bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution model of the surface roughness in magnetorheological jet
polishing
Authors: Hai Kuo , Li Longxiang , Hu Haixiang , Zhang Zhiyu , Bai Yang , Luo Xiao , Yi Liqi , Yang Xi , Xue Donglin , Zhang Xuejun 
Published: September 2020

Magnetorheological jet polishing (MJP) plays an important role in
polishing complex cavities and special optical elements with high
precision. However, the roughness distribution function that describes
the variation with polishing time of the roughness value of every area
in the polishing area has not been studied deeply. In this paper, the
influence of the roughness distribution on the removal function of MJP
in optics (with a roughness of less than 10 nm) and its evolution
model in the spatial and time domains are studied. With the increase
of polishing time, the surface roughness of the central area linearly
increases, forming surface defects, such as pits. The roughness of the
polishing area exhibits a limited growth trend. Verification
experiments are carried out on BK7 glass. The results of the roughness
distribution on the removal function prove the correctness of the
model. The model laid a foundation; therefore, it has important
guidance and reference value for the application to the whole aperture
polishing.
High-conversion-gain and deep-image-rejection Brillouin chip-based photonic RF mixer
Authors: Zhu Zihang , Choi Duk-Yong , Madden Stephen J. , Eggleton Benjamin J. , Merklein Moritz 
Published: September 2020

In this Letter, we report a chip-based photonic radio-frequency (RF) mixer with a maximum conversion gain of

−

9

d
B

and image rejection ratio of 50 dB for 3.2 GHz to 13.2 GHz RF frequency range. This is achieved by the combined use of optical carrier suppression modulation and on-chip stimulated Brillouin scattering. These results will stimulate future implementations of integrated photonic RF mixers in complicated electromagnetic environments.
IBADAH YANG DISUKAI TUHAN DALAM AGAMA KRISTEN MENURUT TEKS AMOS 5:21-24
Authors: Tapingku Joni 
Published: August 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemahaman warga Gereja Toraja Klasis Sillanan di Kabupatan Tana Toraja, Sulawesi Selatan, tentang ibadah yang disukai Tuhan berdasarkan teks Amos 5:21-24. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data adalah wawancara, observasi dan studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ibadah yang disukai Tuhan harus berpusat pada Tuhan sendiri. Yang diagungkan dalam ibadah bukan manusia melainkan hanya Tuhan. Ibadah yang disukai Tuhan dapat pula dilakukan dalam bentuk perayaan yang di dalamnya terdapat unsur persekutuan, pujian, penyembahan, ucapan syukur dan perilaku hidup yang adil dan benar dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.Abstract This qualitative research aimed to describe the understanding of the members of the Toraja Church of Klasis Sillanan in Tana Toraja Regency, South Sulawesi, about worship that is liked by God based on the text of Amos 5: 21-24. The techniques of collecting data were interview, observation and library study. The results of research showed that worship that God liked must be centered on God himself. The glorified in worship is not human but only God. Worship that God likes can also be done in the form of celebration in which there are elements of fellowship, praise, worship, thanksgiving and fair and righteous behavior in daily life.
Improving Student Success by Incorporating Instant-Feedback Questions and Increased Proctoring in Online Science and Mathematics Courses
Authors: Law Yu Kay , Tobin Ryan Wesley , Wilson Neena R , Brandon Lora Ann 
Published: September 2020

