bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Farmer`s Perception about Resurgence of Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata Lugens (Stål) in Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin A B M A , Islam K S , Jahan M , Ara A , Afrin S 
Published: June 2020

Studies were conducted on resurgence of brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) and its possible management through a survey in six different regions (viz Tanore, Rajshahi; Niamatpur, Naogaon; Nachole, Chapai Nawabganj; Sadar, Dinajpur; Tarash, Sirajganj and Trishal, Mymensingh). Farmer’s perception of BPH resurgence and its management was more or less similar in different regions with some exception. About 60% farmers were able to identify BPH and 40% farmer could identify the pest problem at the later stage of the infestation when burning symptom was visible in patches. All the respondent farmers (100%) relied on use of insecticide where the selection of insecticide as well as its application was not appropriate.
Bangladesh Rice j. 2019, 23(1): 21-33
Development of High Yielding Deep Water Rice Variety BRRI dhan91 for Semi Deep Flooded Ecosystem of Bangladesh
Authors: Shalahuddin A K M , Masuduzzaman A S M , Ahmed M M Emam , Aditya T L , Kabir M S 
Published: June 2020

Deep water rice ecosystem represents the flood-prone rice ecosystem where rice plant requires elongation ability to reach the surface with a certain amount of plant height to withstand in stagnant flood water condition. Low yield potentiality of locally adapted deep water cultivars limits the total rice production in the country. In present study, efforts were made to evaluate the suitability and adaptability of newly developed high yielding deep water breeding line BR10230-15-27-7B and control variety Fulkori under semi deep water ecosystem of farmer’s field condition in three consecutive years. At six locations, water depth varied from 60 to 140 cm under semi deep water ecosystem. In 2016 and 2017, mean yield of the line ranged between 2.9 to 3.1 t ha-1 while 1.7 t ha-1 for the local control variety Fulkori. However, around 1.0 t/ha yield advantage was found for the newly developed breeding line. Thus, the higher yield potentiality of the breeding line under 140 cm water depth conditions suggested its suitability under shallow flooded environments. During final evaluation in 2018, larger variation was observed in terms of grain yield ranging from 1.1 to 3.8 t ha-1 for the line while 0.4 to 1.7 t ha-1 for the control variety when evaluated under actual deep water areas. This result also supported that this line have greater potentiality under shallow flooded condition. In addition, the breeding line exhibited similar plant height with at least six days earliness compared to the control variety. Finally, National Seed Board (NSB) approved this line as variety and designated as BRRI dhan91 for broadcast Aman (B. Aman) season. In future, this new rice variety could help the local rice growers to cultivate modern high yielding rice variety in shallow flooded environments. BRRI dhan91 also showed better performance for tallness with lodging tolerance, submergence tolerance and moderate elongation ability under shallow flooded conditions.
Bangladesh Rice j. 2019, 23(1): 57-63
Awareness and practice of computer-related ergonomics among resident doctors
Authors: Hasan Abu Saleh Mohammad Mainul , Salek Abul Khair Mohammad , Ahmed Syed Mozaffar 
Published: June 2020

