bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathological margins and advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Phillips T. J. , Harris B. N. , Moore M. G. , Farwell D. G. , Bewley A. F. 
Published: October 2019

Objective The recommended treatment for cutaneous squamous cell cancer (CuSCC) of the head and neck is Mohs surgical excision or wide local excision. Excision is recommended to a gross surgical margin of 4–6 mm however this is based on limited evidence and specify a goal histologic margin. The objective of this study was therefore to examine the reported histological margin distance following WLE of advanced CuSCC and its association with recurrence and survival. Study design Retrospective database review. Setting All patients included received treatment at UC Davis Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and/or Radiation Oncology in Sacramento, California. Subjects and methods The patients included were treated for advanced CuSCC with primary surgery with or without adjuvant therapy. Kaplan Meier survival curves with log rank analysis were then performed to compare 5-year recurrence free survival, and disease-specific survival for patients with different margin distances. Results Total number of subjects was 92. The overall 5-year DSS and RFS was 68.8 and 51.0% respectively. When the pathological margin distance was ≥5 mm, 5-year disease specific survival was improved when compared to margin distance less than 5 mm (94.7 vs 60.7 p = 0.034). Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that a histologic margin of at least 5 mm may increase survival in advanced head and neck CuSCC patients.
Anesthesia With and Without Nitrous Oxide and Long-term Cognitive Trajectories in Older Adults
Authors: Sprung Juraj , Abcejo Arnoley S. (Arney) , Knopman David S. , Petersen Ronald C. , Mielke Michelle M. , Hanson Andrew C. , Schroeder Darrell R. , Schulte Phillip J. , Martin David P. , Weingarten Toby N. , Pasternak Jeffrey J. , Warner David O. 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND:
We evaluated the hypothesis that the rate of postoperative decline in global cognition is greater in older adults exposed to general anesthesia with nitrous oxide (N2O) compared to general anesthesia without N2O.

METHODS:
Longitudinal measures of cognitive function were analyzed in nondemented adults, 70–91 years of age, enrolled in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. Linear mixed-effects models with time-varying covariates assessed the relationship between exposure to surgery with general anesthesia (surgery/GA) with or without N2O and the rate of long-term cognitive changes. Global cognition and domain-specific cognitive outcomes were defined using z scores, which measure how far an observation is, in standard deviations, from the unimpaired population mean.

RESULTS:
The analysis included 1819 participants: 280 exposed to GA without N2O following enrollment and before censoring during follow-up (median [interquartile range {IQR}] follow-up of 5.4 [3.9–7.9] years); 256 exposed to GA with N2O (follow-up 5.6 [4.0–7.9] years); and 1283 not exposed to surgery/GA (follow-up 4.1 [2.5–6.4] years). The slope of the global cognitive z score was significantly more negative following exposure to surgery/GA after enrollment (change in slope of −0.062 [95% confidence interval {CI}, −0.085 to −0.039] for GA without N2O, and −0.058 [95% CI, −0.080 to −0.035] for GA with N2O, both P < .001). The change in slope following exposure to surgery/GA did not differ between those exposed to anesthesia without versus with N2O (estimated difference −0.004 [95% CI, −0.035 to 0.026], P = .783).

