bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Achieving real equality in health and social care: IENE9 project, a work in progress for LGBT+ people
Authors: Lopez-Villegas A , Lopez-Liria R , Rocamora-Perez P , Pezzella A , Dudau V , Kouta C , Nielsen D , Baiocco R , Kuckert-Wöstheinrich A , Papadopoulos R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Issues with professional conduct and discrimination against Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT+) people in health and social care, continue to exist in most EU countries and worldwide.

Objectives
The project IENE9 titled: “Developing a culturally competent and compassionate LGBT+ curriculum in health and social care education” aims to enable teacher/trainers of theory and practice to enhance their skills regarding LGBT+ issues and develop teaching tools to support the inclusion of LGBT+ issues within health and social care curricula. The newly culturally competent and compassionate LGBT+ curriculum will be delivered though a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) which is aimed at health and social care workers, professionals and learners across Europe and worldwide.

Results
We have identified educational policies and guidelines at institutions teaching in health and social care, taken into account for developing the learning/teaching resources. The MOOC will be an innovative training model based on the Papadopoulos (2014) model for “Culturally Competent Compassion”. The module provides a logical and easy to follow structure based on its four constructs 'Culturally Aware and Compassionate Learning', 'Culturally Knowledgeable and Compassionate Learning', 'Culturally Sensitive and Compassionate Learning', 'Culturally Competent and Compassionate Learning'.

Conclusions
Specific training may result in better knowledge and skills of the health and social care workforce, which helps to reduce inequalities and communication with LGBT+ people, as well as diminishing the feelings of stigma or discrimination experienced.

Key messages
More information about the IENE 9 project at http://iene-lgbt.com. The partners organization will support local partners, education and training providers, LGBT+ care organizations to do learning using our platform and our created MOOC, to set up new training.
Healthy Pacific Islands Grandparents: ‘Putting your best foot forward’
Authors: Tautolo E 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
People of Pacific ethnicity are characterised as at 'high risk' of poor lower limb health by podiatric care professionals, likely due to a high rate of diabetes within the NZ Pacific community. Foot care maintenance is identified as an ongoing health challenge by Pacific elders with seemingly simple tasks, such as regular trimming of toenails, often found to be difficult due to reduced physical flexibility, and a lack of knowledge of appropriate foot health maintenance. A research collaboration between a cohort of older Pacific people and a research team was developed to design and implement a programme to address podiatric health for this vulnerable population group.

Methods
This research project was based in Auckland, NZ, where 70% of the total NZ Pacific population is resident. The team adopted a Participatory Action Research (PAR) process, placing participants in a leadership role where they are co-researchers involved in the research design and implementation of recommendations. Talanoa - a Pacific-designed qualitative interview method, was used to raise, discuss and identify strategies for healthy ageing among Pacific older people in NZ.

Results
A total of 78 Pacific Islands elders had their foot health assessed, and participated in footcare information sessions. Overall, lower limb health was good, 21 required follow-ups primarily for thickened toenails and minor issues such as dry skin. 2 participants were referred to their general practitioner for treatment of suspected melanoma underneath their nails.

Conclusions
The PAR process empowers older Pacific co-researchers to identify their own priority health issues, and determine how they could be more effectively addressed. In view of this, the provision of healthcare assessments in ethnic-specific community settings is a more effective approach for addressing podiatric health and preventing further serious complications.

Key messages
Utilising appropriate Indigenous research approaches is necessary to ensure more effective and sustainable outcomes for these minority communities. Participatory Action Research is an effective way for facilitating collaboration and innovative strategies to address the health needs of older minority groups.
Mental health status of refugee children
Authors: Lemonjava N , Antia K , Lobjanidze M , Lobjanidze T 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
A number of refugees and asylum seekers have increased dramatically in recent years. More than 250 million people worldwide are considered as refugees (United Nations High Commission for Refugees, 2018), among whom more than 50% are children. General health and especially psychological health of the refugee and asylum seeking children are an emerging, however, not well explored issues. In this study, we aimed to review the literature on the psychological health of refugee children.

Methods
We performed a literature search and descriptive analysis of studies published until July 2019, through MEDLINE and Science Direct databases. We identified literature on psychological health state of refugee and asylum seeking children. We analysed results of 16 studies.

