bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PSVI-35 The combined effects of early-socialization of piglets and neonatal enriched environment on intestinal gene expression and fecal community structure
Authors: García Mireia Saladrigas , Ko Heng Lun , Sorrento Agustina Rodríguez , Obiols Pol Llonch , Hernández José Francisco Pérez , Orúe Susana María Martín 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The management of the litters through practices of early-socialization and environmental enrichment has been shown to improve piglet’s adaptation at weaning, reducing stress response. We hypothesized that changes in the neonatal environment of piglets could also modulate the maturation of intestinal microbiota and gene expression at weaning. In a commercial farm, 14 maternity sows and their litters were allotted to two treatments: a control treatment (commercial conditions, CTR) and an enriched treatment (ENR) in which piglets from two litters were mixed 14 days post-partum by removing fences. Moreover, the farrowing pen was fitted with hanging objects. Piglets were mixed after weaning (d28) according to their body size, as in commercial practice, but keeping experimental groups. Faecal and jejunum samples were collected from 7 piglets/treatment before (d26) and after (d31) weaning. Faecal microbiome was analyzed by sequencing the 16S RNA gene (Illumina MiSeq®) and OpenArray® technology was used for gene expression analysis. No significant changes promoted by treatments were found in microbiota structure during lactation. However, dissimilarities were observed after weaning (Penvfit = 0.04) although we were not able to detect significant changes in particular taxa. Weaning had an evident impact in the microbiota structure with increases in α-diversity and a clear decrease in Lactobacillaceae family. Regarding intestinal gene expression, a higher expression of the TLR2 gene was registered in CTR piglets after weaning (P = 0.03). The weaning process itself was associated with changes in the expression of numerous genes related to barrier function, digestive enzymes and nutrient transport. Results confirm that early socialization of piglets and an enriched neonatal environment during lactation, can have an impact on the maturation of the intestinal microbiota after weaning. These effects could be mediated by a differential stress response and changes in the cross-talk between the host and the intestinal microbiota.
PSVI-33 Queen bees’ artificial breeding using selenium compounds
Authors: Nevitov Mikhail , Ostapchuk Aleksandr , Poluboyarinov Pavel , Gamayunov Aleksey , Anipchenko Polina , Stekolnikov Anatoly , Plemyashov Kirill , Baymishev Khamidulla , Nikitin Georgiy , Nechaev Andrey , Melekhova Irina , Rybin Evgeniy , Nikitina Anastasia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The aim of the study was to research the effect of selenium-containing drugs on the efficiency of artificial hatching, using them in the composition of feeding of starter-families. The experiment was conducted in a private apiary located in the Penza region, Russia (30 bee colonies). The predominant honey plants - melilot, rose bay. The average productivity -65–70 kg of marketable honey.In the maternal family, 1.5-day-old larvae were taken, transferred to artificial pans and placed for a day in the family-starters, and then - in the queen-rearing colony. Families-starters once received a sugar syrup with selenium-containing drugs. Sugar syrup(S) was prepared in a 1: 1 ratio, selenium drugs were added to it. The introduction of selenopyran as part of top-dressing to the starter-family at a dose of 0.2 mg of selenium per 1 kg of bees causes an increase in selenium content in the body of bees by 138%, while the administration of sodium selenite and selenocystin does not lead to significant changes in the selenium status of insects under the same conditions.Sodium selenite, introduced as part of top-dressing to the family-starter up to 0.2 mg selenium per 1 kg of bee mass, increases the selenium content in the body of the queens that were in the 1st day of development in this family by 225%, while selenopyran with this method administration causes an increase in selenium level in the body of the uterus by 121%, and selenocystin - by 73%, compared with the control.The use of selenocystine and sodium selenite as part of feeding to starter families contributes to better preservation of the larvae in the development process in queen-rearing colony, compared with the control and provides a higher yield of queens (respectively, 214% and 157% higher).
