bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical correlates of seasonality in bipolar disorder: A specifier that needs specification?
Authors: Fico Giovanna , de Toffol Marco , Anmella Gerard , Sagué‐Vilavella Maria , Dellink Annelies , Verdolini Norma , Pacchiarotti Isabella , Goikolea Jose Manuel , Solmi Marco , Vieta Eduard , Murru Andrea 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveSeasonal pattern (SP) is a bipolar disorder (BD) specifier that indicates a tendency towards affective relapses during specific moments of the year. SP affects 15%–25% of BD patients. In the past, SP was applied only to depressive relapses while, in DSM‐5, SP may be applied to both depressive and (hypo)manic episodes. We examined the association between different clinical correlates of BD and SP according to its current definition in a cohort of patients with BD type I (BDI) and II (BDII).MethodsPatients were recruited from a specialized unit and assessed according to the season of relapse and type of episode per season. SP and non‐SP patients were compared looking into sociodemographic and clinical correlates. Significant variables at univariate comparisons were included in multivariate logistic regression with SP as the dependent variable.Results708 patients were enrolled (503 BDI, 205 BDII), and 117 (16.5%) fulfilled DSM‐5 criteria for SP. The mean age was 45.3 years (SD = 14.18), and 389 were female (54.9%). The logistic regression model included a significant contribution of BDII (OR = 2.23, CI 1.4–3.55), family history of mood disorder (OR = 1.97, CI 1.29–3.01), undetermined predominant polarity (OR = 0.44, CI 0.28–0.70), and aggressive behavior (OR = 0.42, CI 0.23–0.75).ConclusionOur results outline a novel positive association of SP with undetermined predominant polarity, BDII, family history of mood disorder, and with fewer aggressiveness‐related symptoms. Seasonality is associated with a biphasic pattern with similar dominance of (hypo)mania and depression and is more frequent in BDII as compared to BDI. Seasonal episodes may be easier to predict, but difficult to prevent.
Response of the egg parasitoids of the pine processionary moth to host density and forest cover at the southern edge of the range
Authors: Bouzar‐Essaidi Khaled , Branco Manuela , Battisti Andrea , Garcia André , Fernandes Maria Rosário , Chabane Younes , Bouzemarene Mourad , Benfekih Leïla 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Thaumetopoea pityocampa is the most important pine defoliator in the Mediterranean basin. Despite being attacked by a number of natural enemies, populations occur frequently at high density in several areas.
Egg parasitism was studied in 27 pine and cedar forests in Algeria, in relation to the host density (tents per tree) and the proportion of forest cover in the landscape.
Egg parasitism varied from 2% to 25%, accounted by two parasitoid species, the specialist Baryscapus servadeii and the generalist Ooencyrtus pityocampae.
Tent density was negatively correlated with parasitism by B. servadeii but not with that of O. pityocampae. Conversely, parasitism by O. pityocampae increased with the proportion of forest and agricultural cover, but not in the case of B. servadeii.
Maximum summer temperature showed no correlation with parasitism rates. Still, temperature frequently exceeded 40 °C during the period of adult parasitoid activity.
The low performance of the egg parasitoids at the southern edge of the host range could be explained by the reduced fecundity of the host, climate effects, and phenological mismatching between the parasitoids and the egg development. These and other factors potentially involved the need to be further explored with a long‐term study of population dynamics.
Nutritional interventions for promoting stress resilience: Recent progress using psychosocial stress models of rodents
Authors: Toyoda Atsushi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPrevention of stress‐induced adverse effects is important for animals and humans to maintain their quality of life (QOL). Stress decreases the productivity of farm animals and induces abnormal behaviors, which is one of the major problems in animal welfare. In humans, stress increases the risk of mental illness which adversely impacts QOL. Stress is, thus, a common health problem for both animals and humans, and stress prevention and promotion of stress resilience could improve animal and human health and QOL. Among various stresses, psychosocial stress experienced by individuals is particularly difficult to prevent and it could, thus, prove beneficial to attempt to increase resilience to psychosocial stress. There exist a few critical interventions for promoting such resilience, environmental enrichment being one. However, this review describes recent progress in nutritional interventions that could confer resilience to psychosocial stress. The efficacy of this intervention is studied in the social defeat model mouse, which is a standard model for studying psychosocial stress. Several nutrients were found to rescue stress vulnerability using the models. Furthermore, probiotics and prebiotics became crucial dietary interventions for combating psychosocial stress. Collectively, dietary intake of appropriate nutrients will be more important for maintaining QOL in animals and humans.
