bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Ternary Graphene‐based Nanocomposite Modified Electrode for Acetaminophen Detection
Authors: Singh Manorama , Sahu Anjumala , Singh Puneet K. , Verma Fooleswar , Rai Ankita , Rai Vijai K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHerein, design and synthesis of ternary gold nanoparticles@ sulfourea‐functionalized reduced graphene oxide (Gold‐NPs@SFG) is reported. It involves interaction of ‘sulfourea’ to the graphene sheets via amidation of edged carboxyls of graphene oxide with N‐terminals of sulfourea followed by association of Gold‐NPs. Sulfourea not only reduced the graphene oxide but interestingly, it is functionalized to graphene sheets via carbodiimide covalent junctions, which gives it local effect to increase the active surface area and excellent electrocatalytic properties. The prepared nanocomposite was characterized with SEM, TEM, FTIR, Raman, XRD, XPS and CV. Gold‐NPs@SFG was found to be more efficient electrocatalyst for the electrocatalytic oxidation of a drug ‘Acetaminophen’ using differential pulse voltammetry and it was employed as a highly sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor for the quantification of ‘Acetaminophen’ with the detection limit of 0.09 μM in the wide linear range of 1.2 to 300 μM.
Electrocatalytic conversion of lithium polysulfides by highly dispersed ultrafine Mo2C nanoparticles on hollow N‐doped carbon flowers for Li‐S batteries
Authors: Razaq Rameez , Zhang Nana , Xin Ying , Li Qian , Wang Jin , Zhang Zhaoliang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe significant challenge in exploring novel nanostructured sulfur host materials for Li‐S batteries is to simultaneously mitigate the notorious shuttle effect and catalytically enhance the redox kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LPSs). Herein, a novel ultrafine Mo2C nanoparticles uniformly distributed on 2D nanosheet‐assembled 3D hollow nitrogen‐doped carbon flowers (HNCFs) is designed. The Mo2C/HNCFs architecture with unique flower‐like morphologies not only efficiently suppressed the aggregation of 2D nanosheets but also highly distributed the ultrafine Mo2C nanoparticles that act as catalytic active sites for efficient adsorption and conversion of LPSs. Furthermore, the 3D hierarchical arrangement can afford ample internal space to accommodate sulfur species, large volume expansion, 3D electron pathway, and physical/chemical blockage of LPSs to reduce the loss of active materials. The Mo2C/HNCFs composite exhibits a high rate capability, unprecedented capacity retention of 92% over 100 cycles at 0.5 C placing Mo2C/HNCFs one of the best LPSs adsorbents and electrocatalysts.
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Dynamic analysis of track nonlinear energy sinks subjected to simple and stochastice excitations
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Wang Bin , Wierschem Nicholas E. , Spencer Billie F. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryTrack nonlinear energy sinks (track NESs) have been shown to be an effective and applicable strategy to mitigate structural response in recent years. However, previous studies on track NESs has mainly focused on demonstrating the benefits of track NESs through numerical simulations and experiments, with relatively little attention paid to the analytical understanding of the unique dynamics of track NESs. This study analyzes the responses of a track NES when subjected to impulsive and harmonic excitations by the harmonic balance method. Special attention is given to the cause and effect of the peaking behavior that is a prominent characteristic of the track NES's restoring force–displacement relationship. Analytical results reveal that the special energy–frequency characteristics of track NESs can be, at times, utilized to enhance the energy robustness that is absent in the conventional cubic NESs. Based on the analytical response expression, an equivalent linearization method (ELM) for the track NESs is developed for stochastic analysis. This ELM is numerically validated on the systems with strong nonlinearities. Stochastic optimization built on the ELM is performed to obtain design parameters of the track NES that can lead to minimum response variances of the primary structure. In particular, the proposed optimization procedure can be applied to seismic optimum design in which the seismic excitations are modeled as filtered white‐noise ground motions. The analytical techniques provided in this study lay the groundwork for the practical implementation of track NESs as a robust and effective control strategy for engineering structures.
