bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful surgical management of an Escherichia coli epidural–subdural abscess secondary to sino‐rhinotomy
Authors: Simlett‐Moss Angharad B. , Freeman Alistair , McConnell Fraser J. , Coe Richard , Sanchez‐Masian Daniel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo describe a case of successful management of epidural–subdural abscess and severe meningitis with secondary brain herniation in a dog.Case SummaryA rhino‐sinusotomy was performed in a 3‐year‐old mixed‐breed dog for management of refractory sinonasal aspergillosis. Initial recovery was good, but the dog became acutely stuporous 36 hours after surgery. Evidence of increased intracranial pressure with brain herniation and midline shift secondary to an epidural abscess was observed on magnetic resonance imaging. Decompressive craniectomy and drainage of the abscess was performed. Intensive nursing care and physiologic support was performed with consciousness returning 7 days after initial stupor. The dog was discharged 14 days after craniectomy and was ambulatory with support.New/Unique Information ProvidedIntracranial abscesses are rarely described in dogs and few had a successful outcome reported. All previous reports have been of brain abscesses or empyema, rather than a combination of epidural and subdural abscessation. Additionally, the process of sino‐rhinotomy for management of aspergillosis has not been previously linked to intracranial abscess formation. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of successful management of an epidural–subdural abscess and suggests that even with cases with low modified Glasgow Coma Scale scores outcome may be positive.
Early increase in anti-inflammatory biomarkers is associated with the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in severely injured trauma patients
Authors: Kleinveld Derek JB , Tuip-de Boer Anita M , Hollmann Markus W , Juffermans Nicole P 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundAs a result of improvements in the early resuscitation phase of trauma, mortality is largely driven by later mortality due to multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), which may be mediated by an early overdrive in the host immune response. If patients at risk for MODS could be identified early, preventive treatment measures could be taken. The aim of this study is to investigate whether specific biomarkers are associated with MODS.MethodsMultiple trauma patients presenting to the Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, between 2012 and 2018 with an Injury Severity Score of 16 or higher were sampled on arrival at the emergency department. A wide variety of inflammatory cytokines, endothelial and lung-specific markers were determined. Comparisons were made between patients with and without MODS. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine associations between specific biomarkers and MODS. A p value of 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.ResultsIn total, 147 multiple trauma patients were included. Of these, 32 patients developed MODS (21.7%). Patients who developed MODS were more severely injured, had more traumatic brain injury and showed more deranged markers of coagulation when compared with patients without MODS. Overall, both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were higher in patients with MODS, indicative of a host immune reaction. In the multivariate analysis, the combination of anti-inflammatory proteins interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) (OR 1.27 (1.07–1.51), p=0.002) and Clara cell protein 16 (CC-16) (1.06 (1.01–1.05), p=0.031) was most strongly associated with the development MODS.ConclusionsIn trauma, anti-inflammatory proteins IL-1RA and CC-16 have the potential to early identify patients at risk for development of MODS. Further research is warranted to prospectively validate these results.Level of evidencePrognostic study, level III.
Healthy lifestyle moderates the relationship between cardiovascular disease with blood pressure, body composition, carotid intima-media thickness, and glycated hemoglobin among adults
Authors: Lima Tiago Rodrigues de , González-Chica David Alejandro , Moreno Yara Maria Franco , Silva Diego Augusto Santos 
Published: October 2019

