bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of flash glucose monitoring for post-bariatric hypoglycaemia diagnosis and management
Authors: Lobato Carolina B. , Pereira Sofia S. , Guimarães Marta , Morais Tiago , Oliveira Pedro , de Carvalho Jorge P. M. , Nora Mário , Monteiro Mariana P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOur aim was to assess the potential of flash glucose monitoring (FGM) for diagnostic workup of suspected post-bariatric hypoglycaemia (PBH). Patients (N = 13) with suspected PBH underwent a food and symptoms diary (FSD) record along with FGM over 14 days. Targeted data analysis confirmed the occurrence of low glucose events in parallel to meal-triggered symptoms. Glycaemic variability, as assessed by Mean Absolute Glucose change (MAG change), was increased, while a higher risk of glycaemic excursions towards both hyper and hypoglycaemia (ADRRFGMGT) was observed in those with more frequent and severe hypoglycaemia. The herein described hypoglycaemia risk index (LBGIFGMGT) with a cut-off value of 4.6 showed to have 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity for PBH. This pilot proof-of-concept study highlighted that FSD coupled with FGM followed by targeted data analysis, provides relevant insights towards PBH diagnosis and grading in a user-friendly and easy to implement study protocol. Furthermore, LBGIFGMGT demonstrated to be an excellent index for PBH diagnosis. The unexpected improvement of glucose profile noticed along the monitoring time also unravels a possible application for PBH management.
Carbon-based ruthenium nanomaterial-based electroanalytical sensors for the detection of anticancer drug Idarubicin
Authors: Kaya S. Irem , Kurbanoglu Sevinc , Yavuz Ejmer , Demiroglu Mustafov Sibel , Sen Fatih , Ozkan Sibel A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, a novel nanosensing platform was suggested based on ruthenium for the sensitive determination of Idarubicin anticancer drugs. Ruthenium/Vulcan carbon-based nanoparticles were synthesized ultrasonication method and then characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mean particle size of the nanoparticles calculated by the TEM analysis was found to be 1.98 nm ± 0.29 nm, and the Ru nanoparticles were mostly dispersed on the support material. Glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface was modified with Ruthenium/Vulcan carbon-based nanomaterials (Ru@VC), and characterization of the nanosensor was performed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values were found as 9.25 × 10–9 M and 2.8 × 10–8 M in buffer samples. To demonstrate the applicability and validity of developed nanosensor, it was used for the determination of Idarubicin in Idamen®IV (10 mg/10 mL vial) and human serum sample. The results of recovery studies showed that the Ru@VC/GCE nanosensor was free from excipient interferences in the dosage forms of injection, and it can be successfully applied to biological samples.
Role of the activation peptide in the mechanism of protein C activation
Authors: Stojanovski Bosko M. , Pelc Leslie A. , Di Cera Enrico 
Published: July 2020

