bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remaining Life and Corrosion Rate Prediction of Well Casing Material in the CO2 Environment
Authors: Sholihin Muhamad Yudi Masduky , Kusyanto Hendry Saputra , Wijaya Roni Hadi , Haryadi Wahyu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Prediction of CO2 corrosion is required for predicting remaining life and determination of the required material selection. This paper give prediction of corrosion rate and remaining life of casing in the North Aceh well which is operated almost 14 years. Simulation method application is appropriate with the condition of North Aceh field since the well fluids contain high CO2 gas (35 – 37%) and small amount of H2S gas (0.016%). Based on historical data North Aceh well’s after production almost 14 years, it is possible that production packer leaks and degradation of cement could cause formation gas migrate through micro channelling inside cement. The CO2 gas which is accumulate in casing could cause CO2 corrosion. The corrosion rate calculation based on temperature 141°C, pressure 103.4 Barg and CO2 contain 37% is 0.871 mm/year. After calculating the thickness loss, we found thickness loss of casing K55 is 12.741 mm. meanwhile thickness of K55 casing 10.92 mm, it means the casing already leak before year 14th. Based on simulation and calculation the North Aceh well is assumed to have tubing and packer leaks in annulus #0 and channeling on annulus #1 so that the well is not recommended for re-production because of the communication between the annulus and the loss of the well barrier that can cause wellhead leakage. This condition is very dangerous because the well fluid is flammable and can cause pollution in the sea.
Critical properties of binary mixtures of hydrocarbons for linear hard sphere models of molecules based on ISPT, Nezbeda and Boublik equations of state, and the chain equation of state of R J Sadus
Authors: Kaur S , Pakhouri B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The predicted results of virial coefficients from different equations of state of hard body fluids such as linearly tangent hard spheres, hard ellipsoidals or hard spherocylinders have been used to calculate the values of nonsphericity factor and the van der Waals parameters. The parameters of these equations of state testify the predicted critical properties satisfactorily. The improved accuracy of the predicted results has been observed by incorporating the chain concept with the shape of the molecules of binary mixtures of hydrocarbons.
Fracture Behaviour of Recycled Aggregate Concrete Beams – An Experimental Study
Authors: Jagan S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to assess the effect of recycled aggregates on the fracture energy properties of concrete under various notch depths. In this studyfracture energy of recycled aggregate concrete beams of size 700mmx150mmx150mm with notches of size 7.5mm, 15mm, 45mm and 75mm were provided to study the fracture energy properties like unstable fracture toughness and Crack Mouth Opening Displacement (CMOD). A clip gauge of + 4mm range over a gauge length of 25mm was fixed across the notch at the bottom face of the beam to measure the crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD). Linear varying differential transformer (LVDT) of two numbers was used to determine the deflection of the specimens. Specimens of two water/cement ratios 0.5 and 0.45 were adopted to study the fracture energy and the results were compared. Fracture parameters such as unstable fracture toughness were predicted using empirical relations. Fracture studies elucidates that fracture energy dissipation increases with increase in the notch depth. Also fracture energy dissipation and CMOD of recycled aggregate concrete is more compared to conventional aggregate concrete due to the higher water absorption capacity of recycled aggregates.
Synthesis and characterization of phenylacrylonitrile derivatives of aromatic aldehydes in presence of DBU
Authors: Rejithamol R , Beena S , Sajitha C S , Malavika Dileep N K , Drisya A , Keerthi P R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
An efficient one pot synthesis of phenylacrylonitrile derivatives from the condensation of electronegative active methylene group of 2-nitrophenylacetonitrile with aromatic aldehydes using diazabicycloundecene(DBU) as anamidine base.
