bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-Temperature Compositions with Two Gel-forming Components for Water Shut-off Purposes and Oil Recovery Increase
Authors: Chernova U V , Kozlov V V , Altunina L K , Stasyeva L A , Kuvshinov V A , Sholidodov M R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the results of laboratory studies on the developed low-temperature nanostructured gel-forming compositions for water shut-off purposes. Kinetic and rheological tests of different gel-forming compositions have been carried out. The physical model is devised, and filtration characteristics of the compositions are studied. Ultimately, the efficiency of their application to limit water inflow and to increase the oil displacement coefficient is investigated.
Structural and Mechanical Properties of Water Oil Emulsions of Highly Viscous Oils
Authors: Savrasova E A , Yudina N V , Nebogina N A , Volkova G I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The results of the study of the process of formation of emulsions in high viscosity oils are presented. The effect of the oil composition and the content of the aqueous phase on the microstructure, rheological properties, and activation energy of the viscous flow of oil-water emulsions are shown. Based on the analysis of the group composition of oils and the intermediate layer formed during the separation of emulsions, an increase in the mass fraction of benzene, alcohol-benzene resins, and asphaltenes in the intermediate layer is established.
Application of multilayer carbon nanotubes for creation of coatings absorbing electromagnetic radiation
Authors: Shchegolkov A , Zavolokina L , Diesperova N , Parfimovich I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the use of carbon nanotubes as modifiers-materials for protection against electromagnetic radiation. The technique of obtaining nanomodified composites, as well as the method of characterization of carbon nanostructures is presented. Studies have shown that there is a linear dependence of the reflection coefficient on the frequency for composites modified multilayer carbon nanotubes based on Ni / 0.16 MgO catalyst. It was found that composites containing multilayer carbon nanotubes based on Ni / 0.16 MgO allow to achieve low values of the reflection coefficient and non-dependence of the reflection coefficient on the increase in frequency.
Investigation of heating of nanomodified polymers under the action of microwave radiation
Authors: Shchegolkov A , Semenov A , Kiryakova M , Samofalova R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the study of heating nanomodified polymers under the action of microwave radiation. Modification of polyethylene was carried out using CNTs synthesized on Co-Mo / Al2O3-MgO catalysts. The influence of CNTs concentration on the temperature regime of polymer heating is investigated. The study of interaction with microwave radiation was carried out at the emitter power of 800 W in 2 minute increments for 8 minutes
Acoustic emission response and progressive failure behaviors of composite adhesively bonded joints loaded by Mode I and II
Authors: Liu Ran , Shen Gong-Tian , Zhang Peng-fei , Zhou Wei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The analysis of progressive failure process is one of the critical issues in the research of composite adhesive joints. In view of this point, acoustic emission (AE) is applied to real-time monitoring of the dynamic damage process of composite adhesive joints in some loading modes such as Mode I (double cantilever beam (DCB)) and Mode II (end notch flexures (ENF)). Furthermore, the high speed camera and scanning electron microscopy are carried to analyses the damage mechanisms of composite bonded joints. Results show that there are significant differences in the load- deflection curves of the specimens under the loads of Mode I and II. The main failure mode of the two types of loading modes is adhesion failure, and the accumulation of damage observed at the edge of the adhesively bonded layer cause defeat of the composite bonded joints. In addition, AE parameters including amplitude, hits, energy, and duration are connected with the fail mechanism. Furthermore, the dynamic characteristics of the AE signal, especially amplitude spectrum distribution, can provide evidences for studying progressive failure behaviors of composite adhesive joints.
The effect of geometry parameters on light harvesting performance of GaN nanostructure arrays—a numerical investigation and simulation
Authors: Zhangyang Xingyue , Liu Lei , Lv Zhisheng , Lu Feifei , Tian Jian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper, COMSOL Multiphysics Commercial Package software is used to simulate the models of two kinds of GaN nanostructure arrays, and to study how the geometric structure and periodicity of arrays affect the optical properties of GaN nanostructures. By analyzing the schematic diagram of electric field distribution and absorption curves of GaN nanostructure arrays, we concluded that the absorptivity is a decreasing function of periodicity in non-homogenous shaped nanostructures. In addition, a gentle change in geometric structure or having a lower effective refraction index on the incident side of the light are more conducive to enhancing the light absorption ability of GaN nanostructure arrays. Simulation experiments on GaN nanostructures will provide some references for the structural design of photocathodes, which will help UV detectors to achieve efficient light absorption.
Corrigendum and addendum to “The structure monoid and algebra of a non-degenerate set-theoretic solution of the Yang–Baxter equation”
Authors: Jespers Eric , Kubat Łukasz , Van Antwerpen Arne 
Published: November 2019

