeting construct was created that contains loxP sites flanking PECAM1 exons 1 and 2 and a neomycin resistance gene flanked by flippase recognition target (FRT) sites that was positioned upstream of the 3′ loxP site. The targeting construct was electroporated into C57BL/6 embryonic stem (ES) cells, and correctly targeted ES cells were injected into C57BL/6 blastocysts, which were implanted into pseudo‐pregnant females. Resulting chimeric animals were bred with transgenic mice expressing Flippase 1 (FLP1) to remove the FRT‐flanked neomycin resistance gene and mice heterozygous for the floxed PECAM1 allele were bred with each other to obtain homozygous PECAM1
flox/flox offspring, which expressed PECAM‐1 at normal levels and had no overt phenotype. PECAM1
flox/flox mice were bred with mice expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the SRY‐box containing gene 2 (Sox2Cre) promoter to delete the floxed PECAM1 allele in offspring (Sox2Cre;PECAM1
del/WT), which were crossbred to generate Sox2Cre; PECAM1
del/del offspring. Sox2Cre; PECAM1
del/del mice recapitulated the phenotype of conventional global PECAM‐1 knockout mice. PECAM1
flox/flox mice will be useful for studying distinct roles of PECAM‐1 in tissue specific contexts and to gain insights into the roles that PECAM‐1 plays in blood and vascular cell function.
Seed‐to‐seedling transitions exhibit distance‐dependent mortality but no strong spacing effects in a Neotropical forest
Authors: Marchand Philippe , Comita Liza S. , Wright S. Joseph , Condit Richard , Hubbell Stephen P. , Beckman Noelle G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPatterns of seed dispersal and seed mortality influence the spatial structure of plant communities and the local coexistence of competing species. Most seeds are dispersed in proximity to the parent tree, where mortality is also expected to be the highest, because of competition with siblings or the attraction of natural enemies. Whereas distance‐dependent mortality in the seed‐to‐seedling transition was often observed in tropical forests, few studies have attempted to estimate the shape of the survival‐distance curves, which determines whether the peak of seedling establishment occurs away from the parent tree (Janzen–Connell pattern) or if the peak attenuates but remains at the parent location (Hubbell pattern). In this study, we inferred the probability density of seed dispersal and two stages of seedling establishment (new recruits, and seedlings 20 cm or taller) with distance for 24 tree species present in the 50‐ha Forest Dynamics Plot of Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Using data from seed traps, seedling survey quadrats, and tree‐census records spanning the 1988–2014 period, we fit hierarchical Bayesian models including parameters for tree fecundity, the shape of the dispersal kernel, and overdispersion of seed or seedling counts. We combined predictions from multiple dispersal kernels to obtain more robust inferences. We find that Hubbell patterns are the most common and Janzen–Connell patterns are very rare among those species; that distance‐dependent mortality may be stronger in the seed stage, in the early recruit stage, or comparable in both; and that species with larger seeds experience less overall mortality and less distance‐dependent mortality. Finally, we describe how this modeling approach could be extended at a community scale to include less abundant species.
ER‐aminopeptidase 1 determines the processing and presentation of an immunotherapy‐relevant melanoma epitope
Authors: Textoris‐Taube Kathrin , Cammann Clemens , Henklein Petra , Topfstedt Eylin , Ebstein Frédéric , Henze Sarah , Liepe Juliane , Zhao Fang , Schadendorf Dirk , Dahlmann Burkhardt , Uckert Wolfgang , Paschen Annette , Mishto Michele , Seifert Ulrike 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDissecting the different steps of the processing and presentation of tumor‐associated antigens is a key aspect of immunotherapies enabling to tackle the immune response evasion attempts of cancer cells. The immunodominant glycoprotein gp100209‐217 epitope, which is liberated from the melanoma differentiation antigen gp100PMEL17, is part of immunotherapy trials. By analyzing different human melanoma cell lines, we here demonstrate that a pool of N‐terminal extended peptides sharing the common minimal epitope is generated by melanoma proteasome subtypes. In vitro and in cellulo experiments indicate that ER‐resident aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1)—but not ERAP2—defines the processing of this peptide pool thereby modulating the T‐cell recognition of melanoma cells. By combining the outcomes of our studies and others, we can sketch the complex processing and endogenous presentation pathway of the gp100209‐217‐containing epitope/peptides, which are produced by proteasomes and are translocated to the vesicular compartment through different pathways, where the precursor peptides that reach the endoplasmic reticulum are further processed by ERAP1. The latter step enhances the activation of epitope‐specific T lymphocytes, which might be a target to improve the efficiency of anti‐melanoma immunotherapy.
