bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time-varying monetary policy reaction function under asymmetric preferences: revisiting the Brazilian inflation targeting experience
Authors: Ferreira Diego , Palma Andreza Aparecida , Hasegawa Marcos Minoru 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis paper analyzes the potential presence of time-varying asymmetries in the preference parameters of the Central Bank of Brazil during the inflation targeting regime.Design/methodology/approachGiven the econometric issues inherent to classical time-varying parameter (TVP) regressions, a Bayesian estimation procedure is implemented in order to provide more robust parameter estimates. A stochastic volatility specification is also included to take into account the potential presence of conditional heteroskedasticity.FindingsThe obtained results show that the reduced form and structural parameters were not constant during the period considered. Moreover, the subsequent analysis of the preference parameters provided evidences of short periods in which asymmetry was an important feature to the conduction of monetary policy in Brazil. Yet, during most of the sample period, the loss function was considered to be symmetrical.Originality/valueThis paper aims to contribute to the rather scarce monetary debate on time-varying central bank preferences. The study of Lopes and Aragón (2014) is, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the only study for Brazil considering specifically TVPs. The authors applied Kalman filter estimation to data from 2000:M1 to 2011:M12. Despite the similar structure of TVPs, the present paper extends the latter study by controlling for stochastic volatility. Ignoring conditional heteroskedasticity might lead to spurious movements in time-varying variables and inaccurate inference (Hamilton, 2010). Thus, the stochastic volatility specification is included to take this issue into account. The authors follow the theoretical scheme put forward by Surico (2007) and Aragón and Portugal (2010), in which the economy is modeled from a New Keynesian perspective and the central bank loss function is assumed to be asymmetric regarding the responses to inflation and output deviations from their targets. On the empirical side, the authors propose a TVP univariate regression with stochastic volatility for the Brazilian reduced-form reaction function, following closely the Bayesian econometric procedure developed by Nakajima (2011). Given the nonlinear non-Gaussian nature of the TVP regression with stochastic volatility, the choice of a nonlinear Bayesian approach using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method is justified due to the intractability of the associated likelihood function (Primiceri, 2005). Finally, based on the theoretical model specification, the authors intend to recover the central bank preference parameters as to further evaluate the degree of asymmetry and its potential time-variation under the inflation targeting regime.
Reliability and validity of a post-traumatic checklist-5 (PCL-5) among fire and rescue officers in Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Mat Salleh Muhammad Naim , Ismail Halim , Mohd Yusoff Hanizah 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis study is to establish the validity and reliability of Malay version of Post-traumatic Check List-5 (MPCL-5) among the fire and rescue officers in the state of Selangor, Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study was conducted, which involved 100 firefighters from the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Construct validity, internal consistency, and concurrent validity were performed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Concurrent validity was tested with validated Malay version of Trauma Screen Questionnaire (TSQ-M).FindingsOverall internal consistency reliability was a 0.960 and individual construct Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.827 to 0.926. The model, which consists of four constructs with 20 items, demonstrated the presence of acceptable loading factors. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) are 0.81, 0.65, 0.31 and 0.95 respectively at an optimum cut-off score of 35.Research limitations/implicationsThe Post Traumatic Check List 5 (PCL-5) is the latest tool based on DSM-5 developed recently and still having limited studies on the psychometric properties of the tool in local population and the findings produced are comparable with the results from validation from previous studies. The study limitations are population samples used are considering the minimum numbers of sample for each item for factor analysis and the concurrent validation was tested with the TSQ-M instead of the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5).Practical implicationsThe study suggested that MPCL-5 is acceptable to be used to measure post-traumatic stress disorder in local populations.Originality/valueThere are limited known validation studies for PCL-5 in local populations and this is the first study done among fire and rescue officers in Malaysia. The results are comparable with findings from previous studies and therefore MPCL-5 are valid and reliable for PTSD screening.
Estimation of unknown parameters using partially observed data
Authors: Lim Eunji 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis paper considers the complex stochastic systems such as supply chains, whose dynamics are controlled by an unknown parameter such as the arrival or service rates. The purpose of this paper is to provide a simulation-based estimator of the unknown parameter when only partially observed data on the underlying system is available.Design/methodology/approachThe proposed method treats the unknown parameter as a random variable and estimates the parameter by computing the conditional expectation of the random variable given the partially observed data. This study then express the conditional expectation as a weighted sum of reverse conditional probabilities using Bayes’ rule. The reverse conditional probabilities are estimated using simulation.FindingsThe simulation studies indicate that the proposed estimator converges to the true value of the conditional expectation as the computer time allocated to the simulation increases. The proposed estimator is computed within a few seconds in all of the numerical examples, which demonstrates its time efficiency.Originality/valueMost of the existing methods for estimating an unknown parameter require a significant amount of simulation, causing long computation delays. The proposed method requires a single simulation run for each candidate of the unknown parameter. Thus, it is designed to carry a significantly reduced computational burden. This feature will enable managers to use the proposed method when making real-time decisions.
