bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting precursors of an imminent landslide along the Jinsha River
Authors: Yang Wentao , Liu Lianyou , Shi Peijun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Landslides are major hazards that may pose serious
threats to mountain communities. Even landslides in remote mountains could
have non-negligible impacts on populous regions by blocking large rivers and
forming dam-breached mega floods. Usually, there are slope deformations
before major landslides occur, and detecting precursors such as slope
movement before major landslides is important for preventing possible
disasters. In this work, we applied multi-temporal optical remote sensing
images (Landsat 7 and Sentinel-2) and an image correlation method to detect
subpixel slope deformations of a slope near the town of Mindu in the Tibet
Autonomous Region. This slope is located on the right bank of the Jinsha
River, ∼80 km downstream from the famous Baige landslide. We used a
DEM-derived aspect to restrain background noise in image correlation
results. We found the slope remained stable from November 2015 to November
2018 and moved significantly from November 2018. We used more data to
analyse slope movement in 2019 and found retrogressive slope movements with
increasingly large deformations near the riverbank. We also analysed
spatial–temporal patterns of the slope deformation from October 2018 to
February 2020 and found seasonal variations in slope deformations. Only the
foot of the slope moved in dry seasons, whereas the entire slope was activated
in rainy seasons. Until 24 August 2019, the size of the slope with
displacements larger than 3 m was similar to that of the Baige landslide.
However, the river width at the foot of this slope is much narrower than the
river width at the foot of the Baige landslide. We speculate it may continue
to slide down and threaten the Jinsha River. Further modelling works should
be carried out to check if the imminent landslide could dam the Jinsha River and
measures should be taken to mitigate possible dam breach flood disasters. This
work illustrates the potential of using optical remote sensing to monitor
slope deformations over remote mountain regions.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Environmental Management and Sustainable Development, Vol. 9 No. 4
Authors: Young Jenny 
Published: November 2020

Environmental Management and Sustainable Development (EMSD) would like to thank the following reviewers for reviewing manuscripts from August 1, 2020, to November 1, 2020. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Many authors, regardless of whether EMSD publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Macrothink Institute appreciates the following reviewers’ rigorous and conscientious efforts for this journal. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review during this period. Adriano Magliocco, University of Genoa, ItalyAghop Der-Karabetian, University of La Verne, USAChristiane do Nascimento Monte, Universidade Federal Fluminense, BrazilDastun Gabriel Msuya, Sokoine University Of Agriculture, TanzaniaDavid Layfield, University of Maryland, JapanElham Mohamed, National Research Centre, EgyptErfan Babaee Tirkolaee, Mazandaran University of Science and Technology, IranFarhaoui Mohamed, National Office of Electricity and Drinking Water, MoroccoHayssam Mohamed Ali, King Saud University, EgyptJoão Fernando Pereira Gomes, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, PortugueseManuel Mendoza-Carranza, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), MexicoMohammad Aghababaei, Washington State University, USAMona M. Amin Abdel-Fatah, National Research Center in Egypt, EgyptOylum Gokkurt Baki, Sinop University, TurkeyUsama Awan, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan
Caracterización florística y estructural de especies arbóreas asociadas al bosque de encino-pino de la Reserva Santa Rosa, Estelí, Nicaragua
Authors: Reynoza Ruiz Luz Esmelda , Mayorga Arostegui Enrique 
Published: November 2020

