bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legal Philosophy as an Enrichment of Doctrinal Research Part I: Introducing Three Philosophical Methods
Authors: Taekema Sanne , van der Burg Wibren 
Published: January 2020

Legal Philosophy as an Enrichment of Doctrinal Research Part I: Introducing Three Philosophical Methods
In this article, we discuss a particular form of interdisciplinary legal research. We focus on a discipline that may be fruitfully combined with doctrinal research, namely philosophy. The aim of this article is to give an account of the methods of philosophy that are most relevant and useful for doctrinal legal scholars. Our focus is therefore mostly on legal philosophy and the philosophical subdisciplines closely related to it, such as political philosophy and ethics. We characterize legal philosophy in three complementary ways: as an activity, as insights, and as theories. We then discuss three methods of legal philosophy: argumentation analysis and construction, author analysis and reflective equilibrium. In the practice of research these three methods are usually combined, as we will show with various examples.
Iluminaciones en la sombra: el diario de Alejandro Sawa en la literatura española
Authors: Amo Álvaro Luque 
Published: January 2020

Iluminaciones en la sombra (1910) se publicó póstumamente un año después de la muerte de Alejandro Sawa (1862-1909). El presente trabajo propone analizar su carácter de diario personal con entidad literaria, algo que no ha ocurrido con frecuencia y que puede ayudar a su asentamiento canónico. Se ha definido Iluminaciones en la sombra, así, como un libro de ensayos, un libro de crónicas, un libro misceláneo a secas e incluso como una novela, y solo algunos especialistas lo han catalogado como un diario. Un análisis que permita una definición más clara sobre su naturaleza literaria y autobiográfica puede dar cuenta de su importancia en la constitución de un nuevo género en el contexto español.
Iluminaciones en la sombra (1910) was published posthumously one year after the death of Alejandro Sawa (1862-1909). The present work proposes to analyze its character as a personal diary with a literary entity. This can affect the canonical consideration of this work. Iluminaciones en la sombra has been defined as a book of essays, a book of chronicles, a miscellaneous book or a novel; only some specialists have cataloged it as a personal diary. This article aims to clarify the literary and autobiographical nature of this work, with the objective of confirming its importance in the constitution of a new genre in the Spanish context.
Poética cuántica: ficción del cosmos de Mircea Cărtărescu
Authors: García-Minguillán Claudia 
Published: January 2020

Este artículo propone un marco teórico, a modo de poética, de la narrativa breve del autor rumano Mircea Cărtărescu. Numerosos nexos entre los relatos que componen Nostalgia apuntan a una intertextualidad situada por el autor en puntos estratégicos de la obra, los cuales generan una sensación de unión entre las distintas historias. Estos puntos estratégicos de la ficción tienen inicio con el relato de un jugador de ruleta rusa. Los principios matemáticos ahí planteados, formulan, en clave de ficción, la teoría de los mundos posibles. Analizaremos, por tanto, los orígenes de esta técnica narratológica en las corrientes más actuales de la física cuántica.
This article aims to propose a theoretical framework, as a poetic, of the brief narrative of the Romanian author Mircea Cărtărescu. Several links between the stories that make up Nostalgia point to an intertextuality placed by the author in strategic points of the narrative, which generate a sense of union between the different stories. These strategic points of fiction begin with the story of a Russian roulette player. The mathematical principles set out there formulate the theory of possible worlds in a fictional key. We will analyze, therefore, the origins of this narrative technique in the currents of quantum physics.
Althénopis: La Novela trigeneracional de Fabrizia Ramondino
Authors: Reyes Ferrer Maria 
Published: January 2020

El presente artículo se centrará en el análisis de Althénopis (1981), la primera novela publicada por la escritora italiana Fabrizia Ramodino. Esta obra, parcialmente autobiográfica, se caracteriza por la minuciosidad de las descripciones y la sucesión de escenas cotidianas, todo ello ambientado en el entorno familiar de la protagonista. Concretamente, nos detendremos en el estudio de la triada familiar, compuesta por la abuela, la madre y la protagonista y cómo, a través de la cotidianidad, la escritora desvela las relaciones entre ellas.
This article is focused on the analysis of Althénopis (1981), the first novel published by the Italian writer Fabrizia Ramondino. This piece of work, partially autobiographical, is characterized by the thoroughness of description and the succession of a sequence of scenes from everyday life, all of them set in the family environment of the protagonist. In particular, we are going to study the familiar triad, formed by the grandmother, the mother and the protagonist, and how throughout daily life events, the writer reveals the relationship among them.
La laisse CLXXXVII: estructura y motivos cómicos en la Chanson de Roland
Authors: Navas Roger 
Published: January 2020

