bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Narrativas de mujeres quebram Coco Babaçu em el sudeste de Pará
Authors: Guevara Maria de los Angeles Arias , Tamanini Marlenis 
Published: July 2020

Este artículo analiza narrativas que revelan y resignifican la experiencia de mujeres que quebran Coco Babaçu en sudeste de Pará, mostrando que su agencia como sujetos políticos es construida en un contexto de conflictos socioambientales y en defensa de su territorio simbólico
PALABRAS CLAVES: Narrativas. Experiencia. Agencia. Conflictos Sócio- ambientales. Territorio Simbólico.
Occurrence and clinical characteristics of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD): A cluster analysis in two independent community samples
Authors: Castro-Calvo J. , Gil-Llario M. D. , Giménez-García C. , Gil-Juliá B. , Ballester-Arnal R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsCompulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD) is characterized by a persistent failure to control intense and recurrent sexual impulses, urges, and/or thoughts, resulting in repetitive sexual behavior that causes a marked impairment in important areas of functioning. Despite its recent inclusion in the forthcoming ICD-11, concerns regarding its assessment, diagnosis, prevalence or clinical characteristics remain. The purpose of this study was to identify participants displaying CSBD through a novel data-driven approach in two independent samples and outline their sociodemographic, sexual, and clinical profile.MethodsSample 1 included 1,581 university students (females = 56.9%; Mage = 20.58) whereas sample 2 comprised 1,318 community members (females = 43.6%; Mage = 32.37). First, we developed a new composite index to assess the whole range of CSBD symptoms based on three previously validated scales. Based on this new composite index, we subsequently identified individuals with CSBD through a cluster analytic approach.ResultsThe estimated occurrence of CSBD was 10.12% in sample 1 and 7.81% in sample 2. Participants with CSBD were mostly heterosexual males, younger than respondents without CSBD, reported higher levels of sexual sensation seeking and erotophilia, an increased offline and especially online sexual activity, more depressive and anxious symptoms, and poorer self-esteem.ConclusionsThis research provides further evidence on the occurrence of CSBD based on an alternative data-driven approach, as well as a detailed and nuanced description of the sociodemographic, sexual, and clinical profile of adults with this condition. Clinical implications derived from these findings are discussed in detail.
Morbid exercise behaviour and eating disorders: A meta-analysis
Authors: Alcaraz-Ibáñez Manuel , Paterna Adrian , Sicilia Álvaro , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsThis study examined the relationship between self-reported symptoms of morbid exercise behaviour (MEB) and eating disorders (ED) using meta-analytic techniques.MethodsWe systematically searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, SciELO and Scopus. Random effects models were used to compute pooled effect sizes estimates (r). The robustness of the summarized estimates was examined through sensitivity analyses by removing studies one at a time.ResultsSixty-six studies comprising 135 effect-sizes (N = 21,816) were included. The results revealed: (a) small-sized relationship in the case of bulimic symptoms (r = 0.19), (b) small- (r = 0.28) to medium-sized relationships (r = 0.41) in the case of body/eating concerns, and (c) medium-sized relationships in the case of overall ED symptoms (r = 0.35) and dietary restraint (r = 0.42). Larger effect sizes were observed in the case of overall ED symptoms in clinical, younger, and thinner populations, as well as when employing a continuously-scored instrument for assessing ED or the Compulsive Exercise Test for assessing MEB. Larger effect sizes were also found in female samples when the ED outcome was dietary restraint.ConclusionsThe identified gaps in the literature suggest that future research on the topic may benefit from: (a) considering a range of clinical (in terms of diagnosed ED) and non-clinical populations from diverse exercise modalities, (b) addressing a wide range of ED symptomatology, and (c) employing longitudinal designs that clarify the temporal direction of the relationship under consideration.
