bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes produced in the intramuscular tissue via dry needling measured with magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: L. Baraja-Vegas , P. Piqueras-Sanchiz , IJ Bautista , S. Martín Rodríguez 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction Myofascial trigger points are a common cause of pain and clinically observed local muscle sensitivity. The improvement associated with the muscle relaxation effect (reduction of muscle rigidity) produced by dry needling (DN) is still not well known. Thus, it is thought that the regeneration of the tissue that has been destructed by dry needling via the inflammatory process occurs with the return to normal muscle contractility.
Aims The aim of this study was to identify whether the local inflammatory effect is immediately induced by DN, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Material and Methods 18 asymptomatic patients were evaluated, with latent trigger points in the medial gastrocnemius (MG). We used an intergroup research design to study differences in MRI signal in the medial gastrocnemius, before and after performing DN. The MG which presented the most pain in response to pressure, was used as the experimental or intervention group, whereas the contralateral MG was used as the control group. MRI was used with signal intensity (STIR), to identify signal changes due to local inflammation. An ANOVA test was performed to analyze the influence of DN in the STIR variable and a Student's t-test for dependent samples was used to compare the perception of pain after DN.
Results The STIR increased by 128.97% after DN in the experimental group. The effect of the interaction showed significant differences (F (1.34) = 235, p = 0.0001, r = 0.93). The Bonferroni post hoc tests showed significant differences [differences in means and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 198 (172 - 224)] signal intensity (F (1.34) = 236, p = 0.001; r = 0.93; d = 5.03). Furthermore, a significant group was found (control vs. experimental group) after controlling for the effects of the intervention (F (1.33) = 9.95, p = 0.003, r = 0.48, d = 1.10). Regarding the perception of pain in response to pressure, a significant reduction was found between the pre and post intervention measurements (t (17) = 12.40, p = 0.001, r = 0.65, d = 1.71). The Pearson's correlation coefficient did not display any correlation among any variable.
Conclusion Intramuscular edema appears immediately after (1h) the application of DN, which indicates an inflammatory process with an unexpected reduction in pain perception. Our results are in line with other findings in mice which display signs of an inflammatory response after DN. A limitation of this study was the lack of further MRI measurements to detect when the edema resolved.
Parenteral Nutrition Therapy for an Achondroplastic Patient: Case Report
Authors: Pimentel Rodrigo Fernandes Weyll , Figueiredo Pedro Carlos Muniz 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction Achondroplasia is the most common form of dwarfism in humans. At the end of the twentieth century, achondroplasia had its natural history investigated and its morbimortality understood. In dwarves, obesity is one of the causes of morbidity, and it is difficult to evaluate it due to the great disproportion among anthropometric data. The characterization of the nutritional needs of these patients represents an interesting dilemma for physicians. In view of these difficulties, the present case report describes an alternative to obtain the ideal weight value of an elderly dwarf in the use of parenteral nutritional therapy.
Case Report A 73-year-old male patient, carrier of achondroplastic dwarfism, was admitted for surgical treatment of colon adenocarcinoma. He was submitted to total colectomy with ileum-rectum anastomosis, evolving with abdominal septic shock by suture dehiscence, which was fixed, and a protective ileostomy was installed. Due to the maintenance of prolonged fasting, without the possibility of starting oral or enteral feeding, the patient used total parenteral nutrition. To estimate the total energy expenditure, we chose to ask the patient what his ideal weight was. The patient used total parenteral nutrition for eight days until he was able to meet his caloric needs orally.
Conclusion In the absence of indirect calorimetry, the ideal weight mentioned by the patient seems to be a good option for the estimation of the caloric expenditure by simplified equations.
