bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construction and Validation of Risk-adjusted Rates of Emergency Department Visits for Long-stay Nursing Home Residents
Authors: Xu Huiwen , Bowblis John R. , Li Yue , Caprio Thomas V. , Intrator Orna 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Long-stay nursing home (NH) residents are at high risk of having emergency department (ED) visits, but current knowledge regarding risk-adjusted ED rates is limited.

Objectives:
To construct and validate 3 quarterly risk-adjusted rates of long-stay residents’ ED use: any ED visit, ED visits without hospitalization or observation stay (outpatient ED), and potentially avoidable ED visits (PAED).

Research Design:
The authors calculated quarterly NH risk-adjusted ED rates from 2011 Q2 to 2013 Q3 national Medicare claims and Minimum Data Set data. Using random-effect linear regressions, the authors validated these rates against Nursing Home Compare overall 5-star quality ratings and examined their associations with hospitalization rates to provide a quality context.

Subjects:
Resident-quarter observations (7.3 million) from 15,235 unique NHs.

Results:
Risk-adjusted rates of any ED, outpatient ED, and PAED averaged 9.7%, 3.4%, and 3.2%, respectively. Compared with NHs with 1 or 2 stars overall rating, NHs with ≥3 stars were significantly associated with lower rates of any ED visit, outpatient ED, and PAED (β, −0.23%, −0.16%, and −0.11%, respectively; all P<0.01). Pearson Correlation coefficients between hospitalization rates and rates of any ED visit, outpatient ED, and PAED were 0.74, 0.31, and 0.46, respectively.

Conclusions:
The moderately negative associations of 5-star ratings with ED rates provide supportive evidence to their validity. Outpatient ED and PAED were moderately correlated to hospitalizations suggesting they provided more information about quality than any ED.
Clinical Value of Serum Interleukin‐33 Biomarker in Infants With Neonatal Cholestasis
Authors: Behairy Ola G. , Elsadek Akram E. , Behiry Eman G. , Elhenawy Ibrahim A. , Shalan Naglaa H. , Sayied Kamal R. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives:The present study aimed to estimate the value of serum interleukin‐33 (IL‐33) levels in infants with cholestasis, correlate serum IL‐33 levels with the clinicopathological profile of infants with cholestasis, and compare its level with that of healthy infants who served as control.Methods:Sixty infants with cholestasis were enrolled in the present study and divided into biliary atresia (BA) group and non‐BA group, in addition to 30 healthy infants as a control group. All infants were analyzed for their clinical and biochemical features, histopathological profile, and serum level of IL‐33 by enzyme‐linked immune sorbent assay.Results:Serum level of IL‐33 in BA group (median 48.0, interquartile range: 28.9–106.2) was significantly higher than that of the non‐BA group (median 17.3, interquartile range: 13.7–18.8 pg/mL) and both were higher than that of the control group. There was a positive correlation between serum IL‐33 and aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, bilirubin (total and direct) levels, and fibrosis stage among the BA group. Serum IL‐33 at a cut‐off value of 20.8 pg/mL can detect BA with a specificity of 95% and a sensitivity of 96.7%.Conclusion:The significantly higher production of IL‐33 in patients with BA compared to non‐BA suggests a potential role of IL‐33 for initiation and progression of the disease process, also, IL‐33 may have a diagnostic role in infants with BA.
Ultrasound Imaging and Rehabilitation of Muscle Disorders
Authors: Kara Murat , Ata Ayşe Merve , Kaymak Bayram , Özçakar Levent 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Because of its several advantages, ultrasound imaging has started to take place in the diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms of a wide range of musculoskeletal disorders. After the first part on traumatic conditions, in this review, the authors aim to discuss the applicability of ultrasound imaging for nontraumatic muscle disorders in the daily clinical/academic practice. While trying to summarize the whole spectrum (e.g., myofascial pain syndrome, inflammatory diseases, neuromuscular disorders), special emphasis will be given to sarcopenia, which is, by far, the most challenging clinical condition in the era of “aging world.” Of note, rehabilitation with regard to the exemplified problems will also be briefed throughout.
Effectiveness of Hydrotherapy on Balance and Paretic Knee Strength in Patients With Stroke
Authors: Chae Choong Sik , Jun Ji Hyun , Im Sun , Jang Yongjun , Park Geun-Young 
Published: November 2019

Objective
The aim of the study was to compare the effects of hydrotherapy and land-based conventional therapy on postural balance and knee strength in stroke patients.

