bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation currents applied at different frequencies on post-needling soreness
Authors: J. Gascón Jaén , EJ Poveda Pagán , A. Martín-Pintado Zugasti 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background and Aims Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (PENS) is a type of current which is frequently used for post-needling soreness. However, to date, no studies have compared the different frequencies available for reducing post-needling soreness. The aim of this study was to research the immediate and short-term effects of the PENS current at 2 Hz frequency compared to PENS at 1000 Hz frequency applied after dry needling on post-needling soreness, disability associated with post-needling soreness and the pain pressure threshold (PPT) in latent myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) of the upper trapezius.
Material and Methods An experimental double-blind non-controlled study. In total, 23 subjects without pain and with latent MTrPs in the upper trapezius participated in the study. Dry needling was performed, until the disappearance of local twitch responses. After randomization, 11 subjects received PENS at 100 Hz, whereas 12 received PENS at 2 Hz. The current was applied during 15 minutes, the duration of the current pulse was 100 microseconds. The main variable used was the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to evaluate post-needling pain. The Neck Disability Index (NDI) and the PPT were secondary variables. The patient completed a diary on post-needling soreness in the hours following the intervention. A follow-up of the study variables was performed at 24 hours, 72 hours and one week after performing the intervention.
Results Statistically significant differences were obtained between both groups in post-needling soreness immediately after the intervention (P = 0.002) and at 5 minutes (P = 0.03) in favor of the high frequency group. No differences were found in any of the follow-up periods and the pain disappeared in all subjects before 72 hours. Regarding the PPT, no significant differences were found between both groups. However, the group who received high frequency returned to their baseline conditions at 24 hours, whereas those who received low frequency returned to baseline conditions at 72 hours. All the subjects increased their PPT one week after receiving the intervention (P < 0.05), nonetheless, they did not reach the minimum detectable change. No significant differences were found between groups according to the NDI.
Conclusion The application of high frequency PENS after dry needling is more effective than low frequency PENS to reduce post-needling soreness in the short term in patients with latent MTrPs in the sample under study. No differences were found between groups regarding disability or the PPT. Our results are limited, future studies are required to establish the optimal frequency for reducing post-needling soreness.
Effectiveness of joint mobilization and dry needling in myofascial pain syndrome with neck pain
Authors: S. Martín Pérez , J. Montaño Ocaña , C. Barragán Carballar , H. Arribas Pérez 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background and Aim Almost 70% of the population has suffered from cervical pain of a mechanical origin (CPM) at some point in their life. In myofascial pain syndrome (MPS), besides the zygapophyseal joint, the myofascial trigger point (MTrP) is involved as the main source of CPM. Manual therapy (MT) based on joint mobilization (JM) in combination with dry needling (DN), are the most used treatments in these patients.
Aims 1) To compare the pain and range of motion (ROM) between the MT interventions using JM and deep DN and MT using JM and sham DN in patients with CPM and activation of MTrP 2 of the upper trapezius (UT). 2) To assess the changes in the active cervical ROM, pain pressure threshold (PPT), intensity of pain at rest and with movement (measured using the Visual Analog Scale) and post-needling soreness in these patients.
Material and Methods An experimental, double blind randomized pilot study in which the effects produced by the interventions were compared among two groups: a first group (n = 5) received a treatment based on sham DN of the UT and MT using JM of C2 and a second group (n = 6) who received deep DN of the MTrP 2 of the UT and the same mobilization technique. Three prospective measurements were performed: pre-intervention, post-intervention and follow-up (1 month after the post-intervention measurement).
Results 11 subjects participated in this study (7 women and 4 men; mean age: 49.9 ±  10.8 years) who completed both the four interventions (1 session/week) as well as the follow-up. According to the PPT, measured on the MTrP 2 of the UT, none of the two groups presented clinically significant changes, and only 3 patients presented increases beyond the MDC (MDC) in the follow-up measurement (1.11 kg/cm2). Regarding the VAS measured at rest, only the first group (sham DN) obtained a clinically significant post intervention improvement (56%) and at follow-up (150%). The VAS in response to movement decreased significantly with treatment in both groups for all movement planes and axes; however, the active cervical ROM did not display significant changes in any of the two groups; lastly, the mean, maximum and minimum values of post-needling soreness in the group with placebo DN were lesser to those of the group who received the real deep DN technique, for the entire treatment.
