bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adenosine‐5′‐triphosphate suppresses proliferation and migration capacity of human endometrial stem cells
Authors: Semenova Svetlana , Shatrova Alla , Vassilieva Irina , Shamatova Margarita , Pugovkina Natalja , Negulyaev Yuri 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExtracellular ATP through the activation of the P2X and P2Y purinergic receptors affects the migration, proliferation and differentiation of many types of cells, including stem cells. High plasticity, low immunogenicity and immunomodulation ability of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human endometrium (eMSCs) allow them to be considered a prominent tool for regenerative medicine. Here, we examined the role of ATP in the proliferation and migration of human eMSCs. Using a wound healing assay, we showed that ATP‐induced activation of purinergic receptors suppressed the migration ability of eMSCs. We found the expression of one of the ATP receptors, the P2X7 receptor in eMSCs. In spite of this, cell activation with specific P2X7 receptor agonist, BzATP did not significantly affect the cell migration. The allosteric P2X7 receptor inhibitor, AZ10606120 also did not prevent ATP‐induced inhibition of cell migration, confirming that inhibition occurs without P2X7 receptor involvement. Flow cytometry analysis showed that high concentrations of ATP did not have a cytotoxic effect on eMSCs. At the same time, ATP induced the cell cycle arrest, suppressed the proliferative and migration capacity of eMSCs and therefore could affect the regenerative potential of these cells.
Fresh, frozen or fake: A comparison of predation rates measured by various types of sentinel prey
Authors: Nagy Rebecca K. , Schellhorn Nancy A. , Zalucki Myron P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractArthropod predators and parasitoids support the health and functioning of the world's ecosystems, most notably by supplying biological control services to agricultural landscapes. Quantifying the impact that these organisms have on their prey can be challenging, as direct observation and measurement of arthropod predation is difficult. The use of sentinel prey is one method to measure predator impact; however, despite widespread use, few studies have compared predation on different prey types within a single experiment. This study evaluated the predation rates on four sentinel prey items in grass and wheat fields in south‐east Queensland, Australia. Attack rates on live and dead Helicoverpa armigera eggs, and dead H. armigera larvae and artificial plasticine larvae, were compared and the predators that were attracted to each prey type were documented with the use of field cameras. There was no significant difference in predation rates between sentinel eggs, while dead larvae were significantly more attacked than artificial larvae. Prey were attacked by a diverse range of predators, including ants, beetles, various nymph and juvenile insects and small mammals. Different predators were active in grass and crop fields, with predator activity peaking around dawn and dusk. The same trends were observed within and between the two habitats studied, providing a measure of confidence in the sentinel prey method. A range of different sentinel prey types could be suitable for use in most comparative studies; however, each prey type has its own benefits and limitations, and these should be carefully evaluated to determine which is most suitable to address the research questions.
REPORTING GUIDELINES FOR META‐ANALYSIS IN ECONOMICS
Authors: Havránek Tomáš , Stanley T. D. , Doucouliagos Hristos , Bom Pedro , Geyer‐Klingeberg Jerome , Iwasaki Ichiro , Reed W. Robert , Rost Katja , van Aert R. C. M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMeta‐analysis has become the conventional approach to synthesizing the results of empirical economics research. To further improve the transparency and replicability of the reported results and to raise the quality of meta‐analyses, the Meta‐Analysis of Economics Research Network has updated the reporting guidelines that were published by this Journal in 2013. Future meta‐analyses in economics will be expected to follow these updated guidelines or give valid reasons why a meta‐analysis should deviate from them.
University‐firm competition in basic research and university funding policy
Authors: Stenbacka Rune , Tombak Mihkel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe characterize equilibrium investments in basic research by the commercial and university sectors contingent on public funding of the university. We find that firms invest in basic research despite the opportunities for free riding and we present conditions under which firms even have incentives to augment the public funding to the university. We characterize the socially optimal volume of public funding for the university sector. Finally, we compare total investments in a mixed duopoly with those of duopolies composed of two universities as well as two profit‐maximizing firms.
