bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do we need standardized postoperative radiographs after locking plate fixation of distal radius fractures – A retrospective analysis of 664 patients
Authors: Ketter V. , Kiehne C. , Frink M. , Aigner R. , Ruchholtz S. , Lenz J. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Introduction
After surgical treatment of fractures of the distal radius, radiographs in 2 planes are routinely performed postoperatively as a standard procedure to verify anatomic reduction and implant positioning. However, the postoperative radiological examinations rarely has a consequence. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of treatment plan changes based on standardized postoperative radiographs. Secondarily, abnormalities, already being present in the intraoperative radiographs, were examined.

Methods
Between 2015 and 2019 a total of 664 consecutive patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation of a distal radius were evaluated in a retrospective study.

Results
The median age was 60 (range 92 − 16 years). Overall, a treatment plan change was detected in 20 patients. After standardized postoperative radiographs a CT scan was performed in 16 patients and 14 patients underwent early operative revision; in only four of these cases, the revision could be attributed to the postoperative radiograph.

Conclusion
Considering the low incidence of treatment plan changes, routinely performed radiographs after surgical treatment of distal radius fractures must be critically questioned.
A scoping review of alopecia areata and its relationship to COVID-19 vaccinations
Authors: Konisky Hailey , Choi Solbie , Valada Aditi , Andriano Tyler M. , Kobets Kseniya 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn response to the COVID-19 pandemic several vaccines were produced, including novel mRNA and viral vector-based vaccines. Though COVID-19 had its own associated dermatological sequelae, the vaccines were associated with a new set of cutaneous side effects, including hypersensitivity reactions, vasculitis, and autoimmune-mediated reactions. Notably, alopecia areata (AA) was reported in several patients closely following a COVID-19 vaccine, especially in those with a personal or family history of AA. A PubMed and Google Scholar search was conducted in July 2024 which resulted in 26 case reports/case series, 1 prospective study, and 3 cross-sectional retrospective chart reviews. Based on our holistic literature review, there is no evidence to support an increased association between COVID-19 vaccination and AA. Despite recent literature highlighting the incidence of de novo and recurrent AA after COVID-19 vaccines, several large retrospective analyses have shown that the overall incidence of AA in vaccinated individuals does not differ from that of historical controls. The potential for de novo AA after COVID-19 vaccine is low and the benefit of being vaccinated far outweighed the risks, especially within the first few years of COVID-19 vaccine rollout. While the decision to get vaccinated is a personal choice, the threat of developing AA secondary to vaccination should not be a deterrent.
Kreislauforientierte Betrachtung zur Verbesserung der Kompostqualität aus biogenen Abfällen aus der Haushaltssammlung
Authors: Adam Josef , Wellacher Martin , Loidl Alexandra , Kreindl Gernot , Zöscher Andreas , Dvorak Elena , Schmid Verena 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die stoffliche Verwertung von biogenen Abfällen aus der Haushaltssammlung bildet einen wesentlichen Baustein für eine funktionierende Kreislaufwirtschaft und stellt einen bedeutenden Faktor zur Erreichung der Recyclingquoten für Siedlungsabfälle dar, die von der EU vorgeschrieben werden. Eine große Hürde besteht in der Störstoffproblematik im Bioabfall, da beispielsweise Kunststoffe, Metalle und Glas als Fehlwürfe in der Sammlung in diesen Abfallstrom gelangen. Um maschinell ein qualitätsgesichertes Kompostprodukt herstellen zu können, soll das Ausgangsmaterial für die Kompostierung eine Störstoffkonzentration von 3 % Feuchtmasse (FM) nicht überschreiten. In der neuen österreichischen Kompostverordnung, die 2025 in Kraft treten soll, wird voraussichtlich ein Grenzwert für Störstoffe bei übernommenen biogenen Abfällen vorgeschrieben. Im Projekt „Plastic Free Compost“ arbeiten acht Partner aus Industrie und Wissenschaft zusammen, um Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der Qualität von biogenen Haushaltsabfällen zu erproben. Das Projekt setzt dabei an allen Phasen des Kompostierungskreislaufs, dem Bürger/der Bürgerin, der Sammlung, der Vorbehandlung, der Kompostierung, der Nachbehandlung und dem Qualitätskompost an, um Lösungen für die Störstoffproblematik zu finden.
Early Life Care gewährleistet Kinderschutz und Unterstützung von Familien
Authors: Aigner Gerhild , Metzger Ulrike , Priewasser Beate , Bürgler Elisabeth , Irresberger Christina , Rass Astrid , Fischer Thorsten , Metzger Roman , Weghuber Daniel 
Published: December 2024

