bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A profound density functional theory study to unravel the spectroscopic and molecular properties of two Flavanols differing in α‐pyrone ring position
Authors: Hashmi Muhammad Ali , Farooq Umar , Bibi Syeda Sidra , Naz Sadia , Xu Hong‐Guang , Asghar Basim H. , Mabkhot Yahia Nasser , Alsayari Abdulrahman , Muhsinah Abdullatif Bin , Khan Ayesha 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA comprehensive theoretical model was designed for two new flavanols that have been reported from Glycosmis pentaphylla, differing in the placement of α‐pyrone ring. The density functional theory (DFT) approach was utilized for computing different properties of these compounds to validate the experimental findings and stereochemical assignments. Electronic properties, geometric parameters, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), molecular electrostatic potential (MESP), and natural bond orbital analysis were performed for the first time at the PBE0‐D3BJ/def2‐TZVP level of theory for the compounds under study. The simulated vibrational frequencies for compounds 1 and 2 were computed and compared with the experimental results. nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) (1H and 13C) chemical shift values were computed at the PBE0‐D3BJ/def2‐TZVP/SMDDMSO level of theory and showed a very good agreement with the experimental results for both the compounds. The electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and ultraviolet–visible (UV) spectra for both the compounds were obtained using time‐dependent DFT in methanol, whose results exhibited excellent correlation with experimental data. The intermolecular interaction effect on geometric parameters, vibrational frequencies, and electronic properties were studied for the first time.
Circ_0080425 inhibits cell proliferation and fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy via sponging miR‐24‐3p and targeting fibroblast growth factor 11
Authors: Liu Huifang , Wang Xin , Wang Zheng‐Yu , Li Lingzhi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is a severe end‐stage kidney disease developed from diabetes mellitus. The involvement of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in modulating DN pathogenesis has been implied, but underlying mechanism is still lacking. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression of circ_0080425 correlated with the DN progression, and exerted positive effect on cell proliferation and fibrosis in mesangial cells. Further assessment suggested that circ_0080425 function as sponge harboring miR‐24‐3p. Moreover, miR‐24‐3p negatively correlated with the DN progression, and showed an antagonistic effect to circ_0080425on regulating MCs cell proliferation and fibrosis. Bioinformatics analysis predicted fibroblast growth factor 11 (FGF11) acting as direct downstream target of miR‐24‐3p. Indeed, the expression of FGF11 was significantly activated by circ_0080425 while suppressed by miR‐24‐3p. Knockdown of FGF11 resulted in a significant reduced cell proliferation rate and fibrosis. In addition, miR‐24‐3p inhibitor rescued the suppression of si‐circ_0080425 on FGF11, suggesting that circ_0080425 competitive binding to miR‐24‐3p could release FGF11 from miR‐24‐3p suppression, which subsequently promoted DN progression.In conclusion, we have reported a novel circ_0080425‐miR‐24‐3p‐FGF11 axis, and explored the underlying mechanism in regulating DN pathogenesis.
GINS2 facilitates epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition in non‐small‐cell lung cancer through modulating PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK signaling
Authors: Liu Xiangli , Sun Lei , Zhang Song , Zhang Shuguang , Li Wenya 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNon‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a cancer with high morbidity and mortality. We aimed to define the effect of Go‐Ichi‐Ni‐San complex subuint 2 (GINS2) acting on NSCLC. The expressions of GINS2 in NSCLC tissues and cells were detected using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The relationship between GINS2 expression and NSCLC prognosis or clinicopathologic features was analyzed through statistical analysis. The overexpressed or downexpressed plasmids of GINS2 were transfected into NSCLC cell lines, and then cell proliferation, invasion, and migration viability were, respectively, determined by Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, transwell, and wound healing assay. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) was observed and the EMT‐related proteins were measured using IHC and western blot. The function of GINS2 in vivo was assessed by mice model. The related proteins of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphoinositide‐3‐kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathways were evaluated using western blot. GINS2 expression was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, and its high expression was correlated with the poor prognosis and several clinicopathologic features, such as TMN stages (tumor size, lymph node, and metastasis) and clinical stages. GINS2 enhanced NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion viability in vivo and in vitro. GINS2 also promoted NSCLC cells EMT. In addition, GINS2 could regulate phosphorylated proteins of PI3K p85, Akt, MEK, and ERK expressions, it revealed that GINS2 effected on PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK pathways. GINS2 promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT via modulating PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. It might be a target in NSCLC treatment.
