bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE SPATIAL REGULATION OF CONDENSIN ACTIVITY IN CHROMOSOME CONDENSATION
Authors: Lamothe Rebecca , Costantino Lorenzo , Koshland Douglas E 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCondensin mediates chromosome condensation, which is essential for proper chromosome segregation during mitosis. Prior to anaphase of budding yeast, the ribosomal DNA (RDN) condenses to a thin loop that is distinct from the rest of the chromosomes. We provide evidence that the establishment and maintenance of this RDN condensation require the regulation of condensin by Cdc5p (polo) kinase. We show that Cdc5p is recruited to the site of condensin binding in the RDN by cohesin, a complex related to condensin. Cdc5p and cohesin prevent condensin from misfolding the RDN into an irreversibly decondensed state. From these and other observations, we propose that the spatial regulation of Cdc5p by cohesin modulates condensin activity to ensure proper RDN folding into a thin loop. This mechanism may be evolutionarily conserved, promoting the thinly condensed constrictions that occur at centromeres and RDN of mitotic chromosomes in plants and animals.
Kinome-centric pharmacoproteomics identifies signaling pathways underlying cellular responses to targeted cancer drugs
Authors: Golkowski Martin , Lau Ho-Tak , Chan Marina , Kenerson Heidi , Vidadala Venkata Narayana , Shoemaker Anna , Maly Dustin J. , Yeung Raymond S. , Gujral Taranjit S. , Ong Shao-En 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT:Kinase-dependent signaling networks are frequently dysregulated in cancer, driving disease progression. While kinase inhibition has become an important therapeutic approach many cancers resist drug treatment. Therefore, we need both reliable biomarkers that predict drug responses and new targets to overcome drug resistance. Determining the kinase(s) that control cancer progression in individual cancers can pose a significant challenge. Genomics has identified important, yet limited numbers of kinase driver mutations. Transcriptomics can quantify aberrant gene expression, but it cannot measure the protein phosphorylation that regulates kinase-dependent signaling network activity. Proteomics measures protein expression and phosphorylation and, therefore, quantifies aberrant signaling network activity directly. We developed a kinome-centric pharmacoproteomics platform to study signaling pathways that determine cancer drug response. Using hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as our model, we determined kinome activity with kinobead/LC-MS profiling, and screened 299 kinase inhibitors for growth inhibition. Integrating kinome activity with drug responses, we obtained a comprehensive database of predictive biomarkers, and kinase targets that promote drug sensitivity and resistance. Our dataset specified pathway-based biomarkers for the clinical HCC drugs sorafenib, regorafenib and lenvatinib, and we found these biomarkers enriched in human HCC specimens. Strikingly, our database also revealed signaling pathways that promote HCC cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and drug resistance, and that NUAK1 and NUAK2 regulate these pathways. Inhibition of these kinases reversed the EMT and sensitized HCC cells to kinase inhibition. These results demonstrate that our kinome pharmacoproteomics platform discovers both predictive biomarkers for personalized oncology and novel cancer drug targets.
Life Minus Violence-Enhanced (LMV-E) with women in custody: single-case experimental design
Authors: McKeown Annette , McCrory Sarah 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this single-case experimental design paper is to examine the efficacy of the high-dosage Life Minus Violence – Enhanced (LMV-E) programme with a small sample of four violent women in custody. All participants were undertaking LMV-E as one component of their treatment pathway in an Offender Personality Disorder (OPD) treatment service for women with personality disorder. The methodology employed an AB baseline design with a six-month baseline period, nine-month treatment period and six-month follow-up. Levels of direct and indirect aggression were recorded throughout the baseline, intervention, and follow-up period. In the follow-up period, women were engaging in further treatment. Psychometric measures linked to treatment domains were used to explore clinically significant and reliable change following the intervention. Clinical and reliable change was indicated in some treatment domains for each participant following the intervention. The pattern of these reductions varied between the women. The patterns of findings are discussed and recommendations presented.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology employed an AB baseline design with a six-month baseline period, nine-month treatment period and six-month follow-up. Levels of direct and indirect aggression were recorded throughout the baseline, intervention and follow-up period. In the follow-up period, women were engaging in further treatment. Psychometric measures linked to treatment domains were used to explore clinically significant and reliable change following the intervention.FindingsClinical and reliable change was indicated in some treatment domains for each participant following the intervention. The pattern of these reductions varied between the female offenders. The patterns of findings are discussed and recommendations presented.Practical implicationsThe LMV-E programme was associated with some positive improvements in treatment domains measured in a small sample of female violent offenders. Improvements to some degree were most commonly found in the domains of anger, emotional control and components of criminal thinking. It would be clinically useful to examine characteristics of individuals that appear to benefit most from particular interventions.Originality/valueThere are no existing published findings related to the implementation of LMV-E with females. Therefore, this paper provides preliminary contribution to the evidence base in this area.
The search and matching process in the housing market
