bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
24-Hour Microclimate Conditions in Livestock Building
Authors: Głuski Tadeusz , Patro Magdalena , Marczuk Andrzej , Misztal Wojciech , Szwedziak Katarzyna , Grzywacz Żaneta 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The size of all sensible heat balance components in livestock building varies in time, because it depends on time-varying weather factors. On the example of two buildings, sensible heat balance was shown on a daily basis. Measurements carried out in winter and spring in two livestock buildings with usable attics included measurements of air temperature and humidity inside and outside, air velocity in ventilation channels, and wind speed. Measuring devices were designed to record the results of measurements at intervals of 300s. During each such time interval, sensible heat losses by ventilation, heat losses by permeation through the barrier construction, and the amount of sensible heat produced by the animals were calculated. The results of measurements were shown in graphs. The study is important for the development of animal livestock building.
Verification of the Peleg and Normand Equation at Varied Loads and Moisture During Stress Relaxation of Wheat
Authors: Łysiak Grzegorz , Kulig Ryszard , Wójcik Monika 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Wheat kernel is made up of structures of different apparent viscosities with varied ability to withstand stress and dissipate strain energy. Its complex mechanical behaviour determines technological susceptibility and is important for wheat quality assessment. The aim of the study was the examination of the Peleg and Normand model to characterize the overall stress relaxation behaviour of wheat kernel at varying loading conditions. The relaxation experiments were made with a help of a universal machine Zwick Z020 in compression at four distinct initial load levels, i.e., 20, 30, 40, and 50 N. The measurements were made for intact wheat kernels at seven levels of moisture content. Relaxation characteristics were approximated with the help of Peleg and Normand formula. An interactive influence of the load level and moisture on Peleg and Normand constants have been confirmed. The initial loading level had none or only slight effect on the model coefficients (Y(t), k
1 and k
2). The parameters of the Peleg and Normand model decreased with the increase of water content in kernels. For moist kernels, a higher amount of absorbed compression energy was relaxed, since less energy was necessary to keep the deformation at a constant level.
Justification of the Rheological Model of Process of Plastic Material Injection by the Rollers
Authors: Szwedziak Katarzyna , Stadnyk Igor , Golyachuk Sergey , Grzywacz Żaneta 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
It is justified thatproblems related to the changes in structural and mechanical properties of plastic material and influence of structural elements of equipment and modes of implementation of the for-mation process on them are considered detail, taking into account empirical data, theoretical dependencies and results of physical experiments. It was established that during the mechanical influence of rollers with grooves on a structured dispersion plastic material in the node of injection of the molding machine, internal shear, and shearing deformation have a preponderant value. Accordingly, the productivity of machines is determined mainly by the structural parameters of the working bodies geometry, kinematics, and contact area. It is shown that increasing the pressure in the plastic material causes a decrease in its volume, but the relationship between pressure and volume has a nonlinear character. It has been established that regardless the variety of flour from which the plastic material was prepared for bagels, its moisture content and the duration of fermentation reduced viscosity of the effective plastic material along with the increase of the shear stress. The paper describes the refined rheological model of the Bingham body deformation, which develops instantaneously, and the velocity of the common elastic deformation in the dough is a simultaneous function of stresses and temperatures, which are close to exponential ones.
Chemical improvement of surfaces. Part 5: surfactants as structural lead for wood hydrophobization – covalent modification with p-alkylated benzoates
Authors: Kaldun Christian , Söftje Martin , Namyslo Jan C. , Kaufmann Dieter E. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
For a durable improvement of the hydrophobization properties of wood Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood veneer chips were covalently modified with surfactant-like p-alkylated benzoates and a corresponding 4-cyanophenyl derivative. These esterification reactions of wood hydroxyl groups at varied temperatures and different reaction times afforded weight percent gains (WPG) ranging from 8 to 44% and quantities of covalently bonded organomaterials (QCO) of 0.3–2.6 mmol per gram, respectively. The successful covalent attachment of the functional precursors was proven by attenuated total reflection-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), while the improvement of hydrophobicity was demonstrated by resulting contact angles (CAs) in a range from 113 to 150°.
