bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental observations and density functional simulations on the structural transition behavior of a two-dimensional transition-metal dichalcogenide
Authors: Liu W. , Duan Z. , Zhang C. , Hu X. X. , Cao J. B. , Liu L. J . , Lin L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this work, we show an obvious evidence of nondestructive Raman spectra for the structural transition, i.e., the existence of a charge density wave (CDW) in monolayer 2H-TaS2, which can exhibit a much higher transition temperature than bulk and results in additional vibrational modes, indicating strong interactions with light. Furthermore, we reveal that the degenerate breath and wiggle modes of 2H-TaS2 originated from the periodic lattice distortion can be probed using the optical methods. Since recently several light-tunable devices have been proposed based on the CDW phase transition of 1 T-TaS2, our study and in particular, the theoretical results will be very helpful for understanding and designing electronic devices based on the CDW of 2H-TaS2.
Reduction of charge offset drift using plasma oxidized aluminum in SETs
Authors: Hong Yanxue , Stein Ryan , Stewart M. D. , Zimmerman Neil M. , Pomeroy J. M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAluminum oxide ($${\text {AlO}}_x$$

AlO
x

)-based single-electron transistors (SETs) fabricated in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) chambers using in situ plasma oxidation show excellent stabilities over more than a week, enabling applications as tunnel barriers, capacitor dielectrics or gate insulators in close proximity to qubit devices. Historically, $${\text {AlO}}_x$$

AlO
x

-based SETs exhibit time instabilities due to charge defect rearrangements and defects in $${\text {AlO}}_x$$

AlO
x

often dominate the loss mechanisms in superconducting quantum computation. To characterize the charge offset stability of our $${\text {AlO}}_x$$

AlO
x

-based devices, we fabricate SETs with sub-1 e charge sensitivity and utilize charge offset drift measurements (measuring voltage shifts in the SET control curve). The charge offset drift ($$\Delta {Q_0}$$

Δ

Q
0

) measured from the plasma oxidized $${\text {AlO}}_x$$

AlO
x

SETs in this work is remarkably reduced (best $$\Delta {Q_0}=0.13 \, \hbox {e} \, \pm \, 0.01 \, \hbox {e}$$

Δ

Q
0

=
0.13

e

±

0.01

e

over $$\approx 7.6$$

≈
7.6

days and no observation of $$\Delta {Q_0}$$

Δ

Q
0

exceeding $$1\, \hbox {e}$$

1

e

), compared to the results of conventionally fabricated $${\text {AlO}}_x$$

AlO
x

tunnel barriers in previous studies (best $$\Delta {Q_0}=0.43 \, \hbox {e} \, \pm \, 0.007 \, \hbox {e}$$

