bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Radon From Hot Springs on Lymphocyte Subsets in Peripheral Blood
Authors: Piao Chunnan , Tian Mei , Gao Hongjun , Gao Yanxiao , Ruan Jianlei , Wu Lina , Gao Gang , Yi Lirong , Liu Jianxiang 
Published: February 2020

Objective: To analyze changes in immune functions by detecting lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of residents in the vicinity of radon from hot springs. Methods: Two groups were randomly selected; 61 residents in the vicinity of the hot springs were assigned to the radon group, and 51 residents with a similar lifestyle and habits but no contact with hot springs were assigned to the control group. The percentages of lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+CD8−, CD4−CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, and TCR/CD3) in the 2 groups were evaluated on a FACS Aria flow cytometer. The absolute values of lymphocytes (LYMPH#) and percentages of lymphocytes (LYMPH%) were measured by an automatic blood analyzer. Results: In the radon group, the numbers of CD3+ ( Z = −0.140, P > .05) and CD4+CD8− ( Z = −0.964, P > .05) T cells were higher, as compared with the controls, but this difference was not significant. In addition, the number of CD4−CD8+ ( t = −2.141, P < .05) T cells was significantly lower in the radon group. Furthermore, the average ratios of CD4+/CD8+ ( t = −2.201, P < .05) and TCR/CD3 ( t = 2.047, P < .05) cells were significantly higher in the radon group than in the controls. Compared with the control group, the LYMPH# ( t = −0.485, P > .05) and LYMPH% (Z = −0.835, P > .05) showed no significant change. Conclusion: Radon-rich hot springs could alter the proportions of lymphocyte subsets and possibly affect immunologic functions.
Methods and clinical outcomes of in situ fenestration for aortic arch revascularization during thoracic endovascular aortic repair
Authors: Li HL , Chan YC , Jia HY , Cheng SW 
Published: February 2020

Objective Despite endovascular advances in fenestrated and branched devices, thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for arch pathologies remains challenging. The aim of this study was to provide a contemporary review on the current evidence for in situ fenestration during TEVAR and to evaluate its short- and mid-term clinical outcome in the management of arch pathology. Methods A systematic literature review on in situ fenestration of thoracic aortic stent-graft from January 2003 to September 2018 was performed under the instruction of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement. Results Our initial search yielded 169 studies, of which 21 articles were relevant to the topic and were finally included. One hundred and forty-five in situ fenestration procedures in 99 patients were reviewed, involving 25 innominate arteries (17%), 33 left common carotid arteries (23%) and 87 left subclavian arteries (60%). Twelve patients (12/99, 12%) had two-vessel fenestration and three-vessel fenestration was performed in 17 patients (17/99, 17%). Technical success was achieved in 136 arteries (136/145, 93%). Talent/Valiant with monofilament twill woven polyester fabric was the most common (50/99, 51%) stent-graft used for fenestration. Three methods reported for in situ fenestration were needle, laser and radiofrequency. Needle was the most frequently used device for fenestration, which was performed in 60 patients (60/99, 61%). Three patients (3/99, 3%) died with 30 days, none were in situ fenestration TEVAR procedure-related. Perioperative complications including one (1%) retrograde type A aortic dissection, two (2%) type II endoleaks, and three (3%) strokes were reported. The pooled estimate for overall technical success, perioperative mortality and stroke was 88.3% (95% CI, 78.6%–93.9%), 5.9% (95% CI, 2.5%–13.4%) and 9.5% (95% CI, 4.1%–20.6%), respectively. Four patients (4/96, 4%) died during follow-up, none were aortic-related. All the fenestration bridging stents were reportedly patent, with only 1 (1/96, 1%) asymptomatic left subclavian stent stenosis. Two patients (2/96, 2%) with type II endoleak from left subclavian artery required secondary intervention. Conclusion In situ fenestration appeared to be a feasible and effective method to extend proximal landing zone during TEVAR. It had an acceptable short-term result with high technical success and low fenestration related morbidity. Long-term durability data were lacking, and there was no high level evidence to recommend the routine use of in situ fenestration TEVAR for the management of arch pathology.
Islamic concepts in ethics of pediatric clinical research
Authors: AlFattani Areej AG , AlAlem Hala 
Published: February 2020

