bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective study of DNA prevalence of porcine parvoviruses in Mexico and its relationship with porcinecircovirusassociated disease
Authors: Garcia‐Camacho Lucia Angélica , Vargas‐Ruiz Alejandro , Marin‐Flamand Ernesto , Ramírez‐Álvarez Hugo , Brown Corrie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWorldwide, many emerging porcine parvoviruses (PPVs) have been linked to porcine circovirus‐2 (PCV2) associated disease (PCVAD), which includes post‐weaning multi‐systemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), PCV2‐related reproductive failure (PCV2‐RF), as well as other syndromes. To determine the DNA prevalence of PPVs and their relationship with PMWS and PCV2‐RF in Mexico, 170 formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissues were selected from archival collections to detect PPVs using a nested polymerase chain reaction. The tissues were composed of 50 PMWS cases, 20 age‐matched tissues from healthy pigs, 56 PCV2‐related reproductive failure (PCV2+‐RF) cases, and 44 PCV2‐‐RF cases. Overall, PPV2 and PPV6 were the most prevalent species (90.0% and 74.7%, respectively). In 8–11 week old pigs, the highest prevalence was for PPV6 and PPV3. Concerning reproductive failure, the PCV2‐affected farms had a significantly higher prevalence for PPV6 (61.6%) and PPV5 (36.4%) than the PCV2‐unaffected farms (35.0% and 5.0%, respectively). The concurrent infection rate was high, being significant for PPV2/PPV4 and PPV1/PPV5 within the PMWS cases and for PPV6/PPV5 among the PCV2+‐RF tissues. PPV5 showed a significant relationship with PMWS, whereas PPV5 and PPV6 were significant for PCVAD. The prevalence and coinfection rate of PPVs in Mexico were markedly higher than that described in other countries, denoting that PPV5 and PPV6 might have a potential role in PCVAD in Mexico. It is concluded that it is likely that the density population of pigs in Mexico is contributing to high PPV inter‐species and PCV2 coinfections which might lead to a different pathogenic outcome.
The Managerial Ombudsman
Authors: Gill Chris , Mullen Tom , Vivian Nial 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article identifies a major development in the role and practice of the ombudsman. It argues that the New Public Management practices that have transformed public administration in the last 30 years have led to a more managerial approach to the ombudsman's work. The article's argument is developed through analysis of an empirical case study of the Scottish Public Services Ombudsman, which illustrates how the aims and techniques of managerialism have been deployed in the ombudsman context. The article evaluates the significance of these developments for the ombudsman institution and for the wider justice system. It examines the risks and opportunities inherent in this turn to managerialism and whether it represents a departure from the ombudsman's mission or a necessary adaptation to a changed world of public administration. In identifying the rise of the ‘managerial ombudsman’, the article provides a new framework for conceptualising developments in the modern ombudsman institution.
Indigenous Cosmogony and Andean Architecture in El Alto, Bolivia
Authors: Poupeau Franck 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis essay applies Bourdieu's analysis of the formation of the ‘scholastic habitus’ in medieval times—elaborated in his 1967 afterword to his French translation of Erwin Panofsky's Gothic Architecture and Scholasticism—to the correspondence between indigenous mental categories and architectural innovation in the Bolivian ‘rebel city’ of El Alto. The principle of homology between mental categories and building layout (rooted in a shared habitus) can be used to interpret one of the most spectacular features of Bolivia's ‘emerging architectures’, known as chalets. The term chalet designates a hybrid structure consisting of a colorful and ornate penthouse and multi‐story dwelling erected on building rooftops. The chalets are architectural forms embedded within an economy of symbolic goods characterized by a ‘dual truth’: they are at once material and symbolic; they perform economic functions while seeking public visibility. The conspicuous lifestyle advertised by the construction of chalets can be understood by reference to the rising social power of the indigenous elites (cholos) dominating the thriving ‘ethnic economy’ of the city. The fraternities of El Alto emerge as the structural equivalent of the scholastic institution that Bourdieu associated with Gothic architecture: they are the site of production of a specific habitus, shared by native urban categories defined by similar residential locations, economic activities and forms of collective organization.
Urban Symbolic Violence Re‐Made: Religion, Politics and Spatial Struggles in Istanbul
