bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curcumin suppresses the proliferation and tumorigenicity of Cal27 by modulating cancer‐associated fibroblasts of TSCC
Authors: Ba Pengfei , Xu Mingcai , Yu Miao , Li Linxia , Duan Xiaoyu , Lv Shuyan , Fu Guo , Yang Jianbo , Yang Pishan , Yang Chengzhe , Sun Qinfeng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are “activated” fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play a vital role in all steps of cancer development. Increasing evidence focusing on the function of CAFs suggests that CAFs are candidate therapeutic targets and that drugs targeting the modification of CAFs would suppress tumor progression and be beneficial to tumor treatment and prevention. In the present study, we found that curcumin reversed the phenotype of CAFs to that of peri‐tumor fibroblast (PTF)‐like cells by downregulating the expression of α‐SMA (a special marker for CAFs) and inhibiting the secretion of pro‐carcinogenic cytokines, including transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1), matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP2), and stromal cell‐derived factor‐1 (SDF‐1). We further demonstrated that the conditioned medium (CM) derived from CAFs promoted the proliferation of Cal27, and this effect was confirmed by the xenograft model. More importantly, we found that curcumin blocked the CAF‐mediated enhancement of Cal27 proliferation in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, our data suggest that curcumin reverses cell phenotype from CAF to PTF‐like cells and suppresses the CAF‐mediated proliferation and tumorigenicity of Cal27 by inhibiting TSCC CAFs.
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin: From mechanism to targeted anti‐toxin therapeutics
Authors: Krueger Eric , Brown Angela C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram‐negative bacterium associated with localized aggressive periodontitis, as well as other systemic diseases. This organism produces a number of virulence factors, all of which provide some advantage to the bacterium. Several studies have demonstrated that clinical isolates from diseased patients, particularly those of African descent, frequently belong to specific clones of A. actinomycetemcomitans that produce significantly higher amounts of a protein exotoxin belonging to the repeats‐in‐toxin (RTX) family, leukotoxin (LtxA), whereas isolates from healthy patients harbor minimally leukotoxic strains. This finding suggests that LtxA might play a key role in A. actinomycetemcomitans pathogenicity. Because of this correlation, much work over the past 30 years has been focused on understanding the mechanisms by which LtxA interacts with and kills host cells. In this article, we review those findings, highlight the remaining open questions, and demonstrate how knowledge of these mechanisms, particularly the toxin's interactions with lymphocyte function‐associated antigen‐1 (LFA‐1) and cholesterol, enables the design of targeted anti‐LtxA strategies to prevent/treat disease.
Adverse pregnancy outcomes and risk of later allergic rhinitis—Nationwide Swedish cohort study
Authors: Mitselou Niki , Hallberg Jenny , Stephansson Olof , Almqvist Catarina , Melén Erik , Ludvigsson Jonas F. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundPerinatal conditions may be associated with future allergic disease; however, data are conflicting and incomplete for childhood allergic rhinitis (AR). The aim of this study was to examine pregnancy outcome (cesarean delivery, preterm birth, low birthweight) and offspring AR as defined by national registers.MethodsNationwide longitudinal cohort study using prospectively recorded register data from 1 059 600 singleton livebirths born in Sweden in 2001‐2012. Cox regression adjusted for infant sex and maternal factors (age at delivery, country of birth, parity, smoking, body mass index, and asthma/pulmonary disease) estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for AR during childhood.ResultsDuring the study period 2001‐2013, 22 386 (2.11%) children were diagnosed with AR. AR was more common in infants born through cesarean delivery (2.34%) than in those born vaginally (2.10%) (HR = 1.12; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.08‐1.16). This was equivalent to one extra case of AR in 383 children followed up in our study. AR was also associated with moderately preterm birth (≥32‐36 weeks of gestation: HR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.04‐1.20), large for gestational age (HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01‐1.10), and low (<7) 5‐minute Apgar score (HR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.02‐1.30). Similar risk estimates were obtained when we restricted the outcome to ≥2 hospital‐based records of AR. No association was observed between very preterm birth, post‐term birth, low birthweight, or small for gestational age and AR.ConclusionOur study indicates an association between pregnancy outcomes and childhood AR, although observed effect sizes were generally modest.
