bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Liquefaction Resistance of Coarse Sand-Fine Mixtures Soil under Two-Way Cyclic Loading
Authors: Othman BA. , Marto A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Soil liquefaction is one of the devastating consequences of earthquake hazards. Extensive study had been carried out to understand the factors affecting liquefaction resistance of sand and sand-fine mixtures, both in the laboratory and in-situ. However, the findings are still incomplete particularly in terms of particle size, grading characteristics and fines content of sand-fine mixtures. Hence, this paper aims to present the cyclic behaviour of coarse sandfine mixtures, in terms of liquefaction resistance under two-way cyclic triaxial loading tests. The cyclic loading tests under undrained condition had been performed with various percentage of kaolin as fines content. The sand-fine mixtures were prepared with 15% relative density and tested under 100 kPa of effective consolidation pressure. The cyclic triaxial loading tests were performed with a typical frequency of 1 Hz to simulate earthquake situation. The results showed that, with the increase of fines content in coarse sand-fine mixtures, the smaller the number of cycles required for the initiation of soil liquefaction. However, the number of cycles to initiate liquefaction increased back when fines content in the mixture was greater than 30%. As 30% fines content gave the lowest liquefaction resistance, this value is known as a threshold value in which it is the transition of sand domination to fines. The liquefaction resistance decreased with the increase of fines until it reached the threshold value but increased with fines content thereafter.
Research on the Incentive Mechanism of China’s Hydrogen Station Development
Authors: Kong Chuiying , Men Feng , Sun Tian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The World’s energy problems have promoted the development of fuel cell vehicles; slow construction of hydrogen stations has become a bottleneck of its development. The paper starts from the status of hydrogen station construction, In-depth analysis of the main problems faced by China’s hydrogen station construction, such as, the overall plan is missing, the top-level design is lack, the centralized management is not clear, the approval process is complex, the construction and operation costs is high, enterprises’ burden is heavy, the technical reserves is insufficient, the technical standard is inconsistent and so on. On this basis, the conclusion is drawn about the driving force of China’s hydrogen station construction. National and local cooperation, rapid development of fuel cell vehicles and backward of hydrogenation facility construction promote the development of China’s hydrogen stations.
Application of Image Restoration in On-Line Detection of Optical Element Damage
Authors: Wang Y , Wang L , Xu M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
With the continuous development of technology, Image processing methods based on computer vision began to shine in the field of image processing. There are many easily damaged optical equipment, traditional off-line detection technology requires analysis of components in optical devices after disassembly. Therefore, offline detection technology cannot guarantee the efficiency of the device, It also affects the cost and life of the equipment. Therefore, the research on the online detection technology of optical component damage has become an urgent problem to be solved. In this paper, an online damage detection method for optical elements based on image restoration is proposed. Then, the whole image and block image are processed by this method to verify the processing effect.
Analysis of optimal allocation of nuclear power based on newsboy model
Authors: Bai Yuntao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
With the increasing role of nuclear power in energy allocation, the problem of energy waste is very serious. This paper first considers the economic compensation between the government and the nuclear power generation enterprises, the repurchase of redundant power and other policy support methods, and constructs the newsboy model, which provides a reference for the rational generation of nuclear power enterprises. The research shows that the higher the production cost per unit of nuclear power, the smaller the optimal generation capacity of nuclear power enterprises will be. The greater the probability that the power produced by nuclear power enterprises is not not in surplus, the smaller the optimal power generation of nuclear power enterprises is. The more fines are imposed on nuclear power enterprises under the unit power shortage, the greater the optimal power generation of nuclear power enterprises will be. The higher the government’s purchase price for excess power, the greater the optimal power generation of enterprises will be.
Risk assessment framework of geomagnetic storm disaster in long-distance UHV transmission system
Authors: Lin Jiang , Weili Wu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on the reference geomagnetic field waveform issued by NERC, a fault assessment framework of geomagnetic storm disaster in 750 kV UHV transmission system in China is established. Six factors are considered: geomagnetic latitude, earth conductivity, transformer GIC reactive response, transformer GIC thermal effect, geomagnetic field waveform and wide area geomagnetic storm effect. The research results can provide useful reference for the vulnerability assessment of geomagnetic storms in power system.
Study on Comprehensive Evaluation System and Method of AC-DC Hybrid System
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhang Yan , Liu Mei , Cai Hui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
With the rapid development of renewable energy worldwide, the electricity from large-scale renewable energy bases is transmitted to load-intensive area by DC transmission lines, forming an AC-DC hybrid system with AC and DC coupling obviously and tightly. Measuring the development level of the AC-DC hybrid system is of great significance for grid construction and power transmission. This paper first establishes a kind of comprehensive evaluation system that reflects both the interaction of AC-DC and the overall system capability. Then the evaluation method combining the three methods of AHP-Entropy-TOPSIS is carried out relatively. Finally the evaluation system and method is applied in the actual grid example. The comprehensive evaluation system and method of AC-DC hybrid system constructed in this paper is of reference significance to power grid planning and operation management.
