bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symbiotic cooperation between freshwater rock-boring bivalves and microorganisms promotes silicate bioerosion
Authors: Daval Damien , Guyot François , Bolotov Ivan N. , Vikhrev Ilya V. , Kondakov Alexander V. , Lyubas Artem A. , Bychkov Andrey Y. , Yapaskurt Vasily O. , Cabié Martiane , Pokrovsky Oleg S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBioerosion is a process with a high socio-economic impact that contributes to coastal retreat, and likely to increase with climate change. Whereas limestone bioerosion is well explained by a combination of mechanical and chemical pathways, the bioerosion mechanisms of silicates, which are harder and chemically more resistant, remain elusive. Here we investigated the interface between siltstone and freshwater rock-boring bivalves Lignopholas fluminalis (Bivalvia: Pholadidae). Remains of a microbial biofilm were observed only in the poorly consolidated part of the rock within the macroborings created by bivalves. Secondary Mn-bearing minerals identified in the biofilm suggest that microbes promoted silicate rock weathering by dissolving Mn-rich chlorites. Moreover, hard mineral debris found in a biofilm attached to the shells likely contributed to the abrasion of the rock substrate. Thus, beyond the classical view of chemical and/or mechanical action(s) of macroborers, silicate bioerosion may also be facilitated by an unexpected synergistic association between macro- and microorganisms.
Network-based modeling of drug effects on disease module in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Kim Ki-Jo , Moon Su-Jin , Park Kyung-Su , Tagkopoulos Ilias 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe network-based proximity between drug targets and disease genes can provide novel insights regarding the repercussions, interplay, and repositioning of drugs in the context of disease. Current understanding and treatment for reversing of the fibrotic process is limited in systemic sclerosis (SSc). We have developed a network-based analysis for drug effects that takes into account the human interactome network, proximity measures between drug targets and disease-associated genes, genome-wide gene expression and disease modules that emerge through pertinent analysis. Currently used and potential drugs showed a wide variation in proximity to SSc-associated genes and distinctive proximity to the SSc-relevant pathways, depending on their class and targets. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TyKIs) approach disease gene through multiple pathways, including both inflammatory and fibrosing processes. The SSc disease module includes the emerging molecular targets and is in better accord with the current knowledge of the pathophysiology of the disease. In the disease-module network, the greatest perturbing activity was shown by nintedanib, followed by imatinib, dasatinib, and acetylcysteine. Suppression of the SSc-relevant pathways and alleviation of the skin fibrosis was remarkable in the inflammatory subsets of the SSc patients receiving TyKI therapy. Our results show that network-based drug-disease proximity offers a novel perspective into a drug’s therapeutic effect in the SSc disease module. This could be applied to drug combinations or drug repositioning, and be helpful guiding clinical trial design and subgroup analysis.
Up-regulation of CXCL8 expression is associated with a poor prognosis and enhances tumor cell malignant behaviors in liver cancer
Authors: Yang Song , Wang Han , Qin Chundi , Sun Hongmei , Han Yupeng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
CXCL8, a member of CXC chemokines, was constitutively expressed in many types of human cancers, and its overexpression has been shown to play a critical role in promoting tumorigenesis. The purpose of the present study was to determine CXCL8 expression in a commercial human liver tissue microarray, and elucidate the effects and underlying mechanisms by which CXCL8 is involved in the malignant progression of human liver cancer. Our data showed that high level expression of CXCL8 in tissues with liver cancer was identified as compared with non-cancer tissues, and its up-regulation was closely associated with clinical stage and tumor infiltration. In vitro, exogenous CXCL8 at concentrations of 10, 20 or 40 ng/ml obviously stimulated the proliferation abilities of HepG2 cells. Coupled with this, 10, 20 or 40 ng/ml of exogenous CXCL8 also triggered a significant elevation in HepG2 cells migration. Additionally, overexpression of CXCL8 in HepG2 cells also resulted in increased cell proliferation and migration capacities. Finally, Western blotting analysis showed that overexpression of CXCL8 increased the expression of ERK, p-ERK and survivin, decreased the expression of caspase-3 and BAX at protein level.
Factors Influencing Initiation of Pharyngeal Swallow in Healthy Adults
Authors: Bhutada Ankita M. , Dey Rajarshi , Martin-Harris Bonnie , (Focht) Garand Kendrea L. 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate factors influencing the initiation of pharyngeal swallow (IPS) in healthy, nondysphagic adults.

