bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 15 February 2014 Mw 4.1 South Carolina Earthquake Sequence: Aftershock Productivity, Hypocentral Depths, and Stress Drops
Authors: Daniels Clara , Peng Zhigang , Wu Qimin , Ni Sidao , Meng Xiaofeng , Yao Dongdong , Wagner Lara S. , Fischer Karen M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe border between Georgia and South Carolina has a moderate amount of seismicity typical of the Piedmont Province of the eastern United States and greater than most other intraplate regions. Historical records suggest on average a Mw 4.5 earthquake every 50 yr in the region of the J. Strom Thurmond Reservoir, which is located on the border between Georgia and South Carolina. The Mw 4.1 earthquake on 15 February 2014 near Edgefield, South Carolina, was one of the largest events in this region recorded by nearby modern seismometers, providing an opportunity to study its source properties and aftershock productivity. Using the waveforms of the Mw 4.1 mainshock and the only cataloged Mw 3.0 aftershock as templates, we apply a matched‐filter technique to search for additional events between 8 and 22 February 2014. The resulting six new detections are further employed as new templates to scan for more events. Repeating the waveform‐matching method with new templates yields 13 additional events, for a total of 19 previously unidentified events with magnitude 0.06 and larger. The low number of events suggests that this sequence is deficient in aftershock production, as compared with expected aftershock productivities for other mainshocks of similar magnitudes. Hypocentral depths of the Mw 4.1 mainshock and Mw 3.0 aftershock are estimated by examining the differential time between a depth phase called sPL and P‐wave arrivals, as well as by modeling the depth phase of body waves at shorter periods. The best‐fitting depths for both events are around 3–4 km. The obtained stress drops for the Mw 4.1 mainshock and Mw 3.0 aftershock are 3.75 and 4.44 MPa, respectively. The corresponding updated moment magnitude for the aftershock is 2.91.
Acute exacerbations of asthma occurring frequently time to check your techniques
Authors: Bonapelli Vijaysagar Reddy , J. Sujay D. , J. Prakruthi , S. Sathiqali A. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Asthmatics form a predominant section of patients in OPD. If poorly controlled the frequency of attacks requiring an emergency department visit adds to the burden. It was noticed that the patients who were on inhalational therapy had poor control despite the absence of other factors which could lead to exacerbations. Hence author evaluated the inhalational techniques.Methods: A prospective study undertaken in the department of medicine in tertiary care hospital in Dakshina Kannada District, Karnataka enlisting 25 patients admitted with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma. The patients were assessed for their symptoms, signs and recurrent attacks along with their cough severity index and inhaler scores and the observations were tabulated.Results: Of the twenty-five, 15 were on inhalation therapy with various modes of deliveries. There were 15 males and 10 females from ages 20 to 50years. The number of attacks of asthma was higher in those not on inhalation therapies than those using inhalation therapies. Also, the level/severity of cough, measured as Cough Severity Index, was assessed among the two groups. Those on inhalation therapy had a lower grade of cough than those not on therapy . Mean AEC was 94 among those on inhalation therapy and 209 among those not on therapy. Inhalational score was calculated for each patient. There is a strong negative correlation of -0.709 between inhalation score and recurrent attacks, which is statistically significant (p=0.003). Lower inhalation scores were associated with recurrent attacks.Conclusions: Recurrent exacerbations in an asthmatic patient on inhalation therapy are due to improper inhalational technique. It was suggested that it is wise to spend time with the patients in authors OPD set up and teach them the correct techniques of using inhalational therapy hence reducing frequency of attacks and cost of health care in such patients.
Muzyka w kulturze chińskiej
Authors: Wolańska Diana 
Published: November 2019

Artykuł jest przeglądem historii muzyki chińskiej od czasów starożytnych do dziś. Autorka podkreśla, że muzyka chińska zachowuje wciąż swój indywidualny charakter, pomimo że zaznaczył się w niej wpływ Zachodu. W przypadku Chin mamy do czynienia z bardzo odmienną od europejskiej kulturą muzyczną, zwłaszcza w starożytnym okresie jej rozwoju.
