bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forecasting daily confirmed COVID-19 cases in Algeria using ARIMA models
Authors: Abdelaziz Messis , Ahmed Adjebli , Riad Ayeche , Abderrezak Ghidouche , Djida Ait-Ali 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTCoronavirus disease has become a worldwide threat affecting almost every country in the world. The aim of this study is to identify the COVID-19 cases (positive, recovery and death) in Algeria using the Double Exponential Smoothing Method and an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model for forecasting the COVID-19 cases.The data for this study were obtained from March 21st, 2020 to November 26th, 2020. The daily Algerian COVID-19 confirmed cases were sourced from The Ministry of Health, Population and Hospital Reform of Algeria. Based on the results of PACF, ACF, and estimated parameters of the ARIMA model in the COVID-19 case in Algeria following the ARIMA model (0,1,1). Observed cases during the forecast period were accurately predicted and were placed within the prediction intervals generated by the fitted model. This study shows that ARIMA models with optimally selected covariates are useful tools for monitoring and predicting trends of COVID-19 cases in Algeria.
Alternative splicing of GluN1 gates glycine-primed internalization of NMDA receptors
Authors: Li Hongbin , Rajani Vishaal , Han Lu , Chung Danielle , Cooke James E. , Sengar Ameet S. , Salter Michael W. 
Published: December 2020

SummaryN-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), a principal subtype of excitatory neurotransmitter receptor, are composed as tetrameric assemblies of two glycine-binding GluN1 subunits and two glutamate-binding GluN2 subunits. Gating of the NMDARs requires binding of four co-agonist molecules, but the receptors can signal non-ionotropically through binding of glycine, alone, to its cognate site on GluN1. A consequence of this signalling by glycine is that NMDARs are primed such that subsequent gating, produced by glycine and glutamate, drives receptor internalization. The GluN1 subunit is not a singular molecular species in the CNS, rather there are 8 alternatively spliced isoforms of this subunit produced by including or excluding the N1 and the C1, C2 or C2’ polypeptide cassettes. Whether alternative splicing affects glycine priming signalling is unknown. Here, using recombinant NMDARs expressed heterologously we discovered that glycine priming of NMDARs critically depends on alternative splicing: the four splice isoforms lacking the N1 cassette, encoded in exon 5, are primed by glycine whereas glycine priming is blocked in the four splice variants containing the N1 cassette. On the other hand, the C-terminal cassettes – C1, C2 or C2’ – had no effect on glycine priming signalling. Nor was glycine priming affected by the GluN2 subunit in the receptor. In wild-type mice we found that glycine primed internalization of synaptic NMDARs in CA1 hippocampal pyramidal neurons. With mice we engineered such that GluN1 obligatorily contained the N1 cassette, glycine did not prime synaptic NMDARs in pyramidal neurons. In contrast to pyramidal neurons, we discovered that in wild-type mice, synaptic NMDARs in CA1 inhibitory interneurons were resistant to glycine priming. But we recapitulated glycine priming in inhibitory interneurons in mice engineered such that GluN1 obligatorily lacked the N1 cassette. Our findings reveal a previously unsuspected molecular function for alternative splicing of GluN1 in controlling non-ionotropic signalling of NMDAR by glycine and the consequential cell surface dynamics of the receptors.
A higher burden of multiple sclerosis genetic risk confers an earlier onset
