bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Business model diversification and firm performance: A demand‐side perspective
Authors: Sohl Timo , Vroom Govert , McCann Brian T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractResearch summaryThis study explores the relationship between business model diversification (BMD) and firm performance from a demand‐side perspective. We focus on the addition of a business model with a high degree of demand complementarity, which we refer to as demand‐related BMD and explain the ways that such an addition can increase firm performance. We further extend theoretical understanding by first providing a comparison of demand‐related BMD to demand‐unrelated BMD, describing why we expect the former to be the more profitable form of BMD. Second, we contend that the ability to exploit demand complementarities depends on both demand heterogeneity as well as the level of demand for the added business model. Using a unique panel dataset of global retail corporations, we find evidence supportive of our arguments.Managerial summaryDespite the strong recognition that many firms operate multiple business models at the same time, little is known about how business model diversification (BMD) may be associated with firm performance. Our study explores this question from a demand‐side perspective, leading us to distinguish between two BMD strategies: demand‐related BMD and demand‐unrelated BMD. We argue and show that demand‐related BMD increases firm performance and is more profitable than demand‐unrelated BMD. We also explore external market conditions under which demand‐related BMD should lead to greater performance improvements. Our results reveal that demand‐related BMD is more profitable in markets with higher demand heterogeneity—as fostered by increases in consumer incomes—and increased technology availability that enables consumers to act on their heterogenous preferences.
An assembly perspective of entrepreneurial projects: Social networks in action
Authors: Obstfeld David , Ventresca Marc J. , Fisher Greg 
Published: January 2020

AbstractResearch abstractWe introduce an assembly perspective of entrepreneurial action in early‐stage projects, developed in a process model of microsocial network dynamics. The model comprises four conceptual elements: (a) an initial entrepreneurial projection or goal, which motivates and guides network‐based action, and evolves as the venture unfolds; (b) knowledge articulation to make the entrepreneurial projection relevant to diverse stakeholders; (c) combinatorial action, which entails joining people and resources in new combinations and that may reshape the project; and (d) network expansion by which stakeholder relationships develop and generate distributed momentum. This approach integrates and extends foundational theoretical perspectives in entrepreneurship studies—bricolage, effectuation, and opportunity creation—and draws on recent developments in social network process theory to specify the model.Managerial abstractHow do entrepreneurs use social networks in early‐stage projects? We introduce a conceptual model for how entrepreneurs initiate and adapt network activity as they pursue their entrepreneurial project. In its early stages, a new venture begins with the crystallization of an “entrepreneurial projection” that motivates and guides action. Then, the entrepreneur's action consists first of the articulation of that projection to appeal to potential stakeholders such as investors, employees, and other collaborators. Second, the entrepreneur is simultaneously connecting diverse stakeholders in different clusters of support critical to the project's continued growth. Finally, the entrepreneur generates momentum by expanding her network by recruiting new stakeholders. As this entrepreneurial activity unfolds, the entrepreneur continually adjusts her projection and subsequent actions in response to diverse stakeholder feedback.
Probing Interface Manipulation of Metal‐Graphene Composites via Doping and Vacancy Engineering towards Excellent Mechanical Strengths
Authors: Zhang Qian , Mei Jun , Liu Ying , Zhang Caili , Wu Yucheng , Liao Ting , Han Peide 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOwing to the unique merits benefited from the two‐dimensional (2D) geometry, graphene has been often chosen as an attractive strength enhancer during the design of metal‐graphene structural composites. In spite of the improved mechanical properties with the assistance of graphene, it is still challenging to fit the strength requirements for these metal‐graphene composites in the practical applications. To address this issue, metal‐doping and carbon‐vacancy engineering, in this work, are first proposed to manipulate the dual‐phase interfaces between metal and graphene in order to further strengthen the mechanical properties in metal‐graphene composites based on the first‐principle calculation. It can be concluded that a single‐carbon‐vacancy graphene or a Ti, Mn‐doped metal matrix in metal‐graphene composites delivers the best interfacial binding capability, resulting in an obvious strength increase of over 110% for Cu‐graphene composites. Finally, the deformation mechanisms of metal‐graphene composites are discussed via the evaluation on tensile deformation processes, electron densities, and stacking fault energies. This work offers us an alternative solution for the effective reinforcement on mechanical properties of metal‐graphene composites by manipulating the dual‐phase interfaces using doping or vacancy engineering.
