bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triazine Herbicides Removal from Water with Granular Activated Carbon
Authors: Ilavský Ján , Barloková Danka , Marton Michal 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The general characteristics of triazine herbicides and their negative effect on environments and human health are described in this article. Triazine herbicides currently account for more than half of all pesticide formulations. They are intensively used for the protection of field crops, orchards and vineyards, but they are also used in the removal of undesirable stands on non-agricultural land (railway embankments, playgrounds, handling areas, etc.), in water management (in coastal management, destruction of growths in irrigation canals), in forestry, etc. Regular application of herbicides increases their content in the aquatic environment and agricultural products. Their occurrence in water is relatively common and it follows that these substances are used in large quantities. Residues of these substances can persist in soils for 1 to 2 years. Due to their good solubility in water, they are easily transported from the soil to aquifers. Several methods can be used to remove pesticides from water, e.g. coagulation, filtration, precipitation, ozonation, adsorption, ion exchange, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and advanced oxidation processes. Their effectiveness varies considerably and depends mainly on the chemical nature of the pesticide being removed. This article studies adsorption on the two granular activated carbons Filtrasorb 400 and Norit 1240 W. Model solution of the pesticides, with concentration of approximately 1 µg/L, was prepared by mixing 50 mL of the pesticide’s standards with approximately 5 L of drinking water. The pH of drinking water was neutral, and this solution was then properly mixed and was used in the experiments. The experiments were performed in the glass bottles with the volume of 200 mL pesticide solution. On the analytical scales weighed out 200 mg granular activated carbon was used and then it was added to the bottles. Subsequently these bottles were regularly stirred, and the samples were taken out at times 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 and 360 minutes. Samples were taken by pipette into the 40 ml glass vials with added thiosulfate for preservation. After the experiments, these vials were sent to the analytical laboratory, which performed the analysis of the concentration of pesticides. The performed analytical methods were consistent with US EPA 535 and US EPA 1694. Concentration was determined by liquid chromatography using an internal standard method. The triazine herbicides detection analysis results after adsorption process in drinking water spiked with standard of pesticides shows, that the efficiency of selected triazines removal and adsorption capacity for two granular activated carbons used varied. Filtrasorb F400 proved to be a better sorption material than Norit 1240. The efficiency of this material ranged from 18 to 60%, while the efficiency of Norit 1240 was significantly lower.
Hydrogeological Model of Geothermal Waters in Gölemezli and Environs, Western Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Özgür Nevzat , FatihAkınay  
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Study area is situated in 2 km NW part of the world famous travertine deposits of Pamukkale located in the node point of the Büyük Menderes and Gediz rift zones. Geologically, there are two rocks units for reservoirs in the area: (1) the Neogene Sazak formation forms the shallow reservoir and (2) the Paleozoic Iğdecik and Ortaköy formation forms the deep reservoir and are composed of marble, quartzite and schist alternations. In the area, in-situ measurements of temperatures, pH, Eh (mV), electrical conducxgtivity values (&#x03BC;aS/cm), dissolved oxygen values (mg/l) and alkalinity values (mmol/l) were realized. At the same time, 15 samples of geothermal waters and groundwaters in the study area were collected for cation and anion analyses by ICP-OES and IC. The geothermal waters of Gölemezli are of Na-Ca-(SO4)-HCO3 type waters whereas the geothermal waters of Pamukkale are classified as Ca-Mg-HCO3 type waters. In Gölemezli, thera are predominant cations of Na+K>Ca>Mg and predominat anions of SO4>HCO3>Cl respectively. The triangular diagram of Na1/1000-K1/100-√Ma indicates an immature water in Gölemezli and environs. Finally, geothermal waters of Gölemezli and environs were represented as a conceptual model due to hydrogeological, hydrogeochemical and isotope geochemical data in this study.
Hydrogeological Modelling of Geothermal Waters in Yenice (Buldan, Denizli) and Environs, Turkey
Authors: Özgür Nevzat , Aslan Cihan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The study deals with hydrogeological modelling of geothermal waters in Yenice located in the southern margin of the continental rift zone of the Büyük Menderes where it incorporates with the rift zone of the Gediz within the Menderes Massif in which hydrogeological, hydrogeochemical andi sotope geochemical methods were used. In Yenice and environs, Paleozoic metamorphic rocks forms the basement overlain by Neogene sedimentary rocks such as Kızılburun formation, Sazak formation, Kolonkaya formation and Tosunlar formation. These rocks are overlain by Quaternary alluviums and travertine deposits. Geothermal waters in the area of Yenice are of meteoric origin and show intense water-rock interaction. These geothermal waters can be considered as Ca-Na-(SO4)-HCO3type. Moreover, geothermal waters have an order of cations of Na+K>Ca>Mg and anions of HCO3>SO4>Cl. Geothermal waters of the study area are distinguished by surface temperatures from 36 to 70 °C, pH values between 6 and 6.85 and electrical conductivity values ranging from 1950 to 5000 µS/cm. According to calculations of geochemical thermometers, geothermal waters of Yenice show reservoir temperatures between 170 and 230 °C and can be classified as immature waters.
