bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Which patients are at high risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism)?
Authors: Áinle Fionnuala Ní , Kevane Barry 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE, or deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism) is associated with mortality and long-term morbidity. The circumstances in which an index VTE event occurred are crucial when personalized VTE recurrence risk is assessed. Patients who experience a VTE event in the setting of a transient major risk factor (such as surgery associated with general anesthesia for &gt;30 minutes) are predicted to have a low VTE recurrence risk following discontinuation of anticoagulation, and limited-duration anticoagulation is generally recommended. In contrast, those patients whose VTE event occurred in the absence of risk factors or who have persistent risk factors have a higher VTE recurrence risk. Here, we review the literature surrounding VTE recurrence risk in a range of clinical conditions. We describe gender-specific risks, including VTE recurrence risk following hormone- and pregnancy-associated VTE events. Finally, we discuss how the competing impacts of VTE recurrence and bleeding have shaped international guideline recommendations.
Next-generation cell therapies: the emerging role of CAR-NK cells
Authors: Basar Rafet , Daher May , Rezvani Katayoun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
T cells engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) have revolutionized the field of cell therapy and changed the paradigm of treatment for many patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies. Despite this progress, there are limitations to CAR-T cell therapy in both the autologous and allogeneic settings, including practical, logistical, and toxicity issues. Given these concerns, there is a rapidly growing interest in natural killer cells as alternative vehicles for CAR engineering, given their unique biological features and their established safety profile in the allogeneic setting. Other immune effector cells, such as invariant natural killer T cells, γδ T cells, and macrophages, are attracting interest as well and eventually may be added to the repertoire of engineered cell therapies against cancer. The pace of these developments will undoubtedly benefit from multiple innovative technologies, such as the CRISPR-Cas gene editing system, which offers great potential to enhance the natural ability of immune effector cells to eliminate refractory cancers.
Harnessing lymphoma epigenetics to improve therapies (article not eligible for CME credit)
Authors: Yang Haopeng , Green Michael R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAffinity maturation and terminal differentiation of B cells via the germinal center reaction is a complex multistep process controlled by transcription factors that induce or suppress large dynamic transcriptional programs. This occurs via the recruitment of coactivator or corepressor complexes that epigenetically regulate gene expression by post-translationally modifying histones and/or remodeling chromatin structure. B-cell–intrinsic developmental programs both regulate and respond to interactions with other cells in the germinal center that provide survival and differentiation signals, such as T-follicular helper cells and follicular dendritic cells. Epigenetic and transcriptional programs that naturally occur during B-cell development are hijacked in B-cell lymphoma by genetic alterations that directly or indirectly change the function of transcription factors and/or chromatin-modifying genes. These in turn skew differentiation toward the tumor cell of origin and alter interactions between lymphoma B cells and other cells within the microenvironment. Understanding the mechanisms by which genetic alterations perturb epigenetic and transcriptional programs regulating B-cell development and immune interactions may identify opportunities to target these programs using epigenetic-modifying agents. Here, we discuss recently published studies centered on follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma within the context of prior knowledge, and we highlight how these insights have informed potential avenues for rational therapeutic interventions.
Psychometric properties of the simplified Chinese version of the observer OPTION5 scale
Authors: Chen Zhaojuan , Bai Xuefei , Jin Guanghui , Tao Xin , Huang Guowei , Zhao Yali 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
OPTION5 is a scale used to evaluate shared decision making (SDM) in health care from an observer’s perspective; however, to date, there is no simplified Chinese version of this scale.

Objectives
This study aims to produce a simplified Chinese version of the OPTION5 scale and to test its psychometric properties.

Methods
One rater observed and audio-recorded consultations between general practitioners (GPs) and chronically ill patients in a Beijing community health service center (CHSC) from May to June 2019. Meanwhile, demographic data of the patients and GPs were collected via information forms. Two raters assessed inter- and intra-rater reliability by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and weighted Cohen’s Kappa values. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s α value. Concurrent was calculated by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.

