bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why Plurality of the Possessor Matters in Mandarin Chinese Inalienable Possession
Authors: Liu Haiyong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this paper, I first introduce what inalienable possession structure (IPS) is cross-linguistically as well as how to form an IPS in Mandarin Chinese, i.e., pronoun + body part or kinship term, etc. With the help of postverbal IPS, I relate the lack of plural pronominal possessor in IPS, which is never discussed in the literature, to the prohibition of distributivity over distributivity, i.e., the semantic anomaly of distributive plural possessor over the stubborn distributivity inherent to Chinese IPS nouns. I also argue that the requirement of a plural pronominal possessor seen in the IPS of public places, spatial directions, and professional titles is a result of stubborn collectivity shared by these nouns. In the end, I discuss the association between the distinction of inalienable and alienable nouns and that of active and stative verbs.
Subject-Object Asymmetry in the Production of Relative Clauses in Cantonese
Authors: Huang Jiaying , Donati Caterina 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the literature about processing of relative clauses (RCs), subject relatives (SRs) are reported to be easier than object relatives (ORs) in a number of languages, but the status of prenominal ORs in languages where the object follows the verb (SVO) is still partly controversial. This study explores the production of RCs in Cantonese in two elicited production experiments and two corpus studies. In the first elicited experiment, an overwhelming preference for SRs was observed. In two corpus studies where the context and the feature of arguments were uncontrolled, the reverse pattern was observed. In order to reconcile the two datasets, we speculate that what counts in object dependencies is the featural endowment of the subject, as in the intervention hypothesis implemented in Friedmann et al. 2009. A second elicited experiment was run to test this hypothesis. The results suggest that production of RCs in Cantonese displays a subject preference in general and that object dispreference is modulated by featural mismatch.
Atheism and Unbelief: Different Ways to Apply the Evolutionary Framework
Authors: Oviedo Lluis 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Religion has been intensely studied in the last years inside an evolutionary frame, trying to discern to what extent it contributes to fitness or becomes an adaptive entity in its own. A similar heuristic can be tried regarding the opposite tendency: unbelief and atheism, since these cultural phenomena could help to better adapt to some social settings or become an adaptive socio-cultural niche on its own. The present paper examines some scenarios in which that question makes sense: the tradition of sociology of religion, with its different strands, including recent studies on ‘non-religious’; the cognitive; and the philosophical-theological reflection. The proposed venues show to what extent the evolutionary model might reveal neglected aspects in the study of unbelief, and at the same time its limits or the open questions that such application raise.
The Biology of Secularization
Authors: Feierman Jay R. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
For the past 500 years, to varying degrees, the processes of religious secularization have been occurring in what today are the wealthy, highly educated, industrialized nations of the world. They are causing organized religion, as a social institution, to go from being a very important influence on the lives of people and the nations in which they live to being a smaller influence, or almost no influence at all. Various disciplines from theology to psychology to sociology have tried to explain secularization, each discipline contributing something unique. One discipline that has not contributed has been biology. From a biological perspective, based on observation and reasoning, at least one of the ultimate functions of the physical forms associated with religion appear to be that of in-group marker for a breeding population, which, as will be shown, is how all religions start. Religions structure larger human populations into smaller “clusters” that are separate in-group breeding populations. The clustering into smaller in-group breeding populations prevents the spread of contagious diseases and creates inter-group competition and intra-group cooperation, both of which have contributed to human eusociality, a very rare type of social organization that will be explained. As the physical forms of religion are losing this in-group-marker function of clustering populations with modernity, a general biological principle comes into play, which is “form follows function, and as function wanes, so does form.” When applied to religion, “form” means the physical components by which all religions are built. The specific meaning of “physical,” as used here, will be explained in the article. This biological perspective, which is counter-intuitive and can generate testable hypotheses, should complement, not compete, with perspectives from other disciplines. Physical forms in biology can and often do have more than one function, so the same form with a biological function can also have psychological and theological functions. The physical forms of religion are its objects of natural (genetic and cultural) selection. As socio-economic modernity spreads through the world, the evolutionary biological trajectory suggests that religion, as a social institution, will eventually become extinct.
How the Non-Religious View the Personality of God in Relation to Themselves