Pasture trees contribute to structural heterogeneity and plant distributions in post‐agricultural forests decades after canopy closure
Authors: Holmes Marion A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractQuestionsOpen‐grown shade trees retained in pastures are legacies of agricultural history that influence recolonization dynamics and create structural heterogeneity in post‐agricultural forests. This work addresses the long‐term influence of pasture trees on forest structure and composition. I ask: Do signs of successional nucleation in microhabitat, structure and composition near pasture trees persist decades after canopy closure? If so, does variation primarily reflect seed deposition or environmental facilitation?LocationSoutheastern Ohio, USA.MethodsThirteen open‐grown trees greater than 70 cm in diameter in second‐growth forests 40–90 years old were selected as study sites. Trees, saplings, herbs, and environmental variables were sampled and compared at three positions around each tree: under the canopy, at the dripline, and in the forest matrix.ResultsSoil pH was lower and coarse woody debris most abundant under pasture tree canopies. Stems >10 cm in diameter at breast height were nearly absent under each focal tree's canopy and most abundant at its dripline. Composition under the canopy was limited to shade‐tolerant trees, whereas the dripline was characterized by vertebrate‐dispersed species. Ant‐dispersed, adhesive, and unassisted herb species were most abundant under embedded pasture trees compared with the forest matrix.DiscussionEvidence of nucleation around open‐grown trees persists for decades after canopy closure. Contrasts in structure and composition reflect spatially segregated interactions of competitive suppression and facilitation mediated by both dispersal and environment. Pasture trees contribute variation in microhabitat, composition, and structure to post‐agricultural forests, and their retention should be encouraged.
Orbit and origin of theLL7 chondrite Dishchii'bikoh (Arizona)
Authors: Jenniskens Peter , Moskovitz Nick , Garvie Laurence A. J. , Yin Qing‐Zhu , Howell J. Andreas , Free Dwayne L. , Albers Jim , Samuels David , Fries Marc D. , Mane Prajkta , Dunlap Daniel R. , Ziegler Karen , Sanborn Matthew E. , Zhou Qin , Li Qiu‐Li , Li Xian‐Hua , Liu Yu , Tang Guo‐Qiang , Welten Kees C. , Caffee Marc W. , Busemann Henner , Meier Matthias M. M. , Nesvorny David 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe trajectory and orbit of theLL7 ordinary chondrite Dishchii'bikoh are derived from low‐light video observations of a fireball first detected at 10:56:26UTCon June 2, 2016. Results show a relatively steep ~21° inclined orbit and a short 1.13AUsemimajor axis. Following entry in Earth's atmosphere, the meteor luminosity oscillated corresponding to a meteoroid spin rate of 2.28 ± 0.02 rotations per second. A large fragment broke off at 44 km altitude. Further down, mass was lost to dust during flares at altitudes of 34, 29, and 25 km. Surviving meteorites were detected by Doppler weather radar and several small 0.9–29 g meteorites were recovered under the radar reflection footprint. Based on cosmogenic radionuclides and ground‐based radiometric observations, the Dishchii'bikoh meteoroid was 80 ± 20 cm in diameter assuming the density was 3.5 g/cm3. The meteoroid's collisional history confirms that the unusual petrologic class ofLL7 does not require a different parent body than three previously observedLLchondrite falls. Dishchii'bikoh was ejected 11 Ma ago from parent body material that has a 4471 ± 6 Ma U‐Pb age, the same as that of Chelyabinsk (4452 ± 21 Ma). The distribution of the four known pre‐impactLLchondrite orbits is best matched by dynamical modeling if the source ofLLchondrites is in the inner asteroid belt in a low inclined orbit, with the highly inclined Dishchii'bikoh being the result of interactions with Earth before impacting.
The meteorite of Barcelona (1704): History, discovery, and classification
Authors: Llorca Jordi , Campeny Marc , Ibáñez Neus , Allepuz David , Camarasa Josep Maria , Aurell‐Garrido Josep 
Published: March 2020

AbstractOn Christmas Day 1704, at 17 h (UT), a meteorite fell in Terrassa (about 25 km NW of Barcelona). The meteorite fall was seen and heard by many people over an area of several hundred kilometers and it was recorded in several historical sources. In fact, it was interpreted as a divine sign and used for propaganda purposes during the War of the Spanish Succession. Although it was believed that meteorite fragments were never preserved, here we discuss the recent discovery of two fragments (49.8 and 33.7 g) of the Barcelona meteorite in the Salvador Cabinet collection (Botanic Institute of Barcelona). They are very well preserved and partially covered by a fresh fusion crust, which suggests a prompt recovery, shortly after the fall. Analysis of the fragments has revealed that the Barcelona meteorite is an L6 ordinary chondrite. These fragments are among the oldest historical meteorites preserved in the world.
