bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of survivin and p53 genes in patients with alopecia areata: A case–control study
Authors: Marie Radwa El‐ Sayed Mahmoud , Abd El‐ Fadeal Noha M , Atef Lina M 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlopecia areata is a common non‐scarring hair loss disorder. It has been generally recognised as a loss of immune privilege leading to an autoimmune attack upon anagen hair follicles. Survivin is one of the apoptosis inhibitor proteins, responsible for apoptosis suppression and cell cycle regulation. Survivin expression has been demonstrated in the matrix and outer root sheath keratinocytes of anagen hair follicles. Survivin overexpression was shown in several autoimmune diseases, and it was postulated that it contributes to the survival of self‐reactive T and B cells. P53 is a tumour suppressor gene that was suggested to repress autoimmunity via induction of T regulatory cells. Survivin gene expression is transcriptionally suppressed by wild‐type p53.AimThe aim of this study was to investigate survivin and p53 genes expression in alopecia areata patients.MethodsThe mRNA tissue expression of survivin and p53 was measured by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction in lesional and non‐lesional punch scalp biopsies of 25 alopecia areata patients and 25 healthy subjects.ResultsThe study showed higher mRNA expression of survivin in lesional biopsies compared to non‐lesional (P < 0.001) and control biopsies (P = 0.001). In non‐lesional biopsies, the expression was significantly lower than in control biopsies (P < 0.001). The expression of p53 was lower in both lesional and non‐lesional biopsies relative to control biopsies. However, the difference was only significant in non‐lesional biopsies (P = 0.017).ConclusionOur results suggested that survivin and p53 genes expression was altered in patients with alopecia areata.
Serum level of S100B in vitiligo patients: Is it a marker of disease activity?
Authors: Badran Aya Y. , Gomaa Ahmed Shawky , El‐Mahdy Reham I , El Zohne Randa Ahmed , Kamal Dalia Tarik , Abou‐Taleb Doaa A.E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundVitiligo is a chronic depigmentary skin disorder, characterised clinically by the development of white macules and or patches caused by loss of epidermal melanocytes. S100B is a dual function protein released from epidermal melanocytes in response to injury. It considered a possible marker of disease activity in both malignant melanoma and vitiligo.Aim of the studyTo estimate the serum level of S100B level in vitiligo patients and correlate its level with disease activity and various disease parameters.Patients and methodsSixty vitiligo patients and 60 healthy volunteers as controls were included in the study. Vitiligo Area Severity Index (VASI) and Vitiligo Disease Activity (VIDA) scores were estimated for each patient. Quantitative assessment of S100B level using ELISA technique was done for all participants.ResultsS100B level was significantly correlated with the presence of vitiligo (P = 0.01), while it showed no correlation with the disease activity using VASI or VIDA scores. As regards the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of S100B for diagnosis and discrimination of vitiligo, serum S100B showed area under the curve (AUC) of 0.781 with 73.3% sensitivity and 80% specificity.ConclusionThe serum level of S100B was related to the presence of vitiligo, but its level did not show any relation to the disease activity using either VASI and VIDA scores or various disease parameters.
The first eight months of Sweden’s COVID‐19 strategy and the key actions and actors that were involved
Authors: Ludvigsson Jonas F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimCOVID‐19 has affected millions of people worldwide. This paper reviews the Swedish pandemic response.MethodsA narrative review was carried out and a timeline constructed.ResultsBy September 1, 2020, 0.8% of Swedish residents had tested positive for the virus and 0.06% of the population had died, which was higher than neighbouring Nordic countries, but lower than some European countries with general lockdowns. The main actors were the Public Health Agency, the National Board of Health and Welfare, the Civil Contingencies Agency and the Government. County councils and regions implemented policies, in conjunction with the Department of Education and county administrative boards. Sweden's response was less invasive than many other countries, with no general lockdown. It focused on mitigation: slowing, but not stopping, the pandemic. Physical distancing was recommended in public spaces, but mandatory in bars, restaurants and at events. Visits to nursing facilities were banned. Kindergartens and schools for children up to 16 stayed open, but closed for older children for three months. There were no enforced quarantines for infected households or geographical regions, and facemasks were not recommended outside health care.ConclusionSweden chose a different pandemic strategy to its peer nations. This paper examines the first eight months.
