bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the performance of rope-wick herbicides applicator to control common reed
Authors: Al-Wagaa Adnan Hussein , Hadi Al-Obadui Ibraheem Ahmed , Alfarttoosi Hameed A. K. , AL-Gburi Omar Abdulrazzaq 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study was carried out in an ordinarily field of common reed Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin, one of invasive perennial weed in Iraq. originally focused on investigating the feasibilityof an applied herbicide treatment by using systematic herbicides of glyphosate (N-(phosphonomethyl glycine) and fluazifop-butyl to control the common reed. Doses of glyphosate and fluazifop-butyl were used and experiments were set using complete randomize block design (CRBD) with three repetitions. Seven treatment methods of herbicides (T1–T7) were involved. Results indicated the superiority of T7 to control common reed compared to other treatment methods and showed highest control rate of 61.74% using T7. More specifically, T7, T6, and T5 presented the lowest average regrowth rates of Phragmites australis that reached up to 61.74%, 57.94%, and 52.47%, respectively. The positive contribution of herbicides was continued around 180 days after the treatment. Moreover, T7 has accomplished a significant difference in the reduction of the plant height compared to other treatments. Also, the application of rope-wick of T7 has depicted the lowest total dry weight of vegetative (480.67 g/m2) compared to T1, T5, and T6. In the contrast, insignificant differences of the total dry weight of vegetative were noticed for T3, T4, and T5. The lowest rhizomes dry weight was observed for T2, T5, and T3 221.33 g/m2, 248.33 g/m2, and 270.67 g/m2, respectively. Glyphosate presented a prosperous controlling of common reed compared to fluazifop-butyl., The application of rope-wick has also gave a promising controlling of common reed compared to sprayers, which in turn reduced the usage of herbicides concentration that would be in line with mitigating the environmental pollution.
The effect of Neem oil in controlling Khapra beetle Trogoderma granarium (Dermestidae : Coleoptera) and reducing its associated fungal isolates in wheat grains
Authors: Kteo Battol Qasem , Mohammed Akram Ali 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium is an important pest of stored wheat worldwide. The current study was carried out to evaluate the lethal and the sublethal three concentrations of neem oil on T. granarium. We also assessed the effect of neem oil on the growth of fungal species associated with T. granarium infected wheat grains. The results demonstrate that treating of wheat grains with 5% neem caused the highest mortality of T. granarium (82.3%). The results were also shown that application of neem oil decreased the percentage of weight loss of wheat grains and the percentage of egg hatching. In addition, the total number of fungal isolates associated with T. granarium infecting neem-treated wheat grains were 4 fungal isolates, compared to 13 fungal isolates from untreated wheat grains. The results demonstrate that neem oil has potential use as a biological control agents of T. granarium; however, further studies under commercial storage conditions are required.
Some carcass traits and meat chemical characteristics of karadi lambs injected with testosterone enanthate
Authors: Mahmood Ayad B. , Al-Obaidi Ahmed S.A. , Omar Chowman A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of different injection doses of testosterone enanthate (TE) on some carcass traits and meat chemical characteristics of karadi lambs. Twenty-seven male lambs in weaning age and average live weight 28.5±3.4 kg of Karadi breed were allocated randomly by weight into three treatments (six lambs for each treatment), T1 (control) treatment, T2 was treated with 200 mg of TE injection (IM/week) and T3 was treated with 400 mg (IM/week) of it. All animals were feed with unified concentrate diet (table1) once a day (3% of lamb’s weight), ad libitum barley straw was provided and the water for all lambs was free. Each lamb was isolated in a separate pin. Three lambs of each treatment were chosen randomly and weighted then slaughtered humanly at the last of three different rearing periods (60, 90 and 120 days) from the study beginning. Several measurements have been taken such as hot, cold carcass weight, carcass length, carcass thorax circumference, thickness of fat, rib eye area, carcass cuts weight, offal weight, carcass and offal fat weight, longissimus dorsi approximate analysis. Results showed an increase in each: live, carcass, carcass cuts weights, rib eye area, carcass and offal fat, kidney, liver and lunge weight. Also there was a decrease in each: fat thickness, fat tail and testis weight with increased TE injection dose (between 200-400 mg).
