bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vaikų perforavusių skrandžio ir dvylikapirštės žarnos opų diagnostika ir gydymas
Authors: Baltrūnaitė Jūratė , Trainavičius Kęstutis 
Published: June 2020

Darbo tikslasSkrandžio ar dvylikapirštės žarnos opos perforacija yra reta, tačiau gyvybei pavojinga vaikų būklė. Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti vaikų perforavusių skrandžio ir dvylikapirštės žarnos opų kliniką, diagnostiką ir gydymą.Tyrimo medžiaga ir metodaiAtlikta retrospektyvi ligonių, 1994–2012 m. gydytų Vaikų ligoninės VUL SK filialo Vaikų chirurgijos skyriuje, duomenų analizė. Vertinta ligonių amžius, lytis, anamnezė, klinika, fizinio ir instrumentinio ištyrimo duomenys, operacijos radiniai, metodai ir trukmė, medikamentinė terapija ir ankstyvosios komplikacijos. Statistinė duomenų analizė atlikta MS Excel programa.RezultataiBuvo tirta 15 vaikų: 14 (93,3 %) berniukų ir 1 (6,6 %) mergaitė. Vidutinis ligonių amžius buvo 16,3±1,3 metų. Dvylikai (80 %) ligonių diagnozuota skrandžio, 3 (20 %) – dvylikapirštės žarnos opos perforacija. Iki perforacijos pilvo skausmais skundėsi 11 (73,3 %) ligonių, iš jų keturiems buvo diagnozuota opaligė. Dauguma ligonių (46,6 %) atvyko į ligoninę per 6 valandas nuo simptomų pradžios. Visi vaikai skundėsi labai stipriu skausmu pakrūtinio srityje, 8 (53,3 %) – pykinimu ir vėmimu. Tik 1 (6,6 %) vaikui buvo melena. Vienas (6,6 %) skundėsi pakrūtinio skausmu, plintančiu į kairį petį. 86,6 % tiriamųjų nustatyti pilvaplėvės dirginimo požymiai. Apžvalginėje pilvo rentgenogramoje 12 (80 %) ligonių rasta laisvo oro po diafragma. Ligoniai iki operacijos vidutiniškai sirgo 34,47 ± 57,41 valandas (nuo 2 iki 178). Laparotomija buvo atlikta 13 (86,6 %) ligonių, laparoskopija – 2 (20 %). Net 12 (80 %) vaikų perforavusios opos rastos skrandžio prepiliorinės dalies priekinėje sienoje. Aštuoniems ligoniams (53,4 %) skirta H. pylori eradikacinė terapija. Vaikai ligoninėje gydyti vidutiniškai 10,6 ± 6,3 dienas (nuo 4 iki 32). Pooperacinė eiga buvo sklandi 14 (93,3 %) ligonių, 1 (6,6 %) vaikui nustatyta nefrozinio lygio proteinurija. Visi ligoniai pasveiko.IšvadosSkrandžio ir dvylikapirštės žarnos opos turėtų būti įtariamos paaugliams berniukams, kurie kreipiasi dėl ūminių stiprių pakrūtinio skausmų ir kuriems nustatytas pilvaplėvės dirginimas. Laisvas oras po diafragma apžvalginėje pilvo rentgenogramoje – itin svarbus požymis diagnozuojant ligą. Ulcerorafija ir H. pylori eradikacija (kai infekcija patvirtinta) yra būtini, kad pacientas visiškai pasveiktų.
Ekscizija ir kiuretažas – optimalus pilonidinės cistos gydymo metodas: literatūros apžvalga
Authors: Makūnaitė Gabija , Danys Donatas , Strupas Kęstutis , Poškus Tomas 
Published: June 2020

