bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ontogeny of hepatic metabolism in mule ducks highlights different gene expression profiles between carbohydrate and lipid metabolic pathways
Authors: Massimino William , Davail Stéphane , Seccula Aurélie , Andrieux Charlotte , Bernadet Marie-Dominique , Pioche Tracy , Ricaud Karine , Gontier Karine , Morisson Mireille , Collin Anne , Panserat Stéphane , Houssier Marianne 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The production of foie gras involves different metabolic pathways in the liver of overfed ducks such as lipid synthesis and carbohydrates catabolism, but the establishment of these pathways has not yet been described with precision during embryogenesis. The early environment can have short- and long-term impacts on the physiology of many animal species and can be used to influence physiological responses that is called programming. This study proposes to describe the basal hepatic metabolism at the level of mRNA in mule duck embryos in order to reveal potential interesting programming windows in the context of foie gras production. To this end, a kinetic study was designed to determine the level of expression of selected genes involved in steatosis-related liver functions throughout embryogenesis. The livers of 20 mule duck embryos were collected every four days from the 12th day of embryogenesis (E12) until 4 days after hatching (D4), and gene expression analysis was performed. The expression levels of 50 mRNAs were quantified for these 7 sampling points and classified into 4 major cellular pathways.Results: Interestingly, most mRNAs involved in lipid metabolism are overexpressed after hatching (FASN, SCD1, ACOX1), whereas genes implicated in carbohydrate metabolism (HK1, GAPDH, GLUT1) and development (HGF, IGF, FGFR2) are predominantly overexpressed from E12 to E20. Finally, regarding cellular stress, gene expression appears quite stable throughout development, contrasting with strong expression after hatching (CYP2E1, HSBP1, HSP90AA1). Conclusion: For the first time we described the kinetics of hepatic ontogenesis at mRNA level in mule ducks and highlighted different expression patterns depending on the cellular pathway. These results could be particularly useful in the design of embryonic programming for the production of foie gras.
Experiences with High Success Rate of External Cephalic Version and Comparisons of Different Tocolysis for Risk-effective version based on a bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Yunyun Xiao , Yu Ma Si , Jing Li , Wei Zhao , Yan Dong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: External cephalic version (ECV) has been proved effectively in reducing the cesarean section rates, but the success rates of the procedure are uneven. Experiences of ECV with high success rate were concluded in this paper. And in order to evaluate the efficiency of the applied tocolytic agents, a corresponding bayesian-network meta-analysis was conducted.Methods: Through retrospective analysis of eighty-four single pregnant women with breech presentation near or at term who received ECV from Dalian Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from April 2017 to November 2019, influence factors associated with the success rate of ECV were analyzed. Meanwhile, a bayesian-network meta-analysis including sixteen eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about comparisons of five common tololytic agents and placebo with 3468 participants searched from Pubmed, Cochrane library and Embase databases until May 20, 2019 was conducted to identify the efficiency of ritodrine and terbutaline applied in the authors’ procedures. Results: The ECV procedures were conducted by a skilled obstetrician through strict selection of the candidates. Oral ritodrine, intravenous terbutaline in combination with epidual analgesia were applied as interventions. Success rate of ECV reached 90.48% (76/84) and the overall vaginal delivery rate is up to 88.16% (67/76). Only one patient reverted to breech presentation due to loose of the bellyband. Among the possible variables, amniotic fluid index were identified to have significantly relationship with the success rate of ECV. As the bayesian network meta-analysis proved: terbutaline, salbutamol and ritodrine played more important roles than nitroglycerine and nifedipine on the success rate of ECV. But salbutamol was found to have more common side effects than terbutaline and ritodrine.Conclusions: We conclude that factors influencing the success rate of ECV mainly include: 1. characteristics of the mothers and fetuses, 2. interventions, 3. skills of the surgeon. During ECV process, selection of patients with enough amniotic fluid and proper stature with no contraindications is essential. And a more detailed scoring standard according to the possible influence indicators of the mothers and fetuses for the feasibility of ECV should be set up in the future. Besides, application of terbutaline and ritodrine as tocolytic agents during ECV procedure were considered to be effective for increasing successful versions.
