bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutation at position 5628 in the mitochondrial tRNAAla gene in a Chinese pedigree with maternally diabetes mellitus
Authors: Li Ke , Wu Lijun , Lin Wei , Zhao Tianlan , Qi Qiang , Liu Jianjiang , Chen Weixin , He Wenjun , Liu Xiao , Shi Yuan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: To investigate the clinical, genetic and molecular characteristics of mitochondrial diabetes mellitus (MDM). Methods: Resultant variants were evaluated for evolutionary conservation, allelic frequencies, and structural and functional consequences. The mitochondrial function including mitochondrial tRNAAla levels, protein synthesis, membrane potential, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were measured using lymphoblastoid cell lines carrying the m.5628T>C mutation and 2 controls .Results: We observed differences in the severity and age of onset in diabetes in affected maternally-related individuals, and through amolecular of the complete mitochondrial genome in this family, we identified a homoplasmic m.5628T>C mutation, located at conventional position 31 of tRNAAla, and we further detected distinct sets of mtDNA polymorphisms belonging to haplogroup L1. The identified mutation was further found be important for tRNA identity and stability. Using cellular models, we were able to determine that the respiratory deficiency caused arising as a consequence of the m.5628T>C mutation led to decreased efficiency of mitochondrial tRNAAla levels, protein synthesis, mitochondrial ATP synthesis and a reduced mitochondrial membrane potential.These mitochondrial dysfunctions caused an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species in the mutant cell lines. Conclusions: These data provide a direct evidence that novel m.5628T>C mutation may be associated with MDM, thus, offering novel insights into the understanding of pathophysiology of MDM.
Preliminary study of the use of a CBT screw to treat lumbar adjacent segment degeneration
Authors: Zhao Yonghui , Liang Jinlong , Luo Haotian , Ma Yulong , Chen Taibang , Teng Zhaowei , Peng Zhi , Xu Yongqing , Lu Sheng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the feasibility of using the cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screw in revision surgery for lumbar adjacent segment degeneration (LASD) and to provide a reference for clinical practice.Methods:The computed tomography (CT) scans of the lumbar spine of 40 patients in our hospital were used. Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction was performed using Mimics 19.0 software, screws with appropriate sizes were selected for the L1 to L5 vertebral segments, and the traditional pedicle (TP) screws were placed using the standard method. After the completion of screw placement, the simulated placement of CBT screws with appropriate sizes was performed separately. During screw placement, the site and the direction were adjusted accordingly to complete the screw placement as much as possible. Under the premise of safe and feasible placement, penetration of the screw through the CBT and overlap between the TP and CBT screws should be avoided. If these requirements are met, screw placement is considered successful. Otherwise, the screw placement is considered failed. After all simulated screw placements were complete, the success rate of the screw placement in each segment of the lumbar vertebra was calculated from the statistical results. Finally, the pedicle trajectory reference width (TRW) was used for grouping to investigate the correlation between the TRW and sucess rate of screw placement. Results: Four hundred simulated screw placements (80 in each pedicle) were performed in the L1-L5 pedicles. The overall success rate of CBT screw placement in the lumbar spine was 57.00%. The success rates in the L1 to L5 segments were 47.50%, 62.50%, 57.50%, 70.00%, and 47.50%, respectively. The success rate in L4 was greater than in L2 and L3, while the lowest success rates were observed in L1 and L5. The groups were established based on the TRW. The success rate of CBT screw placement increased as the TRW increased.Conclusions: CBT screws are not suitable treatments for all cases of LASD. The success rate of screw placement varies in different lumbar segments. A preoperative measurement of TRW has important reference value for evaluating the feasibility of CBT screw placement in revision surgery for LASD.
