bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inappropriate initial urinary catheter placement among older Chinese hospital inpatients: An observational study
Authors: Jiang Wei , Song Yunling , Zhang Huanhuan , Huang Rongzhong , Yin Ying , Tan Botao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this study is to evaluate incidences of inappropriate initial urinary catheter placements within an older inpatient cohort.MethodsA total of 200 inpatients that received urinary catheterizations within 24 hours of admission were recruited for this observational study. The key demographic and clinical factors were recorded. Adverse outcomes were assessed by examining incidences of catheter‐associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) during hospitalization, after transfer to skilled nursing facilities, second, duration of hospital stay and by scoring changes on the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living. Correlative relationships between demographic data and clinical factors with adverse outcomes were analyzed.ResultsInappropriate initial urinary catheterization in our cohort was approximately 39%. This was associated with elevated Charlson comorbidity index scores and increased dependency, with correlations to medical diagnosis. We also observed that the primary rationale for the procedure (inappropriate catheterization) was for neurogenic bladder (where intermittent catheterization was indicated) and in ‘convenience‐of‐care’ catheterizations. Inappropriate catheter placement was ultimately associated with an elevated CAUTI at point of discharge, with transfers to skilled nursing facilities and also with an increased duration of hospital stay.ConclusionsInappropriate catheter placement was prevalence in southwestern China and associated with adverse outcomes.
Bacillus Calmette–Guérin‐unresponsive non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer: Its definition and future therapeutic strategies
Authors: Kikuchi Eiji , Hayakawa Nozomi , Fukumoto Keishiro , Shigeta Keisuke , Matsumoto Kazuhiro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBacillus Calmette–Guérin induction with or without maintenance is the gold standard therapy for intermediate‐/high‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer; however, one‐third of patients treated with adequate bacillus Calmette–Guérin therapy do not achieve sufficient responses, and this is referred to as “bacillus Calmette–Guérin failure.” The term, bacillus Calmette–Guérin failure, is ambiguous and includes a very heterogeneous population of patients. By strictly focusing on patients who are unlikely to benefit from additional bacillus Calmette–Guérin therapy and who need to be treated with radical cystectomy, the new concept of “bacillus Calmette–Guérin unresponsive” was recently proposed, and might accelerate the development of novel therapeutic options for bacillus Calmette–Guérin‐unresponsive disease. A promising therapeutic strategy for bacillus Calmette–Guérin‐unresponsive disease is the blockade of the programmed cell death‐1/programmed cell death‐ligand 1 pathway, which is considered to be activated by bacillus Calmette–Guérin therapy. Several large clinical trials have been carried out to assess the potential of programmed cell death‐1/programmed cell death‐ligand 1 blockade in bacillus Calmette–Guérin‐naïve high‐risk non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer and bacillus Calmette–Guérin‐unresponsive disease. Furthermore, clinical trials that are targeting bacillus Calmette–Guérin‐unresponsive disease with other strategies, such as vaccines, gene therapy, and targeted and cytotoxic therapies, are ongoing. The findings of these trials are awaited in order to establish appropriate bladder‐sparing approaches for patients with bacillus Calmette–Guérin‐unresponsive disease.
Regulation of barrier immunity and homeostasis by integrin‐mediated transforming growth factor β activation
Authors: McEntee Craig P. , Gunaltay Sezin , Travis Mark A. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryTransforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, migration and death dependent on cell type, developmental stage, or tissue conditions. Various cell types secrete TGF‐β, but always as an inactive complex. Hence, for TGF‐β to function, this latent complex must somehow be activated. Work in recent years has highlighted a critical role for members of the αv integrin family, including αvβ1, αvβ3, αvβ5, αvβ6 and αvβ8 that are involved in TGF‐β activation in various contexts, particularly at barrier sites such as the gut, lung and skin. The integrins facilitating this context‐ and location‐specific regulation can be dysregulated in certain diseases, so are potential therapeutic targets in a number of disorders. In this review, we discuss the role of TGF‐β at these barrier sites with a focus on how integrin‐mediated TGF‐β activation regulates tissue and immune homeostasis, and how this is altered in disease.
