bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Menstrual Pattern, Reproductive Hormones, and Transabdominal 3D Ultrasound in 317 Adolescent Girls
Authors: Assens Maria , Dyre Liv , Henriksen Louise Scheutz , Brocks Vibeke , Sundberg Karin , Jensen Lisa Neerup , Pedersen Anette Tønnes , Main Katharina M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Context
The knowledge of normal variation of reproductive hormones, internal genitalia imaging, and the prevalence of gynecological disorders in adolescent girls is limited.

Objective
The study aimed to describe reproductive parameters in postmenarchal girls from the general population including the frequency of oligomenorrhea, polycystic ovary syndrome, and use of hormonal contraception.

Design
The Copenhagen Mother-Child Cohort is a population-based longitudinal birth cohort of 1210 girls born between 1997 and 2002.

Setting
University hospital.

Participants
A total of 317 girls were included, with a median age of 16.1 years and time since menarche of 2.9 years.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Tanner stage, height, weight, age at menarche, menstrual cycle length and regularity, ovarian/uterine volume, and number of follicles were recorded. Serum concentrations of FSH, LH, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), inhibin B, estradiol, testosterone, SHBG, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, 17-OH-progesterone, and IGF-1 were measured.

Results
Twenty girls (6.3%) had oligomenorrhea and differed significantly in serum androgens and AMH, age at and time since menarche from girls with regular cycles. Twenty-seven girls were classified with PCOS (8.5%) and had significantly higher 17-OH-progesterone, estradiol, AMH, LH, and age at menarche than the reference group. Girls on oral contraception had significantly higher serum SHBG concentrations and lower serum concentrations of all hormones except AMH and IGF-1. Ovarian follicles 2 to 29.9 mm correlated positively with serum AMH (P &lt; 0.0001).

Conclusions
Most 16-year-old girls had regular menstrual cycles, normal reproductive hormones, and uterine and ovarian ultrasound. Serum AMH reflected ovarian follicle count and may be a useful biomarker of ovarian reserve.
Trophoblast H2S Maintains Early Pregnancy via Regulating Maternal-Fetal Interface Immune Hemostasis
Authors: Wang Banqin , Xu Tonghui , Li Yan , Wang Wenfu , Lyu Chunzi , Luo Dan , Yang Qiuhong , Ning Nannan , Chen Zi-Jiang , Yan Junhao , Chen Dong-bao , Li Jingxin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Context
Dysregulated immune hemostasis occurs in unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA). Synthesized by cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) promotes regulatory T-cell differentiation and regulates immune hemostasis; yet, its role in URSA is elusive.

Objective
To determine if H2S plays a role in early pregnancy and if dysregulated H2S signaling results in recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Design
First trimester placenta villi and decidua were collected from normal and URSA pregnancies. Protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Human trophoblast HTR8/SVneo and JEG3 cells were treated with H2S donors; HTR8/SVneo cells were transfected with CBS ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) or complementary deoxyribonucleic acid. Cell migration and invasion were determined by transwell assays; trophoblast transcriptomes were determined by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Wild-type, CBS-deficient, and CBA/J × DBA/2 mice were treated with CBS and CSE inhibitors or H2S donors to determine the role of H2S in early pregnancy in vivo.

Results
CBS and CSE proteins showed cell-specific expressions, but only CBS decreased in the villous cytotrophoblast in URSA versus normal participants. H2S donors promoted migration and invasion and MMP-2 and VEGF expression in human placenta trophoblast cells that contain SV40 viral deoxyribonucleic acid sequences (HTR8/SVneo) and human placenta trophoblast cells (JEG3 cells), similar to forced CBS expression in HTR8/SVneo cells. The CBS-responsive transcriptomes in HTR8/SVneo cells contained differentially regulated genes (ie, interleukin-1 receptor and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2) that are associated with nuclear factor-κB-mediated inflammatory response. In vivo, dysregulated CBS/H2S signaling significantly increased embryonic resorption and decidual T-helper 1/T-helper 2 imbalance in mice, which was partially rescued by H2S donors.

Conclusion
CBS/H2S signaling maintains early pregnancy, possibly via regulating maternal-fetal interface immune hemostasis, offering opportunities for H2S-based immunotherapies for URSA.
Effects of Potassium or Sodium Supplementation on Mineral Homeostasis: A Controlled Dietary Intervention Study
Authors: Humalda Jelmer K , Yeung Stanley M H , Geleijnse Johanna M , Gijsbers Lieke , Riphagen Ineke J , Hoorn Ewout J , Rotmans Joris I , Vogt Liffert , Navis Gerjan , Bakker Stephan J L , de Borst Martin H 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Context
Although dietary potassium and sodium intake may influence calcium-phosphate metabolism and bone health, the effects on bone mineral parameters, including fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), are unclear.