Intracranial mesenchymal tumor with FET‐CREB fusion—A unifying diagnosis for the spectrum of intracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumors and angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma‐like neoplasms
Authors: Sloan Emily A. , Chiang Jason , Villanueva‐Meyer Javier E. , Alexandrescu Sanda , Eschbacher Jennifer M. , Wang Wesley , Mafra Manuela , Ud Din Nasir , Carr‐Boyd Emily , Watson Michael , Punsoni Michael , Oviedo Angelica , Gilani Ahmed , Kleinschmidt‐DeMasters Bette K. , Coss Dylan J. , Lopes M. Beatriz , Raffel Corey , Berger Mitchel S. , Chang Susan M. , Reddy Alyssa , Ramani Biswarathan , Ferris Sean P. , Lee Julieann C. , Hofmann Jeffrey W. , Cho Soo‐Jin , Horvai Andrew E. , Pekmezci Melike , Tihan Tarik , Bollen Andrew W. , Rodriguez Fausto J. , Ellison David W. , Perry Arie , Solomon David A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntracranial mesenchymal tumors with FET‐CREB fusions are a recently described group of neoplasms in children and young adults characterized by fusion of a FET family gene (usually EWSR1, but rarely FUS) to a CREB family transcription factor (ATF1, CREB1, or CREM), and have been variously termed intracranial angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma or intracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumor. The clinical outcomes, histologic features, and genomic landscape are not well defined. Here, we studied 20 patients with intracranial mesenchymal tumors proven to harbor FET‐CREB fusion by next‐generation sequencing (NGS). The 16 female and four male patients had a median age of 14 years (range 4–70). Tumors were uniformly extra‐axial or intraventricular and located at the cerebral convexities (n = 7), falx (2), lateral ventricles (4), tentorium (2), cerebellopontine angle (4), and spinal cord (1). NGS demonstrated that eight tumors harbored EWSR1‐ATF1 fusion, seven had EWSR1‐CREB1, four had EWSR1‐CREM, and one had FUS‐CREM. Tumors were uniformly well circumscribed and typically contrast enhancing with solid and cystic growth. Tumors with EWSR1‐CREB1 fusions more often featured stellate/spindle cell morphology, mucin‐rich stroma, and hemangioma‐like vasculature compared to tumors with EWSR1‐ATF1 fusions that most often featured sheets of epithelioid cells with mucin‐poor collagenous stroma. These tumors demonstrated polyphenotypic immunoprofiles with frequent positivity for desmin, EMA, CD99, MUC4, and synaptophysin, but absence of SSTR2A, myogenin, and HMB45 expression. There was a propensity for local recurrence with a median progression‐free survival of 12 months and a median overall survival of greater than 60 months, with three patients succumbing to disease (all with EWSR1‐ATF1 fusions). In combination with prior case series, this study provides further insight into intracranial mesenchymal tumors with FET‐CREB fusion, which represent a distinct group of CNS tumors encompassing both intracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumor and angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma‐like neoplasms.
