bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What predicts the unsuccess of bariatric surgery? An observational retrospective study
Authors: D’Eusebio C. , Boschetti S. , Rahimi F. , Fanni G. , De Francesco A. , Toppino M. , Morino M. , Ghigo E. , Bo S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Bariatric surgery (BS) has been recognized as an effective treatment for most patients with morbid obesity, but a variable range of patients failed to achieve a successful weight-loss. Controversial data are available about predictors of unsuccess. We aimed to retrospectively assess whether clinical baseline characteristics of patients submitted to sleeve gastrectomy (SL) or gastric bypass (GBP) were associated with unsuccessful weight-loss after 12 and 24-month follow-up.

Methods
Three hundred patients who underwent BS from the 1st January 2016, with at least 24-months follow-up, were enrolled. Patients were divided according to their percentage of excess weight-loss (%EWL) either < 50% or ≥ 50% after 12 and 24-month follow-up.

Results
None of the patients was lost at follow-up; 56 (18.7%) patients showed a %EWL < 50% at 24 months. Age, neck circumference, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) were significantly higher, while total cholesterol and %EWL 6-months lower in those with %EWL < 50% at 12-months. Age, neck circumference, male and OSA rates were increased, while %EWL at 6-months lower in patients with %EWL < 50% at 24-months. In a multiple regression model, age (OR = 1.076; 95% CI 1.029–1.125; p = 0.001; OR = 1.066; 1.027–1.107; p < 0.001) and %EWL at 6-months (OR = 0.876; 0.840–0.913; p < 0.001; OR = 0.950; 0.928–0.972; p < 0.001) were associated with %EWL < 50% both at 12- and 24-months, respectively, and neck circumference (OR = 1.142; 1.011–1.289; p = 0.032) with %EWL < 50% at 24-months.

Conclusion
Older age, larger neck circumference, and %EWL at 6-months were significantly associated with BS unsuccess, showing almost 90% of those patients an unsuccessful weight-loss early after surgery. Further larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm these results.
Identifying targets for improvement using a nationally standardized survey: Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis in orthopedic surgery
Authors: Ierano Courtney E. , Thursky Karin , Marshall Caroline , Koning Sonia , James Rodney , Johnson Sandra , Imam Nabeel , Worth Leon J. , Peel Trisha 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground:Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) is commonly administered in orthopedic procedures. Research regarding SAP appropriateness for specific orthopedic procedures is limited and is required to facilitate targeted orthopedic prescriber behavior change.Objectives:To describe SAP prescribing and appropriateness for orthopedic procedures in Australian hospitals.Design, setting, and participants:Multicenter, national, quality improvement study with retrospective analysis of data collected from Australian hospitals via Surgical National Antimicrobial Prescribing Survey (Surgical NAPS) audits from January 1, 2016, to April 15, 2019, were analyzed.Methods:Logistic regression identified hospital, patient and surgical factors associated with appropriateness. Adjusted appropriateness was calculated from the multivariable model. Additional subanalyses were conducted on smaller subsets to calculate the adjusted appropriateness for specific orthopedic procedures.Results:In total, 140 facilities contributed to orthopedic audits in the Surgical NAPS, including 4,032 orthopedic surgical episodes and 6,709 prescribed doses. Overall appropriateness was low, 58.0% (n = 3,894). This differed for prescribed procedural (n = 3,978, 64.7%) and postprocedural doses (n = 2,731, 48.3%). The most common reasons for inappropriateness, when prophylaxis was required, was timing for procedural doses (50.9%) and duration for postprocedural prescriptions (49.8%). The adjusted appropriateness of each orthopedic procedure group was low for procedural SAP (knee surgery, 54.1% to total knee joint replacement, 74.1%). The adjusted appropriateness for postprocedural prescription was also low (from hand surgery, 40.7%, to closed reduction fractures, 68.7%).Conclusions:Orthopedic surgical specialties demonstrated differences across procedural and postprocedural appropriateness. The metric of appropriateness identifies targets for quality improvement and is meaningful for clinicians. Targeted quality improvement projects for orthopedic specialties need to be developed to support optimization of antimicrobial use.
PARSING AMBIGUOUS RELATIVE CLAUSES IN L2 ENGLISH
Authors: Goad Heather , Guzzo Natália Brambatti , White Lydia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe investigate effects of prosodic cues on interpretation of ambiguous sentences containing relative clauses (RCs) in English by Spanish-speaking learners. English and Spanish differ in default preference for RC attachment: English has a weak low attachment (LA) preference (RC modifies NP2); Spanish has a stronger high attachment (HA) preference (RC modifies NP1). We conducted an interpretation task with auditorily presented stimuli to examine whether prosodic cues determine attachment. Target items were manipulated for position of break and length of RC, NP1, and NP2. For both groups, break and length are significant. For the learners, proficiency interacts with break suggesting L1 transfer: lower proficiency learners choose HA more when break points to LA; higher proficiency learners choose HA more when break points to HA. Lower proficiency learners are more likely to choose LA overall, suggesting a recency effect. Our results confirm the importance of using aural stimuli when testing interpretation of ambiguous sentences.