Designs
A comprehensive search was done via databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science) until April 12, 2019, to select randomized controlled trials. The methodological quality was assessed by the PEDro scale. Berg Balance Scale was pooled as the primary outcome and Forward Reach Test, Timed Up and Go test, and paretic knee flexor and knee extensor torque as secondary outcomes.

Results
Eleven articles were included. Pooled results showed that hydrotherapy was more beneficial in stroke patients on Berg Balance Scale (mean difference = 1.60, 95% confidence interval = 1.00 to 2.19), Forward Reach Test (mean difference = 1.78, 95% confidence interval = 0.73 to 2.83), Timed Up and Go test (mean difference = −1.41, 95% confidence interval: −2.44 to 0.42), and knee extensor torque (mean difference = 6.14, 95% confidence interval = 0.59 to 11.70) than conventional therapy. In subgroup analysis according to stroke-onset duration, hydrotherapy for chronic stroke patients exhibited significant effectiveness on Berg Balance Scale (mean difference = 1.61, 95% confidence interval = 1.00–.21); no significant effect was observed in subacute stroke patients (mean difference = 1.04, 95% confidence interval = −2.62 to 4.70).

Conclusion
Stroke patients showed improvement in postural balance and paretic knee extensor strength with hydrotherapy. Hydrotherapy exhibited significant effects on improving postural balance in chronic patients than in subacute patients.
Real-World Evidence for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia in the Era of Targeted Therapies
Authors: Islam Prioty , Mato Anthony R. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The landscape of chronic lymphocytic leukemia has transformed in the era of small molecule inhibitor targeted therapies. While randomized controlled trials remain the criterion standard in evaluating new therapies, they are often unable to keep pace with the clinical questions that arise during the use of novel agents. Real-world evidence is generated through analysis of data such as electronic medical records, payer claims, and patient registry databases and can provide invaluable information to supplement randomized controlled trials, such as outcomes in patient populations excluded from clinical trials, rates of discontinuation or dose reductions in clinical practice, survival outcomes, and optimal sequencing of novel agents. This review aims to discuss major findings from recent, relevant, real-world evidence publications that have greatly informed our understanding of chronic lymphocytic leukemia as it is treated in clinical practice.
Kaposi sarcoma in people living with HIV: incidence and associated factors in a French cohort between 2010 and 2015
Authors: Poizot-Martin Isabelle , Lions Caroline , Cheret Antoine , Rey David , Duvivier Claudine , Jacomet Christine , Allavena Clotilde , Huleux Thomas , Bani-Sadr Firouze , Obry-Roguet Véronique , Makinson Alain 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
Kaposi sarcoma is still observed among people living with HIV (PLHIV) including those on ART with undetectable HIV viral load (HIV-VL). We aimed to assess Kaposi sarcoma incidence and trends between 2010 and 2015 in France and to highlight associated factors.

Design:
Retrospective study using longitudinal data from the Dat’AIDS cohort including 44 642 PLWH. For the incidence assessment, Kaposi sarcoma cases occurring within 30 days of cohort enrollment were excluded.

Methods:
Demographic, immunological, and therapeutic characteristics collected at time of Kaposi sarcoma diagnosis or at last visit for patients without Kaposi sarcoma.

Results:
Among 180 216.4 person-years, Kaposi sarcoma incidence was 76 (95% CI 64.3–89.9)/105 person-years. Multivariate analysis (Poisson regression) revealed the positive association with male sex, MSM transmission route, lower CD4+ T-cell count, higher CD8+ T-cell count, not to be on ART, whereas HIV follow-up time, duration with an HIV-VL 50 copies/ml or less were negatively associated with Kaposi sarcoma. According to the different models tested, HIV-VL, CD4+ : CD8+ ratio and nadir CD4+ cell count were associated with Kaposi sarcoma. Moreover, stratified analysis showed that patients with a CD4+ : CD8+ ratio 0.5 or less or a CD8+ T-cell count greater than 1000 cells/μl were at higher risk of Kaposi sarcoma regardless of the CD4+ T-cell count.

