bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antisense lncRNA LDLRAD4-AS1 promotes metastasis by decreasing the expression of LDLRAD4 and predicts a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Mo Shaobo , Zhang Long , Dai Weixing , Han Lingyu , Wang Renjie , Xiang Wenqiang , Wang Zhimin , Li Qingguo , Yu Jun , Yuan Jihang , Cai Sanjun , Cai Guoxiang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been revealed to play critical roles in tumor initiation and progression. The antisense lncRNA LDLRAD4-AS1 is the longest lncRNA of LDLRAD4, and its expression levels, cellular localization, precise function, and mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unknown. In this study, we observed that lncRNA LDLRAD4-AS1 was located in the nucleus of CRC cells and that lncRNA LDLRAD4-AS1 was upregulated in most CRC specimens and cell lines. Overexpression of lncRNA LDLRAD4-AS1 was correlated with poor prognosis in CRC patients. LncRNA LDLRAD4-AS1 upregulation enhanced the migration and invasion of CRC cells in vitro and facilitated CRC metastasis in vivo. Mechanistic investigations suggested that lncRNA LDLRAD4-AS1 could decrease the expression of LDLRAD4 by disrupting the stability of LDLRAD4 mRNA, resulting in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through upregulating Snail, thereby promoting metastasis in CRC. Our results demonstrated a previously unrecognized LDLRAD4-AS1-LDLRAD4-Snail regulatory axis involved in epigenetic and posttranscriptional regulation that contributes to CRC progression and metastasis.
MCL1 binding to the reverse BH3 motif of P18INK4C couples cell survival to cell proliferation
Authors: Whitaker Robert H. , Placzek William J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCommitment to cell cycle entry and cellular duplication is a tightly coordinated and regulated process. Once initiated, a series of multiple checkpoints ensure both accurate genomic replication and chromosomal separation. In the event of unsuccessful cell division, parallel pathways exist that induce the cell to undergo programmed cell death, or apoptosis. At the center of such stress-induced, intrinsic apoptotic regulation lies the BCL2 family of pro- and anti-apoptotic regulatory proteins. In a proliferative state the balance of pro- and anti-apoptotic signaling proteins would be expected to favor an excess population of anti-apoptotic members. While the anti-apoptotic BCL2 family member, MCL1, has been identified to oversee mitotic progression, direct communication between the BCL2 family and cell proliferation has not been observed. In this study, we demonstrate a direct protein–protein interaction between MCL1 and the G1/S checkpoint protein, P18INK4C. This interaction is mediated by a reverse BH3 (rBH3) motif located in P18INK4C’s C-terminal ankyrin repeat. MCL1 is further shown to decrease P18INK4C expression and thereby regulate cell cycle entry in a retinoblastoma (RB1)-dependent manner. Our findings establish a mechanism for translation independent and direct communication between the BCL2 family regulation of apoptosis and CDK4/6-RB regulation of early G1/S transition during cellular division/growth.
The effect and mechanism of combination of total paeony glycosides and total ligustici phenolic acids against focal cerebral ischemia
Authors: Gu Junfei , Feng Liang , Song Jie , Cui Li , Liu Dan , Ma Liang , Jia Xiaobin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. (Chishao, CS) and Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (Chuanxiong, CX) were widely used as a drug pair in Chinese Medicine, and the combination of CS and CX showed a more significant inhibition on neuronal apoptosis in our previous study. In the present study, total paeony glycosides (TPGs) from CS and total ligustici phenolic acids (TLPAs) from CX were combined to evaluate the synergistic effects against focal cerebral ischemia both in vitro and in vivo. The combination of TPGs and TLPAs at 7:3 had the best anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effect on OGD-induced HUVEC. Additionally, the infarction area proportion and neuron apoptosis of rats by TPGs:TLPAs (7:3) was significantly lower than their alone in MCAO rats. Moreover, TPGs: TLPAs of 7:3 showed a more significant effect on decreasing the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, and increasing the protein expression or mRNA level of TIMP-1 than other combinations. The optimal ratio of TPGs and TLPAs at 7:3 could bring more remarkable protective effects against focal cerebral ischemia in MCAO rats by alleviating oxidative stress, inflammatory and neuronal apoptosis to protect the blood-brain barrier. Overall, the present study provided benefical evidence for clinical application of CS and CX as a “drug pair”.
