bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contemporary Trends and Outcomes of Percutaneous and Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Guha Avirup , Dey Amit K. , Arora Sameer , Cavender Matthew A. , Vavalle John P. , Sabik Joseph F. , Jimenez Ernesto , Jneid Hani , Addison Daniel 
Published: January 2020

Background

Patients with cancer and severe aortic stenosis are often ineligible for surgical aortic valve replacement (
SAVR
). Patients with cancer may likely benefit from emerging transcatheter aortic valve replacement (
TAVR
), given its minimally invasive nature.

Methods and Results

The
US
‐based National Inpatient Sample was queried between 2012 and 2015 using
International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification
(
ICD‐9‐CM
), codes to identify all hospitalized adults (aged ≥50 years), who had a primary diagnosis of aortic stenosis. We examined the effect modification of cancer on the relative use rate, outcomes, and dispositions associated with propensity‐matched cohort
TAVR
versus
SAVR
. Overall, 47 295
TAVRs
(22.6% comorbid cancer) and 113 405
SAVRs
(15.2% comorbid cancer) were performed among admissions with aortic stenosis between 2012 and 2015. In the year 2015, patients with cancer saw relatively higher rates of
TAVR
use compared with
SAVR
(relative use rate
TAVR
versus relative use rate
SAVR
, 67.8% versus 57.2%;
P
<0.0001). Among patients with cancer,
TAVR
was associated with lower odds of acute kidney injury (odds ratio, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.54–0.75) and major bleeding (odds ratio, 0.44; 95%
CI
, 0.38–0.51]), with no differences in in‐hospital mortality and stroke compared with
SAVR
. In addition,
TAVR
was associated with higher odds of home discharge (odds ratio, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.68–2.19) compared with
SAVR
among patients with cancer. Lower risk of acute kidney injury was noted in cancer versus noncancer (
P
<0.001) undergoing
TAVR
versus
SAVR
in effect modification analysis.

Conclusions

TAVR
use has increased irrespective of cancer status, with a greater increase in cancer versus noncancer. In patients with cancer, there was an association of
TAVR
with lower periprocedural complications and better disposition when compared with patients undergoing
SAVR
.
Changes in Cardiovascular Biomarkers With Breast Cancer Therapy and Associations With Cardiac Dysfunction
Authors: Demissei Biniyam G. , Hubbard Rebecca A. , Zhang Liyong , Smith Amanda M. , Sheline Karyn , McDonald Caitlin , Narayan Vivek , Domchek Susan M. , DeMichele Angela , Shah Payal , Clark Amy S. , Fox Kevin , Matro Jennifer , Bradbury Angela R. , Knollman Hayley , Getz Kelly D. , Armenian Saro H. , Januzzi James L. , Tang W. H. Wilson , Liu Peter , Ky Bonnie 
Published: January 2020

Background

We examined the longitudinal associations between changes in cardiovascular biomarkers and cancer therapy–related cardiac dysfunction (
CTRCD
) in patients with breast cancer treated with cardotoxic cancer therapy.

Methods and Results

Repeated measures of high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs‐
cTnT
),
NT
‐pro
BNP
(N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide), myeloperoxidase, placental growth factor, and growth differentiation factor 15 were assessed longitudinally in a prospective cohort of 323 patients treated with anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab followed over a maximum of 3.7 years with serial echocardiograms.
CTRCD
was defined as a ≥10% decline in left ventricular ejection fraction to a value <50%. Associations between changes in biomarkers and left ventricular ejection fraction were evaluated in repeated‐measures linear regression models. Cox regression models assessed the associations between biomarkers and
CTRCD
. Early increases in all biomarkers occurred with anthracycline‐based regimens. hs‐
cTnT
levels >14 ng/L at anthracycline completion were associated with a 2‐fold increased
CTRCD
risk (hazard ratio, 2.01; 95%
CI
, 1.00–4.06). There was a modest association between changes in
NT
‐pro
BNP
and left ventricular ejection fraction in the overall cohort; this was most pronounced with sequential anthracycline and trastuzumab (1.1% left ventricular ejection fraction decline [95%
CI
, −1.8 to –0.4] with each
NT
‐pro
BNP
doubling). Increases in
NT
‐pro
BNP
were also associated with
CTRCD
(hazard ratio per doubling, 1.56; 95%
CI
, 1.32–1.84). Increases in myeloperoxidase were associated with
CTRCD
in patients who received sequential anthracycline and trastuzumab (hazard ratio per doubling, 1.28; 95%
CI
, 1.04–1.58).