Results
A total of 209 consultations were recorded and evaluated. As concerns inter-rater reliability, the ICC of the OPTION5 was 0.859 on the total score level, with Cohen’s weighted k ranging from 0.376 (item 5) to 0.649 (item 2) on the single item level. With regard to intra-rater reliability, the ICC was 0.945 on the total score level, with Cohen’s weighted k ranging from 0.469 (item 5) to 0.883 (item1) on the single item level. Cronbach’s α value of all 5 items amounted to 0.746. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between OPTION5 and OPTION12 for Chinese versions was 0.660.

Conclusions
The simplified Chinese version of the OPTION5 scale, developed using stringent translation procedures, demonstrated satisfactory psychometric characteristics. Specifically, inter- and intra-rater reliabilities were excellent, while criterion validity was moderate. The simplified Chinese version of the OPTION5 scale can be implemented in clinical settings to evaluate SDM of treatment during consultations between GPs and chronically ill patients.
What might it cost to increase soil organic carbon using no-till on U.S. cropland?
Authors: Sperow Mark 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Existing research provides estimates of the biophysical potential for increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) stock, however additional research is needed to enhance our understanding of the economic potential for agricultural soils to offset or help reduce CO2 emissions. This study derives the marginal cost to increase SOC sequestration by combining SOC sequestration potential estimates developed using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) factors with an existing payment scheme that was designed to increase no-till (NT) adoption on U.S. cropland. The marginal costs of increasing SOC is a function of the amount of SOC that could be increased through NT and the expected cost to landowners of changing management to use NT.

Results
The variability in SOC sequestration rates due to different land-use, management histories, climate, and soils, combined with the 48 unique payment rates to adopt NT, yield over 5,000 unique marginal cost values for increasing SOC sequestration. Nearly 95 percent of the biophysical potential SOC sequestration increase on U.S. cropland (2802 Tg CO2 from 140.1 Tg CO2 year−1 for 20 years) could be captured for less than $100 Mg−1 CO2. An estimated 64 to 93 percent of the biophysical potential could be captured for less than the low and high estimated costs to capture CO2 for geologic storage of $36.36 to $86.06 Mg−1 CO2, respectively.

Conclusions
Decreasing tillage intensity through adoption of no-till agriculture offers a cost-effective way to offset a portion of increasing global CO2 emissions. This research demonstrates that increasing SOC stocks through NT adoption can offset CO2 emissions at a lower cost than some other options for preventing CO2 from entering the atmosphere.
Identification and validation of endogenous control miRNAs in plasma samples for normalization of qPCR data for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Dakterzada F. , Targa A. , Benítez I. D. , Romero-ElKhayat L. , de Gonzalo-Calvo D. , Torres G. , Moncusí-Moix A. , Huerto R. , Sánchez-de-la-Torre M. , Barbé F. , Piñol-Ripoll G. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that are highly relevant as disease biomarkers. Several studies that explored the role of miRNAs in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) demonstrated their usefulness in clinical identification. Nevertheless, miRNAs that may act as endogenous controls (ECs) have not yet been established. The identification of ECs would contribute to the standardization of these biomarkers in AD. The objective of the study was to identify miRNAs that can be used as ECs in AD.

Methods
We evaluated 145 patients divided into two different cohorts. One was a discovery cohort of 19 women diagnosed with mild to moderate AD (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score ≥ 20) and with confirmed pathologic levels of Aβ42 in CSF. The stability assessment cohort consisted of 126 individuals: 24 subjects without AD or any kind of dementia and negative for all core CSF biomarkers of AD, 25 subjects with MCI and negative for CSF biomarkers (MCI −), 22 subjects with MCI and positive for CSF biomarkers (MCI +), and 55 subjects with AD and positive for CSF biomarkers. In the discovery cohort, a profile of 384 miRNAs was determined in the plasma by TaqMan low-density array. The best EC candidates were identified by mean-centering and concordance correlation restricted normalization methods. The stability of the EC candidates was assessed using the GeNorm, BestKeeper, and NormFinder algorithms.

