bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photospheric variability of the late B supergiant HD 199478
Authors: Ismailov N Z , Ismayilova Sh K 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
We present the results of spectral studies of the photospheric lines of the late B supergiant HD 199478 (B8 Iae) in the visual range. The radial velocities of photospheric lines, as well as the emission component of the Hα line, demonstrate synchronous variations. The variations in the equivalent widths of the photospheric lines and the emission component of the Нα line tend to be anticorrelated. The parameters of the spectral lines vary quasi-periodically and are characterized by extrema. The time-scales between the nearby extrema are about 25 d, and the full cycle of the quasi-period is about 45 ± 10 d. The D Na i line profiles often exhibit signs of accretion of matter on to the star. It is shown that the observed photometric variability of the star can also be explained by radial pulsations.
SN 2019muj – a well-observed Type Iax supernova that bridges the luminosity gap of the class
Authors: Barna Barnabás , Szalai Tamás , Jha Saurabh W , Camacho-Neves Yssavo , Kwok Lindsey , Foley Ryan J , Kilpatrick Charles D , Coulter David A , Dimitriadis Georgios , Rest Armin , Rojas-Bravo César , Siebert Matthew R , Brown Peter J , Burke Jamison , Padilla Gonzalez Estefania , Hiramatsu Daichi , Howell D Andrew , McCully Curtis , Pellegrino Craig , Dobson Matthew , Smartt Stephen J , Swift Jonathan J , Stacey Holland , Rahman Mohammed , Sand David J , Andrews Jennifer , Wyatt Samuel , Hsiao Eric Y , Anderson Joseph P , Chen Ting-Wan , Della Valle Massimo , Galbany Lluís , Gromadzki Mariusz , Inserra Cosimo , Lyman Joe , Magee Mark , Maguire Kate , Müller-Bravo Tomás E , Nicholl Matt , Srivastav Shubham , Williams Steven C 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
We present early-time (t &lt; +50 d) observations of SN 2019muj (=ASASSN-19tr), one of the best-observed members of the peculiar SN Iax class. Ultraviolet and optical photometric and optical and near-infrared spectroscopic follow-up started from ∼5 d before maximum light [tmax(B) on $58707.8$ MJD] and covers the photospheric phase. The early observations allow us to estimate the physical properties of the ejecta and characterize the possible divergence from a uniform chemical abundance structure. The estimated bolometric light-curve peaks at 1.05 × 1042 erg s−1 and indicates that only 0.031 M⊙ of 56Ni was produced, making SN 2019muj a moderate luminosity object in the Iax class with peak absolute magnitude of $M_\rm {V} = -16.4$ mag. The estimated date of explosion is t0 = $58698.2$ MJD and implies a short rise time of trise = 9.6 d in B band. We fit of the spectroscopic data by synthetic spectra, calculated via the radiative transfer code tardis. Adopting the partially stratified abundance template based on brighter SNe Iax provides a good match with SN 2019muj. However, without earlier spectra, the need for stratification cannot be stated in most of the elements, except carbon, which is allowed to appear in the outer layers only. SN 2019muj provides a unique opportunity to link extremely low-luminosity SNe Iax to well-studied, brighter SNe Iax.
Long-term X-ray variability of the symbiotic system RT Cru based on Chandra spectroscopy
Authors: Danehkar A , Karovska M , Drake J J , Kashyap V L 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
RT Cru belongs to the rare class of hard X-ray emitting symbiotics, whose origin is not yet fully understood. In this work, we have conducted a detailed spectroscopic analysis of X-ray emission from RT Cru based on observations taken by the Chandra Observatory using the Low Energy Transmission Grating (LETG) on the High-Resolution Camera Spectrometer (HRC-S) in 2015 and the High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG) on the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer S-array (ACIS-S) in 2005. Our thermal plasma modelling of the time-averaged HRC-S/LETG spectrum suggests a mean temperature of kT ∼ 1.3 keV, whereas kT ∼ 9.6 keV according to the time-averaged ACIS-S/HETG. The soft thermal plasma emission component (∼1.3 keV) found in the HRC-S is heavily obscured by dense materials (&gt;5 × 1023 cm−2). The aperiodic variability seen in its light curves could be due to changes in either absorbing material covering the hard X-ray source or intrinsic emission mechanism in the inner layers of the accretion disc. To understand the variability, we extracted the spectra in the ‘low/hard’ and ‘high/soft’ spectral states, which indicated higher plasma temperatures in the low/hard states of both the ACIS-S and HRC-S. The source also has a fluorescent iron emission line at 6.4 keV, likely emitted from reflection off an accretion disc or dense absorber, which was twice as bright in the HRC-S epoch compared to the ACIS-S. The soft thermal component identified in the HRC-S might be an indication of a jet that deserves further evaluations using high-resolution imaging observations.
4-Hydroxyestradiol improves mouse embryo quality, epidermal growth factor-binding capabilityin vitroand implantation rates
Authors: Hernández Nuria , López-Morató Marta , Perianes Mario J , Sánchez-Mateos Soledad , Casas-Rua Vanessa , Domínguez-Arroyo José Antonio , Sánchez-Margallo Francisco M , Álvarez Ignacio S 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEmbryo implantation in the uterus is a critical step to achieve success following ART. Despite favorable uterine conditions, a great number of good quality embryos fail to implant, often for reasons that are unknown. Hence, improving the implantation potential of embryos is a subject of great interest. 4-Hydroxyestradiol (4-OH-E2), a metabolic product of estradiol produced by endometrial cells, plays a key role in endometrial–embryonic interactions that are necessary for implantation. Nonetheless, the effects of 4-OH-E2 on embryos obtained in vitro have not been yet described. This study was designed to determine whether culture media enriched in 4-OH-E2 could improve the quality and implantation rate of embryos obtained in vitro, using both in vitro and in vivo models. We also analyzed its effects on the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-binding capability of the embryos. Our results showed that the presence of 4-OH-E2 in the culture media of embryos during the morula to blastocyst transition increases embryo quality and attachment to endometrial cells in vitro. 4-OH-E2 can also improve viable pregnancy rates of mouse embryos produced in vitro, reaching success rates that are similar to those from embryos obtained directly from the uterus. 4-OH-E2 improved the embryos’ ability to bind EGF, which could be responsible for the increased embryo implantation potential observed. Therefore, our results strongly suggest that 4-OH-E2 is a strong candidate molecule to supplement human IVF culture media in order to improve embryo implantation. However, further research is required before these findings can be translated with efficacy and safety to fertility clinics.
Frailty and the risk of kidney function decline in the elderly population: the Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study
Authors: Wang Mengjing , Sun Xuehui , Zhang Weichen , Zhang Qian , Qian Jing , Chen Weisheng , Yao Shun , Jin Li , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar , Wang Xiaofeng , Chen Jing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
The diverse risk factors for kidney impairments suggest that kidney function decline is more likely to occur in individuals with a broadly constituted health deficit. Here we conducted a longitudinal cohort study to evaluate the association of baseline frailty status with the risk of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline.

