bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective evaluation of outpatient canine parvovirus treatment in a shelter‐based low‐cost urban clinic
Authors: Perley Kimberly , Burns Charlotte C. , Maguire Caroline , Shen Virginia , Joffe EmmaRose , Stefanovski Darko , Redding Laurel , Germanis Lisa , Drobatz Kenneth J. , Watson Brittany 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate survival and associated risk factors when utilizing an outpatient treatment protocol for treatment of canine parvovirus (CPV) performed in a shelter‐based low‐cost urban clinic.DesignRetrospective study.SettingPennsylvania Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.AnimalsNinety‐five CPV positive dogs presented between June 1 and July 31, 2016. Owners elected for outpatient care when inpatient care was not financially feasible and the dog was considered medically stable for outpatient care.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsOf the 95 CPV positive dogs, 79 (83%) survived treatment. Logistic regression indicated that an increasing number of days with clinical signs prior to treatment and an increase in percent body weight during treatment were significantly associated with survival (odds ratio [OR], 3.15,P = 0.020; and OR, 1.29,P = 0.027, respectively). Hypothermia upon presentation (T < 37℃) was negatively associated with survival (OR, 0.002;P = 0.002).Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThe survival rate of this clinic suggests that an outpatient program may be a potential alternative treatment to inpatient care. Longer duration of clinical signs prior to treatment and an increase in percent body weight during treatment appear to be associated with increased survival outcomes, while hypothermia on presentation appears to be associated with decreased survival outcomes.
¡No creo en lo que dicen! Pero defenderé su derecho a decirlo. Una reflexión sobre la importancia constitucional y para los derechos humanos de la libertad de expresión
Authors: Chaux Donado Francisco José 
Published: February 2020

La libertad de expresión es uno de derechos más importantes y un elemento estructural de la moderna democracia constitucional. A través de él, se protege y garantiza el intercambio de ideas, la deliberación política y la generación de consensos para la vida en sociedad. Se trata de la garantía de poder formular nuestros propios argumentos, de decir lo que pensamos y de gozar de libertad para dar opiniones y comunicarlas. Todos los medios de comunicación, se reducirían a un simple instrumento de propaganda sin la libertad de expresión. Incluso, una multiplicidad de derechos se reduciría a la nada, sin la posibilidad de un dialogo libre, sincero y autónomo. Este artículo es un intento por exponer la calidad fundamental de la libertad de expresión para el derecho constitucional occidental y para el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos. La parte inicial se encarga del fundamento e importancia de la libertad de expresión, para luego exponer sus efectos prácticos, finalmente, se plantea una conclusión donde se postula que al ser la libertad de expresión un derecho humano, esta debe entenderse siguiendo el método de interpretación moral.
Control-Oriented Physics-Based NOX Emission Model for a Diesel Engine With Exhaust Gas Recirculation
Authors: Duraiarasan Saravanan , Salehi Rasoul , Stefanopoulou Anna , Mahesh Siddharth , Allain Marc 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Stringent NOX emission norm for heavy duty vehicles motivates the use of predictive models to reduce emissions of diesel engines by coordinating engine parameters and aftertreatment. In this paper, a physics-based control-oriented NOX model is presented to estimate the feedgas NOX for a diesel engine. This cycle-averaged NOX model is able to capture the impact of all major diesel engine control variables including the fuel injection timing, injection pressure, and injection rate, as well as the effect of cylinder charge dilution and intake pressure on the emissions. The impact of the cylinder charge dilution controlled by the engine exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in the highly diluted diesel engine of this work is modeled using an adiabatic flame temperature predictor. The model structure is developed such that it can be embedded in an engine control unit without any need for an in-cylinder pressure sensor. In addition, details of this physics-based NOX model are presented along with a step-by-step model parameter identification procedure and experimental validation at both steady-state and transient conditions. Over a complete federal test procedure (FTP) cycle, on a cumulative basis the model prediction was more than 93% accurate.
