bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of important outcomes of moral case deliberations: a qualitative study among healthcare professionals in childhood cancer care
Authors: Weiner Charlotte , Pergert Pernilla , Molewijk Bert , Castor Anders , Bartholdson Cecilia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: In childhood cancer care, healthcare professionals must deal with several difficult moral situations in clinical practice. Previous studies show that morally difficult challenges are related to decisions on treatment limitations, infringing on the child's integrity and growing autonomy, and interprofessional conflicts. Research also shows that healthcare professionals have expressed a need for ethics support to help them deal with morally difficult situations. Moral case deliberations (MCDs) are one example of ethics support. The aim of this study was to describe the MCD-related outcomes that HCPs in childhood cancer care considered important, before MCDs were implemented, in order to facilitate the implementation of MCDs in childhood cancer care in Sweden.METHODS: This study is based on qualitative data. Healthcare professionals, mostly representing registered nurses, nursing assistants and physicians, working at childhood cancer care centres in Sweden, were invited to respond to the translated and content-validated European Moral Case Deliberation Outcomes Instrument, before participating in regular MCDs. The main open-ended question included in the questionnaire was analysed according to systematic text condensation. RESULTS: Data was collected from 161 responses from the healthcare professionals who were invited to participate. The responses included healthcare professionals’ perceptions of which MCD-related outcomes they found important for handling moral challenges. Three different themes of important outcomes from the analysis of the data are presented as follows: Interprofessional well-being in team interactions on a team level; Professional comfort when dealing with moral challenges on a personal level; and Improved quality of care on a care level. CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare professionals in childhood cancer care considered it important that ethics support could enhance the well-being of interprofessional teams, support healthcare professionals on an individual level and improve quality of care. The results of this study can be used in current and future training for MCD-facilitators. When knowing the context specific important MCD-outcomes, the sessions could be adapted. Managers in childhood cancer care would benefit from knowing about the specific important outcomes for their target group because they could then tailor the conditions.
Characterization of bacterial community in the rumen of bovine with laminitis using high-throughput sequencing
Authors: Guo Jian , Liu Bo , Maimai Tuniyazi. , Zhao Caijun , Cao Yongguo , Zhang Naisheng , Hu Xiaoyu , Fu Yunhe 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Laminitis- an inflammation of lamella, could cause great economic loss to dairy industry, which has attracted wide attention around the world. Although previous researches explored risk factors of laminitis, the exact pathological mechanism of laminitis is still remaining unclear. In recent years, microbiota is considered as one of the vital parts that played significant role in various diseases processes. However, current studies are far from sufficient. Aim of this study is to explore the characteristics of ruminal microbiota in laminitis cows.Results: The serum of bovines with or without laminitis from farms was collected to detect concentrations of LPS, lactic acid, and histamine, and the ruminal fluid was collected for 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The results showed that there was a significant increase in LPS and lactic acid levels in laminitis group comparing to control group cows. In addition, the higher abundance of bacteria that -riches acid-enhancing metabolites, namely, Candidatus Saccharimonas, Saccharofermentans, Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-009, Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-008, Clostridium papyrosolvens and Ruminococcaceae bacterium AE2021 were detected in the rumen fluid from laminitis bovines.Conclusions: This article confirmed that difference of rumen microbiota were occurred in rumen between health and laminitis bovines. The elevated abundance of bacteria that riches acid- enhancing metabolites, as well as increased the concentration of lactic acid and LPS could be harmful factors to bovines and increase risks of laminitis.
