bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal analysis of cell-free mutated KRAS and CA 19-9 predicts survival following curative resection of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Hussung Saskia , Akhoundova Dilara , Hipp Julian , Follo Marie , Klar Rhena , Philipp Ulrike , Scherer Florian , von Bubnoff Nikolas , Duyster Justus , Börries Melanie , Wittel Uwe , Fritsch Ralph 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Novel biomarkers and molecular monitoring tools hold potential to improve outcome for patients following resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We hypothesized that the combined longitudinal analysis of mutated cell-free plasma KRAS (cfKRASmut) and CA 19-9 during adjuvant treatment and follow-up might more accurately predict disease course than hitherto available parameters. Methods: Between 07/2015 and 10/2018, we collected 134 plasma samples from 25 patients after R0/R1-resection of PDAC during adjuvant chemotherapy and post-treatment surveillance at our institution. Highly sensitive discriminatory multi-target ddPCR assays were employed to screen plasma samples for cfKRASmut. cfKRASmut and CA 19-9 dynamics were correlated with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Patients were followed-up until 01/2020.Results: Out of 25 enrolled patients, 76% had undergone R0 resection and 48% of resected PDACs were pN0. 17/25 (68%) of patients underwent adjuvant chemotherapy. Median follow-up was 22.0 months, with 19 out of 25 (76%) patients relapsing during study period. Median RFS was 10.0 months, median OS was 22.0 months. Out of clinicopathologic variables, only postoperative CA 19-9 levels and administration of adjuvant chemotherapy correlated with survival endpoints. cfKRASmut. was detected in 12/25 (48%) of patients, and detection of high levels inversely correlated with survival endpoint. Integration of cfKRASmut and CA 19-9 levels outperformed either individual marker. cfKRASmut outperformed CA 19-9 as dynamic marker since increase during adjuvant chemotherapy and follow-up was highly predictive of early relapse and poor OS. Conclusions: Integrated analysis of cfKRASmut and CA 19-9 levels is a promising approach for molecular monitoring of patients following resection of PDAC. Larger prospective studies are needed to further develop this approach and dissect each marker`s specific potential.
Excretable, ultrasmall hexagonal NaGdF4:Yb50% Nanoparticles for bimodal imaging and radiosensitization
Authors: Damasco Jossana Abcede , Ohulchanskyy Tymish Y , Mahajan Supriya D , Chen Guanying , Singh Ajay , Kutscher Hilliard , Huang Haoyuan , Turowski Steven , Spernyak Joseph A , Singh Anurag , Lovell Jonathan F , Seshadri Mukund , Prasad Paras 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: In this study, we report on the synthesis, imaging and radiosensitizing properties of ultrasmall β-NaGdF4:Yb50% nanoparticles as a multifunctional theranostic platform. The synthesized nanoparticles act as potent bimodal contrast agents with superior imaging properties compared to existing agents used for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). Clonogenic assays demonstrated that these nanoparticles can act as effective radiosensitizers, provided the nanoparticles are taken up intracellularly.Results: Our ultrasmall β-NaGdF4:Yb50% nanoparticles demonstrate improvement in T1-weighted contrast over the standard clinical MR imaging agent Gd-DTPA and similar CT signal enhancement capabilities as commercial agent iohexol. A 2 Gy dose of X-ray induced ~20% decrease in colony survival when C6 rat glial cells were incubated with non-targeted nanoparticles (NaGdF4:Yb50%), whereas the same X-ray dose resulted in a ~60% decrease in colony survival with targeted nanoparticles conjugated to folic acid (NaGdF4:Yb50%-FA). Intravenous administration of nanoparticles resulted in clearance through urine and feces within a short duration, based on the ex vivo analysis of Gd3+ ions via ICP-MS.Conclusion: These biocompatible and in vivo clearable ultra-small NaGdF4:Yb50% are promising candidates for further evaluation in image-guided radiotherapy applications.
Determinants of low breastfeeding self-efficacy amongst mothers of children aged less than six months old: Results&nbsp;from&nbsp;the&nbsp;BADUTA&nbsp;Study&nbsp;in East Java, Indonesia&nbsp;
