bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENULIS REPORT TEXT MELALUI MIND MAPPING SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 1 BAMBANGLIPURO
Authors: Heryani Ade 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan menulis siswa SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Bambanglipuro dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris dengan menggunakan Mind Mapping. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dilaksanakan secara kolaboratif anatar guru dan kolaborator. Subjek penelitian adalah 25 siswa kelas IXC SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Bambanglipuro. Penelitian terdiri dari dua siklus. Masing-masing siklus terdiri dari tiga kali pertemuan dengan alokasi waktu 2 x 40 menit. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, angket, dan tes Pedoman observasi digunakan setiap pembelajaran berlangsung, tes digunakan setiap siklus berakhir. Catatan lapangan dibuat setiap pembelajaran berlangsung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode Mind Mapping (peta pikiran) dapat meningkatkan kemampuan menulis report text dalam bahasa Inggris. Langkah-langkah pembelajaran adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Menentukan sebuah tema berdasarkan gambar (2) mengembangkan tema menjadi bagian - bagian, (3)Mengembangkan bagian – bagian menjadi kalimat pada Lembar Kegiatan Siswa (LKS), dan (4) Presentasi dari setiap kelompok didepan kelas . Angket pendapat siswa tentang manfaat mind mapping dalam menulis mendapatkan respon positive.Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan: (1) Data hasil observasi partisipasi belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I yaitu 73.33% ke siklus II yaitu 89.33% naik sekitar 16% . (2) Data hasil angket yang merespon positive dari 10 point angket sebanyak rata – rata 82.8%. (3) Rata-rata hasil tes siklus mengalami peningkatan, rata-rata pada siklus I yaitu 60.00 meningkat menjadi 73.68 pada siklus II naik 13.68. Keywords: Ability, Writing, Mind Mapping
Diabetic amyotrophy (Bruns-Garland syndrome)
Authors: Pearce JMS 
Published: October 2020

Garland and Taverner first fully described diabetic amyotrophy as a clinical entity in 1950. Its distinctive features were a painful, markedly asymmetrical proximal weakness and wasting of the thighs and legs often with diminished or absent tendon reflexes. Motor signs dominated the picture, but autonomic and sensory nerves could be involved. Characteristically it occurred in poorly controlled diabetics in whom substantial if not always complete recovery was generally observed. A lumbosacral plexus neuropathy, associated with microvasculitis with secondary inflammatory perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrates is the underlying pathology.
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL DALAM MENGUATKAN KOMUNIKASI ORGANISASI KOPERASI WANITA
Authors: Rista Ananda Siregar Mariana , Cahyaningrum Qoute Nuraini 
Published: October 2020

Koperasi Wanita Usaha Wanita Mandiri was created as a forum for women's groups to be
economically empowered. When applying the rules of lending and repayment activities every
month when members meet, management has facing contrainst. The purpose of this standard
operating procedures (SOP) is to help the group's management and group leader of disciplining
and facilitating the savings and loan administration at the level of the group chairwoman,
treasurer and cashier. The method used is a lecture - a discussion conducted in three meetings to
indetified and defined problem . The socialization of SOP for loans and repayment of loans is
socialized through whatsapp communication media. The obstacle of socialization is the limited
internet quota of some members in the Carangpulang 1 and Carangpulang 2 groups in accessing
this SOP in whatsapp and face-to-face media due to the pandemic conditions that still lasted until
June 2020. However, the board felt that the SOP helps them in facilitating loan activities.
George Henry Lewes's Reading of Othello
Authors: Baker William 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
George Henry Lewes's heavily annotated copy of the text of Othello in the second edition of Charles Knight's edition of The Comedies, Histories, Tragedies and Poems of Shakspere (1843) is an example of a very early Victorian reaction by a prolific and subsequently eminent literary critic to Shakespeare's tragedy. Lewes's observations illuminate his interests and preoccupations during the period in which he was writing extensively in order to provide for his family. This article illustrates differing types of Lewis's marginalia from marginal linings and underlinings to annotations, some of which are most detailed. They demonstrate which aspects of Othello especially attracted him and why and reveal Lewes's engagement with editors and critics, especially German ones such as Eschenburg and Tieck, for example, in addition to English voices such as Coleridge, Dr. Johnson, and Warburton, to name but three. His marginalia additionally exhibits Lewes's knowledge of Greek and Roman classical traditions and his own immediate concerns.