Push and Pull Factors Surrounding Older Adults’ Relocation to Supportive Housing: A Scoping Review
Authors: Franco Bryan B. , Randle Jason , Crutchlow Lauren , Heng Janet , Afzal Arsalan , Heckman George A. , Boscart Veronique 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTSupportive housing, including retirement homes and assisted living, is increasingly touted as a suitable living option for Canadian older adults. This scoping review describes the nature and content of studies that explore underlying factors that motivate older adults to relocate to supportive housing. We conducted a search of PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science, and PsycINFO, which identified 34 articles for review. Articles reviewed employed a variety of methods and guiding theoretical frameworks, of which the push and pull framework appeared to be most common. This review suggests that health and functional deficits are important reasons for relocation to supportive housing for older adults. Further longitudinal data are required to more comprehensively describe medical and social determinants for relocation and its consequences, in order to better describe this growing population and better align policies with the needs of older adults contemplating or undergoing relocation.
Frequency of five unusual presentations in patients with COVID-19: results of the UMC-19-S1
Authors: Miró Òscar , Llorens Pere , Jiménez Sònia , Piñera Pascual , Burillo-Putze Guillermo , Martín Alfonso , Martín-Sánchez Francisco Javier , González del Castillo Juan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDespite SARS-CoV-19 infection has a stereotypical clinical picture, isolated cases with unusual manifestations have been reported, some of them being well-known to be triggered by viral infections. However, the real frequency in COVID-19 is unknown. Analysing data of 63 822 COVID patients attending 50 Spanish emergency department (ED) during the COVID outbreak, before hospitalisation, we report frequencies of (myo)pericarditis (0.71‰), meningoencephalitis (0.25‰), Guillain–Barré syndrome (0.13‰), acute pancreatitis (0.71‰) and spontaneous pneumothorax (0.57‰). Compared with general ED population, COVID patients developed more frequently Guillain–Barré syndrome (odds ratio (OR) 4.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.09–9.90), spontaneous pneumothorax (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.40–2.79) and (myo)pericarditis (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.07–1.97), but less frequently pancreatitis (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.33–0.60).
When endemic met epidemic: cholera, chronic disease and public health in Kazan, 1788–1842
Authors: Johnson Eric 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article situates the 1830 cholera epidemic in the provincial Russian city of Kazan within the context of broader local discourse on endemic disease and public health over the first half of the nineteenth century. In the decades before cholera, the city gained important local institutions, and began to perceive itself as a potential site of public health intervention. During the outbreak, Kazan's local institutions supported a comparatively robust response to the disaster. And, afterward, the resulting trauma helped spur those institutions to implement long-discussed public health improvements. Thus, the article emphasizes the interplay between cholera as an emotional catalyst, and the broader institutional and conceptual frameworks necessary to enact lasting change.
Survey of palliative care providers’ needs, perceived roles, and ethical concerns about addressing cancer family history at the end of life
Authors: Cléophat Jude E. , Pelletier Sylvie , Déry Alberte , Joly Yann , Gagnon Pierre , Marin Ana , Chiquette Jocelyne , Gagnon Bruno , Roy Louis , Bitzas Vasiliki , Nabi Hermann , Dorval Michel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivePalliative care providers may face questions from patients and relatives regarding the heritability of cancers. Implications of such discussions for providers have been little explored. This study aimed to gather palliative care providers’ views on their main needs, roles, and ethical concerns regarding cancer family history discussions.MethodThe palliative care providers who participated in the 2015 and 2017 annual meetings of the Quebec Palliative Care Association were approached to complete a web-based questionnaire. Study participants answered the questionnaire between November 2016 and July 2017. They were asked to identify the most facilitating factor for cancer family history discussions, as well as their most important knowledge needs, potential role, and ethical concerns. Descriptive analyses were conducted.ResultsNinety-four palliative care providers answered the questionnaire. Access to specialized resources to obtain information and protocols or guidelines were considered the most facilitating factors for cancer family history discussions by 32% and 20% of providers, respectively. Knowledge of hereditary cancers was the most relevant educational need for 53%. Thirty-eight per cent considered essential to be informed about their rights and duties regarding cancer family history discussions. Being attentive to patients’ concerns and referring families to appropriate resources were identified as the most relevant roles for palliative care providers by 47% and 34% of respondents, respectively. Fifty-eight per cent agreed that cancer family history discussions should be initiated only if beneficial to family members.Significance of resultsEducation on hereditary cancers made consensus among palliative care providers as the most important knowledge need regarding discussing cancer family history at the end of life. Nonetheless, other less commonly expressed needs, including access to genetics specialists, protocols, or guidelines, and awareness of provider rights and duties concerning such discussions, deserve attention. Answering providers’ needs might help optimize cancer predisposition management in palliative care.
