bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH3F1 involvement in flowering time regulation through histone acetylation modulation on FLOWERING LOCUS C
Authors: Xu Danyun , Liu Qing , Chen Gang , Yan Zhiqiang , Hu Honghong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFlowering time regulation is one of the most important processes in the whole life of flowering plants and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) is a central repressor of flowering time. However, whether metabolic acetate level affects flowering time is unknown. Here we report that ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE ALDH3F1 plays essential roles in floral transition via FLC‐dependent pathway. In the aldh3f1‐1 mutant, the flowering time was significant earlier than Col‐0 and the FLC expression level was reduced. ALDH3F1 had aldehyde dehydrogenase activity to affect the acetate level in plants, and the amino acids of E214 and C252 are essential for its catalytic activity. Moreover, aldh3f1 mutation reduced acetate level and the total acetylation on histone H3. The H3K9Ac level on FLC locus was decreased in aldh3f1‐1, which reduced FLC expression. Expression of ALDH3F1 could rescue the decreased H3K9Ac level on FLC, FLC expression and also the early‐flowering phenotype of aldh3f1‐1, however ALDH3F1E214A or ALDH3F1C252A could not. Our findings demonstrate that ALDH3F1 participates in flowering time regulation through modulating the supply of acetate for acetyl‐CoA, which functions as histone acetylation donor to modulate H3K9Ac on FLC locus.
Profiles of atypical sensory processing in Angelman, Cornelia de Lange and Fragile X syndromes
Authors: Heald M. , Adams D. , Oliver C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere is growing evidence to suggest that children with neurodevelopmental disorders may evidence differences in their sensory processing. The aim of this study was to compare sensory processing patterns in three genetic syndromes associated with sensory difference.MethodsSensory processing in Angelman syndrome (n= 91), Cornelia de Lange syndrome (n= 28) and Fragile X syndrome (n= 40) was examined using the informant report measure the Sensory Experiences Questionnaire (SEQ).ResultsAll three groups were associated with a heightened prevalence of unusual sensory processing in comparison with normative data, evidenced in over 80% of all participants. Cross‐syndrome comparisons highlighted syndrome‐specific sensory processing profiles, with heightened hypo responsivity in Cornelia de Lange syndrome and sensory seeking in Angelman syndrome.ConclusionsThe results have important implications for the understanding of sensory processing in genetic syndromes and the development of tailored behavioural interventions.
Juvenile recurrent parotitis: Soft foods contribute to the delayed development of salivary glands
Authors: Wu Shufeng , Wang Baoli , Yu Chuangqi , Wang Zhijun , Xie Lisong , Fu Jiayao , Shi Huan , Zheng Lingyan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundJuvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) is the second‐most common childhood disease of the salivary glands after mumps. Since popularisation of mumps vaccination, children suffered from JRP more often, and the aetiology remains unclear. Chinese children had the habit of soft foods due to the special dietary habit of Asia.ObjectivesTo clarify whether mastication was related to the pathogenesis of JRP and whether the growth of salivary glands was influenced by soft diet.MethodsInvestigation of dietary habit and masticatory efficiency from 2015 to 2018 of children diagnosed with JRP compared with the normal children by the dentition. Mice had been fed a soft diet beginning in their development phase. The gland weight, amount of saliva, salivary amylase, histological and ultrastructural observation and the expression levels of EGF, FGFr2 and Wnt3a had been tested.ResultsThe JRP children preferred soft foods and had a significantly lower masticatory efficiency than do normal children. When normalised by body weight, the gland weight, amount of saliva and amount of salivary amylase in the experimental group were significantly lower. The ultrastructural results showed that the acinar cells in the experimental groups were smaller and contained fewer electron‐dense secretory granules than those in the control groups. The expression levels of EGF, FGFr2 and Wnt3a in the salivary glands of mice in the experimental groups were significantly lower than those of mice in the control groups.ConclusionThe soft diet indeed influenced the salivary gland through insufficient mastication, which could be one of the primary factors inducing JRP.
Bridging the knowledge gap on mycoses in Africa: Setting up a Pan‐African Mycology Working Group
Authors: Oladele Rita O. , Akase Iorhen E. , Fahal Ahmed H. , Govender Nelesh P. , Hoenigl Martin , Gangneux Jean Pierre , Chiller Tom M. , Denning David W. , Cornely Oliver A. , Chakrabarti Arunaloke 
Published: December 2019