The evaluation of malignancies in Turkish primary immunodeficiency patients; a multicenter study
Authors: Cekic Sukru , Metin Ayse , Aytekin Caner , Edeer Karaca Neslihan , Baris Safa , Karali Yasin , Kiykim Ayca , Karakoc Aydıner Elif , Ozen Ahmet , Aslan Torehan , Sevinir Betul , Aksu Guzide , Kutukculer Necil , Kilic Sara Sebnem 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are no data regarding the prevalence of malignancies in patients with primary immunodeficiency (PID) in Turkey. Along with the prevalence of malignancy, we aimed to present the types of malignancy and define the underlying immune deficiency of the patients.MethodBetween the years 1992 and 2018, from five tertiary immunology clinics, fifty‐nine patients with PID who developed malignancy were included. All patients were evaluated for demographics, clinical features, and prognosis.ResultsThe prevalence of malignancy in our cohort was detected as 0.9% (59/6392). The male‐to‐female ratio was 1.8 (38/21), and the median age of patients was 14 years (range: 1.5‐51). The median age at diagnosis of malignancy was 10 years (range: 1.5‐51). Ataxia‐telangiectasia was the most frequent PID in patients with malignancy (n = 19, 32.2%), and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma was the most common malignancy (n = 32, 51.6%). The rate of malignancy in DOCK8 deficiency (n = 7/43, 16.3%) was higher than AT (n = 19/193, 9.8%), Wiskott‐Aldrich syndrome (n = 2/22, 9.1%), and common variable immunodeficiency (n = 11/205, 5.4%). EBV quantitative PCR was positive in 16 out of 53 patients (30.2%). Three patients had secondary malignancies. Remission was achieved in 26 patients (44.1%). However, 31 patients (52.5%) died. Two patients (3.4%) are still on chemotherapy.ConclusionThis study is the largest cohort investigating the association of malignancy in patients with PID in Turkey. While lymphoid malignancies were the most common malignancy and observed more frequently in AT patients, the risk for malignancy was higher in patients with DOCK8 deficiency compared to AT.
OsmiR167a‐targeted auxin response factors modulate tiller angle via fine‐tuning auxin distribution in rice
Authors: Li Yan , Li Jiali , Chen Zhihui , Wei Yi , Qi Yanhua , Wu Changyin 
Published: February 2020

SummaryRice tiller angle determines plant growth density and further contributes grain production. Although a few genes have been characterized to regulate tiller angle in rice, the molecular mechanism underlying the control of tiller angle via microRNA is poorly understood. Here, we report that rice tiller angle is controlled by OsmiR167a‐targeted auxin response factors OsARF12, OsARF17 and OsARF25. In the overexpression of OsMIR167a plants, the expression of OsARF12, OsARF17 and OsARF25 was severely repressed and displayed larger tiller angle as well as the osarf12/osarf17 and osarf12/ osarf25 plants. In addition, those plants showed compromised abnormal auxin distribution and less sensitive to gravity. We also demonstrate that OsARF12, OsARF17 and OsARF25 function redundantly and might be involved in HSFA2D and LAZY1‐dependent asymmetric auxin distribution pathway to control rice tiller angle. Our results reveal that OsmiR167a represses its targets, OsARF12, OsARF17 and OsARF25, to control rice tiller angle by fine‐tuning auxin asymmetric distribution in shoots.
