bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bisphosphonate Therapy and Tooth Development in Children and Adolescents with Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Malmgren Barbro , Tsilingaridis Georgios , Monsef-Johansson Nina , Qahtani Zaina Haif Al , Dahllöf Göran , Åström Eva 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heterogeneous connective tissue disorder characterized by repeated fractures and skeletal disorders. At present, bisphosphonate (BP) therapy is the gold standard for OI treatment. The present retrospective study evaluated the effect of BP therapy on tooth development and eruption of permanent teeth in a cohort of children receiving pamidronate. Three groups were studied: patients with OI who were treated with BPs (n = 45), patients with OI who were not treated with BPs (n = 117), and age- and gender-matched healthy controls (n = 121). Dental age, dental maturity, and tooth eruption were assessed on panoramic radiographs using the methods of Demirjian et al. (Hum Biol 45(2):211–227, 1973) and Haavikko (Suom Hammaslaak Toim 66(3):103–170, 1970) and were evaluated using the t-test, Chi-square test, and the Mann–Whitney U test. Dental age in the study group was significantly (p < 0.05) lower than chronological age compared with both control groups. Dental maturity and the eruption of permanent teeth were also significantly (p < 0.05) delayed in the study group in relation to the two control groups. The dental age was significantly lower (p < 0.001) in patients with OI type III treated with BPs compared with healthy controls and the dental maturation was significantly delayed in patients with OI type IV treated with BPs compared with those not treated. In conclusion, BP therapy in OI patients seems to lower the dental age, delay the dental maturity, and tooth eruption. BP administration before 2 years of age might be a contributing factor.
Systemic but not MDSC-specific IRF4 deficiency promotes an immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment in a murine pancreatic cancer model
Authors: Metzger Philipp , Kirchleitner Sabrina V. , Boehmer Daniel F. R. , Hörth Christine , Eisele Angelika , Ormanns Steffen , Gunzer Matthias , Lech Maciej , Lauber Kirsten , Endres Stefan , Duewell Peter , Schnurr Max , König Lars M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is characterized by a strong immunosuppressive network with a dense infiltration of myeloid cells including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). Two distinct populations of MDSC have been defined: polymorphonuclear MDSC (PMN-MDSC) and monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC). Several factors influence the development and function of MDSC including the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4). Here, we show that IRF4 deficiency accelerates tumor growth and reduces survival, accompanied with a dense tumor infiltration with PMN-MDSC and reduced numbers of CD8+ T cells. As IRF4 has been described to modulate myeloid cell development and function, particularly of PMN-MDSC, we analyzed its role using MDSC-specific IRF4 knockout mice with the Ly6G or LysM knock-in allele expressing Cre recombinase and Irf4flox. In GM-CSF-driven bone marrow cultures, IRF4 deficiency increased the frequency of MDSC-like cells with a strong T cell suppressive capacity. Myeloid (LysM)-specific depletion of IRF4 led to increased tumor weight and a moderate splenic M-MDSC expansion in tumor-bearing mice. PMN cell (Ly6G)-specific depletion of IRF4, however, did not influence tumor progression or MDSC accumulation in vivo in accordance with our finding that IRF4 is not expressed in PMN-MDSC. This study demonstrates a critical role of IRF4 in the generation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in pancreatic cancer, which is independent of IRF4 expression in PMN-MDSC.
Disease activity and patient-reported outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren’s syndrome enrolled in a large observational US registry
Authors: Harrold Leslie R. , Shan Ying , Rebello Sabrina , Kramer Neil , Connolly Sean E. , Alemao Evo , Kelly Sheila , Kremer Joel M. , Rosenstein Elliot D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in a national sample of patients with RA with/without Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). Adults with RA from a large observational US registry (Corrona RA) with known SS status between 22 April 2010 and 31 July 2018 and a visit 12 (± 3) months after index date were identified (n = 36,256/52,757). SS status: determined from a yes/no variable reported at enrolment into the Corrona RA registry and follow-up visits. Index date: date that SS status was recorded (yes/no). Patients received biologic or targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs as part of standard care. Patients with RA only were followed for ≥ 12 months to confirm the absence of SS. Patients were frequency- and propensity-score matched (PSM) 1:1 and stratified by disease duration and treatment response-associated variables, respectively. Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and PROs 12 months after index visit were compared in patients with and without SS. Baseline characteristics in 283 pairs of PSM patients were balanced. Mean change in CDAI score was numerically lower in patients with RA and SS than patients with RA only (8.8 vs 9.3). Reductions in PROs of pain, fatigue and stiffness were two- to threefold lower for patients with RA and SS versus RA only. Reductions in RA disease activity and RA-related PROs were lower in patients with RA and SS versus those with RA only. Our data indicate that SS adds to treatment challenges; physicians may wish to consider SS status when managing patients with RA.
