bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of invasive breast cancer in relatives of patients with breast carcinoma in situ: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Mukama Trasias , Fallah Mahdi , Brenner Hermann , Xu Xing , Sundquist Kristina , Sundquist Jan , Kharazmi Elham 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundWide implementation of mammography screening has resulted in increased numbers of women diagnosed with breast carcinoma in situ. We aimed to determine the risk of invasive breast cancer in relatives of patients with breast carcinoma in situ in comparison to the risk in relatives of patients with invasive breast cancer.MethodsWe analyzed the occurrence of cancer in a nationwide cohort including all 5,099,172 Swedish women born after 1931 with at least one known first-degree relative. This was a record linkage study of Swedish family cancer datasets, including cancer registry data collected from January 1, 1958, to December 31, 2015. We calculated standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and 10-year cumulative risk of breast cancer diagnosis for women with a family history of in situ and invasive breast cancer.ResultsHaving one first-degree relative with breast carcinoma in situ was associated with 50% increased risk of invasive breast cancer (SIR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.4–1.7) when compared to those who had no family history of invasive breast cancer or breast carcinoma in situ in either first- or second-degree relatives. Similarly, having one first-degree relative with invasive breast cancer was associated with 70% (1.7, 1.7–1.8) increased risk. The 10-year cumulative risk for women at age 50 with a relative with breast carcinoma in situ was 3.5% (2.9–3.9%) and was not significantly different from 3.7% (3.6–3.8%) risk for 50-year-old women with a relative with invasive breast cancer (95% confidence intervals overlapped).ConclusionsThe risk of invasive breast cancer for women with a family history of breast carcinoma in situ was comparable to that for women with a family history of invasive breast cancer. Therefore, family history of breast carcinoma in situ should not be overlooked in recommendations for breast cancer prevention for women with a family history of breast cancer.
Polyamines and related signaling pathways in cancer
Authors: Li Jiajing , Meng Yan , Wu Xiaolin , Sun Yuxin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPolyamines are aliphatic compounds with more than two amino groups that play various important roles in human cells. In cancer, polyamine metabolism dysfunction often occurs, and regulatory mechanisms of polyamine. This review summarizes the existing research on the metabolism and transport of polyamines to study the association of oncogenes and related signaling pathways with polyamines in tumor cells. Drugs that regulate enzymes have been developed for cancer treatment, and in the future, more attention should be paid to treatment strategies that simultaneously modulate polyamine metabolism and carcinogenic signaling pathways. In addition, the polyamine pathway is a potential target for cancer chemoprevention. As an irreversible suicide inhibitor of the ornithine decarboxylase (a vital enzyme of polyamine synthesis), Difluoro-methylornithine had been shown to have the chemoprevention effect on cancer. Therefore, we summarized and analyzed the chemoprophylaxis effect of the difluoromethylornithine in this systematic review.
Association of ambient air pollution with cardiovascular disease risks in people with type 2 diabetes: a Bayesian spatial survival analysis
Authors: Su Pei-Fang , Sie Fei-Ci , Yang Chun-Ting , Mau Yu-Lin , Kuo Shihchen , Ou Huang-Tz 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Evidence is limited on excess risks of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) associated with ambient air pollution in diabetic populations. Survival analyses without considering the spatial structure and possible spatial correlations in health and environmental data may affect the precision of estimation of adverse environmental pollution effects. We assessed the association between air pollution and CVDs in type 2 diabetes through a Bayesian spatial survival approach.

Methods
Taiwan’s national-level health claims and air pollution databases were utilized. Fine individual-level latitude and longitude were used to determine pollution exposure. The exponential spatial correlation between air pollution and CVDs was analyzed in our Bayesian model compared to traditional Weibull and Cox models.

