bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Definition of cortical bone involvement in the staging of newly diagnosed pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma: A report from the International Working Group on Staging Evaluation and Response Criteria Harmonization (SEARCH)
Authors: Lewis Jocelyn , McCarten Kathleen , Kurch Lars , Flerlage Jamie E. , Kaste Sue C. , Kluge Regine , Stoevesandt Dietrich , Voss Stephan D. , Kelly Kara M. , Mauz‐Körholz Christine , Drachtman Richard A. , Metzger Monika L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe International Working Group on Staging Evaluation and Response Criteria Harmonization (SEARCH) seeks to provide a universally acceptable definition of cortical bone involvement in the staging of newly diagnosed pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma.ProcedureA comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar with the search terms “Hodgkin lymphoma,” “osseous lesions,” “bony involvement,” and “pediatric.” Publications reviewed included case reports, retrospective analyses, and literature reviews. Each was evaluated for study design, number of participants, median age and age range at diagnosis, percentage of pediatric patients, criteria of interest definition, diagnostic tools, study objectives, and level of evidence. The final definition was based on the available data and consensus of the SEARCH working group.ResultsTwenty‐five papers specifically addressing cortical bone involvement in Hodgkin lymphoma met the inclusion criteria. Eighteen papers were case reports with literature reviews; the remainder were observational cohort studies. Of these, 14 included pediatric patients (aged 0‐21 years). The criteria for cortical bone involvement were not clearly defined in any paper, often varied within a study, and were inconsistent between publications.ConclusionsThe SEARCH group for Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma (CAYAHL) proposes the following criteria as defining cortical bone involvement: any cortical bone biopsy‐proven lesion; a positive bony window lesion on computer tomography (CT), with an FDG‐PET positive correlate in a patient with biopsy‐proven Hodgkin lymphoma, if there is no other typical skeletal pathology; auspicious skeletal lesions on FDG‐PET or magnetic resonance imaging should be confirmed by CT or Tc‐99m scan to distinguish cortical lesions from bone marrow involvement. Nodal masses that extend into bone with bony destruction are considered extranodal extension or “E” lesions and do not represent metastatic or stage IV disease.
Synthesis, aggregation and adsorption behaviour of a thermoresponsive pentablock copolymer
Authors: Parekh Paresh , Ohno Sayaka , Yusa Shin‐ichi , Lv Chao , Du Binyang , Ray Debes , Aswal Vinod Kumar , Bahadur Pratap 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPoly(ethylene oxide)–poly(propylene oxide)–poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO–PPO–PEO) triblock copolymer (Pluronic F127) was modified by introducing poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) at both the PEO ends, and the pentablock copolymer (PNIPAM41–F127–PNIPAM41, PN41) so prepared was characterized using gel permeation chromatography and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The degree of polymerization of NIPAM blocks at the two ends was 41. The solution behaviour and microstructure of PN41 aggregates in water were examined using UV–visible spectroscopy, micro‐differential scanning calorimetry and small‐angle neutron scattering (SANS) and compared with F127. Two lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs) were observed for the pentablock copolymer, corresponding to PPO and PNIPAM blocks, respectively. The adsorption of PN41 on thiol‐grafted hydrophobic gold surfaces at various temperatures was investigated using a quartz crystal microbalance. It was found that the adsorption behaviour and mechanism of PN41 were mainly determined by the interactions of the pentablock copolymers with different chain conformations in dilute aqueous solutions at various temperatures. SANS measurements were used to determine the temperature‐dependent structural evolution of polymer micelles in aqueous solution. A NOESY study revealed that above the LSCT of PNIPAM, the interaction of PPO and PNIPAM protons increases and the distance between PPO and PNIPAM decreases. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Building strong foundations for educational achievement: Language assessments in early childhood education for deaf and hard of hearing children
Authors: Graham Patrick J. , Shuler‐Krause Elizabeth 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIt is widely accepted that assessment plays a role in monitoring the development of young children with special needs in early intervention/early childhood settings. The process of assessing young children's language skills often looks for delays within a solid language foundation. However, many children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) may not have a solid language foundation to assess, leading to inaccurate assessment. When we reframe how we assess language skills in children who are DHH, we ensure the assessment provides a comprehensive picture of the child's language development. It is important to modify language assessment tools where necessary while ensuring the assessment stays reliable and valid. It is critical to use multiple assessment tools to monitor the child's progress, including standardized assessments and assessment tools normed for DHH populations. Finally, it is crucial to monitor the child's skills in each language that they are using, regardless of which language is used most often. We explain why each of these factors needs to be considered in the assessment of young children who are DHH, will discuss the challenges of assessing this population, and will provide solutions to some of the challenges of assessing language skills in of young children who are DHH.
