bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The level of chemical elements in red and white clover
Authors: Endovicki R V , Sidorova K A , Pashayan S A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The work was carried out in the period from 2012 to 2018 on the basis of apiaries in the South of the Tyumen region, laboratory studies were performed at the Department of anatomy and physiology and in the clinical and diagnostic laboratory Of the Institute of biotechnology and veterinary medicine of the state agrarian University of the Northern TRANS-Urals, as well as in the laboratory of the Novosibirsk Institute of soil science and Agrochemistry SB RAS. The research material was flowers of white and red clover, samples of which were collected in apiaries. The number of the following chemical elements was determined in flower samples: Pb, Co, Ti, Mn, Zr, Zn, Cu, P, Ba, Sr, Ga, Mo, Sn, Sc, Yb, Be, As. The results of the study showed that red and white clover flowers growing under the same conditions showed different storage capacity for chemical elements. Since, in the flowers, the amounts of many minerals: Pb, Co, Mn, Zr, Zn, Cu, Ba, Mo, Sn, Sc and Be, were at different levels. To the rest of the trace elements As, Yb, P, Ti, Ga and Sr, the flowers of these plants showed the same cumulative properties.
Incidence of microorganisms antagonistic to plant pathogenic fungi Bipolaris sorokiniana and Fusarium sp. in different soil communities
Authors: Puchkova E P , Ivchenko V K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The antibiotic activity of conidia germination of the fungi Bipolaris sorokiniana and Fusarium sp. in the culture filtrate of the antagonistic microorganisms identified in different soil communities have been quantitatively assessed. According to the research results, among 54 tested soil bacteria isolates, 26 have manifested a verified antagonistic activity to Bipolaris sorokiniana, 27 – to Fusarium sp. (TIG6), 36 – to Fusarium sp. (Y7ec), 40 – to Fusarium sp. (T2ec), as proven by the results of the mathematical treatment of the collected data (statistical significance p<0.01). It should be noted that the greatest number of the antagonists to plant pathogenic fungi Bipolaris sorokiniana were found in the soil collected from underneath the wheat of the Tulunskaya-12 breed. The maximum number of the organisms antagonistic to fungi Fusarium sp. were found in the soil taken from underneath indoor plants and sod-meadow soil. Preliminary identification of the antagonistic soil bacteria has shown that the majority of the antagonistic bacteria represent the coryneform bacteria, including Arthrobacter sp. and Micobacterium sp., Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp., Actinobacteria group. A cluster and factor analysis of the test cultures by their sensitivity to the culture filtrate of the soil bacteria showed that the greatest similarity in the reaction to the bacterial metabolites is demonstrated by the isolates of Fusarium sp. T2ec and Y7ec. Compared to all isolates of Fusarium sp., Bipolaris sorokiniana show a significantly different reaction to the metabolites produced by soil bacteria. The x2 criterion-based statistic analysis did not show any difference in the incidence of the antagonistic microorganisms in the used test cultures.
The use of ozone-air mixture for the disinfection of milk catheters
Authors: Borkholeeva A V , Budaeva A B , Ochirova L A , Khundanova T L , Dolganova S G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Intracisternal drug treatment of bovine mastitis involves the use of sterile instruments, eliminating re-infection or infection from animal to animal. The use of the ozone-air mixture showed the possibility of effective use for disinfection of milk catheters, work surfaces and instruments made of various materials. The experiments were carried out on metal, wood and plastic test materials and milk catheters. The optimal exposure time for the disinfection of milk catheters and test material made of metal was 30 minutes, of wood - 60 minutes, and of plastic - 70 minutes.
Generalized indicator of adaptation of mobile units to zonal conditions
Authors: Selivanov N I , Averyanov V V , Zaprudsky V N , Kuzmin N V , Makeeva Yu N 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe article discusses the rationale for a generalized indicator of the net productivity of high-speed units in zonal natural and production conditions. Models and an optimization algorithm were compiled for a generalized indicator of the net performance of mobile units for various technological purposes. The optimal value of net productivity was found from the condition of its minimum per unit product of the square of the corresponding operational productivity and coefficient of utilization of the shift time equivalent to the lowest specific energy consumption. According to the results of modeling the influence of natural and production conditions on the optimal adaptation indicator of aggregates, the following was identified: an increase in the length of the head from 200 to 1000 m is accompanied by an increase in the optimal net productivity by 2.0-2.4 times and the corresponding operational productivity by 2.4-2.8 times; a decrease in the energy intensity of the technological operation, determined by the characteristic of the resistivity of the working machine, leads to an increase in the net productivity shown with a simultaneous decrease in the utilization factor of the shift time, regardless of the rut, which determines the nature of the change in operational productivity and the width of the machine at nominal speed. They substantiated the optimal values of the generalized adaptation indicator of mobile units for a set of natural and production conditions, which are the basis of the system for the formation of requirements standards and a qualitative update of the machine and tractor fleet of the agricultural zone, taking into account the achieved level of operational technologies development and the target program for technical support of crop production.