Background: Medical research on children has increased in the last 20 years. International ethical regulations for conducting clinical research on children may not pertain to Muslim communities where religious beliefs play a big role in decision-making process. Methods: The aim of this paper was to illustrate the origins of bioethics principles in Islam, to appraise the existing regulations of Islamic countries, and to systematically review areas of improvements. Conclusion: This review recommends a customized approach for regulators to set culturally adapted ethical guidelines that highlight Islamic traditions in dealing with children of different ages.
A novel CCM3 mutation associated with cerebral cavernous malformation in a Chinese family
Authors: Jiang Xiao-yu , Zhang Ying , Yin Xiang , Nan Di , Wang Xu , Feng Jia-chun , Miao Jing 
Published: February 2020

Background: Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM), especially the familial form, is a relatively rare congenital and occult vascular disease of the central nervous system. The familial form of CCM has been linked to three different genes: KRIT1/ CCM1, MGC4607/ CCM2, and PDCD10/ CCM3; however, the genetic basis of CCM is not well understood. The PDCD10/ CCM3 is the most recent gene to be identified that results in worse clinical symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment is important for patient prognosis. Case report: The proband is a 38-year-old male who has been suffering from weakness in the limbs for 7 months. Investigation of his family history revealed that his mother also suffered from limbs paralysis and had been bedridden for a long time. His older brother suffered from headache for years, whereas his younger brother was asymptomatic. Brain computed tomography analysis of all family members showed multiple high-density shadows. Subsequently, magnetic resonance imaging analysis identified more prominent and similar multiple intracranial lesions in all family members. The lesions were hypo-intense, or showed mixed signs on T1-weighted imaging, and were significantly more intense on T2-weighted imaging. To understand the genetic basis of the disease in the family, DNA sequencing analysis was performed. A novel deletion mutation in the PDCD10/ CCM3 gene was identified in the proband and his relatives. The deletion resulted in a frameshift mutation and premature termination of translation of the protein, and potentially caused the disease in this family. Conclusions: Our study identified a novel PDCD10/ CCM3 heterozygous deletion (c.165delT) associated with CCM. This finding expands the CCM gene mutation profile, which will be beneficial for genetic counseling and clinical therapy.
Positive Distractions and Play in the Public Spaces of Pediatric Healthcare Environments: A Literature Review
Authors: Jiang Shan 
Published: February 2020

