bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time‐course assessment of oral intake function and its impact on end‐of‐life in older individuals over 90 years with frailty
Authors: Yamada Hidetada , Nakamori Masahiro , Oda Masaya , Toko Megumi , Sakahara Hideaki , Tagane Yuichiro , Yamazaki Yu , Izumi Yuishin , Maruyama Hirofumi 
Published: December 2024

AimThe study investigates end‐of‐life trajectories, focusing on the degree of oral intake function in older individuals with frailty aged over 90 years.MethodsThis retrospective observational study examined individuals aged 90 years and older who passed away at a long‐term chronic care hospital and related facilities in Japan. We assessed their Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and Function Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), categorizing them into two groups—“preserved CFS” (CFS score ≤7) and “poor CFS” (CFS score ≥8)—considering evaluations conducted 6 months before death. We examined the transitional progression of their CFS and FOIS scores, along with a time‐course assessment of low FOIS scores (≤3) in each group at various intervals.ResultsAmong 66 cases, 38 were in the preserved CFS group, and 28 were in the poor CFS group. The CFS and FOIS scores of the preserved CFS group declined rapidly towards the end‐of‐life, with approximately half experiencing significant declines within 3 months. In contrast, both the CFS and the FOIS scores of the poor CFS group declined gradually within 6 months. The percentage of low FOIS score (≤3) was lower at 12 and 6 months than at 1 month prior to death in the preserved CFS group.ConclusionsThe end‐of‐life trajectories in older individuals with frailty aged over 90 years were heterogeneous. Clinicians should carefully monitor the degree of frailty and changes in food intake as crucial indications of the end‐of‐life phase, providing optimal support to manage potential vicious cycles. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; 25: 96–101.
The relative importance of plant‐pollinator network parameters in maintaining seed productivity varies between years
Authors: Tachibana Taiki , Uchida Kei , Nishimura Issei , Lu Xiaoming , Zhao Xuezhen , Bai Yongfei , Sasaki Takehiro 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHuman activities have caused biodiversity loss and climate change, altering critical ecosystem functions. Numerous empirical studies have focused on the relationship between plant diversity and primary productivity or its stability. However, ecosystem functions such as pollination and nutrient cycling would be regulated by biological interactions among multiple trophic levels. Here, we examined the relationship between plant diversity, pollination attributes, and seed productivity in a biodiversity experiment conducted in Inner Mongolia in 2018 and 2019, differing in intra‐annual precipitation patterns. We found that pollinator visitation frequency did not affect seed productivity in both years. In 2018, we observed that flowering plant richness and flower vulnerability had positive effects on seed productivity. In 2019, however, only network evenness had a negative effect on seed productivity. The consistent effect of pollination network structure but not visitation frequency on seed productivity across two growing seasons suggests that complementary plant‐pollinator interactions rather than mass effects of pollinator visitation regulate plant reproduction in the studied system. Since the relative contributions of flowering plant richness and plant‐pollinator interactions on seed productivity would vary due to intra‐annual precipitation patterns, as presented here, observations across multiple years should be required to fully reveal the ecosystem consequences of plant‐pollinator interactions.
Drought intensity–responsive changes in photosynthesis‐related proteins, carbohydrate pools and forage quality in Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.)