Δ

Q
0

=
0.43

e

±

0.007

e

over $$\approx 9$$

≈
9

days and most $$\Delta {Q_0}\ge 1\, \hbox {e}$$

Δ

Q
0

≥
1

e

within one day). We attribute this improvement primarily to using plasma oxidation, which forms the tunnel barrier with fewer two-level system (TLS) defects, and secondarily to fabricating the devices entirely within a UHV system.
DNA metabarcoding to unravel plant species composition in selected herbal medicines on the National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) of Thailand
Authors: Urumarudappa Santhosh Kumar J. , Tungphatthong Chayapol , Prombutara Pinidphon , Sukrong Suchada 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTraditional medicines are widely traded across the globe and have received considerable attention in the recent past, with expectations of heightened demand in the future. However, there are increasing global concerns over admixture, which can affect the quality, safety, and efficacy of herbal medicinal products. In this study, we aimed to use DNA metabarcoding to identify 39 Thai herbal products on the Thai National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) and assess species composition and admixture. Among the products, 24 samples were in-house-prepared formulations, and 15 samples were registered formulations. In our study, DNA metabarcoding analysis using ITS2 and rbcL barcode regions were employed to identify herbal ingredients mentioned in the products. The nuclear region, ITS2, was able to identify herbal ingredients in the products at the genus- and family-levels in 55% and 63% of cases, respectively. The chloroplast gene, rbcL, enabled genus- and family-level identifications in 58% and 73% of cases, respectively. In addition, plant species were detected in larger numbers (Family identified, absolute %) in registered herbal products than in in-house-prepared formulations. The level of fidelity increases concerns about the reliability of the products. This study highlights that DNA metabarcoding is a useful analytical tool when combined with advanced chemical techniques for the identification of plant species in highly processed, multi-ingredient herbal products.
The impact of social ties and SARS memory on the public awareness of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak
Authors: Chen Haohui , Paris Cecile , Reeson Andrew 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study examines publicly available online search data in China to investigate the spread of public awareness of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak. We found that cities that had previously suffered from SARS (in 2003–04) and have greater migration ties to Wuhan had earlier, stronger and more durable public awareness of the outbreak. Our data indicate that 48 such cities developed awareness up to 19 days earlier than 255 comparable cities, giving them an opportunity to better prepare. This study suggests that it is important to consider memory of prior catastrophic events as they will influence the public response to emerging threats.
Effect of bentonite as a soil amendment on field water-holding capacity, and millet photosynthesis and grain quality
Authors: Mi Junzhen , Gregorich Edward G. , Xu Shengtao , McLaughlin Neil B. , Liu Jinghui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA field experiment was conducted in a semi-arid region in northern China to evaluate the effects of bentonite soil amendment on field water-holding capacity, plant available water, and crop photosynthesis and grain quality parameters for millet [Setaria italic (L.) Beauv.] production over a 5-year period. Treatments included six rates of bentonite amendments (0, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 Mg ha−1) applied only once in 2011. The application of bentonite significantly (P < 0.05) increased field water-holding capacity and plant available water in the 0–40 cm layer. Bentonite also significantly (P < 0.05) increased the emergence rate, above-ground dry matter accumulation (AGDM), net photosynthesis rate (Pr), transpiration rate (Tr), soil and plant analysis development (SPAD) and leaf water use efficiency (WUE). It also increased grain quality parameters including grain protein, fat and fiber content. Averaged over all the years, the optimum rate of bentonite was 24 Mg ha−1 for all plant growth and photosynthesis parameters except for grain quality where 18 Mg ha−1 bentonite had the greatest effect. This study suggests that bentonite application in semi-arid regions would have beneficial effects on crop growth and soil water-holding properties.
Effects of C-type natriuretic peptide on meiotic arrest and developmental competence of bovine oocyte derived from small and medium follicles
