bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal factors associated with hyperglycemia in pregnancy and perinatal outcomes: a Brazilian reference center cohort study
Authors: Nicolosi Bianca F. , Vernini Joice M. , Costa Roberto A. , Magalhães Claudia G. , Rudge Marilza V. C. , Corrente José E. , Cecatti Jose G. , Calderon Iracema M. P. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
While sufficient evidence supporting universal screening is not available, it is justifiable to look for specific risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or hyperglycemia in pregnancy (HIP). The objective of this study is to identify independent risk factors for HIP and its adverse perinatal outcomes in a Brazilian public referral center.

Methods
We included 569 singleton pregnant women who were split into three groups by glucose status: GDM (n = 207), mild gestational hyperglycemia (MGH; n = 133), and control (n = 229). Women who used corticosteroids or had a history of DM were excluded. HIP comprised both GDM and MGH, diagnosed by a 100 g- or 75 g-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a glucose profile at 24–28 weeks. Maternal characteristics were tested for their ability to predict HIP and its outcomes. Bivariate analysis (RR; 95% CI) was used to identify potential associations. Logistic regression (RRadj; 95% CI) was used to confirm the independent risk factors for HIP and its perinatal outcomes (p < 0.05).

Results
Age ≥ 25 years [1.83, 1.12–2.99], prepregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 [2.88, 1.89–4.39], family history of DM [2.12, 1.42–3.17] and multiparity [2.07, 1.27–3.37] were independent risk factors for HIP. Family history of DM [169, 1.16–2.16] and hypertension [2.00, 1.36–2.98] were independent risk factors for C-section. HbA1c ≥ 6.0% at birth was an independent risk factor for LGA [1.99, 1.05–3.80], macrosomia [2.43, 1.27–4.63], and birthweight Z-score > 2.0 [4.17, 1.57–11.10].

Conclusions
MGH presents adverse pregnancy outcomes similar to those observed in the GDM group but distinct from those observed in the control (no diabetes) group. In our cohort, age ≥ 25 years, prepregnancy BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, family history of DM, and multiparity were independent risk factors for HIP, supporting the use of selective screening for this condition. These results should be validated in populations with similar characteristics in Brazil or other low- and middle-income countries.
Management of critically ill patients with COVID-19 in ICU: statement from front-line intensive care experts in Wuhan, China
Authors: Shang You , Pan Chun , Yang Xianghong , Zhong Ming , Shang Xiuling , Wu Zhixiong , Yu Zhui , Zhang Wei , Zhong Qiang , Zheng Xia , Sang Ling , Jiang Li , Zhang Jiancheng , Xiong Wei , Liu Jiao , Chen Dechang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) pandemic has swept all over the world, posing a great pressure on critical care resources due to large number of patients needing critical care. Statements from front-line experts in the field of intensive care are urgently needed.

Methods
Sixteen front-line experts in China fighting against the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan were organized to develop an expert statement after 5 rounds of expert seminars and discussions to provide trustworthy recommendation on the management of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Each expert was assigned tasks within their field of expertise to provide draft statements and rationale. Parts of the expert statement are based on epidemiological and clinical evidence, without available scientific evidences.

Results
A comprehensive document with 46 statements are presented, including protection of medical personnel, etiological treatment, diagnosis and treatment of tissue and organ functional impairment, psychological interventions, immunity therapy, nutritional support, and transportation of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Among them, 5 recommendations were strong (Grade 1), 21 were weak (Grade 2), and 20 were experts’ opinions. A strong agreement from voting participants was obtained for all recommendations.

