bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current Potential Antiviral Agents for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Therapy
Authors: Kramy Prayogi 
Published: August 2020

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first discovered in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. SARS-CoV-2 infects the respiratory tract, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Various studies have been conducted to find effective therapies. However, there is still no specific treatment or therapy for COVID-19. This literature review, summarizes some recent research on several potential antiviral agents, both drugs that are commonly used in the medical world such as ivermectin, to medicine from herbal plants and some drugs that are in the process of clinical trials such as remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, Interferon ?, ribavirin, convalescent plasma, and monoclonal antibodies for COVID-19 therapy.
KEYWORDS: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Antiviral Agents, Potential therapy.
Tracing the Coevolution Path of Supermassive Black Holes and Spheroids with AKARI-selected Ultraluminous IR Galaxies at Intermediate Redshifts
Authors: Chen Xiaoyang , Akiyama Masayuki , Ichikawa Kohei , Noda Hirofumi , Toba Yoshiki , Yamamura Issei , Kawaguchi Toshihiro , UF Abdurro’ , Kokubo Mitsuru 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We present the stellar population and ionized-gas outflow properties of ultraluminous IR galaxies (ULIRGs) at z = 0.1–1.0 that are selected from the AKARI far-IR all-sky survey. We construct a catalog of 1077 ULIRGs to examine feedback effects after major mergers. Of the 1077 ULIRGs, 202 are spectroscopically identified by SDSS and Subaru/FOCAS observations. Thanks to the deeper depth and higher resolution of AKARI compared to the previous Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) survey and reliable identification from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) mid-IR pointing, the sample is unique in identifying optically faint (i ∼ 20) IR-bright galaxies, which could be missed in previous surveys. A self-consistent spectrum and broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) decomposition method, which constrains stellar population properties in SED modeling based on spectral fitting results, has been employed for 149 ULIRGs whose optical continua are dominated by host galaxies. They are massive galaxies (

–1012
M

) associated with intense star formation activities (SFR ∼ 200–2000 M

yr−1). The sample covers a range of active galactic nucleus (AGN) bolometric luminosity of 1010–1013
L

, and the outflow velocity measured from the [O iii] 5007 Å line shows a correlation with AGN luminosity. Eight galaxies show extremely fast outflows with velocity up to 1500–2000 km s−1. However, the coexistence of vigorous starbursts and strong outflows suggests the star formation has not been quenched during the ULIRG phase. By deriving the stellar mass and mass fraction of the young stellar population, we find no significant discrepancies between stellar properties of ULIRGs with weak and powerful AGNs. The results are not consistent with the merger-induced evolutionary scenario, which predicts that star formation–dominated ULIRGs will show smaller stellar masses and younger stellar populations compared to AGN-dominated ULIRGs.
Peripheral Intravenous Education in North American Nursing Schools: A Call to Action
Authors: Vandenhouten Christine L. , Owens Andrea K. , Hunter Mark R. , Raynak Andrea 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Peripheral intravenous (PIV) management requires knowledge, skill, and clinical judgment to ensure positive patient outcomes; yet, many nurses lack confidence in their PIV knowledge and skills. It is important that graduate nurses acquire PIV knowledge and skills in nursing school. This study aimed to explore PIV content coverage and clinical opportunities provided in U.S. and Canadian nursing curricula.

Method:
Using a descriptive, exploratory design, representatives of nursing schools completed a 12-item, web-based PIV curriculum survey.

Results:
Most schools covered PIV content in classroom, laboratory, and clinical settings; however, some indicated students were not allowed to initiate PIVs in clinical settings. Participants noted that PIV education was a shared responsibility with health systems.

Conclusion:

It is important that nursing students develop PIV competence; however, competing pressures for time in nursing curricula may limit PIV coverage. Nurse educators can benefit from PIV and infusion therapy specialty organization resources.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;59(9):493–500.]
Striving for Gerotranscendence: Preparing Nursing Students to Care for the Aging Population
Authors: Ciriello Jillian , Karl Cherry 
Published: August 2020

Background:
The population of older adults in America is increasing rapidly, but many prelicensure nursing students do not understand the unique needs of these patients. Educational methods are needed that foster a mindset of research and inquiry to help older adults thrive.

Method:
A three-pronged educational hybrid was designed to help students create meaningful links between geriatric nursing theory in the classroom and application in the clinical setting.

Results:
Test scores increased for 45% of students after the intervention, and 89% reported a greater understanding of evidence-based geriatric care. Students demonstrated increased confidence in discussing geriatric care and sharing theoretical knowledge with peers.