Results
There were 2072 diabetic patients included in analyses. PM2.5 and SO2 were significant CVD risk factors in our Bayesian model, but such associations were attenuated or underestimated in traditional models; adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% credible interval (CrI) or confidence interval (CI) of CVDs for a 1 μg/m3 increase in the monthly PM2.5 concentration for our model, the Weibull and Cox models was 1.040 (1.004–1.073), 0.994 (0.984–1.004), and 0.994 (0.984–1.004), respectively. With a 1 ppb increase in the monthly SO2 concentration, adjusted HR (95% CrI or CI) was 1.886 (1.642–2.113), 1.092 (1.022–1.168), and 1.091 (1.021–1.166) for these models, respectively.

Conclusions
Against traditional non-spatial analyses, our Bayesian spatial survival model enhances the assessment precision for environmental research with spatial survival data to reveal significant adverse cardiovascular effects of air pollution among vulnerable diabetic patients.

Graphical abstract
TM4SF1 promotes EMT and cancer stemness via the Wnt/β-catenin/SOX2 pathway in colorectal cancer
Authors: Tang Qiang , Chen Jinhuang , Di Ziyang , Yuan Wenzheng , Zhou Zili , Liu Zhengyi , Han Shengbo , Liu Yanwei , Ying Guoguang , Shu Xiaogang , Di Maojun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Transmembrane 4 L six family member 1 (TM4SF1) is upregulated in several epithelial cancers and is closely associated with poor prognosis. However, the role of TM4SF1 and its potential mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain elusive.

Methods
We investigated the expression of TM4SF1 in the Oncomine, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and confirmed the results by immunohistochemistry (IHC), qPCR and Western blotting (WB) of CRC tissues. The effect of TM4SF1 on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stemness of CRC cells was investigated by Transwell, wound healing and sphere formation assays. A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to reveal the mechanisms by which TM4SF1 modulates EMT and cancer stemness in CRC.

Results
TM4SF1 expression was markedly higher in CRC tissues than in non-tumour tissues and was positively correlated with poor prognosis. Downregulation of TM4SF1 inhibited the migration, invasion and tumour sphere formation of SW480 and LoVo cells. Conversely, TM4SF1 overexpression significantly enhanced the migration, invasion and tumoursphere formation potential of CRC cells, Additionally, TM4SF1 silencing inhibited the EMT mediated by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Mechanistically, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) predicted that the Wnt signalling pathway was one of the most impaired pathways in TM4SF1-deficient CRC cells compared to controls. The results were further validated by WB, which revealed that TM4SF1 modulated SOX2 expression in a Wnt/β-catenin activation-dependent manner. Furthermore, we found that knockdown of TM4SF1 suppressed the expression of c-Myc, leading to decreased c-Myc binding to the SOX2 gene promoter. Finally, depletion of TM4SF1 inhibited metastasis and tumour growth in a xenograft mouse model.

Conclusion
Our study substantiates a novel mechanism by which TM4SF1 maintains cancer cell stemness and EMT via the Wnt/β-catenin/c-Myc/SOX2 axis during the recurrence and metastasis of CRC.
Long-term changes in renal function after treatment initiation and the importance of early diagnosis in maintaining renal function among IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis patients in Japan
Authors: Arai Haruna , Ogata Soshiro , Ozeki Takaya , Takahashi Kazuo , Tsuboi Naotake , Maruyama Shoichi , Inaguma Daijo , Hasegawa Midori , Yuzawa Yukio , Hayashi Hiroki 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
The present study aimed to investigate associations between long-term renal function, whether IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) was diagnosed by renal biopsy at initial examination, chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage, and histological stage in patients with IgG4-related TIN.

Methods
This study used a retrospective cohort design including almost all patients who underwent renal biopsy at Fujita Health University Hospital and Nagoya University or its affiliated hospitals in Aichi between April 2003 and March 2015 (n = 6977 renal biopsies). The primary outcome was longitudinal changes in eGFR. Main exposures were whether IgG4-related TIN was diagnosed by renal biopsy at the initial examination, CKD stage, and its histological stage. Linear mixed models were performed to examine associations.

