bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trans fatty acid intake among Chinese population: a longitudinal study from 1991 to 2011
Authors: Jiang Liying , Shen Junjie , Zhao Yuxia , Li Jianwen , Liu Sana , Liu Yujie , Wang Huijun , Su Chang , Zhuang Xun , Chen Nianhong , Liu Aidong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective
This study was aimed to roughly describe individual Trans Fatty Acids (TFAs) intake and the percentage of energy intake(E%), and identify major food sources in the Chinese population, taking gender, age, and regional distribution into the consideration, as well as examining temporal changes over the course of 20 years.

Method
This multi-center study, covering nine provinces among populations aged ≥ 3 in China, was conducted to collect food consumption information from 1991 to 2011. A classical assessment method was used to estimate the level of dietary TFA intake.

Results
Over the 20-year period, the intake of TFAs in Chinese populations had increased, but remained at a relatively lower level (from 0.25 g/d(0.11% for E%) to 0.53 g/d(0.24% for E%)) compared with that of other countries and the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended level. Collectively, males and participants aged 19–60 generally consumed more TFA-containing foods. People in eastern regions consumed more TFAs and had a higher E% than those in western area. Industrial sources of TFAs, especially vegetable oil, ranked as the principal food sources of TFAs in the Chinese population. Natural sources of TFAs have gradually increased in proportion among children and adolescents.

Conclusions
TFA intake and the E% are commonly under the recommended level in the general population in China. Presently, restriction of vegetable oil could be a crucial method to reduce TFA intake. It would be critical to facilitate and promote public health that food recommendations might be based on the dietary preferences for population separated by different ages and regions.
Feasibility and acceptability of an innovative adherence intervention for young adults with childhood-onset systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Harry Onengiya , Crosby Lori E. , Mara Constance , Ting Tracy V. , Huggins Jennifer L. , Modi Avani C. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
In Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (cSLE), poor medication adherence rates are very high. Interventions targeting this problem in cSLE are limited thus effective interventions are needed. The objective of this study is to examine the feasibility and acceptability an intervention (automated digital reminders + personalized prescribed treatment plan (pPTP)) to improve medication adherence in young adults with cSLE over 3 months.

Method
This is a proof-of-concept randomized controlled study. All participants received SimpleMed+ pillboxes that track adherence. The treatment group received a pPTP, and in month 2, preselected digital reminders for missed doses. Reminders were discontinued after 30 days and adherence data collected. Data analysis was done using t-tests.

Results
Twenty-one participants were approached and nineteen consented to participate, yielding a recruitment rate of 86%. Participants were on average 20.5 years, mostly black (58%) and female (84%). Of the nineteen consented, eleven were randomized to control (57%) and eight to treatment (42%) groups respectively. All participants in the treatment group rated the pillbox as easy to use, notably; none reported boredom with the pillbox or reminders. Also, 88% of participants in the treatment group rated the pillbox as helpful, however, only 50% reported the pPTP taught them new information about lupus or made them more interested in their lupus management.

Conclusions
This is the first use of an electronic pillbox to track adherence to multiple medications in cSLE. The high rating of the pillbox makes it an acceptable method of measuring adherence. Feasibility and acceptability ratings for the intervention were mixed suggesting a there is a subset of cSLE patients for whom this intervention would be beneficial. Future research should focus on a larger trial.
Maternal depression is associated with altered functional connectivity between neural circuits related to visual, auditory, and cognitive processing during stories listening in preschoolers
Authors: Farah Rola , Greenwood Paige , Dudley Johnathan , Hutton John , Ammerman Robert T. , Phelan Kieran , Holland Scott , Horowitz-Kraus Tzipi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Maternal depression can influence the early activity of a mother reading stories to a young child, as depressed mothers are less likely to read to their children. Here, maternal depression association to neurobiological circuitry of narrative comprehension, visualization, and executive functions during stories listening was examined in 21 4-year-old girls and their mothers. Maternal depression scores were collected from the mothers, and functional MRI during stories listening was collected from the children.

Results
Increased maternal depression was related to decreased functional connectivity between visualization and auditory regions and increased connectivity between the right visual cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in the children.

Conclusions
This study highlights the need to monitor maternal depression and provide interventions to ensure positive linguistic outcomes in children.
Lessons learned from an evaluation of referrals to the emergency department
Authors: Gorodetzer Roee , Alpert Evan Avraham , Orr Zvika , Unger Shifra , Zalut Todd 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Emergency department (ED) crowding is an international phenomenon dependent on input, throughput, and output factors. This study aims to determine whether patterns of potentially unnecessary referrals from either primary care physicians (PCPs) or urgent care centers (UCCs) can be identified, thereby to reduce ED visits by patients who could be treated elsewhere. Literature from the United States reports up to 35% unnecessary referrals from UCCs.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted of patients referred to an ED in Jerusalem by either their PCP or a group of UCCs with a full range of laboratory tests and basic imaging capabilities between January 2017 and December 2017. The data were analyzed to identify referrals involving diagnoses, specialist consultations, and examinations unavailable in the PCP’s office or UCC (e.g., ultrasound, CT, echocardiogram, or stress test); these referrals were considered necessary for completion of the patient work-up. If patients were evaluated by an ED physician and sent home after an examination or laboratory test available at least in the UCC, the referrals were considered potentially unnecessary.

