bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dyrenes betydning i religion og filosofi – en oversigt
Authors: Albinus Lars 
Published: December 2020

Lars Albinus
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this article, I present an overview of the meaning and significance of animals in a religious context, ranging from tribal cultures to a Christian tradition. Furthermore, I will draw a line to current philosophical and eco-critical debates. My thesis is that in many cultures humans have had a tendency to regard animals as a mediating link between life in this world and a transcendent form of being. In animistic and totemistic ontologies animals are closely related to divinities as well as to humanity as such, whereas in more developed forms of religion they become part of a hierarchy as mediators between humans and gods. This is seen, for instance, in sacrificial cult. Later their significance decreases according to their predominant role of being moral similes. In our own times, however, animals seem to regain a significance as beings in their own right owing to our increasing ecological awareness. Prominent philosophers such as Derrida and Agamben have thus questioned the traditional view of human exceptionalism and opened up for a new understanding of the relationship between being animal and being human. I finally suggest that Agamben’s concept of ‘bare life’ and an eco-critical notion of stewardship concerning endangered species, as well as animals in general, both conceive of the animal as a new kind of immanent transcendence.
DANSK SUMMARY: Jeg tegner i denne artikel et omrids af dyrenes betydning i en religiøs kontekst (fra stammefolk til en kristen tradition) samt i en filosofisk og øko-kritisk optik. Min tese er, at dyrene i mange kulturer har ansporet mennesket til at se dem som bindeled mellem livet i denne verden og en transcendent væren. I animistiske og totemistiske ontologier er dyrene tæt forbundet med både mennesker og guder, hvorimod de i de arkaiske religioner indgår i et hierarki, hvor de, blandt andet gennem ofringer, udgør den medierende instans mellem mennesker og guder. Senere antager de hovedsagelig en metaforisk betydning som moralske sindbilleder. Vores egen tid oplever en stigende økologisk bevidsthed om dyrenes egenværdi, og markante filosoffer som Derrida og Agamben har stillet spørgsmål ved den traditionelle grænse mellem dyr og mennesker, som antropocentrismen har levet højt på i århundreder. Jeg hævder i den forbindelse, at der hersker en indbyrdes forbindelse mellem Agambens begreb om det nøgne liv og en øko-kritisk omsorg for dyret, som gør det til en ny form for immanent transcendens.
Co‐Delivery of 131I and Prima‐1 by Self‐Assembled CD44‐Targeted Nanoparticles for Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Theranostics
Authors: Huang Shuo , Zhang Linlin , Xu Miaomiao , Li Chao , Fu Hongliang , Huang Jie , Jin Xin , Liang Sheng , Wang Hui 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNew radionuclide‐labeled targeting nanocarrier systems have generated new opportunities for tumor treatment and imaging. Nevertheless, such therapeutic strategy is clinically unfeasible on anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) patients, because of lacking suitable targets and resistance to radiation. In order to figure out a potential treatment, immuno‐histochemical staining is performed in human ATC tissue species and high expression of cluster determinant 44 (CD44) is found. Therefore, a CD44‐targeted delivery system is designed and constructed by self‐assembly of tyrosine (Tyr)–hyaluronic acid (HA)–polyethyleneimine (PEI), which can radiolabel 131/125I and load a p53 mutant restoring regent, Prima‐1. The 125I‐labeled nanocomposites display an impressive tumor imaging as well as a long radiation treatment cycle. The 131I‐labeled nanoparticles show remarkable anti ATC‐tumor effects in vitro and in vivo, due to radiosensitization of Prima‐1 by reactivation of the p53 mutants.
Effect of silane treated fly ash on physico‐mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of recycled poly(vinyl chloride) composites
Authors: Gohatre Omdeo Kishorrao , Biswal Manoranjan , Mohanty Smita , Nayak Sanjay K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe silane treatment on properties of fly ash (FA) and development of its composite using recycled poly(vinyl chloride) (r‐PVC) material retrieve from waste wires and cable insulation are investigated in this work. The use of (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane was employed as a coupling agent with some other essential additives. The composites sheet was prepared by means of the melt mixing process and go along with the compression molding process. The superior properties on compatibility between silane‐modified FA (FA(Si)) and r‐PVC were successfully studied using rheological, thermomechanical, morphological, and water absorption analysis. Primary analysis of r‐PVC and FA was employed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The thermal stability of composites was stable up to 187°C. In addition, significant enhancement on tensile strength as well as young's modulus of composite as compared to untreated r‐PVC/FA composites. Morphological properties of silane treated FA based composites presented the good distribution and excellent uniformity with higher wettability of FA particles within r‐PVC matrix. The water absorption test showed decrease in water absorption with increase silane treatment concentration FA in the r‐PVC matrix. It was remarkable to note that silane treated FA can be prepared as a composite using r‐PVC matrix with further modified properties.
