bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Pandemic and the 2020 Elections in Ghana
Authors: Ijon Frank Bitafir , Bingab B. B. B. 
Published: December 2020

The paper explores the impact of the Coronavirus pandemic on Ghana’s election 2020 which will be conducted on the 7th December 2020. The paper argues that despite the fact that the pandemic has negatively affected the 2020 elections process, it also presents political parties and the Electoral Commission the opportunity to be innovative in their activities. The study adopts a content analysis approach and depends mainly on the desk review of related literature on the topic under investigation. The study found that the possible negative impacts of the virus on the 2020 elections include: low voter turnout because of the fear of contracting the virus due to human contacts at the voting centers and postponement of the 2020 elections if the spread goes out of hand. The impacts felt already include postponement of voter registration exercise from April 2020 to June 2020 and the ban on political activities such as mass campaigns.
Again, one positive impact of the virus is that it has made political parties innovative in the mobilization of voters through the use of various social media platforms. Now campaigns and other political activities are held via the internet. With such innovation, the paper proposes that the E.C. should consider online voting, postal voting, and early voting in the 2020 election as a way of reducing human conduct and overcrowding on the day of voting in order to reduce the spread of COVID-19.
Caracterização de pacientes com sequelas após Infecção pelo vírus chikungunya de acordo com a CIF
Authors: Da Silva Filho Jurandir , Silva Lídia Ferreira da , Lima Jullyane Maria , Almeida Mylena Cristina Ever de , Jacob Mellina Monteiro , Moraes Suellen Alessandra Soares de 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Caracterizar segundo a Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF), as sequelas apresentadas por pacientes após infecção pelo vírus Chikungunya (CHIKV). Metodologia: Estudo Transversal e descritivo, realizado com 34 participantes, com diagnóstico sorológico e/ou clínico de infecção pelo CHIKV. As variáveis foram coletadas por meio da Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) e Medical Research Council (MRC), e relacionadas com os domínios da CIF para então classificá-las. Os dados foram tabulados em planilha Microsoft Excel 2013 com estatística descritiva calculada pelo programa GraphPad Prism 6. Os resultados foram apresentados como média e desvio padrão ou mediana e intervalo interquartil. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos com a EVA foram caracterizados como moderada a grave deficiência, no SF-36 os domínios variaram de moderada a completa deficiência e no MRC todos os movimentos analisados corresponderam a ligeira deficiência. Conclusão: Foi possível caracterizar alterações osteomioarticulares e a funcionalidade dos pacientes infectados pelo CHIKV e classificá-los dentro do contexto da CIF, garantindo uma padronização para a descrição dos componentes relacionados à saúde desses pacientes.
A suplementação com óleo de peixe três vezes mais concentrado em epa (ácido eicosapentaenoico) modifica a função renal em ratos
Authors: Cassol Bruno Henrique , Peruffo Letícia Chaffin Barbosa , Arioni Sofia Tomaselli , Fernandez Ricardo 
Published: December 2020

<p class="PargrafoABNT"><strong>Objetivos:</strong> Óleo de peixe, rico em ácido eicosapentaenoico (EPA), mostrou benefícios renoprotetores em modelos animais de doenças crônicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação com óleo de peixe três vezes mais concentrado em EPA (EPA 3X) na função renal de ratos e a eficiência desta suplementação por um curto período de tempo.</p><p><strong>Metodologia:</strong> Ratos Wistar (n=16) foram divididos em dois grupos, controle (C) e suplementado (CO) por 14 dias com óleo de peixe (EPA 3X). Foram determinados os seguintes parâmetros: ganho de peso, ingesta de água e ração, fluxo urinário, proteinemia, trigliceridemia, osmolaridade, clearance de creatinina e fração de excreção de sódio.</p><p><strong>Resultados</strong>: Os ratos suplementados tiveram níveis de triglicerídeos no plasma 58,4% menores que os ratos controle (p=0,0239), entretanto os restantes dos parâmetros sistemicos avaliados não apresentaram alterações. A suplementação com óleo de peixe não alterou o fluxo urinário. Entretanto, no grupo CO identificou-se um aumento na filtração glomerular, com um incremento em média de 67,8% no clearance de creatinina em relação ao grupo C (<em>p</em>=0,054). A excreção média de proteínas totais na urina e a fração de excreção de sódio foram semelhantes entre os grupos.</p><p><strong>Conclusão</strong>: A suplementação com óleo de peixe três vezes mais concentrado em EPA por um período curto de tempo (quinze dias) provocou alterações significativas tanto em parâmetros sistêmicos (redução significativa na trigliceridemia<strong>)</strong> quanto na função renal de ratos controle (incremento na filtração glomerular) indicando a eficiência desta suplementação. </p>
