bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Expression of miR-513c and miR-3163 was Downregulated in Tumor Tissues Compared with Margin Tissues of Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Delgir Soheila , Ilkhani Khandan , Safi Asma , Seif Farhad , Bastami Milad , Alivand Mohammad-Reza , Bastami Milad 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most common invasive cancer with different subtypes that its metabolism is unique compared with normal cells. Glutamine is considered a critical nutrition for tumor cell growth and therefore, targeting glutamine metabolism, especially Glutaminase, which catalyzed the conversion of glutamine to glutamate can be beneficial to design anti-cancer agents. Recently, evidence has shown that miRNAs with short length and single strand properties play a significant role in regulating the genes related to glutamine metabolism and may control the development of cancer.Methods Since, in-silico analysis confirmed that miR-513c and miR-3163 might be involved in glutamine metabolism, the expression level of these two miRNAs was evaluated in eighty BC tissues and margin tissues. The data were analyzed to evaluate the correlation between expression level of these miRNAs and patient’s characteristics such as abortion history, family history, and age. Furthermore, in-silico analysis was applied to predict the potential biological processes and molecular pathways of miR-513c and miR-3163 based on its gene targets.Results In-silico studies revealed the top categories of biological processes and pathways that play a critical role in cancer development were target genes for miR-513c and miR-3163. The current study showed that miR-513c (P-value = 0.02062 and fold change= -2.3801) and miR-3163 (P-value = 0.02034 and fold change= -2.3792) were downregulated in tumor tissues compared to margin tissues. Furthermore, the subgroup studies did not show any substantial relationship between expression levels of these two miRNAs and factors such as age, family history cancer, and abortion.Conclusion Based on our data, miR-513c and miR-3163 may be offered as a potential diagnosis and therapeutic targets for patients with BC.
S. Aureus Lipoteichoic Acid Failed to Activate NLRP3, but Downregulated the Transduction of NLRP3/MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Mouse Mastitis Induced by S. Aureus
Authors: Bi Chong-Liang , Li Hui , Shen Yi-Zhao , Pauline Mirielle 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background It was confirmed that S. aureus infection activated the expression of NLRP3. As a major component of S. aureus cell wall, what about LTA? Firstly, in this study a mouse model was built following LTA intramammary infection for 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, the characterization of mammary inflammatory response induced by LTA was observed. Subsequently, mouse mammary preconditioned with LTA was modelling. The effect of LTA treatment on the activation of NLRP3/ MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways induced by S. aureus were detected.Results Results shown that the LTA intramammary infection induce mild but rapid recovery inflammation in mammary gland whereas failed to stimulate NLRP3. LTA treatment protected mammary gland against S. aureus infection by suppressed the activation of NLRP3/ MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Meanwhile it is noteworthy that the expression of NLRP3/MAPK JNK induced by S. aureus was not regulated by LTA treatment.Conclusions These results suggested LTA induced mammary gland inflammation was mild and self-limiting. LTA treatment revealed a good anti-inflammation effect through downregulating the transduction of NLRP3/MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in mouse mastitis induced by S. aureus. Our research highlights the importance of an LTA during the innate immune response of the mammary gland and offer novel insights for new approaches concerning effective immunomodulation against a local bacterial infection.
