bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor Penetrating Peptide-Functionalized Tenascin-C Antibody for Glioblastoma Targeting
Authors: Lingasamy Prakash , Laarmann Anett-Hildegard , Teesalu Tambet 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Conjugation to clinical-grade tumor penetrating iRGD peptide is a widely
used strategy to improve tumor homing, extravasation, and penetration of cancer drugs and tumor
imaging agents. The C domain of the extracellular matrix molecule Tenascin-C (TNC-C) is upregulated
in solid tumors and represents an attractive target for clinical-grade single-chain antibody-
based vehicles for tumor delivery drugs and imaging agents.

Objective:
To study the effect of C-terminal genetic fusion of the iRGD peptide to recombinant anti-
TNC-C single-chain antibody clone G11 on systemic tumor homing and extravasation.

Methods:
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to study the interaction of parental and
iRGD-fused anti-TNC-C single-chain antibodies with C domain of tenascin-C and αVβ3 integrins.
For systemic homing studies, fluorescein-labeled ScFV G11-iRGD and ScFV G11 antibodies were
administered in U87-MG glioblastoma xenograft mice, and their biodistribution was studied by
confocal imaging of tissue sections stained with markers of blood vessels and Tenascin C immunoreactivity.

Results:
In a cell-free system, iRGD fusion to ScFV G11 conferred the antibody has a robust ability
to bind αVβ3 integrins. The fluorescein labeling of ScFV G11-iRGD did not affect its target
binding activity. In U87-MG mice, iRGD fusion to ScFV G11 antibodies improved their homing to
tumor blood vessels, extravasation, and penetration of tumor parenchyma.

Conclusion:
The genetic fusion of iRGD tumor penetrating peptide to non-internalizing affinity targeting
ligands may improve their tumor tropism and parenchymal penetration for more efficient delivery
of imaging and therapeutic agents into solid tumor lesions.
Expanding Opportunities in Treatment of Leukemia by Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
Authors: Yadav Prarthna , Mishra Harshita , Nagpal Manju , Aggarwal Geeta 
Published: October 2020

Background:Leukemia is a severe type of blood cancer that involves an abnormal proliferation of blood-forming cells. Its conventional treatment faces many challenges, including resistance, lack of specificity and high unwanted toxicity of drugs. Nano drug delivery systems help in overcoming these challenges by delivering the drug to the target site actively or passively. Solid lipid nanoparticles are gaining popularity because they reduce unwanted toxicity, are biocompatible, increase bioavailability and are versatile in terms of incorporated agents (hydrophilic as well as lipophilic drugs, genes, enzymes, etc.).Purpose:The aim of this review is to discuss recent advancements in anti-leukemic therapy utilizing solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) as successful carriers in enhancing the efficiency of the treatment and bioavailability of the incorporated drug along with overcoming multidrug resistance.Methods:This review represents the existing literature on the applications of SLNs in anti-leukemic therapy. A qualitative literature review has been performed for this purpose. We performed keyword research in popular databases such as Google Scholar, Wiley, Elsevier, Scopus, Google patent and PubMed. Only articles published in English and from reputed journals from specific fields were considered. Benchmark studies having major importance from 2000 to 2020 were selected to follow the progress in the field across the globe.Results:This article improves the understanding of the role of SLNs in the treatment of leukemia. Traditional anti-leukemic therapy involves many challenges, including resistance, lack of specificity and high unwanted toxicity of drugs. SLNs are emerging as a better alternative to conventional delivery systems as they can reduce unwanted toxicity, are biocompatible, and can provide active as well as passive molecular targeting.Conclusion:SLNs provide several advantages in drug delivery for leukemia, including enhancement of efficiency and bioavailability and reduction of toxicity by virtue of their small size, lipid core, non-dependency on organic solvents and versatility in terms of incorporated drugs.
Prevalence of Breast Complaints in Women with Mastopathy in Khorramabad
Authors: Ahmadinejad Mojtaba , Zarei Farshad 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Evaluation and screening of breast cancer demand significant primary care practice. Breast pain
and nipple discharge are the frequent complaints owing to the benign conditions. Objective: In this study, we have
investigated the prevalence of breast complaints among women referred to our clinic in Khorramabad, Iran.

