bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enzyme assembly guided by SPFH‐induced functional inclusion bodies for enhanced cascade biocatalysis
Authors: Lv Xueqin , Jin Ke , Wu Yaokang , Zhang Cheng , Cui Shixiu , Zhu Xiaonan , Li Jianghua , Du Guocheng , Liu Long 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEnzyme clustering into compact agglomerates could accelerate the processing of intermediates to enhance metabolic pathway flux. However, enzyme clustering is still a challenging task due to the lack of universal assembly strategy applicable to all enzymes. Therefore, we proposed an alternative enzyme assembly strategy based on functional inclusion bodies. First, functional inclusion bodies in cells were formed by the fusion expression of stomatin/prohibitin/flotillin/HflK/C (SPFH) domain and enhanced green fluorescent protein, as observed visually and by transmission electron microscopy. The formation of SPFH‐induced functional inclusion bodies enhanced intermolecular polymerization as revealed by further analysis combined with Förster resonance energy transfer and bimolecular fluorescent complimentary. Finally, the functional inclusion bodies significantly improved the enzymatic catalysis in living cells, as proven by the examples with whole‐cell biocatalysis of phenyllactic acid by Escherichia coli, and the production of N‐acetylglucosamine by Bacillus subtilis. Our findings suggest that SPFH‐induced functional inclusion bodies can enhance the cascade reaction of enzymes, to serve as a potential universal strategy for the construction of efficient microbial cell factories.
Transcatheter creation of bidirectional cavopulmonary connections by needle punctures in two patients
Authors: Tanase Daniel , Georgiev Stanimir , Eicken Andreas , Ewert Peter 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe report on two patients who received a transcatheter cavopulmonary connection by a needle puncture under deep conscious sedation. In both patients, the vessel‐to‐vessel connection was achieved by a venous access into the superior caval vein and direct needle puncture of the pulmonary artery. The two cavopulmonary anastomoses were held open by a covered stent and a bare‐metal stent, respectively.
Portopulmonary hypertension caused by portal hypertension that is complicated by central diabetes insipidus
Authors: Zhao Tingting , Xing Qian , Yang Xiaojuan , Yao Xiaofeng , Ba Ying , Zhou Haicheng , Liu Dan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe discuss the pathophysiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and therapy of a case with central diabetes insipidus, idiopathic portal hypertension, and portopulmonary hypertension. This report reviews how vasopressin affects those diseases.
Cone‐beam computed tomography analysis of lingual mandibular bone depression in the premolar region: A case report
Authors: Asgary Saeed , Emadi Naghmeh 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAsymptomatic lingual depression in the mandible should be evaluated with advanced radiographic modalities such as cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) using the software features to achieve correct diagnosis and avoid unnecessary endodontic and/or surgical interventions.
Energy‐Efficient Process with a Decanter to Separate Toluene‐Methanol‐Water Ternary Azeotropic Mixtures
Authors: Ma Yixin , Gao Jun , Wang Yong , Zhu Zhaoyou , Wang Yinglong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn extractive distillation process with two columns and a decanter was proposed to separate ternary toluene‐methanol‐water azeotropic mixtures in a previous study. Based on this process, six processes were established to explore further energy‐efficient schemes to separate the ternary azeotropic system. The optimal parameters of the process were determined in terms of the minimum total annual cost (TAC). The processes with heat integration perform better than those with a side stream or thermal coupling in terms of energy savings and TAC reduction. A process in which both the feed stream of the extractive distillation column and the entrainer recovery column are preheated by the entrainer recycle stream can reduce energy consumption by up to 27.69 % and TAC by 21.36 %.
Dirhodium(II)‐Catalyzed C(sp2)−H Azidation of Benzaldehydes
Authors: Wang Yi , Fang Zaixiang , Chen Xiaochuan , Wang Yuanhua 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMultiple steps are needed to achieve the C−H functional of aromatic aldehyde, since the C−H functional reaction usually occurs preferentially at the aldehydic C−H bond over the aryl C−H bond. We report an efficient azidation method mediated by dirhodium(II) catalysts to achieve the direct aryl azidation of aromatic aldehydes avoiding the simultaneous use of protected aldehydes and prefunctionalized arenes. The regioselectivity of this method is similar to those of typical aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions. The resulting azidobenzaldehyde products are versatile building blocks or precursors for the synthesis of many biologically active compounds. The mechanism studies indicate that the one‐electron oxidative intermediate Rh2(II,III)N3 is responsible for the azide transfer.