Persistence and reversibility of arsenic-induced gut microbiome and metabolome shifts in rats after 30-days recovery duration
Authors: Du Xiaoyan , Zhang Jie , Schramm Karl-Werner , Huang Qingyu , Tian Meiping , Zhang Xi , Nan Bingru , Shen Heqing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The metabolites of gut microbiome are important host-health regulating factors and can be easily interrupted by the host exposure to environmental pollution via ingestion route. Arsenic contaminated drinking water is one of the most serious environmental problems worldwide. Therefore, the arsenic-induced alterations of gut microbiome and the metabolome, especially the persistence and reversibility parts of the alterations after the long-term arsenic exposure will be interesting to know. Results: We investigated the relationship between gut microbiota and its related metabolites in male rats both after the 30-days arsenic treatment and 30-days recovery duration. The composition and diversity of gut microbiota were affected significantly by the treatment, but they presented partial improvement in recovery duration. Moreover, arsenic exposure induced the significant changes of 73 metabolites, which involved in the metabolism of glycerophospholipid, linoleic acid, as well as the biosynthesis of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan. Although it had a persistent effect, the restoration of glycerophospholipid metabolism was observed in the 30-days recovery. Integration analysis further correlated the arsenic impacting microbes with some important differential metabolites, but only Lactobacillus associated with the decreases of phosphatidylethanolamine(34:1) , 16alpha-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone 3-sulfate, seryltryptophan and alanyltyrosine in the recovery. Lactobacillus strains have potential to work as protective agents against arsenic toxicity by restoring perturbed glycerophospholipid metabolism. Conclusions: Arsenic significantly modified gut microbiome and metabolome, but arsenic-induced disruptions of gut microbiome and metabolome are reversible to some extent after a 30-days recovery. The deeper understanding of correlation of altered gut microbiome and metabolome could be a novel strategy to combat arsenic-induced disease.
Mechanisms of different cultivars of Cucurbita pepo in resistance to Podosphaera xanthii infection through improvement of antioxidative defense system and gene expression
Authors: Zhang Shuwu , Xu Bingliang , Liu Jia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Powdery mildew is one of the world’s most destructive diseases of cucurbit and the major cause of losses in its production worldwide. A number of strategies have been developed and applied to discover some suitable and alternative safe methods to manage the powdery mildew disease occurrence, but little information is regarding to screen of resistant pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo L.) germplasm and explore the mechanisms of their preventing the disease occurrence at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Therefore, we evaluated and determined the ability and mechanisms of two commercial pumpkin cultivars in resistance to Podosphaera xanthii infection. Results: Compared with mock-inoculated seedlings, small and sparse spots were observed on the cultivar of Sixing F1 leaves at the 13th day after inoculation with P. xanthii, whereas a large number of disease spots or a layer of white powdery mildew were observed on the surface of Jin12 F1 leaves. Increased the inoculation time (7, 9, 11 and 13 days) significantly and continuously increased the disease incidence and index of pumpkin seedlings after inoculation. The disease incidence and index of Jin12 F1 were significantly higher than the cultivar of Sixing F1. At Day 13, the disease incidence and index of Jin12 F1 were 80.0% and 72.6, whereas the cultivar of Sixing F1 was 22.3% and 17.7, respectively. The contents of H2O2, MDA, lignin and total phenolics in the leaves of Sixing F1 and Jin12 F1 were markedly accelerated after inoculation with P. xanthii. However, the cultivar of Sixing F1 exhibited less reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, a lower rate of lipid peroxidation and higher level of lignin and total phenolics contents after inoculation, whereas the cultivar of Jin12 F1 exhibited higher level of ROS accumulation and rates of lipid peroxidation, and lower level of lignin and total phenolics contents. Higher activity and transcript level of antioxidant enzymes and gene of PAL expression were observed on different tissues of both cultivars after inoculated with P. xanthii. Compared with pumpkin seedlings that were inoculated with sterile water but not P. xanthii, the level of PAL activity and gene expression in leaves, petioles and stems of Sixing F1 and Jin12 F1 were upregulated and increased significantly at different time points after inoculation. The enhancement expression of PAL activity and gene in different tissues of Sixing F1 was significantly higher than Jin12 F1, and higher in leaves, lower in petioles and stems. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the cultivar of Sixing F1 exhibited the highest ability in resistance to P. xanthii infection in comparison to Jin12 F1, and one novel possible mechanism is related to the cultivars in resistance to P. xanthii infection by activating and enhancing the antioxidative defense system and gene expression to prevent the pathogens infection.
