bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leadership Matters: Needs Assessment and Framework for the International Federation for Emergency Medicine Administrative Leadership Curriculum
Authors: Tupesis Janis P. , Lin Janet , Nicks Brett , Chiu Arthur , Arbalaez Christian , Wai Abraham , Jouriles Nic 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe objective was to research and develop a novel curriculum on administrative leadership development within the discipline of emergency medicine (EM) with the goal of establishing and implementing it through the world's EM professional organizations.MethodsFrom 2016 to 2018 an assessment of different administrative and leadership programs was performed by researching and reviewing previously outlined curricula. Using the data from this assessment, a questionnaire was developed, that was subsequently sent to members of the International Federation for Emergency Medicine's (IFEM) listserv.ResultsA total of 377 people from 38 different countries participated in the survey. The majority of respondents identified themselves as EM specialists (81%, 306/377), while others identified themselves as EM resident physicians (9.5%, 36/377) and non‐EM specialist physicians (4.5%, 17/377). A large majority of respondents articulated that there was a paucity of developed curricula focusing on leadership, administrative, and management principles within their institution, training program, or professional organization. Across all topic areas, fewer than 30% of polled individuals indicated that they had formal education related to individual and programmatic leadership development, change management, assessment methodology, negotiation skills, financial analysis, media relations, and health care policy. Quality improvement (QI) was the only curricular element that a majority of respondents had integrated into their clinical practice (61%). Qualitative data analysis of the narrative comments was performed with further evaluation of thematic components.ConclusionsThe results of this study further support the findings that the majority of EM providers queried do not have a longitudinal curriculum that fosters administrative and leadership development nor advocate for its importance in relation to the quality of care. Given this gap, we propose that medical education at all levels—medical schools, EM resident/specialty training programs, and professional organizations—should consider creating administrative and leadership development programs. Additionally, development of any curriculum should require a global understanding of health care systems and awareness of the unique contexts of a given location and its available resources.
Soil fertility, crop nutrition, and cropping systems: Research for Mediterranean dryland agriculture
Authors: Ryan John 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe mission of the Consortium on Global International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) is to reduce poverty and enhance food, water, nutritional security, and environmental health in the face of global challenges, including climate change. It operates worldwide through a network of 15 international research centers. One of these institutions, The International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA) has focused on dryland agriculture in the Mediterranean region, specifically in West Asia–North Africa (WANA). Soil fertility, agronomy, and crop nutrition were key areas of its research program. This mini review highlights the research achievements at ICARDA with respect to nitrogen, phosphorus, micronutrients, nutrient dynamics, fertilizer use, soil testing, sustainable cropping and/or crop rotations, and conservation tillage. Despite the destruction of the Center's headquarters in the ongoing civil war and its dispersion in the region, the legacy of ICARDA will survive through documentation of its research in the international literature.
Simulating impacts of nitrogen fertilization using DAYCENT to optimize economic returns and environmental services from bioenergy sorghum production
Authors: Wang Yong , Dou Fugen , Paustian Keith H. , Del Grosso Stephen J. , Storlien Joseph O. , Wight Jason P. , Hons Frank M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractInappropriate nitrogen (N) fertilization rate could cause yield and economic losses and negative environmental impacts. This study was conducted to explore optimum N rate for a promising biofuel crop ‐ bioenergy sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. The biogeochemical model, DAYCENT, was verified with an eight‐year field trial and then used to simulate the long‐term (35 years) effects of N fertilization on aboveground biomass carbon (C), soil organic C (SOC), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Associated with the simulated metrics, N use efficiency (NUE), net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and net economic return to N (RTN) were calculated to determine the optimum N rate. The model was capable of reproducing the field measurements with r2 of 0.57, 0.47, 0.55, and 0.34 for aboveground biomass C, SOC, CO2, and N2O, respectively. Projection with 0–350 kg N ha−1 fertilization in increments of 70 kg N ha−1 indicated positive responses of aboveground biomass C and SOC to increasing N but with little increase above 140 kg N ha−1. Declining NUE and increasing net GHG emission at field scale were predicted as N rate increased. When considering GHG mitigation from fossil fuel replacement, net GHG emission decreased first and leveled off at a N rate of 70–140 kg N ha−1 before increasing. Net economic RTN increased first and peaked when N rate was around 140 kg N ha−1 before decreasing. Fertilization at 140 kg N ha−1 was found to be optimal when using both GHG mitigation and economic criteria.
