bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile Fabricating Strategy for Bioinspired Flexible Film with Cavitation: Liquid Super‐Repellent Material with Stimulate‐Response on Liquid Adhesion
Authors: Xue Peihong , Liu Hao , Mo Yanqiang , Qi Yuhong , Jin Meihua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInspired by liquid super‐repellent skin of springtail, air pockets with tiny openings are fabricated on the surface of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to achieve a stable existence of gas between liquid and micro‐nanostructure. After further low‐energy grafting, the PDMS with air pocket microstructures shows a well hydrophobic and oleophobic property. When the liquid droplet fell on the fabricated surface, the positive pressure generated by the air pocket promotes the wetting state to be much fitting with the Cassie–Baxter model. Based on the super‐repellent microstructures, the flexible material shows properties of anti‐icing and anti‐fog. Additionally, the positive pressure of the air pocket to liquid droplet changed to be negative when stretching stress is applied to the PDMS elastomer. Based on the changed pressure, wetting state of the liquid droplet reversed from super‐low adhesion to high adhesion. The stimulus‐responsive material with reversible wettability has great potential in the applications of microfluidic chip and controlled releasing liquid micro‐droplets.
Technical Note: CT calibration for proton treatment planning by cross‐calibration with proton CT data
Authors: Farace Paolo , Tommasino Francesco , Righetto Roberto , Fracchiolla Francesco , Scaringella Monica , Bruzzi Mara , Civinini Carlo 
Published: December 2020

PurposeThis study explores the possibility of a new method for x‐ray computed tomography (CT) calibration by means of cross‐calibration with proton CT (pCT) data. The proposed method aims at a more accurate conversion of CT Hounsfield Units (HU) into proton stopping power ratio (SPR) relative to water to be used in proton‐therapy treatment planning.MethodsX‐ray CT scan was acquired on a synthetic anthropomorphic phantom, composed of different tissue equivalent materials (TEMs). A pCT apparatus was instead adopted to obtain a reference three‐dimensional distribution of the phantom’s SPR values. After rigid registration, the x‐ray CT was artificially blurred to the same resolution of pCT. Then a scatter plot showing voxel‐by‐voxel SPR values as a function of HU was employed to link the two measurements and thus obtaining a cross‐calibrated x‐ray CT calibration curve. The cross‐calibration was tested at treatment planning system and then compared with a conventional calibration based on exactly the same TEMs constituting the anthropomorphic phantom.ResultsCross‐calibration provided an accurate SPR mapping, better than by conventional TEMs calibration. The dose distribution of single beams optimized on the reference SPR map was recomputed on cross‐calibrated CT, showing, with respect to conventional calibration, minor deviation at the dose fall‐off (lower than 1%).ConclusionsThe presented data demonstrated that, by means of reference pCT data, a heterogeneous phantom can be used for CT calibration, paving the way to the use of biological samples, with their accurate description of patients’ tissues. This overcomes the limitations of conventional CT calibration requiring homogenous samples, only available by synthetic TEMs, which fail in accurately mimicking the properties of biological tissues. Once a heterogeneous biological sample is provided with its corresponding reference SPR maps, a cross‐calibration procedure could be adopted by other PT centers, even when not equipped with a pCT system.
Noncoaxiality considering inherent anisotropy under various loading paths in a strain space multiple mechanism model for granular materials
Authors: Ueda Kyohei , Iai Susumu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInherent anisotropy is a crucial aspect to consider to improve one's understanding of the behavior of granular materials, in particular, noncoaxial responses under proportional and nonproportional loadings. This article investigates the capability of a strain space multiple mechanism model to reproduce complex responses of inherently anisotropic soils under various loading paths. The constitutive model has been expanded upon to account for the effect of inherent anisotropy by incorporating a new function along with three additional parameters; two of these parameters, and , control the degree of anisotropy, whereas the third parameter, , represents the principal direction of inherent anisotropy. Laboratory experimental data regarding the complex anisotropic responses of Toyoura sand under various loading paths are used to validate the constitutive model. The model is found to successfully simulate the anisotropic drained soil responses under monotonic proportional and nonproportional loadings as well as those under loading involving the rotation of the principal stress axis by considering the additional anisotropic parameters. Furthermore, the simulated responses of inherently isotropic materials are compared with those of anisotropic materials to numerically investigate the influence of inherent anisotropy (ie, the anisotropic parameters) on soil behavior under such loading conditions.
