bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Survivor's Journey: Preliminary efficacy of an online problem‐solving therapy for survivors of pediatric brain tumor
Authors: Wade Shari L. , Narad Megan E. , Moscato Emily L. , LeBlond Elizabeth I. , King Jessica A. , Raj Stacey P. , Platt Amber , Thompson Aimee N. , Baum Katherine T. , Salloum Ralph 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough pediatric brain tumor survivors are at high risk for a variety of psychosocial and neurocognitive late effects, there are few evidence‐based interventions to address their needs. The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of an online problem‐solving intervention on improving the quality of life and executive dysfunction among adolescent and young adult brain tumor survivors.ProcedureA Survivor's Journey was adapted from a similar intervention for survivors of traumatic brain injuries, and involved self‐guided web modules providing training in problem‐solving as a tool for coping with everyday challenges, as well as weekly teleconferences with a trained therapist. Survivors (n = 19) between the ages of 13 and 25, and their caregivers, completed standardized measures of their emotional and behavioral functioning, executive functioning, and quality of life before and after the 12‐ to 16‐week intervention.ResultsParticipation in the intervention led to significant improvements in self‐reported overall (Mpre = 62.03, SDpre = 17.67, Mpost = 71.97, SDpost = 16.75; d = 0.58, P = 0.01) and physical quality of life (Mpre = 63.13, SDpre = 21.88, Mpost = 75.00, SDpost = 21.33; d = 0.55, P < 0.01) as well as parent‐reported emotional quality of life (Mpre = 65.00, SDpre = 28.72, Mpost = 76.15, SDpost = 23.47; d = 0.43, P = 0.03). Greater improvement was noted in those who were diagnosed before the age of seven and those with average or above average estimated IQs. Current age did not moderate outcomes.ConclusionsOnline problem‐solving therapy may be efficacious in improving pediatric brain tumor survivors’ quality of life; however, further research with a comparison group is needed. Online interventions such as Survivor's Journey may decrease barriers to evidence‐based psychosocial care for brain tumor survivors.
Assessment of explosibility and explosion severity of rice flour at different concentration and ignition time
Authors: Wan Sulaiman Wan Zaiton , Mohd Idris Mohd Fadzil , Gimbun Jolius , Sulaiman Siti Zubaidah 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article presents a dust explosion characteristics of commercial rice flour at different concentration and ignition time. The rice flour with a moisture content of 7.79% (undried) and a mean diameter of D50 = 28.77 μm was used in this work. The moisture in the rice flour was further reduced by oven drying to 2.47% (dried) and both samples were tested for comparison. Experiments were performed in a 20 L spherical explosion chamber to obtain the maximum explosion overpressure (Pmax), rate of pressure rise (dP/dT), minimum explosibility concentration (MEC), and deflagration index (Kst) of undried and dried commercial rice flour. The dust samples and air mixtures were ignited by two chemical ignitors at the ignition time (tv) of 60 and 100 ms. The propagation of pressure wave during the explosion process was measured by the piezoelectric pressure sensor. The Pmax for undried and dried rice flour at tv of 60 ms were found at 11.25 bar and 8.6 bar, respectively. The Pmax was obtained at the highest concentration of dust (1000 kg/m3). The highest pressure rise of undried sample was obtained at 81 bar/s whereas for dried sample the highest value was obtained at 98 bar/s. MEC of undried sample was found at 600 kg/m3 and the dried sample at 500 kg/m3. The Kst of dried rice flour at ignition time 60 ms was found to be the highest at 26.6 bar m/s. It was found that the severity of the dust explosion increases proportionally with the dust concentration. Rice flour with higher moisture content has a lower explosion severity, than that of dried sample. Findings from this work provide a useful safety information about the severity and explosibility of rice flour, for which unsafe handling and operation may be minimized.