Synthesis of 3‐[(1H‐Benzimidazol‐2‐ylsulfanyl)(aryl)methyl]‐4‐hydroxycoumarin Derivatives as Potent Bioactive Molecules
Authors: Obaiah Nagaraja , Bodke Yadav D. , Telkar Sandeep 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we described the synthesis of 3‐[(1H‐benzimidazol‐2‐ylsulfanyl)(aryl) methyl]‐4‐hydroxy‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one derivatives by one‐pot three‐component reaction between 4‐hydroxycoumarin, substituted aldehydes and 2‐mercaptobenzimidazole in the presence of L‐proline as a catalyst. The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by FT‐IR, NMR and Mass spectral data. Further, the synthesized compounds were screened for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Molecular docking studies were also carried out to know the inhibitory effect of the synthesized compounds against pathogens.
Aggregation Induced Emission Enhancement (AIEE) of Naphthalene‐ Appended Organic Moiety: An Al3+ Ion Selective Turn‐On Fluorescent Probe
Authors: Mondal Asit , Ahmmed Ejaj , Chakraborty Sujaya , Sarkar Arnab , Lohar Somenath , Chattopadhyay Pabitra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAn example of an aggregation‐induced emission enhancement (AIEE)‐active new naphthalene appended Schiff base (H2L) as an Al3+ ion selective fluorescent sensor has been successfully designed and synthesized. H2L showed turn‐on fluorescence at high concentration in DMF only, and at low concentration in DMF‐H2O mixtures having high water content (more than 20%). But at very low concentration of H2L and in DMF/H2O solutions with low water fraction (fw ≤ 20%), the fluorescence was turned ON in presence of Al3+ ions, which helps to detect Al3+ ions as low as 4.9×10−7 M with high selectivity in an DMF solution without any interference of other competitive metal ions. The fluorescence of H2L in different conditions and in solid state due to AIE effect has been established with the help of detailed spectroscopic studies, dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), life time using time‐resolved photoluminescence and optical fluorescence microscope. The experimentally observed H‐type aggregation nature of the probe H2L has also been supported by the theoretical (DFT studies and TDDFT) studies. This probe (H2L) has also been employed for on‐site Al3+ ions detection in solid state.
Tuning Acidity of Sulfonated Mesoporous Polymers (MP−SO3H) for Efficient Tetrahydropyranylation of Alcohols at Room Temperature
Authors: Churipard Sathyapal R. , Kanakikodi Kempanna S. , Jose Nileena , Maradur Sanjeev P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe sulfonated mesoporous polymers (MP−SO3H) with varying acidity were synthesized by template free solvothermal method followed by sulfonation at different intervals of time. The catalytic activities were tested for the tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols. Among the synthesized materials, MP−SO3H‐12 was found to be efficient and demonstrated the highest yield of pyranylated product which is superior in contrast to various heterogeneous catalysts screened. Furthermore, the substrate scope was extended to various primary, secondary, benzylic, aromatic, substituted aromatic and bulkier alcohol substrates. The catalyst retained its heterogeneity and there is no loss in its activity beyond three catalytic runs. The results observed herein are significant and comparable with the best reports available in the open literature. These interesting findings observed over MP−SO3H‐12 make it a potential candidate for the pyranylation of various alcohols under ambient reaction conditions.
Synthesis and Properties of A Low Melting Point Phthalonitrile Resin Containing High Density Nitrile Groups
Authors: Bai Shengnan , Sun Xinyu , Zhang Zhenjiang , Chen Xinggang , Yu Xiaoyan , Zhang Qingxin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA polynitrile‐based phthalonitrile monomer with a low melting point containing an alkyl center, namely, 4,4′,4′′‐ [(methanetriyltris (benzene‐4,1‐diyl)) tris (oxy)] triphthalonitrile (MDTP), is synthesized from a nucleophilic substitution reaction of 4,4′,4′′‐trihydroxytriphenylmethane and 4‐nitrophthalonitrile. The MDTP monomer is cured at different temperatures 4‐(aminophenoxy)phthalonitrile (APPH) as the curing agent to give the MDTP polymers. The MDTP monomer and polymers are characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) analysis shows that the melting point of the monomer is 103 °C and the processing window is about 128 °C. The crosslinking degree of the resin varies with curing time and temperature, which affects the properties of resin. Its glass transition temperature (Tg) is higher than 400 °C. The resin possesses excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties. It loses 5 % weight at 511.2 °C and has a storage modulus of 1611 MPa at 400 °C.