Method
A total of 195 healthy participants ranging in age from 21 to 89 years participated in a modified barium swallow study. IPS was quantified using the Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile standardized scoring system across nine swallowing tasks observed in the lateral viewing plane for each participant.

Results
Large variability for bolus head location at time of hyoid burst (IPS) was observed within this healthy cohort, ranging from the ramus of the mandible to the pyriform sinuses. Significant effects of bolus volume, viscosity, sex, and race were also observed.

Conclusion
Study findings indicate that IPS is variable in healthy adults and influenced by volume, viscosity, sex, and race. Thus, variability in IPS may be considered typical in otherwise nondysphagic adults. The clinical significance of high Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile IPS scores in dysphagic patients, therefore, must be considered within the context of other swallowing impairments.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12735935
The Impact of Communication Modality on Voice Production
Authors: Tracy Lauren F. , Segina Roxanne K. , Cadiz Manuel Diaz , Stepp Cara E. 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
Communicating remotely using audio and audiovisual technology is ubiquitous in modern work and social environments. Remote communication is increasing in medicine and in voice therapy delivery, and this evolution may have an impact on speakers' voices. This study sought to determine whether these communication modalities impact the voice production of typical speakers.

Method
The speech acoustics of 12 participants with healthy voices were recorded as they held standardized conversations with a single investigator using three communication modalities: in-person, remote-audio, and remote-audiovisual. Participants rated their vocal effort on a 100-mm visual analog scale.

Results
Compared to in-person communication, self-ratings of vocal effort were statistically significantly increased for remote-audiovisual communication; vocal effort during remote-audio and in-person communication were not significantly different. In comparison to in-person communication, vocal intensity and smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS) were statistically significantly higher during remote-audio and remote-audiovisual communication. Effect sizes for CPPS changes were larger than for sound pressure level (SPL), and changes in CPPS and SPL between in-person and remote-audiovisual communication were not significantly correlated.

Conclusions
Vocal effort and SPL were increased when using remote-audio and remote-audiovisual communication in comparison to in-person communication. Voice quality was also impacted by technology use, with changes in CPPS that were consistent with, but not fully explained by, increases in SPL. This may impact the telepractice delivery of voice therapy, and further investigation is warranted.
Carbon monoxide formation and cooling in supernovae
Authors: Liljegren S. , Jerkstrand A. , Grumer J. 
Published: August 2020

