bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction between a haptoglobin genetic variant and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors on CAD severity in Singaporean Chinese population
Authors: Chang Xuling , Dorajoo Rajkumar , Han Yi , Wang Ling , Liu Jianjun , Khor Chiea‐Chuen , Low Adrian F. , Chan Mark Yan‐Yee , Yuan Jian‐Min , Koh Woon‐Puay , Friedlander Yechiel , Heng Chew‐Kiat 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundHaptoglobin (Hp) is a plasma protein with strong anti‐inflammation and antioxidant activities. Its plasma level is known to be inversely associated with many inflammatory diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. However, the association of HP genetic variants with coronary artery disease (CAD) severity/mortality, and how they interact with common CAD risk factors are largely unknown.MethodsWe conducted the analysis in a Singaporean Chinese CAD population with Gensini severity scores (N = 582) and subsequently evaluated the significant findings in an independent cohort with cardiovascular mortality (excluding stroke) as outcome (917 cases and 19,093 controls). CAD risk factors were ascertained from questionnaires, and stenosis information from medical records. Mortality was identified through linkage with the nationwide registry of births and deaths in Singapore. Linear regression analysis between HP genetic variant (rs217181) and disease outcome were performed. Interaction analyses were performed by introducing an interaction term in the same regression models.ResultsAlthough rs217181 was not significantly associated with CAD severity and cardiovascular mortality (excluding stroke) in all subjects, when stratified by hypertension status, hypertensive individuals with the minor T allele have more severe CAD (β = 0.073, SE = 0.030, p = 0.015) and non‐hypertensive individuals with the T allele have lower risk for mortality (odds ratio = 0.771 (0.607–0.980), p = 0.033).ConclusionHP genetic variant is not associated with CAD severity and mortality in the general population. However, hypertensive individuals with the rs217181 T allele associated with higher Hp levels had more severe CAD while non‐hypertensive individuals with the same allele had lower risk for mortality in the Chinese population.
Multiscale dynamic fracture analysis of composite materials using adaptive microstructure modeling
Authors: Baek Hyunil , Kweon Chulmin , Park Kyoungsoo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, a computational framework is proposed to investigate multiscale dynamic fracture phenomena in materials with microstructures. The micro‐ and macro‐scales of a composite material are integrated by introducing an adaptive microstructure representation. Then, the far and local fields are simultaneously computed using the equation of motion, which satisfies the boundary conditions between the two fields. Cohesive surface elements are dynamically inserted where and when needed, and the Park‐Paulino‐Roesler cohesive model is employed to approximate nonlinear fracture processes in a local field. A topology‐based data structure is utilized to efficiently handle adjacency information during mesh modification events. The efficiency and validity of the proposed computational framework are demonstrated by checking the energy balances and comparing the results of the proposed computation with direct computations. Furthermore, the effects of microstructural properties, such as interfacial bonding strength and unit cell arrangement, on the dynamic fracture behavior are investigated. The computational results demonstrate that local crack patterns depend on the combination of microstructural properties such as unit cell arrangement and interfacial bonding strength; therefore, the microstructure of a material should be carefully considered for dynamic cohesive fracture investigations.
Health and social care professionals’ experiences of collaborative planning—Applying the person‐centred practice framework
Authors: Jobe Ingela , Lindberg Birgitta , Engström Åsa 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo explore how person‐centred practice framework can be applied to professionals participating in collaborative planning.DesignAn explorative, deductive approach.MethodEleven professionals from health care and social care participated in the study. A deductive content analysis was performed using a framework for person‐centred practice for the analysis.ResultsPracticing person‐centred care and collaborative planning is a complex process that needs to take into account system factors on both the macro‐ and the microlevel. Everyone working within the system needs to apply the same approach. Using a framework analysis offered new insights into how person‐centred care is expressed in practice during collaborative planning between the patient, and healthcare and social care professionals.
