bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal changes in the distinct scattered wave packets associated with earthquake swarm activity beneath the Moriyoshi-zan volcano, northeastern Japan
Authors: Amezawa Yuta , Kosuga Masahiro , Maeda Takuto 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe investigated temporal changes in the waveforms of S-coda from triggered earthquakes around the Moriyoshi-zan volcano in northeastern Japan. Seismicity in the area has drastically increased after the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake, forming the largest cluster to the north of the volcano. We analyzed distinct scattered wave packets (DSW) that are S-to-S scattered waves from the mid-crust and appeared predominantly at the high frequency range. We first investigated the variation of DSW for event groups with short inter-event distances and high cross-correlation coefficients (CC) in the time window of direct waves. Despite the above restriction, DSW showed temporal changes in their amplitudes and shapes. The change occurred gradually in some cases, but temporal trends were much more complicated in many cases. We also found that the shape of DSW changed in a very short period of time, for example, within ~ 12 h. Next, we estimated the location of the origin of the DSW (DSW origin) by applying the semblance analysis to the data of the temporary small-aperture array deployed to the north of the largest cluster of triggered events. The DSW origin is located between the largest cluster within which hypocentral migration had occurred and the low-velocity zone depicted by a tomographic study. This spatial distribution implies that the DSW origin was composed of geofluid-accumulated midway in the upward fluid movement from the low-velocity zone to the earthquake cluster. Though we could not entirely exclude the possibility of the effect of the event location and focal mechanisms, the temporal changes in DSW waveforms possibly reflect the temporal changes in scattering properties in and/or near the origin. The quick change in DSW waveforms implies that fast movement of geofluid can occur at the depth of the mid-crust.
Analysis of whole genome-wide microRNA transcriptome profiling in invasive pituitary adenomas and non-invasive pituitary adenomas
Authors: Zhang Chao , Qian Yuan , Qiao Yisheng , Li Yao , Wang Wei , Li Junjun , Deng Xingli 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays a critical role during the occurrence and progress of pituitary adenomas (PAs). However, the roles of miRNAs in the invasiveness of PA are poorly understood. This study aims to more comprehensively and specific define the relationship between altered miRNA and PA invasion.

Methods
The differential expression of miRNAs (DEMs) between invasive PAs (IPAs) and non-invasive PAs (NPAs) was explored by RNA sequencing and which functions were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) as well as Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The miRNA-mRNA network was predicted with bioinformatics.

Results
We identified 31 upregulated miRNAs and 24 downregulated miRNAs in IPAs compared with NPAs. GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis showed the DEMs were mainly associated with cell proliferation and cell cycle pathway. In addition, on the count of predicted miRNA-mRNA network, two hub miRNAs were identified.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate the miRNA-mRNA network in detail, which suggest that miRNA may be a promising target in diagnosis and therapy for IPAs.
The Researcher as a National Security Threat
Authors: Bajoghli Narges 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBased on ethnographic research in Iran among the country's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) and its Basij militia, this article explores the process of gaining access to these militarized groups in order to conduct long-term research. Specifically, what does it mean to build rapport and gain trust within a highly securitized space such as this? What happens when the researcher is a potential “national security” threat in both Iran and the United States? How is national security enacted in everyday interactions in the field? Given that anthropologists have tended to have an affinity with the group and community they work with, this article explores the implications of research among a group of men in charge of surveillance, intelligence gathering, and citizen suppression in the country. The article argues that in the midst of national security rhetoric, interrogative surveillance is a strategic tool that makes space for engagement.
Correspondence, Constructivism, and Representation
Authors: Quadri Junaid 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTaking the complexity and diversity of Islamic law (fiqh) as a point of departure, this article examines a series of positions advanced by Muslim jurists on the relationship between law and astronomy. Focusing primarily on the question of the appropriateness of relying on astronomical calculations to determine the months of the hijri calendar, it considers three epistemological stances modeled by these positions: correspondence, constructivism, and representation. Taken together, these interventions constitute a minoritarian strain within the fiqh literature that exploited the practices, structures, and methods of reasoning of the Hanafi and Shafi‘i legal schools (madhhabs) to argue in favor of the employment of astronomical calculations for ritual purposes. Though these were anomalous positions at variance from the dominant evidentiary regime that privileged perception over calculation, the view from the margins they afford provide a helpful window onto the nature of legal reasoning in Sunni Islam, revealing the importance of not only proximate social triggers to change, but also the relevance of more enduring features of madhhab reasoning—the school's role as a historical repository of jurists' opinions, the propensity to recruit the authority and argumentation of preceding departures, and the expectation to proceed with the majority regime in mind.
The Criminal and the Corrupt
Authors: Pierce Steven 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The commentaries in this Kitabkhana on Milan Vaishnav's When Crime Pays and Steven Pierce's Moral Economies of Corruption provide ample food for thought about the social-scientific study of crime and corruption. All agree on the importance of focusing on actual practice and not forcing non-Western societies into Eurocentric heuristics. They also pose urgent questions about what might constitute grounded theories of governance and productive avenues for pushing for reform and change.
Primary reverse shoulder arthroplasty in patients older than 80 years of age
Authors: Clark Nicholas J. , Samuelsen Brian T. , Alentorn-Geli Eduard , Assenmacher Andrew T. , Cofield Robert H. , Sperling John W. , Sánchez-Sotelo Joaquín 
Published: December 2019

