bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical relevance of brain atrophy subtypes categorization in memory clinics
Authors: Planche Vincent , Bouteloup Vincent , Mangin Jean‐François , Dubois Bruno , Delrieu Julien , Pasquier Florence , Blanc Frédéric , Paquet Claire , Hanon Olivier , Gabelle Audrey , Ceccaldi Matthieu , Annweiler Cédric , Krolak‐Salmon Pierre , Habert Marie‐Odile , Fischer Clara , Chupin Marie , Béjot Yannick , Godefroy Olivier , Wallon David , Sauvée Mathilde , Bourdel‐Marchasson Isabelle , Jalenques Isabelle , Tison François , Chêne Geneviève , Dufouil Carole ,   and the MEMENTO Study group.
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe clinical relevance of brain atrophy subtypes categorization in non‐demented persons without a priori knowledge regarding their amyloid status or clinical presentation is unknown.MethodsA total of 2083 outpatients with either subjective cognitive complaint or mild cognitive impairment at study entry were followed during 4 years (MEMENTO cohort). Atrophy subtypes were defined using baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and previously described algorithms.ResultsTypical/diffuse atrophy was associated with faster cognitive decline and the highest risk of developing dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) over time, both in the whole analytic sample and in amyloid‐positive participants. Hippocampal‐sparing and limbic‐predominant atrophy were also associated with incident dementia, with faster cognitive decline in the limbic predominant atrophy group. Lewy body dementia was more frequent in the hippocampal‐sparing and minimal/no atrophy groups.DiscussionAtrophy subtypes categorization predicted different subsequent patterns of cognitive decline and rates of conversion to distinct etiologies of dementia in persons attending memory clinics.
A case report of late‐onset atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome during interferon beta in multiple sclerosis: Open issues in literature review
Authors: Parisi Mosè , Manni Alessia , Caputo Francesca , Trojano Maria , Paolicelli Damiano 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsInterferon beta (IFNβ) is a well‐established first‐line therapy for relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and remains the most widely prescribed agent. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) represents a rare but severe adverse effect (AE) that could occur even after many years from the beginning of IFNβ therapy. Eculizumab is currently approved for treatment of aHUS and recently for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with aquaporin‐4 antibodies (AQP4‐IgG). In this article, we report the case of the latest onset of IFNβ‐related aHUS experienced by an MS patient and we briefly review the literature on this topic.MethodsWe performed a systematic review of the literature using PubMed, and we performed a retrospective analysis of RRMS patients that received IFNβ‐1a in our center and developed thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). From this search, we identified only one patient.ResultsIn the published literature, we identified 24 MS patients who received IFNβ as disease‐modifying treatment (DMT) and then developed thrombotic microangiopathy with kidney injury. The aHUS has been diagnosed in 6, all received IFNβ‐1a and the latest onset was after 15 years. We report a case of a 39‐year‐old man affected by RRMS who assumed IFNβ‐1a since 1999. In July 2018, he developed an IFNβ‐related aHUS. After the failure of plasma exchange, he underwent eculizumab, with an improvement of glomerular filtration rate and without new signs of MS activity.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this case represents the latest onset of IFNβ‐related aHUS in MS patients. Up to now, there are not literary reports about the possibility to reintroduce a DMT as add‐on therapy to eculizumab.
Proteomic analysis of radio‐resistant breast cancer xenografts: Increased TGF‐β signaling and metabolism
Authors: Yadav Poonam , Pandey Vipul K. , Shankar Bhavani S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOur previous studies have shown that MCF‐7 breast cancer cell line exposed to 6 Gy and allowed to recover for 7 days (D7‐6G) developed radio‐resistance. In this study, we have tested the ability of these cells to form tumors in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice and characterized these tumors by proteomic analyses. Untreated (MCF‐C) and D7‐6G cells (MCF‐R) were injected s.c. in SCID mice and tumor growth monitored. On Day 18, the mice were killed and tumor tissues were fixed in formalin or RNA later. Expression of genes was assessed by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and proteins by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay/antibody labeling and flow cytometry. Label free proteomic analyses was carried out by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Metabolic analysis was carried out using Seahorse analyzer. MCF‐R cells had a shorter latency and formed larger tumors. These tumors were characterized by an increased expression of transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) isoforms; its downstream genes pSMAD3, Snail‐1, Zeb‐1, HMGA2; hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal phenotype; migration, enrichment of cancer stem cells and radioresistance following challenge dose of radiation. Proteomic analysis of MCF‐7R tumors resulted in identification of a total of 649 differentially expressed proteins and pathway analyses using protein annotation through evolutionary relationship indicated enrichment of genes involved in metabolism. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD022506. Seahorse analyzer confirmed increased metabolism in these cells with increased oxidative phosphorylation as well as glycolysis. Increased uptake of 2‐NBDG further confirmed increased glycolysis. In summary, we demonstrate that radioresistant breast cancer cells had an enrichment of TGF‐β signaling and increased metabolism.