Background: A positive distraction is a significant environmental feature that introduces positive feelings by diverting attention from stress or anxious thoughts. Existing research has deemed the application of positive distractions in pediatric environments to be significant. This study investigated the essential positive distractions and the associated health benefits. Aims: The aims of this study were to validate and extend evidence on positive distractions and play opportunities in the design of the public spaces in pediatric healthcare environments, translate existing evidence into design suggestions, and identify research gaps in this realm. Methods: A four-phased literature review method was employed in the study, including literature search, literature screening and selection, literature appraisal, and thematic analysis and in-depth discussion. Eventually, 27 peer-reviewed publications were reviewed and discussed in detail. Results/Conclusions: The gathered materials were grouped into six themes of positive distractions: (1) art and environmental aesthetics, (2) spatial arrangement and atrium, (3) considerations of socialization patterns, (4) play and interactive technologies, (5) sound and lighting interventions, and (6) access to nature. The research indicated that positive distractions in the pediatric healthcare environment provide a series of health benefits for patients, including improved behavioral and emotional well-being, reduced stress and anxiety, enhanced healthcare experience and satisfaction, and facilitated medical procedures and recovery. Yet significant research gaps emerged between positive distractions and play in garden spaces and spatial design to accommodate interactive technology and socialization in the public areas of pediatric healthcare environments. This study organized the understanding on the components of supportive environments and its outcomes for pediatric healthcare design.
A model to guide patient selection when managing ureteric stones with shockwave lithotripsy
Authors: Hemmant Joshua , Young Graham , Pournaras Christos , Foster Emma , Chow Karyee 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: The aim of this study was to create a model based upon significant prognostic factors to guide patient selection for shockwave lithotripsy. Patients and methods: We identified 150 patients attending for shockwave lithotripsy for ureteric stones between October 2010–February 2016. Data was collected retrospectively from electronic case notes and radiological images. All patients were treated with an on-site Storz Modulith SLX-F2 lithotripter. A model was created using computer software ‘R’. Results: One hundred and thirty-three patients were treated and 66% of those were deemed radiologically stone-free with shockwave lithotripsy. Four factors were found to be independently statistically significant with regards to stone-free status; age ( p=0.003), Hounsfield units ( p=0.002), prior nephrostomy insertion ( p=0.022) or prior stent insertion ( p=0.002). Our resulting model is:[Formula: see text] Discussion and conclusions: Our shockwave lithotripsy success would likely increase with improved patient selection. Age appears to be a novel significant factor in stone passage. This is an interesting observation worthy of further study given ageing populations in the developed world. The model will require further validation in order to confirm our findings, however the results have proven very encouraging. Level of evidence: 2c
MyHealthyGut: Findings from a pilot randomized controlled trial on adherence to a gluten-free diet and quality of life among adults with celiac disease or gluten intolerance
Authors: Dowd A Justine , Warbeck Cassandra B , Tang Karen TY , Fung Tak , Culos-Reed S Nicole 
Published: February 2020

Aims The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a smartphone app (MyHealthyGut) in helping adults self-manage celiac disease or gluten intolerance and improve their gut health. Methods Adults diagnosed with celiac disease or gluten intolerance ( N = 115) were randomized into two groups: experimental group 1 (had access to the app for a one-month period) or wait list control (WLC). After one month, WLC participants were given one-month access to the app (experimental group 2). An online questionnaire was administered to assess (a) user satisfaction with the app and (b) changes in the following patient-reported outcomes: adherence to a gluten-free diet, quality of life (QoL), self-regulatory efficacy, and feelings of depression and anxiety. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess changes in the outcome variables over time between the groups. Results Participants reported high levels of app usability, were satisfied with features of the app, and felt that the app was best suited for people newly diagnosed with celiac disease. Participants in the experimental groups reported improvements in adherence, gastrointestinal symptoms (experimental group 1 only), QoL, self-regulatory efficacy (experimental group 2 only), anxiety (experimental group 1 only), and depression (experimental group 2 only). Experimental group 1 and the WLC group reported significantly worse adherence after using the app based on the Celiac Dietary Adherence Test, which was in contrast to the accidental and purposeful measures of gluten consumption and symptoms for experimental group 1 but consistent with reports of accidental and purposeful gluten consumption and symptoms for the WLC group. Conclusions Based on feedback from the participants, the app may be best suited for individuals newly diagnosed or struggling with celiac disease or gluten intolerance. After using the MyHealthyGut app for a one-month period, adults with celiac disease reported improvements in psychosocial outcomes. Further iterations of the app are needed to meet the needs of this population better. MyHealthyGut is the first evidence-based app designed to help people with celiac disease or gluten intolerance.
Extra-articular Portion of the Sacroiliac Joint—Between the Sacral and Pelvic Tuberosities: An Anatomical Guide for the S2-Alar-Iliac Screw Trajectory
Authors: Tatara Yasunori , Niimura Takanori , Sekiya Tatsuhiro , Mihara Hisanori 
Published: February 2020

