bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Imaging Revealing Inner Dynamics for Cardiovascular Waveform Analysis via Unsupervised Manifold Learning
Authors: Wang Shen-Chih , Wu Hau-Tieng , Huang Po-Hsun , Chang Cheng-Hsi , Ting Chien-Kun , Lin Yu-Ting 
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND:
Cardiovascular waveforms contain information for clinical diagnosis. By learning and organizing the subtle change of waveform morphology from large amounts of raw waveform data, unsupervised manifold learning helps delineate a high-dimensional structure and display it as a novel 3-dimensional (3D) image. We hypothesize that the shape of this structure conveys clinically relevant inner dynamics information.

METHODS:
To validate this hypothesis, we investigate the electrocardiography (ECG) waveform for ischemic heart disease and arterial blood pressure (ABP) waveform in dynamic vasoactive episodes. We model each beat or pulse to be a point lying on a manifold—like a surface—and use the diffusion map (DMap) to establish the relationship among those pulses. The output of the DMap is converted to a 3D image for visualization. For ECG datasets, first we analyzed the non–ST-elevation ECG waveform distribution from unstable angina to healthy control in the 3D image, and we investigated intraoperative ST-elevation ECG waveforms to show the dynamic ECG waveform changes. For ABP datasets, we analyzed waveforms collected under endotracheal intubation and administration of vasodilator. To quantify the dynamic separation, we applied the support vector machine (SVM) analysis and reported the total accuracy and macro-F1 score. We further performed the trajectory analysis and derived the moving direction of successive beats (or pulses) as vectors in the high-dimensional space.

RESULTS:
For the non–ST-elevation ECG, a hierarchical tree structure comprising consecutive ECG waveforms spanning from unstable angina to healthy control is presented in the 3D image (accuracy = 97.6%, macro-F1 = 96.1%). The DMap helps quantify and visualize the evolving direction of intraoperative ST-elevation myocardial episode in a 1-hour period (accuracy = 97.58%, macro-F1 = 96.06%). The ABP waveform analysis of Nicardipine administration shows interindividual difference (accuracy = 95.01%, macro-F1 = 96.9%) and their common directions from intraindividual moving trajectories. The dynamic change of the ABP waveform during endotracheal intubation shows a loop-like trajectory structure, which can be further divided using the manifold learning knowledge obtained from Nicardipine.

CONCLUSIONS:
The DMap and the generated 3D image of ECG or ABP waveforms provides clinically relevant inner dynamics information. It provides clues of acute coronary syndrome diagnosis, shows clinical course in myocardial ischemic episode, and reveals underneath physiological mechanism under stress or vasodilators.
The potential role of the Alsberg angle as a predictor of lateral growth disturbance of the capital femoral epiphysis in children with developmental dysplasia of the hip treated by closed reduction
Authors: Gui Ronghua , Canavese Federico , Liu Shuang , Li Lianyong , Zhang Lijun , Li Qiwei 
Published: April 2020

Purpose Early diagnosis and prevention of lateral growth disturbance of the capital femoral epiphysis is challenging after treatment for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The aim of the study was to evaluate the radiographic changes of the Alsberg angle (AA) in normal children and those with DDH, and to assess the role of AA as a potential predictor of lateral growth disturbance of the capital femoral epiphysis. Methods AA was measured on the anterior-posterior pelvic radiographs of 1000 normal children ranging in age from one to ten years and in 66 children (92 hips) with DDH treated by closed reduction (CR). A comparative analysis was performed. Results In the normal children, mean AA decreased linearly with age, from 76° at age one year to 65° at age ten years, irrespective of gender and laterality. In children with DDH, the average AA was 81.5°(sd 3.9°; 74° to 87°) prior to CR; it was 75.9° (sd 4.5°; 68° to 83°) in normal children of the same age (p < 0.001). Among the 42 children (64 hips) with successfully and uneventfully treated DDH, AA reached normal values between the ages of five and six years. In contrast, children with lateral growth disturbance of the proximal femur physis (24 children, 28 hips) showed significantly higher AA values in comparison with the age-matched controls. Conclusion In DDH patients with successful CR, AA could be expected to match normal values in children between the ages of five and six years. On the other hand, AA can be used as an early predictor for lateral growth disturbance of the capital femoral epiphysis. Level of Evidence Level III
Compact, high-performance, and fabrication friendly two-mode division multiplexer based on a silicon bent directional coupler
Authors: Mehrabi Kolsoom , Zarifkar Abbas , Babaei Mahsa 
Published: April 2020

