bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TLR2 Dimerization Blockade Allows Generation of Homeostatic Intestinal Macrophages under Acute Colitis Challenge
Authors: Gross-Vered Mor , Shmuel-Galia Liraz , Zarmi Batya , Humphries Fiachra , Thaiss Christoph , Salame Tomer-Meir , David Eyal , Chappell-Maor Louise , Fitzgerald Katherine A. , Shai Yechiel , Jung Steffen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Recruited blood monocytes contribute to the establishment, perpetuation, and resolution of tissue inflammation. Specifically, in the inflamed intestine, monocyte ablation was shown to ameliorate colitis scores in preclinical animal models. However, the majority of intestinal macrophages that seed the healthy gut are also monocyte derived. Monocyte ablation aimed to curb inflammation would therefore likely interfere with intestinal homeostasis. In this study, we used a TLR2 trans-membrane peptide that blocks TLR2 dimerization that is critical for TLR2/1 and TLR2/6 heterodimer signaling to blunt inflammation in a murine colitis model. We show that although the TLR2 peptide treatment ameliorated colitis, it allowed recruited monocytes to give rise to macrophages that lack the detrimental proinflammatory gene signature and reduced potentially damaging neutrophil infiltrates. Finally, we demonstrate TLR blocking activity of the peptide on in vitro cultured human monocyte-derived macrophages. Collectively, we provide a significantly improved anti-inflammatory TLR2 peptide and critical insights in its mechanism of action toward future potential use in the clinic.
Short-Term Study Abroad: The Students' Perspective on London 2019
Authors: Payne Ellen K. , Chapman Heather , Daly April , Darby Samantha , Heft Margaret 
Published: December 2019

ContextMany study abroad experiences are difficult for athletic training students to attend because of the prescriptive nature of the athletic training curriculum. Short-term study abroad programs allow students to participate in an international educational experience without the time commitment of semester-long or yearlong programs.ObjectiveTo report the students' perspective of a short-term study abroad experience.BackgroundIn January 2019 a short-term study abroad program was offered for athletic training students. The program included attendance at a sports medicine conference, networking opportunities, and cultural activities.SynthesisThrough a group debriefing session and guided reflection questions, four athletic training students who attended the short-term study abroad program in London reflected on their preparations for the international travel and their experiences while abroad.Recommendation(s)Continued research should be conducted to objectively assess how short-term study abroad programs influence students' cultural awareness and cultural competency upon return.Conclusion(s)Short-term study abroad programs are one way for students to increase cultural awareness while staying on track with their athletic training curriculum. From the students' perspective, once they overcame the perceived barriers to international travel, the experience was positive, and they would recommend it to other athletic training students.
Athletic Training Services in Japan: A Comparison of the United States and Japan Based on Educational Background
Authors: Izumi Hideyuki “E” , Hosokawa Yuri 
Published: December 2019

Context
Each country has a unique history in the development of its athletic training professionals and education and credentialing systems. In Japan, the majority of athletic trainers hold a domestic credential (JSPO-AT) obtained from the Japan Sport Association (JSPO) or a US-based credential from the Board of Certification (BOC-AT).

Objective
To determine whether differences in demographic, professional, and educational characteristics exist between Japanese BOC-ATs and JSPO-ATs who currently practice athletic training services in Japan.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Online survey.

Patients or Other Participants
Eight hundred twenty-nine Japanese athletic trainers in Japan (BOC-AT, n = 64; JSPO-AT, n = 765).

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Pearson's χ2 test and Fisher's exact test were used to determine differences in demographic, professional, and educational characteristics between BOC-ATs and JSPO-ATs.

Results
The proportion of female respondents was greater for BOC-ATs (29.7%) than for JSPO-ATs (18.7%; χ2 [1] = 4.5, P = .03). A greater proportion of BOC-ATs reported having master's degrees or higher (χ2 [3] = 81.6, P &lt; .01). The percentage of respondents with at least 1 therapist or medical practitioner license in Japan was greater for JSPO-ATs (73.1%) than for BOC-ATs (20.3%; P &lt; .01). The percentage of respondents with at least 1 credential in exercise, nutrition, or teaching was greater for BOC-ATs (62.5%) than for JSPO-ATs (45.2%; P &lt; .01). A large difference was observed in the proportion of individuals who identified as therapists (JSPO-ATs = 29.8%, BOC-ATs = 6.3%; χ2 [5] = 18.9, P &lt; .01). The median income for BOC-ATs was 401–600 million yen (US$36 500–$54 500), whereas the median income for JSPO-ATs was 0–200 million yen (US$0–$18 200).