Assessment of the level of development of electric transport
Authors: Morkovkin D E , Stroev P V , Gibadullin A A , Troshin D V , Makar S V , Sadriddinov M I 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
It is substantiated in the work that in recent years, the transition to new technologies, including in the transport sector, has reduced the environmental burden on the environment and can reduce the use of energy resources. As part of the study, an assessment was made of the level of development of electric transport. The work-analyzed indicators reflecting the level of development of public electric transport, because of which it was concluded that until 2016, the development of public electric transport was observed, but today its reduction is observed. The study found that the number of cities using electric transport is insignificant, but reduced. The analyzed volume of electric energy consumption by urban transport remains an uneven trend. The study proposed a model for ensuring the development of electric transport in Russia, because of which stages were, identified that aimed at achieving the research goal.
On the concept and types of harm to the environment
Authors: Scheblyakov E S , Farafontova E L , Kurbatova S M , Rakhinsky D V , Kuzhleva A A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
At present, the problem of compensation for damage caused to the environment by the negative impact of humans and economic entities is one of the most important for all countries of the world, including the Russian Federation. The result of human impact on the environment is climate change, as well as the condition of individual objects of the environment that are essential for human life. Depletion and pollution of the environment are enormous. Forms of human use of environmental objects are becoming more numerous and diverse. No less diverse are the sources of damage. This requires the development of effective legal mechanisms for compensation for damage in order to maintain the familiar state of the environment.
Effective indicators of diesel powered by natural gas and alcohol-fuel emulsions
Authors: Likhanov V A , Lopatin O P 
Published: September 2020

AbstractImproving the fuel and energy performance of internal combustion engines is an urgent task, since the level of air pollution in a number of cities significantly exceeds sanitary standards, and the shortage of fuel resources is increasing. Experience shows that the development of a fundamentally new environmentally friendly and at the same time highly economical engine is associated with deep and long - term research, so according to the accepted methodology for conducting research on the use of natural gas (NG), NG with cooled recirculation (EGR), methanol-(MFE) and ethanol-fuel emulsions (EFE), comparative tests of diesel running on the diesel process (DP), gas-diesel process (GDP), GDP with EGR, MFE and EFE are presented.
Sorption of trichloroethylene under dynamic conditions
Authors: Gorelkina A K , Krasnova T A , Timoshchuk I V , Golubeva N S , Utrobina T A , Dudinskaya T K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The solution to the problem of obtaining water that is safe against organohalogen pollutants, including trichloroethylene, can be the use of adsorption purification methods. For engineering calculations of the treatment plant, adsorption constants, kinetic parameters and dynamic characteristics of the adsorption process are required. It is advisable, at the stage of technology development, to optimize the parameters and modes of the sorption columns using mathematical modeling based on equations of external diffusion dynamics of adsorption.
Development of tractor gas-diesel modifications
Authors: Lopatin O P 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA system for reducing toxicity has been developed that includes the use of compressed natural gas (CNG) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and is intended for both new tractors and those in service. The use of CNG does not require expensive equipment, significant design changes, and re-equipment is possible in specialized workshops of farms and repair and technical enterprises.
Prospects for photostimulation of nisin biosynthesis
Authors: Nogina A A , Diachkova A V , Tikhonov S L , Tikhonova N V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the article was to study the effect of blue spectrum light on the nisin producer Lactobacillus lactis. It was found that photostimulation of a Lactobacillus Lactis culture with blue spectrum light (435-470 nm) with a light flux intensity of 1800 mcd for 50-60 minutes positively affects the activity of nisin (increases by 60.1%), while the titer of the Lactobacillus culture lactis is 2 times higher. At the same time, there is a slight decrease in nisin titer after 24 hours of incubation, which is explained by the peculiarities of nisin biosynthesis: nisin is less active at the beginning of biosynthesis; during the period of the exponential growth phase, an increase in the biosynthesis of nisin is noted; the greatest activity of nisin is noted at the beginning of the stationary phase; nisin synthesis is reduced in the middle of the stationary phase of the cells; self-regulation of nisin synthesis (increased nisin synthesis leads to increased competition for metabolites of the substrate and energy material, nisin molecules act as an external factor that regulates synthesis). Light treatment of the nisin producer Lactobacillus lactis increases its resistance to oxidative stress and enhances its viability. As a result of studies during storage of the Lactobacillus lactis culture in skimmed milk, the positive effect of light on the high preservation of nisin activity was proved. Thus, photostimulation of the bioproducer of nisin - Lactobacillus Lactis culture with blue light with a light flux intensity of 1800 mcd for 50-60 minutes has a positive effect on its viability and allows us to recommend the use of blue light to increase nisin production.
