bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NUEVAS MEDIDAS TERAPÉUTICAS EN DIABETES
Authors: Martí Manuel 
Published: August 2020

La diabetes no es una enfermedad innocua y su presencia se liga íntimamente a sus complicaciones específicas y a las primeras causas de mortalidad, tales como las patologías cardiovasculares.Estos factores -la alta prevalencia de la enfermedad y la historia natural de la misma- han sido el motor primordial para que las autoridades sanitarias y la industria farmacéutica traten de encontrar medidas útiles para la prevención y el tratamiento de esta patología.
RECUERDO DEL PROF. DR. RUBÉN O. DE MARCO
Authors: Caino Héctor 
Published: August 2020

Con Rubén nos conocimos en el año 1966, cuando él era ayudante alumno de la Cátedra de Farmacología de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de La Plata, cuyo Profesor era el Dr. Manuel Litter, y yo alumno del tercer año de la carrera. Años después compartimos guardias como médicos de reciente graduación en distintas oportunidades.Nació el 19 de enero de 1942 en la Ciudad de La Plata donde cursó sus estudios primarios y secundarios. En 1967 se graduó como Doctor en Medicina y a partir de allí comenzó una brillante carrera como médico asistencial y docente. Al comienzo se inclinó por la Especialidad de Medicina Interna y se desempeñó como médico de la Sala IV de HIGA San Martín de La Plata hasta el año 1973. En ese mismo año fue designado Jefe de la Unidad Sanitaria Nº 16 de Berisso por concurso de Carrera Médico Hospitalaria.
TRATAMIENTO FARMACOLÓGICO DE LA DIABETES MELLITUS PARA PACIENTES CON ENFERMEDAD RENAL
Authors: Aranguren María Florencia 
Published: August 2020

El manejo de la hiperglucemia en el paciente con enfermedad renal (ER) es complejo. El control estricto de la glucemia y los factores de riesgo pueden evitar la aparición y progresión de la ER; para esto es importante lograr metas glucémicas estrictas y la elección de drogas que disminuya la albuminuria y la caída del filtrado glomerular. Además en pacientes con ER debe considerarse que algunas drogas han demostrado un efecto directo sobre el riñón, más allá del descenso de la glucemia. Al momento del tratamiento, deberían tenerse en cuenta otros factores propios de la ER como mayor retención hidrosalina, riesgo cardiovascular, riesgo de hipoglucemias, mayor vida media de las drogas y el riesgo de fracturas, entre otros.
ENFERMEDAD CARDIOVASCULAR EN PACIENTES CON ENFERMEDAD RENAL POR DIABETES
Authors: Dieuzeide Guillermo 
Published: August 2020

La mayoría de los pacientes con diabetes e hipertensión debería tratarse con un objetivo de tensión arterial sistólica <140 mmHg yTA diastólica de <90 mmHg. Menores valores deTA <130/80 mmHg pueden ser adecuados en pacientes con alto riesgo de enfermedad cardíaca y renal. Inhibidores de enzima convertidora de angiotesina (IECA) o bloqueadores del receptor angiotensina (ARA II) a dosis máxima tolerada se consideran drogas de primera línea en el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial; en pacientes diabéticos con un índice albuminuria/creatininuria >30 mg/g la creatinina sérica, el nivel de filtración glomerular y el nivel de potasio deben ser monitoreados. Diferentes estudios observan con estas drogas nefroprotección independientemente de la dis- minución de la presión arterial alcanzada. No se recomienda utilizar una combinación de IECA con ARA II. Los inhibidores de los canales de calcio son drogas seguras para el tratamiento de la hipertensión arterial en pacientes diabéticos con insuficiencia renal.
DIAGNÓSTICO BIOQUÍMICO Y MICROBIOLÓGICO
Authors: Arinovich Bárbara 
Published: August 2020

