bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health, Nutrition and Care for Senior Citizens of Nepal in Twenty First Century
Authors: Adhikari Sushil 
Published: December 2019

Modernization has a greater impact over the population ageing from developed to developing countries. Nepal also could not remain untouched by it. Urbanization, social transformation and migration to immigration type of social phenomenon have been separating the family members. Not only that but also the desire of living with freedom and independent life has a powerful effect upon the life of senior citizens in Nepal. Lack of education, social security by government and sufficient income source of a notable population after 60s is living under poor standard. The occupation of farming in the past used to be common in joint family life including very less number representing the high level business family. Where there was not such a problem of isolation and lack of nutrition and care for those citizens due to level of education. A large number living in the rural areas whether single or old couple has rare choice of food due to income even it is quite difficult to afford for simple medicine. The population of the less developed regions is ageing rapidly, too. Over the next four decades, the population aged 60 and over in the developing world is projected to triple from 473 million in 2009 to 1.6 billion in 2050. The older population itself is ageing at an accelerated rate with the population aged 80 and over projected to increase four-fold, to reach 395 million in 2050. The Second World Assembly on Ageing, which took place in Madrid, Spain, in April 2002, adopted the Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing, to respond to the opportunities and challenges of population ageing in the twenty-first century and to promote the development of a society for all ages. In this context Nepal has to prepare a draft of own charter to address the issues of aging population.
Key words: Modernization, Population ageing, Developing countries, Health, Social Security
Getting quantifying-into questions uniformly: Functionality, domain exhaustivity, and quantificational variability
Authors: Xiang Yimei 
Published: December 2019

Questions with a quantifier have readings that seem to involve quantification-into questions (QIQ). This paper provides a uniform compositional analysis of these readings. I propose that QIQ-readings are special functional readings —— the question nucleus involves a functional dependency between the quantifier and wh-trace.I argue that the seeming QIQ-effect is derived by extracting a minimal set that satisfies a quantificational predication condition. The possible values of this minimal set determine whether QIQ-readings are available and whether a question admits a pair-list answer and/or a choice answer. This analysis also explains the contrast between ∀-questions and multi-wh questions with respect to domain exhaustivity, and accounts for the quantificational variability effects in embeddings.
Unconditionals and free choice unified
Authors: Szabolcsi Anna 
Published: December 2019

Rawlins (2013: 160) observes that both unconditionals and more classical free choice can be meta-characterized using orthogonality, but does not actually unify the two. One reason may be that in English, different expressions serve in these roles. By contrast, in Hungarian, AKÁR expressions serve as NPIs, FCIs, and unconditional adjuncts, but not as interrogatives or free relatives. This paper offers a unified account of the Hungarian data, extending Chierchia 2013 and Dayal 2013. The account produces the same unconditional meanings that Rawlins derives from an interrogative basis. This result highlights the fact that sets of alternatives arise from different morpho-syntactic sources and are utilized by the grammar in different ways, but the results may fully converge.
Compositional analysis for clausal exceptives
Authors: Vostrikova Ekaterina 
Published: December 2019

In this paper I argue that English exceptive constructions introduced by 'except' that appear to have a phrasal structure can be underliyingly clausal. I offer a compositional analysis for such exceptive constructions. I propose that an except- clause introduces quantification over possible situations and serves as a restrictor of this quantification. I show how this analysis derives the inferences exceptives come with and the known restrictions on their use.
Obtaining intraoral subepithelial connective tissue graft: Dermabrasion Technique- Case report
Authors: Nunes Marcelo Pereira , Nunes Luís Fernando Pereira , Ribeiro João Carlos Bittencourt , Pinho Roberto Mourão , Souza Camila Agra de , Dias Rayanne Soraia Aguiar de Melo , Cimões Renata 
Published: December 2019

