bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relative Importance of Positive Aging Dimensions Among Latino Older Adults and Service Providers
Authors: Smith Jennifer , O’Brien Cate , Bihary Joseph 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The variation in Latino older adults’ conceptualizations of positive aging across studies suggests greater attention should be paid to within-group factors. The purpose of the current study was to identify which factors are important to positive aging from the perspective of Latino older adults, and whether the importance of these factors varied based on participant characteristics. A second aim of this study was to examine whether there are differences in views of successful aging between Latino older adults and service providers who support aging Latinos. The current study was conducted as part of a broader research project investigating Latino older adults’ perceptions of positive aging. Latino older adults (n = 93) and aging services providers (n = 45) rated the importance of a series of statements related to positive aging. Mixed-methods analysis of the statements identified nine distinct dimensions (Positive Outlook, Spirituality/Religion, Healthy Behaviors, Independence, Self-Care, Support for Others, Social Support, Leisure Activities, and Adaptability). Latino older adults rated Positive Outlook and Spirituality highest on importance, and ratings differed based on gender and other individual difference characteristics. For example, men placed greater relative importance on Independence and Support for Others compared to women, and younger participants rated Independence higher on importance compared to older participants. In addition, Latino older adults (vs. providers) placed greater importance on all aspects of positive aging, with greatest mean differences related to providing Support for Others and Spirituality. These findings have implications for wellness programs for Latino older adults and training for service providers.
Men’s Healing Work: Reconciling Intergenerational Ambivalence Through Fatherhood, Letter Writing, and Community
Authors: Kim Allen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Due to globalization, new ideals of fatherhood are challenging traditional paternal roles in South Korea. Contemporary fathers striving to emulate more engaged parenting sometimes wrestle with painful recollections of their own fathers’ stern, distant, and patriarchal approach. How do men reconcile their aspirations for their own development as parents when conflicted relationships with their fathers? Motivated by the concept of intergenerational ambivalence, this study analyzes letters South Korean men write to their fathers as assigned homework for Father School, an international men’s movement that aims to make men more nurturing. Under Father School direction, men adopt a life course frame that allows them to reconcile their mixed feelings toward their aging fathers. Analysis points to three life course discursive strategies that permit men to balance negative judgments with positive ones: 1) sharing with their parent the life stage as worker and father; 2) appreciating historically-situated differences between twentieth and twenty-first century lives and parenting imperatives; and, 3) drawing on deeply rooted filial norms to take responsibility for their own role in intergenerational conflicts. In addressing how these men manage intergenerational ambivalence, the article moves beyond prior research to extend the concept to father-son dyads, the Asian context, and the neglected meso-level where organizations may actively structure reconciliation.
Older Couples’ Marital Quality and Health Behaviors
Authors: Curl Angela , Bulanda Jennifer , Roberts Amy Restorick 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Health benefits of marriage may stem in part from spouses discouraging unhealthy behavior and encouraging healthy practices. Although studies show spousal effects on health behaviors, few have assessed whether spousal effects vary by the quality of the marital relationship. Spouses in low-quality marriages may be less likely to engage in joint activities that promote health (e.g., shared exercise), make fewer attempts at monitoring their spouse’s health behaviors, and be less successful in their attempts to intervene. Those in unhappy relationships may also use unhealthy behaviors as maladaptive coping strategies to deal with marital stress. We use dyadic data from couples over age 50 in the 2006 and 2008 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to examine how both spouses’ ratings of positive and negative dimensions of marital quality are associated with their own and their spouses’ exercise and smoking (n=3,498 couples). Using HLM software, we estimated actor-partner interdependence models (APIM). Results indicate that both own and husbands’ ratings of positive marital quality are significantly associated with wives’ odds of smoking. Own perceptions of negative marital quality and wives’ perceptions of both positive and negative marital quality are associated with husbands’ odds of smoking. For wives, neither own nor spousal marital quality is significantly related to exercise. For husbands, however, wives’ higher positive marital quality and lower negative marital quality are associated with increased exercise. Strategies to improve marital quality may promote healthy behaviors among older adults, particularly for husbands.
