bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significance of abnormal umbilical artery Doppler studies in normally grown fetuses
Authors: Al Hamayel Nebras Abu , Baghlaf Haitham , Blakemore Karin , Crino Jude P. , Burd Irina 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether there is a relationship between abnormal umbilical artery Doppler studies (UADS) and small for gestational age (SGA) birth weight and other adverse perinatal outcomes in fetuses that appear normally grown by ultrasound.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of all women who had UADS performed at or after 26 weeks of gestation at our institution between January 2005 and December 2012. Women were excluded if they had a fetal demise, a fetus with growth restriction, a fetus with congenital anomaly, or a multiple gestation. Women with missing delivery outcomes were excluded. The primary outcome was birth weight below the 10th percentile.ResultsThere were 2744 women included in the study. Of those, 98 (3.6%) had an abnormal UADS, and 379 (13.8%) had an SGA neonate. Of the 2646 women who had a normal UADS, 353 (13.3%) women had an SGA neonate. Twenty-six (26.5%) of the 98 women who had an abnormal UADS had an SGA neonate. After adjusting for potential confounders, the adjusted odds ratio for an SGA neonate with an abnormal UADS was 2.2 (95% CI, 1.38–3.58;p <  0.05). In examining other adverse perinatal outcomes, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission and low 5-min Apgar scores were 12.4 and 2.3%, respectively. The adjusted odds ratio for NICU admission was 1.84 (95% CI, 1.06–3.21;p <  0.05). Abnormal UADS was not associated with low Apgar scores (aOR 1.39: 95% CI 0.47–4.07;p > 0.05).ConclusionsOur data suggest that abnormal UADS in fetuses that appear normally grown by ultrasound are associated with SGA neonates and NICU admission.
Comparison of qPCR and blood smear microscopy for the diagnosis of Mycoplasma suis in a French veterinary practice
Authors: Normand Valérie , Boulbria Gwenaël , Brissonnier Mathieu , Bachy Véronique , Moalic Pierre-Yves , Berton Pauline , Bouchet Franck , Lebret Arnaud 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMycoplasma suis (M. suis) is an haemotropic Mycoplasma that adheres and invades erythrocytes and is responsible for infectious anaemia of pigs. Infections with M. suis have been reported worldwide. Clinical signs after M. suis infection can be significant particularly for the breeding herd in the period around farrowing but consequences are highly variable with some infected pigs never exhibiting clinical disease. The study aimed to determine the clinical relevance of Giemsa-stained blood smear for the diagnosis of M. suis compared with qPCR results. In our study, the comparison of qPCR results with microscopic investigation of Giemsa-stained blood smears revealed a lower sensitivity of the microscopic method: only 33 out of 102 qPCR positive blood samples were microscopically positive (M. suis visualised). No relationship between mean qPCR loads and microscopic observation was observed. Although more costly, qPCR is probably the best diagnostic tool available today for M. suis diagnosis.
Upfront surgical resection for primary bone tumors: rationale and potential benefits
Authors: Zvi Yoav S. , Singla Amit , Chou Alexander J. , Tingling Janet , Yang Rui , Hoang Bang H. , Geller David S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLocal control for the treatment of primary bone tumors is generally delayed following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This was born out of the historical need to manufacture custom implants when performing limb-salvage resection. There is increasing reason to reconsider the timing of local control in the setting of primary bone tumors. In this report, we describe two cases in which upfront surgery was utilized and review rationale, prior literature, and potential benefits of this approach.
QTL mapping for plant height and fruit branch number based on RIL population of upland cotton
Authors: LIU Ruixian , XIAO Xianghui , GONG Juwu , LI Junwen , ZHANG Zhen , LIU Aiying , LU Quanwei , SHANG Haihong , SHI Yuzhen , GE Qun , IQBAL Muhammad Sajid , CHEN Quanjia , YUAN Youlu , GONG Wankui 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Plant height (PH) and fruit branch number (FBN) are important traits for improving yield and mechanical harvesting of cotton. In order to identify genes of PH and FBN in cotton germplasms to develop superior cultivars, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for these traits were detected based on the phenotypic evaluation data in nine environments across four locations and 4 years and a previously reported genetic linkage map of an recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of upland cotton.

