bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Five Sources of Contingency for Dispositionalism
Authors: Paolini Paoletti Michele 
Published: January 2020

AbstractLaw dispositionalism is the doctrine according to which laws of nature are grounded on powers/dispositions. In this article, I shall examine how certain laws of nature can turn out to be contingent on this view. First of all, I shall distinguish between two versions of law dispositionalism (i. e. a weak and a strong one) and I shall also single out two further theses that may be conjoined with it (i. e. strong and weak dispositional essentialism). I shall also single out four different sorts of laws of nature. Afterwards, I shall examine five sources of contingency for law dispositionalism: the contingent existence of the relevant entities involved in the laws; the contigent activation, background and possession conditions of the powers at stake; the presence of contingent constants in the laws; the presence of indeterministic powers; the presence of powers that are not essential to the entities involved in the laws.
Entre a finitude e a autenticidade: o ser-para-a-morte como indicativo de uma existência autêntica em “A morte de Ivan Ilitch”, de Liev Tolstói
Authors: Santos da Silva Rafael Lucas 
Published: January 2020

O artigo propõe uma hipótese de leitura da narrativa “A morte de Ivan Ilitch” (1886), do escritor russo Liev Tolstói (1828-1910), a partir da analítica ontológica heideggeriana. Com base, especialmente, na categoria ser-para- -a-morte, exposta na obra Ser e Tempo (1927), focaliza-se a trajetória problemática da biografia de Ivan Ilitch, com o objetivo de demonstrar que o discurso narrativo desta novela encontra-se sobredeterminado pelas instâncias discursivas da finitude e autenticidade, que se articulam de maneira orgânica e formam um esquema estético reflexivo sobre a consciência da finitude representar ao sujeito o enriquecimento axiológico de seu processo existencial. Diante dessa análise hermenêutico-fenomenológica, a abordagem da biografia do personagem Ivan Ilitch, como sujeito que morreu sem lograr uma singularidade autêntica, permitiu-nos discorrer acerca da vulnerabilidade do sentido da existência e a negação da finitude presente tanto no discurso ficcional quanto no processo histórico-social.*** Between the finitude and the authencity: the being-to-death as manifestation of an authentic existence in “The death of Ivan Ilitch”, by Leo Tolstoy ***The article proposes a hypothesis of reading the narrative “The Death of Ivan Ilitch” (1886), by the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy (1828-1910), based on the Heideggerian ontological analysis. Based mainly on the being-to-death category, exposed in the work Being and Time (1927), the problematic trajectory of Ivan Ilitch’s biography is focused, with the objective of demonstrating that the narrative discourse of this novel is, overdetermined by the discursive instances of finitude and authenticity, which articulate in an organic way, and form a reflexive aesthetic scheme on the consciousness of finitude representing to the subject the axiological enrichment of its existential process. In view of this hermeneutic-phenomenological analysis, Ivan Ilitch’s biographical approach, as subject that died without achieving an authentic singularity, allowed us to talk about the vulnerability of the meaning of existence and the denial of finitude present in both fictional discourse and the historical-social process.Keywords: Russian Literature; Finitude; Authenticity; Being-to-death.
La figura del profesorado-investigador en la reconstrucción de la profesionalidad docente en un mundo en transformación
Authors: Reis-Jorge José , Ferreira Marco , Olcina-Sempere Gustau 
Published: January 2020

