bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prophylactic effect of bovine colostrum on respiratory infection and diarrhea in formula-fed infants: a randomized trial
Authors: Chen Ke , Chen Haixia , Luo Jinwen , Zeng Chenggui , Dong Xiaobing , Zhou Min , Liu Changqi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground It has been reported that regular consumption of bovine colostrum has a protective role for the gastrointestinal immunity of infants. However, not enough investigation has explored the prophylactic effect of bovine colostrum on the morbidity of diarrhea and respiratory tract infections in formula-fed infants. The purpose of the study is to explore the prophylactic effect of BC on morbidity of diarrhea and respiratory tract infections in formula-fed infants.Methods A total of 192 term infants aged 6 to 9 months, who were previously fully formula-fed after birth, were randomly recruited into this multi-centric, randomized, blank-controlled, opened, and post-marketing intervention study. Infants in the intervention group (IG) were given a commercially available bovine colostrum sachet once a day for 3 months while infants in the control group (CG) were not given the bovine colostrum sachet. The morbidity and duration of diarrhea and respiratory tract infections and the fecal IgA, calprotectin, and total fatty acid were monitored during the intervention.Result There was a lower incidence of loose stool [IG/CG rate ratio: 0.22, 95%CI: 0.09-0.67], increased stool frequency (0.30, 0.17-0.78), loss of appetite (0.28, 0.11-0.47), sneezing (0.22,0.07-0.69), upper respiratory infection (0.55, 0.32-0.88), and diarrhea (0.25, 0.09-0.61) and shorter duration of diarrhea for infants in IG than those in CG.Conclusion Bovine colostrum intervention for 3 months showed a potential prophylactic effect on respiratory infection and diarrhea in formula-fed infants. The present data may be applicable to other infants of similar socioeconomic status.
Oxygen isotope fractionation between gypsum and its formation waters: Implications for past chemistry of the Kawah Ijen volcanic lake, Indonesia
Authors: Utami Sri Budhi , van Hinsberg Vincent J. , Ghaleb Bassam , van Dijk Arnold E. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) provides an opportunity to obtain information from both the oxygen isotopic composition of the water and sulfate of its formation waters, where these components are commonly sourced from different reservoirs (e.g., meteoric vs. magmatic). Here, we present δ18O values for gypsum and parent spring waters fed by the Kawah Ijen crater lake in East Java, Indonesia, and from these natural samples derive gypsum-fluid oxygen isotope fractionation factors for water and sulfate group ions of 1.0027 ± 0.0003‰ and 0.999 ± 0.001‰, respectively. Applying these fractionation factors to a growth-zoned gypsum stalactite that records formation waters from 1980 to 2008 during a period of passive degassing, and gypsum cement extracted from the 1817 eruption tephra fall deposit, shows that these fluids were in water-sulfate oxygen isotopic equilibrium. However, the 1817 fluid was &gt;5‰ lighter. This indicates that the 1817 pre-eruption lake was markedly different, and had either persisted for a much shorter duration or was more directly connected to the underlying magmatic-hydrothermal system. This exploratory study highlights the potential of gypsum to provide a historical record of both the δ18Owater and δ18Osulfate of its parental waters, and provides insights into the processes acting on volcanic crater lakes or any other environment that precipitates gypsum.
Effective removal of cefazolin from hospital wastewater by the electrocoagulation process
Authors: Esfandyari Yahya , Saeb Keivan , Tavana Ahmad , Rahnavard Aptin , Fahimi Farid Gholamreza 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The present study evaluated the treatment of hospital wastewater by the electrocoagulation process using aluminum and iron electrodes. The effects of pH, voltage and reaction time on the removal efficiencies of the antibiotic cefazolin, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity were investigated. The results showed that by increasing reaction time and input voltage, the removal efficiency of pollutants was increased. The highest removal efficiency of cefazolin, COD, and turbidity occurred at neutral pH, which may have been related to the formation of aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) flocs through the combination of aluminum released from the surface of the electrode and the hydroxide ions present in the solution. The conductivity of the treated wastewater at neutral to alkaline pH decreased compared to acidic pH, which may have been due to the adsorption of anions and cations from the solution by the Al(OH)3 flocs. The electrode and energy consumption in the present study was higher than in other studies, which may have been due to the high concentration of COD in and the turbidity of the solution.
Use of Small-molecule Inhibitory Compound of PERK-dependent Signaling Pathway as a Promising Target-based Therapy for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Rozpędek Wioletta , Pytel Dariusz , Wawrzynkiewicz Adam , Siwecka Natalia , Dziki Adam , Dziki Łukasz , Diehl J. Alan , Majsterek Ireneusz 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Colorectal cancer constitutes one of the most common cancer with a high
mortality rate. The newest data has reported that activation of the pro-apoptotic PERK-dependent
unfolded protein response signaling pathway by small-molecule inhibitors may constitute an innovative
anti-cancer treatment strategy.

