bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seven immune‐related genes prognostic power and correlation with tumor‐infiltrating immune cells in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liu Tiantian , Wu Hao , Qi Jianni , Qin Chengyong , Zhu Qiang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundGiven poor prognosis and the lack of efficient therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, immunotherapy has emerged as an increasingly important role. However, there were few reports on the correlation between immune‐related genes and HCC. The purpose of this study is to construct a novel immune‐related gene‐based prognostic signature for HCC and to explore the potential mechanisms.MethodsWe organized expression data of 374 HCC samples and 50 nontumor samples from TCGA database. A robust signature was constructed by Cox regression analysis based on the immune‐related genes, which were filtered by differential genes analysis and Cox regression analysis. Then, the correlation analysis between the signature and clinical characteristics was conducted. And the signature was validated in ICGC database. Furthermore, the relationships between immune cell infiltration and the signature were explored by bioinformatics analysis.ResultsSeven genes‐based model (Risk score = BIRC5 * 0.0238 + FOS * 0.0055 + DKK1 * 0.0085 + FGF13 * 0.3432 + IL11 * 0.0135 + IL17D * 0.0878 + SPP1 * 0.0003) was constructed eventually and it was proved to be an independent prognostic factor for HCC patients. The signature‐calculated risk scores were shown to be positively correlated with the infiltration of these five immune cells, including macrophages, neutrophils, CD8+T, dendritic, and B cells. And the results suggested that high amplication of BIRC5, FGF13, IL11, IL17D, and SPP1 were more likely correlated with immune cell infiltration. Finally, PPI network, TFs‐based regulatory network and gene enrichment plots were performed to show potential molecular mechanisms.ConclusionWe construct a robust immune‐related gene‐based prognostic signature with seven genes and explore potential mechanisms about it, which may contribute to the immunotherapy research for HCC.
A Single‐Transaminase‐Catalyzed Biocatalytic Cascade for Efficient Asymmetric Synthesis of l‐Phosphinothricin
Authors: Cheng Feng , Li Ju‐Mou , Zhou Shi‐Peng , Liu Qi , Jin Li‐Qun , Xue Ya‐Ping , Zheng Yu‐Guo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA single‐transaminase‐catalyzed biocatalytic cascade was developed by employing the desired biocatalyst, ATA‐117‐Rd11, that showed high activity toward 2‐oxo‐4‐[(hydroxy)(methyl)phosphinoyl] butyric acid (PPO) and α‐ketoglutarate, and low activity against pyruvate. The cascade successfully promotes a highly asymmetric amination reaction for the synthesis of l‐phosphinothricin (l‐PPT) with high conversion (>95 %) and>99 % ee. In a scale‐up experiment, using 10 kg pre‐frozen E. coli cells harboring ATA‐117‐Rd11 as catalyst, 80 kg PPO was converted to ≈70 kg l‐PPT after 24 hours with a high ee value (>99 %).
Stronger Together: Multivalent Phage Capsids Inhibit Virus Entry
Authors: Gallego Iván , Lostalé‐Seijo Irene , Montenegro Javier 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAntivirals are now more important than ever. To efficiently inhibit virus replication, antiviral multivalent strategies need sufficient affinity to overcome the excellent matching between the virus and its receptor. This report highlights a phage capsid scaffold strategy that can be used to precisely position sialic acid moieties to inhibit influenza A virus replication.
Cerebral protection in left atrial appendage closure in the presence of appendage thrombosis
Authors: Boccuzzi Giacomo G. , Montabone Andrea , D'Ascenzo Fabrizio , Colombo Francesco , Ugo Fabrizio , Muraglia Simone , De Backer Ole , Nombela‐Franco Luis , Meincke Felix , Mazzone Patrizio 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPresence of thrombus in the left atrial appendage (LAA) remains a severe contraindication to the percutaneous left atrial appendage closure procedure (LAAC), due to increased embolic risk. Recently, the experience developed in cerebral protection device in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) procedure was translated in LAAC to address this issue.AimTo evaluate efficacy and safety of Sentinel cerebral protection system (CPS) in supporting LAAC in real‐world patient with persistent LAA thrombus.Methods and resultsThe study retrospectively enrolled consecutive patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) and thrombus in LAA who underwent LAAC supported by Sentinel CPS in seven European high‐volume centres. Twenty‐seven patients were included with a median age of 69.1 ± 9.7 years old, with median CHA2DS2‐VASc and HAS‐BLEED scores 3 [2–5] and 3 [2.75–4], respectively. Technical and procedural success was achieved in all patients. No periprocedural TIA, stroke, or supra‐aortic trunks dissection was recorded.ConclusionsIn this multicenter registry, LAAC supported by Sentinel CPS in patients with LAA persistent thrombus seems to be a safe and efficacious treatment.
