bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residual Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Alcohol Use Disorder Following Integrated Exposure Treatment Versus Coping Skills Treatment
Authors: Tripp Jessica C. , Angkaw Abigail , Schnurr Paula P. , Trim Ryan S. , Haller Moira , Davis Brittany C. , Norman Sonya B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough some studies have demonstrated residual symptoms in patients who have participated in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment, no studies to date have assessed residual PTSD symptoms following treatment for comorbid alcohol use disorder (AUD) and PTSD (PTSD/AUD). We examined residual symptoms of PTSD and AUD in 73 veterans with PTSD/AUD who completed a posttreatment assessment after being randomized to receive either Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure (COPE) or Seeking Safety (SS). We used logistic regression to identify differences (a) in residual PTSD and AUD symptoms among participants randomized to COPE versus SS and (b) among those with versus without a posttreatment PTSD/AUD diagnosis within both treatment conditions. Participants randomized to SS were more likely to report persistent avoidance, inability to experience positive emotions, hypervigilance, difficulty concentrating, and difficulty sleeping, ORs = 3.74–6.21. There were no differences between COPE and SS regarding the likelihood of persistent AUD symptoms. Participants without a posttreatment PTSD diagnosis had lower conditional probabilities of most symptoms, although exaggerated startle, OR = 0.71, and irritability/aggression, OR = 0.58, were most likely to persist. Participants without a posttreatment AUD diagnosis had lower conditional probabilities of most symptoms, although withdrawal, OR = 0.21; unsuccessful quit attempts, OR = 0.04; and higher intake, OR = 0.01, were most likely to persist. Findings indicate hyperarousal may warrant additional intervention following PTSD treatment. Residual AUD symptoms may relate to the enduring nature of some AUD symptoms rather than a lack of treatment efficacy.
Anthropogenic and Natural Disturbance Differentially Affect Sagebrush Bird Habitat Use
Authors: Duchardt Courtney J. , Augustine David J. , Beck Jeffrey L. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTNorth American sagebrush (Artemisiaspp.)‐obligate birds are experiencing steep population declines due in part to increased disturbance, mainly human‐caused, across their range. At the eastern edge of the sagebrush steppe, this issue may potentially be exacerbated because of natural disturbance by black‐tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus). Our goal was to compare local and landscape models of habitat use by greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), Brewer's sparrow (Spizella breweri), and sage thrasher (Oreoscoptes montanus) with models including effects of natural (i.e., prairie dog) and anthropogenic disturbance. We used a combination of field data collection, and state and national datasets for the Thunder Basin National Grassland, eastern Wyoming, USA, to understand the factors that influence lek attendance by sage‐grouse and habitat use by 2 passerines in this system. For all 3 species, models including big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) cover at local and landscape scales were the most competitive among univariate models, supporting the paradigm that sagebrush is key for these species. Models including anthropogenic disturbance (well density, road density) explained more variation than models of prairie dog disturbance alone for 2 of the 3 species, but long‐term disturbance by prairie dogs did reduce abundance of Brewer's sparrows. Although long‐term prairie dog disturbance has the potential to reduce sagebrush cover for sagebrush‐obligate birds, such events are likely rare because outbreaks of plague (Yersina pestis) and lethal control on borders with private land reduce prairie dog disturbance. Conversely, anthropogenic disturbance is slated to increase in this system, suggesting potentially accelerated declines for sagebrush birds into the future. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
In‐Office KTP Laser for Treating Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia–Associated Epistaxis
