bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemokine C–C motif ligand 2 overexpression drives tissue-specific metabolic responses in the liver and muscle of mice
Authors: Luciano-Mateo Fedra , Cabré Noemí , Fernández-Arroyo Salvador , Baiges-Gaya Gerard , Hernández-Aguilera Anna , Rodríguez-Tomàs Elisabet , Muñoz-Pinedo Cristina , Menéndez Javier A. , Camps Jordi , Joven Jorge 
Published: July 2020

AbstractChemokine (C–C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) has been associated with chronic metabolic diseases. We aimed to investigate whether Ccl2 gene overexpression is involved in the regulation of signaling pathways in metabolic organs. Biochemical and histological analyses were used to explore tissue damage in cisgenic mice that overexpressed the Ccl2 gene. Metabolites from energy and one-carbon metabolism in liver and muscle extracts were measured by targeted metabolomics. Western blot analysis was used to explore the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin pathways. Ccl2 overexpression resulted in steatosis, decreased AMPK activity and altered mitochondrial dynamics in the liver. These changes were associated with decreased oxidative phosphorylation and alterations in the citric acid cycle and transmethylation. In contrast, AMPK activity and its downstream mediators were increased in muscle, where we observed an increase in oxidative phosphorylation and increased concentrations of different metabolites associated with ATP synthesis. In conclusion, Ccl2 overexpression induces distinct metabolic alterations in the liver and muscle that affect mitochondrial dynamics and the regulation of energy sensors involved in cell homeostasis. These data suggest that CCL2 may be a therapeutic target in metabolic diseases.
Fragmented kelp forest canopies retain their ability to alter local seawater chemistry
Authors: Murie Kindall A. , Bourdeau Paul E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractKelp forests support some of the most productive and diverse ecosystems on Earth, and their ability to uptake dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) allows them to modify local seawater chemistry, creating gradients in carbon, pH, and oxygen in their vicinity. By taking up both bicarbonate and CO2 as a carbon source for photosynthesis, kelp forests can act as carbon sinks, reducing nearby acidity and increasing dissolved oxygen; creating conditions conducive to calcification. Recent stressors, however, have reduced kelp forest canopies globally; converting once large and persistent forests to fragmented landscapes of small kelp patches. In a two-year study, we determined whether fragmented kelp patches retained the ability to alter local seawater chemistry. We found that diel fluctuations of multiple parameters of carbonate chemistry were greater in the kelp canopy than in the kelp benthos and in adjacent urchin barrens, consistent with metabolic activity by the kelp. Further, kelp fragments increased pH and aragonite saturation and decreased pCO2 during the day to a similar degree as large, intact kelp forests. We conclude that small kelp patches could mitigate OA stress and serve as spatial and temporal refugia for canopy-dwelling organisms, though this effect is temporary and confined to daylight hours during the growing season.
Human essential hypertension: no significant association of polygenic risk scores with antihypertensive drug responses
Authors: Sánez Tähtisalo Heini , Ruotsalainen Sanni , Mars Nina , Porthan Kimmo , Oikarinen Lasse , Virolainen Juha , Fyhrquist Frej , Ripatti Samuli , Kontula Kimmo K. , Hiltunen Timo P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPolygenic risk scores (PRSs) for essential hypertension, calculated from > 900 genomic loci, were recently found to explain a significant fraction of hypertension heritability and complications. To investigate whether variation of hypertension PRS also captures variation of antihypertensive drug responsiveness, we calculated two different PRSs for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure: one based on the top 793 independent hypertension-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms and another based on over 1 million genome-wide variants. Using our pharmacogenomic GENRES study comprising four different antihypertensive monotherapies (n ~ 200 for all drugs), we identified a weak, but (after Bonferroni correction) statistically nonsignificant association of higher genome-wide PRSs with weaker response to a diuretic. In addition, we noticed a correlation between high genome-wide PRS and electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy. Finally, using data of the Finnish arm of the LIFE study (n = 346), we found that PRSs for systolic blood pressure were slightly higher in patients with drug-resistant hypertension than in those with drug-controlled hypertension (p = 0.03, not significant after Bonferroni correction). In conclusion, our results indicate that patients with elevated hypertension PRSs may be predisposed to difficult-to-control hypertension and complications thereof. No general association between a high PRS and less efficient drug responsiveness was noticed.