Results
Nine miRNAs (hsa-miR-324-5p, hsa-miR-22-5p, hsa-miR-103a-2-5p, hsa-miR-362-5p, hsa-miR-425-3p, hsa-miR-423-5p, hsa-let-7i-3p, hsa-miR-532-5p, and hsa-miR-1301-3p) were identified as EC candidates in the discovery cohort. The validation results indicated that hsa-miR-103a-2-5p was the best EC, followed by hsa-miR-22-5p, hsa-miR-1301-3p, and hsa-miR-425-3p, which had similar stability values in all three algorithms.

Conclusions
We identified a profile of four miRNAs as potential plasma ECs to be used for normalization of miRNA expression data in studies of subjects with cognitive impairment.
Removal of TPH, UCM, PAHs, and Alk-PAHs in oil-contaminated soil by thermal desorption
Authors: Choi Byeongwook , Lee Sungjong , Jho Eun Hea 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOil-contaminated soils from a former landfill and gas station site in Korea were treated by thermal desorption. The removal efficiencies of the different oil components such as total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), unresolved complex mixtures (UCM), and alkylated PAHs (Alk-PAHs) by thermal desorption were determined. The effects of temperatures (200, 400, and 600 °C) and treatment times (15, 30, 45, and 60 min) on the thermal desorption efficiency were studied. The treatment efficiency increased with increasing temperature from 200 to 400 °C and with increasing treatment time. Almost complete removals of TPH, UCM, PAHs, and Alk-PAHs were observed after 15 min at 400 °C. The treatment temperatures of 400 and 600 °C did not show a significant difference (p-value > 0.05). Overall, this study shows that the different components of oil in the oil-contaminated soils can be treated effectively in a relatively short time by thermal desorption, and such high removal efficiency in a relatively short time for the oil-contaminated soils can be of advantage for the treatment of highly contaminated or weathered soils where biological treatment efficiency is low.
In-Vitro antioxidant, anti-lipid peroxidative activities and In-Silico study of Terminalia chebula bioactive compounds
Authors: Sabir Syed Mubashar , Abbas Syed Rizwan , Shahida Shabnam , Khan Muhammad Faraz 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the antioxidant activities and to identify the bioactive compounds in hot water extracts ofTerminalia chebulafruit.MethodsThe antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH assay, lipid peroxidation assay, iron chelation and total antioxidant assay. The phenolic composition was determined by HPLC-DAD. Human Rab8b Protein was used for the validation of compounds as anti-inflammation. String analysis for protein synergism was used.ResultsThe analysis ofTerminalia chebulaRetzius (Combretaceae) phenolics showed anti-inflammatory effect. The specific phenolic compositions were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and resulted in the identification of rutin, catechin, caffeic acid, gallicacid, ellagic acid, epicatechin, and quercetin as antioxidant compounds. Human Rab8b protein is selected for protein docking and all compounds except rutin showed good results. ADMET properties were checked by using AdmetSar and all seven compounds showed validation for AMET properties. The synergisms of compounds were analyzed by STRING analysis and our ligands shows strong binding with human Rab8b proteins. The aqueous extract was capable of inhibiting the lipid peroxidation in egg yolk phospholipid homogenate. The extract scavenged the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) (IC50,71.5 ± 2.1 μg/ml). The extract displayed the high metal chelation activities and reducing abilities on the phosphomolybdenum assay.ConclusionsIt is concluded that extracts ofT. chebulahave good antioxidant and anti-inflammation activities and are rich in phenolics.
Antiglycative and anti-inflammatory effects of lipophilized tyrosol derivatives
Authors: Hu Xiaoqian , Wang Mingfu , Shahidi Fereidoon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
To expand the application of tyrosol, a series of lipophilized tyrosol derivatives were synthesized via esterification of tyrosol with fatty acids of different chain lengths. The antiglycative activity of tyrosol esters so prepared was subsequently examined in the bovine serum albumin/glucose system. A quasi-parabolic shape was observed when the activity was plotted against alkyl chain length. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory effects of these derivatives were evaluated against methylglyoxal-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells. The same trend on anti-inflammatory activity was found as in the antiglycation study. The results showed that tyrosol esters with C12:0 and C14:0 were two most efficient ones among all the tested derivatives. Thus, some lipophilized tyrosol derivatives were stronger antiglycative and anti-inflammatory agents compared to the parent compound, tyrosol.