Bioorthogonal Ligations and Cleavages in Chemical Biology
Authors: Li Youshan , Fu Hua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBioorthogonal reactions including the bioorthogonal ligations and cleavages have become an active field of research in chemical biology, and they play important roles in chemical modification and functional regulation of biomolecules. This review summarizes the developments and applications of the representative bioorthogonal reactions including the Staudinger reactions, the metal‐mediated bioorthogonal reactions, the strain‐promoted cycloadditions, the inverse electron demand Diels‐Alder reactions, the light‐triggered bioorthogonal reactions, and the reactions of chloroquinoxalines and ortho‐dithiophenols.
Development of ANN models based on combined UV‐vis‐NIR spectra for rapid quantification of physical and chemical properties of industrial hemp extracts
Authors: Valinger Davor , Jurina Tamara , Šain Adela , Matešić Nikolina , Panić Manuela , Benković Maja , Gajdoš Kljusurić Jasenka , Jurinjak Tušek Ana 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to develop artificial neural network (ANNs) models for prediction of physical (total dissolved solids, extraction yield) and chemical (total polyphenolic content, antioxidant activity) properties of industrial hemp extracts, prepared by two different extraction methods (solid‐liquid extraction and microwave‐assisted extraction) based on combined UV‐VIS‐NIR spectra. Spectral data were gathered for 46 samples per extraction method.ResultsThe PCA analysis ensured efficient separation of the samples based on the amount of ethanol in extraction solvent using NIR spectra for both conventional and microwave‐assisted extraction.ConclusionsResults showed that reliable ANN models (R2>0.7000) for describing physical, chemical, and simultaneously physical and chemical characteristics can be developed based on combined UV‐VIS‐NIR spectra of industrial hemp extracts without spectra pre‐processing.
Reciprocal interference between the NRF2 and LPS signaling pathways on the immune‐metabolic phenotype of peritoneal macrophages
Authors: Mornata Federica , Pepe Giovanna , Sfogliarini Chiara , Brunialti Electra , Rovati Gianenrico , Locati Massimo , Maggi Adriana , Vegeto Elisabetta 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe metabolic and immune adaptation to extracellular signals allows macrophages to carry out specialized functions involved in immune protection and tissue homeostasis. Nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) is a transcription factor that coordinates cell redox and metabolic responses to stressors. However, the individual and concomitant activation of NRF2 and inflammatory pathways have been poorly investigated in isolated macrophages. We here took advantage of reporter mice for the transcriptional activities of NRF2 and nuclear factor‐kB (NFκB), a key transcription factor in inflammation, and observe a persisting reciprocal interference in the response of peritoneal macrophages to the respective activators, tert‐Butylhydroquinone (tBHQ) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). When analyzed separately by gene expression studies, these pathways trigger macrophage‐specific metabolic and proliferative target genes that are associated with tBHQ‐induced pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) with no proliferative response, and with opposite effects observed with LPS. Importantly, the simultaneous administration of tBHQ + LPS alters the effects of each individual pathway in a target gene‐specific manner. In fact, this co‐treatment potentiates the effects of tBHQ on the antioxidant enzyme, HMOX1, and the antibacterial enzyme, IRG1, respectively; moreover, the combined treatment reduces tBHQ activity on the glycolytic enzymes, TALDO1 and TKT, and decreases LPS effects on the metabolic enzyme IDH1, the proliferation‐related proteins KI67 and PPAT, and the inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNFα. Altogether, our results show that the activation of NRF2 redirects the metabolic, immune, and proliferative response of peritoneal macrophages to inflammatory signals, with relevant consequences for the pharmacological treatment of diseases that are associated with unopposed inflammatory responses.
Individual and contextual determinants of male suicide in the post‐communist region: The case of Lithuania
Authors: Jasilionis Domantas , Grigoriev Pavel , Stumbrys Daumantas , Stankūnienė Vladislava 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOver the three last decades, Lithuania has reported some of the highest male suicide rates in the world. This paper relies on longitudinal census‐linked data for Lithuania covering the entire male population aged 30–64 years during the 2011–2017 period. The study uses multilevel modelling to examine the importance of the selected individual‐ and area‐level contextual characteristics. One of the key findings is the persistence of a suicide disadvantage among males living in rural areas. This disadvantage could not be explained by major sociodemographic characteristics and remained statistically significant for those individuals who migrated to urban areas. Unlike some other studies, we found that socio‐economic area‐level characteristics retained their significance after controlling for the major individual‐level characteristics. This evidence highlights the potential for policies aimed at improving area‐level conditions.