Results
In total, 53 QTLs of PH and FBN, were identified on 21 chromosomes of the cotton genome except chromosomes c02, c09-c11, and c22. For PH, 27 QTLs explaining 3.81%–8.54% proportions of phenotypic variance were identified on 18 chromosomes except c02, c08-c12, c15, and c22. For FBN, 26 QTLs explaining 3.23%–11.00% proportions of phenotypic variance were identified on 16 chromosomes except c02-c03, c06, c09-c11, c17, c22-c23, and c25. Eight QTLs were simultaneously identified in at least two environments. Three QTL clusters containing seven QTLs were identified on three chromosomes (c01, c18 and c21). Eleven QTLs were the same as previously reported ones, while the rest were newly identified.

Conclusions
The QTLs and QTL clusters identified in the current study will be helpful to further understand the genetic mechanism of PH and FBN development of cotton and will enhance the development of excellent cultivars for mechanical managements in cotton production.
Recent physical conditions and health service utilization in people with common mental disorders and severe mental illness in England: Comparative cross-sectional data from a nationally representative sample
Authors: Buhagiar Kurt , Templeton Georgia , Osborn David P. J. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Background.
Policies addressing the physical health of people with mental disorders have historically focused on those with severe mental illness (SMI), giving less prominence to the more prevalent common mental disorders (CMDs). Little is known about the comparative physical health outcomes of these patient groups. We aimed to first compare the: (a) number of past-year chronic physical conditions and (b) recent physical health service utilization between CMDs vs. SMI, and secondly compare these outcomes between people with CMDs vs. people without mental disorders.

Methods.
We analyzed cross-sectional data from the third Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey, a representative sample of the English population. We determined the presence of physical conditions and health service utilization by self-report and performed logistic regression models to examine associations of these outcomes between participant groups.

Results.
Past-year physical conditions were reported by the majority of participants (CMDs, n = 815, 62.1%; SMI = 27, 63.1%) with no variation in the adjusted odds of at least one physical condition between diagnoses (odds ratio [OR] = 0.96, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.42–1.98, p = 0.784). People with CMDs were significantly more likely to be recently hospitalized relative to with those with SMI (OR = 6.33, 95% CI 5.50–9.01, p < 0.05). Having a CMD was associated with significantly higher odds of past-year physical conditions and recent health service utilization (all p < 0.001) compared with the general population.

Conclusions.
People with CMDs experience excess physical health morbidities in a similar pattern to those found among people with SMI, while their somatic hospitalization rates are even more elevated. Findings highlight the importance of recalibrating existing public health strategies to bring equity to the physical health needs of this patient group.
Arp2/3 nucleates F-actin coating of fusing insulin granules in pancreatic β cells to control insulin secretion
Authors: Ma Wei , Chang Jenny , Tong Jason , Ho Uda , Yau Belinda , Kebede Melkam A. , Thorn Peter 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
F-actin dynamics are known to control insulin secretion, but the point of intersection with the stimulus-secretion cascade is unknown. Here, using multiphoton imaging of β cells isolated from Lifeact-GFP transgenic mice, we show that glucose stimulation does not cause global changes in subcortical F-actin. Instead, we observe spatially discrete and transient F-actin changes around each fusing granule. This F-actin remodelling is dependent on actin nucleation and is observed for granule fusion induced by either glucose or high potassium stimulation. Using GFP-labelled proteins, we identify local enrichment of Arp3, dynamin 2 and clathrin, all occurring after granule fusion, suggesting early recruitment of an endocytic complex to the fusing granules. Block of Arp2/3 activity with drugs or shRNA inhibits F-actin coating, traps granules at the cell membrane and reduces insulin secretion. Block of formin-mediated actin nucleation also blocks F-actin coating, but has no effect on insulin secretion. We conclude that local Arp2/3-dependent actin nucleation at the sites of granule fusion plays an important role in post-fusion granule dynamics and in the regulation of insulin secretion.
Processos que tecem corpos: a relação entre corpos e casas entre os Mebêngôkre
Authors: Earp Julia Sá , Betim Fernando 
Published: February 2020

