bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mutations in KRT10 in epidermolytic acanthoma
Authors: Cheraghlou Shayan , Atzmony Lihi , Roy Simon F. , McNiff Jennifer M. , Choate Keith A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundEpidermolytic acanthoma (EA) is a rare acquired lesion demonstrating a characteristic histopathological pattern of epidermal degeneration referred to as epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EHK). On histopathological analysis, EA appears nearly identical to inherited EHK‐associated dermatoses such as epidermolytic ichthyosis and ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens. While it has been speculated that EA is caused by mutations in KRT10, KRT1, or KRT2 found in these inherited dermatoses, none have yet been identified. Herein, we aim to identify the contributions of keratin mutations to EA.MethodsUsing genomic DNA extracted from paraffin‐embedded samples from departmental archives, we evaluated a discovery cohort using whole‐exome sequencing (WES) and assessed remaining samples using Sanger sequencing screening and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis.ResultsDNA from 16/20 cases in our sample was of sufficient quality for polymerase chain reaction amplification. WES of genomic DNA from lesional tissue revealed KRT10 c.466C > T, p.Arg156Cys mutations in 2/3 samples submitted for examination. RFLP analysis of these samples as well as eight additional samples confirmed the mutations identified via WES and identified four additional cases with Arg156 mutations. In sum, 6/11 screened cases showed hotspot mutation in KRT10.ConclusionsHotspot mutations in the Arg156 position of KRT10, known to cause epidermolytic ichthyosis, also underlie EA.
Right ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Li Junfang , Lin Xiaotong , Li Huichao , Lu Changhong , Li Rong , Liu Weigang , Wang Zhibin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess right ventricular (RV) diastolic dysfunction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) using velocity vector imaging (VVI) and to evaluate the application of VVI technology.MethodsAccording to the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), 69 patients with OSAS were divided into three groups: mild, moderate, and severe. A total of 35 cases of healthy subjects were enrolled as the control group. Digital images of apex four‐chamber views were acquired to measure the peak early diastolic strain rate (RV‐SRe), late diastolic strain rate(RV‐SRa), and RV‐SRe/RV‐SRa using VVI.ResultsRV‐SRe, RV‐Sra, and RV‐SRe/RV‐SRa were decreasing along with the disease severity. RV‐SRe, RV‐SRe/RV‐SRa in moderate and severe OSAS group showed lower than control and mild OSAS groups. RV‐SRa in severe OSAS group showed lower than control group. RV‐SRe had the best correlation with AHI than other parameters.ConclusionsRight ventricular diastolic dysfunction starts before the development of heart failure and pulmonary hypertension in patients with OSAS. RV‐SRe was the parameter that may reflect subclinical myocardial dysfunction and can better reflect RV diastolic dysfunction.
Where is the right ventricle? Accurate diagnosis with cardiovascular multimodality imaging
Authors: Güner Ahmet , Topel Çağdaş , Cansever Aysel Türkvatan , Güner Ezgi Gültekin , Tüfekcioğlu Omaç , Ertürk Mehmet , Güler Gamze Babür 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEndomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) is a globally unattended disease with significant rates of morbidity and mortality. It has a higher prevalence in tropical and subtropical countries compared to the rest of the world. Endomyocardial fibrosis can affect the atrioventricular valves, along with all four chambers of the heart, but spares the myocardium. Patients currently undergo symptomatic treatment with diuretics and vasodilators to enhance quality of life, although medical therapy alone is associated with poor prognosis. Hence, patients with severe symptoms prefer surgical treatment. Modern multimodality imaging, however, can help these definitions to be made more accurately.
Does the BRRD affect the retail banking business model in the Euro area?