La caracterización estructural es uno de los principales fundamentos para entender la distribución y dominancia espacial de las especies forestales. El estudio se desarrolló en la Reserva Santa Rosa ubicado en el municipio de Estelí en la comunidad Almaciguera. Se realizó el levantamiento de cuatro parcelas circulares de 314 m2 cada una, a lo largo de un gradiente florístico de 1 km. Se registró el diámetro, altura, edad de los árboles y se recolectó material vegetativo a nivel herbáceo y arbustivo para caracterizar las estructuras de las especies en la asociación encontrada. Las especies reportadas en las parcelas mostró un total de 13 familias, 14 géneros y 19 especies herbáceas y arbustivas; se identificó especies bajo el dosel del bosque, especies herbáceas y arbustivas generalistas y selectivas de acuerdo a gradientes ambientales. La composición florística reportó densidades similares para Q. sapotifolia y densidades variantes para P. maximinoi. La prueba Kruskal Wallis reflejó una p=0.416 en cuatro rangos diferentes, los datos no presentaron diferencias significativas en la asociación. El coeficiente de Gini presentó los valores más desiguales para la parcela dos del área intervenida con 0.86, además de presentar la variación mayor en relación al diámetro con 79 cm para Quercus y presentar las parcelas más diversas en cuanto al número de especies. La dominancia, estuvo representada por Pinus con 15.61 m2 ha-1. El IR lo registró Pinus con 139.57 % en la parcela dos del área de bosque de pino esto se debe a que existe una etapa sucesional inicial y/o intermedia, debido al proceso de regeneración natural que ha presentado la especies como una estrategia para su permanencia.
Epistemologías indígenas y escolaridad. Relaciones y tensiones en el cotidiano escolar
Authors: Sulca Elisa Martina de los Ángeles 
Published: November 2020

La investigación que sustenta este artículo fue resultado del doctorado con el propósito de comprender las dimensiones que urden la trama de las experiencias escolares de jóvenes en la Argentina que se autorreconocen al pueblo indígena Tastil y concurren a una escuela rural de nivel secundario. Se ahonda en el entramado de relaciones y tensiones entre el capital cultural (comunitario indígena y familiar) y el capital escolar que subyace en la unidad social representada por una configuración escolar y, que cobra sentido en el tejido social e histórico más amplio.
Por la naturaleza del objeto de estudio, el enfoque y la estructuración de la investigación se apoyan en un diseño de tipo cualitativo (Vasilachis de Gialdino, 2007). Se optó por un estudio de caso de carácter exploratorio. Los instrumentos de recolección de datos fueron cuestionarios semiestructurados, entrevistas en profundidad y observaciones participantes. El material empírico obtenido pone en evidencia que los modos de hablar, comunicarse, concebir y ocupar el espacio social que traen consigo los estudiantes, guardan distancias significativas con el capital cultural que imparte y legitima la escuela. Más que un dialogo de epistemologías, hay una tensión y confrontación que deja al descubierto las desigualdades de poder entre grupos indígenas e institución escolar. Desigualdades que se expresan mediante procesos de inferiorización y discriminación que devalúa las subjetividades estudiantiles
Over stromen, waterscheidingen en koudwatervrees: de overgang van strafrecht naar GGZ sinds de Wet forensische zorg
Authors: van der Wolf M.J.F. (Michiel) , Klappe A.W.T. (Astrid) , Mevis P.A.M. (Paul) 
Published: November 2020

Over stromen, waterscheidingen en koudwatervrees: de overgang van strafrecht naar GGZ sinds de Wet forensische zorg
In deze bijdrage wordt in een vroeg stadium of het doel van de Wet forensische zorg (Wfz) om doorstroom vanuit het strafrecht naar de GGZ te bevorderen bereikt wordt. Daarbij wordt zowel gekeken naar de stelselwijziging van inkoop van forensische zorg door de minister van Justitie en Veiligheid vanaf 2008, zoals grotendeels gecodificeerd in de Wfz, als de directe overgangsmogelijkheid via de zorgmachtiging door de strafrechter (art. 2.3). Hierbij wordt beeldspraak uit het watermanagement gebruikt, met stromen, waterscheidingen en koudwatervrees.
Duizelingwekkende en zorgwekkende ontwikkelingen in de rechtspositie van gedetineerden
Authors: Struijk S. (Sanne) 
Published: November 2020

Duizelingwekkende en zorgwekkende ontwikkelingen in de rechtspositie van gedetineerden
In toenemende mate wordt in het penitentiair beleid niet alleen de doelmatigheid, maar ook de eigen verantwoordelijkheid van de gedetineerde vooropgesteld. Dit laatste geschiedt dan vanuit de neoliberale responsabiliseringsgedachte dat het gevangeniswezen zich nog slechts hoeft in te spannen om de gedetineerde zelf in staat te stellen zich op zijn terugkeer in de samenleving voor te bereiden, mits en zolang hij dat zelf tenminste wil, zich daarvoor inzet en daar ook zijn verantwoordelijkheid voor neemt. Deze bijdrage bespreekt enkele voorbeelden van de doorgevoerde en aangekondigde veranderingen in het penitentiair recht en betoogt dat deze wijzigingen al met al een forse achteruitgang van de rechtspositie van en rechtszekerheid voor gedetineerden met zich brengen.
Troubled Process of Parturition of the Domestic Pig
Authors: Oliviero Claudio , Peltoniemi Olli 
Published: November 2020

