bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A meta‐analysis reveals temperature, dose, life stage, and taxonomy influence host susceptibility to a fungal parasite
Authors: Sauer Erin L. , Cohen Jeremy M. , Lajeunesse Marc J. , McMahon Taegan A. , Civitello David J. , Knutie Sarah A. , Nguyen Karena , Roznik Elizabeth A. , Sears Brittany F. , Bessler Scott , Delius Bryan K. , Halstead Neal , Ortega Nicole , Venesky Matthew D. , Young Suzanne , Rohr Jason R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractComplex ecological relationships, such as host–parasite interactions, are often modeled with laboratory experiments. However, some experimental laboratory conditions, such as temperature or infection dose, are regularly chosen based on convenience or convention, and it is unclear how these decisions systematically affect experimental outcomes. Here, we conducted a meta‐analysis of 58 laboratory studies that exposed amphibians to the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) to understand better how laboratory temperature, host life stage, infection dose, and host species affect host mortality. We found that host mortality was driven by thermal mismatches: hosts native to cooler environments experienced greater Bd‐induced mortality at relatively warm experimental temperatures and vice versa. We also found that Bd dose positively predicted Bd‐induced host mortality and that the superfamilies Bufonoidea and Hyloidea were especially susceptible to Bd. Finally, the effect of Bd on host mortality varied across host life stages, with larval amphibians experiencing lower risk of Bd‐induced mortality than adults or metamorphs. Metamorphs were especially susceptible and experienced mortality when inoculated with much smaller Bd doses than the average dose used by researchers. Our results suggest that when designing experiments on species interactions, researchers should carefully consider the experimental temperature, inoculum dose, and life stage, and taxonomy of the host species.
Harmony on the prairie? Grassland plant and animal community responses to variation in climate across land‐use gradients
Authors: Bruckerhoff Lindsey A. , Connell R. Kent , Guinnip James P. , Adhikari Elina , Godar Alixandra , Gido Keith B. , Boyle Alice W. , Hope Andrew G. , Joern Anthony , Welti Ellen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHuman induced climate and land‐use change are severely impacting global biodiversity, but how community composition and richness of multiple taxonomic groups change in response to local drivers and whether these responses are synchronous remains unclear. We used long‐term community‐level data from an experimentally manipulated grassland to assess the relative influence of climate and land use as drivers of community structure of four taxonomic groups: birds, mammals, grasshoppers, and plants. We also quantified the synchrony of responses among taxonomic groups across land‐use gradients and compared climatic drivers of community structure across groups. All four taxonomic groups responded strongly to land use (fire frequency and grazing), while responses to climate variability were more pronounced in grasshoppers and small mammals. Animal groups exhibited asynchronous responses across all land‐use treatments, but plant and animal groups, especially birds, exhibited synchronous responses in composition. Asynchrony was attributed to taxonomic groups responding to different components of climate variability, including both current climate conditions and lagged effects from the previous year. Data‐driven land management strategies are crucial for sustaining native biodiversity in grassland systems, but asynchronous responses of taxonomic groups to climate variability across land‐use gradients highlight a need to incorporate response heterogeneity into management planning.
Trimethylamine N‐oxide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure after myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhou Xiang , Jin Mengchao , Liu Lei , Yu Zongliang , Lu Xiang , Zhang Hao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimAccumulating evidence has demonstrated that intestinal microbiota‐dependent trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO) is involved in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases. The present study was designed to investigate the prognostic value of TMAO in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) after myocardial infarction (MI).Methods and resultsWe included 1208 CHF patients after MI in a prospective cohort study and determined the association between plasma TMAO and cardiovascular outcomes using Cox regression analysis. Patients with elevated TMAO levels were more likely to be older and have histories of atrial fibrillation and diabetes. Cox regression analysis indicated that TMAO was a significant predictor of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) (hazard ratio = 2.31, 95% confidence interval 1.42–3.59, P < 0.01) following adjustment for conventional risk factors. Integrated discrimination and net reclassification improvements for MACE were markedly improved by addition of TMAO to the model of traditional risk factors. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that MACE risk increased with the elevation in TMAO levels and this positive correlation became more significant when TMAO levels were higher than the median. TMAO was also found to be an independent predictor of all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio = 2.15, 95% confidence interval 1.37–3.24, P < 0.01) after adjusting for traditional risk factors.ConclusionsOur study suggests that TMAO is a valuable prognostic indicator of MACE in patients with CHF after MI.