Pre‐service teachers’ perceptions of social media data privacy policies
Authors: Marín Victoria I. , Carpenter Jeffrey P. , Tur Gemma 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMatters of data privacy related to social media are increasingly relevant for educators as happenings such as the 2018 Cambridge Analytica scandal have attracted public attention. Many educators use social media for professional purposes, including with their students and should, therefore, be knowledgeable regarding data privacy issues that impact education. This research explores this issue from an interpretive paradigm based on a mixed‐methods approach derived from survey data from an international sample of 148 pre‐service teachers who were studying education courses at three universities. Data suggest that pre‐service teachers see both educational and distracting potential in social media, but lack knowledge regarding relevant policies and regulations, which reflects trends in the broader population. Attitudes toward educational social media use were not correlated with awareness of data privacy policies. However, comfort with companies’ use of personal and student data and faith in governments’ capacity to regulate social media companies were correlated. We discuss our findings in relation to the use of social media and related data privacy considerations and the need for data literacy training in teacher education programs. We include recommendations in light of the findings.
The Dissensual Everyday: Between Daily Life and Exceptional Acts in Beirut, Lebanon
Authors: Musallam Fuad 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn discussing how people make political use of public space from below, recent writings either emphasize the repurposing of monumental spaces, like Tahrir Square, or else look to how the poor and marginal produce facts on the ground through their everyday interactions without explicit political intentions. In the Hamra neighborhood of Lebanon’s capital, Beirut, the daily life of politicized youth was, in the years following the Arab Spring uprisings, something more than passivity and something less than constant avowed resistance. Through their dissensual everyday inhabitation they made Hamra a compelling political site that was good to fight for and in which it was good to fight. Building on attempts to affirm possibility in anthropological engagements with urban life and political activism, I suggest that such spaces, containing an experiential, embodied, and enspaced memory of radical engagements, can maintain political actors in the face of defeat and setback, and provide encouragement for future political action.
Parent and Youth Perspectives and Retention in Functional Family Therapy
Authors: Collyer Hannah , Eisler Ivan , Woolgar Matt 
Published: September 2020

ResumenEste estudio cualitativo tuvo como finalidad comprender los factores relacionados con el abandono de la Terapia Familiar Funcional (TFF) mediante el análisis de la experiencia de las familias que han completado la TFF y las que han abandonado la terapia. Se iniciaron entrevistas individuales con padres y adolescentes de 12 familias que habían completado la TFF en Inglaterra, y ocho familias que habían abandonado la terapia. Utilizando el análisis temático, se establecieron seis temas, agrupados dentro de tres esferas. Los patrones de respuestas entre los informes de las familias que completaron y que no completaron la TFF indican procesos que pueden facilitar la permanencia en la TFF. Estos son procesos relacionales específicos para la terapia familiar, por ejemplo, tener una definición de problema en común y una alianza terapéutica equilibrada. Además, se encontraron procesos comúnmente observados entre las intervenciones familiares e individuales. Estos incluyen la credibilidad y la relevancia del trabajo terapéutico, la franqueza en la terapia y los obstáculos prácticos. Los resultados también sugieren que generar motivación para participar en la terapia puede ser más importante para la permanencia en ella que superar obstáculos prácticos. Los obstáculos para la permanencia en la terapia también pueden variar entre los padres y los jóvenes. Estas diferencias destacan la importancia de que el terapeuta mantenga la credibilidad y el apoyo a los padres y de que simultáneamente reduzca la culpa hacia el joven para fomentar la franqueza en los jóvenes. Los resultados influyen en las medidas que pueda tomar el terapeuta para retener a las familias a la hora de usar el modelo de TFF.