Objective:
In the presented study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the PERK-dependent unfolded
protein response signaling pathway small-molecule inhibitor 42215 both on HT-29 human colon
adenocarcinoma and CCD 841 CoN normal human colon epithelial cell lines.

Methods:
Cytotoxicity of the PERK inhibitor was evaluated by the resazurin-based and lactate dehydrogenase
(LDH) tests. Apoptotic cell death was measured by flow cytometry using the FITCconjugated
Annexin V to indicate apoptosis and propidium iodide to indicate necrosis as well as by
colorimetric caspase-3 assay. The effect of tested PERK inhibitor on cell cycle progression was
measured by flow cytometry using the propidium iodide staining. The level of the phosphorylated
form of the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha was detected by the Western blot technique.

Results:
Obtained results showed that investigated PERK inhibitor is selective only toward cancer
cells, since inhibited their viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner and induced their apoptosis
and G2/M cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, 42215 PERK inhibitor evoked significant inhibition of
eIF2α phosphorylation within HT-29 cancer cells.

Conclusion:
Highly-selective PERK inhibitors may provide a ground-breaking, anti-cancer treatment
strategy via activation of the pro-apoptotic branch of the PERK-dependent unfolded protein response
signaling pathway.
Tinea Capitis: An Updated Review
Authors: Leung Alexander K.C. , Hon Kam L. , Leong Kin F. , Barankin Benjamin , Lam Joseph M. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Tinea capitis is a common and, at times, difficult to treat, fungal infection of
the scalp.

Objective:
This article aimed to provide an update on the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of tinea
capitis.

Methods:
A PubMed search was performed in Clinical Queries using the key term “tinea capitis”. The
search strategy included meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, clinical trials, observational studies,
and reviews. The search was restricted to English literature. The information retrieved from the
above search was used in the compilation of the present article.

:
Patents were searched using the key term “tinea capitis” at www.freepatentsonline.com.

Results:
Tinea capitis is most often caused by Trichophyton tonsurans and Microsporum canis. The
peak incidence is between 3 and 7 years of age. Non-inflammatory tinea capitis typically presents as
fine scaling with single or multiple scaly patches of circular alopecia (grey patches); diffuse or patchy,
fine, white, adherent scaling of the scalp resembling generalized dandruff with subtle hair loss; or single
or multiple patches of well-demarcated area (s) of alopecia with fine-scale, studded with broken-off
hairs at the scalp surface, resulting in the appearance of “black dots”. Inflammatory variants of tinea
capitis include kerion and favus. Dermoscopy is a highly sensitive tool for the diagnosis of tinea capitis.
The diagnosis can be confirmed by direct microscopic examination with a potassium hydroxide wetmount
preparation and fungal culture. It is desirable to have mycologic confirmation of tinea capitis
before beginning a treatment regimen. Oral antifungal therapy (terbinafine, griseofulvin, itraconazole,
and fluconazole) is considered the gold standard for tinea capitis. Recent patents related to the management
of tinea capitis are also discussed.

Conclusion:
Tinea capitis requires systemic antifungal treatment. Although topical antifungal therapies
have minimal adverse events, topical antifungal agents alone are not recommended for the treatment of
tinea capitis because these agents do not penetrate the root of the hair follicles deep within the dermis.
Topical antifungal therapy, however, can be used to reduce transmission of spores and can be used as
adjuvant therapy to systemic antifungals. Combined therapy with topical and oral antifungals may increase
the cure rate.
Evaluation of Concrete Quality for Reinforced Concrete Frame Members Exposed to Natural Fires at Early Ages Using in situ Test Methods
Authors: Omer Muhammad I. , Jaf Dilshad K. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
In recent years, numerous reinforced concrete buildings have been constructed in Iraq and some developing countries. Fire accidents occur in wooden formwork especially during the summer season due to problems associated with the construction procedure and on-site management. And fires can erupt during the construction stage of buildings.