Micronutrient Influence in Thyroid Function: A Review
Authors: Nóbrega Aline Guerra Correia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe thyroid produces and secretes adequate amounts of hormones that regulate various physiological processes, including growth, development, metabolism, and reproductive function. The production and metabolism of thyroid hormones are dependent on micronutrients such as iodine, selenium, zinc and iron. Iodine is essential for the proper synthesis of thyroid hormones. The risk of iodine deficiency is high in places where the food consumed comes from iodine-deficient sources. To avoid complications, various government strategies have been developed to enrich food with this element. Selenium is incorporated in the deiodinases, which are enzymes that also play an essential role in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, in addition to contributing to the antioxidant defense in the thyroid. Zinc participates in the process of deiodination, in addition to being necessary for the T3 receptor to adopt its biologically active confirmation. Iron is found in hemeproteins, including thyroid peroxidase (TPO), which participates in the first two stages of thyroid hormone biosynthesis. Deficiencies of these elements can impair thyroid function. In general, the influence of micronutrients on thyroid function reveals the need for more research to increase scientific knowledge so that preventive and therapeutic measures can be taken regarding thyroid dysfunctions, to maintain a healthy thyroid.
Analgesia mediated by stress: Possible antalgic mechanism of the dry needling technique
Authors: D. Pecos Martín , I. Lázaro Navas , C. Lorenzo Sánchez-Aguilera , T. Gallego Izquierdo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction and Aim One of the possible mechanisms of action of dry needling is stress-induced analgesia, produced by the activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Cortisol is a steroid hormone, which is considered to be the most representative indicator of physiological states that are altered after a stressful stimulus. Although studies of other invasive techniques exist which measure the cortisol levels, no studies on dry needling have been found which gather this stress indicator. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the changes produced in the levels of cortisol concentration in saliva after the application of the dry needling technique.
Material and Methods Sixty-two healthy volunteer subjects participated in this randomized controlled single blinded trial performed at the University of Alcalá. Participants were randomly distributed into two intervention groups: deep dry needling (n = 33) and placebo needling (control) (n = 32). The saliva samples were gathered prior to the intervention and 3 minutes after finalization of the same. The level of cortisol in saliva was determined in a laboratory by performing a solid phase enzyme immunoassay using the ELISA® kit. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. The differences between both groups were compared based on the percentage of change between the initial level and at three minutes via the Student's t-test for independent samples, estimating the effect size via the Cohen's d test.
Results An increase of the levels of cortisol in saliva of 11.27% ± 4.76 was observed after the deep dry needling; in the group of placebo needling, an increase of 1.51% ± 3.08 was observed. However, when comparing both groups, no statistically significant differences were obtained (p = 0.920), with an effect size of d = 0.42.
Conclusions The dry needling technique leads to an increase in the release of cortisol, one of the hormones involved in the sympathetic-excitatory relationship. This could be related to one of the possible effects of this invasive procedure with mechanisms of stress-induced analgesia. However, further studies are required to deepen our knowledge on the plausible physiological effects which support the application of the dry needling technique.
Effectiveness of percutaneous needle electrolysis and eccentric exercise in chronic Achilles tendinopathy. A case series
Authors: FJ Cerdán Fabregat 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective The objective of the study was to evaluate percutaneous needle electrolysis (PNE) and exercise with eccentric overload on the tendon body in chronic Achilles tendinopathy.
Material and Methods An experimental study involving seven subjects with a total of seven tendons with a medical diagnosis of chronic tendinopathy on the body of the Achilles tendon. A sample of five men (71.43%) and two women (28.57%) with a laterality of five right tendons and two left tendons. The mean age was 34 years (SD: 7.22), 42.86% of the sample was active, practicing regular sports activity (57.14%) at the amateur level. All tendons had over six-weeks evolution. Pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and functionality was analyzed using the VISA-A scale, whereas tendon structure was evaluated using musculoskeletal ultrasound. All subjects belonged to the same group and were applied the same treatment; three sessions of PNE, additionally, eccentric exercise was added every 48 hours after each intervention. This involved a total of six eccentric sessions. A seven-day period was allowed between the first and second session of PNE, whereas between the second and third session, 14 days were allowed.
