bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inclusive Education: The Forms of Violation of Children’s Rights and School Dropouts in the Kadey Division: East Region of Cameroon
Authors: Ndjouma Wedjou Maurice 
Published: April 2020

Article 8 of the African Aspirations for 2063 stipulates that the African people are confident that their countries have the ability and competence to realize or accomplish their full potential in development, culture, and peace. The vast majority of countries in Africa have worked toward establishing flourishing, inclusive, successful and prosperous societies by eradicating any forms of violation of children’s rights (African Union Commission, 2015). Nevertheless, violation of children’s rights remains present in most developing countries including the country of Cameroon. This research aims to explore the forms of violation of children’s rights having a dramatic incident in school attendance in the Kadey Division of Cameroon, East Region of Cameroon. This research work is inductive, values bias and uses the grounded theory of the qualitative method approach. 15 participants have been selected from 3 major focused groups of different stakeholders in the Kadey Division, East Region of Cameroon. The theoretical saturation code was used to explain the relevance of the sample size. Data were examined using the open, axial, and selective coding processes. The results were tested for internal and external validity based on credibility, dependability, conformability, and transferability consideration. The philosophical focused on subjectivism ontology and interpretivism perspective. The study is an investigative case study model. The study showed that the forms of violation of children’s rights in the Kadey division include the recruitment and use of children, the denial of humanitarian access, the sexual violence against children and the killing and hurting of children. This study encourages school leaders in the Kadey Division to acknowledge that schools are not meant to function apart from the local community. Promoting strong collaborative work ethics between the major educational stakeholders may help prevent and reduce violence against children within and outside the school milieu and therefore duplicate school attendance. (UNICEF Regional Office for South Asia, 2016).
Using Cooperative Learning Model to Enhance Academic Performance of Teacher Trainees in Some Selected Topics in Integrated Science at Saint Monica’s College Of Education
Authors: Amoako Stephen Kwame , Baah Kennedy Ameyaw , Kamaayi Fidelis , Dapaah Samuel Sylvester , Agyei Charles Amoah 
Published: April 2020

The study sought to investigate the effects of using cooperative learning on female teacher trainees of the Colleges of Education in learning some selected topics in Integrated Science. The investigation also sought to determine whether the Cooperative Learning Approach enhances the attitude and motivation of the trainees towards learning of Integrated Science. The study was carried out at the St. Monica’s College of Education in the Mampong Municipality of the Ashanti Region. In all, 80 teacher trainees consisting of 40 each from control and experimental groups were purposively sampled to participate in the study. The teacher trainees in the experimental group were exposed to the Cooperative Learning Approach and the trainees in the control group were lectured during the period of the study. The results of the study showed that the cooperative learning strategy was very relevant and beneficial in helping the teacher trainees of the St. Monica’s College of Education to improve on their performance in, and attitudes towards, the teaching and learning of Integrated Science. It was therefore recommended among other things that the science teachers should endeavour to integrate cooperative learning into their routine methods of instruction in the teaching and learning of Integrated Science.
Keywords: cooperative learning approach, purposive sampling, experimental group, college of education, motivation
Teachers’ Workload and Class Size as Correlate of Students’ Academic Performance in Selected Secondary Schools in Singida Urban
Authors: Tarimo Valentine Mathias , Bahati David , Labito Ramadhani Abedi 
Published: April 2020

The study sought to establish the relationship between teachers’ workload, class size and students’ academic performance from five selected secondary schools in Singida urban. The study was guided by three objectives and three research hypotheses. The study employed correlational cross-sectional design. A sample size of two hundred nighty four respondents was randomly chosen from five secondary schools. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information from respondents. The collected data were analysed by Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) using Karl Pearson’s Linear Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Regression Analysis to assess the correlation between teachers’ workload and class size and students’ academic performance. The study results indicated that, there was no significant relationship between teachers’ workload and students’ academic performance in surveying secondary schools in Singida Urban at the five percent level of significance. Further, the findings show that class size was positively correlated with students’ academic performance in secondary schools in Singida urban. Also, there is a significant difference between teachers’ work load and class size in relation to students of academic performance in selected secondary schools in Singida urban. Based on the study findings, it is recommended that, emphasis should be directed at improving class size if teachers and education stakeholders in Singida urban have to increase students’ academic performance. The study concluded class size is found to be the best predictor of students’ academic performance in the surveyed secondary schools in Singida Urban.
Critical Care Nurses Competency Level on the Administration of Microinfusion Medication at Critical Care Unit Kenyatta National Hospital
Authors: Onwongá Isaac Nyabuto , Inyama Hannah , Rajula Eve Risper 
Published: April 2020

