bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative conductive polymer composite coating for aircrafts lightning strike protection
Authors: Bedel Vincent , Lonjon Antoine , Dantras Éric , Bouquet Michel 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTA new kind of high electrical conductive epoxy coating with low filler rate was investigated for lightning strike protection (LSP) of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). The coating without CFRP substrate was firstly studied. The influence of silver submicronic wires (AgSWs) with a high aspect ratio on the electrical behavior is observed; that is, the electrical resistivity evolution, the current density value, and the electrical conduction mechanisms as function of temperature. The preponderant electrical conduction mechanism is an Ohmic behavior. The higher level of conductivity obtained is 5.5 × 105 S m−1 for 9% vol of AgSWs. Lightning strike tests were carried out on an epoxy/AgSWs coating filled with 8% in volume (74 gsm) and deposited on a CFRP. The ultrasonic testing after lightning strike on coated CFRP shows no structural delamination and demonstrates the interest of this new route for an efficient LSP. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 137, 48700.
Substantially improving mechanical property of double percolated poly(phenylene sulfide)/poly(arylenesulfide sulfone)/graphene nanoplates composites with superior electromagnetic interference shielding performance
Authors: Chang Chenggong , Cao Yi , Yang Jiacao , Zhang Gang , Long Shengru , Wang Xiaojun , Yang Jie 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThe electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) can be conspicuously enhanced at low conductive filler contents with the formation of segregated structure in the conductive polymer composites (CPCs). Nevertheless, poor interface adhesion of segregated composites results in poor mechanical properties due to the selective distribution of conductive fillers. In this work, a flexible approach was applied to fabricate the poly(phenylene sulfide)/poly(arylene sulfide sulfone)/graphene nanoplates (GNPs) composite with a unique double percolated structure. This composite exhibits an outstanding EMI SE of 38.8 dB with only 3 wt % GNPs, which is comparable to that of the conventional segregated structure counterpart. What is more, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of double percolated composites with 3 wt % GNPs are remarkably improved by ~892 and ~274% compared to conventional segregated structure, achieving 37.7 and 1788.3 MPa, respectively. This work provides a valuable method for producing CPCs with high EMI shielding performances and outstanding mechanical properties. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 137, 48709.
Biphasic, tough composite core/shell PCL/PVA‐GEL nanofibers for biomedical application
Authors: Akbarzadeh Mohadeseh , Pezeshki‐Modaress Mohamad , Zandi Mojgan 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTEmulsion electrospinning using natural and synthetic polymers, including two dissimilar materials is a promising technique for nanofibers fabrication in a core/shell configuration for tissue engineering, controlled or sustained drug delivery and dressing applications. In this study, we designed and fabricated core/shell nanofibers based on polycaprolactone (PCL) as core material and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)‐gelatin (GEL) blend as shell materials (PCL/PVA‐GEL) to achieve high mechanical properties, good cell growth, and proliferation via emulsion electrospinning. The effect of water to acetic acid ratio in the solvent system (8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5) and also type and concentration (3, 5, 7 w/v %) of surfactant on emulsion stability and nanofibers morphology were investigated. The emulsion containing 2% Tween80 and 1% Span60 as surfactants were selected by considering the stability of emulsion and uniform fiber morphology. In the tensile strength and elongation at break, 53 and 8% increase in the crosslinked wet state of the PCL/PVA‐GEL nanofibers compared with PVA‐GEL nanofibers were observed respectively. The cell culture results indicated that the PCL/PVA‐GEL nanofibers surface has presented suitable interaction with fibroblast cells and cells attached and proliferated well on the fabricated substrate within 24 and 48 hours and also would be a good candidate for biomedical applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48713.
