bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Efficacy & Safety of 0. 3% Acetylcysteine eyedrops in Filamentary keratitis
Authors: Irfan Sameera 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: To determine the safety and efficacy of 0. 3% Acetylcysteine eyedrops for the resolution of symptoms and signs of filamentary keratitis.
Study design:A Randomised Clinical Trial (RCT).
Place & Duration of study:This study was conducted at a tertiary care centre for a period of two and a half years, from April 2016toOctober 2018.
Method:This was a prospective,interventionalstudy in which 52 consecutive cases (104 eyes) with mild to severe filamentary keratitis (classification criteria given below), between the ages of 9-72 years(mean 49±8.6) were included. Cases with an active ocular surface infection, uveitis, recent ocular surgery (< one month) and pregnant / lactating patients were excluded.All cases were prescribed lubricants, anti-inflammatory therapy (Tacrolimus skin cream 0.03%) and tetracycline eye ointment for the MGD. The alternate cases were divided into two equal groups of 26 cases; Group A received acetylcysteine eyedrops 0.3%, four times daily, Group B cases received placebo eyedrops (distilled water in a bottle).Clinical symptoms (OSDI),corneal filaments, corneal fluorescein staining,Tear Film BUT and Schirmer’s test were recorded at the beginning of study,and everytwo weeks,for the next 12 weeks.
Results: Primary Outcome Measure was a reduction of symptoms (OSDI score) and absence of filament formation after treatment with 0.3% Acetylcysteine eyedrops. The patients were followed-up for a mean duration 12 ± 2weeks. There was a marked subjective as well as objective improvement in all cases within 2-4 weeks of therapy with Acetylcysteine 0.3% eyedrops as compared to the placebo group.
Conclusion:Acetylcysteine 0.3% eyedrops efficiently dissolve filaments and offer quick resolution of symptoms even in severe cases of filamentary keratitis.
Detoxification of soil and insurance herbicides in a chernozem typical in the left-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Demianiuk О. , Shatsman D. 
Published: January 2020

Goal. The content and detoxification rate of soil (Harnes, k.e.; Stomp 330, k.e.) and post emergent (Callisto 480 SC, KC; Milagro 040 SC, k.c.; Dianat, BRK; Esteron 60, k.e.) herbicides in chernozem typical of permanent corn cultivation technology was studied. Methods. By the method of gas-liquid chromatography, the content of active substances of herbicides in the soil. The mathematical methods established the half-life T50 of active ingredients of the preparations and detoxification rate constants (k) in a chernozem typical were established. Results. The studied herbicides had a rather high decomposition rate in the soil, and on the 45 day the content of their active substances was either not found or was 2.7—9.4% (Harnes, k.e., Dianat, BRK). The shortest half-life of T50 is specific for herbicides with active substances as nicosulfuron (4.6 days) and mesotrione (4.7 days), 2.4-Д 2-ethylhexyl ether (5.3 days) which indicates their low persistence in a chernozem typical and Milagro 040 SC, k.c., Callisto 480 SC, KC, Esteron 60, k.e. characterizes as moderately persistent. For herbicides with the active substance dicamba, pendamethalin and acetochlor, the half-life of T50 was maximum and in the amount to 11.6, 10.2 and 9.9 days, respectively. The biggest half-life of the active substance characterizes as the most stable and dangerous herbicides for the environment. Conclusions. It was confirmed that all the studied herbicides had enough high decomposition rate in the soil in corn agrocenosis. On the 45 day the herbicides Callisto 480 SC, KC, Milagro 040 SC, k.c., Esteron 60, k.e. completely decomposed in the soil, the herbicides Dianat, BRK, Harnes, k.e. — by 91% and 97%, respectively. For the rate constant of the detoxification process (k) in a chernozem typical the herbicides are placed in a row: Dianat, BRK > Stomp 330, k.e. > Harnes, k.e. > Esteron 60, k.e. > Callisto 480 SC, KC > Milagro 040 SC, k.c.
DA FORMAÇÃO DE UM GRUPO DE ESTUDOS À REALIZAÇÃO DE OFICINAS PARA PROFESSORES: A ASTRONOMIA NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA EM UMUARAMA-PR
Authors: Belusso Diane , Sakai Otávio Akira 
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo, objetiva-se apresentar as atividades desenvolvidas pelo Grupo de Estudos de Astronomia (GEA) e contribuir para a divulgação e melhoria do ensino-aprendizagem de astronomia. São apresentados os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada nas escolas de Umuarama-PR, com o intuito de averiguar o conhecimento e o interesse dos estudantes em relação à astronomia. Relata-se a realização de oficinas de capacitação para professores de ciências vinculados ao Núcleo Regional de Educação. A execução da pesquisa e das oficinas promoveu o contato direto do grupo de estudos com a comunidade; os resultados serviram de diagnóstico do ensino-aprendizagem de astronomia, na educação básica, em Umuarama-PR.
INSTITUIÇÕES DE EDUCAÇÃO NÃO-FORMAL DE ASTRONOMIA NO BRASIL E SUA DISTRIBUIÇÃO NO TERRITÓRIO NACIONAL
Authors: Marques Joana Brás Varanda , Freitas Denise De 
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo apresentamos os resultados de um levantamento das instituições brasileiras de educação não-formal e divulgação de Astronomia. O setor não-formal da educação e da divulgação científica são áreas em expansão em todo o mundo e, também, no Brasil. A Astronomia é uma ciência privilegiada devido à rede de instituições existente, mas são poucas as pesquisas que se debruçam sobre essa temática e as informações sobre as instituições não estão integradas nem atualizadas. Neste contexto, buscamos trazer contribuições para o campo ao realizar um levantamento da localização dos planetários, observatórios, museus e associações dedicadas à Educação em Astronomia no Brasil por meio da compilação e atualização das listagens parciais destes já existentes. Pelo que apuramos o Brasil conta com quase 500 instituições dedicadas a essa temática, no entanto, elas estão distribuídas de maneira pouco uniforme.
El involucramiento militar en materia de seguridad pública: una cuestión inconclusa que se reinstala en Latinoamérica ante el desafío del crimen organizado transnacional
Authors: Rodríguez Daniel Darío 
Published: January 2020