Conclusion Deep DN combined with MT improved the intensity of pain in response to cervical movement, whereas sham dry needling combined with MT caused a greater decrease of intensity at rest. Although both techniques are similar for improving active cervical ROM, sham DN combined with MT increased post-needling soreness both during treatment as well as at follow-up. Further research is necessary to deepen our information of the effects of the combination of these two techniques in the treatment of MPS.
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous neuromodulation in chronic lateral elbow pain
Authors: B. De la Cruz-Torres 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Lateral epicondylalgia (LE), also known as tennis elbow, refers to a painful condition around the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and the common extensor tendon, which worsens with dorsiflexion and/or wrist supination against resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided percutaneous neuromodulation (PNM) applied to the radial nerve in relation to pain, functionality, electrophysiological excitation and the morphology of the nerve in patients with chronic lateral epicondylalgia.
Material and Methods A randomized clinical trial was performed. In total, 28 patients (15 women, 13 men) with chronic unilateral LE were randomly divided into two groups: a control group (CG = 12) who did not receive any treatment and an experimental group (PNM = 16) who received a weekly session during three weeks of ultrasound-guided PNM on the affected radial nerve. Concretely, the therapy consisted of the application of an asymmetric biphasic current on the symptomatic side, with a frequency of 10 Hz, a phase duration of 250 microseconds, and sufficient current intensity to observe a contraction in the forearm during 1.5 minutes. The variables analyzed were: pain, measured via the visual analog scale (VAS); functionality, measured using the Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE); the morphology of the nerve with the calculation of the cross-sectional area (CSA) and the electrophysiological excitability with the intensity-time curve (accommodation coefficient) of the radial nerve studied
Results There were no differences between the two groups in the initial assessment regarding pain, functionality and nerve morphology (all comparisons obtained a p > 0.05). However, at the end of the study, the groups were significantly different. After treatment, there were significant differences in all variables: for the VAS (p < 0.001) with a large effect size (d > 0.8); for all values of the PRTEE (p < 0.001) the effect size was median (d > 0.5) and for the CSA (p = 0.001) the effect size was large (d > 0.8). Only the PNM group displayed significant increases in their values compared to the initial assessment, with a large effect size for all variables (d > 0.8). Regarding the accommodation coefficient, 75% of patients (12/16) displayed hypoexcitability of the nerve in the PNM group and 64% of patients (8/12) in the CG at the beginning of the study. After treatment, only the PNM group showed significant improvements in the pattern of excitability of the radial nerve, reaching normal nerve function in all subjects (p < 0.001).
Conclusion Ultrasound-guided PNM leads to a decrease in pain and CSA of the radial nerve; furthermore, it produces an increased functionality of the elbow and normalization of the electrophysiological excitability of the affected radial nerve. Ultrasound-guided PNM appears to be an appropriate tool for the treatment of patients with chronic LE.
Effects of ultrasound-guided percutaneus neuromodulation in chronic shoulder pain in the hemiplegic patient. A case series
Authors: A. Ventero Gómez , M. Martín-Macho Martínez , M. Carrió Font , A. Martín Buigues 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background and Aims Hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) is a very common complaint among patients affected with cerebrovascular accident (CVA). This type of pathology is related with a neuropathic type of pain. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous neuromodulation (US-guided PNM) is a physical therapy technique consisting of low-frequency electric stimulation of peripheral nerves via an acupuncture needle under ultrasound guidance. Because of the relationship between the suprascapular and axillary nerves with the shoulder joint, these represent the target structure for US-guided PNM. This study aimed to observe the effects of the application of US-guided PNM in HSP and to evaluate the possible changes in variables such as pain, functionality and quality of life of patients.
Material and Methods This study was a case series. Patients with HSP were selected between the months of April and June 2018 in the Hospital of Denia. Seven patients were interviewed, after which the experimental group was reduced to five participants. These patients received weekly PNM treatment during three weeks. The parameters used were: frequency (10Hz), pulse width (250 μs), intensity (pain threshold) and time (10 min). The main clinical variables examined were pain, measured using the VAS scale, functionality, via the SPADI scale and physical and mental components of quality of life using the SF12 scale.
