bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corpora amylaceaact as containers that remove waste products from the brain
Authors: Riba Marta , Augé Elisabet , Campo-Sabariz Joan , Moral-Anter David , Molina-Porcel Laura , Ximelis Teresa , Ferrer Ruth , Martín-Venegas Raquel , Pelegrí Carme , Vilaplana Jordi 
Published: December 2019

SignificanceAging and neurodegenerative processes induce the formation of waste substances in the brain. Some of these substances accumulate incorpora amylacea(CA). We reveal that CA are released from the brain into the cerebrospinal fluid and are present in the cervical lymph nodes, into which cerebrospinal fluid drains through the meningeal lymphatic system. We also show that CA can be phagocytosed by macrophages. We conclude that CA can act as waste containers and hypothesize that CA are involved in a mechanism that cleans the brain. We also postulate that CA may contain clinical markers of brain disorders and may also play significant roles in some brain autoimmune diseases. These last points merit further study due to their possible clinical implications.
Explicit teaching of segmentals versus suprasegmentals in developing speaking skills by interpreter trainees
Authors: Yenkimaleki Mahmood 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe present study investigates the effect of explicit teaching of segmentals and suprasegmentals in developing speaking skills for Farsi-English interpreter trainees. Three groups of student interpreters were formed. All were native speakers of Farsi who studied English translation and interpreting at the BA level at the University of Applied Sciences in Tehran, Iran. Participants were assigned to groups at random, but with equal division between genders (7 female and 7 male students in each group). No significant differences in English language skills (TOEFL scores) could be established between the groups prior to the experiment. Participants took a pretest of speaking skills before starting the program. The control group listened to authentic audio tracks in English and discussed their contents, watched authentic English movies, and discussed issues in the movies in pairs in the classroom. The first experimental group spent part of the time on theoretical explanation of, and practical exercises with, English suprasegmentals. The second experimental group spent part of the time on theoretical explanation of, and practical exercises with, English segmentals. The total instruction time was the same for all three groups, i.e. 12 hours. Students then took a posttest in speaking skills. The results show that the explicit teaching of suprasegmentals significantly improved the students’ speaking skills more than that of the other groups. These results have pedagogical implications for curriculum designers, interpreting programs for training future interpreters, material producers and all who are involved in language study and pedagogy.
La place de la Francophonie et de l’interprétation coréen-français en Corée du Sud
Authors: Choi Jungwha S. H. 
Published: December 2019

Résumé
Avec l’adhésion de la Corée du Sud à l’Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF) et l’organisation des
Jeux Olympiques d’hiver de 2018 à Pyeongchang, en Corée du Sud, la francophonie suscite un intérêt croissant. Une enquête a été
menée auprès d’interprètes de conférence exerçant avec un français actif afin d’évaluer la situation actuelle du marché de
l’interprétation coréen-français, ainsi que ses perspectives d’avenir. L’essor actuel de la demande survivra-t-il à l’effet Jeux
Olympiques ?
Response surface methodology: critical parameters on the production of mangrove wood biochar yield
Authors: Ghafar H , Zailani R , Yaakob Y , So’aib M S 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe infiltration of oxygen is unfavorable since it burned away the biomass. Other parameters were also contributed to the production of biochar. The experiments on mangrove wood were conducted using a fixed bed pyrolysis reactor with the temperature range of 300°C to 600°C, oxygen range from 0% to 10% and holding time from 2 hours to 4.4 hours. Response surface methodology (RSM) was implanted for process optimization. There were a significant effect of oxygen percentages and holding time on the production of biochar yield within the range of study. Results show that the optimum biochar yield of 15.2% when the pyrolysis temperature, oxygen percentage, and holding time were 402.5°C, 2.29% and 2 hours respectively. Confirmation experiment showed that 15.1% of biochar yield was obtained with the same pyrolysis parameters which validated the previous optimization.
A Study of Illumination Level at Public Transit Infrastructure in Butterworth, Penang.
Authors: Ainun Musir A , Rosli N F , Daim M S , Abdul Hamid M S , Dollah Z 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Illumination level is an important thing in our daily life. Therefore, it is necessary for the building or any infrastructure to achieve the minimum recommendations of illumination. This case study was focus on the evaluation of illumination level at public transit infrastructure which is Pengkalan Sultan Abdul Halim Ferry Terminal. The aim of this study is to evaluate either the illumination level in selected area is comply to the standard of Panduan Teknik JKR or not. Field measurement was conducted, and the reading of lux meter were recorded. The illumination level of the selected location is in good condition during the day. The walkways area achieved 100% of recommendation standard followed by waiting area is about 85%. Only ticket counter in satisfactory level with 86.20% and only 13.80% achieved the minimum requirement. Only walkways achieved 65.4% of satisfactorily standard and 34.6% in bad condition for the night situations. The bad condition of illumination at ticket counter and waiting area during the night. The 100% of the area are in bad condition which is dangerous to the users. From the results, it is suggested to do routine maintenance to improve the illumination level and achieve the minimum requirement of standard.