What is the role of locoregional anesthesia in breast surgery? A systematic literature review focused on pain intensity, opioid consumption, adverse events, and patient satisfaction
Authors: Sansone Pasquale , Giaccari Luca Gregorio , Faenza Mario , Costanzo Pasquale Di , Izzo Sara , Aurilio Caterina , Coppolino Francesco , Passavanti Maria Beatrice , Pota Vincenzo , Pace Maria Caterina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast surgery in the United States is common. Pain affects up to 50% of women undergoing breast surgery and can interfere with postoperative outcomes. General anesthesia is the conventional, most frequently used anaesthetic technique. Various locoregional anesthetic techniques are also used for breast surgeries. A systematic review of the use of locoregional anesthesia for postoperative pain in breast surgery is needed to clarify its role in pain management.Objectives: To systematically review literature to establish the efficacy and the safety of locoregional anesthesia used in the treatment of pain after breast surgery.Methods: Embase, MEDLINE, Google Scholar and Cochrane Central Trials Register were systematically searched in Mars 2020 for studies examining locoregional anesthesia for management of pain in adults after breast surgery. The methodological quality of the studies and their results were appraised using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist and specific measurement properties criteria, respectively.Results: Nineteen studies evaluating locoregional anesthesia were included: 1058 patients underwent lumpectomy/mastectomy, 142 breast augmentation and 79 breast reduction. Locoregional anesthesia provides effective anesthesia and analgesia in the perioperative setting, however no statistically significant difference emerged if compared to other techniques. For mastectomy only, the use of locoregional techniques reduces pain in the first hour after the end of the surgery if compared to other procedures (p = 0.02). Other potentially beneficial effects of locoregional anesthesia include decreased need for opioids, decreased postoperative nausea and vomiting, fewer complications and increased patient satisfaction. All this improves postoperative recovery and shortens hospitalization stay. In none of these cases, locoregional anesthesia was statistically superior to other techniques.Conclusion: The results of our review showed no differences between locoregional anesthesia and other techniques in the management of breast surgery. Locoregional techniques are superior in reducing pain in the first hour after mastectomy.
Selected ions and major- and trace elements as contaminants in coal-waste dump water from the Lower- and Upper Silesian Coal Basins (Poland)
Authors: Lewińska-Preis Lucyna , Szram Ewa , Fabiańska Monika , Nádudvari Ádám , Misz-Kennan Magdalena , Abramowicz Anna , Kruszewski Łukasz , Kita Andrzej 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Many temporary- and permanent reservoirs of water occur on or near coal-waste dumps in the Lower- and Upper Silesian Coal Basins (Poland). Little or nothing is known of the degree to which their water chemistry might reflect (a) reservoir type, i.e., whether permanent or temporary, (b) level of coal-waste thermal activity, i.e., whether inactive or self-heating or burnt-out or (c) region, i.e., whether the dumps are in Upper- or Lower Silesia. To provide some answers, concentrations of selected ions (NH4+, HCO3-, F-, Cl-, Br-, NO2-, NO3-, PO43-,SO42-) were determined by ion chromatography and of nineteen elements (Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Pb, S, Si, Sr, Zn) by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The data allow a number of the following observations. When permanent reservoirs are considered, there is a clear relationship between concentrations of ions and major- and trace elements and dump thermal activity. The highest concentrations occur where the thermal activity is high as inorganic components are transformed into more water-soluble forms. As dump thermal activity shows a regional pattern, it follows also that elemental- and ion concentrations in the dump waters show significant regional differences. In temporary reservoirs, concentrations of ions and major- and trace elements are much lower and any correlations between components less significant than in the permanent reservoirs; these reservoirs exist for too short a time for any balance between coal waste- and water components to be established.