Results The results of the VAS scale, expressed as the mean (SD) was 7.2 (1.3) pre-intervention; 3.6 (0.89) post-intervention week 3; and 4 (1.23) post intervention week 5. The results revealed significant changes in the VAS scale which continued until week 5 (p < 0.05). The mean obtained in the SPADI scale, expressed as the mean (SD) was 72.4 (1.3) pre-intervention, 55.7 (19.72) post-intervention in week 3 and 59.8 (20.66) post intervention week 5. The changes observed between the pre-intervention sample and the measurements obtained in week 3 and 5 were significant (p < 0.05).
Conclusions The US-guided PNM technique was effective in the sample under study for improvement of the patient's sensation of pain. The US-guided PNM technique improves functionality of HSP, as well as the emotional status of patients.
Liberation of the interleukin-1 beta in macrophages stimulated using galvanic current
Authors: F. Medina i Mirapeix , P. Pelegrin Vivancos , JA García Vidal , P. Escolar Reina 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction and Aims Percutaneous needle electrolysis (PNE) is a therapeutic tool which has demonstrated its effectiveness for the treatment of tendinopathies and muscle problems. However, there is a scarcity of basic and fundamental information directed at getting to know the effects of the same on the molecular level. The aim of the present study was to confirm whether, after the use of galvanic current on macrophages in culture, there is a liberation of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Material and Methods Using a special device designed for cellular cultures (Physio Invasiva® device, PRIM), two impacts were applied with a current intensity of 3 mA during two seconds to differentiated cell macrophage cell cultures of C57/BL6 mice of the bone marrow and previously stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharides (1 μg/ml, 4h). Once the currents were applied, the macrophages were incubated 16h and subsequently, the amount of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b) was determined in the supernatant of lactate dehydrogenase.
Results The application of the galvanic current resulted in the liberation of IL-1b, without an increase in cell death. The Western blot study demonstrated that the IL-1b that is liberated corresponds with the mature form of 17 kDa of this cytokine, therefore we speculate that the galvanic current may induce the activation of the inflammatory caspase, caspase-1, via the formation of inflammasomes.
Conclusions The data obtained suggest that the liberation of IL-1b may regulate the inflammatory and therapeutic effects of the galvanic current.
Nutritional Profile of Patients in Hemodialysis of the Hospital Universitário Ciências Médicas - Minas Gerais
Authors: Machado Renata Silva , Pessoa Bruno Porto , Lima Patricia Vasconcelos , Costa Glauber Adriano Rodrigues , Giancott Frenanda Amaral , Alves Thiago Abramo , Soares Renata Peluso , Nogueira Adalberto Fernades 
Published: December 2019

Resumo
Objetivos Avaliar o estado nutricional dos pacientes em hemodiálise (HD).
Métodos Estudo transversal realizado em todos os pacientes em HD de um único centro.
Resultados Foram estudados 72 pacientes, sexo masculino (57%) e 45,8% entre 45 e 64 anos. A etiologia mais frequente foi hipertensão arterial sistêmica (50,0%) e diabetes (20,8%). O teste de depuração fracional da ureia (KT/V) > 1,2 foi encontrado em 88,8% dos pacientes, e nível de fósforo > 5,5 mg/dL em 25%. Os desnutridos classificados pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC) < 25 Kg/m2 (66,67%), índice de circunferência muscular do braço (CMB) (84,72%) e albumina (≤ 4,0 g/dL) (28,8%), sendo que 22,22% utilizam suplemento nutricional oral específico para paciente dialítico hiperproteico hipercalórico, fornecido pelo serviço de hemodiálise. O ganho de peso interdialítico médio (GPIDm) foi < 2,5kg em 58,3%, e o ganho de peso interdialítico relativo (GPIDr) foi < 4,5% em 75,0% dos pacientes. Houve associação significativa entre o GPIDm e a CMB, pacientes com menor GPIDm (≤ 2,5 Kg) tendem a ter mais desnutrição leve ou moderada (p = 0,003). Não foram observadas diferenças por tempo em hemodiálise em relação à idade, ganho de peso interdialítico, medidas laboratoriais e antropométricas.
