bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prospective Analysis of the Mechanisms Underlying Ineffective Deep Vein Thrombosis Prophylaxis in Necrotizing Pancreatitis
Authors: Maatman Thomas K. , McGuire Sean P. , Lewellen Kyle A. , McGreevy Kathleen A. , Ceppa Eugene P. , House Michael G. , Nakeeb Attila , Nguyen Trang K. , Schmidt Max C , Zyromski Nicholas J. 
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND:
Patients with necrotizing pancreatitis (NP) have the highest rate of venous thromboembolism (VTE) of any hospitalized patient (57%). We hypothesized that VTE prophylaxis might be inadequate in the setting of this profound inflammatory disease and that early detection of deep vein thrombosis would limit pulmonary embolism.

STUDY DESIGN:
All patients with NP treated at a single center between August 2018 and December 2019 were enrolled in prospective, weekly VTE screening, including 4-extremity duplex ultrasound. Routine chemoprophylaxis included low-molecular-weight or unfractionated heparin. Peak serum anti-factor Xa concentration was measured during weekly screening (goal prophylaxis 0.2 to 0.4 IU/mL).

RESULTS:
Eighty-five patients with NP underwent a total of 201 screening events (mean 2.4 per patient). VTE developed in 55 patients (65%), including splanchnic vein thrombosis in 41 patients (48%) and extremity deep vein thrombosis (eDVT) in 32 patients (38%). Extremity DVT was diagnosed a mean ± SD of 44 ± 30 days after NP onset. Symptomatic pulmonary embolism was prevented in all patients diagnosed with eDVT and no contraindication to anticoagulation (0 of 29). Prophylactic anti-factor Xa concentration was only achieved in 21% (12 of 57 screening events); no eDVTs developed in patients achieving prophylactic anti-factor Xa concentration.

CONCLUSIONS:
In patients with NP, identification of eDVT by screening ultrasound permits early treatment and prevents symptomatic pulmonary embolism. Fixed dosing of chemical prophylaxis is inadequate in most patients with NP and likely contributes to the mechanism of increased VTE in NP.
Patient adherence to multivitamin supplementation after bariatric surgery: a narrative review
Authors: Smelt Hendrika J.M. , Pouwels Sjaak , Smulders Johannes F. , Hazebroek Eric J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Morbid obesity is a growing problem worldwide and has subsequently resulted in a wide application of bariatric surgery to achieve long-term weight loss and improvement of obesity-related co-morbidities. In spite of these clinical benefits, vitamin deficiencies are common after bariatric surgery; therefore, lifelong multivitamin supplementation (MVS) is recommended. However, patient adherence to MVS intake is generally poor. The aim of this narrative review is to analyse which factors influence the adherence of MVS intake after bariatric surgery. To provide an extensive overview, we will discuss the different factors that influence MVS use in patients who underwent bariatric surgery, but also review the literature on MVS in other patient groups.
ASKAP reveals giant radio halos in two merging SPT galaxy clusters
Authors: Wilber Amanda G. , Johnston-Hollitt Melanie , Duchesne Stefan W. , Tasse Cyril , Akamatsu Hiroki , Intema Huib , Hodgson Torrance 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEarly science observations from the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) have revealed clear signals of diffuse radio emission associated with two clusters detected by the South Pole Telescope via their Sunyaev Zel’dovich signal: SPT CLJ0553-3342 (MACS J0553.4-3342) and SPT CLJ0638-5358 (Abell S0592) are both high-mass lensing clusters that have undergone major mergers. To create science-fidelity images of the galaxy clusters, we performed direction-dependent (DD) calibration and imaging on these ASKAP early science observations using state-of-the-art software killMS and DDFacet. Here, we present our DD calibrated ASKAP radio images of both clusters showing unambiguous giant radio halos with largest linear scales of${\sim}1$Mpc. The halo in MACS J0553.4-3342 was previously detected with Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope observations at 323 MHz but appears more extended in our ASKAP image. Although there is a shock detected in the thermal X-ray emission of this cluster, we find that the particle number density in the shocked region is too low to allow for the generation of a radio shock. The radio halo in Abell S0592 is a new discovery, and the Southwest border of the halo coincides with a shock detected in X-rays. We discuss the origins of these halos considering both the hadronic and turbulent re-acceleration models and sources ofseedelectrons. This work gives a positive indication of the potential of ASKAP’s Evolutionary Map of the Universe survey in detecting intracluster medium radio sources.
