bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HDAC inhibitors promote pancreatic stellate cell apoptosis and relieve pancreatic fibrosis by upregulating miR-15/16 in chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Ji Ting , Feng Weiguang , Zhang Xiangcheng , Zang Kui , Zhu Xingxing , Shang Futai 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn chronic pancreatitis, PSCs are activated by proinflammatory cytokines to induce pancreatic fibrogenesis. HDAC inhibition protected against the pancreatic fibrosis and the apoptosis of PSCs through induced apoptosis and depressed inflammation. In our study, we found that miR-15 and miR-16 decreased significantly in chronic pancreatitis and HDAC inhibition could recover the levels of these two miRNAs. HDAC regulated the transcription of miR-15 and miR-16, which then modulate the apoptosis and fibrosis of PSCs. And we proved that Bcl-2 and Smad5 were the target genes of miR-15 and miR-16, which illustrated how HDAC inhibition alleviated the apoptosis and fibrogenesis of PSCs in chronic pancreatitis. These results suggested that HDAC inhibition protects against CP by promoting apoptosis and TGF-β/Smads signaling pathways, and indicated that HDAC inhibition is a potential therapy to alleviate CP patients in clinic, and these need to be explored further.
Natural Products as Potential Leads Against Coronaviruses: Could They be Encouraging Structural Models Against SARS-CoV-2?
Authors: Orhan Ilkay Erdogan , Senol Deniz F. Sezer 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNew coronavirus referred to SARS-CoV-2 has caused a worldwide pandemic (COVID-19) declared by WHO. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease with severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 is akin to SARS-CoV, which was the causative agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002 as well as to that of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012. SARS-CoV-2 has been revealed to belong to Coronaviridiae family as a member of β-coronaviruses. It has a positive-sense single-stranded RNA with the largest RNA genome. Since its genomic sequence has a notable similarity to that of SARS-CoV, antiviral drugs used to treat SARS and MERS are now being also applied for COVID-19 treatment. In order to combat SARS-CoV-2, many drug and vaccine development studies at experimental and clinical levels are currently conducted worldwide. In this sense, medicinal plants and the pure natural molecules isolated from plants have been reported to exhibit significant inhibitory antiviral activity against SARS-CoV and other types of coronaviruses. In the present review, plant extracts and natural molecules with the mentioned activity are discussed in order to give inspiration to researchers to take these molecules into consideration against SARS-CoV-2.
Super Aging in South Korea Unstoppable but Mitigatable: A Sub-National Scale Population Projection for Best Policy Planning
Authors: Kim Kee Whan , Kim Oh Seok 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis research portrays the spatial and temporal progression of super-aging in regions throughout South Korea. Using a single-year population projection considering gross domestic migration, this research identifies which regions will shortly become a super-aged society. A cohort-component method with a migrant pool model is applied. The county-level national population registration data (2000–2018) are aggregated into 37 regions for the model run. In 2020, 16 rural regions will become super-aged societies. By 2029, all 37 regions, including the metropolitan areas, will join the group, with Sejong, the administrative capital, being the last to enter. In brief, the rural areas become super-aged earlier than the metropolitan areas, and within a decade, those 65 years old or older will make up the majority of the national population. Among all the metropolitan areas, Busan, the largest harbor city, will be the first to be super-aged in 2023. Sejong will experience the most radical change between 2020 and 2050. The research outcomes demonstrate that demographic changes in the rural and metropolitan areas are different; hence, the recent population policies, such as promoting fertility, may not work in the rural areas as they have already lost their population momentum due to the extreme and on-going urbanization throughout the nation. The unstoppable aging will pose adverse effects on future citizens (who are mostly senior) both financially and medically. An increase in health care expenditure and a nationwide blood shortage for transfusion are anticipated, for example.
