bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A generalized machine learning‐based model for the detection of DDoS attacks
Authors: Marvi Murk , Arfeen Asad , Uddin Riaz 
Published: December 2020

SummaryAs time is progressing, the number and the complexity of methods adopted for launching distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks are changing. Therefore, we propose a methodology for the development of a generalized machine learning (ML)‐based model for the detection of DDoS attacks. After exploring various attributes of the dataset chosen for this study, we propose an integrated feature selection (IFS) method which consists of three stages and integration of two different methods, that is, filter and embedded methods to select features which highly contribute to the detection of various types of DDoS attacks. We use light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) algorithm for training of the model for classification of benign and malicious flows. For ensuring satisfactory performance and generalized behavior of the developed model, we test it by passing records of unseen DDoS attack types. Several performance metrics are employed for the evaluation of the model. By comparing the performance of developed model against state‐of‐the‐art models, we state an improvement of around 20% for almost all the reported metrics. We also show that the performance of the model improves if feature space is reduced by 77%. Furthermore, the generalized behavior of the developed model is justified by demonstrating a trade‐off between high variance and high bias ML models.
On the nondifferentiable exact solutions to Schamel's equation with local fractional derivative on Cantor sets
Authors: Ghanbari Behzad 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe various aspects of differential calculus are always on the path to progress and excellence, and these trends have been more highlighted in recent decades. More specifically, tremendous advances have been made in the field of fractional calculus. One of the main branches in this field is the local fractional derivative, which has been used successfully to describe many real‐world phenomena in science, and engineering. The present contribution aims to adopt a newly proposed analytical technique to construct exact solutions to local fractional Schamel's equation defined on Cantor sets. To this end, a set of elementary functions are constructed on Cantor sets is defined. Furthermore, the combination of these modified functions is utilized to constitute a formal representation of the searched exact solution for the equation. Numerical simulations related to some of the obtained solutions are also included. The acquired results confirm that the method used is not only very straightforward but also efficient in terms of application. In order to perform complicated and tedious calculations while solving this problem, the use of a symbolic computational packages in Maple or Mathematica is inevitable. The work emphasizes the power of the employed method in providing various exact solutions to different physical problems involving local fractional derivatives.
LCC18, a benzamide‐linked small molecule, ameliorates IgA nephropathy in mice
Authors: Yang Shin‐Ruen , Hua Kuo‐Feng , Takahata Akiko , Wu Chung‐Yao , Hsieh Chih‐Yu , Chiu Hsiao‐Wen , Chen Cheng‐Hsu , Mukhopadhyay Debabrata , Suzuki Yusuke , Ka Shuk‐Man , Huang Hsu‐Shan , Chen Ann 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIgA nephropathy (IgAN), an immune complex‐mediated process and the most common primary glomerulonephritis, can progress to end‐stage renal disease in up to 40% of patients. Accordingly, a therapeutic strategy targeting a specific molecular pathway is urgently warranted. Aided by structure characterisation and target identification, we predicted that a novel ring‐fused 6‐(2,4‐difluorophenyl)‐3‐(3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)‐2H‐benzo[e][1,3]oxazine‐2,4(3H)‐dione (LCC18) targets the NLRP3 inflammasome, which participates in IgAN pathogenesis. We further developed biomarkers for the disease. We used two complementary IgAN models in C57BL/6 mice, involving TEPC‐15 hybridoma‐derived IgA, and in gddY mice. Moreover, we created specific cell models to validate therapeutic effects of LCC18 on IgAN and to explain its underlying mechanisms. IgAN mice benefited significantly from treatment with LCC18, showing dramatically improved renal function, including greatly reduced proteinuria and renal pathology. Mechanistic studies showed that the mode of action specifically involved: (1) blocking of the MAPKs/COX‐2 axis‐mediated priming of the NLRP3 inflammasome; (2) inhibition of ASC oligomerisation and NLRP3 inflammasome assembly by inhibiting NLRP3 binding to PKR, NEK7 and ASC; and (3) activation of autophagy. LCC18 exerts therapeutic effects on murine IgAN by differentially regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation and autophagy induction, suggesting this new compound as a promising drug candidate to treat IgAN. © 2020 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel biodegradable low‐density polyethylene–poly(lactic acid)–starch ternary blends
Authors: Aleksanyan Kristine V. , Rogovina Svetlana Z. , Ivanushkina Natalya E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe ternary powder blends based on low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) and two polymers of natural origin poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and starch are obtained in a rotor disperser under conditions of shear deformations. The dependence of the final powder dispersity on the composition is explored. A comparative analysis of the mechanical properties of the ternary blends with those of the LDPE–PLA and PLA–starch binary blends previously obtained has revealed that the presence of two rigid polymers PLA and starch leads to an increase in the elastic modulus and a decrease in the tensile strength and elongation at break. In the study of the blend biodegradability, it is found that the presence of two polymers of natural origin in the system with a total mass fraction of 60% promotes intensive biodegradation.
