bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on microstructure and mechanical properties of short-carbon-fiber/Ti3SiC2 composites
Authors: He Guangqi , Guo Rongxiu , Li Meishuan , Yang Yang , Wang Linshan , Qian Yuhai , Zuo Jun , Xu Jingjun , Liu Changsheng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this paper, short-carbon-fibers (Csf) reinforced Ti3SiC2 matrix composites (Csf/Ti3SiC2, the Csf content was 0, 2, 5 and 10 vol.%) were fabricated by spark-plasma-sintering (SPS) using Ti3SiC2 powders and Csf as starting materials at 1300 oC. The effects of Csf addition on the phase compositions, microstructures and mechanical properties (including hardness, flexural strength and fracture toughness) of Csf/Ti3SiC2 composites were investigated. The Csf, with a bi-layered transition layers, i.e. TiC and SiC layer, were homogeneously distributed in the as-prepared Csf/Ti3SiC2 composites. With the increase of Csf content, the fracture toughness of Csf/Ti3SiC2 composites increased, but the flexural strength decreased, while the Vickers hardness decreased initially then increased steadily when the Csf content was higher than 2 vol.%. These changed performances could be attributed to the introduction of Csf and the formation of much stronger interfacial phases.
The Markers of Constipation in Palliative Care Cancer Patients: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Dzierżanowski Tomasz 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThere is no widely approved definition of constipation in palliative care, and short life expectancy allows only for a short time of observation before diagnosis. Apart from the patient’s subjective perception, it should include the objective (measurable) symptoms, as a significant portion of patients is unable to express their subjective assessment. The aim of this study was to verify what is the correlation between the objective and subjective symptoms of constipation and what values are diagnostic to constipation in adult palliative care cancer patients.MethodsA multicenter cohort study was performed.Results547 adult cancer patients were routinely assessed by physicians in 12 in-patient, home, and ambulatory palliative care centers. 369 patients met the inclusion criteria. The time since the last spontaneous bowel movements and their frequency were correlated with the subjective measures: the difficulty of defecation, the Bowel Function Index, and the necessity to use laxatives. The difficulty of defecation was moderate to the extreme when the time since the last spontaneous bowel movements was ≥2 days or a frequency of spontaneous bowel movements was <4 per week.ConclusionsConstipation should be diagnosed optimally based on a combination of objective and subjective metrics. At least one of the diagnostic markers should be present: the difficulty of defecation of ≥2 in [0-4] scale (moderately difficult to extremely difficult); the necessity of laxatives to induce bowel movements; time since the last spontaneous bowel movements ≥2 days; frequency of spontaneous bowel movements <4 per week.
Evaluation of chloride resistance of silica fume and glass waste MWCNT- geopolymer composite
Authors: khater hisham , elnagar abdeen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The target of the present paper is to study the enhancement effect of MWCNT on geopolymer resistivity to chloride attack. Geopolymer composites were made from metakaolin and ground granulated blast furnace slag and to either 10 % silica fume or glass waste. The added MWCNT were in the ratio of 0.01: 0.09 % by weight. Results revealed the high resistivity and stability against magnesium chloride solution; in addition glass waste mixes acquired high mechanical strength as compared with silica fume mixes as related to the high amorphous structure as well as high finesty of glass waste as compared with silica fume. The results revealed an increased enhancement in characteristics of geopolymer composites with MWCNT up to 0.07 % in both matrices.
Single Cell Oil Production with Cutaneotrichosporon curvatus (syn, Cryptococcus curvatus) PY39 and Its Use for Biodiesel Preparation
Authors: Jiru Tamene Milkessa 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Microorganisms including yeasts that are capable of accumulating lipids above 20 to 70% of their dry biomass are collectively named oleaginous. The oil produced from such microorganisms can be used as alternative sources of oils for human consumption, feedstocks for production of biodiesel, components in paints, coatings, detergents, cleaning products, cosmetics, plastics, rubber and intermediate products.Results: In this study Cutaneotrichosporon curvatus (Cryptococcus curvatus) PY39, an oleaginous yeast, isolated from flower surface in Ethiopia, was grown under nitrogen-limited media. The capacity of this strain with respect to biomass production, lipid yield and lipid content was evaluated. To determine the optimal culture conditions for this oleaginous yeast, different carbon and nitrogen sources, carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio, pH, incubation temperature, shaking speed and incubation period were investigated. The optimal fermentation conditions were obtained as follows: 70 g/L of glucose as carbon source; combinations of ammonium sulphate and yeast extract as nitrogen sources at, respectively, 0.50 g/L and 0.47 g/L; initial pH of 5.0; temperature at 30oC, shaking speed of 225 rpm, and cultivated for 144 h. Under the optimized conditions, C.curvatus PY39 accumulated lipids up to 7.22±0.26 g/L on dry biomass basis. Such values correspond to lipid content of 48.66±0.60%. This strain was further grown on media containing peel mixtures of papaya and mango. Under the optimized conditions, C. curvatus PY39 exhibited a lipid yield and lipid content of 3.95±0.67 g/L and 35.02±1.63%, respectively. The fatty acid profiles were analyzed using gas chromatography. Data revealed the presence of significant amount of oleic acid (54.40±1.15%), palmitic acid (17.39±0.47%), stearic acid (13.16±0.93%) and low amount of other fatty acids in the extracted yeast oils which indicate that the fatty acid profiles were very similar to that of conventional vegetable oils.Conclusion: The results of fatty acid profiles showed that the microbial lipids from the studied yeast can be good feedstocks for biodiesel production.
VALIDATION OF THE MALAY-TRANSLATED EXPECTANCY VALUE MODEL QUESTIONNAIRE AND MULTI-DIMENSIONAL SPORTSPERSONSHIP ORIENTATIONS SCALE AMONG MALAYSIAN ADOLESCENCE FIELD HOCKEY PLAYERS
Authors: Rarujanai Kanagarajah , Wah Teo Eng , Ling Arthur , Chin Ngien Siong , Mansur Mansur 
Published: April 2020

