bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma EBV miRNA Profiles Reveal Potential Biomarkers for Clinical Prognosis of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome-related Lymphoma
Authors: Chen Ying , Peng Xiaorong , Guo Yongzheng , Huang Ying , Xu Yan , Zhu Biao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome-related lymphoma (ARL) is closely related to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. However, there are few studies on the occurrence and development of EBV miRNAs in ARL patients.Methods The plasma of 5 EBV-infected ARL patients and 8 EBV-infected HIV patients were screened for EBV miRNAs differentially expressed between the two groups through EBV microRNA quantification chip. The plasma of 35 EBV-infected ARL patients and 20 EBV-infected HIV patients was verified by qRT-PCR expanded samples. And we gave a further analysis of the correlation between differentially expressed EBV miRNAs and clinical prognosis indicators in ARL patients.Results 1. There were differential expressions of EBV miRNAs in the plasma of EBV-infected ARL patients and EBV-infected HIV patients. It was found that EBV-miR-BART2-5p,EBV-miR-BART8-3p,EBV-miR-BART15, EBV-miR-BART19-5p expression was significantly up-regulated and EBV-miR-BART9-5p expression was significantly down-regulated; 2. EBV microRNAs with significantly different expressions in the screening results were expanded and verified by qRT-PCR, and the differential expression was found to be consistent with the screening results; 3. The relative expression levels of EBV-miR-BART8-3p in plasma were positive correlated with the International Prognostic Index (IPI) score of Lymphoma(r = 0.37,P = 0.03),EBV-miR-BART19-5p was positive correlated with B symptoms (r = 0.42,P = 0.01) and EBV-miR-BART9-5p, was positive correlated with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores (r = 0.35,P = 0.04).Conclusions The expression of EBV-miR-BART2-5p, EBV-miR-BART8-3p, EBV-miR-BART15,EBV-miR-BART19-5p,EBV-miR-BART9-5p in ARL patients were highly different; and EBV-miR-BART8-3p, EBV-miR-BART19-5p, EBV-miR-BART9-5p could be used as the biomarkers for the prognosis of ARL.
Non-intubated Minimally Invasive Chest Wall Stabilization for Multiple Rib Fractures: a Prospective, Single-arm Study
Authors: Zhao Weigang , Chen Yonglin , He Weiwei , Zhao Yonghong , Yang Yi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has been widely reported in the past decade while non-intubated chest wall stabilization has not been reported previously. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of non-intubated minimally invasive chest wall stabilization in patients with multiple rib fractures.
Methods
We conducted a prospective, single-arm, observational study. In this prospective study, 20 consecutive patients with multiple rib fractures were treated using non-intubated minimally invasive chest wall stabilization.
Results
Minimally invasive chest wall stabilization were mostly performed for lateral rib fractures in this study (n = 8). The mean operation time was 92.5 minutes and mean blood loss was 49 ml. No patient required conversion to tracheal intubation. The mean extubation of laryngeal mask time was 8.9 minutes, mean postoperative fasting time was 6.1 hours, mean postoperative hospital stay was 6.2 days, mean postoperative drainage was 97.5 ml, mean postoperative pain score was 2.9 points at 6 hours, 2.8 points at 12 hours, and 3.0 points at 24 hours, mean postoperative nausea and vomiting score was 1.9 points at 6 hours, 1.8 points at 12 hours, and 1.7 points at 24 hours.
Conclusions
Non-intubated minimally invasive chest wall stabilization is safe and feasible in carefully selected patients. Further study with large sample size is warranted.
