bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel antioxidant therapy with the immediate precursor to glutathione, γ-glutamylcysteine (GGC), ameliorates LPS-induced cellular stress in anin vitrocystic fibrosis model
Authors: Hewson Chris K , Capraro Alexander , Wong Sharon L , Pandzic Elvis , Fernando Bentotage S.M , Awatade Nikhil T , Zhong Ling , Hart-Smith Gene , Whan Renee M , Thomas Shane R , Jaffe Adam , Bridge Wallace J , Waters Shafagh A 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionGlutathione deficiency and chronic bacterial inflammation exacerbates the oxidative stress damage to airways in cystic fibrosis. Improvements to current antioxidant therapeutic strategies are needed. Dietary supplement, γ-glutamylcysteine (GGC), the immediate precursor to glutathione, rapidly boosts cellular glutathione levels following a single dose in healthy individuals. Efficacy of GGC againstPseudomonas aeruginosaderived lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a prominent factor in mediating both bacterial virulence and host responses, in CF remains unassessed.MethodsPrimary F508del/F508del mucociliary differentiated bronchial and nasal epithelial cells were created to model LPS-induced oxidative stress and inflammation of CF. The proteomic signature of GGC treated cells was resolved by qLC-MS/MS. Parameters including cell redox state (glutathione, ROS), anti-inflammatory mediators (IL-8, IDO-1) and cellular health (membrane integrity, stress granule formation and cell viability) were assayed.ResultsProteomic analysis identified perturbation of several pathways related to cellular respiration and stress responses upon LPS challenge. Most of these were resolved when cells were treated with GGC. While GGC did not resolve LPS-induced IL-8 and IDO-1 activity, it effectively attenuated LPS-induced ROS and stress granule formation, while significantly increasing intracellular glutathione levels and improving epithelial cell barrier integrity. Moreover, we compared the effect of GGC with thiols NAC and glutathione on cell viability. GGC was the only thiol that increased cell viability; protecting cells against LPS induced cell death. Both therapeutic and prophylactic treatments were successful.ConclusionTogether, these findings indicate that GGC has therapeutic potential for treatment and prevention of oxidative stress related damage to airways in Cystic Fibrosis.
The crystal structure of SnTox3 from the necrotrophic fungusParastagonospora nodorumreveals a unique effector fold and insights into Kex2 protease processing of fungal effectors
Authors: Outram Megan A. , Sung Yi-Chang , Yu Daniel , Dagvadorj Bayantes , Rima Sharmin A. , Jones David A. , Ericsson Daniel J. , Sperschneider Jana , Solomon Peter S. , Kobe Bostjan , Williams Simon J. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryPlant pathogens cause disease through secreted effector proteins, which act to modulate host physiology and promote infection. Typically, the sequences of effectors provide little functional information and further targeted experimentation is required. Here, we utilised a structure/function approach to study SnTox3, an effector from the necrotrophic fungal pathogenParastagonospora nodorum, which causes cell death in wheat-lines carrying the sensitivity geneSnn3.We developed a workflow for the production of SnTox3 in a heterologous host that enabled crystal structure determination. We show this approach can be successfully applied to effectors from other pathogenic fungi. Complementing this, anin-silicostudy uncovered the prevalence of an expanded subclass of effectors from fungi.The β-barrel fold of SnTox3 is a novel fold among fungal effectors. We demonstrate that SnTox3 is a pre-pro-protein and that the protease Kex2 removes the pro-domain. Ourin-silicostudies suggest that Kex2-processed pro-domain (designated here as K2PP) effectors are common in fungi, and we demonstrate this experimentally for effectors fromFusarium oxysporumf sp.lycopersici.We propose that K2PP effectors are highly prevalent among fungal effectors. The identification and classification of K2PP effectors has broad implications for the approaches used to study their function in fungal virulence.
Safety-Stock: Predicting the demand for supplies in Brazilian hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Gonzatto Oilson Alberto , Nascimento Diego Carvalho , Russo Cibele Maria , Henriques Marcos Jardel , Tomazella Caio Paziani , Santos Maristela Oliveira , Neves Denis , Assad Diego , Guerra Rafaela , Bertazo Evelyn Keise , Cuminato José Alberto , Neto Francisco Louzada 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundMany challenges lie ahead when dealing with COVID-19, not only related to the acceleration of the pandemic, but also to the prediction of personal protective equipment consumption to accommodate the explosive demand. Due to this situation of uncertainty, the hospital administration encourages the excess stock of these materials, over-stocking products in some hospitals, and provoke shortage in others. The number of available personal protective equipment is one of the three main factors that limit the number of patients at a hospital, along with the number of available beds and the number of professionals per shift.ObjectiveIn this scenario, a challenge is to build an easy-to-use expert system to predict the demand for personal protective equipment in hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be updated in real-time for short term planning.MethodsWe propose naive statistical modeling, which combines historical data of the consumption of personal protective equipment by hospitals, current protocols for their uses and epidemiological data related to the disease, to build predictive models for the demand for personal protective equipment in Brazilian hospitals during the pandemic. We then embed our modeling in the free Safety-Stock expert system, which can provide the safety stock levels for a particular hospital.ResultsThe Safety-Stock system provides the prediction of consumption/demand for personal protective equipment over time, indicating the moment when the hospital reaches maximum consumption, the estimate of how long it will work in this state, and when it will leave it.ConclusionWith our predictions, a hospital may have its needs related to specific personal protective equipment estimated, taking into account its historical stock levels and possible scheduled purchases. The tool allows for the adoption of strategies to control and keep the stock at safety levels to the demand, mitigating the risk of stock-out. As a direct consequence, it also enables the interchange and cooperation between hospitals, aiming to maximize the availability of equipment during the pandemic situation.
