bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered regional gray matter volume in Chinese female patients with bulimia nervosa
Authors: Li Xiao , Liu Xiaowei , Wang Yu , Li Lingfei , Zheng Linli , Yaya Liu , Ma Jing , Zhang Lan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The bulimia nervosa (BN) is one of the psychiatric disorders, which pathophysiology is not clear currently. Recent studies have concentrated on brain structural and functional changes in BN patients. However, findings have been inconsistent.The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between brain structural alterations and clinical features in Chinese female patients with BN.Method A total of 34 female patients with BN and 34 matched healthy controls (HC) underwent a T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning. VBM analysis was carried out by using SPM8 ( http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/software/spm8/ ) to explore the alterations of regional Grey Matter Volume (GMV). The correlation analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) .Results The BN group showed reduced regional grey matter volume of the left medial superior frontal gyrus (SFGmed.L), the right superior temporal gyrus (STG.R), the right median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG.R), the left median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG.L) and the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (SFGdor.L) compared to HC. There was no significantly regional grey matter volume increase in BN patients. The brain areas that GMV altered were uncorrelated with BMI and duration of illness (p>0.05). There was a significantly negtive correlation between age and GMV in the SFGmed.L (P<0.005, r=-0.516), the DCG.R (P<0.005, r=-0.556), the DCG.L (P<0.05, r=-0.576) and the SFGdor.L (P<0.005,r=-0.576). The self-esteem and self-evaluation of BN patients were uncorrelated with the structural alterations of GMV.Conlusions The results show altered regional GMV in females with bulimia nervosa in several brain areas, but it difficult to differentiate whether the GMV changes are the results of BN pathology or the consequences of binge-eating and compensatory behaviour. The structural alterations might be associated with impairments of inhibitory control and body dissatisfaction in BN patients, as well as mood disorder comorbidity.
Clinical features in primary care electronic records before diagnosis of Ankylosing Spondylitis: a nested case-control study.
Authors: Bashir Mohammed Talha , Iversen Lisa , Burton Christopher 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) often has a long period from first symptom presentation to diagnosis. We examined the occurrence of symptoms, prescriptions and diagnostic tests in primary care electronic records over time prior to a diagnosis of AS.Methods Nested case-control study using anonymised primary care electronic health records from Scotland. Cases were 100 adults with a first diagnosis of AS between 1994 and 2010. Controls were matched for age, sex and GP practice: (a) 400 randomly selected adults (b) 236 adults whose records contained codes indicating spinal conditions or symptoms. We extracted clinical features (symptoms, AS-related disorders, prescriptions and diagnostic tests). Conditional logistic regression was used to examine the association between clinical features (both individually and in combinations) and diagnosis of AS. We examined the associations between clinical features and diagnosis over time prior to diagnosis.Results Several new composite pointers were predictive of AS: including distinct episodes of axial pain separated by more than 6 months (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.8 to 7.5) and the co-occurrence of axial pain with either large joint symptoms (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1 to 6.3) or tendon symptoms within the same year (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.3 to 10.3). Coded episodes of axial pain increased steadily over the three years before diagnosis. In contrast, large joint symptoms and enthesopathy showed little or no time trend prior to diagnosis.Conclusions We identified novel composite pointers to a diagnosis of AS in GP records. These may represent valuable targets for diagnostic support systems.
Autism Spectrum Disorders in the work of General Practitioners: a systematic narrative review
Authors: Coughlan Barry , Duschinsky Robbie , O’Connor Mary-Ellen , Woolgar Matt 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Many healthcare systems are organised such that General Practitioners (GPs) often have a key role in identifying autism spectrum disorders (autism) in children. Yet a systematic understanding of GP knowledge and experiences identifying autism is currently lacking. In this review, we explored what GPs know about autism and the factors the influence their ability to identify and manage care for their patients with autism in practice.Methods We conducted a systematic narrative review using eight electronic databases. These included EMBASE and MEDLINE via Ovid, Web of Knowledge, PsycINFO via Ebscohost, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest Dissertations and Thesis, and Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA) via ProQuest. Our search yielded 2,743 citations. Primary research studies were included, and we did not impose any geographical, language, or date restrictions.Results We identified 17 studies that met our inclusion criteria. These were published between 2003-2019. We thematically synthesised the material and identified the following themes: the prototypical image of a child with autism; experience and sources of information; barriers to identification; strategies to aid in identification; and characteristics that facilitate expertise. Conclusion Taken together, the findings from this review present a mixed picture of GP knowledge and experiences identifying autism and managing care for children with the condition. At one end of the continuum, there were GPs who had not heard of autism or endorsed outmoded aetiological theories. Others, however, demonstrated a sound knowledge of the conditions but had limited confidence in their ability to identify the condition. Many GPs and researchers alike called for more training and this might be effective. However, framing the problem as one of a lack of training risks silencing the array organisational factors that impact on a GPs ability to provide care for these patients.
Application of MALDI-TOF MS to rapid identification of anaerobic bacteria
Authors: Li Ying , Shan Mingzhu , Zhu Zuobin , Mao Xuhua , Yan Mingju , Chen Ying , Zhu Qiuju , Li Hongchun , Gu Bing 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been rapidly developed and widely used as an analytical technique in clinical laboratories with high accuracy in microorganism identification.
OBJECTIVE: To validate the efficacy of MALDI-TOF MS in identification of clinical pathogenic anaerobes.
METHODS: Twenty-eight studies covering 6685 strains of anaerobic bacteria were included in this meta-analysis. Fixed-effects models based on the P -value and the I-squared were used for meta-analysis to consider the possibility of heterogeneity between studies. Statistical analyses were performed by using STATA 12.0.
RESULTS : The identification accuracy of MALDI-TOF MS was 84% for species (I 2 = 98.0%, P < 0.1), and 92% for genus (I 2 = 96.6%, P < 0.1). Thereinto, the identification accuracy of Bacteroides was the highest at 96% with a 95% CI of 95-97%, followed by Lactobacillus spp., Parabacteroides spp., Clostridium spp., Propionibacterium spp., Prevotella spp., Veillonella spp. and Peptostreptococcus spp., and their correct identification rates were all above 90%, while the accuracy of rare anaerobic bacteria was relatively low. Meanwhile, the overall capabilities of two MALDI-TOF MS systems were different. The identification accuracy rate was 90% for VITEK MS vs . 86% for MALDI biotyper system.
CONCLUSIONS: Our research showed that MALDI-TOF-MS was satisfactory in genus identification of clinical pathogenic anaerobic bacteria. However, this method still suffers from different drawbacks in precise identification of rare anaerobe and species levels of common anaerobic bacteria.
Key words : MALDI-TOF MS , anaerobec, bacteria identification
Assessment of drinking water quality in regional New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Senevirathna S. T. M. L. D. , Goncher Andrea M. , Hollier Aaron 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There is a substantial research gap relating to the quality of drinking water in regional Australia and identifying possible improvements. In particular, the quality of water available in public places (washing and drinking), such as water bubblers installed in regional parks, schools, rest areas and railway stations, is poorly investigated. This paper discusses the primary and secondary water quality of eight water distribution networks in New South Wales (NSW) regional towns. An analysis of a large number of drinking water samples (more than 11,000) identified that maintaining microbial water quality and the required free chlorine level (&gt;0.2 mg/L) are challenging issues for regional water distribution networks. Sixty-three per cent of the samples collected from the water outlets available in public places of a regional town showed free chlorine levels of &lt;0.2 mg/L, and 30% of samples showed positive results for total coliform. All heavy metal levels of the samples were within the safe level. Water temperature was identified as the most problematic secondary water quality parameter in public water bubblers. Stainless steel was the common material used in bubblers where surface temperatures exceeded 50 °C during summer. This study identifies possible design and operational modifications to improve regional drinking water quality and make public water bubblers more usable.
Individual DNA Methylation Profile is Correlated with Age and can be Targeted to Modulate Healthy Aging and Longevity
Authors: Guarasci Francesco , D'Aquila Patrizia , Montesanto Alberto , Corsonello Andrea , Bellizzi Dina , Passarino Giuseppe 
Published: November 2019