Understanding interactions between poly(styrene‐co‐sodium styrene sulfonate) and single‐walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Li Lujuan , Cao Qianqian , Liu Hao , Qiao Xin , Gu Zhiqing , Yu Ying , Zuo Chuncheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUnderstanding formation mechanisms of hybrids of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) wrapped by polymers and their interactions is critical in modifying solubility of CNTs in aqueous solution and developing new nanotube‐based polymer materials. In the present work, we investigate the structural details of poly(styrene‐co‐sodium styrene sulfonate) (PSS) wrapping around the CNT and the interactions between the PSS chain and the CNT using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The fraction of sulfonated groups significantly influences the wrapping conformations of the PSS chain. Due to limited time scale in the MD simulations, two different initial conformations of the chains are introduced to explore the effect of the initial state on the wrapping behavior. When the chains initially wrap around the CNT in a perfect helix manner, more compact pseudo‐helical conformations are obtained. For initial straight line arrangement of the chain monomers, the chains adopt looser wrapping conformations. The free‐energy analysis and binding interaction of the PSS chain on the CNT surface take a glance on the relationship between the conformational transition of the chain and the energy evolution.
Utilization patterns and characteristics of users of biologic anti‐inflammatory agents in a large, US commercially insured population
Authors: Mendelsohn Aaron B. , Nam Young Hee , Marshall James , McDermott Cara L. , Kochar Bharati , Kappelman Michael D. , Brown Jeffrey S. , Lockhart Catherine M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe report utilization patterns and characteristics of patients treated with biologic anti‐inflammatory agents in a large commercially insured patient population in the United States. We identified adult (age ≥18 years) patients receiving biologic anti‐inflammatory agents between 1 January 2012 and 31 March 2019 across the five Research Partners in the Biologic and Biosimilars Collective Intelligence Consortium's Distributed Research Network. We examined the number of incident use episodes for each biologic, as well as patient demographic and clinical characteristics. Curated data and analytic tools from the Food and Drug Administration's Sentinel System were used to perform the analyses. We identified 90,360 incident episodes of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha inhibitors (TNFi) and 70,506 incident episodes of non‐TNFi medications. Adalimumab was the most common TNFi drug (47% of all TNFi episodes) and showed a steady increase in utilization during the study period compared to other TNFi agents. Rituximab was the most commonly initiated non‐TNFi medication (44% of non‐TNFi episodes). Other non‐TNFi agents, namely, ustekinumab, vedolizumab, and secukinumab, demonstrated notable increases in utilization over time. Biosimilar use was limited; we observed 653 incident episodes for infliximab‐dyyb and 39 incident episodes for infliximab‐abda. As more biologics enter the market, greater variation in the use of biologics with similar indications and between biologic originators and biosimilars is anticipated. Because information on efficacy and safety at the time of drug approval is limited, post‐marketing surveillance and research is needed to monitor medication safety and evaluate effectiveness between biologic drugs using real‐world data.
Do renewable energy consumption and financial development matter for environmental sustainability? New global evidence
Authors: Kirikkaleli Dervis , Adebayo Tomiwa Sunday 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe present study aims to explore the long‐run and causal effect of financial development and renewable energy consumption on environmental sustainability while controlling technological innovation and economic growth within the global framework. In line with the aim of the study, the fully modified OLS (FMOLS), dynamic OLS (DOLS), canonical cointegrating regression (CCR), Bayer and Hanck cointegration, and frequency‐domain causality tests are employed. Empirical evidence confirms the existence of a long‐run linkage among the variables. The present study also finds that in the long run, global financial development and global renewable energy consumption have a long‐run significant positive effect on environmental sustainability, while economic growth increases carbon emission flaring around the world. Within the global framework, the study, therefore, recommends that in order to increase environmental quality, global policy‐makers should further consider the roles of renewable energy and financial development by implementing reform energy policies in both developed and developing countries.
Control and data acquisition software of the high‐energy particle detector on board the China Seismo‐Electromagnetic Satellite space mission