Sesame Oil Oxidation Control by Active and Smart Packaging System Using Wheat Gluten/Chlorophyll Film to Increase Shelf Life and Detecting Expiration Date
Authors: Chavoshizadeh Sona , Pirsa Sajad , Mohtarami Forough 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this study, a smart biodegradable film based on wheat gluten modified with chlorophyll (WG/Ch) is presented. The effect of chlorophyll on the antioxidant activity and mechanical properties of WG/Ch film is studied. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) analyses are used to study the structure and chemical composition of gluten‐based films. The WG/Ch film is used in the packaging of sesame oil. The effect of WG/Ch film on increasing the shelf life and detecting expiration time of oil is studied. FT‐IR results show that weak interactions are created between gluten and chlorophyll. The antioxidant activity of the WG film is 60% and it increases to 85% by the addition of chlorophyll. The results show that with the increasing storage time of oil samples, oxidative indices are increased, but the WG/Ch film decreases the sesame oil oxidation significantly (almost in the all oxidative indices 50% decrease is observed).Practical Applications: The WG/Ch film is used in the packaging of sesame oil. The effect of WG/Ch film on the increasing of shelf life and detecting expiration time of oil is studied. By increasing storage time and oxidant, acidity, acid number, PA, and oil color change are increased, but the WG/Ch active film decreases the sesame oil oxidation significantly. Also, by examining the color properties of the active film, it is observed that with increasing storage time and oxidant percent, the color of the film is changed (from green to yellow), which can be used to estimate the oil expiration time. It should be mentioned that the film's color changes are visible to the naked eye.
Damping estimation of high‐rise buildings considering structural modal directions
Authors: Li Qiu‐Sheng , Zhou Kang , Li Xiao 
Published: January 2020

SummaryOne widespread problem in damping estimation of high‐rise buildings is the neglect of structural modal directions, which may induce beating in measured dynamic responses along building geometric axes and thereby induce errors in damping estimations to some extent. Based on a proposed two degrees of freedom (2‐DOF) simulation model, the effects of neglecting the modal directions on damping estimate are systematically investigated. The results show that the angular differences between the modal directions and the building geometric axes, as well as the frequency difference between the involved modes, both have significant effects on the damping estimate of high‐rise buildings. This paper proposes a spectral method to determine the modal directions of high‐rise buildings and further validate this method by an analysis of full‐scale measurements from four skyscrapers. The damping ratios estimated based on the responses along the identified modal directions are more accurate than those based on those measured along the building geometric axes. Furthermore, an empirical prediction model for damping ratio of high‐rise buildings with heights over 200 m is proposed based on the field measured damping results of several buildings with consideration of the modal directions. The objective of this study is to improve the accuracy of damping estimation of high‐rise buildings and therefore provide useful information for the structural design of future skyscrapers.
Performance of the LandSoil expert‐based model to map erosion and sedimentation: application to a cultivated catchment in central Belgium
Authors: Cantreul Vincent , Pineux Nathalie , Swerts Gilles , Bielders Charles , Degré Aurore 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntensive agricultural practices on sensitive soils induce high erosion rates in central Belgium. Expert‐rules models quantify runoff and erosion at catchment scale, avoiding over‐parameterization, and can include some direct or indirect connectivity features. The aim of this article is to test the ability of an expert‐based model, LandSoil, to quantify runoff and to locate erosion and sedimentation areas in a small cultivated loamy catchment in Belgium during the years 2014, 2015 and 2016. Spatialized data are important for assessing model outputs and the erosive response. Measurements of runoff and observation of spatial erosion/deposition patterns, especially around major connectivity points, permitted an assessment of the reliability of the model results. Runoff modelling gave contrasting results (good linear adjustment at the outlet of the 83 ha sub‐catchment (point 1): r2 of 0.96, Nash–Sutcliffe criterion of 0.95; less good at the outlet of the 3.9 ha sub‐catchment (point 2): r2 of 0.28, Nash–Sutcliffe criterion of –0.47). For point 2 the poor results are explained by the very few runoff events observed, a scaling effect and the small area with a single land use. Graduated rulers demonstrate that the model is able to provide a coherent pattern of erosion/deposition. The study highlights great sensitivity to the effect of land use, land allocation, landscape design and slope gradients. Grass strips induce deposition of eroded particles when slopes are gentle (< 2%). Woodland strips decrease connectivity by being in the stream but deposit thinner sediment layers. Field boundaries have a role in the transport, but not really the quantity, of sediments. This model validation in the Belgian loess context allows us to use LandSoil in other similar environments in order to estimate the effects of landscape management scenarios. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Forecasting models in the manufacturing processes and operations management: Systematic literature review
Authors: Agostino Icaro Romolo Sousa , da Silva Wesley Vieira , Pereira da Veiga Claudimar , Souza Adriano Mendonça 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to present the result of a systematic literature review regarding the application and development of forecasting models in the industrial context, especially the context of manufacturing processes and operations management. The study was conducted considering the preparation of an established research protocol to know, discuss, and analyze the main approaches adopted by researchers in the field. To achieve this objective, we analyzed 354 recent papers published in periodicals between 2008 and 2018. This paper makes three main contributions to the field: (i) it presents an updated portfolio of prediction models in the industrial context, providing a reference point for researchers and industrial managers; (ii) it presents a characterization of the field of study through the identification of publication vehicles, frequency, and the principal authors and countries related to the development of research on the theme; (iii) it proposes a unified framework, listing the characteristics of the prediction models with their respective application contexts, identifying the current research directions to provide theoretical aids for the development of new approaches to forecasting in industry. The results of this study provide an empirical base for further discussions on studies that focus on forecasting in the industrial context.
