bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tech Giants as Ad Brokers
Authors: Stjernfelt Frederik , Lauritzen Anne Mette 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn 2017, The Australian published a confidential document leaked from Facebook. It revealed how the company had offered advertisers the opportunity to target ads to 6.4 million Facebook users as young as 14 who were going through psychologically vulnerable phases of their lives. In these phases, the teenagers felt “worthless”, “insecure”, “stressed” or “anxious”, among other things. To track these emotional downturns, Facebook had monitored the messages, images, interactions and activity of their users on the Internet.
Why Publish a Systematic Review: An Editor’s and Reader’s Perspective
Authors: Dowd Alicia C. , Johnson Royel M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSystematic reviews provide more than just a summary of the research literature related to a particular topic or question--rather they offer clear and compelling answers to questions related to the ”who,” "why," and "when" of studies. In this chapter, the authors draw on their experiences with systematic reviews—one as an editor of a highly regarded educational research journal, the other as a researcher and review author—to trace the growing popularity of systematic reviews in education literature and to pose a series of challenges to aspiring review authors to motivate and enliven their work. In particular, the authors stress the importance of melding scientific and rigorous review procedures with ’stylish’ academic writing that engages its audience through effective storytelling, attention to context (the people, places, policies, and practices represented in the studies under review), and clear implications for research and practice.
Conceptualizations and Measures of Student Engagement: A Worked Example of Systematic Review
Authors: Tai Joanna , Ajjawi Rola , Bearman Margaret , Wiseman Paul 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis chapter provides a commentary on the potential choices, processes, and decisions involved in undertaking a systematic review. It does this through using an illustrative case example, which draws on the application of systematic review principles at each stage as it actually happened. The chapter firstly introduces the topic of ‘student engagement’ and explains why a review was decided appropriate for this topic. The chapter then provides an exploration of the methodological choices and methods we used within the review. Next, the issues of results management and presentation are discussed. Reflections on the process, and key recommendations for undertaking systematic reviews on education topics are made, on the basis of this review, as well as the authors’ prior experiences as researchers and authors of review papers.
Systematic Reviews on Flipped Learning in Various Education Contexts
Authors: Lo Chung Kwan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis chapter shares the author’s experiences of and reflections on conducting systematic reviews of flipped classroom research. The author first discusses the rationale for conducting systematic reviews and how the reviews contribute to the flipped learning field. After that, he lighlights some possible strategies, regarding literature search, article selection, and research synthesis, to improve the quality of systematic reviews.
The Role of Social Goals in Academic Success: Recounting the Process of Conducting a Systematic Review
Authors: Goagoses Naska , Koglin Ute 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis chapter provides a reflective description of the steps taken in conducting a systematic review about the role of social goals in academic success. Through methodological reflections and explicit descriptions, we hope to provide guidance and inspiration to researchers who wish to conduct a systematic review in educational research. In our example, we illustrate the process of keyword selection, setting selection criteria, conducting the study selection and data extraction.
High-resolution single-camera photogrammetry: incorporation of refraction at a fluid interface
Authors: González-Vera A. S. , Wilting T. J. S. , Holten A. P. C. , van Heijst G. J. F. , Duran-Matute M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Photogrammetry uses images of a three-dimensional structure to derive information about its shape and position. In this work, a photogrammetric technique is implemented with a single camera and a digital projector to measure changes in an underwater sediment bed. This implementation incorporates refraction at an interface allowing for measurements through a deformed or changing water surface. The digital projector provides flexibility in choosing projected patterns and has a high frame rate, which allows to easily increase the spatial and temporal resolution of the measurements. The technique requires first for both the camera and the projector to be calibrated using triangulation. With the calibration, we construct lines in three-dimensional space that originate from the projector and the camera, and intersect on the surface to be measured. To correctly incorporate refraction due to a change of medium, each line in space is recalculated from its intersection with the interface using Snell’s law. This has the benefit that only one calibration for measurements is needed if the location and shape of the interface are known. The technique is validated by measuring a submerged undulated surface, plastic objects and a sediment bed. In particular, the undulated plate is reconstructed under a flat and a parabolic water surface. Finally, the technique is used in combination with particle image velocimetry to dynamically measure a changing sediment bed under an oscillating flow and the flow velocity at the free surface.