The personal utility of cfDNA screening: Pregnant patients' experiences with cfDNA screening and views on expanded cfDNA panels
Authors: Farrell Ruth M. , Agatisa Patricia K. , Michie Marsha M. , Greene Amy , Ford Paul J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPrenatal cell‐free DNA screening (cfDNA) provides more genetic risk information about the fetus than has ever been possible. At the same time, the rapid expansion of new cfDNA panels raises important questions about how to structure patient‐centered discussions that best support patients' decision‐making about its use. To address this question, we conducted interviews with pregnant patients to identify decision‐making needs and preferences with respect to cfDNA in patient‐centered healthcare discussions, given its evolving capability to identify a range of fetal variants. Personal utility was a core concept guiding decision‐making. Participants spoke of how their deeply personal values and beliefs about maternal responsibility, actionability, and tolerance of uncertainty framed their view of the personal utility of cfDNA screening. While discussing their notions of personal utility with their healthcare provider, participants also had concerns about potential ramifications for the provider–patient relationship and shared decision‐making when disclosing values and preferences regarding disability, quality of life, and termination—particularly as it becomes possible to identify variants with different disease‐associated severity and outcomes. The complexities associated with the introduction of genomics in prenatal care present unique challenges to structuring effective shared decision‐making discussions between patients and their healthcare providers. While efforts are underway to determine how to best educate patients about the medical aspects of cfDNA, it is equally important to develop approaches in healthcare communication that enable patients to make informed, values‐based decisions about the use of cfDNA and its impact on their pregnancy.
Effectiveness of an interprofessional education program using team‐based learning for medical students: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hamada Shuhei , Haruta Junji , Maeno Takami , Maeno Tetsuhiro , Suzuki Hideo , Takayashiki Ayumi , Inada Haruhiko , Naito Takahiro , Tomita Mika , Kanou Naomi , Baba Takeshi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundTo respond to increasingly complicated healthcare needs in primary care settings, all health and medical welfare professionals are required to collaborate with multiprofessionals, namely via “interprofessional work” (IPW). Interprofessional education (IPE) is essential for effective IPW, especially for medical students. This study aimed to determine whether participation in IPE can increase medical students’ readiness for interprofessional learning.MethodWe examined the difference in readiness of medical students for interprofessional learning before and after an IPE program that used team‐based learning (TBL). Each student was assigned to either a uniprofessional or multiprofessional group. They were evaluated using the Japanese version of the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS). Program participants were 126 second‐year medical students and 18 students of healthcare professions other than medical doctor who participated in a combined IPE program conducted by two universities. Medical students were allocated to 12 uniprofessional and nine multiprofessional groups at random.ResultsOne hundred and twelve medical students who replied to the questionnaire both before and after the program (valid response rate, 88.9%) were eligible for analysis. Of these, 42 were assigned to uniprofessional groups and 70 to multiprofessional groups. After the program, the RIPLS total score increased to a greater extent in the multiprofessional groups than in the uniprofessional groups (difference 3.17, 95% confidence interval 0.47‐5.88, P = .022). Multiple regression analysis showed the same result.ConclusionsLearning in multiprofessional groups increased medical students’ readiness for interprofessional learning in an IPE program using TBL.
Vancomycin-induced gut dysbiosis duringPseudomonas aeruginosapulmonary infection in a mice model
Authors: Rosa Caio Pupin , Pereira Jéssica Assis , Cristina de Melo Santos Natália , Brancaglion Gustavo Andrade , Silva Evandro Neves , Tagliati Carlos Alberto , Novaes Rômulo Dias , Corsetti Patrícia Paiva , de Almeida Leonardo Augusto 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common opportunistic pathogens causing respiratory infections in hospitals. Vancomycin, the antimicrobial agent usually used to treat bacterial nosocomial infections, is associated with gut dysbiosis. As a lung-gut immunologic axis has been described, this study aimed to evaluate both the immunologic and histopathologic effects on the lungs and the large intestine resulting from vancomycin-induced gut dysbiosis in the P. aeruginosa pneumonia murine model. Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that vancomycin-induced gut dysbiosis resulted in higher Proteobacteria and lower Bacteroidetes populations in feces. Given that gut dysbiosis could augment the proinflammatory status of the intestines leading to a variety of acute inflammatory diseases, bone marrow-derived macrophages were stimulated with cecal content from dysbiotic mice showing a higher expression of proinflammatory cytokines and lower expression of IL-10. Dysbiotic mice showed higher levels of viable bacteria in the lungs and spleen when acutely infected with P. aeruginosa, with more lung and cecal damage and increased IL-10 expression in bronchoalveolar lavage. The susceptible and tissue damage phenotype was reversed when dysbiotic mice received fecal microbiota transplantation. In spite of higher recruitment of CD11b+ cells in the lungs, there was no higher CD80+ expression, DC+ cell amounts or proinflammatory cytokine expression. Taken together, our results indicate that the bacterial community found in vancomycin-induced dysbiosis dysregulates the gut inflammatory status, influencing the lung-gut immunologic axis to favor increased opportunistic infections, for example, by P. aeruginosa.
