bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chloride-dependent conformational changes in the GlyT1 glycine transporter
Authors: Zhang Yuan-Wei , Uchendu Stacy , Leone Vanessa , Bradshaw Richard T. , Sangwa Ntumba , Forrest Lucy R. , Rudnick Gary 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe human GlyT1 glycine transporter requires chloride for its function. However, the mechanism by which Cl-exerts its influence is unknown. To examine the role that Cl-plays in the transport cycle, we measured the effect of Cl-on both glycine binding and conformational changes. The ability of glycine to displace the high-affinity radioligand [3H]CHIBA-3007 required Na+and was potentiated over 1000-fold by Cl-. We generated GlyT1b mutants containing reactive cysteine residues in either the extracellular or cytoplasmic permeation pathways and measured changes in the reactivity of those cysteine residues as indicators of conformational changes in response to ions and substrate. Na+increased accessibility in the extracellular pathway and decreased it in the cytoplasmic pathway, consistent with stabilizing an outward-open conformation as observed in other members of this transporter family. In the presence of Na+, both glycine and Cl-independently shifted the conformation of GlyT1b toward an outward-closed conformation. Together, Na+, glycine and Cl-stabilized an inward-open conformation of GlyT1b. We then examined whether Cl-acts by interacting with a conserved glutamine to allow formation of an ion pair that stabilizes the closed state of the extracellular pathway. Molecular dynamics simulations of a GlyT1 homologue indicated that this ion pair is formed more frequently as that pathway closes. Mutation of the glutamine blocked the effect of Cl-, and substituting it with glutamate or lysine resulted in outward- or inward-facing transporter conformations, respectively. These results provide novel and unexpected insight into the role of Cl-in this family of transporters.
A Precuneal Causal Loop Mediates External and Internal Information Integration in the Human Brain
Authors: Lu D. , Pappas I. , Menon D. K. , Stamatakis E. A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHuman brains interpret external stimuli based on internal representations. One untested hypothesis is that the default-mode network (DMN) while responsible for internally oriented cognition can also encode externally oriented information. The unique neuroanatomical and functional fingerprint of the posterior part of the DMN supports a prominent role for the precuneus in this process. By utilising imaging data during two tasks from 100 participants, we found that the precuneus is functionally divided into dorsal and ventral subdivisions, each one differentially connecting to internally and externally oriented networks. The strength and direction of their connectivity is modulated by task difficulty in a manner dictated by the balance of internal versus external cognitive demands. Our study provides evidence that the medial posterior part of the DMN may drive interactions between large-scale networks, potentially allowing access to stored representations for moment to moment interpretation of an ever-changing environment.
FACT is recruited to the +1 nucleosome of transcribed genes and spreads in a Chd1-dependent manner
Authors: Jeronimo Célia , Angel Andrew , Poitras Christian , Collin Pierre , Mellor Jane , Robert François 
Published: August 2020

The histone chaperone FACT occupies transcribed regions where it plays prominent roles in maintaining chromatin integrity and preserving epigenetic information. How it is targeted to transcribed regions, however, remains unclear. Proposed models for how FACT finds its way to transcriptionally active chromatin include docking on the RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) C-terminal domain (CTD), recruitment by elongation factors, recognition of modified histone tails and binding partially disassembled nucleosomes. Here, we systematically tested these and other scenarios inSaccharomyces cerevisiaeand found that FACT binds transcribed chromatin, not RNAPII. Through a combination of experimental and mathematical modeling evidence, we propose that FACT recognizes the +1 nucleosome, as it is partially unwrapped by the engaging RNAPII, and spreads to downstream nucleosomes aided by the chromatin remodeler Chd1. Our work clarifies how FACT interacts with genes, suggests a processive mechanism for FACT function, and provides a framework to further dissect the molecular mechanisms of transcription-coupled histone chaperoning.HighlightsHigh-resolution mapping of FACT localization in yeastFACT binds partially unwrapped nucleosomes in transcribed genes, not RNAPIIFACT distribution along genes requires Chd1Processive mechanism for FACT function
