bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth differentiation factor 15 protects against the aging‐mediated systemic inflammatory response in humans and mice
Authors: Moon Ji Sun , Goeminne Ludger J. E. , Kim Jung Tae , Tian Jing Wen , Kim Seok‐Hwan , Nga Ha Thi , Kang Seul Gi , Kang Baeki E. , Byun Jin‐Seok , Lee Young‐Sun , Jeon Jae‐Han , Shong Minho , Auwerx Johan , Ryu Dongryeol , Yi Hyon‐Seung 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction is associated with aging‐mediated inflammatory responses, leading to metabolic deterioration, development of insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is an important mitokine generated in response to mitochondrial stress and dysfunction; however, the implications of GDF15 to the aging process are poorly understood in mammals. In this study, we identified a link between mitochondrial stress‐induced GDF15 production and protection from tissue inflammation on aging in humans and mice. We observed an increase in serum levels and hepatic expression of GDF15 as well as pro‐inflammatory cytokines in elderly subjects. Circulating levels of cell‐free mitochondrial DNA were significantly higher in elderly subjects with elevated serum levels of GDF15. In the BXD mouse reference population, mice with metabolic impairments and shorter survival were found to exhibit higher hepatic Gdf15 expression. Mendelian randomization links reduced GDF15 expression in human blood to increased body weight and inflammation. GDF15 deficiency promotes tissue inflammation by increasing the activation of resident immune cells in metabolic organs, such as in the liver and adipose tissues of 20‐month‐old mice. Aging also results in more severe liver injury and hepatic fat deposition in Gdf15‐deficient mice. Although GDF15 is not required for Th17 cell differentiation and IL‐17 production in Th17 cells, GDF15 contributes to regulatory T‐cell‐mediated suppression of conventional T‐cell activation and inflammatory cytokines. Taken together, these data reveal that GDF15 is indispensable for attenuating aging‐mediated local and systemic inflammation, thereby maintaining glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in humans and mice.
Association of TNF‐α gene T‐1031C polymorphism with endometriosis: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Cao Xian‐Ling , Chai Jie , Yu Yang‐Yang , Tian Xiao , Zhao Jian‐Yun , Yu Ling‐Yu , Sun Zhen‐Gao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe single nucleotide polymorphism T‐1031C has shown to have an important role in the regulation and transcription efficiency of TNF‐α gene. Yet, the relationship between TNF‐α T‐1031C gene polymorphism and the development of endometriosis (EM) still remains unclear. The aim of this meta‐analysis was to summarize the effects of TNF‐α T‐1031C gene polymorphism and clarify their possible association with EM. A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (up to August 10, 2019). A fixed‐ or random‐effects model was employed according to the heterogeneity among studies. The log odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated in the models of allele comparison (T vs C), homozygote comparison (TT vs CC) and (TC vs CC), dominant (TT vs TC + CC), hyperdominant (TT + CC vs TC), and recessive (TT + TC vs CC) to estimate the strength of the associations. A total of 7 case‐control studies were included in this meta‐analysis. Overall, significant associations between TNF‐α T‐1031C and EM were identified from (T vs C: log OR [95% CI] = 0.31 [−0.09, 0.71]; TT + CC vs TC: 0.27 [0.04, 0.50]; TC + CC vs TT: −0.83 [−1.19, −0.47]). On the other hand, no significant correlation was found in other gene models (TT vs TC: log OR [95% CI] = 0.89 [0.64, 1.13]; TT vs CC: 0.3 [−0.74, 1.36]; TT + TC vs CC: 0.17 [−0.81, 1.15]). In subgroup analyses by ethnicity or HWE P‐value, there was a statistically significant association between TNF‐α T‐1031C polymorphisms and EM in the dominant model (TT vs TC + CC: log OR [95%] = −0.84 [−1.60, −0.09]) for the European population, and in hyperdominant model (TT + CC vs TC: log OR [95%] = 0.24 [0.001, 0.49]) for Asian population. To sum up, this meta‐analysis showed that TNF‐α T‐1031C polymorphism was associated with EM susceptibility and has a protective effect in Asian and European populations.