Numerical Investigation on the Effect of Rotation and Holes Arrangement in Cold Bridge-Type Impingement Cooling Systems
Authors: Paccati Simone , Cocchi Lorenzo , Mazzei Lorenzo , Andreini Antonio 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis work presents the results of a numerical analysis performed on a gas turbine leading edge cooling system. The investigation was carried out in order to provide a detailed interpretation of the outcomes of a parallel experimental campaign. The cooling geometry consists of a cold bridge-type impingement system: a radial channel feeds an array of holes, which in turn generate impingement jets cooling down the inner side of the leading edge surface. Coolant is extracted by five rows of holes, replicating film cooling and showerhead systems. Two impingement geometries were considered, presenting different holes arrangements and diameters but sharing the same overall passage area, in order to highlight the effect of different coolant distributions inside the leading edge cavity.For both geometries, a single test point was investigated in static and rotating conditions, with an equivalent slot Reynolds number of around 8200 and feeding conditions corresponding to the midspan radial section of the blade. Both steady Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) approach and scale adaptive simulation (SAS) were tested. Due to the strong unsteadiness of the flow field, the latter proved to be superior: as a consequence, the SAS approach was adopted to study every case. A fairly good agreement was observed between the measured and computed heat transfer distributions, which allowed to exploit the numerical results to get a detailed description of the phenomena associated with the different cases. Results reveal that the two holes arrangements lead to strongly different heat transfer patterns, related to the specific flow phenomena occurring inside the leading edge cavity and to the mutual influence of the various system features. Rotational effects also appear to interact with the supply condition, altering the jet lateral spreading and the overall heat transfer performance.
Pressure Transient Analysis for a Finite-Conductivity Fractured Vertical Well Near a Leaky Fault in Anisotropic Linear Composite Reservoirs
Authors: Ren Junjie , Gao Yangyang , Zheng Qiao , Wang Delong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Geologic discontinuities usually exist in subsurface permeable formations, where multiple reservoir regions with distinct properties are separated by linear leaky faults. This kind of heterogeneous reservoir is usually called a linear composite reservoir. Although many analytical/semi-analytical linear composite models have been established to investigate the pressure behavior for linear composite reservoirs, almost all of these models were aimed at vertical wells without hydraulic fracturing and there are few analytical/semi-analytical models of fractured vertical wells in linear composite reservoirs. This paper first derives the Laplace-space point source solution for anisotropic linear composite systems separated by a partially communicating fault. Then, superposition principle and fracture discrete scheme are employed to acquire the semi-analytical solution for finite-conductivity fractured vertical (FCFV) wells in anisotropic linear composite reservoirs with a fault. The proposed solution is validated against numerical solutions under different reservoir scenarios. The characteristic of the pressure behavior for an FCFV well in anisotropic linear composite reservoirs with a fault is discussed in detail. The proposed model can be employed to obtain accurate pressure response with high computational efficiency. It is a good start to further develop analytical/semi-analytical models for other complex well types in an anisotropic linear composite reservoir with a fault.
Process Failure Detection via Recurrence Quantification Analysis in a Slot-Rectangular Spouted Bed
Authors: Rowan Steven L. , Breault Ronald W. , Weber Justin M. , Soundarrajan Narasimhan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A study was conducted to explore the applicability of recurrence and recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) to the detection of process failures in spouted bed reactor systems. Three different potential failure modes were examined in a transparent, cold flow slot-rectangular spouted bed. These being, a simulated air leak from a side wall of the reactor, a simulated gas leak from the top wall of the reactor, and simulated agglomeration of solids via introduction of larger “klinker” particles. Bed pressure drop time history data were collected and analyzed via generation of recurrence plots (RPs) and RQA parameters. In general, the simulated agglomeration case was quite easily detected via ever RQA Parameter examined, whereas the simulated air leaks were detected by only a single RQA parameter.