:Patterns of DNA methylation, the best characterized epigenetic modification, are modulated by aging. In humans, different studies at both site-specific and genome-wide levels have reported that modifications of DNA methylation are associated with the chronological aging process but also with the quality of aging (or biological aging), providing new perspectives for establishing powerful biomarkers of aging.:In this article, the role of DNA methylation in aging and longevity has been reviewed by analysing literature data about DNA methylation variations occurring during the lifetime in response to environmental factors and genetic background, and their association with the aging process and, in particular, with the quality of aging. Special attention has been devoted to the relationship between nuclear DNA methylation patterns, mitochondrial DNA epigenetic modifications, and longevity. Mitochondrial DNA has recently been reported to modulate global DNA methylation levels of the nuclear genome during the lifetime, and, in spite of the previous belief, it has been found to be the target of methylation modifications.:Analysis of DNA methylation profiles across lifetime shows that a remodeling of the methylome occurs with age and/or with age-related decline. Thus, it can be an excellent biomarker of aging and of the individual decline and frailty status. The knowledge about the mechanisms underlying these modifications is crucial since it might allow the opportunity for targeted treatment to modulate the rate of aging and longevity.
Serum Vitamin D Levels in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Before and During Treatment
Authors: Mohamed Amal A. , Abdo Sabry , Said Ebada , El Agawy Waleed , Awad Peter , Ghanem Ayat I.M. , Khattab Rania A. , El-damasy Dalia A. , Elkadeem Mahmoud , Abd-Elsalam Sherief 
Published: November 2019

