bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiencing Grace: A Thematic Network Analysis of Person-Level Narratives
Authors: Schellekens Tine , Dillen Annemie , Dezutter Jessie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to clarify the lay experience of grace through person-level narratives. This empirical qualitative study follows a bottom-up approach, not restricted by specific theoretical assumptions, and includes a large and heterogeneous group of Belgian participants. The sample (recruited online) was composed of 456 participants (64% women, mean age = 50.04, age range from 18 to 93 years). Data consisted of 456 written narratives describing the experience of grace. They were analysed using a thematic analysis and thematic network approach with the help of a qualitative data management package Nvivo 12 pro. The resulting thematic network visualizes the experience of grace in the flow of time with (a) antecedents, grace can happen anywhere and anytime, but difficulties often precede grace; (b) the core experience is one of receiving an unmerited free gift in response to failure or brokenness or as an encounter with goodness and beauty, and this can be given by the divine or by other people and lastly (c) consequences entails a transformation at the intrapersonal, interpersonal and/or situational level. Our approach allows for an ecological and bottom-up understanding of grace as experienced nowadays in a secularized country and can empirically inform future studies about the connection between grace and psychological flourishing.
Cochlear synaptopathy: new findings in animal and human research
Authors: Aedo Cristian , Aguilar Enzo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In animal models, prolonged exposure (2 h) to high-level noise causes an irreparable damage to the synapses between the inner hair cells and auditory nerve fibers within the cochlea. Nevertheless, this injury does not necessarily alter the hearing threshold. Similar findings have been observed as part of typical aging in animals. This type of cochlear synaptopathy, popularly called “hidden hearing loss,” has been a significant issue in neuroscience research and clinical audiology scientists. The results obtained in different investigations are inconclusive in their diagnosis and suggest new strategies for both prognosis and treatment of cochlear synaptopathy. Here we review the major physiological findings regarding cochlear synaptopathy in animals and humans and discuss mathematical models. We also analyze the potential impact of these results on clinical practice and therapeutic options.
The effect of periaqueductal gray’s metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 8 activation on locomotor function following spinal cord injury
Authors: Hosseini Marjan , Parviz Mohsen , Shabanzadeh Alireza P. , Zamani Elham 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background and aims
The pathophysiology of spinal cord injury is very complex. One of the debilitating aspects of spinal cord injury in addition to pain is a defect in motor function below the lesion surface. In this study, we tried to assess the modulatory effect of (S)-3,4-Dicarboxyphenylglycine (DCPG), a metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 8 (mGluR8) agonist, on animal’s locomotor functions in a model of compression spinal cord injury.

Methods
We used a contusion method (T6-T8) for induction of spinal cord injury. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five equal groups (n = 10 per group). Clips compression injury model was used to induce spinal cord injury. Three weeks post injury DCPG, siRNA (small interfering Ribonucleic Acid) and normal saline (vehicle) were administered intra-ventrolaterally to the periaqueductal gray (PAG) region. Motor function, were assessed through BBB (Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan Locomotor Rating Scale) and ladder walking test. In addition, the effects of DCPG on axonal regeneration in corticospinal tract were evaluated.

Results
We found that DCPG could improve motor function and axonal regeneration in corticospinal tract when compared to siRNA group.

Conclusions
The results revealed that activation of mGluR8 in PAG is capable to improve motor function and of axonal regeneration due to the inhibitory effect on glutamate transmission on the spinal cord surface and also the elimination of the deleterious effect of glutamate on the regeneration of the injured area as an excitatory neurotransmitter.

Implications
Our findings in this study showed that, more attention should be paid to glutamate and its receptors in spinal cord injury studies, whether at the spinal or cerebral level, especially in the field of motor function after spinal cord injury.
Diagnostic value of laboratory results in children with acute appendicitis
Authors: Tartar Tugay , Bakal Ünal , Saraç Mehmet , Aydin Suleyman , Kazez Ahmet 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
The correct diagnosis rate in acute appendicitis (AA) is between 72 and 94% despite advanced laboratory and radiologic examinations. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of laboratory parameters in the diagnosis of children with appendicitis.

