bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lactalbumin, Not Collagen, Augments Muscle Protein Synthesis with Aerobic Exercise
Authors: OIKAWA SARA Y. , MACINNIS MARTIN J. , TRIPP THOMAS R. , MCGLORY CHRIS , BAKER STEVEN K. , PHILLIPS STUART M. 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Protein ingestion and the ensuing hyperaminoacidemia stimulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis in the postexercise period. This response facilitates muscle remodeling, which is important during intensified training. The aim of this study was to determine whether supplementation with α-lactalbumin (LA), with high leucine and tryptophan contents, would improve responses to short periods of intensified aerobic training compared with supplementation with an isonitrogenous quantity of collagen peptides (CP).

Methods
Endurance-trained participants (5 male, 6 female, 24 ± 4 yr, V˙O2 = 53.2 ± 9.1 mL·kg−1·min−1, peak power output = 320 ± 48 W; means ± SD) consumed a controlled diet (1.0 g·kg−1·d−1 protein) and refrained from habitual training for 11 d while taking part in this double-blind randomized, crossover trial. The two intervention phases, which consisted of brief intensified training (4 × 4-min cycling intervals at 70% of peak power output on 3 consecutive days) combined with the ingestion of LA or CP supplements after exercise (20 g) and before sleep (40 g), were separated by 4 d of washout without protein supplementation (i.e., the control phase). In response to each phase, myofibrillar (MyoPS), sarcoplasmic protein synthesis (SarcPS) rates (via 2H2O ingestion) and parameters of sleep quality were measured.

Results
LA ingestion increased plasma leucine (P < 0.001) and tryptophan concentrations (P < 0.001) relative to CP. Intensified training increased MyoPS and SarcPS above the washout phase in LA- and CP-supplemented phases (P < 0.01), with increases being 13% ± 5% and 5% ± 7% greater with LA than CP for MyoPS (P < 0.01) and SarcPS, respectively (P < 0.01).

Conclusions
Despite an isonitrogenous diet, protein synthesis was enhanced to a greater extent when trained participants consumed LA compared with CP during intensified aerobic training, suggesting that protein quality is an important consideration for endurance-trained athletes aiming to augment adaption to exercise training.
Optimal Taxation with Behavioral Agents
Authors: Farhi Emmanuel , Gabaix Xavier 
Published: December 2019

This paper develops a theory of optimal taxation with behavioral agents. We use a general framework that encompasses a wide range of biases such as misperceptions and internalities. We revisit the three pillars of optimal taxation: Ramsey (linear commodity taxation to raise revenues and redistribute), Pigou (linear commodity taxation to correct externalities), and Mirrlees (nonlinear income taxation). We show how the canonical optimal tax formulas are modified and lead to novel economic insights. We also show how to incorporate nudges in the optimal taxation framework, and jointly characterize optimal taxes and nudges. (JEL D62, D91, H21)
Using synthetic datasets to bridge the gap between the promise and reality of basing health-related decisions on common single nucleotide polymorphisms
Authors: Wood Thomas R. , Owens Nathan 
Published: December 2019

Background: While the academic genetic literature has clearly shown that common genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and even large polygenic SNP risk scores, cannot reliably be used to determine risk of disease or to personalize interventions, a significant industry of companies providing SNP-based recommendations still exists. Healthcare practitioners must therefore be able to navigate between the promise and reality of these tools, including being able to interpret the literature that is associated with a given risk or suggested intervention. One significant hurdle to this process is the fact that most population studies of common SNPs only provide average (+/- error) phenotypic or risk descriptions for a given genotype, which hides the true heterogeneity of the population and reduces the ability of an individual to determine how they themselves or their patients might truly be affected. Methods: We generated synthetic datasets generated from descriptive phenotypic data published on common SNPs associated with obesity, elevated fasting blood glucose, and methylation status. Using simple statistical theory and full graphical representation of the generated data, we developed a method by which anybody can better understand phenotypic heterogeneity in a population, as well as the degree to which common SNPs truly drive disease risk. Results: Individual risk SNPs had a <10% likelihood of effecting the associated phenotype (bodyweight, fasting glucose, or homocysteine levels). Example polygenic risk scores including the SNPs most associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes only explained 2% and 5% of the final phenotype, respectively. Conclusions: The data suggest that most disease risk is dominated by the effect of the modern environment, providing further evidence to support the pursuit of lifestyle-based interventions that are likely to be beneficial regardless of genetics.
The impact of a patient’s engagement in their health on the magnitude of limitations and experience following upper limb fractures
Authors: Jayakumar Prakash , Teunis Teun , Vranceanu Ana Maria , Williams Mark , Lamb Sarah , Ring David , Gwilym Stephen 
Published: December 2019