The influence of chronological age on cognitive biases and impulsivity levels in male patients with gambling disorder
Authors: Granero Roser , Fernández-Aranda Fernando , Valero-Solís Susana , Pino-Gutiérrez Amparo del , Mestre-Bach Gemma , Baenas Isabel , Contaldo S. Fabrizio , Gómez-Peña Mónica , Aymamí Neus , Moragas Laura , Vintró Cristina , Mena-Moreno Teresa , Valenciano-Mendoza Eduardo , Mora-Maltas Bernat , Menchón José M. , Jiménez-Murcia Susana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsDue to the contribution of age to the etiology of gambling disorder (GD), there is a need to assess the moderator effect of the aging process with other features that are highly related with the clinical profile. The objective of this study is to examine the role of the chronological age into the relationships between cognitive biases, impulsivity levels and gambling preference with the GD profile during adulthood.MethodsSample included n = 209 patients aged 18–77 years-old recruited from a Pathological Gambling Outpatients Unit. Orthogonal contrasts explored polynomial patterns in data, and path analysis implemented through structural equation modeling assessed the underlying mechanisms between the study variables.ResultsCompared to middle-age patients, younger and older age groups reported more impairing irrational beliefs (P = 0.005 for interpretative control and P = 0.043 for interpretative bias). A linear trend showed that as people get older sensation seeking (P = 0.006) and inability to stop gambling (P = 0.018) increase. Path analysis showed a direct effect between the cognitive bias and measures of gambling severity (standardized effects [SE] between 0.12 and 0.17) and a direct effect between impulsivity levels and cumulated debts due to gambling (SE = 0.22).ConclusionScreening tools and intervention plans should consider the aging process. Specific programs should be developed for younger and older age groups, since these are highly vulnerable to the consequences of gambling activities and impairment levels of impulsivity and cognitive biases.
Hands-off: Study protocol of a two-armed randomized controlled trial of a web-based self-help tool to reduce problematic pornography use
Authors: Bőthe Beáta , Baumgartner Christian , Schaub Michael P. , Demetrovics Zsolt , Orosz Gábor 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsThe past-year prevalence of problematic pornography use (PPU) was 1–6% in adult populations. As a result of treatment obstacles and barriers, such as unaffordable treatments, only a minority of problematic pornography users may seek treatment. Having a free, online, self-help program may overcome treatment barriers and may help those individuals who cannot receive traditional or offline treatment for PPU. Although the effectiveness of such online programs reducing substance use and problematic gambling have been reported, no prior study has examined the efficacy of an online self-help intervention aiming to reduce PPU.MethodsThis two-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) will examine the effectiveness of an online self-help program (Hands-off) to reduce PPU, while also considering psychopathological comorbidities. The six-week intervention condition includes six core modules developed to reduce PPU based on motivational interviewing, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and wise social-psychological intervention techniques. The target sample size is 242 participants. Self-report questionnaires will be administered at baseline, right after the end of the intervention, at one-month, and three-month follow-ups after the end of the intervention. The primary outcome will be the level of PPU. Secondary outcomes will include pornography use frequency, pornography craving, pornography use-avoidance self-efficacy, sex mindset, sexual satisfaction, negative and positive emotions, and life satisfaction. Data will be analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis using linear mixed models.ResultsResults will be reported at conferences and published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal. The participants will be sent a lay-person-friendly summary of the results via e-mail.
Validation of a Brief Pornography Screen across multiple samples
Authors: Kraus Shane W. , Gola Mateusz , Grubbs Joshua B. , Kowalewska Ewelina , Hoff Rani A. , Lew-Starowicz Michał , Martino Steve , Shirk Steven D. , Potenza Marc N. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsTo address current gaps around screening for problematic pornography use (PPU), we initially developed and tested a six-item Brief Pornography Screen (BPS) that asked about PPU in the past six months.Methods and ParticipantsWe recruited five independent samples from the U.S. and Poland to evaluate the psychometric properties of the BPS. In Study 1, we evaluated the factor structure, reliability, and elements of validity using a sample of 224 U.S. veterans. One item from the BPS was dropped in Study 1 due to low item endorsement. In Studies 2 and 3, we further investigated the five-item the factor structure of the BPS and evaluated its reliability and validity in two national U.S. representative samples (N = 1,466, N = 1,063, respectively). In Study 4, we confirmed the factor structure and evaluated its validity and reliability using a sample of 703 Polish adults. In Study 5, we calculated the suggested cut-off score for the screen using a sample of 105 male patients seeking treatment for compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD).ResultsFindings from a principal components analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported a one-factor solution which yielded high internal consistency (α = 0.89–0.90), and analyses further supported elements of construct, convergent, criterion, and discriminant validity of the newly developed screen. Results from a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve suggested a cut-off score of four or higher for detecting possible PPU.ConclusionsThe BPS appears to be psychometrically sound, short, and easy to use in various settings with high potential for use in populations across international jurisdictions.
