bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative proteomics reveals unexpected quantitative phosphorylation differences linked to platelet activation state
Authors: Schmidt G. J. , Reumiller C. M. , Ercan H. , Resch U. , Butt E. , Heber S. , Liutkevičiūte Z. , Basílio J. , Schmid J. A. , Assinger A. , Jilma B. , Zellner M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThere is a need to assess platelet activation in patients with thrombotic disorders. P-selectin and activated integrin αIIbβ3 are usually quantified by flow cytometry to measure platelet activation. Monitoring changes in vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) phosphorylation is an established method to determine the platelet-reactivity status. To study disruptions of platelet reactivity more comprehensively, we compared the human non-secretory platelet proteome after in-vitro -activation and –inhibition with their respective untreated controls using unbiased fluorescence two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis. The non-secretory platelet proteome was more severely affected during inhibition than during activation. Strikingly, while VASP reached a 1.3-fold increase in phosphorylation levels in inhibited platelets, other protein kinase A targets showed several-fold stronger inhibition-induced phosphorylation levels, including LIM and SH3 domain protein 1 (6.7-fold), Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 2 (4.6-fold), and Ras-related protein Rap1b (4.1-fold). Moreover, phosphorylation of integrin-linked protein kinase (ILK) and pleckstrin (PLEK) species was associated with P-selectin surface expression. The discrimination power between activation and inhibition was more pronounced for dephosphorylated ILK (3.79 Cohen’s d effect size) and phosphorylated PLEK (3.77) species than for P-selectin (2.35). These data reveal new insights into the quantitative changes of the platelet reactivity proteome and suggest powerful alternatives to characterise their activation and inactivation potential.
Screening of biomarkers of drug resistance or virulence in ESCAPE pathogens by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry
Authors: Flores-Treviño Samantha , Garza-González Elvira , Mendoza-Olazarán Soraya , Morfín-Otero Rayo , Camacho-Ortiz Adrián , Rodríguez-Noriega Eduardo , Martínez-Meléndez Adrián , Bocanegra-Ibarias Paola 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRapid identification and characterisation of drug-resistant bacterial pathogens have an important role in diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship. Response time in the diagnosis of not only the etiological agent but also in antimicrobial susceptibility results is of utmost importance in patient treatment. In this study, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation–time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) was used to screen for biomarkers of ESCAPE (vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, hypervirulent NAP1/ribotype 027 Clostridioides [Clostridium] difficile, multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae) pathogens to predict antimicrobial resistance or hypervirulence. Several biomarkers of drug-resistant genotypes in S. aureus, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae, as well as hypervirulence in C. difficile, were detected. The fastest possible susceptibility testing with MALDI-TOF MS is simultaneous detection of a characteristic drug-resistant peak and species identification in the same spectra generated in routine processing. According to our approach, resistance or virulence biomarker peaks can be identified while performing routine microbiology analysis, and no additional assays nor prolonged incubation time is needed. Outstanding biomarker peaks detected in our study should be further analysed by additional methods to identify the specific proteins involved.
Nectin-4 cis-interacts with ErbB2 and its trastuzumab-resistant splice variants, enhancing their activation and DNA synthesis
Authors: Kedashiro Shin , Sugiura Ayumu , Mizutani Kiyohito , Takai Yoshimi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNectin-4 cell adhesion molecule and ErbB2 tyrosine kinase receptor are upregulated in many cancers, including breast cancer, and promote cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Using human breast cancer cell lines T47D and SUM190-PT, in which both nectin-4 and ErbB2 were upregulated, we showed here that nectin-4 cis-interacted with ErB2 and enhanced its dimerization and activation, followed by the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT signalling pathway for DNA synthesis. The third immunoglobulin-like domain of nectin-4 cis-interacted with domain IV of ErbB2. This region differs from the trastuzumab-interacting region but is included in the trastuzumab-resistant splice variants of ErbB2, p95-ErbB2 and ErbB2ΔEx16. Nectin-4 also cis-interacted with these trastuzumab-resistant splice variants and enhanced the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase-AKT signalling pathway for DNA synthesis. In addition, nectin-4 enhanced the activation of the p95-ErbB2-induced JAK-STAT3 signalling pathway, but not the ErbB2- or ErbB2ΔEx16-induced JAK-STAT3 signalling pathway. These results indicate that nectin-4 cis-interacts with ErbB2 and its trastuzumab-resistant splice variants and enhances the activation of these receptors and downstream signalling pathways in a novel mechanism.
