bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determining meaningful health‐related quality‐of‐life improvement in persons with haemophilia A using the Haemophilia Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adults (Haem‐A‐QoL)
Authors: von Mackensen Sylvia , Catalani Olivier , Asikanius Elina , Paz‐Priel Ido , Lehle Michaela , Trask Peter 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe Haem‐A‐QoL is frequently utilized in haemophilia clinical trials and captures relevant aspects of disease impact. Thresholds for some domains ‘Physical Health’ (PH), ‘Sports & Leisure’ (S&L) and ‘Total Score’ (TS) have previously been identified to benchmark the amount of change that is meaningful to patients, but not been independently confirmed.AimThe objective of this analysis was to determine the clinically important responder (CIR) thresholds for these three domains.MethodsCIR thresholds in adult persons with haemophilia A (PwHA) enrolled in HAVEN 1, 3 and 4 studies were determined for improvements from baseline to 24 weeks of emicizumab prophylaxis using anchor‐based methodology with the EQ‐5D‐5L as the validated anchor, cumulative distribution functions (CDF) and distribution‐based methodology. The results were compared with previously published thresholds.ResultsAt baseline and after 24 weeks of emicizumab prophylaxis, Haem‐A‐QoL data from 241/258 patients were available. Concordance was observed between the Haem‐A‐QoL and EQ‐5D‐5L in patterns of improvement, deterioration or lack of change. CDF estimates of the Haem‐A‐QoL PH and TS grouped by response categories on the Mobility, Pain/Discomfort and Usual Activities EQ‐5D‐5L domains demonstrated the same pattern of responses to each scale; distribution‐based estimates were 11.9 for PH, 13.9 for S&L, and 8.3 for TS.ConclusionOur responder thresholds are mostly consistent with those proposed by Wyrwich et al (cut‐offs of −10 and −7 for PH and TS, respectively). The majority of responders to emicizumab prophylaxis had improvements greater than the previously reported 10‐point reduction in PH and 7‐point reduction in TS.
Cardiovascular outcome and home blood pressure in relation to silent myocardial ischemia in a clinical population: The J‐HOP study
Authors: Shimizu Hayato , Hoshide Satoshi , Kanegae Hiroshi , Kario Kazuomi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSeveral guidelines recommend measuring home blood pressure (BP) and lowering blood pressure than ever before. But several studies reported that lowering diastolic blood pressure (DBP) increased the incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD). We analyzed 3605 individuals who underwent both home and office BP monitoring over 14 days and baseline Hs‐cTnT measurement and identified follow‐up data of the Japan Morning Surge‐Home Blood Pressure (J‐HOP) study who had a history of or risk factors for cardiovascular disease. During a mean follow‐up period of 6.4 years (23 173 person‐years), 114 coronary artery disease and 81 stroke events occurred. Elevated Hs‐cTnT (≥0.014 ng/mL) was observed in 298 patients (8.3%). In the group with non‐elevated Hs‐cTnT (<0.014 ng/mL, n = 3307), an adjusted Cox hazard model showed that home systolic BP (SBP) was associated with a risk of stroke incidence (hazard ratio [HR] per 1 SD, 1.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29‐2.03). This association was also observed in office SBP (HR per 1 SD, 1.43; 95%CI, 1.07‐1.91). There was no association between office or home BP and CAD events in the group with non‐elevated Hs‐cTnT. In the group with elevated Hs‐cTnT, an adjusted Cox hazard model showed that home DBP was associated with a risk of CAD incidence (HR per 1 SD, 0.54; 95%CI, 0.30‐0.99). However, this association was not observed in office DBP. In patients with elevated Hs‐cTnT, which is a marker of subclinical myocardial ischemia, excessive lowering of home DBP may be associated with a risk of incident CAD.