Chronology of Laurentide glaciation in New Jersey and the New York City area, United States
Authors: Stanford Scott D. , Stone Byron D. , Ridge John C. , Witte Ron W. , Pardi Richard R. , Reimer Gerda E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDeposits of at least three glaciations are present in New Jersey and the New York City area. The oldest deposits are magnetically reversed. Pollen and stratigraphic relations suggest that they are from the earliest Laurentide advance at ~2.4 Ma. Deposits of a second advance are overlain by peat dated to 41 ka and so are pre-Marine Isotope Stage (pre-MIS) 2. Their relation to marine deposits indicates that they predate MIS 5 but postdate MIS 11 and may postdate MIS 7 or 9, suggesting an MIS 6 age. The most recent deposits are of MIS 2 (last glacial maximum [LGM]) age. Radiocarbon dates and varve counts tied to glacial-lake events indicate that LGM ice arrived at its terminus at 25 ka, stood at the terminus until ~24 ka, retreated at a rate of 80 m/yr until 23.5 ka, and then retreated at a rate of 12 m/yr to 18 ka. At 18 ka the retreat record connects to the base of the North American Varve Chronology at Newburgh, New York. The 25–24 ka age for the LGM is slightly younger than, but within the uncertainty of, cosmogenic ages; it is significantly older than the oldest dated macrofossils in postglacial deposits in the region.
Identification of psychological correlates of dietary misreporting under laboratory and free-living environments
Authors: Hopkins Mark , Michalowska Joanna , Whybrow Stephen , Horgan Graham W. , Stubbs R. James 
Published: October 2020

AbstractErrors inherent in self-reported measures of energy intake (EI) are substantial and well documented, but correlates of misreporting remain unclear. Therefore, potential predictors of misreporting were examined. In Study One, fifty-nine individuals (BMI = 26·1 (sd3·8) kg/m2, age = 42·7 (sd13·6) years, females = 29) completed a 14-d stay in a residential feeding behaviour suite where eating behaviour was continuously monitored. In Study Two, 182 individuals (BMI = 25·7 (sd3·9) kg/m2, age = 42·4 (sd12·2) years, females = 96) completed two consecutive days in a residential feeding suite and five consecutive days at home. Misreporting was directly quantified by comparing covertly measured laboratory weighed intakes (LWI) with self-reported EI (weighed dietary record (WDR), 24-h recall, 7-d diet history, FFQ). Personal (age, sex and %body fat) and psychological traits (personality, social desirability, body image, intelligence quotient and eating behaviour) were used as predictors of misreporting. In Study One, those with lower psychoticism (P= 0·009), openness to experience (P= 0·006) and higher agreeableness (P= 0·038) reduced EI on days participants knew EI was being measured to a greater extent than on covert days. Isolated associations existed between personality traits (psychoticism and openness to experience), eating behaviour (emotional eating) and differences between the LWI and self-reported EI, but these were inconsistent between dietary assessment techniques and typically became non-significant after accounting for multiplicity of comparisons. In Study Two, sex was associated with differences between LWI and the WDR (P= 0·009), 24-h recall (P= 0·002) and diet history (P= 0·050) in the laboratory, but not home environment. Personal and psychological correlates of misreporting identified displayed no clear pattern across studies or dietary assessment techniques and had little utility in predicting misreporting.