Genetics of digestive efficiency in growing pigs fed a conventional or a high‐fibre diet
Authors: Déru Vanille , Bouquet Alban , Labussière Etienne , Ganier Philippe , Blanchet Benoît , Carillier‐Jacquin Céline , Gilbert Hélène 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe use of diets with increased dietary fibre content (HF) from alternative feedstuffs is a solution to limit the impact of increased feed costs on pig production. This study aimed at determining the impact of an alternative HF diet on pig digestibility and at estimating genetic parameters of this trait. Digestibility coefficients (DC) of energy, organic matter and nitrogen were predicted from faecal samples analysed with near infrared spectrometry for 1,242 samples, and it represented 654 Large White pigs fed a conventional (CO) diet and 588 fed a HF diet. Growth and feed efficiency traits, carcass composition and meat quality traits were recorded. Pigs fed the HF diet had significantly lower DC than pigs fed the CO diet (−4.5 to 6.0 points). The DC were moderately to highly heritable (about 0.26 ± 0.12 and 0.54 ± 0.15 in the CO and the HF diet, respectively). Genetic correlations were favourable with feed conversion ratio, daily feed intake and residual feed intake, but unfavourable with average daily gain (ADG) and carcass yield (CY). To conclude, DC could be an interesting trait to include in future breeding objectives if pigs were fed diet with HF diets, but adverse genetic trends with ADG and CY would have to be taken into account.
Long non‐coding RNA DLX6‐AS1 mediates proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of endometrial cancer cells by recruiting p300/E2F1 in DLX6 promoter region
Authors: Zhao Hui , Xu Qian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEndometrial cancer features abnormal growth of cells of the inner lining of the uterus with the potential to invade to other organs. Accumulating evidence suggests that aberrant expression of long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) may facilitate cancer progression. The aim of the present study was to identify the molecular mechanisms of the lncRNA known as DLX6 antisense RNA 1 (DLX6‐AS1) in endometrial cancer. Microarray‐based analysis was utilized to predict expression profile and possible function pattern of DLX6‐AS1 and DLX6 in endometrial cancer, and their expression was quantified in 78 clinically obtained endometrial cancer tissues and also in cell lines. We next assessed the effects of DLX6‐AS1 and DLX6 on proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of endometrial cancer cells. A mouse xenograft model was established to confirm DLX6‐AS1 functions and explore its underlying regulatory mechanisms in vivo. DLX6‐AS1 and DLX6 were highly expressed in endometrial cancer tissues and cells, and their silencing weakened the proliferative and invasive abilities of endometrial cancer cells and tumours, while promoting apoptosis. Mechanistic investigations indicated that DLX6‐AS1 formed a triplex structure with DLX6 via interaction with p300/E2F1 acetyltransferase. Thus, we find that functional up‐regulation of DLX6‐AS1 can promote endometrial cancer progression via a novel triplex mechanism that may prove to be great clinical significance for future treatments of endometrial cancer.
Variation in the post‐smolt growth pattern of wild one sea‐winter salmon (Salmo salar L.), and its linkage to surface warming in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Todd Christopher D. , Hanson Nora N. , Boehme Lars , Revie Crawford W. , Marques Ana R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractVariation in circulus spacing on the scales of wild Atlantic salmon is indicative of changes in body length growth rate. We analyzed scale circulus spacing during the post‐smolt growth period for adult one sea‐winter salmon (n = 1947) returning to Scotland over the period 1993–2011. The growth pattern of the scales was subjectively and visually categorized according to the occurrence and zonal sequence of three intercirculus spacing criteria (“Slow”, “Fast” and “Check” zones). We applied hierarchical time‐series cluster analysis to the empirical circulus spacing data, followed by post hoc analysis of significant changes in growth patterns within the 20 identified clusters. Temporal changes in growth pattern frequencies showed significant correlation with sea surface temperature anomalies during the early months of the post‐smolt growth season and throughout the Norwegian Sea. Since the turn of the millennium, we observed (a) a marked decrease in the occurrence of continuous Fast growth; (b) increased frequencies of fish showing an extended period of initially Slow growth; and (c) the occurrence of obvious growth Checks or hiatuses. These changes in post‐smolt growth pattern were manifest also in decreases in the mean body length attained by the ocean midwinter, as sea surface temperatures have risen.