General personality dimensions, impairment and treatment response in obsessive–compulsive disorder
Authors: Samuels Jack , Bienvenu O. Joseph , Krasnow Janice , Wang Ying , Grados Marco A. , Cullen Bernadette , Goes Fernando S. , Maher Brion , Greenberg Benjamin D. , Mclaughlin Nicole C. , Rasmussen Steven A. , Fyer Abby J. , Knowles James A. , Mccracken James T. , Piacentini John , Geller Dan , Stewart S. Evelyn , Murphy Dennis L. , Shugart Yin‐Yao , Riddle Mark A. , Nestadt Gerald 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTGeneral personality dimensions are associated with clinical severity and treatment response in individuals with depression and many anxiety disorders, but little is known about these relationships in individuals with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Individuals in the current study included 705 adults with OCD who had participated in family and genetic studies of the disorder. Participants self‐completed the Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness Personality Inventory or Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness Five‐Factor Inventory‐3. Relationships between personality scores, and subjective impairment and OCD treatment response, were evaluated. The odds of subjective impairment increased with (unit increase in) the neuroticism score (odds ratio, OR = 1.03; 95% CI = 1.01–1.04; p < 0.01) and decreased with extraversion scores (OR = 0.98; 95% CI = 0.96–0.99; p < 0.01). The odds of reporting a good response to serotonin/selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (OR = 1.02; 95% CI = 1.01–1.04; p < 0.01) or cognitive behavioural therapy (OR = 1.03; 95% CI = 1.01–1.05; p < 0.01) increased with the extraversion score. The magnitude of these relationships did not change appreciably after adjusting for other clinical features related to one or more of the personality dimensions. The findings suggest that neuroticism and extraversion are associated with subjective impairment, and that extraversion is associated with self‐reported treatment response, in individuals with OCD. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate on the oxidation of caffeic acid benzyl ester: An electrochemical and theoretical study
Authors: Pantoja‐Hernández Maurizio A. , Alemán‐Vilis Josué A. , Sánchez Analilia , Salas‐Reyes Magali , López‐Bonilla Judith , Matus Myrna H. , Domínguez Zaira 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe effect of the ionic liquid (IL), 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate ([emim][AcO]) on the oxidation of (E)‐phenylmethyl‐3‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐2‐propenoate (commonly known as caffeic acid benzyl ester [CABE]) was analyzed through experimental and theoretical methods, such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The obtained results demonstrated that the AcO− anion promotes the oxidation of the caffeic ester; this is because of the basic character of AcO−, which plays an important role to reduce the amount of energy required for the removal of one electron from the IL‐CABE complex. This suggests that a strong hydrogen bond is formed between this anion and the phenolic H─O. Even the presence of water in the mixture of CABE‐IL does not have a significant effect on the electrooxidation of the complex. Hence, it is possible to infer that CABE is more attached to [emim][AcO] than to the water molecules in the solvation sphere under the experimental conditions evaluated here. Other intermolecular interactions between CABE and IL also contribute to stabilize the resulting complex, e.g., van der Waals and cation‐π interactions, which were evidenced through the theoretical noncovalent interactions (NCI) methodology. The relevant role of basic anions in the extraction of phenolic compounds, using ILs, has been documented in the literature; it should be considered that the strength of the hydrogen bond formed between the phenolic H─O and the IL should not contribute to the oxidation of target compounds.
