bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From east to west, can feminist legal strategies be transformative? Post-disaster to everyday times of crisis
Authors: Krishnadas Jane 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article engages with a key question raised by feminist legal scholars from the east to the west: whether women should or should not engage in rights strategies? Are rights systematically exercised to reproduce patriarchal, dominant sites of justice, or do rights constitute a multiple and relational force which may transform sites of justice? The experience of women’s engagements with law in South Asia has created a diversity of critical legal knowledge and scholarship reflecting the pluralism of both women’s identities and needs based on caste, religion, class and sexuality across an array of legal spaces from the family, community and state. Women in South Asian scholarship have complicated the notion of the homogenous legal subject and the static dominant site of justice. In this article I return to my underpinning field research whilst living and working within an earthquake affected area of Maharashtra, India in the post-crisis rehabilitation period (1993–1998). This research explored how women exercised their rights to reconstruct lives at different tiers of justice: in public policy, private legislation and the non-formal sphere of community relations to deconstruct the concept of rights existing within a static framework of justice. Drawing upon feminist discourse across the east to the west, I have analysed the role of rights in post-disaster sites to understand how women move from victims to survivors, beneficiaries to contributors and objects to agents of change to inform contemporary research on how women in post-domestic violence situations may exercise rights to reconstruct their lives in times of crisis in the UK. Through this analysis I argue that rights may be empowering if one can exercise one’s right to identity as agency, resources as capacity and location as mobility, as a three dimensional strategy to transform the framework in which one is situated. Over the last decade, I have actively applied this transformative methodology to create an alternative relational, intersectional and holistic legal paradigm, to transform sites of justice, in times of every day crisis, through the CLOCK/ All India Access to Justice Strategy.
Regulation of intracellular Ca2+/CaMKII signaling by TRPV4 membrane translocation during osteoblastic differentiation
Authors: Hu Fen , Zhao Yali , Hui Zhenhai , Xing Fulin , Yang Jianyu , Lee Imshik , Zhang Xinzheng , Pan Leiting , Xu Jingjun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBone constantly remodels between resorption by osteoclasts and formation by osteoblasts; therefore the functions of osteoblasts are pivotal for maintaining homeostasis of bone mass. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4), a type of mechanosensitive channel, has been reported to be a key regulator in bone remodeling. However, the relationship between TRPV4 and osteoblast function remains largely elusive. Only little is known about the spatial distribution change of TRPV4 during osteoblastic differentiation and related signal events. Based on three-dimensional super-resolution microscopy, our results clearly showed a different distribution of TRPV4 in undifferentiated and differentiated osteoblasts, which reflected the plasma membrane translocation of TRPV4 along with prolonged differentiation. GSK1016790A (GSK101), the most potent agonist of TRPV4, triggered rapid calcium entry and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) phosphorylation via TRPV4 activation in a differentiation-dependent manner, indicating that the abundance of TRPV4 at the cell surface resulting from differentiation may be related to the modulation of Ca2+ response and CaMKII activity. These data provide compelling evidences for the plasma membrane translocation of TRPV4 during osteoblastic differentiation as well as demonstrate the regulation of downstream Ca2+/CaMKII signaling.
Mapping Conservatism of the Republican Era: Genesis and Typologies
Authors: Xu Aymeric 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChinese conservatism is often reduced to a cultural movement the main concern of which is the preservation of traditional culture. This article proposes a new framework with which to analyze modern Chinese conservatism. It identifies late Qing culturalist nationalism, which incorporates traditional culture into concrete political reforms inspired by modern Western politics, as the origin of conservatism in the Republican era. Conservatism in this period was a reaction against New Culture activists’ denial of the political utility of this culturalist nationalism and constituted a response to World War I, leading some to question the merits of Western civilization. As a result, tradition no longer unitarily evoked the cultural elements corresponding to modern Western politics. Adopting a typological approach in order to distinguish different types of conservatism by differentiating various political implications of traditional culture, it divides the Chinese conservatism of the Republican era into four typologies: liberal conservatism, antimodern conservatism, philosophical conservatism, and authoritarian conservatism.