Authors: Lisi Gaetano 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThis paper aims to study the phenomenon known as “house price dispersion”, one of the most important distinctive features of housing markets. House price dispersion refers to the phenomenon of selling two houses with very similar attributes and in near locations at the same time but at very different prices.Design/methodology/approachThis theoretical paper makes use of a search and matching model of the housing market. The search and matching models are the benchmark models of the “matching” markets, such as the labour market and the housing market, where trade is a decentralised, uncoordinated and time-consuming economic activity.FindingsUnlike the previous related literature that attributes to the heterogeneity of buyers and sellers a significant part of the price volatility, in this paper, the house price dispersion depends on the housing tenure status of home-seekers in the house search process. Indeed, in the presence of different housing tenure status of home-seekers, the house search process leads to different types of matching. In turn, this implies different surpluses (the sum of the net gains of the parties involved in the trade), and eventually, different surpluses produce different prices of equilibrium.Research limitations/implicationsAn interesting research agenda for future works would be an extension of the model to study the effect of “online housing search” on the house search and matching process, and thus, on the house price dispersion.Practical implicationsThe main practical implication of this work is that the house price dispersion is an inherent phenomenon in the house search and matching process.Originality/valueNone of the existing and related works of research have considered how to take advantage of the search and matching approach to deal with the phenomenon known as “house price dispersion”, without relying on theex anteheterogeneity of the parties but looking at the “core” of the house search and matching process.
Denis Diderot and the Masturbating Girl
Authors: McAlpin Mary 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn Diderot's Le Rêve de D’Alembert (1769), a character based on the vitalist physician and theorist Théophile de Bordeu (1722‐1776) proposes masturbation as a life‐saving cure for a pubescent girl. Her excessive virtue, he explains, has resulted in a dangerous overabundance of seminal fluid; but he adds that any man suspected of recommending this medical intervention should be shunned by society. The contradictions surrounding Diderot's masturbating girl make her an emblem for a discourse, born in the eighteenth century, by which women naturally resist sexual knowledge, and thus require an enlightenment available only through the agency of men.
Global metabolic profiling to model biological processes of aging in twins
Authors: Bunning Bryan J. , Contrepois Kévin , Lee‐McMullen Brittany , Dhondalay Gopal Krishna R. , Zhang Wenming , Tupa Dana , Raeber Olivia , Desai Manisha , Nadeau Kari C. , Snyder Michael P. , Andorf Sandra 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAging is intimately linked to system‐wide metabolic changes that can be captured in blood. Understanding biological processes of aging in humans could help maintain a healthy aging trajectory and promote longevity. We performed untargeted plasma metabolomics quantifying 770 metabolites on a cross‐sectional cohort of 268 healthy individuals including 125 twin pairs covering human lifespan (from 6 months to 82 years). Unsupervised clustering of metabolic profiles revealed 6 main aging trajectories throughout life that were associated with key metabolic pathways such as progestin steroids, xanthine metabolism, and long‐chain fatty acids. A random forest (RF) model was successful to predict age in adult subjects (≥16 years) using 52 metabolites (R2 = .97). Another RF model selected 54 metabolites to classify pediatric and adult participants (out‐of‐bag error = 8.58%). These RF models in combination with correlation network analysis were used to explore biological processes of healthy aging. The models highlighted established metabolites, like steroids, amino acids, and free fatty acids as well as novel metabolites and pathways. Finally, we show that metabolic profiles of twins become more dissimilar with age which provides insights into nongenetic age‐related variability in metabolic profiles in response to environmental exposure.
Arrhythmic events in Brugada syndrome patients induced by fever
Authors: Roterberg Gretje , El‐Battrawy Ibrahim , Veith Michael , Liebe Volker , Ansari Uzair , Lang Siegfried , Zhou Xiaobo , Akin Ibrahim , Borggrefe Martin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionThe Brugada syndrome is associated with arrhythmic events, which may even lead to sudden cardiac death (SCD) as it causes arrhythmic events. A typical Brugada syndrome ECG type I can be triggered at fever situations. The aim of this pooled meta‐analysis is to further explore the baseline characteristics and the association of fever to BrS‐related arrhythmic events.MethodsWe compiled data from a search of databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar). We included 17 studies including 14 case reports and a total of 53 patients.ResultsOur population including 53 patients showed a male predominance of 92% with a mean age of 40.6 ± 17.7 years. 58% of patients had a family history of SCD or BrS. Genetic screening was performed in 14 patients (26%) and revealed a SCN5A mutation in 21% of the patients. ICD implantation was initiated in six patients. 75% (n = 39) of patients did not have symptoms before the fever event. Symptoms at fever included life‐threatening arrhythmia such as ventricular fibrillation (VF) or ventricular tachycardia (VT; 17%), syncope (13%), and cardiac arrest or aborted SCD (13%). One patient developed electrical storm which led to not aborted SCD.ConclusionFever is a great risk factor for arrhythmia events in BrS patients. Patients with known fever triggered Brugada syndrome should be surveilled closely during fever and be started on antipyretic therapy as soon as possible.
Barriers to restoration: Soil acidity and phosphorus limitation constrain recovery of heathland plant communities after sod cutting
Authors: Vogels Joost J. , Weijters Maaike J. , Bobbink Roland , Bijlsma Rienk‐Jan , Lamers Leon P. M. , Verberk Wilco C. E. P. , Siepel Henk 
Published: November 2019