Estrogens decrease osteoclast number by attenuating mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production in early osteoclast precursors
Authors: Kim Ha-Neui , Ponte Filipa , Nookaew Intawat , Ucer Ozgurel Serra , Marques-Carvalho Adriana , Iyer Srividhya , Warren Aaron , Aykin-Burns Nukhet , Krager Kimberly , Sardao Vilma A. , Han Li , de Cabo Rafael , Zhao Haibo , Jilka Robert L. , Manolagas Stavros C. , Almeida Maria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLoss of estrogens at menopause is a major cause of osteoporosis and increased fracture risk. Estrogens protect against bone loss by decreasing osteoclast number through direct actions on cells of the myeloid lineage. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of this effect. We report that 17β-estradiol (E2) decreased osteoclast number by promoting the apoptosis of early osteoclast progenitors, but not mature osteoclasts. This effect was abrogated in cells lacking Bak/Bax—two pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins required for mitochondrial apoptotic death. FasL has been previously implicated in the pro-apoptotic actions of E2. However, we show herein that FasL-deficient mice lose bone mass following ovariectomy indistinguishably from FasL-intact controls, indicating that FasL is not a major contributor to the anti-osteoclastogenic actions of estrogens. Instead, using microarray analysis we have elucidated that ERα-mediated estrogen signaling in osteoclast progenitors decreases “oxidative phosphorylation” and the expression of mitochondria complex I genes. Additionally, E2 decreased the activity of complex I and oxygen consumption rate. Similar to E2, the complex I inhibitor Rotenone decreased osteoclastogenesis by promoting osteoclast progenitor apoptosis via Bak/Bax. These findings demonstrate that estrogens decrease osteoclast number by attenuating respiration, and thereby, promoting mitochondrial apoptotic death of early osteoclast progenitors.
Intracellular ion concentrations and cation-dependent remodelling of bacterial MreB assemblies
Authors: Szatmári Dávid , Sárkány Péter , Kocsis Béla , Nagy Tamás , Miseta Attila , Barkó Szilvia , Longauer Beáta , Robinson Robert C. , Nyitrai Miklós 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHere, we measured the concentrations of several ions in cultivated Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and analyzed their effects on polymer formation by the actin homologue MreB. We measured potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium and magnesium ion concentrations in Leptospira interrogans, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. Intracellular ionic strength contributed from these ions varied within the 130–273 mM range. The intracellular sodium ion concentration range was between 122 and 296 mM and the potassium ion concentration range was 5 and 38 mM. However, the levels were significantly influenced by extracellular ion levels. L. interrogans, Rickettsia rickettsii and E. coli MreBs were heterologously expressed and purified from E. coli using a novel filtration method to prepare MreB polymers. The structures and stability of Alexa-488 labeled MreB polymers, under varying ionic strength conditions, were investigated by confocal microscopy and MreB polymerization rates were assessed by measuring light scattering. MreB polymerization was fastest in the presence of monovalent cations in the 200–300 mM range. MreB filaments showed high stability in this concentration range and formed large assemblies of tape-like bundles that transformed to extensive sheets at higher ionic strengths. Changing the calcium concentration from 0.2 to 0 mM and then to 2 mM initialized rapid remodelling of MreB polymers.
Teilhabemöglichkeit, Partizipation, Inklusion und psychisches Befinden im Zusammenhang mit Ausgangsbeschränkungen aufgrund SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Schützwohl Matthias , Mergel Eduard 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Untersuchung der Auswirkungen der Coronapandemie und der in diesem Zusammenhang ausgesprochenen Ausgangsbeschränkungen auf Teilhabemöglichkeiten, Partizipation, Inklusionserleben und psychisches Befinden bei Personen, die sich mit Blick auf das Vorliegen einer akuten oder chronischen psychischen Störung unterschiedlichen Gruppen zuordnen lassen.