W Chinach od najdawniejszych czasów muzyka odgrywała wielką rolę, była ściśle powiązana z filozofią i religią. Wiara w społeczne i wychowawcze oddziaływanie muzyki przyczyniła się do otoczenia jej wręcz kultem. Typowe ograniczenia, kultywowanie tylko pewnych gatunków, sposobów opracowania, instrumentów oraz jej rygorystyczny konserwatyzm i archaizm uczynił tą muzykę wyjątkową i jedyną w swoim rodzaju. Dla starożytnej kultury chińskiej muzyka stała się mądrością serca, która była i nadal jest nieodłączną częścią codziennego życia każdego Chińczyka.
AN OVERVIEW OF WAQF ASSETS IN YEMEN: IMPORTANCE AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Yousef Qaid Saad Abdo , Omar Mohammed Mustafa , Al-Jubari Ibrahim 
Published: November 2019

Purpose of Study: Waqf has played a significant role throughout Islamic history. This has been possible through proper management, investment and financing of various Waqf assets to enhance the socioeconomic development of Muslim societies. In particular, it has contributed significantly to the encouragement of religious practices, improvement of education, health and helping the poor and the needy, creating employment and supporting other socio-economic activities.
Methodology: The current study attempted to uncover these challenges facing by Waqf institution in Yemen. Particularly, issues such as management, investment and finance will be emphasized.
Results: However, nowadays most of Waqf assets have become idle and no longer serves the needs of the Ummah due to problems, such as poor governance structure and human resource. Few studies have tried to address challenges facing Waqf but unfortunately these studies have been conducted in countries where the governance structure is robust and the quality of human resource is very good. Such models may not be suitable in contexts such as Yemen where Waqf assets are mostly in the form of physical assets such as lands and buildings and the quality of human resource and governance structure are poor.
SCARY DARK SIDE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: A PERILOUS CONTRIVANCE TO MANKIND
Authors: Kumar Gautam , Singh Gulbir , Bhatanagar Vivek , Jyoti Kumari 
Published: November 2019

Purpose of Study: The purpose of the study is to investigate the dark side of artificial intelligence followed by the question of whether AI is programmed to do something destructive or AI is programmed to do something beneficial?
Methodology: A study of different biased Super AI is carried out to find the dark side of AI. In this paper SRL (system review of literature approach methodology is used and the data is collected from the different projects of MIT’s media lab named “Norman AI”, “Shelley” and AI-generated algorithm COMPAS.
Main Finding: The study carried out the result if AI is trained in a biased way it will create havoc to mankind.
Implications/Applications: The article can help in developing super-AIs which can benefit the society in a controlled way without having any negative aspects.
Novelty/originality of the study: Our findings ensure that biased AI has a negative impact on society.
Apron e o solo movediço do real
Authors: Rampin Priscila Arantes 
Published: November 2019

Apron, que significa pátio de aeronaves, é uma instalação na qual elementos visuais que contêm índices da linguagem técnica de uma determinada categoria de especialistas (a da aviação civil) são articulados com o ponto de vista do indivíduo comum. Parte-se da noção de que certos trechos, aparentemente estáveis da realidade, podem insurgir imprevisivelmente como uma incógnita. A reflexão teórica sobre esse processo da percepção encontrou amparo na ideia do merveilleux postulada pelos integrantes do movimento surrealista. A apresentação em formato de instalação filiou-se às práticas da montagem fotográfica desse grupo.
