bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the increased heat performance of direct steam generation of Fresnel power plant using nanoparticles
Authors: Salehi Najmeh , Mehdipour Ramin , Lavasani Arash Mirabdolah , Eftekhari Yazdi Mohammad 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUtilization of direct steam generation is a significant point in the solar power plants particularly in linear Fresnel collectors. In this research, the increased heat transfer coefficient has been scrutinized in the used nanoparticles with volumetric concentrations of 0.01 to 2% in comparison with pure water in the linear Fresnel collectors for two mass fluxes embrace 100 and 500 kg/m2 s. In this process, determination of critical heat flux (CHF) is substantially important that in truth, it has been obtained with a numerical thermal analysis. Using the look up table method, the location of CHF has been determined for pure water and all nanofluids. According to obtained results for two types of mass fluxes and in along increasing of volumetric concentration from 0 up to 2% for gold nanoparticles, tube temperature in its internal surface has been decreased that it has been equaled 1.33 and 0.34% for mass fluxes 100 and 500 kg/m2 s, respectively. Also, length of CHF has been increased equal to 91.01 and 114.1% for mentioned mass fluxes. On the other hand, an increasing has been acquired about convection heat flux in CHF point that they are 1.49 and 0.28%.
Removal of levosulpiride from pharmaceutical wastewater using an advanced integrated treatment strategy comprising physical, chemical, and biological treatment
Authors: Jhunjhunwala Aastha , Pathak Uttarini , Sarkar Kalyan Kumar , Majee Subhasish , Mandal Dalia Dasgupta , Mandal Tamal 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn recent times the impact of pharmaceutical wastes generated from the pharmaceutical industry and domestic sewages on the aquatic ecosystem has become a major concern. The traditional sole treatment processes are not adequate for the elimination of these wastes. To overcome the lack of the individual treatment processes, integrated treatment methodology has been devised in the present study. The degradation of the pharmaceutical, levosulpiride, by using Ozone (O3), activated carbon (AC) and biological treatment by A.faecalis JF339228 and E. aurantiacum KX008295.1in its aqueous solution has been investigated. The percentage removal of Levosulpiride from its synthetic aqueous solution of 600 mg/L concentration using 2 g/L activated carbon and 5.2 g/h ozone and biological treatment by A.faecalis JF339228 and E. aurantiacum KX008295.1 in 72 hr were 51.60, 53.50, 39.97, and 37.51% respectively. Simultaneous treatment using adsorption and ozone followed by biological treatment with A. faecalis JF339228 and E. aurantiacum KX008295.1 has been employed in this study. To overcome the demerits of the individual treatment process, the integrated treatment is employed which has shown a synergistic effect in the degradation of levosulpiride with minimal doses of activated carbon, ozone, and minimum time of operation. The percentage removal of levosulpiride achieved was about 76 and 61% for 800 mg/L levosulpiride wastewater, respectively. Therefore, the integrated treatment system is rendered economical, efficient, and safe.
Review on remote sensing methods for landslide detection using machine and deep learning
Authors: Mohan Amrita , Singh Amit Kumar , Kumar Basant , Dwivedi Ramji 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLandslide, one of the most critical natural hazards, is caused due to specific compositional slope movement. In the past decades, due to inflation of urbanized area and climate change, a compelling expansion in landslide prevalence took place which is also termed as mass/slope movement and mass wasting, causing extensive collapse around the world. The principal reason for its pursuance is a reduction in the internal resistance of soil and rocks, classified as a slide, topple, fall, and flow. Slopes can be differentiated based on earth material and the nature of its movements. The downward flow of landslides occurs due to excessive rainfall, snowmelt, earthquake, volcanic eruption, and so on. This review article revisits the conventional approaches for identification of landslides, predicting future risk, associated with slope failures, followed by emphasizing the advantages of modern geospatial techniques such as aerial photogrammetry, satellite remote sensing images (ie, panchromatic, multispectral, radar images), Terrestrial laser scanning, and High‐Resolution Digital Elevation Model (HR‐DEM) in updating landslide inventory maps. Machine learning techniques like Support Vector Machine, Artificial neural network, deep learning has been extensively used with geographical data producing effective results for assessment of natural hazard/resources and environmental research. Based on recent studies, deep learning is a reliable tool addressing remote sensing challenges such as trade‐off in imaging system producing poor quality investigation, in addition, to expedite consequent task such as image recognition, object detection, classification, and so on. Conventional methods, like pixel and object‐based machine learning methods, have been broadly explored. Advanced development in deep learning technique like CNN (Convolutional neural network) has been extensively successful in information extraction from an image and has exceeded other traditional approaches. Over the past few years, minor attempts have been made for landslide susceptibility mapping using CNN. In addition, small sample sizes for training purpose will be major drawback and notably remarkable while using deep learning techniques. Also, assessment of the model's performance with diverse training and testing proportion other than commonly utilized ratio, that is, 70/30 needs to be explored further. The review article briefly highlights the remote sensing methods for landslide detection using machine learning and deep learning.
