bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Range and timing of surgery, and surgical sequences used, in primary repair of complete unilateral cleft lip and palate: The Cleft Care UK study
Authors: Slator Rona , Perisanidou Lydia Iyamu , Waylen Andrea , Sandy Jonathan , Ness Andy , Wills Andrew K. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjectsTo describe the range of surgery used to repair the lip and palate in the UK with specific interest in the sequence/timing used in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (cUCLP).Setting and Sample PopulationThe Cleft Care UK study, a cross‐sectional study of 268 5‐year‐olds, born from 2005 to 2007, with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate.Materials & MethodsInformation on surgery was extracted from medical notes by surgeons during research clinics and transcribed onto a standardized questionnaire.ResultsSurgical data were available for 251 (94%) children from all cleft centres in the UK (n = 18). Over a two‐year period, 32 surgeons used 10 different surgical sequences in primary repair of the cleft lip and palate. The most frequently used sequence was repair of cleft lip and anterior hard palate followed by repair of posterior hard palate and soft palate (70%). Four surgical sequences were used only once. Most surgeons had a preferred sequence, but 38% (11/29) used more than one sequence during the study period. The timing of repair of the lip, the hard palate and the soft palate varied with surgical sequence, and also between surgeons, even adjusting for the different sequences used.ConclusionDespite centralization of cleft services in the UK, there remains considerable variation in both the sequence and timing of surgical repair of cleft lip and palate in infancy. Further work is required to understand whether these factors are associated with differences in outcome.
Discovery and Identification of Serum Succinyl‐Proteome for Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis and Osteopenia
Authors: Zhang Li‐li , Li Chun‐wen , Liu Kang , Liu Zhong , Liang Bo‐cheng , Yang Yi‐ran , Shi Xiao‐lin 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveFor the purpose of providing evidence for the treatment of osteoporosis and osteopenia, this study retrospectively identified succinylation‐modified sites and proteins in postmenopausal women, and bioinformatics analysis were performed.MethodsFrom January 2016 to June 2018, a total of 30 postmenopausal women aged from 55 to 70 years old were assigned to three groups: 10 cases with osteoporosis; 10 cases with osteopenia; and 10 cases with normal bone mass. Subsequently, the serum samples were collected from all cases for succinyl‐proteome. Measures comprised label‐free quantitative analysis, succinylation enrichment techniques, the liquid chromatograph–mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer (LC‐MS/MS) methods, and bioinformatics.ResultsA total of 113 succinylation sites on 35 proteins were identified based on quantitative information. The variation of the different multiple folds were more than 1.2 times as a significant increase for up‐regulated and less than 1/1.2 times as a significant decrease for down‐regulated. Among the quantified succinylation sites, 66 were up‐regulated and 11 down‐regulated in the Osteopenia/Normal comparison group, 24 were up‐regulated and 44 down‐regulated in the Osteoporosis/Osteopenia comparison group, 45 were up‐regulated and 32 down‐regulated in the Osteoporosis/Normal comparison group. Among the quantified succinylation proteins, 24 were up‐regulated and 7 down‐regulated in the Osteopenia/Normal comparison group, 15 were up‐regulated and 20 down‐regulated in the Osteoporosis/Osteopenia comparison group, 20 were up‐regulated and 17 down‐regulated in the Osteoporosis/Normal comparison group. The percentage of proteins differed in immune response, signaling pathway, proteolysis, lymphocyte, leukocyte, and cell activation. Four differentially expressed proteins (apolipoprotein A‐I, apolipoprotein A‐II, hemoglobin subunit alpha, and haptoglobin) contained quantitative information; they were mediated with receptors, factors, mechanisms, that related to bone metabolism. Hemoglobin subunit alpha was screened for diagnosis of osteopenia.ConclusionsThe succinyl‐proteome experimental data indicated that apolipoprotein A‐I, apolipoprotein A‐II, hemoglobin subunit alpha, and haptoglobin were valuable for diagnosis and treatment in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis and osteopenia.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Pasteurized Autograft and Intramedullary Vascularized Fibular Transfer for Osteosarcoma of the Femoral Diaphysis