TikslasRemiantis literatūros duomenimis, pasiūlyti optimalų pilonidinės cistos gydymo metodą.MetodikaNaudojant „PubMed“ elektroninę duomenų bazę peržiūrėta 2010–2016 metais publikuota literatūra, kurios pagrindinė tematika – pilonidinės cistos gydymas. Paieškai naudoti raktiniai žodžiai: pilonidinė cista, kiuretažas, ekscizija, drenažas, recidyvai. Apžvalgai atrinkti straipsniai, kuriuose duomenys pateikti remiantis atsitiktinių imčių bei kontroliuojamų studijų, tyrusių daugiau nei 1000 pacientų, rezultatais, o išvados paremtos statistiškai patikimais rodikliais. Remiantis perspektyviųjų atsitiktinių imčių tyrimų duomenimis apžvelgti ilgalaikiai pilonidinės cistos gydymo rezultatai. Taip pat analizuoti ir nagrinėtų straipsnių literatūros sąraše pateikti literatūros šaltiniai, nepasiūlyti pradinėje paieškoje.Rezultatai Į apžvalgą įtrauktos studijos, lyginančios skirtingų pilonidinės cistos operacinio gydymo būdų efektyvumą. Buvo vertinama:operacijos trukmė, gijimo laikas, recidyvų, komplikacijų dažniai bei grįžimo į darbą laikas. Sisteminė apžvalga ir metaanalizė apėmė 13 studijų, nagrinėjusių pilonidinės cistos atvėrimo ir kiuretažo (CAK) rezultatus. Gauti duomenys palyginti su alternatyviomis pilonidinės cistos gydymo technikomis: recidyvų dažnis CAK pacientų grupėje – 4,47 %, ekscizijos ir antrinio žaizdos gijimo grupėje – 11,9 %, ekscizijos ir marsupielizacijos – 7,1 %, ekscizijos ir pirminio žaizdos užsiuvimo vidurio linijoje – iki 20 %, ekscizijos ir užsiuvimo ne vidurio linijoje – 11 %. Operacijos laikas: CAK – 34,6 min., o kitų operacijų būdų siekia iki 89 min. Komplikacijų dažnis CAK grupėje taip pat mažesnis (1,44 %, palyginti su 23,8 % po ekscizijos ir antrinio žaizdos gijimo). Grįžimo į darbą mediana po CAK – 8,4 dienų, po kitų operacijų šis laikas daug ilgesnis (siekia iki 43 dienų). Žaizdos gijimo trukmė trumpesnė po CAK. Be to, cistos atvėrimas ir kiuretažas gali būti atliktas sukeliant vietinę nejautrą (7 iš 13 studijų). Kitų studijų rezultatai panašūs, pabrėžiama retesni ligos recidyvai, trumpesnė pooperacinio gijimo trukmė bei ankstesnis grįžimas į darbą. Išvados Remiantis apžvelgtų naujausių straipsnių duomenimis, prioritetinis pilonidinės cistos gydymas turi būti kiek įmanoma mažiau agresyvus, tad pirmo pasirinkimo operacija turėtų būti cistos atvėrimas ir kiuretažas. Nors šis būdas senas, bet gerokai pranašesnis už alternatyvius metodus – retesni recidyvai, pooperacinės komplikacijos, operacija lengvai atliekama ir trumpai trunkanti, pigi, jai atlikti pakanka vietinės anestezijos, pooperacinis laikotarpis mažiau skausmingas ir pacientas greičiau grįžta į darbą.
Healthy PNPLA3 Risk Allele Carriers Present with Unexpected Body Fat Composition. A Study of One ousand Subjects
Authors: Kempinska-Podhorodecka Agnieszka , Krawczyk Marcin , Klak Marta , Blatkiewicz Malgorzata , Lammert Frank , Milkiewicz Piotr , Milkiewicz Malgorzata 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The common PNPLA3 (adiponutrin) variant p.I148M represents a major genetic driver of progression in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is commonly associated with traits of the metabolic syndrome, therefore it is mostly suspected in obese individuals. Here, we investigate the association between the PNPLA3 variant and anthropometric traits in a cohort of healthy individuals.Patients and methods: We recruited 1,000 (500 females; age 18 - 66 years) healthy blood donors. The PNPLA3 variant was genotyped using TaqMan assays. All individuals were phenotyped with respect to anthropometric characteristics. We also determined the percentage of total fat (F%) and active tissue (TA%) of body weight.Results: Healthy carriers of the PNPLA3 [IM] and [MM] genotypes, although not differing in height from individuals with the genotype [II], displayed significantly lower body weight and lower BMI (both P = 0.005), higher TA% (P = 0.03) but lower F% (P = 0.03) and smaller waist, chest and shin circumferences (all P < 0.05). Separate analysis for males and females demonstrated an association between the [IM] and [MM] genotypes and higher TA% but lower F% (P = 0.04) in females. In males, BMI and total weight were significantly (P = 0.04) lower among carriers of the [M] allele.Discussion: Healthy individuals carrying the prosteatotic PNPLA3 allele p.I48M may be leaner as compared to the carriers of the common allele. Hence in clinical practice they might be overlooked since they do not necessarily present with the anthropometric characteristics commonly associated with severe hepatic steatosis.Abbreviations: ATX - autotaxin; BMI - body mass index; F% - total fat of body weight in %; Fkg - total fat of body weight in kilograms; GWAS - genome-wide association study; LPA - lysophosphatidic acid; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH - non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; PA - phosphatidic acid; PNPLA3-patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (adiponutrin); TA% - active tissue of body weight in %; TAkg - active tissue of body weight in kilograms; WHR - waist-to-hip ratio.
Peralihan Hak Atas Tanah Warisan yang Sedang Dibebani Hak Tanggungan
Authors: Irawan Eko 
Published: June 2020

