bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in Chemical Priming to Enhance Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants
Authors: Sako Kaori , Nguyen Huong Mai , Seki Motoaki 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAbiotic stress is considered a major factor limiting crop yield and quality. The development of effective strategies that mitigate abiotic stress is essential for sustainable agriculture and food security, especially with continuing global population growth. Recent studies have demonstrated that exogenous treatment of plants with chemical compounds can enhance abiotic stress tolerance by inducing molecular and physiological defense mechanisms, a process known as chemical priming. Chemical priming is believed to represent a promising strategy for mitigating abiotic stress in crop plants. Plants biosynthesize various compounds, such as phytohormones and other metabolites, to adapt to adverse environments. Research on artificially synthesized compounds has also resulted in the identification of novel compounds that improve abiotic stress tolerance. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of both naturally synthesized and artificial priming agents that have been shown to increase the abiotic stress tolerance of plants.
Computational approaches to the neuroscience of social perception
Authors: Brooks Jeffrey A , Stolier Ryan M , Freeman Jonathan B 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Across multiple domains of social perception—including social categorization, emotion perception, impression formation and mentalizing—multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data has permitted a more detailed understanding of how social information is processed and represented in the brain. As in other neuroimaging fields, the neuroscientific study of social perception initially relied on broad structure–function associations derived from univariate fMRI analysis to map neural regions involved in these processes. In this review, we trace the ways that social neuroscience studies using MVPA have built on these neuroanatomical associations to better characterize the computational relevance of different brain regions, and discuss how MVPA allows explicit tests of the correspondence between psychological models and the neural representation of social information. We also describe current and future advances in methodological approaches to multivariate fMRI data and their theoretical value for the neuroscience of social perception.
Global prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated risk factors in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Taghipour Ali , Ghodsian Sahar , Jabbari Mahdi , Olfatifar Meysam , Abdoli Amir , Ghaffarifar Fatemeh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) during pregnancy, if left untreated, can cause adverse effects for the mothers, foetuses and newborns. However, limited information is available about the global status of IPIs in pregnant women. Here we undertook a meta-analysis to estimate the global prevalence of IPIs and associated risk factors in pregnant women.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases for relevant studies that were published between 1 January 1987 and 30 December 2019. A random effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA total of 114 studies comprising 98 342 pregnant women across 35 countries were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Among IPIs identified from pregnant women, three helminth infections (hookworm 19% [95% CI 15 to 23], Ascaris lumbricoides 17% [95% CI 13 to 21] and Trichuris trichiura 11% [95% CI 7 to 16]) and three protozoan infections (Blastocystis sp. 21% [95% CI 4 to 46], Entamoeba histolytica/dispar 9% [95% CI 3 to 19] and Giardia sp. 8% [95% CI 4 to 13]) were identified as the most prevalent intestinal parasites. Moreover, we found that there was a significant association between IPIs with increased risk of anaemia in pregnant women (OR 2.65 [95% CI 2.08 to 3.37]). The prevalence of IPIs was slightly higher in geophagic pregnant women compared with controls, but this was not significant (OR 1.22 [95% CI 0.87 to 1.71]). According to species, the pooled OR of A. lumbricoides infection had a significantly higher risk in geophagic pregnant women compared with controls (OR 2.66 [95% CI 1.37 to 5.16]). There was a positive relationship between the high prevalence of IPIs in pregnant women living in rural areas compared with urban residents (OR 3.36 [95% CI 1.57 to 7.19]).ConclusionsThe current review revealed a relatively high prevalence of IPIs in pregnant women, especially in some low- and middle-income countries. These results suggest a need for improved prevention and control efforts to reduce the health risks to pregnant women.
Provider Responses to Positive Developmental Screening: Disparities in Referral Practices?
Authors: Wallis Kate E. , Davis Rivera Lauren B. , Guthrie Whitney , Bennett Amanda E. , Mandell David S. , Miller Judith S. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT:

Objectives:
Guidelines recommend universal screening for developmental concerns in young children in pediatric primary care, with referral to early intervention (EI) as early as possible for children with a positive screen. However, participation in EI differs by child race, ethnicity, language, and sex. This study evaluated disparities in rates of referral to EI and estimated the factors associated with referral before and immediately after a positive developmental screen.

Methods:
Children seen in a large primary care network that has implemented universal developmental screening were included if they screened positive on the Survey of Well-being of Young Children (SWYC) Milestones during a 16- to 30-month well-child visit (n = 7358). Demographics, screening results, and referrals were extracted from the electronic health record.