One of the main results stated in Theorem 4.4 of our article, which appears in Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 372 (2019), no. 10, 7191–7223, is that the structure algebra

K
[
M
(
X
,
r
)
]

K[M(X,r)]

, over a field

K
K

, of a finite bijective left non-degenerate solution

(
X
,
r
)

(X,r)

of the Yang–Baxter equation is a module-finite central extension of a commutative affine subalgebra. This is proven by showing that the structure monoid

M
(
X
,
r
)

M(X,r)

is central-by-finite. This however is not true, even in case

(
X
,
r
)

(X,r)

is a (left and right) non-degenerate involutive solution. The proof contains a subtle mistake. However, it turns out that the monoid

M
(
X
,
r
)

M(X,r)

is abelian-by-finite and thus the conclusion that

K
[
M
(
X
,
r
)
]

K[M(X,r)]

is a module-finite normal extension of a commutative affine subalgebra remains valid. In particular,

K
[
M
(
X
,
r
)
]

K[M(X,r)]

is Noetherian and satisfies a polynomial identity. The aim of this paper is to give a proof of this result. In doing so, we also strengthen Lemma 5.3 (and its consequences, namely Lemma 5.4 and Proposition 5.5) showing that these results on the prime spectrum of the structure monoid hold even if the assumption that the solution

(
X
,
r
)

(X,r)

is square-free is omitted.
Assessing radiation dose limits for X-ray fluorescence microscopy analysis of plant specimens
Authors: Jones Michael W M , Kopittke Peter M , Casey Lachlan , Reinhardt Juliane , Blamey F Pax C , van der Ent Antony 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background and Aims
X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) is a powerful technique to elucidate the distribution of elements within plants. However, accumulated radiation exposure during analysis can lead to structural damage and experimental artefacts including elemental redistribution. To date, acceptable dose limits have not been systematically established for hydrated plant specimens.

Methods
Here we systematically explore acceptable dose rate limits for investigating fresh sunflower (Helianthus annuus) leaf and root samples and investigate the time–dose damage in leaves attached to live plants.

Key Results
We find that dose limits in fresh roots and leaves are comparatively low (4.1 kGy), based on localized disintegration of structures and element-specific redistribution. In contrast, frozen-hydrated samples did not incur any apparent damage even at doses as high as 587 kGy. Furthermore, we find that for living plants subjected to XFM measurement in vivo and grown for a further 9 d before being reimaged with XFM, the leaves display elemental redistribution at doses as low as 0.9 kGy and they continue to develop bleaching and necrosis in the days after exposure.

Conclusions
The suggested radiation dose limits for studies using XFM to examine plants are important for the increasing number of plant scientists undertaking multidimensional measurements such as tomography and repeated imaging using XFM.
Machine learning to predict the long-term risk of myocardial infarction and cardiac death based on clinical risk, coronary calcium, and epicardial adipose tissue: a prospective study
Authors: Commandeur Frederic , Slomka Piotr J , Goeller Markus , Chen Xi , Cadet Sebastien , Razipour Aryabod , McElhinney Priscilla , Gransar Heidi , Cantu Stephanie , Miller Robert J H , Rozanski Alan , Achenbach Stephan , Tamarappoo Balaji K , Berman Daniel S , Dey Damini 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Aims
Our aim was to evaluate the performance of machine learning (ML), integrating clinical parameters with coronary artery calcium (CAC), and automated epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) quantification, for the prediction of long-term risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and cardiac death in asymptomatic subjects.