ENFRENTAMENTO A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 POR PARTE DOS GESTORES DE INSTITUIÇÕES DE LONGA PERMANÊNCIA PARA IDOSOS NA AMÉRICA LATINA
Authors: Wachholz Patrick Alexander , Jacinto Alessandro Ferrari , Melo Ruth Caldeira de , Dinamarca-Montecinos José Luis , Villas Boas Paulo José Fortes 
Published: July 2020

Introdução: Pouco se sabe sobre o enfrentamento e mitigação à COVID-19 em serviços de longa permanência para idosos (ILPIs) na América Latina (AL).
Objetivos: Descrever como os gestores de ILPIs na AL planejaram e adequaram suas rotinas de enfrentamento à pandemia de COVID-19, e se foram capazes de cumprir com as recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde(OMS).
Metodologia: Estudo transversal, baseado na aplicação de uma pesquisa online dirigida aos gestores de ILPIs na AL. Um questionário de 46 questões (adotando os princípios da OMS) foi enviado aos participantes. Estatística descritiva foi usada para resumir os dados.
Resultados: 23 gestores responderam a pesquisa (excluídos os respondentes brasileiros), totalizando 874 idosos (5 –270); um questionário foi excluído por falta de respostas. Quatorze ILPIs (63,60%) eram privadas com fins lucrativos. A taxa de adesão às recomendações da OMS foi superior a 70% para a maioria das questões. Pouco mais da metade das instituições elaborou um plano estratégico de enfrentamento, ou identificou estratégias para lidar com óbitos de casos suspeitos. Dificuldade para a aquisição de equipamentos de proteção individual foram relatados por 59,10% das ILPIs investigadas. A capacidade de testagem para o SARS-Cov-2 foi reduzida (36,36% não dispunham de nenhum teste).
Conclusões: A taxa de adesão às recomendações propostas pela OMS para o enfrentamento da COVID-19 foi superior a 70% para a maioria das ILPIs investigadas. Planos estratégicos de enfrentamento foram elaborados em pouco mais da metade das instituições. A disponibilidade de EPIs e a capacidade de testagem para o SARS-Cov-2 mostrou-se bastante insatisfatória.
English Language Learning Strategies Adopted by Bachelor Level Students (A Case Study of Nepal)
Authors: Adhikary Ramesh Prasad 
Published: July 2020

This research paper is an attempt to find out the difficulties faced by the students of bachelor level in Nepal in learning English language at class. In order to achieve these objectives, two research tools – questionnaire for students and class observation form were prepared. Two colleges of Banke district, Nepalgunj were selected for the collection of data. Twenty-five students were selected from each college. Questionnaires were distributed to the selected students and also classes were observed focusing on the strategies and difficulties of language learning. A very divergent situation was found in the strategies of language learning. It was varied from students to students. It was found out that the maximum use of memory strategy; they were using other strategies too. It was found that students were facing with different problems in language learning.
Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in the Field of Virtual and Augmented Reality
Authors: Bogdanova E. E. 
