bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pectoral nerve blocks for breast surgery
Authors: Meißner Michael , Austenfeld Ece , Kranke Peter , Zahn Peter K. , Pogatzki-Zahn Esther M. , Meyer-Frießem Christine H. , Weibel Stephanie , Schnabel Alexander 
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND
Pectoral nerve blocks (PECS block) might be an interesting new regional anaesthetic technique in patients undergoing breast surgery.

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate postoperative pain outcomes and adverse events of a PECS block compared with no treatment, sham treatment or other regional anaesthetic techniques in women undergoing breast surgery.

DESIGN
We performed a systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCT) with meta-analysis and risk of bias assessment.

DATA SOURCES
The databases MEDLINE, CENTRAL (until December 2019) and clinicaltrials.gov were systematically searched.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
All RCTs investigating the efficacy and adverse events of PECS compared with sham treatment, no treatment or other regional anaesthetic techniques in women undergoing breast surgery with general anaesthesia were included.

RESULTS
A total of 24 RCTs (1565 patients) were included. PECS (compared with no treatment) block might reduce pain at rest [mean difference −1.14, 95% confidence interval (CI), −2.1 to −0.18, moderate quality evidence] but we are uncertain regarding the effect on pain during movement at 24 h after surgery (mean difference −1.79, 95% CI, −3.5 to −0.08, very low-quality evidence). We are also uncertain about the effect of PECS block on pain at rest at 24 h compared with sham block (mean difference −0.83, 95% CI, −1.80 to 0.14) or compared with paravertebral block (PVB) (mean difference −0.18, 95% CI, −1.0 to 0.65), both with very low-quality evidence. PECS block may have no effect on pain on movement at 24 h after surgery compared with PVB block (mean difference −0.56, 95% CI, −1.53 to 0.41, low-quality evidence). Block-related complications were generally poorly reported.

CONCLUSION
There is moderate quality evidence that PECS block compared with no treatment reduces postoperative pain intensity at rest. The observed results were less pronounced if patients received a sham block. Furthermore, PECS blocks might be equally effective as PVBs. Due to mostly low-quality or very low-quality evidence level, further research is warranted.

PROTOCOL REGISTRATION
CRD42019126733.
Scleral Lens Visual Rehabilitation of Sequential Bilateral Corneal Hydrops With Post-LASIK Ectasia
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Shetty Rohit , Lalgudi Vaitheeswaran G. , Khamar Pooja , Vincent Stephen J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract:
This case report describes a unique presentation of bilateral sequential acute corneal hydrops that manifested several years after laser in situ keratomileusis. Initial management included anterior chamber perfluoropropane gas injection and corneal suturing. Longer-term visual rehabilitation involved the use of scleral lenses which significantly reduced lower- and higher-order ocular aberrations.
Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia Managed With Primary Interferon α2b: A Comparative Analysis of 212 Tumors in Smokers Versus Nonsmokers
Authors: Shields Carol L. , Paulose Sefy A. , Yaghy Antonio , Dalvin Lauren A. , Constantinescu Alexandru B. , Lally Sara E. , Shields Jerry A. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose:
To explore clinical features and outcomes of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) treated with primary interferon (IFN)-α2b, based on patient cigarette smoking status.

Methods:
Retrospective nonrandomized, interventional cohort study on 212 consecutive tumors in 194 patients, all of whom were treated with topical and/or injection IFNα2b.

Results:
There were 88 tumors in 76 patients with current or past smoking history (smokers) and 124 tumors in 118 nonsmoking patients (nonsmokers). A comparison (smokers vs. nonsmokers) revealed smokers with more frequent bilateral disease (16% vs. 3%, P = 0.003), more frequent involvement of inferior forniceal (34% vs. 21%, P = 0.03) and inferior tarsal conjunctiva (38% vs. 24%, P = 0.04), greater mean number of clock hour involvement (4.1 vs. 3.5 clock hours, P = 0.04), and greater dome growth pattern (30% vs. 15%, P = 0.01). There was no difference regarding method of IFNα2b administration as topical (61% vs. 71%, P = 0.14), injection (10% vs. 6%, P = 0.32), or combination topical/injection (28% vs. 23%, P = 0.33). A comparison revealed smokers with more frequent recurrence after initial response (23% vs. 13%, P = 0.04). There was no difference regarding initial tumor response or time to response, treatment side effects, or systemic outcomes.