La implicación del profesorado de primaria y de secundaria[1]1 como investigadores de su práctica docente, considerada objeto de discusión a lo largo de varias décadas, constituye una práctica cada vez más importante en el mundo actual. Los resultados de la investigación sobre el conocimiento y el desarrollo profesional del profesorado apuntan a la importancia de la construcción de nuevos conocimientos, en respuesta a los diferentes desafíos y necesidades impuestos por la complejidad de los contextos educativos. Existe un amplio consenso por parte de los que defienden la implicación del profesorado como investigadores como una estrategia de toma de decisiones basada en la evidencia, la evaluación e innovación de las prácticas. Sin embargo, parece que existe menos consenso en relación con el concepto del papel de docente-investigador/a, así como en los contextos y formas de participación del profesorado como investigador. En este artículo, tenemos como objetivo reflexionar sobre el papel y las perspectivas actuales del profesorado-investigador en cuanto reconstructor de la profesionalidad docente, teniendo como base un marco conceptual formado por lo que designamos los pilares de la arquitectura educativa en el mundo actual. Esta reflexión nos permite concluir que la adopción por parte del profesorado de una actitud investigadora sobre la práctica, debe ser fundamentalmente un proceso sistemático de reflexión y crítica sobre la eficacia de su trabajo, no teniendo necesariamente que obedecer a la rigidez de los criterios tradicionales de la investigación académica.
[1] Este artículo está orientado en el profesorado de primaria y de secundaria, y no incluye al profesorado de educación superior. A lo largo del artículo se usa el término profesorado para referirse a docentes de primaria y secundaria.
Earthquake Source Parameters in Southwestern China and Their Rheological Implications
Authors: Wang Qingdong , Chu Risheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEarthquake depth distribution provides key information on rheological behavior of the crust, which usually shows a brittle–ductile transition at a depth of about 10 km. In this study, we use the generalized cut-and-paste method to obtain source parameters of 571 earthquakes in the Sichuan–Yunnan region of China between 2009 and 2017. We were able to successfully determine focal mechanisms, moment magnitudes, and centroid depths of 536 earthquakes with a minimum moment magnitude of 3.2. Our moment magnitudes and centroid depths are systematically smaller than the magnitudes (Ms and mb) and hypocenter depths from the China Earthquake Network Center and International Seismological Centre catalogs for M≥4.0 earthquakes. The earthquake depths in the Sichuan–Yunnan region are mostly in a 5–9 km range, with an average at 7.6 km. About 23% earthquakes have centroid depths &lt;5  km and are concentrated in the southern Sichuan basin. Only very few earthquakes are deeper than 19 km. Compared with the earthquake depth distribution in southern California, the Sichuan–Yunnan region has many shallower earthquakes. The depth distribution suggests that the brittle–ductile transition in the Sichuan–Yunnan region is shallower than the transition beneath southern California, which is probably due to the existence of newborn faults in the Sichuan–Yunnan region.
Joaquim Pintassilgo e Luís Alberto Alves. Roteiros da Inovação Pedagógica: Escolas e experiências de referência em Portugal no século XX
Authors: Vilhena Carla 
Published: January 2020

A obra é o resultado do projeto de investigação que teve como principal objetivo, tal como é descrito por Joaquim Pintassilgo no primeiro capítulo, o mapeamento de um conjunto amplo de escolas e experiências inovadoras, diferentes ou alternativas que se desenvolveram em Portugal ao longo do século XX.
A comparative cross sectional study on relationship between thyroid profile and anthropometric measurements
Authors: Bhat Raghavendra , Katta Subraya Prakash Rao , C. Ramachandra Bhat 
Published: January 2020

Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally and one of the important factors associated with obesity is thought to be thyroid dysfunction. The objective of the present study was to find the incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism in overweight and obese individuals and to assess the relationship between the TSH levels and anthropometric parameters.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 100 adults attending the hospital selected by a systematic random sampling method. Standard protocols were used to assess the laboratory and anthropometric parameters. Written informed consent was taken from the subjects and institutional ethical clearance was obtained before starting the study. Results: Of the 42% males and 58% females who were studied, 24% of the subjects had a BMI more than 24.99. 6% and 2% of the study subjects were having subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism respectively. There was a significant association between hypothyroidism and increased BMI values, waist circumference and waist hip ratio. Conclusions: A highly significant association was found between the serum TSH levels and the Body Mass Index, Waist circumference and Waist Hip ratio. The mean TSH levels were higher in the obese when compared to normal subjects.
Utilización de biosorbentes para la remoción de níquel y plomo en sistemas binarios.
Authors: Tejada C. , Herrera A. , Ruiz E. 
Published: January 2020

