bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of regular and irregular 32 pulse density modulation patterns for induction heating
Authors: Karafil Akif , Ozbay Harun , Oncu Selim 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this study, an induction heating (IH) application is carried out by transferring the maximum power extracted from photovoltaic (PV) panels to the stainless steel with the designed regular and irregular 32 pulse density modulation (PDM) controlled series resonant inverter. The main objective of this study is to analyse the changes in the system due to regular and irregular PDM patterns. Maximum power point tracker (MPPT) is used to control the output power at different solar irradiation values with varying PDM patterns. Regular and irregular PDM control methods are compared in terms of MPPT efficiency, cost, algorithm complexity, logic control structure and current/voltage stresses of the power switches. Zero current switching (ZCS) conditions are provided by using phase locked loop (PLL) technique at all power points of the PV system. The appropriate switching conditions are tracked continuously at resonant frequency, and therefore soft switching is realised. Perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm is used with the aim of tracking the maximum power in PV panels and high tracking efficiency is obtained with PDM‐controlled P&O MPPT algorithm. ATMEL328P‐AU microcontroller is used to control the inverter in the system.
A review: Energy storage system and balancing circuits for electric vehicle application
Authors: Habib A. K. M. Ahasan , Hasan Mohammad Kamrul , Mahmud Md , Motakabber S. M. A. , Ibrahimya Muhammad I. , Islam Shayla 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe prominent electric vehicle technology, energy storage system, and voltage balancing circuits are most important in the automation industry for the global environment and economic issues. The energy storage system has a great demand for their high specific energy and power, high‐temperature tolerance, and long lifetime in the electric vehicle market. For reducing the individual battery or super capacitor cell‐damaging change, capacitive loss over the charging or discharging time and prolong the lifetime on the string, the cell balancing is compulsory. The electric vehicles drive train architecture, overall applicable energy storage system, and the balancing circuit categories as cell‐to‐heat, cell‐to‐cell, cell‐to‐pack, pack‐to‐cell, and cell‐to‐pack‐to‐cell are reviewed. The comparative study has shown the different key factors of market available electric vehicles, different types of energy storage systems, and voltage balancing circuits. The study will help the researcher improve the high efficient energy storage system and balancing circuit that is highly applicable to the electric vehicle.
A high‐gain IΓ‐source hybrid single‐phase multilevel inverter for photovoltaic application
Authors: Ghasimi Sako , Lahooti Eshkevari Alireza , Mosallanejad Ali 
Published: December 2020

AbstractImpedance‐based step‐up converters are widely developed for photovoltaic applications due to providing single‐stage conversion, high‐efficiency, low voltage and current stresses, and high boost‐factor. An improved Γ‐source (IΓ‐source) single‐phase hybrid multilevel inverter is proposed. This structure has a better voltage gain characteristic, high‐efficiency, multilevel output voltage, low output current total harmonic distortion (THD), and continuous input current. It is extensible for attaining higher voltage levels. Furthermore, higher non‐shoot‐through modulation indexes are obtainable by this topology in comparison with previous works due to performing higher gains in lower shoot‐through duty cycles. Also, the output harmonics are reduced because of applying lower shoot‐through duty cycles. This article demonstrates the operating principle of this hybrid multilevel inverter in detail. Simulation and experimental results are exhibited to evaluate the performance of this converter. Results confirm the proposed IΓ‐source hybrid multilevel inverter, its operating principle, and the modulation strategy.
Design and control of battery charger for electric vehicles using modular multilevel converters
Authors: Quraan Mahran , Abu‐Khaizaran Muhammad , Sa'ed Jaser , Hashlamoun Wael , Tricoli Pietro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDouble‐star modular multilevel converters with embedded battery cells are a ground breaking technology for the power converter of electric vehicles. In this topology, the battery cells are connected in series via half bridge DC–DC buck converter and can be independently discharged and recharged. This paper proposes a novel control system for this converter topology that can charge the battery cells from the grid at unity power factor and instantaneously balance them in terms of their state of charges without affecting the grid voltages and currents. The grid current controller is designed and implemented in the stationary reference frame using a proportional‐resonant controller, while the state of charge balancing algorithm is designed using sorting algorithm and circulating current control. The simulation and experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed control strategy can effectively charge the battery cells with a negligible distortion of the grid current and can ensure the balance of cells during the recharge without affecting the grid current.
