bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meadow, marsh and lagoon: Late Holocene coastal changes and human–environment interactions in northern Denmark
Authors: Kristiansen Søren M. , Ljungberg Thomas E. , Christiansen Torben Trier , Dalsgaard Kristian , Haue Niels , Greve Mogens H. , Nielsen Bjarne Henning 
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a study of past coastline dynamics and their consequences for prehistoric societies living in the glacio‐isostatically uplifted central Limfjord area, northern Denmark. The consequences of the gradual relative sea level (RSL) changes have been investigated to develop a local RSL curve, study settlement patterns on newly exposed marine foreland, and estimate changes in the area and quality of grazing and forage for livestock. This was achieved by a multidisciplinary approach involving existing regional and local beach ridges dated by optically stimulated luminescence, a comprehensive database of archaeological finds, and extrapolation based on a digital elevation model. The beach‐ridge dates suggested a near‐linear local RSL change in the study area of ~1.2±0.2 m per 1000 years for the last 3000 years. Based on this, a palaeo‐coastline development model was produced that correlated well with a comprehensive database of archaeological finds. The model indicates that (i) few human settlements moved to the newly exposed marine foreland prior to modern times, though clusters of burial mounds (barrows) suggest that some of the new lands were colonized during the Late Roman Iron Age until 400 CE, (ii) winter‐flooded marine foreland with high‐quality livestock grazing increased steadily until c. 750 CE and then remained stable at approximately 150 km2, and (iii) due to high salinity of the inundating water, the palaeo‐Limfjord probably had Wadden Sea‐like fertile saltmarshes until c. 1 CE. The improved chronologies yield a better understanding of the spatial and temporal prehistoric human–nature interactions in the study area. The findings highlight the need for accurate local RSL curves in order to interpret concomitant terrestrial environment drivers and trajectories, and thereby understand causal relationships and consequences for prehistoric human–environment interactions in coastal areas.
P300‐dependent acetylation of histone H3 is required for epidermal growth factor receptor‐mediated high‐mobility group protein A2 transcription in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liang Chao , Niu Jie , Wang Xiao , Zhang Zhan‐Sheng , Yang Ruo‐Han , Yao Xin , Liu Fan‐Ye , Li Wen‐Qi , Pei Shu‐Hua , Sun Hua , Wang Chao‐Jie , Fang Dong , Xie Song‐Qiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHigh‐mobility group protein A2 (HMGA2) is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and contributes to tumor metastasis and poor patient survival. However, the molecular mechanism through which HMGA2 is transcriptionally regulated in HCC cells remains largely unclear. Here, we showed that the expression HMGA2 was upregulated in HCC, and that elevated HMGA2 could promote tumor metastasis. Incubation of HCC cells with epidermal growth factor (EGF) could promote the expression of HMGA2 mRNA and protein. Mechanistic studies suggested that EGF can phosphorylate p300 at Ser1834 residue through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in HCC cells. Knockdown of p300 can reverse EGF‐induced HMGA2 expression and histone H3‐K9 acetylation, whereas a phosphorylation‐mimic p300 S1834D mutant can stimulate HMGA2 expression as well as H3‐K9 acetylation in HCC cells. Furthermore, we identified that p300‐mediated H3‐K9 acetylation participates in EGF‐induced HMGA2 expression in HCC. In addition, the levels of H3‐K9 acetylation positively correlated with the expression levels of HMGA2 in a chemically induced HCC model in rats and human HCC specimens.
“I am the embodiment of an anorexic patient's worst fear”: Severe obesity and binge eating disorder on a restrictive eating disorder ward
Authors: Matthews Kaitlyn N. , Psihogios Maria , Dettmer Elizabeth , Steinegger Cathleen , Toulany Alene 
Published: November 2020

SummaryAdolescents who have been diagnosed with an eating disorder commonly have comorbid mental health conditions which have a significant impact on illness trajectory and may even limit access to effective treatment. Current models of eating disorder care focus mainly on treatment for patients diagnosed with restrictive eating disorders with fewer options available for those with binge eating disorder. We describe a case of an adolescent living with severe, complex obesity and binge eating disorder, presenting in a mental health crisis, admitted to an in‐patient unit primarily for patients being treated for restrictive eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa. This case report describes multiple challenges that arose in admitting such a patient on a ward specializing in the treatment of restrictive eating disorders and highlights the need for equitable and more accessible care for patients living with all types of eating disorders.
