bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Feasibility and Effects of Introducing the USA National Surgical Quality Improvement Program on Clinical Outcomes and Cost in Saudi Arabia: An Observational Study
Authors: Najjar Shahenaz , Almutairi Adel F. , Massoud Rashad , Al-Surimi Khaled , Boghdadly Sami 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed at introducing a systematic clinical registry to assess the outcomes of surgical performances and the associated costs of surgical complications in hospitals of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: This was an observational retrospective cohort study. Three large Saudi public hospitals from different regions participated in the study. A systematic sample consisting of 2077 medical records was retrospectively reviewed after being received from the hospitals' surgical wards. The inclusion criteria of the study were inpatients of the surgical cases, patients older than 18 years, and those who underwent major surgery under general anesthesia. The occurrence of adverse events in surgical wards and the direct costs associated with these surgical adverse events were estimated. Results were reported in terms of odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. A value of p &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Introducing the systematic clinical registry to assess surgical outcomes and complications across multiple hospital sites is feasible. The findings of the study suggest that some areas are exemplary and others need improvement, such as sepsis cases, renal failure, ventilator use for more than 48 h, urinary tract infection, surgical site infection (SSI), length of stay after colorectal surgery, and rehospitalization. Additional costs from surgical complications in Riyadh only were approximately 0.5 million Saudi Arabian Riyal (127,764.40 USD) during that year. Most of the additional costs were due to sepsis and SSI. Conclusion: Empirical evidence derived from the idea of introducing a National Surgical Quality Improvement Program might be generally applicable to other countries in the region and worldwide, and can be used to measure surgical adverse events and track interventions over time. As a result, quality improvement initiatives could be identified to be implemented immediately focusing on preventing several surgical adverse events. A future study is needed to explore the underlying factors that contribute to the occurrence of surgical adverse events to be prevented and/or mitigated.
Tourists’ Emotional Experiences in Global Markets
Authors: Massoletti Carlo 
Published: February 2020

Today, defining the choice trends of tourism consumption requires an in-depth analysis approach towards many features of a territory. These include its attractiveness, accommodation models, commercial network, restaurant catering system and quality of urban areas. Likewise, a modern and effective marketing strategy must take into account all these factors and enable the relevant players to give coordinated responses so that they can optimise resources and achieve common objectives.
Characterization of the air–sea exchange mechanisms during a Mediterranean heavy precipitation event using realistic sea state modelling
Authors: Sauvage César , Lebeaupin Brossier Cindy , Bouin Marie-Noëlle , Ducrocq Véronique 
Published: February 2020

Abstract. This study investigates the mechanisms acting at the air–sea interface during a heavy precipitation event that occurred between 12 and 14 October 2016 over the north-western Mediterranean area and led to large amounts of rainfall (up to 300 mm in 24 h) over the Hérault region (southern France). The study case was characterized by a very strong (>20 m s−1) easterly to south-easterly wind at low level that generated very rough seas (significant wave height of up to 6 m) along the French Riviera and the Gulf of Lion. In order to investigate the role of the waves on air–sea exchanges during such extreme events, a set of numerical experiments was designed using the Météo-France kilometre-scale AROME-France numerical weather prediction model – including the WASP (Wave-Age-dependant Stress Parametrization) sea surface turbulent flux parametrization – and the WaveWatch III wave model. Results from these sensitivity experiments in the forced or coupled modes showed that taking the waves generated by the model into account increases the surface roughness. Thus, the increase in the momentum flux induces a slowdown of the easterly low-level atmospheric flow and a displacement of the convergence line at sea. Despite strong winds and a young sea below the easterly flow, the turbulent heat fluxes upstream of the precipitating system are not significantly modified. The forecast of the heaviest precipitation is finally modified when the sea state is taken into account; notably, in terms of location, this modification is slightly larger in the forced mode than in the coupled mode, as the coupling interactively balances the wind sea, the stress and the wind.
“Not Theory, Thought”: Collingwood's Early Work on Art
Authors: Struever Nancy S. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
R. G. Collingwood's strong, early, inventive interests in aesthetic experience and art activity were of fundamental importance to his lifelong engagement with philosophy and his critique of the available “academic” philosophies. And his work finds reinforcement in the current speculations in the philosophy of art of Alva Noë.
Oproepingsprocessen-verbaal
Authors: Hu-a-ng W.A.M. 
Published: February 2020

