bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HEALTH ENGAGED ARCHITECTURE IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19
Authors: Fezi Bogdan Andrei 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
In the context of the COVID-19, this article reveals the potential of architecture and urbanism in the prevention and control of epidemics and in playing an active role in human health. The historical approach shows that the same space-controlled measures against pandemics were used for centuries to combat leper or plague: quarantine, isolation and confinement. The fight against tuberculosis led, from the 1830s, to the hygiene movement which facilitated current principles for a healthy architecture regarding sunlight and ventilation. In the 1920s, hygienic concepts constituted the foundation for modernist architecture and urbanism. With the advent of antibiotics, in the 1940s, medicine was emancipated from architecture. In the 1970s, the criticism of the social modernist shortcoming led to the New Urbanism or Urban Village movements and environmental issues to Green Architecture and Urbanism.
The paper investigates how the present pandemic confirms the last decades warnings and the previous concerns about the correspondence between population density and mortality rates. The article examines the linkages between scale in the built environment, epidemiology and proxemics. The goal is to determine the place of architecture and urbanism in social resilience management during pandemics.
Solutions for health engaged architecture and urbanism are indicated at different scales: object scale—hygiene; people scale—distancing and isolation; interior spaces—air control by ventilation, filtering and humidifying; residential—intermediate housing, public spaces between buildings—the key for social interactions; working—telecommuting, size and dispersion; shopping—proximity and downscaling; transportation—walking, bicycling, shared mobility and robo-taxies; and higher scale-mixed use neighborhoods.
Architectural certifications such as BREAM and LEED may need to implement similar guidelines for public health. Healthy building movements like Fitwel and WELL Building Standard have already taken steps to foster healthy urbanism, and LEED for Neighborhood Development addresses health related issues. In the context of the COVID-19 and the concern of future pandemics, research in these areas will need to be expanded.
Training Load and Recovery During a Pre-Olympic Season in Professional Rhythmic Gymnasts
Authors: Debien Paula Barreiros , Miloski Bernardo , Werneck Francisco Zacaron , Timoteo Thiago Ferreira , Ferezin Camila , Filho Maurício Gattás Bara , Gabbett Tim J. 
Published: July 2020

ContextRhythmic gymnastics requires a high level of complexity and perfection of technical gestures, associated with well-developed physical and artistic capacities. The training-load and recovery profiles of rhythmic gymnasts across a season are unknown.ObjectiveTo analyze the training load and recovery of professional rhythmic gymnasts during 1 season.DesignCohort study.SettingBrazilian National Training Center of Rhythmic Gymnastics and competition facilities.Patients or Other ParticipantsEight gymnasts from the Brazilian national senior rhythmic gymnastics group.Main Outcome Measure(s)Session rating of perceived exertion (session-RPE) and total quality recovery (TQR) scores were collected daily for 43 weeks. We obtained the session-RPE after each session and TQR score before the first session of the day. Performances during 5 competitions were also recorded. The season was divided into 8 periods. Total weekly internal training load (wITL), training intensity, frequency, duration, recovery, and acute : chronic workload ratio were calculated for analysis.ResultsThe season mean wITL was 10 381 ± 4894 arbitrary units, mean session-RPE score was 5.0 ± 1.6, and mean TQR score was 12.8 ± 1.3. The gymnasts trained an average of 8.7 ± 2.9 sessions per week, with a mean duration of 219 ± 36 minutes. Each competitive period showed increased wITL compared with the previous period. Training-load variables (wITL and session-RPE) and recovery were inversely correlated. Gymnasts were poorly recovered (TQR &lt; 13) during 50.9% of the season (n = 167 times), especially during competitive weeks. Spikes in load (acute : chronic workload ratio ≥ 1.5) occurred across 18.1% of the season (n = 55 times).ConclusionsThe training-load variables and recovery changed throughout a professional rhythmic gymnastics group season, mainly during competitive periods. The correct distribution of training load is critical to ensure that gymnasts are entering competitions in a recovered state.
A randomized prospective study to assess health-related quality-of-life outcomes of antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency virus-positive adults
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Singh Jatinder , Singh Harpreet 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals is substantially challenged due to disease, opportunistic infections, lifelong commitment, and tolerability to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and various social, physical, and psychological domains.

