bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the Uncertainty of Parameters Measured in Spontaneous Speech of Speakers With Dementia
Authors: Ossewaarde Roelant , Jonkers Roel , Jalvingh Fedor , Bastiaanse Roelien 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
Corpus analyses of spontaneous language fragments of varying length provide useful insights in the language change caused by brain damage, such as caused by some forms of dementia. Sample size is an important experimental parameter to consider when designing spontaneous language analyses studies. Sample length influences the confidence levels of analyses. Machine learning approaches often favor to use as much language as available, whereas language evaluation in a clinical setting is often based on truncated samples to minimize annotation labor and to limit any discomfort for participants. This article investigates, using Bayesian estimation of machine learned models, what the ideal text length should be to minimize model uncertainty.

Method
We use the Stanford parser to extract linguistic variables and train a statistic model to distinguish samples by speakers with no brain damage from samples by speakers with probable Alzheimer's disease. We compare the results to previously published models that used CLAN for linguistic analysis.

Results
The uncertainty around six individual variables and its relation to sample length are reported. The same model with linguistic variables that is used in all three experiments can predict group membership better than a model without them. One variable (concept density) is more informative when measured using the Stanford tools than when measured using CLAN.

Conclusion
For our corpus of German speech, the optimal sample length is found to be around 700 words long. Longer samples do not provide more information.
Detection of Articulatory Deficits in Parkinson's Disease: Can Systematic Manipulations of Phonetic Complexity Help?
Authors: Kuruvilla-Dugdale Mili , Salazar Mary , Zhang Anqing , Mefferd Antje S. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
This study sought to determine the feasibility of using phonetic complexity manipulations as a way to systematically assess articulatory deficits in talkers with progressive dysarthria due to Parkinson's disease (PD).

Method

Articulatory kinematics were recorded using three-dimensional electromagnetic articulography from 15 talkers with PD (58–84 years old) and 15 healthy controls (55–80 years old) while they produced target words embedded in a carrier phrase. Majority of the talkers with PD exhibited a relatively mild dysarthria. For stimuli selection, phonetic complexity was calculated for a variety of words using the framework proposed by
Kent (1992)
, and six words representative of low, medium, and high phonetic complexity were selected as targets. Jaw, posterior tongue, and anterior tongue kinematic measures that were used to test for phonetic complexity effects included movement speed, cumulative path distance, movement range, movement duration, and spatiotemporal variability.

Results
Significantly smaller movements and slower movement speeds were evident in talkers with PD, predominantly for words with high phonetic complexity. The effect sizes of between-groups differences were larger for several jaw kinematic measures than those of the tongue.