We investigate whether the adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations (regular physical activity, healthy diet, reduced alcohol consumption, nonsmoking) moderates the relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors (obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension) with clinical variables among adults. This cross-sectional population-based study comprised 862 adults (39.3 ± 11.4 years, 46.4% men) from Florianópolis, Brazil. Clinical variables were systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), percentage of body fat, muscular strength, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), high sensitive C-reactive protein, and lipid and glucose metabolism markers. Multiple linear regression adjusted for confounding factors was used. Reduced IMT and HbA1c were observed in males with CVD or its risk factors who adopted healthy lifestyle recommendations (p < 0.001), and lower SBP levels were observed in females without CVD or its risk factors (p = 0.034). Females with CVD or its risk factors who followed healthy lifestyle recommendations showed higher BMI (p = 0.035). Adherence to number of healthy lifestyle recommendations moderated cardiovascular health in adults with CVD and without CVD. Novelty The adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations moderated the relationship between IMT and HbA1c with CVD or its risk factors among males. The lower values of SBP among females without CVD or its risk factors were moderated by the adherence to healthy lifestyle recommendations.
Tetraneutron condensation in neutron rich matter
Authors: Ivanytskyi O. , Ángeles Pérez-García M. , Albertus C. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract.
In this work we investigate the possible condensation of tetraneutron resonant states in the lower density neutron rich gas regions inside Neutron Stars (NSs). Using a relativistic density functional approach we characterize the system containing different hadronic species including, besides tetraneutrons, nucleons and a set of light clusters (3He, $ \alpha$α particles, deuterium and tritium). $ \sigma$σ, $ \omega$ω and $ \rho$ρ mesonic fields provide the interaction in the nuclear system. We study how the tetraneutron presence could significantly impact the nucleon pairing fractions and the distribution of baryonic charge among species. For this we assume that they can be thermodynamically produced in an equilibrated medium and scan a range of coupling strengths to the mesonic fields from prescriptions based on isospin symmetry arguments. We find that tetraneutrons may appear over a range of densities belonging to the outer NS crust carrying a sizable amount of baryonic charge thus depleting the nucleon pairing fractions.
Salient features of dressed elliptic string solutions on $$\mathbb {R}\times \hbox {S}^2$$
Authors: Katsinis Dimitrios , Mitsoulas Ioannis , Pastras Georgios 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
We study several physical aspects of the dressed elliptic strings propagating on $$\mathbb {R} \times \mathrm {S}^2$$R×S2 and of their counterparts in the Pohlmeyer reduced theory, i.e. the sine-Gordon equation. The solutions are divided into two wide classes; kinks which propagate on top of elliptic backgrounds and non-localised periodic disturbances of the latter. The former class of solutions obey a specific equation of state that is in principle experimentally verifiable in systems which realize the sine-Gordon equation. Among both of these classes, there appears to be a particular class of interest the closed dressed strings. They in turn form four distinct subclasses of solutions. One of those realizes instabilities of the seed elliptic solutions. The existence of such solutions depends on whether a superluminal kink with a specific velocity can propagate on the corresponding elliptic sine-Gordon solution. Unlike the elliptic strings, the dressed ones exhibit interactions among their spikes. These interactions preserve an appropriately defined turning number, which can be associated to the topological charge of the sine-Gordon counterpart. Finally, the dispersion relations of the dressed strings are studied. A qualitative difference between the two wide classes of dressed strings is discovered.
Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase 1 Polymorphisms and Venous Intimal Hyperplasia in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Wu Chih-Cheng , Hsieh Mu-Yang , Lee Chih-Kuo , Chuang Shao-Yuan , Chung Ming-Yi , Lin Chih-Ching 
Published: October 2019

<b><i>Background:</i></b> After angioplasty, veins are more prone to intimal hyperplasia than arteries. Veins tend to produce less nitric oxide (NO), which could lead to endothelial dysfunction. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthase and contributes to cardiovascular disease. In humans, dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) is the major enzyme for ADMA degradation. In this study, we aim to determine whether venous intimal hyperplasia in hemodialysis (HD) vascular access is influenced by common polymorphisms in the DDAH1 genes. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a prospective observational cohort study. A total of 473 HD patients referred for the angioplasty of vascular access were enrolled. There were 190 arteriovenous grafts (AVG) and 283 arteriovenous fistulas (AVF). The follow-up lasted for 2 years after the interventions. Seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DDAH1 were genotyped and ADMA were measured at baseline. The primary outcome was restenosis after angioplasty. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among the 7 SNPs, plasma ADMA levels were significantly different in DDAH1 rs233112 (GA + GG vs. AA, 0.86 ± 0.23 vs. 0.82 ± 0.19 μM, <i>p</i> = 0.03) and rs1498373 (CT + TT vs. CC, 0.87 ± 0.23 vs. 0.82 ± 0.20 μM, <i>p</i> = 0.02) genotypes. The AVF group with GG + GA genotype of rs233112 and CT + TT genotype of rs1498373 had higher risks of early restenosis at 3 months. In the AVG group, only GG + GA genotype of rs233112 was associated with early restenosis. A combined analysis of AVG and AVF groups showed that patients with rs233112 GA + GG genotype and rs1498373 CT + TT genotype had higher risks of early restenosis (both <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). The multivariate analysis results showed that the association of these genotypes with early restenosis is independent of clinical, access, or biochemical factors. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our findings suggest that certain DDAH1 polymorphisms modulate circulating ADMA levels and are associated with venous intimal hyperplasia.
ГЛОБАЛЬНІ ВИКЛИКИ ДЛЯ ЗДОРОВ’Я. ЯК ЗМІНЮВАТИМУТЬСЯ ПІДХОДИ ДО ФОРМУВАННЯ ПОЛІТИКИ ЗДОРОВ’Я ЧЕРЕЗ ПРИЗМУ РЕФОРМИ МЕХАНІЗМУ ОПЛАТИ ПРАЦІ СІМЕЙНИХ ЛІКАРІВ
Authors: Lytvynova O. N. , Yuriiv K. Yu. , Petrashyk Y. M. 
Published: October 2019

