bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wybrane klucze interpretacyjne przestrzeni miejskiej. Refleksje teoretyczno-metodologiczne
Authors: Madurowicz Mikołaj 
Published: May 2020

W artykule zasygnalizowano niektóre klasyczne tropy badawcze środowiska zurbanizowanego, wypracowane przez wybrane dziedziny nauki, a mianowicie: historię miast (analiza układu przestrzennego), urbanistykę i architekturę (analiza struktury i tekstury miejskiej), socjologię przestrzeni (analiza miasta jako miejsca zamieszkanego przez ludzi), geografię miast (analiza wielowymiarowej organizacji przestrzennej), wreszcie poprzez perspektywę kulturoznawczą (analiza tekstu miasta jako komunikatu). Następnie pokrótce zarysowano pochodne aspekty analizy dyskursu miejskiego, rozpięte oscylacyjnie: między semantyką a syntaktyką (trop fenomenologiczny), między aksjomatem a idiomem (dyskurs publiczny), między strategią a taktyką (wymiar społeczny), w końcu między geometrią a ruchem (konstytucja miejska). Zwieńczeniem opracowania jest zaś przegląd – autorskich bądź autorsko sprowadzonych do dyskursu miejskiego – dziesięciu współczynników geosemiotycznych (traktowanych jednak nie stricte matematycznie, lecz jako możliwe sposoby jakościowo-ilościowego badania tkanki zurbanizowanej) z perspektywy przestrzenno-fizjonomicznej, czyli: współczynnika kontekstu, typu, zorganizowania, stałości, przejrzystości, otwartości, dyskretności, prostości, oryginalności oraz przyrodniczości.
Geograf społeczny na ścieżce eksperymentalnej
Authors: Kotus Jacek , Piekarska Joanna 
Published: May 2020

Współczesna geografia społeczna ujmowana w perspektywie globalnej rozwija się bardzo dynamicznie jako nauka tworząca i wykorzystująca różne paradygmaty, teorie, koncepcje oraz metody badań. Jej interdyscyplinarność z jednej strony oraz złożoność współczesnych mikroświatów z drugiej nie tylko pozwala, ale wręcz zmusza badacza do wykorzystania (często triangulacyjnego) metod badań społecznych: ilościowych i jakościowych. Choćby krótki przegląd referatów zgłaszanych do czołowych konferencji anglo-amerykańskiego obszaru nauki uświadamia, że tak dzieje się w rzeczywistości. Jednak polska geografia społeczna bardzo konserwatywnie odnosi się do artykułowania nowych paradygmatów, podejść i triangulacji metod. Niejako z tych powodów autorzy opracowania proponują podjąć dyskusję nad zastosowaniem w geografii społecznej metod związanych z eksperymentem. Zasadniczą osią narracji są pytania o obszary, w których eksperyment/quasi-eksperyment w geografii społecznej może być stosowany oraz o specyfikę i jego uwarunkowania w tej dyscyplinie.
Dialog geografii humanistycznej z muzykologią: rozważania na temat Pałacu Kultury i Nauki w Warszawie na tle analogii muzycznych
Authors: Barański Bartosz 
Published: May 2020

Artykuł prezentuje efekt „dialogu” geografii humanistycznej z muzykologią. Poprzez warszawskie studium przypadku przedstawiono autorskie podejście do nazywania i opisywania zjawisk występujących w przestrzeni miejskiej z wykorzystaniem muzycznych analogii. Pokazanie tego sposobu myślenia o mieście, czyli transpozycji zjawisk muzycznych na miejską przestrzeń wraz z wyjaśnieniem wybranych analogii między kompozycją muzyczną a urbanistyczną, jest głównym celem artykułu. Wybranymi do rozważań elementami konstrukcyjnie wspólnymi dla muzyki i urbanistyki są dominanta oraz tonika. W tekście pokazano, że centralność Pałacu Kultury i Nauki można przyrównać do muzykologicznej prawidłowości odniesienia dośrodkowego. Autorskie podejście przedstawiono także w krytycznym ujęciu, tzn. omówiono jego ograniczenia oraz podjęto próbę dyskusji nad jego uniwersalnością w różnych skalach przestrzennych.
Etyka badań w geografii społecznej. Kodyfikacja a praktyka badawcza
Authors: Sowada Tomasz 
Published: May 2020