Authors: Sotgiu Alessandro , De Donato Cinzia , Fornaro Claudio , Tassa Sandro , Scannavini Marco , Iannaccio Dario , Ambrosi Giovanni , Bartocci Simona , Basara Laurent , Battiston Roberto , Burger William J. , Campana Donatella , Carfora Luca , Castellini Guido , Cipollone Piero , Conti Livio , Contin Andrea , De Persio Fulvio , De Santis Cristian , Follega Francesco M. , Guandalini Cristina , Ionica Maria , Iuppa Roberto , Laurenti Giuliano , Lazzizzera Ignazio , Lolli Mauro , Manea Christian , Martucci Matteo , Masciantonio Giuseppe , Mergé Matteo , Osteria Giuseppe , Pacini Lorenzo , Palma Francesco , Palmonari Federico , Panico Beatrice , Parmentier Alexandra , Perfetto Francesco , Picozza Piergiorgio , Piersanti Mirko , Pozzato Michele , Puel Matteo , Rashevskaya Irina , Ricci Ester , Ricci Marco , Ricciarini Sergio Bruno , Scotti Valentina , Sparvoli Roberta , Spataro Bruno , Vitale Vincenzo , Zoffoli Simona , Zuccon Paolo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe China Seismo‐Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) space mission—also known as Limadou in Italian—is a scientific collaboration between China and Italy that aims to investigate the structure and dynamics of the iono/magnetosphere, and in particular to study the possible correlation of perturbations to the occurrence of high‐magnitude seismic events. The Chinese satellite houses the Italian high‐energy particle detector (HEPD), an apparatus composed of a silicon tracker and a calorimeter system, which detects electrons and protons in the energy ranges 3–100 and 30–200 MeV, respectively. The satellite was launched on February 2, 2018; after a commissioning phase dedicated to the setting of an optimal configuration, HEPD is fully operational since July 28, 2018. After a general overview of the CSES‐Limadou mission, this article presents the structure of the HEPD apparatus and describes the design and implementation of the software for the embedded computer system that is responsible for HEPD management. The onboard software runs on the digital signal processors of two electronic boards (CPU and data acquisition), monitors system status, handles instrument data acquisition, performs periodic calibration of the subdetectors, performs data compression, and communicates with the satellite. An overview of HEPD in‐flight operations and performance is given in the last section.
Blockchain‐based video forensics and integrity verification framework for wireless Internet‐of‐Things devices
Authors: Mercan Suat , Cebe Mumin , Aygun Ramazan S. , Akkaya Kemal , Toussaint Elijah , Danko Dominik 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA camera footage which is essential for forensic investigations can easily be modified with advanced video tampering techniques. This makes it necessary to employ novel methods to retain and prove the integrity of captured scene in criminal investigations. In this vein, blockchain technology has received a substantial interest in the last decade as it provides trust among users without a trusted third party, which enabled a myriad of applications. To this end, we propose a framework that utilizes blockchain technology to verify integrity of a camera footage recorded by a resource‐constrained wireless Internet of Things (IoT) device. The proposed approach computes the hash of the video data before it leaves the IoT device to ensure the integrity. The hash is then stored on a permissioned blockchain platform that enables detection of tampering in the video. The continuous stream is segmented efficiently to have periodic hash value to minimize the risk of video loss in case of device failure. The system has been implemented on a Raspberry Pi and Hyperledger to validate its efficiency. We are able to process high resolution videos on a resource‐constrained with reasonable amount of delay. The integrity of recorded video is successfully verified by using the digest kept in permissioned blockchain.
Retracted: Myogenic regulatory factors are key players in determining muscle mass and meat quality in Jeju native and Berkshire pigs
Authors: Kim Kyoungho , Kim Dahye , Min Yunhui , Jeong DongKee , Son Young‐Ok , Do Kyoungtag 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundMeat from Jeju native pigs (JNPs) is highly popular among Korean consumers; however, the production efficiency is limited due to the low adult body weight. In contrast, the Berkshire breed, which has a genetic background closely related to Asian native pigs, gains weight more efficiently.ObjectivesThis study focused on the differential expression of genes related to muscle growth in postnatal myogenesis between Berkshire and JNPs, specifically the myogenic regulatory factor (MRF) genes (MyoD, Pax7, Myf5, Myf6 and MyBPH). The MRF family is primarily involved in the proliferation and development of muscle.MethodsQualitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses revealed that expression of MyoD and Pax7 was significantly higher in Berkshire pigs than in JNPs. In addition, co‐expression of MyoD and Pax7 was observed in myotubes formed in cultured C2C12 cells. ToppCluster was used to elucidate the relationship between biological processes of the MRFs and muscle‐related signalling pathways.ResultsMyoD and Pax7 are factors essential for the activation of satellite cell during myogenesis. However, the mRNA and protein levels of MyBPH (which is responsible for meat quality, e.g. water content, colour and tenderness) are significantly higher in both 1‐day‐old piglets and adult JNPs than in Berkshire pigs.ConclusionsThis study provides a genetic understanding of myogenesis in the postnatal and adult stages of Berkshire pigs and JNPs. Moreover, these results will help identify marker genes related to muscle mass, growth performance and meat quality in indigenous Korean pig breeds.
