bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative 18F-FDG PET-CT can assess presence and extent of interstitial lung disease in early severe diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis
Authors: Broens Bo , Nossent Esther J. , Meijboom Lilian J. , Zwezerijnen Gerben J. C. , Spierings Julia , de Vries-Bouwstra Jeska K. , van Laar Jacob M. , van der Laken Conny J. , Voskuyl Alexandre E. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to assess the quantitative uptake of 18F-FDG PET-CT in the lungs of patients with early severe diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (SSc) with and without interstitial lung disease (ILD), compared to controls. In patients with SSc-ILD, 18F-FDG uptake was correlated to high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters.

Methods
A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 15 patients with SSc-ILD, 5 patients with SSc without ILD, and 7 controls without SSc. 18F-FDG PET-CT scans were performed following standardized protocols, and quantitative analysis of tracer uptake was conducted in predefined lung regions. In addition, HRCT scans were evaluated for ILD-related radiologic abnormalities. Between-group differences were compared with non-parametric tests, while correlations with PFT parameters were analyzed using Spearman correlation coefficients.

Results
18F-FDG uptake was mainly increased in the dorsobasal lung fields of patients with SSc-ILD compared to SSc without ILD and controls (p = 0.03 and p < 0.001, respectively). 18F-FDG uptake was higher in SSc patients with extensive ILD (≥ 20% vs < 20%, p = 0.04) and correlated with lower DLCO% (R = -0.59, p = 0.02). Ground-glass opacities, with or without reticulation, corresponded to increased 18F-FDG uptake.

Conclusions
18F-FDG PET-CT can detect metabolic activity in the lungs of patients with early severe diffuse cutaneous SSc and ILD, correlating with higher ILD extent (≥ 20%) and lower DLCO%. These results suggest the potential utility of 18F-FDG PET-CT in the early detection of ILD (progression) and aiding in risk stratification.
Integrated bioinformatic analysis of the shared molecular mechanisms between ANCA-associated vasculitis and atherosclerosis
Authors: Hu Xun , Xu Lou Inmaculada , Chen Qilan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background and objective
Accumulated evidence supports the tendency of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis(AAV) to coexist with atherosclerosis (AS). However, the common etiology of these two diseases remains unclear. This study aims to explore the mechanisms underlying the concurrent occurrence of ANCA and AS.

Methods
Microarray data of AAV and AS were examined in a comprehensive gene expression database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential gene expression analysis (GEO2R) were performed to identify common genes between AAV and AS. Based on the co-expressed genes, functional enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and identification of hub genes (HGs) were conducted. Subsequently, co-expression analysis of HGs was performed, and their expression and diagnostic value were validated. We further explored immune cell infiltration and analyzed the correlation between HGs and infiltrating immune cells. Finally, the reliability of the selected pathways was verified.

Results
The results of the common gene analysis suggest that immune and inflammatory responses may be common features in the pathophysiology of AAV and AS. Through the interaction of different analysis results, we confirmed five HGs (CYBB, FCER1G, TYROBP, IL10RA, CSF1R). The CytoHubba plugin and HG validation demonstrated the reliability of the selected five HGs. Co-expression network analysis revealed that these five HGs could influence monocyte migration. Analysis of immune cell infiltration showed that monocytes in ANCA and M0 macrophages in AS constituted a higher proportion of all infiltrating immune cells, with significant differences in infiltration. We also found significant positive correlations between CYBB, FCER1G, TYROBP, IL10RA, CSF1R, and monocytes/M0 macrophages in AAV, as well as between CYBB, FCER1G, TYROBP, IL10RA, CSF1R, and M0 macrophages in AS.

