bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Antihypertensive Medication Classification in Electronic Health Record-Based Data: Classification System Development and Methodological Comparison
Authors: McDonough Caitrin W , Smith Steven M , Cooper-DeHoff Rhonda M , Hogan William R 
Published: December 2019

Background
Computable phenotypes have the ability to utilize data within the electronic health record (EHR) to identify patients with certain characteristics. Many computable phenotypes rely on multiple types of data within the EHR including prescription drug information. Hypertension (HTN)-related computable phenotypes are particularly dependent on the correct classification of antihypertensive prescription drug information, as well as corresponding diagnoses and blood pressure information.

Objective
This study aimed to create an antihypertensive drug classification system to be utilized with EHR-based data as part of HTN-related computable phenotypes.

Methods
We compared 4 different antihypertensive drug classification systems based off of 4 different methodologies and terminologies, including 3 RxNorm Concept Unique Identifier (RxCUI)–based classifications and 1 medication name–based classification. The RxCUI-based classifications utilized data from (1) the Drug Ontology, (2) the new Medication Reference Terminology, and (3) the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System and DrugBank, whereas the medication name–based classification relied on antihypertensive drug names. Each classification system was applied to EHR-based prescription drug data from hypertensive patients in the OneFlorida Data Trust.

Results
There were 13,627 unique RxCUIs and 8025 unique medication names from the 13,879,046 prescriptions. We observed a broad overlap between the 4 methods, with 84.1% (691/822) to 95.3% (695/729) of terms overlapping pairwise between the different classification methods. Key differences arose from drug products with multiple dosage forms, drug products with an indication of benign prostatic hyperplasia, drug products that contain more than 1 ingredient (combination products), and terms within the classification systems corresponding to retired or obsolete RxCUIs.

Conclusions
In total, 2 antihypertensive drug classifications were constructed, one based on RxCUIs and one based on medication name, that can be used in future computable phenotypes that require antihypertensive drug classifications.
Impact of a Knowledge Translation Intervention on Physical Activity and Mobility in Older Adults (the Move4Age Study): Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Neil-Sztramko Sarah , Smith-Turchyn Jenna , Richardson Julie , Dobbins Maureen 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundThe McMaster Optimal Aging Portal (the Portal) was launched in 2014 as a knowledge translation (KT) tool to increase access to evidence-based health information.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to understand if and how dissemination of mobility information through the Portal impacts physical activity (PA) in older adults.MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial, participants (n=510) were assigned to a 12-week mobility-focused KT intervention or self-serve control group. The intervention included weekly email alerts and a study-specific social media hashtag linking to mobility-focused Portal materials. The control group was able to access the Portal on their own but did not receive targeted KT strategies. Participants completed questionnaires (including the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity to quantify PA) at baseline, end of the study, and 3-month follow-up.ResultsParticipants were predominantly female (430/510, 84.3%), mean age 64.7 years, with no baseline differences between groups. Over half (277/510, 54.3%) of the participants were classified as “active” at baseline. There was no significant between-group difference in the PA category. Overall, both groups increased their PA with improvements maintained at 3-month follow-up (P<.001). In planned subgroup analyses, the KT intervention had a significant effect for those with poor or fair baseline self-rated health (P=.03).ConclusionsNo differences were found between those who received the targeted intervention and a control group with self-serve access to the Portal, except in subgroups with low self-rated health. Both groups did report increases in PA that were sustained beyond participation in a research study. Findings suggest that different KT strategies may be needed for different types of users, with more intense interventions being most impactful for certain groups (ie, those with lower self-rated health).Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02947230; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02947230
Wound Care Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices and Mobile Health Technology Use in the Home Environment: Cross-Sectional Survey of Social Network Users
Authors: Kuan Ya-Ting , Wang Tze-Fang , Guo Chao-Yu , Tang Fu-In , Hou I-Ching 
Published: December 2019

Background
Injury causing wounds is a frequent event. Inadequate or inappropriate treatment of injuries can threaten individual health. However, little is known about wound care knowledge, attitudes, and practices and mobile health (mHealth) use in the home environment in Taiwan.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate wound care knowledge, attitudes, and practices and mHealth technology use among social network users.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey on social media platforms was conducted on adults aged 20 years and older. Data were collected from social network users in the home environment.