Food grade silica nanoparticles cause non‐competitive type inhibition of human salivary α‐amylase because of surface interaction
Authors: Phue Wut Hmone , Srinivasan Divya , Hameed Aneela , Yaylayan Varoujan , George Saji 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGiven the potential of ingested particles to interact with enzymes in oral cavity, we compared different grades of SiO2 particles (food‐grade and non‐food grade nanoparticles (FG‐SiO2‐NP, NFG‐SiO2‐NP), and food grade microparticles (FG‐SiO2‐MP)) for their interaction with human salivary α‐amylase (HSA). There were differences in the agglomeration behavior and relative abundance of silanol and siloxane groups among different grades of SiO2 particles where FG‐SiO2‐NPs contained less cyclic siloxane groups but more silanol groups. Secondary structure and function of HSA were negatively impacted by FG‐SiO2‐NPs. In order to verify if this inhibition is mediated through surface interactions, pristine particles were compared with those interacted with pure protein (bovine serum albumin‐BSA) and with food matrix (milk) for HSA inhibition. BSA coating of SiO2 particles ameliorated HSA inhibition, but milk interacted ones showed an enhanced the HSA inhibition because of the presence of milk protease suggesting the relevance of surface interactions in manifesting potential negative impacts of silica particles used in food.
THE IMPACTS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF COLLEGE INSTRUCTORS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC AND LABOR MARKET OUTCOMES
Authors: Xu Di , Ran Florence Xiaotao 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBased on a novel data set that links college administrative information with earnings records from a state college system for both public two‐year and four‐year colleges, this study quantifies the impacts of exposure to different types of instructors during students’ initial semester in college on their subsequent academic and labor market outcomes. To minimize bias from student sorting by type of instructor, we combine course‐set fixed effects with an instrumental variables approach that exploits term‐by‐term fluctuations in faculty composition in each department, therefore controlling for both between‐ and within‐course sorting. The findings suggest that two‐year students, particularly racial minority students, have substantially higher levels of exposure to adjuncts with temporary appointments than four‐year students. Two‐year students taking a heavy course schedule with temporary adjuncts are adversely affected in college persistence and subsequent credit accumulation, and the penalty is particularly pronounced among males and racial minority students with stronger academic potential. Such negative impacts on academic outcomes do not translate into poorer short‐ to medium‐term labor market performance. In the four‐year setting, no significant distinction is identified between different types of instructors on either student academic or labor market outcomes.
The maize premature senesence2 encodes for PHYTOCHROME‐DEPENDENT LATE‐FLOWERING and its expression modulation improves agronomic traits under abiotic stresses
Authors: Gupta Rajeev , Jiao Shuping , Zhao Suling , Meeley Robert B. , Williams Robert W. , Taramino Graziana , Feng Dongsheng , Li Guofu , Liu Juan , Allen Stephen M. , Simcox Kevin D. , Multani Dilbag S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAmong the various abiotic stresses, water and nitrogen are major stress factors that limit crop productivity worldwide. Since leaf nutrients remobilization during leaf senescence might impact response to abiotic stress in crops, we undertook a forward screen of the Mutator‐active approach to identify premature senescence loci in maize. A mutant line isolated from a cross between a Pioneer Brand elite line and a public Mutator‐active material, designated premature senescence2 (pre2), expressed leaf senescence during flower initiation. The Pre2 gene encodes PHYTOCHROME‐DEPENDENT LATE‐FLOWERING (PHL) protein, a nuclear receptor coactivator. The pre2‐1 mutant allele was not a null mutation but produced a functional wild‐type transcript along with multiple mRNA species of varying lengths resulting from the alternate splicing of the Pre2 gene. The PHL accelerates flowering by suppressing the inhibitory effect of phyB on flowering in Arabidopsis (Endo et al., 2013). The ZmPRE2 polypeptide is highly conserved in plant species and has two identifiable motifs namely SPT20 and MED15. The Spt20 domain, which is a part of the SAGA (Spt‐Ada‐Gcn5 acetyltransferase) complex, is involved in histone deacetylation and MED15 proteins have nuclear functions in mediating DNA Pol II transcription. The differential spliced mature transcripts in both the pre2 alleles, as a result of transposon interference, were producing truncated proteins that lacked polyglutamine (Q) tract near the C‐terminus and might be causative of the premature senescence phenotype in maize. Endogenous gene suppression of ZmPre2 by RNAi improves maize agronomic performance under both water stress and suboptimal nitrogen conditions. The homozygous T‐DNA knockout of the pre2 homolog in Arabidopsis (At1G72390; the same insertional allele used by Endo et al., 2013) results in higher biomass, delayed maturity, enhanced tolerance to drought, and improved nitrogen utilization efficiency. The Arabidopsis mutant also showed hypersensitive response to 1 µM ABA (abscisic acid) concentration. These results indicate that the PHL protein plays a direct or indirect role in ABA‐dependent drought and N signaling pathways.