Co‐based coordination polymer‐derived carbon nanotubes: Preparation, post‐processing and application in dye adsorption
Authors: Lin Hong‐Yan , Luan Jian , Lin Jia‐Feng , Tian Yuan , Liu Qian‐Qian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPost‐processing methods have been widely reported as an effective method to purify and functionalize the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). We used a new Co‐based coordination polymer (CP) as a catalyst precursor to synthesize multi‐walled CNTs (MWCNTs) by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, and examined the use of acidification, carbonization and functionalization treatments in an attempt to achieve experimental conditions which efficiently functionalize the surface of MWCNTs. Our results indicate that post‐processing methods can efficiently tune the quality and purity of MWCNTs, and these methods play important roles in dye adsorption.
Risks and Hazards of Particle Accelerator Technologies
Authors: Otto Thomas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this section, the motivation and operation of particle accelerators are briefly introduced. Then, safety aspects of the key building blocks are treated. Magnets provide the steering forces for accelerated particles. Cryogenics provides the low temperatures required for the operation of superconducting magnets; radiofrequency technologies impart energy to accelerated particles. A byproduct of their operation is Non-ionising radiation. Another type of NIR is represented by lasers which find increasing use in accelerator applications. Finally, collimators shape the particle beams and protect sensitive elements, while dumps absorb the particles at the end of their course.
Beam Hazards and Ionising Radiation
Authors: Otto Thomas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis chapter treats hazards originating from particle beams. The interaction of charged particle beams with matter is described. Beam loss can cause material damage in structural and electronic components. Ionising radiation is introduced by a description of the different types of radiation. Then, the sources of ionising radiation at accelerators are defined: beam loss is the origin of prompt ionising radiation. Material activated by the passage of particle cascades is a long-lived source of ionising radiation. The chapter is closed with a description of radiation dosimetry and radiation protection at accelerators.
Safety Organisation at Particle Accelerators
Authors: Otto Thomas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractParticle accelerator centres and research institutions, as other branches of industry and business, bear hazards and risks for accidents and occupational illness for workers. On a larger scale, professional activities may harm the environment and the public living in the vicinity of the plant. After this book has highlighted some of the scientific and technical challenges of occupational safety at accelerators, this closing chapter describes how the safety process works, and how and by which means safety is organised in complex structures. The chapter closes with beam safety and functional safety, two areas where technical hazards are controlled by organisational processes.
Diskussion der Ergebnisse
Authors: Reber geb. Wiesenauer Simone 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungIn Kapitel 5 werden die Ergebnisse der Experteninterviews zusammengefasst. Es wird ein Schnell-Check zur Selbsteinschätzung des eigenen Internationalisierungsmusters für Manager vorgestellt (Kapitel 5.1) und im Anschluss auf die Implementierung der Methodik des ISA-Modells eingegangen (Kapitel 5.2). Hierbei wird die in Kapitel 2 vorgestellte Literatur mit den in Kapitel 3 und 4 vorgestellten Ergebnissen aus den Experteninterviews verknüpft und gemäß Forschungsunterfrage 3 Rückschlüsse für die Implementierung des ISA-Modells gezogen.
Fallstudien
Authors: Reber geb. Wiesenauer Simone 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungKapitel 6 zeigt konkrete Vorgehensweisen für die Zielmarktanalyse für eine Industrie (Kapitel 6.1) und unterschiedliche Internationalisierungsmuster von Unternehmen (Kapitel 6.2). In Kapitel 6.1 wird eine eigenständig entwickelte Methode für eine Zielmarktanalyse in einer Querschnittsindustrie wie der Umwelttechnikindustrie vorgestellt. Dabei wird auf die ersten drei Bausteine des ISA-Modells eingegangen. Kapitel 6.2 stellt die Internationalisierungsmuster von zehn Unternehmen vor, dabei wird auf alle Bausteine des ISA-Modells eingegangen. Die Fallstudien in Kapitel 6.2 sind so ausgewählt, dass möglichst unterschiedliche Markteintrittsstrategien und deren Implementierung beschrieben werden können (siehe auch Abb. 6–9).
Schlussbetrachtung
Authors: Reber geb. Wiesenauer Simone 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungIn Kapitel 7 werden die Ergebnisse der Dissertation kurz und prägnant zusammengefasst und mit der anfangs aufgestellten Zielsetzung verglichen (Kapitel 7.1). Anschließend werden Empfehlungen für die Weiterentwicklung des ISA-Modells gegeben und Hypothesen für zukünftige Follow-up Studien zum ISA-Modell dargestellt (Kapitel 7.2). Zu guter Letzt wird auf Limitierungen der Dissertation eingegangen und einen Ausblick auf zukünftige Forschungsvorhaben unabhängig vom ISA-Modell gegeben (Kapitel 7.3).
Prospects of non-resonant di-Higgs searches and Higgs boson self-coupling measurement at the HE-LHC using machine learning techniques
Authors: Adhikary Amit , Barman Rahool Kumar , Bhattacherjee Biplob 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The prospects of observing the non-resonant di-Higgs production in the Standard Model at the proposed high energy upgrade of the LHC, viz. the HE-LHC ($$ \sqrt{s} $$

