bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The additive technology to obtain a three-dimensional model of the 81Cu-19Ni alloy
Authors: Baraz V R , Gerasimov S S , Gruzdeva I A , Shveikin V P , Chemesova A V , Ovchinnikova A O , Veretennikova I A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the selective laser smelting (SLS) method description for the article made of powder of a Cu81-Ni19 copper-nickel alloy and the study of the structure and characteristics of the three-dimensional article made using additive technology. To make a 3D model the copper-nickel alloy powder was produced in our laboratory. The chemical composition, microstructure, density, surface roughness and microhardness of an article made of powders of a Cu81-Ni19 copper-nickel alloy are considered. A comparative analysis of the structure, physical and mechanical properties of a sample obtained by the SLS method and the annealed rolled plate was carried out. The article microstructure is characterized by the absence of a typical signs of a crystalline structure and contains elements of a quasi-amorphous state. At the same time, the obtained material differs from the standard monolith billet with a lower surface roughness and a higher hardness values while maintaining almost the same density indices.
Tribological tests of the improved piston mechanism of the axial piston hydraulic machine
Authors: Stazhkov S , Kuzmin A , Elchinskiy V , Yakovenko N 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Axial-piston hydraulic swash plate machines are widely applied in positive displacement hydraulic drives of various purposes. Such drives are highly energy-intensive and have a relatively small control range due to the presence of a large dead-band, which limits their use in reverse action systems. To reduce the dead-band, an improved axial-piston hydraulic swash plate machine was designed. The decrease of the dead-band is achieved by reducing the friction forces in the piston mechanism. This article presents the results of comparative tribological tests of a standard and improved piston mechanisms. The experimental research was conducted in terms of reducing the friction forces in the piston mechanism and their effect on the moment of starting of the hydraulic machine. It was revealed that the use of the improved piston mechanism allows to increase the useful force of the piston up to 20 % in the motor mode and to reduce the dead band by 1.6 times when switching to the pump mode.
Review of the features of augmented reality application in the training of operators and maintenance staff
Authors: Byvaltsev S V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
An overview of the use of augmented reality technology used to improve the training efficiency of operators and service personnel in the industry is presented. When considering the issues of building augmented reality systems, it was noted that in addition to technological issues, it is also essential to pay increased attention to the social aspect, especially if it is intended to apply augmented reality technology in multiplayer mode. A common environment in the interaction of several participants can disrupt the sense of identity of users, as well as potentially threaten the feeling of personal space and the sensation of physical objects. It is necessary to take into account the cognitive load theory and the schematic theoretical model of concreteness fading. The advantage of using augmented reality is to reduce human errors and improve the quality of training. For the use of augmented reality in the absence of a reliable network connection and the availability of only short communication sessions, the use of special tickets is proposed.
Multi-criteria optimization of metal pressure processes using experiment planning methods
Authors: Byvaltsev S V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The main task of designing a technology of metal processing by pressure is accurate prediction and ensuring the desired properties of the finished product. However, they often encounter a situation when it is impossible to simultaneously ensure the optimal value of all process parameters and the resulting properties of the finished product. In this case, it is necessary to make an informed decision regarding the assignment of certain numerical values of these parameters. This article proposes to use the mathematical apparatus of experimental planning methods to implement multi-criteria optimization of metal pressure processes. Applying of correlation analysis, function of desirability and a priori ranking by the example of optimization of parameters of the process of hydromechanical extrusion of hard-to-deform alloys is shown. Results of multi-criteria optimization of the process of hydromechanical extrusion of bar blanks from aluminum alloy AMg5 (analog of Al-5056) with the purpose of minimizing the extrusion force, deformation non-uniformity and damage index of the resulting product are presented.
Increase in linear motion steadiness of tractor-trailers using stabilizing towing couplers
Authors: Stroganov Y N , Pampura E M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Travelling at higher speeds over any type of roads could disturb the stability of motion, which is manifested through lateral oscillations of the trailer in a horizontal plane – trailer wobbling. This research is aimed at building a mathematical model of tractor-trailer motion affected by the external action of lateral forces and estimating how efficient stabilizing couplers could be. A «double pendulum» design diagram is used to build the model. It is shown that the stability of motion is impacted at most by the ratio of the inertia radius (relative to the vertical axis passing through the center of gravity) to the base of the trailer, which depends on the type of cargo, its distribution within the trailer body, the heterogeneity of the cargo material and so on. It is demonstrated that the critical velocity of a trailer would increase when stabilizers are used. Changing the design of the trailer should also positively affect the stability of a tractor-trailer due to faster and more efficient damping of lateral oscillations impacting its movement.
