bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive classification system for multirod constructs across three-column osteotomies: a reliability study
Authors: El Dafrawy Mostafa H. , Adogwa Owoicho , Wegner Adam M. , Pallotta Nicholas A. , Kelly Michael P. , Kebaish Khaled M. , Bridwell Keith H. , Gupta Munish C. 
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVEIn this study, the authors’ goal was to determine the intra- and interobserver reliability of a new classification system that allows the description of all possible constructs used across three-column osteotomies (3COs) in terms of rod configuration and density.METHODSThirty-five patients with multirod constructs (MRCs) across a 3CO were classified by two spinal surgery fellows according to the new system, and then were reclassified 2 weeks later. Constructs were classified as follows: the number of rods across the osteotomy site followed by a letter corresponding to the type of rod configuration: “M” is for a main rod configuration, defined as a single rod spanning the osteotomy. “L” is for linked rod configurations, defined as 2 rods directly connected to each other at the osteotomy site. “S” is for satellite rod configurations, which were defined as a short rod independent of the main rod with anchors above and below the 3CO. “A” is for accessory rods, defined as an additional rod across the 3CO attached to main rods but not attached to any anchors across the osteotomy site. “I” is for intercalary rod configurations, defined as a rod connecting 2 separate constructs across the 3CO, without the intercalary rod itself attached to any anchors across the osteotomy site. The intra- and interobserver reliability of this classification system was determined.RESULTSA sample estimation for validation assuming two readers and 35 subjects results in a two-sided 95% confidence interval with a width of 0.19 and a kappa value of 0.8 (SD 0.3). The Fleiss kappa coefficient (κ) was used to calculate the degree of agreement between interrater and intraobserver reliability. The interrater kappa coefficient was 0.3, and the intrarater kappa coefficient was 0.63 (good reliability). This scenario represents a high degree of agreement despite a low kappa coefficient. Correct observations by both observers were 34 of 35 and 33 of 35 at both time points. Misclassification was related to difficulty in determining connectors versus anchors.CONCLUSIONSMRCs across 3COs have variable rod configurations. Currently, no classification system or agreement on nomenclature exists to define the configuration of rods across 3COs. The authors present a new, comprehensive MRC classification system with good inter- and intraobserver reliability and a high degree of agreement that allows for a standardized description of MRCs across 3COs.
Reducing admission hypothermia in newborns at a tertiary care NICU of northern India: A quality improvement study
Authors: Patodia J. , Mittal J. , Sharma V. , Verma M. , Rathi M. , Kumar N. , Jain R. , Goyal A. 
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Hypothermia at admission to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in newborns. A baseline study at a tertiary care hospital with all out-born babies showed admission hypothermia of 82%. OBJECTIVE: To reduce admission hypothermia (moderate) in newborns at least by 50% in next 6 months. METHODS: A quality improvement (QI) study was planned using WHO Point of Care Quality Improvement Model (POCQI), [ 17 ] using PDSA (Plan-Do-Study-Act) cycle approach from April 2018 to March 2019, and including 427 term and preterm babies. We educated the staff, reinforced the use of caps, cling wraps, warm linen, introduced Ziploc bags and ensured adequate use of transport incubator. RESULTS: After 6 months, overall admission hypothermia decreased from 82% to 45%, moderate hypothermia reduced from 46% to <10% ( P < 0.001) and severe hypothermia (3%) was completely eliminated. There was also significant reduction in incidence of Intraventricular hemorrhage (13% Vs 4.7%), Late onset neonatal sepsis (38% Vs 19%) and metabolic acidosis (43% Vs 28%). We were able to sustain this improvement for the next 6 months and is ongoing. The strongest predictor of hypothermia was newborns being in the phase before QI initiative was started (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.47, 3.23). CONCLUSION: This study is a cost effective approach in reducing admission hypothermia in NICU in a resource limited setting with all outborn babies, and further decreasing the morbidity associated with it. Hence, emphasizing the importance of maintaining euthermia, not only in delivery rooms, but also during transportation.
Effects of insole on the less affected side during execution of treadmill walking training on gait ability in chronic stroke patients: A preliminary study
Authors: An Bora , Woo Youngkeun , Park Kyuenam , Kim Sujin 
Published: October 2020

