bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic papillectomy; a retrospective international multicenter cohort study with long-term follow-up
Authors: Fritzsche Jeska A. , Klein Amir , Beekman Maarten J. , van Hooft Jeanin E. , Sidhu Mayenaaz , Schoeman Scott , Fockens Paul , Bourke Michael J. , Voermans Rogier P. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) is considered a relatively safe and minimally invasive treatment for papillary adenomas. In the literature a significant risk for local recurrence is described. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term recurrence rates and time-to-recurrence. Additionally, risk factors for recurrence, malignancy and adverse events were studied.

Methods
This is a retrospective study in consecutive patients with papillary adenomas who underwent EP in two tertiary referral hospitals between 2001 and 2018. Primary outcome was recurrence in patients with at least 1-year endoscopic follow-up. Secondary outcomes were surgery free survival, adverse events, and mortality within 30 days after the index procedure.

Results
A total of 259 patients were found eligible [median age 66 years, 130 male (50.2%)]. Forty-three patients were known with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) (16.6%). At least 1-year endoscopic follow-up was available in 154 patients with a total follow-up of 586 person-years and median of 40 months [interquartile range (IQR) 25–75]. Recurrence occurred in 24 cases (15.6%) of which 8 were known with FAP, leading to a recurrence incidence rate of 4.1 per 100 person-years with a median time-to-recurrence of 29 months (IQR 14.75–59.5). Fifty-three patients underwent at least 5-year follow-up, in 6 (11.3%) of them recurrence was encountered after 5 years of which four were known with FAP. No risk factors for recurrence could be identified. Adverse events occurred in 50/259 patients (19.3%). One patient died within 30 days after the procedure. Papillary stenosis occurred in 19/259 (7.3%) of the patients. There were no cases of malignant degeneration during follow-up.

Conclusions
Recurrence after EP occurs in a significant proportion of patients and occurs even 5 years after EP. This emphasizes the need for long-term follow-up. We advise to consider at least 5-year follow-up in case of a sporadic adenoma, unless comorbidity makes follow-up clinically irrelevant.
EPR of Compound I: An Illustrated Revision of the Theoretical Model
Authors: Bracci Maruan , Van Doorslaer Sabine , García-Rubio Inés 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCompound I has been postulated to be the reactive species in many heme catalysts, which performs different chemistry and shows different properties in different enzymes. The aim of this review is to present a comprehensive model which has been successfully used to interpret the EPR spectra of various Compound I species. The theoretical approach established by seminal articles will be revisited and its ability to explain experimental results will be illustrated by simulating selected spectra from the literature. Compound I stores two oxidizing equivalents, one in the paramagnetic iron(IV)-oxo moiety, and another one as a free radical on the porphyrin ligand or an amino acid in the protein. To describe the interactions of the two paramagnetic species with each other and with their local environment, the spin Hamiltonian of the system is built step by step. The Fe(IV) center is described using a two-hole model. The effect of the crystal-field and spin–orbit coupling on the energy levels is calculated with this simple approach, which allows to obtain spin Hamiltonian parameters like zero-field splitting and effectiveg-values for the iron. The magnetic interaction between the Fe(IV) center and the free radical is considered and allowed to vary in sign (ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic) and magnitude to interpret the EPR of Compound I species in different systems. Since orbital overlap is crucial for exchange interaction, special emphasis is made in obtaining the orientation of Fe semi-occupied orbitals by extending the counter-rotation concept, which relates the directions of magnetic, electronic, and molecular axes.
Investigating the effects of structural pounding on the seismic performance of adjacent RC and steel MRFs
Authors: Kazemi F. , Miari M. , Jankowski R. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAn insufficient separation distance between adjacent buildings is the main reason for structural pounding during severe earthquakes. The lateral load resistance system, fundamental natural period, mass, and stiffness are important factors having the influence on collisions between two adjacent structures. In this study, 3-, 5- and 9-story adjacent reinforced concrete and steel moment resisting frames (MRFs) were considered to investigate the collision effects and to determine modification factors for new and already existing buildings. For this purpose, incremental dynamic analysis was used to assess the seismic limit state capacity of the structures using a developed algorithm in OpenSees software including two near-field record subsets suggested by FEMA-P695. The results of this paper can help engineers to approximately estimate the performance levels of MRFs due to pounding phenomenon. The results confirm that collisions can lead to the changes in performance levels, which are difficult to be considered during the design process. In addition, the results of the analyses illustrate that providing a fluid viscous damper between adjacent reinforced concrete and steel structures can be effective to eliminate the sudden changes in the lateral force during collision. This approach can be successfully used for retrofitting adjacent structures with insufficient in-between separation distances.