Conclusions

Cardiovascular biomarkers may play an important role in
CTRCD
risk prediction in patients with breast cancer who receive cardiotoxic cancer therapy, particularly in those treated with sequential anthracycline and trastuzumab therapy.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/
. Unique identifier:
NCT
01173341.
Accelerated Resolution Therapy: Randomized Controlled Trial of a Complicated Grief Intervention
Authors: Buck Harleah G. , Cairns Paula , Emechebe Nnadozie , Hernandez Diego F. , Mason Tina M. , Bell Jesse , Kip Kevin E. , Barrison Philip , Tofthagen Cindy 
Published: January 2020

Background and Objectives: Complicated grief (CG) is severe, prolonged (>12 months) grieving. Complicated grief disproportionately affects older adults and is associated with negative physical/psychological effects. Although treatment options exist, those which do are time-intensive. We report on a randomized clinical trial (RCT) which examined whether accelerated resolution therapy (ART), a novel mind-body therapy, is effective in treating CG, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression among hospice informal caregivers. Research Design and Methods: Prospective 2 group, wait-listed RCT. All participants were scheduled to receive 4 ART sessions. Inclusion: ≥60 years, inventory of CG >25, and PTSD checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition >33 or Psychiatric Diagnostic Screen Questionnaire PTSD subscale >5. Exclusion: Major psychiatric disorder, other current psychotherapy treatment. Depression was measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression. Results: Mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 54 participants was 68.7 (7.2) years, 85% female, and 93% white. Participants assigned to ART reported significantly greater mean (SD) CG reduction (−22.8 [10.3]) versus Wait-list participants (−4.3 [6.0]). Within-participant effect sizes (ESs) for change from baseline to 8-week post-treatment were CG (ES = 1.96 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45-2.47; P < .0001), PTSD (ES = 2.40 [95% CI: 1.79-3.00]; P < .0001), depression (ES = 1.63 [95% CI: 1.18-2.08; P < .0001). Treatment effects did not substantially differ by baseline symptom levels. Discussion and Implications: Results suggests that ART presents an effective and less time-intensive intervention for CG in older adults. However, it should undergo further effectiveness testing in a larger, more diverse clinical trial with a focus on determining physiological or behavioral mechanisms of action.
Assessing utility of a lifestyle-based tool in the clinical setting as a primordial prevention strategy: The Healthy Heart Score
Authors: Buls Samantha , Beverly Elizabeth A , Berryman Darlene E , Sotos-Prieto Mercedes 
Published: January 2020

