bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rectal adenocarcinoma following imperforate anus: A rare case report
Authors: Khan Sarah , Khan Hina Abdul Qayoom , Agha Jan Muhammad , Samo Khursheed Ahmed , Abbasi Mujeeb Ur Rehman , Memon Amjad Siraj 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Anorectal malformations are a rare presentation. The standard treatment modality for imperforate anus is surgery. The abdominoperineal pull-through procedure was popular in the past for this malformation, but, with recent advancement, the posterior sagittal anorectoplasty and colostomy as a staged procedure are other options. Chronic constipation following pull-through procedures for imperforate anus may also lead to degeneration of the anorectal segment.

Case Presentation:
A 28-year-old male presented with the complaint of on and off constipation and painful defecation since childhood. The patient had a history of imperforate anus congenitally, for which a pull-through procedure was done after birth at another hospital. He underwent multiple surgeries for constipation. During this time period, the patient had constant complaints of difficulty in defecation and constipation, for which he used to use Hager’s dilators to dilate the anal canal. He also used per rectal enema and suppositories. His digital rectal examination showed narrowed anal opening. Colonoscopy was planned, which showed ulcerated and necrotic area at 6–8 cm from anal verge. Biopsy came out to be moderate-to-poor differentiated adenocarcinoma with signet ring cell differentiation. His computed tomography scan was performed, which showed circumferential mural thickening starting from the anal verge to the rectosigmoid junction with local infiltration to prostate, bilateral levator ani, and posterior sacral space. The patient was given a diversion colostomy and was referred for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Conclusion:
All patients undergoing pull-through procedures should be closely followed in a multidisciplinary unit with interval colonoscopy for the early detection and prompt management of rectal cancer.
The Great I-QALY Disaster
Authors: Langley Paul 
Published: August 2020

The QALY is an impossible construct; it defies common sense. It fails completely once we consider the axioms of fundamental measurement. Utilities as ordinal scales cannot be used to create QALYS. The QALY should never have been introduced to support the value assessment of pharmaceutical products and devices. The result is 30 years of QALY based assessments of pharmaceutical products and devices which are conceptually and technically wrong. They are a charade and will have contributed mistakenly to thousands of formulary decisions. In the search for a common metric to evaluate cost-effectiveness the impossibility of a QALY was overlooked. The result is a disaster, unfolding over decades. Our next steps must be to abandon the QALY paradigm and look ahead to a new value assessment framework.

Commentary
Utilização de 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) tópico em equino com carcinoma de célula epidermoide: relato de caso
Authors: Pinho Neto Antônio Catunda , Viana Vivian , Araújo Magda Lima Chagas , Maróstica Thaire Pereira , Ribeiro Debora Da Silva Freitas , Ribeiro Rodrigo Martins 
Published: August 2020

O carcinoma de células escamosas ou epidermoide (CCE) é um uma neoplasia maligna, multifatorial, de origem epidérmica, comum em equinos e responsável por 20% dos tumores dessa espécie. Nesse contexto, o 5-fluorouracil atua na síntese de DNA e RNA por inibição enzimática, interferindo na replicação celular, sendo indicado nos casos em que há lesões pequenas. Pode ser administrado por via parenteral, tópica ou por injeção intratumoral. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo registrar a ocorrência de um caso de CCE em um equino com lesão ulcerativa extensa apresentando secreção sanguinolenta e purulenta, na região torácica, bem como a evolução do tratamento com o 5-fluorouracil, quimioterapia antineoplásica neoadjuvante, para a remissão da lesão e reduzir a área a ser extirpada com margem de segurança.
IMPLEMENTASI ANALISIS SWOT DALAM PENENTUAN SUMBER AIR UNTUK PERTAMBANGAN NIKEL DI PULAU OBI, PROVINSI MALUKU UTARA
Authors: Hernaningsih Taty 
Published: August 2020

