bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Object, subject, thing
Authors: VENKATESAN SOUMHYA 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTTamil Hindu priests transform anthropomorphic clay and stone statues into materially present gods who are alive, aware, and corporeally active. These embodied deities are humanlike but not human, which makes them both a rich resource for human‐divine interactions and a source of discomfort, given their potency and uncanny expressiveness. As a material practice, Hindu animation has its own material logics and technologies, practical theories, and ongoing practices of care. The embodied divinities of Hinduism can thus be brought into conversation with nonreligious animated things, such as humanoid robots. Indeed, Hindu priests’ practices of animation and their accommodations to their embodied divinities might open up different modes of engagement with nonreligious animated things. [animation,material transformations,practical theories,human‐thing accommodations,embodiment,gods and priests,ritual,Hinduism,Tamil Nadu,India]
Bioinformatic analysis identifies key transcriptome signatures in temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Chen Qing‐Lan , Xia Lu , Zhong Shao‐Ping , Wang Qiang , Ding Jing , Wang Xin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsTo identify transcriptome signatures underlying epileptogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).MethodsRobust rank aggregation analysis was used to integrate multiple microarrays in rodent models of TLE and determine differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in acute, latent, and chronic stages. Functional annotation and protein‐protein interaction analysis were performed to explore the potential functions of the DEGs and identify hub genes with the highest intramodular connectivity. The association between hub genes and hippocampal sclerosis/seizure frequency was analyzed using publicly available RNA‐sequencing datasets from TLE patients. We subsequently established a pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus (SE) model in rats and validated mRNA expression of hub genes by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT‐PCR).ResultsThe DEGs in the acute, latent, and chronic phases of TLE in animal models were prominently enriched in inflammatory response. Hub genes identified in the acute phase mainly participated in biological processes including inflammation, blood‐brain barrier damage, and cell adhesion. The hub genes in the latent phase were related to microglia/macrophage activation (Emr1 and Aif1) and phagocytosis (Cd68, Tyrobp, and Lyz). In the chronic phase, the hub genes were associated with activation of complements and microglia/macrophages. We further found that some hub genes identified in human TLE, such as Tlr2, Lgals3, and Stat3, were positively correlated with seizure frequency. Other hub genes, including Lgals3 and Serpine1, were associated with hippocampus sclerosis. qRT‐PCR analysis confirmed that the mRNA levels of hub genes in rat hippocampus were significantly up‐regulated after SE induction.ConclusionsOur integrated analysis identified hub genes in different stages of epilepsy. The functional annotations suggest that the activation and phagocytic activities of microglia/macrophages may play critical roles in epileptogenesis of TLE.
Inequality, living standards, and growth: two centuries of economic development in Mexico†
Authors: Bleynat Ingrid , Challú Amílcar E. , Segal Paul 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHistorical wage and income data provide both normative measures of living standards, and indicators of patterns of economic development. This study shows that, given limited historical data, median incomes are most appropriate for measuring welfare and inequality, while urban unskilled wages can be used to test dualist models of development. We present new estimates of these series for Mexico from 1800 to 2015 and find that both have historically failed to keep up with aggregate growth: GDP per worker is now over eight times higher than in the nineteenth century, while unskilled urban real wages are only 2.2 times higher, and national median incomes only 2.0 times higher. From the perspective of inequality and social welfare, our findings confirm that there is no automatic positive relationship between economic growth and rising living standards for the majority. From the perspective of development, we argue that these findings are explained by a dual economy model incorporating Lewis's assumption of a reserve army of labour, and we explain why the decline in inequality predicted by Kuznets has not occurred.
Multifaceted not‐for‐profit accountability: Its measurement, cultural context, and impact on perceived social performance
Authors: Jiao Lu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the multifaceted nature of accountability mechanisms in Australian not‐for‐profit organizations (NFPs), the association between organizational culture and the use of these mechanisms, and the association between accountability mechanisms and perceived NFP social performance. The findings support the theorization of multifaceted accountability mechanisms in NFPs, including upward accountability (to funders), downward accountability (to clients), and lateral accountability (to employees). The findings highlight that the use of lateral accountability mechanisms is positively associated with the use of both upward and downward accountability (i.e. external accountability) mechanisms. Also, it is found that the culture of respect for people is positively associated with the use of all three accountability mechanisms, whereas the culture of outcome orientation is positively associated with the use of upward and lateral accountability mechanisms. Further, the findings suggest that all three types of accountability mechanisms have positive relations with perceived NFP social performance.
Learning to overeat in infancy: Concurrent and prospective relationships between maternal BMI, feeding practices and child eating response among Hispanic mothers and children
Authors: Schneider‐Worthington Camille R. , Berger Paige K. , Goran Michael I. , Salvy Sarah‐Jeanne 
Published: November 2020