Age of the Berlin moraine complex, New Hampshire, USA, and implications for ice sheet dynamics and climate during Termination 1
Authors: Bromley Gordon R.M. , Hall Brenda L. , Thompson Woodrow B. , Lowell Thomas V. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAt its late Pleistocene maximum, the Laurentide Ice Sheet was the largest ice mass on Earth and a key player in the modulation of global climate and sea level. At the same time, this temperate ice sheet was itself sensitive to climate, and high-magnitude fluctuations in ice extent, reconstructed from relict glacial deposits, reflect past changes in atmospheric temperature. Here, we present a cosmogenic 10Be surface-exposure chronology for the Berlin moraines in the White Mountains of northern New Hampshire, USA, which supports the model that deglaciation of New England was interrupted by a pronounced advance of ice during the Bølling-Allerød. Together with recalculated 10Be ages from the southern New England coast, the expanded White Mountains moraine chronology also brackets the timing of ice sheet retreat in this sector of the Laurentide. In conjunction with existing chronological data, the moraine ages presented here suggest that deglaciation was widespread during Heinrich Stadial 1 event (~18–14.7 ka) despite apparently cold marine conditions in the adjacent North Atlantic. As part of the White Mountains moraine system, the Berlin chronology also places a new terrestrial constraint on the former glacial configuration during the marine incursion of the St. Lawrence River valley north of the White Mountains.
Effects of pantothenic acid and folic acid supplementation on total tract digestibility coefficient, ruminal fermentation, microbial enzyme activity, microflora and urinary purine derivatives in dairy bulls
Authors: Wu Z. Z. , Wang C. , Zhang G. W. , Liu Q. , Guo G. , Huo W. J. , Zhang J. , Zhang Y. L. , Pei C. X. , Zhang S. L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe effects of pantothenic acid (PA) and folic acid (FA) addition on digestibility coefficient, ruminal fermentation and urinary purine derivative (PD) excretion in dairy bulls were evaluated. Eight rumen-cannulated Holstein dairy bulls were allocated to a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design according to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Diets were supplemented with two levels of FA (0 or 8.0 mg/kg dietary dry matter [DM]) and two of PA (0 or 60 mg/kg DM). The PA × FA interaction was not significant for all variables. Both supplements increased DM intake and average daily gain, but decreased a feed conversion ratio. Digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fibre increased, but ether extract digestibility was unchanged for both supplements. Digestibility of acid detergent fibre only increased with FA supplementation. For both supplements, ruminal pH and ammonia nitrogen (N) decreased, but total volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration increased. Acetate proportion only increased with FA supplementation. Propionate proportion decreased for both supplements. Consequently, the acetate to propionate ratio increased. For both supplements, activity of xylanase and pectinase, population ofRuminococcus albus,R. flavefaciens,Fibrobacter succinogenesandRuminobacter amylophilusand total PD excretion increased. Additionally, activity of carboxymethylcellulase, cellobiase,α-amylase and protease, and population of total bacteria, fungi, protozoa, methanogens,Butyrivibrio fibrisolvensandPrevotella ruminicolaincreased with FA addition. The results suggested that PA and FA supplementation stimulated ruminal microbial growth and enzyme activity, resulting in an increased digestibility coefficient and ruminal total VFA concentration in dairy bulls.
Precision medicine for long-term depression outcomes using the Personalized Advantage Index approach: cognitive therapy or interpersonal psychotherapy?