Conclusion:
This study showed that in a resource-rich country setting with high ART coverage, Kaposi sarcoma still occurred among PLWH. CD8+ hyperlymphocytosis and CD4+ : CD8+ ratio should be now considered as two useful markers to better identify patients at increased Kaposi sarcoma risk, including those with a CD4+ T-cell count greater than 500 cells/μl.
Clinical Course of Extracranial Arteriovenous Malformations
Authors: Zou Yun , Qiao Congzhen , Lin Xiaoxi , Jin Yunbo , Hua Chen , Yang Xi , Chen Hui , Ma Gang 
Published: November 2019

Purpose:
Despite many advances in the knowledge of vascular malformations, extracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) remain an enigma and are usually misdiagnosed and mismanaged due to their associated rare morbidity. This study aimed to describe the clinical course and emphasize the progressive nature of AVMs through a retrospective study of 446 patients.

Methods:
Patients with cutaneous and soft-tissue AVMs presenting to our Vascular Anomalies Center between March 2011 and March 2017 were reviewed. Medical records were examined for disease course, age at first presentation at our institution, distributions and locations of lesions, clinical staging, progression, and previous treatments. Progression was defined as advancement to a higher Schobinger stage from a lower stage.

Results:
A total of 446 patients (mean age, 25.6 ± 14.0 years) were enrolled in this study, including 232 (52.0%) males (gender ratio, 1.08:1). Arteriovenous malformations lesions in 76.7% (342/446) of the patients were located in the head and neck. Children with Stage I AVMs had a 41.9% risk of progression before adolescence and an 80.0% risk of progression before adulthood. Nearly all patients (96.2%) showed progression in adulthood. Diffuse lesions were more likely to progress than localized lesions (P < 0.05) in childhood and adolescence. Lesions in the head and neck regions were less likely to progress than those in other regions in childhood (P = 0.005). A total of 216 (48.4%) patients had undergone previous treatments. Among these patients, bleomycin showed an unintentional positive effect in the treatment of AVMs.

Conclusions:
Extracranial AVMs have a continuously progressive nature. A full understanding regarding the progressive course of AVMs can lead patients and physicians to attach importance to early diagnosis and management. Meanwhile exploring innovative treatments should be focused in the future to prevent potential destructive progression.
Dynamic Autoregulation is Impaired in Circulatory Shock
Authors: Caldas Juliana R. , Passos Rogério H. , Ramos João Gabriel R. , Ramalho Clara , Sancho Letícia S. , Salinet Angela M. , Farias Suzete , Gobatto André , Bombonato Giacomo , Benigno Paulo , Taccone Fabio S. , Panerai Ronney B. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT

Background:
Circulatory shock is a life-threatening disorder that is associated with high mortality, with a state of systemic and tissue hypoperfusion that can lead to organ failure, including the brain, where altered mental state is often observed. We hypothesized that cerebral autoregulation (CA) is impaired in patients with circulatory shock.

Methods:
Adult patients with circulatory shock and healthy controls were included. Cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV, transcranial Doppler ultrasound) and arterial blood pressure (BP, Finometer or intra-arterial line) were continuously recorded during 5 min in both groups. Autoregulation Index (ARI) was estimated from the CBFV response to a step change in BP, derived by transfer function analysis; ARI ≤ 4 was considered impaired CA. The relationship between organ dysfunction, assessed with the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and the ARI, was assessed with linear regression.

Results:
Twenty-five shock patients and 28 age-matched healthy volunteers were studied. The mean ± SD SOFA score was 10.8 ± 4.3. Shock patients compared with control subjects had lower ARI values (4.0 ± 2.1 vs. 5.9 ± 1.5, P = 0.001). Impaired CA was more common in shock patients (44.4% vs. 7.1%, P = 0.003). There was a significant inverse relationship between the ARI and the SOFA score (R = −0.63, P = 0.0008).