Results:
Among children who screened positive, 17.5% were already in EI, and 39.9% were referred to EI during the visit with positive screen; 42.5% were not referred. In adjusted regression, the following factors were associated with being in EI before the positive screen: lower SWYC score and being male, older, and White. The following factors were associated with new referral to EI during a visit with positive SWYC: having lower SWYC score or lower income and being male, older, and Black race.

Conclusion:
The finding that White children were more likely referred before developmental screening and non-White children more likely referred at the time of positive screen suggests that screening decreases disparities by increasing referral for children with developmental delays from traditionally underserved backgrounds.
Economic and Environmental Impact of Single-use Plastics at a Large Ophthalmology Outpatient Service
Authors: Park Elli A. , LaMattina Kara C. 
Published: September 2020

Précis:
The use of disposable tonometer prisms and gonioscopy lenses at a large ophthalmology outpatient service incurs significant financial and environmental waste that may not be justified given the limited data surrounding arguments for their use.

Purpose:
To quantify the economic and environmental burden of single-use plastics from an ophthalmology outpatient service at a large tertiary hospital and describe the relative value and evidence for the safety of disposable versus nondisposable tonometer prisms and gonioscopy lenses.

Methods:
The total number of single-use applanation tonometer prisms and gonioscopy lenses used per year at Boston Medical Center (BMC) was estimated, and the average dollars spent and plastic waste generated in kilograms per year were then determined. These values were compared with the total spending and waste that would be produced if the clinic were to use nondisposable tonometer prisms and gonioscopy lenses exclusively.

Results:
Single-use tonometer prisms cost an average of $70,282 per year and produce ~100.8 kg of plastic waste per year at BMC. Single-use gonioscopy lenses cost ~$9,040 per year and produce 8.8 kg of plastic waste per year at BMC. An excess of $65,185 and 109.6 kg of plastic waste could be avoided each year by only using nondisposable tonometer prisms and gonioscopy lenses at the BMC ophthalmology outpatient service.

Conclusions:
Single-use plastics in ophthalmology outpatient services generate significant environmental waste and financial cost compared with nondisposable instruments. This cost may outweigh the benefits of these instruments given the limited data surrounding arguments for their use.
MicroRNA expression profiling and target gene analysis in gastric cancer
Authors: Xu Chenguang , Xie Juan , Liu Yanping , Tang Fenfen , Long Zhi , Wang Yaodong , Luo Jiangyan , Li Junda , Li Guoqing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study aims to identify differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in gastric cancer by comparing gastric cancerous tissues with normal tissues, explore the potential roles.
The miRNA expression microarray was employed on gastric cancer tissues, and apparently normal para-cancerous tissues from 3 patients undergoing radical surgery were matched. Quantitative RT-PCR was performed on the other 7 patients to validate the findings of the microarray. Furthermore, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and enrichment analysis of KEGG Pathway were performed for 5 dysregulated candidate miRNAs, including 3 upregulated (miR-31-3p, miR-6736-3p, and miR-147b) and 2 downregulated (miR-3065-5p and miR-3921) miRNAs, in order to determine the role of miRNAs in tumorigenesis and development.
Among these miRNAs, 17 miRNAs were found to be upregulated, and 19 miRNAs were found to be downregulated. The dysregulated expression of 5 candidate miRNAs, including miR-31-3p, miR-147b, miR-6736-3p, miR-3065-5p, and miR-3921, were verified by quantitative RT-PCR in the validation set. Among these miRNAs, miR-31-3p, miR-6736-3p, miR-3065-5p, and miR-3921 had 551 target gene intersections. The GO and KEGG Pathway analyses Revealed that miR-31-3p, miR-6736-3p, miR-3065-5p, and miR-3921 may participate in multiple pathophysiological processes, such as foreign substance metabolism and chemical carcinogenesis.
The profile of differentially expressed miRNAs was successfully screened, and 4 miRNAs (i.e., miR-31-3p, miR-6736-3p, miR-3065-5p, and miR-3921) appeared to be involved in gastric carcinogenesis. These might serve as promising biomarkers for gastric cancer.
Chinese herbal medicine for assisted reproduction technology
Authors: Xie Liangzhen , Li Jian , Li Yan , Wang Bingmei , Xie Chunyu , Xia Qing , Zhang Zhigang , Wang Ying 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground:Human assisted reproductive technology (ART) has become an important part of infertility treatments throughout the world, including IVF, ICSI, embryo culture, and embryo cryopreservation. In China and East Asia, Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has been used to treat various diseases and improves the success chance of live birth among infertile couples undergoing ART treatment. The aim of this study is to assess the effect and safety of Chinese herbal medicine among women undergoing ART.Methods:Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CNKI, VIP, CBM and WANGFANG will be searched. All randomized controlled trials will be included if they recruited participants undergoing ART for assessing the effect and safety of Chinese herbal medicine. Primary outcomes will be live birth. Two authors will independently scan all the potential articles, extract the data and assess the risk of bias using Cochrane tool of risk of bias. Based on the guideline of Cochrane Collaboration, all analysis will be performed by RevMan 5.3 software. Dichotomous variables will be expressed as RR with 95% CIs and continuous variables will be reported as MD with 95% CIs. If possible, a fixed or random effects models will be conducted and the confidence of cumulative evidence will be assess using GRADE.Results:This study will be to assess the effect and safety of Chinese herbal medicine among women undergoing ART.Conclusions:This study will assess the effect and safety of Chinese herbal medicine among women undergoing ART and move forward to help inform clinical decisions.
Effects and safety of Tanreqing injection on viral pneumonia: Retraction
Authors: Qiu Yue , Pan Xue , Su Lin , Lui Hui , Li Ya-Dong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background:
Influenza-related viral pneumonia is a severe threat to human health, which has caused high morbidity and mortality each year. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of Tanreqing Injection therapy in patients with viral pneumonia.