SummaryMost African countries have poorly funded and overburdened health systems. Additionally, a high prevalence of HIV in Sub‐Saharan Africa contributes to a high burden of opportunistic fungal infections. Data generated by GAFFI from 15 of 57 African countries revealed that an estimated 47 million Africans suffer from fungal diseases, of whom an estimated 1.7 million suffer from a serious fungal infection annually. Almost all African countries lack a surveillance system for fungal infections with the exception of South Africa. South Africa is also the only African country with a national mycology reference laboratory. Across the continent, there is a pervasive picture of inadequate/poor diagnostic capacity, low level of awareness among healthcare workers and policymakers and unavailability and non‐accessibility to essential antifungal medications. Recent outreach efforts by the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ISHAM) and the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) have aimed to increase involvement of African countries and experts in global initiatives such as “One World One Guideline” and also the ECMM Academy. Recently, under the auspices of ISHAM, the African sub‐region created a network of mycology experts whose goal is to organise and engage African leaders in the field of medical mycology. The aim of this ISHAM Working Group was to facilitate interaction and synergy among regional leaders in order to develop educational programmes for capacity building to aid in the diagnosis and care of patients with fungal infections in Africa. The working group will also encourage country initiatives to develop clinical guidelines, to support surveys and to support the establishment of reference mycology laboratories.
Comparison of the effectiveness of a 12 step substance use recovery program on quality of life
Authors: Mokhtari Mohammad Reza , Alavi Mousa , Pahlavanzadeh Saeid , Weimand Bente M. , Visentin Denis , Cleary Michelle 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSubstance‐related disorders can adversely impact quality of life. This study assessed a 12 step program on health‐related quality of life for Iranian individuals seeking to recover from substance use. The study used a quasi‐experimental, two group, three stage, pre‐ and post‐test design and collected data at baseline, and at 1 and 3 months’ post‐intervention. The treatment group comprised 35 participants in a 12 step program with a non‐equivalent comparison group of individuals admitted to addiction treatment centers. Physical and mental health quality‐of‐life domains were assessed using the Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire. The treatment group improved in all aspects of health‐related quality of life. The treatment group improved compared to the comparison group for two of eight quality of life dimensions – physical functioning and role limitations due to emotional problems – at 1 month post‐intervention. There were additional improvements at 3 months’ follow up in six of eight quality‐of‐life subscales compared to the comparison group. The benefits to quality of life related to mental health recovery extended beyond the treatment program, indicating that the program principles were effectively implemented in daily life.
Sesquiterpene glucosylation mediated by glucosyltransferase UGT91Q2 is involved in the modulation of cold stress tolerance in tea plants
Authors: Zhao Mingyue , Zhang Na , Gao Ting , Jin Jieyang , Jing Tingting , Wang Jingming , Wu Yi , Wan Xiaochun , Schwab Wilfried , Song Chuankui 
Published: December 2019

Summary

Plants produce and emit terpenes, including sesquiterpenes, during growth and development, which serve different functions in plants. The sesquiterpene nerolidol has health‐promoting properties and adds a floral scent to plants. However, the glycosylation mechanism of nerolidol and its biological roles in plants remained unknown.

Sesquiterpene UDP‐glucosyltransferases were selected by using metabolites‐genes correlation analysis, and its roles in response to cold stress were studied.