Spatiotemporal Coupling Dual-photocatalytic Integration in Atomic- hybridized Co0.5Fe0.5In2S4 Nanoflowers for High Efficiency Nitrogen Reduction
Authors: Wu Qifan , Zhou Gang , Li Tao , Guo Jun , Liu Lizhe 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The photocatalytic reduction of N2 to NH3 under mild conditions using low-cost solar is an attractive alternative to replace the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process, but which is typically hampered by poor binding of N2 to catalysts and high activation energy of intermediates. In particular time window, catalyst hydrogenation directly induced by photocatalytic water splitting can provide an alternation pathway to overcome limitations in conventional N2 reduction reaction (NRR). Herein, we propose a spatiotemporal coupling strategy in Co0.5Fe0.5In2S4 ultrathin nanoflowers to integrate hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and NRR together, in which the photo-excited carrier life time is intentionally extended to match six-electron NRR process; meanwhile hydrogen evolution rate is limited to generate a transient hydrogenation on catalytic surface for accelerating N2 adsorption and activation. This spatiotemporal coupling design can easily drive N2 to *N2H2 and far away from conventional stagewise activation of N≡N triplet bonds. As a result, the photocatalytic performance of N2 reduction is about 85.8 μmol g-1 h-1 without sacrificial agent. Our findings provide a new paradigm for integrating dual photocatalytic reduction, bringing a transient hydrogenation and free nitrogen directly to reactants without requiring N2 molecular adsorption to the catalyst.
CASR Expression Differs Between Secondary Hyperparathyroidism and Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Yang Meng , Lu Yao , Zhang Ling , Song Aiping , Zhang Honglei , Pang Bo , Li Xin , Liu Jun , Sun Xiaoliang , Ji Haoyang , Huang Linping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Calcium-sensitive receptor (CASR) play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of secondary parathyroidism (SHPT). The purpose of this study is to study the protein and gene expression characteristics of CASR in SHPT.Methods: Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of CASR protein and genes in SHPT tissues, and compared with the expression of CASR in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).Results: CASR protein was down-regulated in SHPT and PHPT compared with normal parathyroid tissure（2.42±0.5 vs 3.2±0.62, P <0.05; 1.8±0.83 vs 3.2±0.62, P <0.05）, meanwhile SHPT tissue was higher than PHPT in the expression of CASR protein（2.42±0.5 vs 1.8±0.83, P <0.05）; CASR expression in SHPT tissue was higher than PHPT in gene expression（0.29±0.23 vs 0.01±0.12, P <0.05）. Conclusion: The expression of CASR protein and gene in SHPT is higher than that of PHPT. This feature provides a theoretical basis and ideas for studying the mechanism of CASR down-regulation.
Association Between Physical Activity and Activity Space in Different Farming Seasons Among Rural Lao PDR Residents
Authors: Jiang Hongwei , Lin Lin , Yonto Daniel Anthony , Moji Kazuhiko 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Southeast Asia is experiencing a health transition where non-communicable diseases (NCD) are exceeding communicable diseases. Despite NCDs accounting for roughly 60-85% of deaths in the region, many developing Southeast Asian countries are beginning to address the impacts of a physically inactive lifestyle for the first time. Our study aims to bridge this gap by objectively measuring physical activity in rural Lao PDR to reveal the association among physical activity, activity space, and seasonal variation. Methods: Multiple waves of survey data were collected in Songkhon District, Lao PDR between March 2010 and March 2011. Adults aged between 18 and 65 were recruited (n=48). A portable GPS recorded participants’ activity and farmland locations and an accelerometer recorded participants’ physical activity level and daily steps for seven consecutive days. Using a directional distribution tool in ArcGIS 10.5, the activity space area of each participant in each wave was calculated. Concurrently, participants recorded time spent on each daytime activity. Linear mixed models with the fixed effects as the observations from different waves and the random effects as individual participants were developed to identify factors associated with areas of activity space and counts of daily steps, respectively.Results: A total of 48 respondents with half being females were recruited. Walking was found to be the most frequent travel mode. Females were physically less active with smaller activity space and more overweight than their male counterparts. Participants were physically less active during the off-farming seasons. Conclusions: Findings contribute to the surveillance of risk factors needed to create healthy living environments. Our research is also one of the first to use empirical evidence demonstrating seasonal variations of rural residents’ activities in mainland Southeast Asia.
