bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of the Newborn Behavioral Observations (NBO) system in early intervention: A multisite randomized controlled trial
Authors: McManus Beth M. , Blanchard Yvette , Murphy Natalie J. , Nugent J. Kevin 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of an infant mental health intervention, the Newborn Behavioral Observations system (NBO), versus usual care (UC) on infant neurodevelopment and maternal depressive symptoms in early intervention (EI). This multisite randomized trial enrolled newborns into the NBO (n = 16) or UC group (n = 22) and followed them for 6 months. Outcome measures included the Battelle Developmental Inventory (BDI‐2), Bayley Scales of Infants Development (BSID‐III), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D). The CES‐D and BSID‐III were collected at 3‐ and 6‐months post EI entry and the BDI‐2 was collected at EI entry and 6‐months post‐EI entry. We estimated group differences [95% CI], adjusting for program characteristics. At 6 months, the NBO group had greater gains in Communication (b = 1.0 [0.2, 1.8]), Self‐Care (b = 2.0 [0.1, 3.9]), Perception and Concepts (b = 2.0 [0.4, 3.6]), and Attention and Memory (b = 3.0 [0.4, 6.0]) than the UC group. The NBO group also had greater decline in maternal postnatal depressive symptoms (b = −2.0 [−3.7, −0.3]) than the UC group. Infants receiving the NBO infant mental health intervention had greater gains in cognitive and adaptive functions at 6 months than infants receiving UC. Caregivers receiving NBO care had greater improvements in maternal depressive symptoms than caregivers receiving UC.
Hostile/Helpless maternal representations in pregnancy and later child removal: A pilot study
Authors: Terry Madeleine , Finger Brent , Lyons‐Ruth Karlen , Sadler Lois S. , Slade Arietta 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTThis article presents the results of a small pilot study examining links between Hostile/Helpless (HH) representations of caregiving in pregnancy and later child removal by child protective services. The sample was drawn from a replication study of the Minding the Baby® attachment‐based home‐visiting intervention conducted in the United Kingdom, serving young first‐time mothers in under resourced communities. The HH classification system (Lyons‐Ruth et al.) was adapted for use with the Pregnancy Interview (PI) (Slade); 26 PIs were assessed (coders blinded) in a sample that included 13 mothers whose infants were removed from custody due to anticipated or documented maltreatment within 2 years of childbirth, and 13 mothers who did not have their infants removed. Mothers whose infants were removed from their custody had significantly higher HH scores than mothers of infants who were not removed from their care (F(1, 24) = 14.500, p < .001), and the relation between overall HH classification and infant removal status was also significant (χ2(1, N = 26) = 12.462, p < .001). Results suggest that prenatal maternal caregiving representations may predict postnatal relationship disruptions, and indicate the need for larger studies further testing this prenatal approach to maltreatment risk assessment in at‐risk populations.
Adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy among pregnant and postpartum women during the Option B+ era: 12‐month cohort study in urban South Africa and rural Uganda
Authors: Matthews Lynn T , Orrell Catherine , Bwana Mwebesa Bosco , Tsai Alexander C , Psaros Christina , Asiimwe Stephen , Amanyire Gideon , Musinguzi Nicholas , Bell Kathleen , Bangsberg David R , Haberer Jessica E ,   the META Study Investigators
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionWe conducted a cohort study to understand patterns of anti‐retroviral therapy (ART) adherence during pregnancy, postpartum and non‐pregnancy follow‐up among women initiating ART in public clinics offering Option B+ in rural Uganda and urban South Africa.MethodsWe collected survey data, continuously monitored ART adherence (Wisepill), HIV‐RNA and pregnancy tests at zero, six and twelve months from women initiating ART in Uganda and South Africa, 2015 to 2017. The primary predictor of interest was follow‐up time categorized as pregnant (pregnancy diagnosis to pregnancy end), postpartum (pregnancy end to study exit) or non‐pregnancy‐related (neither pregnant nor postpartum). Fractional regression models included demographics and socio‐behavioural factors informed by the Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations. We evaluated HIV‐RNA at 12 months by ever‐ versus never‐pregnant status.ResultsIn Uganda, 247 women contributed 676, 900 and 1274 months of pregnancy, postpartum and non‐pregnancy‐related follow‐up. Median ART adherence was consistently ≥90%: pregnancy, 94% (interquartile range [IQR] 