Background of the study: Most drugs given as Microinfusion require infusion pumps to administer. They are very potent with very narrow therapeutic index and any small changes on the process results in enormous effects to patients. The nursing profession has a duty to advocate for patients rights as well as do no harm. One of the core goals of nurses is medication administration; this puts nurses in the last line of defence against medication administration errors (MAEs). This study aimed to look into the roles played by nurse that hamper the efforts to reduce the Microinfusion MAEs on which minimal studies have been done.
Objective: This study determined the competency level influencing the administration of Microinfusion medication by critical care nurses at Kenyatta National Hospital’s (KNH) Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
Significance of study: Local data in the area of Microinfusion MAEs is not available, specifically KNH’s ICU. This study therefore sought to breech this gap and hopes to influence policy on management of critical patients, patient safety, environment, and curriculum development so as to reduce Microinfusion MAEs.
Methodology: This study used a descriptive cross-sectional study design, simple random sampling was used to pick 64 participants. Quantitative data was analyzed by both descriptive and inferential statistics, which included regression analysis. Descriptive statistics were presented by use of the mean, percentages and standard deviation. Chi-square was used to determine statistical significance of the differences in proportions and logistic regression was used to identify factors that lead to Medication administration errors. Necessary ethical approval was sought.
Results: The prevalence of MAEs was at 64.1% in the last six months, 65.6% 0f the respondents reported lack of supportive supervision, 37.5% of the respondents reported not to know mechanisms in place for reporting Microinfusion medication errors. This prevalence was of statistical significance when cross tabulated with critical care nurses competency level (p<0.05) on aspects such as; having prescription checks [95%CI= 0.000-17.9; p=0.008], working experience, type of medication error, checking weight of patients [p=0.019], reporting of the errors [95%CI = 0.1-0.8; p=0.019], documenting drug errors and monitoring patients after drug administration.
Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of Microinfusion administration errors in KNH-ICU is high. There is need to ensure that nurses are always equipped with adequate knowledge and experience in drug administration through trainings and mentorship programs as this will reduce medication errors and increase safety of patient in health facilities.
Laproscopic Management of Large Ovarian Cyst with Pregnancy: A Case Report
Authors: Darji Ankit 
Published: April 2020

Background: Before a pregnant woman's baby birth, the incidence of cyst is the most common. Due to availability of quality antenatal ultrasound, ovarian cysts in the pregnant woman are diagnosed more frequently. The large (>5 cm) and complex cysts are symptomatic and it required to be managed by surgical intervention. Cyst might rupture, twist, or even cause problems during childbirth.
Aims and objective: To bring relief to a primigravida with 16 weeks pregnancy after spontaneous conception, presented with complain of hugely distended abdomen with marked discomfort and to preserve her pregnancy.
Case Report:
Materials and Methods: A 26 year old pregnant woman with ovarian cyst was enrolled and treated through laparoscopic management.
Results: After the laparoscopic removal of cyst the post-operative period of the pregnant woman was found uneventful. The pregnancy of the woman was progressed smoothly and there was no any complications during the pregnancy. Full term normal delivery (FTNVD) was occurred and the baby was healthy with weight of approximately 2.55 Kgs.
Conclusion: Large ovarian cyst can be managed without disturbing the pregnancy and a complicated case can be transformed into a normal ante natal check-ups (ANC).
The Relationship Between Physical Activity Level and Exam Anxiety Level in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yalçın ümit 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Anxiety, depression and other mental problems are one of the important health problems on university campuses. The anxiety created by the exams in the students negatively affects the students' attitude and success towards the lessons. The studies carried out, the understanding the relationship between exercise, depression and anxiety, and positive results obtained were satisfying and also increased the value given to this issue. In our study, we examined the relationship between university students' physical activity level and exam anxiety.
Material-Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 175 volunteer university students who did and did not do sports. The International Physical Activity Assessment Questionnaire (IPAQ) Long Form was used to measure the level of physical activity and the Exam Anxiety Inventory to determine the level of anxiety.
Results: The rate of female patients was significantly higher in the inactive group than the minimally active and active group (p ˂ 0.05). In the inactive group, the test anxiety score was significantly higher (p ˂ 0.05) than the minimally active and active group.
Conclusion: As a result, our research revealed that the physical activity levels of university students are quite low, especially in female students, and there is a relationship between the level of physical activity and anxiety.
Role of Media in Policy Making: Special reference to Afghanistan
Authors: Mangal Farooq Jan 
Published: April 2020

