bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new method for evaluation of patellar height and the position of the joint line before and after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Han Hua , Zhang Xiaohui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The measurement of patellar height and restoration of the natural position of the joint line are crucial to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, there remains a lack of consensus on an optimal measurement method to associate the patellar height with the joint line position. The objective of this study was to introduce a new method and validate the application in TKA both preoperatively and postoperatively.Methods: Instead of taking marginal landmarks as the tibial references, the tibial shaft axis was used to construct the new measurement method, which comprises the axis-patella (AP), joint axis-patella (jAP) indices and joint line height (JLH). Patellar heights were measured using the Insall-Salvati (IS), modified Insall-Salvati (mIS), Blackburne-Peel (BP), Caton-Deschamps (CD) indices, and the new method in 175 knees both preoperatively and postoperatively. Intraclass correlation coefficients and Pearson’s correlation analyses were respectively used to evaluate the reliabilities and correlations.Results: There were good correlations between the proposed method and the mIS, CD, and BP indices. High inter-observer reproducibility was found for AP (preoperative and postoperative 0.83), jAP (preoperative 0.82; postoperative 0.86) indices and JLH (preoperative 0.88; postoperative 0.95). High intra-observer repeatability was also found for AP (preoperative 0.85; postoperative 0.87), jAP (preoperative 0.83; postoperative 0.87) indices and JLH (preoperative 0.80; postoperative 0.92).Conclusions: The new method is reliable for measuring patellar height before and after TKA, providing an alternative to distinguish between true and pseudo patella baja. Furthermore, JLH can be applied to assess and restore the joint line position in TKA.
MiR-4310 induced by SP1 targets PTEN to promote glioma progression
Authors: Zhiyong Wu , Jie Luo , Tengyue Huang , Renhui Yi , Shengfeng Ding , Cheng Xie , An'qi Xu , Yu Zeng , Xizhao Wang , Ye Song , Xiaofeng Shi , Hao Long 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: miRNAs have been reported to be involved in multiple biological processes of gliomas. Here, we aimed to analyze miR-4310 and its correlation genes involved in the tumor progression of human glioma. Methods: miR-4310 expression levels were examined in glioma and non-tumor brain (NB) tissues. The molecular mechanisms of miR-4310 expression and its effects on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were explored by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) , Transwell chamber, Boyden chamber, and western blot analyses, as well as in vivo tumorigenesis in nude mice. The relationships among miR-4310, SP1, and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) were explored by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), agarose gel electrophoresis, electrophoresis mobility shift (EMSA), and dual luciferase reporter gene assays. Results: miR-4310 expression was upregulated in glioma tissues compared to NB. Overexpressed miR-4310 promoted glioma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo . Inhibition of miR-4310 was sufficient to reverse these results. Mechanistic analyses revealed that miR-4310 promoted glioma progression through the PI3K/AKT pathway by targeting PTEN. Additionally, SP1 induced the expression of miR-4310 by binding to its promoter region. Conclusion: miR-4310 promotes the progression of glioma by targeting PTEN and activating the PI3K/AKT pathway meanwhile the expression of miR-4310 is induced by SP1.
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1: A Chinese Family with a New Germline Mutation(c.201delC) and Detection Errors Due to an Intron Mutation
Authors: Zhang Fan , Lin Xinyue , Wang Xiaoli , Yu Xiaohui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a hereditary cancer syndrome caused by germline mutations in the MEN1 gene located on chromosome 11q13. The three main endocrine tissues affected most frequently by tumors in MEN1 are the parathyroid (95%), enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tissues (50%), and anterior pituitary (40%). The purpose of this study was to report on a Chinese family with a new heterozygous MEN1 mutation in exon 2 [NM_130802: c.201delC (p.Ala68Profs*51) with localization to Chr11:64577381 on assembly GRCh37].
Methods: A 49-year-old female patient (proband) was admitted to the hospital due to intermittent recurrent hypoglycemia symptoms. After a series of examinations, we found that she had a pancreatic tumor, parathyroid tumor, adrenal tumor, and suspicious gastrinoma. Due to the proband’s suspicious clinical manifestations of MEN1, we performed genetic detection for the proband and her immediate family members. We also used multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) to rule out homozygous mutations caused by a deletion of gene fragments in the proband and her immediate family members.
Results: A new MEN1 germline mutation [c.201delC (p.Ala68Profs*51)], which could induce MEN1, was found by the genetic test. Two of the proband’s six relatives were found by the genetic test to have the same mutations as the proband, and the proband’s sister also had the typical symptoms of MEN1. However, the first and second genetic detection results showed that they were homozygous mutations, which did not conform to Mendelian inheritance laws. The MLPA results showed that the gene deletion was absent in the MEN1. The results from the third genetic detection (redesigned the primer) showed that they had a heterozygous mutation. The detection errors might due to an intron mutation.