Authors: Lee Bok‐Rye , Park Sang‐Hyun , Kim Tae‐Hwan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDrought is a major factor affecting annual forage production and quality. The present study aimed to characterize drought stress–responsive changes in carbohydrate composition and forage quality–related parameters as being linked to the responses of physiological parameters during the regrowth of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). Drought treatment gradually decreased leaf water potential (Ψw) to a minimum value of −2.94 MPa at day 46. Drought‐responsive increases in H2O2 concentration and lipid peroxidation were significant from day 22 (Ψw = −1.38 MPa), accompanied by the decreased chlorophyll content. Drought stress repressed Rubisco large subunit and several thylakoid membrane protein complexes (PSI, PSII dimer, PSII monomer and cytochrome b6/f). Drought also increased glucose, fructose and sucrose concentrations from day 22. A distinct increase in monosaccharides and disaccharides coincided with a reduction of fructan, especially from day 36 onward, when the enzymatic activity of fructan exohydrolases (1‐FEH and 6‐FEH) became greatly enhanced. Significant changes in forage nutritional parameters also occurred from day 36 (Ψw = −2.74 MPa), as shown by increases in neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and ADF‐lignin with enhanced activity of polyphenol oxidase, as well as a decrease in crude protein content. These drought‐responsive changes in nutritional parameters were strongly correlated with a decrease in in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). A correlation analysis revealed that drought‐induced accumulation of H2O2 along with decreasing Ψw was closely associated with increases in fiber compounds and ADF‐lignin leading to a decrease in IVDMD. Our results indicate that drought‐responsive reductions in forage quality mainly occurred under severe drought stress (day 36 to day 46, Ψw ≤ −2.74), when H2O2 accumulation and lipid peroxidation were high, were characterized by an accompanied increase in ADF.
Gender Inequality in International Research Engagement Amid Transformation to Global and Neoliberal Academia: The Case of Japan
Authors: Watanabe Megumi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTTo contribute to the theoretical debate on gender inequality in international research and mobility, this study applies Zippel's glass fences framework to explore the lived experiences of female faculty working at a Japanese university. An analysis of the interview data revealed that family care responsibilities and limited research time due to other work duties were two commonly experienced glass fences (i.e., gendered barriers to international research). There was a tendency, particularly among participants with children, to discontinue international research as a way of negotiating the masculine nature of academia and the persistent gender norms in Japanese society regarding women's roles in the family. Considering the structural and cultural constraints of higher education in Japan, this study found a behavioral mechanism among women who renounced mobility and international research activities. Participants' narratives also suggested mechanisms for overcoming such behaviors. Based on these findings, this study discusses cultural specificity in the magnitude of glass fences and the possibility of exacerbating gender inequalities in the context of ongoing internationalization and neoliberal reforms in Japanese higher education.
Investigating the causal and genetic relationship between migraine and Parkinson's disease
Authors: Deng Ming‐Gang , Zhou Xiuxiu , Liu Fang , Wang Kai , Luo Lingli , Zhang Min‐Jie , Feng Qianqian , Liu Jiewei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe relationship between migraine and Parkinson's disease (PD) remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the causal and genetic associations between migraine and PD.MethodsGenetic data for migraine [any migraine (AM), migraine without aura (MO), and migraine with aura (MA)] and PD were sourced from the latest genome‐wide meta‐analyses conducted by the International Headache Genetics Consortium and the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium, respectively. Various analyses were performed to evaluate the potential causal associations and explore genetic correlations between these conditions.ResultsThe analyses indicated that AM (odds ratio [OR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91–1.14; p = 0.785), MO (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.84–1.07; p = 0.358), and MA (OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.95–1.06; p = 0.846) were not significantly associated with the risk of PD. Similarly, reverse analyses also demonstrated no significant causality between PD and the risks of migraine or its subtypes. After adjusting for coronary heart disease, AM (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.90–1.10; p = 0.897), MO (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.86–1.03; p = 0.207), and MA (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.93–1.07; p = 0.902) remained unrelated to PD risk. Likewise, PD was found to be unassociated with AM (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.92–1.02; p = 0.168), MO (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.86–1.05; p = 0.287), and MA (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.93–1.13; p = 0.669). These null findings persisted even when adjusting for hypertension. Apart from above causal inference results, no significant genetic correlation was found between AM (rg = −0.06, p = 0.127), MA (rg = −0.05, p = 0.516), or MO (rg = −0.06, p = 0.492) and PD, and no correlations were observed across specific genomic regions. Additionally, no shared heritability was observed between PD and migraine, or its subtypes, in tissue expression.ConclusionOur study suggests that there is no significant causal association or genetic correlation between migraine and PD from a genetic perspective.