Associations between metabolic syndrome and type of dementia: Analysis based on the National Health Insurance Service database of Gangwon province in South Korea
Authors: KIM YEO JIN , Kim Sang Mi , Jeong Dae Hyun , Lee Sang-Kyu , Ahn Moo-Eob , Ryu Ohk-Hyun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMetabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that occur together, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between metabolic syndrome and dementia has remained controversial. Using nationwide population cohort data, we investigated the association between metabolic syndrome and dementia, according to the dementia type.MethodsWe analyzed data of 84,144 individuals, in the aged group of more than 60 years, between January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2009, at Gangwon province by using the information of the (Korean) National Health Insurance Service. After eight years of gap, in 2017, we investigated the relationship between metabolic syndrome and dementia. We classified Dementia either as dementia of the Alzheimer type (AD) or vascular dementia (VD). AD and VD were defined as per the criteria of International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Multiple logistic regression analyses examined the associations between metabolic syndrome or five metabolic syndrome components and dementia. Analyses included factors like age, sex, smoking, alcohol, physical inactivity, previous stroke, and previous cardiac disease.ResultsMetabolic syndrome was associated with AD (OR= 11.48, 95% CI 9.03-14.59), not with VD. All five components of metabolic syndrome were associated with AD, independently. (high serum triglycerides: OR= 1.87, 95% CI 1.60-2.19; high blood pressure: OR =1.85, 95% CI 1.55-2.21; high glucose: OR= 1.77, 95% CI 1.52-2.06; abdominal obesity: OR= 1.88, 95% CI 1.57-2.25; low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: OR= 1.91, 95% CI 1.63-2.24) However, among components of metabolic syndrome, only the high glucose level was associated with VD. (OR= 1.26, 95% CI= 1.01-1.56) Body Mass Index (BMI), fasting glucose, and smoking were also associated with AD. A history of the previous stroke was associated with both AD and VD.ConclusionsMetabolic syndrome was found associated with AD but not with VD. Patients with metabolic syndrome had an 11.48 times more likeliness to develop AD compared to those without metabolic syndrome. VD was associated only with several risk factors that could affect the vascular state rather than a metabolic syndrome. We suggested that the effect of metabolic syndrome on dementia would vary depending on the type of dementia.
Carbon Neutral Bhutan: sustaining carbon neutral status under growth pressures.
Authors: Yangka Dorji , Rauland Vanessa , Newman Peter 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Bhutan has pledged to remain carbon neutral (CN) in perpetuity. Whether they can sustain this is questionable due to the country’s increasing economic growth (GDP) and commitment to gross national happiness (GNH) outcomes, both of which can lead to a rise in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The nexus between GHG, GNH and GDP is the essence of the Paris Agreement and Sustainable Development Goals global project.Results: Through scenario modelling using the Long-range Energy Alternative Planning (LEAP) model, the study finds that the carbon neutral declaration will derail between 2037 and 2050 without mitigation measures. By putting in place mitigation measures especially in the industry and transport sectors, CN can be retained even under high growth pressure, which may cost just 2% of GDP. CN can be easily retained under low economic growth, but this could undermine GNH. High growth will require immediate interventions to enable electrification of industry and transport.Conclusions: The options to remain CN will require Bhutan to adopt more efficient technologies and electrify industry and transport under both low and high growth scenarios. The additional cost to the Bhutanese economy is feasible through low and high growth opportunities. The options are similar to those confronting emerging nations struggling with issues of climate commitments under economic growth pressures. All will need to adapt their specific economic contexts to achieve the simultaneous objectives of the Sustainable Development Goals whilst addressing the net zero Paris agenda. Bhutan shows it is possible.
Alterations in MicroRNA Gene Expression Profile in Liver Transplant Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Afshari Afsoon , Yaghobi Ramin , Karimi Mohammad hossin , Mowla Jvad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: HCC can lead to liver failure, rendering liver transplant. Since miRNAs can receive early evaluation before clinical symptoms are manifested, they might be detected as biomarkers of several disorders. Therefore, in the present study, alterations in miRNAs as biomarkers were detected in LT patients with HCC.Methods: Fourteen tissue samples composed of 5 rejected and 9 non-rejected ones were used for studying the microRNAs expression pattern by LNA-array probe. The result was evaluated by qRT-PCR on 30 other tissue samples composed of 10 rejected and 20 non-rejected ones for the selected miRNAs. All samples were collected from liver transplanted patients with HCC. Results: The study results revealed that in rejected patients compared to non-rejected ones, hsa-miR-3158-5p, -4449, -4511, and -4633-5p were up-regulated and hsa-miR-122-3p, -194-5p, 548as-3p, and -4284 were down-regulated. Conclusion: It was concluded that the tissue levels of specific miRNAs (especially hsa-miR-3158-5p, -4449, -194-5p and -548as-3p) correlated well with the development of HCC, which could be further studied as biomarkers.
