bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Bibliometric Landscape of Infectious Disease Research in Panama (1990 - 2019): An Evaluation of the Country’s Capability on One Health
Authors: Loaiza Jose , Zapata Robinson , Kosagisharaf Rao , Gittens Rolando A. , Mendoza Enrique , Sanjur Oris I. , Urrutia Víctor Sánchez , Romero Luz I. , Franco Leticia , Armien Blas , González-Santamaría José , Ortega-Barría Eduardo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: This work aims to analyze the landscape of scientific publications on subjects related to One Health and infectious diseases in Panama. We asked the following specific questions: How does the One Health research landscape look like in Panama? Are historical research efforts aligned with the One Health concept? What infectious diseases have received more attention from the local scientific community since 1990?Methods: Boolean searches on the Web of Science, SCOPUS and PubMed were undertaken to evaluate the main trends of publications related to One Health and infectious disease research in the country of Panama, between 1990 and 2019. Results: 4,547 publications were identified since 1990, including 3,564 peer-reviewed articles interconnected with One Health related descriptors, and 211 articles focused particularly on infectious diseases. There was a pattern of exponential growth in the number of publications with various contributions from Panamanian institutions. The rates of multidisciplinary, inter-institutional and inter-sectoral research ranged from moderate to low, to very low, respectively. Research efforts have centered largely on protozoan, neglected and arthropod-borne diseases with a strong emphasis on malaria, Chagas and leishmaniasis. Conclusion: Panama has scientific capabilities on One Health to tackle future infectious disease threats, but the official collaboration schemes and strategic investment to develop further competencies need to be considered. Through future collaborative efforts, Panama can reduce the risk of pandemics by developing surveillance strategies to improve the prediction of disease spillover, spread and persistence while helping to mitigate the impact on public health and the economy, regionally.
Expression of Serum Cytokines Profile in Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Kuang Mengjiao , Chen Suipeng , Huang Shirui , Gong Binbin , Lin Suzhen , Wang Huiyan , Wang Guiye , Tao Hongqun , Yu Jian , Yang Zuqin , Jiang Minghua , Xie Qipeng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Sepsis remained a major cause of neonatal death, but the pathologic mechanisms were poorly understood. The objective of this study was to characterize the serum cytokine/chemokine profile in neonates with sepsis. In this study, we enrolled 40 full-term neonates with sepsis and 19 neonates without infection as controls. Serum 40 cytokines/chemokines were analyzed using Luminex Bead Immunoassay System. Serum IL-17 was measured using enzyme-linked immune-absorbent assay. Our results showed that serum IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-1β, MIF, CXCL13, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL5, CXCL6, CXCL16, CCL27, CCL2, CCL8, CCL3, CCL20, CCL23, CCL27 and CX3CL1 were significantly increased in neonates with sepsis compared to controls (all p<0.05). The levels of serum CXCL6, CXCL1, IL-6, CXCL10, CXCL11, CCL20, and IL-17 were higher in LOS than those in EOS (all p<0.05). Conversely, serum IL-16, CXCL16, CCL22 were lower in LOS than those in EOS (all p<0.05). The levels of CX3CL1, CXCL2, CCL8 and TNF-α were all positively correlated with SOFA scores. We suggest that excessive pro-inflammatory cytokines might involve in the damage of neonatal sepsis. In addition, chemokines significantly increased the recruitment of immune cells after infection to participate in the anti-infection defense of neonates, but they might lead to damage.