Relationship Quality and Depressive Symptoms Among Very Old Parents and Their Older Children in South Korea
Authors: Han Gyounghae , Min Joohong , Kim Joohyun , Kim Kyungmin , Boerner Kathrin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Research has consistently reported the association between intergenerational relationship quality and mental health outcomes in later life. However, few studies have examined the link among very old parents and their older children, and even fewer studies investigated whether the relationship quality matters similarly to parents and children. Employing a dyadic approach, this study examined how one’s own and partner’s perceptions of relationship quality (i.e., support and conflict) are associated with depressive symptoms among very old parents and their children. Data from 105 dyads of parents (age 81-97; M = 87.92, SD = 2.80) and their children (age 65-72; M = 65.87, SD = 1.23) in South Korea were used. Results showed that parents tended to report significantly higher levels of intergenerational support and lower levels of intergenerational conflict, compared to their children. Regarding the actor effects of relationship quality, one’s own perceptions of intergenerational conflict were positively associated with depressive symptoms for both parents (β = 0.26, p &lt; .01) and children (β = 0.37, p &lt; .001), whereas intergenerational support was not significant. In terms of the partner effect, intergenerational support (reported by parents) was negatively related to depressive symptoms only for children (β = -0.21, p &lt; .01), but the partner effect of conflict was not significant. The findings highlight the centrality of perceptions of intergenerational relationship in understanding well-being in later life. Further, children’s depressive symptoms were susceptible to how their parents view the relationship. Findings were discussed in the context of Intergenerational Stake Theory.
Associative Imagery as a Strategy to Improve Destination Memory in Younger and Older Adults
Authors: Johnson Tara , Stanko Katie , Jefferson Susan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Destination memory errors (inability to remember to whom information was shared) affects all ages, but older adults are particularly vulnerable due to poor source monitoring. Individuals may assume information was already shared when it was not or repeat previously shared information. The current study explored two mental imagery strategies (vivid imagery, visualizing context) to improve destination memory. Using a software program, younger and older adults told randomly generated facts to random celebrity faces. Participants were unaware of the upcoming memory tests. The control group did not use a strategy. The imagery group used vivid imagery to connect the fact and face (e.g., visualize Oprah on a dime to remember Oprah was told that dimes have 118 ridges). The context group visualized a provided context (e.g., grocery store) when telling a fact to a face. Assessments of performance on item memory (facts, faces) as well as destination memory (face-fact pairings) were counterbalanced. Results indicated an associative memory deficit among older adults, which was driven by a higher rate of false alarms. However, across all adults, the vivid imagery condition was more accurate than the control condition, and they demonstrated fewer false alarms. These findings suggest that older adults can use mental imagery to reduce false alarms and improve destination memory performance. Implications include reducing age stereotypes, improving conversations, and decreasing potentially dangerous situations (e.g., withholding important health information thinking it already was shared with a doctor).
Chronic Stress, C-Reactive Protein, and Cognition Among Racially and Ethnically Diverse Older Adults
Authors: Morris Emily , Zahodne Laura 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: Previous research suggests that chronic stress is associated with worse cognitive aging, but minimal research has examined potential mechanisms and moderators of these associations. Chronic stress is known to increase inflammation (e.g., C-reactive protein [CRP]), which has in turn been associated with worse cognition among older adults. The present study examined whether (1) CRP mediates associations between chronic stress and episodic memory and verbal fluency; and (2) these relationships differ by race/ethnicity. Methods: Participants included 18,968 adults (64% non-Hispanic White; 19% non-Hispanic Black; 14% Hispanic; 3% non-Hispanic other race/ethnicity; Mage=71.8; SDage=6.0) from the Health and Retirement Study. Chronic stress was operationalized as the occurrence and impact of eight ongoing stressors. Cross-sectional, stratified mediation models were conducted for three cognitive outcomes: immediate recall, delayed recall, and verbal fluency. Covariates included sociodemographics and vascular disease burden. Results: Chronic stress was associated worse immediate recall (beta=-.028). Higher CRP was not associated with any cognitive domains. Non-Hispanic Black participants reported more chronic stress than non-Hispanic White and Hispanic participants. Chronic stress was less strongly associated with higher CRP in non-Hispanic Black (beta=-.035) participants than non-Hispanic White (beta=.046) or Hispanic (beta=.059) participants. Discussion: Chronic stress may negatively influence episodic memory, but findings do not suggest that CRP mediates links between chronic stress and cognition. CRP may not track as closely with chronic stress among non-Hispanic Black older adults who may experience additional risk factors for inflammation and/or adapt to increased chronic stress.