Materials and methods
Patients who underwent appendectomy were divided as AA (subdivided into two groups as perforated and non-perforated) and without appendicitis. White blood cell (WBC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), red cell distribution (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin levels and Alvarado score were recorded.

Results
WBC, NLR and CRP levels were higher in patients with AA (p<0.05). According to the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the ROC curve (AUC), p values and 95% confidence interval in predicting patients with and without appendicitis were NLR: 0.703, 0.025, 0.523–0.884; CRP: 0.822, <0.001, 0.725–0.919; procalcitonin: 0.631, 0.150, 506–0.755 and Alvarado score: 0.754, 0.05, 0.578–0.930, respectively. RDW, CRP and procalcitonin values of perforated appendicitis patients were higher compared with those of the non-perforated ones (p<0.05). According to the ROC curve, AUC, p values and 95%CI were NLR: 0.583, 0.094, 0.488–0.678; RDW: 0.715, <0.001, 0.628–0.802; CRP: 0.900, <0.001, 0.842–0.958; procalcitonin: 0.865, <0.001, 0.799–0.930 and Alvarado score: 0.727, <0.001, 0.641–0.812, respectively.

Conclusions
CRP is the most effective bioindicator in the diagnosis of AA, the detection of perforated cases. It was revealed that NLR is effective in the diagnosis of AA, procalcitonin and RDW values are effective in the separation of perforated cases.
Dynamic response of axially loaded end-bearing rectangular closed diaphragm walls
Authors: Cao Geng , Zhu Ming-xing , Gong Wei-Ming , Jiang Kai-yu , Wang Bo-Chen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an approximate analytical solution for the vertical dynamic impedance and shaft resistance of rectangular closed diaphragm walls (RCDWs) embedded in a homogeneous soil medium and resting on rock base. The vertical continuous displacement model for the steady-state response of RCDWs is proposed to ensure proper RCDWs-soil contact and satisfy the boundary condition of soil at infinite horizontal distance. The soil horizontal displacement is neglected and the effect is indirectly taken into account by the modification of soil modulus. The functional of system potential and kinetic energies is established via the soil and RCDWs displacement functions. The governing equations of the system and the relevant conditions are obtained and the vertical shaft resistance of RCDWs is established by employing Hamilton’s variational principle for RCDWs-soil system and thin layer element, respectively. Some representative numerical examples are presented to portray the influences of soil core ratio, height–width ratio, diaphragm wall-soil stiffness ratio, and aspect ratio of RCDWs cross sections on the dynamic impedances and stiffness of the shaft resistance.
Synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles @Trioctylmethylammonium thiosalicylat (TOMATS) as a new magnetic nanoadsorbent for adsorption of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solution
Authors: Kasraei Ruhollah , Malakootian Mohammad , Mohamadi Maryam 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate ciprofloxacin (CIP) removal efficiency from aqueous solutions by using Fe3O4 nanoparticles @Trioctylmethylammonium thiosalicylat Ionic liquid (Fe3O4 NP@ TOMATS IL) as a new magnetic nanoadsorbent. The adsorbent was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), mapping, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The effects of solution pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial CIP concentration, and temperature on CIP removal were also investigated. In optimal conditions such as pH = 5.6, CIP concentration = 30 mg/L, adsorbent dose = 0.15 g, temperature = 30 °C, contact time = 90 min, the removal efficiency in synthetic and real wastewater were obtained 87 and 73%, respectively. Batch experiments were carried out to study the sorption Kinetics, thermodynamics, and equilibrium isotherms of CIP with magnetic nanoadsorbent. The results show that all of the above factors influence CIP removal. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm fits the adsorption process well, with the pseudo second-order model describing the adsorption kinetics accurately. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that adsorption is mainly physical adsorption. Recycling experiments revealed that the behavior of adsorbent is maintained after recycling for four times.
Structure and energetics of microscopically inhomogeneous nanoplasmas in exploding clusters
Authors: Last Isidore , Heidenreich Andreas , Jortner Joshua 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We present a theoretical-computational study of the formation, structure, composition, energetics, dynamics and expansion of nanoplasmas consisting of high-energy matter on the nanoscale of ions and electrons. Molecular dynamics simulations explored the structure and energetics of hydrogen and neon persistent nanoplasmas formed under the condition of incomplete outer ionization by the laser field. We observed a marked microscopic inhomogeneity of the structure and the charge distribution of exploding nanoplasmas on the nanoscale. This is characterized by a nearly neutral, uniform, interior domain observed for the first time, and a highly positively charged, exterior domain, with these two domains being separated by a transition domain. We established the universality of the general features of the shape of the charge distribution, as well as of the energetics and dynamics of individual ions in expanding persistent nanoplasmas containing different positive ions. The inhomogeneous three-domain shell structure of exploding nanoplasmas exerts major effects on the local ion energies, which are larger by one order of magnitude in the exterior, electron-depleted domain than in the interior, electron-rich domain, with the major contribution to the ion energies originating from electrostatic interactions. The radial structural inhomogeneity of exploding nanoplasmas bears analogy to the inhomogeneous transport regime in expanded and supercritical metals undergoing metal-nonmetal transition.
The Resource Use Inflection Point for Safe NICU Discharge
Authors: Goldin Adam B. , Raval Mehul V. , Thurm Cary W. , Hall Matt , Billimoria Zeenia , Juul Sandra , Berman Loren 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVES:
(1) To identify a resource use inflection point (RU-IP) beyond which patients in the NICU no longer received NICU-level care, (2) to quantify variability between hospitals in patient-days beyond the RU-IP, and (3) to describe risk factors associated with reaching an RU-IP.

