bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of minimally invasive percutaneous fixation in thoracolumbar fractures: a prospective study
Authors: Elenany Sherief Ahmed , Alkosha Hazem Adel , Ibrahiem Mohamed Safwat 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundEach year, there are approximately 5 million new vertebral fractures worldwide. Being a mobile flexible segment that is prone to severe stresses and loads, thoracolumbar fractures are considered one of the most controversial and challenging fracture types to manage.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to explore the technique and to evaluate feasibility, safety, and outcome of percutaneous transpedicular fixation in the management of thoracolumbar fractures.MethodsThis study was carried out in the period between May 2016 and June 2017, where 20 consecutive patients with thoracolumbar fractures, based on TLICS scoring and neurological status, underwent a posterior percutaneous transpedicular fixation. The mean age was 33.85 years, range 20–49 years. Patients were followed up for 12 months. Patients had their clinical outcomes reviewed and evaluated in terms of cosmesis by visual analog scale (VAS) and in terms of Cobb angle correction.ResultsThe length of the procedure varied from 120 to 180 min with mean time of 154.50 min. There was no significant blood loss in all cases. The volume of blood loss ranged from 150 to 200 cc with mean loss of 174.25 cc.No major intraoperative complications happened in our study cases. Six cases had only one laterally malpositioned screw each. All cases returned to their previous activity without limitations (E5). Those who were completely pain free (F5) were 15 patients. Only five patients were suffering from moderate pain (F4). The Prolo scale was either 9 or 10 with mean of 9.60.ConclusionBy comparing our results with other studies, we found more or less equivalence in terms of neurological recovery, functional outcome, fusion rate, and maintenance of correction gain. However, the cosmesis scores for patients in the study were great.
Awareness about breast cancer and mammogram among women attending outpatient clinics, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Egypt
Authors: Manzour Ayat F. , Gamal Eldin Dina A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Breast diseases in women, whether benign or malignant, are very commonly encountered. The breast is the commonest site for female cancer in Egypt (38.8%). Breast cancer screening can reduce morbidity and mortality and improve the survival rate for this malignancy. Mammogram can be used as a screening technique beside its role as diagnostic, especially in women over 40 years of age.

Objectives
To assess knowledge, attitude and practice regarding breast cancer and awareness about mammogram as a screening method among a group of females attending Ain Shams University outpatient clinics.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed from August to September 2017. A systematic random sample was taken from attending females (18–70 years) in Ain Shams University outpatient clinics (Internal Medicine, Surgery, Pediatrics Hospital, and Maternity hospital). They were interviewed using a questionnaire inquiring about sociodemographic background, participants’ knowledge, attitude, and practice towards breast cancer and its screening.

Results
The mean age ± SD of attending females (18–70 years) was 37 ± 11 years. Most study participants had correct information about mammography. They showed poor knowledge level about risk factors. Mass media such as TV and internet were identified as the main source of information on breast cancer by 43% and 23.9%, respectively. In general, participants had positive attitude towards breast cancer screening by mammography. Around 90% agreed that mammogram was the best way to find a very small lump in the breast, and 91.4% agreed that women who have regular screening by mammogram have better disease outcome than those who do not screen. Regarding mammography practice rate, a small percent of participants (8.1%) was advised by their doctors to conduct a screening mammography. The level of knowledge was significantly and positively correlated with their attitude towards breast cancer screening.

Conclusion
The poor knowledge and practices of women illustrate the need for health education program directed to Egyptian females to improve their knowledge about breast cancer—especially its risk factors—and its screening. Using TV and Internet as media for spreading information about this disease is crucial.
Computational study of the interactions among structural analogues of acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) and the Agrobacterium tumefaciens TraR binding site
Authors: Pérez Daniela , Ahumedo Maicol , Herrera Eileen , Vivas-Gomez Catalina , Vivas-Reyes Ricardo 
Published: December 2019