Мета: показати пряму залежність в підходах до формування політики здоровʼя від фінансової складової на рівні первинної медичної допомоги.
Матеріали і методи. Використовуючи методи системного аналізу проаналізовано механізми реалізації державної політики охорони здоровʼя через призму реформи механізму оплати праці сімейних лікарів.
Результати. У статті на основі критичного вивчення та аналізу законодавчої бази показано особливості фінансування первинної ланки медичної допомоги. Виділено окремі моменти діяльності сімейних лікарів, які потенційно можуть впливати на стан здоровʼя населення і особливо чутливі до фінансових змін системи. Показано конкурентне середовище у відносинах між державними та приватними закладами, що надаватимуть первинну медико-санітарну допомогу (ПМСД) в Україні, впливають на стан громадського здоровʼя та роль фінансів у розвитку цих стосунків. Запропоновано шляхи стимулювання зацікавлення сімейних лікарів у розвитку превентивних заходів у ракурсі громадського здоровʼя.
Висновки. Показано, що ключовою функціональною одиницею ПМСД на сьогодні є сімейний лікар, а гарантом забезпечення охорони здоровʼя та надання медичної допомоги населенню – головний лікар центру ПМСД. Саме на нього покладено налагодження системи надання допомоги, оснащення закладу, забезпечення сервісних умов для пацієнтів та сімейних лікарів.
ПРОБЛЕМНІ АСПЕКТИ ФОРМУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ ГРОМАДСЬКОГО ЗДОРОВ’Я В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Slobodian N. O. 
Published: October 2019

Мета: виявити проблемні аспекти формування системи громадського здоров’я, проаналізувати сучасний стан розвитку та визначити основні пріоритети у сфері громадського здоров’я.
Матеріали і методи. У дослідженні використано методи аналізу, синтезу та дедукції для виявлення особливостей системи громадського здоров’я в Україні та встановлення цільових орієнтирів щодо здоров’я населення.
Результати. Розглянуто основні проблеми у сфері громадського здоров’я. Система громадського здоров’я як основа профілактичної медицини повинна передбачати основні заходи у сфері охорони здоров’я та бути спрямованою на збереження здоров’я населення і зменшення обсягу витрат на медичне обслуговування.
Існуючі в Україні на сьогодні елементи системи громадського здоров’я діють незлагоджено та потребують оптимізації існуючих ресурсів та суттєвого збільшення ефективності управління ними. Заходи щодо реформування системи охорони здоров’я тільки поглибили кризу профілактичної медицини. Причинами ситуації, яка склалася із станом здоров’я населення, є соціально-економічна криза, несприятлива екологічна ситуація, нездорове харчування, недостатні фізичні навантаження, високий рівень поширеності тютюнокуріння, вживання алкоголю та наркотичних засобів.
Концепція громадського здоров’я в Україні передбачає розвиток регіональних систем громадського здоров’я – створення центрів громадського здоров’я в кожній області. Саме ця нова інституція має стати регіональним координатором заходів громадського здоров’я, бути гнучкою та спроможною в боротьбі як з інфекційними, так і неінфекційними захворюваннями, спрямованою на зміцнення, захист та збереження здоров’я населення, забезпечення визначення соціального детермінанта здоров’я та соціальної справедливості для узгодження дій в усіх секторах державного управління.
Висновки. Оскільки наявна система медичної допомоги в Україні фактично не передбачає профілактичної складової частини, то виникає необхідність визначення нових підходів та розроблення програм для розв’язання проблем у сфері громадського здоров’я і забезпечення функціонування Центру громадського здоров’я МОЗ України як координатора цих програм та проектів.
Deficiency of MicroRNA miR‐1954 Promotes Cardiac Remodeling and Fibrosis
Authors: Chiasson Valorie , Takano Ana Paula Cremasco , Guleria Rakeshwar S. , Gupta Sudhiranjan 
Published: October 2019