Channel and vegetation recovery from dredging of a large river in the Gulf coastal plain, USA
Authors: Mossa Joann , Chen Yin‐Hsuen , Kondolf G. Mathias , Walls Scott Porter 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAnthropogenic impacts in large rivers are widely studied, but studies of recovery once a disturbance has stopped are uncommon. This study examines the biogeomorphic recovery of a 40‐km river corridor on the mid‐Apalachicola River, Florida following the cessation of dredging, disposal, and snag removal in 2002. This failed navigation project resulted in vegetation losses (~166 ha between 1941 and 2004), river widening, and increased point bar areas. We used paired sets of imagery for a 10‐year period during the recovery process at two different flow levels to assess sand bar change, land cover change, and their spatial variations.Most large sand bars decreased significantly in area due to growth of pioneer species, typically from the bankside of the bar. Mean bar area shrank 0.17 and 0.20 ha for the 30th and 1st percentile flows, respectively. For the entire study area, both water‐level comparisons showed gains in vegetation (23.36 and 15.83 ha), compensated by losses in the extent of water (16.83 and 8.55 ha) and sand bar losses (6.53 and 7.28 ha). Overall, these gains during the 10‐year passive recovery period are equivalent to ~15% of the vegetation losses that resulted from the navigational dredging.As found in other studies, most of the pioneer vegetation grew approximately 2 m relative elevation above the low‐water surface. The initial length of the tree line and the area of herbaceous growth both had a significant and positive relationship with the area of new vegetation growth over the study interval. As parts of the river are healing, reduced channel capacity from narrowing and tree growth will benefit the floodplain. As elsewhere, understanding of a river's biogeomorphology, hydrology, and disturbance history can help in selecting appropriate recovery metrics to further advance the understanding and management of disturbed floodplains. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Formalin Fixation on Trace Element Concentrations in Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Tissues
Authors: McCormack Meaghan A. , Jackson Brian P. , Dutton Jessica 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Odontocetes are considered ideal sentinel species to monitor environmental trace element concentrations. Although frozen tissues are preferable for trace element analysis, formalin-fixed tissues are often the only samples available; however, it is uncertain whether formalin fixation alters tissue trace element concentrations. To explore whether formalin-fixed tissues could be utilized for toxicology studies, concentrations of 14 trace elements (arsenic [As], cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, mercury, manganese, nickel, lead, selenium, tin, vanadium, and zinc [Zn]) were measured in frozen and formalin-fixed bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) tissues following short-term (6 wk; tissues: blubber, liver, and lung) and long-term preservation (3–7 yr; tissues: blubber, brain, kidney, liver, lung, and skin) using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Following both short-term and long-term preservation, there were significant differences in tissue trace element concentrations between preservation methods. Some trace elements were found in greater concentrations in frozen tissues compared with formalin-fixed tissues, suggesting leaching (e.g., mean As concentrations were between 1.4 and 7.6 times greater in frozen tissues). In contrast, other trace elements were found in greater concentrations in formalin-fixed tissues compared with frozen tissues, suggesting contamination (e.g., mean Zn concentrations were up to 8.7 times higher in some formalin-fixed tissues). Our results suggest that it may be possible to account for the effects of formalin fixation for some trace elements, but leaching and contamination should be carefully considered. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1149–1164. © 2020 SETAC
Epigenetic regulation for acquiring glial identity by neural stem cells during cortical development
Authors: Nakagawa Takumi , Wada Yoshikuni , Katada Sayako , Kishi Yusuke 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe nervous system consists of several hundred neuronal subtypes and glial cells that show specific gene expression and are generated from common ancestors, neural stem cells (NSCs). As the experimental techniques and molecular tools to analyze epigenetics and chromatin structures are rapidly advancing, the comprehensive events and genome‐wide states of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin accessibility in developing NSCs are gradually being unveiled. Here, we review recent advances in elucidating the role of epigenetic and chromatin regulation in NSCs, especially focusing on the acquisition of glial identity and how epigenetic regulation enables the temporal regulation of NSCs during murine cortical development.