Context. The inclusion of molecular physics is an important piece that tends to be missing from the puzzle when modeling the spectra of supernovae (SNe). Molecules have both a direct impact on the spectra, particularly in the infrared, and an indirect one as a result of their influence on certain physical conditions, such as temperature.
Aims. In this paper, we aim to investigate molecular formation and non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) cooling, with a particular focus on CO, the most commonly detected molecule in supernovae. We also aim to determine the dependency of supernova chemistry on physical parameters and the relative sensitivity to rate uncertainties.
Methods. We implemented a chemical kinetic description of the destruction and formation of molecules into the SN spectral synthesis code SUMO. In addition, selected molecules were coupled into the full NLTE level population framework and, thus, we incorporated molecular NLTE cooling into the temperature equation. We produced a test model of the CO formation in SN 1987A between 150 and 600 days and investigated the sensitivity of the resulting molecular masses to the input parameters.
Results. We find that there is a close inter-dependency between the thermal evolution and the amount of CO formed, mainly through an important temperature-sensitive CO destruction process with O+. After a few hundred days, CO completely dominates the cooling of the oxygen-carbon zone of the supernova which, therefore, contributes little optical emission. The uncertainty of the calculated CO mass scales approximately linearly with the typical uncertainty factor for individual rates. We demonstrate how molecular masses can potentially be used to constrain various physical parameters of the supernova.
Therapie des SLE 2020: aktueller Stand nach den EULAR-Empfehlungen
2019
Authors: Mucke Johanna , Fischer-Betz Rebecca 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Veröffentlichung der neuen ACR/EULAR Klassifikationskriterien
für den systemischen Lupus erythematodes (SLE) und die Überarbeitung der
EULAR-Empfehlungen zum Management des SLE im vergangenen Jahr beinhalten viele wichtige
Neuerungen, die die Klassifikation und Versorgung von Lupus-Patienten verändern
werden. Dies bezieht sich sowohl auf generelle Grundprinzipien der Versorgung sowie auf
konkrete Therapieempfehlungen. So kann ein SLE erst als solcher klassifiziert werden, wenn
antinukleäre Antikörper (ANA) unabhängig von Titer-Höhe
und Fluoreszenzmuster nachgewiesen werden können. Sind ANA nachgewiesen, erhalten
Lupus-spezifische Symptome und serologische Auffälligkeiten einen Punktwert. Ab
einem Wert von 10 kann ein SLE-Patient als solcher klassifiziert werden. Im Hinblick auf
die Versorgung von SLE-Patienten sollte jede Therapie ganz im Sinne eines treat-to-target
Ansatzes mit dem Ziel der Remission verfolgt werden. Dies dient der Sicherung des
Langzeitüberlebens, der Reduktion von Schaden sowie der Verbesserung von
Lebensqualität. Erreicht werden diese Ziele durch konsequente Therapie und
regelmäßige Evaluation der Krankheitsaktivität. So sollen alle
Patienten bei Abwesenheit von Kontraindikationen Antimalariamittel erhalten. Bei
unzureichendem Ansprechen werden Steroidpulse über wenige Tage sowie der
frühzeitige Einsatz von Immunsuppressiva (IM) empfohlen. Die einzelnen IM und ihre
jeweiligen Indikationen sind im Text aufgeführt. Mit dem Einbezug von Biologika,
insbesondere Belimumab und Rituximab, haben außerdem nun ganz neue Substanzklassen
Einzug in die Empfehlungen gefunden.
Efficacy and Safety of Stereotactic Radiotherapy in Cushing’s Disease: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Apaydin Tugce , Ozkaya Hande Mefkure , Durmaz Sebnem Memis , Meral Rasim , Kadioglu Pinar 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective To determine the efficacy and safety of stereotactic radiotherapy (RT) in patients with Cushing’s disease (CD).
Methods The study included 38 patients [31 patients who
received gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) and 7 patients who received
cyberknife hypofractionated RT (HFRT)] with CD. Hormonal remission was
considered if the patient had suppressed cortisol levels after low dose
dexamethasone, normal 24-hour urinary free cortisol (UFC), and lack or
regression of clinical features.
Results Biochemical control after RT was observed in
52.6% of the patients with CD and median time to hormonal remission
was 15 months. Tumor size control was obtained in all of the patients. There
was no significant relationship between remission rate and laboratory,
radiological and pathological variables except for preoperative UFC.
Remission rate was higher in patients with lower preoperative UFC. Time to
remission increased in parallel to postoperative cortisol and 1mg DST level.
Although medical therapy before RT did not affect the rate of- and time to
remission, medical therapy after RT prolonged the time to hormonal
remission.
Conclusion In this current single center experience,
postoperative cortisol and 1mg DST levels were found as the determinants of
time to remission. Although medical therapy before RT did not affect the
rate of- and time to remission, medical therapy after RT prolonged the time
to biochemical control . This latter finding might suggest a radioprotective
effect of cortisol lowering medication use on peri-RT period.
Comparison of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy versus fine-needle aspiration for genomic profiling and DNA yield in pancreatic cancer: a randomized crossover trial
Authors: Kandel Pujan , Nassar Aziza , Gomez Victoria , Raimondo Massimo , Woodward Timothy A. , Crook Julia E. , Fares Natalie S. , Wallace Michael B. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background National guidelines recommend genomic profiling of tumor tissue to guide precision therapy. We compared the specimen adequacy for genomic profiling and yield of DNA between endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle biopsy (FNB) and EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA).
Methods In our tandem, randomized controlled trial, consecutive patients undergoing EUS for evaluation of pancreatic masses underwent both conventional EUS-FNA with a 25-gauge needle and paired EUS-FNB (19 or 22-gauge needle), with the order randomized (EUS-FNA first followed by EUS-FNB, or vice versa). A minimum of one pass with each needle was obtained for histology. Second and third passes were performed to collect DNA. Specimens were evaluated by a cytopathologist blinded to the needle type. Specimen adequacy for genomic profiling was calculated based on FoundationOne clinical diagnostic (CDx) adequacy requirements. We compared the adequacy for genomic profiling DNA (quantity) and histology yields with both needles.
Results Analysis included 50 patients (25 men; mean age 68 [standard deviation (SD) 13] years), with a mean lesion size of 38 (SD 17) mm; 37 lesions (74 %) were pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The mean DNA concentrations in PDAC by FNB and FNA needles were 5.930 (SD 0.881) µg/mL vs. 3.365 (SD 0.788) µg/mL, respectively (P = 0.01). The median standardized histology score per pass with EUS-FNB was 5 (sufficient for histology) and for EUS-FNA was 2 (enough for cytology). Specimen adequacy for genomic profiling and yield of DNA was significantly higher with FNB than with FNA needles.
Conclusions In this study, adequacy for genomic profiling, DNA, and histology yield were considerably superior using an EUS-FNB needle compared with an EUS-FNA needle.
Proenkephalin+regulatory T cells expanded by ultraviolet B exposure maintain skin homeostasis with a healing function
Authors: Shime Hiroaki , Odanaka Mizuyu , Tsuiji Makoto , Matoba Takuma , Imai Masaki , Yasumizu Yoshiaki , Uraki Ryuta , Minohara Kiyoshi , Watanabe Maiko , Bonito Anthony John , Fukuyama Hidehiro , Ohkura Naganari , Sakaguchi Shimon , Morita Akimichi , Yamazaki Sayuri 
Published: August 2020

