bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinico-epidemiological characteristics of Kawasaki-like disease in paediatric patients with COVID-19: a protocol for rapid living systematic review
Authors: Sinha Abhinav , Nayak Swetalina , Dehuri Priyadarshini , Kanungo Srikanta , Pati Sanghamitra 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionThe COVID-19 outbreak has posed a major challenge to healthcare providers. Due to its communicable nature, very stringent public health interventions have been put in place worldwide; yet, it still poses new emerging challenges, one of the most recent being a multisystem inflammatory condition with clinical features resembling Kawasaki-like disease and toxic shock syndrome in children and adolescents. The data on this novel condition are scarce which need to be reported to identify its clinico-epidemiological and geographical distribution. There is an urgent need to generate evidence for diagnosis and management of this condition in the midst of a pandemic.Methods and analysisThis systematic review will be conducted using Medline database searched through PubMed, Embase, Ovid; and Google Scholar, ProQuest and EBSCO databases will also be searched along with grey literature with the aim to identify the clinical features, aetiopathology, laboratory findings, treatment modes and outcomes of Kawasaki-like disease among paediatric patients suffering from COVID-19. Original articles reporting Kawasaki-like disease in paediatric patients with COVID-19 will be retrieved after screening by two independent reviewers. Data will be extracted in a specially designed form and studies will be assessed independently for risk of bias. Data will be extracted for the following: author, journal title, publication year, study design, study setting, demographic characteristics, sample size, clinical features, aetiopathology, laboratory findings, modes and doses of treatment given, strength and weakness of studies. A descriptive and quantitative analysis will be completed.Ethics and disseminationThis is a literature-based review study with no ethical concerns. We will publish the results in a peer-reviewed journal and present at a conference.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020187427.
Awareness, knowledge and attitudes towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation among people with and without heart disease relatives in South China: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Teng Yun , Li Yunxuan , Xu Liya , Chen Fanyu , Chen Hailiu , Jin Ling , Chen Jimei , Huang Jingjing , Xu Gang 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesTo assess the awareness, knowledge and attitudes towards cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among relatives of people with and without heart disease and their influence in South China.DesignThis is a cross-sectional survey. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the demographic factors associated with CPR training, learning and knowledge.SettingThe study was conducted in two hospitals, the largest cardiovascular institute and the largest eye care centre in South China.ParticipantsHealthy individuals who accompanied their relatives with heart disease to the outpatient department of cardiovascular disease and systemically healthy patients who came for regular ophthalmic examination and had no relatives with heart disease were consecutively recruited for the study. A total of 1644 respondents with heart disease relatives and 813 respondents without heart disease relatives completed the survey.ResultsThirty three per cent of respondents never heard of CPR and only 11% had received CPR training. Factors associated with a higher rate of CPR training were higher level of education and income (p<0.001). Most respondents stated that CPR training was necessary and would like to learn CPR. However, only one-third considered it beneficial to perform CPR as a layperson. In addition, healthcare respondents (p<0.001), younger (p<0.05) and more educated respondents (p<0.001) earned higher scores on the knowledge of CPR skills. Only 5.3% had perfect scores on a CPR skills test. Notably, respondents with relatives suffering from heart disease had significantly less training experience and CPR knowledge than those without (p<0.001).ConclusionsAlthough the attitudes towards learning CPR are very positive, there was a lack of knowledge on this topic among the general public. This study demonstrates an urgent need to boost awareness and training in CPR in South China, especially among people whose relatives have heart disease.