Lenacapavir: Patient and healthcare provider perceptions and the potential role for a twice‐yearly injectable HIV treatment
Authors: Alford Kate , Sidat Shiraaz , Bristowe Katherine , Cicconi Paola , Vera Jamie H. , Cresswell Fiona 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe twice‐yearly, long‐acting lenacapavir (LA LEN) antiretroviral therapy (ART), when combined with an optimised background regimen, provides a subcutaneous injectable treatment option for people with HIV. This study aimed to understand the preferences, barriers and facilitators for uptake and implementation of LA LEN, with a view to informing clinical implementation.MethodsIn‐depth qualitative interviews and focus groups with purposively sampled people with HIV and healthcare workers (HCWs) from UK HIV services were conducted. Transcripts were analysed using summative and conventional content analysis.ResultsThirty‐four people with HIV with varied ART experience were recruited from two HIV services. Participants included 22 (65%) identifying as cisgender men and 12 (35%) identifying as cisgender women; median age was 55 years (range 26–76 years). Fourteen HIV HCWs took part in three focus groups. Four key themes and 12 subthemes were identified: LA LEN as a treatment option; LA LEN versus oral ART; switching considerations; and administration of LA LEN. The majority (88%) of people with HIV were interested in switching to LA LEN if offered. Preference was markedly reduced if an oral ART pairing was required. Convenience of the dosing schedule, reduced pill burden and issues around stigma were reasons for interest in LA LEN, but concerns regarding efficacy, dosing interval windows, monitoring and side effects were described. HCWs felt the benefit of LA LEN was as a treatment option for those with adherence issues, drug resistance and a high pill burden. Broader use of LA LEN raised concerns over drug resistance, delivery capacity and storage.ConclusionsLA LEN was viewed as a preferable treatment choice for many people with HIV, provided an all‐injectable regimen was available. Feasibility assessments for provision of injectable ART and research on its potential for self‐administration are needed.
The Utility of Total Thrombus‐Formation Analysis System (T‐TAS) in the Thrombosis and Hemostasis Field: A Scoping Review
Authors: Mansouritorghabeh H. , Monard A. , Heubel‐Moenen F. , Leentjens J. , Stroobants A. , Henskens Y. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundA wide variety of laboratory hemostasis tests is available, but the majority is plasma‐based, static and unable to assess platelet function and fibrin formation simultaneously. The Total Thrombus‐Formation Analysis System (T‐TAS) is a microchip‐based flow chamber system that simulates in vivo conditions for evaluating whole blood thrombogenicity.AimA comprehensive overview of its applicability in different thrombosis and hemostasis related clinical situations is lacking and therefore this scoping review was performed.Materials & methodsA literature search was done using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and Embase on January 7, 2024. Original studies assessing the usefulness of the T‐TAS in thrombosis and hemostasis related clinical situations were eligible for this scoping review.ResultsA total of 28 studies were included; six studies investigating the role of the T‐TAS in congenital bleeding disorders, five studies using the T‐TAS to assess 1‐year bleeding risk in patients on antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications, four studies investigating the effects of thrombocytopenia and hemodialysis on thrombus formation as measured by the T‐TAS, 11 studies testing the applicability of the T‐TAS in the monitoring of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapies and eventually two studies on the ability of the T‐TAS to assess the thrombogenicity in different disease entities.Discussion & conclusionThe T‐TAS method is an interesting technology that mimics the complex biological coagulation process using shear forces, creating a “blood vessel component on a chip”. More research is needed, but it could eventually function as a screening test for platelet function and coagulation. Moreover, it could be used to detect the presence of anticoagulant and/or antiplatelet medication.