Pertambangan nikel di Pulau Obi, ProvinsiÂ Maluku Utara Â telah menggunakan sumber air dari Danau Karo yang berlokasi Â di dalamÂ kawasan area pertambangan. Â Air diperlukan untuk kegiatan perusahaan Â pertambangan mencakup kebutuhan air bagi untuk tenaga kerja, proses pertambangan dan domestik. Jumlah pengambilan air terbesar berasal dari Danau Karo yang Â telah dilakukan secara terus menerus sehingga Â Â muka air danau tersebut mengalami penurunan.Â Kebutuhan air Â pertambangan nikel diwaktu yang akan datang makin bertambah sesuai dengan pengembangan pertambangan nikel. Â Potensi danau KaroÂ sudah makin berkurang oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pemanfaatan airÂ Â dariÂ sumber air lainnya di pulau Obi. Sumber air yang sudah dimanfaatkan di pulau Obi adalah Â mata air Kawasi, danau Loji, mata air Uluwatu, mata air Cermin dan yang belum dimanfaatkan adalah sungai Akelamo. Untuk mendukung kegiatan pertambangan nikel, maka perlu penambahan air dari sumber air tersebut. Metode untuk penentuan sumber air yang digunakan adalah SWOT (strength,Â weakness,Â opportunity, threats). Dalam melaksanakan metoda ini perlu dilakukan kesepakatan dari ahli dalam menentukan faktor internal dan eksternal serta skala nilainya. Hasil analisis SWOT akan memberikan solusi sumber air yangÂ tepat,Â baik dari segiÂ kuantitas maupun kualitasnya.Â kata kunci: SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, dan threats)Â
A ANALYZING THE LEVEL OF THE STUDENTS’ READINGCOMPREHENSION IN COMPREHENDING NARRATIVETEXT
Authors: - Mutakhirani Mustafa 
Published: August 2020

The research aimed at finding out the analyzing of students’ reading
comprehension at the second year of SMU Negeri 4 Bulukumba Kab. Bulukumba.
The findings of this research that the researcher known the ability of the
students’ reading comprehension on level at the second year of SMA Negeri 4
Bulukumba to have “Low” level.
Based on the finding indicated that the second year of students’ SMA
Negeri 4 Bulukumba in answer or identifying reading comprehension test, there
were 60% students got correct answer in ( answer with literal) and 40% students
had incorrect answer. Then 40% students had correct answer in (Interpretation)
and 60% students had incorrect answer. Then 30% students had correct answer in
(Critical) and 70% students had incorrect answer. Then 35% students had correct
answer in (Creative) and 65% students had incorrect answer.
Based on the finding about the students competence on reading
comprehension level, some problems or difficulties were faced by the second
grade students of SMA Negeri 4 Bulukumba in analyzing reading test with correct
answer which were answer with literal, interpretation, critical and creative. Based
on the result of questionnaire of students, the researcher finds out some solution
from the problem of the students in reading. The students are suggested to
practice reading anything that they like, for example reading a article, reading,
essay, reading a book, reading newspaper and reading novel every day. The
students practice interpreting what has been reading in improving reading
comprehension.
Keywords: Student, Reading Comprehension, Level, Analyzing
Program Penyuluhan Pra Nikah untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan mengenai Pernikahan Islami
Authors: Karimulloh Karimulloh , Listiyandini Ratih Arruum , Kusristanti Chandradewi 
Published: August 2020

