bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collegial surface acting emotional labour, burnout and intention to leave in novice and pre‐retirement nurses in the United Kingdom: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Theodosius Catherine , Koulouglioti Christina , Kersten Paula , Rosten Claire 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo investigate the relationship between surface and deep acting in nurses' patient‐focused and collegial emotional labour, with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment and intention to leave.DesignA cross‐sectional descriptive study using the Emotional Labour Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory and intention to leave Yes/No questions with 118 Registered Nurses to measure patient‐focused and collegial emotional labour, burnout and intention to leave.ResultsSurface acting in patient‐focused and collegial emotional labour was found to have positive associations with burnout and intention to leave their current job. Only surface acting in patient‐focused emotional labour was positively associated with intention to leave the organization and/or the profession. The novice nurses carried out more deep acting collegial emotional labour than the pre‐retirement nurses.ConclusionsCollegial emotional labour is significant to nurses' intention to leave their current job but not their intention to leave the organization and/or the profession.
Discussing non‐invasive prenatal testing on Reddit: The benefits, the concerns, and the comradery
Authors: Marcon Alessandro R. , Ravitsky Vardit , Caulfield Timothy 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveAs the use of non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) increases, its benefits and concerns are being examined through surveys, qualitative studies, and bioethical analysis. However, only scant research has examined public discourse on the topic. This research examined NIPT discussions on the social media platform Reddit.MethodContent and qualitative description analysis was performed on 98 NIPT discussions (2682 comments), obtained by inputting “NIPT” into Reddit's search engine.ResultsDetailing of benefits and concerns was found in collaborative and supportive discussions. Overall, NIPT is seen as valuable and desirable. Some concerns focused on cost‐related barriers to access, anxiety related to testing, and interpretation of results. NIPT is often portrayed as offering peace of mind and is sometimes described as a means of preparing for possible outcomes.ConclusionIn the discussions analyzed, NIPT is seen, overall, as valuable and greater access to it is desired. Some questions and concerns about NIPT were evident. Reddit stands as a valuable and appreciated tool for individuals wishing to discuss NIPT and to solicit and share information, opinions, and experiences. Health care providers should consider the ways social platforms such as Reddit can be engaged to better inform and educate the public.
How bilayer properties influence membrane protein folding
Authors: Corin Karolina , Bowie James U. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe question of how proteins manage to organize into a unique three‐dimensional structure has been a major field of study since the first protein structures were determined. For membrane proteins, the question is made more complex because, unlike water‐soluble proteins, the solvent is not homogenous or even unique. Each cell and organelle has a distinct lipid composition that can change in response to environmental stimuli. Thus, the study of membrane protein folding requires not only understanding how the unfolded chain navigates its way to the folded state, but also how changes in bilayer properties can affect that search. Here we review what we know so far about the impact of lipid composition on bilayer physical properties and how those properties can affect folding. A better understanding of the lipid bilayer and its effects on membrane protein folding is not only important for a theoretical understanding of the folding process, but can also have a practical impact on our ability to work with and design membrane proteins.
Soil organic carbon sequestration calculated from depth distribution
Authors: Franzluebbers Alan J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSequestration of organic C in agricultural soils is necessary to improve soil health to meet the challenges of climate change, diminishing biodiversity, water quality deterioration, and rising demands for food and fiber production. New assessment approaches are needed to quantify how conservation agriculture might contribute to soil health improvement and soil organic C (SOC) sequestration. In the southeastern United States, conservation management has been repeatedly shown to stratify SOC concentration with depth. Starting immediately below a zone of tillage influence (i.e., 30‐cm depth), SOC concentration is rarely affected by management due to low C inputs and high decomposition potential, whereas concentration increases toward the surface in a nonlinear manner, presumably with greater inputs of residue and root inputs and changing temperature and moisture conditions. Using these observations as an ecological foundation, SOC sequestration was calculated as the summation of SOC stock greater than the baseline condition at 30‐cm depth. Data from literature sources were mathematically fitted with this new approach as a validation. Two on‐farm surveys with different agricultural management practices (5–40 yr) in the southeastern United States yielded preliminary estimates of SOC sequestration. The interquartile range of calculated SOC sequestration was 4.2–9.4 Mg C ha–1 for conventional‐tillage cropland (n = 45 fields), 13.6–29.7 Mg C ha–1 for no‐tillage cropland (n = 97 fields), and 15.9–26.1 Mg C ha–1 for perennial pasture (n = 29 fields). This new approach will be valuable to estimate SOC sequestration from a greater diversity of conservation agricultural systems practiced on farms within a region and independent of soil type.
