bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Roles of Tris(trimethylsilyl) Phosphite (TMSPi) in LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811)/Silicon–Graphite (Si–Gr) Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Haidong , Naylor Andrew J. , Menon Ashok Sreekumar , Brant William R. , Edström Kristina , Younesi Reza 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe coupling of nickel‐rich LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) cathodes with high‐capacity silicon–graphite (Si–Gr) anodes is one promising route to further increase the energy density of lithium‐ion batteries. Practically, however, the cycle life of such cells is seriously hindered due to continuous electrolyte degradation on the surfaces of both electrodes. In this study, tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite (TMSPi) is introduced as an electrolyte additive to improve the electrochemical performance of the NMC811/Si–Gr full cells through formation of protective surface layers at the electrode/electrolyte interfaces. This is thought to prevent the surface fluorination of the active materials and enhance interfacial stability. Notably, TMSPi is shown to significantly reduce the overpotential and operando X‐ray diffraction (XRD) confirms that an irreversible “two‐phase” transition reaction caused by the formed adventitious Li2CO3 layer on the surface of NMC811 can transfer to a solid‐solution reaction mechanism with TMSPi‐added electrolyte. Moreover, influences of TMSPi on the cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) on the NMC811 and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the Si–Gr are systematically investigated by electron microscopy and synchrotron‐based X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy which allows for the nondestructive depth‐profiling analysis of chemical compositions and oxidation states close to the electrode surfaces.
Visible‐Light‐Enabled Multicomponent Cascade Transformation from Indoles to 2‐Azidoindolin‐3‐yl 2‐Aminobenzoates
Authors: Zhang Ling‐Ling , Xu Meng‐Meng , Cao Wen‐Bin , Xu Xiao‐Ping , Ji Shun‐Jun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe synthesis of 2‐azido‐1‐benzoylindolin‐3‐yl 2‐benzamidobenzoate commencing from (1H‐indol‐1‐yl)(phenyl)methanone and trimethylsilyl azide (TMSN3) under oxygen atmosphere is described in this paper. This transformation proceeds via a sequential dearomatization and ring‐opening cascade reaction of indoles in a cascade manner.magnified image
SGCE Promotes Breast Cancer Stem Cells by Stabilizing EGFR
Authors: Zhao Lina , Qiu Ting , Jiang Dewei , Xu Haibo , Zou Li , Yang Qin , Chen Ceshi , Jiao Baowei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBreast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) are responsible for resistance to chemotherapy, high degree of metastasis, and poor prognosis, especially in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). The CD24lowCD44high and high aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) cell subpopulation (CD24lowCD44high ALDH1+) exhibit very high tumor initiating capacity. In the current study, the upregulated genes are analyzed in both CD24lowCD44high and ALDH1+ cell populations at single‐cell resolution, and a highly expressed membrane protein, SGCE, is identified in both BCSC populations. Further results show that SGCE depletion reduces BCSC self‐renewal, chemoresistance, and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo, partially through affecting the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). For the underlying mechanism, SGCE functions as a sponge molecule for the interaction between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its E3 ubiquitination ligase (c‐Cbl), and thus inhibits EGFR lysosomal degradation to stabilize the EGFR protein. SGCE knockdown promotes sensitivity to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), providing new clues for deciphering the current failure of targeting EGFR in clinical trials and highlighting a novel candidate for BCSC stemness regulation.
The Parallel Encounter: An Alternative to the Traditional Serial Trainee–Attending Patient Evaluation Model
Authors: Andre Hayley E. , Daniel Michelle , Haas Mary R. C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe emergency department environment requires the clinician‐educator to use adaptive teaching strategies to balance education with efficiency and patient care. Recently, alternative approaches to the traditional serial trainee–attending patient evaluation model have emerged in the literature.MethodsThe parallel encounter involves the attending physician and resident seeing the patient independently. Instead of the trainee delivering a traditional oral case presentation, the trainee does not present the history and examination to the attending physician. Rather, the attending and trainee come together following their independent evaluations to jointly discuss and formulate the assessment and plan.ResultsThe parallel encounter has the potential to enhance the teaching encounter by emphasizing clinical reasoning, reduce cognitive bias by integrating two independent assessments of the same patient, increase attending workflow flexibility and efficiency, and improve patient satisfaction and outcomes by reducing time to initial provider contact. The attending must be mindful of protecting resident autonomy. This model tends to work better for more senior learners.ConclusionsThe parallel encounter represents a novel approach to the traditional serial trainee–attending patient evaluation model that may enhance the teaching encounter and improve patient care.
