bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiothoracic robotic assisted surgery in times of COVID-19
Authors: Van den Eynde Jef , De Groote Senne , Van Lerberghe Robin , Van den Eynde Raf , Oosterlinck Wouter 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic poses an immense threat to healthcare systems worldwide. At a time when elective surgeries are being suspended and questions are being raised about how the remaining procedures on COVID-19 positive patients can be performed safely, it is important to consider the potential role of robotic assisted surgery within the current pandemic. Recently, several robotic assisted surgery societies have issued their recommendations. To date, however, no specific recommendations are available for cardiothoracic robotic assisted surgery in COVID-19 positive patients. Here, we discuss the potential risks, benefits, and preventive measures that need to be taken into account when considering robotic assisted surgery for cardiothoracic indications in patients with confirmed COVID-19. It is suggested that robotic assisted surgery might have various advantages such as early recovery after surgery, shorter hospital stay, and reduced loss of blood and fluids as well as smaller incisions. However, electrosurgical and ultrasonic devices, as well as CO2 insufflation should be managed with caution to prevent the risk of aerosolization of viral particles.
Study of evaluation method for the overseas oil and gas investment based on risk compensation
Authors: Li Zu-Xin , Liu Jian-Ye , Luo Dong-Kun , Wang Jian-Jun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe overseas oil and gas investment evaluation is one of the core tasks in overseas investment of oil and gas companies, among which risk evaluation and benefit evaluation are the most important. This paper sets forth transmission paths of risk factors to the investment benefit by identifying 14 overseas oil and gas investment risks in four categories. On the basis of the concept of risk compensation, different compensation mechanisms specific to each risk are designed. The risk and benefit are integrated objectively to develop a comprehensive evaluation model by correcting the recoverable reserve, adjusting benefit evaluation parameters such as investments on exploration and development, and compensating for the changes in risk factors with time through dynamic discount rate. Moreover, two cases studies, namely the evaluations of Project A in Sudan and comparison among Blocks A–G, are used to describe usage method and applicable scope of such evaluation model, respectively. According to the results, oil price is a key influencing factor for enterprise internal risk and industrial risk. Risk compensation reduces comprehensive benefit of overseas oil and gas investment and undermines the investment feasibility and priority of blocks. The research findings of this paper are free from the effects of some subject factors and avoid multi-objective decision making, and also avoid the undesired repeated calculation of risk factors.
Lithic raw material economy at the Huayang site in Northeast China: localization and diversification as adaptive strategies in the Late Glacial
Authors: Yue Jian-Ping , Li You-Qian , Zhang Yu-Xiu , Yang Shi-Xia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe study of lithic raw material plays an important role in developing archeologists’ understanding of the different adaptive strategies and behaviors of prehistoric people. In this paper, we present new evidence from the Huayang site that reveals lithic raw material procurement and exploitation strategies dating to around 14 ka cal. BP. The Huayang site is located in the southern portion of the Lesser Khingan Mountains in Northeast China, a key region for examining migration, diffusion, and interaction among hunter-gatherers in East and Northeast Asia. Our results indicate that diversified lithic raw materials were found and procured from local riverbeds and reduced at the site. Each raw material was reduced with distinctive knapping strategies and, as a result, there is a strong discrete spatial pattern for each of the different raw material types. Intra- and inter-site comparative analyses suggest a uniform trend towards localization and diversification of lithic raw materials in the southern Lesser Khingan Mountains, Northeast China during the Late Glacial, which seems to be associated with the paleoclimatic amelioration and the demographic expansion during this period.
Corneotherapie – Pflege und Reparatur der Haut: präzise, effektiv und nachhaltig
Authors: Keck Cornelia M. 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Pflege und Gesunderhaltung der Haut ist nicht nur für ein gutes Aussehen, sondern auch für das allgemeine Wohlbefinden essenziell. Viele Menschen investieren daher für die Hautpflege nicht nur viel Zeit, sondern auch viel Geld. Oft stellt sich jedoch die Frage, welche Produkte aus der Vielfalt an Angeboten nun besonders effektiv und empfehlenswert sind. Der Artikel gibt darüber Auskunft. Er erläutert die Grundlagen und aktuellen Erkenntnisse der Corneobiologie und zeigt, wie eine präzise, effektive und nachhaltige Hautpflege heute aussehen sollte.