Results
Significantly more referrals were made by PCPs than UCCs (1712 vs. 280, p < 0.001). Significant differences were observed for orthopedics, general surgery, and obstetrics/gynecology referrals (p = 0.039, p < 0.001, p = 0.003). A higher percentage of patients referred by PCPs had potentially unnecessary visits compared to patients referred by UCCs (13.9% vs. 7.9%, p = 0.005).

Conclusion
A robust UCC system may help further reduce potentially unnecessary visits (including complex patients) to the ED.
Adaption and pilot implementation of an autism executive functioning intervention in children’s mental health services: a mixed-methods study protocol
Authors: Dickson Kelsey S. , Aarons Gregory A. , Anthony Laura Gutermuth , Kenworthy Lauren , Crandal Brent R. , Williams Katherine , Brookman-Frazee Lauren 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) represent a growing population with significant service needs. Prominent among these needs are high rates of co-occurring psychiatric conditions that contribute to increased functional impairments and often necessitate mental health services. Executive functioning deficits are associated with ASD as well as common co-occurring conditions (e.g., attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder) and an evidence-based intervention has been developed and tested to address executive functioning within the school context. There is an urgent need to implement indicated evidence-based interventions for youth with ASD receiving care in community mental health settings. Interventions that optimally “fit” the mental health services context as well as the complex and co-occurring mental health needs of these youth have the potential to improve key clinical outcomes for this high priority population.

Methods
This mixed-methods developmental study will apply the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment implementation framework and a community-academic partnership approach to systematically adapt and test an evidence-based executive functioning intervention for youth with ASD for delivery in community mental health settings. Specific aims are to (1) conduct a need and context assessment to inform the systematic adaptation an executive functioning evidence-based intervention; (2) systematically adapt the clinical intervention and develop a corresponding implementation plan, together entitled “Executive Functioning for Enhancing Community-based Treatment for ASD,” (EFFECT for ASD); and (3) conduct a feasibility pilot test of EFFECT for ASD in community mental health settings.

Discussion
Tailoring evidence-based interventions for delivery in community-based mental health services for youth with ASD has the potential to increase quality of care and improve child outcomes. Results from the current study will serve as the foundation for large-scale hybrid implementation and effectiveness trials and a generalizable approach for different service systems of care and clinical populations.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04295512.
Effect of tuberculosis infection on mortality of HIV-infected patients in Northern Tanzania
Authors: Mollel Edson W. , Todd Jim , Mahande Michael J. , Msuya Sia E. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
TB and HIV are public health problems, which have a synergistic effect to each other. Despite the decreasing burden of these two diseases they still make a significant contribution to mortality. Tanzania is among the 30 high TB and HIV burden countries.

Methods
Routine data over 6 years from people living with HIV (PLHIV) attending health facilities in three regions of Northern Tanzania were analyzed, showing mortality trends from 2012 to 2017 for HIV and HIV/TB subpopulations. Poisson regression with frailty model adjusting for clustering at health facility level was used to analyze the data to determine mortality rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).

Results
Among all PLHIV the overall mortality rate was 28.4 (95% CI 27.6–29.2) deaths per 1000 person-years. For PLHIV with no evidence of TB the mortality rates was 26.2 (95% CI 25.4–27.0) per 1000 person-years, and for those with HIV/TB co-infection 57.8 (95% CI 55.6–62.3) per 1000 person-years. After adjusting for age, sex, residence, WHO stage, and bodyweight, PLHIV with TB co-infection had 40% higher mortality than those without TB (RR 1.4; 95% CI 1.24–1.67).