Impact of abiotic stressors on native rhizospheric bacterial community of Cajanus cajan
Authors: Anand Gautam , Bisaria Virendra S. , Sharma Shilpi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSalinity and drought are the major abiotic stresses that limit agricultural productivity. Application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is an attractive technology but with the bottlenecks of reduced efficacy and survivability in the environment. For increased efficiency of PGPR strains, the impact of stresses on the native bacterial community needs to be studied. Experimentally induced stresses would be ideal to assess the immediate perturbances in the structure of soil bacterial community. Hence, the study focused on the effect of experimentally‐induced salinity, and drought stress on rhizospheric bacterial community of Cajanus cajan. A plant growth experiment was set up to induce salinity and drought stresses. Shifts in the bacterial community were assessed by a culture‐independent technique of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis using 16S ribosomal RNA gene and transcript as markers, leading to a comparison of the resident with the active bacterial community. The impact on plant was evaluated by measurement of plant biometrics. Further, salinity and drought‐stressed conditions led to distinct shifts in native and active rhizospheric bacterial community, corresponding to the higher decline at induction of stresses, and stabilization at later time points. The study encompasses the perturbations in the active and resident rhizospheric bacterial community caused by the induction of two different abiotic stresses along the plant's growth.
Expression of colony‐stimulating factor 1 and interleukin‐34 in gingival tissue and gingival fibroblasts from periodontitis patients and controls
Authors: Clark Reuben , Zwicker Stephanie , Bureik Daniela , Johannsen Gunnar , Boström Elisabeth A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundColony‐stimulating factor 1 (CSF‐1) and interleukin (IL)‐34 are important for the functions of myeloid lineage cells and are involved in several chronic inflammatory conditions associated with tissue degeneration. The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of CSF‐1 and IL‐34 in gingival tissue and gingival fibroblasts (GF) from patients with periodontitis and controls.MethodsGingival biopsies were obtained from 19 periodontitis patients and 15 controls. Expression of CSF‐1 and IL‐34 in gingival tissue was assessed by western blot and localization by immunohistochemistry. Expression of CSF1 and IL34 mRNA in GF was analyzed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and protein expression visualized by immunofluorescence stainings. CSF‐1 and IL‐34 secretion from GF was evaluated in response to tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), IL‐1β, Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (Ec‐LPS) and Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg‐LPS) stimulation, using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays.ResultsCSF‐1 was increased in gingival tissue from periodontitis patients compared with controls (P < 0.05) whereas IL‐34 expression was similar. In GF from a non‐periodontitis donor, stimulation with either TNF‐α, IL‐1β, Ec‐LPS, or Pg‐LPS, increased the secretion of CSF‐1 (P < 0.05) and Ec‐LPS stimulation increased IL‐34 (P < 0.05). CSF‐1 and IL‐34 were expressed and secreted constitutively from GF, with comparable levels in GF from periodontitis patients and controls. Inflammatory stimuli increased the secretion of CSF‐1 and IL‐34 with comparable levels measured from GF from periodontitis patients and controls (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe expression of CSF‐1 and IL‐34 in gingival tissue and fibroblasts suggests involvement in myeloid cell functions during periodontal inflammation.
Guided tissue regeneration combined with bone allograft in infrabony defects: Clinical outcomes and assessment of prognostic factors
Authors: Majzoub Jad , Barootchi Shayan , Tavelli Lorenzo , Wang Chin‐Wei , Chan Hsun‐Liang , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundClinical data on the outcomes of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is scarce. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the outcomes after GTR, their stability and the survival of the treated teeth with periodontal infrabony defects.MethodsInfrabony defects treated with GTR using a bioabsorbable membrane and a bone graft substitute with at least 1‐year follow‐up were included. Survival and regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the outcomes, their stability, and the retention of the teeth. The effect of recorded variables on clinical attachment gain (CAL) and tooth survival were assessed via Cox proportional‐hazards models and multivariate generalized linear models.ResultsOne hundred seventy‐five treated defects were selected from a total of 641 charts. The average follow‐up was 5.75 ± 4.6 years. At baseline, the mean CAL was 9.56 ± 1.93 mm with a mean pocket depth (PD) of 8.41 ± 1.42 mm. At the 1‐year post‐surgical recall, 3.55 ± 1.85 mm of CAL gain and 3.87 ± 1.87 mm PD reduction were observed (P < 0.05). The 5‐ and 10‐year survival rates of the treated teeth were 85.0% and 72.7%, respectively. Baseline PD, smoking, and membrane exposure were significantly related to CAL gain, whereas baseline CAL, age, frequency in maintenance visits significantly affected tooth survival.ConclusionWithin the limitations of this study, data suggests GTR is a good option for the treatment of infrabony defects because it can improve both tooth retention rate and overall clinical outcomes.