Nuclear-Magnetic-Resonance Monitoring of Mass Exchange in a Low-Permeability Matrix/Fracture Model During CO2 Cyclic Injection: A Mechanistic Study
Authors: Wei Bing , Gao Ke , Song Tao , Zhang Xiang , Pu Wanfen , Xu Xingguang , Wood Colin 
Published: November 2019

SummaryRecent reports have demonstrated that carbon dioxide (CO2) injection can further raise the oil recovery of fractured tight reservoirs after natural depletion, with major projects in progress worldwide. There is, however, a lack of understanding of the mass-exchange process between the matrix and fracture at pore scale. In this study, a matrix (0.8 md)/fracture model was designed to experimentally simulate a CO2-cyclic-injection process at 80°C and 35 MPa (Lucaogou tight formation). The oil (dead-oil) concentration in the matrix and fracture was continuously monitored online using a low-field nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) technique aiming to quantify the oil recovery in situ and clarify the mass-exchange behaviors. The results showed that CO2 cyclic injection was promising in improving the oil recovery of fractured tight reservoirs. Nevertheless, the oil-recovery rates rapidly declined with the cycle of CO2 injection and the incremental oil was primarily produced by large pores with 100 ms &gt; T2 &gt; 3.0 ms. The NMR T2 profiles of the model evidenced the drainage of the matrix oil by CO2 toward the fracture. Because of the light-hydrocarbon extraction, the produced oils became lighter than the original oil. We noted that the main driving forces of the incremental oil recovery were CO2 displacement, CO2/oil interactions (mainly extraction and solubility), and pressure gradient (depressurization). In the first cycle, the CO2/oil interactions driven by CO2 diffusion during soaking enhanced the mass exchange between the matrix and the fracture. However, from the second cycle, CO2/oil interactions and CO2 displacement became insignificant. The results of this study supplement earlier findings and can provide insights into the CO2-enhanced-oil- recovery (EOR) mechanisms in fractured tight reservoirs.NOTE: Supporting information available.
Prolonged haemodialysis increases the risk of the impairment of global longitudinal strain in patient after kidney transplantation and a preserved ejection fraction of left ventricle
Authors: Obremska Marta , Goździk Anna , Szymczak Maciej , Zysko Dorota , Boratyńska Maria , Letachowicz Krzysztof , Madziarski Marcin , Krajewska Magdalena 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background. Patients with chronic kidney disease, including these after kidney transplantation (KTx), have higher cardiovascular mortality. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) detects subtle changes in the left ventricle (LV) and is more sensitive predictor of cardiovascular mortality than the LV ejection fraction (LVEF).The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of impaired GLS among kidney transplant recipients with preserved LVEF. We also aimed to identify possible clinical factors responsible for GLS impairment. Methods. A total of 79 patients following KTx with preserved LVEF and no history of cardiac disease were evaluated. We assessed echocardiogram parameters with the calculation of GLS, laboratory parameters, presence of diabetes, hypertension, duration of haemodialysis (HD) and time after KTx. An impaired GLS value was set on ≥-18%. The multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis were used to identify the factors related to impaired GLS. Results. Among 79 (42 females, mean age 60.3) kidney transplant recipients with preserved LVEF, 39% had impaired GLS. ROC analysis revealed that the cut-off point for the prediction GLS ≥-18 % by HD duration is more than 28 months (AUC 0.67 (95%CI 0.545-0.79; P=0.007). In multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis for variables related to impaired GLS duration of HD more than 28month is associated with GLS ≥-18( OR 4.06; 95CI (1.45-11.34) P=0.008). Conclusions. In our study group, a total of 39% of KTx patients with preserved LVEF had impaired GLS. The risk factor of GLS impairment was a prolonged duration of HD (>28months) prior to the transplantation procedure.
Molecular-based survey of Rickettsia spp. and Coxiella burnetii in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from Fars province, southern Iran, during 2017-18
Authors: Hoseini Zahra , Alipour Hamzeh , Azizi Kourosh , Soltani Aboozar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Mosquito-borne diseases are main problems of public health worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Mosquitoes can transmit human filariasis, arboviruses, malaria, and dirofilariasis. It has been recently found that Anopheles gambiae is a vector of Rickettsia felis. Both cells of Anopheles gambiae and Aedes albopictus help developing of R. felis. These studies indicated that mosquitoes could be vector of Rickettsia spp., especially R. Felis. Since there was no study on roles of the Iranian mosquitoes in transmission of Rickettsia spp. and Coxiella burnetii, the present study for the first time investigated roles of mosquitoes in the transmission of these pathogens using the PCR technique in Iran.Methods The present study was conducted in Fars province, and mosquitoes were manually caught (hand-catch, total catch etc.) in Qir and Karzin Counties from four different geographical regions during the activity seasons of mosquitoes in 2017-18. The primers design were done to investigate the probability of mosquito’s contamination with Rickettsia spp. and Coxiella burnetii from gltA genes (Rickettsia sp. citrate synthase kinase) for Rickettsia spp. and IS111 A Transposase gene for Coxiella burnetii. The conventional PCR was used after the extraction of DNA from mosquitoes to study the contamination.Results A total of 1103 adult mosquitoes were collected and identified from four regions of the County. Among them, 3 genera and 11 species were identified including Anopheles (25.74%) (An. dthali, An. stephensi, An. superpictus), Culex (51.84%) (Cx pipiens, Cx sinaiticus, Cx bitaeniorhynchus, Cx theilers, Cx laticinctus, Cx tritaeniorhynchus, and Cx torrentium) and Culiseta (22.39%) (Cu. longiareolata) genera. All tested mosquitoes were negative in terms of contamination to Rickettsia spp. and Coxiella burnetii.Conclusions Based on the results, mosquitoes in this part of the country are not considered as vectors of Rickettsia spp. and Coxiella burnetii currently. In general, limited studies have been conducted on Rickettsial diseases in Iran and since Rickettsia spp. has been reported from different vectors in Iran and other neighboring countries, there is a need for further studies on this field in tropical areas of Iran especially in mosquitoes as a possible vector with high abundance and mobility.
