bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional analysis of SlERF01 gene in the disease resistance to S.lycopersici
Authors: Yang Huanhuan , Li Jingfu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Tomato gray leaf spot disease caused by Stemphylium lycopersici (S. lycopersici) is a serious disease that can severely affect tomato production. So far, only resistance gene Sm has been reported and the molecular mechanism of tomato resistance to the disease remains unclear. To better understand this mechanism of tomato resistance to S. lycopersici, qRT-PCR analysis, physiological index determination, microscopic observation and transgenic technology were used in this study.Results: Our results showed that SlERF01 could be strongly induced by S. lycopersici and the exogenous hormones salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA). Furthermore, overexpression of SlERF01 enhanced the hypersensitive response to S. lycopersici and elevated the expression of defense genes in tomato. Furthermore, the accumulation of lignin, callose and H2O2 was increased in transgenic lines after inoculation with S. lycopersici. Here, our results showed that SlERF01 played an indispensable role in among multiple SA, JA and ROS signaling pathways to confer resistance to S. lycopersici invasion. Our findings also indicated that SlERF01 could activate PR1 gene expression and enhance resistance to S. lycopersici.Conclusions: We identified SlERF01, a novel tomato AP2/ERF transcription factor. The Functional verification demonstrated SlERF01 positively regulated tomato resistance to S. lycopersici. Our findings indicate that SlERF01 plays a key role in the multiple SA, JA and ROS signaling pathways to confer resistance to invasion by S. lycopersici. The findings of this study not only can help to better understanding of mechanisms of response to pathogens, but also will enable targeted breeding strategies for tomato resistance to S. lycopersici.
Significance of nuclear upregulation of LOXL2 in fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in the fibrotic process of acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Matsuo Ayako , Yanagi Shigehisa , Tsubouchi Hironobu , Miura Ayako , Shigekusa Takafumi , Matsumoto Nobuhiro , Nakazato Masamitsu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Fibrotic scarring is an important prognostic factor for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2), an amine oxidase, is thought to make an integral contribution to fibrotic scarring by facilitating collagen cross-linking. LOXL2 has also been proposed to epigenetically regulate gene expression to direct cell fate. Recent clinical outcomes demonstrated the ineffectiveness of an inhibitory monoclonal antibody against LOXL2 in patients with organ fibrosis, including fibrosis of the lungs, suggesting that sole targeting of the extracellular activity of LOXL2 is insufficient to prevent fibrotic scarring. Moreover, the involvement of LOXL2 in human ARDS remains unknown. Methods: Expression dynamics of LOXL2 during the pathological process of bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung injury model were measured by qRT-PCR and western blotting. The principal cell types expressing LOXL2 and its cellular localization were determined by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Mlg 2908, a murine lung fibroblast line, was transfected with LOXL2 siRNA or control siRNA, and then assessed for transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced Axin2+ myofibrogenic progenitor (AMP) marker expression, actin filament expression, myofibroblast differentiation, collagen expression, and alteration of the TGF-β1/Smad/Snail pathway by phalloidin staining, qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunocytochemistry. Levels of LOXL2 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in patients with ARDS and control subjects were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: LOXL2 expression was elevated in lung tissue in the fibrotic phase after injury. Nuclear upregulation of LOXL2 in fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, as well as nuclear upregulation of Snail in myofibroblasts, was evident in fibrotic lung tissue after injury. LOXL2 knockdown blocked TGF-β1-induced AMP marker expression, appearance of proto-myofibroblasts, evolution of differentiated myofibroblasts, collagen expression, and pSmad2/Snail induction in lung fibroblasts. We detected high levels of LOXL2 protein in the BALF from patients with ARDS, specifically during the fibrotic phase. Conclusions: Our results revealed that nuclear LOXL2 is upregulated in lung fibroblasts and myofibroblasts after injury and is required for generation of myofibroblast and maintenance of AMP. The high levels of LOXL2 in human ARDS lung suggest that inhibition of both intracellular and extracellular LOXL2 activity represents an attractive therapeutic target for ARDS and lung scarring.
Solitary Fibrofolliculoma of the Upper Eyelid in a 68-year Old Female: A Case Report
Authors: Wang Wenqiu , Cheng Jinwei 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background : Fibrofolliculoma is a benign, perifollicular, connective tissue tumor, and it usually arises in the form of multiple lesions, but rarely as a solitary lesion. We report a case of solitary fibrofolliculoma on the eyelid.
Case presentation: A 68-year-old female presented with an asymptomatic mass on the right upper eyelid. The lesion appeared as a flesh-colored, dome-shaped, smooth nodule being the size of 5×5×4 mm, with eyelashes protruding from the surface, and located on the upper lid margin. Shave excision was performed, and the diagnosis of fibrofolliculoma was confirmed finally through histological exam.
Conclusions: Solitary fibrofolliculomas rarely arises on the eyelid. However, it should be suspected when a flesh-colored and doom-shaped lesion of the eyelid is encountered. The benign tumor on the lid margin can be removed by shave biopsy.
An-aesthetic: Performed philosophies of sensation, confusion, and intoxication
Authors: Geary Paul 
Published: February 2020

