bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Відеоторакоскопія в мініінвазивному хірургічному лікуванні туберкульозної емпієми плеври
Authors: Коshak Yu. F. 
Published: November 2020

Мета роботи: підвищити можливості відеоторакоскопічної діагностики у хворих на туберкульозну емпієму плеври: уточнення етіології, локалізації, стадійності, поширення емпієми плеври із ефективним застосуванням мініінвазивного торако-хірургічного (VTS, VATS) лікування.
Матеріали і методи. Проведено ретроспективний аналіз 685 випадків лікування хворих із туберкульозною емпіємою плеври, які проходили за останні 10 років лікування у фтизіохірургічному відділенні обласного протитуберкульозного диспансеру.
Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Проаналізовано діагностичні можливості відеоторакоскопії у верифікації морфологічної форми туберкульозної емпієми плеври в групах порівняння, які досліджували ретроспективно. Показано провідний вплив туберкульозу на патогенез, клініку, перебіг нагноєння, морфологічні прояви, патогістологічні особливості туберкульозної інфекції в групах порівняння. Встановлено збільшення трирічного виживання на 15,6 % у пацієнтів основної групи, що свідчить на користь активного мініінвазивного торако-хірургічного (VTS, VATS) лікування.
ДОСВІД ПРОВЕДЕННЯ ДИСТАНЦІЙНИХ ОНЛАЙН-СЕМІНАРІВ ПІД ЧАС КАРАНТИНУ НА КАФЕДРІ ХІРУРГІЇ № 1 З УРОЛОГІЄЮ, МАЛОІНВАЗИВНОЮ ХІРУРГІЄЮ ТА НЕЙРОХІРУРГІЄЮ ІМЕНІ Л. Я. КОВАЛЬЧУКА
Authors: Grytsenko S. Y. , Bedeniuk A. D. , Dobrorodniy V. B. , Burak A. Ye. 
Published: November 2020

У статті розглянуто первинний досвід проведення дистанційних онлайн-семінарів на кафедрі хірургії № 1 з урологією, малоінвазивною хірургією та нейрохірургією ім. Л. Я. Ковальчука. Аналіз проведеної роботи показав ряд суттєвих переваг та деяких недоліків такої форми навчання. Найбільшою перевагою є можливість персонального мультимедійного доступу до пропонованих матеріалів під час семінарського онлайн-обговорення теми заняття. Використання чату програм дозволяє студентам інтерактивно брати участь у дискусії, ставити питання, а також викладачеві робить можливим надавати доступ до файлів, протоколів лікування та поширювати посилання на інтернет-ресурси, актуальні для заняття. Явним суттєвим недоліком проведення онлайн-семінару залишається відсутність можливості виконувати практичні та комунікативні навички роботи біля ліжка хворого. Проведення дистанційних онлайн-семінарів може бути окремим пунктом у забезпеченні якості надання освітніх послуг в умовах пандемії для вищих медичних шкіл України.
Status of Nahan’s Partridge Ptilopachus nahani (Dubois, 1905) (Aves: Galliformes: Odontophoridae) in Uganda
Authors: Sande Eric , Akoth Sisiria , Rutazaana Ubaldo , Olupot William 
Published: November 2020

We carried out a survey of Nahan’s Partridge Ptilopachus nahani in the Ugandan forests of Mabira, Bugoma, and Budongo from December 2016 to December 2017, using a point count method employing a call playback technique. The aim was to establish the population status of this globally threatened species, which was last surveyed in 2003. Separate analyses of the number of groups per point and those involving use of the Distance Program yielded the same density estimates, indicating that either method reliably estimates the density of the species. The density estimates for the three reserves were 31.6, 25.2, and 13.3 groups per km2 for Bugoma, Budongo, and Mabira forest reserves, respectively. In the last 14 years, it appears that the density of the species for Uganda has increased from 16.3 to 23.4 groups per km2, which when extrapolated translates to 16,000 and 23,000 groups, respectively. This represents a 44% increase in density, or a group growth rate of 450 per year. The lowest density and population increment was registered in Mabira and we attribute this to the apparently high incidence of disturbance and degradation of this forest compared to the other two. Since Mabira, Bugoma, and Budongo are the only remaining large tropical rainforest reserves in Uganda, strengthening their conservation or upgrading their conservation status to national parks is required to save the species.
Examining Hospital Variation on Multiple Indicators of Stroke Quality of Care
Authors: Austin Peter C. , Fang Jiming , Yu Bing , Kapral Moira K. 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Provider profiling involves comparing the performance of hospitals on indicators of quality of care. Typically, provider profiling examines the performance of hospitals on each quality indicator in isolation. Consequently, one cannot formally examine whether hospitals that have poor performance on one indicator also have poor performance on a second indicator.