Graphical abstract
Association of Maternal-Neonatal Steroids With Early Pregnancy Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Banker Margaret , Puttabyatappa Muraly , O’Day Patrick , Goodrich Jaclyn M , Kelley Angela S , Domino Steven E , Smith Yolanda R , Dolinoy Dana C , Song Peter X K , Auchus Richard J , Padmanabhan Vasantha 
Published: December 2020

AbstractContextSteroids play an important role in fetal development and parturition. Gestational exposures to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) affect steroidal milieu and pregnancy outcomes, raising the possibility of steroids serving as biomarkers. Most studies have not addressed the impact of EDC mixtures, which are reflective of real life scenarios.ObjectiveAssess the association of maternal and neonatal steroids with pregnancy outcomes and early pregnancy EDC levels.DesignProspective analysis of mother-infant dyads.SettingUniversity hospital.Participants121 mother-infant dyads.Main Outcome MeasuresThe associations of maternal and neonatal steroidal hormones from 121 dyads with pregnancy outcomes, the associations of first trimester EDCs individually and as mixtures with maternal and neonatal steroids in a subset of 56 dyads and the influence of body mass index (BMI), age, and offspring sex in modulating the EDC associations with steroids were determined.ResultsSteroid-specific positive or negative associations with pregnancy measures were evident; many maternal first trimester EDCs were negatively associated with estrogens and positively with androgen/estrogen ratios; EDC-steroid associations were influenced by maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, and fetal sex; and EDCs individually and as mixtures showed direct and inverse fetal sex-dependent associations with maternal and neonatal steroids.ConclusionsThis proof-of-concept study indicates association of steroids with pregnancy outcomes depending on maternal age, prepregnancy BMI, and fetal sex, with the effects of EDCs differing when considered individually or as mixtures. These findings suggest that steroidal hormonal measures have potential to serve as biomarkers of impact of EDC exposures and pregnancy outcome.
Building entrepreneurial researcher capacity to increase positive changes in practice
Authors: Briscoe Patricia , Persad Robin 
Published: December 2020

Background: Over the past decade, research-based and evidence-informed decision-making have played increasingly important roles in influencing educational policy and impacting practices in education. The dissemination, implementation and sustainability of research-to-practice are thus fruitful topics for discussion. Even though, as Oliver and Cairney (2019) report, there is no shortage of literature on the topic, many academics struggle with where to start. This entrepreneurial concept is based on the current literature and the author’s experiences working with an Ontario Ministry of Education in Canada initiative designed to promote a systems approach to building research-practitioner partnerships so as to mobilise findings into practice.
Aims and objectives: This practice paper is meant to offer such a starting place. It introduces the concept of the `entrepreneurial researcher’ and provides concrete strategies by which contemporary researchers can develop entrepreneurial skills to plan, promote and mobilise their research and findings. In doing so, the researchers may arrive at a better understanding of self-actualization opportunities and move beyond the institutional barriers (i.e. academic institutions), that underlie and incentivise much of scholarly publication, to broaden their research focus and dissemination (Best and Holmes 2010).
Key conclusions: We suggest a revised research process that includes the importance and application of collaborative planning, networking, partnerships and knowledge mobilisation processes. Also, recognizing the goals of many research agendas to improve and impact practice, we provide a list of recommendations for researchers to support greater transfer of research into practice.
Primary Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma of the Rectosigmoid Colon in a Patient With Ulcerative Colitis Who Never Received Immunosuppression
Authors: Mulat Baruh Bruck , Boroda Konstantin , Guddati Harish , Kiyici Nejat 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Primary rectal lymphoma is extremely rare, accounting for approximately 0.05% of all primary rectal neoplasms. We present a patient with long-standing ulcerative colitis, who was never treated with immunomodulators or biologic agents, diagnosed with primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the rectosigmoid colon, and achieved remission after chemotherapy. As per current data, incidence of primary colorectal lymphoma has been associated with medications used for inflammatory bowel disease treatment, such as thiopurine, methotrexate, or tumor necrosis factor-α antagonist, and not with the inflammation itself. Given the rarity of this phenomenon, more data should be gathered before determining that no such association exists.
Multiplicity and concentration behaviour of solutions for a fractional Choquard equation with critical growth
Authors: Yang Zhipeng , Zhao Fukun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study the singularly perturbed fractional Choquard equationε2s(−Δ)su+V(x)u=εμ−3(∫R3|u(y)|2μ,s∗+F(u(y))|x−y|μdy)(|u|2μ,s∗−2u+12μ,s∗f(u))inR3,$$\begin{equation*}\varepsilon^{2s}(-{\it\Delta})^su+V(x)u=\varepsilon^{\mu-3}(\int\limits_{\mathbb{R}^3}\frac{|u(y)|^{2^*_{\mu,s}}+F(u(y))}{|x-y|^\mu}dy)(|u|^{2^*_{\mu,s}-2}u+\frac{1}{2^*_{\mu,s}}f(u)) \, \text{in}\, \mathbb{R}^3, \end{equation*}$$whereε> 0 is a small parameter, (−△)sdenotes the fractional Laplacian of orders ∈(0, 1), 0 <μ< 3,2μ,s⋆=6−μ3−2s$2_{\mu ,s}^{\star }=\frac{6-\mu }{3-2s}$is the critical exponent in the sense of Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality and fractional Laplace operator.Fis the primitive offwhich is a continuous subcritical term. Under a local condition imposed on the potentialV, we investigate the relation between the number of positive solutions and the topology of the set where the potential attains its minimum values. In the proofs we apply variational methods, penalization techniques and Ljusternik-Schnirelmann theory.
Global solvability in a three-dimensional Keller-Segel-Stokes system involving arbitrary superlinear logistic degradation
Authors: Wang Yulan , Winkler Michael , Xiang Zhaoyin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Keller-Segel-Stokes system

