bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensing form - finger gaiting as key to tactile object exploration: A data glove analysis of a prototypical daily task
Authors: Krammer Werner , Missimer John H. , Habegger Simon , Pastore-Wapp Manuela , Wiest Roland , Weder Bruno J. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Motor hand skill with associated dexterity is an important facility in meeting the challenges of daily activity and an important resource post-stroke. In this context, the present study investigated the finger movements of right-handed subjects during tactile manipulation of a cuboid, a prototypical component of tactile exploration. Methods For both hands of 22 subjects, we acquired the time series of consecutive multifinger cuboid manipulations using a digital data glove consisting of 29 sensors. Of these, 16 recorded the bending of metacarpo-phalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints of the fingers, MCP and interphalangeal IP joints of the thumb, palm arch and carpo-metacarpal (CMC) joint of the thumb, and abduction between fingers. Results Using principle component analysis we decomposed the short action into motor patterns related to successive manipulations of the cuboid. The fraction of variance described by the principal components indicated that three components described the salient features of the single motor acts for each hand. Striking in the finger patterns was the prominent and varying roles of the MCP and PIP joints of the fingers, and the CMC joint of the thumb. An important aspect of the three components was their representation of distinct finger configurations within the same motor act. Principal component and graph theory analysis confirmed modular, functionally synchronous action of the involved joints. The computation of finger trajectories in one subject illustrated the workspace of the task, which differed for the right and left hands. Conclusion The study substantiates finger gaiting, described until now only in artificial systems, as the principal mechanism underlying this prototypical task, which is ubiquitous in daily object shape recognition.
A health concept with a social potential: an interview study with nursing home residents
Authors: Vikström Sofia , Grönstedt Helena K. , Cederholm Tommy , Franzén Erika , Seiger Åke , Faxén-Irving Gerd , Boström Anne-Marie 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background A qualitative, interview-based study was embedded in a randomized intervention trial, the Older People Exercise and Nutrition (OPEN) study. Participants in the OPEN study were encouraged to conduct sessions of STS exercises combined with ONS intake. The aim was to describe older persons’ perceptions and experiences of using sit-to-stand (STS) exercises and Oral Nutritional Supplements (ONS) in their daily life. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted in six nursing homes with the participants using a semi-structured interview guide. One or two individual interviews were performed with each included participant. Twenty-three NH residents (16 women and 7 men) participated in the qualitative study. Their ages ranged between 76 and 96 years, and their Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scored between 8 and 29. The transcribed interviews and field notes written during the visits were analyzed inductively following a constant comparative method described in Grounded Theory. Results The exercise and nutritional intervention was described as highly practical by the NH residents, who claimed it also had a social aspect as they felt acknowledged and empowered to engage others in the combined intervention. Experiences of the intervention ranged from neutral to mainly positive and could be sorted into 5 categories: 1. Perceived hopes and expectations, 2. Health-related driving forces, 3. Appreciated daily activities, 4. A concept easy to perform and integrate into daily life, 5. A beneficial health concept for all The intervention created perceived benefits on various health aspects due to participants feeling energized and stronger. An overall theme was identified as A health concept with a social potential, as participants feel acknowledged and strong enough to help others. Conclusions The intervention was described by participants as a health concept that could potentially be beneficial for a broader spectrum of NH residents. The findings indicate that health concepts, such as STS/ONS, might contribute to a more meaningful day for older people, even vulnerable NH residents approaching the end of life.