Background & Aims:
Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection and it
is a major global health problem. Over the past decade, numerous studies have reported that patients
with CLD, especially HCV-positive and HBV-positive patients, have decreased 25(OH) D
levels. The current study was designed to assess the serum levels of vitamin D [25(OH) D3] in
chronic hepatitis B patients, before and during treatment with antiviral therapy.

Methods:
It was a prospective study in which 80 subjects were enrolled between December 2017
and June 2018. A total of 50 treatment-naïve chronic HBV patients and 30 healthy subjects were
recruited. The studied cases received treatment in the form of Lamivudine 100 mg tablet, once
daily. Full routine laboratory investigations, HBV DNA measurement by real-time PCR were
conducted once before initiation of antiviral treatment and again at least 6 months later. Serum vitamin
D level [25(OH)D3 was assessed twice, once before initiation of antiviral treatment and
again at least 6 months later. This was done for all the patients enrolled in the study.

Results:
The studied cases showed a significantly low mean serum Vitamin D level when assessed
before treatment (21.6 ± 5.8 ng/ml), compared to the level after 6 ms of treatment (31.1 ± 7.3
ng/ml) which was comparable to that of the control group (33.4 ± 5 ng/ml).

Conclusion:
The present study highlights the impact of antiviral therapy on vitamin D deficiency
in CHB patients, where effective therapy improves vitamin D levels. Meanwhile, it is recommended
to study the impact of vitamin D replacement and correction on the disease progression or
regression.
Neurobehavioral Consequences Associated with Long Term Tramadol Utilization and Pathological Mechanisms
Authors: Raj Khadga , Chawla Pooja , Singh Shamsher 
Published: November 2019

