bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Brief Educational Intervention Enhances Basic Cancer Literacy Among Kentucky Middle and High School Students
Authors: Hudson Lauren , Samons Kerrigan M. , Dicken Haley E. , Prichard Chris , Weiss L. Todd , Edward Jean , Vanderpool Robin C. , Vanderford Nathan L. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractKentucky experiences the highest overall cancer incidence and mortality rates in the USA with the greatest burden in the eastern, Appalachian region of the state. Cancer disparities in Kentucky are driven in part by poor health behaviors, poverty, lack of health care access, low education levels, and low health literacy. Individuals with inadequate health literacy are less likely to participate in preventive measures such as obtaining screenings and making healthy lifestyle choices, thus increasing their chances of developing and dying from cancer. By increasing cancer literacy among youth and adults, it may be possible to decrease cancer disparities across Kentucky. This study aimed to establish connections with middle and high schools in Kentucky that would facilitate pilot implementation of a brief cancer education intervention and assessment of cancer health literacy among these student populations. A baseline pretest cancer literacy survey consisting of 10 items was given to 349 participants, followed by the delivery of a cancer education presentation. Immediately following the presentation, participants were given a posttest with identical items to the pretest. Participants were primarily Caucasian (89.4%), female (68.7%), and in 10th through 12th grade (80.5%). Significant (p < 0.0001) increases in both average and median percent of correctly marked items were observed between the pretest and posttest (average, pretest = 56% versus posttest = 85%; median, pretest = 60% versus posttest = 90%). The scores for all individual items increased after the brief intervention. The results demonstrated a significant increase in cancer literacy levels immediately after the pilot educational intervention. We suggest that it may be possible to improve cancer literacy rates in Kentucky by integrating cancer education into middle and high school science and/or health education curricula. This could ultimately drive changes in behaviors that may help lower cancer incidence and mortality rates. Plans for future interventional studies measuring long-term cancer knowledge retention and resultant behavioral changes among middle and high school students as well as the feasibility of integrating cancer education into middle and high school curricula are also discussed.
Defluoridation of drinking water using coalesced and un-coalesced mica
Authors: Hussein Idd Ally , Vegi Maheswara Rao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis is a sorption study that focused on the use of mica clay mineral grouped into mica untreated, activated mica at 800 °C, mica impregnated separately with iron and aluminium for defluoridation of water. In this study, characterization of adsorbent was done by using XRF and XRD and quantification of fluoride by using fluoride ion selective electrode. Characterization of adsorbent showed the presence of SiO2, CaO, P2O5, Fe2O3 and Al2O3 in the adsorbent. XRD exhibited higher composition of illite, calcite, quartz and albite. Batch experiments were conducted by using a homogeneous mixture of water having 16 mg/L of fluoride. The removal efficiencies of mica alone, activated mica at 800 °C, mica impregnated with iron and mica impregnated with aluminium were found to be 76.02%, 90.21%, 94.40% and 96.88%, respectively. Activated mica and coalesced mica are better adsorbents than mica alone. The optimized pHs were 7.3, 4.4, 7.5, doses of 10, 9 and 8 g, contact time of 40, 35 and 30 min for activated mica, mica impregnated with iron and mica impregnated with aluminium, respectively. The adsorption process obeyed Freundlich model for mica impregnated with aluminium indicating monolayer mechanism, whereas activated mica and mica impregnated with iron agreed with both Freundlich and Langmuir models indicating both monolayer homogeneous and heterogeneous surface conditions. From the kinetic perspective, the fluoride adsorptive reaction followed the pseudo-second-order model. Therefore, activated and modified mica are alternative adsorbents for defluoridation of water.