Diabetes alters the involvement of myofibroblasts during periodontal wound healing
Authors: Retamal Ignacio , Hernández Romina , Velarde Victoria , Oyarzún Alejandro , Martínez Constanza , Julieta González María , Martínez Jorge , Smith Patricio C. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectivesMyofibroblasts constitute a specific cell phenotype involved in connective tissue healing. Diabetes alters the wound healing response. However, it is not clear whether diabetes modifies the involvement of myofibroblasts in periodontal wounds.Materials and MethodsType I diabetes was induced in rats through streptozotocin injection, and periodontal wounds were performed. Wound healing was evaluated histologically at 2, 5, 7, and 15 days by measuring epithelial migration, neutrophil infiltration, and collagen and biofilm formation. Distribution of myofibroblasts was evaluated through immunofluorescence for α‐smooth muscle actin. Data analyses were performed using the Shapiro–Wilk, ANOVA, or Kruskal–Wallis tests.ResultsDiabetic wounds were characterized by delayed epithelial closure, increased neutrophil infiltration, biofilm formation, and reduced collagen formation. Quantification of the myofibroblasts showed a significant reduction at 5 and 7 days in wounds of diabetic rats and an increase at 15 days when compared to wounds of non‐diabetic rats.ConclusionsDiabetic wound healing was associated with decreased epithelial and connective tissue healing, increased levels of inflammation, and biofilm formation. Myofibroblast differentiation was delayed in diabetic periodontal wounds at early time points. However, myofibroblasts persisted at later time points of healing. The present study suggests that diabetes alters the involvement of myofibroblasts during periodontal wound healing.
Biomechanical Evaluation of Preoperative Rehabilitation in Patients of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury
Authors: Li Wei , Li Zhongli , Qie Shuyan , Li Ji , Xi Jia‐ning , Gong Wei‐jun , Zhao Yue , Chen Xue‐mei 
Published: March 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate the biomechanical characteristics of patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury by gait analysis, surface electromyography (SEMG), and proprioception test, and provide rehabilitation suggestions according to the results.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, 90 adults with unilateral ACL injury, ranging in age from 19 to 45 years (66 men and 24 women, average age: 30.03 ± 7.91) were recruited for this study form May 2018 to July 2019. They were divided into three groups according to the time after the injury: group A (3‐week to 1.5‐month), group B (1.5‐month to 1 year), and group C (more than 1 year). The SEMG signals were collected from the bilateral rectus femoris (RF), vastus medialis (VM), and vastus lateralis (VL) and the root mean square (RMS) were used to assess muscular activity. SEMG were used to analyze muscles function, gait analysis was used to evaluate the walking stability, balance and location assessment were used to analyze the proprioception.ResultsThrough the comparison between bilateral limbs, all muscles strength shown decreased (RF: 239.94 ± 129.70 vs 364.81 ± 148.98, P = 0.001; VM: 298.88 ± 175.41 vs 515.79 ± 272.49, P = 0.001; VL:389.54 ± 157.97 vs 594.28 ± 220.31, P < 0.001) and the division of proprioception became larger (tandem position: 7.79 ± 1.57 vs 6.33 ± 1.49, P = 0.001; stance with one foot: 8.13 ± 0.84 vs 7.1 ± 0.57, P = 0.003; variance of 30°: 6.96 ± 3.15 vs 4.45 ± 1.67, P = 0.03; variance of 60°: 4.64 ± 3.38 vs 2.75 ± 1.98, P = 0.044) in the injured side when compared to the non‐injured and 26 gait parameters were shown difference in group A. In group B, the muscle strength of VL shown decreased (VL: 381.23 ± 142.07 vs 603.9 ± 192.72, P < 0.001) and the division of location of 30° became larger (7.62 ± 4.98 vs 4.33 ± 3.24, P = 0.028) in the injured side when compared to the non‐injured side and there were eight gait parameters that showed differences. In group C, the muscle strength and proprioception showed no differences and only 16 gait parameters showed differences between the bilateral limbs.ConclusionThe results proved the deterioration of proprioception in 30° of injured side will not recover and non‐injury side and will become worse after 1 year from the injury; among the VL, VM, and RF, the recovery rate of VL is the slowest and bilateral straight leg raising (SLR) (30°) is the best way to train it; the gait stability will be worse after 1 year from the injury. Therefore, we suggest that the training for proprioception in 30° and VL are important for the rehabilitation, and the ACL reconstruction should be performed within 1 year.
