bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
When descriptive ecology meets physiology: a study in a South Atlantic rhodolith bed
Authors: Carvalho V. F. , Silva J. , Kerr R. , Anderson A. B. , Bastos E. O. , Cabral D. , Gouvêa L. P. , Peres L. , Martins C. D. L. , Silveira-Andrade V. M. , Sissini M. N. , Horta P. H. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study presents two years of characterization of a warm temperate rhodolith bed in order to analyse how certain environmental changes influence the community ecology. The biomass of rhodoliths and associated species were analysed during this period andin situexperiments were conducted to evaluate the primary production, calcification and respiration of the dominant species of rhodoliths and epiphytes. The highest total biomass of rhodoliths occurred during austral winter.Lithothamnion crispatumwas the most abundant rhodolith species in austral summer. Epiphytic macroalgae occurred only in January 2015, withPadina gymnosporabeing the most abundant. Considering associated fauna, the biomass of Mollusca increased from February 2015 to February 2016. Population densities of key reef fish species inside and around the rhodolith beds showed significant variations in time. The densities of grouper (carnivores/piscivores) increased in time, especially from 2015 to 2016. On the other hand, grunts (macroinvertebrate feeders) had a modest decrease over time (from 2014 to 2016). Other parameters such as primary production and calcification ofL. crispatumwere higher under enhanced irradiance, yet decreased in the presence ofP. gymnospora. Community structure and physiological responses can be explained by the interaction of abiotic and biotic factors, which are driven by environmental changes over time. Biomass changes can indicate that herbivores play a role in limiting the growth of epiphytes, and this is beneficial to the rhodoliths because it decreases competition for environmental resources with fleshy algae.
Modelling fine-scale distribution and relative abundance of harbour porpoises in the Southern Bight of the North Sea using platform-of-opportunity data
Authors: Bouveroux Thibaut , Waggitt James J. , Belhadjer Anissa , Cazenave Pierre W. , Evans Peter G.H. , Kiszka Jeremy J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOver the last 25 years, the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) has made a significant return to the Southern Bight of the North Sea and the English Channel due to a shift in distribution from northerly regions. Although the ecological drivers of this return are unclear, this species faces multiple threats in the region, including by-catch and habitat degradation. Ferry-based surveys were conducted year-round between November 2011 and June 2014 to assess the influence of environmental parameters upon the spatiotemporal distribution and relative abundance of harbour porpoises in the Southern Bight of the North Sea. A total of 1450 sightings of harbour porpoises were recorded during the 100 round-trip surveys carried out between Dunkirk (France) and Dover (England). Inter-annual and monthly variations in group size were observed, with largest groups recorded in 2014 (mean = 2.02) and in January (mean = 2.32). The relative abundance showed significant seasonal variation, with peaks recorded during winter months. An inter-annual increasing relative abundance was recorded during the study period. There was a seasonally dependent association with environmental variables, particularly depth, seabed roughness and current speed. Finally, predictions suggest large increases of the relative abundance in offshore habitats during winter months and over the study period.
Design of Automated Robotic System for Draping Prepreg Composite Fabrics
Authors: Ellekilde L.-P. , Wilm J. , Nielsen O. W. , Krogh C. , Kristiansen E. , Gunnarsson G. G. , Stenvang T. S. , Jakobsen J. , Kristiansen M. , Glud J. A. , Hannemose M. , Aanæs H. , de Kruijk J. , Sveidahl I. , Ikram A. , Petersen H. G. 
Published: April 2020

SUMMARYThis paper presents a novel solution for precision draping of prepreg composite fabrics onto double curved molds. Our contributions relate to system design, including hardware and software components, and to system integration. On the hardware side, design and implementation of a drape tool with up to 120 suction cups positioned individually by linear actuators are described. On the software side, design and implementation of the software architecture are presented, along with necessary algorithms within sensor technologies and mathematical modeling. The essential system’s components were verified individually, and the entire integrated system was successfully validated in the Proof-of-Concept experiments, performed on an experimental physical model of the system.
