bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Contribution of the Rat Mesenteric Vascular Bed Model to
Phytopharmacology with Computational Studies of the Main Vasorelaxant
Phytochemicals
Authors: Zahi Amal , Kadi Mounime , Driouech Mounia , Ziyyat Abderrahim , Mekhfi Hassane , Bnouham Mohamed , Legssyer Abdelkhaleq 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is often managed
with antihypertensive drugs. Medicinal plants are commonly used to control hypertension, and
many studies assess their antihypertensive effects using the rat mesenteric vascular bed model.

Objective:
This paper aims to highlight the value of the rat mesenteric vascular bed as a pharmacological
model for evaluating the vascular effects of medicinal plants with traditional antihypertensive
properties.

Method:
We reviewed 55 articles published between 1980 and 2022, using Scopus, PubMed, Web
of Science, and Google Scholar databases, focusing on medicinal plants studied in the rat mesenteric
vascular bed. Furthermore, we conducted a computational evaluation of the main vasorelaxant phytochemicals
derived from these plants.

Results:
We identified 63 species from 36 plant families evaluated in the mesenteric artery. Most of
these plants showed varying degrees of vasorelaxation due to vasorelaxant phytochemicals. The
mechanisms of vasorelaxation include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, L-type voltagegated
calcium channel blockade, and activation of muscarinic (M3), and adrenergic (β2) receptors.
These experimental findings were supported by computational studies, which confirmed the potent
antihypertensive effect.

Conclusion:
The rat mesenteric artery remains a valuable model for studying the vascular effects of
plants and for developing new antihypertensive drugs.
SkyViewSentinel: A Deep Learning-Driven Military Object Detection Application for Remote-Sensing Satellite Images
Authors: Patil Aditya Nitin , Mohanty Sachi Nandan , Khan Tauseef 
Published: December 2024

Background:
In today’s ever-changing world, military forces face significant challenges
in maintaining situational awareness and responding swiftly to emerging threats. Traditional
aerial surveillance often fails to give timely and thorough intelligence over large areas.
Limited coverage, mistakes, and difficulty noticing small changes on the ground hinder military
operations. To address these problems, this paper introduces the development of a deep
learning-based web application named “SkyViewSentinel”, a solution tailored specifically for
military aerial surveillance.

Methods:
The application framework i.e., SkyViewSentinel has been developed through multiple
stages i.e., (i) pre-process the Xview overhead Satellite imagery dataset using Ground
Truth refinement and image partitioning method, (ii) employed a SOTA deep model i.e.,
YOLOv8 as a baseline architecture for the research problem and assessed the performance on
experimental dataset, (iii) a series of rigorous experiments have been conducted using deep
model and obtained results are reported. (iv) Finally, the trained model has been seamlessly integrated
into the web application and develops a comprehensive web-based object detection
application. The developed application detects military-based objects from real-time satellite
images.

Results:
The developed application has shown promising results in identifying military objects
from satellite images, outperforming other contemporary methods. The designed framework
has achieved an overall mAP score of 0.315 for all nine classes of military-based objects. For
certain specific classes, detection accuracy exceeds 70%, demonstrating the robustness of the
framework.

Conclusion:
The designed web application enables users to detect military-based objects in the
region provided by the user. By harnessing the power of satellite object recognition technology,
SkyViewSentinel provides a new way to monitor and understand activities in operational
areas.
An Introduction to Trauma-Informed Teaching in Anthropology
Authors: Tantam William 
Published: December 2024

This editorial introduces the significance of a trauma-informed approach for teaching and learning in anthropology. It will provide an overview of key terms relating to trauma, and how these might apply to anthropological teaching and learning contexts. It also considers what these teaching contexts might reveal about trauma-informed approaches, drawing on conversations with colleagues from across different institutions into their experiences working with trauma. It identifies the centrality of trust and control in reflecting the needs of participants and students.

