bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a modified comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics for children and adolescents with tourette's syndrome: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Chia‐Wen , Wang Huei‐Shyong , Chang Hsiu‐Ju , Hsueh Chang‐Wei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effectiveness of a modified four‐session Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics programme for decreasing tics in children and adolescents with Tourette's syndrome.BackgroundComprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics programme has been shown to decrease tic severity. However, the lack of behaviour therapists in countries, such as in Taiwan, may preclude application of the standard eight‐session, 10‐week programme.DesignRandomized controlled study.MethodsParticipants aged 6–18 years diagnosed with Tourette's syndrome or chronic tic disorder were recruited from February 2015 through September 2016. Participants in the control and intervention groups (N = 23 each) received the routine care (daily pyridoxine [50 mg] and psychoeducation). The intervention group received additional four behavioural intervention sessions over a 3‐month period that included psychoeducation, habit reversal training, relaxation training, and education on tic relapse prevention. The outcome measures, Yale Global Tic Severity Scale scores, were assessed at before and after the completion of programme for both groups and again at 3 months follow‐up for the intervention group. The effect of the intervention on severity scores was assessed using a generalized estimated equation.ResultsComparison of scores before and after intervention showed that the intervention significantly decreased the severity of total motor tics (B = −3.28, p < .01) and total tics (B = −5.86, p < .01) as compared with control treatment. YGTSS scores for the intervention group were lower at 3‐month follow‐up as compared with before treatment or immediately after treatment completion (total tics, p < .001).ConclusionThe modified four‐session Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics programme was more effective than routine care for decreasing tic severity in our cohort of 6‐ to 18‐year olds. This improvement was maintained 3 months after intervention.ImpactHealthcare providers, including nurses, in countries currently not adopting Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics programme should be made aware of the positive effects of this modified intervention for Tourette's syndrome.
Up‐regulation of HDACs, a harbinger of uraemic endothelial dysfunction, is prevented by defibrotide
Authors: Palomo Marta , Vera Manel , Martin Susana , Torramadé‐Moix Sergi , Martinez‐Sanchez Julia , Belen Moreno Ana , Carreras Enric , Escolar Ginés , Cases Aleix , Díaz‐Ricart Maribel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEndothelial dysfunction is an earlier contributor to the development of atherosclerosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD), in which the role of epigenetic triggers cannot be ruled out. Endothelial protective strategies, such as defibrotide (DF), may be useful in this scenario. We evaluated changes induced by CKD on endothelial cell proteome and explored the effect of DF and the mechanisms involved. Human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells were exposed to sera from healthy donors (n = 20) and patients with end‐stage renal disease on haemodialysis (n = 20). Differential protein expression was investigated by using a proteomic approach, Western blot and immunofluorescence. HDAC1 and HDAC2 overexpression was detected. Increased HDAC1 expression occurred at both cytoplasm and nucleus. These effects were dose‐dependently inhibited by DF. Both the HDACs inhibitor trichostatin A and DF prevented the up‐regulation of the endothelial dysfunction markers induced by the uraemic milieu: intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, surface Toll‐like receptor‐4, von Willebrand Factor and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, DF down‐regulated HDACs expression through the PI3/AKT signalling pathway. HDACs appear as key modulators of the CKD‐induced endothelial dysfunction as specific blockade by trichostatin A or by DF prevents endothelial dysfunction responses to the CKD insult. Moreover, DF exerts its endothelial protective effect by inhibiting HDAC up‐regulation likely through PI3K/AKT.
