bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Truth, Gender, and Black Sheep: Students on Steinbeck
Authors: Shillinglaw Susan , Hahs Ana , De Groot Megan , LaFrank Gabrielle 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In her English 167 Steinbeck class, Susan Shillinglaw assigned a Steinbeck notebook, where students wrote fifteen or so short essays and reflective pieces: on Steinbeck biographies, on criticism, on letters, on films, on the Long Valley Ledger. First presented at an international Steinbeck conference, three of these reflective pieces are included here.
Relación entre el “Recuerdo celeste” de Pitágoras y “La prisión corporal” de Rubén Darío en cantos de vida y esperanza
Authors: González Sequeira Dallana 
Published: December 2019

Referirse a la influencia o concepción filosófica, religiosa o esotérica en Rubén Darío, es profundizar en un amplio canon, ya que, tal cual lo ha expresado frecuentemente la crítica literaria, posee un sincretismo ideológico que muta a lo largo de su obra y que algunos sectores lo interpretan como contradicciones y otros como eclecticismo. Darío no fue influenciado por una corriente en su totalidad, ya que retoma de diversas ramas puntos particulares, algunas veces de forma precisa, otras contrarias o simplemente las elimina y evade. Sin embargo, este trabajo se centra en un punto que se hace constante en la obra y por ende se puede generalizar y afirmar que existe una relación entre el recuerdo celeste profesado por la escuela pitagórica y la obra Dariana, especialmente en Cantos de Vida y Esperanza.
Total Joint Arthroplasty Is Associated With a Decreased Risk of Traumatic Falls: An Analysis of 499,094 Cases
Authors: Driesman Adam , Paoli Albit R. , Wiznia Daniel H. , Oh Cheongeun , Mahure Siddharth A. , Long William J. , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: December 2019

Introduction:
The rate of traumatic falls in the aging cohort is estimated to increase across the United States. We sought to determine whether patients with lower extremity osteoarthritis (OA) who underwent total joint arthroplasty (TJA) had a reduced risk of falling compared with those with OA who did not undergo TJA.

Methods:
The New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database was queried from 2000 to 2015 to identify 499,094 cases with primary diagnosis of hip or knee OA. Patients were stratified into 4 cohorts: group 1 (hip OA with total hip arthroplasty [THA] [N = 168,234]), group 2 (hip OA without THA [N = 22,482]), group 3 (knee OA with total knee arthroplasty [TKA] [N = 275,651]), and group 4 (knee OA without TKA [N = 32,826]). Patients were followed up longitudinally to evaluate the long-term risks of subsequent traumatic falls. Cox proportional hazards models were conducted to examine the relationship between patients' demographics and clinical characteristics and the risk of subsequent traumatic falls and reported as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).

Results:
Nineteen thousand seven hundred seventeen patients with hip OA underwent 168,234 primary THAs (88.2%), and 308,477 patients with knee OA underwent 275,651 primary TKAs (89.4%) during the period 2000 to 2015. Compared with patients without TJA, those who underwent TJA were at a decreased risk of falls (THA HR 0.56 [95% CI, 0.48 to 0.66]) and TKA HR 0.66 [95% CI, 0.57 to 0.76]). Compared with age 40 to 49 years, risk increases for ages 70 to 79 years (HR = 4.3, 95% CI: 2.8 to 6.6) and 80 years or older (HR = 5.5, 95% CI: 3.8 to 8.1).

Conclusion:
TJA is associated with a decreased risk of long-term traumatic falls in elderly patients with the primary diagnosis of hip or knee osteoarthritis.

Level of Evidence:
Level III Retrospective Case-control study
Motív transformácie ľudskej figúry v arcinaratívoch ako rezíduum rituálov prechodu
Authors: Danišová Nikola 
Published: December 2019

V predloženom príspevku sa na transkultúrnej a transžánrovej vzorke starobylých textov(mýty, čarovné klasické rozprávky, eposy a pod.) pokúsime preskúmať rozprávkovo-mytologický motív transformácie fiktívneho hrdinu v súvislosti s mytologicko-náboženskýmmyslením človeka. Prednostne sa pritom sústredíme na analogický vzťah transformácie ainiciačného (Propp, Eliade, Campbell) rituálu, resp. procesu individualizácie (Jung,Bettelheim, von France).
Ampliação da área ocorrência de Drosophila suzukii (Diptera, Drosophilidae) em Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Zazycki Luiza Cristiane Fialho , Vargas Julia Patricia , Bonfim Vanessa Santana , Garcia Flávio Roberto Mello 
Published: December 2019