Conclusion
There are still no targeted therapies for COVID-19 patients. Dynamic monitoring and supportive treatment for the restoration of tissue vascularization and organ function are particularly important.
Asthma management with breath-triggered inhalers: innovation through design
Authors: Morais-Almeida Mário , Pité Helena , Cardoso João , Costa Rui , Cordeiro Carlos Robalo , Silva Eurico , Todo-Bom Ana , Vicente Cláudia , Marques José Agostinho 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAsthma affects the lives of hundred million people around the World. Despite notable progresses in disease management, asthma control remains largely insufficient worldwide, influencing patients’ wellbeing and quality of life. Poor patient handling of inhaling devices has been identified as a major persistent problem that significantly reduces inhaled drugs’ efficacy and is associated with poor adherence to treatment, impairing clinical results such as asthma control and increasing disease-related costs. We herein review key research and development (R&D) innovation in inhaler devices, highlighting major real-world critical errors in the handling and inhalation technique with current devices and considering potential solutions. Furthermore, we discuss current evidence regarding breath-triggered inhalers (BTI).Main bodyThe two most common significant problems with inhalers are coordinating actuation and inhalation with pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs), and the need to inhale forcibly with a dry powder inhaler. BTI R&D plans were designed to overcome these problems. Its newest device k-haler® has several other important features, generating a less forceful aerosol plume than previous pMDIs, with efficient drug delivery and lung deposition, even in patients with low inspiratory flow. The local and systemic bioavailability of fluticasone propionate and formoterol (FP/FORM) administered via k-haler® has been shown to be therapeutically equivalent when administered via the previous FP/FORM pMDI. This device requires very few steps and has been considered easy to use (even at first attempt) and preferred by the patients in a randomized crossover study. In our country, FP/FORM k-haler is available without additional costs compared to FP/FORM pMDI. All devices continue to require education and regular checking of the correct inhalation technique.ConclusionBTI R&D can bring advantage over current available inhalers, avoiding the two most common identified critical errors in inhalation technique. K-haler® BTI is currently available, without an increased cost, and approved for adolescents and adults with asthma in whom treatment with inhaled combined therapy with long-acting beta2-agonists and corticosteroids is indicated. Its attractive and practical design to facilitate its use has been awarded. K-haler® represents added value through innovation to fulfill actual asthma patient needs, thus with potential relevant impact in asthma management and effective control.
Mitochondrial Nutrient Utilization Underlying the Association Between Metabolites and Insulin Resistance in Adolescents
Authors: LaBarre Jennifer L , Peterson Karen E , Kachman Maureen T , Perng Wei , Tang Lu , Hao Wei , Zhou Ling , Karnovsky Alla , Cantoral Alejandra , Téllez-Rojo Martha María , Song Peter X K , Burant Charles F 
Published: June 2020

AbstractContextA person’s intrinsic metabolism, reflected in the metabolome, may describe the relationship between nutrient intake and metabolic health.ObjectivesUntargeted metabolomics was used to identify metabolites associated with metabolic health. Path analysis classified how habitual dietary intake influences body mass index z-score (BMIz) and insulin resistance (IR) through changes in the metabolome.DesignData on anthropometry, fasting metabolites, C-peptide, and dietary intake were collected from 108 girls and 98 boys aged 8 to 14 years. Sex-stratified linear regression identified metabolites associated with BMIz and homeostatic model assessment of IR using C-peptide (HOMA-CP), accounting for puberty, age, and muscle and fat area. Path analysis identified clusters of metabolites that underlie the relationship between energy-adjusted macronutrient intake with BMIz and HOMA-CP.ResultsMetabolites associated with BMIz include positive associations with diglycerides among girls and positive associations with branched chain and aromatic amino acids in boys. Intermediates in fatty acid metabolism, including medium-chain acylcarnitines (AC), were inversely associated with HOMA-CP. Carbohydrate intake is positively associated with HOMA-CP through decreases in levels of AC, products of β-oxidation. Approaching significance, fat intake is positively associated with HOMA-CP through increases in levels of dicarboxylic fatty acids, products of omega-oxidation.ConclusionsThis cross-sectional analysis suggests that IR in children is associated with reduced fatty acid oxidation capacity. When consuming more grams of fat, there is evidence for increased extramitochondrial fatty acid metabolism, while higher carbohydrate intake appears to lead to decreases in intermediates of β-oxidation. Thus, biomarkers of IR and mitochondrial oxidative capacity may depend on macronutrient intake.
An Intronic HCP5 Variant Is Associated With Age of Onset and Susceptibility to Graves Disease in UK and Polish Cohorts
Authors: Lane Laura Claire , Kuś Aleksander , Bednarczuk Tomasz , Bossowski Artur , Daroszewski Jacek , Jurecka-Lubieniecka Beata , Cordell Heather Jane , Pearce Simon Henry Schofield , Cheetham Timothy , Mitchell Anna Louise 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Context
The genetic background of young-onset Graves disease (GD) remains largely unknown. An intronic variant in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex P5 (HCP5) has previously been associated with GD susceptibility and age of onset in a cohort of Polish patients.

