bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Duration or Timing? What is the Optimal Core for Older Adults to Engage in Moderate-to-vigorous Physical Activity to Prevent Disability?
Authors: Lai Ting-Fu , Liao Yung , Lin Chien-Yu , Huang Wan-Chi , Hsueh Ming-Chun , Chan Ding-Cheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background The positive association between the total duration of physical activity and performances of physical function may vary at different times of the day as circadian rhythm regulates individuals in response to external stimulations. We aimed to examine the association of timing-specific and overall moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with performances of physical function in older adults. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 118 older adults (mean age = 70.0 ± 5.0 years). We assessed and identified timing-specific (morning: 06:01-12:00; afternoon: 12:01-18:00; evening: 18:01-24:00) and overall MVPA using a triaxial accelerometer. Different measures of physical function were evaluated including handgrip strength (by grip dynamometer), gait speed (five-meter walk test), basic functional mobility (timed up and go test), and lower limb strength (five times sit-to-stand test). Multivariate linear regression models adjusting for covariates were used to investigate the associations. Results Participants spent 0.4 hours in MVPA per day on average, half the time spent during the morning (47.7%), followed by during the afternoon (29.9%) and evening (21.6%). The time spent on overall MVPA was generally associated with better physical function performances. There was statistical evidence for the percentages of MVPA engagement during the morning ( B = 0.214, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.001 to 0.428) and afternoon ( B = -0.273, 95% CI -0.518 to -0.027) associated with basic functional mobility but with contrary directions; the percentage of MVPA engagement during the evening was associated with less time spent in gait speed performance ( B = -0.237, 95% CI -0.468 to -0.006). Conclusions Our findings inform implications that the overall MVPA engagement was more important than timing-specific MVPA to older adults’ physical function performances. Strategies for accumulating time of MVPA is more practical and effective than encouraging to engage MVPA in specific timing for the enhancement of functional ability and therefore prevent disability among older adults.
Association between Dyslipidemia and Glycemic control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Doya Leen Jamel , Hassan Naya Talal , Nasser Entessar , Khayat Muhammad Imad 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and dyslipidemia (DLP) are serious metabolic disorders, and its coexistence has been associated with dangerous outcomes. The purpose of the present study is to investigate dyslipidemia and their relationship with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in Type 1 diabetes mellitus patients.Methods: In a cross-sectional study design included 118 patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus aged between 5 and 13 years, who had referred to the outpatient pediatric clinic of endocrinology at Tishreen University Hospital and the Diabetic Center of Latakia, Syria, over 1 year period from October 2018 to November 2019. Anthropometric measurements; serum glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), and triglycerides(TG) were measured.Results: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between dyslipidemia with a higher mean HbA1C (p=0.0001). Also, a significant relationship was found between all lipid profiles expect HDL-C and poor glycemic control. There was no statistical relationship between dyslipidemia and age, gender, body mass index (BMI), or diabetic durationConclusion: Glycemic control plays a role as a risk factor for the development of dyslipidemia in children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
From Pan-genome to the Genomic Context of the Two Integrons of ST-111 Pseudomonas Aeruginosa AG1: A VIM-2-carrying Old-acquaintance and a Novel Imp-18-carrying Integron
Authors: Molina-Mora Jose Arturo , Batán Raquel García , García Fernando 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunist and versatile organism responsible for infections among immunocompromised hosts. This pathogen has high intrinsic resistance to most antimicrobials, including critical strains due to resistance to carbapenems, a last-resort antibiotic. P. aeruginosa AG1 (PaeAG1) is a Costa Rican high-risk ST-111 strain with resistance to multiple antibiotics, including carbapenems due to the activity of both VIM-2 and IMP-18 metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs). These genes are harbored in two class 1 integrons, belonging to one out of the 57 PaeAG1 genomic islands. However, the genomic context related to these determinants in PaeAG1 and other P. aeruginosa strains is unclear. Thus, we implemented a comparative genomic approach to define and up-date the phylogenetic relationship among complete P. aeruginosa genomes using a pan-genome analysis. We also studied the PaeAG1 genomic islands content in other strains and the architecture of genomic regions around the VIM-2- and IMP-18-carrying integrons.