Authors: Tropeano Domenica 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper discusses how the introduction of the Banking Recovery and Resolution Directive (BRRD) in European Union legislation may change the retail banking business model, which is the most prevalent model in Southern European countries. The main point is the treatment of deposits in the BRRD. Uninsured deposits may be written down or converted into equity in case of resolution of a bank. This contrasts with the treatment of other short‐term liabilities, in particular repurchase agreements. Short maturity repos are excluded from the bail‐in, regardless of their size. Also, liabilities related to securities lending and derivatives are given privileged treatment. It is argued that this will be an advantage for wholesale and investment banks, which use these types of short‐term funding largely to finance asset purchases. Moreover, it will severely hit retail banking business models of various types by undermining the trust of depositors in the bank, causing bank runs whenever rumours circulate about financial distress situations, thus increasing its cost of funding and lowering the value of its shares. Therefore, to avoid runs on repos, runs on banks are resurging.
Political efficacy and the persistence of turnout shocks
Authors: Garmann Sebastian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWhether voter turnout is sticky, that is, whether turnout shocks persist over time, is important both for the evaluation of institutional reforms and to inform about assumptions in behavioral models of turnout. This study examines an exogenous and large turnout boost caused by combining a high‐office with a low‐office election, but does not find that this contemporaneous turnout boost per se persists at subsequent, nonconcurrent low‐office elections. Heterogeneity analyses rather show that the effect is conditional on the closeness of the low‐office election: Close elections lead to positive turnout persistence, while clearly decided races even discourage from voting in the next election. An explanation is that the turnout boost causes voters to update their beliefs about the probability of being pivotal.
Two‐year diagnostic stability in a real‐world sample of individuals with early psychosis
Authors: Cawkwell Philip B. , Bolton Kirsten W. , Karmacharya Rakesh , Öngür Dost , Shinn Ann K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesDiagnostic shifts in first episode psychosis (FEP) are not uncommon. Many studies examining diagnostic stability use structured diagnostic interviews. Less is known about the stability of FEP diagnoses made clinically.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of patients enrolled in a transdiagnostic FEP clinic. For the 96 patients followed clinically at least 2 years, we compared diagnoses at intake and 24 months.ResultsDiagnostic stability was high for bipolar disorder (89%), schizoaffective disorder (89%), and schizophrenia (82%). Psychosis not otherwise specified (13%) was more unstable, with limited baseline differences that would enable clinicians to predict who would convert to a primary psychotic vs affective psychotic disorder.ConclusionsOur real‐world clinical sample shows that FEP diagnoses, with the exception of unspecified psychosis, are diagnostically stable, even without structured diagnostic interviews.
Acceptability, safety and perceived impact of providing a fact sheet to young people about cognitive symptoms in depression
Authors: Bryce Shayden , Cooke Melanie , Yuen Hok Pan , Allott Kelly 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimCognitive deficits are common in young people, aged 15‐25, with depression. Nevertheless, these symptoms are not routinely addressed in clinical care. This study examined the acceptability, safety, and reported impact on cognitive knowledge and strategy use, of a newly developed fact sheet (Thinking about Thinking Skills in Depression) for young people with depression.MethodTwenty‐three participants, aged 15‐25 years old (M = 19.6, SD = 3.2), receiving community‐based treatment for a depressive disorder were delivered the fact sheet by their case manager and completed pre‐ and post‐assessments conducted 3 weeks apart. Primary outcomes included: acceptability, safety, subjective distress, knowledge of cognition and use of, and confidence in using, cognitive strategies. Exploratory outcomes included depression symptoms, perceived cognitive difficulties, self‐efficacy and self‐esteem. Case manager perspectives were obtained using an anonymous online survey.ResultsParticipant experiences of the fact sheet were favourable. Most reported that the amount of content provided was appropriate (91%), looked at the fact sheet again after receiving it (83%), and tried at least one strategy (57%). Participants reported significant improvements in their knowledge of cognitive difficulties and a greater use of, and confidence in using, cognitive strategies. Distress did not change following fact sheet delivery, supporting safety. Perceived improvements in depression symptoms and cognitive deficits, but not self‐esteem or self‐efficacy, were revealed. Case manager perspectives were also positive.ConclusionWritten fact sheet resources are an acceptable, safe and pragmatic method of delivering information about cognitive difficulties to young people with depression.