Background: In the present investigation, relationships between a set of 34 analogues of N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones (AHL) and the TraR receptor were studied. The aim was to use molecular modeling as a strategy for elucidating important aspects of the mechanism of chemical signaling in the Gram-negative bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens, with the idea of ​​identifying some of analogues’ structural characteristics and molecular interactions with the active site of the TraR receptor. Methods: For this purpose, we combine two molecular modeling strategies: molecular docking and three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR). First, the molecular docking methodology was applied to a series of 34 analogues of AHL on the TraR transcriptional receptor to simulate the binding of analogues at the active TraR site. Secondly, 3D-QSAR models were generated to describe the correlation with the experimental biological activity using partial least squares (PLS) calculations and steric and electrostatic properties, which theoretically predict the activity of the 34 AHL analogues through statistical parameters and evaluate the prediction of the models obtained. Two alignment models were constructed; one using the optimized structures of the 34 analogues (ligand-based model) and another using the conformations of the best poses generated in the docking with TraR (receptor-based model). Results: The outcomes obtained for each protein-ligand complex showed that the Aspartic acid 70 and Threonine 129 residues are residues that participate in the formation of hydrogen bonds, while residues Alanine 38, Leucine, 40, Tyrosine 53, Glutamine 58, Tyrosine 61, Phenylalanine 62 and Valine 72 form hydrophobic interactions. These interactions are important in determining the antagonistic activity of the analogues under study against TraR. Conclusions: The ligand-based model produces better statistical results expressed in terms of several rigorous evaluation criteria, such as Q2 and R2 for the data sets than those of the receptor-based model.
Clinical parameters and biomarkers predicting spontaneous operational tolerance after liver transplantation: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Appenzeller-Herzog Christian , Hartleif Steffen , Vionnet Julien 
Published: December 2019

Objective: This scoping review aims at systematically identifying prognostic factors for spontaneous immunosuppression (IS) free allograft tolerance (operational tolerance, OT) in non-viral hepatitis and non-autoimmune disease liver transplant (LT) recipients who are undergoing immunosuppression withdrawal (ISW). The results may inform the subsequent conduct of a systematic review with a more specific review question. Background: LT is currently the most effective treatment for end-stage liver diseases. Whereas the short-term outcomes after LT have dramatically improved over the last decades, the long-term outcomes remain unsatisfactory, mainly because of side effects of lifelong IS, such as infections, cardiovascular diseases, malignancies, and nephrotoxicity. ISW studies have shown that OT can be achieved by a subset of LT recipients and recent research has identified biomarkers of OT in these patients. However, an evidence-based selection algorithm for patients that can predictably benefit from ISW is not available to date. The planned review will, therefore, map existing knowledge on prognostic clinical parameters and biomarkers for OT. Inclusion criteria: We will consider studies that record any clinical parameter or biomarker before the initiation of ISW in non-viral hepatitis and non-autoimmune disease LT recipients and analyse their possible association with ISW outcomes (OT or non-tolerance). Studies addressing the effectiveness of OT-inducing treatments will be excluded. Methods: Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library will be searched for relevant articles or conference abstracts. Full-texts of selected abstracts will be independently screened for inclusion by two reviewers. References and citing articles of included records will be screened for additional relevant records. Clinical trial registries will be searched for ongoing studies, and their investigators contacted for the sharing of unpublished data. Data from included records will be independently extracted by two reviewers using a prespecified data extraction table and presented in both tabular and narrative form.
Rabies: an update for nurses in general practice
Authors: Simons Hilary , Fletcher Rachael , Russell Katherine 
Published: December 2019

Practice nurses have an important role to play in raising the profile of rabies as a travel-related hazard. Hilary Simons, Rachael Fletcher and Katherine Russell give an update for nurses working in this area of practice Many thousands of human deaths are attributed to rabies infection globally each year; once the symptoms of rabies occur, death is almost always inevitable. Rabies is a zoonosis—a disease of animals that can be transmitted to humans—and can occur in all warm-blooded animals. Rabies remains a neglected disease that impacts most on impoverished and disadvantaged populations living in rabies endemic regions, who may have limited or no access to good healthcare facilities and safe rabies vaccine products. Practice nurses are well placed to raise travellers' awareness of the risk of rabies at a destination, and provide guidance on pre-travel vaccination and post-exposure treatment.
Diversity and health inequalities: the role of the practice nurse
Authors: Heaslip Vanessa , Nadaf Claire 
Published: December 2019

