bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purification and heterologous expression of a novel antifungal protein from Bacillus subtilis strain Z-14
Authors: Zhang Xuechao , Guo Xiaojun , Wu Cuihong , Li Chengcui , Zhang Dongdong , Zhu Baocheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Wheat sheath blight, a soil borne fungal disease caused by Rhizoctonia cerealis, is considered as one of the most serious threats to wheat worldwide. Bacillus subtilis Z-14 was isolated from soil sampled from a wheat rhizosphere and has been confirmed to have strong antifungal activity against R. cerealis. Results: An antifungal protein, termed F2, was isolated from the culture supernatant of Z-14 strain using precipitation with ammonium sulfate, anion exchange chromatography, and reverse phase chromatography. Purified F2 had a molecular mass of approximately 9 kDa, as assessed using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Edman degradation was used to determine the amino acid sequence of the N-terminus, which was NH2-ASGGTVGIYGANMRS. This sequence is identical to a hypothetical protein RBAM_004680 (YP_001420098.1) synthesized by B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42. The recombinant F2 protein (rF2) was heterologously expressed in the yeast host Pichia pastoris, purified using Ni‑affinity column, and demonstrated significant antifungal activity against R. cerealis. The purified rF2 was thermostable, retaining 91.5% of its activity when incubated for 30 min at 100 °C. rF2 maintained its activity under treatment by proteinase K and trypsin.Conclusions: A novel antifungal protein F2 was purified from biocontrol Bacillus subtilis Z-14 strain fermentation supernatant and heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris to certificate the antifungal activity against R. cerealis and the validity of gene sequence of protein F2. Considering its significant antifungal activity and stable characteristics, protein F2 presents an alternative compound to deal with fungal infections caused by R. cerealis.
Confocal laser endomicroscopy under propofol-based sedation for early gastric cancer and pre-cancerous lesions is associated with better diagnosing accuracy: a retrospective cohort study in China
Authors: Chu Lihua , Zhao Jialian , Sheng Cheng , Yue Min , Wang Feifei , Song Shengwen , Fang Xiangming , Cheng Baoli , Xie Guohao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) has advantages in detecting gastric neoplastic lesions, meanwhile it requires strict patient cooperation. Sedation could improve patient cooperation and quality of endoscopy. However, sedation is still not very popular in some resource-limited countries and regions. The purpose of this study was to compare propofol-based sedated versus un-sedated CLE in the value of diagnosing early gastric cancer (EGC) and precancerous lesions.Methods: A retrospective, cohort, single center study of 226 patients who underwent CLE between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2017 was performed.Patients enrolled were allocated into propofol-based sedated group (n=126) and un-sedated group (n=100). The comparison of validity and reliability of CLE for identifying EGC and precancerous lesions between the two groups was performed through analyzing CLE diagnose and pathological diagnose. Results: The area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of diagnosing EGC in sedated group was 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95 to 0.99), which was higher than that in un-sedated group (0.88 (95% CI: 0.80 to 0.97), P =0.0407). CLE with sedation performed better than without sedation in diagnosing intraepithelial neoplasia and intestinal metaplasia (P =0.0008 and P =0.0084, respectively). For patients considered as high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or EGC by endoscopists, they would not get biopsy during CLE but receive ESD subsequently, and the misdiagnosis rate of CLE was 0 in sedated group and 27.59% in un-sedated group (P =0.006).Conclusion: Propofol based sedation was associated with improved diagnostic value of CLE for detecting EGC as well as precancerous lesions.
High Dust Mite specific Immunoglobulin E (sIgE): a Promising Indicator of Allergic Rhinitis to Asthma
Authors: Tang Rui , Lyu Xiaohong , Zhang Yuelun , Chen Shi , Li Hong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: House dust mites are the most prevalent allergens in patients with asthma and/or rhinitis in China. Cross-sectional data in 2009 have shown that allergic rhinitis often preceded or occurred at the same time as asthma in patients which was used to investigate the association of serum specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) levels to house dust mite with the onset of asthma in patients with allergic rhinitis. Methods: 321 patients with allergic rhinitis were face-to-face interviewed and underwent sIgE tests to house dust mite. The temporal sequence of allergic rhinitis and asthma was documented. Univariate analysis, multinomial logistic regression, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were performed. Results: Of the 321 participants, 213 (66.4%) had asthma, which occurred after or simultaneously with rhinitis, and 108 (33.6%) suffered from allergic rhinitis only. After controlling basic parameters, factors correlated to sIgE, and essential factors considered by clinical allergists, the risk of developing asthma always increased with the levels of sIgE to house dust mite in all four models (p < 0.01). In Kaplan–Meier analysis, in the first ten years with allergy rhinitis, a high sIgE level represented a high probability of the coexistence of allergic rhinitis and asthma (p < 0.01). For house dust mite sIgE level 5-6, 5 years Rhinitis-Asthma Conversion Rate (RACR) had reached almost 70%. Conclusion: High-level house dust mite sIgE can exist as an indicator of rhinitis to asthma. It provides a theoretical basis for early intervention in patients with high sIgE levels in order to prevent asthma. This assessment and intervention should be performed at the early stage of rhinitis.