In response to the increasing demands of the capacity enhancement of optical communication, a compact and high-performance silicon mode division multiplexer is proposed that multiplexes the fundamental and first-order transverse magnetic modes. The device structure is based on an asymmetric bent directional coupler with an ultrasmall coupling length of 3.67 µm. Utilizing single-layer silicon waveguides with the same heights allows the proposed device to be fabricated using a single-step CMOS-compatible fabrication process, which provides a cost-effective design in comparison with the previously reported structures. The three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulation results confirm that the device has a low loss of 0.87 dB, low crosstalk of

−

21.8

d
B

, and high mode conversion efficiency of 98.3% at the communication wavelength of 1.55 µm. Furthermore, the device shows a broad bandwidth of about 110 nm, completely covering the C and L bands with crosstalk less than

−

10

d
B

. Moreover, it is shown that the proposed mode (de)multiplexer is fabrication tolerant for the coupling gap variation of

−

40

n
m

<
Δ

g

<

23

n
m

and the waveguide width variation of

−

25

n
m

<
Δ

W

<

25

n
m

for a low loss of

<

−

1.67

d
B

and low crosstalk of

<

−

10

d
B

.
Double Stenting for Malignant Biliary and Duodenal Obstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fábián Anna , Bor Renáta , Gede Noémi , Bacsur Péter , Pécsi Dániel , Hegyi Péter , Tóth Barbara , Szakács Zsolt , Vincze Áron , Ruzsics István , Rakonczay Zoltán , Erőss Bálint , Sepp Róbert , Szepes Zoltán 
Published: April 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Data about the efficacy of palliative double stenting for malignant duodenal and biliary obstruction are limited.

METHODS:
A systematic literature search was performed to assess the feasibility and optimal method of double stenting for malignant duodenobiliary obstruction compared with surgical double bypass in terms of technical and clinical success, adverse events, reinterventions, and survival. Event rates with 95% confidence intervals were calculated.

RESULTS:
Seventy-two retrospective and 8 prospective studies published until July 2018 were included. Technical and clinical success rates of double stenting were 97% (95%–99%) and 92% (89%–95%), respectively. Clinical success of endoscopic biliary stenting was higher than that of surgery (97% [94%–99%] vs 86% [78%–92%]). Double stenting was associated with less adverse events (13% [8%–19%] vs 28% [19%–38%]) but more frequent need for reintervention (21% [16%–27%] vs 10% [4%–19%]) than double bypass. No significant difference was found between technical and clinical success and reintervention rate of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), percutaneous transhepatic drainage, and endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage. ERCP was associated with the least adverse events (3% [1%–6%]), followed by percutaneous transhepatic drainage (10% [0%–37%]) and endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (23% [15%–33%]).

DISCUSSION:
Substantially high technical and clinical success can be achieved with double stenting. Based on the adverse event profile, ERCP can be recommended as the first choice for biliary stenting as part of double stenting, if feasible. Prospective comparative studies with well-defined outcomes and cohorts are needed.
Identification of bioactive constituents in Coldenia procumbens L. and its antidiabetic activity against streptozotocin induced Wistar albino rats
Authors: Rethinam Ganesan , Venkatanarasimhan Mathuram 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Type II diabetes, a multifactorial progressive disorder is the prime concern of the twenty-first century. Modern medicine is proven effective in delaying the effects of diabetes. However, the side effects are amplified over time. In order to find relief from side effects, people are rigorously searching for alternative treatment.

Objective
In this study, we aim to identify the bioactive components in the Coldenia procumbens L. and assess its anti-diabetic effect.

Materials and Methods
Initially, the plant was extracted using chloroform and methanol. Both the extracts were analysed using IR Spectrum and NMR. The methanol extract of Coldenia procumbens L. was assessed for its anti-hyperglycaemic activity against streptozotocin induced animals.

