bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a New Pulse Oximeter Sensor
Authors: Fernandez Marco , Burns Kathy , Calhoun Beverly , George Saramma , Martin Beverly , Weaver Chris 
Published: November 2019

• Background A new forehead noninvasive oxygen saturation sensor may improve signal quality in patients with low cardiac index.
• Objectives To examine agreement between oxygen saturation values obtained by using digit-based and forehead pulse oximeters with arterial oxygen saturation in patients with low cardiac index.
• MethodsA method-comparison study was used to examine the agreement between 2 different pulse oximeters and arterial oxygen saturation in patients with low cardiac index. Readings were obtained from a finger and a forehead sensor and by analysis of a blood sample. Bias, precision, and root mean square differences were calculated for the digit and forehead sensors. Differences in bias and precision between the 2 noninvasive devices were evaluated with a t test (level of significance P&lt;.05).
• Results Nineteen patients with low cardiac index (calculated as cardiac output in liters per minute divided by body surface area in square meters; mean 1.98, SD 0.34) were studied for a total of 54 sampling periods. Mean (SD) oxygen saturations were 97% (2.4) for blood samples, 96% (3.2) for the finger sensor, and 97% (2.8) for the forehead sensor. By Bland Altman analysis, bias ± precision was −1.16 ± 1.62% for the digit sensor and −0.36 ± 1.74% for the forehead sensor; root mean square differences were 1.93% and 1.70%, respectively. Bias and precision differed significantly between the 2 devices; the forehead sensor differed less from the blood sample.
• Conclusions In patients with low cardiac index, the forehead sensor was better than the digit sensor for pulse oximetry.
AACN Synergy Model’s Characteristics of Patients: Psychometric Analyses in a Tertiary Care Health System
Authors: Brewer Barbara B. , Wojner-Alexandrov Anne W. , Triola Nora , Pacini Christine , Cline Melanie , Rust Jo Ellen , Kerfoot Karlene 
Published: November 2019

• Background Models for delivery of patient care that recognize the relationship between the characteristics of the patient and the competencies of the nurse are essential for high-quality outcomes.• Objectives (1) To test application of a case report form used to assess patients’ characteristics as defined by the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) Synergy Model for Patient Care in a general population of pediatric and adult patients and (2) to evaluate the internal consistency reliability and construct validity of the patient characteristics measure found on the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses Web site.• Methods A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted in 2 phases. The first phase consisted of secondary data analysis of 481 ratings of patients provided by 11 expert nurses. The second phase consisted of primary data collection of 279 ratings of patients provided by 116 general and critical care nurses. The case report form was used to rate characteristics of patients in both phases; a self-rated nursing proficiency scale was used in the second phase. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sample. Correlational techniques were used to evaluate internal consistency reliability and evidence of construct validity.• Results The case report form based on the AACN Synergy Model’s characteristics of patients showed satisfactory internal consistency reliability and evidence of discriminant construct validity. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 2-factor solution representing an intrapersonal interaction factor and an interpersonal interaction factor.• Conclusion The case report form for assessing characteristics of patients showed utility in a general population of adult and pediatric patients, some critically ill and some not. Nurses without previous knowledge of the AACN Synergy Model were able to apply the model during routine patient care.
Unusual Source of Gastrointestinal Bleed and Endoscopic Management
Authors: Choudhary Narendra S , Bansal Rinkesh Kumar , Puri Rajesh , Gupta Mahesh Kumar , Patil Gaurav , Shah Vinit , Nasa Mukesh , Sud Randhir 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding due to jejunal diverticula is very rare. Capsule endoscopy is a useful diagnostic tool for localizing the bleeding site, but single‑balloon enteroscopy is a good therapeutic modality for the management. Here, we report two cases, in whom the cause of GI bleeding was jejunal diverticula and they managed successfully with endoscopic management.