Aims Patient engagement in adaptive health behaviours and interactions with their healthcare ecosystem can be measured using self-reported instruments, such as the Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13) and the Effective Consumer Scale (ECS-17). Few studies have investigated the influence of patient engagement on limitations (patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs)) and patient-reported experience measures (PREMs). First, we assessed whether patient engagement (PAM-13, ECS-17) within two to four weeks of an upper limb fracture was associated with limitations (the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (QuickDASH), and Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Upper Extremity Physical Function computer adaptive test (PROMIS UE PF) scores) measured six to nine months after fracture, accounting for demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors. Secondly, we assessed the association between patient engagement and experience (numerical rating scale for satisfaction with care (NRS-C) and satisfaction with services (NRS-S) six to nine months after fracture. Methods A total of 744 adults with an isolated fracture of the proximal humerus, elbow, or distal radius completed PROMs. Due to multicollinearity of patient engagement and psychosocial variables, we generated a single variable combining measures of engagement and psychosocial factors using factor analysis. We then performed multivariable analysis with p < 0.10 on bivariate analysis. Results Patient engagement and psychosocial factors combined to form a single factor (factor 1) accounting for 20% (QuickDASH, semi-partial R2 = 0.20) and 14% (PROMIS UE PF, semi-partial R2 = 0.14) of the variation in limitations six to nine months after fracture. Factor 1 also accounted for 17% (NRS-C, semi-partial R2 = 0.17) of variation in satisfaction with care, and 21% (NRS-S, semi-partial R2 = 0.21) of variation in satisfaction with services. Demographic factors (age, sex, work status) and measures of greater pathophysiology (type of fracture, high-energy injury, post-surgical complications), accounted for much less variation. Conclusion Patients who actively manage their health and demonstrate effective emotional and social functioning share a common underlying trait. They have fewer limitations and greater satisfaction with care during recovery from upper limb fractures. Future efforts should focus on evaluating initiatives that optimize patient engagement, such as patient education, coaching, and a communication strategy for healthcare professionals. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(1):42–47
Polyethylene manufacturing characteristics have a major effect on the risk of revision surgery in cementless and hybrid total hip arthroplasties
Authors: Davis Edward T. , Pagkalos Joseph , Kopjar Branko 
Published: December 2019

Aims The aim of this study was to identify the effect of the manufacturing characteristics of polyethylene acetabular liners on the survival of cementless and hybrid total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods Prospective cohort study using linked National Joint Registry (NJR) and manufacturer data. The primary endpoint was revision for aseptic loosening. Cox proportional hazard regression was the primary analytical approach. Manufacturing variables included resin type, crosslinking radiation dose, terminal sterilization method, terminal sterilization radiation dose, stabilization treatment, total radiation dose, packaging, and face asymmetry. Total radiation dose was further divided into G1 (no radiation), G2 (> 0 Mrad to < 5 Mrad), G3 (≥ 5 Mrad to < 10 Mrad), and G4 (≥ 10 Mrad). Results A total of 5,329 THAs were revised, 1,290 of which were due to aseptic loosening. Total radiation dose, face asymmetry, and stabilization treatments were found to significantly affect implant survival. G1 had the highest revision risk for any reason and for aseptic loosening and G3 and G4 the lowest. Compared with G1, the adjusted hazard ratio for G2 was 0.74 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64 to 0.86), G3 was 0.36 (95% CI 0.30 to 0.43), and G4 was 0.38 (95% CI 0.31 to 0.47). The cumulative incidence of revision for aseptic loosening at 12 years was 0.52 and 0.54 per 100 THAs for G3 and G4, respectively, compared with 1.95 per 100 THAs in G1. Asymmetrical liners had a lower revision risk due to aseptic loosening and reasons other than aseptic loosening compared with symmetric (flat) liners. In G3 and G4, stabilization with vitamin E and heating above melting point performed best. Conclusion Polyethylene liners with a total radiation dose of ≥ 5 Mrad, an asymmetrical liner face, and stabilization with heating above the melting point demonstrate best survival. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(1):90–101
Morphometric Variability among Populations of Euglossa cordata (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini) from Different Phytophysiognomies
Authors: Carneiro Lazaro , Aguiar Cândida Maria Lima , Aguiar Willian Moura , Aniceto Elon Souza , Nunes Lorena Andrade , Ferreira Vinina Silva 
Published: December 2019