A modified hybrid finite‐element method for a semi‐implicit mass‐based non‐hydrostatic kernel
Authors: Yang Jinhui , Song Junqiang , Wu Jianping , Yin Fukang , Peng Jun , Leng Hongze 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA hybrid finite‐element vertical discretization method for a semi‐implicit mass‐based non‐hydrostatic kernel is a feasible high‐order discretization approach which combines the advantages of both finite‐differential and finite‐element methods. In this article, we put forward a modified version of the existing hybrid finite‐element method to reduce computation load and improve precision. A key feature of our modified method is the presence, in the enlarging step, of new levels which are not equally spaced, but rather based on Gaussian quadrature. A higher‐order accuracy may be thus achieved with less enlarged levels by virtue of the properties of Gaussian quadrature. The modified method is also designed to fulfil the constraints required by the dynamic kernel, which themselves are crucial to ensure stability. A set of 2D and 3D test cases are conducted so as to confirm the accuracy and the stability of the new method.
H∞ group consensus of linear dynamical systems under directed switching topology
Authors: Ren Lu , Liu Jian , Sun Changyin 
Published: August 2020

SummaryThis brief investigates the H∞ group consensus problem for linear dynamical systems with directed switching topology and external disturbance. The H∞ group consensus problem for multiagent systems (MASs) is complicated since the agents from different clusters may be cooperative or competitive. By using together algebraic graph theory and Lyapunov stability theory, we first analyze the stability of group consensus with desired H∞ performance, and then establish a sufficient condition to achieve the H∞ group consensus. This sufficient condition is derived in terms of the strengths of intra‐cluster couplings and the solution to an algebraic Riccati equation, whose solvability can be guaranteed if the MAS is state feedback stabilized with a bounded L2 gain. Moreover, the lower bound of the inter‐cluster coupling strength and dwell time are explicitly specified. Finally, the effectiveness of the theoretical results is verified by a numerical example.
Emotional reactivity to war stressors: An experience sampling study in people with and without different psychiatric diagnoses
Authors: Lapid Pickman Liron , Gelkopf Marc , Greene Talya 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThere is a lack of knowledge regarding real‐time emotional reactivity to high‐intensity stressors, particularly in people with mental illness, a potentially vulnerable population. The current study aimed to examine negative emotional reactions to recurring high‐intensity stressors within a continuous war situation, in people with different psychiatric diagnosis types. Experience sampling method was used to examine emotional reactions among 143 civilians exposed to rockets during the 2014 Israel–Gaza war, of them 18.2% with psychosis, 14.7% with anxiety or depression and 67.1% without mental illness. Participants reported exposure to rocket warning sirens and the levels of 10 negative emotions twice a day for 30 days. Negative emotional levels were higher on most emotions following high‐intensity stressors (sirens), that is, emotional reactivity was demonstrated in real‐time during war. Overall, no difference in reactivity was found among the three study groups. Moreover, people with anxiety/depression were less reactive than people without mental illness on sadness and being overwhelmed. The findings indicate similar and sometimes lower emotional reactivity to high‐intensity stressors in people with mental illness compared to the general population. Nevertheless, people with mental illness seem to have significant emotional needs during war, to be addressed in prevention and intervention efforts.