Autoimmune syndrome induced by adjuvants after breast enhancement with polyacrylamide hydrogel: a study in Poland
Authors: Woźniak-Roszkowska Ewa , Maślińska Maria , Gierej Piotr , Noszczyk Bartłomiej 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAutoimmune syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA) is the spectrum of diseases in which the substances considered inert to the body induce autoimmune reactions and inflammation. Some of the biomaterials recently used in plastic surgery, such as silicone or polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) seem to trigger clinical features of ASIA. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of these features within a group of women after breast augmentation with PAAG. As many as 30 consecutive patients (26–59 years, mean age 39.5) referred to the Clinic of Plastic Surgery after breast enhancement with PAAG were examined. The validated criteria of ASIA syndrome were employed. Descriptive statistics were chosen based on the distribution of variables. The research was approved by the Bioethical Committee of the Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education in Warsaw, Poland. Within the studied group, 50% of patients (n = 15) fulfilled ASIA diagnostic criteria. Apart from local complications, we encountered various general symptoms, among which fever (n = 13, 43.3%), tingling and numbness of upper extremities (n = 10, 33.3%) and chronic fatigue (n = 9, 30%) were the most common. These symptoms were present on an ambulatory visit, before qualification to the operation of hydrogel removal. All patients undergoing surgical PAAG removal (n = 8) declared alleviation or complete resolution of the symptoms. Polyacrylamide hydrogel breast filling, although limiting the invasiveness of the procedure in relation to silicone breast implants, also carries the risk of developing ASIA symptoms. The removal of PAAG may bring improvement in some cases.
The global energy balance as represented in CMIP6 climate models
Authors: Wild Martin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA plausible simulation of the global energy balance is a first-order requirement for a credible climate model. Here I investigate the representation of the global energy balance in 40 state-of-the-art global climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6). In the CMIP6 multi-model mean, the magnitudes of the energy balance components are often in better agreement with recent reference estimates compared to earlier model generations on a global mean basis. However, the inter-model spread in the representation of many of the components remains substantial, often on the order of 10–20 Wm−2 globally, except for aspects of the shortwave clear-sky budgets, which are now more consistently simulated by the CMIP6 models. The substantial inter-model spread in the simulated global mean latent heat fluxes in the CMIP6 models, exceeding 20% (18 Wm−2), further implies also large discrepancies in their representation of the global water balance. From a historic perspective of model development over the past decades, the largest adjustments in the magnitudes of the simulated present-day global mean energy balance components occurred in the shortwave atmospheric clear-sky absorption and the surface downward longwave radiation. Both components were gradually adjusted upwards over several model generations, on the order of 10 Wm−2, to reach 73 and 344 Wm−2, respectively in the CMIP6 multi-model means. Thereby, CMIP6 has become the first model generation that largely remediates long-standing model deficiencies related to an overestimation in surface downward shortwave and compensational underestimation in downward longwave radiation in its multi-model mean.
Vesicoamniotic shunting for fetal megacystis in the first trimester with a Somatex® intrauterine shunt
Authors: Strizek B. , Gottschalk I. , Recker F. , Weber E. , Flöck A. , Gembruch U. , Geipel A. , Berg C. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The objective was to evaluate the feasibility of vesicoamniotic shunting (VAS) in the first trimester with the Somatex® intrauterine shunt and report on complications and neonatal outcome.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of all VAS before 14 weeks at two tertiary fetal medicine centres from 2015 to 2018 using a Somatex® intrauterine shunt. All patients with a first trimester diagnosis of megacystis in male fetuses with a longitudinal bladder diameter of at least 15 mm were offered VAS. All patients that opted for VAS after counselling by prenatal medicine specialists, neonatologists and pediatric nephrologists were included in the study. Charts were reviewed for complications, obstetric and neonatal outcomes.