In vivo silencing of miR‐125a‐3p promotes myelin repair in models of white matter demyelination
Authors: Marangon Davide , Boda Enrica , Parolisi Roberta , Negri Camilla , Giorgi Corinna , Montarolo Francesca , Perga Simona , Bertolotto Antonio , Buffo Annalisa , Abbracchio Maria P. , Lecca Davide 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the last decade, microRNAs have been increasingly recognized as key modulators of glial development. Recently, we identified miR‐125a‐3p as a new player in oligodendrocyte physiology, regulating in vitro differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Here, we show that miR‐125a‐3p is upregulated in active lesions of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and in OPCs isolated from the spinal cord of chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice, but not in those isolated from the spontaneously remyelinating corpus callosum of lysolecithin‐treated mice. To test whether a sustained expression of miR‐125a‐3p in OPCs contribute to defective remyelination, we modulated miR‐125a‐3p expression in vivo and ex vivo after lysolecithin‐induced demyelination. We found that lentiviral over‐expression of miR‐125a‐3p impaired OPC maturation, whereas its downregulation accelerated remyelination. Transcriptome analysis and luciferase reporter assay revealed that these effects are partly mediated by the direct interaction of miR‐125a‐3p with Slc8a3, a sodium–calcium membrane transporter, and identified novel candidate targets, such as Gas7, that we demonstrated necessary to correctly address oligodendrocytes to terminal maturation. These findings show that miR‐125a‐3p upregulation negatively affects OPC maturation in vivo, suggest its role in the pathogenesis of demyelinating diseases and unveil new targets for future promyelinating protective interventions.
A toolbox for brain network construction and classification (BrainNetClass)
Authors: Zhou Zhen , Chen Xiaobo , Zhang Yu , Hu Dan , Qiao Lishan , Yu Renping , Yap Pew‐Thian , Pan Gang , Zhang Han , Shen Dinggang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBrain functional network has been increasingly used in understanding brain functions and diseases. While many network construction methods have been proposed, the progress in the field still largely relies on static pairwise Pearson's correlation‐based functional network and group‐level comparisons. We introduce a “Brain Network Construction and Classification (BrainNetClass)” toolbox to promote more advanced brain network construction methods to the filed, including some state‐of‐the‐art methods that were recently developed to capture complex and high‐order interactions among brain regions. The toolbox also integrates a well‐accepted and rigorous classification framework based on brain connectome features toward individualized disease diagnosis in a hope that the advanced network modeling could boost the subsequent classification. BrainNetClass is a MATLAB‐based, open‐source, cross‐platform toolbox with both graphical user‐friendly interfaces and a command line mode targeting cognitive neuroscientists and clinicians for promoting reliability, reproducibility, and interpretability of connectome‐based, computer‐aided diagnosis. It generates abundant classification‐related results from network presentations to contributing features that have been largely ignored by most studies to grant users the ability of evaluating the disease diagnostic model and its robustness and generalizability. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the toolbox on real resting‐state functional MRI datasets. BrainNetClass (v1.0) is available at https://github.com/zzstefan/BrainNetClass.
An improved weighted fuzzy CREAM model for quantifying human reliability in subway construction: Modeling, validation, and application
Authors: Wang Ning , Du Xiuli , Zhang Mingju , Xu Chengshun , Lu Xinyue 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOn construction sites, there are many catastrophic accidents induced by human error. The fuzzy cognitive reliability and error analysis method (CREAM) is an effective method for assessing human error hazards in such a context. However, deficiencies regarding the aspects of reasonably considering the input weight, evaluation of common performance conditions (CPCs), and the rule‐based approach for fuzzy illation are frequently encountered. This paper provides an improved weighted fuzzy CREAM model. First, the reasonable weight of the CPCs is obtained by using multiple correlation analysis and evidence theory. Second, the specific evaluation rules for CPCs are established based on Chinese codes, and the membership function for each CPC level is obtained by a statistical method. The discrete basic diagram for the control mode is then transformed into a continuous fuzzy rule‐based model. On that basis, the rationality and reliability of the model are verified by four axioms. The method that introduces the weights into the calculation of the expected effects of CPCs and the reasoning of human error probability (HEP) can help evaluate the effectiveness of CPCs on human performance. The model is sensitive to the minor alterations of CPC scores and weights; the sufficiency of the data utilization and the solution domain are also verified. An exemplified application shows the rationality and validity of the new weighted fuzzy CREAM for shield tunneling human reliability analysis. This model also provides essential HEP data that can be used in hazard analysis in other engineering fields.