La estructura de la Chanson de Roland ha sido ampliamente analizada, siendo la polémica en torno al “Baligán” uno de los temas más frecuentados por la bibliografía crítica. En el presente artículo estudiamos en profundidad la laisse clxxxvii, una de las primeras del episodio, para, al margen del debate genético, revelar determinados paralelismos de orden estructural y semántico; describimos asimismo la función de estas resonancias dentro de la Chanson, en especial los modos en que ayudan a la transición entre sus dos mitades; y ello nos conduce a investigar un uso puntual de lo cómico en el cantar. Así, tras una breve introducción, en el segundo apartado analizamos formalmente la laisse, en el tercero la inscribimos en el cotexto, reconstruyendo el marco temporal de la historia, y finalmente en el cuarto estudiamos este componente cómico y su plasmación en la laisse.
The structure of La Chanson de Roland has been deeply studied by many scholars; the debate surrounding “Baligant” is one of the recurrent topics. In this article, we focus on the laisse clxxxvii, which is placed at the start of the episode, in order to reveal certain structural and semantic parallelisms outside of the framework of the authenticity discussion; we also describe the function of these parallelisms, especially the way in which they help transition between the two halves of the Chanson; studying the purpose of these symbolic correspondences leads us to look into the existence of comical elements in the text. Accordingly, after a short introduction, the second section is dedicated to a formal analysis of the laisse, the third serves to contextualize it, reconstructing the temporal progression of the story, and finally the fourth section studies this comical component and its elaboration on the laisse.
El marco epistolar de los artículos de crítica literaria de Mme d'Épinay
Authors: Llorca-Tonda María Ángeles 
Published: January 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyse the literary criticism that Mme d'Épinay consecrates to the Correspondance littéraire of Grimm and Meister. The epistolary framework in which the critical articles studied are presented deserves particular attention, since it allows us, on the one hand, to establish the different functions developed by Louise d'Épinay in the circle of Grimm's collaborators, and, on the other hand, to highlight the dialogic structure that will dominate the literary style of Mme d'Épinay.
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la obra de crítica literaria que Mme d’Épinay consagra a la Correspondance littéraire de Grimm y de Meister. El marco epistolar en el que se presentan los artículos críticos estudiados merece una atención particular, ya que nos permite, por un lado, establecer las diferentes funciones desarrolladas por Louise d’Épinay en el círculo de los colaboradores de Grimm, y por otro lado, poner de manifiesto la estructura dialógica que dominará el estilo literario de Mme d’Épinay.
An international stakeholder survey of the role of chiropractic qualifying examinations: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Green Bart N. , Johnson Claire D. , Brown Richard , Korporaal Charmaine , Lawson Doug , Russell Eric , Fujikawa Ricardo 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
Many countries require examinations as a gateway to chiropractic licensure; however, the relevance of these exams to the profession has not been explored. The purposes of this study were to analyze perceptions of international stakeholders about chiropractic qualifying examinations (CQEs), observe if their beliefs were in alignment with those that society expects of professions, and suggest how this information may be used when making future decisions about CQEs.

Methods:
We designed an electronic survey that included open-ended questions related to CQEs. In August 2019, the survey was distributed to 234 international stakeholders representing academic institutions, qualifying boards, students, practitioners, association officers, and others. Written comments were extracted, and concepts were categorized and collapsed into 4 categories (benefits, myths, concerns, solutions). Qualitative analysis was used to identify themes.

Results:
The response rate was 56.4% representing 43 countries and yielding 775 comments. Perceived benefits included that CQEs certify a minimum standard of knowledge and competency and are part of the professionalization of chiropractic. Myths included that CQEs are able to screen for future quality of care or ethical practices. Concerns included a lack of standardization between jurisdictions and uncertainty about the cost/value of CQEs and what they measure. Solutions included suggestions to standardize exams across jurisdictions and focus on competencies.