Authors: Tuğal Cihan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe symbolic and physical map of Istanbul has undergone dramatic shifts over the past four decades. Squatters—the persistent underdogs in this huge metropolis—have mounted an attack against established economic and cultural hierarchies. This challenge has transformed the structures of symbolic violence through the production of an alternative urban space (contentious neighborhoods and districts, teahouses, innovative district and street layouts, and ‘Islamic’ internal and external architecture). In the process, the meanings of urbanity and provinciality, of secularity and Islam, have been altered—and stigma, along with urban rent, has been systematically redistributed (although redistribution has been far from egalitarian). The dominant sectors ultimately absorbed the attack: squatters remained subordinated, but the terms of subordination have changed. A synthesis of Bourdieu and (a geographically revised) Gramsci sheds light on this process of challenge and absorption in and through urban space.
Constructing an index for comparing human resources management sustainability in Europe
Authors: Diaz‐Carrion Rosalia , López‐Fernández Macarena , Romero‐Fernandez Pedro M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAssuming that a company's institutional context influences its sustainability approach and its human resources management (HRM), this article compares firms' sustainable HRM systems across countries. Despite the presence of a supranational government, different social models exist in Europe according to the level of social protection in each country. The article compares the engagement of companies with sustainable HRM across Europe and develops an index with which to compare HRM sustainability in countries that present significant institutional differences: Germany, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The index is constructed based on a formative measurement model, which reflects the implementation levels of sustainable HRM in 106 western European firms. The index reveals significant differences between companies from the four countries and between liberal and coordinated market economies, indicating the need to address the impact of the national institutional context on firms' HRM sustainability.
TRIAP1 knockdown sensitizes non‐small cell lung cancer to ionizing radiation by disrupting redox homeostasis
Authors: Hao Chun‐cheng , Luo Jia‐ning , Xu Cui‐yang , Zhao Xin‐yu , Zhong Zhen‐bin , Hu Xiao‐nan , Jin Xiao‐ming , Ge Xiaofeng 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundRadioresistance of some non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) types increases the risk of recurrence or metastasis in afflicted patients, following radiotherapy. As such, further improvements to NSCLC radiotherapy are needed. The expression of oncogene TP53‐regulated inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (TRIAP1) in NSCLC is increased following irradiation. Furthermore, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) has suggested that TRIAP1 might be involved in maintaining redox homeostasis. This in turn might enhance cell radioresistance.MethodsIn this study we irradiated human NSCLC cell lines (A549 and H460), while knocking down TRIAP1, to determine whether a disrupted redox homeostasis could attenuate radioresistance.ResultsIrradiation notably increased both mRNA and protein levels of TRIAP1. In addition, TRIAP1 knockdown decreased the expression of several antioxidant proteins, including thioredoxin‐related transmembrane protein (TMX) 1, TMX2, thioredoxin (TXN), glutaredoxin (GLRX) 2, GLRX3, peroxiredoxin (PRDX) 3, PRDX4, and PRDX6 in A549 and H460 cells. In addition, silencing TRIAP1 impaired the radiation‐induced increase of the aforementioned proteins. Continuing along this line, we observed a radiation‐induced reduction of cell viability and invasion, as well as increased apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species following TRIAP1 knockdown.ConclusionsIn summary, we identified TRIAP1 as a key contributor to the radioresistance of NSCLC by maintaining redox homeostasis.
Three new species of Hadreule Thomson (Coleoptera: Ciidae) from the Southern Hemisphere with an identification key to world species
Authors: Souza‐Gonçalves Igor , Lopes‐Andrade Cristiano , Lawrence John F 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHadreule Thomson, 1859 is a small genus of ciid beetles, comprising three Holarctic and one Australasian species. Here, three additional species from the Southern Hemisphere are described: H. mineira sp. nov. from Southeast and Northeast Brazil, characterised by the eight‐segmented antennae and male with large abdominal sex patch; H. vivianae sp. nov. from Southeast Brazil, characterised by the elytra darker than pronotum and male with small abdominal sex patch; and H. pacifica sp. nov. from Polynesian and Micronesian islands, characterised by the third antennomere being twice as long as the fourth and the possession of a two‐segmented antennal club. A brief description and images of the presumed larva of H. pacifica sp. nov. are also provided, together with images of the presumed larva of H. mineira sp. nov. and an identification key for adults of the world species of Hadreule.
Hoffmannocoris sinuatus sp. nov. and a new generic synonym in the Harpactorinae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) of Africa, with a brief history of ‘Rhaphidosomatini’
Authors: Swanson Daniel R 
Published: February 2020