Materials and methods:
This protocol established in this study has been reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library were searched for clinical randomized trials in cases with viral pneumonia until 1st of July 2020. We will use a combination of Medical Subject Heading and free-text terms with various synonyms to search based on the Eligibility criteria. Two investigators independently reviewed the included studies and extracted relevant data. The relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of were used as effect estimate. I-square (I2) test, substantial heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment will be performed accordingly. Stata 14.0 and Review Manger 5.3 are used for meta-analysis and systematic review.

Results:
The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
The results of this review will be widely disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. This evidence may also provide helpful evidence of whether Tanreqing Injection therapy was efficient and safe in patients with viral pneumonia.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42020164164.
Hematological factors predicting mortality in patients with traumatic epidural or subdural hematoma undergoing emergency surgical evacuation
Authors: Kim Na Young , Lim Jaejoon , Lee Seunghoon , Kim Koeun , Hong Jung Hwa , Chun Duk-Hee 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Hematological abnormalities at admission are common after traumatic brain injuries and are associated with poor outcomes. The objective of this study was to identify the predictive factors of mortality among patients who underwent emergency surgery for the evacuation of epidural hematoma (EDH) or subdural hematoma (SDH).
This was a single-center retrospective cohort study of 200 patients who underwent emergency surgical evacuation of EDH or SDH between September 2010 and December 2018. Data on hematological parameters and clinical and intraoperative features were collected. The primary end-point was 1-year mortality after surgery. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were assessed.
Of the 200 patients included in this study, 102 (51%) patients died within 1 year of emergency surgery. Lymphocyte count at admission, creatinine levels, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), age, intraoperative epinephrine use, and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score were significantly associated with mortality in the multivariate analysis. The areas under the ROC curve for the GCS score, aPTT, and lymphocyte counts were 0.677 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.602–0.753), 0.644 (95% CI 0.567–0.721), and 0.576 (95% CI 0.496–0.656), respectively.
Patients with elevated lymphocyte counts on admission showed a higher rate of 1-year mortality following emergency craniectomy for EDH or SDH. In addition, prolonged aPTT and a lower GCS score were also related to poor survival.
Injury of the lateral vestibulospinal tract in a patient with the lateral medullary syndrome
Authors: Jang Sung Ho , Park Ga Young , Cho In Hee , Yeo Sang Seok 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Lateral medullary syndrome is a central vestibular disorder characterized by vertigo and ataxia. We report on a patient with injury of the lateral vestibulospinal tract (VST) following lateral medullary syndrome, detected on diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).

Patient concerns:
A 56-year-old male patient was diagnosed with lateral medullary syndrome due to an infarction in the posterior inferior cerebellar artery area.

Diagnoses:
Two weeks following the infarction, he was transferred to the rehabilitation department of the same university hospital with severe vertigo, ataxia (Berg balance scale: 16 point), and dysphasia. In contrast, he maintained good motor power and cognitive function (Mini-mental state test: 26 points).

Interventions:
N/A

Outcomes:
Both the patient's medial VSTs and left lateral VST were well-reconstructed. In contrast, the right lateral VST was not reconstructed. On DTT parameters of the VST, the patient's medial VSTs and left lateral VST did not differ significantly from the control subjects.