A drosófila-de-asa-manchada possui elevada importância econômica por danificar frutos de epicarpo delgado os quais possuem elevado valor comercial agregado, principalmente para o consumo in natura. Os relatos da praga mostram que ela está distribuída em diferentes locais estados do Brasil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Distrito Federal e Minas Gerais). Nosso estudo teve como objetivo ampliar a área de ocorrência da espécie na região Serrana de Santa Catarina. Para o monitoramento de sua ocorrência foram utilizadas armadilhas tipo PET, iscadas com vinagre de maçã em um cultivo orgânico de morango conduzido em sistema semi-hidropônico no município de Frei Rogério. As armadilhas monitoraram 8.600 plantas durante dez dias e o material coletado foi avaliado em microscópio estereoscópico. Foram coletados diversos insetos de Drosophilidae e destes, noventa e oito fêmeas e quatro machos de Drosophila suzukii revelando assim a presença da praga na região Serrana de Santa Catarina.
Effect of thermal stress on point defect behavior during single crystal Si growth
Authors: Suewaka Ryota , Nakamura Kozo 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Silicon devices currently require silicon wafers that are free of grown-in defects. Point-defect simulation for silicon crystal growth, which is performed using the advection-diffusion equation considering the pair annihilation of vacancies and self-interstitials, is improved in this study by considering the effect of thermal stress during the growth process. This effect is introduced into the point-defect simulation as the stress term of the formation enthalpy. The stress coefficients in the stress term are determined by analyzing the correlation between the grown-in defect patterns obtained from the actual pulling tests and simulations. The defect patterns obtained from the simulations performed using the improved point-defect simulation method in this study were congruent with the experimental results, particularly for crystals with large diameters and high stress. The improved simulation method proposed in this study shall be useful for designing new hot-zone conditions and enhancing the understanding of point-defect behavior.
Evaluating the Effect of Iron (II) Chloride Induced Oxidative Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells and Its Role in Upregulation of α-Synuclein Expression
Authors: Abba Dige Mohammed , Paul Okoi Emmanuel 
Published: December 2019