Methods and results
Our study included 1912 asymptomatic subjects [1117 (58.4%) male, age: 55.8 ± 9.1 years] from the prospective EISNER trial with long-term follow-up after CAC scoring. EAT volume and density were quantified using a fully automated deep learning method. ML extreme gradient boosting was trained using clinical co-variates, plasma lipid panel measurements, risk factors, CAC, aortic calcium, and automated EAT measures, and validated using repeated 10-fold cross validation. During mean follow-up of 14.5 ± 2 years, 76 events of MI and/or cardiac death occurred. ML obtained a significantly higher AUC than atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and CAC score for predicting events (ML: 0.82; ASCVD: 0.77; CAC: 0.77, P &lt; 0.05 for all). Subjects with a higher ML score (by Youden’s index) had high hazard of suffering events (HR: 10.38, P &lt; 0.001); the relationships persisted in multivariable analysis including ASCVD-risk and CAC measures (HR: 2.94, P = 0.005). Age, ASCVD-risk, and CAC were prognostically important for both genders. Systolic blood pressure was more important than cholesterol in women, and the opposite in men.

Conclusions
In this prospective study, machine learning used to integrate clinical and quantitative imaging-based variables significantly improves prediction of MI and cardiac death compared with standard clinical risk assessment. Following further validation, such a personalized paradigm could potentially be used to improve cardiovascular risk assessment.
Efficacy of JAK inhibitors in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Rogler Gerhard 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Inhibition of Janus kinases [JAKs] in Crohn’s disease [CD] patients has shown conflicting results in clinical trials. Tofacitinib, a pan-JAK inhibitor, showed efficacy in ulcerative colitis [UC] and has been approved for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe UC. In contrast, studies in CD patients were disappointing and the primary end point of clinical remission could not be met in the respective phase II induction and maintenance trials. Subsequently, the clinical development of tofacitinib was discontinued in CD. In contrast, efficacy of filgotinib, a selective JAK1 inhibitor, in CD patients was demonstrated in the randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase II FITZROY study. Upadacitinib also showed promising results in a phase II trial in moderate to severe CD. Subsequently, phase III programmes in CD have been initiated for both substances, which are still ongoing. Several newer molecules of this class of orally administrated immunosuppressants are being tested in clinical programmes. The concern of side effects of systemic JAK inhibition is addressed by either exclusively intestinal action or higher selectivity [Tyk2 inhibitors]. In general, JAK inhibitors constitute a new promising class of drugs for the treatment of CD.
Biosensors design in yeast and applications in metabolic engineering
Authors: Qiu Chenxi , Zhai Haotian , Hou Jin 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Engineering microbial cell factories is a potential approach of sustainable production of chemicals, fuels and pharmaceuticals. However, testing the production of molecules in high throughput is still a time-consuming and laborious process since product synthesis usually does not confer a clear phenotype. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new techniques for fast high-producer screening. Genetically encoded biosensors are considered to be promising devices for high-throughput analysis owing to their ability to sense metabolites and couple detection to an actuator, thereby facilitating the rapid detection of small molecules at single-cell level. Here, we review recent advances in the design and engineering of biosensors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and their applications in metabolic engineering. Three types of biosensor are introduced in this review: transcription factor based, RNA-based and enzyme-coupled biosensors. The studies to improve the features of biosensors are also described. Moreover, we summarized their metabolic engineering applications in dynamic regulation and high producer selection. Current challenges in biosensor design and future perspectives on sensor applications are also discussed.
The Telegraphic Revolution: Speed, Space and Time in the Nineteenth Century*