Results
A total of 361 participants were enrolled. The mHealth technology use of participants was positively correlated with wound care knowledge (r=.132, P=.01), attitudes (r=.239, P<.001), and practices (r=.132, P=.01). Participants did not have adequate knowledge (correct rate 69.1%) and were unfamiliar with the guidelines of proper wound care (correct rate 74.5%). Most participants had positive attitudes toward wound care and mHealth technology use. A total of 95.6% (345/361) of participants perceived that the use of mHealth technology can improve wound care outcomes, and 93.9% (339/361) perceived that wound care products should be optimized to be used with a mobile device. However, 93.6% (338/361) of participants had no experience using mHealth technology for wound care.

Conclusions
Our study shows the potential of mHealth technology to enhance wound care knowledge among social network users. Thus, government agencies and medical institutions in Taiwan should provide easy-to-use information products that enhance wound care knowledge, promote adequate behavior toward wound care, and prevent unpredictable or undesirable outcomes.
The Kids Obesity Prevention Program: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate a Serious Game for the Prevention and Treatment of Childhood Obesity
Authors: Mack Isabelle , Reiband Nadine , Etges Carolin , Eichhorn Sabrina , Schaeffeler Norbert , Zurstiege Guido , Gawrilow Caterina , Weimer Katja , Peeraully Riyad , Teufel Martin , Blumenstock Gunnar , Giel Katrin Elisabeth , Junne Florian , Zipfel Stephan 
Published: December 2019

Background
Health games provide opportunities for the treatment and prevention of childhood obesity. We developed a motion-controlled serious game for children that addresses 3 core topics of nutrition, physical activity, and stress coping. It is the first serious game that extensively targets the dietary energy density principle (DED-P) in relation to nutrition. The game is intended to provide an additional educational component for the prevention and treatment of obesity in children.

Objective
The Kids Obesity Prevention study aimed to evaluate the newly developed game and to evaluate how well children are able to understand and apply the DED-P.

Methods
This cluster randomized controlled trial collected data from 82 primary school children aged 9 to 12 years and their parents at baseline (T0), at 2 weeks after study commencement (T1), and at the 4-week follow-up (T2). The dropout rate was 3.6%. The intervention group (IG) played the game within 2 weeks (2 sessions with different game modules). One part of the game involves selection of food with the lower energy density when presented with a pair of foods. This allows assessment of whether the children have understood the DED-P and whether they can apply it to unknown foods under time pressure. The control group (CG) received a brochure about the food pyramid concept and physical activity. The primary outcome was the gain in knowledge (nutrition and stress coping) and measured with a pretested questionnaire. The secondary outcomes were the maintenance of knowledge, application of the DED-P, feelings during game play, game acceptance, and behavioral measures (physical activity, media consumption, and dietary intake).

Results
The knowledge score ranging from 0 to 100 increased from T0 (IG: 53 [SD 10], CG: 50 [SD 11]) to T1 (IG: 69 [SD 11], CG: 52 [SD 12]) in IG versus CG (P<.001). At T2, the knowledge score of IG remained at the same level as that of T1. Game data showed that after DED-P education, the classification under time pressure of unknown versus known food pairs according to their DED category was similar (hit rate around 70%). Overall, 95% of the children liked the game very much or much. No group changes were observed at the behavioral level.

Conclusions
The Kids Obesity Prevention program sustainably increased knowledge in the areas of nutrition and stress coping, and children were able to apply the DED-P.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02551978; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02551978
Use of Brief Messages Based on Behavior Change Techniques to Encourage Medication Adherence in People With Type 2 Diabetes: Developmental Studies
Authors: Bartlett Yvonne Kiera , Farmer Andrew , Rea Rustam , French David P 
Published: December 2019

Background
Brief messages are a promising way to improve adherence to medication for people with type 2 diabetes. However, it is often unclear how messages have been developed and their precise content, making it difficult to ascertain why certain messages are successful and some are not.