The α-synuclein (SNCA) gene is a pathogenic gene identified in rare familial Parkinson Disease (PD). Recent studies highlight the role of DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of familial and sporadic PD. Hypomethylation in SNCA gene has been associated with increased SNCA gene expression and was observed in post mortem brains of patients with sporadic PD. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of iron (II) chloride on SH-SY5Y cell models as pertain to cell death caused by oxidative stress, upregulation of SNCA gene expression and reduced SNCA gene methylation. Result obtained from LDH assay showed significant (p < 0.05) evidence of cell death in treated cells as compared to the control sample. Analysis for SNCA gene quantification using RT-PCR showed significant increases in fold change. Cells treated with 1000µM of FeCl₂ showed the highest fold change of 6.0 while cells treated with 250µM had the lowest fold change of 1.8. In DNA methylation assay using pyrosequencing, cells treated with varying concentrations of FeCl₂ showed significant (p < 0.05) decrease in DNA methylation. At 250µM, 500µM and 750µM concentrations of FeCl₂, an average mean methylation levels of 1.84%, 1.40% and 1.23% was obtained respectively while cells treated with 1000 µM had the lowest average mean methylation level of 1.0%. Thus, the decrease in methylation is linked to the upregulation of the SNCA gene which has been reported to be among the causative factors in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease.
Performance of primary diagnostic monitors (PDMs) over time
Authors: Ruuge Andres E. , Gao Yiming , Erdi Yusuf E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this work, we evaluated the change of primary monitor characteristics in two consecutive years. Sixty‐six primary monitors were included in the analysis. The monitors were located at radiology physicians' offices and radiology reading rooms. All primary monitors were equipped with the manufacturer's built‐in photometers and connected to the BarcoMediCalQA web service for manual and automatic quality control measurements. External photometer/illuminance meter (RaySafe Solo Light) was used to measure the luminance values. Measured luminance values of the TG18LN1‐18 and TG18UNL80 test patterns were used to evaluate the primary monitors performance. In a comparison of the quality assurance (QA) measurement results for the same monitors that were performed within 2 years, the luminance of 25 displays remained statistically the same (P > 0.01). The luminance of 17 displays decreased (P < 0.01) in 2017 when compared with 2016, the luminance of 24 displays increased (P < 0.01) in 2017 when compared with 2016. For the annual measurements of the MLD in 2016 and 2017, 25 out of 66 displays showed a decrease of MLD values in 2017 compared with the same measurements in 2016 and 41 displays showed an increase of MLD in 2017. All tested primary displays had the MLD value less than 17.2%. The mean value of illuminance measured in 2016 was 5.8 lux ± 3.1 lux. In 2017, the mean value of illuminance measured was 8.7 lux ± 5.3 lux. Although it is expected that monitors luminance values will decrease over time, we found displays with increased luminance. This is possibly due to the multiple monitor calibrations that were performed between two annual monitor QA tests. Based on the findings of this work, more efficient display QA programs with a shorter time interval than 1 year are needed.
Origin of Open‐Circuit Voltage Enhancements in Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Induced by Addition of Bulky Organic Cations
Authors: Lin Chieh‐Ting , Lee Jinho , Kim Jinhyun , Macdonald Thomas J. , Ngiam Jonathan , Xu Bob , Daboczi Matyas , Xu Weidong , Pont Sebastian , Park Byoungwook , Kang Hongkyu , Kim Ji‐Seon , Payne David J. , Lee Kwanghee , Durrant James R. , McLachlan Martyn A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe origin of performance enhancements in p‐i‐n perovskite solar cells (PSCs) when incorporating low concentrations of the bulky cation 1‐naphthylmethylamine (NMA) are discussed. A 0.25 vol % addition of NMA increases the open circuit voltage (Voc) of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) PSCs from 1.06 to 1.16 V and their power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 18.7% to 20.1%. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and low energy ion scattering data show NMA is located at grain surfaces, not the bulk. Scanning electron microscopy shows combining NMA addition with solvent assisted annealing creates large grains that span the active layer. Steady state and transient photoluminescence data show NMA suppresses non‐radiative recombination resulting from charge trapping, consistent with passivation of grain surfaces. Increasing the NMA concentration reduces device short‐circuit current density and PCE, also suppressing photoluminescence quenching at charge transport layers. Both Voc and PCE enhancements are observed when bulky cations (phenyl(ethyl/methyl)ammonium) are incorporated, but not smaller cations (Cs/MA)—indicating size is a key parameter. Finally, it demonstrates that NMA also enhances mixed iodide/bromide wide bandgap PSCs (Voc of 1.22 V with a 1.68 eV bandgap). The results demonstrate a facile approach to maximizing Voc and provide insights into morphological control and charge carrier dynamics induced by bulky cations in PSCs.
Constructing a High‐Strength Solid Electrolyte Layer by In Vivo Alloying with Aluminum for an Ultrahigh‐Rate Lithium Metal Anode
Authors: Lu Ziyang , Li Wantang , Long Yu , Liang Jiachen , Liang Qinghua , Wu Shichao , Tao Ying , Weng Zhe , Lv Wei , Yang Quan‐Hong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe serious safety issues caused by uncontrollable lithium (Li) dendrite growth, especially at high current densities, seriously hamper the rapid charging of Li metal‐based batteries. Here, the construction of Al–Li alloy/LiCl‐based Li anode (ALA/Li anode) is reported by displacement and alloying reaction between an AlCl3‐ionic liquid and a Li foil. This layer not only has high ion‐conductivity and good electron resistivity but also much improved mechanical strength (776 MPa) as well as good flexibility compared to a common solid electrolyte interphase layer (585 MPa). The high mechanical strength of the Al–Li alloy interlayer effectively eliminates volume expansion and dendrite growth in Li metal batteries, so that the ALA/Li anode achieves superior cycling for 1600 h (2.0 mA cm−2) and 1000 cycles at an ultrahigh current density (20 mA cm−2) without dendrite formation in symmetric batteries. In lithium–sulfur batteries, the dense alloy layer prevents direct contact between polysulfides and Li metal, inhibiting the shuttle effect and electrolyte decomposition. Long cycling performance is achieved even at a high current density (4 C) and a low electrolyte/sulfur (6.0 µL mg−1). This easy fabrication process provides a strategy to realize reliable safety during the rapid charging of Li‐metal batteries.
Low Voltage and Ferroelectric 2D Electron Devices Using Lead‐Free BaxSr1‐xTiO3 and MoS2 Channel
Authors: Jeong Yeonsu , Jin Hye‐Jin , Park Ji Hoon , Cho Yongjae , Kim Minju , Hong Sungjae , Jo William , Yi Yeonjin , Im Seongil 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCoupling between non‐toxic lead‐free high‐k materials and 2D semiconductors is achieved to develop low voltage field effect transistors (FETs) and ferroelectric non‐volatile memory transistors as well. In fact, low voltage switching ferroelectric memory devices are extremely rare in 2D electronics. Now, both low voltage operation and ferroelectric memory function have been successfully demonstrated in 2D‐like thin MoS2 channel FET with lead‐free high‐k dielectric BaxSr1‐xTiO3 (BST) oxides. When the BST surface is coated with a 5.5‐nm‐ultrathin poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)‐brush for improved roughness, the MoS2 FET with BST (x = 0.5) dielectric results in an extremely low voltage operation at 0.5 V. Moreover, the BST with an increased Ba composition (x = 0.8) induces quite good ferroelectric memory properties despite the existence of the ultrathin PMMA layer, well switching the MoS2 FET channel states in a non‐volatile manner with a ±3 V low voltage pulse. Since the employed high‐k dielectric and ferroelectric oxides are lead‐free in particular, the approaches for applying high‐k BST gate oxide for 2D MoS2 FET are not only novel but also practical towards future low voltage nanoelectronics and green technology.
Fabrication of Photonic Microbricks via Crack Engineering of Colloidal Crystals
Authors: Phillips Katherine R. , Zhang Cathy T. , Yang Ting , Kay Theresa , Gao Chao , Brandt Soeren , Liu Lei , Yang Haizhao , Li Yaning , Aizenberg Joanna , Li Ling 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEvaporation‐induced self‐assembly of colloidal particles is one of the most versatile fabrication routes to obtain large‐area colloidal crystals; however, the formation of uncontrolled “drying cracks” due to gradual solvent evaporation represents a significant challenge of this process. While several methods are reported to minimize crack formation during evaporation‐induced colloidal assembly, here an approach is reported to take advantage of the crack formation as a patterning tool to fabricate microscopic photonic structures with controlled sizes and geometries. This is achieved through a mechanistic understanding of the fracture behavior of three different types of opal structures, namely, direct opals (colloidal crystals with no matrix material), compound opals (colloidal crystals with matrix material), and inverse opals (matrix material templated by a sacrificial colloidal crystal). This work explains why, while direct and inverse opals tend to fracture along the expected {111} planes, the compound opals exhibit a different cracking behavior along the nonclose‐packed {110} planes, which is facilitated by the formation of cleavage‐like fracture surfaces. The discovered principles are utilized to fabricate photonic microbricks by programming the crack initiation at specific locations and by guiding propagation along predefined orientations during the self‐assembly process, resulting in photonic microbricks with controlled sizes and geometries.
Remote Magnetic Nanoparticle Manipulation Enables the Dynamic Patterning of Cardiac Tissues
Authors: Zwi‐Dantsis Limor , Wang Brian , Marijon Camille , Zonetti Simone , Ferrini Arianna , Massi Lucia , Stuckey Daniel J. , Terracciano Cesare M. , Stevens Molly M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe ability to manipulate cellular organization within soft materials has important potential in biomedicine and regenerative medicine; however, it often requires complex fabrication procedures. Here, a simple, cost‐effective, and one‐step approach that enables the control of cell orientation within 3D collagen hydrogels is developed to dynamically create various tailored microstructures of cardiac tissues. This is achieved by incorporating iron oxide nanoparticles into human cardiomyocytes and applying a short‐term external magnetic field to orient the cells along the applied field to impart different shapes without any mechanical support. The patterned constructs are viable and functional, can be detected by T2*‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging, and induce no alteration to normal cardiac function after grafting onto rat hearts. This strategy paves the way to creating customized, macroscale, 3D tissue constructs with various cell‐types for therapeutic and bioengineering applications, as well as providing powerful models for investigating tissue behavior.
Semiconducting Polymer Nanoreporters for Near‐Infrared Chemiluminescence Imaging of Immunoactivation
Authors: Cui Dong , Li Jingchao , Zhao Xuhui , Pu Kanyi , Zhang Ruiping 
Published: December 2019