Canonical versus explicitly correlated coupled cluster: Post‐complete‐basis‐set extrapolation and the quest of the complete‐basis‐set limit
Authors: Varandas António J. C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe concept of post‐complete‐basis‐set (pCBS) extrapolation is introduced. It is shown that pCBS extrapolation of the CCSD(T) correlation energy calculated with conventional theory and up to quadruple‐ζ basis sets yields nearly as accurate values as if done with explicitly correlated CCSD(T)‐F12 theory and its preferred VXZ‐F12 ansätze, also up to quadruple‐ζ. Applied to the popular A24 test set of moderate‐sized non‐covalent interactions, all pCBS energies share the same asymptote up to an average error of 0.06 kcal mol−1, possibly the accuracy of the theory itself. For the 13 first complexes of A24 (A13/24), the best converged due to the severe computational demands of most A24 systems, the corresponding mean signed and unsigned plus standard deviations are MSD = (−0.027 ± 0.14) kcal mol−1 and MUD = (0.101 ± 0.10) kcal mol−1 at canonical CCSD(T)/VXZ and MSD = (−0.010 ± 0.05) kcal mol−1 and MUD = (0.042 ± 0.03) kcal mol−1 at CCSD(T)‐F12b/VXZ‐F12 levels of theory when using as reference the extrapolated values from raw energies calculated with the two largest affordable (typically (5,6) for canonical CCSD(T) and (T,Q) for CCSD(T)‐F12) basis sets. Amid such results, CCSD(T)/AVXZ calculations run with up to quintuple‐ζ basis sets, followed by CBS and pCBS extrapolations, show a MUD only slightly larger by 0.14 kcal mol−1, but at a comparatively higher cost. Both canonical and F12 coupled cluster approaches can therefore be considered for the first time to yield results of similar accuracy when pCBS extrapolated from basis sets of formally similar rungs. The above pattern is found to hold generally in A24.
Uncoupling protein 2-mediated metabolic adaptations define cardiac cell function in the heart during transition from young to old age
Authors: Kurian Justin , Yuko Antonia E. , Kasatkin Nicole , Rigaud Vagner O. C. , Busch Kelsey , Harlamova Daria , Wagner Marcus , Recchia Fabio A. , Wang Hong , Mohsin Sadia , Houser Steven R. , Khan Mohsin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cellular replacement in the heart is restricted to postnatal stages with the adult heart largely postmitotic. Studies show that loss of regenerative properties in cardiac cells seems to coincide with alterations in metabolism during postnatal development and maturation. Nevertheless, whether changes in cellular metabolism are linked to functional alternations in cardiac cells is not well studied. We report here a novel role for uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in regulation of functional properties in cardiac tissue derived stem-like cells (CTSCs). CTSC were isolated from C57BL/6 mice aged 2 days (nCTSC), 2 month (CTSC), and 2 years old (aCTSC), subjected to bulk-RNA sequencing that identifies unique transcriptome significantly different between CTSC populations from young and old heart. Moreover, results show that UCP2 is highly expressed in CTSCs from the neonatal heart and is linked to maintenance of glycolysis, proliferation, and survival. With age, UCP2 is reduced shifting energy metabolism to oxidative phosphorylation inversely affecting cellular proliferation and survival in aged CTSCs. Loss of UCP2 in neonatal CTSCs reduces extracellular acidification rate and glycolysis together with reduced cellular proliferation and survival. Mechanistically, UCP2 silencing is linked to significant alteration of mitochondrial genes together with cell cycle and survival signaling pathways as identified by RNA-sequencing and STRING bioinformatic analysis. Hence, our study shows UCP2-mediated metabolic profile regulates functional properties of cardiac cells during transition from neonatal to aging cardiac states.