Geometric morphometrics is a tool capable of measuring the response of organisms to different environmental pressures. We tested the hypothesis that E. cordata wing morphometry, as an indicator of response to environmental pressure, it would vary depending on habitat changes, in the Atlantic Forest, Savanna and dry forest (Caatinga). For analysis of wing shape and size, 18 landmarks were digitized at the intersections of the wing veins 348 individuals. Except for the two populations sampled in Chapada Diamantina, the wing shape had significant statistical variations among the populations (p < 0.05). The wing size variation was also statistically significant among populations (p < 0.05). Although E. cordata is a species tolerant to different environments, the observed morphometric variability may be related to population adaptations to the conditions of each phytophysiognomy.
Book Reviews
Authors: Shivaprakash H. S. , Tripathy Manorama , Sreenivasamurthy J. , Devadevan Manu V. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Kannada Theatre History 1850–1950: A Sourcebook, K. V. Akshara (ed.), B. R. Venkataramana Aithala and Deepa Ganesh (2018)
Manipal: Manipal University Press, 288 pp.,
ISBN 978-93-82460-84-8, p/bk, Rs. 250

Theatre of the Earth – The Works of Heisnam Kanhailal: Essays and Interviews, Heisnam Kanhailal (2016)
Calcutta: Seagull Books, 235 pp.,
ISBN 978-8-17046-353-5, p/bk, Rs. 450

Shakespeare: Kannada Spandana (in Kannada), Nataraj Huliyar (ed.) (2016)
Bangalore: Kuvempu Bhasha Bharati Pradhikara, 330 pp.,
ISBN 555-1-23408-868-3, p/bk, Rs. 150

Chathirangam (in Malayalam), Ashok D’Cruz (ed.), C. K. Namboothiri (2018)
Tirur: Thunchath Ezhuthachan Malayalam University, 256 pp.,
ISBN 978-8-19374-580-9, h/bk, Rs. 250
Levantamento da percepção dos usuários sobre a operacionalidade do Sistema de Avaliação de Desempenho do Servidor - SADS/UFCA, de 2019 / Survey of users' Perception about the Operability of the server Performance Evaluation System - SADS / UFCA, 2019
Authors: Souza Francisca Cristiane Gomes de , Feitosa Lílian Cavalcante , Duarte Sabrina Rodrigues , Brito Kátia Daniele Dutra , Soares Maria Alinele Lucena , Melo Sabrina Sueli Lucena , Oliveira Gislene Farias de 
Published: December 2019

A Avaliação de Desempenho é um instrumento de acompanhamento contínuo do desempenho do servidor no cargo ou função e, do seu potencial de desenvolvimento. A partir de 2019, os servidores da Universidade Federal do Cariri realizaram a Avaliação de Desempenho no Sistema de Avaliação de Desempenho do Servidor (SADS/UFCA). O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a funcionalidade do sistema (SADS) para a efetivação do Ciclo de Avaliação de Desempenho dos servidores técnicos-administrativos estáveis e docentes gestores CD2, CD3 e CD4, de forma a poder-se verificar eventuais aspectos a serem aperfeiçoados. Tratou-se de um estudo de campo de natureza exploratória, quantitativo e qualitativo. O instrumento utilizado foi um questionário com questões abertas e fechadas, disponibilizadas no Google Forms. Dos 282 servidores aptos, participaram 280 (99,3%). Os resultados demonstraram que 32% dos respondentes participaram de 5 ou mais Ciclos Avaliativos. O processo foi percebido com clareza e objetividadade em sua divulgação por 92%. O meio de maior propagação mais utilizado foi email institucional (74%). Houve facilidade no acesso do sistema (93%), ao formulário (95,8%) e ao resultado (82%). Todos os indicadores de desempenho foram compreendidos a contento (100%). A chefia incentivou em 66% dos casos. No geral, constatou-se um resultado de 92% de satisfação. Os resultados levaram a crer que houveram aspectos que, na percepção dos servidores, podem ser aperfeiçoados e que no futuro possibilitarão uma avaliação mais adequada a realidade de tais servidores.
O Papel do Enfermeiro no Enfrentamento da Andropausa / The Role of the Nurse in Coping with Andropause
Authors: Santos Antônio Vieira , Spurio Jesiane Fernandes , Laureth Maria De Fátima , Rampazzo Tamires Cristina , Melo Flavia Alves de Oliveira , Nonnenmacher Lucielle Lirio 
Published: December 2019

