bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Tomato Waste Juice as an Antioxidant Source for Broiler Chickens
Authors: Indrat Wahyuni Hanny , Yudiarti Turrini , Widiastuti Endang , Sugiharto Sugiharto , Isroli Isroli , Agus Sartono Tri 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of using tomato waste juice (TWJ) as a source of antioxidants for broiler chickens. The study used 160 day-old-chicks Lohmann MB-202 broiler strains with an average body weight of 43.5+1.23 g which were randomly allotted to one of four treatment groups. The chicks were provided either with no TWJ (TWJ0), 40 (TWJ40), 80 (TWJ80) or 120 mL/day of TWJ (TWJ120) from days 15 to 35. The blood, internal organs and intestinal digesta were collected at day 35. The results showed that provision of TWJ increased (P<0.05) the relative weight of thymus, duodenum, jejunum, caecum and liver of broilers. The treatment, however, did not affect (P>0.05) growth performance, blood profile and ileal and caecal microbial populations. In conclusion, TWJ could be used as an antioxidant source to maintain the normal health and internal organ development of broiler chicks.
98-Enhance of Protein Efficiency Affected by Synbiotic Supplementation in the Diet of Broiler Chicken
Authors: Setyaningrum Sri , Sunarti Dwi , Yunianto Vitus D. , Mahfudz Luthfi D. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of synbiotic on enhance of protein efficiency of broiler chicken. The research was used 144 birds of unsexed broiler chicken at one day of age with initial body weight 45.68 g ± 1.52 g. Experimental design used was completely Randomized Designed with 4 treatments and 6 replicates, and every unit experiment consist of 6 birds. The treatments were as follows: T0: basal diet (without synbiotic), T1: basal diet + synbiotic 1 ml/100 g of feed, T2: basal diet + synbiotic 2 ml/100 g of feed and T3: basal diet + synbiotic 3 ml/100 g of feed. The basal diet was formulated to contain 3000 kcal/kg metabolizable energy (ME) and 22% crude protein (CP). Variables observed were nitrogen intake, nitrogen retention and net protein utility. The result showed that synbiotic supplementation significantly (p<0.05) increased nitrogen intake, nitrogen retention and net protein utility. Conclusion of the research is synbiotic supplementation at 2 ml/100 g of feed was enhance of protein efficiency of broiler chicken.
Antioxidant capacity and germination power of NaCl-elicited cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) sprouts with various NaCl concentrations and elicitation durations
Authors: Ariviani Setyaningrum , Maulana R Fiyan , Ishartani Dwi , Fauza Gusti 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is one of legumes that have the potential as a source of food antioxidant related to the phenolic compounds. Germination can enhance the antioxidant capacity of cowpea and elicitation using NaCl within the germination process. It has been reported as an effective technique to improve the antioxidant potential of legumes sprouts. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity (total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and reducing power (RP)) of NaCl-elicited cowpea sprouts with different concentrations of NaCl (50, 100, 150 mM) and elicitation durations (8, 12, 16 hours). The germination power of the NaCl-elicited cowpea was also investigated. Results showed that the total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity and RP of NaCl-elicited cowpea sprouts increase in line with the increase in NaCl concentrations and elicitation durations. Both DPPH radical scavenging activity and RP had significant correlation (p<0.01; r = 0.805; 0,785) with the total phenolic content. Nevertheless, germination power decreased along with increasing NaCl concentration and elicitation duration. The results of this study provide an alternative strategy for increasing the antioxidant capacity of cowpea through NaCl-elicitation. Thus, it can be a reference for developing cowpea-based functional food.
The Potential Commodities as a Support of Farm Sustainability and Supply Stability in Grobogan Regency
Authors: Ekowati Titik , Prasetyo Edy , Mukson  
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The research method was a secondary data method with strategic agricultural commodities, namely rice, soybeans and beef cattle. These commodities are also commodities that are the mainstay of Central Java. Data were analyzed by Location Quotient (LQ) and Co Variance. The results showed that Grobogan Regency was the regency with the highest rice and soybean production in Central Java, which were 848,912 tons (43.9%) and 53,969 tons (53.13%) respectively, while the production of rice and soybeans in Central Java respectively was 1,933,627 tons and 105,553 tons. From the results of potential analysis, the three commodities were potential commodities for Grobogan Regency, with LQ values for rice, corn, soybeans and beef cattle respectively 3.37; 3.46; 2.66 and 3.65. This condition was also supported by the Co variance value of 3.37; 2.68; 2.8 and 3.8. The analysis indicated that Grobogan Regency is an area with stable supply or food stocks in Central Java.