AbstractQuestionsSod cutting has been used extensively as an effective measure in removing excess N and restoring dwarf shrub dominance in heathlands affected by increased nitrogen deposition. However, recovery of other plant species is often very limited. One barrier is high soil acidity following sod cutting, which results in soil aluminium (Al3+) and ammonium (NH4+) reaching toxic concentrations. Sod‐cutting management also removes most of the major nutrients from the system, so intensified nutrient limitation could be an additional barrier to the recovery of species‐rich communities. Soil phosphorus (P) is of special interest as research indicates sod‐cutting management can shift the system to P limitation.LocationHoge Veluwe National Park, The Netherlands.MethodsWe set up a full‐factorial experiment in sod‐cut heathland formerly encroached by Molinia caerulea, adding phosphate (P+) and lime (Ca+) and over the next three growing seasons, we recorded soil chemistry and plant responses.ResultsSoil inorganic N, especially soil NH4+, strongly declined after liming compared to the control situation, confirming that liming alleviates NH4+ toxicity. Addition of P resulted in a similar decline, also suggesting a role for soil phosphate availability in this process. Acid‐sensitive plant species richness increased significantly in both Ca+ and P+ treatment, whereas acid‐insensitive plant species richness only increased significantly as a result of P+ treatment. Mean vegetation relative growth rate increased significantly in both Ca+ and P+ treatments.ConclusionsExcessive P removal due to sod cutting constitutes a second barrier to restoration in addition to soil acidity. We discourage the large‐scale use of sod cutting to reduce soil N availability in heathlands and propose to use interventions that leave the soil nutrient balance intact, such as burning and grazing, mowing or litter removal, in combination with measures that restore the soil buffer capacity.
The “Cocoon,” first alongside midwifery‐led unit within a Belgian hospital: Comparison of the maternal and neonatal outcomes with the standard obstetric unit over 2 years
Authors: Welffens Karine , Derisbourg Sara , Costa Elena , Englert Yvon , Pintiaux Axelle , Warnimont Michèle , Kirkpatrick Christine , Buekens Pierre , Daelemans Caroline 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesOur aim was to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes of women with a low‐risk pregnancy attending the “Cocoon,” an alongside midwifery‐led birth center and care pathway, with women with a low‐risk pregnancy attending the traditional care pathway in a tertiary care hospital in Belgium.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study of maternal and neonatal outcomes of women with a low‐risk pregnancy who chose to adhere to the Cocoon pathway of care (n = 590) and women with a low‐risk pregnancy who chose the traditional pathway of care (n = 394) from March 1, 2014, to February 29, 2016. We performed all analyses using an intention‐to‐treat approach.ResultsIn this setting, the cesarean birth rate was 10.3% compared with 16.0% in the traditional care pathway (adjusted odds ratios [aOR] 0.42 [95% CI 0.25‐0.69]), the induction rate was 16.3% compared with 30.5% (0.46 [0.30‐0.69]), the epidural analgesia rate was 24.9% compared with 59.1% (0.15 [0.09‐0.22]), and the episiotomy rate was 6.8% compared with 14.5% (0.31 [0.17‐0.56]). There was no increase in adverse neonatal outcomes. Intrapartum and postpartum transfer rates to the traditional pathway of care were 21.1% and 7.1%, respectively.ConclusionsWomen planning their births in the midwifery‐led unit, the Cocoon, experienced fewer interventions with no increase in adverse neonatal outcomes. Our study gives initial support for the introduction of similar midwifery‐led care pathways in other hospitals in Belgium.
Mobilizing IDEAS in the Scottish Referendum: Predicting voting intention and well‐being with the Identity‐Deprivation‐Efficacy‐Action‐Subjective well‐being model
Authors: Abrams Dominic , Travaglino Giovanni A. , Grant Peter R. , Templeton Anne , Bennett Mark , Lalot Fanny 
Published: November 2019