Disability Prevention Program Improves Life‐Space and Falls Efficacy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Liu Minhui , Xue Qian‐Li , Gitlin Laura N. , Wolff Jennifer L. , Guralnik Jack , Leff Bruce , Szanton Sarah L. 
Published: September 2020

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the effects of a home‐based disability prevention program on life‐space and falls efficacy among low‐income older adults.DESIGNSingle‐blind two‐arm randomized controlled trial.SETTINGParticipants' homes.PARTICIPANTSParticipants were low‐income cognitively intact older adults (≥65 years old) with restricted daily activities. Our analytic sample for life‐space (n = 194) and falls efficacy (n = 233) varied as the life‐space measure was introduced 4 months after the trial began.INTERVENTIONUp to six 1‐hour home visits with an occupational therapist; up to four 1‐hour home visits with a registered nurse; and up to $1,300 worth of home repairs, modifications, and assistive devices with a handyman, during a course of 4 months.MEASUREMENTSLife‐space was measured by the Homebound Mobility Assessment; falls efficacy was measured using the 10‐item Tinetti Falls Efficacy Scale at baseline and 5 months.RESULTSParticipants were on average 75 years old, predominantly Black (86%) and female (85%–86%). Compared with participants in the control group, participants receiving the intervention were more likely to have improved versus decreased life‐space in areas of bathroom (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 3.95; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.20–12.97), front or back porch, patio, or deck (adjusted OR = 2.67; 95% CI = 1.05–6.79), stairs (adjusted OR = 4.09; 95% CI = 1.34–12.48), leaving the house for any reason other than for health care (adjusted OR = 2.40; 95% CI = 1.01–5.73), and overall life‐space (adjusted OR = 2.15; 95% CI = 1.10–4.19). Participants who received the intervention also had an 11% improvement in falls efficacy in performing daily activities (exponentiated coefficient = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.04–1.21).CONCLUSIONLife‐space and falls efficacy were improved through a multicomponent, person‐directed, home‐based disability prevention intervention. Findings suggest that this intervention should be translated into different settings to promote independent aging.
Effects of age and gender on swallowing activity assessed by electromyography and laryngeal elevation
Authors: Endo Hiroshi , Ohmori Nobuyuki , Chikai Manabu , Miwa Hiroyasu , Ino Shuichi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundQuantitative assessment of swallowing function is necessary to prevent swallowing impairment due to ageing. Though surface electromyography (EMG) has been widely used to measure swallowing activity, the relationship between EMG results and swallowing function is unclear.ObjectiveThis study examined the relationship between the temporal characteristics of muscle activity and laryngeal elevation (LE) during swallowing.MethodsThis study analysed 60 healthy volunteers in two age groups (young, between 20 and 38 years; old, between 65 and 75 years), each containing the same number of male and female participants. Surface EMG signals were recorded from the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscle groups (SH‐EMG and IH‐EMG, respectively). LE was measured using an array of pressure sensors. The participants swallowed 3 mL of water under three swallowing speed conditions: fast, normal and slow swallowing. The EMG duration, EMG time intervals before and after the onset of LE (pre‐LE and post‐LE intervals, respectively), and the LE velocity were analysed.ResultsBoth EMG duration and the post‐LE interval of IH‐EMG were significantly longer in the older group. As for the gender effect, the pre‐LE interval of SH‐EMG was significantly longer and the LE velocity was significantly higher in men than in women. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between pre‐LE interval and LE velocity in the fast swallowing condition.ConclusionThough ageing slightly prolonged the muscle activity time, gender influenced swallowing activity in a more complex manner. Therefore, it is important to take gender into account when examining swallowing function with increasing age.