METHODS:
We evaluated infants admitted to any of the 43 NICUs over 6 years. We determined the day that each patient’s total daily standardized cost was &lt;10% of the mean first-day NICU room cost and remained within this range through discharge (RU-IP). We compared days beyond an RU-IP, the total standardized cost of hospital days beyond the RU-IP, and the percentage of patients by hospital beyond the RU-IP.

RESULTS:
Among 80 821 neonates, 80.6% reached an RU-IP. In total, there were 234 478 days after the RU-IP, representing 24.3% of the total NICU days and $483 281 268 in costs. Variability in the proportion of patients reaching an RU-IP was 33.1% to 98.7%. Extremely preterm and very preterm neonates, patients discharged with home health care services, or patients receiving mechanical ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, or feeding support exhibited fewer days beyond the RU-IP. Conversely, receiving methadone was associated with increased days beyond the RU-IP.

CONCLUSIONS:
Identification of an RU-IP may allow health care systems to identify readiness for discharge from the NICU earlier and thereby save significant NICU days and health care dollars. These data reveal the need to identify best practices in NICUs that consistently discharge infants more efficiently. Once these best practices are known, they can be disseminated to offer guidance in creating quality improvement projects to provide safer and more predictable care across hospitals for patients of all socioeconomic statuses.
Empleo de la RT-PCR en la detección del SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Mesa José Francisco Cancino , Castillo Adrián Alejandro Vitón , Torres Jorge Casí 
Published: July 2020