Role of Supplemental Cementitious Materials on the Strength Characteristics of GreenConcrete Specimens
Authors: Dar A.R. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Numerous natural waste materials possessing cementitious property are available in abundance. This study presents an experimental investigation on self-consolidating concrete (SCC) by partially replacing natural sand with waste marble powder (WMP), and partially substituting cement by waste limestone dust (WLSD), along with saccharumofficinarum molasses as an admixture. Evaluation of relevant material properties of such mixes, both in wet and hardened state was the primary aim of this study. Initially conventional mix of self-consolidating concrete was developed by adopting saccharumofficinarummolasses as the only admixture. Later other mixes were prepared by replacement of sand by WMP ranging from 8-40% togetherwith a uniform5% replacement of cement by WLSD. Furthermore, ultrasonic pulse velocity, drying shrinkage and standard consistency tests of the concrete were conducted. The replacement of sand and cement by industrial by-products partially has shown considerable enhancement in relevant properties of the above new concrete mixes rightly called as green concrete.
Use of industrial waste as partial fine aggregate replacement in SCC
Authors: Vivek S S , Dhinakaran G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the current scenario, SCC is used in the variety of massconcreting applications. But SCC involves usage of more quantities of binder and fine aggregate content compared to conventionally vibrated concrete (CVC). The availability of basic constituent materials required for preparing the concrete in the entire world is facing a majorcrisis. For example, the construction industry has faced the non-availability of river sand since it is the principal ingredient that contributes the homogeneity in concrete. The experimental investigation was planned with the total of ten SCC mixes using industrial wastes namely copper slag (CS) and steel slag (SS) from 0% to 50% (with an increment of 10%) as fine aggregate replacement along with one control SCC (SCC0). The water-powder (w/p) ratio of 0.38, the dosage of Super plasticizer (SP) as 1.5% by the weight of cement and viscosity modifying agent VMA as 0.15% by the weight of cement were arrived based on the laboratory test trials. The fresh property tests were conducted in greener SCC according to EFNARC guidelines. The mechanical properties(compressive strength and split-tensile) were determined after 28 days of curing. Keywords: Compressive strength; copper slag; self-compacting concrete; splitting tensile strength; steel slag.
Quantitative analysis of microplastics in wastewater from treatment plant by visual identification and FT-IR imaging using H2O2 and FeSO4: A case study
Authors: Yuvedha S , Yoganandhan U , Nampoothiri Dr N V N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Plastic is a commonly used and perhaps unavoidablematerial due to its multifaceted nature. Plastic wastes do not degrade easily and hence present as a major threat to environment. Plastics of particle size less than 5mm is universally considered as microplastics. The present study investigates the identification and identification and quantification of microplastics. The sample was collected from the wastewater treatment plant of the Kalasalingam University campus as a bulk sample. The sample was prepared using Hydrogen peroxide and Iron II sulfate to oxidize the organic matter. Filtration was carried out in a set of filetr papers arranged in series with decreasing pore size. Sediments were collected and analyzed using FTIR imaging, The surface of the paper was analyzed using 40X dissecting microscope for visual identification. Further, SEM analysis with EDS mapping was performed to study the material composition. Eight different types of microplastics (MPs) were identified and sizes measured. The particle size varied from 10 -20 micron.
Transport of curcumin from cross-linked chitosan matrices: A comparative study
Authors: Nayak R , Philip J , Rodrigues F C , Thakur G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Chitosan hydrogels are widely studied as drug delivery vehicles. The present work involves investigating the effects of cross-linking on morphology of chitosan gels and their impact on the curcumin release from cross-linked gel matrices. Chitosan usually suffers from poor mechanical strength so to improve the mechanical and thermal stability the gels are often chemically cross-linked. In this study, chitosan hydrogels are prepared and then the gels are cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (synthetic cross-linker) and genipin (a naturally occurring cross-linker). Cross-linked gels are subjected to a number of tests, such as compression test, swelling study, and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Release study was performed by forming drug loaded gels by incorporating curcumin into the chitosan matrices. Morphological analysis for the cross-linked gels revealed compact network structure. Chitosan gel cross-linked with genipin, indicated higher compressive strength (0.1539 + 0.03) MPa than gel cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (0.032 + 0.01) MPa. Gels cross-linked with glutaraldehyde showed higher swelling and also higher release of curcumin ∼90.67% whereas, genipin cross-linked gels having more compact network shows better release profile of curcumin ∼79.26% over 24 hours (P<0.05). Release behaviour indicates swelling dependent release.