Slope‐scale spatial variability of fractal dimension of soil particle size distribution at multiple depths
Authors: Zou Xinyu , Zhang Zhuodong , Wu Mengyao , Wan Yuanqiang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractParticle size distribution (PSD) is one of the most important properties of soil, and fractal dimension of PSD (FD) is an accurate and useful description of PSD. In this study, PSD at 11 separates for 32 sampling points at six depths in a slope of the Bashang area in the agro‐pastoral transition zone of North China was determined by the pipette method. Spatial variability of FD at the six depths was analyzed using geostatistics and inverse distance weighting interpolation, and the relationships between FD and soil properties and environmental factors were investigated. Results show that the spatial variability of FD is weaker than that of PSD and that FD has strong spatial autocorrelation at most depths, except at the surface layer. With increasing depth, FD tends to decrease, and its spatial variability tends to increase. The distribution of FD varies across the slope. Fractal dimension of PSD of the concave slope is higher than that of the convex slope. Relative elevation is the main influencing factor at the slope scale, and its effects vary at different depths and slope shapes, which are more significant on the concave slope. Slope gradient and vegetation have little influence on FD. Fractal dimension of PSD can serve as a comprehensive parameter to reflect the characteristics of PSD, bulk density, soil organic C, and magnetic susceptibility. Spatial variability of FD at different depths at small scale can contribute to improving the accuracy of predictive soil mapping and more precise soil resource management.
Genome‐wide association analysis of sucrose concentration in soybean (Glycine max L.) seed based on high‐throughput sequencing
Authors: Sui Meinan , Wang Yue , Bao Yuyue , Wang Xi , Li Ruiqiong , Lv Yan , Yan Ming , Quan Chao , Li Chunxia , Teng Weili , Li Wenbin , Zhao Xue , Han Yingpeng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe sucrose concentration in soybean seed significantly affects the flavor of soybean‐derived products. In this study, an association panel of 178 elite accessions and 33,149 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was utilized to identify quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) of sucrose concentration in soybean seeds by genome‐wide association study (GWAS). Five QTNs (rs2688589, rs29026218, rs5926884, rs6886889, and rs10299216) distributed across five genomic regions in five chromosomes were identified in two or more locations by GWAS. A total of 60 candidate genes near the 200‐kb flanking region of these five identified loci were identified. Three of these genes (Glyma.04G032600, Glyma.04G034600, and Glyma.11G092100) have been reported to be involved in the process of sugar biosynthesis. Based on gene‐based association and haplotype analyses, a total of 35 SNPs from 10 genes associated with sucrose concentration were identified. Of them, Glyma.04G032600 was the only gene that has been reported to be related to sucrose content; the other nine genes were novel and may be associated with sucrose content. These beneficial alleles and candidate genes may be of great value in improving sucrose content in soybean seeds.
Comparing and Clustering Residential Layouts Using a Novel Measure of Grating Difference
Authors: Xiao Ran 
Published: October 2020

AbstractClustering is widely used as a knowledge discovery method in scientific studies but is not often used in architectural research. This paper applies clustering to a dataset of 129 residential layouts, which were collected from contemporary architectural practices, to reveal underlying design patterns. To achieve this, this paper introduces a novel measure for the topological properties of layouts: ‘grating difference measure’. It was benchmarked against an alternative that measures geometrical properties and the advantages are explained. The grating difference measure indicates the extent of design differences, which is used in the clustering method to obtain the distance between datapoints. The results from clustering were grouped into design schematics and qualitatively assessed, showing a convincing separation of characteristics. The method demonstrated in this paper may be used to reveal topological patterns in datasets of existing designs for both academic and practical purposes.
