bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Securement to prevent device‐related pressure injuries in the intensive care unit: A randomised controlled feasibility study
Authors: Coyer Fiona , Cook Jane‐Louise , Brown Wendy , Vann Amanda , Doubrovsky Anna 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMedical device‐related pressure injuries are the most common cause of pressure injuries within the intensive care unit, in particular those caused by nasogastric tubes and endotracheal tubes. There are several known methods, which can alleviate the pressure of these devices on the skin surface to reduce the rate of these injuries. To determine the feasibility of conducting a larger, adequately powered trial testing, several clinically effective interventions to reduce the incidence of medical device‐related pressure injuries caused by these devices. Patients were recruited into both study arms and received one of three different methods of skin protection for both arms. Outcome measures included fidelity to the processes of care protocol, recruitment potential, and the number of medical device‐related pressure injuries. Recruitment (n = 87) was slower than expected with less than 10% of screened potential patients available for enrolment. Fidelity to the process of care for each subgroup was variable with better adherence in the nasogastric tube arm compared to the endotracheal tube arm. This feasibility study has revealed concerns about the intervention designs and effectiveness as well as challenges for the adherence of the nursing staff to the protocol.
Hypoxia‐induced miR‐3677‐3p promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by suppressing SIRT5
Authors: Yao Bowen , Li Yazhao , Niu Yongshen , Wang Liang , Chen Tianxiang , Guo Cheng , Liu Qingguang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with life‐threatening malignant behaviours, often develops distant metastases and is the fourth most common primary cancer in the world, having taken millions of lives in Asian countries such as China. The novel miR‐3677‐3p is involved in a high‐expression‐related poor prognosis in HCC tissues and cell lines, indicating oncogenesis functions in vitro and in vivo. Initially, we confirmed the inhibition of proliferation, migration and invasion in miR‐3677‐3p knock‐down MHCC‐97H and SMMC‐7721 cell lines, which are well known for their high degree of invasiveness. Then, we reversed the functional experiments in the low‐miR‐3677‐3p‐expression Hep3B cell line via overexpressing miR‐3677‐3p. In nude mice xenograft and lung metastasis assays, we found suppressor behaviours, smaller nodules and low density of organ spread, after injection of cells transfected with shRNA‐miR‐3677‐3p. A combination of databases (Starbase, TargetScan and MiRgator) illustrated miR‐3677‐3p targets, and it was shown to suppress the expression of SIRT5 in a dual‐luciferase reporter system. To clarify the conclusions of previous ambiguous research, we up‐regulated SIRT5 in Hep3B cells, and rescue tests were established for confirmation that miR‐3677‐3p suppresses SIRT5 to enhance the migration and invasion of HCC. Interestingly, we discovered hypoxia‐induced miR‐3677‐3p up‐regulation benefited HCC malignancy and invasiveness. In conclusion, the overexpression of miR‐3677‐3p mediated SIRT5 inhibition, which could increase proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC in hypoxic microenvironments.
IGFBP‐4 enhances VEGF‐induced angiogenesis in a mouse model of myocardial infarction
Authors: Wo Da , Chen Jinxiao , Li Qiongyu , Ma En , Yan Hongwei , Peng Jun , Zhu Weidong , Fang Yong , Ren Dan‐ni 
Published: June 2020

AbstractVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a well‐known angiogenic factor, however its ability in promoting therapeutic angiogenesis following myocardial infarction (MI) is limited. Here, we aimed to investigate whether dual treatment with insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐4 (IGFBP‐4), an agent that protects against early oxidative damage, can be effective in enhancing the therapeutic effect of VEGF following MI. Combined treatment with IGFBP‐4 enhanced VEGF‐induced angiogenesis and prevented cell damage via enhancing the expression of a key angiogenic factor angiopoietin‐1. Dual treatment with the two agents synergistically decreased cardiac fibrosis markers collagen‐I and collagen‐III following MI. Importantly, while the protective action of IGFBP‐4 occurs at an early stage of ischemic injury, the action of VEGF occurs at a later stage, at the onset angiogenesis. Our findings demonstrate that VEGF treatment alone is often not enough to protect against oxidative stress and promote post‐ischemic angiogenesis, whereas the combined treatment with IGFBP4 and VEGF can utilize the dual roles of these agents to effectively protect against ischemic and oxidative injury, and promote angiogenesis. These findings provide important insights into the roles of these agents in the clinical setting, and suggest new strategies in the treatment of ischemic heart disease.