Conclusions:
Regarding ocular surface squamous neoplasia, smokers more often display bilateral, dome-shaped tumors with inferior forniceal or tarsal involvement, and greater extent than nonsmokers. After treatment with topical and/or injection IFNα2b, control is equivalent, but smokers show greater recurrence.
Effect of telephone-based health education intervention models on cervical cancer screening compliance
Authors: Liu Yinchun , Zhang Qiang , Chen Yanli , Wang Chun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
Screening is an effective strategy for preventing and controlling the cervical cancer. Unfortunately, women are often less likely to adhere to cervical cancer screening procedures. Related research shows that the telephone-based health education model can improve the compliance of screening. At present, however, this practice is lack of persuasion. Therefore, this study makes a systematic meta-analysis on whether the telephone-based health education model can improve the compliance of screening by women.

Methods:
Retrievals will be made on PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and some clinical trial registration websites, and information on related randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will collected. After 2 researchers independently screen the literatures, they will extract the data and evaluate the bias risk contained in the collected studies, before meta-analysis is carried out with RevMan 5.3 software.

Results:
The available evidence will be systematically reviewed in terms of compliance with cervical cancer screening.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study will produce comprehensive evidence to identify whether the telephone-based health education model can improve women's compliance with cervical cancer screening.
Machine-learning prediction of unplanned 30-day rehospitalization using the French hospital medico-administrative database
Authors: Jaotombo Franck , Pauly Vanessa , Auquier Pascal , Orleans Veronica , Boucekine Mohamed , Fond Guillaume , Ghattas Badih , Boyer Laurent 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Predicting unplanned rehospitalizations has traditionally employed logistic regression models. Machine learning (ML) methods have been introduced in health service research and may improve the prediction of health outcomes. The objective of this work was to develop a ML model to predict 30-day all-cause rehospitalizations based on the French hospital medico-administrative database.
This was a retrospective cohort study of all discharges in the year 2015 from acute-care inpatient hospitalizations in a tertiary-care university center comprising 4 French hospitals. The study endpoint was unplanned 30-day all-cause rehospitalization. Logistic regression (LR), classification and regression trees (CART), random forest (RF), gradient boosting (GB), and neural networks (NN) were applied to the collected data. The predictive performance of the models was evaluated using the H-measure and the area under the ROC curve (AUC).
Our analysis included 118,650 hospitalizations, of which 4127 (3.5%) led to rehospitalizations via emergency departments. The RF model was the most performant model according to the H-measure (0.29) and the AUC (0.79). The performances of the RF, GB and NN models (H-measures ranged from 0.18 to 0. 29, AUC ranged from 0.74 to 0.79) were better than those of the LR model (H-measure = 0.18, AUC = 0.74); all P values <.001. In contrast, LR was superior to CART (H-measure = 0.16, AUC = 0.70), P < .0001.
The use of ML may be an alternative to regression models to predict health outcomes. The integration of ML, particularly the RF algorithm, in the prediction of unplanned rehospitalization may help health service providers target patients at high risk of rehospitalizations and propose effective interventions at the hospital level.
Application of MR diffusion imaging for non-invasive assessment of acute kidney injury after lung transplantation
Authors: Derlin Katja , Hellms Susanne , Gutberlet Marcel , Peperhove Matti , Jang Mi-Sun , Greite Robert , Hartung Dagmar , Derlin Thorsten , Fegbeutel Christine , Tudorache Igor , Jüttner Björn , Wiese Birgitt , Lichtinghagen Ralf , Haller Hermann , Haverich Axel , Wacker Frank , Warnecke Gregor , Gueler Faikah 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
To assess whether MR diffusion imaging may be applied for non-invasive detection of renal changes correlating with clinical diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients after lung transplantation (lutx).
Fifty-four patients (mean age 49.6, range 26–64 years) after lutx were enrolled in a prospective clinical study and underwent functional MR imaging of the kidneys in the early postoperative period. Baseline s-creatinine ranged from 39 to 112 μmol/L. For comparison, 14 healthy volunteers (mean age 42.1, range 24–59 years) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using the same protocol. Renal tissue injury was evaluated using quantification of diffusion and diffusion anisotropy with diffusion-weighted (DWI) and diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI). Renal function was monitored and AKI was defined according to Acute-Kidney-Injury-Network criteria. Statistical analysis comprised one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation.
67% of lutx patients (36/54) developed AKI, 47% (17/36) had AKI stage 1, 42% (15/36) AKI stage 2, and 8% (3/36) severe AKI stage 3. Renal apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were reduced in patients with AKI, but preserved in transplant patients without AKI and healthy volunteers (2.07 ± 0.02 vs 2.18 ± 0.05 vs 2.21 ± 0.03 × 10–3 mm2/s, P < .05). Diffusion anisotropy was reduced in all lutx recipients compared with healthy volunteers (AKI: 0.27 ± 0.01 vs no AKI: 0.28 ± 0.01 vs healthy: 0.33 ± 0.02; P < .01). Reduction of renal ADC correlated significantly with acute loss of renal function after lutx (decrease of renal function in the postoperative period and glomerular filtration rate on the day of MRI).
MR diffusion imaging enables non-invasive assessment of renal changes correlating with AKI early after lutx. Reduction of diffusion anisotropy was present in all patients after lutx, whereas marked reduction of renal ADC was observed only in the group of lutx recipients with AKI and correlated with renal function impairment.
T-regulatory cell/T helper 17 cell imbalance functions as prognostic biomarker of oral squamous cell carcinoma – CONSORT
Authors: Wang Lin , Zhang Yingjie , Xie Fuqiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
The role of T cells in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was clarified by examining the levels of differentiated CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T-regulatory cells (Treg cells) and CD4+IL17+ T helper 17 (Th17) cells in OSCC patients.