The dissemination mechanisms of Industry 4.0 knowledge in traditional industrial districts:evidence from Italy
Authors: Pagano Alessandro , Carloni Elisa , Galvani Serena , Bocconcelli Roberta 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to provide a contribution on the diffusion of Industry 4 (I4.0)-related knowledge in industrial districts (IDs). The main goal is to examine the dissemination of I4.0 knowledge, exploring the main mechanisms for its spreading and highlighting the main factors shaping such processes. Focus is on dissemination processes in IDs active in traditional industries, which could represent the “periphery” of I4.0 application context.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology is qualitative. Notably, this paper presents a case study of the Pesaro ID specialized in furniture/woodworking machinery sector. A total of 18 in-depth one-to-one interviews have been conducted with relevant informants from a variety of organizations within the cluster: companies, institutions and universities.FindingsThe complexity of I4.0 requires a combination of traditional mechanisms with innovative ones within IDs characterized by the emergence of new players, activities and resources. These changes led to three main evolving patterns: the horizon of I4.0 upgrading shows blurred boundaries in terms of sectors and geographic location, the I4.0 diffusion appears fragmented in terms of initiatives and projects by both firms and institutions and the dissemination of I4.0 knowledge pushes ID firms and institutions to pursue deliberate initiatives leading to innovative forms of “collective” cooperation.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to both theory and practice. From the theoretical point of view, this paper contributes to the literature on innovation in IDs and clusters on two interrelated grounds. First, it provides further research on I4.0 and IDs and clusters. Second, it contributes to the stream of research on knowledge creation and diffusion in IDs and clusters, providing empirically based insights over emerging local learning processes in IDs. Moreover, relevant managerial and policy implications stem from the analysis.
Effect of factors of organizational structure influencing nonphysical waste in road projects of developing countries
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Malik Muhammad Sohail Anwar , Kaka Khel Syyed Sami Ul Haq 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to rank the most significant factors of organizational structure that can reduce time and cost overruns (nonphysical waste) in road projects of the developing countries. Additionally, the effect of factors of organizational structure on nonphysical waste in road projects is also measured.Design/methodology/approachFactors of organizational structure causing time and cost overrun are extracted through a content analysis of the published literature. Moreover, a questionnaire survey is carried out involving 128 professionals to assess the effect of organizational structure factors on time and cost overrun. Finally, to obtain a more objective evaluation, relative importance index and regression analysis techniques are utilized, and the most severe factors influencing time and cost overrun are indicated.FindingsThis study found out that top management support and procurement procedures are the most significant factors influencing time and cost overruns in road projects of the developing countries.Originality/valueA small number of studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of factors of organizational structure on time and cost overrun in the construction industry. And even more, its relation with respect to road projects of the developing countries is limited. This research highlights the effect of most significant factors of organizational structure that influence the nonphysical waste in road projects of the developing countries. Therefore, this study adds to the body of knowledge by recommending that all the stakeholders of construction project should pay close attention toward these factors to control the enigma of time and cost overrun. It might also prove helpful, if implemented to its full extent, in all the road construction activities undertaken.
Roles and functions of stakeholders in implementing energy retrofits in the hotel sector
Authors: Fasna M.F.F. , Gunatilake Sachie 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThe success of energy retrofits (ER) projects is highly dependent on the involvement of right stakeholders at the right stage. So far, little insight is available from previous literature on the involvement of different stakeholders during various stages of the ER decision-making process, and their roles and functions in the respective stages. This is specifically true in the context of Energy Service Company (ESCO) led ER projects, which is an emerging trend in the current context. Hence, this paper aims to investigate the roles and functions of stakeholders during different stages of an ESCO-led ER project in the hotel sector.Design/methodology/approachAn in-depth case study was conducted in a selected hotel building to gain insights into the roles and functions of stakeholders throughout the project stages. To collect the required data, face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven selected respondents within the case.FindingsThe study identified nine key stakeholders that were involved during five different project stages along with their functions. Based on these identified functions, four main roles (i.e. decision-maker, performer, monitor/observer, and supporter) emerged that were reflective of the nature of the stakeholders' involvement in different stages of the decision-making process. Owner/client, facilities manager (FM), ESCO and architect attached to ESCO emerged as the key “decision-makers” during project implementation process.Originality/valueThe outcomes of this research would be useful in ensuring the proactive involvement of all the identified stakeholders in respective project stages of ESCO led ER projects in the hotel sector.
Influence of values, brand consciousness and behavioral intentions in predicting luxury fashion consumption
Authors: Kautish Pradeep , Khare Arpita , Sharma Rajesh 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the relationships among two distinct yet interconnected forms of value orientations, namely, terminal and instrumental values, brand consciousness and behavioral intentions. This study validated the conceptual model for branded fashion apparel consumption in an emerging market, e.g. India.

