bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short rehabilitation training program may improve postural control in children with autism spectrum disorders: preliminary evidences
Authors: Caldani Simona , Atzori Paola , Peyre Hugo , Delorme Richard , Bucci Maria Pia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAutism Spectrum Disorders subjects (ASD) is characterized by postural control deficits. This study aimed to explore the effect of a short postural rehabilitation training program on postural capabilities in children with ASD. Two groups (G1 and G2) of twenty children with ASD of IQ-, sex- and age- matched (mean age 11.7 ± 2.4 years) were included in this study. Posture was recorded by using the Balance Quest from Framiral on unstable platform in three different viewing conditions. The rehabilitation program consisted in two distinct postural control training exercises. Postural recordings were performed twice at T1 and T2 for both groups of children. Between T1 and T2 a 6-minute postural training was performed by the G1 group only, while the G2 group had a 6-minute of rest. Children were allocated randomly to the G1 or G2 groups. At T1, postural instability was similar for both groups of ASD children (G1 and G2) desp+\ite viewing conditions. At T2, we observed an improvement of postural control related to a mixed effect of training rehabilitation but also of test-retest. Knowing the potential of new rehabilitation strategies, the impact of postural control deficit in ASD children needs to be reconsidered. Well design case-control studies are requested to ensure scientific validity of postural rehabilitation training program.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Sentence Repetition and Nonword Repetition for Developmental Language Disorder in Vietnamese
Authors: Pham Giang , Ebert Kerry Danahy 
Published: May 2020

PurposeSentence repetition and nonword repetition assess different aspects of the linguistic system, but both have been proposed as potential tools to identify children with developmental language disorder (DLD). Cross-linguistic investigation of diagnostic tools for DLD contributes to an understanding of the core features of the disorder. This study evaluated the effectiveness of these tools for the Vietnamese language.MethodA total of 104 kindergartners (aged 5;2–6;2 [years;months]) living in Vietnam participated, of which 94 were classified as typically developing and 10 with DLD. Vietnamese sentence repetition and nonword repetition tasks were administered and scored using multiple scoring systems. Sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios were calculated to assess the ability of these tasks to identify DLD.ResultsAll scoring systems on both tasks achieved adequate to excellent sensitivity or specificity, but not both. Binary scoring of sentence repetition achieved a perfect negative likelihood ratio, and binary scoring of nonword repetition approached a highly informative positive likelihood ratio. More detailed scoring systems for both tasks achieved moderately informative values for both negative and positive likelihood ratios.ConclusionsBoth sentence repetition and nonword repetition are valuable tools for identifying DLD in monolingual speakers of Vietnamese. Scoring systems that consider number of errors and are relatively simple (i.e., error scoring of sentence repetition and syllables scoring of nonword repetition) may be the most efficient and effective for identifying DLD. Further work to develop and refine these tasks can contribute to cross-linguistic knowledge of DLD as well as to clinical practice.
Hybrid resonant three‐level ZCS converter suitable for photovoltaic power MVDC distribution network
Authors: Azeem Syed Waqar , Tariq Irfan , Mehmood Kashif , Ehab Muhammad , Rizwan Mian , Mond Muhammad Asim 
Published: May 2020

This study presents a hybrid resonant three‐level (TL) zero‐current‐switching (ZCS) converter for distributed photovoltaic power applications accessing medium‐voltage DC (MVDC) distribution network. The main constituents of the converter is a neutral point clamped TL circuit, an auxiliary circuit along with two transformers and six switches. The ZCS condition of the TL circuit is reached by operating the auxiliary circuit utilising pulse width modulation technique. It delivers the majority of the power and the switching loss is remarkably reduced. A section on the influence of the turn's ratio of the auxiliary transformer on the current is also presented. The piecewise linear electrical circuit simulation simulation results validate the designed parameter principles. For the sake of comparison, an experimental prototype is developed of 300–1500 V/1500 W to validate the performance of the proposed converter.
The evolution of stellar triples
Authors: Toonen S. , Portegies Zwart S. , Hamers A. S. , Bandopadhyay D. 
Published: May 2020

Context. Many stars do not live alone, but instead have one or more stellar companions. Observations show that these binaries, triples, and higher-order multiples are common. While the evolution of single stars and binaries have been studied extensively, the same is not true for the evolution of stellar triples.
