bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IS LADY JUSTICE BLIND? READING BRAZIL’S 2012 AFFIRMATIVE ACTION DECISION THROUGH THE STRUGGLE FOR GENDER EQUALITY / A DONA JUSTIÇA É CEGA? LENDO A DECISÃO DE AÇÃO AFIRMATIVA DE 2012 NO BRASIL ATRAVÉS DA LUTA PELA IGUALDADE DE GÊNERO
Authors: Knoll Travis 
Published: December 2020

Brazil has boldly embraced affirmative action on a scale never before attempted in in the Americas. Despite this innovation, scholars have not analyzed this surprising development in a rigorous and grounded fashion. This essay seeks to delve deeper into the Brazilian Supreme Court’s (STF) 2012 decision (acórdão) to uphold the University of Brasilia’s racial quota system against allegations by the conservative Democrat Party (DEM). The DEM argued that such a system of affirmative discrimination violated a “fundamental [i.e. constitutional] precept”, a procedure of relief and remedy that serves as a last resort for resolving constitutional disputes. The unanimous decision came as surprise to most Brazilian observers both for its broad ideological consensus and for its explicit endorsement of racial quota policies in a country that still widely regarded itself as relatively free of racial tensions and biases. Closely analyzing the judges’ final opinions (votos), this essay makes the case that the decision’s unanimity came from a constellation of metaphors and constitutional philosophies. These metaphors and philosophies, at times in tension, coalesced to form a coherent defense of protected identity classes and the state’s duty to protect them. In fact, the decision served to converge two categories of affirmative action that previously had operated on parallel tracks: Racial and gender quotas. Finally, each vote relied on concepts of difference and equality (in the feminist sense) to arrive at a decision favorable to quotas.
O CERTIFICADO DE CLUBE FORMADOR COMO COLABORADOR DA FORMAÇÃO HUMANA E DESPORTIVA DE ATLETAS DE FUTEBOL / THE TRAINING CLUB CERTIFICATE AS CONTRIBUITOR OF THE HUMAN AND SPORTS FORMATION OF SOCCER ATHLETES
Authors: Ferreira Ramon Bisson 
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo a análise do panorama atual da certificação das entidades de prática desportiva como clubes formadores. Por meio do estudo dos dispositivos legais e regulamentares atinentes à certificação, são apresentados os requisitos exigidos e os procedimentos para que um clube de futebol obtenha o certificado de clube formador. Considerando que o trabalho de formação de atletas envolve um grande número de jovens, os quais não necessariamente obterão a sonhada profissionalização no esporte, é muito importante que o certificado de clube formador imponha obrigações legais aos clubes de futebol no sentido de fornecer a devida estrutura e respeitar os direitos das crianças e adolescentes envolvidos no processo de formação esportiva. Dessa forma, o estudo é focado não só nas questões esportivas, mas abrange a formação humana dos milhares de jovens que sonham com um futuro no futebol profissional
EXPEDIENTE
Authors: Freitas Marta Lúcia de Queirós de 
Published: December 2020

Conselho Editorial Adolfo Costa Araújo Rocha Furtado, Câmara dos Deputados Andre Luiz Marenco dos Santos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul André Sathler Guimarães, Câmara dos Deputados Fabiano Guilherme Mendes Santos, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Lucio Remuzat Rennó Junior, Universidade de Brasília Paulo Antônio Lima Costa, Câmara dos Deputados Roberto Campos da Rocha Miranda, Câmara dos Deputados Rogério Ventura Teixeira, Câmara dos Deputados Suylan de Almeida Midlej e Silva, Universidade de Brasília Comissão Editorial André Sathler Guimarães, Câmara dos Deputados Roberto Campos da Rocha Miranda, Câmara dos Deputados Marta Lúcia de Queirós de Freitas, Câmara dos Deputados Avaliadores deste Número Antonio Sérgio Araújo Fernandes, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Fabrício Ricardo de Limas Tomio, Universidade Federal do Paraná João Luiz Pereira Marciano, Câmara dos Deputados Luis Gustavo Mello Grohmann, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Luiz Alberto dos Santos, Presidência da República Márcia Teixeira de Souza, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Maria Teresa Miceli Kerbauy, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Simone Diniz, Universidade Federal do ABC Ricardo de João Braga, Câmara dos Deputados Valdemir Pires, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Walter Marcos Knaesel Birkner, Universidade do Contestado Revisão Ortográfica Ligia Lopes Ferreira Fregapani, Câmara dos Deputados Rafael Lima Freire, Câmara dos Deputados Silvério Aureliano de Mello Rios, Câmara dos Deputados Projeto Gráfico Márcia Xavier Bandeira, Câmara dos Deputados Marina Camargo Guimarães, Câmara dos Deputados Fotografias Júlio Cézar Fernandes Marques – SEFOT/SECOM, Câmara dos Deputados
DYNAMICS OF PARTY COMPETITION IN FOREIGN POLICY DECISION-MAKING PROCESS OF BRAZIL AND CHILE
Authors: Pasquarelli Bruno 
Published: December 2020