Methods:
Flow cytometry was conducted to measure the proportions of Treg/Th17 cells in different sample groups to identify a proper maker indicative of the progression and prognosis of OSCC.

Results:
The results showed that a higher Treg/Th17 ratio led to poorer prognosis. Also, the proportions of both Treg cells and Th17 cells were significantly elevated in OSCC patients compared with those in the control groups, suggesting a correlation between Treg/Th17 imbalance and the prognosis of OSCC. Furthermore, the ratios of Treg/Th17 cells in OSCC patients differed at different time points of cancer progression. For example, stage III-IV patients showed the most evident increase in the Treg/Th17 ratio, while the Treg/Th17 ratio in control subjects was the lowest.

Conclusions:
Therefore, a higher ratio of Treg/Th17 indicated the progression of OSCC and a larger tumor size. Therefore, Treg and Th17 imbalance was implicated in OSCC progression.
Long term complications and prognostic factors in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with docetaxel, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Shim Hyun Jeong , Kim Hyeon Jong , Hwang Jun Eul , Bae Woo Kyun , Chung Ik Joo , Lee Dong Hoon , Mi Yoon Tae , Lee Joon Kyoo , Lim Sang Chul , Chung Jae Wook , Cho Sang Hee 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the long term complications and their risk factors including of survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) treated with docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).
Among the patients who were diagnosed as NPC, we consecutively evaluated the late complications in 104 patients who completed 3 cycles of TPF induction chemotherapy followed by CCRT and received regular follow-up by otolaryngologist and oncologist. The prognostic factors for overall survival, relapse free survival and each complication were analyzed based on clinical characteristics.
Over a median follow-up of 54 months (range, 7.9–152.9 months), 5-year overall survival rate was 87% for stage II, 89% for stage III, 87% for stage IV patients. The significant prognostic factor for survival is complete response rate after CCRT in multivariate analysis. The most frequent toxicity was ear complication (29.8%) including of hearing loss requiring hearing aid (6.7%) and bone necrosis (3.8%). Decreased renal function over grade 2 was occurred in only 4 patients (3.8%) regardless of the cumulative dose of cisplatin. The long term complications did not affect the survival outcome. Patients who received radiation therapy more than 5400 cGy had better survival outcome than those who did not. However, ear complication was significantly related to radiation dose (≥ 6,600 cGy) and type of radiation therapy (conventional). Age over 65 years was a significant risk factor for both ear and renal toxicity. In conclusion, close follow-up to monitor long-term complications should be performed in patients treated with TPF induction chemotherapy followed by CCRT treatment, especially in elderly patients. Reestablishing the optimal chemotherapeutic agent during CCRT and adjustment of radiation dose after induction chemotherapy could be helpful to reduce the toxicity associated with the subsequent treatment strategy for locally advance NPC patients.
The association of CDKN2BAS gene polymorphisms and intracranial aneurysm