Objectives: The present study aims to describe the dermabrasion technique to obtain connective tissue rich in collagen, with satisfactory thickness and anatomy, removing the epithelial layer with diamond drill in high speed handpiece and under refrigeration.
Materials and Methods: A 50-year-old patient was selected for immediate dental implant (element 25) and soft tissue augmentation in the periodontal and peri-implant region. An epithelial connective tissue graft was performed in the area comprising elements 23, 24, 25 and mesial of 26. For the preparation of the donor area of the graft, the dermabrasion technique was used through a spherical diamond drill bit (medium or thick granulation) in high speed and under refrigeration, being able to remove the epithelium without losing part of the subepithelial layer.
Results: The healing process is by second intention and presented a normal evolution with formation of adequate tissues.
Conclusions: The Dermabrasion technique allows to obtain adequate grafts, removing the epithelial layer in a simple way and guarantee the desired thickness.
The Feasibility of Directly Imaging Nearby Cold Jovian Planets with MIRI/JWST
Authors: Brande Jonathan , Barclay Thomas , Schlieder Joshua E. , Lopez Eric D. , Quintana Elisa V. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The upcoming launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will dramatically increase our understanding of exoplanets, particularly through direct imaging. Microlensing and radial velocity surveys indicate that some M dwarfs host long-period giant planets. Some of these planets will likely be just a few parsecs away and a few astronomical units from their host stars, a parameter space that cannot be probed by existing high-contrast imagers. We studied whether the coronagraphs on the Mid-infrared Instrument on JWST can detect Jovian-type planets around nearby M dwarfs. For a sample of 27 very nearby M dwarfs, we simulated a sample of Saturn–Jupiter-mass planets with three atmospheric configurations and three orbital separations, observed in three different filters. We found that the f1550c 15.5 μm filter is best suited for detecting Jupiter-like planets. Jupiter-like planets with patchy cloud cover, 2 au from their star, are detectable at 15.5 μm around 14 stars in our sample, while Jupiters with clearer atmospheres are detectable around all stars in the sample. Saturns were most detectable at 10.65 and 11.4 μm (f1065c and f1140c filters), but only with cloud-free atmospheres and within 3 pc (six stars). Surveying all 27 stars would take <170 hr of JWST integration time, or just a few hours for a shorter survey of the most favorable targets. There is one potentially detectable known planet in our sample: GJ 832 b. Observations aimed at detecting this planet should occur in 2024–2026, when the planet is maximally separated from the star.
Type Ia Supernovae Are Excellent Standard Candles in the Near-infrared
Authors: Avelino Arturo , Friedman Andrew S. , Mandel Kaisey S. , Jones David O. , Challis Peter J. , Kirshner Robert P. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We analyze a set of 89 type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) that have both optical and near-infrared (NIR) photometry to derive distances and construct low-redshift (z ≤ 0.04) Hubble diagrams. We construct mean light curve (LC) templates using a hierarchical Bayesian model. We explore both Gaussian process (GP) and template methods for fitting the LCs and estimating distances, while including peculiar-velocity and photometric uncertainties. For the 56 SNe Ia with both optical and NIR observations near maximum light, the GP method yields a NIR-only Hubble-diagram with a root mean square (rms) of

mag when referenced to the NIR maxima. For each NIR band, a comparable GP method rms is obtained when referencing to NIR-max or B-max. Using NIR LC templates referenced to B-max yields a larger rms value of

mag. Fitting the corresponding optical data using standard LC fitters that use LC shape and color corrections yields larger rms values of 0.179 ± 0.018 mag with SALT2 and

