bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of clay nanoparticles on the mechanical and vibration characteristics of intraply aramid/carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite
Authors: Alsaadi Mohamad , Erkliğ Ahmet , Abbas Majeed 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the present contribution, the tensile, flexural, vibration and damping properties of intraply aramid/carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite with the effect of clay nanoparticles inclusion have been investigated. Seven clay nanoparticles contents of 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 wt% were used to produce the composite laminates. The samples were produced and experimented in accordance with ASTM standards. The standards ASTM D 638, ASTM D 790, and ASTM E756 were used for tensile, flexural, and vibration tests, respectively. Vibration characteristics were calculated using experimental modal analysis. Half power band‐width method was applied to evaluate damping responses of first natural frequency modes of the composite samples. The results indicated that the high improvement of tensile and flexural strength was obtained at clay nanoparticle contents of 1 and 2 wt% with increment of 13.1% and 28.2%, respectively. The highest values of natural frequency, storage modulus, lost modulus were obtained at clay nanoparticle contents of 10, 1, and 2 wt% with increments of 23.4%, 20.7%, and 11.6%, respectively.
Fabrication of poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC)/ethylene‐α‐octene block copolymer (OBC) triple shape memory blends with cycling performance by constructing a co‐continuous phase morphology
Authors: Yang Zi‐xuan , Chen Yi , Liu Xu , Yin Bo , Yang Ming‐bo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a triple shape memory material was prepared by ultra‐simple melt blending from poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL), poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) and ethylene‐α‐octene block copolymer (OBC). The obtained material possessed a co‐continuous phase morphology and presented an excellent triple shape memory effect (triple‐SME). Theoretical prediction demonstrated that a special continuous phase morphology could be constructed by adjusting the proportions of the blend. Moreover, the results indicated that a close relationship existed between the phase morphology and the triple‐SME of PCL/PPC/OBC. The sample with 35 vol% PPC content contributed to the formation of a continuous phase morphology and exhibited the optimal triple‐SME. Additionally, the sample PCL/PPC/OBC (32.5/35/32.5) showed outstanding structure and performance stability during cycle loading–unloading tests, which evidenced the prominent cycling shape memory property (nearly 100% shape fixing and recovery of temporary shape). Overall, this work could provide an efficient, convenient and recyclable method to obtain high‐performance shape memory materials. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Degradation in photovoltaic encapsulation strength of attachment: Results of the first PVQAT TG5 artificial weathering study
Authors: Miller David C. , Alharbi Fahad , Andreas Afshin , Bokria Jayesh G. , Burns David M. , Bushong Jaynae , Chen Xinxin , Dietz Dennis , Fowler Sean , Gu Xiaohong , Habte Aron , Honeker Christian C. , Kempe Michael D. , Khonkar Hussam , Köhl Michael , Phillips Nancy H. , Rivera Jorge , Scott Kurt P. , Singh Ashish , Zielnik Allen F. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDelamination of the encapsulant in photovoltaic (PV) module technology results in immediate optical loss and may enable subsequent corrosion or mechanical damage. The effects of artificial weathering were not previously known; therefore, an empirical study was performed to survey the factors most affecting adhesion, including the ultraviolet (UV) source (ie, Xe or fluorescent lamp[s]), the optical filters for the lamp, the chamber temperature, and the relative humidity. Natural weathering was also performed at locations, including the following: Golden, Colorado; Miami, Florida; Phoenix, Arizona; QiongHai, China; Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; and Turpan, China. Specimens were constructed using a laminated glass/poly (ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate)/glass geometry. The compressive shear test (CST) was used to quantify the mechanical strength of attachment, taken as a proxy for adhesion. The fractography of select specimens (including cross‐sectional optical microscopy) was used to verify the failure mode (delamination or decohesion). Additional analysis of the local solar spectrum as well as the specimen temperature was performed to interpret the results of natural weathering. The goals of this study include to identify the most significant stressors, clarify where strong coupling may occur between stressors, and validate accelerated test results relative to natural weathering. The importance of specimen conditioning (for moisture) and hygrometric degradation as well as the effects of UV degradation are identified in this study.