AbstractProtein C is a natural anticoagulant activated by thrombin in a reaction accelerated by the cofactor thrombomodulin. The zymogen to protease conversion of protein C involves removal of a short activation peptide that, relative to the analogous sequence present in other vitamin K-dependent proteins, contains a disproportionately high number of acidic residues. Through a combination of bioinformatic, mutagenesis and kinetic approaches we demonstrate that the peculiar clustering of acidic residues increases the intrinsic disorder propensity of the activation peptide and adversely affects the rate of activation. Charge neutralization of the acidic residues in the activation peptide through Ala mutagenesis results in a mutant activated by thrombin significantly faster than wild type. Importantly, the mutant is also activated effectively by other coagulation factors, suggesting that the acidic cluster serves a protective role against unwanted proteolysis by endogenous proteases. We have also identified an important H-bond between residues T176 and Y226 that is critical to transduce the inhibitory effect of Ca2+ and the stimulatory effect of thrombomodulin on the rate of zymogen activation. These findings offer new insights on the role of the activation peptide in the function of protein C.
Effect of network topology and node centrality on trading
Authors: Cardoso Felipe Maciel , Gracia-Lázaro Carlos , Moisan Frederic , Goyal Sanjeev , Sánchez Ángel , Moreno Yamir 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGlobal supply networks in agriculture, manufacturing, and services are a defining feature of the modern world. The efficiency and the distribution of surpluses across different parts of these networks depend on the choices of intermediaries. This paper conducts price formation experiments with human subjects located in large complex networks to develop a better understanding of the principles governing behavior. Our first experimental finding is that prices are larger and that trade is significantly less efficient in small-world networks as compared to random networks. Our second experimental finding is that location within a network is not an important determinant of pricing. An examination of the price dynamics suggests that traders on cheapest—and hence active—paths raise prices while those off these paths lower them. We construct an agent-based model (ABM) that embodies this rule of thumb. Simulations of this ABM yield macroscopic patterns consistent with the experimental findings. Finally, we extrapolate the ABM on to significantly larger random and small-world networks and find that network topology remains a key determinant of pricing and efficiency.
Dynamics of the lung microbiome in intensive care patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Huang Wei-Chang , Wu Ming-Feng , Huang Chen-Cheng , Liu Sin-Yin , Chen Hui-Chen , Chen Yih-Yuan , Hsu Jeng-Yuan , Huang Chieh-Chen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLittle is known about the composition and clinical implications of lung microbiome in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and community-acquired pneumonia requiring invasive mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit admission. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the longitudinal changes in microbial airway composition and its variations between COPD patients with different weaning outcomes. Fifty-one endotracheal aspirate samples from 21 participants and 5 saline samples were collected as the patient and control group, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed significant increases and upward trends in the relative abundance of the Acinetobacter genus and Acinetobacter baumannii complex species in paired comparisons of sampling points and over time, respectively, in patients with failed weaning (p for trend = 0.012 and 0.012, respectively) but not in those with successful weaning (p for trend = 0.335 and 0.426, respectively). Furthermore, significant changes in the composition of the bacterial community were observed in paired comparisons of sampling points in patients with failed weaning compared with those with successful weaning. The alpha diversity did not differ between the patients with different weaning outcomes. These results further the understanding of longitudinal airway microbiome structure analysis and its clinical implications when managing critically ill patients with and without COPD.
From the butterfly effect to spontaneous stochasticity in singular shear flows
Authors: Thalabard Simon , Bec Jérémie , Mailybaev Alexei A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe butterfly effect is today commonly identified with the sensitive dependence of deterministic chaotic systems upon initial conditions. However, this is only one facet of the notion of unpredictability pioneered by Lorenz, who actually predicted that multiscale fluid flows could spontaneously lose their deterministic nature and become intrinsically random. This effect, which is radically different from chaos, have remained out of reach for detailed physical observations. Here we show that this scenario is inherent to the elementary Kelvin–Helmholtz hydrodynamical instability of an initially singular shear layer. We moreover provide evidence that the resulting macroscopic flow displays universal statistical properties that are triggered by, but independent of specific physical properties at micro-scales. This spontaneous stochasticity is interpreted as an Eulerian counterpart to Richardson’s relative dispersion of Lagrangian particles, giving substance to the intrinsic nature of randomness in turbulence.
Concentrated growth factor inhibits UVA-induced photoaging in human dermal fibroblasts via the MAPK/AP-1 pathway