Speech and language development in children with 49,XXXXYsyndrome
Authors: Samango‐Sprouse Carole A. , Lasutschinkow Patricia C. , McLeod Michael , Porter Grace F. , Powell Sherida , St. Laurent Jillyan , Sadeghin Teresa , Gropman Andrea L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract49,XXXXY is the rarest X and Y chromosomal variation and is frequently characterized by expressive and receptive language dysfunction, low muscle tonus, and intellectual deficits. Due to the low incidence of this disorder, comprehensive studies analyzing the specific aspects of the speech and language phenotype in these boys have been uncommon. This is the first in‐depth investigation of the speech and language profiles in a large cohort of boys with 49,XXXXY. Based on the clinical judgment of speech and language pathologists, there was an increased incidence (91.8%) of Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS), which has not been previously described in this disorder. In preschool boys, some significant differences were demonstrated between boys who received early hormonal treatment (n = 16) and untreated boys (n = 4) on the language scales (p = .047) on the Bayley Scales of Infants and Toddlers, as well as significant differences between treated (n = 13) and untreated boys (n = 8) on the Expressive One Word Picture Vocabulary Test (p = .008). No significant differences between treatment groups were found in school age children, however, treated groups demonstrated less discrepancies between expressive and receptive language. More research and larger samples are needed to determine the extent of the impact of testosterone treatment on boys with 49,XXXXY. This study identifies CAS as a potential explanation for the significant expressive language dysfunction and subsequent behavioral dysfunction. These findings may assist in facilitating more targeted treatment and improved outcomes for boys with 49,XXXXY.
Effect of aqueous electrolytes on the supercapacitive performance of glycol‐mediated CoFe2O4 nanoparticles
Authors: Rani Barkha , Sahu Niroj Kumar 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGlycol‐mediated facile solvothermal process for synthesis of mesoporous cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) is reported. The structure, surface functionalization and morphology of the prepared sample are characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The role of the electrolyte on the charge‐storage performance of the CoFe2O4 NPs is investigated in detail by performing cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic stability tests in neutral (3M Na2SO4) and alkaline (3M KOH) aqueous electrolytes. The electrochemical activity of inverse spinel CoFe2O4 can be tuned with the electrolytes. It possesses specific capacitance (Csp) of 477 and 176 F/g in alkaline and neutral aqueous media respectively at a scan rate of 2 mV/s. The sample shows better performance in KOH electrolyte because of the smaller size of solvated ions whereas possesses better rate capability in the neutral electrolyte. Significant Coulombic efficiency of 97% is observed in alkaline medium with a rise in Csp upto 5,000 cycles, which remains constant until 10,000 cycles.
Development of self‐healing coatings based on urea‐formaldehyde/polyurethane microcapsules containing epoxy resin
Authors: Parsaee Sadaf , Mirabedini S. Mojtaba , Farnood Ramin , Alizadegan Farhad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, the synthesis of urea‐formaldehyde/polyurethane (UF/PU) microcapsules containing epoxy resin for self‐healing and anti‐corrosion coatings with good stability has been reported. Spherical microcapsules were prepared with a diameter of about 50–720 μm and a shell thickness of 0.6–0.7 μm via in situ polymerization in an oil‐in‐water emulsion using 2,4‐toluene diisocyanate‐based pre‐polymer along with the urea‐formaldehyde. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy (OM) were employed to evaluate the shape and morphology of the microcapsules. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed the absence of free isocyanate groups within the microcapsule shell confirming the completion of shell formation reactions. OM illustrated that the microcapsules were stable over a period of 30‐days in toluene and xylene. Increasing microcapsule loading improved crack repairing and anti‐corrosion performance of the coating layer. Low‐carbon steel coupons coated with an epoxy resin containing 10 wt% microcapsules and scribed using a scalpel blade showed no visible sign of corrosion after up to 5 weeks of exposure in a standard salt spray test chamber.
Designs of conductive polymer composites with exceptional reproducibility of positive temperature coefficient effect: A review
Authors: Chen Long , Zhang Jianming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractConductive polymer composites with positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect have gained intensive attention for the potential application in the smart heating field. The PTC reproducibility is significantly essential to guarantee the security and utility of PTC composites. Regrettably, during the repeated temperature cycles, the irreversible self‐aggregation of conductive filler and the random reconstruction of conductive network lead to unsatisfactory performance of PTC reproducibility. Extensive efforts have been conducted to address this issue by strategies, including modification of fillers, cross‐linking of a polymer matrix, hybrids of fillers, and application of binary polymer matrix. Nevertheless, there are very limited reviews about this issue. In this review, the recent advances in fabricating PTC composites with the enhanced PTC reproducibility have been systematically summarized. Meanwhile, the current challenges and future prospects of PTC composite are also presented. We hope that this review will provide some inspirations for designing PTC materials of long‐term performance for commercial applications.