Conclusion:

With guided application of nursing theory in the clinical setting, students can use evidence-based care and develop nursing practice that helps older adults thrive. This prepares students to meet the demands of today's health care environment and develop practice standards that will follow them throughout their careers.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2020;59(9):536–538.]
Influence of Baseball Training Load on Clinical Reach Tests and Grip Strength in Collegiate Baseball Players
Authors: Pexa Brett , Ryan Eric D. , Blackburn J. Troy , Padua Darin A. , Garrison J. Craig , Myers Joseph B. 
Published: August 2020

Context
A baseball-specific training load may influence strength or glenohumeral range of motion, which are related to baseball injuries. Glenohumeral reach tests and grip strength are clinical assessments of shoulder range of motion and upper extremity strength, respectively.

Objective
To examine changes in glenohumeral reach test performance and grip strength between dominant and nondominant limbs and high, moderate, and low baseball-specific training-load groups.

Design
Repeated-measures study.

Setting
University laboratory and satellite clinic.

Patients or Other Participants
Collegiate baseball athletes (n = 18, age = 20.1 ± 1.3 years, height = 185.0 ± 6.5 cm, mass = 90.9 ± 10.2 kg).

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Participants performed overhead reach tests (OHRTs), behind-the-back reach tests (BBRTs), and grip strength assessments using the dominant and nondominant limbs every 4 weeks for 16 weeks. Percentage change scores were calculated between testing times. After each training session, participants provided their duration of baseball activity, throw count, and body-specific and arm-specific ratings of perceived exertion. We classified them in the high, moderate, or low training-load group based on each training-load variable: body-specific acute:chronic workload ratio (ACWR), arm-specific ACWR, body-specific cumulative load, and arm-specific cumulative load. Mixed models were used to compare training-load groups and limbs.

Results
The arm-specific ACWR group demonstrated as main effect for OHRT (F = 7.70, P = .001), BBRT (F = 4.01, P = .029), and grip strength (F = 8.89, P &lt; .001). For the OHRT, the moderate training-load group demonstrated a 10.8% greater increase than the high group (P = .004) and a 13.2% greater increase than the low group (P &lt; .001). For the BBRT, the low training-load group had a 10.1% greater increase than the moderate group (P = .011). For grip strength, the low training-load group demonstrated a 12.1% greater increase than the high group (P = .006) and a 17.7% greater increase than the moderate group (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Arm-specific ACWR was related to changes in clinical assessments of range of motion and strength. Clinicians may use arm-specific ACWR to indicate when a baseball athlete's physical health is changing.
The Capacity of Kulon Progo Regency Government in Efforts to Self-Sustaining Economic
Authors: Yovi Dzulhijjah Rahmawati  
Published: August 2020

As an area with an open economic access, Kulon Progo Regency has many valuable points in the development of its agriculture, manufacturing, trade and services sectors. However, low level of the district public welfare becomes an internal strategic issues that affects its planning process. In the meantime, Kulon Progo District has its own leadership potential with good regional coordination and clear communication with its regional leaders. This potential can be a key element of its regional development as to reduce its internal issues. This leadership type owns by the regional leaders, along with the effective bureaucracy, is a manifestation of the capacity of its regional jurisdiction. This capacity of the Kulon Progo regency government within the framework to achieve self-sustaining economic can be obtained with the following efforts: (1) efforts to mobilize stakeholders in achieving self-sustaining economic by local leaders, (2) determination of local-pro economic policy and priorities program, and (3) implementation of a performance-based planning and budgeting process in an effort to boost the local economy. In practice, the leadership innovation is not strong enough to change the planning and budgeting system that has been institutionalized bureaucratically. Contextual conditions do have great affect to the success of leadership, policy making, and planning and budgeting aspects. Therefore, this study aims to examine the Kulon Progo District Government capacity in encouraging the self-sustaining economy.
Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Muatan Matematika Kelas IV SD Tahfidzul Qur’an Darul Abror
Authors: Mabruroh Unais , Sunarsih Diah , Mumpuni Atikah 
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada peserta didik kelas IV SD Tahfidzul Qur’an Darul Abror yang mengalami kesulitan pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar matematika pada materi bangun datar persegi dan persegi panjang. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan hasil tes, observasi partisipatif, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa jenis kesulitan belajar muatan matematika materi bangun persegi dan persegi panjang yang dialami oleh peserta didik kelas IV yaitu: a) peserta didik belum memahami sifat-sifat bangun datar persegi dan persegi panjang, b) kesulitan menentukan rumus untuk menyelesaikan suatu masalah, c) kelemahan dalam menghitung, d) kesulitan bahasa dan membaca. Faktor penyebab kesulitan belajar terdiri dari faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal adalah faktor yang berasal dari diri peserta didik, meliputi kesehatan fisik dan sikap peserta didik Faktor eksternal adalah faktor yang berasal dari luar diri peserta didik, meliputi sikap guru dan alat pembelajaran. Saran dalam penelitian ini adalah pembelajaran matematika perlu pengulangan dan memperbanyak frekuensi latihan soal, sehingga peserta didik dapat memahami konsep matematika.
Pengaruh Metode Pembelajaran Dan Gaya Kognitif Terhadap Motivasi Dan Hasil Belajar Penjas
Authors: Mayanto Akis , Zulfikar Zulfikar , Faisal Ahmad 
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah metode pembelajaran mempengaruhi motivasi dan hasil belajar penjas siswa kelas V SD di Kecamatan Gilireng Kabupaten Wajo bergantung pada gaya kognitif. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas V SD di Kecamatan Gilireng Kabupaten Wajo tahun ajaran 2018/2019 terdiri dari 5 sekolah. Penentuan sampel penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Sampel yang terpilih adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri 45 Poleonro dan kelas V SD Negeri 218 Gilireng yang berjumlah 79 orang. Instrument yang digunakan adalah tes gaya kognitif GEFT, angket motivasi belajar penjas dan tes hasil belajar penjas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Motivasi belajar penjas siswa kelas V SD di Kecamaatan Gilireng Kabupaten Wajo dipengaruhi oleh metode pembelajaran tergantung pada gaya kognitif, dan (2) Hasil belajar penjas siswa kelas V SD di Kecamatan Gilireng Kabupaten Wajo dipengaruhi oleh metode pembelajaran tergantung pada gaya kognitif.
INVITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CLOVE BUDS( EUGINEA AROMATICA)
Authors: A.Mounika A.Mounika , M.Sushma M.Sushma , Lahari Sidde Lahari Sidde , Sankara Malathi Sankara Malathi , Konapalli Rajani Konapalli Rajani 
Published: August 2020