Study of xylan and cellulose interactions monitored with solid-state NMR and QCM-D
Authors: Dalvi Leandro Coelho , Laine Christiane , Virtanen Tommi , Liitiä Tiina , Tenhunen Tiia-Maria , Orelma Hannes , Tammelin Tekla , Tamminen Tarja 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Development of physical properties of bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp is typically based on the refining process. However, many studies have reported that xylan deposition is a viable alternative. As the mechanisms of xylan and cellulose interactions are not clear, the main goal of this study was to achieve a better understanding of these interactions. Considering that a sample of pulp enriched with xylan is a very complex matrix, a model system was developed. Cellulosic thin films were prepared by spincoating and the Langmuir-Schaefer (LS) method from trimethylsilylcellulose (TMSC). Their interactions with xylan were analyzed using the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring technique. The topological changes on cellulose were studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM). For the 13C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies, samples were prepared using commercial microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and xylan. The xylan was extracted from bleached birch kraft pulp using a cold caustic extraction (CCE) method. The QCM-D monitoring showed deposition only with higher concentrations of xylan solution (1 mg · l−1) for the LS method. The AFM images showed that xylan deposits as agglomerates on the cellulose surface, and the NMR experiments showed that there are interactions for the more ordered region of the cellulose fiber and for the less-ordered region.
Power to the daughters – mitochondrial and mtDNA transmission during cell division
Authors: Aretz Ina , Jakubke Christopher , Osman Christof 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Mitochondria supply virtually all eukaryotic cells with energy through ATP production by oxidative phosphoryplation (OXPHOS). Accordingly, maintenance of mitochondrial function is fundamentally important to sustain cellular health and various diseases have been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. Biogenesis of OXPHOS complexes crucially depends on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) that encodes essential subunits of the respiratory chain and is distributed in multiple copies throughout the mitochondrial network. During cell division, mitochondria, including mtDNA, need to be accurately apportioned to daughter cells. This process requires an intimate and coordinated interplay between the cell cycle, mitochondrial dynamics and the replication and distribution of mtDNA. Recent years have seen exciting advances in the elucidation of the mechanisms that facilitate these processes and essential key players have been identified. Moreover, segregation of qualitatively distinct mitochondria during asymmetric cell division is emerging as an important quality control step, which secures the maintenance of a healthy cell population.
Incorporating Contact Network Uncertainty in Individual Level Models of Infectious Disease using Approximate Bayesian Computation
Authors: Almutiry Waleed , Deardon Rob 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Infectious disease transmission between individuals in a heterogeneous population is often best modelled through a contact network. However, such contact network data are often unobserved. Such missing data can be accounted for in a Bayesian data augmented framework using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). Unfortunately, fitting models in such a framework can be highly computationally intensive. We investigate the fitting of network-based infectious disease models with completely unknown contact networks using approximate Bayesian computation population Monte Carlo (ABC-PMC) methods. This is done in the context of both simulated data, and data from the UK 2001 foot-and-mouth disease epidemic. We show that ABC-PMC is able to obtain reasonable approximations of the underlying infectious disease model with huge savings in computation time when compared to a full Bayesian MCMC analysis.