Published: July 2020

In the paper, the author notes that the development of modern technologies, including artificial intelligence, unmanned transport, robotics, portable and embedded digital devices, already has a great impact on the daily life of a person and can fundamentally change the existing social order in the near future.Virtual reality as a technology was born in the cross-section of research in the field of three-dimensional computer graphics and human-machine interaction. The spectrum of mixed reality includes the real world itself, the one that is before our eyes, the world of augmented reality — an improved reality that results from the introduction of sensory data into the field of perception in order to supplement information about the surrounding world and improve the perception of information; the world of virtual reality, which is created using technologies that provide full immersion in the environment. In some studies, augmented virtuality is also included in the spectrum, which implies the addition of virtual reality with elements of the real world (combining the virtual and real world).The paper substantiates the conclusion that in the near future both the legislator and judicial practice will have to find a balance between the interests of the creators of virtual worlds and virtual artists exclusive control over their virtual works, on the one hand, and society in using these virtual works and their development, on the other hand. It is necessary to allow users to participate, interact and create new forms of creative expression in the virtual environment.The author concludes that a broader interpretation of the fair use doctrine should be applied in this area, especially for those virtual worlds and virtual objects that imitate the real world and reality. However, it is necessary to distinguish between cases where the protection of such objects justifies licensing and those where it is advisable to encourage unrestricted use of the results for the further development of new technologies.
Law Making in the Conditions of Algorithmization of Law
Authors: Zenin S. S. , Kuteynikov D. L. , Izhaev O. A. , Yapryntsev I. M. 
Published: July 2020

The paper is devoted to the study of law and computer algorithms as tools regulating social and technical processes. The purpose of this work is to study the possibilities of using computer code to regulate public relations, as well as the impact of this process on traditional legislative procedures.The paper puts forward the thesis that computer code regulating technical processes can be used to a certain extent in the legal sphere of activity. To use computer code in law making, it is necessary to define the scope of legal regulation, develop an appropriate programming language and adopt a system of internal and external code audit measures that will ensure transparency, legality of the code and, as a result, public confidence in the adopted normative legal acts.One example is smart contracts used in certain areas. The authors have studied various approaches to the definition of the term "smart contract" and formulated an integrative definition of this concept. When using a smart contract in the legal sphere, this term should be understood as a legally binding contract drawn up in the form of computer code and supported by appropriate legal remedies.In this paper, the authors investigate the possible consequences of using computer code in law making and propose a number of additional measures (requirements) to the procedure for adopting regulatory legal acts. The authors summarize that law is to a certain extent an algorithm, which means that the same methods can be used to regulate public relations that are used in the technical sphere to fix the sequence of various operations.
Assessment of the Digital Economy Development on the Example of the European Union
Authors: Didenko N. I. , Skripnuk D. F. , Kobylinsky V. V. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose: the study methodological approaches to assessing the level of development of the digital economy and develop recommendations for improving digitalization development management processes.Methods: the research methodology is based on the use of elements of various types of analysis, statistical methods and macroeconomic modeling methods. The empirical base is represented by a set of thematic materials, including statistical data from European Union countries.Results: the study presents various interpretations of the content of the concept of "digital economy", indicating its content in accordance with the evolutionary development of society and the progress of scientific and technological progress. Approaches to measuring the level of development of the digitalization of the economy on a global scale are considered. The absence of the universally recognized universal indicators and methods recognized in this field has been revealed. An analysis of the development of the digital economy in the countries of the European Union using the Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) is carried out. A model has been developed that allows the grouping of EU countries taking into account the level of development of the digital economy and the characteristic features for each selected group of countries, which will increase the efficiency of managerial decisions in the direction of the development of CEs in specific conditions.Conclusions and Relevance: the differentiation in the level of development of the countries of the European Union determines the presence of significant differences in strategic priorities in the implementation of the digitalization of the economy. The main direction of digitalization of the economy should be considered industrial production. A new production paradigm is the formation of intelligent production based on the introduction of digital production and digital information technologies in the main stages of the product life cycle. Sociocyberphysical systems capable of solving key problems, both in the digitalization of production systems and becoming the locomotives of the growth of the new economy, are being formed in this context. They have the ability to interact with both the environment and the social sphere through the creation of new jobs. The developed model is focused on taking into account the specific features of the development of a country (group of countries), allows you to identify key problems in the development of the digital economy and timely take the necessary measures to solve them.