Application of Colloid Water Covering on Explosive Welding of AA1060 Foil to Q235 Steel Plate
Authors: Ming Yang , Hong‐hao Ma , Zhao‐Wu Shen , Junfeng Xu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTo make industrial explosives suitable for explosive welding of metal foils, colloid water was used as a covering of explosives. The effect of the colloidal water thickness on the critical thickness of the explosives was investigated, and then AA1060 foil and Q235 steel plate were bonded using this method. Additionally, the bonding properties of the clad plate were studied through mechanical performance tests and microstructure observations. The results show that the colloid water can significantly reduce the consumption of explosives and avoid excess energy in foil weld, due to the low critical thickness of explosives in this condition. The AA1060/Q235 composite sheet shows an excellent bonding quality without macroscopic defects except for the boundary area, and no separation, tearing or fracture was observed under bending load. The microstructure results show a wave‐type metallurgical bonding between the two materials, with some melting zones in the crest. In addition, a hardening phenomenon near the AA1060/Q235 interface was revealed by microhardness and fractography studies on the tensile specimen.
X‐ray crystallographic structure of BshB, the zinc‐dependent deacetylase involved in bacillithiol biosynthesis
Authors: Woodward Robert L. , Castleman Michaela M. , Meloche Chelsea E. , Karpen Mary E. , Carlson Clare G. , Yobi William H. , Jepsen Jacqueline C. , Lewis Benjamin W. , Zarnosky Brooke N. , Cook Paul D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMany gram‐positive bacteria produce bacillithiol to aid in the maintenance of redox homeostasis and degradation of toxic compounds, including the antibiotic fosfomycin. Bacillithiol is produced via a three‐enzyme pathway that includes the action of the zinc‐dependent deacetylase BshB. Previous studies identified conserved aspartate and histidine residues within the active site that are involved in metal binding and catalysis, but the enzymatic mechanism is not fully understood. Here we report two X‐ray crystallographic structures of BshB from Bacillus subtilis that provide insight into the BshB catalytic mechanism.
A novel androgen receptor antagonist JJ‐450 inhibits enzalutamide‐resistant mutant ARF876L nuclear import and function
Authors: Wu Zeyu , Wang Ke , Yang Zhenyu , Pascal Laura E. , Nelson Joel B. , Takubo Keita , Wipf Peter , Wang Zhou 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundCastration‐resistant prostate cancer can develop resistance to enzalutamide because of androgen receptor (AR) point mutations, AR overexpression, constitutively active AR splice variants, and/or elevated intratumoral androgen synthesis. The point mutation ARF876L was reported to be stimulated, instead of inhibited, by enzalutamide, thus contributing to enzalutamide resistance. We have recently developed JJ‐450 as a novel AR antagonist with the potential to treat enzalutamide‐resistant castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).MethodsWe employed several assays to determine the impact of JJ‐450 and enzalutamide on prostate cancer cell lines expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐ARF876L. These assays include a prostate‐specific antigen enhancer/promoter‐based luciferase assay to determine AR transcriptional activity, a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay, and Western blot analysis to detect expression of AR‐target genes at the messenger RNA and protein level, fluorescence microscopy to show AR subcellular localization, and a 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine assay to measure prostate cancer cell proliferation.ResultsAs expected, enzalutamide inhibited wild‐type (WT) AR but not ARF876L transcriptional activity in the luciferase assay. In contrast, JJ‐450 inhibited both WT‐AR and ARF876L transcriptional activity to a similar extent. Also, enzalutamide retarded androgen‐induced nuclear import of GFP‐AR, but not GFP‐ARF876L, whereas JJ‐450 retarded nuclear import of both GFP‐AR and GFP‐ARF876L. To further evaluate JJ‐450 inhibition of ARF876L, we stably transfected C4‐2 cells separately with GFP‐AR or GFP‐ARF876L. Enzalutamide inhibited endogenous AR‐target gene expression in C4‐2‐GFP‐ARWT, but not in the C4‐2–GFP‐ARF876L subline, whereas JJ‐450 inhibited AR‐target gene expression in both C4‐2 sublines. More importantly, enzalutamide inhibited proliferation of C4‐2‐GFP‐ARWT, but not of the C4‐2‐GFP‐ARF876L subline, whereas JJ‐450 inhibited proliferation of both C4‐2 sublines.ConclusionJJ‐450 inhibits enzalutamide‐resistant ARF876L mutant nuclear translocation and function. Our findings suggest that JJ‐450 and its analogs should be further developed to provide a potential new approach for the treatment of enzalutamide‐resistant CRPC.