Cooking Characteristics and Sensory Evaluation of Rice Cooked with Germinated Barley
Authors: Lee Yoon Jeong , Kim Min Young , Kim Hyun Young , Woo Koan Sik , Lee Mi Ja , Lee Junsoo , Jeong Heon Sang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the cooking characteristics and sensory evaluation of rice cooked in the presence of 20 % germinated barley. The soluble solid and water absorption rate increased significantly with longer barley germination periods. The microstructure of the cooked germinated barley showed some pores 4 days after germination and increased pore numbers and size 6 days after germination. The hardness of cooked-rice tended to decrease after germination of barley. Sensory evaluation indicated that barley germinated for 2–4 days is the most suitable (overall acceptance) for cooking. These results indicate that pores are formed on the surface during the germination of barley, so that water is easily absorbed during cooking and the hardness is low, and the texture of barley is improved even when rice is cooked. This study suggests that rice cooked with germinated barley has improved sensory characteristics, without unnecessary processing (milling, chopping, or pressing) the barley.
Effects of Stockholding Policy on Maize Prices: Evidence from Zambia
Authors: Zhou Yujun , Baylis Kathy 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Many countries in the developing world use public stockholding programs to stabilize prices for both farmers and consumers. Governments directly purchase and store staple grains, and then sell them to processors or consumers, often at heavily subsidized prices. Despite the substantial costs of these stockholding programs, little is known about their effectiveness in mitigating retail price swings. This paper estimates the effects of purchase and sales activities of the Zambian Food Reserve Agency (FRA) on monthly maize market prices across more than thirty markets in Zambia from 2003 to 2008. To deal with the endogeneity in purchases and sales, we use predicted FRA purchase and sales targets as instrumental variables. Controlling for other policies, we find evidence that FRA activities stabilize retail prices in major district markets within the cropping year. Results show that FRA purchases raise local prices for surplus maize producers about 5 % on average at the time of harvest, and that FRA sales help lower the prices to consumers during the lean season up to 7 %. However, we find limited evidence that the FRA is able to reduce price volatility between years.
How Repayments Manipulate Our Perceptions about Loan Dynamics after a Boom
Authors: Adalid Ramón , Falagiarda Matteo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe propose a method to decompose net lending flows into loan origination and repayments. We show that a boom in loan origination is transmitted to repayments with a very long lag, depressing the growth rate of the stock for many periods. In the euro area, repayments of the mortgage loans granted in the boom preceding the financial crisis have been dragging down net loan growth in recent years. This concealed an increasing dynamism in loan origination, especially during the last wave of ECB’s non-standard measures. Using loan origination instead of net loans has important implications for understanding macroeconomic developments. For instance, the robust developments in loan origination in recent times explain the strengthening in housing markets better than net loans. Moreover, credit supply restrictions during the crisis are estimated to be smaller. Overall, we show that analyses of credit dynamics benefit from putting the focus on loan origination instead of net loans, especially after large booms.
The effect of seasonal variation on the activity patterns of the American black bear: an ecological niche modeling approach
Authors: Gámez-Brunswick Carolina , Rojas-Soto Octavio 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe American black bear (Ursus americanus) has very plastic activity patterns that maximize its ability to adapt to changing environments. Hibernation length is positively correlated with latitude, where northern populations remain in hibernation for up to 5 months during the winter; however, the species may not hibernate at all in its southern range. Several studies have focused on the description of the species’ ecology from specific locations; however, the macroecological perspective of the seasonal activity in black bears has not been explored. Using ecological niche models and temporal climate transfers, we tested for a correlation between the 971 monthly activity records we obtained for this species within its whole distribution and monthly climatic conditions. We observed that there was a high degree of geographic overlap among the monthly potential transferred areas and the monthly presence locality records. Thus, we suggest that climate is one of the main factors affecting the cycles of activity of this species and explains its hibernation patterns.