This collection brings together pieces from anthropologists working at different academic career stages: from those writing up PhD fieldwork to those reflecting on longer teaching and research engagements with trauma. The issue also comprises of work on very different ethnographic contexts including the UK, Greece, Italy, South Africa, Palestine, and Lebanon. This heterogeneity illustrates the usefulness of trauma as a lens through which to interpret multiple forms of experience, whether considering how to teach students about challenging topics, engage with those who have experienced trauma, or make sense of how to navigate our own experiences. Overall, it suggests that conversations around how to work with trauma need to be had with others - between students, colleagues, departments, and institutions.
Keywords: Trauma, vicarious trauma, historical trauma, trauma-informed approaches
Loss of β-Cell KATP Reduces Ca2+ Sensitivity of Insulin Secretion and Trpm5 Expression
Authors: York Nathaniel W. , Yan Zihan , Osipovich Anna B. , Tate Abbie , Patel Sumit , Piston David W. , Magnuson Mark A. , Remedi Maria S. , Nichols Colin G. 
Published: December 2024

Loss-of-function mutations in ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels cause hyperexcitability and insulin hypersecretion, resulting in congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI). Paradoxically, despite the initial insulin hypersecretion, many CHI cases, as well as KATP knockout (KO) animals, eventually “crossover” to undersecretion and even diabetes. Here, we confirm that Sur1 KO islets exhibit higher intracellular concentration of calcium ion ([Ca2+]i) at all concentrations of glucose but show decreased glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. However, when [Ca2+]i is artificially elevated by increasing extracellular [Ca2+], insulin secretion from Sur1 KO islets increases to the same levels as in wild-type (WT) islets. This indicates that a right-shift in [Ca2+]i dependence of insulin secretion, rather than loss of insulin content or intrinsic secretability, is the primary cause for the crossover. Chronic pharmacological inhibition of KATP channel activity by slow release of glibenclamide in pellet-implanted mice causes a very similar crossover to glucose intolerance and impaired insulin secretion seen in Sur1 KO animals. Whole-islet and single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveal markedly reduced Trpm5 in both conditions. Glibenclamide pellet–implanted Trpm5 KO mice also exhibited significant glucose intolerance. However, this was not as severe as in WT animals, which suggests decreased expression of Trpm5 may play a small role in the disruption of insulin secretion with KATP loss.

Article Highlights
Congenital hyperinsulinism caused by loss of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels crosses over to unexplained undersecretion. Why does loss of β-cell KATP channel activity result in undersecretion of insulin and glucose tolerance, despite elevated intracellular concentration of calcium ion ([Ca2+]i) levels? Superelevation of [Ca2+]i in supraphysiological extracellular [Ca2+] boosted secretion from Sur1 knockout (KO) islets to the same levels as WT, indicating a right-shift in [Ca2+]i dependence of secretion. Transcriptomic analysis revealed markedly reduced β-cell Trpm5 in the absence of KATP. KATP inhibition in Trpm5 KO mice still caused significant glucose intolerance, but slightly less severe than in WT animals. Right-shifted [Ca2+]i dependence of secretion explains crossover. Downregulation of Trpm5 may be involved.
Developing Sustainable Competitive Advantage: The Role of Dynamic Capability and Innovation Performance in Excelsa Coffee Bean Industry
Authors: Artika Siti , Toiba Hery , Andriani Dwi Retno 
Published: December 2024

This study examines the influence of sensing ability, seizing ability, reconfiguring capability, and innovation performance on sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) of the Excelsa Coffee Bean Processing Industry in Bojonegoro. Data was collected through questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability. The data analysis uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS software. The results show that these four variables have a positive and significant influence on SCA. Sensing ability plays a role in detecting market changes, while seizing ability allows companies to take advantage of existing opportunities. Reconfiguring capability helps companies adjust resources to stay competitive, and innovation performance is a key factor in creating new ideas that are relevant to the market. The study also found that innovation performance mediates the influence of sensing ability and seizing ability on SCA, making it a key catalyst in turning market potential into competitive advantage. This finding has important implications for the industry, namely the need to improve sensing, seizing, reconfiguring, and innovation performance. Stakeholders, such as local governments and supporting institutions, are also expected to play a role in helping the industry through policies that support this capacity building. Keywords: Performance innovation, Reconfiguring capabilities, Seizing ability, Sensing ability, Sustainable competitive advantage.
Guarda compartilhada: um importante instrumento de garantia do princípio melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente
Authors: Moura Briana Cassiane dos Santos , Ningeliski Adriane de Oliveira 
Published: December 2024