Association of premature ventricular complexes and risk of ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rujirachun Pongprueth , Wattanachayakul Phuuwadith , Phichitnitikorn Prawut , Charoenngam Nipith , Kewcharoen Jakrin , Winijkul Arjbordin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecent studies have suggested that patients with premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) may have a higher risk of ischemic stroke. However, the data are limited and inconclusive. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to investigate the association between PVCs and the risk of ischemic stroke. A comprehensive literature review was conducted by searching for published articles indexed in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from inception through September 25, 2020, to identify studies that compared the risk of ischemic stroke between patients with PVCs and individuals without PVCs. Pooled risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random‐effect, generic inverse variance method of Dersimonian and Laird. A total of four observational studies (2 prospective and 2 retrospective cohort studies) with 42 677 participants met the eligibility criteria and were included in the meta‐analysis. We found that patients with PVCs have a significantly higher risk of ischemic stroke than individuals without PVCs with the pooled RR of 1.31 (95% CI, 1.07–1.60, I2 = 43%). From our systematic review and meta‐analysis, we found that PVCs are associated with a higher risk of ischemic stroke. Whether this association is causal and how it should be addressed in clinical practice require further investigations.
Relationship between oral function and life‐space mobility or social networks in community‐dwelling older people: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Morishita Motoyoshi , Ikeda Taeka , Saito Natsue , Sanou Mihoko , Yasuda Mayumi , Takao Shigeko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to clarify the relationship between oral function and life‐space mobility or social networks in order to explore approaches that prevent a decline in oral function.Materials and methodsA total of 113 community‐dwelling older people (mean age; 75.7 ± 7.3 years) who participated in preventive long‐term care projects aimed at the maintenance or improvement of physical and mental functions were included in this study. The life‐space assessment (LSA) was used to evaluate life‐space mobility, while the Lubben Social Network Scale‐6 (LSNS‐6) was employed to assess social networks. Oral function was measured by maximum voluntary tongue pressure, oral diadochokinesis, the repetitive saliva swallowing test, and lip pressure. Indices of frailty were grip strength and the Kihon Checklist score. Multiple regression analysis was performed to clarify whether the LSA, LSNS‐6, and frailty are associated with oral function.ResultsThe results of the Kihon Checklist showed that 63 participants (56%) were subjectively and at least slightly aware of a decline in oral function. LSA (B = 0.222, p < .001) and grip strength (B = 0.266, p = .003) associated with maximum voluntary tongue pressure. The goodness of fit of the predictive model was an adjusted R2 value of .486. Other oral functions were not associated with any factors and the goodness of fit of the model was poor (Adjusted R2 < .1). LSNS‐6 was not associated with any oral function.ConclusionsLife‐space mobility and grip strength were independent factors associating maximum voluntary tongue pressure, while social networks did not directly association oral function. This study suggests the necessity of a program that approaches both oral and physical functions through guidance for securing a certain amount of daily activity for older people at risk of or exhibiting a decline in maximum voluntary tongue pressure.
Does green public procurement encourage firm's environmental certification practice? The mediation role of top management support
Authors: Ma Yanlin , Liu Yuting , Appolloni Andrea , Liu Junqi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe environmental certification acts as a sustainable practice for firms to improve their competitive advantage and its motivation has been widely discussed. However, existing researches ignore the important market driving force of green public procurement (GPP) as a policy tool. To fill this gap, this study, focusing on manufacturing firms in China and three typical environmental certifications, explores the relationship between GPP market pressure and firm's environmental certification practice based on institutional theory. Additionally, from a strategic perspective of green human resource management, this study unveils the influence mechanism of top management support in this relationship by using upper echelons theory. According to the empirical results, we find that GPP market pressure is positively associated with environmental certification practice, and top management support partially mediates this relationship. This study provides new insights into the explanation of firm's environmental certification practice, and provides practical implications for firm managers and government administrator.