Objective
The goal of the research was to develop messages that have proven fidelity to specified evidence-derived behavior change techniques (BCTs) and are acceptable to people with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
Four studies were conducted: (1) a workshop (n=21) where behavioral change researchers and health care professionals developed messages based on specific BCTs or beliefs or concerns related to taking medication, (2) a focus group study with people with type 2 diabetes (n=23) to assess acceptability of the approach, (3) a survey to ascertain the acceptability of a subset of messages to people with type 2 diabetes (n=61) and, (4) a survey with behavior change researchers to assess the fidelity of a subset of messages to their intended BCT (n=18).

Results
In study 1, 371 messages based on 38 BCTs and beliefs/concerns were developed. Workshop participants rated BCTs to be relevant to medication adherence (mean 7.12/10 [SD 1.55]) and messages to have good fidelity (mean 7.42/10 [SD 1.19]). In study 2, the approach of providing medication adherence support through text messages was found to be acceptable. In study 3, mean acceptability of all BCTs was found to be above the midpoint (mean 3.49/5 [SD 0.26]). In study 4, mean fidelity for all BCTs was found to be above the midpoint (mean 7.61/10 [SD 1.38]).

Conclusions
A library of brief messages acceptable to people with type 2 diabetes and representative of specific evidence-derived BCTs was developed. This approach allowed brief messages to be developed with known content that can be used to test theory.
Digital HIV Care Navigation for Young People Living With HIV in San Francisco, California: Feasibility and Acceptability Study
Authors: Trujillo Dillon , Turner Caitlin , Le Victory , Wilson Erin C , Arayasirikul Sean 
Published: December 2019

Background
HIV continues to be a public health challenge adversely affecting youth and young adults, as they are the fastest-growing group of new HIV infections in the United States and the group with the poorest health outcomes among those living with HIV. HIV prevention science has turned to mobile health as a novel approach to reach and engage young people living with HIV (YPLWH) experiencing barriers to HIV care.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a text message–based HIV care navigation intervention for YPLWH in San Francisco. Health eNavigation is a 6-month text message–based HIV care navigation where YPLWH are connected to their own HIV care navigator through text messaging to improve engagement in HIV primary care. Digital HIV care navigation included delivery of the following through SMS text messaging: (1) HIV care navigation, (2) health promotion and education, (3) motivational interviewing, and (4) social support.

Methods
We evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of a text message–based HIV care navigation intervention among YPLWH. We assessed feasibility using quantitative data for the overall sample (N=120) to describe participant text messaging activity during the intervention. Acceptability was assessed through semistructured, in-depth interviews with a subsample of 16 participants 12 months after enrollment. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using grounded theory.

Results
Overall, the text message–based HIV care navigation intervention was feasible and acceptable. The majority of participants exhibited medium or high levels of engagement (50/120 [41.7%] and 26/120 [21.7%], respectively). Of the majority of participants who were newly diagnosed with HIV, 63% (24/38) had medium to high engagement. Similarly, among those who were not newly diagnosed, 63% (52/82) had medium to high engagement. The majority of participants found that the intervention added value to their lives and improved their engagement in HIV care, medication adherence, and viral suppression.

Conclusions
Text message–based HIV care navigation is a potentially powerful tool that may help bridge the gaps for linkage and retention and improve overall engagement in HIV care for many YPLWH. Our results indicate that participation in text message–based HIV care navigation is both feasible and acceptable across pervasive structural barriers that would otherwise hinder intervention engagement.
Cancer Patients’ and Survivors’ Perceptions of the Calm App: Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: Huberty Jennifer , Puzia Megan , Eckert Ryan , Larkey Linda 
Published: December 2019

Background
There is a need for tools to decrease cancer patients’ and survivors’ long-term symptom burden. Complementary strategies, such as meditation, can accompany pharmacologic therapy to improve symptoms. Although support programs with targeted content have wider reach, higher adherence, and greater impact, there are no consumer-based meditation apps designed specifically for cancer.