Conclusion:
International stakeholders identified concepts about CQEs that may facilitate or hinder collaboration and efforts toward portability. Stakeholder beliefs were aligned with those expected of learned professions. This qualitative analysis identified 9 major themes that may be used when making future decisions about CQEs.
Evaluating the Synergistic Activity of Metformin and Apple Cider Vinegar in Type 2 Diabetics
Authors: Abid Momina , Ahmed Farah , Shaheen Shehla , Memon Zahida , Shaikh M. Zaman , Agha Faiza 
Published: January 2020

Aims: The aim of this study was to observe the effect of Apple Cider Vinegar (ACV) in combination with Metformin on the Body Mass Index (BMI) and glycemic control of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients.
Study Design: Single arm pre post quasi experimental clinical trial.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine of a tertiary care hospital and a Diabetes and Endocrinology clinic, based in Karachi, Pakistan from April to July 2019.
Methodology: A total of 30 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in the study (Males: 17; females: 13; age range: 27-55 years) after obtaining written informed consent. The parameters of Body weight, BMI, Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of each patient were assessed before and after 12 weeks of treatment with Metformin 750 mg plus 2 tablespoons of ACV per day. The baseline and post treatment values of the aforementioned were compared with each other.
Results: In all the 30 patients assessed after 12 weeks of treatment, the weight was significantly reduced from 85.66±18.30 kg. to 82.96±18.43 kg with a consequently significant change in the BMI from 29.38±5.08 kg/m2 to 28.43±5.16 kg/m2. Moreover, the glycemic control, assessed as FBS and HbA1c also showed significant reduction in the FBS (127.76±9.17 to 121.23±9.54) and HbA1c (7.14±0.29 to 6.92±0.29) after 12 weeks of treatment in all 30 patients (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Apple Cider Vinegar seems to be effective therapy in combination with metformin for newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients in improving glycemic control as well as augmenting weight reduction.
Maintenance solutions for the conservation of sunflower inflorescences
Authors: Sanches Alex Guimarães , Elaine Gleice Silva Moreira Maryelle Barros da Silva, , Cordeiro Carlos Alberto Martins 
Published: January 2020

The sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an ornamental plant of great acceptance in the market, however, as cut flower has its limited useful life, about 3 to 5 days at room temperature. In order to prolong shelf life and preserve post-harvest quality was evaluated the effect of maintenance solutions on sunflower cv. Oasis for 10 days storage at 25 °C. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 5x6, correspondendo a cinco tratamentos/soluções de manutenção (distilled water (control), sucrose, citric acid, gibberellic acid and benzylaminopurine to 5%) and six evaluation times (0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days). The effect of treatments on fresh mass, inflorescence turgescence, stem curvature, relative petal water content, respiratory rate and carbohydrate content was investigated. The results showed that the solutions with sucrose and gibberellic acid significantly (p<0.05) preserved the quality of the inflorescences as a function of the control of respiratory activity and water absorption, thereby reducing the physiological processes related to senescence. It is recommended to use sucrose 5% as a maintenance solution due to the low cost to producers and consumers.
Global Performance Indices for Dynamic Crystals as Organic Thermal Actuators
Authors: Karothu Durga Prasad , Mahmoud Halabi Jad , Li Liang , Colin‐Molina Abraham , Rodríguez‐Molina Braulio , Naumov Panče 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCrystal adaptronics is an emergent materials science discipline at the intersection of solid‐state chemistry and mechanical engineering that explores the dynamic nature of mechanically reconfigurable, motile, and explosive crystals. Adaptive molecular crystals bring to materials science a qualitatively new set of properties that associate long‐range structural order with softness and mechanical compliance. However, the full potential of this class of materials remains underexplored and they have not been considered as materials of choice in an engineer's toolbox. A set of general performance metrics that can be used for quantification of the performance of these prospective dynamic materials as micro‐ and macroactuators is presented. The indices are calculated on two selected representatives of thermosalient solids—materials that undergo rapid martensitic transitions accompanied with macroscopic locomotion. Benchmarking of their performance against extensive set of data for the existing actuator classes and visualization using materials property charts uncover the hidden potential and advantages of dynamic crystals, while they also reveal their drawbacks for actual application as actuators. Altogether the results indicate that, if the challenges with fabrication and implementation in devices are overcome, adaptive molecular crystals can have far‐reaching implications for emerging fields such as smart microelectronics and soft microrobotics.
Enamel Repair with Amorphous Ceramics
Authors: Wei Yan , Liu Shaojia , Xiao Zuohui , Zhao Hewei , Luo Jun , Deng Xuliang , Guo Lin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDeveloping high‐performance materials in physiological conditions to clinically repair stiff tissue for long lifespan remains a great challenge. Here, an enamel repair strategy is reported by efficiently growing a biocompatible ZrO2 ceramic layer on defective enamel through controllable hydrolysis of Zr4+ in oral‐tolerable conditions. Detailed analysis of the grown layer indicates that the grown ZrO2 ceramic is amorphous without grain boundary and dislocation, which endows the repaired enamel with natural enamel comparable mechanical performance (modulus ≈82.5 GPa and hardness ≈5.2 GPa). Besides, the strong chemical connection between unsaturated coordinated Zr4+ in amorphous structure and PO43− greatly strengthen the crystalline–amorphous interface of the repaired enamel to endure the long‐time mastication damage. Moreover, these ZrO2 ceramics provide hydrophilic, electronegative, and smooth surfaces to resist the adhesion and proliferation of cariogenic bacteria. The hybrid amorphous–crystalline interface design with advantages in biomechanical compatibility would promote the evolution of a variety of cutting‐edge functional materials for medical and engineering application.
Interfaceless Strain and Pressure‐Sensitive Stretchable Capacitor Based on Self‐Bonding and Surface Morphology Control of a Reversibly Crosslinkable Silicone Elastomer
Authors: Choi Su Bin , Han Chul Jong , Lee Cheul‐Ro , Kim Jong‐Woong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA typical capacitive mechanical sensor implemented using a layer of soft dielectric polymer sandwiched between two flexible electrodes, where the capacitance is formed, suffers from unintended buckling instability upon repeated stretch‐and‐release owing to different mechanical characteristics of constituent materials and unstable interfaces. Here, a stretchable, healable, and transparent strain/pressure‐sensitive capacitor is successfully fabricated by hybridizing Ag nanowires (AgNWs) with a polydimethylsiloxane containing maleimide‐derived Diels–Alder (DA) adducts as reversible crosslinkers. AgNWs formed on the surface of the cured polymer sheet are impregnated under the surface of the film by utilizing the vaporized solvent‐assisted retro‐DA reaction. Two identical films with fully impregnated AgNWs under the polymer surface are subjected to lamination with the insulated areas facing each other to implement a sandwich‐structure with a centering dielectric layer. Owing to the retro‐DA and reversible crosslinking during heating, two films in contact are fully integrated as if the architecture is originally made of a single film. The sensitivity to pressure under the stretching condition increases by about 320% compared to that without stretching.
Extremely Low Dark Current MoS2 Photodetector via 2D Halide Perovskite as the Electron Reservoir
