bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autophagy is induced and supports virus replication in Enterovirus A71-infected human primary neuronal cells
Authors: Lin Jhao-Yin , Huang Hsing-I 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEnterovirus A71 (EV-A71), which belongs to the family Picornaviridae, can invade the central nervous system (CNS) and cause severe CNS complications or death. The EV-A71 antigen has been detected in the neurons in the brains of humans who died from EV-A71 infection. However, the effect of EV-A71 infection on human neuronal cells remains poorly understood. Human neural stem cells (NSCs) and IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells were differentiated into neuronal cells for this study. Although the neuronal cells were permissive to EV-A71 infection, EV-A71 infection did not induce an obvious cytopathic effect on the neuronal cells. EV-A71 infection did not induce apoptosis in neuronal cells. However, autophagy and autophagic flux were induced in EV-A71-infected neuronal cells. The production of autophagosomes was shown to be important for EV-A71 viral RNA (vRNA) replication in neuronal cells.
Beneficial effect of STAT3 decoy oligodeoxynucleotide transfection on organ injury and mortality in mice with cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis
Authors: Imbaby Samar , Matsuda Naoyuki , Tomita Kengo , Hattori Kohshi , Palikhe Sailesh , Yokoo Hiroki , Hattori Yuichi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSepsis is a major clinical challenge with unacceptably high mortality. The signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) family of transcription factors is known to activate critical mediators of cytokine responses, and, among this family, STAT3 is implicated to be a key transcription factor in both immunity and inflammatory pathways. We investigated whether in vivo introduction of synthetic double-stranded STAT3 decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) can provide benefits for reducing organ injury and mortality in mice with cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced polymicrobial sepsis. We found that STAT3 was rapidly activated in major end-organ tissues following CLP, which was accompanied by activation of the upstream kinase JAK2. Transfection of STAT3 decoy ODNs downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine overproduction in CLP mice. Moreover, STAT3 decoy ODN transfection significantly reduced the increases in tissue mRNAs and proteins of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and strongly suppressed the excessive elevation in serum HMGB1 levels in CLP mice. Finally, STAT3 decoy ODN administration minimized the development of sepsis-driven major end-organ injury and led to a significant survival advantage in mice after CLP. Our results suggest a critical role of STAT3 in the sepsis pathophysiology and the potential usefulness of STAT3 decoy ODNs for sepsis gene therapy.
A novel WD40-repeat protein involved in formation of epidermal bladder cells in the halophyte quinoa
Authors: Imamura Tomohiro , Yasui Yasuo , Koga Hironori , Takagi Hiroki , Abe Akira , Nishizawa Kanako , Mizuno Nobuyuki , Ohki Shinya , Mizukoshi Hiroharu , Mori Masashi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHalophytes are plants that grow in high-salt environments and form characteristic epidermal bladder cells (EBCs) that are important for saline tolerance. To date, however, little has been revealed about the formation of these structures. To determine the genetic basis for their formation, we applied ethylmethanesulfonate mutagenesis and obtained two mutants with reduced levels of EBCs (rebc) and abnormal chloroplasts. In silico subtraction experiments revealed that the rebc phenotype was caused by mutation of REBC, which encodes a WD40 protein that localizes to the nucleus and chloroplasts. Phylogenetic and transformant analyses revealed that the REBC protein differs from TTG1, a WD40 protein involved in trichome formation. Furthermore, rebc mutants displayed damage to their shoot apices under abiotic stress, suggesting that EBCs may protect the shoot apex from such stress. These findings will help clarify the mechanisms underlying EBC formation and function.
Eruptions from coronal hole bright points: Observations and non-potential modelling
Authors: Madjarska Maria S. , Galsgaard Klaus , Mackay Duncan H. , Koleva Kostadinka , Dechev Momchil 
Published: September 2020

Context. We report on the third part of a series of studies on eruptions associated with small-scale loop complexes named coronal bright points (CBPs).