The study analyzes the decision-making process in foreign policy, examining the governments of the Workers Party in Brazil and the Socialist Party in Chile, investigating how international acts may be the object of legislative and partisan action and, most important, that is subjected to conflict/consensus between government and opposition. Considering the foreign policy as a public policy, the methodological assumption of this study assumed that political parties are important actors in the decision-making process, acting as veto players and influencing international acts from ideological variables and composition of coalitions.
DEMOCRACIA, INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E DESAFIOS REGULATÓRIOS: DIREITOS, DILEMAS E PODER EM SOCIEDADES DATIFICADAS
Authors: Silva Sivaldo Pereira da 
Published: December 2020

Este artigo visa identificar questões-chaves que atravessam hoje a construção de políticas de Inteligência Artificial (IA), tendo como premissa o horizonte regulatório adequado para este campo em ascensão. A análise foi desenvolvida a partir de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica, sob a lente de princípios normativos com pressupostos em Teoria Política e Teorias da Democracia. Após sintetizar os aspectos mais proeminentes que configuram o modo de funcionamento de sistemas de IA, o trabalho elencou sete problemas-chaves de ênfase política que estão nos alicerces deste debate: (1) personificação e imputabilidade da máquina; (2) dilemas e julgamentos morais; (3) autoritarismo estatístico das métricas; (4) obscurantismo matemático nos processos; (5) pervasividade utilitarista dos sistemas-autônomos; (6) controle e fronteiras da eficiência; (7) diversidade e representatividade nos códigos.
EXPEDIENTE
Authors: Freitas Marta Lúcia de Queirós de 
Published: December 2020

Conselho Editorial Adolfo Costa Araujo Rocha Furtado, Câmara dos Deputados, DFAndre Luiz Marenco dos Santos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, RSAndré Sathler Guimarães, Câmara dos Deputados, DFFabiano Guilherme Mendes Santos, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, RJLucio Remuzat Rennó Junior, Universidade de Brasília - UNB, DFPaulo Antônio Lima Costa, Câmara dos Deputados, DFRoberto Campos da Rocha Miranda, Câmara dos Deputados, DFRogério Ventura Teixeira, Câmara dos Deputados, DFSuylan de Almeida Midlej e Silva, Universidade de Brasília - UNB, DF Comissão EditorialAndré Sathler Guimarães, Câmara dos Deputados, DFAntonio Teixeira Barros, Câmara dos Deputados, DFRoberto Campos da Rocha Miranda, Câmara dos Deputados, DFMarta Lúcia de Queirós de Freitas, Câmara dos Deputados, DF Avaliadores deste NúmeroAndré Corrêa de Sá Carneiro, Câmara dos Deputados, DFBenito Almaguer Luaiza, Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas para o Desenvolvimento Humano – CEPEDH, RNCristiane Brum Bernardes, Câmara dos Deputados, DFHugo Alberto Borsani Cardozo, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro – UENF, RJJosé Raymundo Ribeiro Campos Filho, Câmara dos Deputados, DFMargarita Victoria Rodriguez, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul – UFMS, MSMaria Silva Cristofoli, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul – UFFS, SCMarina Alves Amorim, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – UFMG, MGRoberto Campos da Rocha Miranda, Câmara dos Deputados, DFThiago Gomes Eirão, Câmara dos Deputados, DF Revisão OrtográficaCristian José Oliveira Santos, Câmara dos Deputados, DFJairo Luis Brod, Câmara dos Deputados, DFMarcela Domingos de Albuquerque, DFRafael Lima Freire, Câmara dos Deputados, DF Projeto GráficoMárcia Xavier Bandeira, Câmara dos Deputados, DFMarina Camargo Guimarães, Câmara dos Deputados, DF FotografiasJúlio Cézar Fernandes Marques – SEFOT/SECOM, Câmara dos Deputados, DF
EXPEDIENTE
Authors: Freitas Marta Lúcia de Queirós de 
Published: December 2020