Habitat and Specificity of the Satyridae (Lepidoptera, Satyridae) of Kurgan Oblast
Authors: Khlyzova T A , Kozlov S A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In the South Trans-Urals, the Satyridae family is represented by 24 species, including P. afra and E. medusa, the species listed among the endangered species of Kurgan Oblast. Among the Satyridae inhabiting the region, C. tullia is the only species found in the Holarctic habitat; the rest belong to the Palearctic butterflies. In the region, the majority of the species spend the winter as a larva; two species live through the winter as a pupa. For three species, C. hero, P. afra, and C. persephone, the winter stage has not been found. By the trophic specialization of the larvae, the Satyridae are represented by broadly oligophagous and broadly polyphagous larvae. Based on the emergence timing, the imagoes of the Satyridae living in the South Trans Urals can be divided into three phenological groups: early summer (6 species), summer (15 species) and late summer (1 species). Generally, the Satyridae fauna of the region can be referred to as inhabitant in the forest-steppe area. By the landscape and biotopic allocation, the Satyridae of the region can be conventionally divided into four ecological groups: the inhabitants of the pine and small-leaved forests, the inhabitants of the forest-outlier and meadow landscape, inhabitants of the steppe-heaths and eurybionts. The greatest diversity of the species was found in the open space fauna (clearcuts and forest openings) of the pine and small-leaved forests. The similarity of the species composition of the Satyridae inhabitant in the forest-outlier and steppe landscapes constitutes 53%. This is explained, first of all, by the abundance of the Poaceae being the fodder plans of the caterpillars for the majority of the species.
Analytical processing of experimental results for determining the particle size of soot in various parts of the diesel exhaust system
Authors: Likhanov V A , Rossokhin A V 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we consider methods for processing experimental data regarding the determination of the sizes of soot particles selected in the exhaust system, as well as their size distribution in order to find the relationship between the sizes of soot particles and their shares in the total particle array. Corresponding data on the distribution of soot particles by size for an automobile diesel engine of dimension 4CHN 11,0/12,5 are presented, mathematical dependencies describing this distribution are established.
Features of calculating the ignition delay period
Authors: Chuvashev A N , Anfilatov A A 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecently, the problem of expanding the raw material base of automobile fuels and at the same time reducing their negative impact on the environment through the use of non-traditional or alternative fuels has become acute. Among them, compressed natural gas and alcohols are most popular in road transport. Vyatka agricultural Academy continues to study the impact of alcohol consumption in diesels when they are fed using a dual fuel supply system. Despite the fact that the ignition delay period takes up a small fraction of the operating cycle and in diesels is only a few milliseconds, the value of this parameter in providing the required efficient and environmentally friendly characteristics of piston engines is huge. The calculation of the ignition delay period when working on alternative fuels is particularly relevant. The article presents a method for calculating the ignition delay period when working on alcohol.
Model of soot formation and burning in the cylinder of a dimension 4 H 11.0 / 12.5 diesel engine
Authors: Chuprakov A I , Toropov A E , Grebnev A V 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBased on the research work on the use of various alcohols as an alternative motor fuel for various internal combustion engines, a number of conclusions were drawn on the stages of formation of the main combustion products. This article presents a part of theoretical studies when using methyl alcohol in the form of a fuel emulsion as an alternative motor fuel. One of the most dangerous toxic components of liquid fuel combustion products is soot. Therefore, it is necessary to find ways to reduce its content. To do this, you need to know the methods and stages of soot formation, which affect the final concentration by weight. The most important task can be called the determination of the prevailing mechanisms of the appearance of soot in the combustion of liquid fuels in the cylinders of engines. A variable zonal model of soot formation in a 4 H 11.0 / 12.5 high-speed diesel engine is presented when working on an alternative emulsified alcohol fuel - methanol-fuel emulsion. The stages of the formation of carbon particles during the oxidation of fuel inside the cylinder are considered.
