bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of assault in Sydney, Australia, throughout 5 years of alcohol trading hour restrictions: controlled before‐and‐after study
Authors: Kypri Kypros , Livingston Michael 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsIn February 2014, pubs and bars in Kings Cross (KX) and the central business district (CBD) of Sydney, Australia were required to stop serving alcohol by 3 a.m. and operate a ‘lockout’ from 1.30 a.m. We studied changes in the incidence of assault during the following 5 years, including possible displacement.DesignControlled before‐and‐after ecological study.SettingSydney, Australia.Participants/CasesAssaults in specified areas in which police apprehended at least one person.MeasurementsWe compared change in non‐domestic assault in KX and the CBD with adjacent areas, other city areas, and outer suburbs, adjusting for the trend in the rest of the state during three periods: 6 p.m.–1.29 a.m. (‘pre‐lockout’), 1.30 a.m.–2.59 a.m. (‘lockout’) and 3 a.m.–6 a.m. (‘after last‐drinks’). We constructed interrupted time‐series models with terms for secular trend and season, producing incidence rate ratios (IRR) for step and slope parameters. We performed sensitivity analyses on impacts of missing location data.FindingsAfter the intervention, assaults fell 38% in KX (IRR for step change = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.49, 0.79) and 10% in the CBD (IRR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.80, 0.99). Assaults continued declining in KX (IRR for slope = 0.990, 95% CI = 0.982, 0.998) and later increased in adjacent areas (IRR for slope = 1.006, 95% CI = 1.001, 1.011) and earlier in the evenings in both KX and the adjacent areas. The net reduction was 627 assaults over 60 months post‐intervention, i.e. 10 fewer per month. Estimates were robust to extreme assumptions about missing data.ConclusionsThe 2014 alcohol supply restrictions for pubs and bars in Kings Cross (KX) and the central business district (CBD) of Sydney, Australia were followed by a substantial reduction in the incidence of assault in KX and to a lesser extent in the CBD, possibly displacing some cases to adjacent areas and earlier in the evening.
Medication‐related criteria in frailty assessment tools: A narrative review
Authors: Dearing Marci E. , Bowles Susan K. , Isenor Jennifer E. , Theou Olga , Reeve Emily 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo review medication‐related criteria within validated frailty tools.MethodsNarrative review of validated frailty assessment tools. Frailty tools were identified from recently published reviews; each tool was reviewed to determine whether any medication‐related criteria were included and how these criteria contributed to the scoring/assessment of frailty.ResultsEight out of 16 validated frailty tools included medication‐related criteria. The majority of criteria were a numerical cut‐off of number of medications taken; however, the specific cut‐off was not consistent.ConclusionInclusion of medication‐related criteria in frailty tools is highly variable. Future research is required to determine whether incorporation of medication use into frailty assessment can impact outcomes in terms of frailty prevention and treatment.
The diagnostic value of a seven‐autoantibody panel and a nomogram with a scoring table for predicting the risk of non–small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Weidong , Zhuang Runzhou , Ma Honghai , Fang Likui , Wang Zhitian , Lv Wang , Hu Jian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe early detection of non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a common concern. The aim of our study was to validate the diagnostic value of a seven‐autoantibody (7‐AAB) panel compared with radiological diagnosis for NSCLC. We constructed a nomogram and a scoring table based on the 7‐AAB panel’s result to predict the risk of NSCLC. We prospectively enrolled 268 patients who presented with radiological lesions and underwent both the 7‐AAB panel test and pathological diagnosis by surgical resection. A comparison between the 7‐AAB panel and radiological diagnosis was performed. A nomogram and a scoring table based on the 7‐AAB panel’s result to predict the risk of NSCLC were constructed and internally validated. The 7‐AAB panel test had a specificity of 90.2% and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 92.7%, which were significantly higher than those of the radiological diagnosis. The 7‐AAB panel also showed a preferable sensitivity in patients with early‐stage disease. Seven factors, including the 7‐AAB panel results, were integrated into the nomogram. For more convenient application, we formulated a scoring table based on the nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.840 and 0.860 in the training group and validation group, respectively, which was higher than that using the 7‐AAB panel or radiological diagnosis alone. This study reveals that our 7‐AAB panel has clinical value in the diagnosis of NSCLC. The utility of our nomogram and the scoring table indicated that they have the potential to assist clinicians in avoiding unnecessary treatment or needless follow‐up.