Quantitative sensory testing of periauricular skin in healthy adults
Authors: Lin Wen , Zhou Fan , Yu Linfeng , Wan Linzhong , Yuan Hua , Wang Kelun , Svensson Peter 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the test-retest reliability of quantitative sensory testing (QST) and mechanical sensitivity mapping of the periauricular skin. Twenty volunteers (10 men, 10 women) participated in two sessions at intervals of one week. Cold and warm detection threshold (CDT&WDT), cold and heat pain threshold (CPT&HPT), mechanical detection and pain threshold (MDT&MPT), pressure pain threshold (PPT) and two-point discrimination (2PD) were measured at five sites: bilateral subauricular and postauricular sites (LA, RA, LB, RB) and the dorsum of left hand (control). Pressure stimulation was applied at each of the four periauricular test sites. The test-retest reliability of the QST data implied fair to excellent agreement as evaluated by the intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC; all >0.4) for different days. There was no difference between each side in the QST parameters and mechanical sensitivity mapping (P ≥ 0.057). Significant differences between subauricular and postauricular sites were shown for WDT and PPT (P ≤ 0.028). NRS scores of mechanical sensitivity mapping showed significant effects of gender, site and point (P ≤ 0.040). QST and mechanical sensitivity mapping can be considered to be a reliable technique to assess somatosensory function of the periauricular skin.
Typische Probleme und Fehler im radiologischen Nachtdienst
Authors: Storjohann Svea , Pusch Anika , Kessler Rebecca , Kirsch Michael 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungAußerhalb der Regelarbeitszeit wird der Präsenzdienst in den meisten Krankenhäusern von Weiterbildungsassistenten geleistet. Sie sind gut beraten, einerseits die wichtigsten Krankheitsbilder zu kennen, die in dieser Übersichtsarbeit dargestellt werden, und andererseits die Fälle, die sie nicht lösen können, an ihren Hintergrund weiterzuleiten.
Die Zukunft der Nuklearkardiologie
Authors: Rischpler Christoph , Bengel Frank Michael 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Nuklearkardiologie ist im Wandel. Die Zeiten, in denen man als Nuklearkardiologe ähnlich einem reinen Dienstleister Myokardperfusionsszintigrafien durchführte und befundete, haben sich zugunsten einer größeren Vielseitigkeit geändert. Es tun sich neue, vielversprechende Anwendungsfelder auf, die eine enge Kooperation mit den klinischen Partnern erfordern. Zu diesen Anwendungsfeldern gehören insbesondere Infektions- und Inflammationserkrankungen sowie die kardiale Amyloidose. Des Weiteren ist die künstliche Intelligenz auf dem Vormarsch. Wird der Nuklearmediziner dann noch gebraucht? Quo vadis, Nuklearkardiologie?
Koronare Herzkrankheit: Aktueller Stand der klinischen Anwendung der Myokardperfusionsszintigrafie im Rahmen des chronischen Koronarsyndroms
Authors: Goetz Christian , Meyer Philipp T. , Mühlen Constantin von zur 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Myokardperfusionsszintigrafie (MPS) hat sich im Bereich der klinischen Anwendung und Methodik in Deutschland in den 10 letzten Jahren kontinuierlich entwickelt. Die neue europäische Leitlinie zur Diagnostik und Behandlung des neu definierten chronischen Koronarsyndroms hat die Rolle der nicht invasiven Bildgebung und damit der nuklearmedizinischen Verfahren bestätigt und gestärkt. Die MPS liefert wertvolle Beiträge zur klinischen Prognoseeinschätzung und Therapieentscheidung aufgrund des Zusammenhanges von szintigrafisch nachgewiesener Perfusionsstörung mit der Häufigkeit von kardiovaskulärem Tod und nicht tödlichem Herzinfarkt.In diesem Artikel wird ein Überblick über die Einsatzbereiche, die aktuellen Leitlinien und den momentanen Stellenwert der MPS sowie eine kurze Zusammenfassung der praktischen Anwendung des Verfahrens gegeben.
