bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Informational Role of Buyback Contracts
Authors: Wang Shouqiang , Gurnani Haresh , Subramanian Upender 
Published: April 2020

Manufacturers often offer retailers buyback contracts to reduce retailers’ inventory costs by repurchasing unsold inventory at a prespecified returns price. We examine the signaling role of buyback contracts when the retailer is less informed about either the manufacturer’s reliability of honoring the buyback commitment (e.g., for a small/less-established manufacturer) or its product’s market potential (e.g., for a national brand manufacturer). We find that these two situations yield contrasting buyback designs: the manufacturer must distort the wholesale and returns prices downward to signal higher reliability, but upward to signal higher market potential. Nevertheless, the signaling mechanism in both cases hinges on suitably distorting the manufacturer’s returns cost (i.e., the cost of repurchasing a retailer’s unsold inventory) by influencing the retailer’s regular stock (i.e., the portion of inventory carried to meet average demand) and safety stock (i.e., the extra inventory carried to meet potential high demand). Notably, although prior research has highlighted the signaling role of the wholesale price, we show how and why, in a channel with inventory, the returns price plays a relatively more important role. In particular, efficient signaling entails that the returns price is used to distort the manufacturer’s returns cost, whereas the wholesale price is used only to mitigate the resulting distortion in the retailer’s order quantity. In fact, the returns price emerges as a more efficient signaling instrument and reverses the direction of wholesale price distortion from what is necessary if wholesale price alone is used to signal. We also examine the implications when the two dimensions of manufacturer’s private information are correlated. This paper was accepted by Juanjuan Zhang, marketing.
Cloud scattering influence on satellite laser altimetry data and its correction
Authors: Tang Xinming , Yao Jiaqi , Li Guoyuan , Ai Bo , Wang Zhenming , Gao Xiaoming 
Published: April 2020

Satellite laser altimetry can obtain submeter or even centimeter-level surface elevation information over a large range. However, the laser will inevitably be affected by clouds during transmission through the atmosphere, which seriously affects the accuracy of altimetry. In this paper, based on laser altimetry data, cloud optical depth inversion was realized by using the Fernald method. The influence of clouds on the echo waveform data was analyzed with actual data, and a method of cloud scattering error correction was proposed. The existing error correction methods are mostly based on the results of semi-analytical Monte Carlo simulations. In observations, it is difficult to synchronously obtain the parameters required for simulation, which significantly limits the method. Therefore, a method for correcting the cloud scattering error of satellite laser altimetry data based on an exponential model is also proposed. The experimental results show that when the cloud optical depth is

0

−

2

, the root mean square error of the model is 0.05, which can correct the height measurement deviation caused by the cloud to within 5 cm and improve the availability of the laser height measurement data affected by the cloud scattering.
Frequency comb with 100  GHz spacing generated by an asymmetric MQW passively mode-locked laser
Authors: Hou Lianping , Huang Yongguang , Liu Yihui , Zhang Ruikang , Wang Jiankun , Wang Baojun , Zhu Hongliang , Hou Bin , Qiu Bocang , Marsh John H. 
Published: April 2020

A L-band two-section AlGaInAs/InP asymmetric multiple quantum well (QW) passively mode-locked laser has been used to generate a frequency comb with a 100 GHz spacing at a central wavelength of 1610 nm. The comb contains 10 optical lines within a

−

3

d
B

bandwidth of 8.05 nm and 34 optical lines within a

−

20

d
B

bandwidth of 30 nm. The mode-locked pulse duration was 440 fs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the shortest pulse duration from any directly electrically pumped QW semiconductor mode-locked laser.
Push—pull microring-assisted space-and-wavelength selective switch
Authors: Huang Yishen , Cheng Qixiang , Rizzo Anthony , Bergman Keren 
Published: April 2020