Conclusions: A new germline mutation, which can improve the identification of clinical phenotypes and the early diagnosis of MEN1, was identified. An intron mutation may lead to incorrect results of homozygous, which is incompatible with Mendelian genetic law. Redesigning the primers for gene detection could avoid this situation.
Strengthening healthcare providers’ capacity for safe abortion and post-abortion care services in humanitarian settings: lessons learned from the clinical outreach refresher training model (S-CORT) in Uganda, Nigeria, and the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Tran Nguyen Toan , Greer Alison , Dah Talemoh , Malilo Bibiche , Kakule Bergson , Morisho Thérèse Faila , Asifiwe Douglass Kambale , Musa Happiness , Simon Japheth , Meyers Janet , Noznesky Elizabeth , Neusy Sarah , Vranovci Burim , Powell Bill 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundFragile and crisis-affected countries account for most maternal deaths worldwide, with unsafe abortion being one of its leading causes. This paper aims to describe the Clinical Outreach Refresher Training strategy for sexual and reproductive health (S-CORT) designed to update health providers’ competencies on uterine evacuation using both medications and manual vacuum aspiration. The paper also explores stakeholders’ experiences and recommendations for improvement.MethodsUsing mixed methods, we evaluated three training workshops that piloted the uterine evacuation module in 2019 in humanitarian contexts of Uganda, Nigeria, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.ResultsResults from the workshops converged to suggest that the module contributed to increasing participants’ theoretical knowledge, technical and counseling skills, confidence, and positive attitudinal changes that promote a rights-based, fearless, non-judgmental, and non-discriminatory approach toward clients. Participants valued the hands-on, humanistic, and competency-based training methodology, although most regretted the short training duration. Recommendations to improve the capacity development continuum of uterine evacuation included recruiting the appropriate health cadres for the training; sharing printed pre-reading materials to all participants; sustaining the availability of medication and supplies to offer services to clients after the training; and helping staff through supportive supervision visits to accelerate skills transfer from training to clinic settings.ConclusionsWhen the lack of skilled human resources is a barrier to lifesaving uterine evacuation services in humanitarian settings, the S-CORT strategy could offer a rapid hands-on refresher training opportunity for service providers needing an update in knowledge and skills. Such a capacity-building approach could be useful in humanitarian and fragile settings as well as in development settings with limited resources as part of an overall effort to strengthen other building blocks of the health system.
A Novel Quantification Platform for Point-of-care testing of Circulating MicroRNAs Based on Allosteric Spherical Nanoprobe
Authors: Tian Huiyan , Yuan Changjing , Liu Yu , Li Zhi , Xia Ke , Li Mengya , Xie Fengxin , Chen Qinghai , Chen Ming , Fu Weiling , zhang yang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
MiRNA-150, a gene regulator that has been revealed to be abnormal expression in non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ), can be regarded as a serum indicator for diagnosis and monitoring of NSCLC . Herein, a new sort of nanoprobe, termed allosteric spherical nanoprobe, was first developed to sense miRNA-150. Compared with conventional hairpin, this new nanoprobe possesses more enrichment capacity and reaction cross section. Structurally, it consists of magnetic nanoparticles and dual-hairpin. In the absence of miRNA-150, the spherical nanoprobes form hairpin structure through DNA self-assembly, which could promote the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) of fluorophore (FAM) and quencher (BHQ1) nearby. However, in the presence of target, the target-probe hybridization can open the hairpin and form the active “Y” structure which separated fluorophore and quencher to yield a “signal on” fluorescence. In the manner of multipoint fluorescence detection , the target-bound allosteric spherical nanoprobe could provide a high detection sensitivity with a linear range of 100 fM to 10 nM and a detection limit of 38 fM. More importantly, the proposed method could distinguish the expression of serum miRNA-150 among NSCLC patients and healthy people. Finally, we hoped that the potential bioanalytical application of this nanoprobe strategy will pave the way for point-of-care testing (POCT).
