bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of intrathecal infusion port system on patients with advanced cancer pain and their caregivers
Authors: Yang Xiao-Qian , Hao Dan-Dan , Chen Peng , Jin Hai-Yan , Deng Li-Hua , Meng Jing , Chen Mei-Gui 
Published: December 2024

Objective The impact of the intrathecal infusion port system on patients with advanced cancer pain and the nursing workload on their primary caregivers was investigated in this study. Methods Between January 2018 and December 2021, a total of 26 patients with advanced cancer pain who received intrathecal infusion in our hospital, were enrolled in this study along with their primary caregivers. Assessments of patients’ pain levels, adverse reactions, and quality of life, as well as the nursing workload of primary caregivers were evaluated. Results The findings revealed a significant reduction in pain scores, decreasing from (7.42 ± 0.58) one week before treatment to (2.00 ± 0.56) one week after treatment, and maintaining a similar level at (2.07 ± 0.56) one month post-treatment, with a concomitant decrease in associated complications. Moreover, an improvement in overall quality of life was observed, as evident in the total physical health scores, which increased from (33.97 ± 7.14) one week prior to treatment to (47.44 ± 10.14) one week post-treatment and (48.56 ± 9.35) one month post-treatment. The total psychological health scores exhibited a positive trajectory, rising from (52.50 ± 23.55) one week before treatment to (65.00 ± 16.55) one week after treatment, ultimately reaching (69.42 ± 15.64) one month post-treatment. Furthermore, the primary caregivers’ nursing workload experienced a consistent decline, decreasing from (51.54 ± 7.30) one week before treatment to (46.54 ± 5.57) one week after treatment and further diminishing to (45.32 ± 6.41) one month after treatment. Repeated measures of variance showed that there were significant differences in pain, quality of life, and primary caregivers’ nursing workload at different time points ( P < 0.05). Conclusion The intrathecal infusion port system can effectively reduce the pain level of patients with advanced cancer pain, improve their quality of life, and reduce the nursing workload of their primary caregivers.
Advancement of post-market surveillance of medical devices leveraging artificial intelligence: Patient monitors case study
Authors: Bećirović Faruk , Spahić Lemana , Merdović Nejra , Gurbeta Pokvić Lejla , Badnjević Almir 
Published: December 2024

Background Healthcare institutions throughout the world rely on medical devices to provide their services reliably and effectively. However, medical devices can, and do sometimes fail. These failures pose significant risk to patients. Objective One way to address these issues is through the use of artificial intelligence for the detection of medical device failure. This goal of this study was to develop automated systems utilising machine learning algorithms to predict patient monitor performance and potential failures based on data collected during regular safety and performance inspections. Methods The system developed in this study utilised machine learning techniques as its core. Throughout the study four algorithms were utilised. These algorithms include Decision Tree, Random Forest, Linear Regression and Support Vector Machines. Results Final results showed that Random Forest algorithms had the best performance on various metrics among the four developed models. It achieved accuracy of 94% and precision and recall of 70% and 93% respectively. Conclusion This study shows that use of systems like the one developed in this study have the potential to improve management and maintenance of medical devices.
LINC01004/hsa-mir-125b-2-3p axis restrains ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting HSPA4 via ceRNA mechanism
Authors: Gao Han , Fan Li , Gai Xue , Fu Rong , Li Guohua , Jing Kexin , Xu Jingwei , Sun Shengjian 
Published: December 2024