Las infecciones del tractor urinario (ITUs) se producen cuando las bacterias y hongos colonizan la uretra y ascienden hacia la vejiga y el riñón, y generan una infección. Se necesitan estudios bioquímicos y microbiológicos para confirmar el diagnóstico y la etiología infecciosa que orientarán la terapéutica antimicrobiana. Existen distintas etapas para estudiar la orina: toma de la muestra, refrigeración y procesamiento con el estudio físico-químico y urocultivo que identifica el organismo causal y cuantifica el número de bacterias por mililitros que se expresan como unidades formadoras de colonias/ml (UFC/ml). En pacientes asintomáticos para diferenciar infección de contaminación, el crecimiento bacteriano debe ser ≥105 UFC/ml. Debe investigarse rutinariamente en embarazadas el estreptococo grupo B y en personas con diabetes los más frecuentes son Escherichia coli. y enterobacterias. La presencia de Cándida debe considerarse en pacientes hospitalizados, con uso de sonda vesical, diabéticos, pacientes con neoplasias, antecedente de uso de antibióticos de amplio espectro, uso de esteroides, procedimientos urológicos o vaginitis fúngica. El antibiograma permite conocer la sensibilidad de un germen ante la exposición con un antibiótico.
PERUBAHAN POLA HUBUNGAN SOSIAL (KELUARGA, KOMUNITAS, DAN PERKUMPULAN) PADA MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG GODEGAN RT 10 TAMANTIRTA KASIHAN BANTUL
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi 
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksploratif yang bertujuan memecahkan problem diskriptif Diskripsi yang dimaksud adalah mengenai proses-proses perubahan dalam hubungan sosial kekeluargaan, komunitas, dan perkumpulan.
Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode partisipan, sedangkan analisis dilakukan dengan menghubung-hubungkan fakta satu dengan lainnya yang diperoleh untuk mendapatkan gambaran umum proses perubahan dalam hubungan social tersebut di atas. Kerangka pemikiran dalam analisis didasarkan pada teori-teori modernisasi, terutama teori diferensiasi struktural dan diffusi sosial.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya proses perubahan (diferensiasi struktural dan diffusi sosial) pada peran dan gaya hidup dalam hubungan sosial keluarga, komunitas dan perkumpulan. Perubahan itu ditandai (1) orang tua kehilangan fungsi tradisionalnya dalam melatih anak bekerja dan tidak intensifnya hubungan emosional yang berakibat merosotnya penganutan nilai-nilai moral (etika); (2) peran "orang tua" atau "tokoh" masyarakat dalam hubungan komunitas yang semakin menurun; dan (3) proses differensiasi dan diffusi yang kuat menuju pada pola hubungan sosial masyarakat kota, tetapi disisi lain terdapat semangat "in group feeling" (keprimordialan) sebagai bagian dan upaya mempertahankan nilai-nilai lama.
Towards improved turbulence estimation with Doppler wind lidar velocity-azimuth display (VAD) scans
Authors: Wildmann Norman , Päschke Eileen , Roiger Anke , Mallaun Christian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract. The retrieval of turbulence parameters with profiling Doppler wind lidars (DWLs) is of high interest for boundary layer meteorology and its applications. DWLs provide wind measurements above the level of meteorological masts while being easier and less expensive to deploy. Velocity-azimuth display (VAD) scans can be used to retrieve the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) dissipation rate through a fit of measured azimuth structure functions to a theoretical model. At the elevation angle of 35.3∘ it is also possible to derive TKE. Modifications to existing retrieval methods are introduced in this study to reduce errors due to advection and enable retrievals with a low number of scans. Data from two experiments are utilized for validation: first, measurements at the Meteorological Observatory Lindenberg–Richard-Aßmann Observatory (MOL-RAO) are used for the validation of the DWL retrieval with sonic anemometers on a meteorological mast. Second, distributed measurements of three DWLs during the CoMet campaign with two different elevation angles are analyzed. For the first time, the ground-based DWL VAD retrievals of TKE and its dissipation rate are compared to in situ measurements of a research aircraft (here: DLR Cessna Grand Caravan 208B), which allows for measurements of turbulence above the altitudes that are in range for sonic anemometers. From the validation against the sonic anemometers we confirm that lidar measurements can be significantly improved by the introduction of the volume-averaging effect into the retrieval. We introduce a correction for advection in the retrieval that only shows minor reductions in the TKE error for 35.3∘ VAD scans. A significant bias reduction can be achieved with this advection correction for the TKE dissipation rate retrieval from 75∘ VAD scans at the lowest measurement heights. Successive scans at 35.3 and 75∘ from the CoMet campaign are shown to provide TKE dissipation rates with a good correlation of R>0.8 if all corrections are applied. The validation against the research aircraft encourages more targeted validation experiments to better understand and quantify the underestimation of lidar measurements in low-turbulence regimes and altitudes above tower heights.
Relating climate sensitivity indices to projection uncertainty
Authors: Sanderson Benjamin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Can we summarize uncertainties in global response to greenhouse gas forcing with a single number? Here, we assess the degree to which traditional metrics are related to future warming indices using an ensemble of simple climate models together with results from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phases 5 and 6 (CMIP5 and CMIP6). We consider effective climate sensitivity (EffCS), transient climate response (TCR) at CO2 quadrupling (T140) and a proposed simple metric of temperature change 140 years after a quadrupling of carbon dioxide (A140). In a perfectly equilibrated model, future temperatures under RCP8.5 (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5) are almost perfectly described by T140, whereas in a mitigation scenario such as RCP2.6, both EffCS and T140 are found to be poor predictors of 21st century warming, and future temperatures are better correlated with A140. We show further that T140 and EffCS calculated in full CMIP simulations are subject to errors arising from control model drift and internal variability, with greater relative errors in estimation for T140. As such, if starting from a non-equilibrated state, measured values of effective climate sensitivity can be better correlated with true TCR than measured values of TCR itself. We propose that this could be an explanatory factor in the previously noted surprising result that EffCS is a better predictor than TCR of future transient warming under RCP8.5.
Efectos de la suplementación de la L-carnitina sobre la composición corporal de ratas entrenadas y sedentarias
Authors: Gómez R. , de Arruda M. , Borges F. , Cossio Bolaños M.A. 
Published: August 2020