Environmental factors for establishment of the dormant state in oocytes
Authors: Hayashi Katsuhiko , Shimamoto So , Nagamatsu Go 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGuaranteeing the sustainability of gametogenesis is a fundamental issue for perpetuating the species. In the mammalian ovary, sustainability is accomplished by keeping a number of oocytes “stocked” in the dormant state. Despite the evident importance of this state, the mechanisms underlying the oocyte dormancy are not fully understood, although it is presumed that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors are involved. Here, we review environmental factors involved in the regulation of oocyte dormancy. Consideration of the environmental factors illustrates the nature of the ovarian compartment, in which primordial follicles reside. This should greatly improve our understanding of the mechanisms and also assist in reconstitution of the dormant state in culture. Accumulating knowledge on the dormant state of oocytes will contribute to a wide range of research in fields such as developmental biology, reproductive biology and regenerative medicine.
Beech leaf disease symptoms caused by newly recognized nematode subspecies Litylenchus crenatae mccannii (Anguinata) described from Fagus grandifolia in North America
Authors: Carta Lynn Kay , Handoo Zafar A. , Li Shiguang , Kantor Mihail , Bauchan Gary , McCann David , Gabriel Colette K. , Yu Qing , Reed Sharon , Koch Jennifer , Martin Danielle , Burke David J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSymptoms of beech leaf disease (BLD), first reported in Ohio in 2012, include interveinal greening, thickening and often chlorosis in leaves, canopy thinning and mortality. Nematodes from diseased leaves of American beech (Fagus grandifolia) sent by the Ohio Department of Agriculture to the USDA, Beltsville, MD in autumn 2017 were identified as the first recorded North American population of Litylenchus crenatae (Nematology, 21, 2019, 5), originally described from Japan. This and other populations from Ohio, Pennsylvania and the neighbouring province of Ontario, Canada showed some differences in morphometric averages among females compared to the Japanese population. Ribosomal DNA marker sequences were nearly identical to the population from Japan. A sequence for the COI marker was also generated, although it was not available from the Japanese population. The nematode was not encountered in Fagus crenata (its host in Japan) living among nematode‐infested Fagus grandifolia in the Holden Arboretum, nor has L. crenatae been reported in American beech in Japan. The morphological and host range differences in North American populations are nomenclaturally distinguished as L. crenatae mccannii ssp. n. from the population in Japan. Low‐temperature scanning electron microscopy (LT‐SEM) demonstrated five lip annules and a highly flexible cuticle. Females, juveniles and eggs were imaged within buds with a Hirox Digital microscope and an LT‐SEM. Nematodes swarmed to the tips of freshly cut beech buds, but explants could not be maintained. Inoculation of fresh nematodes from infested leaves or buds to buds or leaves of F. grandifolia seedlings resulted in BLD leaf symptoms. Injuring dormant buds prior to nematode application, in fall or spring, promoted the most reliable symptom expression. The biogeography and physiology of anguinid nematode leaf galling, and potential co‐factors and transmission are discussed.
QCA and the harnessing of unstructured qualitative data
Authors: Nishant Rohit , Ravishankar M.N. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) as a novel method to harness unstructured data sets such as publicly available reports and news articles. It shows how QCA and conventional qualitative IS research can complement each other. In particular, it demonstrates how qualitative IS research can combine typical qualitative coding techniques with a specific type of QCA, namely crisp‐set QCA (csQCA). The paper illustrates how QCA offers qualitative IS research an innovative approach to explicate the combination of conditions associated with particular outcomes. Drawing on an empirical study of green IS, it showcases the potential of QCA to harness large unstructured qualitative material and generate deeper insights about emerging IS phenomena. The paper also highlights how QCA can contribute to the data collection and analysis stages of qualitative IS research.