We introduce a novel design of a space-and-wavelength selective switch based on microring-assisted Mach–Zehnder interferometers. Multiple pairs of overcoupled microring resonators are incorporated as efficient and narrowband phase shifters and are driven in push–pull scheme. We design and demonstrate a2×2×2λelementary switch block with full spatial and spectral switching capabilities. The switching device’s cross talk suppression and extinction ratio both exceed 21 dB. We measure over 75 GHz optical bandwidth per channel and less than 1.5 dB power penalty at10−9BER when two 32 Gbps on–off keying signals are loaded simultaneously. This new class of switching elements can further enable compact and high-performance space-and-wavelength selective switch fabrics without the need for wavelength (de)multiplexers or parallel switching planes.
Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Colonic Gallstone Ileus in an Elderly Patient
Authors: Laxague Francisco , Ramos Paula M. , Zanfardini Andrés , Schlottmann Francisco 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Gallstone ileus is a rare entity, and an obstructing gallstone in the left colon is even less frequent. A 78-year-old man was evaluated for abdominal distension and pain, associated with a lack of bowel movements in the past 5 days. An abdominal computed tomography showed a cholecystocolonic fistula associated with a gallstone in the descending colon. During the operation, the gallstone was retrieved through a longitudinal colotomy proximal to the impaction site, which was then closed.
Acute Liver Failure in a Patient With Dengue Shock Syndrome
Authors: Lewis Justin , Mitra Arnab , Chang Michael 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACT
Dengue is an arboviral disease of significant burden in tropical countries. It commonly affects the liver, ranging in presentation from asymptomatic transaminitis to acute liver failure. We present a young woman from India who developed acute liver failure because of dengue shock syndrome and improved without a liver transplant. We review the disease characteristics and management of dengue, with a focus on the natural history of illness and how to approach the possible need for liver transplant in these patients.
Barack Obama’s Eulogy for the Reverend Clementa Pinckney, June 26, 2015: Grace as the Vehicle for Collective Salvation and Obama’s Agency on Civil Rights
Authors: Bostdorff Denise M. , Goldzwig Steven R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn his eulogy for Rev. Clementa Pinckney, President Obama responded to postracial claims in the United States and to criticism that he had not done enough for black Americans by drawing on grace as the vehicle for collective salvation and his own agency on civil rights. Eulogizing Pinckney as a man of faith and grace, Obama affırmed the black church’s dual focus on religious faith and collective civil rights action as exemplary of American civil religion and treated Dylann Roof’s heinous act as both emanating from the sin of slavery and embodying prevenient grace that had led the nation to acceptance of justifying grace and the need for sanctifying action as he discussed the Confederate flag, systemic racism, and gun violence. In encouraging the ongoing work of collective sanctifıcation, Obama employed code-switching, particularly in his delivery, which served to heighten and reinforce his powerful message.
Technical Aspects of Automated Item Generation for Blended Learning Environments in Biology
Authors: Timm Justin , Otto Benjamin , Schramm Thilo , Striewe Michael , Schmiemann Philipp , Goedicke Michael 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Using two case studies from biology, the article demonstrates and analyses how domain-specific self-learning items with variable content can be generated automatically for a blended learning environment. It shows that automated item generation works well even for highly specific technical properties and that a good item quality can be produced. Evaluations are based on sample exercises from two courses in botany and genetics, each with more than 100 participants.
Delayed bowel perforation after routine distal loopogram prior to ileostomy closure
Authors: Poh Keat Seong , Hoh Siew Yep , Aziz Rezal , Chong Shun Siang , Roslani April Camilla 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Ultra-low anterior resection for low rectal cancer is usually done with a covering ileostomy as a safety measure to reduce the consequences of distal anastomotic failure. In many centres, distal loopogram is performed routinely, prior to the closure of the loop ileostomy, to assess the integrity of anastomosis. Distal loopogram is generally considered a safe procedure with very low complication rates, especially when water-soluble contrast is used. We report two cases of delayed bowel perforation which led to severe sepsis and generalized peritonitis after distal loopogram prior to ileostomy closure. Our cases highlight the potential dangers of distal loopogram. Therefore, the routine usage of this procedure should be scrutinized and the patient needs to be properly counselled prior to the procedure.
Diagnostic accuracy of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for the direct identification of clinical pathogens from urine
Authors: Tang Min , Yang Jia , Li Ying , Zhang Luhua , Peng Ying , Chen Wenbi , Liu Jinbo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has become one of the most popular methods for the rapid and cost-effective detection of clinical pathogenic microorganisms. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of MALDI-TOF MS with that of conventional approaches for the direct identification of pathogens from urine samples. A systematic review was conducted based on a literature search of relevant databases. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR) and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve of the combined studies were estimated. Nine studies with a total of 3920 subjects were considered eligible and included in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity was 0.85 (95% CI 0.79-0.90), and the pooled specificity was 0.93 (95% CI 0.82-0.97). The PLR and NLR were 11.51 (95% CI 4.53-29.26) and 0.16 (95% CI 0.11-0.24), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.93 (95% CI 0.91-0.95). Sensitivity analysis showed that the results of this meta-analysis were stable. MALDI-TOF MS could directly identify microorganisms from urine samples with high sensitivity and specificity.
Terahertz based non-destructive testing (NDT)
Authors: Nüßler Dirk , Jonuscheit Joachim 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Established methods based on X-rays, ultrasound, thermography, eddy current, and optics are very effective in fault detection and structural analysis. However, these methods are limited for some applications, for example, the non-destructive testing of fiber-reinforced plastics, foams, and sandwich or hollow structures. In these cases, terahertz technology offers an innovative method to overcome these limitations. Tremendous advances have been made in this new technology in terms of their industrialization in recent years. This paper presents techniques for use in industrial applications.
ПОСТТРАВМАТИЧНЕ ЖИТТЄТВОРЕННЯ ОСОБИСТОСТІ: МЕТОДИ ДІАГНОСТИКИ І ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ
Authors: Титаренко Тетяна 
Published: April 2020