Homocysteine concentration and adenosine A2A receptor production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in coronary artery disease patients
Authors: Deharo Pierre , Marlinge Marion , Guiol Clair , Vairo Donato , Fromonot Julien , Mace Patrick , Chefrour Mohamed , Gastaldi Marguerite , Bruzzese Laurie , Gaubert Melanie , Gaudry Marine , Kipson Nathalie , Criado Christine , Cuisset Thomas , Paganelli Franck , Ruf Jean , Guieu Regis , Fenouillet Emmanuel , Mottola Giovanna 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHyperhomocysteinemia is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). The mechanistic aspects of this relationship are unclear. In CAD patients, homocysteine (HCy) concentration correlates with plasma level of adenosine that controls the coronary circulation via the activation of adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR). We addressed in CAD patients the relationship between HCy and A2AR production, and in cellulo the effect of HCy on A2AR function. 46 patients with CAD and 20 control healthy subjects were included. We evaluated A2AR production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells using Western blotting. We studied in cellulo (CEM human T cells) the effect of HCy on A2A R production as well as on basal and stimulated cAMP production following A2A R activation by an agonist‐like monoclonal antibody. HCy concentration was higher in CAD patients vs controls (median, range: 16.6 [7‐45] vs 8 [5‐12] µM, P < 0.001). A2A R production was lower in patients vs controls (1.1[0.62‐1.6] vs 1.53[0.7‐1.9] arbitrary units, P < 0.001). We observed a negative correlation between HCy concentration and A2A R production (r = −0.43; P < 0.0001), with decreased A2A R production above 25 µM HCy. In cellulo, HCy inhibited A2AR production, as well as basal and stimulated cAMP production. In conclusion, HCy is negatively associated with A2A R production in CAD patients, as well as with A2A R and cAMP production in cellulo. The decrease in A2A R production and function, which is known to hamper coronary blood flow and promote inflammation, may support CAD pathogenesis.
Improving quality in a complex primary care system—An example of refugee care and literature review
Authors: Young Richard A. , Nelson Mark J. , Castellon Ricardo E. , Martin Carmel M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesApplying traditional industrial quality improvement (QI) methodologies to primary care is often inappropriate because primary care and its relationship to the healthcare macrosystem has many features of a complex adaptive system (CAS) that is particularly responsive to bottom‐up rather than top‐down management approaches. We report on a demonstration case study of improvements made in the Family Health Center (FHC) of the JPS Health Network in a refugee patient population that illustrate features of QI in a CAS framework as opposed to a traditional QI approach.MethodsWe report on changes in health system utilization by new refugee patients of the FHC from 2016 to 2017. We review the literature and summarize relevant theoretical understandings of quality management in complex adaptive systems as it applies to this case example.ResultsApplying CAS principles in the FHC, utilization of the Emergency Department and Urgent Care Center by newly arrived refugee patients before their first clinic visit was reduced by more than half (total visits decreased from 31%‐14% of the refugee patients). Our review of the literature demonstrates that traditional algorithmic top‐down QI processes are most often unsuccessful in improving even a few single‐disease metrics, and increases clinician burnout and penalizes clinicians who care for vulnerable patients. Improvement in a CAS occurs when front‐line clinicians identify care gaps and are given the flexibility to learn and self‐organize to enable new care processes to emerge, which are created from bottom‐up leadership that utilize existing interdependencies and interact with the top levels of the organization through intelligent top‐down causation. We give examples of early adapters who are better applying the principles of CAS change to their QI efforts.ConclusionsMeaningful improvement in primary care is more likely achieved when the impetus to implement change shifts from top‐down to bottom‐up.