Authors: Titaley Christiana R , Dibley Michael , Ariawan Iwan , Mu'asyaroh Anifatun , Alam Ashraful , Damayanti Rita , Tran Do Thanh , Ferguson Elaine , Htet Min Kyaw , Li Mu , Sutrisna Aang , Fahmida Umi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background Despite the increasing rate of exclusive breastfeeding in Indonesia, there is still a need for supportive interventions. The breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers is a key factor positively associated with optimum breastfeeding practices. Our analysis aims to assess the determinants of low breastfeeding self-efficacy amongst a sample of women with children aged under six months in Malang and Sidoarjo Districts, East Java, Indonesia. Methods We used information from 1210 mothers of children aged <6 months recruited in the BADUTA study conducted in 2015-2016 in Malang and Sidoarjo Districts. The outcome variable in this analysis was mothers’ self-efficacy for breastfeeding using the 14 statements in the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy-Short Form. We evaluated 17 potential predictors of breastfeeding self-efficacy, organized into six sub-groups of variables: (1) context/demographic; (2) household factors; (3) maternal characteristics; (4) child characteristics; (5) breastfeeding practices; and (6) antenatal and delivery care. Logistic regression analyses were employed to examine factors associated with mothers’ self-efficacy with breastfeeding. Results More than half of the women in this study had a low level of self-efficacy. One of the factors associated with low breastfeeding self-efficacy found in this study was mothers' problems related to breastfeeding. Mothers who had problems with breastfeeding not related to illness (aOR=3.27, 95%CI: 2.45, 4.36) or problems related to both illness and non-illness conditions (aOR=3.57, 95%CI: 1.37, 9.33) had higher odds of low breastfeeding self-efficacy than those who did not have any problems. Compared to mothers who completed university education, there was a significantly higher odds of low breastfeeding self-efficacy in mothers who completed primary school or lower (aOR=1.88, 95%CI: 1.16, 3.05); completed junior high school (aOR=2.27; 95%CI: 1.42, 3.63); and completed senior high school (aOR=1.94, 95%CI: 1.29, 2.91). Other significant predictors of low breastfeeding self-efficacy were mothers not exposed to any breastfeeding interventions (aOR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.09, 3.22); working outside the house (aOR=1.69, 95%CI: 1.23, 2.32); not obtaining any advice on breastfeeding (aOR=1.40, 95%CI: 1.08, 1.82); with low knowledge of breastfeeding (aOR=1.38, 95%CI: 1.03, 1.84); and delivered by Caesarean section (aOR=1.34, 95%CI: 1.05, 1.70). Conclusions Multipronged breastfeeding education programs and support are required to improve women’s self-efficacy with breastfeeding. Improved access to breastfeeding counselors, active support for mothers following cesarean delivery, and increased supporting facilities at workplaces are essential to improve self-efficacy with breastfeeding.
Dynamic history of the inner core constrained by seismic anisotropy
Authors: Frost Daniel , Lasbleis Marine , Chandler Brian , Romanowicz Barbara 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Progressive crystallisation of Earth's inner core over geological times drives convection in the outer core and the generation of the Earth’s magnetic field. Resolving the rate and pattern of inner core growth is thus crucial to understanding the evolution of the geodynamo. The growth history of Earth’s inner core is likely recorded in the distribution and strength of seismic anisotropy arising from deformation texturing constrained by boundary conditions at the inner-core solid-fluid boundary. Travel times of seismic body waves indicate that seismic anisotropy increases with depth. Here we find that the strongest anisotropy is offset from Earth's rotation axis. Using geodynamic growth models and mineral physics calculations, we simulate the development of inner core anisotropy in a self-consistent manner. We show for the first time that an inner core model composed of hexagonally close-packed iron-nickel alloy, deformed by a combination of preferential equatorial growth and slow translation can match the seismic observations without requiring the introduction of hemispheres with sharp boundaries. We find a model of the inner core growth history compatible with external constraints from outer core dynamics, supporting arguments for a relatively young inner core (~0.5-1.5 Ga) and a viscosity >1018 Pa-s.
The Effects of One-to-One Laptop Program on Help-Seeking and Homework Completion
Authors: Bisaillon Jérémie , Villeneuve Stéphane , Stockless Alain 
Published: January 2021