Experimental determination of the performance of a diesel engine using compressed natural gas under various load conditions
Authors: Araslanov M I 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe paper presents the results of bench tests of a four-cylinder diesel engine D-245.12C, in which the indicators of fuel combustion in the engine cylinder and the processes characterizing the heat release in this case were studied. The studies were carried out in a comparative way, since we were interested in how these indicators would change when the engine was converted to a new type of fuel. The entire range of engine load changes is considered - from minimum to maximum, the necessary calculations are carried out, recommendations are given on adjusting and loading modes that allow introducing the proposed type of fuel and the engines running on it into production. Two values of the rotational speed of the crankshaft were taken as the calculated ones: the frequency corresponding to the nominal rotation frequency and the rotation frequency corresponding to the maximum torque mode, 2400 and 1900 rpm, respectively. The results are shown in graphical form and allow you to evaluate the change in the main parameters depending on the change in load.
Triboelectric Nanogenerator technology potential in agricultural LED lighting
Authors: Bamatov Ibragim M , Bamatov M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Nanogenerator Technology is gaining more and more popularity among the scientist society. The triboelectric nanogenerators in particular already are used in different industries. The aim of the work was to see the achievements in the field, and what the state of art of triboelectric technology can offer to solve some of the problems agriculture industry is facing today. A way to implement the technology to a greenhouse was introduced in the work, to reduce the cost for the usage of LED lighting in the greenhouse. It was calculated that triboelectric nanogenerator system that is a kilometre long and a metre wide can potentialy support LED lighting in a greenhouse with an actual area of coverage of more than 650 hectares. The actual numbers are expected to be very different since there are no evidences of the technology being implemented at this stage of its development into the agriculture as a LED energy source. The system was suggested to be made near a busy motor way to convert the kinetic energy of the cars into the electrical power. The system is expected to have many advantages over the conventional electromagnetic power generating system, but due to obvious disadvantages of the dependence of the energy generated on the traffic, the technology is suggested best to be used in combination with electricity from public network.
To the problem of the natural environment quality in the oil storage and transshipment facilities zones of influence
Authors: Sedusova E V , May I V , Kleyn S V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The oil storage and transhipment are usually located outside the boundaries of settlements, often on agricultural lands. Environmental pollution will inevitably have a negative impact on land productivity and products quality. The study deals with the problem of atmospheric air and soil quality in the impact zones of objects of storage and oil reloading. It is established that the quality of atmospheric air and soil in the zones of influence of such facilities does not meet the environmental legislation requirements. The main sources of environmental pollution are: the reservoirs of raw materials and final products, pumping station pumps and place of the final product loading in automotive, rail tank cars and other containers. The priority pollutants include hydrogen sulfide, phenol, benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, xylenes, mercaptans, saturated hydrocarbons C1-C5 and C6-C10. It is established that the greatest threat of the environment pollution is: the imported product low quality; a legacy hardware design of the petroleum products storage and handling, improper waste management. Economic subjects recommended to organize the incoming quality control of oil confirmation of compliance of its members with supporting documents. In terms of improving the hardware design of the technological process is proposed: application of loopback vapors during road tankers discharge, creating a covered loading with an oil overload from storage tanks to rail tank cars, the use of nitrogen cushions or pontoons in oil storage, the use of modern technologies of storage and/or disposal of oil sludge liquidation and sludge pits recultivation.
Features of soybean seed production of the northern ecotype at the first stages
Authors: Mikhaylova N , Fadeev A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Chuvash Research Agricultural Institute - Branch of “Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N. V. Rudnitskogo”, has developed new scientific approaches to the selection of source material in the primary stages of seed production of soybean varieties of the Northern ecotype for soil and climatic conditions in the southern part of the Volga-Vyatka region of Russia. In primary seed nurseries, the selection scheme and the degree of rejection of plants are presented. The concept of primary seed production of modern varieties of the Chuvash Research Agricultural Institute is based on reducing the number of generations and is based on the characteristics of varieties of the Northern ecotype.
Asymmetry and shape in leaf blade red clover
Authors: Baranov S G , Vinokurov I Y , Zykov I E , Fedorova L V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The plastic variability, shape and asymmetry of the leaf plates of meadow clover (Trifolium pratense L) depending on various doses of fertilizer and soil cultivation methods were studied. A correlation between the index of plastic variability and the value fluctuating asymmetry was obtained (r = 0.23-0.63; p <0.05). Using the geometric morphometrics, the presence of directional asymmetry was confirmed, and a highly statistically significant variation in the shape of the sheet plate was obtained. In only one sample, a pure fluctuating asymmetry was obtained; in remain cases – a mixture of two types of asymmetry. The authors explain the effect of the declining developmental stability by a low dose of fertilizer, as well as a crop rotation scheme with a relatively low content of trace elements in the soil. A high dole of directional asymmetry verified the influence of genotypic variation on the asymmetry and shape of leaf blade and, therefore, a high dependence of phenotypic variation on the genotype.