Prevalence Of Glycaemic Variability (GV) And Factors Associated With The Glycaemic Arrays Among End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) Patients On Chronic Haemodialysis.
Authors: Khan Abdul Hanif Khan Yusof , Zakaria Nor Fadhlina , Abidin Muhammad Adil Zainal , Kamaruddin Nor Azmi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Glycaemic variability (GV) or glycaemic fluctuations carries a significant higher risk of diabetic-related complications, especially cardiovascular. Extensive researches have been reported, but study on the end-stage-kidney-disease (ESKD) patients on chronic haemodialysis are scarce. This study aims to determine the magnitude of GV among ESKD (diabetic vs non-diabetic) patients and its associated factors during haemodialysis day (HDD) and non-haemodialysis day (NHDD). Methods: We recruited 150 patients on haemodialysis, 93 patients had diabetic (DM-ESKD), and 57 non-diabetic (NDM-ESKD). The GV indices (standard deviation [SD] and percentage co-efficient variant [%CV]) were obtained from 11-point and 7-point self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) profiles during haemodialysis and non-haemodialysis day. The GV indices and its associated factors were analysed comparing between both groups during the HDD and NHDD. Results: Mean blood glucose during HDD was 9.33 [SD 2.7, %CV 30.6%] mmol/L in DM-ESKD compared to 6.07 [SD 0.85, %CV 21.3%] mmol/L in NDM-ESKD (p =<0.01). The DM-ESKD group experienced significantly higher GV indices compared to NDM-ESKD; both during haemodialysis and non-haemodialysis day, particularly in the group with HbA1c 8-10% (p= <0.01). Presence of diabetes, older age group, hyperlipidaemia, HbA1c, ferritin levels, and albumin were recognised as factors associated with GV. Conclusion: DM-ESKD patients has high glycaemic variability, especially during the haemodialysis day, therefore increasing their chance to develop future devastating complications. We identified high HbA1c, older age group, presence of hyperlipidaemia, ferritin levels, and albumin as factors associated with GV. Since these groups of patients are vulnerable to CVD mortality, urgent attention is needed to rectify it.
Expression of Serum GRP78 and CHOP in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Pathways of Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Ma Ning , Xu Ning , Yin Dong , Zheng Ping , Liu Weiwei , Wang Guofeng , Hui Yuan , Han Guanjun , Yang Chuanhui , Cheng Xingbo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The kidney has a rich endoplasmic reticulum system. A close relationship exists between endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The current study aimed to investigate serum glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) as well as CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) concentrations in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Chinese patients, especially those with microalbuminuria. Methods: We evaluated the relationships between serum GRP78 or CHOP levels and DKD. We recruited 67 patients with T2DM and 63 control subjects. We determined serum GRP78 and CHOP concentrations by ELISA, collected anthropometric data, and measured biochemical parameters in a clinical laboratory. Results: Compared with control groups, Chinese T2DM patients showed decreased serum levels of GRP78 [0.21 (0.16–0.24) vs. 0.16 (0.16–0.19) ng/mL, p < 0.01] and CHOP [3.8 (3.0–5.5) vs. 5.5 (3.7–7.9) ng/mL, p < 0.01]. Reduction in GRP78 and CHOP serum levels was more pronounced in patients with more severe categories of microalbuminuria. Amounts of serum GRP78 correlated directly with serum fasting c-peptide, cystatin-c (cys-c), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and uric acid, and inversely with glomerular filtration rates. Serum CHOP level was positively correlated with age, Cr, BUN, cys-c, urinary microalbumin/creatinine (UmALB/Cr), and eGFR. Serum GRP78 was predicted independently by Cr, BUN, serum uric acid, eGFR, and cys-c, while CHOP depended on age, Cr, BUN, serum uric acid, eGFR, UmALB/Cr, and cys-c. After controlling for confounding factors, GRP78 and CHOP expression was significantly associated with DKD (binary logistic regression, p < 0.01). Conclusions: T2DM patients showed increased serum GRP78 and CHOP concentrations. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) areas under the curve for predicting DKD based on GRP78 and CHOP were 0.686 [95% CI: 0.558–0.813] and 0.670[0.524–0.816], respectively.
Infertility policy analysis: a comparative study of selected low-middle-and high-income countries
Authors: Morshed-Behbahani Bahar , lamyian minoor , Joulaei Hassan , Rashidi Batool Hossein , Montazeri Ali 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Infertility has recently become a salient but neglected global issue. Policies to address the sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) are vital, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Hence, the aim of this study was to compare the national infertility policies in the selected countries (LMICs comparing with high-income) to determine gaps or to confirm desirable policies in the given health systems.