Introductory courses in mathematics and the physical sciences are challenging for students and often have lower success rates than other comparable courses. In online courses, this problem is magnified given the greater propensity for students to engage in surface learning strategies. In particular, it has been shown that students are not actively utilizing learning materials provided in the structured course modules such as lecture videos. To combat this problem, we have implemented two different solutions to improve student engagement and retention of knowledge. Firstly, we have incorporated Quick Checks into courses in general chemistry and precalculus, where students answer auto-graded questions directly after viewing the course materials. These aim to promote the viewing of course materials beyond homework and quizzes, including engagement with course lecture videos. Secondly, with the incorporation of online proctoring options integrated into our LMS offerings, we have moved to increase the extent to which examinations are proctored. This encourages students to engage in more frequent reinforcement prior to examinations because they cannot use course materials during proctored examinations. We show that these measures lead to greater engagement with course materials and improved performance on proctored examinations, although student performance on formative assessments remained relatively consistent.
Using the Session Rating of Perceived Exertion to Quantify Training Load in a Men's College Soccer Team
Authors: Sams Matt L. , Wagle John P. , Sato Kimitake , DeWeese Brad H. , Sayers Adam L. , Stone Michael H. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Sams, ML, Wagle, JP, Sato, K, DeWeese, BH, Sayers, AL, and Stone, MH. Using the session rating of perceived exertion to quantify training load in a men's college soccer team. J Strength Cond Res 34(10): 2793–2799, 2020—The purpose of this study was to examine the training load (TL) programming of 3 training groups of a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I men's college soccer team across a season. Thirty athletes were classified as starters (S), substitutes (NS), or redshirts (RS) based on the percentage of possible minutes played during the season. Training load was quantified at the season, phasic, and weekly levels by the session rating of perceived exertion. Between-group differences were observed at the season level (p < 0.001), and group-by-time interactions for average weekly TL were found at both the phasic (p = 0.04) and weekly levels (p < 0.001). In general, S accumulated greater TL than NS (effect size range for all analyses: −0.59 < d < 1.91) and RS (0.17 < d < 3.67), and NS accumulated greater TL than RS (−0.54 < d < 2.34). Within-group variation at the phasic level was less apparent (−0.35 < d < 1.44); however, all 3 groups displayed training variation at the weekly level (−1.80 < d < 3.24). The session rating of perceived exertion can serve as a low-cost, valid means of quantifying TL in men's college soccer athletes. Practitioners should be especially aware of the possibility of insufficient loading in NS.
Nurturing the Collective Memory of Plantation Traces
Authors: Damanik Erond Litno 
Published: August 2020

The article aims to explore and to discuss strategies for nurturing collective memory and identity in Medan City. The problem is focused on strategies to care for the collective memory and identity of the city while preserving cultural heritage buildings in Medan City. The theoretical references used are the collective memory and city identity approaches of Kusno. The study found that the collective memory and identity of the plantation are attached to the grandeur of the shape and variety of building architecture. The variety of architecture refers to masterpieces of internationally renowned architects, while the forms and patterns represent the climate, aesthetics, and success of the plantation. Novelty studies that the lack of protection of cultural heritage buildings has implications for the waning of collective memory and city identity. Economic and business battles, lack of government political will, and synergy with the private sector have an impact on the destruction of cultural heritage buildings. Cultural heritage buildings are an integral part of the history of Medan City with plantations. The study concluded that maintaining collective memory and plantation identity is a preservation activity of cultural heritage buildings. The strategy of nurturing for cultural heritage buildings is not enough through local regulations, utilization as public spaces, but also providing incentives for cultural heritage building owners. Artikel bertujuan mengeksplorasi dan mendiskusikan strategi merawat memori kolektif dan identitas perkebunan di Kota Medan. Permasalahan difokuskan pada strategi merawat memori kolektif dan identitas kota sekaligus melestarikan bangunan pusaka budaya di Kota Medan. Acuan teoritis dipergunakan adalah pendekatan memori kolektif dan identitas kota dari Kusno. Kajian menemukan bahwa memori kolektif dan identitas perkebunan terlampir pada kemegahan bentuk dan ragam arsitektur bangunan. Ragam arsitektur menunjuk pada mahakarya arsitek kenamaan mancanegara; sedang bentuk dan pola merepresentasi iklim, estetika dan keberhasilan perkebunan. Novelty kajian bahwa kurangnya perlindungan bangunan pusaka budaya berimplikasi bagi memudarnya memori kolektif dan identitas kota. Pertarungan ekonomi dan bisnis, kurangnya political-will pemerintah serta sinergi dengan swasta berdampak bagi pemusnahan bangunan pusaka budaya. Bangunan pusaka budaya merupakan bagian integral sejarah Kota Medan dengan perkebunan. Kajian menyimpulkan bahwa memelihara memori kolektif dan identitas perkebunan adalah aktifitas pelestarian bangunan pusaka budaya. Strategi merawat bangunan pusaka budaya tidak cukup melalui Peraturan Daerah, pemamfaatan sebagai ruang publik, tetapi juga pemberian insentif bagi pemilik bangunan pusaka budaya.
Nobility and Land System in the Pre-Colonial Era of the Surakarta and Yogyakarta Kingdoms
Authors: Sugiyarto Sugiyarto , Supriyono Agustinus , Hartatik Endah Sri 
Published: August 2020