Background

Cardiac fibrosis occurs because of disruption of the extracellular matrix network leading to myocardial dysfunction. Angiotensin
II
(Ang
II
) has been implicated in the development of cardiac fibrosis. Recently, micro
RNA
s have been identified as an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in cardiac pathologies; however, the underlying mechanism of micro
RNA
s in cardiac fibrosis remains unclear. Next‐generation sequencing analysis identified a novel characterized microRNA, miR‐1954, that was significantly reduced in AngII‐infused mice. The finding led us to hypothesize that deficiency of miR‐1954 triggers cardiac fibrosis.

Methods and Results

A transgenic mouse was created using α‐MHC (α‐myosin heavy chain) promoter and was challenged with
AngII
infusion. AngII induced cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. The in vivo overexpression of miR‐1954 showed significant reduction in cardiac mass and blood pressure in AngII‐infused mice. Further analysis showed significant reduction in cardiac fibrotic genes, hypertrophy marker genes, and an inflammatory gene and restoration of a calcium‐regulated gene (Atp2a2 [ATPase sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transporting 2]; also known as
SERCA
2), but no changes were observed in apoptotic genes.
THBS
1 (thrombospondin 1) is indicated as a target gene for miR‐1954.

Conclusions

Our findings provide evidence, for the first time, that miR‐1954 plays a critical role in cardiac fibrosis by targeting
THBS
1. We conclude that promoting the level of miR‐1954 would be a promising strategy for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
Burl formation in mango (Mangifera indica): a neglected tumour disorder and the structure of its secondary xylem
Authors: Saran Parmeshwar L. , Patel Ravi S. , Meena Ram P. , Vasara Riddhi P. , Rajput Kishore S. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mango burl is an important disease affecting many mango plantations in India and causes great loss in yield and decrease of vigour. We carried out a diagnostic survey for burl disease (sometimes also referred to as crown gall) in different varieties of mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae) throughout India during 2015 and 2016. More than 500 mango genotypes were screened for disease susceptibility and more than twenty-three mango genotypes in different parts of India were found susceptible to this disease. Burls initiate as small tumorous growths and become more pronounced as warty outgrowths with the increasing age of the individual tree. Samples of burl were collected from all popular varieties from different parts of the country and subjected to histological investigations.
The present study confirms that mango burl disease is caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens using evidence from the “carrot assay” and molecular identification of the presumed causal organism. The latter was isolated and inoculated on carrot disks to induce typical symptoms.
The xylem of the burl tissue was deformed and showed no specific orientation of the wood cells. Dimensional details and morphology of xylem cells vary at different positions within the burl. In a 10 cm diameter burl, the marginal portion showed xylem cells in circular arrangement. Vessel elements and fibres were very short while rays were relatively low and biseriate rays were observed rarely. Orientation of the xylem tissue was lost and all three plains (i.e. transverse, tangential and radial view) were observed in the same section. Cells from the middle portion of the burl were isodiametric, oval to circular, thick-walled and lignified, in morphology not dissimilar from callus tissue. Tyloses were common in all the cell types viz. fibres, ray cells, tracheids, axial parenchyma cells, and vessel elements.
Understanding the Atmospheric Temperature Adjustment to CO2 Perturbation at the Process Level