Drug use disorder and risk of incident and fatal breast cancer: a nationwide epidemiological study
Authors: Dahlman Disa , Magnusson Hedvig , Li Xinjun , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer forms in women and it is often detected by screening. However, women with drug use disorders (DUD) are less likely to be reached by screening programs. In this study, we aimed to investigate breast cancer incidence, mortality and stage at time of diagnosis among women with DUD compared to the general female population in Sweden.

Methods
We performed a follow-up study based on Swedish national register data for the period January 1997–December 2015. The study was based on 3,838,248 women aged 15–75 years, of whom 50,858 were registered with DUD. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for incident and fatal breast cancer, and cancer stage at time of diagnosis, were calculated for women with and without DUD using Cox regression analysis.

Results
DUD was associated with incident breast cancer (HR 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–1.14, p = 0.0069), fatal breast cancer (HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.42–1.82, p < 0.001), and stage IV breast cancer, i.e. metastasis at diagnosis (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.44–2.95, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Women with DUD were identified as a risk group for incident, fatal and metastasized breast cancer, which calls for attention from clinicians and policy makers. Cancer screening attendance and other healthcare seeking barriers are likely to affect the risk increase among women who use drugs; however, more research is needed on the underlying mechanisms.
Polygenic Risk Score: Clinically Useful Tool for Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease and Benefit from Lipid-Lowering Therapy?
Authors: Arnold Natalie , Koenig Wolfgang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractImprovement in risk prediction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) using information on the genetic predisposition at an individual level might offer new possibilities for the successful management of such complex trait. Latest developments in genetic research with the conduction of genome-wide association studies have facilitated a broader utility of polygenic risk score (PRS) as a potent risk prognosticator, being strongly associated with future cardiovascular events. Although its discriminative ability beyond traditional risk factors is still a matter of controversy, PRS possesses at least comparable risk information to that provided by traditional risk tools. More importantly, increased genetic risk for ASCVD might be discovered at younger ages, much longer before conventional risk factors become manifest, thereby providing a potent instrument for aggressive primordial and primary prevention in those at high risk. Furthermore, there is strong evidence that inherited risk may be successfully modulated by a healthy lifestyle or medication use (e.g., statins or PCSK-9 inhibitors). Here, we provide a short overview of the current research related to the possible application of PRS in clinical routine and critically discuss existing pitfalls, which still limit a widespread utility of PRS outside a research setting.
Characterization of a novel bacterial cellulose producer for the production of eco-friendly piezoelectric-responsive films from a minimal medium containing waste carbon
Authors: Mangayil Rahul , Rissanen Antti J. , Pammo Arno , Guizelini Dieval , Losoi Pauli , Sarlin Essi , Tuukkanen Sampo , Santala Ville 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a biodegradable polymer that benefits in purity, crystallinity and superior optical, structural and mechanical properties. Such properties facilitate BC to replace the conventional non-biodegradable materials used, for instance, in sensing applications. However, BC production is largely conducted in conventional medium containing model substrates and complex carbon-containing compounds. Aiming towards the production of eco-friendly piezoelectric-responsive BC films, we isolated and characterized a novel bacterial strain affiliated to Komagataeibacter rhaeticus. The K. rhaeticus ENS9a strain synthesized BC in minimal medium containing crude glycerol, generating a titer of 2.9 ± 0.3 g/L BC. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest BC titer reported from an unoptimized minimal medium containing crude glycerol. Interestingly, the films prepared from crude glycerol showed normal force and bending mode sensitivities of 6–11 pC/N and 40–71 pC/N, respectively, demonstrating a green platform to address both bioprocess waste valorization and implementation of cellulose-based alternatives for the non-sustainable and non-biodegradable materials, such as fluoropolymers or lead containing piezoceramics, used in sensing applications. In silico genome analysis predicted genes partaking in carbohydrate metabolism, BC biogenesis, and nitrogen fixation/regulation.