:
Tramadol is a synthetic analog of codeine used to treat pain of moderate to severe intensity
and is reported to have neurotoxic potential. At therapeutic dose, tramadol does not cause major side
effects in comparison to other opioid analgesics, and is useful for the management of neurological
problems like anxiety and depression. Long term utilization of tramadol is associated with various neurological
disorders like seizures, serotonin syndrome, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease.
Tramadol produces seizures through inhibition of nitric oxide, serotonin reuptake and inhibitory effects
on GABA receptors. Extensive tramadol intake alters redox balance through elevating lipid peroxidation
and free radical leading to neurotoxicity and produces neurobehavioral deficits. During Alzheimer’s
disease progression, low level of intracellular signalling molecules like cGMP, cAMP, PKC
and PKA affect both learning and memory. Pharmacologically tramadol produces actions similar to Selective
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), increasing the concentration of serotonin, which causes
serotonin syndrome. In addition, tramadol also inhibits GABAA receptors in the CNS has been evidenced
to interfere with dopamine synthesis and release, responsible for motor symptoms. The reduced
level of dopamine may produce bradykinesia and tremors which are chief motor abnormalities in Parkinson’s
Disease (PD).
Facile Synthesis of 1,8-dioxooctahydro Xanthenes by Reusable Zinc Sulfide based Ternary Nanocomposite via Hydrothermal Route
Authors: Sunkara Jhansi R. , Botsa Sathish M. 
Published: November 2019

Background:Metal oxide or metal oxide composite nanoparticles are attaining tremendous importance due to their catalytic activities for various organic transformations.Objective:To report the one-pot synthesis of xanthene derivatives prepared by ZnS-Fe2O3-Ag composite under solvent-free conditions.Method:To prepare nanocomposite by a facile and simple hydrothermal approach.Results:The prepared composite is smaller (17.56 nm) in size and can be easily separable, recycled and reused six times without any significant loss of catalytic activity with excellent yields. In short reaction time, great catalytic activity was perceived with no co-catalyst and any other activator.Conclusion:In conclusion, ZnS-Fe2O3-Ag composite provides a simple, economical, efficient and greener method for the synthesis of one-pot multicomponent reaction of aldehyde with 1,3-diketones under solvent free conditions for the synthesis of 1,8-dioxooctahydro xanthenes. In short reaction time, great catalytic activity was perceived with no co-catalyst and any other activator.
TEACHING ENGLISH VOCABULARY USING PICTURE IN EIGHTH GRADE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Winita Restu Anggi , Rasyida Fairuz Sopiya 
Published: November 2019

This research focused with teaching English vocabulary using picture in eight grade of junior high school. This research explores the implementation of English vocabulary and to find out the score improvement in using picture in learning process. The objective of this research is to find out the effectiveness of picture in improving students’ vocabulary. Data collection technique focus on pretest and posttest. Picture is a good media to make everything like real and can visualize to the lesson environtment. The means score of pretest was 42.33 and the posttest get improve to 76.50. It could also be concuded that teaching English vocabulary using picture was effective media to improve students’ vocabulary.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXT USING CIRC TECHNIQUE
Authors: Anwar Syamsul , Januar Ruanda 
Published: November 2019

This research become performed in MA Al-Mukhtariyah Mande West Bandung. The objective of this research is used to investigate the implementation of CIRC technique in improving the students reading comprehension of descriptive text. The method used in this research was quantitative method. The design of the research was pre-experimental design. There are three steps involving pre-experimental design. The first step is the administration of pre-test measuring the dependent variable. The second step is the application of the experimental treatment (independent variable) to the subjects, and the final step is the administration of a posttest measuring the dependent variable again. It has seven times of conducting data, namely pretest, posttest, and five times treatments. Based on the result of pre-test, we observed that students’ reading comprehension is below average, the mean score of pre-test is 42.79. After the implementation of CIRC technique in every meetings, the students’ reading comprehension had been getting better, it is able to be seen in average of the mean score of post-test becam 73.82. It is able to be concluded that CIRC techniqiue can improve students’ reading comprehension. Keywords: Reading Comprehension, Descriptive Text, CIRC Technique
An Analysis of Idioms in “Guardian of the Galaxy Vol.2” Movie
Authors: Rosalia Sasa , Noerazizah Siti , Anggraeni Anita 
Published: November 2019