78,98); postpartum, 90% (IQR 70,97) and non‐pregnancy, 90% (IQR 80,98). Poorer adherence was associated with younger age (0.98% [95% CI 0.33%, 1.62%] average increase per year of age) and higher CD4 cell count (1.01% [0.08%, 1.94%] average decrease per 50 cells/mm3). HIV‐RNA was suppressed among 91% (N = 135) ever‐pregnant and 86% (N = 85) never‐pregnant women. In South Africa, 190 women contributed 259, 624 and 1247 months of pregnancy, postpartum and non‐pregnancy‐related follow‐up. Median adherence was low during pregnancy, 74% (IQR 31,96); postpartum, 40% (IQR 4,65) and non‐pregnancy, 77% (IQR 47,92). Poorer adherence was associated with postpartum status (22.3% [95%CI 8.6%, 35.4%] average decrease compared to non‐pregnancy‐related follow‐up) and less emotional support (1.4% [0.22%, 2.58%] average increase per unit increase). HIV‐RNA was suppressed among 57% (N = 47) ever‐pregnant and 86% (N = 93) never‐pregnant women.ConclusionsWomen in rural Uganda maintained high adherence with 91% of ever‐pregnant and 86% of never‐pregnant women suppressing HIV‐RNA at 12 months. Women in urban South Africa struggled with adherence, particularly during postpartum follow‐up with median adherence of 40% and 57% of women with HIV‐RNA suppression at one year, suggesting a crisis for postpartum women with HIV in South Africa. Findings suggest that effective interventions should promote emotional support.
The role of ubiquitinase in B cell development and function
Authors: Zhang Tong , Sun Jianxuan , Cheng Jiali , Yin Wei , Li Jingwen , Miller Heather , Herrada Andrés A , Gu Heng , Song Hongmei , Chen Yan , Gong Quan , Liu Chaohong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Ubiquitinases are a select group of enzymes that modify target proteins through ubiquitination, which plays a crucial role in the regulation of protein degradation, location, and function. B lymphocytes that originated from bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), exert humoral immune functions by differentiating into plasma cells and producing antibodies. Previous studies have shown that ubiquitination is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and signal transduction important for B lymphocyte development and function. In this review, how ubiquitinases regulate B cell development, activation, apoptosis, and proliferation is discussed, which could help in understanding the physiological processes and diseases related to B cells and also provides potential new targets for further studies.
Preoperative paraspinal neck muscle characteristics predict early onset adjacent segment degeneration in anterior cervical fusion patients: A machine‐learning modeling analysis
Authors: Wong Arnold Y. L. , Harada Garrett , Lee Remy , Gandhi Sapan D. , Dziedzic Adam , Espinoza‐Orias Alejandro , Parnianpour Mohamad , Louie Philip K. , Basques Bryce , An Howard S. , Samartzis Dino 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEarly onset adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) can be found within six months after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Deficits in deep paraspinal neck muscles may be related to early onset ASD. This study aimed to determine whether the morphometry of preoperative deep neck muscles (multifidus and semispinalis cervicis) predicted early onset ASD in patients with ACDF. Thirty‐two cases of early onset ASD after a two‐level ACDF and 30 matched non‐ASD cases were identified from a large‐scale cohort. The preoperative total cross‐sectional area (CSA) of bilateral deep neck muscles and the lean muscle CSAs from C3 to C7 levels were measured manually on T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Paraspinal muscle CSA asymmetry at each level was calculated. A support vector machine (SVM) algorithm was used to identify demographic, radiographic, and/or muscle parameters that predicted proximal/distal ASD development. No significant between‐group differences in demographic or preoperative radiographic data were noted (mean age: 52.4 ± 10.9 years). ACDFs comprised C3 to C5 (n = 9), C4 to C6 (n = 20), and C5 to C7 (n = 32) cases. Eighteen, eight, and six patients had proximal, distal, or both ASD, respectively. The SVM model achieved high accuracy (96.7%) and an area under the curve (AUC = 0.97) for predicting early onset ASD. Asymmetry of fat at C5 (coefficient: 0.06), and standardized measures of C7 lean (coefficient: 0.05) and total CSA measures (coefficient: 0.05) were the strongest predictors of early onset ASD. This is the first study to show that preoperative deep neck muscle CSA, composition, and asymmetry at C5 to C7 independently predicted postoperative early onset ASD in patients with ACDF. Paraspinal muscle assessments are recommended to identify high‐risk patients for personalized intervention.