Tunable biohybrid hydrogels from coacervation of hyaluronic acid and PEO‐based block copolymers
Authors: Mabesoone Mathijs F. J. , Gopez Jeffrey D. , Paulus Ilka E. , Klinger Daniel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAccurately tuning the macroscopic properties of biopolymer‐based hydrogels remains challenging due to the ill‐defined molecular architecture of the natural building blocks. Here, we report a biohybrid coacervate hydrogel, combining the biocompatibility and biodegradability of naturally occurring hyaluronic acid (HA) with the tunability of a synthetic polyethylene oxide (PEO) ‐based ABA‐triblock copolymer. Coacervation of the cationic ammonium or guanidinium‐functionalized copolymer A‐blocks with the anionic HA leads to hydrogel formation. Both mechanical properties and water content of the self‐healing hydrogels can be controlled independently by altering the copolymer structure. By controlling the strength of the interaction between the polymer network and small‐molecule cargo, both release rate and maximum release are controlled. Finally, we show that coacervation of HA and the triblock copolymer leads to increased biostability upon exposure to hyaluronidase. We envision that noncovalent crosslinking of HA hydrogels through coacervation is an attractive strategy for the facile synthesis of tunable hydrogels for biomedical applications.
Periglacial water paths within a rock glacier‐dominated catchment in the Stepanek area, Central Andes, Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Liaudat Dario Trombotto , Sileo Noelia , Dapeña Cristina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the region of the Stepanek rock glacier (69°19′/69°26′W, 32°55′/32°59′S), in the Province of Mendoza, Argentina, seasonal hydrochemical monitoring was carried out between 2013 and 2017. This paper describes underground and surface water flow, and their hydrochemistry, and provides an overview of how groundwater interacts with the rock glacier. The cryogenic basin of the study area where the hydrological flows originate has a surface area of 11.5 km2. The Stepanek rock glacier fills the valley and its permafrost influences water flow. Isotopic analyses of surface ephemeral streams and groundwater were made. Characteristic, naturally occurring δ2H and δ18O signatures of these samples indicate strongly that they are fed from within permafrost from the rock glacier, in response to the degradation of permafrost and melting of ground ice. Elevated values of Ni2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+ were detected in the meltwater runoff. Due to lithological factors, the Andean periglacial environment may indicate altitudinal differences in the hydrogeochemical results. Our hydrogeochemical research allows the interpretation of different water flows, directly observed or indirectly deduced, which cross the rock glacier. The new information allows for the development of a new conceptual rock glacier model that includes different flow paths. It is expected that this will become more important due to ongoing climate change.
Thoracoabdominal motion in newborns: Reliability between two interactive computing environments
Authors: Gomes Danielle C. , Azevedo Ingrid G. , de Figueiredo Araújo Ana G. , da Costa Lopes Lenice D. , Nagem Danilo A. P. , Magalhães Fabrício A. , Pereira Silvana A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundQuantifying the chest wall is useful in documenting thoracoabdominal synchrony during the neonatal period. Subjective measures are often used rather than gold‐standard methods due to their practicality in clinical practice. The aim of the present study is to compare the reliability between a newly proposed method (video analysis in MATLAB) and image analysis using AutoCad tools, both applied to assess thoracoabdominal motion in newborns (NBs).Materials and MethodsThis is an observational cross‐sectional study of full‐term NBs. A digital camera was used to film thoracoabdominal motion for 2 minutes in the supine position, with movements measured by the two aforementioned methodologies.ResultsA total of 139 images were used, showing agreement between AutoCAD and MATLAB (BIAS = −1.68; CI = −6.59:3.22, Bland‐Altman plot).ConclusionThe programs were interchangeable and the routine developed in MATLAB was simpler and faster, allowing dynamic analysis and suggesting its clinical utility in quantifying respiratory motion in NBs.