Aims. A single case study of a CBP in an equatorial coronal hole with an exceptionally large size is investigated to expand on our understanding of the formation of mini-filaments, their destabilisation, and the origin of the eruption triggering the formation of jet-like features recorded in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray emission. We aim to explore the nature of the so-called micro-flares in CBPs associated with jets in coronal holes and mini coronal mass ejections in the quiet Sun.
Methods. Co-observations from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) and Helioseismic Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory as well as GONG Hα images are used together with a non-linear force free field (NLFFF) relaxation approach, where the latter is based on a time series of HMI line-of-sight magnetograms.
Results. A mini-filament (MF) that formed beneath the CBP arcade about 3−4 h before the eruption is seen in the Hα and EUV AIA images to lift up and erupt triggering the formation of an X-ray jet. No significant photospheric magnetic flux concentration displacement (convergence) is observed and neither is magnetic flux cancellation between the two main magnetic polarities forming the CBP in the time period leading to MF lift-off. The CBP micro-flare is associated with three flare kernels that formed shortly after the MF lift-off. No observational signature is found for magnetic reconnection beneath the erupting MF. The applied NLFFF modelling successfully reproduces both the CBP loop complex as well as the magnetic flux rope that hosts the MF during the build-up to the eruption.
Conclusions. The applied NLFFF modelling is able to clearly show that an initial potential field can be evolved into a non-potential magnetic field configuration that contains free magnetic energy in the region that observationally hosts the eruption. The comparison of the magnetic field structure shows that the magnetic NLFFF model contains many of the features that can explain the different observational signatures found in the evolution and eruption of the CBP. In the future, it may eventually indicate the location of destabilisation that results in the eruptions of flux ropes.
Systemic Effects of Metals Released from Arthroplasty Implants – a Brief Summary
Authors: Rakow Anastasia , Schoon Janosch 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn recent years, increasing concern has been raised regarding potential systemic toxicity of metals released from arthroplasty implants. A lack of valid metal thresholds for human (organ) toxicity and the prospect of multi-decade survival of modern hip and knee replacements pose special challenges. Indeed, evidence of systemic effects of metals released from such implants is largely missing. Systemic cobalt exposure has repeatedly been associated with cardiotoxic and neurotoxic effects, and also with thyroid dysfunction. The toxic potential of chromium is considered less pronounced. Yet, in arthroplasty there is usually a co-exposure to chromium and cobalt which complicates evaluation of element-specific effects. Toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles has been subject to debate among international regulatory authorities. Their wide use in a variety of products in everyday life, such as toothpaste, cosmetics and food colorants, hampers the assessment of an
arthroplasty-induced systemic titanium exposure. To date there is no clear evidence for systemic complications due to titanium dioxide released from arthroplasty implants. Release of further metals such as tantalum, niobium, nickel, vanadium and zirconium from hip and knee replacement implants has been described occasionally, but systemic effects of respective long-term exposure scenarios are unknown. Generally, the characterization of all released metals regarding their chemical and physical specifications is critical for the evaluation of potential systemic risks. Systematic studies investigating the accumulation of metals relevant in arthroplasty in different organs/organ systems and the biological consequences of such accumulations are urgently needed.
Einflussfaktoren auf das väterliche Erleben der Geburt im Kreißsaal: Eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Krulis Jennifer , König-Bachmann Martina , Zenzmaier Christoph 
Published: September 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Der Großteil der werdenden Väter ist heute bei
der Geburt seiner Kinder im Kreißsaal zugegen. Dabei stellt die
Anwesenheit der werdenden Väter ein bedeutendes Ereignis in deren Leben
dar.
Ziel dieser Studie ist es, beeinflussende Faktoren auf das
väterliche Geburtserleben im Kreißsaal zu identifizieren.
Material und Methoden Die Erfahrungen von 12 erstmaligen Vätern
während Schwangerschaft und Geburt und ihr Erleben der Geburt im
Kreißsaal wurden mittels problemzentrierter Interviews erfasst. Die
transkribierten und anonymisierten Interviews wurden mittels Inhaltsanalyse nach
Mayring analysiert.