Results
Of the 6977 samples, there were 24 patients (with 201 records due to repeated measures) with IgG4-related TIN (20 men, mean age, 68.7 ± 9.7 years). They were followed up 6.6 ± 2.8 years after the renal biopsy and underwent glucocorticoid treatment. We found significant increase in eGFR from the baseline to 2 and 6 months after treatment initiation, which was maintained until 60 months. Patients initially diagnosed with IgG4-related TIN had higher eGFR from the baseline (at the start of treatment) to 60 months than those who were not. Compared with patients with CKD stage 3, patients with CKD stages 4 and 5 had lower eGFR at the baseline and other time points. Patients with histological stage B had comparatively lower eGFR at each point than stage A patients. Those mean differences of eGFR were stable from the baseline to 60 months.

Conclusions
After the treatment initiation, renal function rapidly improved and maintained for a long period, even with advanced CKD stage. We showed importance of early diagnosis of IgG4-related TIN in maintaining eGFR.
Neonatal lamb mortality: major risk factors and the potential ameliorative role of melatonin
Authors: Flinn Tom , Kleemann David O. , Swinbourne Alyce M. , Kelly Jennifer M. , Weaver Alice C. , Walker Simon K. , Gatford Kathryn L. , Kind Karen L. , van Wettere William H. E. J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHigh incidences of pre-weaning mortality continue to limit global sheep production, constituting a major economic and welfare concern. Despite significant advances in genetics, nutrition, and management, the proportion of lamb deaths has remained stable at 15–20% over the past four decades. There is mounting evidence that melatonin can improve outcomes in compromised ovine pregnancies via enhanced uterine bloodflow and neonatal neuroprotection. This review provides an overview of the major risk factors and underlying mechanisms involved in perinatal lamb mortality and discusses the potential of melatonin treatment as a remedial strategy. Supplementing pregnant ewes with melatonin enhances uterine bloodflow and fetal oxygenation, and potentially birthweight and neonatal thermogenic capacity. Melatonin freely crosses the ovine placenta and blood-brain barrier and provides neuroprotection to the fetal lamb during periods of chronic and acute hypoxia throughout gestation, with improved behavioural outcomes in hypoxic neonates. The current literature provides strong evidence that maternal melatonin treatment improves outcomes for lambs which experience compromised in utero development or prolonged parturition, though to date this has not been investigated in livestock production systems. As such there is a clear basis for continued research into the effects of maternal melatonin supplementation during gestation on pre-weaning survival under extensive production conditions.
Targeting ferroptosis in breast cancer
Authors: Li Zhaoqing , Chen Lini , Chen Cong , Zhou Yulu , Hu Dengdi , Yang Jingjing , Chen Yongxia , Zhuo Wenying , Mao Misha , Zhang Xun , Xu Ling , Wang Linbo , Zhou Jichun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFerroptosis is a recently discovered distinct type of regulated cell death caused by the accumulation of lipid-based ROS. Metabolism and expression of specific genes affect the occurrence of ferroptosis, making it a promising therapeutic target to manage cancer. Here, we describe the current status of ferroptosis studies in breast cancer and trace the key regulators of ferroptosis back to previous studies. We also compare ferroptosis to common regulated cell death patterns and discuss the sensitivity to ferroptosis in different subtypes of breast cancer. We propose that viewing ferroptosis-related studies from a historical angle will accelerate the development of ferroptosis-based biomarkers and therapeutic strategies in breast cancer.
Reference frames in spatial communication for navigation and sports: an empirical study in ultimate frisbee players
Authors: Weisberg Steven M. , Chatterjee Anjan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Reference frames ground spatial communication by mapping ambiguous language (for example, navigation: “to the left”) to properties of the speaker (using a Relative reference frame: “to my left”) or the world (Absolute reference frame: “to the north”). People’s preferences for reference frame vary depending on factors like their culture, the specific task in which they are engaged, and differences among individuals. Although most people are proficient with both reference frames, it is unknown whether preference for reference frames is stable within people or varies based on the specific spatial domain. These alternatives are difficult to adjudicate because navigation is one of few spatial domains that can be naturally solved using multiple reference frames. That is, while spatial navigation directions can be specified using Absolute or Relative reference frames (“go north” vs “go left”), other spatial domains predominantly use Relative reference frames. Here, we used two domains to test the stability of reference frame preference: one based on navigating a four-way intersection; and the other based on the sport of ultimate frisbee. We recruited 58 ultimate frisbee players to complete an online experiment. We measured reaction time and accuracy while participants solved spatial problems in each domain using verbal prompts containing either Relative or Absolute reference frames. Details of the task in both domains were kept as similar as possible while remaining ecologically plausible so that reference frame preference could emerge.