Conclusions
BOC-ATs in Japan were more established than JSPO-ATs as athletic training professionals with higher educational backgrounds, while more JSPO-ATs tended to be therapists. Findings from the current study may serve as benchmark data for the athletic training profession and service characteristics in Japan.
De investeringstoets in vitale infrastructuren: laatste redmiddel of reden tot zorg?
Authors: van Breugel Tessa , Lavrijssen Saskia , Hancher Leigh 
Published: December 2019

De investeringstoets in vitale infrastructuren: laatste redmiddel of reden tot zorg?
In maart 2019 is het wetsvoorstel ongewenste zeggenschap telecommunicatie ingediend bij de Tweede Kamer. Dit wetsvoorstel introduceert een investeringstoets in de telecommunicatiesector. Het is een aanvulling op het bestaande wet- en regelgevend kader dat veelal is ingevoerd ten tijde van de privatisering en liberalisering van vitale infrastructuursectoren. Dit kader biedt volgens de regering niet langer afdoende bescherming tegen nationale veiligheidsrisico’s die in de huidige tijd door buitenlandse overnames en investeringen in de vitale infrastructuur kunnen ontstaan. De investeringstoets behoort tot een nieuw soort instrumentarium (de zogenoemde ‘tweedegeneratie-instrumenten’) met een grotere reikwijdte en breder toepassingsbereik dat in steeds meer EU-lidstaten zijn intrede doet. Hoewel het recent vastgestelde EU-screeningskader aanzienlijke ruimte laat aan EU-lidstaten om screening van investeringen vorm te geven, moet de wijze waarop deze ruimte wordt ingevuld in overeenstemming zijn met de fundamentele Europese vrijverkeerbepalingen. Dit artikel concludeert dat het wetsvoorstel in de huidige vorm een ongerechtvaardigde belemmering van het vrij verkeer vormt en herbezinning behoeft.
Informatie-uitwisseling en concentraties: standstill-verplichting en/of het kartelverbod?
Authors: Bosch Mattijs 
Published: December 2019

Informatie-uitwisseling en concentraties: standstill-verplichting en/of het kartelverbod?
Deze bijdrage behandelt het onderwerp informatie-uitwisseling in het kader van concentraties. Dergelijke informatie-uitwisseling kan zowel in de due diligence fase, voorafgaande aan de totstandkoming van een overnameovereenkomst, als in de fase tussen signing en closing van de transactie plaatsvinden.
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Ozone Theraphy and an Antibacterial Bonding Agent on the Cavity Disinfection of Deciduous Teeth: An In Vivo Study
Authors: YEŞİLÖZ GÖKÇEN Esra , KURUN AKSOY Merve , ORHAN Ayşe İşil , ÖZÇELİK Berrin , TULGA ÖZ Firdevs 
Published: December 2019

Objectives:The aim of this study is to evaluate
antibacterial effectiveness of 30 second ozone therapy applied via OzonyTronX,
Clearfil Protect Bond(a MDPB containing bonding agent) and Dycal( Ca(OH)2
containing cavity lining material) on S. mutans in deciduos teeth.

Materials and Methods:40 primary molars were obtained from
ten patients whose ages ranged between 5 and 11. Dentin samples which were
collected before the treatment and after a period of four weeks following the
implementation of materials were microbiologically evaluated and material’s
antibacterial effectiveness were compared.

Results:Differences between the antibacterial
effectiveness of the materials were found to be statistically significant according to the results of covariance
analysis with randomized block design(p&lt;0.05). Order of success in our
study, which evaluated antibacterial effectiveness of the groups on S. mutants,
is as follows: Group 2( ozone therapy)&gt; Group 3(CPB)&gt; Group 1(Dycal).