Occurrence of the rare plant Sternbergia colchiciflora in an urban environment
Authors: Molnár V. Attila , Siffer Sándor , Molnár Hanga Anna , Fekete Réka 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we report a remarkable population of the rare plant Sternbergia colchiciflora found along a busy road section in the downtown of county seat Veszprém (W-Hungary). The population contains at least 7000 individuals and spreads across fifteen grassy traffic islands. Regarding the position of individuals, their relative distance from the road/sidewalk within the traffic islands differed significantly from a hypothetical uniform distribution, with higher number of individuals situated close to the island edges than expected by chance. Besides this rare bulbous plant, several other dry grassland specialist plant species were also found in these habitat patches, e.g., Astragalus austriacus, Festuca rupicola, Filipendula vulgaris, Muscari neglectum, Petrorhagia saxifraga, Potentilla arenaria, Ranunculus illyricus, Salvia nemorosa, Sanguisorba minor, Teucrium chamaedrys, Thesium linophyllon, Verbascum phoeniceum and Vinca herbacea. The origin of these dry grassland plants in this highly disturbed urban environment is uncertain; possibly, they were introduced ca. 15 years ago in the course of earthworks during the construction of the road. Recent management (frequent and motorized lawn mowing) seems to favor the Sternbergia colchiciflora, while the habitat is currently not directly threatened. Unfortunately, the potential for local conservation appears to be highly limited.
Critical big data literacy tools—Engaging citizens and promoting empowered internet usage
Authors: Sander Ina 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDatafied societies need informed public debate about the implications of data science technologies. At present, internet users are often unaware of the potential consequences of disclosing personal data online and few citizens have the knowledge to participate in such debates. This paper argues that critical big data literacy efforts are one way to address this lack of knowledge. It draws on findings from a small qualitative investigation and discusses the effectiveness of online critical big data literacy tools. Through pre and post use testing, the short- and longer-term influence of these tools on people’s privacy attitudes and behavior was investigated. The study’s findings suggested that the tools tested had a predominantly positive initial effect, leading to improved critical big data literacy among most participants, which resulted in more privacy-sensitive attitudes and internet usage. When analyzing the tools’ longer-term influence, results were more mixed, with evidence suggesting for some that literacy effects of the tools were short-lived, while for others they led to more persistent and growing literacy. The findings confirm previous research noting the complexity of privacy attitudes and also find that resignation toward privacy is multi-faceted. Overall, this study reaffirms the importance of critical big data literacy and produces new findings about the value of interactive data literacy tools. These tools have been under-researched to date. This research shows that these tools could provide a relevant means to work toward empowering internet users, promoting a critical internet usage and, ideally, enabling more citizens to engage in public debates about changing data systems.
THE CO-DESIGN COGNITIVE PROCESS: IMPACTS OF A SPATIAL AUGMENTED REALITY PLATFORM
Authors: Poulin M. , Masclet C. , Boujut J.-F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe study of design cognitive activity began in the 70s under the influence of psychology and ergonomics. Since then, the design process has undergone many changes with the advent of technology. This paper will notably present you to one of them: the Spatial Augmented Reality (SAR). The study conducted with this technology will focus on multimodal analysis in co-design meetings were we have compared two co-design sessions. We notice that the design activity is unchanged by the introduction of such a technology but could encourage interactions from clients who are usually less invested.
GENERATIVE BOUNDARY OBJECTS AS INTEGRAL PARTS OF FRAMING IN DESIGN AND BIOSCIENCE COLLABORATIONS
Authors: Välk S. , Mougenot C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCollaborations between design engineers and bioscientists offer novel opportunities that could help solving some of the biggest challenges organisations and societies are facing. Combining design and bioscience has the potential to create responsible and desirable products/services, however such ventures come with challenges rising from boundaries between practices. This research explores boundary objects as sources of framing in multidisciplinary collaborations. The results are based on a descriptive study with synthetic biologists and design engineers working on an innovation-driven task.