Influence of ionic liquid on graphite/silver nanoparticles dispersion and antibacterial properties against Escherichia coli of PP/EPDM composite coatings
Authors: Nuñez‐Figueredo Yuresis , Sánchez‐Valdes Saul , Ramírez‐Vargas Eduardo , Ramos‐deValle Luis F. , Albite‐Ortega Jorge , Rodriguez‐Fernandez Oliverio S. , Valera‐Zaragoza Mario , Ledezma‐Pérez Antonio S. , Rodríguez‐González Alberto A. , Morales‐Cepeda Ana B. , Lozano Tomas 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTIn this work, graphite doped with silver nanoparticles are synthesized and coated onto a PP/EPDM blend surface. Three nanoparticles deposition methods are used. In one method, the nanoparticles are directly deposited on previously corona discharge‐treated TPO surface. Another method is by compression deposition of nanoparticles in a thin layer forming a segregated coating. In the last method, a nanoparticle‐polymer composite is deposited and then treated by corona discharge to expose the deposited nanoparticles. These last two methods show excellent antimicrobial activity (R = 2.8 and 3.9, respectively) and higher inhibition values (85% and 89%, respectively) against Escherichia coli strains. The effect of using HMIMPF6 and BMIMBF4 ionic liquids on particle dispersion and antibacterial activity against E. coli is evaluated. Using ionic liquids enhance the antibacterial activity (from R = 3.9 to 5.4) and inhibition rates (from 89% to 99.8%) of the samples. As a result, a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) material with enhanced antibacterial properties against E. coli is obtained using ionic liquids, which offer significant promise as a material for medical applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48714.
Trophic dynamics in two South American estuaries encompassing industrial development and a biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Trevizani Tailisi Hoppe , Domit Camila , Broadhurst Matt K. , Santos Marcos César de Oliveira , Figueira Rubens Cesar Lopes 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Estuaries are critical to the life histories and development of many marine species, and support some of the most productive aquatic ecosystems. However, owing to their geographic accessibility, many estuaries face considerable anthropogenic threats, which can be exacerbated in developing nations.
Understanding the ecological implications of anthropogenic activities as a precursor to dedicated conservation activities requires comprehensive assessments of baseline trophic relationships. This study addresses a shortfall in such information for two tropical, coastal ecosystems globally identified as priority areas for biodiversity conservation: the Paranaguá estuarine complex; and the Cananéia–Iguape estuarine lagoon system in southern Brazil.
Ecological relationships were investigated through carbon and nitrogen stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) determination in sediments, plant fragments and the muscle tissues of marine species occupying different trophic levels, including benthic invertebrates, ichthyofauna (Stellifer rastrifer, Paralonchurus brasiliensis, and Isopisthus parvipinnis), and delphinids (Sotalia guianensis and Pontoporia blainvillei).
Isotope ratios facilitated distinguishing plant fragments, sediments (which were terrestrially influenced) and biota (predominantly marine influenced). However, despite variation among anthropogenic stressors, isotope ratios did not vary between the studied estuaries, implying similar impacts on trophic relationships which might reflect some inter‐estuary mixing.
All ichthyofauna and the delphinids had similar generalist diets and shared the same trophic niche, which may reflect their consistent spatio‐temporal distributions and habitat patterns in the estuaries. The data illustrate the utility of isotopically characterizing biodiversity‐hotspot estuaries as a mechanism for rapidly assessing ecological relationships between key species and regional habitats. Such an approach can be used to evaluate ecological connectivity as a baseline for management and might be applied more broadly, embracing multiple regions as part of estuarine and coastal biome conservation efforts.
Novel pure Ca2ZnMoO6 composition with white‐light luminescence
Authors: Peng Guo‐Xiang , Lin Chi‐Yu , Yang Cheng‐Fu , Chen Chih‐Cheng , Chen Chao‐Yang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPhosphors with composition Ca2ZnMoO6 were synthesized at temperatures of 800–1200°C using the solid‐state method. Analysis of X‐ray diffraction patterns of the Ca2ZnMoO6 powders did not reveal a double perovskite structure. When the synthesis temperature was equal to or higher than 800°C, the synthesized Ca2ZnMoO6 powders revealed a tetragonal structure (CaMoO4) rather than an orthorhombic structure (Ca2ZnMoO6) and the cubic structure (Sr2ZnMoO6) of a double perovskite. The ZnO phase was still observed at a synthesis temperature of 1200°C. The compositions of synthesized Ca2ZnMoO6 powders differed from the prepared powder, and the Ca2ZnMoO6 phosphors exhibited some important novel features. First, synthesized Ca2ZnMoO6 compositions could emit light as a phosphor no activators, called Ca2ZnMoO6 phosphors. Effect of synthesis temperature on luminescence properties of these Ca2ZnMoO6 phosphors was readily observed, and some important novel features and properties were noted. Second, the phosphors presented only one broad characteristic emission peak in the visible light region. Third, measurement of the chromaticity diagram of the Ca2ZnMoO6 phosphors revealed a white‐light source. Through analysis, we determined why the synthesized Ca2ZnMoO6 phosphors had just one broad characteristic emission peak.