Marketing Technologies in Higher Education for Identifying the Needs of Consumers in Lifelong Learning
Authors: Khilukha Oksana , Lipych Lubov , Kushnir Myroslava , Fatenok-Tkachuk Alla 
Published: October 2020

Ukraine has created a competitive market of educational services, the supply of which has made a tremendous surge in the last 10 years. Trends in the development of higher education indicate that, on the one hand, decline in the number of student leads to a reduction in the number of higher education institutions, and on the other, there is a need to maintain the highly professional teaching staff. The analysis of statistics shows that this tendency is common for most of the Eastern European countries. One way to improve the situation in higher education is by looking into non-traditional education such as lifelong learning. This article presents the results of marketing research of consumer needs in continuing education. It is concluded that the use of Internet marketing technologies, in particular the content marketing, provide the maximum study of consumers of educational services and, as a consequence, meet their needs.
Sodium Nitroprusside Mitigates the Inhibitory Effect of Salt and Heavy Metal Stress on Lupine Yield and Downregulates Antioxidant Enzyme Activities
Authors: Hassanein Amira , Esmail Nihal , Hashem Hanan 
Published: October 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on antioxidant enzyme activities in <em>Lupinus </em><em>albus </em>subsp. <em>termis </em>(Forssk.) Ponert plants subjected to salt and heavy metal stress. Foliar spray of SNP (0.4 and 0.6 mM) was used as a nitric oxide (NO) donor to treat lupine plants grown under different levels of salinity (0, 75, and 150 mM NaCl) and nickel (Ni) stress (100 and 150 mM Ni sulfate). Growth parameters and yield as well as total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant enzyme activities (including those of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione transferase) in NO-treated and untreated plants grown under normal or salt/heavy metal stress conditions were determined. We found that exogenously applied SNP effectively mitigated the inhibitory effects of salinity and Ni stresses on all measured growth parameters and yield components of lupine plants. In addition, NO downregulated antioxidant enzyme activities, which proved to be a good indicator reflecting changes in the oxidative status of lupine plants in response to SNP, salt, and Ni sulfate treatments.
Las encomiendas paraguayas y rioplatenses. Categorías y formas laborales según las fuentes del siglo XVII y XVIII.
Authors: Salinas María Laura 
Published: October 2020

Las encomiendas que se implementaron en el espacio paraguayo y rioplatense colonial, presentan sustanciales diferencias en sus características y formas de aplicación en algunos aspectos con otras encomiendas, que tuvieron vigencia en el Perú, en territorios más cercanos como el del Tucumán Colonial o las experiencias de Misiones jesuíticas. Durante muchos años de investigación hemos podido identificar esas particularidades vinculadas al espacio geográfico, los grupos étnicos como así también las lógicas económicas y sociales existentes en el territorio. A partir de dichos estudios podemos afirmar que no existe quizás una conceptualización específica sobre el mundo de la encomienda paraguaya y rioplatense en diálogo con otros espacios, de allí las dificultades para lograr análisis comparativos. En este artículo nos proponemos identificar a la luz de fuentes demográficas, fiscales, judiciales, visitas, registros y listas nominativas las categorías y las formas laborales específicas que se circunscriben al Paraguay y nordeste del espacio rioplatense en los siglos XVII y XVIII, con el fin de comenzar a transitar un sendero que nos conduzca a miradas comparativas.