PSVI-15 Transcriptome analysis of ileal lymph nodes identifies key microRNAs affecting disease progression in Holstein cows with subclinical Johne’s disease
Authors: Wang Mengqi , Bissonnette Nathalie , Griebel Philip , Dudemaine Pier-Luc , Do Duy N , Ibeagha-Awemu Eveline M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Johne’s disease (JD) is a chronic enteric disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP) but immune and metabolic mechanisms affecting JD progression have not been clearly elucidated. MicroRNAs (miRNA) have been reported to play important roles in numerous biological processes by regulating gene expression. In this study, miRNA expression in ileal lymph nodes (ILLN) from MAP positive (JD subclinical stage) Holstein cows (n = 5) and MAP negative cows (n = 5) were characterized by high throughput sequencing. MiRNA-sequence data was processed using a standard pipeline followed by functional enrichment with ClueGo app in Cytoscape. Among 324 expressed miRNAs, 37 were differently expressed (DE) (18 up-regulated and 19 down-regulated) in MAP infected cows relative to MAP negative cows. Bta-miR-100 (fold change = -2.29), a down-regulated miRNA, has previously been associated with Streptococcus uberis and MAP infections in cows, while bta-miR-330 (fold change = 63.42), the most up-regulated miRNA, was previously reported to be present in the sera of MAP infected calves. Predicted target genes of 37 DE miRNAs were enriched (P &lt; 0.05) in gene ontology terms related to metabolic, cellular and developmental processes, and immune system development, as well as pathways related to cancer and Th17 cell differentiation, and lysosome compartmentalization. This suggests that miRNAs DE following MAP infection may be involved in regulating a wide variety of processes. In addition, 5 DE miRNAs were negatively correlated (P &lt; 0.05) with 39 DE mRNAs (mRNAs expressed in the same tissue), comprising 42 negatively correlated DE miRNA-mRNA pairs. Bta-miR-2447 was negatively correlated with 29 DE mRNAs, suggesting it may be an important hub miRNA in the regulation of MAP infection in ILLN tissue. Our data thus suggest that bta-miR-100, bta-miR-330 and bta-miR-2447, which are implicated in the Th17 cell differentiation pathway, may be key regulators of the host response during MAP infection in ILLN.
PSVI-40 Effects of dietary glucan on intestinal morphology, immunity response, barrier function and antioxidant capacity in weaning pigs
Authors: xiong xia , Wu Lvliang , Shao Yirui , zou Jian , Yin Yulong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Glucan has been studied as a potential alternative to antibiotics for animals in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary glucan on growth performance and gut health of weaning piglets, which is a water-soluble extracellular ꞵ-glucan produced by Agrobacterium sp. ZX09. A total of 108 weaned piglets (21 d of age; 6.05 ± 0.36 kg) were randomly assigned (6 pens/diet; 18 piglets/pen) to 3 dietary treatments consisting of a basal diet (control group) or the basal diet supplemented with 20 ppm olaquindox or 200 ppm glucan for 14 days, respectively. The results showed that piglets fed with glucan had greater (P &lt; 0.05) body weight and average daily gain than piglets in control group. Piglets fed with glucan or antibiotic had greater villus height to crypt depth ratio on duodenum compared with control group (P &lt; 0.05). The mRNA expression of Claudin-1 on duodenum or ileum was higher (P &lt; 0.05) in glucan group than that on the other groups. The mRNA expression of TLR4, MYD88 and NFκB on jejunum were lower (P &lt; 0.05) in glucan or antibiotic group than those in control group. Dietary supplementation with glucan tended to increase the IL-10 and SIgA concentration on ileum (0.05 &lt; P &lt; 0.1). Dietary supplementation with glucan tended to increase the total antioxidant capacity on jejunum (P = 0.093). In conclusion, 200 ppm glucan or 20 ppm olaquindox can improve the growth performance of weaning piglets. The glucan may can accelerate the growth of weaned piglets by improving gut health. This research will provide guidance for the olaquindox alternative on growing piglets.