Sea-level rise projections for Sweden based on the new IPCC special report: The ocean and cryosphere in a changing climate
Authors: Hieronymus Magnus , Kalén Ola 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNew sea-level rise projections for Sweden are presented. Compared to earlier projections, we have here, more carefully, taken regional variations in sea-level rise into consideration. The better treatment of regional variations leads to lower sea-level rise projections for Sweden. However, recent research has also shown that Antarctic ice loss, in high emission scenarios, could be greater than what was believed earlier. Taking also this into account, we find a near cancellation between the increased Antarctic contribution and the decrease owing to the better treatment of spatial inhomogeneities. Sweden’s sensitivity to melt from Antarctica and Greenland is also estimated using a new set of sea-level fingerprint kernels, and the sensitivity to melt from Greenland is found to be weak. To illustrate the influence mean sea-level rise has on extreme sea levels, it is also shown how the return period of sea-level extremes changes as a function of time owing to mean sea-level rise in the different projections.
Synthesis, Structure, and Ferroelectricity of a Kaolinite-p--Aminobenzamide Intercalation Compound
Authors: Zhao Shun-Ping , Guo Yu , Zhu Miao-Miao , Wang Jie , Feng Xiao-Liang , Qiao Qiao , Xu Heng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe construction of organic-inorganic hybrid ferroelectric materials with larger, high-polarity guest molecules intercalated in kaolinite (K) faces difficulties in terms of synthesis and uncertainty of structure-property relationships. The purpose of the present study was to optimize the synthesis method and to determine the mechanism of ferroelectric behavior of kaolinite intercalated with p-aminobenzamide (PABA), with an eye to improving the design of intercalation methods and better utilization of clay-based ferroelectric materials. The K-PABA intercalation compound (chemical formula Al2Si2O5(OH)4∙(PABA)0.7) was synthesized in an autoclave and then characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results showed that PABA expanded the kaolinite interlayer from 7.2 Å to 14.5 Å, and the orientation of the PABA molecule was ~70° from the plane of the kaolinite layers. The amino group of the PABA molecule was close to the Si sheet. The presence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between kaolinite and PABA and among PABA molecules caused macro polarization of K-PABA and dipole inversion under the external electric field, resulting in K-PABA ferroelectricity. Simulation calculations using the Cambridge Sequential Total Energy Package (CASTEP) and the ferroelectricity test revealed the optimized intercalation model and possible ferroelectric mechanism.
The first specimen ofDeinotherium indicum(Mammalia, Proboscidea, Deinotheriidae) from the late Miocene of Kutch, India
Authors: Singh Ningthoujam Premjit , Jukar Advait M. , Patnaik Rajeev , Sharma K. Milankumar , Singh Nongmaithem Amardas , Singh Yumlembam Priyananda 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDeinotheriidae Bonaparte, 1845 is a family of browsing proboscideans that were widespread in the Old World during the Neogene. From Miocene deposits in the Indian subcontinent, deinotheres are known largely from dental remains. Both large and small species have been described from the region. Previously, only small deinothere species have been identified from Kutch in western India. In the fossiliferous Tapar beds in Kutch, dental remains have been referred to the small speciesDeinotherium sindienseLydekker, 1880, but the specimens are too fragmentary to be systematically diagnostic. Here, we describe a large p4 of a deinothere from the Tapar beds and demonstrate that it is morphologically most similar toDeinotherium indicumFalconer, 1845, a large species of deinothere, thereby confirming the identity of deinotheres at Tapar.Deinotherium indicumfrom Tapar is larger than other deinotheres identified from Kutch and is the first occurrence of the species in the region. This new specimen helps constrain the age of the Tapar beds to the Tortonian and increases the biogeographic range of this species—hitherto only known from two localities on the subcontinent. This specimen also highlights the morphological diversity of South Asian deinothere p4s and allows us to reassess dental apomorphies used to delimit Indian deinothere species. Lastly, we argue that by the late Miocene, small deinotheres in Kutch were replaced by the largeDeinotherium indicum.
Abdication and Regency: The Siamese monarchy 1935–46
Authors: LOCKHART BRUCE M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe abdication of Prajadhipok, King of Siam, in 1935 marked the end of the reign of the country's last absolute ruler and brought a young prince, Ananda Mahidol, to the throne in his place. Over the next decade, Ananda would rule in absentia as he grew up in Switzerland, leaving the regime considerable latitude to consolidate its authority over the monarchy and royal affairs. This article looks at three aspects of this period: the abdication as triumph of the authority of the Constitution over that of the king; the succession to the throne of a branch of the royal family that would otherwise have been bypassed; and the extended regency, which sanctioned rather than resisted the strengthening of government control over the monarchy.