Aims Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) reliably improves shoulder pain and function for a variety of indications. However, the safety and efficacy of RSA in elderly patients is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to report the mortality, morbidity, complications, reoperations, and outcomes of primary RSA in patients aged > 80 years. Patients and Methods Between 2004 and 2013, 242 consecutive primary RSAs were performed in patients aged > 80 years (mean 83.3 years (sd 3.1)). Of these, 53 were lost to follow-up before two years and ten had died within two years of surgery, leaving 179 for analysis of survivorship, pain, motion, and strength at a minimum of two years or until revision surgery. All 242 patients were considered for the analysis of 90-day, one-year, and overall mortality, medical complications (90-day and overall), surgical complications, and reoperations. The indications for surgery included rotator cuff arthropathy, osteoarthritis, fracture, the sequela of trauma, avascular necrosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. A retrospective review of the medical records was performed to collect all variables. Survivorship free of revision surgery was calculated at two and five years. Results One patient (0.4%) died within the first 90 days. A total of 45 patients (19%) were known to have died at the time of the final follow-up, with a median time to death of 67.7 months (interquartile range 40.4 to 94.7) postoperatively. Medical complications occurred in six patients (3%) and surgical complications occurred in 21/179 patients (12%). Survivorship free from revision was 98.9% at two years and 98.3% at five years; survivorship free from loosening was 99.5% at final follow-up. The presence of peripheral vascular disease correlated with a higher complication rate. Conclusion Primary RSA was safe and effective in patients aged > 80 years, with a relatively low rate of medical and surgical complications. Thus, age alone should not be a contraindication to primary RSA in patients aged > 80 years. However, a careful evaluation of comorbidities is required in this age group when considering primary RSA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1520–1525
Lumbar disc herniation surgery in adolescents and young adults
Authors: Lagerbäck Tobias , Möller Hans , Gerdhem Paul 
Published: December 2019

Aims The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk of additional surgery in the lumbar spine and to describe long-term changes in patient-reported outcomes after surgery for lumbar disc herniation in adolescents and young adults. Patients and Methods We conducted a retrospective study design on prospectively collected data from a national quality register. The 4537 patients were divided into two groups: adolescents (≤ 18 years old, n = 151) and young adults (19 to 39 years old, n = 4386). The risk of additional lumbar spine surgery was surveyed for a mean of 11.4 years (6.0 to 19.3) in all 4537 patients. Long-term patient-reported outcomes were available at a mean of 7.2 years (5.0 to 10.0) in up to 2716 patients and included satisfaction, global assessment for leg and back pain, Oswestry Disability Index, visual analogue scale for leg and back pain, EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ-5D), and 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Mental Component Summary and Physical Component Summary scores. Statistical analyses were performed with Cox proportional hazard regression, chi-squared test, McNemar’s test, Welch–Satterthwaite t-test, and Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test. Results Any type of additional lumbar spine surgery was seen in 796 patients (18%). Surgery for lumbar disc herniation accounted for more than half of the additional surgeries. The risk of any additional surgery was 0.9 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.6 to 1.4) and the risk of additional lumbar disc herniation surgery was 1.0 (0.6 to 1.7) in adolescents compared with the young adult group. Both age groups improved their patient-reported outcome data after surgery (all p < 0.001). Changes between short- (mean 1.9 years (1.0 to 2.0)) and long-term follow-up (mean 7.2 years (5.0 to 10.0)) were small. Conclusion The risk of any additional lumbar spine surgery and additional lumbar disc herniation surgery was similar in adolescents and young adults. All patient-reported outcomes improved from preoperative to the short-term follow-up, while no likely clinically important differences between the short- and long-term follow-up were seen within both groups. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:1534–1541
Analysis of macro and micro elemental composition of different extracts and finished products of the medicinal Herb – Terminalia bellirica
Authors: Gunasekar Conjeevaram J. , Abu-Yousef Imad A. , Narasimhan Srinivasan , Majdalawieh Amin F. 
Published: December 2019

