bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability and Behavior in Carbonate Cores for New Enhanced-Oil-Recovery Polymers at Elevated Temperatures in Hard Saline Brines
Authors: Seright Randall S. , Wavrik Kathryn E. , Zhang Guoyin , AlSofi Abdulkareem M. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThe goal of this work was to identify viable polymers for use in the polymer flooding of high-temperature carbonate reservoirs with hard, saline brines. This study extensively examined recent enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) polymers for stability, including new 2-acrylamido-tertbutylsulfonic acid (ATBS) polymers with a high degree of polymerization, scleroglucan, n-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP)-based polymers, and hydrophobic associative polymers. For each polymer, stability experiments were performed over a 2-year period under oxygen-free conditions (less than 1 ppb) at various temperatures up to 180°C in brines with total dissolved solids (TDS) ranging from 0.69 to 24.4%, including divalent cations from 0.034 to 2.16%. Use of the Arrhenius analysis was a novel feature of this work. This rarely used method allows a relatively rapid assessment of the long-term stability of EOR polymers. Rather than wait years or decades for results from conventional stability studies at the reservoir temperature, reliable estimates of the time-temperature stability relations were obtained within 2 years. Arrhenius analysis was used to project polymer-viscosity half-lives at the target reservoir temperature of 99°C. The analysis suggests that a set of ATBS polymers will exhibit a viscosity half-life over 5 years at 120°C and over 50 years at 99°C, representing a novel finding of this work and a major advance for extending polymer flooding to higher temperatures.For five polymers that showed potential for application at higher temperatures, corefloods were performed under anaerobic conditions. Another novel feature of this work was that anaerobic floods were performed without using chemical oxygen scavengers, chemical stabilizing packages, or chelating agents (that are feared to alter rock properties). Using carbonate cores and representative conditions, corefloods were performed to evaluate polymer retention, rheology in porous media, susceptibility to mechanical degradation, and the residual resistance factor for each of the polymers at 99°C.
Transcriptome analysis provides insights into the non-methylated lignin synthesis in Paphiopedilum armeniacum seed
Authors: fang lin , Xu Xin , Li Ji , Zheng Feng , Li Mingzhi , Yan Jingwei , Li Yuan , Zhang Xinhua , Li Lin , Ma Guohua , Zhang Aying , Lv Fubin , Wu Kunlin , Zeng Songjun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds: Paphiopedilum is an important genus of the orchid family Orchidaceae and has high horticultural value. The wild populations are under threat of extinction because of overcollection and habitat destruction. Mature seeds of most Paphiopedilum species are difficult to germinate, which severely restricts their germplasm conservation and commercial production. The factors inhibiting germination are largely unknown.Results: In this study, large amounts of non-methylated lignin accumulated during seed maturation of Paphiopedilum armeniacum (P. armeniacum), which negatively correlates with the germination rate. The transcriptome profiles of P. armeniacum seed at different development stages were compared to explore the molecular clues for non-methylated lignin synthesis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that a large number of genes associated with phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and phenylalanine metabolism during seed maturation were differentially expressed. Several key genes in the lignin biosynthetic pathway displayed different expression patterns during the lignification process. PAL, 4CL, HCT, and CSE upregulation was associated with C and H lignin accumulation. The expression of CCoAOMT, F5H, and COMT were maintained at a low level or down-regulated to inhibit the conversion to the typical G and S lignin. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis confirmed the altered expression levels of these genes in seeds and vegetative tissues. Conclusions: This work demonstrated the plasticity of natural lignin polymer assembly in seed and provided a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of seed-specific lignification process.
Tumor necrosis as a poor prognostic predictor on postoperative survival of patients with solitary small hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ling Yi-hong , Chen Jie-wei , Wen Shi-hong , Huang Chao-yun , Li Peng , Lu Liang-he , Mei Jie , Li Shao-hua , Wei Wei , Cai Muyan , Guo Rong-ping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Small hepatocellular carcinoma (sHCC) is a special subtype of HCC with the maximum tumor diameter ≤ 3 cm and favorable long-term outcomes. Surgical resection or radiofrequency ablation offer the greatest chance for cure; however, many patients still undergo tumor recurrence after primary treatment. So far, there is no clinical applicable method to assess biological aggressiveness in solitary sHCC. Methods: In the present study, we retrospectively evaluated tumor necrosis of 335 patients with solitary sHCC treated with hepatectomy between December 1998 and 2010 from Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. Results: In the current study, the presence of tumor necrosis was observed in 157 of 335 (46.9%). Further correlation analysis showed that the presence of tumor necrosis in sHCC was significantly correlated with tumor size and vascular invasion (P = 0.026, 0.003, respectively). The presence of tumor necrosis was associated closely with poorer cancer-specific overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) as evidenced by univariate (P < 0.001;hazard ratio, 2.821; 95% CI, 1.643-4.842) and multivariate analysis (P = 0.005; hazard ratio, 2.208; 95% CI, 1.272-3.833). More importantly, the combined model by tumor necrosis, vascular invasion and tumor size can significantly stratify the risk for RFS and OS and improve the ability to discriminate sHCC patients’ outcomes (P < 0.0001 for both). Conclusions: Our findings provide evidence that tumor necrosis has the potential to be a parameter for cancer aggressiveness in solitary sHCC. The combined prognostic model may be a useful tool for identifying solitary sHCC patients with worse outcomes.
