bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dragonflies and damselflies (Odonata) from Puerto Rico: a checklist with notes on distribution and habitat
Authors: Ramírez Alonso , Maldonado-Benítez Norman , Mariani-Ríos Ashley , Figueroa-Santiago Javier 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundConservation of tropical freshwater fauna requires a solid understanding of species biodiversity patterns. We provide an up to date annotated list of Odonata of Puerto Rico, which is based on current reports. The list is complemented with notes on the geographic and altitudinal distribution of this order on the island. We also compare current composition relative to early reports conducted when Puerto Rico was mostly an agricultural region.MethodsWe surveyed adult Odonata all over Puerto Rico with the aid of undergraduate students. Students were trained on capturing, preserving, and data basing specimens. All material was centralized, identified by the lead author, and deposited in the Zoology Museum at the University of Puerto Rico (MZUPR), Río Piedras campus. Surveys were complemented with focal collections by the authors and a literature review of published records for Puerto Rico and the Caribbean. We requested records from specialists to obtain the most complete list of species for the island.ResultsAn annotated list of Odonata from Puerto Rico is presented, reporting 49 species distributed in two suborders and four families. We provide information on species distribution among municipalities and elevations around Puerto Rico. A historic list of species was developed for the 1930s-1940s, when agriculture covered most of Puerto Rico, based on literature and museum specimens. Both current and historic records are similar and suggest that the Odonata fauna is dominated by generalist species and has changed little since the agricultural period. Our list provides a point of reference to understand biodiversity patterns in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean and for assessing the effects of land use change on aquatic insect diversity.
Developing extruded seed pellets to overcome soil hydrophobicity and seedling emergence barriers
Authors: Ritchie Alison L. , Stevens Jason C. , Erickson Todd E. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract1. Globally, soil water repellency is a major constraint to plant establishment, restricting water infiltration and moisture retention in the seed zone which results in poor germination and seedling emergence.2. To address this problem within an ecosystem restoration context, we investigated the use of a surfactant in extruded seed pellets to improve native plant recruitment in water‐repellent topsoils of two proteaceous woodland species, Banksia menziesii R.Br (glasshouse trial) and Lambertia inermis R.Br (field trial). In this two‐part study, we first examined B. menziesii seedling performance in detail under glasshouse conditions for differences in survival between the extruded pelleting formulations after an induced drought at 12 weeks.3. We demonstrated that there was no difference in seedling emergence amongst control seed and pellet treatments in B. menziesii. Initially, B. menziesii seedlings emerged faster in the control treatment (non‐pelleted control seeds) and had greater initial plant growth (leaf and root production), however by Week 12, seedlings generated from pellets were not significantly different from the control seeds and pellets + surfactant had the greatest number of leaf establishment.4. Survival after drought of B. menziesii seedlings ranged from 14 to 31 days with pellet + surfactant surviving approximately 2.6 days (11.8%) longer than the control seeds. For the second species, L. inermis, seedling emergence under field conditions was approximately 24% greater in seedlings derived from extruded pellets; however, there was no difference in overall survival due to post‐emergence predation.5. This study provides a proof of concept that seedling emergence in water‐repellent soils can be enhanced with extruded pellets containing surfactants. Our demonstration under in situ and ex situ conditions confirms the prospective use of seed enhancement technologies with future development and field‐testing warranted.
Historically Black Colleges and Universities Supporting Veterans and Servicemembers: Insights From the Past in Preparation for the Future
Authors: Alston Geleana D. , Smith Shon D. , Collins Danya 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHistorically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) have a history of providing a welcoming space for veterans and is important for HBCUs to continue fostering an affirming educational space for this special student population. This article focuses on current veteran‐friendly practices within HBCUs. Specifically, we provide an overview of the historical footprint of HBCUs and military education. In addition, we illuminate six HBCUs that are distinguished within the 2020–2021 Military Friendly® listing. We conclude this article with future considerations for HBCUs as they continue to enrich their campuses to affirm veterans, servicemembers, and their families.