Conclusion: While CPB, which is an
antibacterial self etching system, and ozone therapy do not increase the
duration of clinical treatments, they can be efficient solutions for the
restorative treatment of primary teeth.
Experimental Method of Fatigue Performance of Mastic Asphalt for Bridge Deck Pavement
Authors: Zou Guilian , Zhang Xiaoning , Wu Chung 
Published: December 2019

Mastic asphalt is a type of pavement material that has good fluidity and is self-levelling at construction temperature for the bridge deck. There are highly accurate methods and indexes for evaluating fluidity and high-temperature deformation resistance for mastic asphalt-design and construction-control systems. The fatigue cracking is one of the main failure forms of bridge deck pavement. Therefore, the method used to evaluate the fatigue properties of pavement materials is also essential. The anti-deformation capability of the mastic asphalt must be increased, that results in poor fatigue performance and consequent failure of the bridge deck pavement to avoid the rutting of bridge deck pavement. In this study, a simple method is put forward for evaluating mastic asphalt fatigue performance. Impact toughness is defined as the area under the load-displacement curve of a three-point bending beam specimen under impact load to evaluate the fatigue performance of mastic asphalt. The four-point bending beam fatigue test is used to verify the rationality of the impact toughness test method. The results showed that there is a good correlation between the impacts toughness index of mastic asphalt produced under different mixing conditions and the accumulative dissipative energy and fatigue life demonstrated by the four-point bending beam test. Therefore, to evaluate the fatigue performance of mastic asphalt by impact toughness test. Fatigue performance and rut resistance are two ways to evaluate road performance of asphalt mixtures, but they are mutually restrictive. The results show that impact toughness and dynamic stability are inversely correlated. As the impact toughness increases, dynamic stability decreases. Therefore, balancing the fatigue performance and high-temperature rutting resistance of mastic asphalt in the design and quality control is very important.
An IC-level countermeasure against laser fault injection attack by information leakage sensing based on laser-induced opto-electric bulk current density
Authors: Matsuda Kohei , Tada Sho , Nagata Makoto , Komano Yuichi , Li Yang , Sugawara Takeshi , Iwamoto Mitsugu , Ohta Kazuo , Sakiyama Kazuo , Miura Noriyuki 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Laser fault injection (LFI) attacks on cryptographic processor ICs are a critical threat to information systems. This paper proposes an IC-level integrated countermeasure employing an information leakage sensor against an LFI attack. Distributed bulk current sensors monitor abnormal bulk current density caused by laser irradiation for LFI. Time-interleaved sensor operation and sensitivity tuning can obtain partial secret key leakage bit information with small layout area penalty. Based on the leakage information, the secret key can be securely updated to realize high-availability resilient systems. The test chip was designed and fabricated in a 0.18 μm standard CMOS, integrating a 128-bit advanced encryption standard cryptographic processor with the proposed information leakage sensor. This evaluation successfully demonstrated bulk current density and leakage bit monitoring.
Comparative Toxicity Effect of Some Plant Extracts against Larvae of Anopheline (Diptera: Culicidae) in the North Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Naphtali R. S. , Ngwamah J. S. , Shitta K. B. , Atimi A. , Kadala E. 
Published: December 2019

Owing to the adverse effect of synthetic pesticides, there has been increasing need to search for natural and environment friendly pesticides of plant origin as agents for control of vector of mosquito-borne diseases. This study was aimed to investigate the larvicidal activities of North eastern botanicals against vector of mosquitoes-borne diseases. Five mosquito repellent plants used by the indigenous people of north eastern, Nigeria were analysed for their effectiveness against Anopheline mosquitoes. The methanol and petroleum ether were analysed for their phytochemical properties. The methanol and petroleum ether extracts were investigated for phytochemical compounds with larvicidal activities against anopheline 3rd instar larvae through using deferent extracts of methanol and petroleum ether of different concentration that ranged from 50-200 ppm. The larvicidal were observed after every six hours for total period of 36 hours. The extracts of Hyptis suaveolens and Azadirachta indica of both methanol and petroleum ether extracts showed high toxicity effects against anopheline. The test plants contained phenol, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, azadrachtin, glycosides saponins, terpenoids and steroids.
In conclusion, the present plant extracts have potentials for development of new and safe control products for mosquitoes. As natural occurring insecticides, these plants derived materials that could be useful as an alternative for synthetic insecticides.
Species Composition and Diurnal Activity Rhythm of Tabanids (Diptera: Tabanidae) at the Ivindo National Park and Its Environs
Authors: Joseph-Marie Affiri Odzame , Lendzele Sevidzem Silas , Roland Zinga Koumba Christophe , Franck Mounioko , Aubin Koumba Armel , Mintsa Rodrigue , Lydie Acapovi-Yao Genevieve , Bertrand M’batchi , Mavoungou Jacques François 
Published: December 2019

