bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eye to the Future in Adenomyosis Research
Authors: Halvorson Lisa M. , Giudice Linda C. , Stewart Elizabeth A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAdenomyosis is a poorly understood and clinically underappreciated gynecologic disorder associated with substantial morbidity including dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, heavy menstrual bleeding, infertility, and poor pregnancy outcomes. Substantial gaps persist in our understanding of essentially all aspects of this disorder – epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. In this article, we summarize current thoughts on future directions in basic, translational, and clinical adenomyosis research.
Inhibition of GCK-IV kinases dissociates cell death and axon regeneration in CNS neurons
Authors: Patel Amit K. , Broyer Risa M. , Lee Cassidy D. , Lu Tianlun , Louie Mikaela J. , La Torre Anna , Al-Ali Hassan , Vu Mai T. , Mitchell Katherine L. , Wahlin Karl J. , Berlinicke Cynthia A. , Jaskula-Ranga Vinod , Hu Yang , Duan Xin , Vilar Santiago , Bixby John L. , Weinreb Robert N. , Lemmon Vance P. , Zack Donald J. , Welsbie Derek S. 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Axonal injury plays a major role in many neurodegenerative diseases. The dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK) signaling pathway is a key regulator of axonal injury-induced neuronal cell death; however, DLK also has an important role in promoting axonal outgrowth. Therefore, inhibiting DLK as a therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases is limited to a neuroprotective outcome without axon regeneration, prohibiting restoration of function. In fact, there are currently no strategies that provide long-term neuroprotection and axonal regeneration after injury. Here, we identified the germinal cell kinase four (GCK-IV) family of kinases as targets to maximize neuroprotection while promoting axon regeneration, making it an attractive therapeutic approach for a subset of neurodegenerative diseases.
Adipocytes promote breast tumorigenesis through TAZ-dependent secretion of Resistin
Authors: Gao Yuhao , Chen Xiaosong , He Qing , Gimple Ryan C. , Liao Yajin , Wang Liang , Wu Rong , Xie Qi , Rich Jeremy N. , Shen Kunwei , Yuan Zengqiang 
Published: December 2020

SignificanceAdipocytes are the most abundant and perhaps most active components of the tumor microenvironment in obese individuals that potentiate breast tumorigenesis through secretory mechanisms. The modulation of adipocytes can be novel therapy targets for breast cancer. Here, we revealed a specific upregulation of adipocytic TAZ through the FFA/PPARγ axis in diet-induced adiposity. Adipocytic TAZ knockdown or deficiency in mice inhibits adipocyte-induced breast cancer proliferation and stemness through impaired expression and secretion of Resistin. Immunostaining in triple-negative breast cancer samples showed that higher adipocytic TAZ/Resistin expression associates with higher clinical stages and poorer survival, demonstrating promising therapeutic targets.
Widespread occurrence of the droplet state of proteins in the human proteome
Authors: Hardenberg Maarten , Horvath Attila , Ambrus Viktor , Fuxreiter Monika , Vendruscolo Michele 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Liquid–liquid phase separation of proteins results in biomolecular condensates, which contribute to the organization of cellular matter into membraneless organelles. It is still unclear, however, whether these condensates represent a common state of proteins. Here, based on biophysical principles driving phase separation, we report a proteome-wide ranking of proteins according to their propensity to condensate into a droplet state. We analyze two mechanisms for droplet formation—driver proteins can spontaneously phase separate, while client proteins require additional components. We conclude that the droplet state, as the native and amyloid states, is a fundamental state of proteins, with most proteins expected to be capable of undergoing liquid–liquid phase separation via either of these two mechanisms.
Structure, self-assembly, and properties of a truncated reflectin variant
Authors: Umerani Mehran J. , Pratakshya Preeta , Chatterjee Atrouli , Cerna Sanchez Juana A. , Kim Ho Shin , Ilc Gregor , Kovačič Matic , Magnan Christophe , Marmiroli Benedetta , Sartori Barbara , Kwansa Albert L. , Orins Helen , Bartlett Andrew W. , Leung Erica M. , Feng Zhijing , Naughton Kyle L. , Norton-Baker Brenna , Phan Long , Long James , Allevato Alex , Leal-Cruz Jessica E. , Lin Qiyin , Baldi Pierre , Bernstorff Sigrid , Plavec Janez , Yingling Yaroslava G. , Gorodetsky Alon A. 
Published: December 2020