Methods:
We used Bayesian multivariate response random effects logistic regression model to simultaneously examine variation and covariation in multiple binary indicators across hospitals. We considered 7 binary patient-level indicators of quality of care for patients presenting to hospital with a diagnosis of acute stroke. We examined between-hospital variation in these 7 indicators across 86 hospitals in Ontario, Canada.

Results:
The number of patients eligible for each indicator ranged from 1321 to 14 079. There were 7 pairs of indicators for which there was a strong correlation between a hospital’s performance on each of the 2 indicators. Twenty-nine of the 86 hospitals had a probability higher than 0.90 of having worse performance than average on at least 4 of the 7 indicators. Seven of the 86 of hospitals had a probability higher than 0.90 of having worse performance than average on at least 5 indicators. Fourteen of the 86 of hospitals had a probability higher than 0.50 of having worse performance than average on at least 6 indicators. No hospitals had a probability higher than 0.50 of having worse performance than average on all 7 indicators.

Conclusions:
These findings suggest that there are a small number of hospitals that perform poorly on at least half of the quality indicators, and that certain indicators tend to cluster together. The described methods allow for targeting quality improvement initiatives at these hospitals.
Aḥmad Yasavī and the Ismāʿīlīs of Badakhshān: Towards a New Social History of Sufi-Shīʿī Relations in Central Asia
Authors: Beben Daniel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article examines how a text attributed to the renowned Central Asian Sufi figure Aḥmad Yasavī came to be found within a manuscript produced within the Ismāʿīlī Shīʿī community of the Shughnān district of the Badakhshān region of Central Asia. The adoption of this text into an Ismāʿīlī codex suggests an exchange between two disparate Islamic religious traditions in Central Asia between which there has hitherto been little evidence of contact. Previous scholarship on Ismāʿīlī-Sufi relations has focused predominately on the literary and intellectual engagement between these traditions, while the history of persecution experienced by the Ismāʿīlīs at the hands of Sunnī Muslims has largely overshadowed discussions of the social relationship between the Ismāʿīlīs and other Muslim communities in Central Asia. I demonstrate that this textual exchange provides evidence for a previously unstudied social engagement between Ismāʿīlī and Sunnī communities in Central Asia that was facilitated by the rise of the Khanate of Khoqand in the 18th century. The mountainous territory of Shughnān, where the manuscript under consideration originated, has been typically represented in scholarship as isolated prior to the onset of colonial interest in the region in the late 19th century. Building upon recent research on the impact of early modern globalization on Central Asia, I demonstrate that even this remote region was significantly affected by the intensification of globalizing processes in the century preceding the Russian conquest. Accordingly, I take this textual exchange as a starting point for a broader re-evaluation of the Ismāʿīlī-Sufi relationship in Central Asia and of the social ‘connectivity’ of the Ismāʿīlīs and the Badakhshān region within early modern Eurasia.
Challenges of Migrant Entrepreneurship in Selected Regions of Central Europe
Authors: Golob Tea , Kleindienst Petra , Makarovič Matej , Kildi Janja Mikulan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article addresses the migrant entrepreneurship in selected Central European regions by focusing on a general social and legislative framework, as well as migrants’ own perceptions of their challenges, needs, advantages and future prospects. It is based on the combination of secondary data and fieldwork material referring to the interviews and focus groups. The study shows that entrepreneurship is a successful strategy for effective integration into the host society. Migrant entrepreneurs are facing specific challenges in terms of understanding the legislation and the specifics of the local business environment. They often engage in niche services and production. However, they typically see themselves not as migrants but as entrepreneurs and claim to share the needs with entrepreneurs in general.
Delayed presentation of doxorubicin extravasation into pleural space: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Kazakova Vera , Vanegas Yenny A Moreno , Torres Tyion A , Kozyreva Olga 
Published: November 2020