Graphic abstract
X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome in mainland China: review of clinical, genetic, and immunological characteristic
Authors: Xu Tao , Zhao Qin , Li Wenyan , Chen Xuemei , Xue Xiuhong , Chen Zhi , Du Xiao , Bai Xiaoming , Zhao Qian , Zhou Lina , Tang Xuemei , Yang Xi , Kanegane Hirokazu , Zhao Xiaodong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractX-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disease that can be divided into two types: SAP deficiency (XLP1) and XIAP deficiency (XLP2), caused by mutations in the SH2D1A and XIAP genes, respectively. Few cases of XLP (particularly XIAP deficiency) have been reported in mainland China; hence, little is known about the characteristics of Chinese patients with XLP. We identified 13 and 7 patients with SAP and XIAP deficiency, respectively, in our center. Of our 20 patients, 19/20 (95%) presented with disease symptoms at a very early age: six in infancy and 13 in childhood. One XIAP- and three SAP-deficient patients died, while 3/7(42.9%) and 4/13(30.8%), respectively, developed hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection was significantly more common in SAP-deficient 10/13 (76.9%) than XIAP-deficient 2/7 (28.6%) patients, as was hypogammaglobulinemia (10/13 (76.9%) vs. 1/7 (14.3%)). None of the seven XIAP-deficient patients had colitis or lymphoma. Nine SAP-deficient patients and five XIAP-deficient patients showed markedly deficient SAP and XIAP expression, respectively, in lymphocytes. Significantly reduced levels of switched memory B cells were observed in six SAP-deficient patients with persistent hypogammaglobulinemia. One of 13 (7.7%) SAP-deficient patients and 1 of 7 (12.3%) XIAP-deficient patients have received HSCT treatment and are now alive and well; the other alive patients were waiting for HSCT. We also summarized clinical, genetic, and immunological characteristics of all 55 patients (including our 20 patients) reported in the literature in mainland China today.Conclusion: The overall characteristics of SAP deficiency in mainland China were consistent with those in previous reports, whereas manifestations of XIAP deficiency varied significantly. None of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been reported among XIAP-deficient patients in our center; however, whether Chinese XIAP-deficient patients will develop colitis in the future warrants further investigation. HSCT is the only curative therapy for XLP and this therapy should be urgently considered.What is Known:• SAP and XIAP deficiencies share common clinical feature, HLH, whereas they also have their own specific manifestations.• IBD affects 25–30% of XIAP-deficient patients, which has been reported in other countries especially in European country and Japan.What is New:• This is the largest patient cohort study of XLP in China.• We firstly summarized the clinical features and outcomes of Chinese XIAP-deficient patients and found only 1 in 22 patients developed IBD and diet background may contribute to it; Asian SAP-deficient patients carrying SH2D1A R55X mutation were more prone to HLH.
High gamma-glutamyl hydrolase and low folylpolyglutamate synthetase expression as prognostic biomarkers in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer who were administrated postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1
Authors: Maezawa Yukio , Sakamaki Kentaro , Oue Naohide , Kimura Yayoi , Hashimoto Itaru , Hara Kentaro , Kano Kazuki , Aoyama Toru , Hiroshima Yukihiko , Yamada Takanobu , Yamamoto Naoto , Ogata Takashi , Ito Hiroyuki , Cho Haruhiko , Shiozawa Manabu , Yoshikawa Takaki , Morinaga Soichiro , Rino Yasushi , Yasui Wataru , Masuda Munetaka , Miyagi Yohei , Oshima Takashi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
The enzymes gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) and folylpolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS) regulate intracellular folate concentrations needed for cell proliferation, DNA synthesis, and repair. High GGH expression affects 5-FU thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibition and is a risk factor for various malignancies. Here, the clinical significance of GGH and FPGS expression was investigated in Stage II/III gastric cancer patients undergoing postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1.