Resumo: A ascensão da qualidade, e aumento da expectativa de vida estão ligados diretamente com identificação de novas injúrias e modelos de tratamento. A saúde masculina é um assunto abrangente que nas últimas décadas vem ganhando espaço para uma nova forma de compreensão. Doenças como a andropausa, causadas pelo envelhecimento masculino se iniciam em homens entre 35 e 40 anos, em que ocorre uma diminuição nas taxas de hormônio masculino, causando desconforto social diminuição de atividades sexuais entre outras. Atualmente com um corpo clínico mais robusto, profissionais da saúde podem orientar pacientes e diagnosticar a andropausa de formas mais sutis, relacionando alguns fatores históricos e de vivência, para isso é importante conhecer o papel do enfermeiro diante desse tipo de doença. Este trabalho objetivou investigar o transtorno causado pela patologia à saúde do homem, descrevendo o papel do enfermeiro na prevenção e promoção da saúde do homem principalmente na andropausa. Os métodos utilizados foram: pesquisas relacionadas a saúde do homem, por meio de bases de pesquisas Scielo, google scholar, web of science, livros e informativos, buscou relacionar fatores de envelhecimento humano com o decréscimo do hormônio masculino. Os resultados demostram a interferência no bem-estar do homem, afetando diretamente no convívio familiar, refletindo sobre a sociedade. Alguns autores apontam que existem várias maneiras de tratamento, algumas com altos índices de toxicidade, outras já bem conhecidas. O enfermeiro tem um papel fundamental nesse processo, orientando estimulando o tratamento, trazendo conforto em relação a doença. Palavras-chave: Envelhecimento Masculino, Saúde do Homem, Andropausa.
Chemical Protection Studies of Activated Carbon Spheres based Permeable Protective Clothing Against Sulfur Mustard, a Chemical Warfare Agent
Authors: Sathe Manisha , Sharma Pushpendra K. , Singh Virendra K. , Tripathi Nagesh K. , Verma Vijay , Sharma Shiv Prakash , Tomar L.N. S. , Chaturvedi Ajay , Yadav S. S. , Thakare Vikas B. , Acharya Jyotiranjan , Gupta Arvind Kumar , Ganesan K. 
Published: December 2019

Technological advancements in the field of chemical threat have made it possible to create extremely dangerous chemical warfare agents (CWA). Hence, the effective protection of personnel is very important in a chemical warfare scenario amidst the current climate of terrorism awareness. In particular, body protection plays a substantial role in the chemical defence considering the urgency of situation in the nuclear, biological and chemical environment. Activated carbon spheres (ACS) based permeable chemical protective clothing (coverall) was developed for protection against CWA. The adsorbent material i.e, ACS used in this protective clothing provided higher adsorption capacity (1029 mg/g in terms of iodine) and low thermal burden (34 °C WBGT index) compared to earlier indigenously developed NBC suit. This article focuses on the extensive evaluation of chemical protective clothing against sulfur mustard (HD), a CWA. The results revealed that the developed protective clothing provided more than 24 h protection against HD. This chemical protective suit is light weight (< 2.75 kg for XL size). It also has higher air permeability (> 30 cm3/s/cm2) as well as less water vapour resistance (< 9.6 m2Pa/W). With continued innovations in materials and attention to key challenges it is expected that advanced, multifunction chemical protective suit will play a pivotal role in the CWA protection scenario.
PRESCRIÇÕES DE ANTIMICROBIANOS EM UNIDADES BÁSICAS DE SAÚDE DE UM MUNICÍPIO DO SERIDÓ POTIGUAR, BRASIL
Authors: Coêlho da Silva Júnior Fábio , Mariz Batista Almária 
Published: December 2019

Antimicrobianos estão entre os medicamentos mais utilizados na atenção primária. Contudo, as prescrições ocorrem de forma não adequada, pondo em risco a segurança do paciente, podendo gerar impactos clínico e econômico. No presente estudo foram avaliadas prescrições de antimicrobianos de todas as unidades básicas de saúde de Caicó, RN, Brasil. Trata-se de estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, exploratório com abordagem quantitativa. Foram analisadas 1046 prescrições de antimicrobianos elaboradas durante o ano de 2016 e arquivadas nas Farmácias das unidades básicas de saúde. Todas as prescrições 1046 (100%) estavam não conformes com a legislação. Os itens não conformes mais frequentes foram: ausência de carimbo e assinatura do farmacêutico atestando dispensação (100%), seguido de sexo (96,5%) e idade do usuário (96,5%), duração do tratamento (40,8%), via de administração (35,7%), informações que permitiam contatar o prescritor (20,1%) e concentração (17,0%). Os antimicrobianos mais prescritos foram penicilinas com espectro estendido 347 (31,5%), macrolídeos 218 (19,8%) e cefalosporinas de primeira geração 185 (16,8%). O estudo mostrou a necessidade de instituir medidas de sensibilização dos prescritores sobre a importância de uma prescrição clara e sem ausência de itens fundamentais para que se possa imprimir segurança no uso do medicamento.
ASPECTOS LEGAIS E QUALIDADE DE UM PRODUTO FITOTERÁPICO À BASE DE GRAVIOLA (ANNONA MURICATA LINN)
Authors: De Cabral Sobreira Ana Laura , Da Costa Danielly Albuquerque , Carmo Egberto Santos , Pereira de Souza Júlia Beatriz 
Published: December 2019