Представлено емпіричну верифікацію наступних аспектів теорії відновлення психологічного здоров’я особистості: діапазону психологічних наслідків впливу травми на особистість; способів розподілу ресурсів особистості у складних умовах; засобів та процедур визначення ефективності реабілітаційних впливів; перс­пектив забезпечення комплексної психосоціальної підтримки особистості. Апробовано комплекс ме­тодик, який використовувався колективом лабораторії соціальної психології особистості при дослідженні посттравматичного етапу життєтворення.
Показали свою ефективність наступні методи діагностики: методи опитування, глибинного та контекстуального інтерв’ю, створення автонаративу. Інтерпретація результатів, отриманих в резуль­та­ті використання якісних методів, здійснювалася за допомогою процедур контент-аналізу та аналізу твор­чих продуктів. Засвідчено інформативність методу інтерв’ю, завдяки якому вдалося виявити вплив трав­матичних життєвих обставин на способи організації життєтворення, зміни стилю життя, апробацію нових копінгів.
Доведено формувально-відновлювальний вплив методів соціально-психологічної реабілітації на осо­бис­тість. Здійснено перевірку ефективності реабілітаційних технологій з використанням методу феноме­нологічного аналізу індивідуальних та групових впливів та подальшим аналізом консультативних, психоте­рапевтичних і тренінгових текстів, що дало змогу з’ясувати феноменологію травматичного досвіду постра­ж­далих, зафіксувати наявність внутрішніх і зовнішніх ресурсів для відновлення їхнього психоло­гіч­ного здоров’я та реконструювати ціннісно-смислові і праксеологічні контексти посттравматичного життєтворення.
Combining SEM and Mercury Intrusion Capillary Pressure in the characterization of pore-throat distribution in tight sandstone and its modification by diagenesis: A case study in the Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Wang Wei , Yu Caili , Zhao Le , Xu Shuang , Gao Lei 
Published: April 2020