Sweetpotato leaf curl virus decreased storage root yield and quality of edible sweetpotato in China
Authors: Hou Fuyun , Xie Beitao , Qin Zhen , Li Aixian , Dong Shunxu , Zhang Haiyan , Duan Wenxue , Zhang Liming , Wang Qingmei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSweetpotato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) causes leaf curl symptoms in sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam]. These symptoms disappear under high temperature. Previous studies have shown that SPCLV reduces storage root yield in sweetpotato. However, knowledge of SPLCV's effect on root quality is limited. In this study, we surveyed the effect of SPLCV on storage root yield and quality in edible sweetpotato. Quantitative real‐time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction and leaf paraffin section results showed that the SPLCV mRNA level and the distribution density of spongy mesophyll cells in SPLCV‐infected plants were significantly higher than in healthy control plants (CK). Leaf net photosynthetic rate, vine length, and storage root yield were reduced in SPLCV‐infected plants during the growing period, and the shoot/root ratio was significantly increased compared with CK. Additionally, root abscisic acid, auxin, and zeatin riboside contents under SPLCV infection were higher than the CK, whereas root gibberellic acid content was lower. Root dry matter, starch, and carotenoid contents were lower in the infected plants than in the CK. Moreover, SPLCV‐infected plants showed reduced expression of starch and carotenoid metabolitic genes, such as ADP‐glucose pyrophosphorylase‐ß, granule‐bound starch synthase I, starch branching enzyme I and II, and carotenoid isomerase, and increased expression of α‐amylase, ß‐carotene hydroxylase, and zeaxanthin epoxidase. These results suggest that sweetpotato infected by SPLCV had decreased storage root yield and decreased starch and carotenoid contents through reducing photosynthetic capacity, regulating starch and carotenoid degradation, and changing endogenous hormone contents. Therefore, effective management should be taken to prevent SPLCV epidemics during sweetpotato production.
Assessing irrigation water use efficiency and economy of twin‐row soybean in the Mississippi Delta
Authors: Pinnamaneni Srinivasa R. , Anapalli Saseendran S. , Reddy Krishna N. , Fisher Daniel K. , Quintana‐Ashwell Nicolas E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTwin‐row planting in soybean (Glycine max L.) has been proposed for optimizing resource use and seed yield. Experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 on a Dundee silt loam to assess soybean seed yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) in response to single‐row (SR) and twin‐row (TR) planting geometries under rainfed (RF), all row or full irrigation (FI), and alternate row or half irrigations (HI). Averaged across two crop years and three irrigation regimes, TR enhanced seed yield by 13% over SR (4.5 vs. 4.0 Mg ha−1). The final plant stands established in the FI, HI, and RF under TR were 32, 33, and 31 plants m−2, whereas 30, 31, and 27 plants m−2 were established under SR. Under both SR and TR, irrigations produced a higher number of pods per plant than of RF. Averaged across crop years, yields in the irrigation–planting geometry combinations were 4.8 Mg ha−1 in FI‐TR, 4.7 in Mg ha−1 in HI‐TR, 4.2 Mg ha−1 in FI‐SR, 4.1 Mg ha−1 each in RF‐TR and HI‐SR, and 3.6 Mg ha−1 in RF‐SR. The HI‐TR combination had the highest IWUE of about 0.0063 Mg ha−1 mm−1 of water, followed by HI‐SR with 0.0053 Mg ha−1 mm−1. The seed yield in FI‐TR was not significantly higher than that of HI‐TR. Thus, conversion from FI‐TR to HI‐TR can save half the amount of irrigation without compromising yield or economic returns. Conversion from SR to TR is profitable regardless of the irrigations.