“Ampullary Gangliocytic Paraganglioma:” A Rare Neuroendocrine Tumor Can Be Safely Treated with Ampullectomy
Authors: Sharma Manik , Mohiuddin Syed Adnan , Kaabi Saad Al , Mujeeb Imad Bin , Deviere Jacques 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Ampullary Gangliocytic paraganglioma is a rare gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor with a characteristic histologic appearance involving epitheliod, spindle and ganglion cells. Endoscopic ultrasound is useful to determine depth of invasion and regional metastasis. Endoscopic resection, Ampullectomy and pancreato-duodenenectomy have been described as management options in literature but no consensus has been established. The index case describes an asymptomatic 42 y/o lady with a background of plexiform neurofibromatosis referred for cholestatic derangement of liver function. She was found to have a dilated biliary system with a periampullary mass which proved to be a Gangliocytic Paraganglioma without local lymph node metastasis. She underwent successful endoscopic ampullectomy with complete normalization of LFT and decompression of the biliary system with no clinical or endoscopic recurrence at 2 years follow up. We
advocate that Partial Ampullectomy could be done safely as a treatment of localized Ampullary GP allowing long term resolution of symptoms.
Isolated Terminal Ileal Mucosal Changes: When is the Bite Indicated?
Authors: Jain Mayank , Srinivas M. , Ravi R. , Mahadevan B. , Michael Tom , Venkataraman Jayanthi 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Aim: This study aims to determine the clinical presentation, and ileal mucosal changes during colonoscopy for which terminal ileal (TI) biopsies were taken at our center and to determine the specific histopathology which had the best yield for specific colonoscopy findings. Materials and Methods: Retrospective audit of all patients who underwent colonoscopy with ileoscopy between 2012 and 2016. All patients with TI mucosal changes and normal colonic mucosa, who underwent ileal biopsy, were included in this study. Patient data regarding age, gender, indication for ileocolonoscopy (screening for colorectal cancers, inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], or irritable bowel syndrome [IBS]) and histopathology changes were collected. Appropriate statistical tests were used and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: One hundred and nine patients had isolated ileal lesions. The median age was 44.1 years (range 8–80
years). Men outnumbered women in a ratio of 82:27. The major clinical indications for ileocolonoscopy were IBS (64.2%), followed by IBD (22%). Ulcers (aphthoid) were the most frequent finding followed by mucosal nodularity and nonspecific findings. Ulcers in ileum were most often reported as chronic ileitis (46.2%), followed by nonspecific changes (35.2%) Biopsy from nodular ileal lesions, were predominantly nonspecific (74.4%), followed by acute (15.4%) and chronic ileitis (10.2%). About 50% of specimens with nonspecific ileal changes had nonspecific histological changes. Ileal ulcers had the highest sensitivity, PPV, and NPV for significant histological findings. Conclusion: Ileal ulcers are the significant colonoscopy findings where tissue biopsy is likely to yield a definitive diagnosis and justify specific management. Biopsies from nonspecific ileal changes and nodularity should be discouraged as it is unlikely to pick up
any major abnormality.
Contextualizing the Positive Effects of the Well Elderly 2 Trial: A Response to Schelly and Ohl (2019)
Authors: Pyatak Elizabeth A. , Carlson Mike , Vigen Cheryl L. P. , Blanchard Jeanine , Niemiec Stacey Schepens , Sideris John , Baranek Grace T. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Importance: A recent reanalysis of data from the Well Elderly (WE) 2 study purportedly indicated that the intervention did not achieve clinically meaningful or statistically significant effects; this article addresses these criticisms.
Objective: To contextualize the WE 2 study as targeting a nonclinical population and demonstrate that the intervention produced substantively important, statistically significant effects.
Design: Secondary analysis of WE 2 intervention-based pre–post change scores.
Setting: The original trial occurred primarily in senior centers and senior housing facilities in greater Los Angeles.
Participants: Independent-living older adults (N = 324) who were assessed before and after intervention.