mag with SNooPy. Applying our GP method to subsets of SNe Ia NIR LCs at NIR maximum light, even without corrections for LC shape, color, or host-galaxy dust reddening, provides smaller rms in the inferred distances, at the ∼2.3–4.1σ level, than standard optical methods that correct for those effects. Our ongoing RAISIN program on the Hubble Space Telescope will exploit this promising infrared approach to limit systematic errors when measuring the expansion history of the universe in order to constrain dark energy.
The Distribution of Ultra-diffuse and Ultra-compact Galaxies in the Frontier Fields
Authors: Janssens Steven R. , Abraham Roberto , Brodie Jean , Forbes Duncan A. , Romanowsky Aaron J. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Large low-surface-brightness galaxies have recently been found to be abundant in nearby galaxy clusters. In this paper, we investigate these ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) in the six Hubble Frontier Fields galaxy clusters: A2744, MACS J0416.1−2403, MACS J0717.5+3745, MACS J1149.5+2223, AS1063, and A370. These are the most massive (1–3 × 1015
M
⊙) and distant (0.308 < z < 0.545) systems in which this class of galaxy has yet been discovered. We estimate that the clusters host of the order of ∼200–1400 UDGs inside the virial radius (R
200), consistent with the UDG abundance–halo-mass relation found in the local universe, and suggest that UDGs may be formed in clusters. Within each cluster, however, we find that UDGs are not evenly distributed. Instead their projected spatial distributions are lopsided, and they are deficient in the regions of highest mass density as traced by gravitational lensing. While the deficiency of UDGs in central regions is not surprising, the lopsidedness is puzzling. The UDGs, and their lopsided spatial distributions, may be associated with known substructures late in their infall into the clusters, meaning that we find evidence both for formation of UDGs in clusters and for UDGs falling into clusters. We also investigate the ultra-compact dwarfs (UCDs) residing in the clusters, and find that the spatial distributions of UDGs and UCDs appear anticorrelated. Around 15% of UDGs exhibit either compact nuclei or nearby point sources. Taken together, these observations provide additional evidence for a picture in which at least some UDGs are destroyed in dense cluster environments and leave behind a residue of UCDs.
Chemical Abundances along the 1G Sequence of the Chromosome Maps: The Globular Cluster NGC 3201*
Authors: Marino A. F. , Milone A. P. , Sills A. , Yong D. , Renzini A. , Bedin L. R. , Cordoni G. , D’Antona F. , Jerjen H. , Karakas A. , Lagioia E. , Piotto G. , Tailo M. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) UV Legacy Survey of Galactic Globular Clusters (GCs) has investigated multiple stellar populations by means of the “chromosome map” (ChM) diagnostic tool that maximizes the separation between stars with different chemical compositions. One of the most challenging features revealed by ChM analysis is the apparent inhomogeneity among stars belonging to the first population, a phenomenon largely attributed to He variations. However, this explanation is not supported by uniformity in the p-capture elements of these stars. The HST survey has revealed that the GC NGC 3201 shows exceptionally wide coverage in the

parameter of the ChM. We present a chemical abundance analysis of 24 elements in 18 giants belonging to the first population of this GC and having a wide range in

. As far as the p-capture elements are concerned, the chemical abundances are typical of first-generation (1G) stars, as expected from the location of our targets in the ChM. Based on radial velocities and chemical abundance arguments, we find that the three stars with the lowest

values are binary candidates. This suggests that at least those stars could be explained with binarity. These results are consistent with evidence inferred from multiband photometry that evolved blue stragglers (BSs) populate the bluest part of the 1G sequence in the ChM. The remaining 15 spectroscopic targets show a small range in the overall metallicity by ∼0.10 dex, with stars at higher

values having higher absolute abundances. We suggest that a small variation in metals and binarity governs the color spread of the 1G in the ChM and that evolved BSs contribute to the bluest tail of the 1G sequence.
Qu'est-ce que les relations entre droit et environnement disent de nous ?
Authors: Pierron Jean-Philippe 
Published: December 2019

La base anthropologique qui sous-tend notre droit est travaillée par les questions que pose la crise environnementale ou la transition écologique (en droit international le droit reconnu à un fleuve d'être une entité juridique autonome dans le cas de la nouvelle Zélande ou du Gange en Inde) ou en contexte français les interactions entre enjeux sociaux et enjeux environnementaux (pollutions, prédations environnementales, ZAD, etc.), ouvrant vers une conception de l'humain élargie. On peut se demander dans quelle mesure la conception que l'on se fait de l'humain, de ses liens avec les autres et les milieux, qui est engagée dans la conflictualité dont le judicaire est le théâtre, n'engage pas ce travail de redéfinition ? Est-ce qu'une nouvelle figure de l'humain apparaît aujourd'hui dans le droit en train de se faire ? Le droit de l'environnement contribue-t-il à une compréhension de ce qui fait l'humain, les hommes dans les liens avec leur milieu ? ; en quoi le droit et la jurisprudence permettraient-ils d'en redéfinir les contours ?
Qu’est-ce que l’Europe politique ?
Authors: Beaudonnet Laurie , Mérand Frédéric 
Published: December 2019