Com o propósito de realizar um artigo investigativo sobre a casa mebêngôkre (Kayapó) este trabalho se vale da experiência de construção interétnica na aldeia Kawatum como campo que possibilita a análise comparativa das noções de casa e projeto enquanto questões que insurgem a partir da prática de construção coletiva entre arquitetos não-indígenas e Mebêngôkre. Com isso, levando a sério a impossibilidade de uma tradução, busca-se um caminho para além de uma análise pragmática sobre o kikré (suas casas), com a intenção de tecer os campos do design, arquitetura e antropologia, em busca de uma aproximação da ideia de projeto da casa mebêngôkre no emaranhado de seus processos e cosmovisões.
POLÍTICA URBANA NO BRASIL: A DIFÍCIL REGULAÇÃO DE UMA URBANIZAÇÃO PERIFÉRICA
Authors: Santos Angela Moulin S. Penalva 
Published: February 2020

Neste artigo explora-se a difícil regulação do processo de urbanização brasileiro ao longo do século XX e os desafios que emergem no século XXI. Inicia-se com uma descrição do processo de urbanização no Brasil, visando associar a transformação de uma sociedade rural em outra de base urbano-industrial. Em seguida, destaca-se o avanço na legislação urbanística introduzida no período pós-constitucional, marcado por um aumento dos direitos sociais no país. E, apesar deste avanço, persistiu a urbanização periférica, característica do processo de urbanização brasileiro, o que permite situar o fracasso do avanço normativo das políticas urbanas em ter efetividade em prol de uma urbanização social e inclusiva da população pobre.
REGULARIZAÇÃO FUNDIÁRIA URBANA: PRETENSOS CONTRIBUTOS PARA REGULAMENTAÇÃO DA LEI FEDERAL N. 13.465/2017 E PARA A CONSTRUÇÃO DO PLANO DIRETOR DA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO 2021
Authors: Correia Arícia Fernandes 
Published: February 2020

A Lei Federal n. 13.465/2017 expressamente dispensa a intervenção do legislador local para a aplicabilidade imediata de seus preceitos, tornando despicienda em tese a atuação do legislador local. Ocorre que a lei federal traça normas gerais (i) cujas especificidades, em matéria de regularização fundiária para a população de baixa renda, já estão disciplinadas pelo parlamentar municipal carioca e (ii) cujas potencialidades, em matéria de regularização fundiária para a população de média e alta renda, podem ser exploradas diante das especificidades locais e dos princípios constitucionais de direito urbanístico que o informam, de modo que torna sua regulamentação local, por lei formal, um valioso instrumento de Política Urbana. A regulamentação municipal da nova lei federal sobre regularização fundiária urbana passa a ser um desafio também para que (i) o planejamento urbano ex ante não seja convertido em convalidação da ilegalidade urbana ex post e (ii) se promova uma regularização fundiária urbana sustentável capaz de gerar uma cidade supostamente menos iníqua e desigual, já que sua aplicação acrítica tende a provocar concentração fundiária, o que concorreria justamente para o quadro fático oposto ao que dela se espera, e (iii) se promova a mudança do status quo ante e não sua mera legitimação estatal. Por outro lado, nada obsta que desde logo se verifique como o anteprojeto de novo Plano Diretor da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro deve cuidar do tema da regularização fundiária urbana, diante das diretrizes gerais ditadas pelo marco regulatório nacional.
Effects of condensation and compressive strain on implant primary stability
Authors: Li Zhijun , Arioka Masaki , Liu Yindong , Aghvami Maziar , Tulu Serdar , Brunski John B. , Helms Jill A. 
Published: February 2020