Accuracy Evaluation and Comparison of Mobile Laser Scanning and Mobile Photogrammetry Data
Authors: Kalvoda Petr , Nosek Jakub , Kuruc Michal , Volarik Tomas , Kalvodova Petra 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Mobile mapping systems (MMS) are becoming used in standard geodetic tasks more common in the last years. This paper deals with the accuracy evaluation of two types of data acquired by MMS RIEGL VMX-450, and their comparison. The first type is data from mobile laser scanning (MLS). The second type is mobile photogrammetry data. The new high accurate test point field was built in area of Advanced Materials, Structures and Technologies (AdMaS) research centre that is part of Brno University of Technology. Geodetic network and test point field were measured by Trimble R8s GNSS system and Trimble S8 HP total station. The estimate of the 3D standard deviation determined by an adjustment is 2 mm. The accuracy of MLS and mobile photogrammetry data was tested based on the differences between the coordinates of the points determined from the MMS data and determined by before mentioned high precise measurement. The resulting coordinates from photogrammetric data were determined by manual detection of targets in the images. The estimate of the 3D standard deviation is 0.017 m from the MLS data, and 0.061 m from the mobile photogrammetry data. As we supposed, the mobile laser scanning data are significantly more accurate than mobile photogrammetry data. Achieved accuracy of MLS exceeds the original expectations with respect to the GNSS/IMU positioning accuracy, which is according to the manufacturer RIEGL between 0.02-0.05 m. The same scene is often scanned with multiple scanning passes to ensure high quality of the scanned point cloud, therefore we tested the relative accuracy of mobile laser scanning data from two MMS vehicle passes in the same locality of interest. Two different data sets were evaluated, first data set contains points on roads, second data set on buildings. The standard deviation estimate does not exceed 0.008 m and the maximum absolute deviation does not exceed 0.030 m for both data sets. The difference between the two passes is not significant in comparison with the accuracy criteria required for standard mapping purposes. We also compared automatic point cloud production from photogrammetry data processed in Bentley ContextCapture to the point cloud from laser scanning. The MLS data has been used as a reference because it is significantly more accurate as mentioned before. This comparison was done only on the second data set (buildings). The standard deviation estimate is 0.16 m and the maximum absolute deviation is 0.25 m. Our evaluation contains also statistical testing of outliers and stragglers. In contrast to many authors, we don’t use the simplified approach 3σ rule, and in 1D. We use more exact approach using critical values of the statistics for significance levels α = 5 % and α = 1 % to stragglers and outliers test in 3D.
Assessment of Impact and Ballistic Resistance of Some Types of Organoplastics
Authors: Chikhradze Nikoloz , Abashidze Guram , Tsverava Davit , Kvinikadze Sophiko , Kirtadze Lia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The paper represents the results of the experimental determination of impact resistance and the principles of assessing the ballistic resistance of organoplastics. Organoplastics are presented as a composite material consisting of unsaturated polyester resin (matrix) and a reinforcing component of organic origin, mainly aramid fiber. Reinforcing components are fabrics of various weaves, canvases, and discrete fiber. The polyester resin contains an additive that provides biodegradability of the binding component. In the case of using a biodegradable reinforcing component or a mineral-based reinforcing component, the organoplastics will cause minimal damage to the environment after the exploitation period. Experimental data on the impact resistance of the material were obtained on a 3 m high impact coper on the basis of fixing the work of destruction of samples of organoplastics of a certain thickness. The essence of the ballistic stability assessment was to compile a system of differential equations describing the degree of change in kinetic energy when a bullet (fragment) hits the material and the nature of the decrease in the speed of their contact in the barrier. To solve the system of equations, initial data are required: time, bullet velocity, length of the non-working part of the bullet, cross-sectional area, and mass of the bullet (fragment). The solution of the problem determines the degree of decrease in the speed of the bullet (fragment) contact with the barrier. The obtained research results are suitable for protecting the object from the impact and designing light armor protection of vehicles and other means.
