bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
User experience and perceived usability of nurse-led telemonitoring among women with gestational diabetes in Dhulikhel, Nepal
Authors: Chaudhary Kalpana , Nepal Jyoti , Thapaliya Shraddha , Banjara Sangam , Shrestha Abha , Shakya Prabin Raj , Shrestha Archana , Rawal Shristi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objective
To assess the usability and acceptability of nurse-led telemonitoring in managing gestational diabetes among Nepalese women.

Methods
We conducted a convergent mixed-method study among 91 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes at Dhulikhel Hospital, Nepal. Participants received glucometers and blood pressure monitors, along with training and instructions to measure and record their blood pressure and glucose levels at home once a week. Starting from the 28th gestational week, the study nurse reviewed measurements obtained at home during the biweekly telemonitoring follow ups, alternating with hospital visits. We used the System Usability Scale (SUS) to assess perceived usability and conducted in-depth interviews to understand participants’ experiences with telemonitoring and related technologies, including feasibility, acceptability, satisfaction with treatment, usability, as well as any difficulties or unmet needs. The quantitative analysis included descriptive statistics to summarize participant characteristics and System Usability Scale (SUS) responses, while a framework analysis was applied to examine the qualitative data.

Results
The mean SUS score for telemonitoring services was 72.1 ± 7.6, indicating good usability (a score ≥ 68 indicates good usability). 93% of participants wanted to use the service frequently; 88% found it easy to use; 81% considered it well-integrated with their typical prenatal care. Participants acknowledged the benefits of virtual health visits, such as frequent health monitoring, facilitation of communication with healthcare providers, appointment reminders, added motivation for home monitoring, increased access to health information, and prevention of unnecessary anxiety. Overall, participants expressed satisfaction with the quality and features of the nurse-led telemonitoring for managing gestational diabetes, emphasizing its role in ensuring uninterrupted prenatal care.

Conclusions
Telemonitoring is a feasible and acceptable tool to facilitate close monitoring of pregnant women with gestational diabetes in peri-urban hospital settings in Nepal.
Multidimensional Analysis of Pigeons’ Behavior under Ratio and Interval Schedules Using a Video Tracking System: A Pilot Study
Authors: Kono Masanori 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn studies on reinforcement schedules, the target behavior (which is the operant behavior to be measured) is defined as an act on an operandum, and its occurrence is measured discretely on a time axis. These studies have provided significant findings on the functional relationship between the environment and behavior in terms of the temporal dimension of behavior. However, the effects of reinforcement schedules on the spatial dimensions of the target behavior and other behaviors have not been fully investigated. This study measured the positions of multiple body parts of pigeons under fixed-ratio, fixed-interval, variable-ratio, and variable-interval schedules using a video-tracking system. The results showed that the movement pattern of pigeons varied more in the fixed-ratio schedule than in the other schedules and that the speed of movement differed between the schedules. These findings demonstrate the potential of multidimensional analyses using video tracking systems. Further refinements in measurement and analytical methodologies are required.
The effect of ozone gas, an alternative to conventional fumigants on life stages of Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and their effect on chemical properties of wheat flour
Authors: Gad Hassan A. , Mohamed Hamdy A. , El-Ghaffar Mohamed M. Abd , Ibrahim Ibrahim L. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a harmful insect pest for grains in storage systems. However, there is a lack of available data on the effect of ozone on rice moth. In this study, we assessed the ozone at concentrations of 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 g/m3 for six-time intervals (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 h) on the mortality of insect life stages as well as pupation and adult emergence. The results showed that for all stages, the percent of mortality increased with increasing concentration and exposure time with 5.0 g/m3 and 5.0 h of exposure time resulted in 100.0% egg mortality. The highest mortality of treated larvae (89.1%) and pupae (96.2%) resulted after 5.0 h exposure to 5.0 g/m3 of ozone. Also, the results showed that the treated adults were more sensitive to ozone than the three other stages. A complete adult mortality was achieved by all concentrations of ozone at the following exposure times, 5.0 h after 1.0 day of treatment, 4.0 h after 2.0 days of treatment and 2.0 h after 3.0 days of treatment. Beside the effect on mortality, ozone suppressed the pupation and adult emergence from treated immature stages. The chemical analysis of treated wheat flour showed a slight decrease in protein, fat, carbohydrate, moisture and fibre and a slight increase in ash contents compared with untreated wheat flour. Our findings suggest that ozone can be effectively used for the control of C. cephalonica in stored wheat flour.
Optimum-preserving QUBO parameter compression
Authors: Mücke Sascha , Gerlach Thore , Piatkowski Nico 
Published: December 2024

AbstractQuadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problems are well-studied, not least because they can be approached using contemporary quantum annealing or classical hardware acceleration. However, due to limited precision and hardware noise, the effective set of feasible parameter values is severely restricted. As a result, otherwise solvable problems become harder or even intractable. In this work, we study the implications of solving QUBO problems under limited precision. Specifically, it is shown that the problem’s dynamic range has a crucial impact on the problem’s robustness against distortions. We show this by formalizing the notion of preserving optima between QUBO instances and explore to which extend parameters can be modified without changing the set of minimizing solutions. Based on these insights, we introduce techniques to reduce the dynamic range of a given QUBO instance based on the theoretical bounds of the minimal energy value. An experimental evaluation on random QUBO instances as well as QUBO-encoded BinClustering and SubsetSum problems show that our theoretical findings manifest in practice. Results on quantum annealing hardware show that the performance can be improved drastically when following our methodology.
Special Issue of International Criminology: ‘Misleading the World? Reassessing the International Impact of the British Modern Slavery Agenda: Vietnam
Authors: Silverstone Daniel , Luong Hai Thanh 
Published: December 2024

AbstractVietnamese nationals feature conspicuously in the British narrative of modern slavery. In 2019, 39 Vietnamese nationals tragically died in a refrigerated lorry in Kent, in a case which shocked both countries (Barnes T (2019) Essex lorry deaths: concerns ‘snakehead’ smuggling gangs could be behind 39 found dead in trailer. The Independent Newspaper. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/ essex-lorry-deaths-latest-snakehead-chinese-gang-human-trafficking-people-smuggling-a9171 066.html. {Accessed 18/04/2024}. Yet, in early 2024, Vietnamese nationals are currently the most likely migrants to reach the United Kingdom via small boats. This article—based on ongoing legal work and research carried out in both Vietnam and the United Kingdom—will explore the history of irregular migration from Vietnam and its specific connections to illegal drug cultivation. It will evaluate the impact of key domestic initiatives such as the National Referral Mechanism and the Modern Slavery Act 2015 https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2015/30/section/45 {Accessed 14/09/2024} as well as most recent anti-trafficking campaigns in the United Kingdom and Vietnam. It argues that the losses of life in a refrigerated lorry in Essex and the continuing migrations are as much a product of prohibitionist drug policies as contradictory immigration and human trafficking messaging.
Nickel hydroxide-based energy storage devices: nickel-metal hydride batteries vs. nickel hydroxide hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Yi Xuerui , Kirk Caroline , Robertson Neil 
Published: December 2024