106 “Random Twitching” - A Case Presentation
Authors: Ruege Andrew 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:Purpose of the study:To present a case about a 12 year old with a movement disorder to educate the community about an uncommon side effect of a commonly utilized class of psychiatric medications. Simple statement of methods: Patient was seen in the context of a consultation-liaison psychiatry capacity during the first author’s general psychiatry residency. Information was obtained from an electronic medical record and interviews with other physicians that treated the patient. Research about the patient’s supposed diagnosis was conducted using a PubMed + OneSearch searches and articles were obtained under the guidance of a certified hospital librarian.Results/Discussion:Withdrawal Emergent Dyskinesia is an uncommon, but debilitating condition that can occur after a rapid discontinuation/dosage change of a neuroleptic. This condition has been documented sparsely in the literature; more literature exists regarding its presence in children than in adults. The condition lasts for 2-3 months and resolves spontaneously in ~90% of cases. The literature that is available suggests (1) avoiding neuroleptic use in children if possible, (2) tapering off antipsychotics slowly, (3) using benzodiazepines and/or beta-blockers to treat symptoms of this condition, and (4) restarting the neuroleptic if symptoms do not improve.Conclusion:Withdrawal Emergent Dyskinesia is an uncommon, poorly studied, debilitating condition that can occur after a rapid discontinuation/dosage change of a neuroleptic. Future research efforts could be focused on (a) the prevalence of neuroleptic withdrawal symptoms in both adults and children, (b) the complete neurochemical and neurobiological pathogenesis of WED, and (c) the differences in terms of diagnosis and treatment between dyskinesias associated with both neuroleptic use and/or withdrawal. In addition, the existence of such a condition is yet another reason to reconsider off-label use of neuroleptics to treat behavioral symptoms in the absence of clear psychiatric indications for their use.
109 Hyperthyroidism-induced Psychosis
Authors: Shaikh Asad , Shah Khushbu , Idowu Joel 
Published: April 2020

Objective:To describe the presence of psychotic symptomatology in a patient with hyperthyroidismAbstract:Psychiatric-spectrum symptoms associated with thyrotoxicosis has been well reported in the past. However, psychosis in a patient with a thyroid nodule is a rare find. Here, the case of twenty four-year-old, single, unemployed, Albanian American male with self-reported history of Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and Cannabis use disorder was brought in to the Comprehensive Psychiatric Emergency Program (CPEP) due to new onset psychosis. Patient was paranoid, disorganized with labile mood. He had poor insight, judgement and impulse control. The event coincided with a period of unemployment in his life and new onset of hallucinations from past few days. He was brought in to the hospital after he was found pacing and having lack of sleep. Patient was treated with antipsychotic for acute psychosis. He was started on Risperidone initially to which he did not respond to. Blood work showed low TSH and elevated T4. Physical exam was noted for palpable thyroid nodule. Further labs resulted in high thyroid peroxidase antibody. Ultrasound of thyroid with color flow showed single nodule in the left lobe and iodine uptake activity localized to the left lobe. Patient was started on Methimazole 5 mg along with Haldol 5mg orally twice a day which improved his symptoms tremendously. Patient was stabilized and after 1 week was discharged on Haldol 5 mg by mouth two times a day for Psychosis, Cogentin 1 mg by mouth two times a day for extrapyramidal system (EPS), and Methimazole 5 mg by mouth daily for overactive thyroid nodule.Conclusion:Psychosis associated with thyroid nodule is rare but possible. The onset of psychotic syndrome is an important clinical element whose underlying medical cause must be promptly clarified. Psychosis can present in a number of ways and can have different causes. Apart from psychiatric causes, underlying medical causes should always be considered. In this case it was important to get a full clinical history of the patient as well as complete physical examination. The differential diagnosis of a psychotic disorder in light of a medical disease should always be considered in order to promptly diagnose and treat the underlying cause to reduce the morbidity and possibly the mortality associated with it.