Sociodemographic disparity in health-related behaviors and dietary habits among governmental employees in Hunan, China
Authors: Li Ling , He Jun , OuYang Feiyun , Qiu Dan , Li Yilu , Luo Dan , Yu Yu , Xiao Shuiyuan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHealth-related behaviors and dietary habits have played essential roles in shaping population health and are related to morbidity or mortality. We aimed to estimate the distribution of health-related behaviors and dietary habits by socio-demographics among governmental employees in China.MethodA total of 5029 participants were included in this study. Information on their sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviors and dietary habits was collected. Socioeconomic status (SES) scores were calculated by multiplying ordinal numerical values assigned to consecutive categories of education level and annual household income. Adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis and categorical principal component analysis were used to estimate differences in health-related behaviors and dietary habits by socio-demographics.ResultsThe distribution of health-related behaviors and dietary habits varied by sociodemographic groups. Middle-aged males (41–60 years) were more likely to smoke, use alcohol and have short sleep duration. Young participants (≤ 30 years) were more likely to have multiple unhealthy behaviors and dietary habits. Those in high-SES have a lower level of smoking and leisure-time physical inactivity, but a high level of late sleeping than those in low-SES. Notably, older males (≥ 51 y) with low-SES preferred the ‘smoked and pickled foods, and dessert’ and ‘fish and nut’ pattern. In high-SES groups, 41–50 y people preferred the ‘traditional foods’ and ‘cereals and dairy product’ pattern. No difference in dietary patterns by socio-demographics were found among females.ConclusionsOur findings of the disparity distribution of health-related behaviors and dietary habits by specific-gender, age and SES among Chinses governmental employees have important policy implications for developing targeted health interventions to facilitate health-related behaviors and dietary habits in this population.
Factors Associated with Commercial or Non-Commercial Contact in Non-Marital Heterosexual Transmission from Chinese HIV/AIDS Case Reporting System in 2018: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Dong Zhilong , Ma Liying , Cai Chang , Tanasugan Lokachet , Gao George Fu , Lv Fan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: In recent years, HIV transmission through heterosexual contact has been on the rise, accounting for more than 69% in 2017{Cui, 2020 #27}. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of heterosexual transmission will greatly improve our effectiveness in preventing AIDS.Methods: All identified People Living With HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs) reported as transmitted through heterosexual transmission in the Chinese HIV/AIDS Case Reporting System (CRS) in 2018 were included in this study. A multivariate logistic regression model was applied to evaluate the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and the overall risk of being transmitted through commercial heterosexual contact (CHC) or non-marital non-commercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC).Results: A total of 92026 cases of non-marital heterosexual transmission with no missing data were included in the analysis. There were 40244 (43.73%) cases infected through CHC and 51782 (56.27%) infected through NMNCHC. One year increase in age was associated with 0.98 times the odds of being reported as infected through NMNCHC (aOR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.9783-0.9806, p < 0.0001), signiﬁcantly higher odds of infection through NMNCHC was observed with females (aOR = 8.39, 95% CI = 8.03-8.77, p < 0.0001), non-farmers (OR =1.22, 95% CI = 1.18-1.26, p < 0.0001), minorities (aOR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.86-2.02, p < 0.0001), those with education level of college and above (aOR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.38-1.61, p < 0.0001), and migrants in the different city of the same province (aOR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.21-1.34, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Among heterosexual transmission, Younger people, ethnic minorities, migrants within province, as well as those with comparatively higher socioeconomic status were more likely to be transmitted through non-marital non-commercial heterosexual contact (NMNCHC). More interfere measures and targeted strategies should be made for the HIV transmission through this route.