Imidazoline ligand BU224 reverses cognitive deficits, reduces microgliosis and enhances synaptic connectivity in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Mirzaei Nazanin , Mota Bibiana C. , Birch Amy M. , Davis Nicola , Romero‐Molina Carmen , Katsouri Loukia , Palmer Emily O.C. , Golbano Arantxa , Riggall Laura J. , Nagy Istvan , Tyacke Robin , Nutt David J. , Sastre Magdalena 
Published: November 2020

Background and PurposeActivation of type 2 imidazoline receptors has been shown to exhibit neuroprotective properties including anti‐apoptotic and anti‐inflammatory effects, suggesting a potential therapeutic value in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we explored the effects of the imidazoline‐2 ligand BU224 in a model of amyloidosis.Experimental ApproachSix‐month‐old female transgenic 5XFAD and wild‐type (WT) mice were treated intraperitoneally with 5‐mg·kg−1 BU224 or vehicle twice a day for 10 days. Behavioural tests were performed for cognitive functions and neuropathological changes were investigated by immunohistochemistry, Western blot, elisa and qPCR. Effects of BU224 on amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing, spine density and calcium imaging were analysed in brain organotypic cultures and N2a cells.Key ResultsBU224 treatment attenuated spatial and perirhinal cortex‐dependent recognition memory deficits in 5XFAD mice. Fear‐conditioning testing revealed that BU224 also improved both associative learning and hippocampal‐ and amygdala‐dependent memory in transgenic but not in WT mice. In the brain, BU224 reduced levels of the microglial marker Iba1 and pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and TNF‐α and increased the expression of astrocytic marker GFAP in 5XFAD mice. These beneficial effects were not associated with changes in amyloid pathology, neuronal apoptosis, mitochondrial density, oxidative stress or autophagy markers. Interestingly, ex vivo and in vitro studies suggested that BU224 treatment increased the size of dendritic spines and induced a threefold reduction in amyloid‐β (Aβ)‐induced functional changes in NMDA receptors.Conclusion and ImplicationsSub‐chronic treatment with BU224 restores memory and reduces inflammation in transgenic AD mice, at stages when animals display severe pathology.
Congenital heart diseases and parental occupational exposure in a Hungarian case‐control study in 1997 to 2002
Authors: Fazekas‐Pongor Vince , Csáky‐Szunyogh Melinda , Fekete Mónika , Mészáros Ágota , Cseh Károly , Pénzes Melinda 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTThe etiology of congenital heart diseases is not fully understood yet, however, endocrine disrupting chemicals may have a causative role in their development. The purpose of our study was to examine the association between congenital heart diseases and periconceptional parental occupational exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals. In our Hungarian population‐based case‐control study, we examined 2263 live born cases with any congenital heart disease and 6789 matched controls selected between years 1997 to 2002. Occupational exposure was assessed with a job‐exposure matrix developed for endocrine disrupting chemicals. Conditional multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to test associations between parental occupational exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and congenital heart diseases of the offspring as a whole and by congenital heart disease subtypes. The prevalence of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals was 4.5% for both case and control mothers and 19.1% and 19.4% for case and control fathers, respectively. We found a positive association between paternal pesticide (adjusted odds ratio = 1.66, 95% confidence interval: 1.03‐2.69) and alkylphenolic compound exposure (adjusted odds ratio = 1.95, 95% confidence interval: 1.30‐2.93) and the development of patent ductus arteriosus in the offspring. Alkylphenolic compound exposure occurred among painters, famers, and those working in the food service industry, while pesticide exposure occurred predominantly among farm workers. We identified that certain occupations may increase the occurrence of certain congenital heart disease phenotypes in the offspring. By paying closer attention to those working in these areas, antenatal detection rates of congenital heart diseases may be improved.
A study of the diffusion behaviour of reactive dyes in cellulose fibres using confocal Raman microscopy
Authors: Yang Binfan , Dai Yamin , Zhong Yi , Zhang Linping , Xu Hong , Wang Bijia , Sui Xiaofeng , Feng Xueling , Chen Zhize , Mao Zhiping 
Published: November 2020

AbstractConfocal Raman microscopy was used as a non‐destructive tool for in situ investigation of the diffusion of CI Reactive Blue 194 in viscose fibres. Dyed fibres were analysed by Raman depth imaging along the radius at different dyeing times (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, 300, 600, 900, 1200, 1500, 1800, 2100 and 2400 seconds) and temperatures (30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80°C). The dye concentration in the fibre was expressed by normalising the characteristic peak of dyes at 1577 cm−1 to eliminate the interference of the fibre. The Raman depth mapping images showed that dye molecules gradually diffused to the interior of the fibre with an increase in dyeing time, remaining ring‐shaped in the state of diffusion. In addition, the diffusion rate increased with increases in the dyeing temperature. This was understandable because dye molecules with a higher kinetic energy move faster. It was also found that the external structure of fibres played a significant role in the diffusion behaviour of CI Reactive Blue 194 during the initial stage of dyeing. The concentration gradient distribution of CI Reactive Blue 194 in the fibre was reflected by Raman depth mapping. The study demonstrates the potential of confocal Raman microscopy for monitoring the dynamic diffusion of dye molecules in fibres.