Possible Objects: Topological Approaches to Individuation
Authors: Rips Lance J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe think of the world around us as divided into physical objects like toasters and daisies, rather than solely as a smear of properties like yellow and smooth. How do we single out these objects? One theory of object concepts uses part‐of relations and relations of connectedness. According to this proposal, an object is a connected spatial item of maximal extent: Any other connected item that overlaps (i.e., shares a part with) the object must be a part of that object. This article reports four experiments that test this proposal. Participants see descriptions or diagrams of spatial items that vary across trials in their relative positions. In separate experiments, participants decide whether the items are physical objects, whether they are wholes, or how many objects are present. All experiments find support for connectedness as a contributor to object status, but they find little support for maximality. The results suggest that maximality is not a necessary feature of wholes or of objects.
On the issue of linearity in chromatic induction by a uniform background
Authors: Provenzi Edoardo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn 1974, Resnikoff proposed a very elegant model for the space of perceived coloursbased on differential geometry techniques. By adding to Schrödinger's axioms a further hypothesis of homogeneity for, he managed to prove thatcan only take two possible forms, one of which is the classical flat trichromatic space, and the other a negatively curved space. The latter has been ignored until recently, when it was used as the starting point for a promising new programme concerning the refoundation of colorimetry. A key step in Resnikoff's construction is the identification of a group of transformations that act transitively onas so‐called background transformations, that is, changes of the uniform context in which a colour stimulus is embedded. While their transitive nature poses no problem, to the best of the author's knowledge, the hypothesis that these transformations act linearly on the perceived colour associated with the stimulus has never been verified. In this paper, we highlight the importance of the linearity issue in chromatic induction and leave it as an open problem to be discussed by experts in colour, psycho‐physics and vision science.
Acceptability, Feasibility, and Utility of Integrating Pharmacogenetic Testing into a Child Psychiatry Clinic
Authors: Claudio‐Campos Karla , Padrón Adaixa , Jerkins Gabriel , Nainaparampil Jaison , Nelson Robyn , Martin Anna , Wiisanen Kristin , Smith D. Max , Strekalova Yulia , Marsiske Michael , Cicali Emily J. , Cavallari Larisa H. , Mathews Carol A. 
Published: November 2020

Pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing is a tool to identify patients at a higher risk of adverse events or treatment failure. The concern for unwanted side effects can limit medication adherence, particularly in children and adolescents. We conducted a pragmatic study to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility and gather pilot data on the utility of PGx testing in a child and adolescent psychiatry clinic. Both physicians and families participated in the study and answered pre‐survey and post‐survey questionnaires to examine their attitudes toward PGx testing. Patients were randomized into implementation (N = 25) and control groups (N = 24) and underwent PGx testing at the beginning or end of the study, respectively. Clinical consult notes with genotype‐guided recommendations were provided to physicians for their consideration in clinical decisions. Patient‐reported symptom severity and antidepressant‐related side effects were assessed at baseline and for 12 weeks. Both participating physicians and families agreed that PGx testing is a useful tool to improve medication selection. The time from sample collection to having PGx test results was ~ 10 days and 15 days to having consult notes available, which may have impaired test utility in clinical decision making. There were no differences in any clinical end point between the implementation and control arms; however, there were higher antidepressant side effect scores for CYP2D6 poor and intermediate metabolizers after the eighth week of treatment. Our findings revealed benefits and pitfalls with the use of PGx testing in the real‐world clinical setting, which may inform the methodology of a larger trial focused on outcomes.