Application of Octacalcium Phosphate with an Innovative Household-scale Defluoridator Prototype and Behavioral Determinants of its Adoption in Rural Communities of the East African Rift Valley
Authors: Idini Alfredo , Frau Franco , Gutierrez Luciano , Dore Elisabetta , Nocella Giuseppe , Ghiglieri Giorgio 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Natural fluoride contamination of drinking water is a serious issue that affects several countries of the world. Its negative health impact is well documented in the East African Rift Valley, where water consumption with fluoride (F−) concentration greater than 1.5 mg/L can cause fluorosis to people. Within the framework of the European Union (EU) Horizon 2020 FLOWERED project, we first designed an effective defluoridation device based on innovative application of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) and then explored its acceptance within rural communities. The prototype (FLOWERED Defluoridator Device [FDD]) essentially is composed of a 20-L tank and a recirculating pump that guarantees the interaction between water and OCP. The device is powered by a car battery for a fixed pumping working time using a fixed amount of OCP for every defluoridation cycle. The results of tests performed in the rural areas of Tanzania show that a standardized use of the prototype can lower the dissolved F− from an initial concentration of 21 mg/L to below the World Health Organization (WHO) drinkable limit of 1.5 mg/L in 2 h without secondary negative effects on water quality. The approximate cost of this device is around US$220, whereas that of OCP is about $0.03/L of treated water. As with any device, acceptance requires a behavioral change on behalf of rural communities that needed to be investigated. To this end, we piloted a survey to explore how psychological and socioeconomic factors influence the consumption of fluoride-free water. Results show that the adoption of FDD and OCP is more appealing to members of the rural communities who are willing to pay more and have a high consumption of water. Moreover, we suggest that given the low level of knowledge about fluorosis diseases, the government should introduce educational programs to make rural communities aware of the negative health consequences. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:856–870. © 2020 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)
QSAR Use in REACH Analyses of Alternatives to Predict Human Health and Environmental Toxicity of Alternative Chemical Substances
Authors: Chinen Kazue , Malloy Timothy 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In 2006, the European Union (EU) enacted the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) to address growing concerns of hazardous chemicals in the EU market. Under REACH, companies seeking authorization to use priority substances identified as substances of very high concern (SVHCs) and included in the authorization list must apply and submit health and environmental effects data in analyses of alternatives (AoAs) to the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). To assess safer alternatives, especially in AoA hazard assessment cases where vital information could be missing or insufficient, quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) nontesting methods have gained increasing acceptance and importance. This article assesses AoA applicants' use of QSAR sources and documentation while looking for meaningful trends. In this assessment, usage and frequency of QSAR sources were evaluated in 189 analyses of alternatives for 15 physicochemical properties and 19 human health and environmental endpoints to determine the scope of purpose of QSAR use in AoAs. We found that only 24 out of 189 applications cited QSAR sources to rank or evaluate the safety of their alternative substances relative to the REACH Annex XIV chemical. For human health and environmental hazard endpoints, applicants cited the Danish (Q)SAR Database (n = 63) and unidentified QSARs (n = 36) most frequently. While QSARs were not used to eliminate an alternative, 7.9% and 1.4% per maximum opportunity (MOP) of hazard endpoint and physicochemical QSAR predictions reported background information on alternatives using weight of evidence (WoE). In addition, 3.0% per MOP of hazard endpoint QSAR predictions supported the safety of the alternative while 0.7% per MOP of physicochemical QSAR predictions gave mixed support for their alternative's safety. Documentation regarding QSARs was absent in all 24 AoAs that used QSARs. Limited QSAR use and missing documentation may be the result of several factors, including inconsistent regulatory guidance. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:745–760. © 2020 SETAC