Results
The IR spectrum of the extracts was compared with standard compounds and four compounds, α-amyrin, β-sitosterol, β-stigmasterol and wedelolactone was identified. Methanol extract of Coldenia procumbens L. decreased glucose levels in serum and enzymes levels. Histopathology of pancreas showed excellent recovery from the damage induced by streptozotocin.

Conclusion
The compounds identified in Coldenia procumbens L. have significant anti-diabetic, insulin mimetic and insulin secretory activities with their complete mechanisms already studied in detail. Also, Coldenia procumbens L. methanol extract showed significant anti-hyperglycaemic activity. The plant should be further studied to be developed as an alternative medicine.
Curculigo pilosa mitigates against oxidative stress and structural derangements in pancreas and kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Karigidi Kayode Olayele , Olaiya Charles O. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background

Curculigo pilosa (African crocus) is widely used in folklore medicine to treat diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. This study was carried out to evaluate this traditional claim by mechanistic investigation of the effect of corn steep liquor extract of Curculigo pilosa and its n-butanol and methanol solvent fractions on hyperglycemia mediated oxidative damage in pancreas and kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Methods
Diabetes mellitus was induced by single intraperitoneal administration of (50 mg/kg) streptozotocin and diabetic rats were treated orally with the extract(s) once in a day for 28 days. After experimental period, the effect of the extract(s) on hyperglycemia mediated oxidative stress was assessed by determination of lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes. Also histopathology studies were conducted to substantiate the protective effects on pancreas and kidney.

Results
Oral administration of the extract significantly (p<0.05) mitigated the hyperglycemia mediated oxidative damage via improving the antioxidant system, inhibit the generation of lipid peroxide, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide. Also administration of extracts improved the structural architecture of the pancreas and kidney tissues in diabetic rats.

Conclusion
The results obtained in this study provide resounding scientific support for the folkloric use of Curculigo pilosa in the management of diabetes mellitus and its complications.
Appropriate delivery method for cardiac disease pregnancy based on noninvasive cardiac monitoring
Authors: Sawada Masami , Yoshimatsuj Jun , Nakai Michikazu , Tsukinaga Rie , Yokouchi-Konishi Tae , Shionoiri Tadasu , Nakanishi Atsushi , Horiuchi Chinami , Tsuritani Mitsuhiro , Kamiya Chizuko A. , Iwanaga Naoko , Miyamoto Yoshihiro , Nishimura Kunihiro , Ohnishi Yoshihiko 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere are numerous significant physiological changes occurring in circulation during labor. To detect these rapid hemodynamic changes, invasive and intermittent measurement techniques are not reliable. To suggest a suitable delivery method for pregnancy with cardiac disease, this study analyzed how each delivery method influences cardiac function using a noninvasive and continuous measurement technique.MethodsA prospective study was accomplished at the National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center in Japan from October 1, 2014, to November 30, 2018. The classification of the healthy heart pregnant women was according to the delivery method: vaginal delivery (VD) without epidural anesthesia, VD with epidural anesthesia, and caesarean section (CS). The hemodynamic parameters cardiac index (CI), stroke volume index (SI), and heart rate (HR) were evaluated regularly throughout delivery by noninvasive electrical cardiometry monitor.ResultsTen cases were examined for each group. CI and HR were significantly increased before VD, while the increase in CI and HR was mild in the epidural group in comparison to the nonepidural group. SI was increased toward the delivery in the epidural group, and it was constant in the nonepidural group. However, there was no alteration in the level of outcomes of the two groups. In CS, SI increased and HR decreased before delivery. After delivery, SI continued to increase, while HR did not change but CI increased.ConclusionIn VD, the increase in venous circulation according to the autotransfusion is managed by increasing HR. By epidural anesthesia, the increase in HR was suppressed and SI was increased. However, as epidural anesthesia increases the vascular capacity, the level of SI outcome was comparable. In CS, the HR was decreased because of the spinal anesthesia and the SI was increased because of many factors like hydration. As there are many factors to control in CS, VD with epidural anesthesia will be the first preference for most cardiac patients.
Effects of Blood Flow Restriction Training on Muscle Strength and Architecture
Authors: Korkmaz Emrah , Dönmez Gürhan , Uzuner Kubilay , Babayeva Naila , Torgutalp Şerife Şeyma , Özçakar Levent 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Korkmaz, E, Dönmez, G, Uzuner, K, BabayevaŞerife Şeyma Torgutalp, N, and Özçakar, L. Effects of blood flow restriction training on muscle strength and architecture. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1396–1403, 2022—The aim of this study was to compare the effect of the traditional resistance (RES) training and low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction (BFR) protocols on quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength, and rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis architecture, in youth team soccer players. Twenty-three young trained soccer team players were divided into 2 groups: the RES group that practiced traditional high-intensity resistance training (80% 1 repetition maximum [1RM], 4 sets, 12 rep.) (n = 12) and the BFR group that performed low-intensity resistance exercise with BFR (30% 1RM, 4 sets, 30-15-15-15 rep.) (n = 11)—unilateral knee extension exercise—twice a week for 6 weeks. Muscle strength (isokinetic concentric peak torque of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles) and ultrasonographic parameters (muscle thickness, pennation angle, and fascicle length) were assessed. Bilateral knee flexor and extensor strength was increased in both groups compared with pre-exercise. The increase in dominant side extensor muscle strength (60°·s−1
p = 0.02,