Software‐defined networking security for private data center networks and clouds: Vulnerabilities, attacks, countermeasures, and solutions
Authors: Abdelrahman Abdallah Mustafa , Rodrigues Joel J. P. C. , Mahmoud Mukhtar M. E. , Saleem Kashif , Das Ashok Kumar , Korotaev Valery , Kozlov Sergei A. 
Published: December 2020

SummarySoftware‐defined networking (SDN) is an agile, modern networking approach that facilitates innovations in the networking paradigm. The abstracted and centralized network operating system facilitates the network management and reduces operational expenditure (OPEX). The open nature and simplicity of the data‐forwarding plane dramatically reduces capital expenditure (CAPEX) by leveraging commodity servers and switches. SDN also lends itself very well to address major cloud computing issues and complement cloud services, especially in terms of network virtualization and networking as a service (NaaS). As a new technology, SDN does involve certain security challenges, which include distributed denial of service (DDoS) threats, build and run time injected malware, insider (tenant) attacks, and security holes resulting from controller misconfigurations. These are severe threats that can cripple an entire network. It is crucial to address the SDN vulnerabilities to ensure its successful deployment in private data center networks, on cloud platforms and beyond. Some security solutions leverage the built‐in features of SDN, such as its controller software component, while other solutions provide external SDN applications running above the controller. This study reviews the security solutions for the vulnerabilities of state‐of‐the‐art SDN controllers and the available countermeasures. Furthermore, an in‐depth analysis of the SDN features that support security is presented, and some unresolved research issues on SDN controllers are identified.
Impacts of multiple anthropogenic stressors on stream macroinvertebrate community composition and functional diversity
Authors: Juvigny‐Khenafou Noel P. D. , Piggott Jeremy J. , Atkinson David , Zhang Yixin , Macaulay Samuel J. , Wu Naicheng , Matthaei Christoph D. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEnsuring the provision of essential ecosystem services in systems affected by multiple stressors is a key challenge for theoretical and applied ecology. Trait‐based approaches have increasingly been used in multiple‐stressor research in freshwaters because they potentially provide a powerful method to explore the mechanisms underlying changes in populations and communities. Individual benthic macroinvertebrate traits associated with mobility, life history, morphology, and feeding habits are often used to determine how environmental drivers structure stream communities. However, to date multiple‐stressor research on stream invertebrates has focused more on taxonomic than on functional metrics. We conducted a fully crossed, 4‐factor experiment in 64 stream mesocosms fed by a pristine montane stream (21 days of colonization, 21 days of manipulations) and investigated the effects of nutrient enrichment, flow velocity reduction and sedimentation on invertebrate community, taxon, functional diversity and trait variables after 2 and 3 weeks of stressor exposure. 89% of the community structure metrics, 59% of the common taxa, 50% of functional diversity metrics, and 79% of functional traits responded to at least one stressor each. Deposited fine sediment and flow velocity reduction had the strongest impacts, affecting invertebrate abundances and diversity, and their effects translated into a reduction of functional redundancy. Stressor effects often varied between sampling occasions, further complicating the prediction of multiple‐stressor effects on communities. Overall, our study suggests that future research combining community, trait, and functional diversity assessments can improve our understanding of multiple‐stressor effects and their interactions in running waters.
A full‐scale study of Darcy‐Weisbach friction factor for channels vegetated by riparian species
Authors: Nicosia Alessio , Bischetti Gian Battista , Chiaradia Enrico , Gandolfi Claudio , Ferro Vito 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this article, an open channel flow resistance equation, deduced applying dimensional analysis and incomplete self‐similarity condition for the flow velocity distribution, was tested using measurements carried out in a full‐scale channel equipped with three types of riparian plants (Salix alba L., Salix caprea L. and Alnus glutinosa L.). In the experimental channel, having banks lined with boulders, the vegetation branches were anchored in a concrete bottom. For each species, the measurements were carried out with plants having different amounts of leaves, different plant density and plant area index. The relationship between the scale factor Γ of the velocity profile and the Froude number was separately calibrated by measurements carried out without and with vegetation. The component of Darcy‐Weisbach friction factor corresponding to the riparian vegetation fv was calculated as the difference between the measured friction factor value (channel grain roughness + vegetation) and that calculated for the channel without vegetation in the same hydraulic conditions. Using these fv values, the relationship between the scale factor Γ and the Froude number was calibrated. In this last relationship, a scaling coefficient a varying with the investigated vegetation type was introduced. This coefficient, as expected, gives the highest friction factor values for vegetation having branches with leaves. The theoretical flow resistance law, coupled with the relationship for estimating the Γ function having a scaling coefficient different for each investigated vegetation type, allowed an accurate estimate of the Darcy‐Weisbach friction factor (errors less than or equal to 20% for 82.6% of the investigated cases). Finally, for the investigated vegetation species that are characterized by a condition with few leaves or leafless, the scaling coefficient a resulted strongly related to the bending stiffness. This analysis demonstrated that the highest Darcy‐Weisbach friction factors correspond to vegetation species characterized by the highest values of bending stiffness. The friction factor values calculated for this last condition are characterized by errors that were less than or equal to ±20% for 90.6% of cases.
