bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐Range Chiral Induction by a Fully Noncovalent Approach in Supramolecular Porphyrin–Calixarene Assemblies
Authors: Gaeta Massimiliano , Sortino Giuseppe , Randazzo Rosalba , Pisagatti Ilenia , Notti Anna , Fragalà Maria Elena , Parisi Melchiorre F. , D'Urso Alessandro , Purrello Roberto 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe hierarchical assembly, in aqueous solution, of a new multi‐metalloporphyrin/calixarene aggregate has been accomplished. In this supramolecular system transfer of chirality, from the outermost components to the central porphyrin reporter, takes place as a result of favorable and fully noncovalent long‐range electronic communication.
Manipulating Slow Magnetic Relaxation by Light in a Charge Transfer {Fe2Co} Complex
Authors: Li Junqiu , Wu Shuqi , Su Shengqun , Kanegawa Shinji , Sato Osamu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSome cyanide‐bridged complexes are known for exhibiting slow magnetic relaxation behavior in a light‐induced metastable state. Herein, an unexpected reverse effect is observed for the first time in the S=
{FeIILS‐CoIIILS‐FeIIILS} (HS=high spin, LS=low spin) ground state of a novel V‐shaped trinuclear cyanide‐bridged {Fe2Co} complex. In this complex, light‐switchable iron‐cobalt charge transfer with repeatable off/on switching of slow magnetic relaxation is discovered upon alternating laser irradiation at 785 and 560 nm. An important characteristic of the present compound is that the S=
ground state exhibits slow magnetic relaxation before irradiation, whereas this is accelerated after irradiation. This is different from the typical behavior, where the light‐induced metastable state exhibits slow magnetic relaxation.
Evaluating the Solvent Stark Effect from Temperature‐Dependent Solvatochromic Shifts of Anthracene
Authors: Janz Timais , Güterbock Manuel , Müller Fabian , Quick Martin , Ioffe Ilya N. , Bischoff Florian A. , Kovalenko Sergey A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe solvent Stark effect on the spectral shifts of anthracene is studied with temperature‐dependent solvatochromic measurements. The Stark contribution ΔvStark to the absorption shift Δvp in polar solvents is measured to be ΔvStark=(53±35) cm−1, in reasonable agreement with dielectric continuum theory estimate of 28 cm−1, whereas the major shift Δvp∼300 cm−1 presumably originates from the solute quadrupole. We pay attention to the accurate correction of Δvp for the nonpolar contribution that is crucial when the shifts are modest in magnitude.
Trust‐based secure routing and the prevention of vampire attack in wireless ad hoc sensor network
Authors: Isaac Sajan R. , Jasper J. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThe recent development in technologies is the driving force for development in sensors, especially in military applications. Due to the openness nature of the ad hoc sensor network, the system gets easily affected, which may lead to some packet drop, transmission delay, high network overhead, and more energy consumption. In this paper, the security during data transmission is provided to the network by using the proposed Secure Atom Search Routing (SASR) algorithm, which is adopted from the behavior of molecular dynamics. For global optimization problems, this algorithm provides an effective solution based on the constraint and interaction force of atoms. Moreover, the performance of SASR is improved by providing a proper balance between exploitation and exploration. Since the knowledge base processes all the data, the computational complexity is reduced and the lifetime of the network is increased. The simulation and performance are carried out for the proposed Knowledge and Intrusion Detection based Secure Atom Search Routing (KID‐SASR) protocol and is compared with the existing methods based on the metrics trust, delay, throughput, energy, packet delivery ratio, network lifetime, trust detection rate, and communication cost. The results obtained show improvement in the overall performance of the system.