Genome re-sequencing and reannotation of the Escherichia coli ER2566 strain and transcriptome sequencing under overexpression conditions
Authors: Zhou Lizhi , Wang Kaihang , Chen Tingting , Ma Yue , Huang Yang , Li Jiajia , Liu Liqin , Li Yuqian , Kong Zhibo , Zheng Qingbing , Wang Yingbin , Gu Ying , Yu Hai , Li Shaowei , Xia Ningshao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The Escherichia coli ER2566 strain (NC_CP014268.2) was developed as a BL21 (DE3) derivative strain and has been widely used in recombinant protein expression. However, like many other current RefSeq annotations, the annotation of the ER2566 strain is incomplete, with missing gene names and miscellaneous RNAs, as well as uncorrected annotations of some pseudogenes. Here, we performed a systematic reannotation of the ER2566 genome by combining multiple annotation tools with manual revision to provide a comprehensive understanding of the E. coli ER2566 strain, and used high-throughput sequencing to explore how the strain adapts under external pressure. Results The reannotation included noteworthy corrections to all protein-coding genes, led to the exclusion of 120 hypothetical genes or pseudogenes, and resulted in the addition of 65 coding sequences and 230 miscellaneous noncoding RNAs and 2 tRNAs. In addition, we further manually examined all 194 pseudogenes in the Ref-seq annotation and directly identified 144 (74%) as coding genes. The remaining pseudogenes without explicit function were removed. We then used whole-genome sequencing and high-throughput RNA sequencing to assess mutational adaptations under consecutive subculture or overexpression burden. Whereas no mutations were detected in response to consecutive subculture, overexpression of the human papillomavirus 16 type capsid led to the identification of a mutation (position 1,094,824 within the 3’ non-coding region) positioned 19-bp away from the lac I gene in the transcribed RNA, which was not detected at the genomic level by Sanger sequencing.Conclusion The ER2566 strain is used by both the general scientific community and the biotechnology industry. Reannotation of the E.coli ER2566 strain not only improved the RefSeq data but uncovered a key site that might involve in the transcription and translation of genes encoding the lactose operon repressor. We propose that our pipeline might offer a universal method for the reannotation of other bacterial genomes with high speed and accuracy. This study may facilitate a better understanding of gene function for the ER2566 strain under external burden and provide more clues to engineer bacteria for biotechnological applications.
Health inequalities among middle-aged and elderly people in China: analyses of cross-sectional surveys from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011–2016
Authors: Qiu Qinxiao , Zeng Jinfeng , Han Liyuan , Chen Zhuo , Sun Hongpeng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objectives: China has a history of striving to achieve health equity, including efforts to prevent and control infectious diseases. However, to date, there is no comprehensive assessment of inequalities in chronic diseases in China. Methods: Data for this study were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) conducted from 2011 to 2016. A total of 50,244 Chinese adults aged 45 years and older were included (16,128 in 2011, 16,646 in 2013, and 17,470 in 2015). Principal component analysis was used to construct the socioeconomic status indicator. We calculated concentration indices and corresponding CIs for 14 chronic diseases and comorbidities. We then estimated the Kendall rank correlation coefficient for inequalities and GDP per capita among provinces. Results: For 10 of the 14 chronic diseases, prevalence rates were higher for the poorest tertiles than for the richest tertiles. The concentration indices of dyslipidaemia, diabetes or high blood sugar, and cancer or malignant tumour were, respectively, 0.1256 (95% confidence interval, 0.1052–0.151), 0.098 (0.0704–0.1244), and 0.1305 (0.0528–0.215) in 2015–2016, which indicated pro-rich inequality. Health inequality for chronic lung diseases and eight other diseases grew markedly from 2011 to 2016. Overall, health inequality was lower for urban residents (−0.035 in 2011–2012, −0.036 in 2013–2014, and −0.05 in 2015–2016) than rural residents (−0.053, −0.064, and −0.08, respectively), and inequality was twice as high among women (−0.051, −0.05, and −0.072, respectively) than among men (−0.023, −0.02, and −0.032, respectively). Provinces that were ranked higher for GDP per capita were also ranked higher in the degree to which disease prevalence was higher in people with lower income (Kendall’s τ=−0.2328, p=0.015; Kendall’s τ=−0.3545, p=0.0077; Kendall’s τ=−0.2646, p=0.0079, respectively). Conclusions: Pro-poor health inequalities for many diseases in China are large and widening. Policies associated with health equity, including free public health services and community health programmes, are needed to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