Aim:
This study was conducted to assess the magnitude of the impact on HRQOL in HIV-positive people from early access to ART.

Settings and Design:
This was a randomized, prospective, open-label study, conducted at the ART center attached to the Government Medical College, Amritsar.

Subjects and Methods:
This study comprised 240 HIV-infected adults in the age group >18 years who presented to the ART center. Approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee was obtained. Informed consent was taken from all the enrolled participants after explaining the study therapy and its benefits and side effects. Patients who presented early in their course of disease and had baseline CD4 count ≥350/mm3 were recruited in early arm and those with <350/mm3 or the development of symptomatic HIV-related disease in the late arm. Following stratification, both groups were 1:1 randomized by permuted block randomization. The primary objective was to assess HRQOL using the World Health Organization Quality of Life-HIV brief instrument (WHOQOL-HIV).

Statistical Analysis Used:
The summary domain and total HRQOL scores were calculated using method developed by the WHOQOL-HIV group. Unpaired t-test was applied for statistical analysis, with level of significance expressed as P < 0.05.

Results:
Out of the total 240 HIV-positive patients, 120 who met eligibility criteria were recruited for the final analysis. There was a significant difference between HRQOL score of Physical domains and Psychological domains, between early and late arms at baseline and at the end of 9 months.

Conclusions:
Quality of life is an important holistic measure for assessing the health of people living with HIV/AIDS.
Vaginal discharge
Authors: Amrin Shaheen Siddiqua , Lakshmi G. Jyothi 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Vaginal discharge is a common clinical problem with varied etiologies, most common being bacterial vaginosis which presents as homogenous gray discharge caused by overgrowth of facultative and anaerobic bacterial species, next common is vulvovaginal candidiasis characterized by pruritus and cottage cheese like discharge followed by vaginal trichomoniasis associated with copious yellow or green and frothy discharge. This necessitates the need to identify the specific cause of vaginal discharge.

Aim:
To determine the etiology of pathological vaginal discharges in women attending tertiary care hospital.

Methodology:
698 sexually active females in age group of 15 to 65 years with complaints of vaginal discharge attending Department of Dermatology Venereology and Leprosy at a Tertiary care hospital from June 2017 to May 2018 participated in the study. After presumptive clinical diagnosis vaginal discharge was collected. Wet mounts and 10% KOH preparations were examined immediately. Identification of pathogens was done by Gram stain and culture.

Results:
18.33% of 698 patients showed vulvovaginal candidiasis, 13.75% had bacterial vaginosis, 1.86% showed trichomoniasis. Gold standard was considered to be culture for candidiasis & trichomoniasis whereas for bacterial vaginosis it was Nugent's score.

Conclusions:
Vaginal discharge is of multiple yet specific etiologies hence simple and minimal tests like microscopy available in most laboratories (supported by culture wherever possible) would help in accurate diagnosis without over or under treatment of patient due to the empirical therapy. Syndromic management of STIs (WHO guidelines) should be used only in non-specific cases.
As juventudes como esperança eclesiológica
Authors: Danielski Gislene 
Published: July 2020

Conforme constata o documento final do Sínodo dos Jovens: “Os jovens, a fé e o discernimento vocacional”, a Igreja experimenta em nossos tempos a necessidade de repensar sua maneira de transmitir a fé às novas gerações. J. Moing nos diz que essa dificuldade é concreta e precisa ser superada, pois “a única tarefa que importa é deixar passar o Reino de Deus empurrado para frente pelo sopro do Evangelho”. Esse quadro preocupa a Igreja desde tempos anteriores, como poderemos perceber se recorrermos a textos de Paulo VI, como por exemplo, a Exortação Apostólica Evangelii Nutiandi, ou mesmo a Encíclica Redemptoris Missio de João Paulo II, dentre outros documentos do Magistério. Veremos neste artigo que também as conferências episcopais latino-americanas, posteriores ao Concílio Vaticano II, trouxeram os jovens para as suas discussões. O intuito central é mostrar como, através dos documentos de Medellín, Puebla e Santo Domingo, os jovens foram apontados como esperança da Igreja pós-conciliar e também como desafio para a evangelização.
BIMBOT-(Artificial intelligence applied to BIM design)
Authors: Frías César , Peña Jose María , Sánchez Érika , Almeida Lorena 
Published: July 2020