Socioeconomic inequalities in exclusive breastfeeding, early initiation of breastfeeding, and skin-to-skin contact between mother and newborn in Nigeria: evidence from Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Ekholuenetale Michael , Arora Amit , Barrow Amadou 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

The effects of breastfeeding practices on children’s health are undoubtedly of great interest worldwide. Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) and skin-to-skin contact (SSC) between mother and the newborn have many short-term and long-term benefits. The aim of this study was to explore state-level prevalence and examine the socioeconomic inequalities between EBF, EIBF and SSC in Nigeria.
Methods

Data on 2,936 children aged less than 6 months were extracted from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) to determine EBF. In addition, data from 21,569 women were used for EIBF and SSC estimations. Lorenz curve and concentration index were used to examine socioeconomic inequalities in EBF, EIBF and SSC.
Results

The prevalence of EBF, EIBF, and SSC were 31.8%, 44.2%, and 12.1% respectively. Furthermore, Ogun State had the highest prevalence of EBF (71.4%); while Bayelsa State had the highest prevalence of SSC (67.8%) and EIBF (96.2%) respectively. Urban dwellers had higher prevalence of EBF, SSC and EIBF across household wealth quintile and levels of mother’s education, in contrast to their rural counterparts. We quantified the degree of wealth-related and mother’s education inequalities in EBF, SSC and EIBF. Overall, EBF, SSC and EIBF had pro-rich coverage; EBF (Conc. Index = 0.118; p < 0.001), SSC (Conc. Index = 0.152; p < 0.001) and EIBF (Conc. Index = 0.103; p = 0.002) respectively. Also, EBF was significantly more concentrated among mothers with higher educational attainment (Conc. Index = 0.157; p < 0.001), SSC (Conc. Index = 0.156; p < 0.001) and EIBF (Conc. Index = 0.091; p < 0.001). The test for differences between urban vs. rural was significant in EBF, SSC and EIBF for mother’s educational attainment. But this was only significant in EIBF for household wealth quintile.
Conclusion

Socioeconomic status determined breastfeeding practices and SSC in Nigeria. Breastfeeding practices interventions should target all mothers, especially low socioeconomic status mothers to ensure improvements in baby friendly initiatives.
Analysis of Clinical Imaging Characteristics of Patients with 2019-nCoV
Authors: Jiang Hao , GUO WEI , Jiang Huijie , Zheng Ruoshui , Wang Ziao , Yi Ru , Su Baomin , Sun Li 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: This article retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and CT characteristics of chest CT of 10 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosed in Heilongjiang Province. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 10 COVID-19 patients confirmed by designated hospitals in Heilongjiang Province. Results: The clinical manifestations were mainly fever (80%) and cough (50%). Laboratory tests showed elevated C-reactive protein (70%) and serum amyloid A (80%). CT mainly manifests as ground-glass opacity (100%) in the lung, more than two lung lobes (90%), and the lesions are mostly located in the right upper lobe (80%), and lobular septum thickening (60%) is common.Conclusions: In this group of patients with COVID-19, the typical CT manifestations are double lung sheet ground-glass opacity, which are mainly distributed in the subpleural area, and the range of involvement is more than or equal to two lung lobes, “paving stones” changes; pulmonary lesions were absorbed and fibrous cord foci were formed during the transition period. It is worth noting that hilum, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and pleural effusion are less common. During the study period, follow-up imaging performed by some patients showed mild / moderate disease progression and gradually dissipating.