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study about the prevalence of breast-related complaints in women with breast problems
referred to surgery clinic over a period 6 months.

Results:
Among 151 patients, following outcomes were seen; breast pain (60.3%), lump (27.8%), nipple discharge (4%),
lump with pain (4.6%) and other (0.7%). 11 patients were presented lump malignancy (23.9%) including; fibrocystic
change (56.5%) and fibro-adenoma (19.6%).

Conclusion:
This study showed that breast pain was the most common of all complaints and fibrocystic change was the
most detected lump-type. Lumps were frequent in single women whereas, mastalgia in common in married women.
Effect of Kegel Exercises on Pelvic Floor Muscle Disorders in Prenatal and Postnatal Women - A Literature Review
Authors: Torgbenu Eric Lawer , Aimakhu Christopher O. , Morhe Emmanuel Komla Senanu 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Pelvic floor disorders affect many women globally.

Objective:
To provide a critical appraisal of the literature on the effects of pelvic floor disorders on
the quality of life and functioning of pregnant and postnatal women.

Methods:
Available literature was reviewed and summarized to discuss the definitions, pelvic floor
anatomy, dysfunctions, and the mechanism of the condition, and more specifically, on the strengthening
exercises for the pelvic floor muscles.

Results:
Pelvic floor disorder is an important public health concern because of the high prevalence,
deleterious effects on pregnancy, and its outcomes as well as impacts on the health care system.
They include genuine urinary incontinence, bladder and bowel incontinence, pelvic pain, weakness
of the pelvic muscles, weakness of the muscles of the core stability, and the prolapse of pelvic organs.
Pregnancy and subsequent vaginal delivery are causes associated with pelvic floor muscle
disorders. Approximately 60% and 50% of community settlers and residents of nursing homes respectively
are affected by urinary incontinence and the numbers increase with hysterectomy. Multiple
birth, obesity, chronic coughs, overweight babies, and heavy lifting are associated with risk
factors. Treatment of pelvic floor muscle disorders should involve an increased physical activity
prescription among women diagnosed with weaker pelvic floor muscles, engaging the multidisciplinary
team, increasing the quality of life and functioning of women during and after pregnancy.
Training aimed at strengthening the pelvic floor muscles is beneficial and prevents dysfunctions.

Conclusion:
Structured and well organised pelvic floor muscle training regimen, also known as
Kegel exercises, is important in preventing disorders of the pelvic floor during pregnancy and after
delivery.
Role of Sm3+ Doping on Structural, Optical and Photoluminescence Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Sol-gel Auto- combustion Method
Authors: Naik Eshwara I. , Naik Halehatty S.B. , Viswanath Ranganaik 
Published: October 2020

Background:
Various interesting consequences are reported on structural,
optical, and photoluminescence properties of Zn1-xSmxO (x=0, 0.01, 0.03
and 0.05) nanoparticles synthesized by sol-gel auto-combustion route.

Objective:
This study aimed to examine the effects of Sm3+-doping on structural
and photoluminescence properties of ZnO nanoparticles.

Methods:
Zn1-xSmxO (x=0, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05) nanoparticles were synthesized
by sol-gel auto combustion method.

Results:
XRD patterns confirmed the Sm3+ ion substitution through the undisturbed
wurtzite structure of ZnO. The crystallite size was decreased from 24.33
to 18.46 nm with Sm3+ doping. The hexagonal and spherical morphology of nanoparticles
was confirmed by TEM analysis. UV-visible studies showed that Sm3+
ion doping improved the visible light absorption capacity of Sm3+ iondoped ZnO
nanoparticles. PL spectra of Sm3+ ion-doped ZnO nanoparticles showed an
orange-red emission peak corresponding to 4G5/2→6HJ (J=7/2, 9/2 and 11/2) transition
of Sm3+ ion. Sm3+ ion-induced PL was proposed with a substantial increase
in PL intensity with a blue shift in peak upon Sm3+ content increase.