Treating insomnia in Swiss primary care practices: A survey study based on case vignettes
Authors: Linder Stefanie , Duss Simone B. , Dvořák Charles , Merlo Christoph , Essig Stefan , Tal Kali , Del Giovane Cinzia , Syrogiannouli Lamprini , Heinzer Raphael , Nissen Christoph , Bassetti Claudio L. A. , Auer Reto , Maire Micheline 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGuidelines recommend cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I) as first‐line treatment for chronic insomnia, but it is not clear how many primary care physicians (PCPs) in Switzerland prescribe this treatment. We created a survey that asked PCPs how they would treat chronic insomnia and how much they knew about CBT‐I. The survey included two case vignettes that described patients with chronic insomnia, one with and one without comorbid depression. PCPs also answered general questions about treating chronic insomnia and about CBT‐I and CBT‐I providers. Of the 820 Swiss PCPs we invited, 395 (48%) completed the survey (mean age 54 years; 70% male); 87% of PCPs prescribed sleep hygiene and 65% phytopharmaceuticals for the patient who had only chronic insomnia; 95% prescribed antidepressants for the patient who had comorbid depression. In each case, 20% of PCPs prescribed benzodiazepines or benzodiazepine receptor agonists, 8% prescribed CBT‐I, 68% said they knew little about CBT‐I, and 78% did not know a CBT‐I provider. In the clinical case vignettes, most PCPs treated chronic insomnia with phytopharmaceuticals and sleep hygiene despite their lack of efficacy, but PCPs rarely prescribed CBT‐I, felt they knew little about it, and usually knew no CBT‐I providers. PCPs need more information about the benefits of CBT‐I and local CBT‐I providers and dedicated initiatives to implement CBT‐I in order to reduce the number of patients who are prescribed ineffective or potentially harmful medications.
Global scientific research on social participation of older people from 2000 to 2019: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Fu Jingjing , Jiang Zixiao , Hong Yan , Liu Siqi , Kong Dehui , Zhong Zhu , Luo Yu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundSocial participation is an indicator of successful ageing and important determinant of health outcomes. As more studies have been conducted on social participation of older people, a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of the current literature will contribute to a better understanding of the main and novel issues and improve existing geriatric care services in this domain. However, limited bibliometric analysis was employed in this research field. Therefore, we conducted this study to investigate the research trend and quantitatively and comprehensively characterise the landscapes of publications on social participation of older people via bibliometric analysis methods.MethodsData were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection in January 2020. CiteSpace 5.5.R2 and VOSviewer software packages were used to generate knowledge maps and analyse the publication outputs, countries/regions, institutions, journals, research hot spots and research frontiers.ResultsA total of 7,029 publications between 2000 and 2019 were retrieved, and the publication number per year continues to increase. The United States held a leading position in this research field, and Duke University was the most productive institution. Co‐cited reference cluster analysis and keyword co‐occurrence analysis showed that research hot spots contained factors of healthy ageing, quality of life, psychological problems and health status, especially dementia, function (including cognitive function) and frailty. Burst detection of keywords revealed that social participation, social support, instrumental activity, frailty and loneliness have been new research frontiers since 2015.ConclusionsBy analysing publications over the past 20 years, we found publication trends and characteristics in this field. These findings will hopefully provide new insight into the scientific landscapes and further directions in the study of social participation of older people.Implications for PracticeSocial participation is strongly associated with physical and psychological problems and the well‐being of older people. Related professionals, such as social workers, psychologists, nurses and many other health care practitioners, should raise widespread awareness and concern over research hot spots and frontiers on this topic to promote research knowledge translation and adoption into the practice of caring for older people.