Results
We pre-registered a prediction that participants would be faster using their preferred reference frame type and that this advantage would correlate across domains; we did not find such a correlation. Instead, the data reveal that people use distinct reference frames in each domain.

Conclusion
This experiment reveals that spatial reference frame types are not stable and may be differentially suited to specific domains. This finding has broad implications for communicating spatial information by offering an important consideration for how spatial reference frames are used in communication: task constraints may affect reference frame choice as much as individual factors or culture.
Corporate headquarters in the twenty-first century: an organization design perspective
Authors: Kunisch Sven , Menz Markus , Collis David 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe corporate headquarters (CHQ) of the multi-business enterprise, which emerged as the dominant organizational form for the conduct of business in the twentieth century, has attracted considerable scholarly attention. As the business environment undergoes a fundamental transition in the twenty-first century, we believe that understanding the evolving role of the CHQ from an organization design perspective will offer unique insights into the nature of business activity in the future. The purpose of this article, in keeping with the theme of theJournal of Organization DesignSpecial Collection, is thus to invigorate research into the CHQ. We begin by explicating four canonical questions related to the design of the CHQ. We then survey fundamental changes in the business environment occurring in the twenty-first century, and discuss their potential implications for CHQ design. When suitable here we also refer to the contributions published in our Special Collection. Finally, we put forward recommendations for advancements and new directions for future research to foster a deeper and broader understanding of the topic. We believe that we are on the cusp of a change in the CHQ as radical as that which saw its initial emergence in the late nineteenth/early twentieth century. Exactly what form that change will take remains for practitioners and researchers to inform.
Molecular analysis for sex determination in forensic dentistry: a systematic review
Authors: Maulani Chaerita , Auerkari Elza Ibrahim 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Sex determination can be useful in forensic casework, such as in mass disasters, transportation accidents, and cases of a missing person or sexual assault. The remnants of the body can be traced by DNA of the victim, using samples from various sources such as teeth, oral epithelial tissue, and saliva.

Main body
The review aimed to describe research in forensic dentistry with DNA source from the oral region and methods of the applied DNA analysis. A search in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus electronic databases from 2009 to 2019 was conducted to include studies according to PRISMA guidelines. Ten studies were eligible for the review. Genetic markers originated from dentin, dental pulp, saliva, or epithelial cells from buccal tissue and prosthesis. The applied DNA analysis methods were PCR, real-time PCR, and nested PCR.