Effect of long‐term hormone replacement therapy on the bone in ovariectomized women with cancer
Authors: Kurabayashi T , Yahata T , Honda A , Tomita M , Yasuda M , Tanaka T 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To evaluate longitudinally the effectiveness of long‐term hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in preserving the bone mineral density (BMD) over a 5‐year period in ovariectomized patients treated for gynecologic malignancies. Methods: A total of 70 pre‐menopausal women ovariectomized for gynecologic malignancies at our hospital were divided non‐randomly into two groups: HRT (+) group (n=59) and HRT (−) group (n=11). HRT was administered in a sequential regimen of 0.625–1.25 mg conjugated estrogen for 24 days and 5–10 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate for 10 days. Results: The BMD of the lumbar vertebrae decreased significantly in the HRT (−) group (pre‐operative BMD was 91.8%, 91.0% and 91.3% at 1, 2 and 3 years post‐ovariectomy), but no decrease in the BMD was observed in the HRT (+) group (pre‐operative BMD was 98.4%, 99.0%, 99.4%, 98.8% and 98.7% at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years post‐ovariectomy); the difference in BMD between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.01). Serum alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly lower in the HRT (+) group than in the HRT (−) group (P<0.01). There were four recurrences of cancer in the HRT (+) group. Conclusion: HRT appeared to have beneficial effects on bone metabolism by maintaining BMD for 5 years in ovariectomized patients for gynecologic malignancies.
Enhancement of bone growth into porous intramedullary implants using non‐invasive low intensity ultrasound
Authors: Tanzer M. , Kantor S. , Bobyn J. D. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAn in vivo study was designed to determine if non‐invasive low intensity ultrasound could enhance bone growth into porous intramedullary implants. Fully porous intramedullary rods were implanted bilaterally into the ulnae of six dogs. In each dog, one ulna served as a control and the other was treated with 20 min of daily ultrasound stimulation for 6 consecutive weeks. Analysis of serial transverse sections indicated an average of 119% more bone growth into the ultrasound‐treated implants compared with the contralateral controls (P < 0.001). In each of the 6 dogs, there was a significantly greater amount of bone ingrowth on the ultrasound‐stimulated side. These data indicate a clear potential for externally applied ultrasound therapy to augment biological fixation. © 2001 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Glial cell development in Drosophila
Authors: Klämbt C. , Hummel T. , Granderath S. , Schimmelpfeng K. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIn the Drosophila central nervous system (CNS) about 10% of the cells are of glial nature. A set of molecular markers has allowed unraveling a number of genes controlling glial cell fate determination as well as genes required for glial cell differentiation. Here we focus on the embryonic CNS glia and review the recent progress in the field.
Transfection of neonatal rat cochlear cells in vitro with an adenovirus vector
Authors: Dazert S. , Battaglia A. , Ryan A.F. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractA recombinant adenovirus vector containing a βI‐galactosidase reporter gene was used to transfect neonatal rat organ of Corti or spiral ganglion explants in vitro. Infection at appropriate titers (106−107 pfu/ml) transduced virtually all cells in the cultures after 72 hr. However, spiral ganglion neurons and cells in the inner hair cell regions of the organ of Corti showed the highest levels of expression. Viral titers that produced high levels of β‐galactosidase expression did not appear to damage the cultures, and did not inhibit neurite outgrowth from spiral ganglion cells. However, higher titers (108‐109pfu/ml) clearly diminished explant viability and inhibited neurite extension. The results demonstrate that cochlear cells can be transfected successfully with an adenovirus vector, at viral titers which do not induce obvious signs of cellular damage or dysfunction.