Results
Ten VAS were performed during the study period in male fetuses at a median GA of 13.3 (12.6–13.9) weeks. There were two terminations of pregnancy (TOP) due to additional malformations and one IUFD. Overall there were four shunt dislocations (40%); three of those between 25–30 weeks GA.
Seven neonates were born alive at a median GA of 35.1 weeks (31.0–38.9). There was one neonatal death due to pulmonary hypoplasia. Neonatal kidney function was normal in the six neonates surviving the neonatal period. After exclusion of TOP, perinatal survival was 75%, and 85.7% if only live-born children were considered.

Conclusion
VAS in the first trimester is feasible with the Somatex® Intrauterine shunt with low fetal and maternal complication rates. Neonatal survival rates are high due to a reduction in pulmonary hypoplasia and the rate of renal failure at birth is very low. VAS can be safely offered from the late first trimester using the Somatex® intrauterine shunt.
Differentiation of retropharyngeal calcific tendinitis and retropharyngeal abscess: a case series and review of the literature
Authors: Langner Soenke , Ginzkey Christian , Mlynski Robert , Weiss Nora M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Retropharyngeal calcific tendinitis (RCT) is a self-limiting aseptic inflammation of the tendon of the longus colli muscle, which can be clinically and radiologically misdiagnosed as abscess formation. This is a particular challenge for ENT specialists. However, articles about RCT are highly underrepresented in ENT journals and existing articles in ENT journals almost exclusively report overtreatment.

Methods
This study presents five patients, in which the diagnosis of RCT was delayed and of which one patient underwent incision and draining of a suspected retropharyngeal abscess under general anesthesia. In addition, the literature on the reported cases of RCT, between 1990 and 2020 was reviewed. For each case, epidemiological characteristics, complaints on presentation, symptoms, imaging and laboratory finding and treatment were summarized and compared to our own findings.

Results
In all the five patients, the correct diagnosis was delayed. One patient underwent incision and draining of a suspected RA under general anesthesia. All patients received antibiotic treatment. The literature review revealed a total of 116 reported cases of RCT. A total of 99 CT scans and 72 MRI showed soft tissue swelling in 89.6% and calcifications in 91.4% of the cases, 6.9% received invasive treatment.