As the patient populations continue to diversify, Vanessa Healsip and Claire Nadaf explore the health inequalities that certain patient groups are experiencing. For practice nurses, cultural competence is a key skill in improving healthcare for all patients General practice is becoming increasingly diverse due to a changing patient base and political climate, which impacts on the practice nurse's role. Over the past decade, there has been an increase in the number of foreign-born individuals living in the UK, the number of individuals identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender (LGBQT+) as well as the number of people living with a long-term health condition or disability. All of these groups experience greater health inequalities, despite increasing political drives in the UK and internationally to address this. Practice nurses are ideally placed to address health inequalities by facilitating health access for diverse groups; however, in order to do this they have to recognise and respond to the cultural values of the patient they are working with.
Broadband optical modulation in a zinc-oxide-based heterojunction via optical lifting
Authors: Kaushik Vishal , Rajput Swati , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: December 2019

Broadband electro-absorptive optical modulation in a zinc-oxide (ZnO)-based heterojunction is demonstrated. The presence of high-density two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the bottom of conduction band offset in a MgZnO-CdZnO heterojunction is shown to exhibit electrically tunable optical absorption in the regions well below the material bandgap. Electrons confined near the heterojunction are lifted across the potential barrier on optical excitation. Optical modulation with an extinction ratio of 8 dB is reported at an operating wavelength of 527 nm. The extinction ratio remains around 7–8 dB over a wide bandwidth of 115 nm, providing an excellent opportunity to explore ZnO-based heterojunctions to realize a broadband optical modulator for applications in optical communication and interconnects.
Single-shot achromatic imaging for broadband soft x-ray pulses
Authors: Egawa Satoru , Motoyama Hiroto , Iwasaki Atsushi , Yamaguchi Gota , Kume Takehiro , Yamanouchi Kaoru , Mimura Hidekazu 
Published: December 2019

An achromatic soft x-ray imaging system based on a transmission microscope equipped with a pair of Wolter mirrors was constructed. The two Wolter mirrors for the condenser and the objective were fabricated precisely by using an electroforming replication process. The samples were illuminated by broadband high harmonic pulses in the wavelength range of 26 nm to 35 nm via the condenser mirror, and transmission bright-field images without chromatic aberration were formed by the objective mirror. A single-shot image illuminated by a femtosecond laser pulse was recorded at a spatial resolution of about 200 nm. The fundamental capability of the microscope to realize broadband images without chromatic aberration will lead to the development of soft x-ray microscopes with extremely short illumination pulses on the order of attoseconds.
A complexidade da figura de Dejanira. Um modelo de 'rainha vingativa'
Authors: Silva Maria De Fátima 
Published: December 2019

A personalidade complexa e o comportamento que Sófocles atribui a Dejanira, em Traquínias, permite uma teia de cruzamentos frutuosos com figuras e situações que a narrativa de Heródoto e a tragédia de Ésquilo e de Eurípides põem também em evidência. E a primeira convenção manifesta a que a Dejanira de Sófocles obedece é, sem dúvida, a do famoso episódio que, a partir das criações de Heródoto, ficou conhecido como da 'rainha vingativa'. É, portanto, à luz de uma certa dinâmica narrativa e teatral, submissa a uma convenção reconhecível - mesmo se renovada em cada recriação -, que nos propomos voltar à análise da Dejanira de Traquínias.
Isolated Gastric Fundal Varices Caused by Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Shen Miles , Vaidya Sarangdev , Okoronkwo Nneoma , Alder Edward , Ahlawat Sushil 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
A 59-year-old man with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, recently diagnosed from a renal biopsy, presented to the emergency department with melena, dizziness, and epigastric pain. He was tachycardic and had a hemoglobin level of 6.4 g/dL. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed isolated gastric fundal varices with stigmata and no esophageal varices. Abdominal ultrasound with Doppler showed a normal-appearing liver, patent splenic vein and hepatic vasculature, and no splenic vein thrombosis. He was managed supportively and discharged. A positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan for staging later revealed extensive neoplastic involvement of the pancreas, gastrohepatic ligament, celiac trunk, and perigastric and splenic hilar regions.
Growth Inhibitory Property of Pentagamavunone-0 (PGV-0) on 4T1 Cells under Stress Condition : 2D and 3D Culture Model
Authors: Muflikhasari Haruma Anggraini , Jenie Riris Istighfari , Susidarti Ratna Asmah , Meiyanto Edy 
Published: December 2019