Celem artykułu jest wywołanie w środowisku geografów dyskusji nad kwestiami etycznymi związanymi z prowadzeniem badań społecznych, szczególnie z wykorzystaniem metod jakościowych. Autor w pierwszej kolejności omawia ogólne kwestie dotyczące rozumienia standardów etycznych w nauce oraz ich kodyfikacji. Następnie przechodzi do wybranych zagadnień związanych z etyką prowadzenia badań społecznych, uwzględniając specyfikę geografii społeczno-ekonomicznej oraz nowe wyzwania wynikające z rozwoju technologii informacyjnych. W podsumowaniu autor zajmuje stanowisko, zgodnie z którym złożoność kwestii etycznych nie pozwala na rozwiązanie wszystkich dylematów w drodze stosowania zbioru skodyfikowanych zasad, a jedynie w drodze pogłębionej refleksji oraz ciągłej wymiany doświadczeń i dyskusji w środowisku badaczy
Presentation and outcome of subsequent thyroid cancer among childhood cancer survivors compared to sporadic thyroid cancer: a matched national study
Authors: Clement Sarah C , Lebbink Chantal A , Klein Hesselink Mariëlle S , Teepen Jop C , Links Thera P , Ronckers Cecile M , van Santen Hanneke M 
Published: May 2020

Objective
Childhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at increased risk to develop differentiated thyroid cancer predominantly after radiotherapy (subsequent DTC). It is insufficiently known whether subsequent DTC in CCS has a different presentation or outcome than sporadic DTC.

Methods
Patients with subsequent DTC (n = 31) were matched to patients with sporadic DTC (n = 93) on gender, age and year of diagnosis to compare presentation and DTC outcomes. Clinical data were collected retrospectively.

Results
Among the CCS with subsequent DTC, all but one had received chemotherapy for their childhood cancer, 19 (61.3%) had received radiotherapy including the thyroid region, 3 (9.7%) 131I-MIBG and 8 (25.8%) had received treatment with chemotherapy only. Subsequent DTC was detected by surveillance through neck palpation (46.2%), as a self-identified mass (34.6%), or by chance. Among sporadic DTC patients, self detection predominated (68.8%). CCS with subsequent DTC tended to have on average smaller tumors (1.9 vs 2.4 cm, respectively, (P = 0.051), and more often bilateral (5/25 (60.0%) vs 28/92 (30.4%), P = 0.024). There were no significant differences in the occurrence of surgical complications, recurrence rate or disease-related death.

Conclusion
When compared to patients with sporadic DTC, CCS with subsequent DTC seem to present with smaller tumors and more frequent bilateral tumors. Treatment outcome seems to be similar. The finding that one-third of subsequent DTC cases had been treated with chemotherapy only needs further investigation. These results are important for the development of surveillance programs for CCS at risk for DTC and for treatment guidelines of subsequent DTC.
ANALISIS KESESUAIAN PERAIRAN UNTUK BUDIDAYA RUMPUT LAUT MENGGUNAKAN MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCALING (MDS)
Authors: Soejarwo Permana Ari , Maryanto Thonas Indra 
Published: May 2020

Penilaian kesesuaian perairan dalam mendukung kegiatan budidaya rumput laut salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh parameter kualitas perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan kesesuaian perairan dalam mendukung kegiatan budidaya rumput laut dengan pendekatan Multidimensional Scaling. Hal ini diharapkan akan diperoleh tingkat kesesuaian perairan serta parameter kualitas perairan yang paling dominan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kualitas perairan di Pulau Panjang dalam mendukung kegiatan budidaya rumput laut yaitu cukup sesuai dengan nilai berkisar antara 58-68. Parameter kualitas perairan yang paling dominan yaitu fosfat dengan nilai perubahan RMS 6,376. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dominannya kandungan fosfat di wilayah perairan Pulau Panjang merupakan indikator terjadinya pencemaran yang bersumber dari limbah domestik yang diduga berasal dari kegiatan pertanian, peternakan serta limbah rumah tangga. Namun demikian tingkat kesesuaian perairan di Pulau Panjang apabila dikelola dengan baik atau mendapatkan perhatian yang lebih dari pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan dengan budidaya rumput laut, maka dapat berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kesesuaian perairan. Sehingga kualitas perairan di Pulau Panjang dapat mengalami pergeseran kearah sesuai. Kata Kunci:kesesuaian, kualitas air, Pulau Panjang, rumput laut
Siyasal İletişim Kampanya Aracı Olarak Video İçerik Paylaşım Ağı YouTube: 23 Haziran 2019 İstanbul Yerel Seçimi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: DOĞU ÖZTÜRK İlknur , ZEYBEK Burcu 
Published: May 2020

İnternet teknolojisinden yararlanılarak
gelişen ve yeni medya ortamında kullanımına başvurulan sosyal ağlar, geleneksel
medyadan farklı özellikleriyle siyasal aktörlerin dikkatini çekmeye başlamış ve
mesajların iletilebileceği araçlar olarak kampanya araçları arasına dahil
olmuştur. Sosyal ağlar, iletilerin, çok kısa sürede dolaşıma girmesini
sağlaması, eşik bekçisi gerektirmeden seçmene erişebilmesi, mesajlarının içerik
üretimine katkıda bulunan ve aynı zamanda da tüketici olan kitleler tarafından
tartışılarak yorumlanmasıyla katılıma olanak sağlamaktadır. Katılım ortamı
yaratan ağlardan YouTube, Dünyada ve Türkiye’de en popüler video
paylaşım platformu olarak, siyasal parti
liderleri ve üyeleri tarafından seçmen kitleye erişmek ve desteklerini kazanmak
amaçlarıyla kullanılmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda araştırma, 23 Haziran 2019
tarihinde tekrarlanan İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediye Başkanlığı seçim kampanyası
kapsamında Cumhur İttifakı’nın adayı Binali Yıldırım ile Millet İttifakı adayı
Ekrem İmamoğlu’nun YouTube sosyal ağını kullanım pratiklerinin nasıl
gerçekleştiğini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, siyasal iletişim alanında Youtube sosyal ağının ilk kez
ele alınacak olması nedeniyle önem taşımaktadır. Bu bağlamda, öncelikle iki
adayın Youtube kanalları takip edilmeye başlanmış, araştırma örneklemi olarak seçilen
İstanbul seçiminin Yüksek Seçim Kurulu (YSK) tarafından iptal edildiği 6 Mayıs
ile seçimin tekrarlandığı 23 Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında paylaşılan toplam
209 video incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, hem video paylaşım sayısı hem de
etkileşim durumu açısından İmamoğlu’nun Youtube platformunu Yıldırım’dan aktif
kullandığı; paylaşım türüne göre ise Ekrem İmamoğlu’nun en yoğun paylaşımının canlı yayın kategorisinde ve Binali Yıldırım’ın da basın toplantısı türünde
gerçekleştirdiği anlaşılmıştır. Bu bulgu, sosyal ağların geleneksel medyanın
tek yönlü kullanımına benzer kullanımı eğilimi olarak yorumlanmıştır. Siyasal
reklamcılık türünde paylaşımların analizi sonucundaysa, İmamoğlu’nun geleceğe ve
geçmişe yönelik icraatlar türünde reklamlarından daha aktif bir kullanım ortaya koyduğu ve öneri stratejisini benimsediği; Yıldırım’ın ise siyasal geçmişi ve
deneyimine dikkat çekecek biçimde geçmiş icraatlara yönelik reklamları tercih ettiği
ve ağırlıklı olarak imaj yaratma stratejisinden yararlandığı anlaşılmıştır.
A cross sectional knowledge attitude practice study on therapeutic drug monitoring among health care professionals in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Rajaduraivelpandian Poovizhi Bharathi , Udaykumar Padmaja 
Published: May 2020

Background: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is used to optimize drug’s therapeutic effect. Aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of TDM in health care professionals.Methods: This was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study. Questionnaires were distributed to 610 nursing staff and 20 lab technicians. Questionnaires had queries on demography, knowledge, attitude and practice. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation were used to analyse the data.Results: Among nurses, 7% had good, 60.9% had fair and 32.2% had poor knowledge of TDM. Among lab technicians 18.2% had good and 81.8% had fair knowledge on TDM. 79.3% of nurses and all lab technicians had favourable attitude towards TDM. Weak positive correlation is seen between knowledge and attitude among nurses. 15.9% of nurses have sent request for TDM on phenytoin, sodium valproate, carbamazepine, methotrexate, lithium, clozapine, risperidone, tigecycline, vancomycin, gentamicin, digoxin and amiodarone. 100% lab technicians have estimated levels of methotrexate and lithium drug sample during the last one year.Conclusions: Though knowledge on indication and pharmacological basis of TDM is lacking among participants, their knowledge on sample collection and sample type is good. They have a positive attitude towards TDM. Nurses have requested TDM for only 12 drugs. TDM of only two drugs was done by lab technicians. Future training should focus on pharmacological basis, selection of appropriate drug candidate and indication for TDM service. TDM service should be made available in all tertiary care institutions.
A comparison of efficacy and safety with add on therapy of pioglitazone in adult patients of psoriasis with and without metabolic syndrome
Authors: Gupta Mahesh Chander , Nayak Kartik , Aggarwal Kamal 
Published: May 2020