Ergebnisse Alle Väter beurteilten das Erleben der Geburt ihres
Kindes retrospektiv positiv. Eine Vielzahl an potentiellen Einflussfaktoren auf
das väterliche Geburtserleben konnten eruiert werden, sowohl
biografische Einflussfaktoren, als auch Einflussfaktoren während der
Schwangerschaft und der Geburt. Insbesondere zeigte sich das medizinische
Fachpersonal von Bedeutung, im Speziellen die Hebamme.
Schlussfolgerung Das medizinische Fachpersonal sollte dem
väterlichen Geburtserleben mehr Aufmerksamkeit schenken. Der Fokus
für weitere Forschung könnte auf Konzepte zur Förderung
eines positiven Geburtserlebens der Väter gelegt werden.
The Role of Melatonin, IL-8 and IL-10 in Intrahepatic Cholestasis of
Pregnancy
Authors: Çelik Samettin , Guve Huri , Çalışkan Canan , Çelik Sebahattin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is a
pregnancy-specific liver disease that usually emerges during the third trimester
of pregnancy. It is characterized by itching and elevated serum total bile acid
levels, and it may lead to severe fetal complications. This study aimed to
investigate the role of interleukin-8, a pro-inflammatory cytokine;
interleukin-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine; and melatonin in intrahepatic
cholestasis of pregnancy.
Materials and Methods This prospective, case-controlled study was
conducted with 51 women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (40 mild and
11 severe cases) and 43 healthy pregnant women. Serum interleukin-8,
interleukin-10, and melatonin levels were evaluated.
Results Melatonin and interleukin -10 were significantly lower in
subjects with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (p=0.001;
p=0.001, respectively p<0.05). Interleukin-8 levels were found
to be significantly higher in the cholestasis group than control group
(p=0.001, p<0.05).
Conclusions Because interleukin-8, interleukin-10, and melatonin were
found to be significantly correlated with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy,
we believe this finding could shed light on the etiology of the disease.
Bergrettung im Wandel der Zeit – 100 Jahre Bergwacht in Deutschland
Authors: Lischke Volker , Berner Armin , Schiffer Johannes , Müller Ute , Dehne Marius , Pietsch Urs 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungZu Beginn des letzten Jahrhunderts haben die Freizeitaktivitäten im deutschen Alpenraum und in den Mittelgebirgen rapide zugenommen. Seit der Gründung am 14.06.1920 in München versieht die Bergwacht in Deutschland den Naturschutz- und Rettungsdienst abseits der Straße in unwegsamem Gelände im Gebirge. In diesen Regionen überwiegen traumatologische Not- und Todesfälle gegenüber medizinischen. Die Entwicklung neuer Trendsportarten hat auch die Entwicklung alpiner Rettungstechniken und -gerätschaften geprägt. Moderne Rettungs-/Einsatzhubschrauber mit Rettungswinde oder Fixtau ermöglichen bei Sichtflugbedingungen eine schnelle Zuführung rettungstechnisch und notfallmedizinisch qualifizierter Bergretter und Bergwachtnotärzte sowie einen schnellen Abtransport der notfallmedizinisch versorgten Patienten. Trotz moderner Rettungshubschrauber müssen bodengebundene Rettungsverfahren bei der Bergwacht weiterhin ausgebildet und bei schlechter Sicht, starken Niederschlägen bzw.
teilweise auch bei Nacht jederzeit durchgeführt werden können. Moderne Ausbildungs- und Trainingseinrichtungen der Bergwacht ermöglichen eine situationsgerechte Aus- und Weiterbildung der Bergretter. Die Bergwacht im Deutschen Roten Kreuz versieht zusammen mit der Bergwacht Bayern im Bayerischen Roten Kreuz und der Bergwacht Schwarzwald e. V. die satzungsgemäßen Aufgaben sowie die Anforderungen des „Komplexen Hilfeleistungssystems“ des Deutschen Roten Kreuzes als integraler Bestandteil der präklinischen Notfallrettung abseits der Straße in unwegsamem Gelände seit nunmehr 100 Jahren.