A tree species with an extremely small population: recategorizing the Critically Endangered Acer yangbiense
Authors: Tao Lidan , Han Chunyan , Song Kun , Sun Weibang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAcer yangbiense Y.S. Chen & Q.E. Yang (Aceraceae) is a threatened tree species endemic to China, formerly presumed to have declined to only five extant individuals, restricted to Yangbi County, Yunnan Province. Our surveys in 2016, however, located 577 individuals in 12 localities, but only three localities (with a total of 62 individuals) are protected. Nine localities are on private forest land. The population's size structure is an inverse J-curve, but there is a scarcity of trees of the smallest size class and of seedlings. Our surveys also showed that the habitat of A. yangbiense is degraded as a result of the negative effects of agriculture, logging and wood harvesting. Assessment with the IUCN Red List categories and criteria indicates that A. yangbiense should be recategorized from Critically Endangered to Endangered.
Aeromagnetic Anomalies in Central Yarlung‐Zangbo Suture Zone (Southern Tibet) and Their Geological Origins
Authors: Wang Jie , Yao Changli , Li Zelin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTwo subparallel east‐west trending linear aeromagnetic anomalies are observed along the central Yarlung‐Zangbo suture zone in southern Tibet. The Yarlung‐Zangbo suture zone represents the boundary of the Eurasian and Indian plates and records the subduction of the Neo‐Tethyan oceanic slab and subsequent continental collision. The two magnetic lineaments are spatially associated with the Gangdese batholith and Xigaze ophiolites, which are separated by the Xigaze fore‐arc basin that is filled with nonmagnetic sedimentary sequences. The Mesozoic‐Cenozoic Gangdese batholith is characterized by widespread I‐type granitoids. The Xigaze ophiolites are dominated by serpentinized mantle peridotites. To investigate the geological origins and deep structures of the magnetic sources of the two magnetic lineaments, a 3‐D inversion of aeromagnetic anomaly data was undertaken. By analyzing our inversion model and further magnetic modeling, it is proposed that the Gangdese batholith has a magmatic root with higher magnetization than the exposed granitoids, indicating that the deeper part of the Gangdese batholith may contain more mafic constituents than the shallow part. The subsurface part of the Xigaze ophiolites resembles a thin slab dipping to the south, implying that the deep‐seated Xigaze ophiolites are also serpentinized and retain complete structure.
Magma Intrusion and Volatile Ascent Beneath Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park
Authors: Wicks C. W. , Dzurisin D. , Lowenstern J. B. , Svarc J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRecent activity has provided new insights into the causes of surface deformation in and around the Yellowstone Caldera, a topic that has been debated since the discovery of caldera floor uplift more than four decades ago. An episode of unusually rapid uplift (>15 cm/yr) centered near Norris Geyser Basin along the north caldera rim began in late 2013 and continued until a Mw 4.9 earthquake on 30 March 2014; thereafter, uplift abruptly switched to subsidence. Uplift at rates of several centimeters per year resumed in 2016 and continued at least through the end of 2018. Modeling of Global Positioning System and interferometric synthetic aperture radar data suggests an evolving process of deep magma intrusion during 1996–2001 followed by volatile ascent and accumulation at shallow levels, perhaps as shallow as a few hundred meters depth. The depth of shallow volatile accumulation appears to have shallowed from the 2014 to the 2016 deformation episode, and frequent eruptions of Steamboat Geyser since March 2018 are likely a surface manifestation of this ongoing process. Hydrothermal explosion features are prominent in the Norris Geyser Basin area, and the apparent shallow nature of the volatile accumulation implies an increased risk of hydrothermal explosions.