Introduction Intrathoracic extravasation of anthracyclines is a dangerous and very rare complication of chemotherapy administration. While management of extravasation into soft tissues has been established, the data on treatment of mediastinal and intrapleural anthracycline extravasation is limited. Case Report We present a case of a 52-year-old woman with intrapleural doxorubicin extravasation who presented to the hospital 24-hrs after chemotherapy infusion with chest pain and shortness of breath. Management & Outcome The patient underwent urgent surgical intervention and received IV dexrazoxane 36-hrs after the event. Her pain improved, but she continued to have chest soreness and pleural effusion at the site of extravasation even 3 months later. Discussion We conducted review of literature using Medline/PubMed and Google Scholar databases and identified 7 cases of intrapleural and mediastinal anthracycline extravasation. No data is currently available regarding the outcome of delayed management of intrapleural anthracycline extravasation with dexrazoxane. Prevention and confirmation of adequate port catheter placement is the most important step to avoid such cases. Catheter misplacement should be suspected in any patient presenting with post procedural chest pain and should trigger a thorough evaluation prior to any chemotherapy administration.
Systemic evaluation of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy: A case-control study
Authors: Kumawat Devesh , Ravi Alok Kumar , Sahay Pranita , Alam Tanveer , Desai Arjun , Kumar Atul 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To investigate the systemic associations of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) with help of clinical and biochemical investigations. Design: Case-control study. Participants: Eighty seven CSCR patients (case) and 82 Asian-Indian patients with primary non-traumatic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (control) were recruited between July 2017 and December 2018 at a tertiary eye-care center in North India. Methods: The patients underwent ophthalmological examination and systemic evaluation based on history and biochemical investigations. Logistic regression was performed to identify the associations of CSCR. Results: The age was similar between cases and controls (36.9 ± 7.8 years vs 35.7 ± 10.8 years, p = 0.38). On univariate analysis, the significant factors with higher odds of CSCR were alcohol use (odds ratio, OR: 3.4; 95% confidence interval: 1.36–8.53), sleep disturbance (OR: 5.44; 1.76–16.8), gastroesophageal reflux (OR: 9.34; 1.15–75.50), psychological disorder (OR: 5.78; 1.24–26.97), tuberculosis history (OR: 8.2; 1.0–67.10), serum albumin: globulin ratio (AGR) > 2 (OR: 10.43; 2.33–46.57), and serum hemoglobin (per unit increase; OR: 1.35; 1.14–1.61). Although the mean blood pressure was significantly higher in cases, the distribution among various hypertension categories was not significantly different. Exogenous steroid use and morning 8 am serum cortisol levels were not significantly different between the groups. On multivariable analysis, alcohol use (OR: 4.72; 1.33–16.76), sleep disturbances (OR: 5.04; 1.36–18.70), dysthyroid state (OR: 3.02; 1.04–8.74), serum AGR > 2 (OR: 14.28; 2.33–87.28), and serum hemoglobin (per unit increase; OR: 1.43; 1.13–1.81) were significant independent associations. Conclusion: Other than the previously described associations of CSCR like alcohol use and sleep disturbances, this study reports possible association with deranged serum protein and thyroid hormone profile. Further large-scale prospective studies need to validate these results.
Combination of Mustardè cheek advancement flap and paramedian forehead flap as a reconstructive option in orbital exenteration
Authors: Battista Rosa Alessia , Giordano Leone , Giordano Resti Antonio , Bordato Alessandro , Trimarchi Matteo , Familiari Marco , Ferraro Milena , Bandello Francesco Maria , Bussi Mario 
Published: November 2020

