bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary metastasis secondary to abiraterone‐resistant prostate cancer with homozygous deletions of BRCA2: First Japanese case
Authors: Izawa Mizuki , Kosaka Takeo , Nakamura Kohei , Oba Junna , Hishida Tomoyuki , Hongo Hiroshi , Mikami Shuji , Nishihara Hiroshi , Oya Mototsugu 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionMost metastatic prostate cancers acquire the capacity for androgen‐independent growth and become resistant to androgen deprivation therapy. A patient‐focused treatment strategy is needed for aggressive castration‐resistant prostate cancer.Case presentationWe report the case of a 62‐year‐old man who presented with prostatic adenocarcinoma who was treated by radiation and combined androgen blockade. After completion of first‐line therapy, he was diagnosed with multiple metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer in the lung. Second‐line therapy with abiraterone acetate resulted in partial remission of the lung metastases. Thoracic surgery was performed to remove the single lung metastasis remaining. Next‐generation sequencing of the specimens demonstrated homozygous loss of BRCA2. We note in this case a heterogeneous response to abiraterone acetate may be related to the somatic BRCA2 deletions.ConclusionsWe present the first Japanese case of a metastatic abiraterone acetate‐resistant castration‐resistant prostate cancer accompanied by BRCA2 mutation.
Transcriptomic‐based toxicological investigations of ethanol to human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Liu Xudong , Zhang Yuchao , Liu Liangyu , Zhu Sijie 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEthanol has a complex effect on the cardiovascular system in humans, but the systemic effects of ethanol to endothelial cells were rarely investigated. In this study, we exposed human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to 5‐ or 50‐mM ethanol and performed transcriptomics to investigate the systemic effects of ethanol. While these concentrations of ethanol did not significantly affect HUVEC viability, 5‐mM ethanol significantly upregulated and downregulated 59 and 73 genes, respectively, whereas 50‐mM ethanol significantly upregulated and downregulated 50 and 80 genes, respectively. Totally, 37 genes were shared by the two concentrations of ethanol. The most significantly altered gene ontology (GO) term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway after 5‐mM ethanol treatment were nucleic acid binding (GO:0003676) and Herpes simplex virus 1 infection (ko05168), respectively, whereas the most significantly altered GO term and KEGG pathway by 50‐mM ethanol treatment were aryl sulfotransferase activity (GO:0004062) and chemical carcinogenesis (ko05204). We further verified that ethanol treatment downregulated the mRNA levels of CD38 molecule (CD38), ORAI calcium release‐activated calcium modulator 2 (ORAI2), cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2 (CYSLTR2), key genes involved in calcium signaling pathway (ko04020), as well as integrin subunit alpha 2 (ITGA2), and cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 like 2 (CREB3L2), key genes involved in PI3K‐Akt signaling pathway (ko04151). The results from this study suggested that ethanol could induce systemic effects and alter signaling pathways in HUVECs.
The experimental and theoretical assessment of biopartitioning micellar liquid chromatography to mimic the drug‐protein binding of some pain‐relief drugs
Authors: Mohammadnia Fatemeh , Fatemi Mohammad Hossein , Taghizadeh Seyed Mojtaba 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this work, biopartitioning micellar liquid chromatography (BMLC) was used to the assessment of affinity binding of 13 pain‐relief drugs to human serum albumin (HSA) molecules. The values of BMLC retention factors were determined by aqueous CTAB solution as mobile phase. Then, these values were correlated to some molecular structural descriptors by using a quantitative structure retention relationship methodology. The statistical quality of the obtained models was evaluated by different validation tests. Also, selected descriptors were correlated with protein–drug binding values and resulted in correlation coefficients higher than 0.8. Results indicated that selected descriptors can address the most important structural features influencing the binding affinity of studied drugs to HSA.