Evaluation of groundwater and surface water quality suitability for drinking and agricultural purposes in Kombolcha town area, eastern Amhara region, Ethiopia
Authors: Berhe Berihu Abadi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe appropriateness of groundwater and surface water for domestic and agricultural uses was assessed in Kombolcha town located in Amhara region using water quality indexes. The town is one of the fast developing and emerging as a leading industrial town in Ethiopia and is selected as an industrial zone by the government. A total of eighteen groundwater and five surface water samples were collected using 250-ml sampling bottles at selected points and analyzed for major ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3−, SO42−, Cl−) in the dry season (May 2017) and wet season (Nov, 2017). A water quality index (WQI) method was applied to evaluate the suitability of the groundwater for drinking purposes using eighteen groundwater sampling points and fourteen parameters (EC, TDS, HCO3−, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl, SO42−, NO3−, PO43−, Cu, Fe and F−), and each parameters were also compared with WHO drinking guidelines. According to WQI, groundwater samples of the present study show excellent (72.2%) and good (27.8%) in the dry season and excellent (83.3%) and good (16.7%) in the wet season. Assessment of groundwater samples from Na+, Mg2+, K+, Cl−, SO42−, HCO3−, NO3−, PO43−, F− and Cu parameters indicates that groundwater of the study area is chemically suitable for drinking purposes. However, some are unsuitable according to the EC, TDS and Ca2+ and all are not suitable with reference to iron (Fe). Groundwater and surface water quality for irrigation were evaluated using SAR, RSC, MR, PI, KI and EC. The results show that most of the groundwater and surface water samples were suitable/excellent for irrigation with some places in the study locations that belong to the good and permissible. The sodium hazard versus salinity hazard of the entire water sample collected in two seasons falls into category C2-S1 and C3-S1, indicating low alkali hazards and excellent irrigation water. Groundwater samples in wet seasons are more suitable than in the dry season for drinking and irrigation purposes, and groundwater samples are less polluted than surface water. The main source of pollution in the study area is the effluents from industries.
Deciphering the possible role of H2O2 in methylmercury-induced neurotoxicity in Xenopus laevis
Authors: Fu Xufeng , Yang Xiuyu , Du Xing , Cui Qinghua 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds
Methylmercury (MeHg) is regarded as a developmental neurotoxicant but the detailed mechanism remains not completely clear.

Methods
The Xenopus laevis embryos were exposed to methylmercury chloride and the expression of neurodevelopment and oxidative stress genes was detected by qRT-PCR or Western blotting. PC12 cells were exposed to various levels of H2O2, and then cell cycle, neurite length, neurodevelopment-related genes, protein expression of apoptosis and autophagy were detected.

Results
The genes of neurodevelopment and oxidative stress were disrupted by methylmercury chloride and H2O2 were increased interestingly in X. laevis embryos. Then, PC12 cells were exposed to H2O2 and the results showed the cell cycle, neurite length, and neurodevelopment-related genes, the proteins apoptosis and autophagy were changed.

Conclusion
These results supported the idea that neurodevelopment-related gene expression was regulated by oxidative stress and that apoptosis and autophagy pathways were activated by H2O2 and involved in methylmercury neurotoxicity.