The effect of specific nutritional modification program on specific liver findings in children with chronic liver disease: A clinical trial
Authors: Jafari SeyedAli , Rezaeian Aramesh , Nomjuo Zahra , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , ghaneifar Zahra 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Liver disease leads to complex pathophysiological injuries that affect digestion, absorption, distribution, storage and use of food. The effect that chronic liver disease has on the nutritional status and health of the child is determined by the cause and severity of liver disease and the age of onset of liver disease. As liver disease progresses, so do the symptoms and complications of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of specific nutrition adjustment program on specific liver findings in children with chronic liver disease.Methods: In this clinical trial study, 75 children with chronic liver disease were randomly divided into two groups (45 in the intervention group and 30 in the control group). At the beginning of the study, the necessary experiments were taken from two groups. The intervention group received a nutritional adjustment program during 6 sessions of the workshop. After 12 weeks of follow-up, bilirubin level (total, direct), albumin level, PT, INR, transaminases (AST, ALT) were measured in both groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 16 and Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests.Results: At the beginning of the study, both groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic variables. In the post-intervention stage compared to the pre-intervention stage in the intervention group, the mean scores of prothrombin time (P = 0/040), albumin (P = 0/007), aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase (p˂0/001)were statistically significant:. But the mean score of total bilirubin (P = 0/063) in the post-intervention stage compared to before the intervention in the intervention group was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Nutrition education and encouragement of patients with chronic liver disease to follow a special diet can be an important factor in feeling healthy and preventing the progression of the disease.Trial registration: Name of registry: Zahra NamjouIRCT registration number: IRCT2015091424019N1 Registration date: 2016-01-30 Registration timing: retrospective
Clinical Determinants of the Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wu Yanling , Li Hu , Li Shengjin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging pathogen, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared a global pandemic. We aim to summarize current evidence regarding the risk of death and the severity of COVID-19 as well as risk factors for severe COVID-19.Methods: The PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases as well as some Chinese databases were searched for clinical and epidemiological studies on COVID-19. We conducted a meta-analysis to examine COVID-19-related death and risk factors for the severity of COVID-19.Results: A total of 55 studies fulfilled the criteria for this review. The case fatality risk ranged from 0 to 61.5%, with a pooled estimate of 3.3%. The risks of ICU admission, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)and severe COVID-19 were 24.9%, 20.9% and 26.6%, respectively. Factors related to the risk of severe COVID-19 were older age (MD=10.09, 95% CI:7.03, 13.16), male sex (OR=1.62, 95% CI:1.32, 1.99), hypertension (OR=2.34, 95% CI:1.47, 3.73), diabetes (OR=2.25, 95% CI:1.68, 3.03), chronic renal disease (OR=3.60, 95% CI:1.53, 8.46), heart disease (OR=2.76, 95% CI:1.78, 4.30), respiratory disease (OR=3.74, 95% CI:2.15, 6.49), cerebrovascular disease (OR=2.21, 95% CI:1.23, 3.98), higher D-dimer levels (SMD=0.62, 95% CI:0.28, 0.96), and higher IL-6 levels (SMD=2.21, 95% CI:0.11, 4.31). However, liver disease (OR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.36, 1.10) was found to be a nonsignificant predictor of the severity of COVID-19.Conclusions: The case fatality risk of COVID-19 and the risk of severe manifestations were not very high, and variances in the study designs and regions led to high heterogeneity among the studies. Male sex, older age, comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and cerebrovascular disease could increase the risk of developing a severe case of COVID-19. Laboratory parameters, such as D-dimer and IL-6 levels, could affect the prognosis of COVID-19.
Transcriptional Regulation of Photomorphogenesis in Brassica Napus Under Different Light Quality
Authors: Zhang Xin , Liu Yang , Huang Yuqing , Wu Dezhi , Cai Shengguan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Plants undergo skotomorphogenesis or photomorphogenesis upon the absence or presence of light. Although the light signaling pathway has been well documented in Arabidopsis, relatively little is known in other plant species including Brassica napus.Results: In this study, we examined the response of hypocotyl elongation to different light quality (white, blue, red and far-red light) in B. napus. The result showed each of tested light quality promoted photomorphogenesis, with less effect of red light than blue/far-red light. Subsequently, RNA-sequencing was performed to obtain the transcriptomic profile in B. napus in response to dark and different light quality. A total of 9748 genes were differentially expressed among treatments. Correlation analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) indicated the transcriptomic profile in red light exhibited an analogous pattern with that in dark to some extent, while blue/far-red light induced transcriptional profiles showed distinct patterns. Moreover, we found the differential expressions of PHYB, COP1 and BBXs homologs between two subgenomes, which may affect their interactions with up/downstream pathway. Finally, we constructed a transcriptional network including light signaling, phytohormone and cell elongation/modification, which explained the observed hypocotyl phenotype under different light quality.Conclusions: We partially explained why red light has reduced effect on photomorphogenesis in B. napus by RNA-seq and displayed gene expression of the key regulators in light signaling pathway and their contribution to photomorphogenesis under different light quality in B. napus. The result could improve new sight into understanding on transcriptional regulation of photomorphogenesis of B. napus.