Folliculotropism in head and neck lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma
Authors: Dika Emi , Lambertini Martina , Patrizi Annalisa , Misciali Cosimo , Scarfì Federica , Pellacani Giovanni , Mandel Victor Desmond , Di Tullio Francesca , Stanganelli Ignazio , Chester Johanna , Kaleci Shaniko , Massi Daniela , De Giorgi Vincenzo , Cinotti Elisa , Rubegni Pietro , Perrot Jean Luc , Farnetani Francesca 
Published: November 2020

SummaryBackgroundLentigo maligna (LM) and lentigo maligna‐melanoma (LMM) are histotypes of melanoma arising in skin with cumulative solar radiation damage. The extension of atypical melanocytes to the hair follicle (folliculotropism) is a histopathological feature of LM/LMM. Its role has not been totally clarified, but it may be correlated to treatment response in LM or to progression in LMM.ObjectiveThis retrospective, multicentric study aims to identify dermatoscopic features associated with folliculotropism in LMs/LMMs.Patients and MethodsWe analyzed cases of head and neck LMs/LMMs diagnosed between 2005–2014 at Melanoma Units, University of Bologna/Modena/Florence/Siena (Italy), Nice (France): 25 LMs and 73 LMMs were included.ResultsGrey circles (44 %) indicated an isthmic/bulb level of involvement, which were completely absent in the infundibular LM lesions (P = 0.041). In the group of LMMs, light/dark brown pseudonetwork and light brown structureless areas were an indicator of diffuse distribution of malignant melanocytes in the follicular units (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively), while grey circles indicated focal or diffuse distribution (P < 0.001).ConclusionsA better understanding of the extension of malignant melanocytes is helpful, aiding clinicians in their decision to perform a radical excision or obtaining a biopsy in the most invasive area of the lesion, which includes potential folliculotropism.
Anti‐Learning Behavior Toward Safety Risk: The Roles of Internal Context and Social Contagion
Authors: Tong Xun , Linderman Kevin , Lo Chris K. Y. , Lai Kee‐hung , Cheng T. C. E. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTManaging safety has become increasingly important in global operations. Surprisingly, the literature provides limited clues on what influences future accident hazards after the happening of a recent minor operational incident (MOI) in an organization. We examine the impacts of internal context (direct MOI experience) and external context (indirect MOI experience) on a focal organization's future serious accident hazard. Using an archival incident dataset from the liner shipping industry and drawing upon normalized deviation and social contagion theory, we find that after a recent MOI in a focal organization, the direct (internal context) and indirect (contagion source) MOI experience “increase” the likelihood of accident hazard. Furthermore, within the indirect MOI experience, there is “no” differential impact between related (same type and same region) and unrelated experience, whereas within related experience, spatial (region) and social (type) proximity do not differ in influencing the chance of future serious accident hazard happening. Our findings provide important implications for theory, practice, and policy‐making in safety management.
Effect of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes on the risk of venous thromboembolism
Authors: Hinton William , Nemeth Banne , de Lusignan Simon , Field Ben , Feher Michael D. , Munro Neil , Roberts Lara N. , Arya Roopen , Whyte Martin B. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsWhether diabetes increases venous thromboembolism (VTE) is unclear. Any greater risk may relate to insulin resistance, but many studies did not differentiate between type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes for VTE risk.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of the Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre, comprising over 530 primary care practices. We determined whether type 1 diabetes and/or type 2 diabetes are independent risk factors for VTE. The index date was 1 January 2009, individuals were followed to 31 December 2018, or censoring. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to investigate the risk of VTE in people with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes relative to no diabetes. The primary outcome was occurrence of VTE. The model was adjusted for potential confounders for VTE.ResultsThere were 7086 people with type 1 diabetes and 95,566 with type 2 diabetes, diagnosed before 1 January 2009. The non‐diabetes group consisted of 1,407,699 people. In the unadjusted analysis, there was no increased risk of VTE with type 1 diabetes (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.76–1.33) but there was for type 2 diabetes (HR 2.70, 95% CI 2.57–2.84). In the fully adjusted model, VTE risk was increased in type 1 diabetes (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.11–1.92), but not with type 2 diabetes (HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.98–1.14).ConclusionsType 1 diabetes was associated with a greater risk for VTE while type 2 diabetes was not. Further work is needed to determine the reason(s) for this.