Results
The study found that refugee children are facing severe psychological health issues, such as Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, behavioural problems. We identified 3 phases of psychological trauma and stress among refugee children: stress due to conflict in their home countries, stress during migration, and upon the arrival to host country. Our analysis reviled integration difficulties such as racism and bulling as important stress factors for the refugee children. Studies found that prevalence of PTSD is more than 54% among refugee children residing in Norway, significantly higher than in reference population. The studies identified the need of regular mental health assessment and preventive care, psychological counselling services for the refugee children. All included studies showed significantly higher stress among refugee children when compared to local children in host countries.

Conclusions
Rehabilitation services and follow-up supportive programs should be implemented to improve the mental health status of refugee children; these interventions will also contribute to their better integration.

Key messages
Screening and regular monitoring provided by host countries healthcare system is crucial to identify high risk children. More research is needed to better investigate the psychological health state and needs of refugee children.
Pathways to healthcare for migrants and vulnerable people inclusion: the experience of Genti di Pace
Authors: Mancinelli S , Buonomo E , Mosaico F , Biondi G , Zampa A , Marchegiani M P , Gnolfo F 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Issue
Chronic and acute diseases affects migrants and vulnerable people who often face barriers in accessing health care services. Here is the description of an innovative health center (HC) developed for identifying barriers and facilitating access to health care services of hard-to-reach (HTR) people in Rome.

Description of the Problem
The Community of Sant'Egidio together with the “Migrant Health Unit” of ASL Roma 1 has established an innovative HC program aimed to improve health outcomes in HTR urban population. One of the main Public Health challenge is to reduce inequalities among migrants and vulnerable people through improving access to health services. Data here analysed were collected during 2019.

Results
897 migrants and vulnerable people received heath care assistance. 52.4% were females, mean age 40.7±21.4 ds, 16.3% aged under 18 years and 69.6% were between 18-64 years. Countries of provenance: 56.8% Eastern Europe (Bosnia and Romania), 16.8% South America and 15.2% North Africa. 3.2% were refugees. Among 1986 health interventions 56.3% were general medical visits, 35.4% prescriptions and free drugs distribution, 4.1% children growth controls and baby milk supplies, 3.6% specialist visits and only 0.3% were sending to the Emergency Room.

Lessons
Improving the access to health care services of migrants is both a public health and an economic goal. The increase in chronic-degenerative diseases underlines the need to facilitate access to health services, also through collaboration networks between public and private social. This allows continuity in treatment, which has great meaning of secondary prevention, as well as rationalization of resources, reducing an improper use of the Emergency Room, which provides occasional intervention, but does not integrate into an efficient/effective therapeutic path.

Key messages
Promoting health care services like this can reduce barriers, improve health outcomes in migrants and increase sustainability of the NHS. Improving access to public and private social health services is important especially in presence of chronic-diseases which require continuous therapies and examinations.
Subjective employment perspective among older workers with and without migrant background in Germany
Authors: Schröder C C , Breckenkamp J , du Prel J-B , Hasselhorn H M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
In the coming years, large groups of workers with migrant background will reach pensionable age in Germany. However, this group has been virtually ignored by worldwide retirement research so far. The aim of this study was to investigate the subjective employment perspective in higher working age for employees with migrant background (EMB) and without (non-EMB). By subjective employment perspective, we mean willing, being able to and planning to work until the individual state pension age (iSPA).

Methods
A representative sample of socially insured employees, born in 1959 or 1965, was surveyed in 2011, 2014 and 2018 with computer assisted personal interviews for the lidA-study. The current cross-sectional analysis is based on data from the third study wave (n = 3286) of the lidA cohort study. EMB were differentiated via generation (first-generation, G1, vs. second-generation, G2), or nationality (German vs. foreign). Applying bivariate statistics with tests of independence and block-wise logistic regressions, group differences were investigated. Sex, age, educational level, net household income, health and work factors were considered as covariates.

Results
When comparing subgroups of EMB, significant differences appeared in bivariate analyses for willing and planning to work. G1 were to a higher degree planning to work longer than G2 and those EMB with foreign nationality were more willing and planning than those EMB with German nationality. Multivariate analyses revealed significant differences of G1 and non-EMB for planning, being significant in the fully adjusted model, but not for willing.

Conclusions
Our study has found persistent differences between first-generation migrants and non-migrant workers in the subjective employment perspective with regard to planning. These findings underline the need for further retirement research in migrant groups as well as the need for differentiation of migrant groups in social and public health research.