En tiempos en que se promueve con renovado énfasis un mayor involucramiento de las fuerzas armadas latinoamericanas en asuntos de seguridad pública, el propósito del presente estudio es analizar la pertinencia o no de dicha participación castrense en la materia. El análisis aborda el contexto latinoamericano del último cuarto de siglo, sin menciones nacionales específicas, en el entendimiento de que, salvo particularidades estatales concretas, existen similares realidades y condiciones estructurales en la materia. Se reflexiona en primer término sobre los rasgos constitutivos del crimen organizado transnacional, el cual opera como causa central en la justificación de la promovida participación militar fuera de su ámbito natural, el de defensa nacional. Se examinan las diferencias entre delito organizado y delincuencia común y terrorismo, también fenómenos esgrimidos como razones para que las FF. AA. intervengan en seguridad pública. La conclusión es que la participación de las FF. AA. en seguridad pública no es intrínsecamente pertinente como regla, puesto que las mismas son organismos no diseñados o concebidos para atender tal fenomenología. Fuera del alcance del estudio quedó la evaluación de la requerida transformación de las fuerzas policiales y de seguridad, cuestión central para atender eficazmente un fenómeno tan elusivo y complejo como el crimen organizado transnacional.
Keck Observations Confirm a Super-Jupiter Planet Orbiting M Dwarf OGLE-2005-BLG-071L
Authors: Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Beaulieu Jean-Philippe , Blackman Joshua W. , Vandorou Aikaterini , Terry Sean K. , Cole Andrew A. , Henderson Calen B. , Koshimoto Naoki , Lu Jessica R. , Baptiste Marquette Jean , Ranc Clément , Udalski Andrzej 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We present adaptive optics imaging from the NIRC2 instrument on the Keck II telescope that resolves the exoplanet host (and lens) star as it separates from the brighter source star. These observations yield the K-band brightness of the lens and planetary host star, as well as the lens-source relative proper motion,

, in the heliocentric reference frame. The

measurement allows for the determination of the microlensing parallax vector,

, which had only a single component determined by the microlensing light curve. The combined measurements of

and K

L
provide the masses of the host star,

, and planet, m

p
= 3.27 ± 0.32M
Jupiter with a projected separation of 3.4 ± 0.5 au. This confirms the tentative conclusion of a previous paper that this super-Jupiter mass planet, OGLE-2005-BLG-071Lb, orbits an M dwarf. Such planets are predicted to be rare by the core accretion theory and have been difficult to find with other methods, but there are two such planets with firm mass measurements from microlensing, and an additional 11 planetary microlens events with host mass estimates