Open Hole Testing Methods for Different Materials: A Review
Authors: Sirmour S , Kumar U , Chandrakar H , Gupta N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In service failure of the fastened structures is an important concern for the automobile and aerospace industries. The failure of these structures is mainly due to the presence of holes which act as stress concentration sites. These localized stress concentration sites are responsible for crack initiation and propagation. Open hole tests of the structural component under tensile stresses and cyclic loading can help to predict component failure. Studies based on the effect of hole fabrication technique, hole size, specimen dimensions, nature of material, type of loading and strain rate on the tensile and fatigue strength of the component, helps in establishing the failure mechanisms for the component. This review is to understand different open hole tests required to predict the tensile and fatigue strength of aluminium alloys and composite laminates used particularly in automobile and aerospace industries.
Experimental investigations on hole quality in drilling of cenosphere reinforced epoxy composite
Authors: Angadi S B , Ashrith H S , Gaitonde V N , Karnik S R , Doddamani Mrityunjay 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Cenosphere reinforced epoxy composites are steadily replacing the conventional materials in marine, aerospace and automobile structuresowing to their lightweight properties.Drilling is an important conventional machining process essential for assemblyof polymer composites using rivets and bolts. Drilling induces damage around the hole which significantly deteriorates composite performance. In the present study, hole quality characteristicssuch as cylindricity and delamination in drilling of fly ash cenosphere filled epoxy composites are investigated using coated tungsten carbide drill bits.Feed, cutting speed, filler content and drill diameter are considered as the drilling process variables.Samples are fabricated by varying cenosphere content from 10to 60by volume %inepoxy resin.Full factorial design (FFD) based experiments are conducted on CNC vertical machining center. Response surface methodology (RSM) based mathematical models are proposed to estimate the characteristics of the hole quality in developed composites. Analysis of variance is used to validate the developed mathematical models.Present study reveals that the cylindricity and delamination decreases with increasing feed. Increasing cutting speed decreases the cylindricity, however delamination is found to be increasing.Results also shows the importance of using high cenosphere content for producing sound quality holes, which is also beneficial from weight savingperspective.
Synthesis Characterisation and anti-microbial properties of two Salicylaldimine Schiff base complexes of transition metals
Authors: Omanakuttan Anaja , Priyanka G , Divya Mohan R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Schiff bases and their metal complexes are widely used in the area of pharmacology owing to their anti-microbial properties. In this article, we detail the synthesis of two metal complexes, viz. Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of a salicylaldimine Schiff base formed from orthophenylene diamine (o-phdn) and salicylaldehyde. The complexes 1 [Cu(sal-o-phdn)] and 2 [Zn(sal-o-phdn)] are characterized by spectroscopic techniques like Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT IR) and UV-Visible spectroscopic studies. The biological activity of the two complexes along with the Schiff base resistant to two gram positive and two gram negative bacteria is measured by Disc diffusion method. The complexes are found to be good candidates against certain microorganisms.
Durability Performance of Fly Ash and Steatite Powder Based Geopolymer Concrete
Authors: Premkumar R , Babu Chokkalingam Ramesh , Shanmugasundaram M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper deals with the study of durability properties of fly ash and steatite powder based Geopolymer concrete. The activating alkali used was 10 M sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate solution. The ratio of sodium hydroxide and sodium silicate ratio was 1:2.5. The range of replacement levels of flyash with steatite powder was from0 – 50 %. In order to improve the workability of geopolymer concrete, a PC based admixture Glenium B233 has been used for all the mixtures. In addition to that the concrete has been cured at oven at 70oC for about 48 hours. The following durability index properties such as water absorption, sorptivity, rapid chloride penetration test and acid attack test were measured at 28days. The observed results indicated that, increase in steatite powder demonstrates low water absorption and low permeability representing that the material was in a high dense pore structure. Additionally in acid resistance test, there was a decline in the percent losses of compressive strength with particular time period but then again the declination was lower when compared to increase in steatite powder.
