bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Cell-Mediated Immunity in the Recovery of Cattle from Primary and Recurrent Infections with Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis Virus
Authors: Davies D. H. , Carmichael L. E. 
Published: January 2020

When cattle infected with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) were treated 3 months later with a synthetic corticosteroid, consistent recrudescence of the infection was observed. Suppression of cell-mediated immunity, as measured by lymphocyte transformation responses, could be demonstrated at the time of recrudescence. Treatment with adrenocorticotropic hormone and trigeminal neurotomy also resulted in recrudescence of IBRV, but immunosuppression was not detected in these animals. The detection of specific, antigen-induced, lymphocyte transformation responses at the time of recovery from both primary and recurrent infections suggests that cell-mediated immunity may be important in determining the duration and severity of the recurrent infection. However, immunosuppression may not be the direct mechanism of recrudescence.
Lesions were not observed in untreated animals, and virus could not be detected in either tissues or secretions. However, both lesions and virus were found consistently after corticosteroid treatment.
STAPHYLOCOCCAL MULLER PHENOMENON: RELATIONSHIP TO THE PLASMINOGEN-PLASMIN SYSTEM
Authors: Quie Paul G. , Wannamaker Lewis W. 
Published: January 2020

Quie, Paul
G. (University of Minnesota, Minneapolis)
and Lewis W. Wannamaker
. Staphylococcal Muller phenomenon: relationship to the plasminogen-plasmin system. J. Bacteriol.
82:
770–783. 1961.—The staphylococcal factor that produces particulate proteolysis (Muller phenomenon) in whole blood or hemoglobinserum agar plates has been obtained in supernatants from broth cultures. This has facilitated study of the phenomenon in a sterile system. The bacterial factor has been partially separated from other extracellular products by starch zone electrophoresis.