El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar el efecto de la suplementación de L-carnitina sobre la composición corporal de ratas entrenadas y sedentarias. Fueron seleccionadas de forma aleatoria 30 ratas machos Wistar, de 12 semanas de vida, cuyo peso osciló entre 350 a 380 gramos, constituyéndose cuatro grupos de animales: sedentario no suplementado (SNS), sedentario suplementado (SS), entrenado no suplementado (ENS) y entrenado suplementado (ES). El entrenamiento fue realizado con sesiones de carrera en la estera rodante, con duración de una hora y con suplementación oral crónica de L-Carnitina. Ambos protocolos con una duración de 4 semanas. La composición corporal fue evaluada a través de ecuaciones de predicción para determinar la masa libre de grasa (MLG) y masa de grasa (MG). Los resultados muestran que el entrenamiento físico disminuye los valores de la MLG y MG en el grupo ENS, y que la administración de la L-carnitina en forma conjunta con el entrenamiento físico revierte parcialmente la reducción de la MLG en el grupo ES. Finalmente se concluye que el ejercicio físico debe ser realizado juntamente con la suplementación de L-carnitina, permitiendo una disminución de la MG y mantener los niveles de MLG en ratas en proceso de crecimiento.
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of L-carnitine supplementation on body composition of trained and sedentary rats. Were randomly selected 30 male Wistar rats of 12 weeks of age, whose weight ranged between 350 to 380 grams, four groups of animals: sedentary non-supplemented (SNS), sedentary supplemented (SS), trained not supplemented (ENS) trained and supplemented (ES). The training was done with sessions running on a treadmill, lasting an hour and chronic oral supplementation of L-carnitine. Both protocols with a duration of 4 weeks. Body composition was assessed by prediction equations to determine fat-free (FFM) and fat mass (FM). The results show that physical training decreases the values of FFM and FM in the ENS group, and that the administration of L-carnitine together with physical training partially reverses the reduction of MLG in ES. Finally concluded that physical exercise should be conducted jointly with the supplementation of L-carnitine, allowing a reduction in the MG and maintain levels in rats MLG growth process.
Sistema Aquíleo Calcáneo Plantar
Authors: Leal Serra V. 
Published: August 2020

El Sistema Aquíleo Calcáneo Plantar fue descrito por los Profesores Arandes y Viladot el año 1953 demostrando cómo el Tríceps sural que termina en el tendón de Aquiles, se refleja en la tuberosidad del calcáneo, continuando con la aponeurosis plantar y la musculatura corta plantar, hasta llegar a insertarse en los dedos del pie. Esto representó, desde el punto de vista biomecánico, un gran avance para la comprensión de la marcha, la carrera y el salto en el homo erectus.
The Achillean-calcaneous-plantar system was described by Professors Arandes and Viladot the year 1953 showing how the sural triceps that finishes in the Achilles’ tendon, reflects itself in the tuberosity of the calcaneus bone, continuing with the plantar aponeurosis and the short plantar muscles, until insertion in the toes. This was, from a biomechanical point of view, a great advance for the understanding of the walk, the run and the jump in the homo erectus.
Phenomenology
Authors: Engelland Chad 
Published: August 2020