Tubulin Double Helix: Lateral and Longitudinal Curvature Changes of Tubulin Protofilament
Authors: Lee Juncheol , Song Chaeyeon , Lee Jimin , Miller Herbert P. , Cho Hasaeam , Gim Bopil , Li Youli , Feinstein Stuart C. , Wilson Leslie , Safinya Cyrus R. , Choi Myung Chul 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBy virtue of their native structures, tubulin dimers are protein building blocks that are naturally preprogrammed to assemble into microtubules (MTs), which are cytoskeletal polymers. Here, polycation‐directed (i.e., electrostatically tunable) assembly of tubulins is demonstrated by conformational changes to the tubulin protofilament in longitudinal and lateral directions, creating tubulin double helices and various tubular architectures. Synchrotron small‐angle X‐ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy reveal a remarkable range of nanoscale assembly structures: single‐ and double‐layered double‐helix tubulin tubules. The phase transitions from MTs to the new assemblies are dependent on the size and concentration of polycations. Two characteristic scales that determine the number of observed phases are the size of polycation compared to the size of tubulin (≈4 nm) and to MT diameter (≈25 nm). This work suggests the feasibility of using polycations that have scissor‐ and glue‐like properties to achieve “programmable breakdown” of protein nanotubes, tearing MTs into double‐stranded tubulins and building up previously undiscovered nanostructures. Importantly, a new role of tubulins is defined as 2D shape‐controllable building blocks for supramolecular architectures. These findings provide insight into the design of protein‐based functional materials, for example, as metallization templates for nanoscale electronic devices, molecular screws, and drug delivery vehicles.
Enhancement of Magneto‐Mechanical Actuation of Micropillar Arrays by Anisotropic Stress Distribution
Authors: Park Jeong Eun , Jeon Jisoo , Park Sei Jin , Won Sukyoung , Ku Zahyun , Wie Jeong Jae 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMagnetically active shape‐reconfigurable microarrays undergo programmed actuation according to the arrangement of magnetic dipoles within the structures, achieving complex twisting and bending deformations. Cylindrical micropillars have been widely used to date, whose circular cross‐sections lead to identical actuation regardless of the actuating direction. In this study, micropillars with triangular or rectangular cross‐sections are designed and fabricated to introduce preferential actuation directions and explore the limits of their actuation. Using such structures, controlled liquid wetting is demonstrated on micropillar surfaces. Liquid droplets pinned on magnetic micropillar arrays undergo directional spreading when the pillars are actuated as depinning of the droplets is enabled only in certain directions. The enhanced deformation due to direction dependent magneto‐mechanical actuation suggests that micropillar arrays can be fundamentally tailored to possess application specific responses and opens up opportunities to exploit more complex designs such as micropillars with polygonal cross sections. Such tunable wetting of liquids on microarray surfaces has potential to improve printing technologies via contactless reconfiguration of stamp geometry by magnetic field manipulation.
Solution‐Processed All‐V2O5 Battery
Authors: Wang Guolong , Cui Xiaoqian , Liu Jiamei , Wang Yaling , Qiao Yide , Shi Xiaowei , Zhang Yan , Liu Heguang , Li Lei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractExploring new battery technologies will promote the advance of energy storage systems. Designing a symmetrical‐structured rechargeable battery with the same electrode materials is a meaningful exploration for battery technology. Here, a solution‐processed all‐V2O5 rechargeable battery with V2O5 as both anode and cathode is presented, in which the anionic/cationic redox reactions are decoupled by precisely clamping its working potential windows. The battery shows good electrochemical performance with high capacity of 151 mAh g−1 at 0.10 C, good rate performance with 70% capacity retention when the current increases from 0.10 to 5 C, and promising cycling stability over 83% capacity retention after 900 cycles at 1 C. Moreover, the battery is highly profitable for simplified fabrication and scalable production, which benefits from its symmetrical configuration as well as the solution‐processed strategy. This work offers a new paradigm to construct advanced symmetrical energy storage devices.