Authors: Wang Yuwei , Huang Yi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractClimate model comparisons show that there is considerable uncertainty in the atmospheric temperature response to CO2 perturbation. The uncertainty results from both the rapid adjustment that occurs before SST changes and the slow feedbacks that occur after SST changes. The analysis in this paper focuses on the rapid adjustment. We use a novel method to decompose the temperature change in AMIP-type climate simulation in order to understand the adjustment at the process level. We isolate the effects of different processes, including radiation, convection, and large-scale circulation in the temperature adjustment, through a set of numerical experiments using a hierarchy of climate models. We find that radiative adjustment triggers and largely controls the zonal mean atmospheric temperature response pattern. This pattern is characterized by stratospheric cooling, lower-tropospheric warming, and a warming center near the tropical tropopause. In contrast to conventional views, the warming center near the tropopause is found to be critically dependent on the shortwave absorption of CO2. The dynamical processes largely counteract the effect of the radiative process that increases the vertical temperature gradient in the free troposphere. The effect of local convection is to move atmospheric energy vertically, which cools the lower troposphere and warms the upper troposphere. The adjustment due to large-scale circulation further redistributes energy along the isentropic surfaces across the latitudes, which cools the low-latitude lower troposphere and warms the midlatitude upper troposphere and stratosphere. Our results highlight the importance of the radiative adjustment in the overall adjustment and provide a potential method to understand the spread in the models.
South American Climate during the Early Eocene: Impact of a Narrower Atlantic and Higher Atmospheric CO2
Authors: Liu Xiaojuan , Battisti David S. , White Rachel H. , Baker Paul A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe Cenozoic climate of tropical South America was fundamental to the development of its biota, the most biodiverse on Earth. No previous studies have explicitly addressed how the very different atmospheric composition and Atlantic geometry during the early Eocene (approximately 55 million years ago) may have affected South American climate. At that time, the Atlantic Ocean was approximately half of its current width and the CO2 concentration of Earth’s atmosphere ranged from ~550 to ~1500 ppm or even higher. Climate model simulations were performed to examine the effects of these major state changes on the climate of tropical South America. Reducing the width of the Atlantic by approximately half produces significant drying relative to modern climate. Drying is only partly offset by an enhancement of precipitation due to the higher CO2 of the early Eocene. The main mechanism for drier conditions is simple. Low-level air crosses the tropical Atlantic from North Africa in much less time for a narrower Atlantic (2 days) than for the modern Atlantic (~6 days); as a result, much less water is evaporated into the air and thus there is far lower moisture imported to the continent in the Eocene simulation than in the modern control. The progressive wetting (during the mid- to late Cenozoic) of the Amazon due to the widening Atlantic and the rising Andes, only partly offset by decreasing CO2 values, may have been partly responsible for the accumulating biodiversity of this region.
Preoperative imaging differences of patients with cervical spondylosis with cervical vertigo indicate the prognosis after cervical total disc replacement
Authors: Zheng Shan , Muheremu Aikeremujiang , Sun Yuqing , Tian Wei , Wu Cheng-ai 
Published: October 2019

Objective To evaluate the relationship between the preoperative imaging differences and prognosis in patients with cervical spondylosis with cervical vertigo who underwent total disc replacement (TDR). Methods This was a retrospective study of patients with cervical spondylosis with cervical vertigo treated with single-segment TDR. The severity of pre- and postoperative cervical vertigo was evaluated separately. Paired samples t-tests were used to compare the severity of the symptoms before and after surgery. Characteristics of plain films, computed tomography myelography and magnetic resonance imaging were compared between patients with different outcomes by analysis of variance and Fisher’s exact tests. Results The severity of cervical vertigo was significantly different after single-segment TDR. Three groups with different treatment outcomes were not significantly different with regard to gender, age, type of the cervical spondylosis, follow-up time, segment of surgery, cervical curve, range of motion, T2WI high signal in the spinal cord, and location of compression. The type of compression was significantly different between the three groups. Conclusions Cervical vertigo was improved in patients with cervical spondylosis through the TDR procedure. Those in whom a herniated disc was the main source of compression may have a better prognosis following TDR.