Discussion and Conclusion
Findings suggest that systematic manipulations of phonetic complexity can support the detection of articulatory deficits in talkers with PD. Phonetic complexity should therefore be leveraged for the assessment of articulatory performance in talkers with progressive dysarthria. Future work will be directed toward linking speech kinematic and auditory–perceptual measures to determine the clinical significance of the current findings.
Intense Cycling Exercise Improves Acute Cognitive Responses
Authors: Kunzler Marcos Roberto , Carpes Felipe P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntense exercise promotes long-term gains in cognitive functions. On the other
hand, intense exercise may result in acute effects not clearly determined for
cognitive performance. A condition of stochastic intensity ranging from moderate
to maximal efforts is part of sports like cycling, in which cognitive integrity
is also important for fast decision making and information processing especially
during high-speed performances. In this study we investigate the acute effect of
cycling at intensities corresponding to 60%, 80% and 95%
of the maximal power output (MP) on selective attention, reaction time and
short-term memory in amateur trained cyclists. In this cross sectional study 20
male cyclists performed maximal and submaximal cycling tests under different
exercise intensities. Cognitive measures were conducted before and after
exercise. We found that short duration high intensity cycling (95%)
improves selective attention but increases variability in simple reaction time
responses, without significant effects on short-term memory. The high intensity
exercise improves ability to manage more complex cognitive task especially when
the variability in the task does not increase.
COVID-19: Symptome und Frühzeichen auch bei leichten Verlaufsformen – Bedeutung von Riechstörungen und Ruhepuls
Authors: Isenmann Anna , Isenmann Stefan 
Published: June 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die ersten Arbeiten über die neue COVID-19-Erkrankung berichteten von schwer betroffenen, häufig intensivpflichtigen Patienten mit Pneumonien. Zwischenzeitlich wurden vermehrt mildere Verläufe beschrieben. Hier wird erstmals der Verlauf der Symptomatik von 5 leichten COVID-19-Erkrankungen ohne stationäre Behandlungspflicht in einer Familie dargestellt.
Anamnese Ein 56-jähriger, bislang gesunder Mann, Freizeit-Ausdauersportler, bemerkte nach kurzen Episoden mit Geruchsmissempfindungen eine Anosmie. Wenige Tage später stieg sein Ruhepuls deutlich an. Es folgten Reizhusten, Abgeschlagenheit und Myalgien. Im gleichen Zeitraum traten Symptome bei den 4 bislang ebenfalls gesunden Familienmitgliedern auf.
Diagnostik und Befunde Beim Indexpatienten bestand ein trockener Reizhusten. Der internistische Befund war unauffällig, Herzfrequenz 60/min, Temperatur 36,6 °C. Neurologisch zeigte sich eine Anosmie. Die RT-PCR für SARS-CoV-2 aus dem tiefen Rachenabstrich war bei allen 5 Familienmitgliedern positiv.
Therapie und Verlauf In häuslicher Quarantäne bestanden Symptome über etwa 2 Wochen. Eine Anosmie sowie Gliederschmerzen bestanden bei allen Betroffenen, eine Geschmacksstörung, Abgeschlagenheit sowie Reizhusten und Halsschmerzen bei 4 von 5. Ruhedyspnoe oder gastrointestinale Symptome traten nicht auf. Es kam zu Ein- und Durchschlafstörungen. Erhöhte Temperatur oder Fieber bestand bei keinem der Betroffenen. Spezifische medizinische oder medikamentöse Behandlung war nicht erforderlich. Es kam in der Folge der Erkrankung zu keinen fassbaren Organkomplikationen; die körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit erholte sich.
Diskussion Es wird eine 5-köpfige Familie ohne Vorerkrankungen mit mildem Verlauf einer COVID-19-Erkrankung beschrieben. Die Symptome werden in Verlauf und Intensität dargestellt. Eine Anosmie kann den übrigen Symptomen um Tage vorangehen und als Frühzeichen einer Infektion erfasst werden, was auch epidemiologisch von Bedeutung sein kann. Ein Anstieg des Ruhepulses kann auch ohne Fieber als Erkrankungszeichen beobachtet werden. Symptome und Verlauf werden im Kontext der Pandemie und der Infektionskontrolle diskutiert.
Studie zur Immunität gegen SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Kern Peter M. , Müller Hans-Helge , Menzel Thomas , Weisser Heike 
Published: June 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Hintergrund: Der indikationsgesteuert durchgeführte direkte Virusnachweis (RT-PCR im Abstrich) unterschätzt wegen der möglichen asymptomatischen Verläufe die Zahl der SARS-CoV-2-Infizierten erheblich. Daher sind populationsbasierte Erhebungen der Antikörperprävalenz zur verlässlichen Einschätzung der gegenwärtigen Pandemie unverzichtbar.
Methoden: In einem Klinikum der Maximalversorgung wurden 74,8 % aller Mitarbeiter/innen mit direktem Patientenkontakt (n = 1480) sowie als nicht medizinprofessionelle Kontrollgruppe Mitarbeiter/innen lokaler Supermärkte mit direktem Kundenkontakt (n = 300) auf Antikörper der Klassen IgA und IgG gegen SARS-CoV-2 getestet. Die Gesamtkohorte stellt zugleich 1,5 % der Bevölkerung der Stadtregion Fulda mit 125 000 Einwohnern dar.
Ergebnisse: 1,0 % der Testpersonen waren positiv für IgG, 4,4 % für IgA. Bei einer Testspezifität von 99,6 % (IgG) bzw. 92,4 % (IgA) liegt weder im Gesamttestkollektiv noch in einer der Untergruppen eine klinisch signifikante Immunität gegen SARS-CoV-2 vor.
Schlussfolgerung: Von einer relevanten Anzahl durchlaufener unerkannter Infektionen kann in dieser Region nicht ausgegangen werden. Die noch spärlichen Daten aus internationalen Regionen lassen Immunitätsraten bis maximal 60 % in stark exponierten Kollektiven vermuten, wobei sich in Deutschland ein dynamisches Mosaik mit aktuellen Werten zwischen null und 15 % abzeichnet. Diese Heterogenität legt eine regionale Planung der Maßnahmen zur Kontrolle der Virusausbreitung nahe. Ein relevanter immunologischer Schutz der Bevölkerung vor SARS- CoV-2 ist bis zur Verfügbarkeit einer Impfung nicht zu erwarten.