Authors: Mikloušić Igor , Lane Justin E. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this study we examined the applicability of personality measures to assessing God representations, and we explored how the overlap between personality judgments of self and God relate to strength of (dis)belief and closeness to God among atheists and agnostics. Using sample of 1,088 atheists/agnostics, we applied Goldberg’s Big Five bipolar markers as a standardized measure of personality dimensions, along with measures of identity fusion with God, belief strength, and sociosexuality, as this trait has been shown to be relevant in predicting religiosity. Our study revealed that personality measures can be used for research on the personality of supernatural agents. We also found that personality self-assessments were related to the assessments of God personality. Agreeableness was positively related to the perception of emotional stability of God, while conscientiousness and surgency were negatively related to perceived intellect and surgency of god, respectively. Also, intellect of the participants was related negatively to perceptions of God’s emotional stability and intellect. Perceived distance between the assessment of one’s own personality and the personality of God predicted the strength of (dis)belief, thus opening new interpretations into possible sources of belief and disbelief. Finally, echoing previous studies, we found that conscientiousness of God had a negative effect on SOI-R score.
Religious Intuitions and the Nature of “Belief”
Authors: Alogna Victoria K. , Bering Jesse , Balkcom Evan , Halberstadt Jamin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Scientific interest in religion often focusses on the “puzzle of belief”: how people develop and maintain religious beliefs despite a lack of evidence and the significant costs that those beliefs incur. A number of researchers have suggested that humans are predisposed towards supernatural thinking, with innate cognitive biases engendering, for example, the misattribution of intentional agency. Indeed, a number of studies have shown that nonbelievers often act “as if” they believe. For example, atheists are reluctant to sell the very souls they deny having, or to angrily provoke the God they explicitly state does not exist. In our own recent work, participants who claimed not to believe in the afterlife nevertheless demonstrated a physiological fear response when informed that there was a ghost in the room. Such findings are often interpreted as evidence for an “implicit” belief in the supernatural that operates alongside (and even in contradiction to) an individual’s conscious (“explicit”) religious belief. In this article, we investigate these arguably tenuous constructs more deeply and suggest some possible empirical directions for further disentangling implicit and explicit reasoning.
Nietzsche and Transhumanism: A Meta-Analytical Perspective
Authors: Campa Riccardo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In recent years a debate has developed over the ties between Friedrich Nietzsche’s ideas and transhumanism. This article clarifies some issues at the meta-level of the discussion. Firstly, the author provides a scientometric analysis of research trends to show the relevance of the topic. Secondly, he distinguishes between two analytical perspectives, which he calls ‘noumenal’ and ‘phenomenal.’ Thirdly, by taking the phenomenal perspective, the author shows that transhumanism can be classified into four different categories, namely: quasi-Nietzschean, Nietzschean, a-Nietzschean, and anti-Nietzschean. Finally, he provides historical examples of each single type of transhumanism. This way, the article also contributes to the history of transhumanist thought.
Behaviour Modelling and Safety at Work on a Construction Site
Authors: Samołyk Dagmara 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The concept of the method based on the behavioural approach as the method minimizing hazardous behaviours of employees has been discussed in this article. The main focus has been laid upon one of the largest economic sectors, i.e. is the construction industry. Thereby, risks arising from an improper behaviour of construction workers, and also a factor contributing to it, have been described here. The influence of employee’s age and day time have been analysed in terms of accident rates. The attention was also paid to alcohol consumed by workers during and after their work and to the influence that it has on dangerous behaviours. Different ways of approaches to the worker to improve safety and hygiene at work, as well as the manner in which the approach to employee should change depending on the situation, have been presented too.
Evaluation of Employment and Labour Market Trends in European Countries in 2007-2016
Authors: Chlebisz Adam , Mierzejewski Mateusz 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The paper presents a partial evaluation of employment and factors related to the labour markets in European countries in 2007-2016. The interconnectedness of these determinants in the context of GDP dynamics per capita for each country was examined. The quoted partial subject literature and empirical research allowed to formulate the most important conclusions, among others: in the context of GDP dynamics per capita, at least four groups of countries can be distinguished in Europe, each of them has completely different characteristics having an influence (in the Granger causality sense) on change in GDP per capita of these countries for various time steps.
Capitalism vs. Socialism: Antinomy of Nations or Antinomy of Systems?
Authors: Miszewski Maciej 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This paper is a reflection on the legitimacy of commonly accepted opposition of the notions of “capitalism” and “socialism”. The leading thesis is that although they can be considered as antinomies, their real referents should not be treated analogously. Capitalism, as understood by its very name, emerged in the second half of the 19th century and evolved constantly from this moment, often changing its main features. Socialism, in contrast, was created as a notion opposing the capitalistic reality of the 19th century. Yet it never really existed in this form. The actual economic system, referred to as “socialism”, was in fact a hybrid of capitalism and neo-feudal bureaucracy.
PEHMEÄÄ JA TEKNOLOGISTA OSAAMISTA TULEVAISUUDEN KORKEAKOULUKIRJASTOISSA
Authors: Hakala Hellevi , Kakkonen Anne 
Published: January 2020