Momentary mood predicts upcoming real‐life sedentary behavior
Authors: Giurgiu Marco , Plotnikoff Ronald C. , Nigg Claudio R. , Koch Elena D. , Ebner‐Priemer Ulrich W. , Reichert Markus 
Published: March 2020

Humans in the industrialized world spend a large amount of daily time in sedentary behavior. Since sedentariness negatively impacts a variety of psychophysiological outcomes, the identification of antecedents that lead to sedentary behavior is an important public health issue. In this context, mood, a central indicator for both psychological well‐being and mental health, is severely understudied. To investigate whether mood dimensions influence subsequent sedentary behavior, we assessed both constructs at baseline via questionnaires and via ambulatory assessment (AA) over 5 days in 92 university employees. We continuously measured sedentary behavior using accelerometers and assessed mood repeatedly 10 times each day on smartphone diaries. We employed multiple regression analyses to analyze between‐subject effects and multilevel modeling to analyze within‐subject effects. Higher momentary ratings of valence (P < .05) and energetic arousal (P < .01) predicted lower amounts of subsequent sedentary behavior, whereas higher ratings of calmness (P < .01) predicted higher amounts of subsequent sedentary behavior. The context moderated the effect of energetic arousal and calmness on sedentary behavior with increased effects in the home compared to the work context. Mood significantly predicted sedentary behavior on a within‐subject level but not on a between‐subject level. Preliminary evidence suggests that mood regulates sedentary behavior in everyday life. Time‐sensitive analyses, such as from moment to moment revealed an association between mood and sedentary behavior (within‐subject), whereas analyses between different individuals revealed no associations (between‐subject). These preliminary findings may inform multicomponent intervention strategies that target mood, to reduce sedentary behavior in daily life.
Development of a tension pneumomediastinum during mechanical ventilation of a young Irish Wolfhound
Authors: Zersen Kristin M. , Haraschak Jenica L. , Sullivan Lauren A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo report the development of a tension pneumomediastinum during mechanical ventilation of a young Irish Wolfhound with aspiration pneumonia.Case SummaryA 9‐month‐old intact female Irish Wolfhound was presented for clinical signs consistent with aspiration pneumonia. Evaluation of her pedigree and clinical signs prompted suspicion of Irish Wolfhound rhinitis bronchopneumonia syndrome as a contributing factor. Despite supportive care for bronchopneumonia, progressive hypoxemia and increased work of breathing required mechanical ventilation (MV). Development of a pneumothorax 36 hours after initiation of MV necessitated bilateral thoracostomy tubes. Cardiovascular decline persisted despite resolution of the pneumothorax and 1 hour later the dog was humanely euthanized. On necropsy, severe pneumomediastinum was identified without other evidence of barotrauma. Necropsy results suggested tension pneumomediastinum as the cause of pneumothorax and cardiovascular deterioration.New or Unique Information ProvidedPneumomediastinum has not been described in dogs receiving MV. This case highlights the importance of rapid detection of pneumomediastinum during MV, as the complication can quickly become life‐threatening.
“It’s Our Responsibility”: Examining the Integration of Sexual Harassment and Assault Education in Sport Management Programs
Authors: Taylor Elizabeth A. , Paule-Koba Amanda 
Published: March 2020

Colleges and universities provide a practical setting where faculty can integrate a curriculum that teaches sport management students, who are the future sport industry leaders, on critical topics they will encounter while working in the field. In light of the recent cases of sexual violence in the sport world (e.g., USA Gymnastics/Michigan State University, Baylor Football, Carolina Panthers), this study sought to examine the types of education and training on sexual violence that sport management faculty are utilizing in the classroom. Through the use of qualitative methods, 21 sport management faculty from 4-year institutions were interviewed to determine if and how the topic of sexual violence was being integrated in the classroom. Results showed a majority of the faculty were integrating current events and topics related to sexual violence in the classroom. However, faculty perceived that some courses were a “better fit” for these topics than others. Faculty also reported challenges to teaching these topics as the lines between a legal, sociological, and ethical standpoint can become confusing for students.