EXPEDIENTE Conselho EditorialAdolfo Costa Araujo Rocha Furtado, Câmara dos Deputados, DFAndre Luiz Marenco dos Santos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, RSAndré Sathler Guimarães, Câmara dos Deputados, DFFabiano Guilherme Mendes Santos, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, RJLucio Remuzat Rennó Junior, Universidade de Brasília - UNB, DFPaulo Antônio Lima Costa, Câmara dos Deputados, DFRoberto Campos da Rocha Miranda, Câmara dos Deputados, DFRogério Ventura Teixeira, Câmara dos Deputados, DFSuylan de Almeida Midlej e Silva, Universidade de Brasília - UNB, DF Comissão EditorialAndré Sathler Guimarães, Câmara dos Deputados, DFAntonio Teixeira Barros, Câmara dos Deputados, DFRoberto Campos da Rocha Miranda, Câmara dos Deputados, DFMaristela Martha de Alcântara Silva Sampaio, Câmara dos Deputados, DFMarta Lúcia de Queirós de Freitas, Câmara dos Deputados, DF Avaliadores deste NúmeroAndré Corrêa de Sá Carneiro, Câmara dos Deputados, DFBenito Almaguer Luaiza, Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas para o Desenvolvimento Humano – CEPEDH, RNCristiane Brum Bernardes, Câmara dos Deputados, DFHugo Alberto Borsani Cardozo, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro – UENF, RJJosé Raymundo Ribeiro Campos Filho, Câmara dos Deputados, DFMargarita Victoria Rodriguez, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul – UFMS, MSMaria Silva Cristofoli, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul – UFFS, SCMarina Alves Amorim, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais – UFMG, MGRoberto Campos da Rocha Miranda, Câmara dos Deputados, DFThiago Gomes Eirão, Câmara dos Deputados, DF Revisão de TextoRonaldo Santiago, Câmara dos Deputados, DFLígia Lopes Ferreira Fregapani, Câmara dos Deputados, DFMaristela Martha de Alcântara Silva Sampaio, Câmara dos Deputados, DF Projeto GráficoMárcia Xavier Bandeira, Câmara dos Deputados, DFMarina Camargo Guimarães, Câmara dos Deputados, DF FotografiasJúlio Cézar Fernandes Marques – SEFOT/SECOM, Câmara dos Deputados, DF
ORÇAMENTO PÚBLICO SEMI-IMPOSITIVO PARA TRANSFERÊNCIAS VOLUNTÁRIAS: DIAGONÓSTICO, PERSPECTIVAS E PROPOSTA DE MUDANÇAS
Authors: Ribeiro Romiro 
Published: December 2020