We discovered the first plant UGT (UGT91Q2) in tea plant, whose expression is strongly induced by cold stress and which specifically catalyzes the glucosylation of nerolidol. The accumulation of nerolidol glucoside was consistent with the expression level of UGT91Q2 in response to cold stress, as well as in different tea cultivars. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity of nerolidol glucoside was significantly higher than that of free nerolidol. Down‐regulation of UGT91Q2 resulted in reduced accumulation of nerolidol glucoside, ROS scavenging capacity and tea plant cold tolerance. Tea plants absorbed airborne nerolidol and converted it to its glucoside, subsequently enhancing tea plant cold stress tolerance.

Nerolidol plays a role in response to cold stress as well as in triggering plant–plant communication in response to cold stress. Our findings reveal previously unidentified roles of volatiles in response to abiotic stress in plants.
Histidine‐containing dipeptides reduce central obesity and improve glycaemic outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Menon Kirthi , Marquina Clara , Liew Danny , Mousa Aya , de Courten Barbora 
Published: December 2019

SummarySupplementation with histidine‐containing dipeptides has been shown to improve obesity and glycaemic outcomes in animal and human studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials to examine these effects. Electronic databases were searched investigating the effects of histidine‐containing dipeptides supplementation on anthropometric and glycaemic outcomes. Meta‐analyses were performed using random‐effects models to calculate the weighted mean difference and 95% confidence interval. There were 30 studies for the systematic review and 23 studies pooled for meta‐analysis. Histidine‐containing dipeptide groups had a lower waist circumference (WMD [95% CI] = −3.53 cm [−5.65, −1.41], p = 0.001) and HbA1c level (WMD [95% CI] = −0.76% (8.5 mmol/mol) [−1.29% (14.3 mmol/mol), −0.24% (2.8 mmol/mol)], p = 0.004) at follow‐up compared with controls. In sensitivity analyses of studies with low risk of bias, waist circumference, HbA1c, and fasting glucose levels (WMD [95% CI] = −0.63 mmol/L [−1.09, −0.18], p = 0.006) were significantly lower in intervention groups versus controls. There was also a trend toward lower fat mass (p = 0.09), insulin resistance (p = 0.07), and higher insulin secretion (p = 0.06) in intervention versus control groups. Supplementation with histidine‐containing dipeptides may reduce central obesity and improve glycaemic outcomes. Further studies exploring histidine‐containing dipeptide use in obesity and diabetes prevention and treatment are warranted.
The metaphysical background to early Confucian ethics
Authors: Connolly Tim 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhat is the metaphysical background to early Confucian ethics? Is there a distinctive picture of reality that informs texts such as theAnalects,Mencius, andXunzi? Contemporary interpreters disagree on the answer to these questions, a division reflected not just in scholarly debates but in how early Confucian texts are introduced to larger audiences. This article will begin with a discussion of some general methodological issues involved in applying the term “metaphysics” to classical Chinese thought, and then examine a couple of prominent reconstructions of the metaphysical background to early Confucian texts.
Artificial stone‐associated silicosis in China: A prospective comparison with natural stone‐associated silicosis
Authors: Wu Na , Xue Changjiang , Yu Shiwen , Ye Qiao 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveWe recently noted a dramatic increase in the number of patients with accelerated silicosis associated with exposure to artificial stone dust. Therefore, the natural history of artificial stone‐associated silicosis was compared with that of natural stone‐associated silicosis.MethodsA total of 18 patients with artificial stone‐associated silicosis and 63 with natural stone‐associated silicosis were diagnosed sequentially in 2018 and followed up for a period of 6–12 months. Data were collected from clinical charts.ResultsThe median duration of exposure prior to onset of symptoms of silicosis was shorter for patients who had been exposed to artificial stone dust (6.4 vs 29.3 years, P < 0.01). Four of the 18 patients experienced rapid deterioration in lung function over the follow‐up period, with declines in pre‐bronchodilator FVC of 587 (210–960) mL/year and FEV1 of 625 (360–860) mL/year. GGO, PMF, emphysema and pulmonary artery widening were more frequently observed on computed tomography scans of patients with artificial stone‐associated silicosis than of those with natural stone‐associated silicosis. Approximately 38.9% of the patients with artificial stone‐associated silicosis were lung transplant candidates and 27.8% died, both rates being significantly higher than in patients with natural stone‐associated silicosis (3.2% and 0%, both P < 0.01).ConclusionCompared to natural stone‐associated silicosis, artificial stone‐associated silicosis was characterized by short latency, rapid radiological progression, accelerated decline in lung function and high mortality.