Influence of various antioxidants on micro‐shear bond strength of resin composite to bleached enamel
Authors: Elawsya Mohamed Elshirbeny , El‐shehawy Tamer Mohamed , Zaghloul Nadia Mohamed 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTeeth bleaching causes an immediate decrease in resin composite bonding ability. This study aimed to investigate the influence of various antioxidants on resin composite bond strength to bleached enamel.Materials and methodsOne hundred and ten human maxillary incisors were used. A negative control (group A) (n = 10) was assigned (no bleaching‐no antioxidant). The remaining teeth were divided into two groups (n = 50) according to the bleaching agent used: group B (40% hydrogen peroxide) and group C (35% carbamide peroxide). Both groups were subdivided into five subgroups (n = 10). A positive control subgroup (no antioxidant) and other four subgroups according to the antioxidant solution used (10% sodium ascorbate, 10% grape seed extract, 10% green tea extract, and 5% alpha‐lipoic acid). After resin composite building, the micro‐shear bond strength test was performed. Fracture analysis was examined using a stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis was performed using a two‐way analysis of variance and Tukey's HSD post hoc test.ResultsBond strength significantly decreased after bleaching and there was no significant difference between bleaching agents (P < .0848). Except for alpha‐lipoic acid subgroups, the other antioxidants subgroups revealed significantly higher bond strengths than bleached control subgroups (P < .0001).ConclusionAll antioxidants used except alpha‐lipoic acid were effective in the reversal of compromised bonding after bleaching.Clinical significanceImmediate bonding procedures after bleaching are requisite when bleaching fails to treat teeth discoloration and the direct composite veneer is considered, also when shades of old composite restorations become mismatched after bleaching and should be replaced. Immediate reestablishment of resin bond strengths after bleaching can be achieved by using several antioxidants without the need for delay.
How Does the Stock Market View Bank Regulatory Capital Forbearance Policies?
Authors: LAI VAN SON , YE XIAOXIA 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDuring the subprime crisis, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) has shown, once again, laxity in resolving and closing insolvent institutions. Ronn and Verma (1986) call the tolerance level below which a bank closure is triggered the regulatory policy parameter. We derive a model in which we make this parameter stochastic and bank specific to infer the stock market view of the regulatory capital forbearance value. For 565 U.S. listed banks during 1990 to 2012, the countercyclical forbearance fraction in capital, most substantial in recessions, could represent 17%, on average, of the market valuation of bank equity and could go as high as 100%.
Money, Bonds, and the Liquidity Trap
Authors: ARAUJO LUIS , FERRARIS LEO 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper examines a search model of money and public bonds in which coordination frictions lead to multiple, Pareto ranked equilibria. Whether money and bonds are substitutes or complements, is not a primitive of the economy, but an equilibrium outcome. There exists an equilibrium resembling a liquidity trap, in which money and bonds are perfect substitutes, interest rates are zero, and monetary policy is ineffective; and a superior equilibrium in which money and bonds are complements, interest rates are positive and monetary policy has a liquidity effect. On this view, the liquidity trap is a belief‐driven phenomenon.
The tripartite model of intrinsic motivation in education: A 30‐year retrospective and meta‐analysis
Authors: Howard Joshua L. , Chong Jane X. Y. , Bureau Julien S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionIntrinsic motivation is a well‐established concept in psychology, yet, different types of intrinsic motivation have not been thoroughly investigated. We examined covariates associated with three types of intrinsic motivation from self‐determination theory (SDT) within the education context: IM to know, IM to accomplish, and IM to experience stimulation.MethodsA meta‐analysis was conducted on samples examining the tripartite model of intrinsic motivation between 1989 and 2019. In total, 78 samples met the inclusion criteria, representing 41,633 participants across multiple nationalities. The average age of participants across samples was 19 years, and 58.2% of participants were female. Path analysis and relative weight analysis were applied to meta‐analytically derived correlations.DiscussionResults indicated that IM to know and IM to accomplish were moderately strong predictors of adaptive student outcomes. However, results also indicated a large degree of redundancy including indistinguishable antecedent pathways. IM to experience stimulation was positively, yet, less strongly associated with adaptive outcomes. However, it did appear to be empirically distinct from the remaining intrinsic motivation types in respect to its outcomes and antecedents.ConclusionIntrinsic motivation appears to be a relatively homogeneous construct within educational psychology. Specification of different types of intrinsic motivation is likely to provide only marginal benefit.