Ascorbic Acid as an Efficient Organocatalyst for the Synthesis of 2‐Substituted‐2,3‐dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐one and 2‐Substituted Quinazolin‐4(3H)‐one in Water
Authors: Chandra Pariyar Gyan , Mitra Bijeta , Mukherjee Suvodip , Ghosh Pranab 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAn environmentally benign, robust and straightforward protocol has been developed for the synthesis of a diverse array of 2,3‐dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones using 2‐aminobenzamide and various aldehydes or ketones. Water, a green solvent was adopted in this methodology replacing hazardous reaction mediums. Further, ascorbic acid, an organocatalyst has been accepted to meet the role of catalyst, thus bypassing the use of noxious metals or hazardous materials, which is another asset of this protocol. The activity of this novel methodology has been further being broadened using an oxidant oxone to synthesize 2‐substituted quinazolin‐4(3H)‐one from aldehyde.
Isomerization Kinetics of Glucose to Fructose in Aqueous Solution with Magnesium‐Aluminum Hydrotalcites
Authors: Li Chunxiao , Wang Yong , Zhang Yuan , Wang Ming , Sun Xiuyu , Cui Hongyou , Xie Yujiao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMg−Al hydrotalcites for catalyzing glucose isomerization to fructose are prepared. Effects of atom ratios of Mg/Al ranging from 1 to 4 and calcination temperatures from 250–650 °C on catalytic performance were examined systematically. It was found that the hydrotalcite (Mg2Al1LDH) calcined at 450 °C with an atom ratio of Mg/Al=2 is an excellent catalyst for glucose isomerization. Characterizations by SEM, EDS, TEM, XRD, FTIR, TG and BET demonstrated that the formed oxide condensed phase as well as the interaction with the alumina helps promote glucose isomerization reaction due to their appropriate basic sites at high calcination temperature. With Mg2Al1‐450 as the catalyst, kinetic model analysis confirmed that the reaction of glucose isomerization to fructose was an exothermal reversible reaction; both the forward and reverse reactions are quasi‐first‐order reactions with activation energies of 71.82 kJ/mol and 48.15 kJ/mol, respectively, while the side reaction is a zero‐order reaction with an activation energy of 94.22 kJ/mol. Therefore, high isomerization reaction temperature is not beneficial to enhance the yield and selectivity of fructose.
NaAlO2‐Promoted Mesoporous Catalysts for Room temperature Knoevenagel Condensation Reaction
Authors: Ramesh Sreerangappa , Devred François , Debecker Damien P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMesoporous solid base catalysts are essential candidates for green and sustainable catalytic processes. In this work, novel mesoporous solid base catalysts was synthesized by promoting mesoporous supports with sodium aluminate (NaAlO2). The prepared catalysts are characterized using a wide variety of molecular and solid‐state techniques to determine their structural and textural properties. The catalysts texture was strongly affected by the promotion of sodium aluminate. The nature of the support and the sodium aluminate loading are shown to play a crucial role on the total basicity. In turn, these NaAlO2‐containing mesoporous materials showed high catalytic activity for Knoevenagel condensation under solvent free reaction conditions. The catalysts are truly heterogeneous without leaching any active sites and also showed good reusability.
Bi‐Co‐Cu Metal Oxide Foam as Significant Electrocatalyst for Methanol Electrooxidation
Authors: Sesu Divya Catherin , Marbaniang Phiralang , Ingavale Sagar , Manohar Arva Clement , Kakade Bhalchandra 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTransition metals and metal oxides are carrying out vibrant role in electrooxidation of methanol. Unfortunately, the unclear cognition of methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) mechanism hampers the development of high performance electrocatalysts. Thus, in this report, a fascinating MOR mechanism has been studied using CoCuBi oxide foam structure, where the (220) plane of CoCuBi oxides are playing an exciting role in an unprecedented mechanism. Interestingly, the (220) plane belongs to the families of plane, where transition metal oxides prefer Eley‐Rideal (ER) mechanism with concomitant reduction in the poisoning effect due to CO. The synergetic effect of these planes triggers the excellent current density of 118 mA/cm2 with 50% retention of activity even after 10 h stability test. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies revealed different oxidation states of metal ions indicating formation of mixed oxides along with different phase formation in CoCuBi foam structure. More excitingly, CoCuBi nanocomposites show remarkable electrochemical methanol oxidation to form specific product such as formate, which is strongly confirmed by proton NMR spectroscopy.