The encomienda that were implemented in the Paraguay and Río de la Plata, present substantial differences in their characteristics and ways of application in some aspects, with other encomiendas that were in force in Peru or in closer territories such as that of the colonial Tucuman or the experiences of Jesuit and Franciscan missions. During many years of research, we have been able to identify those particularities linked to the geographical space, ethnic groups as well as the economic and social logics existing in the territory. From these studies, we can affirm that perhaps there is no specific conceptualization of the world of the Paraguay and Río de la Plata encomienda in dialogue with other spaces, hence the difficulties in achieving comparative analysis. In this article we propose to identify, in light of demographic, fiscal, judicial sources, visits, registers and nominative lists, the fiscal categories and the specifics labor forms that are limited to Paraguay and northeast of Río de la Plata space in the XVII and XVIII.
Impact of magnetic field regulation in conjunction with the volumetric repainting technique on the spot positions and beam range in pencil beam scanning proton therapy
Authors: Rana Suresh , Bennouna Jaafar , Gutierrez Alonso N. , Rosenfeld Anatoly B. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the magnetic field regulation in conjunction with the volumetric repainting technique on the spot positions and range in pencil beam scanning proton therapy.Methods“Field regulation” — a feature to reduce the switching time between layers by applying a magnetic field setpoint (instead of a current setpoint) has been implemented on the proton beam delivery system at the Miami Cancer Institute. To investigate the impact of field regulation for the volumetric repainting technique, several spot maps were generated with beam delivery sequence in both directions, that is, irradiating from the deepest layer to the most proximal layer (“down” direction) as well as irradiating from the most proximal layer to the deepest layer (“up” direction). Range measurements were performed using a multi‐layer ionization chamber array. Spot positions were measured using two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional scintillation detectors. For range and central‐axis spot position, spot maps were delivered for energies ranging from 70–225 MeV. For off‐axis spot positions, the maps were delivered for high‐, medium, and low‐energies at eight different gantry angles. The results were then compared between the “up” and “down” directions.ResultsThe average difference in range for given energy between “up” and “down” directions was 0.0 ± 0.1 mm. The off‐axis spot position results showed that 846/864 of the spots were within ±1 mm, and all off‐axis spot positions were within ±1.2 mm. For spots (n = 126) at the isocenter, the evaluation between “up” and “down” directions for given energy showed the spot position difference within ±0.25 mm. At the nozzle entrance, the average differences in X and Y positions for given energy were 0.0 ± 0.2 mm and −0.0 ± 0.4 mm, respectively. At the nozzle exit, the average differences in X and Y positions for given energy were 0.0 ± 0.1 mm and −0.1 ± 0.1 mm, respectively.ConclusionThe volumetric repainting technique in magnetic field regulation mode resulted in acceptable spot position and range differences for our beam delivery system. The range differences were found to be within ±1 mm (TG224). For the spot positions (TG224: ±1 mm), the central axis measurements were within ±1 mm, whereas for the off‐axis measurements, 97.9% of the spots were within ±1 mm, and all spots were within ±1.2 mm.
Can Polyelectrolyte Mechanical Properties be Directly Modulated by an Electric Field? A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Raiter Prathamesh D. , Vidavsky Yuval , Silberstein Meredith N. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMultifunctionality in polymers facilitates their application in emerging technologies. Electrical fields are a preferred stimulus because of the speed and ease of application to bulk polymers. While a wide range of electrically triggered actuators are developed, and electrically controlled adhesion between gels is demonstrated, modification of bulk mechanical properties via electrical stimuli remains elusive. Polymers with covalently incorporated ionic charge (polyelectrolytes) should be well suited to achieving this goal since the mechanical properties depend on electrostatic interactions and these charges are intrinsically susceptible to electric fields. Molecular dynamics simulations are utilized here to investigate whether electric fields can modulate the mechanical properties of polyelectrolytes and to understand the governing mechanisms. Mechanical property modulation by electric field is found to be sensitive to the charge distribution—charges must be tightly attached to the polymer backbone, and responsivity is greater if a single backbone contains both positive and negative charges. The dominant mechanisms are reorientation and stretching of the polymer chains, which also elongate the ionic clusters to maintain strong electrostatic interactions throughout deformation. These insights are critical for future experimental realization of polymers with electric field regulated mechanical properties.