Background: People who have had hemiplegic stoke generally move more weight to the unaffected side than the affected side, resulting in asymmetrical posture and decreased ability in walking. Objectives: This study sought to investigate the effect of inducing a weight shift to the affected side by raising the shoe height of the less affected side using an insole during the execution of treadmill training on gait ability in people with chronic stroke. Methods: The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups: insole on less affected side for execution of treadmill walking training (ILTW) group and normal treadmill training (NTW) group. The treadmill training was conducted for 30 minutes per session, 5 times a week, for 4 weeks. A gait analyzer based on body center, Functional Gait Assessment (FGA), Figure-of-Eight Walk Test (F8WT), and 6 min Walk Test (6 MWT), was measured before first intervention and after twentieth treadmill training intervention (Trial registration number is KCT0003830). Results: The results revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups in the Speed, Cadence, Stride Length/Height, Stride Length, Double Support Duration, Single Support Duration, FGA, F8WT, and 6 MWT of the gait test. In the ILTW group, statistically significant improvements were observed in the Speed, Stride Length/Height, Stride Length, Stance Phase Duration, Swing Phase Duration, Double Support Duration, Single Support Duration, FGA, F8WT, and 6 MWT after execution of training, while in the NTW group, statistically significant improvements were observed only in Speed, Cadence, FGA, F8WT, and 6 MWT. Conclusions: ILTW, more than NTW, may improve walking ability in people with chronic stroke as it increases the weight-support ratio by adjusting the shoe height of the unaffected side using an insole.
Nutrient Deficiencies in Production of Annual Floral Crops
Authors: Gibson James L. , Bolles Beth , Dunning Sheila , Friday Theresa , Mullins Dan , Stevenson Carrie , Williams Larry 
Published: October 2020

ENH-1068, an 8-page illustrated fact sheet by James L. Gibson, Beth Bolles, Sheila Dunning, Theresa Friday, Dan Mullins, Carrie Stevenson, and Larry Williams, describes practices for nutrition monitoring and management for growers of annual floral crops. It describes essential nutrients and their translocation, provides a table of essential nutrients, and several figures showing symptoms of nutrient deficiencies. Includes a list of additional resources. Published by the UF Department of Environmental Horticulture, April 2007.
Retired from EDIS October 2020.
A mediação judicial trabalhista a partir da experiência do CEJUSC-JT/Olinda: um estudo de caso
Authors: Vasconcelos Yumara Lúcia , Silva Ana Cristina da , Remígio Adlineri Saile Nogueira Mariano , Albuquerque José de Lima , Luna Maria José Matos 
Published: October 2020

Parte de uma investigação mais ampla, esta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar a prática da mediação trabalhista sob a perspectiva dos mediadores e da experiência institucional desenvolvida na unidade-caso, o Centro Judiciário de Métodos Consensuais de Solução de Disputas (CEJUSC-JT/Olinda). Em plano secundário, visou-se explorar a experiência do Centro, evidenciando os fatores determinantes de desempenho, bem como os desafios enfrentados nesta prática. Nesse intento, adotou-se como estratégia metodológica, de design essencialmente qualitativo, a triangulação de métodos (documentário, estudo de caso e Grounded theory), seguido da análise de conteúdo. A imersão ratificou o sucesso do modelo, destacando a repercussão de iniciativas da coordenação do CEJUSC-JT/Olinda e sua equipe, especialmente mediadores. De fato, as teorias substantivas formuladas encaminharam à identificação dos fatores de êxito, a exemplo da preparação do ambiente e das pessoas envolvidas nos procedimentos mediatórios. As práticas do Centro se diferenciam na periferia do rito legal (obrigatório) por meio de suas políticas e ações. Dentre estas políticas, destaca-se aquela de autocuidado, voltado para as pessoas envolvidas nas atividades do Centro, mediadores e equipe de apoio. No que concerne aos desafios estruturais, destaca-se a resistência das partes às experiências de mediação e conciliação, o ânimo belicoso presente em algumas relações e as próprias limitações da prática nos casos de conflitos que envolvem danos existenciais. Esses resultados remeteram à constatação da necessidade de proceder-se à triagem dos conflitos, visando tratamento mais eficiente e eficaz.
Percepção dos professores da rede estadual do Município de São João da Barra - RJ sobre o uso do Google Classroom no ensino remoto emergencial
Authors: Silva Flávia Cristina dos Santos , Peixoto Gilmara Teixeira Barcelos 
Published: October 2020