Design Methodology for Robotic Manipulator for Overground Physical Interaction Tasks
Authors: Regmi Sambad , Song Yun Seong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We present a new design method that is tailored for designing a physical interactive robotic arm for overground physical interaction. Designing such robotic arms present various unique requirements that differ from existing robotic arms, which are used for general manipulation, such as being able to generate required forces at every point inside the workspace and/or having low intrinsic mechanical impedance. Our design method identifies these requirements and categorizes them into kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the robot and then ensures that these unique considerations are satisfied in the early design phase. The robot’s capability for use in such tasks is analyzed using mathematical simulations of the designed robot, and discussion of its dynamic characteristics is presented. With our proposed method, the robot arm is ensured to perform various overground interactive tasks with a human.
Leveraging Adapted Polynomial Chaos Metamodels for Real-Time Bayesian Updating
Authors: Ghauch Ziad G. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
As engineered systems face an ever-increasing array of threats, the ability to perform real-time predictions and decision-making is central for coping with potential menaces. For thorough real-time predictions, uncertainty measures need to be incorporated, albeit conventional uncertainty quantification (UQ) efforts are often time-consuming and thus go against the essence of real-time decision-making. A fast, metamodel-based Bayesian updating scheme within a decision-making under uncertainty framework is proposed. The latter combines data harnessing, assimilation, and parameter updating in an online setting. For fast parameter updating in the online phase, the adaptation property of polynomial chaos (PC) metamodels is exploited. In the offline phase, a global Gaussian approximation of the response surface is obtained through a first-order PC surrogate, from which, a rotated basis of the underlying Gaussian Hilbert space is identified. In the subsequent online phase, a cheap, locally adapted solution embedded in a lower dimensional subspace is leveraged within a Bayesian updating setting to perform fast data assimilation. Incorporating uncertainty into real-time decision-making paves the way for higher confidence in online predictions, increased system resilience, and adaptivity to surroundings. The aforementioned fast parameter updating scheme based on adapted PC metamodels is evaluated on a set of problems with varying complexity.
Improved Radial Plane Fins Heat Sink for Light-Emitting Diode Lamps Cooling
Authors: Lopes António M. G. , Costa Vítor A. F. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A numerical study is conducted concerning the improvement of radial plane fins heat sinks for natural convection cooling of light-emitting diode (LED) lamps. The main objective is to maintain the temperature of the heat sink base below a prescribed threshold for a given released heat flux at the heat sink, minimizing its mass and maintaining at a reasonably simple level the manufacturing processes and operations required for its production. Starting from a previously optimized heat sink for the same purpose, constituted by complete rectangular radial plane fins, the present study aims at further improvements by considering incomplete rectangular radial plane fins. The main objective of this study is to find the best profile for the turning operation to obtain the radial plane fins lighter configuration. It is found that this can be achieved by removing part of the upper internal corners of the rectangular fins, more specifically shaping a curved cut, leading to heat sink mass reduction up to 32.4%. The geometry of the improved heat sink is of cylindrical nature, obtained from cutting an aluminum extruded bar comprising a cylindrical central core and a number of uniformly distributed rectangular radial plane fins, followed by a simple turning operation to remove their upper internal corners. Even if results concern a particular LED lamp, the main ideas and approach prevail to improve other types of heat sinks for general light and/or electronic components cooling.
Achievement Despite Adversity: A Qualitative Investigation of Undrafted National Hockey League Players
Authors: Herbison Jordan D. , Martin Luc J. , Sarkar Mustafa 
Published: December 2019

