bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Mediator‐Free Electroenzymatic Sensing Methodology to Mitigate Ionic and Electroactive Interferents' Effects for Reliable Wearable Metabolite and Nutrient Monitoring
Authors: Cheng Xuanbing , Wang Bo , Zhao Yichao , Hojaiji Hannaneh , Lin Shuyu , Shih Ryan , Lin Haisong , Tamayosa Stephanie , Ham Brittany , Stout Phoenix , Salahi Kamyar , Wang Zhaoqing , Zhao Chuanzhen , Tan Jiawei , Emaminejad Sam 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWearable electroenzymatic sensors enable monitoring of clinically informative biomolecules in epidermally retrievable biofluids. Conventional wearable enzymatic sensors utilize Prussian Blue (a redox mediator) to achieve selectivity against electroactive interferents. However, the use of Prussian Blue presents fundamental challenges including: 1) the susceptibility of the sensor response to dynamic concentration variation of ionic species and 2) the poor operational stability due to the degradation of its framework. As an alternative wearable electroenzymatic sensor development methodology to bypass the aforementioned limitations, a mediator‐free sensing interface is devised, comprising of a coupled platinum nanoparticle/multiwall carbon nanotube layer and a permselective membrane. The interface is adapted to develop sensors targeting glucose, lactate, and choline (as examples of informative metabolites and nutrients), showing high degrees of sensitivity, selectivity (against a wide panel of naturally present and diverse interfering species), stability (<6.5% signal drift over 20 h operation), and reliability of sensing operation in sweat samples. By integration within a readout board, a wireless sample‐to‐answer system is realized for on‐body sweat biomarker analysis. This methodology can be adapted to target a wide panel of biomarkers in various biofluids, introducing a new sensor development direction for personal health monitoring.
Passivating Detrimental DX Centers in CH3NH3PbI3 for Reducing Nonradiative Recombination and Elongating Carrier Lifetime
Authors: Wang Jing , Li Wei , Yin Wan‐Jian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAfter a period of rapid, unprecedented development, the growth in the efficiency of perovskite solar cells has recently slowed. Further improvement of cell efficiency will rely on the in‐depth understanding and delicate control of defect passivation. Here, the formation mechanism of iodine vacancies (VI), a typical deep defect in CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3), is elucidated. The structural and electronic behaviors of VI are like those of a DX center, a kind of detrimental defect formed by large atomic displacement. Aided by the passivation mechanism of DX centers in tetrahedral semiconductors, it is found that the introduction of Br strengthens chemical bonds and prevents large atomic displacements during defect charging. It therefore reduces the defect states and diminishes electron–phonon coupling. Using time‐domain density functional theory (DFT) combined with nonadiabatic molecular dynamics, it is found that the carrier lifetime can be enhanced from 3.2 ns in defective MAPbI3 to 19 ns in CH3NH3Pb(I0.96Br0.04)3. This work advances our understanding of how a small amount of Br doping improves the carrier dynamics and cell performance of MAPbI3. It may also provide a route to enhance the carrier lifetimes and efficiencies of perovskite solar cells by defect passivation.
Amorphous Oxide Semiconductor Transistors with Air Dielectrics for Transparent and Wearable Pressure Sensor Arrays
Authors: Ji Sangyoon , Jang Jiuk , Hwang Jae Chul , Lee Youngjin , Lee Jae‐Hyun , Park Jang‐Ung 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFlexible, transparent pressure sensors have numerous potential applications in wearable electronics, soft robotics, health monitoring. In particular, highly sensitive and reliable pressure sensors that cover wide ranges of pressures are promising because they can undergo various external stimulations. Here an unconventional approach is presented for fabricating the active‐matrix array of air‐dielectric, amorphous oxide semiconductor transistors for transparent, wearable pressure sensors. In the structure of these pressure‐sensitive field‐effect transistors (FETs), the clean interface between the air and the oxide semiconductor channel enables the FETs to have outstanding mobility and negligible electrical hysteresis with rapid and reliable responses as pressure sensors for an extensive range of pressures from 200 Pa to 5 MPa. Also, low processing temperature and high transparency of oxide semiconductors make it possible to fabricate them on plastics with flexibility and transparency. The fabrication of active‐matrix pressure sensor arrays demonstrated the real‐time monitoring of freely moving, ultralight, liquid droplets on the sensor. In addition, this can be integrated into the fingertips of gloves to monitor the pressure changes that occur during grasping objects. These results illustrate the potential of pressure sensors to provide robust solutions in the next‐generation electronics including remote surgery, health monitoring, and robotics.