AbstractKnowledge of the biodiversity of a region can have wide‐ranging implications for other disciplines and enterprises, including public health, agriculture and pest management, and conservation. However, in order to properly assess a region's biodiversity, an accurate and up‐to‐date taxonomy is needed. While description of new taxa plays a sizeable role in how biodiversity changes over time, the re‐assessment of previously described taxa and the recognition of synonyms are of equal importance. In this service, taxonomic study of ‘Rhaphidosomatini’ and its variously associated taxa was undertaken. ‘Rhaphidosomatini’ are a group of harpactorine assassin bugs centred around three predominantly sub‐Saharan genera. However, its composition has remained obfuscated, as nine other small (mostly monotypic) genera have been subsequently associated with the group, either explicitly or through implied relationship. Its basic history, culminating in the rejection of ‘Rhaphidosomatini’ as a valid taxonomic group, is here discussed. Also, during this investigation, both a new species and a new generic synonym were discovered, necessitating the following taxonomic changes. Hoffmannocoris sinuatus sp. nov. is herein described from Grahamstown, South Africa. Harrisocoris africanus Miller, 1959 is here considered a junior synonym of Igora repraesentatus Hesse, 1925 syn. nov.; this taxonomic change relegates the genus Harrisocoris Miller, 1959 to a junior synonym of Igora Hesse, 1925 syn. nov. Finally, a single new country record for Rhaphidosoma collarti Schouteden, 1952 from Uganda is reported.
Right atrial versus right ventricular HeartWare HVAD position in patients on biventricular HeartWare HVAD support: A systematic review
Authors: Maynes Elizabeth J. , O’Malley Thomas J. , Patel Preeyal , Prochno Kyle W. , Wood Chelsey T. , Choi Jae Hwan , Morris Rohinton J. , Entwistle John W. , Massey H. Todd , Tchantchaleishvili Vakhtang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn patients with biventricular heart failure or refractory right heart failure following HeartWare HVAD placement, off‐label placement of a right‐sided HeartWare HVAD has been described both in the right ventricular (RV) and right atrial (RA) positions. We sought to evaluate and compare the outcomes of right‐sided HeartWare HVAD using the RA versus RV approach. An electronic search was performed in the English literature to identify all reports of left‐ and right‐heart support with HeartWare HVAD. Of the 1,288 articles identified, 13 articles with 56 cases met inclusion criteria. Patient‐level data were extracted and analyzed. The median patient age was 52 years (IQR 33.0‐59.0) and 40/50 (80.0%) were male. Overall, 21/56 patients (37.5%) had RA HVAD, while 35/56 (62.5%) had RV HVAD. Most underwent concomitant HVAD placement [RA: 17/21 (81.0%) vs. RV: 31/35 (88.6%), P = .69]. In those who did not, the median time between left and right HVAD was 10 days (IQR 7‐14) for RA HVAD and 12 days (IQR 8‐30) for RV HVAD (P = .77). The median time of support was 351 days (IQR 136‐626) for RA HVAD compared to 135 days (IQR 61‐244) for RV HVAD (P = .02). Pump thrombosis occurred at a similar rate [RA: 3/10 (30.0%) vs. RV: 6/20 (30.0%), P = 1], as did GI bleeding [RA: 10/35 (28.6%) vs. RV: 5/21 (23.8%), P = .94] during the follow‐up time period. Kaplan‐Meier analysis when censored for transplant showed higher survival with RA HVAD compared to RV HVAD (P = .036), with an estimated survival at 1 year of 91.7% (95% CI 77.3‐100.0) in RA HVAD versus 66.2% (95% CI 48.9‐89.6) for RV HVAD. RA HVAD appears to be a viable option for durable right‐sided support with outcomes at least comparable to RV HVAD.
Effects of topical treatment of cannabidiol extract in a unique manuka factor 5 manuka honey carrier on second intention wound healing on equine distal limb wounds: a preliminary study
Authors: McIver VC , Tsang AS , Symonds NE , Perkins NR , Uquillas E , Dart CM , Jeffcott LB , Dart AJ 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveEvaluate the effect of topical 1% cannabidiol on second intention wound healing in distal limb wounds of horses.DesignExperimental.AnimalsSix Standardbred horses.MethodsA total of five 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm full thickness skin wounds were created on the dorsomedial aspect of the metacarpi of 6 horses. Wounds were contaminated with faeces on the day of wound creation. Each wound was then assigned to a treatment group; compounded 1% cannabidiol in unique manuka factor (UMF) 5 manuka honey, UMF 5 manuka honey, UMF 20 manuka honey or saline. Each treatment was applied topically daily for a total of 42 days. Legs were bandaged and bandages were changed, daily, for 13 days postoperatively. Digital photographs of each wound were taken on day 1 then weekly for 6 weeks. Wound size, daily healing rate and total time to healing were recorded and compared statistically.ResultsIrrespective of the treatment, wounds did not retract as expected in the first 7 days after wound creation. There was no difference in wound area, daily healing rate, days to complete healing between treatment groups.ConclusionsThis preliminary study failed to demonstrate any difference in wound healing variables between treatment groups in this model of second intention wound healing. This was unexpected due to the established effects of UMF 20 manuka honey on wound healing using the same model. This may be due to systemic effects of cannabidiol and study design. Further research into the use of cannabidiol in equine wounds is warranted.
Distinguishing spontaneous from deliberate mind wandering in adolescents: The role of attentional control and depressive symptoms
Authors: Vannucci Manila , Chiorri Carlo , Nocentini Annalaura , Menesini Ersilia 
Published: February 2020