AbstractReal‐time in vivo imaging of immunoactivation is critical for longitudinal evaluation of cancer immunotherapy, which, however, is rarely demonstrated. This study reports semiconducting polymer nanoreporters (SPNRs) with superoxide anion (O2•−)‐activatable chemiluminescence signals for in vivo imaging of immunoactivation during cancer immunotherapy. SPNRs are designed to comprise an SP and a caged chemiluminescence phenoxy‐dioxetane substrate, which respectively serve as the chemiluminescence acceptor and donor to enable intraparticle chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer. SPNRs are intrinsically fluorescent but only become chemiluminescent upon activation by O2•−. Representing the first O2•−‐activatable near‐infrared chemiluminescent reporter, SPNR3 sensitively differentiates higher O2•− levels in immune cells from other cells including cancer and normal cells. Following systemic administration, SPNR3 passively accumulates into tumors in living mice and activates the chemiluminescence signals responding to the concentration of O2•− in the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, the enhancement of in vivo chemiluminescence signal after cancer immunotherapy is correlated with increased population of T cells in the tumor, proving its feasibility in tracking of T cell activation. Thus, SPNRs represent the first kind of chemiluminescent reporters competent for in vivo imaging of immunoactivation.
Insight into Design of MIL‐125(Ti)‐Based Composite with Boosting Photocatalytic Activity: The Embedded Multiple Fe Oxide Count
Authors: Gao Kaihua , Li Yaru , Na Ping 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibit poor stability especially under solution phase and high temperature, which compromises their practical application and functionalized modification. So, it is still challenging and imperative for the development of desirable design for the MOF‐functionalized material. Herein, the rational design and construction of MIL‐125(Ti)‐based Fe oxide composite (HPMIL‐125(Ti)‐Fe) are demonstrated. First, the ideal host HPMIL‐125(Ti) with eligible pore size, great stability, and hierarchical porosity is constructed through a facile one‐step pyrolysis. Then, the Fe oxide nanostrips are uniformly embedded into their porous channel along the axis through adsorption and thermally triggered phase transition processes. The unique design integrates 2D iron oxide semiconductor structure into 3D cake‐like hierarchical pore MIL‐125(Ti) kernel. The excellent photocatalytic activity of the as‐fabricated product, which is nearly 4.9 times than that of pristine HPMIL‐125(Ti), is evaluated by photocatalytic oxidation of As(III). Such a great improved photocatalytic performance is principally attributed to the narrowed bandgap, the decreased recombination rate of photoinduced electron–hole pairs, and large surface area with plentiful active species for As(III) photocatalytic oxidation. This contribution may brighten up an extra orientation for developing a more facile and practical strategy of fabricating MOF‐based composites.
Reversible Tuning of Magnetization in a Ferromagnetic Ruddlesden–Popper‐Type Manganite by Electrochemical Fluoride‐Ion Intercalation
Authors: Vasala Sami , Jakob Anna , Wissel Kerstin , Waidha Aamir Iqbal , Alff Lambert , Clemens Oliver 
Published: December 2019