Authors: Misicka Elina , Davis Mary F. , Kim Woori , Brugger Steven W. , Beales Jeremy , Loomis Stephanie , Bronson Paola G. , Briggs Farren B.S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMultiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative, autoimmune disease characterized by inrreversible neurological disability. The age at onset of multiple sclerosis is an objective and influential predictor of the evolution of multiple sclerosis independent of disease duration. Little is known about the mechanisms contributing to variation in onset age of multiple sclerosis, thoughHLA-DRB1*15:01, the predominant risk variant, confers an earlier onset. Here we present an age at onset genome-wide association analysis for 9.2 million variants, including gene-based and pathway enrichment analyses, for 3,495 cases who were non-Latinx white with onset ≥18 years. We investigated whether a higher burden of multiple sclerosis risk variants conferred an earlier age at onset for combinations ofHLA-DRB1*15:01alleles and quintiles of a genetic risk score for 200 risk variants that reside outside the major histocompatibility complex. The study population had a mean age at onset of 32 years, 29% was male, and 46% wereHLA-DRB1*15:01carriers.HLA-DRB1*15:01carriers were on average one year younger at onset than non-carriers (p<0.001); a similar effect was observed for a 10-risk-allele increase in the genetic risk score (p<1×10-8). Those in the highest genetic risk score quintile (n=717) were on average 2.5 years younger at onset than those in the lowest quintile (n=698; p=1.2×10-7). For those with the greatest genetic risk burden (highest genetic risk score quintile with twoHLA-DRB1*15:01alleles) were on average five years younger at onset (p=0.002) than those with the lowest genetic risk burden (lowest genetic risk score quintile with noHLA-DRB1*15:01alleles). There was an apparent inverse relationship between the genetic multiple sclerosis risk burden and age at onset of multiple sclerosis (p<5×10-8). We did not observe any individual variants reaching genome-wide significance in the genome-wide association analysis of age at onset. The most significantly associated independent genic loci (p<5×10-6) were located withinHLA-DQB1, COL21A1, LINC01484, UBR3, andCSMD1. At the gene-level, the most significant associations (p<5×10-5) were forSSB, TRAFD1, HECTD2, MMP8, NAA25andUBR3. There was an enrichment of genes involved in adaptive and innate immunity, specifically genes in the complement pathway, and genes involved in synapses and collagen biosynthesis. In summary, we demonstrated a significant gradient between elevated genetic risk burden and an earlier onset of multiple sclerosis.
Massively parallel quantification of phenotypic heterogeneity in single cell drug responses
Authors: Yellen Benjamin B. , Zawistowski Jon S. , Czech Eric A. , Sanford Caleb I. , SoRelle Elliott D. , Luftig Micah A. , Forbes Zachary G. , Wood Kris C. , Hammerbacher Jeff 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSingle cell analysis tools have made significant advances in characterizing genomic heterogeneity, however tools for measuring phenotypic heterogeneity have lagged due to the increased difficulty of handling live biology. Here, we report a single cell phenotyping tool capable of measuring image-based clonal properties at scales approaching 100,000 clones per experiment. These advances are achieved by exploiting a novel flow regime in ladder microfluidic networks that, under appropriate conditions, yield a mathematically perfect cell trap. Machine learning and computer vision tools are used to control the imaging hardware and analyze the cellular phenotypic parameters within these images. Using this platform, we quantified the responses of tens of thousands of single cell-derived acute myeloid leukemia (AML) clones to targeted therapy, identifying rare resistance and morphological phenotypes at frequencies down to 0.05%. This approach can be extended to higher-level cellular architectures such as cell pairs and organoids and on-chip live-cell fluorescence assays.
Facilitating accountability in corporate sustainability reporting through Spotlight Accounting
Authors: Perkiss Stephanie , Bayerlein Leopold , Dean Bonnie Amelia 
Published: December 2020

