bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POSTOPERATIVE MOVEMENT OF THE FOVEA AFTER SUCCESSFUL SURGERY IN PATIENTS WITH IDIOPATHIC EPIRETINAL MEMBRANES
Authors: Datlinger Felix , Georgopoulos Michael , Aliyeva Leyla , Meyer Elias L. , Abela-Formanek Claudette , Pollreisz Andreas , Schmidt-Erfurth Ursula , Sacu Stefan 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
To evaluate the change in the fovea's postoperative location after successful pars plana vitrectomy with combined epiretinal and internal limiting membrane peeling in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERMs).

Methods:
In this prospective study 32 eyes of 32 patients with iERMs were followed from baseline before until 3 months after surgery. Study measures included 4-m Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study best-corrected visual acuity, enhanced-depth imaging-optical coherence tomography, and intraoperative fundus photographs. Foveal movement was assessed by measuring the change in the papillofoveal distance (∆PFD).

Results:
Mean ∆PFD in the study eye was −124 µm (±138) and −272 µm (±213) one day and 3 months after surgery, respectively. Mean ∆PFD after 3 months was greater in the study than in the fellow eye (P < 0.001). ∆PFD at Month 3 did not correlate with the internal limiting membrane area peeled (P = 0.78).

Conclusion:
Foveal movement starts immediately after surgery and causes a statistically significant reduction in PFD after uneventful macular pucker surgery. ∆PFD correlates statistically significantly with baseline best-corrected visual acuity and baseline central retinal thickness. The internal limiting membrane peeling size had no significant effect on the amount of postoperative foveal dislocation.
POST-TREATMENT PREDICTION OF OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY USING A CONDITIONAL GENERATIVE ADVERSARIAL NETWORK IN AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
Authors: Lee Hyungwoo , Kim Seungmin , Kim Myung Ae , Chung Hyewon , Kim Hyung Chan 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
To develop a deep learning model to generate posttreatment optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Methods:
Two hundred ninety-eight patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration were included. The conditional generative adversarial network was trained using 15,183 augmented paired OCT B-scan images obtained from 723 scans of 241 patients at baseline and 1 month after 3 loading doses of an anti–vascular endothelial growth factor treatment. The network was also trained using baseline fluorescein angiography (FA) or indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) images together with baseline OCT images. A test set of 150 images of 50 eyes was used to evaluate its ability to predict the presence of intraretinal fluid, subretinal fluid, PED, and subretinal hyperreflective material. Posttreatment OCT images were compared with images generated from baseline OCT with or without FA and indocyanine green angiography images.

Results:
The predicted images inferred from baseline OCT images achieved an acceptable accuracy, specificity, and negative predictive value for four lesions (range: 77.0–91.9, 94.1–95.1, and 54.7–96.5%, respectively). The addition of both FA and indocyanine green angiography images improved the accuracy, specificity, and negative predictive value (range: 80.7–96.3, 97.3–99.0, and 59.0–98.3%, respectively).

Conclusion:
A conditional generative adversarial network is able to generate posttreatment OCT images from baseline OCT, FA, and indocyanine green angiography images.
SURGICAL TREATMENT OF VITREORETINAL COMPLICATIONS DURING DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION SECONDARY TO MENINGOCOCCEMIA
Authors: Keilani Chafik , Delbarre Maxime , Rambaud Camille , Marechal Marie , Froussart Françoise 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
To report a case of the surgical management of vitreoretinal complications during disseminated intravascular coagulation secondary to meningococcemia.

Methods:
A case report.

Results:
A 25-year-old man presented with loss of vision due to retinal and vitreous hemorrhages during disseminated intravascular coagulation secondary to meningococcemia. Examination revealed the visual acuity to be counting fingers in the right eye and light perception in the left eye. Bilateral vitreous hemorrhages were found on fundus examination. A dome-shaped lesion overlying the macula consistent with a subinternal limiting membrane hemorrhage was seen on optical coherence tomography. Bilateral vitrectomy was performed. Multiple subinternal limiting membrane hemorrhages were evident in the posterior pole. A membrane forceps was used to peel the internal limiting membrane and remove the fibrin under it. The internal limiting membrane and vitreous samples were sent for anatomopathological examination confirming our hypothesis. The peripheral retina revealed bilateral multiple ischemic areas, and argon laser photocoagulation was performed on it. Both eyes were filled with silicone oil. Eight months after surgery, his vision improved to 70 and 65 on the early diabetic retinopathy study scale in the right and left eyes, respectively.