Rickettsiales‐like organisms in bivalves and marine gastropods: a review
Authors: Cruz‐Flores Roberto , Cáceres‐Martínez Jorge 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRickettsiales‐like organisms (RLOs) are intracellular bacteria that have been reported to be symbionts of over 60 species of bivalves and marine gastropod molluscs of aquaculture importance around the world. Morphologically, some of these prokaryotes are similar to bacteria from the order Rickettsiales, and in most cases, they form intracytoplasmic inclusions similar to those observed in bacteria of the family Anaplasmataceae. Genetically, only Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis (CXc), a parasite of several abalone species, has been classified as a member of the order Rickettsiales. The other two characterized RLOs are distantly related; one belongs to the same class (α‐proteobacteria), and the other belongs to the γ‐proteobacteria. Hyperparasitism of RLOs by bacteriophages has been reported in several species of mollusc and appears to have a negative effect on RLOs. The intracellular lifestyle of RLOs has been associated with cell alterations including hypertrophy and compression of the cytoplasmic organelles, and in most cases, no host reaction is observed by histology. In some cases, a high infection intensity of RLOs has been related to dysfunction of the affected organs that can result in disease, and in other cases, high burdens of RLOs have been associated with mortality, but most of these cases have yet to be confirmed. To date, only CXc has been confirmed as the aetiological agent of a chronic and potentially lethal disease of several abalone species known as withering syndrome. This disease is listed by the World Organization of Animal Health. With the ever‐increasing interest in preserving fisheries and expanding the aquaculture production of mollusc species, more efforts should be focused on the characterization and study of RLOs to elucidate the type of symbiosis they maintain with their host and determine when they are acting as true pathogens that should be subjected to control in aquaculture. This review provides an overview of the literature on RLOs that infect bivalves and gastropods of aquaculture importance, and we discuss the most important aspects of these unique prokaryotes.
Market structure and disempowering regulatory intermediaries: Insights from U.S. trade surveillance
Authors: Kellerman Miles 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPublic agencies outsource a wide variety of tasks to nonstate actors, or what can be referred to as regulatory intermediaries. In certain circumstances, these agencies may seek to disempower those regulatory intermediaries by reclaiming, duplicating, or transferring the outsourced task. When will these disempowerment attempts be successful? This article presents the Market Structure Hypothesis, which contends that the level of competition between regulatory intermediaries will, all things equal, determine whether disempowerment attempts succeed. To test this hypothesis, this article examines the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's attempts to acquire the independent capacity to conduct nationwide trade surveillance in the 1980s (Market Oversight Surveillance System) and 2010s (Consolidated Audit Trail). Evidence derives from archival materials, a Freedom of Information Act Request, and 60 interviews in Oxford, London, Toronto, New York City, and Washington, DC. The empirical results corroborate the hypothesis' expectations, contributing to our understanding of public‐private partnerships and shedding new empirical light on an understudied topic of securities regulation.
Relationship (in)security is central to the sources and outcomes of sexist attitudes
Authors: Hammond Matthew D. , Cross Emily J. , Overall Nickola C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAmbivalent sexism theory recognizes that sexist attitudes maintain gender inequalities via sociocultural and close relationship processes. This review advances established work on sociocultural processes by showing how people's need for relationship security is also central to the sources and functions of sexism. Men's hostile sexism—overtly derogatory attitudes toward women—involves insecurities about women exploiting men's relational dependence. Accordingly, men's hostile sexism predicts relational aggression when their dependence on partners is risky. Men's benevolent sexism—patronizing and protective attitudes toward women—offers men relationship security by idealizing traditional gender roles in romantic relationships. Benevolent sexism also appeals to women who seek the security of a devoted partner, but requires women to invest in their relationship at the expense of their independence. Our relationship science perspective reveals that romantic (in)security is critical to why people adopt sexist attitudes and why sexist attitudes create differential costs and benefits for women and men.