Effect of vortex‐induced physical stress on fluorescent properties of dye‐containing poly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(lactic acid) micelles
Authors: Odom Tyler L. , Blankenship Jacob R. , Campos Giselle , Mart Devin C. , Liu Wenyan , Wang Risheng , Yoshimatsu Keiichi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe effect of vortex‐induced mechanical stresses on the fluorescent properties of dye‐containing poly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(lactic acid) (PEG‐b‐PLA) block copolymer micelles has been investigated. PEG‐b‐PLA block copolymer micelles containing fluorescent dyes, 3,3′‐dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate (DiO) and/or 1,1′‐dioctadecyl‐3,3,3′,3′‐tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI), are prepared by a simple one‐step procedure that involves the self‐assembly of block copolymers and spontaneous incorporation of hydrophobic dyes into the core of the micelles. Upon vortexing, the micelle dispersion samples showed a decrease in fluorescence intensity in a rotational speed‐ and time‐dependent manner. The results demonstrated that the vortexing can alter the fluorescent properties of the dye‐containing PEG‐b‐PLA block copolymer micelle dispersion samples, suggesting the potential utility of block copolymer micelles as a mechanical stress‐responsive nanomaterial.
COVID‐19 in Patients With Inflammatory Arthritis: A Prospective Study on the Effects of Comorbidities and Disease‐Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs on Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Haberman Rebecca H. , Castillo Rochelle , Chen Alan , Yan Di , Ramirez Deborah , Sekar Vaish , Lesser Robert , Solomon Gary , Neimann Andrea L. , Blank Rebecca B. , Izmirly Peter , Webster Dan E. , Ogdie Alexis , Troxel Andrea B. , Adhikari Samrachana , Scher Jose U. ,   the NYU WARCOV Investigators
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo characterize the hospitalization and death rates among patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA) affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and to analyze the associations of comorbidities and immunomodulatory medications with infection outcomes.MethodsData on clinical and demographic features, maintenance treatment, disease course, and outcomes in individuals with IA (rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis) with symptomatic COVID‐19 infection were prospectively assessed via web‐based questionnaire followed by individual phone calls and electronic medical record review. Baseline characteristics and medication use were summarized for hospitalized and ambulatory patients, and outcomes with the different medication classes were compared using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsA total of 103 patients with IA were included in the study (80 with confirmed COVID‐19 and 23 with high suspicion of COVID‐19). Hospitalization was required in 26% of the participants, and 4% died. Patients who were hospitalized were significantly more likely to be older (P< 0.001) and have comorbid hypertension (P= 0.001) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (P= 0.02). IA patients taking oral glucocorticoids had an increased likelihood of being admitted for COVID‐19 (P< 0.001), while those receiving maintenance anticytokine biologic therapies did not.ConclusionAmong patients with underlying IA, COVID‐19 outcomes were worse in those receiving glucocorticoids but not in patients receiving maintenance anticytokine therapy. Further work is needed to understand whether immunomodulatory therapies affect COVID‐19 incidence.
Novel intramolecular charge transfer effect‐based ligands and aggregation‐induced emission‐active europium complexes: synthesis, characterization, and fluorescence properties
Authors: Yang Shuaishuai , Guo Zuping , Hu Zhongqian , Guo Dongcai 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTwo novel coumarin derivatives and the corresponding europium complexes were prepared using a simple procedure. The pH response of the ligand and the aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties of the target europium complex were studied. The ligand had an intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) effect and was linearly and sharply responsive under acidic conditions. The goal europium complexes exhibited excellent AIE performance when subjected to increasing concentrations of target europium complex or proportion of poor solvent. The effect of substituents on fluorescence strength or thermogravimetric and electrochemical properties was further investigated. The target complexes displayed the typical fluorescence of europium. The fluorescence amplitude of the target europium complexes was enhanced by the addition of electron‐donating groups to ligands. Thermogravimetric research findings indicated that the target complexes possessed extreme thermal stability. Electrochemistry discovery findings indicated that the highest occupied molecular orbit energy level of EuL1 was greater than EuL2, but the lowest unoccupied molecular orbit energy level was smaller than that of EuL2. These complexes could be applied in medicinal chemistry, substance chemistry, and fluorescence labelling areas.
Sensitive detection of sulfide ions in red region based on luminescence resonance energy transfer between upconversion nanoparticles and dye‐670
Authors: Yang Xueping , Liu Yunchun , Chen Hongqi , Wang Lun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMany sulfides are toxic substances that easily harm the respiratory tract, therefore affecting respiratory function or damaging other organs of the body, leading to its failure. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop methods for sensitive detection of sulfur ions (S2−). Based on luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) theory, we report the construction of a near‐infrared (NIR) excitation luminescence probe using NaGdF4:Yb3+,Er3+@NaYF4 upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as the donor and dye‐670 as the receptor for detection of S2−. When UCNPs and dye‐670 molecules were combined using ligand exchange and electrostatic attraction, LRET occurred and UCNP luminescence was quenched. When S2− was added to the system, sulfide ions were able to destroy the double bond of the dye, inhibiting LRET and restoring UCNP luminescence. Under optimum condition, the linear range of S2− detection was 0.65–18.2 μM, and the detection limit was 34.2 nM. This method was applied for determination of S2− in water with satisfactory results.