Semi‐synthesis and characterization of some new matrine derivatives as insecticidal agents
Authors: Cheng Xingan , He Huiqing , Wang Wen‐Xiong , Dong Fangyun , Zhang Hanhui , Ye Jingmin , Tan Chuncan , Wu Yuehua , Lv Xiaojing , Jiang Xuhong , Qin Xiangjing 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDMatrine is an important traditional plant‐derived insecticide with broad‐spectrum activity. However, due to its moderate activity, matrine is mainly applied in combination with other pesticides. In order to discover new potential natural‐product‐based crop protection agents, a series of matrine derivatives characterized by cyclohexylamine group were synthesized to screen their insecticidal activity against seven typically agricultural pests.RESULTSThe structural configurations of compounds were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS and XRD, with the pure yields of 42%, 65% and 71%, respectively. Although all compounds showed poor insecticidal activity against five lepidoptera pests, the compounds 2 and 4 displayed remarkable insecticidal activities against Lipaphis erysimi and Mulberry Root‐Knot Nematode with a concentration‐dependent manner within 0.5~1.5 mg/ mL. Compared with matrine (60%), compounds 2 and 4 exhibited potent insecticidal activities against L. erysimi, with a corrected mortality of 83.3% and 89.7%, respectively. They also showed excellent control effects on Mulberry Root‐Knot Nematode, with corrected mortality as high as 88% and 80%, respectively.CONCLUSIONAll four synthesized matrine derivatives showed poor insecticidal activity against five lepidoptera pests, but the compounds 2 and 4 exhibited much stronger insecticidal activities against L. erysimi and Mulberry Root‐Knot Nematode than matrine. Combined with the structural characteristics of compounds 1~4, we conclude that 4‐methylcyclohexylamine, not the carbon disulfide group or cyclohexylamine group alone, mainly contributed to the improvement of insecticidal activities of matrine derivatives against these two agricultural pests. This work provides a direction and foundation for structural optimization of the matrine pesticides in the future. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Network meta‐regression for ordinal outcomes: Applications in comparing Crohn's disease treatments
Authors: Gwon Yeongjin , Mo May , Chen Ming‐Hui , Chi Zhiyi , Li Juan , Xia Amy H. , Ibrahim Joseph G. 
Published: March 2020

Crohn's disease (CD) is a life‐long condition associated with recurrent relapses characterized by abdominal pain, weight loss, anemia, and persistent diarrhea. In the US, there are approximately 780 000 CD patients and 33 000 new cases added each year. In this article, we propose a new network meta‐regression approach for modeling ordinal outcomes in order to assess the efficacy of treatments for CD. Specifically, we develop regression models based on aggregate covariates for the underlying cut points of the ordinal outcomes as well as for the variances of the random effects to capture heterogeneity across trials. Our proposed models are particularly useful for indirect comparisons of multiple treatments that have not been compared head‐to‐head within the network meta‐analysis framework. Moreover, we introduce Pearson residuals and construct an invariant test statistic to evaluate goodness‐of‐fit in the setting of ordinal outcome data. A detailed case study demonstrating the usefulness of the proposed methodology is carried out using aggregate ordinal outcome data from 16 clinical trials for treating
CD.