Satisfaction in sports: a meta-analytic study
Authors: Santini Fernando De Oliveira , Ladeira Wagner Junior , Sampaio Claudio Hoffmann , Fagundes Andre Francisco Alcântara , Henz Miriam Mariani 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThis article aims to perform a meta-analysis through a systematic review that will identify the main antecedents and consequents of the satisfaction of sports spectators.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a total of 927 papers that studied satisfaction in the context of sports and directly analyzed 51 papers that presented quantitative data. This review of the existing literature resulted in 18 antecedent constructs and identified four constructs consequent to the satisfaction of sports spectators.FindingsThe results showed 21 positive relations and 1 negative relation with the satisfaction of sports spectators. A significant moderating effect of some cultural orientations and levels of human development are identified. The results demonstrate that the effect between interaction quality and satisfaction on the one hand, and satisfaction and behavioral intention on the other, is stronger for Eastern countries and those with a higher level of economic development.Originality/valueThis meta-analytic study advances the understanding of biases present in primary studies with various limitations. Using the proposed approach, it is possible to generate accurate estimates of the effect size in each analyzed relationship, as the meta-analytic method jointly evaluates the results produced by a great variety of studies performed in different contexts, making it possible to draw more accurate conclusions.
When spaces collide: exploring the dual responsibilities of operations managers
Authors: Curry Amanda , Hersinger Anders 
Published: September 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the ways in which notions of space, constituted by management accounting and operations, interact, conflict and are understood by operations managers in a variety of situations within the context of iron ore mining. The authors address a dual question: How do accounting space and production space relate to each other? And what does it mean for operations managers to reside in both those spaces at once?Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on field studies at a mining company involving operations managers who experience tensions between accounting and production responsibilities and must prioritize between different courses of action to create value.FindingsIn contrast to the view that management accounting poses a problem for operations managers in production environments, the authors show how especially discursive tensions foster reflection and choice. Operations managers prioritize their actions in accordance with management accounting or operations based on how they experience and reflect upon the tensions they encounter, dominating artifacts and their experienced relation to space. Operations managers are not tied to specific spaces, but they prioritize their responsibility to management accounting or operations depending on the space to which they feel a sense of belongingness.Originality/valueDrawing upon a conceptualization of tensions between management accounting and operations as a spatial phenomenon, it is possible to understand the dilemmas experienced by operations managers in a dynamic and relational way. The authors propose that viewing tensions between management accounting and production as spatial phenomena enables a novel understanding of how such tensions can create reflexivity in responsibility with operations managers.
Common thread: The Fifth Discipline from a liberal arts college perspective
Authors: Schneper William D. 
Published: September 2020

PurposeLiberal arts colleges (LACs) have played a crucial role in the foundation and development of the US higher education system. Today, these schools face numerous organizational and environmental challenges that threaten their performance and even survival. This paper aims to examine whether Senge’s (1990) vision of the learning organization can serve a useful function in responding to these challenges.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual analysis was conducted based on research relating to learning organizations, LACs and the liberal arts tradition.FindingsThe paper identifies significant congruence between learning organization and liberal arts/liberal learning principles. LACs may benefit from applying and modifying Senge’s (1990) framework to their own unique situations.Originality/valueWhile The Fifth Discipline has certainly contributed to the lexicon of higher education, the role that Senge’s (1990) framework plays in LACs has received scant research attention. This paper investigates the applicability of Senge’s approach to an underexplored context.
Interventions to support Choosing Wisely for coagulation studies in the emergency department
Authors: Kalsi Mandeep S , Foo Chuan Tai , Farzanehfar Parisa , Ayoub Sandy , Tacey Mark , Pearson Kristen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of two different strategies designed to facilitate implementation of Choosing Wisely Australia guidelines, aiming to reduce unnecessary coagulation study blood tests in patients presenting to a metropolitan hospital ED.MethodIn this real‐world quality improvement study, the first intervention tested was an education strategy. The second intervention was physically removing coagulation pathology tubes from the bedside trolleys in the ED. Data were collected about clinical appropriateness of testing, as per the Choosing Wisely Australia guideline and total volume of coagulation studies ordered.ResultsNo reduction in inappropriate coagulation testing was observed following the education intervention whereas a significant reduction in inappropriate coagulation testing was seen after the second intervention (inappropriate testing reduced from 73.8% to 53.0%).ConclusionPhysically removing coagulation pathology tubes from the trolleys was found to be effective at reducing unnecessary testing.