Efficacy of eculizumab in refractory life‐threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Gauchy Anne‐Cécile , Hentzien Maxime , Wynckel Alain , de Marcellus Victoire , Rodier Cyrielle , Delmer Alain , Quinquenel Anne 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEculizumab may be considered as an emergency therapeutic option in refractory life‐threatening warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia especially if direct antiglobulin test is positive for both IgG and C3d and after failure of all conventional treatments.
Prognosis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions in COVID‐19 patients: A case series
Authors: Liu Po‐Yu , Jiang Rong‐San 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAlthough most COVID‐19 patients feel their olfactory function returns to normal, the smell test demonstrates that a mild impairment of the olfactory function may have remained. Therefore, their olfactory function should be evaluated by a smell test.
Zn‐assisted cooperative effect for copolymers made by heterodinuclear Fe−Ni catalyst
Authors: Khoshsefat M. , Dechal A. , Ahmadjo S. , Mortazavi M. M. , Zohuri G. H. , Soares J. B. P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMononuclear Fe and Ni based catalysts (M1 and M2) in the form of single and dual catalytic systems were employed in the presence and absence of diethyl zinc (DEZ) for polymerization of ethylene. In addition, corresponding homo‐ (M3 and M4) and heterodinuclear catalysts (M7) along with the mononuclear analogues (M5 and M6) were used to explore the effect of adjacency of second metal center on the chain transfer efficiency. DEZ had stronger influence on the behavior of mono‐ and dinuclear Fe‐based structures and corresponding thermal and microstructural properties of the PE samples than Ni complexes. A mechanism was proposed for M5 as the vinyl‐terminated polymer chains increased in the presence of DEZ. More interestingly, M7 not only showed a cooperative effect for production of a random copolymer containing short and long chain branches but also at low and high concentration of DEZ, a blocky copolymer was obtained through CCTP and CSP. These results were confirmed by 13C NMR, DMTA, SSA and CEF.
Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sewage Sludge: Analysis of Process Severity and Solid Content
Authors: Tasca Andrea Luca , Stefanelli Eleonora , Raspolli Galletti Anna Maria , Gori Riccardo , Mannarino Gemma , Vitolo Sandra , Puccini Monica 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge was carried out with the aim to evaluate the influence of process severity and initial solid content. Response surface methodology was applied to model yield and C yield responses. Enhanced dewaterability performance was recorded under mild processing conditions. The treatment promoted concentration and immobilization of Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn, and Cu. Variation of the solid content showed a stronger influence than severity on average yield and C yield. Higher heating values (HHVs) and energy retention efficiencies (EREs) of hydrochars obtained at the lowest solid content displayed the lowest values. Hence, the energy requirements of a first dewatering step should be compared with the related improvement in terms of HHV and ERE when sludge is used as feedstock.
Taguchi Optimization of Solvent‐Antisolvent Crystallization to Prepare Ammonium Perchlorate Particles
Authors: Norouzi Mahdi , Tahernejad Malihe , Ghorban Hosseini Seyed , Tavangar Saeed 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe sphericity and size of ammonium perchlorate (AP) particles significantly influence the properties of composite propellants. As the AP particles become more spherical, the accumulation coefficient increases, the viscosity during casting decreases, and the particle loading and burning rate increase. Hence, the production of micronized AP particles with an average size between 1 and 20 μm is important to increase the loading percentage of AP in the composite propellant. Here, the Taguchi experimental design was used to optimize the solvent‐antisolvent crystallization (SAC) process for the preparation of micronized AP particles with higher sphericity. SAC parameters such as the type of antisolvent, the solvent‐to‐antisolvent ratio, the antisolvent temperature, the stirring speed, and the retention time were investigated at four levels. The type of antisolvent and the solvent‐to‐antisolvent ratio were found to mainly contribute to improving the sphericity and size of the AP particles, respectively.