State‐dependent evaluation of predictive ability
Authors: Siliverstovs Boriss , Wochner Daniel S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study systematically broadens the relevance of possible model performance asymmetries across business cycles in the spirit of the recent state‐dependent forecast evaluation literature (e.g. Chauvet & Potter, 2013) to hundreds of macroeconomic indicators and deepens the forecast evaluation of the recent factor model literature on hundreds of target variables (e.g. Stock & Watson, 2012b) in a state‐dependent manner. Our results are consistent with both strands of the literature and generalize the former to over 200 macroeconomic indicators and differentiate the latter across three levels of temporal granularity: We document systematic model performance differences in both absolute and relative terms across business cycles (longitudinal) as well as across variable groups (cross‐sectional) and find these performance differences to be robust across several alternative specifications. The cross‐sectional prevalence and robustness of state dependency shown in this article encourages economic forecasters to complement model performance assessments with a state‐dependent evaluation of predictive ability.
Performance analysis of hybrid/single nanofluids on augmentation of heat transport in lid‐driven undulated cavity
Authors: Nasrin Rehena , Hossain Saddam , Zahan Ishrat , Ahmed Khandker Farid Uddin , Fayaz Hussain 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis numerical study reveals the heat transfer performance of hybrid/single nanofluids inside a lid‐driven sinusoidal trapezoidal‐shaped enclosure. The right and left inclined surfaces of the trapezium have been considered as insulated, whereas the bottom sinusoidal wavy and the flat top surfaces of the enclosure as hot and cold, respectively. The governing partial differential equations of fluid's velocity and temperature have been resolved by applying the finite element method. The implications of Prandtl number (4.2‐6.2), Richardson number (0.1‐10.0), undulation number (0‐3), nanoparticles volume fraction (0%‐3%), and nanofluid/base fluid (water, water–copper (Cu), water–Cu–carbon nanotube, water–Cu–copper oxide (CuO), water–Cu–TiO2, and water–Cu–Al2O3) on the velocity and temperature profiles have been studied. Simulated findings have been represented by means of streamlines, isothermal lines, and average Nusselt number of above‐mentioned hybrid nanofluids for varying the governing parameters. The comparison of heat transfer rates using hybrid nanofluids and pure water has been also shown. The heat transfer rate is increased about 15% for varying Richardson number from 0.1 to 10.0. Blending of two nanoparticles suspension in base fluid has a higher heat transfer rate—approximately 5% than a mononanoparticle. Moreover, a higher average Nusselt number is obtained by 14.7% using the wavy surface than the flat surface of the enclosure. Thus, this study showed that applying hybrid nanofluid may be beneficial to obtain expected thermal performance.