(*)

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$$\begin{eqnarray*}	\left\{ \begin{array}{lcll}	n_t + u\cdot\nabla n &=& \it\Delta n - \nabla \cdot (n\nabla c) + \rho n - \mu n^\alpha,	\\[1mm]	c_t + u\cdot\nabla c &=& \it\Delta c-c+n,	\\[1mm]	u_t &=& \it\Delta u + \nabla P - n\nabla \it\Lambda, \qquad \nabla\cdot u =0,	\end{array} \right. \end{eqnarray*}$$

is considered in a bounded domain Ω ⊂ ℝ3 with smooth boundary, with parameters ρ ≥ 0, μ > 0 and α > 1, and with a given gravitational potential Λ ∈ W
2,∞(Ω).
It is shown that in this general setting, when posed under no-flux boundary conditions for n and c and homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions for u, and for any suitably regular initial data, an associated initial value problem possesses at least one globally defined solution in an appropriate generalized sense. Since it is well-known that in the absence of absorption, already the corresponding fluid-free subsystem with u ≡ 0 and μ = 0 admits some solutions blowing up in finite time, this particularly indicates that any power-type superlinear degradation of the form in (*) goes along with some significant regularizing effect.
Experiences and practices of English as a lingua franca communication in the international university: An integrative view of student voices
Authors: Lee Seongyong , Kim Arum 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Students’ experiences and practices regarding English as a lingua franca (ELF) have been central to the discussion in research on intercultural communication in academia as it provides the basis for English language policy and practices in the international university. To date, however, few previous studies have explored diverse factors for perceptions of ELF communication with a single framework. To fill this gap, this study provides the integrative research model for perceptions and behaviours regarding ELF communication in the international university context, using Theory of Planned Behaviour. It further explores the effect of those factors on actual intentions to engage in ELF communication. Data were collected from 232 questionnaires and seven interviews on the offshore campus of a Hong Kong university in mainland China. Findings showed that factors such as acceptance, social expectations, the sense of control over linguistic knowledge for intercultural communication, and self-esteem had significant effects on intentions. The study concluded that ELF speakers’ decision-making process to engage in ELF communication is not simply based on individual behaviour, but on social performance in academic communities of practice. This study suggests academic and educational implications for incorporating the ELF perspective into English language policy and practices in the international university.