Conclusion:
Published cases of retinal and vitreous hemorrhages during disseminated intravascular coagulation secondary to meningococcemia are few. There is no specific and codified management of these ocular complications. This case is the first reporting positive visual recovery after surgical treatment. Surgical procedure seems to be effective to treat multiple vitreoretinal hemorrhages secondary to meningococcemia.
A CASE OF TRAUMATIC SOFT CONTACT LENS DISLOCATION INTO THE VITREOUS SPACE AFTER CORNEAL PERFORATION IN A PHAKIC EYE: A NOVEL INDICATION FOR MEMBRANEBLUE-DUAL
Authors: Van den Heurck Jonas J. , Claes Carl C. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
To describe a case of traumatic soft contact lens dislocation into the vitreous space after a large-sized corneal perforation with a clout nail, causing aniridia but leaving the crystalline lens intact.

Methods:
A case report of a 44-year-old male patient with a corneal perforation.

Results:
The patient presented with a traumatic corneal perforation after a large clout nail impacted on his left eye. Aniridia and inferior zonulolysis were seen, but the crystalline lens was perfectly clear. Because computed tomography imaging and B-scan ultrasonography showed no signs of intraocular foreign body, a vitrectomy was performed seven days after primary repair to allow for proper wound closure. During vitrectomy, a completely intact soft contact lens was found in the vitreous cavity. The soft contact lens was stained with MembraneBlue-Dual (D.O.R.C., the Netherlands) to enhance visualization and ensure complete removal by the vitreous cutter.

Conclusion:
MembraneBlue-Dual can be used to facilitate complete removal of a clear and otherwise difficult to see corneal contact lens from the vitreous cavity. This case also demonstrates the importance of exploratory vitrectomy in all trauma cases with posterior segment involvement, even when imaging modalities show no signs of intraocular foreign bodies.
CENTRAL POSTERIOR LENS CAPSULE USED INSTEAD OF AN INVERTED INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE FLAP: A CLINIC-PATHOLOGICAL CASE REPORT
Authors: Vogt Denise , Freissinger Sigrid , Schumann Ricarda G. , Priglinger Siegfried G. , Wolf Armin 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
To present immunocytochemical characterization of a surgically excised central posterior lens capsule (PLC) that was transplanted to close a secondary refractory full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) as an epiretinal flap. For comparison, tissue of both an unaffected internal limiting membrane and unexposed PLC was processed.

Methods:
Clinical-pathological case report.

Results:
We report of a 38-year-old patient who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with PLC tissue for patching secondary FTMH and silicone oil tamponade after tractional retinal detachment. The PLC was peeled off during a vitrectomy 1 year after positioning. For immunocytochemistry, the removed PLC was prepared as flat mount and showed a positive immunofluorescence of the Müller cells marker glutamine synthetase and for vimentin. The microglia marker IBA and the neuroprotective neurotrophic marker glia cell–derived neurotrophic factor were tested positive too. There was no immunoreactivity of cellular retinaldehyde–binding protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein. In comparison, tissue of a control internal limiting membrane that was obtained during standard FTMH surgery showed few single cells that were likewise positive for glutamine synthetase, glia cell–derived neurotrophic factor, and IBA. The control specimen of unexposed PLC showed rarely cells that were without positive immunostaining for the tested markers.