Effect of β‐1/3,1/6‐glucan upon immune responses and bacteria in the gut of healthy common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Harris Sarah J. , Bray Daniel P. , Adamek Mikolaj , Hulse David R. , Steinhagen Dieter , Hoole David 
Published: November 2019

Abstractβ‐glucans are frequently included in the diet of healthy common carp Cyprinus carpio as a pre‐emptive measure for combatting disease. In order to study the effect this has on the relationship between the gut bacteria and host immune response, carp were maintained on either a β‐glucan free diet or feed containing 0.1% MacroGard®, a β‐1/3, 1/6‐glucan, for up to 7 weeks and analysis of innate immune gene expression and molecular analysis of the gut bacteria was performed. The data reveals feeding of MacroGard® to healthy carp does not induce bactericidal innate immune gene expression in the gut but does appear to alter bacterial species richness that did not have a negative effect on overall health. Analysis of innate immune gene expression within the upper midgut revealed that there were significant changes over time in the expression of Interleukin (il)‐1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos), mucin (muc2) and C‐reactive protein (crp2). Diet did not affect the number of copies of the bacterial 16s rDNA gene in the gut, used as a as a measure of total bacteria population size. However, PCR‐denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis revealed a shift in bacterial species richness with MacroGard feeding. Bactericidal immune gene expression of crp2, muc2 and il‐1β was weakly correlated with gut bacteria population size indicating a potentially limited role of these genes in interacting with the gut bacteria in healthy carp in order to maintain gut homeostatic conditions. These findings highlight the importance of considering both host immunity and the microbiome together in order to fully elucidate the effeect of immunomodulants, such as β‐glucans, upon gut health.
The 2017 fipronil egg contamination incident: The case of Greece
Authors: Anagnostopoulos Chris , Ampadogiannis George , Bempelou Eleftheria , Liapis Konstantinos , Kastellanou Eirini 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn 2017, an outbreak regarding the release to the market of contaminated eggs with fipronil, alerted all EU authorities as to monitor and take relevant measures. In Greece, a total of 40 samples of poultry fat and eggs taken from the primary production (poultry farms) were analyzed, as to investigate the occurrence of fipronil residues. For the analysis of the samples, a simple and cost effective sample preparation procedure using freezing as the cleanup step was used, in conjunction with liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry, to identify and quantify fipronil and its sulfone metabolite in poultry fat and eggs. Mean recoveries in the range 69.3–120.3% with all relative standard deviations <18.8% were obtained for both analytes and both matrices. The limit of quantification of the method was set at 0.0025 mg/kg−1. The matrix effect was evaluated and the quantification of the analytes was conducted using matrix matched calibration standards.
Nerve growth factor‐induced migration in oral and salivary gland tumour cells utilises the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway: Is there a link to perineural invasion?
Authors: Alkhadar Huda , Macluskey Michaelina , White Sharon , Ellis Ian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe aims of this study were to investigate the role of nerve growth factor on perineural invasion in oral and salivary gland tumour cell lines and whether there is an involvement of PI3K/Akt pathway.Materials and MethodsFour cell lines were investigated: HSG and TYS (salivary gland tumours), SAS‐H1 (oral squamous cell carcinoma) and HaCaT (human skin keratinocyte). Initially, Boyden chamber assay was done to examine the effect of different concentration of nerve growth factor on cell migration. Western blot/ immunofluorescence techniques were used to investigate the phosphorylation status of the Akt pathway within the cells in response to nerve growth factor. The effect of this growth factor and the addition of an Akt inhibitor on cell morphology and migration were also examined using scatter/scratch assays.ResultsNerve growth factor triggered the PI3K/Akt pathway in oral and salivary tumour cells and induced oral and salivary tumour cell scattering and migration. Inhibitor assays confirmed that oral and salivary gland tumour cell scattering and migration is Akt dependent.ConclusionsNerve growth factor can stimulate scattering and migration in cells derived from oral and salivary gland tumours, thereby potentially enhancing perineural invasion. Phosphorylated Akt controls cancer cell migration and scattering. Blocking the Akt pathway may inhibit cell migration and therefore perineural invasion and metastasis.