Islam mengatur cara memilih pasangan yang ideal dan menjelaskan hak dah kewajiban yang akan dilaksanakan setelah mereka berumah tangga. Namun meningkatnya perceraian di Indonesia adalah sebuah pertanda mengenai ketidaksiapan pasangan suami istri terhadap hak dan kewajiban mereka dalam melaksanakan tugasnya. Penyuluhan persiapan pranikah perpektif Islam ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai keluarga yang sakinah, mawaddah wa rahmah sehingga dapat mempersiapkan mereka dalam memilih pasangan hidup dan mengemban tanggung jawab dalam pernikahan. Penyuluhan ini memberikan tema-tema menarik seperti konsep memilih pasangan hidup, proses ta’aruf dan Khitbah, hak dan kewajiban suami istri, serta mempersiapkan keturunan yang sholih dari sisi Islam dan psikologi. Partisipan penyuluhan adalah remaja akhir dan dewasa muda yang belum menikah baik laki-laki maupun perempuan. Hasil penyuluhan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan partisipan mengenai persipan pranikah perspektif IslamKata kunci: pra-nikah, pernikahan, islam, penyuluhan Islamic Perspective Pre-Marriage Extension Program to Increase Knowledge of Islamic MarriageABSTRACT Islam regulates how to choose the ideal partner and explains the rights and obligations that will be carried out after they are married. However, the increasing rate of divorce in Indonesia is a sign of the unpreparedness of married couples towards their rights and obligations in carrying out their duties. Education of Islamic perspective premarital preparations has been done done to increase the knowledge of the late adolescents regarding the concept of sakinah, mawaddah, wa rahmah and also to prepare their readiness to choose partner based on Islamic criteria and for being more thoughtful about responsibility in marriage life. This program provides interesting themes such as the concept of choosing a spouse, the process of ta'aruf and khitbah, the rights and obligations of husband and wife, and offspring issues from the side of Islam and psychology. Participants are single late teenagers and young adult, both men and women. Outreach results indicate an increase in participants' knowledge regarding the concept of marriage in Islamic perspective.Key words: pre-marital, marriage, Islam, education
Deteksi Dini Gangguan Postur Melalui Peningkatan Life Skill Education Dokter Kecil
Authors: Hendrawan Arief , Setiyawati Dwi 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAK Pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan berfokus pada peningkatan life skill education dokter kecil untuk melakukan deteksi dini pencegahan gangguan postur. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di SDN Jangrana Kecamatan Kesugihan Kabupaten Cilacap pada bulan Maret – April 2019. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan adalah pemaparan materi dan pemberian pelatihan tentang gangguan postur tubuh serta deteksi dini gangguan postur tubuh. Peserta kegiatan adalah 10 orang dokter kecil yang ditunjuk oleh pihak sekolah sebagai perwakilan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini didapatkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan peningkatan kemampuan deteksi dini gangguan postur oleh peserta kegiatan.Kata Kunci: deteksi; postur; anakEarly Detection of Posture Disorders through Increased Life Skill Education of Little DoctorsABSTRACKThe activities carried out focus on improving the life skills of small doctors to detect early prevention of posture disorders. The activity was carried out at SDN Jangrana Kesugihan District, Cilacap Regency in March - April 2019. The method of implementing the activity was the presentation of material and the provision of training on postural disorders and early detection of postural disorders. The participants were 10 small doctors who were appointed by the school as representatives. The results of this activity obtained an increase in knowledge and increased ability to detect postural disorders early by the activity participants.Keyword: detection; postur; child
Penggunaan Prezi untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Mengembangkan Multimedia TAVAGIS Kurikulum 2013 bagi Guru Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Sari Agatha Kristi Pramudika , Wati Dyah Puteria 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRAK Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan keterampilan mengemabngkan multimedia TAVAGIS sebelum dan sesudah menggunakan Prezi kurikulum 2013 bagi guru sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Kuningan. Kegiatan ini terlaksana untuk mengatasi permsalahan guru mengenai kurangnya penguasaan IT dalam pembelajaran kurikulum 2013. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini terdiri dari beberapa tahap yaitu: 1) perencanaan yang meliputi survei mitra, lisensi pelatihan, penyusunan modul pelatihan, persiapan pelatihan dan koordinasi,serta sosialisasi program, 2) pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM yang meliputi pelatihan pembuatan multimedia TAVAGIS berbasis Prezi serta pendampingan penggunaan multimedia yang telah dibuat, 3) evaluasi dan tindak lanjut. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa keterampilan mengembangkan multimedia TAVAGIS kurikulum 2013 pada guru sekolah dasar sebelum menggunakan Prezi memperoleh prosentase skor sebesar 53,74% dalam kategori cukup dan sesudah menggunakan Prezi memperoleh prosentase skor sebesar 89,52% dalam kategori sangat baik. Data tersebut menyatakan bahwa terjadi peningkatan keterampilan mengembangkan multimedia TAVAGIS kurikulum 2013 pada guru sekolah dasar sebesar 35,78%.Kata kunci: Keterampilan, Multimedia, TAVAGIS, Prezi, Sekolah DasarUse of Prezi to Improve Skills in Developing 2013 TAVAGIS Multimedia Curriculum for Elementary School TeachersABSTRACTThis activity aims to find out the improvement of TAVAGIS multimedia skills before and after using the 2013 Prezi curriculum for elementary school teachers in Kuningan District. This activity was carried out to overcome the teacher's problem regarding the lack of mastery of IT in 2013 curriculum learning. The method of implementing this activity consisted of several stages, namely: 1) planning which included a survey of partners, training licenses, preparation of training modules, preparation of training and coordination, and program socialization, 2) the implementation of PKM activities which include training on making TAVAGIS multimedia based on Prezi as well as assisting the use of multimedia that has been made; 3) evaluation and follow-up. Based on the results and discussion, it can be concluded that the skills of developing 2013 TAVAGIS multimedia curriculum in elementary school teachers before using Prezi obtained a percentage score of 53.74% in the sufficient category and after using Prezi obtained a percentage score of 89.52% in the very good category. The data states that there is an increase in skills in developing 2013 TAVAGIS multimedia curriculum for elementary school teachers by 35.78%.Keywords: Skills, Multimedia, TAVAGIS, Prezi, Elementary School
Volter Kilpeä englanniksi
Authors: Robinson Douglas 
Published: August 2020