Many students prefer to abandon rather than seek help during their homework. However, seeking support is recognized as an effective learning strategy to complete assignments. Technology-supported classroom could have a beneficial impact on this strategy and, therefore, on homework completion. This article aims to compare students from a one-to-one laptop program to others studying in a traditional classroom environment on their 1) help-seeking strategies and 2) homework completion frequency. Quantitative analyses tend to confirm the initial hypothesis. However, they reveal the necessity to sensitize students regarding the appropriate use of technological tools to ensure their beneficial impact on learning.
CRIMINALIDADE NO BRASIL: UM PROBLEMA DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Goncalves Filho Cid , Araújo Pena Stanley , Quiroga Souki Gustavo , Ricardo Cezar A. Mello José 
Published: January 2021

A decisão de aderir a um comportamento criminoso é pessoal. Entretanto, para cada criminoso que é preso podem surgir outros aderindo ao mesmo comportamento desviante caso os padrões de raciocínio cognitivo se repitam. Em outras palavras, para entendermos o crime precisamos entender as pessoas, seus padrões cognitivos (raciocínios), personalidade e motivos de adesão ao crime. Neste sentido, foi realizado um questionário com 413 respondentes através de um levantamento descritivo. Os dados foram tratados usando métodos que visaram primeiramente alinhar os pressupostos estatísticos, para em sequência explorar as dimensões das causas, cognições e consequências do crime. Os resultados explicam 59% das causas de desvios e crimes leves e 46% de crimes mais graves, com análise através de equações estruturais. Os resultados demonstram padrões de psicopatia (orientação ao poder, irresponsabilidade e impulsividade), padrões cognitivos (justificação direitos, justificação sociedade, socialização e civilidade), atitudes e percepções (normas subjetivas, benefícios do crime, custos do crime, banalização do crime e perspectivas de vida), elementos comportamentais (ociosidade) e sociopatia, como causas do comportamento criminoso. O trabalho se encerra questionando se podemos tratar estes transtornos de forma preventiva, reduzindo os custos do crime (mortes e internações entre outros), através de intervenções contributivas do sistema de saúde. Neste sentido se por um lado o crime ajuda a saturar o sistema de saúde, este poderia atuar para sua mitigação do crime de forma antecipatória, tratando padrões patológicos identificados.
Ułożenie, funkcja i zmienność powrózka naczyniowo-nerwowego klatki piersiowej: praca przeglądowa
Authors: Janowska Dominika 
Published: January 2021

Za unerwienie i zaopatrywanie w składniki odżywcze ścian klatki piersiowej odpowiada powrózek naczyniowo-nerwowy. W swoim przebiegu charakteryzuje się on układem, w którym to żyła międzyżebrowa jest strukturą najbardziej chronioną. Poniżej żyły znajduje się znacznie bardziej narażona na uszkodzenia tętnica międzyżebrowa, natomiast nerw międzyżebrowy jest strukturą, która jako pierwsza ulega uszkodzeniom w przypadku ran kłutych klatki piersiowej. Pomimo tak nietypowego układu struktur w pęczku, możliwe jest wykorzystanie tej wiedzy w praktyce klinicznej do przeprowadzenia zabiegów takich jak torakocenteza, torakotomia, czy też blokada nerwu międzyżebrowego.
LncRNA SNHG7 Serves as a Potential Biomarker on the Prognosis of Human Solid Tumors: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yi Ping , Zhang Wenchao , Yang Ming , Lu Qianjin , Wu Haijing 
Published: January 2021

Background and Objective:
Emerging studies on the predictive value of Small Nucleolar
RNA Host Gene 7 (SNHG7) in human neoplasms give evidence of the association of SNHG7 with
the human tumor. However, whether SNHG7 can be utilized as a biomarker for carcinoma is still
unknown. Therefore, this meta-analysis is aimed to assess the possibility of SNHG7 serving as a
tumor biomarker.

Material and Methods:
11 studies involving 814 cancer patients were retrieved from several databases,
including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from 1950 to Dec 27,
2019. Data on patient survival and several clinicopathological features were extracted and analyzed.

Results:
Evident association between SNHG7 expression and poor Overall Survival (OS) was
demonstrated (HR=1.84, 95% CI: 1.42-2.37) and high SNHG7 level was markedly correlated with
tumor size (OR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.27-3.19), advanced clinical grade (III/IV) (OR=3.90, 95% CI:
2.63-5.80), Lymphatic Metastasis (LM) (OR=4.53, 95% CI: 2.71-7.55), and Distant Metastasis
(DM) (OR=3.52, 95% CI: 2.58-4.80), except age and gender. Subgroup analysis showed that the
predictive value of SNHG7 was consistent regardless of follow-up months, tumor location and sample
size. Additionally, data from the R2 database also confirmed this association (p < 0.05). Publication
bias was evaluated using Begg’s and Egger’s test.