Whither Chinese IR? The Sinocentric subject and the paradox of Tianxia-ism
Authors: Chu Sinan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis essay critically assesses the Tianxia Theories, a line of indigenous International Relations (IR) theorizing in China organized around the concept of Tianxia (‘all-under-heaven’). My goal is to tackle a seemingly prevalent issue among non-Western IR theories, that is, the indigenous scholars' subservience to state cues and often uncritical attitude toward their own ethnocentrism. To that end, I strategically target a recent contribution to this scholarship that explicitly seeks to articulate a non-ethnocentric theory: Xu Jilin's New Tianxia-ism (xin tianxia zhuyi). I first examine the main thesis of New Tianxia-ism to reveal its internal tensions. Then I examine what enables the formulation of New Tianxia-ism from a discursive perspective. I argue that a particular subject position, to which I refer as the ‘Sinocentric Subject’, plays an instrumental role in enabling contemporary Chinese intellectuals to think along the logics of New Tianxia-ism. The result, however, undermines the agenda to articulate an alternative theory that rectifies the ethnocentrism in IR. In conclusion, I suggest that Chinese indigenous scholarship ought to engage more critically the ideological inclination and the politics of knowledge within its own epistemic community.
A NOTE ON CHOICE PRINCIPLES IN SECOND-ORDER LOGIC
Authors: SISKIND BENJAMIN , MANCOSU PAOLO , SHAPIRO STEWART 
Published: August 2020

AbstractZermelo’s Theorem that the axiom of choice is equivalent to the principle that every set can be well-ordered goes through in third-order logic, but in second-order logic we run into expressivity issues. In this note, we show that in a natural extension of second-order logic weaker than third-order logic, choice still implies the well-ordering principle. Moreover, this extended second-order logic with choice is conservative over ordinary second-order logic with the well-ordering principle. We also discuss a variant choice principle, due to Hilbert and Ackermann, which neither implies nor is implied by the well-ordering principle.
Human Genetics Society of Australasia Position Statement: Online DNA Testing
Authors: Savard Jacqueline , Terrill Bronwyn , Dunlop Kate , Samanek Amanda , Metcalfe Sylvia A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIncreasingly, consumers have been able to seek DNA testing online to explore their personal genetic information. This increased access to a range of genomic tests has raised concerns among health professionals tasked with providing guidance and support to patients requiring genetic/genomic testing. Individuals will seek genomic testing for a range of purposes; equally, the medical marketplace offers a range of different test types. The Human Genetics Society of Australasia (HGSA) published their first statement on Direct to Consumer Genetic Testing (2012 PS02). This is a revised statement, which considers developments in the field of online DNA testing, including rapid technological changes, diversity of applications and decreasing costs of testing. It draws from the first empirical nationwide study (Genioz – Genomics: National Insights of Australians) and insights from consumers with experience of this technology. The rapid adoption of these tests and the broad range of potential consequences have informed perspectives within this statement. It is the position of the HGSA that both individuals/consumers and health care professionals/providers should be supported to make informed choices about online DNA testing. This means adequate and ongoing education and resources should be available for individuals/consumers and health care professionals/providers before, during and after testing. Health care professionals/providers should be appropriately trained, have relevant experience and should be able to demonstrate (or provide evidence of) a current certification in their field of practice. This statement was ratified at the 2018 HGSA Council Meeting and was recently reviewed in 2019 for consistency with other HGSA position statements.
Generation of Non‐Substorm Pi2s at Low and Middle Latitudes
Authors: Lingala Manjula , Bulusu Jayashree , Arora Kusumita , Khomutov Sergey Y. , Mandrikova Oksana V. , Solovev Igor S. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study analyzes the characteristics of non‐substorm Pi2 (impulsive pulsations [3–25 mHz]) from low and middle latitudes and investigates the trends of these oscillations. Pi2 events are identified from geomagnetic H‐component data from low and middle latitude observatories Hyderabad (HYB, L = 1.03) and Paratunka (PET, L = 2.1) respectively, during solar maximum period (2015–2016) for quietest geomagnetic conditions, with stringent criteria of interplanetary parameters and activity indices. Data from five high‐latitude stations from THEMIS ground magnetometer chain, covering all local time sectors are additionally analyzed to verify the absence of substorms, pseudo substorms, etc. which may also generate Pi2 signatures. Variation of non‐substorm Pi2 periods with geomagnetic activity index Kp and solar wind speed (Vsw) show inverse relations with Pi2 period at HYB. In addition, non‐substorm Pi2s are distributed equally in all local time sectors with ratio of second harmonic to fundamental Pi2 ranging within 1.3–2.2. These trends of non‐substorm Pi2s indicate plasmaspheric cavity resonance (PCR) as the dominant source at low latitude, confirmed using a theoretical model. In contrast, non‐substorm Pi2 periods do not show a steady trend with Kp and Vsw at midlatitude station PET. Local time variations show an increased period in the premidnight sector at PET. A close agreement between theoretical estimates and observed periods of non‐substorm Pi2‐s at PET, leads to the inference of Alfvenic nature of these modes, attributable to a resonant oscillation.