Pentagamavunone-0 (PGV-0), one of the curcumin analogue, is reported to have a cytotoxic effect on various cancer cells. This study aimed to explore the growth inhibitory effects of PGV-0 against highly-metastatic breast cancer, 4T1 cells under stress condition covering 2D and 3D speroid cytotoxic, anti-migration, and suppression of MMP-9. PGV-0 showed cytotoxic effects on 2D and 3D 4T1 cells with IC50value of 49 μM and 26 μM, respectively. In addition, PGV-0 performed anti-migratory effect. The single treatment at 25 μM PGV-0 and 50 μM showed inhibitory effect on cell migration by 54% and 51% respectively. whilst, the combination of PGV-0 at the concentration of 25 μM and 50 μM with doxorubicin significantly inhibited cell migration by 41% and 38%, respectively. The gelatin zymography assay showed that PGV-0 decreased MMP-9 expression both in a single treatment and in combination with doxorubicin. In conclusion, PGV-0 is potential to be developed as anti-tumorigenesis agent on highly-metastatic breast cancers.Keywords: Pentagamavunone-0 (PGV-0), anti-migration, MMP-9, 4T1 cells, spheroid
Studi Niat Pelaporan Pelanggaran: Tinjauan Literatur Dalam Prilaku Organisasi Mengenai Moral dan Rasa Takut Karyawan Akan Pembalasan
Authors: Aransyah Muhammad Fikry , Hetami Adietya Arie , Ramba Putry Satriani 
Published: December 2019