Conclusion
This article emphasizes the importance of knowledge about RCT and its management to avoid invasive and potentially harmful treatment. The focus in establishing the correct diagnosis of RCT is the identification and correct interpretation of clinical symptoms together with the specific radiological findings.
A retrospective European multicenter analysis of the functional outcomes after active middle ear implant surgery using the third generation vibroplasty couplers
Authors: Rahne Torsten , Skarzynski Piotr Henryk , Hagen Rudolf , Radeloff Andreas , Lassaletta Luis , Barbara Maurizio , Plontke Stefan K. , Mlynski Robert 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the safety and performance of three novel vibroplasty couplers that allow attachment of the floating mass transducer of a transcutaneous active middle ear implant (AMEI) to the round window (RW) membrane, the long process (LP), or the incus body and the short process (SP) of the incus.MethodsRetrospective multicenter cohort study of 25 AMEI users with sensorineural or mixed hearing loss that were among the first implanted with an AMEI vibrating ossicular prosthesis in combination with the third generation of vibroplasty couplers between 2014 and 2016. Main Outcome Measures were bone-conduction pure-tone and vibroplasty thresholds, postoperative aided sound field thresholds and postoperative aided word recognition score (WRS).ResultsBone conduction threshold changes of more than 10 dB in 4PTABCwere observed in two subjects. A mean improvement of 57.8% in speech recognition was observed with a mean WRS at 65 dB SPL improving from 14.8% (SD 21.9%) preoperatively to a mean aided score of 72.6% (SD 18.6%). Sound field thresholds improved from an average 4PTASFof 64.1 dB HL (SD 9.8 dB HL) to 37.0 dB HL (SD 8.9 dB HL), resulting in a mean functional gain of 27.1 dB. There was no significant difference in WRS or functional gain between the coupler types.ConclusionInitial experience shows that all three third generation vibroplasty couplers represent safe and efficient attachment options for the FMT allowing the surgeon to choose the coupling type based on the present pathology.
Massive parallel sequencing in forensics: advantages, issues, technicalities, and prospects
Authors: Ballard David , Winkler-Galicki Jakub , Wesoły Joanna 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn the last decade, next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, alternatively massive parallel sequencing (MPS), was applied to all fields of biological research. Its introduction to the field of forensics was slower, mainly due to lack of accredited sequencers, kits, and relatively higher sequencing error rates as compared with standardized Sanger sequencing. Currently, a majority of the problematic issues have been solved, which is proven by the body of reports in the literature. Here, we discuss the utility of NGS sequencing in forensics, emphasizing the advantages, issues, the technical aspects of the experiments, commercial solutions, and the potentially interesting applications of MPS.
Dynamics in treatment response and disease progression of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients with focus on BRAF status and primary tumor location: analysis of untreated RAS-wild-type mCRC patients receiving FOLFOXIRI either with or without panitumumab in the VOLFI trial (AIO KRK0109)
Authors: Kurreck A. , Geissler M. , Martens U. M. , Riera-Knorrenschild J. , Greeve J. , Florschütz A. , Wessendorf S. , Ettrich T. , Kanzler S. , Nörenberg D. , Seidensticker M. , Held S. , Buechner-Steudel P. , Atzpodien J. , Heinemann V. , Stintzing S. , Seufferlein T. , Tannapfel A. , Reinacher-Schick A. C. , Modest D. P. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose
In mCRC, disease dynamics may play a critical role in the understanding of long-term outcome. We evaluated depth of response (DpR), time to DpR, and post-DpR survival as relevant endpoints.

Methods
We analyzed DpR by central review of computer tomography images (change from baseline to smallest tumor diameter), early tumor shrinkage (≥ 20% reduction in tumor diameter at first reassessment), time to DpR (study randomization to DpR-image), post-DpR progression-free survival (pPFS = DpR-image to tumor progression or death), and post-DpR overall survival (pOS = DpR-image to death) with special focus on BRAF status in 66 patients and primary tumor site in 86 patients treated within the VOLFI-trial, respectively.

Results
BRAF wild-type (BRAF-WT) compared to BRAF mutant (BRAF-MT) patients had greater DpR (− 57.6% vs. − 40.8%, p = 0.013) with a comparable time to DpR [4.0 (95% CI 3.1–4.4) vs. 3.9 (95% CI 2.5–5.5) months; p = 0.8852]. pPFS was 6.5 (95% CI 4.9–8.0) versus 2.6 (95% CI 1.2–4.0) months in favor of BRAF-WT patients (HR 0.24 (95% CI 0.11–0.53); p < 0.001). This transferred into a significant difference in pOS [33.6 (95% CI 26.0–41.3) vs. 5.4 (95% CI 5.0–5.9) months; HR 0.27 (95% CI 0.13–0.55); p < 0.001]. Similar observations were made for patients stratified for primary tumor site.

Conclusions
BRAF-MT patients derive a less profound treatment response compared to BRAF-WT patients. The difference in outcome according to BRAF status is evident after achievement of DpR with BRAF-MT patients hardly deriving any further disease control beyond DpR. Our observations hint towards an aggressive tumor evolution in BRAF-MT tumors, which may already be molecularly detectable at the time of DpR.
Holocrine secretion and kino flow in angiosperms: their role and physiological advantages in plant defence mechanisms
Authors: Cabrita Paulo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Key message
Flow within internal secretory systems derived from autolyzing epithelia in kino-producing angiosperms may have lower metabolic energy costs. This presents physiological advantages and possibly constitutes an evolutionary step of these species compared to resin flow in conifers in using internal secretory systems in plant defence mechanisms.

