bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thesis and Research Writing In English By Indonesian Higher Degree Students Studying Overseas
Authors: Holliday Lloyd 
Published: December 2020

Indonesian Research Degree Students studying overseas in Australian Universities, ie. those undertaking a PhD, EdD, or Master Degree by Coursework and Minor Thesis, have exactly the same problems in thesis writing as local Australian students. They may have minor problems of language in writing in English as a result of transfer from Bahasa Indonesia. But the major problems of all first time research degree students is learning how to become researchers and how to present their research in a discourse format as a thesis or dissertation that has become the assepted norm internationally. This paper firstly examines some of the common surface written language problems of Indonesian Higher Degree Students. This data is drawn from an analysis of actual drafts of these written over the last ten years by a range of Indonesian students. Secondly, the paper discusses the nature of developing as a researcher and the associated problems of how this influences the presentation of research. And thirdly, the paper reflects on ways in which the process of learning to think and write as a researcher can be facilitated.
The Minimalist and Maximalist Approaches in the TEFLIN: Towards the Empowerment of the General Indonesian Learners of English
Authors: Gunarwan Asim 
Published: December 2020

The point of departure of this paper is an assumption that the teaching of English in Indonesian public schools has not yielded the minimum expected result: English learners have not been empowered with the reading skill in English, let alone the other skills. Given that English has an elevated role to play in the new millennium, Indonesian learners should be empowered in this language for wider communications. Two approaches are proposed, namely (1) the minimalist approach, in which reading ability is the sole objective of the teaching of English to students in general, the corrolary being the use of the translation method; and (2) the maximalist approach, in which "ordinary" students are taught along the line of the notion of Little English (much discussed in the 60's and 70's), whereas "the cream of the cream" are tutored in a special programme designed to make them English-Indonesian bilinguals. Hence, a new language policy of Indonesia should be developed and English curricula be reviewed and a national commission on the TEFLIN be set up to look into the matter in more depth and to suggest ways in which the teaching of this language in schools can really empower the learners in the context of human resources development.
THE TEACHING OF EFL LISTENING IN THE INDONESIAN CONTEXT: THE STATE OF THE ART
Authors: Cahyono Bambang Yudi , Widiati Utami 
Published: December 2020

The status of English as a foreign language (EFL) in Indonesia necessitates the use of English native speakers' utterances as models of pronunciation and as standard of understanding messages in various contexts, be they academic or social. As recently English has developed as an international language that can be used as a means of communication between people from non-English speaking countries, the role of listening activities in the teaching of English cannot be neglected. This article highlights the importance of listening and reviews some of the issues in the research and teaching of EFL listening. It firstly presents a paradigm of the listening process, followed by a theoretical framework for teaching listening, especially in the broader context of English language teaching. It then discusses the teaching of and research on EFL listening in Indonesia. Finally, this article outlines some recommendations for more effective teaching of listening in EFL classrooms.
EMPOWERING NON-NATIVE ENGLISH SPEAKING TEACHERS THROUGH CRITICAL PEDAGOGY
Authors: Hayati Nur 
Published: December 2020

Critical pedagogy is a teaching approach that aims to develop students’ critical thinking, political and socialawareness, and self esteem through dialogue learning and reflection. Related to the teaching of EFL, this pedagogy holds the potential to empower non native English speaking teachers (NNESTs) when incorporated into English teacher education programs. It can help aspiring NNESTs to grow awareness of the political and sociocultural implications of EFL teaching, to foster their critical thinking on any concepts or ideas regarding their profession, and more importantly, to recognize their strengths as NNESTs. Despite the potential, the role of critical pedagogy in improving EFL teacher education program in Indonesia has not been sufficiently discussed. This article attempts to contribute to the discussionby looking at a number of ways critical pedagogy can be incorporated in the programs, the rationale for doing so, and the challenges that might come on the way.
USING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) TO ENHANCE LANGUAGE TEACHING & LEARNING: AN INTERVIEW WITH DR. A. GUMAWANG JATI
Authors: Floris Flora Debora 
Published: December 2020