SummaryBackgroundParents play a key role in shaping children's eating behaviours and self‐regulation. There is limited data on how maternal weight influences feeding practices in the first year of life.ObjectiveTo examine the relationships between maternal BMI, feeding practices and infant eating behaviours related to self‐regulation.MethodsParticipants were 160 mother‐infant dyads. A longitudinal design was used to examine concurrent and prospective associations between maternal 6‐month postpartum BMI, mothers' feeding practices at 6 months (Infant Feeding Practices Questionnaire) and children's eating behaviours at 6 months (Baby Eating Behaviour Questionnaire) and 12 months (Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire).ResultsHigher maternal BMI was associated positively with mothers' use of restrictive feeding practices (β = 0.036, p = 0.033), and inversely with responsivity to infant satiety cues (Spearman partial r = −0.249, p = 0.002) at 6 months. Mother's restrictive feeding practices were associated with infant food responsiveness (β = 0.157, p = 0.009) and emotional overeating (β = 0.118, p = 0.005) at 12 months. Maternal use of responsive feeding practices was associated with lower infant food responsiveness at 6 months (Spearman partial r = −0.173, p = 0.031) and lower emotional overeating at 12 months (Spearman partial r = −0.183, p = 0.022).ConclusionsOur findings add to studies suggesting that feeding practices can provide mechanistic pathways in the intergenerational transmission of obesity. Postpartum family‐system approaches focusing on maternal health while integrating infant feeding guidance may confer benefits in improving maternal‐child health.
Anti‐adhesive effects of sialic acid and Lactobacillus plantarum on Staphylococcus aureus in vitro
Authors: Lu Yingying , Yang Yuzhuo , Liu Lihua , Yu Tianshu , Zhao Jingjing , Liu Libo , Li Chun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common food‐borne pathogen that causes severe diseases after adhesion to epithelial cells. Lactobacillus inhibits pathogenic bacterial adhesion and infection. In addition, sialic acid (SA) is widely known for its beneficial biological functions. A new way of reducing the occurrence of diseases and curbing the overuse of antibiotics is ingesting prebiotics and probiotics that regulate the intestinal flora. In this study, we first evaluated the anti‐adhesive effects of several strains of Lactobacillus on S. aureus. The study revealed that the S. aureus adhesion was inhibited by all the strains of Lactobacillus. Besides, the rate of inhibition by L. plantarum Z‐4 was significantly higher than other Lactobacillus species. We then investigated the effects of different SA concentrations (40, 100, 150, 200, and 260 μg/ml) on the growth and adhesion characteristics of L. plantarum and S. aureus. The results showed that SA influences bacterial adhesion by regulating the bacteria's growth characteristics. Finally, the effects of SA combined with Lactobacillus on the adhesion of S. aureus were assessed by competition, exclusion and displacement methods. SA with a concentration of 260 μg/mL combined with L. plantarum had the highest inhibition effect on the competition assays. In addition, the expression of S. aureus adhesion‐related genes was reduced. This provides a new perspective on the application of SA and/or L. plantarum and its potential to resist adhesion of S. aureus.
Longitudinal Outcomes of Children Exposed to Opioids In‐utero: A Systematic Review
Authors: Arter Sara J. , Tyler Brian , McAllister Jennifer , Kiel Elizabeth , Güler Ayse , Cameron Hay M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurposeThe purpose was to summarize evidence of long‐term outcomes of children, 2 years and older, exposed to opioids in‐utero.DesignThis was a systematic review. Studies were identified by searching the following electronic databases: PubMed, EBSCO HOST/Medline, and Web of Science. Articles were published between 1979 and 2019.MethodsThis systematic review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. Two sets of two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed study quality according to National Institutes of Health quality assessment tools.ResultsForty‐three articles met inclusion criteria. Synthesis of articles identified trends toward worse outcomes for children with in‐utero opioid exposure in all areas, most notably related to academic success, behavior, cognition, hospitalizations, and vision.ConclusionsFindings reinforce the necessity of continued research in this area with improved study design. Despite limitations in the current body of evidence, findings from this review are vital knowledge for clinicians, because children exposed to opioids in‐utero are clearly vulnerable to a wide variety of suboptimal health and developmental outcomes.Clinical RelevanceRecognition of all outcomes across childhood associated with in‐utero opioid exposure will inform improved identification and interventions tailored to the most pressing needs of affected children. Despite the need for continued research, there is sufficient evidence to necessitate close, individualized follow‐up throughout childhood.
Lichenoid proliferative leukoplakia, lichenoid lesions with evolution to proliferative leukoplakia or a continuum of the same precancerous condition? A revised hypothesis
Authors: Gilligan Gerardo , Garola Federico , Piemonte Eduardo , Leonardi Nicolás , Panico René , Warnakulasuriya Saman 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundMultiple white plaques of the oral mucosa are usually associated with potentially malignant disorders such as oral lichen planus, oral lichenoid lesions and proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. Previous studies in the current literature describe a potential clinical overlap in these entities. The aim of this study is to review clinicopathological and evolutive features of these Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders highlighting the dynamic changes of diagnoses.DiscussionIt was previously hypothesized that a subset of patients with oral lichen planus or oral lichenoid diagnosis, could develop multiple white plaques during the natural history of the disease, fulfilling diagnostic criteria for proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. Consequently, these entities could, under certain conditions, obey a continuum of the same precancerous condition in the context of the field cancerization theory, increasing the risk of malignant transformation. Nevertheless, there is limited scientific evidence concerning this issue.ConclusionFurther studies are needed to understand the biological and evolutive features of the link between these oral potentially malignant disorders. Regardless of its diagnosis, these patients with multifocal white lesions must be carefully monitored to detect early malignant transformation.
Heterogeneity in the extraction of labor from labor power and persistence of wage inequality
Authors: Martins Eduardo Monte Jorge Hey , da Silveira Jaylson Jair , Lima Gilberto Tadeu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThere is evidence that labor intensity is endogenous to wage compensation and that inter‐ and intra‐industry wage differentials are non‐negligible and persistent. We explore the implications of firms periodically choosing between alternative wage compensation strategies to extract labor from labor power more effectively. The frequency distribution of labor extraction strategies across firms is endogenously time‐varying as driven by satisficing evolutionary dynamics that generate wage inequality as a stable long‐run equilibrium under theoretically and empirically plausible conditions. Firms willing to extract more labor from labor power remunerate workers with a higher wage. Yet a larger proportion of firms following such a strategy does not necessarily result in a lower (higher) average unit labor cost (profit share) and hence in higher average rates of profit and saving‐determined output growth. The larger the proportion of firms that attempt to extract more labor from labor power by remunerating workers with a higher wage, the less these firms are successful. This result can be seen as characterizing another potential contradiction of the capitalist economy.
Microbes, mutualism, and range margins: testing the fitness consequences of soil microbial communities across and beyond a native plant's range
Authors: Benning John W. , Moeller David A. 
Published: November 2020