Conclusion:
Absorption peaks associated with doped ZnO nanoparticles were
moved to a longer wavelength side compared to ZnO, with bandgap declines
when Sm3+ ions concentration was increased. PL studies concluded that ZnO
emission properties could be tuned in the red region along with the existence of
blue peaks upon Sm3+ ion doping, which also results in enhancing the PL intensity.
These latest properties related to Sm3+ ion-doped nanoparticles prepared by a
cost-efficient process appear to be interesting in the field of optoelectronic applications,
which makes them a prominent candidate in the form of red light-emitting
diodes.
Pengaruh Jenis Oli Bekas Sebagai Bahan Bakar Kompor Pengecoran Logam Terhadap Waktu Konsumsi dan Suhu Maksimal pada Pembakaran
Authors: Hidayat Alif Rivan , Basyirun Basyirun 
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the influence of distance traveled of used oil on fuel consumption rate and its maximum combustion temperature. In terms of consumption rate, used oil combustion tends to be slow because it must reach a certain point in order to burn. The maximum combustion temperature of used oil is comparable to other ordinary fuels, and it is suitable for use in metal casting. The study concluded that the longer the distance traveled, the faster the fuel consumption rate required. Used oil of 2200 km distance traveled is the fastest to burn, 0.8 liters in 745 seconds. The slowest to burn is the one with a distance traveled of 1800 km, which burns in 1031 seconds. The farther the distance traveled yields in a lower combustion temperature reached. At a distance traveled of 1800 km, the maximum temperature is 963.3 °C, while at 2200 km, the maximum temperature is 797.5 °C.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh jenis oli bekas terhadap waktu konsumsi bahan bakar dan suhu maksimal pada pembakaran oli bekas. Ditinjau dari segi kecepatan konsumsi bahan bakar, pembakaran oli bekas konsumsinya cenderung lambat karena oli bekas harus mencapai titik tertentu agar dapat terbakar. Ditinjau dari suhu maksimal yang dihasilkan mampu bersaing dengan kompor – kompor dengan bahan lainya dan juga untuk ukuran kompor pengecoran logam sudah memadahi. Pada penelitian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin jauh jarak tempuh maka semakin cepat/ rendah waktu konsumsi bahan bakar yang diperlukan. Jarak 2200 km merupakan waktu tercepat untuk menghabiskan 0,8 liter oli bekas dengan waktu 745 detik. Sementara waktu terlama yaitu 1031 detik pada jarak 1800 km. semakin jauh jarak tempuh maka suhu maksimal yang dihasilkan semakin rendah. Pada jarak 1800 km menghasilkan suhu maksimal mencapai 963,3 OC, sementara jarak 2200 km hanya mampu menhasilkan suhu maksimal sebesar 797,5 OC.
Pengaruh Tekanan Udara Terhadap Temperatur Pembakaran Oli Bekas pada Kompor
Authors: Ramadhan Gilang Wahyu , Basyirun Basyirun 
Published: October 2020

