bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of children and adolescents with gray zone lymphoma: A case series
Authors: Perwein Thomas , Lackner Herwig , Ebetsberger‐Dachs Georg , Beham‐Schmid Christine , Zach Klara , Tamesberger Melanie , Simonitsch‐Klupp Ingrid , Lüftinger Roswitha , Dworzak Michael , Mann Georg , Benesch Martin , Attarbaschi Andishe ,   the Austrian Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and the Austrian Berlin‐Frankfurt‐Münster (BFM) Study Group
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundData on management of gray zone lymphoma (GZL) in children and adolescents are scarce.ProcedureThis retrospective study assessed clinical characteristics and outcome in six Austrian patients with GZL less than 18 years of age (male‐to‐female ratio: 1:1; median age: 15.8 years).ResultsTwo patients each had a classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL)‐like and composite GZL subtype, and one patient each had a large B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (LBCL)‐like and sequential GZL subtype. All had advanced disease with mediastinal and extranodal involvement. Five patients received an LBCL‐ and one patient a cHL‐directed polychemotherapy ± radiotherapy. Out of the former patients, three survived, including two who relapsed and underwent high‐dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue. The latter patient survived.ConclusionsGZL remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, necessitating the development of novel treatment concepts performed in a prospective setting.
Collective and personal self‐esteem as mediators between perceived group discrimination and adjustment in Chinese migrant children
Authors: Jia Xuji , Li Yaqian , Su Peng , Liu Xia , Lin Danhua 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that perceived discrimination is negatively correlated with children's psychological development. However, how perceived group discrimination (PGD) leads to negative adjustment is not known. For 692 Chinese rural‐to‐urban migrant children, we examined the relations between PGD and both behavioral and emotional adaptation (antisocial behavior and positive affect), as mediated by collective self‐esteem (CSE) and personal self‐esteem (PSE). Children (50.7% boys; Mage = 13.37 years) completed questionnaires on PGD, antisocial behavior, positive affect, CSE, and PSE. PGD was positively associated with antisocial behavior and negatively associated with positive affect according to structural equation modeling. CSE and PSE accounted for some of the PGD related to antisocial behavior and fully accounted for PGD effects on positive affect. These findings suggested that the combination of CSE and PSE is a potential mechanism that underlies PGD associated with both antisocial behavior and positive affect.
Patient‐reported outcomes from the distress assessment and response tool program in Chinese cancer inpatients
Authors: Tang Lili , Zhang Yening , Pang Ying 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurposeDistress screening using measures of patient‐reported outcomes (PRO) has been introduced in China and is increasingly recognized as contributing to whole‐patient care. We carried out a multi‐centered cross‐sectional survey of Chinese cancer inpatients to explore the symptom burden, symptom clusters, and risk factors of distress.MethodPatients were recruited from five hospitals in four provinces. The Distress Assessment and Response Tool (DART) was used as the screening tool. Demographic and medical information was collected. Descriptive analysis, the chi‐square test, logistics regression analysis, and hierarchical clustering analysis were used.ResultsTotally 1045 valid questionnaires were collected (83.6% validity ratio). Low well‐being (39.4%), lack of appetite (35.4%), tiredness (32.9%), pain (21.1%), and anxiety (19.8%) were the top five symptoms. Patients in Ci County had a heavier symptom burden than patients at other sites. Depression, anxiety, nausea, drowsiness, and pain were considered pain‐illness symptoms; lack of appetite, low well‐being, tiredness, and shortness of breath were considered fatigue‐illness symptoms. Social difficulty was a risk factor for all symptoms. A high proportion of suicide ideation (38.8%) and suicide intention (10.5%) was identified among patients with potential depression.ConclusionThe high symptom burden of Chinese cancer inpatients indicates the necessity of distress screening; well‐designed screening programs such as the multidimensional DART and its acceptability in China should be further explored. Social difficulty has a universal impact on patients' well‐being, and psychosocial care should be integrated into holistic symptoms management.