Periodicity of Single‐Molecule Magnet Behaviour of Heterotetranuclear Lanthanide Complexes across the Lanthanide Series: A Compendium
Authors: Izuogu David Chukwuma , Yoshida Takefumi , Cosquer Goulven , Asegbeloyin Jonnie N. , Zhang Haitao , Thom Alex J. W. , Yamashita Masahiro 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAcetato‐bridged palladium–lanthanide tetranuclear heterometallic complexes of the form [Pd2Ln2(H2O)2(CH3COO)10]⋅2 CH3COOH [Ln2=Ce2 (1), Pr2 (2), Nd2 (3), Sm2 (4), Tb2 (5), Dy2 (6), Dy0.2Y1.8 (6′′), Ho2 (7), Er2 (8), Er0.24Y1.7 (8′′), Tm2 (9), Yb2 (10), Y2(11)] were synthesised and characterised by experimental and theoretical techniques. All complexes containing Kramers lanthanide ions [Ln3+=Ce (1), Nd (3), Sm (4), Dy (6), DyY (6′′), Er (8), ErY (8′′), Yb (10)] showed field‐induced slow magnetic relaxation, characteristic of single‐molecule magnetism and purely of molecular origin. In contrast, all non‐Kramers lanthanide ions [Ln3+=Pr (2), Tb (5), Ho (7), Tm (9), Y3+ (11) is diamagnetic and non‐lanthanide] did not show any slow magnetic relaxation. The variation in the electronic structure and accompanying consequences across the complexes representing all Kramers and non‐Kramers lanthanide ions were investigated. The origin of the magnetic properties and the extent to which the axial donor–acceptor interaction involving the lanthanide ions and an electron‐deficient
orbital of palladium affects the observed magnetic and electronic properties across the lanthanide series are presented. Unique consistent electronic and magnetic properties of isostructural complexes spanning the lanthanide series with properties dependent on whether the ions are Kramers or non‐Kramers are reported.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Reductive Coupling of Aldehydes with Alkynes Mediated by Alcohol†
Authors: Zheng Yan‐Long , Ye Mengchun 
Published: February 2020

Summary of main observation and conclusionA nickel‐catalyzed reductive coupling of aldehydes with alkynes using 1‐phenylethanol as reducing agent has been developed. The key achievement of this work is that we demonstrate environmentally benign 1‐phenylethanol can serve as a viable alternative reducing agent to Et3B, ZnEt2 and R3SiH for the nickel‐catalyzed reductive coupling reaction of aldehyde and alkynes.
Characterizing the architectures and brokering protocols for enabling clouds interconnection
Authors: Latif Sajid , Gilani S. Mushhad M. , Ali Liaqat , Iqbal Saleem , Liaqat Misbah 
Published: February 2020

SummaryInterconnecting the computing services of different tiers by multiple cloud providers is indispensable to overcome the exponentially increasing demands of enterprises. In view of highly dynamic and unpredictable environment, cloud providers have to face numerous challenges related to service provisioning of diversified applications while handling the critical management operations on resource layers. Proper configuration and uniform development of architectural components and protocols to setup interconnected clouds are inevitable, which play effective role in management. Various approaches have been proposed by research community to interconnect the geographically dispersed clouds to extend the capabilities of standalone provider. Fundamentally, this study encompasses the requirement factors and classification of interconnected cloud management from various aspects. Mainstream resource management elements, architectural components, and brokering protocols with respect to functional impact, which proposed in literature, have been discussed. These protocols and components play pivotal role for aggregating computing services from distinct providers and maintaining the quality of service parameters of service provisioning. Finally, the analysis of various projects is also presented to highlight the functionality of collaborated ecosystem with issues and further directions.