Design, analysis, and implementation of a new high‐gain P‐type step‐up dc/dc converter with continuous input current and common ground
Authors: Lahooti Eshkevari Alireza , Mosallanejad Ali , Sepasian Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: December 2020

AbstractStep‐up converters are increasingly developed for renewable energy and storage systems in order to raise the output voltage of those resources to higher voltage levels. Conventional step‐up structures, such as P‐type boost converter, provide low voltage gain, and they must be cascaded with the same modules to produce higher boost factors. This conversion method reduces overall efficiency. Affording higher gains with lower duty cycles and single‐stage conversion increase efficiency. This paper proposes a new step‐up P‐type dc/dc converter with high voltage gain even with lower duty ratios. Additionally, it has continuous input current, high efficiency, and common ground between the input and the output. Detailed analysis is presented, and the performance of this new topology is compared with other high‐gain step‐up converters. Simulations and experiments evaluate the achievements of this topology. Results prove the proposed structure.
Performance of a coupled inductor for interleaved buck converter with improved step‐down conversion ratio
Authors: Biswas Mriganka , Majhi Somanath , Nemade Harshal 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a dual‐winding coupled inductor (DWCI) based interleaved buck converter (IBC) with improved step‐down conversion ratio to improve the ripple in inductor currents and to achieve lower value of the output filter capacitor. The proposed IBC achieves a high step‐down conversion ratio by using a switch‐capacitor cell. In the continuous conduction mode (CCM), the systematic analysis of ripple current in the windings of DWCI shows the improvement of ripple in inductor current compared to the existing IBCs. Further, the coupling factor of the DWCI reduces the requirement of the minimum value of the output filter capacitor. The operation principle and boundary load condition of the proposed IBC with DWCI are analysed. Furthermore, the small‐signal modelling of the proposed IBC with DWCI is investigated. In the voltage‐mode control framework, a PI‐controller is designed to investigate the sensitivity to the load parameter variation and the performance of the reference output voltage. The proposed converter with DWCI is implemented and experimental results are provided.
A single‐stage AC‐AC solid‐state transformer with ZVS operation
Authors: Wang Hui , Xu Ming , Zhang Yichun , Sun Yao , Zhang Guanguan , Blaabjerg Frede , Liang Xiao , Liu Yonglu , Feng Jianghua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSolid‐state transformer (SST) is an attractive concept, which provides galvanic isolation and voltage scaling by means of a medium‐frequency link. In this paper, a single‐stage alternative current (AC)‐AC SST solution without bulky energy storage elements is presented. The front‐end rectifier (FER) and rear‐end inverter (REI) of the SST works at line‐frequency, while the intermediate LLC series resonant converter (SRC) fulfils the tasks of galvanic isolating and regulating the output voltage. To achieve high efficiency and bidirectional power flow capability of the SST, the zero voltage switching (ZVS) condition of the LLC SRC is comprehensively analysed, and the parameters design method of the LLC SRC is developed, where the resonant currents are constructed by applying the same gating signals to the primary‐side and secondary‐side bridges and the dead‐time is properly selected. Consequently, the presented SST has the merits of high conversion efficiency, naturally bidirectional power flow capability, potentially high power density and high reliability. The experimental results on a 1.5 kW SST prototype show that sinusoidal input and output current, ZVS operation over the full load range are achieved, and the peak efficiency is 97.63%. The experimental results verify the functionality and effectiveness of the developed methods.
Improved and accurate low‐frequency average modelling and control of a conventional power factor correction boost converter in continuous conduction mode
Authors: Pereira Dênis de C. , Rosa Bruno T. , Soares Guilherme M. , Almeida Pedro S. , Tofoli Fernando L. , Braga Henrique A. C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWhen dealing with power factor correction (PFC) rectifiers that require the use of high filter capacitances, conventional small‐signal modelling techniques are not capable of reproducing the converter behaviour accurately owing to the impact of the low‐frequency dynamics on the system. In this context, this work presents an improved modelling technique applied to a conventional PFC boost converter operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM). The proposed approach leads to a more accurate analysis than the traditional modelling developed for dc–dc converters, which is often extended to rectifiers. It consists of a fast and concise solution for the implementation of several PFC techniques from the derived transfer functions. The introduced method is described aiming at the development of a boost‐based PFC stage using the well‐known one‐cycle control technique (OCC). Simulation and experimental results are presented and thoroughly discussed to validate the theoretical assumptions.
Photovoltaic‐battery powered grid connected system using multi‐structural adaptive circular noise estimation control
Authors: Singh Yashi , Singh Bhim , Mishra Sukumar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe intermittent nature of renewable energy sources results in an interruptible and inadequate power. The integration of the battery energy storage to renewable energy sources provides reliable and continuous power to the loads. Further, the high penetration of renewable energy sources raises the power quality problems in the grid. This work deals with performance improvement of PV‐battery energy storage based energy conversion system achieved through implementing a multi‐structural adaptive circular noise estimation control for its grid connected mode. The control is developed for the grid side voltage source converter, which provides the power quality improvement and automated transition from grid connected mode to standalone mode or vice‐versa. It provides multi‐functional features such as harmonics extraction, DC offset elimination, and power quality improvement in PV‐battery energy storage based energy conversion system even at nonlinear loading condition in grid connected mode. In standalone mode, the amplitude and waveform of load voltage are controlled sinusoidal by the voltage control. Performance of PV‐battery energy storage based energy conversion system is studied to validate the acceptability of these controls according to the IEEE‐519 standard.