Tulisan ini betujuan untuk menganalisa suatu peristiwa hukum pengalihan tanah warisan yang sedang dibebani Hak Tanggungan; hambatan yang dihadapi oleh debitur terkait dengan peralihan hak atas tanah warisan yang masih terbebani hak tanggungan; dan akibat hukum bila ahli waris menolak warisan hak atas tanah yang sedang dibebani hak tanggungan. Akhir dari tulisan ini menyimpulkan tiga hal. Pertama, bahwa tata cara peralihan hak atas tanah warisan yang sedang dibebani hak tanggungan yakni dilaksanakan setelah diperoleh persetujuan tertulis dari pemegang hak tanggungan atau pihak lain yang berwenang menyetujui penghapusan beban yang bersangkutan. Juga, pendaftaran peralihan hak tanggungan dilakukan dengan mencatatnya pada buku tanah serta sertipikat hak tanggungan yang bersangkutan dan pada buku tanah serta sertipikat hak yang dibebani berdasarkan surat tanda bukti beralihnya piutang yang dijamin karena pewarisan. Kedua, hambatan yang dihadapi oleh kreditur terkait dengan peralihan hak atas tanah warisan yang masih dibebani Hak Tanggungan yakni hambatan dalam proses balik nama ke ahli waris di Kantor Pertanahan. Ketiga, penolakan ahli waris atas warisan hak atas tanah yang sedang dalam pembebanan Hak Tanggungan tidak mengakibatkan Hak Tanggungan yang sedang membebaninya menjadi hapus.
Prinsip Perlindungan yang Sama dalam Pemberian Bantuan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Berat
Authors: Prabowo Fandy 
Published: June 2020

Bantuan hukum yang diberikan pada tersangka atau terdakwa pada hakekatnya merupakan pembelaan peraturan hukum dan perlindungan yang diberikan agar tersangka atau terdakwa terlindungi haknya. Namun sering terjadi pengabaian dan pelanggaran dalam praktek ketika tersangka ditangkap dan diinterogasi, berupa penyidik jarang sekali memberitahukan kepadanya hak mendapat bantuan hukum. Padahal ketentuan ini telah diatur dalam Pasal 114 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana. Tulisan ini ditutup dengan tiga kesimpulan. Pertama, konstitusi menjamin hak setiap warga negara mendapat pengakuan, jaminan, perlindungan dan kepastian hukum yang adil serta perlakuan yang sama di depan hukum, termasuk hak untuk mengakses keadilan melalui pemberian bantuan hukum. Kedua, Beberapa bentuk jaminan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana berat yang memperoleh bantuan hukum antara lain dengan didampingi oleh penasihat hukum yang disediakan oleh negara melalui lembaga-lembaga penyedia bantuan hukum yang telah terdaftar di Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Republik Indonesia. Ketiga, telah terdapat banyak kasus yang telah mempunyai kekuatan hukum tetap dan menjadi yurisprudensi yang memuat tentang tidak sahnya berita acara pemeriksaan apabila hak tersangka tidak disampaikan/dipenuhi oleh penyidik. khususnya hak terkait dengan bantuan hukum.
Cardiac and vascular changes in the patho- and morphogenesis of alcohol use disorder
Authors: Paukov V. S. , Kirillov Yu. A. , Erokhin Yu. A. , Chernov I. A. 
Published: June 2020