This article has no abstract. The first 100 words appear below:
The present study was designed to see the level of awareness and practice of computer-related ergonomics among resident doctors. A total of 227 residents participated in this study who had used a computer for at least a year. They were selected by simple random sampling. A self-reporting questionnaire was used to conduct the study. For better understanding and convenience, the responses were categorized into good, fair, and poor. Awareness level was good in only 15% (n= 34) of residents, fair in 16.7% and the majority 68.3% (n= 155) of residents had a poor level of awareness about ergonomics.
Results of electrometric assessment of quality of marginal fit of composite material to hard tissues of teeth in various clinical conditions
Authors: Iyashvili L. V. , Vinnichenko Yu. A. , Avraamova O. G. 
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the study was a clinical electrometric assessment of the quality of the marginal fit of the composite material to the hard tissues of the tooth, depending on the type and amount of adhesive used the influence of the adhesive, namely: the mechanism of its action and quantity, on the quality of restoration of the hard tissues of the tooth lost by the carious process in the composite material over time.Material and methods. In clinical conditions, 140 fillings were examined, the placement of which was carried out only in cavities of classes 1 and 2, with the area affected by the carious process of hard tooth tissues from 30 to 50 mm2. For this, composite material ESTET X and adhesive systems were used: one-component XP BOND and self-etching XENO V in different volumes (6.6 and 17.7 mg). To assess the marginal fit of the filling material to the hard tissues of the tooth, the multifunctional electro-diagnostic device EST-DENT (Geosoft, Russia) was used. The principle of operation of the device is based on measuring the strength of the current flowing through the hard tissues of the tooth under the influence of a low-voltage source of electrical power. Results. The quality of the marginal fit of composite fillings to the hard tissues of the tooth, which is the main factor determining the durability of their functioning, largely depends on the amount of adhesive used, its mechanism of action, the area and depth of the carious lesion of dentin. Over time, there is a change in the structure obtained as a result of the mechanical and chemical interaction of the adhesive system and hard tissues of the tooth (primarily the hybrid layer), in the direction of decreasing its density and breaking integrity. This in turn increases the amount of electric current passing through it.Conclusions. An analysis of the obtained clinical data shows that when restoring hard tissues of teeth lost over large areas and located close to the pulp cavity of the coronal part of the tooth, it is necessary to take into account the effect of dentinal fluid on the quality and durability of the restoration. The use in these cases of adhesive systems in an amount of not less than 17.7 mg (a drop from dispenser), careful preparation of the affected tooth tissues, rational design of the formed cavity, strict adherence to the manufacturer’s recommendations on the time of use of the adhesive. can significantly reduce the risk of unsatisfactory treatment results.
Long-term dynamics of population morbidity with malignant neoplasms of trachea, bronchi, lung in Western Siberia (retrospective descriptive study for years 2006–2017)
Authors: Stasenko V. L. , Shirlina N. G. , Shirinsky V. A. , Shirinskaya N. V. , Demchenko V. G. , Obukhova T. M. 
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to assess the dynamics of the incidence of trachea, bronchi, lung cancer in the Omsk Region over a 12year period.Materials and methods. The analysis of long-term dynamics of morbidity of the population of the Omsk Region with cancer of the trachea, bronchi, lung (RTBL) for the years 2006–2017.Results. In the structure of cancer incidence in the Omsk Region, the proportion of RTBL was 12.4 % that was higher than the national average (11.0 %; p < 0.001). In dynamics for the period of 2006–2017 morbidity of inhabitants of the region of ZNO of trachea, bronchus, lung did not change (T = 0.15 %; p < 0.001). Incidence of RTBL in the Omsk Region tended to increase in general (from 46.9 to 51.3 0/000; p < 0.001) and decrease in standardized (from 25.9 to 24.1 0/000; p < 0.001) indicators.Conclusion. 1. In the Omsk region over a 12-year period, the incidence of RTBL remained stable (long-term average 51.0 0/0000; 95 % CI: 48.4–54.1). 2. The absence of positive changes in the dynamics of morbidity of the population of RTBL in the Omsk Region requires a study of the prevalence of known factors associated with the risk of developing this pathology and the improvement of approaches to primary prevention, taking into account regional characteristics.
Evaluation of Innate Immune Mediators Related to Respiratory Viruses in the Lung of Stable COPD Patients
Authors: D’Anna Silvestro E. , Maniscalco Mauro , Carriero Vitina , Gnemmi Isabella , Caramori Gaetano , Nucera Francesco , Righi Luisella , Brun Paola , Balbi Bruno , Adcock Ian M , Stella Maria Grazia , Ricciardolo Fabio L.M. , Di Stefano Antonino 
Published: June 2020