Mediation effect of the duration of diabetes mellitus on the decrease in bioimpedance phase angles in ethnically Korean people: A multicenter clinical study
Authors: Jun Min‐Ho , Ku Boncho , Kim Jihye , Kim Keun Ho , Kim Jaeuk U 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAims/IntroductionWe carried out a multicenter clinical study to investigate whether the decrease in segmental phase angles (PhA values) observed using bioelectrical impedance is useful in screening for diabetes mellitus and monitoring disease progression.Materials and MethodsThe segmental PhA values of the four limbs were acquired using multifrequency bioimpedance at 5, 50 and 250 kHz in three clinics. Differences in PhA values between the diabetes and control groups were analyzed using the two‐sample t‐test and analysis of variance (anova). Changes in PhA values with increasing durations of diabetes were analyzed using a moderated mediation model and multivariate linear regression analysis. We recruited 217 participants aged ≥40 years (diabetes 158, controls 59, men 106, women 111, A‐clinic 71, B‐clinic 70 and C‐clinic 76).ResultsPhA values at 50 kHz were significantly decreased in people with diabetes (PhA of the right arm in men: t‐value −4.0, P < 0.001; PhA of the right leg in women: t‐value −4.6 P < 0.001), and the difference was partially attributable to the duration of diabetes, as well as aging. Specifically, the mediation effect of the duration of diabetes on the decrease in PhA values was 29.8% in the left arm of men, 53.3% in the right arm of women, and 36.3% in the left arm of both sexes.ConclusionsPhase angle values at 50 kHz decreased in people with diabetes, and the changes were exacerbated as the disease duration increased. Thus, bioimpedance PhA values represent a non‐invasive tool for monitoring the progression of diabetes mellitus.
The effects of environmental factors on the prevalence and diversity of bacteriophages lytic against the top six non‐O157 Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli on an organic farm
Authors: Liao Yen‐Te , Lavenburg Valerie M. , Lennon Marion , Salvador Alexandra , Hsu Angeline L. , Wu Vivian C. H. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBacteriophages (or phages) specific to Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains are frequently isolated from animal‐associated environments primarily because ruminant animals are the natural reservoir of STEC. However, little is known about these phages in produce‐growing environments. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of environmental factors on the prevalence of the phages lytic against O157 and the top six non‐O157 STEC on an organic farm. A total of 370 samples were collected from an organic farm, containing animal‐active and produce‐growing areas, for 1 year. A bacterial cocktail, including nonpathogenic and pathogenic E. coli strains, was used for phage isolation. Meanwhile, culture methods and PCR were used to isolate STEC strains. Weather information was also collected for each sampling trip. Twenty‐eight samples contained phages lytic against STEC (or STEC‐infecting phages), of which 26 were collected from the animal‐active area. Moreover, the winter season had a higher phage prevalence than other seasons, likely due to high rain precipitation. The phages belonging to the Myoviridae family and those lytic against STEC O103 were the most prevalent. One E. coli O103:H2 was isolated from a water sample where no STEC O103‐infecting phages were found. Additionally, no STEC O103 was present in the samples containing STEC O103‐infecting phages. The findings indicate that animal is the primary factor contributing to the prevalence of the STEC‐infecting phages in the surrounding environment of the organic farm, and the presence of these phages contributes to a negative correlation with their STEC hosts.
Effect of prucalopride on sildenafil‐induced inhibition of esophageal peristalsis in healthy adults
Authors: Wong Ming‐Wun , Liu Tso‐Tsai , Yi Chih‐Hsun , Hung Jui‐Sheng , Lei Wei‐Yi , Liang Shu‐Wei , Orr William C , Chen Chien‐Lin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground and AimPrucalopride, a high‐affinity 5‐hydroxytryptamine 4 receptor agonist, promotes esophageal peristalsis, while phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor sildenafil inhibits esophageal peristalsis. The present study was aimed to evaluate whether prucalopride would augment esophageal peristalsis subsequent to the application of sildenafil.MethodsSeventeen healthy adults underwent high‐resolution manometry by a catheter with one injection port located in the mid‐esophagus. Secondary peristalsis was assessed by rapid air injections after water swallows. Two sessions were randomly performed including acute administration of sildenafil 50 mg after pretreatment with prucalopride or the placebo.ResultsThe frequency of primary peristalsis subsequent to the administration of sildenafil was significantly increased by prucalopride (P = 0.02). Prucalopride also significantly increased distal contractile integral of primary peristalsis subsequent to the administration of sildenafil (P = 0.03). No difference in the frequency of secondary peristalsis subsequent to the administration of sildenafil for air injects of 10 mL (P = 0.14) or 20 mL (P = 0.21) was found between prucalopride and placebo. Prucalopride did not change distal contractile integral of secondary peristalsis subsequent to the administration of sildenafil for air injections of 10 mL (P = 0.09) or 20 mL (P = 0.12).ConclusionsPrucalopride modulates sildenafil‐induced inhibition of primary peristalsis by increasing its effectiveness and peristaltic wave amplitude. Our findings suggest that activation of 5‐hydroxytryptamine 4 receptors plays a role in mediating sildenafil‐induced inhibition of esophageal primary peristalsis rather than secondary peristalsis.