Contralateral seventh cervical nerve transfer can affect the pennation angle of the lower limb in spastic hemiplegia patients: An observational case series study
Authors: Yu Bao‐Fu , Chen Li‐Wen , Qiu Yan‐Qun , Xu Jing , Yin Hua‐Wei , Li Qin‐Ying , Xu Wen‐Dong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionWe previously reported transferring seventh cervical (C7) nerve from unaffected side to affected side in patients with spastic hemiplegia due to chronic cerebral injury, to improve function and reduce spasticity of paralyzed upper limb. In the clinics, some patients also reported changes of spasticity in their lower limb, which could not be detected by routine physical examinations. Pennation angle of muscle can indirectly reflect the condition of spasticity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether this upper limb procedure may affect spasticity of lower limb, using ultrasonography to detect changes of muscle pennation angle (PA).MethodsTwelve spastic hemiplegia patients due to cerebral injury including stroke, cerebral palsy, and traumatic brain injury, who underwent C7 nerve transfer procedure, participated in this study. B‐mode ultrasonography was used to measure PA of the gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscle at rest preoperatively and postoperatively. The plantar load distribution of the lower limbs was evaluated using a Zebris FDM platform preoperatively and postoperatively.ResultsThe PA of the GM was significantly smaller on the affected side than that of unaffected side before surgery. On the affected side, the postoperative PA was significantly larger than preoperative PA. On the unaffected side, the postoperative PA was not significantly different compared to preoperative PA. The postoperative plantar load distribution of the affected forefoot was significantly smaller than preoperative load distribution, which was consistent with ultrasonography results.ConclusionsThis study indicates that C7 nerve transfer surgery for improving upper limb function can also affect muscle properties of lower limb in spastic hemiplegia patients, which reveals a link between the upper and lower limbs. The interlimb interactions should be considered in rehabilitation physiotherapy, and the regular pattern and mechanism need to be further studied.
Effect of Ordered Mesoporous Alumina Support on the Structural and Catalytic Properties of Mn−Ni/OMA Catalyst for NH3−SCR Performance at Low‐temperature
Authors: Liu Yongjin , Hou Yaqin , Han Xiaojin , Wang Jiancheng , Guo Yaoping , Xiang Ning , Bai Yarong , Huang Zhanggen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMn−Ni oxides supported on ordered mesoporous alumina (OMA) catalysts were applied to the NH3−SCR of NOx at low‐temperature compared with Mn−Ni oxides supported on commercial γ‐Al2O3. The NOx conversion and N2 selectivity of Mn−Ni/OMA were superior to the Mn−Ni/γ‐Al2O3 in the temperature window of 90∼240 °C. BET, XRD, NH3−TPD, NO+O2−TPD, Pyridine‐IR, H2−TPR, and XPS were performed to characterized the physicochemical properties of the catalysts. The characterization results manifested that supports conduct a significant part on the structural and catalytic properties of catalysts for NH3−SCR performance. Compared with Mn−Ni/Al2O3, the super SCR performances of Mn−Ni/OMA could be ascribed to not only the higher dispersion of MnOx but also more abundant Lewis acid sites, and the increase in redox capacity since the extremely primary MnO2 phase on catalyst's surface. Furthermore, in situ DRIFTs were conducted to detect the SCR‐reaction mechanism over the two catalysts. Results demonstrate that although the OMA support can greatly enhance the catalytic activity of Mn−Ni/OMA catalysts, the reaction mechanism over Mn−Ni/OMA does not alter in comparison with Mn−Ni/Al2O3. Namely, the concurrence of Langmuir‐Hinshelwood (L−H) and Eley‐Rideal (E−R) mechanism, among which the E−R mechanism plays a dominant role.