Design of an intelligent controller for a grain dryer: A support vector machines for regression inverse model proportional–integral–derivative controller
Authors: Dai Aini , Zhou Xiaoguang , Wu Zidan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGrain drying control is a challenging task owing to the complex heat and mass exchange process. To precisely control the outlet grain moisture content (MC) of a continuous mixed‐flow grain dryer, in this paper, we proposed a genetically optimized inverse model proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller based on support vector machines for regression algorithm which is named the GO‐SVR‐IMCPID controller. The structure of the GO‐SVR‐IMCPID controller consists of a genetic optimization algorithm, an indirect inverse model predictive controller, and a PID controller. In addition, to verify the control performances of the proposed controller in the simulation study, we have established a nonlinear mathematical model for the mixed‐flow grain dryer to represent the nonlinear grain drying process. Finally, the control performance and the robustness of the GO‐SVR‐IMCPID controller were simulated and compared with the other controllers. By the simulation results, it is shown that this proposed algorithm can track the target value precisely and has fewer steady errors and strong ability of anti‐interference. Furthermore, it has further confirmed the superiority of the proposed grain drying controller by comparing it with the other controllers.
Nondestructive measurement of kiwifruit firmness, soluble solid content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), and sensory quality by vibration spectrum
Authors: Zhang Wen , Wang Aichen , Lv Zhenzhen , Gao Zongmei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMaturity is a key attribute to evaluate the quality and acceptability of fruit products. In this study, the impact method was used for nondestructive measurement of kiwifruit maturity. The fruit was vertically dropped onto an impact plate, and an accelerometer was used to measure the response signal. Then, fruit firmness, soluble solid content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), and sensory scores were measured to determine the kiwifruit maturity. In addition, different modeling methods were proposed for data analysis. The results showed that the optimized prediction results were obtained by the principal component analysis–back‐propagation neural network (PCA‐BPNN) method for both quantitative and qualitative analysis. The optimized correlation coefficient between prediction and actual values (rp) and root mean square error of prediction (RESEP) for firmness, SSC, TA, and sensory score were 0.881 (2.359N), 0.641 (1.511 Brix), 0.568 (0.023%), and 0.935 (0.693), respectively. The optimized discriminant accuracy for immature, mature, and overmature kiwifruits was 94.2% and 92.1% for calibration and validation, respectively. Such results indicated the feasibility of the proposed impact method for kiwifruit maturity evaluation.
Equal long‐term care for equal needs with universal and comprehensive coverage? An assessment using Dutch administrative data
Authors: Tenand Marianne , Bakx Pieter , van Doorslaer Eddy 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe Netherlands is one of the few countries that offer generous universal public coverage of long‐term care (LTC). Does this ensure that the Dutch elderly with similar care needs receive similar LTC, irrespective of their income? In contrast with previous studies of inequity in care use that relied on a statistically derived variable of needs, our paper exploits a readily available, administrative measure of LTC needs stemming from the eligibility assessment organized by the Dutch LTC assessment agency. Using exhaustive administrative register data on 616,934 individuals aged 60 and older eligible for public LTC, we find a substantial pro‐poor concentration of LTC use that is only partially explained by poorer individuals' greater needs. Among those eligible for institutional care, higher‐income individuals are more likely to use—less costly—home care. This pattern may be explained by differences in preferences, but also by their higher copayments for nursing homes and by greater feasibility of home‐based LTC arrangements for richer elderly. At face value, our findings suggest that the Dutch LTC insurance “overshoots” its target to ensure that LTC is accessible to poorer elderly. Yet, the implications depend on the origins of the difference and one's normative stance.