O Ensino Remoto Emergencial (ERE) tem o objetivo principal de possibilitar acesso temporário ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem com o suporte de Tecnologias Digitais (TD) de forma confiável, durante uma emergência ou crise. Neste sentido, foi realizada uma pesquisa com professores da rede pública estadual do município de São João da Barra, interior do Rio de Janeiro para investigar a percepção dos professores sobre o uso da plataforma Google Classroom no período do ERE. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida segundo uma abordagem qualitativa e foi do tipo exploratória. Este artigo visa apresentar a análise dos dados coletados por meio de um questionário on-line. Os resultados sinalizaram que a plataforma Google Classroom foi bem aceita na visão dos professores participantes da pesquisa. Observaram-se alguns pontos positivos e negativos por parte dos professores. Os aspectos positivos listados foram à possibilidade de o aluno manter o vínculo com a escola, a interação entre professor e aluno por meio das TD e uma excelente junção entre educação e a tecnologia, uma ponte que busca facilitar à compreensão e consequente a aprendizagem do aluno. Os pontos negativos foram os alunos que não têm acesso à plataforma resultando numa exclusão social por não possuírem computadores, a falta de internet por muitos alunos, a falta de maturidade e comprometimento nesse tipo de ensino e de ainda não se sentirem a vontade para gravar vídeo.
Familjen, välfärdsforskningens svarta låda
Authors: Arve-Parès Birgit 
Published: October 2020

1994 har av FN utlysts till ett internationellt familjeår. Det betyder att frågor om familjen och familjepolitik står pa dagordningen i forskning och politisk debatt över hela världen. Det iär viktigt att svenska familjeforskare deltar i den debatten, både i Sverige och i internationella fora.
1983-2012: las etapas de la transición a la democracia argentina (en claves sociológicas)
Authors: Sidicaro Ricardo 
Published: October 2020

Este artículo aborda las tres décadas de transición a la democracia desde las perspectivas conceptuales de Max Weber y de Pierre Bourdieu. El autor considera que los habitus creados durante la república militar (1930-83) constituyen una cultura política que obstaculiza un normal desarrollo político. Se dividen dos etapas. Durante la primera se observa la formación de un campo político y de una clase política que entraron en colapso con las protestas de 2001. En la siguiente, se inició una aguda crisis de los partidos políticos que hoy plantea serios interrogantes sobre el futuro de las instituciones.
La cuestión del Estado en las teorías neoschumpeterianas de la innovación y el desarrollo
Authors: Borrastero Carina Mariana 
Published: October 2020

El objetivo general del trabajo es analizar las concepciones del Estado y su rol en los procesos de innovación y desarrollo en las teorías evolucionistas neoschumpeterianas. Proponemos un análisis conceptual de las obras principales de cuatro referentes: Nelson y Winter, Dosi, Lundvall y Pérez, desde una perspectiva crítica que problematiza sus aportes y límites para unacomprensión multidimensional de la innovación y el desarrollo. Constatamos la centralidad de la cuestión del Estado a partir de una exploración de la arquitectura conceptual general de las teorías de estos autores. Indagamos en la relación entre los presupuestos teóricos expresados en el discurso teórico de los autores y el peso específico y profundidad conceptual que adquiere la cuestión del Estado en sus análisis. Sugerimosque los autores sostienen una concepción restringida del Estado que plantea dificultades teóricas de relevancia para pensar los procesos de innovación y desarrollo. En función de ello planteamos la necesidad de pasar del Estado como elemento dado en la teoría al Estado como objeto de estudio, sin dejar de reconocer la fecundidad de estas teorías para pensar los problemas asociados a la producción, circulación y consumo deconocimiento al interior de los sistemas sociales y sus implicancias para el desarrollo.
International Seminar on Shah Wali-Allah's Thought
Authors: Abdul Majeed Nazeer Ahmad 
Published: October 2020