Volter Kilveltä on käännetty muille kielille perin vähän: ruotsiksi on Thomas Warburton kääntänyt ainoastaan Alastalon salissa; englanniksi on käännetty yhteensä kaksi lyhyttä pätkää Alastalosta, ja edellisen yhteydessä kääntäjä David Barrett julisti sen mahdottomaksi kääntää. Nyt vuonna 2020 on kuitenkin tulossa painoon Kilven jälkeenjääneen aikamatkustusromaanin englanninnos Gulliver’s Voyage to Phantomimia.
Esseeni sijoittaa Kilven englannintamisen laajempaan mittaskaalaan: se antaa yleiskatsauksen Kilven koko myöhäistuotantoon, koskien jaksoja teoksista Alastalon salissa (1933), ”Ylistalon tuvassa” (1934), Suljetut portit (1938) sekä Gulliverin matka Fantomimian mantereelle (1944), kommentoiden näinkin vaikean modernistin kääntämisen problematiikkaa.
Local Citizen Initiatives in Poland: The Disparity in Signature Requirements
Authors: Lis-Staranowicz Dorota , Giżyńska Monika 
Published: August 2020

In the social sciences, the attention is drawn to the relationship between instruments of direct democracy and signature requirement, because the latter may block the activity of citizens. Therefore, this paper focuses on signature requirements of local citizen’ initiatives (LCI), which is also analyzed from the perspective of the principle of equality. We identify: the legal threshold of support (LTS) and the actual threshold of support (ATS). The legal threshold is construed as the statutory requirement of support (quantified or specified as a percentage), whereas the actual threshold of support is the quotient of the number of signatures required and the total number of residents in a given district. With respect to the LCI, a district is an area of a municipality, poviat and voivodship. The ATS is an indicator used by us to study the principle of equality.
INSIDENSI SERANGAN HAMA PENGGEREK BATANG PADA PERSEMAIAN KALIANDRA DI PT.USAHA TANI LESTARI SUMBA BARAT NTT.
Authors: Jusuf Wida Darwiati , Yulianti Mira 
Published: August 2020

Stem borers at Kaliandra Nursery In PT Usaha Tani Lestari, Sumba Barat NTT. Pest attack is the major problem in the cultivation of energy-producing wood plants, one of which is a stem borer that attacks Kaliandra (Calliandra callothyrsus) plant. The information regarding the level of stem borer attack is needed as a material consideration in the management of the energy-producing timber plant. The purpose of this study is to assess the incidence, calculate the percentage and intensity of attacks and identify the stem borer. This research was conducted at Kaliandra Nursery PT. Sustainable Farming in West Sumba, NTT. The results showed that the identification of stem borer pests of the Xyleborus sp (Scolytidae: Coleoptera) species. 7-month-old seedlings have been attacked with an average stem diameter of 1.21 cm and a stem height of 63.7 cm. The holes produced by the pest Xyleborus sp by 2 mm with the highest number of hole holes 30 points per seed. the distance of the first drill hole from the base is 3.01 cm and the final distance of the drill hole is 56.96 cm. The results of the percentage of attacks reached 90% with the category of severe attacks, the incidence of stem borer pests are also driven by very extreme weather factors/heat.Keywords: Stem Borer, Kaliandra, Percentage, And Intensity of The AttackABSTRAK Serangan hama merupakan masalah utama yang dihadapi dalam budidaya tanaman penghasil kayu energi, salah satunya adalah hama penggerek batang yang banyak menyerang tanaman kaliandra (Calliandra callothyrsus). Informasi mengenai tingkat serangan hama penggerek batang diperlukan sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam pengelolaan tanaman penghasil kayu energi tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji insidensi, menghitung persentase dan intensitas serangan serta mengidentifikasi hama penggerek batang tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di persemaian kaliandra PT. Usaha Tani Lestari Sumba Barat, NTT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa identifikasi hama penggerek batang adalah dari jenis Xyleborus sp (Scolytidae : Coleoptera). Bibit umur 7 bulan sudah terserang dengan rata-rata diameter batang 1,21 cm dan tinggi batang 63,7 cm. Lubang gerek yang dihasilkan hama Xyleborus sp sebesar 2 mm dengan jumlah lubang gerek terbanyak 30 titik per bibit. Jarak lubang gerek pertama dari pangkal bawah 3,01 cm dan jarak terakhir lubang gerek sepanjang 56,96 cm. Hasil persentase serangan mencapai 90% dengan kategori serangan yang berat, insidensi hama penggerek batang tersebut juga dipacu oleh faktor cuaca yang sangat ekstrem /panas.Kata Kunci : Hama penggerek batang, kaliandra, persentase, dan intensitas serangan
KARAKTERISTIK MEMBRAN KOMPOSIT BERBASIS KITOSAN/PVA TERMODIFIKASI LEMPUNG DARI BABAKAN MADANG BOGOR
Authors: Kharisma Thria , Ariesta Nina , Arrisujaya Dian 
Published: August 2020