A New Diagnostic Approach for Myelodysplastic Neoplasms Using a Combination of Scores Based on Flow Cytometry and Automated Hematology Sysmex XN Analyzers
Authors: Firrera Ludovic , Podvin Benjamin , Herlem Julien , Magierowicz Marion , Willaume Alexandre , Thibaud Vincent , Charpentier Agnès 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe first‐step in diagnosis of myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) is essentially based on bone marrow cytomorphology. However, cytomorphology of MDS is often a difficult exercise, subject to inter‐operator variability. Our study aims to evaluate whether the combination of two dysplasia scores, the extended Ogata score and the MDS‐CBC score, could improve the screening of MDS patients among patients with chronic cytopenia.MethodsExtended Ogata score and MDS‐CBC score have been measured on a retrospective cohort of 63 patients with a clinical suspicion of MDS based on the presence of cytopenia. Among these patients, 33 patients were diagnosed as MDS (MDS group) and 30 patients were diagnosed with another cause of cytopenia (non‐MDS cytopenic control group).ResultsOur results show excellent performance of the combined scores in predicting MDS when the two scores are concordant: positive predictive value (PPV) = 96% and negative predictive value (NPV) = 92%. In comparison, in the same cohort, extended Ogata score alone showed a PPV = 90% and NPV = 79%, MDS‐CBC score alone showed a PPV = 85% and NPV = 86%.ConclusionFor the first time, our results show that the combination of these two dysplasia scores constitutes a useful and rapid tool for the assessment of dysplasia associated with MDS. In the MDS diagnostic process, the use of combined scores could constitute a valuable tool to enable early strong prediction of MDS in cytopenic patients and to target patients who initially require additional genetic assays.
A Protracted War Against Counterfeits: Navigating Tension Management Under External Pressures on an E‐Commerce Platform
Authors: Hao Bin , Feng Yanan , Kamoche Ken 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines how external pressures drive a platform leader to fight counterfeiting over time. Acknowledging the tension between the illegality and legitimacy of counterfeiting, we find that the fighting effort involves an enduring balance between the two poles of the tension until counterfeits have been sharply reduced. We demonstrate how the management of the tension entails an interactive process in which a platform leader decouples counterfeit fighting actions to pursue legitimacy. We suggest that pressures from external forces predict a process of decoupling and legitimation through which the platform leader promotes ecosystem acceptance and builds a shared understanding of ecosystem purposes, and the endeavours to balance platform quality and activity prompt the platform leader to pursue legitimation which demonstrates the viability of an ecosystem. We show that these processes are accompanied by activating and stabilising the tension, which predicts varied strength and scope of measures and the reduction of counterfeits over time.
Transformation to a Patient Centred Medical Home in an Urban Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service: A Qualitative Study Using Normalisation Process Theory
Authors: Clifford‐Motopi Anton , Gardner Karen , Brown (Nununccal) Renee , White (Palawa Iningai) Antoinette , Harald (Gangalu) Patrice , Butler Danielle , Mathew Saira , Mackenzie Julie , Mills Richard , Eaton Martie 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRationaleThe Patient‐Centred Medical Home (PCMH) is a model of team‐based care that is patient centred, coordinated, accessible, and focused on quality and safety. To learn how this model of healthcare works in an Indigenous primary health care setting in Australia, we explored the experiences of health staff in an urban Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service (ACCHS) transitioning to an adapted model of a PCMH. Normalisation Process Theory (NPT) was applied to better understand factors enabling and inhibiting implementation of the PCMH, and the work required to deliver it.Aims and ObjectivesApplying NPT, we aimed to examine enablers and barriers to implementing a PCMH in an ACCHS setting and identify practical strategies to strengthen its implementation and delivery.MethodsWe employed semi‐structured interviews with 19 health staff in an urban ACCHS to explore mechanisms that inhibit and promote the implementation and delivery of a PCMH in their setting. Interview data were analysed using thematic analysis that mapped codes against NPT constructs (Coherence, Cognitive Participation, Collective Action and Reflexive Appraisal) to generate themes.ResultsFive key themes and 14 sub‐themes related to NPT constructs were identified. Broadly, health staff found the model of the PCMH to be coherent, engaged with others to adapt their roles, and worked collectively to embed new practices. Characteristics and practice norms of the clinic already aligned with the PCMH model were key enablers. Barriers were related to inadequate resourcing and ill‐defined roles. Stronger leadership and support, practical learning resources for staff, workforce mapping to better define staff roles, and training to address gaps in staff skills were strategies identified for strengthening implementation of a PCMH and sustaining its delivery in the ACCHS setting.ConclusionsApplying NPT revealed the characteristics and practice norms of Indigenous community controlled health care as key enablers of implementing a PCMH in an urban ACCHS. Less than optimal resourcing and workforce development emerged as barriers needing to be resolved to strengthen implementation and delivery of a PCMH in this setting.