Shamanic Tourism in the Peruvian Lowlands: Critical and Ethical Considerations
Authors: Fotiou Evgenia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article examines the phenomenon of shamanic tourism, which began in Amazonia in the 1980s. The author has researched the phenomenon since the early 2000s—while it was still at its infancy—in Iquitos, Peru, which is today considered the mecca of shamanic tourism. Contemporary Amazonian shamanism emerged as a response to the violent and disruptive process of the rubber boom; however, in the context of tourism, it is viewed as the healing force for bodily and mental ailments that stem from what is perceived as the West's spiritual impoverishment. The article reviews the phenomenon of shamanic tourism and the challenges it presents in the 21st century, situating it within larger scholarly conversations on ethnic tourism and cultural appropriation. Finally, potential avenues for future research are presented.
Nursing Journal Policies on Disclosure and Management of Conflicts of Interest
Authors: Barnsteiner Jane , (Shawn) Kennedy Maureen , Flanagin Annette , Sietmann Caroline 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPurposeConcerns about conflicts of interest (COIs) in research and health care are well known, but recent reports of authors failing to disclose potential COIs in journal articles threatens the integrity of the scholarly literature. While many nursing journals have published editorials on this topic, review of nursing journal policies on and experiences with COIs has not been reported. The purposes of this study were to examine the extent to which nursing journals have COI policies and require disclosures by authors, peer reviewers, editorial board members, and editors who have a role in journal content decisions.DesignThis cohort study addressed top‐ranked nursing journal policies about and experiences with COIs in scholarly publications.MethodsAn analysis of COI policies in the instructions for authors of 118 journals listed in the nursing category of Clarivate Analytics Journal Citation Reports was completed in 2019. An electronic survey of the editors was also conducted to determine their awareness and experience with COI policies for their journals. Characteristics of the journals and policies were assessed. Information on polices about COIs for editors and peer reviewers were also reviewed. A content analysis of the policies included assessment of best practices and gaps in requirements.FindingsFor the journal policy assessment, 116 journals that publish only in the English language were eligible. The majority (n = 113; 97.4%) of journals had a statement on COI policies for authors, but only 42 (36.2%) had statements for peer reviewers and only 37 (31.9%) had statements for editors. A total of 117 journal editors were sent the survey. One declined to participate, leaving a total of 116 eligible editors; 82 (70.6%) responded and 34 did not respond. Sixty‐seven (81.7%) of the 82 editors indicated that their journal had a policy about COIs for authors. Seventy‐four editors (63.7%) responded to the question about their journal having a policy about COIs for peer reviewers and editors. Thirty‐three (44.5%) of the respondents indicated their journal had a COI policy for peer reviewers, and 29 (39.1%) stated they had a policy for editors. Few editors (n = 7; 9%) indicated that they had encountered problems pertaining to author COIs.ConclusionsFindings from this study may help promote ethical publication practices through comprehensive policies on disclosure and management of nursing journal authors, peer reviewers, and editors.Clinical RelevanceDeclarations of potential conflicts of interest promote transparency and allows the consumer of research to take that into consideration when considering the findings of a study.