Oproepingsprocessen-verbaal
Dit artikel gaat over oproepingsprocessen-verbaal en het grote onrecht dat de burger door de overheid aangedaan kan worden indien het model van de oproepingsprocessen-verbaal niet meer overeenkomt met wat dagelijks in de praktijk wordt uitgeschreven. Wet en praktijk sluiten dus niet meer op elkaar aan. Het rechtszekerheidsbeginsel brengt met zich mee dat de burger recht heeft op goede wetgeving maar ook op een juiste toepassing ervan. Mijn conclusie is dat het Wetboek van Strafvordering en het Landsbesluit modelformulieren strafvordering aangepast zouden kunnen worden in verband met de termen ‘formulier’ en ‘modelformulier’.
Performance Characteristics of a Targeted Sequencing Platform for Simultaneous Detection of Single Nucleotide Variants, Insertions/Deletions, Copy Number Alterations, and Gene Fusions in Cancer Genome
Authors: Park Kyung , Tran Hung , Eng Kenneth W. , Ramazanoglu Sinan , Marrero Rolon Rebecca M. , Scognamiglio Theresa , Borczuk Alain , Mosquera Juan Miguel , Pan Qiulu , Sboner Andrea , Rubin Mark A. , Elemento Olivier , Rennert Hanna , Fernandes Helen , Song Wei 
Published: February 2020

Context.—
An increasing number of molecular laboratories are implementing next-generation sequencing platforms to identify clinically actionable and relevant genomic alterations for precision oncology.

Objective.—
To describe the validation studies as per New York State–Department of Health (NYS-DOH) guidelines for the Oncomine Comprehensive Panel v2, which was originally tailored to the National Cancer Institute Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice (NCI-MATCH) trial.

Design.—
Accuracy, precision, and reproducibility were investigated by using 130 DNA and 18 RNA samples from cytology cell blocks; formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues; and frozen samples. Analytic sensitivity and specificity were tested by using ATCC and HapMap cell lines.

Results.—
High accuracy and precision/reproducibility were observed for single nucleotide variants and insertion/deletions. We also share our experience in the detection of gene fusions and copy number alterations from an amplicon-based sequencing platform. After sequencing analysis, variant annotation and report generation were performed by using the institutional knowledgebase.