Optimizing Precision of Hypertension Care to Maximize Blood Pressure Control: A Pilot Study Utilizing a Smartphone App to Incorporate Plasma Renin Activity Testing
Authors: Mehanna Mai , Chen Yiqing E. , Gong Yan , Handberg Eileen , Roth Brittney , De Leon Jessica , Smith Steven M. , Harrell Jonathan G. , Cooper‐DeHoff Rhonda M. 
Published: November 2020

Only half of patients with hypertension (HTN) respond to any given antihypertensive medication. Heterogeneity in pathophysiologic pathways underlying HTN is a major contributor. Personalizing antihypertensive therapy could improve blood pressure (BP) reduction. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of pragmatic implementation of a personalized plasma renin activity (PRA)‐based smartphone app on improving BP reduction. Patients with untreated or treated but uncontrolled HTN were recruited. BP and PRA were measured at baseline with final BP measured at 6 months. Patient’s information was entered into the app and treatment recommendations were returned. Clinicians were at liberty to follow or disregard the app’s recommendations. BP levels and percent BP control among patients whose clinicians did and did not follow the app’s recommendations were compared using independent t‐test and Fisher’s exact test, respectively. Twenty‐nine European American patients were included (38% women) with mean age of 52 ± 9 years and median PRA of 1.3 ng/mL/hr (interquartile range 0.5–3.1 ng/mL/hr). Participants whose clinicians followed the app’s recommendations (n = 16, 55%) as compared with those whose clinicians did not (n = 13, 45%), had a greater reduction in 6‐month systolic BP (−15 ± 21 vs. −3 ± 21 mm Hg; adjusted‐P = 0.1) and diastolic BP (−8 ± 8 vs. −1 ± 8 mm Hg; adjusted‐P = 0.04). BP control at 6 months tended to be greater among patients whose clinicians accepted the app’s recommendations vs. those whose clinicians did not (63% vs. 23%, P = 0.06). This pilot study demonstrates that acceptance of the app’s recommendations was associated with a greater BP reduction. Future studies to confirm these pilot findings are warranted.
Modeling neurodevelopment in a dish with pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Imaizumi Kent , Okano Hideyuki 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can differentiate into all cell types in the body, and their differentiation procedures recapitulate the developmental processes of embryogenesis. Focusing on neurodevelopment, we describe here the application of knowledge gained from embryology to the neural induction of PSCs. Furthermore, PSC‐based neural modeling provides novel insights into neurodevelopmental processes. In particular, human PSC cultures are a powerful tool for the study of human‐specific neurodevelopmental processes and could even enable the elucidation of the mechanisms of human brain evolution. We also discuss challenges and potential future directions in further improving PSC‐based neural modeling.
Disordered eating in women with type 1 diabetes: Continuous glucose monitoring reveals the complex interactions of glycaemia, self‐care behaviour and emotion
Authors: Rama Chandran Suresh , Zaremba Natalie , Harrison Amy , Choudhary Pratik , Cheah Yee , Allan Jacqueline , Debong Fredrik , Reid Fiona , Treasure Janet , Hopkins David , Ismail Khalida , Stadler Marietta 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectivesGlycaemia in people with type 1 diabetes and disordered eating is not well characterised. We explored the glycaemia, self‐care behaviour and emotional state of women with type 1 diabetes and disordered eating.Research design and methodsIn all, 13 women with and 10 without disordered eating and type 1 diabetes participated in this case–control study. We used a mixed‐methods approach with a 7‐day blinded continuous glucose monitoring and real‐time record of non‐prompted capillary glucose (CG), emotion, activity and physical symptoms on a diabetes diary using a smartphone application (mySugr®). We compared groups using Mann–Whitney U test or Fisher's exact test. We conducted thematic analyses of free‐text diary entries (NVivo®) and quantitative analysis of emotion/symptom tags.ResultsPeople with type 1 diabetes and disordered eating spent longer time above range in level 2 hyperglycaemia (>13.9 mmol/L, Median [interquartile range]: 21% [16,60] vs 5% [2,17], p = 0.015). They had lower time in range and similar time below range compared to those without disordered eating. The standard deviation of CG was significantly higher in the disordered eating group (4.7 mmol/L [4.5, 6.1] vs 3 [2.8, 3.2], p = 0.018). The median of the percentage of rising sensor glucose trends was three times higher in the disordered eating group. They also had higher negative emotional and physical symptoms associated with high blood glucose (>15 mmol/L).ConclusionsDisordered eating has a significant impact on the glycaemia and emotion of a person with type 1 diabetes.