Personal protective equipment in the paediatric emergency department during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Estimating requirements based on staff numbers and patient presentations
Authors: O'Leary Fenton , Pobre Karl , Mariano Maricel , Tan Ker Fern , Jani Shefali 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the personal protective equipment (PPE) required in a paediatric ED during the COVID‐19 pandemic comparing the use per patient to use per patient zone, based on the NSW Clinical Excellence Commission (CEC) guidelines in place at the time of the study.MethodsA retrospective case note review of all patients and staff present in the ED of The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia in the 24 h period of Sunday 5 April 2020. The primary outcome of PPE estimates was generated from identifying the number of patient contacts and aerosol generating procedures (AGPs) performed per patient as well as the number of staff on shift.ResultsOne hundred patients attended the ED (50% of usual) and all were included in the study. For a low‐risk community environment allocating PPE per patient contact required 48 face shields, 382 surgical masks, 48 N95 masks and 430 gowns for the day, increasing to 430 face shields, 331 surgical masks, 430 N95 masks and 761 gowns in a high‐risk community environment. Allocating PPE using zoning reduces the requirement to 48 face shields, 192 surgical masks, 48 N95 masks and 204 gowns, increasing to 196 face shields, 96 surgical masks, 196 N95 masks and 292 gowns per day in a high‐risk community environment.ConclusionThis study has demonstrated the considerable requirement for PPE in a paediatric ED, which varies according to presentation type and the background prevalence of COVID‐19 in the community.
Spreading of Trioza apicalis and development of “Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum” infection on carrot in the field conditions
Authors: Nissinen Anne I. , Haapalainen Minna , Ojanen Hannu , Pirhonen Minna , Jauhiainen Lauri 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCarrot cultivation in Europe is suffering from infections with “Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum” (CLso), a psyllid‐transmitted bacterial pathogen. In this study, field experiments were carried out in Finland to separately measure the effects of psyllid feeding damage and CLso infection on the carrot root growth and to reveal the dynamics of the spreading of CLso within the field. Most of the experiments were carried out during the summers 2016 and 2017, and a follow‐up sampling was performed in 2018. Carrot psyllid (Trioza apicalis) flight activity was monitored and carrots were sampled at 25 points within the field. Early in the season a clear spatial correlation was found between the sampling sites showing the psyllid feeding damage, that is, leaf‐curling, up to the range of 40–60 m, indicating aggregation behaviour of the psyllids. No CLso infections were detected in the first sampling, which was performed before the psyllid flight peak in both years. Later, a positive correlation between the psyllid feeding damage and the CLso titre was observed. An increase in the CLso titre occurred approximately a month after the psyllid flight peak, and this increase correlated with the accumulating effective temperature sum. In 2016, both the psyllid feeding damage and CLso infection had a significant effect on the carrot root weight. The effect of CLso titre on root weight was nonlinear, that is, it intensified rapidly at the highest bacterial titres. During the colder summer of 2017 the CLso titres did not reach high enough levels in the plants to cause substantial visible symptoms and root growth reduction. Thus, it seems that in the Nordic conditions the effect of CLso infection on carrot yield is strongly dependent on the weather conditions during the growing season.
Correlation of the lumbar dural sac dimension with the spread of spinal anesthesia in elderly female patients: A prospective observational study
Authors: Chang Jee‐Eun , Kim Hyerim , Oh Yoomin , Hwang Jin‐Young 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo test a hypothesis that the dural sac dimension would be correlated with the spinal block level, we evaluated the correlation between the lumbar dural sac dimension and the spread of spinal anesthesia in elderly women.MethodsIn 40 women over the age of 65 years, the lumbar dural sac dimensions were measured at the L2‐L3, L3‐L4, L4‐L5, and L5‐S1 intervertebral spaces using ultrasonography in the lateral decubitus position, followed by the administration of spinal anesthesia. The correlation coefficients were analyzed for the lumbar dural sac dimension at each intervertebral level, peak sensory block level, peak motor block, time to peak sensory and peak motor blockade, durations of sensory and motor blockade, and patient characteristics. We subsequently analyzed the partial correlations between the lumbar dural sac dimension and the outcomes of spinal anesthesia, while adjusting for age, body mass index, and waist circumference.ResultsPeak sensory block level was inversely correlated with each lumbar sac dimension: L2‐L3 (ρ = −0.37, P = .029), L3‐L4 (ρ = −0.57, P < .001), L4‐L5 (ρ = −0.65, P < .001), and L5‐S1 (ρ = −0.49, P = .002) intervertebral spaces. Partial correlation analysis with adjustment for age, body mass index, and waist circumference revealed inverse correlations between the lumbar dural sac dimension at the following intervertebral spaces and peak sensory block level: L3‐L4 (r = −.52, P = .003), L4‐L5 (r = −.76, P < .001), and L5‐S1 (r = −.65, P < .001).ConclusionsOutcomes of ultrasonographic investigation revealed an inverse correlation between the lumbar dural sac dimension and peak sensory block level in elderly women.