Used oil is a waste, and optimization is needed to use it as a fuel properly. In the combustion of used oil, air pressure is very influential in achieving optimal temperature. The air pressure affects the pressure of the incoming air. Other than temperature, air pressure affects and determines the inflow air density. The research uses an experimental method. This study concludes that air pressure affects the temperature of used oil combustion. The higher the air pressure, the more optimum the combustion temperature. A pressure of 2.5 bar yields in maximum temperature of 994.5 ℃ and a combustion time of 151 seconds. Conversely, air pressure of 0.5 bar yields in maximum temperature of 662.0 ℃ and longer combustion time, which is 843 seconds.Oli bekas merupakan limbah, dimana belum terlalu optimal untuk di jadikan bahan bakar. Pada pembakaran oli bekas tekanan udara sangat berpengaruh untuk mencapai temperatur yang optimal. Hal ini berpengaruh pada tekanan udara yang masuk.. Di mana tekanan udara merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi dan menentukan kerapatan udara selain daripada suhu. Metode Penelitian yang berkaitan dengan pengaruh tekanan udara terhadap temperatur pembakaran oli bekas pada kompor gas ini menggunakan metode eksperimen. Penelitian ini dapat di simpulkan bahwa tekanan udara berpengaruh pada temperatur pembakaran oli bekas. Pengaruh tekanan udara terhadap temperatur pembakaran yaitu apabila tekanan udara semakin tinggi maka temperatur pembakaran yang di hasilkan lebih maksimal dengan tekanan 2,5 bar mendapatkan 994,5 dan pembakaran semakin cepat yaitu mencatatkan waktu 151 detik, sebaliknya tekanan semakin rendah maka temperatur pembakaran minimal dengan 0,5 bar mendapatkan temperatur 662,0 dan memperoleh waktu pembakaran yang lebih lama yaitu sebesar 843 detik.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN, KOMUNIKASI, DAN SISTEM RELIGI TERHADAP KETERLIBATAN MASYARAKAT DI DESA WISATA PANGLIPURAN
Authors: Trisna Semara I Made , Saputra I Putu David Adi 
Published: October 2020