Summary

Interactions between plants and soil fungi and bacteria are ubiquitous and have large effects on individual plant fitness. However, the degree to which spatial variation in soil microbial communities modulates plant species’ distributions remains largely untested.

Using the California native plant Clarkia xantiana ssp. xantiana we paired glasshouse and field reciprocal transplants of plant populations and soils to test whether plant–microbe interactions affect the plant’s geographic range limit and whether there is local adaptation between plants and soil microbe communities.

In the field and glasshouse, one of the two range interior inocula had a positive effect on plant fitness. In the field, this benefit was especially pronounced at the range edge and beyond, suggesting possible mutualist limitation. In the glasshouse, soil inocula from beyond‐range tended to increase plant growth, suggesting microbial enemy release beyond the range margin. Amplicon sequencing revealed stark variation in microbial communities across the range boundary.

Plants dispersing beyond their range limit are likely to encounter novel microbial communities. In C. x. xantiana, our results suggest that range expansion may be facilitated by fewer pathogens, but could also be hindered by a lack of mutualists. Both negative and positive plant–microbe interactions will likely affect contemporary range shifts.
Patterns of bilateral asymmetry and allometry in Late Devonian Polygnathus conodonts
Authors: Renaud Sabrina , Ecalle Beverley , Claisse Pénélope , Charruault Anne‐Lise , Ledevin Ronan , Girard Catherine 
Published: November 2020