CONCLUSIONS:
Exposure to surgery/GA is associated with a small, but statistically significant decline in cognitive z scores. Cognitive decline did not differ between anesthetics with and without N2O. This finding provides evidence that the use of N2O in older adults does not need to be avoided because of concerns related to decline in cognition.
[Retracted] A New Heterometallic MOF in Cyanosilylation Reaction, Treatment and Care Management Value in Stroke by Reducing Oxidative Stress Damage
Authors: Chen Shu-Rong , Li Yi , Wu Bi-Yu , Xu Hui 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
By employment the heterometallic strategy, a new highly porous metal-organic framework {(Me2NH2)[Mn3K2(TZIA)3(H2O)3]·(DMF)4}n (1) was prepared via corresponding K(I)and Mn(II) salts and hetero-donor organic ligand 5-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)isophthalic acid (H3TZIA) via solvothermal conditions in water and DMF mixed solvent. X-ray study of a single crystal shows that ionic K+ was immobilized on the surface of pores via trinuclear Mn2+–tetrazole coordination motif. The resulting activated 1a has been explored in detail by BET analysis to probe its porosity. The removal of water molecules in order to generate 1a makes it possible for K+ ions to be applied as an efficient and size-selective multiphase catalyst for cyanosilylation of acetaldehyde under the mild conditions without solvent. Furthermore, ELISA assay was performed to measure IL-18 and IL-1β level in hCMEC/D3 human brain microvascular endothelial cells after compound treatment. Besides, ROS detection and RT-PCR was performed to detect ROS production as well as the related gene expression. Next, the protective effect of the compound was evaluated in animal model in vivo.
Impact of Exercise–Nutritional State Interactions in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: VERBOVEN KENNETH , WENS INEZ , VANDENABEELE FRANK , STEVENS AN , CELIE BERT , LAPAUW BRUNO , DENDALE PAUL , VAN LOON LUC J. C. , CALDERS PATRICK , HANSEN DOMINIQUE 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
This study examines the role of nutritional status during exercise training in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by investigating the effect of endurance-type exercise training in the fasted versus the fed state on clinical outcome measures, glycemic control, and skeletal muscle characteristics in male type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods
Twenty-five male patients (glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), 57 ± 3 mmol·mol−1 (7.4% ± 0.3%)) participated in a randomized 12-wk supervised endurance-type exercise intervention, with exercise being performed in an overnight-fasted state (n = 13) or after consuming breakfast (n = 12). Patients were evaluated for glycemic control, blood lipid profiles, body composition and physical fitness, and skeletal muscle gene expression.

Results
Exercise training was well tolerated without any incident of hypoglycemia. Exercise training significantly decreased whole-body fat mass (−1.6 kg) and increased high-density lipoprotein concentrations (+2 mg·dL−1), physical fitness (+1.7 mL·min−1·kg−1), and fat oxidation during exercise in both groups (P
TIME < 0.05), with no between-group differences (P
TIME × GROUP > 0.05). HbA1c concentrations significantly decreased after exercise training (P
TIME < 0.001), with a significant greater reduction after consuming breakfast (−0.30% ± 0.06%) compared with fasted state (−0.08% ± 0.06%; mean difference, 0.21%; P
TIME × GROUP = 0.016). No interaction effects were observed for skeletal muscle genes related to lipid metabolism or oxidative capacity.

Conclusions
Endurance-type exercise training in the fasted or fed state do not differ in their efficacy to reduce fat mass, increase fat oxidation capacity, and increase cardiorespiratory fitness and high-density lipoprotein concentrations or their risk of hypoglycemia in male patients with type 2 diabetes. HbA1c seems to be improved more with exercise performed in the postprandial compared with the postabsorptive state.
Effects of Exergaming on Cognition and Gait in Older Adults at Risk for Falling
Authors: OGAWA ELISA F. , HUANG HAIKUN , YU LAP-FAI , GONA PHILIMON N. , FLEMING RICHARD K. , LEVEILLE SUZANNE G. , YOU TONGJIAN 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To test whether an 8-wk exergaming (EG) program would improve cognition and gait characteristics compared with a traditional physical exercise (TPE) program in older adults at risk for falling.

Methods
A pilot quasi-experimental study was conducted in adults age ≥65 yr at risk for falls, living in senior communities. Participants enrolled (n = 35) in either exercise program offered twice weekly for 8 wk. Cognition and single-task and dual-task gait characteristics were measured before and after the 8-wk exercise intervention. For each outcome, a repeated-measures ANCOVA adjusted for age, gender, and exercise intensity (ratings of perceived exertion, RPE) was used to examine the group–time interaction.

Results
Twenty-nine participants (age, 77 ± 7 yr) completed either the EG program (n = 15) or the TPE program (n = 14). Statistically significant group–time interactions were observed in Trail Making Test Part A (P < 0.05) and single-task gait speed, stride length, swing time percentage, and double support percentage (all P < 0.05), and marginal group differences were observed in Mini-Mental State Examination (P = 0.07), all favoring the EG program. There were no statistically significant group differences in dual-task gait measurements except for swing time percentage and double support percentage, favoring the EG program.

