bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are we cultivating the perfect storm for a human avian influenza pandemic?
Authors: Perez-Acle Tomas , Ravello Cesar , Rosemblatt Mario 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A H5N1 virus in dairy cattle marks a troubling new chapter in the ongoing battle against zoonotic diseases. Since its initial detection in 1955, the H5N1 virus has primarily been associated with poultry, posing significant threats to both animal and human health. However, recent outbreaks in U.S. dairy herds across nine states have revealed an alarming expansion of the virus, with over 190 herds affected as of September 2024. This unprecedented spread in cattle has sparked intense concern among scientists and health officials, especially with reports indicating that up to 20% of dairy products may contain traces of the virus. The implications of the H5N1 virus establishing itself in cattle populations are profound. This potential endemic presence could transform dairy farms into reservoirs of the virus, facilitating its evolution and increasing the risk of human transmission. Mutations enhancing viral replication in mammals have already been identified, including the notorious PB2 E627K mutation linked to increased virulence. Moreover, the detection of the virus in the central nervous system of infected animals, including cats, underscores the broad tissue tropism and severe pathogenic potential of the H5N1 virus. Current containment efforts include stringent biosecurity measures and financial incentives for enhanced testing and personal protective equipment (PPE) for farmers. Yet, gaps in testing infrastructure and the resurgence of raw milk consumption pose significant challenges. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emphasize the critical need for comprehensive testing and pasteurization to mitigate the risk of human infection. As the scientific community races to adapt existing antiviral treatments and develop effective vaccines, the concept of a One Health approach becomes increasingly vital. This holistic strategy calls for coordinated actions across human, animal, and environmental health sectors to preemptively tackle emerging zoonotic threats. Strengthening surveillance, fostering international cooperation, and investing in research are essential steps to prevent the H5N1 virus from igniting the next global health crisis. The current avian influenza outbreak serves as a stark reminder of the delicate balance between human activities and viral evolution. Our collective ability to respond effectively and proactively will determine whether we can avert the perfect storm brewing on the horizon.
Differential cardiac impacts of hematological malignancies and solid tumors: a histopathological and biomarker study
Authors: Udin Michael H. , Sunder Sunitha Shyam , Nepali Sarmila , Kattel Sharma , Abdelradi Amr , Doyle Scott T. , Ionita Ciprian N. , Liu Qian , Sharma Umesh C. , Pokharel Saraswati 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Cancer patients are known to be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. However, no studies have examined the differential impact of hematologic malignancies (HMs) and solid tumors (STs) on cardiac morphology at the tissue level.

Objective
We aimed to examine histopathological features alongside cardiovascular biomarkers in patients with HMs and STs who underwent post-mortem evaluation.

Methods
We analyzed cardiac changes in 198 patients with HMs and 164 patients with solid tumors STs. We compared demographics, echocardiogram data, exposure to various antineoplastic agents, and post-mortem findings. Additionally, cardiac histological validation was conducted on post-mortem cardiac specimens to examine cardiac tissue morphology, focusing on cardiomyocyte nuclear density, collagen content, and collagen fiber orientation.

Results
HM patients displayed significantly disordered collagen fiber alignment (0.71 vs 0.83, P = 0.027), and reduced cardiomyocyte nuclear density (56 vs 72, P = 0.002) compared to ST patients. Similarly, hemoglobin level was decreased (6.71 vs 8.06, P < 0.001) in HM patients compared to ST patients. HM patients also showed elevated B-type natriuretic peptide levels (2,275 vs 867, P < 0.001), without significant differences in creatine-kinase MB and cardiac troponin levels. Multivariate analysis identified increased right ventricular thickness, low diastolic blood pressure, and high cardiac troponin levels as risk factors for cardiac death in HM patients.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that HM patients have fewer cardiomyocyte nuclei and poorly aligned collagen, with serum biomarker evidence of increased cardiac dysfunction. This supports the necessity for specialized cardiac care for these patients.
Cardiovascular mortality trends and disparities in U.S. breast cancer patients, 1999–2020: a population-based retrospective study
Authors: Yeo Yong-Hao , San Boon-Jian , Tan Jia-Yi , Tan Min-Choon , Donisan Teodora , Lee Justin Z. , Franey Laura M. , Hayek Salim S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer survivors face a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to non-breast cancer patients, yet contemporary data on CVD-related mortality within this group remains scarce.