A guarda compartilhada permite que ambos os genitores convivam de maneira equilibrada com seus filhos, dividindo direitos e responsabilidades, mesmo após a separação. A temática tem grande relevância haja vista a necessidade de manejo adequado do fim da conjugalidade, com o escopo de mitigar os prejuízos à parentalidade. Sendo assim, o objetivo geral é verificar se a guarda compartilhada garante o melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente. Busca-se, assim, descrever o princípio do melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente no contexto da guarda compartilhada, com base na legislação brasileira e na doutrina especializada, analisando os diferentes modelos de guarda e suas implicações para o desenvolvimento da criança e do adolescente, sem deixar de identificar os desafios e perspectivas da guarda compartilhada no Brasil e considerar as diferentes realidades socioeconômicas e culturais, visando o atendimento do melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente. Para o desenvolvimento deste estudo, utiliza-se o método dedutivo, que parte de premissas gerais e universais para chegar a conclusões específicas sobre um caso concreto, no caso da presente pesquisa parte-se do pressuposto que a guarda compartilhada seria uma ferramenta capaz de garantir a aplicação do princípio do melhor interesse da criança e do adolescente. Conclui-se, portanto, que os laços parentais devem ser mantidos de forma mais intacta possível, o que leva ao entendimento que a guarda compartilha garante o melhor interesse da criança e adolescente, quando há ruptura da união conjugal dos pais.
COMPARISON OF SURGICAL TECHNIQUES IN BARLOW’S DISEASE
Authors: Aloi V. , Barbero C. , Stura E. Cura , Avellaneda G. A. Sobrino , Capozza C. , Pocar M. , Salizzoni S. , Rinaldi M. 
Published: December 2024

Backgroud and aim:
Barlow’s syndrome is the most advanced and complex in the spectrum of degenerative mitral valve disease; several strategies have been described to face it according to the amount and symmetry of the scallops involved. The aim of this report is to assess repair success and durability, early and late survival, and peri-operative outcomes of patients undergoing surgery for severe mitral valve (MV) regurgitation in Barlow’s disease.

Methods:
Patients with diagnosis of Barlow’s disease undergoing minimally invasive MV surgery from 2010 to 2024 were retrospectively analyzed and divided according to the received operation: ring only, ring+ posterior leaflet (PL) surgery, or ring + anterior or bileaflet.

Results:
199 patients underwent minimally invasive MV surgery: 34 patients received isolated anuloplasty, 99 ring+PL surgery, and 66 ring+anterior/bileaflets surgery. No peri-operative mortality was reported, while stroke occurred in 1 case. Systolic anterior motion occurred in 7 patients and was addressed intra- operatively. Pre-discharge transthoracic echocardiography showed absence of systolic anterior motion, and no or trace of mitral regurgitation.
Recurrence of moderate to severe MV regurgitation or redo was 5.9% in the ring only group, 1% in the ring+PL group, and 3% in the ring+anterior/bileaflet group (p=0.03).

Conclusion:
Minimally-invasive Barlow’s repair is safe and effective at long-term follow- up. No differences in terms of mortality and major complications have been observed among groups. The ring group only presents A higher rate of recurrence of mitral regurgitation was reported in the ring-only group.
RE-INTERVENTION AFTER FAILED MITRAL VALVE REPAIR WITH RING: TRANS-VENTRICULAR BEATING HEART NEOCHORD IMPLANTATION VS STANDARD SURGERY
Authors: Agostini G. , Capozza C. , Ferrante L. , Vairo A. , Barbero C. , Rinaldi M. , Salizzoni S. 
Published: December 2024

Background and Aim:
Recurrence of mitral regurgitation (MR) due to leaflet prolapse after mitral valve repair (MVr) may lead to re-intervention, with high risk of morbidity and mortality and challenging re- repair.
The aim is to compare the results of patients with failed MVr with annuloplasty that underwent NeoChord or standard surgery.

Methods:
Between 2006 and 2024, 36 patients were retrospectively enrolled: 14 underwent NeoChord, group A; 22 where reoperated through right mini-thoracotomy (13) or sternotomy (9), group B. There was no statistically significant difference in terms of age (67±4.9 vs 64±9.9), gender (female 28.6% vs 18.2%), EF (58.4±10,6% vs 58.4±8.2%), and EuroSCORE II (3.4±1.1 vs 3.1±1.8).

