bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Performance of Prediction Models for Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Ma Bryan , Allen David W. , Graham Michelle M. , Har Bryan J. , Tyrrell Ben , Tan Zhi , Spertus John A. , Brown Jeremiah R. , Matheny Michael E. , Hemmelgarn Brenda R. , Pannu Neesh , James Matthew T. 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Identifying patients at increased risk of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) can help target risk mitigation strategies toward these individuals during percutaneous coronary intervention. Illuminating which risk models best stratify risk is an important foundation for such quality improvement efforts.

Methods and Results:
Seven previously published risk prediction models for CA-AKI and 3 models for kidney injury requiring dialysis were validated using 2 definitions for CA-AKI (the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes definition of ≥0.3 mg/dL within 48 hours or ≥50% increase in serum creatinine from baseline within 7 days and the historical definition of ≥0.5 mg/dL or ≥25% increase in serum creatinine from baseline within 48 hours), and AKI requiring dialysis within 30 days of percutaneous coronary intervention. Model performance was compared based on discrimination, calibration, and categorical net reclassification index before and after model recalibration. Among 7888 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention in Alberta Canada, CA-AKI occurred in 330 patients (4.2%) when CA-AKI was defined using the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes definition and 571 (7.3%) when using the historical definition. CA-AKI requiring dialysis occurred in 42 (0.6%) patients. When validated using the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes definition for CA-AKI, the 2 most recently published models for CA-AKI showed better discrimination (C statistics, 0.75–0.76) than older models (C statistics, 0.61–0.68). C statistics of models for kidney injury requiring dialysis ranged from 0.70 to 0.86. The calibration of all models for CA-AKI deviated from ideal, and the proportion of patients classified into different risk categories for CA-AKI differed substantially for the 2 most recent models. Recalibration significantly improved risk stratification of patients into clinical risk categories for some models.

Conclusions:
Recent prediction models for CA-AKI show better discrimination compared with older models; however, model recalibration should be examined in external cohorts to improve the accuracy of predictions, particularly if predicted risk strata are used to guide management approaches.
Arts Nonprofits—Associations and Agencies: A Literature Review
Authors: Stebbins Robert A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAn association is “a relatively formally structured nonprofit group that depends mainly on volunteer members for participation and activity and that primarily seeks member benefits, even if it may also seek some public benefits” (Smith, Stebbins, & Dover, 2006, p. 23). The arts that give birth to these organizations can be classified as either fine art or entertainment art. Every art association is embedded each in its own art world and its own social world. Members of these association are mostly amateurs or hobbyists in their art.Publications on arts-related amateur, hobbyist, professional, and mixed-member associations are reviewed. Their prime mission is to foster, present, and sometimes chronicle the art that its members prize. Many of these works report on the structure of the associations as well as on the recruitment, artistic development, deployment of artists, dissemination of their art, and retention of their members. Also reviewed is a selection of publications bearing on what could be called “arts consumption clubs,” or groups such as book clubs, dance clubs, and jazz clubs established to generate interest in a given art. Some of the publications reviewed center on associational management, use of volunteers, and financial base of the group.
Development of Community, Capabilities, and Understanding through Unmanned Aircraft-Based Atmospheric Research: The LAPSE-RATE Campaign
Authors: de Boer Gijs , Diehl Constantin , Jacob Jamey , Houston Adam , Smith Suzanne W. , Chilson Phillip , Schmale David G. , Intrieri Janet , Pinto James , Elston Jack , Brus David , Kemppinen Osku , Clark Alex , Lawrence Dale , Bailey Sean C. C. , Sama Michael P. , Frazier Amy , Crick Christopher , Natalie Victoria , Pillar-Little Elizabeth , Klein Petra , Waugh Sean , Lundquist Julie K. , Barbieri Lindsay , Kral Stephan T. , Jensen Anders A. , Dixon Cory , Borenstein Steven , Hesselius Daniel , Human Kathleen , Hall Philip , Argrow Brian , Thornberry Troy , Wright Randy , Kelly Jason T. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTBecause unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) offer new perspectives on the atmosphere, their use in atmospheric science is expanding rapidly. In support of this growth, the International Society for Atmospheric Research Using Remotely-Piloted Aircraft (ISARRA) has been developed and has convened annual meetings and “flight weeks.” The 2018 flight week, dubbed the Lower Atmospheric Profiling Studies at Elevation–A Remotely-Piloted Aircraft Team Experiment (LAPSE-RATE), involved a 1-week deployment to Colorado’s San Luis Valley. Between 14 and 20 July 2018 over 100 students, scientists, engineers, pilots, and outreach coordinators conducted an intensive field operation using unmanned aircraft and ground-based assets to develop datasets, community, and capabilities. In addition to a coordinated “Community Day” which offered a chance for groups to share their aircraft and science with the San Luis Valley community, LAPSE-RATE participants conducted nearly 1,300 research flights totaling over 250 flight hours. The measurements collected have been used to advance capabilities (instrumentation, platforms, sampling techniques, and modeling tools), conduct a detailed system intercomparison study, develop new collaborations, and foster community support for the use of UAS in atmospheric science.
Using Visualization Science to Improve Expert and Public Understanding of Probabilistic Temperature and Precipitation Outlooks
Authors: Gerst Michael D. , Kenney Melissa A. , Baer Allison E. , Speciale Amanda , Wolfinger J. Felix , Gottschalck Jon , Handel Scott , Rosencrans Matthew , Dewitt David 
Published: November 2019