Significance
The investigation of protein-based materials has provided a better understanding of living systems and has led to the development of ubiquitous modern technologies. Within this context, unique cephalopod proteins called reflectins have exhibited promise for biophotonics and bioelectronics applications, but the exploration of reflectins as materials has been hindered by an incomplete understanding of their structures and properties. Here, we resolve the molecular-level structure of a model reflectin variant, establish a straightforward approach to controlling the assembly of this protein, and describe a correlation between its structural characteristics and light-manipulating properties. Taken together, our findings advance current understanding of reflectin-based materials, provide insight into the color-changing capabilities of cephalopods, and afford new opportunities in biochemistry, cellular biology, bioengineering, and optics.
A hydromorphic reevaluation of the forgotten river civilizations of Central Asia
Authors: Toonen Willem H. J. , Macklin Mark G. , Dawkes Giles , Durcan Julie A. , Leman Max , Nikolayev Yevgeniy , Yegorov Alexandr 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Our paper challenges the long-held view that the fall of Central Asia’s river civilizations was determined by warfare and the destruction of irrigation infrastructure during the Mongol invasion. An integration of radiometric dating of long-term river dynamics in the region with irrigation canal abandonment shows that periods of cultural decline correlate with drier conditions during multicentennial length periods when the North Atlantic Oscillation had mostly positive index values. There is no evidence that large-scale destruction of irrigation systems occurred during the Arab or Mongol invasion specifically. A more nuanced interpretation identifies chronic environmental challenges to floodwater farming over the last two millennia, punctuated by multicentennial-length periods with favorable hydromorphic and hydroclimatological conditions that enabled irrigation agriculturists to flourish.
Actin-ring segment switching drives nonadhesive gap closure
Authors: Wei Qiong , Shi Xuechen , Zhao Tiankai , Cai Pingqiang , Chen Tianwu , Zhang Yao , Huang Changjin , Yang Jian , Chen Xiaodong , Zhang Sulin 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Gap closure to eliminate physical discontinuities and restore tissue integrity is a fundamental process in normal development and repair of damaged tissues and organs. Here, we report a previously unexplored gap-closure mechanism by which cell proliferation, collective cell migration, large-scale intercellular actin-network remodeling, and purse-string contraction act in a highly coordinated manner to restore the gap. In distinct contrast to the classical purse-string contraction mechanism, this mechanism involves intercellular switching of actin-cable segments at the gap front, which effectively empowers the actin cable for gap closure. Our study highlights the principles of wound healing driven by the close reciprocity between mechanics and cellular remodeling and might inspire mechanobiological intervention strategies for embryogenesis, tissue repair, antimetastasis, and plastic surgery.
Divergence of Arctic shrub growth associated with sea ice decline
Authors: Buchwal Agata , Sullivan Patrick F. , Macias-Fauria Marc , Post Eric , Myers-Smith Isla H. , Stroeve Julienne C. , Blok Daan , Tape Ken D. , Forbes Bruce C. , Ropars Pascale , Lévesque Esther , Elberling Bo , Angers-Blondin Sandra , Boyle Joseph S. , Boudreau Stéphane , Boulanger-Lapointe Noémie , Gamm Cassandra , Hallinger Martin , Rachlewicz Grzegorz , Young Amanda , Zetterberg Pentti , Welker Jeffrey M. 
Published: December 2020