= 0.256, 180°·s−1
p = 0.019,

= 0.271) and RF thickness (p = 0.002,

= 0.361) was statistically higher in the BFR group than in the RES group. These findings support that occlusion training can provide better benefits than traditional strength training to improve muscle hypertrophy. In addition, the novelty of our study is that BFR training may affect the muscle structure measured by ultrasonography.
Response inhibition during processing of sexual stimuli in males with problematic hypersexual behavior
Authors: Seok Ji-woo , Sohn Jin-Hun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background and aims
Individuals with problematic hypersexual behavior (PHB) are unable to control their sexual cravings, regardless of other situational factors. This inability to control cravings is a common trait in patients with neurological pathologies related to response inhibition. Until recently, however, it was unclear whether individuals with PHB have decreased inhibition and altered neural responses in the brain regions associated with inhibition compared to healthy control individuals, especially in the presence of distracting sexual stimuli. In this study, we examined the neural and psychological underpinnings of inhibition in individuals with PHB.

Methods
Thirty individuals with PHB and 30 healthy subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a modified go/no-go task with neutral or sexual backgrounds used as distractors.

Results
Individuals with PHB showed poorer response inhibition than healthy subjects, especially when sexual distractors were present. Further, compared to healthy control subjects, individuals with PHB showed decreased activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and reduced functional connectivity between the IFG and the pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA) when response inhibition was required. Finally, the reduced activation and connectivity were more pronounced in the presence of sexual distractors than in the presence of neutral distractors.

Discussion
These findings suggest that individuals with PHB show reduced ability to inhibit responses that might be related to lower IFG activation and IFG-preSMA connectivity during response inhibition. Our results provide insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of poor response inhibition in individuals with PHB.
Sexual addiction, compulsivity, and impulsivity among a predominantly female sample of adults who use the internet for sex
Authors: Levi Gal , Cohen Chen , Kaliche Sigal , Sharaabi Sagit , Cohen Koby , Tzur-Bitan Dana , Weinstein Aviv 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background and aims
Compulsive sexual behavior is characterized by extensive sexual behavior and unsuccessful efforts to control excessive sexual behavior. The aim of the studies was to investigate compulsivity, anxiety and depression and impulsivity and problematic online sexual activities among adult males and females who use the Internet for finding sexual partners and using online pornography.

Methods
Study 1- 177 participants including 143 women M = 32.79 years (SD = 9.52), and 32 men M = 30.18 years (SD = 10.79). The Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST), the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Spielberger Trait-State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T STAI-S) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Study 2- 139 participants including 98 women M = 24 years (SD = 5) and 41 men M = 25 years (SD = 4). The impulsivity questionnaire (BIS/BAS), Problematic online sexual activities (s-IAT-sex) and Sexual Addiction Screening Test (SAST).

Results
Study 1- Multiple regression analysis has indicated that a model which included BDI, Y-BOCS, and STAI scores contributed to the variance of sexual addiction rates, and explained 33.3% of the variance. Study 2- Multiple regression analysis indicated that BIS/BAS and s-IAT scores contributed to the variance of sexual addiction rates, and explained 33% of the variance.