PurposeIt is difficult for corporate sustainability reporting (CSR) to provide accountability to stakeholders. This paper assesses whether accountability-based CSR systems can be created through the application of Spotlight Accounting and WikiRate as a hybrid forum.Design/methodology/approachThe current paper explores the utility of Spotlight Accounting for CSR through assessing its application to a hybrid forum, WikiRate. This process involved engaging student researchers to collect CSR data from the United Nations Global Compact's (UNGC) corporate action group (CAG) and recording this information into the WikiRate platform. Aggregate analysis was conducted to assess the limitations and challenges of the data to inform decision-making.FindingsSpotlight Accounting exposes challenges within traditional applications of CSR. These challenges impact comparability, decision usefulness and accountability of CSR data for stakeholders.Practical implicationsThis paper provides recommendations to enhance the accessibility and relevance of company information to assist in the provision of Spotlight Accounting. In doing so, it highlights the usefulness of CSR to leverage greater accountability between corporations and society.Originality/valueThis paper applies the emerging practices of Spotlight Accounting and presents it as an alternative way to research and conceptualise external accounts, reporting and accountability. This form of accounting has the potential to enhance communications and partnerships between companies and society as well as challenge dominate power dynamics held by corporations.
Investigating consumer alienation toward broiler leading to food insecurity
Authors: Ayyub Rana Muhammad , Naeem Saira , Ahmed Shehzad , Jayawardhena Chanaka 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThe main purpose of this paper is to study the changing consumer behavior toward broiler meat and apprise its consequences toward food insecurity.Design/methodology/approachThis is a sequential exploratory mixed-method study in which qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews (n = 38) by snowball sampling. The quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire survey (n = 975) by convenience sampling. The qualitative data were analyzed through NVivo 10 software by using thematic analysis, i.e. the qualitative content analysis (QCA). The theory of consumer alienation provides the theoretical underpinning for a quantitative study. The established scales were adopted and adapted. The quantitative data was analyzed through AMOS 24 software by using structural equation modeling (SEM).FindingsIt was found that people have many reservations regarding broiler meat. Thus, consumer alienation negatively (ß = −0.10) and the subjective norm positively (ß = 0.82) affects the intention to buy broiler meat.Research limitations/implicationsThe ongoing consumer alienation toward broiler will force them to avoid using this cheapest protein and ultimately will lead to food insecurity in developing countries. It is recommended that people must be adequately educated about the real broiler business and its operations to counter their ongoing misperceptions.Originality/valueIt is the original empirical Research Work.
Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal approach for the quantum Vlasov equation
Authors: Haas F. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The one-dimensional stationary quantum Vlasov equation is analyzed using the energy as one of the dynamical variables, similarly as in the solution of the Vlasov-Poisson system by means of the Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal method. In the semiclassical case where quantum tunneling effects are small, an infinite series solution is developed and shown to be immediately integrable up to a recursive chain of quadratures in position space only. As it stands, the treatment of the self-consistent, Wigner-Poisson system is beyond the scope of the method, which assumes a given smooth time-independent external potential. Accuracy tests for the series expansion are also provided. Examples of anharmonic potentials are worked out up to a high order on the quantum diffraction parameter.
The two-degree-of-freedom parametric oscillator: A mechanical experimental implementation
Authors: Hocquet Thierry , Devaud Martin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We report the observation and quantitative measurements of the parametric resonance of a two-degree-of-freedom harmonic oscillator made of two coupled pendula. When varying the length of one of the pendula, we parametrically excite the whole set. The frequency of this excitation can be tuned and its depth ajusted, enabling us to draw a frequency-depth Cartesian diagram in which the oscillation behaviour, namely finiteness or exponential divergence, can be plotted. As in the well-known case of the one-degree-of-freedom oscillator, the stability and instability domains are demarcated by a tongue centred at twice the oscillator's free frequency. But in the two-degree-of-freedom oscillator case, this tongue has a three-tip fine structure, two tips corresponding to the free oscillator's eigenfrequencies and an extra tip corresponding to the average of both eigenfrequencies. This situation is unravelled theoretically using a classical adaptation of a formalism introduced in quantum optics by Glauber.
Estimation of number of runaway electrons per avalanche in Earth's atmosphere
Authors: Khamitov T. , Nozik A. , Stadnichuk E. , Svechnikova E. , Zelenyi M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The connection between thunderstorms and relativistic runaway electron avalanches is an important topic that has attracted the attention of many researchers. Among other things, there are a lot of various simulations of the dynamics of electron avalanches. This article was written mostly in response to the article The critical avalanche of runaway electrons by Evgeny Oreshkin (EPL, 124 (2018) 15001) which shows rather large numbers for an estimate of the number of runaway electrons. The results of our own simulation and comparison with other papers are presented.
Testing, Monitoring, and Treatment of Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnancy
Authors: Lee Sun Y , Pearce Elizabeth N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can have adverse effects in pregnancy. The most common causes of thyrotoxicosis in pregnancy are gestational transient thyrotoxicosis and Graves’ disease. It is important to distinguish between these entities as treatment options differ. Women of reproductive age who are diagnosed with Graves’ disease should be counseled regarding the impact of treatment options on a potential pregnancy. Although the absolute risk is small, antithyroid medications can have teratogenic effects. Propylthiouracil appears to have less severe teratogenicity compared to methimazole and is therefore favored during the first trimester if a medication is needed. Women should be advised to delay pregnancy for at least 6 months following radioactive iodine to minimize potential adverse effects from radiation and ensure normal thyroid hormone levels prior to conception. As thyroid hormone is critical for normal fetal development, hypothyroidism is associated with adverse obstetric and child neurodevelopmental outcomes. Women with overt hypothyroidism should be treated with levothyroxine (LT4) to a thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone; TSH) goal of &lt;2.5 mIU/L. There is mounting evidence for associations of maternal hypothyroxinemia and subclinical hypothyroidism with pregnancy loss, preterm labor, and lower scores on child cognitive assessment. Although there is minimal risk of LT4 treatment to keep TSH within the pregnancy-specific reference range, treatment of mild maternal thyroid hypofunction remains controversial, given the lack of clinical trials showing improved outcomes with LT4 treatment.
CLASSIFICATION OF MAGNETOSPHERIC RESPONSES TO INTERACTION WITH DIAMAGNETIC STRUCTURES OF SLOW SOLAR WIND
Authors: Parkhomov Vladimir , Eselevich Viktor , Eselevich Maxim , Dmitriev Aleksey , Suvorova Alla , Vedernikova Tatyana 
Published: December 2020