Stimulus Responsive 3D Assembly for Spatially Resolved Bifunctional Sensors
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Deng Heng , Xie Yunchao , Zhang Chi , Su Jheng‐Wun , Lin Jian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract3D electronic/optoelectronic devices have shown great potentials for various applications due to their unique properties inherited not only from functional materials, but also from 3D architectures. Although a variety of fabrication methods including mechanically guided assembly have been reported, the resulting 3D devices show no stimuli‐responsive functions or are not free standing, thereby limiting their applications. Herein, the stimulus responsive assembly of complex 3D structures driven by temperature‐responsive hydrogels is demonstrated for applications in 3D multifunctional sensors. The assembly driving force, compressive buckling, arises from the volume shrinkage of the responsive hydrogel substrates when they are heated above the lower critical solution temperature. Driven by the compressive buckling force, the 2D‐formed membrane materials, which are pre‐defined and selectively bonded to the substrates, are then assembled to 3D structures. They include “tent,” “tower,” “two‐floor pavilion,” “dome,” “basket,” and “nested‐cages” with delicate geometries. Moreover, the demonstrated 3D bifunctional sensors based on laser induced graphene show capability of spatially resolved tactile sensing and temperature sensing. These multifunctional 3D sensors would open new applications in soft robotics, bioelectronics, micro‐electromechanical systems, and others.
Native MicroRNA Targets Trigger Self‐Assembly of Nanozyme‐Patterned Hollowed Nanocuboids with Optimal Interparticle Gaps for Plasmonic‐Activated Cancer Detection
Authors: Li Junrong , Koo Kevin M. , Wang Yuling , Trau Matt 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe modernized use of nucleic acid (NA) sequences to drive nanostructure self‐assembly has given rise to a new class of designed nanomaterials with controllable plasmonic functionalities for broad surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)‐based bioanalysis applications. Herein, dual usage of microRNAs (miRNAs) as both valuable cancer biomarkers and direct self‐assembly triggers is identified and capitalized upon for custom‐designed plasmonic nanostructures. Through strict NA hybridization of miRNA targets, Au nanospheres selectively self‐assemble onto hollowed Au/Ag alloy nanocuboids with ideal interparticle distances (≈2.3 nm) for optimal SERS signaling. The intrinsic material properties of the self‐assembled nanostructures further elevate miRNA detection performance via nanozyme catalytic SERS signaling cascades. This enables fM‐level miR‐107 detection limit within a clinically‐relevant range without any molecular target amplification. The miRNA‐triggered nanostructure self‐assembly approach is further applied in clinical patient samples, and showcases the potential of miR‐107 as a non‐invasive prostate cancer diagnostic biomarker. The use of miRNA targets to drive nanostructure self‐assembly holds great promise as a practical tool for miRNA detection in disease applications.
Merging Single‐Atom‐Dispersed Iron and Graphitic Carbon Nitride to a Joint Electronic System for High‐Efficiency Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Zhang Wenyao , Peng Qiong , Shi Lingling , Yao Qiushi , Wang Xin , Yu Aiping , Chen Zhongwei , Fu Yongsheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractScalable and sustainable solar hydrogen production via photocatalytic water splitting requires extremely active and stable light‐harvesting semiconductors to fulfill the stringent requirements of suitable energy band position and rapid interfacial charge transfer process. Motivated by this point, increasing attention has been given to the development of photocatalysts comprising intimately interfaced photoabsorbers and cocatalysts. Herein, a simple one‐step approach is reported to fabricate a high‐efficiency photocatalytic system, in which single‐site dispersed iron atoms are rationally integrated on the intrinsic structure of the porous crimped graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) polymer. A detailed analysis of the formation process shows that a stable complex is generated by spontaneously coordinating dicyandiamidine nitrate with iron ions in isopropanol, thus leading to a relatively complicated polycondensation reaction upon thermal treatment. The correlation of experimental and computational results confirms that optimized electronic structures of Fe@g‐C3N4 with an appropriate d‐band position and negatively shifting Fermi level can be achieved, which effectively gains the reducibility of electrons and creates more active sites for the photocatalytic reactions. As a result, the Fe@g‐C3N4 exhibits a highlighted intramolecular synergistic effect, performing greatly enhanced solar‐photon‐driven activities, including excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate (3390 µmol h−1 g−1, λ > 420 nm) and a reliable apparent quantum efficiency value of 6.89% at 420 nm.