Methods
Surgical specimens of cancer tissue and adjacent normal mucosa, obtained from 253 patients with previously untreated gastric cancer, were examined. GGH and FPGS mRNA expression was measured by qPCR to evaluate their clinicopathological significance in gastric cancer patients after curative resection.

Results
While FPGS expression showed no significant differences between the cancerous and normal samples, GGH expression was higher in cancer tissue than in adjacent normal mucosa. High GGH expression was correlated with age, histological type, and vascular invasion. Overall survival (OS) of patients with high GGH mRNA expression was significantly poorer than of patients with low GGH expression. Multivariate analysis showed that high GGH expression was an independent prognostic factor of OS (HR: 2.58, 95% CI 1.29–5.16). Patients who received S-1 adjuvant treatment showed a significantly poor OS between high GGH/low FPGS and low GGH/high FPGS. Patients without adjuvant treatment showed no significant difference.

Conclusion
GGH expression was significantly higher in gastric cancer tissue than in adjacent normal mucosa. High GGH and low FPGS expression is a useful independent predictor of poor outcomes in stage II/III gastric cancer patients undergoing postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1.
Robot assisted versus laparoscopic suturing learning curve in a simulated setting
Authors: Leijte Erik , de Blaauw Ivo , Van Workum Frans , Rosman Camiel , Botden Sanne 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Compared to conventional laparoscopy, robot assisted surgery is expected to have most potential in difficult areas and demanding technical skills like minimally invasive suturing. This study was performed to identify the differences in the learning curves of laparoscopic versus robot assisted suturing.

Method
Novice participants performed three suturing tasks on the EoSim laparoscopic augmented reality simulator or the RobotiX robot assisted virtual reality simulator. Each participant performed an intracorporeal suturing task, a tilted plane needle transfer task and an anastomosis needle transfer task. To complete the learning curve, all tasks were repeated up to twenty repetitions or until a time plateau was reached. Clinically relevant and comparable parameters regarding time, movements and safety were recorded. Intracorporeal suturing time and cumulative sum analysis was used to compare the learning curves and phases.

Results
Seventeen participants completed the learning curve laparoscopically and 30 robot assisted. Median first knot suturing time was 611 s (s) for laparoscopic versus 251 s for robot assisted (p < 0.001), and this was 324 s versus 165 (sixth knot, p < 0.001) and 257 s and 149 s (eleventh knot, p < 0.001) respectively on base of the found learning phases. The percentage of ‘adequate surgical knots’ was higher in the laparoscopic than in the robot assisted group. First knot: 71% versus 60%, sixth knot: 100% versus 83%, and eleventh knot: 100% versus 73%. When assessing the ‘instrument out of view’ parameter, the robot assisted group scored a median of 0% after repetition four. In the laparoscopic group, the instrument out of view increased from 3.1 to 3.9% (left) and from 3.0 to 4.1% (right) between the first and eleventh knot (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
The learning curve of minimally invasive suturing shows a shorter task time curve using robotic assistance compared to the laparoscopic curve. However, laparoscopic outcomes show good end results with rapid outcome improvement.