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic disease involving skin with systemic manifestations whose etiology remains unknown. In recent times, an increased occurrence of metabolic syndrome has been seen in psoriatic patients and potential role of antihyperglycemic in such conditions is being evaluated.Methods: This was a prospective, controlled, randomized, open label comparative clinical study conducted on 51 psoriatic patients. The patients were divided into two groups with and without MS and both these groups were further randomised to receive either standard therapy alone (topical 0.05% betamethasone dipropionate applied twice daily) or therapy with pioglitazone 15 mg orally once daily as add on to standard treatment. The study was conducted over a period of 12 weeks and the primary efficacy outcome was assessed by a change in psoriasis area severity index (PASI). The secondary outcomes were achievement PASI 50/75 and change in parameters of metabolic syndrome (MS). Change in quality of life assessed using dermatological life quality index (DLQI). Results: Both the treatments significantly reduced the PASI score in psoriatic patients with and without MS, maximum being at 12 weeks. In patients with and without MS, pioglitazone caused a greater reduction in PASI score and DLQI score though it was found comparable to ST alone. Significant improvement in parameters of metabolic syndrome was observed in pioglitazone treated group.Conclusions: Pioglitazone given as add on therapy caused an additional improvement in clinical severity and QOL in both the group of psoriatic patients with and without metabolic syndrome. Role of pioglitazone needs to be further explored with higher recommended dose range (30 mg and 45 mg) to demonstrate the usefulness of this drug in psoriatic patients.
Understanding and analysing competency based curriculum in pharmacology for developing syllabus and teaching schedules
Authors: Khilnani Gurudas , Khilnani Ajeet Kumar , Thaddanee Rekha 
Published: May 2020