BIMBOT es un asistente de diseño inteligente para la industria AEC. Sus herramientas se ejecutan sobre un software de modelado BIM y producen varias soluciones de diseño con modelos BIM optimizados. Funciona con el uso de métodos avanzados de Inteligencia Artificial (optimización soft computing y Machine Learning) y es compatible con bases de datos NoSQL. Contempla varias etapas: La definición por el usuario de restricciones / prioridades establecidas ejecuta un proceso de diseño generativo impulsado por varios métodos de IA. Éste crea diferentes soluciones en modelos BIM almacenados y refinados a partir de un catálogo de objetos inteligentes. Con ello, los usuarios pueden interactuar importando modelos BIM con diseños propuestos, crearlos o editarlos in situ y recibir asistencia de una serie de métricas configurables que dan calidad al diseño de acuerdo con las preferencias iniciales. Así, obtenemos un Modelo BIM completo como resultado del proceso iterativo. Finalmente, el entrenamiento continuo de los algoritmos mejorará la eficiencia en futuros diseños. BIMBOT está concebido para extender las habilidades de los diseñadores a través del desarrollo de software BIM, permitiéndoles ser más productivos en tareas complejas del proceso de diseño. BIMBOT está financiado por el programa europeo Eureka / Eurostars (E! 12863).
Representation of the equatorial stratopause semiannual oscillation in global atmospheric reanalyses
Authors: Kawatani Yoshio , Hirooka Toshihiko , Hamilton Kevin , Smith Anne K. , Fujiwara Masatomo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. This paper reports on a project to compare the representation of the semiannual oscillation (SAO)
in the equatorial stratosphere and lower mesosphere within six major global atmospheric reanalysis
datasets and with recent satellite Sounding of the Atmosphere Using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) and Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) observations. All reanalyses have a good
representation of the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) in the equatorial lower and middle
stratosphere and each displays a clear SAO centered near the stratopause. However, the differences
among reanalyses are much more substantial in the SAO region than in the QBO-dominated region. The
degree of disagreement among the reanalyses is characterized by the standard deviation (SD) of the
monthly mean zonal wind and temperature; this depends on latitude, longitude, height, and
time. The zonal wind SD displays a prominent equatorial maximum that increases with height, while
the temperature SD reaches a minimum near the Equator and is largest in the polar regions. Along the Equator,
the zonal wind SD is smallest around the longitude of Singapore, where consistently high-quality
near-equatorial radiosonde observations are available. Interestingly, the near-Singapore minimum
in SD is evident to at least ∼3 hPa, i.e., considerably higher than the usual
∼10 hPa ceiling for in situ radiosonde observations. Our measurement of the
agreement among the reanalyses shows systematic improvement over the period considered
(1980–2016), up to near the stratopause. Characteristics of the SAO at 1 hPa, such as its
detailed time variation and the displacement off the Equator of the zonal wind SAO amplitude
maximum, differ significantly among the reanalyses. Disagreement among the reanalyses becomes
still greater above 1 hPa. One of the reanalyses in our study also has a version produced
without assimilating satellite observations, and a comparison of the SAO in these two versions
demonstrates the very great importance of satellite-derived temperatures in the realistic analysis
of the tropical upper stratospheric circulation.
A generic physical vulnerability model for floods: review and concept for data-scarce regions
Authors: Malgwi Mark Bawa , Fuchs Sven , Keiler Margreth 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The use of different methods for physical flood vulnerability assessment has
evolved over time, from traditional single-parameter stage–damage curves to
multi-parameter approaches such as multivariate or indicator-based models.
However, despite the extensive implementation of these models in flood risk
assessment globally, a considerable gap remains in their applicability to
data-scarce regions. Considering that these regions are mostly areas with a
limited capacity to cope with disasters, there is an essential need for
assessing the physical vulnerability of the built environment and
contributing to an improvement of flood risk reduction. To close this gap, we
propose linking approaches with reduced data requirements, such as
vulnerability indicators (integrating major damage drivers) and damage
grades (integrating frequently observed damage patterns). First, we present
a review of current studies of physical vulnerability indicators and flood
damage models comprised of stage–damage curves and the multivariate methods that have been applied to predict damage grades. Second, we propose a new
conceptual framework for assessing the physical vulnerability of buildings
exposed to flood hazards that has been specifically tailored for use in data-scarce
regions. This framework is operationalized in three steps: (i) developing a
vulnerability index, (ii) identifying regional damage grades, and (iii) linking resulting index classes with damage patterns, utilizing a synthetic
“what-if” analysis. The new framework is a first step for enhancing flood
damage prediction to support risk reduction in data-scarce regions. It
addresses selected gaps in the literature by extending the application of the
vulnerability index for damage grade prediction through the use of a
synthetic multi-parameter approach. The framework can be adapted to
different data-scarce regions and allows for integrating possible modifications
to damage drivers and damage grades.
Authors: Vergara Marcos 
Published: July 2020