Purpose To investigate the latent mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and find therapeutic targets. Methods Differentially expressed and overall survival related genes of HCC, and cell death related genes were intersected to obtain latent target genes. These genes were analyzed using ROC curve for diagnosing HCC. RT-qPCR and Western blot were performed to detect the expression level of genes. Wound healing tests were performed with or without si-HSPA4. Potential ceRNA axis was forecasted using TargetScan and miRanda and the dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the results. Finally, the images of H&E dye liquor-stained HCC tissue section, the CT images for patients in different tumor stage. Results LINC01004/hsa-miR-125b-2-3p/HSPA4 axis was forecasted and then was verified using dual-luciferase reporter assay. HSPA4 knockdown caused significant reduction of cell proliferation and ferroptosis. Si-HSPA4 related ferroptosis was generated through impairing iron transport via targeting restrain GPX4. For human subjects, the RT-qPCR analysis revealed the that the larger the tumor diameter, the higher the LINC01004, HSPA4, and GPX4 expression, and the lower the hsa-miR-125b-2-3p expression. Conclusion LINC01004/hsa-miR-125b-2-3p/HSPA4 regulatory axis involved in the ferroptosis of the progression of HCC via GPX4 dependent method, providing new therapeutic targets for HCC patients.
The clinical value of spectral CT combined with targeted scanning technology in the diagnosis of invasive ground glass nodules in pulmonary adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lan Bing , Zang Jialin , Liu Bo , Wang Li , Wang Yuguang , Li Bo , Zheng Chunlei , Li Bin , Zhang Tianyu 
Published: December 2024

Background Pulmonary adenocarcinoma, a predominant form of lung cancer, is characterized by diverse histopathological subtypes, including ground-glass nodules (GGNs), which may represent different degrees of malignancy. The accurate differentiation between invasive and non-invasive GGNs is paramount, as it significantly influences clinical management and treatment strategies. Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of spectral CT combined with targeted scanning in diagnosing invasive GGNs in pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Methods A retrospective analysis of 120 patients with GGNs, who underwent spectral CT and targeted scanning at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College (Nov 2021 - Dec 2022), was conducted. Patients were categorized based on postoperative pathology into non-invasive (66) and invasive (54) groups. Imaging features and values of various indicators including water concentration (WC), spectral curve slope (k value), and iodine concentration across different phases were analyzed and compared. Key independent factors for invasive GGN and the predictive value of the combined imaging technique were explored. Results The invasive lesion group showed a higher incidence of fissure sign, spiculation sign, and bronchial inflation sign, along with increased values of WC, WCAP, and WCVP across phases ( p < 0.05). These factors were identified as main influencers of invasive GGN, with OR values >1. The combined imaging parameters achieved an AUC of 0.914, sensitivity of 0.925, and specificity of 0.880, significantly outperforming individual indicators. Conclusion Fissure sign, spiculation sign, bronchial inflation sign, WC, WCAP, and WCVP effectively predict invasive GGNs in pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Their combined application enhances predictive accuracy.
A descriptive cross-sectional study on the cumulative frequency of pediatric procedural sedation in 0- to 3-year-old children
Authors: Yi Tingting , Lv Zhiquan , Luo Hongxia , Wang Shouyong 
Published: December 2024

Background Recurrent illnesses and poor adherence to medical procedures render infants and young children vulnerable to procedural sedation, while repeated or prolonged exposure to anesthetic medications and sedative drugs may potentially exert adverse effects on the developing brain. Objective To investigate the distribution of cumulative frequency and the use of general anesthetic drugs in pediatric procedural sedation for children aged 0 to 3 years. Methods The records of all children treated in the Sedation Clinic of the Children's Medical Center of our university in November 2021 were extracted as the sample. A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed, and the cumulative frequency of pediatric procedural sedation in 0- to 3-year-old children was investigated as the first endpoint. Results A total of 3439 independent children were included in this study, 2649 (77.0%), 471 (13.7%), 270 (7.9%) and 49 (1.4%) children with 1 to 3, 3 to 5, 5 to 10 and ≥10 rounds of the cumulative frequency of sedation, respectively, and 929 (27%) of those were identified general anesthetics using. There was no significant difference in the gender ratio of each cumulative frequency strata subgroup compared with that of the total sample. Conclusions The present study concluded that some 0- to 3-year-old children are at risk of large cumulative frequency of pediatric procedural sedation and high risk of general anesthetics exposure.
Interaction effect between data discretization and data resampling for class-imbalanced medical datasets
Authors: Huang Min-Wei , Tsai Chih-Fong , Lin Wei-Chao , Lin Jia-Yang 
Published: December 2024