Comparing the Treatment Outcomes of Tuberculosis Patients in Private Clinic with Governmental Health Centre in Jimma City, Ethiopia.
Authors: Abera Eyob Girma 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background : Tuberculosis is a common and often deadly infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacterium, usually mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans. Tuberculosis has long been major cause of morbidity and mortality particularly where the diagnostic and control program is not far extended. Objective : - To compare the treatment outcomes and to describe the social demographic factors associated with Tuberculosis patient in private clinic with governmental health centre in Jimma city, Ethiopia from September 12, 2007 to September 10, 2017. Methods and Materials : - A ten years retrospective systemic record review was conducted to compare the treatment outcomes and to describe the social demographic factors associated with Tuberculosis patient in private clinic with governmental health centre in Jimma city, Ethiopia from September 12, 2007 to September 10, 2017. Data was collected by using questionnaire formats. Since all serial numbers of the patients were used no sampling technique was needed. Finally data was analyzed by SPSS/EPI INFO. Result : The present study revealed that within ten years duration private clinic gives anti-TB treatment coverage for 582 patients whereas governmental clinic gives for 510 patients. The treatment success rate of the private clinic is 98.1% which is 1.03 fold than the governmental health center (95.3%). Governmental health center defaulting rate was triple fold of the private clinic 4.1% and 1.2% receptively, while the treatment failure of private clinic was 0.2%, but no treatment failure in governmental health center. Conclusion and Recommendation -Age, educational level and the types of TB diagnosis and treatment outcome of the patients were statistically associated in both sectors. Better counseling and awareness about the disease should have to be given for every anti-TB treatment receiving patients despite of their educational level and occupational status in both sectors. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Treatment outcome, Comparing, Governmental health center, Private clinic
Association of Serum Ferritin Concentration and Lung Function in the Tobacco-naïve Population: Retrospective population-based study of KNHANES V
Authors: Kim Taeyun , Choi Hyunji , Kang Jihun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Ferritin regulates iron homeostasis, and is involved in the inflammation in the lung, especially in smokers; however, its effects on pulmonary function in non-smokers remain unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between serum ferritin and lung function in a tobacco-naïve population.
Methods: In this study, 25,534 individuals were enrolled, among who 5,338 tobacco-naïve individuals were identified; of those, 342 men and 2,879 women (742 pre- and 2,137 post-menopausal) with data of serum ferritin, lung function, and covariates were included. To evaluate the association of ferritin and lung function, multivariable-adjusted linear regression analyses was used including the factors of predicted value of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 %) and forced vital capacity (FVC%) . Logistic regression analyses were used to measure the relationship between ferritin and restrictive and obstructive lung disease.
Results: In pre-menopausal women, FEV 1 %/FVC was weakly but positively associated with serum ferritin, and after adjusting for covariates, the association was without statistical significance. No significant association between ferritin and obstructive lung disease was observed. In post-menopausal women, predicted FVC% was negatively associated with serum ferritin, and ferritin was dose-dependently related with risk for restrictive lung disease. The odds ratio for restrictive lung disease in post-menopausal women was 2.285 at Q3 and 1.560 at Q2 relative to that at Q1.