The prognostic value of the lysyl oxidase family in ovarian cancer
Authors: Ye Miaomiao , Zhou Junhan , Gao Ying , Pan Shuya , Zhu Xueqiong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundOur study intended to evaluate the prognostic value of lysyl oxidase (LOX) and its four relevant members, the lysyl oxidase–like genes (LOXL1‐4), in ovarian cancer (OC) patients.Material and MethodsThe Kaplan‐Meier plotter (KM plotter) database was used to investigate the prognostic power of the LOX family for OC patients. Overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) were the clinical endpoints. The prognostic roles of the LOX family in OC patients were also analyzed according to various clinicopathological characteristics, including histological subtypes, clinical stages, pathological grades, and chemotherapeutic treatments.ResultsOverexpression of LOX, LOXL1, LOXL2, and LOXL3 mRNA indicated poor OS and PFS in OC patients, particularly in serous and grade II + III OC patients. Overexpression of LOXL4 mRNA resulted in worse PFS in OC patients. Overexpression of LOX and LOXL1 mRNA showed worse OS and PFS in stage III + IV OC patients, and overexpression of LOXL3 mRNA indicated worse OS and PFS in stage I + II OC patients. Overexpression of LOX, LOXL3, and LOXL4 mRNA indicated worse OS and PFS among OC patients who received platinum, taxol, and taxol + platinum chemotherapy. Overexpression of LOXL1 and LOXL2 mRNA was related to lower OS and PFS in OC patients who received platinum chemotherapy.ConclusionLOX, LOXL1, LOXL2, and LOXL3 may become potential predictive markers for negative outcomes in OC patients. Moreover, the LOX family can serve as new molecular predictors for the efficiency of platinum‐based chemotherapy in OC patients.
How does management legacy, nitrogen addition, and nitrification inhibition affect soil organic matter priming and nitrous oxide production?
Authors: Thilakarathna Shakila K. , Hernandez‐Ramirez Guillermo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLong‐term management of croplands influences the fluxes and sources of nitrous oxide (N2O). We examined this premise in a greenhouse study by using soils collected from a 38‐yr‐old field experiment. The sampled treatments were continuous barley (Hordeum vulgare L.; CB), continuous fescue (Festuca rubra L., F. arundinacea Schreb; CF), and two phases of an 8‐yr rotation: faba bean (Vicia faba L.; FB) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)–bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) hay. Barley was grown as a test crop in the greenhouse in each soil. The ranking of N2O emissions was hay > FB > CB > CF (P < .001). We quantified the 15N‐site preference to assess the N2O‐producing processes. Denitrification was the predominant source, contributing 77.4% of the N2O production. We also evaluated nitrogen (N) additions: urea alone or urea with a nitrification inhibitor (nitrapyrin or DMPSA). Compared with urea alone, nitrapyrin and DMPSA reduced N2O emissions by 16 and 25%, respectively. We used urea labeled with 15N to trace N to N2O emissions, aboveground plant N uptake, and N retention by soils. Total 15N‐recovery (N2O + plant + soil) was highest under FB (86%) and lowest under CB (29%). We further separated the N2O derived from urea versus N2O from soil organic matter (SOM). The inhibitor DMPSA reduced the N2O derived specifically from added urea‐N by more than half (P < .001). With the addition of urea, N2O production from mineralization of SOM‐N accelerated over the control (without urea), termed the priming effect. This priming of SOM‐N contributed with 13% of the total N2O production when averaged across the four management legacies. The CB soil had the highest proportion of priming‐derived N2O (24%). Management legacies clearly differed in soil carbon and N, which governed N2O production from denitrification and SOM priming.
Effect of nervous stimulation on ovarian steroid secretion in amphibians
Authors: Cisint Susana , Crespo Claudia A. , Iruzubieta Villagra Lucrecia , Fernández Silvia N. , Ramos Inés 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the present study, the effect of nerve stimulation on the secretory activity of the ovary of adult females was analyzed for the first time in amphibians. Results revealed that in Rhinella arenarum the stimulation of nerves that supply the gonad induced an increase in estradiol and progesterone secretion, this response showing differences during the reproductive cycle of the species. During the postreproductive period, an increase in estradiol secretion was observed while, in the reproductive period, progesterone secretion increased. Our results suggest that the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system would be responsible for this increase, taking into account that, under our experimental conditions, acetylcholine did not affect the endocrine activity of the gonad, while adrenaline (epinephrine) was effective in inducing steroid secretion an effect that could be due to interaction with β receptors. On the other hand, our data show that the association of adrenaline with follicle‐stimulating hormone increased estradiol secretion during the postreproductive period, while the association of catecholamine with LH or hCG increased progesterone secretion during the reproductive period. Our results would suggest that nerve stimulation, mediated by the release of adrenaline, would act synergistically with gonadotrophins to stimulate steroid secretion.