Terminalina bellirica is considered to be a sacred plant with five distinctive tastes (sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and pungent). It stimulates the proper functioning of the digestive system, sensory organs and it is very effective in treating several medical conditions. Four types of extracts were prepared (aqueous extracts of T. bellirica fruit, alcoholic extract of T. bellirica fruit, alcoholic extract of seed oil from T. bellirica nuts, and alcoholic extract of T. bellirica seed kernel). The elemental composition of T. bellirica was determined by ICP-OES. Macro elements like Ca (calcium), Na (sodium), and K (potassium) were found to be abundant in the studies samples. The quantity of Ca, Na, and K in the aqueous extracts of T. bellirica fruit, finished products of T. bellirica, alcoholic extract of T. bellirica fruit, alcoholic extract of seed oil from T. bellirica nuts, and alcoholic extract of T. bellirica seed kernel was found to be (723.51-787.39, 347.80-478.90, 50.72, 120, and 300 mg/kg), (603.45-636.79, 241.76-370.00, 9.58, 180, and 200 mg/kg), and (151.23-165.73, 132.70-154.40, 4.26, 200, and 1,150 mg/kg), respectively. An Na/K ratio < 1.0 could prevent high blood pressure. The Na/K ratio in the alcoholic extract of T. bellirica fruit was found to be 0.51. Similarly, a Ca/P ratio > 1.0 is biologically relevant as a Ca/P ratio < 0.5 correlates with several health problems. The Ca/P ratio in the alcoholic extract of T. bellirica fruit was found to be 6.68. Hence, the measured Na/K and Ca/P ratios are in agreement with the recommended ratios. Our study supports the claims that T. bellirica extracts and finished products are of considerable therapeutic value for the prevention and/or treatment of various medical conditions. Moreover, the findings of our study will be helpful to ensure the quality and verify purification of natural products in different ayurvedic formulations.
Strategies to Foster Inclusion Through Sports: A Scoping Review
Authors: Grandisson Marie , Marcotte Justine , Niquette Béatrice , Milot Élise 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article presents the results of a scoping review on strategies that foster social inclusion of individuals with intellectual disability through sports. Five promising strategies were identified in 14 articles: 1) develop Unified Sports, 2) develop peer-support programs, 3) facilitate participation as an athlete in mainstream activities, 4) facilitate participation as a fan in mainstream activities, and 5) conduct activities to raise awareness. Their outcomes and key considerations for implementation are presented. Then, a model of social inclusion through participation in sports and physical activities is proposed as a mean to provide guidelines on how to provide a range of meaningful opportunities for sports participation in context(s) that are as inclusive as possible with enabling supports provided as needed.
“They Didn’t Even Realize Canada Was a Different Country”
Authors: Klein Candice 
Published: December 2019

From 1 to 6 April 1971, over 600 women gathered to attend the Vancouver Indochinese Women’s Conference (viwc), an international women’s antiwar conference organized by women’s liberationists in Vancouver. The conference was intended to bring women together under the banner of an international sisterhood, but this desired goal did not happen. Instead, tensions between American and Canadian women divided conference organizers and attendees, culminating in verbal and physical conflict. The viwc is useful for examining how Canadian women experienced interactions with American feminists and radical activists in attendance at the conference. Several women viewed the actions of American delegates as imperialistic. The experiences of conference organizers and attendees show how the viwc represents a moment in women’s liberation where the limits to international feminism were particularly visible.

Du 1er au 6 avril 1971, plus de 600 femmes se sont réunies pour assister à la Conférence des femmes indochinoises de Vancouver (cfiv), une conférence internationale contre la guerre organisée par les défenseurs de la libération des femmes à Vancouver. La conférence avait pour but de rassembler les femmes sous la bannière d’une fraternité internationale, mais cet objectif souhaité n’a pas été atteint. En revanche, les tensions entre les femmes américaines et les femmes canadiennes ont divisé les organisateurs de la conférence et les participants, aboutissant à des conflits verbaux et physiques. La cfiv est utile pour examiner comment les femmes canadiennes ont vécu des interactions avec des féministes américaines et des activistes radicaux présents à la conférence. Plusieurs femmes ont considéré les actions des délégués américains comme impérialistes. L’expérience des organisateurs et des participants de la conférence montrent à quel point la cfiv représente un moment dans la libération des femmes où les limites au féminisme international étaient particulièrement visibles.
The Forgotten Work of Cultural Workers
Authors: Bischoping Katherine , King Adam D. K. 
Published: December 2019

This paper is based on work history interviews with a group of nine Toronto theatre workers covering a three-year period. During the interviews, participants did not spontaneously mention 13.1 per cent of their jobs in the creative cultural sector. Because forgotten work fails to register in surveys attempting to assess cultural workers’ contributions to the economy or to ameliorate their precarious conditions, it is important to explore why and how such work could go unreported. We locate the forgetting of cultural work in relation to the complexity and stresses of cultural workers’ schedules and to a discourse that opposes a devotion to art to the pursuit of money. Further, we explore how the participants’ particular tendency to forget their shortest-term jobs is informed by another discourse that prioritizes the building of a goals-based, coherent résumé. Last, we suggest that their surprising propensity to also forget their longest-term jobs can be understood in reference to the “piecework” model of cultural work and to a lack of socially supported remembering strategies. Based on these findings, we recommend improvements to the design of surveys on cultural workers’ work history.