Flagging difference: Identification and emotional responses to national flags
Authors: Muldoon Orla T. , Trew Karen , Devine Paula 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFlags can be thought of as representations designed to unite the national community. Emotional responses are seen as being particularly important in driving allegiances to flags. In societies affected by conflict, where the nation itself is contested, emotional responses to national symbols however, have the potential to be divisive. In this study, using a large scale sample in Northern Ireland, emotional responses to the in‐group and out‐group flags and their relationship to national identities are considered. 1,179 respondents reported their self‐categorized national identity, as well as explicit emotional responses to both in‐group and out‐group flags. The strength of identification with preferred national group, British, Irish, or Northern Irish, was also measured. Emotional responses to in‐group flags were significantly related to both strength of national identification and the type of emotion, annoyed, hopeful, satisfied, or uneasy, under consideration. Weaker emotional responses and different emotions were reported in response to out‐group flags. The results of the study are interpreted as consistent with appraisal and intergroup emotions theory which suggests the strongest emotional responses are evidenced in response to symbols of one's own group. The importance of emotions to understanding the dynamics of intergroup conflict, and in Northern Ireland in particular, is also discussed.
Comparative study of strategies to prevent esophageal and periesophageal injury during atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: de Oliveira Barbara D. , Oyama Helena , Hardy Carina A. , de Melo Sissy L. , Pisani Cristiano F. , Chokr Muhieddine O. , Balbo Conrado , da Costa Darrieux Francisco C. , Hachul Denise T. , Chaves Dalton M. , Artifon E. L. A. , Cestari Idágene A. , Sakai Paulo , Scanavacca Mauricio I. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the prevalence of esophageal and periesophageal thermal injury in patients undergoing radiofrequency (RF) atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation using 8 mm tip catheters during three different esophageal protection strategies.MethodsForty‐five consecutive patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF underwent first ablation procedure, besides esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) combined with radial endosonography (EUS) performed before and after the pulmonary vein (PV) isolation. Before the procedure, patients were randomly assigned to one of three esophageal lesion protection strategies: group I—without any protective or monitoring dispositive and limiting RF applications to 30 W for 20 seconds, in left atrium posterior wall (LAPW); group II—power and time of RF delivery, up to 50 W for 20 seconds at LAPW, limited by esophageal temperature monitoring; group III—applications of RF in LAPW with fixed power application of 50 W for 20 seconds during continuous esophageal cooling.ResultsBaseline characteristics of patients were similar in all groups. The four PVs were isolated in 14 (93.3%), 13 (86.7%), and 15 (100%) patients, respectively in groups I, II, and III. The mean RF power was significantly higher (P < .001) in the posterior side of PVs in group III. Post‐AF ablation EGD and EUS revealed two esophageal wall ulcerations and two periesophageal mediastinal edemas only in the esophageal cooling group (P = .008).ConclusionEsophageal cooling balloon strategy resulted in a higher RF power energy delivery when ablating at the LA posterior wall, using 8 mm nonirrigated tip catheters under temperature mode control. Despite that, patients presented a relatively low incidence of esophageal and periesophaeal injuries.
Pulmonary vein firing initiating atrial fibrillation in the horse: Oversized dimensions but similar mechanisms
Authors: Linz Dominik , Hesselkilde Eva , Kutieleh Rayed , Jespersen Thomas , Buhl Rikke , Sanders Prashanthan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAtrial fibrillation is triggered by the pulmonary veins in humans. Although atrial fibrillation is known to occur in other species, the mechanisms of disease in these are not known. Here we present evidence for pulmonary vein triggers in the horse, where 3D HD Grid mapping was undertaken in the conscious state in the absence of fluoroscopy.