Diagnosticar o modelo legal de transferências voluntárias realizadas pelo Governo Federal para os entes subnacionais, em face das recorrentes irregularidades relatadas pelos órgãos de controle. Por que o modelo vem sendo mantido há décadas diante da notória ineficiência? O fim da descentralização tutelada é a solução recomendada pela pesquisa.
CULTURA POLÍTICA E ABSTENÇÃO ELEITORAL / POLITICAL CULTURE AND ELECTORAL ABSTENTION
Authors: Pase Hemerson Luiz , Silva Luis Gustavo Teixeira , Santos Everton Rodrigo 
Published: December 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivo identificar em que medida as categorias analíticas oriundas da cultura política podem contribuir para a explicação do fenômeno da abstenção eleitoral. O problema de pesquisa é: qual a relação entre a abstenção eleitoral e a avaliação do sistema político e do regime democrático? A metodologia relaciona os dados sobre a abstenção eleitoral disponível no Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE), com dados de surveys que avaliam a satisfação com a democracia. A hipótese, comprovada parcialmente, é que a abstenção eleitoral é um dos efeitos da insatisfação dos cidadãos com o regime democrático e da desconfiança das instituições políticas, particularmente dos partidos e do Congresso.
Development of a standard database of reference sites for validating global burned area products
Authors: Franquesa Magí , Vanderhoof Melanie K. , Stavrakoudis Dimitris , Gitas Ioannis Z. , Roteta Ekhi , Padilla Marc , Chuvieco Emilio 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Over the past 2 decades, several global burned area
products have been produced and released to the public. However, the
accuracy assessment of such products largely depends on the availability of
reliable reference data that currently do not exist on a global scale or
whose production require a high level of dedication of project resources.
The important lack of reference data for the validation of burned area
products is addressed in this paper. We provide the Burned Area Reference Database (BARD), the first publicly available database created by compiling existing
reference BA (burned area) datasets from different international projects. BARD contains a
total of 2661 reference files derived from Landsat and Sentinel-2 imagery.
All those files have been checked for internal quality and are freely
provided by the authors. To ensure database consistency, all files were
transformed to a common format and were properly documented by following
metadata standards. The goal of generating this database was to give
BA algorithm developers and product testers reference information that would
help them to develop or validate new BA products. BARD is freely available at
https://doi.org/10.21950/BBQQU7 (Franquesa
et al., 2020).
Evolution of events before and after the 17 June 2017 rock avalanche at Karrat Fjord, West Greenland – a multidisciplinary approach to detecting and locating unstable rock slopes in a remote Arctic area
Authors: Svennevig Kristian , Dahl-Jensen Trine , Keiding Marie , Merryman Boncori John Peter , Larsen Tine B. , Salehi Sara , Munck Solgaard Anne , Voss Peter H. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. The 17 June 2017 rock avalanche in the Karrat Fjord, West Greenland, caused a
tsunami that flooded the nearby village of Nuugaatsiaq and killed four
people. The disaster was entirely unexpected since no previous records of
large rock slope failures were known in the region, and it highlighted the
need for better knowledge of potentially hazardous rock slopes in remote
Arctic regions. The aim of the paper is to explore our ability to detect and locate unstable
rock slopes in remote Arctic regions with difficult access. We test this by
examining the case of the 17 June 2017 Karrat rock avalanche. The workflow
we apply is based on a multidisciplinary analysis of freely available data
comprising seismological records, Sentinel-1 spaceborne synthetic-aperture
radar (SAR) data, and Landsat and Sentinel-2 optical satellite imagery,
ground-truthed with limited fieldwork. Using this workflow enables us to
reconstruct a timeline of rock slope failures on the coastal slope here
collectively termed the Karrat Landslide Complex. Our analyses show that at least three recent rock avalanches occurred in the
Karrat Landslide Complex: Karrat 2009, Karrat 2016, and Karrat 2017. The
latter is the source of the abovementioned tsunami, whereas the first two
are described here in detail for the first time. All three are interpreted
as having initiated as dip-slope failures. In addition to the recent rock
avalanches, older rock avalanche deposits are observed, demonstrating older
(Holocene) periods of activity. Furthermore, three larger unstable rock
slopes that may pose a future hazard are described. A number of non-tectonic
seismic events confined to the area are interpreted as recording rock slope
failures. The structural setting of the Karrat Landslide Complex, namely
dip slope, is probably the main conditioning factor for the past and present
activity, and, based on the temporal distribution of events in the area, we
speculate that the possible trigger for rock slope failures is permafrost
degradation caused by climate warming. The results of the present work highlight the benefits of a
multidisciplinary approach, based on freely available data, to studying unstable
rock slopes in remote Arctic areas under difficult logistical field
conditions and demonstrate the importance of identifying minor precursor
events to identify areas of future hazard.
High-sensitivity Gd3+–Gd3+ EPR distance measurements that eliminate artefacts seen at short distances
Authors: EL Mkami Hassane , Hunter Robert I. , Cruickshank Paul A. S. , Taylor Michael J. , Lovett Janet E. , Feintuch Akiva , Qi Mian , Godt Adelheid , Smith Graham M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. Gadolinium complexes are attracting increasing attention
as spin labels for EPR dipolar distance measurements in biomolecules and
particularly for in-cell measurements. It has been shown that flip-flop
transitions within the central transition of the high-spin Gd3+ ion
can introduce artefacts in dipolar distance measurements, particularly when
measuring distances less than 3 nm. Previous work has shown some reduction
of these artefacts through increasing the frequency separation between the
two frequencies required for the double electron–electron resonance (DEER)
experiment. Here we use a high-power (1 kW), wideband, non-resonant system
operating at 94 GHz to evaluate DEER measurement protocols using two stiff
Gd(III) rulers, consisting of two bis-Gd3+–PyMTA complexes, with
separations of 2.1 nm and 6.0 nm, respectively. We show that by avoiding
the -12→12 central transition completely, and placing
both the pump and the observer pulses on either side of the central
transition, we can now observe apparently artefact-free spectra and narrow
distance distributions, even for a Gd–Gd distance of 2.1 nm. Importantly we
still maintain excellent signal-to-noise ratio and relatively high
modulation depths. These results have implications for in-cell EPR
measurements at naturally occurring biomolecule concentrations.
A 2600-year-long paleoseismic record for the Himalayan Main Frontal Thrust (western Bhutan)
Authors: Le Roux-Mallouf Romain , Ferry Matthieu , Cattin Rodolphe , Ritz Jean-François , Drukpa Dowchu , Pelgay Phuntsho 
Published: December 2020