AbstractElectrical tuning of materials' magnetic properties is of great technological interest, and in particular reversible on/off switching of ferromagnetism can enable various new applications. Reversible magnetization tuning in the ferromagnetic Ruddlesden–Popper manganite La2−2xSr1+2xMn2O7 by electrochemical fluoride‐ion (de)intercalation in an all‐solid‐state system is demonstrated for the first time. A 67% change in relative magnetization is observed with a low operating potential of <1 V, negligible capacity fading, and high Coulombic efficiency. This system offers a high magnetoelectric voltage coefficient, indicating high energy efficiency. This method can also be extended to tune other materials' properties in various perovskite‐related materials.
High‐Performance Li–Se Battery Enabled via a One‐Piece Cathode Design
Authors: Kim Soochan , Cho Misuk , Lee Youngkwan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA high‐performance Li–Se battery is demonstrated by adopting a novel Se cathode design. The Se cathode is a one‐piece body combined with a Se deposited current collector and a solid polymer electrolyte (SPE). In the preparation of the Se cathode, Se is electrodeposited on Ni‐foam, and the pores are filled with SPE layers. Through this electrodeposition, the cathode is easily fabricated, and charge transports are facile. The use of the SPE layer offers a durable Se electrode, enhancing ion pathways, securing safety, and suppressing undesirable electrochemical reactions. Li–Se batteries assembled with the one‐piece Se cathode and Li‐metal anode, without using conductive carbon, polymer binder, and separator, exhibit ultrastable performance with a low capacity decay of 0.001% per cycle at 1 C over 3000 cycles. The rational design of a one‐piece electrode may hold great promise for the future development of energy storage devices with facile fabrication process and long‐term stability.