Therapeutic potential of intranasal photobiomodulation therapy for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders: a narrative review
Authors: Salehpour Farzad , Gholipour-Khalili Sevda , Farajdokht Fereshteh , Kamari Farzin , Walski Tomasz , Hamblin Michael R. , DiDuro Joseph O. , Cassano Paolo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe application of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) for neuronal stimulation is studied in different animal models and in humans, and has shown to improve cerebral metabolic activity and blood flow, and provide neuroprotection via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways. Recently, intranasal PBMT (i-PBMT) has become an attractive and potential method for the treatment of brain conditions. Herein, we provide a summary of different intranasal light delivery approaches including a nostril-based portable method and implanted deep-nasal methods for the effective systemic or direct irradiation of the brain. Nostril-based i-PBMT devices are available, using either lasers or light emitting diodes (LEDs), and can be applied either alone or in combination to transcranial devices (the latter applied directly to the scalp) to treat a wide range of brain conditions such as mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, cerebrovascular diseases, depression and anxiety as well as insomnia. Evidence shows that nostril-based i-PBMT improves blood rheology and cerebral blood flow, so that, without needing to puncture blood vessels, i-PBMT may have equivalent results to a peripheral intravenous laser irradiation procedure. Up to now, no studies were conducted to implant PBMT light sources deep within the nose in a clinical setting, but simulation studies suggest that deep-nasal PBMT via cribriform plate and sphenoid sinus might be an effective method to deliver light to the ventromedial part of the prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex. Home-based i-PBMT, using inexpensive LED applicators, has potential as a novel approach for neurorehabilitation; comparative studies also testing sham, and transcranial PBMT are warranted.
La- and Lu-agardite – preparation, crystal structure, vibrational and magnetic properties
Authors: Golubev Aleksandr M. , Brücher Eva , Schulz Armin , Kremer Reinhard K. , Glaum Robert 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Polycrystalline samples of La- and Lu-agardite with the composition RECu6(OH)6(AsO4)3 · n H2O (RE = La, Lu; n≈3) have been prepared and the structure of the products was determined by X-ray powder diffraction studies. The characterization has been complemented by Raman and UV/Vis spectroscopic, magnetic and TGA investigations. DFT calculations support the conclusions drawn from the experiments. The arsenates RECu6(OH)6(AsO4)3 · n H2O (RE = La, Lu; n≈3) are isostructural with the mineral mixite and crystallize with a hexagonal structure which contains ribbons of edge-sharing [CuO5] square-pyramids extending along the hexagonal axis. They are interconnected via (AsO4)3− groups to form hexagonal tubes of about 10 Å inner diameter. Such zeolite-like tubes host water molecules, which can be reversibly removed at moderate temperatures (T≈100°C). Like in mixite and YCu6(OH)6(AsO4)3 · 3 H2O, the Cu2+ cations in RECu6(OH)6(AsO4)3 · n H2O (RE = La, Lu; n≈3) exhibit low-dimensional antiferromagnetic properties, which are subject to changes in the Cu–O–Cu bond lengths and angles due to the lanthanide contraction.
Cell-Type- and Endocannabinoid-Specific Synapse Connectivity in the Adult Nucleus Accumbens Core
Authors: Deroche Marion A. , Lassalle Olivier , Castell Laia , Valjent Emmanuel , Manzoni Olivier J. 
Published: December 2019

The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a mesocorticolimbic structure that integrates cognitive, emotional and motor functions. Although its role in psychiatric disorders is widely acknowledged, the understanding of its circuitry is not complete. Here, we combined optogenetic and whole-cell recordings to draw a functional portrait of excitatory disambiguated synapses onto D1 and D2 medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the adult male mouse NAc core. Comparing synaptic properties of ventral hippocampus (vHipp), basolateral amygdala (BLA) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) inputs revealed a hierarchy of synaptic inputs that depends on the identity of the postsynaptic target MSN. Thus, the BLA is the dominant excitatory pathway onto D1 MSNs (BLA > PFC = vHipp) while PFC inputs dominate D2 MSNs (PFC > vHipp > BLA). We also tested the hypothesis that endocannabinoids endow excitatory circuits with pathway- and cell-specific plasticity. Thus, whereas CB1 receptors (CB1R) uniformly depress excitatory pathways regardless of MSNs identity, TRPV1 receptors (TRPV1R) bidirectionally control inputs onto the NAc core in a pathway-specific manner. Finally, we show that the interplay of TRPV1R/CB1R shapes plasticity at BLA-NAc synapses. Together these data shed new light on synapse and circuit specificity in the adult NAc core and illustrate how endocannabinoids contribute to pathway-specific synaptic plasticity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe examined the impact of connections from the ventral hippocampus (vHipp,) basolateral amygdala (BLA) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) onto identified medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the adult accumbens core. We found BLA inputs were strongest at D1 MSNs while PFC inputs dominate D2 MSNs. Pathway- and cell-specific circuit control was also facilitated by endocannabinoids that endow bidirectional synaptic plasticity at identified BLA-NAc synapses. These data provide mechanistic insights on synapse and circuit specificity in the adult NAc core.