Authors: Liu Tang , Ling Lin , Zhang Qing , Liu Yong , Guo Xiaoning 
Published: October 2019

ObjectiveTo assess the treatment of osteosarcomas of the femoral diaphysis through wide en bloc excision and reconstruction of the defect by pasteurized autograft combined with vascularized fibular transfer.MethodsA single‐center, retrospective study was performed of 15 selected patients (six females, nine males) whose lesion in the middle diaphysis of the femur were treated by en bloc excision and reconstruction of the bone defect with recycled pasteurized autograft combined with vascularized fibular graft between January 2000 and December 2011. The primary diagnoses of the patients were osteosarcoma (15 patients), and one of these patients had a pathological fracture. The mean patient age at the time of surgery was 22.3 years (range, 10–40 years). All these cases of bone tumors were staged according to Ennekingʼs criteria with three stage IIA cases, and 12 stage IIB cases. The patients were examined clinically and radiologically every month during the first 6 months after surgery to exclude the evidence of infection and local recurrence, then at 3‐monthly intervals for 2 years and then at 6‐monthly intervals for life. Function was assessed using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Scoring system (MSTS).ResultsAt a mean follow‐up of 65.1 months (range, 31–131 months), all the patients had achieved bony union at the final follow‐up. The mean time to bone union of the proximal junctions of vascularized fibula was 8.7 months (range, 6.0–13.0 months) and that of the distal junctions was 9.2 months (range, 6.0–12.0 months). Mean union time of the proximal junctions of the pasteurized autogenous bone was 14.3 months (range, 10.0–25.0 months) and that of the distal junctions was 15.6 months (range, 10.0–27.0 months). There were two fractures of the pasteurized bone during the operation. One patient, in whom the plate had been removed after union at 3 years postoperatively, sustained a fracture in a fall. This was treated with external fixation and united uneventfully. One patient, in whom two of the proximal screws had been broken, developed coxa vara. There was no infection. There were three pulmonary metastases and no local recurrence. The mean function score was 81.8%. Five patients died of their underlying disease, and the disease‐specific survival of patients was 69.1%.ConclusionsPasteurized autogenous bone graft combined with a vascularized fibula graft is a useful reconstruction method for large bone defects after resection of osteosarcoma in the femur.
Eccentric contraction–induced muscle damage in human flexor pollicis brevis is accompanied by impairment of motor nerve
Authors: Ochi Eisuke , Ueda Hisashi , Tsuchiya Yosuke , Kouzaki Karina , Nakazato Koichi 
Published: October 2019

BackgroundEccentric contractions (ECCs) cause muscle damage. In addition, we showed that ECCs induce nerve dysfunction and damage with rats and human.PurposeWe aimed to evaluate motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV) for flexor pollicis brevis muscle (FPBM) after ECCs.MethodsTwelve men (years, 19.8 ± 1.7 years; height, 172.4 ± 7.0 cm; weight, 64.0 ± 8.6 kg) performed maximal 100 ECCs on their FPBM of non‐dominant hands with torque dynamometer. The dominant hands were control (CON). Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), range of motion (ROM), DOMS, and MCV were assessed before, immediately post, and 1, 2, and 5 days after ECCs. MCV was calculated as the distance by stimulation divided by the latencies of the waveforms generated. Values were statistically analyzed by two‐way ANOVA, and the significance level was set at P < .05.ResultsDecreases in MVC immediately (−32.9%) to 5 days after ECCs were significantly greater (P < .05) than for the CON group. ROM showed a significant decrease immediately (−21.6%) after ECCs compared with before ECCs and CON group (P < .05). DOMS after ECCs increased at 1 and 2 days (5.0 cm) after ECCs compared with before ECCs and CON (P < .05). Also, MCV after ECCs delayed significantly from immediately (−36.4%), 1, 2, and 5 days after ECCs compared with CON (P < .05), while no significant change in M‐wave amplitude was observed over time for both ECCs and CON.ConclusionThe present study showed that ECCs of the FPBM cause a significant delay in MCV of median nerve.
Menstrual and oral contraceptive cycle phases do not affect submaximal and maximal exercise responses
Authors: Mattu Anmol T. , Iannetta Danilo , MacInnis Martin J. , Doyle‐Baker Patricia K. , Murias Juan M. 
