bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemometrics Applied to Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis
Authors: Beavis Guy , Rusilowicz Martin , Donarski James , Charlton Adrian , Wilson Julie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides information about the physical and chemical properties of atoms within a sample and has become an essential tool in metabolomics. Although less sensitive than mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy is highly reproducible and gives wider coverage in comparison to other techniques used for the analysis of complex mixtures. Recent advances in technology, advances in methodology, and increased computer power have increased the need to develop mathematical and statistical methods to analyze and interpret the complex datasets acquired. This has resulted in developments in the field of chemical informatics known aschemometrics. In contrast to targeted analyses, chemometric approaches do not initially attempt to identify particular metabolites. Instead, statistical techniques and pattern recognition methods are used to identify spectral features that show consistent trends or provide discrimination between classes. These features can provide a fingerprint for a metabolic state to be used, for example, for disease diagnostics, and individual features of interest can then be related to specific compounds and metabolic pathways using database searches.NMR‐based chemometric methods are now used in a wide range of applications including clinical diagnostics, food science and traceability, process control, monitoring genetic modification, and predicting the side effects of pharmaceuticals and their environmental effects.
Fundamental Parameter Method inX‐Ray Fluorescence Analysis
Authors: Kawai Jun , Yamasaki Keita , Tanaka Ryohei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe fundamental parameter (FP) method for X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis is explained using 18‐8 steel spectrum as an example. The accuracy and precision are discussed. Other related alpha parameter method and djmethod are compared. The FP method is a first‐principles calculation method of chemical element concentration from the measured XRF spectra using the FPs such as the X‐ray absorption coefficients, fluorescence yields, jump ratios, branching ratios, and the incident spectrum from the X‐ray tube. Based only on these physics parameters and the measured spectra, concentrations in the specimen can be obtained accurately in spite that the XRF spectra are heavily affected by the matrix effects, such as absorption and enhancement effects. The problems and future directions to the improvement of present FP method are also discussed.
Solid‐Phase Microextraction and Its Application to Natural Products and Biological Samples
Authors: Mottaleb M. Abdul , Meziani Mohammed J. , Islam M. Rafiq 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) is a simple, fast, and efficient sample preparation technique that eliminates the need for solvents and integrates sampling, isolation, and enrichment in one step. In SPME, the extraction is based on the partitioning of the analyte between the organic phase on the fused‐silica fiber or nanomaterials coated fiber and the matrix. Fibers or capillary tubes coated with an appropriate stationary phase are key players in the process. By controlling the polarity and thickness of the coating on fibers or tubes, sampling time, and other extraction parameters, an analyst can achieve very reliable, accurate, and highly quantifiable robust results at subfemtogram level, for gaseous to macromolecular target solutes, with a shorter analysis time compared to conventional extraction methods. This solvent‐free technique requires small samples, saves sample preparation time as well as solvent purchase and disposal costs. Moreover, it is environmental friendly and poses low health hazard risk to the laboratory associates. Today, SPME has been integrated to gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC or LC), LC–MS, or capillary electrophoresis (CE) for analysis of complex mixtures of samples that include environmental, chemical, biochemical, biological, pharmaceuticals, clinical, biomedical, natural products, food abstracts, plant extracts, and organic compounds in media containing nanoparticles.
P
hycisphaeraceae
Authors: Fukunaga Yukiyo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Phy.ci.sphae.ra.ce'ae. N.L. fem. n.
Phycisphaera
, type genus of the family; aceae ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Phycisphaeraceae
, the family of the genus
Phycisphaera
.

Planctomycetes / Phycisphaerae / Phycisphaerales / Phycisphaeraceae

The family
Phycisphaeraceae
is defined by phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences; the family contains the genera
Phycisphaera
and
Algisphaera
. All known species are Gram stain‐negative and show
binary fission
. Endospores are not observed. Motile. Aerobic and facultatively anaerobic. Oxidase‐negative, catalase‐positive. The major menaquinone is MK‐6. Known members of the family were isolated from a macroalgae in marine environment.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 63–73.

Type genus
:
Phycisphaera
Fukunaga, Kurahashi, Sakiyama, Ohuchi, Yokota and Harayama 2010, 2
VP
(Effective publication: Fukunaga, Kurahashi, Sakiyama, Ohuchi, Yokota and Harayama 2009, 273).
P
hycisphaera
Authors: Fukunaga Yukiyo , Ichikawa Natsuko 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Phy.ci.spae'ra. Gr. neut. n.
phycos
, seaweed; L. fem. n.
sphaera
, a globe, sphere; N.L. fem. n.
Phycisphaera
, a spherical bacterium isolated from a seaweed.

Planctomycetes / Phycisphaerae / Phycisphaerales / Phycisphaeraceae / Phycisphaera

Members of the genus
Phycisphaera
are represented by Gram stain‐negative, motile, and spherical cells that are covered with pili. Weakly facultative anaerobes. Colonies are circular and pink pigmented. Reproduce by binary fission. Resistant to β‐lactam antibiotics. Chemoorganotrophs that grow well on complex organic media such as Marine Agar. Require seawater for growth. Neutrophilic and mesophilic. MK‐6 is the major menaquinone. The main fatty acids are C
16:0
, iso‐C
16:1
, and iso‐C
16:0
. Members of the phylum
Planctomycetes
, class
Phycisphaerae
, order
Phycisphaerales
, and family
Phycisphaeraceae
. Known habitats are marine environments.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 73 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Phycisphaera mikurensis
Fukunaga, Kurahashi, Sakiyama, Ohuchi, Yokota and Harayama 2010, 2
VP
(Effective publication: Fukunaga, Kurahashi, Sakiyama, Ohuchi, Yokota and Harayama 2009, 273).
Caenibacillus
Authors: Tsujimoto Yoshiyuki , Watanabe Kunihiko 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCae.ni.ba.cil'lus. L. neut. n.caenum,mud; L. masc. n.bacillus, a rod, and also a bacterial genus name (Bacillus); N.L. masc. n.Caenibacillus, aBacillus‐like organism that inhabits compost.Firmicutes / Bacilli / Bacillales / Sporolactobacillaceae / CaenibacillusCaenibacillusis a single species genus in the familySporolactobacillaceae. To date, it comprises one species,Caenibacillus caldisaponilyticus. Cells are Gram‐stain‐positive, aerobic, endospore‐forming, and rod‐shaped, occurring singly. Endospores are ellipsoidal, subterminal or terminal, and formed in swollen sporangia. The ranges of temperature, pH, and NaCl for the growth are 40–65°C, 4.8–8.1, and 0–1.5% (w/v), respectively. Catalase‐ and oxidase‐positive. The cell wall containsmeso‐diaminopimelic acid, alanine, glutamic acid, and galactose. The predominant polar lipids are phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin, and an unidentified phospholipid, and the major fatty acid is an anteiso‐C17:0. The menaquinone is MK‐7. Strain B157Twas isolated from acidulocompost at Oarai Aquarium in Japan.DNA G + C content (mol%): 51.8 (genome).Type species:Caenibacillus caldisaponilyticusTsujimoto, Saito, Furuya, Ishihara, Sahara, Kimura, Nishino, Tsuruoka, Shigeri and Watanabe 2016, 2689VP.
G
eothermomicrobium
Authors: Zhou En‐Min , Li Wen‐Jun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Ge.o.ther.mo.mi.cro'bi.um. Gr. fem. n.
ge
the earth; Gr. masc. adj.
thermos
hot; Gr. masc. adj.
mikros
small; Gr. masc. n.
bios
life; N.L. neut. n.
Geothermomicrobium
a microbe from hot earth.