Peptide separation selectivity in proteomics LC‐MS experiments: Comparison of formic and mixed formic/heptafluorobutyric acids ion‐pairing modifiers
Authors: Gussakovsky Daniel , Anderson Geoff , Spicer Vic , Krokhin Oleg V. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSeparation selectivity and detection sensitivity of reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry analyses were compared for formic (0.1%) and formic/heptafluorobutyric (0.1%/0.005%) acid based eluents using a proteomic data set of ∼12 000 paired peptides. The addition of a small amount of hydrophobic heptafluorobutyric acid ion‐pairing modifier increased peptide retention by up to 10% acetonitrile depending on peptide charge, size, and hydrophobicity. Retention increase was greatest for peptides that were short, highly charged, and hydrophilic. There was an ∼3.75‐fold reduction in MS signal observed across the whole population of peptides following the addition of heptafluorobutyric acid. This resulted in ∼36% and ∼21% reduction of detected proteins and unique peptides for the whole cell lysate digests, respectively. We also confirmed that the separation selectivity of the formic/heptafluorobutyric acid system was very similar to the commonly used conditions of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid, and developed a new version of the Sequence‐Specific Retention calculator model for the formic/heptafluorobutyric acid system showing the same ∼0.98 R2‐value accuracy as the Sequence‐Specific Retention calculator formic acid model. In silico simulation of peptide distribution in separation space showed that the addition of 0.005% heptafluorobutyric acid to the 0.1% formic acid system increased potential proteome coverage by ∼11% of detectable species (tryptic peptides ≥ four amino acids).
Role of place image in support for tourism development: The mediating role of multi‐dimensional impacts
Authors: Tosun Cevat , Dedeoğlu Bekir Bora , Çalışkan Caner , Karakuş Yusuf 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between place image, perception of tourism impacts, and support for tourism within the framework of multi‐dimensionalities of both place image and tourism impacts. With Urgup, Turkey, serving as the destination context, the study population comprises of 336 survey responses from local households. Variance‐based partial least squares‐structural equation modeling was used to analyze data with the mediating role of resident perception of tourism positive impact dimensions associated with place image as a major tool for destination development. In light of the study's findings, while entertainment services and social environment as sub‐dimensions of the place image were found to positively affect all dimensions of tourism's positive impacts, the results also illustrated that the dimension of community service positively and significantly affected the perceptions of economic and socio‐cultural impacts. Moreover, the positively perceived economic, environmental, and socio‐cultural effects of tourism positively affected the social support for tourism development. Accordingly, destination management organizations (DMOs) are advised to adopt strategies to ensure that the relationship between the place‐image perceptions of residents and their support for tourism in the light of a possible mediator effect of tourism positive impacts are taken into account during destination development plan. The paper closes by arguing that the local people's positive place‐image perception about and support for tourism development in their residential area may not be sustained unless further supportive measures are taken by local and central governments.
Social Anhedonia is Associated with Low Social Network Diversity in Trauma‐Exposed Adults
Authors: Olson Elizabeth A. , Pizzagalli Diego A. , Rosso Isabelle M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSocial anhedonia has been proposed to contribute to social isolation in several psychiatric disorders, but it has not been examined in relation to deficits in social connection that also characterize posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A growing body of evidence emphasizes the health importance of structural features of social networks, including their size and complexity. The current study examined the association between social anhedonia and social network features in a sample of trauma‐exposed participants with and without PTSD as well as in non–trauma‐exposed controls. Participants (N = 101; n = 37 healthy controls, n = 23 trauma‐exposed without PTSD; n = 41 lifetime PTSD) completed self‐report measures of social anhedonia (Revised Social Anhedonia Scale) and structural social network features, including social network size, diversity, and the number of embedded networks (Social Network Index). Relative to healthy controls, participants with PTSD reported significantly lower social network sizes and fewer embedded networks. In the combined trauma‐exposed sample, higher ratings of social anhedonia were associated with lower social network diversity, r(62) = −.43, p < .001, an effect that remained statistically significant after controlling for PTSD and depression symptom severity. These results suggest that elevated social anhedonia in trauma‐exposed individuals may contribute to disruptions in social network structure consistent with social isolation.
Challenges and boundaries in implementing social return on investment: An inquiry into its situational appropriateness
Authors: Nielsen Janni Grouleff , Lueg Rainer , Van Liempd Dennis 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNonprofit organizations (NPOs) and social enterprises are increasingly under pressure to justify their use of resources and report their impact on society. Frameworks that monetize social value such as social return on investment (SROI) have emerged as a response. The existing literature highlights many benefits and technical challenges of SROI, but largely ignores strategic and organizational learning aspects. This paper explores the use of SROI in an NPO conducting cultural heritage preservation. By analyzing the challenges managers face in agreeing on a reliable (“correct”) computation of SROI and in assessing the validity and relevance (“appropriateness”) of SROI, we seek to understand the challenges and boundaries of SROI. Challenges with a reliable computation of SROI are identifying stakeholders, the choice of proxies, the time horizons, and deadweight factors. Challenges with an appropriate SROI calculation are comparability, subjectivity, legitimacy, and resource utility. We argue that SROI calculations might not be reliable or appropriate in organizations with fuzzy purposes, broad value creation goals, broad target groups, very individual or subjective proxies, strongly lagged outcomes, complex or unobservable causality, and with lack of legitimacy among stakeholders. Organizations should not trustingly adopt SROI without being aware of these limitations.
Mechanical and thermal properties of microchannel insulating foams comprising a multifunctional epoxy/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane nanocomposite
Authors: Schmid Eric D. , Veluswamy N. Krishnan P. , Salem David R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPolymer matrix composites are well suited for applications in space environments due to their excellent specific strengths and moduli, thermal properties, and tailorability. In efforts to further improve their performance, additives based on functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) have been successfully shown to increase long‐term durability by improving Atomic Oxygen (AO) and UV radiation resistance, as well as enhance both the thermal and mechanical properties of the polymer‐based structure. In the present work, an epoxy‐functionalized POSS has been used as a low‐percentage additive in the epoxy matrix structure of microchannel foams, resulting in improved mechanical properties and thermal stability without significantly increasing the resin viscosity, final bulk density, or thermal conductivity of the final foam structures. These nanocomposite POSS resins are also expected to display increased AO and UV longevity in space applications, allowing these multifunctional materials to not only achieve high‐performance capabilities but also be economically suitable for devices used in space environments.
Engineering Nicotiana tabacum for the de novo biosynthesis of DMNT to regulate orientation behavior of the parasitoid wasps Microplitis mediator
Authors: Liu Danfeng , Li Wei , An Xingkui , Ghasemzadeh Somayyeh , Huang Xinzheng , Chen Jieyin , Kou Junfeng , Sun Peiyao , Zhang Yongjun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBACKGROUND(E)‐4,8‐dimethylnona‐1,3,7‐triene (DMNT), one of the homoterpenes, is thought to contribute to plant indirect defense against insect herbivores. DMNT‐enriched plants have great application potential to regulate insect behavior in the ‘push & pull’ strategy of pest management. However, de novo biosynthesis of DMNT in plants without a homoterpene metabolic pathway in their wild type is still not achieved, and the role of DMNT played in these plants and their interacted insects remains unclear.RESULTSCytochrome P450s and terpene synthases involved in homoterpenes biosynthesis in cotton plants were employed to generate DMNT‐releasing tobacco plants. Single GhTPS14 transgenic Nicotiana tabacum only emitted (E)‐nerolidol, the precursor of DMNT. Transgenic tobaccos expressing single GhCYP82Ls were unable to produce DMNT or TMTT, while DMNT was detected when exogenous (E)‐nerolidol was added. Compared to wild‐type plants, only co‐expression of GhCYP82Ls and GhTPS14 in transgenic tobaccos triggered the constitutive release of single‐component DMNT. Furthermore, DMNT‐emitting transgenic tobacco plants, whether infested with Helicoverpa armigera larvae or not, significantly incited orientation behavior of parasitoid wasps Microplitis mediator.CONCLUSIONWild type N. tabacum plants have no DMNT metabolic pathway. DMNT could be de novo biosynthesized via co‐expression of GhCYP82Ls and GhTPS14. What is more, the parasitoid wasp M. mediator could be recruited by DMNT‐releasing transgenic tobaccos, especially by H. armigera‐infested transgenic tobaccos, suggesting the potential roles of engineered N. tabacum in regulating the behavioral preference of M. mediator.