Background Data discretization is an important preprocessing step in data mining for the transfer of continuous feature values to discrete ones, which allows some specific data mining algorithms to construct more effective models and facilitates the data mining process. Because many medical domain datasets are class imbalanced, data resampling methods, including oversampling, undersampling, and hybrid sampling methods, have been widely applied to rebalance the training set, facilitating effective differentiation between majority and minority classes. Objective Herein, we examine the effect of incorporating both data discretization and data resampling as steps in the analytical process on the classifier performance for class-imbalanced medical datasets. The order in which these two steps are carried out is compared in the experiments. Methods Two experimental studies were conducted, one based on 11 two-class imbalanced medical datasets and the other using 3 multiclass imbalanced medical datasets. In addition, the two discretization algorithms employed are ChiMerge and minimum description length principle (MDLP). On the other hand, the data resampling algorithms chosen for performance comparison are Tomek links undersampling, synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) oversampling, and SMOTE–Tomek hybrid sampling algorithms. Moreover, the support vector machine (SVM), C4.5 decision tree, and random forest (RF) techniques were used to examine the classification performances of the different approaches. Results The results show that on average, the combination approaches can allow the classifiers to provide higher area under the ROC curve (AUC) rates than the best baseline approach at approximately 0.8%–3.5% and 0.9%–2.5% for twoclass and multiclass imbalanced medical datasets, respectively. Particularly, the optimal results for two-class imbalanced datasets are obtained by performing the MDLP method first for data discretization and SMOTE second for oversampling, providing the highest AUC rate and requiring the least computational cost. For multiclass imbalanced datasets, performing SMOTE or SMOTE–Tomek first for data resampling and ChiMerge second for data discretization offers the best performances. Conclusions Classifiers with oversampling can provide better performances than the baseline method without oversampling. In contrast, performing data discretization does not necessarily make the classifiers outperform the baselines. On average, the combination approaches have potential to allow the classifiers to provide higher AUC rates than the best baseline approach.
MRI manifestations and quantitative parameters of fat pad PDW-SPAIR in patients with knee osteoarthritis and their predictive value
Authors: He Yanan , Huang Yaoqu , Chen Chuying , Yi Lilei , Zhou Shouguo , Wang Juan 
Published: December 2024

Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the breakdown of cartilage and underlying bone, often leading to pain and stiffness. There is limited research on the correlation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) manifestations and changes in quantitative parameters of the proton density-weighted spectral attenuated inversion recovery (PDW-SPAIR) sequence in the fat pad of KOA patients. Objective To investigate the MRI manifestations and quantitative parameters of fat pad PDW-SPAIR in patients with KOA and their predictive value. Methods 82 patients with KOA admitted to the hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected as the study subjects. All of them received an MRI examination before the operation. Their MRI manifestations and quantitative parameters of fat pad PDW-SPAIR were analyzed to evaluate their application value in patients with KOA. Results Among the 82 patients, there were 25 cases of bony defects, 43 cases of cartilage defects, and 14 cases of hydrops articuli. There were 63 cases of bone marrow edema, 54 cases of soft tissue swelling, 68 cases of synovitis, and 42 cases of bone erosion. Different quantitative parameters of fat pad PDW-SPAIR showed that patients with cartilage defects were 50, 53, 32, and 32. Cartilage defects were 130, 131, 53, and 49. There were statistically significant differences in signal intensity ratios of non-cartilage and cartilage defects displayed by different quantitative parameters of fat pad PDW-SPAIR (p < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that PD-FSE-SAG-SPAIR, PD-FSE-COR-SPAIR, T2-FSE-SAG, and T1-FSE-COR positively correlated with KOA (p < 0.05). Conclusion MRI manifestations and quantitative parameters of fat pad PDW-SPAIR may be helpful for the clinical prediction of KOA.
Diagnostic value of colour Doppler ultrasound, serum β-hCG concentration, and progesterone concentration in ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Li Wanyan , Liu Zhike , Ma Yiqin , Zhao Tingting , Liu Yanyan , Qin Leilei , Yue Yuzhen , Chu Xiaofei , Duan Yayang 
Published: December 2024