Intervention: The WE intervention, a version of the Lifestyle Redesign® (LR) approach, was administered by occupational therapists over 6 mo by means of group and individual sessions.
Outcomes and Measures: The 36-item Short Form Health Survey, the Life Satisfaction Index–Z, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale.
Results: The WE intervention was associated with statistically significant improvement on 10 of 12 outcome variables that were examined.
Conclusions and Relevance: Because the WE intervention was hypothesized to reduce age-related decline and followed a population-oriented approach, the expectation that average results would be clinically meaningful was inappropriate. The intervention produced positive effects across a wide array of outcome domains. In settings in which clinical meaningfulness is an appropriate index of intervention outcomes, evidence suggests that LR produces effects that are clinically meaningful. As an evidence-based intervention, LR should be considered useful both in population-oriented contexts and in addressing discrete health conditions.
What This Article Adds: Valid analyses demonstrate that the positive experimental effects of the WE 2 study are, in fact, genuine and cost-effective, and LR in clinically oriented contexts has produced statistically significant, clinically meaningful results. Clearly and accurately representing the evidence base of occupational therapy in prevention and chronic care is of critical importance to advance the field as a whole.
‘Russian Americans’ in Soviet Film
Authors: Levitina Marina L 
Published: November 2019

Certain aspects of American popular culture had a formative influence on early Soviet identity and aspirations. Traditionally, Soviet Russia and the United States between the 1920s and the 1940s are regarded as polar opposites on nearly every front. Yet American films and translated adventure fiction were warmly received in 1920s Russia and partly shaped ideals of the New Soviet Person into the 1940s. Cinema was crucial in propagating this new social hero. While open admiration of American film stars and heroes of literary fiction in the Soviet press was restricted from the late 1920s onwards, many positive heroes of Soviet Socialist Realist films in the 1930s and 1940s were partially a product of Soviet Americanism of the previous decade. Some of the new Soviet heroes in films of the 1930s and 1940s possessed traits noticeably evocative of the previously popular American film stars such as Douglas Fairbanks, Pearl White and Mary Pickford. Others cinematically represented the contemporary trope of the ‘Russian American,’ an ideal worker exemplifying the Stalinist marriage of ‘Russian revolutionary sweep’ with ‘American efficiency.
“Russian Americans’ in Soviet Film analyses the content, reception and underlying influences of over 60 Soviet and American films, exploring new territory in Soviet cinema studies and American-Russian cultural relations. It presents groundbreaking archival research encompassing Soviet audience surveys, Soviet film journals and reviews, memoirs and articles by Soviet filmmakers, and scripts, among other sources. The book reveals that values of optimism, technological skill, efficiency and self-reliance – perceived as quintessentially American – were incorporated into new Soviet ideals through channels of cross-cultural dissemination, resulting in cultural synthesis.
El gobierno de las territorialidades transfronterizas internacionales: la experiencia latinoamericana
Authors: Dilla Alfonso Haroldo , Hansen Figueroa Karen 
Published: November 2019

El advenimiento del régimen de acumulación postfordista de naturaleza neoliberal relativiza las territorialidades westfalianas y pone en jaque la noción de los límites duros protectores de las naciones. Ello ha conducido a la emergencia de formas específicas de “territorialidades superpuestas” -regiones y complejos urbanos transfronterizos- que colocan en un primer plano la conformación de regímenes políticos fronterizos (RPF), entendidos como el ensamblaje de instituciones, normas, procedimientos y prácticas discursivas que canaliza la interacción conflictiva de los actores públicos por recursos y valores en territorialidades de fronteras internacionales. Este artículo analiza la situación de los RPF en América Latina a partir de la manera como los estados perciben a sus fronteras -integracionistas, hostiles e indiferentes- teniendo como base el análisis de la información documental y académica disponible, así como los estudios de campo desarrollados por los autores en varias regiones fronterizas continentales. En particular se analizan y contrastan las experiencias nacionales Chile, República Dominicana y Colombia. El artículo concluye sobre la necesidad de miradas postwestfalianas que permitan el aprovechamiento de las sinergias transfronterizas en pos del desarrollo regional.