and planet mass estimates >2 Jupiter masses that could be confirmed by high angular follow-up observations. We also point out that OGLE-2005-BLG-071L has separated far enough from its host star that it should be possible to measure the host-star metallicity with spectra from a high angular resolution telescope such as Keck, the Very Large Telescope, the Hubble Space Telescope, or the James Webb Space Telescope.
Lower AGN Abundance in Galaxy Clusters at z < 0.5
Authors: Mishra Hora D. , Dai Xinyu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Most galaxies in clusters have supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at their center, and a fraction of those SMBHs show strong activity. These active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are an important probe of environmental dependence of galaxy evolution, intracluster medium, and cluster-scale feedback. We investigated AGN fraction in one of the largest samples of X-ray selected clusters from the ROSAT and their immediate surrounding field regions below z < 0.5. We found a lower average AGN fraction in clusters (2.37 ± 0.39)% than for the fields (5.12 ± 0.16)%. The lower AGN fractions in clusters were measured, after dividing the clusters into five redshift intervals between 0.0 and 0.5, in each redshift interval, and we found an increase in the fraction for both cluster and field galaxies with redshift below z < 0.5, which clearly indicates an environment and redshift dependence. We further divided the clusters into low-mass and high-mass objects using a mass cut at log10(M
500/M
⊙) = 13.5, finding comparable AGN fractions for both classifications, while a significantly higher AGN fraction in field. We also measured increasing AGN fractions with cluster-centric distance for all redshift bins, further confirming the environmental dependence of AGN activities. In addition, we did not find an obvious trend between AGN fraction and Sloan Digital Sky Survey M

r
absolute magnitudes among different redshift bins. We conclude that the lower AGN fraction in clusters relative to fields indicate that factors, such as inefficient galaxy mergers and ram pressure stripping, cause a deficit of cold gas available in high-density regions to fuel the central SMBH. Clusters and fields in the present universe have lost more gas relative to their high-redshift counterparts resulting in a lower AGN fraction observed today.
Electron-capture Supernovae of Super-AGB Stars: Sensitivity on Input Physics
Authors: Leung Shing-Chi , Nomoto Ken’ichi , Suzuki Tomoharu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Stars of M ∼ 8–10 M
⊙ on their main sequence form strongly electron-degenerate oxygen–neon–magnesium (ONeMg) cores and become super–asymptotic giant branch stars. If such an ONeMg core grows to 1.38 M
⊙, electron captures on 20Ne(e, ν
e)20F(e, ν
e)20O take place and ignite O–Ne deflagration around the center. In this work, we perform two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of the propagation of the O–Ne flame to see whether such a flame triggers a thermonuclear explosion or induces a collapse of the ONeMg core due to subsequent electron capture behind the flame. We present a series of models to explore how the outcome depends on model parameters for a central density ranging between 109.80 and 1010.20 g cm−3, flame structures of both centered and off-centered ignition kernels, special and general relativistic effects, turbulent flame speed formulae, and the treatments of laminar burning phase. We obtain bifurcation between the electron-capture induced collapse and thermonuclear explosion depending mainly on the central density. We find that the ONeMg core obtained from stellar evolutionary models has a high tendency to collapse into a neutron star. We discuss the implications of the electron-capture supernovae in chemical evolution and the possible observational signals of this class of supernovae.
D/H Ratio in the Interiors of Rocky Protoplanets Accreting in the Solar Nebula
Authors: Saito Hiroaki , Kuramoto Kiyoshi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The deuterium/hydrogen (D/H) ratio of primordial water partitioned into a planetary interior seems to be different on Earth and Mars. Water from volcanic rocks originating from Earth’s deep mantle has a low D/H ratio with high 3He/4He ratios, implying that it was inherited partially from the solar nebula. In contrast, the D/H ratio of water in the Martian meteorites considered to represent the mantle does not trend toward that of the solar nebula. These differences may be owing to differences in the types of atmospheric structures formed on protoplanets accreting in the solar nebula. Using a 1D radiative-equilibrium model, we analyze the thermal structure of a hybrid-type protoatmosphere in which the solar nebula component dominates the upper layer while a degassed component dominates the lower layer. Our analysis implies Mars-sized protoplanets maintain a hybrid-type protoatmosphere and the D/H ratio of the lower atmosphere resembles that of the building blocks. Conversely, when the mass is larger than Mars-sized, the compositional stratification is collapsed by convective mixing of the solar nebula component with the degassed component, and the D/H ratio approaches that of the solar nebula. This tendency becomes stronger when the planetary mass is larger. If water vapor is distributed through a magma ocean into the planetary interior, Mars-sized protoplanets are likely to reflect the D/H ratios of the building blocks, while larger protoplanets are likely to have acquired a solar-nebula-like D/H ratio.
Detailed Abundances in the Ultra-faint Magellanic Satellites Carina II and III
Authors: Ji A. P. , Li T. S. , Simon J. D. , Marshall J. , Vivas A. K. , Pace A. B. , Bechtol K. , Drlica-Wagner A. , Koposov S. E. , Hansen T. T. , Allam S. , Gruendl R. A. , Johnson M. D. , McNanna M. , Noël N. E. D. , Tucker D. L. , Walker A. R. ,   (MagLiteS Collaboration)
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We present the first detailed elemental abundances in the ultra-faint Magellanic satellite galaxies Carina II (Car II) and Carina III (Car III). With high-resolution Magellan/MIKE spectroscopy, we determined the abundances of nine stars in Car II, including the first abundances of an RR Lyrae star in an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy (UFD), and two stars in Car III. The chemical abundances demonstrate that both systems are clearly galaxies and not globular clusters. The stars in these galaxies mostly display abundance trends matching those of other similarly faint dwarf galaxies: enhanced but declining [α/Fe] ratios, iron-peak elements matching the stellar halo, and unusually low neutron-capture element abundances. One star displays a low outlying [Sc/Fe] = −1.0. We detect a large Ba scatter in Car II, likely due to inhomogeneous enrichment by low-mass asymptotic giant branch star winds. The most striking abundance trend is for [Mg/Ca] in Car II, which decreases from +0.4 to −0.4 and indicates clear variation in the initial progenitor masses of enriching core-collapse supernovae. So far, the only UFDs displaying a similar [Mg/Ca] trend are likely satellites of the Large Magellanic Cloud. We find two stars with [Fe/H] ≤ −3.5 whose abundances likely trace the first generation of metal-free Population III stars and are well fit by Population III core-collapse supernova yields. An appendix describes our new abundance uncertainty analysis that propagates line-by-line stellar parameter uncertainties.
Combien y a-t-il d’arguments dans une construction réfléchie du français ?
Authors: Haiden Martin 
Published: January 2020

