bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pan-cancer analysis of the clinical and genetic portraits of somatostatin receptor expressing-tumor as a potential target of peptide receptor imaging and therapy
Authors: Lee Hyunjong , Suh Minseok , Choi Hongyoon , Ha Seunggyun , Paeng Jin Chul , Cheon Gi Jeong , Kang Keon Wook , Lee Dong Soo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose Although somatostatin receptor (SST) is a promising theranostics target and is widely expressed in tumors of various organs, the indication for therapies targeting SST is limited to typical gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Thus, broadening the scope of the current clinical application of peptide receptor radiotherapy (PRRT) can be supported by a better understanding of the landscape of SST-expressing tumors. Methods SST expression levels were assessed in data from The Cancer Genome Atlas across 10,701 subjects representing 32 cancer types. As the major target of PRRT is SST subtype 2 (SST2), correlation analyses between the pan-cancer profiles, including clinical and genetic features, and SST2 level were conducted. The median SST2 expression level of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PCPG) samples was used as the threshold to define ‘high-SST2 tumors’. The prognostic value of SST2 in each cancer subtype was evaluated by using Cox proportional regression analysis. Results We constructed a resource of SST expression patterns associated with clinicopathologic features and genomic alterations. It provides an interactive tool to analyze SST expression patterns in various cancer types. As a result, eight of the 31 cancer subtypes other than PCPG had more than 5% of tumors with high SST2 expression. Low-grade glioma (LGG) showed the highest proportion of high-SST2 tumors, followed by breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA). LGG showed different SST2 levels according to tumor grade and histology. IDH1 mutation was significantly associated with high-SST2 status. In BRCA, the SST2 level was different according to the hormone receptor status. High-SST2 status was significantly associated with good prognosis in LGG patients. High-SST2 status showed a trend for association with poor prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer subjects. Conclusion A broad range of SST2 expression was observed across diverse cancer subtypes. The SST2 expression level showed a significant association with genomic and clinical aspects across cancers, especially in LGG and BRCA. These findings extend our knowledge base to diversify the indications for PRRT as well as SST imaging.
Burden of Occupational Accident and Injury in South Nation Nationalities and Peoples Regional State of Ethiopia.
Authors: Gore Temesgen Kelaye 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Burden of occupational accident and injury is the impact of a health problem in an area measured by premature mortality and morbidity. Poor OHS practice is one of huge public health, economic and social problems. There is a dearth of studies describing the burden of OAI. However, this study has determined the burden of occupational accident and injures in Southern Ethiopia in January 2011 - December 2015. Method: Retrospective descriptive study design was used to analysis administrative data. All data were available in the database. A total of 215 OAI reports was identified from recorded data base. Reports have been collected from SMSM. All accidents and injure report format were observed. Data entered and cleaned using EPI Info version7 statistical software and were analyzed with SPSS version 20. Result: In this study revealed an increasing magnitude of OAI over three years of 65% were found. But, next two years data were declining. More OAI occurred in male (83.3 %), probation period (48.8%) and daily laborers (67.4%) and 57.7% during morning and 35.8% evening time. The seven hundred twenty one leave days and Eighteen thousand six hundred ninety nine Ethiopian Birr paid 62 permanents employments. Causes of OAIs 20.9% hand tools, 17.2%, falling & slippers, 11.2% collision, 10.2% miss handling, 6.5% relate to transport, 1.4% fire and explosive, 3.3% splinters, only 0.9% work related mistakes. A location of accident and injuries on 6% eye, 33% upper back, 43% lower back of body. A type of OAI 51.6% abrasion, 3.3% ear injury, 0.5% death, 15.3% cuts, 9.8% piercing, 1.4% punctured, 7% fractured and 7.4% dislocation. Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed an increasing magnitude of OAI were found. Basic educational level, probation period, daily laborers, working during the morning and evening time more injure and accidents. Upper and lower back were highly affected body part. Abrasion, cuts, piercing, fracture and dislocation were observed as a common type of OAIs. Therefore, interventions should be on a basic educational level, probation period, and daily laborers, working morning and evening time.
Medical student perceptions of curricular influences on their wellbeing: a qualitative study
Authors: Byrnes Christine , Ganapathy Anu , Lam Melinda , Mogensen Lise , Hu Wendy CY 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Medical student mental health and wellbeing is highly topical worldwide. Research has tended to be either large-scale, quantitative, prevalence studies of wellbeing and associated factors such as burnout, or evaluations of single institution interventions. While theoretically informed definitions of wellbeing abound, how do medical students themselves understand and perceive wellbeing? What aspects of the curriculum do they regard as affecting their wellbeing and mental health? This study explored these questions, and aimed to identify factors associated with student acceptability of wellbeing programs and interventions.