Työelämän nopea muutos vaikuttaa kirjastotyöhön. Kirjastoissa on paljon uusia tehtäviä, jotka menevät perinteisen kirjastotyön ohi. Muutokset organisaatiossa edellyttävät työntekijöiltä joustavuutta ja valmiutta tarttua uudenlaisiin tehtäviin. Uusien tehtävien myötä kirjastoihin rekrytoidaan muitakin kuin kirjastoammatillisen koulutuksen saaneita työntekijöitä: viestintä- ja järjestelmäosaajia, pedagogeja, tapahtumatuottajia, datanhallintataitoja ja palvelumuotoilijoita. Samalla työelämän muutos on herättänyt tarpeen uudistaa koulutusta. Elokuussa 2019 SeAMK kutsui työelämän edustajia sekä SeAMkin Kirjasto- ja tietopalvelualan tutkinto-ohjelman opettajia saman pöydän ääreen keskustelemaan siitä, miten kirjastoalan koulutusta tulisi uudistaa. Tarkastelemme asiaa tässä artikkelissa korkeakoulukirjastojen näkökulmasta, mutta monet asiat ovat yhteisiä kaikille kirjastosektoreille.

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TIEDEKUSTANTAJAT OTTAVAT VAUHTIA TEKOÄLYYN
Authors: Kautonen Heli 
Published: January 2020

Mitä tiedejulkaisemisen käytäntöjä tekoäly haastaa ja mitä uusia mahdollisuuksia se avaa? Frankfurtin kirjamessut tarjosivat kirjastoammattilaiselle kiinnostavan tilaisuuden tutustua tekoälyvisioihin tiedekustantajien näkökulmasta.

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Analisis Perbandingan Metode MOORA dan Metode WASPAS Dalam Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan Prioritas Utama Peningkatan Kualitas Mata Pelajaran
Authors: Lukita Chandra , Nas Chairun , Ilham Wanda 
Published: January 2020

Siswa dituntut untuk dapat memahami setiap materi pelajaran yang diberikan oleh guru. Namun akibat keterbatasan guru dan murid, seringkali materi yang disampaikan tidak dapat dipahami oleh siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membantu pihak sekolah dalam menganalisa materi pelajaran yang perlu diperbaiki dan dikembangkan cara penyampainnya kepada siswa, sehingga siswa dapat memahami pelajaran tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengolahan data kriteria penilaian dan data alternatif sebanyak 6 jenis mata pelajaran pada siswa kelas XII. Data akan diuji menggunakan metode Multi-Objective Optimization On The Basic Of Ratio Analysist (MOORA) dan metode Weight Aggregated Sum Product Assesment (WASPAS). Hasil pengujian dari kedua metode tersebut, dilakukan pembandingan untuk menentukan keputusan terbaik. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, ditemukan hasil keputusan pada metode MOORA dengan 3 jenis mata pelajaran yang harus diperbaiki dan pada Metode WASPAS dengan 1 jenis mata pelajaran yang harus diperbaiki. Maka kedua metode ini dapat digunakan dalam menganalisa mata pelajaran yang perlu diperbaiki oleh pihak sekolah.
Hile Denetiminde Whistleblowing Ve Whistleblowing Niyetini Etkileyen Faktörler: Kayseri’de Faaliyet Gösteren Muhasebeciler İle Amprik Bir Çalışma
Authors: MERİÇ Arzu 
Published: January 2020