Global impact of tobacco control policies on smokeless tobacco use: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Arora Monika , Chugh Aastha , Jain Neha , Mishu Masuma , Boeckmann Melanie , Dahanayake Suranji , Eckhardt Jappe , Forberger Sarah , Huque Rumana , Kanaan Mona , Khan Zohaib , Mehrotra Ravi , Rahman Muhammad Aziz , Readshaw Anne , Sheikh Aziz , Siddiqi Kamran , Vidyasagaran Aishwarya , Dogar Omara 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionSmokeless tobacco (ST) was consumed by 356 million people globally in 2017. Recent evidence shows that ST consumption is responsible for an estimated 652 494 all-cause deaths across the globe annually. The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) was negotiated in 2003 and ratified in 2005 to implement effective tobacco control measures. While the policy measures enacted through various tobacco control laws have been effective in reducing the incidence and prevalence of smoking, the impact of ST-related policies (within WHO FCTC and beyond) on ST use is under-researched and not collated.Methods and analysisA systematic review will be conducted to collate all available ST-related policies implemented across various countries and assess their impact on ST use. The following databases will be searched: Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, EconLit, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library (CENTRAL), African Index Medicus, LILACS, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Index Medicus for South-East Asia Region, Western Pacific Region Index Medicus and WHO Library Database, as well as Google search engine and country-specific government websites. All ST-related policy documents (FCTC and non-FCTC) will be included. Results will be limited to literature published since 2005 in English and regional languages (Bengali, Hindi and Urdu). Two reviewers will independently employ two-stage screening to determine inclusion. The Effective Public Health Practice Project’s ‘Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies’ will be used to record ratings of quality and risk of bias among studies selected for inclusion. Data will be extracted using a standardised form. Meta-analysis and narrative synthesis will be used.Ethics and disseminationPermission for ethics exemption of the review was obtained from the Centre for Chronic Disease Control’s Institutional Ethics Committee, India (CCDC_IEC_06_2020; dated 16 April 2020). The results will be disseminated through publications in a peer-reviewed journal and will be presented in national and international conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020191946.
Medical treatment of SUNCT and SUNA: a prospective open-label study including single-arm meta-analysis
Authors: Lambru Giorgio , Stubberud Anker , Rantell Khadija , Lagrata Susie , Tronvik Erling , Matharu Manjit Singh 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionThe management of short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) and short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with cranial autonomic symptoms (SUNA) remains challenging in view of the paucity of data and evidence-based treatment recommendations are missing.MethodsIn this single-centre, non-randomised, prospective open-label study, we evaluated and compared the efficacy of oral and parenteral treatments for SUNCT and SUNA in a real-world setting. Additionally, single-arm meta-analyses of the available reports of SUNCT and SUNA treatments were conducted.ResultsThe study cohort comprised 161 patients. Most patients responded to lamotrigine (56%), followed by oxcarbazepine (46%), duloxetine (30%), carbamazepine (26%), topiramate (25%), pregabalin and gabapentin (10%). Mexiletine and lacosamide were effective in a meaningful proportion of patients but poorly tolerated. Intravenous lidocaine given for 7–10 days led to improvement in 90% of patients, whereas only 27% of patients responded to a greater occipital nerve block. No statistically significant differences in responders were observed between SUNCT and SUNA. In the meta-analysis of the pooled data, topiramate was found to be significantly more effective in SUNCT than SUNA patients. However, a higher proportion of SUNA than SUNCT was considered refractory to medications at the time of the topiramate trial, possibly explaining this isolated difference.ConclusionsWe propose a treatment algorithm for SUNCT and SUNA for clinical practice. The response to sodium channel blockers indicates a therapeutic overlap with trigeminal neuralgia, suggesting that sodium channels dysfunction may be a key pathophysiological hallmark in these disorders. Furthermore, the therapeutic similarities between SUNCT and SUNA further support the hypothesis that these conditions are variants of the same disorder.
Bianchi type-III Tsallis holographic dark energy model in Saez–Ballester theory of gravitation
Authors: Santhi M. Vijaya , Sobhanbabu Y. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we have investigated Tsallis holographic dark energy (infrared cutoff is the Hubble radius) in homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type-III Universe within the framework of Saez–Ballester scalar–tensor theory of gravitation. We have constructed non-interaction and interaction dark energy models by solving the Saez–Ballester field equations. To solve the field equations, we assume a relationship between the metric potentials of the model. We developed the various cosmological parameters (namely deceleration parameter q, equation of state parameter $$\omega _t$$