Aluminum geochemical characterization in agricultural soils: sequential chemical extraction combined with mineralogical analysis of the fine fraction
Authors: Mercedes Taboada-Castro M. , Luz Rodríguez-Blanco M. , Teresa Taboada-Castro M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Understanding both the concentration and distribution of aluminum (Al) in agricultural soils is essential to provide a benchmark on the productivity of such soils. In this study, a combination of sequential chemical extraction and mineralogical investigation of the fine fraction was used in order to evaluate Al pools in agricultural soils in Galicia (NW Spain), an Atlantic European region where the wet climate favors leaching of soil basic cations. Determination of Al (soluble/exchangeable/specifically adsorbed, bound to manganese oxides, associated with amorphous compounds, bound to oxidizable organic matter, associated with crystalline iron oxides, and residual fraction) in the topsoil samples was performed to evaluate its potential environmental availability in the study area. Aluminum contents were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the mineralogy of the fine fraction of these soils was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that Al is mainly in the residual phase, which represents Al incorporated in the lattice minerals, and consequently the threat of toxicity to plants and the environment is reduced. The XRD results showed the presence of hydroxy-Al interlayered vermiculites and kaolinite, accompanied by small amounts of goethite, mica, and quartz.
Impact of Biochar on Soil Temperature During 2 Year Field Experiment
Authors: Gliniak Maciej , Sikora Jakub , Sadowska Urszula , Klimek-Kopyra Agnieszka , Latawiec Agnieszka , Kuboń Maciej 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to investigate the relation of temperature of the soil surface to a biochar dose used in the field cultivation. Material from observations in a vegetation season of 2018 and 2019 was used in the studies. Based on the research that was carried out it was reported that the strongest relations of the temperature of air with the temperature of soil occurred for all biochar doses. In summer, relations of biochar to the soil temperature were stable and statistically significant.
Using of ion implantation for obtaining nanostructures with the wide band GaP based on GaP
Authors: Donaev S B , Karimova V N , Azimov A T , Boltaboyev K , Yakubova M M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
GaAlP films and monocrystalline phases were obtained by method implantation of Al+ with E0 = 1 keV ions at different doses on the surface of a GaP(111) single crystal, their electronic and crystal structure was researched. It was shown that the type and parameters of the three-component nanostructure lattice well coincide with those of the substrate. The relationship between the width of the band gap Eg and the size of nanocrystalline phases is researched. It was found that in the case of the surface dimensions of phases d less than 35-40 nm (thickness 3.5-4 nm), in the nanocrystalline phases Ga0.6Al0.4P quantum-sized effect are conducted.
Calculation the dynamic stability zone of the distribution grid with generating sources based on renewable energy
Authors: Anarbaev A , Tursunov O , Zakhidov R , Kodirov D , Rakhmatov A , Toshpulatov N , Namozov S , Sabirov E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study discusses the problems of ensuring the dynamic stability of distributed grids, including traditional generators, as well as renewable energy sources. Based on the energy distribution problem, an alternative regime model is formulated to calculate the steady-state in the distributed grid. Instead of using the state vector, it uses a calculated vector containing flows of active and reactive power for all branches of the grid’s equivalent circuit and nodal voltages. Test circuits of the distribution grid are drawn up for the power node with the possible connection of a solar power station and a gas turbine. It is shown that the appearance of heavy perturbations on the lines connecting these parts leads to a loss of dynamic stability. This creates new scarce and redundant parts of electrical grids. The possibility of the appearance of such areas is reduced with small (up to 30%) and large fractions (more than 85%). Therefore, in this range, it is advisable to concentrate distributed generation facilities in individual nodes of the power system.
Linear electric actuator of a sectional plane shut-off of hydrotechnical structures
Authors: Yunusov R F , Bayzakov T M , Sattarov N E , Xaliqnazarov U A , Nazarov O A , Diniqulov D U 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The sectional design of a flat shutter with an electric drive has lower energy characteristics and improved operational and technological indicators compared to the existing ones for hydraulic structures and channels. The use of linear asynchronous electric motors in linear electric drives allows to simplify the design and reduce material consumption. Modeling of linear induction motors with various designs of the secondary element is carried out on the basis of detailed equivalent circuits for electric and magnetic circuits. Coating a massive or serrated secondary element with a layer of non-magnetic material can increase the traction performance of a linear motor. Comparison of the results of numerical modeling and physical experiments of linear induction motors with various secondary element designs for a sectional flat shutter is the most effective shielded ferromagnetic secondary element.
Estimation of the temperature and humidity kinetics during the passage of vaporous moisture through textile materials
Authors: Vakhidova U A , Ibragimova Z I , Apakhodjaeva T U 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of analyses of heat transfer during the passage of vaporous moisture through textile materials. The process of heat exchange in the system “human -clothes - environment” is considered. Considering that clothing is one of the main thermoregulators of the body, the research was conducted in terms of “thermal comfort”, which relies on the feeling of satisfaction when using the garment. Psycho-emotional and physical comfort are closely related and make up a single unity. This is of particular importance when designing clothes for pregnant women. The results of the experiments showed that with an increase in the volume of droplet-liquid moisture (which occurs during wearing with an increase in the ambient temperature and physical activity on the human body), the strength of tissue adhesion to the skin surface increases. Analyses of experimental data using mathematical statistics allowed obtaining the dependence of the sticking force on the temperature difference.