Introducción: la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa es una técnica de alta precisión en la detección y amplificación de material genético.
Objetivo: describir las bases del empleo de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa como prueba diagnóstica en la detección del SARS-CoV-2.
Método: se realizó una revisión de la literatura en artículos publicados hasta mayo de 2020. Se consultaron las bases de datos: Scopus, Wiley Online Library, SciELO, DIALNET, EBSCO, MEDLINE y PubMed. Se recuperaron artículos en español e inglés, seleccionándose 43 referencias.
Desarrollo: la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa para detectar SARS-CoV-2 consiste en la lectura de la ARN polimerasa dependiente del ARN, fragmentos ORF1ab, el gen E, el gen N y el gen S. El exudado nasofaríngeo ofrece mejores resultados que el orofaríngeo y saliva como muestra. Resulta necesaria la inclusión de pruebas reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcriptasa inversa (RT-PCR) que utilicen especímenes de hisopado rectal en casos sospechosos falsos negativos. Nuevos estudios y técnicas se elaboran con el objetivo de optimizar el proceso de detección.
Conclusiones: la disponibilidad de pruebas diagnósticas es crucial para el aislamiento de casos positivos y el seguimiento de la cadena epidemiológica de transmisión. La RT-PCR resultó ser la prueba de elección durante el período de replicación viral. La Prueba de amplificación isotérmica mediada por bucle (RT-LAMP) es una alternativa diagnóstica rápida con principios similares a la RT-PCR.
Эпидемия COVID-19 и ответ здравоохранения в разных странах
Authors: Улумбекова Гузель Эрнстовна , Гиноян Аргишти Багратович , Петрачков Иван Валерьевич 
Published: July 2020

Задача данного исследования – выявить социально-экономические и демографические факторы, а также характеристики системы здравоохранения и оперативные меры, принятые в борьбе с новой коронавирусной инфекцией COVID-19, которые способствовали скорейшей стабилизации эпидемической обстановки в разных странах. Для сравнения выбраны 14 стран: Белоруссия, Великобритания, Германия, Испания, Италия, Канада, Китай, Норвегия, Польша, США, Российская Федерация, Тайвань, Швеция и Южная Корея.
Проведен анализ эпидемических (число выявленных случаев COVID-19 в расчете на 1 млн населения, летальность и смертность от этой инфекции на 100 тыс. населения, число проведенных диагностических тестов), демографических (средний возраст населения, плотность населения, ожидаемая продолжительность жизни – ОПЖ) и экономических (валовой внутренний продукт – ВВП на душу населения) показателей и оценено состояние системы здравоохранения (общие и государственные расходы на здравоохранение в процентах к ВВП; обеспеченность стационарными койками и практикующими врачами; модель государственного финансирования здравоохранения и управления им).
Показано, что главными факторами, способствующими успеху в борьбе с распространением новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19, являются раннее реагирование и решительные действия; централизация управления регионами и санитарно-эпидемиологической службой во главе с министром здравоохранения; наличие единой для страны стратегии действий; проведение массового тестирования и быстрое отслеживание контактов зараженных; централизованное распределение средств индивидуальной защиты, лекарств и других расходных материалов, а также мониторинг потребности в них; использование передовых информационных технологий; достаточные мощности системы здравоохранения (наличие резервного коечного фонда и медицинских кадров); ежедневная информационная работа с населением, которая осуществляется специалистами и министром здравоохранения.
Репродуктивные установки россиян и отношение к государственным мерам поддержки рождаемости
Authors: Осипова Ирина 
Published: July 2020

Статья написана на основе опроса, выполненного Фондом «Общественное мнение» по заказу Агентства стратегических инициатив, а также других опросов ФОМ. Исследование посвящено репродуктивным установкам женщин в возрасте 18-45 лет и мужчин 18-55 лет, а также оценке ими существующих и предполагаемых мер пронаталистской политики и их эффективности.
Результаты опроса показывают, что наиболее распространенная желаемая модель семьи по количеству детей за 10 лет не изменилась и остается двухдетной. Однако на сегодняшний день намерения многих россиян «отстают» от их желаний. Так, лишь четверть опрошенных планируют завести еще одного ребенка. Остальных чаще всего останавливает отсутствие стабильных источников дохода, достаточных для рождения и воспитания еще одного ребенка. Поэтому (хотя и не только) наиболее популярными мерами демографической политики сегодня являются материальные: материнский капитал за рождение второго ребенка (опрос был проведен еще до введения такового и за первого ребенка), погашение обязательств по ипотечным кредитам для многодетных семей, ежемесячное пособие по уходу за ребенком до полутора лет.
Демографы, однако, сомневаются в эффективности подобных мер, с точки зрения повышения рождаемости. Данные опросов в некотором смысле это подтверждают. Несмотря на то, что опрошенные верят, что демографическая политика влияет на рождаемость, лишь немногие сами учитывали ее при принятии решения о том, заводить ребенка или нет.
SEARCHING FOR BUSINESS MODEL BY EDTECH STARTUPS IN ADULT EDUCATION SEGMENT ON THE RUSSIAN MARKET
Authors: Chavkin Z. V. 
Published: July 2020