Objective
To investigate trends and disparities in CVD mortality among breast cancer patients.

Methods
We queried the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC Wonder) and conducted serial cross-sectional analyses on national death certificate data for CVD mortality in breast cancer patients aged 25 and above from 1999 to 2020. We calculated age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 100,000 individuals and analyzed trends over time using the Joinpoint Regression Program, with further analyses stratified by age, race, census region, and urbanization level.

Results
A total of 74,733 CVDs with comorbid breast cancer in the United States were identified between 1999 and 2020. The AAMR from CVDs with comorbid breast cancer decreased from 2.57 (95% CI [2.50–2.65]) in 1999 to 1.20 (95% CI [1.15–1.24]) in 2020, with an average annual percent change (AAPC) of − 4.3. The three most common causes of CVDs were ischemic heart disease (47.8%), cerebrovascular disease (17.1%), and hypertensive disease (10.6%). Our analysis revealed a significant decrease in AAMR for all CVD subtypes, except for hypertensive diseases and arrhythmias. The decrease in annual percent change (APC) was more pronounced in individuals aged ≥ 65 years compared to those < 65 years (-4.4, 95%CI [-4.9, -3.9] vs. -2.9, 95%CI [-4.1, -1.7], respectively. Notably, non-Hispanic Blacks consistently exhibited the highest AAMR (1.95, 95%CI [1.90–1.99]), whereas Hispanic or Latina patients had the lowest AAMR (0.75, 95% CI [0.72–0.78]). The AAMR was also higher in rural regions than in urban areas (1.64, 95%CI [1.62–1.67] vs. 1.55, 95%CI [1.53–1.56]).

Conclusion
The study highlights a significant decline in CVD mortality among breast cancer patients over two decades, with persistent disparities by race and region. Exceptionally, hypertensive diseases and arrhythmias did not follow this declining trend.
Role of International Academy of Cytology Yokohama reporting system in breast lesions at tertiary care centre in Central India
Authors: Verma Deepshikha , Newaskar Vedanti , Balani Sharda , Malik Reeni , Khan Arshi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
The International Academy of Cytology (I.A.C.) Yokohama System to report breast cytopathology can effectively categorize breast diseases into different cytological groups. Fine needle aspiration (FNAC) from the lesions in the breast has been regarded as a major method of diagnosing breast cancer, particularly in rural settings. The major purpose of this study was to validate the diagnostic accuracy of breast FNA utilizing the IAC Yokohama system in future endurances. Histopathological examination is considered the gold standard for diagnosing benign as well as malignant breast lesions and is compared with FNA results.

Material and methods
Research on patients getting a core-needle, incisional, or excisional biopsy of breast lesions between January 1st, 2021, and December 31st, 2021, was conducted at a tertiary care center in central India. 216 breast FNAs were recorded utilizing the IAC Yokohama system, and the most appropriate category was assigned for every case and correlated with histopathology to evaluate the effectiveness of IAC system.

Results
The new "International Academy of Cytology (IAC) Yokohama system" was used to categorize 216 patients into five categories based on the cytologic diagnosis.
Those were C1: insufficient material (8.7%), C2: benign (65.7%), C3: atypical (1.8%), C4: suspicious of malignancy (2.7%), and C5: malignant (20.8%). FNACs were associated with ancillary testing and histological diagnosis to examine diagnostic accuracy. The overall Specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value, and accuracy were calculated with the risk of malignancy.