Anatomy of the Orbit
Authors: Lieber Stefan , Fernandez-Miranda Juan C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe orbit is a paired, transversely oval, and cone-shaped osseous cavity bounded and formed by the anterior and middle cranial base as well as the viscerocranium. Its main contents are the anterior part of the visual system, globe and optic nerve, and the associated neural, vascular, muscular, glandular, and ligamentous structures required for oculomotion, lacrimation, accommodation, and sensation.A complex stream of afferent and efferent information passes through the orbit, which necessitates a direct communication with the anterior and middle cranial fossae, the pterygopalatine and infratemporal fossae, as well as the aerated adjacent frontal, sphenoidal, and maxillary sinuses and the nasal cavity.This article provides a detailed illustration and description of the microsurgical anatomy of the orbit, with a focus on the intrinsically complex spatial relationships around the annular tendon and the superior orbital fissure, the transition from cavernous sinus to the orbital apex. Sparse reference will be made to surgical approaches, their indications or limitations, since they are addressed elsewhere in this special issue. Instead, an attempt has been made to highlight anatomical structures and elucidate concepts most relevant to safe and effective transcranial, transfacial, transorbital, or transnasal surgery of orbital, periorbital, and skull base pathologies.
A Retrospective Study of an Updated and Traditional Surgical Approach of the Distally Based Sural Flap
Authors: Xu Heng , Cao Xuexin , Kiu-Huen Sally , Zhu Zhu , Chen Jun , Chi Zhenglin , Zhang Yixin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background The distally based sural flap (DBSF) is one of the armamentarium in the lower limb reconstruction. However, the flap has not gained popularity due to concerns about its reliability and donor site morbidity. Based on the anatomy characterization, we combined and developed five modifications to improve the vascular supply and reduce donor site morbidity.
Patients and Methods The authors performed a comparison of retrospective study that included patients who underwent either traditional distally based sural flap (tDBSF) or modified distally based sural flap (mDBSF) surgery approach for ankle, heel, and dorsal foot coverage between January 2007 and May, 2019. The five modifications developed to improve the reliability of the flap include: 1. shift the pivot point more proximally 7.0 cm above the lateral malleolus, 2. preserve the lesser saphenous vein and include branches that communicates with the flap, 3. harvest thinner fascial pedicle, 4. change the skin incision to “S” shape, 5. closure of the donor site with a propeller flap.
Results Thirty-one patients underwent mDBSF, and 23 received tDBSF. There were no significant differences in the size of the DBSF. Mean pedicle width was significantly narrower in mDBSF (1.63 ± 0.52 cm vs. 3.81 ± 0.70 in tDBSF). The pivot point was also found to be higher in mDBSF (8.01 ± 0.63 cm vs. 5.46 ± 0.56 cm) above the lateral malleolus. In mDBSF, the size of the propeller flap required for donor site closure was 53.45 ± 19.06 cm2 (range 33–80 cm2). The rate of partial necrosis between mDBSF and tDBSF was significantly different (9.68 vs. 34.78%). While the other complications had no difference.
Conclusion The modifications applied to the harvesting of the DBSF have achieved higher survival rate, lower dehiscence rate, and shorter hospital stay time in comparison with traditional approach in our retrospective study.
Final Report of COOMET.M.H-S5
Authors: Skliarov V , Dovshenko J , Menelao F , Borovský J , Kamkova N , Obozny E , Zhamanbalin M 
Published: September 2020

This report describes the results of comparison COOMET.M.H-S5. The comparison measurements between the five participants NSC "IM" (pilot laboratory), PTB, CMI, BelGIM, RSE "KazInMetr" were started in November 2013 and ended in May 2015.
In the RMO SC, one set of hardness reference blocks were used consisting of 5 (five) blocks of the Rockwell scales and hardness levels 80-86 HRA, 80-100 HRBW, 20-30 HRC, 40-50 HRC, 60-70 HRC.