Over the past three decades, efficient breeding and management have almost doubled the litter size of sows. Simultaneously, duration of farrowing has increased markedly. The expulsion phase of parturition in the hyper prolific sow is now 3 to 5 times longer than it was in the early 1990s. There has also been a constant downward trend in piglet birth weight, along with a similar trend in colostrum intake, which is an important risk factor for piglet mortality. Together with these trends, an increase in farrowing complications, such as postpartum dysgalactia and retention of placenta, has been reported. This paper investigates group housing of sows during gestation, farrowing and lactation, focusing on management strategies of the sow. In short, the sow needs to be given space and enrichment materials for adequate expression of nest-building behavior. Maternal characteristics may be utilized to improve the success rate of reproductive management during farrowing and early lactation. The lower piglet birth weight and compromised immunity of newborn piglets warrant investigation in the search for novel management tools. Robust breeds with somewhat lower litter size, but improved resilience and increased birth weight may be needed in the near future.
De la recherche-action à la conférence spectacle participative : la tradition chantée et dansée en Nouvelle-Acadie
Authors: Joly Diane 
Published: November 2020

Dans la région de Lanaudière, Philippe Jetté et Mélanie Boucher se sont donné la mission de transmettre aux Lanaudois et Lanaudoises le patrimoine immatériel propre au territoire. Interpellé par une approche intimiste et dynamique de la transmission, le duo propose des conférences spectacles participatives, dont leur projet Chansons et réflexions intimes, dans un salon ouvert ! lancé à l’automne 2018. Ainsi, le couple s’invite chez six familles afin d’explorer avec eux la vie familiale de la chanson de tradition orale. Unique en son genre, leur création est un essai vivant croisant le théâtre, le spectacle, la veillée traditionnelle et la médiation culturelle. L’article propose d’étudier le parcours de ces médiateurs, eux-mêmes porteurs de tradition, et cette activité novatrice qui leur a valu le prix Desjardins 2019 d’innovation culturelle dans Lanaudière.
Psychiatrie transculturelle : pour une éthique de tous les mondes
Authors: Mc Mahon Audrey , Radjack Rahmeth , Moro Marie Rose 
Published: November 2020

La psychiatrie transculturelle s’intéresse à l’impact de la culture sur la santé mentale et la maladie et remet le patient au centre de la relation en respectant ses manières de faire et de penser, individuellement mais aussi collectivement. La culture définit les représentations ontologiques, les théories étiologiques et les logiques thérapeutiques qui influencent l’expression symptomatologique de la souffrance et les modes de résilience des individus, tout aussi variés que les cultures desquelles elles émergent. Or la psychiatrie occidentale est de la même manière indissociable de la culture dans laquelle elle est née, ce qui pose la question de la souffrance psychique et des soins en situation transculturelle. La psychiatrie transculturelle amène le clinicien à se remettre en question et à élargir la clinique aux questions sociales, géopolitiques et historiques qui teintent les liens du tissu social, les relations de pouvoir et l’accès aux soins pour les individus des communautés culturelles. Comment faire que notre rencontre avec les patients venus d’autres mondes et ne partageant pas la même langue que nous soit éthique? Comment soigner face à l’altérité culturelle? Et quels impacts pour la santé mentale des jeunes d’aujourd’hui qui grandissent dans ces sociétés mondialisées aux défis identitaires complexes qui peuvent mener à des radicalités? Nous proposons dans cet article quelques réponses à ces défis éthiques et cliniques, en passant par le métissage des représentations, gage d’un meilleur vivre ensemble et d’une créativité renouvelée, pour un « ethos de la solidarité » dans les soins en santé mentale.
Memory as Prediction
Authors: Vecchi Tomaso , Gatti Daniele 
Published: November 2020