Conclusions
The published articles mostly showed successful DNA extraction and sex determination, but the rate of success declined as the sample source underwent manipulation to mimic the forensic conditions. Amelogenin, SRY, and DYS14 were reliable indicators for sex determination. Molecular analysis has proved to be efficient and accurate, but the daily forensic practice must select the most appropriate method according to the available body remnants.
The “State of Implementation” Progress Report (SIPREP): a pilot demonstration of a navigation system for implementation
Authors: Miech Edward J. , Larkin Angela , Lowery Julie C. , Butler Andrew J. , Pettey Kristin M. , Rattray Nicholas A. , Penney Lauren S. , Myers Jennifer , Damush Teresa M. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Implementation of new clinical programs across diverse facilities in national healthcare systems like the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) can be extraordinarily complex. Implementation is a dynamic process, influenced heavily by local organizational context and the individual staff at each medical center. It is not always clear in the midst of implementation what issues are most important to whom or how to address them. In recognition of these challenges, implementation researchers within VHA developed a new systemic approach to map the implementation work required at different stages and provide ongoing, detailed, and nuanced feedback about implementation progress.

Methods
This observational pilot demonstration project details how a novel approach to monitoring implementation progress was applied across two different national VHA initiatives. Stage-specific grids organized the implementation work into columns, rows, and cells, identifying specific implementation activities at the site level to be completed along with who was responsible for completing each implementation activity. As implementation advanced, item-level checkboxes were crossed off and cells changed colors, offering a visual representation of implementation progress within and across sites across the various stages of implementation.

Results
Applied across two different national initiatives, the SIPREP provided a novel navigation system to guide and inform ongoing implementation within and across facilities. The SIPREP addressed different needs of different audiences, both described and explained how to implement the program, made ample use of visualizations, and revealed both what was happening and not happening within and across sites. The final SIPREP product spanned distinct stages of implementation.

Conclusions
The SIPREP made the work of implementation explicit at the facility level (i.e., who does what, and when) and provided a new common way for all stakeholders to monitor implementation progress and to help keep implementation moving forward. This approach could be adapted to a wide range of settings and interventions and is planned to be integrated into the national deployment of two additional VHA initiatives within the next 12 months.
The diverse roles and dynamic rearrangement of vimentin during viral infection
Authors: Zhang Yue , Wen Zeyu , Shi Xuemeng , Liu Yan-Jun , Eriksson John E. , Jiu Yaming 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Epidemics caused by viral infections pose a significant global threat. Cytoskeletal vimentin is a major intermediate filament (IF) protein, and is involved in numerous functions, including cell signaling, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, intracellular organization and cell migration. Vimentin has important roles for the life cycle of particular viruses; it can act as a co-receptor to enable effective virus invasion and guide efficient transport of the virus to the replication site. Furthermore, vimentin has been shown to rearrange into cage-like structures that facilitate virus replication, and to recruit viral components to the location of assembly and egress. Surprisingly, vimentin can also inhibit virus entry or egress, as well as participate in host-cell defense. Although vimentin can facilitate viral infection, how this function is regulated is still poorly understood. In particular, information is lacking on its interaction sites, regulation of expression, post-translational modifications and cooperation with other host factors. This Review recapitulates the different functions of vimentin in the virus life cycle and discusses how they influence host-cell tropism, virulence of the pathogens and the consequent pathological outcomes. These insights into vimentin–virus interactions emphasize the importance of cytoskeletal functions in viral cell biology and their potential for the identification of novel antiviral targets.
The reptilian perspective on vertebrate immunity: 10 years of progress
Authors: Zimmerman Laura M. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTTen years ago, ‘Understanding the vertebrate immune system: insights from the reptilian perspective’ was published. At the time, our understanding of the reptilian immune system lagged behind that of birds, mammals, fish and amphibians. Since then, great progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms of reptilian immunity. Here, I review recent discoveries associated with the recognition of pathogens, effector mechanisms and memory responses in reptiles. Moreover, I put forward key questions to drive the next 10 years of research, including how reptiles are able to balance robust innate mechanisms with avoiding self-damage, how B cells and antibodies are used in immune defense and whether innate mechanisms can display the hallmarks of memory. Finally, I briefly discuss the links between our mechanistic understanding of the reptilian immune system and the field of eco-immunology. Overall, the field of reptile immunology is poised to contribute greatly to our understanding of vertebrate immunity in the next 10 years.