Iron competition triggers antibiotic biosynthesis in Streptomyces coelicolor during coculture with Myxococcus xanthus
Authors: Lee Namil , Kim Woori , Chung Jinkyoo , Lee Yongjae , Cho Suhyung , Jang Kyoung-Soon , Kim Sun Chang , Palsson Bernhard , Cho Byung-Kwan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Microbial coculture to mimic the ecological habitat has been suggested as an approach to elucidate the effect of microbial interaction on secondary metabolite biosynthesis of Streptomyces. However, because of chemical complexity during coculture, underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we found that iron competition triggered antibiotic biosynthesis in Streptomyces coelicolor during coculture with Myxococcus xanthus. During coculture, M. xanthus enhanced the production of a siderophore, myxochelin, leading M. xanthus to dominate iron scavenging and S. coelicolor to experience iron-restricted conditions. This chemical competition, but not physical contact, activated the actinorhodin biosynthetic gene cluster and the branched-chain amino acid degradation pathway which imply the potential to produce precursors, along with activation of a novel actinorhodin export system. Furthermore, we found that iron restriction increased the expression of 21 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (smBGCs) in other Streptomyces species. These findings suggested that the availability for key ions stimulates specific smBGCs, which had the potential to enhance secondary metabolite biosynthesis in Streptomyces.
Polymerase independent repression of FoxO1 transcription by sequence-specific PARP1 binding to FoxO1 promoter
Authors: Tian Yu-Nan , Chen Hua-Dong , Tian Chang-Qing , Wang Ying-Qing , Miao Ze-Hong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPoly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) regulates gene transcription in addition to functioning as a DNA repair factor. Forkhead box O1 (FoxO1) is a transcription factor involved in extensive biological processes. Here, we report that PARP1 binds to two separate motifs on the FoxO1 promoter and represses its transcription in a polymerase-independent manner. Using PARP1-knock out (KO) cells, wild-type-PARP1-complemented cells and catalytic mutant PARP1E988K-reconstituted cells, we investigated transcriptional regulation by PARP1. PARP1 loss led to reduced DNA damage response and ~362-fold resistance to five PARP inhibitors (PARPis) in Ewing sarcoma cells. RNA sequencing showed 492 differentially expressed genes in a PARP1-KO subline, in which the FoxO1 mRNA levels increased up to more than five times. The change in the FoxO1 expression was confirmed at both mRNA and protein levels in different PARP1-KO and complemented cells. Moreover, exogenous PARP1 overexpression reduced the endogenous FoxO1 protein in RD-ES cells. Competitive EMSA and ChIP assays revealed that PARP1 specifically bound to the FoxO1 promoter. DNase I footprinting, mutation analyses, and DNA pulldown FREP assays showed that PARP1 bound to two particular nucleotide sequences separately located at −813 to −826 bp and −1805 to −1828 bp regions on the FoxO1 promoter. Either the PARPi olaparib or the PARP1 catalytic mutation (E988K) did not impair the repression of PARP1 on the FoxO1 expression. Exogenous FoxO1 overexpression did not impair cellular PARPi sensitivity. These findings demonstrate a new PARP1-gene promoter binding mode and a new transcriptional FoxO1 gene repressor.
Quasi-periodic ripples in high latitude electron content, the geomagnetic field, and the solar wind
Authors: Birch M. J. , Hargreaves J. K. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study we present evidence for the existence of quasi-periodic ripples in the F-region electron content at high latitude, the magnetic flux density at geosynchronous orbit, and the solar wind dynamic pressure and IMF flux density at L1. The ripples are shown to be continually present during all 14 days of observations in different years and seasons, and at all local times, though they are generally small in magnitude relative to the background. The frequencies of all the parameters are, on average, remarkably similar, and the amplitudes of the selected peaks of some parameters show strong correlations for which regression formulae are given. These results support the proposition that the ripples propagate from the solar wind to the F-region, and that they are a related, persistent phenomenon.