In Michel Serres’ The Five Senses: A Philosophy of Mingled Bodies, he establishes an opposition between two mouths: the anaesthetising, speaking mouth of discourse and analysis and the aesthetic, tasting mouth of sensation. This article uses Serres’ model of the two mouths to think about the performance of knowledge and philosophy in a sensory performance event and the potential of intoxication to unveil or reveal through a process of ‘making strange’. The article begins with an outline and reading of Serres, considering his writing on the two mouths and their indicative models of knowledge, before moving to think about philosophies of confluence or confusion; the pouring or flowing together of different forms of knowing. This is coupled with outlining two modes of intoxication (losing oneself into the status quo and a process of estrangement) to think about the politics of aesthetic sensory experience in the age of commodification of live(d) experience. The second half of the article turns to a dining-performance event by Kaye Winwood entitled After Dark (2016). The event is used as a basis for more personal reflections, considering the ways intoxication makes strange and enters into performance as a revelatory experience. The article proposes a number of interconnected arguments: that sensory experience and embodiment offer a mode of knowledge; that intoxication as ‘making strange’ has potential as a philosophical gesture; and that in that estrangement, there is potential to resist the coopting of live(d) or sensory experience in an economy of commodification.
A Novel Hybrid Metaheuristic Approach to Perceive the Gender Based Identification System
Authors: Shukla Aparna , Kanungo Suvendu 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Gender recognition is one of the most challenging perceptible tasks that receiving attention in the increasing digital data era as the requirement of personalized, reliable and ethical system inevitable. A problem that we address in this paper, greatly deals with the gender based identification system. We are motivated by this problem as many recent social interactions and existing services rely on the gender of an individual, and also in forensic identification, the gender information provides the feasibility for easy and quick investigation.

Objective:
The paper primarily focused on the gender based identification problem and culminate a robust gender based recognition system with the higher accuracy rate. We attempted to perceive the gender of an individual through the multimodal biometric system by integrating the three prominent biometric traits namely: fingerprint, palm-print and hand in a specific manner. The proposed multimodal biometric for gender recognition system provides a better accuracy rate improvement with the optimal feature set which are generated from available high dimensional features set.

Method:
Aiming for the objective to reduce the search space, a hybrid meta-heuristic approach
GSA-Firefly (GFF) is introduced in this paper. The optimization approach GFF is proposed to retrieve
the optimal number of features from the high dimensional features generated by fusing the
texture features of all the three considered biometric traits along with the fingerprint minutiae features.
Furthermore, the decision tree classifier is used to classify the gender of an individual.

Results:
The feasibility of the proposed approach is measured with different qualitative performance parameters. In light of achieving the accuracy rate of 99.2%, it shows that its performance comparatively better against other techniques reported in the literature with the different sets of classier.

Conclusion:
The hybridization technique that effectively integrate meta-heuristic approaches GSA and firefly outperforms other similar approaches with respect to obtaining the optimal features of multimodal biometric for gender based identification system. Further, the novel technique enhance the overall performance of the system by reducing the search space over time and space.
Determination of Meloxicam Using Direct and Indirect Flow Injection Spectrophotometry
Authors: Abed Ream Ismail , Hadi Hind 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Meloxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, known to inhibit cyclooxygenase,
a key enzyme of prostaglandin biosynthesis at the site of inflammation.