Statistical Study of the Relationship Between Ion Upflow and Field‐Aligned Current in the Topside Ionosphere for Both Hemispheres During Geomagnetic Disturbed and Quiet Time
Authors: Ma Yu‐Zhang , Zhang Qing‐He , Jayachandran P. T. , Oksavik Kjellmar , Lyons L. R. , Xing Zan‐Yang , Zhou Shan‐Yu , Hairston Marc , Wang Yong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA statistical study of ion upflow and field‐aligned currents (FACs) has been performed in the topside ionosphere of both hemispheres for magnetic quiet and disturbed times by using DMSP satellite observations from 2010–2013. Distributions in MLT/MLat reveal that ion upflow occurrence shows a dawn‐dusk asymmetry distribution that matches well with the Region 1 FACs. In addition, there are highest occurrence regions near noon and within the midnight auroral disturbance area, corresponding to dayside cusp and nightside auroral disturbance regions, respectively. Both the ion upflow occurrence and FAC regions expand equatorward to a wider area during disturbed times.
Heterogeneity Affects Intertidal Flow Topology in Coastal Beach Aquifers
Authors: Geng Xiaolong , Michael Holly A. , Boufadel Michel C. , Molz Fred J. , Gerges Firas , Lee Kenneth 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntertidal aquifers are hotspots of biogeochemical cycling where nutrients and contaminants are processed prior to discharge to the ocean. The nature of the dynamic subsurface mixing zone is a critical control on mitigating reactions. Simulation of density‐dependent, variably saturated flow and salt transport incorporating realistic representations of aquifer heterogeneity was conducted within a Monte Carlo framework to investigate influence of nonuniform permeability on intertidal groundwater flow and salt transport dynamics. Results show that heterogeneity coupled with tides creates transient preferential flow paths within the intertidal zone, evolving multiple circulation cells and fingering‐type salinity distributions. Due to heterogeneity, strain‐dominated (intense mixing) and vorticity‐dominated (low mixing) flow regions coexist at small spatial scales, and their spatial extent reaches peaks at high tide and low tide. Such topological characteristics reveal complex tempo‐spatial mixing patterns for intertidal flow with localized areas of high and low mixing intensities, which have implications for intertidal biogeochemical processing.
A Broad Continuum of Aeolian Impact Ripple Morphologies on Mars is Enabled by Low Wind Dynamic Pressures
Authors: Sullivan R. , Kok J. F. , Katra I. , Yizhaq H. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAeolian ripples are common in sandy environments on Earth and Mars. On Earth, ripples in sorted dune sands typically are <1 cm high and are erased in high winds. On Mars in similar sands, ripple wavelengths commonly exceed 2 m, with much smaller ripples superimposed. Large Martian ripple sizes and juxtaposition of multiple wavelengths have raised questions about origins and the applicability of terrestrial aeolian physics to different planetary environments. Here, two hypotheses are evaluated for large Martian ripples: (1) fluid/wind drag, analogous to ripples formed under water on Earth, as proposed previously for Martian large ripples; and (2) saltation impact splash, the mechanism creating aeolian ripples of much smaller size on Earth. This study evaluates these hypotheses with numerical experiments and Mars rover observations, and concludes that large Martian ripples develop through the saltation impact splash mechanism. The low‐density Martian atmosphere enables aeolian impact ripples to grow much higher into the boundary layer before reaching maximum heights constrained by wind dynamic pressure effects at crests. In this concept, boundary layer conditions influence mature ripple heights more directly than wavelengths. On Mars, low wind dynamic pressures, combined with the impact splash mechanism, also help to explain other distinctively Martian aeolian bedforms, including large longitudinal ripples observed by rovers and orbiters, and transverse aeolian ridges (TARs) distributed widely across the Martian surface. Compared with Earth, low wind dynamic pressures on Mars permit a wider range of ripple sizes, relative ages, morphologies, and orientations in close proximity, as displayed in rover observations.