Results:
All patients in group A underwent successful MVr with a median of three implanted chords while in group B 11 (50%) patients need a MV replacement (p=0.007). Six patients (43%) in group A did not need ICU stay (p=0.003). Transfusions were higher in Group B (7.1% vs 22.7%, p=0.007). Days of hospitalization were significantly lower in group A (4±1 vs 7.8±2.7). Long term follow-up is ongoing.

Conclusions:
In patients with recurrence of MR due to leaflet prolapse in previous standard MVr with annuloplasty, NeoChord shows promising results and may become the standard of care in this selected population.
RISK STRATIFICATION IN RE-OPERATIVE MITRAL VALVE SURGERY
Authors: Capozza C. , Barbero C. , Pocar M. , Aloi V. , Cura stura E. , Filippini C. , Salizzoni S. , Rinaldi M. 
Published: December 2024

Background and Aim:
Reoperative mitral valve (MV) surgery is one of the most challenging and high-risk procedure in cardiac surgery. Aims of this study is to analyse our experience on these patients.

Material & Methods:
Retrospective single center analysis on patients undergoing reoperative MV surgery after prior repair/replacement through mid-sternotomy. Primary endpoint was 30-day mortality; secondary endpoints were stroke, re-exploration for bleeding, ICU and in-hospital length-of-stay, and independent risk factors for peri-operative mortality.

Results:
392 patients were enrolled. Logistic EuroSCORE was 19.1±17.3%, and 263 patients (67.1%) had more than one previous cardiac surgery procedure. Former combined procedures were aortic valve surgery in 26 patients (6.6%), TV surgery in 19 patients (4.8%) and coronary artery by-pass graft (CABG) surgery in 17 patients (4.3%). A right mini- thoracotomy approach was performed in 263 patients (67.1%). Stroke rate was 4.3%, re- exploration for bleeding was 6.9%, median ICU and hospital length-of-stay were 2 and 8 days. 30-day mortality was 7.2%.
Creatinine (OR 1.335, 95% CI 1.070-1.665), ejection fraction (OR 0.948, 95% CI 0.921-0.976), previous aortic valve surgery (OR 5.957, 95% CI 2.109-16.820), and diabetes (OR 5.945, 95% CI 2.651-13.392) were identified as independent risk factors for peri-operative mortality

Conclusion:
MV surgery after prior MV operations still represents a demanding procedure with high peri-operative risk. Nevertheless, surgery is still the gold standard for these patients. We believe that the joint of different setting tailored on the single patient after a proper pre-operative screening is the winning strategy to keep perioperative outcome as low as possible
SURVIVAL AND RECURRENCE OF ENDOCARDITIS FOLLOWING MECHANICAL VS. BIOLOGICAL MITRAL VALVE REPLACEMENT FOR ENDOCARDITIS IN PATIENTS AGED 40 TO 70 YEARS: DATA FROM THE INFECT-REGISTRY
Authors: Salsano A. , Di Mauro M. , Labate L. , Della Corte A. , De Bonis M. , Rinaldi M. , Actis Dato G. , Nicolini F. , De Vincentiis C. , Cappabianca G. , Cugola D. , Pacini D. , Vendramin I. , Pilozzi Casado A. , Mikus E. , Onorati F. , Scrofani R. , Musumeci F. , Colli A. , Nicolardi S. , Vizzardi E. , Pantaleo A. , Villa E. , Pollari F. , Barili F. , Parolari A. , Lorusso R. , Santini F. ,   GIROC Study
Published: December 2024

Background and Aim:
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious disease, and in many cases, surgery is necessary. The aim of the present study is to quantify differences in long-term survival and recurrence of endocarditis after mitral valve replacement (MVR) for IE according to prosthesis type among patients aged 40 to 70 years.

Methods:
This was an analysis of the INFECT- REGISTRY. Trends in proportion to the use of mechanical prostheses versus biological ones over time were tested. Confounders were adjusted using a doubly robust method that combines regression model with inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) by propensity score. Survival was analyzed with Cox models, differences in recurrence of endocarditis were evaluated using the Gray test.