IMPROVING THE DELIVERY OF SPECIAL EDUCATION SERVICES: EXAMINING COMMUNICATION AMONG TEACHERS, PARA-EDUCATORS, AND AN EDUCATIONAL COOPERATIVE
Authors: Freeman Eric , Obeidat Bilal Fayiz , Martin Pamela , Sinclair Jennifer 
Published: July 2020

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study is to explore communication between participating school districts and the Cooperative with regard to the allocation of para-educators in general education classrooms.
Methodology: The study employed a comparative qualitative design. Since the goal of our research is to understand the communication channels and patterns between the Cooperative, general education teachers, and para-educators, we conducted focus group discussions with para-educators, the K-5 general education teachers who work in general education classrooms and the special education teachers.
Main Findings: The cooperative, special education teachers, general education teachers, and para-educators often operated in isolation of one another. Teachers and para-educators work together in the same classrooms but had a clear idea about who was providing the training and information needed to meet the needs of students in special education.
Applications of the study: Frequent communication and enhanced opportunities for planning and training would improve the efficiency and effectiveness of general and special education teachers along with para-educators.
Novelty: The study addressed ways to improve communication between participating school districts and the Cooperative with regard to the allocation of para-educators in general education classrooms. This would provide information about necessary training future para-educators need and expectations for engagement with students.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Membaca Cepat Siswa Kelas VI Melalui Penerapan Pembelajaran Kontekstual Eleven Authentic Assessment di SDN Pakamban Laok Kecamatan Pragaan
Authors: Ahmad Nursobah Leli Lestari 
Published: July 2020

Abstrak Kecepatan dan pemahaman dalam membaca sebuah teks masih sangat kurang maksimal dibandingkan dengan sekolah yang lain. Kecepatan membaca siswa Kelas VI SDN Pakamban Laok Kecamatan Pragaan masih dalam tingkat lambat, yaitu berkisar antara 90-170 kata per menit. Demikian pula dengan pemahaman bacaan hanya mampu memahami sebesar 60%. Selain itu. Berdasrkan rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini ádalah (1) Bagaimanakah peningkatan kemampuan membaca cepat siswa Kelas VI SDN Pakamban Laok Kecamatan Pragaan dengan menerapkan pembelajaran kontekstual elemen authentic assessment ? (2) Bagaimanakah perubahan perilaku siswa Kelas VI dengan diadakan membaca cepat dengan pembelajaran kontekstual elemen authentic assessment ? Sedangkan Tujuan yang diharapkan dapat tercapai dalam penelitian ini adalah (a) Mendeskripsikan peningkatan kemampuan membaca cepat siswa Kelas VI setelah menerapkan pembelajaran kontekstual elemen authentic assessment. (b) Mendeskripsikan perubahan perilaku siswa Kelas VI setelah diadakan membaca cepat dengan pembelajaran kontekstual elemen authentic assessment. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Rancangan penelitian disusun dalam satuan siklus secara berdaur, yang meliputi (1) perencanaan, mendeskripsikan strategi pembelajaran yang dikembangkan untuk memecahkan masalah yang telah ditetapkan, dengan strategi pembelajaran mulai dari awal sampai akhir, (2) pelaksanaan, dalam hal ini memuat penjelasan rencana strategi pembelajaran yang disusun, (3) observasi, merupakan instrumen pengumpul data dan cara menggunakannya, dan (4) perefleksian, kegiatan perefleksian dilakukan setiap akhir siklus yang kemudian dijadikan dasar penentuan tindakan suatu siklus berikutnya. Tahap pelaksanaan dilaksanakan secara kolaboratif antara peneliti dan guru kelas. Berdasarkan analisa pada siklus I para siswa mencapai rata-rata 73,08 %, termasuk kategori baik, sedangkan pada siklus II mencapai rata-rata 82,05 %. Dalam aspek pemahaman para siswa mengalami kenaikan sebesar 8,97(12,27%). Kata Kunci : Membaca cepat, Kontekstual, EAA