AbstractNickel hydroxide-based devices, such as nickel hydroxide hybrid supercapacitors (Ni-HSCs) and nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries, are important technologies in the electrochemical energy storage field due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and environmentally-friendliness. Ni-HSCs combine the high-power density of capacitors with the high energy density of batteries, making them ideal for applications requiring rapid charge and discharge cycles. In contrast, Ni-MH batteries are known for their high energy density and stability, making them suitable for applications requiring sustained energy output. Although Ni-MH batteries have been commercialized for many years and Ni-HSCs have also been extensively investigated as a relatively new technology, there is no comprehensive review comparing their performance and mechanisms. Therefore, this review aims to provide a detailed comparison of these two devices. This comparative study focuses on three perspectives: historic development; working principles; and properties of nickel hydroxide in both devices. This summary could offer insight into selecting appropriate technologies for specific applications, guidance for materials development and understanding the fundamental mechanism driving their performance.
Improved student learning through active retrieval practice and random-sampled exams
Authors: Vesik Kaili , Hall Kathleen Currie 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOne pedagogical finding that has gained recent attention is the utility of active, effortful retrieval practice in effective learning. Essentially, humans learn best when they are asked to actively generate/recall knowledge for themselves, rather than receiving knowledge passively. In this paper, we (a) provide a framework for both practice and assessment within which students can organically develop active study habits, (b) share resources we have built to help implement such a framework in the linguistics classroom, and (c) provide some examples and evaluation of their success in the context of an introductory phonetics/phonology course.
Manipulating Time by Cryopreservation: Designing an Environmental Future by Maintaining a Portal to the Past
Authors: Brister Evelyn , Gammon Andrea R. , Thompson Paul B. , Tiersch Terrence R. , Zuchowicz Nikolas 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis article explores how time-related metaphors frame advanced cryopreservation technologies in environmental conservation. Cryopreservation “stops” or “freezes” biological time and “buys time” desperately needed to preserve species and ecosystems. We advance a framing of these technologies as logistical, highlighting how they create opportunities to shift materials, knowledge, and decision-making power through space and time. As logistical technologies, advanced cryopreservation techniques require active planning in the present rather than deferring responsibility and accountability to the future.
The Need for Early Engagement with Interested Groups on Advanced Biopreservation
Authors: Hyun Insoo , Bischof John , Callier Shawneequa L. , Capron Alexander M. , Goodwin Michele Bratcher , Goswami Ishan , Isasi Rosario , Maynard Andrew D. , Pruett Timothy L. , Uygun Korkut , Wolf Susan M. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractResearch on advanced biopreservation — technologies that include, for example, partial freezing, supercooling, and vitrification with nanoparticle infusion and laser rewarming — is proceeding at a rapid pace, potentially affecting many areas of medicine and the life sciences, food, agriculture, and environmental conservation. Given the breadth and depth of its medical, scientific, and corresponding social impacts, advanced biopreservation is poised to emerge as a disruptive technology with real benefits, but also ethical challenges and risks. Early engagement with potentially affected groups can help navigate possible societal barriers to adoption of this new technology and help ensure that emerging capabilities align with the needs, desires, and expectations of a broad range of interested parties.
The European Union as a Global Health Actor: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Negri Stefania 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic served as a catalyst to build a stronger European Health Union to protect the health of Europeans and to develop a new Global Health Strategy to contribute to global health security. In positioning itself as a key player in global health governance, the EU seeks to assert its responsibility as a global health actor and deepen its leadership in global health law.
Biopreservation in Agriculture and Food Systems: A Summary of Ethical Issues
Authors: Thompson Paul B. , Bischof John , Powell-Palm Matthew J. , Smith Kieran , Tiersch Terrence R. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBiomedical research on advanced cryopreservation has spillover effects on innovation in the food and agricultural sector. Advanced biopreservation technology has three key domains of impact in the food system: (1) improving efficiencies in storage and utilization of gametes and organoids for plant and animal breeding; (2) isochoric methods for preservation of fresh food products; and (3) in biorepositories for storage of genetic resources for agriculturally significant plants and livestock species.
UK secondary school pupils’ perspectives of interventions to encourage healthier food and drink choices in the school environment
Authors: Roberts A. , McSweeney L. , Evans E. , HillierBrown F. , Spence S. 
Published: December 2024

The school food and drink environment offers opportunities to improve pupils’ food and drink choices, with school food accounting for up to 30% of pupils’ dietary intake(1). School canteens are often overcrowded and chaotic, which may lead to pupils choosing less healthy but quicker options. Interventions aiming to improve adolescents’ dietary behaviours have been conducted but usually lack adolescent involvement and can have limited impact on pupils’ dietary choices(2). Pupil involvement in design and development may lead to more acceptable interventions(3). The aim was to explore potential interventions with secondary school-aged pupils focused on key areas of the school food and drink environment.A total of three North East England secondary schools were recruited based on pupil eligibility for free school meals and index of multiple deprivation. Approximately eight pupils (aged 12 – 13) were recruited per school to participate in three focus groups. Consent was collected from parents and pupils. In focus group one, pupils prioritised areas within the school food and drink environment for potential interventions. In focus group two, pupils explored what these interventions might comprise. Finally, pupils reviewed the acceptability, sustainability, and feasibility of their interventions. Thematic analysis using a coding framework was used to analyse data.Ethical approval was granted by Newcastle University Ethics Committee, reference number: 2402/24272/2021.Across the three schools, twenty-two (m = 9; f = 13) pupils participated in the focus groups. Preliminary analysis revealed the inability for pupils to eat their school lunch outside was a key area for improvement. Pupils felt that with dedicated areas to eat outside, they would have more time to eat and not rely on convenient options. Incorrect menus in the canteen also meant pupils did not know what they could select and instead chose the same, often less healthy options. Pupils wanted posters in the canteen to promote the available healthier options previously used in nudge-based interventions. School food and drink were usually considered poor value for money due to high prices and perceived poor quality of school food compared to what is available outside of school. Pupils felt that introducing meal deals or food-based rewards for healthier options would encourage higher consumption due to them being perceived as better value for money.Prioritised areas and interventions within the school food and drink environment were schoolspecific. Before interventions are conducted in schools, further understanding of the school context and whether interventions are appropriate are needed. Further work exploring continued project development, including further pupil and school staff input to explore intervention feasibility is required.
The effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) supplementation on sleep, mood, and cognitive function in healthy university students
Authors: Murphy A. , McLachlan K. , Egan H. , Bedwell M. , Kimble R. 
Published: December 2024