s

= 27 TeV and ℒ = 15 ab−1) is studied. Various di-Higgs final states are considered based on their cleanliness and production rates. The search for the non-resonant double Higgs production at the HE-LHC is performed in the $$ b\overline{b}\gamma \gamma $$
b

b
¯

γγ
, $$ b\overline{b}{\tau}^{+}{\tau}^{-} $$
b

b
¯

τ
+

τ
−

, $$ b\overline{b}{WW}^{\ast } $$
b

b
¯

WW
∗

, WW∗γγ, $$ b\overline{b}{ZZ}^{\ast } $$
b

b
¯

ZZ
∗

and $$ b\overline{b}{\mu}^{+}{\mu}^{-} $$
b

b
¯

μ
+

μ
−

channels. The signal-background discrimination is performed through multivariate analyses using the Boosted Decision Tree Decorrelated (BDTD) algorithm in the TMVA framework, the XGBoost toolkit and Deep Neural Network (DNN). The variation in the kinematics of Higgs pair production as a function of the self-coupling of the Higgs boson, λh, is also studied. The ramifications of varying λh on the $$ b\overline{b}\gamma \gamma $$
b

b
¯

γγ
, $$ b\overline{b}{\tau}^{+}{\tau}^{-} $$
b

b
¯

τ
+

τ
−

and $$ b\overline{b}{WW}^{\ast } $$
b

b
¯

WW
∗

search analyses optimized for the SM hypothesis is also explored.