bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les orphelins mineurs confrontés à la monoparentalité et le droit
Authors: Monteil Marine 
Published: March 2020

La fonction parentale, qui est organisée par principe sur une répartition égale des pouvoirs entre les parents, est déséquilibrée à la mort de l’un d’entre eux. Le parent vivant est désormais investi de plein droit de l’ensemble des attributs de l’autorité parentale et de l’administration légale ; il prend seul toutes les décisions relatives à la vie du mineur, le représente et assume l’entièreté de ses besoins matériels. Ses prérogatives sont intensifiées dès lors que les contre-pouvoirs accordés au prémourant disparaissent avec lui. Par ailleurs, depuis l’ordonnance du 15 octobre 2015, le parent vivant peut faire sans autorisation judiciaire tous les actes de gestion à l’exception de ceux énumérés aux articles 387-1 et 387-2 du Code civil. Ce système de liste d’actes proposé par les nouveaux textes ne protège pas suffisamment les intérêts du mineur orphelin [1] .
Changer de sexe et de sexualité
Authors: Beaubatie Emmanuel 
Published: March 2020

Résumé La sexualité est peu explorée dans les recherches en sciences sociales sur le changement de sexe. Pourtant, elle joue un rôle primordial dans les parcours de transition. Fondé sur une enquête par entretiens et sur des analyses secondaires d’une enquête quantitative, cet article avance que les orientations sexuelles ont des significations genrées qui contribuent à faire ou à défaire l’appartenance à une catégorie de sexe ou à l’autre. Avant la transition, la moitié des femmes trans’ étaient des hommes hétérosexuels, tandis que les hommes trans’ étaient presque tous lesbiennes. Au fil du changement de sexe, nombreuses sont les femmes trans’ qui s’orientent vers l’hétérosexualité féminine, alors que le groupe des hommes trans’ se gayifie. Si l’hétérosexualité forge davantage la féminité que la masculinité, l’homosexualité émancipe plus de la première que de la seconde. Toutefois, les orientations sexuelles ont également des significations relatives à la classe : pour les hommes trans’ notamment, le fait de se dire gay peut parfois relever d’une logique de distinction.
A Novel Neutralizing Antibody Targeting a Unique Cross-Reactive Epitope on the hi Loop of Domain II of the Envelope Protein Protects Mice against Duck Tembusu Virus
Authors: Chen Xueming , Li Chenxi , Lin Weiwei , Li Tongtong , Li Xiaojun , Bai Xiaofei , Wulin Shaozhou , Zhang Qingshan , Li Shuang , Liu Ming , Liu Jyung-Hurng , Zhang Yun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The Flavivirus E protein induces protective immunity, and its Abs cause serious problems for serodiagnosis because of the difficulty in differentiating cross-reactive Abs. Moreover, cross-reactive Abs may increase disease severity after secondary Flavivirus infections via Ab-dependent enhancement. Cross-reactive epitopes are therefore critical for understanding serodiagnosis and improving the general knowledge of Flavivirus infections. A minimal epitope, 227GSSAGTWQN235, was identified by a neutralizing mAb 1G2 against duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV), which recognized only monomer E protein under nonreducing conditions. It was unexpectedly found that mutations in the epitope residues G231 or W233 completely abolished reactivity to 1G2 and sera from mice infected with Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, and Zika virus. An immunofluorescence assay confirmed that mAb 1G2 could cross-react with the E proteins from Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus, and Zika virus. Protein and virus modeling revealed that the epitope was surface accessible in the mature virus and located in the hi loop of domain II. The neutralization of DTMUV by 1G2 played a clear therapeutic role in mouse models. The passive transfer of 1G2 resulted in 100% survival, reduced weight loss, and the complete clearance of DTMUV from the blood of BALB/c mice. Our findings document, for the first time to our knowledge, that mAb 1G2 targets the cross-reactive epitope on the hi loop of domain II in the E protein and might be of potential therapeutic value in treating DTMUV infection and improve the understanding of the issues related to serodiagnosis.
INFLUÊNCIA DA FIBRA DE AÇO SOBRE A RESISTÊNCIA RESIDUAL À TRAÇÃO POR FLEXÃO OBTIDA SEGUNDO O RILEM TC 162-TDF (2002)
Authors: Borba Fernando Vasconcelos , Da Rocha Jorcelan Pereira 
Published: March 2020