Poly (Ionic Liquids) Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles as Efficient Adsorbent for Determination of Pyrethroids from Environmental Water Samples by GC‐MS
Authors: Wang Tiefeng , Zhang Ruiqi , Gong Zhen , Su Ping , Yang Yi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this work, 1‐vinyl‐3‐butylimidazolium bis((trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl)imide modified Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by “thiol‐ene” click chemistry. The morphology, composition, and structure of as prepared functional material was investigated with several technique. Such magnetic material was applied to magnetic solid‐phase extraction of pyrethroid pesticides, and the analytes were quantitatively analyzed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. Significant parameters of proposed method, including adsorbents amount, vortexing time, solution pH, and eluent volume and type, were optimized. Under the optimized condition, this method exhibited good linearity in the range of 0.19–200 μg L−1 for resmethrin, 0.44–200 μg L−1 for bifenthrin, 0.35–200 μg L−1 for fenpropathrin, and 0.31–200 μg L−1 for cyhalothrin, with the correlation coefficients>0.9992, and low limits of detection (0.06–0.13 μg L−1, S/N=3). The method was successfully applied to quantitative determination of pyrethroid pesticides in environmental water sample with the satisfactory recovery ranging from 85.7 % to 110.4 % and relative standard deviations ranging from 1.3 % to 6.6 %. The results indicated that the proposed magnetic solid‐phase extraction is a simple, efficient and time‐saving method.
Discovery of the Potent Phosphoinositide 3‐Kinase δ (PI3 K δ) Inhibitors
Authors: Lei Tao , Hong Yongwei , Chang Xinyue , Zhang Zhimin , Liu Xingguo , Hu Miao , Huang Wenhai , Yang Haiyan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe PI3Kδ plays a pivotal role in regulating immune cell function and has recently emerged as a promising therapeutic target in treating various diseases, which draw more and more attention to discover potent PI3Kδ inhibitors in recent years. Starting from structure‐based drug design, a series of derivatives were designed and synthesized as new chemotypes of PI3Kδ inhibitors. The potential compounds were structurally optimized by interaction showed in docking study. In cell‐free kinase activity assays, Homogeneous Time‐Resolved Fluorescence Assay (HTRF) method was performed for evaluating the inhibitory activities against PI3Kδ. Interestingly, the representative compound 4 exhibited potent PI3Kδ activity (IC50=72 nM), which is comparable to that of positive compound TGR1202. Furthermore, compound 4 showed 15‐fold water solubility than TGR1202. In addition, the tests of compound 4 on anti‐cancer activity against jeko‐1 cancer cell line and cytotoxicity against peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) suggested high inhibition activity and low toxicity respectively. A series of experiments indicated that compound 4 possessed novel chemical structure and high‐efficiency PI3Kδ inhibition activity, deserving further structural optimization to develop highly potent PI3Kδ inhibitors.
Accessing Symmetrical Tetraphenyl‐pyrrole‐2‐yl Squaraines Through an Improved Synthesis of 2,4‐Diphenylpyrrole
Authors: Gut Arkadiusz , Stosz Maria , Łapok Łukasz , Stadnicka Katarzyna M. , Nowakowska Maria 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSynthesis of tetraphenyl‐pyrrole‐2‐yl squaraines is introduced for the first time. An improved, reproducible and straightforward method for the preparation of 2,4‐diphenylpyrrole‐a key structural synthon for the preparation of the squaraines in question‐is reported. Both, squaraine dyes and all intermediates were fully characterized using spectroscopic methods, viz. 1H NMR, 13C NMR, 2D NMR (COSY, HSQC, HMBC), FT‐ATR‐IR, ESI‐HRMS. The structures of tetraphenyl‐pyrrol‐2‐yl squaraines were unambiguously confirmed by single X‐ray analysis. The squaraines studied exhibit an intense absorption bands spanning from ca. 600 to 700 nm, entering to the spectral region, which is highly sought after for biomedical applications and advanced material technologies.