Methodik Follow-up-Erhebung mittels Fragebogen zur Erfassung von Partizipation und sozialer Inklusion (F-INK), Index zur Messung von Einschränkungen der Teilhabe (IMET) und BSI-18 (n = 132).
Ergebnisse In Abhängigkeit vom Vorliegen einer akuten oder chronischen psychischen Störung waren die Studienteilnehmer in ihren Teilhabemöglichkeiten sehr unterschiedlich betroffen. In keiner der untersuchten Gruppen kam es zu einem Anstieg psychischer Beschwerden.
Schlussfolgerung Es fand sich kein Hinweis dafür, dass es zu Beginn der Coronapandemie und im Zusammenhang mit einer vierwöchigen Ausgangsbeschränkung zu negativen psychischen Folgen kam.
A Descriptive Study on Aeroallergen Sensitivity Pattern in Children with Bronchial Asthma and/or Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Yadav Saket , Mathur Madhu , Agarwal Gunjan , Sharma Abhishek Kumar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background The growing prevalence of allergy and asthma in India has become a major health concern, with symptoms ranging from mild rhinitis to severe asthma, and aeroallergens play a major role in the pathogenesis of reactive airway diseases. The distribution of aeroallergen and the knowledge of allergen sensitivity pattern in northern India (Rajasthan) are limited. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of various aeroallergens in children with bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis by skin prick test at a tertiary care center in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Methods Children who had presented to the Department of Pediatrics (outpatient department and inpatient department), Mahatma Gandhi Medical College, Jaipur, from January 2018 to June 2019 fulfilling the inclusion criteria, were included in this prospective study. A total of 15 antigens were used. Skin prick testing was performed as per standard protocol.
Result Among total 60 children with respiratory allergic diseases, overall the highest percentage of skin prick test positivity was found among house dust mite (66.6%), storage mite (41.6%), wheat (33.3%), animal dander (30%), and Kentucky bluegrass (26.6%), in that order.
Conclusion It is advised to avoid common inhaled allergens found with SPT in our region in children with allergic airway diseases.
Perforated Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Tzivanakis Alexios , Moran Brendan J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe majority of patients with colorectal tumors will present via the elective route. However, one-fifth of patients will present as an emergency. The most common cause of emergency presentation of colorectal cancer is obstruction followed by perforation, and in many cases, patients will present with both. We discuss the management of the patient presenting with a perforated colorectal tumor covering the acute presentation and also how to deal with consequences of a perforated tumor, namely, the management of colorectal peritoneal metastasis (CPM). CPM used to be considered a terminal condition; however, a strategy of early detection of CPM, careful patient selection for cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, leads to much improved outcomes and even cure, in some patient compared with systemic chemotherapy alone.
Mid- to Long-Term Survivorship Analysis of a Second-Generation Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Yeroushalmi David , Lygrisse Katherine A. , Sharan Mohamad , Maher Nolan A. , Zuckerman Joseph D. , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe emergence of highly cross-linked polyethylene (HCLPE) has drastically improved survivorship of implants used in total hip arthroplasty (THA), as demonstrated by midterm outcomes. However, there is limited data evaluating long-term outcomes and wear rates of these liners. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the longest-to-date follow-up of a specific second-generation HCLPE liner, the progression of wear rate, and its relation to acetabular cup positioning. A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent THA between January 2001 and December 2005 using a specific second-generation HCLPE liner. Annual liner wear rate (mm/year) was calculated in this group as well as acetabular positioning through abduction angle (degrees). Failures and reason for failures such as periprosthetic fracture, dislocation, and osteolysis were noted when applicable. Forty hips of 35 patients were included in this study with a clinical and radiographic follow-up of 13.4 ± 2.2 years (range: 10.0–16.7 years). Linear and volumetric wear rates were calculated to be 0.037 ± 0.020 mm/year and 22.94 ± 12.07 mm3/year, respectively. No radiographic femoral or acetabular osteolysis was observed in any of the cases. One patient required revision due to complications unrelated to the liner. No significant relationship could be established for acetabular component abduction angle and linear wear rate (p = 0.690, Spearman's rho = 0.03). Our study demonstrates comparable liner wear rates to that of other second-generation HCLPE liners in long-term follow-up. The XLPE liner continues to exhibit minimal progression of linear wear when compared with previous midterm studies and maintains a low rate of postoperative complications requiring revision THA surgery. Further studies are warranted to assess long-term wear and survivorship between this specific liner and comparable HCLPE models.