Conclusions:
These results suggest that circulatory shock is often associated with impaired CA and that the severity of CA alterations is correlated with the degree of multiple organ failure, reinforcing the need to monitor cerebral hemodynamics in patients with circulatory shock.
Single rod-shaped cell fluctuations from stochastic surface/volume growth rates
Authors: Romano Orso Maria , Cosentino-Lagomarsino Marco 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGrowing rod-shaped bacterial cells need to modulate the production rates of different surface and bulk components. Population data show that the balance between these rates is central for cell physiology, and affects cell shape, but we still know little about these processes in single cells. We study a minimal stochastic model where single cells grow by two fluctuating volume-specific surface and volume growth rates, solving for the steady-state distributions and the correlation functions of the main geometric features. Our predictions allow us to address the detectability of different scenarios for the intrinsic coupling between the allocation of resources to surface and bulk growth.
Comprehensive Analysis of HEXB Protein Reveal Forty Two Novel nsSNPs That May Lead to Sandhoff disease (SD) Using Bioinformatics
Authors: Abdelhameed Tebyan A. , Gasmelseed Mosab M. , Mustafa Mujahed I. , Abdelrahman Dina N. , Abdelrhman Fatima A. , Hassan Mohamed A. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundSingle Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HEXB gene are associated with a neurodegenerative disorder called Sandhoff disease (SD) (GM2 gangliosidosis-O variant). This study aimed to predict the possible pathogenic SNPs of this gene and their impact on the protein using different bioinformatics tools.MethodsSNPs retrieved from the NCBI database were analyzed using several bioinformatics tools. The different algorithms collectively predicted the effect of single nucleotide substitution on both structure and function of beta subunit beta subunit of both hexosaminidase A and hexosaminidase B proteins.ResultsForty nine mutations were found to be extremely damaging to the structure and function of the HEXB gene protein.ConclusionAccording to this study, forty two novel nsSNP in HEXB are predicted to have possible role in Sandhoff disease using different bioinformatics tools, beside two SNPs found to have effect on miRNAs binding site affecting expression of HEXB gene. Our findings may assist in genetic study and diagnosis of Sandhoff disease.
NIR-II fluorescence microscopic imaging of cortical vasculature in non-human primates
Authors: Cai Zhaochong , Zhu Liang , Wang Mengqi , Roe Anna Wang , Xi Wang , Qian Jun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractVasculature architecture in the brain can provide revealing information about mental and neurological function and disease. Fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) regime with less light scattering is a more promising method for detecting cortical vessels than traditional visible and NIR-I modes. Here, for the first time, we developed, NIR-II fluorescence microscopy capabilities for imaging brain vasculature in macaque monkey. The first is a wide-field microscope with high temporal resolution (25 frames/second) for measuring blood flow velocity and cardiac impulse period, and the second is a high spatial resolution (<10 μm) confocal microscope producing three-dimensional maps of the cortical microvascular network (∼500 μm deep). Both were designed with flexibility to image various cortical locations on the head. Use of a clinically approved dye provided high brightness in NIR-II region. This comprises an important advance towards studies of neurovascular coupling, stroke, and other diseases relevant to neurovascular health in humans.
DNA clamp function of the mono-ubiquitinated Fanconi Anemia FANCI-FANCD2 complex
Authors: Wang Renjing , Wang Shengliu , Dhar Ankita , Peralta Christopher , Pavletich Nikola P. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThe FANCI-FANCD2 (ID) complex, mutated in the Fanconi Anemia (FA) cancer predisposition syndrome, is required for the repair of replication forks stalled at DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICL) and related lesions1. The FA pathway is activated when two replication forks converge onto an ICL2, triggering the mono-ubiquitination of the ID complex. ID mono-ubiquitination is essential for ICL repair by excision, translesion synthesis and homologous recombination, but its function was hitherto unknown1,3. Here, the 3.48 Å cryo-EM structure of mono-ubiquitinated ID (IDUb) bound to DNA reveals that it forms a closed ring that encircles the DNA. Compared to the cryo-EM structure of the non-ubiquitinated ID complex bound to ICL DNA, described here as well, mono-ubiquitination triggers a complete re-arrangement of the open, trough-like ID structure through the ubiquitin of one protomer binding to the other protomer in a reciprocal fashion. The structures, in conjunction with biochemical data, indicate the mono-ubiquitinated ID complex looses its preference for ICL and related branched DNA structures, becoming a sliding DNA clamp that can coordinate the subsequent repair reactions. Our findings also reveal how mono-ubiquitination in general can induce an alternate structure with a new function.