Objective
This study aimed to gather information to advise the development of a cancer-specific meditation app in a small convenience sample of cancer patients and survivors who currently use the Calm app.

Methods
Adult cancer patients and survivors who are Calm users (N=82) were recruited through the Daily Calm Facebook page. Participants completed a Web-based survey related to Calm app use and satisfaction, interest in and ideas for a cancer-specific Calm app, and demographic characteristics. Open-ended responses were inductively coded.

Results
Participants were aged between 18 and 72 years (mean 48.60 years, SD 15.20), mostly female (77/82, 94%), white (65/79, 82%), and non-Hispanic (70/75, 93%), and reported using Calm at least 5 times per week (49/82, 60%). Although rates of satisfaction with current Calm components were high (between 65/82, 79% and 51/81, 63%), only 49% (40/82) of participants used guided meditations that they felt specifically helped with their cancer-related symptoms and survivorship, and 40% (33/82) would prefer more cancer-related content, with guided meditations for cancer-specific anxieties (eg, fear of recurrence; n=15) and coping with strong emotions (n=12) being the most common suggestions. A majority of participants (51/82, 62%) reported that they would be interested in becoming a member of a Calm cancer community (eg, in-app discussion boards: 41/46, 89%; and social media communities: 35/42, 83%). Almost half of the participants (37/82, 45%) reported that they would benefit from features that tracked symptoms in concurrence with app usage, but respondents were divided on whether this information should be shared with health care providers through the app (49/82, 60% would share).

Conclusions
Responses suggest ways in which the current Calm app could be adapted to better fit cancer patients’ and survivors’ needs and preferences, including adding cancer-specific content, increasing the amount of content focusing on coping with strong emotions, developing communities for Calm users who are cancer patients and survivors, and including features that track cancer-related symptoms. Given differences in opinions about which features were desirable or would be useful, there is a clear need for future cancer-specific apps to be customizable (eg, ability to turn different features on or off). Although future research should address these topics in larger, more diverse samples, these data will serve as a starting point for the development of cancer-specific meditation apps and provide a framework for evaluating their effects.
IN VITRO STUDIES ON THE ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF 2-THIOHYDANTOIN USING α-amylase AND α-GLUCOSIDASE
Authors: UMA S  , DEVIKA PT  
Published: December 2019

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of 2-thiohydantoin on the enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase in vitro as an antidiabetic therapeutic approach to reduce gastrointestinal glucose production.
Methods: Antidiabetic activity of the compound, 2-thiohydantoin was measured using the enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase.
Results: Half-maximal inhibitory concentration of the antidiabetic α-amylase was found to be 410.35 μg/ml and α-glucosidase was found to be 356.33 μg/ml, respectively.
Conclusion: The result obtained in the in vitro enzyme assay suggests the antidiabetic activity of 2-thiohydantoin.
QUALITY OF LIFE ASSESSMENT IN THE HEART FAILURE PATIENTS TAKING STANDARD MEDICAL CARE IN TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: PRIYANKA SHARMa  , MD SAYEED AKHTAR  , FAUZIA TABASSUM  , NIMISHA TANDON  , ANSHU NANDA  
Published: December 2019