Conclusion
With high specificity and sensitivity for each type of situation, for all tumors, and for each analyzed BI-RADS category, the IAC Yokohama system provides excellent accuracy for breast FNA .
Triple coronary thrombosis: autopsy case and literature review
Authors: Gedich Ekaterina , Waters David M. , Gitto Lorenzo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTriple coronary artery thrombosis is a rare cause of acute myocardial infarction, and is associated with high mortality. Only a few cases of simultaneous multiple-vessel coronary thrombosis have been reported in the medical literature. This paper reports a unique case of sudden cardiac death in 36-year-old man without relevant risk factors who suffered from acute myocardial infarction due to simultaneous triple coronary artery thrombosis. Autopsy and histopathology examinations revealed near-total thrombotic occlusion in all three main coronary arteries. While the exact mechanism behind the simultaneous formation of these thrombi remains unclear, this paper discusses certain risk factors that may contribute to multiple coronary thrombosis. A review of previously reported cases of coronary thrombosis involving all three major coronary arteries in the literature is also provided to contribute to the understanding of this rare and potentially fatal condition. Obtaining a detailed medical and family history, collecting and saving blood samples for potential genetic analyses, and testing for Novel Coronavirus disease could be beneficial in cases of multiple coronary artery thrombosis to detect a potential underlying cause and provide prevention to family members at risk.
Alterations in the metabolic signature of full-term infants of diabetic mothers
Authors: Awad Hesham A. , Gad Ghada I. , Khalifa Ola A. , Ibrahim Amal A. , Shinkar Dina M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Background
Maternal diabetes during pregnancy may alter the metabolomic profile of the offspring, increasing the risk of perinatal complications and potentially predisposing them to adverse metabolic consequences during later life. To assess this risk, we aimed to study the levels of amino acids and acylcarnitines in the cord blood of infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs).

Methods
Fifty term-IDMs were compared to 25 healthy newborns. Of the diabetic mothers, 37 had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and 13 had pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM). Amino acid and acylcarnitine concentrations were measured in dried spot samples of cord blood using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).

Results
We observed significantly higher levels of valine, aspartic acid, the leucine-to-isoleucine (Leu:Ile), and leucine-to-phenylalanine (Leu:Phe), and decreased values of methionine and the phenylalanine-to-tyrosine (Phe:Tyr) in neonates in the GDM group compared to controls. Neonates of mothers with GDM showed higher levels of C2-carnitine, C5-carnitine, C5:1, and C4-OH (C3-DC) compared to controls. Neonates of mothers with PGDM also showed higher levels of C2-carnitine, C0-carnitine, and C5:1 compared to controls. There were no significant differences in amino acids or acylcarnitine levels between IDMs with GDMs and PGDMs. Principle component analysis (PCA) showed that principal component 1 (PC1) was responsible for the majority of differences between IDMs and controls. PC1 consisted of aspartic, valine, leu:lle, C4-OH(C3-DC), C2-carnitine, C0-carinitine, C5-carnitine, C18:1, and C16:1. Variable importance in projection (VIP) scores based on PLS-DA loadings showed high values for aspartic, valine, leu:lle, Leu:Phe, C4-OH(C3-DC), C2-carnitine, C0-carnitine, C5:1, C5-DC, C18:1, C16:1, C5-carnitine in IDMs, and high values for Met:Phe, methionine, and Phe:Tyr in controls.

Conclusion
Maternal diabetes leads to alterations in amino acid concentrations and the carnitine shuttle pathway of their offspring.
Bioanalytical Method Comparison Strategy for Clinical Anti-drug Antibody Immunoassays
Authors: Elliott R. J. , Pourmohamad T. , Webb-Vargas Y. , Yan W. , Nijem I. , Siguenza P. , Song Y. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Per FDA guidance, method comparability should be established if an anti-drug antibody (ADA) assay is run by two or more independent laboratories during a study. Genentech, Inc. is evaluating an immunogenicity risk-based comparability approach consisting of both technical and clinical aspects. Technical comparability of the relative sensitivity (RS) is assessed using the Two One-Sided T-tests (TOST) statistical analysis which evaluates if the difference (in absolute value) of the RS means of the two laboratories is less than a pre-specified level of comparability, the practically significant difference (PSD). Clinical comparability is based on the molecule’s immunogenicity risk. A basic and in-depth assessment for low and high-risk molecules are used, respectively. An alternative strategy for molecules with limited incurred sample availability is to be used. In the basic assessment, samples are either unfortified or fortified with surrogate ADA positive control at method appropriate concentrations in a representative biological matrix. Acceptable comparability requires in both methods i) at least 80% of the unfortified samples screen and confirm negative, ii) at least 90% of the low concentration samples screen and confirm positive; and iii) 100% of the high concentration samples screen and confirm positive. The in-depth assessment uses at least 100 incurred samples from 30 or more ADA-positive and ADA-negative patients. The results are evaluated using a 2 by 2-confusion matrix and Cohen’s Kappa score where 1 indicates perfect agreement. Acceptable comparability requires a Cohen’s Kappa score of greater than 0.40. This strategy allows for a robust technical and clinical method comparability assessment.