Results:
5253 patients were operated on for IE from 2000 to 2021. Of these,741 aged between 40 and 70 years, underwent MVR. A total of 403(54.4%) received mechanical prostheses, and 338(45.6%) received bioprostheses. A significant trend in the reduction of implantation of mechanical vs. biological prostheses was observed during the study period in patients aged 40 to 50 and 60 to 70 years. Patients with mechanical valves and bioprostheses had comparable early mortality. The improved overall survival rate in the patients who received a mechanical prosthesis than those receiving a biological prosthesis showed a trend toward significance at Cox analysis adjusted for propensity score weighting (HR 0.746, 95% CI:0.53–1.03, p=0.07). Mechanical prostheses were associated with significantly less recurrent endocarditis after AVR than biological prostheses (Gray’s test p<0.001).

Conclusions:
The present analysis of the INFECT-REGISTRY shows increased survival and reduced recurrence of endocarditis after a mechanical MV implantation in middle- aged patients.
MINIMALLY INVASIVE MITRAL VALVE SURGERY IN ELDERLY
Authors: Mikus E. , Fiorentino M. , Sangiorgi D. , Calvi S. , Tenti E. , Tripodi A. , Costantino A. , Savini C. 
Published: December 2024

Background:
Right anterior minithoracotomy has become the preferred approach for mitral valve surgery. This study assesses outcomes in elderly patients to determine potential benefits.

Materials and Methods:
From January 2010 to May 2024, 4092 adult patients underwent mitral valve repair or replacement, with 1687 using a minimally invasive approach. We focused on elderly patients aged ≥75 years (n=383) treated with a minimally invasive approach and a subgroup aged ≥80 years (n=144).

Results:
In patients aged ≥75 years, 48.3% were male. Among 383 patients, 1.8%(n=7) had endocarditis, 6.3%(n=24) had undergone previous cardiac surgery. The median logistic EuroSCORE was 7.48(IQR 4.92). Median cardiopulmonary bypass time was 95 (IQR 56) minutes and aortic cross-clamp time was 76 (IQR 46) minutes. Median ventilation time was 7(IQR 7) hours, and median ICU stay was 2 days. Main postoperative complications were atrial fibrillation (20.1%) and acute renal failure (3.1%). The hospital mortality rate was 3.1% (n=11). In the ≥80 years subgroup, the Logistic EuroSCORE increased to 8.97, with a mortality rate of 5.3%. Atrial fibrillation (22%) and acute renal failure (3.5%) were the most common complications. Logistic regression identified acute renal failure as a key risk factor for mortality (p<0.001) in both the main groups
Preoperative risk factor analysis using logistic regression identified the logistic EuroSCORE as the only significant risk factor (p=0.013), with mortality notably increasing when the logistic EuroSCORE was ≥11.59

Conclusions:
Right anterior minithoracotomy is a safe and reproducible approach, even for elderly patients, promoting faster recovery with lower risks of complications.
FEATURES AND RISK STRATIFICATION IN ENDOSCOPIC MITRAL VALVE SURGERY. DOES GENDER BIAS EXIST?
Authors: Brega C. , Sangiorgi D. , Savini C. 
Published: December 2024

Background and Aim:
Since 10 years, gender bias is source of interest in cardiac surgery: women patients are supposed to have longer cardiological history, later referral to surgery and higher postoperative complications rate. The last frontier of minimally invasive cardiac surgery is the endoscopic approach, that makes surgery more customized.

Methods:
During the last 2 years 143 patients underwent endoscopic mitral valve surgery: 54 women and 89 men. Surgical access is through the 4th intercostal right space, positioning the camera on the anterior/mid axillary line. Baseline characteristics were similar between the 2 groups; median age in males was 61, in females 64 (p= 0.008). Median EuroSCORE log and II were higher in the female group: 1.86 and 0.67 versus 4.11 and 1.28 (p < 0.001).

Results:
Mitral valve repair was performed in 134 patients (94% vs mitral valve replacement in 6%). Similar CBP and cross-clamping time were reported (F: 169 and 114 minutes; M: 183 and 121 minutes). 30-day and in-hospital mortality were 0.6 and 2% respectively. No statistically significant difference was reported between the groups in terms of mortality, reoperations for bleeding (p= 0.55), transfusion rate (p= 0.069), respiratory (p=0.78) complications, pacemaker (PM) rate implantation (p=0.378), sepsis (p=0.55), and acute kidney injury (p=1). Postoperative EF were similar, with higher transmitral gradients in women (3.9 vs 2.9 mmHg).

Conclusion:
Our standardised approach for endoscopic mitral valve surgery is safe, makes the surgical gesture precise and reproducible and levels out the potential differences due to gender bias.