Methods

This study has executed a comparative policy analysis of infertility services using the universal health coverage framework (financial protection, population coverage, and service features) in three scopes (prevention, treatment, and supportive care). Seven countries that had infertility programs in their health sectors were selected.

Results

The results showed that financial protection was good in high and middle-income countries, but in a low income, and in one high-income country was poor. The findings also showed that health systems in the same countries had no infertility services for men. Preventive and supportive care services were neglected in LMICs by governments.

Discussion

The findings indicate that income is not the only factor that fulfills universal health coverage for infertility care services. Perhaps to achieve equity in infertility care services, it should be seen as a universal human right to accomplish the right to have a child and to have a life with physical and mental health for all men and women.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of SuperPATH approach in hip arthroplasty
Authors: Ge Yanzhi , Zhou Li , Chen Zuxiang , Li Ting , Tong Peijian , Shan Letian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare the clinical and radiographic results of supercapsular percutaneously assisted total hip (SuperPATH) approach and conventional approach by systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: Based on a pre-published protocol (PROSPERO CRD42020177717), we systematically retrieved databases from Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Knowledge for relevant literatures from the earliest available date to May 30, 2020. No language restriction was applied. RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform the meta-analysis. The methodological qualities were assessed using the guidelines provided by the Cochrane Collaboration for Systematic Reviews. Two reviewers were independently extracted data from all eligible studies, including types of studies, participants, interventions, and outcomes. Randomized or fixed-effect models were used to calculate the weighted mean difference (WMD), odds ratio (OR) for continuous and dichotomous variables, respectively.Results: 6 articles were included in the study and 526 patients were selected, which was including 233 cases in the SuperPATH groups, 279 cases in the conventional groups and 4 cases performed two surgeries in succession. The SuperPATH group demonstrated shorter incision length (WMD = - 7.87, 95 % CI - 10.05 to - 5.69, P < 0.00001), decreased blood transfusion rate (OR = 0.48, 95 % CI 0.25 to 0.89, P = 0.02), decreased visual analogue scale (VAS) (WMD = -0.40, 95 % CI - 0.72 to - 0.08, P = 0.03) and higher Harris hip score (HHS) (WMD = 1.98, 95 % CI 0.18 to 3.77, P = 0.0002) than those in the conventional group. However, there was no difference in VAS and HHS between the two groups half a year later. There was no significant difference in the acetabular abduction angle (WMD = - 1.32, P = 0.32) in either group. Conclusions: SuperPATH minimally invasive approach with its reduced tissue damage, quick postoperative recovery and early rehabilitation demonstrates the short-term advantages of hip arthroplasty. However, the evidence for SuperPATH technique was limited in the number of studies and short duration of follow-up, so long-term results still need further analysis.
Risk factors for implant failure of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA –II) in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures (AO/OTA 31 A1 and A2)
Authors: Nie Shaobo , Ji Hui , li ming , yang di , Qi Yeqing , lei mingxing , tang peifu , zhang zhuo , Zhang Licheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Intertrochanteric fracture is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. The results of postoperative implant failure are catastrophic. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for implant failure in intertrochanteric fractures treated with proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA–II) through the assessment of early therapeutic effects.
Methods