Pendant longtemps, vouloir « plus d’Europe » signifiait y faire « plus de politique ». Depuis quelques années, cette vision optimiste est contestée par les chercheurs qui voient dans l’Europe politique un risque autant qu’une chance. Cet article introductif au numéro thématique explore la politisation de l’UE d’un point de vue empirique. Dans un premier temps, nous revenons sur les définitions de la politisation : un enjeu est politisé lorsqu’il génère un clivage visible dans la communauté politique, amenant les acteurs, les citoyens et les citoyennes à clarifier leurs positions, voire à se polariser autour d’elles. Puis nous proposons un état de la littérature différenciant trois contextes de l’activité politique : l’opinion publique, les institutions majoritaires et les institutions non majoritaires. Nous concluons que, si la politisation varie selon les contextes, elle doit néanmoins être appréhendée dans son ensemble puisqu’elle fait intervenir les partis politiques, les électeurs et les institutions de manière concomitante.
EU authority, politicization and EU issue voting
Authors: Le Gall Cal 
Published: December 2019

L’autorité de l’UE a-t-elle une incidence sur le vote sur enjeu européen dans les élections nationales ? Les recherches actuelles suggèrent que la politisation des enjeux européens dépend de l’étendue des compétences de l’UE. Or, la politisation accroît l’importance des enjeux au niveau individuel, ce qui, à son tour, favorise le vote sur enjeu. Ainsi, le vote sur enjeu européen devrait être plus répandu parmi les personnes qui jugent l’UE responsable des décisions politiques. Pour vérifier cette hypothèse, j’utilise les données EES de 2009. Les résultats montrent que les individus qui considèrent l’UE comme responsable n’ont pas plus tendance à choisir les partis en fonction de leur positionnement européen. En outre, des analyses complémentaires indiquent la présence d’un vote sur enjeu européen, mais pas d’augmentation entre 2004 et 2009. Dans l’ensemble, peu d’éléments indiquent que l’autorité de l’UE influe sur le vote sur enjeu européen.
Le sujet lacanien, un « Je » sans identité
Authors: Leguil Clotilde 
Published: December 2019

Cet article revient sur la notion de « sujet » chez Lacan en la distinguant de toute référence à l’identité. Il reprend la question « Qui parle ? » posée par Michel Foucault en 1969 et y répond avec Lacan. En psychanalyse, il ne s’agit pas de négation du sujet, mais de dépendance du sujet par rapport au signifiant. Lacan a remis en question les « privilèges du moi », mais a sauvé la dimension du sujet en concevant un sujet de l’inconscient. L’identité en psychanalyse n’est pas une identité déterminée par des normes sociales. C’est une identité au niveau du dire du sujet et de sa souffrance. Cet article montre finalement que le sujet lacanien est à la fois un sujet marqué par le signifiant et un sujet articulé à la pulsion. L’expérience de la psychanalyse conduit à une remise en question des identifications, permettant d’appréhender la marque traumatique au niveau du réel.
Un manuscrit de Michel Foucault sur la psychanalyse
Authors: Foucault Michel , Basso Elisabetta 
Published: December 2019