Conclusions.—
This study serves as an example for validating a comprehensive targeted next-generation sequencing assay with both DNASeq and RNASeq components for NYS-DOH.
A technique to generate synthetic CT from MRI for abdominal radiotherapy
Authors: Hsu Shu‐Hui , DuPre Pamela , Peng Qi , Tomé Wolfgang A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPurposeTo investigate a method to classify tissues types for synthetic CT generation using MRI for treatment planning in abdominal radiotherapy.MethodsAn institutional review board approved volunteer study was performed on a 3T MRI scanner. In‐phase, fat and water images were acquired for five volunteers with breath‐hold using an mDixon pulse sequence. A method to classify different tissue types for synthetic CT generation in the abdomen was developed. Three tissue clusters (fat, high‐density tissue, and spine/air/lungs) were generated using a fuzzy‐c means clustering algorithm. The third cluster was further segmented into three sub‐clusters that represented spine, air, and lungs. Therefore, five segments were automatically generated. To evaluate segmentation accuracy using the method, the five segments were manually contoured on MRI images as the ground truth, and the volume ratio, Dice coefficient, and Hausdorff distance metric were calculated. The dosimetric effect of segmentation accuracy was evaluated on simulated targets close to air, lungs, and spine using a two‐arc volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technique.ResultsThe volume ratio of auto‐segmentation to manual segmentation was 0.88–2.1 for the air segment and 0.72–1.13 for the remaining segments. The range of the Dice coefficient was 0.24–0.83, 0.84–0.93, 0.94–0.98, 0.93–0.96, and 0.76–0.79 for air, fat, lungs, high‐density tissue, and spine, respectively. The range of the mean Hausdorff distance was 3–29.1 mm, 0.5–1.3 mm, 0.4–1 mm, 0.7–1.6 mm, and 1.2–1.4 mm for air, fat, lungs, high‐density tissue, and spine, respectively. Despite worse segmentation accuracy in air and spine, the dosimetric effect was 0.2% ± 0.2%, with a maximum difference of 0.8% for all target locations.ConclusionA method to generate synthetic CT in the abdomen was developed, and segmentation accuracy and its dosimetric effect were evaluated. Our results demonstrate the potential of using MRI alone for treatment planning in the abdomen.
Electrical Conductivity Gradient Based on Heterofibrous Scaffolds for Stable Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Hong Sang‐Ho , Jung Dae‐Han , Kim Jung‐Hwan , Lee Yong‐Hyeok , Cho Sung‐Ju , Joo Sang Hoon , Lee Hyun‐Wook , Lee Ki‐Suk , Lee Sang‐Young 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe inability to guide the nucleation locations of electrochemically deposited Li has long been considered the main factor limiting the utilization of high‐energy‐density Li‐metal batteries. In this study, an electrical conductivity gradient interfacial host comprising 1D high conductivity copper nanowires and nanocellulose insulating layers is used in stable Li‐metal anodes. The conductivity gradient system guides the nucleation sites of Li‐metal to be directed during electrochemical plating. Additionally, the controlled parameter of the intermediate layer affects the highly stable Li‐metal plating. The electrochemical behavior is confirmed through experiments associated with the COMSOL Multiphysics simulation data. The distributed Li‐ion reaction flux resulting from the controlled electrical conductivity enables stable cycling for more than 250 cycles at 1 mA cm−2. The gradient system effectively suppresses dendrite growth even at a high current density of 5 mA cm−2 and ensures Li plating and stripping with ultra‐long‐term stability. To demonstrate the high‐energy‐density full‐cell application of the developed anode, it is paired with the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode. The cells demonstrate a high capacity retention of 90% with an extremely high Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% over 100 cycles. These results shed light on the formidable challenges involved in exploiting the engineering aspects of high‐energy‐density Li‐metal batteries.
Interface Engineering by Thiazolium Iodide Passivation Towards Reduced Thermal Diffusion and Performance Improvement in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Salado Manuel , Andresini Michael , Huang Peng , Khan Mohd Taukeer , Ciriaco Fulvio , Kazim Samrana , Ahmad Shahzada 
Published: February 2020