Conclusion:
Our analysis revealed positive immunoreactivity of macroglia and microglia cells of the PLC tissue that was used to patch a refractory FTMH. Similar immunostaining of PLC material and internal limiting membrane suggests the PLC transplantation as an alternative treatment option for refractory FTMH.
The Myopic Shift in Aphakic Eyes in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study After 10 Years of Follow-up
Authors: Lambert Scott R. , Nizam Azhar , DuBois Lindreth , Cotsonis George , Weakley David R. , Wilson M. Edward ,   for The Infant Aphakia Treatment Study Group
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Objectives:
To report the myopic shift in the aphakic eyes of a cohort of children who underwent unilateral cataract surgery during infancy and were then followed longitudinally for 10.5 years.

Methods:
One-half of the children enrolled in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study (IATS) were randomized to aphakia and contact lens correction after unilateral cataract surgery. They then underwent ocular examinations using standardized protocols at prescribed time intervals until age 10.5 years.

Results:
Thirty of 57 children randomized to aphakia remained aphakic at age 10.5, having undergone unilateral cataract surgery at a median age of 1.6 (IQR: 1.1–3.1) months. The median refractive error (RE) in the 57 eyes randomized to aphakia immediately after cataract surgery was 19.01 D (IQR: 16.98–20.49) compared to 10.38 D (IQR: 7.50–14.00) for the 30 eyes that remained aphakic at age 10.5 years. The mean change in RE in aphakic eyes was −2.11 D/year up to age 1.5 years, −0.68 D/year from 1.5 to 5.0 years, and −0.35 D/year from age 5 to 10.5 years. At age 10.5 years, 18 patients continued to wear a contact lens correction (silicone elastomer, n=6; gas permeable, n=6; hydrogel, n=5; and silicone hydrogel, n=1) (median RE, 12.50 D), 9 wore only spectacles (median RE, 4.00 D), and 4 wore no correction (median RE, 11.25 D) to correct their aphakic eye.

Conclusions:
The RE in aphakic eyes decreased by 44% from infancy to age 10.5 years. About two-thirds of children who remained aphakic at age 10.5 years continued to wear a contact lens.
Combined Intrastromal Voriconazole and Amphotericin B Treatment for Persistent Fungal Keratitis
Authors: Aydin Bahri , Cubuk Mehmet Ozgur , Ucgul AhmetYucel , Ertop Mestan , Ozmen Mehmet Cuneyt , Atalay Tuba , Akata Fikret 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
To evaluate the clinical outcomes of combined intrastromal voriconazole and intrastromal amphotericin B for the treatment of persistent fungal keratitis.

Method:
Patients who received combined corneal intrastromal voriconazole (0.05 mg/0.1 mL) and intrastromal liposomal amphotericin B (0.01 mg/0.1 mL) injections in addition to topical therapy for treatment of persistent fungal keratitis were included in the study. Persistence was described as no improvement or progression in the clinical findings despite treatment with combined topical voriconazole (1 mg/0.1 mL) and topical amphotericin B drops (0.15 mg/0.1 mL) hourly for at least 10 days. The healing of keratitis was considered as the complete closure of epithelial defect with complete resolution of a corneal infiltrate.

Results:
Thirty-two eyes of 32 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Predominant organisms in fungal isolates were Aspergillus species. Combination therapy of intrastromal amphotericin B and intrastromal voriconazole in addition to topical therapy resulted in complete resolution of persistent fungal keratitis in 28 (87.5%) patients. The mean number of intrastromal injections was 9.3±6.4 and ranged from 1 to 18. The mean best-corrected visual acuity values improved from 2.17±0.43 to 1.76±0.77 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution units (P=0.003). The mean duration of complete epithelial closure was 45.3±16.3 days. Four patients required therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty because of persistence of fungal keratitis (3 patients) and progression of keratitis (1 patient). There was no need for evisceration.

Conclusion:
Combination therapy with intrastromal voriconazole and intrastromal amphotericin B may be an effective adjunct treatment for persistent fungal keratitis.
A Case of Delayed-onset Hemorrhagic Choroidal Detachment After PreserFlo Microshunt Implantation in a Glaucoma Patient Under Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: Micheletti Eleonora , Riva Ivano , Bruttini Carlo , Quaranta Luciano 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
To describe a case of delayed-onset hemorrhagic choroidal detachment (HCD) in a patient affected by primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) undergone PreserFlo Microshunt implantation.

