bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A point of connection? Wellbeing, the veteran identity and older adults
Authors: Brewster Liz , McWade Brigit , Clark Samuel J. A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMaintaining good wellbeing in older age is seen to have a positive effect on health, including cognitive and physiological functioning. This paper explores experiences of wellbeing in a particular older adult community: those who have served in the military. It aims to identify the specific challenges that ex-service personnel may have, reporting findings from a qualitative study focused on how older veterans told stories of military service and what these stories revealed about wellbeing. We used a qualitative approach; data are drawn from 30 individual interviews, and from engagement with veterans in workshops. Analysis was conducted using a data-driven constant comparison approach. Three themes are presented: how loneliness affects older adult veterans; how they draw on fictive kinship; and the role of military visual culture. Although participants had diverse experiences of military service, they felt that being a veteran connected them to a community that went beyond association with specific experiences. Using narratives of military experience to connect, both in telling stories and by stories being listened to, was vital. As veterans, older adults were able to access each other as a resource for listening and sharing. However, it was also exclusionary: civilians, because they lacked military service experience, could not empathise and be used as a resource.
Optimization of laser parameters for proton acceleration using double laser pulses in TNSA mechanism
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Gupta Devki Nandan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe energy of protons accelerated by ultra-intense lasers in the target normal sheath acceleration (TNSA) mechanism can be greatly enhanced by the laser parameter optimization. We propose to investigate the optimization of laser parameters for proton acceleration using double laser pulses in TNSA mechanism. The sheath field generation at the rear side of the target is significantly affected by the introduction of second laser pulse in TNSA mechanism, and consequently, the energy of the accelerated protons is also modified. The second laser pulse was introduced with different delays to study its impact on proton acceleration. Our study shows that the interplay of laser intensity and pulse duration of both laser pulses affects the proton acceleration. It was found that the proton maximum energy is the function of both laser intensity and pulse duration. A number of simulations have been performed to obtain maximum proton energy data under different combinations of laser intensity and pulse duration for the two laser pulses. The simulation results account for the underline physics for the proton bunch energy and the sheath field as a function of pulse intensity and pulse delay.
Young men's behavioral competencies and risk of alcohol use disorder in emerging adulthood: Early protective effects of parental education
Authors: Karriker-Jaffe Katherine J. , Lönn Sara L. , Cook Won K. , Kendler Kenneth S. , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe investigate how early exposure to parental externalizing behaviors (EB) may contribute to development of alcohol use disorders (AUD) in young adulthood, testing a developmental cascade model focused on competencies in three domains (academic, conduct, and work) in adolescence and emerging adulthood, and examining whether high parental education can buffer negative effects of parental EB and other early risk factors. We use data from 451,054 Swedish-born men included in the national conscript register. Structural equation models showed parental EB was associated with academic and behavioral problems during adolescence, as well as with lower resilience, more criminal behavior, and reduced social integration during emerging adulthood. These pathways led to elevated rates of AUD in emerging and young adulthood. Multiple groups analysis showed most of the indirect pathways from parental EB to AUD were present but buffered by higher parental education, suggesting early life experiences and competencies matter more for young men from lower socioeconomic status (SES) families than from higher SES families. Developmental competencies in school, conduct, and work are important precursors to the development of AUD by young adulthood that are predicted by parental EB. Occupational success may be an overlooked source of resilience for young men from low-SES families.
Effects of Chinese word structure on object perception in Chinese–English bilinguals: Evidence from an ERP visual oddball paradigm
Authors: Pan Xuan , Jared Debra 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLupyan's (2012) label-feedback hypothesis proposes that linguistic labels affect our conceptual and perceptual representations through top-down feedback. We investigated whether such representations in bilinguals are influenced by labels from both of their languages by examining the effect of Chinese word structure on picture perception in Chinese–English bilinguals. A visual-oddball task with ERP was used. Pictures of four birds were used as standards and deviants. Therobin-ostrichpair shared a category cue in their Chinese names (likeblackbirdin English), and thepigeon-penguinpair did not. In Chinese–English bilinguals who were new to Canada, the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) elicited by deviant stimuli was significantly larger for pairs without category cues than pairs with cues, but, in long-stay bilinguals and English monolinguals, the vMMN was similar for the two pairs. These results demonstrate that object perception is influenced by the labels in both of a bilingual's languages.