ω
t

, squared sound speed $$v_s^2$$

v
s
2

, om-diagnostic parameter Om(z) and scalar field $$\phi $$
ϕ
) and well-known cosmological planes (namely $$\omega _t-\omega _t^{'}$$

ω
t

-

ω
t

′

plane, where $$'$$

′

denotes derivative with respect to ln(a) and statefinders ($$r-s$$

r
-
s

) plane) and analyzed their behavior through graphical representation for our both the models. It is also, quite interesting to mention here that the obtained results are coincide with the modern observational data.
A theoretical analysis of the semileptonic decays $$\eta ^{(\prime )}\rightarrow \pi ^0l^+l^-$$ and $$\eta ^\prime \rightarrow \eta l^+l^-$$
Authors: Escribano Rafel , Royo Emilio 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA complete theoretical analysis of the C- conserving semileptonic decays $$\eta ^{(\prime )}\rightarrow \pi ^0l^+l^-$$

η

(
′
)

→

π
0

l
+

l
-

and $$\eta ^\prime \rightarrow \eta l^+l^-$$

η
′

→
η

l
+

l
-

($$l=e$$

l
=
e

or $$\mu $$
μ
) is carried out within the framework of the Vector Meson Dominance (VMD) model. An existing phenomenological model is used to parametrise the VMD coupling constants and the associated numerical values are obtained from an optimisation fit to $$V\rightarrow P\gamma $$

V
→
P
γ

and $$P\rightarrow V\gamma $$

P
→
V
γ

radiative decays ($$V=\rho ^0$$

V
=

ρ
0

, $$\omega $$
ω
, $$\phi $$
ϕ
and $$P=\pi ^0$$

P
=

π
0

, $$\eta $$
η
, $$\eta ^{\prime }$$

η
′

). The decay widths and dilepton energy spectra for the two $$\eta \rightarrow \pi ^0l^+l^-$$

η
→

π
0

l
+

l
-

processes obtained using this approach are compared and found to be in good agreement with other results available in the published literature. Theoretical predictions for the four $$\eta ^{\prime }\rightarrow \pi ^0l^+l^-$$

η
′

→

π
0

l
+

l
-

and $$\eta ^\prime \rightarrow \eta l^+l^-$$

η
′

→
η

l
+

l
-

decay widths and dilepton energy spectra are calculated and presented for the first time in this work.
The generic sudden singularity in Brans–Dicke theory
Authors: Barrow John D. , Cotsakis Spiros , Trachilis Dimitrios 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe construct a formal asymptotic series expansion for a general solution of the Brans–Dicke equations with a fluid source near a sudden singularity. This solution contains 11 independent arbitrary functions of the spatial coordinates as required by the Cauchy problem of the theory. We show that the solution is geodesically complete and has the character of a shock wave in the sudden asymptotic region. This solution is weak in the senses of Tipler and Krolak as in the corresponding case of general relativity.
E1A Sensitizes Cancer Cells to TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis through Enhancement of Caspase Activation
Authors: Shao Ruping , Lee Dung-Fang , Wen Yong , Ding Yi , Xia Weiya , Ping Bo , Yagita Hideo , Spohn Bill , Hung Mien-Chie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been shown to induce apoptosis of cancer cells. Sensitization of cancer cells to TRAIL, particularly TRAIL-resistant cancer cells, could improve the effectiveness of TRAIL as an anticancer agent. The adenovirus type 5 E1A that associates with anticancer activities including sensitization to apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor is currently being tested in clinical trials. In this study, we investigated the sensitivity to TRAIL in the E1A transfectants ip1-E1A2 and 231-E1A cells and the parental TRAIL-resistant human ovarian cancer SKOV3.ip1 and TRAIL-sensitive human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. The results indicated that the percentage of TRAIL-induced apoptotic cells was significantly higher in the E1A transfectants of both cell lines than it was in the parental cell lines. To further investigate the cellular mechanism of this effect, we found that E1A enhances TRAIL-induced activation of caspase-8, caspase-9, and caspase-3. Inhibition of caspase-3 activity by a specific inhibitor, Z-DEVD-fmk, abolished TRAIL-induced apoptosis. In addition, E1A enhanced TRAIL expression in ip1-E1A2 cells, but not in 231-E1A cells, and the anti-TRAIL neutralizing antibody N2B2 blocked the E1A-mediated bystander effect in vitro. Taken together, these results suggest that E1A sensitizes both TRAIL-sensitive and TRAIL-resistant cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, which occurs through the enhancement of caspase activation; activation of caspase-3 is required for TRAIL-induced apoptosis; and E1A-induced TRAIL expression is involved in the E1A-mediated bystander effect. Combination of E1A and TRAIL could be an effective treatment for cancer.
Fos-Related Antigen 1 Modulates Malignant Features of Glioma Cells
Authors: Debinski Waldemar , Gibo Denise M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Malignant gliomas, and high-grade gliomas (HGG) in particular, are nonmetastasizing but locally infiltrating, hypervascularized brain tumors of poor prognosis. We found previously that a c-fos-inducible vascular endothelial growth factor D is ubiquitously up-regulated in HGG grade IV, glioblastoma multiforme, and that glioblastoma multiforme overexpress Fos-related antigen 1 (Fra-1) rather than the c-Fos. We have thus become interested in the role Fra-1 may play in malignant glioma progression/maintenance, because Fra-1 has the capacity to modulate transcription of a variety of target genes. In this work, we have analyzed the biological effects of ectopic Fra-1 expression or Fra-1 knockdown in malignant glioma cells. Ectopic Fra-1 induced prominent phenotypic changes in all three malignant glioma cell lines examined: H4, U-87 MG, and A-172 MG. These changes were reflected in cells becoming more elongated with larger number of cellular processes. Furthermore, Fra-1 transgene caused H4 cells, which do not form tumor xenografts, to regain tumorigenic capacity. The genotype of these cells changed too, because 50 of 1,056 genes examined became either up-regulated or down-regulated. Conversely, Fra-1 knockdown altered prominently the morphology, anchorage-independent growth, tumorigenic potential, and Fra-1 effector expression, such as vascular endothelial growth factor D, in HGG cells. For example, cells transfected with antisense fra-1 showed shorter cellular processes than the control cells that did not grow in agar, and their tumorigenic potential was significantly diminished. Thus, Fra-1 may likely play an important role in the maintenance/progression of malignant gliomas and potentially represents a new target for therapeutic interventions.
MORPHOMETRIC, INSTRUMENTAL AND LABORATORY PARAMETERS OF FEMALE RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: Hrygorieva O. A. , Korotchuk Y. V. 
Published: December 2020