The alteration of A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS) in the knee joints of osteoarthritis mice
Authors: Wang Luling , Zhang Demao , Sun Jianxun , Cui Yujia , Cai Linyi , Cui Chen , Lan Yuanchen , Gu Jinning , Liu Linfeng , Zhang Geru , Zheng Liwei , Pi Caixia , Xie Jing , Zhou Xuedong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: To clarify the expression and distribution of ADAMTS1, ADAMTS2 and ADAMTS5 in knee joints of osteoarthritis (OA) mice. Methods: OA was established via anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) on the knee joints of C57BL/6J mice. The morphology change of OA was analyzed by Micro-CT. Histologic analysis was used to evaluate symptomatic change in articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to analyze mRNA expressions of ADAMTS family in bone-related tissues and cells. Immunofluorescence staining was used to analyze the expressions and distributions of ADAMTS1, ADAMTS2, and ADAMTS5, as well as the condition of inflammation of OA.Results: Cartilage deterioration, significant reduction of collagen and proteoglycan components in the cartilage matrix happened in ACLT-induced OA mice, along with increased inflammatory response and osteoclast activity. Among ADAMTS, the gene expression levels of ADAMTS1, ADAMTS2 and ADAMTS5 were ranked top 5 in cartilage/chondrocytes, osteogenic tissue/osteoblasts and cortical bone/osteocytes. After ACLT surgery, the expressions of ADAMTS1, ADAMTS2 and ADAMTS5 all increased in articular cartilage, growth plate and subchondral bone of knee joints. Conclusion: The enhanced expressions of ADAMTS1, ADAMTS2 and ADAMTS5 after ACLT surgery provide a further understanding in degenerative change of OA.
Predicting Fluid Responsiveness Using Pulse Pressure Variation after Tidal Volume Challenge in Postoperative Patients Receiving Lung Protective Ventilation: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Kunakorn Pimsai , Morakul Sunthiti , Petnak Tananchai , Singhatat Pongsasit , Pisitsak Chawika 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Lung protective ventilation with low tidal volume is beneficial in patients with intermediate to high risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. However, during low tidal volume ventilation, pulse pressure variation (PPV) and stroke volume variation (SVV) do not predict fluid responsiveness. We aimed to determine whether changes in PPV and SVV after transient increases in tidal volume can predict fluid responsiveness in these patients. Methods: We recorded 22 measurements from 15 patients who experienced postoperative acute circulatory failure. We performed a tidal volume challenge by transiently increasing tidal volume (VT) from 6 to 8 mL/kg (VT6–8), 8 to 10 mL/kg (VT8–10), and 6 to 10 mL/kg (VT6–10) of patients' predicted body weight. The change in PPV (∆PPV) at VT6–8 (∆PPV6–8), VT8–10 (∆PPV8–10), VT6–10 (∆PPV6–10) and the change in SVV (∆SVV) at VT6–8 (∆SVV6–8), VT8–10 (∆SVV8–10), and VT6–10 (∆SVV6–10) were recorded. Patients were classified as fluid responders if there was an increase in stroke volume of more than 10% after a fluid bolus. Results: Following the tidal volume challenge, ∆PPV and ∆SVV failed to predict fluid responsiveness, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (with 95% confidence intervals) of 0.49 (0.23–0.74), 0.54 (0.29–0.79), 0.52 (0.28–0.77) for ∆PPV6–8, ∆PPV8–10, and ∆PPV6–10, and 0.55 (0.30–0.80), 0.55 (0.31–0.80), and 0.59 (0.34–0.84) for ∆SVV6–8, ∆SVV8–10, and ∆SVV6–10, respectively. Conclusions: Changes in PPV and SVV after the tidal volume challenge did not predict fluid responsiveness in postoperative patients with low tidal volume ventilation. Trial registration: This trial was registered with Clinicaltrials.in.th, TCTR20190808003.