A novel gate driver for Si/SiC hybrid switch for multi‐objective optimization
Authors: Li Zongjian , Dai Xiaoping , Jiang Xi , Qi Fang , Liu Yang , Ke Pan , Wang Yongzhi , Wang Jun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA novel gate driver with simple functional and structural integration is proposed here, which splits the input gate signal and outputs two separate signals with a dedicated delay time to drive the two constitutional switches, aiming at the cost‐effectiveness and power loss reduction of the Si/SiC hybrid switch. The dependency of the hybrid switch's thermal and efficiency performance on the parameters of the gate driver are theoretically and experimentally investigated in a 9 kW 20 kHz Si/SiC hybrid switch based boost converter. A novel load current dependent gate control strategy is proposed to be implemented in the proposed gate driver to achieve the high conversion efficiency under light to medium load condition and balanced junction temperature between the two internal devices under heavy load conditions. The experimental results based on a 20 kHz boost converter show that the Si/SiC hybrid switch with the novel gate driver and optimal current dependent control strategy offers a 163% and 10% rise in power handling capability, respectively, compared to that using the all‐IGBT device and all‐SiC MOSFET device, and yet a considerably lower device cost.
A new magnetron driving method using a phase‐shifted active clamp forward converter for sulfur plasma tube applications
Authors: Nasiri Abolfazl , Banaei Mohamad Reza 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a new method for driving the magnetron for a sulfur plasma tube using the two‐switch forward converter structure with a phase‐shifting active clamp (1000±40 W, 285 mA, 4 kV). Depending on the output voltage level required, the magnetron driver circuit is boosted and insulated and also has high gain. The use of the two‐switch forward converter reduces the transistor voltage stress. In addition, applying the clamp structure balances the magnetization current. Besides, by controlling the phase shift of the clamp transistor, while maintaining the magnetic current balance of the power transformer, the duty cycle of the main transistors can be increased. This allows more voltage level transfer to the secondary winding of the transformer. Therefore, with a fixed transformer core, more voltage transmission is possible in comparison with a conventional forward converter.Moreover, using the PFC converter improves the power factor and stabilizes the DC‐link voltage. The magnetron driver circuit provides a maximum power of 1 kW with an average power of 125–250 W by adjusting the converter's active time under minimum loss conditions. The magnetron driver circuit provided is validated by the simulation and experimental results.
An improved permanent‐magnet synchronous machine sensorless drive based on the fuzzy‐PI phase‐locked loop and the adjustable boundary‐layer FOSMO
Authors: Ye Shuaichen , Yao Xiaoxian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study proposes a variable boundary‐layer full‐order sliding‐mode observer (FOSMO) with a fuzzy proportional plus integral (PI) phase‐locked loop (PLL) for the sensorless control of a permanent‐magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). The sigmoid switching function‐based FOSMO, which includes feedback speed information, is presented and considered as the conventional method. To address the contradiction between the convergence performance and the chatter‐reduction ability of the sliding‐mode control, a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is introduced to adjust the boundary‐layer thickness according to the estimation error. Furthermore, a real‐time parameter tuning module is integrated into the PI regulator of the conventional PLL to adjust its noise bandwidth. Hence, adverse effects of disturbance and external noise, especially under transient operations, can be eliminated. An overall PMSM sensorless field‐oriented control scheme incorporating the proposed method is designed, and the corresponding experimental platform is constructed. Several groups of comparative experiments reveal that system chatters are largely reduced using the proposed method under both of the high‐ and low‐speed running conditions and the dynamic anti‐interference performance can also be significantly improved under load and speed disturbances. Therefore, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed variable boundary‐layer FOSMO + fuzzy‐PI PLL method are validated.
