bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and test of a broadband rectangular waveguide TE10–TE20 mode converter
Authors: Xu Yong , Wang Weijie , Peng Tinghui , Mao Ya , Zheng Zhibin , Liu Zhihang , Luo Yong 
Published: May 2020

A broadband rectangular waveguide TE10–TE20 mode converter with high mode purity and conversion efficiency is designed, fabricated and measured in this Letter. Based on the broadband characteristic of ridged twist waveguide and its characteristic of polarisation direction torsion of electromagnetic wave, this mode converter achieves broadband and high‐efficiency TE10–TE20 mode conversion. Simulation results reveal that the return loss of the proposed mode converter is >20 dB and insertion loss is <0.04 dB in whole Ka‐band. Two prototype TE20 mode converters were fabricated. Back‐to‐back millimeter‐wave measurements by vector network analyser were performed to verify the design. The measured performances show return loss of the proposed mode converter is >20 dB and insertion loss is <0.1 dB in whole Ka‐band, the corresponding mode conversion efficiency is >97.7%.
AgITO for high‐performance semi‐transparent wideband antenna applications
Authors: Eltresy N.A. , Abd Elhamid A.M. , Elsheakh D.N. , Abdallah E.A. , Elhennawy H.M. 
Published: May 2020

Semi‐transparent wide‐band coplanar waveguide slot antennas based on commercial indium tin oxide (CITO) and silver sandwiched indium tin oxide (AgITO) conductor thin films on soda‐lime glass substrate are proposed. RF/DC sputtering was functionalised to deposit the AgITO and obtaining sheet resistance (Rs) below 1 Ω/Sq. coupled with ∼52% transparency. The associated three thin films (AgITO) deposition parameters were optimised using bandgap engineering to obtain a low ohmic interfacial contact resistance. The ultra‐thin AgITO and CITO conductor films impact on the proposed antennas bandwidth and gain is introduced. The two antennas were fabricated and measured. The AgITO presented a maximum gain of 3 dBi against −2.9 dBi for CITO antenna at 5.8 GHz coupled with a nearly stable gain over a wide band of about 4 GHz.
Effect of polyethylene glycol on BaTiO3 nanoparticles prepared by hydrothermal preparation
Authors: Peng Yanfen , Chen Huiling , Shi Feng , Wang Jing 
Published: May 2020