Multirepresentation, Multiheuristic A* search‐based motion planning for a free‐floating underwater vehicle‐manipulator system in unknown environment
Authors: Youakim Dina , Cieslak Patryk , Dornbush Andrew , Palomer Albert , Ridao Pere , Likhachev Maxim 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA key challenge in autonomous mobile manipulation is the ability to determine, in real time, how to safely execute complex tasks when placed in unknown or changing world. Addressing this issue for Intervention Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (I‐AUVs), operating in potentially unstructured environment is becoming essential. Our research focuses on using motion planning to increase the I‐AUVs autonomy, and on addressing three major challenges: (a) producing consistent deterministic trajectories, (b) addressing the high dimensionality of the system and its impact on the real‐time response, and (c) coordinating the motion between the floating vehicle and the arm. The latter challenge is of high importance to achieve the accuracy required for manipulation, especially considering the floating nature of the AUV and the control challenges that come with it. In this study, for the first time, we demonstrate experimental results performing manipulation in unknown environment. The Multirepresentation, Multiheuristic A* (MR‐MHA*) search‐based planner, previously tested only in simulation and in a known a priori environment, is now extended to control Girona500 I‐AUV performing a Valve‐Turning intervention in a water tank. To this aim, the AUV was upgraded with an in‐house‐developed laser scanner to gather three‐dimensional (3D) point clouds for building, in real time, an occupancy grid map (octomap) of the environment. The MR‐MHA* motion planner used this octomap to plan, in real time, collision‐free trajectories. To achieve the accuracy required to complete the task, a vision‐based navigation method was employed. In addition, to reinforce the safety, accounting for the localization uncertainty, a cost function was introduced to keep minimum clearance in the planning. Moreover a visual‐servoing method had to be implemented to complete the last step of the manipulation with the desired accuracy. Lastly, we further analyzed the approach performance from both loose‐coupling and clearance perspectives. Our results show the success and efficiency of the approach to meet the desired behavior, as well as the ability to adapt to unknown environments.
Design and testing of the JPL‐Nautilus Gripper for deep‐ocean geological sampling
Authors: Backus Spencer B. , Onishi Rina , Bocklund Andrew , Berg Andrew , Contreras Eric D. , Parness Aaron 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe present the design and experimental results for the JPL‐Nautilus Gripper, a 16‐finger highly underactuated microspine gripper for use in the deep ocean. The gripper can grasp objects from 10 to 30 cm in size and anchor to flat and curved rocky surfaces (i.e., cliff faces and seamounts). Laboratory results demonstrated an anchoring capability of greater than 450 N on rough rocks in both shear and normal loading directions. Deployment on the Hercules ROV (remotely operated vehicle) aboard the E/V Nautilus on three deep‐ocean dives verified performance at depths up to to 2,100 m with approximately 100 N loads applied through the ROV's thrusters, including moment loads. The gripper also serves as a development unit for future robotic tools that will include a coring drill in the center of the gripper, as previously demonstrated in non‐ocean environments with microspine grippers. Such a tool will facilitate the collection of geologic samples from the deep ocean using more agile and cost‐effective systems.
Terrestrial Relay‐Aided Cooperative High Throughput Satellite Systems
Authors: Sirigina Rajendra Prasad , AS Madhukumar , Bowyer Mark 
Published: February 2020

SummaryFull frequency reuse based dual satellite system (DSS) is investigated in this work. In the case of DSS, user terminals receive inter spot beam and intra spot beam interfering signals due to the simultaneous transmission of data from both satellites. Cooperative precoding algorithm is proposed to mitigate these effects. The achievable data rates with zero‐forcing (ZF) and regularized ZF precoding algorithms are characterized. If the user terminals served by both satellites are colocated, then the proposed cooperative precoding algorithm fails because of correlated channels. To this end, relay‐aided DSS (RA‐DSS) is proposed. The achievable data rates of both full‐duplex and half‐duplex RA‐DSSs are characterized. Through simulations, it is shown that the proposed full‐duplex RA‐DSS achieves better data rate than the DSS, single satellite system, and orthogonal transmission even if the users are closely placed.