SignificanceRegulatory T (Treg) cells, expressing CD25 and Foxp3, constitute about 5 to 10% of peripheral CD4+T cells and maintain immunological self-tolerance through the suppression of various immune responses. Here we found that skin Treg cells expanded by UVB exposure possess a unique TCR repertoire and a healing function. UVB-expanded skin Treg (UVB-skin Treg) cells expressed proenkephalin (PENK), an endogenous opioid precursor, and amphiregulin (AREG), the epidermal growth factor receptor ligand. The Treg-derived PENK and AREG promoted keratinocyte outgrowth in a skin explant assay. Moreover, UVB-expanded skin Treg cells played a key role in promoting wound healing in vivo. Our results provide a new implication in developing a therapy using PENK+UVB-skin Treg cells.
Genesis and spread of multiple reassortants during the 2016/2017 H5 avian influenza epidemic in Eurasia
Authors: Lycett Samantha J. , Pohlmann Anne , Staubach Christoph , Caliendo Valentina , Woolhouse Mark , Beer Martin , Kuiken Thijs ,   Global Consortium for H5N8 and Related Influenza Viruses, Lycett Samantha J. , Pohlmann Anne , Staubach Christoph , Caliendo Valentina , van Borm Steven , Breed Andrew , Briand Francois-Xavier , Brown Ian , Dán Ádám , DeLiberto Thomas , von Dobschuetz Sophie , Fouchier Ron , Gilbert Marius , Hill Sarah , Hjulsager Charlotte Kristiane , Ip Hon , Koopmans Marion , Larsen Lars Erik , Lee Dong-Hun , Naguib Mahmoud Mohamed , Monne Isabella , Pybus Oliver , Ramey Andrew , Savic Vladimir , Sharshov Kirill , Shestopalov Alexander , Song Chang-Seon , Steensels Mieke , Swayne David , Świętoń Edyta , Wan XiuFeng , Zohari Siamak , Woolhouse Mark , Beer Martin , Kuiken Thijs 
Published: August 2020