Background: Little is known about the innate immune response to viral infections in stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Objectives: To evaluate the innate immune mediators related to respiratory viruses in the bronchial biopsies and lung parenchyma of stable COPD patients. Methods: We evaluated the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of Toll-like receptors 3-7-8-9 (TLR-3-7-8-9), TIR domain-containing adaptor inducing IFNβ (TRIF), Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), Phospho interferon regulatory factor 3 ( pIRF3), Interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7), Phospho interferon regulatory factor 7 (pIRF7), retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG1), melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHX58 ( LGP2), Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS), Stimulator of interferon genes (STING), DNA-dependent activator of IFN regulatory factors (DAI), forkhead box protein A3(FOXA3), Interferon alfa (IFNα), and Interferon beta (IFNβ) in the bronchial mucosa of patients with mild/moderate (n = 16), severe/very severe (n = 18) stable COPD, control smokers (CS) (n = 12), and control non-smokers (CNS) (n = 12). We performed similar IHC analyses in peripheral lung from COPD (n = 12) and CS (n = 12). IFNα and IFNβ were assessed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) supernatant from CNS (n = 8), CS (n = 9) and mild/moderate COPD (n = 12). Viral load, including adenovirus-B, -C, Bocavirus, Respiratory syncytial Virus (RSV),Human Rhinovirus (HRV), Coronavirus, Influenza virus A (FLU-A), Influenza virus B (FLU-B), and Parainfluenzae-1 were measured in bronchial rings and lung parenchyma of COPD patients and the related control group (CS). Results: Among the viral-related innate immune mediators, RIG1, LGP2, MAVS, STING, and DAI resulted well expressed in the bronchial and lung tissues of COPD patients, although not in a significantly different mode from control groups. Compared to CS, COPD patients showed no significant differences of viral load in bronchial rings and lung parenchyma. Conclusions: Some virus-related molecules are well-expressed in the lung tissue and bronchi of stable COPD patients independently of the disease severity, suggesting a “primed” tissue environment capable of sensing the potential viral infections occurring in these patients.
Evaluation of Fishery Products Enterprises in Sinop Province by Sustainable Development
Authors: KARSLI Zafer , KOCATEPE Recai 
Published: June 2020

Gelecek kuşakların kendi ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilme olanağından ödün vermeksizin bugünün ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilecek kalkınma olarak tanımlanan sürdürülebilirlik kavramı, çalışma içeriğinde sürdürülebilir kalkınma boyutuyla incelenmiştir. Çalışmada Türkiye’nin en kuzey ucunda, Karadeniz kıyısında bulunan ve geçimini büyük oranda balıkçılıkla sağlayan, ihracatının %28.7’sini su ürünleri sektöründen gerçekleştiren Sinop İl Ticaret ve Sanayi Odasına kayıtlı su ürünleri firmaları analiz edilmiştir. Firma yetkililerinin “sürdürülebilirlik/sürdürülebilir kalkınma” kavramları bilgi düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. Firmaların çevre eğitimi, biyolojik çeşitlilik ve doğal hayatı koruma, ekosistem ve çevre koruma ve tarım/sürdürülebilir tarım konularında kullandıkları ya da kullanmayı düşündükleri çevre fonları ve çevre mevzuatı hakkındaki düşünceleri derinlemesine mülakat yapılarak incelenmiş ve veriler betimsel analiz edilmiştir.
Firmaların finansman aracı olarak %55.55 oranında banka kredilerine, %44.44 oranında öz kaynaklarına yöneldikleri tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada incelenen firmaların %60’ı ihracat teşviklerinden yeterince yararlanabildiklerini belirtirken; %40’ı yeterince yararlanamadıklarını belirtmiştir. Bunun nedeni olarak %45.5’i teşvik prosedürlerinin ağır olmasını ve dokümantasyon süreçlerinin uzun sürmesini göstermişlerdir. Çalışma kapsamında incelenen tüm firmalar sürdürülebilirlik kavramı konusunda bilgi sahibi olup ihracat mevzuatı ve çevre mevzuatı konusunda sorun yaşamamaktadırlar. Bu durum Sinop ilinin lokomotif sektörü olan su ürünleri sektörünün gelişmişlik düzeyinin bir göstergesidir.
Pos Gizi Remaja di SMA Negeri 12 Kota Jambi
Authors: Merita Merita , Kusuma Tri , Sari Yolanda Wulan , Rahmadiani Rahmadiani , Futri Wisa Amelia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract The centred approach of adolescents at school can prevent nutritional problems and improve daily nutrient intake. Therefore, the purpose of this service is the formation of adolescent nutrition posts. This activity was carried out in September 2019 until January 2020, in SMA Negeri 12 of Jambi City. The target is adolescents in the SMA Negeri 12 of Jambi City, who joined student council organizations. This activity consisted of (1) providing counseling with power point media, leaflets, posters, as well as pre-post test questions; (2) Practice monitoring of nutritional status and; (3) Formation of nutrition posts. The outputs of the community service activities are: (1) Effective and innovative leaflets and posters; (2) Application of balanced nutrition in adolescents and; (3) Establishment of adolescent nutrition posts. Based on the pre-test results it was known that the target had good knowledge about balanced nutrition and nutritional status of adolescents ie> 90% can correctly answer the questions on the post-test sheet. Therefore, it is expected that schools will be able to involve School Health Unit to provide information and health education specifically on the importance of balanced nutrition for adolescents.
Temporal persistence of after-effects in the n-1 replication task
Authors: Sack Oliver Simon , Sutter Christine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn line with the theory of event coding, many studies on tool use show that perceived visual and haptic information interacts with action execution. In two experiments, we investigated the temporal persistence of after-effects within an event file, and after-effects in temporally overlapping event files with the n-1 replication task. Each trial consisted of two phases: In phase 1, participants moved a cursor with a pen on a covered tablet while a gain varied the relation between hand and cursor amplitude (Experiment 1). In phase 2, participants replicated the hand amplitude of phase 1 of the previous trial without visual feedback. Any systematic over- and undershoot would be indicative for after-effects. When the cursor amplitude varied and the hand amplitude remained constant, we did not find any after-effects but adjustment of the internal model. For varying hand amplitudes, after-effects appeared in terms of a contrast and assimilation effect between temporally overlapping event files and within an event file, respectively. In Experiment 2, we confirmed that the observed pattern of over- and undershoots fully reflect assimilation/contrast due to perception-action interaction. The findings extend the current view on the temporal stability of short-term binding in sensorimotor transformation tasks: In the n-1 replication task, after-effects appeared only in trials with varying hand amplitudes. We replicated the contrast effect and assimilation effect, and the assimilation effect persisted for up to approximately 20 s.
Assessment of Knowledge and Practices of Voluntary Blood Donation Among Pharmacy Students; A Cross-Sectional Survey from Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Asghar Rida , Zeeshan Nageen , Sohaib Ahmed Umer , Munir Abu Bakar , Amjad Muhammad Arslan , Ahmad Sharjeel , Akbar Jamshaid 
Published: June 2020