SAXSDom: Modeling multidomain protein structures using small‐angle X‐ray scattering data
Authors: Hou Jie , Adhikari Badri , Tanner John J. , Cheng Jianlin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMany proteins are composed of several domains that pack together into a complex tertiary structure. Multidomain proteins can be challenging for protein structure modeling, particularly those for which templates can be found for individual domains but not for the entire sequence. In such cases, homology modeling can generate high quality models of the domains but not for the orientations between domains. Small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) reports the structural properties of entire proteins and has the potential for guiding homology modeling of multidomain proteins. In this article, we describe a novel multidomain protein assembly modeling method, SAXSDom that integrates experimental knowledge from SAXS with probabilistic Input‐Output Hidden Markov model to assemble the structures of individual domains together. Four SAXS‐based scoring functions were developed and tested, and the method was evaluated on multidomain proteins from two public datasets. Incorporation of SAXS information improved the accuracy of domain assembly for 40 out of 46 critical assessment of protein structure prediction multidomain protein targets and 45 out of 73 multidomain protein targets from the ab initio domain assembly dataset. The results demonstrate that SAXS data can provide useful information to improve the accuracy of domain‐domain assembly. The source code and tool packages are available at https://github.com/jianlin-cheng/SAXSDom.
Therapeutic utility of glucocorticoids and antihistamines cotreatment. Rationale and perspectives
Authors: Zappia Carlos D. , Monczor Federico 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAntihistamines and glucocorticoids (GCs) are often used together in the clinic, in several inflammatory‐related situations. Even though there is no clear rationale for this drug association, the clinical practice is based on the assumption that due to their concomitant antiinflammatory effects, there should be an intrinsic benefit in their coadministration. Our group has studied the molecular interaction between the histamine H1 receptor and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling pathways, showing an enhancing effect on GC‐induced GR transcriptional activity induced by antihistamines. We hypothesize that the existence of this synergistic effect could contribute in reducing the GCs clinical doses, ineffective by itself but effective in combination with an antihistamine. This could result in a therapeutic advantage as the GC‐desired effects may be reinforced by the addition of an antihistamine and, as a consequence of the dose reduction, GC‐related adverse effects could be reduced or at least mitigated. Here we discuss the potential therapeutic applications of this cotreatment seeking to evaluate its usefulness, especially in inflammatory‐related conditions.
Flash point of binary mixtures of chlorinated hydrocarbons with toluene and their predictability with existing mixing rule
Authors: Fayet Guillaume , Tribouilloy Benoit , Rotureau Patricia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe flash points of binary mixtures of toluene with two chlorinated hydrocarbons (trichloroethylene and dichloromethane) at different concentrations were investigated to evaluate their predictability by existing mixing rules.Measurements were performed using both open and closed cup flash point testers highlighting complex ignition phenomena. Beyond a certain level of concentration in chlorinated compound, no proper flash is observed, in our test conditions when the flame is presented, but specific behaviors are observed that did not allow the definitive determination of a flash point. The observed phenomena can be attributed to the formation of halogenated radicals, presenting flame‐retardant behaviors, by decomposition of the chlorinated vapors at the contact of the flame.Existing mixing rules are based on the consideration of the vapor‐liquid equilibrium defining the amount of flammable vapors above the liquid surface. So, the application of such mixing rule failed predicting this specific phenomenon, more likely related to a specific reactivity problem.This work also confirms that the sole consideration of the flash point to investigate the flammability of such mixtures may lead to an underestimation of their actual hazard. Additional experimental tests should be conducted to investigate deeper the flammability of such liquid mixtures.