Characterization of Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicle Lipids in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Su Huaqi , Rustam Yepy H. , Masters Colin L. , Makalic E , McLean Catriona , Hill Andrew F. , Barnham Kevin J. , Reid Gavin E. , Vella Laura J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLipid dyshomeostasis is associated with the most common form of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Substantial progress has been made in identifying positron emission tomography (PET) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for AD, but they have limited use as front-line, non-invasive diagnostic tools.Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by all cell types and contain an enriched subset of their parental cell molecular composition, including lipids. EVs are released from the brain into the periphery, providing a potential source of tissue and disease specific lipid biomarkers. However, the EV lipidome of the central nervous system (CNS) is currently unknown and the potential of brain-derived EVs (BDEVs) to inform on lipid dyshomeostasis in AD remains unclear. The aim of this study was to reveal the lipid composition of BDEVs in human frontal cortex tissue, and to determine whether BDEVs in AD have altered lipid profiles compared to age-matched neurological controls (NC).Here, using semi-quantitative mass spectrometry, we describe the BDEV lipidome, covering 4 lipid categories, 17 lipid classes and 692 lipid molecules. Frontal cortex-derived BDEVs were enriched in glycerophosphoserine (PS) lipids, a characteristic of small EVs. Here we report that BDEVs are enriched in ether-containing PS lipids. A novel finding that further establishes ether lipids as a feature of EVs.While no significant changes were detected in the frontal cortex in AD, the lipid profile of the BDEVs from this tissue exhibited disease related differences. AD BDEVs had altered glycerophospholipid (GP) and sphingolipid (SP) levels, specifically increased plasmalogen glycerophosphoethanolamine (PE-P) and decreased polyunsaturated fatty acyl containing lipids (PUFAs), and altered amide-linked acyl chain content in sphingomyelin (SM) and ceramide (Cer) lipids relative to vesicles from neurological control subjects. The most prominent alteration being a two-fold decrease in lipid species containing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).The in-depth lipidome analysis provided in this study highlights the advantage of EVs over more complex tissues for improved detection of dysregulated lipids that may serve as potential biomarkers in the periphery.
Autonomous omnidirectional mobile robot navigation based on hierarchical fuzzy systems
Authors: Krichen Najla , Masmoudi Mohamed Slim , Derbel Nabil 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a one-layer Mamdani hierarchical fuzzy system (HFS) to navigate autonomously an omnidirectional mobile robot to a target with a desired angle in unstructured environment. To avoid collision with unknown obstacles, Mamdani limpid hierarchical fuzzy systems (LHFS) are developed based on infrared sensors information and providing the appropriate linear speed controls.

Design/methodology/approach
The one-layer Mamdani HFS scheme consists of three fuzzy logic units corresponding to each degree of freedom of the holonomic mobile robot. This structure makes it possible to navigate with an optimized number of rules. Mamdani LHFS for obstacle avoidance consists of a number of fuzzy logic units of low dimension connected in a hierarchical structure. Hence, Mamdani LHFS has the advantage of optimizing the number of fuzzy rules compared to a standard fuzzy controller. Based on sensors information inputs of the Mamdani LHFS, appropriate linear speed controls are generated to avoid collision with static obstacles.

Findings
Simulation results are performed with MATLAB software in interaction with the environment test tool “Robotino Sim.” Experiments have been done on an omnidirectional mobile robot “Robotino.” Simulation results show that the proposed approaches lead to satisfied performances in navigation between static obstacles to reach the target with a desired angle and have the advantage that the total number of fuzzy rules is greatly reduced. Experimental results prove the efficiency and the validity of the proposed approaches for the navigation problem and obstacle avoidance collisions.