Improving physical health outcomes for people with severe mental illness: A proof‐of‐concept study of nurse practitioner candidate practice
Authors: Furness Trentham , Giandinoto Jo‐Ann , Wordie‐Thompson Emily , Woolley Steve , Dempster Vesna , Foster Kim 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPeople with severe mental illness have significantly reduced life expectancy and higher risk of cardiovascular diseases than the general population. There is a critical need for quality physical health care to improve consumers’ health outcomes. There is minimal knowledge, however, on the impact of mental health nurse practitioner candidate (NPC) practices on consumers’ health outcomes. The aim of this proof‐of‐concept study was to describe the impacts of NPC practices on the quality of physical healthcare provision and physical health outcomes (cardiovascular and cardiometabolic) of consumers in community mental health service settings. Using a mixed methods design, quantitative data were collected for 12 months prior to (Period 1), and 12 months during (Period 2), the candidacy period. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of n = 10 consumers to explore their perspectives on physical healthcare provision by the NPCs. During the 12‐month candidacy period, the number of metabolic monitoring assessments rose from n = 55 in Period 1 to n = 146 in Period 2 (P < 0.01, χ2 = 41.20). Advanced practices provided by NPCs included taking an extensive holistic history and clinical examination, ordering diagnostic pathology, and clinical simulation of physical health medication prescription (under medical supervision). Analysis of consumer interviews resulted in two themes: (i) positive and helpful NPC health care and (ii) improvements in physical and mental health. The findings add new knowledge on specialist mental health nurse practitioner candidate roles and demonstrate the benefits these roles can have in reducing the significant morbidity and mortality of mental health consumers.
Hidden, visceral and traumatic: a dramaturgical approach to men talking about their penis after surgery for penile cancer
Authors: Branney Peter , Witty Karl 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDrawing upon concepts of expressive equipment and body image, the aim of this study is to explore how men diagnosed and treated for penile cancer construct their penis and its surgical disfigurement (penectomy). Using maximum variation sampling with the intention to acquire the broadest range of experiences of stage of disease and treatment, 27 cisgender men (aged 48–83, x=63) who had surgical treatment consented for their data to be archived for analysis. From a dramaturgical perspective, the constructionist thematic analysis explored direct and indirect talk about the penis after surgery. The analysis showed that through the graphic and sequential narratives of dismemberment revealed, participants constructed a post‐surgery period in which they both wanted and did not want to see their penis. Additionally, participants constructed themselves managing difficult emotions through others and seeing themselves being rejected by a potentially desiring (female) Other. The findings extend research on male genitals by showing how the post‐surgery penis can function as something hidden but visceral and traumatic when revealed. Importantly, this paper illustrates body image as expressive equipment where body and identity are formed in the image of manhood, which is an intersubjective (sexual) object between self and other.
Editing decolonised and Africanised texts for higher education institutions: a review of strategies
Authors: Scott Linda 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn South Africa there is an urgent call for decolonisation and Africanisation in academia, including appeals for Africanised research. This study aims at investigating the role of the academic editor in ensuring effective cross‐cultural collaboration to guarantee that the curricula and higher education research remain rooted in Africa. In the context of higher education, while remaining invisible, editors should ensure they do not silence the African voice and are guided by the quest for decolonisation and Africanisation of academic research. This call for social change, brought about by the student‐led 2015 #FeesMustFall protest movement, needs to be promoted through the editing processThis study, which is a preliminary investigation into possible guidelines and strategies for editors involved in editing decolonised and African texts, identified a number of strategies for further exploration, namely: a journey of self‐exploration; changing the mindset and attitude of the editor; ensuring diverse representation on editorial boards; immersion of self in the indigenous text; creating new styles and terminologies; and collaboration with authors.