PSVI-19 Medical nutrition as a factor in increasing the adaptive potential of the honeybee
Authors: Rozhkov Konstantin , Kuznetsov Anatoliyi , Lunegova Irina 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the implementation of all modern methods of keeping honey bees and caring for them, physiologically sound medical nutrition using adaptogens and biostimulants of various nature is of crucial importance. The object of the study was the clinically healthy families of two honeybee races: Apis mellifera carpatica and Apis mellifera caucasica. Experimental and control groups were formed on the principle of pairs of analogues. Bee colonies in the experimental groups of both races received 60% sugar syrup with Monclavit-1 (12 ml / 1 liter), and in the control groups they received syrup without additives. Studies have shown that the use of the drug Monclavit-1 (water-polymer system based on iodine in the form of poly-N-vinylamide-cyclo-sulfoiodide complex, total iodine content of 0.35 mg / 100 cm3) in the composition of the liquid carbohydrate feed contributed to a better supply of milk larvae in the milk during the spring development (table 1), so the amount of milk in cells with 3 day brood in the І and ІІ experimental groups ranged from 7.21 ± 0.12 to 5.32 ± 0.78 mg against from 4.29 ± 0.84 up to 4.17 ± 0.29 mg in І and І control, and in autumn, respectively, from 17.73 ± 0.57 to 15.97 ± 0.19 pro from 11.06 ± 0.81 to 10.12 ± 0.98. What is associated with the adaptive effect on the body of therapeutic nutrition and the correction of microflora in the digestive system of bees with Monclavit-1.With the introduction of the drug Monklavit-1 into the diet of the honeybee during medical nutrition, there is a pronounced upward adaptation expressed by a prolonged effect on the body, which indicates the promise of research in the indicated direction with the study of a set of morphophysiological and biochemical indicators.
PSVI-20 Medicinal plants in adaptive feeding of honeybees
Authors: Rozhkov Konstantin , Lunegova Irina , Kuznetsov Anatoliyi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In modern animal husbandry in northern latitudes, the use of medicinal plants in adaptive feeding is widespread, in particular the honeybee.Studies were conducted in accordance with generally accepted methodological and analytical approaches. The object of the study was the clinically healthy families of Apis mellifera carpatica. Experimental and control groups were formed on the principle of pairs of analogues. The bee families of the control group received, in addition to the basic ration, a carbohydrate feed of liquid consistency (60% sugar syrup) without additives, and the experienced ones enriched with water extract of needles, І experienced - Siberian fir, II experimental - spruce.Studies have shown that the use of water extracts in the spring period allows to significantly increase the average daily egg production rate of the queens (Tab.1), so in the І experimental group it was 1917 eggs/day, which is more than ІІ of the experimental group by -9.2%, the control group by -17.9%. In the period of growing bee larvae of summer generation by bees in spring, the average daily egg production of queen bee in the І experimental group was 2180 eggs/day, exceeding ІІ the experimental group by -5.2%, and the control group -13.2% (Table 1). The largest honey harvest per family was recorded in the І experimental group -77.8±0.39 kg. The superiority in this indicator to the bee families of the second group of the experimental group was 17.4% and the control group 26.9% (Table 2). Introduction to the diet of a honey bee with an adaptive diet of aqueous extracts of Siberian fir and common spruce in the composition of carbohydrate food liquid consistency contributes to the rapid growth of bee colonies during the period of change of winter generation bees to spring and spring to summer, which increases the productivity of collecting honey.
PSVI-21 Peculiarities of the manifestation of bronchial asthma in cats in metropolis environment
Authors: Sabirzianova Liliia , Anipchenko Polina , Yashin Anatolii , Ponamarev Vladimir , Kriukova Vera , Kuznetsova Nadezhda , Lunegov Alexander , Andreeva Nadezhda , Alistratova Flura , Guseva Veronika 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Up to the present days the peculiarities of the manifestation of bronchial asthma in cats is studied insufficiently. Available scientific literature is limited, there are only some facts posted on the websites of private veterinary clinics, but it doesn’t play role of clinically proven scientific facts. The aim of the work—to study peculiarities of the bronchial asthma pathological process and clinical signs in metropolis environment. Experimental group included 35 cats, of different breed, sex and age groups, all of them examined with symptoms of bronchial asthma in private veterinary clinic “Sotnikov Veterinary Clinic,” Russie Saint-Petersburg, during period from. Using basis clinical examination methods – anamnesis, thermometry, pulse and breath rate calculation, auscultation and percussion — were stated following principal clinical signs and pathological process peculiarities, expressed in percentage, which we present in our results. Dyspnea was noted in 25.0%, cough – in 84.0%, general condition: without visible changes 84%, the depressed state - 16%. Among the patients, males predominated – 62.1%, females 37.9%. Clinical signs of bronchial asthma within single-breed group of cats did not exceed 6.7%, and 55.0% of animals were mongrel cats. Most of the animals were predisposed to asthma at the age of 1–5 years, which together makes up about 50.0% of the diseased animals. In cats over 10 years of age, no symptoms of asthma have been identified. About seasonal dependence, this pathology was registered in 3/4 cases in winter-spring period, mainly in January and March, which together accounted for 41.4% of the total number of such animals. So, cold season time provoke disease recurrence. In conclusion, it is essential to underline that 80% of examined cats were not vaccinated against infections. The features of the manifestation of bronchial asthma of cats depend on their sex, age, breed and season of the year.