Authors: Wu Vincent , Kell Erika , Faughnan Marie E. , Lee John M. 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluated the efficacy and safety of in‐office potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser treatment for the management of epistaxis in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) patients.MethodsA retrospective case series of all HHT patients over age of 18 who underwent in‐office KTP laser treatment from July 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019 was performed. The primary outcome measure was the epistaxis severity score (ESS) pre‐ and post‐procedure. Secondary outcome measures included patient reported pain (on a 10‐point Likert‐type scale), and procedural adverse events and complications.ResultsA total of 16 patients underwent KTP in‐office laser treatment during the review period. There was both a clinically and statistically significant decrease in the ESS after in‐office laser treatment, baseline ESS –7.24, SD 1.71, follow up ESS –4.92, SD 1.83 (mean difference 2.94, 95% confidence interval, 1.83–4.04, P < .0001). There were no reported adverse events or complications associated with the procedure. The mean pain score reported was 0.19, SD 0.75. The average blood loss was 10.8 mL, SD 37.3. The majority of patients (62.5%, 10/16) had no blood loss during the procedure.ConclusionClinically and statistically significant decreases were noted in the ESS of HHT patients after in‐office KTP laser photocoagulation. The procedure was well tolerated by patients, without any adverse events or complications.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E689–E693, 2021
Spontaneous CSF Leaks and IIH: A Flawless Connection? An Experience With 167 Patients
Authors: Zocchi Jacopo , Pietrobon Giacomo , Lepera Davide , Gallo Stefania , Russo Federico , Volpi Luca , Pellini Raul , Bignami Maurizio , Castelnuovo Paolo 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesSpontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are a rare but insidious clinical entity. In the recent literature, their pathogenesis has been linked with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Considering a worse surgical outcome compared to traumatic leaks, a medical treatment of the underlying IIH has been suggested in order to prevent relapses. Nevertheless, some aspects of this rare pathology remain unclear. We report our long experience in the management of spontaneous CSF leaks.MethodsA retrospective evaluation of all patients with spontaneous CSF leaks treated from 1998 to 2018 in a tertiary referral center was carried out. All patients received surgery without any adjuvant routine medical treatment. Epidemiological and clinical data were reviewed. A telephone survey was conducted to investigate IIH‐related symptoms in this population.ResultsOne hundred sixty‐seven patients and 195 procedures were included in the study. The total rate of failure after surgical treatment was 9%. Eight patients suffered a relapse in the same site (4%, 8 of 195), whereas seven patients experienced a relapse in a different site (4%, 7 of 167). Twenty‐nine percent of the population interviewed referred at least one IIH‐related symptom.ConclusionSpontaneous CSF leaks represent a complex pathology that need a multidisciplinary evaluation. Surgical treatment seems to guarantee favorable results in most of the patients. Despite this, a not negligible percentage of patients experienced a relapse during a long‐term follow‐up. Further studies are needed to reach a deeper understanding of the presentation and course of this particular condition.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E401–E407, 2021
Predicting Metastasis in Melanoma by Enumerating Circulating Tumor Cells Using Photoacoustic Flow Cytometry
Authors: Edgar Robert H. , Tarhini Ahmad , Sander Cindy , Sanders Martin E. , Cook Justin L. , Viator John A. 
Published: June 2020

Background and ObjectivesEnumerating circulating tumor cells has been used as a method of monitoring progression of various cancers. Various methods for detecting circulating melanoma cells (CMCs) have been reported, but none has had sufficient sensitivity to determine if the presence of rare CMCs in the blood of Stage I–III melanoma patients predicts if those patients eventually develop metastatic disease.Study DesignWe quantified CMCs in serial blood samples from 38 early stage melanoma patients to determine if CMC numbers predict development of metastatic melanoma. CMCs were enumerated using a photoacoustic flow cytometric detection system that uses a laser to induce high frequency acoustic signals in pigmented CMCs.ResultsWe observed that detection of greater than 2 CMCs/ml of blood from patients with Stage I–III melanoma predicts metastatic disease. Of the 11 patients we studied who had two or fewer CMCs detected at all time points tested, none progressed to metastatic disease over a mean follow‐up of 1288 days. In contrast, 18 of the 27 patients (67%) having more than 2 CMCs/ml at one or more time points progressed to metastatic disease over a mean follow‐up of 850 days.ConclusionsPhotoacoustic flow cytometry can detect rare CMCs in the blood of Stage I–III melanoma patients and detectionof these cells is predictive of subsequent development of metastatic disease. Lasers Surg. Med.