Murine infection with bioluminescent Leishmania infantum axenic amastigotes applied to drug discovery
Authors: Mendes Costa David , Cecílio Pedro , Santarém Nuno , Cordeiro-da-Silva Anabela , Tavares Joana 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLeishmaniasis is an important vector-borne neglected tropical disease caused by Leishmania parasites. Current anti-Leishmania chemotherapy is unsatisfactory, justifying the continued search for alternative treatment options. Herein, we demonstrate that luciferase-expressing Leishmania infantum axenic amastigotes, unlike promastigotes, are highly infectious to BALB/c mice and thus generate a robust bioluminescent signal in target organs, such as the liver and the spleen, as early as two weeks after infection. Treatment with the reference drugs amphotericin B and miltefosine was effective at reducing parasite burdens. This model allows the assessment of treatment efficacy using whole-mouse bioluminescence imaging without the need to wait several weeks for spleen infections to be detectable by this non-invasive method. In conclusion, we propose the use of this model in an initial approach to evaluate the treatment efficacy of promising chemical entities without having to sacrifice large numbers of animals or to wait several days for a readout.
A novel application of Gini coefficient for the quantitative measurement of bacterial aggregation
Authors: Cai Yu-ming , Chatelet David S. , Howlin Robert P. , Wang Zhi-zhong , Webb Jeremy S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNon-surface attached bacterial aggregates are frequently found in clinical settings associated with chronic infections. Current methods quantifying the extent to which a suspended bacterial population is aggregated mainly rely on: (1) cell size distribution curves that are difficult to be compared numerically among large-scale samples; (2) the average size/proportion of aggregates in a population that do not specify the aggregation patterns. Here we introduce a novel application of Gini coefficient, herein named Aggregation Coefficient (AC), to quantify the aggregation levels of cystic fibrosis Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CF-PA) isolates in vitro using 3D micrographs, Fiji and MATLAB. Different aggregation patterns of five strains were compared statistically using the numerical AC indexes, which correlated well with the size distribution curves plotted by different biovolumes of aggregates. To test the sensitivity of AC, aggregates of the same strains were treated with nitric oxide (NO), a dispersal agent that reduces the biomass of surface attached biofilms. Strains unresponsive to NO were reflected by comparable AC indexes, while those undergoing dispersal showed a significant reduction in AC index, mirroring the changes in average aggregate sizes and proportions. Therefore, AC provides simpler and more descriptive numerical outputs for measuring different aggregation patterns compared to current approaches.
Inline cartridge extraction for rapid brain tumor tissue identification by molecular profiling
Authors: Pekov Stanislav I. , Eliferov Vasily A. , Sorokin Anatoly A. , Shurkhay Vsevolod A. , Zhvansky Evgeny S. , Vorobyev Alexander S. , Potapov Alexander A. , Nikolaev Eugene N. , Popov Igor A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe development of perspective diagnostic techniques in medicine requires efficient high-throughput biological sample analysis methods. Here, we present an inline cartridge extraction that facilitates the screening rate of mass spectrometry shotgun lipidomic analysis of tissue samples. We illustrate the method by its application to tumor tissue identification in neurosurgery. In perspective, this high-performance method provides new possibilities for the investigation of cancer pathogenesis and metabolic disorders.
Happy birthday, ultra-cold neutron!∗
Authors: Abele Hartmut , Jenke Tobias , Lemmel Hartmut 
Published: December 2019

What is driving the accelerated expansion of the universe and do we have an alternative for Einstein's cosmological constant? What is dark matter made of? Do extra dimensions of space and time exist? Is there a preferred frame in the universe? To which extent is left-handedness a preferred symmetry in nature? What's the origin of the baryon asymmetry in the universe? These fundamental and open questions are addressed by precision experiments using ultra-cold neutrons. This year, we celebrate the 50th anniversary of their first production, followed by first pioneering experiments. Actually, ultra-cold neutrons were discovered twice in the same year – once in the eastern and once in the western world [1, 2]. For five decades now research projects with ultra-cold neutrons have contributed to the determination of the force constants of nature's fundamental interactions, and several technological breakthroughs in precision allow to address the open questions by putting them to experimental test. To mark the event and tribute to this fabulous object, we present a birthday song for ultra-cold neutrons with acoustic resonant transitions [3], which are based solely on properties of ultra-cold neutrons, the inertial and gravitational mass of the neutron m, Planck's constant h, and the local gravity g. We make use of a musical intonation system that bears no relation to basic notation and basic musical theory as applied and used elsewhere [4] but addresses two fundamental problems of music theory, the problem of reference for the concert pitch and the problem of intonation.