Accurate prediction of severe postoperative complications after pancreatic surgery: POSSUM vs E‐PASS
Authors: Hayashi Hikota , Kawabata Yasunari , Nishi Takeshi , Kishi Takashi , Nakamura Kosuke , Kaji Shunsuke , Fujii Yusuke , Tajima Yoshitsugu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground/PurposeFew reports have evaluated the differences in the predictive accuracy between the physiological and operative severity score for the enumeration of mortality and morbidity (POSSUM) and estimation of physiologic ability and surgical stress (E‐PASS) in pancreatic surgery. Thus, we evaluated the accuracy and similarity of POSSUM and E‐PASS for the prediction of severe postoperative complications (PCs) after pancreatic surgery.MethodsWe enrolled 343 consecutive patients who underwent pancreatic surgery in our department between April 2006 and September 2017. The difference in predictive values of POSSUM and E‐PASS for the occurrence of PCs ≥ Clavien‐Dindo grade IIIa (PCs‐CD ≥ IIIa) was nonparametrically compared. The predictive accuracy and similarity of each tool was examined using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and linear regression analyses.ResultsForty‐five patients developed PCs‐CD ≥ IIIa. E‐PASS had a significantly higher predictive value for estimating PCs‐CD ≥ IIIa occurrence (P = .002) than did POSSUM. The area under the curve value in ROC analysis was significantly higher in E‐PASS than in POSSUM (0.643 vs 0.543, P = .014), with a weak positive correlation in the predictive value between E‐PASS and POSSUM (R2 = .333, P < .001).ConclusionEstimation of physiologic ability and surgical stress was useful for predicting severe PCs after pancreatic surgery and had a higher accuracy than POSSUM.
Neoadjuvant gemcitabine and nab‐paclitaxel for borderline resectable pancreatic cancers: Intention‐to‐treat analysis compared with upfront surgery
Authors: Inoue Yosuke , Saiura Akio , Oba Atsushi , Ono Yoshihiro , Mise Yoshihiro , Ito Hiromichi , Sasaki Takashi , Ozaka Masato , Sasahira Naoki , Takahashi Yu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground/PurposeWe evaluated efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy with gemcitabine and nab‐paclitaxel (GNP‐NAT) in borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BR‐PC) patients compared to conventional upfront surgery (UPS).MethodsThis single‐center retrospective study assessed 151 consecutive patients: 96 diagnosed in 2008‐2014 underwent UPS (UPS group) and 55 diagnosed in 2015‐2017 underwent GNP‐NAT (GN group). Patient background, surgical, pathological, and survival outcomes were compared between groups.ResultsAge, sex, and pretreatment carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 were similar between groups. After four courses of NAT‐GNP, 46 GN patients (84%) underwent surgery while all UPS patients underwent surgery. Only three GN patients (5%) underwent non‐therapeutic procedures, compared to 23 (24%) in the UPS group (P = .004). In the whole cohort, R0‐resection was achieved in 40 GN patients (73%) vs 46 UPS patients (48%; P = .004) and the 3‐year overall survival was significantly higher in the GN group (median survival time, 31.9 vs 18.1 months, P = .014). In the resection cohort, the R0‐resection rate was 93% (GN) vs 63% (UPS; P = .0007). There was no 90‐day mortalities in either group.ConclusionsIntention‐to‐treat‐based analysis indicated considerable benefits of GNP‐NAT in BR‐PCs for long‐term survival, contributing to improved tumor suppression and patient selection.