Complexity of Brassica Oleracea-Alternaria Brassicicola Susceptible Interaction Reveals Down-regulation of Photosynthesis at Ultrastructural, Transcriptional and Physiological Levels
Authors: Macioszek Violetta Katarzyna , Gapińska Magdalena , Zmienko Agnieszka , Sobczak Mirosław , Skoczowski Andrzej , Oliwa Jakub , Kononowicz Andrzej Kiejstut 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBlack spot disease, caused by Alternaria brassicicola in Brassica species, is one of the most devastating diseases all over the world, especially since there is no known fully resistant Brassica cultivar. In this study, the visualization of black spot disease development on B. oleracea var. capitata f. alba (white cabbage) leaves and subsequent ultrastructural, molecular and physiological investigations were conducted. ResultsFollowing germination on B. oleracea leaves, A. brassicicola invaded the host epidermal cells through appressoria, stomata or directly. The fungal attempts to penetrate epidermal cells usually evoked host cell death, and defense reactions manifested by the bright 'halo' around penetration site and host cell wall fortification were also observed. Inter- and intracellular hyphae growth within leaf tissues led to the loss of host cell integrity and various levels of organelle disintegration. Severe symptoms of chloroplast damage included the degeneration of chloroplast envelope and grana, and the loss of electron denseness by stroma at the advanced stage of infection. Transcriptional profiling of infected leaves revealed that photosynthesis was the most negatively regulated biological process. The down-regulation of 6 photosynthesis-related genes involved in light reactions and the Calvin cycle began as early as 12 hours post-inoculation (hpi) and extended to 44 genes at 48 hpi. Although in infected leaves, chlorophyll and carotenoid content did not decrease until 48 hpi, several chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, such as photosystem II quantum yield (Fv/Fm), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) or plant vitality parameter (Rdf) decreased significantly at 24 and 48 hpi compared to control leaves. ConclusionsOur results indicate that the initial stages of interaction between B. oleracea and A. brassicicola are not uniform within an inoculation site and show a complexity of host responses and fungal attempts to overcome host cell defense mechanisms. The down-regulation of photosynthesis at the early stage of this susceptible interaction suggests that it may be a part of a host defense strategy, or alternatively, that chloroplasts are targets for the unknown virulence factor(s) of A. brassicicola. However, the observed decrease of photosynthetic efficiency at the later stages of infection is a result of the fungus-induced necrotic lesion expansion.
Hyperhomocysteinemia and Dyslipidemia in point mutation G307S of cystathionine β-synthase-deficient rabbit generated using CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Zhang Ting , Lu Rui , Chen Yibing , Yuan Yuguo , Song Shaozheng , Yan Kunning , Zha Yiwen , Zhuang Wenwen , Liang Jingyan , Cheng Yong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Congenital hyper-homocysteinemia (HHcy) is caused by a defective cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) gene, and is frequently associated with dyslipdemia. The aim of this study was to further elucidate the effect of mutated CBS gene on circulating lipids using a rabbit model harboring a homozygous G307S point mutation in CBS.Methods: CRISPR/Cas9 system was used in rabbit embryos to edit their CBS gene. The founder rabbits were sequenced, and their plasma Hcy and lipid profile were analyzed. Results: Six CBS-KO founder lines with biallelic modifications were obtained. Mutation in CBS caused significant growth retardation and high mortality rates within 6 weeks after birth. In addition, the 6-week old CBS-KO rabbits showed higher plasma levels of Hcy, TG, TC and LDL-C compared to the age-matched wild-type (WT) controls. Histological analysis of the mutants showed accumulation of micro-vesicular cytoplasmic lipid droplets in the hepatocytes. However, gastric infusion of vitamin B and betaine complex significantly decreased the plasma levels of TG, TC and LDL-C in the CBS-KO rabbits, as well as hepatic steatosis compared to the untreated animals. Conclusion: We generated CBSG307S rabbit model that exhibited severe dyslipidemia when fed on a normal diet, indicating that G307S mutation in the CBS gene is a causative factor for dyslipidemia.