Analysis of distributed power sources impact on distribution network voltage and reactive power optimization
Authors: Di Gai , Jiaolong Lv , Yu Su , Chuanbo Liu , Yan Li , Lishuai He , Wenjia Zhu , Yongquan Tong , Boyu Shi , Hui Chen , Gang Hou , Yuejun Zhao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The grid connection of distributed power sources will greatly change the initial electrical state of the system. Therefore, it is necessary to do scientific research on the impact of grid connection of distributed power sources and take appropriate measures to improve system stability. Two evaluation indexes of average voltage change rate and average voltage fluctuation rate are established to describe the impact of different distributed power grids on voltage. The IEEE 33-node power distribution network is used as a model. The distributed power source is connected to the power distribution network with different capacities and different locations. Based on the calculation results of the power flow, the voltage distribution diagrams of the system under different states are drawn, and a comprehensive analysis is performed according to the formulated quantitative indicators. A genetic algorithm was used to search for the optimal reactive power output of a single power supply connected to the grid.
Analysis of Unbalanced Settlement and Development Proposals of Electric Spot Market Under the Integration of Planned Economy and Market Economy
Authors: Wu Yang , Dai Xiaojuan , Chen Yuguo , Li Xiufeng , Jiang Yan , Gao Daochun , Zhao Zhenyu , Duan Ruiqin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Construction of Electric Spot Market has recently begun in China. The coexistence of planned economy and market economy in the electricity market may not change in a short time. Determining the unbalanced funds caused by the settlement of planned economy in the spot market is essential, this paper proposes and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of three settlement methods in the spot market under the integration of planned economy and market economy. This paper emphasizes on the analysis of unbalanced fund caused by the planned economy in the spot market settlement. The different results of one-time and twice settlement of planned economy on unbalanced settlement in the spot market are discussed, and suggestions to the development of Electric Spot Market in China are proposed.
Two-stage scheduling strategy of air-conditioning load participating in PV absorption of distribution network
Authors: Fang Haochen , Wang Qi , Liu Xiaofeng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aiming at the grid operation problems brought by large-scale photovoltaic(PV) connection to the distribution network, this paper proposes a two-stage scheduling strategy for air-conditioning load to participate in the PV absorption of distribution network, considering the schedulable capacity of air-conditioning load. First, in the first stage, in the micro-grid layer, each air-conditioning load aggregator(LA) makes a market bidding based on non-cooperative game to determine the day-ahead scheduling plan according to the plan of PV absorption formulated by the micro-grid operator in the past.; In the second stage, in the distribution network layer, when the micro-grid itself cannot fully absorb the PV power and the power is transferred to the main network, resulting in the voltage overlimit problem in the network, the grid company adjusts the voltage by using the schedulable capacity of air-conditioning load. The simulation results show that the strategy proposed in this paper can not only enhance the utilization of PV power and adjust the distribution network voltage, but also improve the profit of the air-conditioning LAs, reduces the regulation cost of the micro-grid operators and the grid company and has high economic efficiency.
Analysis of hydraulic performance for Kaplan turbine components based on CFD simulation
Authors: Li Yunzhe , Liu Qilin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Kaplan turbine is a kind of reaction turbine which is widely used in medium and low head section in China. Generally, flow passage of Kaplan turbine is composed of five components: semi-spiral case, stay vane, guide vane, runner and draft tube. The hydraulic performance of these components has an important impact on turbine efficiency. In this paper, 3D internal flow of about 15 Kaplan turbines is simulated by CFD method, the hydraulic performance of each component is predicted, and the calculation results are statistically analyzed. It can provide reference and direction for the designers involved in the design and research field of Kaplan turbine.
Farmers’ Willingness to Adopt Clean Energy—Survey in Northeastern China
Authors: Li Xuesong , Dong Yaowu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Among 1.38 billion people in China, approximately forty-two percent of the population reside in rural areas. Farmers’ willingness to adopt clean energy is crucial to policy makers, planners and business developers as China will begin its Paris Agreement implementation in 2020. For Chinese government, switching energy sources will be a monumental task. To understand farmers’ opinions, 527 farmers were surveyed in Jilin Province of Northeast China, and nearly 83% of them burn coal and dried stalk/straw to heat homes and cook food. Their willingness to adopt clean energy is assessed in four different areas: attitude towards behavior, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and socioeconomic characteristics. A binary logistic regression model is establish with one dependent variable (willingness to adopt clean energy) and twelve independent variables: 1. Quality of life, 2. Monthly expenses, 3. Environment benefits, 4. Government commitments, 5. Appraisal from neighbors and friends, 6. Local clean energy market maturity, 7. Switching costs, 8. Savings in labors, 9. Technical guidance and periodical maintenance instructions, 10. Age, 11. Education level, and 12. Household annual income. Our results indicate that nine variables (X1 – X5, X7 – X9 and X12) have apparent impacts on the farmers’ willingness to adopt clean energies. The impacts from X1, X3 – X5, X8 – X9 and X12 are positive, while that from X2 and X7 are negative. Implications of the results are discussed, along with policy suggestions.