Sequential bortezomib and temozolomide treatment promotes immunological responses in glioblastoma patients with positive clinical outcomes: A phase 1B study
Authors: Rahman Mohummad A. , Brekke Jorunn , Arnesen Victoria , Hannisdal Marianne H. , Navarro Andrea G. , Waha Andreas , Herfindal Lars , Rygh Cecilie B. , Bratland Eirik , Brandal Petter , Haasz Judit , Oltedal Leif , Miletic Hrvoje , Lundervold Arvid , Lie Stein A. , Goplen Dorota , Chekenya Martha 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive malignant brain tumor where median survival is approximately 15 months after best available multimodal treatment. Recurrence is inevitable, largely due to O6 methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) that renders the tumors resistant to temozolomide (TMZ). We hypothesized that pretreatment with bortezomib (BTZ) 48 hours prior to TMZ to deplete MGMT levels would be safe and tolerated by patients with recurrent GBM harboring unmethylated MGMT promoter. The secondary objective was to investigate whether 26S proteasome blockade may enhance differentiation of cytotoxic immune subsets to impact treatment responses measured by radiological criteria and clinical outcomes.MethodsTen patients received intravenous BTZ 1.3 mg/m2 on days 1, 4, and 7 during each 4th weekly TMZ‐chemotherapy starting on day 3 and escalated from 150 mg/m2 per oral 5 days/wk via 175 to 200 mg/m2 in cycles 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Adverse events and quality of life were evaluated by CTCAE and EQ‐5D‐5L questionnaire, and immunological biomarkers evaluated by flow cytometry and Luminex enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsSequential BTZ + TMZ therapy was safe and well tolerated. Pain and performance of daily activities had greatest impact on patients' self‐reported quality of life and were inversely correlated with Karnofsky performance status. Patients segregated a priori into three groups, where group 1 displayed stable clinical symptoms and/or slower magnetic resonance imaging radiological progression, expanded CD4+ effector T‐cells that attenuated cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte associated protein‐4 and PD‐1 expression and secreted interferon γ and tumor necrosis factor α in situ and ex vivo upon stimulation with PMA/ionomycin. In contrast, rapidly progressing group 2 patients exhibited tolerised T‐cell phenotypes characterized by fourfold to sixfold higher interleukin 4 (IL‐4) and IL‐10 Th‐2 cytokines after BTZ + TMZ treatment, where group 3 patients exhibited intermediate clinical/radiological responses.ConclusionSequential BTZ + TMZ treatment is safe and promotes Th1‐driven immunological responses in selected patients with improved clinical outcomes (Clinicaltrial.gov (NCT03643549)).
Cabazitaxel exhibits more favorable molecular changes compared to other taxanes in androgen‐independent prostate cancer cells
Authors: Cevik Ozge , Acidereli Hilal , Turut Fatma Aysun , Yildirim Sahin , Acilan Ceyda 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTaxane‐based chemotherapy drugs (cabazitaxel, docetaxel, and paclitaxel) are microtubule inhibitors, which are effectively and frequently used to treat metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). Among these, cabazitaxel is offered as a new therapeutic option for patients with metastatic castration‐resistant PC as that are resistant to other taxanes. Here, we investigated the cellular and molecular changes in response to cabazitaxel in comparison with docetaxel and paclitaxel in androgen‐independent human PCas. The androgen‐independent human PCa cell lines, PC3 and DU145, were treated with 1 to 5nM cabazitaxel, docetaxel, or paclitaxel, and assessed for cell viability (MTT assay), colony forming ability and migration (scratch assay). The induction of apoptosis was determined through measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential (JC‐1 assay) and caspase‐3 activity assay. The protein expression changes (caspase‐3, caspase‐8, Bax, Bcl‐2, β‐tubulin, nuclear factor‐κB [NF‐κB/p50, NF‐κB/p65], vascular endothelial growth factor, WNT1‐inducible signaling pathway protein‐1 [WISP1], transforming growth factor β [TGF‐β]) in response to drug treatment were screened via western blotting. Under our experimental conditions, all taxanes significantly reduced WISP1 and TGF‐β expressions, suggesting an anti‐metastatic/antiangiogenic effect for these drugs. On the other hand, cabazitaxel induced more cell death and inhibited colony formation compared to docetaxel or paclitaxel. The highest fold change in caspase‐3 activity and Bax/Bcl‐2 ratio was also detected in response to cabazitaxel. Furthermore, the induction of β‐tubulin expression was lower in cabazitaxel‐treated cells relative to the other taxanes. In summary, cabazitaxel shows molecular changes in favor of killing PCa cells compared to other taxanes, at least for the parameters analyzed herein. The differences with other taxanes may be important while designing other studies or in clinical settings.