Caregiver Neurotic Personality Trait and Elder Abuse—The Moderating Role of Change in the Level of Caregiver Burden
Authors: Fang Boye , Yan Elsie , Pei Yaolin , Yang Xiaozhao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objectives: To investigate whether caregiver neuroticism has an effect on subsequent occurrence of elder abuse and whether change in the level of caregiver perceived burden alters this relationship. Methods: Using two-year longitudinal data, we analyzed a consecutive sample of 800 Chinese family caregivers and their care recipients with dementia recruited from the geriatric and neurological departments of three Grade-A hospitals in People’s Republic of China (PRC). All the participatory dyads were assessed between September 2015 and February 2016 and followed for two years. Results: Significant increase in the prevalence was found for physical and psychological abuse, caregiver neglect, and financial exploitation. Caregivers high in neuroticism were more likely to engage in subsequent physical and psychological abuse, however, change in the level of caregiver perceived burden altered this association. Specifically, absence and alleviation of care burden during the two-year observation prevented the subsequent occurrence of physical and psychological abuse. Although caregiver neuroticism was also associated with subsequent caregiver neglect, caregiver perceived burden did not appear to have an impact on this relationship. Discussion: This study provided evidence that caregiver neuroticism was associated with subsequent physical and psychological abuse, while change in the level of caregiver perceived burden may alter this trajectory. These findings suggest the importance of implementing caregiver-centered intervention and prevention programs for elder abuse by specifically targeting at caregivers’ behaviors related to their neurotic personality trait and cognitive appraisal of caregiving stressors associated with such personality trait.
A Peacock That Does Not Show Its Feathers Is Not Much Different From a Turkey: On Being a Physician Executive for 25 Years
Authors: Battar Saraswathy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Compelling common threads in the fabric of being an academic and clinical geriatrician, VA health care executive and physician champion for VIONE – a national medication deprescribing project that was launched at 59 VA programs across the nation will be presented in a thought provoking, objective, evidence based and legacy oriented format. Highlights include a)success factors b)networking c) effective presentations d) lessons learned e)implementing elements of High Performance Delivery Model (HPDM), f)transforming ideas into actions that help rise and shine g) creating a legacy h)survey readiness h) keeping the main thing the main thing i) understanding others and helping others understand you. Making significant contributions in career is important. How the work is captured, projected, made visible as a viable, actionable solution to a critical and significant mission critical problem, strategic engagement with stakeholders, implementation with measurable outcomes, passionate engagement while being an affirmative, non-controversial leader who is eager, willing, available, capable and knowledgeable etc., are some of the other non-negotiable aspects of getting work recognized. Experiences shared include creating VIONE – a medication deprescribing project that won VA USH Shark Tank competition as a Gold Status Fellow with outcomes such as over 95,000 veterans impacted, over 194,000 non-essential medications deprescribed with accomplished cost savings of over 9.6 million US dollars in 4 years. This profound journey taught me the importance of effectively displaying worthy work with global relevance with dignity, credibility, pride, persuasion, leadership, efficiency, teamwork, art of persuasion, ponder, recharge, rejuvenate and start fresh – time and again.
Personality and High Blood Pressure Among Older Adults: State Anxiety as a Mediator
Authors: Stone Lisa , Koh Deborah , Weber Kendall 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
High blood pressure (BP) is a prevalent medical condition among older adults, and previous research has consistently found that the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality relates to elevated BP. However, variables that affect this relationship have been unexamined. Given the strong association between personality and state anxiety in later life, this study examined state anxiety as a mediator between the FFM and elevated BP. Participants consisted of respondents in the 2018 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (N=5225) who completed FFM and state anxiety questionnaires and had their BP measured. First, correlations were computed between the FFM and systolic and diastolic BP. Relationships were insignificant between systolic BP and the FFM. Conscientiousness (r = -.04) and Neuroticism (r = .03) were significantly correlated with diastolic BP. Next, a series of mediation models were computed. Controlling for sex, the test of indirect effects found that the connection from Conscientiousness to diastolic BP was significantly mediated by anxiety, Sobel Z test = -2.44, p = .01. Additionally, controlling for sex, the connection from Neuroticism to diastolic BP was significantly and fully mediated by anxiety, Sobel Z test = 2.02, p = .04. Although small effect sizes, Conscientiousness and Neuroticism were related to diastolic BP but not systolic BP, indicating personality differentially affects types of BP. The mediating role of state anxiety suggests that it can be used as a point of intervention to lessen the negative impact of low Conscientiousness and high Neuroticism on high diastolic BP among older adults.