Alterations in fermentation parameters during and after induction of a subacute rumen acidosis in the rumen simulation technique
Authors: Orton Theresa , Rohn Karl , Breves Gerhard , Brede Melanie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSubacute rumen acidosis (SARA) is a common problem in dairy cattle. High‐concentrate rations lead to an accumulation of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the rumen and a subsequent decrease in ruminal pH. As SARA impairs animal welfare and productivity, numerous in vivo studies are focusing on evaluation of prevention strategies. In vitro models can support this research and reduce animal numbers and experimental costs. We used different diets and buffer compositions to induce SARA in the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec) and investigated the recovery process. The experiment consisted of an equilibration period (7 days), a first control period, a SARA period and a second control period (5 days each). During the SARA period, SARA was induced by infusing SARA1 or SARA2 buffer with reduced bicarbonate (20 mmol/L and 25 mmol/L) and phosphate (both 10 mmol/L) contents compared to a modified McDougall's buffer (bicarbonate 97.9 mmol/L, phosphates 20 mmol/L). Additionally, we compared three feeding strategies, which differed in the concentrate‐to‐roughage ratio (30:70, 70:30, changing ratio: 30% concentrate in control periods and 70% concentrate in SARA period). During the SARA period, the pH decreased to a constant value below the SARA thresholds of pH 5.8 and 5.6, whereas lactate concentrations remained low. The total SCFA production rate declined 3 days after SARA induction, and the molar proportion of acetate decreased. The decrease in pH and SCFA production was more pronounced for SARA1 buffer. The high‐concentrate diet reduced the molar proportion of acetate and increased NH3‐N concentrations. During the second control period, most parameters recovered. In conclusion, SARA conditions were successfully induced in the Rusitec. However, we observed a higher influence of buffer composition than of concentrate proportions on most biochemical parameters. Nearly all changes were reversible. This model can be applied to test acidosis prevention strategies prior to animal experiments.
Drastic changes in acute stroke treatment
Authors: Kimura Kazumi , Nito Chikako , Nishiyama Yasuhiro , Suda Satoshi , Aoki Junya , Saito Tomonari , Suzuki Kentaro , Sakamoto Yuki , Katano Takehiro 
Published: June 2020

Abstractt‐PA therapy has been able to be performed based on RCT study results in the world from 25 years ago. However, the Japan government approved the use of t‐PA 15 years ago. In the last 15 years, diagnostic imaging and treatment for acute stroke have been changed remarkably. The appearance of diffusion‐weighted images as diagnostic imaging for acute stroke and mechanical thrombectomy as treatment for acute stroke can markedly improve patient outcome. We experienced many severe patients treated with such therapies discharged by walk. Therefore, we would like to emphasize that stoke treatment has been changed drastically. Unfortunately, at present, stroke patients who do not have benefit from t‐PA therapy and mechanical thrombectomy therapies are not so many. In order to solve those problems, we should need to establish a stroke medical care system in Japan as soon as possible. In this presentation, we will outline the image of acute stroke, acute treatment, and stroke medical care system.
Evaluating mandibular symphysis bone density according to various skeletal patterns with CBCT
Authors: Gousman Jay , Park Jae Hyun , Chae Jong‐Moon 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the bone density (BD) at the mandibular symphysis according to horizontal and vertical patterns using cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT).Setting and SamplingThree hundred nineteen untreated adults with a mean age of 24 years.Materials and MethodsCBCT images were converted into the lateral cephalometric images, and tracings were performed for categorizing the patients based on skeletal features. Cortical BDs at B point, pogonion (Pog), genion (Ge) and menton (Me), and cancellous BDs of the mandibular symphysis were measured using CBCT images. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the effects of horizontal and vertical skeletal patterns on BDs.ResultsFemales exhibited higher BD than males at the Me, Pog, Ge (P < .001). Hyperdivergent skeletal pattern showed significantly higher cortical BD than normovergent and hypodivergent skeletal patterns at Me (P < .001). Normovergent skeletal pattern showed significantly higher cortical BD than hypodivergent skeletal patterns at Me (P = .001). Class II skeletal pattern showed significantly higher cortical BD than Class I and III skeletal patterns at Me (P < .001) and Ge (P < .05). Class I skeletal pattern showed significantly higher mean cortical BD than Class III skeletal pattern at B point (P = .025). Cancellous BD was higher in Class III and hypodivergent skeletal patterns than others but showed no statistical significance.ConclusionsSignificant differences were identified across various skeletal patterns. Several mandibular symphyseal landmarks showed statistically significant differences in BD at Me, B point and Ge, with Me having the most statistically significant findings.