Feature Engineering of Solid‐State Crystalline Lattices for Machine Learning
Authors: Cox Timothy , Motevalli Benyamin , Opletal George , Barnard Amanda S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe problem of feature extraction, in crystalline solid‐state systems with point defects, is considered. Novel methods for creating features for use in machine‐learning‐based predictive modeling of such systems are developed. The methods are illustrated in a case study where machine learning methods are used to predict the onset of amorphization in crystalline systems containing vacancy defects. How the methods developed may be generalized to study other problems in solid‐state materials is also discussed.
Pressurized tubular solid oxide H2O/CO2 coelectrolysis cell for direct power‐to‐methane
Authors: Luo Yu , Shi Yixiang , Chen Yanbo , Li Wenying , Jiang Lilong , Cai Ningsheng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTo improve the energy‐to‐CH4 efficiency and enhance renewable power utilization, we investigate direct Power‐to‐Methane at low inlet H2 content (25 vol%) in solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC). The synergy of the pressurized operation and the electricity input effectively enhances CH4 yield by one‐order of magnitude from 2.8% to 28.7% and the CO2‐to‐CH4 ratio from 4.4% to 39.5% in the H2‐reduced case, where the ratio of H2 consumption to total energy consumption decreases to 41% and the energy‐to‐CH4 efficiency increases to 53%. We develop a multiphysics tubular SOEC model to understand the intrinsic coupling between electrochemistry and heterogeneous catalytic chemistry. From the perspective of performance enhancement, geometry optimization, and thermal design, inhibiting CH4 production in the inlet gas‐controlled zone and promoting CH4 production synergistically in both the electrochemistry‐controlled zone and the temperature‐controlled zone is the key to improve the energy‐to‐CH4 efficiency.
Renpenning syndrome in an Indian patient
Authors: Masih Suzena , Moirangthem Amita , Phadke Shubha R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRenpenning syndrome is one of the well‐characterized causes of X‐linked intellectual disability and is associated with microcephaly and various visceral malformations. Face is considered characteristic but the dysmorphism is subtle. Here we report an Indian adult with a very lean habitus, progressive atrophy of the upper back muscles, microcephaly, loss of cervical lordosis, and upper thoracic scoliosis. Using whole‐exome sequencing, a hemizygous deletion was identified in PQBP1 that leads to a frameshift and premature termination of translation. The loss of normal curvatures of cervical and upper thoracic spine due to muscular atrophy is a characteristic feature, though it may be age dependent.
Outstanding performance of parylene polymers as electrets for energy harvesting and high‐temperature applications
Authors: Lagomarsini Clara , Jean‐Mistral Claire , Kachroudi Achraf , Monfray Stéphane , Sylvestre Alain 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTParylene C is used in many applications due to its high properties but it remains a material with moderate performance as long as it is intended for use as an electret. Hence, the generally accepted idea, rightly so, in the scientific and industrial community not to necessarily select parylene (i.e., parylene C) for applications where the endurance of the electret is a strong criterion. Our study provided a new perspective on the performance of parylenes as electret. In this case, we will talk about fluorinated Parylenes of the VT‐4 type and especially AF‐4 variant. Their thermal stability is outstanding and a charge stability is almost total up to 100 °C. A 50% reduction in the charge is recorded at a temperature as high as of 220 °C (9 μm thick Parylene AF‐4), making it one of the most efficient polymer electrets to date. Negatively and positively charged Parylene AF‐4 electrets presented similar performance over long durations, which is out of ordinary for the commonly employed polymeric electrets. Finally, these fluorinated polymers are therefore particularly promising new candidates for applications in electret‐based converters for energy harvesting. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48790.