Conclusion
These five HGs can promote monocyte differentiation into macrophages, leading to the concurrent occurrence of AAV and AS. Our study provides insights into the mechanisms underlying the coexistence of AAV and AS.
Primary prevention of food allergy: beyond early introduction
Authors: Chan Edmond S. , Abrams Elissa M. , Mack Douglas P , Protudjer Jennifer L.P. , Watson Wade 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFood allergy typically begins early in life and persists as a lifelong condition. Delayed introduction of allergenic foods followed by years of hesitancy to introduce these foods early may have contributed to the increase in food allergy prevalence in recent decades. Most infant feeding guidelines focus on the importance of early introduction of allergenic foods in infants at around age 4–6 months. However, regular, ongoing ingestion of allergenic foods is also critical for the primary prevention of food allergy. Similarly, intermittent exposure to cow’s milk formula (CMF) in early infancy increases the risk of cow’s milk allergy (CMA), while regular exposure (if it is introduced) prevents it. Families hesitant to introduce allergenic foods to their infant at home (despite education) should be offered introduction in a primary care clinic. Infants who have failed primary prevention should be referred to an allergist for consideration of early infant oral immunotherapy (OIT).
How can effective communication help radiographers meet the expectations of patients—COMMUNICATION—a joint statement by the ESR & EFRS
Authors: Beardmore Charlotte , England Andrew , Cruwys Cheryl , Carrié Dominique ,   on behalf of the European Federation of Radiographer Societies,,   and the European Society of Radiology
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Patient Advisory Group (PAG) of the European Society of Radiology, in collaboration with the European Federation of Radiographer Societies (EFRS), aims to highlight, in this short paper, the important role that communication plays when trying to meet patients’ expectations throughout their imaging journey in a radiology department. The interactions with radiography professionals carrying out diagnostic or interventional procedures are critical in supporting high-quality patient care and patients’ expectations. The key areas of consideration have been summarised in an easy-to-remember mnemonic: COMMUNICATION. There are different healthcare systems and medical imaging services across Europe, and healthcare providers should be mindful, when setting up new operational procedures, of the need for processes and systems to support the delivery of patient-centred care. At times when new or improved technology is being introduced, such as artificial intelligence applications, telemedicine, robotisation of interventional procedures, and digitised records, the impact on patient-radiographer communication and interactions should be considered.

Critical relevance statement
Effective communication helps radiographers meet patients’ expectations by ensuring clear explanations, reducing anxiety, fostering trust, and improving cooperation during procedures. This enhances patient satisfaction, safety, and the overall quality of care, aligning with professional standards and patient-centred healthcare.

Key Points

Patient-centred imaging services are key to meeting patients’ demands.

Radiography professionals in radiology departments and medical imaging services should always communicate effectively with patients.

This ESR-Patient Advisory Group publication attempts to summarise the key areas that should be embedded in patient communication.

The ‘COMMUNICATION’ statement can be used as a reminder to all radiography professionals to work to improve patient-radiographer interactions and provide patient-focused services.
Using computational systematic social observation to identify environmental correlates of fear of crime
Authors: Solymosi Réka , Parkinson Simon , Pődör Andrea , Khan Saad , Khan Muhammad 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThere is great importance in understanding whether people perceive an environment as safe or unsafe. Perceptions are influenced by the built environment, and through better understanding, design interventions can be made to improve the feeling of safety. There is a rich body of research on this topic, yet it requires a lot of manual effort. In this work, we present an approach named Computational Systematic Social Observation (CSSO) to automate the collection and analysis process. The approach uses Google Street View and the Google Vision API to extract characteristics (herein referred to as features) of the built environment that is used to automate the process of understanding whether people will feel fear or safety. In testing this approach, we extracted $$\tilde{1}$$