Kleptomania: characteristics of 12 cases
Authors: Wiedemann G 
Published: July 2002

SummaryA review of the literature showed that there is no good systematic study of a series of rigorously diagnosed “kleptomaniac” persons, other than those referred by the courts for expert opinions. This applies in particular to German-speaking and other European countries. We therefore report here on the phenomenology, demographics, psychopathology, family histories, treatment histories, behaviour therapy oriented analyses, and treatment results of 12 individuals meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-III-R criteria for kleptomania. All patients described an uncontrollable impulse to steal and a reduction in anxiety or tension during or after the act. All had at least one further psychiatric diagnosis. Although the kleptomaniac symptomatology did not seem to be part of these other disorders, the extent of stealing corresponded (positively or negatively) to other psychiatric symptoms such as depressive feelings, excessive urges to eat or migraine attacks. Microanalysis of the act of theft, as well as the preceding and following events (explored by applying behaviour therapy oriented analysis) showed intraindividually consistent, but inter-individually differing triggering factors. There was no evidence of correlation with obsessive-compulsive disorders, but some indications that kleptomania may be associated with affective disorders in terms of an “affective spectrum disorder”. According to a broader definition of “multi-impulsive-disorder” (analogous to Lacey and Evans or Fichter et al), one third of the patients might be diagnosed as “bi-impulsive disorder”. Eight of the 12 patients could be investigated at a mean follow-up time of 2 years after discharge showing favourable results. In conclusion, kleptomaniac behaviour seems to be multiconditionally caused and sustained.
Findings on Coronary Angiographies in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ischemic Heart Disease: Are They Different From Patients Without Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Authors: Holmqvist Marie , Mantel Ängla , Wållberg‐Jonsson Solveig , James Stefan , Jernberg Tomas , Askling Johan 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivePatients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and seem to develop more severe acute coronary syndromes (ACS) than the general population. Because few studies have investigated the CAD distribution in the context of acute or stable CAD in RA, the objective was to investigate whether this risk is due to a different distribution and severity of coronary stenoses (versus non‐RA), resulting in clinical manifestation of CAD.MethodsWe performed a population‐based study using linkages of nationwide clinical, health, and demographics registers. We compared 1 cohort of patients with RA, and 1 matched cohort of patients without RA, undergoing a first coronary angiography from 2006 through 2015. Cardiovascular (CV) characteristics and the presence and distribution of clinically significant stenoses were compared (through odds ratios [ORs]), stratified by indication (stable CAD, ST‐elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI], and non–ST‐elevation ACS [NSTACS]), using logistic regression.ResultsWe identified 2,985 patients with RA and 10,290 patients without RA who underwent a first coronary angiography. A higher proportion of patients with RA (75% versus 69%) had STEMI and NSTACS as indication for angiography. We found no difference in the presence and distribution of clinically significant coronary stenoses in RA compared with the patients without RA, regardless of the CAD type (for having any significant stenosis in stable CAD OR 0.9, STEMI OR 0.8, and NSTACS OR 1.1), stratification by RA duration, sex, or burden of concomitant CV risk factors.ConclusionAlthough RA may accelerate the development of clinical CAD events, the underlying angiographic characteristics are similar to those in patients without RA.
Stimuli Responsive Shape Memory Microarchitectures
Authors: Elliott Luizetta V. , Salzman Erika E. , Greer Julia R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractShape memory polymers (SMPs) respond to heat by generating programmable movement in devices that require substantial deformation and operate at transient temperatures, including stents and embolization coils. To enable their use in small‐scale applications like retinal vasculature stenting, shape transformations must occur in SMPs with complex 3D geometries with nanoscale features. This work describes the synthesis and sculpting of a benzyl methacrylate‐based SMP into 3D structures with <800 nm characteristic critical dimensions via two photon lithography. Dynamic nanomechanical analysis of 8 µm‐diameter cylindrical pillars reveal the initiation of this SMP's glass transition at 60 °C. Shape memory programming of the characterized pillars as well as complex 3D architectures, including flowers with 500 nm thick petals and cubic lattices with 2.5 µm unit cells and overall dimensions of 4.5 µm × 4.5 µm × 10 µm, demonstrate an 86 +/− 4% characteristic shape recovery ratio. These results reveal a pathway toward SMP devices with nanoscale features and arbitrary 3D geometries changing shape in response to temperature.