Efficacy and safety of dupilumab for moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis: A systematic review for the EAACI biologicals guidelines
Authors: Agache Ioana , Song Yang , Posso Margarita , Alonso‐Coello Pablo , Rocha Claudio , Solà Ivan , Beltran Jessica , Akdis Cezmi A. , Akdis Mubeccel , Brockow Knut , Chivato Tomas , del Giacco Stefano , Eiwegger Thomas , Eyerich Kilian , Giménez‐Arnau Ana , Gutermuth Jan , Guttman‐Yassky Emma , Maurer Marcus , Ogg Graham , Ong Peck Y. , O’Mahony Liam , Schwarze Jürgen , Werfel Thomas , Canelo‐Aybar Carlos , Palomares Oscar , Jutel Marek 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis systematic review evaluates the efficacy, safety and economic impact of dupilumab compared to standard of care for uncontrolled moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis (AD). Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library were searched for RCTs and health economic evaluations. Critical and important AD‐related outcomes were considered. The risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence were assessed using GRADE. Seven RCTs including 1845 subjects >12 years treated with dupilumab 16 to 52 weeks were evaluated. For adults, there is high certainty that dupilumab decreases SCORAD (MD −30,72; 95% CI −34,65% to −26,79%) and EASI‐75 (RR 3.09; 95% CI 2.45 to 3.89), pruritus (RR 2.96; 95% CI 2.37 to 3.70), rescue medication (RR 3.46; 95% CI 2.79 to 4.30), sleep disturbance (MD −7.29; 95% CI −8.23 to −6.35) and anxiety/depression (MD −3.08; 95% CI −4.41 to −1.75) and improves quality of life (MD −4.80; 95% CI −5.55 to −4.06). The efficacy for adolescents is similar. Dupilumab‐related adverse events (AEs) slightly increase (low certainty). The evidence for dupilumab‐related serious AE is uncertain. The incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio ranged from 28 500 £ (low certainty) to 124 541 US$ (moderate certainty). More data on long‐term safety are needed both for children and for adults, together with more efficacy data in the paediatric population. Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020153645).
Short anogenital distance is associated with testicular germ cell tumour development
Authors: Moreno‐Mendoza Daniel , Casamonti Elena , Riera‐Escamilla Antoni , Pietroforte Sara , Corona Giovanni , Ruiz‐Castañe Eduardo , Krausz Csilla 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundTesticular germ cell tumour is a multifactorial disease in which various genetic and environmental factors play a role. Testicular germ cell tumour is part of the testicular dysgenesis syndrome which includes also cryptorchidism, hypospadias, oligo/azoospermia and short anogenital distance.ObjectivesThe primary objective was to examine anogenital distance in testicular germ cell tumour cases and healthy fertile controls. The secondary objective was to assess the (CAG)n polymorphism of the Androgen Receptor gene in relationship with anogenital distances and testicular germ cell tumour development.Material and Methods156 testicular germ cell tumour patients and 110 tumour‐free normozoospermic controls of Spanish origin. All subjects underwent full andrological workup (including semen and hormone analysis) and genetic analysis (Androgen Receptor (CAG)n). The main outcome measures were the anopenile distance (AGDap), the anoscrotal distance (AGDas) and AR(CAG)n.ResultWe observed significantly shorter anogenital distances in the group of testicular germ cell tumour patients in respect to controls (P < .001) independently from sperm count and testis histology. Threshold values, applicable only to our cohort, were calculated for anogenital distances with the best sensitivity and specificity. Subjects with AGDap and AGDas below threshold showed a significantly increased risk for testicular germ cell tumour (OR = 4.97, 95% CI = 2.01‐12.33, P = .001 and OR = 4.11, 95% CI = 1.89‐8.92, P ≤ .001, respectively). No significant correlation was observed between AR(CAG)n polymorphism and anogenital distances. The median values of the AR(CAG)n were similar between cases and controls, excluding a major role for this polymorphism in the etiopathogenesis of these testicular dysgenesis syndrome components.ConclusionsOurs is the first study focusing on anogenital distances in testicular germ cell tumour patients. We identified short anogenital distances (which is a surrogate biomarker of androgen action during foetal life) as a significant risk factor for this disease. After further validation of our preliminary data, anogenital distance measurement could become part of testicular germ cell tumour screening in order to better define those individuals who would benefit from long‐term active follow‐up.