Is the sublay self-gripping mesh effective for incisional ventral hernia repair? Our experience and a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Schembari Elena , Sofia Maria , Lombardo Rosario , Randazzo Valentina , Coco Ornella , Mattone Edoardo , La Greca Gaetano , Russello Domenico , Latteri Saverio 
Published: May 2020

AbstractSublay mesh repair seems to be the most effective method for treating incisional hernias (IHs). The aim of this study was to report our experience with retromuscular repair and self-gripping mesh for the treatment of midline IHs. In addition, we provided a systematic review of the literature regarding the use of this novel combination. All patients undergoing elective IH repair from June 2016 to November 2018 were included. The self-gripping mesh was placed in the sublay position. Demographic data, defect sizes, postoperative complications and follow-up durations were collected. A systematic review of the available literature was conducted in January 2020 using main databases. A total of 37 patients (20/17M/F) were included in this study, and the mean age and body mass index (BMI) were 58 years and 27 kg/m2, respectively. Minor complications occurred in six patients. Long-term follow-up demonstrated recurrence in three patients. Regarding the review, five publications were considered relevant. The highest complication rate was 28.6%, and the recurrence rate varied from 0 to 5.1%. This is the first review of the literature regarding sublay IH repair using a self-gripping mesh. The low rates of postoperative complications and recurrence in our experience and those reported by most of the reviewed articles demonstrate that this is a safe and effective method for repairing IHs.
Modulus of continuity of controlled Loewner–Kufarev equations and random matrices
Authors: Amaba Takafumi , Friedrich Roland 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFirst we introduce the two tau-functions which appeared either as the$$\tau $$τ-function of the integrable hierarchy governing the Riemann mapping of Jordan curves or in conformal field theory and the universal Grassmannian. Then we discuss various aspects of their interrelation. Subsequently, we establish a novel connection between free probability, growth models and integrable systems, in particular for second order freeness, and summarise it in a dictionary. This extends the previous link between conformal maps and largeN-matrix integrals to (higher) order free probability. Within this context of dynamically evolving contours, we determine a class of driving functions for controlled Loewner–Kufarev equations, which enables us to give a continuity estimate for the solution of such an equation when embedded into the Segal–Wilson Grassmannian.
Blocking retrograde axonal transport of autophagosomes contributes to sevoflurane-induced neuron apoptosis in APP/PS1 mice
Authors: Xu Mingliang , Feng Jianguo , Tang Mingxi , Guo Qingxi , Zhan Jian , Zhu Fuzu , Lei Hong , Kang Qingmei 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAutophagy, a crucial pathway for the degradation of proteins in eukaryotic cells, is linked to the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and the accumulated autophagosomes in the cells resulting in the death of cells. Sevoflurane can impair spatial learning and memory in mice with AD and lead to the apoptosis of nerve cells; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We aim to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of sevoflurane in APPswe/PS1ΔE9 double-transgenic mice. 51 heterozygous APPswe/PS1ΔE9 double-transgenic mice were involved and divided into three groups, including control group, sham group and sevoflurane group. Morris water maze experiment was used to test the learning and memory abilities of mice, flow cytometry was conducted to detect apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential of brain cells in mice, transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the number of autophagosomes at the axon in mice, and western blot was carried out to detect the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, LC3II, P62, KIF3B and DIC proteins of brain cells in mice. In our study, we found that significantly longer escape latencies, fewer crossings of the platform and shorter time spent in the target quadrant of the morris water maze experiment in the sevoflurane group. Flow cytometry showed cellular apoptosis was increased and the membrane potential of the mitochondria was reduced of brain cells in the sevoflurane group. Transmission electron microscopy displayed that there was a remarkable upregulation of autophagosomes at the axon of brain cells in mice after treatment of sevoflurane. Western blot demonstrated that the expression of Bax, LC3II, P62 and KIF3B proteins were elevated, and the expression of Bcl-2 and DIC proteins were reduced in the sevoflurane group. Sevoflurane impaired acquisition learning and memory function, promoted the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in APPswe/PS1ΔE9 double-transgenic mice, and the mechanism might be related to the activation of autophagy along with the disruption of autophagosomes retrograde transport in axons.