CoOx@Co Nanoparticle‐based Catalyst for Efficient Selective Transfer Hydrogenation of α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes
Authors: Gong Wanbing , Han Miaomiao , Chen Chun , Lin Yue , Wang Guozhong , Zhang Haimin , Zhao Huijun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCurrently, developing simple and effective catalysts for selective hydrogenation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes to unsaturated alcohols is challenging. Herein, an efficient CoOx‐shell/Co‐core structured nanoparticle catalyst is synthesized by a facile ultrasonic‐assisted carbothermal reduction method. The resultant catalyst exhibits outstanding catalytic performance toward the selective transfer hydrogenation of a wide spectrum of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes into corresponding unsaturated alcohols with over 90 % selectivity. This is the simplest nonprecious metal catalyst to be reported for the selective hydrogenation of unsaturated aldehydes.
Investigations on the Effective Electric Loads in Blended Insertion Electrodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liebmann Tobias , Heubner Christian , Lämmel Christoph , Schneider Michael , Michaelis Alexander 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBlending different types of active materials in one electrode is a great opportunity to improve the overall performance of lithium‐ion batteries. Despite considerable progress in the recent years, basic interactions, such as the specific impact of a single component on the blends’ properties, are not satisfactorily understood at the moment. In this study, the electric loads of the individual components of a blend are investigated using a special experimental setup in combination with model‐like blended electrodes. Systematic studies on the impact of type and mass fraction of the components are conducted for different nominal charge and discharge rates. The experiments reveal that the single components can be charged and discharged independent from each other, according to their characteristic redox activities and the overpotential during operation. This can lead to high effective electric loads (C‐rates) subjected to a single component despite a comparatively low total current applied to the electrode. Based on the experimental results, a simple model is developed to estimate maximum effective C‐rates of the individual components in an arbitrary blend system. These novel insights are discussed in regarding advantages and disadvantages of battery electrodes with multiple active materials.
Stress‐strain analysis in the window zone area of full‐scale wall models made of AAC and calcium silicate units
Authors: Drobiec Łukasz 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article presents results of tests on full‐scale wall models with two window openings. Tested walls were made of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) units and calcium‐silicate (C‐S) units. They were erected on thin unfilled perpend joints. This article strictly corresponds to previous tests performed in the spandrel area. The aim of the research was to verify results obtained for smaller models. Stress‐strain analysis of the spandrel area in full‐scale models was performed and results were compared with results obtained for smaller models. According to the analysis of the stress‐strain graphs, it was found that the horizontal stress in the spandrel area was ca. 0.2 N/mm2. The software based on the finite element method was used to perform calculations for tested walls. Results from laboratory tests and numerical simulations were analyzed to determine the level of stress and strain in tested walls.
Non‐Oxido‐Vanadium(IV) Metalloradical Complexes with Bidentate 1,2‐Dithienylethene Ligands: Observation of Reversible Cyclization of the Ligand Scaffold in Solution
Authors: Schlüter Dirk , Kleemiss Florian , Fugel Malte , Lork Enno , Sugimoto Kunihisa , Grabowsky Simon , Harmer Jeffrey R. , Vogt Matthias 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDerivatives of 1,2‐dithienylethene (DTE) have superb photochromic properties due to an efficient reversible photocyclization reaction of their hexatriene structure and, thus, have application potential in materials for optoelectronics and (multi‐responsive) molecular switches. Transition‐metal complexes bearing switchable DTE motifs commonly incorporate their coordination site rather distant from the hexatriene system. In this work the redox active ligand 1,2‐bis(2,5‐dimethylthiophen‐3‐yl)ethane‐1,2‐dione is described, which reacts with [V(TMEDA)2Cl2] to give a rare non‐oxido vanadium(IV) species 3(M,M/P,P). This blue complex has two bidentate en‐diolato ligands which chelate the VIV center and give rise to two five‐membered metallacycles with the adjacent hexatriene DTE backbone bearing axial chirality. Upon irradiation with UVA light or prolonged heating in solution, the blue compound 3(M,M/P,P) converts into the purple atropisomer 4(para,M/para,P). Both complexes were isolated and structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis (using lab source and synchrotron radiation). The antiparallel configuration (M or P helicity) present in both 3(M,M/P,P) and 4(para,M/para,P) is a prerequisite for (reversible) 6π cyclization reactions. A CW EPR spectroscopic study reveals the metalloradical character for 3(M,M/P,P) and 4(para,M/para,P) and indicates dynamic reversible cyclization of the DTE backbone in complex 3(M,M/P,P) at ambient temperature in solution.