Aim. To reveal the patho- and morphogenesis of microvascular injury, cardiac and vascular changes in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and the role of cardiovascular pathology in the thanatogenesis of patients with chronic alcohol intoxication.Material and methods. The study was carried out using the data of 1118 autopsies of patients with AUD. We used histological, immuno-histochemical, electron microscopic and biochemical methods, as well as morphometrics with statistical processing of the results.Results. Most patients with binge drinking developed alcoholic cardiomyopathy, cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fatty degeneration, microvascular arteriolosclerosis and hyalinosis, diffuse focal sclerosis, as well as mitochondrial swelling and fragmentation of cristae in cardio-myocytes (CMC). The proportion of damaged CMC was 30,9±0,6%. Sclerosis affected 20,1±0,9% of the stroma. If alcohol was abandoned or consumed within the basal metabolic rate, these changes were reversible. With alcoholism, alcoholic cardiomyopathy, arteriosclerosis and arteriolosclerosis progressed. Compared with the binge drinking, the proportion of damaged CMC (44,8±1,1%) and the cardiosclerosis area (28,1±0,5%) significantly increased. Mallory bodies with autoantigen properties were detected. Morphological changes became irreversible.Conclusion. The data obtained identified the need for AUD isolation as an independent nosological entity with stage-by-stage pathogenesis. In the stage of binge drinking, the compensatory and adaptive capabilities of the body are preserved. With appropriate treatment, this stage of AUD is treatable. In the stage of alcoholism, changes in organs and tissues are irreversible, and it is more advisable for addiction medicine physicians to deal with palliative treatment of such patients.
Legal Liability of the Deputies to NPC for Selling Ballots
Authors: Heng Zhou 
Published: June 2020

Deputies to people’s congresses enjoy the right to elect the personnel of a state organ, members of the Standing Committee of the People’s Congress at the same level and deputies to the People’s Congress at a higher level in accordance with the provisions of the law. Based on the official nature of the right to vote, deputies to NPC can not transfer their right to vote and sell votes. As selling ballots is an illegal exercise of their official duty, they should assume for corresponding criminal responsibility for the crime of undermining election and bribery provided in the Criminal Law of China. Moreover, delegates to NPC who have the status of public officials shall be included in the supervision , and strengthen the responsibility inquiry.
Multidisciplinary health care monitoring and training program: impact on antibiotic use
Authors: Aleksandrova E G , Abakumova T R , Evstigneev S V , Titarenko A F , Khaziakhmetova V N , Ziganshina L E 
Published: June 2020