Design/methodology/approach
The research design followed a two-step approach to test the measurement and structural models for partial least squares structural equation modeling with SmartPLS (v.3.0) as recommended by Anderson and Gerbing (1988).

Findings
The results illustrated that both the instrumental and terminal values influence brand consciousness and, consequently, brand consciousness had an impact on behavioral intentions for fashion apparel consumption. Instrumental values had a greater influence on brand consciousness and behavioral intentions than terminal values. Brand consciousness mediated the relationship between instrumental/terminal values and behavioral intentions.

Research limitations/implications
This study defined two value orientations (i.e. instrumental versus terminal) using cross-sectional data from an emerging market. Future studies may examine the research findings’ generalizability using diverse data sets (longitudinal and cross-sectional) and evaluate the value orientation and customers’ favorable behavioral intentions for luxury fashion consumption.

Practical implications
This study provides insights into luxury marketers and practitioners to understand the contribution of instrumental and terminal values on brand consciousness and behavioral intentions for luxury fashion apparel. The findings would assist in developing marketing strategies for an emerging market, i.e. India.

Social implications
With the rapid proliferation of materialism, the Indian market has witnessed the dawn of a new era of luxury fashion acceptance. The research offers evidence that in emerging markets such as India, consumers exhibit value orientation toward luxury brands while holding a sense of fashion involvement in their consumption behavior.

Originality/value
This study is a pioneering attempt to understand the relationships between the value orientation, namely, instrumental and terminal values and their underlying influence on brand consciousness and behavioral intentions toward fashion apparel. Rokeach’s (1973) two-dimensional value dichotomy was adapted to understand luxury apparel consumption in an emerging market context, specifically India.
Dietary patterns and fatigue in female slimmers
Authors: Kaya Kaçar Hüsna , Avery Amanda , Bennett Sarah , McCullough Fiona 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to understand the association of dietary patterns with perceived fatigue and identify predictors for presence of fatigue in women who are obese and trying to lose weight.

Design/methodology/approach
An online survey, hosted by slimming world (SW), comprised of a questionnaire regarding weight, level of fatigue and food frequency questionnaire before joining the weight management programme (T0) and current data (T1) was conducted. In total, 543 non-pregnant women with obesity of child-bearing age (19-49 years) completed the survey (T0-T1). The principal components analysis was used to determine dietary patterns and multinomial logistic regression was used to analyse predictors for presence of fatigue.

Findings
The participants who have a “simple carbohydrate and high fat” dietary pattern were more likely to have fatigue at T0 (p ≤ 0.001) and those who followed a “vegetables” dietary pattern were less likely to have fatigue at T1 (p ≤ 0.05). The study findings indicate that while “simple carbohydrate and high fat” dietary pattern was associated with increased risk of fatigue, “vegetables” dietary pattern was associated with reduced risk of fatigue and a higher percentage of weight loss.

Originality/value
The present study appears to be the first study to examine associations between dietary patterns and fatigue. The strengths of the study included the in-depth analysis of this association in both before joining a weight management programme (SW) and currently as a member of SW with an adequate sample size.
Incidence of vasoplegic syndrome after cardiac transplantation in patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan
Authors: Domínguez Juan M. , García‐Romero Elena , Pàmies Julia , Mirabet Sonia , Gonzalez‐Costello Jose , Spitaleri Giosafat , Perez‐Villa Felix , Farrero Marta 
Published: May 2020