130 Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Is It in Your Differential Diagnosis? Two Case Reports
Authors: Avery Debra K , Min. Julie Brann D. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:Temporal Lobe Epilepsy:Is it in your differential diagnosis? Two Case ReportsObjective:Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE), also referred as Complex Partial Seizures, is a medical diagnosis that must be considered in the pediatric, adolescent, and adult population presenting for psychiatric care. Mood disorders are common in people with epilepsy, with a prevalence rate of 20 to 50%. Scant literature exists that seeks specifically to enhance our knowledge of the similarities and subtle differences between TLE, Bipolar Disorder (BD) and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Our objective is to describe an adolescent and adult case; one initially diagnosed as BD, the other PTSD, when in fact, it was TLE. We aim to illustrate that misdiagnosis and failure to diagnose are common. The provider must engage in a thorough review of systems and consider TLE in the differential diagnosis. A delay in the appropriate diagnosis and treatment can lead to a substantial amount of adverse effects and worsening of symptoms and negatively impact one’s quality of life.Method:Two case studies; an adolescent and one adult, diagnosed with BD and the other PTSD. Both endorsed a history of symptoms indicative of TLE. Key assessment findings and screening diagnostics alerted us to the differential diagnosis of TLE. The overlap of the symptom presentation is described.Results:TLE and many psychiatric conditions often present with overlapping symptoms. Patients have the potential to present with absence seizures, unprovoked irritability, oppositionality, aggression, anger, paroxysmal anxiety, somatic symptoms such as headaches, nausea, burning in the abdomen, stereotyped movements or behaviors, hypergraphia bizarre or incongruous affect, symptoms of fear, disturbed sleep, tearfulness, memory problems, déjà vu, fugue states, changes in cognition, inability to concentrate, fatigue, auditory and visual hallucination and bad temper.Our differential diagnosis of TLE was confirmed with electroencephalogram (EEG). By prescribing the appropriate medications to these two individuals, they were able to experience improved moods, become more productive in society, working, attending church, family outings, etc. They were weaned off their antipsychotic medications, of which an abundance of troubling side effects is now a non-issue.Conclusions:A delay in the proper diagnosis of TLE can have a significant negative impact on the adolescent and adult population. A need exists to educate mental health professionals on the overlap of symptoms of TLE and psychiatric disorders. The significant issue at hand is that they may not be receiving adequate or appropriate medications. Considering TLE in the differential diagnosis of presenting mood instability ensures our patients they are getting the basics of psychiatric care; which always emphasizes ruling out medical conditions first.
143 A Combination of Olanzapine and Samidorphan Has No Clinically Relevant Effect on QT Prolongation up to Supratherapeutic Doses
Authors: Sun Lei , Yagoda Sergey , Xue Hongqi , Brown Randy , Nangia Narinder , McDonnell David , Rege Bhaskar , von Moltke Lisa , Darpo Borje 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:Background:ALKS 3831, a combination of olanzapine and samidorphan (OLZ/SAM) in development for schizophrenia, is intended to mitigate olanzapine-associated weight gain. This thorough QT (tQT) study evaluated OLZ/SAM effects on electrocardiogram parameters.Methods:In this randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study, 100 patients with stable schizophrenia were randomized 3:2 to either receive OLZ/SAM 10/10 mg (therapeutic dose) on days 2–4, 20/20 mg on days 5–8, and 30/30 mg (supratherapeutic dose) on days 9–13 with moxifloxacin-matching placebo on days 1 and 14, or a single dose of moxifloxacin 400 mg and matching placebo on days 1 and 14 (nested crossover design). Drug concentration relation to change from baseline in Fridericia-corrected QTc (ΔQTcF) was evaluated using a linear mixed-effect concentration-QTc (C-QTc) model. Adverse events were assessed.Results:The slope (90% CI) of the C-QTc was not significant for olanzapine or samidorphan (0.03 [−0.01, 0.08] and 0.01 [−0.01, 0.04] msec per ng/mL, respectively). Predicted placebo-corrected ΔQTcF (90% CI) was 2.33 (−2.72, 7.38) and 1.38 (−3.37, 6.12) msec at the observed geometric mean maximal concentration of olanzapine (62.6 ng/mL) and samidorphan (75.1 ng/mL), respectively, on day 13. A clinically relevant QT effect (ie, placebo-corrected ΔQTcF ≥10 msec) can be excluded for olanzapine and samidorphan concentrations up to ≈110 and ≈160 ng/mL, respectively. Assay sensitivity was confirmed by the C-QTc relationship of moxifloxacin. OLZ/SAM was well tolerated.Conclusions:OLZ/SAM, in doses and plasma concentrations up to supratherapeutic levels, was well tolerated and had no clinically relevant effects on electrocardiogram parameters, including QT interval, in patients with schizophrenia.Funding Acknowledgements:This study was funded by Alkermes, Inc.