Quantitative Polarization‐Resolved Second‐Harmonic‐Generation Microscopy of Glycine Microneedles
Authors: Gleeson Matthew , O'Dwyer Kevin , Guerin Sarah , Rice Daragh , Thompson Damien , Tofail Syed A. M. , Silien Christophe , Liu Ning 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSecond‐harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical process that can provide disease diagnosis through characterization of biological building blocks such as amino acids, peptides, and proteins. The second‐order nonlinear susceptibility tensor χ(2) of a material characterizes its tendency to cause SHG. Here, a method for finding the χ(2) elements from polarization‐resolved SHG microscopy in transmission mode is presented. The quantitative framework and analytical approach that corrects for micrometer‐scale morphology and birefringence enable the determination and comparison of the SHG susceptibility tensors of β‐ and γ‐phase glycine microneedles. The maximum nonlinear susceptibility coefficients are d33 = 15 pm V−1 for the β and d33 = 5.9 pm V−1 for the γ phase. The results demonstrate glycine as a useful biocompatible nonlinear material. This combination of the analytical model and polarization‐resolved SHG transmission microscopy is broadly applicable for quantitative SHG material characterization and diagnostic imaging.
Single Cobalt Sites Dispersed in Hierarchically Porous Nanofiber Networks for Durable and High‐Power PGM‐Free Cathodes in Fuel Cells
Authors: He Yanghua , Guo Hui , Hwang Sooyeon , Yang Xiaoxuan , He Zizhou , Braaten Jonathan , Karakalos Stavros , Shan Weitao , Wang Maoyu , Zhou Hua , Feng Zhenxing , More Karren L. , Wang Guofeng , Su Dong , Cullen David A. , Fei Ling , Litster Shawn , Wu Gang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIncreasing catalytic activity and durability of atomically dispersed metal–nitrogen–carbon (M–N–C) catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) cathode in proton‐exchange‐membrane fuel cells remains a grand challenge. Here, a high‐power and durable Co–N–C nanofiber catalyst synthesized through electrospinning cobalt‐doped zeolitic imidazolate frameworks into selected polyacrylonitrile and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) polymers is reported. The distinct porous fibrous morphology and hierarchical structures play a vital role in boosting electrode performance by exposing more accessible active sites, providing facile electron conductivity, and facilitating the mass transport of reactant. The enhanced intrinsic activity is attributed to the extra graphitic N dopants surrounding the CoN4 moieties. The highly graphitized carbon matrix in the catalyst is beneficial for enhancing the carbon corrosion resistance, thereby promoting catalyst stability. The unique nanoscale X‐ray computed tomography verifies the well‐distributed ionomer coverage throughout the fibrous carbon network in the catalyst. The membrane electrode assembly achieves a power density of 0.40 W cm−2 in a practical H2/air cell (1.0 bar) and demonstrates significantly enhanced durability under accelerated stability tests. The combination of the intrinsic activity and stability of single Co sites, along with unique catalyst architecture, provide new insight into designing efficient PGM‐free electrodes with improved performance and durability.
General Synthesis of Nanoporous 2D Metal Compounds with 3D Bicontinous Structure
Authors: Chen Dechao , Ning Shoucong , Lan Jiao , Peng Ming , Duan Huigao , Pan Anlian , Tan Yongwen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlthough 2D layered metal compounds are widely exploited using various techniques such as exfoliation and vapor‐phase‐assisted growth, it is still challenging to construct the 2D materials in a 3D configuration with preservation of the unique physicochemical properties of the metal compounds. Herein, a general synthetic strategy is reported for a wide variety of 2D (atomic‐scale thickness) metal compounds with 3D bicontinous nanoporous structure. 19 binary compounds including sulfides, selenides, tellurides, carbides, and nitrides, and five alloyed compounds, are successfully prepared via a surface alloy strategy, which are readily created by using a recyclable nanoporous gold assisted chemical vapor deposition process. These 3D nanoporous metal compounds with preserved 2D physicochemical properties, tunable pore sizes, and compositions for electrocatalytic applications, show excellent catalytic performance in the electrochemical N2 reduction reaction. This work opens up a promising avenue for fundamental studies and potential applications of a wide variety of nanoporous metal compounds.