2D and 3D electrospinning technologies for the fabrication of nanofibrous scaffolds for skin tissue engineering: A review
Authors: Keirouz Antonios , Chung Michael , Kwon Jaehoon , Fortunato Giuseppino , Radacsi Norbert 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis review provides insights into the current advancements in the field of electrospinning, focusing on its applications for skin tissue engineering. Furthermore, it reports the evolvement and present challenges of advanced skin substitute product development and explores the recent contributions in 2D and 3D scaffolding, focusing on natural, synthetic, and composite nanomaterials. In the past decades, nanotechnology has arisen as a fascinating discipline that has influenced every aspect of science, engineering, and medicine. Electrospinning is a versatile fabrication method that allows researchers to elicit and explore many of the current challenges faced by tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In skin tissue engineering, electrospun nanofibers are particularly attractive due to their refined morphology, processing flexibility—that allows for the formation of unique materials and structures, and its extracellular matrix‐like biomimetic architecture. These allow for electrospun nanofibers to promote improved re‐epithelization and neo‐tissue formation of wounds. Advancements in the use of portable electrospinning equipment and the employment of electrospinning for transdermal drug delivery and melanoma treatment are additionally explored. Present trends and issues are critically discussed based on recently published patents, clinical trials, and in vivo studies.This article is categorized under:Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and ReplacementTherapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging TechnologiesImplantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants
The gluon-fusion production of Higgs boson pair: N3LO QCD corrections and top-quark mass effects
Authors: Chen Long-Bin , Li Hai Tao , Shao Hua-Sheng , Wang Jian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The Higgs boson pair production via gluon fusion at high-energy hadron colliders, such as the LHC, is vital in deciphering the Higgs potential and in pinning down the electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism. We carry out the next-to-next-to-next-to- leading order (N3LO) QCD calculations in the infinite top-quark mass limit and present predictions for both the inclusive and differential cross sections, albeit the differential distributions other than the invariant mass distribution of the Higgs boson pair are approximated at N3LO. Such corrections are indispensable in stabilising the perturbative expansion of the cross section in the strong coupling αs. At the inclusive level, the scale uncertainties are reduced by a factor of four compared with the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) results. Given that the inclusion of the top-quark mass effects is essential for the phenomenological applications, we use several schemes to incorporate the N3LO results in the infinite top-quark mass limit and the next-to-leading order (NLO) results with full top-quark mass dependence, and present theoretical predictions for the (differential) cross sections in the proton-proton collisions at the centre-of-mass energies $$ \sqrt{s} $$

s

= 13, 14, 27 and 100 TeV. Our results provide one of the most precise theoretical inputs for the analyses of the Higgs boson pair events.
Pharmacotherapy for tics in adult patients with Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders
Authors: Badenoch James , Cavanna Andrea E. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background
Tourette syndrome (TS) and persistent motor/vocal tic disorders are neurodevelopmental conditions characterised by the chronic presence of motor and/or vocal tics. Patients with TS often present with co-morbid disorders, especially attention-deficit and hyperactivity disorder (which tends to improve after childhood), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (which can persist in adulthood). We set out to explore pharmacotherapy for tics in adult patients with TS and persistent motor/vocal tic disorders, as well as its relationship with the presence of co-morbid conditions.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical characteristics and pharmacotherapy of 192 adult patients with TS (n = 187), persistent motor tic disorder (n = 3) and persistent vocal tic disorder (n = 2) attending a specialist clinic in the UK.

Results
Anti-dopaminergic medications (n = 65) and alpha-2-agonists (n = 50) were the most commonly prescribed pharmacotherapy for tic management. A sub-group analysis revealed that co-morbid obsessive-compulsive disorder and sub-threshold obsessive-compulsive behaviours were significantly more common in patients treated with anti-dopaminergic medications than patients taking alpha-2-agonists (p = 0.013 and p = 0.047, respectively).

Conclusions
The use of pharmacotherapy options for tic management observed at a specialist clinic for adults with TS reflects guideline recommendations. We found that the presence of co-morbid obsessive-compulsive disorder/behaviours correlates with the choice of anti-dopaminergic medications over alpha-2-agonists, in line with available evidence on the efficacy of anti-dopaminergic medications for the treatment of specific tic–related behavioural symptoms.