Staphylococcal Muller factor and staphylokinase are similar in heat stability, in electrophoretic mobility, and in activation of a serum proteolytic system. A relationship of the Muller phenomenon to the plasminogen-plasmin system is also suggested by the observation that purified plasminogen may be substituted for serum in the sterile system, and by the finding that inhibitors of the plasminogen-plasmin system also inhibit the Muller phenomenon. Although growing colonies of streptococci fail to exhibit the Muller phenomenon, particulate proteolysis can be demonstrated with streptokinase, using a double-diffusion technique. A similar phenomenon can be produced with urine, suggesting that urokinase may substitute for the bacterial activators in the Muller phenomenon.
Although evidence from other sources suggests that the serum Muller factor is particulate, the serum factor appears to be freely diffusible in agar and is not readily sedimented in the ultracentrifuge.
Developmental dysplasia of the hip in preterm breech infants
Authors: Hegde Deeparaj , Powers Neil , Nathan Elizabeth A , Rakshasbhuvankar Abhijeet Anant 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundWhether preterm infants born with breech presentation are at similar risk of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) as the term breech infants is not known. The information will be vital for DDH screening guidelines.MethodsA retrospective audit of infants born in the breech position was performed to compare the incidence of DDH in the following gestational age groups: 23–27, 28–31, 32–36 and ≥37 weeks.ResultsA total of 1144 neonates were included in the study. The incidence of DDH did not differ between the groups (11.6%, 9.4%, 13.6% and 11.5%, in 23–27, 28–31, 32–36 and ≥37 weeks, respectively, p=0.40). Sixty infants required intervention for DDH. Multiple logistic regression after correcting for potential confounders showed that gestational age group did not influence the risk of DDH, and requirement of therapy.ConclusionPreterm infants born with breech presentation appear to have a similar incidence of DDH to term breech infants.
Adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of later-onset Crohn’s disease: results from two large prospective cohort studies
Authors: Khalili Hamed , Håkansson Niclas , Chan Simon S , Chen Ye , Lochhead Paul , Ludvigsson Jonas F , Chan Andrew T , Hart Andrew R , Olén Ola , Wolk Alicja 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between Mediterranean diet and risk of later-onset Crohn’s disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC).DesignWe conducted a prospective cohort study of 83 147 participants (age range: 45–79 years) enrolled in the Cohort of Swedish Men and Swedish Mammography Cohort. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to calculate an adherence score to a modified Mediterranean diet (mMED) at baseline in 1997. Incident diagnoses of CD and UC were ascertained from the Swedish Patient Register. We used Cox proportional hazards modelling to calculate HRs and 95% CI.ResultsThrough December of 2017, we confirmed 164 incident cases of CD and 395 incident cases of UC with an average follow-up of 17 years. Higher mMED score was associated with a lower risk of CD (Ptrend=0.03) but not UC (Ptrend=0.61). Compared with participants in the lowest category of mMED score (0–2), there was a statistically significant lower risk of CD (HR=0.42, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.80) but not UC (HR=1.08, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.58). These associations were not modified by age, sex, education level, body mass index or smoking (all Pinteraction>0.30). The prevalence of poor adherence to a Mediterranean diet (mMED score=0–2) was 27% in our cohorts, conferring a population attributable risk of 12% for later-onset CD.ConclusionIn two prospective studies, greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet was associated with a significantly lower risk of later-onset CD.
Role of distal cerebral vasculature in vessel constriction after aneurysm treatment with flow diverter stents
Authors: Narata Ana Paula , Moura Fernando , Larrabide Ignacio , Chapot René , Cognard Christophe , Januel Anne-Christine , Velasco Stéphane , Bouakaz Ayache , Patat Frederic , Marzo Alberto 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundTreatment of intracranial aneurysms with flow diverter stent (FDS) procedures can lead to caliber changes of jailed vessels. The reason some branches remain unchanged and others are affected by narrowing remains unknown.ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of resistance to flow from distal vasculature on stent-induced hemodynamic modifications affecting bifurcating vessels.Materials and methodsRadiological images and demographic data were acquired for 142 aneurysms treated with a FDS. Vascular resistance was estimated from patient-specific anatomic data. Correlation analysis was used to identify correspondence between anatomic data and clinical outcome. Computational Fluid Dynamics was performed on a typical patient-specific model to evaluate the influence of FDS on flow. Relevant hemodynamic variables along the bifurcating vessels were quantitatively analyzed and validated with in vitro data obtained using power Doppler ultrasound.ResultsStatistical analysis showed a correlation between clinical outcome and FDS resistance to flow considering overall jailed vessel vascular resistance (r=0.5, P<0.001). Computational predictions of blood flow showed that hemodynamics is minimally affected by FDS treatment in the ophthalmic artery.ConclusionsJailed vessels are affected by narrowing when resistance to flow from the FDS constitutes a larger proportion of the overall vessel resistance to flow. This knowledge may contribute to better understanding of intracranial hemodynamics after a FDS procedure and reinforce indications for flow diversion in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms.
Development of an in vitro model of calcified cerebral emboli in acute ischemic stroke for mechanical thrombectomy evaluation
Authors: Johnson Sarah , McCarthy Ray , Fahy Brian , Mereuta Oana Madalina , Fitzgerald Seán , Gaudirc Julien , Remadi Jean-Paul , Shotar Eimad , Sourour Nader-Antoine , Doyle Karen , Gilvarry Michael , McGarry Patrick , McHugh Peter E , Clarençon Frédéric 
Published: January 2020