Conclusions
Over the 6-year period mortality rates for HIV/TB patients were consistently higher than for PLHIV who have no TB. More efforts should be directed into improving nutritional status among HIV patients, as it has destructive interaction with TB for mortality. This will improve patients’ body weight and CD4 counts which are protective against mortality. Among PLHIV attention should be given to those who are in WHO HIV stage 3 or 4 and having TB co-infection.
Gang membership and sexual violence: associations with childhood maltreatment and psychiatric morbidity
Authors: Coid Jeremy , González Rafael A. , Kallis Constantinos , Zhang Yamin , Liu YuanYuan , Wood Jane , Quigg Zara , Ullrich Simone 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundGang members engage in many high-risk sexual activities that may be associated with psychiatric morbidity. Victim-focused research finds high prevalence of sexual violence towards women affiliated with gangs.AimsTo investigate associations between childhood maltreatment and psychiatric morbidity on coercive and high-risk sexual behaviour among gang members.MethodCross-sectional survey of 4665 men 18–34 years in Great Britain using random location sampling. The survey oversampled men from areas with high levels of violence and gang membership. Participants completed questionnaires covering violent and sexual behaviours, experiences of childhood disadvantage and trauma, and psychiatric diagnoses using standardised instruments.ResultsAntisocial men and gang members had high levels of sexual violence and multiple risk behaviours for sexually transmitted infections, childhood maltreatment and mental disorders, including addictions. Physical, sexual and emotional trauma were strongly associated with adult sexual behaviour and more prevalent among gang members. Other violent behaviour, psychiatric morbidity and addictions accounted for high-risk and compulsive sexual behaviours among gang members but not antisocial men. Gang members showed precursors before age 15 years of adult preference for coercive rather than consenting sexual behaviour.ConclusionsGang members show inordinately high levels of childhood trauma and disadvantage, sexual and non-sexual violence, and psychiatric disorders, which are interrelated. The public health problem of sexual victimisation of affiliated women is explained by these findings. Healthcare professionals may have difficulties promoting desistance from adverse health-related behaviours among gang members whose multiple high-risk and violent sexual behaviours are associated with psychiatric morbidity, particularly addictions.
Duplication 6q24: More Than Just Diabetes
Authors: Gore Rachel H , Nikita Maria Eleni , Newton Paula G , Carter Rebecca G , Reyes-Bautista Jeanine , Greene Carol L 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Chromosome 6q24-related transient neonatal diabetes mellitus is characterized by intrauterine growth restriction and low birth weight, with neonatal hyperglycemia resolving by 18 months and an increased risk for type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Molecularly, it is caused by overexpression of the 6q24 imprinted chromosomal region due to a duplication, uniparental disomy, or abnormal methylation. Conventional testing for this condition analyzes methylation patterns at the 6q24 locus but does not evaluate for the presence of other surrounding chromosomal abnormalities. We report a female with a history of neonatal hyperglycemia due to a paternally inherited duplication at chromosomal location 6q24. She subsequently presented to the pediatric genetics clinic at 15 months of age with developmental delay and abnormal balance. Microarray analysis identified a larger 14 Mb chromosomal duplication from 6q24 to 6q25.2, consistent with a diagnosis of duplication 6q syndrome. This case highlights the clinical importance of pursuing further genetic evaluation in patients diagnosed with chromosome 6q24-related neonatal hyperglycemia via targeted methylation-specific multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis identifying a duplication in this region. Early identification and intervention can improve developmental outcomes for patients with larger chromosome 6q duplications.
The regulation of Yorkie, YAP and TAZ: new insights into the Hippo pathway
Authors: Manning Samuel A. , Kroeger Benjamin , Harvey Kieran F. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
The Hippo pathway is a highly conserved signalling pathway that regulates multiple biological processes, including organ size control and cell fate. Since its discovery, genetic and biochemical studies have elucidated several key signalling steps important for pathway activation and deactivation. In recent years, technical advances in microscopy and genome modification have allowed new insights into Hippo signalling to be revealed. These studies have highlighted that the nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling behaviour of the Hippo pathway transcriptional co-activators Yorkie, YAP and TAZ is far more dynamic than previously appreciated, and YAP and TAZ are also regulated by liquid-liquid phase separation. Here, we review our current understanding of Yorkie, YAP and TAZ regulation, with a focus on recent microscopy-based studies.
Smad4-dependent morphogenic signals control the maturation and axonal targeting of basal vomeronasal sensory neurons to the accessory olfactory bulb
Authors: Naik Ankana S. , Lin Jennifer M. , Taroc Ed Zandro M. , Katreddi Raghu R. , Frias Jesus A. , Lemus Alex A. , Sammons Morgan A. , Forni Paolo E. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
The vomeronasal organ (VNO) contains two main types of vomeronasal sensory neurons (VSNs) that express distinct vomeronasal receptor (VR) genes and localize to specific regions of the neuroepithelium. Morphogenic signals are crucial in defining neuronal identity and network formation; however, if and what signals control maturation and homeostasis of VSNs is largely unexplored. Here, we found transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signal transduction in postnatal mice, with BMP signaling being restricted to basal VSNs and at the marginal zones of the VNO: the site of neurogenesis. Using different Smad4 conditional knockout mouse models, we disrupted canonical TGFβ/BMP signaling in either maturing basal VSNs (bVSNs) or all mature VSNs. Smad4 loss of function in immature bVSNs compromises dendritic knob formation, pheromone induced activation, correct glomeruli formation in the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) and survival. However, Smad4 loss of function in all mature VSNs only compromises correct glomeruli formation in the posterior AOB. Our results indicate that Smad4-mediated signaling drives the functional maturation and connectivity of basal VSNs.
Runx1 promotes scar deposition and inhibits myocardial proliferation and survival during zebrafish heart regeneration
Authors: Koth Jana , Wang Xiaonan , Killen Abigail C. , Stockdale William T. , Potts Helen G. , Jefferson Andrew , Bonkhofer Florian , Riley Paul R. , Patient Roger K. , Göttgens Berthold , Mommersteeg Mathilda T. M. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Runx1 is a transcription factor that plays a key role in determining the proliferative and differential state of multiple cell types, during both development and adulthood. Here, we report how Runx1 is specifically upregulated at the injury site during zebrafish heart regeneration, and that absence of runx1 results in increased myocardial survival and proliferation, and overall heart regeneration, accompanied by decreased fibrosis. Using single cell sequencing, we found that the wild-type injury site consists of Runx1-positive endocardial cells and thrombocytes that induce expression of smooth muscle and collagen genes. Both these populations cannot be identified in runx1 mutant wounds that contain less collagen and fibrin. The reduction in fibrin in the mutant is further explained by reduced myofibroblast formation and upregulation of components of the fibrin degradation pathway, including plasminogen receptor annexin 2A as well as downregulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor serpine1 in myocardium and endocardium, resulting in increased levels of plasminogen. Our findings suggest that Runx1 controls the regenerative response of multiple cardiac cell types and that targeting Runx1 is a novel therapeutic strategy for inducing endogenous heart repair.
An environment for sustainable research software in Germany and beyond: current state, open challenges, and call for action
Authors: Anzt Hartwig , Bach Felix , Druskat Stephan , Löffler Frank , Loewe Axel , Renard Bernhard Y. , Seemann Gunnar , Struck Alexander , Achhammer Elke , Aggarwal Piush , Appel Franziska , Bader Michael , Brusch Lutz , Busse Christian , Chourdakis Gerasimos , Dabrowski Piotr Wojciech , Ebert Peter , Flemisch Bernd , Friedl Sven , Fritzsch Bernadette , Funk Maximilian D. , Gast Volker , Goth Florian , Grad Jean-Noël , Hermann Sibylle , Hohmann Florian , Janosch Stephan , Kutra Dominik , Linxweiler Jan , Muth Thilo , Peters-Kottig Wolfgang , Rack Fabian , Raters Fabian H.C. , Rave Stephan , Reina Guido , Reißig Malte , Ropinski Timo , Schaarschmidt Joerg , Seibold Heidi , Thiele Jan P. , Uekermann Benjamin , Unger Stefan , Weeber Rudolf 
Published: April 2020