Management of Aortic Pseudoaneurysms: Evolving Concepts and Controversies
Authors: Stamou Sotiris C. , Conway Brian D. , Nores Marcos A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Techniques to repair aortic pseudoaneurysms have been rapidly evolving. We present our results following open and endovascular repair of aortic pseudoaneurysms from 2009 to 2013.
Methods A total of nine patients underwent pseudoaneurysm repair from April 2009 to February 2013. Of them, five underwent open repair and four underwent endovascular repair. The median age was 58 years (range, 40–72 years) and two (22%) were females. Preoperative, operative, and postoperative data are presented along with operative modality.
Results Two patients died during the period of study. Patient 1 died from massive hemorrhage at the site of prior stenting. Patient 7 died from postoperative cardiac arrest and respiratory failure. A single patient required hemorrhage-related reexploration. None of the patients experienced stroke or acute renal failure following repair. Median hospital and intensive care unit length of stays were 7.1 (range, 1–20) and 2.0 (range, 1–5), respectively.
Conclusions Pseudoaneurysm repair can be effectively achieved through open or percutaneous repair but only after careful consideration of anatomical constraints, as well as patient comorbidities.
Predictors and Outcomes of Cardiac Events following Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair in Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection
Authors: Acheampong Derrick O. , Paul Philip , Boateng Percy , Leitman I. Michael 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Cardiac events following thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) have been associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, predictors of post-TEVAR cardiac events in descending thoracic aortic aneurysm or dissection are poorly understood.
Methods A retrospective analysis of completed TEVAR procedures performed from 2010 to 2016 was conducted using the ACS-NSQIP (American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program) participant user file database. Adult patients (≥18 years) who underwent TEVAR for descending thoracic aortic aneurysm or dissection were identified and 30-day outcomes were examined. An initial univariate analysis was performed to determine associations between all patient variables and cardiac events, defined as myocardial infarction or cardiac arrest that occurred ≤30 days of surgery. Multivariate logistic regression was subsequently performed to identify independent risk factors for cardiac events following TEVAR.
Results The study identified 150 out of 2,905 (5.2%) patients who underwent TEVAR for descending thoracic aortic aneurysm or dissection who developed cardiac events. No significant difference in incidence of cardiac events was noted among patients presenting with aortic aneurysm or dissection (p = 0.339). The overall 30-day mortality rate for all patients was 9.1%. Independent preoperative predictors of post-TEVAR cardiac events included emergency procedure (odds ratio [OR] 2.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9–4.1, p < 0.01); American Society of Anesthesiologists score >3 (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.1–2.6, p = 0.01), ventilator dependence (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.3–4.2, p < 0.01), renal failure (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.50–4.3, p < 0.01), blood transfusion (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.1–3.2, p = 0.03), and preoperative leukocytosis (OR 2.45, 1.6–3.8, p < 0.01). After TEVAR, unplanned reintubation (OR 5.52, 95% CI 3.5–8.8, p < 0.01), prolonged mechanical ventilation (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.2–3.2, p = 0.011), and postoperative blood transfusion (OR 4.02, 95% CI 2.70–6.0, p < 0.01) were independent predictors of cardiac events. Cardiac events greatly increased mortality (60.7 vs. 5.5%), total length of hospital stay (13.2 ± 14.7 days vs. 8.3 ± 9.3 days), and readmission rates (19.3 vs. 8.2%, p < 0.01).
Conclusions Cardiac events following TEVAR are associated with significant mortality. Patients with these risk factors should be appropriately monitored to improve outcomes.
Menos masculino, demasiado infantil
Authors: Hadodo Matthew John , Kanwit Matthew 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Age is an under-analyzed variable in linguistic research concerning gender and sexuality. We consider these three
constructs by examining diminutives as an index of gay sexuality in Madrid Spanish across two tasks. Although phonetic cues have received
great attention, morphological features (e.g. diminutives) may also index gayness (Mendes 2014).
Moreover, despite frequent usage across Spanish-speaking varieties, diminutives are primarily restricted to women and children in
north-central Spain (Haensch 2002). In a diminutive reaction task, 53 Madrid residents indicated
whether men, women, adults, or children were likely to have uttered diminutivized sentences. Mixed-effects models indicated that the number
of diminutives and sentence theme significantly affected perception, and participants’ evaluations in a free response task corroborated that
men using diminutives were considered effeminate, gay, and childish. Thus, even with sociophonetic cues removed, morphological phenomena
create a gay percept. This study demonstrates how age ideologies inform indexicalization processes related to gender and sexuality.
The deep coloniality of economics – a (r)evolutionary appraisal
Authors: Kellecioglu Deniz 
Published: June 2020