Statistical Analysis of Birth Weight and Gender of Newborn Infants
Authors: Onyekwelu Jide , H. Nwankwo Chike , C. A. Oyeka I. 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Birth weight is an important determinant of infant morbidity and mortality. Its effect extends upto adult life and may explain some non-communicable diseases that may occur in adult life. In general, males weigh more than females. Birth weight is categorised into three levels, viz., low, normal and high. This study analysed the relationship between gender and the categories of birth weights.
Materials and Methods: Data on babies’ gender and birth weights from 961 term life deliveries in a private general practice hospital were analysed. Test on equality of the mean weight of males and females at the three categorical levels were done using z test and t-tests, as necessary.
Results: Mean birth weight was found to be 3.30 ± 0.495 kg. Males weighed significantly heavier than females at mean weights of 3.343 ± 0.495 kg and 3.258 ± 0.490 kg, respectively. In the low birth weight category, males weighed 1.844 ± 0.297 kg and females weighed 1.992 ± 0.397 kg. There was no significant difference. Similarly, the mean weight of males and females in the high birth weight category were 4.462 ± 0.343 kg and 4.342 ± 0.219 kg, respectively with no significant difference. In the normal weight category, males weighed significantly more than the females with the mean weight of 3.30 ± 0.359 kg and 3.248 ± 0.392 kg, respectively.
Conclusion: Male babies weighed more than female babies only in the normal birth weight category. The factor that selectively affected the birth weight of male babies must be acting under the category of normal birth weight only.
More studies are necessary to identify the factors and the reasons, for which they act only at the level of the normal birth weight.
A 3-Year Physiotherapy Management of a Case of Spinal Poliomyelitis Referred at Three Months Post Paralysis
Authors: Okonkwo Uchenna Prosper , Umunnah Joseph Onuwa , Ihegihu Chima Collins 
Published: November 2019

Background: Poliomyelitis is known to bring about huge complications that foist debilitating disabilities on a patient with poliomyelitis. Most post-polio survivors live with disabilities throughout a lifetime with an attendant social and economic consequence.
Objective: Based on the findings from subjective assessment and physical examination, the objective of the current study focused on early physiotherapy intervention measures for preventing complications such as contracture, joint stiffness, muscle wasting, severe gait abnormality, vertebral mal-alignment, and unusual pain.
Case Description: A 4-month-old patient referred for physiotherapy evaluation following an inability to functionally move the two lower limbs and lifting of the left upper limb. There was no history of previous treatment before referral to physiotherapy management. The physical therapists reviewed the available literature, consulted with medical and physical therapist experts and the patient, and elected to use an approach combining the use of low intensity, short duration, and intermittent activity or exercise performed within patient’s limit of fatigue, weakness, and pain.
Intervention: The child was on low-intensity exercises, electrical muscle stimulation and heat therapy 3 times per week for 12 months, 2 times per week for12 months, once a week, and once in two weeks for 6 months.
Outcomes: Patient was able to achieve one-minute ambulation without walking aid in 33 months. Significantly, patient attained 5-minute ambulation in 36 months’ time. Also, ranges of motion were intact with no records of contracture in any tendon.
Discussion: The outcome of this study demonstrated that early physiotherapy intervention and long-term follow-up are beneficial in preventing/reducing complications, thereby regaining of millstones and achieving functional independence in patients with acute flaccid paralysis such as polio.
Parenting Style, Emotional Intelligence and Psychological Health of Nigerian Children
Authors: Olutope Akinnawo E. , Bede C. Akpunne , Olufunmilayo A. Olajide 
Published: November 2019

Aim: Emotional Intelligence (EI) has been defined as the ability to perceive, understand, regulate, and connect emotions to oneself and in relation to others. Research findings show that parenting style could potentially contribute to or hinder the lifetime success of a child well into adulthood including leadership roles. The influence of parenting style on the emotional intelligence and psychological health of the Nigerian child has not being given adequate research attention.