This study presents an overview of Malaysian adolescent field hockey players’ expectancy beliefs, subjective values and sportspersonship attitude. We aimed to translate and validate two questionnaires i.e., Expectancy Value Model Questionnaire (EVMQ) and Multi-dimensional Sportspersonship Orientations Scale (MSOS) to Malay language. The EVMQ and MSOS were translated into the Malay language using the back translation method. A total of 230 respondents (15.40 ± 2.17 years) were recruited for this study. The result of analyses are EVMQ-M (M = 5.38 ± .95) and MSOS-M (M = 3.64 ± .40) respectively. Content validity was checked by experts in the fields for content conformity and culture bias whereas face validity was confirmed by ten participants. Both questionnaires showed high internal consistency (reliability); EVMQ-M (α = .94) and MSOS-M (α = .82). Data fits were checked using the Structural Equation Model; EVMQ-M (χ² (df = 39) = 84.07, CFI = .97, GFI = .94, TLI = .95, RMSEA = .07, ChiSq/df = 2.16) and MSOS-M (χ² (df = 146) = 321.76, CFI = .92, GFI = .87, TLI = .90, RMSEA = .07, ChiSq/df = 2.20) also showed good construct validity. The translated Malay version EVMQ-M and the MSOS-M are reliable and valid instruments to assess Malaysian adolescent field hockey players.
Novel Coronavirus in Cape Town Informal Settlements: Feasibility of Using Informal Dwelling Outlines to Identify High Risk Areas for COVID-19 Transmission From A Social Distancing Perspective
Authors: Gibson Lesley , Rush David 
Published: April 2020

Background
The challenges faced by the Global South during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic are compounded by the presence of informal settlements, which are typically densely populated and lacking in formalized sanitation infrastructure. Social distancing measures in informal settlements may be difficult to implement due to the density and layout of settlements. This study measures the distance between dwellings in informal settlements in Cape Town to identify the risk of COVID-19 transmission.

Objective
The aim of this paper is to determine if social distancing measures are achievable in informal settlements in Cape Town, using two settlements as an example. We will first examine the distance between dwellings and their first, second, and third nearest neighbors and then identify clusters of dwellings in which residents would be unable to effectively practice social isolation due to the close proximity of their homes.

Methods
Dwellings in the settlements of Masiphumelele and Klipfontein Glebe were extracted from a geographic information system data set of outlines of all informal dwellings in Cape Town. The distance to each dwelling’s first, second, and third nearest neighbors was calculated for each settlement. A social distance measure of 2 m was used (buffer of 1 m, as dwellings less than 2 m apart are joined) to identify clusters of dwellings that are unable to effectively practice social distancing in each settlement.