Lessons:
An injury of the right lateral VST was demonstrated in a patient with lateral medullary syndrome. We believe that the result will be helpful in clinical management and research for patients with lateral medullary syndrome.
Peroneal neuropathy caused by an extraneural ganglion cyst in the supracondylar area of the femur
Authors: Sim Jaehoon , Kwak Hyunseok , Lee Soonchul , Min Kyunghoon 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Peroneal neuropathy is the most common type of peripheral neuropathy in the lower extremities. The peroneal nerve is usually compressed at the lateral aspect of the fibular head. Compression by ganglion cysts are one of the numerous underlying etiologies for peroneal nerve neuropathy and are most frequently located around the fibular neck and proximal tibiofibular joint. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an extraneural ganglion cyst located at the level of the distal thigh that resulted in compressive peroneal neuropathy.

Patient concerns:
We report a case of a 56-year-old man with sudden onset of left foot drop and gait disturbance caused by an extraneural ganglion cyst located in the popliteal fossa.

Diagnosis:
Electrodiagnosis (EDX) suggested a peroneal nerve lesion. Subsequently, diagnostic ultrasonography (USG) revealed a cystic mass located within the left side of the supracondylar area of femur. Further magnetic resonance imaging confirmed that the mass was located at the proximal of popliteal fossa.

Interventions:
Surgical excision was performed using a direct posterior approach. The cystic mass was compressing the common peroneal nerve, and was carefully and completely removed ensuring that all nerve branches were protected.

Outcomes:
A histopathologic evaluation confirmed the diagnosis of a ganglion cyst. There were no postoperative complications. Two months after the surgery, follow-up USG revealed no evidence of cyst recurrence or residual lesions. Six months after the surgery, the ankle dorsiflexor motor power improved and he experienced less pain and hypoesthesia.

Lessons:
Physicians should bear in mind that the peroneal neuropathy can occur because of the ganglion cyst in the distal thigh. The thorough evaluation of EDX and USG is crucial for the early diagnosis and surgical intervention, although there is no abnormal finding around the fibular neck.
The impact of anastomotic leakage on oncology after curative anterior resection for rectal cancer
Authors: Ma Lushun , Pang Xinyuan , Ji Guofeng , Sun Haojie , Fan Qihao , Ma Chong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background:
Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a serious clinical complication after anterior resection for rectal cancer and will lead to an increase in postoperative mortality. However, the effect on long-term oncology outcomes remains controversial.

Methods:
We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases for related articles. The included studies assessed local recurrence, distant recurrence, overall survival, cancer-specific survival and disease-free survival. The systematic reviews and meta-analyses was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The combined RRs with 95% CI were then calculated using a fixed effects model or a randomized effect model.

Results:
A total of 18 cohort studies included 34,487 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis demonstrated that AL was associated with increased local recurrence (RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.14–1.90, I
2 = 57.8%). Anastomotic leakage decreased overall survival (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88–0.96, I
2 = 58.1%), cancer-specific survival (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.92–1.00, I
2 = 30.4%), and disease-free survival (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.77–0.94, I
2 = 80.4%). Distant recurrence may had no significant effects of AL (RR 1.16, 95% CI 0.91–1.46, I
2 = 58.4%).

Conclusion:
AL has a negative effect on local recurrence and long-term survival (including overall survival, cancer-specific survival, and disease-free survival) after anterior resection for rectal cancer, but not related to distant recurrence.
Identification of genes and pathways associated with subchondral bone in osteoarthritis via bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Yang Zhanyu , Ni Jiangdong , Kuang Letian , Gao Yongquan , Tao Shibin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a high prevalent musculoskeletal problem, which can cause severe pain, constitute a huge social and economic burden, and seriously damage the quality of life. This study was intended to identify genetic characteristics of subchondral bone in patients with OA and to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms involved. Data of gene expression profiles (GSE51588), which contained 40 OA samples and 10 normal samples, was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The raw data were integrated to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and were further analyzed with bioinformatic analysis. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were built and analyzed via Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING). The significant modules and hub genes were identified via Cytoscape. Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed. Totally 235 DEGs were differentially expressed in the subchondral bone from OA patients compared with those of normal individuals, of which 78 were upregulated and 157 were downregulated. Eight hub genes were identified, including DEFA4, ARG1, LTF, RETN, PGLYRP1, OLFM4, ORM1, and BPI. The enrichment analyses of the DEGs and significant modules indicated that DEGs were mainly involved in inflammatory response, extracellular space, RAGE receptor binding, and amoebiasis pathway. The present study provides a novel and in-depth understanding of pathogenesis of the OA subchondral bone at molecular level. DEFA4, ARG1, LTF, RETN, PGLYRP1, OLFM4, ORM1, and BPI may be the new candidate targets for diagnosis and therapies on patients with OA in the future.