Research on individual differences in mind wandering (MW) in healthy adults has supported the separation of spontaneous and deliberate MW given their different association with a number of psychological traits. This study aimed to further test this distinction by investigating the associations of the two types of MW with attentional control and depressive symptomatology in adolescents. Data were collected on 439 9–10th graders, who completed measures of spontaneous and deliberate MW, distractibility, difficulty in attentional shifting, and depressive symptomatology. A multivariate three‐level multiple regression revealed that distractibility was a significant predictor of only spontaneous MW, whereas difficulties in attentional shifting and depressive symptoms were significant predictors of both types of MW. However, the last two variables were stronger predictors for spontaneous than for deliberate MW. These findings provide support for the distinction, beyond their theoretical and empirical overlap, between the two types of MW also in adolescents and suggest the independent contribution of cognitive functioning and depressive symptoms.
Statement of contribution

What is already known?

Studies on mind wandering (MW) in adults have shown that spontaneous and deliberate MW reflect dissociable cognitive experiences.

In adults, trait‐level tendency to spontaneous MW seems to reflect difficulties in controlled attentional processing.

The majority of studies on MW in adolescents have treated this phenomenon as unitary and found a relation with negative affect, stress, and self‐esteem.

What does this study add?

This is the first study to examine cognitive functioning and depressive symptoms as correlates of spontaneous and deliberate MW in adolescents.

We found that distractibility is a significant predictor of only spontaneous MW.

Difficulties in attentional shifting and depressive symptoms are significant predictors of both types of MW, although stronger for spontaneous MW.