Screening dietary fibres for fermentation characteristics and metabolic profiles using a rapidin vitroapproach: implications for irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: So Daniel , Yao Chu K. , Gill Paul A. , Pillai Naresh , Gibson Peter R. , Muir Jane G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe therapeutic value of specific fibres is partly dependent on their fermentation characteristics. Some fibres are rapidly degraded with the generation of gases that induce symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), while more slowly or non-fermentable fibres may be more suitable. More work is needed to profile a comprehensive range of fibres to determine suitability for IBS. Using a rapidin vitrofermentation model, gas production and metabolite profiles of a range of established and novel fibres were compared. Fibre substrates (n15) were added to faecal slurries from three healthy donors for 4 h with gas production measured using real-time headspace sampling. Concentrations of SCFA and ammonia were analysed using GC and enzymatic assay, respectively. Gas production followed three patterns: rapid (≥60 ml/g over 4 h) for fructans, carrot fibre and maize-derived xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS); mild (30–60 ml/g) for partially hydrolysed guar gum, almond shell-derived XOS and one type of high-amylose resistant starch 2 (RS2) and minimal (no differences with blank controls) for methylcellulose, another high-amylose RS2, acetylated or butyrylated RS2, RS4, acacia gum and sugarcane bagasse. Gas production correlated positively with total SCFA (r0·80,P< 0·001) and negatively with ammonia concentrations (r–0·68,P< 0·001). Proportions of specific SCFA varied: fermentation of carrot fibre, XOS and acetylated RS2 favoured acetate, while fructans favoured butyrate. Gas production and metabolite profiles differed between fibre types and within fibre classes over a physiologically relevant 4-h time course. Several fibres resisted rapid fermentation and may be candidates for clinical trials in IBS patients.
Newman's identities, lucas sequences and congruences for certain partition functions
Authors: Xia Ernest X.W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLet r be an integer with 2 ≤ r ≤ 24 and let pr(n) be defined by $\sum _{n=0}^\infty p_r(n) q^n = \prod _{k=1}^\infty (1-q^k)^r$. In this paper, we provide uniform methods for discovering infinite families of congruences and strange congruences for pr(n) by using some identities on pr(n) due to Newman. As applications, we establish many infinite families of congruences and strange congruences for certain partition functions, such as Andrews's smallest parts function, the coefficients of Ramanujan's ϕ function and p-regular partition functions. For example, we prove that for n ≥ 0,
\[ \textrm{spt}\bigg( \frac{1991n(3n+1) }{2} +83\bigg) \equiv \textrm{spt}\bigg(\frac{1991n(3n+5)}{2} +2074\bigg) \equiv 0\ (\textrm{mod} \ 11), \]
and for k ≥ 0,
\[ \textrm{spt}\bigg( \frac{143\times 5^{6k} +1 }{24}\bigg)\equiv 2^{k+2} \ (\textrm{mod}\ 11), \]
where spt(n) denotes Andrews's smallest parts function.
Why we need more research into the placebo response in psychiatry
Authors: Huneke Nathan T.M. , van der Wee Nic , Garner Matthew , Baldwin David S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPlacebos are not inert, but exert measurable biological effects. The placebo response in psychiatric illness is important and clinically relevant, but remains poorly understood. In this paper, we review current knowledge about the placebo response in psychiatric medicine and identify research directions for the future. We argue that more research is needed into the placebo response in psychiatric medicine for three broad reasons. First, awareness of factors that cause placebo response, for whom, and when, within clinical trials will allow us to better evidence efficacy of new treatments. Second, by understanding how placebo mechanisms operate in the clinic, we can take advantage of these to optimise the effects of current treatments. Finally, exploring the biological mechanisms of placebo effects might reveal tractable targets for novel treatment development.
Non-DC notional accounts: relaxing the trade-off between fairness and solvency of pay-as-you-go pension systems
Authors: Nisticò Sergio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractExisting pay-as-you-go (PAYG) schemes based on notional accounts (NAs) have chosen the defined-contribution (DC) setting that forces the rate of interest credited to all individual accounts to change over time to ensure solvency. On the other hand, volatility of the rate of interest is the source of non-negligible disparities of individual internal rates of return (IRRs) both within and across generations. It is argued that these disparities represent a threat to the political appeal of PAYG DC systems, in particular in the present situation characterized by low growth rates of the contribution base. The paper uses a four-overlapping-generations model to prove that the DC setting is not a necessary ingredient of NAs and that their political appeal could be enhanced by extending their use to non-DC pension systems. In fact, redistributions can be avoided by crediting all individual accounts with a constant rate of interest while ensuring financial solvency by fine-tuning of the contribution rate to make the system's revenues grow at the same (constant) rate credited to all accounts. The proof requires constancy of the employment growth rate but not of average earnings. Changes in the employment growth rate produce small oscillations around perfect balance between contribution revenue and pension expenditure manageable with a small buffer fund.