Legacy forest structure increases bird diversity and abundance in aging young forests
Authors: Hanle Juliana , Duguid Marlyse C. , Ashton Mark S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMany studies have demonstrated the importance of early‐successional forest habitat for breeding bird abundance, composition, and diversity. However, very few studies directly link measures of bird diversity, composition and abundance to measures of forest composition, and structure and their dynamic change over early succession. This study examines the relationships between breeding bird community composition and forest structure in regenerating broadleaf forests of southern New England, USA, separating the influences of ecological succession from retained stand structure. We conducted bird point counts and vegetation surveys across a chronosequence of forest stands that originated between 2 and 24 years previously in shelterwood timber harvests, a silvicultural method of regenerating oak‐mixed broadleaf forests. We distinguish between vegetation variables that relate to condition of forest regeneration and those that reflect legacy stand structure. Using principal components analyses, we confirmed the distinction between regeneration and legacy vegetation variables. We ran regression analysis to test for relationships between bird community variables, including nesting and foraging functional guild abundances, and vegetation variables. We confirmed these relationships with hierarchical partitioning. Our results demonstrate that regenerating and legacy vegetation correlate with bird community variables across stand phases and that the strength with which they drive bird community composition changes with forest succession. While measures of regeneration condition explain bird abundance and diversity variables during late initiation, legacy stand structure explains them during stem exclusion. Canopy cover, ground‐story diversity, and canopy structure diversity are the most powerful and consistent explanatory variables. Our results suggest that leaving varied legacy stand structure to promote habitat heterogeneity in shelterwood harvests contributes to greater bird community diversity. Interestingly, this is particularly important during the structurally depauperate phase of stem exclusion of young regenerating forests.
Multimodel‐based analyses of evapotranspiration and its controls in China over the last three decades
Authors: Sun Shaobo , Song Zhaoliang , Chen Xi , Wang Tiejun , Zhang Yonggen , Zhang Dongbo , Zhang Huifang , Hao Qian , Chen Baozhang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEvapotranspiration (ET) plays a key role in linking water, energy, and carbon cycles. However, at regional scales, variations and controls of ET are still not well understood, due to the substantial uncertainties in ET estimates. Here, the variations in ET over China during the last three decades and their drivers and controls were analysed at monthly, seasonal, and annual scales, using well‐evaluated land surface model simulations. The results suggested that (a) the spatially averaged ET over China increased during 1979–2012 at each temporal scale. Overall, the ET significantly increased (p < .05) in most of western China and decreased in several regions in eastern China during most months and seasons. (a) The increases in spatially averaged ET during the nongrowing season were mainly determined by warming. The increased annual ET, seasonal ET, and monthly ET within the growing season were jointly caused by vegetation greening and climate warming. (c) During November–March, ET was primarily determined by temperature in most of central China and was determined by water availability in the remaining regions. The annual ET and the monthly ET within April–October were mainly controlled by water availability in most of northern and western China, and several regions in central China, by solar radiation in most of central and southern China and by temperature in some regions in the Tibetan Plateau. The study highlights the large effects of warming and greening on ET over China during the last three decades. The results may benefit water resource management under climate change.
Cardiovascular risk factor control in British adults with diabetes mellitus: Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Collins Sophie É. , Lethebe Brendan Cord , Williamson Tyler , McAlister Finlay A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUsing primary care electronic medical records (the United Kingdom Health Improvement Network Database 2003‐2015), we examined the control of cardiovascular risk factors in the first year after diagnosis in British adults with diabetes mellitus. Among 292 170 individuals with diabetes receiving frequent outpatient management (median of 16 primary care visits in the prior year), control of cardiovascular risk factors a median of 354 days after diagnosis was suboptimal: 14.7% had HbA1C < 7%, SBP < 140 mm Hg, LDL cholesterol ≤1.8 mmol/L or taking a statin, and were nonsmokers (the proportion dropped to 7.5% if the SBP target was defined as <130 mm Hg). While 90.4% had an LDL cholesterol ≤1.8 mmol/L or were taking a statin, and 86.0% were nonsmokers, only 52.0% had HbA1C < 7% and 53.1% had SBP < 140 mm Hg (29.8% had SBP < 130 mm Hg) despite 71.4% taking antihypertensive agents. Thus, there is still a need for quality improvement strategies that target all atherosclerotic risk factors in individuals with diabetes and not just glycaemic control.