RESUMO: A caracterização de peças reforçadas com fibra de aço à tração pode ser realizada por meio de ensaios de tração direta, ou de compressão diametral ou de flexão. No que diz respeito aos ensaios de flexão, o RILEM TC 162-TDF (2002), além de descrever os procedimentos para a realização do referido ensaio, também avalia o comportamento à tração em termos das curvas carga x deslocamento e carga x CMOD (Crack Mouth Opening Displacement). O presente trabalho tensiona estudar as resistências residuais à tração na flexão ( ). Nesse contexto, coletou-se da literatura um banco de dados formado por 46 ensaios de flexão em três pontos de prismas entalhados, será apresentado e avaliado, através de um estudo estatístico, para que propostas sejam estabelecidas para estimar as resistências residuais à tração na flexão (i = 1, 2, 3 e 4). Além disso, também será analisado a capacidade destas propostas em reproduzir as relações tensão-CMOD e tensão-deslocamento, as quais são regularmente obtidas a partir do ensaio de flexão em três pontos de prismas entalhados. A análise dos resultados quanto à capacidade de estimar as resistências residuais obtidas em ensaios foi favorável. Evidencia-se o desempenho das estimativas de (i = 1, 2 e 4), com MED ? 1,0 e CV < 25 %. A estimativa de fR3 foi mais dispersa, com Média ? 1,0 e coeficiente de variação > 25 %, dado o elevado nível de fissuração do prisma no momento do registro dessa resistência. Por fim, este trabalho tem grande importância no meio cientifico principalmente, pois a fibra de aço é um material que vem sendo estudado a bastante tempo, e por se tratar de um material complexo, necessita-se um estudo prévio do comportamento da resistência á flexão de vigas reforçadas com fibra de aço, tendo como principal objetivo determinar valores (i = 1, 2, 3 e 4) de ensaio de flexão em três pontos de prismas entalhados.
Lack of Standardization in the Processing and Reporting of Post-Neoadjuvant Breast Cancer Specimens
Authors: Han Rachel , Regpala Steffi , Slodkowska Elzbieta , Nofech-Mozes Sharon , Hanna Wedad , Parra-Herran Carlos , Lu Fang-I 
Published: March 2020

Context.—The use of neoadjuvant therapy in the management of early-stage invasive breast cancer is increasing. Residual Cancer Burden and other similar tools use pathologic characteristics of post-neoadjuvant therapy breast tumors to determine long-term outcome. However, there are no standardized guidelines for the pathologic evaluation of these specimens in the routine clinical setting.Objective.—To assess current practices among Canadian pathologists and pathology assistants with regard to the processing and reporting of post-neoadjuvant therapy breast specimens.Design.—An electronic survey was distributed to pathologists and pathology assistants across Canada.Results.—Sixty-three responses were obtained. A total of 48% (15 of 31) of surveyed pathologists reported familiarity with the Residual Cancer Burden tool. A total of 40% (25 of 63) of respondents reported a lack of routine use of specimen photography, and 35% (22 of 63) reported a lack of routine use of grossing diagrams. There was significant variation with respect to tumor bed sampling; the most common method was to submit 1 block per centimeter of tumor (20 of 63; 32%). There was also significant variation in the method of measuring residual tumor; the most common method was to measure the largest cross-section of residual tumor (16 of 32; 50%).Conclusions.—There is a need for standardization of the evaluation of post-neoadjuvant therapy breast specimens in the routine clinical setting in Canada. We recommend the routine use of specimen mapping, submitting the largest cross section of tumor bed in toto, reporting tumor size as per American Joint Committee on Cancer and Residual Cancer Burden guidelines, and routinely including measurements of residual tumor cellularity and in situ disease in the final pathology report as per Residual Cancer Burden guidelines.
L’ESTIMATION DE LA SYNCHRONISATION DU CYCLE ÉCONOMIQUE TUNISIEN AVEC LA CONJONCTURE EUROPÉENNE DANS LES ANNÉES 2000 : APPLICATION DU MODÈLE DYNAMIQUE À COMPOSANTE INOBSERVABLE
Authors: Catin Maurice , Sabta Houyem 
Published: March 2020