In recent years, information and communication technology (ICT) has become embedded and affected the every aspect of our lives. Rapid development of ICT has changed our language teaching pedagogy at all levels. Teachers, curriculum developers, researchers have been constantly striving to find techniques to use some form of it to both assist and enhance language learning. What is more exciting is that studies have demonstrated positive effects that ICT brings towards students' learning motivation (Chenoweth, Ushida & Murday, 2006; Stepp- Greany, 2002), students' personal needs and learning styles (Gimenez, 2000), students' language mastery (Stepp-Greany, 2002), effective teaching and learning process (Al-Jarf, 2004), etc. Although these studies have shown that ICT has the potential important role in supporting and enhancing language learning, the use of ICT should never be the goal in and of itself. The responsibility for language instruction should be in the hands of qualified teachers who have the knowledge and expertise to manage and to make the best use of it to accomplish learning objectives.
PROMOTING A RESPECT FOR DIFFERENCE THROUGH LANGUAGE TEACHING
Authors: Welsh Alistair 
Published: December 2020

An emphasis on developing students' moral and ethical character is evident in the 2013 National Indonesian Curriculum. In this article, I look at how respect for difference is reflected in the 2013 Indonesian National Curriculum, specifically referring to the second key competency area for senior high school English language. I also draw reference from academic literature that can be linked to this competency area of the English curriculum. Exploring theoretical links from the literature is useful to develop a deeper understanding of the importance of this key competency area. Discussion explores the significance of respect for difference and the important role that English language teachers in Indonesia can play in promoting tolerance. By understanding how culture can be used as a divisive force, we can more readily identify how teachers can develop a respect for difference in their students to help overcome intolerant attitudes that can lead to discrimination.
Биопсия сигнальных лимфатических узлов при раннем раке желудка
Authors: Карачун А. М. , Пелипась Ю. В. , Асадчая Д. П. 
Published: December 2020

В настоящее время все еще ведутся дискуссии об оптимальном объеме хирургического вмешательства при раке желудка (РЖ), особенно об объеме лимфодиссекции. Гастрэктомия с лимфодиссекцией D2 является стандартным методом лечения операбельного РЖ. Однако при раннем РЖ без метастазов в лимфатические узлы (ЛУ) гастрэктомия с лимфодис- секцией D2 может быть избыточной, более того, она может увеличить частоту и тяжесть послеоперационных осложнений и послеоперационную летальность, значительно снизить качество жизни пациентов (QOL). Следовательно, концепция сигнального ЛУ может быть применена при РЖ. Но из‑за сложности лимфооттока желудка, по‑прежнему, обсуждается множество нерешенных проблем, таких как выбор красителя, метод идентификации и забора ЛУ, а также онкологическая безопасность этой манипуляции. Кроме того, две основные причины ложноотрицательных случаев — «пропуск» метастазов и низкая чувствительность интраоперационной патоморфологической диагностики.В наше исследование вошло 86 пациентов с ранним РЖ. Сигнальный ЛУ был обнаружен у 73 (84,9 %) пациентов. Из 14 (16,3 %) пациентов с метастазами в регионарных ЛУ, метастаз в сигнальном ЛУ был обнаружен у 11 (12,8 %). У двух больных с «незасветившимися» ЛУ, вероятно, имело место нарушение лимфоотока в следствие блока лимфатических протоков опухолевыми эмболами, что препятствовало распространению красителя. В одном случае (1,2 %) имел место ложноотрицательный результат.
Outcomes of patients presenting with central nervous system tuberculosis at a tertiary care center in India
Authors: Rajendran Santhosh , Shah Darshil , Kapadia Fatema , Jani Ruchi , Pandya Jinal , Singh Harpreet , Jani Chinmay , Parikh Ami 
Published: December 2020