Connectivity Matrix Algorithm: A New Optimal Phasor Measurement Unit Placement Algorithm
Authors: Al-Odienat A I , Al-Awasa K , Al-Momani M , Al-Gharaibah S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The maximum benefits of the phasor measurement unit (PMU) in state estimation and other applications in the power system can be achieved if the system is completely observed by PMUs only. The minimum number of PMUs needed to obtain full observability is very important in order to reduce the overall cost. This paper presents a new algorithm for optimal PMU placement (OPP) in transmission and distribution systems. A new concept and vision of the optimization problem is presented. A new approach to implement zero-injection buses is proposed which may be also used in other algorithms. The simulation result of IEEE 14, 24, 30, 57 and 118 bus systems as transmission systems, IEEE 33, 34 and 123 bus systems as distribution systems, and Jordanian power system as an actual system are presented and compared with the existing techniques. The proposed technique is simple to implement and accurate compared to other existing methods. The results confirm the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. The computational time is less than 0.2 seconds for all cases. MATLAB 2016a is used to validate the algorithm.
Design of standard security measures database for various types of maintenance operations
Authors: Bu Mingxin , Tan Chang , Jin Xinming , Chen Weigang , Cheng Jiayin , Geng Shaobo , Mao Jianzhong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
With the continuous deepening of smart grid construction, more and more smart substations are being used in actual projects. Compared with traditional substations, smart substations have realized digitalization of information, communication network, and standardization of sharing. However, the secondary circuit of intelligent substation has high integration and no obvious electrical isolation point, so the traditional safety measures are no longer suitable for the actual situation of intelligent substation. Therefore, based on the analysis of typical equipment security measures, this article designs a set of general rules for automatic generation of security measures according to the relevant specifications of security measures of intelligent substations. Through the modeling of different maintenance tasks, the characteristics of the safety measures applied to the intelligent substation equipment are analyzed, and the designed safety measures are classified according to the equipment type and operation mode to establish a safety measures database; finally, according to the established database Develop an automated ticket generation plan.
Strain-dependent exciton diffusion in transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Rosati Roberto , Brem Samuel , Perea-Causín Raül , Schmidt Robert , Niehues Iris , Michaelis de Vasconcellos Steffen , Bratschitsch Rudolf , Malic Ermin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides have a remarkable excitonic landscape with deeply bound bright and dark exciton states. Their properties are strongly affected by lattice distortions that can be created in a controlled way via strain. Here, we perform a joint theory-experiment study investigating exciton diffusion in strained tungsten disulfide (WS2) monolayers. We reveal a non-trivial and non-monotonic influence of strain. Lattice deformations give rise to different energy shifts for bright and dark excitons changing the excitonic landscape, the efficiency of intervalley scattering channels and the weight of single exciton species to the overall exciton diffusion. We predict a minimal diffusion coefficient in unstrained WS2 followed by a steep speed-up by a factor of 3 for tensile biaxial strain at about 0.6% strain—in excellent agreement with our experiments. The obtained microscopic insights on the impact of strain on exciton diffusion are applicable to a broad class of multi-valley 2D materials.
On the numerical solution of second order two-dimensional Laplace equations using the alternating-direction implicit method