Research software has become a central asset in academic research. It optimizes existing and enables new research methods, implements and embeds research knowledge, and constitutes an essential research product in itself. Research software must be sustainable in order to understand, replicate, reproduce, and build upon existing research or conduct new research effectively. In other words, software must be available, discoverable, usable, and adaptable to new needs, both now and in the future. Research software therefore requires an environment that supports sustainability. Hence, a change is needed in the way research software development and maintenance are currently motivated, incentivized, funded, structurally and infrastructurally supported, and legally treated. Failing to do so will threaten the quality and validity of research. In this paper, we identify challenges for research software sustainability in Germany and beyond, in terms of motivation, selection, research software engineering personnel, funding, infrastructure, and legal aspects. Besides researchers, we specifically address political and academic decision-makers to increase awareness of the importance and needs of sustainable research software practices. In particular, we recommend strategies and measures to create an environment for sustainable research software, with the ultimate goal to ensure that software-driven research is valid, reproducible and sustainable, and that software is recognized as a first class citizen in research. This paper is the outcome of two workshops run in Germany in 2019, at deRSE19 - the first International Conference of Research Software Engineers in Germany - and a dedicated DFG-supported follow-up workshop in Berlin.
ETF Activity and Informational Efficiency of Underlying Securities
Authors: Glosten Lawrence , Nallareddy Suresh , Zou Yuan 
Published: April 2020

This paper investigates the effect of exchange-traded funds’ (ETFs’) activity on the short-run informational efficiency of their underlying securities. We find that ETF activity increases short-run informational efficiency for stocks with weak information environments. The increase in informational efficiency results from the timely incorporation of systematic earnings information. In contrast, we find no such effect for stocks with stronger information environments. ETF activity increases return comovement, and this increase is partly attributable to the timely incorporation of systematic earnings information. Further, ETF activity is associated with an attenuation of postearnings-announcement drift and an increase in active share lending. This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.