A synthetic coumarin derivative (4‐flourophenylacetamide‐acetyl coumarin) impedes cell cycle at G0/G1 stage, induces apoptosis, and inhibits metastasis via ROS‐mediated p53 and AKT signaling pathways in A549 cells
Authors: Umar Shweta , Soni Rina , Durgapal Sunil D. , Soman Subhangi , Balakrishnan Suresh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNew chemotherapeutic agents with minimum side effects are indispensable to treat non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) since the mortality rate of patients suffering from NSCLC remains high despite receiving conventional medication. In our previous study, many coumarin derivatives were screened for their anticancer properties in A549, an in vitro NSCLC model. One of these, 4‐flourophenylacetamide‐acetyl coumarin (4‐FPAC), induced cytotoxicity at a concentration as low as 0.16 nM. Herein, initially, the cytotoxic potential of 4‐FPAC was tested on a noncancerous cell line NIH3T3 and was found safe at the selected dose of 0.16 nM. Further, we investigated the mechanism by which 4‐FPAC induced cytotoxicity and arrested the progression of cell cycle as well as metastasis in A549. Results of ethidium bromide/acridine orange (EtBr/AO), 4,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole, comet, and lactate dehydrogenase assays revealed that 4‐FPAC caused cytotoxicity via reactive oxygen species‐induced p53‐mediated mechanism, which involves both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis. Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, rhodamine 123, and AO staining confirmed the involvement of both mitochondria and lysosome in inducing apoptosis. However, flow cytometric analysis revealed that it causes cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase by modulating p21, CDK2, and CDK4 expression. Aggregation, soft‐agar, clonogenic, and scratch assays as well as gene expression analysis collectively confirmed that 4‐FPAC minimizes the metastatic property of A549 by downregulating Snail, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and interleukin‐8. Additional studies reaffirmed the above findings and substantiated the role of PI3K/AKT in achieving them. The cell‐type‐specific selective cytostatic and antimetastatic properties shown by 4‐FPAC indicate its potential to emerge as a drug of choice against NSCLC in the future.
Anti‐apoptotic effect of vinpocetine on cisplatin‐induced hepatotoxicity in mice: The role of Annexin‐V, Caspase‐3, and Bax
Authors: Habib Sally A. , Abdelrahman Rehab S. , Abdel Rahim Mona , Suddek Ghada M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHepatic damage is one of the most common complications related to cisplatin (Cis) use. Recently, liver protection lines are being discovered to avoid hepatic cell death as a result of oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic disturbance. Limited data reported the hepatoprotective effect of vinpocetine (Vin) in acute liver injury models. This study was designed to determine the potential protective effect of Vin (10‐30 mg/kg, orally) against Cis‐induced liver injury (10 mg/kg, IP) in mice. Vin administration for 1 week before Cis injection until the end of the experiment. On the 6th day after Cis injection, mice were anesthetized, blood and tissue samples were collected. Hepatic function, histological changes, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptotic markers were investigated. Vin administration ameliorated liver injury as indicated by decreased liver injury parameters; serum aminotransferases, ALK‐P, GGT, and bilirubin, restored the anti‐oxidant status by decrease MDA and NOx, and increased GSH and SOD, inhibited inflammation (IL‐6, TNF‐α, NFκB‐p65, and iNOS) and apoptosis (Annexin‐V, Bax, and Caspase‐3) parameters. Vin confers dose‐dependent protection against Cis‐induced liver injury. The hepatoprotective effect of Vin involved anti‐oxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐apoptotic activities.
Perfluorooctanoic acid activates the unfolded protein response in pancreatic acinar cells
Authors: Hocevar Sarah E. , Kamendulis Lisa M. , Hocevar Barbara A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPerfluoroalkyl substances, such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), are widely used in consumer and industrial applications. Human epidemiologic and animal studies suggest that PFOA exposure elicits adverse effects on the pancreas; however, little is known about the biological effects of PFOA in this organ. In this study, we show that PFOA treatment of mouse pancreatic acinar cells results in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activation of the protein kinase‐like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol‐requiring kinase/endonuclease 1α (IRE1α), and activating transcription factor 6 arms of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway. PFOA‐stimulated activation of the UPR was blocked by pretreatment with specific PERK and IRE1α inhibitors and the chemical chaperone 4‐phenyl butyrate, but not the antioxidants N‐acetyl‐
l‐cysteine and Tiron. PFOA treatment led to increased cytosolic Ca+2 levels and induction of the UPR was blocked by an inhibitor of the inositol 1,4,5‐trisphosphate receptor. These findings indicate that PFOA‐induced ER stress may be the mechanistic trigger leading to oxidative stress in the pancreas.