Le présent travail s’interroge sur la question suivante : existe-t-il une synchronisation des cycles économiques tunisiens avec les cycles des pays européens qui sont ses principaux partenaires commerciaux (la France, l’Italie, et l’Allemagne) et avec celui des États-Unis qui impriment largement leurs conjonctures ? La question, qui n’a pas fait l’objet de réponse franche dans la littérature, mérite d’être particulièrement considérée depuis les années 2000 avec l’entrée en vigueur de l’accord de libre-échange signé par la Tunisie avec l’Union européenne. En utilisant sur des séries trimestrielles de PIB le filtre de Hodrick et Prescott pour extraire les cycles de la tendance et la méthode de détection des points de retournement de Bry et Boschan développée par Harding et Pagan, il apparaît une transmission avec un décalage d’un à deux trimestres des fluctuations économiques américaines aux pays européens qui affectent alors de manière quasi immédiate la conjoncture tunisienne. La synchronisation des cycles économiques est confirmée par l’utilisation du modèle dynamique à composante inobservable de Stock et Watson. Toutefois, au-delà de l’existence d’un cycle commun, la Tunisie connaît des mouvements propres qui peuvent être aussi indirectement liés à ses relations privilégiées avec l’Europe.
”I skottgluggen” (In the Crenel)
Authors: Ekstrand Malin , Lundevall Johan 
Published: March 2020

As higher education learning environments need to become increasingly flexible, podcast technology is a creative way to entwine new pedagogical methods with ICT.1
For academic libraries a podcast, unlike textual content, can be beneficial as it keeps users in touch with library activities while doing something else.This is also perceived by students as useful, to be able to cover course content out of the classroom for example during their daily commute.2
In 2019, the Anna Lindh library podcast ”I skottgluggen” (”In the Crenel”) was launched as a joint project between ICT educators and librarians. With a targeted audience of students studying the newly introduced higher military programme at the Swedish Defence University, the primary aim of the podcast was to increase awareness and contextualize information literacy within warstudies. A second goal was to provide a successful example for teachers interested in exploring new technology in their own practice. This PechaKucha presentation will exemplify how an academic library incorporated creativity with new technologies to stimulate flexible learning. Our synopsis is to show the planning, production and experiences of a library podcast in information literacy education.
Re:Learn
Authors: Eriksson Marie-Louise , Borg Linda 
Published: March 2020

Today many librarians and writing tutors are teaching information literacy in higher education.

How can we facilitate collaboration on questions regarding this teaching?
How do we relate our teaching to various national and international frameworks and guidelines?
Is it possible to create a platform for the exchange of ideas and tools?
How do we develop new methods for writing tutors and librarians to collaborate?

These are some of the questions that led us to start this project: to develop an open web course on student learning and information literacy in higher education. But instead of targeting students in higher education the target group for this course is teaching librarians and writing tutors at Swedish universities. The project is funded by the Swedish Library Association.
The purpose of the course is to:

Place information literacy (where academic writing and information seeking both are natural components) in an academic context
Develop national collaborationon issues related to the teaching of information literacy and academic writing
To facilitate online peer learning between colleagues on issues related to teaching information literacy and academic writing
Develop a platform for sharing experiences and best of practices regarding tools and working methods
Strengthen the digital competence in the professions

The participants in the course will get the opportunity to engage in inspirational workshops and PBL-inspired group work on for example flipped teaching, active learning, digitization issues and open networked learning with a focus on information literacy. In this way we hope to facilitate a creative and collaborative learning environment regarding the teaching of information literacy in higher education.
The first iteration of the course will take place in October-December 2020 and will be held in Swedish. This presentation will be about the planning and development of the course. We will present the work done so far and look forward to feedback and input to the ongoing work.
Effects of outdoor ranging on external and internal health parameters for hens from different rearing enrichments
Authors: Bari Md Saiful , Laurenson Yan C.S.M. , Cohen-Barnhouse Andrew M. , Walkden-Brown Stephen W. , Campbell Dana L.M. 
Published: March 2020