Studi ini mempelajari dan meringkas literatur yang mengulas pengaduan. Penelitian ini mencari informasi rinci dan data empiris mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi studi intensi pengaduan dalam tinjauan literatur. Menerapkan Model Intensitas Moral yang diperkenalkan oleh Jones (1991), penelitian ini melihat bagaimana besarnya konsekuensi, konsensus sosial, dan kedekatan mempengaruhi intensi pengaduan. Selain itu, ketakutan akan pembalasan adalah variabel tambahan untuk memperpanjang studi berdasarkan Model Intensitas Moral. Prediktor pertama adalah besarnya konsekuensi. Studi yang berkaitan dengan prediktor ini memeriksa bahaya atau manfaat yang dilakukan pada korban atau penerima manfaat dari tindakan moral yang dimaksud. Studi yang terkait dengan prediktor kedua, konsensus sosial, memeriksa Tingkat persetujuan sosial bahwa tindakan yang diusulkan itu jahat atau baik. Prediktor ketiga adalah kedekatan. Studi-studi dalam bidang ini berfokus pada perasaan kedekatan (sosial, budaya, psikologis, atau fisik) yang dimiliki agen moral bagi para korban kejahatan yang dipertanyakan. Studi yang terkait dengan prediktor akhir, takut akan pembalasan, memeriksa sebagai tindakan yang tidak diinginkan terhadap pelapor yang disebabkan oleh pelapor internal atau eksternal. Untuk setiap prediktor, penulis pertama-tama meringkas dan menganalisis temuan penelitian sebelumnya dan kemudian mengajukan saran untuk penelitian pengaduan di masa depan.
Character in Kant’s Moral Psychology: Responding to the Situationist Challenge
Authors: Frierson Patrick 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In recent years, several philosophers have used “situationist” findings in social psychology to criticize character-based ethical theories. After showing how these criticisms apply, prima facie, to Kant’s moral theory, I lay out a Kantian response to them. Kant admits the empirical reality of situation-dependence in human actions but articulates a conception of “ought implies can” that vindicates his character-based moral theory in the face of rarity of character. Moreover, he provides an interpretive framework for the situation-dependence of human motivation in terms of humans’ “propensity to evil.” He also provides a framework for highlighting empirical bases for moral hope, a framework that makes it possible to see lack of character as something human beings can overcome. And he outlines a “moral anthropology” that develops something akin to what Mark Alfano calls “moral technologies,” but in Kant’s case, these technologies focus on cultivating character as such rather than merely good behavioral outcomes.
Modern noninvasive methods for monitoring glucose levels in patients: a review
Authors: Dziergowska Katarzyna , Łabowska Magdalena Beata , Gąsior-Głogowska Marlena , Kmiecik Barbara , Detyna Jerzy 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the current state of the art of noninvasive glucose monitoring. In recent years, we can observe constant increase in the incidence of diabetes. About 40% of all performed blood tests apply to the glucose tests. Formerly, this lifestyle disease occurred mainly in rich countries, but now it is becoming more common in poorer countries. It is related to the increase in life expectancy, unhealthy diet, lack of exercise, and other factors. Untreated diabetes may cause many complications or even death. For this reason, daily control of glucose levels in people with this disorder is very important. Measurements with a traditional glucometer are connected with performing finger punctures several times a day, which is painful and uncomfortable for patients. Therefore, researches on other methods are ongoing. A method that would be fast, noninvasive and cheap could also enable testing the state of the entire population, which is necessary because of the number of people currently living with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes. Although the first glucometer was made in 1966, the first studies on glucose level measurement in tear film were documented as early as 1937. This shows how much a noninvasive method of diabetes control is needed. Since then, there have been more and more studies on alternative methods of glucose measurement, not only from tear fluid, but also from saliva, sweat, or transdermally.
Substance abuse in adolescents before admission to Peruvian juvenile detention centers: results from a national census in Peru, 2016
Authors: Vargas-Fernández Rodrigo , Rojas-Roque Carlos , Santero Marilina , Runzer-Colmenares Fernando M. , Figueroa Wilma 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Objectives
To estimate the prevalence of drug use before admission to juvenile detention centers (JDC) in Peru and determine individual, family and social influences on behavior.

Methods
A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from the 2016 National Population Census in Juvenile Detention Centers (NPCJDC). A total of 1960 Peruvian adolescent offenders were included. Generalized linear models of the Poisson family with a log link function were used to determine if characteristics before admission to a JDC were associated with drug use. These characteristics included employment, depression, neighborhood gang activity, having friends with a criminal record, a history of multiple admissions to a JDC, a history of running away from home, physical abuse during childhood and family history of drug use and incarceration.

Results
More than half of young offenders reported using drugs before entering a JDC (59%) in Peru. The drug most frequently consumed was cannabis (86.6%), followed by cocaine and/or crack (11.6%), and inhalants and/or pills (1.8%). Smoking cigarettes [prevalence ratios (PR): 1.12, p = 0.003], using alcohol (PR: 1.22, p = 0.003), neighborhood gang activity (PR: 1.28, p < 0.001), having friends with a criminal record (PR: 1.62, p < 0.001), running away from home (PR: 1.20, p < 0.001) and a family history of incarceration (PR: 1.09, p = 0.010) were associated with drug use prior to admission to a JDC.

Conclusion
Drug use before admission to a JDC was high among young offenders in Peru, with marijuana being the drug most frequently used. Having friends with a criminal record and neighborhood gang activity had the greatest association with drug use in young offenders.
Regularization of a sideways problem for a time-fractional diffusion equation with nonlinear source
Authors: Ngoc Tran Bao , Tuan Nguyen Huy , Kirane Mokhtar 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this paper, we consider an inverse problem for a time-fractional diffusion equation with a nonlinear source.
We prove that the considered problem is ill-posed, i.e., the solution does not depend continuously on the data.
The problem is ill-posed in the sense of Hadamard.
Under some weak a priori assumptions on the sought solution, we propose a new regularization method for stabilizing the ill-posed problem.
We also provide a numerical example to illustrate our results.