Results
With 211 strains, the up-dated P. aeruginosa pan-genome revealed that complete genome sequences are able to separate clones by MLST profile (ST), including a clear ST-111 cluster with PaeAG1. The PaeAG1 genomic islands were found to define a diverse presence/absence pattern among related genomes, but content was related to phylogenetic relationships. Finally, landscape reconstruction of specific genomic regions showed that VIM-2-carrying integron (In59-like) is an old-acquaintance element harbored in a known genomic region completely found in other two ST-111 strains. In addition, PaeAG1 has an exclusive genomic region containing a novel IMP-18-carrying integron (registered as In1666), with an arrangement never reported before.
Conclusions
We provide new insights about the genomic determinants associated with the resistance to carbapenems in the high-risk PaeAG1 using comparative genomics. With the pan-genome analysis and the comparison of PaeAG1 genomic islands in other strains, it was possible to describe the genomic landscape of the two MBLs-carrying integrons, including an old-acquaintance element carrying VIM-2 and a new IMP-18-carrying integron.
Differential Expression in Leaves of Saccharum Genotypes Contrasting in Biomass Production Provides Evidence of Genes Involved in Carbon Partitioning
Authors: Correr Fernando Henrique , Hosaka Guilherme Kenichi , Barreto Fernanda Zatti , Valadão Isabella Barros , Balsalobre Thiago Willian Almeida , Furtado Agnelo , Henry Robert James , Carneiro Monalisa Sampaio , Margarido Gabriel Rodrigues Alves 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The development of biomass crops aims to meet industrial yield demands, in order to optimize profitability and sustainability. Achieving these goals in an energy crop like sugarcane relies on breeding for sucrose accumulation, fiber content and stalk number. To expand the understanding of the biological pathways related to these traits, we evaluated gene expression of two groups of genotypes contrasting in biomass composition.
Results
First visible dewlap leaves were collected from 12 genotypes, six per group, to perform RNA-SEq. We found a high number of differentially expressed genes, showing how hybridization in a complex polyploid system caused extensive modifications in genome functioning. We found evidence that the variation between these groups may be partly due to the expansion of the Saccharum genomes by differential transposition and defense related genes. Genotypes within both biomass groups showed substantial variability in genes involved in photosynthesis. However, most genes coding for photosystem components or those coding for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylases (PEPCs) were upregulated in the high biomass group. Sucrose synthase (SuSy) coding genes were upregulated in the low biomass group, showing that this enzyme class can be involved with sucrose synthesis in leaves, similarly to sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose phosphate phosphatase (SPP). Genes in pathways related to biosynthesis of cell wall components and expansins coding genes showed low average expression levels and were mostly upregulated in the high biomass group.
Conclusions
Together, these results show differences in carbohydrate synthesis and carbon partitioning in the source tissue of distinct phenotypic groups. Our data from sugarcane leaves revealed how hybridization in a complex polyploid system resulted in noticeably different transcriptomic profiles between contrasting genotypes.
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: A Chinese Family with a new germline mutation(c.201delC) and A Detection Errors due to Intron Mutation
Authors: Zhang Fan , Lin Xinyue , Wang Xiaoli , Yu Xiaohui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a hereditary cancer syndrome caused by germline mutations in the MEN1 gene located on chromosome 11q13. The three main endocrine tissues affected most frequently by tumors in MEN1 are the parathyroid (95%), enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tissues (50%), and anterior pituitary (40%). The purpose of this study was to report on a Chinese family with a new heterozygous MEN1 mutation in exon 2 [NM_130802: c.201delC (p.Ala68Profs*51) with localization to Chr11:64577381 on assembly GRCh37].Methods: A 49-year-old female patient (proband) was admitted to the hospital due to intermittent recurrent hypoglycemia symptoms. After a series of examinations, we found that she had a pancreatic tumor, parathyroid tumor, adrenal tumor, and suspicious gastrinoma. Due to the proband’s suspicious clinical manifestations of MEN1, we performed genetic detection for the proband and her immediate family members. To rule out homozygous mutations caused by deletion of gene fragments, the proband and her immediate family members were detected the MLPA (Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification).Results: A new MEN1 germline mutation [c.201delC (p.Ala68Profs*51)], which could induce MEN1, was found by the genetic test. Two of the proband’s six relatives were found by the genetic test to have the same mutations as the proband, and the proband’s sister has the typical symptoms of MEN1 as well. However, the first time and second time genetic detection results showed that they were homozygous mutation, it didn’t conform to Mendelian inheritance laws. The MLPA results showed that the gene deletion was absent in the MEN1. The third time genetic detection (redesigned the prime) showed that they were heterozygous mutation. This detection errors due to intron mutation.Conclusions: A new germline mutation that induced MEN1, which can improve the identification of clinical phenotypes of MEN1 and the early diagnosis of the disease, was identified. Intron mutation may lead to wrong results of homozygous, which incompatible with Mendelian genetic law. Redesign the primer for gene detection could avoid this situation.