Space Time Trends of Community Onset Staphylococcus Aureus Infections in Children Living in Southeastern United States: 2002-2010
Authors: Immergluck Lilly , Geng Ruijin , Li Chaohua , Edelson Mike , Waller Lance , Rust George S. , Xu Junjun , Leong Traci , Baltrus Peter 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) remains a serious cause of infections in the U.S. and worldwide. Non antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus (methicillin susceptible or MSSA) is the cause of half of all health care–associated staphylococcal infections, and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) still is the leading cause of community onset skin and soft tissue infections in the U.S. This is the first study to spatially look at trends of both community onset MRSA and MSSA infections over nine years and determine ‘best’ to ‘worst’ infection trends over a nine year period (2002-2010),which spanned when community onset MRSA infections were occurring in epidemic proportions across the U.S. MethodsRetrospective study from 2002-2010, using electronic health records of children living in the southeastern U.S. (Atlanta, Georgia) with S. aureus infections and relevant U.S. census data (at the census tract level). The Proc Traj for SAS was applied to generate community onset MRSA and MSSA trajectory infection groups (low, high, very high, or deviant trends), and then, mapping of these trajectory groups using census tract boundaries.ResultsFrom community onset MRSA infection trend patterns (low, high, very high), only 0.8% of the census tracts showed a dramatic increase from 2002-2007 and then a gradual decline from 2008 to 2010. From community onset MSSA infection trend patterns (low and high), 85.7% of ‘high infection’ group persisted throughout the nine year period, compared to 14.3% of ‘low infection’ group over this same period. Low community onset MRSA and MSSA trend patterns were seen throughout the 20 counties of Atlanta, Georgia’s metropolitan statistical area, but more often seen in those counties less densley populated. Census tracts reflecting Atlanta’s ‘innercity’ had the highest proportion of the worst infection trend pattern (community onset MRSA-Very High-CO-MSSA-High or community onset MRSA-High-CO-MSSA-High). The deviant trend of community onset MRSA Very High- CO-MSSA Low infection were in census tracts east of downtown Atlanta. Conclusions ‘Trends’ of S. aureus infection patterns, stratified by antibiotic resistance, over geographic areas and time identify communities with higher risks for community onset MRSA infection compared to community onset MSSA infection.
Epidemiological Survey, Molecular Detection and Risk Factors of Camel ORF Virus in Arero District, Ethiopia
Authors: Diba Bareda , Shigute Birhanu Ayele , Gelalcha Benti Deresa , Adane Bedane , Plummer Paul J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: While camels (dromedaries) were traditionally believed to be resistant to mostlivestock diseases, research has demonstrated that they are susceptible to a large number ofinfectious agents. Based on the clinical appearance of typical lesions, Camel contagiousecthyma (CCE), caused by a Orf virus, is thought to be one of the most common viraldiseases of camelids in Ethiopia. However, the epidemiology of the disease has not beenformally described and the causative agent has never been molecularly confirmed.Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2013 to April 2014 inArero district of Borena Zone, to assess morbidity and mortality rates of the of diseaseconsistent with CCE, isolate and molecularly identify the causative agents and to find out thepotential risk factors. Molecular technique, namely, PCR based on B2L gene-specific primers ofORFV was used for the confirmatory diagnosis of CCE virus from the skin lesions.Results: Majority (86.8%) of the respondents indicated occurrence of CCE outbreaks in theirherds in the past one year (a year preceding the start of the study). The overall morbidity andmortality rates attributed to CCE was 43.6% (95 % CI: 41.2%–46%) and 6.3% (95 % CI: 5.2–7.6%) respectively. Confirmatory diagnosis of the suspected Orf virus isolates usingconventional PCR techniques generated the expected amplification product of 1200bp for oneof the samples. No product was amplified from the DNA samples of the negative control.This study showed that young camels (calves) had higher odds of becoming affected by CCEthan adults [OR=3.44 (95 % CI: 2.29 –4.09); (p<0.05)]. The disease had marked seasonalitywith most of the cases occurring during rainy season. Acacia trees significantly contribute tovirus dissemination through damaging the lips of browsing camels.Conclusions: This study confirms the presence and importance of CCE in Ethiopia andestablishes the basis for further research.
Human Ageing is Associated with More Rigid Concept Spaces
Authors: Devine Sean , Neumann Cassandra , Levari David , Wilson Robert , Eppinger Ben 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Prevalence-induced concept change describes a cognitive mechanism by which someone’s definition of a concept shifts as the prevalence of instances of that concept changes. The phenomenon has real-world implications because this sensitivity to environmental characteristics may lead to substantial biases in judgements. While prevalence-induced concept change has been established in young adults, it is unclear how it changes as a function of human ageing. In this cross-sectional study, we explore how prevalence-induced concept change affects older adults’ lower-level, perceptual, and higher-order, ethical, judgements. We find that older adults are less sensitive to prevalence-induced concept change than younger adults across domains. Using a combination of computational and experimental approaches, we demonstrate that these changes in judgements are sensitive to the pace with which the stimuli occur in the environment and are affected by the effort that subjects invest in order to make accurate decisions. Based on findings from three experiments we argue that older adults’ concept spaces are more rigid than those of younger adults. However, what appear as an age-related cognitive “deficit” may turn out to be beneficial because it makes older adults less susceptible to biases in judgments.