Realizing an online conference
Authors: Busse Beatrix , Kleiber Ingo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper aims to assist future organizers of international online conferences with designing and realizing these
events. On the basis of the authors’ experience of having to move a corpus linguistics conference – originally planned as a
physical event – into the digital space, this paper describes the conference’s organization and management structure, outlines the
software and communication tools used and sketches what is important to foster interaction and discourse among participants. The
paper contains a manual and a checklist for preparing an online conference, and a discussion of the chances of online and hybrid
conferences in terms of outreach, Open Access and co-creation. It ends with an appeal to colleagues to devise conferences with
courage, develop new ways of transferring linguistic research findings (to the public) and to move out of their comfort zones to
sustainably use the digital transformation for innovative paths of exchanging research findings.
Durgapal IV model considering the minimal geometric deformation approach
Authors: Tello-Ortiz Francisco , Rincón Ángel , Bhar Piyali , Gomez-Leyton Y. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The present article reports the study of local anisotropic effects on Durgapal's fourth model in the context of gravitational decoupling via the minimal geometric deformation approach. To achieve this, the most general equation of state relating the components of the θ−sector is imposed to obtain the decoupler function

. In addition, certain properties of the obtained solution, such as the behavior of the salient material content threading the stellar interior; causality and energy conditions; hydrostatic balance through the modified Tolman−Oppenheimer−Volkoff conservation equation and stability mechanism against local anisotropies using the adiabatic index; sound velocity of the pressure waves; convection factor; and the Harrison−Zeldovich−Novikov procedure, are investigated to check whether the model is physically admissible or not. Regarding the stability analysis, it is found that the model presents unstable regions when the sound speed of the pressure waves and convection factor are used in distinction with the adiabatic index and Harrison−Zeldovich−Novikov case. To produce a more realistic picture, the numerical data for some known compact objects were determined and different values of the parameter

were considered to compare with the GR case, i.e.,

.
Multi-pole dark energy *
Authors: Feng Chao-Jun , Zhai Xiang-Hua , Li Xin-Zhou 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A scalar field with a pole in its kinetic term is often used to study cosmological inflation; it can also play the role of dark energy, which is called the pole dark energy model. We propose a generalized model where the scalar field may have two or even multiple poles in the kinetic term, and we call it the multi-pole dark energy. We find that the poles can place some restrictions on the values of the original scalar field with a non-canonical kinetic term. After the transformation to the canonical form, we get a flat potential for the transformed scalar field even if the original field has a steep one. The late-time evolution of the universe is obtained explicitly for the two pole model, while dynamical analysis is performed for the multiple pole model. We find that it does have a stable attractor solution, which corresponds to the universe dominated by the potential of the scalar field.
The U.S. consumer phosphorus footprint: where do nitrogen and phosphorus diverge?