Safe child feces disposal practices and its association with reported diarrhea in low-income and middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Soboksa Negasa Eshete , Olkeba Beekam Kebede , Gudeta Dinkinesh Begna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction: In household environments, the improper handling of children's feces can be a significant contaminant, raising a high risk of baby exposure. Several studies done on the magnitude of safe disposal of child feces and its association with reported childhood diarrhea have varied outcomes and no tries have been made to systematically review this. Therefore, a systematic review is necessary to provide an exhaustive summary of the current evidence. Thus, the objective of this a systematic review and meta-analysis will be to pool out the available evidence on the magnitude of safe child feces disposal practices and its association with reported childhood diarrhea in low-income and middle-income countries. Methods: In order to find applicable literature for this study, PubMed, Science Direct, the Cochrane Library collection and Ovid Medline will be searched. In addition, it can search for Google Search Engine, Google Scholar, and references from other studies.The primary outcome of interest will be the magnitude of safe child feces disposal practices and the secondary outcome will be its association with reported diarrhea. Observational studies (cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies) written in English, from January 2000 onwards will be included. The selected studies will be critically appraised by two independent reviewers using an appropriate tool. The pooled magnitude of safe child feces disposal practices and its association with reported childhood diarrhea will be analyzed using Stata version 16. Heterogeneity will be assessed using the chi-square test (Q-test) statistics and inverse variance index (I2). Forest plots will be used to present the combined estimate with 95% CI. A funnel plot and Egger’s test of small study bias will be used to assess publication bias.Discussion: This systematic review will identify the evidence available on the magnitude of safe child feces disposal practices and its association with reported diarrhea. The findings from this study will be made publicly available in a repository and published in a peer-reviewed journal. The findings from this study will also provide directions for future research and public health professionals with an understanding of the importance of safe child feces disposal practices to preventing childhood diarrhea in the community.Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42020189034
The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon and its association with refractive errors in Chinese preschool children: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhuo Deyi , Chen Si , Ren Xiaofang , Wang Bingsong , Liu Linbo , Xiao Lin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: To assess the prevalence and demographics of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children and to evaluate its association with refractive errors. Methods: In this population-based, cross-sectional study , a total of 3,170 children aged 3 to 6 years from Beijing, China underwent examinations including weight, height, cycloplegic autorefraction and slit-lamp examination of external eyes. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate. The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in preschool children and its association with refractive errors were analyzed. Results: The prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon was 26.2%, which decreased with age with 3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-year-old being 30.6%, 28.0%, 15.0%, and 14.3%, respectively. Boys had a higher risk of having epiblepharon than girls with ORs = 1.41 (95%CI, 1.20-1.66) and no significant correlation was detected between BMI and epiblepharon after adjustment of age and sex. Epiblepharon was associated with significantly higher risk of refractive errors including astigmatism (OR = 3.41; 95% CI, (2.68-4.33)), myopia (OR = 3.55; 95%CI, (1.86-6.76)), and hyperopia (OR = 1.53; 95% CI, (1.18-1.99)). Among astigmatic epiblepharon preschoolers, with-the-rule is predominant (80.9%) and epiblepharon severity was associated with astigmatism severity (p = 0.019). Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of lower eyelid epiblepharon in Chinese preschool children, particularly among boys and the youngers. Preschoolers with lower eyelid epiblepharon are subject to higher risk of developing astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia, than those without. An increased attention should be paid to this eyelid abnormality in preschool population.
Comparative analysis of clinical factors associated with pedicle screw pull-out during or immediately after surgery between intraoperative cone-beam computed tomography and postoperative computed tomography
Authors: Sumiya Satoshi , Fukushima Kazuyuki , Kurosa Yoshiro , Hirai Takashi , Inose Hiroyuki , Yoshii Toshitaka , Okawa Atsushi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background No studies to date have elucidated the clinical factors associated with pedicle screw pull-out during or immediately after surgery. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of pedicle screw pull-out by comparing intraoperative scans obtained using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with postoperative scans obtained using computed tomography (CT). We also sought to determine the incidence of pedicle screw pull-out and identify relevant risk factors.Methods This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data for 742 pedicle screws placed in 76 consecutive patients who underwent at least triple-level posterior fixation for thoracic or lumbar spinal injury, spinal metastasis, or pyogenic spondylitis between April 2014 and July 2020. Pedicle screw pull-out distance in the axial and sagittal planes was compared between CT scans obtained 2 days postoperatively and CBCT images acquired intraoperatively. Risk factors associated with pedicle screw pull-out were investigated by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results Pedicle screw pull-out was seen with 58 pedicle screws (7.8%) in 26 patients (34.2%). There were significant differences in age, number of fused segments, frequency of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), and medical history of osteoporosis for pedicle screw pull-out. Risk factors for pedicle screw pull-out were older age (odds ratio 1.07, 95% confidence interval 1.02–1.130) and a diagnosis of DISH (odds ratio 3.35, 95% confidence interval, 1.12–10.00). Several cases suggest that use of connecting rods was an important factor in intraoperative pedicle screw pull-out.Conclusions Our findings suggest that age, number of fused segments, the presence of DISH, and medical history of osteoporosis are risk factors for pedicle screw pull-out, with the greatest being older age and DISH.