Background The rising incidence of ectopic pregnancy (EP) in China underscores the critical need for early and accurate diagnosis to achieve optimal patient outcomes. Colour Doppler ultrasound, β-hCG, and progesterone testing are essential tools in the detection of EP, with transvaginal ultrasound offering precise visualization of EP lesions. Lower levels of β-hCG and progesterone in EP cases compared to normal pregnancies serve as key diagnostic markers. Awareness of atypical symptoms is crucial to prevent missed or misdiagnosed cases, underscoring the importance of timely intervention to mitigate severe complications. Objective To investigate the differences in colour Doppler ultrasound findings, serum β-hCG levels, and progesterone levels between normal and ectopic pregnancies, in order to provide insights into the clinical diagnosis and treatment of EP. Methods Sixty patients who showed no gestational sac in the uterus during early pregnancy and were either highly suspected or pathologically confirmed to have EP were selected for this study. As controls, fifty women with normal pregnancies during the same period were also included. Colour Doppler ultrasound findings (endometrial thickness, pelvic effusion, uterine effusion, and adnexal mass), serum β-hCG levels, and progesterone levels were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results Colour Doppler ultrasound showed that the EP group had significantly greater incidences of pelvic effusion, uterine effusion, and an adnexal mass than did the control group. Moreover, the EP patients had significantly thinner endometria (8.3 ± 3.37 mm vs. 16.12 ± 3.09 mm; P < 0.05), lower serum β-hCG levels (846.18-1444.09 vs. 2429.24–3020.56; P < 0.05), and lower progesterone levels (9.1 ± 7.19 vs. 17.66 ± 5.63; P < 0.05) than did the controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that endometrial thickness, serum β-hCG concentration, and progesterone concentration had considerably high area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity for the diagnosis of EP. Conclusion Colour Doppler ultrasound, serum β-hCG concentration, and progesterone concentration have high diagnostic value for EP.
Perioperative anaphylaxis associated with peripheral inserted central catheter: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Wu Zhenming , Luo Mengna , Luo Jielin , Feng Yandan , Li Jia 
Published: December 2024

Background: Peripheral Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) is a commonly utilized medical device for long-term intravenous therapy in healthcare settings. However, there has been a notable increase in anaphylaxis associated with PICC catheterization, which should not be neglected. Aims: The purpose is to raise awareness about the occurrence of anaphylaxis or anaphylactoid reactions associated with PICC and to emphasize the need to explore effective methods to prevent this emergency event in the future. Method: This retrospective observational study was conducted at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between January 2021 and August 2023. Results: 0.10% (13 out of 12,612) of cancer patients suffered from anaphylactic reactions during PICC catheterization. The duration time of anaphylaxis or anaphylactoid reactions was approximately 8 min, with a range of 5–10 min. The signs and symptoms combined with respiratory and cardiovascular system symptoms. Most patients were relieved spontaneously by oxygen inhalation and completed catheterization after their symptoms were alleviated. Conclusion: The increasing incidence of anaphylaxis related to PICC catheterization necessitates greater awareness among healthcare providers. Further research is needed to identify the exact culprits during PICC insertion and develop effective strategies for preventing anaphylactic reactions.
Evaluation of In-Hospital and Community-Based Healthcare Utilization and Costs During the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic in Alberta, Canada: A Population-Based Descriptive Study
Authors: Liu Kathy , Rennert-May Elissa , Zhang Zuying , D’Souza Adam G , Crocker Alysha , Williamson Tyler , Beall Reed , Leal Jenine 
Published: December 2024