1
~

.3M images for the 100 locations and identified 297 features of the built environment. A measure of dependency demonstrated that some are more strongly associated with areas where people express a feeling of safety or fear. Further, through empirical testing, it is observed that these features can be used for classification. The results demonstrate the potential of the technique and were compared with human coders. The presented methodology and exploratory research provide a foundation for systematic computational observation to identify environmental correlates of fear of crime.
Energy efficiency optimization analysis of a ground source heat pump system based on neural networks and genetic algorithms
Authors: Wei Shanming , Wang HaiBo , Tian YanFa , Man Xubo , Wang Yanshi , Zhou ShiYu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis paper reports on the performance of a ground source heat pump (GSHP) system located in Shandong Province, China. The system operation data were monitored and collected by a data collection system. According to the analysis of the accumulated operational data, it was found that the GSHP system showed a relative higher COP in cooling season of 2023 than that of 2022 due to the change of supplying water temperature at ground-source side. Based on the analyzed data, a BP neural network model for energy consumption prediction was established. Furthermore, genetic algorithm (GA) was used to optimize the control strategy on the basis of the energy consumption prediction model. Comparison between the artificial experience control strategy and the one optimized by the genetic algorithm was conducted. The results show that the optimization strategy of the genetic algorithm is superior in terms of energy saving, particularly in the load rate higher than 50%, in which, the average energy-saving rate reaches 39.66%. Within the load rate range of 30–50%, the energy-saving rate could also reach 7.84%.
Novel approach for modelling low enthalpy geothermal in deep sedimentary aquifers: a case study of 40 years of production data in the Dogger formation
Authors: Renaud Theo , Popineau Joris , O’Sullivan John , Dorado Julien Gasser 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGeothermal energy in the Paris urban area has been exploited since the early 1970s. Deep drilling in the Paris sedimentary basin has targeted hot brine in the Dogger formations from a mid-Jurassic carbonate rocks series. More than a hundred wells have been drilled to depths ranging from 1400 to 2000 m and decades of production and reinjection have resulted in variations in the aquifer pressure and temperature in some areas. The regional numerical model discussed herein is aimed at assessing the potential interactions between doublets and for assessing the impact of the addition of more wells in the future. While the integration of a 3D refined geological model into a large-scale reservoir model needs heavy computational resources, local models simplifying the main productive areas into one or two layers surrounded by impermeable units can be used to approximately assess the reservoir characteristics. The modelling of a semi-regional area of the Dogger reservoir in the Southern part of Paris (Cachan/Orly) has been performed, using a conventional double-layer approach to simulate the natural state and production history of the area using the simulator Waiwera, a fast parallel open-source geothermal simulator from the University of Auckland in New-Zealand. Calibration of a natural state model, which describes the conditions before any geothermal operations, has been performed, including an analysis of the impact of boundary condition values on the ability of the model to match the data available in the public domain. The temperature and pressure distributions, instead of being based on geostatistical mapping methods have been obtained from a calibrated natural state model. The implementation of a regional lateral cross flow observed from past studies proved to be essential for matching the measured temperatures and pressures along with variations in the deep heat flux. A calibrated model has been obtained from matching the available production data with mismatches of no more than 1.5 °C. The modelling results confirm the dominance of the shallower productive zone in the aquifers and give insights into the extent of the cooler areas created by the long-term operations. Thus we have used the Dogger reservoir, with multiple data sets available, as a case study for calibrating a semi regional numerical model of a deep sedimentary aquifer used for geothermal direct-use. Our modelling study accounts for the conceptual understanding of the sedimentary aquifer with its heterogeneities and calibrates the numerical model against the measured historical data. Based on the calibrated reservoir model, the pressure and temperature responses in deep productive areas can be determined enabling operators or decision makers to test future strategies for sustainably operating the geothermal resource.
Impact of board-certified intensive care training facilities on choice of adjunctive therapies and prognosis of severe respiratory failure: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Yoshida Takuo , Shimizu Sayuri , Fushimi Kiyohide , Mihara Takahiro 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients with severe respiratory failure have high mortality and need various interventions. However, the impact of intensivists on treatment choices, patient outcomes, and optimal intensivist staffing patterns is unknown. In this study, we aimed to evaluate treatments and clinical outcomes for patients at board-certified intensive care training facilities compared with those at non-certified facilities.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study used Japan’s nationwide in-patient database from 2016 to 2019 and included patients with non-operative severe respiratory failure who required mechanical ventilation for over 4 days. Treatments and in-hospital mortality were compared between board-certified intensive care facilities requiring at least one intensivist and non-certified facilities using propensity score matching.

Results
Of the 66,905 patients in this study, 30,588 were treated at board-certified facilities, and 36,317 were not. The following differed between board-certified and non-certified facilities: propofol (35% vs. 18%), dexmedetomidine (37% vs. 19%), fentanyl (50% vs. 20%), rocuronium (8.5% vs. 2.6%), vecuronium (1.9% vs. 0.6%), noradrenaline (35% vs. 19%), arginine vasopressin (8.1% vs. 2.0%), adrenaline (2.3% vs. 1.0%), dobutamine (8.7% vs. 4.8%), phosphodiesterase inhibitors (1.0% vs. 0.3%), early enteral nutrition (29% vs. 14%), early rehabilitation (34% vs. 30%), renal replace therapy (15% vs. 6.7%), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (1.6% vs. 0.3%), critical care unit admission (74% vs. 30%), dopamine (9.0% vs. 15%), sivelestat (4.1% vs. 7.0%), and high-dose methylprednisolone (13% vs. 15%). After 1:1 propensity score matching, the board-certified group had lower in-hospital mortality than the non-certified group (31% vs. 38%; odds ratio, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.72–0.77; P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed greater benefits in the board-certified group for older patients, those who required vasopressors on the first day of mechanical ventilation, and those treated in critical care units.

