bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of family, society and national policy support on treatment adherence among newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Chen Xu , Du Liang , Wu Ruiheng , Xu Jia , Ji Haoqiang , Zhang Yu , Zhu Xuexue , Zhou Ling 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment is the most important cause of poor TB outcomes, and improving support for TB patients is a primary priority for governments, but there has been little research on the effects of family, social and national policy support factors on TB treatment adherence. The current study evaluated treatment adherence among newly diagnosed TB patients in Dalian, north-eastern China, and determined the effects of family, society, and national policy support factors on treatment adherence.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among newly diagnosed TB patients treated at the outpatient department of Dalian Tuberculosis Hospital from September 2019 to January 2020. Data were collected using a questionnaire that measured medication adherence, family support, social support, and national policy support and so on. Differences between groups were assessed using Chi-square tests and Fisher’s exact tests. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of adherence.

Results

A total of 481 newly diagnosed TB patients were recruited, of whom 45.7% had good adherence, and 27.4% and 26.8% had moderate and low adherence, respectively. Patients who had family members who frequently supervised medication (OR:0.34, 95% CI:0.16-0.70), family members who often provided spiritual encouragement (OR:0.13, 95% CI:0.02-0.72), a good doctor-patient relationship (OR:0.61, 95% CI:0.40-0.93), more TB-related knowledge (OR:0.49, 95% CI:0.33-0.72) and a high need for TB treatment policy support (OR:0.38, 95% CI:0.22-0.66) had satisfactory medication adherence. However, patients who had a college degree or higher (OR:1.69, 95% CI:1.04-2.74) and who suffered adverse drug reactions (OR:1.45, 95% CI:1.00-2.11) were more likely to have lower adherence.

Conclusions

Our findings suggested that non-adherence was high in newly diagnosed TB patients. Patients who had family members who frequently supervised medication and provided spiritual encouragement and a good doctor-patient relationship and TB-related knowledge and a high need for policy support contributed to high adherence. It is recommended to strengthen medical staff training and patient and family health education and to increase financial support for improving adherence.
Inequality, Chronic Undernutrition, Maternity, and Diabetes Mellitus as the determinant of anemia among ever-married women in Bangladesh.
Authors: Islam GM 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Anemia is a public health concern at a global level. This study aims to delineate the association between household economic inequalities, along with other confounders, and anemia among reproductive age group women in Bangladesh.Methods: A cross-sectional population sample comprising of 5920 reproductive age group women aged between 15–49 years was selected, and the analyses were performed through the application of proportional odds models.Results: The respondents from low and medium socioeconomic status (SES) households vs. richest households were 1.90 (95% CI, 1.65–2.17; p<.01) and 1.41 (95% CI, 1.12–1.78; p<.01) times more likely to suffer from anemia. The likelihood of being anemic reduces for the low and medium SES groups vs. high SES group when sociodemographic variables are added (OR, 1.69, 95% CI, 1.43–1.99 and OR, 1.35, 95% CI, .07–1.70; p<0.01, respectively). After adding the variables of diabetes and maternity status, the association between having anemia belonging to low and medium SES vs. high SES becomes weaker (OR,1.36, 95% CI,0.85–2.15 and OR, 1.15, 95% CI, 0.6–2.19; p>.05, respectively). Moreover, the strength of the association between anemia and the subjects with pregnant and lactating vs. the subjects without these conditions was reduced after factoring body mass index (BMI).Conclusions: BMI, pregnancy, and diabetes mellitus were observed to be significantly associated with anemia, and the strength of the association was low with anemia and socioeconomic inequality.
Seasonal Variation in the Onset of Acute Calcific Tendinitis of Rotator Cuff
Authors: Furuhata Ryogo , Matsumura Noboru , Yoshiyama Akira , Kamata Yusaku , Takahashi Masaaki , Morioka Hideo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Calcific tendinitis of the rotator cuff is a disorder that causes acute onset of shoulder pain when spontaneous resorption of the calcification occurs. However, factors that trigger calcium resorption have not been clarified. The present study aimed to investigate the association between the onset of calcium resorption in calcific tendinitis and the season of onset.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed 195 patients ( female, 116; male, 79; mean age, 62.6 ± 14.2 years; median age, 62 [52, 73] years) diagnosed with the postcalcification stage of calcific tendinitis, which was defined as acute calcific tendinitis in this study, between 2006 and 2018. The onset date of acute calcific tendinitis for each patient was collected from clinical notes. We evaluated the incidence of acute calcific tendinitis in each season and month. Furthermore, we investigated the correlation between the incidence of acute calcific tendinitis and the mean monthly temperature or humidity levels for each year.