Authors: Jia Zhenwei , Wang Xueli 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe present study aimed to evaluate the effects of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) on meiotic arrest and developmental competence of bovine oocyte derived from follicles of different sizes. Collected immature cumulus-oocyte complexes from small follicles (< 3 mm) and medium follicles (3–8 mm) were cultured for 6 h in basal medium supplementated without or with 200 nM CNP. We observed that CNP effectively sustained meiotic arrest at germinal vesicle stage in in vitro cultured bovine oocytes from follicles of different sizes. Moreover, CNP treatment significantly improved the levels of cGMP in both cumulus cells and oocytes, as well as the levels of cAMP in oocytes regardless of follicle size. Based on the above results, we tested the effect of a novel in vitro maturation (IVM) system based on CNP-pretreatment, including a pre-IVM phase for 6 h using 200 nM CNP, followed by a extended IVM phase for 28 h, on developmental competence of bovine oocyte derived from small follicles (< 3 mm) and medium follicles (3–8 mm) compared to standard IVM system. The results showed that athough the novel IVM system based on CNP-pretreatment enhanced the developmental potencial of oocytes obtained from large follicles, but had no effect on the developmental comptence of oocytes obtained from small follicles.
Prediction of rupture risk in cerebral aneurysms by comparing clinical cases with fluid–structure interaction analyses
Authors: Cho Kwang-Chun , Yang Hyeondong , Kim Jung-Jae , Oh Je Hoon , Kim Yong Bae 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCerebral aneurysms should be treated on the basis of accurate rupture risk prediction. Nowadays, the rupture risk in aneurysms has been estimated using hemodynamic parameters. In this paper, we suggest a new way to predict the rupture risks in cerebral aneurysms by using fluid–structure interaction (FSI) analysis for better decision-making regarding treatment. A patient-specific model was constructed using digital subtraction angiography of 51 cerebral aneurysms. For each model, a thin-walled area (TWA) was first predicted using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and then the highest equivalent strain in the TWA was calculated with FSI by varying wall thicknesses and mechanical properties. A critical curve was made from 16 FSI results for each patient-specific model to estimate the rupture risk. On average, the equivalent strains of the ruptured aneurysms were higher than those of the unruptured aneurysms. Furthermore, the patterns of critical curves between unruptured and ruptured aneurysms were clearly distinguishable. From the rupture risk evaluation based on the cut-off value, 24 of the 27 unruptured aneurysms and 15 of the 24 ruptured aneurysms were matched with actual-clinical setting cases. The critical curve proposed in the present study could be an effective tool for the prediction of the rupture risk of aneurysm.
The effect of phosphorus on solidification behaviour of undercooled Al–70 wt.%Si alloys
Authors: Dang Bo , Jian Zengyun , Xu Junfeng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEffect of refining element phosphorus (P) on the morphology of the primary silicon in the Al–70 wt.%Si alloy was investigated via the electromagnetic levitation (EML) technique. The morphology and microstructure were analyzed by using high-speed video (HSV) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the morphology of primary silicon transformed from dendrites with several branches to blocky shape, and then to equiaxed grains in Al–70 wt.%Si and Al–70 wt.%Si–1.0 wt.%P alloys with increasing of undercooling. The nucleation number and nucleation rate increased exponentially with the increase of undercooling for both alloys. Finally, the growth velocity of primary silicon was discussed in combination with classical theory.
Deep-learning-based real-time prediction of acute kidney injury outperforms human predictive performance
Authors: Rank Nina , Pfahringer Boris , Kempfert Jörg , Stamm Christof , Kühne Titus , Schoenrath Felix , Falk Volkmar , Eickhoff Carsten , Meyer Alexander 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a major complication after cardiothoracic surgery. Early prediction of AKI could prompt preventive measures, but is challenging in the clinical routine. One important reason is that the amount of postoperative data is too massive and too high-dimensional to be effectively processed by the human operator. We therefore sought to develop a deep-learning-based algorithm that is able to predict postoperative AKI prior to the onset of symptoms and complications. Based on 96 routinely collected parameters we built a recurrent neural network (RNN) for real-time prediction of AKI after cardiothoracic surgery. From