Double chamber cross‐talk, the ultimate double‐cross
Authors: Almehmadi Fahad , Duffett Stephen , Khan Habib R. , Klein George , Yee Raymond 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCross‐talk is a well‐described phenomenon in a dual‐chamber cardiovascular implantable electronic device. Far‐field ventricular events are more commonly sensed in the atrial channel, the reverse is uncommon, and seeing both at the same time has never been reported. We present a case of double cross‐talk in a dual‐chamber Medtronic ® implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator. In this report, we decipher an unusual device response to the cross‐talk and describe the programming changes required to resolve it.
Hemicelluloses and associated compounds determine gall functional traits
Authors: Bragança G. P. P. , Alencar C. F. , Freitas M. S. C. , Isaias R. M. S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe intriguing questions concerning gall development refer to the processes of the remodelling of the host plant organ. Such processes involve the restructuring of cell walls and can be influenced by phenolics, indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Alterations in cell walls demand the interference in the coupling of cellulose fibrils and hemicelluloses (xyloglucans) at specific stages of gall development. In addition to cell wall remodelling, hemicelluloses, such as the, xyloglucans and heteromannans can act as reserve carbohydrates, while xylans provide rigidity to the secondary cell walls.Developmental traits of the lenticular, fusiform and globoid galls onInga ingoides(Fabaceae) were analysed using anatomical, cytometric, histochemical and immunocytochemical tools.Phenolics, IAA and ROS accumulated in similar gall tissue compartments, and may have influenced the restructuring of hemicelluloses and pectins. Contrary to expectations, cell wall flexibility regarding the dynamics of xyloglucans and cellulose fibrils does not relate to a temporal scale. The detection of xyloglucans in nutritive cell walls relate to carbohydrate nutritional resources to the galling insect, while xylans were associated to the lignified cell walls. Heteromanans were not detected, either in non‐galled or galled tissues.The patterns of cell expansion during gall development relied on the relationship among phenolics, ROS and IAA with the hemicelluloses (xyloglucans and xylans) and cellulose fibrils. Although cell wall dynamics is specific to each gall morphotype inI. ingoides, the xyloglucans function as carbohydrate reserve to the gall inducers, which constitutes a functional trait common to the three morphotypes.
Parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems interactively predict change in cognitive functioning in midlife adults
Authors: Knight Erik L. , Giuliano Ryan J. , Shank Sean W. , Clarke Megan M. , Almeida David M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe two branches of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) have been individually linked to changes in cognitive functioning: The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) has been associated with healthy cognitive aging, whereas excessive sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity has been linked to heightened cognitive decline. Despite these separate findings and despite the integrative nature of the ANS, little work has examined the two branches simultaneously to better understand their interactive effects on changes in cognitive functioning in midlife adults. We examined cognitive change in two waves of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study cognitive project and indexed PNS and SNS activity from heart rate variability and epinephrine levels, respectively, from the MIDUS biomarker project (minimum n = 843, 57.9% female, mean age at first wave = 53.8 years). Our findings indicate that greater PNS responsivity (i.e., greater withdrawal and greater recovery) in response to cognitive challenge is associated with attenuated cognitive decline, but only among individuals with low SNS levels; at higher SNS levels, the effects of the PNS on cognitive decline are attenuated. These results suggest that future research targeting the ANS and cognitive aging should consider both ANS branch's effects simultaneously.