bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliable Computer Simulation Methods for Electrostatic Biomolecular Models Based on the Poisson–Boltzmann Equation
Authors: Kraus Johannes , Nakov Svetoslav , Repin Sergey 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe paper is concerned with the reliable numerical solution of a class of nonlinear interface problems governed by the Poisson–Boltzmann equation. Arising in electrostatic biomolecular models these problems typically contain measure-type source terms and their solution often exposes drastically different behaviour in different subdomains. The interface conditions reflect the requirement that the potential and its normal derivative must be continuous. In the first part of the paper, we discuss an appropriate weak formulation of the problem that guarantees existence and uniqueness of the generalized solution. In the context of the considered class of nonlinear equations, this question is not trivial and requires additional analysis, which is based on a special splitting of the problem into simpler subproblems whose weak solutions can be defined in standard Sobolev spaces. This splitting also suggests a rational numerical solution strategy and a way of deriving fully guaranteed error bounds. These bounds (error majorants) are derived for each subproblem separately and, finally, yield a fully computable majorant of the difference between the exact solution of the original problem and any energy-type approximation of it.The efficiency of the suggested computational method is verified in a series of numerical tests related to real-life biophysical systems.
Developing large-scale international ecological networks based on least-cost path analysis – a case study of Altai mountains
Authors: Wang Cuirong , Liu Huaxian 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHabitat fragmentation and loss of landscape connectivity have resulted in the degradation of natural ecosystem services. Identifying international transboundary ecological network is an integrated approach to maintain regional ecological sustainability. In this study, taking Altai Mountains as a case study area, we suggested a set of procedures to construct an ecological network. First, we identified ecological patches by evaluating the values of the protected area. Second, we generated resistance surfaces based on the land cover characteristics. Third, we integrated habitat patches and resistance surfaces to identify potential corridors using the least-cost path analysis. The ecological network we introduced consists of 22 patches, 65 potential ecological corridors, and 5 stepping-stones. Furthermore, 26 ecological fragmentation points were marked. We proposed to carry out efficient and effective international cooperation between China, Russia, Kazakhstan, and Mongolia. In addition, the installation of road-crossing structures should be taken into consideration to minimize the negative impacts of the road-related disturbances.
Hass avocado ripeness classification by mobile devices using digital image processing and ANN methods
Authors: Jaramillo-Acevedo César Augusto , Choque-Valderrama William Enrique , Guerrero-Álvarez Gloria Edith , Meneses-Escobar Carlos Augusto 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Proper farming, transportation, and storage processes of Hass avocado are important owing to its recent increase in production, export, and economic activity in Colombia. Since Hass avocado pricing and utility depend on its consumption ripeness, related to changes in skin color, sensory properties, texture, and nutritional value, developing an Android mobile application, namely iHass for smartphones and tablets, which estimates the number of days in which the Hass avocado reaches its optimal ripening level during post-harvest storage, contributes toward improving the fruit quality and decreasing the export costs and losses. This study aims to monitor the ripening processes of Hass avocados in complex backgrounds and indoor environments using various digital image processing techniques. The proposed study uses the red, green, and blue color model based on the physical and chemical changes that are observed during the ripening process. Herein, the color, shape, and texture characteristics of the fruits are obtained, and the fruits are classified using an artificial neural network, which features three layers, four input parameters, six hidden neurons, and four output parameters. Furthermore, ripeness was monitored in two crops, which provided 65 samples each. The results provided a ripeness estimate accuracy of 88% and a regression value of 0.819 during the post-harvest period.
Topological phases in ring resonators: recent progress and future prospects
Authors: Leykam Daniel , Yuan Luqi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTopological photonics has emerged as a novel paradigm for the design of electromagnetic systems from microwaves to nanophotonics. Studies to date have largely focused on the demonstration of fundamental concepts, such as nonreciprocity and waveguiding protected against fabrication disorder. Moving forward, there is a pressing need to identify applications where topological designs can lead to useful improvements in device performance. Here, we review applications of topological photonics to ring resonator–based systems, including one- and two-dimensional resonator arrays, and dynamically modulated resonators. We evaluate potential applications such as quantum light generation, disorder-robust delay lines, and optical isolation, as well as future research directions and open problems that need to be addressed.