Conclusion:
SNHG7 could serve for a promising biomarker to predict prognosis, progression and metastasis of human solid
cancer.
An Extremely Rare Epithelioid Sarcoma Arising from the Infratemporal Fossa: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ran Weiming , Tang Wei , Duan Junyan , Qing Jiao , Zhai Zhaohua 
Published: January 2021

Introduction:
Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare histopathological type of soft tissue sarcoma.
They are subcutaneous soft tissue masses that tend to arise in extremity sites (the classic
type, formerly referred to as distal type) or proximal midline region of the body (the proximal
type), such as the perineum, genital tract, and pelvis. The head and neck regions are rarely affected
by ES, but the infratemporal fossa (ITF) is extremely rare. ES involving the ITF has not been reported
before in literature. In this paper, the imaging features of ES were reviewed in detail, and
the anatomical structure and epidemiology of ITF were briefly introduced.

Sources:
We performed a systematic search from 3 databases, CNKI(China National Knowledge
Internet), FMRS(Foreign Medical Literature Retrieval Service, Shenzhen METSTR Technology
CO., Led. China), and PubMed, to obtain literature from January 1970 to July 2020. Epithelioid sarcoma,
head and neck regions, infratemporal fossa, diagnostic imaging, anatomy, MRI, and CT
were used as keywords for advanced retrieval. A study had to be found eligible for inclusion to be
closely related to ES and/or ITF. A total of 129 related pieces of literature were retrieved successfully,
of which 37 were closely related to this study. The case report in this article is from the Affiliated
Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College. The present study was approved by the institutional
review board of the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College and a written informed
consent for the publication of the case was obtained from the patient.

Case Presentation:
A 33-year-old man accidentally found a slowly growing, painless mass in the
left cheek more than a month ago. On plain computed tomography (CT) scan of the outpatient department,
an oval slightly low-density mass with well-defined and uniform boundary in the infratemporal
fossa was revealed, and on the contrast-enhanced scan, it was homogeneous and moderately
enhanced. Initially, the CT appearance favored benign lesions. However, the possibility of a
malignant tumor can not be excluded completely. Finally, the patient was referred to the inpatient
department a tumor arose from IF and underwent a selective operation. The tumor was completely
removed. Histologic findings were compatible with epithelioid sarcoma. Post-operatively, the patient
received 2 cycles of radiotherapy, and there was no evidence of recurrence after 6 months follow-
up.

Conclusion:
The imaging manifestations of ES are various. The anatomic structure of ITF is complex
and the pathological types are various. It should be very careful in the qualitative diagnosis of
tumors from the ITF, and advanced imaging techniques will be useful in imaging diagnosis.
Anti-MDR Effects of Quercetin and its Nanoemulsion in Multidrug-Resistant Human Leukemia Cells
Authors: Marques Maiara B. , Machado Ayane P. , Santos Priscila A. , Carrett-Dias Michele , Araújo Gabriela S. , da Silva Alves Barbara , de Oliveira Bárbara Santos , da Silva Júnior Flavio M.R. , Dora Cristiana L. , Cañedo Andrés D. , Filgueira Daza M.V.B. , Fernandes e Silva Estela , de Souza Votto Ana Paula 
Published: January 2021

Background::
Quercetin has potential against the Multidrug Resistance (MDR) phenotype, but with
low bioavailability. The increase in the bioavailability can be obtained with nanostructures.

Objective::
To analyze the effects of quercetin and its nanoemulsion on MDR and non-MDR cells.

Methods:
We used high-pressure homogenization for nanoemulsion production; Trypan Blue for
cytostatic/cytotoxicity assays; Epifluorescence microscope (with specific probes) for apoptosis and DNA
damage; Real-Time PCR for gene expression; AutoDock Vina for docking and Flow Cytometry for efflux
analysis. Quercetin exerted antiproliferative impact, induced apoptosis, necrosis and DNA damage on cells.

Results::
Quercetin combined with vincristine showed an effect similar to verapamil (an ABCB1 inhibitor), and
docking showed that it binds to ABCB1 in a similar region. Quercetin was also capable of altering ABCB1 gene
expression. Quercetin in nanoemulsion maintained the cytotoxic and cytostatic effects of quercetin, which may
increase bioavailability. Besides, the unloaded nanoemulsion was able to inhibit per se the efflux activity of
ABCB1, demonstrating pharmacological action of this structure.