The Shelf Life of Official Sub-National Population Forecasts in England
Authors: Simpson Ludi , Wilson Tom , Shalley Fiona 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe measure the empirical distribution of the accuracy of projected population in sub-national areas of England, developing the concept of ‘shelf life’: the furthest horizon for which the subsequent best estimate of population is within 10% of the forecast, for at least 80% of areas projected. Since local government reorganisation in 1974, the official statistics agency has projected the population of each local government area in England: for 108 areas in nine forecasts up to the 1993-based, and for over 300 areas in 10 forecasts from the 1996-based to the 2014-based forecasts. By comparing the published forecast (we use this term rather than projection) with the post-census population estimates, the empirical distribution of errors has been described. It is particularly dependent on the forecast horizon and the type of local authority. For 10-year forecasts the median absolute percentage error has been 7% for London Boroughs and 3% for Shire Districts. Users of forecasts tend to have in mind a horizon and a required accuracy that is of relevance to their application. A shelf life of 10 years is not sufficient if the user required that accuracy of a forecast 15 years ahead. The relevant effective shelf life deducts the user’s horizon. We explore the empirical performance of official sub-national forecasts in this light. A five-year forecast for London Boroughs requiring 10% accuracy is already beyond its effective shelf life by the time it is published. Collaboration between forecasters and users of forecasts can develop information on uncertainty that is useful to planning.
Formulae in noncommutative Hodge theory
Authors: Sheridan Nick 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe prove that the cyclic homology of a saturated$$A_\infty $$A∞category admits the structure of a ‘polarized variation of Hodge structures’, building heavily on the work of many authors: the main point of the paper is to present complete proofs, and also explicit formulae for all of the relevant structures. This forms part of a project of Ganatra, Perutz and the author, to prove that homological mirror symmetry implies enumerative mirror symmetry.
Globalization and the erosion of geo-ethnic checkpoints: evolving signal-boundary systems at the edge of chaos
Authors: Girard Chris 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSpatial boundaries, thermodynamic–economic specialization, and signal processing are at the core of evolution’s major transitions. Centered on these three dimensions, a proposed evolutionary informatics model roots ethnic and racial cleavages in zero-sum contests over rivalrous resources within geophysical sites. As the geophysical boundaries and signal-processing complexity of social systems coevolved, zero-sum contests centered on metropoles extracting resources from hinterlands. In this colonial extraction process, racialization arose from non-market spatial segregation of populations tagged with hinterland lineage. Subsequent post-industrial erosion—and greater permeability—of racial and ethnic boundaries has been enabled by the progressive uncoupling of more highly evolved complex adaptive systems from geophysical location (non-territorial adaptation). Signal and physical topologies are becoming more distinct. This uncoupling from physical location is driven by cybernetic parallelism in complex adaptive systems: diverse and independent agents learning from their mutual exchange of signals. Cybernetic parallelism has generated epistemic and geopolitical challenges to formal apartheid and racializing immigration policies, but not without friction or reversals.
New Performance Index “Attractiveness Factor” for Evaluating Websites via Obtaining Transition of Users’ Interests
Authors: Yoshida Akihiro , Higurashi Tatsuru , Maruishi Masaki , Tateiwa Nariaki , Hata Nozomi , Tanaka Akira , Wakamatsu Takashi , Nagamatsu Kenichi , Tajima Akira , Fujisawa Katsuki 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe studies of browsing behavior have gained increasing attention in web analysis for providing better service. Most of the conventional approaches focus on simple indices such as average dwell time and conversion rate. These indices make similar evaluations to websites even if their features are significantly different. Moreover, such statistical indices are not sensitive to the dynamics of users’ interests. In this paper, we propose a new framework for measuring a website’s attractiveness that takes into account both the distribution and dynamics of users’ interests. Within the framework, we define a new index for the website, called Attractiveness Factor, which evaluates the degree of users’ attention. It consists of three procedures: First, we capture the transition of users’ interests during browsing by solving a nonnegative matrix factorization and constrained network flow problems. To accommodate multiple types of interests of a user, we applied a soft clustering as opposed to a hard clustering to model attributes of users and websites. Second, for each website, the feature of each cluster is obtained by fitting the dwell time distribution with Weibull distribution. Finally, we calculate Attractiveness Factor of a website by applying the results of clustering and fitting. Attractiveness Factor depends on the distribution of the dwell time of users interested in the website, which reflects the change of interest of users. Numerical experiments with real web access data of Yahoo Japan News are conducted by solving extremely large-scale optimization problems. They show that Attractiveness Factor captures more exceptional information about browsing behavior more effectively than well-used indices. Attractive factors give low ratings to category pages; however, it can assign high ratings to websites that attract many people, such as hot topic news about the 2018 FIFA World Cup, Japan’s new imperial era’ REIWA,’ and North Korea—the United States Hanoi Summit. Moreover, we demonstrate that Attractiveness Factor can detect the tendency of users’ attention to each website at a given time interval of the day.