Authors: Zhang Meng , Zhang Tai , Tang Yanan , Ren Guiyun , Zhang Yanning , Ren Xiangyu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced photoaging is one of the contributors to skin aging. UV light triggers oxidative stress, producing a large number of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and degrading the extracellular matrix in skin cells, thereby causing a series of photoaging symptoms. Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is a leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin biomaterial that plays a protective role in the occurrence and development of skin photoaging. In the present study, we investigated the underlying mechanism of CGF in the UVA-induced photoaging of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). A primary culture of HDFs was isolated from normal human facial skin. The cells were treated with CGF following UVA radiation. Proliferation of cells was detected using MTT assay, followed by measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using immunofluorescence assay and flow cytometry. The mRNA and protein expression levels of P38, c-Jun, and MMP-1 were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot, respectively. CGF was found to improve cell viability by inhibiting the production of ROS and reducing oxidative damage. In addition, there was lower expression of p38 and c-Jun at the mRNA and protein levels following CGF treatment, thus resulting in the inhibition of MMP-1 expression. Our results suggest that CGF could protect HDFs against UVA-induced photoaging by blocking the P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/activated protein-1 (P38MAPK/AP-1) signaling pathway. These findings provide a new clinical strategy for the prevention of skin photoaging.
Association between vitamin D receptorBsmI, FokI, andCdx2polymorphisms and osteoporosis risk: an updated meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Bin , Zhu Wang-fa , Mu Yi-yang , Liu Biao , Li Hong-zhuo , He Xiao-feng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground: Many studies have reported the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism and osteoporosis risk. However, their results were conflicting. Six previous meta-analyses have been published to analyze VDR BsmI, FokI, and Cdx2 polymorphisms on osteoporosis risk. However, they did not evaluate the reliability of statistically significant associations. Furthermore, a lot of new articles have been published on these themes, and therefore an updated meta-analysis was performed to further explore these issues.Objectives: To explore the association between VDR BsmI, FokI, and Cdx2 polymorphisms polymorphisms and osteoporosis risk.Methods: The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were pooled to evaluate the association between VDR BsmI, FokI, and Cdx2 polymorphisms and osteoporosis risk. To evaluate the credibility of statistically significant associations, we applied the false-positive report probabilities (FPRPs) test and the Venice criteria.Results: Overall, statistically significantly increased osteoporosis risk was found in Indians and women for VDR FokI polymorphism. Statistically significantly decreased osteoporosis risk was found in West Asians for VDR BsmI polymorphism. However, when we performed a sensitivity analysis after excluding low quality and Hardy–Weinberg Disequilibrium (HWD) studies, significantly decreased osteoporosis risk was only found in overall population for VDR BsmI polymorphism. Further, less-credible positive results were identified when we evaluated the credibility of positive results.Conclusion: These positive findings should be interpreted with caution and indicate that significant association may most likely result from less-credible, rather than from true associations or biological factors on the VDR BsmI and FokI polymorphisms with osteoporosis risk.
Utility of Acoustic Change Complex as an Objective Tool to Evaluate Difference Limen for Intensity in Cochlear Hearing Loss and Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Kumar Prawin , Sanju Himanshu Kumar , Hussain Reesha Oovattil , Kaverappa Ganapathy Mechiyanda , Singh Niraj Kumar 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate usefulness of acoustic change complex (ACC) as an objective measure of difference limen for intensity (DLI) in auditory neuropathy spectrum disorders (ANSD) and cochlear hearing loss (CHL).MethodThe study used a multiple static group comparison research design. Twenty normal-hearing individuals (NH), 19 individuals with ANSD, and 23 individuals with CHL underwent DLI measurement using behavioral (psychoacoustic) techniques and ACC. For eliciting ACC, a 500-ms, 1,000-Hz pure tone was presented at 80 dB SPL. Additionally, six variants of this stimulus with intensity increments of 1, 3, 4, 5, 10, and 20 dB starting 250 ms after stimulus onset were used to elicit the ACC.ResultsThe lowest intensity change that produced replicable and clearly identifiable ACC was referred as objective DLI. In comparison to NH and CHL, the behavioral as well as the objective DLI were significantly larger (poorer) in ANSD (p< .05). Significantly strong positive correlation existed between DLI obtained using behavioral and objective measures (p< .05).ConclusionsACC could be a useful objective tool to measure DLI in the clinical population, provided the individuals of the clinical population fulfill the prerequisite of the presence of Auditory Long Latency Responses.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12560132
Trends in Clinical Practice Research in ASHA Journals: 2008–2018
Authors: Roberts Megan Y. , Sone Bailey J. , Zanzinger Katherine E. , Bloem Marie E. , Kulba Kara , Schaff Allyson , Davis Kelly C. , Reisfeld Nicole , Goldstein Howard 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Despite the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's (ASHA's) endorsement of evidence-based practice (EBP) and speech-language pathologists' (SLPs') agreement on the importance of EBP, practicing clinicians report barriers to implementing EBP. The purpose of this study was to examine trends in clinical practice research published in ASHA journals over the past 11 years (2008–2018).