Theoretical reflections on memory and prediction, linking these concepts to the role of the cerebellum in higher cognition.
What is memory? What is memory for? Where is memory in the brain? Although memory is probably the most studied function in cognition, these fundamental questions remain challenging. We can try to answer the question of memory's purpose by defining the function of memory as remembering the past. And yet this definition is not consistent with the many errors that characterize our memory, or with the phylogenetic and ontogenetic origin of memory. In this book, Tomaso Vecchi and Daniele Gatti argue that the purpose of memory is not to remember the past but to predict the future.
Vecchi and Gatti link memory and prediction to the role of the cerebellum in higher cognition, relying on recent empirical data to support theoretical reflections. They propose a new model of memory functions that comprises a system devoted to prediction, based in the cerebellum and mediated by the hippocampus, and a parallel system with a major role for cortical structures and mediated by the amygdala. Although memory is often conceived as a kind of storehouse, this storehouse is constantly changing, integrating new information in a continual process of modification. In order to explain these characteristics, Vecchi and Gatti argue, we must change our interpretation of the nature and functions of the memory system.
Adaptive evolution at mRNA editing sites in soft-bodied cephalopods
Authors: Moldovan Mikhail , Chervontseva Zoe , Bazykin Georgii , Gelfand Mikhail S. 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundThe bulk of variability in mRNA sequence arises due to mutation—change in DNA sequence which is heritable if it occurs in the germline. However, variation in mRNA can also be achieved by post-transcriptional modification including mRNA editing, changes in mRNA nucleotide sequence that mimic the effect of mutations. Such modifications are not inherited directly; however, as the processes affecting them are encoded in the genome, they have a heritable component, and therefore can be shaped by selection. In soft-bodied cephalopods, adenine-to-inosine RNA editing is very frequent, and much of it occurs at nonsynonymous sites, affecting the sequence of the encoded protein.MethodsWe study selection regimes at coleoid A-to-I editing sites, estimate the prevalence of positive selection, and analyze interdependencies between the editing level and contextual characteristics of editing site.ResultsHere, we show that mRNA editing of individual nonsynonymous sites in cephalopods originates in evolution through substitutions at regions adjacent to these sites. As such substitutions mimic the effect of the substitution at the edited site itself, we hypothesize that they are favored by selection if the inosine is selectively advantageous to adenine at the edited position. Consistent with this hypothesis, we show that edited adenines are more frequently substituted with guanine, an informational analog of inosine, in the course of evolution than their unedited counterparts, and for heavily edited adenines, these transitions are favored by positive selection. Our study shows that coleoid editing sites may enhance adaptation, which, together with recent observations onDrosophilaand human editing sites, points at a general role of RNA editing in the molecular evolution of metazoans.
Cumulative oxygen deficit is a novel predictor for the timing of invasive mechanical ventilation in COVID-19 patients with respiratory distress
Authors: Ge Huiqing , Zhou Jian-cang , Lv FangFang , Zhang Junli , Yi Jun , Yang Changming , Zhang Lingwei , Zhou Yuhan , Ren Binbin , Pan Qing , Zhang Zhongheng 
Published: November 2020

Background and objectives
The timing of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) is controversial in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory hypoxemia. The study aimed to develop a novel predictor called cumulative oxygen deficit (COD) for the risk stratification.

Methods
The study was conducted in four designated hospitals for treating COVID-19 patients in Jingmen, Wuhan, from January to March 2020. COD was defined to account for both the magnitude and duration of hypoxemia. A higher value of COD indicated more oxygen deficit. The predictive performance of COD was calculated in multivariable Cox regression models.

Results
A number of 111 patients including 80 in the non-IMV group and 31 in the IMV group were included. Patients with IMV had substantially lower PaO2 (62 (49, 89) vs. 90.5 (68, 125.25) mmHg; p < 0.001), and higher COD (−6.87 (−29.36, 52.38) vs. −231.68 (−1040.78, 119.83) mmHg·day) than patients without IMV. As compared to patients with COD < 0, patients with COD > 30 mmHg·day had higher risk of fatality (HR: 3.79, 95% CI [2.57–16.93]; p = 0.037), and those with COD > 50 mmHg·day were 10 times more likely to die (HR: 10.45, 95% CI [1.28–85.37]; p = 0.029).