Multi-material design in additive manufacturing—feasibility validation
Authors: Leicher M. , Kamper S. , Treutler K. , Wesling V. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe present investigations on generative manufacturing using metallic materials pursue the idea of transferring the microscopic structural morphology of a dual-phase steel in modified form to the macroscopic level. The aim is to be able to join materials of different lattice modifications and to combine their positive properties. This applies in particular to the combination of high tensile strength and good formability. For this investigation, a specimen was created from a high-strength ferritic/martensitic (25%) and an austenitic (75%) material with a defined welding sequence. The specimen was deliberately manufactured anisotropically using welding layers in order to quantify its properties. Tensile tests were performed on specimens with different weld seam orientations to determine the direction-dependent properties. As can be proven by the results, the application of welding processes with different materials results in an anisotropic behaviour in generative manufacturing. With regard to tensile strength and elongation, there is an integral value of the mechanical-technological properties of both base materials. The existing anisotropy can be utilized with regard to the design by adapting the alignment of the weld layers to the load.
Microstructure investigation of duplex stainless steel welds using arc heat treatment technique
Authors: Putz Andrea , Hosseini Vahid A. , Westin Elin M. , Enzinger Norbert 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA heat treatment technique was applied on standard duplex stainless steel welds in order to investigate the influence of thermal treatments, e.g., multi-pass welding, on the microstructure. By using a stationary arc, a spatial steady-state temperature field ranging from liquidus to room temperature evolves within a single sample and results in a graded microstructure. The arc heat treatment was applied for 10 and 60 min respectively, and the experimental results were compared against thermodynamic calculations. Metallographic investigations revealed the formation of secondary phases within distinct zones. For the 10 min arc heat treated sample, the formation of sigma phase was observed in a temperature range of 730–1000 °C and chi phase was found above 700 °C. For the 60 min sample, sigma phase formed between 675 and 1025 °C, while chi phase formed above 600 °C. In both samples, transformation of chi phase to sigma phase as well as the formation of secondary austenite at 575–1100 °C was observed. Hardness measurements identified brittle regions, which correlated with the regions enriched in sigma phase and decomposition of ferrite. Compared to the initial microstructure, regions with secondary phases showed increased sensitization to local corrosion, when tested according to ASTM A262-Practice A.
Clinical significance of fluid biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Lewczuk Piotr , Łukaszewicz-Zając Marta , Mroczko Piotr , Kornhuber Johannes 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Abstract
The number of patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and other types of dementia disorders has drastically increased over the last decades. AD is a complex progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting about 14 million patients in Europe and the United States. The hallmarks of this disease are neurotic plaques consist of the Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) formed of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein (pTau). Currently, four CSF biomarkers: Amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42), Aβ42/40 ratio, Tau protein, and Tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 (pTau181) have been indicated as core neurochemical AD biomarkers. However, the identification of additional fluid biomarkers, useful in the prognosis, risk stratification, and monitoring of drug response is sorely needed to better understand the complex heterogeneity of AD pathology as well as to improve diagnosis of patients with the disease. Several novel biomarkers have been extensively investigated, and their utility must be proved and eventually integrated into guidelines for use in clinical practice. This paper presents the research and development of CSF and blood biomarkers for AD as well as their potential clinical significance.

Graphic abstract
Upper panel: Aβ peptides are released from transmembrane Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) under physiological conditions (blue arrow). In AD, however, pathologic accumulation of Aβ monomers leads to their accumulation in plaques (red arrow). This is reflected in decreased concentration of Aβ1-42 and decreased Aβ42/40 concentration ratio in the CSF. Lower panel: Phosphorylated Tau molecules maintain axonal structures; hyperphosphorylation of Tau (red arrow) in AD leads to degeneration of axons, and release of pTau molecules, which then accumulate in neurofibrillary tangles. This process is reflected by increased concentrations of Tau and pTau in the CSF.