This article discusses apanage land belonging to the village heads, which is a legacy of the land system in the era of pre-colonial Surakarta and Yogyakarta kingdoms or what is termed as Vorstenlanden. This paper is aimed to find out how the feudal and nobility system in Java, which in the colonial era was very vulnerable to intervention and politics of splitting or fighting. To answering this question, a study will be conducted on the history of the Islamic Mataram kingdom until the era of Surakarta and Yogyakarta, en focusing on the analysis of the apanage and nobility systems. The method used is a historical method that consists of four steps, namely, heuristics, textual criticism, interpretation, and historiography. This research shows high officials and royal aristocrats have the power and the right to collect land tax and labor. A decline in the degree of nobility in Java will also affect the extent or amount of apanage land obtained. In the other side, the peasant only enjoy a small portion of the results of working on land or rice fields. Artikel ini membahas tentang tanah apanage milik para kepala desa yang merupakan peninggalan sistem pertanahan di era pra-kolonial kerajaan Surakarta dan Yogyakarta atau yang disebut dengan Vorstenlanden. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sistem feodal dan bangsawan di Jawa yang pada masa penjajahan sangat rentan terhadap intervensi dan politik perpecahan atau perkelahian. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, dilakukan studi tentang sejarah kerajaan Mataram Islam hingga era Surakarta dan Yogyakarta, dengan fokus pada analisis sistem bangsawan dan bangsawan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah yang terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu heuristik, kritik tekstual, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan pejabat tinggi dan bangsawan kerajaan memiliki kekuasaan dan hak untuk memungut pajak tanah dan tenaga kerja. Penurunan derajat kebangsawanan di Jawa juga akan mempengaruhi luasan atau jumlah rata-rata tanah yang diperoleh. Di sisi lain, petani hanya menikmati sebagian kecil dari hasil menggarap lahan atau sawah.
The Brantas River Crisis: the Sand Mining Problem and the Search for Solution
Authors: Nawiyanto Nawiyanto , Krisnadi IG , Endrayadi Eko Crys , Handayani Sri Ana , Salindri Dewi , Calvaryni Nina Mutiara 
Published: August 2020

This article examines the dynamics of power relations in the Brantas River sand mining and its influences on the fate of the most important river of East Java. By relying on archival sources, contemporary newspapers, and oral history interviews, it is argued that the Brantas river crisis occurred due to the acceleration of sand extractions facilitated by improved extraction technology in the form of mechanical sand extracting machines and the growing demand for sand for infrastructure development. Automated sand mining caused damage to infrastructure and settlements in various places along the river from downstream areas that continue to creep upstream, as well as the loss of biodiversity richness. The search for a solution has been going on for some time but failed to stop mining and bring the Brantas River out of the crisis. The failure occurred not because of the absence of a legal protection, but the difficulty of implementing regulations in the field due to the involvement of unscrupulous officials and politicians in the Brantas sand business, as well as the temptation of large and comfortable profits from mining that lured sand miners amid the limited available alternative sources of livelihood. Artikel ini membahas dinamika relasi kuasa dalam penambangan pasir Sungai Brantas dan pengaruhnya terhadap nasib sungai terpenting di Jawa Timur in. Dengan mengandalkan sumber arsip, surat kabar kontemporer, dan wawancara sejarah lisan, diargumentasikan bahwa krisis sungai Brantas terjadi karena percepatan ekstraksi pasir yang difasilitasi oleh perubahan teknologi ekstraksi dalam bentuk mesin diesel penyedot pasir mekanis dan meningkatnya permintaan akan pasir untuk pengembangan infrastruktur. Penambangan pasir mekanis menyebabkan kerusakan infrastruktur dan permukiman di berbagai tempat di sepanjang sungai dari daerah hilir yang terus merambat ke hulu, serta hilangnya kekayaan keanekaragaman hayati. Pencarian solusi telah berlangsung selama beberapa waktu, tetapi gagal menghentikan penambangan dan membawa Sungai Brantas keluar dari krisis. Kegagalan itu terjadi bukan karena tidak adanya payung hukum, tetapi kesulitan menerapkan peraturan di lapangan karena keterlibatan pejabat dan politisi yang tidak bermoral dalam bisnis pasir Brantas, serta godaan keuntungan besar dan mudah dari penambangan. memancing para penambang pasir di tengah sumber mata pencaharian alternatif yang tersedia terbatas.
An analysis of the correlation between thyroid nodules and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Hu Ling , Li Ting , Yin Xiao-Ling , Zou Yi 
Published: September 2020

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence of thyroid nodules (TN) and metabolic syndrome (MS) and to analyze the correlation between TN and the components of MS.