Firmicutes / Bacilli / Bacillales / Thermoactinomycetaceae / Geothermomicrobium

The genus
Geothermomicrobium
is classified within the family
Thermoactinomycetaceae
, order
Bacillales
, and in the class
Bacilli
. Aerobic, Gram‐stain‐positive.
Thermotolerant
, growth at 30–60°C, with optimum at 50–55°C. The substrate mycelia are well developed, white to gray‐yellow, but the aerial mycelium is not produced.
Warty ornamented endospores produce singly along the substrate mycelium.
The menaquinone is
MK‐7
, the diagnostic diamino acid is

meso

‐diaminopimelic acid
, and the major cellular fatty acids are

iso‐C
14:0
, iso‐C
15:0

,

and iso‐C
16:0

. The major polar lipids are
diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, unidentified polar lipids, and unidentified phospholipids
. Currently, the genus consists of one species
Geothermomicrobium terrae
(the type species of the genus). The type strain of
Geothermomicrobium terrae
was isolated from geothermal soil. The phylogenetically nearest neighbor is the genus
Hazenella
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 44–46 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Geothermomicrobium terrae
Zhou, Yu, Liu, Ming, Yin, Dong, et al. 2014, 3003
VP
.
B
rockia
Authors: Perevalova Anna A. , Chernyh Nikolay A. , Bonch‐Osmolovskaya Elizaveta A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Broc'ki.a. N.L. fem. n.
Brockia
named in honor of the American microbiologist Thomas Dale Brock for his invaluable impact to our knowledge of thermophilic prokaryotes inhabiting volcanic environments.

Firmicutes / Clostridia / Thermoanaerobacterales / Brockiaceae / Brockia

Extremely thermophilic. Strictly anaerobic. Cells are spore‐forming rods with a Gram‐positive type of cell wall. Chemolithoautotrophic. Elemental sulfur, thiosulfate, or polysulfide are used as electron acceptors and molecular hydrogen or formate as electron donors. Growth at 46 –78°C and pH 5.5–8.5. The optimal growth (doubling time, 6.0 h) was at 60–65°C. The major fatty acid is C
16:0
. DNA G + C content is 63.4 mol% (genome). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis places the genus in the family
Brockiaceae
. The most closely related strains are members of the genera
Ammonifex
and
Caldanaerobacter
. The genus currently accommodates the only one species
Brockia lithotrophica
. Known habitats are thermal hot springs.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 63.4 (genome).

Type species
:
Brockia lithotrophica
Perevalova et al. 2013, 482.
A
cutalibacter
Authors: Garzetti Debora , Jochum Lara , Stecher Bärbel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

A.cu.ta.li.bac'ter. L. masc. adj.
acutalis
, tapered, pointed; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
, rod; N.L. masc. n.
Acutalibacter
, a rod‐shaped bacterium with tapered ends, pertaining to the cell morphology of the type strain of the type species.

Firmicutes / Clostridia / Clostridiales / Ruminococcaceae / Acutalibacter

Gram‐stain negative, strictly anaerobic, long rods with tapered ends. Cells occur singly. The genus
Acutalibacter
contains a single species, the type species
Acutalibacter muris
. The type species was isolated from the mouse gut and does not form colonies on solid medium. Motile cells have not been observed, but motility‐associated proteins are encoded in the genome. Cells do not lyse readily with standard lysis protocols and form endospores. The main cellular fatty acids are C
16:0
(22.1%), C
16:0
DMA (21.7%), iso‐C
15:0
(16.8%), anteiso‐C
15:0
(9.8%), and C
18:1
ω9
c
(12.2%). The diagnostic amino acid of the peptidoglycan type is
meso
‐diaminopimelic acid. Most related strains that are within family level distance (86.5%) based on 16S rRNA gene similarity were isolated from human feces or gut or the gastrointestinal tracts of animals. Some related strains were obtained from wastewater or other anaerobic sludge/soil habitats, indicating that these environments may also be a potential habitat for
Acutalibacter
species.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 54.6 (G + C count divided by total number of bases).

Type species
:
Acutalibacter muris
Lagkouvardos, Pukall, Abt, Foesel, Meier‐Kolthoff, Kumar et al. 2016b, 4299
VP
(Effective publication: Lagkouvardos, Pukall, Abt, Foesel, Meier‐Kolthoff, Kumar et al. 2016a, 10).
M
ageeibacillus
Authors: Austin Michele N. , Srinivasan Sujatha , Fredricks David N. , Hillier Sharon L. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Ma.gee.i.ba.cil'lus. N.L. n.
Mageea
named after Magee; L. masc. n.
bacillus
a rod; N.L. masc. n.
Mageeibacillus
a rod isolated at Magee‐Womens Research Institute.

Firmicutes / Clostridia / Clostridiales / Hungateiclostridiaceae / Mageeibacillus

Gram‐positive cell wall, obligately anaerobic, nonmotile, non‐spore‐forming rods with blunt or tapered ends. Cells occur in aggregates or small chains. Asaccharolytic, noncellulolytic, negative for catalase, oxidase, urease, esculin, and gelatin hydrolysis and lecithinase and lipase activity, and using amino acids as a primary source of carbon. Mesophilic with growth occurring between 35 and 42°C. Growth is supported by solid Brucella agar with 5% sheep's blood, hemin, and vitamin K. The major fatty acids are unbranched saturated and unsaturated forms. The G + C content is 44.2 mol% (genome analysis). Member of the class
Clostridia
, family
Hungateiclostridiaceae
. Known habitats are human skin, female genital tract, anus, bladder, male urethra, and ewe vagina.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 44.2 (genome analysis).

Type species
:
Mageeibacillus indolicus
Austin et al. 2015, VL172.
T
uricimonas
Authors: Jochum Lara , Garzetti Debora , Stecher Bärbel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Tu.ri.ci.mo'nas. L. neut. n.
Turicum
the Roman name for the city of Zurich; Gr. fem. n.
monas
a unit, a monad; N.L. fem. n.
Turicimonas
a unit of Turicum/Zurich; the type strain of the type species was isolated in the Swiss city Zurich.

Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Sutterellaceae / Turicimonas

Gram stain‐negative, rod shaped, and obligately anaerobic single, straight cells. The genus
Turicimonas
contains a single species, the type species
Turicimonas muris
, with the type strain
T. muris
YL45
T
. The type species was isolated from the cecum of a mouse, but close relatives are also found in the gut and feces of other mammals.
T. muris
YL45
T
is the only isolate of nonhuman origin within the family
Sutterellaceae
. The closest phylogenomic relative is
Parasutterella excrementihominis
. Colonies show slight α‐hemolysis on Columbia blood agar plates. The type strain of the type species is able to produce succinate.
T. muris
YL45
T
carries genes for dissimilatory nitrate reduction and ammonia assimilation; however, it is not reported to use either
in vitro
. While the taxonomy of the
Sutterellaceae
family is inconsistent,
Turicimonas
reproducibly forms a distinct genus‐level lineage within the family.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 44.1 (G + C count divided by total number of bases).

Type species
:
Turicimonas muris
Lagkouvardos, Pukall, Abt, Foesel, Meier‐Kolthoff, Kumar et al. 2017, 2
VP
(Effective publication: Lagkouvardos, Pukall, Abt, Foesel, Meier‐Kolthoff, Kumar et al. 2016, 14).
C
aedibacter
Authors: Salam Nimaichand , Qu Ping‐Hua , Li Wen‐Jun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Cae.di.bac'ter. L. fem. n.
caedes ‐is
act of killing; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
a rod; N.L. masc. n.
Caedibacter
the bacterium which kills.

Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Thiotrichales / Fastidiosibacteraceae / Caedibacter

Gram‐negative, nonmotile. Obligate cytoplasmic endosymbionts of
Paramecium
spp. Presence of refractile inclusion (R) bodies confers killer traits upon their hosts. Cells containing R bodies are toxic to certain strains of paramecia (sensitive paramecia) and are usually larger than cells that do not contain R bodies. Culture outside the host organism has not been achieved or is exceedingly difficult.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 41–42 (genome);
DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 40–44 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Caedibacter taeniospiralis
(
ex
Preer et al. 1974) Preer and Preer 1982
VP
.
D
iaphorobacter
Authors: Vaz‐Moreira Ivone , Nunes Olga C. , Manaia Célia M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Diaphorobacter
[Di.a.pho.ro.bac'ter. Gr. masc. adj.
diaphoros
different, profitable; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
rod; N.L. masc. n.
Diaphorobacter
distinguished and profitable rod, referring to usefulness in nitrogen removal].

Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Comamonadaceae / Diaphorobacter

Rods
, non‐spore‐forming, Gram‐stain‐negative. Motile with a single polar flagellum or nonmotile.
Aerobic or facultative aerobic
.
Mesophilic
with optimum growth conditions at a temperature around 28°C and pH 7. No special growth requirements. Catalase‐positive.

Cytochrome
c
oxidase test varies among species

.
Chemoorganotrophic
.
Denitrifying or nitrate reduction
.
No indole production or glucose fermentation
. Some members have the capacity to degrade poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV). The major respiratory quinone is
ubiquinone 8
, and the major fatty acids are
C

16:0

, summed feature 3 (C

16:1

ω7
c
and/or iso‐C

15:0

2‐OH), and C

18:1

ω7
c

, and the predominant hydroxy fatty acid is
C

10:0

3‐OH
.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 62.9–66.8.

Type species
:
Diaphorobacter nitroreducens
Khan and Hiraishi 2002, VL92.
O
ryzisolibacter
Authors: Nunes Olga C. , Manaia Célia M. , Vaz‐Moreira Ivone 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

O.ry.zi.so.li.bac'ter. L. fem. n.
oryza
rice; L. neut. n.
solum
soil; N.L. masc. n.
bacter
rod; N.L. masc. n.
Oryzisolibacter
rod from rice crop bulk soil.

Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Comamonadaceae / Oryzisolibacter

Rods
1.9 ± 0.35‐μm long and 0.6 ± 0.04‐μm wide.
Motile
.
Gram‐negative
. Nonsporulating.
Facultative aerobe
. Nitrate is reduced to N
2
. Mesophilic, with the ability to grow between 15 and 37°C, pH 6–9, and at a NaCl concentration up to 4%.
Chemoorganotroph
, being able to assimilate glycerol, potassium gluconate, adipic acid, malic acid, and (trisodium) citrate. Catalase‐ and cytochrome
c
oxidase‐positive. The respiratory quinone is
ubiquinone 8
, and the major fatty acids are C
18:1
ω7
c
, C
16:0
, and the summed feature 3 (C
16:1
ω7
c
/iso‐C
15:0
2‐OH). The major polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and diphosphatidylglycerol. Isolated from rice paddy soil through an enrichment culture in the presence of propanil and 3,4‐dichloroaniline; the type strain of the type species
Oryzisolibacter propanilivorax
is able to degrade both compounds.

DNA G+C content (mol%)
: 69.4 (HPLC) or 69.2 (genome analysis).

Type species
:
Oryzisolibacter propanilivorax
Vaz‐Moreira et al. 2017
VP
.
H
ydromonas
Authors: Vaz‐Moreira Ivone , Nunes Olga C. , Manaia Célia M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Hy.dro.mo'nas. Gr. neut. n.
hydor
water; L. fem. n.
monas
a unit, monad; N.L. fem. n.
Hydromonas
a unit (monad) from water.

Proteobacteria / Betaproteobacteria / Burkholderiales / Burkholderiaceae / Hydromonas

Rods with electron‐dense intracellular inclusions, non‐spore‐forming, Gram‐negative. Aerobic, mesophilic, with the ability to grow between 15 and 30°C, pH 6–8, and a concentration of NaCl of up to 1% and no special growth requirements. Chemoorganotroph with limited metabolic versatility, being able to assimilate
d
‐glucose,
d
‐mannitol, and
N
‐acetylglucosamine. Catalase‐ and cytochrome
c
oxidase‐positive. The respiratory quinone is ubiquinone 8, and the major fatty acids are C
16:1
ω7
c
and C
14:0
3‐OH. The major polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and diphosphatidylglycerol. Isolated from freshwater.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 47 ± 1 (HPLC).