The aims of this research is to find out the types of idiom which is used in Guardian of Galaxy Vol.2 Movie and type of idiom which mostly presented in the movie. In this research, the writer used qualitative method. In collecting data, the writer used a movie script which downloaded from the internet and the writer analyzed it based on O’Dell & McCarthy theory. O’Dell & McCarthy argued that idioms are divided into 6 types; simile, binomials, proverbs, euphemism, clichès and fixed statement, and other language. The result of the analyzed data showed that from 6 types of idiom, only three types of idioms appear in this movie, which are; simile (4), binomial (6), and fixed statement (9). Keyword: Idiom, Movie
THE USE FLASH CARD TO IMPROVE YOUNG LEARNER’S VOCABULARY MASTERY
Authors: Andriyadi Andriyadi , Irawan Apep Nana 
Published: November 2019

This paper describes the using of flash cards to improve mastery of the vocabulary of young learners. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the effectiveness and ineffectiveness of flash cards used in teaching vocabulary for young learners. Researchers conducted research using quantitative methods to elementary school children in SDN 2 Cijenuk. The study was conducted in four steps: first planning action, second implementation, and third observation, and last reflection. Data were collected using quantitative data collection techniques. The results showed that the use of Flashcards can improve the mastery of children's vocabulary. This can be seen from the average value of the test that increased from 71.50 on the previous test to 85.55 in the post-test. Using a flash card can make students pay attention to the lessons well and not make students bored, also makes the learning atmosphere more controllable. Keywords: Vocabulary Mastery, Flash Card, Young Learner
AN ANALYSIS OF DONAL J.TRUMPS REMARKS ”MY FELLOW AMERICANS” USING INTERPERSONAL METAFUNCTION
Authors: Sari Mayang , Ariani Dian Meta 
Published: November 2019

The aims of this reasearch is analyzing President Donal J.Trump statement in weekly address on www.whitehouse.gov entitle “My fellow american” based on systemic functional grammar. The writers focused on interpersonal metafunction which consist of mood and speech functions. The method in this research used qualitative analysis method. The data were analyzed using mood structure analysis by M.A.K Haliday. The text entitled My Fellow American the statement by President Donal J.Trump Remarks is categorized into the text which uses declarative mood type the most (69,2%) which indicates the position o the speaker provider of information and the listeners as the recepeint of information. The clauses in the text are said by temporal deicticity or finite tense the most (89%), while the modality deicticity only appears a little (5%) which indicates that the speaker has no right to persuade the listeners because the genre of the text is narrative which functions only to telling the listeners.There are only two speech functions found in the transcipt of President Donal J.Trump are statment and question. Statement as mostly appeared in the text which reaches precentage 75% whereas question only reaches percentage 25%. So it can be concluded that speech function used in the transcipt is statement with function to give information.
IMPROVING STUDENT’S VOCABULARY MASTERY THROUGH COOPERATIVE SCRIPT ON DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
Authors: Aisyah Nenis Siti , Hidayatur Rahma Nur Afni , Yugafiati Rasi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract This study is revealed based on the observation on the tenth grade of X HT 1 Sangkuriang 2 Vocational High School. The subjects of this study were consisted of 31 students. This study was aimed to improve the students’ vocabulary mastery using Cooperative Script Method. The research design was Classroom Action Research (CAR) which following from Kemmis and Taggart model. It is used to obtain the results of quantitative and qualitative data using 2 cycles described through planning, action, observation, and reflection on each cycle. The result of the study showed that there was a development on the student’s vocabulary mastery. It could be seen from the result of the test. The Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM) of English lesson was 70. The students mean score in the pre test was 50, in the first post test the mean score was 65, and in the second post test the mean score was 85. In addition there were 2 students (6,4%) who passed KKM on pre test. In the first pretest there were 9 students (29,03%) who passed KKM. In the second pretest there were 29 students (93,55%) who passed KKM. Then, from the result of field notes and interview it showed the positive responses from the students. The students can be more active and improve their ideas. The researcher conclude that Cooperative Script method could improve student’s vocabulary mastery. Keywords: Vocabulary, Cooperative Script, Descriptive Text, CAR