Optimal fermentation time for Nigrospora‐fermented tea rich in bostrycin
Authors: Li Jinhan , Shi Le , Xu Shiyao , Gu Siyi , Wen Xue , Xu Danyan , Luo Junyan , Huang Youyi , Wang Mo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDBostrycin has many biological functions, such as anticancer activity, and is becoming increasingly popular. Nigrospora sphaerica HCH285, which has the ability to produce high levels of bostrycin, can be used to ferment sun‐dried green tea of Camellia sinensis through acclimation, resulting in the development of a Nigrospora‐fermented tea. The effects of fermentation time on the production of bostrycin by the HCH285 strain were investigated.RESULTSAfter 45 days of fermentation, the bostrycin content reached 3.18 g kg–1, which is the highest level during the whole fermentation. At 50 days, the tea liquor was red, had a strong mushroom odour and a sweet taste, and presented optimal quality. The contents of free amino acids, tea polyphenols and soluble sugars in the fermented tea decreased generally during the fermentation, although the content of water‐soluble substances increased. Additionally, the results of a 14‐day acute oral toxicity test showed that Nigrospora‐fermented tea was nontoxic.CONCLUSIONThe optimum fermentation time of Nigrospora‐fermented tea was concluded to be 45–50 days. These results provide insights with respect to the development of tea biotechnology and new tea products with active ingredients. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Crystallization and strength analysis of amorphous maltose and maltose/whey protein isolate mixtures
Authors: Wu Yaowen , Huang Wanling , Cui Tingting , Fan Fanghui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDMaltose is an essential derivative of starch. To understand the processability and stability of maltose‐containing foods, material characterization of the phase and state transition from its amorphous state is required. Although the crystallization of amorphous maltose is well understood, few studies have reported the relationship between the crystallization and the glass transition temperature (Tg)‐related molecular mobility. In this study, water sorption, crystallization, Tg‐related α‐relaxation, and the corresponding time factor for amorphous maltose and maltose / whey protein isolate (WPI) mixtures are measured at various water activity (aw) levels and 25 °C.RESULTSThe water‐additive principle for maltose / WPI mixtures was observed at aw ≤ 0.440 at the molecular level, whereas the crystallization of amorphous maltose occurred at high aw values (≥0.534). The crystal formation and crystallization kinetics of amorphous maltose were affected by water and WPI at aw ≥ 0.534 and 25 °C, as determined by X‐ray diffraction. The relationship between Tg and the water content was fitted by the Gordon–Taylor model, and its constant showed a compositional dependence for the maltose / WPI mixtures. The α‐relaxation temperature of the amorphous samples decreased due to water plasticization, but increased with an increase in the WPI quantity. The Strength (S) value for amorphous maltose, which was a quantitative estimate of the compositional effects on molecular mobility, was based on the William–Landel–Ferry (WLF) equation.CONCLUSIONThe S concept exhibits considerable potential for application in controlling the crystallization of amorphous maltose and improving the processability and stability of maltose‐containing foods. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Green reversed‐phase HPLC development strategy: Application to artesunate and amodiaquine analysis
Authors: Yabré Moussa , Ferey Ludivine , Somé Touridomon Issa , Mercier Olivier , Gaudin Karen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA green analytical chemistry strategy is described to develop a reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography method for amodiaquine and artesunate analysis using ethanol‐based mobile phases. This method development was particularly challenging due to the basicity of amodiaquine and low UV absorption of artesunate, leading to peak asymmetry and detection issues, respectively. UV detection concern was even more challenging due to the baseline drift observed with ethanol in gradient mode. Several green pH modifiers were selected for their ecofriendly character and their impact on peak shape and detection was investigated. The screening of various stationary phases (19 columns) appeared as a relevant and necessary approach to reach satisfactory peak shape of basic compounds. To support the results of this study, some additional compounds related to artesunate and amodiaquine structures were included. Methods were optimized and validated using total error approach with a mobile phase composed of ethanol and 10 mM formic acid using three different stationary phases from different manufacturers, providing flexibility of the quality control approach. Method greenness was assessed using the National Environmental Methods Index, the Green Analytical Procedure Index, and the Analytical Eco‐Scale. Finally, artesunate and amodiaquine were successfully analyzed in fixed dose combination tablets.