La adsorción de Pb(II) y Ni(II) sobre cáscaras de ñame y bagazo de palma fue sistemáticamente estudiada en sistema individual y binario. Los estudios fueron realizados en sistemas batch, fijando los valores de pH y tamaño de partícula. Todas las mediciones de los metales en solución fueron hechas por absorción atómica. Se encontró que, en sistema individual, el equilibrio de adsorción siguió el modelo de Langmuir y Freundlich para ambos metales, alcanzando para las cáscaras de ñame una capacidad máxima de adsorción de 362,45 para el níquel y 68,14 mg/g para el plomo. En el caso del bagazo de palma, se estimó una capacidad de adsorción de 162,64 mg/g para el níquel y 90,28 mg/g para el plomo. En sistema binario, se observó un efecto antagónico para la acción combinada de los metales, aunque la remoción de plomo se vio significativamente incrementada en las cáscaras de ñame cuando se encontraba en solución acusa con el níquel.
Hidrogenación electrocatalítica de oleato de metilo y linoleato de metilo con titanio recubierto con sistemas tipo Ni/SnO(x).
Authors: Salinas A. S. , Gutiérrez J. V. , Larmat G. F. E. , Ramírez-Sanabria A. E. 
Published: January 2020

Expone los resultados de la hidrogenación electrocatalítica (HEC) de los ésteres metílicos de los ácidoslinoleico y oleico. El primer parámetro estudiado fue el potencial de electrólisis en el cual se generael hidrógeno activo mediante voltametría cíclica, estableciéndose en -600 mV. Los electrocatalizadoresempleados a base de titanio recubiertos con sistemas de níquel soportado sobre óxidos de estaño (II) y(IV) mostraron diferente comportamiento hacia los diversos substratos estudiados. El sistema con óxido de estaño (II) fue más activo hacia la hidrogenación de oleato de metilo, y el sistema con óxido de estaño (IV) resultó más activo frente a la hidrogenación de linoleato de metilo.
Evolución cosmológica de un modelo de energía oscura con interacción no lineal.
Authors: Oliveros García A. 
Published: January 2020

En este trabajo consideramos un modelo holográfico de energía oscura junto con una interacción no lineal nentre la componente de energía oscura y la de materia oscura en un universo plano tipo FRW. En este contexto, se analiza la evolución cosmológica del universo teniendo en cuenta el comportamiento de los parámetros de desaceleración q y de la ecuación de estado wΛ. A partir de este análisis se deduce que el universo presenta una fase de expansión acelerada en tiempos tardíos. Se observa también que en este escenario la densidad de energía oscura presenta una singularidad tipo Big Rip en el futuro. Finalmente, comparamos el modelo con los datos disponibles actualmente para H(z).
Aspectos poéticos e retóricos na composição do enredo da narrativa histórica da Etnomatemática
Authors: Marchon Fabio Lennon , Fantinato Maria Cecília 
Published: January 2020

Este artigo apresenta um recorte da tese de doutorado defendida pelo primeiro autor deste trabalho, orientado pelo segundo autor, e trata dos aspectos literários/poéticos e retóricos do texto assinado por Ubiratan D’Ambrosio. Investigam-se os modos como D’Ambrosio conta histórias da História, especialmente no contexto da sua produção escrita em Etnomatematica. Busca-se evidenciar algumas das estratégias discursivas empregadas pelo escritor/autor ao compor os enredos (intrigas) das suas historias. A metodologia da pesquisa buscou na Hermenêutica narratológica ricoeuriana suas bases analíticas e interpretativas, sendo a composição do enredo/intriga o fio condutor da tarefa empreendida. As narrativas históricas elaboradas por D’Ambrosio, no plano do texto, efetuam um entrecruzamento referencial entre a representação factual dos fatos e a ficcionalização da História.
Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Tasawuf Modern Hamka Dan Tasawuf Transformatif Kontemporer
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi , Jannah Miftahol 
Published: January 2020