Authors: Ezeh I P , Kamoh N M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this manuscript, we consider in detail numerical approach of solving Laplace’s equation in 2-dimensional region with given boundary values which is based on the Alternating Direction Implicit Method (ADI). This method was constructed using Taylor’s series expansion on the second order Laplace equation leading to a linear algebraic system. Solving the algebraic system, leads to the unknown coefficients of the basis function. The techniques of handling practical problems are considered in detail. The results obtained compared favorably with the results obtained from the Finite difference method constructed by Dhumal and Kiwne and the exact solution. Thus the ADI method can as well be used for the numerical solution of steady-state Laplace equations.
Superposition of causal order enables quantum advantage in teleportation under very noisy channels
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Chiranjib , Pati Arun Kumar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We show that the fidelity offered by the standard teleportation protocol under noisy channels applied successively can be significantly improved, when used in conjunction with a quantum switch. In particular, we find that for two such teleportation channels conjugated with an indefinite causal order, teleportation fidelity beyond the classical threshold is achieved for significantly larger noise than would be possible conventionally. One can even make the effective teleportation channel perfectly faithful for very large noise. We also discuss the generalization of our scheme for more than two pathways, and define a figure of merit in that context.
Impact of South Asian monsoon on summer dust weather occurrence over the Tarim basin in Northwest China
Authors: Meng Lixia , Zhao Yong , Huang Anning , Wang Tianzhu , Wu Yang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Based on the observed dust weather occurrence (DWO), precipitation and 10 m wind speed at 23 stations over the Tarim Basin in northwest China and the National Centers for Environment Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis data during 1961–2015, we have indicated the relationship between the summer DWO over the Tarim basin and South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) and revealed the possible underlying physical mechanisms. Results show that the DWO displays an obvious declining trend during 1961–2015 and has a good relation with precipitation and 10 m wind speed over the Tarim Basin in summer. Meanwhile, the index of SASM well correlates with the summer DWO over the Tarim basin at both interannual and interdecadal time scales. Further analysis of the underlying mechanism related to the impact of the SASM on the DWO over the Tarim Basin in summer indicates that an anomalous cyclone (anti-cyclone) appears in the upper troposphere over Central Asia responding to an anomalous anti-cyclone (cyclone) in the lower troposphere over Indian monsoon region during weak (strong) SASM years, which can cause cooling (warming) at middle and upper troposphere over Central Asia. Based on the relationship of thermal wind, the cooling (warming) results in an anomalous cyclone (anti-cyclone) at middle and upper troposphere over Central Asia and the anomalous south (north) winds prevail over the Tarim Basin. The south (north) winds are favorable for more (less) precipitation formation and inhibit (promote) the cold (warm) air entering into the basin and weaken (strengthen) the 10 m wind speed, further leading to the decreases (increases) of DWO over the Tarim Basin in summer.
Outlook for artificial intelligence and machine learning at the NSLS-II
Authors: Campbell Stuart I , Allan Daniel B , Barbour Andi M , Olds Daniel , Rakitin Maksim S , Smith Reid , Wilkins Stuart B 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe describe the current and future plans for using artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) methods at the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II), a scientific user facility at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. We discuss the opportunity for using the AI/ML tools and techniques developed in the data and computational science areas to greatly improve the scientific output of large scale experimental user facilities. We describe our current and future plans in areas including from detecting and recovering from faults, optimizing the source and instrument configurations, streamlining the pipeline from measurement to insight, through data acquisition, processing, analysis. The overall strategy and direction of the NSLS-II facility in relation to AI/ML is presented.
Significance of HER2 in Microinvasive Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Huina , Moisini Ioana , Turner Bradley M , Wang Xi , Dhakal Ajay , Yang Qi , Kovar Sierra , Schiffhauer Linda M , Hicks David G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We compared the clinicopathologic features, clinical management, and outcomes of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–expressing and nonexpressing microinvasive breast carcinomas (MiBC) to explore the significance of HER2 in MiBC.