Study of the influence of the design of the turning tool on the removal of thermal energy from the cutting zone
Authors: Liberman Y L , Lukinskikh S V , Smirnov A V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this work, we performed a study and developed the design of through-cutters that provide accelerated heat removal from the cutting zone with external turning. Using SolidWorks Simulation engineering analysis and SolidWorks Flow Simulation gas-hydrodynamic analysis modules as a research tool, we created a basic 3D model of a precast cutter and carried out a thermal analysis of the transition process to determine the distribution of temperature fields in the body of the cutter throughout time during the cutting process. After that, we made changes to the design of the cutter, specifically, created a cavity in the holder body in which the copper core was placed. We then re-performed the studies described above, which showed that when using a copper core, the temperature in the cutting zone decreases by 246 °C within 15 minutes from the start of the work. To obtain a greater effect, we added a hole in the copper core and used air cooling, which allowed reducing the temperature in the cutting zone by 313 °C.
Using of polymeric materials to defeat of lightly armored and easily vulnerable targets. Mathematical modeling
Authors: Khmelnikov E A , Smagin K V , Zavodova T E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the possibility of increasing the damaging effects of small-caliber artillery ammunition in the fuel tanks of aircraft and helicopters. A comparison of the results of the calculation of the probability of the incendiary effect of strikers based on fluoropolymers on diesel fuel was made. The calculations of the probabilities of fuel ignition by the method of ‘Fragmented criterion’. As a result of the calculations, it was revealed that this method is not suitable for this type of problem statement. A combined methodology has been developed for calculating the probability of fuel ignition, taking into account the ongoing chemical reaction between fluoropolymers and aluminum. All components of the passing heat release process are taken into account - the impactor deformation energy, the impactor braking energy in the fuel, the chemical energy of the reaction undergoing. The energy of the ongoing chemical reaction was taken into account using thermochemistry methods.
Deep drawing failure modes
Authors: Nezamaev AV , Karzhavin V V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we have presented various technological process conditions leading to the damage of workpieces or the manufacture of low-quality pieces during deep drawing of metal sheets. All the conditions, resulting in failure modes, have been included in the general classification. According to this classification, there are three main directions of potential failures: complete or partial fracture, buckling or wrinkling, and surface damage. The rigorous relations between production parameters and possible negative consequences have been also given. For the first time, the different aspects of such an issue have been considered together. Thus, we have takenthe first steps towards creating a reliable system for assessing the risk of complex failures in obtaining deep-drawn products (caused by the impact of several reasons at the same time).Having developed this system, we wouldfacilitate the advancement of deep drawing technology and it might well open up new horizons for the deep-drawn products of unrivalled quality without rejections, equipment breakdown, emergency downtime, etc.
Foundry production digitalization
Authors: Gruzman V M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Domestic companies upgrade their production facilities as it is an imperative of the economy changing over to a new technological mode right now. Industrial companies use more automation and robotization of production, and the level of digital intellectualization is growing. Introduced into technological processes, digital technologies save time and costs of production and reduce the human factor effect. Foundry industry is no exception. The authors suggest considering a foundry process as a set of stages: designing and manufacturing casting models, preparation of charge materials, preparation of initial molding materials, smelting, mixing, casting metal in ladles, mold manufacturing, pouring smelt in mold, knocking castings out of mold, stumping and cleaning of castings, heat treatment of castings, quality inspection of castings. The article organizes information about the digital technologies used at each of the selected stages of the foundry castings by pouring the melt into sand molds. The application of computer technology, digital devices, and software is considered in detail at the stages of the casting model design, charging and molding materials preparation, sand mold manufacturing and casting quality inspection. Digital technologies optimize production, save time and costs.
Possibilities of information technologies application to production problems solving by math modeling methods
Authors: Gruzman V M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Nowadays there exist a great number of program packages, allowing solution of common tasks of automation of the math modeling. Industries with their specific features may demand particular approaches to solving their problems. Modern information technologies allow development of a special application software for processing a specific task in such cases. The article suggests a description of a general architecture concept of the application software, which can automate tasks of the math modeling to solve different issues related to the industrial production. It describes a detailed algorithm of data processing in such a product using the capabilities of the information technologies. The capabilities of such an application software are shown in the example of preliminary draft model design of large pouring ladle stopper durability. The results that have been achieved with the help of the extemporized model allow making a conclusion that a model that has been built by the same techniques based on an annual scope of collected information will make it possible to get reliable answers for the tasks of production management.