Study Design: Exploratory /Descriptive survey design.
Methodology: Purposive sampling technique was used to select 332 (mean age = 14) in-school adolescents who responded to Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), Parenting Style Dimension Questionnaire (PSDQ) and General Health Questionnaire -12 (GHQ-12). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.
Results: Observed patterns for low, high and very high levels respectively are: authoritative parenting style (45.5%, 41.6%, and 12.9%), authoritarian parenting style (53%, 30.7% and 16.3%); permissive parenting style (64.2%, 20.7% and 15.1%). Authoritative as well as authoritarian parenting styles were observed to significantly predict Emotional Intelligence. Permissive parenting style failed to significantly predict Emotional Intelligence. Authoritative parenting style failed to significantly predict psychological distress, while authoritarian as well as permissive parenting styles were significant predictors of psychological distress.
Conclusion: Authors conclude that a child’s emotional intelligence and psychological health status are products of parenting style.
Detection of Rotavirus and Adenovirus Co-infection among Apparently Healthy School Aged Children in Ilishan-remo Community of Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: Samson Enitan Seyi , Ihongbe John Cletus , Ochei John Okeleke , Oluremi Adeolu Sunday , Ajulibe Goziem Edikan 
Published: November 2019

Background: Viral gastroenteritis is still a major public health challenge in the Sub-Sahara Africa, with Rotavirus and Adenovirus as the leading causes of acute gastroenteritis among children.
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Rotavirus and Adenovirus co-infection and associated risk factors among apparently healthy school aged children with history of diarrhea in Ilishan-Remo community of Ogun State, Nigeria.
Study Design: This is a descriptive-epidemiological survey.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria, between March and May, 2019.
Methodology: A total of 60 children (24 males and 36 females) were recruited and their stool samples were examined using the SD Bioline Rota/Adeno virus antigen rapid test kits (Standard Diagnostics, INC., South-Korea) according to the manufacturer’s instruction. The demographic and clinical information of the participants were collected using structured questionnaires.
Results: Three, 3 (5.0%) out of the 60 participants screened, were mono-infected with Rotavirus, 2 (3.3%) were mono-infected with Adenovirus, while only 1 (1.7%) of them was co-infected with both Rotavirus and Adenovirus. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the prevalence of mono/co-infection with Rotavirus and Adenovirus among the study participants on the basis of age and gender. Lack of knowledge of Rotavirus and Adenovirus, history of diarrhea, eating of raw unwashed fruits and vegetables, poor hand hygiene after playing with toys and peers, and lack of regular medical check-up are some of the risk factors identified in this study.
Conclusion: The outcome of this study shows that mono/co-infection with Rotavirus and Adenovirus exist among apparently healthy school aged children with history of diarrhea in Ilishan-Remo community of Ogun State, Nigeria with a prevalence rate of 5.0%, 3.3% and 1.7%, respectively. Appropriate public health measures must therefore be taken to halt the cycle of infection in the community to forestall possible outbreak in the future.
Roadmap to Gigahertz Organic Transistors
Authors: Zschieschang Ute , Borchert James W. , Giorgio Michele , Caironi Mario , Letzkus Florian , Burghartz Joachim N. , Waizmann Ulrike , Weis Jürgen , Ludwigs Sabine , Klauk Hagen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDespite the large body of research conducted on organic transistors, the transit frequency of organic field‐effect transistors has seen virtually no improvement for a decade and remains far below 1 GHz. One reason is that most of the research is still focused on improving the charge‐carrier mobility, a parameter that has little influence on the transit frequency of short‐channel transistors. By examining the fundamental equations for the transit frequency of field‐effect transistors and by extrapolating recent progress on the relevant device parameters, a roadmap to gigahertz organic transistors is derived.