Authors: Yu Ting , Jiang Hailong , Fan Yunren , Xu Yunfeng , Wang Ning 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is one of the main causes of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) leading to a high percentage of disability and mortality worldwide. In addition to environmental factors, the risk of rupture or prognosis of intracranial aneurysm is also closely related to gene. Thus, a lot of genetic studies have been used to explore associated risk genes as well as variant loci of intracranial aneurysm and found several chromosome variates including 9p21.3 (CDKN2BAS) related to Intracranial aneurysm. However, due to differences in population and the existence of SNP, it is still not determined that whether these genetic changes can be identified as independent risk factors for intracranial aneurysm. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis of CDKN2BAS SNPs to explore its association with intracranial aneurysms and the results show a significance relation between rs10757272, rs1333040, and rs6475606 with intracranial aneurysm. This will open a new perspective for future intracranial aneurysm gene research and therapy.
Clinical efficacy of phacoemulsification combined intraocular lens implantation for treatment of high myopia with cataract
Authors: Gao Lu , Li Mei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
The purpose of this study is to assess the clinical efficacy of phacoemulsification combined intraocular lens implantation (PILI) for the treatment of high myopia with cataract (HMC).

Methods:
In this study, the electronic databases (PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, AMED, CINAHL, PsychINFO, CBM, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) will be searched from inception to present. All randomized controlled trials on assessing the PILI for patients with HMC will be included. Two authors will carry out study selection, information extraction, and study quality assessment, respectively. We will invite another author to solve any disagreement through discussion. RevMan 5.3 software will be performed for data synthesis and analysis.

Results:
This study will present a detailed synthesis and/or descriptive analysis of the most recent evidence to evaluate the efficacy of PILI for HMC.

Conclusion:
The results of this study may provide possible guidance to determine whether or not PILI is effective on HMC.
Effect of Yiqihuoxue Formula for the treatment of ischemic stroke
Authors: Ren Dong-Feng , Wang Ting , Sun Guo-Fang , Jiang Chao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This retrospective study assessed the feasible effect of Yiqihuoxue Formula (YQHXF) for the treatment of patients with ischemic stroke (IS).
A total of 66 patients with IS were included in this retrospective study. All patients received routine treatment, and were divided into two groups: a treatment group (n = 33) and a control group (n = 33). In addition to the routine treatment, all patients in the treatment group also underwent YQHXF treatment. All patients in both groups were treated for a total of 8 weeks. The outcomes were assessed by National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin scale (mRS), Barthel index scale (BIS), stroke-specific quality of life (SS-QOL) scale, and adverse events. All outcomes were measured before and after the treatment.
After treatment, patients in the treatment group showed better improvements in NIHSS scale (P = .01), mRS (P < .01), BIS (P = .04), and SS-QOL scale (P = .04), than patients in the control group. No treatment-associated adverse events were recorded in this study.
The results of this study indicated that YQHXF may benefit for patients with IS.
Evaluation of the association between vitamin D and lung cancer skin metastasis
Authors: Zhao Dan , Wang Tao , Li Yu-feng , Huang Jian-wei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background:
This study aims to investigate the association between vitamin D (VD) and lung cancer skin metastasis (LCSM).