A concise and accessible introduction to phenomenology, which investigates the experience of experience.
This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series offers a concise and accessible introduction to phenomenology, a philosophical movement that investigates the experience of experience. Founded by Edmund Husserl (1859–1938) and expounded by Max Scheler, Martin Heidegger, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and others, phenomenology ventures forth into the field of experience so that truth might be met in the flesh. It investigates everything as experienced. It does not study mere appearance but the true appearances of things, holding that the unfolding of experience allows us to sort true appearances from mere appearance.
The book unpacks a series of terms—world, flesh, speech, life, truth, love, and wonder—all of which are bound up with each other in experience. For example, world is where experience takes place; flesh names the way our experiential exploration is inscribed into the bearings of our bodily being; speech is instituted in bodily presence; truth concerns the way our claims about things are confirmed by our experience. A chapter on the phenomenological method describes it as a means of clarifying the modality of experience that is written into its very fabric; and a chapter on the phenomenological movement bridges its divisions while responding to criticisms from analytic philosophy and postmodernism.
Gender, Political Participation and Representation: The Nigeria Story
Authors: Karubi Nwanesi Peter , Wasudawan Komathi 
Published: August 2020

Aims: This article aims to examines women's political participation and representation in Nigeria. The study employed the 2019s Nigeria general election data with an emphasis on the number of men and women candidates for various seats and posts.
Study Design: The study implemented quantitative and qualitative research approach.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was held in Nigeria between February and March 2019 within the duration of the General Elections (GE).
Methodology: Data dwelled more on the secondary data from the Nigeria Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) such as Final List of Senatorial Candidates, Final List of Governorship Candidates, Final List of Presidential Candidates, Final List of State House of Assembly Candidates, and Final List of Candidates for House of Representatives followed by interviews.
Results: The findings indicate that even though women in Nigeria are politically active, they are not considered equal to their men counterparts - a product of patriarchal inclination. Certainly, Nigerian society still subscribes to the senseless connotation of: ‘women’, what do they know? A common phrase employed even in an ordinary family conversation. Besides, women participants lack financial backup and social support for political positions.
Conclusion: Women’s low proportion of political representation at the highest levels of politics is a persistent issue in gender stratification in Africa, but paramount in Nigeria. Despite advances in women’s educational level and economic participation, the findings in this study have shown that women in Nigeria have little or no significant progress with respect to political representation in the country’s political sphere.
A Novel Corona Virus (COVID-19) Pandemic, Pathogenesis, Clinical Features and Management Options, Public Health Measures
Authors: George Mukoro Duke 
Published: August 2020