SignificanceIn 2016/2017, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus of the subtype H5 spilled over into wild birds and caused the largest known HPAI epidemic in Europe, affecting poultry and wild birds. During its spread, the virus frequently exchanged genetic material (reassortment) with cocirculating low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses. To determine where and when these reassortments occurred, we analyzed Eurasian avian influenza viruses and identified a large set of H5 HPAI reassortants. We found that new genetic material likely came from wild birds across their migratory range and from domestic ducks not only in China, but also in central Europe. This knowledge is important to understand how the virus could adapt to wild birds and become established in wild bird populations.
Nanodiamond ensemble-based temperature measurement in living cells and its limitations
Authors: An Haechan , Yin Zechuan , Mitchell Chandler , Semnani Abbas , Hajrasouliha Amir R , Hosseini Mahdi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We consider incubation of nanodiamonds (NDs) in endothelial culture cells as a way to measure their temperature with sub-Kelvin sensitivity. We discuss limitations of ND temperature sensing in living cells, how to overcome the limitations and potential applications of such measurements.
A fast and robust algorithm for general defocusing particle tracking
Authors: Rossi Massimiliano , Barnkob Rune 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The increasing use of microfluidics in industrial, biomedical, and clinical applications requires a more and more precise control of the microfluidic flows and suspended particles or cells. This leads to higher demands in three-dimensional and automated particle tracking methods, e.g. for use in feedback-control systems. General defocusing particle tracking (GDPT) is a 3D particle tracking method based on defocused particle images which is easy to use and requires standard laboratory equipment. In this work, we describe in detail a fast and robust algorithm for performing GDPT, which is suitable for automatized and real-time applications. Its key feature is a fast, segmentation-free approach to identify particles and estimate their 3D position. This detection step is followed by a refinement and iteration step to improve accuracy and identification of overlapping particles. We show that the algorithm is versatile and can be applied to different types of images (darkfield and brightfield). We use synthetic image sets of varying particle concentration to evaluate the performance of the algorithm in terms of detected depth coordinate uncertainty, particle detection rate, and processing time. The algorithm is applied and validated on experimental images showing that it is robust towards background or illumination fluctuations. Finally, to test the algorithm on real-time applications, we use synthetic images to set up a simulation framework with experimentally-relevant parameters and where the true particle positions are known.
Determination of the coefficient of rolling friction of a hollow
cylinder rolling on a curved track using a smartphone’s
sensors
Authors: Laotreephet Pimpakarn , Khemmani Supitch , Puttharugsa Chokchai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper demonstrated a simple experiment for determining the coefficient of
rolling friction of a hollow cylinder rolling on a curved track using a
smartphone’s sensors. We studied theoretically and experimentally the
rolling motion of a hollow cylinder uncovered and covered with various materials
(synthetic leather and sponge sheets). The smartphone (iPhone 4s) was attached
to the end of the hollow cylinder for recording the angular position and angular
velocity via the Rolling Cylinder application. The results showed that the
coefficient of rolling friction depends on the velocity of the hollow cylinder.
We expect that the experiment can be an alternative method for determining the
coefficient of rolling friction and will help students better understand rolling
motion.
Anatomically-adaptive multi-modal image registration for image-guided external-beam radiotherapy
Authors: Zachiu C , Denis de Senneville B , Willigenburg T , Voort van Zyp J R N , de Boer J C J , Raaymakers B W , Ries M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) allows observation of the location and shape of the tumor and organs-at-risk (OAR) over the course of a radiation cancer treatment. Such information may in turn be used for reducing geometric uncertainties during therapeutic planning, dose delivery and response assessment. However, given the multiple imaging modalities and/or contrasts potentially included within the imaging protocol over the course of the treatment, the current manual approach to determining tissue displacement may become time-consuming and error prone. In this context, variational multi-modal deformable image registration (DIR) algorithms allow automatic estimation of tumor and OAR deformations across the acquired images. In addition, they require short computational times and a low number of input parameters, which is particularly beneficial for online adaptive applications, which require on-the-fly adaptions with the patient on the treatment table.
However, the majority of such DIR algorithms assume that all structures across the entire field-of-view (FOV) undergo a similar deformation pattern. Given that various anatomical structures may behave considerably different, this may lead to the estimation of anatomically implausible deformations at some locations, thus limiting their validity. Therefore, in this paper we propose an anatomically-adaptive variational multi-modal DIR algorithm, which employs a regionalized registration model in accordance with the local underlying anatomy. The algorithm was compared against two existing methods which employ global assumptions on the estimated deformations patterns.
Compared to the existing approaches, the proposed method has demonstrated an improved anatomical plausibility of the estimated deformations over the entire FOV as well as displaying overall higher accuracy. Moreover, despite the more complex registration model, the proposed approach is very fast and thus suitable for online scenarios. Therefore, future adaptive IGRT workflows may benefit from an anatomically-adaptive registration model for precise contour propagation and dose accumulation, in areas showcasing considerable variations in anatomical properties.