Analysis of angular shrinkage of fused filament fabricated poly-lactic-acid prints and its relationship with other process parameters
Authors: Sandhu K , Singh S , Prakash C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Undoubtedly, fused filament fabrication (FFF), a class of additive manufacturing has established as one of the most efficient process for the development of a wide range of functional/non-functional products. However, the process suffers from poor geometrical and mechanical characteristics that are limiting its potential for the fabrication of sophisticated parts. In the present work, an effort has been made to investigate the effect of build orientation angle, head scan speed, and layer thickness on the shrinkage of resulting poly-lactic-acid (PLA) prints by using design of experimentation and machine learning based statistical methodologies. Firstly, a total of 20 test samples, with repletion of 5, were prepared by using an open source based commercial fused filament fabrication (FFF) setup and then investigated for their dimensional accuracies by using Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM). Finally, the obtained data was investigated, statistically, in order to find out the significance of selected process variables on resulted dimensional features. The regression models developed for the prediction of shrinkage by using Statistical and artificial neural network were possessed R2 ∼ 97.66% and ∼ 97.78%, respectively. Further, scanning electron micrographic analysis has been carried out to observe the changes occurred in the geometrical features of the produced prints. Overall, the study concluded that rate of angular shrinkage increased with an increase in the build orientation angle and decrease in the layer thickness & head scan speed.
Experimental investigation of Open Graded mixes using Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Anusha T M , Jagadeesh H S , Sunil S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Open Graded Friction Course is widely used as a surface layer in the flexible pavement which is also termed as porous asphalt or popcorn mix. Open Graded Friction Course (OGFC) mix has various advantages such as increased permeability, noise reduction and enhanced surface friction, mix is mainly comprises of large coarse aggregates, little fine aggregates and maximum percentage of asphalt content which makes mix more expensive. In the present research work an attempt is made to reduce the cost of the mix by using reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) by replacing with conventional aggregates with increase percentage of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50% with addition PMB 40 and Arbocell fiber as a stabilizing agent to prevent drain down. In order to determine the feasibility of using reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) in open graded mixes various tests such as indirect tensile test, fatigue test and rutting test is carried out. By conducting test on Air voids, Cantabro test and Drain down the optimum binder content for conventional mix and for mix with RAP is determined. From the test results it is found that 30% of RAP can be replaced with conventional aggregates in open graded mixes.
Characterization and Analysis of Natural Fibre-Rice Husk with Wood Plastic Composites
Authors: Pratheep V G , Priyanka E B , Hare Prasad P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Natural fibers are renewable materials and have the ability to recycle. But, they are hydrophilic in nature and exhibit poor resistance to moisture.The main associated in developing new composite is adhesion property existing between fiber and matrix which can be enhanced by chemical variation which result in reducing hydrophilic nature. The powder with small particles was preferred since when the size of the particle decreases the intermolecular force adhesion increases. In this research work, matrix involving polyester resin possessing 62.07 of molecular weight (Mw) combined with rice husk (RH) to create an Hybridized Wood-Plastic Composite (HWPC). The impact of contribution of RH, wood powder by both contribution percent and its particle size are evaluated by investing its flexural, tensile and impact properties of HWPC. The investigation infers that by analyzing the percent of RH, wood powder, polyester resin matrix by weight ratio, it is inferred that the wood powder proportion increment increases the tensile property. Meanwhile, after reaching its maximum bar limit, it causes the impact and tensile property to get minimized rate. From mechanical properties analysis it results that high flexural strength can be obtained by smaller RH size utilization where it increases the interaction between RH and wood powder due to reduced voids and cavities which are obtained from the analysis of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis.