Mass media (Radio, TV, print…) plays a crucial and vital role in information distribution and thus in the political market and public policy making. Theory predicts that information provided by mass media reflects the media’s incentives to provide news to different types of groups in society, and affects these groups’ influence in policy-making. The study emphasize on the role of mass media in political markets and its effect on public policy-making. It attempts to develop a theoretical relationship between mass media and public policy. The empirical studies have tried to assess the effect of media on policy outcomes.
Analysing various cases in Afghanistan, media influences policy makers and higher authorities to act in accordance of the suggestion and recommendations of media workers and institutions. In recent decades, policy makers have considered on media’s soft and proper demands based on their suggestions and recommendations, even many articles in Afghanistan’s constitution would be amended.
According to our findings, ‘Access to Information Law’, passed by president Ashraf Ghani, was a combine demand of policy makers, lawyers and media workers, who believed that legal information except the information that can harm national security should be accessible by locals and media workers through law. Similarly, Afghan Journalist safety committee developed a comprehensive policy against women Sexual harassment that will be discussed in the paper as a ‘Case Study’. Hence, the policy has been accepted by Government of Afghanistan and is implemented since then
IDENTIFICACIÓN CUALITATIVA DE METABOLITOS SECUNDARIOS Y DETERMINACIÓN DE LA CITOTOXICIDAD DE EXTRACTOS DE TEMPISQUE (Sideroxylum capiri PITTIER)/ QUALITATIVE IDENTIFICATION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES AND CYTOTOXICITY DETERMINATION OF TEMPISQUE EXTRACTS (Sid
Authors: Robles-García Miguel Angel , Aguilar Antonio J. , Gutiérrez-Lomelí Melesio , Rodríguez-Félix Francisco , Morales- Del-Río Juan Alfredo , Guerrero-Medina Pedro Javier , Madrigal-Pulido Jaime Alberto , Del-Toro-Sánchez Carmen Lizette 
Published: April 2020

Sideroxylon capiri (Tempisque) es un árbol cuyas hojas y frutos son comestibles usándose también como condimento en alimentos y para algunas enfermedades del riñón. Sin embargo, es una planta que no tiene un perfil de metabolitos secundarios reportado y se desconoce su citotoxicidad, siendo esto el objetivo de la presente investigación. A partir del extracto metanólico de S. capiri obtenido por percolación, se determinaron los metabolitos secundarios por pruebas cualitativas, así como su citotoxicidad utilizando Artemia salina. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos, se lograron identificar en los extractos de hoja de S. capiri, fenoles, flavonoides, esteroides y taninos. Sin embargo, no se encontraron saponinas, cumarinas y alcaloides. Además, según el ensayo realizado con A. salina, este extracto es prácticamente no tóxico. ABSTRACTSideroxylon capiri (Tempisque) is a tree which leaves and fruits are edible being used as a food condiment and to treat some kidney diseases. However, this plant does not have a secondary metabolites profile nor cytotoxicity reports, hence, this is the objective of the present research. From the S. capiri methanol extract obtained by percolation, secondary metabolites were determined by qualitative tests as well as cytotoxicity using Artemia salina. According to the results obtained from S. capiri leaves extract, phenols, flavonoids, steroids and tannins were present. However, saponins, cumarins and alkaloids were absent. Furthermore, this extract is practically nontoxic according to the A. salina test.
ESTIMACIÓN DEL GRADO DE MARMOLEO DE CANALES DE BOVINO SONORENSES UTILIZANDO DIFERENTES METODOLOGÍAS: ANÁLISIS DE IMAGEN, EVALUACIÓN USDA Y EXTRACCIÓN CON SOLVENTES
Authors: Torrescano-Urrutia Gastón R. , Sánchez-Escalante Armida , Vásquez-Palma Martín Gustavo , Varguez-Pech Antonio Francisco , Vargas-Sánchez Rey David , Pardo-Guzmán Dino A. 
Published: April 2020