Objective
Here, we investigated the effects of potassium or sodium supplementation on bone mineral parameters.

Design, setting, participants
We performed a post hoc analysis of a dietary controlled randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Prehypertensive individuals not using antihypertensive medication (n = 36) received capsules containing potassium chloride (3 g/d), sodium chloride (3 g/d), or placebo. Linear mixed-effect models were used to estimate treatment effects.

Results
Potassium supplementation increased plasma phosphate (from 1.10 ± 0.19 to 1.15 ± 0.19 mmol/L, P = 0.004), in line with an increase in tubular maximum of phosphate reabsorption (from 0.93 ± 0.21 to 1.01 ± 0.20 mmol/L, P &lt; 0.001). FGF23 decreased (114.3 [96.8-135.0] to 108.5 [93.5-125.9] RU/mL, P = 0.01), without change in parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxy vitamin D3. Fractional calcium excretion decreased (from 1.25 ± 0.50 to 1.11 ± 0.46 %, P = 0.03) without change in plasma calcium. Sodium supplementation decreased both plasma phosphate (from 1.10 ± 0.19 to 1.06 ± 0.21 mmol/L, P = 0.03) and FGF23 (from 114.3 [96.8-135.0] to 108.7 [92.3-128.1] RU/mL, P = 0.02). Urinary and fractional calcium excretion increased (from 4.28 ± 1.91 to 5.45 ± 2.51 mmol/24 hours, P &lt; 0.001, and from 1.25 ± 0.50 to 1.44 ± 0.54 %, P = 0.004, respectively).

Conclusions
Potassium supplementation led to a decrease in FGF23, which was accompanied by increase in plasma phosphate and decreased calcium excretion. Sodium supplementation reduced FGF23, but this was accompanied by decrease in phosphate and increase in fractional calcium excretion. Our results indicate distinct effects of potassium and sodium intake on bone mineral parameters, including FGF23.

Clinical Trial Registration number
NCT01575041
Mechanistic Causes of Reduced Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Abushamat Layla A , McClatchey P Mason , Scalzo Rebecca L , Schauer Irene , Huebschmann Amy G , Nadeau Kristen J , Liu Zhenqi , Regensteiner Judith G , Reusch Jane E B 
Published: June 2020

AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2D) has been rising in prevalence in the United States and worldwide over the past few decades and contributes to significant morbidity and premature mortality, primarily due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a modifiable cardiovascular (CV) risk factor in the general population and in people with T2D. Young people and adults with T2D have reduced CRF when compared with their peers without T2D who are similarly active and of similar body mass index. Furthermore, the impairment in CRF conferred by T2D is greater in women than in men. Various factors may contribute to this abnormality in people with T2D, including insulin resistance and mitochondrial, vascular, and cardiac dysfunction. As proof of concept that understanding the mediators of impaired CRF in T2D can inform intervention, we previously demonstrated that an insulin sensitizer improved CRF in adults with T2D. This review focuses on how contributing factors influence CRF and why they may be compromised in T2D. Functional exercise capacity is a measure of interrelated systems biology; as such, the contribution of derangement in each of these factors to T2D-mediated impairment in CRF is complex and varied. Therefore, successful approaches to improve CRF in T2D should be multifaceted and individually designed. The current status of this research and future directions are outlined.
Telomere Length Changes in Children With Cushing Disease: A Pilot Study
Authors: Tatsi Christina , Flippo Chelsi , Faucz Fabio R , Sinaii Ninet , Stratakis Constantine A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Context
Changes in telomere length (TL) have been linked to certain diseases. Studies on the effect of cortisol on TL have not led to conclusive results.

Objective
To determine whether TL is affected in pediatric patients with Cushing disease (CD) through an exploratory study.

Design
We studied 10 pediatric patients [mean age: 13.3 (2.6) years, 7 females], diagnosed and treated successfully for CD. TL was measured before and approximately 1 year after treatment. TL was compared with controls adjusting for age, and associations with disease characteristics were assessed.