Performance Evaluation of Fifth-generation Ultra-high-resolution Spect System With Two Stationary Detectors and Multi-pinhole Imaging
Authors: Hoffmann Jan V , Janssen Jan P , Kanno Takayuki , Shibutani Takayuki , Onoguchi Masahisa , Lapa Constantin , Grunz Jan Peter , Buck Andreas , Higuchi Takahiro 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Small-animal single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) systems with multi-pinhole collimation and large stationary detectors have advantages compared to systems with moving small detectors. This study aims to investigate the performance of a novel ultra-high-resolution scanner with two-detector-configuration (U-SPECT5-E) and to compare its image quality to a conventional micro-SPECT system with three stationary detectors (U-SPECT+).
Methods
The new U-SPECT5-E with two stationary detectors was used for acquiring data with 99mTc-filled point source, hot-rod and uniformity phantoms to analyse sensitivity, spatial resolution, uniformity and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Three dedicated multi-pinhole mouse collimators with 75 pinholes each and 0.25-, 0.60- and 1.00-mm pinholes for extra ultra-high resolution (XUHR-M), general-purpose (GP-M) and ultra-high sensitivity (UHS-M) imaging were examined. For CNR analysis, four different activity ranges representing low- and high-count settings were investigated for all three collimators. The experiments for the performance assessment were repeated with the same GP-M collimator in the three-detector U-SPECT+ for comparison.
Results
Peak sensitivity was 237 cps/MBq (XUHR-M), 847 cps/MBq (GP-M), 2054 cps/MBq (UHS-M) for U-SPECT5-E and 1710 cps/MBq (GP-M) for U-SPECT+. Resolution in the visually analysed sections of the reconstructed hot-rod phantom was 0.35 mm (XUHR-M), 0.50 mm (GP-M) for the two-detector as well as the three-detector SPECT and 0.75 mm (UHS-M). Uniformity for maximum resolution recorded 40.7% (XUHR-M), 29.1% (GP-M, U-SPECT5-E), 16.3% (GP-M, U-SPECT+) and 23.0% (UHS-M), respectively. UHS-M reached highest CNR values for low-count images; for rods smaller than 0.45 mm, acceptable CNR was only achieved by XUHR-M. GP-M was superior for imaging rods sized from 0.60–1.50 mm for intermediate activity concentrations. U-SPECT5-E and U-SPECT+ both provided comparable CNR.
Conclusions
While uniformity and sensitivity are negatively affected by the absence of a third detector, the investigated U-SPECT5-E system with two stationary detectors delivers excellent spatial resolution and CNR comparable to the performance of an established three-detector-setup.