Abstract. In spite of an increasing number of paleoseismic studies carried out over
the last decade along the Himalayan Arc, the chronology of historical and
prehistorical earthquakes is still poorly constrained. In this paper, we
present geomorphologic and paleoseismic studies conducted over a large
river-cut exposure along the Main Fontal Thrust in southwestern Bhutan. The
Piping site reveals a 30 m high fault-propagation fold deforming late
Holocene alluvial deposits. There, we carried out detailed paleoseismic
investigations and built a chronological framework on the basis of 22
detrital charcoal samples submitted to radiocarbon dating. Our analysis
reveals the occurrence of at least five large and great earthquakes between
485±125 BCE and 1714 CE with an average recurrence interval of 550±211 years. Coseismic slip values for most events reach at least 12 m
and suggest associated magnitudes are in the range of Mw 8.5–9. The
cumulative deformation yields an average slip rate of 24.9±10.4 mm yr−1 along the Main Frontal Thrust over the last 2600 years, in agreement with
geodetic and geomorphological results obtained nearby.
Development and Feasibility Testing of Video Home Based Telerehabilitation for Stroke Survivors in Resource Limited Settings
Authors: Odetunde Marufat O. , Binuyo Overcomer T. , Maruf Fatai A. , Ayenowowon Sunday O. , Okonji Adaobi M. , Odetunde Nurain A. , Mbada Chidozie E. 
Published: December 2020

Tele-physiotherapy has been shown to be valuable to improve clinical outcomes after stroke. Yet, home-based interventions for stroke survivors (SSVs) who speak indigenous African languages are sparse. This study developed a video-based home exercise programme (VHEP) for SSV speakers of Yoruba. A qualitative descriptive pilot study was conducted in two phases: development and feasibility testing. VHEP development followed the American Stroke Association’s recommendations to include demonstrations of task-specific mobility-task and postural training; trunk exercises, and overground walking. The exercise instructions were presented in the Yoruba language. Each exercise was demonstrated for five minutes on video for a total of 30 minutes. The feasibility testing involved ten consenting chronic SSVs. Each imitated the VHEP twice per week for two weeks and thereafter completed a feasibility questionnaire. Criteria for feasibility were: cost of using VHEP, recruitment rate, retention of participants, adherence to the exercises, and intervention delivery. The ten SSVs were recruited within one week, had prior home access to a video player at no-cost, adhered to the exercises as recorded, completed the 30 minute-duration for two weeks, and confirmed intervention delivery of VHEP. Most participants liked the novel use of Yoruba as the language of instruction on VHEP. The VHEP was feasible and acceptable among the studied sample of SSVs. Video based home telerehabilitation for SSVs therefore has the potential to meet the growing need for tele-physiotherapy in resource limited settings.
Thracians in the Second Macedonian War (200–197 B.C.)
Authors: Iliev Jordan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article presents and analyzes all of the available evidence on Thracian participation in the Second Macedonian War. It is demonstrated that contingents (lightly armed infantrymen) from Thrace fought (as auxiliaries, and probably as mercenaries) on the side of the Macedonians, remaining reliable allies throughout the war. During the war, Roman diplomacy succeeded in organizing attacks on Macedonia by land from the west, north, and south, but not from the east; this observation proves Philip V’s strong positions in Thrace. Due to incomplete data, it is not possible to determine the exact number of Thracians in the Macedonian army or whether the number varied during the war. The article ends with a suggestion that the good awareness of the Romans about the geopolitical situation in the Balkans, demonstrated by T. Quinctius Flamininus, implies their acquisition (probably for the first time) of information about Thrace and the Thracians.
Between Byzantium and the West: Serbian Marital Policy and Political Orientation (Mid-Eleventh Century – 1371)
Authors: Stojkovski Boris 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of this article is to present the marital policy of the dynasties of two medieval Serbian lands, Dioclea and Rascia (Serbia), from the mid-eleventh century until the death of King Milutin in 1321. Serbia was situated in the area of the Balkan Peninsula, which was a region of interest for both Western and Central European powers, as well as the Byzantine empire. In a cultural sense, Serbia embraced the Orthodox faith and Byzantine culture, but until the second half of the fourteenth century, Byzantium was its biggest political rival. Serbia had spread its territory and gained its political independence at the expense of Byzantium. In order to reach this political aim, marital policy was of highest importance. Central European and Western Latin princesses brought with them political alliances with the West, which gave Serbia a certain importance in the wider European context of international politics. Princesses came to Serbia from Norman Sicily and Hungary, and at the same time, Serbian female members of the ruling dynasties went abroad. Finally, Byzantine princesses in Serbia were a symbol of truce between the two countries, but also a pledge of the spread of the Byzantine culture and Orthodox faith.