Results In the initial evaluation, the VAS score was 7.14 points (SD: 0.83) and the VISA-A scale was 34.86 points (SD: 3.72). On the ultrasound examination, the VAS presented changes as a degenerative process. After five weeks, the values on the VAS scale decreased by 75.4% and on the VISA-A scale they increased by 35.2%.
Conclusions The combined programs of PNE plus eccentric exercises are an effective treatment for chronic tendinopathy of the Achilles tendon body.
Coronary Sinus Filling Time as a Predictor of Coronary Microvascular Obstruction and Future Cardiovascular Events after Elective Left Anterior Descending Artery Stenting
Authors: Ramakrishnudu Anakala , Rao Vavilala Satish Kumar 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective The main objective of this article is to study the usefulness of coronary sinus filling time (CSFT) as a predictor of coronary microvascular obstruction (CMVO) and future cardiovascular (CV) events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for left anterior descending (LAD) in stable coronary artery disease patients.
Materials and Methods We analyzed 50 patients with stable angina who underwent elective PCI for single LAD significant stenosis. After stent deployment, coronary sinus was visualized in left anterior oblique 40 degree cranial 30 degree views, CSFT, and corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count (cTFC) calculated from frame count. Post-procedure electrocardiographic changes noted and cardiac biomarker creatine phosphokinase and creatine phosphokinase-myocardial band levels estimated, and follow-up was done for 6 months. Patients classified into two groups: Group 1 with major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and Group 2 (without MACE). CSFT and cTFC measurements were compared among the two groups.
Results Out of 50 patients who were recruited in the study, Group 1 comprises 20 patients, and Group 2 comprises 30 patients. Among the Group 1, 40% were females, while in Group 2, they were 16%. Group 1 showed high CSFT values compared to Group 2, and such are post-procedure ST, T changes (90% in Group 1, 20% in Group 2), cardiac biomarkers elevation (80% in Group 1, 23.3% in Group 2). At 6 months follow-up ejection fraction was lower in Group 1 (31.8 ± 6.4%) compared with Group 2 (58.8 ± 5.8%) at p < 0.0001, and angina (85%) versus (20%). Mean CSFT was significantly more in Group 1 (5.77 ±0.75s) compared with Group 2 (4.61 ± 0.55s) at p < 0.0001. With respect to cTFC, no significant differences were seen between the two groups (p < 0.5628). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed CSFT of > 5.2s was the best cutoff value to differentiate the two groups.
Conclusion CSFT significantly prolonged in patients with adverse cardiac events, and it may be used as a simple and quantitative predictor of CMVO and future CV events after elective PCI.
The Role of Platelets in Premature Neonates with Intraventricular Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Grevsen Alexander K. , Hviid Claus V. B. , Hansen Anne K. , Hvas Anne-Mette 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) affects up to 22% of extremely low birth weight neonates. Impaired coagulation might contribute to the pathogenesis of IVH. The aims of this study were to summarize the current knowledge on the role of platelet indices in premature neonates with IVH and to provide an overview of secondary hemostasis parameters as well as fibrinolysis in premature neonates with IVH. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched on March 7, 2019, without time restrictions. In total, 30 studies were included. Most studies investigated the significance of platelet counts and/or mean platelet volume (MPV). The meta-analysis showed that at day 1 of life, neither platelet count nor MPV differed significantly between neonates with or without IVH (standardized mean difference [SMD]: –0.15 × 109/L, 95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.37 to 0.07 and SMD: 0.22 fl, 95% CI: –0.07 to 0.51, respectively). However, platelet counts < 100 × 109/L were associated with an increased risk of IVH. Secondary hemostasis parameters did not differ between neonates with and without IVH. Fibrinolysis was only sparsely investigated. In conclusion, platelet counts < 100 × 109/L were associated with an increased risk of IVH in premature neonates. The impact of secondary hemostasis was only sparsely investigated but seemed to be minor, and the role of fibrinolysis in IVH in premature neonates needs further research. Whether reduced platelet function is associated with an increased risk of IVH in premature neonates remains to be investigated.