Published: October 2019

To examine whether the menstrual or monophasic oral contraceptive cycle phases affect submaximal (oxygen uptake (O2) kinetics, maximal lactate steady‐state (MLSS)) and maximal (O2max, time‐to‐exhaustion (TTE)) responses to exercise in healthy, active women. During the mid‐follicular or inactive‐pill phase and the mid‐luteal or active‐pill phase of the respective menstrual or oral contraceptive cycle, 15 non‐oral contraceptive users (mean and standard deviation (SD) (±): 27 ± 6 years; 171 ± 5 cm; 65 ± 7 kg) and 15 monophasic oral contraceptive users (24 ± 4 years; 169 ± 10 cm; 68 ± 10 kg) performed: one O2 kinetics test; one ramp‐incremental test; two to three 30‐minute constant‐load cycling trials to determine the power output corresponding to MLSS (MLSSp), followed by a TTE trial. The phase of the menstrual or oral contraceptive cycle did not affect the time constant of the O2 kinetics response (τO2) (mid‐follicular, 20 ± 5 seconds and mid‐luteal, 18 ± 3 seconds; inactive‐pill, 22 ± 8 seconds and active‐pill, 23 ± 6 seconds), O2max (mid‐follicular, 3.06 ± 0.32 L min−1 and mid‐luteal, 3.00 ± 0.33 L min−1; inactive‐pill, 2.87 ± 0.39 L min−1 and active‐pill, 2.87 ± 0.45 L min−1), MLSSp (mid‐follicular, 181 ± 30 W and mid‐luteal, 182 ± 29 W; inactive‐pill, 155 ± 26 W and active‐pill, 155 ± 27 W), and TTE (mid‐follicular, 147 ± 42 seconds and mid‐luteal, 128 ± 54 seconds; inactive‐pill, 146 ± 70 seconds and active‐pill, 139 ± 77 seconds) (P > .05). The rate of perceived exertion (RPE) at minute 30 of the MLSSp trials was greater in the mid‐follicular phase (6.2 ± 1.5) compared with the mid‐luteal phase (5.3 ± 1.4) for non‐oral contraceptive users (P = .022). The hormonal fluctuations between the menstrual and oral contraceptive cycle phases had no detectable effects on submaximal and maximal exercise performance, even when RPE differed.
Blood product wastage reduction by utilising low‐cost, low‐impact multimodal physician‐to‐physician communication initiatives
Authors: Levin J. H. , Collins L. , Adekunle O. , Jackson H. T. , Vaziri K. , Schroeder M. , Davison D. 
Published: October 2019

SUMMARYObjectivesTo assess a multimodal physician‐to‐physician communication initiative that is low in cost and impact to daily workflow to reduce blood product wastage.BackgroundBlood product stewardship is an important issue in all hospital systems. Previous studies have proposed low‐cost interventions to reduce blood product wastage, but few have evaluated improvements in communication between the blood bank and providers. We undertook a prospective quality improvement project focusing on improving communication to reduce blood product wastage.MethodsWe conducted a prospective quality improvement project over the first quarter of 2017, identifying patients with issued but unused blood products. Each service overseeing the care of patients identified on the unit status report was contacted through two possible methods: (i) phone or (ii) proprietary Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 compliant digital messaging application. Collected variables included reserved blood product type and participant time spent. Outcomes included the rate of blood product release and changes in wastage compared with historical data tracked by the blood bank.ResultsEight hundred and forty products were reserved during the study period, of which 436 (52%) were released. Average participant times ranged from 2 ± 1 min to 15 ± 4 min with no significant differences in time spent between participants (P = 0·194). Compared with the average product wastage 10 months prior to project initiation, there were significant reductions in the average wastage for platelets (5·3 ± 2·5 units vs 2·5 ± 1·5 units, P = 0·05), RBCs (6·1 ± 3·7 units vs 0 ± 0 units, P = 0·01) and overall wastage (58·3 ± 14·9 units vs 40 ± 15·7 units, P = 0·05).ConclusionEfforts focusing on improving provider‐to‐provider communication can reduce blood product wastage.
Five Ways in Which Computational Modeling Can Help Advance Cognitive Science: Lessons From Artificial Grammar Learning
Authors: Zuidema Willem , French Robert M. , Alhama Raquel G. , Ellis Kevin , O'Donnell Timothy J. , Sainburg Tim , Gentner Timothy Q. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThere is a rich tradition of building computational models in cognitive science, but modeling, theoretical, and experimental research are not as tightly integrated as they could be. In this paper, we show that computational techniques—even simple ones that are straightforward to use—can greatly facilitate designing, implementing, and analyzing experiments, and generally help lift research to a new level. We focus on the domain of artificial grammar learning, and we give five concrete examples in this domain for (a) formalizing and clarifying theories, (b) generating stimuli, (c) visualization, (d) model selection, and (e) exploring the hypothesis space.