Pembangunan pariwisata berkelanjutan merupakan komitmen internasional untuk menjamin keberlanjutan pariwisata. Bali, sebagai destinasi pariwisata utama di Indonesia, mengalami pertumbuhan pembangunan yang signifikan dalam 20 tahun terakhir. Pertumbuhan pembangunan tersebut secara langsung menyebabkan berkembangnya Desa Wisata di Bali. Hal tidak lepas dikarenakan adanya keterlibatan masyarakat. Salah satu Desa Wisata yang mengalami pertumbuhan dan perkembangan yang sangat signifikan adalah Desa Wisata Panglipuran. Riset ini disusun dengan tujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis pengaruh Kepemimpinan, Komunikasi, dan Religi terhadap Keterlibatan Masyarakat dalam pengembangan Desa Wisata Panglipuran. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner tertutup dengan skala pengukuran menggunakan skala likert. Responden yang digunakan adalah masyarakat Desa Panglipuran sebanyak 100 orang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan software SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari tabel Path Coefficients menunjukan nilai-nilai X1 à Y sebesar 2.858, X2 à Y sebesar 7.357, dan X3 à Y sebesar 1.883, yang berarti Kepemimpinan, Komunikasi dan Religi secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap keterlibatan masyarakat dam pengembangan Desa Wisata Panglipuran.
Patogenesis Human Papillomavirus (HPV) pada Kanker Serviks
Authors: Evriarti Paulina Rosa , Yasmon Andi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCervical cancer is the most common cancer among women in the world. The main cause of the development of cervical cancer is due to persistent infection of a high-risk type (HR) - Human Papillomavirus (HPV). The mechanisms of HPV in causing cervical cancer are discussed in this article that collected from current information published in a scientific journal. The main target of HPV infection is the basal layer of cervical epithelia and the virus could reach its target when there is a microabrasion of epithelial cells. The HPV binds to its specific receptor on the host cellular surface and followed by the entering virus into the cytoplasm through the endocytosis process. After successfully entering the cell, the virus will uncoat and begin the replication process by hijacking the transcription and translation system of host cells. E6 and E7 proteins play an important role in the inactivation of tumor suppressor proteins p53 and pRb, causing the cells to uncontrolled divide (immortal). If the immune response failed to interfere with the replication process and eliminates HPV-infected cells, the HPV infection will lead to cervical cancer. In conclusion, the mechanism of HPV causing cervical cancer is complex and involves important proteins of HPV.
AbstrakKanker serviks merupakan kanker paling banyak kedua yang diderita oleh perempuan di dunia. Penyebab utama dari perkembangan kanker serviks yakni adanya infeksi yang persisten tipe high risk (HR) – Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Artikel ini disusun untuk mengetahui mekanisme HPV dalam menimbulkan kanker serviks. Uraian dan tulisan mengenai isi artikel ini diperoleh dengan melakukan beberapa studi literatur yang terkait dengan HPV dalam menyebabkan kanker serviks. HPV dalam perannya menimbulkan kanker serviks diawali dengan masuknya HPV ke dalam lapisan sel epitel pejamu karena adanya mikroabrasi atau luka kecil. Bila berhasil melakukan pelekatan pada sel epitel serviks melalui reseptornya, virus akan diendositosis dan masuk ke dalam sel. Setelah berhasil masuk sel, virus akan mengalami uncoating, kemudian virus akan memulai proses replikasinya dengan cara mengambil alih sistem transkripsi dan translasi sel pejamu. Protein E6 dan E7 berperan penting dalam hal ini karena adanya kedua protein tersebut menghalangi kerja dari protein supressor tumor p53 dan pRb sehingga sel menjadi imortal dan pembelahan sel menjadi tidak terkendali. Apabila proses ini terakumulasi tanpa berhasil dieliminasi oleh sistem imun, infeksi oleh virus HPV dapat menjadi persisten dan timbul suatu keganasan berupa kanker serviks. Dari paparan tersebut, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa mekanisme HPV dalam menyebabkan kanker serviks merupakan mekanisme yang cukup kompleks dan melibatkan protein-protein penting yang ada dalam genom HPV.
PERAN LINGKUNGAN DAN INDIVIDU TERHADAP MASALAH DIARE DI PULAU JAWA DAN BALI
Authors: Dharmayanti Ika , Tjandrarini Dwi Hapsari 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Diarrhea is a major health problem in Indonesia with high morbidity and mortality rates. Unhealthy environment and unhygienic behavior are closely related to diarrhea disease. This study aims to identify the association between environmental conditions and behavior with the occurrence of diarrhea in Jawa and Bali. Data source used was the integration data of March’s Susenas and Riskesdas 2018. A logistic regression analysis was chosen to elicit the relationship between sanitation and drinking water facilities, open defecation practice, and other factors with the prevalence of diarrhea. The results showed that open defecation (OR = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.29; P<0.001, and improper of household sanitation and drinking water (OR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.2; P = 0.003) had significant association with diarrhea. Other factors are age 0-5 years (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.46 to 1.66; P <0,001) and low education (OR = 1.33; 95% CI: 1.21 to 1.47; P <0,001). This study shows the hygienic behavior is the essential factors to reduce the incidence of diarrhea. Therefore, it is recommended to to prioritize aspects of behavior and environmental health, namely changing people’s behavior to defecate in a latrine, and provide proper sanitation and sufficient drinking water.
Keywords: Diarrhea; sanitation; drinking water; open defecation