Incidence, clinical characteristics, and risk factors of peripartum cardiomyopathy in Nigeria: results from the PEACE Registry
Authors: Karaye K.M. , Ishaq N.A. , Sa'idu H. , Balarabe S.A. , Talle M.A. , Isa M.S. , Adamu U.G. , Umar H. , Okolie H.I. , Shehu M.N. , Mohammed I.Y. , Sanni B. , Ogah O.S. , Oboirien I. , Umuerri E.M. , Mankwe A.C. , Shidali V.Y. , Njoku P. , Dodiyi‐Manuel S. , Shogade T.T. , Olunuga T. , Ojji D. , Josephs V. , Mbakwem A.C. , Tukur J. , Isezuo S.A. ,   PEACE Registry Investigators
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to describe the incidence, clinical characteristics and risk factors of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) in Nigeria.Methods and ResultsThe study was conducted in 22 hospitals in Nigeria, and PPCM patients were consecutively recruited between June 2017 and March 2018. To determine factors associated with PPCM, the patients were compared with apparently healthy women who recently delivered, as controls. Four hundred six patients were compared with 99 controls. The incidence and disease burden (based on the rate of consecutive recruitment of subjects) varied widely between the six geographical zones of Nigeria. From the North–West zone, 72.3% of the patients was recruited, where an incidence as high as 1 per 96 live births was obtained in a centre, while the disease was uncommon (7.6% of all recruited patients) in the South. Majority of the patients (76.6%) and controls (74.8%) (p = 0.694) were of Hausa–Fulani ethnic group. Atrial fibrillation, intracardiac thrombus, stroke, and right ventricular systolic dysfunction were found in 1.7%, 6.4%, 2.2%, and 54.9% of the patients, respectively. Lack of formal education (odds ratio [OR] 3.08, 95% confidence interval [1.71, 5.53]; P < 0.001), unemployment (OR: 3.28 [2.05, 5.24]; P < 0.001), underweight (OR: 13.43 [4.17, 43.21]; P < 0.001) and history of pre‐eclampsia (OR: 9.01 [2.18, 37.75]; P = 0.002) emerged as independent PPCM risk factors using regression models. Customary hot baths (OR: 1.24 [0.80, 1.93]; P = 0.344), pap enriched with dried lake salt (OR: 1.20 [0.74, 1.94]; P = 0.451), and Hausa–Fulani ethnicity (OR: 1.11 [0.67, 1.84]; P = 0.698) did not achieve significance as PPCM risk factors.ConclusionsIn Nigeria, the burden of PPCM was greatest in the North–West zone, which has the highest known incidence. PPCM was predicted by sociodemographic factors and pre‐eclampsia, which should be considered in its control at population level. Postpartum customary birth practices and Hausa–Fulani ethnicity were not associated with PPCM in Nigeria.
Association between heart failure aetiology and magnitude of echocardiographic remodelling and outcome of cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Kloosterman Mariëlle , van Stipdonk Antonius M.W. , ter Horst Iris , Rienstra Michiel , Van Gelder Isabelle C. , Vos Marc A. , Prinzen Frits W. , Meine Matthias , Vernooy Kevin , Maass Alexander H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsEchocardiographic response after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is often lesser in ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) than non‐ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM) patients. We assessed the association of heart failure aetiology on the amount of reverse remodelling and outcome of CRT.Methods and resultsNine hundred twenty‐eight CRT patients were retrospectively included. Reverse remodelling and endpoint occurrence (all‐cause mortality, heart transplantation, or left ventricular assist device implantation) was assessed. Two response definitions [≥15% reduction left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV) and ≥5% improvement left ventricular ejection fraction] and the most accurate cut‐off for the amount of reverse remodelling that predicted endpoint freedom were assessed.Mean follow‐up was 3.8 ± 2.4 years. ICM was present in 47%. ICM patients who were older (69 ± 7 vs. 63 ± 11), more often men (83% vs. 58%), exhibited less LVESV reduction (13 ± 31% vs. 23 ± 32%) and less left ventricular ejection fraction improvement (5 ± 11% vs. 10 ± 12%) than NIDCM patients (all P < 0.001). Nevertheless, every 1% LVESV reduction was associated with a relative reduction in endpoint occurrence: NIDCM 1.3%, ICM 0.9%, and absolute risk reduction was similar (0.4%). The most accurate cut‐off of LVESV reduction that predicted endpoint freedom was 17.1% in NIDCM and 13.2% in ICM.ConclusionsICM patients achieve less reverse remodelling than NIDCM, but the prognostic gain in terms of survival time is the same for every single percentage of reverse remodelling that does occur. The assessment and expected magnitude of reverse remodelling should take this effect of heart failure aetiology into account.