Improving urinary catheterisation practices in a rural hospital in Ontario
Authors: Gazarin Mohamed , Ingram-Crooks Jennifer , Hafizi Fatima , Hall Lynn , Weekes Kirsti , Casselman Cindy , Burnett Sean , Lennard Mikyla , Pinches Amanda , Tse Darren 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionA urinary catheter constitutes a one-point patient restraint, can induce deconditioning and may lead to patient mortality. An audit performed at Winchester District Memorial Hospital revealed that 20% of patients had a urinary catheter, of whom 31% did not meet the criteria for catheterisation. The main objective of this study was to use the Influencer Change Model and the Choosing Wisely Canada toolkit to create a bundle of interventions that would reduce the unnecessary use of urinary catheters in hospitalised patients.MethodsIn a rural teaching hospital, a time-series quasi-experiment was employed to decrease inappropriate use of urinary catheters. Both the Choosing Wisely Canada toolkit for appropriate use of urinary catheters and the Influencer change management approach were used to create effective interventions.ResultsThis study revealed that there was no improvement in appropriate urinary catheter use during Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycle 1. There was gradual improvement during PDSA cycle 2, with the percentage of inappropriate urinary catheter use dropping from an initial 31% before any interventions to less than 5% by the end of this study.Discussion/conclusionThis study aimed to reduce the inappropriate use of urinary catheters in a rural hospital with limited resources. The findings indicate that by using a change model, such as the Influencer Change Model, it is possible to promote better patient care through empowering healthcare staff to implement accepted protocols more stringently and thereby to decrease the inappropriate use of urinary catheters to 0%.
Systematic review of methods used to assess exposure to pesticides in occupational epidemiology studies, 1993–2017
Authors: Ohlander Johan , Fuhrimann Samuel , Basinas Ioannis , Cherrie John W , Galea Karen S , Povey Andrew C , van Tongeren Martie , Harding Anne-Helen , Jones Kate , Vermeulen Roel , Kromhout Hans 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveNumerous exposure assessment methods (EAM) exist for investigating health effects of occupational exposure to pesticides. Direct (eg, biomonitoring) and indirect methods (eg, self-reported exposures) are however associated with degrees of exposure misclassification. We systematically reviewed EAM in studies of occupational pesticide exposure.MethodsWe searched for articles reporting observational epidemiological studies in MEDLINE and Embase published 1993 to 2017. The relative frequency of EAM was analysed according to EAM type (direct and indirect methods), health outcome, study design, study location (country) and specificity of assessment. Temporal trends in EAM were analysed.ResultsIn 1298 included articles 1521 EAM occurrences were documented. Indirect EAM (78.3%), primarily self-reported exposures (39.3%) and job titles assessments (9.5%), were mainly applied in case-control studies (95.0%), in high-income countries (85.0%) and in studies of doctor-diagnosed health outcomes (>85%). Direct EAM (20.8%), primarily biomonitoring of blood (15.6%) or urine (4.7%), were predominantly applied in cross-sectional studies (29.8%), in lower middle-income countries (40.9%) and in studies of neurological (50.0%) outcomes. Between 1993 to 2017 no distinct time trends regarding the ratio indirect to direct methods was seen. Within the category of indirect methods use of self-reported exposures and job exposure matrices increased while assessments by job titles and registers decreased. The use of algorithms showed no trend. The specificity of pesticide assessment increased since studies assessing exposure by using job title as a proxy declined. Assessments of type of pesticide increased.ConclusionOver the last 25 years, the ratio (5:1) of indirect to direct EAM applied in articles on occupational pesticide epidemiology stayed relatively constant; changes were mainly attributable to increasing use of self-reported exposures and job exposure matrices. This review, combined with studies assessing EAM validity, will inform on magnitudes of exposure misclassification and help improve the quality of studies on occupational pesticides exposure.