3D printing orthopedic scoliosis braces: a test comparing FDM with thermoforming
Authors: Redaelli Davide Felice , Abbate Valentina , Storm Fabio Alexander , Ronca Alfredo , Sorrentino Andrea , De Capitani Cristina , Biffi Emilia , Ambrosio Luigi , Colombo Giorgio , Fraschini Paolo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn recent years, 3D printing gained considerable attention in the orthopedic sector. This work evaluates the feasibility of producing orthopedic scoliosis braces by 3D printing, comparing performance and costs with classical thermoforming procedures. Critical parameters, such as manufacture time, mechanical properties, weight, and comfort are carefully considered. Polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified (PETG) was selected among the several filaments materials present on the market. Printed samples were analyzed with electronic microscope, tensile, and impact tests and compared with thermoformed polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) samples. Moreover, a cost analysis was carried out for the specific application. The thermoformed brace of a volunteer patient affected by scoliosis was reproduced using reverse-engineering techniques. The model was then printed as a single piece and postprocessed by an expert orthotist. Subsequently, the patient wore the brace in a pilot case to compare comfort and mechanical effectiveness. Results show that the 3D printing fabrication method is able to provide a valid alternative to the current fabrication methods, being also very competitive in terms of costs. The morphological analysis does not show critical defects in 3D printed samples, while the mechanical tests highlighted their anisotropy, with an overall brittleness of PETG samples in the direction orthogonal to the fibers. However, in terms of mechanical stresses, a back brace should never reach the polymer yield stress, otherwise the shape would be modified and the therapeutic effect could be compromised. Finally, the patient reported the perception of improved support and no significant comfort differences compared with the thermoformed brace.
Wiederverwertung ausgehobener Molasse basierend auf geologischer Untergrundmodellierung für den geplanten 100 km Teilchenbeschleuniger-Tunnel am CERN nahe Genf, Schweiz
Authors: Haas Maximilian 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDas CERN (Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire bzw. European Laboratory for Particle Physics) ist eine weltweit führende internationale Forschungseinrichtung auf dem Gebiet der Hochenergie- und Teilchenphysik. Die Erforschung der grundlegenden Bausteine des Universums und ihrer Interaktionen lieferte in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten bahnbrechende Erkenntnisse, die im experimentellen Nachweis des Higgs-Boson im Juli 2012 gipfelten. Um die in diesem Zusammenhang erforschten Erkenntnisse weiter zu vertiefen und noch unbeantwortete Fragen nach dem Ursprung und der Funktion des Universums zu beantworten, hat eine internationale Gemeinschaft von über 150 Instituten weltweit am CERN eine Studie für ein Forschungsprogramm mit einer neuen, leistungsfähigeren Teilchenbeschleunigerinfrastruktur initiiert. Die Future Circular Collider (FCC) Studie schließt die dafür erforderlichen unterirdischen Tunnel, Kavernen und Schächte und die damit verbundenen Konstruktionen an der Oberfläche mit ein. Die Infrastruktur ist so ausgelegt, um im Zusammenschluss mit den bereits bestehenden Teilchenbeschleunigern am CERN (z. B. PSB, PS, SPS, LHC) zu funktionieren. Im Rahmen des Projekts wurden seit 2014 die ersten technischen Machbarkeitsstudien in den verschiedensten Gebieten, unter anderem Geologie und Konstruktion des Tunnels, der sich über ca. 100 km im teils westschweizerischen und teils französischen Molassebecken erstreckt, durchgeführt, sodass FCC nach derzeitigem Planungsstand um das Jahr 2040 in Betrieb gehen kann. Im Zuge dessen ist ein geologisches Untergrundmodell unerlässlich, um einen sicheren Bau unterirdischer Infrastruktur zu gewährleisten und die Baumethode auf die Geologie abzustimmen. Ein entscheidender Faktor neben dem geologischen Modell ist die Wiederverwertbarkeit des ausgehobenen Molasse-Materials mit einem Volumen von etwa 9 Mio. m3 sowohl aus technischer als auch rechtlicher, gesellschaftspolitischer und sozio-ökonomischer Sicht.Dieser Artikel soll einen Einblick in diese beiden Machbarkeitsstudien des FCC Projekts geben, sowie Ansätze der geologischen, petrophysikalischen, geotechnischen und mineralogisch-chemischen Analysen präsentieren, die zur Beantwortung der Wiederverwertung dienen und in weiterer Folge in das geologische Untergrundmodell einfließen werden.