ZusammenfassungDie drei Universitätskliniken für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde sowie Kinder- und Jugendchirurgie, die Pflegedirektion und die Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität (PMU) Salzburg haben sich zum Ziel gesetzt, neben einer bindungsorientierten, familienzentrierten und entwicklungsfördernden Pflege und Versorgung insbesondere Familien in Belastungssituation frühzeitig im Klinikalltag zu identifizieren und ihnen bedarfsgerechte Unterstützung zu vermitteln. Um diesen Herausforderungen zu begegnen, wurde das Konzept der Early Life Care (ELC) angewandt. Dabei handelt es sich um ein interdisziplinäres und integratives Konzept der Gesundheitsförderung und -versorgung mit dem Ziel, möglichst optimale Bedingungen für Familien rund um Kinderwunsch, Schwangerschaft, Geburt und frühe Kindheit zu schaffen. Durch Beratung, Begleitung, Diagnostik, Therapie und Betreuung wird versucht, bereits am Lebensbeginn die besten Voraussetzungen anzubieten.
Early orthodontic treatment need over a 10-year period and evaluation of short-term intervention stability
Authors: Tabellion Maike , Loef Ines Caroline , Linsenmann Constanze Charlotte , Lisson Jörg Alexander 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
Early orthodontic treatment with cost reimbursement within the framework of the German statutory health insurance (GKV) is only possible for a strictly defined malocclusion group as defined by the orthodontic indication groups (KIG). It is not yet clear whether the application of the KIG criteria and corresponding successful early orthodontic interventions result in no or significantly less need for treatment in the late mixed dentition or in the permanent dentition. This study therefore investigated short-term intervention stability from a 10-year-period.

Materials and methods
Between 2009 and 2019, n = 661 patients were diagnosed with indication groups D (increased overjet), M (reversed overjet), B (scissors bite), K (crossbite), or P (lack of space) including orthodontic treatment need. N = 70 patients (35 female, 35 male) met the inclusion criteria of the study and had received early orthodontic treatment with a mean duration of 15.44 ± 2.20 months. Orthodontic indication groups (KIG) were evaluated at the beginning (aged 7.99 ± 1.44 years) and the end of early orthodontic treatment (aged 9.63 ± 1.49 years) and at a voluntary control or the beginning of additional orthodontic treatment (aged 11.85 ± 1.72 years). The evaluation included established procedures for categorization of orthodontic indication groups and their respective classification. Statistics included Chi-square test and Kendall´s tau-b. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results
The results showed reversed overjet in 44.3% and crossbites in 41.4% of the patients as most common indication for early orthodontic treatment. At the end of early orthodontic treatment, no orthodontic treatment need was present in 87.1%. At the late mixed dentition, the treatment result of early orthodontic treatment was stable in N = 61 out of N = 70 patients.

Conclusions
The results of our study confirm preventive benefits of early orthodontic treatment, especially in patients with transverse anomalies or reversed overjet.