This work investigated the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as an additive on barium titanate (BaTiO3, BT) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesised by a hydrothermal process. The structure, morphology, dispersion and crystallinity of BT NPs were tested by differential scanning calorimetry–thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The results showed that the main phase of BT NPs includes the cubic BT phase with a tiny tetragonal phase. Also, the addition of PEG with different concentrations has a very positive effect on the control of the grain size and grain shape of the samples during the hydrothermal process. When the concentration of PEG is 1 g/l, BT NPs possess the best morphologies and highest dispersibility, and the average size is about 71.86 nm.
Immunthrombozytopenie (ITP) und andere Thrombozytopenien in der Schwangerschaft
Authors: Matzdorff Axel , Sachs Ulrich J. 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungThrombozytopenien in der Schwangerschaft sind häufig. Bei isolierter, leichter Thrombozytopenie (100 000 – 150 000/µl) handelt es sich in der Regel um eine harmlose Gestationsthrombozytopenie. Bei Werten unter dieser Schwelle sollte eine Abklärung erfolgen, um Präeklampsie/HELLP-Syndrom, eine Immunthrombozytopenie (ITP) oder einige weitere seltene Ursachen nicht zu übersehen. In dieser Arbeit werden typische Symptome, Differenzialdiagnostik und therapeutisches Vorgehen für die tägliche Praxis dargestellt.
Inherited Autoinflammatory Disease with Immunodeficiency Combined with IgA Nephropathy
Authors: Jiang Zhifeng , Feng Aiqiao , Tao L I 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe etiology of unexplained periodic fever is often complex, and hereditary factors play an important role. This article describes a 26-year-old chinese women with intermittent fever for 9 years, with 10-year history of IgA nephropathy. Her fever is relieved during pregnancy, but after a baby is born, fever reappears, accompanied by headache, gasping after activity, chest pain, abdominal pain, blood in the stool, ataxia, intermittent back erythema, skin biopsy suggests amyloidosis, the autoinflammatory PLCG2 associated antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation was diagnosed by genetic testing. The fever was gradually relieved after treatment with rilonacept.
Comparison of Oxidant and Antioxidant Parameters in Patients with Sjögren’s Syndrome and Healthy Subjects
Authors: Dogan İsmail , Erten Sukran , Sahin Ali , Isıkoglu Semra , Neselioglu Salim , Ergin Merve , Erel Ozcan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective Oxidative stress may have an effect on the pathogenesis of diseases, including autoimmune rheumatic diseases. We aimed to investigate the serum paraoxonase activity and other oxidant/antioxidant parameters in patients with Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) and healthy controls.
Methods 85 patients with SS and 65 healthy subjects were included in the study. Groups were age and gender-matched and had no liver disease. Serum paraoxonase (PON)-1 activity, stimulated paraoxonase (SPON), PON-1 phenotypes that represent polymorphism (Q192R; QQ, QR, RR), arylesterase (ARE), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative stress index (OSI), advanced oxidative protein products (AOPP), total thioles (TTL) and ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) were measured in all study participants.
Results Statistically significant differences were found in the QQ and QR+RR phenotype of PON-1 for TAC, TOS and TTL (p<0.001) between SS and healthy groups. The other parameters were statistically insignificant.
Conclusion Antioxidant parameters were lower in SS patients compared with healthy controls. Conversely, oxidant parameters were higher. This imbalance may play a role in SS pathogenesis.
Gastroscopic surveillance with targeted biopsies compared with random biopsies in CDH1 mutation carriers
Authors: van Dieren Jolanda M. , Kodach Liudmila L. , den Hartog Peggy , van der Kolk Lizet E. , Sikorska Karolina , van Velthuysen Marie-Louise F. , van Sandick Johanna W. , Koemans Willem J. , Snaebjornsson Petur , Cats Annemieke 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The International Gastric Cancer Linkage Consortium (IGCLC) consensus guideline advises prophylactic gastrectomy in early adulthood to prevent gastric cancer development in CDH1 germline mutation carriers; psychosocial reasons may postpone gastrectomy. We analyzed the yield of signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) during surveillance gastroscopy in CDH1 mutation carriers.
Methods A retrospective analysis on surveillance gastroscopies in CDH1 mutation carriers was performed. The yield of SRCC in both targeted and random biopsies was studied. Endoscopic (biopsy) results were compared with the histopathologic outcomes in gastrectomy specimens.
Results 42 CDH1 mutation carriers (18 men; mean age 43, range 20–82 years) underwent 96 surveillance gastroscopies. SRCC lesions were identified on surveillance gastroscopy in 21 patients (50 %), by either targeted biopsies only (n = 11), random biopsies only (n = 3), or both random and targeted biopsies (n = 7). SRCC was detected in 41 /377 targeted biopsies (11 %), whereas random biopsies revealed SRCC in 14/1563 biopsies (0.9 %). At least one SRCC lesion was found in 26 of 30 gastrectomy specimens. In 18 of these 26 specimens (69 %), SRCC had been identified by endoscopic biopsies. Missed lesions were all small superficial SRCC foci, mainly in the body of the stomach.
Conclusion In our cohort of CDH1 mutation carriers, SRCC lesions were identified by an extensive endoscopic surveillance protocol in 69 % of SRCC-positive patients who underwent a gastric resection. The low number of SRCC detected through random sampling demands a critical reappraisal of random biopsy sampling in the IGCLC guideline.
Experience with a modified technique of free Gracilis transfer