Results

The most common season of acute calcific tendinitis onset was summer (35.4%), followed by spring (24.6%), autumn (24.1%), and winter (15.9%) ( P = 0.002). Monthly analyses showed the highest peak of onset was in July (15.4%) and the lowest peak was in February (3.1%) ( P = 0.022). The incidence of acute calcific tendinitis had a weak association with mean monthly temperature (R 2 = 0.066; P = 0.001) but was not associated with mean monthly humidity levels (R 2 = 0.018; P = 0.099).

Conclusions

This study provides new information on seasonal variation of acute calcific tendinitis onset. The results of this study indicated that the onset of calcium resorption occurs most frequently in the summer in Japan; however, the reasons for seasonal variation remain unclear, and further studies will be needed.
Revision surgery for instrumentation failure after total en bloc spondylectomy: a retrospective case series
Authors: Shinmura Kazuya , Kato Satoshi , Demura Satoru , Yokogawa Noriaki , Yonezawa Noritaka , Shimizu Takaki , Oku Norihiro , Kitagawa Ryo , Handa Makoto , Annen Ryohei , Murakami Hideki , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: There have been several reports of instrumentation failure after 3-column resections such as total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) for spinal tumours; nevertheless, clinical outcomes of revision surgery for instrumentation failure after TES are seldom reported. Therefore, this study assessed the clinical outcomes of revision surgery for instrumentation failure after TES. Methods: This study employed a retrospective case series in a single centre and included 61 patients with spinal tumours who underwent TES between 2010 and 2015 and followed for >2 years. Instrumentation failure rate, back pain, neurological deterioration, ambulatory status, operation time, blood loss, complications, bone fusion after revision surgery, and re-instrumentation failure were assessed. Data were collected on back pain, neurological deterioration, ambulatory status, and management for patients with instrumentation failure, and we documented radiological bone fusion and re-instrumentation failure in cases followed for >2 years after revision surgery. Results: Of the 61 patients, 26 (42.6%) experienced instrumentation failure at an average of 32 (range, 11−92) months after TES. Of these, 23 underwent revision surgery. The average operation time and intraoperative blood loss were 204 min and 97 ml, respectively. Including the six patients who were unable to walk after instrumentation failure, all patients were able to walk after revision surgery. Perioperative complications of reoperation were surgical site infection (n = 2) and delayed wound healing (n = 1). At the final follow-up, bone fusion was observed in all patients. No re-instrumentation failure was recorded. Conclusion: Bone fusion was achieved by revision surgery using the posterior approach alone.
­­­An Integrated Autophagy-Related Gene Signature Predicts Prognosis in Human Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Zhang Jun , Wang Ziwei , Zhao Rong , An Lanfen , Zhou Xing , Zhao Yingchao , Wang Hongbo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Globally, endometrial cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor in women and the number of women being diagnosed is increasing. Tumor progression is strongly related to the cell survival-promoting functions of autophagy. We explored the relationship between endometrial cancer prognoses and the expression of autophagy genes using human autophagy databases.

Methods

The Cancer Genome Atlas was used to identify autophagy related genes (ARGs) that were differentially expressed in endometrial cancer tissue compared to healthy endometrial tissue. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were referenced to identify important biological functions and signaling pathways related to these differentially expressed ARGs. A prognostic model for endometrial cancer was constructed using univariate and multivariate Cox, and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator regression analysis. Endometrial cancer patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups according to risk scores. Survival and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted for these patients to assess the accuracy of the prognostic model. Using immunohistochemistry the protein levels of the genes associated with risk were assessed.

Results

We determined 37 ARGs were differentially expressed between endometrial cancer and healthy tissues. These genes were enriched in the biological processes and signaling pathways related to autophagy. Four ARGs (CDKN2A, PTK6, ERBB2and BIRC5) were selected to establish a prognostic model of endometrial cancer. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis suggested that high-risk groups have significantly shorter survival times than low-risk groups. The area under the ROC curve indicated that the prognostic model for survival prediction was relatively accurate. Immunohistochemistry suggested that among the four ARGs the protein levels of CDKN2A, PTK6, ERBB2 and BIRC5 were higher in endometrial cancer than healthy endometrial tissue.