the data of 15,564 admissions we constructed a balanced training set (2224 admissions) for the development of the RNN. The model was then evaluated on an independent test set (350 admissions) and yielded an area under curve (AUC) (95% confidence interval) of 0.893 (0.862–0.924). We compared the performance of our model against that of experienced clinicians. The RNN significantly outperformed clinicians (AUC = 0.901 vs. 0.745, p < 0.001) and was overall well calibrated. This was not the case for the physicians, who systematically underestimated the risk (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the RNN was superior to physicians in the prediction of AKI after cardiothoracic surgery. It could potentially be integrated into hospitals’ electronic health records for real-time patient monitoring and may help to detect early AKI and hence modify the treatment in perioperative care.
Epigenetic modification of BDNF mediates neuropathic pain via miR-30a-3p/EP300 axis in CCI rats
Authors: Tan Ming , Shen Lulu , Hou Yayun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Recent investigation of microRNAs on chronic pain has developed a breakthrough in neuropathic pain management. In the present study, decreased expression of miR-30a-3p was reported using qRT-PCR analysis and loss of miR-30a-3p promoted neuropathic pain progression in sciatic nerve chronic constrictive injury rats through determining the pain threshold. We predicted miR-30a-3p could target E-cadherin transcriptional activator (EP300) via bioinformatics analysis. Meanwhile, we found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is involved in neuropathic pain. Here, we exhibited that EP300 epigenetically up-regulated BDNF via enhancing acetylated histone H3 and H4 on the promoter. For another, miR-30a-3p was able to modify the level of BDNF and acetylated histone H3 and H4. Loss of miR-30a-3p enhanced EP300 and BDNF colocalization in CCI rats. Subsequently, it was shown that increased EP300 induced neuropathic pain by an enhancement of neuronal BDNF level in vivo. To sum up, it was revealed that epigenetic modification of BDNF promoted neuropathic pain via EP300 induced by miR-30a-3p in CCI rats.
Presence of pepsin in laryngeal tissue and saliva in benign and malignant neoplasms
Authors: Zubčić Željko , Mendeš Tihana , Včeva Andrijana , Mihalj Hrvoje , Bogović Vjeran , Milanković Stjepan Grga 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives: The current study was performed to determine the presence of pepsin in saliva and laryngeal tissue among participants with benign and malignant laryngeal neoplasms.
Study design: Case–control study included three groups of patients with: (1) benign laryngeal neoplasms, (2) malignant laryngeal neoplasms and (3) control subjects without symptoms or signs of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR).
Methods: Eighty-one voluntary participants were included into study. They were recruited from a group of patients with histologically proven benign and malignant laryngeal neoplasms and in case of control subjects among patients with nasal septum deformation without symptoms of LPR.
Morning saliva samples were collected preoperatively. Tumor biopsies were collected by directoscopy of larynx and the control samples from interarytenoid unit of larynx. All samples were analyzed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Immunohistochemistry.
Results: Pepsin was found in all samples of saliva and tissue biopsies in groups with malignant and benign neoplasms. The highest concentration of pepsin was found in a group of patients with malignant laryngeal neoplasms. Patients with benign laryngeal neoplasms had lower concentrations and the control subjects presented with the lowest concentration of pepsin measured from their saliva. Differences were not statistically significant. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis showed the largest number of high positive samples in the group of malignant lesions.
Conclusion: These results suggest that pepsin and LPR can contribute to the development of benign and malignant laryngeal neoplasms. Further prospective studies, with far more patients, are necessary to prove the role of pepsin in multifactorial etiology of laryngeal neoplasms.
Children With Persistent Versus Transient Early Language Delay: Language, Academic, and Psychosocial Outcomes in Elementary School
Authors: Matte-Landry Alexandra , Boivin Michel , Tanguay-Garneau Laurence , Mimeau Catherine , Brendgen Mara , Vitaro Frank , Tremblay Richard E. , Dionne Ginette 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
The objective of this study was to compare children with persistent versus transient preschool language delay on language, academic, and psychosocial outcomes in elementary school.