Clinical relevance
A short-term orthodontic intervention with correct indication during primary or early mixed dentition can prevent or reduce further treatment need during late mixed or permanent dentition, and should therefore not be postponed.
Density and distribution of the flat mite (Brevipalpus yothersi) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) on four Hibiscus varieties: do leaves tell the full story?
Authors: Roda Amy , Nachman Gösta , Scheiner Katrina , Carrillo Daniel 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The flat mite, Brevipalpus yothersi (Baker, 1949) is widely distributed in the southern United States. This mite is associated with a citrus leprosis virus ((CiLV-C2) Cilevirus colombiaense strain hibiscus) infecting ornamental hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis) in Florida and Hawaii. Because hibiscus is a highly traded ornamental plant, CiLV-C2 has the potential to spread. In laboratory experiments, the abundance and distribution of B. yothersi were studied on four varieties of tropical hibiscus. Plants, grown from cuttings, were infested with female mites, and held in environmental chambers (25 °C, 75% RH). After 3 months, the plants were divided into strata representing the top, middle and bottom of the plant. All mites (including eggs) found on the leaves and woody parts (main stems and side branches) were counted, and the surface area of each part calculated. The number and surface area of leaves and woody parts varied between hibiscus varieties; however, the differences between varieties with respect to total number of mites/plant and mites/cm2 were not statistically significant. There were twice as many mites on the woody parts than on the leaves. Most mites were found in the bottom stratum of the plants, and they showed an aggregated spatial distribution. The implications of mite distributions for assessing population sizes of B. yothersi were analyzed with the purpose of optimizing sampling without damaging the plant. The efficient sampling protocol developed is an important tool for managing the vector and thereby the disease.
Architecture in school practice: possible tools for supporting spatial literacy
Authors: Strand Ingri , Nielsen Liv Merete 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLaypeople’s participation in the planning of built environments is dependent on their spatial literacy, and it is therefore important to develop this through general education. In Norway, architectural assignments in the subject of Art and crafts are aimed at enhancing spatial literacy, but not all activities are equally educative. The use of Virtual Reality (VR) can contribute to students’ understanding of and engagement with spatial properties, but few studies have been conducted at the lower secondary school level. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore how pupils in a Norwegian lower secondary school reflect upon and use floor plan drawings, digital 3D models, and VR in architectural assignments aiming to support their spatial literacy. Although VR has the potential to facilitate activities that support the pupils’ spatial literacy, the pupils in this study tended to use VR to a lesser extent, mostly towards the end of their projects. We suggest that the finished look of the VR visualisations, conceptualised herein as ‘perceived finishedness’, may have contributed to this. This highlights the use of VR as a visualisation tool rather than a design process tool.
A Bayesian model for portfolio decisions based on debiased and regularized expert predictions
Authors: Heikkinen Risto , Karvanen Juha , Miettinen Kaisa 
Published: December 2024