Authors: Gautam Biswas , Puneet Tuli , Kavita Kalitha 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTVarious techniques of harvesting the free Gracilis flaphave been described. The authors describe their experiencein the use of a ′limited′ incision in harvesting this flap, as compared to the long medial incision,for both a segmental as well as total flap harvest. Whole orpartial Gracilis harvest could be done using small incisions avoiding long scars using the conventional approach. Twenty-one free Gracilis muscle transfers were performed. In12, a short proximal curved incision was used to dissect asegment of the muscle with its pedicle and with an added small incision near the knee, the whole muscle could be dissected and delivered. The described technique of tracing the vascular pedicle by retracting both the borders of the adductor longus, was followed. This gave a better and easier access to the whole length of the pedicle, vis-à-vis the classic approach of dissecting the pedicle below the adductor longus, which was performed in nine cases.
An island flap based on the anterior branch of the superficial temporal artery for perioral defects
Authors: Ganji Raveendra Reddy , Bhattacharya V. , Sheikh Adil Bashir , Sunish Goyal 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTDefects following excision of lesions in and around theoral commissure extending on either lip are not infrequent. A majority of them are malignant. Various local flaps have been described to correct these defects, but sometimes they may not be feasible. However, the advantage of single-stage reconstruction can still be achieved by using an island forehead flap based on the anterior branch of the superficial temporal artery. This is a versatile flap with a reliable blood supply. It is relatively less popular as it involves time-consuming dissection.Aims: We have modified the island forehead flap based on the anterior branch of the superficial temporal artery by designing the flap on the frontoparietal region based on the terminal course of the anterior branch of the superficial temporal artery. Materials and Methods: This flap was used in five cases of perioral defects involving both the upper and lower lips including the angle of the mouth. Conclusions: Small to moderate dimension full thickness perioral defects can thus be reconstructed effectively with this modified flap in a single stage. The functional and aesthetic results are gratifying with minimal donor site morbidity.
Four cases of variations in the forearm extensor musculature in a study of hundred limbs and review of literature
Authors: Rao Mohandas K.G. , Venkata Ramana Vollala , Seetharama Bhat M. , Sreenivas Bolla , Vijay Paul  Samuel , Narendra Pamidi 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTAll surgeons must bear in mind the existence of muscular variations when performing common tendon transfers. Presence of additional bellies and tendons of existing muscles or presence of additional muscles in unusual locations might misguide a surgeon, during surgery and also during diagnosis. In the present paper we are reporting four cases of variations encountered during the study of extensor muscles of the forearm in 100 limbs. In Case 1, additional bellies of extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis and multiple tendons of insertion of abductor pollicis longus were observed in a single limb. In Case 2, an additional belly of the abductor pollicis longus was observed. In Case 3, a short muscle on the dorsum of the hand going to the index finger [extensor indicis brevis (EIB)] was found in addition to the normal extensor indicis (EI). It was also observed that some of the most superficial fleshy fibers of EIB were getting inserted into the tendon of EI. In Case 4, a rare incidence of extensor digiti medii proprius was observed. Further, the related literature is reviewed and the clinical and surgical importance of these muscular variations in diagnosis and proper planning of treatment is discussed.
Does giant breast tumour have an increased complication risk for subcutaneous mastectomy and reconstruction?
Authors: Yusuf Kenan Coban , Nazim Gumus 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTProsthetic breast reconstruction after subcutaneous mastectomy has some complications such as skin necrosis, loss of areola-nipple, haematoma, seroma, infection, displacement of implants, areola nipple disposition and inadequate skin construction resulting in skin wrinkles. We discuss whether giant breast tumour has an increased complication risk after the surgery, in this paper which reports a patient with giant breast tumour i.e., a large recurrent fibroadenoma in the same breast. Subcutaneous mastectomy was performed without skin reduction through submammary incision. Total muscular coverage was provided for immediate reconstruction using 350 cc gel- filled breast implant. Though haematoma or seroma didn′t exist, superficial skin necrosis developed subsequently. Spontaneous epithelisation was observed all of the necrosis area to cover this area in a few weeks. Initially, skin coverage and areola nipple position on the breast was acceptable, but 8 months after the operation, skin reconstruction was not good enough to provide good skin envelope. Just as as skin lack or insufficiency is a severe problem in breast reconstruction, excess skin may be another trouble for providing an acceptable breast shape.
Recommendations for Designing, Conducting and Reporting Observational Studies in Homeopathy
Authors: Teut Michael , Walach Harald , Varanasi Roja , Manchanda Raj K. , Oberai Praveen , Thompson Elizabeth , Ulbrich-Zürni Susanne 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Randomized placebo-controlled trials are considered to be the gold standard in clinical research and have the highest importance in the hierarchical system of evidence-based medicine. However, from the viewpoint of decision makers, due to lower external validity, practical results of efficacy research are often not in line with the huge investments made over decades.