Aims. To fill in this gap in our general understanding of stellar lives, we aim to systematically explore the long-term evolution of triples and to map out the most common evolutionary pathways that triples go through. We quantitatively study how triples evolve, which processes are the most relevant, and how this differs from binary evoluion.
Methods. We simulated the evolution of several large populations of triples with a population synthesis approach. We made use of the triple evolution code TRES to simulate the evolution of each triple in a consistent way, including three-body dynamics (based on the secular approach), stellar evolution, and their mutual influences. We simulated the evolution of the system up until mass transfer starts, the system becomes dynamically unstable, or a Hubble time has passed.
Results. We find that stellar interactions are common in triples. Compared to a binary population, we find that the fraction of systems that can undergo mass transfer is ∼2−3 times larger in triples. Moreover, while orbits typically reach circularisation before Roche-lobe overflow in binaries, this is no longer true in triples. In our simulations, about 40% of systems retain an eccentric orbit. Additionally, we discuss various channels of triple evolution in detail, such as those where the secondary or the tertiary is the first star to initiate a mass transfer event.
Simulations of stellar winds from X-ray bursts
Authors: Herrera Y. , Sala G. , José J. 
Published: May 2020

Context. Photospheric radius expansion during X-ray bursts can be used to measure neutron star radii and help constrain the equation of state of neutron star matter. Understanding the stellar wind dynamics is important for interpreting observations, and therefore stellar wind models, though studied in past decades, have regained interest and need to be revisited with updated data and methods.
Aims. Here, we study the radiative wind model in the context of X-ray bursts with modern techniques and physics input. We focus on characterization of the solutions and the study of observable magnitudes as a function of free model parameters.
Methods. We implemented a spherically symmetric nonrelativistic wind model in a stationary regime, with updated opacity tables and modern numerical techniques. Total mass and energy outflows (Ṁ, Ė) were treated as free parameters.
Results. A high-resolution parameter-space exploration was performed to allow better characterization of observable magnitudes. High correlation was found between different photospheric magnitudes and free parameters. For instance, the photospheric ratio of gravitational energy outflow to radiative luminosity is directly proportional to the photospheric wind velocity.
Conclusions. The correlations found here could help determine the physical conditions of the inner layers, where nuclear reactions take place, by means of observable photospheric values. Further studies are needed to determine the range of physical conditions in which the correlations are valid.
Galaxy classification: deep learning on the OTELO and COSMOS databases
Authors: de Diego José A. , Nadolny Jakub , Bongiovanni Ángel , Cepa Jordi , Pović Mirjana , Pérez García Ana María , Padilla Torres Carmen P. , Lara-López Maritza A. , Cerviño Miguel , Martínez Ricardo Pérez , Alfaro Emilio J. , Castañeda Héctor O. , Fernández-Lorenzo Miriam , Gallego Jesús , González J. Jesús , González-Serrano J. Ignacio , Pintos-Castro Irene , Sánchez-Portal Miguel , Cedrés Bernabé , González-Otero Mauro , Heath Jones D. , Bland-Hawthorn Joss 
Published: May 2020

Context.The accurate classification of hundreds of thousands of galaxies observed in modern deep surveys is imperative if we want to understand the universe and its evolution.Aims.Here, we report the use of machine learning techniques to classify early- and late-type galaxies in the OTELO and COSMOS databases using optical and infrared photometry and available shape parameters: either the Sérsic index or the concentration index.Methods.We used three classification methods for the OTELO database: (1)u − rcolor separation, (2) linear discriminant analysis usingu − rand a shape parameter classification, and (3) a deep neural network using thermagnitude, several colors, and a shape parameter. We analyzed the performance of each method by sample bootstrapping and tested the performance of our neural network architecture using COSMOS data.Results.The accuracy achieved by the deep neural network is greater than that of the other classification methods, and it can also operate with missing data. Our neural network architecture is able to classify both OTELO and COSMOS datasets regardless of small differences in the photometric bands used in each catalog.Conclusions.In this study we show that the use of deep neural networks is a robust method to mine the cataloged data.
Verordnungshäufigkeit, Missbrauch und Abhängigkeit
von Benzodiazepinen, Z-Substanzen und Opioidanalgetika
Authors: Wolter Dirk 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Verordnung von Benzodiazepinen (BZD) ist in den meisten westlichen
Industriestaaten seit mehreren Jahren rückläufig.