Retinal ganglion cell topography and spatial resolution in the Japanese smelt Hypomesus nipponensis (McAllister, 1963)
Authors: Pushchin Igor , Kondrashev Sergei , Kamenev Yaroslav 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVision plays a crucial role in the life of the vast majority of vertebrate species. The spatial arrangement of retinal ganglion cells has been reported to be related to a species’ visual behavior. There are many studies focusing on the ganglion cell topography in bony fish species. However, there are still large gaps in our knowledge on the subject. We studied the topography of retinal ganglion cells (GCs) in the Japanese smelt Hypomesus nipponensis, a highly visual teleostean fish with a complex life cycle. DAPI labeling was used to visualize cell nuclei in the ganglion cell and inner plexiform layers. The ganglion cell layer was relatively thin (about 6‐8 μm), even in areas of increased cell density (area retinae temporalis), and was normally composed of a single layer of cells. In all retinal regions, rare cells occurred in the inner plexiform layer. Nissl‐stained retinae were used to estimate the proportion of displaced amacrine cells and glia in different retinal regions. In all retinal regions, about 84.5% of cells in the GC layer were found to be ganglion cells. The density of GCs varied across the retina in a regular way. It was minimum (3990 and 2380 cells/mm2 in the smaller and larger fish, respectively) in the dorsal and ventral periphery. It gradually increased centripetally and reached a maximum of 14,275 and 10,960 cells/mm2 (in the smaller and larger fish, respectively) in the temporal retina, where a pronounced area retinae temporalis was detected. The total number of GCs varied from 177 × 103 (smaller fish) to 212 × 103 cells (larger fish). The theoretical anatomical spatial resolution (the anatomical estimate of the upper limit of visual acuity calculated from the density of GCs and eye geometry and expressed in cycles per degree) was minimum in the ventral periphery (smaller fish, 1.46 cpd; larger fish, 1.26 cpd) and maximum in area retinae temporalis (smaller fish, 2.83 cpd; larger fish, 2.75 cpd). The relatively high density of GCs and the presence of area retinae temporalis in the Japanese smelt are consistent with its highly visual behavior. The present findings contribute to our understanding of the factors affecting the topography of retinal ganglion cells and visual acuity in fish.
Invasive mole with lung metastasis after an abdominal complete hydatidiform mole treatment
Authors: Suzuki Shiho , Takahashi Kenta , Obayashi Satoshi , Kitazawa Masafumi , Kuroda Hajime , Fukasawa Ichio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA 27‐year‐old woman, gravida 1, para 0, was transferred to our hospital with acute abdominal pain. Her serum human chorionic gonadotropin level was 60 231 mIU/mL. Transabdominal ultrasound revealed an echo‐free space, and emergency laparoscopy‐assisted surgery was performed with a preoperative diagnosis of ruptured ectopic pregnancy. The pelvic cavity was filled with clots, and the peritoneal surface of the uterine fundus was swollen and showed continuous bleeding. The lesion was located on peritoneum and not connected with the uterine cavity. Histological examination of the conceptus showed features of a complete hydatidiform mole. After a mild decrease, hCG levels adversely increased 3 weeks later with multiple lung nodules. With a diagnosis of invasive moles, the patient was administered chemotherapy. This case demonstrates that it is important to recognize the potential of ectopic hydatidiform moles through abdominal pregnancy. This is the first report of an invasive abdominal hydatidiform mole, and hCG monitoring seemed to be essential for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia detection.