​BackgroundCalcified cerebral emboli (CCEs) are a rare cause of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and are frequently associated with poor outcomes. The presence of dense calcified material enables reliable identification of CCEs using non-contrast CT. However, recanalization rates with the available mechanical thrombectomy (MT) devices remain low.ObjectiveTo recreate a large vessel occlusion involving a CCE using an in vitro silicone model of the intracranial vessels and to demonstrate the feasability of this model to test different endovascular strategies to recanalize an occlusion of the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA).​MethodsAn in vitro model was developed to evaluate different endovascular treatment approaches using contemporary devices in the M1 segment of the MCA. The in vitro model consisted of a CCE analog placed in a silicone neurovascular model. Development of an appropriate CCE analog was based on characterization of human calcified tissues that represent likely sources of CCEs. Feasibility of the model was demonstrated in a small number of MT devices using four common procedural techniques.​ResultsCCE analogs were developed with similar mechanical behavior to that of ex vivo calcified material. The in vitro model was evaluated with various MT techniques and devices to show feasibility of the model. In this limited evaluation, the most successful retrieval approach was performed with a stent retriever combined with local aspiration through a distal access catheter, and importantly, with flow arrest and dual aspiration using a balloon guide catheter.​ConclusionCharacterization of calcified tissues, which are likely sources of CCEs, has shown that CCEs are considerably stiffer than thrombus. This highlights the need for a different in vitro AIS model for CCEs than those used for thromboemboli. Consequentially, an in vitro AIS model representative of a CCE occlusion in the M1 segment of the MCA has been developed.
Comparing paracetamol/codeine and meloxicam for postoperative analgesia in dogs: a non‐inferiority trial
Authors: Pacheco Mariana , Knowles Toby G , Hunt James , Slingsby Louisa S , Taylor Polly M , Murrell Joanna C 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThere are limited published data on the analgesic efficacy of paracetamol/codeine in dogs.MethodsProspective, randomised, blinded, positive‐controlled clinical trial with 70 dogs (paracetamol/codeine, n=46; meloxicam, n=24) undergoing surgery. Drugs were administered orally 2 hours before and for 48 hours after surgery at the licensed dose. Anaesthesia was standardised. Dogs received buprenorphine 6 hourly for the first 24 hours after surgery. Outcome assessments were made pretrial and at regular intervals up to 48 hours after extubation and comprised the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Score‐Short Form, visual analogue scale for sedation and inflammation and mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT). Non‐inferiority of paracetamol/codeine compared with meloxicam was defined using a non‐inferiority margin (Δ) against the 95 per cent confidence interval of the difference between the treatment means.ResultsPain scores were low in both treatment groups. With the exception of MNT all upper 95 per cent confidence intervals for the differences between outcome variable treatment means were within +Δ for each variable, establishing non‐inferiority for each outcome variable.ConclusionsParacetamol/codeine is a useful perioperative analgesic that within the context of the perioperative analgesia regimen studied (methadone premedication, buprenorphine for the first 24 hours after surgery) shows non‐inferiority to the NSAID meloxicam.
New physics with boosted single top production at the LHC and future colliders
Authors: Aguilar–Saavedra J. A. , Mangano M. L. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe address the potential of measurements with boosted single-top final states at the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and possible future hadron colliders: the high-energy LHC (HE-LHC), and the future circular collider (FCC). As new physics examples to assess the potential, we consider the search for tbW anomalous couplings and for a weakly-coupled $$W'$$W′ boson. The FCC would improve by a factor of two the sensitivity to anomalous couplings of the HL-LHC. For $$W'$$W′ bosons, the FCC is sensitive to $$W'$$W′ couplings 2–5 times smaller than the HL-LHC in the mass range 2–4 TeV, and to masses up to 30 TeV in the case of Standard Model-like couplings.
Between health and pleasure
Authors: Piñer Hélène Jawhara 
Published: January 2020

Between pleasure and health, why should we have to choose?

Though this combination did not mainly concern the culinary tradition of the Christian Middle Ages, on the other hand, it fits fully into an Arabic tradition of both East and West of the said period.
In the late Middle Ages under Islamic domination, doctors, agronomists or botanists, offer –through multiple medical treatises on food or agriculture–, culinary recipes good for health. Thus, for Ibn Rush, Ibn Rāzī, Avicenne or Maimonides –as for many others scholars–, foodstuffs play a key role in its benefits for health. In this way, cookbooks occupy pride of place in this alliance between health and cooking. Therefore, the culinary recipes of half a dozen cookbooks of the Muslim Middle East dating back to the 10th-14th centuries, suggest this combination: listen to your body, take pleasure when you eat, do it according to your health and eat in a measured way. Cookbooks of the Iberian Peninsula written in Arabic in the Dar al-Islam testify to the transmission –from the Muslim Middle East– of the medico-culinary tradition based on humoral theory and culinary practices.
This paper will focus on the place occupied by dietetic in the first known cookbook of the Iberian Peninsula: the Kitāb al-ṭabīẖ [The cookbook]. Its anonymous author quote Galen and Hippocrates that, therefore, inscribes the Kitāb al-ṭabīẖ in the influence of the Greek dietetic tradition. Furthermore, the knowledge of the anonymous author concerning medicine, dietetic, and cuisine is undeniable.
Through half a thousand recipes, I will first present a reflection on this source commonly named “The Cookbook”, and then underscore the proportion of dishes containing medical recommendations. Then I will offer an approach to frequently used foodstuffs in the recipes where health seems to take precedence over the pleasure of eating the dish. Curing the illness, avoiding it, take pleasure, what is the goal of the culinary recipes? Thus, the aim is to identify both the most common dietetics recommendations and the disease that seem the most important to avoid. Finally, I will provide a glimpse of one of the most characteristic culinary recipes of this alliance health/pleasure that can offer the Andalusian cookbook. A brief reflection can be conducted on the current phenomenon that shows the willingness to return to healthy food which recommendations can be found in the cookbooks dating from the Middle Ages.
A cozinha caipira na obra de Cornélio Pires
Authors: Matos Maria Izilda Santos de 
Published: January 2020