Bilateral vocal cord paralysis in a hanging survivor: a case report
Authors: Kunii Mayuko , Ishida Kenichiro , Ojima Masahiro , Sogabe Taku , Shimono Keiichiro , Tanaka Tasuke , Ohnishi Mitsuo 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundComplications in survivors after typical hanging have not been well characterized because of the high mortality rate.Case PresentationWe present a patient with bilateral vocal cord paralysis following typical hanging. A 39‐year‐old man with depression attempted suicide by hanging. He was in a coma and was transported to our hospital. Emergency endotracheal intubation was carried out. After 10 days of mechanical ventilation, he was extubated. After extubation, his voice was hoarse and stridor was heard. Vocal cord paralysis became apparent by laryngeal fiberscopy, and a tracheotomy was carried out. It resolved gradually 2 months after injury without surgery or drug treatment.ConclusionAlthough vocal cord paralysis after typical hanging is rare, there is a need for adequate assessment of the airways in survivors of typical hanging as a differential diagnosis of airway edema after extubation.
Novelmulti‐element DOPOderivative towardlow‐flammabilityepoxy resin
Authors: Luo Haiqiang , Rao Wenhui , Liu Yuanli , Zhao Peng , Wang Liang , Yu Chuanbai 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn order to obtain cured epoxy resin (EP) with satisfactory thermal stability and flame retardancy, a multi‐element P/N/Si‐containing flame retardant (DPAK) was synthesized by a facile way and was used as a reactive flame retardant to prepare flame‐retardant EP. The flame‐retardant efficiency of DPAK was subsequently evaluated by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL‐94, and cone calorimeter (CC) test. With a low incorporation amount of DPAK (4 wt%), the resultant EP achieve to UL‐94 V‐0 rating, and the corresponding LOI value reached to 30%, which was higher than that of EP containing DOPO (2.9 wt%). More importantly, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed their higher thermal stability than those of EP containing DOPO. Furthermore, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) shown the maintained glass transition temperature of DPAK‐EP. The increase of CO/CO2ratio in the CC test for the DPAK‐EP samples proved the gas‐phase activity of DPAK. Additionally, DPAK showed evidence of condensed phase activity by increasing char residue in TGA and CC test. The scanning electronic microscope together with the energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometer (SEM–EDX) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) exhibited that DPAK promoted the formation of compacted phosphorus‐silicon char layer. Subsequently, TG‐FTIR results indicated that DPAK‐EP produced lesser combustible gases than neat sample did, improving flame‐retardant properties of epoxy resin.
Seismic and non‐invasive geophysical surveys for the renovation project of Branciforte Palace in Palermo
Authors: Martorana Raffaele , Capizzi Patrizia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe renovation project of the historic Branciforte Palace (16th–17th century) in Palermo (Italy) was owned by the Banco di Sicilia Foundation, with the aim for it to become a multi‐purpose centre for the promotion of exhibitions and cultural events. In the context of the restoration work, a multi‐methodological and non‐invasive geophysical study has been carried out. The seismic characterization of the foundation soils was obtained by means of joint interpretations of a vertical seismic profile (VSP), multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) and horizontal to vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) microtremor analysis. The mutually constrained inversion of seismic surveys carried out with different techniques made it possible to obtain a robust interpretation of the foundation soils. Moreover, indoor geophysical surveys have been carried out to identify critical issues in the state of conservation of the floors and wall structures. In particular ground penetrating radar (GPR) profiles and an electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) have been carried out on the floor of the stable of the Palace, to evaluate in detail the state of consolidation of the foundation soil, in correspondence of a double row of marble columns, some of which were affected by differential subsidence. The joint interpretation allowed to generate a three‐dimensional (3D) model of the foundation's subsoil, highlighting the irregular surface of the foundation rock and to identify the main structural voids responsible for subsidence. Furthermore, some supporting columns have been investigated by means of ultrasonic tomography (UST) to verify their state of degradation. Finally, infrared thermography (IRT) images of the internal and external walls and of the vaults highlighted differences in the type of masonry and in the state of the plaster.
Ökosystem Darm
Authors: Brüssow Harald 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Analyse des menschlichen Mikrobioms hat ein neues Kapitel der Humanbiologie eröffnet. Die Zusammensetzung speziell des Darmmikrobioms wurde mit einer Vielzahl menschlicher Erkrankungen in Verbindung gebracht. Nach Abschluss einer beschreibenden Forschungsphase, wird nun nach Mitteln für therapeutische Eingriffe gesucht. Die hohe Komplexität des Darmmikrobioms und zu wenige Verlaufsstudien erweisen sich dabei als Barrieren, um Kausalzusammenhänge von bloßen Assoziationen zu trennen. Gezielte gesundheitsfördernde Veränderungen des Mikrobioms erweisen sich dabei als schwierig.