The concept of character education in Hamka's modern mysticism, including sincerity, fear, zuhud, and resignation. Sincerity requires the existence of siddiq and a sense of fear of fear that exists in humans, put only on God, namely fear because of the doom, torment and wrath of Allah. The character of zuhud is born as a manifestation of faith. Tawakkal is interpreted as a form of submission of decisions of every human endeavor and effort only to Allah SWT. Approach in character education, Hamka offers a trilogy of the concept of Sufism trilogy, namely takhalli, tahalli, and tajalli. Takhalli, is self-liberation from despicable qualities. Tahalli, is the stage of filling and decorating yourself with commendable attitudes. Tajalli is an appreciation of the divine sense or in Hamka's terms, "God looks in the heart. While the concept of character education in contemporary transformative Sufism shows the enthusiasm for returning to a more positive form and purity of religious teachings which in general is an actual form of religious style of the urban community. Achievements to be addressed by contemporary transformative mysticism, including: closeness with God, the presence of God in muraqabah, and became al-Insan al-Kamil.
Evaluation of the radiopacity of selected calcium-silicate root canal sealers
Authors: Reszka Przemysław , Grocholewicz Katarzyna , Droździk Agnieszka , Lipski Mariusz 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction: International standards require adequate radi-opacity of root canal filling materials to distinguish them from natural structures, such as tooth tissues, and to allow evaluation of the quality of the root canal filling.
The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the radiopacity of selected calcium-silicate root canal sealers compared with the resin-based AH Plus root canal sealer.

Materials and methods: The study included 6 root canal sealers: BioRoot RCS, GuttaFlow bioseal, MTA Fillapex, Total Fill BC Sealer, Well-Root ST and AH Plus. Six disc-shaped samples were prepared from all analysed materials (4 mm in diameter and 1 mm thick) and analysed using a digital radiography technique and aluminium step wedges (1.5–15 mm thick) as a standard reference.
The radiopacity was determined using computer image analysis. The data was statistically analysed using a Tukey’s range test.

Results: All root canal sealers showed radiopacity at least corresponding to the 3 mm aluminium step wedge. AH Plus (13.23 mm Al) showed the highest radiopacity, followed by Total Fill BC Sealer (7.93 mm Al), Well-Root ST (7.12 mm Al), BioRoot RCS (5.93 mm Al) and GuttaFlow bioseal (5.08 mm Al). MTA Fillapex (3.02 mm Al) showed the lowest radiopacity.

Conclusions: Although the evaluated root canal sealers show different radiopacities, all the materials met the criteria laid down by the International Organization of Standardization.
The role of oat products in the prevention and therapy of type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and obesity
Authors: Janda Katarzyna , Orłowska Anna , Watychowicz Katarzyna , Jakubczyk Karolina 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A healthy diet, of which unrefined grain products are an essential element, is crucial to maintaining health and well-being. Both oats and oat products have been used for centuries and are a widely popular dietary component. They are rich in nutrients, vitamins and minerals, as well as other biologically active compounds, which gives them many health-promoting properties. Because of their high nutritional value, these products are widely used in many branches of industry.
The aim of this article is to present the current body of knowledge about the influence of oat products on human health, and also their industrial applications. A special emphasis is placed on the relationship between the intake of products made from oats and the development and treatment of such disorders as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and excess body weight. There are many scientific reports indicating that the incorporation of oat products into the diet is associated with beneficial effects in the context of the above conditions, notably due to the high content of water-soluble dietary fibre, particularly β-glucans, which deserve special recognition. According to the body of academic literature, high consumption of the latter is linked to enhanced glycemic control, reduction in blood cholesterol and may also contribute to weight loss in overweight and obesity. For these reasons, oat products deserve special attention and should be recommended for both prophylactic and therapeutic use in metabolic disorders.
Effect of whole-body cryotherapy treatments on the functional state of patients with MS (multiple sclerosis) in a Timed 25-Foot Walk Test and Hand Grip Strength Test
Authors: Lubkowska Anna , Radecka Aleksandra , Knyszyńska Anna , Łuczak Joanna 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) is one of the main elements of comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). It is used both to improve the mental and physical condition of patients.
The study attempts to assess the effect of a series of 20 daily WBC treatments on global walking function and muscle strength in patients with MS.