Esta investigación elabora una nota técnica para estimar fronteras estocásticas. Para ello se utiliza la especificación de Battese and Coelli (1992) y Cornwell and Schmidt (1990). Se investiga la forma funcional que se debe utilizar para aproximar la eficiencia técnica, costo y beneficio del sistema bancario chileno. Para ello se especifican tres formas funcionales: Fourier flexible, Translog y
Cobb Douglas. Los tests LR y Fisher muestran que la frontera de la banca chilena debe ser aproximada por una Fourier flexible. Además, la evidencia muestra aumento en el nivel de eficiencia
costo y beneficio de utilizar esta forma funcional, lo cual indica que Translog y Cobb-Douglas podrían subestimar la eficiencia de la banca. También los tests rechazan la hipótesis de persistencia de la eficiencia, es decir, ésta no permanece constante en el tiempo. Finalmente, el test de Hausman no revela diferencias significativas entre el modelo frontera estocástica y efecto fijo. Esto significa que los supuestos distribucional y de no correlación entre las variables exógenas y la eficiencia impuestos por frontera estocástica no se rechazan.
Brand Personality in Chile
Authors: Olavarrieta Sergio , Friedmann Roberto , Manzur Enrique 
Published: July 2020

The purpose of our study is to extend previous work on brand personality (Aaker 1997). While following Aaker’s recommended methodology, we did so in the context of an emerging market
economy such as Chile, and using a combined emic-etic research approach. Then, we investigated the cross-cultural applicability of the construct and we also look into the applicability of the
measurement instrument developed by Aaker (1997). After several validation studies, six brand personality dimensions were found instead of the original North American based study, with tradition being the new Chilean dimension. This is consistent with previous work finding nation-specific dimensions in Japan, Spain, and France (i.e. Aaker, Benet-Martinez, Garolera, 2001; Koebel and Landwein, 1999). Insights for the understanding and management of brand images in international contexts, complementing parallel work done in other developed nations are derived.
Authors: Kausel Edgar , Manzi Jorge 
Published: July 2020

Se analizan las propiedades métricas del Inventario de Evaluación de Supervisores (INESUP), basado en la teoría de liderazgo tridimensional propuesta por Yukl (2003), con sus tres principales
categorías de comportamientos efectivos de liderazgo orientados a la tarea, a las relaciones, y transformacionales. El inventario utiliza dos fuentes de datos, aplicándose a los subordinados y a los propios supervisores. Comparando los datos, es posible generar una evaluación de la gestión de los supervisores y retroalimentarlos para estimular los comportamientos y actitudes deseables. Se aplicó el cuestionario a 10 supervisores y 89 subordinados de una organización financiera. Los análisis reportados validaron la estructura de 9 factores del instrumento y el tipo de escala utilizada, así como su confiabilidad.
Esg or Not Esg? A Benchmarking Analysis
Authors: Vannoni Valeria , Ciotti Emanuele 
Published: July 2020