Advances in the catalyst- and reagent-controlled site-divergent intermolecular functionalization of C(sp
3)–H bonds
Authors: Fawcett Alexander 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Intermolecular C(sp
3)–H bond functionalization reactions promise to revolutionize how we synthesize organic molecules by enabling the introduction of functionality at previously inert sites. However, one of the greatest challenges in this research field is site-selectivity, wherein chosen C(sp
3)–H bonds must be selectively functionalized and other C(sp
3)–H bonds with similar stereoelectronic properties must remain intact. To address this problem, chemists have developed methods that rely on targeting innately more reactive C(sp
3)–H bonds or on using pre-installed functional groups to direct a catalyst or reagent to a particular C(sp
3)–H bond. However, such approaches invariably have limited applicability because only a handful of innately reactive C(sp
3)–H bonds or those nearby certain functional groups can be functionalized with good site-selectivity. To overcome these limitations, chemists also have developed catalysts and reagents that control the site of C(sp
3)–H bond functionalization and have begun to unlock the potential of these reactions to achieve the site-divergent functionalization of C(sp
3)–H bonds, wherein the site of functionalization is changed by modulating the stereoelectronic properties of the catalyst or reagent. This short review will provide a summary of selected examples of catalyst- and reagent-controlled site-divergent intermolecular functionalization of C(sp
3)–H bonds, the factors responsible for modulating the site selectivity of these reactions, and will identify potential areas worthy of future research in this field.
Closed-form wave structures of the space-time fractional Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV equation with nonlinear physical phenomena
Authors: Alam Md Nur , Seadawy Aly R. , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present paper applies the variation of(G^{\prime} /G)-expansion method on the space-time fractional Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV equation with applications in physics. We employ the new approach to receive some closed form wave solutions for any nonlinear fractional ordinary differential equations. First, the fractional derivatives in this research are manifested in terms of Riemann–Liouville derivative. A complex fractional transformation is applied to transform the fractional-order ordinary and partial differential equation into the integer order ordinary differential equation. The reduced equations are then solved by the method. Some novel and more comprehensive solutions of these equations are successfully constructed. Besides, the intended approach is simplistic, conventional, and able to significantly reduce the size of computational work associated with other existing methods.
Orthoamide und Iminiumsalze, CI. Umsetzungen von N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylharnstoffdiethylacetal mit CH2-aciden Verbindungen
Authors: Kantlehner Willi , Heckel Birgit , Mezger Jochen 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylurea diethylacetal reacts with CH2-acidic compounds as benzylcyanide, cyanoacetic acid derivatives malonodinitrile and nitromethane to give ketene aminals or ketene-O,N-acetales. Low polar solvents favour mostly the formation of ketenaminals. The yields of ketenaminals and ketene-O,N-acetals can be improved in some cases by addition of trimethylsilyldimethylamine. The reactions of the urea acetal with diethylmalonate, ore acetyl acetone, stops at the stage of the N,N′,N″-permethylated guanidinium salts with carbanionic counterions. The formation of bis(dimethylamino)methylene-diethylmalonate from the urea acetal and diethylmalonate can be initiated by addition of trimethylsilyldimethylamine/trimethylsilylcyanide. N,N,N′,N′,N″,N″-Hexamethylguanidinium cyanide is formed in the analogous reactions of the urea acetal with N,N-dimethylcyanacetamide or diethylsuccinate. The N,N′,N″-Hexamethyl-guanidinium nitrite can be obtained from the urea acetal and nitropropane.
Identificación de sitios de cruce de fauna en la ruta 415, en el "Paso del Jaguar", Costa Rica.