Novel approach in synthesizing ternary GO‐Fe3O4‐PPy nanocomposites for high Photothermal performance
Authors: Getiren Bengü , Çıplak Zafer , Gökalp Ceren , Yıldız Nuray 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTIn this study, graphene oxide‐iron oxide‐polypyrrole (GO‐Fe3O4‐PPy) ternary nanocomposites having high photothermal activity and stability are synthesized and analyzed using ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and magnetic hysteresis measurement (VSM). The effect of power density (1.5–2.5 W cm−2), concentration (0.01–0.2 mg mL−1), and component composition of nanocomposites on the photothermal properties in the near‐infrared (NIR) region (808 nm) is examined. The results show that superparamagnetic GO‐Fe3O4‐PPy ternary nanocomposite exhibits excellent photothermal performance. The temperature reaches to 55.5, 72.3, and 83.1 °C under the irradiation of the 808 nm NIR laser at 1.5, 2.0—, and 2.5 W cm−2 of power density for 10 min at 0.1 mg mL−1 photothermal therapy (PTT) agent, respectively, and moreover it has excellent photothermal stability. In summary, it is concluded that synthesized nanocomposites potentially may be used in simultaneous magnetic field‐guided treatments. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 137, 48837.
Consumer engagement on social media: Evidence from small retailers
Authors: Devereux Elise , Grimmer Louise , Grimmer Martin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study investigates which characteristics of the social media posts of small firms in Tasmania, Australia elicit higher levels of consumer engagement. Results from an analysis of small retail firms’ social media postings (Facebook, Instagram and Twitter) (N = 2,607) illustrate the importance of the content of the post (i.e., businesses‐related vs. non‐business‐related), the activity (i.e., text, image or video), the time of day of the posting and the platform on which the activity was posted, in eliciting responses from followers. Results show Facebook received significantly higher levels of engagement, compared with Twitter and Instagram. Contrary to expectations, the specific day of the week did not have any impact on levels of engagement. This research demonstrates how small businesses can improve their use of social media marketing to engage more effectively with customers and followers.
Interdisciplinary assessment and management of a patient with a fibrous gingival enlargement of unknown origin: A case report
Authors: Barbe Anna Greta , Röhrig Gabriele , Hieggelke Lena , Noack Michael Johannes , Derman Sonja Henny Maria 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA gingival enlargement of unclear cause could only be diagnosed after interdisciplinary cooperation as plasma cell gingivitis of unknown origin. Interdisciplinary approaches remain crucial when diagnosing rare gum diseases.
Enhancement of the denitrification efficiency over low‐rank activated coke by doping with transition metal oxides
Authors: Ye Meng , Cheng Chungui , Li Yuran , Lin Yuting , Wang Xue , Chen Guanyi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLow‐rank activated coke (AC) is widely used for industrial flue gas purification due to its multipollutant cooperative removal capability. To enhance the denitrification capacity of AC for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with NH3, several transition metal (Fe, Mn, Ce, V) oxides were uniformly loaded into AC by solvent impregnation. Compared to untreated AC, modified AC showed excellent denitrification efficiency above 90%. N2 adsorption‐desorption and Raman spectroscopy techniques were used to characterize the pore size distribution and crystal structure of AC samples. The introduction of transition metal oxides had little effect on the pore structure of AC but increased the nitrogen‐containing functional groups, which facilitated NO removal. Moreover, x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to analyze the valence changes of metal elements before and after denitrification. After the reaction, the content increase of the low‐valence metal oxides indicated that the transition metal oxides were involved in the reaction of NO with NH3. High‐valence metal oxides oxidized NO to NO2, which reacts more easily with NH3, thereby increasing the denitrification efficiency. Importantly, in the presence of SO2, modified AC still presented high denitrification performance. This transition metal oxides doping method can effectively improve the ability of low‐rank AC to remove NO in multi‐contaminant flue gas.