Aerobic physical activity and muscle-strengthening exercise guideline adherence in Germany: findings from a national sample of 24,016 adults
Authors: Bennie Jason , Cocker Katrien De , Tittlbach Susanne 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background The German ‘National Recommendations for Physical Activity and Physical Activity Promotion’ state that adults (≥18 years) should engage in: [i] ≥150 minutes of aerobic moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity/week (MVPA); and [ii] ≥2 days/week of muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE). However, there is limited research on the adherence to these guidelines among German adults. The present purpose was to describe the prevalence and correlates of physical activity guideline adherence among a nationally representative sample of German adults. Methods Data were drawn from the 2014 German Health Update survey, collected via a combination of web-based and mail surveys. Self-reported physical activity levels were assessed using the previously validated European Health Interview Survey Physical Activity Questionnaire. Weighted prevalence levels of the sample meeting the aerobic MVPA (≥150 minutes/week), MSE (≥2 times/week) and combined MVPA-MSE guidelines were calculated. Poisson regressions were used to assess prevalence ratios for physical activity guideline adherence categories across sociodemographic (age, sex, socioeconomic status) and lifestyle-related (self-rated health, BMI) variables. Results Out of 24,016 participants (response rate = 27.6%), aged ≥18 years, 45.3% (95% CI: 44.5-46.0%), 29.4% (95% CI: 28.7-30.1%) and 22.6% (95% CI: 21.9-23.2%) met the aerobic MVPA, MSE and combined guidelines, respectively. Population sub-groups independently less likely to meet the combined guidelines included those with poor self-rated health, low socioeconomic status and those being overweight or obese. Conclusions As almost 80% of German adults do not meet the nationally recommended combined aerobic MVPA-MSE physical activity guidelines, there is a necessity for large-scale public health interventions promoting both aerobic MVPA and MSE.
TANA: efficient approach for predicting protein functions by transferring annotation via alignment networks
Authors: DJEDDI Warith Eddine , YAHIA Sadok BEN , NGUIFO Engelbert MEPHU 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: One of the challenges of the post-genomic era is to provide accurate function annotations for orphan and unannotated protein sequences. With the recent availability of huge PPI networks for many model species, the computational methods revealed a great requirement to elucidate protein function based on many strategies. In this respect, most computational approaches integrate diverse kinds of functional interactions to unveil protein functions by transferring annotations across different species by relying on a similar sequence, structure 2D/3D, amino acid patterns of phylogenetic profiles. Results: In this work, we introduce a new approach, called TANA, for inferring protein functions. The main originality of the introduced approach stands on the function prediction for the unannotated protein by transferring annotation via a network alignment as well as from the direct interaction neighborhood within their PPI networks. In doing so, we are able to discover the functions of proteins that could not be easily described by sequence homology. We assess the performance of our approach using the standard metrics established by the CAFA challenge and highlight a sharp significant improvement over other competitive methods, in particular for predicting molecular functions and cellular components. Conclusions: This research is one of the first attempts that combine sequence and networks-multiple-alignment-based function prediction approaches. We have been able to assess the accuracy of the prediction using pairwise and multiple alignment of the PPI networks for the compared species. Therefore, we recommend using different strategies (i.e. pairwise, multiple, with/without neighborhood networks) especially in situations where the functions of the protein are not known beforehand
Experience of Management of Anorexia Nervosa Patients With Extremely Severe Malnutrition In A Transdisciplinary Eating Disorders Inpatient Unit
Authors: Guinhut Marie , Melchior Jean-Claude , Godart Nathalie , Hanachi Mouna 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: We describe a transdisciplinary medical unit, referral center for the management of anorexia nervosa (AN) adult patients with extremely severe malnutrition. Method: History, organization and activity of the unit are described. Characteristics of all adult AN patients admitted for the first time in the unit between November 1997 and January 2014 and medical care provided are detailed, before discussing the value of such a unit.Results: The unit was established as an independent department in 1997 and has 180 to 200 admissions per year. The patients hospitalized in the department are clinically serious and unstable because of life-threatening somatic complications due to a low BMI (< 13 kg/m²). They are referred on criteria of somatic severity. They often had multiple hospitalizations in other acute care hospitals before being supported in the unit. Among a cohort of 386 adult AN patients admitted for the first time in the unit, mean age was 29.4 (± 11.5) years, mean BMI was 12.7 (± 2.2) kg/m² and 78.2% of patients had already been hospitalized in other hospitals. Intensive medical care, both somatic and psychiatric, are provided thanks to a transdisciplinary therapeutic program, where objectives are to optimize care and enable a therapeutic alliance between patient and caregiver, The goals of treatment are to medically stabilize the patient, to initiate progressive refeeding and to start supportive psychotherapy before being transferred to a psychiatric eating disorder unit.Conclusion: This specialized transdisciplinary unit where physician nutritionists and psychiatrists coordinate medical care together, allow a better understanding and management of extreme malnutrition associated with AN. Thanks to their expertise, care teams are less critical and less rejecting towards patients. Thus, therapeutic alliance could be optimized.