Authors: Wang Haoliang , Wang Xudong , Chen Yan , Zhang Shukui , Jiang Wei , Zhang Xin , Qin Jiajun , Wang Jiao , Li Xiaoguo , Pan Yiyi , Liu Fengcai , Shi Zejiao , Zhang Haijuan , Tu Luqi , Wang Hailu , Long Huabao , Li Dapeng , Lin Tie , Wang Jianlu , Zhan Yiqiang , Shen Hong , Meng Xiangjian , Chu Junhao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractToward pursuing high‐performance photodetectors based on 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), it is desirable to reduce the high dark current and sluggish response time. Here, in multilayer MoS2‐based photodetectors, a 2D halide perovskite, (C6H5C2H4NH3)2PbI4 ((PEA)2PbI4), is introduced as a bifunctional material: both as electron reservoir to reduce free carriers and passivation agent to passivate defects. Surprisingly, dark current is suppressed by six orders of magnitude after coating a (PEA)2PbI4 thin layer onto pristine MoS2 photodetector, with the dark current decreased to 10−11 A. This huge reduction of dark current suggests an efficient interlayer charge transfer from MoS2 to (PEA)2PbI4, which is further verified by photoluminescence quenching phenomenon. It indicates that (PEA)2PbI4 serves as electron reservoir to reduce carrier density of MoS2, resulting in ultrahigh detectivity (1.06 × 1013 Jones). Moreover, the response speed is also accelerated by more than 100‐fold due to passivation by 2D perovskite. In addition, it is found that this type of photodetectors can further work at self‐power mode (with the bias of 0 V). Therefore, the strategy of applying 2D perovskite on the surface of TMDs provides a novel way to fabricate high‐performance photodetectors.
Low‐Power Phase Transition of Chalcogenide Glass Using Au Nanoparticle Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Cao Tun , Liu Kuan , Lu Li , Liu Jianxun , Liu Yan Jun , Qin Kai Rong , Chui Hsiang Chen , Simpson Robert E. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractChalcogenide materials are attractive for all‐photonic phase‐change memories owing to their large optical contrast between amorphous and crystalline structural phases. However, high‐power heating pulses are required to switch these structural phases, which can limit the cyclability. To reduce power, Au nanoparticles (NPs) are embedded in a typical chalcogenide phase‐change material, Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST). Raman analysis shows that a GST film crystallizes at a low optical power of 2 mW, which is almost 10 times lower than that of materials not embedded with NPs. This lower power is owing to the enhanced light absorptance through the strongly localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of the Au NPs. The Au NPs embedded in the GST film scatter light at λ = 587 nm, which is close to Au NP's LSPR of ≈535 nm. Laser light at 532 nm is used to measure Raman scattering from the Au–GST system. The Raman scattering is enhanced by a factor 12 compared with a bare GST film. This study indicates that the GST film–Au NP system is suitable for high‐speed, low‐power, phase‐change memory and for a new type of tunable surface‐enhanced Raman scattering substrate.
Lattice‐Enhanced Fano Resonances from Bound States in the Continuum Metasurfaces
Authors: Tan Thomas C. W. , Plum Eric , Singh Ranjan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractFano resonances in metamaterials are known for their high quality (Q) factor and high sensitivity to external perturbations, which makes them attractive for sensors, lasers, and nonlinear and slow light devices. However, Fano resonances with higher Q factors obtained through structural optimization of individual resonators are accompanied by lower resonance intensity, thereby limiting the overall figure of merit (FoM) of the resonance. Here, a strategy for simultaneously enhancing the Q factor and FoM of Fano resonances in terahertz metamaterials is reported. Coupling of the Fano resonance, which arises from a symmetry‐protected bound state in continuum, to the first‐order lattice mode of the metamaterial array leads to stronger field confinement and substantial enhancement of both Q factor and FoM. As such enhancement occurs in planar metamaterials independently of the resonator geometry, the proposed approach can be utilized for a wide range of high‐Q and high‐sensitivity terahertz metadevices.
Metastable Refractive Index Manipulation in Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon for Reconfigurable Photonics
Authors: Mohammed Mahir Asif , Melskens Jimmy , Stabile Ripalta , Pagliano Francesco , Li Chenhui , Kessels Wilhelmus M. M. , Raz Oded 
Published: January 2020

AbstractHydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) is known for exhibiting light‐induced metastable properties that are reversible upon annealing. While these are commonly associated with the well‐known deleterious Staebler–Wronski effect in the field of thin‐film silicon solar cells, the associated changes in optical properties have not been well studied. Emerging reconfigurable photonic devices and applications can benefit from metastable optical properties where two states of the material are reversibly accessible without the need for continuous stimulation. The study demonstrates a light‐induced 0.3% increase of the metastable refractive index of a‐Si:H that is reversed upon annealing over several cycles using a highly sensitive Fabry–Pérot interferometric technique. Utilizing this technique, a metastable optical switch based on a micro‐ring resonator is demonstrated with reversible distinct switching states separated by 0.3 nm between the light‐soaked and annealed states, a switching extinction exceeding 20 dB and an unchanged Q‐factor, suggesting no excess discernible optical loss. Furthermore, metastable strain changes in a‐Si:H‐based freestanding membrane structures are linked to the observed metastable optical properties and present a possible route to stable photonic devices. Our proof‐of‐concept demonstration showcases a‐Si:H‐based reconfigurable photonics that support multiple purpose photonic integrated circuits, reconfigurable metamaterials, and advanced optomechanical devices.