Results of the endovascular treatment system for occluded native arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Leo Christopher Cheang Han , Cassorla Gabriel , Swinnen Jan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundArteriovenous fistula is the definitive vascular access for patients on long‐term haemodialysis. The aim of this study is to present the techniques and results of the Endovascular Treatment System that we have developed for managing the occluded native arteriovenous fistula.MethodsThe current study is a retrospective chart review on all patients who presented with an occluded native arteriovenous fistula and underwent attempted recanalization between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2014.ResultsA total of 130 patients were included in the study. Post‐intervention primary access patency was 83.8% at 6 months, 78.7% at 12 months, 64.6% at 2 years and 59.6% at 3 years. Post‐intervention assisted access patency in fistulas‐in‐use was 86.5% at 6 months, 81% at 12 months, 66.8% at 2 years and 61.2% at 3 years. Post‐intervention secondary patency for all cases was 84.7% at 6 months, 80.2% at 12 months, 66.1% at 2 years and 62% at 3 years. Post‐intervention secondary patency in fistula‐in‐use was 91.1% at 6 months, 90% at 12 months, 85% at 2 years and 74.6% at 3 years. Access survival nor patency differed significantly when incisional thrombectomy was compared to angioplasty with or without stenting with access survival of 91.2% and 92.5% at 12 months and access patency of 82.9% and 89.7% at 12 months (P = 0.834 and P = 0.898, respectively).ConclusionsIn autologous arteriovenous thrombosed fistulae, the use of endovascular techniques to revive the access is a viable and safe technique to employ in most cases.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis suggest that the duration of Kangaroo mother care has a direct impact on neonatal growth
Authors: Charpak Nathalie , Montealegre‐Pomar Adriana , Bohorquez Adriana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimA 2016 Cochrane review showed that Kangaroo mother care (KMC) had a moderate impact on preterm growth, with high heterogeneity among studies. This systematic review and meta‐analysis considered new evidence on KMC, particularly the duration.MethodDatabases were searched for papers published in English, French, Spanish and Portuguese up to 2017. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) of preterm or low birth weight infants were included if they compared growth between KMC and conventional care. Anthropometric measures were related to duration.ResultsWe identified 1368 papers, and 13 RCTs covering 743 KMC infants and 718 controls met the selection criteria. Infants held in KMC for at least 6 h/d gained more weight than the controls, with a mean difference of 8.99 g/d (95% confidence interval 8.14‐9.84, I2 = 0%). This difference persisted between 2 and 6 h/d and disappeared with 2 hours or less. When we used g/kg/d, the weight gain was higher when the duration was at least 8 h/d. Only babies who received 6 h/d gained more length and head circumference.ConclusionsThe effect of the KMC on growth was directly related to the duration.
Correlation between skeletal muscle fiber type and responses of a taste sensing system in various beef samples
Authors: Komiya Yusuke , Mizunoya Wataru , Kajiwara Kurumi , Yokoyama Issei , Ogasawara Hideki , Arihara Keizo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe difference of muscle fiber type composition affects several parameters related to meat quality; however, the relationship between muscle fiber types and meat taste is unclear. To elucidate this relationship, we determined the taste of various beef samples using a taste sensor (INSENT SA402B) and analyzed its correlation with different muscle fiber type composition. We used 22 kinds of beef samples and measured nine tastes, including the relative and change of membrane potential caused by adsorption (CPA) values, using six sensors (GL1, CT0, CA0, AAE, C00, and AE1). The taste sensor analysis indicated positive value outputs for the relative C00, AAE, and GL1 values as well as for the CPA value of AAE, which corresponded to bitterness, umami, sweetness, and richness, respectively. We found significant positive correlations of the myosin heavy chain 1 (MyHC1) composition with umami taste, and with richness. This result suggests that high levels of slow MyHC1 can induce strong umami taste and richness in beef. We expect that our results will contribute to the elucidation of the relationship between muscle fiber types and meat palatability.