ABSTRAK
Penyakit diare merupakan masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia dengan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang masih tinggi. Lingkungan yang tidak sehat dan perilaku tidak higienis sangat erat kaitannya dengan penyakit diare. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara kondisi lingkungan dan perilaku dengan penyakit diare di pulau Jawa dan Bali. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data integrasi Susenas Maret dan Riskesdas 2018. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi logistik untuk melihat hubungan antara ketersediaan sanitasi dan air minum, perilaku buang air besar serta faktor lainnya terhadap kejadian diare. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa faktor perilaku buang air besar sembarangan (OR = 1,2; 95% CI: 1,12 - 1,29; P <0,001) serta akses sanitasi dan air minum rumah tangga tidak layak/tidak tersedia (OR = 1,11; 95% CI: 1,04 - 1,2; P = 0,003) memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian diare. Faktor lainnya yaitu: usia 0-5 tahun (OR = 1,56; 95% CI: 1,46 - 1,66; P <0,001) dan pendidikan rendah (OR = 1,33; 95% CI: 1,21 - 1,47; P <0,001). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku higienis sangat penting untuk menurunkan kejadian diare. Oleh karena itu direkomendasikan untuk mengutamakan aspek perilaku dan kesehatan lingkungan, yaitu merubah perilaku masyarakat untuk BAB di jamban, serta menyediakan sanitasi dan air minum yang layak.
Kata kunci: Diare, sanitasi, sarana air minum, buang air besar sembarangan
Tingkat Infestasi Schistosomiasis Pada Tikus di Daerah Endemis Napu, Kabupaten Poso, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Nurwidayati Anis , Anastasia Hayani , Srikandi Yuyun , Wijatmiko Tri Juni , Amiruddin Murni 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Rats are known as the natural reservoir of several worm infections that are important for public health, one of which is schistosomiasis. This study aimed to identify the species variety of rats and infection rate of schistosomiasis in rats in schistosomiasis Napu endemic areas, especially in Dodolo and Kaduwaa villages, Poso District, Central Sulawesi. This research was an observational study that conducted from May to June 2018. Trap the rats was carried out for three consecutive nights using 100 traps that were conducted in different places, namely cacao fields, bamboo groves, corn fields, and shrubs. The total number of rats caught in Dodolo Village was 15 of the 100 traps. The species of rats found were Rattus argentiventer, Rattus sp., R.tanezumi, R.exulans, Maxomys muschenbroekii, and Paruromys dominator. The number of rats infected with schistosomiasis was 7 (46,67% infection rate). The total number of rats caught in Kaduwaa Village was 13 of the 100 traps. The species oof rats found were Rattus argentiventer, R.tanezumi, and R.exulans. The number of rats infected with schistosomiasis were 3 (23,07% infection rate). From the results can be concluded that sylvatic transmission of schistosomiasis still occured in endemic areas.
Abstrak
Tikus dikenal sebagai reservoir alami dari beberapa infestasi cacing yang penting bagi kesehatan masyarakat, salah satunya schistosomiasis. Tikus mengandung telur cacing Schistosoma japonicum yang dapat ditularkan ke manusia secara tidak langsung melalui hospes keong perantara schistosomiasis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis tikus dan tingkat infestasi cacing S. japonicum pada tikus di daerah endemis schistosomiasis Napu, khususnya di Desa Dodolo dan Kaduwaa, Kabupaten Poso, Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional yang dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai Juni tahun 2018. Penangkapan tikus dilakukan selama tiga malam berturut-turut menggunakan 100 perangkap mati yang dipasang pada tempat yang berbeda, yaitu daerah fokus keong kebun cokelat, kebun bambu, kebun aren, kebun enau, aliran air, padang rumput, dan sawah. Jumlah total tikus yang tertangkap di Desa Dodolo adalah 15 ekor. Jenis tikus yang ditemukan yaitu Rattus argentiventer, Rattus sp., R.tanezumi, R.exulans, Maxomys muechenbroekii, dan Paruromys dominator. Jumlah tikus yang terinfestasi schistosomiasis sebanyak 7 ekor (infection rate 46,67%). Jumlah total tikus yang tertangkap di Desa Kaduwaa adalah 13 ekor dari 100 perangkap yang dipasang selama tiga malam. Jenis tikus yang ditemukan yaitu Rattus argentiventer, R.tanezumi, dan R.exulans. Jumlah tikus yang terinfestasi schistosomiasis adalah 3 ekor (infection rate 23,07%). Berdasarkan temuan tikus yang terinfestasi schistosomiasis tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penularan schistosomiasis yang melibatkan hewan liar masih terjadi di daerah endemis Napu, Kabupaten Poso, Sulawesi Tengah.