Key messages
Socio-epidemiological research identifies employees born abroad or with foreign nationality as risk-groups in times of extending working lives. Public health and social policy shall focus on them. Public health research should differentiate migrant subgroups, as people with migrant background are not homogenous and very diverse in various aspects.
From Barbara to Bia: Art, policy and science dialoguing with rights and health of lesbians in Brazil
Authors: Lima M G , Sandroni C , Medina L P B 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Issue
Discrimination and homophobia are latent and can affect health. Chico Buarque composed at least three songs about lesbian love: Barbara (with Ruy Guerra - 1972), Sea and Moon (1980) and Blues for Bia (2017).

Problem
Beginning with the view that art can manifest itself as narrative, this paper analyzes the alignment of the content of the three songs mentioned above with Brazilian policies ensuring LGBT rights and the trend of studies on lesbian health in Brazil from 1970 to 2019. The results can assist the promotion of discussions in other places. We performed 1) a search of governmental policies aimed at protecting the rights of the LGBT population; 2) a systematic search for studies on lesbian health in PUBMED; 3) a musical analysis of the songs.

Results
The 1970s was marked by a military government when the love addressed in the song 'Barbara' was closeted and sad. The song (composed in a minor tone) uses half-step intervals, generating melancholy feelings. In the 1980s, still under a dictatorial government, several social movements initiated a militant stance for the LGBT movement and the song “Sea and Moon” addressed the suicide of a lesbian couple. We found no government actions in this period or studies conducted in Brazil in the PUBMED database up to 1998. Government policies emerged in the 2000s, especially through the program entitled 'Brazil without Homophobia' in 2004. Other policies followed and intensified in the 2010s. The number of studies increased from seven up to the year 2009 to 105 from 2010 onward. “Blues for Bia” addresses sexual freedom with lightheartedness.

Lessons
The increase in policies for the rights of the LGBT population was aligned with a trend in studies on lesbian health and with the three songs analyzed. Songs began with sad, negative tones until finally arriving at issues of autonomy and freedom, suggesting the importance of the maintenance of these actions that can alleviate problems related to LGBT rights and health.

Key messages
Policies for LGBT rights and studies on lesbian health have increased in Brazil since 2000s, especially after 2010. The tone of the songs studied changed from pain to lightness, in line with increase of the research and policies, emphasizing the importance of such actions.
Nutrition and physical activity among foreign students of the University of Georgia
Authors: Gelashvili M , Lobjanidze M , Antia K , Lobjanidze T 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Nowadays millions of students are moving to another country to advance their education. They must adapt to the changing conditions for education. Students who leave their own country face many challenges. The purpose of the study was to investigate and evaluate the nutrition and physical activity of foreign students of the University of Georgia (UG) after entering the university.

Methods
Cross-sectional study was conducted among international students. We used self-administrated validated questionnaire with closed and open questions. Behaviors regarding the physical activity, diet of foreign and Georgian students were identified. Local students of the UG were used as a comparison group. Study participants were selected randomly among all international and Georgian students of UG.

Results
The results of the study showed that stress factors, the environment and various cultures influence students' nutrition and physical activity. A noticeable change in the deterioration of physical activity was observed among Georgian and foreign students (8% of international students physical activity has deteriorated sharply). The students showed a significant changes of body mass index (BMI). Meanwhile, most international students are overweight. 10 % of international students are facing obesity. Weight of Georgian students increased by 32 % after entering the University, while international students it increased by 30 %. The results showed that the nutritional ratio worsened after entering at the university almost equally with both Georgian and foreign students. However, the study identified that 56% of Georgian, and 86% of international students are willing to improve their physical activity in the future.

Conclusions
The study identified that international students of the UG face nutrition and healthy lifestyle problems, such as overweight, physical inactivity. Further promotion of a healthy lifestyle of international students is recommended.

Key messages
More attention on health promotion and monitoring should be given to international students who are coming to advance their education in Georgia. More research is recommended to better promote healthy lifestyle among international students in Georgia.
Stress and sleeping disorders among international students of the University of Georgia
Authors: Shonia T , Lobjanidze M , Antia K , Lobjanidze T 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Psycho-physiological factors play a major role in the well-being of students. Available studies have shown that students' sleep habits and stress levels are changing dramatically, especially international students are affected negatively. Increased stress level is associated with decreased cognitive functioning, which negatively affects their academic performance. The main aim of this study was to evaluate sleep disturbance and stress level among international students of the University of Georgia (UG).