182 The Brain Becomes What the Brain Does
Authors: Callahan Vince 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:The lack of current research regarding teacher knowledge about early life stress (ELS) in children needs to be expanded. The purpose of this study was to assess teacher knowledge, educational training levels, and their individual ability to identify signs and symptoms of ELS. Participants were given the Early Life Stress Assessment Survey. The statistical analysis of respondent survey data indicated that 85% of survey participants had little or no knowledge of the topic and have not attended at least one professional training course or seminar. This result was significant, because 96% of participating teachers indicated they had students who have experienced ELS in their classrooms. Additionally, participants were asked to identify signs and symptoms of ELS versus other types of learning disabilities. The average survey score was 58% correct answers.
187 Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Challenges in Treating Patient with Phagophobia and Comorbid Panic Disorder and Severe Anorexia
Authors: Yen Po Yu , Akram Faisal , Naqvi Syed 
Published: April 2020

Abstract:Phagophobia is a rare form of psychogenic dysphagia; it is characterized by an intense fear of swallowing food. It is a disorder which may be potentially life threatening if left untreated. Different effective approaches regarding the management for phagophobia have been documented in the past. However, there have not been sufficient data to support a definitive treatment. We would like to present a case which phagophobia, along with the presence of panic disorder and severe anorexia increase the difficulty in patient management.Patient is a middle-aged female with history of anorexia nervosa and panic disorder. She presented with an eight-month history of inadequate caloric intake which was related to her fear of gaining weight and being preoccupied with intense fear of intake of food and medications; she stated that her throat was burning in attempt to swallow solids. She also stated that she felt like she had a “lump” in the throat. Her intake of food was limited to only certain types of food. However, after eating, she would engage in purging behaviors. Her hospitalization was complicated by multiple panic attacks in a day.Patient underwent diagnostic interventions that helped us ruled out the other underlying causes of her symptoms: physical examinations, laboratory findings, bedside swallowing evaluation and esophagogastroduodenoscopy. These evaluations indicated that her symptoms were not caused by a medical condition or physiological effects of a substance. Daily medications aided with Anxiolytics as needed were prescribed for managing her symptoms. Non- pharmacological managements following the recommendations of the expert in positive behavior support were performed aiming to treat her symptoms.Due to intense fear of swallowing, she was not able to take oral medications for panic disorder, and the effect of psychotherapy for eating disorder was limited due to frequent recurrence of panic attacks. She had not shown improvement of her symptoms: inadequate daily energy intake and medication, non-compliance to oral medications. Her BMI dropped from 14 to 13 over the course of 8 months and the symptoms of panic disorder persisted, and she is at risk of medical emergencies.In this report, we present the challenges in managing a patient with multiple psychiatric comorbidities, where each illness increased the difficulty of treating another illness. We had reviewed case reports which indicated that cognitive behavioral techniques may be beneficial to patients with phagophobia. However, the effects of non-pharmacological managements were limited as patient’s psychiatric illness prevented her from completing each session. To this date, there has been no report of treatment success in a patient whose situation is similar to hers. Further research, clinical trials, and additional data collected in the future may provide new insights into management of this therapeutic challenge.