Conclusions
Board-certified intensive care training facilities implemented several different adjunctive treatments for severe respiratory failure compared to non-board-certified facilities, and board-certified facilities were associated with lower in-hospital mortality. Because various factors may contribute to the outcome, the causal relationship remains uncertain. Further research is warranted to determine how best to strengthen patient outcomes in the critical care system through the certification of intensive care training facilities.
Analysis on dendritic deep learning model for AMR task
Authors: Yin Peng , Zhu Sanli , Yu Yang , Wang Ziqian , Chen Zhuangzhi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a novel hybrid deep learning model featuring a dendritic layer for enhancing the performance of automatic modulation recognition (AMR). By replacing the fully connected layer, the proposed model demonstrates superior classification accuracy in AMR tasks. Comparative experiments with nine state-of-the-art deep learning models on the RadioML2016.10a dataset reveal its consistent superiority. Statistical analyses, including the Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test, confirm the significant advantage of the HDM-D model.
Novel oxidative stress- and ferroptosis-related gene prognostic signature for erectile dysfunction
Authors: Liu Meijun , Yu Maobin , Ma ZiYang , Xu Zilong , Zhang Tao , Zeng Hongsen , Li Ze , Dang XiYu , Zhang Peihai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Studies have suggested that Guizhi Jia Longgu Muli decoction (GuiZhiJiaLongGuMuLiTang) has a therapeutic effect on erectile dysfunction (ED), even though how it works is still not fully understood.

Methods
In this research, transcriptome data related to ED were extracted from the GEO database. The candidate target genes were obtained by intersecting the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) screened using the software package limma, oxidative stress-related genes (OSRGs), ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs), and the target genes of the chemically active ingredients of GuiZhiJiaLongGuMuLiTang. Enrichment analyses of these candidate target genes were conducted using ClusterProfiler, and the key chemically active ingredient-candidate target gene-KEGG pathway network was constructed using Cytoscape. Then, the key target genes of ED were identified through an analysis of protein–protein interactions (PPIs). Additionally, a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to investigate the functions of the key target genes, and the mRNA-miRNA and TF-mRNA regulatory networks were developed to explore the potential regulation of these key genes. Furthermore, the intermolecular interactions between key target genes and key chemically active ingredients of GuiZhiJiaLongGuMuLiTang were studied using molecular docking analysis.

Results
Fifteen candidate target genes were associated with the HIF-1 signaling pathway, of which EGFR, PPARG, SLC2A1, and SRC were screened as the key target genes for ED. Notably, these key target genes were associated with oxidative phosphorylation, focal adhesion, and ECM–receptor interaction. The miRNA-mRNA and TF-mRNA regulatory networks were constructed, and it was observed that EGR1 could regulate EGFR and PPARG, TP53 could regulate EGFR and SLC2A1, and SP1 could regulate EGFR and SRC simultaneously. The miRNAs hsa-miR-1-3p, hsa-miR-218-5p, hsa-miR-138-5p, and hsa-miR-27a-3p were the common miRNAs of EGFR and PPARG. Furthermore, quercetin was the key chemically active ingredient of GuiZhiJiaLongGuMuLiTang, with the docking affinity between SLC2A1 and quercetin being the highest.

Conclusion
This study identified four key target genes related to oxidative stress and ferroptosis in ED: EGFR, PPARG, SLC2A1, and SRC, along with quercetin, an active compound in GuiZhiJiaLongGuMuLiTang. These results enrich the research on the mechanism of Guizhi Jia Longgu Muli decoction in treating erectile dysfunction.
Pretreatment administration of hydro-ethanolic extract of Syzygium aromaticum prevents thioacetamide-induced liver injury in rat
Authors: Pajouhi Ali , Pajouhi Naser , Karimi Rouzbahani Arian , Assaei Raheleh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Liver injury is an important problem in healthcare. Thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver injury is an established model in experimental research for assessing the impact of various toxins and pharmaceuticals on the liver. TAA induces its harmful effects by the production of oxidative biomolecules. Oxidative stress subsequently alters liver function, resulting in alterations in the enzymatic activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Syzygium aromaticum has significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and has been utilised in traditional medicine for liver diseases. Therefore, this study evaluated the hepatoprotective effect of the hydro-ethanolic extract of Syzygium aromaticum (HESA) against TAA-induced liver injury.

Material and methods
Hepatotoxicity was induced with intraperitoneal administration of TAA (150 mg/kg body weight, 3 days per week for 4 weeks) in Wistar rats. The pretreatment with HESA was conducted at three doses of 50, 150, and 300 mg/kg body weight, administered orally, starting 4 weeks before TAA administration and continued for 8 weeks. The activities of serum AST, ALT, and ALP, as well as liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA), were assessed. Histopathological analyses were conducted using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining.

Results
The findings showed that HESA pretreatment significantly lowered TAA-induced oxidative stress. Additionally, TAA significantly increased AST, ALT, and ALP serum levels, whereas HESA significantly recovered the corresponding values. H&E staining also showed that TAA-induced structural liver damage was characterised by central vein dilatation, and necrosis, and apoptosis in adjacent cells. The histopathological findings of the TAA group were partially recovered in the pretreatment extract groups.

Conclusion
The results of this study support the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Syzygium aromaticum against TAA-induced liver injury.