AbstractConodont animals were early jawless vertebrates equipped with a feeding apparatus composed of several tooth‐like elements. The P1 elements, at the rear of the apparatus, were characterized by a robust shape and rapid morphological evolution. Occlusion occurred between paired right and left P1 elements, occasioning some bilateral asymmetry, which, together with allometric growth, may partially obliterate the temporal differences. The present study aims to disentangle these different components of morphological variation in Late Devonian Polygnathus P1 conodont elements. An extensive 2D geometric morphometric analysis of the platform shape was performed through the Famennian record of two outcrops. This analysis was completed by a 3D study on a subset of conodont elements. The 2D and 3D morphometric quantifications provided highly congruent results, showing that the 2D shape constitutes a good approximation of the element geometry. The 3D analysis delivered further insights into the relationship between the geometry of the elements and the constraints related to occlusion. The 2D analysis allowed a quantitative assessment of the variation among species and through time. Allometry and bilateral asymmetry were differently expressed depending on the species considered, suggesting that constraints imposed on pairing by the morphology of the elements varied even among related species. The within‐species variation was so important that it largely obliterated temporal trends; a relationship of Polygnathus shape and conodont biofacies variations through the Famennian nevertheless suggested an evolution driven by ecological interactions between conodont genera.
Simultaneous fluid and solid density measurements in swelling clay using X‐ray microtomography and 3D particle tracking
Authors: Bernachy‐Barbe Fabien , Alvarado Kevin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn order to demonstrate the safety of engineered barriers for radwaste geological repositories, rich characterisations of bentonite hydro‐mechanical behaviour are essential. X‐ray computed tomography was used as the single input to measure both the full displacement field and water content in a heterogeneous bentonite sample resaturated in quasi‐isochoric conditions. Since large texture changes do not allow the use of digital volume correlation, this was achieved using 3D particle tracking to provide the kinematics in combination with calibrated and beam hardening‐corrected grey levels. Matching the grey level sampling with kinematics using a mesh‐based analysis, results show the development of heterogeneous swelling inside the cell and a final solid density gradient in the direction of water flow.
Effectiveness of educational programs using Diabetes Conversation Map tools on the health outcomes of people with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Cardoso Ana Filipa , Cardoso Daniela , Felizardo Helena , Apóstolo João 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of this review is to determine the effectiveness of educational programs using Diabetes Conversation Map on health outcomes of people with type 2 diabetes.

Introduction:
Diabetes Conversation Map has been used in the context of diabetes self-management education as a resource for managing type 2 diabetes. There is a need to determine the effectiveness of this non-pharmacological intervention on health outcomes.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider studies that focus on adults with type 2 diabetes, aged ≥18 years, in any context that implemented educational programs using Diabetes Conversation Map. The following outcomes will be explored: self-care, diabetes knowledge, empowerment, diabetes distress and quality of life, glycated hemoglobin, blood pressure, and body mass index as assessed by any validated instrument.

Methods:
This systematic review will be conducted in accordance with JBI methodology for systematic reviews of effectiveness. Any published and unpublished sources of information in English, Spanish, and Portuguese will be considered, with no geographical or cultural limitations. All identified studies will be collated and uploaded into EndNote and duplicates removed. Two independent reviewers will screen the studies based on their titles and abstracts, and then screen the full text against the inclusion criteria. Eligible studies will be critically appraised by two independent reviewers using the standard JBI critical appraisal instruments. Data will be extracted by two independent reviewers using the JBI data extraction tool. The study selection process will be presented using a PRISMA flow diagram. Studies will, where possible, be pooled in statistical meta-analysis.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020154253
Dynamic Analysis of Direct Steam Generating Parabolic Trough Collector System
Authors: Chachin Vishal C. V. , Krishnan Jayaraj , Venkatesan G. , Samson Packiaraj Raphael V. , Jalihal Purnima 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Conventional desalination technologies like multi stage flashing, multi-effect desalination (MED) using steam as motive fluid can be made sustainable by obtaining the motive steam from solar thermal systems. In this study, a transient simulation has been performed to determine the dissimilitude in pressure drop and dryness fraction, of working fluid in absorber tube due to variation in solar irradiance. A one-dimensional (1D) mathematical model has been developed using matlab for assessing the thermal performance and heat transfer characteristics of a direct steam generating (DSG) parabolic trough collector (PTC) system. It was observed that maximum pressure drop does not occur at maximum quality indicating the working conditions impair the system performance. The developed model was used to overcome this by varying both pressure and mass flowrate of working fluid in accordance to the radiation, results indicated reduction in pressure drop during the same time period for the same exit quality.
Constitutive and Fracture Modeling of Biaxially Oriented Polyethylene Terephthalate Film and Its Application to Polymer-Coated Sheet Metal Forming
Authors: Yun Suhwan , Jung Jaebong , Jun Sungwook , Jeong Jiyong , Moon Young Hoon , Kim Ji Hoon 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPolyethylene terephthalate (PET) films produced by rolling and tentering have biaxial orientation and thus exhibit anisotropic mechanical properties such as yielding, hardening, and fracture. The anisotropy of film makes it difficult to analyze deformation and failures occurring during processing such as metal forming of polymer-coated sheet metals. In this work, the anisotropic yielding and hardening of the PET film were measured and an anisotropic constitutive model is developed to represent the anisotropic behavior. In addition, fracture limits of the PET film were measured using the Nakajima test. To describe anisotropic fracture behavior of the film, an anisotropic fracture criterion based on the strain energy density and the theory of isotropic equivalent material was proposed. For validation of the developed constitutive model and the fracture criterion, a deep drawing test of the PET-coated sheet metal was conducted. The film cracking predicted by the anisotropic fracture criterion agreed well with measurements.