Aim. To develop a program for monitoring the use of antibacterial agents and training in their rational use using the information on consumption and expenses in a multidisciplinary healthcare institution.
Methods. From 2011 to 2014, a group of clinical pharmacologists developed and implemented a monitoring program for the use of antibacterial agents using the ATC/DDD and ABC/VEN methodology in SBIH Penza Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.N. Burdenko. Hospital doctors were trained in the principles of rational use of drugs and antibiotics as part of continuing education in clinical pharmacology using monitoring results analysis of the costs and consumption of antibacterial agents.
Results. Over the four years of monitoring and three years of educational activities, the most pronounced changes have occurred in the use of fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, macrolides and carbapenems. Fluoroquinolones consumption reduced 2 times, and it cost of purchase reduced 6 times (of total). Aminoglycosides consumption increased 3 times, primarily due to amikacin 5 times consumption increase. Macrolides consumption reduced 3 times, primarily due to clarithromycin decrease in consumption. At the same time, the antibacterial agents of the cephalosporin group leading in consumption, with their cost had decreased 2-fold. However, carbapenems consumption increased 3 times, with their costs increase 7 times.
Conclusion. Over the three years of the program, expenses and consumption of antibacterial agents of the fluoroquinolone and macrolide group were reduced, with an increase in the consumption of aminoglycosides and carbapenems without changes in the consumption of cephalosporins; costs of cephalosporins and carbapenems led to an increase in overall antibiotic costs; further efforts and studies are needed to study the use of antibacterial agents.
Pulmonary function tests in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Authors: Kamal Sayed Ali Dina 
Published: June 2020

BPD (bronchopulmonary dysplasia) is the most common complication of preterm birth for all gestational ages. The phenotype seen with BPD is the end result of a complex multifactorial process in which various pre-and postnatal factors compromise normal development in the immature lung. The aim of this study was to monitor the pulmonary function in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and to declare the hypothesis that BPD has different phenotypes, that could be detected by iPFT during their initial NICU stay.This is a prospective study, in the period from Feb 2015 till April 2018. It includes 32 preterm infants (gestational age &#60;37 weeks), were diagnosed as having primary bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) was done for all patients one day before discharge from NICU.the median gestational age at birth was 29.6 weeks ([IQR], 27.6-28.9) and the median birth weight was 1500 g (IQR, 945-1760). At the time of iPFT, the median postmenstrual age 44 weeks (IQR, 39-47), the median weight was 4.25 kg (IQR, 3.25-5.350). There were 19 patients (60%) with obstructive, 9 patients (29%) with mixed, 4 patients (11%) with restrictive phenotypes.our findings reveal that BPD has 3 distinct phenotypes. The different phenotypes of BPD must be taken into consideration in the management of such patients for better outcome. Future researches are needed in a larger scale to define accurately the bronchopulmonary dysplasia phenotypes
Fetomaternal outcome in elderly primigravida
Authors: Narwat Yogesh , Thatal Annet , Grace Luksom Pesona 
Published: June 2020

Elderly primigravida is defined as women thirty five years of age or above who is pregnant for the first time. The advancement in the artificial reproductive technology have played an important part in delaying the pregnancy. Maternal age is no longer only important factor in women wishing for conception. Nevertheless the increased fetomaternal complication and consideration as a high risk leading to early intervention among these age group is of concern.The objective of the study was to find out incidence and to determine fetomaternal outcome in elderly primigravida.The study was cross sectional, conducted in Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur over a period of one and half year. Elderly primigravida admitted at term in hospital were studied for fetomaternal outcome.Of 17890 delivery during the study period, 280 were elderly primigravida giving an incidence of 1.8%. Based on inclusion criteria, 166 were enrolled in study.Maternal compilation seen were, Oligohydraminos 6.02%, Gestational hypertension 3.01%, Breech presentation 6.03%, PROM 4.2%, Placenta Praevia 2.4%, Gestational diabetes mellitus 0.6% and Twin gestation 2.4%.Caesarean rate was 67.5% of which 62.5% was done for cephalopelvic disproportion. 5.3% baby was low birth weight.Although fetomaternal complication in Elderly Primigravida is increased, with adequate antenatal care, early recognition of complication and timely intervention, optimum outcome can be expected. Further conclusion drawn from this study is rate of Caesarean section which is of concern and needs to be further assessed.
Fallujah in Ottoman Period 1881-1917 A.D: Documentary Study
Authors: Karim Abbas Al.rawi Imad , Ali Jasem Al.Subaihi Qutaiba 
Published: June 2020