Relevance of cancer cachexia models – muscle whole genome gene expression in human and animal cachexia
Authors: Plas Rogier L.C. , Hooiveld Guido , Witkamp Renger F. , Norren Klaske van 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCancer cachexia is a complex and multi-factorial syndrome. As currently available therapeutic options are limited, more in-depth knowledge on cachexia pathophysiology and the underlying molecular mechanisms remains warranted. Studies with animal models provide useful insights but they only mimic the human situation to a certain degree. Furthermore, there is heterogeneity in the design of published animal studies and outcomes. To further address this issue, we performed a comparative study analysing muscle whole genome gene expression of different cachexia studies in mice and human.MethodsWe selected data sets from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus database containing muscle gene expression data measured by micro-array or RNA-sequencing, at least comprising a cachectic/tumour bearing group (n>3) and a non-cachectic/control group (n>3). This provided 12 datasets; 9 from mouse models and 3 human datasets. All datasets were quality checked, normalised and annotated. Datasets were merged and compared at different levels. General similarity and differences in gene expression were determined using ordered list analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Moreover, similarities and differences at pathway level were studied by applying gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of KEGG pathways.ResultsAnimal models displayed similarities to each other and to human datasets at different levels and with different processes. At the gene level, a similarity analysis indicated little similarity between the animal models and the human datasets, while animal models showed high similarity. Only one of the C26 mice models (GSE121972) showed significant similarity to more than one human dataset. Moreover, one human dataset comparing cachectic and non-cachectic cancer patients showed no similarity to any of the other datasets. PCA results indicated that a xenograft model showed most different expression from the other datasets and the Lewis lung carcinoma model to be least different from the human datasets. GSEA results showed four pathways clearly standing out across experiments with downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation and thermogenesis pathway, and upregulation of the proteasome and RNA transport pathway. However, these pathways were not consistently changed in the human datasets.ConclusionsOur comparative analysis showed that there is currently no basis to define a preferred animal model for human cachexia. More human datasets containing proper controls are needed. Repetition of the current analysis upon publication of additional human datasets is warranted.
Relationship Between Forest Strata Structure and Regeneration in the Subtropical Evergreen Broad-Leaved Forest
Authors: Long Junsong , Tang Mengping , Chen Guangsheng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Regeneration is an extremely important and complex ecological process, which is disturbed by many factors. The current stand structure has an important influence on regeneration. The aim of this study is to provide theoretical reference for improving the regeneration capacity subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest and formulating management measures of regeneration restoration.Methods: A permanent plot of 100m × 100m was set up in the evergreen broad-leaved forest of Tianmu Mountain National Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, China. The plot was divided into 25 survey units of 20m × 20m by the adjacent grid survey method, and all the trees in the plot were investigated. The tree height, DBH, crown width, density, species richness index, aggregation index, competition index and mingling of each forest stratum were used as the stand structure index. The tree height, DBH, crown width, density and species richness index of regeneration trees were used as regeneration indicators. Redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to explore the relationship between forest strata structure and regeneration of evergreen broad-leaved forest. Results: In the whole stand, DBH, tree species richness index and crown width were the main structure factors affecting regeneration. In the upper forest stratum, the tree height was the main structure factor affecting regeneration. In the middle forest stratum, the tree species richness index and crown width were the main factors affecting regeneration. In the lower forest stratum, crown width, competition index, tree height and tree species richness index were the main factors affecting regeneration. The effects of tree species richness index and crown width on regeneration in the whole stand were mainly reflected in the middle and lower forest strata in each forest stratum. Conclusions: The influencing order of each forest stratum structure on regeneration was: lower forest stratum > middle forest stratum > upper forest stratum. Different regeneration indicators had different responses to the main stand structure indices, while the young tree height and DBH, and the tree species diversity and density of regeneration trees were most affected by the main stand structure indices. In order to promote the regeneration of evergreen broad-leaved forest in the future, different management measures should be taken for different forest strata, and the threshold value of each index should be controlled.
Dietary Assessment and Patient-Perspective Reasons for Poor Adherence to Diet and Exercise Post Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Assakran Bandar Saad , Widyan Adel Mefleh , Alhumaidan Najla Abdulaziz , Alharbi Fadiyah Abdullah , Alhnaya Mohammed Abdullah , Aljabali Abdullatif Abdullah , Aleid Mohammed Abdulrahman 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: Obesity prevalence is increasing, and as an outcome, bariatric procedures are on the rise. Previous articles about bariatric surgery disclosed tremendous results. This study aims to assess dietary eating patterns and identify the reasons behind poor adherence to diet and exercise in postbariatric patients.Results: According to the questionnaire used, the majority (85.5%) of our patients scored “good”, 12% scored “fair”, and only 2% scored “excellent”. None scored “needs improvement”. Fruits had a mean consumption of 1.51 ± 0.79 and vegetables 1.78 ± 0.76. The main reasons for patient nonadherence to healthy eating were low self-discipline (48%), lack of motivation (28%), and availability of healthy food and being too busy to prepare healthy meals, both at 25%. Additionally, 55.9% of the study subjects engaged in physical activity. Lack of time (47%), low self-discipline (38%), and weather (32%) were the primary reasons for not exercising regularly.