Regulated, reliable, and reputable: Protect patients with uniform standards for stem cell treatments
Authors: Lomax Geoffrey P. , Torres Art , Millan Maria T. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The promise of cell and gene therapies is being realized as new products emerge to treat diseases once considered intractable. These treatments are emerging amidst reports of patients being injured by unproven “stem cell” interventions. At this juncture, it is vital to be supporting the continued development of promising regenerative medicine products while protecting patients from the risks posed by unproven interventions. Various stakeholders, including governments, patient groups, medical societies, and the media, are committed to this outcome. In this perspective, we draw on our experience gained from partnerships in developing regenerative medicine products to identify technical, organizational, and ethical benchmarks for the responsible delivery of regenerative medicine treatments. These benchmarks may serve as the basis for policy interventions intended to drive the responsible delivery of stem cell and regenerative medicine products. Our particular focus is on a California-based policy, but the suggested benchmarks are broadly applicable to national and international jurisdictions.

Significance statement This perspective is aimed at building consensus for the stem cell field to ensure proper conduct of clinical research and the regulation of the practice of medicine involving cell-based treatments.
Bimetallic Metal‐Organic Framework Derived ZnO/Ni0.9Zn0.1O Nanocomposites for Improved Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes
Authors: Zhong Ming , Qu Shuang‐Yan , Zhao Kun , Fei Peng , Wei Miao‐Miao , Yang Haidong , Su Bitao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn optimized structure is of considerable importance for nickle oxide (NiO)‐based materials to achieve high performance as catalyst for contaminant degradation due to the inherent large band gap. Herein, a series of hybrids of NiO nanoparticles doped with zinc oxide (ZnO) semiconductor were fabricated via a facile one‐step calcination of bimetallic metal‐organic frameworks with varied Ni2+/Zn2+ molar ratios (MOF‐NiZn). It is worth noting that partial positions of Ni in NiO lattice are replaced by Zn to form a Ni0.9Zn0.1O phase. Benefiting from the unique hybrid advantage, the rationally designed material could effectively lower the band gap of NiO, thus improving the photocatalytic performance. The optimized ZnO/Ni0.9Zn0.1O‐82 catalyst exhibits the highest degradation activity towards methylene blue (MB) with efficiency up to 97.4 % within 60 min. Additionally, the radicals trapping experiments reveal that the photo‐generated hydroxyl radical (.OH) is the predominant active species during the photodegradation of MB.
Removal of Fluoride by Graphene Oxide/Alumina Nanocomposite: Adsorbent Preparation, Characterization, Adsorption Performance and Mechanisms
Authors: Xu Naicai , Li Sixia , Li Wu , Liu Zhong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractGO/Al2O3 was successfully prepared by using hydrothermal method which was used to study the removing of fluoride from water. The characterization results of X‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectra indicated that γ‐Al2O3 had been modified onto GO nanosheets. The BET surface area of GO/Al2O3 is 326.22 m2 g−1 and the corresponding pore size center at 3.7 nm. A batch of fluoride adsorption experiments were employed to investigate the effects of various factors such as solution pH values, contact time, fluoride initial concentrations, temperature, adsorbent dose, co‐existing anions, and recycling on fluoride removal. The results showed that the adsorption capacity (4.68  mg g‐1) of GO/Al2O3 is higher than that of γ‐Al2O3 (3.04 mg g−1). In addition, the modified adsorbent had a wide range of pH applications. Adsorption kinetics is well represented by the pseudo‐second‐order model, which indicating the adsorption processes are involved in chemisorption with ion exchange. The influences of co‐existing anions on fluoride removal followed the decreasing order of PO43‐>HCO3‐>SO42‐>Cl‐>NO3‐, which was related to the charge and radius of ions. The recycle performance of GO/Al2O3 is not so good owing to the poor strength of GO during the cycle process. Fluoride adsorption onto GO/Al2O3 could be attributed to electrostatic attraction, ligand exchange, ion exchange and hydrogen‐bond interaction between fluoride and OH groups.