A review of nature-based solutions for urban water management in European circular cities: a critical assessment based on case studies and literature
Authors: Oral Hasan Volkan , Carvalho Pedro , Gajewska Magdalena , Ursino Nadia , Masi Fabio , Hullebusch Eric D. van , Kazak Jan K. , Exposito Alfonso , Cipolletta Giulia , Andersen Theis Raaschou , Finger David Christian , Simperler Lena , Regelsberger Martin , Rous Vit , Radinja Matej , Buttiglieri Gianluigi , Krzeminski Pawel , Rizzo Anacleto , Dehghanian Kaveh , Nikolova Mariyana , Zimmermann Martin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Nature-based solutions (NBS) can protect, manage and restore natural or modified ecosystems. They are a multidisciplinary, integrated approach to address societal challenges and some natural hazards effectively and adaptively, simultaneously providing human well-being and biodiversity benefits. NBS applications can be easily noticed in circular cities, establishing an urban system that is regenerative and accessible. This paper aims to offer a review on NBS for urban water management from the literature and some relevant projects running within the COST Action ‘Implementing nature-based solutions for creating a resourceful circular city’. The method used in the study is based on a detailed tracking of specific keywords in the literature using Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Academia.edu, ScienceDirect and Scopus. Based on this review, three main applications were identified: (i) flood and drought protection; (ii) the water-food-energy nexus; and (iii) water purification. The paper shows that NBS provide additional benefits, such as improving water quality, increasing biodiversity, obtaining social co-benefits, improving urban microclimate, and the reduction of energy consumption by improving indoor climate. The paper concludes that a systemic change to NBS should be given a higher priority and be preferred over conventional water infrastructure.
Securing the critical role of groundwater for the resilient water-supply of urban Africa
Authors: Foster Stephen , Eichholz Michael , Nlend Bertil , Gathu Julia 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The provision of secure water-supplies for the rapidly expanding cities of sub-Saharan Africa experiencing climate-change stress will be one of the great infrastructure and environmental challenges of the next 20–50 years. Most African cities are blessed with usable groundwater, and some with the presence of major aquifers, but urban water utilities will need to take a more proactive approach to groundwater resource management and quality protection if the opportunity of a secure water supply is to be sustainably secured. Among the key policy issues that need more attention are rationalising utility groundwater use, prioritising installation of mains sewerage to reduce groundwater pollution risk, promoting enhanced groundwater recharge to improve resource sustainability, using groundwater in ‘decentralised closed-loop water-service systems’ to meet the demands of new outer urban districts, and implementing a consistent policy response to the ‘boom’ in private self-supply from waterwells. The consequences of non-action in terms of much increased exposure to water-supply crises, potentially hazardous water-supply pollution incidents, and irrational public and private investment in water-supply access are highlighted.
Adhesion Molecules as Potential Novel Biomarkers for Opioid Dependence
Authors: Liu Yu-Li , Kuo Hsiang-Wei , Fang Chiu-Ping , Tsung Jieh-Hen , Chen Andrew C.H. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Cell-cell adhesion is essential in maintaining the structure and function of an organ.
Several adhesion molecules have recently been identified as associated with heroin dependence in both genetic
and peripheral plasma studies.