Ahinad ibn Abd al-Rahim, better known as Shah Wali-Allab of Delhi( 1703-1762), is perhaps the greatest intellectual figure of Islam in SouthAsia. An international seminar was organized on his thought (as containedin Hujjat-Allah al-Balighah) on February 20-22, 2001 by the Shah WaliAllahDehlavi Research Cell of the Institute of Islamic Studies, AligarhMuslim University, India.Wali-Allah was a prolofic writer in Arabic and Persian and a "syntheticthinker" like Al-Ghazali and ibn-Khaldun. He made his contribution onthe eve of the modem (colonial) period. The British in the Bay of Bengalhad their eyes set on Delhi, the Mughul seat of Muslim power. Deeplyconcerned, Wali-Allah understood his mission to be a two-fold reformationof "the religion and the state." With his favorite slogan "Back to theQur'an", he called for a complete change of the old order and sought to"reopen" the doors of jihad and ijtihad.
In his resistance to the growing power of the Mrathas and Sikhs, he isbelieved to have set a tradition for the subsequent generations of MuslimIndia. Acclaimed variously by different Islamic groups as a reformer,a purifier, a revivalist and a modernizer, Wali-Allah is considered to be thespiritual and intellectual progenitor to a host of religio-political movementsin South Asia, including the Mujahidin movement, the Deobandmovement, the Aligarh movement and the Pakistan movement. Hisinfluence has also been acknowledged on the subsequent generations ofMuslim thinkers in the Indian subcontinent including Allama MuhammadIqbal and Mawlana Abul Aala Mawdudi.In his magnum opus, Hajjat-Allah al-Balighah (The ConclusiveArgument from God), Wali-Allah has worked out an "integrated scheme"of Shari'ah, or a theoretical basis for interpretation and applicationof Shari'ah against a background provided by his ideas of "humanpurposefulness" and "beneficial interests". He believed that his(pre-modern) age demanded a projection of Shari'ah with reasoned andconvincing "arguments", unraveling the secrets (deeper meanings) ofreligious symbols and injunctions ...
A History of Modern Yemen
Authors: Roochnik Paul 
Published: October 2020

If you have time to read a single book on Yemen's recent past, PaulDresch's A History of Modern Yemen is the one for you. Dresch, aUniversity Lecturer at Oxford University's Institute of Social and CulturalAnthropology, elucidates the history of Yemen, starting in the 19thCentury, with the British and the Ottomans vying for power and influencein this most ancient and original of Arab states, and culminating in Yemen'sunification in 1990 and the Yemen-Saudi border settlement of 2000.Within these 285 pages, the author traces over a century and a half of theevents and trends, men and movements, that have shaped today's Yemen.
To be sure, a thorough familiarity with Yemen's long history - if suchknowledge lies within reach - would require a lifetime of reading andstudy. And Dreschs Modern Yemen does not pretend to cover such a span.What Dresch does cover, nevertheless, he covers well and offers afascinating account not just for historians and Middle East analysts, but forYemenophiles such as the present reviewer.The author divides the book into seven chapters, along with twoappendices, a glossary of Arabic terms, a chronological outline of Yemenihistory since 1831, copious notes and references, and an index. ChapterOne, "Turkey, Britain and Imam Yahya: the Years Around 1900", sets thestage not just for the anti-imperialist rebellions which would culminate inthe mid-twentieth century, but also for the on-going internal strugglesfought along tribal, regional, sectarian, and political lines. To follow theplethora of personalities, tribes, and place names which populate thesepages can be a daunting task prepare to jot down notes unless you own aphotographic memory! ...
The Qur’anic Worldview
Authors: Rufai Saheed Ahmad 
Published: October 2020

The thesis of this sophisticated book is that the rebirth of an Islamic identity
can only be realized through a decisive replication of the Muslim community
created through strict adherence to and implementation of the Qur’anic worldview.
The specific details provided by AbdulHamid AbuSulayman in his attempt
to present this thesis as credible and worthy of merit invariably expose
the work as one of synthesis and the lifetime project of an intellectual who is
being propelled by his wanderlust for paving the way for the Muslims’ return
to the golden age of the Islamic heritage. For instance, he describes this book
as his “extended reflection on the Islamic worldview” (p. xv), around which
his scholarship and personal experience have revolved. He also cites this reflection
as the reason why he has “grappled with … issues” relating to it from
his early days and has continued to promote the same line of thought throughout
his “writing career that extended half a century” (p. xx).
The book is divided into five chapters. In chapter 1, the author discusses
the relationship between the Qur’anic worldview and human nature. He bases
his argument on the premise that “every cultural system is associated with an
underlying worldview which is translated into action by means of a particular ...
The Oxford Handbook of Iranian History
Authors: Ebrahimian Mojtaba 
Published: October 2020