A field, laboratory, and literature review evaluation of the water retention curve of volcanic ash soils: How well do standard laboratory methods reflect field conditions?
Authors: Mosquera Giovanny M. , Franklin Marín , Jan Feyen , Rolando Célleri , Lutz Breuer , David Windhorst , Patricio Crespo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAccurate determination of the water retention curve (WRC) of a soil is essential for the understanding and modelling of the subsurface hydrological, ecological, and biogeochemical processes. Volcanic ash soils with andic properties (Andosols) are recognized as important providers of ecological and hydrological services in mountainous regions worldwide due to their large fraction of small size particles (clay, silt, and organic matter) that gives them an outstanding water holding capacity. Previous comparative analyses of in situ (field) and standard laboratory methods for the determination of the WRC of Andosols showed contrasting results. Based on an extensive analysis of laboratory, experimental, and field measured WRCs of Andosols in combination with data extracted from the published literature we show that standard laboratory methods using small soil sample volumes (≤300 cm3) mimic the WRC of these soils only partially. The results obtained by the latter resemble only a small portion of the wet range of the Andosols' WRC (from saturation up to −5 kPa, or pF 1.7), but overestimate substantially their water content for higher matric potentials. This discrepancy occurs irrespective of site‐specific land use and cover, soil properties, and applied method. The disagreement limits our capacity to infer correctly subsurface hydrological behaviour, as illustrated through the analysis of long‐term soil moisture and matric potential data from an experimental site in the tropical Andes. These findings imply that results reported in past research should be used with caution and that future research should focus on determining laboratory methods that allow obtaining a correct characterization of the WRC of Andosols. For the latter, a set of recommendations and future directions to solve the identified methodological issues is proposed.
The triple (T3) dimension of systemic risk: Identifying systemically important banks
Authors: Foglia Matteo , Angelini Eliana 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a new systemic risk measure based on a multi‐way analysis. The systemic risk is composed of two different components: the time and the cross‐dimension. The first refers to the accumulation of banking risk and its interaction with the business cycle, while the second concern, the high‐level concentration of the specific risk on relevant financial institutions. Thanks to the three‐way analysis, we can, on the one hand, estimate a new measure of systemic risk based on these both components, and, on the other hand, we can transparently identify the SIBs (systemically important banks). To this end, we have empirically evaluated and compared the marginal expected shortfall (MES), the SRISK measure and the conditional value at risk (CoVaR) based on a representative sample of Eurozone institutions listed on the stock exchange for the period from June 2005 to May 2018. Our results show how these systemic risk measures produce different systemic risk classifications for the same bank. The findings, therefore, highlight the fragility and structural dependence of these measures, which may not be used for the estimation of a stable rank. Applying three‐way factorial analysis, we show how our measure gives a more stable score. Moreover, our index is the first one to be composed of both the cross‐section and the temporal components, essential elements for a proper assessment of systemic risk.
Detection and diagnosis of brain tumors using deep learning convolutional neural networks
Authors: Gurunathan Akila , Krishnan Batri 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe detection of brain tumors in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) image is an important process for preventing earlier death. This article proposes an automated computer aided method for detecting and locating the brain tumors in brain MRI images using deep learning algorithms. The proposed method has three sub modules as preprocessing, classifications and segmentation. In this article, data augmentation is used as preprocessing method. The preprocessed brain MRI images are classified into either tumor case or nontumor case using classification approach. In this brain tumor detection and segmentation process, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) classification architecture is used for classifying the brain images. The morphological based segmentation methodology is used in this article for segmenting the tumor regions in classified brain images. Further, the segmented tumor regions are diagnosed into “Mild” and “Severe” case using CNN architecture. The proposed methodology is applied on the brain images from open access dataset. The performance of the proposed system is analyzed in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and precision, F‐score, Disc similarity index and tumor region segmentation accuracy on set of brain images. The simulation results of this proposed framework are verified by expert radiologist.