Method We conducted a narrative review. With a special focus on homeopathy, we give an overview on cohort, comparative cohort, case-control and cross-sectional study designs and explain guidelines and tools that help to improve the quality of observational studies, such as the STROBE Statement, RECORD, GRACE and ENCePP Guide.
Results Within the conventional medical research field, two types of arguments have been employed in favor of observational studies. First, observational studies allow for a more generalizable and robust estimation of effects in clinical practice, and if cohorts are large enough, there is no over-estimation of effect sizes, as is often feared. We argue that observational research is needed to balance the current over-emphasis on internal validity at the expense of external validity. Thus, observational research can be considered an important research tool to describe “real-world” care settings and can assist with the design and inform the results of randomised controlled trails.
Conclusions We present recommendations for designing, conducting and reporting observational studies in homeopathy and provide recommendations to complement the STROBE Statement for homeopathic observational studies.
Endovascular Treatment of Epistaxis
Authors: Wojak Joan C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractEpistaxis is not uncommon, with up to 60% of the population suffering from at least one episode in their lifetime and as many as 6% presenting for medical attention. An analysis of emergency room (ER) visits in the United States between 2009 and 2011 identified 1.2 million encounters for epistaxis, accounting for 0.32% of ER visits. Approximately 6% of patients will require more aggressive, invasive management in the form of transnasal ligation of the sphenopalatine artery or endovascular embolization. This article reviews the epidemiology, rationale for endovascular treatment, strategy for treatment, endovascular technique, postprocedural follow-up, and complications and their management.
Can Homeopathy, a Particularly Mild Therapeutic Approach, Survive and Grow in a World of Violence?
Authors: Vithoulkas George 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis short treatise addresses a philosophical question concerning the place of homeopathy in our modern world. The question raised is whether a therapeutic system as peaceful, mild, and non-violent as homeopathy can survive and grow within a society that often displays the opposite characteristics.Much of contemporary society is more interested in fast and impressive cures, even if these may also bring side effects; whereas homeopathy can offer solutions with a personalized approach that requires long hours of case study by the homeopath to find the correct personal remedy that aims to bring about positive results, which the therapy can produce in deep chronic diseases.The conclusion drawn is that homeopathy does not readily fit within a modern and violent society that prefers quick and invasive solutions to its clinical problems.
AGE-RAGE Axis in the Pathophysiology of Chronic Lower Limb Ischemia and a Novel Strategy for Its Treatment
Authors: Prasad Kailash , Bhanumathy Kalpana K. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis review focuses on the role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and its cell receptor (RAGE) and soluble receptor (sRAGE) in the pathogenesis of chronic lower limb ischemia (CLLI) and its treatment. CLLI is associated with atherosclerosis in lower limb arteries. AGE-RAGE axis which comprises of AGE, RAGE, and sRAGE has been implicated in atherosclerosis and restenosis. It may be involved in atherosclerosis of lower limb resulting in CLLI. Serum and tissue levels of AGE, and expression of RAGE are elevated, and the serum levels of sRAGE are decreased in CLLI. It is known that AGE, and AGE-RAGE interaction increase the generation of various atherogenic factors including reactive oxygen species, nuclear factor-kappa B, cell adhesion molecules, cytokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, and growth factors. sRAGE acts as antiatherogenic factor because it reduces the generation of AGE-RAGE-induced atherogenic factors. Treatment of CLLI should be targeted at lowering AGE levels through reduction of dietary intake of AGE, prevention of AGE formation and degradation of AGE, suppression of RAGE expression, blockade of AGE-RAGE binding, elevation of sRAGE by upregulating sRAGE expression, and exogenous administration of sRAGE, and use of antioxidants. In conclusion, AGE-RAGE stress defined as a shift in the balance between stressors (AGE, RAGE) and antistressor (sRAGE) in favor of stressors, initiates the development of atherosclerosis resulting in CLLI. Treatment modalities would include reduction of AGE levels and RAGE expression, RAGE blocker, elevation of sRAGE, and antioxidants for prevention, regression, and slowing of progression of CLLI.
Analytic solutions of convolution equations on convex sets in the complex plane with an open obstacle on the boundary
Authors: Melikhov S. N. , Khanina L. V. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Conditions, including criteria, are established for the existence of a continuous linear right inverse to a surjective convolution operator in the space of germs of analytic functions on a convex subset of the complex plane which has a countable neighbourhood basis consisting of convex domains. These are stated in terms of the existence of special families of subharmonic functions and the boundary behaviour of convex conformal mappings related to the sets in question.
Bibliography: 50 titles.
Encodings of trajectories and invariant measures
Authors: Osipenko G. S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We consider a discrete dynamical system on a compact manifold