Objective To evaluate the opinions of primary health-care providers and patients regarding the use of the Healthy Heart Score 20-year cardiovascular disease risk assessment tool in the clinical setting. Methods Semi-structured in person or phone interviews among 20 patients with no self-reported cardiovascular disease diagnoses and 20 health-care providers in Central (Columbus) and Southeastern (Athens) regions of Ohio. The researchers independently coded transcribed interviews, discussed codes to resolve discrepancies, and agreed on common themes. Results Participants suggested ways to best utilize and improve the tool, including adding graphics for visual reference of serving size. Patients showed interest in cardiovascular disease primordial prevention and expressed willingness to take the assessment prior to seeing a health-care provider. Health-care providers said that they would recommend the assessment to their patients and would be willing to use the tool in their practice. Health-care providers stated few barriers to using the tool, yet discussed numerous challenges to successful primordial prevention. Conclusions Our findings support the utilization of the Healthy Heart Score as a cardiovascular disease primordial prevention tool in the clinical setting. Additional research implementing the tool into the clinical setting will provide deeper insight into how the tool can impact behavior change and cardiovascular disease prevention.
Platina in the 18th century: mineralogy of the crude concentrate used in the first modern attempts at refining platinum
Authors: Gervilla Fernando , García-Guinea Javier , Capitán-Vallvey Luis Fermín 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA platina sample brought to Spain in the last quarter of the 18th century is nowadays exhibited at the National Museum of Natural Sciences in Madrid. It originated from the ancient Mineralogical Museum of the School of Applied Chemistry at El Turco Street in Madrid and most probably corresponds to the material used by François Chabaneau for his experiments to purify platinum metal in the late 18th century. The sample is a heavy-mineral concentrate consisting of Pt–Fe alloys and gold nuggets associated with ilmenite–hematite, chromian spinel, goethite and minor quartz, sphene, rutile, magnetite, hornblende, garnet, calcite, pyrite, native bismuth and bismite. The Pt–Fe alloys exhibit a characteristic composition (81.97–90.75 wt.% Pt and 5.08–10.81 wt.% Fe with minor amounts of Cu, Os, Ir, Ru, Rh and Pd) and mineralogy of solid inclusions (abundant inclusions of Ir alloy as well as Os alloy, laurite–erlichmanite, bowieite, tulameenite and undetermined Pt–Pd–Ir–Rh antimonides and tellurides) that are very similar to those Pt–Fe alloys currently mined in western Colombia (the Chocó Department). These features allow us to discuss the provenance of the sample (probably from the proximal or medial reaches of any of the Chocó rivers) and evaluate the suitability of the Chabaneau's method for purifying platina. Our results show that the method became effective only with platina samples depleted or lacking iridium.
HIV-1 CRF01_AE subtype and HIV-1 DNA level among patients with chronic HIV-1 infection: a correlation study
Authors: Lyu Tingxia , Yue Yongsong , Hsieh Evelyn , Han Yang , Zhu Ting , Song Xiaojing , Cao Wei , Lyu Wei , Wang Jianhua , Li Taisheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of HIV-1 subtype (CRF01_AE and non-CRF01_AE) on HIV-1 DNA levels in HIV-1 chronically infected patients with suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains poorly understood. To evaluate the correlation of HIV-1 subtype with DNA level, and identify baseline predictors of HIV-1 DNA decay.MethodsART-naïve HIV-1-infected patients from two large multi-center studies in China were classified into CRF01_AE and non-CRF01_AE subtype groups. Peripheral blood samples were collected at baseline and week 12, 24, 48 and 96 after ART initiation and total HIV-1 DNA levels were quantified by real-time PCR. HIV-1 DNA levels at week 96 were categorized into high, moderate, and low levels, reflecting HIV-1 DNA ≥ 3, 2–3, ≤ 2 log10copies/106PBMCs, respectively, and the corresponding proportion of CRF01_AE and non-CRF01_AE subtype were compared. The baseline predictors of low HIV-1 total DNA levels (≤ 2 log10copies/106PBMCs) at week 96 were evaluated using a logistic regression model.ResultsCompared to the non-CRF01_AE subtypes (n = 185), patients with CRF01_AE subtype (n = 188) harboured a higher level of HIV-1 DNA (median: 3.19 vs. 2.95 log10copies/106PBMCs,P < 0.001) prior to treatment. After 96 weeks of ART, HIV-1 DNA levels remained higher in the CRF01_AE subtype group (median: 2.63 vs. 2.39 log10copies/106PBMCs,P = 0.002). There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients achieving high (22.3% vs. 14.6%,P = 0.054), moderate (59.6% vs. 60.5%,P = 0.849) and low levels (18.1% vs 24.9%,P = 0.111) between CRF01_AE and non-CRF01_AE groups. In the multivariable analysis, baseline HIV-1 DNA level and CD4+T cell count but not the subtype were independent risk factors for achieving HIV-1 DNA level ≤ 2 log10copies/106PBMCs.ConclusionHIV-1 CRF01_AE subtype is neither correlated with HIV-1 DNA reservoir decline nor a prognostic factor for achieving lower HIV-1 DNA levels (≤ 2 log10copies/106PBMCs) after ART. However, higher HIV-1 DNA level in HIV-1 CRF01_AE patients should be aroused much attention and strengthen surveillance during ART.
A case report of Proteus syndrome (PS)
Authors: Zeng Xiaoyun , Wen Xiaoming , Liang Xinxin , Wang Lina , Xu Lingling 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Proteus syndrome (PS) is an extremely rare disease characterized by excessive chimeric growth of cells, and progressive and irregular asymmetrical hyperplasia.