A brief report: The National Adult Reading Test (NART) is a stable assessment of premorbid intelligence across disease severity in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
Authors: Olaithe Michelle , Bucks Romola S. , Eastwood Peter , Hillman David , Skinner Timothy , James Alan , Hunter Michael , Gavett Brandon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a widely prevalent disorder that can affect cognitive function. The relationship between cognitive function and OSA is known to be affected by an individual's premorbid cognitive ability. Tools to measure premorbid intelligence across OSA disease severity have not been validated. This brief report aims to establish if the National Adult Reading Test (NART) provides a stable estimate of premorbid intelligence across levels of OSA disease severity. We examined if NART scores varied systematically across levels of untreated OSA severity (defined according to the apnea–hypopnea index [AHI]) and mean oxygen saturation in sleep clinic (n = 121) and community samples (n = 398) using regression analysis. Simple linear regression was used to predict NART scores based on the AHI. NART‐estimated premorbid IQ scores without demographics did not vary systematically with AHI (F < 1; β = 0.01) or mean SpO2 (F < 1; β = 0.12). NART‐estimated premorbid IQ scores with added demographic information also did not vary systematically with AHI (F < 1; β = −0.01) or mean SpO2 (F < 1; β = 0.15). This preliminary examination shows that the NART provides a stable estimate of premorbid intelligence across untreated OSA disease severity, as demarcated by AHI or mean nocturnal SpO2.
Addressing Linguistic Diversity in the Language Classroom in a Resource‐Oriented Way: An Intervention Study With Primary School Children
Authors: Busse Vera , Cenoz Jasone , Dalmann Nina , Rogge Franziska 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAdequately responding to linguistic diversity in the classroom is imperative in European school contexts, not least because of current migratory movements. This article presents the results of an intervention study with primary school English‐foreign‐language learners in Germany (N = 42, Mage = 8.70 years) from linguistically diverse backgrounds, who participated in a learning unit on the human body (five 45‐minute lessons). Drawing on multilingual education and second language motivational research, we encouraged children in the intervention group to use their linguistic resources, and they engaged with two affective‐experiential activities aimed at stimulating attitudinal aspects of learning. We investigated intervention effects through pre‐, post‐, and follow‐up tests. We measured affect after each lesson. The intervention group displayed higher plurilingual ideal self aspirations after the intervention and higher positive affect throughout the intervention. Importantly, the intervention group made significantly larger vocabulary learning gains than the control group despite spending less time on task.
Acute application of a transdermal nitroglycerin patch protects against prolonged forearm ischemia‐induced microvascular dysfunction
Authors: Soares Rogerio N. , Proctor David N. , de Oliveira Gustavo V. , Alvares Thiago Silveira , Murias Juan M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionProlonged limb blood flow occlusion (ie, tourniquet application during limb surgery) causes transient microvascular dysfunction. We examined the ability of a local nitric oxide donor (transdermal nitroglycerin) administered during prolonged cuff forearm occlusion to protect against microvascular dysfunction and to alter brachial artery dilation.MethodsTen healthy men (28 ± 8 years) participated in the study. During the control visit, they completed three vascular occlusion tests in the right arm termed, PRE (5‐min occlusion), POSTimmediate (20‐min occlusion), and POST30min (5‐min occlusion). During the nitroglycerin visit, subjects completed the same vascular occlusion tests, but with a nitroglycerin patch placed over the contralateral forearm during the 20‐min occlusion test. Micro‐ and macrovascular function were assessed using the near‐infrared spectroscopy‐derived reperfusion upslope (reperfusion slope, %.s−1) and flow‐mediated dilation (%FMD), respectively.ResultsThe reperfusion slope (1.44 ± 0.72%.s‐1) and the %FMD (15.0 ± 2.8%) of the POSTimmediate test of the nitroglycerin condition were significantly (P < .05) higher than the reperfusion slope (1.01 ± 0.37%.s−1) and %FMD (6.77 ± 1.8%) during the POSTimmediate test of the control visit.ConclusionTransdermal nitroglycerin protects against ischemia‐induced microvascular dysfunction and causes marked dilation of the brachial artery %FMD.
