bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strong‐Motion Seismogeodesy by Deeply Coupling GNSS Receivers with Inertial Measurement Units
Authors: Geng Jianghui , Wen Qiang , Zhang Tisheng , Li Chenghong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGlobal navigation satellite system (GNSS) displacements at near‐source stations can be biased in both amplitude and phase due to fierce earthquake strike. We propose to inject inertial measurement unit (IMU)‐recorded ground motions into GNSS receivers to compensate their phase‐lock loops (PLLs) for seismic motion stress, aiming at keeping steady carrier‐phase tracking. We use a shake table to replay an acceleration record (0.5–2.0 g) from the 2008 Mw7.9 Wenchuan earthquake to test this IMU‐augmented PLL: It achieves a 1.9‐mm amplitude error (RMS) and an 8.0‐ms phase lag against the shake table's recordings, while the conventional PLL languishes to 6.0 mm and 56.5 ms, respectively. Moreover, the IMU‐augmented PLL enables a six‐degree‐of‐freedom integration among the GNSS and IMU data, where the displacement amplitude error and phase lag decline further to 0.9 mm and 3.5 ms, respectively. We believe that the IMU‐augmented GNSS receivers are ideal strong‐motion seismograph to capture trustworthy broadband displacements in the near fields.
Upstream Ultra‐Low Frequency Waves Observed by MESSENGER's Magnetometer: Implications for Particle Acceleration at Mercury's Bow Shock
Authors: Romanelli N. , DiBraccio G. , Gershman D. , Le G. , Mazelle C. , Meziane K. , Boardsen S. , Slavin J. , Raines J. , Glass A. , Espley J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe perform the first statistical analysis of the main properties of waves observed in the 0.05–0.41 Hz frequency range in the Hermean foreshock by the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) Magnetometer. Although we find similar polarization properties to the “30 s” waves observed at the Earth's foreshock, the normalized wave amplitude (δB/|B0|∼0.2) and occurrence rate (∼0.5%) are much smaller. This could be associated with relatively lower backstreaming proton fluxes, the smaller foreshock size and/or less stable solar wind (SW) conditions around Mercury. Furthermore, we estimate that the speed of resonant backstreaming protons in the SW reference frame (likely source for these waves) ranges between 0.95 and 2.6 times the SW speed. The closeness between this range and what is observed at other planetary foreshocks suggests that similar acceleration processes are responsible for this energetic population and might be present in the shocks of exoplanets.
Inter-patient variations in relative biological effectiveness for cranio-spinal irradiation with protons
Authors: Ytre-Hauge Kristian S. , Fjæra Lars Fredrik , Rørvik Eivind , Dahle Tordis J. , Dale Jon Espen , Pilskog Sara , Stokkevåg Camilla H. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCranio-spinal irradiation (CSI) using protons has dosimetric advantages compared to photons and is expected to reduce risk of adverse effects. The proton relative biological effectiveness (RBE) varies with linear energy transfer (LET), tissue type and dose, but a variable RBE has not replaced the constant RBE of 1.1 in clinical treatment planning. We examined inter-patient variations in RBE for ten proton CSI patients. Variable RBE models were used to obtain RBE and RBE-weighted doses. RBE was quantified in terms of dose weighted organ-mean RBE ($${\overline{{\rm{RBE}}}}_{{\rm{d}}}$$RBE¯d = mean RBE-weighted dose/mean physical dose) and effective RBE of the near maximum dose (D2%), i.e. RBED2% = $${D}_{2 \% ,RBE}/{D}_{2 \% ,phys}$$D2%,RBE/D2%,phys, where subscripts RBE and phys indicate that the D2% is calculated based on an RBE model and the physical dose, respectively. Compared to the median $${\overline{{\rm{RBE}}}}_{{\rm{d}}}$$RBE¯d of the patient population, differences up to 15% were observed for the individual $${\overline{{\rm{RBE}}}}_{{\rm{d}}}$$RBE¯d values found for the thyroid, while more modest variations were seen for the heart (6%), lungs (2%) and brainstem (<1%). Large inter-patient variation in RBE could be correlated to large spread in LET and dose for these organs at risk (OARs). For OARs with small inter-patient variations, the results show that applying a population based RBE in treatment planning may be a step forward compared to using RBE of 1.1. OARs with large inter-patient RBE variations should ideally be selected for patient-specific biological or RBE robustness analysis if the physical doses are close to known dose thresholds.