Entgegengesetzt war die Entwicklung bei den Z-Substanzen (Z-Drugs), wobei
sich jedoch dieser Verordnungsanstieg abflachte und – zumindest in
Deutschland – in den letzten Jahren die Verordnungen ebenfalls
zurückgehen. Die Prävalenzraten zeigen dabei erhebliche
regionale Unterschiede. Diese Daten umfassen jedoch nur die Verordnung zu
Lasten der gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung bzw. der staatlichen
Gesundheitssysteme in den skandinavischen Staaten und
Großbritannien. Zumindest in Deutschland gibt es daneben eine
beträchtliche Dunkelziffer, weil etwa 30–50% der
Verordnungen von BZD und Z-Drugs als Privatrezept erfolgen.Belastbare bevölkerungsbezogene Daten über die Verbreitung
von Missbrauch oder Abhängigkeit von diesen Substanzen gibt es
nicht, weil in epidemiologischen Studien keine hinreichend genauen Diagnosen
gestellt, sondern lediglich Hinweise auf eine mögliche
substanzassoziierte Störung gewonnen werden können. Eine
weitere Möglichkeit zur Abschätzung der Verbreitung von
Missbrauch oder Abhängigkeit von BZD und Z-Drugs besteht darin,
Prävalenzdaten aus der Untersuchung klinischer Stichproben auf die
Bevölkerung hochzurechnen.Dieselben methodischen Einschränkungen gelten auch für
Opioidanalgetika. Die Verordnungshäufigkeit hat seit Beginn der
1990er Jahre weltweit z. T. dramatisch zugenommen, wobei die regionalen
Unterschiede der Prävalenzraten noch deutlich größer
sind als bei BZD und Z-Drugs. Hinsichtlich des Gesamtverbrauchs pro
Einwohner belegt Deutschland zusammen mit den USA und Kanada einen
Spitzenplatz. Missbrauch und Abhängigkeit (bei Patienten mit
chronischen nichttumorbedingten Schmerzen) sind seltener als bei BZD und
Z-Drugs. Für alle drei Substanzgruppen gilt, dass Missbrauch und
Abhängigkeit im höheren Lebensalter deutlich seltener
auftreten.
Research Progress on lncRNA Functions and Mechanisms in Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: Du Qiu , Yao De-shan , Wang You-wei , Cheng Cheng 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDespite being the most common human neuroendocrine tumor, the pathogenesis of pituitary adenomas (PAs) is still unclear. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, and has been shown to play a key role in the process of tumor instigation and development by affecting the proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and metastasis of tumor cells. Therefore, lncRNAs may be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers of tumors. In this paper, the effect of lncRNA on the onset and progression of PAs is reviewed so as to provide a profound understanding of its pathogenesis and clinical reference for the early diagnosis of PAs.
Beeinflusst das Nahtmaterial die Rezidivrate nach Krossektomie?
Authors: Mendoza Erika 
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Im Rahmen der Literaturrecherche für die Leitlinie Diagnostik und Therapie der Varikose der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Phlebologie fiel die weite Streuung der Krossenrezidive zwischen den verschiedenen Studien auf. Auf der Suche nach Antworten wurden die Studien nach dem Nahtmaterial analysiert, das zum Verschluss der V. femoralis communis und des Venensterns verwendet wurde, um herauszufinden, ob die Art des Materials (resorbierbar, nicht resorbierbar) eine Rolle spielen könnte.
Methode Auswertung der Literaturrecherche der DGP für die Leitlinie sowie weitere Pubmed-Recherche mit dem Stichwort Neovaskulogenese und Rezidive nach Krossektomie. Erfasst wurden die chirurgische Technik (Krossektomie allein, mit Stripping oder mit endoluminalen Verfahren sowie Krossenligatur ohne Unterbrechung des Venensterns), das Nahtmaterial, die Dauer des Follow-ups sowie die Art der Studie (prospektiv, retrospektiv, randomisiert oder nicht). Die Anzahl der Rezidive mit Neovaskulogenese bei belassenem Stumpf wurden nicht gewertet. Studienarme mit speziellen Barrieretechniken am Foramen ovale wurden ausgeschlossen. Wurde das verwendete Nahtmaterial nicht in der Publikation erwähnt, wurde mit dem Autor respektive dem Chirurgen Kontakt aufgenommen, um diese Frage zu klären.