Early childhood malnutrition trajectory and lung function at preadolescence
Authors: Ferdous Farzana , Raqib Rubhana , Ahmed Sultan , Faruque ASG , Chisti Mohammod J , Ekström Eva-Charlotte , Wagatsuma Yukiko 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjective:Chronic undernutrition is a common phenomenon in Bangladesh. However, information is grossly lacking to report the correlation between chronic undernutrition trajectory and lung function in children. The aim of the current study was to understand the association between early-childhood chronic undernutrition trajectory and lung function at preadolescence.Design:The current study is a part of the 9-year follow-up of a large-scale cohort study called the Maternal and Infant Nutrition Interventions in Matlab.Settings:The current study was conducted in Matlab, a sub-district area of Bangladesh that is located 53 km south of the capital, Dhaka.Participants:A total of 517 children participated in lung function measured with a spirometer at the age of 9 years. Weight and height were measured at five intervals from birth till the age of 9 years.Results:Over half of the cohort have experienced a stunting undernutrition phenomenon up to 9 years of age. Children who were persistently or intermittently stunted showed lower forced expiratory volume (ml/s) than normal-stature children (P < 0·05). Children who exhibited catch-up growth throughout 4·5 years from the stunted group showed similar lung function with normal counterparts, and a better lung function than in children with the same growth velocity or who had faltering growth. In the multivariable models, similar associations were observed in children who experienced catch-up growth than their counterparts after adjusting for covariates.Conclusion:Our data suggest that catch-up growth in height during early childhood is associated with a better lung function at preadolescence.
A new method for risk factor assessment of organs at risk including conformity index in radiotherapy treatment plan
Authors: Ansari Shahanawaj , Zope Mukesh Kumar , Yadav Neha 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroduction:A comprehensive analysing method has been required since long in the field of radiotherapy. The basic purpose of all techniques has been to deliver the prescribed dose safely to the target volume containing tumour and as well as to reduce dose to organs at risk (OARs). The detailed comparison between different treatment techniques is very difficult and inexplicit as well. The gradual improvement in imaging software has made easy to users to assess spatial arrangement of tumour, critical organs and isodose lines in the form of a single 3D representation that can be observed from all angles. The conformity index (CI) alone cannot provide practical information about treatment plans as it is a single isodose line quantity.Aim:The aim of this study was to develop a new method to assess the degree of damage numerically for OARs along with CI assessment for the target.Materials and Methods:The radiotherapy plans of 30 patients of different sites, diagnosed as cancer, were selected for this study irrespective of gender. Out of 30 cases, 8 plans were of head and neck, 2 were of glyoblastoma (GBM), 10 were of pelvis, 5 were of left breast and other 5 were of oesophagus cancer. The mean age was 42 years ranging from 31 to 72 years. Patient’s consents were taken before starting the treatment and carried out this research. Risk factor (RF) for OARs depends on volume of irradiation (VVOI), total volume of the organ (VTVO) and tolerance dose (DTDO). All radiotherapy plans (Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT)) were generated using eclipse planning system, version 11.0 (Varian Medical System, Palo Alto, California, USA).Result:The formula developed to assess degree of damage of OARs including CI of the target is risk factor conformity index (RFC) = CI + RF. In head and neck cases, for right parotid, the maximum value of RF is 1·50 and minimum value is observed as 0·97. Optic nerve, brainstem and spinal cord are completely safe as their RF values are found to be 0 on RF scale.Conclusion:RFC is a comprehensive evaluation tool encompassing a wider range of clinically relevant parameters, isodose volumes and tolerance dose of OARs. It is an advance analysing method to check both the qualitative and quantitative nature of a conformal plan, and at the same time, it assesses the degree of damage of OARs.If RF ≥ 1, then OAR will be completely damaged as a result of irradiation.If RF = 0, then OAR will remain safe totally during the course of irradiation.