Key stage of evolution of endemism in Gaoligong Shan after the late Pliocene
Authors: Ye Jun‐Wei , Li De‐Zhu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn the Mountains of Southwest China (MSC), accelerated diversification triggered by mountain uplift and monsoon intensification in the Miocene is widely revealed, but less is known about the stage after the Pliocene. Thus, the tempo‐spatial evolution of the endemism of Gaoligong Shan (GLGS), a young and isolated mountain with the highest biodiversity in the MSC, was determined. Temporal patterns were inferred by the stem ages of the endemic species and spatial patterns were inferred through ancestral area reconstructions and the distributions of the sister taxa. Temporally, the calibrated origin times of 114 phylogenetically well resolved endemic species (75 plants, 33 animals and six fungi) ranged from the early Miocene to the Holecene. Spatially, 82 centric origin species (mean = 3.08 Ma) were significantly younger than 32 eccentric origin species (6.84 Ma). Eccentric origins accumulated smoothly while centric origins burst after the late Pliocene, especially after the Pleistocene (n = 52). In centric origins, most of the sister taxa showed sympatric (n = 47) or allopatric (n = 23) distributions in the GLGS. The eccentric origins were mainly dispersed from the southern lower latitude region (n = 20). Principle component analysis indicated that niche conservatism exerted greater contribution to the speciation of the endemic species. Uplift of the GLGS and monsoon intensification during the late Pliocene accelerated the formation of its endemism. The “Species pump” effect of the Pleistocene climatic fluctuations is further revealed. Speciation triggered by geological isolation by mountain and river barriers through niche conservatism exceeds adaptive evolution.
The association between dream activity and alexithymia during pregnancy: A cross‐sectional study in a sample of pregnant women
Authors: Spinoni Marta , Scarpelli Serena , Di Pasquale Benedetti Ilaria , Med Carlotta , Ciolli Paola , Rech Francesco , De Gennaro Luigi , Grano Caterina 
Published: December 2024

SummaryThe gestational period is a sensitive time marked by significant changes that can affect women's sleep and dreaming processes, with an augmented frequency and recall of dreams suggesting that dreaming represents an adaptive mechanism of emotional regulation. This study investigates the relationship between pregnancy‐related variables, alexithymia, and depressive symptoms in influencing dream characteristics in women during the first trimester of pregnancy. A total of 118 pregnant women were recruited at the Obstetric Outpatient Service of an Italian University Hospital and completed the Mannheim Dream Questionnaire, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale‐20, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Regression analysis, t‐test, and moderation analysis were conducted through Jamovi. Dream recall frequency was predicted by age, parity, and depressive symptoms. Nightmare frequency and lucid dream frequency were significantly predicted by depressive symptoms, while nightmare distress was predicted by an unplanned pregnancy. Alexithymia was linked to higher nightmare frequency and nightmare distress. Moderation analysis revealed that the presence of depressive symptoms predicted increased nightmare frequency only in women with higher levels of alexithymia. These findings highlight the role of emotional regulation in dreaming during pregnancy, particularly among women exhibiting alexithymic traits and depressive symptoms. Nightmare frequency may serve as an indicator of impaired emotional regulation, emphasising the need for targeted interventions to enhance emotional coping strategies in this population. Future research should examine the content of nightmares to further understand their implications for maternal mental health.