Objectives:
Two sensitive and fast spectrophotometric methods (direct and indirect) using flOW INJection
Analysis (FIA) have been described for the assay of meloxicam in pure and in pharmaceutical
formulations.

Methods:
The direct method (method A) depended on the coupling of meloxicam with diazotized procaine
benzylpenicillin in alkaline medium. In contrast, the indirect method (method B) involved a
charge transfer reaction between the alkaline hydrolytic product of meloxicam as n-donor with metol
(p-methylaminophenol sulfate) as a π- acceptor using sodium periodate as an oxidant.

Results:
The colored products exhibited absorption maxima at 492 and 656 nm for method A and B
respectively. The methods obeyed Beer’s low over concentration ranges of 5-80 and 15-225 μg/mL,
respectively. The detection limits were 2.73 and 5.26 μg/mL for direct and indirect methods, respectively.
The chemical and physical parameters associated with FIA manifolds were optimized to construct
the most sensitive and reproducible results.

Conclusion:
Methods described herein are cheap, environmentally friendly and showed no significant
difference with those of the official method indicated no significant difference in accuracy and precision.
Applications of ZnO and MgO Nanoparticles in Reducing Zinc Pollution Level in Rubber Manufacturing Processes: A Review
Authors: Javadi Seyyed Mohammad 
Published: February 2020

Background:
Rubber vulcanization is a consolidated chemical process to enhance the mechanical
properties of the polymeric material by sulfur crosslinking of the polymer chains, such as
rubber. Vulcanization Activators are important rubber processing additives that activate sulfur cure
and improve the efficiency of sulfur-based cure systems. The most common activator is zinc fatty acid
ester that is often formed in-situ by the reaction of fatty acid with zinc oxide. Although zinc is one of
the less harmful heavy metals, according to European Council Directive 2004/73/EC, the reduction of
zinc level in the environment has become an important task because of its toxic effect on aquatic organisms.

:
The current study reviews the research achievements in the field of reducing the consumption of micronutrients
of ZnO particles based on the use of nanoparticles instead of them in the polymer industry.
Among the proposed methods, due to the less environmental effects of magnesium oxide, the use
of MgO nanoparticles instead of zinc oxide has also achieved good results.

Objective:
The aim of this paper is considering suggested different methods on the reduction of using
ZnO particles in related industries, the use of ZnO nanoparticles has had better results than its particles.
In addition, due to the less environmental effects of magnesium oxide, magnesium oxide nanoparticles
can be used instead of micronutrients of zinc oxide. Overall, the results of various investigations
show that reducing the diameter of the zinc oxide particles reduces the amount required for curing
the rubber and thus reduces its toxic effects. Also, the use of magnesium oxide nanoparticles instead
of zinc oxide in different concentrations is investigated.
PENGENALAN KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS ANGGREK DAN POTENSI BISNISNYA
Authors: Mercuriani Ixora Sartika , Sugiyarto Lili 
Published: February 2020

Program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan menumbuhkan semangat untuk melestarikan tanaman anggrek dengan mengenalkan keanekaragaman jenis anggrek yang dapat digunakan sebagai wahana belajar siswa, mengenalkan teknik persilangan anggrek, dan mengenalkan budidaya anggrek untuk alternatif bisnis keluarga. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh guru dan karyawan SD Muhammadiyah Sleman yang berjumlah 27 orang. Metode kegiatan ini adalah pemberian materi oleh tim pengabdi tentang keanekaragaman anggrek dan metode budidayanya, perhitungan biaya bisnis secara garis besar, dilanjutkan dengan pelatihan teknik persilangan anggrek dan aklimatisasi anggrek. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan semua peserta (100%) telah paham tentang keanekaragaman anggrek, teknik persilangan anggrek dan budidaya tanaman anggrek melalui metode aklimatisasi anggrek yang sebelum adanya pelatihan ini lebih dari 90% peserta belum pernah melakukan teknik perbanyakan anggrek tersebut. Hasil penjaringan angket kepuasan peserta adalah baik untuk semua aspek kecuali kesesuaian waktu pelaksanaan. Para peserta juga sangat antusias dalam mengikuti pelatihan. Kegiatan dilanjutkan dengan pendampingan, evaluasi dan perbaikan. Kata kunci :
Training of Natural Dyes Production and Its Application for Batik at Batik Manggar Gading SMEs
Authors: Pratiwi Diah 
Published: February 2020