An entomological prospection to show the species composition and diurnal activity of tabanids was carried out using 15 Vavoua traps, during the rainy season (25th Sept-5th Oct and 21st Oct-9th Nov 2018), in the secondary forest [Ivindo National Park (INP)] and Village-Town sites in and around the biosphere reserve Ipassa-IRET Makokou in Gabon. In total, 839 tabanids were caught with 747 recorded at INP and regrouped under 11 species of the genus Tabanus [T. taeniola (57.76%), T. ricardae (26.32%), T. par (5.54%), T. ruficrus (3.74%), T. socius (3.74%), T. disjunctus (2.49%), T. marmorosus (0.28%) and T. obscurehirtus (0.14%)]. However, two species of the genus Chrysops [C. dimidiatus (70.83%) and C. silaceus (29.17%)] and one species of the genus Haematopota [H. pluvialis (100%)] were only identified at INP. While in the Village-Town sites, 92 tabanids were caught and regrouped under five species of the genus Tabanus [T. ruficrus (14.13%), T. taeniola (9.78%), T. ricardae (73.91%), T. par (1.09%), and T. marmorosus (1.09%)]. Tabanids were more abundant in the forest (7.12 tabanid/trap/day) as compared to the Village-Town (0.77 t/t/d) with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). At INP, tabanids showed a unimodal activity pattern with peak attained between 12-14H and in the anthropized milieu (14-16H) and dominated by females.
Survey of Insect Vectors in Some Selected Dumpsites in Gombe Metropolis, Nigeria, Western Africa
Authors: Abba E. , Amina M. , Lamogo Y. , Rejoice A. , Jemimah A. , Yoriyo K. P. 
Published: December 2019

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the insect vectors living in refuse dumps at Gombe Metropolis in Gombe State of Nigeria.
Study Design: The metropolis were divided into four longitudinal zones, and in each zone three dumpsites were randomly selected. Visual observations were used to estimate the composition of the refuse dumps.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Gombe metropolis of Gombe state between the months of May and August, 2018.
Methodology: Sweep nets, sticky traps, water traps and handpicking were used to collect different vector species. Specimen collected were preserved and transported to the laboratory for identification. Standard Identification keys were used for the identification of the vectors.
Results: The compositions of the refuse dumps varied from vegetable matter and animal remains to assorted materials including used tyres, electronic parts, cartons, faecal matter, broken bottles, polythene bags. A total of 464 insect vectors belonging to 9 species were collected. Musca domestica 282(60.8%) was the dominant species, followed by Anopheles spp 55(11.9%) and Aedes species 44(9.4%). Periplaneta americana accounts 37(8.0%) of the collections.
Conclusion: The thriving population of these vector species and the abundance of putrefying refuse dumps are risk factors of the endemic diseases transmitted by such vectors in the city. The present work therefore recommends the proper disposal of refuses to avert an epidemic status.
Biochemical and Histological Study on the Effects of Curcumin and/or Yellow Bean on Rats Drinking Ethanol Alcohol
Authors: El-Bakry Kadry A. , Basuni Mohamed Abd El-Hakim 
Published: December 2019