Efficacy ofBacillus megateriumstrain Sneb207 against soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) in soybean
Authors: Zhou Yuanyuan , Chen Jingsheng , Zhu Xiaofeng , Wang Yuanyuan , Liu Xiaoyu , Fan Haiyan , Duan Yuxi , Chen Lijie 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe soybean cyst nematode (SCN,Heterodera glycines) is the most devastating and yield‐limiting pest in soybean worldwide. With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, biological control becomes more and more urgent. TheBacillus megateriumSneb207 has previously shown the ability to inhibit the movement of SCN, but little is known about its effect on nematode control in agricultural settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Sneb207 against SCN and investigate the ability of Sneb207 to induce systemic resistance toH. glycinesin soybean.RESULTSThe stability and efficiency of SCN control by Sneb207 was assessed in two field experiments. Compared to non‐treated control, Sneb207 significantly reduced the number of cysts, SCN juveniles, and eggs, while it promoted soybean growth. Furthermore, results of two pot experiments showed that the number of initial infections of second‐stage juveniles were 231.75 and 131.3 after Sneb207 treatment, respectively, lower than control (274.75 and 215.33). Sneb207 reduced the total number of juveniles and females, and lengthened SCN development time. Moreover, through the split‐root system and real‐time quantitative PCR experiments, we found that Sneb207 induced systemic resistance and enhanced the gene expression ofGmACS9b,GmEDS1,GmPAD4,GmSAMT1, andGmNPR1‐1involved in the salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways at different levels.CONCLUSIONOur results demonstrate thatB. megateriumSneb207 inhibits the invasion, the development, and reproduction of SCN by inducing systemic resistance. The overall outcomes of the present study supportB. megateriumSneb207 as a potential biocontrol agent forH. glycines.
A method for sample size calculation via E‐value in the planning of observational studies
Authors: Fang Yixin , He Weili , Hu Xiaofei , Wang Hongwei 
Published: August 2020

SummaryConfounding adjustment plays a key role in designing observational studies such as cross‐sectional studies, case‐control studies, and cohort studies. In this article, we propose a simple method for sample size calculation in observational research in the presence of confounding. The method is motivated by the notion of E‐value, using some bounding factor to quantify the impact of confounders on the effect size. The method can be applied to calculate the needed sample size in observational research when the outcome variable is binary, continuous, or time‐to‐event. The method can be implemented straightforwardly using existing commercial software such as the PASS software. We demonstrate the performance of the proposed method through numerical examples, simulation studies, and a real application, which show that the proposed method is conservative in providing a slightly bigger sample size than what it needs to achieve a given power.
Wheat ‐Gluten‐Directed Facile Synthesis of AgAuQC: Probing Inner Filter Effects and Electron Transfer for Bilirubin Detection
Authors: Mathew Meegle S. , Philip Anoop , Joseph Kuruvilla 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper presents the development of a facile and cost effective method for the preparation of highly stable red fluorescent wheat gluten stabilized AgAu alloy quantum clusters (AgAuQC@gluten) through galvanic exchange reaction (GER). The as prepared AgAuQC@gluten were characterized by various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The QCs exhibited a red fluorescence emission at 690 nm with an appreciable quantum yield of 9.5%.The pH stability and photo stability of QCs were analyzed and was found to display excellent stability in all pH range (1‐12). They also exhibited photostability against UV irradiation for a few hours. Additionally, AgAuQC@gluten were utilized as a fluorescent probe for highly selective sensing of bilirubin. The detection limit was found to be 50 nM. Photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and inner filter effect (IFE) are responsible for the strong quenching of fluorescence of these QCs.Furthermore this method has been validated by applying it for the determination of bilirubin in real blood samples.