The aim of the study – to learn the dynamics of changes of morphometric, instrumental and laboratory parameters in mature females rats with experimental metabolic syndrome.
Material and Methods. 20 females of white, mature laboratory rats, aged 18–20 months were divided into 2 groups. The first one is an experimental group: 13 female rats with experimental metabolic syndrome; the second one – control group: 7 intact rats, with standard food and water regime. When working with animals, the standards of the Council of Europe Bioethics Convention 1997, the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals were observed. Instruments used during scientific research were subject to metrological control.
The simulation of the metabolic syndrome occurred during 60 days. The females supported a special high-calorie diet (grain with margarine 82 % milk fat, corn and sunflower seeds). The water regime included a 20 % solution of fructose and regular water ad libitum, with change every other day. Also, during the first and the fourth weeks of the experiment, the female daily subcutaneously administered Dexamethasone solution at a dosage of 0.1 mg/kg.
Results. Since the beginning of the experiment, female rats who received a special high-calorie diet showed a statistically significant increase in all morphometric and instrumental indexes compared to similar rats in the control group. An increase in body weight in the experimental group was found to be 28.93 % higher than the original weight, was observed arterial hypertension (141/85±5) mmHg, dyslipidemia: elevated total cholesterol (5.37±0.33) mmol/L and TG (2.55±0.24) mmol/L; elevated level glucose (8.52±0.17) mmol/L. The above indicators are criteria indicating the presence of metabolic syndrome in animals under study.
Conclusions. The proposed model of experimental metabolic syndrome, which includes subcutaneous administration of Dexamethasone solution at a dosage of 0.1 mg/kg in the first and the fourth weeks of experiment, with a special high calorie diet and a 20 % solution of fructose, is an effective way to reproduce the metabolic syndrome in small rodents.
Characterization of Antiphospholipid Syndrome Atherothrombotic Risk by Unsupervised Integrated Transcriptomic Analyses
Authors: Pérez-Sánchez Laura , Patiño-Trives Alejandra M. , Aguirre-Zamorano M. Ángeles , Luque-Tévar María , Ábalos-Aguilera M. Carmen , Arias-de la Rosa Iván , Seguí Pedro , Velasco-Gimena Francisco , Barbarroja Nuria , Escudero-Contreras Alejandro , Collantes-Estévez Eduardo , Pérez-Sánchez Carlos , López-Pedrera Chary 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
Our aim was to characterize distinctive clinical antiphospholipid syndrome phenotypes and identify novel microRNA (miRNA)-mRNA-intracellular signaling regulatory networks in monocytes linked to cardiovascular disease.