Conclusions: High serum ferritin level was significantly associated with lower FVC% and increased risk of restrictive lung disease in tobacco-naïve post-menopausal women. Further study is needed to determine the mechanism underlying the current findings.
Study design of a prospective, open-label study comparing increased infusion parameters of a 20% subcutaneous immunoglobulin (IgPro20) in patients with primary immunodeficiency
Authors: Rojavin Mikhail , Hofmann Jutta , Praus Michaela 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Immunoglobulin G (IgG) replacement therapy can be administered subcutaneously (SCIG) using an infusion pump or by manual push. Both methods have shown similar serum IgG trough levels for the same total weekly/monthly dose as well as safety and tolerability profiles. The currently approved infusion parameters for the SCIG Hizentra® (IgPro20, CSL Behring, King of Prussia, PA, USA) in primary immunodeficiency (PID) in the United States are volumes of ≤25 mL and flow rates of ≤25 mL/h per injection site. Previously, clinical studies and case reports had demonstrated use of higher infusion parameters than those approved, but safety and tolerability of these have not been systematically evaluated. In the absence of regulatory guidance, we have developed a novel prospective clinical study applying forced upward titration design to evaluate the safety and tolerability of high infusion parameters of IgPro20 in PID patients using pump-assisted and manual push techniques (NCT03033745). Results: A total of 45 patients were planned for inclusion. Primary endpoints were defined as the proportion of patients successfully infusing certain infusion parameters (responder rate). The study included three cohorts (n=15 planned per group): 1) Pump-assisted Volume Cohort with weekly infusions at volumes of 25, 40 and 50 mL per injection site; 2) Pump-assisted Flow Rate Cohort with weekly infusions at flow rates of 25, 50, 75 and 100 mL/h per injection site, and 3) Manual Push Flow Rate Cohort with 2 to 7 infusions at flow rates 30, 60 and 120 mL/h per injection site. Each infusion parameter level was tested for 4 weeks, after which those who successfully infused at the current level (responders) were switched to the next level. Responder rate, safety and tolerability were assessed. Study results will be available in early 2020. Conclusions: This study applied a novel and rigorous prospective evaluation of individual safety and tolerability levels of pump-assisted and manual push SCIG at higher infusion parameters than currently approved in the United States and demonstrated their safety and tolerability.
Analysis of transcriptomic changes in bovine endometrial stromal cells treated with lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Ding Xuefen , Lv Haimiao , Deng Lixin , Hu Wenju , Peng Zhan , Yan Chenbo , Yang Dexin , Tong Chao , wang Xinzhuang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Endometritis adversely affects the ability of cattle to reproduce, and significantly reduces milk production. Consequently, it has great influence on the economic value of dairy cows. The endometrium is mainly composed of epithelial and stromal cells and they produce the first immune response to invading pathogens. Epithelial cells are the first cellular barrier through which bacteria enter the uterine endometrium. However, most of the epithelial cells are disrupted and stromal cells are exposed to an inflammatory environment when endometritis occurs, especially postpartum. Inflammation in endometrial stromal cells is thus activated, immune-related cytokines and signaling pathways are activated. This indicates that endometritis is becoming more and more serious. However, inflammatory response in bovine endometrial stromal cells is yet to be studied in detail. Understanding the genome-wide characterization of the bovine endometritis will be beneficial for prevention and treatment of endometritis. In this study, whole-transcriptomic gene changes in bovine stromal cells treated with LPS were compared with those treated with PBS (control group) and were analyzed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq).
Results: Compared with the control group, a total of 366 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in LPS-induced group (234 upregulated and 132 downregulated genes), with an adjusted P -value＜0.05 by DESeq. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed DEGs were most enriched in lymphocyte activation, interleukin-1 receptor binding, regulation of cell activation, and lymphocyte-activated interleukin-12 production. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed DEGs were most enriched in TNF signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like (NOD-like) receptor signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, and chemokine signaling pathway.
Conclusion: Our results proved and expanded findings of previous studies on bovine endometritis. These results will be useful to propose new therapeutic targets and eliminate or reduce inflammation by comprehending molecular mechanisms and authenticating unique genes related to endometritis.