Graphical Abstract
The Self-Fashioned Writer’s “Confession”
Authors: Stenstrom Ellen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article brings together two literary icons of personal “confessional” writing, Sylvia Plath and Margery Kempe, to examine—among their other uncanny transhistorical similarities—the way in which both women consciously self-fashioned their personhoods and their afterlives as writers and public figures. It also examines the ethically and affectively complicated dynamics of archival engagement with such fraught figures, reflecting on the author’s own relationship to Plath and the way it has shaped her training as a literary academic. Ultimately, she sees Plath and Kempe as women who dared to “[think their] own story might be meaningful” by actively shaping themselves with the texts they were reading; this not only invites devoted readers to do the same but also suggests that a more confessional mode of criticism may actually be a more ethical way of encountering archives and ethically fraught writers.
Association between Rosacea and Risk Factors - A Literature Review
Authors: Furgalska-Kudła Julia , Suława Adrian , Targoński Oskar , Targońska Marta , Fedorowicz Sebastian , Basiak Aneta , Ptasiński Aleksander , Niekurzak Rafał , Buczek Agnieszka 
Published: December 2024

Introduction and purpose: Rosacea is a common chronic inflammatory disease with four clinical subtypes based on the predominant signs and symptoms. The majority of patients present skin problems like reddening, papules or pustules, swelling of the face and nose, and eye symptoms like dryness, tearing, and redness. Anxiety and depression associated with rosacea deeply affect the quality of patients' lives. Yet, the pathogenesis of rosacea remains poorly understood, with suggestions of involvement from various complex factors like immune dysregulation, genetic factors, neurovascular dysregulation, micro-organisms, and environmental factors as promoting features of rosacea.
Aim of the study: The purpose of this article is to investigate the association between factors like alcohol intake, Helicobacter pylori infection, and cardiovascular diseases and the risk of developing rosacea.
Material and methods: An analysis of papers available in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Springer Link was performed.
Conclusion: The knowledge presented in this review suggests the existence of links between rosacea and various risk factors like alcohol intake, infection of H.pylori, and Cardiovascular diseases. Considering the clinical and pathological differences among rosacea subtypes, it is essential to explore the role of alcohol in each subtype separately. While rosacea may not be directly associated with IHD, stroke, or diabetes, it does show correlations with hypertension and dyslipidemia. Rosacea is significantly associated with a higher prevalence of HP infection, but high-quality prospective studies are needed to ascertain if Helicobacter Pylori is a risk factor for rosacea. Further investigations are warranted to validate these findings and explore underlying mechanisms. The predisposing factors revealed in this study could help us gain insights into rosacea pathophysiology and develop interventions especially targeting modifiable risk factors.
Variasi Klorofil-a di Perairan Sekitar Laut Jawa, Laut Flores, dan Selat Makassar
Authors: Handoko Eko Yuli , Syariz Muhammad Aldila , Hanansyah Megivareza Putri 
Published: December 2024