Koolen‐de Vries syndrome: First report of two unrelated Indian patients
Authors: Saxena Deepti , Moirangthem Amita , Shambhavi Arya , Phadke Shubha R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractKoolen‐de Vries syndrome is a recurrent microdeletion syndrome caused due to deletion of around 400–600 kb region at 17q21.31. The deleted region contains various genes including KANSL1 and individuals with KANSL1 sequence variations and similar phenotypic manifestations have also been described. It is characterized by typical facial features, variable degree of intellectual disability, seizures, and behavioral problems. Here, we describe the phenotypic features of two patients and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of Koolen‐de Vries syndrome from India.
Amine‐Mediated Domino Reaction of Thioisatins: Synthesis of Benzothiophene‐fused N‐Heterocycles under Catalyst‐Free Conditions
Authors: Deng Qingsong , Yu Aimin , Li Meitong , Meng Xiangtai 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA novel three‐component domino reaction between thioisatins, α‐bromoketones, and amines was developed. The reaction with aliphatic amines produced a series of benzothiophene fused pyrrolidones in good yields. Moreover, employment of diamines gave benzothiophene fused polycyclic compounds. In addition, gram‐scale experiments and synthetic transformations on the resulting products were performed.
Emergency biventricular assist device implantation in a patient with suspected COVID‐19 disease
Authors: Nwaejike N. , Strang T. , Garcia M. , Charlesworth M. , Shaw S. M. , Barnard J. B. 
Published: December 2020

SummarySevere coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a multisystem inflammatory disorder and knowledge and experience with severe acute respiratory failure in infected patients has grown considerably since reports of the first few cases. Little is known about the effect of the severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) virus on the heart, and it has been suggested that fulminant cardiac failure, with or without respiratory failure, may occur several weeks following infection. A young man presented after a recent viral illness. He was in severe cardiogenic shock and was implanted with an emergency biventricular assist device, which also incorporated an extracorporeal membrane oxygenator. He stabilised soon after and, despite an intracerebral haemorrhage which resolved and bleeding into the trachea following percutaneous tracheostomy, he survived to explant and was successfully stepped down to a rehabilitation unit on postoperative day 50. He tested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 antibodies when the test became available on postoperative day 33. We envisage there will be many more such presentations of acute COVID‐19‐associated cardiogenic shock and we recommend clinicians consider this diagnosis when presented with an acutely unwell patient with an unclear diagnosis following a viral illness. These patients should be discussed as early as possible with a transplant/mechanical circulatory support team.
Emotion Dysregulation is Substantially Elevated in Autism Compared to the General Population: Impact on Psychiatric Services
Authors: Conner Caitlin M. , Golt Josh , Shaffer Rebecca , Righi Giulia , Siegel Matthew , Mazefsky Carla A. 
Published: December 2020

Emerging evidence suggests that emotion regulation (ER) impairment in those with ASD is associated with poor mental health. This study used the Emotion Dysregulation Inventory, a new norm‐referenced ER measure with clinical cut‐offs, developed and validated in ASD and non‐ASD samples, to establish rates of ER impairment and understand its association with psychiatric service use in ASD. Parents of 6–17 year olds in three well‐characterized samples (nationally representative USn= 1,000; community ASDn= 1,169; inpatient ASDn= 567) completed a battery of questionnaires about their child. The prevalence of ER impairment was significantly higher in the ASD groups compared to the nationally representative sample and highest in the psychiatric Inpatient ASD group. The community ASD and inpatient ASD samples were four and seven times more likely, respectively, to exceed clinical cutoffs for emotional reactivity than the general US sample. Similarly, history of psychiatric hospitalization, recent emergency services use (police contact, emergency room visits, or in‐home crisis evaluations for emotional or behavioral concerns in the past 2 months), and psychotropic medication prescriptions were significantly higher in the ASD groups. ER impairment was significantly associated with all forms of psychiatric service use, after controlling for demographics (age, sex, race), co‐occurring intellectual disability, and ADHD symptoms. This is the first large‐scale study to document substantially higher rates of ER impairment in youth with ASD compared to the general population. The importance of ER impairment is underscored by its association with higher utilization of inpatient, emergency, and medication services in ASD, after accounting for demographics and ADHD‐related symptoms.Lay SummaryThis study compared problems with emotion regulation in large samples of youth with and without ASD. An ASD community sample had two to four times more youth with clinically elevated regulation impairments compared to youth without ASD. Emotion regulation impairment was also related to using psychiatric hospitalizations, emergency services, and medications in the ASD group. This study suggests that screening for emotion regulation difficulties in ASD is important and treatment may have a wide ranging impact.