Near‐IR‐Absorbing BODIPY‐5,10‐Dihydrophenazine Compact Electron Donor/Acceptor Dyads and Triads: Spin‐Orbit Charge Transfer Intersystem Crossing and Charge‐Transfer State
Authors: Chen Kepeng , Taddei Maria , Bussotti Laura , Foggi Paolo , Zhao Jianzhang , Di Donato Mariangela 
Published: February 2020

Abstract5,10‐dihydro‐5,10‐dimethylphenazine (PZ) and boron dipyrromethene (Bodipy) were linked to prepare compact electron donor/acceptor dyads and triads. The effect of the molecular geometry on the UV‐Vis absorption, fluorescence and the spin‐orbit charge transfer intersystem crossing (SOCT‐ISC) efficiency were studied. Interestingly, a broad near‐IR charge transfer (CT) absorption band (centred at 670 nm) was observed for the dyad/triad showing more coplanar geometry. Triplet state formation was observed in low polar solvents for the triad with orthogonal geometry (triplet state quantum yield is 30 % and lifetime is τT=210 μs). Femtosecond transient absorption spectra indicated fast charge separation (CS, 2 ps) and slow charge recombination (CR, >1.5 ns). The low‐lying 3CT state of the dyads/triads in polar solvent (1.23 eV vs. the 1.65∼1.69 eV of the 3LE state) was confirmed by intermolecular triplet photosensitizing experiments and the spin density surface analysis. These results are useful for design of new broadband, near‐IR absorbing heavy atom‐free triplet photosensitizers.
Downregulation of key genes involved in carbon metabolism in Medicago truncatula results in increased lipid accumulation in vegetative tissue
Authors: Wijekoon Champa , Singer Stacy D. , Weselake Randall J. , Petrie James R. , Chen Guanqun , Singh Surinder , Eastmond Peter J. , Acharya Surya N. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is the most widely grown perennial forage crop and is a close relative of the model diploid legume Medicago truncatula Gaertn. However, use of alfalfa leads to substantial greenhouse gas emissions and economic losses related to inefficiencies in rumen fermentation. The provision of supplemental lipids has been used as a strategy to mitigate these issues, but it is a costly approach. The ability to enhance lipid content within the vegetative tissues of alfalfa would therefore be very advantageous. As such, our aim was to assess and select gene candidates to increase total shoot lipid content in M. truncatula using a virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) approach. We targeted gene homologs of the SUGAR‐DEPENDANT 1 (SDP1), ADP‐GLUCOSE‐PYROPHOSPHORYLASE SMALL SUBUNIT 1 (APS1), TRIGALACTOSYLDIACYLGLYCEROL 5 (TGD5), and PEROXISOMAL ABC TRANSPORTER 1 (PXA1) in M. truncatula for silencing. Reduced target transcript levels were confirmed and changes of shoot lipid content and fatty acid composition were measured. Silencing of SDP1, APS1, and PXA1 each resulted in significant increases in shoot total lipid content. Significantly increased proportions of α‐linolenic acid (18:3Δ9cis,12cis,15cis) were observed, and stearic acid (18:0) levels significantly decreased in the total acyl lipids extracted from vegetative tissues of each of the M. truncatula silenced plants. In contrast, palmitic acid (16:0) levels were significantly decreased in only SDP1‐ and PXA1‐silenced plants. Genes of PXA1 and SDP1 would be ideal targets for mutation as a means of improving the quality of alfalfa to increase feed efficiency and minimize greenhouse gas emissions from livestock production in the future.
Seed priming with cold plasma improved seedling performance, secondary metabolism, and expression of deacetylvindoline O‐acetyltransferase gene in Catharanthus roseus
Authors: Ghasempour Masoumeh , Iranbakhsh Alireza , Ebadi Mostafa , Oraghi Ardebili Zahra 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe plasma‐primed seeds of Catharanthus roseus were cultured in a hormone‐free culture medium under sterile conditions. Plasma of 30 or 60 s improved root length (mean = 41.4%) and biomass (mean = 47%), whereas plasma of 90 s delayed plant growth. The plasma treatments enhanced concentrations of photosynthetic pigments and soluble phenols. Plasma of 90 s increased the proline level. With a similar trend, plasma priming induced activities of phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase, catalase (about twofold) and peroxidase (31%) enzymes. Plasma also upregulated the expressions of deacetylvindoline O‐acetyltransferase gene by an average of 7.8 times. Similarly, the plasma‐treated seedlings contained higher concentrations of alkaloids (mean = 72%). Here, molecular evidence is provided on the plasma‐associated modifications in secondary metabolism.