Enhancing wear rate of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) by adding ceramic particles to propose an option for artificial hip joint liner
Authors: Jamal Mahboba Yousuf , Abdullah Al-Shammari Mohsin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Wear of total hip prosthesis is a significant clinical problem that nowadays involves a growing number of patients. To acquire further knowledge on the tribological phenomena that involve hip prosthesis, wear tests must be done on new biomaterials to increase life of orthopaedic implants, the average serviceability of an artificial hip joint is around 15 years, this average looks fine for a patient over 60 years old while number of young patients is increasing due to life style or accidents which raise a caution for researchers to propose new materials or design in order to extend the average over 15 years. In this work an experimental work that concerned with improving HDPE for acetabular liner part, which is improved by adding ceramic (Alumina and Zirconia) to form hyper-composite material, a three percentages of ceramic (3%, 6% and 9%) will be added to remaining percentage of polyethylene which is tested with Pin on Disc wear test machine and the results obtained for specific wear constant (k) are (2.08, 1.28, 0.77 and 1.40)*10-4 mm3.N-1.m-1, The results shows that the composite with (94% HDPE, 4.8% Alumina and 1.2% Zirconia) has least wear rate among other composites, percentage of alumina to zirconia is kept at 80:20 as studies have shown that at this percentage best properties are gained as the density is at highest level. Microhardness is also tested for all specimens and showed a mild increment in hardness as ceramic content increase, although hardness increased but this does not necessarily impose lower wear rate as the equation of specific wear rate is derived from Archard equation which is based on theoretic model of hemispherical asperities with a constant (K) that compensate for asperities shape and other factors.
On the density calculation of fabricated zirconia toughened alumina by unconventional method
Authors: Kundu Sudip , Mazumder Subhrojyoti , SupradeepaPanual G , Ghosh Kunal , Mandal Nilrudra 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aim of the paper is to fabricate zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) by varying compaction pressure and sintering temperature from commercially available ZTA powder in the laboratory and postulate an unconventional method for estimating the bulk density in the zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) apart from conventional Archimedes principle method. The operating parameters have been selected to investigate the void fraction at different sintered conditions. The densities of the as sintered specimens are estimated from the micrograph taken at different positions of the specimens with the help of image processing method using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The results are compared with the conventional one and found a deviation of minimum and maximum of ∼ 3.34 and ∼ 5.95 % respectively. The said method can be considered for approximating the voids more precisely since during the conventional Archimedes method, the medium remains unable to reach into the core of each pore completely. At higher temperature the grain growth increases which in turn densifies the overall composite structure and thus leading to the pore reduction.
Dynamic analysis of fireworks industrial buildings under impulsive loading
Authors: Chellakavitha N. , Siveetha V. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract90% of fire crackers are manufactured in firework industries situated in and around sivakasi town of virudhunagar district, Tamiladu. The fire work and match work industries are constructed by clay brick masonry. Where the accidental explosion may occur due to the mishandling of chemicals during manufacturing of fire crackers and is reported regularly. Since the clay brick masonry is brittle in nature, the failure of masonry often leads to flying debris resulting in loss of life/injury to a large number of people and property. Existing structures are lack in explosion resistance features and hence the structures are needed to be strengthened. Clay brick masonry models with 230mm & 300mm thickness were considered in this study and it is retrofitted with GFRP sheets of 3mm because of its low cost, corrosion resistance, high strain at failure and high tensile strength. This study mainly focuses on the performance of masonry unit retrofitted with GFRP sheets in different blast loading. The static & dynamic analysis were carried out using ANSYS software, The test result indicates that the deformation of a retrofitted unit is 67.8% less as compared to conventional unit.