Chocolate for breakfast prevents circadian desynchrony in experimental models of jet-lag and shift-work
Authors: Escobar Carolina , Espitia-Bautista Estefania , Guzmán-Ruiz Mara A. , Guerrero- Vargas Natalí N. , Hernández-Navarrete Miguel Ángel , Ángeles-Castellanos Manuel , Morales-Pérez Brenda , Buijs Ruud M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNight-workers, transcontinental travelers and individuals that regularly shift their sleep timing, suffer from circadian desynchrony and are at risk to develop metabolic disease, cancer, and mood disorders, among others. Experimental and clinical studies provide evidence that food intake restricted to the normal activity phase is a potent synchronizer for the circadian system and can prevent the detrimental metabolic effects associated with circadian disruption. As an alternative, we hypothesized that a timed piece of chocolate scheduled to the onset of the activity phase may be sufficient stimulus to synchronize circadian rhythms under conditions of shift-work or jet-lag. In Wistar rats, a daily piece of chocolate coupled to the onset of the active phase (breakfast) accelerated re-entrainment in a jet-lag model by setting the activity of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) to the new cycle. Furthermore, in a rat model of shift-work, a piece of chocolate for breakfast prevented circadian desynchrony, by increasing the amplitude of the day-night c-Fos activation in the SCN. Contrasting, chocolate for dinner prevented re-entrainment in the jet-lag condition and favored circadian desynchrony in the shift-work models. Moreover, chocolate for breakfast resulted in low body weight gain while chocolate for dinner boosted up body weight. Present data evidence the relevance of the timing of a highly caloric and palatable meal for circadian synchrony and metabolic function.
Efficacy of Ultrasound-guided Radiofrequency Ablation of Parathyroid Hyperplasia: Single Session vs. Two-Session for Effect on Hypocalcemia
Authors: Zeng Zeng , Peng Cheng-Zhong , Liu Ji-Bin , Li Yi-Wen , He Hong-Feng , Hu Qiao-Hong , Lin Bo , Shen Xiao-Gang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTo evaluate safety and efficacy of one- vs. two-session radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of parathyroid hyperplasia for patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) and to compare the outcome of both methods on hypocalcemia. Patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism underwent ultrasound guided RFA of parathyroid hyperplasia. Patients were alternately assigned to either group 1 (n = 28) with RFA of all 4 glands in one session or group 2 (n = 28) with RFA of 2 glands in a first session and other 2 glands in a second session. Serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) values were measured at a series of time points after RFA. RFA parameters, including operation duration and ablation time and hospitalization length and cost, were compared between the two groups. Mean PTH decreased in group 1 from 1865.18 ± 828.93 pg/ml to 145.72 ± 119.27 pg/ml at 1 day after RFA and in group 2 from 2256.64 ± 1021.72 pg/ml to 1388.13 ± 890.15 pg/ml at 1 day after first RFA and to 137.26 ± 107.12 pg/ml at 1 day after second RFA. Group 1’s calcium level decreased to 1.79 ± 0.31 mmol/L at day 1 after RFA and group 2 decreased to 1.89 ± 0.26 mmol/L at day 1 after second session RFA (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that hypocalcemia was related to serum ALP. Patients with ALP ≥ 566 U/L had lower calcium compared to patients with ALP < 566 U/L up to a month after RFA (P < 0.05). Group 1’s RFA time and hospitalization were shorter and had lower cost compared with Group 2. US-guided RFA of parathyroid hyperplasia is a safe and effective method for treating secondary hyperparathyroidism. Single-session RFA was more cost-effective and resulted in a shorter hospital stay compared to two sessions. However, patients with two-session RFA had less hypocalcemia, especially those with high ALP.