Continuous Block at the Proximal End of the Adductor Canal Provides Better Analgesia Compared to that at the Middle of the Canal After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Trial
Authors: Fei Yuda , Cui Xulei , Chen Shaohui , Peng Huiming , Feng Bin , Qian Wenwei , Lin Jin , Weng Xisheng , Huang Yuguang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The optimal position for continuous adductor canal block (ACB) for analgesia after total knee anthroplasty (TKA) remians controversial, mainly due to high variability in the localization of the the adductor canal (AC). Latest neuroanatomy studies show that the nerve to vastus medialis plays an important role in innervating the anteromedial aspect of the knee and dives outside of the exact AC at the proximal end of the AC. Therefore, we hypothesized that continuous ACB at the proximal end of the exact AC could provide a better analgesic effect after TKA compared with that at the middle of the AC (which appeared to only block the saphenous nerve). Methods: Sixty-two adult patients who were scheduled for a unilateral TKA were randomized to receive continuous ACB at the proximal end or middle of the AC. All patients received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia with sufentanil postoperatively. The primary outcome measure was cumulative sufentanil consumption within 24 h after the surgery, which was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U tests. P-values <0.05 (two-sided) were considered statistically significant. The secondary outcomes included postoperative sufentanil consumption at other time points, pain at rest and during passive knee flexion, quadriceps motor strength, and other recovery related paramaters.Results: Sixty patients eventually completed the study (30/group). The 24-h sufentanil consumption was 0.22 µg/kg (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.15–0.40 µg/kg) and 0.39 µg/kg (IQR: 0.23–0.52 µg/kg) in the proximal end and middle groups (P = 0.026), respectively. There were no significant inter-group differences in sufentanil consumption at other time points, pain at rest and during passive knee flexion, quadriceps motor strength, and other recovery related paramaters. Conclusions: Continuous ACB at the proximal end of the AC has a better opioid-sparing effect without a significant influence on quadriceps motor strength compared to that at the middle of the AC after TKA.These findings indicates that a true ACB may not produce the effective analgesia, instead, the proximal end AC or distal femoral triangle might be a more suitable block to alleviate pain after TKA.Trial registration: This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03942133; registration date: May 06, 2019; enrollment date: May 11, 2019).
Regulation of Klf16 by Double Strand RNA-binding Protein STAU1 in Adipocyte Differentiation in vitro
Authors: Guan Ya Qun , Meng Xuan Yu , Liang Xiao Di , Hu Ting Ting , Nuermamati Nurbierye , JIAO YI , Gong Xue Li , Xu You Zhong Shen , gao Jia Le 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Adipogenesis is an essential process in organismal development and plays a significant role in adipose tissue homeostasis. Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression plays a key role in adipogenesis and involves many RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). In mammals, Staufen1 (STAU1) is a conserved RBP(RNA Binding Protein )consisting of several dsRBP (double strand RNA). STAU1 plays an important role in the Stau1-mediated mRNA decay (SMD) pathway, which is related to adipocyte formation, myocyte development, and neural differentiation. Klf16 (Kruppel like transcription factor 16) is a negative regulator that inhibits adipocyte differentiation. AIM:This study was conducted to determine the role of Klf16 in adipocyte differentiation in the context of the SMD pathway.Methods: 3T3-L1 cells were induced and cultured in vitro by cocktail method, Knockdown and Overexpression of STAU1 and KLF16. Then, adipocyte differentiation andexpression of adipogenic-related genes (STAU1, KLF16, PPARγ, and Lipin1) were measured by RT-qPCR and Western blot.RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) method verified that STAU1 protein can bind to KLF16.Results: The results revealed that STAU1 regulates Klf16 expression at the post-transcriptional level during the adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells.STAU1 candirectly bind the 3′UTR of Klf16 mRNA. Klf16 mRNA was found to be degraded through the SMD pathway, thus promoting adipocyte differentiation.Conclusions: In this study, the mechanism of adipocyte differentiation regulation at the post-transcriptional level is demonstrated, and Klf16 is shown as a substrate of the SMD pathway, thus providing new insights into adipogenesis.