Protein phase separation and determinants of in cell crystallization
Authors: Mudogo Celestin N. , Falke Sven , Brognaro Hévila , Duszenko Michael , Betzel Christian 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLiquid‐liquid phase separation (LLPS) in cells is known as a complex physicochemical process causing the formation of membrane‐less organelles (MLOs). Cells have well‐defined different membrane‐surrounded organelles like mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, peroxisomes, etc., however, on demand they can create MLOs as stress granules, nucleoli and P bodies to cover vital functions and regulatory activities. However, the mechanism of intracellular molecule assembly into functional compartments within a living cell remains till now not fully understood. in vitro and in vivo investigations unveiled that MLOs emerge after preceding liquid‐liquid, liquid‐gel, liquid‐semi‐crystalline, or liquid‐crystalline phase separations. Liquid‐liquid and liquid‐gel MLOs form the majority of cellular phase separation events, while the occurrence of micro‐sized crystals in cells was only rarely observed, however can be considered as a result of a preceding protein phase separation event. In vivo, also known and termed as in cellulo crystals, are reported since 1853. In some cases, they have been linked to vital cellular functions, such as storage and detoxification. However, the occurrence of in cellulo crystals is also associated to diseases like cataract, hemoglobin C diseases, etc. Therefore, better knowledge about the involved molecular processes will support drug discovery investigations to cure diseases related to in cellulo crystallization. We summarize physical and chemical determinants known today required for phase separation initiation and formation and in cellulo crystal growth. In recent years it has been demonstrated that LLPS plays a crucial role in cell compartmentalization and formation of MLOs. Here we discuss potential mechanisms and potential crowding agents involved in protein phase separation and in cellulo crystallization.
OPTIMUM PERFORMANCE OF GREEN MACHINING ON THIN WALLED TI6AL4V USING RSM AND ANN IN TERMS OF CUTTING FORCE AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS
Authors: Yanis Muhammad , Mohruni Amrifan Saladin , Sharif Safian , Yani Irsyadi 
Published: October 2019

Thin walled titanium alloys are mostly applied in the aerospace industry owing to their favorable characteristic such as high strength-to-weight ratio. Besides vibration, the friction at the cutting zone in milling of thin-walled Ti6Al4V will create inconsistencies in the cutting force and increase the surface roughness. Previous researchers reported the use of vegetable oils in machining metal as an effort towards green machining in reducing the undesirable cutting friction. Machining experiments were conducted under Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) using coconut oil as cutting fluid, which has better oxidative stability than other vegetable oil. Uncoated carbide tools were used in this milling experiment. The influence of cutting speed, feed and depth of cut on cutting force and surface roughness were modeled using response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). Experimental machining results indicated that ANN model prediction was more accurate compared to the RSM model. The maximum cutting force and surface roughness values recorded are 14.89 N, and 0.161 µm under machining conditions of 125 m/min cutting speed, 0.04 mm/tooth feed, 0.25 mm radial depth of cut (DOC) and 5 mm axial DOC.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE SIDE CHANNEL SPILLWAY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE JUMP, CROSS FLOW AND ENERGY DISSIPATION
Authors: Legono Djoko , Hambali Roby , Krisnayanti Denik Sri 
Published: October 2019

The utilization of the side channel spillway as the primary component of dam is generally due to the limitation of the available space to construct conventional spillway with design discharge capacity. Some impacts may only be identified through the hydraulic physical model study; these include the presence of the chaotic jumps at the downstream of the spillway crest, the cross flow on the steep channel, as well as the performance of the energy dissipation in the stilling basin. This paper presents the result of the experimental study of three-dimensional behaviour of flow over the entire components of the side channel spillway of Bener Dam, Indonesia. The main dam and its appurtenant components, i.e., the reservoir, the spillway crest, the spillway channel, and the energy dissipaters were built, and various discharges were introduced to study the hydraulic performance of the spillway crest, the stilling basin, the chute, and the energy dissipater. The observed data were collected and then analysed. The results show that firstly, some chaotic hydraulic jumps were found at the stilling basin at downstream spillway crest. These chaotic hydraulic jumps would produce significant vibration that may endanger the nearby structures. Secondly, the presence of the cross flow along the steep channel downstream of the stilling basin may also need to be eliminated in such that its impact on the rise of water surface level does not create any objection. This may be carried out through the installation of baffles along the spillway channel bed. Thirdly, the presence of the hydraulic jumps at the energy dissipater basin under the design discharge has proven that the energy dissipater has performed well where local scour around the downstream structure was found to be not significant. However, to anticipate the raising of the water surface elevation at the energy dissipater basin, increasing the elevation of energy dissipater wall from +212.50 m to +215.00 m is highly recommended.