generated by a homeomorphism

. Let

be a finite covering of

by closed cells. The symbolic image of a dynamical system is a directed graph

with vertices corresponding to cells in which vertices

and

are joined by an arc

if the image

intersects

. We show that the set of paths of the symbolic image converges to the set of trajectories of the system in the Tychonoff topology as the diameter of the covering tends to zero. For a cycle on

going through different vertices, a simple flow is by definition a uniform distribution on arcs of this cycle. We show that simple flows converge to ergodic measures in the weak topology as the diameter of the covering tends to zero.
Bibliography: 28 titles.
Cocompact lattices in locally pro-

-complete rank-2 Kac-Moody groups
Authors: Capdeboscq I. , Hristova K. , Rumynin D. A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We initiate an investigation of lattices in a new class of locally compact groups: so-called locally pro-

-complete Kac-Moody groups. We discover that in rank 2 their cocompact lattices are particularly well- behaved: under mild assumptions, a cocompact lattice in this completion contains no elements of order

. This statement is still an open question for the Caprace-Rémy-Ronan completion. Using this, modulo results of Capdeboscq and Thomas, we classify edge-transitive cocompact lattices and describe a cocompact lattice of minimal covolume.
Bibliography: 22 titles.
Approximative properties of sets and continuous selections
Authors: Tsar’kov I. G. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Sets admitting a continuous selection of the operators of best and near-best approximation are studied. Michael’s classical continuous selection theorem is extended to the case of a lower semicontinuous metric projection in finite-dimensional spaces (with no a priori convexity conditions on its values). Sufficient conditions on the metric projection implying the solarity of the corresponding set are put forward in finite-dimensional polyhedral spaces. Available results for suns

are employed to establish the existence of continuous selections of the relative (with respect to

) Chebyshev near-centre map and of the sets of relative (with respect to

) near-Chebyshev points in certain classical spaces.
Bibliography: 30 titles.
First-order zero-one law for the uniform model of the random graph
Authors: Zhukovskii M. E. , Sveshnikov N. M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The paper considers the Erdős-Rényi random graph in the uniform model

, where

is a sequence of nonnegative integers such that

for some

,

, and

. It is shown that

obeys the zero-one law for the first-order language if and only if either

, or

is irrational, or

and

is not a number of the form

,

.
Bibliography: 15 titles.
Topological classification of Hamiltonian systems on two-dimensional noncompact manifolds
Authors: Nikolaenko S. S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We construct a complete topological invariant of foliations of finite type defined by smooth functions on two-dimensional noncompact orientable manifolds. In particular, we describe a complete topological classification of noncompact bifurcations of such foliations. We establish a natural one-to-one correspondence between the set of all such bifurcations and the set of oriented coloured graphs of a special form. As a consequence, we obtain the Liouville and trajectory classifications of Hamiltonian systems of finite type on noncompact two-dimensional manifolds.
Bibliography: 25 titles.
Hepsin enhances liver metabolism and inhibits adipocyte browning in mice
Authors: Li Shuo , Peng Jianhao , Wang Hao , Zhang Wei , Brown J. Mark , Zhou Yiqing , Wu Qingyu 
Published: May 2020

Significance
Hepsin is a cell membrane-bound enzyme discovered in the human liver. To date, the function of hepsin in the body remains unclear. Here we show that hepsin increases glycogen and lipid production in the liver and lowers metabolic rates and adipose tissue browning in mice. This function is medicated by the activation of hepatocyte growth factor and downstream Met signaling in both hepatocytes and adipocytes. Hepsin-deficient mice are resistant to obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia caused by a high-fat diet or leptin receptor deficiency. Our findings identify hepsin as a key regulator in the liver and energy metabolism, suggesting that hepsin may be a novel therapeutic target for obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes.