bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meningioma epigenetic grouping reveals biologic drivers and therapeutic vulnerabilities
Authors: Raleigh David , Magill Stephen , Eaton Charlotte , Prager Briana , Chen William , Seo Kyounghee , Lucas Calixto-Hope , Villanueva-Meyer Javier , Lam Tai-Chung , Pu Jenny Kan-Suen , Li Lai-Fung , Leung Gilberto Kai-Kit , Vasudevan Harish , Liu Siyuan , Chang Jason , Qiu Zhixin , Zhang Michael , Martin Michael , Susko Matthew , Braunstein Steve , Bush Nancy Ann Oberheim , Schulte Jessica , Butowski Nicolas , Sneed Penny , Berger Mitchell , Perry Arie , phillips joanna , Solomon David , Costello Joseph , McDermott Michael , Rich Jeremy N. , Choudhury Abrar 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Meningiomas arising from the meningothelial central nervous system lining are the most common primary intracranial tumors, and a significant cause of neurologic morbidity and mortality1. There are no effective medical therapies for meningioma patients2,3, and new treatments have been encumbered by limited understanding of meningioma biology. DNA methylation profiling provides robust classification of central nervous system tumors4, and can elucidate targets for molecular therapy5. Here we use DNA methylation profiling on 565 meningiomas integrated with genetic, transcriptomic, biochemical, and single-cell approaches to show meningiomas are comprised of 3 epigenetic groups with distinct clinical outcomes and biological features informing new treatments for meningioma patients. Merlin-intact meningiomas (group A, 34%) have the best outcomes and are distinguished by a novel apoptotic tumor suppressor function of NF2/Merlin. Immune-enriched meningiomas (group B, 38%) have intermediate outcomes and are distinguished by immune cell infiltration, HLA expression, and lymphatic vessels. Hypermitotic meningiomas (group C, 28%) have the worst outcomes and are distinguished by convergent genetic mechanisms misactivating the cell cycle. Consistently, we find cell cycle inhibitors block meningioma growth in cell culture, organoids, xenografts, and patients. Our results establish a framework for understanding meningioma biology, and provide preclinical rationale for new therapies to treat meningioma patients.
GaInP/GaAs three-terminal heterojunction bipolar transistor solar cell
Authors: Zehender Marius , Svatek Simon , Steiner Myles , Garcia Ivan , Linares Pablo , Warren Emily , Tamboli Adele , Martí Antonio , Antolín Elisa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We demonstrate a novel multijunction architecture, the heterojunction bipolar transistor solar cell (HBTSC), which exhibits the performance of a double-junction solar cell in a more compact npn (or pnp) semiconductor structure. The HBTSC concept has the advantages of being a three-terminal device, such as low spectral sensitivity and high tolerance to non-optimal band gap energies, while it reduces the fabrication and operation complexity with respect to other multi-terminal devices because, for example, it can produce independent power extraction from the two junctions without the need for extra layers for their isolation or inter-connection. The top and bottom junctions in our proof-of-concept HBTSC prototype, which is made of epitaxial GaInP/GaAs, exhibit independent current-voltage characteristics under AM1.5G illumination, with respective open-circuit voltages of 1.33 and 0.95 V. The voltage difference between the two junctions is notable considering that they share a thin (< 600 nm) GaInP layer which contributes to the photogeneration of both junctions. This can be explained by a gradient in the minority carrier quasi-Fermi level within the base layer, which is compatible with a high fill factor. We also offer a technological solution for contacting the intermediate layer and study the effect of series resistance on the device performance. The HBTSC opens a new perspective in the understanding of multi-junction devices and it is an excellent candidate for the application of low-cost fabrication techniques, and for the implementation of III-V on silicon tandems with parallel/series interconnection for high energy yield.
Safety and Efficacy of Hypofractionated Stereotactic Radiosurgery for High-Grade Gliomas&nbsp;at First Recurrence:&nbsp;A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Guan Yun , Xiong Ji , Pan Mingyuan , Shi Wenyin , Li Jing , Zhu Huaguang , Gong Xiu , Li Chao , Mei Guanghai , Liu Xiaoxia , Pan Li , Dai Jiazhong , Wang Yang , Wang Enmin , Wang Xin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The optimal treatment for recurrent high-grade gliomas (rHGG) remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of CyberKnife radiosurgery as a salvage treatment for in field recurrence of high-grade gliomas at first time.Methods: Between January 2016 and October 2019, seventy patients with rHGG undergone CyberKnife radiosurgery were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints included both progression-free survival (PFS) and adverse events which was according to Common Toxicity Criteria Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5. The prognostic value of key clinical features (age, performance status, planning target volume, dose, use of bevacizumab) were evaluated.Results: A total of 70 patients were included in the study. Forty patients were male and 30 were female. Forty-nine had an initial diagnosis of glioblastoma (GBM), and the rest (21) were confirmed to be WHO grade 3 gliomas. The median planning target volume (PTV) was 16.68 cm3 (0.81 – 121.96 cm3). The median prescribed dose was 24 Gy (12-30 Gy) in 4 fractions (2-6 fractions). Median baseline of Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) is 70 (40 - 90). With a median follow-up of 12.1 months, the median overall survival after salvage treatment was 17.6 months (19.5 and 14.6 months for grade 3 and 4 gliomas respectively; p = .039). No grade 3 or higher toxicities was recorded. Multivariate analysis showed that concurrent bevacizumab with radiosurgery and KPS>70 were favorable prognostic factors for grade 4 patients with HGG.Conclusions: Salvage CyberKnife radiosurgery showed a favorable outcome and acceptable toxicity for rHGG. A prospective phase II study (NCT04197492) is ongoing to further investigate the value of hypofractionated stereotactic radiosurgery (HSRS) in rHGG.
Predicting the Risk of Emergency Cesarean Delivery in Nulliparous Korean Women at Term
Authors: Wie Jeong Ha , Park Ji Hyun , Park Jae Young , Park Yong Gyu , Park In Yang , Ko Hyun Sun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background To develop a nomogram for identifying nulliparous women at high risk of unplanned cesarean delivery (CD) during labor at term pregnancyMethods This retrospective cohort study involves singleton pregnancies delivered between October 2008 and October 2017 at a tertiary center. We included nulliparous women at term conducting a trial of labor. We identified the risk factors for CD during labor based on logistic regression analysis and created a predictive nomogram. We assessed predictive performance with respect to calibration and validation using C-statics and calibration plot. Results Overall, a total of 3237 nulliparous women met our inclusion criteria and were randomly divided into a training set (n = 1618) and a validation set (n = 1619). The risk due to the five preselected parameters for emergent CD during labor was as follows: advanced maternal age [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.101; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.058-1.146], higher maternal height [aOR, 0.955; 95% CI 0.928-0.983], increasing BMI [aOR, 1.147; 95% CI 1.098-1.199], fetal head circumference [aOR, 1.116; 95% CI 0.976-1.276], and fetal abdominal circumference [aOR, 1.161; 95% CI 1.055-1.276]. A nomogram was developed to indicate the individual risk of emergency CD during labor, with excellent calibration and discriminative ability, and the C-indices were 0.714 and 0.703 in the training and validation sets, respectivelyConclusions We developed a validated nomogram using five variables to identify nulliparous Asian women at high risk for CD during labor at term pregnancy. This model might be useful for counseling of individual women at risk of CD and to modify the current management protocols.
High Temperature Superfluorescence in Methyl Ammonium Lead Iodide
Authors: Findik Gamze , Biliroglu Melike , Seyitliyev Dovletgeldi , Mendes Juliana , Barrette Andrew , Ardekani Hossein , Lei Lei , Dong Qi , So Franky , Gundogdu Kenan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Light-matter interactions can create and manipulate collective many-body phases in solids1-3, which are promising for the realization of emerging quantum applications. However, in most cases these collective quantum states are fragile, with a short decoherence and dephasing time, limiting their existence to precision tailored structures under delicate conditions such as cryogenic temperatures and/or high magnetic fields. In this work, we discovered that the archetypal hybrid perovskite, MAPbI3 thin films, exhibit such a collective coherent quantum many-body phase, namely superfluorescence, at 78 K and above. Pulsed laser excitation first creates a population of high energy electron-hole pairs, which quickly relax to lower energy domains and then develop a macroscopic quantum coherence through spontaneous synchronization. The excitation fluence dependence of the spectroscopic features and the population kinetics in such films unambiguously confirm all the well-known characteristics of superfluorescence. These results show that the creation and manipulation of collective coherent states in hybrid perovskites can be used as the basic building blocks for quantum applications4,5.
sGC Stimulators for Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Shi Xueli , Yu Xuejing , Wang Jinhui , Zhou Jianzhong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Oral sGC stimulators are novel treatments for heart failure (HF). Since individual studies are limited to confirm the efficacy and safety of sGC stimulators in patients with HF, we provide a meta-analysis based on published clinical randomized controlled trials. Methods Embase, PubMed, Cochrane and Medline were applied to search for randomized controlled trials (published before March 29, 2020 without language restrictions) by comparing oral sGC stimulators to placebos. Main endpoints were efficacy outcomes, including all-cause mortality, incidence of cardiovascular-events related death or hospitalization, alterations of EQ-5D index, and N-terminal (NT)-pro hormone BNP(NT-proBNP); and safety outcomes included incidence of serious adverse events (SAEs), symptomatic hypotension and syncope. Results Six trials were enrolled (N=6255 participants), sGC stimulators yielded a lower incidence of cardiovascular-events related death or hospitalization (OR=0.88, 95% CI=0.79 to 0.98), an improvement in EQ-5D scores (SMD=0.44, 95% CI=0.24 to 0.63), and a lower relative risk of SAEs (OR=0.90, 95% CI=0.81 to 1.00) compared with placebos. Furthermore, NT-proBNP was decreased by riociguat (SMD=-0.79, 95% CI=-1.10 to -0.49), but not by vericiguat (SMD=0.04, 95% CI=-0.18 to 0.25). There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality (OR=0.95, 95% CI=0.83 to 1.09), incidence of symptomatic hypotension (OR=1.15, 95% CI=0.95 to 1.40) and syncope (OR=1.15, 95% CI=0.87 to 1.53) between sGC stimulators and placebos. Conclusion Oral sGC stimulators may be beneficial for HF with a good tolerance, further studies are also needed to establish the optimal approach in clinical practice.
Deeper Understanding of the Mechanism Promoting Gall Formation of Zizania latifolia under Fenaminosulf Treatment
Authors: Li Fang , Zhang Juefeng , Zhong Haiying , Chen Jianming 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Zizania latifolia is a popular aquatic vegetable in China because of its enlarged edible stems resulting from persistent infection by a fungal endophyte, Ustilago esculenta. Fenaminosulf (FM) is a common fungicide and microbicide. In Z. latifolia fields, appropriate spraying of FM not just controls diseases, but also promotes an earlier harvest of Z. latifolia. In this study, we show that the timing of gall formation was advanced and the plant’s yield was increased significantly under a high concentration treatment of FM. Yet FM had a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of U. esculenta in vitro, while the transcript levels of some growth-related genes were all substantially downregulated. Through a transcriptome analysis, we found that FM directly affected the growth of Z. latifolia by altering the expression level of genes involved in plant-pathogen interactions, plant hormone signal transduction, and some metabolism pathways. By contrast, FM had little effect on U. esculenta growing inside of Z. latifolia. Taken together, these results provide a more in-depth understanding of the molecular processes that promote gall formation in Z. latifolia, while also identifying potential targets for genetic manipulation to improve the yield and quality of Z. latifolia, in a safer and more effective way.
Significant Fluctuation in the Global Sulfate Reservoir and Oceanic Redox State During the Late Devonian Mass Extinction
Authors: Cai Chunfang , Xu Chenlu , Fakhraee Mojtaba , Chen Daizhao , Li Kaikai , Jiang Lei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Sulfate plays an important role in the biosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and lithosphere, and its concentration might have fluctuated greatly throughout the Earth’s history, in response to perturbations in the ocean-atmosphere system. Coupling high-resolution experimental results with an inverse modeling approach, we, here, show an unprecedented dynamic in the global sulfate reservoir during the Frasnian-Famennian (F-F) mass extinction, as one of the “Big five” Phanerozoic biotic crises. Notably, our results indicate that, in a relatively short time scale (~ 200 thousand years), seawater sulfate concentration would have dropped from several mM before the Upper Kellwasser Horizon (UKH) to a few hundreds of µM or perhaps lower at the dawn and during the UKH (more than 100 times lower than the modern level), and returned to around mM range after the event. The extremely low oceanic sulfate concentrations during the UKH would have enhanced the biological production of methane, leading to an increase in the methane efflux from the ocean and a warmer climate. Taken together, our findings indicate that the instability in the global sulfate reservoir may have played a major role in driving the Phanerozoic biological crises.
Metagenomic Analysis of Rhizosphere Microbiome Provides Insights Into Occurrence of Iron Deficiency Chlorosis in Field of Asian Pears
Authors: Jia Bing , Chang Xiao , Fu Yuanyuan , Heng Wei , Ye Zhenfeng , Liu Pu , Liu Li , Shoffe Yosef Al , Watkins Christopher , Zhu Liwu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Fe-deficiency chlorosis (FDC) of Asian pear plants is widespread, but little is known about the association between the bacterial biogeography in the rhizosphere soil and leaf chlorosis. The leaf mineral concentration, leaf subcellular structure, soil physiochemical properties, and bacterial species community and distribution have been analyzed. The total Fe in leaves with Fe-deficiency was positively correlated with total K, Mg, S, Cu, Zn, Mo and Cl contents, but no differences of available Fe (AFe) were detected between the rhizosphere soil of chlorotic and normal plants. Degraded ribosomes and degraded thylakloid stacks in chloroplast were observed in chlorotic leaves. Bacterial community and distribution patterns in the rhizosphere soil of chlorotic plants were distinct from those of normal plants and the relative abundance and microbiome diversity were more stable in the rhizosphere soils of normal than in chlorotic plants. Water-impermeable tables reduce the soil aeration, inhibit root growth, and cause some absorption root death from infection by Fusarium solani. The rhizosphere soils of FDC plants have distinct composition, lower relative abundance, and unstable diversity of microbiome. Higher amounts of AFe in the rhizosphere soil of chlorotic plants demonstrated it was the Fe uptake that caused FDC in this study.
Antidiabetic and anti-obesity acylated flavonol diglucoside from Ammannia baccifera L. subsp. aegyptiaca (Willd.) Koehne Waste
Authors: Swilam Noha , Nawwar Mahmoud , Radwan Rasha , Mostafa Eman 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Ammania aegyptiaca ethanol extract (AEEE) revealed significant high concentrations of polyphenols and flavonoids content with notable antioxidant activity in DPPH, ORAC, and reducing power assay. New acylated diglucoside flavonol myricetin 3-O-β-4­C1-(6"-O-galloyl glucopyranoside) 7-O-β-4C1-glucopyranoside (MGGG) was isolated from aerial parts of AEEE along with four additional known phenolics, not characterized previously from AEEE. Moreover, powerful inhibitory effects of MGGG, AEEE, and all isolates against α-amylase, pancreatic lipase and β-glucosidase, were assessed. In addition, flexible molecular docking was used to reveal the inhibition towards digestive enzymes and confirmed that the MGGG interacted strongly with the active site residues of these enzymes with the highest binding free energy against β-glucosidase (DG=-8.98 kcal/mol) compared to the commercial drug Acarbose, thus justifying its dual management of diabetes and obesity. In streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats, AEEE significantly decreased high serum glucose, α-amylase activity, liver and kidney function markers and increased insulin level. Moreover, it improved lipid profile due to diabetes with increased SOD activity and inhibited of TBARS formation. Consequently, AEEE and MGGG are found useful in controlling the secondary complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Histopathological studies proved the decrease in the pancreas damage and agreed with the biochemical findings. These results provide evidence that AEEE and MGGG have potent antidiabetic activity, which warrants additional investigations.