El marmoleo y la edad son parámetros que determinan el grado de calidad de canales de bovino; sin embargo, la evaluación del grado de marmoleo se realiza visualmente, pudiendo carecer de exactitud si el evaluador no está perfectamente nentrenado, pudiendo provocar falta de precisión, por ello se ha hecho necesario crear sistemas objetivos para medir este parámetro. El objetivo de este trabajo fue cuantificar el marmoleo de canales de bovino utilizando la tecnología de análisis de imagen, y compararlo con el sistema de clasificación de USDA, y con el contenido de grasa obtenido por el método de extracción con solventes. Las imágenes de 70 canales de ganado criollo de bovino producidas en el estado de Sonora, fueron obtenidas entre la 12a y 13a costilla. Parala valoración de imágenes se utilizó el software del sistema de visión artificial eMeater; obteniéndose un coeficiente de correlación de 0.87 (p<0.05) con respecto a la clasificación de la USDA, y 0.86 (p<0.05) con respecto al método de extracción con solventes. La información obtenida sugiere que esta metodología es muy útil para medir el marmoleo en canales, haciéndola objetiva y sobre todo para eliminar el error generado cuando se realiza una evaluación subjetiva.
ESTADO DEL ARTE DEL CULTIVO DE TILAPIA ROJA EN LA MAYOR DE LAS ANTILLAS
Authors: Yuniel Méndez-Martínez Yuniel , Pérez-Tamames Yilian , Yeny Torres-Navarrete Yeny , Reyes-Pérez Juan José 
Published: April 2020

La búsqueda de formas de producción animal adecuadas ha sido tema de interés en diversos fórums en el cursar de los años. Destacándose el cultivo de la tilapia roja, la cual se ha convertido en uno de los peces más comercializados en el ámbito internacional. En el presente documento, se ofrece una visión general del cultivo de tilapia roja (Oreochromis mossambicus x O. niloticus) en la isla de Cuba, abordando aspectos de la nutrición y alimentación. El archipiélago cubano es un país que posee 110.860 kilómetros cuadrados entre aguas costeras y territoriales, lo cual lo convierte en un recurso potencial para el desarrollo y cultivo de la Tilapia, la cual se destaca por su período de crecimiento relativamente más corto en relación a otros peces y por presentar alta adaptabilidad a diferentes ambientes y fuentes de alimentación siendo uno de los peces más comercializados en el ámbito internacional debido a sus características biológicas, nutricionales y organolépticas.
COMPOSICIÓN Y ACTIVIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE DE EXTRACTOS DE CÁSCARA DE PAPA ESTERILIZADOS CON AUTOCLAVE E IRRADIACIÓN
Authors: Díaz Orduño Guadalupe Rafael , Madera Santana Tomás Jesus , Meléndez Amavizca Rodrigo , Felician Vega Alejandro , Sánchez Torreblanca José Nataniel , Sánchez Escalante Armida , Torrescano Urrutia Gastón Ramón 
Published: April 2020

