bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Institutional complexity of host country and corporate social responsibility: developing vs developed countries
Authors: Khojastehpour Morteza , Jamali Dima 
Published: May 2020

PurposeCorporate social responsibility (CSR) is a new trend that has swept the world of business by storm. With globalization proceeding unabated and CSR acquiring global interest and resonance, examining how companies can make adaptations to their CSR in an international context becomes a timely and important issue.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on institutional theory, this study aims to identify three types of host country institutional complexity that accompany the internationalization process, namely, cultural, regulatory and economic, hence necessitating nuanced CSR adaptations in context and as illustrated in this paper requiring different tailoring and adaptation of CSR programs and interventions between developed and developing countries.FindingsThe authors propose a series of research propositions for exploration toward broadening and deepening the understanding of the above institutional complexities and the necessity of CSR tailoring and adaptation to accompany the internationalization process.Originality/valueThe paper is one of the first to highlight the necessity of CSR tailoring in the context of the internationalization process while considering host country institutional complexity highlighting nuanced differences between developed and developing country landscapes and implications for how multinational corporations should approach CSR in these differentiated environments.
Internal marketing, employee satisfaction and cultural congruence of Gulf airlines
Authors: Chen Qian , Huang Rong , Pak Ka Ying , Hou Bing 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
Little empirical research has examined the role of culture on the internal marketing-employee satisfaction (ES) relationship, and even fewer studies focus on this subject in the airline sector. This paper aims to assess whether culture moderates the contribution of internal marketing to the satisfaction of employees from Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) airlines.

Design/methodology/approach
The investigation is conducted via a structured questionnaire with 310 cabin crew members who work at three GCC airlines. Multi-group analysis was used within SmartPLS 3.0 to measure whether the impact of internal marketing on ES is moderated by cultural congruence.

Findings
The results reveal the practice of internal marketing contributes to ES in GCC airlines, while cultural congruence moderates the direct relationship between internal marketing and the satisfaction of airlines’ employees. The results indicate that airlines need to satisfy the cultural needs of employees to increase their satisfaction for successful internal marketing practice.

Originality/value
This study contributes towards assessing the moderation effects of cultural congruence on internal marketing practice in the airline sector. It contributes to the current literature on aviation research, as well as specific managerial implications for the airlines and managers to achieve higher competitiveness.
Harassment and Intimidation of Parliamentary Candidates in the United Kingdom
Authors: Collignon Sofia , Rüdig Wolfgang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe use of political violence to attain political goals has long been a source of concern. Once thought to be exclusive to countries with high levels of general violence, recent evidence suggests that harassment and intimidation of political elites in the UK is more widespread than previously thought. Using data from the 2017 general election candidate survey, we find that four in every ten candidates experienced at least one type of harassment. Evidence suggests that women and young candidates are more likely to suffer from harassment and intimidation. We conclude by formulating an agenda for future research, focussing, in particular, on the perception of harassment and the effect of harassment on political careers.
Does Public Opinion Affect Political Speech?
Authors: Hager Anselm , Hilbig Hanno 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDoes public opinion affect political speech? Of particular interest is whether public opinion affects (i) what topics politicians address and (ii) what positions they endorse. We present evidence from Germany where the government was recently forced to declassify its public opinion research, allowing us to link the content of the research to subsequent speeches. Our causal identification strategy exploits the exogenous timing of the research's dissemination to cabinet members within a window of a few days. We find that exposure to public opinion research leads politicians to markedly change their speech. First, we show that linguistic similarity between political speech and public opinion research increases significantly after reports are passed on to the cabinet, suggesting that politicians change the topics they address. Second, we demonstrate that exposure to public opinion research alters politicians' substantive positions in the direction of majority opinion.
Selective intra‐arterial calcium stimulation test for the localization of insulinomas: an Australian hospital experience
Authors: Graf Anneke , Sarlos Stella , Farrell Stephen G. , MacIsaac Richard J. , Inder Warrick J. , Sachithanandan Nirupa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundInsulinomas are rare tumours of the pancreas and the most common cause of hypoglycaemia in non‐diabetic adults. They can be cured by surgery but require precise localization. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of the selective intra‐arterial calcium stimulation test (SIACST) in patients with an insulinoma to correctly localize the tumour.MethodsMedical records of patients with a diagnosis of insulinoma or who underwent an SIACST were retrospectively reviewed. Localization of lesions by SIACST was compared to endoscopic ultrasound and radionuclide imaging studies and verified against findings at surgery.ResultsA total of 24 patients (mean age 58 years, 16 females, 20 with insulinoma) underwent SIACST. The SIACST correctly localized the insulinoma in 17 of 20 patients (85%). Localization rate for computed tomography was 55% and 75% for endoscopic ultrasound and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor scan.ConclusionSIACST provided incremental diagnostic information in patients with insulinoma who had equivocal non‐invasive imaging preoperatively. This technique remains an essential diagnostic tool when a lesion is not localized by other methods.