SUMMARY
Mainstream economics not only generates economic inequalities, but also helps to subjugate minds, and thereby entrenches and exacerbates power imbalances through subordinated behaviour. These destructive effects are especially true in contemporary African societies where asymmetric power between elites and people are far greater. Three tracks of action are proposed in response: (1) dismantling subjugatory institutions (structural and ideational) and (2) nurturing emancipatory institutions, while (3) ensuring that access to power increasingly corresponds to knowledge, ethics and intentions that are people- and planet-oriented. This analytical approach with critical problem-determination and emancipatory solution-orientation is here labelled ‘(r)evolutionary appraisal’.
Investigation of buffer gas trapping of positrons
Authors: Baker C J , Isaac C A , Edwards D , Evans H T , Clayton R , van der Werf D P , Charlton M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A study of positron capture in a two-(pressure) stage buffer gas accumulation apparatus is presented for a variety of species, including some molecules which are known to be either efficient for positron trapping, or are frequently used to cool the particles when held in these devices. Absolute accumulation efficiencies are reported for all species. A detailed optimisation procedure, which has identified the main processes responsible for positron capture and loss in the trap, has been deployed to explore accumulation efficiency as the gas pressure and the electrostatic well depth in the trap are systematically varied. Accumulation exploiting energy loss via molecular vibrational transitions has been observed for the first time for a number of gases, though at much lower efficiency than achieved using electronic excitation processes.
Observation of dominant Ohmic electron power absorption in capacitively coupled radio frequency argon discharges at low pressure
Authors: Vass Máté , Wilczek Sebastian , Lafleur Trevor , Brinkmann Ralf Peter , Donkó Zoltán , Schulze Julian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We present a spatio-temporally resolved analysis of electron power absorption in capacitively coupled argon plasmas at low pressures (1–10 Pa), based on the 1D momentum balance equation embedded into 1d3v particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collisions simulations. In contrast to the predictions of theoretical models we find ‘Ohmic heating’ to be the dominant electron power absorption mechanism on time average at the lowest pressures, and not ‘stochastic’ or ‘Pressure heating’. The cause for this is identified to be the attenuation of electron power absorption due to electron acceleration by the ‘ambipolar’ electric field on time average at low pressure, which is a consequence of the collisionless transit of energetic beam electrons generated during sheath expansion at one electrode to the opposite electrode. At such conditions, these energetic electrons arrive during the local sheath collapse and can be lost to the surface, thereby reducing the plasma density and creating a temporally more symmetric electron temperature within the radio frequency (RF) period compared to that in discharges operated at higher pressures. The more symmetric temperature profile causes a reduction of ‘Pressure heating’ on time average. The latter is reduced further, even to negative values, by the attenuation of the ‘ambipolar’ electric field at each electrode during the local sheath collapse, which is a consequence of the temporal modulation of the electron density profile within the RF period, observed at the lowest pressures studied.
Transverse Ward-Takahashi identities and full vertex functions in different representations of QED3 *
Authors: Luo Cui-Bai , Zong Hong-Shi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We derive the transverse Ward-Takahashi identities (WTI) of N-dimensional quantum electrodynamics by means of the canonical quantization method and the path integration method, and subsequently attempt to prove that QED3 is solvable based on the transverse and longitudinal WTI, indicating that the full vector and tensor vertices functions can be expressed in terms of the fermion propagators in QED3. Further, we discuss the effect of different γ matrix representations on the full vertex function.
Investigation of rare semileptonic