Risk Factors Related Balance Disorder for Patients With Dizziness/Vertigo
Authors: Cao Zhentang , Zhu Cuiting , Zhou Yanan , Wang Yan , Chen Meimei , Ju Yi , Zhao Xingquan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: When dizziness/vertigo patients presented with balance disorder, it will bring severe morbidity. There is currently lack of research to explore risk factor related balance disorder in dizziness patients, especially in those who walk independently.Aim: To investigate risk factors related balance disorder in dizziness/vertigo patients who walk independently.Methods: Medical data of 1002 dizziness/vertigo patients registered in vertigo/balance disorder registration database were reviewed. The demographic data, medical history, and risk factors for atherosclerosis (AS) were collected. Enrolled dizziness/vertigo patients could walk independently, completed Romberg test, videonystagmography (VNG), and limits of stability (LOS). The subjective imbalance was patient complained of postural symptom when performing Romberg test (whether eyes open or close). Multivariable logistic regression analyzed risk factors related balance disorder. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve evaluated the utility of regression model.Results: 553 dizziness/vertigo patients who walk independently were included in the final analysis. According to LOS, patients were divided into 334 (60%) normal balance and 219 (40%) balance disorder. Compared with normal balance, patients with balance disorder were older (P=0.045) and had more risk factors for AS (P＜0.0001). The regression showed that risk factors for AS (OR 1.494, 95% CI 1.198-1.863), subjective imbalance (OR 4.835, 95% CI 3.047-7.673), and abnormality of optokinetic nystagmus (OR 8.308, 95% CI 1.576-43.789) were related to balance disorder. The sensitivity and specificity of model were 71% and 63% (P＜0.0001). The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.721.Conclusions: Risk factors for AS, subjective imbalance, and abnormality of optokinetic nystagmus were predictors for balance disorder in patients with dizziness/vertigo who walk independently.
Simultaneous Electrochemical Oxidation of Methylene Blue and Reduction of CO2&nbsp;using CNTs/CF Electrodes
Authors: Luan Nhat Huy , Yang Yu-Ting , Chang Chiung-Fen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Simultaneous degradation of methylene blue (MB) and reduction of CO2 by electrochemical process using CNTs/CF electrodes have been performed in various supporting electrolytes and applied current conditions in this study. The CNTs/CF electrodes have been successfully synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method and employed as both cathode and anode in a two-compartment electrochemical cell. The synthesized electrodes were characterized by SEM and FTIR. The electrochemical oxidation efficiency of CNTs/CF electrodes in the anodic cell was evaluated using MB as model compound under electrolytes of H2SO4 and KHCO3 and applied currents of 10, 50 and 100 mA. The electrochemical reduction activity of CNTs/CF electrodes in the cathodic cell was assessed by the conversion of CO2 into CO and oxalic acid, and the generation of H2 under electrolytes of Na2SO4 and KHCO3 and a fixed applied current of 50 mA. The degradation kinetics of MB followed the pseudo-first-order model and the degradation efficiency was significantly affected by applied current rather than the sort of electrolyte under optimum condition. The optimal applied current can promote the high enough production of oxidant but also avoid electrode damage. The synthesized electrode of CNTs/CF combined with the electrochemical systems developed in this study provide a good solution for the simultaneous electrochemical oxidation of organic pollutants and reduction of CO2 to CO to yield H2 and CO, in which reaches the dual benefits of reduction of environmental hazards and production of green energy.
Integrated Metabolic Profiling and Gene Expression Analysis Reveals Therapeutic Modalities in Breast Cancer
Authors: Liao Chengheng , Glodowski Cherise Ryan , Fan Cheng , Liu Juan , Mott Kevin Raynard , Locasale Jason , McBrayer Samuel K , DeBerardinis Ralph , Perou Charles , Zhang Qing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Metabolic dysregulation is one of the distinctive features in breast cancer. However, examining the metabolic features in various subtypes of breast cancer in their relationship to gene expression features in a physiologically relevant setting remains understudied. By performing metabolic profiling on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and ER+ breast cancers from patients, TNBC patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), and representative breast cancer cell lines grown as tumors in vivo, we identify two distinctive groups defined by metabolites; a “Nucleotide-Enriched” group that shows high levels of pyrimidine pathway metabolites and biosynthetic enzymes, and a “Arginine Biosynthesis-Enriched” group that shows high levels of arginine biosynthesis intermediates. We reveal different metabolic enrichment profiles between cell lines grown in vitro versus in vivo, where cell lines grown in vivo more faithfually recapitulate patient tumors metabolic profiles. In addition, with integrated metabolic and gene expression profiling we identify a subset of genes that strongly correlates with the Nucleotide-Enriched metabolic profile, and which strongly predicts patient prognosis. As a proof-of-principle, when we target Nucleotide-Enriched metabolic dysregulation with a pyrimidine biosynthesis inhibitor (Brequinar), and/or a glutaminase inhibitor (CB-839), we observe therapeutic efficacy and decreased tumor growth in representative TNBC cell lines and an in vivo PDX upon combinatorial drug treatment. Our study reveals new therapeutic opportunities in breast cancer guided by a genomic biomarker, which could prove highly impactful for rapidly proliferating breast cancers specifically.