Methods
Overall, 1269 participants aged 70–84 years from Rugao Longevity and Ageing cohort with 3-year follow-up were included. Frailty was measured using a modified Fried frailty assessment. GFR was estimated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. Associations between baseline frailty status and rapid eGFR decline were examined by multinomial logistic analysis. A linear mixed-effect model was used to determine eGFR decline in mL/min/1.73 m2 over the study period comparing those with frail or prefrail at baseline versus those with robust status.

Results
The mean (± standard deviation) age of participants was 75.1 ± 3.8 years. A total of 144 (11%) participants had rapid eGFR decline by at least 10% during the 3-year follow-up. Compared with robust status, baseline frail status was associated with a 2.48-fold [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24–4.95] increased risk of rapid eGFR decline after multiple adjustments. In multivariate linear mixed model analysis, subjects with frail status but not prefrail status at baseline had a significant coefficient of −1.70 (95% CI −3.35 to −0.04) for the frail × visit term, which indicates an accelerated eGFR decline compared with robust subjects over the study period (P = 0.044).

Conclusions
Frailty may serve as an independent biomarker to predict the decline of kidney function.
The Distribution of Wealth in Alexander Pope’s Epistle to Bathurst
Authors: Ferraro Julian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article examines Pope’s treatment of financial inequality in the Epistle to Bathurst through a reading of the process of composition and revision recoverable from the manuscripts and editions published in Pope’s lifetime. In the 60 years since the publication of Earl Wasserman’s reading of the poem and edition of the Huntington Library manuscripts, the Epistle to Bathurst has been one of the poems by Pope that has been regularly revisited by critics. Perhaps for this reason there has been a striking lack of consensus about the way the poem treats its announced theme—the use of riches. This lack of consensus in its reception is complemented by the poem’s complex textual history. Close attention to the process of composition and revision reveals the difficulties Pope faced in incorporating his address to Lord Bathurst, with its tautologous image of ‘oeconomy’ joined with ‘magnificence’, within a poem that abounds in grotesque examples of noble misers and spendthrifts and of the corruption of financial skulduggery and luxurious consumption. By this means, the Epistle can be shown to be not so much a ‘manual of capitalist piety’ as a critique of specious justifications of extreme financial inequality.
The Sururgia of Nicholas Neesbett: Writing Medical Authority in Later Medieval England
Authors: Reynolds Melissa 
Published: November 2020

Summary
The surgical recipe book of Nicholas Neesbett, a fifteenth-century practitioner in northern Yorkshire, is a unique artefact in the history of medieval English medicine. Though Neesbett had little Latin and no formal training, his vernacular surgical manual bridges two distinct forms of expertise often at odds in medieval medicine, merging the traditions of the learned Latin surgery with the hands-on experiential knowledge of the empiric. This article publishes Neesbett’s manuscript, a portion of MS Oxford, Bodleian Library, Ashmole 1438, contributing to a growing number of studies that focus on medical manuscripts as instruments of practice. The Section ‘The Surgical Manual in Medieval Medicine’ situates Neesbett’s ‘Sururgia’ within the context of learned and vernacular medical manuscripts in later medieval England. The Section ‘A Medical Man Makes His Mark’ reveals both Neesbett’s textual influences and the everyday practices of exchange, manufacture and collection that generated medical knowledge among rural practitioners. The Appendix contains a full diplomatic transcription of the previously unpublished manuscript.
A Codon Model for Associating Phenotypic Traits with Altered Selective Patterns of Sequence Evolution