AN APPROACH FOR TOPOLOGY OPTIMIZATION-DRIVEN DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
Authors: Nordin A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper describes an approach for designing lightweight components produced through additive manufacturing (AM). Lightweight design is often done through topology optimization (TO). However, the process of manually interpreting mesh-based and imprecise results from a TO into a geometry that fulfils all requirements is complex. To aid in this process, this paper suggest an approach based on combining overhang-constrained TO with lattice-based TO to automate complex tasks, retain parametric control, and to minimize manufacturing cost. The approach is validated through a benchmark part.
INTRODUCTION AND INVESTIGATION OF A METHOD FOR THE SYNTHESIS AND SELECTION OF HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE DRIVETRAIN DESIGN IN THE EARLY STAGE OF PRODUCT GENERATION ENGINEERING (PGE)
Authors: Albers A. , Ruoff S. , Bause K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a method is presented, that supports the developer in the development of hybrid electrical vehicle drivetrains. The developer gets support in the early stage of product generation engineering, beginning with the definition of the system of objectives, via the automated synthesis and investigation of the drivetrain topologies, ending with a topology ranking, which is related to the system of objectives, and a similarity analysis. As the method is implemented in a tool, the results of the tool and its usability are investigated within two comprehensive descriptive studies.
MODELING DESIGN STUDIO PEDAGOGY: A MENTORED REFLECTIVE PRACTICE
Authors: Milovanovic J. , Gero J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper explores the notion of mentored reflective practice to describe design studio pedagogy. Students learn how to design by doing design in the studio. Design critiques are a key element in design studio pedagogy as they capture a moment where students get feedback from their tutors on their designs. The research questions addressed concern the roles of each participant during design studio reviews and their interactions with design representations. The protocol analysis methodology and the Function Behavior Structure ontology are utilized to convey our case study analysis.
THE KARAKURI CARD DECK: CO-DESIGNING INDUSTRIAL IOT CONCEPTUAL SOLUTIONS
Authors: Aranda Muñoz Á. , Florin U. , Eriksson Y. , Yamamoto Y. , Sandström K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNovel IoT market solutions and research promise IoT modules that do not require programming or electrical setup, yet shop floor personnel need to face problem solving activities to create technical solutions. This paper introduces the Karakuri card deck and presents a case study composed of four workshop sessions in four manufacturing settings, where shop floor personnel tested the cards as a means of ideating and presenting conceptual IoT solutions in the form of diagrams. The results indicate the validity of the proposed conceptual solutions and suggest prototyping as a next step.
DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOR: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF A DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH
Authors: Montecchi T. , Becattini N. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe article stems from the main informative gaps of Design for Sustainable Behaviour and discusses the paramount role of a data-driven approach to inform design. The article stresses how quantitative data can address global sustainability, determine behaviours to modify, measure the impact of new learned sustainable behaviours as well as support the definition of behaviour change strategies, widening the spatial and temporal scales to communities and longitudinal studies and reducing unpredictable biases coming from tacit knowledge externalization and interpretation.
DESIGNING FOR SUSTAINABLE BEHAVIOUR PRACTICES IN CONSUMERS: A CASE STUDY ON COMPOSTABLE MATERIALS FOR PACKAGING
Authors: Santi R. , Elegir G. , Del Curto B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhen assessing the sustainability of a product, an ideal life cycle is considered which could include the “Use” and “End of Life” phases. Does human behaviour affect the environmental sustainability? This paper intends to propose a methodological framework for assessing sustainable behavioural scenarios. The framework will be then developed in a specific case study on Compostable Single Use Products (CSUPs), with the aim of designing the identity of compostable materials for packaging in order to guide consumers to behave in a sustainable way in CSUPs disposal phase.
REVIEW OF DESIGN RESEARCH FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA: A DESIGN SCIENCE PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Barlow T. W. , Greene M. T. , Papalambros P. Y. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe design community can contribute significantly to the success of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals in Africa. Currently, alignment of the design research community on sustainable development goals in Africa is not well understood. In this paper, we review relevant literature and identify trends in research topics studied and in patterns of collaboration between researchers. We find differences in topic representation and collaboration trends between African-based and non-African based researchers. Understanding these differences better will be important for future research.
NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE IN IDEA GENERATION: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DESIGNERS AND ENGINEERS
Authors: Colombo S. , Mazza A. , Montagna F. , Ricci R. , Dal Monte O. , Cantamessa M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe paper describes the rigorous implementation of a validated methodological experimental protocol to divergent and convergent thinking tasks occurring in Design by neurophysiological means (EEG and eye-tracking). EEG evidence confirms the findings coherently to the literature. Interesting is the confirmation of such results through eye-tracking ones, and further evidence emerged. In particular, neurophysiological results in idea generation differ between designers and engineers. This study was supported by a multidisciplinary team, both for the neuropsychological and data analysis aspects.
QUANTIFYING THE UNCERTAINTY OF SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SOFT COSTS IN THE “COST OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SPREADSHEET TOOL” (CREST) MODEL
Authors: Syal S. M. , MacDonald E. F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhile solar photovoltaics are projected to grow, major financial barriers exist that impede installation. Soft costs (human-driven costs) can account for over half of total project costs and are often simplified in typical models. We use the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's “Cost of Renewable Energy Spreadsheet Tool” to quantify uncertainty of three soft cost inputs and their influence on the output cost of energy using variance-based sensitivity indices. We then suggest how the development process and model can be redesigned to represent the complexities of this socio-technical system.
COST OPTIMIZATION OF PRODUCT FAMILIES USING SOLUTION SPACES
Authors: Rötzer S. , Thoma D. , Zimmermann M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMaximizing the number of shared components does not always produce cost-optimal product families. Shared components can yield economies of scale due to reuse of components, but also increases material cost due to over dimensioning. In this paper, we present an approach to identify a cost-optimal design for product families. It consists of two steps: (1) identifying a scheme to share components in the product family and (2) finding the cost optimal design for the product family.
USING CROWDFUNDING AS PART OF THE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
Authors: Forbes H. , Han J. , Schaefer D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCrowdfunding is the process of taking a project in need of investment and asking a large group of people to supply the investment. It allows organisations to sell their product before production, reducing the risk of new product development. Organisations such as Tesla and General Electric have used crowdfunding successfully but crowdfunding is yet to be explored as part of a formalised product development framework. This paper includes the business case for commercialising new products with crowdfunding and presents crowdfunding as part of a product development and commercialisation framework.
IDENTIFYING REASONS FOR A LACK OF METHOD APPLICATION IN ENGINEERING DESIGN PRACTICE – AN INTERVIEW STUDY
Authors: Eisenmann M. , Matthiesen S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDesign methods are seldom used in engineering design practice. The presented study aims at finding the alternative strategies for situations with a need for methodological support. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten experienced design engineers to identify causes of and strategies for those situations. Three strategy clusters could be identified: generating information, experience and method application. As the individual's and the team's experience compete with the application of methods, they are seen as reasons for a lack of method application.
INTRODUCING A TOOL TO SUPPORT REFLECTION THROUGH SKETCHING AND PROTOTYPING DURING THE DESIGN PROCESS
Authors: Jobst B. , Thoring K. , Badke-Schaub P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSketching and prototyping are parts of a ‘reflective conversation with materials of a design situation’ (Schön, 1992). To support this conversation, we developed a reflective tool -the Reflection Canvas- that facilitates reflection activities through sketching and prototyping on the one hand and verbalisation on the other. We introduced the reflective tool to design students. Based on observation and answers from a questionnaire data reveal that guided reflection structured the process in a helpful way. It also turned out students had difficulties to switch from visualisation to verbalisation.