Dans cet article, je montre qu’il existe en français (comme en anglais par exemple) deux types de constructions réfléchies : certaines mono-argumentales, d’autres bi-argumentales. Le choix d’une analyse mono- ou bi-argumentale est polyfactoriel et les propriétés lexico-sémantiques d’un verbe font partie des facteurs en jeu : les verbes psychologiques à sujet expérienceur projettent une structure à deux arguments, les verbes agentifs, par contraste, projettent une structure réfléchie intransitive. En outre, je montre que dans la configuration bi-argumentale, le sujet NP est engendré en position externe et qu’il lie une anaphore en position interne. Ces résultats ont été obtenus au terme d’une étude basée sur un nombre important de locuteurs et sur une analyse statistique fine. Cela confirme la valeur de la méthode des jugements de grammaticalité, mais à la condition qu’un échantillon suffisamment large de locuteurs soit consulté.
Faut-il distinguer le lexique de l’ontologie ?
Authors: Fasciolo Marco 
Published: January 2020

L’objet de cette contribution est la distinction entre lexique et ontologie, mise en évidence par le conflit conceptuel. Tout d’abord, on défend l’idée que la séparation – et l’indépendance – entre lexique et ontologie est nécessaire pour justifier le phénomène de la polysémie. Ensuite, on esquisse une phénoménologie des interactions entre lexique et ontologie. Cette phénoménologie se révèle utile pour éclairer le lien entre polysémie et solidarités lexicales, et le rapport entre arbitraire et motivation dans le domaine des métaphores conceptuelles.
Entre cohérence et conflictualité : des métaphores pour qualifier le silence
Authors: Paissa Paola 
Published: January 2020

Dans cet article, la notion de conflit conceptuel , représentant le fondement de la théorie de la métaphore de Prandi (1992), est appliquée à un objet précis : la qualification métaphorique du silence. Après avoir pris en considération le statut ontologique de ce mot, des exemples littéraires sont examinés afin d’illustrer trois types de métaphore, dans lesquelles le silence est appréhendé selon les trois états de la matière : solide, liquide et gazeux. Cette analyse permet d’illustrer les formes différentes que peut assumer le conflit conceptuel et de dessiner une gradation de la créativité métaphorique, notamment en fonction de la notion de cohérence élaborée par Prandi (2002, 2010, 2017).
Culture scolaire et culture des élèves en classe de français
Authors: Denizot Nathalie 
Published: January 2020