Conclusions
An 8-wk EG program for older adults at risk for falls contributed to modest improvements in a number of cognitive measures and single-task but limited improvements in dual-task gait measures, compared with TPE. These findings support the need for larger trials to determine cognitive and mobility benefits related to EG.
Cardiovascular Testing Detects Underlying Dysfunction in Childhood Leukemia Survivors
Authors: LONG TREYA M. , LEE FELICITY , LAM KAITLYN , WALLMAN KAREN E. , WALWYN THOMAS S. , CHOONG CATHERINE S. , NAYLOR LOUISE H. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Childhood leukemia survivors commonly develop late-onset cardiovascular disease after treatment with anthracyclines. Resting echocardiogram is the standard procedure for monitoring cardiac health but this method may not be sensitive enough to detect subclinical injury. Exercise echocardiography may provide a viable alternative.

Methods
Nineteen (9 males; age, 19 ± 3 yr) anthracycline-treated survivors of childhood leukemia and 17 (8 males) healthy individuals of similar age (22 ± 2 yr) were recruited. All survivors had normal resting echocardiography upon recruitment. Exercise echocardiography was performed using contemporary imaging techniques. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD), body composition, and cardiorespiratory fitness (V˙O2peak) were assessed to determine predisposition to additional disease.

Results
Mitral valve peak flow velocity in late diastole (interaction, P = 0.007) increased from rest in survivors (P = 0.023) and controls (P = 0.020) immediately postexercise but did not recover again in the survivors (exercise-recovery, P = 0.784) after recuperation. Consequently, E/A ratio (interaction, P < 0.001) was lower in the survivors at recovery (P < 0.001). Survivors had reduced FMD (7.88 ± 1.70 vs 9.65 ± 2.83; P = 0.030), maximal and recovery HR (P = 0.001; P < 0.001), minute ventilation (P < 0.001), and V˙O2peak (absolute, 2.64 ± 0.62 vs 3.14 ± 0.74 L·min−1, P = 0.034; relative, 36.78 ± 11.49 vs 45.14 ± 6.80 mL·kg−1·min−1; P = 0.013) compared with controls. They also had higher total body fat (percentage, P = 0.034; mass, P = 0.024) and fat mass in the central (P = 0.050), peripheral (P = 0.039) and visceral (P < 0.001) regions. Survivors matched controls with regard to height (173.0 ± 7.8 cm vs 173.8 ± 9.1 cm; P = 0.796), body mass (76.16 ± 19.05 kg vs 70.07 ± 13.96 kg; P = 0.287) and body mass index (25.2 ± 5.1 vs 22.9 ± 2.7; P = 0.109).

Conclusions
Exercise echocardiography unmasked subclinical diastolic dysfunction that may indicate late anthracycline toxicity in apparently healthy survivors of childhood leukemia. Presence of secondary risk factors indicates increased predisposition to comorbidities and highlights the importance of assessing cardiovascular health during follow-up.
Daily Changes of Resting Metabolic Rate in Elite Rugby Union Players
Authors: HUDSON JAMES F. , COLE MATTHEW , MORTON JAMES P. , STEWART CLAIRE E. , CLOSE GRAEME L. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Preparation for competitive contact sport has been extensively researched. There are, however, limited data to guide players as to how the demands of their sport affect the energy requirements of recovery. We aimed to provide novel data on changes in resting metabolic rate (RMR) in contact sport athletes and relate these to the physical demands of training and competition.

Methods
Twenty-two elite professional Premiership Rugby Union players were recruited to the study. Indirect calorimetry (Vyntus CPX canopy; CareFusion) was used to measure RMR each morning of the competitive game week, in a fasted, rested state. External loads for training and game play were monitored and recorded using global positioning systems (Catapult Innovations, Australia), whereas internal loads were tracked using rate of perceived exertion scales. Collisions were reviewed and recorded by expert video analysts for contacts in general play (breakdown and tackle area) or the set piece (scrum or maul).

Results
There were significant (P = 0.005) mean increases in RMR of approximately 231 kcal the morning after (game day [GD] + 1) and 3 d after the game (GD + 3), compared with the day before the game (GD − 1). The players were exposed to internal and external loads during the training week comparable to that of a match day; however, despite the equivocal loads between training and game play, there were no significant increases in RMR after training.