The Christological Prudence of the Natural Slave
Authors: McCuskey Bruce 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe account of prudence found in Aquinas's Summa Theologiae and the Commentary on the Nicomachean Ethics is bound up with his endorsement of Aristotle's notion of the Natural Slave in his Commentary on Aristotle's Politics. This connection not only hobbles his account of the virtue of prudence, but also weakens other areas of his theology, including his account of providence. A creative rereading of Aquinas's biblical commentaries, however, affords Aquinas the opportunity to correct himself. Aquinas's commentaries on Paul, especially the Commentary on Philippians, provide ample resources for doing so. The Christ hymn of Philippians 2:5-11 forms the cornerstone of a thoroughly Christological, even Apocalyptic, account of prudence, which overcomes the tensions in Aquinas's account of prudence resulting from his endorsement of natural slavery. This scriptural reformulation of prudence heightens the stress on exemplification even further and in so doing makes its exercise more conducive to peaceableness. Due to the political dimensions of prudence, these shifts have an ecclesiological dimension that reveals Aquinas's affinity with Giorgio Agamben's philosophical account of mendicant life.
I knew you'd understand: How gendered expectations of understanding affect stress
Authors: Straup Maddie L. , White Justin , Butterworth Sarah E. , Dunn Delaney S. , Tate Kayla E. , Guermeur Alexandra S. , Crockett Erin E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAn experimental design was used to examine the effects of interviewer gender and (mis)understanding on physiological stress (i.e., cortisol). A total of 103 undergraduate students wrote about a recent social conflict and then discussed that conflict with either a male or a female interviewer. During these discussions, the interviewer displayed verbal and nonverbal cues of (mis)understanding toward the participants. Participants' cortisol was assessed four times throughout the study. Results from a 2 × 2 × 4 mixed‐model analysis of variance demonstrated an interaction between the gender of the interviewer, understanding condition, and time such that cortisol decreased the most over time when the interviewer used cues of understanding that matched stereotypical expectations for the interviewers' gender (i.e., when women were understanding and men were misunderstanding).
Anxiety symptoms are quantitatively and qualitatively different in dementia with Lewy bodies than in Alzheimerʼs disease in the years preceding clinical diagnosis
Authors: Segers Kurt , Benoit Florence , Meyts Jean‐Marie , Surquin Murielle 
Published: November 2019

AimDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a common but underdiagnosed type of cognitive impairment and dementia. The current diagnostic criteria for research purposes have a high specificity but lack sensitivity. Moreover, patients who live alone are not always aware that they have core clinical features such as cognitive fluctuations, visual hallucinations, and parasomnia. Anxiety is a common and early manifestation in DLB.MethodsWe matched 41 DLB patients with 41 patients with Alzheimerʼs disease (AD) according to gender, age, and cognitive status and retrospectively analyzed their files for the presence of anxiety, depression, constipation, and the core clinical features of DLB in the documented period before diagnosis.ResultsAnxiety, but not depression, occurred significantly more frequently in DLB than in AD (63.4% vs 26.8%). It appears up to 4–5 years before the diagnosis of DLB and is associated with depression and living at home. Anxiety in DLB was often described as intermittent panic attacks without reason or during states of delirium; it was also severe enough to require medical treatment and inpatient or outpatient psychiatric care. It was often mistaken for a psychiatric illness or a manifestation of other common forms of dementia. Anxiety in AD seemed much milder, was often related to the patient's coping with cognitive dysfunction, and was never cited as a specific reason for medical help. The concomitant presence of anxiety with at least one core clinical criterion of DLB enabled us to differentiate it from AD in our study, with a sensitivity of 63.4% but a specificity of 100%.ConclusionsIn all patients over 50 who present with cognitive problems and anxiety, DLB should be considered. Patients and informants should be carefully questioned regarding the presence of other typical signs and symptoms of DLB.
The role prioritization model: How communal men and agentic women can (sometimes) have it all
Authors: Haines Elizabeth L. , Stroessner Steven J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMen and women are persistently associated with breadwinning and caregiving roles and related stereotypes. A role prioritization model (RPM) is presented that accounts for the conditions under which penalties and benefits arise due to perceived fulfillment or neglect of communal/caregiving roles (typically associated with women) and agentic/breadwinning roles (typically associated with men). Our model makes unique contributions to understanding gender stereotyping and negative evaluations for stereotype violation (i.e., backlash). First, behaviors suggesting low prioritization of one's traditional gender role—when women appear to neglect caregiving and men neglect breadwinning—produce particularly harsh judgments. Second, behaviors indicating successful balancing of role prioritization (e.g., men who augment breadwinning with communal behavior and women who augment childrearing with agentic behavior) allow avoidance of backlash. The RPM is useful for organizing existing research on gendered perceptions and for understanding perceptions of men and women who violate gender norms to create greater gender equality.