AbstractVasoplegic syndrome (VS) is associated with poor outcomes after heart transplantation (HT). Our aim was to determine whether SAC/VALS is associated with VS after HT. We retrospectively analyzed all consecutive HT performed in three centers between January 2017 and August 2018. VS was defined as vasopressor need (norepinephrine or epinephrine >.5 mcg/kg/min or vasopressin) for more than 24 hours to maintain a mean arterial pressure >70 mm Hg. Ninety‐six recipients underwent HT in the study period: 60 elective HT with no LVAD, 5 elective HT on long term LVAD, and 31 emergent HT: 3 on long‐term LVAD and 28 on temporary mechanical circulatory support. Fourteen patients were on SAC/VALS treatment at the time of transplant, and 82 were not. The global incidence of VS was 15.6%, with no significant differences between the groups (7.14% in with SAC/VALS vs 17.07% in no‐SAC/VALS). In conclusion, in our small cohort SAC/VALS was not associated with VS development.
Neuron‐glia interactions: Molecular basis of alzheimer’s disease and applications of neuroproteomics
Authors: Ibrahim Abdallah Mohammad , Pottoo Faheem Hyder , Dahiya Ekta Singh , Khan Firdos Alam , Kumar J. B. Senthil 
Published: May 2020

AbstractNeurodegenerative disorders present with progressive and irreversible degeneration of the neurons. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders affecting 50 million people worldwide (2017), expected to be doubled every 20 years. Primarily affected by age, AD is the cause for old‐age dementia, progressive memory loss, dysfunctional thoughts, confusion, cognitive impairment and personality changes. Neuroglia formerly understood as “glue” of the brain neurons consists of macroglia (astrocytes and oligodendrocyte), microglia and progenitors NG2‐glia, and constitute a large fraction of the mammalian brain. The primary functions of glial cells are to provide neurons with metabolic and structural support in the healthy brain; however, they attain a “reactive” state from the “resting” state upon challenged with a pathological insult such as a neurodegenerative cascade. Failure or defects in their homoeostatic functions (i.e. concentration of ions, neurotransmitters) ultimately jeopardize neurons with excitotoxicity and oxidative stress. Moreover, the most common clinical outcome of AD is the cognitive impairment and memory loss, which are attributed mainly by the accumulation of Aβ. Failure of glial cells to remove the Aβ toxic proteins accelerates the AD progression. The rapidly emerging proteomic techniques such as mass spectrometry (MS), cross‐linking mass spectrometry, hydrogen deuterium trade mass spectrometry, protein foot printing and 2‐DGE combined with LC–MS/MS present wide array of possibilities for the identification of differentially expressed proteins in AD.
Grazed temporary grass‐clover leys in crop rotations can have a positive impact on soil quality under both conventional and organic agricultural systems
Authors: Zani Caio F. , Gowing John , Abbott Geoffrey D. , Taylor James A. , Lopez‐Capel Elisa , Cooper Julia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSoil quality (SQ) is the ability of soil to provide ecosystem functions and services. Implementation of a certain agricultural system can affect SQ and therefore play an essential role in achieving sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to explore how agricultural systems (conventional vs. organic), grazing regime (non‐grazed vs. grazed) and the different proportions of temporary grass‐clover leys in crop rotations (ley time proportion, LTP) affect SQ within a mixed (cropping and pasture/dairy system) commercial farming enterprise in the UK. Seven SQ indicators were evaluated, including chemical (pH; available phosphorus (P); potassium (K)), physical (bulk density, BD; aggregate stability, AS) and biological (total carbon (C); microbial biomass carbon, MBC) sectors. All SQ indicators were measured at three depth intervals (0–0.15, 0.15–0.30, 0.30–0.60 m), except for AS and MBC, which were only considered for the topsoil (0–0.15 m). The findings reflected existing knowledge on the advantages of organic vs. conventional systems for SQ indicators, with the former showing higher MBC and similar K, BD, AS and C in the 0–0.30‐m compared to the latter. Lower topsoil available P in organic systems can be related to the lack of measurements in all P pools. When grazing was included: (a) both agricultural systems showed higher topsoil available P, C and MBC; and (b) there was a higher topsoil K in organic systems, whereas it positively affected topsoil BD and C (0.15–0.30 m) in conventional systems. Increasing LTP to 30–40% of the full crop rotation increased topsoil AS and C (0–0.30 m) in a linear fashion. Subsoil conditions (>0.30 m) favoured K, BD and C in conventional systems, but these results should be considered carefully. It was concluded that both organic and conventional systems delivered similar levels of SQ and that reviving mixed farming systems may be a key factor for delivering multifunctional agroecosystems that maintain SQ and optimize ecosystem services.HighlightsSingle‐farm comparison of top‐ and subsoil quality in organic and non‐organic systems.The organic system increased microbial biomass carbon but decreased topsoil available phosphorus.Grazing increased topsoil available phosphorus, carbon concentration and microbial biomass carbon.Temporary leys in rotations increased topsoil aggregate stability and carbon concentration.Mixed farming is a key factor for delivering multifunctional agroecosystems.