Objective: To determine the current knowledge and practices regarding voluntary blood donation among pharmacy (Pharm-D) students of Lahore, Pakistan.
Methods: A cross-sectional quantitative survey was performed among Pharm-D students of two private and two public sector universities of Lahore, Pakistan in January 2018. Total 600 students were included in the study by convenient sampling technique. Data was gathered by a self-administered well-designed questionnaire and was analyzed by using SPSS version 23.
Results: The level of knowledge among majority respondents (61.3%) about different aspects of blood donation was found to be good. The results revealed that despite having good knowledge, a significant number of the respondents (65.2%) were not practicing blood donation. The major reasons identified for poor blood donation practice were inconvenient environment and lack of facilities for the donors.
Conclusion: There exists a gap in converting the good knowledge of respondents into practice of voluntary blood donation. Effective programs should be initiated to promote and aware people regarding the necessity of blood donation.
On the Gamma-Ray Emission of W44 and Its Surroundings
Authors: Peron Giada , Aharonian Felix , Casanova Sabrina , Zanin Roberta , Romoli Carlo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We present the analysis of 9.7 yr Fermi-LAT data of the middle-aged supernova remnant W44 and the massive molecular gas complex that surrounds it. We derived a high-quality spectral energy distribution of gamma-radiation of the shell over three decades. The very hard spectrum below 1 GeV supports the earlier claims regarding the hadronic origin of radiation. We also confirm the presence of two extended γ-ray structures located at two opposite edges of the remnant along its major axis. Based on the high-resolution gas maps, we demonstrate that the gamma-ray structures are caused by the enhanced cosmic-ray density rather than the gradient of the gas distribution. We argue that the revealed cosmic-ray “clouds” suggest an anisotropic character of the escape of high-energy particles from the shell along the magnetic field of the remnant.
A Very Young Radio-loud Magnetar
Authors: Esposito P. , Rea N. , Borghese A. , Zelati F. Coti , Viganò D. , Israel G. L. , Tiengo A. , Ridolfi A. , Possenti A. , Burgay M. , Götz D. , Pintore F. , Stella L. , Dehman C. , Ronchi M. , Campana S. , Garcia-Garcia A. , Graber V. , Mereghetti S. , Perna R. , Castillo G. A. Rodríguez , Turolla R. , Zane S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The magnetar Swift J1818.0–1607 was discovered in 2020 March when Swift detected a 9 ms hard X-ray burst and a long-lived outburst. Prompt X-ray observations revealed a spin period of 1.36 s, soon confirmed by the discovery of radio pulsations. We report here on the analysis of the Swift burst and follow-up X-ray and radio observations. The burst average luminosity was L
burst ∼ 2 × 1039 erg s−1 (at 4.8 kpc). Simultaneous observations with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR three days after the burst provided a source spectrum well fit by an absorbed blackbody (