In the month approaching the 2014 Scottish Independence referendum, we tested the Identity‐Deprivation‐Efficacy‐Action‐Subjective Well‐Being model using an electorally representative survey of Scottish adults (N = 1,156) to predict voting for independence and subjective well‐being. Based on social identity theory, we hypothesized for voting intention that the effects of collective relative deprivation, group identification, and collective efficacy, but not personal relative deprivation (PRD), should be fully mediated by social change ideology. Well‐being was predicted to be associated with PRD (negatively) and group identification (positively and, indirectly, negatively). Unaffected by demographic variables and differences in political interest, nested structural equation model tests supported the model, accounting for 82% of the variance in voting intention and 31% of the variance in subjective well‐being. However, effects involving efficacy depended on its temporal framing. We consider different ways that social identification can simultaneously enhance and diminish well‐being and we discuss ramifications of the model for collective mobilization and separatist nationalism. Findings also suggest new directions for research on social identity, collective efficacy, and collective action.
The Rise in Single‐Mother Families and Children’s Cognitive Development: Evidence From Three British Birth Cohorts
Authors: Harkness Susan , Gregg Paul , Fernández‐Salgado Mariña 
Published: November 2019

This article assessed changes in the association between single motherhood and children’s verbal cognitive ability at age‐11 using data from three cohorts of British children, born in 1958 (n = 10,675), 1970 (n = 8,933) and 2000 (n = 9,989), and mediation analysis. Consistent with previous studies, direct effects were small and insignificant. For those born in 1958 and 1970 indirect effects, operating through reduced economic and parental resources, were associated with −.107‐SD to −.156‐SD lower attainment. Differences between the two cohorts, and by children’s age when parents separated, were insignificant. For the 2000 cohort, effect sizes for children born to single mothers did not change significantly (−.112‐SD) but attenuated for children whose parents separated in early childhood (−.076‐SD) or while of school age (−.054‐SD).
Differences in the diagnostic value between fiberoptic and high definition laryngoscopy for the characterisation of pharyngeal and laryngeal lesions: A multi‐observer paired analysis of videos
Authors: Scholman Constanze , Westra Jeroen M. , Zwakenberg Manon A. , Dikkers Frederik G. , Halmos Gyorgy B. , Wedman Jan , Wachters Jan E. , van der Laan Bernard F.A.M. , Plaat Boudewijn E.C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesHigh definition laryngoscopy (HDL) could lead to better interpretation of the pharyngeal and laryngeal mucosa than regularly used fiberoptic laryngoscopy (FOL). The primary aim of this study is to quantify the diagnostic advantage of HDL over FOL in detecting mucosal anomalies in general, in differentiating malignant from benign lesions and in predicting specific histological entities. The secondary aim is to analyse image quality of both laryngoscopes.DesignRetrospective paired analysis with multiple observers evaluating endoscopic videos simulating daily clinical practice.SettingA tertiary referral hospital.ParticipantsIn 36 patients, both FOL and HDL videos were obtained. Six observers were provided with additional clinical information, and 36 FOL and HDL videos were evaluated in a randomised order.Main outcome measuresSensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of observers using both flexible laryngoscopes were calculated for detection of mucosal lesions in general and uncovering malignant lesions. Sensitivities were calculated for prediction of specific histological entities. Image quality (scale 1‐10) was assessed for both flexible laryngoscopes.ResultsHDL reached higher sensitivity compared to FOL for detection of mucosal abnormalities in general (96.0% vs 90.4%; P = .03), differentiating malignant from benign lesions (91.7% vs 79.8%; P = .03) and prediction of specific histological entities (59.7% vs 47.2%; P < .01). Image quality was judged better with HDL in comparison with FOL (mean: 8.4 vs 5.4, P < .01).ConclusionsHDL is superior to FOL in detecting mucosal anomalies in general, malignancies and specific histological entities. Image quality is considered as superior using HDL compared to FOL.
Potassium citrate and metabolic acidosis in children with epilepsy on the ketogenic diet: a prospective controlled study
Authors: Bjurulf Björn , Magnus Per , Hallböök Tove , Strømme Petter 
Published: November 2019