Modern dünya düzeninde, tanık olunan yanlışlıkların yetkililere bildirilmesi için gerekli teknik ve idari destekler oluşturulmaktadır. Şeffaflık ve açıklık, en önemli yönetim ilkelerindendir. Bu bağlamda, yanlışlıkların gizlenmesi, yeni yönetim anlayışı içerisinde tercih edilmeyen bir uygulama olmaktadır.
Çalışmada, bir işletmedeki yanlış uygulamalara tanık olma potansiyeli yüksek olan muhasebe çalışanlarının, tanık oldukları yanlış uygulamaları yetkililere bildirme (whistleblowing) niyeti değerlendirilmiştir. Whistleblowing niyetini etkileyen faktörler ile birlikte, araştırma yürütülmüştür.
Kayseri’deki işletmelerde çalışan, 78 muhasebeci ile yürütülen araştırma sonuçlarına göre; tanık olunan yanlış uygulamaların, özellikle de işletme içinden yetkililere bildirilmesi tercih edilmektedir. Araştırmada, bu tercihi olumlu yönde etkileyen, duyarlılık, sosyal çevre, empati gibi faktörler ile olumsuz yönde etkileyen, tepkiler faktörü değerlendirilmiştir.
Türkiye’deki Üniversitelerde Bulunan İşletme Bölümleri Ders Programlarının Uluslararası Muhasebe Eğitim Standardı UMES-2 Bağlamında İncelenmesi Ve Uyumlaştırılması
Authors: KIZILYALÇIN D. Ali 
Published: January 2020

Muhasebe mesleğinin uluslararası alanda yeknesaklığının sağlanabilmesi ve muhasebe eğitiminde kalitenin artırılması amacıyla, Uluslararası Muhasebeciler Federasyonu tarafından 2003 yılından bu yana uluslararası eğitim standartları yayımlanmaktadır.
Çalışmada bu standartlardan ikincisi olan “muhasebe mesleği eğitim programlarının içeriği” ele alınmıştır. Buna göre çalışmanın amacı uluslararası muhasebe eğitimi standardı 2’de belirtilen derslerin Türkiye’deki devlet üniversitelerinin işletme bölümlerinde ne derecede bulunduğu ve işletme bölümleri ders içeriklerinin uluslararası muhasebe eğitimi standardı 2’ye uygunluğunun belirlenmesidir.
Çalışma için öncelikle Türkiye’deki devlet üniversitelerinde bulunan işletme bölümleri belirlenmiştir. Üniversitelerin web sayfaları aracılığı ile dersler belirlenmiş ve elde edilen veriler Microsoft Excel programına aktarılıp analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre üniversitelerin işletme bölümleri öğretim programlarının uluslararası eğitim standardı 2’ye kısmen uyduğu belirlenmiştir.
From the Editors
Authors: Oegema Gerbern 
Published: January 2020

Montreal, December 2019 Dear Readers: The Council for Research on Religion (CREOR) is pleased to announce the first edition of its E-Journal, The Journal of the Council for Research on Religion. This first issue deals with the theme of “Religion and Violence,” a SSHRC funded colloquium that took place on April 17th - 20th, 2018. The colloquium was a collaboration between members of McGill and Concordia University, further details concerning the colloquium can be found on the following site: https://creorgraduate.wordpress.com/religion-and-violence-colloquium/CREOR is Montreal's first academic research council in the field of Religious Studies. The Council is an inter-disciplinary and inter-university entity drawing on the expertise and research interests present in the city of Montreal. It consists of members from the disciplines of Religious Studies and other disciplines within Arts, as well as from Education, Law and Medicine, and other disciplines, such as Management and Music. CREOR is based in Montreal and collaborates with researchers from Montreal based universities and colleges and from around the world. Editorial Team for the Religion and Violence Vol. 1Chief Editors: Dr. Gerbern S. Oegema Dr. André Gagné Graduate Student Editors: Amanda Rosini Elyse MacLeod David Anthony Basham
Trends in tuberculosis notification and mortality and factors associated with treatment outcomes in Serbia, 2005 to 2015
Authors: Stosic Maja , Grujicic Sandra Sipetic , Grgurevic Anita , Kuruc Vesna , Ristic Lidija , Antonijevic Gordana , Jevtic Miroslav , Plavsa Dragana , Vukicevic Tatjana Adzic 
Published: January 2020

Background
Previously a country with medium tuberculosis (TB) burden, Serbia almost reached a low TB burden during the period 2005 to 2015.

