bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Mechanical Properties of Brick Containing Recycled Concrete Aggregate and Crumb Rubber as Sand Replacement
Authors: Khalid F S , Aminuddin M Y A , Shahidan S , Irwan J M , Wan Ibrahim M H 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) and crumb rubber are one of the recyclable building wastes. This would be the good candidate to replace the natural aggregate in concrete, since we know these material’s physical properties are strong and ductile. In concrete production, demand for sand has increased which has led to problems in the industry. As a result, the sand price rose, which in effect influenced the cement and sand brick prices. This research focuses on sand cement brick performance, containing recycled concrete aggregate and crumb rubber. This study aims to determine the mechanical properties of sand cement brick containing recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and crumb rubber (CR) wastes, such as compressive strength and water absorption. The brick specimens were prepared using 100 % natural sand, they were then replaced by RCA at 15%, 30%, 45% and 60% with proportions of CR consisting of 1.5%, 3.0%, 4.5% and 6.0% by weight of natural sand. Just RCA 60 percent with 6.0 percent CR achieves lower strength than normal bricks based on the compressive strength tests whereas others display a high strength. Nevertheless, as predicted, all design mix reaches strength greater than 7N/mm2. Besides that, 30 per cent of RCA with 3.0 per cent CR is the most desirable mix design that achieves high compressive power.
Full Factorial Design Exploration Approach for Multi-Objective Optimization on the (FDM) 3D Printed Part
Authors: Haidiezul A H M , Hazwan M H M , Soon Lee Woon , Gunalan  , Fatin Najihah Nur , Fadhli Izzul 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In the manufacturing industry, especially in automotive, quality, precision and productivity on the part that produces is crucial. 3D Printing technology offers a significant advantage to the manufacturer because its ability to produce complex geometry and low-cost investment risk compared with injection moulding. However, there are several issues of using this technology in mass scale and of the issue is dimensional accuracy. In this study, the application of optimisation approach which is Full Factorial Design (FFD) approach which has employed on 3D Printed bottom housing part made from Polylactic Acid (PLA) which were printed using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D printer in order to minimise shrinkage on 3D printed parts. Based on the optimisation work, the results showed the performance of FFD approach provides a good dimensional accuracy compared to the drawing specification for the printed part. Therefore, this research provides beneficial scientific knowledge and alternative solution for the additive manufacturing process in industries application to enhance the quality of the 3D printed parts produced using FDM 3D printer machine.
Surface treatment of recycled carbon fibre for interfacial enhancement in reinforced polypropylene product
Authors: Salleh A , Shuaib N A , Omar N W Y , Azmi A I 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Recycled carbon fibre (rCF) is used in various applications as measures to reduce the carbon fibre waste in landfill. This study focuses on using rCF in powder form in injection moulded polypropylene (PP) products. The rCF was treated with 0.5 mol/L and 1.0 mol/L nitric acid. The tensile and flexural properties were evaluated and morphological surface of the samples was characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As the result, higher concentration of nitric acid increased the tensile strength but leads to lower flexural strength. Apart from that, the environmental assessment using OpenLCA software shows that the addition of RCF filler loading leads to reduction of climate change and acidification potential.
Analysis of Effect of Wire Mesh Layer in Hot Asphalt Mixtures on the Rutting Value
Authors: Ismy Romaynoor , Husaini  , Saleh Sofyan M. , Isya M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Rutting is a permanent deformation that occurs in a hot asphalt mixture of flexible pavement caused by cyclic loading at extreme temperatures in heavy traffic conditions. This study aimed to analyse the value of rutting on hot asphalt mixtures using wire mesh layers. The research employed an experimental method to test the hot asphalt mixtures with four types of wire mesh layer placement modelling using a Wheel Tracking Machine (WTM). The findings from the study revealed that the best dynamic stability according to the specifications ≥ 2,500 passes/mm was obtained in the asphalt mixture, laying a 20 mm wire mesh layer from the surface of the test object at 3,145.45 passes/mm with a deformation speed of 0.013 mm/minute which was smaller, around 52.6% of the speed of deformation of the asphalt mixture without using a wire mesh layer of 0.028 mm/minute. The amount of dynamic stability for the other three modelling types was below the specifications. Therefore, it was concluded that the hot asphalt mixture by laying a 20 mm wire mesh layer from the surface of the test specimen could overcome the rutting problem in hot asphalt mixture.