An investigation into the number and nature of the urgent care consultations managed and referred by community pharmacists in South-East England
Authors: Dodds Linda , Katusiime Barbra , Shamim Atif , Fleming Gail , Thomas Trudy 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background:
Community pharmacies are recognised as an under-utilised, accessible resource that could support the urgent care agenda. This study aimed to provide a snapshot of the number and nature of urgent care requests presented to a sample of community pharmacies in three counties in southern England, to determine how requests are managed, whether management is appropriate, as assessed by a group of experts, and whether customers receiving the care are satisfied with pharmacists’ interventions.

Methods:
A representative sample of pharmacists across the region was invited to keep a log-book documenting all urgent care requests over a two-week period. Data were analysed to estimate frequency and type of requests and to compare consultations in core and non-core hours. Log-book entries were scrutinised blind by an expert panel to determine appropriateness of pharmacist’s responses. Customers receiving pharmacists’ interventions were surveyed to assess satisfaction.

Results:
Seventeen pharmacies kept log-books detailing 432 urgent care consultations, equating to 13 consultations per pharmacy per week. Of these, 70% (n = 302) were dealt with by the pharmacist in-house with 30% (n = 130) resulting in referrals. Locum pharmacists were significantly more likely to refer to other NHS services than regular pharmacists. Over half the requests were for symptom management, skin problems presenting most commonly (38% of all symptoms presented). Forty-seven percent of consultations were considered to have ‘averted the need for other NHS services’. Pharmacists’ referral (but not assessment of urgency) was deemed appropriate by the expert panel in 90% of consultations. Ninety-five percent of customers surveyed were satisfied with the service and would use the pharmacy again.

Conclusion:
Extrapolating findings across the study population (approximately 4.4 million) suggests that community pharmacists manage over 11 500 urgent care consultations per week, with 8050 managed independently. These prevent approximately 5400 other NHS encounters, while also meeting customer expectations and expert panel endorsement.
Are Large Families in The Main Belt Homogeneous?
Authors: Slyusarev Ivan G. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUsing color indexes from SDSS and albedos from WISE we tested the homogeneity of 56 large Main belt families from Nesvorny list using the “color - albedo” plots. 25% of the analyzed families are non-homogeneous in terms of albedos and colors. Only two families (Flora and Vesta) contain low, moderate and high albedo asteroids, that are separated in a “color-albedo” plot. The fraction of the low albedo asteroids in bimodal families is not negligible (10-30%). Seven bimodal families may contain members from two overlapping families.
A new pipeline for astrometry and photometry of asteroids
Authors: Klç Y. , Kaplan M. , Eker Z. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUsing Python 3, astropy and astrometry.net, we have developed a pipeline to obtain photometric light curves of asteroids automatically queried by the SkyBoT database from sequential FITS images. The pipeline provides: pre-reduction of data, astrometry, standard differential photometry and light curves by auto-selecting multiple comparison stars (maximum user-defined) from NOMAD catalog via VizieR. The code is an open source, free and hosted on GitHub with the GNU GPL v3 license.