Determining the characteristics of pore-throat structures, including the space types present and the pore size distribution, is essential for the evaluation of reservoir quality in tight sandstones. In this study, the results of various testing methods, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), pressure-controlled porosimetry (PCP) and rate-controlled porosimetry (RCP), were compared and integrated to characterize the pore size distribution and the effects of diagenesis upon it in tight sandstones from the Ordos Basin, China. The results showed that reservoir spaces in tight sandstones can be classified into those with three types of origins (compaction, dissolution, and clay-related) and that the sizes and shapes of pore space differ depending on origin. Considering the data obtained by mercury injection porosimetry and the overestimation of pore radii by pressure-controlled porosimetry, the full-range pore size distribution of tight sandstones can be determined by combining data from PCP with corrected RCP data. The pore-throat radii in tight sandstone vary from 36 nm to 200 μm, and the distribution curve is characterized by three peaks. The right peak remains similar across the sample set and corresponds to residual intergranular pores and dissolution pores. The middle and left peaks show variation between samples due to the heterogeneity and complexity of nano-scale throat bodies. The average micro-scale pore content is 33.49%, and nano-scale throats make up 66.54%. The nano-scale throat spaces thus dominate the reservoir space of the tight sandstones. Compaction, dissolution, carbonate cementation, and clay cementation have various effects on pore-throats. Compaction and carbonate cementation decrease pore body content. Pore-bridging clay cementation decreases throat space content. As pore-lining clay cementation preserves pore space.
Blood cells and their effect on the lipid profile in women with essential hypertension
Authors: Kuznik B. I. , Guseva E. S. , Davydov S. O. , Smolyakov Yu. N. , Roitman E. V. , Tsybikov N. N. 
Published: April 2020

Aim.To find out the relationship of particular blood cells (BC) and their ratios with lipid metabolism in patients with essential hypertension (EH), with (EH-1) and without kinesiotherapy (EH-2).Material and methods.The study included 30 healthy women (control group) and 72 women with EH, which were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (EH-1) — 37 women with stage II (target organ damage classification) hypertension who receive antihypertensive therapy; group 2 (EH-2) — 35 women who underwent antihypertensive therapy and kinesiotherapy (3-4 courses for 2-3 years).Results.Correlation analysis revealed that the studied relationships in healthy women, EH-1 and EH-2 women can be either direct or inverse. In healthy women, we observed negative association of monocytes (MON) with atherogenic index (AI), a positive association of basophils (BAS) with high density lipoproteins (HDL) and its negative association with low density lipoproteins (LDL), very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and AI and red blood cells/platelets (RBC/PLT ratio) with HDL. Negative associations of lymphocytes (LYM)/BAS ratio with triglyceride (TG) and eosinophils (EOS)/BAS ratio with LDL were also detected. Patients with EH-1 had a direct relationship between LYM/EOS ratio and TG. In patients with EH-2, a negative relationship was found between PLT and HDL, MON and HDL, neutrophils (NEU)/MON ratio and TAG, and a positive — between white blood cells (WBC), NEU, MON and AI, LYM and TAG, MON and TAG, as well as AI.Conclusion.The obtained data indicate that all BC and their ratios in women with/without EH and with/without kinesiotherapy affect the lipid metabolism.
The effects of the combination of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and diuretic on the lower limb venous circulation in men with hypertension and chronic venous disorders
Authors: Letyagina S. V. , Baev V. M. , Shmeleva S. A. , Agafonova T. Yu. 
Published: April 2020

Aim. To study the effects of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and diuretic combination on the lower limb venous circulation in men with hypertension (HTN) and chronic venous disorders (CVD).Material and methods. The study included 37 men with uncontrolled hypertension at the age of 46 (40-49) years, which were divided into two groups: 20 patients with objective signs of CVD (CEAP criteria) and 17 patients without CVD. During hospitalization, all participants received antihypertensive therapy with a combination of ACE inhibitor and diuretic. Vein Doppler ultrasound at rest was performed on the day of hospitalization and after 14 days. The diameter and the area of vein lumen, flow velocity and peripheral venous pressure (PVP) were recorded. Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were used for statistical analysis.Results. Initially, patients with CVD had higher values of PBP (by 26%), diameter and area of the vein lumen (53%) and flow velocity (by 14%) than in patients without CVD. As a result of therapy, in the group of patients with HTN and without CVD, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased to the target levels, PVP decreased by 13%, vein diameter increased by 27%, blood flow velocity decreased by 15%. Therapy in patients with CVD led to the normalization of SBP, DBP, and a decrease in PVP and flow velocity by 31% and 33%, respectively. No significant changes in the diameter and cross-sectional area of lower limb veins were noted.Conclusion. The obtained data showed that 14-day antihypertensive therapy with ACE inhibitor and diuretic in patients with HTN and CVD, unlike patients with HTN and without CVD, did not led to vein dilation, but was associated with flow velocity and PVP decrease. By therapy’s end, most of venous hemodynamic parameters, including PVP, were identical in the studied groups.
Neural network analysis of mortality risk predictors in patients after acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Shvets D. A. , Karasev A. Yu. , Smolyakov M. V. , Povetkin S. V. , Vishnevsky V. I. 
Published: April 2020