Dans ce manuscrit du début des années 1950, Foucault met en relief la perspective freudienne qui substitue à l’approche biologique de la maladie fondée sur l’évolutionnisme une démarche basée sur la compréhension de sa signification psychologique. Cependant, puisque le point de vue évolutif n’est jamais abandonné par Freud, se pose la question de savoir comment, dans la définition psychanalytique de la maladie et de ses rapports à la personnalité, se distribuent les éléments d’une analyse évolutive et ceux d’une compréhension significative : quel équilibre peut être instauré entre eux, et quelle image de l’homme malade en résulte ? En outre, si la maladie a un sens, et si elle se définit par un ensemble de réactions significatives et cohérentes, en quoi est-elle maladie ?
User related factors in implementation of WHO surgical safety checklist (SSC)
Authors: Amadoru S. D. S. , Perera K. Y. D. , Amjed D. M. M. L. A. , Chaminda J. L. P. , Kandamby H. G. I. T. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction: WHO Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) was introduced to address the well-recognized global problem of lack of surgical safety. Although proper implementation of SSC reduces common adverse events occurring during surgical procedures, the practical implementation in some cases has been found to be less than optimal. Objective: To assess the user related factors in the implementation of the SSC at District General Hospital (DGH), Matara . Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at DGH, Matara using a self-administered questionnaire among 76 doctors and 116 nurses who worked in operating theatres of DGH, Matara. A questionnaire based on the SSC and its implementation was used to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of doctors and nurses. Results: On the average, the seniority and experience in working in the operating theatres of DGH, Matara had a significant association with the awareness of the SSC. Nurses were more familiar about the SSC compared to doctors. Even when the user of the checklist had good knowledge, favorable attitudes and interest for proper implementation of the SSC, only a minority (8.7%) was trained in SSC. Discussion: The complexity, uncertainty of the definition of the responsibility and frequent unavailability of checklists were the main perceived barriers. It is recommended to simplify and reformat the checklist to make more user friendly and designating a checklist coordinator, training and monitoring implementation for better compliance.
Evaluation of patient transfers from peripheral hospitals to a District General Hospital
Authors: Abeysekara C. M. , Hewageegana N. R. , Dharmarathtne S. D. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Despite Sri Lanka’s remarkable success of achieving higher health status, there are many areas in the system which need immediate and priority attention to further improve the provision of healthcare. Patient transfer procedure is one such area. Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate the patient transfers from peripheral hospitals to District General Hospital (DGH), Matara and to make recommendations to improve the process. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out using three study instruments. A questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample of 427 transferred patients and medical officers who attended them at the Primary Care Unit (PCU). Two checklists were used to assess the completeness of the components of the transfer process. Data were triangulated and analyzed regarding proportions (quantitative data) and associations (using chi-square test). Results: Involvement of the patient/guardian to the decision-making process was inadequate as 62.5% of the patients/guardians were not aware of the reason for the transfer. Pre-transfer communication was not done in 90.9% occasions. Majority of transferred patients (74.5%) were accompanied by staff attendants irrespective of the nature of the transfer. There were many lapses in the documentation of the transfer form. Discussion: Guidelines for inter-hospital patient transfers need to be revised. The transfer form used at present need to be redesigned.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus mimicking lymphoproliferative malignancy in a child
Authors: Munasinghe T. M. , Naotunna C. , Vithana S. , Kankananarachchi I. , Dharmawardena H. , Amarasena S. 
Published: December 2019

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chromic autoimmune disease with multisystemic involvement. The estimated prevalence of SLE among children is 1-6/100000. Here we report a child who presented with generalized lymphadeopathy as the first manifestation of SLE. A 13 year old previously healthy girl presented with cervical lymphadenopathy and low grade remitting fever for 1 month duration. On examination she was found to have generalized lymphadenopathy and unremarkable rest of the clinical examination. Her basic haematological and biochemical parameters were normal. ESR was 110mm/hr and CRP was 6mg/dL. Ultrasound scan and Contrast CT of the abdomen and pelvis revealed extensive mediastinal, mesenteric, para-aortic, splenic hilar, bilateral axillary and inguinal lymphadenopathy suggestive of lymphoproliferative malignancy. However, her bone marrow and lymph node biopsies revealed reactive pattern. Meantime she developed a malar rash, oral ulcers and 2 episodes of generalized tonic-clonic convulsions. Her urinalysis revealed microscopic haematuria and sub nephrotic range proteinuria. Her ANA and dsDNA levels were positive. Her subsequent full blood count revealed severe bicytopenia, predominetly lymphopenia.The diagnosis of SLE was made and she was started on Hydroxychloroquine, high dose prednisolone and cyclophosphamide pulse therapy. The most common presenting symptoms of SLE in children include, constituitional symptoms, joint symptoms and haematological abnormalities. It is estimated 23-34% children with SLE are having lymphadenopathy. Though, generalized lymphadenopathy as the presenting symptom of SLE is uncommon, it should not be forgotten in order to avoid diagnostic delay.