Affibody‐Conjugated RALA Polymers Delivering Oligomeric 5‐Fluorodeoxyuridine for Targeted Therapy of HER2 Overexpressing Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhang Fanghua , Yin Jiwei , Zhang Chao , Han Mengnan , Wang Xuming , Fu Shuangqing , Du Jie , Zhang Honglei , Li Wei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAffibody‐conjugated RALA (affi‐RA) are designed for delivering oligomeric 5‐fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR, metabolite of 5‐FU) strand to raise the selectivity of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU), decrease its toxicity and improve its suboptimal therapeutic efficacy. The nanodrugs, FUdR@affi‐RA, are spontaneously assembled by electrostatic interaction between positively charged affi‐RA and negatively charged FUdR15‐strands (15 consecutive FUdR). FUdR@affi‐RA exhibits excellent stability under simulated physiological conditions. Compared with free FUdR, FUdR@affi‐RA shows excellent targeting and higher cytotoxicity in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) overexpressing gastric cancer N87 cells. Moreover, the anticancer mechanism studies reveal that FUdR@affi‐RA enhances the expression and activity of apoptosis‐associated proteins in the Bcl‐2/Bax‐caspase 8,9‐caspase 3 apoptotic pathway induced by FUdR. This study indicates that the fusion vector, affi‐RA, presents a promising delivery system platform for nucleoside analogue drugs and provides a new strategy for the development of therapeutics of cancer treatment.
D‐Peptide Builder: A Web Service to Enumerate, Analyze, and Visualize the Chemical Space of Combinatorial Peptide Libraries
Authors: Díaz‐Eufracio Bárbara I. , Palomino‐Hernández Oscar , Arredondo‐Sánchez Aarón , Medina‐Franco José L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPeptide‐based drug discovery is re‐gaining attention in drug discovery. Similarly, combinatorial chemistry continues to be a useful technique for the rapid exploration of chemical space. A current challenge, however, is the enumeration of combinatorial peptide libraries using freely accessible tools. To facilitate the swift enumeration of combinatorial peptide libraries, we introduce herein D‐Peptide Builder. In the current version, the user can build up to pentapeptides, linear or cyclic, using the natural pool of 20 amino acids. The user can use non‐ and/or N‐methylated amino acids. The server also enables the rapid visualization of the chemical space of the newly enumerated peptides in comparison with other libraries relevant to drug discovery and preloaded in the server. D‐Peptide Builder is freely accessible at http://dpeptidebuilder. quimica.unam.mx:4000/. It is also accessible through the open D‐Tools platform (DIFACQUIM Tools for Chemoinformatics https://www.difacquim.com/d‐tools/).
Microbiome Transfer Partly Overrides Lack of IL‐1RI Signaling to Alter Hepatic but not Adipose Tissue Phenotype and Lipid Handling following a High‐Fat Diet Challenge
Authors: Ralston Jessica C. , Mitchelson Kathleen A. J. , Lynch Gina M. , Tran Tam T. T. , Wang Hao , Strain Conall R. , Lenighan Yvonne M. , Kennedy Elaine B. , Stanton Catherine , McGillicuddy Fiona C. , Su Qiaozhu , O'Toole Paul W. , Roche Helen M. 
Published: June 2020

ScopeIL‐1RI‐mediated inflammatory signaling alters metabolic tissue responses to dietary challenges (e.g., high‐fat diet [HFD]). Recent work suggests that metabolic phenotype is transferrable between mice in a shared living environment (i.e., co‐housing) due to gut microbiome exchange. The authors examine whether the metabolic phenotype of IL‐1RI−/− mice fed HFD or low‐fat diet (LFD) could be transferred to wild‐type (WT) mice through gut microbiome exchange facilitated by co‐housing.Methods and resultsMale WT (C57BL/J6) and IL‐1RI−/− mice are fed HFD (45% kcal) or LFD (10% kcal) for 24 weeks and housed i) by genotype (single‐housed) or ii) with members of the other genotype in a shared microbial environment (co‐housed). The IL‐1RI−/− gut microbiome is dominant to WT, meaning that co‐housed WT mice adopted the IL‐1RI−/− microbiota profile. This is concomitant with greater body weight, hepatic lipid accumulation, adipocyte hypertrophy, and hyperinsulinemia in co‐housed WT mice, compared to single‐housed counterparts. These effects are most evident following HFD. Primary features of microbiome differences are Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae (known producers of SCFA).ConclusionTransfer of SCFA‐producing microbiota from IL‐1RI−/− mice highlights a new connection between diet, inflammatory signaling, and the gut microbiome, an association that is dependent on the nature of the dietary fat challenge.