Systemic DKK1 neutralization enhances human adipose-derived stem cell mediated bone repair
Authors: Negri Stefano , Wang Yiyun , Sono Takashi , Qin Qizhi , Hsu Ginny Ching-Yun , Cherief Masnsen , Xu Jiajia , Lee Seungyong , Tower Robert J. , Yu Victoria , Piplani Abhi , Meyers Carolyn A. , Broderick Kristen , Lee Min , James Aaron W. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Progenitor cells from adipose tissue are able to induce bone repair; however, inconsistent or unreliable efficacy has been reported across preclinical and clinical studies. Soluble inhibitory factors, such as the secreted Wnt signaling antagonists Dickkopf-1 (DKK1), are expressed to variable degrees in human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), and may represent a targetable “molecular brake” on ASC mediated bone repair. Here, anti-DKK1 neutralizing antibodies were observed to increase the osteogenic differentiation of human ASCs in vitro, accompanied by increased canonical Wnt signaling. Human ASCs were next engrafted into a femoral segmental bone defect in NOD-Scid mice, with animals subsequently treated with systemic anti-DKK1 or isotype control during the repair process. Human ASCs alone induced significant but modest bone repair. However, systemic anti-DKK1 induced an increase in human ASC engraftment and survival, an increase in vascular ingrowth, and ultimately improved bone repair outcomes. In summary, anti-DKK1 can be used as a method to augment cell-mediated bone regeneration, and could be particularly valuable in the contexts of impaired bone healing such as osteoporotic bone repair.
Au‐Polyoxometalates A‐B‐A‐B Type Copolymer‐Analogue Sub‐1 nm Nanowires
Authors: Liu Junli , Wang Shibin , Liu Nan , Yang Deren , Wang Hongwei , Hu Hanshi , Zhuang Jing , Wang Xun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHere it is shown that polyoxometalate (POM) clusters (H3PW12O40·xH2O, PW12) can be introduced to interact with Au nanoclusters to form the “A‐B‐A‐B” type building block (“A” represents Au nanoclusters and “B” stands for PW12 clusters), which continue to grow into copolymer‐analogue Au−PW12 sub‐1 nm nanowires. Due to the synergetic effect of Au nanoclusters and POMs, the obtained Au−PW12 sub‐1 nm nanowires efficiently perform catalytic activity in the photo‐electrochemical converting CO2 into CO. Under light, the catalyst maintains remarkable faradic efficiency (FE) of ≈99% from −0.7 to −0.9V (RHE), which is better than that in dark (FE of 66.4–90.64% from −0.7 to −0.9 V (RHE)). Density functional theory calculations and cryo‐electron microscope images support the “A‐B‐A‐B” type of structure and mechanistic studies also reveal the higher reactivity toward COOH* formation and CO adsorption on the catalyst, which lead to the superior catalytic activity in CO2 reduction reaction.
Social network sites and requirements engineering: A systematic literature review
Authors: Ali Nazakat , Hong Jang‐Eui , Chung Lawrence 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA large volume of highly diverse and real‐time data provided by social network sites has revolutionized several data analytical sciences such as stock exchange fluctuation prediction, sentiment analysis, and political affiliations prediction. From a software engineering viewpoint, social network sites have produced an unprecedented opportunity for software development organizations to monitor the opinion of the large population of users of their systems. The extracted data from social network sites can be used to extract information about newly launched systems, and it enable software development organizations to obtain rapid technical and social feedback about their systems. This paper presents on a systematic literature review of the published research articles on how requirements engineering (RE) activities are conducted using social network sites, elaborated in studies published between 2011 and 2019. From the resulting studies, we extracted data to answer our four questions related to social network site (SNS)‐based RE approaches focusing on requirements elicitation, prioritization, and negotiation activities. Thirty‐one relevant studies were identified and analyzed to answer our research questions. Among 31 studies, 62% of the studies reportedly support requirements elicitation activity, and 14% of the studies reportedly support requirements elicitation, prioritization, and negotiation activities. Ten percent studies were about requirements elicitation and prioritization activities, 7% of the studies support both requirements elicitation and negotiation activities, and prioritization activity was supported by 7% of the studies. It was also observed that 58% of the selected studies adopted semi‐automatic approaches to conduct RE activities while 21% of the selected studies proposed automatic tools, and 21% of the selected studies adopted manual approaches to conduct RE activities. The outcomes of this systematic literature review indicate that social network sites can be a major source that can be used successfully to extract and identify user requirements. Moreover, this systematic literature review also presents implications of this study for practitioners and researchers including challenges, unresolved issues, and future research directions.