Bioactive compounds from Eugenia aromaticum were extracted by Soxhlet using DCM ,DCM;WATER,WATER and extracts were examined for its phytocomponents along with Clove oil. These bioactive plant compounds were screened for possible antimicrobial activities against two strains of MDR S. aureus. Antimicrobial activity of extracts using agar diffusion disc variant method. The objective of this study was to evaluate technical variants used in screening methods to determine antibacterial activity of natural products. Thus, a varied range of natural products of plant were tested against two bacterial species,m Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and klebesella pnemonia ATCC 25922, by two variants of the agar diffusion method (well and disc), two variants of the bio autographic method (direct and indirect) and by microdilution assay. We concluded that the well-variant of the diffusion method was more sensitive than the disc-variant, it was found extract 1 ie,DCM and extract 2 i.e DCM;WATER had shown best results on antimicrobial activity ,phytocvhemical screening test are done for three extractsn invitro evalvation of antimicrobial activity was performed.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice toward legalization of abortion among female students of Sabiyan secondary and preparatory school, Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia, 2018. A descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Abera Legesse , Debebe Adisalem 
Published: August 2020

Background: Ethiopian abortion law is relatively liberal, but due to lack of knowledge and negative attitude toward legalization of abortion among most women, shortage of safe abortion services provision and significant amount of sociocultural pressures women still go to unsafe abortion service. So the objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice toward legalization of abortion among female students of Sabiyan secondary school, Dire Dawa, March 20-30/ 2018. Subjects & Methods: The study was conducted in Dire Dawa city, in Sabiyan high school. An institutional based cross-sectional survey was employed on randomly selected female students. Data was collected using pre- tested self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using computer software SPSS version 24.0. Tables, graphs and charts were used for some variable to describe the results of the study. Results: A total of 320 regular female students were included making the response rate of 100%. Ethiopian abortion law was assessed only 40 (12.5%) of participants were knowledgeable and only 98 (30.6%) of the respondents were having positive attitude. Out of 24 (7.5%) who ever get pregnant, 15 (4.7%) seek for unsafe abortion and only 7 (2.2%) were having experience (practice) of legal abortion. Conclusion: there was a low level of knowledge of the revised Ethiopian abortion law among study participants and majority of the participants had a negative attitude towards legal abortion services and only few of them had practice of legal abortion. So focusing on awareness creation strategy by each stakeholder is an important.
Evaluation of Gall Bladder Volume in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Using Real Time Ultrasonography
Authors: KS Jagadeesh  , Patil Ashwini M. 
Published: August 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Autonomic neuropathy manifests as esophageal dysfunction, nocturnal diarrhea, gall bladder dysfunction, sphincter disturbances, atonic bladder and orthostatic hypotension. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the gall bladder volume in fasting and post prandial state by real time ultrasound in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and healthy controls. Subjects and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 90 subjects were included. Among them, 45 were type 2 diabetes mellitus patients included as cases and 45 age and sex matched healthy controls, who attended the Department of Medicine and Radio-diagnosis, Akash Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Devanahalli, Bengaluru, Karnaaka. All the study subjects were underwent detailed general and systemic examinations. Under aseptic conditions, 3ml fasting blood samples were collected and used for the estimation of fasting blood sugar, post prandial blood sugar. Gall bladder volume evaluation in fasting and 45 minutes post prandial (standardized fatty meal) state were done in T2DM patients and controls using real time ultrasound (GE Voluson P8 Mechine). Results: In the present study, BMI (24.78 2.31 kg/m2), FBS (160.98 27.99 mg/dl), PPBS (244.31 38.91 mg/dl), Fasting gall bladder volume (33.33 6.42 cm3), post fatty meal gall bladder volume (15.21 6.39 cm3), ejection fraction (49.34 17.29 cm3) were significantly increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients compared with healthy controls. Conclusion: The study results conclude that, fasting and post-prandial gallbladder volumes are indicative of gallbladder function. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus showed statistically significant impairment of gallbladder function. Gallbladder function may be evaluated routinely in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Clinico – Radiological Study of Skeletal Dysplasias
Authors: B. Vanaja  , M Veena  , Gogi Shivaji 
Published: August 2020