A City Too Busy to Remember? Aging, Structural Violence, and the Politics of Forgetting in Atlanta’s Gentrification
Authors: Pothen John , Yip Keland , Idler Ellen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Can forgotten stories from the past inform a city’s future? As older adults continue to live longer and comprise more of the population than ever before, the suitability of gentrifying spaces for older adults aging in place is increasingly important. Critical theories of gentrification argue that remembering the experiences of older adults in this context - experiences of suffering, resilience, and structural violence - is essential to promote changes in support aging in place. In this study, we tell a story of individual experiences, structural violence, and aging in the ongoing gentrification of one neighborhood in southwest Atlanta. We construct this narrative through a qualitative analysis of 1,500 local newspaper articles from 1950 to the present day and 10 in-depth interviews with ex-residents of the neighborhood aged 65-87. Drawing on the theory of planetary rent gaps, we frame gentrification as a class struggle between property-owners and working class residents. We highlight the city government’s role as a facilitator for property-owners through projects including the Model City initiative, preparation for the 1996 Olympics, and ongoing development surrounding the Atlanta BeltLine. We show how these projects have affected the prospects for aging in place in general and, specifically, by affecting access to healthcare services. We share this story in an effort to combat the politics of forgetting and to inform a richer, more inclusive, and more equitable future for gentrifying spaces.
Chronic Stress and Risks for Myocardial Infarction in U.S. Adults
Authors: Farmer Heather , Xu Hanzhang , Navar Ann Marie , Nanna Michael , George Linda , Dupre Matthew 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Long-term exposure to stress has been linked to multiple behavioral and biological responses that are detrimental to cardiovascular health, but the association between chronic stress and risks for acute myocardial infarction (MI) remains unknown. We examined the association between exposure to chronic stress and MI incidence from 2006 to 2016 using data from a nationally-representative prospective cohort study of adults aged 45 and older (n=15,109). Chronic stressors included ongoing issues related to personal health, social relationships, financial strain, housing, and caregiving responsibilities. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the association between the number of chronic stressors and MI while adjusting for confounding risk factors. More than half of the respondents reported ≥2 chronic stressors at baseline. Risks for MI increased incrementally from 1 chronic stressor (HR=1.28; 95% CI, 1.20-1.37) to ≥4 chronic stressors (HR = 2.71; 95% CI, 2.08-3.53) compared with those who reported no stressors. These risks were partly attenuated after adjustments for socioeconomic, psychosocial, behavioral, and clinical risk factors. The impact of chronic stressors was especially pronounced among adults with a history of MI (P value for interaction=.032). In adults with a prior MI, risks for a recurrent MI increased substantially from 1 chronic stressor (HR=1.31; 95% CI, 1.10-1.55) to ≥4 chronic stressors (HR = 2.92; 95% CI, 1.47-5.82) compared to those with no stressors. Chronic stress is a significant risk factor for acute coronary events in U.S. adults. More research is required to further understand the psychosocial, behavioral, and biological mechanisms underlying this association.
Financial Strain, Self-Rated Health, and the Mediating Role of Health Behaviors During the Great Recession
Authors: Wilkinson Lindsay 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Previous research has revealed the physical and mental health consequences of the economic recession that began in 2007 and ended in 2009. Despite accumulating evidence of the harmful health effects of the economic downturn on older adults, relatively little research has examined the mechanisms involved in this relationship. Moreover, most research on the financial crisis has relied on objective indicators of the recession, despite evidence demonstrating the predictive utility of subjective measures such as financial strain. Drawing on a subsample of respondents age 50 or older from the Health and Retirement Study (N = 2040), this research (1) examines whether initial financial strain and that due to the recession independently contribute to worsening self-rated health over the period of the recession and (2) investigates the role of health behaviors as mechanisms in this relationship. Using longitudinal lagged dependent variable models that adjust for pre-recession self-rated health, the results reveal that both initial and increased financial strain due to the recession were associated with worsening self-rated health between 2006 and 2009. In addition, increased financial strain during the recession was found to be associated with skipped or postponed health care visits and change in prescription drug use, such as pill splitting and reduced or skipped doses, which, in turn, were associated with decreased health ratings. The results from this study suggest two important pathways in the recession-health relationship and have implications for policies aimed at supporting older adults during future financial crises.
Religion and Voting Behavior of Older Adults With Disabilities in Ghana
Authors: Yale Kodwo-Nyameazea 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Voting is a necessary and inherent right of citizens in democracies to select public office holders who decide how public goods and resources are distributed and maintained. It is therefore critical that all citizens who are eligible are able to participate in one of the key aspects of political participation – voting. This study focused on the factors that influence the ability of older adult Ghanaians with disabilities to vote in local and national elections. The study sample of 923 respondents was drawn from the second wave of WHO SAGE study on Global Aging and Adult Health. The results of the logistic regression analyses showed that religion influenced the voting behaviors of all the three people with disabilities groups included in the study. But certain groups are also influenced by interaction with community leaders and personal political interests and characteristics, including gender. Given these findings, it is suggested that an impact community be established around the meaning and ethics associated with the religious activities people with disabilities participate in, and engage them through civic engagement, and personal and community development activities that empower them to live meaningful lives.