Overview of integrated PVA-membrane with Zn-cyclen for CO2 separation
Authors: Husain S , Hamzah F 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a greenhouse gas that produces from the combustion of fossil fuel. The consumption of fossil fuel in industrial activity has increased the concentration of CO2 emitted in the atmosphere. When the concentration of CO2 increases, the more heat are released. Thus, creating the global warming issue and climate change to the world. This climate change and global warming issue have attract the attention of worldwide. There are lot of carbon capture techniques proposed to overcome these problems. However, most of it are costly, and need a long dissociation and CO2 separation process. Therefore, innovative technique and process optimization are needed in order to improve the process efficiency of this technology. The most common techniques used in this technology are cryogenic, biological technique, and membrane technique. Membrane technique with a biological approach has promising high CO2 separation performance. This mimic enzyme based membrane has several advantages such as low cost, simple production procedure and high CO2 separation performance. From the review, the use of PVA membrane integrated with mimic enzyme could be work together towards the improvement of carbon capture technology. This review provides the information and potential of an alternative approach of carbon capture technology to reduce the amount of CO2 emitted from the fossil fuel industry.
Study on the viability of egg shell as a lost circulation material in synthetic based drilling fluid
Authors: Nik Ab Lah N K I , Ngah K , Sauki A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Lost circulation is one of the most severe issues in drilling operation which can cause fracture formation or be induced during drilling activities. These scenarios make it imperative to design the drilling fluid in a minimal invasion of the fluid that occur in the formation along with assist in strengthening the wellbore condition. To solve this problem, Lost Circulation Materials (LCM) are required which is expected to bridge and seal the fractures. As the contemporary worldwide development towards environment friendly, technical ability and cost-effectiveness, hence the viability of Egg Shells as LCM are being investigated since the daily disposal waste is rich in Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) compound. In addition, the effect of egg shell particle size distribution on the drilling fluid performance was also study. The performance of egg shells was compared with the industry standard-sized CaCO3 in term of its rheology properties, fluid loss, fluid invasion, and lubrication ability. The rheology properties result shows a stable reading while for High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) filter press test, the drilling fluids performance showed the same mud cake thickness of 1/32 but slightly different in fluid loss. The drilling fluids also has a minimal invasion on Sand Bed Test (SBT) with lubrications coefficient of 0.0753. From this study, it is found that egg shells can function effectively as LCM additives, the same as the standard CaCO3 used in the industry.
Governing characteristics of heat transfer in separated channel flows
Authors: Davletshin I A , Mikheev N I , Shakirov R R , Paereliy A A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Heat transfer in the separation region behind a rib has been studied experimentally in different regimes of air flow. Heat transfer characteristics have been considered in a wide range of geometrical dimensions of the rib and the channel. Distributions of heat transfer coefficients have been obtained. They were employed for estimation of the position and values of maximum heat transfer coefficients in the separation region. The data were analyzed in order to obtain an empirical equation.
DNS of starting turbulent jets with variable density
Authors: Ivashchenko V A , Mullyadzhanov R I 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We study starting turbulent round jets with variable density using Direct numerical simulations (DNS). A fully developed turbulent air flow at constant Reynolds number Re = 5300 is injected to space, filled with air, carbon dioxide or helium with a small co-flow, with variable density being due to the mixing of different gases. We compare the celerity factor, centreline velocity and dynamics of the vortex dipole in front of the jet between all the considered cases.
Dynamic and thermal interference effects on two neighbouring building models
Authors: Korobkov S V , Terekhov V I , Koshin A A , Gnyrya A I , Mikhailov D A 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe paper considers the dynamic and thermal interference effects on two neighbouring building models in the form of square prisms arranged at a short distance from each other. It is shown how relative positions of the models affect the specific phenomena caused by the airflow interactions.
Flow at the interface of two rotating fluids
Authors: Naumov I V , Sharifullin B R , Shtern V N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Recent studies discovered a discontinuity of the radial velocity (slip) at the interface of two immiscible rotating fluids. This work investigates how this phenomenon depends on densities and viscosities of fluids. A sealed vertical cylindrical container models a bioreactor. The rotating lid drives the flow while other container walls are stationary. As the rotation intensifies, the slip develops at the interface. A conjecture is that the slip occurs due to a difference in fluid densities and the centrifugal force. To test this conjecture, this experimental work uses fluids of close densities and reveals that the slip does not disappear even if the density difference is small, compared with that in prior studies. For comparison, this study also explores the case where the densities significantly differ while the fluid viscosities are close. The slip occurs in this flow as well. A new conjecture is that competing effects of the upper-fluid rotation and convergence near the interface also can cause the slip. This study also shows that the slip is a robust phenomenon occurring in swirling flows of various fluids.