PNPLA3 I148M mediates the regulatory effect of NF‐kB on inflammation in PA‐treated HepG2 cells
Authors: Yuan Shuhua , Liu Hongxia , Yuan Ding , Xu Jing , Chen Yunzhi , Xu Xiao , Xu Fen , Liang Hua 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBoth PNPLA3 I148M and hepatic inflammation are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression. This study aimed to elucidate whether PNPLA3 I148M is involved in NF‐kB‐related inflammation regulation in NAFLD. HepG2 cells homozygous for the PNPLA3 I148M mutation were used. The human PNPLA3 promoter sequence was screened for NF‐kB binding sites using the MATCH and PATCH tools. NF‐kB‐mediated transcriptional regulation of the PNPLA3 gene was assessed by luciferase reporter assay, EMSA and ChIP‐qPCR. Wild‐type (I148I) and mutant (M148M) PNPLA3 were overexpressed using stable lentivirus‐mediated transfection. The pCMV vector and siRNA were transiently transfected into cells to direct NF‐kB overexpression and PNPLA3 silencing, respectively. A putative NF‐kB binding site in the human PNPLA3 promoter was shown to be necessary for basal and NF‐kB‐driven transcriptional activation of PNPLA3 and protein/DNA complex formation. Supershift analysis demonstrated a protein/DNA complex specifically containing the NF‐kB p65 and p50 subunits. ChIP‐qPCR confirmed the endogenous binding of NF‐kB to the human PNPLA3 promoter in response to NF‐kB overexpression and palmitic acid (PA) challenge. The silencing of PNPLA3 blocked the overexpression of NF‐kB or PA‐induced TNF‐α up‐regulation. Moreover, mutant PNPLA3 overexpression prevented NF‐kB inhibitor–induced down‐regulation of TNF‐α expression in PA‐treated HepG2 cells. Finally, the overexpression of mutant but not wild‐type PNPLA3 increased TNF‐α expression and activated the ER stress–mediated and NF‐kB‐independent inflammatory IRE‐1α/JNK/c‐Jun pathway. Human PNPLA3 was shown to be a target of NF‐kB, and PNPLA3 I148M mediated the regulatory effect of NF‐kB on inflammation in PA‐treated HepG2 cells, most likely via the IRE‐1α/JNK/c‐Jun ER stress pathway.
Synergistic effect of ozonated and electrolyzed water on the inactivation kinetics of Escherichia coli on goat meat
Authors: Degala Hema L. , Scott Jasmine R. , Rico Espinoza Francisco I. , Mahapatra Ajit K. , Kannan Govind 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOzonated and electrolyzed water have been reported to have bactericidal activities against most pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms associated with fresh meat and contact surfaces in meat processing facilities at room temperature. However, antimicrobial effects of these two treatments combined are not known. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ozonated and electrolyzed water in combination for inactivating Escherichia coli K12 on goat meat. The combination of ozonated water and alkaline electrolyzed water resulted in higher log reductions (1.03 CFU/ml) compared to ozonated water alone (0.53 CFU/ml). Regression analysis performed using the GInaFiT tool showed that nonlinear Weibull models were more effective than log‐linear models for describing the inactivation kinetics of E. coli K12 on goat meat.
GP‐Led Deprescribing in Community‐Living Older Australians: An Exploratory Controlled Trial
Authors: Anderson Kristen , Freeman Christopher , Foster Michele , Scott Ian 
Published: December 2019

OBJECTIVETo assess feasibility, effectiveness, and safety of a multifaceted general practitioner (GP) led intervention to reduce potentially inappropriate polypharmacy in community‐living older people.DESIGNPragmatic, controlled, pre‐post design.SETTINGFive general practices in southeast Queensland, Australia.PARTICIPANTSTen GPs from three practices, two pharmacists, and 78 patients comprised the intervention group, and 10 GPs from two practices and 67 patients comprised the usual care group. Patients were aged 65 years or older, receiving five or more regularly prescribed medicines, and capable of participating in telephone interviews in English.INTERVENTIONA 5‐hour interactive deprescribing training workshop for clinicians; an extended deprescribing consultation between GPs and enrolled patients, entailing a comprehensive review of their medicines using a standardized software template codesigned by GPs; and comprehensive medicine review by a pharmacist, at the GP's discretion.OUTCOME MEASURESPrimary outcome was mean difference in number of regular medicines deprescribed (ie, ceased or dose reduced) per patient over an 18‐week follow‐up period. Medicine‐specific and patient‐reported outcomes, safety, and process measures were also evaluated.RESULTSAt study completion, mean (SD) number of regular medicines deprescribed per patient was 0.99 (1.23) in the intervention group vs 0.43 (0.84) in the usual care group, equaling a mean difference of 0.55 (95% confidence interval = −0.90 to −0.21; P = .002). Crude totals showed 77 of 649 (11.9%) vs 29 of 571 (5.1%) regular medicines deprescribed in intervention and usual care groups, respectively (P < .001). Supplements, gastric acid suppressants, statins, oral hypoglycemics, and diuretics were medicine classes more frequently deprescribed. There were no statistically significant between‐group differences in numbers of medicines commenced, self‐reported unplanned hospitalizations, or worsened health‐related quality of life. A subset of intervention patients reported greater certainty in the necessity and appropriateness of their medicines at study end.CONCLUSIONThe deprescribing intervention appears feasible, was modestly effective, and was not associated with any major safety events. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:403–410, 2020
Exploring the provision of diabetes nutrition education by practice nurses in primary care settings
Authors: Gianfrancesco C. , Johnson M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐quality nutrition education is recommended as an essential component of diabetes care. In the UK, there has been a gradual shift of inter‐professional boundaries with respect to providing nutritional care for people with type 2 diabetes. Only a minority now regularly receive advice from a dietitian. Instead, increased demands for nutrition education are being absorbed by practice nurses. The present study seeks to explore this situation through the views of practice nurses on the services that they provide and the issues they face.MethodsA qualitative approach using semi‐structured interviews was employed. Practice nurses were recruited using purposive sampling, and nine were interviewed. Data were analysed using the Framework Method. The Theoretical Domains Framework from the COM‐B (‘capability’, ‘opportunity’, ‘motivation’ and ‘behaviour’) model of behaviour change, as increasingly employed to explore the behaviour of healthcare professionals, was used to further frame the findings.ResultsPractice nurses reported that ongoing diabetes nutrition education only took place at annual review appointments and was limited to 5–10 min. They described how they are expected to take on a more advanced role in diabetes nutrition education than they can provide and are becoming increasingly isolated in this role as a result of a lack of time, practical and informational support, and training standards and provision.ConclusionsA range of service improvements led by dietitians, which focus on strengthening the working environment and enhancing professional support available for practice nurses who provide diabetes nutrition education, could improve quality of care and health outcomes in people with diabetes within current time restraints.
Age‐related changes of tendon fibril micro‐morphology and gene expression
Authors: Ribitsch Iris , Gueltekin Sinan , Keith Marlies Franziska , Minichmair Kristina , Peham Christian , Jenner Florien , Egerbacher Monika 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAging is hypothesized to be associated with changes in tendon matrix composition which may lead to alteration of tendon material properties and hence propensity to injury. Altered gene expression may offer insights into disease pathophysiology and thus open new perspectives toward designing pathophysiology‐driven therapeutics. Therefore, the current study aimed at identifying naturally occurring differences in tendon micro‐morphology and gene expression of newborn, young and old horses. Age‐related differences in the distribution pattern of tendon fibril thickness and in the expression of the tendon relevant genescollagen type 1 (Col1), Col3, Col5, tenascin‐C, decorin, tenomodulin, versican, scleraxisandcartilage oligomeric matrix proteinwere investigated. A qualitative and quantitative gene expression and collagen fibril diameter analysis was performed for the most frequently injured equine tendon, the superficial digital flexor tendon, in comparison with the deep digital flexor tendon. Most analyzed genes (Col1, Col3, Col5, tenascin‐C, tenomodulin, scleraxis) were expressed at a higher level in foals (age ≤ 6 months) than in horses of 2.75 years (age at which flexor tendons become mature in structure) and older,decorinexpression increased with age. Decorin was previously reported to inhibit the lateral fusion of collagen fibrils, causing a thinner fibril diameter with increased decorin concentration. The results of this study suggested that reduction of tendon fibril diameters commonly seen in equine tendons with increasing age might be a natural age‐related phenomenon leading to greater fibril surface areas with increased fibrillar interaction and reduced sliding at the fascicular/fibrillar interface and hence a stiffer interfascicular/interfibrillar matrix. This may be a potential reason for the higher propensity to tendinopathies with increasing age.