Characteristic Equation Development for Single-Slope Solar Distiller Unit Augmented With N Identical Parabolic Concentrator Integrated Evacuated Tubular Collectors
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Sharma Rahul , Kumar Dharmendra , Singh Ajay R. , Singh Desh B. , Tiwari Gopal N. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this communication, characteristic equation for single-slope solar still augmented with N alike parabolic concentrator integrated evacuated tubular collectors has been developed which is also valid for N alike evacuated tubular collectors integrated single-slope solar distiller unit as well as passive single-slope solar distiller unit. The developed equation is similar in the form to Hottel-Whillier-Bliss equation which was developed for flat plate collector. The analytical equation development for the proposed system involves the writing of equations for its different components on the ground of equating net energy input to net energy output. The results obtained for the proposed system have been compared with the results of N alike evacuated tubular collectors integrated single-slope solar distiller unit and passive single-slope solar distiller unit. It has been concluded that the mean value of instantaneous efficiency for N alike parabolic concentrator integrated evacuated tubular collectors is higher by 42.86% and 50.82%; daily generation of freshwater is higher by 49.73% and 74.34%; and daily exergy is higher by 78.71% and 93.35% than the corresponding values for N alike evacuated tubular collector integrated single-slope solar distiller unit and passive single-slope solar distiller unit for the same basin area in that order.
Effect of Electromagnetic Force on Dynamic Mechanical Properties of the Magnetorheological Elastomer Under Compression Mode
Authors: Shi Xinxin , Liu Shaogang , Zhao Dan , Zhao Zhenghang , Cui Jin , Wang Feihao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Under the compression mode, the direction of force on the magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) is parallel to the direction of electromagnetic force, so the effect of electromagnetic force on its dynamic mechanical properties cannot be ignored. Therefore, this paper focuses on the effect of electromagnetic force on the dynamic mechanical properties of MRE under compression mode. A new type of testing device was designed and processed. Under a different loading frequency, strain amplitude and external magnetic field, dynamic mechanical properties of MRE were tested, respectively. The result shows that the stiffness and energy dissipation capacity of MRE increase with the current and loading frequency. The stiffness of MRE decreases with the increase in the strain amplitude, but the energy dissipation capacity increases. Comparing the force-displacement curve of MRE with or without the effect of the electromagnetic force, it shows that the electromagnetic force has a great effect on the stiffness of MRE and little effect on its energy dissipation capacity. When the electromagnetic force is removed, the stiffness of MRE decreases, and the change rate of stiffness increases with current. The maximum change rate of stiffness is 5.65%.
Structural and Hydrodynamic Aspects of Steel Lazy Wave Riser in Deepwater
Authors: Yin Decao , Lie Halvor , Wu Jie 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Exploration of oil and gas in deep and ultra-deepwater under harsh weather condition is challenging. A steel lazy wave riser (SLWR) is considered to be a cost-effective alternative to get the gas or oil flow up to the platform under these conditions. The staggered buoyant section provides buoyancy force which forms an arch shape of the SLWR. This arch shape makes the SLWR configuration flexible and isolates the dynamic responses of the upper part and lower part of the riser. However, there is a lack of full understanding of the behavior of SLWRs. This is, due to a complicated loading from waves, vessel motions and flow induced vibrations caused by ocean currents, complex structural configurations, and non-linearities. Time-domain simulation is necessary to accurately predict the dynamic responses and capture the non-linearities. Realistic fatigue damage calculation is essential in the design phase of SLWR. The design of SLWR could be optimized with a better understanding of the dynamic responses of SLWR.