Objective: This study was aimed to assess the quality of life (QoL) of the subjects having congestive heart failure (HF) under different domains of life, such as physical, psychological, and social domains, and they started taking the standard care treatment.
Methods: The questionnaire-based prospective study was designed to assess the effects of the HF in different domains of life such as social, psychological, physical, or mental. After getting consent from the subjects, health questionnaire was provided to a total of 60 subjects.
Results: We found drastic improvements in 24% of total HF cases in terms of physical debility, whereas only 15% patients reported none of the complications during taking standard care therapy. Total 32.5% patients aware of the treatment took and to whom contact in an emergency. Psychological disturbances and life satisfaction were observed in 16.66% and 33.33% cases suffering from HF. Patient compliance means personal life, as well as medication adherence, was observed in only 53.33%.
Conclusions: The results obtained from the responses given by the patients in the health questionnaires demonstrated that the HF patients’ needs awareness regarding the therapy precautions that improving the QoL of patients.
DESIGN AND FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT OF FAST-DISSOLVING TABLETS OF IBUPROFEN USING NOVEL NATURAL SUPERDISINTEGRANT
Authors: CHANDRA SEKHAR NAIK D  , BHARATHI A  , BASAVESWARA RAO MV  
Published: December 2019

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate Ocimum gratissimum mucilage as a novel superdisintegrant in the formulation of fast-dissolving tablets (FDT) of Biopharmaceutical Classification System-II drug (Ibuprofen) employing a 23 factorial design.
Methods: O. gratissimum mucilage was extracted by seeds and it was subjected to physical, chemical, and micrometric studies were evaluated. To establish FDT of ibuprofen with O. gratissimum mucilage as a superdisintegrants in different ratios using direct compression method employing 23 factorial design. All the formulation tablets were evaluated pre-compression and post-compression parameters like dissolution efficiency (DE%) percent of drug dissolved at 5 min.
Results: The mucilage was to be found fine, free-flowing crystalline powder, and excellent swelling nature in all suitable solvents and buffers. The Fourier transform infrared and differential scanning calorimetry studies were indicated to no interactions between ibuprofen and O. gratissimum mucilage. All the FDT formulated employing novel mucilage shows good quality with regard drug content (98.05±0.31–99.39±0.54), hardness (3.6– 4 kg/sq. cm), and friability (0.12–0.15%). The optimized formulation batch shows less disintegrant time (30±0.06). In vitro wetting time was less (i.e., 90 s) in optimized formulation F2. The water absorption ratio of the formulated tablets was found to be in the range of 99±0.56. The cumulative drug dissolved in the optimized formulation F2 was found to be 99% in 10 min.
Conclusion: O. gratissimum mucilage was found to be a novel superdisintegrant which enhanced the DE when combined with crospovidone and croscarmellose sodium; hence, it could be used in the formulation of FDT to provide immediate release of the contained drug within 5 min.
THE IMPACT OF DIFFERENT REGIMENS OF VITAMIN D3 ON GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: SAMIA MOHAMED ALI  , YEHIA MOSTAFA GHANEM  , OLA ATEF SHARAKI  , WAFAA AHMED HEWEDY  , ESRAA SAEED HABIBA  
Published: December 2019

Objective: Vitamin D has a role in the regulation of pancreatic β-cell function and insulin sensitivity. Accordingly, Vitamin D deficiency is considered to be a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess and compare the effect of different regimens of Vitamin D3 on glucose homeostasis in patients with T2DM.
Methods: The study included 80 patients with T2DM taking oral antidiabetic drugs. The patients were randomized to receive antidiabetic drugs alone or with different regimens of Vitamin D3 for 3 months. Vitamin D3-treated patients were supplemented by either daily oral 4000 IU Vitamin D3, weekly oral 50,000 IU Vitamin D3, or a single parenteral dose of 300,000 IU Vitamin D3. In addition to the assessment of patient characteristics, laboratory measurements of serum creatinine, blood urea, total and ionized calcium, serum phosphorus, fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, hemoglobin A1c, and 25(OH) Vitamin D levels were measured at the beginning and after 3 months.
Results: After 3 months, the increased Vitamin D levels resulting from the daily and weekly oral doses of Vitamin D3 caused a significant decrease in metabolic parameters, whereas the parenteral dose demonstrated a non-significant decrease.
Conclusion: Oral daily and weekly doses of Vitamin D3 could improve glucose homeostasis equally in patients with T2DM and better than a single parenteral dose of Vitamin D3.