Transition to turbulence in confined flow over a cylinder with low aspect ratio
Authors: Palkin E , Mullyadzhanov R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We report on Large-eddy simulations (LES) of a flow around a cylinder in a narrow duct channel at the Reynolds number of 2 000, 3 000 based on the bulk velocity and diameter of the cylinder. We investigate a mechanism of the transition occurring from steady laminar flow at Re = 2 000 to turbulent flow at Re = 3 000 with attached recirculation zone and thin sinusoidal far wake.
Experimental investigation of the natural and controlled disturbance development in a supersonic boundary layer on the swept wing
Authors: Panina A V , Kosonov A D , Semenov N V , Yermolaev Yu G , Kolosov G L , Yatskikh A A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The results of investigation of the transverse flow inhomogeneity effect on the natural and controlled disturbance development in 3D supersonic boundary layer are considered. The transition curves were measured on a model of a smooth swept wing and on a swept wing with roughness elements of two configurations. The influence of periodic surface roughness on the growth of natural pulsations (without using a discharge) in the boundary layer is determined. In experiments with artificial disturbances it is found that the periodic modulation of mean flow can lead to stabilization of controlled disturbances in supersonic boundary layer on a swept wing. It was found out that the weak flow inhomogeneity can influence the effectiveness of the active/passive technology of supersonic boundary layer transition control, including the surface microroughness on a swept wing.
Stability of magnetohydrodynamic flow around a circular cylinder
Authors: Proskurin A V , Sagalakov A M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We consider the stability problem of the two-dimensional flow of an incompressible electroconducting viscous liquid near a circular cylinder in the presence of magnetic field. A Rvachev function method with the Chebyshev collocation is used for the stability analysis. We construct an approximate solution that satisfies all boundary conditions exactly. The results coincide well with the reference data without the magnetic field. The method is simpler than the widely used spectral/hp element method, in particular, because it does not require mesh generation, and the collocation algorithm does not handle the boundary conditions or any geometric information.
Study of aerodynamics of the jet spreading over cylindrical surface
Authors: Seydulla Zh K , Isataev M S , Toleuov G K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to study the fields of average values of velocity in a turbulent air jet propagating along a smooth cylindrical surface with an adjustable nozzle width being b, the curvature parameter SR and Re number on both convex and concave surfaces. To identify basic patterns of physical phenomena occurring in the boundary layer, it has been established that in universal coordinates, the wall velocity profiles have a universal nature in the region of a change in the curvature parameter 0 ⩽ SR
⩽ |±0.12|, and virtually coincide with the velocity profiles of a turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate in a uniform flow past, except for the velocity peak region. This is due to the fact that the longitudinal pressure gradient is 104 ÷ 105 times lower than transverse pressure gradient. According to our data, it has been established that the excess static pressure near the streamlined surface with a distance from the nozzle and an increase in jet thickness can reach up to 30–40% of the velocity head.
The influence of the shape and the orientation angle of the tabs on heat transfer in a separated region behind a backward-facing step
Authors: Terekhov V I , Dyachenko A Yu , Zhdanov V L , Smulsky Ya J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The influence of the shape, location and inclination angle of the tabs on heat transfer in the separation region behind the backward-facing step at the Reynolds number Re = 4000 has been investigated. The used tabs were rectangular and triangular in shape and had the same height of 6 mm. Their transverse spacing and the angle of attack varied. The presence of tabs approached the area of the maximum heat transfer to the step, and at that rectangular tabs were more effective due to the increase in the cross-sectional area. The smallest and the largest angles of attack reduced the maximum heat transfer, and the greatest heat transfer was observed for tabs installed either perpendicular to the flow or at angle 110°.
Oxidative steam conversion of light alkanes
Authors: Dimov S V , Gasenko O A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Oxidative steam reforming of C2-C4 alkanes was studied in an annular catalytic reactor under atmospheric pressure over two catalysts. Concentrations of the products of chemical reactions in the outlet gas mixture were measured at different temperatures of reactor. Effects of temperature have been compared for different residence time for the inlet gas ratio water/air/C2-C4 alcanes of 7: 4.5:1.