Verschiedene Untersuchungsprotokolle und Möglichkeiten der Strahlenreduktion bei der Myocardperfusionsszintigrafie
Authors: Kranz Stephan , Glawe Matthias 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Myocardperfusionsszintigrafie stellt unverändert eine wichtige diagnostische Methode zur Evaluation der hämodynamischen Relevanz einer koronaren Herzkrankheit dar. Mit der Einführung der CZT-Kameras sowie anderer technischer Neuerungen auch bei konventionellen Gammakameras wie z. B. die IQ-SPECT-Technologie sowie verbesserte Auswertealgorithmen, konnte die Strahlenbelastung pro Untersuchung kontinuierlich gesenkt werden, sodass sich die moderne nuklearmedizinische Perfusionsbildgebung sowohl hinsichtlich der diagnostischen Spezifität und Sensitivität als auch der Strahlenbelastung gegenüber den konkurrierenden Methoden nicht zu verstecken braucht.
Entwicklungen nach Einführung des OPS 8-98h („spezialisierte palliativmedizinische Komplexbehandlung durch einen Palliativdienst“) – eine erste Bilanz Palliativmedizinischer Dienste in Bayern
Authors: Anneser Johanna , Brown Anna , Thurn Tamara 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund DRG-abhängige Zusatzentgelte bilden aktuell eine wichtige Finanzierungsgrundlage der in Krankenhäusern tätigen, multiprofessionellen Palliativdienste. Neben dem Zusatzentgelt (ZE 60) des OPS 8-982 besteht seit Januar 2017 die Möglichkeit, über den neu eingeführten OPS 8-98h krankenhausindividuelle Zusatzentgelte abzurechnen. Eine wesentliche Neuerung war hierbei, dass im Gegensatz zum OPS 8-982, für dessen Erlös eine Mitbetreuung des Patienten von mindestens sechs Stunden pro Woche und eine Mindestbehandlungsdauer von sieben Tagen erforderlich ist, der Wochenbezug zugunsten einer gestaffelten, aufwandsbezogenen Vergütung fallengelassen wurde.
Methodik Wir führten von November bis Dezember 2018 eine Online-Befragung der vom Bayerischen Staatsministerium für Gesundheit und Pflege genehmigten Palliativmedizinischen Dienste (PMD) durch. Es wurden besonders Entwicklungen infolge der Einführung des OPS 8-98h bezüglich finanzieller, struktureller und organisatorischer Charakteristika untersucht. Als Vergleich dienten Daten von Befragungen der bayerischen PMD aus den Jahren 2011 und 2015.
Ergebnisse Der Rücklauf betrug 52 % (30 Fragebögen). Elf PMD (37 %) rechneten den OPS 8-98h ab. Bei größeren (> 400 Betten) Krankenhäusern (59 %) war dies signifikant häufiger der Fall als bei kleineren (< 400 Betten) Häusern (15 %). Erlöst wurden bis Ende 2018 ausschließlich Pauschalen pro Patient (durchschnittlich 592 €). Die Mehrheit dieser Dienste (N = 9/11; 82 %) finanzierte sich neben dem OPS 8-98h auch durch den älteren OPS 8-982. Insgesamt konnten sich nur 13 Dienste (43 %) ausschließlich durch die Zusatzentgelte des OPS 8-982 und/oder 8-98h finanzieren. Keinem Dienst gelang dies allein durch den OPS 8-98h. Strukturell zeigte sich seit 2011 eine signifikante Abnahme des Prozentsatzes der Dienste, die über fest im Team integrierte Seelsorger und Psychologen verfügen.
Diskussion Die Einführung des OPS 8-98h ist ein wichtiger Schritt in Richtung einer praxisnahen und adäquaten Finanzierung der in Krankenhäusern tätigen multiprofessionellen Palliativdienste. Unsere Befragung zeigte jedoch, dass folgende Punkte verbesserungsbedürftig sind:1. Vergütung des OPS 8-98h: Die Höhe der aktuellen krankenhausindividuellen Zusatzentgelte ist für eine kostendeckende Finanzierung der PMD nicht ausreichend.2. Abrechenbarkeit des OPS 8-98h in kleineren Krankenhäusern: Der neue Komplexcode scheint gegenwärtig für kleinere Häuser wenig attraktiv zu sein.3. Multiprofessionalität der PMD: Die Einschränkung der erlösrelevanten Leistungen auf die im OPS definierten Berufsgruppen ist für eine den Patientenbedürfnissen entsprechende Palliativversorgung nachteilig.