Authors: Johnston Jean-Michel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article investigates the impact of the ‘communications revolution’ upon experiences of time and space during the nineteenth century. Focusing upon the first three decades of telegraphic communication, it unpacks the assumptions underlying linear narratives of ‘acceleration’ and ‘time-space compression’ to understand the roots of Germany’s fraught relationship to modernity. In doing so, it highlights the importance of the changes which took place between the 1848 revolutions and the early years of the Kaiserreich and which laid the foundations for the peculiarities of the Wilhelmine Era. During this period, it argues, the perceived impact of telegraphic communication, the ‘expansion’ or ‘contraction’ of space and time, varied from one person and place to another, reflecting the technology’s progressive and uneven expansion across Germany. Access to new networks of communication was dependent upon, and in turn influenced, the changing status of individuals, towns and the countryside experiencing the forces of industrialization, market capitalism and globalization. Speed, space and time, as a result, became a measure of the divisions emerging in modern Germany.
Candidate Biomarkers of Suicide Crisis Syndrome: What to Test Next? A Concept Paper
Authors: Calati Raffaella , Nemeroff Charles B , Lopez-Castroman Jorge , Cohen Lisa J , Galynker Igor 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere has been increasing interest in both suicide-specific diagnoses within the psychiatric nomenclature and related biomarkers. Because the Suicide Crisis Syndrome—an emotional crescendo of several interrelated symptoms—seems to be promising for the identification of individuals at risk of suicide, the aim of the present paper is to review the putative biological underpinnings of the Suicide Crisis Syndrome symptoms (entrapment, affective disturbance, loss of cognitive control, hyperarousal, social withdrawal).MethodsA PubMed literature search was performed to identify studies reporting a link between each of the 5 Suicide Crisis Syndrome symptoms and biomarkers previously reported to be associated with suicidal outcomes.ResultsDisturbances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, with dysregulated corticotropin-releasing hormone and cortisol levels, may be linked to a sense of entrapment. Affective disturbance is likely mediated by alterations in dopaminergic circuits involved in reward and antireward systems as well as endogenous opioids. Loss of cognitive control is linked to altered neurocognitive function in the areas of executive function, attention, and decision-making. Hyperarousal is linked to autonomic dysregulation, which may be characterized by a reduction in both heart rate variability and electrodermal activity. Social withdrawal has been associated with oxytocin availability. There is also evidence that inflammatory processes may contribute to individual Suicide Crisis Syndrome symptoms.ConclusionThe Suicide Crisis Syndrome is a complex syndrome that is likely the consequence of distinct changes in interconnected neural, neuroendocrine, and autonomic systems. Available clinical and research data allow for development of empirically testable hypotheses and experimental paradigms to scrutinize the biological substrates of the Suicide Crisis Syndrome.
Interleukin-34 expression in ovarian cancer: a possible correlation with disease progression
Authors: Endo Hiraku , Hama Naoki , Baghdadi Muhammad , Ishikawa Kozo , Otsuka Ryo , Wada Haruka , Asano Hiroshi , Endo Daisuke , Konno Yosuke , Kato Tatsuya , Watari Hidemichi , Tozawa Akiko , Suzuki Nao , Yokose Tomoyuki , Takano Atsushi , Kato Hisamori , Miyagi Yohei , Daigo Yataro , Seino Ken-ichiro 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the second-most lethal gynecological malignancy and the seventh-commonest cause of cancer-related death in women around the world. Most of the ovarian cancer patients are diagnosed at advanced stages and suffer from recurrence after primary cytoreductive surgery and standard first-line chemotherapy. Thus, the successful management of ovarian cancer patients requires the identification of factors that contribute to progression and relapse. Interleukin-34 (IL-34) is a novel cytokine that acts as a tissue-specific ligand of colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R). In cancer, IL-34 exerts pro-tumorigenic functions that promote tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune suppression and therapeutic resistance. In this study, we evaluate the impact of IL-34 on progression and survival of ovarian cancer patients. First, IL-34 was found to be expressed in several human ovarian cancer cell lines and cancer tissues from patients. The expression of IL-34 was enhanced by cytotoxic chemotherapy in