Production efficiency differences between poikilotherms and homeotherms have little to do with metabolic rate
Authors: van der Meer Jaap 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe idea that homeothermic populations have a much lower production efficiency than poikilothermic populations, because warm‐blooded individuals exhibit a higher metabolic rate per gram of body weight, is widespread. Using Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory, in combination with a modelling exercise based on empirical data for over 1000 different species, I show that this idea is wrong. Production efficiency of homeothermic individuals can be as high or even higher than that of poikilotherms. Differences observed are merely the result of different energy allocation and life‐history strategies. Birds, for example have evolved to invest a large proportion of the assimilated energy in somatic growth and maintenance and to mature at a relatively large size. Therefore, their production efficiency as an adult is low. This low reproduction efficiency combined with a low mortality rate causes the low production efficiency of bird (and other homeothermic) populations.
Cracking behaviours of rock‐like materials containing three preexisting flaws after high‐temperature treatments
Authors: Zhou Xiaoping , Fu Liang , Cheng Hao , Berto Filippo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe mechanical properties and cracking behaviours of rock‐like materials containing three preexisting flaws after high‐temperature treatments are studied. The temperature variations of 25°C, 70°C and 140°C are chosen to explore the influence of temperature, and the ligament angle variations of 75°, 90° and 105° are chosen to explore the effect of preexisting flaws. The crack initiation and coalescence modes and specimen failure after high‐temperature treatments are recorded by a high‐speed dynamic analysis system. Seven modes of crack initiation and ten types of crack coalescence are recorded in the rock‐like specimens. With an increase in temperature and ligament angle, the mechanical properties such as peak strength, peak strain and crack initiation stress change regularly. Furthermore, the experimental results demonstrate that the temperature has a significant impact on the complete stress–strain curves and cracking behaviours of flawed rock‐like materials.
Trophic consequences of competitive interactions in freshwater fish: Density dependent effects and impacts of inter‐specific versus intra‐specific competition
Authors: De Santis Vanessa , Gutmann Roberts Catherine , Britton J. Robert 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Determining the comparative impacts of increased intra‐ versus inter‐specific competition is important in freshwater ecosystems for understanding the ecological changes that can result from activities such as fish stocking events (using alien and/or native fish species), as well as from natural processes that elevate population abundances (e.g. increased annual recruitment success). While increased inter‐specific competition can result in slower growth rates and/or reduced population density in the weaker or less abundant competitor, it is important that this is assessed in relation to the impacts of increased intra‐specific competition.

We tested how the strength of inter‐specific competition from a co‐existing species varies with abundance, and how this compares with increased intra‐specific competition. Fish were the model taxa, as their growth rates strongly correlate with competitive success. Replicated pond mesocosms (150 days) used chub Squalius cephalus in an allopatric control (n = 5; C5) and allopatric treatment (n = 10; C10), and in sympatric treatments (n = 5) with European barbel Barbus barbus (n = 5 (T1), 10 (T2) and 15 (T3)). Treatment effects were tested on fish‐specific growth rates (SGRs), and the size and position of the trophic and isotopic niche (stomach contents and stable isotope [SI] analyses respectively).

Chub SGRs were significantly higher in C5 versus all other treatments, but did not differ among the other allopatric and sympatric treatments. Chub trophic niche sizes in T1 to T3 were significantly smaller than C5, indicating more specialised diets in the presence of barbel. Chub trophic niche size in C10 was, however, larger than C5 and T1, indicating a shift to a more generalised diet as intra‐specific competition increased.