In Australia, free-range layer pullets are typically reared indoors, but adult layers go outdoors, and this mismatch might reduce adaptation in laying environments. Enrichments during rearing may optimise pullet development and subsequent welfare as adult free-range hens. In the outdoor environment, hens may have greater opportunities for exercise and natural behaviours which might contribute to improved health and welfare. However, the outdoor environment may also result in potential exposure to parasites and pathogens. Individual variation in range use may thus dictate individual health and welfare. This study was conducted to evaluate whether adult hens varied in their external and internal health due to rearing enrichments and following variation in range use. A total of 1386 Hy-Line Brown® chicks were reared indoors across 16 weeks with three enrichment treatments including a control group with standard housing conditions, a novelty group providing novel objects that changed weekly, and a structural group with custom-designed structures to increase spatial navigation and perching. At 16 weeks of age the pullets were moved to a free-range system and housed in nine identical pens within their rearing treatments. All hens were leg-banded with microchips and daily ranging was assessed from 25 to 64 weeks via radio-frequency identification technology. At 64–65 weeks of age, 307 hens were selected based on their range use patterns across 54 days up to 64 weeks: indoor (no ranging), low outdoor (1.4 h or less daily), and high outdoor (5.2–9 h daily). The external and internal health and welfare parameters were evaluated via external assessment of body weight, plumage, toenails, pecking wounds, illness, and post-mortem assessment of internal organs and keel bones including whole-body CT scanning for body composition. The control hens had the lowest feather coverage (p < 0.0001) and a higher number of comb wounds (P = 0.03) than the novelty hens. The high outdoor rangers had fewer comb wounds than the indoor hens (P = 0.04), the shortest toenails (p < 0.0001) and the most feather coverage (p < 0.0001), but lower body weight (p < 0.0001) than the indoor hens. High outdoor ranging decreased both body fat and muscle (both p < 0.0001). The novelty group had lower spleen weights than the control hens (P = 0.01) but neither group differed from the structural hens. The high outdoor hens showed the highest spleen (P = 0.01) and empty gizzard weights (P = 0.04). Both the rearing enrichments and ranging had no effect on keel bone damage (all P ≥ 0.19). There were no significant interactions between rearing treatments and ranging patterns for any of the health and welfare parameters measured in this study (P ≥ 0.07). Overall, rearing enrichments had some effects on hen health and welfare at the later stages of the production cycle but subsequent range use patterns had the greatest impact.
Salt‐Assisted Synthesis of 2D Materials
Authors: Huang Liang , Hu Zhimi , Jin Hongrun , Wu Jiabin , Liu Kaisi , Xu Zheheng , Wan Jun , Zhou He , Duan Jiangjiang , Hu Bin , Zhou Jun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract2D materials have demonstrated good chemical, optical, electrical, and magnetic characteristics, and offer great potential in numerous applications. Corresponding synthesis technologies of 2D materials that are high‐quality, high‐yield, low‐cost, and time‐saving are highly desired. Salt‐assisted methods are emerging technologies that can meet these requirements for the fabrication of 2D materials. Herein, the recent process for the salt‐assisted synthesis of 2D materials and their typical applications are summarized. First, the properties of salt crystals and molten salts are briefly introduced, and then some examples of 2D materials synthesis with the assistance of salt as well as their representative applications are presented. The underlying mechanisms of salts with different states on the formation of 2D morphology are discussed to aid in the rational design of synthetic route of 2D materials. At last, the challenges and future perspectives for salt‐assisted methods are briefly described. This review provides guidance for the controllable synthesis of 2D materials based on the salt‐assisted approaches.
Functionally Graded Biomaterials for Use as Model Systems and Replacement Tissues
Authors: Lowen Jeremy M. , Leach J. Kent 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe heterogeneity of native tissues requires complex materials to provide suitable substitutes for model systems and replacement tissues. Functionally graded materials have the potential to address this challenge by mimicking the gradients in heterogeneous tissues such as porosity, mineralization, and fiber alignment to influence strength, ductility, and cell signaling. Advancements in microfluidics, electrospinning, and 3D printing enable the creation of increasingly complex gradient materials that further the understanding of physiological gradients. The combination of these methods enables rapid prototyping of constructs with high spatial resolution. However, successful translation of these gradients requires both spatial and temporal presentation of cues to model the complexity of native tissues that few materials have demonstrated. This Review highlights recent strategies to engineer functionally graded materials for the modeling and repair of heterogeneous tissues, together with a description of how cells interact with various gradients.