Prevalence and clinical characterisation of pregnant women with eating disorders
Authors: Bye Amanda , Nath Selina , Ryan Elizabeth G. , Bick Debra , Easter Abigail , Howard Louise M , Micali Nadia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate prevalence of lifetime and current eating disorders (ED) in a sample of pregnant women in South‐East London and to describe their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.MethodSecondary analysis of data from a cross‐sectional survey. Using a stratified sampling design, 545 pregnant women were recruited. Diagnostic interviews were administered to assess lifetime and current ED, depression, anxiety, and borderline personality disorder. Data were extracted from maternity records to assess identification of ED in antenatal care. Estimates of population prevalence of ED were obtained using sampling weights to account for the stratified sampling design.ResultsWeighted prevalence of lifetime ED was 15.35% (95% confidence interval [CI] [11.80, 19.71]), and current ED was 1.47% (95% CI [0.64, 3.35]). Depression, anxiety, and history of deliberate self‐harm or attempted suicide were common in pregnant women with ED. Identification of ED in antenatal care was low.ConclusionsFindings indicate that by early pregnancy, a significant proportion of pregnant women will have had ED, although less typically during pregnancy, and psychiatric comorbidity is common. Yet ED were poorly recognised in antenatal care. The findings highlight the importance of increasing awareness about maternal ED to improve identification and response to the healthcare needs of pregnant women with ED.
Study of gas emission law at the heading face in a coal‐mine tunnel based on the Lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Wang Qifei , Li Chengwu , Zhao Yuechao , Ai Dihao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGas distribution ahead of the coal tunnel is the key risk factor controlling coal and gas outburst. Based on an analysis of the influence of the stress state on the porosity of the coal seam, an improved quartet structure generation set (QSGS) random porous media generation tool is used to reconstruct the coal structure. Adopting the reconstructed pore structure of the coal as the boundary of the flow field, the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is used to simulate the gas dynamic distribution law ahead of the coal tunnel. The gas pressure of the coal seam decreases obviously in the fracture zone only, and the change in gas pressure is very small in the stress concentration zone and ahead of the coal seam. This research is of significance for gas drainage and the prevention of coal and gas outburst hazards in the working face during coal tunneling.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Asymmetric Humidification and Dynamic Temperature in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: Liu Y. , Bai S. , Wei P. , Pei P. , Yao S. , Sun H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe relative humidity is an important parameter reflecting the performance of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, which is often accompanied by changes in heat and temperature. In order to study the different humidification effects on the performance of PEM fuel cells, a temperature and heat transfer (T&HT) model is presented. The innovation of this paper is to study the performance of fuel cell (FC) from the perspective of temperature heat transfer by asymmetric humidification. Firstly, symmetrical humidification experiments are performed at three operating temperatures. After that, a three‐dimensional (3D) structure is built using fluent and T&HT model is imported through custom functions. Secondly, the asymmetric humidification experiment is put into practice with 60 °C operating temperature. Furthermore, the Taguchi method is used to optimize the performance of fuel cells in the crossover experiment. Finally, the experimental and numerical results are compared by the contours and polarization curves. The results show that T&HT model is in agreement with the experiment, and asymmetric humidification is more reasonable and flexible than symmetrical humidification. When the cathode relative humidity is 50% and the anode relative humidity is 75%, the maximum optimization rate of system efficiency is 17%.