Adversity is viewed as both an inevitable and an important experience for elite athletes. The purpose of this study was to explore elite athletes’ perceptions of the experiences and characteristics that helped them overcome a shared sport-specific adversity. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 professional athletes (Mage = 27.25, SD = 3.28 yr) who had progressed to careers in the National Hockey League (NHL) despite not being selected in the annual amateur entry draft. Participants discussed their long-term objectives of playing in the NHL, previous experiences with adversity, certain psychological characteristics that facilitated their progression (e.g., competitiveness, passion, confidence), and the significance of social support as key factors that helped them overcome the initial and subsequent adversities associated with being unselected during the amateur entry draft. Practical implications and proposed avenues for future research are discussed in the context of the study’s limitations.
Sleep duration and eating behaviours in youth: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Doan Natalie , Ferro Mark A 
Published: December 2019

IntroductionDevelopmental alterations to the circadian rhythm, in combination with lifestyle changes (eg, changes in school start time, part-time employment), contribute to insufficient sleep among youth. Insufficient sleep is associated with poor eating behaviours in other developmental stages (ie, childhood, adulthood); however, it is currently unknown if this finding generalises to youth. Consequently, identifying the characteristics and results of the studies examining this relationship in youth populations is necessary to guide the future direction of research in this field.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a scoping review to investigate the literature examining the relationship between sleep duration and eating behaviours in youth. The proposed scoping review will follow the standard six-stage protocol outlined by Arksey and O’Malley. To acquire relevant publications, systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, CINHAL, PsycINFO and Scopus in August 2019. Following this, a scan of the grey literature will be conducted. All relevant publications will be screened for their eligibility based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A data extraction tool will be used to collate, summarise and report the results. The findings of the scoping review will be reviewed by relevant stakeholders to aid in interpreting and disseminating the findings. The proposed review will identify existing gaps in the literature and inform the conduct of future studies aimed at understanding the effects of insufficient/excessive sleep and the eating behaviours of youth.Ethics and disseminationThis scoping review does not require ethics approval. Following the completion of the study, the findings will be disseminated at scientific meetings, submitted for peer-reviewed publication and translated to an accessible format for other relevant stakeholders.
Exposure to outdoor air pollution and its human-related health outcomes: an evidence gap map
Authors: Sun Zhuanlan , Zhu Demi 
Published: December 2019

ObjectivesOutdoor air pollution is a serious environmental problem worldwide. Current systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) mostly focused on some specific health outcomes or some specific air pollution.DesignThis evidence gap map (EGM) is to identify existing gaps from SRs and MAs and report them in broad topic areas.Data sourcesPubMed, Cochrane, Scopus and Web of Science were searched from their inception until June 2018. Citations and reference lists were traced.Eligibility criteriaSRs and MAs that investigated the impact of outdoor air pollution on human health outcomes were collected. This study excluded original articles and qualitative review articles.Data extraction and synthesisCharacteristics of the included SRs and MAs were extracted and summarised. Extracted data included authors, publication year, location of the corresponding author(s), publication journal discipline, study design, study duration, sample size, study region, target population, types of air pollution and health outcomes.ResultsAsia and North America published 93% of SRs and MAs included in this EGM. 31% of the SRs and MAs (27/86) included primary studies conducted in 5–10 countries. Their publication trends have increased during the last 10 years. A total of 2864 primary studies was included. The median number of included primary studies was 20 (range, 7–167). Cohort studies, case cross-over studies and time-series studies were the top three most used study designs. The mostly researched population was the group of all ages (46/86, 53%). Cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases and health service records were mostly reported. A lack of definite diagnostic criteria, unclear reporting of air pollution exposure and time period of primary studies were the main research gaps.ConclusionsThis EGM provided a visual overview of health outcomes affected by outdoor air pollution exposure. Future research should focus on chronic diseases, cancer and mental disorders.