Estimation of 14 MeV neutron rate from triton burn‐up in future W7‐X deuterium plasma campaigns
Authors: Koschinsky J.P. , Äkäslompolo S. , Biedermann C. , Bozhenkov S.A. , Isobe M. , Kontula J. , Ogawa K. , Schneider W. , Warmer F. , Wurden G.A. , Wolf R.C. ,   the W7‐X Team
Published: February 2020

AbstractFast ion confinement is of major importance for the ignition of a burning fusion plasma. In future deuterium plasma campaigns of the Wendelstein 7‐X stellarator, W7‐X, the amount of triton burn‐up is one possible measure for fast ion confinement. A well‐established technique to observe triton burn‐up is the 14 MeV neutron rate. In this paper, it is estimated whether an existing scintillating fibre neutron detector is also suited to measure triton burn‐up in W7‐X with sufficient accuracy. An estimation is presented, which can be applied to any tokamak or stellarator design and is one‐dimensional in the minor radius. The inputs are profiles of density, temperature, and differential volume element as well as the triton slowing‐down time. The estimation calculates the thermal deuteron fusion rate and the associated deuteron‐triton fusion rate; thus, the triton burn‐up generated 14 MeV neutron rate. It neither takes triton diffusion nor explicit losses into account. This thermally generated fusion rate is compared to the neutral beam injection heating induced beam‐plasma fusion rate.
Abnormal gait recognition using exemplar based algorithm in healthcare applications
Authors: M Sivarathinabala , S Abirami , R Baskaran 
Published: February 2020

SummaryIn healthcare applications, gait plays a major role in identification of the normal or abnormal person in different situations. Human gait refers to the walking style of the person, and it may also refer as locomotion using human limbs. The abnormal gait has irregular patterns of stance and swing phases. Without any clinical impairment, this paper proposes a novel approach to classify the person as normal or the person as suffering from neurological disorders from the videos using their gait videos. In addition, neurological gait disorders such as Parkinson gait, hemiplegic gait, and neuropathic gait has been identified using the gait features. Many systems are designed to detect and identify gait disorders using head, hip, heel, and toe behavior analysis from the bidirectional gait videos. As motivated by previous mechanisms, this paper proposes a novel vision based algorithm to recognize the gait abnormalities using model free approaches and significant feature vector generation from complete silhouette images of one gait cycle of a person. Here, a lean angle and ramp angle are considered as distinguishing and prominent features, and the results of these features are properly classified into normal or abnormal gait through the design of an unsupervised classifier.
Nonlinear performance evaluation model for throughput of AQM scheme using full factorial design approach
Authors: Patel Sanjeev 
Published: February 2020

SummaryThe performance of active queue management (AQM) is measured in terms of throughput, delay, queue size, and loss rate. We have carried out the optimized performance measure of throughput for AQM scheme random early detection (RED) using
full factorial design (FDD) technique that is a new approach of performance analysis particularly for congestion control algorithms. We have considered the input factors, viz, buffer size, maximum threshold, and the number of file transfer protocol (FTP) sources for the evaluation of RED that can be used for other AQM schemes, viz, adaptive RED, three‐section RED (TRED), and adaptive queue management with random dropping (AQMRD). The effect of each input factor as well as their interactions are evaluated using
factorial design technique that results to obtain the nonlinear equation for performance measure in terms of input factors buffer size, maximum threshold, and the number of FTP sources. Finally, we show the contour plots for variation of performance measure throughput (steady state) from minimum to maximum values with respect to the different setting of input parameters.
QSAR studies on benzothiophene derivatives as Plasmodium falciparum N‐myristoyltransferase inhibitors: Molecular insights into affinity and selectivity
Authors: Garcia Mariana L. , de Oliveira Andrew A. , Bueno Renata V. , Nogueira Victor H. R. , de Souza Guilherme E. , Guido Rafael V. C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMalaria is an infectious disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium and transmitted by Anopheles spp. mosquitos. Due to the emerging resistance to currently available drugs, great efforts must be invested in discovering new molecular targets and drugs. N‐myristoyltransferase (NMT) is an essential enzyme to parasites and has been validated as a chemically tractable target for the discovery of new drug candidates against malaria. In this work, 2D and 3D quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) studies were conducted on a series of benzothiophene derivatives as P. falciparum NMT (PfNMT) and human NMT (HsNMT) inhibitors to shed light on the molecular requirements for inhibitor affinity and selectivity. A combination of Quantitative Structure–activity Relationship (QSAR) methods, including the hologram quantitative structure–activity relationship (HQSAR), comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), and comparative molecular similarity index analysis (CoMSIA) models, were used, and the impacts of the molecular alignment strategies (maximum common substructure and flexible ligand alignment) and atomic partial charge methods (Gasteiger‐Hückel, MMFF94, AM1‐BCC, CHELPG, and Mulliken) on the quality and reliability of the models were assessed. The best models exhibited internal consistency and could reasonably predict the inhibitory activity against both PfNMT (HQSAR: q2/r2/r2pred = 0.83/0.98/0.81; CoMFA: q2/r2/r2pred = 0.78/0.97/0.86; CoMSIA: q2/r2/r2pred = 0.74/0.95/0.82) and HsNMT (HQSAR: q2/r2/r2pred = 0.79/0.93/0.74; CoMFA: q2/r2/r2pred = 0.82/0.98/0.60; CoMSIA: q2/r2/r2pred = 0.62/0.95/0.56). The results enabled the identification of the polar interactions (electrostatic and hydrogen‐bonding properties) as the major molecular features that affected the inhibitory activity and selectivity. These findings should be useful for the design of PfNMT inhibitors with high affinities and selectivities as antimalarial lead candidates.