Objective
We aimed to investigate the association of the HCP5 variant rs3094228 with GD susceptibility and age of onset in a UK cohort and conduct a meta-analysis of UK and Polish data.

Design and Participants
rs3094228 was genotyped in 469 UK patients with GD using Taqman chemistry. Genotype frequencies were compared with genotypic data available from the Wellcome Trust case-control consortium using logistic regression analysis. To determine whether rs3094228 is independently associated with age of GD onset, the HLA DRB1*0301 tagging variant, rs535777, was also genotyped.

Results
The C allele of rs3094228 was overrepresented in the UK GD cohort compared with controls (P allele=5.08 × 10–9, odds ratio 1.76; [95% confidence interval, 1.46-2.13]). This association was more marked in young-onset GD (&lt;30 years) (P allele=1.70 × 10–10 vs P allele=0.0008). The meta-analysis of UK and Polish data supported the association of the C allele with GD susceptibility (P allele=1.79 × 10–5) and age of onset (P allele=5.63 × 10–8). Haplotype analysis demonstrated that rs3094228 is associated with age of GD onset (P = 2.39 × 10-6) independent of linkage disequilibrium with HLA DRB1*0301.

Conclusion
The rs3094228 HCP5 polymorphism is independently associated with GD susceptibility and age of onset in a UK GD cohort. Our findings indicate a potential role of long noncoding ribonucleic acids, including HCP5, in GD pathogenesis, particularly in the younger population.
Zero-gravity wardrobes: The behaviour of costume in weightless environments
Authors: Brownie Barbara 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this commercial space age, audiences increasingly expect realism in science fiction. Weightlessness is commonly simulated through physical or virtual special effects, but reduced gravity aircraft offer opportunities for capturing the effects of microgravity more authentically. While this poses practical challenges for costume designers, it also invites the possibility of creative engagement with weightlessness. Costume can be employed to visibly evidence the effects of weightlessness, but to take advantage of this opportunity, designers must discard many of the fundamental principles of fashion design. This article examines the effects of weightlessness on costume in sequences shot on board reduced gravity aircraft, from Apollo 13 (), ), and the music video for OK Go's 'Upside Down & Inside Out' (), as well as footage of real-life astronauts. It then identifies those features of clothing design which must be reconsidered when designing costume for microgravity.
Coppola's postfeminism: Emma Watson and The Bling Ring
Authors: Hunter Siân 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Sofia Coppola's The Bling Ring explores the contemporary obsession with commodities and celebrity culture which leads a group of Californian teenagers to break into the homes of celebrities, in order to steal their clothes and accessories. This article examines Coppola's critique of celebrity culture and consumerism through the movie itself, and through her casting of British actor Emma Watson and the ways in which she mobilizes the celebrity persona of Watson in order to further her critique. The Bling Ring will be compared to Coppola's work to understand how it contributes to her postfeminist image. Coppola's position as a celebrity figure through her association with her father, through her own work and through her participation within the worlds of fashion and music are also explored, in order to problematize the position from which she critiques celebrity culture.
The curated representation of Saga Norén: Interweaving narratives of fashion and interiors
Authors: Flanagan Pamela 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Nordic Noir dramas have dominated the landscape of contemporary television, transforming the crime genre beyond the traditional English-speaking productions whilst forging a path for female protagonists to dominate. This article seeks to analyse the relationship between the narrative, fashion and interiors through the main female protagonist Saga Noren (Sofia Helin) in , the Danish-Swedish production of the Nordic Noir drama.
PUTUSAN MK NO.22 /PUU-XV /2017 TENTANG PERMOHONAN JUDICIAL REVIEW PASAl 7 AYAT (1) UU NO. 1 TAHUN 1974 TENTANG USIA PERKAWINAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF MASLAHAH
Authors: Hadi Samsul 
Published: June 2020