Detection of Several Carbapenems Resistant and Virulence Genes in Classical and Hyper-virulent Strains of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated From Hospitalized Neonates and Adults in Khartoum
Authors: Albasha Aalaa Mahgoub , Osman Esraa Hassan , Alhalim Saga Abd , Alshaib Elianz , Al-Hassan Leena , Altayb Hisham N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveKlebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) involves both community-acquired infections and nosocomial infections. It is responsible for a wide variety of infections including infections of the urinary tract, pneumonia, bacteremia, meningitis, wound infection and purulent abscesses. We constructed this study to detect several carbapenems resistant and virulence genes in classical and hyper-virulent strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from hospitalized neonates and adults in Khartoum state. ResultsSeventy percent of the isolates were resistant to ceftazidime and 8% to imipenem, 35% were multi-drug resistant, and 7% extensively drug-resistant, all neonatal blood isolates (n=15) were resistant to ceftazidime. entB was the most predominant virulence gene (93.3%), followed by mrkD (78.3%), kfu (60%), K2 (51.7%), magA (18.3%) and rmpA (5%). blaOXA-48 was the most predominant carbapenem-resistant gene (68.3%), followed by blaNDM (10%), blaKPC (8.3%), and blaIMP (3.3%). Eight hyper-virulent strains were positive for blaOXA-48 and two for blaNDM genes.
Mycobacterium mucogenicum and Mycobacterium neoaurum Bloodstream Infection in Immunocompromised Hosts
Authors: Villalobos Armelle Pérez-Cortés , Rotstein Coleman 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Mycobacterium mucogenicum and Mycobacterium neoaurum are an infrequent cause of bloodstream infection in humans. When they are isolated from blood, it is not unusual for them to be considered to be contaminants initially.
Methods

A retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with M. mucogenicum and M. neoaurum bacteremia was conducted from January 1998 to December 2018 at the University Health Network, Toronto, Canada.
Results

We identified 28 patients who had bloodstream infection caused by these organisms. These patients were immunocompromised hosts, patients with chronically indwelling vascular access devices or injection drug users. In 28.5% of the patients the isolation of these mycobacteria was considered colonization, 82% of the cases received antimicrobial therapy and in 95% of the patients the central line was removed.
Conclusions

The removal of the vascular access device and treatment with either single or combination antimicrobial therapy produced successful outcomes for these infections.
Profitability analysis of family-size Biogas Plant Installation in West Hararghe Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Sefera Tale Gedefa , Gelmecha Emebet Abera 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Biogas technology, which converts biological waste into energy, is considered as an excellent tool to improve the lives, livelihoods, health, ecosystem and economy. In Ethiopia, biogas technology has been domesticated to improve the rural energy security and household’s income by reducing their dependence on traditional biomass energy and chemical fertilizers. The profitability of biogas installation is rendered doubtful despite its numerous benefits and domestication efforts. Hence, this study aimed at evaluating the cost-benefit analysis and Profitability of biogas technology at household level in West Hararghe zone, Eastern Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select sample households. A total of 105 biogas adopter households were selected for household survey. Results indicated the most commonly domesticated plant is fixed dome biogas with volumes of 6 m 3 and 8 m 3 . Investing 6 m 3 biogas plant with subsidy (0.73 year) had short payback period (PBP) than the 8 m 3 plant (0.97 year). This implies, subsidy has been attracting households into biogas adoption. The benefit cost ratio (BCR) under assumption with subsidy was found to be 1.34 and 1.10 at 10% discount rate for 6 m 3 and 8 m 3 plants, respectively. Under both assumptions with and without subsidy, the NPV results for 6 m 3 and 8 m 3 biogas plant sizes turn out positive. In general, the results of PBP, BCR and NPV shown that the biogas investment is preferable and profitable for continuing the investment for the future.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Transthoracic Echocardiography and Transesophageal Echocardiography for Ruptured Chordae Tendineae: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liao Lisi , DONG Fa-jin , ZENG Jie-ying , SHI Bo-bo , ZHONG Xiao-fang , HUANG Yu-xiang , CHEN Li-xin , Xu Jinfeng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Echocardiography is significant for the diagnosis of ruptured chordae tendineae (RCT) for which transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is always better than transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), but the diagnostic accuracy of TTE still remains confusing.