Analysis of via‐fed cylindrical dielectric resonator antennas
Authors: Vieira Juner M. , Heckler Marcos V. T. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this letter, a study of a feeding technique applicable to cylindrical dielectric resonator antennas is presented. The feeding technique analyzed is based on vias glued at the lateral wall of the cylindrical resonator. A series of parametric studies, in terms of the orientation, position and dimensions of the vias, has been carried out to assess the sensitivity to imperfections of the fabrication process on the antenna parameters. In order to validate the computational results, a prototype has been manufactured and measured with a spherical near‐field test facility. The results in terms of S‐parameters and radiation pattern are presented and good agreement between simulations and measurements has been obtained.
Chemical simulation of hypoxia in donor cells improves development of somatic cell nuclear transfer‐derived embryos and increases abundance of transcripts related to glycolysis
Authors: Cecil Raissa F. , Chen Paula R. , Benne Joshua A. , Hord Taylor K. , Spate Lee D. , Samuel Melissa S. , Prather Randall S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo improve efficiency of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), it is necessary to modify differentiated donor cells to become more amendable for reprogramming by the oocyte cytoplasm. A key feature that distinguishes somatic/differentiated cells from embryonic/undifferentiated cells is cellular metabolism, with somatic cells using oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) while embryonic cells utilize glycolysis. Inducing metabolic reprogramming in donor cells could improve SCNT efficiency by priming cells to become more embryonic in nature before SCNT hypoxia inducible factor 1‐α (HIF1‐α), a transcription factor that allows for cell survival in low oxygen, promotes a metabolic switch from OXPHOS to glycolysis. We hypothesized that chemically stabilizing HIF1‐α in donor cells by use of the hypoxia mimetic, cobalt chloride (CoCl2), would promote this metabolic switch in donor cells and subsequently improve the development of SCNT embryos. Donor cell treatment with 100 µM CoCl2 for 24 hr preceding SCNT upregulated messenfer RNA abundance of glycolytic enzymes, improved SCNT development to the blastocyst stage and quality, and affected gene expression in the blastocysts. After transferring blastocysts created from CoCl2‐treated donor cells to surrogates, healthy cloned piglets were produced. Therefore, shifting metabolism toward glycolysis in donor cells by CoCl2 treatment is a simple, economical way of improving the in vitro efficiency of SCNT and is capable of producing live animals.
Perspectives of parents on the meaning of happiness in children with long‐term illness: A hybrid concept analysis
Authors: Nukpezah Ruth Nimota , Cheraghi Mohammad Ali , Pashaeypoor Shahzad , Sadat Hoseini Akram Sadat 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimTo define the concept of happiness among children with chronic disease.BackgroundHappiness is an old human quest, the existing literature on the definition of happiness among children with chronic diseases is sparse.MethodsThe three‐phase hybrid model was used. In the first (theoretical) phase, a literature review was conducted. In the second (fieldwork) phase, the semi‐structured interview data were analysed through content analysis. Ten participants were purposively sampled. In the third (final analytic) phase, the practical definition of the concept was identified.ResultsThe practical definition of happiness in a Ghanaian chronically ill child is the “subjective and positive lifelong process of adapting to biological, physiological, psychosocial, economic and environmental changes caused by the disease trajectory, which affects the well‐being of the child and the family.”ConclusionsThis study offers a background for selecting appropriate health indicators and outcome measures in promoting happiness in children with chronic diseases.
Pediatric cancer research: Surviving COVID‐19
Authors: Auletta Jeffery J. , Adamson Peter C. , Agin Jonathan E. , Kearns Pamela , Kennedy Scott , Kieran Mark W. , Ludwinski Donna M. , Knox Leona J. , McKay Kristi , Rhiner Pia , Thiele Carol J. , Cripe Timothy P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA diverse panel of pediatric cancer advocates and experts, whose collective experience spans the continuum of international academic medicine, industry, government research, and cancer advocacy, recently discussed challenges for pediatric cancer research in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Specifically, this special report addresses the following focus areas: (a) the critical role that translational research has played in transforming pediatric cancer outcomes; (b) the current and potential future impact of COVID‐19 on pediatric cancer research; (c) target areas of COVID‐19 research that may have application in immunity, oncogenesis, and therapeutic discovery; and (d) future considerations and directions in maintaining pediatric cancer research during and after COVID‐19.