Prevalence and Correlates of Adherence to The Combined Movement Guidelines Among Czech Children and Adolescents
Authors: Rubín Lukáš , Gába Aleš , Dygrýn Jan , Jakubec Lukáš , Materová Eliška , Vencálek Ondřej 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: There are limited studies on the prevalence of adherence to the combined guidelines for physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and sleep in children and adolescents. Moreover, little is known about correlates of adherence to the guidelines. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to examine the prevalence and identify the correlates of adherence to the combined movement guidelines among children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 355 children and 324 adolescents from the Czech Republic participated in this study. PA and sleep duration were estimated using multi-day 24-hour raw data from wrist-worn accelerometers. Recreational screen time was self-reported. Sixteen potential correlates were grouped into three homogenous categories for biological and cognitive, behavioral, and family correlates. The multi-level multivariable regression was applied to identify correlates of adherence to combined movement guidelines and to specific combinations of any of two recommendations.Results: Approximately 6.5% of children and 2.2% of adolescents met all recommendations of the combined movement guidelines. Paternal overweight and obesity was significantly associated with adherence to the combined movement guidelines in children (OR = 0.3; 95% CI = 0.1–0.7). Additionally, children had higher odds of meeting specific combinations of two recommendations if they reported healthy diet, participated in organized PA, or if their fathers had a university degree. Meanwhile, paternal overweight and obesity, and high sleep efficiency were associated with lower odds of meeting specific combinations of recommendations. In adolescents, healthy diet, organized PA, and active play were associated with higher odds of meeting specific combinations of any two recommendations. Conclusions: A low proportion of children and adolescents met the combined movement guidelines and several correlates related to family were identified. Family is a key source of influence for healthy movement behaviors during childhood and adolescence.
Nanomicelles Potentiate HDAC Inhibitor Efficacy In Vitro.
Authors: Pisano Simone , Wang Xiong , Hu Yanzhen , He Le , Gonzalez Deyarina , Francis Lewis , Conlan Robert Steven , Li Chao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background. Amphiphilic block copolymers used as nanomicelle drug carriers can effectively overcome poor drug solubility and specificity issues. Hence, these platforms have a broad applicability in cancer treatment. In this study, Pluronic F127 was used to fabricate nanomicelles containing the histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA, which has an epigenetic-driven anti-cancer effect in several tumor types. SAHA loaded nanomicelles were prepared using a thin-film drying method and characterized for size, surface charge, drug content and drug release properties. Loaded particles were tested for in vitro activity and their effect on cell-cycle and markers of metastasis. Results. Following detailed particle characterization, cell proliferation experiments demonstrated that SAHA loaded nanomicelles more effectively inhibited the growth of HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines compared with free drug formulations. The 30nm SAHA containing nanoparticles were able to release up to 100% of the encapsulated drug over a 72h time window. Moreover, gene and protein expression analyses suggested that this effect was achieved through the regulation of p21 and p53 expression. SAHA was also shown to upregulate E-cadherin expression, potentially influencing tumor migration and metastasis.Conclusions. This study highlights the opportunity to exploit pluronic-based nanomicelles for the delivery of compounds that regulate epigenetic processes, thus inhibiting cancer development and progression.
Effect of docosahexaenoic acid plus insulin on atherosclerotic human endothelial cells
Authors: Abriz Aysan Eslami , Rahbarghazi Reza , Nourazarian Alireza , Avci Çıgır Biray , Mahboob Soltan Ali , Rahnema Maryam , Heidarzadeh Morteza 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Atherosclerosis is touted as one of the most critical consequences of diabetes mellitus indicated by local inflammation of endothelial cells. The Effect of Omega 3 fatty acids, mainly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), has been investigated in cells after exposure to high doses of lipids. The current experiment aimed to address the modulatory effects of docosahexaenoic acid and insulin in palmitic-treated human endothelial cells. Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were treated with 1mM palmitic acid, 50μM insulin, 50μM docosahexaenoic acid, and their combination for 48 hours. Cell survival rate and apoptosis were measured using MTT and flow cytometry assays. The Griess assay detected NO levels. Protein levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κB were studied using ELISA and immunofluorescence imaging. The expression of genes participating in atherosclerosis was monitored using PCR array analysis. Results: Oil Red O staining showed the inhibitory effect of DHA and insulin to reduce the intracellular accumulation of palmitic acid. Both DHA and Insulin increased the reduced cell survival rate of cells after exposure to palmitic acid (p<0.05). The percent of apoptotic cells was decreased in palmitic-treated cells received insulin and DHA compared to palmitic-treated group (p<0.05). Based on our data, DHA and Insulin diminished the production of all inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κB, in palmitic-treated cells (p<0.05). Similar to these data, NO production was also decreased in all groups treated with insulin and DHA compared to the palmitic-treated cells (p<0.05). PCR array analysis revealed the modulatory Effect of DHA and insulin on the expression of atherosclerosis-related genes pre-treated with palmitic acid compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: DHA and Insulin could alter the dynamic growth and dysfunctional activity of human endothelial cells after treatment with palmitic acid. Taken together, Omega 3 fatty acids, along with insulin, could dictate specific cell behavior in endothelial cells in vitro.