AimTo investigate if potassium citrate, a mild alkaline compound, can prevent metabolic acidosis in children with epilepsy treated with the ketogenic diet without reducing antiepileptic efficacy.MethodIn this prospective controlled study, we investigated the frequency of initial uncompensated metabolic acidosis in 51 participants. There were 22 participants with and 29 without potassium citrate supplementation. The ketogenic diet was used as add‐on treatment to children with drug resistant epilepsy. We also estimated the proportion of participants with a greater than 50% seizure reduction after 7 months.ResultsNone of the 22 participants (15 males, seven females; median age 1y 7mo, interquartile range [IQR] 3y 3mo) with, and 10 of 29 (12 males, 17 females; median age 6y 1mo, IQR 4y 8mo) without potassium citrate developed metabolic acidosis (odds ratio=0.04, 95% CI 0.00–0.75 [p<0.01]); median pH 7.32 vs 7.24; [p<0.001]), and median bicarbonate 19.7mmol/L vs 14.0mmol/L (p<0.001). The number of seizures was reduced by more than 50% in 9 of 22 with potassium citrate and 8 of 29 participants without potassium citrate, 7 months after introducing a ketogenic diet (p=0.4).InterpretationIn the ketogenic diet, potassium citrate supplementation can prevent metabolic acidosis, without reducing antiepileptic efficacy.What this paper adds

Citrate supplementation prevents metabolic acidosis in children treated with a ketogenic diet.

Efficacy of the ketogenic diet is not affected by supplementation with citrate.

Citrate supplementation does not affect beta‐hydroxybuturate concentration.

Potassium citrate reduces the time needed to reach an optimal ketogenic ratio.

This article is commented on by Schoeler on page 8 of this issue.