Vascular pedicled flaps for skull base defect reconstruction
Authors: Gutierrez Wade R. , Bennion Douglas M. , Walsh Jarrett E. , Owen Scott R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveTechniques for reconstruction of skull base defects have advanced greatly since the introduction of the vascular pedicled nasoseptal flap in 2006. The objective of this review is to assess the current state of the field by examining both intranasal and extranasal techniques of vascular pedicled skull base defect repair, their indications and success rates, and novel techniques that are currently under investigation.MethodsA review of the literature describing the use of vascular pedicled flaps in skull base defect reconstruction was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar.ResultsThe nasoseptal flap remains the most widely used vascular pedicled flap for endoscopic repair of skull base defects. Its ease of harvest, wide arch of rotation, and high success rates make it a popular choice among surgeons. Several variations including a “rescue” nasopseptal flap have been developed. Other less commonly used pedicled intranasal flaps include the middle turbinate flap and the posterior pedicled inferior turbinate flap. Additionally, several novel vascular pedicled flaps have been developed and tested in small cohorts of patients. Extranasal flaps such as the pericranial flap and the temporoparietal fascia flap are used less frequently than intranasal flaps. However, they remain valuable options for reconstruction in certain situations.ConclusionAdvancements continue to be made in the field of skull base defect reconstruction using vascular pedicled flaps. Though the nasoseptal flap remains the most widely utilized option, additional intranasal techniques continue to be developed and tested to optimize surgical outcomes and patient care.Level of EvidenceNA
Production and characterization of the 13C/15N single‐labeled insecticidal protein Cry1Ab/Ac using recombinant Escherichia coli
Authors: Wang Zibo , Hu Cong , Sun Yu , Jiang Wei , Wu Guogan , Pan Aihu , Li Peng , Tang Xueming 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSynthetic Cry1Ab/Ac proteins expressed by genetically modified (GM) crops have a high potential to control insect pests without utilizing large amounts of chemical insecticides. Before these crops are used in agriculture, the environmental fate and interactions in the soil must be understood. Stable isotope‐labeled Cry1Ab/Ac protein is a highly useful tool for collecting such data. We developed a protocol to produce 13C/15N single‐labeled Cry proteins. The artificially synthesized gene Cry1Ab/Ac of Bt rice Huahui No. 1, which has been certified by the Chinese government to be safe for human consumption, was subcloned into pUC57, and the expression vector pET‐28a‐CryAb/Ac was constructed and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) competent cells. Next, 0.2 mM isopropyl thiogalactoside (IPTG) was added to these cells and cultured at 37°C for 4 h to induce the synthesis and formation of inclusion bodies in M9 growth media containing either [U‐13C] glucose (5% 13C‐enriched) or [15N] ammonium chloride (5% 15N‐enriched). Then, Cry inclusion bodies were dissolved in urea and purified by affinity chromatography under denaturing conditions, renatured by dialysis, and further detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) and Western blotting. The purities of 13C/15N‐labeled Cry proteins reached 99% with amounts of 12.6 mg/L and 8.8 mg/L, respectively. The δ 13C and ä 15N values of 13C‐labeled Cry protein and 15N‐labeled Cry protein were 3,269‰ and 2,854‰, respectively. A bioassay test revealed that the labeled Cry1Ab/Ac proteins had strong insecticidal activity. The stable isotope‐labeled insecticidal Cry proteins produced for the first time in this study will provide an experimental basis for future metabolic studies on Cry proteins in soil and the characteristics of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) transformations. Our findings may also be employed as a reference for elucidating the environmental behavior and ecological effects of BT plants and expressed products.
Insertion of an Alu‐like element in MLH1 intron 7 as a novel cause of Lynch syndrome
Authors: Li Yirong , Salo‐Mullen Erin , Varghese Anna , Trottier Magan , Stadler Zsofia K. , Zhang Liying 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundLynch Syndrome (LS) is caused by germline mutations in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes with mutations in MLH1 accounting for ~40% of LS‐related alterations.MethodsMSK‐IMPACT analysis was performed on peripheral blood from a patient with early‐ onset colorectal cancer. Subsequently PCR and sequencing was performed to characterize the insertion. Immunohistochemistry for MMR genes and MLH1 promoter methylation were analyzed on patient's tumor.ResultsMSK‐IMPACT germline testing revealed an insertion into c.588+8_588+9 of MLH1 intron 7. The insertion was further characterized as an AluSx‐like element with ~115 bp in length. Functional studies demonstrated that the AluSx‐like element led to complete disruption of mRNA splicing and probably resulted in transcriptional termination at the poly (A) region of the AluSx‐like insertion.ConclusionsThe insertion of a truncated AluSx like element into MLH1 intron 7 results in aberrant splicing and transcription, thereby causing Lynch syndrome. This study confirms that retrotransposon insertions may be an important mechanism for cancer predisposition.