Investigation of skew piercing and upsetting effect on wheel steel mechanical properties
Authors: Fomin A V , Romanenko V P , Nikulin A N , Sevastjyanov A A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The article states the results of the investigation of the skew piercing effect on the wheel steel mechanical properties. The comparative analysis is based on the comparison of mechanical properties of wheel steel samples manufactured by upsetting and heat treatment of the initial cast billets (option 1) and samples preliminarily pierced using the skew rolling mill with the extrusion ratio of µ ≈ 1.49 and feed angle of 12°, upset and heat treated (option 2). The values of elongation/contraction ratios of the samples made from solid workpieces are in the range 13.8–15/28–32%, and of hollow workpieces 14.2–15.8/26–32.9%. Strength properties of the wheel steel (for 1 and 2 variants) meet the requirements. The greatest differences in the properties of wheel steel of both variants were obtained during toughness tests. Toughness value of the wheel steel samples obtained by piercing, upsetting and subsequent heat treatment is ∼2.5 times higher in both tangential and radial directions than the toughness of samples obtained only by upsetting and heat treatment. It is shown that piercing of workpieces in a screw rolling mill increases the toughness without reducing the strength properties, which may be due to intense shear deformations causing the processing of the cast macrostructure and the formation of a spiral-shaped grain structure.
Corporate culture as one of the key factors of effective industrial enterprise development
Authors: Putilova E A , Shutaleva A V 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe article is focused on the investigation of the impact the corporate culture makes on industrial enterprise development. It demonstrates that the formation of the corporate culture principles contributes to raising the level of staff involvement, its labor activity performance, maintaining and reproduction of human capital assets of an enterprise. Investments in the development of corporate culture are considered as an alternative to traditional methods of increasing the efficiency of an enterprise in an uncertain economic environment. Corporate culture development, which involves a commitment to raising the level of knowledge, innovativeness and organization, has a positive effect on the performance and efficiency of the entire company, and aids in the regulation of internal labor relations, preventing potential critical situations. The introduction and development of corporate culture, which includes a certain system of values and behaviors, in modern domestic industrial enterprises is becoming a necessity. The application of the principles and values of corporate culture leads to the long-term success of an industrial enterprise.
Automated tool support system of a large machine-building enterprise
Authors: Bogoyavlensky A , Sirotyuk A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The importance of proper organization of the enterprise’s tool supply increases with the increase in its size and significantly affects the efficiency of the main production. The success of the entire enterprise, the quality of products, the rhythm of work and profitability largely depend on the correct organization of the tool supply. The main tasks of the tool supply: timely and uninterrupted provision of workshops and workplaces of the main production with high-quality technological equipment and tools (cutting, measuring, auxiliary tools); improving the quality of equipment and organizing its rational operation; reducing the cost of manufacturing, purchasing, storing and operating equipment; organization of sharpening and restoration of the tool. An automated system is required to solve all tasks related to control and management of the company’s tool supply. This article discusses the construction of a unified tool support system for a large enterprise and the results achieved by the authors on its development.
Influence of thermal oxidation on the properties of titanium alloys
Authors: Golubev V I , Medison V V , Pastukhov D S , Pegashkin V F 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this study, the effect of thermal oxidation on the properties of the surface of titanium alloys was examined. Thermal oxidation was carried out at 750 °C within 6 hours, 800 °C within 5 hours, and 850 °C within 4 hours. Electrical resistance of the surface after thermal oxidation was measured. Metallographic analysis, microprobe analysis and X-ray phase analysis were carried out to determine the structure, chemical and phase compound of the oxide layer on the surface of titanium alloys after thermal oxidation. The results indicate that thermal oxidation leads to increase of electrical resistance of the surface of titanium alloys. Microstructural analysis showed that thickness of the oxide layer after thermal oxidation is in the range of 25 to 100 μm. Microprobe and X-ray phase analysis showed that TiO2 and Al2O3 oxides have the best impact on electrical resistance. Two variants of possible application of the results have been presented.
Optimization of roll calibration for flange shape rolling. Groove space
Authors: Shvarts D L , Mikhaylenko A M , Ustinova E I 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The most important component of any rolling mill is the calibration of the rolls. The ability to obtain a finished product of high quality at minimal cost depends on the right calibration. According to the previous experience and practice a large number of different calibrations for the flange profiles production are known. The universal ‘concept of two-stage optimization’, consisting of two successively carried out optimization stages developed in the Department of Metal Forming of the Ural Federal University in relation to optimization of the roll calibration for flange shape rolling is considered in this article. Common features of these shapes classification and their variation levels are identified and justified. This developed classification structure is the basis for the formation of spaces of groove schemes, due to which the groove space is formed. In the software implementation the groove space is represented as a ‘groove database’. In the future this database will be used to form the space of calibration schemes that are fundamentally suitable for these shapes rolling.