We propose a possible classification of the responses of the magnetosphere to the interaction with diamagnetic structures (DS), which form the basis of the slow solar wind. The main determinants of the classification are the value and orientation of the vertical component Bz of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and the solar wind density N. We have identified three types of magnetospheric responses. Type 1 has two subtypes whose main difference is the presence or absence of auroras on the day side of the magnetosphere. Within an hour before DS arrival, Bz has a positive value (up to 12 nT) or fluctuates about 0 in the range from –1 to +1 nT. For both subtypes, the duration of substorm disturbances approximately coincides with the duration of DS, and their intensity does not exceed AE~500 nT. Type 2 is characterized by the fact that before the contact with DS positive IMF Bz (0–10 nT) is recorded for an hour, and at the interface of DS a rapid (≤2 min) change in the orientation of the IMF vertical component from north to south occurs. For type 3, Bz within an hour before the contact with DS is negative (from –10 to 0 nT).
We address the problem of DS energy transfer to the magnetosphere.
Age influences on Propofol estimated brain concentration and entropy during maintenance and at return of consciousness during total intravenous anesthesia with target-controlled infusion in unparalyzed patients: An observational prospective trial
Authors: Linassi Federico , Kreuzer Matthias , Maran Eleonora , Farnia Antonio , Zanatta Paolo , Navalesi Paolo , Carron Michele 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Aging affects pharmacodynamics/pharmacokinetics of anesthetics, but age effects on Entropy-guided total intravenous anesthesia with target-controlled infusions (TIVA-TCI) are not fully characterized. We compared aging effects on effective estimated brain concentration of Propofol (CeP) during TIVA-TCI Entropy-guided anesthesia, without neuromuscular blockade (NMB).