Anterior and posterior hippocampus macro‐ and microstructure across the lifespan in relation to memory—A longitudinal study
Authors: Langnes Espen , Sneve Markus H. , Sederevicius Donatas , Amlien Inge K. , Walhovd Kristine B. , Fjell Anders M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere is evidence for a hippocampal long axis anterior–posterior (AP) differentiation in memory processing, which may have implications for the changes in episodic memory performance seen across development and aging. The hippocampus shows substantial structural changes with age, but the lifespan trajectories of hippocampal sub‐regions along the AP axis are not established. The aim of the present study was to test whether the micro‐ and macro‐structural age‐trajectories of the anterior (aHC) and posterior (pHC) hippocampus are different. In a single‐center longitudinal study, 1,790 cognitively healthy participants, 4.1–93.4 years of age, underwent a total of 3,367 MRI examinations and 3,033 memory tests sessions over 1–6 time points, spanning an interval up to 11.1 years. T1‐weighted scans were used to estimate the volume of aHC and pHC (macrostructure), and diffusion tensor imaging to measure mean diffusion (MD, microstructure) within each region. We found that the macro‐ and microstructural lifespan‐trajectories of aHC and pHC were clearly distinguishable, with partly common and partly unique variance shared with age. aHC showed a protracted period of microstructural development, while pHC microstructural development as indexed by MD was more or less completed in early childhood. In contrast, pHC showed larger unique aging‐related changes. An aHC–pHC difference was also observed for volume, with pHC changing relatively more with higher age. All regions showed age‐dependent relationships with episodic memory. aHC micro‐ and macrostructure was significantly related to verbal memory independently of age, but the relationships were still strongest among the older participants. We suggest that memory processes supported by each sub‐region improve or decline in concert with volumetric and microstructural changes in the same age‐period. Future research should disentangle the lifespan relationship between changes in these structural properties and different memory processes, encoding versus retrieval in particular, as well as other cognitive functions depending on the hippocampal long‐axis specialization.
Asymptotic Behavior of the Exchange‐Correlation Energy Density and the Kohn‐Sham Potential in Density Functional Theory: Exact Results and Strategy for Approximations
Authors: Kraisler Eli 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDensity functional theory (DFT) is nowadays the leading theoretical framework for quantum description of materials from first principles. Being an exact theory on one hand and computationally efficient on the other hand, DFT allows to address large and complex many‐electron systems and accurately predict their properties. The predictive power of DFT critically depends though on an accurate approximation to the generally unknown exchange‐correlation (xc) energy functional. Approximations can be constructed from first principles by satisfying known properties of the exact functional. In this work I review two such exact properties: the asymptotic behavior of the xc energy density per particle and the asymptotic behavior of the Kohn‐Sham potential, in finite many‐electron systems. The derivation of the asymptotic forms for both quantities is reviewed, employing the concepts of the adiabatic connection and of the xc hole with relation to the first quantity and the exact electron factorization approach for the second one. Furthermore, it is shown that the correct asymptotic behavior of one of the aforementioned quantities does not guarantee a correct behavior of the other. These quantities are related via the xc hole response function, which is defined, examined and its exact exchange part is analytically derived. The extent to which existing xc approximations satisfy the named exact properties is reviewed and the relationship between correct asymptotics and freedom from one‐electron self‐interaction in DFT is discussed. Finally, a strategy for development of advanced approximations for exchange and correlation with a correct asymptotic behavior is suggested.
Biomarkers of exposure, effect, and susceptibility in occupational exposure to traffic‐related air pollution: A review
Authors: Brucker Natália , do Nascimento Sabrina Nunes , Bernardini Letícia , Charão Mariele Feiffer , Garcia Solange Cristina 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThere is a well‐recognized association between environmental air pollution exposure and several human diseases. However, the relationship between diseases related to occupational air pollution exposure on roads and high levels of traffic‐related air pollutants (TRAPs) is less substantiated. Biomarkers are essential tools in environmental and occupational toxicology, and studies on new biomarkers are increasingly relevant due to the need to determine early biomarkers to be assessed in exposure conditions. This review aimed to investigate the main advances in the biomonitoring of subjects occupationally exposed to air pollution, as well as to summarize the biomarkers of exposure, effect, and susceptibility. Furthermore, we discuss how biomarkers could be used to complement the current application of methods used to assess occupational exposures to xenobiotics present in air pollution. The databases used in the preparation of this review were PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct. Considering the significant deleterious effects on health associated with chronic occupational exposure to xenobiotics, this topic deserves attention. As it is difficult to avoid occupational exposure to TRAPs, biomonitoring should be applied as a strategy to reduce the toxic effects of workplace exposure.