REVERSE-ARCHITECTING APPROACH FOR SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE MODELS
Authors: Pluhnau R. , Kunnen S. G. , Adamenko D. , Nagarajah A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFor an efficient product family development an abstraction of concrete product variants is necessary in order to recognize and systematically describe characteristic properties of a variant. System architecture models represent a possibility for the systematic description of the product variety. The structure of architecture models for existing product families resembles a reverse engineering process, in which products have to be analyzed on their structures. This paper describes a reverse engineering approach for building up system architecture models as basis for developing product families.
EFFICIENT DATA GATHERING IN SUPPORT OF DESIGN ISSUE RESOLUTION IN AN AUTOMOTIVE COMPANY
Authors: Sissoko T. M. , Jankovic M. , Paredis C. J. J. , Landel E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhen designing complex systems, multiple people contribute to the process of information collection in support of decision making. In this paper, we study information collection in the Issue Resolution Decision Support (IRDS) framework. We assess the difficulties associated with uncertainty in the often scarce data when implementing the framework in a company and map out how the data sources are scattered across the organization. We study the elicitation process and propose to leverage sensitivity analysis to better allocate data collection efforts.
SUPPORTING THE MODELLING IN MBSE BY APPLYING PRODUCT GENERATION ENGINEERING USING ELECTRONIC COMPACT ACTUATORS AS AN EXAMPLE
Authors: Wäschle M. , Martin A. , Radimersky A. , Behrendt M. , Albers A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe development of a new motor can be a high effort. In this paper, Model-based Systems Engineering (MBSE) is applied to model the second generation of an electronic compact actuator (ECA). This paper focuses on the traceability between model elements from previous product generations. By integrating the approach of the PGE - Product Generation Engineering in MBSE, developers can store more relevant information in the model; they can accomplish automatic calculations of derived factors and build models more efficiently in further product developments.
CUSTOMER SPECIFIC COMPATIBILITY MATRICES FOR FUNCTIONAL INTEGRAL PRODUCT ARCHITECTURES
Authors: Siebrecht J. , Jacobs G. , Konrad C. , Wyrwich C. , Schäfer W. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSupplier of system components face the challenge of customer requirements influencing the property level functional integral product architectures. For this, solution approaches focusing on the re-use of pre-engineered part variants are not applicable. However, to generate a valid product structure, customer-specific properties have to fit modelled product knowledge. Therefore, the approach models a reference class structure and analysis compatibilities on the property level for customer specific inputs concerning explicit product knowledge and constraints.
A NOVEL PROCEDURE MODEL FOR DEVELOPING INDIVIDUALIZED DIGITALIZATION STRATEGIES
Authors: Pfenning P. , Eigner M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMany companies face a challenge while defining their individualized digitalization strategy. Therefore, the interrelation of corporate and digitalization strategy is addressed and a novel procedure model to assist companies in defining their strategy is introduced. Based on their corporate strategy, the introduced model allows companies to simply identify suitable business model patterns, digitization use cases and offers a possibility to asses the maturity level of their internal processes and evaluate the added value from an economic point of view.
IDENTIFICATION OF TECHNOLOGY INTEGRATION CHALLENGES AT TWO GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE OEMS
Authors: Alonso Fernández I. , Panarotto M. , Isaksson O. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPlatform design has been firmly established in the automotive industry as a strategy to provide wider product variety while maintaining cost effective production. But this strategy can struggle to keep up with the pace and nature of emerging technologies. This paper reviews the existing approaches to modelling product platforms, and showcases the challenges at OEMs introducing new technological innovations in their platforms. A gap is identified in the methods to assess the ability of existing platforms to integrate new technologies whenever they become available.
NEW DESIGN HEURISTICS IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Authors: Jin X. , Dong H. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the digital era, products’ forms do not necessarily follow their function. Design fixation may happen when a designer attempts to generate diverse concepts. New design heuristics for digital design were extracted to support designers in the early conceptual design stage. Ten design heuristics were extracted from 998 RedDot award-winning concept designs (2013-2017) through a five-step process. It was preliminarily tested by four practitioners and proved to have positively influenced their conceptual design.