Understanding the Barriers to Using Oral Anticoagulants Among Long-Term Aspirin Users With Atrial Fibrillation – A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ng Vanessa WS , Siu Chung-Wah , Chiu Patrick KC , Kng Carolyn PL , Jamieson Elizabeth , Wong Ian CK , Lam May PS 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Despite international treatment guidelines currently advocating oral anticoagulants (OACs) as the only appropriate stroke prevention therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and evidence that OACs can greatly reduce the risk of stroke with similar risk of bleeding compared with aspirin, the underuse of OACs in patients with AF is common globally, especially in Asia. This study aimed to identify the barriers to prescribing and using OACs among long-term aspirin users with AF.Method: Face-to-face interviews were conducted with fourteen eligible patients with AF using a semi-structured interview guide. The interview recordings were transcribed verbatim and data was analyzed according to the principles of thematic analysis.Results: Five themes were developed: awareness of AF symptoms and diagnosis; knowledge and understanding of AF and stroke prevention therapy; role of decision-making in prescribing; willingness to switch from aspirin to OACs; and impact of OAC regimen on daily living. The majority of the patients were not aware of the symptoms and diagnosis of AF and only had a vague understanding of the illness and stroke prevention therapy, leading to their minimal involvement in decisions relating to their treatment. Some patients and their caregivers were particularly concerned about the bleeding complications from OACs and perceived aspirin to be a suitable alternative as they find the adverse effects from aspirin manageable and so preferred to remain on aspirin if switching to OACs was not compulsory. Lastly, the lifestyle modifications required when using warfarin, e.g. alternative dosing regimen, diet restriction, were seen as barriers to some patients and caregivers. Conclusion: The findings revealed patients’ knowledge gap in AF management which may be targeted using educational interventions to improve patients’ understanding of AF and its management and hence encourage active participation in the decision-making of their treatment in the future.
Sequence Representations and Their Utility for Predicting Protein-protein Interactions
Authors: Kimothi Dhananjay , Biyani Pravesh , Hogan James M. , Davis Melissa J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) are a crucial mechanism underpinning the function of the cell. Predicting the likely relationship between a pair of proteins is thus an important problem in bioinformatics, and a wide range of machine-learning based methods have been proposed for this task. Their success is heavily dependent on the construction of the feature vectors, with most using a set of physicochemical properties derived from the sequence. Few work directly with the sequence itself. Recent works on embedding sequences in a low dimensional vector space has shown the utility of this approach for tasks such as protein classification and sequence search. In this paper, we extend these ideas to the PPI prediction task, making inferences from the pair instead of the individual sequences.Methods: We propose a generic PPI prediction framework that constitutes a representation learning module for feature construction and a binary classifier. To construct the feature vector for a protein pair, we concatenate the distributed representations (embeddings) learned for the sequences of the constituent proteins. Each protein pair is represented as a 200-dimensional feature vector. To learn the embedding of a sequence, we use two established methods - Seq2Vec and BioVec, and we also introduce a novel feature construction method and call it SuperVecNW. The embeddings generated through SuperVecNW captures network information to some extent, along with the contextual information present in the sequences. Finally, we feed these feature vectors into a Random forest classifier to predict protein pair interactions.Results: To show the efficacy of our proposed approach, we evaluate its performance on human and yeast PPI datasets, benchmarking against the established methods. Furthermore, we test our approach on three well known networks: the one-core network (CD9), the multiple-core network (Ras-Raf-Mek-Erk-Elk-Srf pathway), and the cross-connection network (Wnt-related network) and demonstrate the improvement in predicting PPIs compared to the other methods.Conclusions: Naive low dimensional sequence embeddings provide better results on protein-protein interaction prediction task than most of the alternative representations based on other physiochemical properties. These methods require computationally modest effort due to their lower dimensionality. Advanced representation learning methods that enrich the sequence embeddings with meta information are expected to improve the results further.
Analysis and Comparison of Different Obesity Evaluation Indices and Their Effects on Hypertension, Diabetes, and Dyslipidaemia
Authors: Ting Yin , Zhang Jia-xing , Zhao Yi , Li Xiao-xia , Liu Xiu-ying , Li Nan , Zhang Yu-hong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Standard measures that define obesity and related disorders varies widely, this study investigated the relationship between different anthropometric indices of obesity criteria and their correlation to hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia in a local adult population in China.Methods: The study participants underwent the same questionnaire survey, bio-impedance body composition analysis, and blood laboratory test. The t-test and chi-square test were used to compare the characteristics of different groups, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyse the correlation of different indicators and explore their cut-off values.Results: The study comprised 14,926 participants, of whom 39.80% (5948/14,926) were male, and the mean age of the study population was 56.75±9.74 years. The waist circumference had the greatest influence on all factors, and BMI, AVI, and BRI were similarly correlated. WHtR had the largest AUC for predicting obesity in both sexes, and in addition, we provided a recommended cut-off value of BMI, WHR, WHtR, BAI, OBD, CI, AVI, ABSI and BRI. WHtR had the largest AUC for predicting diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia, while BMI also served as a good predictive indicator (all P<0.001).Conclusions: Among the samples in this study, WHtR may be the best indicator for predicting obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia, and AVI is a good indicator in Chinese adults specifically.