Background: Assessing the financial burden of COVID-19 is important for planning health services and resource allocation to inform future pandemic response. Objectives: This study examines the changing dynamics in healthcare utilization patterns and costs from a public healthcare perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta, Canada. Design: Population-based descriptive study. Methods: All adult patients over the age of 18 years who had a laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis in Alberta, Canada from March 1, 2020 to December 15, 2021. We described demographic information and community- and hospital-based healthcare utilization and costs. We compared changes in each outcome throughout the first four waves of the pandemic. Results: Among 255,037 patients, hospitalization incurred significantly higher costs ( N = 20,603; aRR = 755.51; marginal cost: $21,738.17 CAD; P < .01). Wave 2 recorded the highest cost for Emergency Department (ED) visits (aRR = 1.10; marginal cost: $79.19 CAD; P < .01). Compared to Wave 1, Waves 2-4 all recorded significantly lower costs for out-patient visits. Wave 2’s in-patient cost for patients that required ICU admission was significantly lower than Wave 1 (aRR = 0.75; marginal cost: −$24,142.47 CAD; P = .02). Conclusion: COVID-19 exerted a heavy toll on healthcare services, and the dynamics of this continue to evolve. Utilization of ED and in-patient services were particularly high. Severe infections requiring hospitalization and ICU admission are more expensive than non-hospitalized and non-ICU hospital admits. Future studies should clarify specific factors, such as sociodemographic determinants, that contribute to evolving patterns of health services consumption and changing trends in cost to holistically inform responses to future pandemics.
Evaluation of sluggish cognitive tempo in children and adolescents with obesity and morbid obesity
Authors: Yolcu Ömer , Bedel Aynur , Gizli Çoban Özge , Yazıcı Kopuz Hilal , Önder Arif , Sürer Adanır Aslı , Akdağ Berhan , Nasıroğlu Serhat , Ünver Tuhan Hale , Parlak Mesut 
Published: December 2024

Objective This study’s primary aim is to evaluate the relationship between obesity and sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT). Method The study group consisted of obese ( n = 37) and morbidly obese ( n = 42) patients. The healthy control group included 38 children and adolescents. SCT was evaluated using the Barkley Child Attention Scale (BCAS). Clinical interviews were supplemented with standardized questionnaires to assess symptoms of depression, anxiety, and ADHD. Results BCAS scores were significantly higher in both the morbidly obese and obese groups than in the control group ( p < .001). BCAS cutoff point showed that the prevalence of SCT was significantly higher in both the obese and morbidly obese groups compared to the control group ( p < .001). Moreover, a logistic regression analysis identified screen time (OR = 1.330), maternal education (OR = 0.164), and BCAS scores (OR = 1.122) as independent risk factors for obesity. Conclusion The current study found a significant relationship between SCT and obesity in children and adolescents. Given that obesity is a public health issue, our findings underscore the importance of evaluating SCT in morbidly obese and obese children. This understanding can lead to more comprehensive and effective treatment strategies for these children.
Middle meningeal artery embolization with standalone or adjunctive coiling for treatment of chronic subdural hematoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hoffman Haydn , Sims Jason J. , Nickele Christopher , Inoa Violiza , Elijovich Lucas , Goyal Nitin 
Published: December 2024

Introduction Middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAe) is increasingly utilized as a primary or secondary treatment for chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) and is usually performed with liquid embolics or particles. Outcomes after MMAe with coiling as a standalone treatment, or an adjunct to other agents, have not been reviewed. Methods A systematic review of the literature was performed to identify all original research that included patients who underwent standalone or adjunctive coiling for MMAe. The primary outcome was the need for rescue treatment defined as any unplanned reintervention for recurrent or residual cSDH. Results A total of 10 studies comprising 346 patients (mean age 73 years, 39% female) who underwent MMAe with coils were included. The majority of embolizations were with coils and particles ( n = 176), followed by standalone coiling (137) and coiling with liquid embolics (120). The pooled rate of rescue treatment after embolization was 9.4% (95% CI 6.4–13.6, I2 = 0). The pooled complication rate was 2.6% (95% CI 1.3–5.1, I2 = 0). In the subgroup analysis of four studies reporting results after standalone coiling, the pooled rescue treatment rate was 8.2% (95% CI 4.0–15.9, I2 = 0) and there were no complications. Conclusion MMAe with coils is safe and potentially effective, but additional studies evaluating long-term clinical and radiographic results after standalone coiling are needed.