bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time-resolved classification of dog brain signals reveals early processing of faces, species and emotion
Authors: Kujala Miiamaaria V. , Kauppi Jukka-Pekka , Törnqvist Heini , Helle Liisa , Vainio Outi , Kujala Jan , Parkkonen Lauri 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDogs process faces and emotional expressions much like humans, but the time windows important for face processing in dogs are largely unknown. By combining our non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG) protocol on dogs with machine-learning algorithms, we show category-specific dog brain responses to pictures of human and dog facial expressions, objects, and phase-scrambled faces. We trained a support vector machine classifier with spatiotemporal EEG data to discriminate between responses to pairs of images. The classification accuracy was highest for humans or dogsvs.scrambled images, with most informative time intervals of 100–140 ms and 240–280 ms. We also detected a response sensitive to threatening dog faces at 30–40 ms; generally, responses differentiating emotional expressions were found at 130–170 ms, and differentiation of faces from objects occurred at 120–130 ms. The cortical sources underlying the highest-amplitude EEG signals were localized to the dog visual cortex.
VADER: a variable dose-rate external 137Cs irradiator for internal emitter and low dose rate studies
Authors: Garty Guy , Xu Yanping , Johnson Gary W. , Smilenov Lubomir B. , Joseph Simon K. , Pujol-Canadell Monica , Turner Helen C. , Ghandhi Shanaz A. , Wang Qi , Shih Rompin , Morton Robert C. , Cuniberti David E. , Morton Shad R. , Bueno-Beti Carlos , Morgan Thomas L. , Caracappa Peter F. , Laiakis Evagelia C. , Fornace Albert J. , Amundson Sally A. , Brenner David J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn the long term, 137Cs is probably the most biologically important agent released in many accidental (or malicious) radiation disasters. It can enter the food chain, and be consumed, or, if present in the environment (e.g. from fallout), can provide external irradiation over prolonged times. In either case, due to the high penetration of the energetic γ rays emitted by 137Cs, the individual will be exposed to a low dose rate, uniform, whole body, irradiation. The VADER (VAriable Dose-rate External 137Cs irradiatoR) allows modeling these exposures, bypassing many of the problems inherent in internal emitter studies. Making use of discarded 137Cs brachytherapy seeds, the VADER can provide varying low dose rate irradiations at dose rates of 0.1 to 1.2 Gy/day. The VADER includes a mouse “hotel”, designed to allow long term simultaneous residency of up to 15 mice. Two source platters containing ~ 250 mCi each of 137Cs brachytherapy seeds are mounted above and below the “hotel” and can be moved under computer control to provide constant low dose rate or a varying dose rate mimicking 137Cs biokinetics in mouse or man. We present the VADER design and characterization of its performance over 18 months of use.
Tinnitus impairs segregation of competing speech in normal-hearing listeners
Authors: Liu Yang Wenyi , Wang Bing , Chen Bing , Galvin John J. , Fu Qian-Jie 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMany tinnitus patients report difficulties understanding speech in noise or competing talkers, despite having “normal” hearing in terms of audiometric thresholds. The interference caused by tinnitus is more likely central in origin. Release from informational masking (more central in origin) produced by competing speech may further illuminate central interference due to tinnitus. In the present study, masked speech understanding was measured in normal hearing listeners with or without tinnitus. Speech recognition thresholds were measured for target speech in the presence of multi-talker babble or competing speech. For competing speech, speech recognition thresholds were measured for different cue conditions (i.e., with and without target-masker sex differences and/or with and without spatial cues). The present data suggest that tinnitus negatively affected masked speech recognition even in individuals with no measurable hearing loss. Tinnitus severity appeared to especially limit listeners’ ability to segregate competing speech using talker sex differences. The data suggest that increased informational masking via lexical interference may tax tinnitus patients’ central auditory processing resources.
Transcriptional signatures of the small intestinal mucosa in response to ethanol in transgenic mice rich in endogenous n3 fatty acids
Authors: Hardesty Josiah E. , Warner Jeffrey B. , Song Ying L. , Rouchka Eric C. , Chen Chih-Yu , Kang Jing X. , McClain Craig J. , Warner Dennis R. , Kirpich Irina A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe intestine interacts with many factors, including dietary components and ethanol (EtOH), which can impact intestinal health. Previous studies showed that different types of dietary fats can modulate EtOH-induced changes in the intestine; however, mechanisms underlying these effects are not completely understood. Here, we examined intestinal transcriptional responses to EtOH in WT and transgenic fat-1 mice (which endogenously convert n6 to n3 polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFAs]) to identify novel genes and pathways involved in EtOH-associated gut pathology and discern the impact of n3 PUFA enrichment. WT and fat-1 mice were chronically fed EtOH, and ileum RNA-seq and bioinformatic analyses were performed. EtOH consumption led to a marked down-regulation of genes encoding digestive and xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, and transcription factors involved in developmental processes and tissue regeneration. Compared to WT, fat-1 mice exhibited a markedly plastic transcriptome response to EtOH. Cell death, inflammation, and tuft cell markers were downregulated in fat-1 mice in response to EtOH, while defense responses and PPAR signaling were upregulated. This transcriptional reprogramming may contribute to the beneficial effects of n3 PUFAs on EtOH-induced intestinal pathology. In summary, our study provides a reference dataset of the intestinal mucosa transcriptional responses to chronic EtOH exposure for future hypothesis-driven mechanistic studies.
Landside tritium leakage over through years from Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear plant and relationship between countermeasures and contaminated water
Authors: Shozugawa Katsumi , Hori Mayumi , Johnson Thomas. E. , Takahata Naoto , Sano Yuji , Kavasi Norbert , Sahoo Sarata K. , Matsuo Motoyuki 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThere has been tritium groundwater leakage to the land side of Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plants since 2013. Groundwater was continuously collected from the end of 2013 to 2019, with an average tritium concentration of approximately 20 Bq/L. Based on tritium data published by Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings (TEPCO) (17,000 points), the postulated source of the leakage was (1) leaks from a contaminated water tank that occurred from 2013 to 2014, or (2) a leak of tritium that had spread widely over an impermeable layer under the site. Based on our results, sea side and land side tritium leakage monitoring systems should be strengthened.
Resonant dual-pulse laser ignition technique based on oxygen REMPI pre-ionization
Authors: Dumitrache Ciprian , Butte Carter , Yalin Azer 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis contribution investigates a novel laser ignition method based on a dual-pulse resonant pre-ionization scheme. The first laser pulse efficiently creates initial gas ionization (seed electrons) through a 2 + 1 resonantly-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) scheme targeting molecular oxygen (λ ~ 287.6 nm). This pulse is followed by a second non-resonant near-infrared pulse (λ = 1064 nm) for energy addition into the gas via inverse bremsstrahlung absorption. The sequence of two pulses creates a laser induced plasma that exhibits high peak electron number density and temperature (ne ~ 8 × 1017 cm-3 at t = 100 ns and T ~ 8000 K at t = 10 μs, respectively). These plasma parameters are similar to those attained for typical single-pulse near-infrared laser plasmas but with the advantage of substantially lower pulse energy (by factor of ~ 2.5) in the dual-pulse REMPI case. A combustion study focusing on ignition of propane/air mixtures shows that the dual-pulse REMPI method leads to an extension of the lean flammability limit, and an increase in combustion efficiency near the lean limit, as compared to laser ignition with a single NIR pulse. The measurement results and observed gas dynamics are discussed in the context of their impact on combustion applications.
Effects of mechanical abrasion challenge on sound and demineralized dentin surfaces treated with SDF
Authors: Sayed Mahmoud , Tsuda Yuka , Matin Khairul , Abdou Ahmed , Martin Kim , Burrow Michael F. , Tagami Junji 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of mechanical abrasion on the surface integrity, color change (ΔE) and antibacterial properties of demineralized and sound dentin surfaces treated with silver-diammine-fluoride (SDF). The dentin specimens were divided into two groups: sound and demineralized dentin, then divided into three sub-groups, control (no-treatment), SDF, and SDF + potassium-iodide (KI). Each sub-group was further divided into two groups, one exposed to mechanical brushing and the other without brushing. Specimens were analyzed for the ΔE, surface roughness/surface loss and antibacterial properties (CFU, optical density and fluorescent microscope). Repeated Measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis of color change while one-way ANOVA was used for CFU analysis. SDF and SDI + KI groups showed significant reduction in ΔE with brushing in the sound dentin group unlike the demineralized group. The surface roughness values were higher for both SDF and SDF + KI groups but roughness values significantly decreased after brushing. Both SDF and SDF + KI groups revealed significantly less surface loss than control. The SDF group showed high anti-bacterial effect after brushing, unlike SDF + KI group. So, we concluded that mechanical brushing improved the esthetic outcome. While, SDF and SDF + KI could protect the dentin surface integrity. SDF-treated dentin possesses an antibacterial property even after mechanical brushing.
Deep phenotyping of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome in Japanese population
Authors: Kitami Toshimori , Fukuda Sanae , Kato Tamotsu , Yamaguti Kouzi , Nakatomi Yasuhito , Yamano Emi , Kataoka Yosky , Mizuno Kei , Tsuboi Yuuri , Kogo Yasushi , Suzuki Harukazu , Itoh Masayoshi , Morioka Masaki Suimye , Kawaji Hideya , Koseki Haruhiko , Kikuchi Jun , Hayashizaki Yoshihide , Ohno Hiroshi , Kuratsune Hirohiko , Watanabe Yasuyoshi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMyalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complex and debilitating disease with no molecular diagnostics and no treatment options. To identify potential markers of this illness, we profiled 48 patients and 52 controls for standard laboratory tests, plasma metabolomics, blood immuno-phenotyping and transcriptomics, and fecal microbiome analysis. Here, we identified a set of 26 potential molecular markers that distinguished ME/CFS patients from healthy controls. Monocyte number, microbiome abundance, and lipoprotein profiles appeared to be the most informative markers. When we correlated these molecular changes to sleep and cognitive measurements of fatigue, we found that lipoprotein and microbiome profiles most closely correlated with sleep disruption while a different set of markers correlated with a cognitive parameter. Sleep, lipoprotein, and microbiome changes occur early during the course of illness suggesting that these markers can be examined in a larger cohort for potential biomarker application. Our study points to a cluster of sleep-related molecular changes as a prominent feature of ME/CFS in our Japanese cohort.
Triptycene-based three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks with stp topology of honeycomb structure
Authors: Wang Yuancheng , Wu Chenyu , Sun Wenjia , Pan Qingyan , Hao Wenbo , Liu Hui , Sun Jing , Li Zhibo , Sun Junliang , Zhao Yingjie 
Published: November 2020

Two triptycene based 3D COFs with stp topology and the “6 + 4” linking mode was synthesized. The 3D COFs exhibit honeycomb nanochannels structures with different pore sizes according to different linkages.
Comparing Spatial Release From Masking Using Traditional Methods and Portable Automated Rapid Testing iPad App
Authors: Srinivasan Nirmal Kumar , Holtz Allison , Gallun Frederick J. 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare speech identification abilities of individuals of various ages and hearing abilities using traditional methods and Portable Automated Rapid Testing (PART) iPad app.

Method
Speech identification data were collected using three techniques: over headphones using a virtual speaker array, using PART iPad app (UCR Brain Game Center, 2018), and using loudspeaker presentation in a sound-attenuated room. For all three techniques, Coordinate Response Measure sentences were used as the stimuli and “Charlie” was used as the call sign. A progressive tracking procedure was used to estimate the speech identification thresholds for listeners with varying hearing thresholds. The target sentence was always presented at 0° azimuth angle, whereas the maskers were colocated (0°) with the target or symmetrically spatially separated by ±15°, ±30°, or ±45°.

Results
Data analysis revealed similar speech identification thresholds for the iPad and headphone conditions and slightly poorer thresholds for the loudspeaker array condition across participant groups. This was true for all spatial separations between the target and the maskers.

Conclusion
Strong correlation between the headphone and iPad data presented in this study indicated that the spatial release from masking module in the PART iPad app can be used as a clinical tool to assess spatial processing ability prior to audiologic evaluation in the clinic and can also be used to make recommendations for and to track progress with aural rehabilitation programs over time.
INTEGRAL discovery of a high-energy tail in the microquasar Cygnus X-3
Authors: Cangemi F. , Rodriguez J. , Grinberg V. , Belmont R. , Laurent P. , Wilms J. 
Published: November 2020

Context. The X-ray spectra of X-ray binaries are dominated by emission of either soft or hard X-rays which defines their soft and hard spectral states. While the generic picture is relatively well understood, little is known about the interplay of the various media at work, or about the reasons why some sources do not follow common behavior. Cygnus X-3 is amongst the list of X-ray binaries that show quite complex behavior, with various distinct spectral states not seen in other sources. These states have been characterized in many studies. Because of its softness and intrinsic low flux above typically 50 keV, very little is known about the hard X/soft gamma-ray (100–1000 keV) emission in Cygnus X-3.
Aims. Using the whole INTEGRAL data base, we aim to explore the 3–1000 keV spectra of Cygnus X-3. This allows to probe this region with the highest sensitivity ever, and search for the potential signature of a high-energy non-thermal component as sometimes seen in other sources.
Methods. Our work is based on state classification carried out in previous studies with data from the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer. We extend this classification to the whole INTEGRAL data set in order to perform a long-term state-resolved spectral analysis. Six stacked spectra were obtained using 16 years of data from JEM-X (3–25 keV), ISGRI (25–300 keV), and SPI (20–400 keV).
Results. We extract stacked images in three different energy bands, and detect the source up to 200 keV. In the hardest states, our purely phenomenological approach clearly reveals the presence of an additonnal component > 50 keV in addition to the component usually interpreted as thermal Comptonization. We apply a more physical model of hybrid thermal/nonthermal corona (EQPAIR) to characterize this nonthermal component and compare our results with those of previous studies and analyses. Our modeling indicates a more efficient acceleration of electrons in states where major ejections are observed. We also evaluate and find a dependence of the photon index of the power law as a function of the strong orbital modulation of the source in the Flaring InterMediate state. This dependence could be due to a higher absorption when Cygnus X-3 is behind its companion. However, the uncertainties on the density column prevent us from drawing any firm conclusions.
Mass storage interface LTSM for FAIR Phase 0 data acquisition
Authors: Adamczewski-Musch Jörn , Stibor Thomas 
Published: November 2020

Since 2018 several FAIR Phase 0 beamtimes have been operated at GSI, Darmstadt. Here the new challenging technologies for the upcoming FAIR facility shall be tested while various physics experiments are performed with the existing GSI accelerators. One of these challenges concerns the performance, reliability, and scalability of the experiment data storage. Raw data as collected by event building software of large scale detector data acquisition has to be safely written to a mass storage system like a magnetic tape library. Besides this long term archive, it is often required to process this data as soon as possible on a high performance compute farm.
The C library LTSM (“Lightweight Tivoli Storage Management”) has been developed at the GSI IT department based on the IBM TSM software. It provides a file API that allows for writing raw listmode data files via TCP/IP sockets directly to an IBM TSM storage server. Moreover, the LTSM library offers Lustre HSM (“Hierarchical Storage Management”) capabilities for seamlessly archiving and retrieving data stored on Lustre file system and TSM server.
In spring 2019 LTSM has been employed at the FAIR Phase 0 beamtimes at GSI. For the HADES experiment LTSM was implemented into the DABC (“Data Acquisition Backbone Core”) event building software. During the 4 weeks of Ag+Ag@1.58 AGeV beam, the HADES event builders have transferred about 400 TB of data via 8 parallel 10 GbE sockets, both to the TSM archive and to the “GSI green cube” HPC farm.
For other FAIR Phase 0 experiments using the vintage MBS (“Multi Branch System”) event builders, an LTSM gateway application has been developed to connect the legacy RFIO (“Remote File I/O”) protocol of these DAQ systems with the new storage interface.
Using multiple engines in the Virtual Monte Carlo package
Authors: Volkel Benedikt , Morsch Andreas , Hřivnáčová Ivana , Grosse-Oetringhaus Jan Fiete , Wenzel Sandro 
Published: November 2020