Advanced automated emergency control strategy for embedded VSC-HVDC links
Authors: Polster Stefan , Renner Herwig , Friedl Katrin , Samuelsson Olof 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes an advanced emergency control strategy for embedded VSC-HVDC links after AC disturbances, such as line tripping and generation loss. The control goals are to minimize the impact of the disturbance on the AC-network, which includes improving the long-term voltage stability with utilizing possible unloading capacity of parallel AC elements. The proposed algorithm is evaluated against other control strategies for embedded VSC-HVDC links by applying it to a simple demonstration network. The test system includes all necessary VSC converter dynamics, the VSC-HVDC link current and voltage limits and simple load recovery characteristics for an evaluation of the long term voltage stability. The simulation results are explained and the advantages of the proposed emergency control strategy are discussed.
Die Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung in den psychosozialen, psychotherapeutischen und psychiatrischen Versorgungssystemen von Deutschland
Authors: Grabe Hans J. , Giertz Karsten 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungIn der psychosozialen, psychotherapeutischen und psychiatrischen Versorgung zählen Betroffene mit einer Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung zu einer häufig anzutreffenden Gruppe von Patient_innen. Obwohl mehrere Langzeitstudien hohe Remissionsraten bei den störungsspezifischen Symptomen nahe legen, weisen viele der Betroffenen mit einer Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung Beeinträchtigungen in den Bereichen psychosoziales Funktionsniveau, somatische Gesundheit, berufliche und soziale Integration auf, welche sich zumeist als sekundäre Krankheitsfolgen darstellen und negativ auf die Lebenszufriedenheit und gesellschaftliche Teilhabe auswirken. Ein wesentlicher Faktor bei dieser Entwicklung ist die prekäre Versorgungssituation der Betroffenen im ambulanten und komplementären Bereich. Der Großteil der Behandlung findet im Rahmen von kurzfristigen stationären Kriseninterventionen statt. Dies macht deutlich, dass es bisher nur unzureichend gelungen ist, diese Gruppe angemessen in den außerklinischen Bereichen zu versorgen. Im Rahmen des Beitrages wird ein allgemeiner Überblick zur Epidemiologie und zur Versorgungsforschung der Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung gegeben. Ausgehend von den aktuellen Erkenntnissen, machen die Autoren auf strukturelle Probleme und Schnittstellenproblematiken im ambulanten, komplementären und stationären Bereich aufmerksam und beschreiben Lösungsmöglichkeiten für eine angemessene Versorgung.
Welche Branchen sind ökonomisch systemrelevant?
Authors: Schneemann Christian , Weber Enzo , Wolter Marc Ingo , Zika Gerd 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungIm Zuge der Coronavirus-Pandemie stellt sich die Frage, welche Branchen systemrelevant sind. An erster Stelle stehen Bereiche wie Gesundheit und Pflege sowie alle Branchen, die die Versorgung des täglichen Bedarfs abdecken. Dabei reicht es jedoch nicht, nur die Branchen anzuschauen, die direkt für den Endverbrauch wichtig sind. Die gesamten Wertschöpfungsketten müssen betrachtet werden. Mithilfe der Input-Output-Rechnung werden die Vorleistungen einbezogen und die besonders systemrelevanten Branchen identifiziert.
Persistent farmland imaginaries: celebration of fertile soil and the recurrent ignorance of climate
Authors: Visser Oane 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article looks at how imaginaries of land and climate play a role in farmland investment discourses and practices. Foreign farmland investors in the fertile black earth region of Russia and Ukraine have ‘celebrated’ soil fertility while largely ignoring climatic factors. The article shows a centuries-long history of outsiders coming to the region lured by the fertile soils, while grossly underestimating climate which has had disastrous implications for farm viability and the environment. Comparisons with historical and contemporary literature on other regions (e.g. the US prairies and North Africa) suggest that the underestimation of climatic risks by newcomers is remarkably prevalent in resource frontiers.