Medication and healthcare utilization variation among older adults with pain
Authors: O'Neill Aoife , Purtill Helen , Kelly Dervla , McCreesh Karen , Robinson Katie , O'Sullivan Kieran 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhile pain is very common in older adults, the associated impact on daily life, including usage of medication and healthcare, varies considerably and often pain remains inadequately treated. It is not clear what is associated with this variation.MethodsLatent class analysis (LCA) is a model‐based approach to identifying underlying subgroups in a population. In this study LCA was used to examine biopsychosocial risk classes of adults aged 50 years and older, who were often troubled by pain, from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), (n = 2,896), and the associations with future medication and healthcare use.ResultsFour biopsychosocial risk classes (Low Biopsychosocial Risk, Physical Health Risk, Mental Health Risk, High Biopsychosocial Risk) were identified, with the 'High Biopsychosocial Risk' class accounting for 24% of older adults with pain. This class were much more likely to use medication and healthcare services when followed up across three waves of the TILDA study. In contrast, the Physical Health Risk and the Mental Health Risk classes reported lower usage of medication and healthcare at waves 2 and 3. Amongst the higher risk classes of older adults who are troubled by pain, there is considerable consumption of medication and healthcare services evident.ConclusionGiven our ageing population and significant number of adults in this high risk class, there is a need to optimize current pain management approaches among older adults. Intensive non‐pharmacological approaches to pain management in older adults, tailored to individual biopsychosocial risk indicators for each individual class, may be worth exploring.SignificanceWhile pain is very common in older adults, the usage of medication and healthcare varies considerably and often pain remains inadequately treated. Given our ageing population and the significant number of older adults reporting high biopsychosocial risk (24%), there is a need to optimize current pain management approaches. Intensive non‐pharmacological approaches to pain management in older adults, tailored to individual biopsychosocial risk indicators for each individual class, may be worth exploring.
Berry Curvature and Riemann Curvature in Kinematic Space with Spherical Entangling Surface
Authors: Huang Xing , Ma Chen‐Te 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe discover the connection between the Berry curvature and the Riemann curvature tensor in any kinematic space of minimal surfaces anchored on spherical entangling surfaces. This new holographic principle establishes the Riemann geometry in kinematic space of arbitrary dimensions from the holonomy of modular Hamiltonian, which in the higher dimensions is specified by a pair of time‐like separated points as in CFT1 and CFT2. The Berry curvature that we constructed also shares the same property of the Riemann curvature for all geometry: internal symmetry; skew symmetry; first Bianchi identity. We derive the algebra of the modular Hamiltonian and its deformation, the latter of which can provide the maximal modular chaos to the modular scrambling modes. The algebra also dictates the parallel transport, which leads to the Berry curvature exactly matching to the Riemann curvature tensor. Finally, we compare CFT1 to higher dimensional CFTs and show the difference from the OPE block.
Alzheimer's disease knowledge among American Indians and Alaska Natives
Authors: Jernigan Meghan , Boyd Amanda D. , Noonan Carolyn , Buchwald Dedra 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe population of American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) aged 65 and older is growing rapidly, raising concerns about Alzheimer's disease (AD) in their communities.MethodsWe distributed a survey incorporating the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale to 341 AI/AN community members attending cultural events. We computed average adjusted predictions and 95% confidence intervals from a linear regression model, used joint F tests to examine differences in scores according to demographic variables, calculated the percentage of correct items for each participant, and computed domain‐specific averages across the sample.ResultsThe average score was 19.0 (maximum 30); the average percentage of correct responses was 63%. Higher scores were associated with education but not with age, sex, or rural versus urban residence. Low scores were observed for items on caregiving and disease risk.DiscussionParticipants were moderately well informed about AD, but specific knowledge domains call for community outreach and education.