Durante la industrialización de papa (Solanum tuberosum) se produce gran cantidad de desechos de cáscara que se contaminan, los cuales pudieran utilizarse como fuente de antioxidantes naturales, previa descontaminación. El objetivo fue estudiar la composición y propiedades antioxidantes de extractos de cáscara de papa (ECP) tratados con dos métodos de esterilización (autoclave e irradiación). Los extractos, obtenidos por maceración durante 48 h y con dos solventes (agua y etanol-agua 1:1), se esterilizaron en autoclave (121 °C/15 min) e irradiación gamma (2.5 kGy). Para determinar la efectividad de los métodos de esterilización se evaluó la carga microbiana. Posteriormente, los extractos se liofilizaron evaluándose contenido de fenoles totales y ácido clorogénico, además de actividad antioxidante (DPPH y ABTS). El uso de autoclave fue más efectivo, eliminando totalmente los microorganismos en ambos extractos, sin afectar el contenido de compuestos fenólicos, e inhibiendo (100 %) los radicales DPPH y ABTS; mientras que, el tratamiento por radiación sólo redujo 62 y 34 % de la carga microbiana en los extractos (etanol-agua 1:1 y agua, respectivamente), sin afectar actividad antioxidante y contenido de compuestos fenólicos. El uso de autoclave como método de descontaminación de ECP fue mejor a la irradiación gamma, sin afectar su composición y propiedades antioxidantes.
Elaboración de un abono orgánico tipo bocashi y su evaluación en la germinación y crecimiento del rábano//Elaboration of an organic fertilizer type bocashi and its evaluation on germination and growth of radish
Authors: Mendivil-Lugo Cecilia , Nava-Pérez Eusebio , Armenta-Bojórquez Adolfo Dagoberto , Ruelas-Ayala Rey David , Félix-Herrán Jaime Alberto 
Published: April 2020

El presente estudio consistió en elaborar el bocashi y evaluar su efecto en la germinación y desarrollo del rábano. Las mezclas de bocashi utilizadas fueron: aserrín-mangoplátano (BA), mango (BM) y tradicional (BT). Para la caracterización fisicoquímica se tomó 1 kg de cada bocashi. Para evaluar emergencia en semillas de rábano, se realizó ensayo en charolas de poliestireno con mezcla bocashi – peat moss (1:1 v/v), por triplicado. El Testigo fue suelo agrícola (A). Para evaluar el efecto en la calidad de planta, las plantas fueron trasplantadas a mesas organopónicas de madera, con mezcla bocashi – peat moss (1:1 v/v). El riego fue diario por un mes. A los 30 días del trasplante, se midió: la altura de la planta (cm), el número de hojas y la masa seca de la raíz (g). El tratamiento A promovió la mayor germinación en las semillas de rábano; en cuanto al desarrollo de la planta, el tratamiento A estimuló la altura y número de hojas en las plantas de rábano; sin embargo, el tratamiento BT favoreció la mayor acumulación de biomasa seca. Las plantas de rábano fertilizadas con bocashi presentaron mejor desarrollo que las germinadas en suelo agrícola.ABSTRACTThe present study consisted in the elaboration of a bocashi and the evaluation of its effects on germination and development of radish. The mixtures of bocashi were: saw dust-mangoose-banana (BA), mangoose (BM) and traditional (BT). For physicochemical characterization, 1 kg of each bocashi was taken. To evaluate emergence of radish seeds, an essay was realized in polystyrene trays with a mixture of bocashi – peat moss (1:1 v/v), in triplicate. The reference was agricultural soil (A). To evaluate the effect on plant quality, plants were transplanted to wooden organoponic tables, with a mixture of bocashi – peat moss (1:1 v/v). The irrigation was daily for a month. After thirty days of transplant, we measured: plant height (cm), number of leaves and root dry biomass (g). Treatment A promoted the higher germination of radish seeds; as to the plant development, treatment A stimulated the height and leaves number of radish plant; but nevertheless, treatment BT favored the greater accumulation of dry biomass. The radish plants fertilized with bocashi showed better development than those germinated in agricultural soil.