The community empowerment activity have been conducted with the topic “Training of Natural Dyes Production and its Application for Batik” that involves researchers and members of Batik Manggar Gading SMEs. The purpose of this project is introducing natural dyes as batik dyes to batik craftmen in Batik Manggar Gading SMEs. Natural dyes has some advantages than synthetic dyes. In addition to typical colour, natural dyes was claimed to be more eco-friendly product so it has higher market value. The develompent of knowledge and skills in production process of batik natural dyes is expected to increase income and livehood of batik craftsmen. Community empowerment is made through two activities, namely field survey and training. Field survey was conducted to identify and collect relevant information about production process in Batik Manggar Gading SMEs. Meanwhile, the training was held at Batik Manggar Gading SMEs consists of two types of training. The first training, participants are given the knowledge about the potential of natural ingredients that can be used as natural dyes and practice how to extract/ create a substance the color of nature. The second, participant are given training about deployment process of batik coloring used natural dyes. As a result of these activities, 22 members of SMEs can make natural dyes batik. Natural dyes batik is a result of the utilization of biodiversity in pushing the economic income of the community. Natural dyes batik can be a Indonesia flagship product particular Gunungkidul Regency in international market.
Comprehensive Restoration of the Normative Technical Condition of Expanded Clay Concrete Panels of Industrial Buildings with Moral and Physical Wear
Authors: Dubrakov S. V. , Masalov A. V. , Zavalishin I. V. 
Published: February 2020

Purpose of reseachis determining the category of technical condition of building structures to assess the residual resource and service life of industrial facilities and urban infrastructure. Development of a fundamental technical solution to the problem of comprehensive restoration of a workable technical condition of building envelopes, including the provision of mechanical and heat engineering requirements.Methods.According to the current regulatory requirements for buildings put into operation, it is necessary to conduct an engineering survey at least once every 10 years. During the engineering survey of the building located at Kursk region, Kurchatovsky district, K. Libknekhta village, ul. Mira 1, significant defects and damages affecting the technical condition of the building envelope were revealed.Results. According to the results of studies, some factors were identified that need to be eliminated. The ways of solving the identified problems and defects associated with the building envelope are given and described in detail to restore the building to its proper position.Conclusion.When conducting surveys of building structures of buildings and structures, it is necessary to pay attention not only to strengthening building structures, but also to restoring the thermal characteristics of building envelopes and bringing them into line with the requirements of current regulatory documents. To accomplish this task, a reinforcement design has been developed that creates the necessary reinforcement and brings the thermal characteristics of the building envelope in line with modern requirements to ensure the necessary energy efficiency of the building envelope.
Una mirada crítica a la perspectiva de género desde las coordenadas de otros feminismos
Authors: Ochoa Muñoz Karina 
Published: February 2020

A partir de la primera mitad del siglo XX se encuentra una abundante literatura que escudriña en los componentes de la desigualdad sexual bajo la lupa de la categoría de género. Desde diversos posicionamientos teórico-políticos, esta categoría fue tomando fuerza hasta posicionarse dentro de la academia anglosajona y, desde allí, pudo migrar a los centros de investigación de las periferias globales. Sin embargo, no es en el registro del debate del feminismo blanco donde se pueden encontrar los límites que esta categoría encierra, sino en la producción intelectual y la acción política de mujeres racializadas que evidenciaron que las desigualdades entre los sexos se articulan y/o estructuran con otras desigualdades, como la étnica, racial o de clase, etc. Así, en este ensayo se muestra que la producción de mujeres racializadas es la que apunta a trascender los paradigmas del feminismo occidental y norteamericano que centralizan su mirada en una sola dimensión de la realidad, es decir, que reconocen en el sistema de género el único referente para explicar “la opresión” que pesa sobre “la mujer”.
Aspectos y problemas en la concepción de la symmetría en la Grecia antigua. De Policleto a Eufranor
Authors: Montemayor García Alicia 
Published: February 2020