A New Era with New Characteristics and Contradictions
Authors: Hu Angang , Yan Yilong , Tang Xiao , Liu Shenglong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis new era will be an era of building on past successes to further advance our cause, and of continuing in a new historical context to strive for the success of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It will be an era of securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and of moving on to all-out efforts to build a great modern socialist country. It will be an era for the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to work together to create a better life for themselves and achieve common prosperity for everyone. It will be an era for all of us, the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, to strive with one heart to realize the Chinese dream of national rejuvenation. It will be an era that sees China moving closer to the center stage and making greater contributions to mankind.
Partizipative Gesundheitsforschung: Ursprünge und heutiger Stand
Authors: Wright Michael T. 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungPartizipative Gesundheitsforschung (PGF) wird international – und seit einigen Jahren auch in Deutschland – zunehmend als Möglichkeit wahrgenommen, wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse zu erzeugen, die unmittelbar zur Verbesserung von Gesundheitschancen für sozial benachteiligte Bevölkerungsgruppen beitragen. Zentrales Merkmal der PGF ist die direkte Beteiligung der Menschen am Forschungsprozess, deren Arbeits- oder Lebensverhältnisse Gegenstand der Forschung sind. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über Ursprünge, Grundlagen und aktuelle Entwicklungen der PGF. Wissenschaftliche Literatur aus der internationalen Diskussion um die PGF wird im Sinne eines narrativen Reviews rezipiert, der Schwerpunkt liegt auf Überblicksarbeiten und Publikationen der International Collaboration for Participatory Health Research.Das Review ergibt, dass eine wachsende Anzahl von Forschenden im Gesundheitsbereich partizipativ arbeitet. Es ist auch deutlich erkennbar, dass ein eigenständiger wissenschaftlicher Diskurs und diverse Vereinigungen partizipativ Forschender sich in vielen Ländern etabliert haben. Folgende aktuelle internationale Entwicklungen sind hervorzuheben: Konsolidierung und Vernetzung, Klärung der Frage, was Partizipation in der Forschung bedeutet, Evaluation der Auswirkungen und des Mehrwerts der PGF, Weiterentwicklung der PGF in spezifischen Anwendungsbereichen und die Klärung ethischer Fragen in der PGF.
Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases and ecto-5′-nucleotidase in purinergic signaling: how the field developed and where we are now
Authors: Zimmermann Herbert 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGeoffrey Burnstock will be remembered as the scientist who set up an entirely new field of intercellular communication, signaling via nucleotides. The signaling cascades involved in purinergic signaling include intracellular storage of nucleotides, nucleotide release, extracellular hydrolysis, and the effect of the released compounds or their hydrolysis products on target tissues via specific receptor systems. In this context ectonucleotidases play several roles. They inactivate released and physiologically active nucleotides, produce physiologically active hydrolysis products, and facilitate nucleoside recycling. This review briefly highlights the development of our knowledge of two types of enzymes involved in extracellular nucleotide hydrolysis and thus purinergic signaling, the ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases, and ecto-5′-nucleotidase.
Kinderarmut in Deutschland
Authors: Butterwegge Christoph 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungBei der Kinderarmut handelt es sich um eine der verheerendsten Ausprägungen des Polarisierungsprozesses, der die sozioökonomische Ungleichheit als das eigentliche Kardinalproblem der Bundesrepublik, wenn nicht der ganzen Menschheit, verschärft hat. Daher muss Armutsbekämpfung auf sämtlichen Ebenen des föderalen Systems (Bund, Länder und Kommunen) sowie allen dafür geeigneten Politikfeldern ansetzen, von denen im Artikel exemplarisch die Arbeitsmarkt‑, Beschäftigungs- und Sozialpolitik, die Familienpolitik, die Bildungs- und Schulpolitik sowie der Wohnungs‑, Wohnungsbau- und Stadtentwicklungspolitik behandelt werden.
Porophyllum woodii (Compositae: Heliantheae: Pectidinae), a new species from Prov. Burnet O’Connor, Departamento de Tarija, Bolivia
Authors: Hind D. J. Nicholas 
Published: December 2020

SummaryPorophyllum woodii (Compositae: Heliantheae: Pectidinae), a new species from Prov. Burnet O’Connor, Departamento de Tarija, Bolivia, is described and illustrated. This new species is distinctive in that it is apparently the largest shrubby species in South America, with flowering plants up to 1.5 m tall, possessing alternate, long-linear, spreading to recurved leaves, solitary terminal capitula with phyllaries with two more-or-less even rows of linear glands, and about 40 – 45 florets per capitulum.
Using Sequence Analysis to Determine the Well-Functioning of Small Groups in Large Online Courses
Authors: Hoppe H. Ulrich , Doberstein Dorian , Hecking Tobias 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCollaborative learning in small groups can enrich and enhance the learning experience in large online courses by facilitating interaction and collaborative knowledge building between peers. on the work reported here addresses scenarios based on asynchronous communication and exchange. As compared to synchronous and face-to-face settings, these scenarios require higher explicit coordination efforts and specific support mechanisms to reach out to inactive group members. This can be achieved by human tutors as well as through automatic interventions by the system in the organization and facilitation of group work. Our approach is based on characterizing the quality or well-functioning of collaboration using sequence alignment techniques that were originally developed in bioinformatics for the comparison of DNA sequences. Sequence alignment provides a similarity measure between pairs of action logs originating from the group work. The ensuing similarity matrix allows for clustering the working groups characterized by the similarity of their complete action logs. Notably, these clusters differ clearly in terms of quality measures related to the activity distribution and group output. This allows for determining quality indicators that can trigger feedback and adaptive scaffolding. Our data stem from inter-university online courses in which regular (weekly or bi-weekly) assignments had to be completed in small groups supported by an online forum for coordination and a separate tool for the actual collaborative writing. The basic actions are interpreted/coded as different contribution types, namely coordination, monitoring, minor/major contributions. Longer periods of inactivity are coded as another type of action (“gap”). These are the building blocks for the sequence alignment. One consequence of our analysis is a revision of the intuitive assumption that inactivity is a main indicator of inefficient group work: We found that inactivity can be compensated by early coordination to the extent that coordination is even the most important factor for successful group work. These insights are now being used to design alert mechanisms to signal inefficient group work and to generate timely interventions.
Probabilistic convergence and stability of random mapper graphs
Authors: Brown Adam , Bobrowski Omer , Munch Elizabeth , Wang Bei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe study the probabilistic convergence between the mapper graph and the Reeb graph of a topological space $${\mathbb {X}}$$
X
equipped with a continuous function $$f: {\mathbb {X}}\rightarrow \mathbb {R}$$

f
:
X
→
R

. We first give a categorification of the mapper graph and the Reeb graph by interpreting them in terms of cosheaves and stratified covers of the real line $$\mathbb {R}$$
R
. We then introduce a variant of the classic mapper graph of Singh et al. (in: Eurographics symposium on point-based graphics, 2007), referred to as the enhanced mapper graph, and demonstrate that such a construction approximates the Reeb graph of $$({\mathbb {X}}, f)$$

(
X
,
f
)

when it is applied to points randomly sampled from a probability density function concentrated on $$({\mathbb {X}}, f)$$

(
X
,
f
)

. Our techniques are based on the interleaving distance of constructible cosheaves and topological estimation via kernel density estimates. Following Munch and Wang (In: 32nd international symposium on computational geometry, volume 51 of Leibniz international proceedings in informatics (LIPIcs), Dagstuhl, Germany, pp 53:1–53:16, 2016), we first show that the mapper graph of $$({\mathbb {X}}, f)$$

(
X
,
f
)

, a constructible $$\mathbb {R}$$
R
-space (with a fixed open cover), approximates the Reeb graph of the same space. We then construct an isomorphism between the mapper of $$({\mathbb {X}},f)$$

(
X
,
f
)

to the mapper of a super-level set of a probability density function concentrated on $$({\mathbb {X}}, f)$$

(
X
,
f
)

. Finally, building on the approach of Bobrowski et al. (Bernoulli 23(1):288–328, 2017b), we show that, with high probability, we can recover the mapper of the super-level set given a sufficiently large sample. Our work is the first to consider the mapper construction using the theory of cosheaves in a probabilistic setting. It is part of an ongoing effort to combine sheaf theory, probability, and statistics, to support topological data analysis with random data.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Sexual Health: A Preliminary Framework Based on a Qualitative Study With Clinical Sexologists
Authors: Pascoal Patrícia M. , Carvalho Joana , Raposo Catarina F. , Almeida Joana , Beato Ana Filipa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Introduction
In recent months, some attempts were made to understand the impact of COVID-19 on sexual health. Despite recent research that suggests COVID-19 and lockdown measures may eventually impact sexual response and sexually related behaviors, we are missing clinical sexologists’ perspectives on the impact of COVID-19 in sexual health. Such perspectives could inform a preliminary framework aimed at guiding future research and clinical approaches in the context of COVID-19.

Aim
To explore the perspectives of clinical sexologists about the impact of COVID-19 on their patients’ sexual health, as well as the professional challenges they have faced during the current pandemic. Findings are expected to inform a preliminary framework aimed at understanding the impact of COVID-19 on sexual health.

Methods
We conducted an online qualitative exploratory survey with 4 open-ended questions with 39 clinical sexologists aged between 32 and 73 years old. The survey was advertised among professional associations’ newsletters. We performed a Thematic Analysis using an inductive, semantic, and (critical) realist approach, leading to a final thematic map.

Main Outcome Measures
The outcome is the thematic map and the corresponding table that aggregates the main themes, subthemes, and codes derived from participants’ answers and that can serve as a preliminary framework to understand the impact of COVID-19 on sexual health.

Results
The final thematic map, expected to serve as a preliminary framework on the impact of COVID-19 in sexual health, revealed 3 main themes: Clinical Focus, Remapping Relationships, and Reframing Technology Use. These themes aggregate important interrelated issues, such as worsening of sexual problems and dysfunctions, mental health, relationship management, the rise of conservatism, and the use of new technology that influences sexuality and sexual health-related services.

Conclusion
The current study allowed us to develop a preliminary framework to understand the impact of COVID-19 on sexual health. This framework highlights the role of mental health, as well as the contextual nature of sexual problems, and subsequently, their relational nature. Also, it demonstrates that the current pandemic has brought into light the debate of e-Health delivery within clinical sexology.
The effect of hemicylindrical disruptors on the cell free layer thickness in animal blood flows inside microchannels
Authors: Dias Duarte , Sampaio Duarte , Silva Goncalo , Semiao Viriato 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBlood-side resistance to oxygen transport in extracorporeal membrane blood oxygenators (MBO) depends on fluid mechanics governing the laminar flow in very narrow channels, particularly the hemodynamics controlling the cell free layer (CFL) built-up at solid/blood interfaces. The CFL thickness constitutes a barrier to oxygen transport from the membrane towards the erythrocytes. Interposing hemicylindrical CFL disruptors in animal blood flows inside rectangular microchannels, surrogate systems of MBO mimicking their hemodynamics, proved to be effective in reducing (ca. 20%) such thickness (desirable for MBO to increase oxygen transport rates to the erythrocytes). The blockage ratio (non-dimensional measure of the disruptor penetration into the flow) increase is also effective in reducing CFL thickness (ca. 10–20%), but at the cost of risking clot formation (undesirable for MBO) for disruptors with penetration lengths larger than their radius, due to large residence times of erythrocytes inside a low-velocity CFL formed at the disruptor/wall edge.