In the article, the author attempts to identify the scalability factors of Russian EdTech startups, as well as offer recommendations for building a scalable business model. As a result, the author identified five groups of factors affecting the business model scalability and, somewhat, the success of an EdTech startup. It is especially important that this groups of factors correspond to the most important business model elements of an early-stage startup: the market (or “Customer segments”), the product (or “Value Proposition”), customer relations, distribution, as well as resources regarding the team and investments. Such a complex set of factors interconnected with the main elements of the business model can become a tool for making more effective management decisions, reducing entrepreneurial risks, and increasing the success possibility of an educational project. It was also discovered that copying the leader’s business model is not a relevant strategy for an educational startup and the subscription model does not affect success. On the contrary, the orientation to the global market, the key market trends exploitation, and high-quality distribution and promotion affect scalability and success.
THE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IS A TOOL FOR THE SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL MEGAPROJECTS
Authors: Shamin D. V. 
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the optimization of the processes of organization and management of international megaprojects based on the formation of a risk management system.Currently, the implementation efficiency of megaprojects remains low due to the emergence of many risks at various stages of project implementation.In this connection, it is proposed to form an integrated risk management system, which implies a three-stage structure for introducing the 6 element risk management system into the project life cycle, into the main project management processes.This article substantiates the need to form a risk management system in three stages in accordance with the key elements of a risk management system: (1) Planning – the block «Objectives and environment of the project»; (2) Approval of the project – the blocks «Identification», «Classification», «Assessment of risks and risk tolerance», «Risk management plan»; (3) Monitoring and control – the block «Control and monitoring of risks».Thus, the proposed integrated risk management system provides: continuity of the risk management process based on the audit of the RMS; the ability to adjust RMS at the stage of forecasting a risk event; possibility of scenario modeling for forecasting risk reduction potential; risk management program, formed by current risks in order to increase the attractiveness of the mega-project for the investor.It is also proposed to introduce an audit of risk management processes and procedures based on an adapted methodology for the following components of the risk management system: defining events and setting goals; the internal environment of the organization; organization risk assessment; risk control tools; responding to risks; communications and information; risk monitoring.This technique allows you to take into account risks not only at the stage of project development, but also during its implementation, which ensures its feasibility, as well as an audit algorithm for risk management systems of a megaproject is developed and recommendations for improving the RMS through this tool are proposed.
Chronic Pain and Yoga Therapy
Authors: Martin Donna 
Published: July 2020

One of the most baffling phenomena that health practitioners face is Pain. Although modern medicine has acquired some success in understanding and alleviating pain as a symptom, it is still almost completely at a loss when pain itself is the problem.
Something like 80% of people who visit a doctor do so because of pain. Yet no doctor can see, touch it or feel it in the same way as the patient does. No medical instrument or machine has been developed to measure it.
Table of Contents & Editorials
Authors: Miller Richard , Payne Larry 
Published: July 2020

Yoga may be defined as the bringing together (yug) of two things that were never separate in the first place. Yoga affirms that this ultimate healing occurs when we understand that we are always already whole, not separate, and healthy where we stand in our native (sahaj) condition. Understanding the phenomenal level of bodymind and the noumenal level of spirit are important if we are to be healed of the illusion that yoga aims to dispel. Understanding what we are not—body, senses, and mind—brings us toBeing Understanding that which we always already are.
Therapy implies healing, whether it be at the phenomenal level or at the noumenal level. It implies a, distance that is covered as we move from the perception of ourselves as unhealthy to the disposition of ourselves as possessing health.