Performance of the recommended ESC/EASD cardiovascular risk stratification model and SCORE in comparison to NT-proBNP as a single biomarker for risk prediction in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Prausmüller Suriya , Resl Michael , Arfsten Henrike , Spinka Georg , Wurm Raphael , Neuhold Stephanie , Bartko Philipp , Goliasch Georg , Strunk Guido , Pavo Noemi , Clodi Martin , Hülsmann Martin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background. Recently, the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Association for the Society of Diabetes (EASD) introduced a new cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk stratification model to aid further treatment decisions in individuals with diabetes. Our study aimed to investigate the prognostic performance of the ESC/EASD risk model and the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) in comparison to NT-proBNP in an unselected cohort of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods & Results. A total of 1690 T2DM patients with a 10-year follow up for fatal CVD and all-cause death and a 5-year follow up for CVD and all-cause hospitalizations were analyzed. According to ESC/EASD risk criteria 25 (1.5%) patients were classified as moderate, 252 (14.9%) high, 1125 (66.6%) very high risk and 288 (17.0%) were not classifiable. Both, NT-proBNP and SCORE risk model were associated with 10-year CVD and all-cause death and 5-year CVD and all-cause hospitalizations while the ESC/EASD model was only associated with 10-year all-cause death and 5-year all-cause hospitalizations. NT-proBNP showed significantly higher C-indices than the ESC/EASD and SCORE risk model for CVD death [0.80 vs 0.53 vs 0.64, p<0.001] and all-cause death [0.73 vs 0.52 vs 0.66, p<0.001]. The performance of SCORE improved in a subgroup without CVD aged 40-64 years compared to the unselected cohort, while NT-proBNP performance was robust across all groups.Conclusion. The new introduced ESC/EASD risk stratification model performed limited compared to SCORE and single NT-proBNP assessment for predicting 10-year CVD and all-cause fatal events in individuals with T2DM.
Donor heart preservation with hypoxic conditioned medium derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell improves cardiac function in a heart transplantation model
Authors: Zhou Pengyu , Liu Hao , Liu Ximao , Ling Xiao , Xiao Zezhou , Zhu Peng , Zhu Yufeng , Lu Jun , Zheng Shaoyi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: In heart transplantation, donor hearts inevitably suffer from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, which leads to primary graft dysfunction and affects patients’ survival rate. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been reported to attenuate myocardial I/R injury via their paracrine effects, which can be enhanced by hypoxic preconditioning. We hypothesized that the donor heart preservation with hypoxic conditioned medium (CdM) derived from BMSCs would improve post-transplant graft function. Methods: Normoxic or hypoxic CdM were isolated from rat BMSCs cultured under normoxic (20% O2) or hypoxic (1% O2) condition. Donor hearts were explanted, stored in cardioplegic solution supplemented with either a medium (Vehicle), normoxic CdM (N-CdM), or hypoxic CdM (H-CdM), and then heterotopically transplanted. Antibody arrays were performed to compare the differences between hypoxic and normoxic CdM.Results: After heart transplantation, the donor heart preservation with normoxic CdM was associated with a shorter time to return of spontaneous contraction and left ventricular systolic diameter, lower histopathological scores, higher ejection fraction, and fractional shortening of transplanted hearts. The cardioprotective effects may be associated with the inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation, as reflected by less TUNEL-positive cells and lower levels of plasma proinflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α) and cardiac troponin I in the N-CdM group compared with the vehicle group. These therapeutic effects can be further enhanced by hypoxic preconditioning. Antibody arrays revealed that nine proteins were significantly increased in hypoxic CdM compared with normoxic CdM. Furthermore, compared with vehicle and N-CdM groups, the protein levels of PI3K and p‐Akt/Akt ratio in the transplanted hearts significantly increased in the H-CdM group. However, no significant difference was found in the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 for the donor hearts among the three groups. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the cardioplegic solution-enriched with hypoxic CdM can be a novel and promising preservation solution for donor hearts.