Attachment and Crying in Patients with Medically Unexplained Somatic Symptoms
Authors: Jansman R. , Riem M. M. E. , Broekhuizen-Dijksman S. , Veth C. , Beijer E. , Vingerhoets A. J. J. M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMentalization deficits and disturbances in emotional functioning may contribute to somatization in patients with medically unexplained somatic symptoms (MUSS). The present study aimed to increase understanding the psychological factors that contribute to somatization by examining associations between attachment, crying attitudes and behavior, and somatic symptoms in these patients. Attachment security was measured with the Experiences in Close Relationships Questionnaire in sixty-eight outpatients diagnosed with MUSS. Somatic symptom severity was measured with the RAND-36, crying frequency, and attitudes with the Adult Crying Inventory. Patients were asked to evaluate photographs of crying individuals in order to assess the perception of crying and empathic responses to crying. Attachment anxiety was significantly related to somatic symptom severity and negative attitudes toward crying. In addition, somatic symptom severity was related to a more negative attitude toward crying and less awareness of the interpersonal impact of crying on others. The association between attachment anxiety and somatic symptoms was, however, not mediated by crying or negative attitude toward crying. Neither were there significant associations between attachment, somatic symptoms, and empathic responses to crying. Altered attitudes to crying may stem from a history of insecure attachment experiences and may reflect maladaptive emotion strategies in MUSS patients.
The Consortium for the early identification of Alzheimer's disease–Quebec (CIMA‐Q)
Authors: Belleville Sylvie , LeBlanc Andréa C. , Kergoat Marie‐Jeanne , Calon Frédéric , Gaudreau Pierrette , Hébert Sébastien S. , Hudon Carol , Leclerc Nicole , Mechawar Naguib , Duchesne Simon , Gauthier Serge ,   Consortium for the Early Identification of Alzheimer's disease‐Quebec (CIMA‐Q), Bellec Pierre , Belleville Sylvie , Bocti Christian , Calon Frédéric , Chertkow Howard , Collins Louis , Cunnane Stephen , Duchesne Simon , Gaudreau Pierrette , Gauthier Serge , Hébert Sébastien S. , Marie‐Jeanne‐Kergoat Carol Hudon , LeBlanc Andréa C. , Leclerc Nicole , Mechawar Naguib , Philips Natalie , Soucy Jean‐Paul , Dang Vu Thien Thanh , Verret Louis , Villalpando Juan Manuel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe Consortium for the early identification of Alzheimer's disease–Quebec (CIMA‐Q) created a research infrastructure to recruit, characterize, and track disease progression in individuals at risk of dementia.MethodsCIMA‐Q established standardized clinical, neuropsychological, neuroimaging, blood (plasma, serum, RNA, genomic DNA), cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and cerebrospinal fluid collection protocols. These data and biological materials are available to the research community.ResultsIn phase 1, 115 persons with subjective cognitive decline, 88 with mild cognitive impairment, 31 with early probable Alzheimer's disease, and 56 older adults with no worries nor impairments received detailed clinical and cognitive evaluations as well as blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cells collections. Among them, 142 underwent magnetic resonance imaging, 29 a 18fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, and 60 a lumbar puncture.DiscussionCIMA‐Q provides procedures and resources to identify early biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets, and holds promise for detecting cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease.