bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The evaluation of the reporting quality of observational studies in Master of Public Health’s dissertations in China
Authors: Dai ShuangYang , Zhou Xiaobin , Xu Hong , Li Beibei , Zhang JinGao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds Master of public health (MPH) plays an important role in Chinese medical education, and the dissertations is an important part of MPH education. In MPH dissertations, most are observational studies. Compared with randomized controlled trial (RCT), observational studies are more prone to information bias. So, the reporting of the observational studies should be transparent and standard. But, no research on evaluating the reporting quality of the MPH dissertation has been found.
Methods A systematic literature search was performed in the Wanfang database from January 1, 2014 to May 31, 2019. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observation Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement was adopted to evaluate the reporting quality of the selected studies. Articles that met the following criteria were selected: (1) observational studies, including cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, and cohort studies; (2) original articles; (3) studies on humans, including both adults and children.
Results The Median of compliance to individual STROBE items was 74.79%. The mean (standard deviation) of STROBE score was 14.29 (1.84). Five items/sub-items were 100% reported (“reported” and “partly reported” were combined): background, objectives, study design, report numbers of individuals at each stage, and key result. Fifteen items/sub-items were reported by 75% or more. Reporting of methods and results was often omitted: missing data (6.67%), sensitivity analyses (3.63%), flow diagram (15.15%), and absolute risk (0%). Logistic regression analysis indicated that cohort studies (OR=3.41, 95% CI=1.27-9.16), funding support (OR=4.37, 95% CI=1.27-9.16) and more published papers during postgraduate period (OR=3.46, 95% CI=1.40-8.60) were related to high reporting quality.
Conclusion In short, the reporting quality of observational studies in MPH’s dissertations in China is suboptimal. However, it’s necessary to improve the reporting of method and results sections. We recommend that authors should be stricter to adhere STROBE statement when conducting observational studies.
Comprehensive analysis on phenotype and genetic basis of Chinese Fanconi anemia patients: dismal outcomes call for nationwide studies
Authors: Nie Daijing , Zhang Jing , Wang Fang , Zhang Wei , Liu Lili , Chen Xue , Zhang Yang , Cao Panxiang , Xiong Min , Wang Tong , Wu Ping , Ma Xiaoli , Tian Wenjun , Wang Mangju , Chen Kylan N. , Liu Hongxing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Fanconi anemia (FA) is the most common inherited bone marrow failure (BMF) syndrome with 22 related genes identified. The ALDH2 rs671variant has been proved related to accelerate the progression of BMF in FA patients. The phenotype and genetic basis of Chinese FA patients have not been investigated yet.
Methods: We analyzed the 22 FA-related genes of 63 BMF patients suspected to be FA.Clinical manifestations, morphological and cytogenetic feathers, ALDH2 genotypes, treatment, and outcomes of the definite cases were retrospectively studied.
Results: A total of 21 patients were confirmed the diagnosis of FA with the median age of BMF onset was 4-year-old. The number of patients manifested as congenital malformations and growth retardation were 20/21 and 14/21, respectively. BM dysplasia and cytogenetic abnormalities were found in 13/20 and 8/19 patients. All the patients with abnormal karyotypes also manifested as BM dysplasia or had evident blasts. Thirty-five different mutations were identified involving six genes and including twenty novel mutations. FANCA mutations contributed to 66.67% of cases. Eight patients harboring ALDH2 -G/A genotype have a significantly younger age of BMF onset ( p =0.025). Within the 19 patients adhering to continuous follow-up, 15 patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCTs). During the 29 months of follow-up, 8/19 patients died, seven of which were HSCT-related, and one patient who did not receive HSCT died from severe infection.
Conclusion: The phenotypic and genetic spectrum of Chinese FA patients is broad. Bone marrow dysplasia and cytogenetic abnormalities are prevalent and highly consistent. The overall outcome of HSCTs is disappointing. Nationwide multicenter studies are needed for the rarity and adverse outcome of this disease.
Photosynthesis, biomass and fine root growth dynamics of soybean in walnut-soybean agroforestry system
Authors: Liu Bin , Gao Pengxiang , Zhang Shuoxin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Agroforestry system is regarded as a promising practice in sustainable agricultural management. However, the effects of long-term tree-based intercropping on crop remain poorly understood, especially in the Loess Plateau. In this study, the impacts of photosynthetic and respiration rate were determined by the portable photosynthesis system (Li-6400), and the effects of the root growth dynamics of soybean in walnut-soybean intercropping system were measured by soil auger and WinRHIZO root analysis system, in the Loess Plateau.
Results: The results showed that soybean reached the highest net photosynthetic rate during flowering period, with the net photosynthetic rate of intercropped soybean, which was 20.40µmol·m-2·s-1, significantly higher than that of its monocropped counterpart. Soybean biomass reached the maximum during the pod-bearing period, with intercropped soybean biomass being 25.49g, significantly higher than that of its monocropped counterpart. The mean diameter and increased density of soybean fine roots reduced along with increased soil depth. Both the diameter (0.43mm) and increased density (930cm/dm3) of intercropped soybean fine roots were evidently higher than those of monocropped soybean(0.35mm, 780cm/dm3). With increasing cropping years, fine roots of intercropped soybean tended to be mainly distributed in soil at a depth between 0 and 20cm from the fifth year.
Conclusion: Collectively, compared with soybean monoculture, walnut soybean agroforestry system is more conducive to soybean growth in the Loess Plateau.
The prognostic value of IDO expression in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Sen , Wu Jia , Shen Han , Wang Junjun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the metabolism of tryptophan into kynurenine. It is considered to be an immunosuppressive molecule that plays an important role in the development of tumors. However, the association between IDO and solid tumor prognosis remains unclear. Herein, we retrieved relevant published literature and analyzed the association between IDO expression and prognosis in solid tumors. Methods: Studies related to IDO expression and tumor prognosis were retrieved using PMC, EMbase and web of science database. Overall survival (OS), time to tumor progression (TTP) and other data in each study were extracted. Hazard ratio (HR) was used for analysis and calculation, while heterogeneity and publication bias between studies were also analyzed. Results: A total of 31 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, high expression of IDO was significantly associated with poor OS (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.52–2.43, P <0.001) and TTP (HR 2.25 95% CI 1.58–3.22, P <0.001). However, there was significant heterogeneity between studies on OS (I 2 =81.1%, P <0.001) and TTP (I 2 =54.8%, P =0.007). Subgroup analysis showed lower heterogeneity among prospective studies, studies of the same tumor type, and studies with follow-up periods longer than 45 months. Conclusions: The high expression of IDO was significantly associated with the poor prognosis of solid tumors, suggesting that it can be used as a biomarker for tumor prognosis and as a potential target for tumor therapy.
Comparative transcriptome profiling reveals cold stress responsiveness in two contrasting Chinese jujube cultivars
Authors: Zhou Heying , He Ying , Zhu Yongsheng , Li Meiyu , Song Shuang , Bo Wenhao , Li Yingyue , Pang Xiaoming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Low temperature is a major factor influencing the growth and development of Chinese jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) in cold winter and spring. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms enabling jujube to cope with different freezing stress conditions. To elucidate the freezing-related molecular mechanism, we conducted comparative transcriptome analysis between ‘Dongzao’ (low freezing tolerance cultivar) and ‘Jinsixiaozao’ (high freezing tolerance cultivar) using RNA-Seq.
Results: More than 20,000 genes were detected at chilling (4°C) and freezing (-10°C, -20°C, -30°C and -40°C) stress between the two cultivars. The numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two cultivars were 1831, 2030, 1993, 1845 and 2137 under the five treatments. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that the metabolic pathway, response to stimulus and catalytic activity were significantly enriched under stronger freezing stress. Among the DEGs, nine participated in the Ca 2+ signal pathway, thirty-two were identified to participate in sucrose metabolism, and others were identified to participate in the regulation of ROS, plant hormones and antifreeze proteins. In addition, important transcription factors ( WRKY , AP2 / ERF , NAC and bZIP ) participating in freezing stress were activated under different degrees of freezing stress.
Conclusions: Our research first provides a more comprehensive understanding of DEGs involved in freezing stress at the transcriptome level in two Z. jujuba cultivars with different freezing tolerances. These results may help to elucidate the molecular mechanism of freezing tolerance in jujube and also provides new insights and candidate genes for genetically enhancing freezing stress tolerance.
The evaluation of the distance between the popliteus tendon and the lateral collateral ligament footprint and the implant in Total Knee Arthroplasty using a 3-dimensional template.
Authors: Takubo Akihito , Ryu Keinosuke , Iriuchishima Takanori , Nagaoka Masahiro , Tokuhashi Yasuaki , Aizawa Shin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
When surgeons perform TKA, popliteus tendon (PT) and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) iatrogenic injuries are a risk because the femoral attachments are relatively close to the bone resection area. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distance between the PT or LCL footprint and the TKA implant using a 3D template system and to evaluate any significant differences according to the implant model.
Methods
Eighteen non-paired formalin fixed cadaveric lower limbs were used. All the surrounding soft tissue except the PT, ligaments and meniscus were removed from the knee. Careful dissection of the PT and LCL was performed, and the femoral footprints were detected. Each footprint periphery was marked with a K-wire. CT scanning was then performed. The data was analyzed with a 3D template system. This simulation models for TKA were the Journey II BCS and the Persona PS. The area of each footprint, and the length between the most distal and posterior point of the lateral femoral condyle and the edge of each footprint were measured. Matching the implant model to the CT image, the shortest length between each footprint and the osteotomy area were calculated.
Results
The area of the PT and LCL footprints was 38.7±17.7mm 2 and 58.0±24.6mm 2 . The length between the most distal and posterior point of the lateral femoral condyle and the edge of the PT footprint was 10.3±2.4mm and 14.2±2.8mm. The length between these same points and the edge of the LCL footprint was 16.3±2.3mm and 15.5±3.3mm. Under TKA simulation, for the Journey II BCS and the Persona PS, the shortest length between the PT footprint and the osteotomy area was 4.3±2.5mm and 3.2±2.9mm, and the shortest length between the LCL footprint and the osteotomy area was 7.2±2.3mm and 5.6±2.1mm. The PT attachment was damaged by the bone resection of the Journey II BCS and the Persona PS TKA in 3 and 9 knee.
Conclusion
The PT and LCL femoral attachments existed close to the femoral bone resection area of the TKA. Careful attention is needed to avoid damage to the PT and LCL during surgical procedures.
TV2++: A Novel Spatial-Temporal Total Variation for Super Resolution with Exponential-type Norm
Authors: Deng Lizhen , Zhou Zhetao , Xu Guoxia , Zhu Hu , Bao Bing-Kun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Recently, many super-resolution algorithms have been proposed to recover high resolution images to improve visualization and help better analyze images. Among them, total variation regularization (TV) methods have been proven to have a good effect in retaining image edge information. However, these TV methods do not consider the temporal correlation between images. Our algorithm designs a new TV regularization (TV2++) to take advantage of the time dimension information of the images, further improving the utilization of useful information in the images. In addition, the union of global low rank regularization and TV regularization further enhances the image super resolution recovery. And we extend the exponential-type penalty (ETP) function on singular values of a matrix to enhance low-rank matrix recovery. A novel image super-resolution algorithm based on the ETP norm and TV2++ regularization is proposed. And the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is applied to solve the optimization problems effectively. Numerous experimental results prove that the proposed algorithm is superior to other algorithms.
Coverage of Community Case Management for Malaria through CHWs: A Quantitative Assessment using Primary Household Surveys of High-burden Areas in Chhattisgarh state of India
Authors: Garg Samir , Gurung Preeti , Dewangan Mukesh , Nanda Prabodh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Community case management of malaria (CCMM) has been implemented through community health workers (CHWs) in many countries. Existing studies have shown that CHWs can be viable means of implementing CCMM. However, not many studies have examined the coverage under large-scale CCMM programmes. India is a big contributor to global malaria burden. Chhattisgarh is a leading state in India in terms of malaria incidence and mortality. CCMM was implemented on a large scale through the ‘mitanin’ CHWs in rural Chhattisgarh from 2015. Under CCMM, 37696 CHWs in 84 high-burden administrative blocks of the state were trained and equipped with rapid diagnostic tests (RDT), artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) and chloroquine.
Methods
This descriptive quantitative study assesses coverage of CCMM in detection and treatment of Malaria over three rounds of household surveys - 2015, 2016 and 2018. Household-interviews covered more than 15,000 individuals in each round, using multi-stage random sampling across the 84 blocks. The main objectives were to find out the coverage in identification and treatment of malaria and the share of CHWs in them. A 15-days recall was used to find out cases of fever and healthcare sought by them.
Results
In 2018, 62% of febrile cases in rural population contacted CHWs. RDT, ACT and chloroquine were available with 96%, 80% and 95% of CHWs, respectively. From 2015 to 2018, the share of CHWs in testing of febrile cases increased from 34% to 70%, while it increased from 28% to 69% in treatment of malaria cases. CHWs performed better than other providers in treatment-completion and administered medication under direct observation to 72% of cases they treated.
Conclusion
This study adds to one of the most crucial but relatively less reported area of CCMM programmes, i.e. the extent of coverage of the total febrile population by CHWs, which subsequently determines the actual coverage of case-management in malaria. Mitanin-CHWs achieved high coverage and treatment-completion rates that were rarely reported in context of large-scale CCMM elsewhere. Close to community, well-trained CHWs with sufficient supplies of rapid tests and anti-malarial drugs can play a key role in achieving the desired coverage in malaria-management.
Prospective Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Adults with Alström Syndrome: Silent Progression of Diffuse Interstitial Fibrosis.
Authors: Baig Shanat , Dowd Rory , Edwards Nicola C , Hodson James , Fabritz Larissa , Vijapurapu Ravi , Liu Boyang , Geberhiwot Tarekegn , Steeds Richard P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Alström syndrome (ALMS) is a rare ciliopathy characterised by early onset insulin resistance, obesity, and dyslipidaemia and is a model for diseases that have huge social, health and economic impact. Cardiomyopathy develops in the majority, with high rates of morbidity and mortality, the definitive feature of which is the presence of coarse replacement fibrosis and diffuse myocardial fibrosis (DIF). The pathogenesis of heart failure is thought to involve fibroblast accumulation and expansion of the extracellular matrix with excess protein deposition, leading to distorted organ architecture and impaired contractile function. Consecutive adults with genetically proven ALMS attending the National Centre for Rare Disease in Birmingham, England were studied. All patients underwent serial CMR, echocardiography and venous blood sampling following standard clinical practice, with computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) performed to assess severity of CAD. The aims of this study were: 1) to evaluate changes over time in DIF by cardiovascular magnetic resonance tissue characterization in ALMS; 2) to examine whether changes in DIF are associated with alteration in systolic or diastolic function; and 3) to evaluate the frequency and severity of coronary artery disease as a confounder for progression of ischaemic versus non-ischaemic fibrosis.
Results
In total, 30/32 adults (63% male; 67% White British) participated. The median age at first scan was 21.3 years (interquartile range: 19.0-32.6) and participants were followed for a maximum of 67 months. Only 4 patients had significant coronary artery stenosis on post-mortem, invasive or CTCA. Mid short axis myocardial T1 times, myocardial extracellular volume, and left ventricular mass increased significantly over time, by an average of 21.8ms (95% CI 17.4 – 26.1; p<0.001), 0.011 (0.006 – 0.016, p<0.001), and 2.8 g/m 2 (1.9 – 3.7; p<0.001) per year, respectively. These changes were not associated with significant deterioration in myocardial structure or function.