Authors: Halabi Keren , Karin Eli Levy , Guéguen Laurent , Mayrose Itay 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDetecting the signature of selection in coding sequences and associating it with shifts in phenotypic states can unveil genes underlying complex traits. Of the various signatures of selection exhibited at the molecular level, changes in the pattern of selection at protein-coding genes have been of main interest. To this end, phylogenetic branch-site codon models are routinely applied to detect changes in selective patterns along specific branches of the phylogeny. Many of these methods rely on a prespecified partition of the phylogeny to branch categories, thus treating the course of trait evolution as fully resolved and assuming that phenotypic transitions have occurred only at speciation events. Here, we present TraitRELAX, a new phylogenetic model that alleviates these strong assumptions by explicitly accounting for the uncertainty in the evolution of both trait and coding sequences. This joint statistical framework enables the detection of changes in selection intensity upon repeated trait transitions. We evaluated the performance of TraitRELAX using simulations and then applied it to two case studies. Using TraitRELAX, we found an intensification of selection in the primate SEMG2 gene in polygynandrous species compared to species of other mating forms, as well as changes in the intensity of purifying selection operating on sixteen bacterial genes upon transitioning from a free-living to an endosymbiotic lifestyle.[Evolutionary selection; intensification; $\gamma $-proteobacteria; genotype–phenotype; relaxation; SEMG2.]
Sudden Death Due to Severe Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
Authors: Wang Ning , Chen Ziyuan , Guo Xiangshen , Cheng Hao , Wang Pengfei , Wang Tianqi , Wang Linlin , Tash Dilichati , Ren Peng , Zhu Baoli , Guan Dawei , Zhang Guohua , Zhao Rui 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a rare iatrogenic disorder associated with controlled ovarian stimulation during assisted reproductive technology. Severe OHSS may impose serious complications, including pleural effusion, acute renal insufficiency, venous thrombosis, and even death, although lethal outcomes are rare in forensic practice. The reported incidence of severe OHSS ranges from 0.008% to 10%. Herein, we present the case of a 29-year-old woman who diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome and infertility chose to undergo assisted reproduction. She received leuprorelin acetate and follicle stimulating hormone prior to egg retrieval. Three days after the retrieval procedure, she developed abdominal pain and distension. Later that same day, she died unexpectedly. The subsequent autopsy revealed turbid effusions of pleural and peritoneal cavities, abnormal ovarian enlargement, and duskiness of multiple organ surfaces. Microscopic examination disclosed edema and hemorrhage in follicles of both ovaries, thrombosis within the myocardial matrix, and massive pulmonary edema. Routine toxicology screening was negative. The death was attributed to severe OHSS. This case provides a morphologic reference for clinical and forensic work. Autopsy findings in instances of severe OHSS provide valuable insight into the mechanisms and pathogenesis of this disease.
Cocaine Consumption and Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–associated Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Vermeulen Louise , Dirix Marie , Dendooven Amélie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Cocaine is often sold in a mixture with levamisole to increase the profit margin and potentiate the euphoric effect. Apart from an overdose, cocaine can induce a wide range of clinical symptoms. We present a case of cocaine/levamisole-induced pauci-immune glomerulonephritis. A 22-year-old patient was sent to the hospital after a laboratory result showed an unexpected acute kidney injury, with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 34 mL/min/1.73 m2. The medical history included cocaine abuse. Renal biopsy showed a pauci-immune necrotizing glomerulonephritis. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies were positive with a perinuclear staining pattern and target specificity for leucocyte myeloperoxidase (antimyeloperoxidase). Despite treatment, the kidney function did not show significant improvement. The forensic implication of this case is that even if the toxicological values are not high enough to suggest a lethal intoxication, an idiosyncratic reaction on cocaine and/or levamisole has to be taken into account.
The Risk of Uterine Malignancy in a Population Being Evaluated for Uterine Fibroid Embolization
Authors: Coffin Philip H. , Ascher Susan , Spies James 
Published: November 2020