Poststratification fusion learning in longitudinal data analysis
Authors: Tang Lu , Song Peter X.‐K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractStratification is a very commonly used approach in biomedical studies to handle sample heterogeneity arising from, for examples, clinical units, patient subgroups, or missing‐data. A key rationale behind such approach is to overcome potential sampling biases in statistical inference. Two issues of such stratification‐based strategy are (i) whether individual strata are sufficiently distinctive to warrant stratification, and (ii) sample size attrition resulted from the stratification may potentially lead to loss of statistical power. To address these issues, we propose a penalized generalized estimating equations approach to reducing the complexity of parametric model structures due to excessive stratification. Specifically, we develop a data‐driven fusion learning approach for longitudinal data that improves estimation efficiency by integrating information across similar strata, yet still allows necessary separation for stratum‐specific conclusions. The proposed method is evaluated by simulation studies and applied to a motivating example of psychiatric study to demonstrate its usefulness in real world settings.
Refinement and augmentation for data in micro open learning activities with an evolutionary rule generator
Authors: Sun Geng , Lin Jiayin , Shen Jun , Cui Tingru , Xu Dongming , Kayastha Mahesh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractImproving both the quantity and quality of existing data are placed at the center of research for adaptive micro open learning. To cover this research gap, our work targets on the current scarcity of both data and rules that represent open learning activities. An evolutionary rule generator is constructed, which consists of an outer loop and an inner loop. The outer loop runs a genetic algorithm (GA) to produce association rules that can be effective in the micro open learning scenario from a small amount of available data sources; while the inner loop optimizes generated candidates by taking into account both rare and negative association rules (NARs). These optimized rules are further applied in refining and augmenting data denoting learners’ behaviors in open learning into a low‐dimensional, descriptive and interpretable form. The performance of rule discovery and data processing have been empirically evaluated using genuine open learning data.
Unravelling the widening of the earliest Andean northern orogen: Maastrichtian to early Eocene intra‐basinal deformation in the northern Eastern Cordillera of Colombia
Authors: Bayona Germán , Baquero Mauricio , Ramírez Catalina , Tabares Manuela , Salazar Ana M. , Nova Giovanny , Duarte Edward , Pardo Andrés , Plata Angelo , Jaramillo Carlos , Rodríguez Guillermo , Caballero Victor , Cardona Agustín , Montes Camilo , Gómez Marulanda Sebastián , Cárdenas‐Rozo Andrés L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe onset of deformation in the northern Andes is overprinted by subsequent stages of basin deformation, complicating the examination of competing models illustrating potential location of earliest synorogenic basins and uplifts. To establish the width of the earliest northern Andean orogen, we carried out field mapping, palynological dating, sedimentary, stratigraphic and provenance analyses in Campanian to lower Eocene units exposed in the northern Eastern Cordillera of Colombia (Cocuy region) and compare the results with coeval succession in adjacent basins. The onset of deformation is recorded in earliest Maastrichtian time, as terrigenous detritus arrived into the basin marking the end of chemical precipitation and the onset of clastic deposition produced by the uplift of a western source area dominated by shaly Cretaceous rocks. Disconformable contacts within the upper Maastrichtian to middle Palaeocene succession document increasing supply of quartzose sandy detritus from Cretaceous quartzose rocks exposed in eastern source areas. The continued unroofing of both source areas produced a rapid shift in depositional environments from shallow marine in Maastrichtian to fluvial‐lacustrine systems during the Palaeocene‐early Eocene. Supply of immature Jurassic sandstones from nearby western uplifts, together with localized plutonic and volcanic Cretaceous rocks, caused a shift in Palaeocene sandstones composition from quartzarenites to litharenites. Supply of detrital sandy fragments, unstable heavy minerals and Cretaceous to Ordovician detrital zircons, were derived from nearby uplifted blocks and from SW fluvial systems within the synorogenic basin, instead of distal basement rocks. The presence of volcanic rock fragments and 51–59 Ma volcanic zircons constrain magmatism within the basin. The Maastrichtian–Palaeocene sequence studied here documents crustal deformation that correlates with coeval deformation farther south in Ecuador and Peru. Slab flattening of the subducting Caribbean plate produced a wider orogen (>400 km) with a continental magmatic arc and intra‐basinal deformation and magmatism.