The Histone Methyltransferase G9a Promotes Cholangiocarcinogenesis Through Regulation of the Hippo Pathway Kinase LATS2 and YAP Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ma Wenbo , Han Chang , Zhang Jinqiang , Song Kyoungsub , Chen Weina , Kwon Hyunjoo , Wu Tong 
Published: January 2020

Background and Aims
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant epithelial tumor of the biliary tree with poor prognosis. In the current study, we present evidence that the histone‐lysine methyltransferase G9a is up‐regulated in human CCA and that G9a enhances CCA cell growth and invasiveness through regulation of the Hippo pathway kinase large tumor suppressor 2 (LATS2) and yes‐associated protein (YAP) signaling pathway.

Approach and Results
Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis revealed that high G9a expression is associated with poor prognosis of CCA patients. In experimental systems, depletion of G9a by small interfering RNA/short hairpin RNA or inhibition of G9a by specific pharmacological inhibitors (UNC0642 and UNC0631) significantly inhibited human CCA cell growth in vitro and in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Increased G9a expression was also observed in mouse CCA induced by hydrodynamic tail vein injection of notch intracellular domain (NICD) and myr‐Akt. Administration of the G9a inhibitor UNC0642 to NICD/Akt‐injected mice reduced the growth of CCA, in vivo. These findings suggest that G9a inhibition may represent an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of CCA. Mechanistically, our data show that G9a‐derived dimethylated H3K9 (H3K9me2) silenced the expression of the Hippo pathway kinase LATS2, and this effect led to subsequent activation of oncogenic YAP. Consequently, G9a depletion or inhibition reduced the level of H3K9me2 and restored the expression of LATS2 leading to YAP inhibition.

Conclusions
Our findings provide evidence for an important role of G9a in cholangiocarcinogenesis through regulation of LATS2‐YAP signaling and suggest that this pathway may represent a potential therapeutic target for CCA treatment.
A Single Infusion of Zoledronate in Postmenopausal Women Following Denosumab Discontinuation Results in Partial Conservation of Bone Mass Gains
Authors: Everts-Graber Judith , Reichenbach Stephan , Ziswiler Hans Rudolf , Studer Ueli , Lehmann Thomas 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
Discontinuation of denosumab is associated with a rapid return of bone mineral density (BMD) to baseline and an increased risk of multiple vertebral fractures. No subsequent treatment regimen has yet been established for preventing either loss of BMD or multiple vertebral fractures after denosumab discontinuation. The aim of this 8-year observational study was to investigate the effect of a single zoledronate infusion, administered 6 months after the last denosumab injection, on fracture occurrence and loss of BMD. We report on 120 women with postmenopausal osteoporosis who were treated with 60 mg denosumab every 6 months for 2 to 5 years (mean duration 3 years) and then 5 mg zoledronate 6 months after the last denosumab injection. All patients were evaluated clinically, by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and vertebral fracture assessment (VFA), before the first and after the last denosumab injection and at 2.5 years (median) after denosumab discontinuation. During this off-treatment period, 3 vertebral fractures (1.1 per 100 patient-years) and 4 nonvertebral fractures (1.5 per 100 patient-years) occurred. No patients developed multiple vertebral fractures. Sixty-six percent (confidence interval [CI] 57% to 75%) of BMD gained with denosumab was retained at the lumbar spine and 49% (CI 31% to 67%) at the total hip. There was no significant difference in the decrease of BMD between patients with BMD gains of &gt;9% versus &lt;9% while treated with denosumab. Previous antiresorptive treatment or prevalent fractures had no impact on the decrease of BMD, and all bone loss occurred within the first 18 months after zoledronate infusion. In conclusion, a single infusion of 5 mg zoledronate after a 2- to 5-year denosumab treatment cycle retained more than half of the gained BMD and was not associated with multiple vertebral fractures, as reported in patients who discontinued denosumab without subsequent bisphosphonate treatment. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.