Expressive Writing for Veterans in Transition
Authors: Ott Jim E. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEducators are encouraged to engage military veterans enrolling in college in the use of expressive writing and related assignments as curriculum interventions to assist these student veterans in their transition from military to civilian life. This article describes semester‐long studies conducted in 2015, 2016, and 2017 in college classrooms consisting of student veterans enrolled in a unique for‐credit freshman‐level English composition and reading course.
Student Veteran Engagement in Online Education
Authors: Kirchner Michael J. , Pepper Stephen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis chapter is a case study of how a community college located in the Midwestern United States has worked to increase student veterans’ engagement with the campus community while simultaneously being enrolled in online degree programs. Student veterans experience unique transition challenges from the military into college. Moreover, the transition issues can be unintentionally exacerbated when student veterans enroll in degree programs offered entirely online. We consider strategies colleges can use to increase engagement of veterans primarily enrolled in online degree programs and outline their implementation. In addition, a discussion and corresponding challenges are outlined to help higher education administrators implement the engagement strategies with student veterans on their own campus. By developing a structured engagement system, higher education administrators can alleviate some of the transition issues plaguing student veterans and in turn improve engagement, retention, and graduation rates.
A Guide for Training Organizations to Promote Veteran‐Friendly Practices
Authors: Kirchner Michael J. , Minnis Sarah E. , Stull Faith 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhile few organizations would willingly identify as being unfriendly to veterans, articulating what being veteran friendly means is an ongoing challenge. As such, organization leaders may struggle to explain the term, beyond reporting a need to support military veterans. This knowledge gap could contribute toward the high turnover rates of military veterans, particularly within their first 2 years of employment. To lessen these struggles, the authors propose a framework focused on building and sustaining a veteran‐friendly organization. The framework provides an opportunity for organization leaders to improve their knowledge and preparation for creating a lasting veteran‐friendly culture. The paper introduces veteran employment challenges, offers a review of literature on veteran‐friendly organizations, details the proposed framework on veteran‐friendly practices, and concludes with a reflection on the framework and implications for organizations and scholars interested in supporting veteran career transitions.
Cross verification of independent dose recalculation, log files based, and phantom measurement‐based pretreatment quality assurance for volumetric modulated arc therapy
Authors: Han Ce , Yi Jinling , Zhu Kecheng , Zhou Yongqiang , Ai Yao , Zheng Xiaomin , Xie Congying , Jin Xiance 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIndependent treatment planning system (TPS) check with Mobius3D software, log files based quality assurance (QA) with MobiusFX, and phantom measurement‐based QA with ArcCHECK were performed and cross verified for head‐and‐neck (17 patients), chest (16 patients), and abdominal (19 patients) cancer patients who underwent volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Dosimetric differences and percentage gamma passing rates (%GPs) were evaluated and compared for this cross verification. For the dosimetric differences in planning target volume (PTV) coverage, there was no significant difference among TPS vs. Mobius3D, TPS vs. MobiusFX, and TPS vs. ArcCHECK. For the dosimetric differences in organs at risks (OARs), the number of metrics with an average dosimetric differences higher than ±3% for TPS vs Mobius3D, TPS vs MobiusFX, and TPS vs ArcCHECK were 1, 1, 7; 2, 1, 4; 1, 1, 5 for the patients with head‐and‐neck, abdomen, and chest cancer, respectively. The %GPs of global gamma indices for Mobius3D and MobiousFX were above 97%, while it ranged from 92% to 96% for ArcCHECK. The %GPs of individual volume‐based gamma indices were around 98% for Mobius3D and MobiousFX, except for γPTV for chest and abdominal cancer (88.9% to 92%); while it ranged from 86% to 99% for ArcCHECK. In conclusion, some differences in dosimetric metrics and gamma passing rates were observed with ArcCHECK measurement‐based QA in comparison with independent dosecheck and log files based QA. Care must be taken when considering replacing phantom measurement‐based IMRT/VMAT QA.