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 100 randomly selected foreign and local students of UG. Self-administrated questionnaire was used to evaluate students' stress level and sleeping habits. Local students of UG were selected as a control group.

Results
The study found high prevalence of stress (47%) and sleep deprivation (64%) among international students. The students are facing severe psychological health issues, such as: stress, depression, anxiety, sleep disorders and behavioral problems. The results of the survey also revealed that 43% of all respondents had stress and sleep disorders, stress factors were similar for both groups. The study identified two common stress and sleep disorders among international and local students: stress and sleep problems due to changing lifestyle and due to new education system. However, several stress factors such as: different language, homesickness and cultural differences also contributed to the increased stress.

Conclusions
Our study identified that international students of the University of Georgia face stress and sleep deprivation. Stress related to their academic performance contributed significantly to sleep disorders.

Key messages
More research is recommended to better examine psychological health state of international students of the University of Georgia. More interventional programs are needed to support international students’ better integration and academic performance.
Nursing work process in Street Clinic to combat vulnerability of the Homeless Persons
Authors: Bombonatti G R , Santos D S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The Street Clinic was created to expand access to health for Homeless Persons. Within the service, the role of the nursing team is very important in accessing and establishing care, welcoming, bond building, promoting a save environment, health prevention and education, interdisciplinary communication, patient management and articulation with other services. The research aimed to analyze the objects, instruments, purposes and products in the nursing work process, considering the principle of equity of Brazilian National Health System and the serious vulnerability of the population in question. In this way, it is necessary to understand the valorization of nursing.

Methods
Study of qualitative approach with participant observation, field diary, application of three semi-structured interviews and use of thematic content analysis method. The study scenario was the nursing team of the Street Clinic in a city in the interior of São Paulo.

Results
The following elements of the nursing work process were analyzed: dwelling place, health demands and intersectionality of this population (objects); team organization, materials, harm reduction, communication with the intersectoral network, assistance, health guidance, opportunities for action, administration, management and personal and professional transformation (instruments); comprehensive and equitable care, building bonds and trust (purposes and products). Nursing, in this process and within a biomedical logic in the service, faces overload, pressure and devaluation.

Conclusions
Nursing is configured as a strategic category in the performance of the Street Clinic and in the equity of care. There are facilities and difficulties to act independently with the multiprofissional team, especially with the biomedical model present in the service. It is necessary to build recognition of the performance of nursing and the empowerment of professionals in this category.

Key messages
Nursing still needs professional empowerment and recognition of the importance of their work process as essential in addressing vulnerabilities and equity in care. Bonding, trust and harm reduction are essential elements in the nursing work process in addressing the vulnerability of the Homeless Persons.
Health in prison: characterization and perception of inmates
Authors: Machado F H B , Silva L S , Costa P A D , Rodrigues A S , Miranda M L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The health actions directed to the population deprived of freedom in the Brazilian prison system make invisible important aspects of prison conditions and thus, corroborate the permanence of iniquities in prison units. The prison scenarios have several particularities that require the search for new ways of planning and executing health actions in these spaces. The objective was to characterize the prison environment and to know the perception of inmates about the health care available to them. That's a mixed, descriptive-exploratory study conducted in a prison in the state of Bahia. Secondary data were collected from the local nursing team and a survey on the structure of the services, as well as semi-structured interviews with fourteen interns. The testimonies were transcribed, analyzed through Content Analysis, originating thematic categories, discussed in the light of pertinent literature. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, under the opinion 2,168,846. The data point to the existence of cell overcrowding, insalubrity, poor hygiene, unsatisfactory food and the physical structure of the prison unit. The inmates' reports reinforce that such elements contribute to the aggravation of already existing illnesses and to emergence of others disease. In addition, these conditions favour fragmented health care, which intensifies the vulnerability of inmates and delegitimizes their constitutional rights. The study made it possible to deepen the knowledge about the conditions of confinement of the prison population in the state of Bahia and instigates the development of new research on the subject. Furthermore, the results offer subsidies for the development of health actions within prisons.

Key messages
The study opened up spaces of voice for people in situations of incarceration and problematized the offer of health actions and services in prison, inviting professionals to rethink their practices. The study made it possible to deepen the knowledge about the conditions of confinement of the prison population in the state of Bahia and instigates the development of new research on the subject.