The Decision of Constitutional Court Number. 22 / puu-XV / 2017 granted the request for a judicial review againt article 7 paragraph 1 (one) of cositution Number. 1 of 1974 concerning the age limit of marriage. This article actually distinguishes the age of marriage for women and men. For women at least 16 years and for men 19 years. This distinction is discrimination against women's rights as citizens and not in accordance with the principle of equality before the law as stated in article 12 paragraph 1 of the constitution 1945. This discrimination has caused some women to be forced to marry at the age of under 16 years, which is detrimental to the right to education, reproductive health and life safety. This court ruling gives hope for women to be better in the future. This decision is in accordance with the Purpose of Islamic law, to realize the benefit and keep away from damage.Artikel ini membahas tentang Putusan Mahkamah Konstutusi Nomor. 22/PUU-XV/2017 tentang Usia Perkawinan sebagai revisi terhadap Pasal 7 ayat 1( satu) undang-undang No. 1 tahun 1974 tentang batasan usia perkawinan. Pasal ini secara nyata membedakan umur perkawinan bagi wanita dan laki-laki. Bagi wanita minimal 16 tahun dan bagi laki-laki 19 tahun. Pembedaan ini merupakan diskriminasi terhadap hak-hak wanita sebagai warga negara dan tidak sesuai dengan prinsip kesamaan di depan hukum sebagimana yang disebutkan dalam pasal 27 ayat 1 UUD tahun 1945. diskriminasi ini berdampak sebagian wanita dikawinkan secara paksa pada umur di bawah 16 tahun, yang merugikan hak mendapatkan pendidikan, kesehatan reproduksi, dan keselamatan jiwa. putusan mahkamah ini memberikan harapan bagi wanita untuk lebih baik pada masa yang kan datang. hal ini sesaui dengan tujuan dalam hukum Islam, merealisasikan kemaslahatan dan menjauhkan dari kerusakan.
PENGHULU WANITA MENURUT PENGHULU KANTOR URUSAN AGAMA KOTA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Saputra Megi 
Published: June 2020

This article tries to examine the view of the marriage administrar (penghulu) of the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) in Yogyakarta on female marriage administrar. Based on interview with ten marriage administrars in Yogyakarta, this work argues that at least three varians of the opinion can be concluded. Some argued that female marriage administrar is not against the law. Therefore, female marriage administrar is possible in Indonesia. The others stated that female marriage administrar only can apply in Indonesia if no man can meet the requisites of the marriage registrar. The rest have an opinion that female marriage registrar is not possible in Indonesia becauseArtikel ini mengkaji tentang pendapat penghulu Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) di Kota Yogyakarta tentang penghulu wanita. Dengan data primer bersumber dari wawancara dengan sepuluh penghulu di Kota Yogyakarta, artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa di kalangan penghulu Kota Yogyakarta, terdapat tiga varian pendapat mengenai penghulu wanita. Sebagian berpendapat bahwa penghulu wanita sangat mungkin ada di Indonesia dengan alasan aturan yang ada sangat memungkinkan penghulu dijabat oleh perempuan. Selain itu, secara normatif fiqh, tidak ada larangan penghulu dijabat oleh wanita meskipun harus menjadi wali. Sebagian yang lain berpendapat penghulu wanita hanya dapat terjadi di Indonesia jika tidak ada pria yang memenuhi syarat untuk menjadi penghulu. Sedangkan sisanya menyatakan bahwa penghulu wanita tidak mungkin terjadi di Indonesia dengan alasan meskipun secara yuridis tidak melarang wanita menjadi penghulu, tetapi secara empiris penghulu sering menjadi wali nikah melalui wali hakim ataupun taukil wali. Sedangkan yang dapat menjadi wali adalah laki-laki.
Expression of autophagic and ubiquitin–proteasome proteins in the peripheral nervous system after nerve injury
Authors: Agthong Sithiporn , Rodtayoy Marisa , Roumwong Atitaya 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Autophagy and ubiquitin–proteasome (UPS) are two main degradation systems for intracellular proteins. They are essential for homeostasis of neurons during normal and pathological conditions, but their changes after nerve injury remain unclear.

Objective
To examine the protein expression of autophagy and UPS in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), including intact and injured sciatic nerves after crush injury in rats.