The role of low concentrations of some sulfuric antioxidants on the semen characteristics of rams
Authors: Saieed A Y , Mahmood F A , Abd-Alkareem HA 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the effect of low concentrations of sulfuric antioxidants on sperm of rams. This study was conducted in the field of sheep and goats of the Department of Livestock in the collage of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad. The semen was collected using the artificial vagina at weekly rate (Pooled semen) and was subjected to different tests and then was divided into seven treatments but different concentrations of cysteine (0.5, 1mM) and glutathione (0.5, 1mM) and taurine (0.5, 1mM).The sample of the semen was diluted with Tris dilution (10: 1). The results showed that the low concentrations of glutathione, cysteine and taurine resulted in an improvement in the motility and integrity of the plasma membrane, dead sperm, DNA damage and survival sperm during the conservation period (0, 24, 48 hours).
Effect of Flaxseed on some hormonal profile and genomic DNA concentration in Karadi lambs
Authors: Yousif A N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The aims of the current study were to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of flaxseed powder on some hormonal profile and genomic DNA concentration of Karadi male lambs. Twelve healthy Karadi ram lambs, 6 months old, were randomly divided into 3 equal groups (4 lambs/group); and the treatments were as follow for two months; 0% considered as control group, 4% as a low level (T1), and 8% of flaxseed as a high level (T2) in their feed. Blood samples were collected from each ram lambs every two weeks, serum was separated immediately after sampling, testosterone, estradiol, growth hormone (GH), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), and Thyroxine (T4) were measured. Genomic DNA was extracted from each samples. The results showed that testosterone hormone concentration decreased significantly in T2 group (1.575±0.004 n.mol / l) in comparison to control group (6.95±1.992 n.mol / l). Estradiol hormone level significantly increased in T1 (293±4.2 P.mol/l) in comparison to control and T2 (128.5±5.485 and 139±8.083 P.mol/l) respectively. A positive significant effect of flaxseed recorded on growth hormone, which its level increased in T2 group (120±2 ng/ul) in comparison to T1 group (81.5±1 ng/ul). TSH concentration increased significantly in T1 and T2 groups (13.5±2 and 14.5±1 U/ml, respectively) in comparison to control group (7±1.5 U/ml), while T4 hormone was not affected. Flaxseed supplementation caused a significant decrease in Genomic DNA concentration in T2 group (56.2 ng) in comparison to control (28.7 ng). In conclusion, adding flaxseed in lamb rations caused a significant decrease of testosterone, increased estradiol concentration, also each of growth hormone and TSH hormones increased significantly, T4 not affected. This decrease in genomic DNA concentration with flaxseed supplementation may due to one of the mechanisms by which phytoestrogens may influence reproductive physiology that involve in inhibition of enzymes essential for DNA replication.
Molecular discrimination of maize CMS type and genetic relationship using RAMs markers
Authors: Alfalahi A O , Theer R M , Mohammed M A , Abdullah M H , Dhannoon O M , Hussein Z T , Drej M M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Molecular characterization of CMS is an environmentally-independent tool and represents an alternative way to consider genetic variation within and between the different maize populations. The current study which consisted of six cms lines of maize in the 8th generation (S8) revealed that all of these lines were C-type. The adopted six specific markers (forward and reverse) in detecting the three cms types produced a fragment with a molecular size of ∼350 bp. The used RAMs markers (UBC-810, UBC-812, UBC-821, UBC-848, UBC-854 and UBC-855) produced a total of 36 fragments across the lines genomes, 25 out of them were polymorphic scoring a polymorphism percentage of 69.4%. The PIC values indicated that UBC-821 was the most discriminative primer with a PIC value of 0.40 compared to UBC-854, and UBC-855 primers which had the humble capability to distinguish between the studied inbreds with a PIC value of 0.33. The results of cluster analysis based on the molecular discrimination confirmed that A1 has the lowest values of genetic similarity, hence it was the most genetically divergent against the other cms inbred lines, especially A6 (0.42). On the other hand, A2 and A3 lines found to be genetically related by scoring the maximum genetic similarity (0.92). Molecular investigations have several advantages over the traditional methods and will be helpful in the real evaluation of any genotype.