A finite time adaptive back‐stepping sliding mode control for instantaneous active‐reactive power dynamics based DFIG‐wind generation towards improved grid stability
Authors: Parida Tanmoy , Dhar Snehamoy , Nayak Niranjan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a low computational, robust nonlinear feedback control is proposed as independent distributed generation controller (IDGC) for doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind power generation system (WPGS). WPGS integration as distributed generation (DG) to grid point of common coupling (PCC) is reflecting high power loss profile in terms of low frequency oscillations under grid operational contingencies and have high instability hazard under unbounded uncertainties like unintentional islanding operation. Thus, to improve the stability margin of DFIG‐WPGS integration fast DG dynamic relations are obtained, where instantaneous active‐reactive power (P‐Q) formulation is proposed to avoid unnecessary phase locked loop (PLL) angle (ω) estimation. The feedback path is designed with proposed finite time adaptive backstepping sliding mode control (FTABSMC) for IDGC operation according to ISA‐95 standards. The FTABSMC is ensured with bounded/unbounded uncertainty handling capability by incorporating backstepping based dynamic error profile depletion and with enhanced stability margin by finite time sliding surface based error trajectory to equilibrium. Further, the adaptive sliding surface estimation is proposed in terms of dynamic uncertainty (energy fluctuation) for robust unbounded uncertainty handling. The stability improvement is established with small‐signal (SS) based closed loop analysis of considered DFIG‐WPGS. The uncertainty handling capability is presented thought rigorous case studies in MATLAB based simulation environment and TMS 320 digital signal processor (DSP) based processor‐in‐loop (PIL) validation.
The ZIP6/ZIP10 heteromer is essential for the zinc-mediated trigger of mitosis
Authors: Nimmanon Thirayost , Ziliotto Silvia , Ogle Olivia , Burt Anna , Gee Julia M. W. , Andrews Glen K. , Kille Pete , Hogstrand Christer , Maret Wolfgang , Taylor Kathryn M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractZinc has been known to be essential for cell division for over 40 years but the molecular pathways involved remain elusive. Cellular zinc import across biological membranes necessitates the help of zinc transporters such as the SLC39A family of ZIP transporters. We have discovered a molecular process that explains why zinc is required for cell division, involving two highly regulated zinc transporters, as a heteromer of ZIP6 and ZIP10, providing the means of cellular zinc entry at a specific time of the cell cycle that initiates a pathway resulting in the onset of mitosis. Crucially, when the zinc influx across this heteromer is blocked by ZIP6 or ZIP10 specific antibodies, there is no evidence of mitosis, confirming the requirement for zinc influx as a trigger of mitosis. The zinc that influxes into cells to trigger mitosis additionally changes the phosphorylation state of STAT3 converting it from a transcription factor to a protein that complexes with this heteromer and pS38Stathmin, the form allowing microtubule rearrangement as required in mitosis. This discovery now explains the specific cellular role of ZIP6 and ZIP10 and how they have special importance in the mitosis process compared to other ZIP transporter family members. This finding offers new therapeutic opportunities for inhibition of cell division in the many proliferative diseases that exist, such as cancer.
Strength grading of hardwoods using transversal ultrasound
Authors: Kovryga A. , Khaloian Sarnaghi A. , van de Kuilen J. W. G. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDetection of local wood inhomogeneities is important for accurate strength and stiffness prediction. In hardwood specimens, visual characteristics (e.g. knots or fibre deviation) are difficult to detect, either with a visual surface inspection or by the machine. Transversal ultrasound scan (TUS) is a non-destructive evaluation method with high potential for hardwoods. The method relies on differences in ultrasound wave propagation in perpendicular to the grain direction. The aim of this study is to estimate and analyse the capabilities of TUS for defect detection in hardwoods and prediction of mechanical property values. In the current paper, the TUS was applied to the hardwood species European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.), Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) and sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.). In total, 16 boards of both specimens were completely scanned perpendicular to the grain using a laboratory scanner with dry-coupled transducers. The measurements were processed to 2D scan images of the boards, and image processing routines were applied to further feature extraction, defect detection and grading criteria calculation. In addition, as a reference for each board, all relevant visual characteristics and mechanical properties from the tensile test were measured. Using the TUS global fibre deviation, the size and the position of the knots can be detected. Knottiness correlates to the strength properties similarly or even better compared to the manual knottiness measurement. Between the global fibre angle measured using TUS and measured on the failure pattern, no correlation could be found. The ultrasound modulus of elasticity perpendicular to the grain does not show any meaningful correlation to the elastic properties parallel to the grain. In overall, TUS shows high potential for the strength grading of hardwoods.