Results
Adjusting for age, total lymphocyte TL of patients did not differ from controls during active disease (P = 0.13) but was shorter than controls at follow-up (P = 0.031). Total lymphocyte TL during active CD and at follow-up did not correlate with markers of hypercortisolemia. There was strong inverse correlation between TL during active disease and at follow-up with triglyceride levels at active disease (adjusted [Adj] R2 = 0.64; P = 0.02 and Adj R2 = 0.5; P = 0.036, respectively), suggesting that the higher the triglycerides, the shorter the TL in patients with CD. The change of TL between active disease and follow-up was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (Adj R2 = 0.76; P = 0.006).

Conclusions
In this pilot study, TL is shorter in children with hypercortisolemia, a difference that becomes detectable only after cure of CD. Triglycerides and blood pressure appear to be factors that are associated with TL in these patients. Further studies are required to confirm these results.
Alternative Splicing Regulation of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Camellia sinensis var. assamica Unveiled by PacBio Iso-Seq
Authors: Chen Lijiao , Shi Xingyun , Nian Bo , Duan Shuangmei , Jiang Bin , Wang Xinghua , Lv Caiyou , Zhang Guanghui , Ma Yan , Zhao Ming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Although the pathway and transcription factor regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze] are known, post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms involved in anthocyanin accumulation have not been comprehensively studied. We obtained the full-length transcriptome of a purple cultivar (‘Zijuan’) and a normal green cultivar (‘Yunkang 10#) of C. sinensis var. asssamica (Masters) showing different accumulation of anthocyanins and catechins through PacBio isoform sequencing (Iso-Seq). In total, 577,557 mapped full-length cDNAs were obtained, and 2,600 average-length gene isoforms were identified in both cultivars. After gene annotations and pathway predictions, we found that 98 key genes in anthocyanin biosynthesis pathways could have undergone alternative splicing (AS) events, and identified a total of 238 isoforms involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. We verified expression of the C4H, CHS, FLS, CCOM, F3′5’H, LAR, PAL, CCR, CYP73A13, UDP75L12, UDP78A15/UFGT, UDP94P1, GL3, MYB113, ANR, ANS, F3H, 4CL1, CYP98A3/C3H, CHI, DFR genes and their AS transcripts using qRT-PCR. Correlation analysis of anthocyanin biosynthesis and gene expression results revealed that C4H1, FLS1, PAL2, CCR2, UDP75L122 and MYB113-1 are crucial AS transcripts for regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in C. sinensis var. assamica. Our results reveal post-transcriptional regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in tea plants, and provide more new insights into the regulation of secondary metabolism.
Intervenciones farmacológicas para el tratamiento de la Enfermedad por Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Authors: Huaroto Fabiola , Reyes Nora , Huamán Karen , Bonilla Catherine , Curisinche-Rojas Maricela , Carmona Gloria , Gutierrez Ericson , Caballero Patricia 
Published: June 2020

Varios fármacos han sido propuestos como alternativas terapéuticas para COVID-19. Se efectuó una búsqueda sistematica en MEDLINE (vía PubMed) hasta el 20 de marzo de 2020, con el fin de identificar la evidencia disponible sobre intervenciones farmacológicas para tratamiento específico de COVID-19. 947 publicaciones fueron identificadas y 15 estudios seleccionados: 3 ensayos clínicos, 5 series de casos y 7 reportes de casos. La calidad de la evidencia procedente de ensayos clínicos fue evaluada según la metodología GRADE. La evidencia existente para hidroxicloroquina, favipiravir y lopinavir/ritonavir procede de ensayos clínicos que reportan resultados favorables para los dos primeros fármacos en tanto que no se observó ningún beneficio al adicionar lopinavir/ritonavir al tratamiento estándar. Sin embargo, debido a las limitaciones metodológicas, la evidencia es de muy baja certeza para hidroxicloroquina y de baja certeza para favipiravir y lopinavir/ritonavir. Respecto al uso de arbidol interferón, o el uso combinado de estos con lopinavir/ritonavir, la evidencia es limitada ya que deriva de serie de casos o reporte de casos con resultados no determinantes. No se identificaron estudios que permitan determinar la eficacia y seguridad de intervenciones farmacológicas frente a COVID-19.
Esperar a la evidencia antes de tratar a casos leves de COVID-19
Authors: Pecho-Silva Samuel , Navarro-Solsol Ana Claudia , Arteaga-Livias Kovy , Panduro-Correa Vicky 
Published: June 2020