Authors: Araya-Gamboa Daniela , Salom-Pérez Roberto 
Published: September 2020

La Iniciativa del Corredor del Jaguar pretende mantener la conectividad de esta especie. En Costa Rica, esta iniciativa inició en el Subcorredor Biológico Barbilla-Destierro. En este Subcorredor, se ha identificado la pavimentación de un camino de lastre (asociado a las obras de mitigación social del Proyecto Hidroeléctrico Reventazón), como una potencial barrera para la conectividad del jaguar (Panthera onca) y otras especies. Este estudio sugiere un método para identificar los cruces de fauna sobre el camino. Se tomaron datos de junio del 2011 a enero del 2012. Se compararon los registros de avistamientos y atropellos entre una sección de lastre y una de pavimento del mismo camino. Para identificar los pasos de fauna se sobrepusieron distintas fuentes de información: recorridos, entrevistas y conectividad estructural. Al comparar los caminos se encontró que en el pavimento circulan más vehículos, hay más casas, hay más atropellos y se registran menos especies y avistamientos de fauna. Se identificaron tres sitios de cruces de fauna y cinco sectores. Se registró el cruce del camino por jaguar y caucel (Leopardus wiedii) y el uso de una alcantarilla por mapaches (Procyonlotor). Esta metodología puede ser implementada por proyectos viales para identificar los sitios de cruce de fauna y brindar recomendaciones sobre las medidas ambientales de mitigación a implementar asociadas a mejoras o construcción de caminos.
Capas de refuerzo con hormigón adheridas como alternativa para la rehabilitación de pavimentos asfálticos
Authors: Espinoza Alfaro Marianela 
Published: September 2020

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer las consideraciones básicas al momento de diseñar una capa de refuerzo con hormigón como alternativa para la rehabilitación de pavimentos existentes. Primero se evalúa la condición del pavimento; determinando el tipo de deterioro, las reparaciones previas, así como la necesidad de preparación de la superficie; luego se identifica la posible aplicación de este tipo de solución. Las capas de refuerzo adheridas son una estrategia sustentable para preservar y extender la vida de los pavimentos que pueden usarse como rehabilitación menor, cuyo propósito principal es adicionar capacidad estructural y eliminar daños superficiales en los pavimentos existentes; esto mediante una adecuada unión entre la capa de refuerzo a colocar y el pavimento. Costa Rica actualmente cuenta con un elevado deterioro en los pavimentos que conforman la mayor parte de las carreteras de la red vial; donde muchas veces ̶ por falta de conocimiento ̶ se eluden alternativas factibles de solución. Por ello se realiza una investigación sobre la opción de uso de capas de refuerzo adheridas, considerando los requerimientos para ser aplicada, así como sus metodologías de diseño. A partir de la información recopilada se pretende brindar a los ingenieros viales un documento que facilite la decisión de optar por una solución ante problemas comunes encontrados en los pavimentos existentes, para lograr ampliar el conocimiento en esta área y permitir su uso en la infraestructura vial y el servicio brindado al usuario.
EL PAPEL DE LA ORGANIZACIÓN AUTÓNOMA EN EL CAMBIO CULTURAL: ¿DETERMINADOS O RECONFIGURABLES POR LA ORGANIZACIÓN AUTÓNOMA?
Authors: Sobrado Cháves Miguel Ángel , Rojas Herrera Juan José 
Published: September 2020

El objetivo general del presente artículo consiste en reflexionar acerca de las causas profundas que explican el atraso ancestral de las sociedades latinoamericanas y perfilar una estrategia de salida a dicha problemática. La metodología utilizada consistió en la revisión de un amplio material bibliográfico que permite constatar que el Estado fallido y la sociedad civil sumisa y diletante, que hoy distingue a la mayoría de los países latinoamericanos, constituyen las dos caras de un mismo círculo vicioso que reproduce el rezago económico y facilita la manipulación ideológica y política del clientelismo depredador. Para enfrentar tales obstáculos estructurales, se recomienda emprender un proceso de cambio que permita impulsar, en forma simultánea y coordinada, la reforma integral del Estado clientelista y la organización autónoma de la gente para que, al convertirse en sujeto colectivo, se movilice en pos de la construcción de soluciones innovadoras desde abajo.