Authors: Metson Geneviève S , MacDonald Graham K , Leach Allison M , Compton Jana E , Harrison John A , Galloway James N 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) are essential nutrients for food production but their excess use in agriculture can have major social costs, particularly related to water quality degradation. Nutrient footprint approaches estimate N and P release to the environment through food production and waste management and enable linking these emissions to particular consumption patterns. Following an established method for quantifying a consumer-oriented N footprint for the United States (U.S.), we calculate an analogous P footprint and assess the N:P ratio across different stages of food production and consumption. Circa 2012, the average consumer’s P footprint was 4.4 kg P capita−1 yr−1 compared to 22.4 kg N capita−1 yr−1 for the food portion of the N footprint. Animal products have the largest contribution to both footprints, comprising >70% of the average per capita N and P footprints. The N:P ratio of environmental release based on virtual nutrient factors (kilograms N or P per kilogram of food consumed) varies considerably across food groups and stages. The overall N:P ratio of the footprints was lower (5.2 by mass) than for that of U.S. food consumption (8.6), reinforcing our finding that P is managed less efficiently than N in food production systems but more efficiently removed from wastewater. While strategies like reducing meat consumption will effectively reduce both N and P footprints by decreasing overall synthetic fertilizer nutrient demands, consideration of how food production and waste treatment differentially affect N and P releases to the environment can also inform eutrophication management.
Activity of carbonyl cyanide-3-chlorophenylhydrazone on biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa using quantum dots-meropenem conjugates as nanotools
Authors: Silva Júnior Valdemir V , Raposo Bruno L , Lopes Ana C S , Araújo Paulo S R , Fontes Adriana , Cabral Filho Paulo E , Maciel Maria A V 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Hospital infections associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa are a worldwide public health problem. Efflux systems and biofilm formation are mechanisms related to resistance to carbapenemics. In this study, quantum dots (QDs) were used to evaluate the effect of carbonyl cyanide-3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), an efflux pump system inhibitor, on biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance profile of P. aeruginosa strains. For this, QDs were covalently conjugated to meropenem (MPM) and incubated with a P. aeruginosa resistant isolate (P118) or a control sensitive strain (ATCC Pa27853). P118 was also analyzed with conjugates after previous CCCP efflux inhibitor incubation. Fluorescence microscopy images showed that both sensitive and resistant bacteria were efficiently labeled. Nevertheless, P118 isolates presented fluorescent cell agglomerates, suggesting biofilm formation. The addition of the CCCP changed the labeling profile of the resistant isolate, and the absence of agglomerates was observed, indicating no biofilm formation. Genetic assays revealed the presence of MexA and MexE genes encoding channel proteins from efflux pump systems in both resistant and sensitive strains. Disk-diffusion and broth microdilution tests determined drug susceptibility profiles in the presence and absence of CCCP for P118 isolates. We verified that the CCCP efflux system inhibitor may contribute to P. aeruginosa resistant phenotype reduction for some antimicrobials. This study verified the efficiency of QD-MPM conjugates to trigger and study biofilm formation, or its inhibition, before and after CCCP addition. QDs conjugated to antimicrobials can be used as nanotools to investigate multidrug-resistant bacterial strains on biofilm formation.
The use of antifreeze proteins to modify pore structure in directionally frozen alginate sponges for cartilage tissue engineering
Authors: Sturtivant Alexander , Callanan Anthony 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
It is thought that osteoarthritis is one of the world’s leading causes of disability, with over 8.75 million people in the UK alone seeking medical treatment in 2013. Although a number of treatments are currently in use, a new wave of tissue engineered structures are being investigated as potential solutions for early intervention. One of the key challenges seen in cartilage tissue engineering is producing constructs that can support the formation of articular cartilage, rather than mechanically inferior fibrocartilage. Some research has suggested that mimicking structural properties of the natural cartilage can be used to enhance this response. Herein directional freezing was used to fabricate scaffolds with directionally aligned pores mimicking the mid-region of cartilage, anti-freeze proteins were used to modify the porous structure, which in turn effected the mechanical properties. Pore areas at the tops of the scaffolds were 180.46 ± 44.17 μm2 and 65.66 ± 36.20 μm2 for the AFP free and the AFP scaffolds respectively, and for the bases of the scaffolds were 91.22 ± 19.05 μm2 and 69.41 ± 21.94 μm2 respectively. Scaffolds were seeded with primary bovine chondrocytes, with viability maintained over the course of the study, and regulation of key genes was observed.