Costs of Joint Replacement in Osteoarthritis: A Study Using the National Joint Registry and Clinical Practice Research Datalink Data Sets
Authors: Leal Jose , Murphy Jacqueline , Garriga Cesar , Delmestri Antonella , Rangan Amar , Price Andrew , Carr Andrew , Prieto‐Alhambra Daniel , Judge Andrew 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTo estimate the costs of primary hip and knee replacement in individuals with osteoarthritis up to 2 years postsurgery, compare costs before and after the surgery, and identify predictors of hospital costs.MethodsPatients age ≥18 years with primary planned hip or knee replacements and osteoarthritis in England between 2008 and 2016 were identified from the National Joint Registry and linked with Hospital Episode Statistics data containing inpatient episodes. Primary care data linked with hospital outpatient records were also used to identify patients age ≥18 years with primary hip or knee replacements between 2008 and 2016. All health care resource use was valued using 2016/2017 costs, and nonparametric censoring methods were used to estimate total 1‐year and 2‐year costs.ResultsWe identified 854,866 individuals undergoing hip or knee replacement. The mean censor‐adjusted 1‐year hospitalization costs for hip and knee replacement were £7,827 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 7,813, 7,842) and £7,805 (95% CI 7,790, 7,818), respectively. Complications and revisions were associated with up to a 3‐fold increase in 1‐year hospitalization costs. The censor‐adjusted 2‐year costs were £9,258 (95% CI 9,233, 9,280) and £9,452 (95% CI 9,430, 9,475) for hip and knee replacement, respectively. Adding primary and outpatient care, the mean total hip and knee replacement 2‐year costs were £11,987 and £12,578, respectively.ConclusionThere are significant costs following joint replacement. Revisions and complications accounted for considerable costs and there is a significant incentive to identify best approaches to reduce these.
Data‐Driven Patient Clustering and Differential Clinical Outcomes in the Brigham and Women’s Rheumatoid Arthritis Sequential Study Registry
Authors: Curtis Jeffrey R. , Weinblatt Michael , Saag Kenneth , Bykerk Vivian P. , Furst Daniel E. , Fiore Stefano , St John Gregory , Kimura Toshio , Zheng Shen , Bingham Clifton O. , Wright Grace , Bergman Martin , Nola Kamala , Charles‐Schoeman Christina , Shadick Nancy 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTo use unbiased, data‐driven, principal component (PC) and cluster analysis to identify patient phenotypes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that might exhibit distinct trajectories of disease progression, response to treatment, and risk for adverse events.MethodsPatient demographic, socioeconomic, health, and disease characteristics recorded at entry into a large, single‐center, prospective observational registry cohort, the Brigham and Women’s Rheumatoid Arthritis Sequential Study (BRASS), were harmonized using PC analysis to reduce dimensionality and collinearity. The number of PCs was established by eigenvalue >1, cumulative variance, and interpretability. The resulting PCs were used to cluster patients using a K‐means approach. Longitudinal clinical outcomes were compared between the clusters over 2 years.ResultsAnalysis of 142 variables from 1,443 patients identified 41 PCs that accounted for 77% of the cumulative variance in the data set. Cluster analysis distinguished 5 patient clusters: 1) less RA disease activity/multimorbidity, shorter RA duration, lower incidence of comorbidities; 2) less RA disease activity/multimorbidity, longer RA duration, more infections, psychiatric comorbidities, health care utilization; 3) moderate RA disease activity/multimorbidity, more neurologic comorbidity; 4) more RA disease activity/multimorbidity, shorter RA duration, more metabolic comorbidity, higher body mass index; 5) more RA disease activity/multimorbidity, longer RA duration, more hepatic, orthopedic comorbidity and RA‐related surgeries. The clusters exhibited differences in clinical outcomes over 2 years of follow‐up.ConclusionData‐driven analysis of the BRASS registry identified 5 distinct phenotypes of RA. These results illustrate the potential of data‐driven patient profiling as a tool to support personalized medicine in RA. Validation in an independent data set is ongoing.