The legacy of management approaches and abandonment on old-growth attributes in hardwood floodplain forests in the Pannonian Ecoregion
Authors: Demeter László , Bede-Fazekas Ákos , Molnár Zsolt , Csicsek Gábor , Ortmann-Ajkai Adrienne , Varga Anna , Molnár Ábel , Horváth Ferenc 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the absence of primeval floodplain forests, near-natural remnants are key references for close-to-nature forestry and nature conservation. Old-growth forest characteristics (OGCs) were quantified in 16 managed (rotation or selection) and abandoned semi-natural floodplain forests by taking snapshot inventories of structural features. Principal component analysis revealed a short gradient from closed-canopy managed stands dominated by large trees (mainly oaks) and hornbeams, with less deadwood, to abandoned older stands with more gaps, very large trees and different kinds of deadwood. All the studied forests are mainly in the early and late biostatic phases of forest development, with innovation and degradation phases almost completely absent. Results showed that selection forests had significantly more very large trees compared to rotation stands. The difference in structure between abandoned selection stands and abandoned rotation stands was more pronounced than in their counterparts that are still managed. Based on diameter distribution and the amount of very large trees and deadwood, abandoned selection stands were closest to the structure of natural forests. Selection forests may recover certain OGCs more rapidly than rotation forests. We concluded that after 100–150 years of homogenising rotation forestry, OGCs are slow to develop in just 25 years of non-intervention. Based on our results, we recommend: (i) an increase in the rotation cycle with selective logging in order to restore and maintain OGCs in managed rotation forests and (ii) total abandonment in certain well-preserved, near-natural forests with natural flooding regimes. However, the failure of oak to regenerate naturally remains a challenge.
Aktuelle FFH-Judikatur zu Abweichungsentscheidungen und Durchsetzung
Authors: Frenz Walter 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungKönnen Bedenken wegen erheblicher Beeinträchtigungen eines Habitatschutzgebiets nicht überwunden
werden, bleibt nur eine Abweichungsentscheidung. Der EuGH betonte deren Ausnahmecharakter. Inwieweit wirkt
sich dieser im Einzelnen aus? Wie verhält es sich im Streit mit der Durchsetzung des Habitatschutzes?
Emotion Processing in Children with Conduct Problems and Callous-Unemotional Traits: An Investigation of Speed, Accuracy, and Attention
Authors: Hartmann Daniela , Schwenck Christina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to assess whether callous-unemotional traits (CU) are associated with deficits in emotion recognition independent of externalizing behavior and whether such deficits can be explained by aberrant attention. As previous studies have produced inconsistent results, the current study included two different emotion recognition paradigms and assessed the potential influence of factors such as processing speed and attention. The study included N = 94 children (eight to 14 years) with an oversampling of children with conduct problems (CP) and varying levels of CU-traits. Independent of externalizing behavior, CU-traits were associated with slower recognition of angry, sad and fearful facial expressions but not with higher error rates. There was no evidence that the association between CU-traits and emotion processing could be explained by misguided attention. Our results implicate that in children with high levels of CU-traits emotion recognition deficits depend on deficits in processing speed.
Sensitivity Theorists Aren’t Unhinged
Authors: Collin James Henry , Bolos Anthony 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDespite its intrinsic plausibility, the sensitivity principle has remained deeply unpopular on the grounds that it violates an even more plausible closure principle. Here we show that sensitivity does not, in general, violate closure. Sensitivity only violates closure when combined with further auxiliary premises—regarding which of an agent’s commitments constitute that agent’s beliefs—which are optional for the sensitivity theorist.
Group Inquiry
Authors: Habgood-Coote Joshua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGroup agents can act, and they can have knowledge. How should we understand the species of collective action which aims at knowledge? In this paper, I present an account of group inquiry. This account faces two challenges: to make sense of how large-scale distributed activities might be a kind of group action, and to make sense of the kind of division of labour involved in collective inquiry. In the first part of the paper, I argue that existing accounts of group action face problems dealing with large-scale group actions, and propose a minimal alternative account. In the second part of the paper, I draw on an analogy between inquiry and conversation, arguing that work by Robert Stalnaker and Craige Roberts helps us to think about the division of labour. In the final part of the paper I put the accounts of group action and inquiry together, and consider how to think about group knowledge, deep ignorance, and the different kinds of division of labour.