Psychological resources in adolescence and the association with labour market participation in early adulthood: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Jensen Jacob Devantie , Andersen Johan Hviid , Winding Trine Nøhr 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Young adults at the age of 25-29 have the highest unemployment rate and are in great risk of labour market marginalization. Exclusion from the labour market may have negative individual consequences on mental and physical health and can lead to increasing societal expenditures due to social benefits. It is important to understand what factors determine or protect against early labour market marginalization. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between psychological resources in adolescence and labour market participation in early adulthood, and whether the associations differed by gender. Methods: This prospective cohort study used questionnaire data collected through the West Jutland Cohort study in 2004 and 2007. The study population (N = 2,982) consisted of people born in 1989 and living in the county of Ringkjoebing at baseline in 2004. Outcome was dichotomized as +/- 12 months of passive labour market participation during the age of 25-29. Psychological resources were measured as self-esteem, sense of coherence and mastery. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the associations between psychological resources and labour market participation. Results: Results indicated associations between high levels of mastery or sense of coherence in adolescence and high labour market participation in early adulthood. The strongest associations were observed for females with a medium (OR: 1.9) or high level (OR: 1.6) of mastery or a high level of sense of coherence (OR: 1.6) at age 15 and for males with a medium (OR: 2.7) or high (OR: 1.9) level of mastery or a high level of sense of coherence (OR:1.7) at age 18. The associations between adolescent self-esteem and labour market participation were modest at both ages. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate associations between a high level of sense of coherence or mastery in adolescence and high labour market participation in early adulthood. Psychological resources seemed to play a bigger role for females in early adolescence compared to males, for whom a larger impact was seen in late adolescence. Further studies are needed to elaborate the properties of these observed differences by gender and period of adolescence.
Minority stress, depression, and cigarette smoking among Chinese gay versus bisexual men: A two-group structural equation model analyses
Authors: Li Jingjing , Huang Danqin , Windle Michael , Escoffery Cam , Wang Wei , Li Xiaoyan , Tao Kevin , Haardörfer Regine , Li Shiyue , Berg Carla J , Yan Hong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Literature in the West suggested that bisexual men have a higher smoking rate compared to gay men. Data on patterns of smoking among gay and bisexual men are limited in Eastern countries like China. This study examined the cigarette smoking prevalence for gay versus bisexual men in China and their unique minority stress - smoking pathways. Methods: Between September 2017 and November 2018, we surveyed a convenience sample of 538 gay men and 138 bisexual men recruited from local sexual minority organizations in four metropolitan cities in China (i.e., Beijing, Wuhan, Nanchang, and Changsha). Measures included sexual orientation, sociodemographics, theory-based minority stressors, depressive symptoms, and past 30-day cigarette smoking. Two-group (gay men vs. bisexual men) structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to test possible distinct mechanisms between theory-based stressors, depressive symptoms, and cigarette smoking among gay men and bisexual men, respectively. Results: The average age of participants was 26.51 (SD = 8.41) years old and 76.3% of them had at least a college degree. Bisexual men reported a higher rate of cigarette smoking compared to gay men (39.9% vs. 27.3%). Two-group SEM indicated that the pathways for cigarette smoking were not different between gay and bisexual men. Higher rejection anticipation was associated with greater depressive symptoms (standardized β = 0.32, p < .001), and depressive symptoms was not associated with cigarette smoking. Conclusions: Minority stress, specifically rejection anticipation, may be critical considerations in addressing depressive symptoms, but not smoking, among both gay and bisexual men in China.
Differences in maternal mortality between urban and rural areas: Analysis of Maternal Mortality based in Jinan, China in 1995- 2018
Authors: Zhang Lihua , Zhen Tingting , Meng Qinyou , Yang Shimin , Pan Jiaxue , Wang Guoqun , Li Zhongliang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Although a large number of studies have shown that maternal mortality in rural areas is higher than that in urban areas, few reports discussed about the detailed situation and the behind causes. Here, we summarized the maternal mortality from 1995 to 2018 in Jinan and the reason behind it was deeply discussed. It is expected to reveal the difference and its behind reasons, thus providing a basis for policy makers to develop interventions.