A single-center retrospective study was conducted on a continuous series of 123 intertrochanteric fracture patients treated with PFNA-II between Dec 2018 and Oct 2019. Perioperative medical and imaging data were collected. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether implant failure of not. The differences in reduction quality, nail length and tip apex distance (TAD) were analyzed to determine the risk factors of implant failure.
Results

A total of 80 patients were enrolled, with an average age of 80.2 years old. There were 6 patients with implant failure. There was no significant difference in demographic index between the two groups. The reduction quality of failure group was good, accept and poor with each 2 patients, and that of the non-failure group was 35, 35 and 4 patients respectively. The difference of reduction quality between the two groups was statistically significant. The risk of postoperative implant failure in patients with poor reduction quality was 8.75 times that of patients with good and acceptable reduction from the Logistic regression analysis(OR = 8.75,95%CI 1.215–62.99). The differences in nail length, ASA and bone quality were not statistically significant.
Conclusion

Reduction quality is a risk factor of implant failure in intertrochanteric fractures treated with PFNA-II. Even if the medial femoral cortex is anatomically reduced, there will be a triangular void area between the nail and the medial femur, which are prone to coxa vara and implant failure. Therefore, good reduction is the key to treat intertrochanteric fracture.
Natural compound rhein suppresses colorectal cancer cells growth through mTOR/p70S6 kinase pathway in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zhang Haibo , Park Song , Huang Hai , Yi Jun koo , Park Sijun , Kwon Wookbong , Kim Eungyung , Jang Soyoung , Kim Siyong , Choi Seongkyoon , Kim Sung-Hyun , Liu Kangdong , Dong Zigang , Ryoo Zae Young , Kim Myoung Ok 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Rhein is a natural agent isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb, which has been used as a medicine in China since ancient times. Although rhein was found to have significant anticancer effects in different cancer models, the effect and the underlying mechanisms of action of rhein in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. The mTOR/p70S6 kinase (p70S6K) pathway has been demonstrated as an attractive target for developing novel cancer therapeutics.Methods: The human CRC cell lines HCT116, HCT15, and DLD1 and xenograft mice were used in this study to investigate the effects of rhein. Assessments of cellular morphology, cell proliferation, and anchorage-independent colony formation were performed to examine the effects of rhein on cell growth. Wound healing assay and transwell migration and invasion assay were conducted to detect cell migration and invasion. Cell cycle and apoptosis were investigated by flow cytometry and verified by immunoblotting. Tissue microarray was used to detect mTOR expression in patients with CRC. Gene overexpression and knockdown were implemented to analyze the function of mTOR in CRC. The in vivo effect of rhein was assessed in a xenograft mouse model.Results: Rhein significantly inhibited CRC cell growth by inducing S phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. It also inhibited CRC cell migration and invasion ability through EMT process. mTOR was highly expression in CRC cancer tissues and cells exhibited high mTOR expression. Overexpression of mTOR promoted cell growth, migration, and invasion ability, whereas mTOR knockdown diminished these phenomena of CRC cells in vitro. Moreover, rhein directly targeted mTOR and suppressed the mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway in CRC cells. Intraperitoneal administration of rhein inhibited CRC cell HCT116 xenograft tumor growth through the mTOR/p70S6K pathway.Conclusions: Rhein exerted anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo through directly targeting mTOR and inhibiting mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. These data indicate that rhein is a potent anticancer agent that could be useful for the prevention or treatment of CRC.
AVALIAÇÃO DE METODOLOGIA DE ESTIMATIVA DE PRODUTIVIDADE DE SOJA POR MEIO DE AERONAVE NÃO TRIPULADA E TÉCNICA DE APRENDIZADO DE MÁQUINA BASEADA EM REGRESSÃO
Authors: Prestes Christopher Djonny Pereira , Guimarães Alaine Margarete , Zampier David Patrick , Gabardo Gislaine , Caires Eduardo Fávero , Asato Bruno Ricardo 
Published: July 2020