Originality/value
By comparing simulation results of the proposed Mamdani HFS to another navigational controller, it was found that it provides better results in terms of path length in the same environment. Moreover, it has the advantage that the number of fuzzy rules is greatly reduced compared to a standard Mamdani fuzzy controller. The use of Mamdani LHFS in obstacle avoidance greatly reduces the number of involved fuzzy rules and overcomes the complexity of high dimensionality of the infrared sensors data information.
Impact of technological uncertainty and technological complexity on organizational information processing capability: the moderating role of work experience
Authors: Jilke Sebastian 
Published: August 2020

PurposeTechnological uncertainty and technological complexity are key characteristics of new product development (NPD) projects that impose significant information processing requirements on organizations. This paper examines the direct influence of technological uncertainty and technological complexity as well as the indirect influence of work experience on organizational information processing capabilities.Design/methodology/approachThe author used a sample of 166 respondents from the German automotive industry and applied linear hierarchical regression analysis.FindingsThe results confirm a negative influence of technological uncertainty and technological complexity on organizational information processing capability. This research also supports a moderating influence of work experience on these relationships.Originality/valueThis research helps to understand the relationship between technological uncertainty, technological complexity and OIPC. It represents a first and different approach to measure these constructs for further empirical studies and provides interesting managerial implications.
Impact of familiar collaboration on construction project quality: perceptions from clients and contractors in Singapore's construction industry
Authors: Gao Shang , Low Sui Pheng , Lee Sarah Xin Xuan 
Published: August 2020

PurposeDue to the fragmented and complex nature of the construction industry, many countries, including Singapore, have progressively encouraged greater collaboration amongst major stakeholders in the industry. It is hoped that doing so will result in an increase in the quality of construction projects. Given the long duration of typical construction projects, it is plausible for collaborating parties to develop close and personal relationships. In recent years, corruption cases arising from familiar collaboration have caught the public's attention. This study seeks to better understand familiar collaboration and its adverse impacts on the quality of construction projects.Design/methodology/approachA mixed research method was adopted, with a questionnaire survey distributed to 32 respondents representing client and contractors. This was followed by interviews to validate the survey findings.FindingsThe findings suggest that, when there is a lack of surveillance, familiar collaboration is likely to lead to favouritism and dishonesty, which can have an adverse impact on the quality of construction projects. The findings additionally suggest that value for money, conformance to specifications and fitness for purpose are the main aspects of quality that are likely to be adversely affected by corrupt practices bought about by familiar collaboration.Originality/valueIn this paper, these relationships are described using the term familiar collaboration. Strong and intimate relationships of this type may lead to a danger of parties committing corrupt practices. This study is one of the very attempts seek to better understand familiar collaboration and its adverse impacts on the quality of construction projects.
Dataset of forewing length of Japanese and Taiwanese butterfly species
Authors: Nakadai Ryosuke , Kobayashi Takuya , Hashimoto Koya 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRevealing how species assemblages are structured is one of the themes in community ecology and macroecology. The information of species traits as well as geographic occurrence would help analyze the pattern and process of species interactions and community assembly. Butterfly species are one of the best‐studied groups about their distribution and tons of their occurrence data exist. Also, life history traits, especially interaction with host plants are well‐described. However, the body size information is still poor although this is one of the most important characters affecting their distribution and life history traits. Here, we constructed a data set of the forewing length of butterflies by extracting the information from five Japanese and Taiwanese picture books. We measured 6,211 forewing lengths for a total of 524 species. Scientific, family and common names of the butterflies distributed in Japan were based on a Japanese picture book, and the other species distributed in Taiwan were based on Taiwanese picture books. Also, we added the information of butterfly names based on Binran database. Each record of butterflies is linked with the corresponding taxonomic names in the other two books to easily identify the species even when the names used in the three books and the Binran database are not the same. The dataset will be useful for basic and applied biological studies of butterflies because their forewing length is a proxy of their body size and dispersal ability, which could be important determinants of their physiology, distribution, ecosystem functioning and evolution.The complete data set for this abstract published in the Data Paper section of the journal is available in electronic format in MetaCat in JaLTER at http://db.cger.nies.go.jp/JaLTER/metacat/metacat/ERDP-2020-11.1/jalter-en.