Case presentation
Herein, a PS case with atypical clinical features and syndromes was reported, to improve the understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The case was a 3-year-and-11-month-old male child. He was admitted due to a primary diagnosis of McCune-Albright syndrome. After admission, the lesion samples from the milk coffee spots, and nodular thickening skin at hands and feet were subjected to genetic screening. Genetic testing results confirmed the diagnosis of PS.

Conclusions
Based on the clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, imaging data, and literature reviewing, the etiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of PS have been analyzed and discussed.
Utilization of Partograph and its associated factors among midwives working in public health institutions, Addis Ababa City Administration,Ethiopia,2017
Authors: Hagos Azeb Abrham , Teka Eshetu Cherinet , Degu Genet 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Partograph is cost effective and affordable tool designed to provide a continuous pictorial overview and labour progress used to prevent prolonged and obstructed labour. It consists of key information about progress of labour, fetal condition and maternal condition. Its role is to improve outcomes and predict the progress of labour. The aim of this study was to assess utilization of partograph and its predictors among midwives working in public health facilities, Addis Ababa city administration, Ethiopia, 2017.

Methods
An institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from 15/10/2017–15/12/2017.Simple random sampling under multistage sampling technique was applied to select a total of 605 midwives working in maternity unit of selected public health facilities. Data were collected using structured self-administered questionnaire. Checklist based direct observations were made to all midwife participants to determine the actual practical use of partograph. Data first entered in to EpiInfo version 3.5.1 and transported to SPSS Version 21.Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and median were calculated. Biviriate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were applied. Any personal identification of the study participants was not recorded during data collection to ensure confidentiality of information.

Results
In this study, the utilization of partograph was 409(69%) out of 594 study participants. Being mentored(AOR = 3.1; 95% CI: 1.7, 5.3),received training (AOR = 2.4; 95% CI:1.5,3.6),being knowledgeable about partograph (AOR = 1.6; 95% CI: 1.1, 2.5), health center workers(AOR = 12.6; 95% CI:5.1,31.6),supportive supervision 4 times per year (AOR = 18.6; 95% CI: 6.6,25),supportive supervision twice per a year (AOR = 4.7; 95% CI: 1.9, 11.3),supportive supervision once per year (AOR =3.8;95% CI:1.7,8.8) were positive predictors of partograph utilization. Two midwives per shift (AOR = 0.101; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.65), and 4 per shift (AOR = 0.105, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.40) were protective predictors of partograph utilization.

Conclusions
More than half of the respondents utilized partograph. All public health institutions avail partograph in their laboring room but didn’t utilize it according to WHO recommended standard. Working facility, supportive supervision, mentoring, training on partograph, number of midwives working per shift, and knowledge were factors affecting partograph utilization. Encouraging interventions are recommended to the response of the above significantly associated factors.
The relative risk of second primary cancers in Switzerland: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors:   the NICER Working Group, Feller Anita , Matthes Katarina L. , Bordoni Andrea , Bouchardy Christine , Bulliard Jean-Luc , Herrmann Christian , Konzelmann Isabelle , Maspoli Manuela , Mousavi Mohsen , Rohrmann Sabine , Staehelin Katharina , Arndt Volker 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
More people than ever before are currently living with a diagnosis of cancer and the number of people concerned is likely to continue to rise. Cancer survivors are at risk of developing a second primary cancer (SPC). This study aims to investigate the risk of SPC in Switzerland.

Methods
The study cohort included all patients with a first primary cancer recorded in 9 Swiss population-based cancer registries 1981–2009 who had a minimum survival of 6 months, and a potential follow-up until the end of 2014. We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) to estimate relative risks (RR) of SPC in cancer survivors compared with the cancer risk of the general population. SIR were stratified by type of first cancer, sex, age and period of first diagnosis, survival period and site of SPC.

Results
A total of 33,793 SPC were observed in 310,113 cancer patients. Both male (SIR 1.18, 95%CI 1.16–1.19) and female (SIR 1.20, 95%CI 1.18–1.22) cancer survivors had an elevated risk of developing a SPC. Risk estimates varied substantially according to type of first cancer and were highest in patients initially diagnosed with cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx, Hodgkin lymphoma, laryngeal, oesophageal, or lung cancer. Age-stratified analyses revealed a tendency towards higher RR in patients first diagnosed at younger ages. Stratified by survival period, risk estimates showed a rising trend with increasing time from the initial diagnosis. We observed strong associations between particular types of first and SPC, i.e. cancer types sharing common risk factors such as smoking or alcohol consumption (e.g. repeated cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx (SIRmales 20.12, 95%CI 17.91–22.33; SIRfemales 37.87, 95%CI 30.27–45.48).