Self‐administered biofeedback treatment app for pediatric migraine: A randomized pilot study
Authors: Stubberud Anker , Linde Mattias , Brenner Eiliv , Heier Martin , Olsen Alexander , Aamodt Anne Hege , Gravdahl Gøril B. , Tronvik Erling 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect size, safety, and tolerability of a therapist‐independent biofeedback treatment app among adolescent with migraine.Materials and MethodsThis was a prospective, 3:1 ratio randomized, sham‐controlled, double‐blind, pilot study with 16 adolescents diagnosed with migraine randomized to eight weeks of biofeedback treatment (n = 12) or sham biofeedback (n = 4), carried out at two university hospitals in Norway. The prespecified and primary objective of the study was to observe changes in outcomes within the active treatment group. The sham control group was included in a minor ratio primarily to evaluate its feasibility. The primary outcome was change in headache frequency. A modified intention to treat analysis was performed, including participants completing at least seven biofeedback sessions in weeks 1–4 (n = 12 vs. n = 4) and weeks 5–8 (n = 7 vs. n = 2).ResultsAdherence was poor with 40% (136/336) of planned biofeedback sessions completed during weeks 5–8. Within the biofeedback group, a not statistically significant reduction in headache frequency was observed at weeks 1–4 (2.92 days/month, 95% CI −1.00 to 6.84, p = .145) and weeks 5–8 (1.85 days/month, 95% CI −2.01 to 5.72, p = .395). The biofeedback group experienced a median of one fewer headache days/month versus sham that did not reach significance (95% CI −4.0 to 9.0, p = .760).ConclusionsWe observed a small reduction in headache frequency in the active treatment group. Findings were likely undermined by low adherence and underpowered analyses but indicate that a therapist‐independent biofeedback treatment app has the potential to be an effective, tolerable, and inexpensive treatment option.
Anti‐Inflammatory, Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibition Activities in Correlation with Mycochemical Profile of Selected Indigenous Ganoderma spp. from Balkan Region (Serbia)
Authors: Rašeta Milena , Popović Mira , Beara Ivana , Šibul Filip , Zengin Gokhan , Krstić Sanja , Karaman Maja 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe aim of this research work was to study the bioactivity potentials (antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and enzyme inhibitory) of ethanol (EtOH), water (H2O) and chloroform (CHCl3) extracts of G. applanatum, G. lucidum, G. pfeifferi and G. resinaceum as well as their mycochemical profile: the total content of phenolics (TP) and sugars (TS) and LC/MS/MS detection of phenolics.LC/MS/MS profile showed that p‐hydroxybenzoic and protocatechuic acids were mostly found. The highest ABTS and DPPH activities were detected in polar G. applanatum extracts (159.84±0.59 mg TE/g d.w., IC50=0.85±0.30 μg/mL, respectively), while G. resinaceum CHCl3 extract was the most potent in NO assay (IC50=41.21±0.18−81.89±0.81 μg/mL). The highest TP and TS were generally determined in G. applanatum EtOH extracts. Enzyme inhibitory effects were determined in H2O extracts. Generally, CHCl3 extracts showed the most powerful anti‐inflammatory potential.These results suggest that analyzed species are a promising source of bioactive compounds and may be considered as candidates for new food supplements or drug formulations.