Classical Motion of the Nuclei in a Molecule: A Concept Without Alternatives
Authors: Frank Irmgard 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIt is still true that chemical reactions can be explained by a quantum treatment of the electrons and a classical motion of the nuclei. The paper tries to make this finding more plausible by examining elementary ground and excited state reactions using Car‐Parrinello and Born‐Oppenheimer molecular dynamics. Several different reaction pathways leading to different products were observed for the chlor methane photoreaction, illustrating the classical chaos connected with molecular dynamics on‐the‐fly simulations. Kasha's rule saying that all photochemistry occurs in the first excited state is preserved one more time.
How Reliable Are Enantiomeric Excess Measurements Obtained By Chiral HPLC?
Authors: Payne Curtis , Kass Steven R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractUncertainties and errors in enantiomeric excess determinations obtained by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a chiral column are evaluated with different peak resolutions and elution orders using (R)‐ and (S)‐ibuprofen standards. Five injections of each sample were made to reduce the variability in the data and each chromatogram was monitored at multiple wavelengths to facilitate the detection of chemical impurities. Using appropriate sample concentrations, the most favorable detection wavelengths, and default instrument parameters led to large errors (>10 %) whereas properly set integration values gave impressive reproducibilities (±0.5 % or better) and accuracies (<1 %) in the most favorable situations. Uncertainties and errors of up to±2.0 % and 5.2 % ee, respectively were also observed under separation conditions routinely reported in chemistry journals. This study aims to provide a practical guide to the accuracy and precision that can be achieved with HPLC, and suggestions for obtaining reliable results.
BackStreamDB: A stream processing engine for backbone traffic monitoring with anomaly detection
Authors: Duarte Elias P. , Hara Carmem , Torres Pedro , Gomes Christian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackStreamDB is distributed traffic monitoring system based on a stream processing engine (SPE) designed to monitor the traffic of wide area backbones. BackStreamDB provides arbitrary metrics about the traffic in real time, taking into account the backbone as a whole. The system was developed for and successfully deployed on the Brazilian National Academic Network (RNP). In this work, we describe the functionality for the detection of traffic anomalies. A large number of Internet attacks are continuously reported, and several types of attacks result in anomalous traffic. In the proposed strategy for anomaly detection, the traffic is sampled by monitors that are distributed across the backbone, which are accessed and processed by the SPE. BackStreamDB was extended with stream processing modules for computing traffic entropy and principal component analysis, which are the employed to detect traffic anomalies. Experimental results are reported which were obtained to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy for different types of attacks.
Probabilistic model for time to cover cracking due to corrosion
Authors: Baji Hassan , Yang Wei , Li Chun‐Qing , Shi Wenhai 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe time to cover cracking is widely used as a service life indicator in the assessment of deterioration of corrosion‐affected reinforced concrete structures. This paper presents a general probabilistic procedure for prediction of time to cover cracking. Within this procedure, the response surface method (RSM) is employed to calibrate a new model for calculating of radial displacement required for cover cracking based on the results obtained from the finite element (FE) analysis. By taking advantage of the central limit theorem (CLT), simple but accurate probabilistic models for prediction of time to cover cracking that only rely on the knowledge of first and second moments of basic random variables are derived. Rigorous simulation analysis has proved the accuracy of these models. It is shown in the paper that using this probabilistic procedure, factors affecting randomness of time to cover cracking can be easily identified. It is also shown that the time to cover cracking is highly variable with the concrete cover, tensile strength of concrete, corrosion current density, and the model error as the most influential factors on its randomness.