Water footprint of yield protein content of twelve field crop species on a Hungarian crop site
Authors: Eser Adnan , Kató Hajnalka , Kempf Laura , Jolánkai Márton 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Water availability is one of the major physiological factors influencing plant growth and development. An assessment study has been done at the Szent István University, Gödöllő to evaluate and identify the water footprint of protein yield of field crop species. Twelve field crop species (Sugar beet Beta vulgaris, spring and winter barley Hordeum vulgare, winter wheat Triticum aestivum, maize Zea mays, sunflower Helianthus annuus, peas Pisum sativum, potato Solanum tuberosum, alfalfa Medicago sativa, oilseed rape Brassica napus, rye Secale cereale and oats Avena sativa) were involved in the study. Evapotranspiration patterns of the crops studied have been identified by the regular agroclimatology methodology and physiologically reliable protein ranges within crop yields were evaluated.
The results obtained suggest, that water footprint of cereals proved to be the lowest, however maize values were highly affected by the high variability of protein yield. Oilseed crops had considerably high protein yield with medium water efficiency. Alfalfa, potato and sugar beet water footprints were in accordance with their evapotranspiration patterns.
Protein based water footprint assessment seems to be more applicable in crop species evaluations than that of yield based methodologies.
Dialízis-asszociált steal syndroma műtéti kezelése: AV anastomosis distalizációjával, vena basilica interpositum felhasználásával
Authors: Teknős Dániel , Székely Ákos , Darabos Gábor , Péceli Adrienn 
Published: December 2019

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés: Arteficiális arterio-venosus fisztula okozta steal
szindróma és következményes distalis ischaemia az arterio-venosus fisztula (AVF)
sebészet egyik legsúlyosabb szövődménye, mely a műtétek 1–8%-ában fordul elő. A
szövődményt hagyományosan nehéz kezelni anélkül, hogy a fisztulát elvesztenénk.
Kezelési opciók között van a fisztula ligaturája, a fisztula szűkítése
(banding), distalis revascularisatio az AVF áthidalásával és az anastomosis
alatti arteria ligaturájával (distal revascularisation with interval ligation –
DRIL), az arteriás beáramlás proximalizálása (proximalisation of the arterial
inflow – PAI) és az arteriás beáramlás distalizációja (revision using distal
inflow – RUDI).
Egy 45 éves fiatal nő esetét mutatjuk be, akinek 5 hónappal a bal oldali
cubitalis AVF kialakítását követően necrosist okozó ischaemiája alakult ki a bal
felső végtagján. AVF megtartása érdekében az ischaemia megszüntetésére
RUDI-műtétet végeztünk, melyhez v. basilica interpositumot használtunk fel.
A beavatkozás eredményeként ischaemiás panaszai megszűntek, dialízisét
megszakítani nem kellett, újabb vasculáris hozzáférés kialakítása nem vált
szükségessé.
Az arteriás beáramlás distalizációja (RUDI) könnyen kivitelezhető, jó
eredményeket biztosító eljárás, melynek kivitelezéséhez a vena basilica graft
felhasználása igen kézenfekvő megoldás.