bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Community-Based Approach to Infant Mental Health Assessment
Authors: Keren Miri , Feldman Ruth 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter follows the establishment and operation of an infant mental health clinic in central Israel. It presents a general model of community-based assessment of infant mental health, which is based on the principle of expanding the context of infant assessment outside the clinician’s office. The chapter then focuses on the unique challenges of mental health assessment of infants in multirisk families and in those placed out of home because of abuse and/or neglect. It describes the pretreatment and posttreatment evaluation battery for very high-risk infants and their parents who have agreed to enroll in a specially designed intensive treatment program that was developed at the unit during the past two years. Finally, this chapter presents a case study of high-risk infants that describes the process of assessment.
Screening for Risk in a Primary Care Setting
Authors: Huffman Lynne C. , Baran Joan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Behavioral issues in children can emerge as early as infancy and be clearly apparent by toddlerhood and preschool age. Though pediatricians see infants and young children for up to a dozen well-child visits during the first two years of life, such problems are often not appreciated or identified, and consensus is lacking on a reliable and valid way to determine quickly whether a concern is significant enough to warrant a referral for further assessment/intervention. Given the pediatrics developmental surveillance and anticipatory guidance models, these visits provide an important opportunity for both prevention and early intervention efforts in the behavioral health domains. A few screening tools that reliably identify behavioral health problems in young children can help pediatricians begin the conversation, substantiate parental concerns, validate clinical impressions, inform immediate care, facilitate appropriate referrals, and, ultimately, potentially change the trajectory of a child’s life. Follow-up after screening is essential to increase likelihood of linkage to care. This chapter describes the primary health care context and examines the role of primary care pediatricians in caring for young children with behavioral health problems. Next, it gives a brief overview of the problems typically seen in this age range. Then, screening tools available to primary care pediatricians are reviewed, noting the reliability and validity data for each tool. Summary recommendations for useful screening strategies are given and the limits of what is available to primary care providers are addressed.
The Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment
Authors: Egger Helen Link , Angold Adrian , Small Brian , Copeland William 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This chapter describes the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (PAPA), a structured diagnostic parent-administered psychiatric interview about children ages 2–5 (24 months through 72 months) that assesses parent-reported psychiatric symptoms, disorders, and impairment in preschool children. The PAPA also assesses school or day-care functioning, family structure and functioning, parenting behaviors, adverse life events, and a host of demographic variables including socioeconomic status (Egger, Ascher, & Angold, 1999). Also described is the ePAPA, a web-based tool for administering the PAPA electronically. The PAPA is derived from the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment, an interview for children ages 9–18 years old. The PAPA, the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment, and now the Young Adult Psychiatric Assessment comprise a suite of interviews that employ a consistent approach to the assessment of psychopathology in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood. The chapter reviews the history of the PAPA’s development and describes the structure, content, reliability, and uses of the PAPA in research. Implications for clinical practice are also discussed.
Preparing for the Future: Music Students with Special Education Needs in School and Community Life
Authors: Darrow Alice-Ann , Adamek Mary S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis article considers the status of music education for disabled students. Music has long played a key role in special education programs for students with disabilities. However, the inclusive practices in schools today, have increased music educators' accountability in the education of their students. Though instructional roles may differ, music educators often work with students who are along the continuum of abilities ranging from gifted to those with the most severe disabilities. Music educators can prepare themselves by engaging in continuous education, collaborating with other school personnel, and staying up to date on appropriate readings in professional journals.
Transfecting Taxus � media Protoplasts to Study Transcription Factors BIS2 and TSAR2 as Activators of Taxane-Related Genes
Authors: Sanchez-Mu�oz Raul , Almagro Lorena , Cusido Rosa M , Bonfill Mercedes , Palazon Javier , Moyano Elisabeth 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTaxane diterpenes are secondary metabolites with an important pharmacological role in the treatment of cancer. Taxus spp. biofactories have been used for taxane production, but the lack of knowledge about the taxane biosynthetic pathway and its molecular regulation hinders their optimal function. The difficulties in introducing foreign genes in Taxus spp. genomes hinder the study of the molecular mechanisms involved in taxane production, and a new approach is required to overcome them. In this study, a reliable, simple and fast method to obtain Taxus � media protoplasts was developed, allowing their manipulation in downstream assays for the study of physiological changes in Taxus spp. cells. Using this method, Taxus protoplasts were transiently transfected for the first time, corroborating their suitability for transfection assays and the study of specific physiological responses. The two assayed transcription factors (BIS2 and TSAR2) had a positive effect on the expression of several taxane-related genes, suggesting their potential use for the improvement of taxane yields. Furthermore, the results indicate that the developed method is suitable for obtaining T. � media protoplasts for transfection with the aim of unraveling regulatory mechanisms in taxane production.
AAAPT Diagnostic Criteria for Acute Knee Arthroplasty Pain
Authors: Abdallah Faraj W , Gilron Ian , Fillingim Roger B , Tighe Patrick , Parvataneni Hari K , Ghasemlou Nader , Sawhney Mona , McCartney Colin J L 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Objective
The relationship between preexisting osteoarthritic pain and subsequent post-total knee arthroplasty (TKA) pain is not well defined. This knowledge gap makes diagnosis of post-TKA pain and development of management plans difficult and may impair future investigations on personalized care. Therefore, a set of diagnostic criteria for identification of acute post-TKA pain would inform standardized management and facilitate future research.