Introduction:
Generally, if fire accidents occur in a wooden formwork, in these situations the concrete in the field is at an early age (i.e., “young”). The internal structure and chemical composition of early-age concrete are different from that of the carrier due to incomplete hydration at an early age. This study aimed to evaluate the strength of reinforced concrete frames at early ages when exposed to natural fire. The evaluation of existing buildings is an important issue that involves researchers and engineers in many countries.

Methods:
The experimental program consisted of constructing three full-scale reinforced concrete frames that are then exposed to natural fire. When the concrete age reaches three and five days by firing its formwork, the concrete quality of the structure was evaluated via ultrasonic pulse velocity as a nondestructive measurement. Core test was used as a destructive technique to implement a relationship between compressive strength and nondestructive measurements

Results:
The results showed that the frame exposed to natural fire early was generally more affected than the other frame, and its compressive strength was reduced close to 33%. The results also showed that the ultrasonic pulse velocity test for the structural elements was smaller than those of the core test

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that the current assessment methodology must be evaluated to provide practical suggestions that can enhance the reliability of assessing the in situ strength of existing concrete structures by nondestructive tests and cores.
METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING THE SECURITY OF INFORMATION PASSED THROUGH THE TECHNICAL CHANNELS OF A SPECIAL-PURPOSE INFORMATISATION OBJECT
Authors: Rogozin E. A. , Silka D. G. , Gulyaev O. A. 
Published: January 2020

Objectives. In order to determine the security of a special-purpose informatisation object, it is necessary to calculate the effectiveness indicators of information security (IS) measures aimed at preventing unauthorised access (UA) threats associated with information leakage through technical (acoustic) channels. In order to determine the actual channels of information leakage, it is necessary to develop a list of actions to neutralise potential threats, including the development of an information protection system for a special-purpose informatisation object.Method. A security assessment of the special-purpose informatisation object is carried out using expert documentary and instrumental methods.Results. The results of evaluating the indicators of protection against information leakage through the air (acoustic) channel are presented and aspects of improving special measures for protecting information at the special-purpose informatisation object are identified.Conclusion. Due to its relevance, the direction of this study requires further development of organisational and technical measures to implement the requirements of regulatory documents on the protection of information in special-purpose informatisation objects.
MATERIALS AND MODERN STRUCTURAL SOLUTIONS FOR BUILDING STRUCTURES
Authors: Morgun L. V. , Bogatina A. Yu. , Morgun V. N. 
Published: January 2020

Objectives. The aim of the work is to demonstrate the fundamental difference between fibre-reinforced foam concrete and traditionally-used wall materials in terms of tensile strength.Method. An analysis of the effectiveness of heat-insulating and structural fibre-reinforced concrete in terms of their mechanical and physical properties, including frost resistance, is carried out.Results. The characteristics of the most important operational properties of fibre-reinforced foam concrete for insulating and structural purposes are given. The possibility of expanding the range of prefabricated products in connection with the level of tensile strength of fibre-reinforced foam concrete under bending is substantiated. Empirical data concerning the practical use of original products from fibrereinforced foam concrete in the construction of residential and public buildings in Rostov-on-Don is presented.Conclusion. It is shown that, in order to increase the heat transfer resistance of building envelopes, the use of fibre-reinforced foam concrete in the rehabilitation of existing buildings can ensure their high fire safety subject to the required sanitary and hygienic conditions. Fibre-reinforced foam concrete, being a gas-filled concrete of non-autoclave hardening, allows new design solutions to be offered for heat-insulating and structural purposes in the construction complex of the Russian Federation, which practical application expands the range of factory-made products, reduces energy consumption and contributes to the diversity of the architectural appearance of buildings.
DEXTRAN SULFATE STABILIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLE: NEXT GENERATION EFFICIENT THERAPY FOR CANCER
Authors: CHANDRAN SHARMILA , PONNUSAMY THILAGAVATHY , BHEEMAN DINESH , RAJAMANI RANJITH KUMAR , BELLAN CHANDAR SHEKAR 
Published: January 2020