The multifaceted Foxp3fgfp allele enhances spontaneous and therapeutic immune surveillance of cancer in mice
Authors: Almeida‐Santos José , Bergman Marie‐Louise , Amendoeira Cabral Inês , Correia Vasco , Caramalho Íris , Demengeot Jocelyne 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIt is well established that therapeutic impairment of Foxp3+ Treg in mice and humans favors immune rejection of solid tumors. Less explored is the impact Foxp3 allelic variants may have on tumor incidence, progression and therapy. In this work, we tested and demonstrate that the Foxp3fgfp reporter allele, found previously to either enhance or reduce Treg function in specific autoimmunity settings, confers increased anti‐tumor immunity. Our conclusions stem out of the analysis of three tumor models of different tissue origin, in two murine genetic backgrounds. When compared to wild type animals, mice carrying the Foxp3fgfp allele spontaneously delay, reduce or prevent primary tumor growth, decrease metastasis growth, and potentiate the response to anti‐CTLA4 monotherapy. These findings suggest allelic variances at the Foxp3 locus may serve as predictive indicators for personalized therapy and prognostics, and point at possible new therapeutic targets.
Energy and exergy analyses of the solar assisted multigeneration system with thermal energy storage system
Authors: Ratlamwala Tahir A. H. , Gill Eliezer Z. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe following analysis has been conducted to investigate the energy and exergy efficiencies of solar assisted multigeneration system, the system comprises of parabolic trough solar collector, thermal energy storage tank, regenerative power plant, double effect absorption cooling system, and PEM electrolyzer. The variation in energy and exergy efficiencies of the parabolic solar trough collector with respect to solar absorptivity is also shown in the analysis. The heat transfer rate, the resultant outputs, the efficiencies, and the rate of exergy destructions for each component are calculated. The freshwater is used as the primary working fluid for the overall cycle and the net power produced by the low‐pressure turbine is 1.384 MW, additionally, the rate of heat produced by the thermal storage tank is 205.7 kW and the calculated thermal efficiency of the thermal storage tank is 14.33%. The overall analysis has been done by using engineering equation solver and parametric results are shown in order to determine the variations in the system.
Biocontrol of toxigenic Aspergillus strains isolated from baby foods by essential oils
Authors: Yassein Asmaa S. , El‐Said Ahmed H. M. , El‐Dawy Eman G. A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEssential oils are natural antimicrobial agents that can be used to control fungal and mycotoxin contamination. Although there are numerous reports discussing the fungal and mycotoxin contamination of foods, there are few researches on baby food contamination so this work aimed to determine the fungal and mycotoxin contamination in cerelac, cornflakes and milk powder and tried to control the mycotoxigenic strain growth and their production of mycotoxins by using essential oils. Cornflakes were heavily contaminated (24 species including 9 genera), while cerelac and milk powder were less contaminated. Aspergillus and Penicillium were the prevalent genera. The produced aflatoxins and ochratoxins from the tested strains of Aspergillus flavus and A. niger were extracted and estimated by fluorometric method. We used the 18S rRNA sequence technique to identify the genotypes of the three isolates. Two isolates were identified as Aspergillus niger and the third isolate as A. flavus. Omt‐A gene was detected in the A. flavus, while Aopks gene was detected in A. niger isolates. Amongst the five used essential oils, only cumin and peppermint oil depressed the mycotoxigenic strain growth and peppermint oil had the highest result. Its inhibitory effect on aflatoxin and ochratoxin production was evaluated. Aflatoxin production was highly reduced by 52.1%, but ochratoxin inhibition was very low, 4.88% and 3.17% by A. niger obtained from cornflakes and milk powder, respectively. The three tested samples were contaminated by ochratoxins, but cerelac and milk powder samples were free of aflatoxins. Cornflakes sample recorded the highest reading for both toxins.
A mixed least‐squares finite element formulation with explicit consideration of the balance of moment of momentum, a numerical study
Authors: Igelbüscher Maximilian , Schröder Jörg , Schwarz Alexander 
Published: November 2019

AbstractImportant conditions in structural analysis are the fulfillment of the balance of linear momentum (vanishing resultant forces) and the balance of angular momentum (vanishing resultant moment), which is not a priori satisfied for arbitrary element formulations. In this contribution, we analyze a mixed least‐squares (LS) finite element formulation for linear elasticity with explicit consideration of the balance of angular momentum. The considered stress‐displacement (σ − u) formulation is based on the squared L2(ℬ)‐norm minimization of the residuals of a first‐order system of differential equations. The formulation is constructed by means of two residuals, that is, the balance of linear momentum and the constitutive equation. Motivated by the crucial point of weighting factors within LS formulations, a scale independent formulation is constructed. The displacement approximation is performed by standard Lagrange polynomials and the stress approximation with Raviart‐Thomas functions. The latter ansatz functions do not a priori fulfill the symmetry of the Cauchy stress tensor. Therefore, a redundant residual, the balance of angular momentum ((x − x0) × (divσ + f) + axl[σ − σT]), is introduced and the results are discussed from the engineering point of view, especially for coarse mesh discretizations. However, this formulation shows an improvement compared to standard LS σ − u formulations, which is considered here in a numerical study.