Sustainable investments are increasingly leaving their niche position to enter financial markets in a remarkable way in recent years. In this scenario, ESG (Enviromental, Social, Governance) practices are emerging alongside the risk-return approaches that for years have exclusively determined the portfolio choices of investors.
This paper aims to give a contribution to the flourishing debate on the application of ESG criteria to investments’ selection, using a case study through a benchmarking approach. The empirical investigation focuses on a two-level analysis of GIS Global Bond ESG Fund (EUR Hedged), managed by PIMCO management company. Results highlight that ESG practises should be referred more as a complementary rather than alternative approach for portfolio management.
Study on IoT and Big Data Analysis of 12” 7 nm Advanced Furnace Process Exhaust Gas Leakage
Authors: Chang Kuo-Chi , Chu Kai-Chun , Wang Hsiao-Chuan , Lin Yuh-Chung , Hsu Tsui-Lien , Zhou Yu-Wen 
Published: July 2020

Modern FAB uses a large number of high-energy processes, including plasma, CVD, and ion implantation. Furnaces are one of the important tools for semiconductor manufacturing. According to the requirements of conversion production management, FAB installed a set of IoT-based research based on 12″ 7 nm-level furnaces chip process. Two furnace processing tool measurement points were set up in a 12-inch 7 nm-level factory in Hsinchu Science Park, Taiwan, this is a 24-hour continuous monitoring system, the data obtained every second is sequentially send and stored in the cloud system. This study will be set in the cloud database for big data analysis and decision-making. The lower limit of TEOS, C2H4, CO is 0.4, 1.5, 1 ppm. Semiconductor process, so that IoT integration and big data operations can be performed in all processes, this is an important step to promote FAB intelligent production, and also an important contribution to this research.
Book Review: Library Licensing: A Manual for Busy Librarians
Authors: White Kristy 
Published: July 2020

One of the many challenges librarians face is reviewing and negotiating licensing agreements. Halaychik and Reagan discuss these challenges in Library Licensing: A Manual for Busy Librarians. The scope of this book is much broader than the title seems to indicate, covering not only license-related topics regarding electronic resources in its six chapters, but also information on contract management software, Integrated Library Systems (ILS) and maintenance, and services agreements. For this reason, the book can feel unfocused at times. Chapter 1 briefly introduces basic information about contracts, while chapters 2 through 6 give a broad overview of the mechanics of a contract (including common clauses within contracts) and information concerning organizing, managing, and administering contracts, with examples of checklists and contracts in chapter 5 and subsequent appendixes.
Assessing Animal Welfare: Where Does Science End and Philosophy Begin?
Authors: Sandøe P , Simonsen H B 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo be able to assess animal welfare the researcher must presuppose a number of background assumptions that cannot be tested by means of ordinary empirical data collection. In order to substantiate these assumptions two sorts of inferences have to be relied upon, which the authors designate by the terms ‘analogies’ and ‘homologies’. Analogies are evaluative, philosophical reflections by means of which it is made clear what provisions or states constitute the welfare of humans and other animals. By means of analogies it may, for example be argued that animal welfare consists of subjective experiences such as pain, boredom, pleasure and expectation. Also by means of analogies the relative ‘weight’ of these states can be decided. Homologies are part of theoretical science. They serve to clarify how the relevant experiences are linked to measurable anatomical, physiological and behavioural parameters.An account is given of the steps which have to be taken to give a full answer to a question concerning the welfare of animals. In the account only farm animals are mentioned, but the same steps, of course, also have to be taken to answer questions concerning the welfare of other kinds of animals be they companion, laboratory, zoo or wild. Eight steps are described, and it is argued that both analogies and homologies are needed at very fundamental levels. Therefore, if animal welfare science is to provide relevant, rational and reliable answers to questions concerning animal welfare, it must be an interdisciplinary inquiry involving philosophical reflections and theoretical biology.