Searches for sterile neutrinos at the DANSS experiment
Authors: Shirchenko Mark , Skrobova Nataliya 
Published: December 2019

DANSS is a highly segmented 1 m3 plastic scintillator detector. The DANSS detector is placed under an industrial 3.1 GWth reactor of the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant 350 km NW from Moscow. The distance to the core is varied on-line from 10.7 m to 12.7 m. The reactor building provides about 50 m water-equivalent shielding against the cosmic background. DANSS detects almost 5000 νe per day at the closest position with the cosmic background less than 3%. The inverse beta decay process is used to detect νe. Sterile neutrinos are searched for assuming the 4ν model (3 active and 1 sterile ν). The exclusion area in the Δm142,sin22θ14 plane is obtained using a ratio of positron energy spectra collected at different distances. Therefore results do not depend on the shape and normalization of the reactor νe spectrum nor the detector efficiency. Results are based on 966 thousand antineutrino events collected at three different distances from the reactor core. The excluded area covers a wide range of the sterile neutrino parameters down to sin22θ14 < 0.01 in the most sensitive region.
Chemotherapie eines Endometriumkarzinoms
Authors: Holzhauer Peter 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Jahren haben die Erkenntnisse über die Zusammensetzung des humanen Mikrobioms mit seinen vielfältigen Interaktionen und Stoffwechselleistungen zunehmend auch Einfluss auf praxisrelevante Therapieentscheidungen zur Folge. Das trifft in ganz besonderem Maße für den Bereich der Onkologie zu 2
8
9. Neben operativen und strahlentherapeutischen Eingriffen bewirkt besonders der durch zahlreiche Innovationen gekennzeichnete Bereich der medikamentösen Tumortherapie oft ungewollte, aber nicht selten gravierende, und nicht auf den ersten diagnostischen Blick erkennbare negative Einflüsse auf das gesamte Mikrobiom. Unerwünschte Wirkungen hat auch die begleitende Supportivtherapie, die bei ohnehin häufig immunsupprimierten Patienten sehr intensiv Antibiotika und andere auf die Darmbesiedelung Einfluss nehmende Medikamente einsetzt. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird in dieser Fallbeschreibung der zytostatische Behandlungsverlauf einer Patientin mit Endometriumkarzinom in einer adjuvanten Therapiesituation beschrieben. Nach Abschluss der zytotoxischen Behandlung erfolgten eine Mikrobiomanalyse sowie eine daran adapierte Rekonstitution des alterierten Mikrobioms.
Sedentäres Verhalten reduzieren – eine neue und eigenständige Perspektive in der Bewegungsförderung
Authors: Vondung Catherina , Bucksch Jens 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungVor dem Hintergrund eines voranschreitenden technischen Fortschritts sowie sozialer und ökonomischer Veränderungen innerhalb der letzten Jahrzehnte ist die Reduzierung von sedentärem Verhalten eine neue Perspektive, die für alle Altersgruppen an Relevanz gewinnt. Sedentäres Verhalten ist mittlerweile als Risikofaktor für die psychische (z. B. Selbstwertgefühl, Depression und Schlafprobleme), physische (z. B. Übergewicht, Fitnesszustand, Knochengesundheit und Marker des kardiometabolischen Risikos) und sozioemotionale (z. B. prosoziales Verhalten und akademischer Erfolg) Gesundheit etabliert. Die Zusammenhänge sind in relativer Unabhängigkeit vom Bewegungsverhalten anzusehen und auch können das sitzende Verhalten und das Bewegungsverhalten im Tagesverlauf beide in vielfältiger Form nebeneinander auftreten. Dennoch steht die Förderung von Bewegung oft im Fokus von Interventionsvorhaben, auch um sedentäres Verhalten zu reduzieren. Bisherige Interventionen, die sedentäres Verhalten reduzieren, zeigen sich jedoch insbesondere dann erfolgreich, wenn das sitzende Verhalten direkt und die kontextspezifische Einbeziehung der Umwelt fokussiert werden. Sedentäres Verhalten zu reduzieren ist nicht zuletzt aus dieser Erkenntnis eine eigenständige, aber bislang vernachlässigte Perspektive in der Bewegungsförderung. Diese neue Perspektive bietet das Potenzial, die Verwendung der täglichen Zeit weg von hohen Sitzzeiten hin zu vermehrter Alltagsaktivität zu verschieben und damit auch gesundheitliche Zusammenhänge zu verbessern.