The topology and drivers of ant–symbiont networks across Europe
Authors: Parmentier Thomas , De Laender Frederik , Bonte Dries 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTIntimate associations between different species drive community composition across ecosystems. Understanding the ecological and evolutionary drivers of these symbiotic associations is challenging because their structure eventually determines stability and resilience of the entire species network. Here, we compiled a detailed database on naturally occurring ant–symbiont networks in Europe to identify factors that affect symbiont network topology. These networks host an unrivalled diversity of macrosymbiotic associations, spanning the entire mutualism–antagonism continuum, including: (i) myrmecophiles – commensalistic and parasitic arthropods; (ii) trophobionts – mutualistic aphids, scale insects, planthoppers and caterpillars; (iii) social parasites – parasitic ant species; (iv) parasitic helminths; and (v) parasitic fungi. We dissected network topology to investigate what determines host specificity, symbiont species richness, and the capacity of different symbiont types to switch hosts. We found 722 macrosymbionts (multicellular symbionts) associated with European ants. Symbiont type explained host specificity and the average relatedness of the host species. Social parasites were associated with few hosts that were phylogenetically highly related, whereas the other symbiont types interacted with a larger number of hosts across a wider taxonomic distribution. The hosts of trophobionts were the least phylogenetically related across all symbiont types. Colony size, host range and habitat type predicted total symbiont richness: ant hosts with larger colony size, a larger distribution range or with a wider habitat range contained more symbiont species. However, we found that different sets of host factors affected diversity in the different types of symbionts. Ecological factors, such as colony size, host range and niche width predominantly determined myrmecophile species richness, whereas host phylogeny was the most important predictor of mutualistic trophobiont, social parasite and parasitic helminth species richness. Lastly, we found that hosts with a common biogeographic history support a more similar community of symbionts. Phylogenetically related hosts also shared more trophobionts, social parasites and helminths, but not myrmecophiles. Taken together, these results suggest that ecological and evolutionary processes structure host specificity and symbiont richness in large‐scale ant–symbiont networks, but these drivers may shift in importance depending on the type of symbiosis. Our findings highlight the potential of well‐characterized bipartite networks composed of different types of symbioses to identify candidate processes driving community composition.
Commentary: Taking steps to reduce school exclusions: child and adolescent mental health trajectories in relation to exclusion from school from The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) – a commentary on Tejerina‐Arreal et al. (2020)
Authors: Tutt Rona 
Published: July 2020

The mental health of young people and exclusion from school are both topics of current interest. The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) brings these two themes together and, in doing so, sheds light on the links between exclusion rates and young people’s mental health.Separate consideration is given to what has been happening in the United Kingdom as regards mental health and education; education and exclusion; and alternative provision (AP) and excluded pupils, before these strands are drawn together. The ramifications of the government’s plans for improving provision for young people’s mental health are seen in a positive light as it gives schools a pathway from support in the classroom through to access to CAMHS. It is suggested that closer working between health and education should lead to earlier intervention and that this should include pupils being placed in specialist or AP without the need to be excluded before this happens.
Baicalein inhibits non‐small‐cell lung cancer invasion and metastasis by reducing ezrin tension in inflammation microenvironment
Authors: Zhang Xiaolong , Ruan Qinli , Zhai Yiqian , Lu Dandan , Li Chen , Fu Yahan , Zheng Zihui , Song Ying , Guo Jun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBaicalein, a flavonoid phytochemical, has been shown to be effective as an anti‐metastatic agent for various cancers, especially for non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the underlying mechanism of how baicalein targets cellular processes during NSCLC cell invasion and metastasis remains elusive. In this study, we found that non‐cytotoxic concentrations of baicalein still retained anti‐dissemination activity both in vitro and in vivo. Using a genetic encoding tension probe based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) theory, baicalein was shown to significantly decrease ezrin tension by downregulating cellular ezrin S‐nitrosylation (SNO) levels in NSCLC cells in the inflammatory microenvironment. Decreased ezrin tension inhibited the formation of an aggressive phenotype of NSCLC cell and leader cell in collective migration, and subsequently suppressed NSCLC dissemination. Baicalein restrained SNO‐mediated ezrin tension by decreasing iNOS expression levels. Overall this study demonstrates the novel mechanism used by baicalein to suppress NSCLC invasion and metastasis from a mechanopharmacology perspective and illustrates a new direction for drug development.