Route of Infection That Induces a High Intensity of Gamma Interferon-Secreting T Cells in the Genital Tract Produces Optimal Protection againstChlamydia trachomatisInfection in Mice
Authors: Igietseme Joseph U. , Uriri Ijindah M. , Kumar Shantha N. , Ananaba Godwin A. , Ojior Omegbhai O. , Momodu Inua A. , Candal Debra H. , Black Carolyn M. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTThe induction of local T helper type 1 (Th1)-mediated cellular immunity is crucial for resistance of mice to genital infection by the obligate intracellular bacteriumChlamydia trachomatis. We tested the hypothesis that the route of immunization that elicits relatively high numbers of chlamydia-specific, gamma interferon (IFN-γ)-secreting T lymphocytes (ISTLs) in the genital tract would induce optimal protective immunity against reinfection. Female BALB/c mice were infected intravaginally (i.v.), intranasally (i.n.), orally (p.o.), or subcutaneously (s.c.) withC. trachomatis. At days 7, 14, 21, and 28 postinfection, T cells isolated from the genital tract tissues were restimulated with chlamydial antigen in vitro, and the amounts of IFN-γ induced were measured by a sandwiched enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. At day 7 postinfection, i.n.- and i.v.-immunized mice had high levels of chlamydia-specific ISTLs in their genital tracts (203.58 ± 68.1 and 225.5 ± 12.1 pg/ml, respectively). However, there were no detectable ISTLs in the genital tracts of p.o.- or s.c.-infected mice. When preinfected mice were challenged i.v. 70 days later, animals preexposed by the i.n. route were highly resistant to reinfection, with greatly reduced chlamydial burden, and suffered an attenuated infection that resolved by day 6 postchallenge. Animals preexposed by the i.v. route were modestly protected, whereas p.o. and s.c. groups were indistinguishable in this regard from control mice. The resistance of i.n.-immunized mice (and to some extent the i.v.-exposed mice) to reinfection was associated with early appearance (within 24 h) of high levels of genital ISTLs compared with mice preinfected by other routes. Furthermore, although i.n. and i.v.-immunized mice had comparable levels of chlamydia-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies in their vaginal washes, the levels of IgG2a were four- sixfold higher in i.n.-immunized mice than in any of the other groups. The results suggested that immunization routes that foster rapid induction of vigorous genital mucosal cell-mediated immune (CMI) effectors (e.g., IFN-γ), the CMI-associated humoral effector, IgG2a, and to some extent secretory IgA produce protective immunity against chlamydial genital infection. Therefore, i.n. immunization is a potential delivery route of choice in the development of a vaccine againstChlamydia.
Piracy of Decay-Accelerating Factor (CD55) Signal Transduction by the Diffusely Adhering StrainEscherichia coliC1845 Promotes Cytoskeletal F-Actin Rearrangements in Cultured Human Intestinal INT407 Cells
Authors: Peiffer Isabelle , Servin Alain L. , Bernet-Camard Marie-Françoise 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTDiffusely adheringEscherichia coli(DAEC) C1845 (clinical isolate) harboring the fimbrial adhesin F1845 can infect cultured human differentiated intestinal epithelial cells; this process is followed by the disassembly of the actin network in the apical domain. The aim of this study was to examine the mechanism by which DAEC C1845 promotes F-actin rearrangements. For this purpose, we used a human embryonic intestinal cell line (INT407) expressing the membrane-associated glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) protein-anchored decay-accelerating factor (DAF), the receptor of the F1845 adhesin. We show here that infection of INT407 cells by DAEC C1845 can provoke dramatic F-actin rearrangements without cell entry. Clustering of phosphotyrosines was observed, revealing that the DAEC C1845-DAF interaction involves the recruitment of signal transduction molecules. A pharmacological approach with a subset of inhibitors of signal transduction molecules was used to identify the cascade of signal transduction molecules that are coupled to the DAF, that are activated upon infection, and that promote the F-actin rearrangements. DAEC C1845-induced F-actin rearrangements can be blocked dose dependently by protein tyrosine kinase, phospholipase Cγ, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, protein kinase C, and Ca2+inhibitors. F-actin rearrangements and blocking by inhibitors were observed after infection of the cells with twoE. colirecombinants carrying the plasmids containing the fimbrial adhesin F1845 or the fimbrial hemagglutinin Dr, belonging to the same family of adhesins. These findings show that the DAEC Dr family of pathogens promotes alterations in the intestinal cell cytoskeleton by piracy of the DAF-GPI signal cascade without bacterial cell entry.