Graphic abstract
Nitrogen stocks and flows in an acid sulfate soil
Authors: Yli-Halla Markku , Virtanen Seija , Regina Kristiina , Österholm Peter , Ehnvall Betty , Uusi-Kämppä Jaana 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBesides causing acidification, acid sulfate (AS) soils contain large nitrogen (N) stocks and are a potential source of N loading to waters and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. We quantified the stocks and flows of N, including crop yields, N leaching, and N2O emissions, in a cultivated AS soil in western Finland. We also investigated whether controlled drainage (CD) and sub-irrigation (CDI) to keep the sulfidic horizons inundated can alleviate N losses. Total N stock at 0–100 cm (19.5 Mg ha−1) was smaller than at 100–200 cm (26.6 Mg ha−1), and the mineral N stock was largest below 170 cm. Annual N leaching (31–91 kg N ha−1) plus N in harvested grain (74–122 kg N ha−1) was 148% (range 118–189%) of N applied in fertilizers (90–125 kg N ha−1) in 2011–2017, suggesting substantial N supply from soil reserves. Annual emissions of N2O measured during 2 years were 8–28 kg N ha−1. The most probable reasons for high N2O emission rates in AS soils are concomitant large mineral N pools with fluctuating redox conditions and low pH in the oxidized subsoil, all favoring formation of N2O in nitrification and denitrification. Although the groundwater level was higher in CD and CDI than in conventional drainage, N load and crop offtake did not differ between the drainage methods, but there were differences in emissions. Nitrogen flows to the atmosphere and drainage water were clearly larger than those in non-AS mineral soils indicating that AS soils are potential hotspots of environmental impacts.
Determination and ecological risk assessment of two endocrine disruptors from River Buffalo, South Africa
Authors: Olaniyan Lamidi W. B. , Okoh Anthony I. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract4-tert-Octylphenol (4-tOP) and triclosan (TCS) are endocrine disruptors which have been detected in environmental matrices such as air, soil and water at ultra-low levels. Exposure to endocrine disruptors may account at least in part, for the global increase in the incidence of non-communicable diseases like cancers and diabetes and may also lead to an imbalance in the aquatic ecosystem. River Buffalo is an important natural resource in the Eastern Cape of South Africa serving more than half a million people. The presence of the two compounds in the river water hitherto unknown was investigated during winter seasons using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometric techniques. The sampling points differed by some physicochemical parameters. The concentration of 4-tOP ranged 0–755 ng/L, median value 88.1 ng/L while that of TCS ranged 0–1264.2 ng/L and the median value was 82.1 ng/L. Hazard quotient as an index of exposure risk varied according to daphnids ˃ fish ˃ algae for 4-tOP exposure while HQ for TCS exposure was algae > daphnids = fish showing that both compounds were capable of causing imbalance in the aquatic ecosystem.
Placing precarity: access and belonging in the shifting landscape of UK mental health care
Authors: Brenman Natassia F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper engages with the notion of ‘embodied belonging’ through an ethnography of the social and material aspects of accessing mental health care in the UK. I focus on moments of access and transition in a voluntary sector organisation in London: an intercultural psychotherapy centre, serving a range of im/migrant communities. Whilst both ‘belonging’ and ‘place’ are often invoked to imply stability, I explore how material contexts of access and inclusion can paradoxically be implicated in the ongoing production of precarity—of unstable, uncertain, and vulnerable ways of being. A sociomaterial analysis of ethnographic material and visual data from two creative mapping interviews attends to material and spatial aspects of the centre and its transitory place in the urban environment. It demonstrates how these aspects of place became entangled in client experiences of access: uncertainties of waiting, ambivalence towards belonging to a particular client group, and questions around deservingness of care. This engendered an embodied and situated experience of ‘precarious belonging’. I therefore argue that precarity should be ‘placed’, both within the concept of embodied belonging, and ethnographically, within the material constraints, impermanence, and spatial politics of projects to include the excluded in UK mental health care.