Ergebnis 24 Studien wurden gefunden, von denen 31 Therapiearme auf die Studienkriterien passten. Weniger als die Hälfte der Studien hatten das Nahtmaterial erwähnt, aber alle Autoren antworteten prompt und wussten das Nahtmaterial genau, weil sie immer dasselbe verwenden. Die Rezidivraten bei nichtresorbierbaren Nahtmaterialien lagen zwischen 1,1 % und 12,3 %, bei resorbierbaren Nahtmaterialien zwischen 10 und 65 %.
Zusammenfassung Auch wenn es sich nicht um ein systematisches Review handeln kann, weil nur 1 der Studien tatsächlich verschiedene Nahtmaterialien verglich, sind die Ergebnisse überraschend deutlich. In Deutschland ist die Chirurgie der am häufigsten verwendete Eingriff bei der Therapie der Varikose. Eine prospektiv randomisierte Studie zur Klärung dieser Frage wäre daher sinnvoll.
The Impact of Glucocorticoid Co-Secretion in Primary Aldosteronism on
Thyroid Autoantibody Titers During the Course of Disease
Authors: Handgriff Laura , Adolf Christian , Heinrich Daniel A. , Braun Leah , Nirschl Nina , Sturm Lisa , Ladurner Roland , Ricke Jens , Seidensticker Max , Bidlingmaier Martin , Reincke Martin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractExcess aldosterone is associated with the increased risk of
cardio-/cerebrovascular events as well as metabolic comorbidities
not only due to its hypertensive effect but also due to its proinflammatory
action. Autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) in the setting of primary
aldosteronism (PA) is known to worsen cardiovascular outcome and potentially
exhibit immunosuppressive effects. The aim of this study was to determine
the impact of ACS status in patients with PA on kinetics of thyroid
autoantibodies (anti-TPO, anti-TG) pre and post therapy initiation.
Ninety-seven PA patients (43 unilateral, 54 with bilateral PA) from the
database of the German Conn’s Registry were included. Anti-TPO and
anti-TG levels were measured pre and 6–12 months post therapeutic
intervention. Patients were assessed for ACS according to their 24- hour
urinary cortisol excretion, late night salivary cortisol and low-dose
dexamethasone suppression test. Abnormal test results in line with ACS were
identified in 74.2% of patients with PA. Following adrenalectomy,
significant increases in anti-TPO levels were observed in patients with at
least one abnormal test (p = 0.049), adrenalectomized patients with
at least two pathological ACS tests (p = 0.015) and adrenalectomized
patients with pathologic dexamethasone suppression tests (p =
0.018). No antibody increases were observed in unilateral PA patients
without ACS and in patients with bilateral PA receiving mineralocorticoid
antagonist therapy (MRA). Our data are in line with an immunosuppressive
effect of mild glucocorticoid excess in PA on thyroid autoantibody titers.
This effect is uncovered by adrenalectomy, but not by MRA treatment.
COVID-19-assoziierte Pneumonie trotz persistierend negativen PCR-Tests aus oropharyngealen Abstrichen
Authors: Hornuss Daniel , Laubner Katharina , Monasterio Carmen , Thimme Robert , Wagner Dirk 
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese und klinischer Befund Ein 46-jähriger Bauarbeiter stellte sich bei seit ca. 7 Tagen bestehender Infektsymptomatik mit Fieber und teilweise produktivem Husten sowie 2-maliger orthotstatischer Synkope in der Notaufnahme vor. Ambulant war bereits eine orale antibiotische Therapie über 5 Tage mit Sultamicillin durch den Hausarzt eingeleitet worden, die zu keiner Beschwerdebesserung führte. In der klinischen Untersuchung zeigten sich hypertone Blutdruckwerte bei bekannter arterieller Hypertonie, ansonsten unauffällige Vitalparameter sowie pulmonal feinblasige Rasselgeräusche links basal.
Untersuchungen und Diagnose Laborchemisch präsentierten sich erhöhte Werte für LDH sowie pro-BNP und CRP bei normwertigen Leukozyten und normwertigem Procalcitonin. Bei Verdacht auf Pneumonie wurde zunächst ein konventionelles Röntgenbild der Lunge durchgeführt, das laterale Verschattungen in beiden Lungen zeigte, verdächtig auf eine atypische Pneumonie. Bei initial negativem Rachenabstrich trotz typischer klinischer, radiologischer und laborchemischer Konstellation erfolgte ein erneuter tiefer Rachenabstrich auf SARS-CoV-2, welcher ebenfalls negativ ausfiel. In der nachgeschalteten CT-Untersuchung des Thorax zeigten sich für COVID-19 typische bipulmonale laterale milchglasartige Infiltrate, woraufhin ein dritter Rachenabstrich durchgeführt wurde, der erneut negativ blieb. Nach Asservierung und PCR-Analyse von Sputum konnte schließlich der Nachweis von SARS-CoV-2 erbracht und die Diagnose einer COVID-19-assoziierten Pneumonie gesichert werden.