Authors: van Bronswijk Suzanne C. , DeRubeis Robert J. , Lemmens Lotte H. J. M. , Peeters Frenk P. M. L. , Keefe John R. , Cohen Zachary D. , Huibers Marcus J. H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundPsychotherapies for depression are equally effective on average, but individual responses vary widely. Outcomes can be improved by optimizing treatment selection using multivariate prediction models. A promising approach is the Personalized Advantage Index (PAI) that predicts the optimal treatment for a given individual and the magnitude of the advantage. The current study aimed to extend the PAI to long-term depression outcomes after acute-phase psychotherapy.MethodsData come from a randomized trial comparing cognitive therapy (CT, n = 76) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT, n = 75) for major depressive disorder (MDD). Primary outcome was depression severity, as assessed by the BDI-II, during 17-month follow-up. First, predictors and moderators were selected from 38 pre-treatment variables using a two-step machine learning approach. Second, predictors and moderators were combined into a final model, from which PAI predictions were computed with cross-validation. Long-term PAI predictions were then compared to actual follow-up outcomes and post-treatment PAI predictions.ResultsOne predictor (parental alcohol abuse) and two moderators (recent life events; childhood maltreatment) were identified. Individuals assigned to their PAI-indicated treatment had lower follow-up depression severity compared to those assigned to their PAI-non-indicated treatment. This difference was significant in two subsets of the overall sample: those whose PAI score was in the upper 60%, and those whose PAI indicated CT, irrespective of magnitude. Long-term predictions did not overlap substantially with predictions for acute benefit.ConclusionsIf replicated, long-term PAI predictions could enhance precision medicine by selecting the optimal treatment for a given depressed individual over the long term.
Psychophysiological influences on personality trajectories in adolescent females exposed to child maltreatment
Authors: Hassan Raha , MacMillan Harriet L. , Tanaka Masako , Schmidt Louis A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAlthough child maltreatment is a major public health concern, which adversely affects psychological and physical development, we know relatively little concerning psychophysiological and personality factors that may modify risk in children exposed to maltreatment. Using a three-wave, short-term prospective design, we examined the influence of individual differences in two disparate psychophysiological measures of risk (i.e., resting frontal brain electrical activity and respiratory sinus arrhythmia) on the trajectories of extraversion and neuroticism in a sample of female adolescents (N= 55;Mage = 14.02 years) exposed to child maltreatment. Adolescents exposed to child maltreatment with relatively higher left frontal absolute alpha power (i.e., lower brain activity) at rest exhibited increasing trajectories of extraversion, and adolescents exposed to child maltreatment with relatively lower respiratory sinus arrhythmia at rest displayed increasing trajectories of neuroticism over 1 year. Individual differences in psychophysiological measures indexing resting central and peripheral nervous system activity may therefore differentially influence personality characteristics in adolescent females exposed to child maltreatment.
Radiographic findings after stereotactic body radiation therapy for stage I non-small cell lung carcinomas: retrospective analysis of 90 patients
Authors: Menoux I. , Antoni D. , Santelmo N. , Truntzer P. , Schumacher C. , Labani A. , Noël G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAim:Stereotactic body radiation therapy for lung tumours can expose patients to radiation pneumonitis (RP) (<6 months after irradiation) and lung fibrosis (beyond 6 months). The aim of this study was to describe post-irradiation radiographics appearances.Materials and methods:This retrospective study of 90 patients with a stage I non-small cell lung carcinoma reports a detailed description of the computed tomography (CT) or positron emission tomography/CT changes that can be observed after treatment, according to modified Kimura score for RP and Koenig’s classification for fibrosis. This evaluation was realised at 1 month and then every 3–4 months, with a median follow-up of 35 months.Results:The most common radiological RP pattern was diffuse consolidation. It appears in a mean time of 4 months and reaches its maximum at 9 months after radiotherapy. Seventy-three per cent of the RP evolved to fibrosis. Most of these findings were encompassed in the 35 Gy isodose.Findings:Radiological parenchymal changes are frequent in the treatment region, which renders the tumour response monitoring by tumour size, particularly by response evaluation criteria in solid tumours, unsuitable.