Risk of developing diabetes in patients with atrial fibrillation taking non‐vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants or warfarin: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Huang Huei‐Kai , Liu Peter Pin‐Sung , Lin Shu‐Man , Hsu Jin‐Yi , Peng Carol Chiung‐Hui , Munir Kashif M. , Wu Ting‐Yu , Yeh Jih‐I , Loh Ching‐Hui , Tu Yu‐Kang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimTo compare the risk of diabetes development in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) treated with non‐vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and warfarin.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Adult patients with new onset of AF, treated with NOACs or warfarin between 2012 and 2016, were included. The NOAC cohort was further divided into dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban groups. The primary outcome was incident diabetes requiring treatment with antidiabetic drugs. Fine and Gray subdistribution hazards models were used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR). Propensity score matching was performed for each head‐to‐head comparison.ResultsA total of 10 746 new‐onset AF patients were included in our study. During the mean 2.4‐year follow‐up, NOACs were associated with a lower risk of developing diabetes than warfarin (aHR = 0.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68‐0.94, P = .007). Subgroup analyses confirmed that dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban each had a reduced diabetes risk. Stratified analyses showed that the lower risk of diabetes associated with NOAC treatment was specific to patients aged 65 years or older (aHR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.62‐0.89, P = .002) and those with good medication adherence (aHR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.58‐0.84, P < .001).ConclusionsTaking an NOAC was associated with a lower risk of developing diabetes than taking warfarin in patients with AF.
Real‐world use of cardioprotective glucose‐lowering drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: A Danish nationwide cohort study, 2012 to 2019
Authors: Funck Kristian L. , Knudsen Jakob S. , Hansen Troels K. , Thomsen Reimar W. , Grove Erik L. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsTo investigate temporal trends in time to initiation of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors and glucagon‐like peptide 1 analogues (cardioprotective glucose‐lowering drugs [GLDs]) in patients with a new dual diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD).Materials and methodsIn a cohort study, we identified patients with a new dual diagnosis of T2DM and CVD using linked healthcare data from nationwide registries on drug prescriptions and diagnosis codes. For each calendar year between 2012 and 2018, we examined time to initiation and cumulative user proportions (CUPs) for cardioprotective GLD use 1 and 2 years after the dual diagnosis.ResultsAmong all individuals living in Denmark in the period 2012 to 2018, 41 733 patients with a new dual diagnosis of T2DM and CVD were identified (median [interquartile range] age 71 [64–79] years, 61% male, and 57% with CVD as the latest diagnosis). Incidence curve slopes and 1‐ and 2‐year CUPs for cardioprotective GLDs increased during the study period (1‐year CUP 4.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.6–4.5) in 2012 to 14.7, 95% CI 13.7–15.7, in 2018; 2‐year CUP 5.5, 95% CI 5.0–6.1, in 2012 to 16.7, 95% CI 15.8–17.7, in 2017). T2DM patients with CVD as the second (latest) diagnosis had higher 1‐year CUPs than CVD patients with T2DM as the latest diagnosis: 2012: 7.0 (95% CI 6.2–8.0) versus 1.4 (95% CI 1.0–1.8); 2018: 18.1 (95% CI 16.8–19.6) versus 10.0 (95% CI 8.8‐11.3).ConclusionsIn patients with T2DM and CVD, the incidence of cardioprotective GLD initiation increased between 2012 and 2018, however, within 2 years of dual diagnosis, it remained low.