Another type of diaphragmatic hernia to remember: parahiatal hernia
Authors: Li Junsheng , Guo Chenchen , Shao Xiangyu , Cheng Tao , Wang Yong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundParahiatal hernia is a less common form of diaphragmatic hernia, with the defect lateral to the crus and oesophageal hiatus, and the unfamiliarity of this disease would cause confusion to general surgeons. In the present study, the literature on parahiatal hernia were reviewed, the clinical profile of this disease, as well as our own experience is presented and analysed.MethodsIn the present study, a thorough identification of all published reports on parahiatal hernias was made, together with our own cases, the available data were summarized, analysed and discussed.ResultsA total of 27 cases of parahiatal hernias were identified since 1987. Among them, 19 cases were primary parahiatal hernias, and eight cases were secondary or acquired parahiatal hernias. None of the 27 cases were pre‐operatively diagnosed, and the majority of them were pre‐operatively diagnosed as paraoesophageal hernias. Detailed treatment data were available in 26 of the 27 cases. Three patients received open surgery, and 23 patients were treated with laparoscopic procedures. Suture repair was used in 12 cases, and 14 cases were repaired with mesh reinforcement. In addition, two cases underwent partial gastrectomy, stomach suture was performed in another two cases.ConclusionPatients with parahiatal hernia have a high risk of developing hernia incarceration or gastric vovulus. Laparoscopic treatment of parahiatal hernia is feasible and safe in the majority cases. Surgeons should be aware of this disease when performing paraoesophageal hernia repair, as parahiatal hernias may occur with or without previous diaphragmatic surgery.
Primary pharyngolaryngectomy with jejunal free flap reconstruction: a single centre's evolving experience
Authors: Henrys Courtenay , Slaughter Thomas , Bernard Anne , Perry Christopher , Porceddu Sandro , Panizza Benedict 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and in particular hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, has long been associated with disfiguring treatment options, significant morbidity and limited long‐term survival outcomes. Total pharyngolaryngectomy (TPL) with free flap reconstruction followed by post‐operative radiation therapy or chemoradiotherapy is a widely accepted treatment of choice for advanced disease of the hypopharynx.MethodsOur unit undertook a 11‐year review of all primary TPL patients aiming to provide an update on survival outcomes, morbidity, post‐operative complications and evolving management strategies. We report one of the largest single‐centre series to date with 89 patients undergoing primary TPL between 2003 and 2013, and compare these outcomes to 180 patients undergoing TPL at the same facility in the previous 23 years.ResultsBetween study periods, we saw a shift in patient population towards higher stage disease (T‐stage 3 or 4 97% 2003–2013; 68% 1979–2002) and increased nodal involvement (node positive 88% 2003–2013; 70% 1979–2002) without a subsequent reduction in 5‐year disease‐specific survival (52% 2003–2013; 52% 1979–2002) or 5‐year overall survival (32% 2003–2013; 33% 1979–2002).
Property rights on First Nations reserve land
Authors: Aragón Fernando M. , Kessler Anke S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the economic effects of existing private property rights on First Nations reserves. We focus on three regimes of land tenure: lawful possession, designated land and permits. These land regimes have been used to create individual landholdings and grant secure and transferable rights of use of reserve land. Using confidential census microdata and rich administrative data, we find evidence of a positive relationship between the use of these tenure regimes and homeownership rates, housing conditions and band's public spending. We also observe a positive relationship with average income. However, this last result is driven by the inflow of a non‐Indigenous population not by improvements in Indigenous households’ income or on‐reserve employment. Our findings thus suggest that while reforms to individual property rights on reserve have some positive effects, their scope remains limited and they are unlikely to constitute a transformative tool to alleviate poverty on reserve.