Differences in in vitro responses of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal hormonal axis between low and high egg producing turkey hens
Authors: Brady Kristen , Long Julie A. , Liu Hsiao-Ching , Porter Tom E. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTLow egg producing hens (LEPH) ovulate less frequently than high egg producing hens (HEPH) and exhibit differences in mRNA levels for components of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, suggesting differential responsiveness to trophic stimulation. Ovulation frequency is governed by the production and feedback of pituitary gonadotropins and ovarian follicle steroid hormones, which are regulated by HPG axis stimulation and inhibition at the hypothalamic level. Pituitary and follicle cells from LEPH and HEPH were subjected to in vitro hormonal treatments to stimulate or inhibit the HPG axis, followed by expression analysis of mRNA levels for HPG axis genes and radioimmunoassays for steroid hormone production. Statistical analysis was performed using the mixed models procedure of SAS. Pituitary cells from HEPH showed up-regulation of genes associated with ovulation stimulation, whereas LEPH cells showed up-regulation of genes associated with inhibition of ovulation. HEPH follicle cells displayed a higher sensitivity and responsiveness to gonadotropin treatment. Level of egg production impacted ovulation-related gene expression in pituitary cells as well as steroid hormone production in follicle cells, with HEPH displaying a greater positive response to stimulation. These findings indicate that differences in egg production among turkey hens likely involve differential responsiveness of the cells within the HPG axis.
Professionalizing the assurance of sustainability reports: the auditors’ perspective
Authors: Boiral Olivier , Heras-Saizarbitoria Iñaki , Brotherton Marie-Christine 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the professionalism and professionalization of sustainability assurance providers based on the experiences and perceptions of auditors involved in this activity.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical study was based on 38 semi-directed interviews conducted with assurance providers from accounting and consulting firms.FindingsThe findings highlight the division of this professional activity between accounting and consulting firms, each of which question the professionalism of the other. The main standards in this area tend to be used as legitimizing tools to enhance the credibility of the assurance process rather than effective guidelines to improve the quality of the verification process. Finally, the complex and multifaceted skills required to conduct sound sustainability assurance and the virtual absence of recognized and substantial training programs in this area undermine the professionalization of assurance providers.Research limitations/implicationsThis work has important practical implications for standardization bodies, assurance providers and stakeholders concerned by the quality and the reliability of sustainability disclosure.Originality/valueThis study shows how practitioners in this area construct and legitimize their professional activity in terms of identity, standardization and competences. The work contributes to the literatures on the assurance of sustainability reports, self-regulation through standardization and professionalization.
Broad-minded planning and narrow-minded action
Authors: Kim Juyoung , Shin Hong Im , Lee Hyung Tak 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
Existing studies of shopping momentum effect show that an initial purchase causes the consumer to switch from a deliberative mindset to an implemental mindset, thereby leading to buy subsequent items based on Gollwitzer’s Rubicon model. Since purchase activity goes through the actional phase which has not been studied yet, the purpose of this paper is to explore the characteristics of the actional mindset compared with those of the planning and deliberative mindsets.

Design/methodology/approach
This study conducts three experiments to examine whether the implemental mindset can be differentiated from the actional mindset via recalls and perceptual processing measures.

Findings
The findings provide evidences that the actional mindset is different from the implemental mindset, and the planning phase is associated more with broad-mindedness, whereas the actional phase is with narrow-mindedness.

Research limitations/implications
Manipulation of the actional mindset can be extended to real purchases in physical shopping spaces, and various choice objects could be tested with a larger number of participants.

Practical implications
To boost the shopping momentum effect, marketers should put customers into an actional mindset by leading them to show their decisions such as carrying a shopping bag and uploading their purchased items. To avoid overbuying, customers should stay in planning mindsets without verbalizing their decisions. Putting goods into virtual shopping baskets in online shopping could be a good way to avoid overbuying.

Originality/value
The paper empirically explores the characteristics of actional mindset in terms of cognitive and perceptual processing and suggest meaningful implication in online shopping situation.