La « culture scolaire » se définit le plus souvent par opposition à autre chose : culture extrascolaire, juvénile, familiale, populaire, etc., oppositions qui véhiculent des jugements axiologiques implicites. Cette contribution revient tout d’abord sur la manière dont la notion de « culture scolaire » a été disqualifiée dans les années 1970-1990, avant de montrer comment la volonté de réformer cette culture littéraire scolaire a conduit à une ouverture vers les paralittératures. Elle discute enfin le postulat qui conduit à penser que l’introduction d’objets venus de la « culture juvénile » puisse suffire à transformer l’enseignement de la littérature : les processus de scolarisation transformant tous les objets scolaires en objets de la « culture scolaire » (entendue ici à la suite d’A. Chervel comme la culture produite par l’école), la vraie question est celle des modalités de travail autour des objets disciplinaires.
Quand la culture juvénile donne le gout d’écrire aux élèves
Authors: Castagnet-Caignec Sonia 
Published: January 2020

L’article aborde l’impact que l’introduction d’objets de la culture juvénile dans la classe induit sur les apprentissages. À l’occasion d’une recherche consacrée à l’écriture à visée littéraire, des ouvrages de littérature de jeunesse en série, des dessins animés et des films adressés aux enfants ont été didactisés afin d’accompagner des élèves de fin d’école élémentaire dans leur processus d’écriture. Il en ressort que, grâce à ces produits tout particulièrement destinés aux élèves en dehors des cadres scolaires, ceux-ci développent une appétence pour l’exercice rédactionnel mais progressent également dans leurs compétences interprétatives. La légitimité au sein de la classe de formes de culture populaire et juvénile est ainsi confirmée par le travail et les résultats des élèves. L’importation de ces formes culturelles en classe favorise aussi des transferts positifs de la pratique privée vers la pratique scolaire : en effet, les élèves élaborent des modes de réception habiles au sein de la culture populaire qui servent globalement la réflexion sur les rapports entre l’œuvre et le public.
Univers de pratiques et rapports aux lieux des mondes du folklore et du trad Exemples choisis en Isère, Savoie et Haute-Savoie
Authors: Montagnat Morgane 
Published: January 2020

Les pratiques revivalistes du monde du trad et de celui du folklore se sont construites dans une dialectique subtile entre pratiques « populaires » et pratiques d’initiés, entre pratiques « de tradition » et pratiques recréées/créatrices, entre pratiques héritières d’un univers rural et pratiques résolument urbaines. Aujourd’hui, elles proposent une relecture des manières dont elles donnent à voir et interagissent avec les espaces dans lesquelles elles s’implantent. En tant que « géoindicateurs » elles semblent consister en un moyen privilégié de compréhension des liens qu’entretiennent les individus avec les notions de ruralité, de localité et de globalité dans un monde changeant en crise de représentation de lui-même, de redéfinition des espaces et de leurs frontières administratives.
Qu’apporte l’urbanisme à l’étude des espaces de coworking ?
Authors: Leducq Divya , Ananian Priscilla 
Published: January 2020

Dans un contexte de profondes mutations du marché du travail, on constate une concentration d’activités liées à l’innovation dans les centres urbains. Parmi celles-ci, les espaces de coworking (ECW) promeuvent des idées de partage et d’ouverture pour changer le devenir des communautés. La littérature aborde principalement les dimensions économique et entrepreneuriale des ECW et rares sont les écrits liant ECW et villes. Cet article cherche donc à renouveler l’approche des rapports entre territoire et innovation, en contribuant à la connaissance de cette relation sous l’angle de l’approche urbanistique. L’article propose tout d’abord une revue critique de la littérature qui décline les liens entre villes et ECW selon trois entrées : la ville réceptacle, la ville en tant que ressource territoriale et la ville comme champ d’action des politiques publiques. À partir de ces liens, sont ensuite identifiés les principaux enjeux d’aménagement de l’espace (ressort de l’ancrage, programmation urbaine, gestion des flux), appelant, dans un dernier temps, à une remobilisation des méthodes de l’urbanisme et de la planification urbaine sous trois angles : réglementaire, de projet et tactique.