Vertical nanowire III–V MOSFETs with improved high‐frequency gain
Authors: Kilpi O.‐P. , Hellenbrand M. , Svensson J. , Lind E. , Wernersson L.‐E. 
Published: April 2020

High‐frequency performance of vertical InAs/InGaAs heterostructure nanowire MOSFETs on Si is demonstrated for the first time for a gate‐last configuration. The device architecture allows highly asymmetric capacitances, which increases the power gain. A device with Lg = 120 nm demonstrates fT = 120 GHz, fmax = 130 GHz and maximum stable gain (MSG) = 14.4 dB at 20 GHz. These metrics demonstrate the state‐of‐the‐art performance of vertical nanowire MOSFETs.
Tidal Breathing Parameters Measured by Structured Light Plethysmography in Newborns: Is It Feasible in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit?
Authors: Dizdar Evrim Alyamac , Bozkaya Davut , Sari Fatma Nur , Beser Esra , Tayman Cuneyt , Oguz Serife Suna 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjective Structured light plethysmography (SLP) is a novel and noncontact respiratory assessment technique. It provides tidal breathing measurement in patients difficult to cooperate. In this study, we aimed to determine data for tidal breathing parameters measured by SLP in newborns.Study Design Infants between 2 and 5 days of life without having any respiratory symptoms were eligible for this observational study. In total, 5 minutes of tidal breathing was recorded using SLP (Thora-3Di, PneumaCare Ltd, Cambridge, U.K.) in each infant. Various tidal breathing parameters including timing indices, flow-based parameters, and regional parameters were obtained from SLP data.Results A total of 57 infants underwent measurements in the study. Evaluable recordings from 42 term and 11 late preterm infants were analyzed. Median gestational age and birthweight of the infants were 38 (37–39) weeks and 3,195 (2,790–3,585) g, respectively. In terms of flow-based parameters, “tidal inspiratory flow at 50% of inspiratory volume divided by tidal expiratory flow at 50% of expiratory volume” was 1.29 (1.13–1.53). Relative contribution of the thorax to each breath in percentage was measured as 38.67 (28.21–43.60). Median values of left–right hemithoracic asynchrony and thoraco-abdominal asynchrony were 6.92 (5.35–9.04) and 17.96 (12.98–36.44) degrees in the study population, respectively. There were no differences in tidal breathing parameters except “hemithoracic asynchrony” between term and late preterm infants. Hemithoracic asynchrony was significantly lower in term neonates than late preterms.Conclusion SLP was found to be feasible to obtain measures of tidal breathing parameters in newborns and it could be performed successfully even in the first days of life.
Media, public opinion and parliamentary agendas’ effect in political parties’ agenda-setting
Authors: Belchior Ana Maria 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Why do parties pay more attention to some policy issues than to others? To what extent does policy attention
conveyed by the media, public opinion, and parliament explain party agenda-setting? And, more specifically, to what extent does
the media agenda influence other agenda effects? This paper addresses these questions in an original manner by analyzing the
influence of these three agendas – media, public opinion, and parliament – in party manifesto elaboration. The analysis relies on
an extensive database of the Portuguese Policy Agendas Project that includes media attention, voter preferences, parliamentary
questions and pledges in manifestos, between 1995 and 2015. Our findings show that the media agenda is the most influential in
party manifesto elaboration, and that the other agendas have a stronger effect when the media also give attention to the issue.
This depends, however, on the political party being in cabinet or in opposition, as well as on the economic context. These
findings have important implications for party competition literature.