Conclusion
The collisions experienced in rugby match play are likely to be responsible for the significant increases in RMR at GD + 1 and GD + 3. Consequently, the measurement of RMR via indirect calorimetry may provide a novel noninvasive measure of the effects of collisions. This study provides a novel insight to the energy requirements of recovering from contact sport.
Football Increases Future Risk of Symptomatic Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: LO GRACE H. , MCALINDON TIMOTHY E. , KRISKA ANDREA M. , PRICE LORI LYN , ROCKETTE-WAGNER BONNY J. , MANDL LISA A. , EATON CHARLES B. , HOCHBERG MARC C. , JACKSON REBECCA D. , KWOH C. KENT , NEVITT MICHAEL C. , DRIBAN JEFFREY B. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Male youth in the United States commonly participate in gridiron (American) football. There are little data substantiating current popular opinion that it is associated with knee pain or osteoarthritis (OA) later in life. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of football with these outcomes in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI).

Methods
This is a study of male OAI participants with knee x-ray readings, symptom assessments, and completed surveys on lifetime physical activity. The OAI is a multicenter, observational cohort recruited from the community not based on football participation status. A history of exposure to American football was ascertained via self-report. Knee radiographs were scored for Kellgren–Lawrence grade (0–4). Radiographic OA (ROA) was defined as Kellgren–Lawrence ≥ 2 in at least one knee. Frequent knee pain meant at least one knee with frequent knee pain. Symptomatic ROA required at least one knee with both ROA and frequent knee pain.

Results
A total of 1166 men had a mean age of 63.7 (SD, 9.2) yr and body mass index of 28.6 (SD, 4.2) kg·m−2. Thirty-one percent (365/1166) played football at some point in their lives, 95% of whom participated from ages 12 to 18 yr. The ORs for symptomatic ROA from the lowest to highest football participation were 1.2, 1.5, and 2.2, respectively (P for trend = 0.004). Findings were similar for football from ages 12 to 18 yr and for outcomes of knee pain and ROA.

Conclusion
This is the first large epidemiologic study to suggest that football participation, including in the teen years, may be detrimental toward knee health. Prospective studies evaluating football players are warranted.
Midsole Properties Affect the Amplitude of Soft Tissue Vibrations in Heel–Toe Runners
Authors: GIANDOLINI MARLENE , ROMAIN JEAN-PHILIPPE , HORVAIS NICOLAS , NIGG BENNO M. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Soft tissue vibrations can generate discomfort and may necessitate a greater energy demand to preserve an efficient motion in running. Vibration damping is thus of interest from a comfort and performance standpoint. Our purpose was to assess whether changes in midsole material affect the properties of (a) soft tissue vibrations and (b) myoelectric activity.

Methods
Two midsole conditions were compared. The control condition corresponded to a full ethylene-vinyl acetate foam midsole. The experimental condition was a bimaterial midsole with a material combination of viscous and viscoelastic materials. Twelve participants ran on an indoor track in both conditions while recording the longitudinal acceleration and the EMG activity of vastus medialis (VM) and gastrocnemius medialis (GM). Wavelet transforms were performed for EMG and acceleration signals to assess the intensity of the muscle activity at low and high frequencies (37–128 and 170–395 Hz, respectively) and to calculate the damping coefficient (D) for soft tissue vibrations. The soft tissue vibrations were also characterized by the peak of acceleration (a
peak), the frequency of the power peak (f
peak), and the power of the soft tissue vibrations (PSD[8–55]).

Results
The variables a
peak and PSD[8–55] decreased for VM and GM in the viscous condition. Before heel strike, low-frequency EMG activity decreased for VM, and high-frequency EMG activity tended to decrease for GM in the viscous condition. The damping D was reduced only for VM, and f
peak was unchanged.

Conclusions
A more viscous midsole substantially reduced the amplitude of soft tissue vibrations, but not their frequency. Looking at individual results, it was noted that muscle activity was tuned in response to the acceleration input, and that the damping of soft tissue vibrations was affected by the intensity of muscle activity.
The Growing Challenge of Advanced Liver Disease Due to Alcohol Use in the United States
Authors: Gallegos-Orozco Juan F. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Through detailed analyses of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, and the United Network for Organ Sharing registry, the authors provide a view of the epidemiology of the spectrum of alcohol liver disease (ALD) in the United States. Although the prevalence of ALD among the general population has been relatively stable at 8%, over the last decade, there has been an increase in ALD with advanced fibrosis, including increased hospitalizations for liver cirrhosis and its complications, and an increase in ALD as a cause for liver transplant listing, as well as a greater proportion of liver cancer cases associated with ALD.
Análisis Comparativo del Rendimiento de los Módulos Fotovoltaicos Monocristalino y Policristalino bajo Condiciones Climáticas de Fusagasugá
Authors: García Vera Yimy Edisson , Sanabria Pérez Lina Fernanda , Cruz Pardo Luz Angela , Montufar Benavides Carlos Humberto 
Published: October 2019