Background: Skeletal dysplasia and osteochondrodysplasia refer to a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of disorders of skeletal development and growth. Their prevalence is about 1 in 4000 births. Skeletal dysplasia is prevalent worldwide and its prevalence varies in different parts of the world and even in the same country varies from region to region. The objective is to study the prevalence of skeletal dysplasia based on clinico-radiological features. Subjects and Methods: A hospital retro prospective based study of skeletal dysplasia’s was conducted over a period of 2 years in which 100 cases of skeletal dysplasia’s were studied and were grouped according to international classification of osteochondrodysplasia’ s revised in 2006. Results: 100 cases of skeletal dysplasia’s were detected by various modes of examination like clinical, radiological (radiographs, USG, CT scan, MRI, echocardiography), genetic and biochemical tests. Among 100 cases 22 cases showed clinico-radiologically concordance, 45 cases showed clinico-radiological complement and 40 cases showed clinico-radiological discordance. Conclusion: Our study makes an important observation that only clinical evaluation detected only 20% of skeletal dysplasia’s; and hence the importance of clinic-radiological evaluation in the proper diagnosis of skeletal dysplasia’s.
Evaluation of Parenchymal Thyroid Diseases Using Ultrasonography
Authors: Naveen BS  
Published: August 2020

Background: Thyroid diseases are among the most common endocrine disorders seen in all age groups. The present study was conducted to determine parenchymal thyroid diseases using Ultrasonography (USG) in adult patients. Subjects and Methods: This study was conducted on 140 adult patients. Patients were divided into five groups such as Group I (normal); Group II had first detected, early untreated Hashimoto disease (EH); Group III comprised of chronic Hashimoto patients that are under treatment and/or follow up (H); Group IV had multinodular parenchymal hyperplasia (M); and Group V had nodular hyperplasia with Hashimoto (HM). They underwent spectral Doppler ultrasound and acoustic radiation force impulse using Siemens ACUSON S2000 machine. Results: The mean RI in group I was 0.54, in group II was 0.56, in group III was 0.42, in group IV was 0.48 and in group V was 0.49, mean AT in group I was 26.2, in group II was 25.3, in group III was 71.3, in group IV was 46.2 and in group V was 45.1, mean SWV in group I was 1.54, in group II was 1.72, in group III was 1.20, in group IV was 1.46 and in group V was 1.65. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Authors found that resistivity index, acceleration time and shear wave velocity together are reliable for differential diagnosis of parenchymal thyroid diseases.
Letters and Diaries as Life Writing
Authors: Depkat Volker 
Published: August 2020

In lieu of an abstract, here is the first paragraph of this forum contribution:
The burgeoning field of life-writing studies constitutes a meeting ground of historiography and literary criticism. Historians and literary critics approach one and the same phenomenon from different disciplinary perspectives and with different epistemological interests. For historians, the texts that literary critics call life writing are personal documents, Selbstzeugnisse, or ego-documents that help pave the way toward understanding the “subjective dimension” of history, i.e., the personality, minds, motivations, emotions, and worldviews of concrete historical actors, who made, experienced, or endured history.[1]
The Austrian Contribution to American Life Revisited
Authors: Singerton Jonathan 
Published: August 2020

This review essay reviews From a Multiethnic Empire to a Nation of Nations: Austro-Hungarian Migrants in the US, 1870–1940, authored by Annemarie Steidl, Wladimir Fischer-Nebmaier, and James W. Oberly (Innsbruck: StudienVerlag, 2017) and Quiet Invaders Revisited: Biographies of Twentieth Century Immigrants to the United States, edited by Günter Bischof (Innsbruck: StudienVerlag, 2017).