University students often face high levels of stress and sleep disturbances due to their academic demands and lifestyle factors(1). Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), an adaptogenic herb, has shown the potential to mitigate stress and improve cognitive function(2). However, limited research has examined its effects on these variables in university students. This study aimed to determine the effects of ashwagandha supplementation on sleep quality, mood, and cognitive function in university students.A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study was used. Nine university students (5 males, 4 females; Age: 21 ± 1 years; BMI: 25 ± 2.5 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to receive 500 mg of standardized ashwagandha root extract capsules for 7 days or a placebo (encapsulated cornstarch) with a 7-day washout between treatments. Sleep was measured during the 7-day supplementation period using the Loughborough Daily Sleep Diary. Postsupplementation mood and cognitive function were measured by the Profile of Mood States (POMS) scale(3) and computerised Stroop, and Deary-Liewald simple and choice reaction tasks(4). Paired sample t-tests were used to determine differences between the ashwagandha and placebo conditions with calculated effect sizes (Cohen’s d).Participants reported lower confusion indicator on the POMS following ashwagandha compared to the placebo (mean ± SD: 4.8 ± 2.0 vs 7.6 ± 3.1 arbitrary units; P = 0.03; d = −0.92). No other differences were found for any other mood indicators, sleep, or cognitive function parameters (P > 0.05).These data suggest that ashwagandha may improve feelings of confusion in university students but further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to verify these findings and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Revisiting attitudes and awareness around sustainable diets after 10 years
Authors: Cleland E. , McBey D. , Darlene V. , McCormick B.J.J. , Macdiarmid J.I. 
Published: December 2024

While the impact of high meat consumption on the environment(1) and health(2) have been studied for decades, public knowledge of these issues is less well understood. The aim of this study was to assess the awareness and knowledge of the environmental impact of food choices among the public, as well as people’s willingness to reduce their consumption of meat. We sought to repeat the study conducted by Macdiarmid et al.(3),which found limited knowledge of the link between meat and the environment, and a general unwillingness to change, to understand if public knowledge of and perceptions around sustainable diets have changed in the decade since the original study was conducted.Nine in-person focus groups were conducted between March and August 2023. Adult participants (≥18 years old) were recruited in Scotland from populations matching the original study(3) based on a balanced urban vs rural, locations and high vs low socio-economic status (SES) areas. Data was coded and analysed using a thematic approach.Most participants (n = 60, ranging from 5-11 participants per group) believed that food choice impacts the environment and human health. Views diverged between the sociodemographic groups with urban/higher SES groups generally more knowledgeable of the impact of meat on the environment and rural/lower SES participants typically less aware. Willingness to reduce meat consumption was also split by SES and motivations were different. Higher SES groups were more willing to reduce meat consumption, and in some cases reported having already started to do so, than lower SES groups. The former groups discussed ethical, health and environmental reasons whereas the latter groups were more sensitive to the price of alternatives. Meat, variously defined, but generally ruminant meat, was considered an important part of a ‘balanced’ diet and most participants were reluctant to remove it entirely.Although the language of dietary sustainability was not uniformly recognised or understood, there was greater understanding of the underlying concepts in 2023 compared to 2013. The environmental impacts of food choices were more often couched in terms of the physical environment (e.g., packaging) than climatic impacts (i.e., greenhouse gas emissions). There was a strong sense that local (i.e., Scottish) production was more ‘sustainable’ than imported food and there was broad willingness to reduce, but not remove, meat consumption in principle.