Parental mental health conditions and use of healthcare services in children the first year of life – a register-based, nationwide study
Authors: Heuckendorff Signe , Johansen Martin Nygård , Johnsen Søren Paaske , Overgaard Charlotte , Fonager Kirsten 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Parental mental health conditions have been associated with increased morbidity and use of healthcare services in offspring. Existing studies have not examined different severities of parental mental health conditions, and the impact of paternal mental health has been overlooked.We examined the association between two severities of parental mental health conditions and use of healthcare services for children during the first year of life and explored the impact of both maternal and paternal mental health conditions. Methods This register-based cohort study included all live-born children born in Denmark from 2000-2016. Information on socioeconomics, diagnoses, drug prescriptions, and healthcare contacts was extracted from nationwide public registries. Parents were grouped according to severity of mental condition based on the place of treatment of the mental health condition. Poisson regression analyses were performed to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of contacts to general practice (GP), out-of-hour medical service, emergency room (ER), and out- and inpatient hospital contacts during the first 12 months of the child’s life.Results The analyses included 964395 children. Twenty percent of the mothers and twelve percent of the fathers were identified with mental health conditions. Paternal mental health conditions were independently associated with increased risk of infant healthcare contacts (GP IRR 1.05 (CI95% 1.04-1.05) and out-of-hour IRR 1.20 (CI95% 1.18-1.21)). Risks were higher for maternal mental health conditions (GP IRR 1.17 (CI95% 1.17-1.18) and out-of-hour IRR 1.38 (CI95% 1.37-1.37)). The risks were even higher if both parents were classified with a mental health condition (GP IRR 1.24 (CI95% 1.23-1.25) and out-of-hour contacts IRR 1.48 (CI95% 1.45-1.51)), including minor mental health condition (GP IRR 1.22 (CI95% 1.22-1.23) and out-of-hour IRR 1.37 (CI95% 1.35-1.39)). This pattern was the same for all types of healthcare contacts.Conclusions Both maternal and paternal mental health conditions, including minor mental health conditions, were associated with increased utilization of healthcare services. Focus on both parents’ mental health conditions (even if minor) may be warranted in service planning.
Modeling Count Data for Healthcare Utilization: an Empirical Study of Outpatient Visits Among Vietnamese Older People
Authors: Le Dung Duc , Leon-Gonzalez Roberto , Matola Joseph Upile 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Vietnam is undergoing an unprecedented pace of aging process and is expected to experience the fastest aging process in region. Association between increasing age and health deterioration has been well-documented across settings. Consequently, demand for healthcare utilization is rising among older people. However, healthcare utilization, here measured as count data, creates challenges for modeling because such data typically has distributions that are skewed with a large mass at zero. This study compares empirical econometric strategies for the modeling of healthcare utilization (measured as the number of outpatient visits in the last 12 months), and identifies the determinants of healthcare utilization among Vietnamese older people based on the best-fitting model identified.
Methods

Using the Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey in 2006 (N = 2426), nine econometric regression models for count data were examined to identify the best-fitting one. We used model selection criteria; statistical tests; and goodness-of-fit for in-sample model selection. In addition, we conducted 10-fold cross-validation checks to examine reliability of in-sample model selection. Finally, we utilized marginal effects to identify the factors associated with number of outpatient visits among Vietnamese older people based on the best-fitting model identified.
Results

We found strong evidence in favor of hurdle negative binomial model 2 (HNB2) for both in-sample selection and 10-fold cross-validation checks. The marginal effect results of the HNB2 showed that predisposing, enabling, need, and lifestyle factors were significantly associated with number of outpatient visits. The predicted probabilities for each count event showed the distinct trends of healthcare utilization among specific groups: at low count events, women and people in younger age group used more healthcare utilization than did men and their counterparts in older age groups, but a reversed trend was found at higher count events.