Vichy mineralizing water with hyaluronic acid is effective and well tolerated as an adjunct to the management of various dermatoses and after esthetic procedures
Authors: Tan Jerry , Spada Julieta , Orlandi Cecilia , Kerscher Martina , Anfilova Maryna , Abdulla Sonya , Floriánová Adriana , Preisz Klaudia , Altmayer Anita , Delva Catherine , Kerob Delphine , Goldobina Maiia , Arenbergerová Monika , Tuz Svyatoslav , Araviiskaia Elena 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntroductionM89, containing 89% of Vichy mineralizing water and hyaluronic acid, has been developed to reinforce the skin barrier and to improve skin quality.AimTo assess efficacy and tolerability of M89.MethodObservational survey of subjects with facial dermatoses or after esthetic procedures. M89 served as adjunct to conventional therapy. Clinician assessments of erythema, desquamation, irritation and patient‐reported dryness, burning, itching, and stinging/tingling were conducted at baseline and 4 weeks. At 1 week and 4 weeks, patient assessed tolerance and satisfaction with M89.ResultsA total of 1630 subjects participated; 92.5% were females. Mean age was 41.1 ± 11.3 years. Dermatological indications accounted for 32.5%, procedures for 67.5%. At 4 weeks, in subjects with dermatoses, erythema had resolved or improved in 68.0%, desquamation in 83.4%, and irritation in 93.3%. Dryness, burning, itching, and stinging/tingling scores had decreased by 63.8%, 81.8%, 70.9%, and 85.2%, respectively (all P ≤ .0001); 75.7% considered that their skin was sufficiently hydrated. In the procedure group, erythema had resolved or improved in 72.5%, desquamation in 75.2%, and irritation in 88.1%. Dryness, burning, itching, and stinging/tingling scores had decreased by 62.1%, 78.8%, 70.0%, and 84.2%, respectively (all P ≤ .0001); 74.1% considered that their skin was sufficiently hydrated. Almost all subjects reported soothed skin and satisfaction with product texture. Subject and investigator satisfaction was very high.ConclusionM89 significantly improves skin signs and symptoms after 4 weeks of continued use with no tolerance issues in subjects with dermatological indications. Moreover, subjects who have had recently undergone esthetic procedures M89 allowed a satisfying skin recovery.
The dissimilarity between myocardial infarction patients’ and spouses’ illness perception and its relation to patients’ lifestyle
Authors: Qin Xiangjun , Chen Jing , Suo Rongfei , Feng Liqin , Zhang Yuening , Jun Yan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAim and objectivesTo examine the dissimilarity between Chinese myocardial infarction (MI) patients’ and spouses’ illness perceptions (IPs), and to explore the relationship between patients’ IP, differences in couples’ IP and patients’ lifestyle after discharge.BackgroundAn individual's IP is affected and moderated by several factors, including the social context. One of the most influential members of the social network of patients is the spouse.DesignCross‐sectional design.MethodsFrom April 2016–April 2017, 111 MI patients and their spouses were recruited. Before discharge from hospital, revised Illness Perception Questionnaire was administered to MI patients and their spouses separately. Two months after discharge, patients’ lifestyle was assessed using Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II. The manuscript was organised according to STROBE guidelines.ResultsSpouses were more likely to believe that the illness would last for a long time, and patients perceived MI as being more controllable than their spouses did. The patient–spouse dissimilarity in the perception of consequences was negatively correlated with both nutrition and stress control behaviours. Patients in couples with more dissimilar perception of environmental factors as a cause were more likely to choose a healthy diet, while patients in couples with more dissimilar perceived treatment control were more able to control stress.ConclusionThere are both similarities and dissimilarities between MI patients’ and spouses’ IP, and these dissimilarities contributed the majority of the explained variance in patients’ lifestyle after discharge.Relevance to clinical practiceWe should consider both couples when examining how a patient copes with a chronic illness.