The High-energy emission of jetted AGN
Authors: Schwartz Daniel A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractQuasars with flat radio spectra and one-sided, arc-second scale, ≈ 100 mJy GHz radio jets are found to have similar scale X-ray jets in about 60% of such objects, even in short 5 to 10 ksChandraobservations. Jets emit in the GHz band via synchrotron radiation, as known from polarization measurements. The X-ray emission is explained most simply, i.e. with the fewest additional parameters, as inverse Compton (iC) scattering of cosmic microwave background (cmb) photons by the relativistic electrons in the jet. With physics based assumptions, one can estimate enthalpy fluxes upwards of 1046erg s−1, sufficient to reverse cooling flows in clusters of galaxies, and play a significant role in the feedback process which correlates the masses of black holes and their host galaxy bulges. On a quasar-by-quasar basis, we can show that the total energy to power these jets can be supplied by the rotational energy of black holes with spin parameters as low asa= 0.3. For a few bright jets at redshifts less than 1, theFermigamma ray observatory shows upper limits at 10 Gev which fall below the fluxes predicted by the iC/cmb mechanism, proving the existence of multiple relativistic particle populations. At large redshifts, the cmb energy density is enhanced by a factor (1+z)4, so that iC/cmb must be the dominant mechanism for relativistic jets unless their rest frame magnetic field strength is hundreds of micro-Gauss.
Extreme jet distortions in low-z radio galaxies
Authors: Birkinshaw Mark , Rawes Josie , Worrall Diana 
Published: March 2020

AbstractJets often display bends and knots at which the flows change character. Extreme distortions have implications for the nature of jet flows and their interactions. We present the results of three radio mapping campaigns. The distortion of 3CRR radio galaxy NGC 7385 is caused by a collision with a foreground magnetised gas cloud which causes Faraday rotation and free-free absorption, and is triggered into star formation. For NGC 6109 the distortion is more extreme, creating a ring-shaped structure, but no deflector can be identified in cold or hot gas. Similar distortions in NGC 7016 are apparently associated with an X-ray gas cavity, and the adjacent NGC 7018 shows filaments drawn out beyond 100 kpc. Encounters with substructures in low-density, magnetised, intergalactic gas are likely causes of many of these features.
Probing restarting activity in hard X-ray selected giant radio galaxies
Authors: Bruni G. , Ursini F. , Panessa F. , Bassani L. , Bazzano A. , Bird A. J. , Chiaraluce E. , Dallacasa D. , Fiocchi M. , Giroletti M. , Hernández-García L. , Malizia A. , Molina M. , Saripalli L. , Ubertini P. , Venturi T. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWith their sizes larger than 0.7 Mpc, Giant Radio Galaxies (GRGs) are the largest individual objects in the Universe. To date, the reason why they reach such enormous extensions is still unclear. One of the proposed scenarios suggests that they are the result of multiple episodes of jet activity. Cross-correlating the INTEGRAL+Swift AGN population with radio catalogues (NVSS, FIRST, SUMSS), we found that 22% of the sources are GRG (a factor four higher than those selected from radio catalogues). Remarkably, all of the sources in the sample show signs of restarting radio activity. The X-ray properties are consistent with this scenario, the sources being in a high-accretion, high-luminosity state with respect to the previous activity responsible for the radio lobes.
AGN Feedback and its Importance to Galaxy Evolution in the Era of the ngVLA
Authors: Nyland Kristina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEnergetic feedback by Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) plays an important evolutionary role in the regulation of star formation (SF) on galactic scales. However, the effects of this feedback as a function of redshift and galaxy properties such as mass, environment and cold gas content remain poorly understood. The broad frequency coverage (1 to 116 GHz), high collecting area (about ten times higher than the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array), and superb angular resolution (maximum baselines of at least a few hundred km) of the proposed next-generation Very Large Array (ngVLA) are uniquely poised to revolutionize our understanding of AGN and their role in galaxy evolution.
Observations of magnetic fields in star-forming clouds
Authors: Soler Juan D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis review examines observations of magnetic fields in molecular clouds, that is, at spatial scales ranging from tens to tenths of parsecs and densities up to hundreds of particles per cubic centimetre. I will briefly summarize the techniques for observing and mapping magnetic fields in molecular clouds. I will review important examples of observational results obtained using each technique and their implications for our understanding of the role of the magnetic field in molecular cloud formation and evolution. Finally, I will briefly discuss the prospects for advances in our observational capabilities with telescopes and instruments now beginning operation or under construction.