Schritt für Schritt zur Blutentnahme
Authors: Sengebusch Jürgen , Herzog Michael 
Published: February 2020

SummaryUm eine sichere Diagnose zu stellen, ist eine Blutentnahme oft unerlässlich. Dafür muss in der Regel eine Vene, zum Beispiel V. cephalica, punktiert werden. Vor der Venenpunktion ist es wichtig, die rechtlichen Vorschriften wie die Aufklärung des Patienten zu erfüllen sowie sorgfältig die benötigten Materialien vorzubereiten. Begleitend zu einer Venenpunktion (zur Blutentnahme oder Injektion/Infusion) ist eine ordnungsgemäße Dokumentation zu leisten.
Progressive or not progressive?
Authors: Rautionaho Paula , Deshors Sandra C. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This multifactorial analysis of progressive marking contrasts native English to two Asian Englishes and Dutch English.
Specifically, we (i) model writers’ constructional choices (progressive vs. non-progressive) across Englishes based on several
linguistic predictors simultaneously, (ii) assess how those factors impact the progressive vs. non-progressive alternation, (iii)
how several linguistic factors determine, simultaneously, writers’ constructional choices and (iv) how those choices differ across
varieties and genres. Based on 4,661 verb constructions from five comparable multi-genre corpora, we ran a logistic regression
analysis to determine which factors cause English-speaking populations to differ in their constructional choices and in which
specific contexts. While the model strongly predicts speakers’ choices, within individual genres, tense and modality are found to
influence speakers’ choices differently. Overall, our results yield nuanced insights into the (dis)similarities among and within
ESL/EFL varieties and contribute to the broader issue of the native-foreign-second language continuum across genres.
The use of stative progressives by school-age learners of English and the importance of the variable context
Authors: Fuchs Robert , Werner Valentin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Previous studies indicate that even Advanced learners of English as a Foreign Language and speakers of English as a Second
Language extend the progressive to stative verbs, contrary to the predictions of the Aspect Hypothesis (AH). We test this
claim based on a corpus of beginning and lower intermediate learner writing produced by speakers of three languages with and
three without a progressive. In contrast to previous studies, we measure the frequency of stative progressives using the
variable context method, which is frequently used in research on dialectal variation. Results reveal that stative progressives
are very rare at the beginning/lower intermediate level, regardless of the presence of a progressive in the learners’ L1,
confirming the claim of the AH for beginning and lower intermediate learners. Moreover, stative progressives mostly occur in
contexts that are grammatical in native usage, especially in the interlanguage of learners with a progressive in their L1.
The basic unit of spoken language and the interfaces between prosody, discourse and
syntax
Authors: Izre'el Shlomo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Looking at spoken language as an integrative whole, where prosody,
syntax and discourse features interplay as to conveying information, I will try to figure out
the best methodology for its research by advocating that the best candidate to be regarded
as the basic unit of spoken discourse is the utterance. Arguments brought
will be mainly phonetic, phonological (prosodic), informational, and syntactic. In addition,
arguments from pragmatics and conversation analysis will be mentioned.
Design and annotation of two-level utterance units in Japanese
Authors: Maruyama Takehiko , Den Yasuharu , Koiso Hanae 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We introduce an annotation scheme of two-level utterance units in
Japanese speech, thus identifying utterance units in two different levels, which are called
“short utterance-unit” (SUU) and “long utterance-unit” (LUU). SUUs are divided by acoustic
and prosodic boundaries, corresponding to Intonation Units (Chafe, 1994), considered as basic units of speakers’ planning. LUUs,
on the other hand, correspond to Clausal Units (Biber,
Johansson, Leech, Conrad, & Finegan, 1999), being divided by major syntactic
breaks and/or communicative interactions. Those are basic units of syntactic chunks and/or
participants’ interaction. We show a design of SUU and LUU consisting of prosodic, clausal
and non-clausal units. Annotating SUU and LUU in 12 dialogs of two hours altogether, we
examine their characteristics and distribution in the corpus.
Analysis of two English spontaneous speech examples with the dependency incremental
prosodic structure model
Authors: Martin Philippe 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Two examples of English spontaneous speech are analyzed
prosodically, using the dependency incremental prosodic structure model. Instead of
annotating prosodic events with the ToBI system, stressed accent phrases and final
syllables are described in terms of rising or falling melodic contours, characterized by
their melodic change above or below the glissando threshold. These contours
indicate dependency relations between accent phrases, which in turn define the sentence
prosodic structure.