How the COVID-19 pandemic could reduce near-retirees' Social Security benefits
Authors: Biggs Andrew G. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA quirk in the Social Security benefit formula interacting with the sharp economic downturn due to the COVID-19 pandemic could cause certain groups of near-retirees to suffer significant and permanent reductions to their Social Security retirement benefits. A sudden decline in the Social Security Administration (SSA)'s measure of economywide average wages in the year a worker turns 60 causes the Social Security benefit formula to devalue all the worker's earnings prior to age 60, resulting in a lower measure of career-average earnings and a lower benefit in retirement. A middle-income worker aged 60 in 2020 could receive an annual Social Security benefit reduction of around 9%, with losses through retirement approaching $46,000. Individuals becoming eligible for Social Security Disability Insurance benefits would be subject to similar reductions in percentage terms. Several methods are discussed to reduce or eliminate the likelihood of similar benefit ‘notches’ occurring in the future.
‘They Fell Like Meteorites’: Avatars of the Andean Sound and Their Reception by Italian Music Groups (1973–1996)
Authors: GAVAGNIN STEFANO 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDespite the attention given to the transnational circulation of Andean music, its reception and adoption by European musicians have been rarely researched. This article focuses on the specific case of Italy, where the Andean music boom blended with that of the New Chilean Song in exile (1973–89) and where, in addition, repertoires and practices of both musics were adopted by dozens of local groups formed by young Italians. Those Italian groups – with their performative strategies and their choices of repertoires – provide a privileged lookout about how different representations of theandeaneity(theNueva Canción Chilenawith its ethical and political connotations, themusique des Andesof the French matrix, theautóctonasindigenist currents) interacted in creating an Italian imagery of the Andes. They also suggest how the adoption of ‘someone else's music’ can act, with its transcultural complexity, in the elaboration of personal narratives of identity.
Transatlantic Techno Myths: The 1994 Arica Eclipse Rave as an Example of the History and Historiography of Electronic Dance Music between Chile and Germany
Authors: PASDZIERNY MATTHIAS 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article focuses on one of the earliest truly international Electronic Dance Music (EDM) festivals: the Eclipse Rave in Arica, in the Chilean Atacama Desert in November 1994. As a collaboration of mainly German and Chilean individuals, the event was confronted with a multitude of organizational obstacles and problems of intercultural understanding. Nevertheless, the event has now achieved a kind of cult status and is mythologized as the breakthrough moment of EDM culture in South America. Drawing on German and Chilean sources, the article sheds light on the background and impact of the festival and discusses the important role of Chilean-German exiles as interpreters and cultural mediators within EDM scenes. This contribution questions the types of sources that festivals and similar events generate, and consequently asks how an international history of the event-based and present- and history-obsessed EDM culture could be written at all.
A randomised test of the effect of medical v. lay idiom on assessment of perceived mental health condition in the USA
Authors: Breslau J. , McBain R. , Wong E. C. , Roth E. , Burnam M. A. , Cefalu M. S. , Collins R. L. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Aims
To test the impact of using different idioms in epidemiological interviews on the prevalence and correlates of poor mental health and mental health service use.

Methods
We conducted a randomised methodological experiment in a nationally representative sample of the US adult population, comparing a lay idiom, which asked about ‘problems with your emotions or nerves’ with a more medical idiom, which asked about ‘problems with your mental health’. Differences across study arms in the associations of endorsement of problems with the Kessler-6 (a validated assessment of psychological distress), demographic characteristics, self-rated health and mental health service use were examined.