Efficacy and safety of treating symptomatic, primary focal osteochondral lesions of the patella with a combination of intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid (HAi) and radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) or HAi alone: A retrospective two-cohort study
Authors: Cao Jin , Huang Heqin , Zhang Changgui , Yang Liu , Schmitz Christoph , Duan Xiaojun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: This study tested the hypothesis that a combination of intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid (HAi) and radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (rESWT) is more effective than HAi alone in the treatment of symptomatic, primary focal osteochondral lesions of the patella (sPFOLP).Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of n=81 subjects with unilateral sPFOLP who were treated with respectively HAi+rESWT (n=36) or HAi alone (n=45) at the outpatient department of our hospital between January 1st, 2014 and January 31th, 2018. Subjects in both cohorts also received education with special attention to reduction of going up and down the stairs, squatting and specific activities, as well as non-opioid analgesics if necessary. Efficacy was assessed using the pain visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score, which were examined at baseline (BL) and six weeks (W6), three months (M3) and six months (M6) after BL, as well as during a last follow-up examination (LE) which was performed at 37.6 ± 1.7 (mean ± standard error of the mean) months after BL (range, 12-59 months). In addition, measurements of the area of the patellar bone marrow edema (PBME) on sagittal, fat suppression sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the knee were performed at BL, M3, M6 and LE. Results: Subjects who were treated with HAi+rESWT showed significantly smaller mean VAS pain scores at W6, M3 and M6, significantly smaller mean WOMAC scores at W6, M3 and LE and significantly smaller mean PBME areas at M3, M6 and LE than subjects who were treated with HAi alone. No severe adverse events were observed.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that HAi+rESWT is safe and more effective than HAi alone in the treatment of sPFOLP. This result should be verified in adequate randomized controlled trials. Level of Evidence: Level III; retrospective two-cohort study.
Prevalence and Force of Plasmodium Vivax and Plasmodium Falciparum Blood Stage Infection and Associated Clinical Malaria Burden in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Monteiro Wuelton , Karl Stephan , Kuehn Andrea Kuehn , Almeida Anne , White Michael , Vitor-Silva Sheila Vitor-Silva , Melo Gisely , Baia Djane , Brito-Sousa Jose Diego , Bassat Quique , Felger Ingrid , Mueller Ivo , Lacerda Marcus 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Plasmodium vivax and Plamodium falciparum are co-endemic in much of the Brazilian Amazon, with P. vivax comprising greater than 80% of clinical cases, especially in low transmission settings. The molecular force of blood-stage infection of P. vivax (molFOB) can provide a detailed picture of P. vivax transmission in low transmission settings and help improve malaria measures control and elimination efforts. Methodology: Monthly samples were collected in a cohort of 1,274 individuals of all ages between April 2013 and March 2014 in three peri-urban communities in the Brazilian Amazon. Regression analyses were used to test how factors including age and community were associated with P. vivax molFOB, parasite positivity and clinical episodes. Principal Findings: Respectively, 77.8% and 97.2% of the population remained free of P. vivax and P. falciparum infection. Expected heterozygosity for P. vivax was 0.69 for MSP1_F3 and 0.86 for MS2. Multiplicity of infection in P. vivax was close to the value of 1 as determined with both markers (1.06 for MSP1_F3 and 1.04 for MS2). Season was associated with P. vivax positivity [adjusted hazard ration (aHR) 2.6 (1.9-5.7)] and clinical disease [aHR 10.6 (2.4-47.2)]. P. falciparum infection was associated with previous malarial episodes [HR 9.7 (4.5-20.9)]. Subjects who reported bednet possession [incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.6 (1.2-2.2)] or previous malaria episodes [IRR 3.0 (2.0-4.5)] were found to have significantly higher P. vivax molFOB.Conclusions: Overall, P. vivax infection prevailed in the area and infections were mostly observed as monoclonal. High proportions of symptomatic and submicroscopic infections were found. Previous malaria episodes were associated with significantly higher P. vivax molFOB, likely indicating that effective radical cure is an important strategy to be addressed in these endemic communities.