Conclusions

Our prognostic model assessing four ARGs (CDKN2A, PTK6, ERBB2, and BIRC5) suggested their potential as independent predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets for endometrial cancer.
Association between sitting time and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in South Korean population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Joo Jae Hong , Kim Hwi Jun , Park Eun-Cheol , Jang Sung-In 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To examine the association between sitting time and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among South Koreans aged ≥20 years. Methods: Data from the 2016–2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for the analysis. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was diagnosed according to a hepatic steatosis index of >36. Sitting time was categorized into as Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 using the age-adjusted quartile with Q4 being the longest sitting hour. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between sitting time and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in South Korean population. Results: A total of 13,518 participants were enrolled. The odds for having NAFLD in Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 (sitting hours) were 1.07 (CI: 0.88-1.31), 1.16 (CI: 1.96-1.41), and 1.34 (CI: 1.11-1.61), respectively. The odds ratio increased in magnitude with longer hours of sitting time (test for trend: P-value = 0.0002). Conclusion: Advising physical exercises and discouraging sedentary activities may help to alleviate NAFLD among the South Korean population.
Contact pressure distribution of the hip joint during closed reduction of developmental dysplasia of the hip: A Patient-Specific Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Li Hai , Sui Dashan , Qin Haiyi , Zhang Ziming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the most common deformity of the lower extremity in children, and the etiology remains unclear. The biomechanical change during closed reduction (CR) focused on cartilage contact pressure (CCP) has not been studied. Thereby, we try to provide insight into biomechanical factors potentially responsible for CR treatment success and complications by using finite element analysis (FEA) for the first time.

Methods

Finite element models of one patient with DDH were established based on the data of MRI scan on which cartilage contact pressure was measured. During CR, CCP between the femoral head and acetabulum in different abduction and flexion angles were tested to estimate the efficacy and potential risk factors of avascular necrosis (AVN) following CR.

Results

A 3D reconstruction by the FEA method was performed on a sixteen-month-old girl with DDH on the right side. The acetabulum of the involved side showed a long, narrow, and "plate-shaped" deformity, whereas the femoral head was smaller and irregular compared with the contralateral side. With increased abduction angle, the stress of the posterior acetabulum increased significantly, and the stress on the lateral part of the femoral head increased as well. The changes of CCP in the superior acetabulum were not apparent during CR. There were no detectable differences in terms of pressure on the femoral head.

Conclusions

Severe dislocation (IHDI grade III and IV) in children showed a high mismatch between the femoral head and acetabulum. Increased abduction angle corresponded with high contact pressure, which might relate to avascular necrosis, whereas increased flexion angle was not. Enhanced pressure on the lateral part of the femoral head might increase the risk of AVN.
Dynamic changes of lipid profile in severe hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis patients under double filtration plasmapheresis: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Zheng Huijun , Wang Donghai , Wang Xiaoling , Lin Yongjun , Lu Zhihua , Chen Yueliang , Feng Guo , Yang Na 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the dynamic change of lipid profile under double filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) in severe hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis (sHTGP) patients and ascertain the association between these changes and the clinical prognosis.Methods: sHTGP patients admitted within 72h after disease onset were included, and all the patients received DFPP within 24h after admission. Lipid profile were detected on admission, consecutive 4 days after DFPP and at discharge.Results: There were 47 sHTGP patients enrolled in this study. At admission, all the parameters of lipid profile changed significantly except for low density lipoprotein. In the first day after DFPP, the serum level of TG, cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein declined significantly, while the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) as well as apoprotein A1 elevated obviously (P < 0.05). TG maintained the downward trend in the following three days and the other parameters kept steady. Linear regression analysis showed that HDL was negatively correlated with the duration of hospitalization among three adjusted models (P = 0.043, P = 0.029, P =0.025 respectively).Conclusion: There was distinct fluctuation of the lipid profile upon the burst of sHTGP and the parameters changed significantly in the first day after DFPP. Among these parameters, HDL may serve as a biomarker for disease prognosis in patients with sHTGP.
Quality of life of patients living with psoriasis: a qualitative study
Authors: Godoy Natalia , Meneguin Silmara , Pollo Camila Fernandes , Miot Helio Amante , Oliveira Cesar Messias 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Psoriasis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease prevalent in dermatology. We aimed to understand the perceptions of patients living with psoriasis in relation to their quality of life and to identify aspects to improve it.
Methods
This is qualitative research carried out in a dermatology outpatient clinic of the São Paulo State University (UNESP) medical school, Botucatu, Brazil, with 81 psoriasis patients. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using the Discourse of the Collective Subject method (DCS).
Results
Quality of life was linked to well-being, happiness, leisure, good food and financial stability. However, disease symptoms, social and clothing restrictions, impairment of professional activities and the absence of a cure, negatively influenced their perceptions. Suggestions for improvements included an increase of public awareness, stress reduction, disease acceptance and multidisciplinary care.
Conclusion
The meanings of quality of life revealed by the participants are subjective, multidimensional, linked to moments experienced by them and to the health-disease process. Public health policies promoting reduction in social stigma and stress as well as multidisciplinary approaches towards care can contribute to improvements of QoL in psoriasis.
Dual burden: the experience of depression among women living with HIV in Ethiopia- a qualitative study
Authors: Yousuf Abdilahi , Musa Ramli , Md. Muhammad Lokman , Arifin Siti Roshaidai Mohd 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Depression and HIV are common comorbid and their symptoms are inter-related. Depression remains disproportionately more prevalent among women who live in low-income countries and HIV circumstances, it is vastly ignored or not identified. Thus, little is known about the experience of depression by women living with HIV. The purpose of this study is to explore the experience of depression among women living with HIV.
Method:

A qualitative study was carried out and this research is a part of the larger mixed-method study. A face-to-face interview was conducted among women who attend Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) and who were eligible after depression screening. An interview guide was used for the data collection and the data was analyzed with the application of N-Vivo (version 11.0). Hence, a total of twenty-one women were recruited in this study.
Results

Women described their experience as stressful life events, lack of participation of social activities, concern over community acceptance, negative self-perception, feelings of hopelessness, including dealing with emotional suffering. However, this finding has revealed, in the course of the multifaceted nature of HIV and depression comorbidity, women’s experience was not constant instead it remained dynamic determined by the different psychosocial and clinical dimensions of the illnesses.
Conclusion

This study has elaborated that HIV positive women’s experience with depression was merely related to their psychosocial aspects, internalized personal attributes, disease traits regarding their life with comorbid diseases; HIV, and depression. Hence, future interventions should focus on the integration of mental health services in the HIV clinical setup.
Distinct Characteristics of Correlation Analysis at the Single-Cell and the Population Level
Authors: Wu Guoyu , Li Yuchao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:Correlation analysis is widely used in biological studies to infer molecular relationships within biological networks. Recently, single-cell analysis has drawn tremendous interests, for its ability to obtain high-resolution molecular phenotypes. It turns out that there is little overlap of co-expressed genes identified in single-cell level investigations with that of population level investigations. However, the nature of the relationship of correlations between single-cell and population levels remains unclear. In this manuscript, we aimed to unveil the origin of the differences between the correlation coefficients at the single-cell level and that at the population level, and bridge the gap between them. Results:Through developing formulations to link correlations at the single-cell and the population level, we illustrated that aggregated correlations could be stronger, weaker or equal to the corresponding individual correlations, depending on the variations and the correlations within the population. When the correlation-within is weaker than the individual correlation, the correlation at the population level is stronger than that at the single-cell level. Through a bottom-up approach to model interactions between molecules in a signaling cascade or a multi-regulator controlled gene expression, we surprisingly found that the existence of interaction between two components could not be excluded simply based on their low correlation coefficients, suggesting a reconsideration of connectivity within biological networks which was derived solely from correlation analysis. We also investigated the impact of technical random measurement errors on the correlation coefficients for the single-cell level and the population level. The results indicate that the aggregated correlation is relatively robust and less affected.Conclusions:Because of the heterogeneity among single cells, correlation coefficients calculated based on data of the single-cell level might be different from that of the population level. Depending on the specific question we are asking, proper sampling and normalization procedure should be done before we draw any conclusions.
The Effect of Skill-based Sexual Enhancement Counseling Program in Quality of life in Women with Multiple Sclerosis–a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Sayari Negin , Vakilian Katayon , Khalajinia Zohre , Hejazi Seyyed Amir , Vahedian Mostafa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the world’s most common neurologic disorders and the leading cause of neurologic disability in young adults. This study aimed to investigate skill-based sexual enhancement counseling on Quality of Life (QLI) of women with Multiple Sclerosis.Methods: the present study is a quasi-experimental design with two groups. Forty-two patients with multiple sclerosis and their spouses (N=88) voluntarily participated in this study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After obtaining the written consent forms, the couples were randomly assigned in two groups. The subjects in the intervention group (N=22 couples) received the skill-based sexual enhancement counseling program in six sessions (each for 90 minutes). The control group just received routine medical procedure during this period. Both groups completed three stages of pretest-posttest, and the standard MSQOL54 questionnaire 3 months later. Data were analyzed by SPSS-20 using descriptive and inferential statistics (repeated measures ANOVA, chi-square, Friedman and t-test).Results: The results showed that the participants' overall quality of life in the intervention group in pretest was 55.32±9.140 which increased to 73.89± 13.39 in posttest and to 92.59±20.45, 3 months later. Also, the physical quality of life showed a significant difference between the two groups 3 months after the intervention (P <0.05). There was a significant difference between the two groups in psychological quality of life, too. The subscales of physical and mental QLI such as sexual satisfaction, sexual function, emotional wellbeing, social function and energy in post-test and follow-up were significantly different (P<0.05).Conclusions: According to the findings, skill-based sexual enhancement counseling program is effective in quality of life enhancement. Therefore, it is recommended to health care providers to use enhancement program alongside the other rehabilitation and medical services to improve the patients' quality of life.