AbstractInterface engineering has become one of the most facile and effective approaches to improve solar cells performance and its long‐term stability and to retard unwanted side reactions. Three passivating agents are developed which can functionalize the surface and induce hydrophobicity, by employing substituted thiazolium iodide (TMI) for perovskite solar cells fabrication. The role of TMI interfacial layers in microstructure and electro‐optical properties is assessed for structural as well as transient absorption measurements. TMI treatment resulted in VOC and fill factor enhancement by reducing possible recombination paths at the perovskite/hole selective interface and by reducing the shallow as well as deep traps. These in turn allow to achieve higher performance as compared to the pristine surface. Additionally, the TMI passivated perovskite layer considerably reduces CH3NH3+ thermal diffusion and degradation induced by humidity. The un‐encapsulated perovskite solar cells employing TMI exhibit a remarkable stability under moisture levels (≈50% RH), retaining ≈95% of the initial photon current efficiency after 800 h of fabrication, paving the way towards a potential scalable endeavor.
Draining Over Blocking: Nano‐Composite Janus Separators for Mitigating Internal Shorting of Lithium Batteries
Authors: Gonzalez Matthew S. , Yan Qizhang , Holoubek John , Wu Zhaohui , Zhou Hongyao , Patterson Nicholas , Petrova Victoria , Liu Haodong , Liu Ping 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCatastrophic battery failure due to internal short is extremely difficult to detect and mitigate. In order to enable the next‐generation lithium‐metal batteries, a “fail safe” mechanism for internal short is highly desirable. Here, a novel separator design and approach is introduced to mitigate the effects of an internal short circuit by limiting the self‐discharge current to prevent cell temperature rise. A nano‐composite Janus separator—with a fully electronically insulating side contacting the anode and a partially electronically conductive (PEC) coating with tunable conductivity contacting the cathode—is implemented to intercept dendrites, control internal short circuit resistance, and slowly drain cell capacity. Galvanostatic cycling experiments demonstrate Li‐metal batteries with the Janus separator perform normally before shorting, which then results in a gradual increase of internal self‐discharge over >25 cycles due to PEC‐mitigated shorting. This is contrasted by a sudden voltage drop and complete failure seen with a single layer separator. Potentiostatic charging abuse tests of Li‐metal pouch cells result in dendrites completely penetrating the single‐layer separator causing high short circuit current and large cell temperature increase; conversely, negligible current and temperature rise occurs with the Janus separator where post mortem electron microscopy shows the PEC layer successfully intercepts dendrites.
Hierarchical Micro/Mesoporous Copper Structure with Enhanced Antimicrobial Property via Laser Surface Texturing
Authors: Selvamani Vidhya , Zareei Amin , Elkashif Ahmed , Maruthamuthu Murali Kannan , Chittiboyina Shirisha , Delisi Davide , Li Zheng , Cai Lirong , Pol Vilas G. , Seleem Mohamed N. , Rahimi Rahim 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCopper (Cu) and its alloys have been shown to eradicate a wide range of multidrug‐resistant microbes upon direct contact. In this study, a facile one‐step laser texturing (LT) process is demonstrated to effectively enhance the bactericidal properties of copper surfaces via concurrent selective modification of surface topography and chemistry of laser textured copper (LT‐Cu). Surface morphology and elemental composition are analyzed via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Raman spectroscopy. Surface area and pore size of LT‐Cu is determined by Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. It reveals direct formation of mesoporous structures with higher surface oxide (Cu2O and CuO), which provide a highly stable superhydrophilic property to the LT‐Cu surfaces. The antibacterial properties of LT‐Cu are tested against pathogenic bacterial strains with different concentrations including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA USA300) at 105 CFU mL−1, and Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus at high bacterial concentrations of 108 CFU mL−1 using standard contact killing tests. The analysis shows that LT‐Cu needs 40, 90, 60, and 120 min to completely eradicate the respective bacterial strain. The LT‐Cu causes membrane damage to the bacterial cells immediately after exposure. Furthermore, the biocompatibility of LT‐Cu is investigated by in vitro immune‐staining assays with mammary stromal fibroblasts and T4‐2 cells.
Building High‐Rate Nickel‐Rich Cathodes by Self‐Organization of Structurally Stable Macrovoid