Methods:
The following databases will be retrieved from the beginning to the present of each database without language limitation: PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CBM, and CNKI. The reference lists of included trials and other sources will also be checked. Two researchers will independently undertake literature selection, data collection, and study quality evaluation. We will utilize a fixed or random-effect model to pool the data according to the heterogeneity test. The RevMan 5.3 software will be used to analyze the data and perform meta-analysis.

Results:
This study will summarize high quality study to explore the association between VD and LCSM.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study will help to judge whether there is association between VD and LCSM.

Ethics and dissemination:
No research ethical approval is required in this study, because it will only analyze published data. It is expected to disseminate through a peer-reviewed journal.

Study registration:
osf.io/ph2au.
Proton pump inhibitors for the treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease
Authors: Liu Xiangyi , Jiang Ying , Luo Haiyan , Liu Haolin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground:Laryngopharyngeal Reflux disease refers to abnormal reflux of gastric contents through the esophagus into the throat, which irritates and damages the pharyngeal mucosa, and causes corresponding symptoms. Proton Pump Inhibitors are an important class of gastric acid secretion inhibitors after H2 receptor blockers, which can be used clinically to treat peptic ulcer, abnormal gastric acid secretion and other related diseases. The common clinical drugs include omeprazole, lansoprazole, rabeprazole and so on. Clinical practice has shown that Proton Pump Inhibitors have a good therapeutic effect on Laryngopharyngeal Reflux disease, but evidence of evidence-based medicine is lacking. The purpose of this protocol is to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Proton Pump Inhibitors in the treatment of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux disease and to improve the evidence-based basis for the clinical application of Proton Pump Inhibitors in the treatment of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux disease.Methods:English computer retrieval database (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library) and Chinese computer retrieval database (Wanfang Database, VIP Information Chinese Journal Service Platform, Chinese Biomedical Database) . In addition, Baidu Scholar and Google Scholar were manually searched for randomized controlled clinical studies on the treatment of laryngeal reflux disease with Proton Pump Inhibitors from the establishment of the database to July 2020. Two researchers independently extracted and evaluated the data of the included studies, and meta-analysis was conducted on the included literatures with RevMan5.3 software without language restrictions.Results:In this study, the efficacy and safety of Proton Pump Inhibitors in the treatment of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux disease are evaluated by the overall response rate, clinical symptom remission rate and other indicators.Conclusions:This study will provide reliable evidence-based evidence for the clinical application of Proton Pump Inhibitors in the treatment of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux disease.OSF Registration number: DOI 10.17605 / OSF.IO / NY6SC
Excessive splenic volume is an unfavorable prognostic factor in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Guo Jianping , Wang Lei , Wang Xiaoyan , Li Luo , Lü Yajuan , Wang Congcong , Hao Chong , Zhang Jiandong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The relationship between splenic volume and the outcome of chemoradiotherapy for lung cancer has rarely been studied or addressed. The purpose of our study was to investigate whether splenic volume was associated with prognosis in patients treated with chemoradiotherapy for advanced or locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
A retrospective investigation was conducted. Finally, 202 patients met the criteria and were included in the study. All patients were divided into 2 groups according to the optimum cutoff value of splenic volume for overall survival (OS). The optimum cutoff value was identified by X-tile software, and the OS and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between the 2 groups of patients. The impact of splenic volume and other clinical characteristics on OS and DFS was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model. Clinical characteristics were compared using chi-square or Fisher exact tests.
The median (range) of splenic volume was 156.03 (28.55–828.11) cm3. The optimal cutoff value of splenic volume was 288.4 cm3. For univariate analyses, high splenic volume was associated with decreased OS (P = .025) and DFS (P = .044). In multivariate analyses, splenic volume remained an independent predictor of OS as a binary dependent variable (P = .003).
Excessive splenic volume was associated with decreased OS and DFS in patients with NSCLC treated with chemoradiotherapy. Splenic volume should be regarded as an independent prognostic factor for patients treated with chemoradiotherapy for advanced or locally advanced NSCLC.