Economic efficiency in the use of solar energy: A case study of Agriculture in Uzbekistan
Authors: Kodirov D , Tursunov O , Ahmedov A , Khakimov R , Rakhmataliev M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article explores the cost-effectiveness of using a solar panel in a household. It also analyzes households’ demand for electricity and their use. Daily household consumption of electricity was calculated based on monograph observations and its average daily consumption was 1513 kW/day. The solar panels’ technical characteristics (current, voltage, battery capacity, inverter, and other) are based on the solar panels to fully meet their electricity demand. It was found that the lowest electricity generation potential could be accumulated in December, the highest in June and July, and the law was based on the opposite. Proposals and recommendations on efficient use of solar energy have been scientifically justified.
A Sustainable Environmentally Friendly Pre-Treatment Process towards Knit-Dyeing Technology Convenient for Environmental Perspective
Authors: Dutta P , Sufian M A , Sheen Sh M , Chowdhury S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The use of enzymes in textile processing has made a major contribution to the development of textiles, in particular, textile wet processing. With temperatures of 95°C, a method of conventional scouring on cotton knitted fabric is conducted in a higher base medium (pH 10.5-12) with sodium hydroxide. This process is gradually being replaced by an eco-friendly and economical approach using enzymes that obviate the non-cellulosic impurities. In this work, cotton knit fabric samples were bio-scoured by BioPrep® Fusion (bio-scouring enzyme) and also, they were scoured by using the traditional method. Then, the physicochemical parameters of the effluents derived from the scouring process have been investigated in this study. The physical parameters include Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Solids (TS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS). Moreover, the chemical parameters involve pH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and Alkalinity. Furthermore, the impacts of traditional caustic soda scouring on environmental contamination have also been investigated using a number of different techniques and apparatus and compared to that of enzymatic scoured fabrics. The results of the physicochemical parameters of the effluents test reveal greater ecological developments in the use of the enzyme. Based on the findings of this analysis, it is often understood that the bio-scouring process performed far better as opposed to the traditional method, and also the method is environmentally friendly and sustainable. Hence, enzymatic scouring can be utilized as an eco-friendly in contrast to traditional caustic soda scouring in the knit-dyeing factory.
Operational control of energy consumptions of reclamation machines
Authors: Muratov A , Muratov O , Melikuziyev S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the effectiveness of the application of a new method of operational control over the consumption of fuel and lubricants (POL) of construction and reclamation machines using GIS technologies. Operational control over the consumption of fuels and lubricants is necessary to place orders for their purchase on stock exchanges, to manage the route of refueling vehicles between construction sites and to assess the continuity of the machines at the construction site. Remote sensing of the work of the organization’s construction machines will allow you to quickly manage the processes of their transfer from facility to facility, as well as to monitor the timing of specific work (production assignment) by these machines, units and teams.
The effect of implantation barium ions on the surface of Pd and Pd-Ba under ion bombardment
Authors: Donaev S B , Normuminov J A , Rakhimov A M , Muminova D , Nishonova L H 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The influence of ion implantation Ba+ on the composition, structure and secondary emission properties of polycrystalline samples of Pd and Pd-Ba. It is shown that at low doses (D <1015 cm-2) formed separate nanocluster phase, and at high doses (D ≥ 1016 cm-2) - coarse sites Pd2Ba, Pd-Ba with sharp edges, the dimensions of which lie in the range 2 -10 microns. It has been established that ion-implanted samples exhibit relatively high emission efficiency than activated alloys.
Blockchain based Security Solutions with IoT Application in Construction Industry
Authors: Singh P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Blockchain Technology is an evolving digital technology that has become widely applicable in different industry and business sectors in recent years, particularly in financial and banking areas due to the rapid rise in the value of cryptocurrencies in recent years. A blockchain technology is basically a decentralized database that records any transaction made within the network, which is known as a ‘node,’ which includes encrypted data from the entire background of the transaction. In any sector, the implementation of decentralized technology lead to strengthening, protection, implementation of accountability and a transition from current centralized systems to a decentralized system, which is required in construction industry. The construction industry will continue to be a crucial engine of economic development for all nations. Construction industry is one of the world’s most important sectors. Application of Blockchain and IoT plays a very important role in construction industry. In construction industry, the decentralized ledger of data gathered from sources includes transactions and accounts via a linked network and relies on the agreement between the node points, which strengthens Blockchain’s transparency, traceability, and collaborative existence. This paper presents an overview and motivation for the application of IoT & Blockchain Technology in the construction industry. The integration of Blockchain technology and IoT (Internet of Things) strengthens the whole system and makes real time more applicable. This paper therefore shows Blockchain’s potential applications with IoT in the infrastructure and construction industry.