Method

A total of 2,483 articles from the
American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
;
Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools
;
and Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research
were extracted for coding. Coders were licensed SLPs who were trained to 80% reliability on classifying the type of research in each article. Clinical practice research articles were further classified as studies on assessment, studies on intervention, and studies that explore the implementation of EBP.

Results
Clinical practice research comprised the minority of literature published in ASHA journals in the field of speech-language pathology (25%). These articles were composed of assessment (10%), intervention (15%), and implementation (< 1%). These articles were distributed across a variety of primary content areas, with an absence of implementation science for the majority of clinical areas.

Conclusions
The lack of clinical practice research readily available to practicing SLPs is a barrier to EBP. The results of this study underscore the need for increased clinical practice research. Future work should investigate EBP in the context of clinician–researcher partnerships and increasing the capacity of clinicians to conduct clinical practice research.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12550928
Identifying Verbal Short-Term Memory and Working Memory Impairments in Individuals With Latent Aphasia
Authors: Silkes JoAnn P. , Zimmerman Reva M. , Greenspan Wendy , Reinert Laura , Kendall Diane , Martin Nadine 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This study was undertaken to explore whether measures of verbal short-term memory and working memory are sensitive to impairments in people with latent aphasia, who score within normal limits on typical aphasia test batteries.

Method
Seven individuals with latent aphasia and 24 neurotypical control participants completed 40 tasks from the Temple Assessment of Language and Short-term Memory in Aphasia (TALSA) that assess various aspects of verbal short-term memory, working memory, and language processing. Subtests were identified that differentiated between the two groups of participants.

Results
Twenty-one TALSA tasks were identified on which the participants with latent aphasia had significantly different performance than the typical control participants. All of these subtests engaged verbal short-term memory, and some involved working memory as well. Furthermore, the TALSA detected individual differences in linguistic profiles among participants with latent aphasia.

Conclusions
People with latent aphasia may be identified by tests that tap verbal short-term memory and working memory. In addition, the TALSA was found to be sensitive to the heterogeneity of this population. Further development of these measures will improve identification and treatment of this challenging population.
Effects of Phonomotor Therapy and Semantic Feature Analysis on Discourse Production
Authors: Silkes JoAnn P. , Fergadiotis Gerasimos , Graue Kasey , Kendall Diane L. 
Published: July 2020

Background
Anomia treatments typically focus on single word retrieval, although the ultimate goal of treatment is to improve functional communication at the level of discourse in daily situations.

Aims
The focus of this study was to investigate the impact of two effective anomia treatments on discourse production as measured by a story retell task.

Method and Procedure
Fifty-seven people with aphasia were randomized to receive either a phoneme-based treatment, Phonomotor Therapy (PMT; 28 participants), or a lexical–semantic treatment, Semantic Feature Analysis (SFA; 29 participants). Groups were matched for age, aphasia severity, education, and years post onset. All received 56–60 hr of treatment in a massed treatment schedule. Therapy was delivered for a total of 8–10 hr/week over the course of 6–7 weeks. All participants completed testing 1 week prior to treatment (A1), immediately following treatment (A2), and again 3 months later (A3). Discourse was analyzed through the percentage of correct information units at each time point.

Outcomes and Results
Both groups showed nonsignificant improvements from pretreatment to immediately posttreatment. The PMT group showed significant improvement 3 months posttreatment, while the SFA group returned to near-baseline levels.