AbstractExpert predictions of future returns are one source of information for educated stock portfolio decisions. Many models for the mathematical aggregation of expert predictions assume unbiased predictions, but in reality, human predictions tend to include biases, and experts’ competence may vary. We propose a Bayesian aggregation model that includes a regularization process to eliminate the influence of experts who have not yet shown competence. The model also includes a debiasing process that fits a linear model to predicted and realized returns. We applied the proposed model to real experts’ stock return predictions of 177 companies in the S&P500 index in 37 industries. We assumed that the decision-maker allocates capital between the industry index and the most promising stock within the industry with the Kelly criterion. We also conducted a simulation study to learn the model’s performance in different conditions and with larger data. With both the real and simulated data, the proposed model generated higher capital growth than a model that ignores differences between experts. These results indicate the usefulness of regularizing incompetent experts. Compared to an index investor, the capital growth was almost identical with real data but got higher when applied only to industries that were estimated to have multiple competent experts. The simulation study confirmed that more than two competent experts are necessary for the outstanding performance of the presented model.
Beyond the urban shift: towards a relational degrowth spatial politics
Authors: Varvarousis A. , Kallis G. , Catanneo C. , Sekulova F. , Tsagkari M. , Slamersak A. , Conde M. , Dalisa G. , Hanacek K. , Roy B. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDegrowth is coming of age, and its analysis of what can be called degrowth spatial politics is advancing rapidly. In this article, we attempt to unravel the history of spatial thought in the degrowth literature to reveal its tendencies, tipping points, and blank spots. We argue that the more recent degrowth spatial literature overly focuses on the big urban scale by reversing what has purportedly been one of the weak spots of degrowth scholarship: its focus and preference for small-scale, relocalization, and decentralized communities. While we see the merit of this shift, first, we try to contextualize it in the broader sustainability discourse, and second, we contend that it has not been without problems and omissions. We see three predicaments stemming from it: first, a deficit of the degrowth spatial literature in recognizing and engaging with unsustainable rural transformations such as rural depopulation and shrinkage, as well as rural dispossession and depeasantisation. Second, a difficulty to account for urban and rural interconnectedness and engage with new epistemological frames that emerge in urban studies, such as planetary urbanization. Third, the urban shift may affect the capacity of degrowth to remain pluriversal, anti-colonial, and grassroots-fueled, or what Chertkovskaya et al. (Towards a political economy of degrowth. Rowman & Littlefield, 2019. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=PuXaDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=info:c45bQLgYCfYJ:scholar.google.com&ots=5LsDF9Y_Er&sig=buZn4ogpUN4octi3_WFJf1mO9Lg) called nomadic utopianism. Finally, in the concluding part, we set the stepstones for a relational degrowth spatial politics, focusing on a solidary connection of space and place across the urban and rural and in multiple scales. This approach avoids the pitfalls of both degrowth proposals for relocalization and those who put excessive trust in urban transformations alone.
From the Passivation Layer on Aluminum to Lithium Anode in Batteries
Authors: Qi Yue , Liu Jialin , Feng Min , Tantratian Karnpiwat , Chen Lei , Xiao Xingcheng , Sachdev Anil K. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractMany low-density metals are also reactive. This article draws inspiration from the passivation oxide layer formed on aluminum to the design of electrochemically stable surface layers on lithium metal electrodes in batteries. First, reactive molecular dynamics simulations are used to compare the oxide layer formation on lithium and aluminum metal surfaces. While a uniform dense aluminum oxide layer forms on aluminum, vertical cracks in the lithium oxide layer lead to a deformed lithium oxide layer. These observations are consistent with the empirical Pilling–Bedworth Ratio (PBR) that uses the molar volume ratio of oxide to metal to determine whether a metal is likely to passivate in dry air by creating a protective oxide layer. A passivation layer needs to form on the lithium metal surface in the presence of electrolytes. The PBR concept is thus extended to the multiple compounds found in the spontaneously formed solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). It is suggested that a mixture of LiF/Li2CO3 or LiF/Li2O or replacing Li2O with Li2S can effectively create a PBR that is in the 1 to 1.3 range for better passivation. While these analyses are consistent with some experimental evidence, a seeding layer concept is proposed to further prevent dendrite growth and simplify the battery manufacturing process. The role of metallic nanoparticles in the metal–carbon nanocomposite seeding layer to control lithium nucleation and growth is investigated by an atomically informed phase field model (AI-PFM). The model predicts the formation of a Li-rich phase with Ag nanoparticles but non-uniform lithium metal nucleation on Au nanoparticles, showing the AI-PFM model to be a desired design tool to evaluate which metallic nanoparticles can be used to control the Li deposition morphology. These results collectively emphasize the need for highly coupled electrochemical–mechanical modeling to solve the challenges of designing a multifunctional passivation layer for metal electrodes in batteries.
A survey of dynamic graph neural networks
Authors: Zheng Yanping , Yi Lu , Wei Zhewei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGraph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for effectively mining and learning from graph-structured data, with applications spanning numerous domains. However, most research focuses on static graphs, neglecting the dynamic nature of real-world networks where topologies and attributes evolve over time. By integrating sequence modeling modules into traditional GNN architectures, dynamic GNNs aim to bridge this gap, capturing the inherent temporal dependencies of dynamic graphs for a more authentic depiction of complex networks. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the fundamental concepts, key techniques, and state-of-the-art dynamic GNN models. We present the mainstream dynamic GNN models in detail and categorize models based on how temporal information is incorporated. We also discuss large-scale dynamic GNNs and pre-training techniques. Although dynamic GNNs have shown superior performance, challenges remain in scalability, handling heterogeneous information, and lack of diverse graph datasets. The paper also discusses possible future directions, such as adaptive and memory-enhanced models, inductive learning, and theoretical analysis.
Epistemic Environmentalism and Autonomy: The Case of Conceptual Engineering
Authors: Kitsik Eve 
Published: December 2024