O uso de índices de vegetação (VI) em um ambiente adequado pode favorecer a identificação de diferentes tipos de vegetação e a detecção de informações relacionadas a uma cultura, como a estimativa de produtividade. Esta estimativa é especialmente importante quando realizada nos estágios iniciais da cultura permitindo obter informações relevantes que contribuam para aumentar a eficiência em seu desenvolvimento. Considerando a complexidade de cada ambiente e os desafios de determinar o IV mais adequado, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar uma nova metodologia para estimar os dados de produtividade da soja. A metodologia proposta baseia-se em imagens obtidas por meio de veículos aéreos não tripulados (VANT) e técnicas de aprendizado de máquina. Foram aplicados algoritmos de regressão nos dados espectrais extraídos de imagens com resolução de 15 cm / pixel obtidas com câmeras RGB e NIR acopladas no VANT. Como resultado, o Índice de Resistência Atmosférica Visível (VARI) baseado em RGB apresentou os melhores valores de correlação entre os cinco IVs avaliados. No entanto, o uso dos canais RGB com seus valores originais sem a realização de combinações entre eles apresentou o melhor resultado em relação a todos os índices avaliados. O fato de todos os testes mostrarem que os valores das bandas RGB apresentam maior correlação com a produtividade da soja apresentam uma importante contribuição, demonstrando que uma câmera de menor custo pode ser usada para fornecer maior eficiência.
Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of Essential Oils of Echinops spinosus and Carlina vulgaris Rich in Polyacetylene Compounds
Authors: Belabbes Rania , Mami Imane R. , Dib Mohammed E.A. , Mejdoub Kenza , Tabti Boufeldja , Costa Jean , Muselli Alain 
Published: July 2020

Background:
The essential oils of aromatic plants are increasingly used as new biocontrol
alternative agents against microbial strains and insect pests of fruits and vegetables, because
of their specificity of biodegradable nature.

Objective:
This work, treats for the first time the chemical composition, antioxidant, antifungal and
insecticidal activities of the essential oils obtained from Echinops spinosus and Carlina vulgaris
from Algeria.

Methods:
The chemical compositions of oils were investigated using GC-FID and GC/MS. Antioxidant
activity was assessed using three methods (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, Ferric-Reducing Antioxidant
Power (FRAP) and β-carotene assay). Fumigation toxicity of E. spinosus and C. vulgaris
essential oils was tested against Bactrocera oleae pests of olives.

Results:
Eighteen and thirteen components representing 95.4 and 97.9% were identified in root essential
oils from Echinops spinosus and Carlina vulgaris, respectively. Polyacetylenes were the majority
compounds of essential oils. 5 (But-1-yn-3-enyl).2,2'bithiophene and α-terthienyle were highly
dominants in the E. spinosus essential oil from the roots (54.4 and 26.3%, respectively). Roots of
C. vulgaris produce an essential oil dominated by carlina oxide (33.7%) and 13-methoxy carlina oxide
(11.5%). Comparison of the antioxidant activity of E. spinosus essential oil showed more important
antioxidant effect than C. vulgaris essential oil and the synthetic antioxidant (BHT). Evaluation
of the antifungal activity showed an interesting efficiency of both essential oils against
P. expansum and A. niger with EC50s varied from 5 to 14.5 mg/L. C. arvensis essential oil exhibited
good larvicidal properties. At the concentration of 325 μL/L air, the oil caused mortality of 100% for
Bactrocera Oleae adults after 24 h of exposure.

Conclusion:
Both essential oils rich to polyacetylenes and polythiophenes.components have shown
interesting biological activities, which suggests that plants have the potential to be used as biopesticides
and provide an alternative to chemical pesticides.