Methods:
A total of 1526 subjects were divided into two groups: a TN group and a non-thyroid nodules (NTN) group. The height, weight, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose level, fasting plasma insulin level, serum lipid profile, uric acid level, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level, free triiodothyronine (FT3) level, and free thyroxine (FT4) level of each patient were measured. Insulin resistance (IR) was estimated by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Fatty liver and TN were detected by color Doppler ultrasonography.

Results:
(i) The overall prevalence of TN was 39.5%; it was significantly higher in women than in men (P < 0.01) and progressively increased with age in both sexes. (ii) The overall prevalence of MS was 25.6%; it was significantly higher in men than in women (P < 0.01) and progressively increased with age in both sexes. (iii) FT3 was significantly lower in the TN group than in the NTN group (P < 0.01). (iv) BMI, triglycerides, and HOMA-IR were higher in the TN group than in the NTN group (P < 0.05). (v) The existence of TN was significantly associated with overweight/obesity (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.024–1.089), and with insulin resistance (IR) (OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.645–2.368), after adjusting for age and sex.

Conclusions:
The prevalence of thyroid nodules and metabolic syndrome in the Nanchang area increases with age, and overweight/obesity and IR in patients are associated with thyroid nodules.
Research Capabilities among Selected Graduate School Students in Philippines
Authors: Agatep John Lenon E. , Villalobos Roy N. 
Published: September 2020

With the increasing demand for quality research to cope up with the industry trends, understanding the need among researchers should primarily be established to further improve capacity and practices over the production of theoretical knowledge. Essential to support is the notion of exploring issues then stimulate the concern. This study established the concern on research capabilities among Graduate School student-respondents at President Ramon Magsaysay State University conducted during the First Semester School Year 2018-2019. The study made used of descriptive research design with survey questionnaire as the main research instrument. The data was processed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The study concludes that respondents perceived their capabilities in writing research proposal and publishable research paper both as “Moderately Capable”. The respondents perceived the availability of facilities, time, training, funding, other resources and support from agency in doing research as “Moderately Available”. The analysis of variance test revealed that there is significant difference on the research capabilities of respondents in writing research proposal when grouped according to position and highest educational attainment; significant in writing publishable research paper when grouped according to sex, position and research seminars/trainings attended; significant in the availability of facilities, time, training, funding, other resources and support from agency in doing research when grouped according to sex, position and research seminars/trainings attended.
Hemosorption by a Column Adsorber Based on Hyper-Cross-Linked Styrene-Divinylbenzene Copolymer with Immobilized Lipopolysaccharide-Selective Ligand in Combined Intensive Care of Lung Cancer-Related Postoperative Acute Lung Injury (Case Report)
Authors: Ushakova N. D. , Tikhonova S. N. , Rozenko D. A. 
Published: August 2020