Averting transmission: A pivotal target to manage amoebiasis
Authors: Rawat Aadish , Singh Parikshit , Jyoti Anupam , Kaushik Sanket , Srivastava Vijay Kumar 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAmoebiasis is a parasitic infectious disease caused by the enteric protozoan Entamoeba histolytica, a leading basis of deaths accounted to parasites, succeeding malaria and schistosomiasis. Conventional treatment methodologies used to deal with amoebiasis mainly rely on the administration of anti‐amoebic compounds and vaccines but are often linked with substantial side‐effects on the patient. Besides, cases of development of drug resistance in protozoans have been recorded, contributing further to the reduction in the efficiency of the treatment. Loopholes in the efficacious management of the disease call for the development of novel methodologies to manage amoebiasis. A way to achieve this is by targeting the essential metabolic processes of ‘encystation’ and ‘excystation’, and the associated biomolecules, thus interrupting the biphasic life cycle of the parasite. Technologies like the CRISPR‐Cas9 system can efficiently be exploited to discover novel and essential molecules that regulate the protozoan's metabolism, while efficiently manipulating and managing the known drug targets, leading to an effective halt and forestall to the enteric infection. This review presents a perspective on these essential metabolic processes and the associated molecules that can be targeted efficaciously to prevent the transmission of amoebiasis, thus managing the disease and proving to be a fruitful endeavour.
Underused Methods in Developmental Science to Inform Policy and Practice
Authors: Rioux Charlie , Little Todd D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this article, we offer recommendations for underused innovations and advances in research methods to enhance the quality of developmental science research. We couch our recommendations in terms of measurement innovations, design innovations, and analytic advances. We discuss six methods—the visual analog scale, the retrospective pretest–posttest design, appropriate timing and units of change, the accelerated longitudinal design, missing data treatments, and integrative data analysis. We conclude by encouraging developmental scientists to continue to incorporate advances and innovations in methods as they address the essential questions surrounding our goal to understand and improve the human condition across the life span.
The processing of rhythmic structures in music and prosody by children with developmental dyslexia and developmental language disorder
Authors: Caccia Martina , Lorusso Maria Luisa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRhythm perception seems to be crucial to language development. Many studies have shown that children with developmental dyslexia and developmental language disorder have difficulties in processing rhythmic structures. In this study, we investigated the relationships between prosody and musical processing in Italian children with typical and atypical development. The tasks aimed to reproduce linguistic prosodic structures through musical sequences, offering a direct comparison between the two domains without violating the specificities of each one.About 16 Typically Developing children, 16 children with a diagnosis of Developmental Dyslexia, and 16 with a diagnosis of developmental language disorder (age 10–13 years) participated in the experimental study. Three tasks were administered: an association task between a sentence and its humming version, a stress discrimination task (between couples of sounds reproducing the intonation of Italian trisyllabic words), and an association task between trisyllabic nonwords with different stress position and three‐notes musical sequences with different musical stress.Children with developmental language disorder perform significantly lower than Typically Developing children on the humming test. By contrast, children with developmental dyslexia are significantly slower than TD in associating nonwords with musical sequences. Accuracy and speed in the experimental tests correlate with metaphonological, language, and word reading scores. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed within a multidimensional model of neurodevelopmental disorders including prosodic and rhythmic skills at word and sentence level.
The role of school leadership in Singapore's future‐ready school reform
Authors: Ng David Foo Seong , Wong Choun Pei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we propose that successful education needs to fulfil three purposes while being cognisant of time and context: (a) learning, (b) lifework and (c) well‐being. An education system is successful if it can develop future‐ready individuals who will continue to learn beyond graduation, take on future lifework, and thrive in a changing society and environment. The future is context‐situated and context‐dependent. We have chosen to examine the economic, social and environmental context of Singapore to provide insight on the values, skills and knowledge that are required of future‐ready learners according to the three purposes. We have compared the trajectories of other high‐income nations with those of Singapore. Traditional teaching and learning practices no longer serve us well in the new realities that emerge. Education practices need to evolve in tandem to meet the demands of the 21st century. The roles that school leaders play include creating teaching and learning environments where these practices can be implemented. In our review of leadership practices and concepts, we have found that it is important for school leaders to question existing assumptions of teaching, learning and leadership practices in order to advance the development of 21st century skills, knowledge, values, and habits in learners.
Rubric Rating with MFRM versus Randomly Distributed Comparative Judgment: A Comparison of Two Approaches to Second‐Language Writing Assessment
Authors: Sims Maureen E. , Cox Troy L. , Eckstein Grant T. , Hartshorn K. James , Wilcox Matthew P. , Hart Judson M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to explore the reliability of a potentially more practical approach to direct writing assessment in the context of ESL writing. Traditional rubric rating (RR) is a common yet resource‐intensive evaluation practice when performed reliably. This study compared the traditional rubric model of ESL writing assessment and many‐facet Rasch modeling (MFRM) to comparative judgment (CJ), the new approach, which shows promising results in terms of reliability. We employed two groups of raters—novice and experienced—and used essays that had been previously double‐rated, analyzed with MFRM, and selected with fit statistics. We compared the results of the novice and experienced groups against the initial ratings using raw scores, MFRM, and a modern form of CJ—randomly distributed comparative judgment (RDCJ). Results showed that the CJ approach, though not appropriate for all contexts, can be as reliable as RR while showing promise as a more practical approach. Additionally, CJ is easily transferable to novel assessment tasks while still providing context‐specific scores. Results from this study will not only inform future studies but can help guide ESL programs in selecting a rating model best suited to their specific needs.