IOT System: Water Level Monitoring for Flood Management
Authors: Hassan H , Mazlan M I Q , Ibrahim T N T , Kambas M F 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The present of natural disaster such as flood cause loss of life, property, devastation of livestock and agriculture. Flood is known as yearly disaster in Malaysia because of the monsoonal rainfall. Therefore, a system that provide an informative flood notification system that give early warning need to be develop to reduce the losses and early notification to the community in the affected area. The notification system will involve GSM network due to the coverage of GSM network is widespread and mostly available in any places in Malaysia. The notification messages will be sent to user in that area, such as head of village, police station and nearest safety agencies. System architecture designed using Arduino UNO acts as microcontroller of system that will perform various actions such as to observe height of water, temperature and humidity and send SMS through GSM shield. In order to validate the accuracy of proposed system, experiment was conducted using small scale prototype to simulate the real flood conditions. The system will provide real time and reliable measurement of water height and send SMS notification.
Analysis on the effect of socio-economic and travel attributes to perceptions of the Trans Koetaradja quality of services
Authors: Safitri E , Sugiarto S , Anggraini R , Achmad A , Fahlevi H 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The urban bus reform namely Trans Koetardja (TK) has been argued and implemented by the Government Aceh as measure to mitigate autos dependency in this region. One basic element of the bus system is that how to attract private vehicle users to switch to TK by providing good bus quality of services. Thus, understanding what factors may contribute to the perceived quality of services is a crucial and need to investigate thoroughly especially in developing cities. Therefore, this paper aims to explore and clarify the relationships among socio-economic attributes and travel behavioural characteristics of the respondents to bus reform quality of services by contemplating latent constructs from bus system operation side. Revealed preference survey was conducted in the mid of 2019. On board survey with a total of 450 samples were distributed and valid used in this study. The multivariate analysis of structural equation modelling so-called exploratory factor analysis (EFA) approach employed to reveal contributing effect of causal loading among socio-economic attributes and travel behavioural characteristics of the respondents to bus reform quality of services. The path coefficient is used to examine causal relationships among latent variables and its contributing factors. The results of the analysis explore that the significant correlation between the observed variables of bus system and the latent variables happened to the variables of time of arrival and bus to the comfort of the bus stop and bus.
The Analysis of EEG Distribution for Human Brainwave due to Mobile Phone Usage
Authors: Fuad N. , Rahim A.A. , Marwan M.E. , Helmy Abd Wahab Mohd , Zulkarnain Syed Idrus Syed 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Brain is the most amazing thing that god create, without brain humans are just like living zombies. Brain generate electrical impulse that create brainwave. Therefore, from the brainwave there are four type of spectrum which are Delta, Theta, Alpha and Beta. Each spectrum has their own special meaning. For instance, there will be slight change in the brainwave pattern if that person answers a phone call. With the references of previous research, there is radiation in mobile phone that can cause headache. This headache can occur during the phone call. Thus, an experiment based on the different type of phone is conducted. In this research project, the different pattern of brainwave between answering phone call through GSM phone and smartphone are needed. This is to find out which phone give more radiation to the user. This experiment will take placed at one of the laboratories in the Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering. Other than that, 20 subjects are needed for this experiment. The first step of this experiment is to collect data using EMOTIV Insight equipment. Next, the data is process in the SPSS and then, it will transfer to Microsoft Excel for better understanding of the result. In addition, the result obtain from this research project is that GSM phone cause more effect to the subject rather than smartphone. This is why nowadays, most of the people use smartphone compared to GSM phone. This because smartphone is user friendly and have less radiation.
Smart Accident Notification and Tracker (SANAT)
Authors: Mohd Saufi Norsuriati , Ahmad Nabihah , Mohd Sobri Norehan , Nabilla Risal Noreen , Helmy Abd Wahab Mohd , Zulkarnain Syed Idrus Syed 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Road accident is a major concern in automobile powered world and road safety. Most of the accidents are not attended or treated quickly due to the lack of best emergency facilities and late information of the accident to rescue team especially in rural area. This paper aims to design Smart Accident Notification and Tracker (SANAT) by using Arduino Uno as a microcontroller with Global Positioning System (GPS) via Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) technology. This system detects an accident immediately after an impact sense by shock sensor and notified the emergency contact list as well as the rescue team with the precise location of the accident covering geographical coordinates in which a vehicle accident had occurred obtain from the GPS module after the shock sensor receive an impact from the accident. Signal from the sensor would be send to microcontroller and compares with the threshold set value and immediately sends an alert message using GSM modem to the first aid centre as a receiver. The receiver would receive the location in a link that could directly view the location and start navigate through Google Maps. This system would provide an optimum alert that could help reducing the loss of life due to vehicle accident.