ovarian cancer cell lines and cancer tissues from chemotherapy-treated ovarian cancer patients. Importantly, high IL-34 expression correlated with worse progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival in different cohorts. The assessment of PFS based on a combination between IL34 expression and other related genes such as CSF1R and CD163 helped further to reach more statistical significance compared with IL34 alone. Furthermore, in the murine ovarian cancer cell HM-1 in vivo model, it was suggested that IL-34-derived tumor cells was correlated with tumor progression and survival by modulating the immune environment. Collectively, these findings indicate a possible correlation between IL-34 expression and disease progression in ovarian cancer patients and the mouse model.
Influence of Host Plant Species and Fertilization Regime on Larval Performance and Feeding Preference of the Redbacked Cutworm and the Pale Western Cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Batallas Ronald E , Evenden Maya L 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe redbacked cutworm, Euxoa ochrogaster (Guenée), and the pale western cutworm, Agrotis orthogonia (Morrison), are generalist pests that cause sporadic economic damage to several annual crops in the Canadian Prairies. Early larval instars feed on foliage, whereas mature larvae eat into the stem and sever crop seedlings. Here, we evaluate the influence of annual crop species and host fertilization on the larval performance and feeding preference of both cutworm species. Performance is the ability of an insect to reach its maximum growth potential. The first set of experiments evaluated larval development and preference on canola (Brassica napus L. [Capparales: Brassicaeae]), field peas (Pisum sativa L. [Fabales: Fabaceae]), and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. [Cyperales: Poaceae]). The redbacked cutworm had higher performance on canola and peas, while the pale western cutworm had higher performance on wheat. In multiple-choice feeding experiments, the redbacked cutworm consumed more canola, whereas the pale western cutworm consumed more spring wheat. The third set of experiments evaluated larval development on fertilized and unfertilized seedlings of canola and spring wheat seedlings. When fed unfertilized seedlings, the redbacked cutworm had better performance on canola than spring wheat, whereas pale western cutworm had better performance on spring wheat than canola. Fertilizer application enhanced the performance of both cutworms regardless of the crop species. Despite their generalist feeding behavior, both cutworm species have a larval feeding preference for the host plant on which they achieve high performance. Canola-cereal cropping is a common crop rotation schedule in the region; however, this tactic will not negatively impact cutworm performance.
Molecular Features and Expression Patterns of Vitellogenin Receptor in Calliptamus italicus (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
Authors: Xiang Min , Sang Di , Dong Bin , Hu Hongxia , Ji Rong , Wang Han 
Published: November 2019

AbstractVitellogenin receptor (VgR) mediates the intake of vitellin via oocytes, thus exerting an important role in vitellogenesis. In this study, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid-amplification of cDNA ends techniques were adopted to clone the CiVgR gene, namely the VgR gene of Calliptamus italicus, i.e., Orthopteran. The full length of CiVgR was 5,589 bp, and the open reading frame was estimated to be 5,265 bp, which encoded 1,754 amino acids (aa). Sequence alignment analysis showed that CiVgR belonged to the superfamily of low-density lipoprotein receptor genes, which contained several conserved domains, including ligand-binding domains, epidermal growth factor precursor homology domains, transmembrane domains, and cytoplasmic domains. However, no O-linked sugar domain was identified. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CiVgR had the closest genetic relationship to Blattarias. RT-PCR showed that CiVgR was only specifically expressed in the ovarian tissue of females. quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction showed that the transcription of CiVgR already appeared in the fourth-instar nymph of C. italicus, which gradually increased after adult emergence, peaked at the previtellogenesis stage, and then started to decrease. The expression pattern of CiVgR was closely associated with vitellogenesis. The findings of this study further our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the reproduction of C. italicus, and provide new ideas to control this insect.