Interpreters’ perceived characteristics and perception of quality in interpreting
Authors: Cheung Andrew K. F. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study examined the link between listeners’ perceptions of the quality of interpretation and their beliefs about the interpreter. Two groups of Mandarin-speaking participants were shown a video of a speech by President Obama being interpreted into Mandarin Chinese by a non-native Mandarin-speaking interpreter. The participants in one group were shown a photo of a Chinese-looking man alongside the video and those in the other group were shown a photo of a non-Chinese-looking man. The quantitative results showed that those who believed they were listening to a non-Chinese interpreter judged the interpretation more positively than those who believed they were listening to a Chinese interpreter. The qualitative results showed that the participants in the non-Chinese condition attributed the non-native features of the interpretation to the interpreter’s being a foreigner, and that they naturally used the language competence of non-native speakers as the standard of comparison. In this case, the participants’ perceptions of quality could also be explained by the interpreter’s perceived association with a highly esteemed group in China, and his ability to interpret into Chinese generated a sense of national self-esteem among the participants. Overall, the findings show that factors other than the features identifiable in an interpretation can influence the perception of quality of interpretation.
Language variation in university classrooms
Authors: Csomay Eniko , Wu Siew Mei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCorpus-based university classroom discourse studies found differences in teaching as it relates to language use: discourse organization, levels of instruction and interactivity, and disciplinary differences in participant talk. These practices were primarily reported on US-based classrooms, while scholars with different foci looked at British university classrooms as well. However, a comparison of how discourse is organized in university classrooms in varying geographical contexts is still missing. The present study provides lexico-grammatical analyses of classroom discourse at a South-East Asian university as associations are made to the communicative and pedagogical functions in the discourse structure of lectures, and comparisons are made to a corpus of university classroom discourse from the US. Findings show differences in language use and associated discourse organizational patterns within three disciplinary areas (Humanities, Natural Sciences, and Engineering) as they are delivered in the two geographical contexts. Implications are discussed for register, disciplinary, and discourse structure studies.
Regularity and variation in Japanese recipes
Authors: Kaneyasu Michiko , Kuhara Minako 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the similarities and differences between three sub-registers of Japanese recipe texts: cookbook recipes, online commercial recipes written/edited by professionals, and online user-generated recipes. Past studies on Japanese recipes do not distinguish different sub-registers, and they tend to focus on a single feature. The present study of the sub-registers examines a group of frequently appearing linguistic features and uncovers functional links between observed features and situational characteristics. The comparative perspective contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of Japanese recipe language as well as universal and language-specific aspects of register variation. Shared traits among the three sub-registers are tied to the common topic of cooking and the central purpose of providing easy-to-follow food preparation instructions. Varied linguistic and textual features are motivated by different production circumstances, mediums, and relations among the participants. Professionally edited cookbook and online commercial recipes show a much higher uniformity in their grammatical features than unedited/self-edited user-generated recipes. Online sub-registers share a role of serving as a repository and reference center for numerous recipes and related information. Relationships among writers, readers, and other participants such as publishers and site organizers differ among all three sub-registers, resulting in some unique linguistic patterns.
A Dyadic Growth Modeling Approach for Examining Associations Between Weight Gain and Lung Function Decline
Authors: Cornelius Talea , Schwartz Joseph E , Balte Pallavi , Bhatt Surya P , Cassano Patricia A , Currow David , Jacobs David R , Johnson Miriam , Kalhan Ravi , Kronmal Richard , Loehr Laura , O’Connor George T , Smith Benjamin , White Wendy B , Yende Sachin , Oelsner Elizabeth C 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The relationship between body weight and lung function is complex. Using a dyadic multilevel linear modeling approach, treating body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)2) and lung function as paired, within-person outcomes, we tested the hypothesis that persons with more rapid increase in BMI exhibit more rapid decline in lung function, as measured by forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and their ratio (FEV1:FVC). Models included random intercepts and slopes and adjusted for sociodemographic and smoking-related factors. A sample of 9,115 adults with paired measurements of BMI and lung function taken at ≥3 visits were selected from a pooled set of 5 US population-based cohort studies (1983–2018; mean age at baseline = 46 years; median follow-up, 19 years). At age 46 years, average annual rates of change in BMI, FEV1, FVC, and FEV1:FVC ratio were 0.22 kg/m2/year, −25.50 mL/year, −21.99 mL/year, and −0.24%/year, respectively. Persons with steeper BMI increases had faster declines in FEV1 (r = −0.16) and FVC (r = −0.26) and slower declines in FEV1:FVC ratio (r = 0.11) (all P values &lt; 0.0001). Results were similar in subgroup analyses. Residual correlations were negative (P &lt; 0.0001), suggesting additional interdependence between BMI and lung function. Results show that greater rates of weight gain are associated with greater rates of lung function loss.