Methods
Clinicopathologic and follow-up information of cases with final diagnosis of MiBC with known HER2 status between 2007 and 2019 were analyzed.

Results
Nineteen (41.3%) HER2-positive (HER2+) and 27 (58.7%) HER2-negative (HER2−) MiBCs were identified. HER2 positivity was likely to be associated with high nuclear grade, presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, hormonal receptor negativity, and increased Ki-67 in both microinvasive and associated in situ carcinomas. Nodal metastases were found in 2 ER+/HER2− cases (5.3%). One HER2+ case was found to have isolated tumor cells in the axillary node. The majority of patients with HER2+ MiBCs (76.5%) did not receive HER2-targeted therapy. All patients with available follow-up were alive without recurrence or distant metastasis, with a median follow-up of 38 months.

Conclusions
Similar to the larger size of invasive breast carcinomas, HER2 positivity is associated with high-grade morphologic features in MiBCs. However, HER2 overexpression in MiBCs does not appear to be associated with nodal metastasis or worse outcome in our study cohort. The role of HER2-targeted therapy in this clinical setting merits additional study.
Development of Job Exposure Matrices to Estimate Occupational Exposure to Solar and Artificial Ultraviolet Radiation
Authors: Boiano James M , Silver Sharon R , Tsai Rebecca J , Sanderson Wayne T , Liu Sa , Whitehead Lawrence W 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Job exposure matrices (JEMs) are important tools for estimating occupational exposures in study populations where only information on industry and occupation (I&O) are available. JEMs The objective of this work was to create JEMs for solar and artificial ultraviolet radiation (UVR) using a US standardized coding scheme.

Methods
Using U.S. Census Bureau industry and occupation codes, separate lists of I&O pairs were developed for solar and artificial UVR by a panel of Certified Industrial Hygienists who assigned exposure ratings to I&O pairs with potential exposure. Parameters for exposure included prevalence (P) and frequency (F) for solar UVR and P, F, and intensity (I) for artificial UVR. Prevalence, or percent of all workers employed in an I&O pair who were exposed, was categorically rated: 0 to &lt;1, 1 to &lt;20; 20 to &lt;80, and ≥80. Frequency of exposure, defined by the number of hours per week workers were exposed, was categorically rated: 0 to &lt;5, 5 to &lt;20, 20 to &lt;35, and ≥35 h per week. For artificial UVR only, intensity of exposure was assigned three ratings: low, low with rare excursions, and &gt;low under normal conditions. Discrepant ratings were resolved via consensus.

Results
After excluding I&O pairs assigned P and F ratings of 0 (solar UVR) and P, F, and I ratings of 0 (artificial UVR) from the JEM, 9206 I&O pairs were rated for solar UVR and 2010 I&O pairs for artificial UVR. For solar UVR, 723 (7.9% of all rated pairs) had ratings in the highest category for P and F; this group included 45 occupations in varied industries. Construction and extraction occupations represented most of the occupations (n = 20; 44%), followed by farming, fishing, and forestry occupations (n = 6; 13%). For artificial UVR, 87 I&O pairs (4.3% of all rated pairs) had maximum ratings for P, F, and I; these comprised a single occupation (welding, soldering, and brazing workers) in diverse industries.

Conclusions
JEMs for solar and artificial UVR were developed for a broad range of I&O pairs in the US population and are available for use by researchers conducting occupational epidemiological studies.
Principal curve approaches for inferring 3D chromatin architecture
Authors: Tuzhilina Elena , Hastie Trevor J , Segal Mark R 
Published: October 2020