PSII-31 Manipulation of steam-flaked corn bulk density during grain adaptation phase of beef steers: ruminal fermentation characteristics and feeding behavior
Authors: Hoffmann Carly A , Henry Darren D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The effects of steam-flaked corn bulk density (SFC-BD) during grain adaptation phase on ruminal fermentation characteristics and feeding behavior were evaluated. Six crossbred ruminally-cannulated Angus beef steers (BW = 404 ± 42 kg; experimental units) were used in a randomized complete block design (block = BW). Steers were assigned to adaptation strategy grain-treatment: a) SFC-BD of 335g/L (335); or b) 412g/L (412). Steers were fed ad-libitum during six 7d phases consisting of: HAY; step-up (1, 2, 3, and 4); and a common 335 SFC-BD FINISHER diet. Respective SFC-BD treatments were fed throughout step-up diets. Ruminal pH was continuously measured (wireless pH probes), and ruminal fluid collected for further analyses. A continuous observation (24h) was used for feeding behavior. Data were analyzed using GLIMMIX procedures of SAS. SFC-BD did not affect (P ≥ 0.19) measured variables, except for increasing NDF (P &lt; 0.01) and tending to increase (P = 0.09) ADF digestibility for 412 steers during step-up 2 and 3. Steers fed 412 had greater (P ≤ 0.05) DMI during step-up 3 and 4 compared to FINISHER. Greater (P ≤ 0.01) digestible DMI during step-up 4 and FINISHER were observed compared to other phases. Digestible NDF/ADF intakes were greatest (P ≤ 0.05) during HAY-phase. Digestibility of DM was lowest (P ≤ 0.05) during HAY-phase. Steers ruminated more (P ≤ 0.05) during HAY-phase than FINISHER. Chewing was greatest (P ≤ 0.05) for HAY and intermediate for Step-up 1. Ruminal C2:C3 decreased (P &lt; 0.01) as steers advanced through phases. Ruminal ammonia-N was greatest (P &lt; 0.01) for step-up 1 and 2, and intermediate for other phases. The SFC-BD range studied seemed to not dramatically affect ruminal fermentation characteristics and feeding behavior. The most critical moment evidenced was between HAY and the receiving diet, as well as, when 412 g/L was suddenly switched to 335 g/L.
PSII-32 Effects of feeding 60% dried distillers grains plus solubles or the equivalent sulfur as calcium sulfate on hydrogen sulfide gas production in the rumen
Authors: Kassetas Cierrah J , Neville Bryan , Caton Joel , McCarthy Kacie L , Sedivec Kevin , Crouse Matthew S , Dahlen Carl 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of feeding 60% dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) or the equivalent sulfur from calcium sulfate (CaSO4) to yearling beef bulls on ruminal hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The hypothesis for this study was that bulls consuming elevated concentrations of sulfur in their diet will have an increase in H2S present in the rumen. Twenty-four crossbred beef bulls (10 months of age, BW=319.6 kg) were assigned one of three treatments 1) corn based diet containing 60% concentrate (CON, S=0.2%, n = 8); 2) diet containing 60% DDGS as a replacement for corn (DDGS, S=0.44% DM, n = 8); 3) CON diet+ equivalent sulfur of DDGS in diet added as CaSO4 (SULF, S=0.43%, n = 8). Bulls were individually fed in Calan gates at 2% of BW. Ruminal gas samples were taken via rumen puncture 4 to 6 hours post feeding on d0, 14 and 42. Concentrations of H2S were determined using hydrogen sulfide detector tubes which were connected to a volumetric gas pump (Gastec, Kanawaga, Japan). Data were analyzed as repeated measures using the MIXED procedures of SAS for effects of day, treatment, and a day × treatment interaction. A day × treatment interaction was present for ruminal H2S (P = 0.005). On d0, there was no effect of treatment (P = 0.97). Bulls fed DDGS or SULF had similar H2S concentration on d14 (P = 0.06), while animals fed CON had lower H2S concentration (P = 0.004). On d42, concentrations of H2S was greater in SULF than all other treatments (P£0.006), while DDGS was greater than CON (P£0.05). Elevated H2S in bulls fed the SULF treatment compared with the DDGS treatment may indicate that ruminal availability of sulfur (S) in CaSO4 was greater than that of the combination of sulfuric acid and S-containing amino acids present in DDGS.