Objective
The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of uterine malignancy in patients evaluated for uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) and the role of magnetic resonance imaging in triage.

Methods
Records and imaging studies of 864 UFE consult patients were reviewed for MRI findings suggestive of fibroid malignancy. Pathology was obtained for cases with suspicious baseline MRI's, and the most atypical mass was reanalyzed by an experienced radiologist, blinded to the pathological findings.

Results
Twenty one of 864 patients had baseline MRI findings concerning for malignancy at consultation and 17 had complete records. Re-evaluation suggested that 5 were malignant. Three were confirmed malignant (0.35%). One malignancy among the 843 without suspicious baseline MRI findings was missed at consultation.

Conclusions
In our UFE population, uterine malignancy is rare (4/864, 0.46%), and MRI detected the majority, 3 (75%) of 4 before UFE. The observed prevalence of any malignancy was 0.35%, congruent with current Federal Drug Administration estimates.
Cross-Sectional Imaging Evaluation of Vascular Lesions in the Gastrointestinal Tract and Mesentery
Authors: Zheng Yanqiu , Shabana Amr , Elsayes Khaled M. , Hamid Aws , Abdelaziz Amr , Menias Christine O. , Shaaban Akram M. , Liu Peter , Gaballah Ayman H. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) tract and mesenteric vascular lesions can have various clinical presentations, of which GI bleeding is the most common. This collection of pathology is highly variable in etiology ranging from occlusive disease to vascular malformations to trauma to neoplasms which makes for a challenging workup and diagnosis. The advent of multiple imaging modalities and endoscopic techniques makes the diagnosis of these lesions more achievable, and familiarity with their various imaging findings can have a significant impact on patient management. In this article, we review the gamut of GI tract and mesenteric vascular lesions and their associated imaging findings.
Incidence of and Risk Factors for Medical Adhesive–Related Skin Injuries Among Patients
Authors: Gao Chunhua , Yu Chao , Lin Xiuxi , Wang Hui , Sheng Yunyun 
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE:
We explored the incidence of medical adhesive–related skin injuries (MARSIs) that developed in an intensive care unit (ICU) and identified the relevant risk factors associated with these skin injuries.