Continuous peripheral perfusion index in patients admitted to hospital wards – An observational study
Authors: Rasmussen Patrick S. , Aasvang Eske K. , Olsen Rasmus M. , Haahr‐Raunkjaer Camilla , Elvekjaer Mikkel , Sørensen Helge B. D. , Meyhoff Christian S. 
Published: September 2020

IntroductionRisk patients admitted to hospital wards may quickly develop haemodynamic deterioration and early recognition has high priority to allow preventive intervention. The peripheral perfusion index (PPI) may be an indicator of circulatory distress by assessing peripheral perfusion non‐invasively from photoplethysmography. We aimed to describe the characteristics of PPI in hospitalized patients since this is not well‐studied.Materials and MethodsPatients admitted due to either acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) or after major abdominal cancer surgery were included in this study. Patients were monitored continuously up to 96 hours with a pulse oximeter. Comparisons between median PPI each day, time of day and admission type were described with mean difference (MD) and were analysed using Wilcoxon rank sum test and related to morbidity and mortality.ResultsPPI data from 291 patients were recorded for a total of 9279 hours. Median PPI fell from 1.4 (inter quartile range, IQR 0.9‐2.3) on day 1 to 1.0 (IQR 0.6‐1.6) on day 4. Significant differences occurred between PPI day vs evening (MD = 0.18, 95% CI 0.16‐0.20, P = .028), day vs night (MD = 0.56, 95% CI 0.49‐0.62, P < .0001) and evening vs night (MD = 0.38, 95% CI 0.33‐0.42, P = .002). No significant difference in median PPI between AECOPD and surgical patients was found (MD = 0.15, 95% CI −0.08‐0.38, P = .62).ConclusionLower PPI during daytime vs evening and night‐time were seen for both populations. The highest frequency of serious adverse events and mortality was seen among patients with low median PPI. The clinical impact of PPI monitoring needs further confirmation.
Managerial risk appetite and asymmetry cost behavior: evidence from China
Authors: Li Ziyang , Ying Qianwei , Chen Yuying , Zhang Xuehui 
Published: September 2020

AbstractManagerial risk preferences have considerable impacts on a firm’s cost management through committed resource adjustment decisions. We investigate whether a firm’s cost behaviour is influenced by managers’ risk appetite and find that cost stickiness increases with managers’ risk‐seeking. The positive relationship between risk‐seeking and cost stickiness is weaker for firms with higher levels of manager capacity. We further find that the moderating effect of managerial capacity is more pronounced in non‐state‐owned enterprises, in less competitive industries, and in areas with lower degrees of marketisation. These results suggest that managers’ personal characteristics are key factors that affect sticky cost behaviour.
General anaesthetic and airway management practice for obstetric surgery in England: a prospective, multicentre observational study*
Authors: Odor P. M. , Bampoe S. , Moonesinghe S. R. , Andrade J. , Pandit J. J. , Lucas D. N. ,   Pan‐London Perioperative Audit and Research Network (PLAN), for the DREAMY Investigators Group
Published: September 2020

SummaryThere are no current descriptions of general anaesthesia characteristics for obstetric surgery, despite recent changes to patient baseline characteristics and airway management guidelines. This analysis of data from the direct reporting of awareness in maternity patients’ (DREAMY) study of accidental awareness during obstetric anaesthesia aimed to describe practice for obstetric general anaesthesia in England and compare with earlier surveys and best‐practice recommendations. Consenting patients who received general anaesthesia for obstetric surgery in 72 hospitals from May 2017 to August 2018 were included. Baseline characteristics, airway management, anaesthetic techniques and major complications were collected. Descriptive analysis, binary logistic regression modelling and comparisons with earlier data were conducted. Data were collected from 3117 procedures, including 2554 (81.9%) caesarean deliveries. Thiopental was the induction drug in 1649 (52.9%) patients, compared with propofol in 1419 (45.5%). Suxamethonium was the neuromuscular blocking drug for tracheal intubation in 2631 (86.1%), compared with rocuronium in 367 (11.8%). Difficult tracheal intubation was reported in 1 in 19 (95%CI 1 in 16–22) and failed intubation in 1 in 312 (95%CI 1 in 169–667). Obese patients were over‐represented compared with national baselines and associated with difficult, but not failed intubation. There was more evidence of change in practice for induction drugs (increased use of propofol) than neuromuscular blocking drugs (suxamethonium remains the most popular). There was evidence of improvement in practice, with increased monitoring and reversal of neuromuscular blockade (although this remains suboptimal). Despite a high risk of difficult intubation in this population, videolaryngoscopy was rarely used (1.9%).