The Working Hydraulics of Valve-Controlled Mobile Machines: Classification and Review
Authors: Padovani Damiano , Rundo Massimo , Altare Gabriele 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Productivity, reliability, controllability, flexibility, and affordable costs represent key aspects in mobile machines. Additionally, due to the high fuel price and the introduction of stringent emission regulations for diesel engines, the reduction of fuel consumption while persevering the existing performance is the current demand. In order to satisfy and maximize the above requirements, different hydraulic system architectures have been developed during the last decades. Both academia and industry have been investing considerable resources delivering numerous outcomes that require a classification. This review paper closes this gap by analyzing and classifying the working hydraulics of nonhybrid, valve-controlled mobile machines starting from the 1980s to the state of the art. Hydraulic layouts are addressed and categorized by both discussing their fundamentals and evolutions, and by pointing out their pros and cons in a way to provide the readers with a comprehensive overview of the systems currently available on the market and at the research stage.
A Practical Approach for Designing Fault-Tolerant Position Controllers in Hydraulic Actuators: Methodology and Experimental Validation
Authors: Maddahi Ali , Sepehri Nariman , Kinsner Witold 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Design of fault-tolerant controllers (FTC) for hydraulic actuators is one of the challenges in the area of fluid power systems. In real applications, it is not possible to model or measure some faults accurately. For example, an accurate model for the actuator internal leakage has not been well-established. To prevent the actuator malfunctioning due to the faults (e.g., the internal leakage), there is a need for designing a fault-tolerant control system. In this paper, a methodology is proposed to design an FTC for the hydraulic actuators using experimental data only. In the proposed design procedure, there is no need for either having a prior knowledge about the system and fault models or measuring and detecting the fault during the experiments. The methodology is based on introducing synthetic errors into the hydraulic actuator that is otherwise operating in the healthy mode. Synthetic errors are used to emulate the effect of the fault on the system response. The wavelet transform (WT) is utilized to quantify the effect of the synthetic errors on the error between the desired and actual displacement data. Results of the wavelet analysis are then employed for designing a fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controller tolerant to the fault. The proposed approach is exemplified with the design of a controller tolerant to the internal leakage. Several experiments are conducted to verify the efficacy of the FOPID-based FTC. The experimental results prove that the proposed methodology works well for the hydraulic actuation system experiencing the internal leakage.
Influence of Tire Inflation Pressure on Vehicle Dynamics and Compensation Control on FWID Electric Vehicles
Authors: Wu Jianyang , Wang Zhenpo , Zhao Ze 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a comprehensive study revealing the influences of tire pressure variations and their distribution among four tires on vehicle dynamics performance and driver's steering workload for a four wheel independent drive electric vehicle (FWID EV). Then a direct yaw-moment control (DYC) strategy employing an unbiased adaptive model predictive control (MPC) algorithm is proposed to compensate for the influences. An unbiased estimation strategy is developed to update the time-variant prediction model for the adaptive MPC system. An extended magic formula (MF) tire model and a modified Unitire model involving tire inflation pressure are employed to describe the tire longitudinal and lateral forces, respectively. Various tire pressure variations are simulated in CarSim to exhibit the influences of tire inflation pressure, including all four tires at same and different pressures. The unbiased estimation results and compensation effects of the DYC strategy are also verified through simulations. A vehicle dynamics and lateral motion stability index, and driver's steering workload are proposed to quantify the influence of tire pressure variations and distributions. Analyses on the simulation results indicate that: pressure reduction on a front tire and rear tire induces a large steering angle and a large vehicle sideslip angle, respectively; all-tire inflation pressure decrease will increase driver's steering workload. The proposed DYC strategy can achieve satisfactory compensation effects through significantly decreasing the vehicle sideslip angle, steering wheel angle and reducing driver's steering workload by up to 90%.