Predictors of long‐term outcomes greater than 10 years after cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation
Authors: Patel Divyang , Trulock Kevin M. , Moennich Laurie Ann , Kiehl Erich L. , Kumar Anirudh , Toro Saleem , Donnellan Eoin , Grimaldi Adam , Baranowski Bryan , Hussein Ayman A. , Tarakji Khaldoun G. , Cantillon Daniel J. , Niebauer Mark , Wazni Oussama M. , Varma Niraj , Wilkoff Bruce L. , Rickard John W. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is indicated in patients with medically refractory heart failure and wide QRS duration. While much is known about predictors of left ventricular (LV) remodeling after CRT implantation and short‐term mortality, limited data exist on long‐term outcomes after CRT placement.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all patients undergoing CRT implantation at our center between 2003 and 2008 and examined mortality using institutional electronic records, social security death index, and online obituary search. We included only patients with preimplant echoes with LV ejection fraction (LVEF) 35% or below. Variable selection was performed using stepwise regression and models were compared using goodness‐of‐fit criteria. A final model was validated with the bootstrap regression method.ResultsOut of the 877 CRT patients undergoing implantation during this time, 287 (32.7%) survived longer than 10 years. Significant (P < .05) predictors of survival in our multivariate model were age, left ventricular diastolic diameter, sex, presence of nonischemic vs ischemic cardiomyopathy, QRS duration, atrial fibrillation, BNP levels, and creatinine levels at the time of CRT implantation. A model using the odds ratios from these variables had a receiver operating curve with an area under the curve score of 0.816 (standard error, 0.019) at predicting survival or freedom from LVAD or heart transplant for longer than 10 years after CRT implantation. The specificity for factors 3 or above and 5 or above was 68% and 77%, respectively.ConclusionA large proportion of patients are still alive 10 years after CRT implantation. Variables at the time of CRT implant can help provide prognostic information to patients and electrophysiologists to determine the long‐term benefit and survival of patients after CRT implantation.
Hedgehog signalling mediates drug resistance through targeting TAP1 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Xiao‐Tian , Ding Jia , Li Hui‐Yan , Zuo Jie‐Liang , Ge Sheng‐Yang , Jia Hu‐Liang , Wu Jian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMultidrug resistance is one of the reasons for low survival of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous studies indicate that the hedgehog signalling is involved in hepatic carcinogenesis, metastasis and chemo‐resistance. The present study aims to uncover molecular mechanisms underlying hepatoma chemo‐resistance. TAP1 and GLI1/2 gene expression was assessed in both poorly differentiated hepatoma cells and HCC specimens. Potential GLI‐binding site in the TAP1 promoter sequence was validated by molecular assays. Approximately 75% HCC specimens exhibited an elevated expression of hedgehog GLI1 transcription factor compared with adjacent liver tissue. Both GLI1/2 and TAP1 protein levels were significantly elevated in poorly differentiated hepatoma cells. Both Huh‐7‐trans and Huh‐7‐DN displayed more karyotypic abnormalities and differential gene expression profiles than their native Huh‐7 cells. Sensitivity to Sorafenib, doxorubicin and cisplatin was remarkably improved after either GLI1 or TAP1 gene was inhibited by an RNAi approach or by a specific GLI1/2 inhibitor, GANT61. Further experiments confirmed that hedgehog transcription factor GLI1/2 binds to the TAP1 promoter, indicating that TAP1 is one of GLI1/2 target genes. In conclusion, TAP1 is under direct transcriptional control of the hedgehog signalling. Targeting hedgehog signalling confers a novel insight into alleviating drug resistance in the treatment of refractory HCC.