Mechanism Analysis of PV Generation System for Damping Electromechanical Oscillations
Authors: Li Mingxian , Chai Hua , Li Ding , Zhang Yi , Wang Yue , Tang Zhen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
For physically understanding the dynamic response of a photovoltaic (PV)-based integrated power system for electromechanical oscillation damping, firstly, this paper develops the linear mathematical model of a single machine infinite bus system integrated with PV in the electromechanical time scale. Then, based on the electric torque analysis method and the functional route of active power control (P-control) and reactive power control (Q-control), the key factors and influence laws of the power system inertial effect, damping level and synchronization capability are analyzed. The results show that when the PV operating mode utilizes the rotor speed as feedback signal, the PID controller parameters of P or Q-control loop can affect the damping level, synchronization capability and inertial effect of the power system, respectively. The accuracy of the physical mechanism analysis is verified by MATLAB.
Research on Offshore Short-term Wind Speed Prediction Based on the CSA Modeling Improved by Random Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Jianping , Ji Haipeng , Chen Dong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Aiming at improving the prediction accuracy of offshore short-term wind speed, a model based on random cuckoo search algorithm (RCSA) and artificial neural network (ANN) was proposed. Firstly, RCSA was obtained by introducing a random factor to improve CSA, and then a RCSA-ANN model for predicting offshore short-term wind speed was established. Secondly, a wind tower was built in Luchao Port, Shanghai, offshore meteorological data were measured, and the training of the model was carried out. Finally, the precision of RCSA-ANN model was verified by comparison and analysis with BP-ANN and CSA-ANN models. The results show that the improved CSA method is simple, reliable and effective, which solves the problem that the algorithm is easy to fall into local optimum. The average error of RCSA-ANN model is not only lower than that of BP-ANN model, but also much lower than that of CSA-ANN model, and the prediction accuracy of these three models decreases in turn. RCSA-ANN model has high prediction accuracy and can precisely predict fluctuating wind speed sequences, and it also has good application potential.
Analysis of several key factors in soil organic reconstruction
Authors: Chen K H , Zhang Y , Liu Y P 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Soil organic reconstruction is the core of land engineering. Taking the Hancheng Xiayukou land consolidation project as an example, this paper discusses the application in the reconstruction of organic soil through four key aspects, namely the particle needs, profile reconstruction, soil chemical properties and nutrition support. The results showed that: (1) In searching of reconstruction materials, we should give priority to the soil particle needs; (2) In the soil profile reconstruction level, we should fully consider the local soil and hydrological conditions. In the same time, reasonable structure of profile should be designed guided by the target crop; (3) In the reconstruction process, we should consider the safety of reconstruction materials; (4) According to the target crop demand, we should adjust soil components to provide protection for biological nutrition after soil organic reconstruction.
Analysis on Landscape Ecological Pattern of Fengshan and Surrounding Areas in Yuyao City from the Perspective of Sustainable Development
Authors: Gao Yuanyuan , Zhao Tiezheng , Zhao Yang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Taking Fengshan and surrounding areas in Yuyao City as the research object, the map GIS data of the land use status in the study area in the third national land survey data completed in August 2019 was used as the basic data, and using ArcGIS10.5, Fragstats 4.2 and other software for data analysis. This study quantitatively analyzes the landscape ecological pattern in the study area from the aspect of landscape ecological pattern characteristics, and proposes the optimization of landscape spatial layout, which provides a scientific basis for the rational use of land resources and regional sustainable development. The results show that the landscape ecological pattern in the study area is dominated by natural landscapes, with mixed distributions of urban, village, and agricultural landscapes. The urban construction is underdeveloped, and the stability of the landscape ecological pattern is affected during the urbanization process. The rate is lower. The types of landscape patches are relatively rich, and the distribution of each landscape type is even. The rapid urbanization has affected the ecological sustainable development of the study area.