Seed priming of sorghum cultivars to tolerate salt stress
Authors: Shihab M O , Hamza J H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A laboratory experiment was carried out in the laboratories of College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad in 2017. Three factors were studied; Sorghum bicolor L. cultivars (Inqath, Rabeh and Buhoth70), primed and unprimed seed, and salt stress (0, 6, 9 and 12 dS.m−1). The aim was to improve germination and seedling growth under salt stress. The results showed significant superiority of Buhoth70 cultivar compared to others, significantly superiority of primed seed compared to the unprimed and significant negative impact as long as increasing levels of salt stress at germination ratio, plumule length, dry seedling weight and seedling vigor index. The interaction between cultivars, priming and salt stress showed that primed cultivars seed were better than unprimed to tolerate the salt stress at the same level of stress. A significant positive correlation found between all traits studied. It can conclude there was a role to the genotype and seed priming could enhance seed performance to tolerate salt stress. It can recommend priming sorghum seeds before planting under salt stress.
Evaluation the efficacy of nano-fertilization and Disper osmotic in treating salinity of irrigation water in quality and productivity properties of date palm Phoenix dactylifera L.
Authors: Altemimy H M A , Altemimy I H H , Abed A M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The study was conducted during two growth seasons (2018 and 2019) at the Al Husseiniya date palm station/Horticulture and Forestry Department/Karbala Governorate. The experiment included 54 with two cultivars date palm trees (27 trees of Khastawi cultivar and 27 of Zahdi cultivar). Three concentrations of nano-fertilizer (IQ Combi) which included (0, 0.5 and 1 g. L−1) were tested. In addition, three concentrations of bio-nutritious Disper Osmotic GS (0, 1 and 2 g. L−1) were used.. The results showed that there were significant differences between Khastawi and Zahdi cultivars in the percentage of fruits holding, with the highest percentage of hold fruits recorded in Zahdi cultivar (73.07%). In case of nano-fertilizer concentration of (1 g. L−1) was superior in producing the highest percentage of hold fruits (77.46%), compared with other concentrations. Moreover, Disper Osmotic gave the highest percentage of fruit holding at 2 g. L−1(76.09%). Zahdi cultivar was superior in the mean of fruit flesh weight, length and weight of fruits (6.346 g, 3.207 cm, 7.514 g). Application of nano-fertizer showed a significant effect in increasing the mean of fruit flesh weight, length and weight of fruits with a concentration of 1 g. L−1. Disper Osmotic was also increased the mean of fruit flesh weight, length and weight of fruits, where concentration of 2 g. L−1 gave the highest rates (6.779 g, 3.167 cm, 7.786 g), respectively, compared with control treatment.. The results were also showed that the percentage of fruit falling of Zahdi cultivar was 27.38% which significantly lower than Khastawi cultivar (35.28%). Treatment with nano-fertizer at 1g L−1 was significantly decreased the rate of fruit falling (28.09%). Also, Disper Osmotic at 2 g. L−1 was decreased the rate of fruit falling (30.94%), compared with control treatment. The results showed that date palm cultivar was not significantly affected the maturity ratio. There was a significant difference in the fruit Bunch Weight, where Zahdi cultivar was superior in giving the highest mean of fruit Bunch Weight (11.664 kg, palm−1). The results also showed superiority of nano-fertizer by giving the highest fruit Bunch Weight (11.329 kg) at 1 g. L-1 palm−1. While, Disper Osmotic has exceeded at concentration of 2 g. L−1.palm−1 significantly which gave giving the highest the highest fruit Bunch Weight (11.142 kg. palm−1). Bilateral and trilateral interactions were also showed significant effects in all studied traits.