Study Design: A novel technique for S2-alar-iliac (S2AI) screw placement was analyzed. Objectives: Accurate confirmation of the S2AI screw trajectory with free-hand techniques is not simple, although some anatomical landmarks have been reported. To overcome the drawback, we aimed to introduce our technique for S2AI screw placement assisted with a guidewire using a new anatomical landmark. Methods: A total of 104 S2AI screws of 52 patients who underwent S2AI screw placement were investigated. Navigation software was used to simulate S2AI screw placement preoperatively. Screw placement was performed with the nonfluoroscopic free-hand technique. In this technique, a guidewire is inserted into the ilium from the extra-articular portion of the sacroiliac joint just lateral to the ideal screw entry point toward the tip of the greater trochanter and guides the screw trajectory. If the direction of the guidewire is satisfactory, all procedures of screw insertion are performed accordingly. The screw accuracy was assessed with computed tomography. Results: The modal size of the screw was 9.5 mm × 90 mm. The average horizontal angle was 42.0° (SD = 5.1°) on the right and 40.7° (SD = 4.7°) on the left. Of the 104 screws, 4 screws (3.9%) breached dorsally. No screw-related complication was observed. Conclusions: Because the guidewire can be inserted at an angle according to the individual morphology of the sacroiliac joint, it will be a reliable guide for the screw trajectory. This technique with a guidewire would help improve the accuracy of S2AI screw placement.
Particle Swarm Optimization-Support Vector Machine Model for Machinery Fault Diagnoses in High-Voltage Circuit Breakers
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Wu Shijing , Li Xiaoyong , Yuan Hao , Zhao Deng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAccording to statistic data, machinery faults contribute to largest proportion of High-voltage circuit breaker failures, and traditional maintenance methods exist some disadvantages for that issue. Therefore, based on the wavelet packet decomposition approach and support vector machines, a new diagnosis model is proposed for such fault diagnoses in this study. The vibration eigenvalue extraction is analyzed through wavelet packet decomposition, and a four-layer support vector machine is constituted as a fault classifier. The Gaussian radial basis function is employed as the kernel function for the classifier. The penalty parameter c and kernel parameter δ of the support vector machine are vital for the diagnostic accuracy, and these parameters must be carefully predetermined. Thus, a particle swarm optimization-support vector machine model is developed in which the optimal parameters c and δ for the support vector machine in each layer are determined by the particle swarm algorithm. The validity of this fault diagnosis model is determined with a real dataset from the operation experiment. Moreover, comparative investigations of fault diagnosis experiments with a normal support vector machine and a particle swarm optimization back-propagation neural network are also implemented. The results indicate that the proposed fault diagnosis model yields better accuracy and efficiency than these other models.
Simple Push-Type Wave Generating Method Using Digital Rotary Valve Control
Authors: Liu Yi , Zheng Jiafei , Song Ruiyin , Xu Qiaoning , Chen Junhua , Huang Fangping 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe important parameters to describe waves are their amplitude and length. In order to make it easier to improve wave amplitude and facilitate wave experiment, a simple push-type wave generating method using digital rotary valve control was proposed and different wave amplitudes were generated by the new method. After the mathematical model of the new method had been established, numerical analysis based on the linear wave theory was carried out by means of Matlab/Simulink software tools, and experiments were conducted on the push-type wave maker to ascertain the validity of the established model and the numerical simulation results. It shows that both experimental and theoretical results agree relatively well, and the plate motion frequency and amplitude of the push-type wave maker can be continuously adjusted and the various required regular waves can be obtained. Although the wave amplitude and length descends with the increasing of working frequency, the wave amplitude can be improved conveniently by setting the axial opening width of the valve and the oil supply pressure of system. The wave length remains unchanged with the axial opening width and the oil supply pressure change. The research indicates that different regular waves can be easily generated by the new method and the wave amplitude can be further improved in a certain plate motion frequency range.
CuFe2O4/MoS2 Mixed-Dimensional Heterostructures with Improved Gas Sensing Response