Agreement between results of participants is good.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Leak-free integrated microfluidic channel fabrication for surface plasmon resonance applications
Authors: Bakouche M-T , Ganesan S , Guérin D , Hourlier D , Bouazaoui M , Vilcot J-P , Maricot S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we describe a novel fabrication method of a microfluidic integrated surface plasmon resonance (SPR) gold chip based on a (3-mercaptopropyl) trimethoxy silane (MPTMS) self-assembled monolayer. This monolayer was formed at the surface of a microfluidic chip made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Its presence was confirmed by contact angle and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements on the modified PDMS surface. A basic, but nevertheless appropriate, 4-channel microfluidic system was made on PDMS and reported on a gold SPR sensor. Sealing tests were carried-out by injecting continuous flows of solutions under gradient pressure up to 1.8 bar. Bonding strength of chemical and corona binding were measured and compared. The test of the integrated microfluidic SPR sensor on an SPR bench validated its functionality and proved as well that no leakage is observed between the different microfluidic channels.
The wide-angle broadband absorption and polarization separation in the one-dimensional magnetized ferrite photonic crystals arranged by the Dodecanacci sequence under the transverse magnetization configuration
Authors: Guo Sijia , Mao Mingyu , Zhou Ziwei , Zhang Dan , Zhang Haifeng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Utilizing the transfer matrix method, a multifunctional infrared device possessing the properties of the wide-angle broadband absorption and the polarization separation based on the one-dimensional (1-D) magnetized ferrite photonic crystals (MFPCs) arranged by the Dodecanacci sequence is designed theoretically under the modulation of the external magnetic field. The magneto-optical effect generated in the proposed MFPCs gives birth to the ultra-broadband absorption regions under the transverse electric (TE) mode, one runs at 16.22 THz –30.89 THz and the other covers at 33.52 THz–70.00 THz. The mechanism of the wide-angle (at most 80.89° for TE mode) absorption is analyzed by the interference cancellation condition. Moreover, owing to the different effective permeabilities of the MFPCs under the two polarization modes, the propagation behaviors of the electromagnetic (EM) wave are diverse which present the absorption features under the TE mode and show the transmission properties under the transverse magnetic (TM) mode in the structure. Compared with the periodic and Thue-Morse structures, the complex symmetry of the Dodecanacci sequence makes the absorption features of the MFPCs superior to that of the former. Besides, the influences of the magnetic field intensity and the dielectrics’ thicknesses on the angle-insensitive absorption and polarization separation characteristics are discussed explicitly. This research provides meaningful guidance for the modulation and absorption of the infrared light wave and the design of the multifunctional magnetically tunable optoelectric device.
Parameter estimation for pattern formation induced by ion bombardment of solid surfaces using deep learning
Authors: Loew Kevin M , Bradley R Mark 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The nanostructures produced by oblique-incidence broad beam ion bombardment of a solid surface are usually modelled by the anisotropic Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation. This equation has five parameters, each of which depend on the target material and the ion species, energy, and angle of incidence. We have developed a deep learning model that uses a single image of the surface to estimate all five parameters in the equation of motion with root-mean-square errors that are under 3% of the parameter ranges used for training. This provides a tool that will allow experimentalists to quickly ascertain the parameters for a given sputtering experiment. It could also provide an independent check on other methods of estimating parameters such as atomistic simulations combined with the crater function formalism.
Design and analysis of high-frequency fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor
Authors: Wu Hao , Lin Qijing , Han Feng , Zhao Libo , Jiang Zhuangde 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor has received a lot of attention due to its unique performance. However, the natural frequency of the sensor limits its development and application. This paper presents an acceleration sensor with an isosceles triangular cantilever and mass block structure, which has high natural frequency and high sensitivity. The optical fiber sensing system consists of two fiber gratings. One section of the fiber grating is pasted on the cantilever and serves as an accelerometer; the other is used as a reference grating. The first-order natural frequency of the accelerometer is 8356 Hz, and its sensitivity is 0.46 pm g−1. A vibration test confirms the reliability of the sensor, and the resonant frequency of the sensor is 8193 Hz. The principle of light intensity demodulation is adopted in the sensor system and its sensitivity is 45.82 mV g−1 with a linearity of 0.997. The sensor has the advantages of high frequency and sensitivity, and thus can be applied to the rail transit bearing systems