Response of eggplant Solanum melongena L. To soil mulching, organic and inorganic fertilizers on vegetative growth traits and yield grown under unheated plastic house
Authors: AL-Bayati H J Muharam , Hamdoon D N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study was conducted in one of the unheated plastic house at the Department of Horticulture and Landscape design, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul during the agricultural season 2013-2014 to study the impact of two factors, the first: Soil mulching with black plastic and without mulching, the second: Foliar application of Liquid organic fertilizers (Azomin, Vit Org) and chemical fertilizer (Rosa Sol) at a concentration of 3 cm3. L−1 on growth and yield of eggplant plants Belen variety grown under the unheated plastic house, the experiment was designed in the Split Plot system within a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD)with three replicates. The treatment of the soil mulching was laid in the main plots and the fertilizers in the sub plots. The results could be summarized as:The soil mulching and organic fertilizers spraying increased plant height, leavesnumber, branches number per plant, leaf area, fruits number, plant yield and total yield.
Roots growth of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) as influenced by iron and copper foliar application
Authors: Al-Rubaei S M , Ali A A , Hasan M A , Rhif M M , Al-Ghazali N A 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis experiment was conducted in the plant canopy of the Department of Horticulture and landscape / College of Agriculture / University of Karbala for the period from mid-March to end of June 2019 to study the effect of spraying with different concentrations of iron and copper on the growth of apricot seedlings local variety.The experiment carried out using Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D) as a factorial experiment with two factors: iron with three concentrations 0, 30 and 60 mg. l−1and copper with three concentrations 0, 20 and 40 mg.l−1with three replicates for each treatment. Seedlings sprayed twice, duration from one spray to another one week starting from 15/3/2019. Irrigation done before spraying date for all treatments, at the end of June 2019, measurements taken and the results analyzed according to the statistical design used and the averages compared according to the least significant difference test with 0.05 probability. The most important results were:- Treatment with an iron concentration of 60 mg.l−1was the highest rates significantly compared to other concentrations in all growth traits.- Treatment achieved with copper at concentration of 40 mg.l−1significant superiority in most growth characteristics (root length, root size and dry weight of the root ), while 20 mg. l−1significantly superior in the root diameter.- The interaction between two factors had a significant effect on the majority of growth traits (root length, root size and dry weight of the root) respectively, while the interaction did not have a significant effect on the character of the root diameter.
The Role of Sewage Irrigation Management in Water Productivity, Growth and Yield Parameters of Broccoli in Al-Sulaimani government/Kurdistan region
Authors: Ati A S , Rahim B R , Neima H A , Muhamad R H 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The objective of the present work was to estimate water requirements and water use efficiency for Broccoli under normal irrigation conditions and sewage irrigation. Field experiment was carried out during the season 2018 at station/Sulaimni agricultural station/Bakrajo –College of Agricultural Sciences. The experiment included three treatments: River water irrigation in all season growth (I1), Sewage water irrigation in all season growth (I2), Alternate irrigation (one river irrigation followed by two sewage water irrigation) in all season growth (I3). The experimental Design was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Broccoli planted under surface irrigation system. Mean irrigation requirement for irrigation management scheduling gave water consumptive use values 442, 432 and 427 mm for river water, sewage water and alternate irrigation, respectively. Average yield Broccoli plant was 32.67, 40.25 and 46.73 Ton ha−1 for river water irrigation, sewage water irrigation and alternate irrigation, respectively. High performance of Alternate irrigation application was mentioned by plant height which record 39, 42 and 46 cm; head diameter 21, 25 and 28 cm; leaf area 306, 329 and 349 cm2 and number of leaves 18, 21 and 22 for river water irrigation, sewage water irrigation and alternate irrigation, respectively. WUEc were 7.39, 9.32 and 10.94 kg m−3 for river, sewage and alternate treatments, respectively. The results showed that the concentrations of these elements did not reach the critical limits in the fruits for all irrigation treatments. This is a positive and good result due to the increase in rainfall rates in this season led to weak accumulation of heavy metals in the soil and poor absorption by the plant.