Quantified Temporal Alethic Boulesic Doxastic Logic
Authors: Rönnedal Daniel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe paper develops a set of quantified temporal alethic boulesic doxastic systems. Every system in this set consists of five parts: a ‘quantified’ part, a temporal part, a modal (alethic) part, a boulesic part and a doxastic part. There are no systems in the literature that combine all of these branches of logic. Hence, all systems in this paper are new. Every system is defined both semantically and proof-theoretically. The semantic apparatus consists of a kind of$$T \times W$$T×Wmodels, and the proof-theoretical apparatus of semantic tableaux. The ‘quantified part’ of the systems includes relational predicates and the identity symbol. The quantifiers are, in effect, a kind of possibilist quantifiers that vary over every object in the domain. The tableaux rules are classical. The alethic part contains two types of modal operators for absolute and historical necessity and possibility. According to ‘boulesic logic’ (the logic of the will), ‘willing’ (‘consenting’, ‘rejecting’, ‘indifference’ and ‘non-indifference’) is a kind of modal operator. Doxastic logic is the logic of beliefs; it treats ‘believing’ (and ‘conceiving’) as a kind of modal operator. I will explore some possible relationships between these different parts, and investigate some principles that include more than one type of logical expression. I will show that every tableau system in the paper is sound and complete with respect to its semantics. Finally, I consider an example of a valid argument and an example of an invalid sentence. I show how one can use semantic tableaux to establish validity and invalidity and read off countermodels. These examples illustrate the philosophical usefulness of the systems that are introduced in this paper.
Local administration of submicron particle paclitaxel to solid carcinomas induces direct cytotoxicity and immune-mediated tumoricidal effects without local or systemic toxicity: preclinical and clinical studies
Authors: Verco Shelagh , Maulhardt Holly , Baltezor Michael , Williams Emily , Iacobucci Marc , Wendt Alison , Verco James , Marin Alyson , Campbell Sam , Dorman Paul , diZerega Gere 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis report describes local administration of submicron particle paclitaxel (SPP) (NanoPac®: ~ 800-nm-sized particles with high relative surface area with each particle containing ~ 2 billion molecules of paclitaxel) in preclinical models and clinical trials evaluating treatment of carcinomas. Paclitaxel is active in the treatment of epithelial solid tumors including ovarian, peritoneal, pancreatic, breast, esophageal, prostate, and non-small cell lung cancer. SPP has been delivered directly to solid tumors, where the particles are retained and continuously release the drug, exposing primary tumors to high, therapeutic levels of paclitaxel for several weeks. As a result, tumor cell death shifts from primarily apoptosis to both apoptosis and necroptosis. Direct local tumoricidal effects of paclitaxel, as well as stimulation of innate and adaptive immune responses, contribute to antineoplastic effects. Local administration of SPP may facilitate tumor response to systemically administered chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy without contributing to systemic toxicity. Results of preclinical and clinical investigations described here suggest that local administration of SPP achieves clinical benefit with negligible toxicity and may complement standard treatments for metastatic disease.
Graphical abstract
Generation and Use of Hints and Feedback in a Hilbert-Style Axiomatic Proof Tutor
Authors: Lodder Josje , Heeren Bastiaan , Jeuring Johan , Neijenhuis Wendy 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper describeslogax, an interactive tutoring tool that gives hints and feedback to a student who stepwise constructs a Hilbert-style axiomatic proof in propositional logic.logaxgenerates proofs to calculate hints and feedback. We compare these generated proofs with expert proofs and student solutions, and conclude that the quality of the generated proofs is comparable to that of expert proofs.logaxrecognizes most steps that students take when constructing a proof. Even if a student diverges from the generated solution,logaxstill provides hints, including next steps or reachable subgoals, and feedback. With a few improvements in the design of the set of buggy rules,logaxwill cover about 80% of the mistakes made by students by buggy rules. The hints help students to complete the exercises.