PSIV-7 Selections of Lactobacillus and fermentation conditions for fermenting food ingredients to improve digestibility of senior dogs
Authors: Park Sojeong , Lee Jihyeon , Lee Eunchae , Lee Sangrak 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study was conducted to develop a highly digestible fermented foods for senior dogs through fermentation of protein ingredients. A total of 9 strains of starter culture (Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. fermentum, L. alimentarius, L. brevis, L. plantarum, L. reuteri, L. sakei, Pediococcus acidilactici, P. pentosaceus) were selected considering various fermentation parameters on high-protein ingredients based on previous studies. Six high-protein ingredients (duck meal, fish meal, chicken meat, egg yolk, bovine bone meal, soybean meal) mainly used for dog foods were fermented with the selected 9 strains. The fermentation efficiency of these ingredients was investigated by measuring pH and ammonia nitrogen. In consideration of economic efficiency, solid fermentation with a moisture content of 50% was performed for short-term period at 37°C for 24 hours. Dog foods containing these fermented ingredients were manufactured to measure in vitro dry matter and pepsin digestibility. As a result, the fermentation effect was best when duck meal, fish meal, and chicken meat were inoculated with Lactobacillus reuteri (ΔpH; -0.42 ~ 0.43, ΔNH3-N conc.; 0.335 ~ 1.354g/L), bovine bone meal with Lactobacillus acidophilus (ΔpH; -0.48, ΔNH3-N conc.; 1.350g/L), egg yolk with Pediococcus acidilactici (ΔpH; 0.16, ΔNH3-N conc.; 0.586g/L), and soybean meal with Lactobacillus alimentarius (ΔpH; -1.65, ΔNH3-N conc.; 0.158g/L). Overall, the digestibilities of fermented foods were higher (P &lt; 0.05) than those of non-fermented foods in in vitro dry matter and pepsin digestibility. The above results could be used as basic data for the development of foods to improve digestibility of senior dogs by fermenting high-protein ingredients.
PSIV-14 Calcium digestibility in hatchery byproducts fed to nursery pigs
Authors: Sung Jung Y , Kim Beob G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The objective was to determine standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of calcium (Ca) in hatchery byproducts fed to nursery pigs. Ten barrows with mean body weight of 10.2 ± 0.7 kg were individually housed in metabolism crates. Four corn-based diets were formulated to contain 10% of infertile eggs (40% CP, 11.6% Ca, and 4,630 kcal/kg GE as-is), 10% of unhatched eggs (40% CP, 12.7% Ca, and 4,296 kcal/kg GE as-is), 25% of culled chicks (66% CP, 1.8% Ca, and 5,897 kcal/kg GE as-is), and 15% of a mixture of 3 ingredients aforementioned (56% CP, 6.2% Ca, and 5,342 kcal/kg GE as-is), respectively. A calcium-free diet was also prepared to measure basal endogenous losses of Ca. Ten animals were assigned to a replicated 5 × 4 Latin square design with 5 diets, and 4 periods. Each period consisted of a 5-d adaptation period and 5-d collection period. The marker to marker method was employed for total feces collection. The STTD of Ca in culled chicks (75.6%) was greater than that in the mixture (64.5%; P &lt; 0.05). The ATTD and STTD of Ca in unhatched eggs (38.3 and 43.4%, respectively) were less than those in infertile eggs (48.5 and 53.3%, respectively; P &lt; 0.05). Basal endogenous losses of Ca were determined at 659 mg/kg of dry matter intake. In conclusion, culled chicks had the greatest standardized total tract digestibility of calcium among test ingredients and standardized total tract digestible calcium in infertile eggs, unhatched eggs, culled chicks, and the mixture were 6.2, 5.5, 1.4, and 4.0%, respectively.