Discussion and conclusions
Obsessive-compulsive symptoms contributed to sexual addiction among individuals who use the Internet for finding sexual partners. Impulsivity and problematic online sexual activity contributed to ratings of sex addiction. These studies support the argument that sex addiction lies on the impulsive-compulsive scale and could be classified as a behavioral addiction.
Az akutfájdalom-kezelő szolgálat szerepe a műtét utáni fájdalomcsillapításban
Authors: Lovasi Orsolya , Lám Judit , Kósik Nándor 
Published: April 2020

Absztrakt:
A perioperatív fájdalomcsillapítás kérdésköre jelentős kihívás az egészségügyi
ellátást végzők számára. A nem jól ellenőrzött, műtét utáni fájdalom
szövődményekhez vezethet. A világszerte elterjedt szervezési módszer, az ’Acute
Pain Service’ teamek kialakítása bizonyítottan növeli a posztoperatív
fájdalomcsillapítás eredményességét. Összefoglalónk célja, hogy közlemények
alapján leírja az akutfájdalom-kezelő szolgálat fogalmát, szervezeti
struktúráját, minőségi kritériumait és a külföldön történt bevezetés modelljeit.
Több adatbázisban történt keresés után PICO-technikával szisztematikusan
áttekintettük az irodalmat, és 263 absztrakt került értékelésre. A világ számos
országában működtetik a szolgálatot, alapvetően háromféle működési struktúrában.
A személyzet aneszteziológusból és fájdalomterápiára specializálódott
ápolószemélyzetből áll. A teamek működésének leírására 5 minőségi kritériumot
hoztak létre, de fontos szerepe van a szolgálatnak a betegek és a személyzet
oktatásában és a fájdalomterápiás protokollok kialakításában. Javasoljuk, hogy
hazánkban is készüljön felmérés a szolgálatok működéséről és a minőségi
kritériumok érvényesüléséről a posztoperatív fájdalomcsillapítási ellátás terén.
Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(15): 575–581.
Az aneszteziológiai és intenzív ellátás kihívásai a COVID–19-fertőzéssel kapcsolatban. Gyakorlati ajánlás
Authors: Fülesdi Béla , Sárkány Péter , Szentkereszty Zoltán , Gál János 
Published: April 2020

Absztrakt:
A COVID–19 vírussal kapcsolatos fertőzés ellátása egyre nagyobb kihívás elé
állítja a hazai egészségügyi ellátórendszert és különösen a kritikus állapotú
betegek ellátásáért felelős aneszteziológiai és intenzív terápiás szakmát. A
hatékony ellátás elengedhetetlen feltétele az intenzív osztályos egészségügyi
személyzet megóvása a fertőzés terjedésétől a mindennapi betegellátás során és
az ezekkel kapcsolatos ismeretek széles körben való ismertté tétele. A szerzők
gyakorlati szempontok alapján összefoglalják a COVID–19-betegek intenzív
ellátásával kapcsolatos legfontosabb szervezési, kezelési és megelőzési
teendőket. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(17): 652–659.
Born in Wuhan: lessons from COVID-19 epidemic in China
Authors: Semenov A. V. , Pshenichnaya N. Yu. 
Published: April 2020

The COVID-19 epidemic curve in China can be divided into several stages. Despite transparency in informing the world public about clusters of undiagnosed viral pneumonia, the country’s health care at the first stage of the epidemic was not ready to provide adequate and rapid response for a fast increase in the number of patients with COVID-19, infection control measures were not fully implemented, which also led to a large number of nosocomial cases of infection among medical workers and patients. Socially vulnerable groups of the population did not refer for medical assistance in a timely manner due to the lack of the disease danger understanding and also in connection with the high cost for them of medical aid. At the second stage, simultaneously with the restrictive measures introduced by the government, the entire health care system was rebooted: free medical care for patients with COVID-19 was provided and the strictest infection control measures were implemented, multi-level contact tracking system using IT technologies was organized, and the capacity of hospitals was increased many times. Through the joint efforts of ministries, mass media, social networks and volunteer movements, an unprecedented social mobilization of the population was achieved. Strict implementation of the entire set of measures aimed at fighting the epidemic allowed to take it under strict control at the third stage and practically eliminate the epidemic after 2,5 months. China’s response to the COVID-19 epidemic can be useful to other countries, in fighting the current pandemic and in preparing for a response to biological threats in the future.