Well‐Monodispersed Iron‐Doped InOOH Nanoparticles with Enhanced Activity for Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Yang Liping , Han Jianxin , Zhang Jifu , Li Yanxin , Wang Wei , Cao Lixin , Dong Bohua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDesigning efficient and stable catalysts with smaller‐sized nanostructures holds promise in alkaline water electrolysis, especially for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), whereas selecting proper candidates and facile synthetic strategies remain challenging. Herein, well‐monodispersed InOOH nanoparticles (NPs) tailored by Fe doping with diameters of about 7 nm are synthesized by using a two‐phase colloidal method and secondary solvothermal process. Benefiting from the large electrochemically active surface area given by the unique monodispersed NP morphology, the increased active sites generated by tunable Fe doping that can increase the OER activity of the host oxide, and the synergistic effect between In and Fe, Fe‐doped InOOH NPs exhibits superior electrocatalytic activity toward the OER. As a result, well‐monodispersed Fe‐doped InOOH NPs could achieve current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm−2 at overpotentials of 220 mV and 266 mV, respectively, in alkaline media (1.0 M KOH), and possess an excellent catalytic durability of 27 hours, transcending most of the previously reported Fe‐rich OER electrocatalysts.
The household CFO: Using job analysis to define tasks related to personal financial management
Authors: Fallaw Sarah S. , Grable John E. , Kruger Michelle 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHousehold financial management has several criteria of performance that makes it possible to evaluate the relative effectiveness of an individual in the particular job. To date, there has been little analysis of the myriad tasks and behaviors that are included in the role of a household financial manager, or what we term household chief financial officer (HCFO). Using techniques from industrial psychology and personnel selection, namely job analysis, the current article provides definitions of categories of critical tasks and behaviors of the HCFO job using two studies. The results of the studies identified the frequency of engagement of financial tasks across the two samples, and the importance of tasks associated with financial success.
May Trifluoromethylation and Polymerization of Styrene Occur from a Perfluorinated Persistent Radical (PPFR)?
Authors: Briou Benoit , Gimello Olinda , Totee Cedric , Ono Taizo , Ameduri Bruno 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe radical polymerization of styrene (St) initiated by a trifluoromethyl radical generated from a perfluorinated highly branched persistent radical (PPFR) is presented with an isolated yield above 70 %. The release of .CF3 radical occurred from a temperature above 85 °C. Deeper 1H and 19F NMR spectroscopies of the resulting fluorinated polystyrenes (CF3‐PSts) evidenced the presence of both CF3 end‐group of the PSt chain and the trifluoromethylation of the phenyl ring (in meta‐position mainly). [PPFR]0/[St]0 initial molar ratios of 3:1, 3:10 and 3:100 led to various molar masses ranging from 1750 to 5400 g mol−1 in 70–86 % yields. MALDI‐TOF spectrometry of such CF3‐PSts highlighted polymeric distributions which evidenced differences between m/z fragments of 104 and 172 corresponding to styrene and trifluoromethyl styrene units, respectively. Such CF3‐PSt polymers were also compared to conventional PSts produced from the radical polymerization of St initiated by a peroxydicarbonate initiator. A mechanism of the polymerization is presented showing the formation of a trifluoromethyl styrene first, followed by its radical (co)polymerization with styrene. The thermal properties (thermal stability and glass transition temperature, Tg) of these polymers were also compared and revealed a much better thermal stability of the CF3‐PSt (10 % weight loss at 356–376 °C) and a Tg of around 70 °C.
Methylene Bridging Effect on the Structures, Lewis Acidities and Optical Properties of Semi‐planar Triarylboranes
Authors: Doan Thu‐Hong , Chardon Aurélien , Osi Arnaud , Mahaut Damien , Tumanov Nikolay , Wouters Johan , Champagne Benoît , Berionni Guillaume 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThree synthetic methods towards semi‐planar triarylboranes with two aryl rings connected by a methylene bridge have been developed. The fine‐tuning of their stereoelectronic properties and Lewis acidities was achieved by introducing fluorine, methyl, methoxy, n‐butyl and phenyl groups either at their exocyclic or bridged aryl rings. X‐ray diffraction analysis and quantum‐chemical calculations provided quantitative information on the structural distortion experienced by the near planar hydro‐boraanthracene skeleton during the association with Lewis bases such as NH3 and F−. Though the methylene bridge between the ortho‐positions of two aryl rings of triarylboranes decreased the Gibbs free energies of complexation with small Lewis bases by less than 5 kJ mol−1 relative to the classical Lewis acid BAr3, the steric shielding of the CH2 bridge is sufficient to avoid the formation of Lewis adducts with larger Lewis bases such as triarylphosphines. A newly synthesized spirocyclic amino‐borane with a long intramolecular B−N bond that could be dissociated under thermal process, UV‐irradiation, or acidic conditions might be a potential candidate in Lewis pairs catalysis.