Activity of Some Plant and Fungal Metabolites Towards Aedes Albopictus (Diptera, Culicidae)
Authors: Ganassi Sonia , Masi Marco , Grazioso Pasqualina , Evidente Antonio , De Cristofaro Antonio 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background: Aedes albopictus (Skuse), a globally spread species, vector of important human arboviruses, and of Zika virus, is extremely difficult to control even for the onset of resistances to chemicals insecticides. Ecofriendly biopesticides for vector control are urgently needed. In this study, the activity of some plant metabolites as Amaryllidaceae alkaloids and some their semisynthetic derivatives and 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinones, and two analogues, and of the fungal metabolites cyclopaldic acid and epi-epoformin on the development and survival of Ae. albopictus larvae was evaluated. Methods: A preliminary screening, on first-instar larvae, with lycorine semisynthetic derivatives and cyclopaldic acid at 100 ppm was conducted. The living larvae were recorded 24 and 48 h post treatment. Based on the results, first-instar larvae were exposed to increasing doses of the compounds tested until adult emergence. The mean larval and pupal duration was calculated. Third instar larvae were exposed to increasing doses of naphthoquinones for 72 h. The mortality rates were recorded every 24. The larvicide Device® SC-15 was used as control.Results: First instar larval exposure to cyclopaldic acid at 50 and 100 ppm for 48 h, resulted in mortality mean percentage of 82.444 and 96.889% respectively; LC50 and LC90 were 40.119 and 105.092 ppm. 1,2-O,O-diacetyllycorine at 50 ppm, 48h post-treatment caused 84.667% mean percentage mortality with LC50 27.769 and LC90 88.316 ppm. Significant differences in the larval and pupal duration were proved when larvae were exposed to cyclopaldic acid (H=16.386; df 4; P=0.003; H=31.835; df 4; P=0.000), 1,2-O,O-diacetyllycorine (H=9.044; df 3; P=0.029; H=18.115; df 3; P=0.000) and N-methyllycorine iodide (H=19.457; df 4; P=0.001; H=15.400; df 4; P=0.004).Statistical analyses revealed that the number of third-instar larvae surviving to naphthoquinones significantly decreases over the time when exposed to 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone 12.5, 25, 50 ppm; 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 12.5, 25 ppm, 2-metoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 50 ppm. The mean number of surviving larvae exposed to: 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone 12.5, 25, 50, 100 ppm, 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 25, 50, 100 ppm, 2-metoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 50, 100 ppm was significantly lower than the number of correspondent control larvae, respectively.Conclusions: This study indicated that 1,2-O,O’-diacetyllycorine, N-methyllycorine iodide, cyclopaldic acid and 1,4-naphtoquinone structural derivatives have good potential to develop bioinsecticides for mosquito control programs.
Prevalence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in treated wastewater: a comparison with nosocomial infection surveillance
Authors: Urase Taro , Okazaki Mitsuhiro , Tsutsui Hirofumi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The increasing prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) is a worldwide health threat. Monitoring of these resistant bacteria in the environment can provide regional prevalence reflecting both healthy and infected populations, although the quantitative monitoring of those resistant bacteria, especially CRE, is difficult due to their low proportion in the total Enterobacteriaceae population and the possible interference by autochthonous species with intrinsic resistance. In this study, these resistant bacteria in treated wastewater were quantified at 12 different treatment plants. The proportions of cefotaxime-resistant and ESBL-producing E. coli in the total E. coli population in the chlorinated effluents in Tokyo were 5.7 and 5.3%, respectively. The estimated proportion of CRE was 0.007% with the constituting species of Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp., although the conditions during the first incubation may have affected the estimation even after the correction by the proportion of resistant population in the isolates. The observed resistant proportions in this study were lower than those in the surveillance on nosocomial infection not only for inpatients but also for outpatients, and higher than those in the veterinary monitoring.