Purpose: To describe a combinatory technique made of Mustardè cheek advancement flap and paramedian forehead flap as a reconstructive option after orbital exenteration. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent orbital exenteration and subsequent reconstruction with this technique at our Head and Neck Department, Divisions of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, at San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy. Results: Three patients were treated with the aforementioned technique, following orbital exenteration due to malignancies. All of them were affected by recurrent diseases arising from the ocular components or periorbital structures: one basal cell carcinoma and two squamous cell carcinomas. Excellent result was achieved considering skin texture and colour match, aesthetic results and intra and post-operative complications (only minor, surgically controlled haemorrhage and minimal dehiscence subsequent to defective healing occurred). Conclusion: The proposed technique can be considered by the head and neck reconstructive surgeon as a good option in extended orbital exenteration.
The concept of futility in health: A scoping review
Authors: da Silva Vieira João Vítor , Deodato Sérgio , Mendes Felismina 
Published: November 2020

Introduction Due to the constant scientific and technological development, health professionals are regularly confronted with situations in which there are always therapeutic options, regardless of the severity of the patient’s condition. However, regarding these therapeutic options as feasible in all situations can be harmful, since it is universally accepted that, despite all advances in health, there are inevitable limits and the promotion of some interventions may be useless or futile. Objective To characterize the use of the concept of futility in the health literature. Method Review of the literature following the Scoping Review protocol of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The research was performed in CINAHL, Cochrane, Pubmed, Scopus e Web of Science to identify studies published prior to 2020. Nineteen studies were selected. Results There is no universally accepted definition for the concept of futility. In the literature there are different conceptions for the concept of futility that point to qualitative and quantitative roots and that are associated with ethical dilemmas that make it difficult to conceptualize this concept and make it operational in clinical practice. Conclusion The central elements of the concept of futility include: the diagnosis of futility is closely related to clinical judgment; futility has both quantitative and qualitative roots; futility is always appreciated posteriori; futility is related to the lack of benefit. It is essential to promote a discussion that enables the definition of the concept and that makes it possible to promote ethical principles in care, especially when the inevitable limits of treatments are reached.
Inhibition to Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Metastatic Potential In Colorectal Cancer Cell By Combination of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulation Jiedu Sangen Decoction and PD-L1 Inhibitor
Authors: Shan Feiyu , Sun Leitao , Zhang Leyin , Guo Kaibo , Yan Qingying , Feng Guan , Zhu Ying , Shen Minhe , Ruan Shanming 
Published: November 2020