Clinical criteria for the application of percutaneous needle electrolysis in tendinopathies: An expert Consensus cocument and cross-sectional study among physical therapists
Authors: Valera Garrido Fermín , Polidori Fernando , Benavent Canet Jerónimo , Botet Francesc i Sicarrats , Martínez Ramírez Pablo , Calvo Sandra , Belsué Pastora Javier , Minaya Muñoz Francisco 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction Percutaneous needle electrolysis is a technique of invasive physical therapy which has been applied successfully in tendinopathies over the last decade. This study sought to explore the opinion and criteria employed by physical therapists who apply this technique in tendinopathies.
Material and Methods A cross-sectional study based on a survey of 15 questions to gather the sociodemographic characteristics of attendees and to examine four dimensions associated with the application of percutaneous needle electrolysis (indications, dosage, ultrasound-guidance, supporting therapies). The participants voted on the survey simultaneously after installing the “Votephone” App on their mobile phones or smartphones.
Results The study participants included 212 people who attended the CIFI 2018 conference and four experts. Of those who responded, 74.5% were men, who were mainly dedicated to clinical work (91.8%), and were aged between 25 and 45 years (97.6%). Electrolysis was used by 79% of respondents in their daily practice, for which 32.89% had over six years' experience. Percutaneous needle electrolysis was considered the therapy of choice in the treatment of tendinopathies for 91.03% of respondents, whereas 98.67% used it in situations of chronicity, and for tissue repair purposes (85%). Of all people surveyed, 97.74% considered that ultrasound guidance was essential for its application, employing intensities of between 2-4 mA (59.60%) and combined with therapeutic exercise (77.78%). Ultrasound in B mode (50.85%) and palpation with the needle and reproduction of symptoms (47.46%) are the criteria used to define the area of intervention.
Conclusions Percutaneous needle electrolysis is often used by physical therapists in chronic tendinopathies, applying high intensities (2-4 mA) aimed at repair of the damaged tissue. Attendees considered that the use of ultrasound for assessment and as a guide for the intervention is essential to guarantee a safe application and improve effectiveness. Percutaneous needle electrolysis is most commonly associated with therapeutic exercise.
Two closed ATP- and ADP-dependent conformations in yeast Hsp90 chaperone detected by Mn(II) EPR spectroscopic techniques
Authors: Giannoulis Angeliki , Feintuch Akiva , Barak Yoav , Mazal Hisham , Albeck Shira , Unger Tamar , Yang Feng , Su Xun-Cheng , Goldfarb Daniella 
Published: December 2019

Significance
Hsp90 is a homo-dimeric chaperone regulating clients involved in tumorigenesis and signal transduction. Its mechanism of action depends on ATP hydrolysis, which is coupled to a conformational cycle, including “closed” and “open” conformations involving the dimerization of the N-terminal domains, which comprise the ATP binding site. The ATP-bound closed conformation is important for chaperoning activity, while an ADP-bound closed conformation was suggested crucial for client release. We resolved 2 different closed ATP- and ADP-bound conformations for yeast Hsp90 in frozen solutions by measuring Mn(II)–Mn(II) distance distributions, with Mn(II) replacing the essential Mg(II) cofactor in the ATPase site. These results add to our understanding of the mechanism of Hsp90 and set the stage for studies in presence of cochaperones and substrates.
Are predictive equations a valid method of assessing the resting metabolic rate of overweight or obese former athletes?