Blaschkolinearer akantholytischer dyskeratotischer epidermaler Nävus bei einem Säugling
Authors: Müller C. S. L. , Vogt T. 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungVorgestellt wird ein 3 Monate alter Säugling mit seit Geburt bestehenden linearen Hautveränderungen am Bein, welche sich histologisch als akantholytischer dyskeratotischer epidermaler Nävus (ADEN) bestätigen ließen. Zusammenfassend ist der ADEN eine seltene Malformation, welche unmittelbar nach Geburt klinisch auffällt und sich ausschließlich durch den histologischen Befund einer fokalen akantholytischen Dyskeratose beweisen lässt bzw. die übrigen histologischen Differenzialdiagnosen einer akantholytischen Dyskeratose durch die klinische Umfeldbefundung auszuschließen sind.
Intestinales Mikrobiom und humanes Metabolom
Authors: Schütz Burkhard , Hofmann Heiko , Kuenen Ricarda 
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungDie mikrobielle Besiedlung des Darmes (intestinales Mikrobiom) beeinflusst die Gesundheit des gesamten Organismus. Je nach Zusammensetzung des Mikrobioms ergeben sich unterschiedliche Stoffwechselprozesse im Darm (Metabolom), die wiederum zu unterschiedlichen Stoffwechselprodukten, den Metaboliten, führen. In Abhängigkeit des intestinalen Mikrobioms und Metaboloms ergibt sich ein bestimmtes Metaboliten-Profil, welches bei der Entstehung und dem Verlauf diverser Erkrankungen eine bedeutende Rolle spielen kann, auch bei onkologischen Erkrankungen. Mit dem Wissen dieser bisher nicht bekannten biochemischen Zusammenhänge eröffnen sich neue und ursachenorientierte therapeutische Möglichkeiten in der Behandlung und Prävention von onkologischen Fällen. In diesem Artikel stellen wir inzwischen gut erforschte Wechselwirkungen zwischen intestinalem Mikrobiom und der humanen Darmmucosa, dem Gallensäuren-Stoffwechsel, der Biotransformation und Ausscheidung von Hormonen, Toxinen und mehr vor. Auch Mikrobiomeinflüsse auf Nahrungsbestandteile (z. B. Lecithin, Carnitin, Cholin u. a.) und Tryptophanmetabolismus werden erörtert.
Halogens—‘Letting go’ of the ‘Ex Factor’
Authors: Acharya Anit 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe halogens according to their position in the periodic table belong to Group VIIA, which means they have seven valence electrons and need an additional electron to complete the octet, which shows their quick reactive ability. Likewise, when these chemical properties of halogens are correlated with the psyche of groups, their core theme is deduced to be feeling of being betrayed or being hurt. To cope with such feelings, they cling to those around them, so as to avoid breaking the relationship, they grab things they desire for and try to flee that can cause them to face the rejection. They realise their mistake when condemned, so they stop their effort of struggling and ‘Let Go’ of the situation; to this they react in a repulsive manner. These are the failed sides of halogens. The prefix at this stage is 'ex' factors, that is, exile, extravagant, expelled, excommunicated, expiry and extortion. The halogens and other anions feel that to avoid the hurt, they must do something; for that they are termed as ‘doer's’. So, understanding the halogens with the psyche perspective makes our approach convergent.
Transnasal Esophageal Stricture Dilatation using Savary–Gilliard Dilator System—A Novel Approach
Authors: Goyal Kartik , Bhargava Narender , Dadhich Sunil , Kumar Naveen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTransnasal esophagoscopy is office-based procedure, used by otolarynologists and gastroenterologists for evaluation of dysphagia, odynophagia, esophageal stricture dilatations, and other numerous indications. Through the scope (TTS) balloon dilatation using ultrathin gastroscope is routine practice in patients with esophageal stricture (ES). Here, we are highlighting a case of post corrosive esophageal stricture with inadequate mouth opening dilated using savary gilliard (SG) dilator system transnasally.