Narrating the history of a nation from approximately 1,000,000 BCE to 2009
CE in 389 pages is a daunting and noteworthy task undertaken by the scholars
who have contributed to The Oxford Handbook of Iranian History. This collection
of sixteen short essays by distinguished anthropologists, archaeologists,
historians, and philologists of the Iranian world divides Iranian history into
three general periods: ancient, medieval, and modern. Chapters 1 to 7 address
the ancient Iranian dynasties, chapters 8 to 13 talk about medieval Iran, and
the last three focus on modern Iran. In the words of editor Touraj Daryaee,
each chapter has been written in a way to provide “comprehensive information
for students at the university level and for the uneducated layperson” (p. ii).
Therefore, the book is intended to be more of an introduction rather than a
reference book for scholarly research ...
The Islamic Scholarly Tradition
Authors: Correa Dale J. 
Published: October 2020

This collection comprises fourteen papers delivered at a December 2010 conference
held at Princeton University in honor of Michael A. Cook, as well as
a preface and an introduction. Its four sections are designed to reflect the prin-
cipal areas of Near Eastern and Islamic studies to which Cook has contributed:
“Early Islamic History,” “Early Modern and Modern Islamic History,” “Juridical
and Intellectual History,” and “Reinterpretations and Transformations.”
The papers cover a broad geographic range from al-Andalus to Central Asia,
and an extensive disciplinary range, with studies of calendars, conquest,
fatāwā, tafsīr, and logic, among other subjects.
Part 1 begins with Michael Bonner’s “‘Time Has Come Full Circle’:
Markets, Fairs, and the Calendar in Arabia before Islam,” which addresses
the intercalation of Arabia’s pre-Islamic calendar and the utility of sources
for social history in dealing with this topic. He extends his confirmation of
intercalation to a discussion of trade and social activity, noting that the shift
to the Islamic lunar calendar indicated a shift to a new moral and social order
and a true “revolution” in breaking with the past. In “The Wasiyya of Abū
Hāshim: The Impact of Polemic in Premodern Muslim Historiography,”
Najam Haider focuses on reports of the alleged testament (in 98/716-17) of
Abu Hashim in which, written just before his death, he transferred his imamate
and leadership to the Abbasid Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abdullah. Relying
primarily on Jacob Lassner’s approach to early material of this kind,
which focuses on political propaganda and ideological debates, the author
highlights the competition among reports of this testament and, later on in
the Mamluk period, the processes of crafting a historical narrative that removed
the polemical aspects. His study exemplifies the use of an alternative
approach to early Islamic history, one that focuses on what compilations of
historical reports tell us about contemporaneous political situations and religious
doctrine, as well as about the historiographic methods of pre-modern
historians ...
Women in Morocco
Authors: El Haitami Meriem 
Published: October 2020

The recent political upheavals in the Arab world were marked by
women’s significant presence in struggling for democracy alongside
men. Muslim women activists in Morocco have particularly gained
legitimacy in the context of the Arab Spring, which has brought the
Justice and Development conservative political party to power. This
has contributed to a shift from the elite liberal state feminism to a
more legitimate religious activism. This introduces new spaces for
contention, taking into consideration that following the 2003
Casablanca bombings, Morocco has taken a series of measures to
absorb the growing momentum of political Islam. One such measure
has been to restructure the religious field by means of reforming
and controlling the dynamics of religion in Morocco; this was primarily
marked by the significant entry and deployment of women
in the religious field as religious leaders and scholars. These statetrained
female religious authorities offer spiritual counseling and
religious instruction to different social segments. Therefore, they
redefine parameters of religious authority and define a new model
of activism that seeks to cultivate collective pious conduct within
society and thus contribute to a comprehensive social reform.
Therefore, this article explores the dynamics of female religious
authority in Morocco in light of the current social and political
changes. I examine how these women construct authority as religious
leaders and how they endorse the state’s authority to control
the dynamics of religion in Morocco and curb the voices of individuals
or groups that operate outside of official Islam. I argue
that despite the fact that these female religious authorities are
viewed as instruments of state propaganda, they are gaining wider
legitimacy and contributing greatly to the social welfare of their
communities, which makes their “official” entry into the religious
domain a serious step toward democracy and positive change.