The Virtual Monte Carlo (VMC) package provides a unified interface to different detector simulation transport engines such as GEANT3 and GEANT4. It has been in production use in various experiments but so far the simulation of one event was restricted to the usage of a single chosen engine. We introduce here the possibility to mix multiple engines within the simulation of a single event. Depending on user conditions the simulation is partitioned among the chosen engines, for instance to profit from each of their advantages or specific capabilities. Such conditions can depend on phase space, geometry, particle type or an arbitrary combination.
As a main achievement, this development allows for the implementation of fast simulation kernels at the VMC level which can be used stand-alone or together with full simulation engines. This capability is crucial to cope with largely increasing data expected in future LHC runs.
Building an IRIS Trust Framework
Authors: Crooks David , Neilson Ian , Kelsey David P. , Collier Ian 
Published: November 2020

IRIS is the co-ordinating body of a UK science eInfrastructure and is a collaboration between UKRI-STFC, its resource providers and representatives from the science activities themselves. We describe an ongoing project to build a security policy trust framework suitable for use across the IRIS community using the AARC Policy Development Kit. Derived from existing practice, the AARC PDK aims to assist in efficiently bootstrapping a Research Infrastructure in the operation of an authentication and authorisation infrastructure in line with the AARC Blueprint Architecture, making resources accessible to researchers in an easy and secure fashion.
We document the experience gained to date by the IRIS community in adopting component policies of the AARC PDK to build a trust framework to form a foundation for resource sharing, access and trust for a national infrastructure collaboration.
GOCDB - new communities, new requirements, new architecture
Authors: Corbett Greg , Ryall George , Collier Ian 
Published: November 2020

GOCDB is the official repository for storing and presenting EGI and WLCG topology and resource information. It is a definitive information source, with the emphasis on user communities to maintain their own data. It is intentionally designed to have no dependencies on other operational tools for information.
In recent years, funding sources and user communities have evolved and GOCDB is developing to meet the resulting new requirements, such as allowing more programmatic updates to the data within GOCDB. We will explain the roadmap for developing GOCDB and the motivation for the changes on that Roadmap.
As GOCDB, and the team supporting it, has evolved, we have re-examined the underpinning architecture for GOCDB. We will set out the changes we have made as a result.
China-EU scientific cooperation on JUNO distributed computing
Authors: Andronico Giuseppe 
Published: November 2020

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is an underground 20 kton liquid scintillator detector being built in the south of China. Targeting an unprecedented relative energy resolution of 3% at 1 MeV, JUNO will be able to study neutrino oscillation phenomena and determine neutrino mass ordering with a statistical significance of 3-4 sigma within six years running time.These physics challenges are addressed by a large Collaboration localized in three continents. In this context, key to the success of JUNO will be the realization of a distributed computing infrastructure to fulfill foreseen computing needs.Computing infrastructure development is performed jointly by the Institute for High Energy Physics (IHEP) (part of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)), and a number of Italian, French and Russian data centers, already part of WLCG (Worldwide LHC Computing Grid).Upon its establishment, JUNO is expected to deliver not less than 2 PB of data per year, to be stored in the data centers throughout China and Europe. Data analysis activities will be also carried out in cooperation.This contribution is meant to report on China-EU cooperation to design and build together the JUNO computing infrastructure and to describe its main characteristics and requirements.