DESIGN:
Cross-sectional.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING:
A 29-bed adult general ICU of a tertiary teaching hospital affiliated with Zhejiang University in southeast China.

METHODS:
Data regarding MARSIs, skin assessments, and related nursing procedures were collected between January 2018 and May 2018. The incidence of MARSIs was calculated, and the associated risk factors were analyzed using a logistic regression model.

RESULTS:
During the study period, 430 patients were evaluated, of which 55 experienced MARSIs (4 prior to hospitalization in our ICU). The overall MARSI incidence rate was 11.86% (51/430); mechanical damage including epidermal stripping (72.7%; 40/55) and skin tears (14.5%; 8/55) was the most common MARSI. Moderate-to-severe edema, hyperthermia, and the use of certain medicines such as immunosuppressants and anticoagulants were independent risk factors for MARSIs.

CONCLUSIONS:
Critically ill patients are at a high risk of MARSIs in China. Preventive measures and good clinical nursing practice are needed to ensure patient safety.
The Fractional Epidemics Theory: Managing and Ending an Epidemic
Authors: Duclos T. , Reichert T. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSusceptible–infectious–recovered (SIR) models are widely used for estimating the dynamics of epidemics and project that social distancing “flattens the curve”, i.e., reduces but delays the peak in daily infections, causing a longer epidemic. Based on these projections, individuals and governments have advocated lifting containment measures such as social distancing to shift the peak forward and limit societal and economic disruption. Paradoxically, the COVID-19 pandemic data exhibits phenomenology opposite to the SIR models’ projections. Here, we present a new model that replicates the observed phenomenology and quantitates pandemic dynamics with simple and actionable analytical tools for policy makers. Specifically, it offers a prescription of achievable and economically palatable measures for ending an epidemic.One Sentence SummaryThe SIR epidemic models are wrong; a new model offers achievable and economically viable measures for ending an epidemic.
A gender comparison of the psychological distress of medical students in Nigeria during the Coronavirus pandemic: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Idowu Oluwaseun Mercy , Adaramola OyinOluwa Gloria , Aderounmu Boluwatife Samson , Olugbamigbe Ifeoluwa Delight , Dada Olaoluwa Ezekiel , Osifeso Adeyinka Christopher , Ogunnubi Oluseun Peter , Odukoya Oluwakemi Ololade 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic as a large scale stressor could have negative distress on the mental health on medical students. Since gender differences in mental health may exist between males and females, it would prove interesting to see if a large scale stressor such as the pandemic will cause variances in the psychological distress between both genders.This study assessed and compared the psychological distress of COVID-19 among male and female medical students in medical schools in South-Western NigeriaMaterials and methodsA cross-sectional online survey using was carried out among 1010 medical students from three largest universities in south western Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic. The respondents were purposively selected, data was obtained on participants demographic and psychological distress was assessed using the General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12). Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 21 statistical software, chi square was used to assess gender differences, multivariate regression analysis assessed the predictors of psychological distress among both gendersand p values less than 0.05 were considered significant.ResultsFemale medical students are at a higher risk of psychological distress compared to their male counterparts (p<0.005). Females were almost twice at risk of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic than males (OR=1.534, 95% p=0.003). Females with a positive history of mental illness were five times more at risk of psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to females with no previous mental health history (OR=5.102, p=0.002)ConclusionFemales were at higher risk of psychological distress compared to male students. Gender specific interventions addressing psychological distress among medical students are recommended.