= (1.13 ± 0.03) × 1023 cm−2 and kT = 1.16 ± 0.03 keV) plus a power law (Γ = 0.0 ± 1.3) in the 1–20 keV band, with a luminosity of ∼8 × 1034 erg s−1, dominated by the blackbody emission. From our timing analysis, we derive a dipolar magnetic field B ∼ 7 × 1014 G, spin-down luminosity

erg s−1, and characteristic age of 240 yr, the shortest currently known. Archival observations led to an upper limit on the quiescent luminosity <5.5 × 1033 erg s−1, lower than the value expected from magnetar cooling models at the source characteristic age. A 1 hr radio observation with the Sardinia Radio Telescope taken about 1 week after the X-ray burst detected a number of strong and short radio pulses at 1.5 GHz, in addition to regular pulsed emission; they were emitted at an average rate 0.9 min−1 and accounted for ∼50% of the total pulsed radio fluence. We conclude that Swift J1818.0–1607 is a peculiar magnetar belonging to the small, diverse group of young neutron stars with properties straddling those of rotationally and magnetically powered pulsars. Future observations will make a better estimation of the age possible by measuring the spin-down rate in quiescence.
A Serendipitous Discovery of GeV Gamma-Ray Emission from Supernova 2004dj in a Survey of Nearby Star-forming Galaxies with Fermi-LAT
Authors: Xi Shao-Qiang , Liu Ruo-Yu , Wang Xiang-Yu , Yang Rui-Zhi , Yuan Qiang , Zhang Bing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The interaction between a supernova ejecta and the circumstellar medium drives a strong shock wave that accelerates particles (i.e., electrons and protons). The radio and X-ray emission observed after the supernova explosion can be interpreted as synchrotron emission from accelerated electrons. The accelerated protons are expected to produce GeV–TeV gamma-ray emission via proton–proton collisions, but the flux is usually low since only a small fraction of the supernova kinetic energy is converted into the shock energy at the very early time. The low gamma-ray flux of the nearest supernova explosion, SN 1987A, agrees with this picture. Here we report a serendipitous discovery of a fading GeV gamma-ray source in spatial coincidence with one of the nearest and brightest supernova—SN 2004dj from our gamma-ray survey of nearby star-forming galaxies with Fermi-LAT. The total gamma-ray energy released by SN 2004dj is about 6 × 1047 erg. We interpret this gamma-ray emission arising from the supernova ejecta interacting with a surrounding high-density shell, which decelerates the ejecta and converts ∼1% of the SN kinetic energy to relativistic protons.
Montrer l’art contemporain à la télévision en France. Dispositifs de médiation (1960-2013)
Authors: de Montgolfier Clémence 
Published: June 2020

Alors que dans les années 1960, les programmes télévisés sur les arts constituaient une partie significative du jeune paysage audiovisuel français, ces derniers ont progressivement disparu de nos écrans pour être aujourd’hui visibles uniquement « la nuit et l’été ». Les programmes télévisés qui montrent l’art contemporain dans le champ des arts plastiques produisent une double médiation entre les œuvres et les téléspectateurs : celle de l’exposition et celle de sa médiation audiovisuelle. Quelles sont alors les spécificités de ces dispositifs de monstration des œuvres d’art ? Nous analyserons leur évolution depuis 1960 et montrerons qu’ils situent leur objet, les œuvres d’art contemporain, dans une double contrainte du fait même de leur recontextualisation : une promesse de transparence de la médiation d’un côté, et une promesse d’intensification de la densité de leur médiation, plus opaque, de l’autre.