Combustion of round hydrogen microjet in a cocurrent air flow with nanopowder
Authors: Kozlov V V , Grek G R , Litvinenko M V , Litvinenko Yu A , Tambovtsev A S , Shmakov A G 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the present paper we show our recent experimental data on diffusion combustion of a round hydrogen microjet in a cocurrent flow of air mixed with nanoparticles of TiO2. The hydrogen microjet is emanated from a round micronozzle which is surrounded by a coaxial slit to produce the cocurrent flow. Combustion events found in the present conditions are similar to those observed in the previous studies on diffusion combustion of hydrogen microjets at subsonic and supersonic velocities. In a subsonic range, the so-called “bottleneck-flame region” is generated close to the nozzle exit, while in high-speed conditions the flame separates from the nozzle. At increasing velocity of both the hydrogen microjet and the cocurrent flow, the “bottleneck-flame region” is still found and the combustion becomes more intense. The “bottleneck-flame region” is suppressed at the microjet velocity approaching transonic values.
Simulation of gas injection from a long tube into a liquid-filled pipe
Authors: Alekseev M V , Lobanov P D , Svetonosov A I , Lezhnin S I 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The data on the evolution of the interface at the sudden injection of gas from a long tube into a liquid column was obtained. High speed video of experiments and calculations in OpenFoam software package were used as research methods. Investigations were performed for different initial pressures. Typical configurations of the interface for different time periods were shown both experimentally and numerically.
Calculation of probability density function of particle velocity in turbulent flow
Authors: Derevich I V , Klochkov A K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The random motion of inertial particles in uniform isotropic turbulence is considered. Fluctuations of the gas velocity at the particle trajectory are modelled as a random Gauss process with a finite decay time of the autocorrelation function. A closed equation for the probability density function (PDF) of the random particle velocity is derived. An analytical solution of the equation for the PDF is found. The equation for the PDF is solved by two numerical methods. The first method of solution is based on the finite-difference approximation of the equation for the PDF. The second method is based on the calculation of empirical PDF, which is obtained by averaging over an ensemble of random trajectories of particles. The results of the comparison of analytical numerical solutions are presented.
Motion characteristics of bubbles behind a sudden channel expansion
Authors: Chinak A V , Evdokimenko I A , Kulikov D V , Lobanov P D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Characteristics of movement of gas bubbles behind a sudden channel expansion were studied experimentally. The data on the distribution of the gas phase and speed of movement of bubbles were obtained. It is shown that at a distance from the sudden channel expansion the bubbles slow down, which relates to the slowing down of liquid due to an increase in the flow cross section. After the reattachment point, the bubbles move along a more curved path than upstream. It is shown that bubble clusters can form in the flow recovery zone. The velocity distribution in the channel was studied by means of laser Doppler anemometry (LDA).
Peculiarities of gas bubble growth in magmatic melt under the condition of rapid decompression
Authors: Chernov A A , Pil’nik A A , Davydov M N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The growth mechanism of a single gas bubble in a highly viscous volatile-saturated magmatic melt during its rapid decompression is investigated. A new analytical solution of the problem is shown. It correctly describes the bubble growth dynamics in a wide range of supersaturations achieved as a result of decompression and at all stages of the process including the transitional one. Accounting for this stage is extremely important if we consider highly-viscous magmatic melts. It is shown that after some time bubble growth is determined solely by diffusion, and the process has a self-similar character.
The effect of the initial salt concentration on the rate of crystallization in a thin layer of solution
Authors: Morozov V S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
When simulating crystallization, it is necessary to take into account the temperature distribution on the solution interface, the place of emergence of the first crystalline center, as well as the rate of evaporation and crystallization. Depending on the specified parameters, three crystallization scenarios are implemented: 1) a sharp decrease in the crystallization rate J
cr with time, 2) an increase in J
cr with time, 3) an increase in J
cr and reaching the maximum, and then a decrease in the crystallization rate.
Analysis of the influence of mass transfer processes between reactor and containment on the operation of the WWER steam generator in condensation mode
Authors: Shlepkin A S , Morozov A V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of mass transfer processes between the reactor and the containment of a WWER reactor in case of a loss of coolant accident (LOCA). The effect of the differential pressure arising due to the difference in the densities of the media in the primary circuit and in the containment on mass transfer is considered. A description of the HA-2M test facility used for the study of process between the containment and the reactor is given. The results of analysis of the experimental data are presented.
Investigation of aerodynamics of improved four-vortex furnace device
Authors: Alekseenko S V , Shadrin E Yu , Anufriev I S , Boyko E E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this work, the inner aerodynamics of a perspective vortex furnace device with a four-vortex burner layout scheme is experimentally investigated. Using the contactless optical flow diagnostics method (PIV), the averaged velocity distributions are obtained in a number of cross sections of the furnace model for various modes. The spatial structure of the flow is studied. It is found that the flow consists of four vertical vortices with curved rotation axes.