The location of Fallujah, sitting on land and river transport routes, coupled with its proximity to Baghdad, contributed to its expansion at the end of the nineteenth century. The increase in population drew it to the attention of the Ottoman Empire. Formerly a village in the region of Saqlawiya, after the Ottomans constructed a large wooden bridge in 1885, it became the metropolitan centre for the region. At this time, the Ottomans also increaseds the size of their gharrison at Fallujah, to protect their burgeoning trade routes, especially those with Bagdhad. The city also gained a motor vessel to allow it to transport goods and military equipment to Baghdad. This study considers these developments, and also dicusses the Ottoman policies of pacification and subjugation with regards to the Arab tribes living in villages around Fallujah, ranging from taxation and military force to peace-keeping mediation to prevent inter-tribal conflicts.
Keywords: Administration Side, Military Force, Ottoman State, Fallujah, Arabian Treble
Challenges to the state policy towards migration processes in Poland
Authors: Heffner Krystian , Solga Brygida 
Published: June 2020

In quantitative dimension, Poland is a significant émigré country in which the scale of external outflow has been maintained at the level of about 2 million people for many years. In the light of (Central Statistical Office) data in 2016, 2 million 515 thousand Poles were abroad temporarily for a period of more than 3 months.
An important task of migration policy is therefore to minimise the negative effects of mass emigration and to maximise the benefits resulting from this process. At the same time, in the decade after 2010, the volume of foreigners coming to Poland increased significantly and it should be expected that, as the socio-economic attractiveness of the country has grown, this group would be increasing as well. According to the Ministry of Family, Labour and Social Policy (Ministerstwo Rodziny, Pracy i Polityki Społecznej) data, 235 626 work permits were issued in 2017, including 192 547 to Ukrainian citizens (ca. 82%). To compare, in the same year, the district employment offices (Powiatowy Urząd Pracy) registered 1 824 464 declarations of intention to work to foreigners, including 1 714 891 towards the citizens of Ukraine (94%). The discussion on the nature of immigration policy is therefore unavoidable. The growing inflow of foreigners is gaining a special demographic, social and political significance in the context of unfavourable forecast of population changes in Poland. It also has an important regional dimension. From this perspective, foreigners will be needed on the Polish labour market to alleviate already existing and projected shortages of labour resources.
An important challenge is to develop a strategy for the integration of social, economic and cultural foreigners into the Polish society. Consequently, the persistent mass emigration, growing immigration, unflagging migration potential and, more expected than real, the return of Poles from emigration are a great challenge for the Polish economy and society as well as for regions. This multidimensional nature of foreign migration in Poland makes the emergence of migration policy system, corresponding to internal and external conditions, a necessity.
The postulate of the formulation of the foundations of a migration policy appeared in Poland at the beginning of the 1990s, but until now a coherent system of this policy has failed to develop as a complementary element of the socio-economic policy of the country.
FORUM: REFLEKSI AJEG BALI HARI INI
Authors: Pramana Gede Indra 
Published: June 2020

This paper traces the discourse on Ajeg Bali. As a formulation for the crisis in the post-boom Bali bombing in 2002, Ajeg Bali is considered as panacea that can solve all problems. By tracing the Ajeg Bali discourse and practices revealed in his name, found that amid the onslaught of the power of capital, mighty Ajeg Bali served as servant of power
MELAMPAUI REZIM OPTIC: PANDANGAN YANG MENUBUH DAN EROTISME ALICE EVE DALAM “STARTER FOR 10”
Authors: Murti Ghanesya Hari 
Published: June 2020

Cinematic capability in the movie "Starter For 10" is to remind that eroticism or intimacy is able to surpass the optical regime or gaze as initiated by Mulvey‟s feminist film theory. Deleuze purposes haptic vision, which later on developed by Marks into Haptic Visuality as cinematic ability to dismantle subject-object relation within Mulvey‟s idea that assumed women body only as pleasure.Eroticism offered in the film is able to perform haptic visuality where the audience has a sense of being touched when the eye is no longer able to accommodate the information and the optical has loss its control. Haptic vision allows both to be object because the sensations move to the other senses. Thus, Alice Eve is not only an object but also invites the audience to be the object as well when the other senses are active. Eroticism presented in the film is no longer busy looking for subject and object but more into a unity where deterministic category is no longer exist.