Role of nano-particles fertilizers on growth of corn (Zea mays L.) c.v. 5018
Authors: Alyasari J W , Safi M Q , Alamery A A , Abudahi Y M , Jawad N N , Almosawy H M , Almosawy A N , Alkinani L Q , Al-Ghazali N A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A field experiment was carried out in the fields of Ibn al-Bitar vocational prep school in Husseiniya district in Kerbala governorate during the spring season 2018 to study the role of nonopartical fertilizers on the growth of corn (5018). cwtival(R.C.B.D) was done in three replicates and in one factor, Control B1 protikculbor with 1 mL.L-1 concentrationP2 protikcalbor with 2 ml.L-1 concentration andoptimus plus B3 protikculbor with 3 mL.L-1concentrationoptimus plus and B4 Nonotubes with 4 mL.L-1 concentration O1 protikcalbor with1mL.L-1 concentration O2 with 2 mL.L-1, O3 optimus plus with 3 mL.L-1 and O4 optimus plus with 4 mL.L-1. The results showed that the protikcalbor with 3mL.L-1treatmnt was superiorinthe plant height (152.2 cm) chlorophyll content (33.57). Spadprotikcalbor with 4mL.L-1 treatmnt was superior in the number of leaves (13.47) compared with the contrel which gave the lowest rates for all the traits.
Modeling of process of regulating production, processing and marketing of milk and milk products
Authors: Chernyakov M K , Chernyakova M M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article is devoted to the investigation of problems of regulating processes in dairy industry. One of such problems is the absence of effective informative technological technology of simulating these processes. To achieve the goal set, it has been supposed to apply the simulation based on the theory of Petri nets. Methodological base of the investigation includes the formal theory of Petri nets as well as the theory of its practical application. The work has demonstrated main stages of evolution of Petri nets from simple to innodiversification ones, the latter being suggested for simulating technological processes and systems of organizations of dairy industry. Specific feature of innodiversification Peri nets is the conjunction of combinations of all known kinds of Petri nets and the application of their advantages to solve particular tasks. It has been found that the instruments of innodiversification Petri nets may be effectively applied to simulate organizations of dairy industry of any level.
Research of the process of hogging of crankshafts with a single crank neck when stamping fillets
Authors: Emelyanov V N , Mirzakhamdamov O M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article describes the results of the research of the process of hogging of crankshafts (CS) with a single crank neck when stamping fillets and a computer program with the help of which it is possible to calculate the expected magnitude and direction of hogging of CS and also to select a combination of stamping modes at which the amount of hogging that needs to be done is minimal.
Development of a convolution algorithm for the content of a Web resource for processing by a neural network
Authors: Gorshkov S N , Solomonov D V , Dvoryaninova I V , Mihaylichenko R M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article aim to develop a convolution algorithm for the content of Web resources for processing by a neural network. The content of a web resource is represented in a vector form based on a co-occurrence matrix. A convolutional neural network, where the most significant features stand out from them, processes the content vectors of Web resources. The result is a collapsed content of Web resources in the form of a vector of significant features, which is the result.
Determination of the allowable minimum thickness of protective coating for welding in carbon dioxide
Authors: Sapozhkov S B , Arendateleva S I , Ushakova O V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Among industrial technologies, carbon dioxide welding occupies a leading position. However, this welding method is characterized by increased spattering of metal and splashing it on the welded piece of work. A protective coating layer applied to metal is effective means of preventing the consequences of this disadvantage. The paper developed the method for determining the minimum allowable thickness of the coating, sufficient to prevent the interaction of molten metal drops with the surface of the welded pieces of work.
On dynamics and control when finishing body parts
Authors: Shvetsov I V , Zhelnov D V , Zubarev Y M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
For designing machines, the optimal treatment regimens need to perform dynamic quality of the machine elastic system on the basis of imitating modeling of technological systems during the cutting process. When finishing body parts in some cases, problems arise with a high dynamic quality of the machine elastic system, as the workpiece has, as a rule, sufficiently high rigidity. The simulation modeling allows to obtain reliable qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the process being modeled. In the article the mathematical description of the dynamic model of milling machine is given taking into account the main mechanisms of the excitation process in multi-processing.