Parental health, informal support, and geographic mobility between parents and adult children
Authors: Vergauwen Jorik , Mortelmans Dimitri 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntergenerational solidarity is crucial to address the needs of ageing people. Numerous studies have identified geographic distance between parents and children as an important determinant of intergenerational support. This paper aims to examine to what extent parents' functional disabilities and children's support involvement relate to changing geographic parent–child proximity. We also take a comparative approach to study patterns of geographic mobility of parents and children across Europe. Multilevel multinomial logistic regression analysis is performed on data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe for 15 countries. The analysis shows that rapid declines in the functional abilities of parents often lead to intergenerational coresidence. In addition, we find that children start and continue to support most frequently when proceeding to coresidence, although similar results appear for moves leading to a parent–child distance closer than 5 km. Moves bringing parents and children closer together are most prevalent in southern European countries. In contrast to our expectations, the analysis also suggests that parental health declines connect more with moves to coresidence in central and northern European countries compared with the southern region.
Semi‐idealized simulations of wintertime flows and pollutant transport in an Alpine valley: Origins of local circulations (Part I)
Authors: Sabatier Tiphaine , Paci Alexandre , Lac Christine , Canut Guylaine , Largeron Yann , Masson Valéry 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMountainous terrains are known for driving their own dynamics which respond to the local morphological arrangement of the area. Thermally driven flows in particular develop at slope and valley scales and ensure a certain degree of pollutant dispersion under quiescent wintertime synoptic conditions. The present study focuses on a section of the Arve River valley situated close to Mont Blanc which frequently suffers from severe pollution episodes under stable wintertime conditions whilst surrounding valleys appear to be less affected. The particular shape of this basin‐like section and its location at the confluence of several tributary valleys raises the question of the extent to which local circulations participate in pollutant trapping over restricted sectors. A set of high‐resolution numerical simulations are designed in order to improve our understanding of the local flow structure and their sensitivity to thermal stratification, radiative forcing and snow cover. The tributary valleys play a major role in both daytime and night‐time dynamics by deflecting the entering daytime flux and constraining the night‐time flow trajectories. In addition, the basin morphology greatly influences the circulations. During daytime a two‐layer wind structure is developed and driven by spatial variations in sun exposure which is particularly heterogeneous under wintertime forcing. Early spring radiative forcing or the presence of snow allow both of them to develop more homogeneous circulations through the reduction of sun exposure variations, except when snow cover is restricted to shaded basin sidewalls. At night, a three‐layer wind structure is developed. It favours air mass ventilation in the western linear branch of the basin whilst stagnation and recirculation prevail in the curved part of the valley which is also the most polluted. This study therefore highlights spatial variations in circulation patterns consistent with the accumulation of observed pollutants and their heterogeneous distribution.
Ammonia, water, and hydrogen: Can nuclear motion be described classically?
Authors: Frank Irmgard , Genuit Stefanie , Matz Florian , Oschinski Hedda 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe hypothesis that nuclear motion can be described classically has been tested for several critical systems. We investigate the inversion of ammonia and the heat capacities of water and hydrogen. We use conventional ab initio molecular dynamics, which describes nuclear motion classically and the electron cloud using density functional theory. Ammonia inversion is described perfectly by the tunneling of the p orbital through the molecular plane. Nuclear tunneling is not needed to describe this phenomenon. While the investigation of heat capacities is hampered by the brief simulation times and limited system sizes, we can nevertheless make some qualitative statements. Indeed, the heat capacity can be frozen out in molecular dynamics simulations of solids, and hence, a quantized description is not required.