Stochastic geometry of network of randomly distributed moving vehicles on a highway
Authors: Dubosarskii Gleb , Primak Serguei , Wang Xianbin 
Published: December 2019

SummaryVehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have become an extensively studied topic in contemporary research. One of the fundamental problems that has arisen in such research is understanding the network statistical properties, such as the cluster number distribution and the cluster size distribution. In this paper, we analyze these characteristics in the case in which vehicles are located on a straight road. Assuming the Rayleigh fading model and a probabilistic model of intervehicle distance, we derive probabilistic distributions of the aforementioned connectivity characteristics, as well as distributions of the biggest cluster and the number of disconnected vehicles. All of the results are confirmed by simulations carried out for the realistic values of parameters.
Bone marrow as a target and accomplice of vascular complications in diabetes
Authors: Santopaolo Marianna , Sambataro Maria , Spinetti Gaia , Madeddu Paolo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPeripheral vascular complications are common in diabetic patients. While pathogenic mechanisms have received much consideration, only recently regenerative processes captured attention. There is now a consensus that the bone marrow is a source of reparative cells and that this healing mechanism is lost in people with diabetes, especially in those suffering from ischemic complications. This failure was thought to occur due to a negative impact of diabetes on the mobilization of stem/progenitor cells with angiogenic properties from the bone marrow to the circulation. Moreover, those patients showing severely reduced bone marrow cell mobilization also bared a very high risk for adverse cardiovascular events. More recently, the structural integrity of the bone marrow was recognized to be altered because of the rarefaction of local microvasculature and innervation, thus mirroring anatomical features that typically occur in peripheral tissues. Ensuing hypoxia, nutrient starvation, and creation of an acidic and oxidative environment concur in causing the depletion of stem/progenitor cells in the endosteal niche and in forcing stromal cells to activate an adipogenesis program. Moreover, stem/progenitor cells acquire a pathogenic phenotype and, once mobilized, can pass harmful signalling molecules to vascular cells of peripheral tissues thereby contributing to ischemic complications. These new pieces of evidence indicate that the bone marrow should deserve more attention in the current care of critical limb ischemia and diabetic foot. Owing to powerful reserve capacities, the bone marrow integrity could be preserved and even rescued using rehabilitation programs and pharmacological treatments with consequent benefit for local and whole‐organism homeostasis.
Development, validation, and application of an LC–MS/MS method for mitragynine and 7‐hydroxymitragynine analysis in hair
Authors: Meier Ulf , Mercer‐Chalmers‐Bender Katja , Scheurer Eva , Dussy Franz 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe entire scalp hair of a self‐declared Kratom consumer of 3 grams per day was acquired during an ethical committee approved study. As no values of the concentration in hair of the two Kratom alkaloids mitragynine or 7‐hydroxymitragynine were found in the literature, an already established method for the analysis of benzodiazepines/z‐substances was extended for the detection of mitragynine and 7‐hydroxymitragynine with LC–MS/MS, and successfully validated. The limits of detection and quantification for mitragynine were 2 pg/mg and 4 pg/mg, respectively. Those of 7‐hydroxymitragynine were 20 pg/mg and 30 pg/mg, respectively. The method was applied to the entire scalp hair, divided in 91 regions, of the study participant. A narrow mitragynine concentration distribution with values between 1054 pg/mg and 2244 ng/mg (mean 1517 ng/mg) and no clear scalp region associated distribution pattern was obtained. 7‐Hydroxymitragynine was not detected in any hair sample. After validation, the method was established as routine and subsequently 300 samples (mainly abstinence controls for drugs of abuse) were analyzed, allowing the investigation of the prevalence of Kratom consumption in our population. None of the analyzed routine hair samples were positive for mitragynine or 7‐hydroxymitragynine, providing no evidence that Kratom consumption is prevalent in the investigated population.
Rapid reversal of a potentially constraining genetic covariance between leaf and flower traits in Silene latifolia
Authors: Steven Janet C. , Anderson Ingrid A. , Brodie Edmund D. , Delph Lynda F. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGenetic covariance between two traits generates correlated responses to selection, and may either enhance or constrain adaptation. Silene latifolia exhibits potentially constraining genetic covariance between specific leaf area (SLA) and flower number in males. Flower number is likely to increase via fecundity selection but the correlated increase in SLA increases mortality, and SLA is under selection to decrease in dry habitats. We selected on trait combinations in two selection lines for four generations to test whether genetic covariance could be reduced without significantly altering trait means. In one selection line, the genetic covariance changed sign and eigenstructure changed significantly, while in the other selection line eigenstructure remained similar to the control line. Changes in genetic variance–covariance structure are therefore possible without the introduction of new alleles, and the responses we observed suggest that founder effects and changes in frequency of alleles of major effect may be acting to produce the changes.