La definición de la Belleza como un todo compuesto por partes aparece en la Grecia del periodo clásico. Si bien la encontramos en Aristóteles, definida como symmetría, tiene un desarrollo más largo de lo que considera la historia de la filosofía, y cuya consideración es de vital importancia para la estética. Propongo que el desarrollo del concepto de Belleza como symmetría parte de la obra de Policleto de Argos, para luego repetirse una y otra vez oscureciendo con el tiempo el sentido del término. Por ello cabe preguntarse sobre las definiciones de la symmetría posteriores al periodo clásico y la forma en que se relacionan con la práctica artística y el pensamiento teórico.
Incendios forestales y el fenómeno de sequía: el caso de San Luis Potosí, México
Authors: Espinoza Jiménez Alma Rosa , Gómez Mendoza Leticia 
Published: February 2020

Históricamente, los incendios forestales han representado una amenaza para los ecosistemas y se han convertido en sucesos frecuentes de la temporada de sequía y en el primer factor de destrucción forestal cuando se trata de fuegos recurrentes y no controlados. No obstante, estos eventos han estado y seguirán presentes en la dinámica ambiental de los ecosistemas. Si bien, el fuego puede llegar a tener una influencia positiva, su inadecuado manejo trae consigo consecuencias negativas no sólo para la naturaleza, sino también para los hombres. De ahí la importancia del uso adecuado del fuego en áreas forestales. En las últimas décadas, los incendios en México han aumentado, tanto en número como en magnitud, y las temporadas más severas se registraron en los años 1988, 1998, 2011 y 2013, cuya área afectada comprendió 518,265 ha, 849,632 ha, 956,405 ha y 413,837 ha, respectivamente. Los resultados de este trabajo exponen que el déficit de la precipitación no influyó en la ocurrencia de los incendios forestales y es la actividad antropogénica la que tiene un papel relevante en el incremento de estos eventos en el estado. Con este estudio se presenta la necesidad de seguir trabajando en esta línea de investigación, incluyendo variables climáticas, identificando a los sectores más vulnerables y el grado de peligro y riesgo que estos eventos representan para la biodiversidad y, por supuesto, para las comunidades locales.
Rupturas y persistencias en el “problema de la escala geográfica”: los debates sobre la división y articulación del espacio entre mediados del siglo XIX y mediados del siglo XX en las bases de la escalaridad
Authors: Grandi Matheus 
Published: February 2020

Este artículo tiene como propósito contribuir a la identificación de rasgos generales del debate conocido como el problema de la escala, difundido en la literatura geográfica anglosajona y recientemente debatido en la literatura en español y en portugués. De ese interés se despliega el objetivo de rescatar elementos presentes en obras centrales en la historia del pensamiento geográfico occidental en el período entre mediados del siglo XIX y mediados del siglo XX, para analizar permanencias temáticas en el debate sobre la escalaridad. En diferentes momentos de la historia de las ideas geográficas, la diferenciación socioespacial y la articulación de dichas diferencias constituyen temas continuamente discutidos, ya que son centrales en los procesos de significación de la existencia y de la acción humana, afirmándose como parte constitutiva y constituyente de la producción del mundo. En la primera parte del artículo la atención está sobre la definición de las unidades espaciales, preocupación presente en la historia del pensamiento geográfico y corresponsable de ofrecer una perspectiva espacial acerca de las relaciones parte-todo. La segunda sección se enfoca en la articulación y organización de las unidades espaciales, presentada como elemento crucial en el surgimiento del problema de la escala una vez que cumple un importante papel en las reflexiones metodológicas sobre las agrupaciones espaciales y el uso de métodos estadísticos en las investigaciones socioespaciales donde surgen preocupaciones sobre las escalas geográficas. Estas dos etapas del texto están basadas metodológicamente en revisiones bibliográficas hechas en textos del período mencionado (cuando el material se encontraba accesible) y de comentarios y reflexiones de autores más recientes e influyentes en el debate contemporáneo acerca del concepto de escala geográfica. Al final, presentaré las principales conclusiones del artículo, destacaré su relevancia y, a partir de eso, indicaré cuestiones para futuras investigaciones.