Construction of 3D Electronic/Ionic Conduction Networks for All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Wan Hongli , Cai Liangting , Han Fudong , Mwizerwa Jean Pierre , Wang Chunsheng , Yao Xiayin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHigh and balanced electronic and ionic transportation networks with nanoscale distribution in solid‐state cathodes are crucial to realize high‐performance all‐solid‐state lithium batteries. Using Cu2SnS3 as a model active material, such a kind of solid‐state Cu2SnS3@graphene‐Li7P3S11 nanocomposite cathodes are synthesized, where 5–10 nm Cu2SnS3 nanoparticles homogenously anchor on the graphene nanosheets, while the Li7P3S11 electrolytes uniformly coat on the surface of Cu2SnS3@graphene composite forming nanoscaled electron/ion transportation networks. The large amount of nanoscaled triple‐phase boundary in cathode ensures high power density due to high ionic/electronic conductions and long cycle life due to uniform and reduced volume change of nano‐Cu2SnS3. The Cu2SnS3@graphene‐Li7P3S11 cathode layer with 2.0 mg cm−2 loading in all‐solid‐state lithium batteries demonstrates a high reversible discharge specific capacity of 813.2 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 and retains 732.0 mAh g−1 after 60 cycles, corresponding to a high energy density of 410.4 Wh kg−1 based on the total mass of Cu2SnS3@graphene‐Li7P3S11 composite based cathode. Moreover, it exhibits excellent rate capability and high‐rate cycling stability, showing reversible capacity of 363.5 mAh g−1 at 500 mA g−1 after 200 cycles. The study provides a new insight into constructing both electronic and ionic conduction networks for all‐solid‐state lithium batteries.
Determination of trace elements Fe, cu and Zn in the Algerian cancerous plasma using X‐ray fluorescence (XRF)
Authors: Lahmar L. , Benamar M.E.A. , Melzi M.A. , Melkaou C.H. , Mabdoua Y. 
Published: November 2019

Cancers are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. The purpose of this study was to conduct a survey on the effect of minerals on cancer risk in the Algerian population. One hundred and seventy‐eight plasma samples were used to analyze the concentrations of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in cancerous patients and also in healthy subjects using the X‐ray florescence technique (XRF). Samples were classified according to the age and gender of the donors. An empirical formula was developed for the concentration of Zinc, Copper and Iron in cancer patients according to the age. The averages iron, copper and zinc concentrations in mg/kg for control and Cancer disease groups were (1493 ± 105; 1496 ± 86), (1172 ± 229; 1078 ± 283) and (1266 ± 202; 1344 ± 208) respectively. The ANOVA One‐Way test was applied. For both genders of control and cancer disease groups it shows a significant decrease rate of copper for global and female gender and a significant increase rate of zinc for global and male gender (p < 0.05). The results indicate that the Cu and Zn concentration could show helpful tools for diagnosis and preventive treatment of cancer diseases.
The Schwinger point
Authors: Georgi Howard 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Sommerfield model with a massive vector field coupled to a massless fermion in 1+1 dimensions is an exactly solvable analog of a Bank-Zaks model. The “physics” of the model comprises a massive boson and an unparticle sector that survives at low energy as a conformal field theory (Thirring model). I discuss the “Schwinger point” of the Sommerfield model in which the vector boson mass goes to zero. The limit is singular but gauge invariant quantities should be well-defined. I give a number of examples, both (trivially) with local operators and with nonlocal products connected by Wilson lines (the primary technical accomplishment in this note is the explicit and very pedestrian calculation of correlators involving straight Wilson lines). I hope that this may give some insight into the nature of bosonization in the Schwinger model and its connection with unparticle physics which in this simple case may be thought of as “incomplete bosonization.”
Plasma ascorbic acid and the risk of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes: the TEDDY study
Authors:   for the TEDDY Study Group, Mattila Markus , Erlund Iris , Lee Hye-Seung , Niinistö Sari , Uusitalo Ulla , Andrén Aronsson Carin , Hummel Sandra , Parikh Hemang , Rich Stephen S. , Hagopian William , Toppari Jorma , Lernmark Åke , Ziegler Anette G. , Rewers Marian , Krischer Jeffrey P. , Norris Jill M. , Virtanen Suvi M. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
We studied the association of plasma ascorbic acid with the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes and examined whether SNPs in vitamin C transport genes modify these associations. Furthermore, we aimed to determine whether the SNPs themselves are associated with the risk of islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes.