Aims Surgeons and most engineers believe that bone compaction improves implant primary stability without causing undue damage to the bone itself. In this study, we developed a murine distal femoral implant model and tested this dogma. Methods Each mouse received two femoral implants, one placed into a site prepared by drilling and the other into the contralateral site prepared by drilling followed by stepwise condensation. Results Condensation significantly increased peri-implant bone density but it also produced higher strains at the interface between the bone and implant, which led to significantly more bone microdamage. Despite increased peri-implant bone density, condensation did not improve implant primary stability as measured by an in vivo lateral stability test. Ultimately, the condensed bone underwent resorption, which delayed the onset of new bone formation around the implant. Conclusion Collectively, these multiscale analyses demonstrate that condensation does not positively contribute to implant stability or to new peri-implant bone formation. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res. 2020;9(2):60–70.
A DANÇA ESPORTIVA NOS GAY GAMES: CONTEXTUALIZANDO AS QUESTÕES DE GÊNERO
Authors: Silva Renata Laudares , Trevisan Priscila Raquel Tedesco da Costa , Carmo Elisangela Gisele do , Rodrigues Nara Heloisa , Fukushima Raiana Lídice Mor , Schwartz Gisele Maria 
Published: February 2020

Este estudo qualitativo investigou as questões relativas ao universo da dança no contexto das competições entre casais do mesmo sexo nos Gay Games, em vídeos disponibilizados no Youtube®. A pesquisa exploratória foi realizada por meio de Análise Videográfica, a qual resultou na elaboração de 2 eixos: 1-estilos de dança, 2- condução e gênero. Os resultados indicam que os casais do mesmo sexo seguem as mesmas regras e normas estipuladas para este tipo de competição esportiva. A condução na dança já quebra os padrões e estereótipos tradicionais desta modalidade, alternando-se as dominâncias, o que favorece processos criativos para a dança a dois. Esta modalidade pode representar uma alternativa para a transformação e rompimento das relações desiguais de poder e da hegemonia existente para essas práticas, merecendo novos estudos.
Молдавские социальные элиты в истории Сербии. Страницы из истории брака Наталии Кешко и Милана Обреновича
Authors: Zabolotnaia Lilia 
Published: February 2020