Methods

A meta-analysis of included papers was performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of TTE and TEE, with surgical findings of RCT as the gold standard of patients with suspected RCT.
Results

The literature search yielded 862 papers, 6 met the inclusion criteria, included 505 patients, for detecting RCT, the sensitivity and specificity of TTE were 48% (95% CI: 35–62%) and 98% (95% CI: 89–100%), and those of TEE were 99% (95% CI: 64–100%) and 94% (95% CI: 87–98%), respectively. The summary + LR, -LR of TTE were 22.40 (95%CI: 4.89–102.62), 0.53(95%CI:0. 41–0.68), respectively. The summary + LR, -LR of TEE were 17.62(95%CI: 7.16–43.39), 0.02(95%CI:0. 00-0.57), respectively. For TTE, the area under SROC was 84% (95%CI:92%-96%),and that of TEE is 98%. The pooled + LR and -LR were calculated by setting the prior probabilities of 20% in both TTE and TEE.
Conclusions

TTE is not highly sensitive for the detection of RCT but is highly specific, so there is a potential of missing diagnosis, and subsequent TEE is almost required in highly suspected patients.
External fixator combined with three different fixation methods of fibula for treatment of extra-articular open fractures of distal tibia and fibula: a retrospective study
Authors: Sun DongDong , Lv Dan , Zhou Kun , Chen Jian , Gao Li-Lan , Sun Ming-Lin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
PurposeTo compare the efficacy of three different fixation methods of fibula combined with external fixation of tibia for the treatment of extra-articular open fractures of distal tibia and fibula.MethodsFrom January 2017 to July 2019, 91 cases of open fractures of distal tibia and fibula were treated with external fixator, and the fibula was fixed with non-fixation (group A, n = 35), plate-screw (group B, n = 30) and kirschner wire(group C, n = 26).The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, surgical and implants costs, fracture healing time, postoperative complications, and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle surgery (AOFAS) scores were compared among the groups.ResultsFour patients were lost to follow-up, and 87 patients were followed up for 5–35 months (average, 14.2 months). The operation time of group C(114.92 ± 36.09 min) was shorter than that of group A (142.27 ± 47.05 min) and group B(184.00 ± 48.56 min) (P < 0.05). There was no difference in intraoperative blood loss among the three groups (P > 0.05). The surgical and implants costs in group C (5.24 ± 1.21, thousand dollars) is lower than that in group A (6.48 ± 1.11, thousand dollars) and group B (9.37 ± 2.16, thousand dollars) (P < 0.05).The fracture healing time of group C(5.67 ± 1.42months) was significantly less than that of group A (6.90 ± 1.33months) and group B(6.70 ± 1.12months) (P < 0.05). The postoperative complications such as fractures delayed union and nonunion in group C (2 cases, 8.00%) is less than that in group A (13 cases, 39.39%) and group B (11cases, 37.93%) (P < 0.05). The wound infection and needle-tract infection did not differ among the three groups (P > 0.05). The excellent or good rate of ankle function was 69.70% in group A, 72.41% in group B and 84.00% in group C, with no statistical difference among the three groups (P > 0.05).conclusionCompared with simple external fixator fixation and external fixator combined with plate-screw osteosynthesis, external fixator combined with K-wire intramedullary fixation shorten the operative time and fracture healing time, reduced costs and complications of fracture healing, while the blood loss, infection complications and ankle function recovery showed no difference with the other two groups. External fixator combined with plate-screw osteosynthesis had no advantage in treating extra-articular open fractures of distal tibia and fibula when compared with simple external fixation.Fund program: National Natural Science Foundation of China (11572222)
Upregulated CDKN2A expression may be an independent protective factor in Luminal-like breast cancer