Methods
We used a risk set sampled nested case–control design within an ongoing international multicentre observational study: The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY). The TEDDY study followed children with increased genetic risk from birth to endpoints of islet autoantibodies (350 cases, 974 controls) and type 1 diabetes (102 cases, 282 controls) in six clinical centres. Control participants were matched for family history of type 1 diabetes, clinical centre and sex. Plasma ascorbic acid concentration was measured at ages 6 and 12 months and then annually up to age 6 years. SNPs in vitamin C transport genes were genotyped using the ImmunoChip custom microarray. Comparisons were adjusted for HLA genotypes and for background population stratification.

Results
Childhood plasma ascorbic acid (mean ± SD 10.76 ± 3.54 mg/l in controls) was inversely associated with islet autoimmunity risk (adjusted OR 0.96 [95% CI 0.92, 0.99] per +1 mg/l), particularly islet autoimmunity, starting with insulin autoantibodies (OR 0.94 [95% CI 0.88, 0.99]), but not with type 1 diabetes risk (OR 0.93 [95% Cl 0.86, 1.02]). The SLC2A2 rs5400 SNP was associated with increased risk of type 1 diabetes (OR 1.77 [95% CI 1.12, 2.80]), independent of plasma ascorbic acid (OR 0.92 [95% CI 0.84, 1.00]).

Conclusions/interpretation
Higher plasma ascorbic acid levels may protect against islet autoimmunity in children genetically at risk for type 1 diabetes. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.

Data availability
The datasets generated and analysed during the current study will be made available in the NIDDK Central Repository at https://www.niddkrepository.org/studies/teddy.
Are Adrenal Lesions of 6 cm or More in Diameter a Contraindication to Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy? A Case–Control Study
Authors: Balla Andrea , Palmieri Livia , Meoli Francesca , Corallino Diletta , Ortenzi Monica , Ursi Pietro , Guerrieri Mario , Quaresima Silvia , Paganini Alessandro M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this case–control study is to compare the surgical outcomes of laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) for lesions measuring ≥6 cm versus ≤5.9 cm in diameter.MethodsEighty‐one patients with adrenal gland lesions ≥6 cm in diameter (intervention group) were identified. Patients were matched to 81 patients with adrenal gland ≤5.9 cm in diameter (control group) based on disease (Conn–Cushing syndrome, pheochromocytoma, primary or secondary adrenal cancer or other disease), lesion side (right, left), surgical technique (anterior transperitoneal approach for right and left LA or anterior transperitoneal submesocolic for left LA) and body mass index class (18–24.9, 25–29.9, 30–34.9, 35–39.9, ≥40 kg/m2). Surgical outcomes were compared between the intervention and control groups.ResultsMean operative time was statistically significantly longer in the interventional arm (101.4 ± 52.4 vs. and 85 ± 31.6 min, p = 0.0174). Eight conversions were observed in the intervention group (9.8%) compared to four in the control group (4.9%) (p = 0.3690). Five (6.1%) and three (3.7%) postoperative complications were observed in the intervention and control groups, respectively (p = 0.7196). Mean postoperative hospital stay was 4.6 ± 2.4 and 4.1 ± 2.3 days in the intervention and control groups, respectively (p = 0.1957).ConclusionsOperative time was statistically significantly longer in adrenal gland lesions ≥6 cm in diameter (vs. ≤5.9 cm). Conversion and complication rates were also higher, but the difference was not statistically significant. Based on the present data, adrenal gland lesions ≥6 cm in diameter are not an absolute contraindication to the laparoscopic approach.
Individualized intravenous thrombolytic strategy for acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion on the era of mechanical thrombectomy: cases report
Authors: Xing Pengfei , Shen Hongjian , Li Zifu , Yang Pengfei , Zhang Yongwei , Liu Jianmin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke within 4.5 h after the onset of symptoms has become a standard therapy that is recommended by many trials and clinical guidelines. As on the era of mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusions, whether intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is still necessary, and how to choose the optimal dose are still controversy. Here, we reported two cases of acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusions that both achieved complete recanalization after IVT. Then, IVT was terminated in advance, and dynamic surveillance by DSA was performed to achieve individual treatment. However, both of the cases presented with hemorrhagic transformation. We analyzed the probable reasons and put forward thoughts from ourselves.