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in India. Ten percent of all patients with TB have CNS involvement. Delayed diagnosis of this disease is associated with increased mortality. This study assesses the socio-demographic profile as well as outcomes in patients with various forms of CNS TB. Methods: A prospective observational study conducted at V.S. Hospital, Ahmedabad, between December-2016 and February-2018. Each patient was assessed from admission to 3- month follow up. The diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and tuberculoma was done as per the Ahuja and Rajashekhar criteria, respectively. Neurological status and functional outcome were graded based on modified Rankin score (mRS). Results: Our study had 56 patients with a mean age of 35.01±11.46 years. We observed that increasing age was associated with higher mRS (p=0.002). Fever was the most common symptom in patients with TBM (96. 15%), unlike seizures (100%) in patients with tuberculomas with or without TBM. Patients with either isolated TBM or tuberculoma had improvement in outcomes. On multivariate analysis, it was found that CN palsy (HR=0.38, p=0.003), duration of illness (HR=0.35, p=0.005) and age (HR=0.33, p=0.008) were the most significant predictor of worse outcomes. Conclusions: Identification and evaluation of focal signs like seizures and focal neurological deficits along with certain non-focal signs like headache and fever should raise high level of suspicion for TB in tropical regions at the primary care levels for early diagnosis and treatment.
Linear Programming for Solving Solar Cell Parameters
Authors: Rasheed Mohammed S. 
Published: December 2020

<p>In this paper, the major physical parameters of a commercial silicon solar cell such as maximum current, maximum voltage, fill factor, and efficiency have been investigated. The important parameters of a silicon cell are examined using Linear Programming Problem (LPB) and the obtained results are compared with those of experimental values. The experimental results of the solar cell show excellent agreement as compared with those obtained by LPB. </p>
Internet Thinking for Omnimedia Reconstruction of News Production and Dissemination Mechanism of Chinese Traditional Mass Media
Authors: Cai Shaoshuo , Xie Fen 
Published: December 2020

<p>This paper briefly combs the practical innovation of Chinese traditional media in news production and dissemination mechanism, focuses on the on the analysis of subjective and objective factors that restrict the innovation and reform of its original mechanism, and puts forward the reconstruction and innovation mechanism of news production and dissemination in the omnimedia era with the thinking of the Internet. Set up service thinking, set up an all-round agenda, report major social events in the whole process to build a dynamic media platform; Set up the user's thinking, carry out all-round mass communication, meet the audience's personalized news consumption needs in all aspects to build a multi-dimensional platform; Set up open thinking, conduct audience interaction in all directions, strengthen the public participation experience in the whole process to build a multi-terminal communication platform; Set up platform thinking, expand the communication effect in all directions, give full play to the efficiency of media integration in all aspects to provide the multi-form experience.</p>
Research on the Diffusion of Network Buzzwords from the Perspective of Communication
Authors: Qu Ruiyang 
Published: December 2020

<p>With the advent of the era of big data, the popularity of "Internet +" has promoted the development of the social and cultural environment, and the production and dissemination of information have also had an important impact on social culture. As the communication language of Internet users in the network culture, the emergence and development of network catchwords also reflects the psychological demands of the audience and the direction of cultural communication in the digital era under the influence of the development of the Internet. From this perspective, from the perspective of communication, this paper discusses the new development trend of the way of the spread of Internet buzzwords in the context of the development of the times, and its impact.</p>
A Mente de uma Maranhense Transgressora, Esta Ninguém Pode Escravizar: Vida e Obra de Maria Firmina dos Reis como Retrato da Condição Feminina no Século XIX
Authors: LIMA PATRICIA FERNANDA MASSETTI DE , NASCIMENTO CAMILA MARIA SILVA 
Published: December 2020