The Impact of the Complexity of Harmony on the Acceptability of Music
Authors: Mihelač Lorena , Povh Janez 
Published: February 2020

In this article, we contribute to the longstanding challenge of how to explain the listener’s acceptability for a particular piece of music, using harmony as one of the crucial dimensions in music, one of the least examined in this context. We propose three measures for the complexity of harmony: (i) the complexity based on usage of the basic tonal functions and parallels in the harmonic progression, (ii) the entropies of unigrams and bigrams in the sequence of chords, and (iii) the regularity of the harmonic progression. Additionally, we propose four measures for the acceptability of musical pieces (perceptual variables): difficulty, pleasantness, recognition, and repeatability.
These measures have been evaluated in each musical example within our dataset, consisting of 160 carefully selected musical excerpts from different musical styles. The first and the third complexity measures and the musical style of excerpts were determined by the first author using criteria described in the article, while the entropies were computed by computer using Shannon’s formula, after the harmonic progression was determined. The four perceptual variables were obtained by a group of 21 participants, taking their mean values as the final score.
A statistical analysis of this dataset shows that all the measures of complexity are consistent and are together with the musical style important features in explaining the musical acceptability. These relations were further elaborated by regression tree analysis for difficulty and pleasantness after unigram entropy was eliminated due to high correlation with bigram entropy. Results offer reasonable interpretations and also illuminate the relative importance of the predictor variables. In particular, the regularity of the harmonic progression is in both cases the most important predictor.
A Prospectus for Examining Traditional and Modernized Consumption at China’s Urban Perimeters
Authors: Zelchenko Peter , Ivanov Alex 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The overwriting of traditional urban culture is pronounced at the perimeters of China’s largest cities. Dynamic modernization is taking place near these perimeters, supplanting older but still-thriving traditional forms. China’s city dwellers are mastering modernization. Changes in everyday food culture are observable in the move away from traditional market and product designs and towards a supply industrial regime, as well as changes in the nature of work. In two pilot cases at the community and family level, we see both accommodation as well as some resistance to these changes. I outline parts of a research plan for further observation and reporting of these transitions.
Eating the Forbidden Fruit: Pottery and Protestant Theology in Early Modern England
Authors: Walsham Alexandra 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This article offers insight into Protestant attitudes towards food by exploring seventeenth- and eighteenth-century English delftware dishes and chargers decorated with the biblical motif of the Temptation of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. It investigates the biblical story and doctrinal assumptions that underpinned this iconography and considers how objects decorated with it illuminate the ethics of eating in the godly household and reformed culture. Analyzing a range of visual variations on this theme, it approaches this species of Christian materiality as a form of embodied theology. Such pottery encouraged spectators to recognize the interconnections between sexual temptation and the sensual temptation presented by gluttony and to engage in spiritual and moral reflection. Probing the nexus between piety and bodily pleasure, the article also seeks to complicate traditional stereotypes about puritan asceticism.
Chronic Opioid Use after Laryngeal Cancer Treatment: A VA Study
Authors: Craker Nicole C. , Gal Thomas J. , Wells Lindsay , Schadler Aric , Pruden Samuel , Aouad Rony K. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate opioid utilization in veterans undergoing laryngeal cancer treatment and describe the risk of chronic use after treatment cessation.Study DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingA single Veterans Health Administration site.Subjects and MethodsVeterans with newly diagnosed and treated laryngeal cancer with attributable opioid use from 2005 to 2015. Milligram morphine equivalents (MMEs) were calculated from 90 days prior to diagnosis for up to 1 year. Adjuvant pain medications filled 30 days prior to and up to a year from the date of diagnosis were assessed.ResultsOf 74 veterans with biopsy‐proven laryngeal carcinoma, 73 (98.6%) were male and 71 (96%) were white. Forty‐three (58%) patients were stage 0/I/II; 31 (42%) were III/IV. Eleven (14.9%) were treated with surgery alone, 35 (47.3%) with radiation alone, and 28 (38%) with multimodal therapy. Twenty‐four (32.4%) patients had preexisting opioid use prior to cancer diagnosis. Patients who used opioids more than 30 days prior to date of diagnosis were found to be 10 times more likely to have persistent opioid use at 90 days (P =. 0024) and 8 times more likely to have chronic use at 360 days (P =. 0041). Maximum MMEs within 1 year of diagnosis were significantly associated with chronic use at 90 days (P =. 00045) and chronic use at 360 days (P =. 0006).ConclusionPreexisting opioid use and maximum MMEs are strongly associated with chronic opioid use among veterans treated for laryngeal carcinoma independent of stage and treatment type.