The competency based curriculum has already been implemented in phase-I (1st professional MBBS) and medical institutes, through curriculum committees, are gearing up for designing and developing curricular contents for phase-II training beginning from October, 2020. We have analysed curricular components as given in CBME documents with respect to distribution of contents and time allotted for cognitive and skill training and assessment. The objectives of this analysis are to understand distinctive features, identify elements required for organization of teaching sessions and facilitate preparation of teaching schedules. We segregated competencies according to corresponding system and domain of learning to distribute teaching hours. It was observed that 64 competencies in cognitive domain shall be covered in 80 hours assigned for lectures. The new curriculum has given importance to clinically relevant topics such as drug regulations, pharmaco-economics, pharmacology of eye and skin disorders, vaccines, national health programs (would require integration), environmental pollutants, food adulterants, stings and bites, and pharmacological considerations in geriatric and paediatric therapy. Ironically, antimicrobial agents and anti-fungals do not appear in the document as separate competencies. The 138 non-lecture hours can be divided into small group discussions (seminars) and tutorials for 19 hours each and remaining 100 hours can be reserved for practicals (skill training). About 27% of time assigned for practical training shall be required for developing proficiency for certification in 4 competencies and 25 competencies in cognitive domain shall require integration. Finally, steps are described to construct subject specific sessions giving one example each for a non-integrated and an integrated session.
Evaluation of lumbo-sacral epidural anaesthesia or analgesia with lidocaine-acepromazine combination in dogs undergoing cystotomy
Authors: Yakubu Abubakar S. , Ebenezer Abidoye O. , Abdulkareem Aisha A. , Adedokun David A. , Abubakar Adamu A. , Oviawe Ekaete I. , Abubakar Nura , Bodinga Hassan A. 
Published: May 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Epidural anaesthesia is one of the most frequently used regional anesthetic techniques recommended for surgical procedures caudal to the umbilicus in dogs. However, the use of lignocaine alone for epidural regional analgesia has been discovered to have shorter duration of analgesia and prolong onset of action, hence there is need to explore combinations of agents that will overcome this challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the anaesthetic/analgesic effect of cranial epidural anaesthesia in dogs undergoing cystotomy using Lignocaine in combination with acepromazine at the dose rates of 7 mg/kg and 0.05 mg/kg respectively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Eight apparently healthy matured, male and female dogs were used for the experiment. The onset and duration of analgesia was determined. The pulse rates, respiratory rates, mean arterial blood pressure, rectal temperature, complete blood count and the oxygen saturation level were determined at baseline, intra operative and post-operative. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There were no significant differences in all the parameters measured before and after the epidural administration of the agents. The onset of anaesthesia was rapid and the duration of anaesthesia was sufficient enough for the procedure to be carried out. However, there was significant difference in PCV, Hb and total RBC count between the baseline and other timing intervals. There were no significant differences in leucocytic and cardiopulmonary parameters between the baseline and other timing intervals.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The epidural administration of lignocaine and acepromazine combination at the doses indicated can produced sufficient epidural anaesthesia with rapid onset for the purpose of cystotomy in dogs without major systemic influence on hemodynamic and cardiopulmonary changes.</p>
Incidence of cesarean delivery after induction of labor with intravenous oxytocin drip among women undergoing induction of labor at Dessie referral hospital, Northeast Ethiopia, 2017
Authors: Mulualem Tenagnework D. , Assefa Kibir T. 
Published: May 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The number of delivering women undergoing an induction of labor is greater than 20% and continues to rise. Simultaneously, the cesarean delivery rate continues to increase as well. This increase has resulted from evidence-based recommendations on how to handle certain conditions. Labor induction has been associated with increased likelihood of cesarean birth for some groups of women.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Institutional based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted on 319 women medical chard who undergone induction of labor with oxytocin infusion at Dessie referral hospital. Systematic sampling techniques was used to select the samples. The data was cleaned, edited, coded, and entered in to EPI INFO version 3.5 and exported and analyzed by SPSS with windows version 20.0. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 319 delivery records were reviewed. Out of this 256 (80.3%) was successful induction of labor. Incidence of cesarean section after induction of labor with oxytocin infusion among women at Dessie referral hospital was 136 (42.6%). The most frequent cause of induction of labor was due to hypertensive disorder 133 (41.7%) followed by pre labor rupture of membrane 111 (34.8%). Cesarean section was done due to failed induction of labor 63 (19.7%) followed by fetal distress 40 (12.5%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In present study incidence of cesarean delivery after induction of labor was 42.6%. Most frequent cause of induction of labor was due to hypertensive disorder followed by pre-labor rupture of membrane. Cesarean section was done due to failed induction of labor followed by fetal distress.</p>
Combined approach dilatation of complete oesophageal stenoses
Authors: Bowen Alex , Bhabra Mandeep , Dresner Sam , Lester Shane 
Published: May 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Upper oesophageal stenosis is a well-recognised complication in the treatment of head and neck malignancies that can result in significant morbidity. Simple strictures can be managed by anterograde dilatation. Combined approach dilatation can overcome more complex and even complete stenosis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively gathered data for four patients who have had combined approach dilatation to overcome complete oesophageal stenosis. Outcomes determined using standardised swallowing outcome measurement tools. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A functional oesophageal lumen was restored in four patients with complete oesophageal stenosis, with a demonstrable improvement in validated swallowing outcome measures.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Combined approach oesophageal dilatation can be safely and effectively utilised to overcome complete stenosis of the upper oesophagus secondary to radiotherapy/chemo-radiotherapy. Extending the indications for this procedure to post-surgical strictures is not advisable due to increased risk of serious complication.</p>
Effectiveness and safety of betahistine in treatment naive acute peripheral vertigo patients
Authors: Pereira Carlton 
Published: May 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of oral betahistine in treatment naïve patients with acute peripheral vertigo, administered over 21 days.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Treatment naïve patients with confirmed peripheral vertigo, based on clinical diagnosis, were enrolled in this open-label, single-arm, interventional study. Patients received 48 mg betahistine (16 mg, TDS) for 21 days, and were followed up on day 1, 3, 7 and 21. Safety and effectiveness were assessed based on clinical response (scale for vestibular vertigo severity level and clinical response evaluation (SVVSLCRE)); frequency and severity of peripheral vertigo (videonystagmography (VNG)); dizziness handicap inventory (DHI). </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Overall, 53 (70.67%) out of 75 enrolled patients completed 21 days of treatment and were included in the study. No significant improvement in SVVSLCRE score was noted from baseline to day 1 (p=0.0572), but significant reduction was seen from day 3 onwards and continued till day 21 (p&lt;0.0001). Level wise severity analysis showed that patients with ‘moderate to severe’ category at baseline reported ‘mild’ severity on day 7. A significant reduction in mean change of DHI scale was observed from baseline to day 3, day 7 and day 21 (p&lt;0.0001). No major therapy related serious adverse events were reported. Headache (4.0%) and nausea (2.6%) were the commonly reported adverse events, which were mild in nature.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Findings suggest that 48 mg betahistine (16 mg, TID) therapy is effective in treatment naive patients with acute peripheral vertigo. Reduction in vertigo symptoms score was significant from day 3 to day 21. Betahistine was found to be safe and easily tolerated in these patients.</p>