Results
The distance to each dwelling’s first 3 nearest neighbors illustrates that the settlement of Masiphumelele is constructed in a denser fashion as compared to the Klipfontein Glebe settlement. This implies that implementing social distancing will likely be more challenging in Masiphumelele than in Klipfontein Glebe. However, using a 2-m social distancing measure, it was demonstrated that large portions of Klipfontein Glebe would also be unable to effectively implement social distancing.

Conclusions
Effectively implementing social distancing may be a challenge in informal settlements due to their density. This paper uses dwelling outlines for informal settlements in the city of Cape Town to demonstrate that with a 2 m measure, effective social distancing will be challenging.
OPTIMIZATION OF FORMULATION OF SOLID DISPERSION OF FUROSEMIDE BY FACTORIAL DESIGN
Authors: HARDIKAR SHARWAREE R. , MULLA SHAKIL S. 
Published: April 2020

Objective: The present study aimed to improve the rate of dissolution of furosemide by solid dispersion technique.
Methods: Solid dispersion of furosemide was prepared by using hydrogel isolated from the seeds of Lepidium sativum as a novel carrier by the solvent evaporation method. Solid dispersion was evaluated to study the improvement in the rate of dissolution. Molecular dispersion of furosemide in the novel carrier was studied by DSC and FTIR studies. Solid dispersion was filled in capsules after stability studies and the formulation was optimized by adopting factorial design.
Results: Solid dispersion of furosemide exhibited dissolution improvement from 13.54 % (plain furosemide) to 69.12% (solid dispersion) in the first 60 min. Improvement in dissolution efficiency was found to be retained after stability studies. Capsules were filled with the formulation of solid dispersion using two different grades of lactose-α lactose monohydrate and anhydrous lactose and were found stable after stabilization studies.
Conclusion: The dissolution improvement of furosemide was attributed to its molecular dispersion in the novel carrier selected for this study. The recrystallization of furosemide was prevented due to intermolecular interaction between the novel carrier and furosemide. This was confirmed by FTIR. Evaluation of the dissolution data of factorial batches was analyzed by ANOVA. Analysis of the data revealed that selected levels of α lactose monohydrate and anhydrous lactose would be useful to navigate design space.
VALIDATION OF REVERSED-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF 6-, 8-, 10-GINGEROLS AND 6-SHOGAOL FROM GINGER EXTRACTS
Authors: ANTONY BENNY , BENNY MERINA , RESHMA MARY 
Published: April 2020

Objective: Development and validation of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous estimation of 6-, 8-, 10-Gingerols and 6-Shogaol in ginger extract using authentic standards.
Methods: The chromatographic separation was achieved by using a C18 column and a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile, ortho-phospohoric acid in water and methanol. The proposed method was validated in terms of the analytical parameters such as specificity, accuracy, precision, linearity, range, the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) according to ICH guidelines.
Results: Linear calibration curves were obtained over concentration ranges of 10-250 µg/ml for 6-, 8-, 10-gingerols and 6-shogaol with determination coefficients more than 0.99 for each analyte. Intra and inter-day precisions of the method were found to be below 2% for each analyte, with relative standard deviation (% RSD) values in the range of 0.47 to 1.55% for 6-gingerol, 0.44 to 1.51% for 8-gingerol, 0.24 to 1.90% for 10-gingerol and 0.25 to 1.67% for 6-shogaol. The percentage recovery of gingerols and shogaol was obtained with an average of 99.53%, 99.97%, 100.13% and 100.53% respectively, which was well within acceptance range.
Conclusion: Simple, accurate, precise and rapid HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of 6-, 8-, 10-gingerols and 6-shogaol and validated in accordance with ICH guidelines. The developed method was found to be suitable for the standardization of herbal extracts and polyherbal formulations for the content of 6-, 8-, 10-gingerols and 6-shogaol.
ANALYSIS OF DOXORUBICIN AND DOXORUBICINOL IN DRIED BLOOD SPOT OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS FOR MONITORING THE CARDIOTOXICITY OF DOXORUBICIN
Authors: HARAHAP YAHDIANA , AMALIA SABRINA NUR , ANARTA ALDHI , RAMADHAN  
Published: April 2020