Contexto: Para satisfacer la demanda de energía mundial, la energía solar fotovoltaica ha emergido como una energía renovable, sostenible y amigable con el medio ambiente, usada como alternativa para mitigar el cambio climático causado por uso de energías provenientes de los combustibles fósiles; pensando en ello, es muy importante estudiar el comportamiento de los módulos fotovoltaicos en condiciones reales de funcionamiento.
Método: Se implementan dos sistemas fotovoltaicos autónomos similares, uno con módulo policristalino y otro monocristalino, cada uno con sistema de adquisición de datos de temperatura, humedad, voltaje y corriente, los cuales son adquiridos de forma sincronizada por un periodo de tres meses bajo condiciones climáticas locales de Fusagasugá.
Resultados: Los datos de temperatura, humedad, irradiancia, voltaje y corriente se utilizan para obtener curvas que muestran el rendimiento energético de los módulos policristalinos y monocristalinos.
Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio pueden ayudar a predecir el comportamiento de salida de un sistema fotovoltaico, principalmente cuando las condiciones clim´aticas como humedad, temperatura y radiación cambian. Se evidencia un mejor desempeño del módulo monocristalino que el policristalino.
Determinación de las Ponderaciones de los Criterios de Sustentabilidad Hidroeléctrica mediante la Combinación de los Métodos AHP y GP Extendida
Authors: Gómez Romero José Andrés , Soto Flores Rocío , Garduño Román Susana 
Published: October 2019

Contexto: La hidroelectricidad es una tecnología madura y de larga duración, pero ha presentado problemas ambientales y sociales, para hacerle frente a estos problemas se crearon iniciativas de sustentabilidad hidroeléctrica desde hace más de dos décadas. En México los proyectos hidroeléctricos presentan problemas ambientales y sociales que ocasionan retrasos en su construcción o retrasos en su entrada a operación. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las ponderaciones de los criterios de sustentabilidad hidroeléctrica mediante métodos multicriterio de toma de decisiones a un grupo de expertos.
Método: Mediante la combinación de los métodos multicriterio Analítico Jerárquico del Proceso y la Programación por Metas se obtuvo la opinión de un grupo de expertos en la planeación de proyectos hidroeléctricos.
Resultados: Una vez aplicada la combinación de los métodos AHP-GP se ponderaron las perspectivas de sustentabilidad hidroeléctrica con lo que se encontró que la solución más cercana a la opinión de todos los grupos fue la emitida por el grupo de expertos en gobernanza.
Conclusiones: Los resultados indican que al cuestionar a un grupo heterogéneo de expertos se observó que se presentaron acuerdos significativos entre los grupos, lo cual llamó la atención por tratarse de grupos de expertos con especialidades diferentes.
A SITUAÇÃO JURÍDICA DOS REFUGIADOS NO BRASIL
Authors: Torres da Cruz Andreia , Cavaliere Tavares Felipe 
Published: October 2019

O presente estudo trata acerca da situação jurídica do refugiado no Brasil, partindo do conceito de refúgio e sua evolução histórica, explorando a legislação internacional, especialmente o Estatuto do Refugiado (Convenção de Genebra de 1951) e o Protocolo de 1967 e discorrendo sobre a representatividade e influência das leis internacionais na edição das normas brasileiras, tais como o Estatuto Jurídico do Refugiado (Lei nº 9474/1997) e a nova Lei de Migração, de nº 13445/2017. A pesquisa versa, ainda, acerca da efetiva aplicação das leis em atenção aos princípios fundamentais dos direitos humanos em relação aos indivíduos que buscaram refúgio em nosso país e finaliza com as ações implementadas pelos setores públicos e pela sociedade civil em união com empresas privadas e organizações não governamentais a fim de promover a integração social dessas pessoas enquanto no território nacional.