Methods
All students at an Australian undergraduate medical school were invited to complete a qualitative online questionnaire between 2017 and 2018 following the introduction of several wellbeing initiatives, including “Wellbeing Days” (WBD). WBD allow students to take single absence days for self-care. Open-ended questions were asked about perceptions and experience of wellbeing and mental health, and views on interventions to improve wellbeing such as WBD. Thematic analysis was performed , initially by three authors who developed preliminary themes, then confirmed by all researchers . Thematic saturation was achieved within the 68 responses, which included participants from all cohorts.

Results
Participants described wellbeing as positively experienced work/life balance, impacted by four factors; contact hours, peer relationships, staff relationships, and trust in how wellbeing initiatives were used. Long course contact hours were deemed incompatible with self-care activities, maintaining employment, and seeking professional medical/psychological help. Peers could promote wellbeing by offering social and academic support, but also undermine wellbeing by being competitors. Degree of trust, engagement and communication with staff influenced acceptability of interventions. Participants viewed initiatives such as WBD favourably, but distrust of peers, and of staff, led to perceptions that WBD could be prone to misuse, or used for surveillance rather than support.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that wellbeing days which allow self-care, reduction in contact hours, and peer support may promote student wellbeing, but the acceptability of any interventions is influenced by relationships between students and staff, and with peers. Further research is recommended to investigate the relationship between trust, perceptions of wellbeing in self and peers, and the effectiveness of wellbeing interventions.
A low cartilage formation and repair endotype predicts radiographic progression of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Luo Yunyun , Samuels Jonathan , Krasnokutsky Svetlana , Byrjalsen Inger , Kraus Virginia B. , He Yi , Karsdal Morten A. , Abramson Steven B. , Attur Mukundan , Bay-Jensen Anne C. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease with multiple endotypes. A hallmark of OA is loss of cartilage; however, it is evident that the rate of cartilage loss differs among patients, which may partly be attributed to differential capacity for cartilage repair. We hypothesize that a low cartilage repair endotype exists and that such endotypes are more likely to progress radiographically. The aim of this study was to examine the associations of level of cartilage formation with OA severity and radiographic OA progression. We used the blood-based marker PRO-C2, reflecting type II collagen formation, to assess levels of cartilage formation. Methods: The type II collagen propeptide PRO-C2 was measured in the serum/plasma of knee OA subjects from New York University (NYU, n=106) and a subcohort of the phase III oral salmon calcitonin (sCT) trial SMC021-2301 (SMC, n=147). The risk of radiographic medial joint space narrowing (JSN) over 24 months was compared between quartiles (very low, low, moderate, and high) of PRO-C2. Progression was defined as two-year JSN > 0.35 mm. Associations were adjusted for age, gender, BMI, race, baseline pain levels, and baseline joint space width.Results: In both the NYU and SMC cohorts, subjects with low PRO-C2 levels had greater JSN compared to subjects with high PRO-C2. The mean difference in JSN between subjects with very low and high levels of PRO-C2 was 0.65 mm (p = 0.002), corresponding to a 3.4 [1.4 – 8.6]-fold higher risk of progression. There was no significant effect of sCT treatment, compared to placebo, on JSN over two years before stratification based on baseline PRO-C2. However, there were proportionately fewer progressors in the sCT arm of the very low/low PRO-C2 group compared to the moderate/high group (chi-squared = 6.5, p = 0.011). Conclusions: Serum/plasma level of type II collagen formation, PRO-C2, may be an objective indicator of a low cartilage repair endotype, displaying radiographic progression and superior response to a proanabolic drug.