Nanoneedle Platforms: The Many Ways to Pierce the Cell Membrane
Authors: He Gen , Hu Ning , Xu Alexander M. , Li Xiangling , Zhao Yunlong , Xie Xi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEstablishing techniques to efficiently and nondestructively access the intracellular milieu is essential for many biomedical and scientific applications, ranging from drug delivery, to electrical recording, to biochemical detection. Cell penetration using nanoneedle arrays is currently a research focus area because it not only meets the increasing therapeutic demands of cell modifications and genome editing, but also provides an ideal platform for tracking long‐term intracellular information. Although the precise mechanism driving membrane penetration by nanoneedle arrays is still unclear, the low cytotoxicity, wide range of delivered materials, diverse cell type targets, and simple material structures of nanoneedle arrays make these splendid platforms for cell access. Here, the recent progress in this field is reviewed by examining device architectures and discussing mechanisms for nanoneedle penetration, and the major studies demonstrating the most general applicability of nanoneedle arrays, typical methodologies to access the intracellular environment using nanoneedles with spontaneous or assisted penetration modes, as well as biosafety aspects are presented. This review should be valuable for deeply understanding the materials fabrication principles, device designs, cell penetration methodologies, biosafety aspects, and application strategies of nanoneedle array‐based systems that are of crucial importance for the development of future practical biomedical platforms.
A Needle‐Type Microrobot for Targeted Drug Delivery by Affixing to a Microtissue
Authors: Lee Seungmin , Kim Jin‐young , Kim Junyoung , Hoshiar Ali Kafash , Park Jongeon , Lee Sunkey , Kim Jonghyun , Pané Salvador , Nelson Bradley J. , Choi Hongsoo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA needle‐type microrobot (MR) for targeted drug delivery is developed to stably deliver drugs to a target microtissue (MT) for a given period time without the need for an external force after affixing. The MRs are fabricatedby 3D laser lithography and nickel (Ni)/titanium oxide (TiO2) layers are coated by physical vapor deposition. The translational velocity of the MR is 714 µm s−1 at 20 mT and affixed to the target MT under the control of a rotating magnetic field. The manipulability of the MR is shown by using both manual and automatic controls. Finally, drug release from the paclitaxel‐loaded MR is characterized to determine the efficiency of targeted drug delivery. This study demonstrates the utility of the proposed needle‐type MR for targeted drug delivery to MT with various flow rates in vitro physiological fluidic environments.
Highly Stable Phosphonate‐Based MOFs with Engineered Bandgaps for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Zhu Yun‐Pei , Yin Jun , Abou‐Hamad Edy , Liu Xiaokang , Chen Wei , Yao Tao , Mohammed Omar F. , Alshareef Husam N. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPhotoactive metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) represent one of the most promising materials for photocatalytic hydrogen production, but phosphonate‐based MOFs have remained largely underdeveloped compared to other conventional MOFs. Herein, a photocatalyst of 1D titanium phosphonate MOF is designed through an easy and scalable stirring hydrothermal method. Homogeneous incorporation of organophosphonic linkers can narrow the bandgap, which is due to the strong electron‐donating ability of the OH functional group that can efficiently shift the top of the valence band, moving the light absorption to the visible portion of the spectrum. In addition, the unique 1D nanowire topology enhances the photoinduced charge carrier transport and separation. Accordingly, the titanium phosphonate nanowires deliver remarkably enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity under irradiation of both visible light and a full‐spectrum simulator. Such concepts of engineering both nanostructures and electronic states herald a new paradigm for designing MOF‐based photocatalysts.
Nanomaterial Patterning in 3D Printing
Authors: Elder Brian , Neupane Rajan , Tokita Eric , Ghosh Udayan , Hales Samuel , Kong Yong Lin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe synergistic integration of nanomaterials with 3D printing technologies can enable the creation of architecture and devices with an unprecedented level of functional integration. In particular, a multiscale 3D printing approach can seamlessly interweave nanomaterials with diverse classes of materials to impart, program, or modulate a wide range of functional properties in an otherwise passive 3D printed object. However, achieving such multiscale integration is challenging as it requires the ability to pattern, organize, or assemble nanomaterials in a 3D printing process. This review highlights the latest advances in the integration of nanomaterials with 3D printing, achieved by leveraging mechanical, electrical, magnetic, optical, or thermal phenomena. Ultimately, it is envisioned that such approaches can enable the creation of multifunctional constructs and devices that cannot be fabricated with conventional manufacturing approaches.