The use of natural polymers as membranes of DMFC from chitosan was developed because it is more environmentally friendly and has high thermal stability, but the proton conductivity is low. The Clay from Babakan Madang, which contained of SiO2 50% was expected to increase proton conductivity and improve the characteristics of the polymer membrane. Chitosan / PVA based membrane synthesis was carried out by adding clay weight variations of 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9 g. The spectra of membranes investigated by FT-IR confirmed the presence of functional groups from chitosan/PVA/clay. Morphological analysis using SEM showed that there were granules of clay dispersed on the membrane. The determination of membran conductivity using EIS showed the highest proton conductivity value was a membrane with the addition of 0.6 g clay, it was 6.96 x 10-7 S / cm. The membrane water swelling produced on the three membranes tended to be high, with the smallest value of 56.69% on the membrane with the addition of 0.9 grams of clay. The methanol uptake data found that the conductivity of membrane with the addition of 0.6 grams of clay was 346.11%.
Comparing the Responses of Osseous Versus Soft-Tissue Metastases of Renal Cell Carcinoma to Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Immunotherapy
Authors: Tai Katherine Yuxi , El Abiad Jad M. , Morris Carol D. , Markowski Mark Christopher , Levin Adam S. 
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND: Checkpoint inhibitors and receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKIs) have changed the standard of care for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Anecdotal evidence suggests these therapies may be less effective for treating bone than soft-tissue metastases. PURPOSE: We performed a retrospective review evaluating the relative clinical responses in soft-tissue and bone metastases in patients undergoing therapy using RTKIs and anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) agents for mRCC. METHODS: Of the 2,212 patients in our institutional cancer registry with renal cell carcinoma (1997–2017), 68 (82 disease courses) were identified with measurable bone and soft-tissue metastases treated with RTKIs and/or PD-1s. Extent of metastasis was quantified at the time of therapy initiation (baseline) and at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. Changes in disease status were categorized as complete response, partial response, stable, mixed, or progression of disease according to RECIST v1.1 and MD Anderson criteria. These categories were further organized into “response to treatment” or “evidence of progression” to generate a generalized linear effects model with soft-tissue response as the independent variable and bone response as the dependent variable. Alpha = 0.05. RESULTS: Soft-tissue response correlated with bone response at 3 months (76 disease courses, p = 0.005) and 6 months (48 disease courses, p = 0.017). Of the patients with controlled soft-tissue disease, only 14 (19%) and 15 (32%) had progression in bone at 3 and 6 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: Contrary to anecdotal reports, osseous metastases do not appear to respond worse than soft-tissue metastases to treatment with these agents.
Detection of coronavirus disease from X-ray images using deep learning and transfer learning algorithms
Authors: Albahli Saleh , Albattah Waleed 
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to employ the advantages of computer vision and medical image analysis to develop an automated model that has the clinical potential for early detection of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infected disease. METHOD: This study applied transfer learning method to develop deep learning models for detecting COVID-19 disease. Three existing state-of-the-art deep learning models namely, Inception ResNetV2, InceptionNetV3 and NASNetLarge, were selected and fine-tuned to automatically detect and diagnose COVID-19 disease using chest X-ray images. A dataset involving 850 images with the confirmed COVID-19 disease, 500 images of community-acquired (non-COVID-19) pneumonia cases and 915 normal chest X-ray images was used in this study. RESULTS: Among the three models, InceptionNetV3 yielded the best performance with accuracy levels of 98.63% and 99.02% with and without using data augmentation in model training, respectively. All the performed networks tend to overfitting (with high training accuracy) when data augmentation is not used, this is due to the limited amount of image data used for training and validation. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that a deep transfer learning is feasible to detect COVID-19 disease automatically from chest X-ray by training the learning model with chest X-ray images mixed with COVID-19 patients, other pneumonia affected patients and people with healthy lungs, which may help doctors more effectively make their clinical decisions. The study also gives an insight to how transfer learning was used to automatically detect the COVID-19 disease. In future studies, as the amount of available dataset increases, different convolution neutral network models could be designed to achieve the goal more efficiently.