Inserida numa perspectiva da história cultural, esta investigação focaliza as polêmicas em torno da construção cultural do caipira e da cozinha caipira, para tanto privilegia-se a produção de Cornélio Pires, considerado como porta-voz desta cultura.
A cultura caipira é aqui identificada como modo de ser e de viver do homem do campo nas áreas do Vale do Paraíba (Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo), se estendendo pelo oeste do estado de São Paulo (Piracicaba, Tietê, Pirapora), e, por um processo de circularidade cultural, atingindo o sul de Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso e norte do Paraná.
Alimentar-se é uma necessidade fisiológica, um imperativo biológico que atende às necessidades de sobrevivência, mas não se come apenas para saciar a fome e se nutrir, também para saborear, por prazer e envolve construções simbólicas e culturais. As pessoas se reúnem à mesa para além de se alimentar, para se sociabilizar, conversar, comungar crenças, compartilhar sonhos, memórias e valores.
Tendo isso como norte, pretende-se focalizar gostos, hábitos, práticas e tradições alimentares dos caipiras, a partir da análise da produção de Cornélio Pires (publicações, composições, registros sonoros, espetáculos, ações de divulgação), que se tornam documentos com grande potencial para levantar questões sobre esta temática.
The Impact of Sea Surface Temperature Biases on North American Precipitation in a High-Resolution Climate Model
Authors: Johnson Nathaniel C. , Krishnamurthy Lakshmi , Wittenberg Andrew T. , Xiang Baoqiang , Vecchi Gabriel A. , Kapnick Sarah B. , Pascale Salvatore 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPositive precipitation biases over western North America have remained a pervasive problem in the current generation of coupled global climate models. These biases are substantially reduced, however, in a version of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Forecast-Oriented Low Ocean Resolution (FLOR) coupled climate model with systematic sea surface temperature (SST) biases artificially corrected through flux adjustment. This study examines how the SST biases in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans contribute to the North American precipitation biases. Experiments with the FLOR model in which SST biases are removed in the Atlantic and Pacific are carried out to determine the contribution of SST errors in each basin to precipitation statistics over North America. Tropical and North Pacific SST biases have a strong impact on northern North American precipitation, while tropical Atlantic SST biases have a dominant impact on precipitation biases in southern North America, including the western United States. Most notably, negative SST biases in the tropical Atlantic in boreal winter induce an anomalously strong Aleutian low and a southward bias in the North Pacific storm track. In boreal summer, the negative SST biases induce a strengthened North Atlantic subtropical high and Great Plains low-level jet. Each of these impacts contributes to positive annual mean precipitation biases over western North America. Both North Pacific and North Atlantic SST biases induce SST biases in remote basins through dynamical pathways, so a complete attribution of the effects of SST biases on precipitation must account for both the local and remote impacts.
Endovascular aneurysm sealing as an alternative for the treatment of failed endovascular aneurysm repair
Authors: Lareyre Fabien , Mialhe Claude , Dommerc Carine , Mbeutcha Aurélie , Raffort Juliette 
Published: January 2020