The Hall–Petch and inverse Hall–Petch relations and the hardness of nanocrystalline metals
Authors: Naik Sneha N. , Walley Stephen M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe review some of the factors that influence the hardness of polycrystalline materials with grain sizes less than 1 µm. The fundamental physical mechanisms that govern the hardness of nanocrystalline materials are discussed. The recently proposed dislocation curvature model for grain size-dependent strengthening and the 60-year-old Hall–Petch relationship are compared. For grains less than 30 nm in size, there is evidence for a transition from dislocation-based plasticity to grain boundary sliding, rotation, or diffusion as the main mechanism responsible for hardness. The evidence surrounding the inverse Hall–Petch phenomenon is found to be inconclusive due to processing artefacts, grain growth effects, and errors associated with the conversion of hardness to yield strength in nanocrystalline materials.
‘I am your son, mother’: severe dementia and duties to visit parents who can’t recognise you
Authors: de Vries Bouke 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIt is commonly assumed that many, if not most, adult children have moral duties to visit their parents when they can do so at reasonable cost. However, whether such duties persist when the parents lose the ability to recognise their children, usually due to dementia, is more controversial. Over 40% of respondents in a public survey from the British Alzheimer’s Society said that it was “pointless” to keep up contact at this stage. Insofar as one cannot be morally required to do pointless things, this would suggest that children are relieved of any duties to visit their parents. In what appears to be the only scholarly treatment of this issue, Claudia Mills has defended this view, arguing that our duties to visit our parents require a type of relationship that is lost when parents no longer remember who their children are. This article challenges Mills’ argument. Not only can children be duty-bound to visit parents who have lost the ability to recognise them, I argue that many children do in fact have such duties. As I show, these duties are grounded in any special interests that their parents have in their company; the fact that visiting their parents might allow them to comply with generic duties of sociability; and/or the fact that such visits allow them to express any gratitude that they owe their parents.
No hope for the Irrelevance Claim
Authors: Egler Miguel 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEmpirical findings about intuitions putatively cast doubt on the traditional methodology of philosophy. Herman Cappelen and Max Deutsch have argued that these methodological concerns are unmotivated as experimental findings about intuitions are irrelevant for assessments of the methodology of philosophy—I dub this the ‘Irrelevance Claim’. In this paper, I first explain that for Cappelen and Deutsch to vindicate the Irrelevance Claim from a forceful objection, their arguments have to establish that intuitions play no epistemically significant role whatsoever in philosophy—call this the ‘Orthogonality Claim’. I then argue that even under a charitable reading of their views Cappelen and Deutsch fail to establish the Orthogonality Claim. Lastly, I discuss empirical evidence that the Orthogonality Claim is false. The arguments in this paper will demonstrate that Cappelen and Deutsch cannot motivate the Irrelevance Claim and that their replies to recent experimental attacks on traditional methodology of philosophy do not succeed.
Citizenship and Surveys: Group Conflict and Nationality-of-Interviewer Effects in Arab Public Opinion Data
Authors: Gengler Justin J. , Le Kien T. , Wittrock Jill 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMore research than ever before uses public opinion data to investigate society and politics in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Ethnic identities are widely theorized to mediate many of the political attitudes and behaviors that MENA surveys commonly seek to measure, but, to date, no research has systematically investigated how the observable ethnic category(s) of the interviewer may influence participation and answers given in Middle East surveys. Here we measure the impact of one highly salient and outwardly observable ascriptive attribute of interviewers—nationality—using data from an original survey experiment conducted in the Arab Gulf state of Qatar. Applying the total survey error (TSE) framework and utilizing an innovative nonparametric matching technique, we estimate treatment effects on both nonresponse error and measurement error. We find that Qatari nationals are more likely to begin and finish a survey, and respond to questions, when interviewed by a fellow national. Qataris also edit their answers to sensitive questions relating to the unequal status of citizens and noncitizens, reporting views that are more exclusionary and less positive toward out-group members, when the interviewer is a conational. The findings have direct implications for consumers and producers of a growing number of surveys conducted inside and outside the Arab world, where migration and conflict have made respondent-interviewer mismatches along national and other ethnic dimensions more salient and more common.