The therapeutic effects of curcumin and/or dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate on rats drinking alcohol were evaluated in the present study. Albino Wister rats drinking 20% ethanol in drinking water were treated with curcumin (100 mg/kg body weight) and /or DDB (50 mg/ kg body weight) mixed in diet for 8 weeks. ALT and AST enzymes were significantly reduced in rat drinking alcohol and treated with DDB or Diferuloylmethane compared with rats drinking alcohol (p<0.05). On the other hand, in case of mixed treatment with curcumin and DDB, AST enzyme was elevated significantly compared with rat drinking alcohol(P<0.05). GGT enzyme was reduced after treatment of alcohol drinking rats with curcumin or DDB in comparing with alcohol drinking rats. MDA concentration in liver homogenate significantly reduced in rats drinking alcohol and treated with DDB compared with rats drinking alcohol (p<0.05). However, serum MDA showed a significant reduction in rats drinking alcohol and treated with curcumin compared with rats drinking alcohol (P<0.05). Histopathological studies revealed liver tissue damage after alcohol administration, however an improvement in liver tissue after treatment with curcumin and DDB. In conclusion, curcumin and DDB can influence and improve the impaired antioxidant defense mechanisms resulted from ethanol and combined treatment with curcumin and DDB has no effects.
Comparative Efficacy of Varied Concentrations Imidacloprid in the Laboratory Management of Termites (Microtermes natalensis)
Authors: Godfrey Rotich , Millicent Ndong’a , M. Wanjala Fredrick 
Published: December 2019

Imidacloprid is a termiticide that is slow-acting timber and soil applied but can be transferred in termite workers. The objective of this study was to determine efficacy of imidacloprid to control of termites on sand. Termiticides were tested at Imidacloprid 200 g/L concentrations (2 mL/L, 4 mL/L, 6 mL/L and 8 m/L) were tested. Descriptive analysis presented the mean weight loss for wood blocks under treated sand as follows E. grandis 0.003 (Std: 0.02) and G. robusta 0.013 (Std: 0.04) whereby only woodblocks under treated sand with 2 mL/L were attacked, while the mean weight loss for untreated woods under untreated sand were as follows E. grandis was 0.1 (std: 0.06) and G. robusta was 0.216 (std: 0.147). However, termites attacked all untreated wood blocks regardless of wood species. It was concluded that Imidacloprid at concentration of 4 mL/L serves as the best concentration threshold required in the control of termites on sand in the management of termites. It was recommended that soil is effective mode of applying imidacloprid termiticide integratedly given that the right concentration levels are utilized.
Biochemical, Histopathological and Mutagenic Changes Following the Co-administration of Antihelminthic and Antimalarial Drugs in Wistar Rats
Authors: Obiajunwa A. A. , Idowu E. T. , Otubanjo O. A. 
Published: December 2019

Aim: To determine the effects of antimalaria and antheminthic drugs combination in the incidence of histopathological alteration and biochemical modulations in liver and kidney of albino rats.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was undertaken at the Zoology Department University of Lagos Akoka Lagos Nigeria.
Methodology: A total of twenty (25) Male adult albino rats of 13-15 weeks old were divided into 5 groups of 5 rats each and daily oral administration of human therapeutic doses of praziquantel (PZQ 50 mg/kg body weight) separate and in combination with ivermectin (IVM 0.4 mg/kg body weight), albendazole (ALB 15 mg/kg body weight) and Artemether-lumefanthrine (ACT 140 mg/kg body weight) was administered with the group which serve as the control receiving 1ml distilled water. Toxic effects due to these treatments were investigated using histopathological, biochemical and mutagenic indices at day 8th and 15th of the study.
Results: Biochemical assessment revealed significant reduction in AST, ALT, ALP and potassium in the treatment group compared to the control. Increase in the level calcium, Albumin and bicarbonate were also observed in treatment groups. Histopathological assessment of the liver showed a general incidence of focal inflammation along the portal tract area, but did not show any differential severity across treatment groups except for single PZQ treatment group which were characterized by fatty infiltration. A general occurrence of mesangial damage and glomerula injury was observed in kidney tissues. Renal lesions were more severe in single PZQ + IVM treatment groups while mild lesions characterized renal tissue from PZQ+ACT treatment groups. Mutagenic effects as indicated by the high incidence of sperm head abnormalities was recorded across combination treatments especially in PZQ+ IVR and PZQ+ ACT groups.
Conclusion: Findings suggest that combination therapies are synergistic and could result in nephrotoxicity, antidiuretic effects, dehydration and mutagenicity at human therapeutic doses.