Objective The Nellix EndoVascular Aneurysm Sealing (EVAS) system has offered a novel approach in the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). While it is currently indicated as a primary procedure in patients with infrarenal AAA with suitable anatomy according to the indications for use, a few studies aimed to address its potential interest in failed endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). The aim of this systematic review was to analyze the postoperative outcomes of patients with prior EVAR who underwent EVAS. Design of the study A literature search was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines in May 2019 and included patients with prior EVAR who underwent EVAS. The publications had to report at least one of the basic postoperative outcomes (technical success rate, all-cause complications, mortality, length of in-hospital stay, length of stay in intensive care unit, the need of re-intervention). Results Eleven studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, for a total of 46 patients. EVAS was used to treat endoleaks in 45 cases (97.8%): 29 type Ia endoleaks (63%), 6 type IIIa endoleaks (13%), and 10 type IIIb endoleaks (21.7%). Standard EVAS procedure was performed in 21 patients (45.7%), and 25 patients (54.3%) had chimney-EVAS. The technical success was achieved in all the studies. Two patients (4.9%) died during the 30-day postoperative period, but no aneurysm-related mortality was reported. The presence of endoleaks was reported in five patients (9.8%) during the follow-up. Conclusion The results suggest the safety and the efficiency of EVAS in the treatment of complications following EVAR including type Ia, type IIIa, and type IIIb endoleaks. Further studies on larger cohorts and longer follow-up periods are required to confirm the interest of EVAS in the endovascular management of failed EVAR.
Association Between Smell, Taste, and Depression in Nationally Representative Sample of Older Adults in the United States
Authors: Qazi Jamiluddin J. , Wilson James H. , Payne Spencer C. , Mattos Jose L. 
Published: January 2020

Objectives To characterize the association between quantitative olfactory dysfunction (OD) and gustatory dysfunction and depression in older adults. Methods The 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data were used to investigate the relationship between smell and taste dysfunction and depression. Adults aged 65 years and older were included in the analysis. For smell status, subjects were divided into hyposmia, anosmia, and OD (hyposmia + anosmia) using the Pocket Smell Test. For taste status, subjects were evaluated using quinine, 1M NaCl, and 0.32M NaCl solutions. Indicator variables were made for subjects with both smell and taste dysfunction to determine whether a combination of symptoms could predict depression. Depression status was evaluated by the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire using accepted cutoff values. Relevant demographic, socioeconomic, and comorbid factors were included in multivariate logistic regression models, which accounted for the complex survey design of NHANES. Results A total of 931 subjects aged 65 years or older were included in the weighted analysis. Anosmia significantly predicted depressive symptoms in multivariate analysis (odds ratio [OR] = 2.484, P = .032) but not univariate. In univariate analysis, hyposmia + anosmia (OR = 2.193, P = .006) and hyposmia (OR = 2.512, P < .001) significantly predicted depression. Significance was lost in multivariate analysis. Conclusions Smell dysfunction is an independent predictor of depressive symptoms in a representative sample of older adults in the United States after adjusting for relevant demographic factors and comorbidities.
How I treat adults with advanced acute lymphoblastic leukemia eligible for CD19-targeted immunotherapy
Authors: Aldoss Ibrahim , Forman Stephen J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCD19-targeted immunotherapies have drastically improved outcomes for relapsed/refractory (r/r) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. Such therapies, including blinatumomab and CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CD19CAR) T cells, yield high remission rates and can bridge to more definitive consolidation therapy with curative intent. Both treatments are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for r/r ALL (CD19CAR T-cell approval is restricted to patients ≤25 years old). Although availability of blinatumomab and CD19CAR T cells has extended options for the treatment of r/r ALL, prioritizing the sequence of these agents on an individual-patient basis may be difficult for the treating physician. Considering each therapy’s advantages, limitations, and challenges is necessary when choosing between them. Although patients may receive both blinatumomab and CD19CAR T cells sequentially in cases that fail to respond or subsequently relapse, a proportion of patients treated with CD19-targeted immunotherapy will lose expression of CD19 and will be excluded from receiving the alternative CD19-targeted therapy. Thus, weighing all considerations for each patient before selecting a CD19-targeted immunotherapy is crucial. Here, we discuss real-life scenarios of adults with r/r ALL, in which we selected either blinatumomab or CD19CAR T-cell therapy, and the rationale behind each decision.