Left ventricular ejection fraction as an independent predictor of poor outcome in acute intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Yang Guang , Wang Lu , Sun Jingxian , Zhang Daming , Zhang Ruotian , Yuan Chao , Long Meixin , Zhong Yingqiang , Li Chunmei , Wang Xiaoxiong , Chen Xin , Zhou Qi , Liu Bo , Jiang Hongquan , Lian Ailing , Gareev Ilgiz , Li Lili , Zhao Shiguang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroductionFew studies of the effect of cardiac abnormalities on acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) outcomes have been published. We sought to determine whether the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is associated with the functional outcome and mortality of acute ICH patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study on 364 acute ICH patients from January to December 2016. The primary outcome was defined by the modified Rankin Scale and mortality at 3 months. The associations between LVEF and outcome were investigated using univariable and multivariable logistic regression models.ResultsDepressed LVEF was significantly associated with a poor functional outcome with an odds ratio [OR] of 0.966, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.942–0.991, p = .008, and high mortality (OR 0.968 [95% CI 0.943–0.994], p = .015) at 3 months for acute ICH patients by univariate analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that LVEF was an independent predictor of a poor functional outcome (OR 0.961 [95% CI 0.935–0.988], p = .005) and mortality (OR 0.949 [95% CI 0.918–0.981], p = .002). The percentage of acute ICH patients with poor functional outcome (p = .005) and mortality (p = .002) was obviously higher in the group of patients with a LVEF of <50%.ConclusionsLVEF is an independent predictor of functional outcome and mortality at 3 months for acute ICH patients. These findings could provide the evidence needed for prognosis prediction in acute ICH patients.
Breast‐conserving therapy shows better prognosis in mucinous breast carcinoma compared with mastectomy: A SEER population‐based study
Authors: Yu Ping , Liu Peng , Zou Yutian , Xie Xinhua , Tang Hailin , Li Na , Xie Xiaoming , Ye Feng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundMucinous breast carcinoma (MBC) is a relatively rare pathological type of breast cancer. Compared with mastectomy in MBC, the effect and safety of breast‐conserving therapy (BCT) remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the long‐term prognosis of BCT and mastectomy in T1‐2 stage mucinous breast carcinoma via the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.MethodsTotally, 8830 patients who were diagnosed of mucinous breast carcinoma between 2004 and 2014 from SEER database were reviewed retrospectively. Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan‐Meier method were performed for evaluating the relationship between surgical method and prognosis.ResultsOne thousand three hundred and twenty (14.9%) patients underwent mastectomy and 7510 (85.1%) underwent BCT. The median follow‐up time was 77 months. There were more non‐Hispanic white, married, and younger (<65 years) patients, as well as lower stage of tumor sizes, lymph nodes and more favorable histologic grade, ER positive, and PR positive in BCT group (P < .05). Patients in BCT group had relatively better overall survival (OS) than those in mastectomy group. The risk of death from any cause in BCT group was lower than that in mastectomy group significantly (HR = 0.786, 95% CI: 0.703‐0.879, P < .001), while no difference significantly was observed in breast cancer‐specific survival (BCSS) between BCT and mastectomy groups. In stratified analysis according to T stage, BCT group had better OS than mastectomy group for patients of T1 stage (HR = 0.679, 95% CI: 0.589‐0.781, P < .001) or T2 stage (HR = 0.769, 95% CI: 0.646‐0.915, P = .003). In stratified analysis according to the different ages, BCT showed OS benefit in patients at the age of 50‐64 years (HR = 0.587, 95% CI: 0.408‐0.846, P = .004) and the age of 65‐79 years (HR = 0.636, 95% CI: 0.535‐0.758, P = .001). For patients younger than 50 years or not younger than 80 years, there was no difference significantly observed in OS between BCT and mastectomy groups (P > .05).While for patients who received BCT, the use of radiotherapy showed OS benefit.ConclusionsThis large population‐based study indicated patients who received BCT had better prognosis than those received mastectomy in T1‐2 stage MBC, especially in patients at the age of 50‐79 years. The use of radiotherapy showed OS benefit in patients receiving BCT. Breast‐conserving therapy might be preferred over mastectomy especially in locoregional treatment of T1‐2 stage MBC.