The effect of the systemic folic acid intake as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on clinical parameters and homocysteine and C‐reactive protein levels in gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis patients: A randomized placebo‐controlled clinical trial
Authors: Keceli H. Gencay , Ercan Nuray , Karsiyaka Hendek Meltem , Kisa Ucler , Mesut Burcu , Olgun Ebru 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate clinical and biochemical effects of adjunctive systemic folic acid (FA) intake with scaling and root planing (SRP) in periodontitis treatment.Materials and methodsSixty periodontitis subjects (30 per group) were randomly assigned into study groups and treated with either SRP + placebo (SRP + P) or SRP + folic acid (SRP + F). In addition to clinical parameters (plaque index [PI], gingival index [GI], probing pocket depth [PPD], clinical attachment level [CAL] and gingival recession [GR]), gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were obtained at baseline and post‐treatment (PT) periods (one (PT‐1), three (PT‐3) and six (PT‐6) months) for C‐reactive protein (CRP) and homocysteine (Hcy) evaluation.ResultsSignificant time‐dependent reduction was detected at all clinical parameters for both groups (p < .001). Compared to SRP + P, CAL was lower in SRP + F at PT‐1 (p = .004) and PT‐3 (p = .035), whereas GR was lower at only PT‐1 (p = .015). GCF volume and CRP did not show inter‐group differences, whereas Hcy was higher in SRP + F at PT‐3 (p = .044) and PT‐6 (p = .041). GCF volume and Hcy showed reduction after treatment in both groups (p < .001).ConclusionBoth modalities exhibited clinical improvement and change in biochemical parameters. Adjunctive systemic FA intake may be recommended adjunctive to periodontitis treatment to reveal better outcomes. However, its impact mechanisms should be further enlightened.
Crowdsourcing and interactive modelling for urban flood management
Authors: Gebremedhin Eskedar T. , Basco‐Carrera Laura , Jonoski Andreja , Iliffe Mark , Winsemius Hessel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractParticipatory modelling has become a growing concept in environmental modelling, as it allows stakeholders to be involved in various stages of model development. The majority of studies, however, have focused on the participation during model use for scenario analysis and strategy evaluation after the model has been developed. Large‐scale community mapping efforts create new opportunities to establish, detail and improve flood models at the development stage by working together with local stakeholders. In this article, we propose a novel participatory modelling and mapping approach. It builds on the community mapping projects across the most vulnerable wards in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, which uses OpenStreetMap as a data platform. The approach consists of community mapping, an automated flood inundation model development and facilitation of stakeholder involvement. The participation of stakeholders in data collection helped achieving a more accurate flood model. The participatory modelling approach made participants aware of the skills necessary to develop an urban flood model with OpenStreetMap, necessary for creating a resilient society. The level of improvement obtained through the applied participatory modelling and mapping approach demonstrates its value in hydrodynamic model development and its potential for application in data scarce areas prone to urban floods.
Rheological study of tannin and protein interactions based on model systems
Authors: Brossard Natalia , Bordeu Edmundo , Ibáñez Rodrigo A. , Chen Jianshe , Osorio Fernando 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe interaction between wine tannins and saliva proteins is responsible for wine astringency perception, producing a depletion of salivary proteins and changes on oral friction. In sensorial terms, astringency is described as a dryness and puckering sensation in the mouth, which is related to the “structure” or “body” of red wines. However, these last descriptors, as structure or body, are perceived during wine tasting and commonly related to wine viscosity. To address these differences on sensory response, we hypothesize that tannin–protein interactions could be a key factor involved in the viscosity of red wines/saliva mixtures, just as they are for astringency. We used a rheological method to study the impact of tannin–protein interaction on the viscosity of model wine‐saliva systems. Mixtures of model saliva based on mucin and typical astringent compounds, as commercial tannins and gallic acid, were evaluated for their rheological behavior. The viscometric flow of the fluid mixtures was determined, and subsequently, the viscosity was evaluated at a shear rate of 60 s−1. It was observed that red wines/saliva mixtures exhibit non‐Newtonian flow and ascending tannin doses led to an increase in the apparent viscosity. Nephelometric analysis demonstrate that tannin‐mucin aggregates were formed, which suggests that these complexes were potentially responsible for the viscosity increases, modifying the rheological behavior of these mixtures. Results from this work propose that tannin–protein interactions are also involved in the underlying mechanism of thickness perception of red wines and rheology could be a complementary instrumental technique for wine mouthfeel characterization.