Sliding mode controller for extraction and supply of photovoltaic power using switched series parallel sources reduced switch count multilevel inverter
Authors: Gowd G. Eshwar , Sreenivasarao Dharmavarapu , Vemuganti Hari Priya 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe reduced switch count multilevel inverter (RSC‐MLI) is the latest trend in power electronic converters due to reduction in the switch count and cost. However, a large number of RSC‐MLIs have not yet reached to the application level because of the absence of modularity, unequal load‐sharing among DC sources and the absence of switching redundancies. On the other hand, multilevel dc‐link (MLDCL) and switched series parallel sources (SSPS) RSC‐MLI topologies are modular structures with adequate switching redundancies and can be an alternative to conventional cascaded H‐bridge (CHB) for grid‐connected photovoltaic (PV) systems. Therefore, in this paper, a comprehensive comparison among CHB, MLDCL and SSPS topologies has been carried out for grid connected PV application. Based on the outcome, an asymmetric 11 kV three‐phase 11‐level SSPS RSC‐MLI is chosen. In this combination, a common non‐linear sliding mode controller (SMC) is developed for generating maximum PV power from asymmetric single‐stage PV sources by linearizing the non‐linear PV system using an effective feedback linearization scheme. The PV power extracted is delivered to the grid by controlling SSPS RSC‐MLI using another SMC. The performance of the system under wide variations of insolation levels is verified in MATLAB and further validated in hardware‐in‐the‐loop OPAL‐RT controller.
Association of Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Treatment Outcome in Acne Vulgaris Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Yadav Ashvini K. , Bhooshan Suneel , Johnson Allen , Asati Dinesh P. , Nema Shashwati , Biswas Debasis 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) is an emerging pathogen that is highly resistant to antibiotics and is capable of causing persistent infections that are difficult to treat.
Methods & Materials Acne vulgaris patients visiting dermatology OPD of our tertiary care hospital during the study period of 2 months were recruited. Skin swabs were collected, and the sample was processed on 5% sheep-blood agar for anaerobic culture by the GasPak method. Isolates were identified by the standard biochemical test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for clinically relevant antibiotics by the E-strip method. The clinical response was evaluated after 1-month follow-up to the prescribed antibiotics.
Results Minocycline, doxycycline, ceftriaxone, and tetracycline were the most effective antibiotics. Nonsusceptibility to clindamycin and erythromycin were observed in 11.9% and 31% isolates, respectively, with 9.5% isolates being nonsusceptible to both. For none of the antibiotics we found significant difference in the proportion of susceptible and nonsusceptible isolates between mild, moderate, and severe grades of acne vulgaris. For none of the antibiotic regimens, significant difference was observed between nonresponders and responders. Twenty-seven patients received clindamycin and among them 16 of 19 responders and 6 of 8 nonresponders yielded growth of clindamycin-susceptible isolates (p = 0.57).
Conclusion We observed significant prevalence of resistant strains of C. acnes among patients with acne vulgaris. No association was observed between in vitro susceptibility results and treatment outcome.
Challenging Presentations of Seven Cases of Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis in Sudan: Clinical Features, Histology, Imaging, and Recommendations
Authors: Mohammed Sawsan A. , Abdelsatir Azza A. , Abdellatif Mohamed , Suliman Suliman Hussein , Elbasheer Omer Mohammed Ibrahim , Abdalla Awad Rhmattalla , Widattalla Abubakr H. , Tamimeldar Safeya Ahmed M. , Amin Abdelgadir A. , Ahmed Mohamed H. , Abdelsatir Ali Mohammed 
Published: December 2020

AbstractsBasidiobolomycosis is a fungal infection caused by Basidiobolus ranarum which affects the skin and subcutaneous tissue and rarely the gastrointestinal tract. We report seven cases of gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis with interesting clinical, radiological, and histological presentations. To our knowledge, this is the first case series of abdominal basidiobolomycosis to be reported from Sudan.
Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy to Evaluate Biliary Complications of Pediatric Liver Transplantation: An Account of an Experience
Authors: Gutierrez-Villamil Claudia , Velez-Gutierrez Camila , Arevalo-Leal Sinay , Rivera-Baquero Jairo , Marín-Oyaga Víctor 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction Hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HS) is a noninvasive imaging technique whose use in the follow-up of liver transplantation has not been duly documented. The main objective of this study is to describe the experience of using this technique to detect biliary complications in pediatric patients following liver transplantation.
Materials and Methods A retrospective, observational, and descriptive study involving 86 pediatric patients who had undergone liver transplantation between 2013 and 2018. Of the 86, 31 had undergone at least one HS during their postoperative period.
Results A total of 45 studies were performed on 31 patients (36% of the patients undergoing transplantation during that time period). Patient ages ranged from 5 to 204 months (mean = 50 months). A total of 22 transplants (71%) were from living donors and 9 (29%) were from cadaveric donors. Of the 45 studies, 22 were positive for biliary complications, and all of them had an impact on clinical decision-making. The remaining 23 studies were negative. Of these 23, 19 continued under medical treatment and the other four underwent an additional intervention with positive surgical outcomes in all cases. All scintigraphy studies revealed hepatocellular dysfunction and cholestasis.
Conclusion The HS is a useful, noninvasive, and diagnostic procedure for the early diagnosis of biliary complications that may impact the evolution of disease in liver transplant patients. It allows the treating physician to make a more informed decision regarding expectant management, surgical management, or a less invasive course of action for transplantation complications.