Conclusions
This is the first comprehensive prospective study demonstrating progression of DIF in ALMS over time, although no structural or functional consequences were noted within a median three and a half years’ follow up. Further study is warranted to define whether DIF is a by-stander or the driver to impaired contractile function, heart failure and death.
Numerical simulation of atomization process of nickel-based alloy powders prepared by vacuum induction melting gas atomization
Authors: Guo Kuai-Kuai , Chen Jin , Shang Shuo , Liu Chang-Sheng 
Published: June 2020

ANSYS Fluent 19.0 software is used to numerically simulate atomization process in the production of nickel-based alloy powders by VIGA. The gas flow field in the atomizing chamber and atomization process of the metal melt is studied. Atomizing air flow is sprayed through the nozzle to form supersonic gas flow. The results show that the recirculation zone is inverted cone, and the length of recirculation zone is 12.28 mm. Under the stagnation point, the velocity direction of the air flow is downward, and the velocity increases gradually (the maximum is 457.43 m/s). In gas-liquid two-phase state, the length of recirculation zone is about 16 mm. The higher the turbulence in the recirculation zone and turbulent layer, the more intense the interaction between primary and secondary atomization.
Modal finite element analysis of PCBs and the role of material anisotropy
Authors: Kalyani Uday H. , Wylie Mark 
Published: June 2020

Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) are epoxy resin-impregnated and cured sheets of counter woven glass fabric (e.g. FR4) laminated between thin sheets of Copper. The nature of the PCB is inherently anisotropic and inhomogeneous but previous modal FEMs of PCBs have assumed isotropic, anisotropic (transversely isotropic and orthotropic) material properties and shown good correlation with test data for specific scenarios [1-3]. This paper details part of a research program aimed at gaining a better understanding of accurately modeling PCB’s dynamic behavior. New investigations into the impact of material anisotropy and, in particular, the effect of material orthogonal plane definition (Ex and Ey) on eigenfrequencies is analysed. A modal FEM of a JEDEC PCB is created, verified, and validated using well established theories by Steinberg and empirical data by others [4, 5]. The relative contributions of Ex, Ey and Ez on PCB eigenfrequencies is examined using a parametric modal FEM, analysing the role of material isotropy verses anisotropy. The impact of transversely isotropic material properties is also analysed for a typical JEDEC PCB. This analysis details the mesh density required for accurately modeling the PCB eigenfrequencies. The results show that a 100 % increase in Ez has only a 0.2 % difference in the eigenfrequency where as a 100 % increase in Ey has a 1.2 % difference in the eigenfrequency. The effect of orthotropic plane definition (alternating Ex with Ey) on the JEDEC PCB amount to a 7.95 % delta in eigenfrequency.
Bearing fault identification based on ASMOTE-CFR
Authors: Cheng Huanke , Wang Ping , Wang Guangbin , Lv Ying 
Published: June 2020

Aiming at the problem of data unbalance caused by the lack of bearing failure test data, the paper proposes a collaborative filtering recommendation (CFR) method for adaptive Smote (ASMOTE) resampling and matrix decomposition of minority samples (ASMOTE-CFR). The method first adopts adaptive Smote method to synthesize different number of new sample equalization test data sets according to the data distribution. and then a variety of typical feature values such as time domain, frequency domain, time frequency domain, etc. are extracted to obtain the bearing feature matrix, and then a scoring matrix that accurately describes the bearing state is designed and based on the matrix Based on the decomposed collaborative filtering algorithm, a set of collaborative filtering recommendation system for bearing state recognition is proposed. Using this method, different forms of fault data on the outer ring of the rolling bearing were identified and verified. The accuracy of identification reached more than 98 %. Compared with the recognition accuracy of the collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm, this method improved 8 %.