Methods: Data about maternal mortality in the selected city from 1995 to 2018 were collected through the local maternal and child health care network. Maternal death age, maternal death delivery location, maternal death location, number of pregnancies, number of deliveries and maternal death causes were analyzed. The composition ratio of above factors were compared in order to indicate the differences between rural areas and urban areas.
Results: The study showed that 75.34% of maternal deaths in urban areas occurred in tertiary hospitals, which were 2.13 times higher than that in rural areas(P<0.05). 16.67% of maternal deaths in rural areas delivered in primary hospitals, which were 12.17 times higher than that in urban areas (P<0.05) . The main cause of death in rural areas were attributed to direct obstetrics reasons, which were indirect obstetric reasons for urban areas (P<0.05). There was no difference of maternal deaths in the death age, number of births, and number of pregnancies between rural areas and urban areas.(P>0.05)
Conclusion: Policy makers should focus on the construction of medical institutions in rural areas, the improvement of rescue capabilities in rural areas and the convenience of transport in rural areas in order to narrow the gap between rural and urban areas.
Key words: Maternal Mortality; Differences between urban and rural areas; China
Significance of nuclear factor kappa beta activation on prostate needle biopsy samples in the evaluation of Gleason score 6 prostatic carcinoma indolence
Authors: Zupančič Marko , Pospihalj Boris , Cerović Snežana , Gazić Barbara , Drev Primož , Hočevar Marko , Perhavec Andraž 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer in men in developed European countries. Majority of men newly diagnosed with PCa are candidates for primary curative therapy, either with radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiation. However, many PCa are low risk, even indolent and these patients are candidates for active surveillance, so the prediction of such cancers is needed to avoid overtreatment. The main goal of our study was to find out whether the immunohistochemical expression of NF-κB p65 in biopsy samples with Gleason score 3+3=6 (GS 6) can be a negative predictive factor for PCa indolence. Methods. Study was based on a retrospective cohort of 178 PCa patients with initial total PSA ≤ 10 ng/ml, number of needle biopsy specimens ≥8, GS 6 on biopsy and T1/T2 estimated clinical stage who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and whose archived formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) prostate needle biopsy specimens were used for additional immunohistochemistry staining for detection of NF-κβ p65. Both cytoplasmatic and nuclear NF-κB p65 expression in biopsy cores with PCa were correlated with postoperative pathological stage, positive surgical margins, GS and biochemical progression (BP) of disease. The final analysis involved 123 patients regarding the postoperative stage, surgical margins and GS and 118 regarding the BP. Results. Postoperative pathological stage 3 was noticed in 27 (22%) and positive surgical margins were detected in 13 patients (10,6%). After median follow-up of 66 months, BP (PSA ≥ 0,05 ng/ml) occurred in 20 (16,9%) patients, 11 (55%) with GS 6 after RP and 9 (45%) with GS 7. Cytoplasmatic nor nuclear NF-κB p65 expressions were not significantly associated with pathological stage, positive surgical margin and postoperative GS. Patients with positive cytoplasmic NF-kB reaction had significantly more BP compared to those with negative cytoplasmic NF-kB reaction with PSA 0,2 ng/ml as cutoff point (p=0,015) and a trend towards more BP with PSA ≥ 0,05 ng/ml as cutoff point (p=0,068). Conclusions. Cytoplasmic expression of NF-κB is associated with more BP and might be an independent prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival (RFS), but further studies including larger patient cohorts are needed to confirm these initial results.
Accumulation of AGO2 facilitates tumor proliferation and metastasis through upregulating Survivin, Vimentin and Snail in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yang Yang , Mei Qi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background：Argonaute 2 (AGO2), a typical member of the Ago gene family, plays a pivotal role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorgenesis through regulating the short interfering RNA-mediated gene silencing. However, the underlined mechanism needs clarified. Herein, we found that AGO2 was frequently upregulated in human HCC cancerous tissues compared with non-cancerous tissues.