Authors: Jesus Filipe , Nunes Catarina L. , Matias Catarina N. , Francisco Ruben , Carapeto Bárbara , Macias Hugo , Müller Diogo , Cardoso Miguel , Valamatos Maria J. , Rosa Gil , Sardinha Luís B. , Martins Paulo , Minderico Cláudia S. , Silva Analiza M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAthletes retiring from their sports career, an understudied population, are susceptible to become overweight/obese because of decreased energy expenditure not followed by a reduction in energy intake. Therefore, their energy requirements, through resting metabolic rate (RMR), should be accurately addressed for weight management purposes. This study aimed to determine the validity of predictive equations (PEq) for RMR estimation using indirect calorimetry as the reference method in a sample of overweight/obese former athletes. The study uses cross‐sectional data collected during baseline measurements of a lifestyle intervention (NCT03031951). The RMR of 56 overweight/obese (31.5 (4.0 kg/m2)) individuals (78.6% male, 37.5% obese, 95.8 (14.8 kg), 174.2 (8.7 cm)) was measured by indirect calorimetry and predicted using seven PEq: Harris‐Benedict, Cunningham, Schofield, FAO/WHO/UNU, Owen, Mifflin‐St. Jeor, and Katch‐McArdle. Dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry was used to assess body composition. The PEq overestimated the RMR measured by the indirect calorimetry, 70–300 kcal/day (4.3–14.9%). The linear regression between the reference and each of the PEq did not differ from the identity line with estimated values explaining around 50% of the variability of the measured values. The agreement between the methods was weak for all the PEq showing wide limits of agreement. The Harris–Benedict equation was the only one in which the difference between the methods was not related to the magnitude of the measured RMR. Given the weak performance of the various RMR models in overweight/obese former athletes, an effective weight management intervention based on estimated resting energy requirements may be compromised.
Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of a Digital Storytelling Intervention for Smoking Cessation in Women Living With HIV
Authors: Kim Sun S , Lee Sang A , Mejia Jeannette , Cooley Mary E , Demarco Rosanna F 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
People living with HIV in the USA smoke at a rate nearly three times that of the general population, and Black women are disproportionately affected by HIV infection.

Purpose
This study was conducted to test the preliminary efficacy of a digital storytelling intervention for smoking cessation in U.S. women living with HIV.

Methods
Participants in the treatment arm viewed a film in which women living with HIV talk about quitting smoking, and those in the control arm viewed an attention-control film in which women talk about living with HIV infection. Participants in both arms received eight weekly video-call counseling sessions focused on smoking cessation and nicotine patches or gum during the same period. Participants were followed on a monthly basis from quit day for 3 months.

Results
Of the 53 participants randomized, four withdrew before receiving any intervention, one dropped out during the intervention, and 48 (90.6%) completed the study. No difference was found in the baseline characteristics between the two arms with the exception that the treatment arm had higher nicotine dependence scores [t(1.51) = 2.30, p = .03] than the control arm. Seven day point-prevalence abstinence rates at 3 month follow-up were not found to differ between the two arms. However, the odds of achieving 3 month prolonged abstinence were four times greater (odds ratio = 4.23, 95% confidence interval = 1.10, 16.23) in the treatment arm than the control arm when the analysis was performed with those (n = 49, 92.5%) who received any part of the allotted intervention.

Conclusions
A digital storytelling intervention seems to be a valuable strategy to enhance the effect of conventional tobacco dependence treatment for women living with HIV. However, the underlying mechanism of the effect of digital storytelling necessitates further investigations in a large RCT.
Clinical Trials Registration No. NCT03289676
Babies Rule! Niches, Scaffoldings, and the Development of an Aesthetic Capacity in Humans
Authors: Portera Mariagrazia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Where does the human aesthetic come from? How does it develop? By introducing the notion of the ‘niche’ (‘aesthetic niche’) as a key term in an empirically and evolutionarily informed aesthetics, this paper aims to take a fresh look at these and similar questions. It also aims to shed new light on the development and functioning of the aesthetic capacity in humans and its trans-generational transmission. Drawing on recent research developments in evolutionary biology, developmental psychology, and cognitive sciences, I shall argue that the human aesthetic capacity—which I understand as the capacity, involving perceptual, cognitive and emotional processes, to enter into a pleasurable/non-pleasurable and expressive relation with objects, artworks, natural phenomena, or other people—relies on constructed environmental resources (that is, on a niche) for its emergence and its ontogenetic development.