Development and Analysis the Performance of E-Wakaf Solar System FKEE Monitoring using IoT Approach
Authors: Hafiz Rahim Mohd , Amely Jumaat Siti , Ismail M N , Md Som Mohamad , Helmy Abd Wahab Mohd , Zulkarnain Syed Idrus Syed 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Today, renewable energy systems are becoming the best way to generate electricity. Solar energy is one of the most attractive sources of renewable energy used for electrification. Harnessing solar energy needs a photovoltaic (PV) system that converts light energy from sunlight to direct electricity. Therefore, to evaluate its performance, real-time monitoring system is needed. This study briefs about using the Internet of Things (IoT) to performance monitoring and manage PV systems in real time. Thus, the project discusses the development of E-Wakaf Solar System Monitoring Using IoT developers using Arduino Uno as main controller of the system. For develop of project, voltage sensor, current sensor and waterproof temperature sensor to monitor the performance of Solar panel system. Next, a NodeMCU ESP8266 device is used as an intermediary between device and ThingSpeak platform. The ThingSpeak platform is a website that functions to store data and this system is called as the Internet of the (IOT). The functionality of this system has been tested and compared with reading data manually and through ThingSpeak platform. Therefore, the data more accurate is reading through ThingSpeak platform in which the probability of human error when reading data manually is higher. Using IoT increases knowledge of the operating parameters in real time. This allows to gain control over PV systems installed in remote areas, easily and rapidly to analyze fault diagnosis, maintenance, generation recording and quality data.
Optimal method of optimizing risk of portfolio
Authors: Jayeola Dare , Sufahani Suliadi , Akinmoji Opeyemi , Helmy Abd Wahab Mohd , Zulkarnain Syed Idrus Syed , Mamat Mustafa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Diversification is a strategic method that investors use to optimize risk of portfolio. It is an opportunity by which investors move from micro-firm into macro-firm. The investors’ aim is to make an optimal choice that leads to minimization of risk and maximization of return, but the methods that lead to these objectives are not easily achieved. The purpose of this paper is to propose a method to minimize risk of portfolio. Firstly, this paper investigates the risk reduction strength of each asset and secondly, it explores the impact of each asset in minimizing risk of portfolio. The assets allocations divulge by Black Litterman model are used to estimate risk of both portfolios and assets. We explore DataStream (Yahoo finance) of Gold, Oil and Natural gas which spans from January, 2010 to September, 2016. It is observed that investing on Gold minimizes higher risk and achieve more benefits than other assets in the portfolio. In view of these facts, it means diversifying in gold acts as hedge/safe haven for investors during economic crisis.
FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES OF STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERTONI ON BREAST CANCER CELL COMBINED WITH LOW VOLTAGE PULSED ELECTRIC FIELD
Authors: Adilah Abd Rahman Nur , Mahadi Abdul Jamil Muhammad , Nazib Adon Mohamad , Alabqari Ma’ radzi Ahmad , Tufail Ahmad Fauziah 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Plant extract has found to be an effective and useful chemo preventive agents in various type of cancer. Plants extracts part, that most includes fruits, vegetable and spies. This extract can be used to prevent inflammation, wounds and infection. And recently, bioactive regent has shown to display anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. For this study, the chosen plant extract was Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. It has known to be an effective treatment for allergies, treating cancer and cholesterol. While pulsed electric field has known to be an effective way to influence an opening pore on the cell membrane. It also had been used as one of the cancer treatment method in clinical practice nowadays. But, if these two methods combined, it might enhance more reduction in time taken for the cancer treatment process and less harmful/after side effect to the cancer patients. The most used range of pulse electric field are 1 – 1000 V/cm. the concentration will be known by finding the IC50 of stevia on breast cancer cell. The effectiveness of these method will be known by monitoring the cell proliferation, viability and antiproliferation of cancer cell. These methods might be an effective way to treat cancer without harming or left any after side effect to the cancer patients.
Breakdown Analysis of Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Robust Correlation Methods
Authors: Zinzendoff Okwonu Friday , Laro Asaju Bolaji , Irimisose Arunaye Festus 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper discussed plug in robust procedure to robustify the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (PPMCC). The mean of PPMCC is highly susceptible to influential observations hence the PPMCC is not robust against data set that contains substantial amount of influential observations. This study focused on robust plug in techniques with high breakdown points. The performance of these techniques are compared using real and simulated data set. The comparative analysis indicates different degrees of robustness and breakdown based on the percentage of contamination and data modification.