Complete versus Limited Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Lee Daniel J. , Yao Christopher M. K. L. , Sykes Jenna , Rizvi Leena , Tullis Elizabeth , Lee John M. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo examine the effects of the extent of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) on pulmonary health, including the pulmonary exacerbations and lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF).Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingTertiary health care center.Subjects and MethodsA retrospective review of patients with CF who underwent ESS at St. Michael’s Hospital between 1999 and 2016 was performed. Two groups of patients were identified based on the surgical extent: (1) complete (maxillary antrostomy, complete ethmoidectomy, sphenoidotomy, and frontal sinusotomy) and (2) limited (any ESS that involved less than complete). Primary outcomes included the number of pulmonary exacerbations (the use of oral or intravenous [IV] antibiotics), number of hospital admissions and hospital days during a 2‐year pre‐ and postoperative period, and pulmonary function outcomes during a 1‐year pre‐ and postoperative period.ResultsThere were 70 procedures (30 complete and 40 limited) among 57 patients. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. Complete ESS group had a significant reduction in the oral antibiotic use compared to the limited ESS group (median, –1.0 [interquartile range (IQR), –2 to 0] in complete vs 0 [IQR, –1 to 1] in limited, P =. 028). There was no difference in the use of IV antibiotics, number and duration of admissions, or rate of lung function change between the 2 groups.ConclusionComplete ESS may reduce mild forms of pulmonary exacerbations as shown in the decreased use of oral antibiotics. Overall, ESS does not significantly modify pulmonary outcomes in patients with CF.
Effects of Pregnancy on Otosclerosis
Authors: Qian Z. Jason , Alyono Jennifer C. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveThe effect of pregnancy on otosclerosis is controversial. If pregnancy physiologically increases the risk of progression, females with children would be expected to receive stapedectomy earlier than childless females and males. Here, we seek to determine whether sex moderates the relationship between number of children and age at stapedectomy.Study DesignRetrospective observational study of national health care claims.Setting2003 to 2016 Optum Clinformatics Data Mart.Subjects and MethodsIn total, 6025 privately insured US adults (3553 females, 2472 males) who received stapedectomy for otosclerosis were queried for age and number of children at the time of initial surgery.ResultsThe average age at stapedectomy was significantly lower in females than males (46.8 vs 48.1 years; t test, P <. 0001). Females with children had a significantly lower age at surgery compared to childless females (39.3 vs 49.9 years; t test, P <. 0001). Males with children similarly had a significantly lower age at surgery compared to childless males (40.5 vs 51.3 years; t test, P <. 0001). A higher number of children was correlated with lower age for both females (Pearson, r = −0.3817, P <. 0001) and males (Pearson, r = −0. 3675, P <. 0001). Linear regression showed that younger age of surgery could be predicted by female sex and number of children (F(3, 6021) = 336.93, P <. 001, R2 = 0.1437) with no significant interaction between sex and number of children (P =. 186).ConclusionSex does not moderate the effect of increasing number of children on decreasing age at stapedectomy. Social, rather than biological, factors surrounding parenthood such as increased overall health care utilization may explain prior associations between pregnancy and otosclerosis.