Conclusão A avaliação nutricional pelo IMC esteve de acordo com a literatura brasileira. Pela CMB, a maioria foi classificada como desnutridos, o que difere da albumina, pela qual apenas ∼ 30% eram desnutridos. Os resultados mostram a importância da suplementação para esse público. Vimos que > 75% dos pacientes estão dentro do GPIDr ideal (< 4,5% do peso seco). O tempo de diálise não afetou os parâmetros de avaliação nutricional.
Evaluation of the Scopinaro Modified Technique in the Surgical Treatment of Obesity Compared to the Classic Scopinaro Surgery – Results after an 18-Month Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: de Melo Paulo Reis Esselin , Braga Thonya Cruz , de Moura Neusa Dias , Gonçalves Junior João Carlos , de Oliveira Marcos Vinicius Macedo , Gava-Brandolis Marcella Giovana , Homar Dimitri Gabriel 
Published: December 2019

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar se a cirurgia de Scopinaro modificada é tão eficaz e segura quanto a cirurgia de Scopinaro clássica para reduzir o excesso de peso, controlar as comorbidades, e avaliar o surgimento de intercorrências clínicas e nutricionais, caso elas ocorram.
Métodos O estudo teve 28 participantes obesos, que foram randomizados para a realização de um dos procedimentos cirúrgicos, e acompanhados por uma equipe multiprofissional em saúde para avaliar o impacto das cirurgias no tratamento da obesidade. Foram observadas as seguintes variáveis: comorbidades, e intercorrências clínicas e nutricionais. O protocolo de pesquisa foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa das Faculdades Integradas Pitágoras de Montes Claros (CAAE 26919414.9.0000.5109). Todos os participantes da pesquisa assinaram o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido.
Resultados A média do índice de massa corporal (IMC) pré-cirurgia do grupo Scopinaro clássica e do grupo Scopinaro modificada foi de, respectivamente, 46,89 kg/m2 e 43,22 kg/m2. Após 540 dias da realização das cirurgias, esses valores foram reduzidos para 32,16 kg/m2 e 28,79 kg/m2. A avaliação da porcentagem de IMC perdido (percentage of excess body mass index lost, %EBL, em inglês) no período comprovou o sucesso cirúrgico, com valores de 67,33% para a cirurgia de Scopinaro clássica, e de 80,37% para a cirurgia de Scopinaro modificada. Ocorreu controle das comorbidades, bem como melhora geral do quadro laboratorial para a maioria dos participantes submetidos a quaisquer das duas técnicas. Flatulência e diarreia constituíram as intercorrências clínicas predominantemente encontradas em ambos procedimentos.
Conclusão A cirurgia de Scopinaro modificada mostrou-se tão eficaz e segura quanto a cirurgia de Scopinaro clássica na redução de peso e controle das comorbidades, apresentando ainda a possibilidade de acesso endoscópio a todo o estômago e duodeno, reversibilidade cirúrgica, e conversão em outro procedimento cirúrgico.
Morpho-textural changes of the patellar tendon in professional volleyball players: a six month longitudinal study
Authors: A. de Groot Ferrando 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction Tendinopathy is a term used to describe a clinical presentation of pain and dysfunction, which, at times, is accompanied by pathologic structural changes in the tendon matrix. Jumper's knee has been studied for some time, however the etiology is still unknown. The deep fibers of the proximal region are the most affected area in tendinopathies affecting the patellar tendon. Ultrasound (US) scanning may have the greatest sensitivity for confirming clinically diagnosed patellar tendinopathy compared with other imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance. Some studies have found that a minimum of six months is required to observe significant structural changes, although other studies reveal that structural changes can be visible in a shorter period of time. Thus, sonography has been used to evaluate quantitative variables such as thickness, echogenicity, texture measures and the internal tendon matrix.
Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sonographic behavior of morpho-textural changes of the patellar tendon in professional male volleyball players over a one year season.
Material and Methods This is an observational, longitudinal and analytical study. A sample of 66 patellar tendons from 33 volleyball players of the Spanish super league was recruited, with an average of: 28 years, 86kg and 192cm. An ultrasound scan was performed using the Sonosite Titan ultrasound system, L38, 5–10 MHz, with a cross section of 5mm from the lower pole of the patella. Two depths were analyzed: a.39mm: echogenicity, echogenicity variation, circularity, width and thickness. b.24mm: entropy and contrast. Statistical analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for repeated measures and, in addition, the effect size was calculated with Cohen's d. The confidence interval was 95%. SPSS Statistics software was used.