Pyrrole Functionalization by Copper‐Catalyzed Nitrene Transfer Reactions
Authors: Rodríguez Anabel M. , Rodríguez Manuel R. , Díaz‐Requejo M. Mar , Pérez Pedro J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe catalytic functionalization of pyrroles by incorporation of a nitrene group is reported. The Cα‐H bond of 1H‐pyrrole is amidated upon the formal insertion of the NTs (Ts=p‐toluenesulfonyl) group catalyzed by TpBr3Cu(NCMe) (TpBr3=hydrotris(3,4,5‐tribromo‐pyrazolyl)borate). N‐substituted pyrroles also verify the same transformation. The mechanism proposal is similar to that previously described for benzene amidation with the same catalyst and PhI=NTs, which takes place through aziridine formation, ring opening and 1,2‐hydrogen shift. A cascade reaction involving the coupling of 2,5‐dimethylfuran, 1,2,3‐trimethyl‐pyrrole and a nitrene NTs group is also described, leading to a 1,2‐dihydropyridine‐imine compound.
The role of attribute selection in Deep ANNs learning framework for high‐frequency financial trading
Authors: Aloud Monira Essa 
Published: March 2020

SUMMARYIn financial trading, technical and quantitative analysis tools are used for the development of decision support systems. Although these traditional tools are useful, new techniques in the field of machine learning have been developed for time‐series forecasting. This paper analyses the role of attribute selection on the development of a simple deep‐learning ANN (D‐ANN) multi‐agent framework to accomplish a profitable trading strategy in the course of a series of trading simulations in the foreign exchange market. The paper evaluates the performance of the D‐ANN multi‐agent framework over different time spans of high‐frequency (HF) intraday asset time‐series data and determines how a set of the framework attributes produces effective forecasting for profitable trading. The paper shows the existence of predictable short‐term price trends in the market time series, and an understanding of the probability of price movements may be useful to HF traders. The results of this paper can be used to further develop financial decision‐support systems and autonomous trading strategies for the financial market.
A competition between hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions in protein–ligand systems. Binding of heterogeneously halogenated benzotriazoles by the catalytic subunit of human protein kinase CK2
Authors: Kasperowicz Sławomir , Marzec Ewa , Maciejewska Agnieszka M. , Trzybiński Damian , Bretner Maria , Woźniak Krzysztof , Poznański Jarosław , Mieczkowska Kinga 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA series of chlorine‐substituted benzotriazole derivatives, representing all possible substitution patterns of halogen atoms attached to the benzotriazole benzene ring, were synthetized as potential inhibitors of human protein kinase CK2. Basic ADME parameters for the free solutes (hydrophobicity, electronic properties) together with their binding affinity to the catalytic subunit of protein kinase CK2 were determined with reverse‐phase HPLC, spectrophotometric titration, and Thermal Shift Assay Method, respectively. The analysis of position‐dependent thermodynamic contribution of a chlorine atom attached to the benzotriazole ring confirmed the previous observation for brominated benzotriazoles, in which substitution at positions 5 and 6 with bromine was found crucial for ligand binding. In all tested halogenated benzotriazoles the replacement of Br with Cl decreases the hydrophobicity, while the electronic properties remain virtually unaffected. Supramolecular architecture identified in the just resolved crystal structures of three of the four possible dichloro‐benzotriazoles shows how substitution distant from the triazole ring affects the pattern of intermolecular interactions. Summarizing, the benzotriazole benzene ring substitution pattern has been identified as the main driver of ligand binding, predominating the non‐specific hydrophobic effect.