Method

Children with persistent language delay (
n
= 30), transient language delay (
n
= 29), and no language delay (controls;
n
= 163) were identified from a population-based sample of twins. They were compared on language skills, academic achievement, and psychosocial adjustment in kindergarten and Grades 1, 3, 4, and 6.

Results
Children with persistent language delay continued to show language difficulties throughout elementary school. Furthermore, they had academic difficulties, in numeracy, and psychosocial difficulties (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder behaviors, externalizing behaviors, peer difficulties) from Grade 1 to Grade 6. Children with transient language delay did not differ from controls on language and academic performance. However, they showed more externalizing behaviors in kindergarten and peer difficulties in Grade 1 than controls.

Conclusion
Difficulties at school age are widespread and enduring in those with persistent early language delay but appear specific to psychosocial adjustment in those with transient language delay.
ATLASGAL-selected massive clumps in the inner Galaxy
Authors: Kim W.-J. , Wyrowski F. , Urquhart J. S. , Pérez-Beaupuits J. P. , Pillai T. , Tiwari M. , Menten K. M. 
Published: October 2020

Aims. We study ten molecular transitions obtained from an unbiased 3 mm molecular line survey using the IRAM 30 m telescope toward 409 compact dust clumps identified by the APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy (ATLASGAL) to better understand the photodissociation regions (PDRs) associated with these clumps. The main goal of this study is to investigate whether the abundances of the selected molecules show any variations resulting from the PDR chemistry in different clump environments.
Methods. We selected HCO, HOC+, C2H, c-C3H2, CN, H13CN, HC15N, and HN13C as PDR tracers, and H13CO+ and C18O as dense gas tracers. By using estimated optical depths of C2H and H13CN and assuming optically thin emission for other molecular transitions, we derived the column densities of those molecules and their abundances. To assess the influence of the presence and strength of ultra-violet radiation, we compare abundances of three groups of the clumps: HII regions, infrared bright non-HII regions, and infrared dark non-HII regions.
Results. We detected C18O, H13CO+, C2H, c-C3H2, CN, and HN13C toward most of the observed dust clumps (detection rate >94%), and H13CN is also detected with a detection rate of 75%. On the other hand, HCO and HC15N show detection rates of 32 and 39%, respectively, toward the clumps, which are mostly associated with HII region sources: detection rates of HCO and HC15N toward the HII regions are 66 and 79%. We find that the abundances of HCO, CN, C2H, and c-C3H2 decrease as the H2 column density increases, indicating high visual extinction, while those of high-density tracers (i.e., H13CO+ and HC15N) are constant. In addition, N(HCO)/N(H13CO+) ratios significantly decrease as H2 column density increases, and, in particular, 82 clumps have X(HCO) ≳ 10−10 and N(HCO)/N(H13CO+) ≳ 1, which are indications of far-ultraviolet (FUV) chemistry. This suggests the observed HCO abundances are likely associated with FUV radiation illuminating the PDRs. We also find that high N(c-C3H2)/N(C2H) ratios found for HII regions that have high HCO abundances (≳10−10) are associated with more evolved clumps with high Lbol/Mclump. This trend might be associated with grain-surface processes, which determine the initial abundances of these molecules, and time-dependent effects in the clumps corresponding to the envelopes around dense PDRs and HII regions. In addition, some fraction of the measured abundances of the small hydrocarbons of the HII sources may be the result of the photodissociation of PAH molecules.
One-Pot Synthesis of a Cyclic Pyrene Octamer from Two Bifunctionalized Pyrene Monomers
Authors: Yamada Hiroko , Aratani Naoki , Mei Peifeng , Kurosaki Ryo , Matsumoto Akinobu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA 2,2′-tert-butyl-5,9-6′,8′-cyclooctameric pyrenylene ([8]CP) was synthesized by a one-pot Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction from two kinds of bifunctionalized monomers, as a rare example of a cyclic octamer. The octameric molecular structure of [8]CP was revealed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
Epidemiology of Adenomyosis
Authors: Upson Kristen , Missmer Stacey A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAdenomyosis, characterized by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma within the myometrium, can have a substantial impact on the quality of women's lives. Despite this, the epidemiologic research on this condition lags considerably behind that of other noncancerous reproductive health conditions. The lack of progress and knowledge is due in part to the challenges in designing valid epidemiologic studies, since the diagnosis of adenomyosis historically has been limited to the examination of uterine specimens from hysterectomy. This review describes the available data on the frequency of this condition and the epidemiologic investigation thus far into the risk factors for disease—highlighting the methodologic and inference challenges primarily around study sample selection. We conclude with providing recommendations for approaches to future epidemiologic study that capitalize on the advancements in imaging technology to detect adenomyosis and provide a fuller picture of the occurrence and risk factors for disease.
Can maritime big data be applied to shipping industry analysis? Focussing on commodities and vessel sizes of dry bulk carriers
Authors: Kanamoto Kei , Murong Liwen , Nakashima Minato , Shibasaki Ryuichi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEnriched navigational information provided by an automatic identification system (AIS) could improve the estimation accuracy of trade patterns analysis by using different data sources. This paper estimates the global trade flow pattern of dry bulk cargo by commodity, namely iron ore, coal, grains, fertilisers, and iron and steel. We use AIS data and the information on commodities handled in ports, estimated by using a two-tiered Geohash geocoding. Estimation results are accurate at country level except for iron and steel. The results are used to quantify the impact of the previously identified variables on vessel size selection by regression analysis and a multinomial logit model. Finally, our model is used to forecast the future shipping demand by vessel type and commodity.
Luminescence of Xe2Cl* upon laser excitation of Cl2 – Xe mixtures in a wide pressure range
Authors: Shirokikh A.P. , Mamaev S.B. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The luminescence of Xe2Cl* excimer upon optical excitation of high-pressure Cl2 – Xe mixtures by XeCl laser pulses (λ = 308 nm) with different energies is investigated. It is shown that small-signal gain of the Xe2Cl amplifier may reach ∼1.3 × 10−1 cm−1 in a mixture of Cl2 and Xe with partial pressures of 4 Torr and 9 atm, respectively, and an excitation fluence of 1026 photons cm−2 s−1.