The findings support the distinction, beyond their theoretical and empirical overlap, between the two types of MW also in adolescents and call for future studies on the function of deliberate and spontaneous MW across development.
The management of lower limb arteriovenous grafts in the perioperative period following renal transplantation
Authors: Isaak Andrej , Madurska Marta J. , Stevenson Karen S. , Gürke Lorenz , Kingsmore David B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe presence of a lower limb arteriovenous graft (LL‐AVG) is indicative of a group of complex hemodialysis patients who have precarious long‐term vascular access. The aim of this study is to describe our experience of the clinical decisions and interactions between LL‐AVG and renal transplantation.MethodsThe records of 23 patients who received a transplant in the presence of a LL‐AVG between 2010 and 2018 were analyzed: firstly, to determine whether patients with a LL‐AVG received extended criteria transplants, the implantation procedure, and the management of the LL‐AVG in the post‐operative period.ResultsSeventeen patients (74%) had “end‐stage access” and were thus considered for all offer stratified by the kidney donor profile index (KDPI) and donor type (DBD or DCD). In eleven patients (48%), a kidney with a high risk of delayed graft function was transplanted. Same‐sided renal transplantation occurred in only 35% of cases, and of these, only one LL‐AVG was ligated immediately to improve transplant perfusion.ConclusionA patient‐based approach applied in decision‐making on management of the LL‐AVG post‐transplantation should include (a) the likelihood of delayed graft function, (b) the need for post‐operative hemodialysis, (c) the side of proposed transplant compared to the LL‐AVG, and (d) local complications.
Distribution of breeding humpback whale habitats and overlap with cumulative anthropogenic impacts in the Eastern Tropical Atlantic
Authors: Chou Emily , Kershaw Francine , Maxwell Sara M. , Collins Tim , Strindberg Samantha , Rosenbaum Howard C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimSpecies distribution modelling is a useful tool for determining important habitats. By accounting for specific animal behaviour in the model, it is possible to identify finer‐scale patterns of habitat use. Together with spatially explicit data on anthropogenic activities, models can be used to assess human impacts and inform conservation management. This study used observations of breeding behaviour to identify fine‐scale breeding habitats of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae), as well as potential overlap of these habitats with cumulative anthropogenic impacts.LocationEastern Tropical Atlantic, West Africa.MethodsMaxent was used to model humpback distribution using pertinent environmental predictors and an integrated dataset of humpback whale occurrences filtered for breeding‐specific behaviours. In conjunction with multiple anthropogenic activities, a subsequent cumulative utilization and impact analysis assessed the degree of overlap between predicted breeding habitat and potential anthropogenic impacts.ResultsGreatest habitat suitability occurred in warm coastal waters of Gabon, and other highly suitable areas occurred off Equatorial Guinea (Bioko Island), Cameroon and Angola. Sea surface temperature and height contributed most to the model. Highest overlap between humpback whales and potential impacts from anthropogenic activities occurred off Gabon, Equatorial Guinea (Bioko Island), Cameroon and Angola. Impacts associated with oil and gas development (where oil and gas platforms serve as an indicator for industry activity) appeared to contribute most to potential cumulative impact.Main ConclusionsDepth and sea surface temperature of predicted breeding habitats were consistent with previous studies. However, lesser known characteristics such as sea surface height and wind speed, resulting in potentially more sheltered areas for breeding whales, may also be important in delineating finer‐scale habitat suitability. Identified areas of high potential cumulative impact occurred within exclusive economic zones of multiple countries and likely represent the minimum level of impact to humpback whales in the region, highlighting the need for additional research and effective management throughout the area.
Influence of an SGLT2 inhibitor, tofogliflozin, on the resting heart rate in relation to adipose tissue insulin resistance
Authors: Nojima T. , Matsubayashi Y. , Yoshida A. , Suganami H. , Abe T. , Ishizawa M. , Fujihara K. , Tanaka S. , Kaku K. , Sone H. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsTo examine the effects of a sodium–glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, tofogliflozin, on resting heart rate by exploring baseline factors that independently influenced changes in the resting heart rate.MethodsData on 419 participants in tofogliflozin phase 2/3 trials were analysed. Changes in resting heart rate from baseline to week 24 were analysed using an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) model with groups (tofogliflozin/placebo) as a fixed effect and baseline values as covariates. The antilipolytic effect was evaluated as adipose tissue insulin resistance (Adipo‐IR) and was calculated as the product of fasting insulin and free fatty acid. Multivariate analysis evaluated independent factors for changes in resting heart rate from baseline to week 24.ResultsOf the participants, 58% were men, and mean age, HbA1c, BMI and resting heart rate were 57.6 years, 65 mmol/mol (8.1%), 25.5 kg/m2 and 66 bpm, respectively. At week 24, adjusted mean difference vs. placebo in the change from baseline was −2.3 bpm [95% confidence interval (CI) −4.6, −0.1] with tofogliflozin. Changes in resting heart rate were positively correlated with changes in Adipo‐IR, whereas reductions in HbA1c, body weight and blood pressure were similar independent of changes in resting heart among quartiles of resting heart rate change. On multivariate analysis, higher baseline resting heart rates and Adipo‐IR values were significantly associated with greater reductions in resting heart rate.ConclusionsTofogliflozin corrected resting heart rate levels in accordance with baseline levels. Correction of high resting heart rates may be attributed to improved adipose tissue insulin resistance, leading to correction of hyperinsulinaemia.