Die Logistik im Fokus empirischer Analysen: Arbeitsbedingungen und Arbeitsfähigkeit in der Lagerwirtschaft sowie den Post- und Zustelldiensten
Authors: Certa Mathias , Schröder Tim 
Published: November 2020

ZusammenfassungDie zunehmende Digitalisierung führt zu veränderten Arbeitsbedingungen in verschiedenen Bereichen der Logistik, wie der Intralogistik und den Post- und Zustelldiensten. Für beide Berufsgruppen gelten die Arbeitsbedingungen als äußerst belastend. Allerdings sind die Zusammenhänge mit der Arbeitsfähigkeit bislang nicht hinreichend untersucht. Ziel ist es deshalb, diese Zusammenhänge anhand empirischer Analysen und auf theoretischer Basis eines erweiterten Anforderungs-Ressourcen-Modells zu erklären und somit Ansatzpunkte für eine menschengerechte Arbeitsgestaltung aufzuzeigen. Datengrundlage ist die von der Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin durchgeführte Arbeitszeitbefragung. Anhand von Gruppenvergleichen und Regressionsmodellen werden beide Berufsgruppen miteinander verglichen. Ansätze für eine menschengerechte Gestaltung von Arbeitssystemen können für beide Berufsgruppen vor allem bei organisatorischen Arbeitsbedingungen wie der sozialen Unterstützung oder eines auf Anerkennung und Rollenklarheit basierenden Betriebsklimas ausgemacht werden.Praktische Relevanz Die vorliegenden Analysen können als Grundlage für eine menschengerechte Gestaltung von Arbeitssystemen je nach den spezifischen Bedingungen in der jeweiligen Berufsgruppe dienen. Sie verdeutlichen besonders das Bedingungsverhältnis von technischen und sozialen Aspekten und zeigen darüber hinaus für beide untersuchten Berufsgruppen sowohl bei der technischen Gestaltung der Arbeitssysteme als auch mit Blick auf organisationale Ressourcen Ansatzpunkte für Interventionen auf.
Exhaust system piping made by hydroforming: relations between stresses, microstructure, mechanical properties and surface
Authors: Kucharska Barbara , Moraczyński Oskar 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe subject of research is car exhaust system piping made of chromium–nickel steel of grade AISI304L with a unique, complex shape that was obtained by hydroforming technology. The purpose of the research was to determine the relation between the microstructure features, surface condition, hardness and the stresses on the external surface as determined by the sin2ψ X-ray method. We found that the stresses were tensile and correlated with the steel hardness, i.e. they were greater where the hardness was higher. Moreover, longitudinal stresses showed a relationship with pipe wall thickness, while circumferential stresses did so only partially. According to our data, the greatest value of stress determined in the pipe amounted to 290 MPa, and was close to the yield point of the strain hardened 304L steel. As depicted via XRD and SEM examination, the pipe stress level and hardness were influenced by the transition γ→α’. Furthermore, in the region of higher stress and hardness, the amount of martensite was 10 vol.%. We also noted that the pipe’s outer surface when subjected to friction against the die shows lesser roughness compared to its inner surface upon exposure to water under pressure.
England Re-Oriented
Authors: Garcia Humberto 
Published: November 2020

What does the love between British imperialists and their Asian male partners reveal about orientalism's social origins? To answer this question, Humberto Garcia focuses on westward-bound Central and South Asian travel writers who have long been forgotten or dismissed by scholars. This bias has obscured how Joseph Emin, Sake Dean Mahomet, Shaykh I'tesamuddin, Abu Talib Khan, Abul Hassan Khan, Yusuf Khan Kambalposh, and Lutfullah Khan found in their conviviality with Englishwomen and men a strategy for inhabiting a critical agency that appropriated various media to make Europe commensurate with Asia. Drama, dance, masquerades, visual art, museum exhibits, music, postal letters, and newsprint inspired these genteel men to recalibrate Persianate ways of behaving and knowing. Their cosmopolitanisms offer a unique window on an enchanted third space between empires in which Europe was peripheral to Islamic Indo-Eurasia. Encrypted in their mediated homosocial intimacies is a queer history of orientalist mimic men under the spell of a powerful Persian manhood.