Therapie und Verlauf Es erfolgte die stationäre Aufnahme zur Infekt- und Synkopen-Abklärung. Bei zunächst noch ausstehendem Ergebnis des Rachenabstrichs auf SARS-CoV-2 wurde der Patient prophylaktisch isoliert. Bei Verdacht auf eine mögliche bakteriell-superinfizierte Pneumonie wurde eine intravenöse antibiotische Therapie mit Ampicillin/Sulbactam eingeleitet, welche nach 3 Tagen bei fehlenden Hinweisen auf bakterielle Erreger beendet wurde. Nach Diagnosesicherung erfolgte bei bereits eingetretener klinischer Rekonvaleszenz keine antivirale Therapie. Der Patient wurde 17 Tage nach initialem Symptombeginn ohne weitere Quarantäne-Auflagen nach Hause entlassen.
Folgerung Die Kasuistik beschreibt einen Fall von COVID-19, bei dem trotz typischer klinischer Symptomatik sowie typischen radiologischen und laborchemischen Befunden ein Virusnachweis in mehrfach korrekt durchgeführten tiefen Rachenabstrichen nicht möglich war. Erst eine Sputum-Analyse erbrachte den Nachweis der viralen RNA und sicherte die Diagnose. Bei begründetem klinischem Verdacht auf COVID-19 sollte daher bei negativen Rachenabstrichen zum sicheren Ausschluss eine Analyse von tiefen Atemwegssekreten (Sputum, bronchoalveoläre Lavage, Trachealsekret) oder Stuhl erfolgen.
Mapping the Entire Record—An Alternative Approach to Data Access from Medical Logic Modules
Authors: Kraus Stefan , Toddenroth Dennis , Staudigel Martin , Rödle Wolfgang , Unberath Philipp , Griebel Lena , Prokosch Hans-Ulrich , Mate Sebastian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to describe an alternative approach for accessing electronic medical records (EMRs) from clinical decision support (CDS) functions based on Arden Syntax Medical Logic Modules, which can be paraphrased as “map the entire record.”
Methods Based on an experimental Arden Syntax processor, we implemented a method to transform patient data from a commercial patient data management system (PDMS) to tree-structured documents termed CDS EMRs. They are encoded in a specific XML format that can be directly transformed to Arden Syntax data types by a mapper natively integrated into the processor. The internal structure of a CDS EMR reflects the tabbed view of an EMR in the graphical user interface of the PDMS.
Results The study resulted in an architecture that provides CDS EMRs in the form of a network service. The approach enables uniform data access from all Medical Logic Modules and requires no mapping parameters except a case number. Measurements within a CDS EMR can be addressed with straightforward path expressions. The approach is in routine use at a German university hospital for more than 2 years.
Conclusion This practical approach facilitates the use of CDS functions in the clinical routine at our local hospital. It is transferrable to standard-compliant Arden Syntax processors with moderate effort. Its comprehensibility can also facilitate teaching and development. Moreover, it may lower the entry barrier for the application of the Arden Syntax standard and could therefore promote its dissemination.
Using data science to understand the film industry’s gender gap
Authors: Kagan Dima , Chesney Thomas , Fire Michael 
Published: May 2020

AbstractData science can offer answers to a wide range of social science questions. Here we turn attention to the portrayal of women in movies, an industry that has a significant influence on society, impacting such aspects of life as self-esteem and career choice. To this end, we fused data from the online movie database IMDb with a dataset of movie dialogue subtitles to create the largest available corpus of movie social networks (15,540 networks). Analyzing this data, we investigated gender bias in on-screen female characters over the past century. We find a trend of improvement in all aspects of women‘s roles in movies, including a constant rise in the centrality of female characters. There has also been an increase in the number of movies that pass the well-known Bechdel test, a popular—albeit flawed—measure of women in fiction. Here we propose a new and better alternative to this test for evaluating female roles in movies. Our study introduces fresh data, an open-code framework, and novel techniques that present new opportunities in the research and analysis of movies.