Whole transcriptome analysis of smoker palatal mucosa identifies multiple downregulated innate immunity genes
Authors: Wang Yun , Anderson Eric P. , Tatakis Dimitris N. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundSmoking has significant negative impact on periodontal health and treatment outcomes. The molecular effects of smoking on oral immune homeostasis have not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of smoking‐associated gene expression changes in healthy palatal mucosa and to identify potentially implicated immunologic pathways.MethodsPalatal biopsies, in the form of connective tissue grafts, were obtained from periodontally healthy smokers and non‐smokers. Smoking status was biochemically verified (exhaled air CO and serum cotinine). Tissue samples were processed for next generation sequencing, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and immunohistochemistry. Gene set enrichment/pathway analysis and correlation analysis between gene expression and serum cotinine levels were also performed.ResultsAnalysis of palatal tissues from 12 non‐smokers and 10 smokers identified 830 significantly (P <0.05) differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 249 with fold change (FC) >2. Most increased in expression (≥5‐FC) were CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and USP17L9P; most decreased (≥6‐FC) were IL36A, DEFB4A, DEFB4B, SPRR2F, CCL20, KLK6, and ADH4. 203 DEGs (FC >2) were significantly correlated with serum cotinine levels. Significant enrichment pathways for cotinine‐associated genes include antimicrobial humoral response, regulation of humoral response and various metabolic processes. qPCR and immunohistochemistry confirmed gene and protein expression of selected DEGs.ConclusionsSmoking has a significant effect on the transcriptome of normal human palatal mucosa and seems to target genes important for innate immune defenses, which may prove to be one of the key mechanisms by which tobacco smoking leads to increased periodontitis susceptibility.
New major element analyses of proximal tephras from the Azores and suggested correlations with cryptotephras in North‐West Europe
Authors: Wastegård Stefan , Johansson Hans , Pacheco José M. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTThe Azores Archipelago is one of the most active volcanic areas in the North Atlantic region. Approximately 30 eruptions have been reported over the last 600 years with some major VEI 5 (Volcanic Explosivity Index) eruptions further back in time. The geochemical composition of associated tephra‐derived glass, however, is not well characterized. An Azorean origin of cryptotephras found in distal areas such as North Africa, the British Isles and Greenland has been suggested, but proximal data from the Azores are scarce and the correlations have only been tentative. These tephras have a traychtic composition, which excludes an Icelandic origin. In a previous study, we presented major element analyses of proximal tephra‐derived glass from five Holocene eruptions on the Azores Islands. There is a striking geochemical similarity between tephras from volcanoes on São Miguel and Irish cryptotephras, and especially with eruptives from the Furnas volcano. Here we present new analyses of proximal tephras that confirm and strengthen a link between Furnas and cryptotephras found in south‐west Ireland. We also suggest a correlation between a previously unsourced tephra found in a Swedish bog with an eruption of the Sete Cidades volcano c. 3880 a cal BP.
Probing ring contraction and decarboxylation of Rhodizonate and the influence of Cu (II) using surface‐enhanced Raman Scattering
Authors: Milán‐Garcés Erix A. , Georgopoulos Stéfanos Leite , Barros Santos Patrícia , Sato Fernando , Sant'Ana Antonio Carlos , Andrade Gustavo F.S. , de Oliveira Luiz Fernando Cappa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUnderstanding ring contraction and decarboxylation reactions is critical to different fields of chemistry. The reaction of conversion of rhodizonate (Rho) to croconate (Cro) in solution was proposed to occur by initially α‐oxo‐alcohol ring contraction followed by decarboxylation reaction. In the present study, SERS (surface‐enhanced Raman scattering) spectroscopy was used for real‐time label free measurement of the kinetics of this reaction in solution. It was observed that Rho remained as the predominant species for the first two hours, and after that different intermediate and product species were detected via spectral characterization. In 24 hours Rho was consumed and the SERS spectrum was assigned to a intermediate species, which in combination with DFT calculation was unambiguously identified as a previously proposed five‐membered ring intermediate. It was probed the catalytic influence of Cu (II) ions in the rapidly conversion of such intermediate to Cro and/or Cu (II)‐Cro complex. The results suggest that Cu (II) ions catalyze the decarboxylation step of reaction probably by initially attacking the carboxyl group of the intermediate species. This study shows that SERS can be broadly applied to study slow ring contraction of Rho and catalyzed decarboxylation reactions in solution with detection of intermediate species which are not easily accessible by other techniques.