Intrinsic Structure Modification of Electrode Materials for Aqueous Metal‐Ion and Metal‐Air Batteries
Authors: Ling Wei , Wang Hua , Chen Zhe , Ji Zhenyuan , Wang Jiaqi , Wei Jun , Huang Yan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn consideration of low cost, simple operation, safe reliability, and environmental benignity, aqueous rechargeable batteries (ARBs) have attracted great interest among portable electronic devices, energy storage, and power source batteries. As the key components of ARBs, the electrode materials lead to a crucial effect for the overall battery properties, such as working voltage, electrocatalytic activity, capacity, and cycling stability. However, owing to the highly reactive aqueous environment, the electrode materials typically demonstrate a series of issues, including active material dissolution, structural instability, and poor catalytic activity, restricting their application. So far, several researchers have devoted much effort to improve the properties of electrode materials for ARBs. In particular, intrinsic structure modification in terms of vacancy regulation, interlayer engineering, and element doping have been applied to optimize the electronic and phase structure of electrode materials, contributing to elevated ion diffusion, fast charge transfer, and adequate active sites for electrochemical reaction. In this review, recent reports are demonstrated about the intrinsic structure modification of electrode materials in aqueous metal‐ion and metal‐air batteries, focusing on various regulation strategies and functional mechanisms. Finally, a brief conclusion and perspective is presented to demonstrate constructive suggestions and opinions for further research.
Ion‐Selective Electrocatalysis on Conducting Polymer Electrodes: Improving the Performance of Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Vagin Mikhail , Che Canyan , Gueskine Viktor , Berggren Magnus , Crispin Xavier 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe selective ion transport characteristics of a conducting polymer electrode, based on poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), is evaluated with respect to its electrocatalytic performance, specifically targeting redox switching of quinone couples. Employing model organic redox quinones, here, the novel phenomenon of ion‐selective electrocatalysis (ISEC) is conceptualized. The effect of ISEC is studied and evaluated using two forms of PEDOT electrodes, which differ in their ion‐exchange characteristics, by comparing the redox transformations of catechol and tiron. It is rationalized that the choice of the specific redox couple and the ion selectivity characteristics of the conducting polymer electrode impacts the activation losses in aqueous organic redox‐flow batteries. By carefully selecting and designing the conducting polymer electrodes, high conversion efficiency on acid‐resistant electrodes is obtained. As far as it is known, this is the first redox flow battery to include conducting polymer electrodes operating in both the posolyte and negolyte configurations, thus the first “all‐organic” RFBs.
Renoprotective Angiographic Polymersomes
Authors: Liu Danqing , Cornel Erik Jan , Du Jianzhong 
Published: October 2020

AbstractComputed tomography (CT) angiography is powerful for the diagnosis of vascular diseases. Unfortunately, this method usually requires a high dosage of iodinated contrast agents, which can lead to severe elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels within kidneys. This causes oxidative stress, apoptosis, and hence contrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN), a leading cause of iatrogenic renal failure, especially for patients with renal insufficiency. Herein, a route is shown to circumvent such problems with the usage of rationally designed renoprotective angiographic polymersomes (RAPs) as blood pool CT contrast agents. RAPs are biodegradable nanoparticles prepared via self‐assembly of poly(ethylene oxide)‐block‐poly(triiodobenzoic chloride‐conjugated polylysine‐stat‐phenylboronic acid pinacol ester‐conjugated polylysine) (PEO45‐b‐P[(Lys‐IBC)45‐stat‐(Lys‐PAPE)15]). The key to the efficiency of such nanoparticles as renoprotective contrast agents arises from the rationally chosen repeat units: Lys‐IBC exhibits a concentration‐dependent X‐ray attenuation capability and Lys‐PAPE introduces an ROS‐scavenging ability to the polymersome. The study shows that RAPs can reduce the risk of CIN in mice with kidney injury. Additionally, a 5‐fold increase in angiographic live time is observed using RAPs, compared to commonly used iodinated small molecule contrast agents. In summary, a new strategy is proposed for the design of a renoprotective angiographic contrast agent that is capable of reducing the risk of CIN.