Objective: Synthesize silver nanoparticles using a green synthesis approach and encapsulate silver nanoparticles with a naturally occurring polymer, particularly of an-hydroglucose type, like dextran sulfate sodium salt and to study its anticancer activity.
Methods: Green synthesis approach is been employed in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Psidium guajava leaf extract. The nanoparticles were then encapsulated with dextran sulfate biopolymer and the nanoparticles were subjected to different characterization techniques. The structure of the synthesized nanoparticles was analyzed using X-ray diffraction analysis, the presence of different functional groups was analyzed by FTIR studies. Size and morphology of the prepared nanoparticles were investigated using FESEM analysis. Anticancer activity of the synthesized nanoparticles was tested against the MCF-cell line.
Results: The XRD analysis shows the crystalline nature of the synthesized nanoparticles. The stretching and vibrating modes of different functional groups were confirmed by FTIR result. The SEM image confirmed the presence of spherical shaped nanoparticles and the TEM image confirmed the average size of the particles to be around 24 nm. The Ag-DS NPs showed 91% cell inhibition for the concentration of 100 μg/ml, indicating the cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles against MCF-7 cell line.
Conclusion: Dextran sulfate stabilized silver nanoparticles show potent anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell line.
NANOPARTICLE BASED BIOSENSOR FOR PENICILLIN QUANTIFICATION IN PHARMACEUTICALS
Authors: KARAKUS EMINE , TURAN CISEM 
Published: January 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a new biosensor system based on nanoparticle to determine penicillin in pharmaceuticals.
Methods: The characterization and optimization of the potentiometric penicillin biosensor (PB) were prepared by using synthesized surface-dependent and surface-independent ZnO nanoparticles named ZnO nanorods and chitosan were carried out. It was preferred ZnO nanorod because of its electrical, optical, physical and photocatalyst properties, biocompatibility and non-toxicity in the construction of the penicillin biosensor.
Results: The operating range was obtained as 10-1-10-3M, the optimum buffer concentration was 10 mmol, optimum pH was 7.4 and the optimum temperature was 25 °C for the PB. The PB has advantages in terms of short response time, long enough shelf life, cheap, and easy elaborate.
Conclusion: Whether the biosensor can be used to determine penicillin and accurately measure penicillin, the amount of penicillin in a commercial pharmaceutical preparation named Alfoxil was successfully made by using our prepared penicillin biosensor.
PENGARUH ASIMETRI INFORMASI DAN LEVERAGE TERHADAP MANAJEMEN LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN PERTAMBANGAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA TAHUN 2016-2018
Authors: Hidayat Ayu Apriliani , Juanda Ahmad , Jati Ahmad Wajuya 
Published: January 2020

This study aims to examine the relation of information asymmetry and leverage to earnings management in mining companies listed at Indonesian Stock Exchange. Earnings management as the dependent variabel is measured by discretionary accruals. The populations of this study were all mining companies that listed at Indonesian Stock Exchange period 2016-2018. The sample used in this research is about 24 companies through purposive sampling method. The methode of analysis used in this study is panel data regression. The results showed that the information asymmetry hasn’t been approved for having significant and negative relation on earnings management. However, leverage have significant and positive relation on earnings management.
Pengelolaan Keuangan Kelompok Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah Berbasis Wanita
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Yudi Yudi , Tiswiyanti Wiwiek , Rahayu Rahayu 
Published: January 2020

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap pentingnya pengelolaan keuangan bagi kelompok Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) berbasis wanita. Artikel ini disusun berdasarkan pengalaman tim melakukan kegiatan pengabdian dan pembinaan terhadap usaha peningkatan pendapatan keluarga (UP2K) pada tiga tahun terakhir. Pengabdian terakhir yang dilakukan terkait tema adalah Pengabdian Skim Bina Desa yang dilaksanakan Desa Mendalo darat dan Desa Mendalo Indah. Salah satu program yang terus dikembangkan oleh Tim PKK kedua desa tersebut adalah pengembangan UP2K. Walaupun relatif baru bagi pengurus, pengurus harus melakukan pengelolaan keuangan dana UP2K dengan baik.Kendala utama yang menyebabkan lambannya perkembangan UP2K adalah keterbatasan anggaran, rendahnya kompetensi SDM dan data UMKM yang kurang tersedia. Hal ini dapat menurunkan kepercayaan anggota kepada pengurus. Kegiatan pengabdian telah dilaksanakan dengan lancar.Pengelolaan keuangan UP2K melingkupi administrasi keuangan kelompok khusus, Administrasi keuangan kelompok pelaksana, Laporan Pertanggungjawaban Periodik (Triwulan) dan Laporan Pertanggungjawaban Tahunan.
Penyuluhan Hukum Kepada Masyarakat Desa LopakAur Kecamatan Pemayung Tentang Hukum Acara Pidana Untuk Mencegah Upaya Paksa Sewenang-wenang Oleh Aparat Penegak Hukum
Authors: Lasmadi Sahuri , Nawawi Khabib , Sudarty Elly , Erwin Erwin 
Published: January 2020

Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kejadian yang sering terjadi dalam masyarakat dimana upaya paksa yang dilakukan secara sewenang-wenang oleh aparat penegak hukum. Proses pemeriksaan pada peradilan pidana modern didasarkan atas “praduga tak bersalah”. Maksudnya, seorang yang telah diduga keras melakukan suatu tindak pidana, secara hukum harus dianggap tidak bersalah sampai ada putusan pengadilan yang mempunyai kekuatan hukum tetap. Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk (1) Mensosialisasikan UU Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 Tentang KUHAP sehubungan dengan Perberlakuan Upaya Paksa untuk mencegah Upaya Paksa Sewenang-wenang Oleh Aparat Penegak Hukum; (2) Memberikan Penyuluhan Hukum Kepada Masyarakat Desa Lopak Aur Kecamatan Pemayung Tentang Hukum Acara Pidana Untuk Mencegah Upaya Paksa Sewenang-Wenang Oleh Aparat Penegak Hukum. Dari kegiatan PPM ini diharapkan masyarakat memperoleh pemahaman hukum tentang Hukum Acara Pidana Untuk Mencegah Upaya Paksa Sewenang-wenang Oleh Aparat Penegak Hukum. Jika terjadi maka masyarakat telah mengerti dan memahami langkah-langkah hukum yang harus ditempuh. Kesimpulan: Kegiatan Penyuluhan Hukum Kepada Masyarakat Desa Lopak Aur Kecamatan Pemayung menunjukkan bahwa akseptabilitas yakni tingkat penyerapan mitra terhadap kegiatan mengalami peningkatan yang diukur dari tingkat pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang materi kegiatan. Saran: Kegiatan ini mempunyai nilai yang sangat positif, sehingga kegiatan penyuluhan hukum berkaitan dengan Upaya Paksa ini dapat dilaksanakan secara terus-menerus (berkelanjutan) dengan sasaran yang berbeda.
Praktik Akuntansi Keuangan Usaha Perajin Batik Di Kecamatan Pelayangan, Kota Jambi
Authors: Mukhzarudfa Mukhzarudfa , Kusumastuti Ratih 
Published: January 2020

The UMKM center of culture-based superior products of Jambi City is the center of Batik development and Sulaman Mas which is located in the area across Jambi City (Sekoja) which is spread until October 2018 in 2 subdistricts, namely Teluk Teluk and Pelayangan. With the number of business units as many as 75 UMKM. The purpose of this activity is to increase participants' knowledge about recording and presenting financial statements (Balance Sheet, Profit and Loss Statement), properly and correctly by using SIAPIK software. Grow and increase the trust of bank and non-bank financial institutions towards SMEs.Good financial management requires a form of copying by using an information system. An information system that can be used in making checks and advising on financial statements. The batik craftsmen who met in the Sanggar Batik Kajang Lako, none of which made the writing and preparation of financial statements using a representative information system. Compliance and compilation of financial statements are still made manually.
Perlindungan Kawasan Hutan Dalam Rangka Pelestarian Alam Di Taman Nasional Berbak Provinsi Jambi
Authors: Yahya Taufik , Idris Isran 
Published: January 2020

Hutan mempunyai kedudukan dan peranan yang sangat penting dalam pembangunan bangsa dan negara, karena hutan dapat memberikan manfaat yang sebesar-besarnya bagi kemakmuran dan kesejahteraan rakyat. Manfaat itu dapat dibedakan menjadi langsung dan tidak langsung. Perlindungan hutan saat ini bukan hanya menjadi problem yang bersifat regional tetapi sudah merupakan problem dunia. Hal ini terkait dengan fungsi hutan dalam memelihara keseimbangan ekologis yang juga berpengaruh terhadap iklim global, seperti efek ‘panas global’ yang dapat mengancam keselamatan jiwa manusia. Pentingnya kawasan hutan bagi kelangsungan hidup masyarakat sekitar hutan untuk memperoleh taraf hidup yang lebih baik secara ekonomi serta keinginan dari pemerintah untuk melestarikan hutan, maka dari itu perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang pengelolaan kawasan Taman Nasional Berbak yang secara jangka panjang dapat memberi manfaat bagi kedua pihak yaitu pemerintah dan masyarakat secara berkelanjutan.