Differences Between Autistic and Non-autistic Adults in the Recognition of Anger From Dynamic Expressions Remain After Controlling for Alexithymia.
Authors: Keating Connor Tom , Sowden Sophie L , Fraser Dagmar S , Cook Jennifer L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A burgeoning literature suggests that alexithymia, and not autism, is responsible for the difficulties with static emotion recognition that are documented in the autistic population. Here we investigate whether alexithymia can also account for difficulties with dynamic facial expressions. Autistic and control adults (N=60) matched on age, gender, non-verbal reasoning ability and alexithymia, completed an emotion recognition task, which employed dynamic point light displays of emotional facial expressions that varied in speed and spatial exaggeration. The ASD group exhibited significantly lower recognition accuracy for angry, but not happy or sad, expressions with normal speed and spatial exaggeration. The level of autistic, and not alexithymic, traits was a significant predictor of accuracy for angry expressions with normal speed and spatial exaggeration.
Níveis de aplicação de silício em Oryza sativa l. influenciados pela correção do solo
Authors: Galvão Jessivaldo Rodrigues , Oliveira Paulo Custódio Gomes de , Parise Francisco José de Oliveira , Gomes Debora Oliveira , Santana Mateus  Augusto de Carvalho , Viana Thiago Costa , Campos Carrera Jeferson , Jesus Andreza Mayra Baena Souza de 
Published: December 2020

O arroz tem uma grande capacidade de absorver silício (Si) nas raízes, que se acumula na parte aérea da planta, acompanhando o fluxo da transpiração. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar como o Si e a calagem afetam a fitometria e o teor de silício em plantas de arroz (Oryza sativa L.). Foi aplicado um total de 5 g de calcário por vaso contendo 5 kg de solo. As doses de silício foram: 0; 0,25; 0,50; 0,75 e 1 g por vaso com e sem correção, com quatro repetições. Cinco sementes foram semeadas por vaso e a fertilização foi realizada de acordo com a necessidade da colheita. Após dois meses, o material vegetal foicoletado, seco em estufa a 60 ° C e o teor de silício foi analisado. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e regressão utilizando o software Sisvar. Os resultados mostraram que a calagem proporcionoumaior absorção de Si pelas plantas. Plantas que não foram submetidas à calagem apresentaram aumentostanto na massa seca quanto na verde. As doses de silício resultaram em um aumento linear na produção demassa de broto verde e massa seca de plantas de arroz.
Effect of climate change on long-term river geometric variation in Andong Dam watershed, Korea
Authors: Lee Jong Mun , Ahn Jungkyu , Kim Young Do , Kang Boosik 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Because of multifunctional weirs installed as part of large river regulation works in Korea, water quality problems have arisen from environmental changes in tandem with decreased flow rates. However, there has been limited research into the green algae removal effect, water quality improvement in congested waters, dam and weir operations, and consequential riverbed changes. Studies regarding outflow in a basin, the application and development of sediment load output analysis methods, feasibility of related dam operations, and riverbed patterns have been separately performed. However, basins and rivers should be analyzed by an integrated method instead of an individual one. Therefore, in the present study, the effect of congestion on a river connected to a dam/weir and estuary bank was analyzed based on climate change scenarios HadGEM3-RA RCP 4.5 and 8.5, with the aim of integrating individual studies using watershed and river models. Flow was controlled by dam- and weir-related discharge simulations. Variations in the riverbed caused by the transfer of suspended load in the downstream region were analyzed for both long and short durations. The results of this analysis suggest that given future climate change scenarios, the width of the river and riverbed variations in the riverbed are expected to rise.