Kinematics of neutral and ionzied gas in the candidate protostar with efficient magnetic braking B335
Authors: Yen Hsi-Wei , Zhao Bo , Koch Patrick M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAmbipolar diffusion can cause a velocity drift between ions and neutrals. This is one of the non-ideal MHD effects proposed to enable the formation of large Keplerian disks with sizes of tens of au (Zhao et al. 2018). To observationally study ambipolar diffusion in collapsing protostellar envelopes, we analyzed the ALMA H13CO+ (3–2) and C18O (2–1) data of the protostar B335, which is a candidate source with efficient magnetic braking (Yen et al. 2015). We constructed kinematical models to fit the velocity structures observed in H13CO+ and C18O. With our kinematical models, the infalling velocities in H13CO+ and C18O are both measured to be 0.85 ± 0.2 km s−1 at a radius of 100 au, suggesting that the velocity drift between the ionized and neutral gas is at most 0.3 km s−1 at a radius of 100 au in B335. The Hall parameter for H13CO+ is estimated to be ≫1 on a 100 au scale in B335, so that H13CO+ is expected to be attached to the magnetic field. Our non-detection or upper limit of the velocity drift between the ionized and neutral gas could suggest that the magnetic field remains rather well coupled to the bulk neutral material on a 100 au scale in B335, and that any significant field-matter decoupling, if present, likely occurs only on a smaller scale, leading to an accumulation of magnetic flux and thus efficient magnetic braking in the inner envelope in B335.
Magnetic fields of T Tauri stars and inner accretion discs
Authors: Donati Jean-Francois 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMagnetic fields play a key role in the early life of stars and their planets, as they form from collapsing dense cores that progressively flatten into large-scale accretion discs and eventually settle as young suns orbited by planetary systems. Pre-main-sequence phases, in which central protostars feed from surrounding planet-forming accretion discs, are especially crucial for understanding how worlds like our Solar System are born.Magnetic fields of low-mass T Tauri stars (TTSs) are detected through high-resolution spectroscopy and spectropolarimetry (e.g., Johns Krull 2007), whereas their large-scale topologies can be inferred from time series of Zeeman signatures using tomographic techniques inspired from medical imaging (Donati & Landstreet 2009). Large-scale fields of TTSs are found to depend on the internal structure of the newborn star, allowing quantitative models of how TTSs magnetically interact with their inner accretion discs, and the impact of this interaction on the subsequent stellar evolution (e.g., Romanova et al. 2002, Zanni & Ferreira 2013).With its high sensitivity to magnetic fields, SPIRou, the new near-infrared spectropolarimeter installed in 2018 at CFHT (Donati et al. 2018), should yield new advances in the field, especially for young embedded class-I protostars, thereby bridging the gap with radio observations.
Dating Historical Arabic Observations
Authors: Gautschy Rita , Thomann Johannes 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe first visibility of the lunar crescent signals the start of a new month in the Islamic calendar. The eminent astronomer Ḥabash al-Ḥāsib sib developed a method of uncompromising complexity for predicting the visibility of the lunar crescent. He derived his threshold value from a moonwatch carried out at different places in Iraq on November 17th, 860 CE. We will allude to a few modern visibility criteria as well and highlight the uncertainties of today’s calculations when converting historical Arabic into Julian or Gregorian dates. Tables of first visibility of the lunar crescent for different locations are provided for the purpose of date conversions. Since the Islamic calendar was based on the observation of the lunar crescent, historical dates imply information on positive and negative sightings of the lunar crescent. From such information estimations of cloudiness in different regions of the Islamic world can be extracted.
Stone Inscriptions from South Asia as Sources of Astronomical Records
Authors: Shylaja B. S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractStone inscriptions from all over India provide records of eclipses, solstices and planetary conjunctions. Extending the study to South Asia, to include Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Thailand, threw light on many new aspects such as evolution of calendars independently from the influence of Indian system of time measurement as early as the 3rdCentury BCE. Many interesting records of planetary conjunctions are available. One record from Cambodia hints at a possible sighting of the 1054 supernova, while another from Thailand suggests a pre-planetary nebula event.