Optimizing mix proportion of recycled aggregate concrete by readjusting the aggregate gradation
Authors: Duan Zhenhua , Li Biao , Xiao Jianzhuang , Guo Wei 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIt is necessary to ensure the properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) can meet the requirements of those for the corresponding natural aggregate concrete (NAC), since only in such cases recycled aggregates (RA) may be accepted for structural use. This study aims to propose a modified design method of RAC based on aggregate gradation readjustment (AGR). It tries to maintain the effective amounts of both the coarse and fine aggregates of RAC similar to that of the NAC after concrete mixing as it is well known that due to the weakness of the old attached mortar to RA, the gradation of the aggregates would be undesirably changed. Two series of concrete mixtures were conducted. One was to examine the variations of the compressive strength and porosity along with the aggregate adjustment ratio using a single RA source; while the other one was used to verify the effect of the proposed AGR method through the investigation of concrete properties made with RAs obtained from different sources. The results show that the proposed method was beneficial to improving all the properties of RAC investigated.
Fluorescent carbon dots as intracellular imaging probes
Authors: Ali Haydar , Ghosh Santu , Jana Nikhil R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFluorescent carbon dot has emerged as promising alternative of conventionally known quantum dot or molecular probe as potential intracellular imaging probe. In particular, <10 nm size, tunable and bright fluorescence of carbon dot deserve the application potential as intracellular imaging probe. However, synthesis of carbon dot with narrow particle size distribution, preparation of high‐quality red/near‐infrared emitting carbon dot and appropriate design of functional carbon dot for subcellular targeting are most critical issues. This advanced review focus on the application potential of fluorescent carbon dot as intracellular imaging probe. At first, we briefly discuss different types of fluorescent carbon dots and origin of their fluorescence. Next, we focus on surface chemistry and functionalization which are relevant to intracellular probe development. Finally we have summarized various types of intracellular nanoprobes that are developed from fluorescence carbon dot.This article is categorized under:Diagnostic Tools > in vitro Nanoparticle‐Based Sensing
Introduction
Authors: Christen Markus , Gordijn Bert , Loi Michele 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis introduction provides a short overview on the book “The Ethics of Cybersecurity”. The volume explains the foundations of cybersecurity, ethics and law, outlines various problems of the domain such as ethical hacking and cyberwar, and it lists recommendations and best practices for cybersecurity professionals working in various application areas. Furthermore, the introduction outlines the background of the European CANVAS project, from which this volume emerged.
Cybersecurity and the State
Authors: Schlehahn Eva 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis chapter provides an overview on state actor’s opinions and strategies relating to cybersecurity matters. These are addressed on the EU level as well as on the level of the individual European Member States while the focus is on legislation, policy and political approaches to cybersecurity. In this context, many different measures and approaches are taken both in the Union and nationally to streamline knowledge, resources, and measures to combat cybercrime. Furthermore, the role of the new European data protection framework is addressed, and it is explained why data protection has a close relationship to security matters. The main tensions and conflicts in relation to IT and cybersecurity are depicted, which evolve primarily around the frequently negative effect of IT and cybersecurity measures on the rights of data subjects. However, the issue of governmental surveillance is also addressed, with its implications for the fundamental rights of European citizens. Solution approaches to align the two domains of data protection and cybersecurity are explored, since cybersecurity incidents often involve the loss or compromise of an individual’s personal information. To this end, overlaps and synergies are examined that seem promising for a more holistic approach to cyber threats. For instance, this could be achieved by applying principles such as data protection by design and default in IT more thoroughly. In addition, methodologies of data protection impact assessments as well as a more broad deployment of technical and organisational measures while using well-known information security best practices and standards can help to enhance cybersecurity across the European Union.
Freedom of Political Communication, Propaganda and the Role of Epistemic Institutions in Cyberspace
Authors: Miller Seumas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article provides definitions of fake news, hate speech and propaganda, respectively. These phenomenon are corruptive of the epistemic norms, e.g. to tell the truth. It also elaborates on the right to freedom of communication and its relation both to censoring propaganda and to the role of epistemic institutions, such as a free and independent press and universities. Finally, it discusses the general problem of countering political propaganda in cyberspace and argues, firstly, that there is an important role for epistemic institutions in this regard and secondly, that social media platforms need to be redesigned since, as they stand and notwithstanding the benefits which they provide, they are a large part of the problem.