Objective: This study aimed to analyze doxorubicin and doxorubicinol levels in Dried Blood Spot (DBS) from 25 breast cancer patients who received doxorubicin in their therapeutic regiment.
Methods: DBS samples were extracted by protein precipitation method and analyzed using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), with the Acquity UPLC BEH C18 Waters chromatography column (2.1 x 100 mm x 1.7 μm). The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% acetic acid (eluent A) and acetonitrile (eluent B) with gradient elution; the flow rate was 0.15 ml/min and runtime, 7 min. This method was linear within the concentration range of 10–200 ng/ml for doxorubicin and 4–100 ng/ml for doxorubicinol.
Result: The analysis results showed that doxorubicin levels were in the range of 11.01 ng/ml to 93.75 ng/ml and doxorubicinol was 5.80 ng/ml to 58.57 ng/ml.
Conclusion: Cumulative doses of all patients were in the range of 49.11 mg/m2to 303.70 mg/m2, which have cardiomyopathy incidence rates<4%.
A UFMG NA MOSTRA DOS ESTUDANTES DA PQ19
Authors: Rodrigues Cristiano Cezarino , Carvalho Tereza Bruzzi de , Silva Maria Laura De Vilhena Dias e 
Published: April 2020

O presente trabalho aborda a experiência de participação da UFMG na representação do Brasil na Mostra dos Estudantes na Quadrienal de Praga em 2019. Relata o processo de concepção, ideação, realização e participação do trabalho desenvolvido pelos alunos no âmbito da disciplina Cenografia, na Formação Transversal em Processos Criativos e Culturas em Movimento da UFMG. A partir desse relato, busca-se compreender o ensino da cenografia na UFMG e sua relação com o grupo de pesquisa Barracão, que se tornou referência no assunto nessa instituição. Por fim, discute-se as relações e a repercussão que a PQ estabelece nas proposições sobre a cenografia no que tange o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão na UFMG.Palavras-chave Cenografia. Quadrienal de Praga. Ensino. Pesquisa. Extensão universitária. UFMG.
DOSSIÊ FOTOGRÁFICO DA 14ª QUADRIENAL DE PRAGA
Authors: Silva Ianara Elisa Castro 
Published: April 2020

Seleção de fotos da montagem, exposições e parte da delegação brasileira da 14ª edição da Quadrienal de Praga, acontecida entre os dias 6 e 16 de Junho de 2019. Um resumo visual que tenta ilustrar os diferentes aspectos e espaços do evento. Palavras-chave Quadrienal de Praga. Cenografia. Evento. Dossiê Fotográfico. PQ19.
DIÁLOGOS ENTRE A ACADEMIA E A CENOGRAFIA: A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO CENOTEC UFRN PARA ESTE DEBATE NA PQ TALKS DA QUADRIENAL DE PRAGA 2019
Authors: Araújo José Sávio Oliveira de 
Published: April 2020

O presente ensaio apresenta uma reflexão acerca da participação brasileira em um importante painel da Quadrienal de Praga 2019, o PQ Talks intitulado: “What has the academy done to or for scenography?” (O que a academia tem feito para ou pela Cenografia?), durante a Quadrienal de Praga 2019, em Praga, República Tcheca. Participaram deste painel pesquisadores da área de Cenografia de sete países, de diferentes continentes, permitindo observar uma significativa amostragem de questões que pautam a contribuição do espaço acadêmico na atividade cenográfica mundial em diferentes âmbitos e recortes. O foco aqui abordado se concentra no impacto gerado pela contribuição brasileira, neste painel, que apresentou um trabalho produzido por meio do PIBID TEATRO UFRN e desenvolvido do CENOTEC – Laboratório de Estudos Cenográficos e Tecnologias da Cena – DEART/UFRN em parceria com escolas públicas da rede municipal de ensino do município de Natal, RN, Brasil. Uma experiência inédita de introdução do Ensino de Cenografia no Ensino Fundamental, em escolas públicas, que expressou e exemplificou algumas inquietações apontadas pelos painelistas, resultando numa importante contribuição brasileira, tanto pelo seu ineditismo como pela demonstração de sua natureza interdisciplinar e articulações entre formação de professores de teatro, pesquisa universitária e inserção social da produção acadêmica. Palavras chave Quadrienal de Praga 2019. Diálogos acadêmicos. Ensino de Cenografia.
Um espelho de duas faces: ser ou não ser mãe?
Authors: Silva Janaína , Queiroz e Melo Maria de Fátima Aranha de 
Published: April 2020