O uso das plantas como fonte medicinal tem grande relevância socioeconômica na qualidade de vida das comunidades de baixa renda, devido sua alta disponibilidade, baixa toxicidade, risco mínimo de efeitos colaterais e, principalmente, aos baixos custos e/ou sem ônus, quando comparados aos medicamentos industrializados. Contudo, estes produtos estão susceptíveis a contaminação desde a coleta até manipulação. Portanto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os aspectos legais e a qualidade do produto à base de graviola, obtidos em diferentes farmácias do município de Cuité, PB, Brasil. Os aspectos legais foram avaliados utilizando as resoluções específicas da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa). A contagem de microrganismos viáveis foi realizada pelo método de contagem em placa em profundidade e a identificação dos patógenos, por semeadura das amostras em meios de cultura seletivos, seguida de confirmação por meio de provas bioquímicas. Foi realizada, ainda, a técnica de microcultivo e análise microscópica para identificação de fungos filamentosos. O produto apresentou não-conformidades do ponto de vista legal. Do ponto de vista microbiológico, as amostras estavam dentro dos limites aceitáveis pela Farmacopeia Brasileira para fungos e bactérias, sendo identificados fungos do gênero Cladosporium spp., e Fonsecae pedrosoi. Assim, há necessidade de uma maior e mais eficiente fiscalização para este tipo de produto, para uma maior garantia de segurança ao paciente.
Conservative surgical management for immediate postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Puangsricharoen Pimpitcha , Manchana Tarinee 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Conservative surgical management for postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), such as balloon tamponade, uterine compression suture, and uterine artery ligation, has the benefit of preserving reproductive function.

Objectives
To assess the efficacy and subsequent pregnancy outcome of conservative surgical management for patients with immediate PPH.

Methods
Medical records of patients who had PPH between January 2011 and December 2016 were reviewed. Conservative surgical management included B-Lynch uterine compression suture, Bakri balloon tamponade, and uterine artery ligation. The treatments were considered successful if patients did not require subsequent hysterectomy. Perioperative complications and subsequent pregnancy outcomes were recorded.

Results
Of 30,271 deliveries, 669 patients experienced PPH or 2.2% of total deliveries. Sixty-one patients (9.1%) did not respond to medical treatment with various uterotonic agents. Hysterectomy was selected initially in 30 patients. Conservative surgical management was performed in 31 patients: 15 Bakri balloon tamponade, 13 uterine compression suture, and 3 uterine artery ligation. There were 3 patients who failed Bakri balloon tamponade and proceeded to perform uterine compression suture with successful outcome. The success rates for conservative surgical treatment were 66.7%, 75%, and 66.7%, respectively. All patients who had successful conservative surgical management resumed normal menstruation. Three out of 11 patients (27.3%) who desired subsequent pregnancy were able to conceive and carry out a viable pregnancy.

Conclusion
Conservative surgical management has acceptable success rates for controlling intractable immediate PPH. Implementation of such procedures should be done to preserve fertility and decrease maternal morbidity and mortality.
Understanding and Assessing the Implications of Co-Creation in the Banking Industry
Authors: Feldmann Anna , Teuteberg Frank 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the B2B (business-to-business) environment, increasing digitalisation and new technological possibilities also entail substantial changes for working methods in banking. In this context, the concept of co-creation and collaboration in teams comes to the fore. Many studies currently exist on teamwork, but none is directly related to co-creation activities. The present study aims to bridge the current knowledge gap by investigating teamwork in co-creation projects. By using of a case study and a quantitative questionnaire, the study makes two contributions: a) It uses the example of the GENOhackathon format to demonstrate how co-creation is already being used in the B2B environment, and b) it sheds light on perceived team reflexivity, and performance evaluation.