Con mucho interés hemos leído el artículo especial recientemente publicado en la revista que usted dirige (1) en el cual los autores sugieren el uso de hidroxicloroquina (HC) o cloroquina (CQ) para el tratamiento de casos leves de Covid-19 en la comunidad. Hemos revisado las 39 referencias que citan los autores sin poder encontrar alguna que se refiera al tratamiento de casos leves de Covid-19. La tabla 1 muestra las referencias citadas que son estudios clínicos con HC o CQ en casos moderados/severos de Covid-19. En la carta de Gao (2) se menciona que 100 pacientes de varios ensayos clínicos vienen recibiendo CQ con éxito; sin embargo, esa información preliminar no puede ser corroborada. En la serie de casos de Gautret (3) el 90% de pacientes tratados con HQ presentaron un aclaramiento viral al final del estudio. Hay un reporte de Chen (4) que está disponible en la web, que no ha sido revisado por pares, ni se conoce la revista que lo ha aceptado.
Drought and the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta, 2012–2016: Environmental Review and Lessons
Authors: Durand John , Bombardelli Fabian , Fleenor William , Henneberry Yumiko , Herman Jon , Jeffres Carson , Leinfelder-Miles Michelle , Lusardi Robert , Manfree Amber , Medellín-Azura Josué , Milligan Brett , Moyle Peter , Lund Jay 
Published: June 2020