Methods: Clinical analyses were performed to determine the relation between the expression level of AGO2 and prognosis in HCC patients. By using CRISPR/Cas9 approach in SMMC-7721 cells and establishing xenograft model in nude mice, we further identified the role of AGO2 in HCC. Gene expression microarray analysis was used to reveal the changes of gene expression profile mediated by AGO2 depletion in SMMC-7721 cells.
Results: We observed that the overexpression of AGO2 was associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. The knockout of AGO2 inhibited tumor cell proliferation and metastasis in vivo and in vitro. We also identified that AGO2 facilitates HCC tumorigenesis through modulating Survivin, Vimentin and Snail expression.
Conclusions: Therefore, this study not only demonstrates that accumulation of AGO2 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in HCC, but also provides a novel molecular mechanism in HCC progression.
Blended Learning in English Academic Reading to Respond Revolution 4.0
Authors: Harpiansi Harpiansi , Suryani Nyayu Yayu 
Published: November 2019

<p>The 4<sup>th</sup> industrial revolution effects many areas in today’s global era, including higher institution. Internet is the main instrument in this revloution. The limitation of time room availibility of the students will accor if the schools appliy face to face only in leaarning process. Blended learning is the alternative solution to overcome the case of inavility time and palce to learn. In addition to developing distance universities should also equip students with English reading skill.</p><p>This study is aimed at describing the effect of blended learning on English academic reading by using experimental method with pretest-posttest control design. The sample of this research is 32 students of AMIK Bina Sriwijaya. The data were collected through English reading comprehension test in the form of multiple choice and were analyzed by using Independent Sample T test.</p><p>Based on the Independent Sample T test output table in the Equal variances assumed section, it is found that Sig values. (2 tailed) of 0.001&lt;0.05.It can be concluded that there is a significant difference between the average learning outcomes of respondents in the experimental group and respondents in the control group. In other word, there is significant effect of blended learning on students reading skill achievement.</p>
Perform or wither: role of water users' associations in municipalities of Nepal
Authors: Singh Sreoshi , Shrestha Krity , Hamal Menaka , Prakash Anjal 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In Nepal, water institutions have played a very significant role, and in Tansen and Damauli, the presence of user groups has indicated that proper management of water can help people avert critical water shortages. However, although in both Tansen and Damauli the user groups have been operating for a long time, their performances vary. In Tansen, infrastructural constraints tend to throw up challenges, although operational hazards associated with the supply systems are no less threatening. Moreover, there is large-scale corruption in the systems' upkeep and maintenance, allowing low grade vendors to operate in place of readily available efficient institutions. In Damauli, the systems have been rather perfectly managed, except for minor glitches from time to time. Funding has been good and community bonding has paid off. This paper delves into the community-managed water systems in the two cities and how the performance varies across them and the factors that play a role.
Measuring Vasculitis with Numbers: Outcome Scores
Authors: Batu Ezgi Deniz , Ozen Seza 
Published: November 2019

:
Primary Systemic Vasculitides (PSV) are a heterogeneous group of diseases. Outcome
scores are important to evaluate vasculitis patients in a more structured and standard way and these
help physicians to predict patients with poor prognosis or high risk of relapse. Furthermore, we
need reliable outcome measures for clinical trials. There are a number of vasculitis outcome scores
available in the clinical practice with different strengths and limitations. These are mainly measures
of disease activity, disease damage, response to treatment and quality of life. Birmingham Vasculitis
Activity Score (BVAS) and its pediatric version aim to evaluate a wide scope of PSV. On the
other hand, some outcome studies have focused on a single vasculitis type since the whole group
includes different diseases with heterogeneous clinical features.

:
The aim of this review is to provide an overview on outcome measures currently being used in the
evaluation of patients with PSV. We mainly focus on immunoglobulin A vasculitis/Henochschönlein
purpura, Kawasaki disease, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated
vasculitis, polyarteritis nodosa, Takayasu arteritis and Behçet’s disease.