Proses Pengawasan Dewan Kemakmuran Masjid dalam Peningkatan Kegiatan Santri
Authors: Taufiq Muhammad Fajar , Sadiah Dewi , Herman Herman 
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menggambarkan proses pengawasan DKM Rahmatan Lil’alamin dalam perumusan standar pengawasan, hasil pengawasan, dan tindakan perbaikan DKM Rahmatan Lil’alamin terhadap penyimpangan yang ada dalam kegiatan santri untuk meningkatkan kegiatan santri. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi langsung ke lapangan dan analisis dokumen sehingga diperoleh data yang valid. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa proses pengawasan terhadap kegiatan santri telah diterapkan dengan baik dilihat dari penetapan standar-standar pengawasan yang terbukti dengan adanya Standar Oprasional Prosedur (SOP) yang dijadikan standar dalam proses pengawasan. Kemudian hasil pengawasan terhadap kegiatan santri dibuat laporan yang tersusun rapih dalam bentuk Laporan Pencapaian Sasaran (LPS) yang akan dibahas untuk bahan evaluasi ketika diselenggarakan rapat. Kemudian ada tindakan perbaikan yang dilakukan oleh DKM Rahmatan Lil’alamin yaitu tindakan perbaikan langsung dan tidak langsung. Tindakan perbaikan ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kegiatan agar lebih baik dan produktif.

The purpose of this research is to know and describe the DKM supervision process of Rahmatan lil'alamin in formulating the standards of supervision, supervision, and corrective action of DKM Rahmatan lil'alamin against the irregularities present in the activities Students to increase the students ' activities. The research method used is a descriptive method, with the technique of collecting data through interviews, direct observation to the field and analysis of documents so that the data obtained valid. The results of this study showed that the supervision of the students ' activities has been properly applied in the determination of the supervisory standards proven by the standards of the oprational procedures (SOP) as standard in monitoring process. Then the results of supervision on the activity is made a report that arranged neatly in the form of Target Achievement Report (LPS) that will be discussed for evaluation material when held tightly. Then there is a corrective action performed by DKM Rahmatan Lil'alamin which is a direct and indirect corrective action. This corrective action is performed to improve activities to be better and productive.
Manajemen Pelayanan Pada KBIH Salman ITB Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Calon Jamaah
Authors: Hapsoh Ai Siti 
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana manajemen pelayanan pada KBIH Salman ITB dalam meningkatkan kualitas calon jamaah haji dan umrah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menggambarkan, memaparkan, dan menjelaskan data-data mengenai manajemen pelayanan pada KBIH Salman ITB dalam meningkatkan kualitas calon jamaah haji dan umrah yaitu melalui wawancara, observasi, studi dokumentasi kepada objek penelitian tersebut. Dari hasil temuan penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa manajemen pelayanan yang diberikan oleh KBIH Salman ITB terhadap tingkat kualitas calon jamaah sudah memenuhi kebutuhan-kebutuhan calon jamaah. Dan untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kepada para jamaah haji dan umrah KBIH Salman ITB telah bekerjasama dengan pihak yang telah berkompeten, yaitu bekerjasama dengan Safari Suci yang beralamat pada Jl. Taman Citarum No. 11 Bandung, maka dari itu berbagai perlengkapan dan fasilitas untuk memenuhi kebutuhan para calon jamaah haji dan umrah. Dan untuk pelayanan, KBIH Salman ITB berusaha semaksimal mungkin untuk mendengarkan keluh kesah para calon jamaah haji dan umrah atas ketidaknyamanan ketika pra/sebelum haji dan pasca/setelah haji. Selain daripada itu, kelebihannya pada KBIH Salman ITB ini mengadakan Kafillah Alumni atau ikatan alumni haji untuk sekedar bersilaturahmi antara jamaah haji dengan jamaah haji lainnya sehingga terus terjaganya komunikasi dengan baik, baik itu dengan pihak KBIH Salman ITB maupun dengan jamaah lainnya.