AbstractVisually communicating temperature and precipitation climate outlook graphics is challenging because it requires the viewer to be familiar with probabilities as well as to have the visual literacy to interpret geospatial forecast uncertainty. In addition, the visualization scientific literature has open questions on which visual design choices are the most effective at expressing the multidimensionality of uncertain forecasts, leaving designers with a lack of concrete guidance. Using a two-phase experimental setup, this study shows how recently developed visualization diagnostic guidelines can be used to iteratively diagnose, redesign, and test the understandability the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Prediction Center (CPC) climate outlooks. In the first phase, visualization diagnostic guidelines were used in conjunction with interviews and focus groups to identify understandability challenges of existing visual conventions in temperature and precipitation outlooks. Next, in a randomized control versus experimental treatment setup, several graphic modifications were produced and tested via an online survey of end users and the general public. Results show that, overall, end users exhibit a better understanding of outlooks, but some types of probabilistic color mapping are misunderstood by both end users and the general public, which was predicted by the diagnostic guidelines. Modifications lead to significant gains in end-user and general public understanding of climate outlooks, providing additional evidence for the utility of using control versus treatment testing informed by visualization diagnostics.
Effects of long-term antipsychotics treatment on body weight: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Bazo-Alvarez Juan Carlos , Morris Tim P , Carpenter James R , Hayes Joseph F , Petersen Irene 
Published: November 2019