Engineered Full‐Length Fibronectin–Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels for Stem Cell Engineering
Authors: Trujillo Sara , Vega Sebastián L. , Song Kwang Hoon , San Félix Ana , Dalby Matthew J. , Burdick Jason A. , Salmeron‐Sanchez Manuel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMechanical cues induce a variety of downstream effects on cells, including the regulation of stem cell behavior. Cell fate is typically characterized on biomaterial substrates where mechanical and chemical properties can be precisely tuned; however, most of these substrates do not recapitulate the biological complexity of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, hydrogels are engineered for mechanobiological studies using two major components of the ECM: hyaluronic acid (HA) and fibronectin (FN). Rather than typical surface chemisorption of FN to substrates, the system contains full‐length FN covalently crosslinked to HA throughout the hydrogel. The control over the mechanical properties of the hydrogel independent of the concentration of FN and the ability to culture viable cells either on top or encapsulated within the hydrogels are shown. Interestingly, human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) experience an increase in nuclear translocation of the yes‐associated protein (YAP) to the nucleus when cultured on (2D) substrates with increasing amounts of FN while maintaining constant hydrogel stiffness. However, this FN dependence on nuclear YAP translocation is not observed for MSCs encapsulated in (3D) hydrogels. This work develops complex hydrogels that recapitulate features of the ECM for the control of stem cells in both 2D and 3D environments.
Cell‐Membrane‐Display Nanotechnology
Authors: Wang Yulan , Zhang Peng , Wei Yan , Shen Kailun , Xiao Leyi , Miron Richard J , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAdvances in material science have set the stage for nanoparticle‐based research with potent applications for the diagnosis, bioimaging, and precise treatment of diseases. Despite the wide range of biomaterials developed, the rational design of biomaterials with predictable bioactivity and safety remains a critical challenge. In recent years, the field of cell‐membrane‐based therapeutics has emerged as a promising platform for addressing unmet medical needs. The utilization of natural cell membranes endows biomaterials with a remarkable ability to serve as biointerfaces that interact with the host environment. To improve the function and efficacy of cell‐membrane‐based therapeutics, a series of novel strategies is developed as cell‐membrane‐display nanotechnology, which utilizes various methods to selectively display therapeutic molecules of cell membranes on nanoparticles. Although cell‐membrane‐display nanotechnology remains in the early phases, considerable work is currently being conducted in the field. This review discusses details of innovative strategies for displaying cell‐membrane molecules, including the following: 1) displaying molecules of cell membranes on biomaterials, 2) pretreating cell membranes to induce increased expression of inherent molecules of cell membranes and enhance their function, and 3) inserting additional functional molecules on cell membranes. For each area, the theoretical basis, application scenarios, and potential development are highlighted.
Efficient Drug Delivery Carrier Surface without Unwanted Adsorption Using Sulfobetaine Zwitterion
Authors: Jung Sungwon , Park Sohyeon , Choi Daheui , Hong Jinkee 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMany studies describing the high colloidal stability and antifouling effects of zwitterion nanoparticles are reported; however, to date, disadvantages including complex synthetic methods and lack of methods for hydration layer analysis persist. In this study, zwitterion nanoparticles (SiZwit) are synthesized using (3‐aminopropyl)triethoxysilane and 1,3‐propane sultone and the hydration layer and colloidal stability of SiZwit are analyzed. Investigation of dipole–dipole interactions between zwitterion nanoparticles and H2O molecules reveals that a stronger hydration layer is formed on the SiZwit. The antifouling effect of SiZwit increases by more than 80–90% due to the hydration layer. The colloidal stability in deionized water, phosphate‐buffered saline, and in cell growth media increases more than fourfold compared to the bare silica nanoparticle (SiOH), and amine‐functionalized silica nanoparticle (SiNH2). No cell cytotoxicity of SiZwit is observed and cellular uptake for normal cells and macrophages is significantly reduced. Moreover, as seen from the drug loading and release profile of SiZwit, a fourfold increase in drug loading and sustained release is observed because of stable electrostatic interactions compared to SiOH and SiNH2.