Comparative Appraisal of Randomized Response Technique vs. Direct Interview Method in Assessment of Burden of Tobacco and Alcohol Use among Adolescents in India
Authors: Upadhyay Ashish Datt , Dwivedi Sada Nand , Dhawan Anju , Sreeni Vishnubhatla 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: In countries like India, the major source of error in reporting of sensitive events (e.g., tobacco and alcohol use) among adolescents is deliberate misreporting. To estimate its burden, the commonly used direct interview method involves problems in reporting. To cope up, randomized response technique (RRT) is an alternative approach which uses a random device for providing more privacy to respondents. So, it may be worthwhile to compare RRT with direct interview method in assessment of burden of ever tobacco and alcohol use among Indian adolescents.Methods: A cross-sectional survey on ever tobacco and alcohol use among adolescents was conducted on 796 (401: RRT; 395: Direct interview) 9th to 12th class students from purposively selected three schools of Delhi/National Capital Region, during November-2014 to November-2016. As per conventional use of RRT, two types of questions, one related to “sensitive attribute” and other “an unrelated question” was used to estimate ever tobacco and alcohol use. For the first time, a new random device (i.e., randomly arranged questionnaires) was proposed and used under RRT which is user friendly and appropriate for time-bound application. For comparison, the estimates of both, ever tobacco use and ever alcohol use, were obtained which could also facilitate comparative change in effect size with increasing sensitivity. Results: The prevalence of ever tobacco use under RRT approach and Direct Interview method was 18.6% (95% CI: 13.33-24.01) and 10.1% (95% CI:7.15-13.10) respectively, where as that of ever alcohol use was 22.8% (95%CI: 17.08-28.5) and 9.1% (95% CI: 6.27-11.95) respectively. Further, comparative results showed that as contents in used substance become more sensitive, under estimation of burden under direct interview method may become higher [i.e., Ever tobacco use: 8.5% (95% CI: 3.43-13.65); Ever alcohol use: 13.6% (95% CI: 8.34-19.03)]. The proposed new random device under RRT, as a set of randomly arranged questionnaires containing either sensitive or unrelated questions, consists of most of its recommended properties. Conclusions: The findings under the present study suggest that the randomized response technique may serve as a versatile method for gaining access to more accurate information on sensitive topics.
NADPH Oxidase 4 Promotes Hypoxia-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition via Histone Modification in Pancreatic cancer
Authors: Li Hongzhen , Peng Chunyan , Zhu Chenhui , Nie Shuang , Qian Xuetian , Shi Zhao , Shi Mengyue , Liang Yan , Ding Xiwei , Zhang Shu , Zhang Bin , Li Xihan , Xu Guifang , Lv Ying , Wang Lei , Friess Helmut , Kong Bo , Zou Xiaoping , Shen Shanshan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundHypoxia is a characteristic of the tumor microenvironments within Pancreatic cancer (PC) which has been linked to its malignancy. Oxidative stress, characterized by NADPH oxidase (NOX) activation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) could be induced by hypoxia which involved in tumor progression and metastasis. However, the relationship between hypoxia-induced oxidative stress and EMT has not been clarified, and the regulatory mechanism of NADPH oxidase is still unknown. MethodsA hypoxic-related gene signature and its associated pathways in PC were identified by bioinformatics method. Candidate downstream gene (NOX4), responding to hypoxia was validated by RT-PCR and western blot. In vitro and in vivo assays as well as tumor samples from our centre were preformed to explore the phenotype of NOX4 in PC. Immunofluorescence, western blot and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were further applied to search for detailed mechanism. ResultsWe established a hypoxia-related gene signature within PC which was prognostic and linked with up-regulated EMT pathway. Then we found that hypoxia could induce stable up-regulation of NOX4, which is essential for EMT activation. Elevated expression of NOX4 was observed in PC samples and positively associated with advanced tumor grade and unfavorable prognosis. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated NOX4 overexpress or inhibition in pancreatic cancer cells caused changes of proliferation and invasion ability. Then we found NOX4 could increase the methylation modification of histone H3 and regulated the transcription of EMT-associated gene_ snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (SNAIL1). ConclusionsThis study highlights the prognostic role of hypoxia-related genes in PC and strong correlation with EMT pathway. Our results also creatively discovered that NOX4 was an essential mediator for hypoxia-induced histone methylation modification and EMT in PC cells.