Ecological remediation zoning of territory based on the “Source-Stream-Sink” Coupler: Case study of Liuzhou city, China
Authors: Zhu Ziming , Song Yuanzhen , Qin Menglin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Rapidly increasing demand for land and natural resources has produced problems of man-land contradiction and ecological destruction, threatening the ecosystem’s healthy development. Traditional research was often carried out in multiple departments, mainly in ecological remediation projects that have not been inspected by the whole organization system. The master plan formulated by the government department was severely disconnected from the project of local units. No quantitative models have been established to clarify the complex nonlinear relationships between projects, so our cognition of monomer’s ecological remediation and the overall pattern are fuzzy. Coupling ecological source and overall pattern allows us to coordinate the relationship between them and enables us to explore the most efficient ecological remediation solutions. We created the “Source-Stream-Sink” Coupler (SSSC) using ecological security patterns to simulate ecological source and the overall pattern coupling and to explore the integration of the two. SSSC simulates the whole process of land ecological remediation pattern construction. It includes three sub-steps: (1) identifying the “Source” of nature; (2) finding “Stream” act on connections; (3) plotting “Sink” with agglomeration effects. We chose Liuzhou city as a case study research area, verifying SSSC can smoothly operate the whole process from ecological source recognition to pattern construction by conducting field research and data embedding. This allows us to identify an optimal ecological remediation zoning of territory pattern.
Study on Regional Water-Saving Evaluation System Based on Extension Evaluation Method
Authors: Mao Jian-sheng , Mao Jian-rong , Xu Ri-gong , Yu Ya-zhen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Insufficient qualitative analysis in regional water-saving system needs to be solved, as it effects the effective implementation of comprehensive evaluation system. Though the unilateral quantitative indicators can be able to make the sure results of the evaluation data, it is short of qualitative index guiding, data monitoring and management. Therefore, the evaluation results lost sufficient convince conditions. This paper puts forward a kind of evaluation index system of regional water based on extension evaluation method. Based on the national water-saving society indicators, a comprehensive evaluation index system of water-saving combining quantitative and qualitative analysis is built, and a comprehensive evaluation quantitative model is established based on the correlation function and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, the water-saving cases for Zhoushan City in 2014, 2018 years and Yuhuan County in 2014 years of Zhejiang Province are taken as an example. The evaluation results show that the water-saving condition of Zhoushan City in 2018 year is much better than at 2014 year’s done. And in 2014, both Zhoushan City and Yuhuan County are done in basically same result, but there qualitative and quantitative evaluation results are different because of the geographical environment and size of the area. Thus, feasibility and effectiveness of the method are verified.
Analysis of Soil retention service function in the North Area of Guangdong based on the InVEST model
Authors: Wang Xiuming , Liu Xucheng , Long Yingxian , Liang Wei , Zhou Jian , Zhang Yinbo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on the InVEST model, the spatial and temporal evolution trends of water and soil conservation service functions in northern Guangdong in the three periods from 2000 to 2018 were evaluated, and the factors affecting the changes and spatial distribution of soil conservation time were further analyzed. The results indicate: (1) The average soil erosion per unit area in the study area in different years is 5.9∼7.6 t/ha•a, 81∼87% of the study area is mild erosion. (2) The amount of soil retention per unit area in the study area increased firstly and then decreased, reaching a maximum of 68.87 t/ha•a in 2010. This change was mainly caused by the difference in rainfall erosivity caused by precipitation. (3) The low-value areas of soil retention in the study area are mainly distributed in the central urban areas of Shaoguan, Qingyuan, Nanxiong Basin and Wengjiang Basin. The high-value areas are mainly distributed in the mountainous areas, such as Dadong Mountain, Qiweishan Mountain, Luoke Mountain, Huashui and Huangsi-nao Mountain. (4) The main factors affecting the spatial difference of soil retention in the study area are land use type, altitude, and slope. Under different land use types, the amount of soil retention per unit area from large to small is woodland> grassland> water area> cultivated land> construction land.
Study on the characteristics of water level during the flood season in the Poyang Lake, China
Authors: Lei Wentao , Ding Bing , Kong Weina , Huang Ping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Characteristics analysis on the water level in the Poyang Lake, China during the flood season in 1956-2012 are presented, including the trend test, abrupt change detection and periodic identification. The Mann-Kendall test and Spearman’s rho test were conducted with results showing no significant trend in both the flood season averaged WLs and monthly averaged WLs in the Poyang Lake. The sequential Mann-Kendall test and Pettitt test were carried out and showed no significant abrupt change in trend of WLs as well. Besides, the Morlet continuous wavelet transform was applied to identify the periodic characteristics in trend of WLs. The results indicated that there were three types scale of periodic component, in which the periodic oscillation in 35 years was the first main period of the annual flood season averaged WLs with basically two oscillations, while the periodic oscillation in 11 years and 5 years were the second and third main periods, respectively.