Ontological difference, anthropological difference, and equal liberty
Authors: Balibar Étienne 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this lecture, the author seeks to articulate in a systematic manner, although still tentative, the three ideas about which he has been developing his personal philosophy in the last period: “Ontological difference”, which after Heidegger and Derrida needs to become redefined in terms of a quasi‐transcendental problematic of alterity; “anthropological difference”, which covers the wholerange of oppositions which at the same time are inseparable from a representation of the “human” and impossible to define as invariable binaries; “equal liberty”, the combination of heterogeneous values which, since Ancient democracies and Modern republican insurrections, has installed the tension of emancipation at the heart of the political institution.
Rethinking Kant's distinction between the beauty of art and the beauty of nature
Authors: Halper Aaron 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper argues that Kant presents two different accounts of beauty, one that applies properly to art and one that applies properly to nature. The judgment of beauty that applies properly to nature can be free and thus judged without concepts. The work of art, however, is judged beautiful when it expresses aesthetic ideas. This distinction then enables me to explain several problematic passages in Kant's text: those that serve to distinguish these two conceptions of beauty from one another as well as those passages in which Kant views them as overlapping. With respect to the latter, I argue that Kant lays especial significance on cases where we apply the conception of artistic beauty to natural objects, as in doing so we view nature as expressing ideas that step beyond nature.
Angiosperm speciation cools down in the tropics
Authors: Igea Javier , Tanentzap Andrew J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRecent evidence has questioned whether the Latitudinal Diversity Gradient (LDG), whereby species richness increases towards the Equator, results in higher rates of speciation in the tropics. Allowing for time heterogeneity in speciation rate estimates for over 60,000 angiosperm species, we found that the LDG does not arise from variation in speciation rates because lineages do not speciate faster in the tropics. These results were consistently retrieved using two other methods to test the association between occupancy of tropical habitats and speciation rates. Our speciation rate estimates were robust to the effects of both undescribed species and missing taxa. Overall, our results show that speciation rates follow an opposite pattern to global variation in species richness. Greater ecological opportunity in the temperate zones, stemming from less saturated communities, higher species turnover or greater environmental change, may ultimately explain these results.
miR‐155 overexpression is followed by downregulation of its target gene, NFE2L2, and altered pattern of VEGFA expression in the liver of melanoma B16‐bearing mice at the premetastatic stage
Authors: Aksenenko Mariya B. , Palkina Nadezhda V. , Sergeeva Olga N. , Yu Sergeeva Ekaterina , Kirichenko Andrey K. , Ruksha Tatiana G. 
Published: February 2020

SummaryMicroRNAs are involved in the control of tumour progression and in metastatic cascade dynamics. However, the role of microRNAs in distant organ reorganization at the premetastatic stage is less clear, although the process of premetastatic niche formation is a crucial event according to modern concepts of tumour dissemination. The role of the present study was to investigate the expression levels of miR‐155, miR‐21, miR‐205 and miR‐let7b, as well as that of their target genes, in target organs of melanoma metastasis at the premetastatic stage. The expression levels of both the pro‐oncogenic miR‐155 and the tumour suppressive miR‐205 were found to be altered in the premetastatic liver of melanoma B16‐bearing mice. Bioinformatics analysis identified the target genes of miR‐155 to be nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (NFE2L2), secretogranin II, miR‐205, semaphorin 5A and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). Among those, the redox status regulatory factor NFE2L2 was downregulated, which corresponded to increased levels of miR‐155. Due to the ability of pro‐oxidative events to initiate angiogenesis, VEGFA levels were evaluated in the premetastatic liver by immunohistochemistry, which revealed increased VEGFA expression in the central parts of the organ and diminished expression in the periphery. Taken together, these findings may support the concept of functional organ reorganization due to melanoma progression.