Decreasing the Leakage of Continuous Femoral Nerve Catheter Fixation Using 2-octyl Cyanoacrylate Glue ( Demabond® ): A Randomized Controlled Trial Study
Authors: Arnuntasupakul Vanlapa , Sangkum Lisa , Buachai Rungrawan , Chalacheewa Theerawat 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Continuous peripheral nerve catheters (CPNCs) have been used for postoperative pain relief. The common problem with CPNCs is pericatheter leakage that can compromise the sterile dressing, un-necessitating frequent dressing that may increase the risk of dislodgement and perineural catheter colonization or infections. Adhesive glue is useful for fixing peripheral nerve catheter as well as prevent leakage around the puncture site. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of pericatheter leakage by using fixation with 2-octyl cyanoacrylate glue (Demabond®) compared to sterile strip.Methods: Thirty patients undergoing unilateral total knee arthroplasty and received continuous femoral nerve block were randomized to perineural catheter fixation with 2-octyl cyanoacrylate glue or sterile strip. The primary outcome was the incidence of pericatheter leakage. Secondary outcomes included frequent of catheter migration, difficulty of catheter removal, pain score and patient satisfaction.Results: The incidence of pericatheter leakage at 48 hours was 0% versus 100% in the intervention and control group. The incidence of displacement at 24 and 48 hours was 6.7% versus 93.3% and 6.7% versus 100%, respectively (P < 0.001). There was no difference in numeric rating scale, difficulty of catheter removal as well as satisfaction scores between groups.Conclusion: Catheter fixation with 2-octylcyanoacrylate reduced the incidence of pericatheter leakage as well as catheter displacement over 48 hours compare to sterile strip.
Predictors of Cardiovascular Events in Elderly with Metabolic Syndrome from Rural Northeast China
Authors: Yu Shasha , Guo Xiaofan , Li GuangXiao , Yang Hongmei , Zheng Liqiang , Sun Yingxian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) had close relationship with cardiovascular events (CVEs). In the present study, among elderly with MetS, we intend to estimate the possible predictors of CVEs in order to prevent cardiovascular complications; among elderly without MetS, we aim to evaluate the possible risk factors for developing MetS in order to control it more effectively. Methods: In total 2869 elderly from rural China were enrolled. They took part in a physical examination and completed a questionnaire during 2012-2013 and were followed up during 2015-2017. Cox proportional hazards analysis was conducted to assess the possible predictors of CVEs and multivariate analysis was used to estimate the risk factors of newly diagnosed MetS. Results: Over a median follow-up of 4.66 years, 128 nonfatal or fatal cardiovascular events were documented and the cumulative incidence of MetS was 28.7% (36.3% for female; 24.3% for male). Cox proportional hazards analysis showed that family history of hypertension [Hazard ratio (HR): 1.694], current smoking (HR: 1.518), per 1 unit increase of systolic blood pressure (SBP) (HR: 1.016), and HDL-C (HR: 0.365) were strong predictors of newly onset CVEs among elderly with MetS at baseline. As for newly diagnosed MetS, male [Odd ratio (OR): 0.390] and proper sleep duration (8-9 hours/day) (OR: 0.580) served as protective factors. Furthermore, SBP (OR: 1.013), body mass index (OR: 1.178) and all lipid profiles were also associated factors of newly diagnosed MetS among elderly. Conclusions: Current smoking and relatively higher value of SBP, and HDL-C at baseline were correlated with higher possibility to have CVEs among elderly with MetS. In order not to develop MetS, elderly should pay more attention to metabolic parameters and have proper sleep duration.
The anti-fibrotic effect of human fetal skin-derived stem cell secretome on the liver fibrosis
Authors: Yao Xia , Wang Jing , Zhu Jiajing , Rong Xiaoli 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Liver fibrosis resulting from a chronic liver injury is one of the significant causes of mortality. Stem cells-secreted secretome has been evaluated for overcoming the limitations of cell-based therapy in hepatic disease while maintaining its advantages over the current therapies. Methods: In this study, we investigated the effect of human fetal skin-derived stem cells (hFSSCs) secretome in the treatment of liver fibrosis. To determine the therapeutic potential of the hFSSCs secretome in liver fibrosis, we established the CCl4-induced liver fibrosis rat model, and we administered hFSSCs secretome in vivo. Moreover, we investigated the anti-fibrotic mechanism of hFSSCs secretome in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Results: Our results showed that hFSSCs secretome effectively reduced collagen content in the liver, and improved the liver function and promoted liver regeneration. Interestingly, we also found that hFSSCs secretome reduced liver fibrosis through suppressing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. In addition, we found that hFSSC secretome inhibited the TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, and Collagen I expression, while we observed, increased Smad7 expression. Conclusions: In conclusion, our results suggest that hFSSCs secretome treatment could reduce CCl4-induced liver fibrosis via regulating the TGF-β/Smad signal pathway.