Methods and Results:
We reviewed literature concerning studies on adhesion molecules in opioid addictions in
rodents and human, including human genetic associations in different ethnic groups, and treatment responses to
methadone maintenance treatment in heroin-dependent patients.

Conclusion:
Some important and novel findings were summarized and discussed. Adhesion molecules in the
peripheral plasma, e.g., cadherin-2 (CDH2), may be biomarkers for both methadone treatment outcome and
nectin 4 may be an indicator for continued opioid use. Neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in the central
nervous system may regulate opioid withdrawal and analgesic responses. Future studies to uncover the mechanisms
underlying the involvement of adhesion molecules in the pathological process of addictions will be an
important research direction in the field.
A Survey of Network Representation Learning Methods for Link Prediction in Biological Network
Authors: Peng Jiajie , Lu Guilin , Shang Xuequn 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Networks are powerful resources for describing complex systems. Link prediction is an
important issue in network analysis and has important practical application value. Network representation learning
has proven to be useful for network analysis, especially for link prediction tasks.

Objective:
To review the application of network representation learning on link prediction in a biological network,
we summarize recent methods for link prediction in a biological network and discuss the application and
significance of network representation learning in link prediction task.

Method & Results:
We first introduce the widely used link prediction algorithms, then briefly introduce the development
of network representation learning methods, focusing on a few widely used methods, and their application
in biological network link prediction. Existing studies demonstrate that using network representation learning
to predict links in biological networks can achieve better performance. In the end, some possible future directions
have been discussed.
An Extensive Study of Coumarin Synthesis via Knoevenagel Condensation in Choline Chloride Based Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Lončarić Melita , Sušjenka Martina , Molnar Maja 
Published: January 2020

Aim and Objective:
In order to preserve the environment from harmful organic solvents, a synthesis
of coumarin derivatives was performed in deep eutectic solvents, which are considered as “green” due to their
characteristics.

Materials and Methods:
Choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were employed, both as
solvents and as catalysts, in the synthesis of coumarin derivatives via Knoevenagel condensation. In order to
find the best DES for coumarin synthesis, 20 DESs were tested for the reaction of salicylaldehyde and dimethyl
malonate at 80 °C.

Results:
Among the twenty tested deep eutectic solvents only five were adequate for this kind of synthesis. The
best DES for this reaction was found to be the one composed of choline chloride:urea (1:2). Most coumarin
compounds were obtained in good to excellent yield. Compounds 1g, 2g and 2p should be pointed out due to
their yields of 85, 88 and 98 %, respectively. 3-Acetylcoumarins 5a, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f and 5g were synthesized
under ultrasound irradiation and were also obtained in excellent yields of 90, 95, 98, 93, 94 and 85 %,
respectively.

Conclusion:
Series of coumarin derivatives were successfully synthesized, either in choline chloide:urea DES
at 80 °C or in ultrasound-assisted reaction, from different salicylaldehydes and active methylene compounds.
These “green” methods were found to be very effective in Knoevenagel condensation, while DES was recycled
for several cycles without any significant influence on the product yield.
Celiac Disease in Kosovar Albanian Children: Evaluation of Clinical Features and Diagnosis
Authors: Ramosaj-Morina Atifete , Keka-Sylaj Alije , Zejnullahu Arbana Baloku , Spahiu Lidvana , Hasbahta Virgjina , Jaha Vlora , Kotori Vjosa , Bicaj Besnik , Kurshumliu Fisnik , Zhjeqi Valbona , Kamenaric-Burek Marija , Zunec Renata 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Celiac disease is an immune-mediated disorder characterized by variable
clinical manifestations, specific antibodies, HLA-DQ2/DQ8 haplotypes, and enteropathy.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to present the clinical spectrum and patterns of celiac disease
in Kosovar Albanian children.

Methods:
A cross-sectional retrospective study was performed with Albanian children aged 0-18
years, treated for celiac disease in the Pediatric Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo from
2005 to 2016.

Results:
During the study period, 63 children were treated for celiac disease. The mean age at diagnosis
was 5.5 years (SD ± 3.31). The mean age at celiac disease onset was 3.3 years (SD ± 2.02),
while the mean delay from the first symptoms indicative of celiac disease to diagnosis was 2.2
years (SD ± 2.09). More than 70% of the patients were diagnosed in the first 7 years of life, mainly
presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, while primary school children and adolescents mostly
showed atypical symptoms (p<0.001). The classical form of celiac disease occurred in 78% of the
cases. Sixty (95%) patients carried HLA-DQ2.5, DQ2.2 and/or HLA-DQ8 heterodimers, and only
three of them tested negative.

Conclusions:
Kosovo, as the majority of developing countries, is still facing the classical form of
celiac disease as the dominant mode of presentation; as a result, most children with other forms of
the celiac disease remain undiagnosed.

:
Physicians should be aware of the wide range of clinical presentations and utilize low testing
thresholds in order to prevent potential long-term problems associated with untreated celiac disease.
Characterization of the Clinical and Laboratory Features of Primary and Secondary Antiphospholipid Syndrome in a Cohort of Egyptian Patients
Authors: el-Moniem Geilan Abd , El-Garf Kamal , Sobhy Nesreen , Elmaghraby Sally 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
To study the clinical and laboratory features of Antiphospholipid Syndrome
(APS) in a cohort of Egyptian patients and compare between primary and secondary type on the basis
of clinical and immunological pattern.