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a serious challenge in the contemporary reanimatology due to its prevalence, versatility of pathogenesis mechanisms, and continuously high mortality. The development of an uncontrolled cascade of systemic inﬂammation reactions, ‘cytokine storm’, followed by multiple organ failure (MOF) is an essential pathophysiological trigger of acute lung injury. Besides, critically ill patients are characterized by a relative intestinal ischemia, wherein, according to the ‘intestine-lung axis’ concept that treats intestinal and pulmonary epithelium as a continuous surface, translocation of bacteria and/or endotoxin directly into blood ﬂow might occur. Extracorporeal removal of excessively produced inﬂammatory response mediators and endotoxin (bacterial lipopolysaccharide, LPS) from systemic circulation by selective hemosorption might represent a life-saving approach in sepsis.Purpose: to evaluate the eﬃcacy of selective sorption in a combined therapy for acute lung injury related to postoperative injury after lung cancer surgery.Results. A single 4-hour selective sorption procedure in the combined therapy of a critically ill postoperative patient produced fast (within 24 hrs.) eﬀects: decreased leukocytosis (the leukocyte count fell down from 32X109 to 13X109, L-1) and endotoxin activity (EAA — from 0.67 to 0.32, units), reduced blood plasma anti-inﬂammatory cytokine (IL-6 — from 1860 to 62, pg/ml) and procalcitonin (PCT — from 46 to 0.32, ng/ml), recovery of gas exchange, discontinuation of hemodynamic support with pressor amines as no longer needed (as early as 2 hours after sorption).Conclusion. The clinical case of a successful therapy including selective sorption based on hyper-crosslinked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer with immobilized LPS-selective ligand warrants further clinical studies on the eﬃciency of a novel selective hemosorption column use to correct post-radical respiratory complications in oncological patients.
IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT, CYTOGENOTOXIC AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF ALOE BARBADENSIS MILL. (ASPHODELACEAE)
Authors: Erhabor Joseph Omorogiuwa , Idu MacDonald 
Published: September 2020

This study evaluated the in vitro antibacterial, antioxidant, nutritional and cytogenotoxic potentials of Aloe barbadensis (AB) root extract. The antimicrobial activity of AB was determined using agar well diffusion and microdilution techniques while the nutritional analyses were done using standard procedures. The antioxidant activities were evaluated via the lipid peroxidation, 1, 1, diphenyl-2-picrlhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing power (FRAP) assays. The cytogenotoxic effects were assessed using the Allium cepa and Sorghum bicolor assays. Five test bacterial isolates: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus saprophyticus) were found susceptible to the ethanolic extract of AB root. The extract at 50 mg/ml recorded the highest zone of inhibition (25.00±1.73 mm) against S. saprophyticus. The nutritional analysis gave a nitrogen free extract value of 24.66%, 30.05% crude fibre, 15.14 mg/kg of Na, 2.01 mg/kg of Mg, 37.42 mg/kg of Fe and 0.02 mg.kg of Zn. The fractions had antiradical activity in the lipid peroxidation, DPPH and FRAP assays. The ethanolic extract induced some chromosomal aberrations in the root tip cells of Allium cepa. The ethanolic extract had the highest (0.13±0.09 mm) antiproliferative activity at 20 mg/kg in the Sorghum bicolor assay. The relatively high nutrient content may be a possible mechanism for the aphrodisiac property of the plant. The results of the biological activities of AB root is an indication of its potential use in drug development for the management of infectious diseases and other related ailments.
CONTENT of ORGANIC ACIDS in the CULTURAL MEDIUM of Bacillus subtilis IMV B-7023 at CULTIVATION WITH DIFFERENT SOURCES of the PHOSPHORUS NUTRIENT
Authors: Skorochod Iryna , Roy Alla , Kurdish Ivan , Erdenezogt Ulziijargal 
Published: September 2020

The strain Bacillus subtilis IMV B-7023 is part of the complex bacterial preparation Azogran for crop production. This bacterium has the ability to increase the availability of phosphorus for plants through the synthesis of different organic acids. Using GS-MS, the qualitative and quantitative composition of organic acids in the culture medium of bacilli was investigated depending on the source of phosphorus nutrition in the nutrient medium. It was established that B. subtilis IMV B-7023 synthesizes the greatest amount of organic acids at cultivation in a glucose-mineral medium with calcium glycerophosphate after 24 hours. Among them: acetic, isobutyric, butyric, isovaleric, valeric, caproic, enanthic, caprylic, pelargonic. The content of the acetic acid was 32.5 µg/mL and prevailed over other acids. In the presence of calcium glycerophosphate as the sole source of carbon and phosphate nutrition, the concentration of butyric acid increased by 14.5 µg/mL, valeric – by 17.0 µg/mL, caproic – by 36.6 µg/mL, caprylic – by 9.3 µg/mL, and pelargonic – by 13.1 µg/mL, compared with the previous variant. In the presence of Ca3(PO4)2, B. subtilis IMV B-7023 produced the acetic and isobutyric acids. The concentrations of these compounds reached a maximum (300.0 and 90.0 μg/mL) after 48 hours of cultivation of bacteria, and then decreased.