Loudness and Intelligibility of Irrelevant Background Speech Differentially Hinder Children's Short Story Reading
Authors: Guerra Giada , Tijms Jurgen , Vaessen Anniek , Tierney Adam , Dick Frederic , Bonte Milene 
Published: October 2020

Reading skills are usually assessed in silent conditions, but children often experience noisy educational settings. Effects of auditory distraction on children's reading skills remain relatively unexplored. The present study investigates the influence of two features of background speech—intelligibility and loudness—on children's reading speed and comprehension. Sixty‐three 8‐to‐10‐year‐old elementary school children performed a reading task in the context of single‐talker background speech. Background speech was either intelligible or unintelligible and presented at low (45–50 dB SPL) or moderate (65–72 dB SPL) sound intensity (here termed “loudness”). Results showed a differential effect of intelligibility and loudness, respectively affecting children's comprehension and reading speed. In addition, the intelligibility effect was larger in children with lower interference control, as assessed with an auditory Stroop task. Our findings provide evidence for the influence of different properties of background speech on children's text reading with implications for reading in everyday classroom environments.Lay SummaryChildren often read in noisy environments, but we know little about how background chatter might affect their reading. Here, we found that 8–10‐year‐old children read stories more slowly with louder background speech. The children also understood less about a story if the background voice was speaking in their own language—especially those who, in a different task, were less able to ignore irrelevant but attention‐grabbing information. This suggests background speech differentially affects beginning readers.
Environmental DNA effectively captures functional diversity of coastal fish communities
Authors: Aglieri Giorgio , Baillie Charles , Mariani Stefano , Cattano Carlo , Calò Antonio , Turco Gabriele , Spatafora Davide , Di Franco Antonio , Di Lorenzo Manfredi , Guidetti Paolo , Milazzo Marco 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRobust assessments of taxonomic and functional diversity are essential components of research programmes aimed at understanding current biodiversity patterns and forecasting trajectories of ecological changes. Yet, evaluating marine biodiversity along its dimensions is challenging and dependent on the power and accuracy of the available data collection methods. Here we combine three traditional survey methodologies (underwater visual census strip transects [UVCt], baited underwater videos [BUV] and small‐scale fishery catches [SSFc]), and one novel molecular technique (environmental DNA metabarcoding [eDNA]—12S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 [COI]) to investigate their efficiency and complementarity in assessing fish diversity. We analysed 1,716 multimethod replicates at a basin scale to measure the taxonomic and functional diversity of Mediterranean fish assemblages. Taxonomic identities were investigated at species, genus and family levels. Functional identities were assessed using combinations of morphological, behavioural and trophic traits. We show that: (a) SSFc provided the higher taxonomic diversity estimates followed by eDNA, and then UVCt and BUV; (b) eDNA was the only method able to gather the whole spectrum of considered functional traits, showing the most functionally diversified and least redundant fish assemblages; and (c) the effectiveness of eDNA in describing functional structure reflected its lack of selectivity towards any considered functional trait. Our findings suggest that the reach of eDNA analysis stretches beyond taxon detection efficiency and provides new insights into the potential of metabarcoding in ecological studies.
SUMOylation of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 3 promotes photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Bernula Péter , Pettkó‐Szandtner Aladár , Hajdu Anita , Kozma‐Bognár László , Josse Eve‐Marie , Ádám Éva , Nagy Ferenc , Viczián András 
Published: October 2020

Summary

In Arabidopsis thaliana, phytochrome B (phyB) is the dominant receptor of photomorphogenic development under red light. Phytochrome B interacts with a set of downstream regulatory proteins, including PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 3 (PIF3). The interaction between PIF3 and photoactivated phyB leads to the rapid phosphorylation and degradation of PIF3 and also to the degradation of phyB, events which are required for proper photomorphogenesis.

Here we report that PIF3 is SUMOylated at the Lys13 (K13) residue and that we could detect this posttranslational modification in a heterologous experimental system and also in planta.

We also found that the SUMO acceptor site mutant PIF3(K13R) binds more strongly to the target promoters than its SUMOylated, wild‐type counterpart. Seedlings expressing PIF3(K13R) show an elongated hypocotyl response, elevated photoprotection and higher transcriptional induction of red‐light responsive genes compared with plantlets expressing wild‐type PIF3.

These observations are supported by the lower level of phyB in plants which possess only PIF3(K13R), indicating that SUMOylation of PIF3 also alters photomorphogenesis via the regulation of phyB levels. In conclusion, whereas SUMOylation is generally connected to different stress responses, it also fine‐tunes light signalling by reducing the biological activity of PIF3, thus promoting photomorphogenesis.