decays with non-universal Z′ effect
Authors: Maji P. , Mahata S. , Nayek P. , Biswas S. , Sahoo S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We analyze different decay observables of semileptonic decays

, such as the branching ratio, forward-backward asymmetry, polarization fraction, and lepton polarization asymmetry in the non-universal

model. We further study the dependence of the branching fraction to the new model parameters and find that the values of different decay parameters increase in the

model, which indicates a possible approach for the search of new physics as well as for the unknown phenomena of the charm B meson.
Self-consistent mean field approximation and application in three-flavor NJL model
Authors: Yu Zi-Xiong , Zhao Tong , Zong Hong-Shi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this study, we apply a self-consistent mean field approximation of the three-flavor Nambu–Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model and compare it with the two-flavor NJL model. The self-consistent mean field approximation introduces a new parameter,

, that cannot be fixed in advance by the mean field approach itself. Due to the lack of experimental data, the parameter,

, is undetermined. Hence, it is regarded as a free parameter and its influence on the chiral phase transition of strong interaction matter is studied based on this self-consistent mean field approximation.

affects numerous properties of the chiral phase transitions, such as the position of the phase transition point and the order of phase transition. Additionally, increasing

will decrease the number densities of different quarks and increase the chemical potential at which the number density of the strange quark is non-zero. Finally, we observed that

affects the equation of state (EOS) of the quark matter, and the sound velocity can be calculated to determine the stiffness of the EOS, which provides a good basis for studying the neutron star mass-radius relationship.
Chiral magnetic effect for chiral fermion system *
Authors: Dong Ren-Da , Fang Ren-Hong , Hou De-Fu , She Duan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The chiral magnetic effect is concisely derived by employing the Wigner function approach in the chiral fermion system. Subsequently, the chiral magnetic effect is derived by solving the Landau levels of chiral fermions in detail. The second quantization and ensemble average leads to the equation of the chiral magnetic effect for righthand and lefthand fermion systems. The chiral magnetic effect arises uniquely from the contribution of the lowest Landau level. We carefully analyze the lowest Landau level and find that all righthand (chirality is +1) fermions move along the direction of the magnetic field, whereas all lefthand (chirality is −1) fermions move in the opposite direction of the magnetic field. Hence, the chiral magnetic effect can be explained clearly using a microscopic approach.
Analytical investigation of γN→N*,Δ* transition helicity amplitudes
Authors: Zolfagharpour Farhad , Aslanzadeh Mehdi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We study the structure of nonstrange baryons by analytically calculating the electromagnetic transition helicity amplitudes of the nucleon and Δ resonances. We employ an improved hypercentral constituent quark model and obtain the corresponding eigenenergies and eigenfunctions in closed forms. Then, we calculate the transverse and longitudinal helicity amplitudes for nucleon and Δ resonances. The comparison of evaluated observables and experimental data indicates good agreement between the proposed model and available data.
Exclusive photoproduction of vector meson at next-to-leading order from color glass condensate *
Authors: Cai Yanbing , Xiang Wenchang , Wang Mengliang , Zhou Daicui 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The exclusive photoproduction of vector mesons (

and

) is investigated by considering the next-to-leading order corrections in the framework of the color glass condensate. We compare the next-to-leading order modified dipole amplitude with the HERA data, finding a good agreement. Our studies show that the

from the leading order, running coupling, and collinearly improved next-to-leading order dipole amplitudes are 2.159, 1.097, and 0.932 for the elastic cross-section, and 2.056, 1.449, and 1.357 for the differential cross-section, respectively. The results indicate that the higher-order corrections contribute significantly to the vector meson productions, and the description of the experimental data is dramatically improved once the higher order corrections are included. We extend the next-to-leading order exclusive vector meson production model to LHC energies using the same parameters obtained from HERA. We find that our model provides a rather good description of the

and

data in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV and 13 TeV in LHCb experiments.