Materials and methods: The study included 25 patients with diagnosed MS (ICD10-G35), mean age 44.58 ±12.15 years, who after a detailed medical examination were qualified to a series of 20 daily WBC treatments. Treatments lasted 2–3 min at -110°C. Before and after the series of WBC treatments, all subjects were tested for global hand grip and thumb strength using a hydraulic dynamometer (kg) for both the right and the left hands, as well as measuring the time needed to walk a distance of 7.6 metres, in accordance with the Timed 25-Foot Walk Test, a standardised diagnostic test recommended for the global assessment of walking function by the National Multiple Sclerosis Society. The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis.

Results: After the series of WBC treatments, a marginal but statistically significant increase in thumb strength was observed in the right hand (p < 0.01). Other changes in the value of hand-grip and thumb strength were not statistically significant. In addition, there were no statistically significant changes in the average time needed to cover the walking distance of 7.6 metres.

Conclusions: The series of 20 daily WBC treatments for patients with MS did not significantly improve global walking function, although a beneficial effect on the thumb strength of the right hand was observed.
The sense of coherence, social support and quality of life among patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Bieńkowski Jakub , Rudnik Agata , Bidzan Mariola 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic digestive system conditions which significantly influence the everyday life of patients. Exhausting intestinal discomfort might cause a strong feeling of distress and lowers the quality of life. This study was based on the question: how are the sense of coherence, social support, socio-demographic variables and the duration of disease related to the quality of life of individuals suffering from IBD?

Materials and methods: Thirty-nine individuals suffering from IBD were examined: 21 with ulcerative colitis, 17 with Crohn’s disease and 1 with microscopic colitis. The participants completed a socio-demographic survey, and Life Orientation Questionnaire (SOC-29) and Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS) questionnaires.
The quality of life was examined by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Gastric (FACT-Ga) questionnaire.

Results: The overall rate of the sense of coherence with its components and the available instrumental and emotional support was found to be significantly connected to the patients’ quality of life. The level of education differentiated the examined patients in terms of the quality of life.

Conclusions: Psychological resources can play a significant role in the assessment of the impact of chronic disease on patients’ everyday life. It is important to focus on their importance in raising the quality of life of the patients.
Antioxidant activity of St. John’s Wort extracts obtained with ultrasound-assisted extraction
Authors: Muzykiewicz Anna , Florkowska Katarzyna , Nowak Anna , Zielonka-Brzezicka Joanna , Klimowicz Adam 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction: St. John’s Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) is a plant from the Hypericaceae family commonly occurring in Europe, Asia, Africa and North America. It is used for medical purposes, for example in depression, viral or bacterial diseases, as well as diseases of the digestive system. St. John’s Wort is a source of hypericin as well as flavonoids useful to reduce the harmful effects of free radical action.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of H. perforatum.

Materials and methods: St. John’s Wort extracts were prepared in ethanol, methanol and isopropanol (each of 40%, 70% (v/v) and undiluted) and in water, with ultrasound-assisted extraction. Plant samples were extracted for 15, 30 and 60 min, and the antioxidant potentials of the extracts evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) aand ferric reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP).

Results: All the extracts showed antioxidant activity. In the case of the DPPH evaluation, the results ranged 2.42–4.37 mg trolox/g of raw material, which corresponds to 53.89–91.98% radical scavenging activity (RSA). The highest results were obtained for samples extracted for 60 min, with the antioxidant activity of most of them above 4.00 mg trolox/g of raw material. In the case of FRAP evaluation, the reducing power of the extracts ranged 1.40–37.82 mg FeSO4/g of raw material, with the highest results found for samples prepared in undiluted methanol. In contrast, the antioxidant capacity of the aqueous extracts was low.

Conclusions: St. John’s Wort herb showed high antioxidant activity. In most cases, higher potentials were found for the extracts prepared in undiluted alcohols. The type of solvent used and the extraction time influenced the antioxidant properties of the extracts.