Conclusion
These results add to our understanding of the effects of both PMT and SFA. Future research should address understanding variability in discourse outcomes across studies and the effects of aphasia severity and individual participant and treatment factors on treatment outcomes for both of these approaches.
Interplay between magnetic fields and differential rotation in a stably stratified stellar radiative zone
Authors: Jouve L. , Lignières F. , Gaurat M. 
Published: July 2020

Context. The interactions between magnetic fields and differential rotation in stellar radiative interiors could play a major role in achieving an understanding of the magnetism of intermediate-mass and massive stars and of the differential rotation profile observed in red-giant stars.
Aims. The present study is aimed at studying the flow and field produced by a stellar radiative zone which is initially made to rotate differentially in the presence of a large-scale poloidal magnetic field threading the whole domain. We focus both on the axisymmetric configurations produced by the initial winding-up of the magnetic field lines and on the possible instabilities of those configurations. We investigate in detail the effects of the stable stratification and thermal diffusion and we aim, in particular, to assess the role of the stratification at stabilising the system.
Methods. We performed 2D and 3D global Boussinesq numerical simulations started from an initial radial or cylindrical differential rotation and a large-scale poloidal magnetic field. Under the conditions of a large rotation frequency compared to the Alfvén frequency, we built a magnetic configuration strongly dominated by its toroidal component. We then perturbed this configuration to observe the development of non-axisymmetric instabilities.
Results. The parameters of the simulations were chosen to respect the ordering of time scales of a typical stellar radiative zone. In this framework, the axisymmetric evolution is studied by varying the relative effects of the thermal diffusion, the Brunt-Väisälä frequency, the rotation, and the initial poloidal field strength. After a transient time and using a suitable adimensionalisation, we find that the axisymmetric state only depends on tes/tAp the ratio between the Eddington–Sweet circulation time scale and the Alfvén time scale. A scale analysis of the Boussinesq magnetohydrodynamical equations allows us to recover this result. In the cylindrical case, a magneto-rotational instability develops when the thermal diffusivity is sufficiently high to enable the favored wavenumbers to be insensitive to the effects of the stable stratification. In the radial case, the magneto-rotational instability is driven by the latitudinal shear created by the back-reaction of the Lorentz force on the flow. Increasing the level of stratification then leaves the growth rate of the instability mainly unaffected while its horizontal length scale grows.
Conclusions. Non-axisymmetric instabilities are likely to exist in stellar radiative zones despite the stable stratification. They could be at the origin of the magnetic dichotomy observed in intermediate-mass and massive stars. They are also unavoidable candidates for the transport of angular momentum in red giant stars.
Breakdown curves of CH2(+), CH3(+), and CH4(+) molecules
Authors: Chabot M. , IdBarkach T. , Béroff K. , Le Petit F. , Wakelam V. 
Published: July 2020

Aims. The aim of this work is to provide semi-empirical branching ratios (BRs) for the kinetic databases used in astrochemistry, such as the KInetic Database for Astrochemistry (KIDA). Our work focuses on the CHy(+) species (y = 2–4) excited by cosmic rays (CR), electrons, and photons (UV), or the intermediate excited complexes CHy(+) resulting from chemical reactions. It also intends to test the sensitivity of benchmark calculations to those new physical inputs in cold quiescent clouds and in photo-dissociation regions (PDRs).
Methods. We constructed semi-empirical breakdown curves (BDCs) based on the collision of CHy+ (y = 2–4) projectiles of constant velocity (250 keV uma−1) with He atoms as explained in a previous paper, where BRs for UV, CR, and electronic processing were also derived. The same BDCs were applied to predict BRs for chemical reactions (bi-molecular neutral and ionic reactions, charge exchange). The effect of the new BRs on the chemical composition of cold dark clouds was tested using the time-dependent Nautilus gas-grain model. The same effect on the chemical composition of PDRs was tested using the Meudon PDR code.
Results. Branching ratio predictions of the model are found to be in good agreement with available BR measurements for charge exchange reactions and the reaction between C and H3+. The chemistry for both cold clouds and PDRs is found to be not strongly affected by this update of BRs.