Effect of Suppressed Emotions on Health—Homoeopathic Aspect
Authors: Bawaskar Ramesh Supadu , Shinde Vaishali Haribhau 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe disease pattern shifting nowadays is beyond the epidemiologic transition theory. The multifarious change in patterns of health and disease depends on demographic, psychological and socio-economical determinants and their consequences. It is strongly evident that disease pattern is shifting from communicable to lifestyle diseases.There is an association between mental well-being and the immune system, which can be either overactive or suppressed, leading to related diseases disturbance of mind–body axis that has an effect on several aspects of the immune reaction through behavioural, neural and endocrine reactions to stimuli.
Gall Bladder Drainage for Acute Cholecystitis in Surgically Unfit Patients: Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Transmural Drainage or Endoscopic Transpapillary Drainage!
Authors: Shah Jimil , Rana Surinder S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAcute cholecystitis (AC) is a potentially serious condition that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice of AC in surgically fit candidates. However, high-risk surgical patients with AC are a therapeutic dilemma. Various alternative treatment options available include percutaneous transhepatic cholecystostomy (PTC), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided gall bladder (GB) drainage or endoscopic transpapillary drainage of GB. Due to higher complication, unplanned hospital readmission rate, risk of tube dislodgement, and high risk of recurrent acute cholecystitis associated with PTC, endoscopic drainage GB is the preferred, minimally invasive treatment option. Both endoscopic transpapillary GB drainage as well as EUS-guided transmural drainage of GB are effective GB drainage options, but both of them have not been compared in terms of their efficacy and safety. In this news and views, we have discussed two interesting articles which have compared EUS-guided GB drainage and endoscopic transpapillary drainage.
THE PROPERDIN SYSTEM AND IMMUNITY
Authors: Pillemer Louis , Blum Livia , Lepow Irwin H. , Wurz Leona , Todd Earl W. 
Published: December 2019

Page 2, line 18, for 5.0 '' M MgCl2, read 5.0 ml. M MgCl2.
Page 2, line 19, for 1.5 '' M CaCl2, read 1.5 ml. M CaCl2.
ON THE ROLE OF VIRUS SULFHYDRYL GROUPS IN THE ATTACHMENT OF ENTEROVIRUSES TO ERYTHROCYTES
Authors: Philipson Lennart , Choppin Purnell W. 
Published: December 2019

Many animal viruses possess the ability to agglutinate erythrocytes. In most but not all cases hemagglutination is due to the virus particle itself, and appears to result from the mechanical bridging of two or more erythrocytes by virus particles which attach to receptor sites on each erythrocyte (1, 2). Thus, attachment of virus particles to erythrocytes is a prerequisite for hemagglutination, and prevention of absorption of virus prevents hemagglutination.
Among the enteroviruses, many ECHO viruses and some strains of Coxsackie B3 virus agglutinate human erythrocytes (3-7), and the evidence indicates that hemagglutination is due to the virus particle itself (3, 5, 6). The precise mechanism of attachment of enteroviruses to cells is unknown. Chymotrypsin treatment of erythrocytes prevents the absorption of some ECHO viruses (8). This suggests that the receptor sites on the erythrocyte may be at least in part protein in nature.
The present communication is concerned with the mechanism of attachment of enteroviruses to cells. It is shown that sulfhydryl reagents block the hemagglutinating activity of enteroviruses. Treated virus fails to absorb to erythrocytes. Thiol compounds restore the hemagglutinating activity of enteroviruses treated with mercaptide-forming sulfhydryl reagents. The effect of sulfhydryl reagents on the infectivity of some enteroviruses is also described.
C1q PRECIPITINS IN THE SERA OF PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AND OTHER HYPOCOMPLEMENTEMIC STATES: CHARACTERIZATION OF HIGH AND LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT TYPES
Authors: Agnello V. , Koffler D. , Eisenberg J. W. , Winchester R. J. , Kunkel H. G. 
Published: December 2019

Precipitin reactions of C1q in gel diffusion proved useful in detecting unknown complexes containing γ-globulin in the sera of patients with SLE. Using this method low molecular weight C1q reactants also have been detected in a number of sera from patients with SLE as well as other diseases. Both the circulating complexes and the unidentified low molecular weight reactants are associated with disease activity and in vivo complement depression.
In some sera from patients with SLE, circulating complexes as detectable by C1q precipitation were closely associated with cryoprecipitins and an active nephritic process. Evidence is presented that both rheumatoid factors and C1q interact with circulating complexes in these patients and that the interaction is related to cryoprecipitation. The demonstration of the same rheumatoid factors in the cryoprecipitates and in the renal glomerular deposits suggests that rheumatoid factors have a special significance in the presence of circulating complexes.