Scenario-Driven Supply Chain Charaterization Using a Multi-Dimensional Approach
Authors: Barros Ana Cristina , Senna Pedro Pinho , Marchiori Irene , Kalaitzi Dimitra , Balech Sébastien 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExtreme disruptive events, such as the volcano eruption in Iceland, the Japanese tsunami, and the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as constant changes in customers’ needs and expectations, have forced supply chains to continuously adapt to new environments. Consequently, it is paramount to understand the supply chain characteristics for possible future scenarios, in order to know how to respond to threats and take advantage of the opportunities that the next years will bring. This chapter focuses on describing the characteristics of the supply chain in each of the six macro-scenarios presented in Sardesai et al. (2020b), as final stage of the scenario building methodology. Supply chains for each scenario are characterized in eight dimensions: Products and Services, Supply Chain Paradigm, Sourcing and Distribution, Technology Level, Supply Chain Configuration, Manufacturing Systems, Sales Channel, and Sustainability.
A Journey into the European Supply Chains: Key Industries and Best Practices
Authors: Pessot Elena , Marchiori Irene , Zangiacomi Andrea , Fornasiero Rosanna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMacro-trends and sectoral-specific evolutions are changing the way companies produce, distribute and build relationships in their supply network and with customers. Aiming to investigate the effective implementation of new supply chain concepts and innovation needs identified in the previous sections, this chapter provides a study of multiple cases of excellence among European supply chains. It depicts an overview of major trends and structural features of 8 key industries for European economy, i.e. Automotive, Aerospace, Fashion, Chemical, IT, Distribution/logistics, Furniture, Food and Beverage. For each industry, a structured investigation into one or more companies was performed with a total of 18 companies involved. The results identify possible matchings in relation to supply chain strategies, and good and best practices adopted accordingly.
Ethische Aspekte in der partizipativen Forschung – Reflexion von Herausforderungen und möglichen Beeinträchtigungen für Teilnehmende
Authors: Schaefer Ina , Narimani Petra 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungIn der medizinischen Forschung hat sich die Auseinandersetzung mit ethischen Fragestellungen verbindlich etabliert. Dabei werden in der Regel die Kriterieninformiertes Einverständnis und Freiwilligkeit, Schadensminimierung sowie Vertraulichkeit und Anonymisierungzugrunde gelegt. Auch in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung und ebenso in der in Deutschland noch wenig verbreiteten partizipativen Forschung gewinnt die Auseinandersetzung mit ethischen Fragen an Bedeutung. Durch die aus dem Anspruch auf eine gleichberechtigte Zusammenarbeit resultierenden besonderen Beziehungen stellen sich ethische Fragen in der partizipativen Forschung anders als in der nicht partizipativen Forschung. In diesem Beitrag wird im Rahmen einer u. a. auf eine Dokumentenanalyse gestützten Prozessreflexion anhand eines Fallbeispiels aus der partizipativen Gesundheitsforschung illustriert, was genau unter Schadensminimierung verstanden werden kann. Das Fallbeispiel stellt dies aus Sicht der Wissenschaft wie der Forschenden aus der Lebenswelt dar.Die Reflexion zeigt, welche Herausforderungen in der partizipativen Zusammenarbeit vor allem aus Sicht der Forschenden aus der Lebenswelt im partizipativen Prozess zu Beeinträchtigungen und damit zu einem Schadensrisiko führen können. Dabei geht es z. B. um Enttäuschungen, wenn dem Wunsch nach einer individuellen Unterstützung in einem Forschungsprozess nicht ausreichend gefolgt werden kann.Aus den gesammelten Erfahrungen werden Schlussfolgerungen für den Umgang mit ethischen Aspekten in partizipativen Forschungsprojekten abgeleitet. Außerdem wird aufgezeigt, wie die Verknüpfung mit dem Diskurs in der nicht partizipativen qualitativen Forschung für eine Stärkung der ethischen Auseinandersetzung im partizipativen Prozess genutzt werden kann.