Excretion of Ascaris lumbricoides following reduced‐intensity allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and consecutive treatment with mebendazole
Authors: Luber Verena , Lutz Mathias , Abele‐Horn Marianne , Einsele Hermann , Grigoleit Götz Ulrich , Mielke Stephan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHere, we present the unique case of a 51‐year‐old German patient with multiple myeloma excreting Ascaris lumbricoides in his stool five weeks after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Stool analysis remained negative for the presence of eggs, and there was no eosinophilia in the peripheral blood at any time around stem cell transplantation. The patient was commenced on a three‐day treatment with mebendazole, which was well tolerated. No serious interactions with the concomitant post‐transplant medication or negative effects on the hematopoiesis were observed, and the myeloma still is in complete remission. To our knowledge, this is the first report on excretion of A lumbricoides in the context of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The case is remarkable with view to the fact that the parasite has supposedly survived all courses of myeloma treatment including autologous and allogeneic conditioning. Parasitosis with A lumbricoides has a worldwide prevalence of about a billion and is extremely rare in northern Europe. Possibly the patient got infected during a trip to Egypt years before multiple myeloma was diagnosed.
El racismo del cuerpo: procesos psicosociológicos de discriminación escolar
Authors: Kaplan Carina Viviana , Szapu Ezequiel 
Published: November 2019

Objetivo. Reflexionar en torno a los resultados de un estudio socioeducativo, el cual tenía el propósito decomprender la construcción social de los cuerpos y las emociones de los estudiantes y sus relaciones conla producción de las violencias. Esto, teniendo en cuenta que la convivencia se enmarca en un entramadode vínculos sociales, cuya matriz emocional se codifica y decodifica a través de los cuerpos. Método. Seempleó la entrevista en profundidad por medio de una guía semiestructurada. Para el análisis de datos seempleó un procedimiento inductivo-deductivo. Resultados. El análisis de los testimonios brindados porjóvenes atravesados por condiciones materiales y simbólicas de marginalidad urbana, permitió interpretarciertos rasgos corporales que funcionan como signos de humillación y autohumillación, particularmente lapiel. El racismo del cuerpo se expresa en los modos de la interacción escolar, en la que unos grupos se creensuperiores y subsumen a los otros a quienes consideran de menor valía social. Conclusión. Ante el sentimiento de exclusión y negación de la subjetividad se pueden desencadenar ciertos comportamientos asociados con la violencia hacia los otros, o bien generar prácticas de autodestrucción. La piel es depositaria de este dolor social que puede traducirse en autoagresiones corporales.
Design for Interface Stiffness of Mechanical Products Using Integrated Simulation and Optimization Under Uncertainty
Authors: Zhang J. , Wu M. , Peng Q. , Dixit U. S. , Gu P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Interface stiffness is an important factor influencing the performance of mechanical products. Uncertain factors affect the interface stiffness and stability in the process of product design, manufacture, and operation. How to reduce the impact of uncertain factors on the interface stiffness is a vital problem in interface design. In this paper, a robust optimal design method is proposed for mechanical interfaces considering uncertain factors, which combines the finite element simulation, experiment, and optimization to reduce the sensitivity of interface stiffness to uncertain factors. The proposed interface design method provides an effective way to improve the interface stiffness under uncertain conditions. In order to validate the proposed method, the bolted connection structure of a flange is applied as an example. The interface stiffness of the flange is selected as an optimization target, and the Gaussian process regression is used to construct a two-layer optimal model of the objective function for the design and uncertain parameters. When experimental and optimization results differ significantly, the Kalman filter is used to provide the feedback for the optimization results until the results meet requirements. The final results show that the optimized mechanical interface stiffness is increased by 15.5%, and the error between the optimized prediction and experimental results is within 1% after three times experimental validation and feedback adjustment.