Cofactors as Molecular Fossils To Trace the Origin and Evolution of Proteins
Authors: Chu Xin‐Yi , Zhang Hong‐Yu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDue to their early origin and extreme conservation, cofactors are valuable molecular fossils for tracing the origin and evolution of proteins. First, as the order of protein folds binding with cofactors roughly coincides with protein‐fold chronology, cofactors are considered to have facilitated the origin of primitive proteins by selecting them from pools of random amino acid sequences. Second, in the subsequent evolution of proteins, cofactors still played an important role. More interestingly, as metallic cofactors evolved with geochemical variations, some geochemical events left imprints in the chronology of protein architecture; this provides further evidence supporting the coevolution of biochemistry and geochemistry. In this paper, we attempt to review the molecular fossils used in tracing the origin and evolution of proteins, with a special focus on cofactors.
An Effective Method for Quantifying RNA Expression of IbsC‐SibC, a Type I Toxin‐Antitoxin System in Escherichia coli
Authors: Jahanshahi Shahrzad , Li Yingfu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractToxin and antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic modules consisting of a toxin protein and an RNA or protein antitoxin. It is difficult to study their functions in a large part due to the lack of effective methods to study toxin RNAs, which usually exist at exceptionally low levels. Herein, we describe a sensitive reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR) method that is able to quantitate such RNA species. The method was directed at detection of the toxin mRNA of the ibsC‐sibC TA pair, and its high specificity was validated by sequencing. The approach was used to determine relative expression of the IbsC and SibC RNAs at different cell‐growth phases; this revealed an expression pattern that cannot be explained by the prevailing notion of growth stasis by the toxin and rescue by the antitoxin. The usefulness of the method was further showcased by the determination of average cellular copy numbers of the IbsC‐SibC RNAs in wild‐type E. coli cells and RNA abundance in E. coli cells engineered with extra copies of the ibsC‐sibC genes. With a robust method to quantitate cellular small RNAs at very low concentrations, we are now equipped to study the expression of TA systems under different conditions to gain useful insights about their functions.
Two‐Dimensional Nanosheet Structure of Co, S Co‐Doped Carbon‐Framework Supported MoO2 for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline Solutions
Authors: Zhang Ying , Hu Guojing , Li Jing , Zhu Xingqun , Liu Ping , Xiang Bin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSearching a low‐cost and excellent performance catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is important for enhancing the efficiency of water splitting. In this manuscript, we report the Co, S co‐doped carbon‐framework supported MoO2 nanosheets (Co, S/MoO2−C) for HER. The carbon‐framework improves the distribution of the MoO2, which causes a large number of exposed active sites. The synergistic effect of Co and S enhances the electron transport of the MoO2. As a result, the Co, S/MoO2−C exhibits a low overpotential (62 mV vs. RHE) and enhanced stability in 1 M KOH for HER. Our work puts forward a novel method to improve the catalytic performance of MoO2 and provides a new option to prepare excellent catalysts.
In Situ Synthesized Silica‐Supported Co@N‐Doped Carbon as Highly Efficient and Reusable Catalysts for Selective Reduction of Halogenated Nitroaromatics
Authors: Sheng Yao , Wang Xueguang , Yue Shengnan , Cheng Gonglin , Zou Xiujing , Lu Xionggang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSilica‐supported Co@N‐doped carbon (Co@CN/SiO2) catalysts were first prepared by a one‐step impregnation with a mixed solution of cobalt nitrate, glucose and urea, followed by in situ carbonization and reduction. The Co@CN/SiO2 catalysts were investigated for the selective reduction of nitro aromatics to the corresponding anilines using hydrazine hydrate. The Co@CN/SiO2‐500 carbonized at 500 °C exhibited the highest catalytic activity and excellent stability without any decay of activity after 6 cycles for the reduction of nitrobenzene. Both metallic Co atoms and Co−N species formed in the Co@CN/SiO2 catalysts were active, but the Co−N species were dominant active sites. The high activities of the Co@CN/SiO2 catalysts were attributed to the synergistic effect between the Co and N atoms, promoting heterolytic cleavage of hydrazine to form H+/H− pairs. Representative examples demonstrated that the Co@CN/SiO2‐500 could completely transform various halogen‐substituted nitro aromatics to the corresponding halogenated anilines with high TOFs and selectivity of >99.5 %.