Requiem for the interest rate controls in China
Authors: Sun Rongrong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper reviewed the retail interest rate control deregulation in China over the period 1993–2015 to provide a preliminary assessment of the People's Bank of China's (PBC's) new operating framework. The interest rate controls triggered the development of deposit substitutes that banks used to circumvent the restrictions, which, in turn, drove deposits out of commercial banks. This gave rise to concerns about a deterioration of bank profits and a build‐up of financial fragility, which have pushed up the PBC's deregulation acceleration over the post‐2012 period. This study quantified the distortionary effects of these controls: disintermediation, a rising shadow banking system, and financial repression. Despite the official lifting of controls, retail interest rates are still subject to the PBC's window guidance and other pricing mechanism guidance. The preliminary assessment of the new interest rate corridor system is encouraging: Its bounds are effective most of the time.
Repellent efficacy of essential oils and plant extracts againstTribolium castaneumandPlodia interpunctella
Authors: Lee Hwa‐Eun , Hong Su Jung , Hasan Najmul , Baek Eun Joo , Kim Jun Tae , Kim Young‐Duk , Park Mi‐Kyung 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study was conducted to investigate the repellent efficacy of essential oils (Origanum vulgare,Pimpinella anisum, andTanacetum cinerariifolium) and four plant extracts (Agastache rugosa,Capsicum annuum,Citrus reticulata, andGinkgo biloba) againstTribolium castaneum(adults and larvae) andPlodia interpunctella(larvae). Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of carvacrol, anethole, and jasmolin I as the predominant constituent inO. vulgare,P. anisum, andT. cinerariifolium, respectively. Furthermore, ethyl hexopyranoside, 9,12‐octadecadienoic acid, cyclopentanol, and 2‐cresol were identified inA. rugosa,C. annuum,C. reticulata, andG. biloba, respectively. The repellent efficacy of each essential oil, plant extract, and the combination of oils was evaluated using a specially designed cylinder trap for 120 h. Among the three oils,O. vulgareandT. cinerariifoliumhad greatest repellent efficacy againstP. interpunctellalarvae.T. cinerariifoliumexhibited effective repellence against the adults and larvae ofT. castaneum. Therefore,O. vulgare(O) andT. cinerariifolium(T) were selected for further investigation of combined effects. Two essential oils were mixed in three different ratios of OT1 (1:3), OT2 (1:1), and OT3 (3:1). The repellent efficacies of OT1 and OT2 against the adults ofT. castaneumwere significantly greater than that of OT3. OT1 was effective against the larvae ofT. castaneum, whereas OT2 was effective against the larvae ofP. interpunctella. OT1 enhanced the repellent efficacy by approximately five times against larvae ofT. castaneum, compared with that ofT. cinerariifolium. Overall, OT1 was selected as the best repellent substance against all the tested insects.