AbstractI will clarify when and how a tension arises between epistemic environmentalism (a new focus on assessing and improving the epistemic environment) and respect for epistemic autonomy (allowing, empowering, and requiring people to each govern their own beliefs). Using the example of participatory conceptual engineering (improving the linguistic environment through rational discussion with broad participation), I will also identify an option for avoiding the tension—namely, participatory environmentalism. This means a new focus on how people can each contribute to improving the shared epistemic environment through rational deliberation and thereby govern their own beliefs that are shaped by that environment.
The Interaction between International and Domestic Law, Aqua Nullius, and Water-mediated Claims in Canada
Authors: Dzah Godwin E.K. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Water-mediated claims in both international law and domestic law are often framed around, or adjudicated based on land-centred principles. In Canada, too, such claims tend to be judicially assessed through land-centric concepts. This approach has significant implications for Indigenous law and related claims to water-mediated spaces. It also has consequences for both international law and domestic law, particularly with respect to how aqua nullius and similar Eurocentric concepts are disguised and used in settler-colonial states like Canada. Accordingly, this article urges a critical engagement with Indigenous law and similar cosmologies on water in a manner that foregrounds the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP) and in re-reading how the UNDRIP is incorporated and implemented in Canada.
A head-to-head comparison of the accuracy of commercially available large language models for infection prevention and control inquiries, 2024
Authors: Abosi Oluchi J , Kobayashi Takaaki , Ross Natalie , Trannel Alexandra , Rodriguez Nava Guillermo , Salinas Jorge L. , Brust Karen 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We investigated the accuracy and completeness of four large language model (LLM) artificial intelligence tools. Most LLMs provided acceptable answers to commonly asked infection prevention questions (accuracy 98.9%, completeness 94.6%). The use of LLMs to supplement infection prevention consults should be further explored.
Developing biomarkers to estimate manure ammonia emissions from dairy cattle
Authors: Song Yumeng , Bai Mei , Chen Deli , Khanaki Hassan , Cheng Long 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis research aimed to develop biomarkers for estimating ammonia (NH3) emissions from dairy cattle manure over a 15-day in vitro incubation system. To generate different levels of NH3 emissions, the experiment utilized four manure experimental groups: 1 urinary nitrogen (U) to 1 faecal nitrogen (F) ratio (CT), 2 U to 1 F ratio (2U1F), and CT and 2U1F with lignite application (CT + L and 2U1F + L, respectively). The addition of lignite to ruminant manure aimed to enhance environmental sustainability through its beneficial properties. Three biomarkers, nitrogen (N) isotopic fractionation (δ15N), N: potassium (K) ratio, and N: phosphorus (P) ratio, were investigated. Manure δ15N increased linearly when NH3 emission increased in CT and 2U1F groups (R2 = 0.79 and 0.90, respectively; P ≤ 0.001), while manure N: P decreased when NH3 emission increased in CT + L and 2U1F + L groups (R2 = 0.73 and 0.85, respectively; P ≤ 0.001). No useful relationship was found between N: K and NH3 emission, apart from in 2U1F group (R2 = 0.84; P ≤ 0.001). The experiment found manure δ15N and N: P are complementary biomarkers to predict NH3 emissions, from non-lignite and lignite groups, respectively.