Authors: Qiu Yier , Lu Guowen , Wu Yingjie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Previous studies revealed that CDKN2A (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A) functioned as a tumour suppressor in various types of malignant tumours. The aim of the study was to clarify the value of CDKN2A expression in the prognosis of breast cancer. Method Using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we compared CDKN2A mRNA levels between breast cancer tissues and normal tissues and analyzed the relationship between clinical features and CDKN2A expression with the Wilcox test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Kaplan-Meier and Cox analyses were performed to determine the correlation between CDKN2A expression and breast cancer prognosis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed using the TCGA data set. Results We first found that CDKN2A expression was markedly higher in breast cancer tissues than in normal tissues using the TCGA database (P=0.000). In addition, CDKN2A mRNA expression in breast cancer was positively correlated with age (P=0.018), histological types (P=0.028), ER status (P=0.000), PR status (P=0.000) and molecular subtypes (P=0.000). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that increased CDKN2A expression was associated with increased survival time in breast cancer patients (P=0.000), especially in Luminal-like subtype. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses indicated that CDKN2A expression was an independent prognostic biomarker for breast cancer (P=0.037). GSEA suggested that pathways involving cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), cytokine-receptor interactions, cytosolic DNA sensing, the cell cycle, and killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity were differentially enriched in the CDKN2A-high expression group. Conclusion Our research demonstrated that high CDKN2A mRNA expression was an independent protective factor for improved prognosis in Luminal-like breast cancer. Additionally, the signaling pathways related to CAMs, cytokine-receptor interactions, cytosolic DNA sensing, the cell cycle, and killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity regulated by CDKN2A mRNA expression should be further studied.
Atherosclerosis is attenuated by acacetin via Sirt1-mediated activation of AMPK/Sirt3 signals in diabetic ApoE-/- mice
Authors: Han Wei-Min , Chen Xu-Chang , Wang Yan , Li Gui-Rong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe strategy of decreasing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disorder is imperative to reduce premature death and improve quality of life in patients with diabetes mellitus. The present study was designed to investigate whether the natural flavone acacetin could improve diabetes- accelerated atherosclerotic lesions.MethodsDiabetic model was established in 7-week-old ApoE−/− mice by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (daily 50 mg/kg) for 5 days. Animals of control, control with acacetin treatment, STZ-diabetes, STZ-diabetes with acacetin treatment received acacetin prodrug subcutaneously (20 mg/kg, b.i.d.) or equivolume saline for 12 weeks, and the elasticity of carotid artery and the ability of vascular wall movement were determined with ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured with medium containing 5.5 mM or 33 mM glucose and treated with acacetin or vehicle. Changes of related aortic lesions and signaling molecules were determined by biochemical and molecular approaches in animals and cultured HUVECs.ResultsIt was found that acacetin significantly suppressed atherosclerotic lesions and neointima hyperplasia, improved the elasticity of carotid artery and the ability of vascular wall movement without reducing blood glucose level and reversed the impaired signaling molecules (i.e. SOD, Bcl2, PGC-1α, pAMPK, Sirt3 and Sirt1) in artery tissues in diabetic mice. In cultured HUVECs, high glucose-induced cell viability reduction, ROS over-production, decrease of anti-oxidation, increase of apoptosis, and impairment of mitochondrial function were countered by acacetin (0.3-3 µM) in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, acacetin relies on Sirt1 activation by increasing NAMPT and NAD+ followed by Sirt3, pAMPK and PGC-1α activation. Silencing Sirt1 abolished acacetin-induced activation of Sirt3, pAMPK, and PGC-1α.ConclusionsThese results indicate that Sirt1-mediated activation of pAMPK/Sirt3 signals is involved in protective effects of acacetin against atherosclerosis in diabetes by preserving mitochondrial function via reducing mitochondrial apoptosis and ROS production and enhancing its biogenesis, which suggests that acacetin may be a drug candidate for reducing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disorder in patients with diabetes.