Case Report Description:
A 76-year-old patient with POAG, under treatment with Dabigatran (a novel oral anticoagulant), underwent an uncomplicated PreserFlo Microshunt implantation in the left eye. In the first postoperative day, intraocular pressure (IOP) was 6 mm Hg, conjunctival bleb was diffuse, anterior chamber (AC) deep, and device correctly positioned. Twelve days after surgery, the patient had emergency access complaining severe ocular pain and sudden vision loss. Ophthalmological evaluation revealed shallow AC and an IOP of 50 mm Hg. The fundus examination revealed almost kissing HCD.

Outcome:
Immediate topical treatment with atropine, aqueous humor suppressants, and corticosteroids was started. Because of high IOP, ocular pain, and the presence of almost kissing HCD, surgical drainage of suprachoroidal hemorrhage and removal of PreserFlo Microshunt were performed. An improvement of the clinical condition was observed in the following postoperative days, with partial resolution of the HCD and a decrease of the IOP. On the third postoperative day, there was a worsening of the HCD, with a reduction of the AC depth and IOP elevation. HCD was drained through the previously performed sclerotomies, associated with pars-plana vitrectomy and silicone-oil tamponade. HCD completely resolved during the following 6 weeks, with IOP reduction and partial improvement of visual acuity.

Conclusion:
Great attention must be taken in patients with glaucoma under treatment with a novel oral anticoagulant, also when planning PreserFlo Microshunt implantation.
Precision Lactobacillus reuteri therapy attenuates luminal distension-associated visceral hypersensitivity by inducing peripheral opioid receptors in the colon
Authors: Hegde Shrilakshmi , Lin You-Min , Fu Yu , Savidge Tor , Shi Xuan-Zheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Luminal distension and abdominal pain are major clinical hallmarks of obstructive bowel disorders and functional bowel disorders linked to gut dysbiosis. Our recent studies found that chronic lumen distension increased visceral sensitivity and decreased abundance of gut commensal Lactobacillus reuteri in a rodent model of partial colon obstruction (OB). To establish causation, we performed precision microbial therapy to assess whether recolonization of L. reuteri prevents visceral hypersensitivity in lumen distension, and if so, to identify the gut-microbiota mechanism. Lumen distension was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by implanting an OB band in the distal colon for up to 7 days. L. reuteri strains or vehicle were gavage ingested 1 × 107 colony-forming units/g daily starting 2 days before OB. L. reuteri rat strains that were able to recolonize obstructed colon significantly improved food intake and body weight in OB rats, and attenuated referred visceral hyperalgesia measured by the withdrawal response to von Frey filament applications to the abdomen. Mechanistically, L. reuteri treatment attenuated hyperexcitability of the dorsal root ganglia neurons projecting to the distended colon by promoting opioid receptor function in affected tissues. The expression of µ, δ, and κ opioid receptors was significantly downregulated in colonic muscularis externae and sensory neurons in OB rats. However, L. reuteri treatment prevented the loss of opioid receptors. Furthermore, administration of peripheral opioid receptor antagonist naloxone methiodide abolished the analgesic effect of L. reuteri in OB. In conclusion, precision L. reuteri therapy prevents lumen distension-associated visceral hypersensitivity by local bacterial induction of opioid receptors.
Are endogenous opioid mechanisms involved in the effects of aerobic exercise training on chronic low back pain? A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bruehl Stephen , Burns John W. , Koltyn Kelli , Gupta Rajnish , Buvanendran Asokumar , Edwards David , Chont Melissa , Wu Yung Hsuan , Qu'd Dima , Stone Amanda 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Aerobic exercise is believed to be an effective chronic low back pain (CLBP) intervention, although its mechanisms remain largely untested. This study evaluated whether endogenous opioid (EO) mechanisms contributed to the analgesic effects of an aerobic exercise intervention for CLBP. Individuals with CLBP were randomized to a 6-week, 18-session aerobic exercise intervention (n = 38) or usual activity control (n = 44). Before and after the intervention, participants underwent separate laboratory sessions to assess responses to evoked heat pain after receiving saline placebo or intravenous naloxone (opioid antagonist) in a double-blinded, crossover fashion. Chronic pain intensity and interference were assessed before and after the intervention. Endogenous opioid analgesia was indexed by naloxone–placebo condition differences in evoked pain responses (blockade effects). Relative to controls, exercise participants reported significantly greater pre–post intervention decreases in chronic pain intensity and interference (Ps < 0.04) and larger reductions in placebo condition evoked pain responsiveness (McGill Pain Questionnaire—Short Form [MPQ]-Total). At the group level, EO analgesia (MPQ-Total blockade effects) increased significantly pre–post intervention only among female exercisers (P = 0.03). Dose–response effects were suggested by a significant positive association in the exercise group between exercise intensity (based on meeting heart rate targets) and EO increases (MPQ-Present Pain Intensity; P = 0.04). Enhanced EO analgesia (MPQ-Total) was associated with a significantly greater improvement in average chronic pain intensity (P = 0.009). Aerobic exercise training in the absence of other interventions appears effective for CLBP management. Aerobic exercise–related enhancements in endogenous pain inhibition, in part EO-related, likely contribute to these benefits.
Knowledge of Forensic Nursing Practices: Efficacy of an Intervention for Nursing Students
Authors: Ribeiro Gonçalo Pedro de Oliveira , Dixe Maria dos Anjos Coelho Rodrigues 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT

Background
Forensic science has become increasingly relevant to health professionals’ roles in preserving trace evidence when crimes have been committed.

Objective
The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of a structured intervention to improve nursing students’ knowledge of forensic nursing practices.

Methods
A pretest/posttest quasi-experimental study, without a control group, was conducted. A nonprobabilistic sample of students from the third and fourth years of a nursing degree program took part in the study. The General Questionnaire on Forensic Nursing and the Questionnaire on Knowledge of Forensic Nursing Practices were administered before and after a structured intervention.

Results
Eighty-seven students (mean age of 22.8 ± 3.9 years) took part in the study. Of the participants, 85.7% were female, 98.8% claimed they had not received training in forensic nursing during their degree, and 97.6% reported that they did not have contact with situations that involved the collection and preservation of forensic evidence during their internships. As for their knowledge of forensic practices, out of a total of 74 questions, the number of right answers after the course (69.15 ± 3.05) was higher than the result obtained previously (62.95 ± 4.47). The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.01), leading to the conclusion that the structured intervention was effective in improving knowledge of forensic nursing practices.

Conclusion
The results demonstrated the importance of specific training in forensic nursing and support the conclusion that a curricular unit in this area should be developed for inclusion in nursing degree curricula.
Evaluation of Long-Term Surgical Success and Satisfaction of Patients After Vestibulectomy
Authors: David Arik , Bornstein Jacob 
Published: June 2020

Objective
Vestibulectomy is one of the only proven therapeutic treatments for provoked vulvodynia (PVD). However, little is known about long-term surgical success.

Methods
Patients who underwent vestibulectomy between 1991 and 2003 were interviewed to assess frequency of intercourse and degree of pain during various activities, as well as satisfaction with and willingness to recommend the surgery. We also examined the outcome relation to PVD type being primary or secondary. Differences in pain over time were assessed using a paired-sample t test or a Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results
Of 85 eligible patients, 50 (59%) were contacted and 32 (38%) participated. All underwent vestibulectomy 12–24 years prior by the same surgeon. All experienced sexual intercourse without pain at some point after surgery (median = 4 months). Penetration pain averaged 9.13 (scale = 0–10) before surgery and dropped to 0.47 at the time of follow up (p < .001). Other activities that were reported as painful before surgery also improved significantly. No patients reported worsening of pain over time; 87.5% were able to engage in sexual intercourse immediately after the recovery period, and 97% were able to do so at the time of follow up. Ninety-four percent of respondents were highly satisfied, 97% would undergo the surgery again, and 100% would recommend it to others. The type of PVD was unrelated to treatment outcome (p = .297).

Conclusions
Vestibulectomy is an excellent treatment for PVD and has successful long-term outcomes.