Galileo’s Account of Kepler’s Supernova (SN 1604): A Copernican Assessment
Authors: Cosci M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe name of Kepler is inseparably associated with the supernova of 1604 (SN 1604; V843 Ophiuchi), but there are reasons why Galileo Galilei might also claim to leave his name on that phenomenon, given the assiduousness of his observations.
Meteor Observations at Kazan Federal University (Russia)
Authors: Korotishkin D. V. , Kalabanov S. A. , Sherstyukov O. N. , Valiullin F. S. , Ishmuratov R. A. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThis poster paper described initial results of recent meteor observations in Kazan obtained with a new meteor radar, SKiYMET. Significant improvements in the number of registrations are being recorded, enabling better statistics.Radar observations of meteors have been carried out and archived since the mid-20th Century; at Kazan University (56°N, 49°E) they commenced in 1956, and have continued with only a few interruptions. A quasi-tomographic method (developed in-house in 2000) has been used to determine the coordinates of radiants of meteor showers, and to derive the orbital elements of small showers (microshowers).The observations provide valuable information about the distribution of meteoric matter near the Earth’s orbit. That information supports studies of stratospheric temperatures. A new radar, SKiYMET, was deployed in 2015 and measured parameters such as meteor speeds, but in 2016 its software was supplemented by an in-house package which performed more efficient pre-filtering of the primary data to eliminate non-meteor reflections from various sources. The new filtering algorithm has reduced substantially the threshold S/N ratio for detecting meteors (so fainter meteors can now be recorded), while the package also enables meteor velocities to be calculated much more efficiently than with SKiYMET, improving significantly the quality and statistical indicators of the processed data. By detecting a much larger number of meteors, it enables more detailed studies of the distribution of meteor velocities per day and per season.Daily meteor counts for 2016–2017, extracted from the observations by the KFU programme, yielded significantly higher rates than with SKiYMET. These results support much better statistics, and also enable much finer details to be discerned. In particular, plots of meteor rates against speed are found to exhibit two maxima, one near 30 km s−1 and one near 55 km s−1. This bifurcation in the relationship can also be discerned in the seasonal dependences of the speed distribution.Improvements in the measurements of the speeds of meteor particles entering the atmosphere reveal an increase in the numbers with higher speeds (> 50 km s−1). The distributions of speeds and heights show a rather strong dependence of the meteor speed upon altitude; as predicted by meteor physics, those with higher speeds begin to burn at higher altitudes. A local increase in the number of meteors that have speeds of about 55 km s−1 has also been reported in the literature. The increase could be associated with heterogeneities in the distribution of meteoric matter in the vicinity of the Earth’s orbit.
Focus Meeting: Galactic Angular Momentum
Authors: Obreschkow Danail 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe 6th Focus Meeting (FM6) at the XXXth IAU GA 2018 aimed at overviewing the rise in angular momentum (AM) science seen in the last 10 years and debating new emerging views on galaxy evolution. The foundational works on galaxy formation of the 1970s and 80s clearly exposed the fundamental role of AM, suspected since the time of Kant. However, quantitative progress on galactic AM remained hampered by observational and theoretical obstacles. Only in the last 10 years, numerical simulations began to produce galactic disks with realistic AM. Simultaneously, the fast rise of Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) and millimetre/radio interferometry have opened the door for systematic AM measurements, across representative samples and cosmic volumes. The FM bridged between cutting-edge observational programs and leading simulations in order to review, debate and resolve core issues on AM science, ranging from galactic substructure (e.g. gas fraction, turbulence, clumps) to global properties (e.g. size evolution, morphologies) and cosmology (spin alignment, cosmic origin of AM). The co-chairs and SOC members strived to assemble a representative selection of leading scientists in the field, while adhering to principles of equal opportunity and inclusivity.