A Streamlined Regenerative Glycosylation Reaction: Direct, Acid‐Free Activation of Thioglycosides
Authors: Escopy Samira , Singh Yashapal , Stine Keith J. , Demchenko Alexei V. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOur group has previously reported that 3,3‐difluoroxindole (HOFox) is able to mediate glycosylations via intermediacy of OFox imidates. Thioglycoside precursors were first converted into the corresponding glycosyl bromides that were then converted into the OFox imidates in the presence of Ag2O followed by the activation with catalytic Lewis acid in a regenerative fashion. Reported herein is a direct conversion of thioglycosides via the regenerative approach that bypasses the intermediacy of bromides and eliminates the need for heavy‐metal‐based promoters. The direct regenerative activation of thioglycosides is achieved under neutral reaction conditions using only 1 equiv. NIS and catalytic HOFox without the acidic additives.
From Distinct Metallopeptoids to Self‐Assembled Supramolecular Architectures
Authors: Ghosh Pritam , Fridman Natalia , Maayan Galia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe construction of synthetic protein mimics is a central goal in chemistry. A known approach for achieving this goal is the self‐assembly of synthetic biomimetic sequences into supramolecular structures. Obtaining different 3D structures via a simple sequence modification, however, is still challenging. Herein we present the design and synthesis of biomimetic architectures, via the self‐assembly of distinct copper‐peptoid duplexes. We demonstrate that changing only one non‐coordinating side‐chain within the peptoids—sequence‐specific N‐substituted glycine oligomers—leads to different supramolecular structures. Four peptoid trimers incorporating 2,2’‐bipyridine and pyridine ligands, and a non‐coordinating but rather a structure‐directed bulky group were synthesized, and their solutions were treated with Cu2+ in a 1:1 ratio. Single‐crystal X‐ray analysis of the products revealed the self‐assembly of each peptoid into a metallopeptoid duplex, followed by the self‐assembly of multiple duplexes and their packing into a three‐dimensional supramolecular architecture via hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions. Tuning the non‐coordinating side‐chain enables to regulate both the final structure being either a tightly packed helical rod or a nano‐channel, and the pore width of the nano‐channels. Importantly, all the metallopeptoids structures are stable in aqueous solution as verified by cryo‐TEM measurements and supported by UV/Vis and EPR spectroscopies and by ESI‐MS analysis. Thus, we could also demonstrate the selective recognition abilities of the nano‐channels towards glycerol.
Assessment of Industrial Greenhouse Gas Reduction Strategies Within Consistent System Boundaries
Authors: Wich‐Konrad Teresa , Lüke Wiebke , Oles Markus , Deerberg Görge 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWith respect to the climate goals of the greenhouse gas (GHG) neutrality in 2050, different GHG reduction strategies are discussed for industrial processes. For a comparison of the strategies carbon direct avoidance (CDA), carbon capture and storage, and carbon capture and utilization (CCU), the method system expansion is applied. Exemplarily, the CO2 reduction potential and the energy demand are determined. The Carbon2Chem® project is described as an example of CCU for the steel and chemical production. The direct reduction with H2 represents the CDA strategy for the steel industry.