A maternidade por muito tempo foi considerada indispensável para a vivência feminina. Porém, nas últimas décadas, vem ocorrendo um movimento contrário a uma naturalização do sentimento materno fundamentado apenas pelo pertencimento da mulher ao gênero feminino. Este trabalho é fruto de um mestrado em andamento cujo objetivo é descrever como a concepção sobre a maternidade foi construída, bem como analisar, através do Desafio da Maternidade Real, postado na plataforma Facebook, matérias e documentários publicados no Youtube, como as pessoas se manifestam a respeito desse assunto. Através desta análise, percebemos a necessidade de alavancar a discussão também em torno de uma não maternidade. Metodologicamente, adotamos a Teoria Ator- Rede para mapear e discutir as translações efetuadas entre os diversos actantes envolvidos na controvérsia e por entendermos que os dados disponíveis na internet se constituem um excelente campo de pesquisa, uma vez que potencializam a rastreabilidade dos acontecimentos.
PRINCIPLES OF HIGHER EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN WORKS OF RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHERS AND SCIENTISTS OF 20TH CENTURY
Authors: Volnyakova Olga A. , Arapov Oleg G. , Arapova Elmira A. , Solodukhin Denis V. 
Published: April 2020

Introdução: o artigo é dedicado à pesquisa do ensino superior em vários aspectos, são apresentados os resultados do seu reconhecimento no pensamento científico e filosófico nacional do século XX, sendo detectada conexão com as tendências europeias comuns do ensino superior. Considerações de filósofos e cientistas russos populares que deram sua contribuição à base ideológica e aos princípios do ensino universitário na Rússia no século XX são consideradas.Materiais e métodos: Os métodos são baseados em tradições de pesquisa do conhecimento humano: abordagem filosóficoantropológica dos problemas da existência humana, método comparativo de consideração de problemas educacionais em conexão com vários contextos culturais e históricos do desenvolvimento da existência humana, método histórico-comparativo. Além disso, são refletidos os métodos de pesquisa fenomenológica e hermenêutica. A base, o conteúdo, as metas e os objetivos do sistema educacional, incluindo o ensino universitário e a conexão da educação com investigações reais do ser humano e da sociedade contemporâneos, são detectados e compreendidos filosoficamente.Resultados da pesquisa: É apresentado no artigo que as principais abordagens da educação e os resultados de sua compreensão pelos pensadores russos compreendem a unidade de conteúdo e ressoam com problemas reais de sua estrutura e conteúdo em termos do mundo moderno, incluindo a realidade russa.Portanto, a idéia da necessidade de uma combinação ótima de conhecimentos científicos, especiais e filosóficos naturais no sistema educacional é fundamentada. Essa abordagem permite desenvolver a educação em termos de valores humanitários, facilita a formação de personalidade moral e espiritualmente orientada e socialmente responsável do especialista, exercendo uma visão de mundo razoável. Discussão e conclusão: os resultados recebidos podem ser utilizados para o exercício dos princípios do desenvolvimento do ensino superior em termos de desafios contemporâneos, baseados no princípio da sucessão e na manutenção das maiores tradições culturais, e também no planejamento estratégico dos programas educacionais da Universidade.
Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events, Severe Hypoglycemia, and All-Cause Mortality for Widely Used Antihyperglycemic Dual and Triple Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes Management: A Cohort Study of All Danish Users
Authors: Jensen Morten Hasselstrøm , Kjolby Mads , Hejlesen Ole , Jakobsen Poul Erik , Vestergaard Peter 
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVE
The vast number of antihyperglycemic medications and growing amount of evidence make clinical decision making difficult. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety of antihyperglycemic dual and triple therapies for type 2 diabetes management with respect to major adverse cardiovascular events, severe hypoglycemia, and all-cause mortality in a real-life clinical setting.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Cox regression models were constructed to analyze 20 years of data from the Danish National Patient Registry with respect to effect of the antihyperglycemic therapies on the three end points.

RESULTS
A total of 66,807 people with type 2 diabetes were treated with metformin (MET) plus a combination of second- and third-line therapies. People on MET plus sulfonylurea (SU) had the highest risk of all end points, except for severe hypoglycemia, for which people on MET plus basal insulin (BASAL) had a higher risk. The lowest risk of major adverse cardiovascular events was seen for people on a regimen including a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. People treated with MET, GLP-1, and BASAL had a lower risk of all three end points than people treated with MET and BASAL, especially for severe hypoglycemia. The lowest risk of all three end points was, in general, seen for people treated with MET, sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, and GLP-1.

CONCLUSIONS
Findings from this study do not support SU as the second-line treatment choice for patients with type 2 diabetes. Moreover, the results indicate that adding a GLP-1 in people treated with MET and BASAL could be considered, especially if those people suffer from severe hypoglycemia.