The self-styled ‘autonomy’ of international arbitration
Authors: Bermann George A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Among international legal regimes, international arbitration has traditionally claimed for itself a remarkable degree of autonomy from other international regimes, an autonomy that enables it to enjoy a remarkable measure of self-determination. Its assertions of autonomy take a number of different forms and exhibit considerable resilience. Autonomy does allow international arbitration to develop in accordance with norms that are specific to it, but it also poses challenges that need, even for international arbitration’s own well-being, to be acknowledged and addressed.
Toward Improving Interventions Against Toxoplasmosis by Identifying Routes of Transmission Using Sporozoite-specific Serological Tools
Authors: Milne Gregory , Webster Joanne P , Walker Martin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundHorizontal transmission of Toxoplasma gondii occurs primarily via ingestion of environmental oocysts or consumption of undercooked/raw meat containing cyst-stage bradyzoites. The relative importance of these 2 transmission routes remains unclear. Oocyst infection can be distinguished from bradyzoite infection by identification of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against T. gondii embryogenesis-related protein (TgERP). These antibodies are, however, thought to persist for only 6–8 months in human sera, limiting the use of TgERP serology to only those patients recently exposed to T. gondii. Yet recent serological survey data indicate a more sustained persistence of anti-TgERP antibodies. Elucidating the duration of anti-TgERP IgG will help to determine whether TgERP serology has epidemiological utility for quantifying the relative importance of different routes of T. gondii transmission.MethodsWe developed a serocatalytic mathematical model to capture the change in seroprevalence of non-stage-specific IgG and anti-TgERP IgG antibodies with human age. The model was fitted to published datasets collected in an endemic region of Brazil to estimate the duration of anti-TgERP IgG antibodies, accounting for variable age–force of infection profiles and uncertainty in the diagnostic performance of TgERP serology.ResultsWe found that anti-TgERP IgG persists for substantially longer than previously recognized, with estimates ranging from 8.3 to 41.1 years. The Brazilian datasets were consistent with oocysts being the predominant transmission route in these settings.ConclusionsThe longer than previously recognized duration of anti-TgERP antibodies indicates that anti-TgERP serology could be a useful tool for delineating T. gondii transmission routes in human populations. TgERP serology may therefore be an important epidemiological tool for informing the design of tailored, setting-specific public health information campaigns and interventions.
Affective practices in mid-18th-century German music-making: reflections on C. P. E. Bach’s advice to performers
Authors: Bania Maria , Skowroneck Tilman 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach stated that a musical performer ‘must of necessity be able to transport himself into all of the affections that he wants to arouse in his listeners’. As famous as this passage is, it still raises questions. Did Bach mean that performers must arouse and feel all the shifting affections of the music within their own bodies, or was he using a metaphor here? Were composers supposed to feel the affections in their music while they composed it, as Bach suggested? Was this demand specific to Bach alone, or was it a stock recommendation given by many mid-18th-century German music writers? This article explores similar recommendations in historical sources and describes how Bach’s strategy might be enacted by performers. In an ideal empfindsam concert, the listener’s sympathetic response to the music would have been reinforced by the physical manifestations of the performer’s affective state.