Significance
Two defining features of climate change in the Arctic are the rapid decline of sea ice and “shrubification” of the tundra. While previous studies have inferred warming-related linkages between the two, these have been limited to a few locations. Our Pan-Arctic analysis of shrub growth chronologies reveals two important insights. Tundra shrub growth dynamics are associated with sea ice decline throughout the Arctic; however, while shrubs from most locations increased their growth, more than one-third showed evidence of declining growth in response to warming and drying associated with sea ice loss. These results highlight pronounced growth response heterogeneity across the tundra biome that will have important implications for tundra productivity and vegetation–climate feedback.
Similarity in functional brain connectivity at rest predicts interpersonal closeness in the social network of an entire village
Authors: Hyon Ryan , Youm Yoosik , Kim Junsol , Chey Jeanyung , Kwak Seyul , Parkinson Carolyn 
Published: December 2020

Significance
In what ways are we similar to our friends? Here, we characterized the social network of residents of a remote village, a subset of whom contributed personality and neuroimaging data. We demonstrate that similarity in individuals’ resting-state functional connectomes predicts individuals’ proximity in their real-world social network, even when controlling for demographic characteristics and self-reported personality traits. Our results suggest that patterns of functional brain activity during rest encode latent similarities (e.g., in terms of how people think and behave) that are associated with friendship. Taken together, integrating neuroimaging and social network analysis can offer novel insights into how the brain shapes or is shaped by the social networks that it inhabits.
Disturbed glucose and pyruvate metabolism in glaucoma with neuroprotection by pyruvate or rapamycin
Authors: Harder Jeffrey M. , Guymer Chelsea , Wood John P. M. , Daskalaki Evangelia , Chidlow Glyn , Zhang Chi , Balasubramanian Revathi , Cardozo Brynn H. , Foxworth Nicole E. , Deering Kelly E. , Ouellette Tionna B. , Montgomery Christa , Wheelock Craig E. , Casson Robert J. , Williams Pete A. , John Simon W. M. 
Published: December 2020

SignificanceAge-related bioenergetic insufficiency increases the vulnerability of retinal ganglion cells to intraocular pressure during glaucoma pathogenesis. This paper addresses these relationships and provides a deeper understanding of this common neurodegeneration. We demonstrate an intraocular pressure-dependent decline in retinal pyruvate levels coupled to dysregulated glucose metabolism, and detected mTOR activation at the mechanistic nexus of neurodegeneration and metabolism. Supporting this, oral supplementation of pyruvate or mTOR inhibition by rapamycin strongly protects from neurodegeneration. Bioenergetic enhancement thus provides a readily clinically translatable strategy for neurodegenerative disease. This study provides important avenues for neuroprotection against glaucoma by targeting key metabolic pathways that may be mirrored in other neurodegenerative diseases in which metabolic dysregulation may play a key role.
Typology of coding patterns and frequency effects of antipassives
Authors: Seržant Ilja A. , Janic Katarzyna Maria , Dermaku Darja , Ben Dror Oneg 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFrequency asymmetries within a minimal grammatical domain create offline associations that languages tend to exploit for a more efficient encoding. We explore cross-linguistic coding patterns of antipassives. We first argue that antipassive markers tend to have properties of derivational markers. Secondly, we show that antipassives are considerably rarer than the basic transitive constructions. The lower frequency correlates with the length of coding: antipassives tend to be coded with longer forms than basic transitive verbs. Thirdly, we explore frequency associations of different lexical input types and find that it is the rare input types that tend to select the antipassive, if the marking is differential, while the frequent ones correlate with the unmarked verb (A-lability). We, furthermore, show that the rarer argument types and argument scenarios correlate stronger with antipassives than the more frequent argument types and scenarios.
Molecular ecology of plant-microbial interactions during invasions: progress and challenges.
Authors: le Roux Johannes J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Microbes are omnipresent, yet their interactions with invasive plants remain understudied. This is surprising, given the importance of microbes in plant community ecology and their influence on plant performance in new environments. Recent advances in molecular genetic approaches have opened the door to studying this unseen majority in great detail and to understand how they fit into ecological interaction networks. Molecular approaches allow rapid assessments of microbial diversity at reasonable cost while providing both taxonomic and evolutionary information. Here I discuss how these approaches have contributed to a better understanding of plant-microbial interactions in the context of biological invasions. By drawing insights from various case studies, I illustrate how next-generation sequencing (DNA barcoding) has revolutionized the way we understand such interactions. Tight-knit and coevolved mutualist (e.g. mycorrhizal) and antagonist (e.g. pathogen) interactions appear particularly promising to understand the structure and function of invasive plant-microbial interaction networks, the impacts of invasive plants on native networks and the vulnerability of native networks to infiltration by non-native species. I also discuss novel ways in which molecular data can aid the study of invasive plant-microbial interactions, such as incorporating phylogenetic data into network analyses to better understand the role of evolutionary history in network dynamics and how such dynamics respond to plant invasions. DNA barcoding of microbes also presents unique challenges to the study of network ecology, such as uncertainty in the legitimacy and efficiency of interactions. Future research should incorporate overall plant-associated microbial communities (microbiomes) into interaction networks to better understand the role microbes play during plant invasions.
Understanding the interaction in functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube/polyaniline composite by impedance study at low temperature
Authors: Maity Krishna Prasad , Patra Ananya , Prasad V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The impedance, modulus spectroscopy and dielectric properties of polyaniline (PANI) and composite with multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) of different degrees of functionalization are studied from 300 to 4.2 K in the frequency range 40 Hz–5 MHz. At low temperature (T