Application of laser interferometry to analyze cutting tool state during machining
Authors: Efimovich I A , Zolotukhin I S 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The efficiency of a cutting tool can be enhanced through stress–strain and temperature studies. Existing mathematical methods implement simplified boundary conditions, and experimental methods that are either inapplicable to real working conditions or lack the necessary accuracy. This study aims to develop novel experimental methods for stress–strain and temperature field analyses. The approaches entail recording the side deformation fields of the cutting tool by laser interferometry during its operation, separating the deformation fields caused by the cutting forces and heating, as well as calculating the stress–strain and temperature fields using the Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and coefficient of linear thermal expansion of the tool material. The advantages of these methods include their applicability under real cutting conditions and the possibility to study the stress–strain and temperature fields of a tool during non-stationary operation by high-speed video recording. The study proves the efficiency of the proposed methods by the orthogonal machining of difficult-to-cut steel disc using a cemented carbide tool with positive rake angle. As a result, the temperature and principal stress fields in the tool were determined. Developed methods can help in the study of cutting tool efficiency.
Optimization of alternate profile component part machining
Authors: Borshova L V , Pegashkin V F 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Process optimization for machining of component parts with the profile alternate by the length has been reviewed here. The review deals with the optimization criteria applied and shows that the optimization of machining modes normally uses a criterion of cost-effectiveness, which is most often used in up-to-date technologies. With reference to specific organizational and economic conditions at companies of the industry, it is shown that power saving may become a priority when standardizing modes of machining. The power consumption pattern for the cutting process is reviewed. A variable energy value is proposed as an optimality criterion, which depends on parameters optimized i.e. – technological energy. Mathematical models are defined for the optimality criterion and limiting parameters that allow reducing energy consumption of the machining process. Calculations carried out according to the proposed methodology have shown that when the machine electric motor power is above 13.5 kW, work in the energy-saving mode becomes economically viable. Energy savings reach 10 %, while the main time increases by an average of 10%, but the reduction in costs associated with a decrease in energy consumption is 4 times higher than the increase in costs due to an increase in the main time.
Associations of Body Composition and Physical Activity Level With Multiple Measures of Epigenetic Age Acceleration
Authors: Kresovich Jacob K , Garval Emma L , Martinez Lopez Alexandra M , Xu Zongli , Niehoff Nicole M , White Alexandra J , Sandler Dale P , Taylor Jack A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Epigenetic clocks use DNA methylation to estimate biological age. Whether body composition and physical activity are associated with these clocks is not well understood. Using blood samples collected at enrollment (2003–2009) from 2,758 women in the US nationwide Sister Study, we calculated 6 epigenetic age acceleration metrics using 4 epigenetic clocks (Hannum, Horvath, PhenoAge, GrimAge). Recreational physical activity was self-reported, and adiposity measures were assessed by trained medical examiners (body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WtH), waist circumference). In cross-sectional analyses, all adiposity measures were associated with epigenetic age acceleration. The strongest association was for BMI and PhenoAge, a measure of biological age that correlates with chronic disease (BMI of ≥35.0 vs. 18.5–24.9, β = 3.15 years, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.41, 3.90; P for trend &lt; 0.001). In a mutual-adjustment model, both were associated with PhenoAge age acceleration (BMI of ≥35.0 vs. 18.5–24.9, β = 2.69 years, 95% CI: 1.90, 3.48; P for trend &lt; 0.001; quartile 4 vs.1 WtH, β = 1.00 years, 95% CI: 0.34, 1.65; P for trend &lt; 0.008). After adjustment, physical activity was associated only with GrimAge (quartile 4 vs. 1, β = −0.42 years, 95% CI: −0.70, −0.14; P for trend = 0.001). Physical activity attenuated the waist circumference associations with PhenoAge and GrimAge. Excess adiposity was associated with epigenetic age acceleration; physical activity might attenuate associations with waist circumference.
Learning block structures in U-statistic-based matrices
Authors: Zhang Weiping , Jin Baisuo , Bai Zhidong 
Published: November 2020

SummaryWe introduce a conceptually simple, efficient and easily implemented approach for learning the block structure in a large matrix. Using the properties of U-statistics and large-dimensional random matrix theory, the group structure of many variables can be directly identified based on the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the scaled sample matrix. We also establish the asymptotic properties of the proposed approach under mild conditions. The finite-sample performance of the approach is examined by extensive simulations and data examples.