Establishment of Z score reference of growth parameters for Egyptian school children and adolescents aged from 5 to 19 years: a cross sectional study
Authors: El-Shafie Ali M , Omar Zein A , elbazzar ahmed N , Kasemy Zeinab A , Bahbah wael A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Growth charts are an important method for evaluating a child's health, nutrition and development. Objective: To establish Lambda – Mu- Sigma (LMS) and Z score references for assessment of growth and nutrition in Egyptian school children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 31,416 Egyptian school children and adolescents from 5years to 19 years were enrolled in a cross sectional randomized study from December 2017 to November 2019 to create LMS and Z score references for weight, height and body mass index (BMI) corresponding to ages. They were selected from different districts in Egypt. Apparent Healthy children with good nutritional history and not suffering from any chronic diseases were included in the study. Results: Egyptian children of both sexes (56.7% boys and 43.3% girls) from 5 years to 19 years old were studied. Then LMS and Z scores for weight for age, height for age, BMI for age of both sexes were represented in detailed tables and graphs. There was no statistically significant difference between the Egyptian Z score charts and the reference values of WHO for weight, height and BMI corresponding to age (P>0.05). Conclusion: This is the first reference for growth and nutritional assessment in Egyptian school children and adolescents, this tool is essential for healthcare and research. In case of absence of these local charts, we recommend to use the WHO references values rather than other local charts. Key words: Adolescent - Egyptian Z score -Growth parameters- School children
Metabolic enzyme clustering by coiled coils improves the biosynthesis of resveratrol and mevalonate
Authors: Fink Tina , Stevović Bojana , Verwaal René , Roubos Johannes A. , Gaber Rok , Benčina Mojca , Jerala Roman , Gradišar Helena 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The clustering of biosynthetic enzymes is used in nature to channel reaction products and increase the yield of compounds produced by multiple reaction steps. The coupling of multiple enzymes has been shown to increase the biosynthetic product yield. Different clustering strategies have particular advantages as the spatial organization of multiple enzymes creates biocatalytic cascades with a higher efficiency of biochemical reaction. However, there are also some drawbacks, such as misfolding and the variable stability of interaction domains, which may differ between particular biosynthetic reactions and the host organism. Here, we compared different protein-based clustering strategies, including direct fusion, fusion mediated by intein, and noncovalent interactions mediated through small coiled-coil dimer-forming domains. The clustering of enzymes through orthogonally designed coiled-coil interaction domains increased the production of resveratrol in Escherichia coli more than the intein-mediated fusion of biosynthetic enzymes. The improvement of resveratrol production correlated with the stability of the coiled-coil dimers. The coiled-coil fusion-based approach also increased mevalonate production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , thus demonstrating the wider applicability of this strategy.
Acetate Ringer's solution versus 0.9% saline for septic patients: study protocol for a randomized controlled multicenter crossover trial
Authors: Liu Fang , Zhang Jing , Zhu Yuan , Su Lianjiu , Li Yiming , He Li , Yu Li , Peng Zhiyong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The previous study demonstrated that there were no significant differences between saline and balanced crystalloid solution infused in critical illness. However, the sepsis subgroup analysis showed the statistical difference. Thus, we will specifically focus on septic patients in this study to compare the effects of saline and balanced solution. We hypothesize that effects of saline on acute kidney injury (AKI) are related to the underline AKI severity and total volumes of infusion. Methods/design: The investigators designed a pragmatic, multi-centered crossover trial recruiting 312 patients who are diagnosed as sepsis/septic shock in the intensive care unit (ICU) and will be assigned with either acetate Ringer's solution or saline in the corresponding month. Patients with an end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or who need renal replacement therapy (RRT) prior to or at the time of enrollment are excluded. Enrolled patients will be regarded as with mild, moderate or severe sepsis on the basis of the severity of their illness, and will be divided into subgroups according to their initial renal function and various intravenous infusion volumes when being analyzed. The primary outcome is major adverse kidney events (MAKE), including the composite of in-hospital death, receipt of new renal replacement therapy, or persistent renal dysfunction. Secondary outcomes include 28 days-mortality, internal environment disturbance, incidence and duration of vasoactive drug treatment, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of RRT and ICU and hospital length of stay. Results and Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study will be the first to focus on septic patients and provide credible and evident data on the comparison of outcome between acetate Ringer’s solution and saline for intravenous infusion in adult septic patients on the basis of baseline renal function and infusion volumes taken into consideration. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifiers: NCT03685214. Registered on August 15, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03685214 Keywords: sepsis; septic shock; acute kidney injury; saline; acetate Ringer's solution.
The mental health of neurological doctors and nurses in Hunan Province, China, during the COVID-19 outbreak
Authors: Chen Changqing , Ning Xianjun , Yu Fang , Huang Qin , Li Xi , Luo Yunfang , Huang Qing 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in neurological doctors and nurses in Hunan Province, China, during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among neurological doctors and nurses in Hunan Province. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed by the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety scale (SAS) and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS).Results: The average SAS standard scores of neurological physicians were 41.33 ± 8.98, higher than Chinese national norms. The prevalence of anxiety (defined as a total score ≥50 on the SAS) and depression (defined as a total score ≥53 on the SDS) in nurses (20.3%, 30.2%) was higher than in doctors (12.6%, 20.2%). Logistic regression analysis showed that attitude toward the risk of infection due to the shortage of protective equipment was independently associated with anxiety among neurological staff (OR = 2.004, 95% CI: 1.257 - 3.193).Conclusions: Symptoms of anxiety and depression were more prevalent among neurological nurses than doctors in Hunan Province. The shortage of protective equipment led to anxiety in the medical staff of neurology departments, which merits attention during the battle against COVID-19.