Studying the effect of radiation on thin‐film sprayed nanofluid flow with heat transfer
Authors: Abdel‐Rahman Rashed Gamal M. , El-Fayez Faiza M. N. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss thin‐film nanofluid sprayed in non‐Darcian, magnetohydrodynamic, embedding in a porous medium flow and thermal radiation with heat transfer generation on a stretching cylinder. The spray rate is a function of film size. A comparative study is made for the nanoparticles, namely, copper oxide , alumina oxide (), and iron oxide . The governing continuity, momentum, and energy equations of the nanofluid are reduced using similarity transformation and converted into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which are solved numerically. Numerical solutions are obtained for the velocity and temperature fields as well as for the skin‐friction coefficient and Nusselt number. The pressure distribution and spray rate are also calculated. The results are presented in graphical forms to study the effects of various parameters.
Assessing effects of model complexity and structure on predictions of hydrological responses using serial and parallel model design
Authors: Chien Huicheng , Mackay D. Scott 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBy utilizing functional relationships based on observations at plot or field scales, water quality models first compute surface runoff and then use it as the primary governing variable to estimate sediment and nutrient transport. When these models are applied at watershed scales, this serial model structure, coupling a surface runoff sub‐model with a water quality sub‐model, may be inappropriate because dominant hydrological processes differ among scales. A parallel modeling approach is proposed to evaluate how best to combine dominant hydrological processes for predicting water quality at watershed scales. In the parallel scheme, dominant variables of water quality models are identified based entirely on their statistical significance using time series analysis. Four surface runoff models of different model complexity were assessed using both the serial and parallel approaches to quantify the uncertainty on forcing variables used to predict water quality. The eight alternative model structures were tested against a 25‐year high‐resolution data set of streamflow, suspended sediment discharge, and phosphorous discharge at weekly time steps. Models using the parallel approach consistently performed better than serial‐based models, by having less error in predictions of watershed scale streamflow, sediment and phosphorus, which suggests model structures of water quantity and quality models at watershed scales should be reformulated by incorporating the dominant variables. The implication is that hydrological models should be constructed in a way that avoids stacking one sub‐model with one set of scale assumptions onto the front end of another sub‐model with a different set of scale assumptions.
Liner and nonliner sectoral response of stock markets to oil price movements: The case of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Hamdan Reem Khamis , Hamdan Allam Mohammed 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWith respect to Saudi Arabia for the period 2007–2016, this study employs linear (ordinary least square and causality tests) and nonlinear (Markov switching technique) to determine the long‐run relationship between stock market returns, in aggregate, and oil prices, as independent variable on the one hand, with sectoral returns in stock markets, and as dependent variable on the other. Results suggest that sectors in the Saudi market generally respond asymmetrically to oil prices. Overall, in the long run, the Saudi market, in aggregate, was found to be cointegrated with sectoral returns being affected more by overall stock market returns than by oil returns. When nonlinear Markov switching technique was employed, results were only significant in certain sectors namely cement, petrochemical industries, building and construction, and energy and utilities where regime switching between high and low volatilities was detected around the global financial crisis in 2008. Based on these findings, the study recommends investors to consider investing in sectors that balance between those with returns that vary directly and inversely with oil prices in an effort to create “oil‐neutral” portfolios rather than uniformly investing across all sectors in the Saudi market or consider investing in Saudi market sectors in the case of high oil prices.
Integration of Ontogeny Into a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Monoclonal Antibodies in Premature Infants
Authors: Malik Paul R. V. , Edginton Andrea N. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAn understanding of pediatric pharmacokinetics (PK) is essential for first‐in‐pediatric dose selection and clinical trial design. At present, there is no reliable way to scale the PK of monoclonal antibodies and immunoglobulin G drug products from adults to young children or to premature infants—a vulnerable population with a rapidly growing drug development pipeline. In this work, pediatric physiologically based PK models are constructed in PK‐Sim and Mobi to explore the PK of pagibaximab, palivizumab, MEDI8897, and intravenous immunoglobulin in preterm infants. In addition to considering ontogeny in pediatric organ volumes, organ composition, blood flow rates, and hematocrit, advanced ontogeny is applied for 3 key parameters: capillary surface area, hematopoietic cell concentration, and lymph flow rate. The role and importance of each parameter for determining pediatric clearance (CL) and volume of distribution at steady state (VSS) are quantitatively assessed with a local sensitivity analysis. In addition, the uncertainty around parameters with limited information in pediatrics is addressed (eg, free neonatal Fc receptor concentration). The full ontogeny parameterization yields pediatric PK predictions that are within 1.5‐fold prediction error >90% of the time for preterm infants, with an absolute average fold error of 1.05. This result suggests that many of the key factors related to ontogeny are appropriately addressed. Overall, this study makes a first step toward developing a platform pediatric physiologically based PK model for monoclonal antibodies and immunoglobulin G drug products by solidifying existing parameterizations, integrating new concepts, and drawing attention to unmet needs for physiologic knowledge in children.