Help-Seeking Patterns Among the General Population in Singapore: Results from the Singapore Mental Health Study 2016
Authors: Shafie Saleha , Subramaniam Mythily , Abdin Edimansyah , Vaingankar Janhavi Ajit , Sambasivam Rajeswari , Zhang Yunjue , Shahwan Shazana , Chang Sherilyn , Jeyagurunathan Anitha , Chong Siow Ann 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to establish lifetime mental health service utilisation among the general population of Singapore. The sociodemographic correlates of those seeking help from different service provider groups and changes in lifetime mental health service utilisation between 2010 and 2016 among those with mental disorders were also explored. A population-based cross-sectional epidemiological household survey of the Singapore resident population aged 18 years and above was conducted from 2016 to 2018, using the World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) version 3.0. Data from two cross-sectional population-based studies were used for comparison of lifetime mental health service utilisation in 2010 (n = 6616) and 2016 (n = 6126). Chi square test and multiple logistic regression were used to analyse the data. A total of 6126 respondents completed the study in 2016. Overall 9.3% of the total sample, 32.0% of those with mental disorders, and 5.7% of those not meeting criteria for mental disorders, ever sought help for their mental health issues in their lifetime, from any treatment service sectors. Several sociodemographic characteristics were found to be correlated with different service provider groups. There was no change in mental health service utilisation between 2010 and 2016 for all mental disorders included in this study, with the exception of a significant increase in help sought from professionals in social services, among those with alcohol abuse. Even though the overall help-seeking rates are low, it is encouraging that those seeking help did so from mental health professionals and professionals working in the social services.
Feasibility of 18FDG PET in the cardiac inflammation
Authors: Osiecki Sebastian , Sterliński Maciej , Marciniak-Emmons Marta , Dziuk Mirosław 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe aim of the study was to assess the feasibility of 18FDG PET in cardiac inflammation with a particular focus on the delayed scan. Thirty-five consecutive 18FDG PET scans of patients with suspected or confirmed cardiac inflammation were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were referred for PET because of endocarditis (n = 16) or sarcoidosis (n = 19). Among them four patients had two consecutive for follow up and treatment control (two patients with sarcoidosis, two with endocarditis). In all of the cases a standard head to mid-thigh scan was performed 45–60 min after 18FDG injection as well as a delayed heart scan 1 h after the standard imaging was performed. 18FDG PET confirmed active inflammation in 10 out of 35 scans. Delayed scans in positive cases showed SUVmax value increase, but did not have an impact on the result, neither they did in negative cases—no significant differences between standard and delayed scan were found. Interestingly in 5 out of 14 cases with suspected endocarditis PET revealed the extracardiac inflammation focus, thus changing initial diagnosis. 18FDG PET also indicated which prosthesis caused inflammation if there were many. In the sarcoidosis group the aim was to confirm or exclude heart involvement (13 scans) or to assess the response to the steroid therapy (6 scans) in patients with previously confirmed sarcoidosis. PET revealed active heart disease in 3 initial scans, and 1 follow up scan. 18FDG PET is a valuable imaging method for the cardiac inflammation assessment. It adequately localises the active inflammation site. Also, since it is a whole-body scan it may detect the extracardiac inflammation foci, which in some cases may change the initial diagnosis. In our study the delayed scans showed no added value.
Implications of Entry Restrictions to Address Externalities in Aquaculture: The Case of Salmon Aquaculture
Authors: Oglend Atle , Soini Vesa-Heikki 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates production license management when regulation constrains the number of production licenses to address production externalities. This is increasingly relevant for aquaculture production where disease issues threaten future seafood supply. The regulatory problem is analyzed in the context of Norwegian salmon aquaculture where a stop in issuance of new production licenses has been implemented to address social costs of parasitic sea lice. Our theoretical model shows that restricting number of licenses raises prices and shifts production efforts excessively towards greater stocking of fish per license. Hence, the policy cannot achieve a first-best welfare-maximizing allocation. Furthermore, restricting entry by limiting number of licenses can create regulatory rents, which effectively subsides rather than tax the source of the externality.