Methods
Left sciatic nerve crush was done in all Wistar rats and the specimens were removed at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after injury. Expression of the autophagic (Beclin-1 and p62) and UPS proteins [muscle ring finger-1 (MuRF1) and ubiquitinated proteins] was measured using Western blot analysis.

Results
Expression of p62 was significantly increased in the injured versus intact sciatic nerves on day 1 and day 7 (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). There was a trend toward higher expression of Beclin-1 on the crushed nerve. In the DRG, expression of p62 and Beclin-1 was not significantly different between the two sides. Expression of MuRF1 and ubiquitinated proteins was not significantly different between the left and right DRG. The low quantity of MuRF1 and high variations in the ubiquitinated protein levels in the nerve prevented further analysis.

Conclusions
These results indicated the induction of autophagy with accumulation of autophagosomes in the nerve, but not DRG, after nerve injury. Future studies on the effects of the autophagic changes and the precise activity of UPS in nerve trauma are crucial.
Jewish Perceptions of Antisemitism in the European Union, 2018: A New Structural Look
Authors: DellaPergola Sergio 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper aims at providing a new systemic contribution to research about perceptions of antisemitism/Judeophobia by contemporary Jews in 12 European Union countries. The perspective – the viewpoint of the offended side – has been less prominent relatively in research literature on antisemitism. The data analysis demonstrates the potential power of Similarity Structure Analysis (SSA) as a better theoretical and empirical tool to describe and conceptualize the contents of chosen research issues. After a brief review of some methodological problems in the study of antisemitism, this paper will re-elaborate data first published in the report of the 2018 FRA study Experiences and Perceptions of Antisemitism – Second survey on Discrimination and Hate Crimes against Jews in the EU (FRA 2018a). Topics include the perceived importance of antisemitism as a societal issue, the contents of anti-Jewish prejudice and discrimination, channels of transmission, perpetrators of offenses, regional differences within Europe, and the role of antisemitism perceptions as a component of Jewish identification. Special attention is paid to the distinction between cognitive and experiential perceptions of antisemitism, and to the typology of practical, populist, political, and narrative antisemitism.
M6 formalism – generalization of the laser beam quality factor M2 to the 3D domain
Authors: Brodsky Alexander , Kaplan Natan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Here we define a theoretical basis for the generalization of the beam quality factor M2 to three-dimensional (3D) space, which we call M6 formalism. The formalism is established through the use of examples of multifocal and Axicon optical systems to illustrate discrete and continuous axial beam shaping, respectively. For the continuous case, we expand the definition of the Rayleigh range to incorporate a quality factor having both axial and transverse components

M

add

2

$M_{{\rm{add}}}^2$

and M2. Using geometrical ray tracing simulations, a proportion factor C is found to empirically describe the axial quality factor

M
z
2

$M_z^2$

of an optical setup including an Axicon and a paraxial focusing lens with a Gaussian single mode input beam. Using our M6 formalism depth of focus (DOF) ranges are calculated for higher M2 beams, and are shown to be in good agreement with the simulated DOF range, demonstrating the usefulness of the M6 formalism for the design of real optical systems.
Feature selection for classification in Steady state visually evoked potentials (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces with genetic algorithm
Authors: Karkosz Stanisław , Jukiewicz Marcin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Optimization of Brain-Computer Interface by detecting the minimal number of morphological features of signal that maximize accuracy.

Methods
System of signal processing and morphological features extractor was designed, then the genetic algorithm was used to select such characteristics that maximize the accuracy of the signal’s frequency recognition in offline Brain-Computer Interface (BCI).

Results
The designed system provides higher accuracy results than a previously developed system that uses the same preprocessing methods, however, different results were achieved for various subjects.

Conclusions
It is possible to enhance the previously developed BCI by combining it with morphological features extraction, however, it’s performance is dependent on subject variability.
Extreme Parties and Political Rents
Authors: Aytimur R. Emre 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We study the rent-seeking behavior of political parties in a proportional representation system. In our model, the final policy choice of the parliament is a weighted average of parties’ policy positions, weights being their vote shares. An extreme party chooses a higher rent level than a moderate party in exchange for greater policy influence, except in some cases of unlikely distributions of parties. Moreover, political rents are not eliminated even with free entry, unless the entry cost is arbitrarily small.