UCNP–Bi2Se3 Upconverting Nanohybrid for Upconversion Luminescence and CT Imaging and Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Zhao Shuang , Tian Rongrong , Shao Baiqi , Feng Yang , Yuan Senwen , Dong Langping , Zhang Liang , Wang Zhenxin , You Hongpeng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNon‐invasive theranostics that integrate the advantages of multimodality imaging and therapeutics have great potential in the field of biomedicine. Herein, a new nanohybrid based on Bi2Se3‐conjugated upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) has been successfully developed through a simple in situ growth strategy. Under 808 nm near‐infrared laser irradiation, the UCNPs can emit bright visible light, whereas the Bi2Se3 nanomaterial exhibits efficient photothermal conversion capacity. Moreover, the as‐synthesized UCNP–Bi2Se3 nanohybrid exhibits efficient cell upconversion luminescence (UCL), reasonable CT imaging, and admirable cancer cell ablation capacity, further emphasizing the efficiency of this strategy for simultaneous UCL imaging and photothermal therapy. The designed theranostic strategy guided by dual‐modal imaging endowed with real‐time dynamic monitoring, remote controllability, and non‐invasiveness makes the UCNP–Bi2Se3 nanohybrid an ideal candidate for non‐invasive multimodal imaging‐guided photothermal therapy for the precise diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
IR‐Laser Ablation of Potassium Cyanide: A Surprisingly Simple Route to Polynitrogen and Polycarbon Species
Authors: Redeker Frenio A. , Beckers Helmut , Riedel Sebastian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPulsed laser irradiation of solid potassium cyanide (KCN) produces, besides free nitrogen and carbon atoms, the molecular species KN and KC which are potential candidates for interstellar species of potassium. Additionally, N3, N3−, KN3, C3, C3−, and KC3 are produced and isolated in solid noble gases as well as in solid N2. Molecular potassium nitrene (KN) reacts with dinitrogen in neon and argon matrices after photochemical excitation (λ=470 nm) forming molecular end‐on (C∞v) and side‐on (C2v) potassium azide isomers. The side‐on isomer (C2v) is thermodynamically favored at the CCSD(T)/ma‐def2‐TZVP level of theory. It can be obtained from the end‐on isomer by UV‐irradiation (λ=273 nm).
A novel splice variant of LOXL2 promotes progression of human papillomavirus–negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Chao , Guo Theresa , Sakai Akihiro , Ren Shuling , Fukusumi Takahito , Ando Mizuo , Sadat Sayed , Saito Yuki , Califano Joseph A. 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide. LOXL2 demonstrates alternative splicing events in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)–negative HNSCC. The current study explored the role of a dominant LOXL2 variant in HPV‐negative HNSCC.MethodsExpression of the LOXL2 variant was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas cohorts and validated using quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction in a separate primary tumor set. The authors defined the effect of LOXL2 splice variants in assays for cell proliferation using a cell viability assay and colony formation assay. Cell migration and invasion were examined using a cell scratch assay and transwell cell migration and invasion assay in LOXL2 splice variant gain and loss of expression cells. Western blot analysis and gene set enrichment analysis were used to explore the potential mechanism of the LOXL2 splice variant in HPV‐negative HNSCC.ResultsExpression of a novel LOXL2 variant was found to be upregulated in The Cancer Genome Atlas HPV‐negative HNSCC, and confirmed in the separate primary tumor validation set. Analyses of loss and gain of function demonstrated that this LOXL2 variant enhanced proliferation, migration, and invasion in HPV‐negative HNSCC cells and activated the FAK/AKT pathway. A total of 837 upregulated and 820 downregulated genes and 526 upregulated and 124 downregulated pathways associated with LOXL2 variant expression were identified using gene set enrichment analysis, which helped in developing a better understanding of the networks activated by this LOXL2 variant in patients with HPV‐negative HNSCC.ConclusionsThe novel LOXL2 variant can promote the progression of HPV‐negative HNSCC, in part through FAK/AKT pathway activation, which may provide a new potential therapeutic target among patients with HPV‐negative HNSCC.