Background: Jiedu Sangen Decoction (JSD), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been widely applied in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, especially in colorectal cancer. Our study mainly aimed to assess the combined efficacy of Jiedu Sangen aqueous extract (JSAE) and a PD-L1 inhibitor (PI) in colon cancer cells migration and invasion, along with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and then provide deep insights into the potential mechanism. Methods: We explored the inhibitory effects on invasion and metastasis and the reverse effect on EMT process in CT-26 colon cancer cell via Transwell migration assay, Matrigel invasion assay and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Furthermore, regulation in expression of EMT-related proteins and molecular biomarkers and underlying signal pathway proteins were detected through Western blotting and IHC. Results: The combination of JSD and PD-L1 inhibitor could inhibit migration, invasive ability and EMT of CT-26 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Meanwhile, JSD combined with PD-L1 inhibitor could also remarkably reverse EMT and metastasis in vivo. In addition, the protein expression of N-cadherin, Slug, Snail, Vimentin was down-regulated along with E-cadherin s up-regulation with the combination of JSD and PD-L1 inhibitor, while that of PI3K/AKT was notably down-regulated. Conclusions: These findings indicated that JSAE and a PD-L1 inhibitor could drastically inhibit the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer by reversing EMT through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Role of gender, age and BMI in prognosis of heart failure
Authors: Sciomer Susanna , Moscucci Federica , Salvioni Elisabetta , Marchese Giovanni , Bussotti Maurizio , Corrà Ugo , Piepoli Massimo F 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The prognostic stratification of heart failure remains an urgent need for correct clinical management of the affected patients. In fact, due to the high mortality and morbidity rates, heart failure constantly requires an updated and careful management of all aspects that characterise the disease. In addition to the well-known clinical, laboratory and instrumental characteristics that affect the prognosis of heart failure, gender, age and body mass index have a different impact and deserve specific insights and clarifications. At this scope, the metabolic exercise cardiac kidney index score research group has produced several works in the past, trying to identify the role of these specific factors on the prognosis of heart failure. In particular, the different performances in the cardiopulmonary exercise test of specific categories of heart failure patients, such as women, elderly and obese or overweight individuals, have requested dedicated evaluations of metabolic exercise cardiac kidney index score power.
Compassionate use of delamanid in adults and children for drug-resistant tuberculosis: 5-year update
Authors: Ghosh Sambuddha , Breitscheidel Lusine , Lazarevic Natasa , Martin Alexandra , Hafkin Jeffrey , Hittel Norbert 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundAlthough delamanid has been approved for the treatment of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) in numerous regions, in areas where it is not yet registered it can be accessed as part of salvage therapy (in particular for those patients with limited treatment options)viathe Otsuka compassionate use programme. Here we present the analysis of interim treatment outcomes by 24 weeks of more than 200 MDR-TB patients globally who received delamanid under this programme.MethodsWe evaluated treatment efficacy with respect to culture negativity at 24 weeks, as well as the safety profile of delamanid, in an MDR-TB patient cohort treated under compassionate use between 2014 and 2019.ResultsAmong patients who received delamanid as part of a multidrug regimen, 123 (61%) out of 202 had extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB), 66 (33%) out of 202 had HIV co-infection and 34 (17%) out of 202 were children aged between 6 and 17 years. Of those patients who were culture positive at delamanid treatment initiation and who completed 24 weeks of delamanid treatment in combination with other anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs, culture negativity was achieved in 116 (79%) out of 147 cases. The corresponding rates of culture negativity for patients with XDR-TB and HIV co-infection, as well as the paediatric subgroup were 69 (77%) out of 90, 44 (92%) out of 48 and 20 (80%) out of 25, respectively. QT interval prolongation was the most frequently observed serious adverse event and was reported in 8% of patients receiving delamanid. Overall, treatment safety outcomes did not reveal any new or unidentified risks.ConclusionsThe use of delamanid combined with other active drugs has the potential to achieve high rates of culture negativity in difficult-to-treat drug-resistant TB cases, with a favourable safety profile.
CAPRIB: a user-friendly tool to study amino acid changes and selection for the exploration of intra-genus evolution
Authors: Guerra Maldonado Juan F. , Vincent Antony T. , Chenal Martin , Veyrier Frederic J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The evolution of bacteria is shaped by different mechanisms such as mutation, gene deletion, duplication, or insertion of foreign DNA among others. These genetic changes can accumulate in the descendants as a result of natural selection. Using phylogeny and genome comparisons, evolutionary paths can be somehow retraced, with recent events being much easier to detect than older ones. For this reason, multiple tools are available to study the evolutionary events within genomes of single species, such as gene composition alterations, or subtler mutations such as SNPs. However, these tools are generally designed to compare similar genomes and require advanced skills in bioinformatics. We present CAPRIB, a unique tool developed in Java that allows to determine the amino acid changes, at the genus level, that correlate with phenotypic differences between two groups of organisms.

Results
CAPRIB has a user-friendly graphical interface and uses databases in SQL, making it easy to compare several genomes without the need for programming or thorough knowledge in bioinformatics. This intuitive software narrows down a list of amino acid changes that are concomitant with a given phenotypic divergence at the genus scale. Each permutation found by our software is associated with two already described statistical values that indicate its potential impact on the protein’s function, helping the user decide which promising candidates to further investigate. We show that CAPRIB is able to detect already known mutations and uncovers many more, and that this tool can be used to question molecular phylogeny. Finally, we exemplify the utility of CAPRIB by pinpointing amino acid changes that coincided with the emergence of slow-growing mycobacteria from their fast-growing counterparts. The software is freely available at https://github.com/BactSymEvol/Caprib.

Conclusions
CAPRIB is a new bioinformatics software aiming to make genus-scale comparisons accessible to all. With its intuitive graphical interface, this tool identifies key amino acid changes concomitant with a phenotypic divergence. By comparing fast and slow-growing mycobacteria, we shed light on evolutionary hotspots, such as the cytokinin pathway, that are interesting candidates for further experimentations.