Inheritance of resistance and response of Provisia™ rice to quizalofop-p-ethyl under U.S. field conditions
Authors: Camacho Jose R. , Linscombe Steve D. , Webster Eric P. , Oard James H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractProvisia™ rice was developed recently by the BASF Corporation for control of grass weeds and is complementary to existing Clearfield® technology. Our previous research showed that resistance of Provisia™ rice to the acetyl coenzyme-A carboxylase herbicide quizalofop-p-ethyl (QPE) in laboratory and greenhouse environments is governed by a single dominant Mendelian gene. However, these results may not be consistent in different populations or field environments. Therefore, the first objective of the current research is to determine the inheritance of resistance to QPE in rice using different segregating populations evaluated under U.S. field environments. The second objective is to evaluate the response of QPE-resistant breeding lines to various herbicide concentrations at two U.S. locations. Chi-square tests of 12 F2 populations evaluated in Louisiana during 2014 and 2015 indicated that QPE seedling resistance at 240 g ai ha−1 was governed by a single dominant Mendelian gene with no observable maternal effects. Similar results were obtained in five F3 populations derived from the aforementioned F2 populations. Allele-specific SNP markers for QPE resistance also followed Mendelian segregation in the five F2 populations. For the second objective, six QPE-resistant inbred lines showed transient leaf injury at 1× (120 g ai ha−1) or 2× (240 g ai ha−1) field rates 7 and 21 d after treatment (DAT). However, a trend of reduced injury (recovery) from 7 through 33 DAT was observed for all breeding material. No differences in grain yield were found between untreated QPE-resistant lines and those treated with 1× or 2× QPE field rate. Single gene inheritance and good levels of QPE herbicide field resistance in different genetic populations suggest feasibility for rapid and effective development of new QPE-resistant varieties and effective stewardship of the Provisia™ technology.
Conventional culture diagnostics vs. multiplex PCR for the detection	of causative agents of vascular graft infections – results of a single	centre observational pilot study
Authors: Schrimpf Claudia , Ziesing Stefan , Michelmann Petra , Rustum Saad , Teebken Omke Enno , Haverich Axel , Wilhelmi Mathias 
Published: November 2019

Summary: Background: Timely diagnosis of vascular graft infections is of major importance in vascular surgery. The detection of causative microorganisms is needed for specific medical treatment, but conventional culture is often slow, insensitive and inconclusive due to antibiotic pre-treatment. Detection of bacterial DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) might bypass these problems. We hypothesised that multiplex PCR (mPCR) is feasible, fast and sensitive to detect causative microorganisms in vascular graft infections. Patients and methods: We performed a pilot observational prospective study comparing conventional culture and a commercial mPCR. Inclusion criteria were: confirmed graft infection, suspicious imaging, clinical suspicion, anastomotic aneurysm and repeated graft occlusion. Diagnostic methods were performed using identical samples. Time to result, microorganisms and antibiotic resistance in both groups were compared using Student’s t-test or nonparametric tests. Results: 22 samples from 13 patients were assessed and 11 samples were negative for bacteria. Some showed multiple germs. In total, we found 15 different organisms. 13 samples matched, 9 had non-concordant results. Out of the mismatches 3 microorganisms identified in PCR were not detected by culture. Time to result with PCR was shorter (median 5 h vs. 72 h, p < 0.001) than with culture. No resistance genes were detected by mPCR, but conventional culture allowed susceptibility testing and revealed resistance in 5 samples. Conclusions: mPCR seems to be a feasible and quick tool to detect causes of vascular graft infections within 24 h and might be helpful in antibiotic pre-treated patients. The detection of antibiotic resistance with mPCR needs improvement for clinical practice.