Conclusion
Swiss cancer survivors have an increased risk of developing a SPC compared to the general population, particularly patients first diagnosed before age 50 and those surviving more than 10 years. Cancer patients should remain under continued surveillance not only for recurrent cancers but also for new cancers. Some first and SPCs share lifestyle associated risk factors making it important to promote healthier lifestyles in both the general population and cancer survivors.
The protective effect of alcohol consumption on the incidence of cardiovascular diseases: is it real? A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies conducted in community settings
Authors: Yoon Seok-Joon , Jung Jin-Gyu , Lee Sami , Kim Jong-Sung , Ahn Soon-ki , Shin Ein-Soon , Jang Ji-Eun , Lim Sang-Hyun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
This study investigated the dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and CVD incidence, conducting a meta-analysis of studies focusing on residents from local communities. Further, we examined whether light to moderate alcohol consumption had a protective effect on CVD incidence through a sub-group analysis.

Methods
This study conducted a meta-analysis of the relationship between alcohol consumption and CVD incidence, selecting journals published up to December 2017. The alcohol consumption level was classified into non-consumers, light (0.01–10.0 g/day), light to moderate (10.1–20.0 g/day), moderate (20.1–40.0 g/day), moderate to high (40.1–60.0 g/day), and high (> 60.0 g/day) groups. The sub-group analysis was conducted according to the number of comorbidities and age.

Results
Seven articles were selected in total for the meta-analysis. The mean Newcastle-Ottawa scale score was 8.14 points, suggesting studies were of high quality. There was a J-shaped dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption level and CVD incidence only in men. In general, light to moderate and moderate consumption lowered CVD incidence (Relative risk (RR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] was 0.68 [0.57–0.81] and 0.72 [0.58–0.90], respectively). In men with 3–4 comorbidities, there were no protective effects of light to moderate and moderate consumption on CVD incidence. In either groups of only men or men and women there were protective effects of light to moderate and moderate consumption on CVD incidence only in those aged between 41 and 65.

Discussion
We found that light to moderate and moderate alcohol consumption had a protective effect on CVD incidence, there was no protective effect either in those with at least three comorbidities or people aged 40 or younger.

Conclusions
We conclude that not all local community residents experience a protective effect of light to moderate consumption on CVD incidence. As such, it is necessary to recommend a moderate amount of drinking or less for each individual.
Comprehensive molecular characterization of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) for therapeutic targeting in cancer
Authors: Liang Jianfeng , Zhao Wanni , Tong Pan , Li Ping , Zhao Yuanli , Li Hua , Liang Jun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are a family of antiapoptotic proteins modulating cell cycle, signal transduction and apoptosis. Dysregulated IAPs have been reported to contribute to tumor progression and chemoresistance in various cancers. However, existing studies were sporadic and only focus on one specific cancer with one particular gene in the IAPs family. A systematic investigation on the co-expression pattern, regulation frameworks on various pathways, prognostic utility on patient outcomes, and predictive value on drug sensitivity among all the IAPs across multiple tumor types was lacking.

Methods
Leveraging The Cancer Genome Atlas data with comprehensive genomic characterizations on 9714 patients across 32 tumor types and the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer data with both genomic characterizations and drug sensitivity data on > 1000 cell lines, we investigated the co-expression pattern of IAPs, their regulations of apoptosis as well as other pathways and clinical relevance of IAPs for therapeutics development.

Results
We discovered diverse expression pattern among IAPs, varied spectrum of apoptosis regulations through IAPs and extensive regulations beyond apoptosis involving immune response, cell cycle, gene expression and DNA damage repair. Importantly, IAPs were strong prognostic factors for patient survival and tumor stage in several tumor types including brain, liver, kidney, breast and lung cancer. Further, several IAPs were found to be predictive of sensitivity to BCL-2 inhibitors (BIRC3, BIRC5, BIRC6, and BIRC7) as well as RIPK1 inhibitors (BIRC3 and BIRC6).

Conclusion
Together, our work revealed the landscape of regulations, prognostic utilities and therapeutic relevance of IAPs across multiple tumor types.