Type species
:
Hydromonas duriensis
Vaz‐Moreira et al. 2015
VP
.
T
epidiphilus
Authors: Manaia Célia M. , Vaz‐Moreira Ivone , Nunes Olga C. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Te.pi.di'phi.lus. L. masc. adj.
tepidus
lukewarm; Gr. masc. adj.
philos
friendly to; N.L. masc. n.
Tepidiphilus
liker of lukewarm conditions.

Proteobacteria / Hydrogenophilia / Hydrogenophilales / Hydrogenophilaceae / Tepidiphilus

Rods
with poly‐beta‐hydroxybutyrate granules, non‐spore forming,
Gram‐negative
with a
single polar flagellum
. Aerobic, able to grow anaerobically in the presence of nitrate.
Thermophilic
, with the ability to grow between 25°C and 61°C, with optimum at 50–55°C, pH 6–8 and no special growth requirements.
Chemo‐organotroph
. Organic acids and amino acids, but not sugars, can be used as single carbon sources. Catalase‐ and cytochrome c oxidase positive.
Ubiquinone 8
is the major respiratory quinone and the predominant fatty acids are
C

16:0

, cyclo‐C

17:0

, cyclo‐C

19:0

ω8
c
, C

18:1

ω6
c
/ω7
c
,

and
C

17:0

. Major polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidyl coline. Isolated from thermophilic digester, oil well or terrestrial hot spring.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 58.6–66.1 (HPLC method).

Type species
:
Tepidiphilus margaritifer
Manaia et al. 2003
VP
emend. Poddar et al. 2014.
N
atronobiforma
Authors: Sorokin Dimitry Y. , Oren Aharon , Elcheninov Alexander G. , Kublanov Ilya V. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Na.tro.no.bi.for'ma. Gr. neut. n.
natron
arbitrarily derived from Arabic n.
natrun
or
natron
soda; L. adv. num.
bis
twice; L. fem. n.
forma
form, shape; N.L. fem. n.
Natronobiforma
the dimorphic natronoarchaeon.

Euryarchaeota / Halobacteria / Natrialbales / Natrialbaceae / Natronobiforma

The genus
Natronobiforma
, classified within the family
Natrialbaceae
, order
Natrialbales
, in the class
Halobacteria
, currently consists of a single species,
Natronobiforma cellulositropha
. It is a moderately alkaliphilic, obligately aerobic, extreme halophile, forming pink colonies with large clearance zones on plates containing amorphous cellulose. The cells are pleomorphic flat motile rods or nonmotile coccoid cells. Multiple strains classified within this genus were isolated from alkaline hypersaline lakes in different locations. They grow optimally on insoluble native celluloses. Xylan, β‐mannan, cellobiose, and maltose can also be used as carbon and energy sources. Other organic compounds used by most members of the
Halobacteria
do not support growth.

DNA G + C content (mol%)
: 65.4–65.5 (genome sequences).

Type species
:

Natronobiforma cellulositropha

Sorokin et al. 2019, VL187.
Signalling Interactions in Flooding Tolerance
Authors: Mustroph Angelika , Steffens Bianka , Sasidharan Rashmi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Flooding is a frequently encountered abiotic stress that is extremely detrimental to plant growth and development, metabolism, function, and yield. Water severely restricts gas exchange impeding photosynthesis and respiration, and ultimately leads to an energy crisis that can prove fatal. Most land plants are extremely sensitive to prolonged waterlogging and submergence. However, some plant species are at home in frequently flooded environments. This is linked to a set of adaptive traits and metabolic adjustments that confer the ability to either avoid or cope with flooding‐induced oxygen deprivation. Here, we outline the current knowledge on these morphological, anatomical, and metabolic tolerance traits, and how they facilitate flooding survival. Furthermore, we elaborate on the molecular processes and signalling mechanisms that regulate some of these traits. A better understanding of these tolerance attributes is essential in the quest towards the generation of climate resilient crops in an era of global warming and increased food demand.