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 is an unknown corona virus causing COVID-19 disease responsible for the ongoing pandemic affecting over 190 countries, with a mortality rate of about 5%. The high mortality rate resulted from its ability to elicit cytokine storm via non-specific immune response with delay in specific immune response, notably worst in the elderly, HIV, immunocompromised and cancer diseased patients. The article therefore provides frontline health care workers, the opportunity to understand and equip themselves with management options, public health measures used in coping with COVID-19 infections and enables personnel to make quick preparation for Symptomatic COVID-19 infection in-order to reduce mortalities in health facilities. It also provides a summarised teaching material for medical and allied health students around the world.
Methodology: Credible data and information were obtained from the World health organization situation report, Johns Hopkins University Corona Virus resource centre and other notable journal publications. Most information was on public domain.
Results: Clinical features reported include pneumonia, renal dysfunction, hepatobiliary dysfunction and residual tissue damage, especially in the lungs in those that survive. The literature highlights the blood work-up picture (Leucopenia, increased cytokines IL-6, ferritin, Serum creatinine, urea, AST, GGT, ALT and Viremia) and radiological features of the disease. ELISA and RT-qPCR test are required for diagnosis using sputum, or pharyngeal swab, blood, serum, urine and faecal samples which lead to faeco-oral transmission. ELISA/RT-PCR is also required for disease exclusions in co-existing epidemics such as MERS-CoV, SARS-COV and other viral diseases. Treatment modalities employed thus far are trials that have produce results including targeted therapy, anti-retroviral, Favipiravir, Remdesivir, antibody-serum and antimalaria drugs such as chloroquine and quinine which are found among some protocols in African setting and other developing countries. Currently, ongoing preventive measures (face mask, social distancing and hand hygiene, community testing, isolation of confirmed cases and tracking of the exposed, remain the key corner-stone in the management of COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion: COVID -19 disease still remain unclear to many scientists and its pandemic still ongoing. There are many research and clinical trials ongoing while some drugs are used off-label in-order to mitigate the damage caused by the virus in Human body. Cytokine storm needs immunomodulators and viral targeted therapy as discussed in-order to reduce tissue damage, and eventually morbidity and mortalities from COVID-19 infections.
Quality Control Measurement and in vitro Bioequivalence of Candesartan Cilexetil Tablets Marketed in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Bratty Mohammed Al- , Alhazmi Hassan A. , Makeen Hafiz A. , Najmi Asim , Alam Md Shamsher , Ageeli Rabea Mussa Rabea , Muzafar Hisham M. A. , Alam Nawazish , Alam M. Intakhab 
Published: August 2020

Aim: Some generics were reported to be counterfeit and inferior quality than the innovators. This study was aimed to make sure about the compliance with standard specifications and evaluation of the quality of different selected brands (generic and innovator), after performing different pharmacopeial quality control tests, of Candesartan cilexetil tablets (16 mg) commercially available in Saudi Arabia for hypertensive patients.
Study Design: In vitro study of tablets.
Place and Duration of Study: College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, KSA, between September 2018 and May 2019.
Methodology: The different generic brands of Candesartan cilexetil (CC) and innovator brand (16 mg) were subjected to weight variation, hardness, friability, assay, and disintegration tests following the established protocols. The purity of active ingredient was authenticated by comparative analysis of FT-IR spectra with pure drug. In vitro bioequivalence was studied after analyzing the results of dissolution summaries in phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) mixed with polysorbate 20 (0.35% v/v).
Results: The results of the tests conducted for evaluation of the tablets were found to be in acceptable limits for all the selected brands. After comparative analysis of FT-IR spectra with pure drug, it was inferred that correct active ingredient was used for the preparation of tablets. The drug release profile exhibited 96.89 – 101.97% of release of CC from all generic brands, in comparison to 99.4% for innovator brand after 60 min of study. The assessment of difference factor (f1<15) and similarity factor (f2>50) revealed the resemblance of generic brands with that of innovator brand. Furthermore, the dissolution efficiency (DE = ±10% of the innovator value) of all generic brands (73.12 – 73.25%) exhibited equivalency with that of innovator brand (70.45%).
Conclusion: The selected generics were considered to be biopharmaceutically equivalent to the innovator and maintained their efficacy. As a consequence, these brands can be used interchangeably by the hypertensive patients in Saudi Arabia.
Analytical Pattern in Dermatoglyphics
Authors: Sruthy S. R. , Thomas Jayakar 
Published: August 2020

Aim: The aim was to study the analytical pattern in dermatoglyphics.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in Skin Opd, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. A total of 100 participants with different hand dermatitis pattern were included in the study. All patients were subjected to: 1. Complete history, 2. Dermatological examination, 3. Finger print pattern of all the patients, 4. Informed consent.
Results: This hospital-based study involved 100 patients with Psoriasis (47) Eczema (23) Dermatophytosis (12), Syphilis (3), Drug reaction (5) Palmar keratoderma. (10), the most common being psoriasis and eczema. In psoriasis patients, whorl pattern was the commonest (48.29%), followed by 31.43% loop, 21.43% arch and 2.86% composite pattern. In eczema patients, loop and whorl pattern was found in (44.74%) followed by 34.23% loop, 22.43% arch and 1.86% composite pattern.
Conclusion: The palmar pattern intensities were increased in both sexes, while the digital pattern intensities were increased in males and decreased in females. TFRC was increased in males and decreased in female patients. In both cases and controls, TFRC was more in males than females. A-b count showed a significant reduction in both sexes.