Scleroderma renal crisis: observations from the South Australian Scleroderma Register
Authors: Khadra Yassmin , Walker Jennifer G. , Hakendorf Paul , Proudman Susanna , Rischmueller Maureen , Hill Catherine L. , Whittle Samuel , Pontifex Eliza , Roberts‐Thomson Peter J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundScleroderma renal crisis (SRC) is a rare but feared complication with high morbidity and mortality. Its aetiopathogenesis is unclear.AimTo investigate epidemiological, serologic and clinical features of all patients with SRC listed on the population‐based South Australian Scleroderma Register and to examine possible factors in aetiopathogenesis.MethodA case note review was performed on all SRC patients with relevant data extracted to determine incidence, clinical phenotype, presence of autoantibodies and survival. Possible precipitating and aetiopathogenic factors were also examined. Data from the South Australian Scleroderma Register and Australia Bureau of Statistics was sourced for comparative purposes.ResultsOver the 34‐year period (1985–2018), 30 patients (21 females, 9 males) presented with SRC giving a South Australian mean annual incidence of 0.58/million/year (95% CI 0.39–0.89). Twenty‐eight of these patients had diffuse cutaneous scleroderma and two with limited cutaneous scleroderma. The mean age at first symptom of scleroderma was 51.2 ± 15.9 (mean ± SD) years with SRC occurring 4.6 years later (median = 3.0 years, range 0.1–20 years). Possible precipitating factors for SRC included high dose steroids in five patients. Twelve patients were anti‐ RNA polymerase3 (RNAPol3) positive and two were anti‐topoisomerase 1 (Topo1) positive. Renal outcome was poor with 13 patients requiring renal replacement therapy and two proceeding to renal transplantation. The mean age at death was 61.2 ± 11.6 years with SRC patient survival being significantly shorter than patients with diffuse scleroderma without renal involvement (P = 0.002). There was no significant difference in survival between the 1985–2002 and the 2003–2018 SRC cohorts (P = 0.2). Nailfold capillaroscopy performed in 10 patients revealed extensive microvascular damage with prominent capillary drop out.ConclusionSRC is a rare occurrence with an incidence of 0.58/million/year in South Australia. This frequency has not changed over time. It continues to have a severe adverse outcome with frequent requirement for renal replacement therapy and poor survival. Nailfold capillaroscopy revealed evidence of extensive capillary damage. No improvement in survival was observed over the 34‐year study period.
A nationwide survey on therapeutic drug monitoring of anti‐tumour necrosis factor agents for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Thomas Pepijn W. A. , Chin Paul K. L. , Barclay Murray L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundRoutine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) during treatment with anti‐tumour necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) agents in inflammatory bowel disease may increase treatment efficacy and cost‐effectiveness, and reduce the risk of loss of response.AimsTo assess the current use of anti‐TNF agent TDM, including trough concentration and anti‐drug antibodies, among gastroenterology practitioners in New Zealand.MethodsA web‐based survey was delivered to gastroenterologists and advanced trainees in New Zealand, identified by the New Zealand Society of Gastroenterology.ResultsThe response rate was 36% (48/134). Adalimumab was the most common initial anti‐TNF agent used (78%, infliximab 22%). Ninety‐three percent of those who completed the survey used TDM, mainly in cases of non‐response or loss or response. Most respondents (93% and 83% for adalimumab and infliximab, respectively) measured trough concentrations within 24 h prior to the next administration. In patients in clinical remission but with endoscopic inflammation on anti‐TNF agents, 72% would measure drug concentrations. In the presence of anti‐drug antibodies, 45% would add an immunomodulator in patients with active disease and 47% would add an immunomodulator in patients in remission. With low trough concentrations, 77% would make no changes if the patient was in remission, and 75% would increase the dose in case of active disease.ConclusionTDM was routinely used among inflammatory bowel disease gastroenterology clinicians who responded to this survey. However, interpretation of results and decision‐making is variable, suggesting more guidance is required.