Approach and Results:
Microarray analysis in antiphospholipid syndrome monocytes revealed 547 differentially expressed genes, mainly involved in inflammatory, cardiovascular, and reproductive disorders. Besides, this approach identified several genes related to inflammatory, renal, and dermatologic diseases. Functional analyses further demonstrated phosphorylation of intracellular kinases related to thrombosis and immune-mediated chronic inflammation. miRNA profiling showed altered expression of 22 miRNAs, enriched in pathways related to immune functions, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune-associated pathologies. Unbiased integrated mRNA-miRNA analysis identified a signature of 9 miRNAs as potential modulators of 17 interconnected genes related to cardiovascular disease. The altered expression of that miRNA-mRNA signature was proven to be stable along time and distinctive of nonautoimmune thrombotic patients. Transfection studies and luciferase assays established the relationship between specific miRNAs and their identified target genes and proteins, along with their involvement in the regulation of monocytes procoagulant activity and cell adhesion. Correlation analyses showed relationship among altered miRNAs and their interconnected genes with aPL (antiphospholipid antibodies)-titers, along with microvascular endothelial dysfunction. In vitro studies demonstrated modulation in healthy monocytes by IgG-aPLs of several genes/miRNAs, which further intermediated downstream effects on endothelial function. The identified transcriptomic signature allowed the unsupervised division of three clusters of patients with antiphospholipid syndrome showing distinctive clinical profiles, mainly associated with their prothrombotic risk (thrombosis, autoantibody profile, cardiovascular risk factors, and atherosclerosis).

Conclusions:
Extensive molecular profiling of monocytes in patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome might help to identify distinctive clinical phenotypes, thus enabling new patients’ tailored treatments.
Reduction of Connexin 43 Attenuates Angiogenic Effects of Human Smooth Muscle Progenitor Cells via Inactivation of Akt and NF-κB Pathway
Authors: Tien Ting-Yi , Wu Yih-Jer , Su Cheng-Huang , Wang Hsueh-Hsiao , Hsieh Chin-Ling , Wang Bo-Jeng , Su Yeu , Yeh Hung-I. 
Published: December 2020

Objective:
Circulating progenitor cells possess vasculogenesis property and participate in repair of vascular injury. Cx (connexin) 43—a transmembrane protein constituting gap junctions—is involved in vascular pathology. However, the role of Cx43 in smooth muscle progenitor cells (SPCs) remained unclear.

Approach and Results:

Human SPCs cultured from CD34
+
peripheral blood mononuclear cells expressed smooth muscle cell markers, such as smooth muscle MHC (myosin heavy chain), nonmuscle MHC, calponin, and CD140B, and Cx43 was the most abundant Cx isoform. To evaluate the role of Cx43 in SPCs, short interference RNA was used to knock down Cx43 expression. Cellular activities of SPCs were reduced by Cx43 downregulation. In addition, Cx43 downregulation attenuated angiogenic potential of SPCs in hind limb ischemia mice. Protein array and ELISA of the supernatant from SPCs showed that IL (interleukin)-6, IL-8, and HGF (hepatocyte growth factor) were reduced by Cx43 downregulation. Simultaneously, Cx43 downregulation reduced the phosphorylation of NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) and Akt (protein kinase B) pathway and reactivation of NF-κB and Akt using betulinic acid, and SC79 could restore the secretion of growth factors and cytokines. Moreover, FAK (focal adhesion kinase)-Src (proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src) activation was increased by Cx43 downregulation, and inactivation of Akt–NF-κB could be restored by Src inhibitor (PP2), indicating that Akt–NF-κB inactivated by Cx43 downregulation arose from FAK-Src activation. Finally, the depressed cellular activities and secretion of SPCs after Cx43 downregulation were restored by FAK inhibitor PF-562271 or PP2.

Conclusions:
SPCs possess angiogenic potential to repair ischemic tissue mainly through paracrine effects. Gap junction protein Cx43 plays an important role in regulating cellular function and paracrine effects of SPCs through FAK-Src axis.