Identification of novel candidate autoantibodies in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Wang B. Z. , Zailan F. Z. , Wong B. Y. X. , Ng K. P. , Kandiah N. 
Published: May 2020

Background and purposeAccumulated failures in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) clinical trials have highlighted an urgent need to identify additional biomarkers involved in AD. Recently, mounting evidence reported that autoantibodies are ubiquitous in human sera. However, it is unknown whether autoantibodies are upregulated in amyloid‐tau biomarker‐confirmed AD.MethodsA total of 40 subjects with mild dementia (Clinical Dementia Rating = 1) were stratified into AD (n = 16) and non‐AD (n = 24) groups according to their cerebrospinal fluid levels of tau and Aβ42. Their sera were collected and analyzed using a microarray containing > 1600 potential human autoantigens. Autoantibodies that were present exclusively in the AD group were identified and selected using the penetrance‐based fold change method with the following criteria: penetrance fold change(AD) ≥ 2, frequency(AD) ≥ 15% and frequency(non‐AD) = 0%.ResultsAll controls and samples passed the quality control criteria and were further used for biomarker analysis. Six autoantibodies with elevated responses to the following autoantigens were found exclusively in the AD group: nucleosome assembly protein 1‐like 3 (31.3%, 5/16 subjects) and microtubule‐associated protein 4, pantothenic acid kinase 3, phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase regulatory subunit 1, protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA member 1 and SRY (sex‐determining region Y)‐box 15 (all 18.8%, 3/16 subjects).ConclusionsAlthough some identified autoantigens are linked to AD and cognitive dysfunction, the increased autoantibody levels have not been reported in AD. Autoantibodies may provide deeper insights into the pathogenesis of AD and serve as diagnostic biomarkers; their corresponding antigens can be further studied to assess their potential as therapeutic targets.
Regulatory stress testing and bank performance
Authors: Ahnert Lukas , Vogt Pascal , Vonhoff Volker , Weigert Florian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of stress testing results on banks’ equity and CDS performance using a large sample of 12 tests from the US CCAR and the European EBA regimes in the time period from 2010 to 2018. Passing banks experience positive abnormal equity returns and tighter CDS spreads, while failing banks show strong drops in equity prices and widening CDS spreads. We also document strong market reactions at the announcement date of the stress tests. We complement existing studies by investigating the predictability of stress test outcomes and evaluating strategic options for affected banks and investors.
Registries and databases—A European perspective
Authors: Ljung Rolf C. R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRegistries will enable cohort studies to be performed, which are usually considered to be the best quality of observational studies. The quality of data of registries can be increased if is it possible to merge results (‘crosstalk’) between registries. A prerequisite for that is an agreed uniform core set of data to be collected and uniform definitions on the items to be collected. This paper discusses problems and barriers with existing registries and provides recommendations from an EMA workshop (European Medicines Agency), for core common data sets and how to secure the quality of data collected. The PedNet registry including >2200 children with haemophilia is presented as an example of a registry/cohort study.
Pediatric Post‐Traumatic Headache and Implications for Return to Sport: A Narrative Review
Authors: Irwin Samantha L. , Kacperski Joanne , Rastogi Reena G. 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundHeadache attributed to mild traumatic injury of the head (aka: mild traumatic brain injury, mTBI), frequently abbreviated to Post‐Traumatic Headache (PTH), is one of the most common and disabling symptoms after a head injury. PTH often phenotypes to migraine. Evidence for treating PTH in the pediatric population is limited. Widely accepted guidelines do not exist to aid the clinician and there are currently no placebo‐controlled trials for the pharmacologic management of PTH in this age group. Recommendations for when to return a child or adolescent to sport if they develop and/or are being treated for persistent PTH (PPTH) are lacking. The objective of this narrative review is to review the implications of returning an adolescent with PPTH to sport.MethodsPediatric neurologists with special qualification in headache collaborated on this narrative review. Literature was searched up until Oct 2019 for articles pertaining to PTH, concussion, mTBI, and the return of a pediatric athlete to sport after mTBI. Article inclusion was at the discretion of the authors. There was author consensus regarding all recommendations made.ConclusionThe authors recommend that strict adherence to the guidelines that return to sport cannot occur until a child is symptom free at rest, off any medication, may be unreasonable in certain situations. Symptom stability is the proposed new concept for return to sport.