Thermoluminescence properties of unique Rosso Levanto marble
Authors: Toktamış Hüseyin , Ünsal Ö.L. , Toktamış Dilek , Yazıcı A. Necmeddin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis marble extracted from deposits in Elazığ in Turkey resembles red meat in appearance and is only found in Elazığ. This type of marble has been widely used in the most famous architectural structures and buildings. In this study, the thermoluminescence (TL) properties of a unique marble that originated from Turkey, named Rosso Levanto, were investigated. Two distinct TL peaks were observed at 160°C and around 375°C. Particle size experiments showed that best TL intensity was seen at 200 μm particle size and therefore dose–response, heating rate, cycle of measurement and fading experiments were carried out on powdered samples with a particle size of 200 μm. The findings revealed good linearity in dose–response, observed up to 0.5 kGy. The reproducibility experiment gave good results, but peak intensity decreased by about 40% in first 6 h of storage in a dark room.
Virtual laboratories during coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic
Authors: Vasiliadou Rafaela 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCoronavirus (COVID‐19) disease is an emerging situation that brought challenges to all sectors, including academia and research. Undergraduate and postgraduate students in biochemistry and molecular biology have been affected significantly due to the recent laboratory closures. Experiments have been suspended for long causing extreme stress to the students. Virtual laboratory is a powerful educational tool that enables students to conduct experiments at the comfort of their home. An excellent opportunity to engage students with technology and in parallel to avoid unforeseen disruptions, as happened recently due to pandemic.
The adoption of environmentally sustainable supply chain management: Measuring the relative effectiveness of hard dimensions
Authors: Choudhary Sangita , Kumar Anil , Luthra Sunil , Garza‐Reyes Jose Arturo , Nadeem Simon Peter 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAdopting green practices in supply chains contributes towards protecting the environment. For the successful adoption of environmentally sustainable supply chain management (ESSCM), the dimensions related to technology, strategy, policy and so forth, termed as hard dimensions in the scholarly literature, play a significant role. However, the independent influence of these dimensions on ESSCM has not been previously studied. Therefore, the present study aims to fill this gap and to evaluate the effectiveness of these dimensions. To do this, the most significant dimensions are identified through a thorough literature review and experts' inputs. To determine their priority and cause–effect relationship, a hybrid approach of best–worst method (BWM) and decision‐making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) is used. The analysis indicates that ‘total quality management’ and ‘technologies for cleaner production’ are the most important causal dimensions, and it provides several insights to the decision makers to formulate robust business strategies to the adoption of ESSCM.
Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoid Rich Fraction of Ligaria cuneifolia (Loranthaceae)
Authors: Dobrecky Cecilia , Marchini Timoteo , Ricco Rafael , Garcés Mariana , Gadano Andrea , Carballo Marta , Wagner Marcelo , Lucangioli Silvia , Evelson Pablo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLigaria cuneifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Tiegh. (Loranthaceae), the ‘Argentine mistletoe’, is a hemiparasite species largely used in folk medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo methods. A screening of phenolics was performed by UV spectroscopy on different fractions. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated in vitro by the 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH.) assay on a crude extract (CE), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), and aqueous fraction (AF). The results suggest that EAF concentrates the antioxidant capacity and was selected for further analysis. Capillary electrophoresis was employed to monitor the individual antioxidant capacity and the potential contributors to this effect. Ex vivo assays showed an efficient inhibition of tert‐butyl hydroperoxide‐induced rat liver phospholipid oxidation, as well as rat brain autoxidation, and H2O2‐induced DNA damage in blood monocytes. In vivo, the topical application of EAF significantly decreased skin chemiluminescence in a mice model.
Presentation and resolution of gender dysphoria as a positive symptom in a young schizophrenic man who presented with self‐emasculation: Frontiers of bioethics, psychiatry, and microsurgical genital reconstruction
Authors: Wilcox Vanden Berg Rand N. , Gaffney Christopher D. , Paduch Darius A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGender dysphoria can present as a positive symptom of schizophrenia. Completion of gender affirmation surgeries should not occur as a result of male genital self‐mutilation via a deferral of emergent surgical reconstruction. Instead, gender affirmation should be considered after a full workup and assessment for resolution of any acute psychosis.
A case of LGL leukemia with paucity of erythropoiesis
Authors: Razavi Habib M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe differential diagnosis for neutropenia is large and includes, drug effect, viral infections, sepsis, immune, hypersplenism, and bone marrow disorder. The presence of an autoimmune disorder and large granular lymphocytosis should prompt assessment for immunophenotyping and in select cases a bone marrow biopsy to rule out LGL‐leukemia.