Aim
The aim of this study was to analyse the trends in notification rates and treatment success rates as well as to identify predictors of treatment outcomes.

Methods
We performed a trend analysis and logistic regression analysis of 17,441 TB cases registered from 2005 to 2015 in all health facilities in Serbia, to identify predictors of treatment success, loss to follow-up and mortality.

Results
From 2005 to 2015, TB notification rate and mortality in Serbia decreased but treatment success remained below the global target. Loss to follow-up was associated with retreatment (odds ratio (OR) = 2.38; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.08–2.77), male sex (OR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.39–1.79), age younger than 65 years (OR = 1.37; 95% CI: 1.20–1.51), lower education level (OR = 2.57; 95% CI: 1.74–3.80) and pulmonary TB (OR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.06–1.56). Deaths were more frequent in retreatment cases (OR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.12–1.61), male patients (OR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.19–1.52), those 65 years and older (OR = 4.34; 95% CI: 4.00–5.00), those with lower education level (OR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.14–2.33) and pulmonary TB (OR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.78–2.83).

Conclusions
Special interventions should be implemented to address groups at risk of poor treatment outcome.
Numerical Estimation of Settlement under a Shallow Foundation by the Pressuremeter Method
Authors: Ouabel Houari , Bendiouis Assia , Zadjaoui Abedeljalil 
Published: January 2020

This work has two axes: The first one is theoretical (bibliographic analysis) on the theoretical estimation of the settlement under a Shallow foundation with the contribution of the characteristics of the results of the pressurometric tests and the second numerical axis by the numerical evaluation of the settlement generated by a superficial foundation that always happens by estimating the carrying capacity of these foundations by two methods the first is the classical method and the second the empirical method based on the direct interpretation of the in situ test such as the pressuremeter test by the determination Pressuremeter characteristics (Limit pressure (Pl) and the Pressuremeter module (EM)), our contribution consists in using a calculation code based on the finite element method with the contribution of two laws of elastoplastic behavior namely Mohr-Coulomb and Cam- Clay we use geotechnical survey results project of the railway line project (Tissemesilt-Alger-Bughazoul) in Algeria.
Slope Stability of Embankments on Soft Soil Improved with Vertical Drains
Authors: Kassou F. , Bouziyane J. Ben , Ghafiri A. , Sabihi A. 
Published: January 2020

The overloads of structures or embankments built on clayey soft ground are generally applied gradually, respecting a specific phasing. This phasing on construction allows the undrained shear strength of clay increasing over consolidation in order to avoid the risk of collapse during loading. In this work, the undrained shear strength of clay over the consolidation was estimated following SHANSEP method of which parameters proposed by eight researchers have been employed, as well as the slope stability analysis of embankments on soft soils during staged construction. Assessment of factor of safety for slope stability was conducted basing on the Bishop method. Additionally, the variations of undrained shear strength and factor of safety were presented. In order to validate the methods discussed in this study, slope stability analysis of five embankments constructed on clayey soft soils improved by the vertical drain technique in a high-speed railway construction project in Morocco was performed. For these embankments, field measurements about lateral displacement are presented. It was found that some of the adopted methods is in a good agreement with field measurements. Hence, generalization of these methods to many soft ground cases can be proposed.
Community Partnership Program on Business of Food Processed Based on Cocoa Commodity
Authors: Indah Pawana Nur , Widayanti Sri , Radiyanto Indriya 
Published: January 2020

The purpose of Community Partnership Program (CPP) by the team from UPN "Veteran" East Java is to give a touch of science and technology on community activities. This CPP is intended to accelerate the creative economic activities of the community, by providing skills training in producing various cocoa-based foods and beverages. The method used in facilitating the improvement of skills of farmers community in micro enterprises in the processing of local products in the form of cocoa powder and fat is to conduct training Lecture and practice method is the basic theory in the operation of post harvest equipment of cocoa beans. In addition, the materials used in producing foods and drinks based on the hygiene of cocoa, nutritional value and the acceptable to the community and have an economical added value. It also provides mentoring with simple management materials and marketing to foster an understanding of entrepreneurship and the sustainability of business activities and the marketing of results. Based on the above facts, the purpose of the community service program that has been implemented is expected to increase the selling value of cocoa products, and the people's income in the region