Authors: Kalluri Sujith , Cha Hyungyeon , Kim Junhyeok , Lee Hyomyung , Jang Haeseong , Cho Jaephil 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNickel‐rich materials, as a front‐running cathode for lithium‐ion batteries suffer from inherent degradation issues such as inter/intragranular cracks and phase transition under the high‐current density condition. Although vigorous efforts have mitigated these current issues, the practical applications are not successfully achieved due to the material instability and complex synthesis process. Herein, a structurally stable, macrovoid‐containing, nickel‐rich material is developed using an affordable, scalable, and one‐pot coprecipitation method without using surfactants/etching agents/complex‐ion forming agents. The strategically developed macrovoid‐induced cathode via a self‐organization process exhibits excellent full‐cell rate capability, cycle life at discharge rate of 5 C, and structural stability even at the industrial electrode conditions, owing to the fast Li‐ion diffusion, the internal macrovoid acting as “buffer zones” for stress relief, and highly stable nanostructure around the void during cycling. This strategy for nickel‐rich cathodes can be viable for industries in the preparation of high‐performance lithium‐ion cells.
ImmuCellAI: A Unique Method for Comprehensive T‐Cell Subsets Abundance Prediction and its Application in Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Miao Ya‐Ru , Zhang Qiong , Lei Qian , Luo Mei , Xie Gui‐Yan , Wang Hongxiang , Guo An‐Yuan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe distribution and abundance of immune cells, particularly T‐cell subsets, play pivotal roles in cancer immunology and therapy. T cells have many subsets with specific function and current methods are limited in estimating them, thus, a method for predicting comprehensive T‐cell subsets is urgently needed in cancer immunology research. Here, Immune Cell Abundance Identifier (ImmuCellAI), a gene set signature‐based method, is introduced for precisely estimating the abundance of 24 immune cell types including 18 T‐cell subsets, from gene expression data. Performance evaluation on both the sequencing data with flow cytometry results and public expression data indicate that ImmuCellAI can estimate the abundance of immune cells with superior accuracy to other methods especially on many T‐cell subsets. Application of ImmuCellAI to immunotherapy datasets reveals that the abundance of dendritic cells, cytotoxic T, and gamma delta T cells is significantly higher both in comparisons of on‐treatment versus pre‐treatment and responders versus non‐responders. Meanwhile, an ImmuCellAI result‐based model is built for predicting the immunotherapy response with high accuracy (area under curve 0.80–0.91). These results demonstrate the powerful and unique function of ImmuCellAI in tumor immune infiltration estimation and immunotherapy response prediction.
Can Internet Surveys Mimic Food Insecurity Rates Published by the US Government?
Authors: Ahn Sunjin , Smith Travis A. , Norwood F. Bailey 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFood insecurity in the US is measured by the US government using a true probability sample of US citizens. While ideal, some researchers may consider cheaper opt‐in internet surveys. This study measures food insecurity rates using three opt‐in internet surveys and compares the measured rates to those reported by the US government. When sample balancing and the screening procedure employed by the US government is used, the internet survey overstates the percent of food insecure households by 9–14%. However, if one assumes all households with incomes above 185% of the poverty line are food secure, rates are closer to the US government estimates.
Stacked crop rotations and cultural practices for canola and flax yield and quality
Authors: Sainju Upendra M. , Lenssen Andrew W. , Allen Brett L. , Jabro Jalal D. , Stevens William B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCanola (Brassica napus L.) and flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) are important oilseed crops, but improved management practices to enhance their yields and quality are needed. We studied the effect of stacked versus alternate‐year crop rotations and traditional versus improved cultural practices on canola and flax growth, seed yield, oil concentration, and N‐use efficiency from 2006 to 2011 in the northern Great Plains, USA. Stacked rotations were durum (Triticum turgidum L.)‐durum‐canola‐pea (Pisum sativum L.) (DDCP) and durum‐durum‐flax‐pea (DDFP). Alternate‐year rotations were durum‐canola‐durum‐pea (DCDP) and durum‐flax‐durum‐pea (DFDP). The traditional cultural practice included a combination of conventional tillage, recommended seed rate, broadcast N fertilization, and reduced stubble height. The improved cultural practice included a combination of no‐tillage, increased seed rate, banded N fertilization, and increased stubble height. Canola stand count was 36–123% greater with the improved than the traditional cultural practice in 2006, 2009, 2010, and 2011. Canola pod number and oil concentration were 3–36% greater in the improved than the traditional practice in 2007 and 2010, but trends reversed by 5–19% in 2008. Flax stand count was 28% greater with DFDP than DDFP in 2007 and 56% greater in the improved than the traditional practice in 2010. Flax pod number, seed weight, seed yield, N content, N‐use efficiency, and N‐removal index varied with crop rotations, cultural practices, and years. Canola growth and oil concentration increased with the improved cultural practice as well as flax growth, yield, and quality enhanced with alternate‐year crop rotation and the improved cultural practice in wet years.