Methods
We performed an observational, prospective, single-center study enrolling 75 adult women undergoing Entropy-guided Propofol-Remifentanil TIVA-TCI for breast surgery. Primary endpoint was the relationship between age and CeP at maintenance of anesthesia (MA) during Entropy-guided anesthesia. Secondary endpoints were relationships between age and CeP at arousal reaction (AR), return of consciousness (ROC) and explicit recall evenience. We calculated a linear model to evaluate the age’s impact on observational variable and performed pairwise tests to compare old (≥65 years, n = 50) and young (<65 years, n = 25) patients or patients with and without an AR.

Results
We did not observe age-related differences in CeP during MA, but CeP significantly (p = 0,01) decreased with age at ROC. Entropy values during MA increased with age and were significantly higher in the elderly (RE: median 56[IQR49.3–61] vs 47.5[42–52.5],p = 0.001; SE: 51.6[45–55.5] vs 44[IQR40-50],p = 0.005). 18 patients had an AR, having higher maximum RE (92.5[78–96.3] vs 65[56.5–80.5],p<0.001), SE (79[64.8–84] vs 61[52.5–69],p = 0.03, RE-SE (12.5[9.5–16.5] vs 6 [3–9],p<0.001.

Conclusion
Older age was associated with lower CeP at ROC, but not during MA in unparalysed patients undergoing breast surgery. Although RE and SE during MA, at comparable CeP, were higher in the elderly, Entropy, and in particular an increasing RE-SE, is a reliable index to detect an AR.
Die zeit- und kulturhistorischen Videoarchive der ORF-TVthek
Authors: Prantner Thomas 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Die ORF-TVthek stellt neben tagesaktuellem TV-Programm inzwischen 36 themenbezogene zeit- und kulturhistorische Videoarchive mit insgesamt 3500 Videos im Rahmen der Aktion „ORF-TVthek goes school“ auch speziell für die Nutzung im Unterricht bereit. Wertvolle Inhalte des Multimedialen ORF-Archivs dienen dabei dazu, wichtige Ereignisse und Entwicklungen öffentlich zugänglich zu machen, in multimedialer Form zu dokumentieren und das Verständnis für Vergangenheit und Gegenwart im Sinne des öffentlich-rechtlichen Bildungsauftrags zu fördern, v. a. bei der jungen Zielgruppe.
The DHX36-specific-motif (DSM) enhances specificity by accelerating recruitment of DNA G-quadruplex structures
Authors: Chang-Gu Bruce , Bradburn Devin , Yangyuoru Philip M. , Russell Rick 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
DHX36 is a eukaryotic DEAH/RHA family helicase that disrupts G-quadruplex structures (G4s) with high specificity, contributing to regulatory roles of G4s. Here we used a DHX36 truncation to examine the roles of the 13-amino acid DHX36-specific motif (DSM) in DNA G4 recognition and disruption. We found that the DSM promotes G4 recognition and specificity by increasing the G4 binding rate of DHX36 without affecting the dissociation rate. Further, for most of the G4s measured, the DSM has little or no effect on the G4 disruption step by DHX36, implying that contacts with the G4 are maintained through the transition state for G4 disruption. This result suggests that partial disruption of the G4 from the 3’ end is sufficient to reach the overall transition state for G4 disruption, while the DSM remains unperturbed at the 5’ end. Interestingly, the DSM does not contribute to G4 binding kinetics or thermodynamics at low temperature, indicating a highly modular function. Together, our results animate recent DHX36 crystal structures, suggesting a model in which the DSM recruits G4s in a modular and flexible manner by contacting the 5’ face early in binding, prior to rate-limiting capture and disruption of the G4 by the helicase core.
Nursing student-patient relationship – a 10-year comparison study in Finland
Authors: Suikkala Arja , Leino-Kilpi Helena , Katajisto Jouko 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to describe and compare the group-level findings from 2005–2006 and 2015–2016 regarding students’ and patients’ views of the nursing student-patient relationship and associated factors.MethodsThe data were in both cases collected using Student-Patient Relationship Scales. The data were analysed statistically.ResultsIn both student cohorts, authoritative and facilitative student-patient relationships were reported by the students more frequently than mechanistic relationships. Authoritative relationships were most common in both patient cohorts, whereas facilitative relationships had become more frequent than mechanistic relationships. A positive change of views in the student and patient cohorts was found in factors associated with the relationship.ConclusionIn order to strengthen a clinical learning culture that reflects a facilitative student-patient relationship, further research is needed on the processes and outcomes of that relationship.
On the minimal degree of a transitive permutation group with stabilizer a 2-group
Authors: Potočnik Primož , Spiga Pablo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The minimal degree of a permutation group G is defined as the minimal number of non-fixed points of a non-trivial element of G.
In this paper, we show that if G is a transitive permutation group of degree n having no non-trivial normal 2-subgroups such that the stabilizer of a point is a 2-group, then the minimal degree of G is at least

2
3

⁢
n

{\frac{2}{3}n}

.
The proof depends on the classification of finite simple groups.
Exponent of a finite group admitting a coprime automorphism of prime order
Authors: Rodrigues Sara , Shumyatsky Pavel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Let 𝐺 be a finite group admitting an automorphism 𝜙 of prime order 𝑝 such that

(

|
G
|

,
p
)

=
1

(\lvert G\rvert,p)=1

.
It is shown that if the fixed-point subgroup for 𝜙 has rank 𝑟 and

(

x

-
1

⁢

x
ϕ

)

e

=
1

(x^{-1}x^{\phi})^{e}=\nobreak 1

for each

x
∈
G

x\in G

, then the exponent of

[
G
,
ϕ
]

[G,\phi]

is

(
e
,
p
,
r
)

(e,p,r)

-bounded.