В данной статье, была сделана попытка реконструировать некоторые фрагменты из жизни Натальи Обренович, урожденной Кешко, через призму ее личностного, эмоционального восприятия событий: замужества, семейной жизни, развода и разлучения с сыном. Основными источниками исследования являются документы из российских архивных фондов (письма, газетные статьи, воспоминания). Автор предполагает, что брак имел далеко идущие, дальновидные планы по династическому сращиванию и укреплению позиций молдо-сербской аристократии на Балканах. Однако матримониальный союз не сложился в силу ряда обстоятельств: из-за семейных раздоров, несовместимости характеров, но особенно из-за разности политических воззрений. В истории трагического распада семьи не последнюю роль сыграло стремление Натальи властвовать и править страной. Микроисторической подход, междисциплинарный принцип исследования позволяют максимально детализировано изучить частные явления (развод, разлучение с сыном), происходившие в жизни нашей героини в контексте господствующих представлений и тенденций в обществе в целом.
Refugees’ dehumanization in the Spanish media: A corpus-assisted study within the semantic preference framework
Authors: Alcaraz-Mármol Gema , Soto-Almela Jorge 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The dehumanization of migrants and refugees in the media has been the object of numerous critical discourse analyses and metaphor-based studies which have primarily dealt with English written news articles. This paper, however, addresses the dehumanizing language which is used to refer to refugees in a 1.8-million-word corpus of Spanish news articles collected from the digital libraries of El Mundo and El País, the two most widely read Spanish newspapers. Our research particularly aims to explore how the dehumanization of the lemma refugiado is constructed through the identification of semantic preferences. It is concerned with synchronic and diachronic aspects, offering results on the evolution of refugees’ dehumanization from 2010 to 2016. The dehumanizing collocates are determined via a corpus-based analysis, followed by a detailed manual analysis conducted in order to label the different collocates of refugiado semantically and classify them into more specific semantic subsets. The results show that the lemma refugiado usually collocates with dehumanizing words that express, by frequency order, quantification, out-of-control phenomenon, objectification, and economic burden. The analysis also demonstrates that the collocates corresponding to these four semantic subsets are unusually frequent in the 2015–16 period, giving rise to seasonal collocates strongly related to the Syrian civil war and other Middle-East armed conflicts.
A corpus-based analysis of meaning variations in German tag questions Evidence from spoken and written conversational corpora
Authors: Clausen Yulia , Scheffler Tatjana 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper addresses semantic/pragmatic variability of tag questions in German and makes three main contributions. First, we document the prevalence and variety of question tags in German across three different types of conversational corpora. Second, by annotating question tags according to their syntactic and semantic context, discourse function, and pragmatic effect, we demonstrate the existing overlap and differences between the individual tag variants. Finally, we distinguish several groups of question tags by identifying the factors that influence the speakers’ choices of tags in the conversational context, such as clause type, function, speaker/hearer knowledge, as well as conversation type and medium. These factors provide the limits of variability by constraining certain question tags in German against occurring in specific contexts or with individual functions.
Public discourse, political legitimacy, and collective identity: Cases from Iraq, Brazil and China
Authors: Hänska Max , Bahiya Ahmed , Amaral Fernanda , Sui Yu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThrough the examination of recent developments in Iraq, Brazil and China, this paper explores the role of public communication in a) generating, corralling, and buttressing political legitimacy, and b) negotiating, demarcating, and reproducing collective identities. The transformation of Iraq’s public sphere after the fall of the Ba’ath regime saw it shift from a tightly controlled and unified communication space to unencumbered yet fragmented spheres split along ethno-sectarian lines, buttressing sectarian politics and identities. The emergence of subaltern publics in Brazil’s favelas empowered residents to express public dissent, assert their voice, and develop pride in their community. Chinese efforts to control online public discourse provide the government with ways of managing its perceived legitimacy and foster patriotic fellowship online. Legitimation and the affirmation of identity interact and support one another in public discourse, as we illustrate.
“Not how much, but how.” Contextualizing the presentation of violence broadcast on television: Normativity and narrative genres
Authors: Revilla Juan Carlos , Dávila María Celeste , Fernández-Villanueva Concepción 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The analysis of TV violence cannot be limited to the quantification of its incidence, but should also take into account the type of violence broadcast and its context (what is depicted and how). Thus, normative models of violence (legitimized violence with positive consequences for the aggressor, or vice versa) could be understood as positive, while contra-normative models of violence (rewarding illegitimate violence and punishing legitimate violence) should be of far greater concern. This paper analyzes the normative contexts of TV violence through a content analysis of randomly selected fragments of TV programming (147 recorded hours). The results show that news programs and TV series/soaps delegitimized violence to a higher extent, while films tend to show legitimized or ambivalent violence. Positive consequences of violence predominate in fictional programs, except for TV series/soaps. Normative presentation of violence is more frequent, especially in nonfiction genres, as fiction has more freedom to depict the socially undesirable.
“Am besten, du gehst.”Zur nähesprachlichen Verwendung desam-Superlativs im Vor-Vorfeld
Authors: Höhmann Doris 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the use of the Germanam-superlative in colloquial utterances such asam besten, du gehst jetzt. In a first approximation, this construction can be described as elliptically usedam-superlative occurring on the left sentence periphery within an Operator-Skopus-Struktur (Barden/Elstermann/Fiehler 2001). As will be shown in the empirical core part of the study, a qualitative-quantitative analysis, the pattern appears to be characterized by different overlapping and interplaying tendencies in language use (e.g. the selection and frequency of pronouns and sentence mood). The data used for the qualitative-quantitative analysis is taken mainly from a large-scale web corpus (deTenTen13).
„Barbarische“ Sprachen im deutschen Sprachdenken des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Roelcke Thorsten 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
In der deutschen Sprachreflexion des Barock und der Aufklärung wird der Terminus barbarisch zur Charakterisierung von einzelnen Sprachen und sprachlichen Erscheinungen in Geschichte und Gegenwart verwendet; der Wortgebrauch kombiniert dabei sowohl sachbezogene als auch bewertende Gesichtspunkte.