⩽

100 K), grain and grain boundary relaxation peaks are observed in PANI. In composites, MWCNT forms a network between less and highly conducting grains, increases dc conductivity, and shows no relaxation peak at low temperature. The chemical functionalization of MWCNT increases the polar interaction between MWCNT and PANI, shifts the relaxation peaks towards lower frequency and slows the relaxation process. The relaxation process is manifested as non-Debye type and it tends towards Debye type with increasing temperature in functionalized muti-walled carbon nanotube (fMWCNT) PANI composites, and explained by Bergman’s theory. The relaxation barrier energy at the interface of fMWCNT and PANI increases with increasing degree of functionalization which is the effect of enhanced interfacial (Maxwell Wagner–Sillars) polarization. In MWCNT composite, the real part of dielectric constant shows high negative value below 10 K at lower frequency (

<

950 Hz) and it becomes positive due to functionalization of MWCNT. An additional crossover from positive to negative occurs in both MWCNT and fMWCNT, PANI composite above temperature 60 K and frequency 500 Hz. This crossover shifts towards higher temperature and frequency with increasing degree of functionalization. The negative value and crossover of dielectric constant are explained by Drude–Sommerfeld model.
A comparative study of electrochemical cells for in situ x-ray spectroscopies in the soft and tender x-ray range
Authors: Velasco-Vélez Juan-Jesús , Falling Lorenz J , Bernsmeier Denis , Sear Michael J , Clark Pip C J , Chan Ting-Shan , Stotz Eugen , Hävecker Michael , Kraehnert Ralph , Knop-Gericke Axel , Chuang Cheng-Hao , Starr David E , Favaro Marco , Mom Rik V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