Maria Firmina dos Reis, natural de São Luís – Maranhão, foi uma relevante personalidade maranhense do século XIX. Atribui-se a ela a criação da primeira escola pública mista do Estado. Na literatura, sua “boa morada”, ingressou ao publicar o romance Úrsula (1859), defendido, por boa parte dos teóricos, como o primeiro romance genuinamente brasileiro, requisitos para que ela seja reconhecida como autora feminina que surgiu em um universo pensado exclusivamente pelo masculino. Discute-se, neste estudo, os motivos pelos quais Firmina não é reconhecida pelo cânone literário. Para tanto, foram visitadas produções de autores como Nascimento de Morais Filho (1975), Kothe (2001), Silva (2013) e Adler (2015) que pontuam prováveis causas do ostracismo a que Firmina foi relegada até meados da década de 70. Hoje, quase 160 anos após sua primeira publicação, sem influência direta do patriarcalismo, busca-se difundi-la como notável e relevante personalidade maranhense.Palavras-chave: Escrita Feminina. Romance Maranhense. Patriarcalismo.The Mind of a Transgressor Maranhense, Nobody Can Slave: Maria Firmina dos Reis’Life and Production as a Portrait of the Female Condition in the 19rh Century ABSTRACTMaria Firmina dos Reis, a native of São Luís - Maranhão, was a relevant 19th Century personality, is attributed to her the creation of the first public school in the state. On literature, her “good home”, she entered by publishing the novel Úrsula (1859), defended by theorists as the first genuinely Brazilian novel, requirements for her to be recognized as a female author who emerged in a universe thought exclusively by the masculine. This study discusses the reasons why Firmina is not considered by the literary canon, therefore, authors' productions were visited such as Nascimento de Morais Filho (1975), Kothe (2001), Silva (2013) and Adler (2015); they punctuate probable causes of the ostracism to which Firmina was relegated until the mid-1970’s. Today, almost 160 years after her first publication, without direct influence from patriarchalism, seeks to spread her as a remarkable and relevant Maranhão personality.Keywords: Female Writing. Romance Maranhense. Patriarchy.
Corrective Feedback and Multimodality: Rethinking Categories in Telecollaborative Learning
Authors: Freschi Ana , Cavalari Suzi 
Published: December 2020

Teletandem (Telles, 2009) is a model of telecollaboration in which pairs of foreign language students from different countries meet regularly and virtually to learn each other’s languages. Within this context, participants are expected to help their partners learn by providing feedback. The multimodal nature of this type of environment, however, may offer different learning opportunities (Guichon & Cohen, 2016) and have an impact on feedback provision. This research aims at investigating peer corrective feedback in Teletandem in relation to the different modes. Using a case study approach, we describe how three Brazilians offered feedback to learners of Portuguese as a foreign language. Data used came from 20 Teletandem oral sessions that took place over a period of three years and were stored in MulTeC (Aranha & Lopes, 2019). Data analysis revealed that CF provision is characterized by reformulations, with a blurred distinction between recasts and explicit corrections due to a combination of multimodal strategies. Results also indicate that error correction may be more (or less) emphasized depending on how interlocutors combine multimodal resources. Pedagogical implications are discussed.
Teletandem (Telles, 2009) est un modèle de télécollaboration par lequel des paires d’étudiants de langue étrangère originaires de différents pays se rencontrent régulièrement de façon virtuelle pour apprendre les langues des uns des autres. Dans ce contexte, on s’attend à ce que les participants aident leur partenaire à apprendre en leur fournissant de la rétroaction. La nature multimodale de ce type d’environnement peut, cependant, offrir diverses occasions d’apprentissage (Guichon & Cohen, 2016) et influencer la façon dont la rétroaction est fournie. Le but de cette recherche est d’étudier la rétroaction corrective par les pairs dans Teletandem par rapport aux différents modes. En se servant d’une approche par étude de cas, nous décrivons comment trois Brésiliens ont offert de la rétroaction à des apprenants de portugais langue étrangère. Les données utilisées venaient de 20 sessions orales de Teletandem qui s’étaient déroulées sur une période de trois ans et ont été stockées sur MulTeC (Aranha & Lopes, 2019). L’analyse des données a révélé que la fourniture de rétroaction corrective se caractérise par des reformulations, qui ne distinguent pas très bien entre des refontes et des corrections explicites, ce qui est dû à une combinaison de stratégies multimodales. Les résultats indiquent également que la correction des erreurs peut être plus ou moins soulignée selon la façon dont les interlocuteurs combinent les ressources multimodales. On discute des implications pédagogiques.
Evolución de la producción científica sobre los conceptos HBIM y modelado 3D en la gestión de obras patrimoniales
Authors: Bulgarelli-Bolaños Jose Pablo , Hernández-Salazar Ileana , Pinto-Puerto Francisco 
Published: December 2020