Conclusions

The findings here suggest that the HNB2 model should be considered for use in modeling counts of healthcare use. This study’s findings lay the groundwork for future research on the modeling of healthcare utilization in developing countries and those findings could be used to forecast on healthcare demand and making provisions for healthcare costs.
Comparative proteomic analysis of thick-walled ray formation of Haloxylon ammodendron in the Gurbantunggut Desert, China
Authors: Zhou Chaobin , Ding Junjie , Hu Xiaojing , Gong Wei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

The thick-walled ray cells have been reported in Haloxylon ammodendron for the first time. This study measured the wall thickness of ray cells and performed a proteomic analysis of ray cell wall formation in the xylem of H. ammodendron using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation.
Results

The wall thickness of ray cells in Jinghe (2.85 ± 0.42 µm) was significantly lower than that in Shihezi (3.08 ± 0.44 µm) (P < 0.01). In Shihezi, which has a thicker wall of ray cells than that in Jinghe, 795 differentially expressed proteins were upregulated. Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, carbon metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, metabolic pathways, etc. promote ray cell wall biosynthesis of the xylem of H. ammodendron by providing substrates or energy. During the process of cell wall biosynthesis in the xylem of H. ammodendron, the nonspecific lipid-transfer protein and beta expansin EXPB2.1 (Mirabilis jalapa] first loosens the cell wall, followed by extension and expansion, and the xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase 1 cleaves and links the xyloglucan chains. Then, photosystem I P700 apoprotein A1, reversibly glycosylated polypeptide 1 and GDP-mannose-3′, 5′-epimerase, etc., are involved in cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin biosynthesis of the cell wall by providing components or energy. Finally, the proteins in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis promote the lignification of the ray cell wall and complete the biosynthetic process of the cell wall.
Conclusions

Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, carbon metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, metabolic pathways, etc. promote ray cell wall biosynthesis of the xylem of H. ammodendron by providing substrates or energy. The results are important for improving the wood mechanical properties of timber plantations.
Bioinformatic Profiling Identifies Prognosis-Related Genes in the Immune Microenvironment of Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Cheng Pu , Ma Jiong , Zheng Xia , Zhou Chunxia , Chen Xuejun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a common malignancy of female genital system which exhibits a unique immune profile. It is a promising strategy to quantify immune patterns of EC for predicting prognosis and therapeutic efficiency. Here, we attempted to identify the possible immune microenvironment-related prognostic markers of EC. Methods: We obtained the RNA sequencing and corresponding clinical data of EC from TCGA database. Then, 3 immune scores based on the Estimation of STromal and immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm were computed. Correlation between above ESTIMATE scores and other immune-related scores, molecular subtypes, prognosis, and gene mutation status (including BRCA and TP53) were further analyzed. Afterwards, gene modules associated with the ESTIMATE scores were screened out through hierarchical clustering analysis and WGCNA. Differentially expressed analysis was performed and genes shared by the most relevant modules were found out. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was conducted to explore the biological functions of those genes. Survival analysis was carried out to identify prognostic immune-related genes and GSE17025 database was used as external dataset for further validation.Results: The immune-related scores based on ESTIMATE algorithm was closely related to the immune microenvironment of EC. 3 gene modules that had the closest correlations with 3 ESTIMATE scores were obtained. 109 immune-related genes were preliminarily found out and 29 pathways were significantly enriched, most of which were associated with immune response. Univariate survival analysis revealed that there were 14 genes positively associated wicth both OS and PFS. Among which, 11 genes showed marked correlations with ImmuneScore values in GSE17025 database.Conclusion: Our current study profiled the immune status and identified 14 novel immune-related prognostic biomarkers for EC. Our findings may help to investigate the complicated tumor microenvironment and develop novel individualized therapeutic targets for EC.
To Established Hematological Reference Intervals Among Full-Term Newborn Babies at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tiruneh Tegenaw , Kiros Teklehymanot , Getu Sisay 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Hematological reference intervals are used for medical decision tools for interpretation of numerical test results. Establishing of hematological interval among newborn babies is very important for the diagnosis of malignancy, anemia, bleeding disorders, and various infections. There is no locally established hematological reference intervals in Ethiopia. Thus the aim of this study is to established locally determined hematological reference interval among full-term newborn babies.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from February to May 2019 among 151 apparently healthy full-term newborn babies at Gondar University Hospital. About 3ml of cord blood was obtained for analysis of Hematological parameters and determined by using Sysmex KX-21N (Sysmex Corporation Kobe, Japan) automated analyzer. Median, 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles were computed. Result: Males to female’s ratio was almost equal. All hematological parameter had no statistically significant difference between males and females. The delivery types were not influenced its hematological values. Conclusion: Hematological reference interval was established from full-term newborn babies at University of Gondar hospital and was different from other studies in African and Europeans. Therefore, own determined reference value is very important for the clinicians to correctly diagnosis the patients at health facility levels.