Conclusion::
Quercetin may be considered as a prospective drug to overcome resistance in cancer cells and its
nanoemulsion can be an alternative for in vivo application.
Lumiflavin Enhances the Effects of Ionising Radiation on Ovarian Cancer Stem-Like Cells by Inhibiting Autophagy
Authors: Wu Meiyuan , Huang Yangsheng , Song Zhaoxia , Yang Ruhui 
Published: January 2021

Background:
The development of Cancer Stem-like Cells (CSCs) is one of the main causes of ovarian
cancer tolerance to radiotherapy. Autophagy is an adaptive process by which cells damage due to radiation. As a
metabolite of riboflavin, lumiflavin can enhance the chemotherapeutic effects of cisplatin on ovarian cancer
CSCs.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of lumiflavin and ionising radiation on ovarian cancer CSCs and explore the association of this metabolite with autophagy.

Methods::
CSCs of human ovarian cancer cell lines HO8910 were treated with lumiflavin and rapamycin and
then subjected to irradiation at a cumulative dose of 8 Gy. Cell proliferation ability, clonal formation ability,
apoptosis rate, autophagy changes and autophagy-related protein changes were detected.

Results:
Lumiflavin and ionising radiation synergistically reduced cell vitality and clone formation and increased
the apoptosis of CSCs compared with irradiation alone. In addition, ionising radiation increased autophagy and
the expression of associated proteins, whereas lumiflavin reduced those changes in autophagy progression.
Moreover, rapamycin, an autophagy inhibitor, was observed to block the synergistic effects of lumiflavin and
ionising radiation on CSC apoptosis.

Conclusion:
Lumiflavin can enhance the effects of ionising radiation on ovarian cancer CSCs. The mechanism by which these effects are exerted is related to blocking the autophagy pathway.
An Overview of Recent Patents and Patented Technology Platforms Based on Co-Processed Excipients
Authors: Kaushik Deepak , Goel Etisha , Verma Ravinder , Pandey Parijat , Purohit Deepika , Mittal Vineet , Kumar Kuldeep , Rahman Md. Habibur 
Published: January 2021

Background:
There is no single-component excipient that fulfills all the requisite performance
to allow an active pharmaceutical ingredient to be formulated into a specific dosage form.
Co-processing is a novel concept that incorporates a combination of two or more excipients, that is
advantageous and cannot be achieved using a physical admixture.

Objective:
This review provides an overview of co-processed excipients, recent patents granted
and filed in this field and the commercial patented technology platforms based on these excipients.

Methods:
Various online patent databases were used for collecting the information on recent patents
and patented co-processed excipient technologies. The recent patents such as single-step coprocessing
by dry coating, novel co-processed excipients for oily drugs and novel silica-coated
compositions have been discussed.

Results:
Co-processed excipients are evolving as a current and future trend of excipient technology
in pharmaceutical manufacturing, which is evident by the increasing number of patents based on these
excipients. Among various techniques, the maximum number of patents is based on the spray
drying technique.

Conclusion:
In this work, the authors have focussed on recent patents and commercial technologies
on co-processed excipient. A better understanding of this will help researchers and pharmaceutical
industries to select the appropriate platform, or to develop new innovative co-processed excipients
with improved tableting characteristics.
Essential Polymers Helping Patients with Obesity
Authors: Nascimento Maria , Pal Kaushik , Gomes Fernando 
Published: January 2021

Background:
In the last decades, the prevalence of obesity showed a significant increase
in several countries. This fact is very worrying since there is an association between obesity
and metabolic alterations, such as type II diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, some
types of cancer, and glucose intolerance. Knowledge of causes, preventive strategies, and treatment
have been objects of studies by researchers in several centers.

Objective:
The present paper aims to review some studies addressing the increase in the prevalence
and incidence of obesity, diseases related to overweight, and procedures to reduce body fat. The primary
focus of the presented work is the use of polymer systems as an alternative to the conventional
pharmacological treatment of obesity, exploiting the natural and synthetic polymer systems that
have excellent efficiency and can promote improvement to the existing therapies.

Results:
The use of polymers presents the growing relevance as a new therapy and to the improvement
of existing treatments. Among the polymers studied in the treatment of obesity, natural polymers
such as chitosan and alginate have gained prominence. Synthetic polymer systems such as poly
(ε-caprolactone) and poly (lactide-co-glycolide) were also studied for the treatment of obesity.

Conclusions:
This mini-review reflects exclusive strategies that point out to polymers that can be
an alternative to conventional pharmacological treatments or even as occupants in the treatment of
obesity. Besides, we do believe that the most profound union between Polymers and Medical Science
will allow us to mitigate this disease and all associated conditions, improving the quality of
life, mainly of the poor populations from emerging countries.