Energy Efficient Control of Ultrafast Spin Current to Induce Single Femtosecond Pulse Switching of a Ferromagnet
Authors: Remy Quentin , Igarashi Junta , Iihama Satoshi , Malinowski Grégory , Hehn Michel , Gorchon Jon , Hohlfeld Julius , Fukami Shunsuke , Ohno Hideo , Mangin Stéphane 
Published: October 2020

AbstractNew methods to induce magnetization switching in a thin ferromagnetic material using femtosecond laser pulses without the assistance of an applied external magnetic field have recently attracted a lot of interest. It has been shown that by optically triggering the reversal of the magnetization in a GdFeCo layer, the magnetization of a nearby ferromagnetic thin film can also be reversed via spin currents originating in the GdFeCo layer. Here, using a similar structure, it is shown that the magnetization reversal of the GdFeCo is not required in order to reverse the magnetization of the ferromagnetic thin film. This switching is attributed to the ultrafast spin current and can be generated by the GdFeCo demagnetization. A larger energy efficiency of the ferromagnetic layer single pulse switching is obtained for a GdFeCo with a larger Gd concentration. Those ultrafast and energy efficient switchings observed in such spintronic devices open a new path toward ultrafast and energy efficient magnetic memories.
Synthesis of Boron Analogues of Enamines via Hydroamination of a Boron−Boron Triple Bond
Authors: Brückner Tobias , Heß Merlin , Stennett Tom E. , Rempel Anna , Braunschweig Holger 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAn N‐heterocyclic‐carbene‐stabilized diboryne undergoes rapid, high‐yielding and catalyst‐free hydroamination reactions with primary amines, yielding 1‐amino‐2‐hydrodiborenes, which can be considered boron analogues of enamines. The electronics of the organic substituent at nitrogen influence the structure and further reactivity of the diborene product. With electron‐rich anilines, a second hydroamination can occur at the diborene to generate 1,1‐diamino‐2,2‐dihydrodiboranes. With isopropylamine, the electronic influence of the alkyl substituent upon the diborene leads to an unprecedented boron‐mediated intramolecular N‐dearylation reaction of an N‐heterocyclic carbene unit.
Tracheal obstruction due to tumour: use of veno‐venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during rigid bronchoscopy
Authors: Zimmermann M. , Vallier S. , Sanchez B.G. , Agossou M. , Venissac N. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryTracheal tumour is rare but can lead to upper airway obstruction and acute respiratory distress. Its management includes surgical resection, radiotherapy or interventional bronchoscopy. Ventilation or difficulties with tracheal intubation can occur during the peri‐operative course resulting in serious adverse consequences. We report the case of an 83‐year‐old man with an obstructive tracheal chondrosarcoma resected by rigid bronchoscopy undergoing veno‐venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Such support should be considered when the patient's airway patency cannot be ensured by conventional methods.
The journey to establish the discipline of statistical engineering
Authors: Hoerl Roger W. , Vining G. Geoff 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSeveral journal articles, websites, and conferences have recently focused on the emerging discipline of statistical engineering. This discipline focuses on developing the theory and practice of how to address large, complex, unstructured problems, particularly those that require data and analysis. While good statisticians and engineers have always applied statistical engineering, they did not generally document the critical thinking they applied to resolve such big problems. In this sense, statistical engineering is not new, but the discipline of statistical engineering is. As a professional society, the International Statistical Engineering Association (ISEA) is even newer. This expository article explains the basics of statistical engineering: what it is, why it is needed, how it works, how it is unique, and so on. Furthermore, it provides a history of the development of statistical engineering going back to Churchill Eisenhart during the early years after World War II. It then discusses the origins and rapid development of ISEA as an international professional society devoted to the emerging discipline of statistical engineering.