Basic units of speech segmentation
Authors: Mithun Marianne 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The segmentation of the monologue Navy and the
dialogue Hearts described here is based solely on the acoustic signal. The
unit of reference is the intonation unit as defined in the work of Chafe, characterized by a
single, coherent pitch contour. Units defined by pitch often coincide with intensity,
pauses, rhythm, and phonation type, though not always. In English they typically begin with
a pitch reset followed by declination. Series of intonation units often form larger prosodic
sentences, which can show an overall declination in pitch, often with intermediate pitch
resets at the beginning of each unit. As shown by Chafe (1987, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1998, 2000,
2018), each unit tends to convey one new idea or
focus of consciousness. They often correlate with syntactic constituents or sentences,
though not always.
Segmentation of the English texts Navy and Hearts
with SUU and LUU
Authors: Maruyama Takehiko 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The chapter shows segmentation analyses of two English texts
according to the criteria of the SUU (Short Utterance-Unit) and the LUU (Long
Utterance-Unit). Our basic idea of segmentation is to identify utterance boundaries at two
different levels. SUUs represent small information chunks, which are related to speakers’
planning and hearers’ understanding in a short time, and roughly correspond to prosodic and
intonational units. LUUs, on the other hand, are basic chunks of interaction between the
speaker and the hearer, corresponding to syntactic, discourse, and interactional units.
Acoustic, prosodic, syntactic, and interactional boundaries were used as cues for segmenting
utterances at two different levels. The technique of segmentation offers a way to view the
multi-layered structure of spontaneous speech.
Some notes on the Hearts and Navy excerpts according
to the Language into Act Theory
Authors: Cresti Emanuela , Moneglia Massimo 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The paper sketches the Language into Act Theory and how it catches
the difference between the Navy monologue and the Hearts
dialogue. According to L-AcT, two types of reference units, both ending with a prosodic
terminal break are identified: utterance matching with a single speech act
and stanza expressing a flow of thought through an adjunction process.
Navy is a sequence of two narrative stanzas with a
complex informational organization, while Hearts is organized in 11
utterances showing high illocutionary variation. The core of the
information pattern is the Comment accomplishing the illocutionary force. The information
structure, expressing a closed set of functions, is in one-to-one correspondence with the
prosodic structure. The linguistic content is not compositional across information units.
Comparing annotations for the prosodic segmentation of spontaneous speech
Authors: Panunzi Alessandro , Gregori Lorenzo , Rocha Bruno 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This chapter reports a quantitative and qualitative comparison of
seven annotations performed on the same two American English texts: a monologue and a
dialogue. The analysis of these data is complex, since the annotations have been made
independently by each research group on the basis of their own theoretical frameworks.
Despite this difference, the fundamental role of prosody in the analysis of speech emerges
clearly in every annotation. Prosodic breaks can be then viewed as theory independent
entities. After summarizing the key features of theoretical models, we derived a unified
tagset and developed a web application (SLAC) to compare different annotations. Finally,
agreement on prosodic breaks has been measured in different ways, reporting promising
results in terminal break identification.
The silicon photomultiplier: fundamentals and applications of a modern solid-state photon detector
Authors: Gundacker Stefan , Heering Arjan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) is an established device of choice for a variety of applications, e.g. in time of flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET), lifetime fluorescence spectroscopy, distance measurements in LIDAR applications, astrophysics, quantum-cryptography and related applications as well as in high energy physics (HEP).
To fully utilize the exceptional performances of the SiPM, in particular its sensitivity down to single photon detection, the dynamic range and its intrinsically fast timing properties, a qualitative description and understanding of the main SiPM parameters and properties is necessary. These analyses consider the structure and the electrical model of a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) and the integration in an array of SPADs, i.e. the SiPM. The discussion will include the front-end readout and the comparison between analog-SiPMs, where the array of SPADs is connected in parallel, and the digital SiPM, where each SPAD is read out and digitized by its own electronic channel.
For several applications a further complete phenomenological view on SiPMs is necessary, defining several SiPM intrinsic parameters, i.e. gain fluctuation, afterpulsing, excess noise, dark count rate, prompt and delayed optical crosstalk, single photon time resolution (SPTR), photon detection effieciency (PDE) etc. These qualities of SiPMs influence directly and indirectly the time and energy resolution, for example in PET and HEP. This complete overview of all parameters allows one to draw solid conclusions on how best performances can be achieved for the various needs of the different applications.