As SGRs reduced in treatments, so did the predicted extent of fish SI turnover, with SI data in T1 to T3 not at isotopic equilibrium with their diet in the mesocosms at the experiment's end. Following conversion of fish SI data to represent values at 95% isotopic turnover, chub isotopic niches also revealed shifts to a more general diet as intra‐specific competition increased, but to more specialised diets as inter‐specific competition increased.

Increased intra‐ and inter‐specific competition impacts on the trophic and isotopic niches were contrasting; both metrics indicated niche constrictions in sympatry but niche expansions in allopatry. Impacts on fish growth were evident from both. These results emphasise that the trophic consequences of competition in freshwater fish can differ between stocking events involving the release of conspecifics or other species, with this having important considerations for how freshwater fish communities are managed for angling exploitation.
The clinico‐epidemiological characteristics and therapeutic experience of 152 patients with cutaneous sporotrichosis: a 10‐year retrospective study from India
Authors: Sharma Reena , Mahajan Vikram K. , Singh Chauhan Pushpinder , Mehta Karaninder S. , Sharma Anuj , Sharma Jyotshna 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous sporotrichosis, a subcutaneous mycosis because of Sporothrix schenckii, is sporadic worldwide with local hyperendemic pockets.ObjectivesTo study clinico‐epidemiological and therapeutic aspects of sporotrichosis in our clinic.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed medical records of 152 (M:F 52:100) patients with cutaneous sporotrichosis managed during 2010–2019.ResultsAll patients were involved in agricultural activities, and 63.2% were aged 21–60 years. Women outnumbered men by nearly two times. Fixed and lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis occurred in 54.6% and 43.4% patients, respectively. Only 2% of patients had multifocal sporotrichosis. Only 48% of patients imputed their disease to prior injuries. Extremities, upper in 53.9% and lower in 21% of patients, were mostly involved. Scrotum involvement in one patient was unusual. A mixed inflammatory infiltrate in 38.7%, chronic granuloma formation in 35%, and presence of spores in 48.9% biopsies was noted. S. schenckii grew on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar in 40.2% of cases. Treatment with saturated solution of potassium iodide was curative in 76.8% patients, and lesions healed in 2–9 months (average 5.2 months). Metallic taste was experienced by 42.9% of patients. Itraconazole therapy was safe and effective in seven patients, and the response was better when combined with SSKI compared to either drug used alone.ConclusionCutaneous sporotrichosis mostly affects persons during active years of life. The injuries predisposing to infection are mostly forgotten. Both fixed and lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis involving extremities remain common forms. SSKI alone or in combination with itraconazole is safe and effective treatment. Itraconazole is preferable in patients having preexisting hypothyroidism or intolerance to SSKI.
Predictors and outcomes of work–family conflict among nurses
Authors: Labrague L.J. , Ballad C.A. , Fronda D.C. 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundWork–family conflict, an issue important to nursing management, has been examined extensively worldwide. With an increasing number of nurses leaving and intending to leave the country, and considering the traditional family arrangement, it is increasingly relevant to examine the precursors and outcomes of work–family conflict among Filipino nurses.AimTo identify the predictors of work–family conflict and its relationship to Filipino nurses’ work outcomes and perceived quality of care.MethodsA descriptive research design was utilized to collect data from one thousand one hundred (n = 1010) registered nurses with more than three months of experience working in the hospital using the Work–Family Conflict Scale, Job Satisfaction Index, Perceived Stress Scale, the two single‐item measures of turnover intention, and a single‐item measure of care quality.ResultsFilipino nurses experience moderate levels of work–family conflict. Nurses’ age, education, facility size, and hospital location predicted work–family conflict. Work–family predicted job satisfaction, job stress, intention to leave the organization, and perceived quality of care.ConclusionsIn accordance with international studies, Filipino nurses experience significant levels of work–family conflict. Addressing work–family conflict may result in improved work outcomes and increased care quality rating.Implications for nursing practice and policyOrganizational measures to address work–family conflict in nurses should take into account the different predictors identified, particularly those that are modifiable. Nurses’ work outcomes and care quality can be improved by employing empirically based measures to effectively address work–family conflict.