Background: Antipsychotics are often prescribed for long-term periods, however, most evidence of their impact on body weight comes from short-term clinical trials. Particularly, impact associated with dosage has been barely studied. Aims: The aim of this study was to describe the short- and long-term change in body weight of people initiated on high or low doses of the three most commonly prescribed second-generation antipsychotics. Methods: Retrospective cohorts of individuals with a diagnosed psychotic disorder observed from 2005 to 2015 in the UK primary care. The exposure was the first prescription of olanzapine, quetiapine or risperidone. The main outcome was change in body weight four years before and four years after initiation of antipsychotic treatment, stratified on sex and ‘low’ or ‘high’ dose. Results: In total, 22,306 women and 16,559 men were observed. Olanzapine treatment was associated with the highest change in weight, with higher doses resulting in more weight gain. After 4 years, given a high dose of olanzapine (> 5 mg), women gained on average +6.1 kg; whereas given a low dose (⩽ 5 mg), they gained +4.4 kg. During the first six weeks of olanzapine treatment, they gained on average +3.2 kg on high dose and +1.9 kg on low dose. The trends were similar for men. Individuals prescribed risperidone and quetiapine experienced less weight gain in both the short- and long-term. Conclusions: Olanzapine treatment was associated with the highest increase in weight. Higher doses were associated with more weight gain. Doctors should prescribe the lowest effective dose to balance mental-health benefits, weight gain and other adverse effects.
Caregiver Decision-Making for Terminally Ill Children: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Pinto Taylor Emily , Doolittle Benjamin 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Many children are born with life-limiting illnesses. Medical decision-making for these children by caregivers is complex and causes significant psychosocial distress, which can be partially alleviated by effective communication with medical providers. In order for providers to support caregivers, this study explores how caregivers make decisions regarding the medical care of their terminally ill children. Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted among caregivers of terminally ill children. Participation was voluntary and confidential. The institutional review board approved the protocol. Transcripts were read and coded by 2 authors using inductive, concurrent analysis to reach thematic saturation and generate common themes. Results: Nine interviews were completed, discussing the care of 10 children. Caregivers described decision-making as impacted by their relationships with medical providers of 2 distinct types—trusting and nontrusting. Trusting relationships were notable for a longitudinal relationship with medical staff who empowered caregivers and treated the patient primarily as a child. Nontrusting relationships were noted when the medical team objectified their child as a “patient” and appeared to withhold information. Also, nontrusting relationships occurred when caregivers felt frustration with needing to educate health-care providers about their child’s illness. Conclusion: Decision-making by caregivers of terminally ill children is complex, and supporting families in this process is a critical role of all medical providers. A trusting relationship with medical team members was identified as an effective tool for well-supported decision-making, which can potentially alleviate the suffering of the child and distress of the caregivers during this emotionally charged time.
Coaction Between Physical Activity and Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Racially Diverse, Obese Adults
Authors: Heredia Natalia I. , Fernandez Maria E. , van den Berg Alexandra E. , Durand Casey P. , Kohl Harold W. , Reininger Belinda M. , Hwang Kevin O. , McNeill Lorna H. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose: There is minimal understanding of the potential for coaction, defined as action on one behavior increasing the likelihood of taking action on another behavior, between physical activity (PA) and fruit and vegetable (FV) intake. The purpose of this study was to assess the bidirectional coaction between FV intake and PA, as well as self-efficacy for these behaviors, in a racially diverse sample of obese adults. Design: This is a secondary analysis using data collected from the Path to Health study, a randomized controlled trial. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03674229. Sample: Obese adults who completed baseline and 6-month follow-up assessments. Measures: For this study, data on FV intake, leisure time PA, and 7-day accelerometer data were analyzed at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Analysis: We interchanged modeling the FV intake and PA change variables as the independent and dependent variables. We conducted multiple imputation and both linear and multinomial regression. Results: The sample (n = 168) was 59% female and mainly split between white (42%) and African American (42%). Change in self-efficacy for PA was predictive of change in self-efficacy for FV intake and vice versa. When compared with participants with no change in FV intake, someone with a positive change in FV intake was more likely to have a positive change in self-reported PA (adjusted risk ratio [RR] = 6.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.69-26.68). Likewise, when compared with no change, participants with a positive change in self-reported PA were more likely to report a positive change in FV intake (adjusted RR = 6.79, 95% CI = 1.70-27.17). Conclusion: Findings suggest coaction between self-efficacy for FV intake and PA as well as between FV intake and PA. Coaction could be capitalized on to more effectively promote both energy-balance behaviors.
Acceptance of illness mediate the effects of health literacy on self-management behaviour
Authors: Qiu Chen , Zhang Xiaonan , Zang Xiaoying , Zhao Yue 
Published: November 2019

Background: Self-management is crucial for blood pressure control and subsequent disease prevention. Health literacy and acceptance of illness may contribute to self-management behaviour; in addition, acceptance of illness may mediate the effects of health literacy on self-management behaviour among patients with hypertension. Objective: The aims of the research were to examine whether health literacy and acceptance of illness were associated with both pharmacological and non-pharmacological management behaviour and examine the possible mediating effects of the acceptance of illness in patients with hypertension. Methods: Hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to analyse the relationships between health literacy, acceptance of illness, pharmacological and non-pharmacological management behaviours. Mediation effects were examined by the PROCESS macro. Results: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 478 hypertensive patients completed measures of health literacy, acceptance of illness, self-management, social support, depression, physical function and demographic and clinical characteristics. Functional, communicative, critical health literacy and acceptance of illness showed positive associations to pharmacological and non-pharmacological management behaviour. Acceptance of illness mediated the relationships between three types of health literacy, pharmacological and non-pharmacological management but the effects size and pathway differed. In detail, functional health literacy influenced pharmacological and non-pharmacological management behaviour mainly by indirect effects mediated by the acceptance of illness, but communicative and critical health literacy influenced pharmacological and non-pharmacological management behaviour mainly by direct effects. Conclusions: Acceptance of illness mediated the relationships between three types of health literacy and self-management. Health literacy and acceptance of illness should be addressed when taking measures to improve patients’ self-management behaviour.
Sublumbar grass awns in two cats: ultrasonographic features and ultrasound-guided retrieval
Authors: Della Santa Daniele , Mannucci Tommaso , Busoni Giulia , Citi Simonetta 
Published: November 2019