Prognostic impact of PD-L1 expression in correlation with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in squamous cell carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Tashima Yuko , Kuwata Taiji , Yoneda Kazue , Hirai Ayako , Mori Masataka , Kanayama Masatoshi , Imanishi Naoko , Kuroda Koji , Ichiki Yoshinobu , Tanaka Fumihiro 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe prognostic impact of tumoral programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in correlation with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was retrospectively assessed in 83 patients with completely resected stage I squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, as PD-L1 is a potent regulator of cancer immunity and NLR is a potential surrogate of immune status. Forty-three patients (51.8%) had tumor with positive PD-L1 expression. There was no significant correlation between PD-L1 expression and NLR. PD-L1-positivity failed to provide a significant prognostic impact (overall survival [OS] rate at 5 years, 53.0% in PD-L1-positive patients versus 70.1% in PD-L1-negative patients; P = 0.117). Among NLR-low (<2.2) patients, however, PD-L1-positivity was significantly correlated with a poor prognosis (OS rate at 5 years, 46.1% versus 86.0%; P = 0.020). In contrast, among NLR-high (≥2.2) patients, PD-L1-positivity provided no prognostic impact (P = 0.680). When NLR status and tumoral PD-L1 status were combined, “NLR-low and PD-L1-negative” was a significant and independent factor to predict a favorable recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.237 [95% confidence interval, 0.083 to 0.674]; P = 0.007) and OS (hazard ratio, 0.260 [0.091 to 0.745]; P = 0.012). These results suggest the prognostic impact of tumoral PD-L1 expression might be influenced by the status of NLR.
Shotgun proteomics, in-silico evaluation and immunoblotting assays for allergenicity assessment of lesser mealworm, black soldier fly and their protein hydrolysates
Authors: Leni Giulia , Tedeschi Tullia , Faccini Andrea , Pratesi Federico , Folli Claudia , Puxeddu Ilaria , Migliorini Paola , Gianotten Natasja , Jacobs Johan , Depraetere Stefaan , Caligiani Augusta , Sforza Stefano 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSince 2018, insects have belonged the category of Novel Foods and the presence of allergens represents one of the main hazards connected to their consumption, also due to the potential cross-reactivity with Arthropoda pan-allergens. In the present work, the allergenicity assessment of black soldier fly and lesser mealworm was performed with a shotgun bottom-up proteomic approach combined with in-silico assessment, followed by IgG- and IgE-immunoblotting experiments. The peptides identified, filtered for their abundance and robustness, belonged mainly to muscle proteins, which represented the most abundant protein group. The relevant potential allergens were in-silico identified by sequence similarity to known allergens, and among them tropomyosin resulted the most abundant insect allergen. IgG-immunoblotting analysis with anti-Tropomyosin I antibodies and IgE-immunoblotting assay with serum from patient allergic to crustacean tropomyosin were performed in order to assess the immunoreactivity in both insects. The immunoassays were carried out also on protein hydrolysates extracted by treating insects with Protease from Bacillus licheniformis (1%, 60 °C, pH 7.5). While IgG-immunoblotting demonstrated the loss of immunoreactivity for both hydrolysates, IgE-immunoblotting showed a partial immunoreactivity preservation, also after hydrolysis, in the case of black soldier fly hydrolysate, and a total loss of immunoreactivity for lesser mealworm hydrolysate
Effects of elevational range shift on the morphology and physiology of a carabid beetle invading the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands
Authors: Ouisse T. , Day E. , Laville L. , Hendrickx F. , Convey P. , Renault D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractClimatic changes can induce geographic expansion and altitudinal shifts in the distribution of invasive species by offering more thermally suitable habitats. At the remote sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands, the predatory insect Merizodus soledadinus (Coleoptera: Carabidae), introduced in 1913, rapidly invaded coastal habitats. More recent colonisation of higher elevation habitats by this species could be underlain by their increased thermal suitability as the area has warmed. This study compared the effect of elevational range shift on the morphology and physiology of adult M. soledadinus sampled along two altitudinal transects (from the foreshore to 250 m a.s.l.) and a horizontal lowland transect orthogonal to the seashore (400 m length). Although high inter-individual and inter-transect variations in the traits examined were present, we observed that body mass of males and females tended to decrease with elevation, and that triglyceride contents decreased with distance from the shore. Moreover, protein contents of females as well as those of 26 metabolites were influenced significantly by distance to the foreshore. These results suggest that future climate change at the Kerguelen Islands will further assist the colonisation of lowland inland and higher altitude habitats by this aggressively invasive predator, by making previously sub-optimal habitats progressively more suitable.