Low-Temperature Bonding of Cu Through Self-Propagating Reaction Under Various Temperatures and Pressures
Authors: Zhu Wenbo , Wang Xiaoting , Li Mingyu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Low temperature soldering has been realized to create a strong metallurgical interconnection between Cu using the self-propagating exothermic reaction by Al–Ni NanoFoil. This technique presents a great potential for electronics integration with a significantly reduced processing temperature (at least 150 °C lower than traditional techniques) and minimal thermal effects to the components. In this study, finite element analysis was performed to predict the temperature profiles across bonding interfaces, which were subsequently correlated with the formation and quality of the bonded structures. It has been revealed that, for nonequilibrium nanosized phases and defects, their formation and distribution were primarily attributed to the solid–liquid interdiffusion and rapid solidification, under the highly transient regime due to a drastic heating/cooling (105–107  °C/s). The preheating and pressure applied to the bonding structure were clearly beneficial to improve the quality of bonding. This was achieved by the thinned solder thickness and the correspondingly improved temperature profiles that enable a sufficient wetting, filling, and interfacial reactions. Through the comparative analysis of the numerical predictions and the experimental results, the solder layers must completely melt across their thickness and have a total heat over 30 K ms on the Cu to ensure robust interconnections with a shear strength of approximately 37 ± 3 MPa and dense continuous bonding interfaces.
Refinement of the Generalized Graetz Problem Correlation With New Benchmark Calculations
Authors: Bennett T. D. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A recently proposed generalized correlation for the Graetz problem in heat transfer has two fitted constants that can be related back to two fundamental constants of fully developed transport. A new set of benchmark solutions for convection in annular tubes is used to assess the best linear relationship between fitted and fundamental constants used in this correlation for conditions spanning from circular tubes to parallel plate ducts. This work also improves the Lévêque limit of the general correlation by considering peripheral variation in flow friction. The refined Graetz problem correlation for fully developed flow is able to predict exact thermal entry region solutions to within ±1.2% for all annular tube geometries having either constant temperature (T) or constant heat flux (H1) wall condition.
Ex Vivo and In Vivo Imaging Study of Ultrasound Capsule Endoscopy
Authors: Lee John H. , Traverso Giovanni , Ibarra-Zarate David , Boning Duane S. , Anthony Brian W. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) has revolutionized the capacity for evaluation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, but its evaluation is limited to the mucosal surface. To overcome this, ultrasound capsule endoscopy (UCE) that can evaluate the deeper structures beyond the mucosal surface has been proposed and several studies focusing on technology development have demonstrated promising results. However, investigations of the potential for clinical utility of this technology are lacking. This work had two main goals: perform ex vivo and in vivo imaging studies in a swine model to (1) evaluate if acoustic coupling between a capsule with a specific size and GI tract can be achieved only through peristalsis autonomously without any human control and (2) identify key issues and challenges to help guide further research. The images acquired in these studies were able to visualize the wall of the GI tract as well as the structures within demonstrating that achieving adequate acoustic coupling through peristalsis is possible. Critical challenges were identified including level of visualization and area of coverage; these require further in-depth investigation before potential clinical utility of UCE technology can be concluded.
Determination of βeff for ININ's TRIGA Reactor
Authors: Galicia-Aragón J. , Raya-Arredondo R. , Cruz-Galindo H. S. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The value of βeff for Training Research Isotopes of General Atomics (TRIGA) Mark III reactor, belonging to the National Institute of Nuclear Researches (ININ), is reported. The TRIGA Mark III reactor core was simulated with MCNP6 to deduce the effective multiplication factor (keff) for critical state and after a small insertion of positive reactivity (∼0.20 $). To perform more realistic simulations, we had to incorporate in the composition of the low-enrichment uranium (LEU) fuel element the produced poisons in a time period of six years, considering the operation time in days, during which the reactor was operating at maximum power (1 MWth). The calculation of the βeff value was obtained with the keff results, calculated with the code, and the reactor periods measured experimentally. We also obtained directly the βeff value, through the card of MCNP6 to calculate keff (KOPTS) card of the MCNP6 code in order to compare both values.
Xenon Behavior in Molten Salt Reactor Graphite
Authors: Price Terry J. , Chvala Ondrej , Taylor Zack 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This article discusses the aspects of 135Xe behavior in molten salt reactor (MSR) graphite. Models of MSR graphite are described. The related mass transfer and mass diffusion coefficients are described and means by which they can be calculated are detailed. Xenon reactivity effects are explored. A method is presented to model the internal xenon distribution within the graphite stringers.