4‐Phosphonated or 4‐Free 1,2,3‐Triazoles: What Controls the Dimroth Reaction of Arylazides with 2‐Oxopropylphosphonates?
Authors: Pokhodylo Nazariy T. , Shyyka Olga Ya. , Goreshnik Evgeny A. , Obushak Mykola D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe influence of base‐solvent systems and substituents on the reaction of aryl azides with dimethyl 2‐oxopropylphosphonate was studied. It was shown that azides with electron‐withdrawing substituents in K2CO3/DMSO medium (mild conditions) afford 5‐methyl‐1‐aryl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐ylphosphonates as major products. In contrast, azides with electron‐donating substituents produce 1‐aryl‐5‐methyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazoles. Based on the obtained results the plausible mechanisms of the reactions were discussed and key points of selectivity control were indicated.
Structure Engineering of MoS2 via Simultaneous Oxygen and Phosphorus Incorporation for Improved Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Liu Jinlong , Wang Zhenyu , Li Jun , Cao Lujie , Lu Zhouguang , Zhu Dongdong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOxygen and phosphorus dual‐doped MoS2 nanosheets (O,P‐MoS2) with porous structure and continuous conductive network are fabricated using a one‐pot NaH2PO2‐assisted hydrothermal approach. By simply changing the precursor solution, the chemical composition and resulting structure can be effectively controlled to obtain desired properties toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Thanks to the beneficial structure and strong synergistic effects between the incorporated oxygen and phosphorus, the optimal O,P‐MoS2 exhibit superior electrocatalytic performances compared with those of oxygen single‐doped MoS2 nanosheets (O‐MoS2). Specifically, a low HER onset overpotential of 150 mV with a small Tafel slope of 53 mV dec−1, excellent conductivity, and long‐term durability are achieved by the structural engineering of MoS2 via O and P co‐doping, making it an efficient HER electrocatalyst for water electrocatalysis. This work provides an alternative strategy to manipulate transition metal dichalcogenides as advanced materials for electrocatalytic and related energy applications.
Phosphorus Regulated Cobalt Oxide@Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanowires for Flexible Quasi‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors
Authors: Liu Shude , Yin Ying , Shen Yang , Hui Kwan San , Chun Young Tea , Kim Jong Min , Hui Kwun Nam , Zhang Lipeng , Jun Seong Chan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBattery‐type materials are promising candidates for achieving high specific capacity for supercapacitors. However, their slow reaction kinetics hinders the improvement in electrochemical performance. Herein, a hybrid structure of P‐doped Co3O4 (P‐Co3O4) ultrafine nanoparticles in situ encapsulated into P, N co‐doped carbon (P, N‐C) nanowires by a pyrolysis–oxidation–phosphorization of 1D metal–organic frameworks derived from Co‐layered double hydroxide as self‐template and reactant is reported. This hybrid structure prevents active material agglomeration and maintains a 1D oriented arrangement, which exhibits a large accessible surface area and hierarchically porous feature, enabling sufficient permeation and transfer of electrolyte ions. Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the P dopants in P‐Co3O4@P, N‐C could reduce the adsorption energy of OH− and regulate the electrical properties. Accordingly, the P‐Co3O4@P, N‐C delivers a high specific capacity of 669 mC cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2 and an ultralong cycle life with only 4.8% loss over 5000 cycles at 30 mA cm−2. During the fabrication of P‐Co3O4@P, N‐C, Co@P, N‐C is simultaneously developed, which can be integrated with P‐Co3O4@P, N‐C for the assembly of asymmetric supercapacitors. These devices achieve a high energy density of 47.6 W h kg−1 at 750 W kg−1 and impressive flexibility, exhibiting a great potential in practical applications.
Small pertubations of an interface for Stokes system
Authors: Daveau Christian , Khelifi Abdessatar , Oueslati Soumaya 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe consider the Stokes system for a viscous medium consisting of an impurely (inclusion) merged in a consistent background medium. Appointed on both field expansion and layer potential methods, we strictly derive the asymptotic expansion of the perturbed velocity field because of small perturbations in the interface of the inclusion. We use these techniques to determine a relationship between Stokes solutions measurements and the shape of the object. Moreover, we may prove an asymptotic expansion for the perturbation in the viscosity moment tensors (VMTs) caused by the presence of small changes in the interface of the impurity.