Methods
The Analgesic, Anesthetic, and Addiction Clinical Trial Translations, Innovations, Opportunities, and Networks (ACTTION) public–private partnership with the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the American Pain Society (APS), and the American Academy of Pain Medicine (AAPM) formed the ACTTION-APS-AAPM Pain Taxonomy (AAAPT) initiative to address this goal. A multidisciplinary work group of pain experts was invited to conceive diagnostic criteria and dimensions of acute post-TKA pain.

Results
The working group used contemporary literature combined with expert opinion to generate a five-dimensional taxonomical structure based upon the AAAPT framework (i.e., core diagnostic criteria, common features, modulating factors, impact/functional consequences, and putative mechanisms) that characterizes acute post-TKA pain.

Conclusions
The diagnostic criteria created are proposed to define the nature of acute pain observed in patients following TKA.
Cancer Rehabilitation Publications (2008–2018) With a Focus on Physical Function: A Scoping Review
Authors: Harrington Shana E , Stout Nicole L , Hile Elizabeth , Fisher Mary Insana , Eden Melissa , Marchese Victoria , Pfalzer Lucinda A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Cancer rehabilitation research has accelerated over the last decade. However, closer examination of the published literature reveals that the majority of this work has focused on psychological interventions and cognitive and behavioral therapies. Recent initiatives have aggregated expert consensus around research priorities, highlighting a dearth in research regarding measurement of and interventions for physical function. Increasingly loud calls for the need to address the myriad of physical functional impairments that develop in people living with and beyond cancer have been published in the literature. A detailed survey of the landscape of published research has not been reported to our knowledge.

Purpose
This scoping review systematically identified literature published between 2008 and 2018 related to the screening, assessment, and interventions associated with physical function in people living with and beyond cancer.

Data Sources
PubMed and CINAHL were searched up to September 2018.

Study Selection
Study selection included articles of all levels of evidence on any disease stage and population. A total of 11,483 articles were screened for eligibility, 2507 full-text articles were reviewed, and 1055 articles were selected for final inclusion and extraction.

Data Extraction
Seven reviewers recorded type of cancer, disease stage, age of participants, phase of treatment, time since diagnosis, application to physical function, study design, impairments related to physical function, and measurement instruments used.

Data Synthesis
Approximately one-third of the articles included patients with various cancer diagnoses (30.3%), whereas the rest focused on a single cancer, most commonly breast (24.8%). Most articles (77%) measured physical function following the completion of active cancer treatment with 64% representing the assessment domain. The most commonly used measures of physical function were the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Health Survey Questionnaire (29%) and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Cancer 30 (21.5%).

Limitations
Studies not written in English, study protocols, conference abstracts, and unpublished data were excluded.