Recovery training or over‐training? The contribution of TLR10 to monocyte fitness
Authors: Rodgers Lewis , Milling Simon 
Published: February 2020

SummaryThe concept of trained immunity refers to remodelling of the monocyte and macrophage metabolic and epigenetic landscape, conferring an amplified inflammatory response upon secondary stimulation. This effect is typically modelled in vitro by stimulating monocytes with either Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) or β‐Glucan for 24 hr, before subsequent stimulation with LPS or Pam‐3‐Cys (P3C) as a secondary stimulus 6 days later. Here, we focus on a recent paper which interrogated the role of the anti‐inflammatory TLR, TLR10, on trained immunity. Using both an in vitro model of trained immunity, and analysis of BCG vaccinated individuals, the authors interestingly demonstrate that, despite its ability to regulate aspects of innate immunity, TLR10 does not have a significant role in this process.
How different rearing temperatures affect growth and stress status of Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii larvae
Authors: Aidos Lucia , Cafiso Alessandra , Bertotto Daniela , Bazzocchi Chiara , Radaelli Giuseppe , Di Giancamillo Alessia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEnvironmental temperature is one of the critical factors affecting fish development. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of three different rearing temperatures (16, 19 and 22°C) throughout the endogenous feeding phase of the Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii. This was performed by assessing (a) larval survival and growth; (b) immunofluorescence localization and expression of genes involved in muscle development and growth – myog and Igf1; and (c) stress status through the expression of thermal stress genes – Hsp70, Hsp90α and Hsp90β – and whole body cortisol. Overall survival rate and larval weight did not differ significantly across temperatures. Larvae subjected to 22°C showed faster absorption of the yolk‐sac than larvae subjected to 19 or 16°C. Both at schooling and at the end of the trial, larvae reared at 16°C showed significantly lower levels of cortisol than those reared at 19 or 22°C. IGF‐1 immunopositivity was particularly evident in red muscle at schooling stage in all temperatures. The expression of all Hsps as well as the myog and Igf1 genes was statistically higher in larvae reared at 16°C but limited to the schooling stage. Cortisol levels were higher in larvae at 22°C, probably because of the higher metabolism demand rather than a stress response. The observed apparent incongruity between Hsps gene expression and cortisol levels could be due to the lack of a mature system. Further studies are necessary, especially regarding the exogenous feeding phase, in order to better understand if this species is actually sensitive to thermal stress.
Low‐temperature drying characteristics of mint leaves in a continuous‐dehumidified air drying system
Authors: Venkatachalam Suresh Kannan , Thottipalayam Vellingri Arjunan , Selvaraj Vijayan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractLow‐temperature drying seems a better alternative option for drying heat labile products, especially leafy vegetables. In this article, the thin layer drying characteristics of mint leaves are studied using a continuous‐dehumidified air produced by molecular sieve 13X based heatless pressure swing adsorption (PSA) system. The PSA system consists of an air compressor with after cooler, two adsorber towers, and drying chamber. The optimum process parameters of adsorption system are identified through Box Wilson Central Composite experimental design to produce continuous‐dehumidified air suitable for low‐temperature drying applications ranging from 35 to 37°C dry bulb temperature and 0.1% rh. The performance indices of the PSA system such as thermal effectiveness and dehumidification efficiency at optimal conditions are observed as 0.884 and 96.40%, respectively. The effect of the volume flow rate of continuous‐dehumidified air on mint leaves drying characteristics is also studied, and the initial moisture content of leaves is reduced from 83.45% (wb) to less than 10% (wb) in 6 hr at the volume flow rate of 0.160 m3/min. The effective moisture diffusivity value for varied volume flow rates of air is varying from 2.07534 × 10−11 to 3.45817 × 10−11 m2/s. The ascorbic acid retention percentage in dried mint leaves is increased with increase in volume flow rate of dehumidified air, and the maximum of 70.11% is achieved at 0.160 m3/min. Based on the regression analysis, the most suitable drying model to describe the low‐temperature drying characteristics of mint leaves is the Midilli and Kucuk model. It is noted that the low‐temperature drying is the most appropriate drying method for retaining the good amount of ascorbic acid.Practical applications
Highly suitable for heat‐sensitive products' drying especially medicinal herbs, spicy (leafy) vegetables.
Production of continuous‐dehumidified air (with ultra‐low dew point) for sensitive applications like pharmaceutical, lithium battery manufacturing, defense, chemicals, electronics, leather, and so forth.