Summary
Three-dimensional (3D) genome spatial organization is critical for numerous cellular processes, including transcription, while certain conformation-driven structural alterations are frequently oncogenic. Genome architecture had been notoriously difficult to elucidate, but the advent of the suite of chromatin conformation capture assays, notably Hi-C, has transformed understanding of chromatin structure and provided downstream biological insights. Although many findings have flowed from direct analysis of the pairwise proximity data produced by these assays, there is added value in generating corresponding 3D reconstructions deriving from superposing genomic features on the reconstruction. Accordingly, many methods for inferring 3D architecture from proximity data have been advanced. However, none of these approaches exploit the fact that single chromosome solutions constitute a one-dimensional (1D) curve in 3D. Rather, this aspect has either been addressed by imposition of constraints, which is both computationally burdensome and cell type specific, or ignored with contiguity imposed after the fact. Here, we target finding a 1D curve by extending principal curve methodology to the metric scaling problem. We illustrate how this approach yields a sequence of candidate solutions, indexed by an underlying smoothness or degrees-of-freedom parameter, and propose methods for selection from this sequence. We apply the methodology to Hi-C data obtained on IMR90 cells and so are positioned to evaluate reconstruction accuracy by referencing orthogonal imaging data. The results indicate the utility and reproducibility of our principal curve approach in the face of underlying structural variation.
Dose–response modeling in high-throughput cancer drug screenings: an end-to-end approach
Authors: Tansey Wesley , Li Kathy , Zhang Haoran , Linderman Scott W , Rabadan Raul , Blei David M , Wiggins Chris H 
Published: October 2020

Summary
Personalized cancer treatments based on the molecular profile of a patient’s tumor are an emerging and exciting class of treatments in oncology. As genomic tumor profiling is becoming more common, targeted treatments for specific molecular alterations are gaining traction. To discover new potential therapeutics that may apply to broad classes of tumors matching some molecular pattern, experimentalists and pharmacologists rely on high-throughput, in vitro screens of many compounds against many different cell lines. We propose a hierarchical Bayesian model of how cancer cell lines respond to drugs in these experiments and develop a method for fitting the model to real-world high-throughput screening data. Through a case study, the model is shown to capture nontrivial associations between molecular features and drug response, such as requiring both wild type TP53 and overexpression of MDM2 to be sensitive to Nutlin-3(a). In quantitative benchmarks, the model outperforms a standard approach in biology, with $\approx20\%$ lower predictive error on held out data. When combined with a conditional randomization testing procedure, the model discovers markers of therapeutic response that recapitulate known biology and suggest new avenues for investigation. All code for the article is publicly available at https://github.com/tansey/deep-dose-response.
Patient-reported Reasons for Stopping Care or Switching Clinics in Zambia: A Multisite, Regionally Representative Estimate Using a Multistage Sampling-based Approach in Zambia
Authors: Sikazwe Izukanji , Eshun-Wilson Ingrid , Sikombe Kombatende , Beres Laura K , Somwe Paul , Mody Aaloke , Simbeza Sandra , Bukankala Chama , Glidden David V , Mulenga Lloyd B , Padian Nancy , Ehrenkranz Peter , Bolton-Moore Carolyn , Holmes Charles B , Geng Elvin H 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Understanding patient-reported reasons for lapses of retention in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment can drive improvements in the care cascade. A systematic assessment of outcomes among a random sample of patients lost to follow-up (LTFU) from 32 clinics in Zambia to understand the reasons for silent transfers and disengagement from care was undertaken.

Methods
We traced a simple random sample of LTFU patients (&gt;90 days from last scheduled visit) as determined from clinic-based electronic medical records from a probability sample of facilities. Among patients found in person, we solicited reasons for either stopping or switching care and predictors for re-engagement. We coded reasons into structural, psychosocial, and clinic-based barriers.

Results
Among 1751 LTFU patients traced and found alive, 31% of patients starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) between 1 July 2013 and 31 July 2015 silently transferred or were disengaged (40% male; median age, 35 years; median CD4 level, 239 cells/μL); median time on ART at LTFU was 480 days (interquartile range, 110–1295). Among the 544 patients not in care, median prevalences for patient-reported structural, psychosocial, and clinic-level barriers were 27.3%, 13.9%, and 13.4%, respectively, and were highly variable across facilities. Structural reasons, including, “relocated to a new place” were mostly cited among 289 patients who silently transferred (35.5%). We found that men were less likely to re-engage in care than women (odds ratio, .39; 95% confidence interval, .22–.67; P = .001).

Conclusions
Efforts to improve retention of patients on ART may need to be tailored at the facility level to address patient-reported barriers.