Laut Jawa, Flores, dan Selat Makassar merupakan daerah pertemuan massa air dan juga merupakan salah satu titik masuk Arus Lintas Indonesia. Massa air tawar dari Samudera Pasifik masuk ke perairan Indonesia melalui Selat Makassar. Tidak hanya itu, wilayah maritim Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh Muson Asia-Australia yang mempengaruhi produktivitas primer di perairan, ditunjukkan dengan variasi klorofil-a. Maka dari itu, perlunya pemahaman tentang dinamika klorofil-a untuk penentuan strategi pengelolaan ekosistem laut yang lebih baik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis variasi klorofil-a di perairan sekitar Laut Jawa, Flores, dan Selat Makassar, serta hubungannya dengan suhu dan salinitas dari tahun 2016-2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan data klorofil-a yang dikumpulkan dari sensor Ocean and Land Color Instrument dari Sentinel-3. Data klorofil-a berasal dari perhitungan algoritma Ocean Color 4 for MERIS untuk jenis perairan case-1. Dari penelitian ini, didapatkan hasil bahwa konsentrasi klorofil-a cenderung tinggi saat periode muson barat bersamaan dengan datangnya musim hujan yang meningkatkan limpasan air sungai. Sebaliknya, konsentrasi klorofil-a di perairan Selatan Jawa hingga Nusa Tenggara cenderung tinggi saat muson timur diikuti dengan penurunan Suhu Permukaan Laut dan kenaikan salinitas permukaan. Pada tahun 2018 dan 2019, terjadinya fenomena El Niño bersamaan dengan fase positif Indian Ocean Dipole mendorong peningkatan klorofil-a. Rata-rata klorofil-a sepanjang tahun 2018 hingga 2019 mencapai 0,71 di Laut Flores dan Selat Makassar, serta 0,73 di Laut Jawa. Penelitian lebih lanjut dengan rentang temporal klorofil-a yang lebih panjang diperlukan agar pengaruh fenomena global dapat terlihat lebih jelas.
Sociodemographic factors, clinical characteristics, outcomes and short-term follow-up in COVID-19 patients with new onset hyperglycemia and pre-existing diabetes on admission in a tertiary-care hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Kakoly Nadira , Hasan S. M. Kamrul , Hoque Mohammad Mahfuzul , Ratul Rifat Hossain , Khan Md. Abdullah Saeed , Mitra Dipak Kumar , Billah Baki 
Published: December 2024

Background
COVID-19 has been linked to hyperglycemia and diabetes, with noteworthy variation in outcomes. This study aimed to compare the sociodemographic factors, clinical characteristics, and in-hospital and short-term post-discharge outcomes between COVID-19 patients with new onset hyperglycemia and pre-existing diabetes patients in tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh.

Methods
A prospective observational study was conducted among adult COVID-19 patients with new onset hyperglycemia or pre-existing diabetes admitted to the COVID-19 unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital between April 2021 and October 2021. Patients were conveniently selected from indoors. Bivariate analysis was used to compare sociodemographic and clinical characteristics at admission and short-term outcomes. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to examine factors associated with time to death in the hospital. All statistical analyses were performed using Stata Version 17.

Results
A total of 169 patients were included. Of these, 29 died in the hospital, and four left against medical advice. Out of the 136 survivors, 135 came for follow-up two weeks after discharge. At baseline, 30.18% of patients had new onset hyperglycemia, and 69.8% had pre-existing diabetes. The average age of patients was 56.38 ± 14.21 years, and 60.36% were male. A significantly higher proportion of COVID-19 patients with new onset hyperglycemia were smokers than those with pre-existing diabetes (p = 0.003). However, pre-existing diabetes was associated with higher lung involvement (p = 0.047) and comorbidities (p = 0.002). Age, income over 35,000 BDT (USD 335.5$), and a BMI over 25 kg/m2 emerged as significant predictors of prolonged hospital stay and mortality. Post-discharge follow-up indicated that new-onset hyperglycemia resolved in 8.89% of patients, whereas 19.26% continued to exhibit hyperglycemia, with smoking being a significant determinant of its persistence (p = 0.001).

Conclusion
In conclusion, our investigation illuminates the clinical trajectory of new-onset hyperglycemia in the context of COVID-19 and reinforces the necessity for diligent monitoring and management post-discharge. Therefore, close monitoring and follow-up of COVID-19 patients is recommended for the early detection and management of hyperglycemia and the prevention of diabetes development in the long run.