Case series summary Two adult cats were evaluated because of recurrent abscesses of the right lateral thoracoabdominal wall. The abscesses receded with antibiotics but relapsed shortly after therapy interruption. Ultrasonography identified fluid-filled lesions containing linear, hyperechoic material with distal acoustic shadowing in the sublumbar region of both cats. Ultrasound-guided retrieval of grass awns was performed in both cases, which resulted in complete clinical resolution. Relevance and novel information While sublumbar abscesses in dogs are a relatively common disease, their occurrence in cats is much less common. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the ultrasonographic features of sublumbar abscessation induced by foreign bodies and their ultrasound-guided retrieval in cats.
A Case of Melanoma-Associated Retinopathy, Uveitis, and Optic Neuritis Associated With Pembrolizumab, Managed With Topical, Intravitreal, and Intravenous Steroids
Authors: Xie Kate , Kong Christina , Mehta Mitul C. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose: We report a case of advanced metastatic cutaneous melanoma with melanoma-associated retinopathy and pembrolizumab-related panuveitis and optic neuritis. Methods: The patient’s condition was managed by systemic, topical, and intravitreal corticosteroids without discontinuing pembrolizumab. Results: After initiation of systemic and topical steroid treatment, optic nerve edema improved. He developed chronic uveitis with cystoid macular edema with improvement in symptoms with intravitreal dexamethasone implants. The patient demonstrated a decrease in all metastatic lesions and improvement in melanoma-associated retinopathy. Conclusions: The new checkpoint inhibitor class including pembrolizumab shows promise as a therapy for advanced metastatic melanoma in patients resistant to all other forms of chemotherapy. In general, immune-related adverse effects are responsive to steroid therapy. The trend for treatment of posterior uveitis due to pembrolizumab is to discontinue pembrolizumab. Our case suggests that even severe cases of uveitis may be sufficiently ameliorated by concurrent systemic, intravitreal, and topical therapy to allow continuation of treatment.
Structure and Function of ATP-Dependent Chromatin Remodeling Complexes in Human Cancer
Authors: Kadoch Cigall 
Published: November 2019

Dr. Cigall Kadoch will discuss how recent exome-and genome-wide sequencing studies in human cancers have unmasked a striking frequency of mutations in the genes encoding subunits of the mammalian SWI/SNF (mSWI/SNF) family of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes. Her laboratory uses biochemistry, structural biology, systems biology, and genomics-based approaches to define the mechanisms of chromatin and gene regulation carried out by the mSWI/SNF family of chromatin regulators. Specifically, they have studied rare, genetically well-defined pediatric cancers including synovial sarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, malignant rhabdoid tumor and others, all of which involve mSWI/SNF complex perturbations as critical drivers of their oncogenic programs. These studies have informed the diverse mechanisms underlying mSWI/SNF complex targeting and function in a wide array of cancers (including hematologic cancers) and developmental disorders and have provided new foundations for therapeutic development.

Disclosures
Kadoch: Foghorn Therapeutics: Consultancy, Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.
Mapping Stem Cell Dependencies in Cancer Heterogeneity and Therapy Resistance
Authors: Reya Tannishtha 
Published: November 2019

Our research focuses on the signals that control stem cell self-renewal and how these signals are hijacked in cancer. Using a series of genetic models, we have studied how classic developmental signaling pathways play key roles in hematopoietic stem cell growth and regeneration and are dysregulated during leukemia development. Through this work we have identified Hedgehog and Wnt signaling, and more recently the cell fate determinant Musashi, as critical players in driving progression of hematologic malignancies and as targets for therapy. To search for new regulators of myeloid leukemia, we have carried out a focused screen of surface molecules that may enable leukemia cells to receive supportive cues from the microenvironment. This screen identified key new adhesion signals that are critical to leukemia growth, drug resistance and dissemination. Using high resolution in vivo imaging we have mapped how these mediate the interactions that leukemia cells make within their microenvironment. To complement this focused screen, we have also carried out a genome wide CRISPR screen to more generally define the biological determinants of myeloid leukemia establishment and propagation. This screen identified a large number of new genes and programs critically required for leukemia, including those essential for chromatin remodeling and spliceosomal assembly. Among these, RNA binding proteins (RBPs) in general, and the chromatin binding sub-family of RBPs in particular, emerged as key new dependencies of myeloid leukemia. The talk will focus in part on these new regulators.

Disclosures
No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.