In situ x-ray spectroscopies offer a powerful way to understand the electronic structure of the electrode–electrolyte interface under operating conditions. However, most x-ray techniques require vacuum, making it necessary to design spectro-electrochemical cells with a delicate interface to the wet electrochemical environment. The design of the cell often dictates what measurements can be done and which electrochemical processes can be studied. Hence, it is important to pick the right spectro-electrochemical cell for the process of interest. To facilitate this choice, and to highlight the challenges in cell design, we critically review four recent, successful cell designs. Using several case studies, we investigate the opportunities and limitations that arise in practical experiments.
Lateral photovoltaic effect based on novel materials and external modulations
Authors: Qiao Shuang , Liang Baolai , Liu Jihong , Fu Guangsheng , Wang Shufang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
With the development of nanoengineering and nanotechnology, numerous emerging materials and constructions are being presented in optoelectronics to challenge traditional photoelectric effects and detecting techniques, and are inspiring innovation and growth in photoelectric research fields. Recently, due to its unique working mechanism, the lateral photovoltaic effect (LPE) has been identified as an indispensable and effective method of studying the properties of novel materials and also shows promising application in position sensors and photodetection. This article will present a comprehensive review of the recent progress on the LPE in novel materials, including metal nanomaterials, oxide semiconductors, organic semiconductors, two-dimensional layered materials, and perovskites. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the LPE is also very sensitive to different constructions or external modulations and can be substantially tuned by changing the structure or morphology of materials, adding external fields, and utilizing plasmon resonance. This summary may provide a comprehensive picture regarding the recent achievements of the LPE in novel materials and external modulations. Finally, we also present a discussion of the challenges and potential trends of the LPE in the near future.
Operando attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy for water splitting
Authors: Bieberle-Hütter A , Bronneberg A C , George K , van de Sanden M C M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Operando attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is discussed in this paper for water splitting application. The first part of the paper focuses on the discussion of the opportunities and challenges of this method for the characterization of the solid-liquid interface in water splitting. The second part of the paper focuses on recent results and future perspectives. We present stable and robust operando ATR-FTIR measurements using low temperature processing of hematite and a set-up where the functional thin film is integrated on the ATR crystal. We find increased absorbance as a function of applied potential at wavenumber values of 1000 cm−1–900 cm−1 and relate this to changes in the surface species during water oxidation. We argue that this approach has the potential to be developed to a routine method for the characterization of interfaces in water splitting. Such ATR-FTIR data is of crucial importance for the validation of models in microkinetic modeling. We show some recent results of microkinetic modeling of the hematite–electrolyte interface and explain how a combination of operando ATR-FTIR measurements and microkinetic modeling enables the identification of the reaction mechanism in water splitting. We discuss how this combined approach will enable designing of tailored catalysts and accelerating their development in the future.
Global phase diagram of Coulomb-interacting anisotropic Weyl semimetal with disorder
Authors: Wang Jing-Rong , Li Wei , Wang Gang , Zhang Chang-Jin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Taking into account the interplay between the disorder and Coulomb interaction, the phase diagram of three-dimensional anisotropic Weyl semimetal is studied by renormalization group (RG) theory. Weak disorder is irrelevant in anisotropic Weyl semimetal, while the disorder becomes relevant and drives a quantum phase transition (QPT) from semimetal to compressible diffusive metal (CDM) phases if the disorder strength is larger than a critical value. The long-range Coulomb interaction is irrelevant in clean anisotropic Weyl semimetal. However, interestingly, we find that the long-range Coulomb interaction exerts a dramatic influence on the critical disorder strength for phase transition to CDM. Specifically, the critical disorder strength can receive a prominent change even though an arbitrarily weak Coulomb interaction is included. This novel behavior is closely related to the anisotropic screening effect of Coulomb interaction, and essentially results from the specifical energy dispersion of the fermion excitations in anisotropic Weyl semimetal. The theoretical results are helpful for understanding the physical properties of the candidates of anisotropic Weyl semimetal, such as pressured BiTeI, and some other related materials.
Study of a measurement system and a method for determining the distance between the grooves of a hydraulic valve
Authors: Huang Shilei , Long Wei , Gan Fangji , Li Ying , Li Wenyang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Hydraulic valves are critical control components of hydraulic systems. To ensure hydraulic control systems are accurate, the distance between the grooves of hydraulic valves should be measured. This distance critically impacts how much oil is fed. In previous measurements, a coordinate-measuring machine or a universal tool microscope were applied. However, these two methods exhibited low measuring precision in terms of center eccentricity, incorrect initial position, boresight error, etc. In the present study, a high-precision non-contact automatic instrument is developed that solves chord length and uses a machine-vision technique to determine distance. Besides, an angle-compensation method is proposed to remedy the boresight error attributed to motion control in a closed-loop system. Moreover, an eccentricity-correction method is put forward to correct the angular error attributed to the eccentricity of the measurement system, enhancing measurement precision. As revealed by the experimental results, the maximum limit error of a single measurement is less than 3.3 μ

m

, verifying the feasibility of the novel instrument.