Esta publicación tiene como objetivo presentar un análisis bibliométrico, descriptivo y retrospectivo de la producción científica registrada en la base de datos Elsevier Scopus, durante el periodo comprendido entre el año 2012 y febrero 2020, en torno a publicaciones cuyas palabras claves involucran los conceptos HBIM, management y model.
El trabajo se desarrolló como parte del proyecto de investigación “Herramientas de gestión y conservación programada en intervenciones de bienes inmuebles patrimoniales en Costa Rica”[1]. Los resultados de este análisis fueron un insumo importante a la actividad de búsqueda de información sobre las fases de ejecución y cierre de los proyectos de intervención de bienes inmuebles patrimoniales a nivel nacional e internacional.
En total se analizaron 77 publicaciones realizadas por 227 autores distintos de 86 instituciones en 18 países. Se identificaron los principales autores, el momento en que publicaron, así como las principales afiliaciones y los países donde se ha realizado mayor producción científica con respecto a los conceptos indicados. A pesar de que la tendencia de la producción científica se relaciona mayoritariamente con el diseño arquitectónico, se determinó que el modelo 3D es el concepto que permite asociar el campo científico del manejo de información con el de la gestión del patrimonio.
VariabilitÃ© PluviomÃ©trique Dans La RÃ©gion De Katiola Au Nord De La CÃ´te Dâ€™ivoire (Afrique De lâ€™Ouest)
Authors: Franck Maxime Gnamba , Oulai Jean Gautier Kpan , Assa Fabrice Yapi , YeÃ¯ Marie Solange Oga 
Published: December 2020

Lâ€™objectif de cette Ã©tude est de mettre en Ã©vidence, la variabilitÃ© dans les sÃ©ries pluviomÃ©triques de la rÃ©gion de Katiola, situÃ©e au nord de la CÃ´te dâ€™Ivoire. Pour ce faire, des donnÃ©es de pluviomÃ©trie couvrant la pÃ©riode de 1949 Ã 2013 ont Ã©tÃ© utilisÃ©es. La mÃ©thodologie adoptÃ©e est basÃ©e sur le calcul de lâ€™indice pluviomÃ©trique de Nicholson, et des tests statistiques de dÃ©tection des ruptures et tendance (test de Pettitt, test de tendance de Mannâ€“Kendall). Les rÃ©sultats obtenus indiquent que sur la pÃ©riode dÃ©terminÃ©e, les hauteurs pluviomÃ©triques annuelles oscillent entre 550 et 2000 mm avec une valeur moyenne annuelle dâ€™environ 1107 mm. Lâ€™analyse du graphe de variation de lâ€™indice pluviomÃ©trique de Nicholson, met en Ã©vidence lâ€™existence de deux sous-pÃ©riodes. Dâ€™une part, une sous-pÃ©riode humide de 1949 Ã 1968 avec un excÃ©dent pluviomÃ©trique de 13,16% par rapport Ã la moyenne et dâ€™autre part, une sous-pÃ©riode sÃ¨che de 1969 Ã 2013, marquÃ©e par les indices pluviomÃ©triques les plus nÃ©gatifs avec un dÃ©ficit de 7,13%. La MÃ©thode du test statistique de Pettitt appliquÃ©e Ã la sÃ©rie chronologique rÃ©vÃ¨le une rupture Ã partir de lâ€™annÃ©e 1968. Les rÃ©sultats obtenus confirment donc lâ€™existence de variabilitÃ© et de rupture dans les sÃ©ries pluviomÃ©triques de la rÃ©gion de Katiola depuis la fin des annÃ©es 1960.
The aim of this study is to highlight variability and breaks in the rainfall series from Katiola region located in the North part of CÃ´te d'Ivoire. For the purposes of this study, rainfall data during 1946 to 2013 period were used. The methodology is based on the calculation of Nicholsonâ€™s rainfall index and statistical tests of breaks detected and for trend (Pettittâ€™s test and Mann Kendallâ€™s test). The results obtained indicate that annual rainfall height varied between 550 and 2000 mm with a mean value of 1107 mm. Analysis of the variation curve of the pluviometry index shows two sub-periods, a wet sub-period from 1949 to 1968 with a rainfall excess of 13.16% compared to the average, and a dry sub-period from 1969 to 2013 with most negative rainfall index and a deficit 7.13%. Pettitt statistical tests applied to rainfall time series reveals a break from the year 1968 onwards. The results obtained confirm the existence of variability and break in rainfall series from Katiola region, since the end of 1960s year.