Lightning NOx Production in the Tropics as Determined Using OMI NO2 Retrievals and WWLLN Stroke Data
Authors: Allen Dale J. , Pickering Kenneth E. , Bucsela Eric , Krotkov Nickolay , Holzworth Robert 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNitrogen oxide (NOx) production by lightning in the tropics is estimated using tropospheric NOx amounts (LNOx*) over deep convective grid boxes derived from Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) nitrogen dioxide (NO2) slant columns and detection‐efficiency–adjusted World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) flashes. The lightning NOx production efficiency (LNOx PE) in the tropics is determined for the austral and boreal summers of 2007 to 2011 by regressing regional mean daily values of LNOx* for individual seasons against daily flash totals during flash windows prior to the OMI overpass. LNOx PE is determined to be approximately two times larger over marine locations than over continental locations possibly because marine flashes are more energetic. Overall, the mean LNOx PE for the tropics is calculated to be 170 ± 100 mol per flash with values over the tropical Pacific (low flash rate region) being largest. The main contributors to uncertainties in PE are uncertainties in WWLLN flash detection efficiency, upper tropospheric NOx lifetime in the near field of convection, and air mass factor biases.
Effects of Air‐Sea Interaction on the Eyewall Replacement Cycle of Typhoon Sinlaku (2008): Verification of Numerical Simulation
Authors: Yang Lu , Cheng Xiaoping , Huang Xiaogang , Fei Jianfang , Li Xiangcheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo explore the effects of air‐sea interaction on the eyewall replacement cycle (ERC) of tropical cyclones (TCs), an ERC of Typhoon Sinlaku (2008) was reproduced using the high‐resolution coupled ocean‐atmosphere‐wave‐sediment transport (COAWST) model. The numerical simulations were evaluated with a wide range of observational datasets. Moreover, the importance of the ocean to ERC is discussed by comparing six sensitive experiments, that is, three uncoupled experiments with different time‐invariant sea surface temperatures, an ocean‐atmosphere coupled experiment, an ocean‐wave coupled experiment, and an ocean‐atmosphere‐wave fully coupled experiment. The results show that Sinlaku simulated by the fully coupled experiment was highly consistent with the observations, and the evolution of ERC varies from those only simulated by the atmospheric models in previous studies. When the ocean and waves were both considered, the lifetime of the ERC was significantly prolonged, even though the simulated Sinlaku was weakened by the cooling of the sea; the asymmetric distribution of the concentric eyewalls (CEs) which caused by the non‐uniform energy exchanges was also prominent. By contrast, without ocean coupling, the simulated secondary eyewall, composed of axisymmetric convections, exhibited false enhancement and fake inward contraction, and the duration of the ERC was also shorter than that actually observed. In conclusion, the results highlight the significance of ocean coupling for the numerical simulation of the ERC of a TC, including survival time and asymmetric structure.
Comprehensive Evaluation of Satellite‐Based Precipitation at Sub‐Daily Time Scales Over a High‐Profile Watershed with Complex Terrain
Authors: Liu Shuang , Hu Kaiheng , Zhang Shaojie , Zeng Yujin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this study, a preliminary quantitative evaluation of global precipitation measurement (GPM) mission precipitation products at sub‐daily time scales was performed in a typical and small watershed with complex terrain in southwestern China. The world heritage Jiuzhaigou Valley, which has been affected by many rainfall‐triggered debris‐flow disasters after the Ms 7.0 earthquake on 8 August 2017, was selected as the study area. The “early”, “late” and “final” half‐hourly GPM precipitations and hourly observations by four rainfall stations were used, and various indicators (general statistical indices, classification indicators, and a joint probability distribution function) were adopted as metrics to evaluate the GPM rainfall. Results indicated that the early and late hourly products showed a medium degree of correlation with ground observations, while the final hourly product showed better performances and may be used for research‐level applications in the study area. GPM products could approximately reproduce the diurnal cycles of observed precipitation whereas the relationship between peak rainfall and duration spell was in good agreement with ground observations. The 1‐hour final product was unable to significantly reduce the rate of missing report for rain although it was calibrated by global monthly data. An event‐based evaluation showed that the GPM performed well for the cumulative rainfall. The assessment results support the development of early‐warning models for rainfall‐triggered geological disasters, provide useful implications on the improvement of rainfall retrieval algorithm in complex mountainous areas, and may be used as reference for scientific studies in poorly sampled regions with similar geographical conditions as the Jiuzhaigou Valley.