Contrast‐induced nephropathy after cardiac resynchronization therapy implant impairs the recovery of ejection fraction in responders
Authors: Strisciuglio Teresa , Ammirati Giuseppe , Pergola Valerio , Imparato Livio , Carella Cristina , Koci Elisabeta , Chiappetti Rosaria , Abbate Fabio Giovanni , La Fazia Vincenzo Mirco , Viggiano Aniello , Trimarco Bruno , Rapacciuolo Antonio 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsData regarding contrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implant are limited. We aimed to investigate the incidence and determinants of CIN and its impact on CRT response and outcomes.Methods and resultsPatients who underwent CRT implant were retrospectively analysed, and CIN was defined as an increase of serum creatinine ≥0.3 mg/dL or ≥1.5 times the baseline value. Response to CRT was defined as a reduction of left ventricle end‐systolic volume (LVESV) of 15% or the increase of five percentage points in ejection fraction (EF) as assessed by echocardiography at 6 months. Follow‐up visits were scheduled at 3, 6, and 12 months.Contrast‐induced nephropathy occurred in 13/107 patients (12%). Among baseline clinical, echocardiographic, and laboratory characteristics, only a high baseline serum creatinine was associated with the occurrence of CIN. Symptoms, EF, and LVESV at 6 months improved in both CIN and non‐CIN patients, and the rate of responders to CRT was similar. Among responders, at 6 months, those with CIN had significantly lower EF (28.5% vs. 35.7% P = 0.003).At a median follow‐up of 112 weeks, 43% of patients experienced a clinical event with similar incidence in CIN and non‐CIN patients, and likewise survival was similar. Non‐responders to CRT had worse survival while among responders those with CIN had worse survival than non‐CIN patients (71% vs. 90%, P = 0.0035).ConclusionsThe incidence of CIN is rather high. Although CIN does not influence response to CRT overall, however among responders impairs the recovery of EF and survival.
The impact of land surface temperatures on suprapermafrost groundwater on the central Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau
Authors: Huang Kewei , Dai Junchen , Wang Genxu , Chang Juan , Lu Yaqiong , Song Chunlin , Hu Zhaoyong , Ahmed Naveed , Ye Renzheng 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTo investigate the influences of land surface temperatures (LSTs) on suprapermafrost groundwater discharge, a river valley was selected in a typical permafrost region of Fenghuoshan (FHS) watershed on the central Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau. We developed a two‐dimensional model to simulate the suprapermafrost groundwater seasonal dynamics controlled by LSTs and the changing trends under a warming climate scenario (3°C/100 year). We calibrated key parameters of our model by the field observations at FHS watershed and analysed the relationship between the different LSTs and the suprapermafrost groundwater discharge dynamics in the active layer. The results show that (a) by changing the permeability of the active layer, the LSTs have a significant effect on the suprapermafrost groundwater discharge. A higher LST causes more suprapermafrost groundwater discharge, resulting in a different discharge pattern and affecting the ability to replenish the nearby river in the permafrost area. (b) Under a warming climate, the most obvious change in the suprapermafrost groundwater occurs in the freeze initiation period (from October to December), and there is a significant increase in the suprapermafrost groundwater discharge rate. This study reveals that the LST has a controlling effect on the seasonal dynamics of shallow groundwater systems in permafrost regions, indicating that the impact of local topography on the suprapermafrost groundwater should not be ignored in suprapermafrost groundwater simulations. Moreover, the warming simulation results demonstrate that the freezing season is the significant transformation period of suprapermafrost groundwater dynamics under future climate change, which can be used to better understand hydrological and ecological process changes in permafrost regions under climate warming.