Simulated Triple Circular Split-Ring Resonator Metamaterial Unit Cell for THz application
Authors: Marzuki M K , Aminudin Jamlos Mohd , Azani Mustafa Wan , Zulkarnain Syed Idrus Syed 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Metamaterial used widely nowadays to overcome the limitation of the natural material in manipulating the electromagnetic wave and radiation. Split-Ring Resonator (SRR) have been used widely as a design to manipulate the electromagnetic waves but none of them used for higher frequency such as light frequency. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to design SRR unit cell that is capable to bend the light wave. The negative value of material properties obtained from the simulation of the metamaterial at three different part which are at phase=0, real value and imaginary value. CST Microwave Studio 2018 used as a simulation software. The results show all the negative value of material properties obtained at different frequency range. However, the negative value of material properties at phase=0 and imaginary part is obtained at same frequency range. While for real part, the negative value for all material properties occurred at different frequency range. This SRR design is suitable to manipulate the lights radiation waves.
Improving the Gain Performance of 2 × 2 U-Slot Air Substrate Patch Antenna Array Operated at 28 GHz Wideband Resonance for 5G Application
Authors: Mohammed A SB , Kamal S. , Bin Ain M F , Ahmad Z A , Zahar Z. , Hussin R. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a 28-GHz dual 2 × 2 U-slot air substrate patch antenna array for 5G application is proposed. The idea of the U-slot antenna was applied in the patch antenna design which intended to decrease the antenna size. The structure of the U-slot patch antenna comprises a patch, two slots of U-shape, a ground plane, and coaxial feed lines. The proposed configuration of 2 x 2 U-slot array shows a high gain. With an extra U-slot, the proposed antenna yielded a bandwidth of about 3.93 GHz, the maximum gain of 14.5 dBi in the yz-plane, and performance efficiency of 85.82 %
Optimal DC machines performance based on intelligent controller
Authors: Al-Mashhadany Yousif I , Abdulhafedh Ahmed Yasir 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The disorganized neural controller links the calculation of the delicate rationale to the architecture of a five-layer pseudo-nervous system. The classical PID controller was replaced by an Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference system (ANFIS), that will be adjusts the thin induction framework with the calculation of learning in half and a half; this makes the thin framework for learning. A fuzzy nervous-based vector display controls a frame under control. This paper displays an optimal performance with speed controller based on the drive of a power system. The proposed Neural Fuzzy Control Unit combines of a thin Boolean arithmetic calculation and five layers mock neural network system (ANN) structure, which fine-tunes the delicate deduction framework with a half and a half learning arithmetic. This makes a thin framework for learning. The proposed drive recruiting engine exhibition controlled by neurotransmitters is examined in different working conditions. The consequences of the proposed console contrast with those obtained by a regular PI controller and Fuzzy Logic controller. The study of reproduction shows the drive’s strength and reliability for superior driving applications. Structural reconstruction is accomplished through applying of Matlab Verson 2019b. DC machine is a contextual search. Palatable results were obtained; this demonstrates the capability of the ANFIS console in control using a high non-linear dynamic frame and great results can be obtain by tuning the intelligent controller.
Ankle joint rotator prototype designed for creating different angles of rotation at the ankle joint in performing various daily activities
Authors: Li T P , Bhuiyan M S H 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The prosthetic ankle joint in lower limb prosthesis replaces the missing ankle of the amputee. The prosthesis users want the prosthesis to enable them creating the desired angle of rotation at the ankle joint like that of a healthy biological ankle. The ankle joint prostheses currently available in the market are unable to produce sagittal plane rotations for squatting and kneeling postures. Absence of a proper ankle joint rotator and lack of their universal adaptability have limited the utility and the performance of the prosthetic ankle joint. An ankle joint rotator capable of enabling its users to squat and kneel with ease has been designed. A model of the knee joint rotator has been developed, and simulation has been carried to out to verify the functionality of the design before fabrication. The new ankle joint rotator was found capable of withstanding an external force of 3000N with a minimum safety factor of 5.18. The newly developed ankle joint rotator is able to facilitate the squatting and kneeling postures safely by enabling the prosthetic ankle joint to rotate in different angles.
Characterization of Environmental Noise Pollution Based on Noise Measurement and Mapping at USM Engineering Campus
Authors: Khasawneh O F S , Halim H , Abdullah S N , Razali S A , Algburi H R F , Salleh A H 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper describes an analysis of visualizing noise impact on the environment by producing the noise mapping, determining the noise sources and characterization of sound levels measurements at USM Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal, Penang. Measurements were taken at a total of 30 points with the duration of 3 minutes during working hours using the sound level meter. The ArcMap 10.3.1 software and Google Maps were used to create the noise mapping based on the coordinates and each sampling point. The results revealed that 23 points exceeded the maximum permissible limit, 55 dB(A). The maximum measured sound level was obtained at point 4 (68.3 dB(A)), while the lowest sound level was 43.8 dB(A) at point 26. Characterization of sound levels by measuring the noise levels and performing noise mapping is substantial to analyse and determine the level of noise pollution in institutional and educational areas. In addition, such practices would help in understanding the activities that contribute to the increase in sound level.