Patients and Methods:
We reviewed the medical records of 148 antiphospholipid syndrome patients
following in Rheumatology and Rehabilitation department, Cairo University. Clinical and
immunological data were recorded; subsequently, our patients were compared based on the type of
APS, patient’s age and sex.

Results:
The cohort consisted of 148 patients, 135 females (91.2%) and 13 males (8.8%). The mean
age at onset was 23.6 ±7.66 years. 28.4% of patients had primary while, 71.6% of patients had secondary
APS.

:
Patients with secondary APS presented more frequently with the following manifestations compared
to patients with primary APS: systemic manifestations (56.6% versus 4.8%, P-value: 0.00),
venous thrombosis (41.5% versus 19%, P-value: 0.009), cutaneous vasculitis (19.8% versus 4.8%,
P-value: 0.023), thrombocytopenia (37.7% versus 11.9%, P-value: 0.002) and hemolytic anemia
(28.3% versus 4.8%, P-value: 0.002). On the other hand, total obstetric manifestations were more
common in primary APS (92.5% versus 75%, P-value: 0.007).

:
Juvenile onset APS presented more frequently with systemic (68.8%, p-value: 0.02), neurological
(62.5%, p-value: 0.01) and renal manifestations (31.3%, p-value: 0.005). No statistically significant
difference was found between males and females in our cohort.

Conclusion:
APS has broad spectrum manifestations, which may vary according to the patient’s
age at disease onset and association with other diseases. Further more, different ethnicities may
show different presentations.
Design, Synthesis and In vitro Biological Activity of Some New 1,3- thiazolidine-4-one Derivatives as Chemotherapeutic Agents using Virtual Screening Strategies
Authors: Nayak Pragya , Kachroo Monica 
Published: January 2020

Aims:
Designing of a new series of derivatives possessing thiazolidine-4-one moiety,
their virtual screening using various computational tools, synthesis of prioritized compounds,
spectral characterization and biological evaluation along with the comparison of in silico
& in vitro results.

Background:
WHO has come up with a list of antibiotic-resistant “priority pathogens” i.e. families
of bacteria, that pose the greatest threat to human health. Some virulent bacteria are focused in
the present study namely Mycobacterium tuberculosis (multi drug resistant), Staphylococcus aureus
(methicillin-resistant) Streptococcus pneumoniae, (penicillin-non-susceptible) and Pseudomonas
aeruginosa (Carbapenem-resistant) One of the neglected pathogenic disease which needs
an urgent attention is Leishmaniasis which has a major burden among the poorest segments of
populations in Asia, Africa, and South America.

Objective:
1. To design of a series of new heteroaryl-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives. 2. To prioritize
the molecules for synthesis using virtual screening techniques. 3. To synthesize the virtually predicted
molecules via different synthetic schemes. 4. To characterize the synthesized molecules by
spectroscopic analysis. 5. To evaluate the synthesized compounds for in vitro biological activity.

Methods:
A series of new heteroaryl thiazolidine-4-one derivatives was designed and subjected to
in silico prioritization using various virtual screening strategies. The prioritized thiazolidinone derivatives
were synthesized and screened for their in vitro antitubercular, anticancer, antileishmanial
and antibacterial (Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pneumonia; Escherichia coli; Pseudomonas
aeruginosa) activities.

Results:
The compounds with electronegative substitutions exhibited positive antitubercular activity,
the derivatives possessing a methyl substitution exhibited good inhibitory response against
breast cancer cell line MCF-7 while the compounds possessing a hydrogen bond acceptor site like
hydroxyl and methoxy substitution in their structures exhibited good in vitro antileishmanial activity.
Some compounds exhibited potent activity against gram positive bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa
as compared to the standards.

Conclusion:
The designed compounds exhibited good in vitro anti-infective potential which was
in good agreement with the in silico predictions and they can be developed as important lead molecules
for anti-infective and chemotherapeutic drug research.