Results For textural variables: contrast increased significantly with an average effect size, and entropy showed no significant difference. Circularity was significantly lower. Width was shown to be significantly greater, with an average effect size, while thickness was reduced significantly. Regarding echogenicity, no significant changes were detected and variation in echogenicity did not show significant changes.
Conclusions Imaging analysis could be a potential tool to detect changes in the pattern of patellar tendons. Some morpho-textural changes were found in male volleyball players: the textural contrast variable increases significantly throughout the annual season, meaning that the tendon becomes slightly flatter and loses circularity in its transverse section. The entropy and echogenic parameters obtained from the gray-scale histogram did not reveal any significant changes.
HLAand autoantibodies define scleroderma subtypes and risk in African and European Americans and suggest a role for molecular mimicry
Authors: Gourh Pravitt , Safran Sarah A. , Alexander Theresa , Boyden Steven E. , Morgan Nadia D. , Shah Ami A. , Mayes Maureen D. , Doumatey Ayo , Bentley Amy R. , Shriner Daniel , Domsic Robyn T. , Medsger Thomas A. , Ramos Paula S. , Silver Richard M. , Steen Virginia D. , Varga John , Hsu Vivien , Saketkoo Lesley Ann , Schiopu Elena , Khanna Dinesh , Gordon Jessica K. , Kron Brynn , Criswell Lindsey A. , Gladue Heather , Derk Chris T. , Bernstein Elana J. , Bridges S. Louis , Shanmugam Victoria K. , Kolstad Kathleen D. , Chung Lorinda , Kafaja Suzanne , Jan Reem , Trojanowski Marcin , Goldberg Avram , Korman Benjamin D. , Steinbach Peter J. , Chandrasekharappa Settara C. , Mullikin James C. , Adeyemo Adebowale , Rotimi Charles , Wigley Fredrick M. , Kastner Daniel L. , Boin Francesco , Remmers Elaine F. 
Published: December 2019

SignificanceHLAalleles have previously been implicated with scleroderma risk, but, in this study, using a European American ancestral cohort and a newly recruited large cohort of African Americans, we comprehensively define theHLAalleles and amino acid residues associated with scleroderma. Scleroderma is characterized by mutually exclusive and specific autoantibodies. We demonstrated ancestry-predominantHLAalleles that were much more strongly associated with autoantibody subsets of scleroderma than with the overall risk of SSc. We bioinformatically predicted immunodominant peptides of self-antigens and demonstrated homology of these peptides with viral protein sequences from Mimiviridae and Phycodnaviridae families. Our findings suggest the hypothesis that scleroderma-specific autoantibodies may arise through molecular mimicry, driven by the interaction of specific viral antigens with corresponding HLAα/βheterodimers.
Mycobacterial HflX is a ribosome splitting factor that mediates antibiotic resistance
Authors: Rudra Paulami , Hurst-Hess Kelley R. , Cotten Katherine L. , Partida-Miranda Andrea , Ghosh Pallavi 
Published: December 2019

SignificanceTheerm41gene is considered the primary mechanism of intrinsic resistance to macrolides inMycobacterium abscessus. Here we demonstrate that thehflXgene plays a significant and equally important role aserm41. We further describe an unusual mechanism of resistance to macrolide-lincosamide antibiotics mediated by the mycobacterial HflX that likely involves the dissociation of antibiotic-stalled ribosomes. An understanding of the various mechanisms employed by bacteria for resistance to an antibiotic is critical in predicting an effective therapeutic regimen against a pathogenic isolate, and can also inform the development of novel drugs.
Rhythmic swaying induced by sound in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Authors: Hattori Yuko , Tomonaga Masaki 
Published: December 2019

SignificanceIn humans, listening to music induces rhythmic movement, suggesting a close connection between the auditory and motor areas in the brain. Sound also induces rhythmic swaying in chimpanzees. Male chimpanzees are more responsive to sound than female chimpanzees, consistent with previous research on acoustic communication in their patriarchal societies. We also found an effect of beat tempo on movement periodicity and tendency to seek the sound. These results suggest that prerequisites for music and dance are deeply rooted and existed in the common ancestor shared by humans and chimpanzees, approximately 6 million years ago.