Ce document se base sur des entrevues de l’histoire du travail avec un groupe de neufs travailleurs de théâtre à Toronto, qui ont eu lieu dans une période de trois ans. Pendant les entrevues, les participants n’ont pas mentionné spontanément 13,1 pour cent de leurs postes dans le secteur culturel créatif. Comme les travaux oubliés ne parviennent pas à s’inscrire dans les sondages visant à évaluer les contributions économiques des travailleurs culturels ou à améliorer les conditions précaires dans leurs milieux de travail, il est important d’évaluer pourquoi et comment les travaux en question pourraient passer sans être déclarés. On associe l’oublie des postes au secteur culturel avec les nombreuses complexitées et stresses quant aux horaires irréguliers, et à un discours opposant le dévouement à l’art à la poursuite de l’argent. De plus, nous explorons le raisonnement des participants de prendre en compte l’importance de leurs postes de plus courtes durées, afin de ne pas nuire à l’allure d’un résumé cohérant centré seulement sur les objectifs ambitieux. En dernier lieu, on déduit que la propensité étonnante d’oublier également leurs postes de plus longs termes est dû au modèle de « travail à la pièce » et à un manque de stratégies socialement soutenus de mémoire. Avec ces résultats, nous recommandons des améliorations aux modèles de sondages sur l’historique de travail dans le secteur culturel.
Supernatural surveillance and blood-borne disease in Bram Stoker's Dracula: Reflections on mesmerism and HIV
Authors: Pheasant-Kelly Fran 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Surveillance and/or voyeuristic viewing are central to certain horror productions and are often related to control and dominance. While such modes of looking are usually less obvious in the vampire film, the vampiric gaze nonetheless exerts a more definitive and immediate effect, causing its victims to fall prey to inevitable death and an extended afterlife. Although all vampire films tend to exploit these mesmeric aspects of Victorian culture, Bram Stoker's Dracula (1992), directed by Frances Ford Coppola, progresses the notion of 'supernatural surveillance'. Coppola uses numerous creative visual techniques to accentuate the attention to eyes, notably in scenes that are linked to sexual desire and promiscuity. If the original novel implicitly reflected contemporaneous fears of venereal infection, namely syphilis, then Coppola's film is preoccupied with AIDS. This essay argues that the film's attention to eyes and the gaze not only reflects the mesmerism associated with Victorian culture but also resonates with new forms of socio-cultural watchfulness emerging in the AIDS era of the twentieth century.
The flesh of the film: The camera as a body in neo-horror mockumentary and beyond
Authors: Surace Bruno 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The neo-horror mockumentary, from the 1990s onwards, has been a genre in constant ascent, rejuvenating extremely codified strands. What unites these strands is undoubtedly a formal commonality since the premise of the genre is that of basing oneself on 'lucky' shots, which imitate a certain amateurism, while being also extremely corporeal. The neo-horror mockumentary treats the camera as a body in its own right, with its own potential and fragility, an actor like those it films. The body of the camera and the bodies filmed by it generate a dialectic of the flesh that makes the neo-horror mockumentary a body-based genre, irrespective of its articulations, which are examined in this essay from a semiotic perspective, which investigates the role of corporeality within the formal components of the genre, a filmographic perspective that through case studies identifies the system of variants and invariants around which the body becomes a pivot, and a philosophical perspective that frames the concept of body and its change in the imaginary within this new way of making cinema.
Dead but not gone: Female body, surveillance and serial-killing in Alfred Hitchcock's Frenzy
Authors: Mondal Subarna 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Alfred Hitchcock in makes the corpse of an ordinary woman both an object of surveillance and a source of active watching. Mrs Bates and Marion in Psycho, Brenda and Babs in may be seen as predecessors to the series of dead women figuratively staring back in films such as The Silence of the Lambs () and Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (). The corpses do not merely offer themselves up as ciphers to be decoded. They reveal the lack in the perpetrators. Hitchcock's Frenzy relies on female bodies for clues to the murders. Hitchcock plays the vital role of bringing about a transition in the way in which women's bodies are to be treated in films, a transition from bodies shrouded by mist and darkness of the noirs to the exhibitionism of naked corpses in brightly lit settings. This article shows that abandonment of the usual tropes of visual impediments such as darkness and fog in Hitchcock's later films suggests a continually developing process of urban surveillance that aids in dehumanizing the victims. Further the post-murder masculinist investigative gaze forces a kind of mock-life on the victims through the relentless search of a killer's live signs on their dead flesh.