This paper reviews environmental management and the use of science in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta during California’s 2012–2016 drought. The review is based on available reports and data, and guided by discussions with 27 agency staff, stake-holders, and researchers. Key management actions for the drought are discussed relative to four major drought water management priorities stated by water managers: support public health and safety, control saltwater intrusion, preserve cold water in Shasta Reservoir, and maintain minimum protections for endangered species. Despite some success in streamlining communication through interagency task forces, conflicting management mandates sometimes led to confusion about priorities and actions during the drought (i.e., water delivery, the environment, etc.). This report highlights several lessons and offers suggestions to improve management for future droughts. Recommendations include use of pre-drought warnings, timely drought declarations, improved transparency and useful documentation, better scientific preparation, development of a Delta drought management plan (including preparing for salinity barriers), and improved water accounting. Finally, better environmental outcomes occur when resources are applied to improving habitat and bolstering populations of native species during inter-drought periods, well before stressful conditions occur.
PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PERMAINAN TRADISIONAL UNTUK TRAUMA HEALING PASCA BENCANA PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Sulistyaningtyas Reza Edwin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract:. Indonesia is a country prone to natural disasters. The impact of a natural disaster can happen to anyone, be it adults or younger children. Especially for young children to natural disasters is a phenomenon that is less biased understood by children, so if a natural disaster that happens the child will be prone to trauma. Trauma experienced by early children can handled, one of them using play therapy. Types of play activities that can be using for play therapy is the traditional game. This study aims to: (1)develop the design of traditional games model for post-disaster trauma healing in early childhood and (2) knowing the appropriate by expert of the traditional games model for post-disaster trauma healing in early childhood. This type of research is the research and development (R D). Using ADDIE development model, but in this study reached the stage 3 are: analyze, design and development. The technique of collecting data used interviews and questionnaires. Data analysis used quantitative analysis using the average as a measure to determine the quality of the product. Based on the evaluation of materials and media experts result to the feasibility of the media obtained an average score 3.09 (good) and the appropriateness of the material obtained a score of 3.9 (very good).Keyword: trauma healing, early childhood, traditional games, natural disaster, play therapy Abstrak: Indonesia merupakan negara yang rawan terjadi bencana alam. Dampak terjadinya bencana alam dapat terjadi pada siapa saja, baik itu orang dewasa maupun anak usia dini. Terutama bagi anak usia dini bencana alam merupakan fenomena yang kurang bias dipahami oleh anak sehingga jika bencana alam itu terjadi anak akan rentan terkena trauma. Trauma yang dialami oleh anak usia dini dapat ditangani, salah satunya dengan menggunakan terapi bermain. Jenis kegiatan bermain yang dapat digunakan untuk play terapi yaitu permainan tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengembangkan desain model permainan tradisional untuk trauma healing pasca bencana pada anak usia dini dan (2) mengetahui kelayakan model permainan tradisional untuk trauma healing pasca bencana pada anak usia din. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (Research Development). Model pengembangan menggunakan ADDIE, namun dalam penelitian ini sampai pada tahap 3 yaitu: analyze, design dan development. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan wawancara dan angket. Analisis data menggunakan analisis kuantitatif dengan menggunakan rata-rata sebagai ukuran untuk mengetahui kualitas produk. Berdasarkan penilaian dari ahli materi dan media diperoleh hasil untuk kelayakan media diperoleh skor rata-rata 3.09 (baik) dan kelayakan materi diperoleh skor 3.9 (sangat baik).Kata Kunci: trauma healing, anak usia dini, permainan tradisional, bencana alam, terapi bermain
PENGARUH REGULASI EMOSI TERHADAP PERILAKU PROSOSIAL ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Drupadi Rizky 
Published: June 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengambilan perspektif dan regulasi emosi terhadap perilaku prososial pada anak usia dini. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis studi expo facto dengan pengambilan data secara survey. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang ditunjukkan kepada guru kelas untuk memperoleh data regulasi emosi pada anak, dan perilaku prososial menggunakan wawancara yang ditunjukkan kepada anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa regulasi emosi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku prososial anak usia dini dengan p=0,000 (p0,05), artinya regulasi emosi dapat memprediksikan perilaku prososial pada anak usia dini; regulasi emosi memberikan sumbangan efektif sebesar 8,5% terhadap perilaku prososialKata Kunci : regulasi emosi, prososial, anak usia dini
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PERILAKU SOSIAL KEWARGANEGARAAN: UPAYA GURU DALAM MEMUPUK GOTONG ROYONG SEJAK DINI
Authors: Istianti Tuti , Abdillah Fauzi , Hamid Solihin Ichas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract: There are at least two prefix skills that need to be mastered in realizing gotong royong early on, ie friendship and sharing skills. These two altruistic skills need to be strategically grown through the learning model. The Social Behavior Models of Citizenship (PrSKn) that are being developed carry the mission. As an integrated strategy in early childhood learning games, this learning model seeks to strengthen its role as a strategy to nurture and grow altruistic skills in realizing mutual cooperation, so that children have enough skills for the community. This article explains how the teacher's efforts and difficulty in optimizing the learning game through the civic social behavior model. The results show that teachers have difficulty in three things, namely the selection of appropriate games, timing and management of learning in accordance with the PrSKn model. So this article recommends providing references to different types of learning games, comprehensive instructional instruction guides and regular training so that teachers can optimize the game as a child's learning strategy to master friendship and sharing skills.Keywords: Social Citizenship Behavior, Gotong Royong, Early Childhood Education Abstrak: Setidaknya terdapat dua keterampilan awalan yang perlu dikuasai dalam mewujudkan gotong royong sejak dini, yakni keterampilan berteman dan keterampilan berbagi. Dua keterampilan altruistik tersebut perlu ditumbuhkan secara strategis melalui model pembelajaran. Model Perilaku Sosial Kewarganegaraan (PrSKn) yang tengah dikembangkan mengemban misi tersebut. Sebagai strategi yang terintegrasi pada permainan belajar anak usia dini, model pembelajaran ini berupaya menguatkan perannya sebagai strategi untuk memupuk dan menumbuhkan keterampilan altruistik dalam mewujudkan gotong royong, sehingga anak mempunyai bekal keterampilan yang cukup untuk bermasyarakat. Artikel ini menjelaskan bagaimana upaya guru dan kesulitannya dalam mengoptimalkan permainan belajar melalui model perilaku sosial kewarganegaraan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa guru mengalami kesulitan dalam tiga hal, yakni pemilihan permainan yang tepat, pengaturan waktu dan pengelolaan pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan model PrSKn. Maka artikel ini merekomendasikan untuk menyediakan referensi jenis permainan belajar, pedoman pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang komprehensif dan pelatihan yang rutin agar guru dapat mengoptimalkan permainan sebagai strategi belajar anak untuk menguasai keterampilan berteman dan berbagi. Kata Kunci: Perilaku Sosial Kewarganegaraan, Gotong Royong, PAUD
KEEFEKTIFAN METODE INKUIRI BERBANTU MEDIA SMART CARD (KARTU PINTAR) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DITINJAU DARI MOTIVASI SISWA KELAS IV SD NEGERI 1 SAMBIYAN PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK
Authors: Astuti Nuraini Indah 
Published: June 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh metode inkuiri berbantu media smart card (kartu pintar) terhadap hasil belajar tematik. Penelitian yang dilakukan penulis merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen, desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu true experimental design dengan bentuk pretest-posttest control grup design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SDN Bugangan 02 Semarang dan SDN 1 Sambiyan pada kelas IV. Dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa: 1) terdapat pengaruh metode belajar inkuiri terhadap hasil belajar tematik, 2) terdapat pengaruh antara motivasi belajar terhadap hasil belajar tematik.