A rapid screening model for early predicting novel coronavirus pneumonia in Zhejiang Province of China: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Dai Yi-Ning , Zheng Wei , Wu Qing-Qing , Hui Tian-Chen , Bao Su-Xia , Tong Yong-Xi , Chen Guo-Bo , Sun Nan-Nan , Wu Wen-Hao , Huang Yi-Cheng , Yin Qiao-Qiao , Wu Li-Juan , Yu Li-Xia , Shi Ji-Chan , Fang Nian , Shen Yue-Fei , Xie Xin-Sheng , Ma Chun-Lian , Yu Wan-Jun , Tu Wen-Hui , Yan Rong , Wang Ming-Shan , Chen Mei-Juan , Zhang Jia-Jie , Ju Bin , Gao Hai-Nv , Huang Hai-Jun , Li Lan-Juan , Pan Hong-Ying 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has been widely spread in China and several other countries. Early finding of this pneumonia from huge numbers of suspects gives clinicians a big challenge. The aim of the study was to develop a rapid screening model for early predicting NCP in a Zhejiang population, as well as its utility in other areas. A total of 880 participants who were initially suspected of NCP from Jan 17 to Feb 19 were included. Potential predictors were selected via stepwise logistic regression analysis. The model was established based on epidemiological features, clinical manifestations, white blood cell count, and pulmonary imaging changes, with the area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of 0.920 (95% confidence interval: 0.902-0.938; AUROC=0.915, and its standard deviation of 0.028, as evaluated in 5-fold cross-validation). At a value of whether the predicted score >4.0, the model could detect NCP with a specificity of 98.3%; at a cut-off value of < -0.5, the model could rule out NCP with a sensitivity of 97.9%. The study demonstrated that the rapid screening model was a helpful and cost-effective tool for early predicting NCP and had great clinical significance given the high activity of NCP.
Let there be water: How hydration/dehydration reactions accompany key Earth and life processes#
Authors: Brovarone Alberto Vitale , Butch Christopher J. , Ciappa Alessandra , Cleaves Henderson J. , Elmaleh Agnès , Faccenda Manuele , Feineman Maureen , Hermann Jörg , Nestola Fabrizio , Cordone Angelina , Giovannelli Donato 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWater plays a key role in shaping our planet and making life possible. Given the abundance of water on Earth's surface and in its interior, chemical reactions involving water, namely hydration and dehydration reactions, feature prominently in nature and are critical to the complex set of geochemical and biochemical reactions that make our planet unique. This paper highlights some fundamental aspects of hydration and dehydration reactions in the solid Earth, biology, and man-made materials, as well as their connections to carbon cycling on our planet.
Calculation of water environmental capacity of large shallow lakes – a case study of Taihu Lake
Authors: Hu Kaiming , Wang Yunyan , Feng Bin , Wu Dan , Tong Yifan , Zhang Xiaoqiang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Lake currents have an important impact on distribution of pollutant concentrations in large shallow lakes. Taking Taihu Lake as an example, in view of the characteristics of wind-driven water flow in the lake, this paper puts forward a water environmental capacity calculation method that uses wind direction and wind speed combined frequency to provide joint correction and pollution zone control for the designed hydrological conditions. In the study, the total length of the pollution belt was controlled to be 10% of the length of the study area, and a mathematical model of two-dimensional unsteady water quantity and quality in Taihu Lake was established. By analyzing the hydrological water quality characteristics and measured data of Taihu Lake in recent years, the flow field and concentration field were simulated and verified, the mathematical model and the plausibility of the parameters were calibrated. The water environmental capacity of Taihu Lake basin was calculated by this method. The calculated results showed that the water environmental capacity of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) in Taihu Lake were 113,331 t·a−1, 479 t·a−1 and 6,521 t·a−1. By providing a technical basis for total pollutant control and management in Taihu Lake basin, this study is conducive to the planning and management of water environment.
Pricing of grid electricity of reservoir power plants based on quantification of the values of positive externality factors
Authors: Li Bin , Chen Shijun , Huang Weibin , Ma Guangwen , Hu Yanlong , Ye Yujian 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Hydropower is a clean, low-carbon renewable energy source with the merits of mature technology and flexible operation. Moreover, hydropower plants provide comprehensive utilization functions in many areas, including flood control, shipping, and emission reduction. In the current contradictive situation between power supply and demand, China's hydropower grid pricing mechanism does not reflect the positive externality of hydropower, which is not conducive to fair competition between hydropower and other power sources. This study proposed the concept of the positive external electricity price (PEEP) and a pricing mechanism that considered, for the first time, the values of hydropower positive externality factors by using the positive externality theory. A representative quasi-public welfare power plant of the Sichuan power grid was used to empirically evaluate the model. The pricing mechanism of reservoir power plants proposed in this paper considered the power grid benefits, flood control benefits, shipping benefits, and emission reduction benefits of hydropower, and allowed for the internalization of the positive externality. The hydropower grid prices based on our recommendations did not cause a dramatic impact on the local power grid; furthermore, the model helped promote the social responsibility of power companies through the pricing guidance for improving economic benefits by increasing positive externalities.