Long non‐coding RNA T‐cell factor 7 in multiple myeloma: A potential biomarker for deteriorated clinical features and poor prognosis
Authors: Zhang Cui , Chu Min , Fan Yingchao , Wu Liting , Li Zhumeng , Ma Xiaoyan , Zhuang Wenfang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the correlation of long non‐coding RNA T‐cell factor 7 (lnc‐TCF7) with clinical features and prognosis in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).MethodsTotally, 216 newly diagnosed symptomatic MM patients and 60 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Bone marrow samples were collected from patients before treatment and from HCs on donation to detect lnc‐TCF7 expression in plasma cells by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Besides, clinical response, progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) of patients were assessed.ResultsLnc‐TCF7 expression was increased in patients with MM compared with HCs. Lnc‐TCF7 expression was highest in international staging system (ISS) stage III patients, followed by ISS stage II patients, and then ISS stage I patients, while lnc‐TCF7 expression was similar in patients with different immunoglobulin subtypes and Durie‐Salmon stages. Regarding chromosomal abnormalities, lnc‐TCF7 expression positively correlated with t(4; 14) and Del(17p), whereas no correlation of lnc‐TCF7 expression with t(14; 16), 1q21 amplification, Del(13q), or hyperdiploid was observed in patients with MM. Furthermore, lnc‐TCF7 expression positively correlated with serum creatinine, beta‐2‐microglobulin, and lactate dehydrogenase in patients. Besides, lnc‐TCF7 was negatively associated with complete response but not overall response rate in patients. Additionally, patients with lnc‐TCF7 high expression exhibited shorter PFS and OS compared to patients with lnc‐TCF7 low expression.ConclusionLnc‐TCF7 might have clinical value in aiding disease management and prognosis prediction of MM.
Prenatal Exposure to Antibiotics and Development of Epilepsy in Children
Authors: Sassonker‐Joseph Nirit , Gorodischer Rafael , Atar‐Vardi Maya , Noyman Iris , Novack Lena 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe aimed to confirm or reject previous reports on the association of prenatal antibiotic exposure and development of epilepsy in offspring by accounting for known and unidentified confounding factors. In a retrospective cohort investigation, we enrolled children aged 3‐18 years born between 1998 and 2012 at a single regional hospital and their mothers. A computerized medication database was linked with hospital records. The exposed group included children whose mothers purchased 1 or more antibiotic medications for use during pregnancy. Epilepsy was defined by epilepsy diagnosis and/or by chronic dispensing of antiepileptic drugs. We analyzed maternal exposure to antibiotics 2 years after delivery (but not during pregnancy and/or the 2 years following delivery) as part of the specificity analysis. We enrolled 88 899 children and their 74 416 mothers. The group exposed prenatally to antibiotics comprised 36 622 children (41.2%). Of them, 326 (0.9%) developed epilepsy compared with 370 of 52 277 (0.7%) in the unexposed group (relative risk [RR], 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07‐1.44: P = .004). Exposure during the first, second, and third trimesters was characterized by incidence of epilepsy in 0.8% (P = .943), 0.9% (P = .266), and 0.9% (P = .073) of children, respectively, compared with the unexposed group, with an RR of 1.01 (95%CI, 0.83‐1.23), 1.12 (95%CI, 0.92‐1.36), and 1.19 (95%CI, 0.98‐1.45), respectively. Similarly, prenatal exposure by antibiotic class was associated with epilepsy. Nevertheless, the specificity analysis strongly suggested the possibility of confounding by indication. Our findings indicated that pregnant women should receive the indicated antibiotic treatment with no fear of the development of epilepsy in their children.
On the existence and the enumeration of bipartite regular representations of Cayley graphs over abelian groups
Authors: Du Jia‐Li , Feng Yan‐Quan , Spiga Pablo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we are interested in the asymptotic enumeration of bipartite Cayley digraphs and Cayley graphs over abelian groups. Let be an abelian group and let be the automorphism of defined by , for every . A Cayley graph is said to have an automorphism group as small as possible if . In this paper, we show that, except for two infinite families, almost all bipartite Cayley graphs on abelian groups have automorphism group as small as possible. We also investigate the analogous question for bipartite Cayley digraphs. These results are used for the asymptotic enumeration of bipartite Cayley digraphs and graphs over abelian groups.