Conclusions
This review elucidated significant inconsistencies in the literature regarding language used to define physical function, measurement tools used to characterize function, and the use of those tools across the cancer treatment and survivorship trajectory. The findings suggested that physical function in cancer research is predominantly measured using general health-related quality-of-life tools rather than more precise functional assessment tools. Interdisciplinary and clinician-researcher collaborative efforts should be directed toward a unified definition and assessment of physical function.
Methylmercury Induces Metabolic Alterations in Caenorhabditis elegans: Role for C/EBP Transcription Factor
Authors: Caito Samuel W , Newell-Caito Jennifer , Martell Megan , Crawford Nicole , Aschner Michael 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMethylmercury (MeHg) is a well-known neurotoxicant; however, its role in metabolic diseases has been gaining wider attention. We have previously shown that MeHg causes metabolic alterations in Caenorhabditis elegans, leading to decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide cofactor, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. We were, therefore, interested in whether MeHg also affects nutrient metabolism, particularly lipid homeostasis, which may contribute to the development of metabolic conditions such as obesity or metabolic syndrome (MS). RNA from wild-type worms exposed to MeHg was collected immediately after treatment and used for gene expression analysis by DNA microarray. MeHg differentially regulated 215 genes, 17 genes involved in lipid homeostasis, and 12 genes involved in carbohydrate homeostasis. Of particular interest was cebp-1, the worm ortholog to human C/EBP, a pro-adipogenic transcription factor implicated in MS. MeHg increased the expression of cebp-1 as well as pro-adipogenic transcription factors sbp-1 and nhr-49, triglyceride synthesis enzyme acl-6, and lipid transport proteins vit-2 and vit-6. Concurrent with the altered gene expression, MeHg increased triglyceride levels, lipid storage, and feeding behaviors. Worms expressing mutant cebp-1 were protected from MeHg-induced alterations in lipid content, feeding behaviors, and gene expression, highlighting the importance of this transcription factor in the worm’s response to MeHg. Taken together, our data demonstrate that MeHg induces biochemical, metabolic, and behavioral changes in C. elegans that can lead to metabolic dysfunction.
Temperature and moisture dependence of daily growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) roots in Southern Finland
Authors: Ding Yiyang , Schiestl-Aalto Pauliina , Helmisaari Heljä-Sisko , Makita Naoki , Ryhti Kira , Kulmala Liisa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractScots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is one of the most important conifers in Northern Europe. In boreal forests, over one-third of net primary production is allocated to roots. Pioneer roots expand the horizontal and vertical root systems and transport nutrients and water from belowground to aboveground. Fibrous roots, often colonized by mycorrhiza, emerge from the pioneer roots and absorb water and nutrients from the soil. In this study, we installed three flatbed scanners to detect the daily growth of both pioneer and fibrous roots of Scots pine during the growing season of 2018, a year with an unexpected summer drought in Southern Finland. The growth rate of both types of roots had a positive relationship with temperature. However, the relations between root elongation rate and soil moisture differed significantly between scanners and between root types indicating spatial heterogeneity in soil moisture. The pioneer roots were more tolerant to severe environmental conditions than the fibrous roots. The pioneer roots initiated elongation earlier and ceased it later than the fibrous roots. Elongation ended when the temperature dropped below the threshold temperature of 4 °C for pioneer roots and 6 °C for fibrous roots. During the summer drought, the fibrous roots halted root surface area growth at the beginning of the drought, but there was no drought effect on the pioneer roots over the same period. To compare the timing of root production and the aboveground organs’ production, we used the CASSIA model, which estimates the aboveground tree carbon dynamics. In this study, root growth started and ceased later than growth of aboveground organs. Pioneer roots accounted for 87% of total root productivity. We suggest that future carbon allocation models should separate the roots by root types (pioneer and fibrous), as their growth patterns are different and they have different reactions to changes in the soil environment.
Transcriptome profiling reveals the crucial biological pathways involved in cold response in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis)
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Wu Chu , Hu Xin , Gao Hongye , Wang Yue , Luo Hong , Cai Sen , Li Guowei , Zheng Yushan , Lin Chentao , Zhu Qiang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Most bamboo species including Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) are tropical or subtropical plants that greatly contribute to human well-being. Low temperature is one of the main environmental factors restricting bamboo growth and geographic distribution. Our knowledge of the molecular changes during bamboo adaption to cold stress remains limited. Here, we provided a general overview of the cold-responsive transcriptional profiles in Moso bamboo by systematically analyzing its transcriptomic response under cold stress. Our results showed that low temperature induced strong morphological and biochemical alternations in Moso bamboo. To examine the global gene expression changes in response to cold, 12 libraries (non-treated, cold-treated 0.5, 1 and 24 h at −2 °C) were sequenced using an Illumina sequencing platform. Only a few differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at early stage, while a large number of DEGs were identified at late stage in this study, suggesting that the majority of cold response genes in bamboo are late-responsive genes. A total of 222 transcription factors from 24 different families were differentially expressed during 24-h cold treatment, and the expressions of several well-known C-repeat/dehydration responsive element-binding factor negative regulators were significantly upregulated in response to cold, indicating the existence of special cold response networks. Our data also revealed that the expression of genes related to cell wall and the biosynthesis of fatty acids were altered in response to cold stress, indicating their potential roles in the acquisition of bamboo cold tolerance. In summary, our studies showed that both plant kingdom-conserved and species-specific cold response pathways exist in Moso bamboo, which lays the foundation for studying the regulatory mechanisms underlying bamboo cold stress response and provides useful gene resources for the construction of cold-tolerant bamboo through genetic engineering in the future.
Association of Neonatal Hypothermia with Morbidity and Mortality in a Tertiary Hospital in Malawi
Authors: Phoya Frank , Langton Josephine , Dube Queen , Iroh Tam Pui-Ying 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate associations with neonatal hypothermia in a tertiary-level neonatal unit (NU) in Malawi.