Results
Respondents were about half as likely to endorse a problem when asked with the more medical idiom (18.1%) than when asked with the lay idiom (35.1%). The medical idiom had a significantly larger area under the ROC curve when compared against a validated measure of psychological distress than the lay idiom (0.91 v. 0.87, p = 0.012). The proportion of the population who endorsed a problem but did not receive treatment in the past year was less than half as large for the medical idiom (7.90%) than for the lay idiom (20.94%). Endorsement of problems differed in its associations with age, sex, race/ethnicity and self-rated health depending on the question idiom. For instance, the odds of endorsing problems were threefold higher in the youngest than the oldest age group when the medical idiom was used (OR = 3.07; 95% CI 1.47–6.41) but did not differ across age groups when the lay idiom was used (OR = 0.76; 95% CI 0.43–1.36).

Conclusion
Choice of idiom in epidemiological questionnaires can affect the apparent correlates of poor mental health and service use. Cultural change within populations over time may require changes in instrument wording to maintain consistency in epidemiological measurement of psychiatric conditions.
Asymmetrical Response of the East Asian Summer Monsoon to the Quadrennial Oscillation of Global Sea Surface Temperature Associated With the Tibetan Plateau Thermal Feedback
Authors: Liu Senfeng , Duan Anmin , Wu Guoxiong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe leading mode of the global sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) on the interannual time scale is a quasi‐quadrennial oscillation mode, corresponding to the El Niño–Southern Oscillation cycle. Using observational data diagnosis and numerical simulations, we show that the global SSTA during the quadrennial cycle has significant impacts on the anomaly of diabatic heating over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) in summer. Idealized atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) experiments forced by the global SSTA with and without the thermal forcing of the TP diabatic heating anomaly reveal the relative contributions of the SSTA direct effect and the TP feedback to the anomalous response of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM). During the quadrennial oscillation, in the developing year summer, the diabatic heating weakens over the whole TP, inducing suppressed EASM precipitation accompanied by an anomalous cyclone over the northwestern Pacific and an anticyclone in North China. In the decaying year summer, the TP heating, characterized by an anomalous negative‐positive pattern, induces an anomalous anticyclone in South China and an anomalous cyclone in North China. However, without the anomalous TP thermal forcing, in both developing and decaying years the EASM shows similar response patterns with an anomalous anticyclone over the northwestern Pacific, an anomalous cyclone in North China, and an enhanced main rainfall band. Therefore, the TP thermal feedback plays a key role in the asymmetric responses of the EASM to the global SSTA during the different stages, characterized by suppressed precipitation in developing years and an enhanced main rainfall band in decaying years.
Quaternary Rock Uplift Rates and Their Implications for the Western Flank of the North Anatolian Fault Restraining Bend; Inferences From Fluvial Terrace Ages
Authors: McClain Kevin P. , Yıldırım Cengiz , Çiner Attila , Şahin Sefa , Sarıkaya M. Akif , Özcan Orkan , Kiyak Nafiye Gunec , Ozturk Tugba 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the western flank of the North Anatolian Fault restraining bend (i.e., Central Pontides), the Filyos River incises through the uplifting Karabük Range, creating the ~1.7‐km‐deep Filyos River Gorge on the hanging wall of the reverse Karabük Fault. Seven fluvial strath terrace levels are preserved in this gorge. optically stimulated luminescence ages from quartz‐rich sediments of five terrace levels reveal an average long‐term rock uplift rate of 0.45 ± 0.02 mm yr−1with an unsteady pattern of uplift during the last 542 ± 24 kyr. Uplift rates of 1.52 ± 0.6 and 0.74 ± 0.3 mm yr−1occurred before 366 ± 19 kyr, followed by lower rates of ~0.1 and 0.31 mm yr−1through present. These later uplift rates may reflect relatively slower tectonic rates since ~366 kyr, with closer similarity to regional uplift rates of ~0.3 mm yr−1yielded from the eastern flank of the Central Pontides. The Karabük Range fluvial terraces are near the North Anatolian Fault, meaning pre‐ ~366 kyr uplift rates may be a glimpse of the highest Central Pontides Quaternary rock uplift rates on uplifting hanging wall blocks activated by the restraining bend. When we consider offshore seismic reflection data, the focal mechanism solution of the Bartın Earthquake, onshore structural data, and regional tectonic geomorphology, the western flank of the Central Anatolian Plateau's northern margin is propagating northward as a growing orogenic wedge with a positive flower‐structure geometry.