Conclusions
The study developed a novel predictor COD which considered both magnitude and duration of hypoxemia, to assist risk stratification of COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress.
Coherent Chiral‐Selective Absorption and Wavefront Manipulation in Single‐Layer Metasurfaces
Authors: Zhang Ziying , Zhang Xueqian , Xu Yuehong , Chen Xieyu , Feng Xi , Liu Meng , Xu Quan , Kang Ming , Han Jiaguang , Zhang Weili 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecently, chiral metasurfaces have drawn enormous attentions due to their flexibility in realizing nearly arbitrary chiral effect with designable strength. One intriguing direction in this field is chiral‐selective absorption. However, previous studies mostly require multilayer design and meanwhile often work in a passive way. Here, for the first time to the authors’ knowledge, a chiral‐selective metasurface absorber is experimentally demonstrated with a single‐layer free‐standing metasurface using coherent control method, where the strength of the chiral‐selective behavior can be actively tuned with a 100% modulation depth by simply changing the phase difference between the two coherent inputs. Specifically, under coherent symmetric illumination, near unity absorption is achieved for one circularly polarized incidence, while high‐efficiency cross‐polarization conversion is obtained for the other circularly polarized incidence. Such chiral‐selective absorption property is quite suitable for achieving coherent chiral‐selective wavefront control for the unabsorbed circularly polarized incidence. Three coherent chiral metagratings are designed and experimentally characterized by further employing Pancharatnam–Berry phase method and multiplexed method, where very good performances are achieved. The proposed approach on coherent control can enrich the functionalities and also improve the performances of the conventional single‐layer metasurfaces, which can find extending applications in various practical cases.
Shedding Light on Extracellular Vesicle Biogenesis and Bioengineering
Authors: Teng Fei , Fussenegger Martin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are biocompatible, nano‐sized secreted vesicles containing many types of biomolecules, including proteins, RNAs, DNAs, lipids, and metabolites. Their low immunogenicity and ability to functionally modify recipient cells by transferring diverse bioactive constituents make them an excellent candidate for a next‐generation drug delivery system. Here, the recent advances in EV biology and emerging strategies of EV bioengineering are summarized, and the prospects for clinical translation of bioengineered EVs and the challenges to be overcome are discussed.
Product tri‐section based crude distillation unit model for refinery production planning and refinery optimization
Authors: Li Fupei , Qian Feng , Yang Minglei , Du Wenli , Mahalec Vladimir 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAccuracy of a crude distillation unit (CDU) model has a significant impact on refinery production planning. High accuracy is typically accomplished via nonlinear models which causes convergence difficulties when the entire refinery model is optimized. CDU model presented in this work is a mixed‐integer linear model with a modest number of binary variables; its accuracy is on par with rigorous tray to tray CDU models. The model relies on the observation12 that a line through the middle of the product true boiling point (TBP) curve depends on the crude feed properties and the yields of the adjacent products. Novelty of the product tri‐section CDU model is that it does not require models of individual distillation towers comprising the CDU, thereby leading to a much simpler model structure. Significant reduction in the computational effort required for the optimization of nonlinear refinery models is illustrated by comparison with previous work.
Selenium‐NMR Spectroscopy in Organic Synthesis: From Structural Characterization Toward New Investigations
Authors: Silva Márcio S. , Alves Diego , Hartwig Daniela , Jacob Raquel G. , Perin Gelson , Lenardão Eder J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis review article deals with organic synthesis from the perspective of selenium‐77 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Different types of organic reactions are briefly discussed, incorporating mechanism aspects through 77Se NMR observable intermediates and by‐products. The 77Se NMR experiments are demonstrated in terms of structural characterization and new insights for organic reactions. The ability to visualize different molecules in a reaction mixture provides a facile and versatile route for the development of synthetic organoselenium compounds. Thus, the review describes the strategies accomplished mainly in the past five years in the syntheses and applications of the organoselenium compounds, focusing on 77Se NMR spectroscopy.