Methods
Neonates with a birth weight &gt;1000 g were recruited and temperatures were recorded 5 min after birth, on admission and 4 h thereafter. Clinical course and outcome were reviewed. Data were analysed using Stata v.15 and p &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Between August 2018 to March 2019, 120 neonates were enrolled, and 112 were included in the data analysis. Hypothermia at 5 min after birth was noted in 74%, 77% on admission to the NU and 38% at 24 h. Neonates who had hypothermia 5 min after birth were more likely to have hypothermia on admission to the NU compared with normothermic subjects (p &lt; 0.01). All neonates with hypothermia on admission to the NU died (100 vs.72%, p = 0.02), but hypothermia at 5 min nor at 24 h were not associated with mortality. After adjusting for potential confounders, the odds ratio of hypothermia at 5 min for hypothermia on admission to NU was 13.31 (95% CI 4.17–42.54).

Discussion
A large proportion of hospitalized neonates is hypothermic on admission and has associated morbidity and mortality. Our findings suggest that a strong predictor of mortality is neonatal hypothermia on admission to the NU, and that early intervention in the immediate period after delivery could decrease the incidence of hypothermia and reduce associated morbidity and mortality.
Hepatocyte p53 ablation induces metabolic dysregulation that is corrected by food restriction and vertical sleeve gastrectomy in mice
Authors: Holter Marlena M. , Garibay Darline , Lee Seon A. , Saikia Mridusmita , McGavigan Anne K. , Ngyuen Lily , Moore Elizabeth S. , Daugherity Erin , Cohen Paul , Kelly Kathleen , Weiss Robert S. , Cummings Bethany P. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractP53 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes; however, the mechanisms and tissue sites of action are incompletely defined. Therefore, we investigated the role of hepatocyte p53 in metabolic homeostasis using a hepatocyte‐specific p53 knockout mouse model. To gain further mechanistic insight, we studied mice under two complementary conditions of restricted weight gain: vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) or food restriction. VSG or sham surgery was performed in high‐fat diet‐fed male hepatocyte‐specific p53 wild‐type and knockout littermates. Sham‐operated mice were fed ad libitum or food restricted to match their body weight to VSG‐operated mice. Hepatocyte‐specific p53 ablation in sham‐operated ad libitum‐fed mice impaired glucose homeostasis, increased body weight, and decreased energy expenditure without changing food intake. The metabolic deficits induced by hepatocyte‐specific p53 ablation were corrected, in part by food restriction, and completely by VSG. Unlike food restriction, VSG corrected the effect of hepatocyte p53 ablation to lower energy expenditure, resulting in a greater improvement in glucose homeostasis compared with food restricted mice. These data reveal an important new role for hepatocyte p53 in the regulation of energy expenditure and body weight and suggest that VSG can improve alterations in energetics associated with p53 dysregulation.
Ultralow 0.03 mg vaginal estriol in postmenopausal women who underwent surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence: effects on quality of life and sexual function
Authors: Caruso Salvatore , Cianci Antonio , Sarpietro Giuseppe , Matarazzo Maria Grazia , Panella Marco , Cianci Stefano 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy of low-dose, intravaginal estriol ovules in postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) before and after transobturator tape (TOT) placement, assessing vaginal health, quality of life (QoL), and sexual function.

Methods:
Ninety-six postmenopausal women affected by SUI and scheduled for TOT placement were enrolled. Women were randomized and divided into two groups through 1:1 at baseline (T0): study group (group A, n = 48) and control group (group B, n = 48). Group A was treated daily for 16 weeks with an intravaginal ovule containing 0.03 mg estriol. Vaginal epithelium maturation, QoL, and sexual function were investigated by using the Vaginal Maturation Index (VMI), Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire, and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire at baseline (T0), before surgery (T1), and 8 weeks after surgery (T2), respectively.

Results:
Thirty-six women from group A and 44 women from group B completed the study. The VMI improved in group A at T1 (T1 [43.1] vs T0 [38.1]; P = 0.04) and T2 (T2 [47.8] vs T0 [38.1]; P = 0.001). The physical index score of the QoL improved only after surgery in group A (T2 [49.4] vs T0 [39.7]; P = 0.001). On the contrary, the mental index score improved at T1 [T1 (41.9) vs T0 (37.9), (P = 0.02)] and at T2 [T2 (49.6) vs T0 (37.9), P = 0.001]. Group B had improvement of the physical (45.6 vs 39.4; P = 0.001) and mental (43.6 vs 38.9; P = 0.002) index scores at T2. Sexual function improved in group A at T1 (13.9 vs 18.6; P = 0.001) and at T2 (13.9 vs 25.2; P = 0.001), and in group B at T2 (14 vs 17.2; P = 0.001). Moreover, it improved after TOT placement more in group A than in group B (P = 0.001).

Conclusions:
Ultralow-dose topical vaginal ovules containing 0.03 mg estriol administrated before and after TOT placement could improve the vaginal epithelium maturation of postmenopausal women affected by SUI. Moreover, vaginal estriol ovules also improved the surgical outcome investigated by SF-36 and FSFI.