First report of the early Eocene pteropods from the Zhepure Formation in Yadong, southern Tibet, China
Authors: Li Xin-fa , Li Guo-biao , Garvie Christopher L. , Wang Tian-yang , Zhao Jun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDuring recent stratigraphical and micropaleontological investigations of the Gulupu section in Tüna, Yadong, of the Eocene Zhepure Formation, numerous holoplanktonic mollusks (pteropods) were recovered. Four species, assignable to two genera of pteropods (includingLimacina yadongensisnew species) were systematically described and illustrated, and a gastropod-bivalve biofacies was identified. This is the first report of Eocene (Ypresian) pteropods in southern Tibet; the same stratum also yields many other neritic faunas. The data presented in this study suggest that a semi-closed restricted gulf in the Tüna area existed and the occurrence of pteropods in Tüna may indicate transport from more open, deep water by oceanic currents during early Eocene. Based on the analysis of paleogeographical distribution of pteropods, it indicates that a Tethys seaway existed during the early Eocene (Ypresian).UUID:http://zoobank.org/7eb6f8dd-a973-4834-986a-310008476eb0
Multilocus phylogeography of the world populations of Elaeidobius kamerunicus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), pollinator of the palm Elaeis guineensis
Authors: Haran Julien , Ndzana Abanda Raphael François Xavier , Benoit Laure , Bakoumé Claude , Beaudoin-Ollivier Laurence 
Published: May 2020

AbstractElaeidobius kamerunicus Faust (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) is one of the specific pollinators on inflorescences of the African oil palm Elaeis guineensis Jacquin. This derelomine weevil is native to tropical Africa. During the late 20th century, it was introduced into all tropical regions where E. guineensis is grown, in order to improve its pollination and fruit set. Despite an overall success, a decline in pollination efficiency has been documented in several regions. In this study, we reconstructed a multilocus phylogeography of the world populations of E. kamerunicus, in order to explore its genetic diversity in its native and introduced ranges. Our results showed that African populations of E. kamerunicus are forming two differentiated mitochondrial clusters in West and central Africa, forming a contact zone along the Cameroon Volcanic Line. The existence of this sharp contact zone along this weak altitudinal barrier suggests that other parameters, such as climate, may be driving the distribution of populations. A differential genetic structure between mitochondrial and nuclear genes, and the strong level of genetic structure of the mitochondrial gene, also suggest sex-biased dispersal in this species, with males dispersing more than females. The genetic structure inferred from Asian and South American populations suggests that they originate from populations of both western and central tropical Africa and that a bottleneck has probably been experienced by these populations.
Prosthenhystera gattiin. sp. (Digenea: Callodistomidae), a gallbladder parasite ofBryconamericus ikaafrom the lower Iguazú River, described based on combined molecular and morphological evidence
Authors: Montes M.M. , Barneche J. , Croci Y. , Rodriguez Gil S. , Curran S.S. , Ferrari W. , Casciotta J.R. , Martorelli S.R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAdult forms of members of the Callodistomidae always parasitize the gallbladder of freshwater fishes and occur in Africa and America. This study provides a description of a new South American species belonging inProsthenhysterafrom the gallbladder of a characid fish (Bryconamericus ikaa), and ribosomal gene sequences (28S rDNA and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) are used to demonstrate molecular differences between the new species and congeners as well as explore interrelationships among congeners. Additionally, the first cytological analysis is conducted for a member of the family to determine chromosome number and arrangement.Prosthenhystera gattiin. sp. most closely resemblesProsthenhystera caballeroiin morphology, but the vitellarium is more extensive reaching anterior to the caecal bifurcation in the new species and the uterus is confined to the hindbody inP. gattiin. sp., whereas it extends to the level of the pharynx inP. caballeroi. Also, the testes, cirrus sac, seminal receptacle and the ratio of body length to width are larger inP. gattiin. sp. Independent Bayesian inference analyses of 28S rDNA and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequence fragments produced phylograms that showedP. gattiin. sp. is more similar toProsthenhystera obesa+Prosthenhystera oonasticathanP.caballeroi +two unidentified species ofProsthenhystera, but with poor posterior probability support for the node in the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-based phylogram. Further, the genetic distance betweenP. oonasticaandP. gattiin. sp. are the largest amongProsthenhysteraspp. Cytological analysis revealed ten metacentric chromosomes, which is fewer than the 12–18 chromosomes present in species from the closely related Gorgoderidae.