Correlations between cardiac troponin I and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
Authors: Liu Limin , Liu Shangyu , Shen Lishui , Tu Bin , Hu Zhicheng , Hu Feng , Zheng Lihui , Ding Ligang , Fan Xiaohan , Yao Yan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundNonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) is an independent risk factor for sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). However, data concerning the correlations of cardiac biomarkers and NSVT in HOCM are rather limited.HypothesisOur study aimed to investigate the associations between the occurrence of NSVT and circulating biomarkers representing myocardial injury (cardiac troponin I, cTnI), cardiac function (N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide, NT‐pro BNP), and inflammation (high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein) in a large Chinese HOCM cohort.MethodsA total of 755 consecutive HOCM patients were recruited. Systematic cardiac evaluations and circulating biomarkers were examined routinely in all subjects under the clinically stable status. According to the results of 24‐hour Holter monitoring, patients were divided into the NSVT group (n = 138) and the nonventricular tachycardia (non‐VT) group (n = 617).ResultsCompared with the non‐VT group, circulating levels of both cTnI and NT‐pro BNP elevated significantly in patients with positive NSVT episodes (P < .001). Multivariable analyses demonstrated that cTnI was independently associated with the presence of NSVT (OR = 1.675, 95% CI: 1.406‐1.994, P < .001). Concentrations of cTnI increased progressively not only with the aggravation of ventricular arrhythmic events (P < .001), but also with the growing risk of SCD in HOCM patients (P < .001). Serum cTnI ≥ 0.0265 ng/mL indicated predictive value for the occurrence of NSVT in the HOCM cohort (area under the curve = 0.707, 95% CI: 0.660‐0.754, P < .001).ConclusionsElevated cTnI was an independent determinant of NSVT, and it seemed to be valuable for assessing the clinical status of ventricular arrhythmias and the risk of SCD in patients with HOCM.
Burden of premature ventricular contractions beyond nonsustained ventricular tachycardia is related to the myocardial extracellular space expansion in patients with hypertrophic‐cardiomyopathy
Authors: Chung Hyemoon , Park Chul‐Hwan , Kim Yoonjung , Kim Jong‐Youn , Min Pil‐Ki , Yoon Young Won , Lee Kyung‐A , Lee Byoung Kwon , Hong Bum‐Kee , Kim Tae Hoon , Rim Se‐Joong , Kwon Hyuck Moon , Choi Eui‐Young 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) is a risk factor for sudden cardiac death in hypertrophic‐cardiomyopathy (HCM), the impact of premature ventricular contraction (PVC) burden, in the absence of NSVT, is not well‐known.HypothesisPVC burden may be associated with myocardial fibrosis and genetic mutations in patients with HCM.MethodsOf the 212 patients prospectively enrolled to the HCM registry of genetics, 84 were evaluated with both cardiac magnetic resonance, 24‐hour Holter monitoring and genetic analysis. Among them, 71 patients have not been diagnosed with NSVT.ResultsPatients with NSVT (n = 13) had a higher late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) amount, extracellular volume fraction (ECV), and prevalence of sarcomere mutations compared with patients without NSVT. Among patients without NSVT, those with LGE (n = 46) had a higher total PVC (109 ± 332 vs 7 ± 13, P = .003) and PVC burden (0.114 ± 0.225 vs 0.008 ± 0.014%, P = .003) during 24‐hour Holter monitoring compared with others. The %LGE and global ECV were correlated with PVC burden (r = 0.377, P = .001; r = 0.401, P = .001). The optimal cutoff value for PVC number for LGE was 45 (37.0% and 100% sensitivity and specificity, respectively) with 0.733 of the area under the receiver operating characteristic‐curve (P < .001). Thick filament gene mutation was more prevalent in the higher PVC burden group (41.2% vs 16.7%, P = .048).ConclusionTotal PVC burden is significantly related to increase in myocardial fibrosis in HCM patients without NSVT.
Differentiation of Cancer Stem Cells by Using Synthetic Small Molecules: Toward New Therapeutic Strategies against Therapy Resistance
Authors: Maucort Chloé , Di Giorgio Audrey , Azoulay Stéphane , Duca Maria 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDespite the existing arsenal of anti‐cancer drugs, 10 million people die each year worldwide due to cancers; this highlights the need to discover new therapies based on innovative modes of action against these pathologies. Current chemotherapies are based on the use of cytotoxic agents, targeted drugs, monoclonal antibodies or immunotherapies that are able to reduce or stop the proliferation of cancer cells. However, tumor eradication is often hampered by the presence of resistant cells called cancer stem‐like cells or cancer stem cells (CSCs). Several strategies have been proposed to specifically target CSCs such as the use of CSC‐specific antibodies, small molecules able to target CSC signaling pathways or drugs able to induce CSC differentiation rendering them sensitive to classical chemotherapy. These latter compounds are the focus of the present review, which aims to report recent advances in anticancer‐differentiation strategies. This therapeutic approach was shown to be particularly promising for eradicating tumors in which CSCs are the main reason for therapeutic failure. This general view of the chemistry and mechanism of action of compounds inducing the differentiation of CSCs could be particularly useful for a broad range of researchers working in the field of anticancer therapies as the combination of compounds that induce differentiation with classical chemotherapy could represent a successful approach for future therapeutic applications.