Abstract
Kino is a plant exudate, rich in polyphenols, produced by several angiosperms in reaction to injury of the cambium. It flows out of kino veins, which compose an anatomically distinct continuous system of tangentially anastomosing canals produced by the cambium upon damage, encircling plant stems and branches. Kino is loaded into the vein lumen by autolysis of a cambiform epithelium lined by suberized cells that separate kino veins from the surrounding axial parenchyma. A model describing kino flow is presented to investigate how vein distribution and structure, as well as the loading, solidification, and viscosity of kino affect flow. Considering vein anatomy, viscosity, and a time-dependent loading of kino, the unsteady Stokes equation was applied. Qualitatively, kino flow is similar to resin flow observed on conifers. There is an increase in flow towards the vein open end, with both pressure and flow depending on the vein dimensions, properties, and loading of kino. However, kino veins present a much smaller specific resistance to flow compared to resin ducts. Also, unlike resin loading in conifers, the loading of kino is not pressure-driven. The pressure and pressure gradient required to drive an equally fast flow are smaller than what is observed on the resin ducts of conifers. These results agree with previous observations on some angiosperms and suggest that flow within internal secretory systems derived from autolysing epithelia may have lower metabolic energy costs; thus presenting physiological advantages and possibly constituting an evolutionary step of angiosperms in using internal secretory systems in plant defence mechanisms compared to resin flow in conifers. Understanding of how these physiological and morphological parameters affect kino flow might be useful for selecting species and developing more sustainable and economically viable methods of tapping gum and gum resin in angiosperms.
Technologien zur Nutzung von Wertstoff- und Energiepotentialen in LD-Konverterschlacken
Authors: Holzer Alexandra , Mally Valentin , Ponak Christoph , Windisch Stefan , Raupenstrauch Harald 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungZwei Drittel der weltweiten Rohstahlerzeugung erfolgt über die die Hochofen-Konverter-Route. Im Sauerstoffkonverter werden neben Kohlenstoff, Silizium und Phosphor auch Wertmetalle wie Chrom, Mangan und Eisen aus dem Roheisen entfernt. In diesem Artikel wird ein Verfahren beschrieben, das die Möglichkeit eröffnen soll, diese in den Produktkreislauf rückzuführen. Die Aufgabenstellung dabei ist die Vermeidung der Bildung einer Verbindung aus Eisen und Phosphor zu Phosphiden, da diese bei Wiedereinsatz der Recyclingprodukte im Hüttenwerk zu einer Phosphoranreicherung im Rohstahl führen. In einem neuartigen Reaktorkonzept, welches am Lehrstuhl für Thermoprozesstechnik der Montanuniversität Leoben entwickelt wurde, ist die vollständige Rückgewinnung der Metalle mit gleichzeitiger Entfernung des Phosphors über die Gasphase möglich. Dies basiert auf dem Prinzip des induktiven Wärmeeintrags über ein Grafitbett, welches eine große Oberfläche für Reduktionsreaktionen bietet. In einer diskontinuierlichen Vorversuchsreihe wurden sowohl eine optimierte Mischung aus LD-Schlacke und Schlackenbildnern wie auch die optimale Betriebstemperatur ermittelt. Folglich kann das Einsatzgemisch erfolgreich im kontinuierlichen Betrieb getestet werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Schlacke nach der Behandlung nahezu vollständig frei von Eisen, Chrom und Phosphor ist.
A computational study of exact subgraph based SDP bounds for Max-Cut, stable set and coloring
Authors: Gaar Elisabeth , Rendl Franz 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe “exact subgraph” approach was recently introduced as a hierarchical scheme to get increasingly tight semidefinite programming relaxations of several NP-hard graph optimization problems. Solving these relaxations is a computational challenge because of the potentially large number of violated subgraph constraints. We introduce a computational framework for these relaxations designed to cope with these difficulties. We suggest a partial Lagrangian dual, and exploit the fact that its evaluation decomposes into several independent subproblems. This opens the way to use the bundle method from non-smooth optimization to minimize the dual function. Finally computational experiments on the Max-Cut, stable set and coloring problem show the excellent quality of the bounds obtained with this approach.