This study aims to determine how the service management at KBIH Salman ITB in improving the quality of prospective Haj and Umrah pilgrims. The research method used is descriptive method with a qualitative approach that aims to describe, explain, and explain data about service management at KBIH Salman ITB in improving the quality of prospective pilgrims for Haj and Umrah, namely through interviews, observation, documentation study of the research object. From the findings of this study, it can be seen that the service management provided by KBIH Salman ITB to the quality level of the prospective congregation has met the needs of the prospective congregation. And to improve services to the Haj and Umrah pilgrims, KBIH Salman ITB has collaborated with competent parties, namely in collaboration with Sacred Safari which is located at Jl. Citarum Park No. 11 Bandung, therefore a variety of equipment and facilities to meet the needs of prospective pilgrims and Umrah pilgrims. And for services, KBIH Salman ITB tries its best to listen to the complaints of prospective pilgrims for Hajj and Umrah for the inconvenience of pre / before Haj and after / after Hajj. Apart from that, the advantages of KBIH Salman ITB are holding an Alumni Kafillah or Hajj alumni association to just stay in touch between pilgrims and other pilgrims so that good communication is maintained, both with KBIH Salman ITB and with other congregations.
Sistem Pelayanan Kesehatan Poliklinik Masjid Al-Falah Surabaya
Authors: Haqqoni Anas Dliya'uddin 
Published: September 2020

Masjid adalah pusat kegiatan kaum muslimin. Berbagai permasalahan seperti politik, ekonomi, sosial masyarakat, dan peradilan dibahas dan diselesaikan bersama-sama di masjid. Karena fungsi masjid sejatinya adalah untuk menyatukan, melayani, dan mensejahterakan umat. Salah satu yang harus diperhatikan oleh masjid adalah sosial masyarakat, yang membahas mengenai kesejahteraan dan kesehatan masyarakat. Maka masjid sudah seharusnya memiliki sistem yang bergerak di bidang itu, agar fungsi masjid bisa terealisasikan. Penelitian ini membahas sistem pelayanan kesehatan yang ada di Poliklinik Masjid Al-Falah Surabaya. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana sistem pelayanan kesehatan yang ada di Poliklinik Masjid Al-Falah Surabaya serta faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian ini, disimpulkan bahwa sistem pelayanan kesehatan yang diberikan oleh Poliklinik Masjid Al-Falah Surabaya kepada masyarakat dan jama’ah secara keseluruhan sudah baik. Faktor-faktor yang mendukung yaitu adanya dokter-dokter spesialis, peralatan medis yang cukup lengkap, serta tersedianya obat-obatan. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya adalah ruang antrian yang kurang luas.
A mosque is the hub of Muslim activities. Problems such as politics, economics, social communities, and justice were discussed and settled together in the mosque. For the purpose of mosques is for the unification, service, and welfare of the masses. One of the concerns of mosques is the social community, which talks about the welfare and public health. Then mosques should have a system of movement in that area, for the function of mosques to be realized. The study discussed the health care system found in polyiclinic of the Al-Falah Surabaya Mosque. The goal of this study is to find out how the health-care system in the polyiclinic of the al-falah mosque there is surabaya and its supporting factors and constrainting. The study employs descriptive qualitative methods. From the study, it was concluded that the health care system given by the polyiclinic of the Al-Falah Mosque Surabaya to the community and the jama 'ah overall was good. Supportive factors include doctors, adequate medical equipment, and medical supplies. The retard factor was a small queues
Results of using the infection avoidance Protocol for postoperative wounds in spinal surgery
Authors: Grin A. A. , Kaykov A. K. , Kordonskiy A. Yu. , Karanadze V. A. , Levina O. A. , Popkova L. V. 
Published: September 2020

Background. We developed a Protocol based on the results of a previous study of risk factors for infection of a postoperative wound: do not use monopolar coagulation on the skin and subcutaneous fat; remove hemostatic material from the wound; relax the established wound expander every 65 minutes; refuse to suture the muscles in the area of laminectomy, refuse to use an intradermal suture.The study objective is a verification of the received Protocol.Materials and methods. A comprehensive retrospective cohort study evaluated the results of surgical treatment of 575 spinal patients who were under the authors’ supervision in 2014–2016. Patients were divided into groups: operated in the period from 2014 to 2016 (control group), operated in 2017, in the treatment of which the Protocol for reducing complications was applied (main group).Results. It was found that after the introduction of the Protocol, the percentage of patients with postoperative wound infection decreased from 6.0 to 1.3 %.Conclusion. The resulting Protocol is an effective tool for reducing wound infection and can be recommended for prevention of the postoperative wound infection in patients with spinal with diseases and injuries.