Elusive cats in our backyards: persistence of the North Chinese leopard (Panthera pardus japonensis) in a human‐dominated landscape in central China
Authors: YANG Haitao , XIE Bing , ZHAO Guojing , GONG Yinan , MOU Pu , GE Jianping , FENG Limin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe North Chinese leopard (Panthera pardus japonensis), the least‐known big cat, disappeared in most historical range for decades, following the development of modern civilization. Unfortunately, we have scarce knowledge about the status of this big cat so far, apart from anecdotal reports. In this study, we investigated density, distribution, and habitat use of the leopard, the apex predator, in a complex forest landscape in the Loess Plateau. We used a camera‐trapping network to obtain population estimates for leopards over 2 years through spatially explicit capture–recapture models. Our results, based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian/MCMC methods, reveal that the largest wild population of the leopard was found widely distributed in remnant forests in central Loess plateau. The population is increasing in our study area, and the density of leopards (1.70 (SE = 0.48) − 2.40 (SE = 0.67)/100 km2) is higher than other areas of China. According to the analysis of 2 seasonal occupancy models, prey species drive partially the leopard habitat use, predicting that the big cat thrives from the recovery of prey community. However, human disturbances, especially oil wells, seem to have negative impacts on the habitat use of leopards. Specifically, it is necessary to have joint efforts by the government and researchers to improve human disturbances management and prey species population density, as well as strengthen the investment in research on the North Chinese leopard, which could all further strengthen protection ability and ensure the long‐term survival of this species.
Population genome of the newly discovered Jinchuan yak to understand its adaptive evolution in extreme environments and generation mechanism of the multirib trait
Authors: LAN Daoliang , JI Wenhui , XIONG Xianrong , LIANG Qiqi , YAO Wenye , MIPAM Tserang‐Donko , ZHONG Jincheng , LI Jian 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe adaptation and diversity of animals to the extreme environments of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) are typical materials to study adaptive evolution. The recently discovered Jinchuan yak population has many individuals with multiple ribs. However, little is known about this yak's origin, evolution, and the genetic mechanisms that formed its unique multirib trait. Here, we report a valuable population genome resource of the Jinchuan yak by resequencing the whole genome of 150 individuals. Population genetic polymorphism and structure analysis reveal that Jinchuan yak can be differentiated as a unique and original yak population among the domestic yak. Combined with geological change, the Jinchuan yak's evolutionary origin is speculated to be about 6290 years ago, which may be related to the unique geographical environment of the eastern edge of the QTP during this period. Compared with other domestic yaks, this new population has 280 positively selected genes. The genes related to skeletal function hold a considerable and remarkable proportion, suggesting that the specific skeletal characteristics have been enhanced in the adaptive evolution of Jinchuan yak in the extreme plateau environment. The genome‐wide association study has revealed that TUBA8 and TUBA4A, the genes that regulate the cytoskeleton, are potential genes associated with the multirib trait. Our findings provide a basis to further understand the generation mechanism of the adaptive evolution of this new population in high‐altitude extreme environments and the multivertebrate trait of domestic animals.
Glutamatergic input from the insula to the ventral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis controls reward‐related behavior
Authors: Girven Kasey S. , Aroni Sonia , Navarrete Jovana , Marino Rosa A.M. , McKeon Paige N. , Cheer Joseph F. , Sparta Dennis R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIndividuals suffering from substance use disorder often experience relapse events that are attributed to drug craving. Insular cortex (IC) function is implicated in processing drug‐predictive cues and is thought to be a critical substrate for drug craving, but the downstream neural circuit effectors of the IC that mediate reward processing are poorly described. Here, we uncover the functional connectivity of an IC projection to the ventral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (vBNST), a portion of the extended amygdala that has been previously shown to modulate dopaminergic activity within the ventral tegmental area (VTA), and investigate the role of this pathway in reward‐related behaviors. We utilized ex vivo slice electrophysiology and in vivo optogenetics to examine the functional connectivity of the IC‐vBNST projection and bidirectionally control IC‐vBNST terminals in various reward‐related behavioral paradigms. We hypothesized that the IC recruits mesolimbic dopamine signaling by activating VTA‐projecting, vBNST neurons. Using slice electrophysiology, we found that the IC sends a glutamatergic projection onto vBNST‐VTA neurons. Photoactivation of IC‐vBNST terminals was sufficient to reinforce behavior in a dopamine‐dependent manner. Moreover, silencing the IC‐vBNST projection was aversive and resulted in anxiety‐like behavior without affecting food consumption. This work provides a potential mechanism by which the IC processes exteroceptive triggers that are predictive of reward.