Aim. To study the possibilities of neural network analysis of clinical and instrumental data to predict the mortality risk in patients after acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Material and methods. The study involved 400 patients after ACS which who observed for 62 months. The criterion for the complicated course of coronary artery disease (CAD) is the cardiovascular death. Group 1 consisted of 310 patients with uncomplicated course of CAD; group 2 — 90 patients with complicated course of CAD. To predict mortality risk, the machine learning method and neural network analysis was used. Machine learning was carried out with the inclusion of clinical, laboratory and instrumental (electrocardiography, echocardiography) parameters (49 in total). To solve the classification problems, two types of neural network architectures were used: Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). The ratio in the examples for learning and validation was 340/60. The method of learning with a teacher was used on the available data in which the outcomes were known, and the neural network parameters were adjusted so as to minimize the error.Results. The following factors made the highest contribution to the mortality risk after ACS: age; history of MI and acute cerebrovascular accident; atrial fibrillation, class 2-3 heart failure; no history of percutaneous coronary intervention; stage 3 chronic kidney disease; reduced left ventricle ejection fraction. Most of the deaths occurred in the 2nd and 4th years of follow-up, which may be due to the low effectiveness of secondary prevention of CAD. CNN architecture had higher accuracy (sensitivity — 68%; specificity — 84%; area under curve=0,74). An advantage of CNN is its ability to analyze patterns over time using recurrent neural networks.Conclusion. Neural network analysis of clinical, laboratory and instrumental data allows configuring network parameters for mortality risk prediction. CNN predicts 5-year mortality risk after ACS with a sensitivity of 68% and a specificity of 84%.
Blood pressure phenotypes in young patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Kobalava Zh. D. , Stavtseva Yu. V. , Troitskaya E. A. , Safarova A. F. , Petrosyan A. E. 
Published: April 2020

Aim. To study phenotypes of clinic and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (BP), to determine their associations with arterial stiffness parameters, and to assess global cardiovascular risk (CVR) in young patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Material and methods. The presented cross-sectional single-center study included 81 T1D patients without a history of hypertension (HTN) and other cardiovascular diseases (CVD) (men — 39%; median age — 27 years; median duration of T1D — 6 years). All participants underwent a routine clinical and laboratory testing, measurement of clinic and 24-hour ambulatory BP (BPLab Vasotens), assessment of central BP and arterial stiffness parameters using applanation tonometry technique. BP phenotypes were analyzed with diagnostic criteria for HTN by ESC/ESH 2018 guidelines. CVR was assessed using the SCORE 10-year risk calculator (ESC 2019). The differences were considered significant at p<0,05.Results. The prevalence of true HTN was 6,2%, masked HTN — 38,3%. Isolated nocturnal HTN was revealed in 30,7% of patients with clinic BP <140/90 mm Hg. The subgroup with masked HTN was dominated by patients with normal clinic BP (58,1%) and in most cases was characterized by isolated diastolic BP increase (64,5%). Masked HTN was associated with a higher carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) (median — 7,2 versus 6,3 m/s, p=0,002). The most common profiles of nocturnal BP decrease were non-dipper (63.9%) and night-picker (16.6%). High and very high CVR was recorded in 87,7% of patients. Conclusion. Hypertension occurs in 44,5% of young patients with type 1 diabetes and is characterized by a high prevalence of masked isolated nocturnal HTN and non-dipping. Masked HTN is associated with a higher carotid-femoral PWV. High and very high 10-year CVR was recorded in 87,7% of patients.