Variation in the bombesin staining of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells in pediatric pulmonary disorders—A useful marker for airway maturity
Authors: Emiralioğlu Nagehan , Orhan Diclehan , Cinel Güzin , Tuğcu Gökçen Dilşa , Yalçın Ebru , Doğru Deniz , Özçelik Uğur , Griese Matthias , Kiper Nural 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesPulmonary neuroendocrine cells (NEC) increase with age due to pulmonary maturity. The aim of this study was to determine whether open lung biopsies from patients with interstitial lung diseases have increased pulmonary NEC compared with neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI). Our second aim was to assess pulmonary NECs in the lung autopsy of children without lung disease who died from different causes.MethodsLung tissue of 5 infants with NEHI; 21 patients with pediatric interstitial lung disease (chILD); 17 lung autopsies of infants at varying age without lung disease were included. The percentage of the airways containing neuroendocrine cells, the average percentage of neuroendocrine cells (NECs) per airway, and the number of neuroendocrine bodies (NEBs) in each case were analyzed.ResultsThe mean percentage of the airways containing neuroendocrine cells were 95% in the NEHI group, 30% in the chILD group, 89% under Intrauterine 37 weeks, 70% between intrauterine 37 to 40 weeks, 52% at postnatal 4 days to 6 months of autopsy ages. In the NEHI group, diffuse NE cell distribution and large NEBs were noticed in the lung biopsy. In the chILD group, neuroendocrine cells were dispersed, did not form clusters and NE cells showed solitary distribution. In the lung autopsy group, linear NE cells were detected at younger aged fetuses and solitary distribution of NE cells was detected with the older increasing age.ConclusionsOur findings confirm that NECs are seen in many other childhood interstitial lung diseases; NE cell hyperplasia may be a marker of decreased pulmonary development and NE cells decrease with the increasing age of the fetus during Intrauterine life.
PyXlinkViewer: A flexible tool for visualization of protein chemical crosslinking data within the PyMOL molecular graphics system
Authors: Schiffrin Bob , Radford Sheena E. , Brockwell David J. , Calabrese Antonio N. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractChemical crosslinking‐mass spectrometry (XL‐MS) is a valuable technique for gaining insights into protein structure and the organization of macromolecular complexes. XL‐MS data yield inter‐residue restraints that can be compared with high‐resolution structural data. Distances greater than the crosslinker spacer‐arm can reveal lowly populated “excited” states of proteins/protein assemblies, or crosslinks can be used as restraints to generate structural models in the absence of structural data. Despite increasing uptake of XL‐MS, there are few tools to enable rapid and facile mapping of XL‐MS data onto high‐resolution structures or structural models. PyXlinkViewer is a user‐friendly plugin for PyMOL v2 that maps intra‐protein, inter‐protein, and dead‐end crosslinks onto protein structures/models and automates the calculation of inter‐residue distances for the detected crosslinks. This enables rapid visualization of XL‐MS data, assessment of whether a set of detected crosslinks is congruent with structural data, and easy production of high‐quality images for publication.
Timing of Antiviral Treatment Initiation is Critical to Reduce SARS‐CoV‐2 Viral Load
Authors: Gonçalves Antonio , Bertrand Julie , Ke Ruian , Comets Emmanuelle , de Lamballerie Xavier , Malvy Denis , Pizzorno Andrés , Terrier Olivier , Rosa Calatrava Manuel , Mentré France , Smith Patrick , Perelson Alan S. , Guedj Jérémie 
Published: June 2020

We modeled the viral dynamics of 13 untreated patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus 2 to infer viral growth parameters and predict the effects of antiviral treatments. In order to reduce peak viral load by more than two logs, drug efficacy needs to be > 90% if treatment is administered after symptom onset; an efficacy of 60% could be sufficient if treatment is initiated before symptom onset. Given their pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties, current investigated drugs may be in a range of 6–87% efficacy. They may help control virus if administered very early, but may not have a major effect in severely ill patients.