Authors: Zhang Kenan , Ding Changchun , She Yihong , Wu Zhen , Zhao Changhui , Pan Baojun , Zhang Lijie , Zhou Wei , Fan Qunchao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMixed-dimensional (2D + nD, n = 0, 1, and 3) heterostructures opened up a new avenue for fundamental physics studies and applied nanodevice designs. Herein, a novel type-II staggered band alignment CuFe2O4/MoS2 mixed-dimensional heterostructures (MHs) that present a distinct enhanced (20–28%) acetone gas sensing response compared with pure CuFe2O4 nanotubes are reported. Based on the structural characterizations and DFT calculation results, the tentative mechanism for the improvement of gas sensing performance of the CuFe2O4/MoS2 MHs can be attributed to the synergic effect of type-II band alignment and the MoS2 active sites.
How to start your monocot CRISPR/Cas project: plasmid design, efficiency detection, and offspring analysis
Authors: Yue Jin-Jun , Hong Chwan-Yang , Wei Pengcheng , Tsai Yu-Chang , Lin Choun-Sea 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe breakthrough CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)/Cas9-mediated genome-editing technology has led to great progress in monocot research; however, several factors need to be considered for the efficient implementation of this technology. To generate genome-edited crops, single guide (sg)RNA and Cas9 DNA are delivered into plant cells and expressed, and the predicted position is targeted. Analyses of successful targeted mutations have revealed that the expression levels, expression timing, and variants of both sgRNA and Cas9 need to be sophisticatedly regulated; therefore, the promoters of these genes and the target site positions are the key factors for genome-editing efficiency. Currently, various vectors and online tools are available to aid sgRNA design. Furthermore, to reduce the sequence limitation of the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) and for other purposes, many Cas protein variants and base editors can be used in plants. Before the stable transformation of a plant, the evaluation of vectors and target sites is therefore very important. Moreover, the delivery of Cas9-sgRNA ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) is one strategy that can be used to prevent transgene issues with the expression of sgRNA and Cas proteins. RNPs can be used to efficiently generate transgene-free genome-edited crops that can reduce transgene issues related to the generation of genetically modified organisms. In this review, we introduce new techniques for genome editing and identifying marker-free genome-edited mutants in monocot crops. Four topics are covered: the design and construction of plasmids for genome editing in monocots; alternatives to SpCas9; protoplasts and CRISPR; and screening for marker-free CRISPR/Cas9-induced mutants. We have aimed to encompass a full spectrum of information for genome editing in monocot crops.
Intron-Based Single Transcript Unit CRISPR Systems for Plant Genome Editing
Authors: Zhong Zhaohui , Liu Shishi , Liu Xiaopei , Liu Binglin , Tang Xu , Ren Qiurong , Zhou Jianping , Zheng Xuelian , Qi Yiping , Zhang Yong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Expression of either Cas9 or Cas12a and guide RNAs by a single Polymerase II (Pol II) promoter represents a compact CRISPR expression system and has many advantages for different applications. In order to make this system routine in plant biology, engineering efforts are needed for developing and optimizing such single transcript unit (STU) systems for plant genome editing.

Results
To develop novel intron-based STU (iSTU) CRISPR system (STU CRISPR 3.0), we first evaluated three introns from three plant species for carrying guide RNAs by using an enhanced green fluorescence protein (eGFP) system in rice. After validation of proper intron slicing, we inserted these gRNA-containing introns into the open reading frames (ORFs) of Cas9 and Cas12a for testing their genome editing capability. Different guide RNA processing strategies have been tested for Cas9 and Cas12a. We demonstrated singular genome editing and multiplexed genome editing with these iSTU-Cas9 and iSTU-Cas12a systems.

Conclusion
We developed multiple iSTU-CRISPR/Cas9 and Cas12a systems for plant genome editing. Our results shed light on potential directions for further improvement of the iSTU systems.
Automated measurement of leakage on wide-field angiography in the assessment of retinal vasculitis
Authors: Venkat Arthi G. , Sharma Sumit 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAutomated analysis of leakage on fluorescein angiography is a measurable and clinically applicable endpoint that can be used to follow patients with posterior uveitis. A number of studies have analyzed the use of automated analysis of leakage on fluorescein angiography and are reviewed in this article.