Adding vitamin D3 to the dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor saxagliptin has the potential to protect β‐cell function in LADA patients: A 1‐year pilot study
Authors: Zhang Ziwei , Yan Xiang , Wu Chao , Pei Xieyi , Li Xia , Wang Xiangbing , Niu Xiaohong , Jiang Hongwei , Zeng Xiaomin , Zhou Zhiguang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsThis trial was conducted to explore the protective effect on β‐cell function of adding vitamin D3 to DPP‐4 inhibitors to treat patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA).Methods60 LADA patients were randomized to group A (n = 21) ‐ conventional therapy with metformin (1‐1.7 g/day) and/or insulin treatment; group B (n = 20) ‐ saxagliptin (5 mg/day) plus conventional therapy; and group C (n = 19) ‐ vitamin D3 (2000 IU/day) plus saxagliptin and conventional therapy for 12 months. Fasting and 2‐hour postprandial blood samples were collected to measure blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and C‐peptide levels at baseline and after 3, 6 and 12 months of treatment.ResultsDuring the 12 months of follow‐up, the levels of fasting C‐peptide (FCP), 2‐hour postprandial C‐peptide (PCP) and the C‐peptide index (CPI, serum C‐peptide‐to‐plasma glucose level ratio) were maintained in group C. In contrast to those in group A and group B, FCP levels decreased significantly in group B, and CPI levels declined significantly in group A during the 1‐year treatment (P < .05). Additionally, the levels of GADA titers in group C significantly decreased compared with those at baseline (P < .05), but no significant differences in GADA titers levels were detected in group A and group B. No significant differences were found among the three groups in the levels of FCP, PCP, the CPI or GADA titers.ConclusionsThe data suggested that adding 2000 IU/day vitamin D3 to saxagliptin might preserve β‐cell function in patients with LADA.
Integrating broad‐scale data to assess demographic and climatic contributions to population change in a declining songbird
Authors: Saracco James F. , Rubenstein Madeleine 
Published: February 2020

AbstractClimate variation and trends affect species distribution and abundance across large spatial extents. However, most studies that predict species response to climate are implemented at small spatial scales or are based on occurrence‐environment relationships that lack mechanistic detail. Here, we develop an integrated population model (IPM) for multi‐site count and capture‐recapture data for a declining migratory songbird, Wilson's warbler (Cardellina pusilla), in three genetically distinct breeding populations in western North America. We include climate covariates of vital rates, including spring temperatures on the breeding grounds, drought on the wintering range in northwest Mexico, and wind conditions during spring migration. Spring temperatures were positively related to productivity in Sierra Nevada and Pacific Northwest genetic groups, and annual changes in productivity were important predictors of changes in growth rate in these populations. Drought condition on the wintering grounds was a strong predictor of adult survival for coastal California and Sierra Nevada populations; however, adult survival played a relatively minor role in explaining annual variation in population change. A latent parameter representing a mixture of first‐year survival and immigration was the largest contributor to variation in population change; however, this parameter was estimated imprecisely, and its importance likely reflects, in part, differences in spatio‐temporal distribution of samples between count and capture‐recapture data sets. Our modeling approach represents a novel and flexible framework for linking broad‐scale multi‐site monitoring data sets. Our results highlight both the potential of the approach for extension to additional species and systems, as well as needs for additional data and/or model development.