bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parental Value for Tuber Yield in Potato Under High Temperature Environments in Climate Change Conditions
Authors: Manuel Gastelo , Diaz Luis , Quispe Katherine , Bonierbale Merideth 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPotato crop is expanding to areas with temperatures higher than those required. Climate change is increasing temperatures in traditional areas of potato production, thereby affecting tuber yield. The International Potato Center has developed a population adapted to these new conditions, being more tolerant to high temperatures, resistant to late blight, virus PVX and/or PVY and early maturity. In breeding programs it is very important to know the parental value of the progenitors. The parental value of 34 selected potato clones was determined through general combining ability for marketable, total yield and average tuber weight under high temperatures. Using the line by tester mating design, the potato clones were crossed as lines and varieties Katahdin, Huagalina and clones CIP398098.204 and CIP302533.31 as testers. The field experiments were carried out in three locations in Peru: San Ramon, La Molina and Majes, where average temperatures at night were between 15.25 to 21.65°C, and during the day fluctuated between 21.47 to 27.20°C. We used a randomized complete block design, with three replications. At harvest the number and weight of marketable and non-marketable tubers were taken. Then the average tuber weight, marketable and total yield per hectare was calculated. 18 potato clones were identified with high parental value for marketable yield, seventeen for total tuber yield and 11 for average tuber weight; nine of them combine high parental value for the three characteristics studied. These clones with late blight resistance, heat tolerant, adapted to medium altitudes, growing period of 90 days and high parental value can be used as parents in breeding programs, to obtain new varieties under the new climate change scenarios with high temperatures. 12 crosses that presented high SCA are the most promising for the development of superior clones.
Phrasem-Konstruktionen kontrastiv Deutsch–Spanisch: ein korpusbasiertes Beschreibungsmodell anhand ironischer Vergleiche
Authors: Carmen Mellado Blanco 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the persistently sparse interlingual studies in the field of Construction Grammar, grammatical constructions are the main concern of research (Koch 2016; Boas and Ziem 2018), while constructional idioms, defined as form–meaning pairings with lexically fixed constituents and free lexical slots, have been analyzed mainly monolingually, with very few exceptions.
See, amongst others, Dobrovol’skij and Pöppel (2017), Mollica and Schafroth (2018) and Mellado Blanco et al. (forthcoming).
This lack of studies from a contrastive point of view may be related to the lexical underspecification of constructional idioms and to the difficulties in assessing their often high pragmatic potential. Against this background, the present paper aims to give impetus to the contrastive studies in the field of constructional idioms and Construction Grammar by means of the language pair German–Spanish. In order to achieve this goal, a multi-level corpus-based description method for the determination and analysis of interlingual equivalent constructional idioms at the lexicographical level was developed using five comparison parameters. The contrastive description model was successfully implemented on the comparative constructional idiom [von A so viel
verstehen/Ahnung haben/sich auskennen
wie X von/vom Y] (‘von A absolut nichts verstehen’) ([from A V to have as much understanding / knowledge as X from Y] (‘to understand absolutely nothing from A’)) and on its functionally equivalent construction in Spanish [Ventender/saber
de A lo (mismo) que/como yo de X]. Both comparative constructions are characterized by their negation value and a pronounced ironic meaning, respectively. Their intralingual description from a constructional grammatical point of view represents a further goal of this paper.
Zur Äquivalenz der minimalen lexikalisch geprägten Muster „Präposition + Substantiv“ im deutsch-slowakischen Kontrast
Authors: Peter Ďurčo , Monika Hornáček Banášová , Simona Fraštíková , Jana Tabačeková 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The paper focuses on the problems of the lexicon-grammar continuum using the example of the lexical-syntagmatic combinatorics of minimal phrases. The focus is on binary preposition + noun phrases with their recurrent collocation partners and syntagmatic context patterns. Together with other (con)textual elements, they form conventionalized and lexically stabilized patterns that have flowed together through recurrent use and repeated occurrence of related linguistic structures in various contexts. The phenomenon requires an inductive bottom-up analysis process. Statistically calculated syntagmatic profiles of selected German prepositions based on linguistic corpora serve as our analytic starting point. The German preposition–noun constructions are then subjected to a corpus-based examination in the contrast language Slovak with respect to their equivalence from the following aspects:

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individual language specifics and cross-language regularities of the lexical stabilization of individual phrases

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nature of lexical fillers in comparable patterns

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equivalence of meanings and/or functions by different contextual factors.
Word class effect in online processing of proverbs: A reaction-time study
Authors: Claudia Lückert 
Published: December 2019

AbstractProverbs (asEasy come, easy go) are a type of conventionalized multiword unit that can be used as separate, complete statements in speech or writing (Mieder 2007; Steyer 2015). The rationale of this study is to examine word class effects in online processing of proverbs. In Lückert and Boland (submitted), we reported facilitative effects associated with proverb keywords which suggests that word-level properties are active alongside properties of the level of the multiword unit. Previous research has shown that individual word classes have different effects in online language processing. Numerous studies revealed that verbs are processed more slowly (Cordier et al. 2013) and involve greater processing demands compared to nouns (Macoir et al. 2019). The results of the present study suggest that verbs rather than nouns facilitate proverb processing. A distributional analysis of word classes in proverb corpora implies a trend to prefer verbs over nouns in American English proverbs.
The effect of oxygen plasma pretreatment on the properties of mussel-inspired polydopamine-decorated polyurethane nanofibers
Authors: Ghorbani Farnaz , Zamanian Ali , Torabinejad Bahman 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this study, polyurethane (PU) scaffolds were fabricated by electrospinning technology and modified through the deposition of polydopamine (PDA) on the activated surface under oxygen plasma treatment. Herein, the effect of the modification process on the homogeneous surface coating and the changes in the physicochemical and biological properties were evaluated. Morphological observations demonstrated decoration of the nanofibrous microstructure with PDA, while the uniformity and homogeneity of the deposited layer increased after plasma oxygen treatment. Hydrophilicity measurements and swelling ratio indicated a remarkable improvement in the interaction of scaffolds with water molecules when the PDA coating is applied on the surface of the treated nanofibers. The biomineralization of the samples was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images. It was found that PDA has the capability for mineralization, and the amount of deposited hydroxyapatite increased as a function of PDA content. Thein vitroevaluation of constructs indicated great improvement in cell-scaffold interactions, biocompatibility, and alkaline phosphatase activity after coating the PDA on the plasma-modified matrix. These results suggest that PDA coating, especially after oxygen plasma treatment, improves the physicochemical andin vitroproperties of PU scaffolds for bone tissue engineering application.
An interview with Howell Tong
Authors: Jawadi Fredj 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Howell Tong (simplified Chinese: 汤家豪) is a pioneer in the field of nonlinear time series analysis, linking it with deterministic chaos. He is the father of the threshold time series models, which have extensive applications in ecology, economics, epidemiology and finance. Since October 1, 2009, he has been an Emeritus Professor at the London School of Economics and was twice (2009, 2010) holder of the Saw Swee Hock Professorship of Statistics at the National University of Singapore. He was a Distinguished Visiting Professor of Statistics at the University of Hong Kong from 2005 to 2013. He got a Master in Science degree in 1969 and a Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1972 from the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST), where he studied under Maurice Priestley. From 1999 to September 2009, Tong was Chair of Statistics at LSE and founded the Centre for the Analysis of Time Series. Between 1997 and 2004, Tong was also Chair Professor of Statistics, Founding Dean of the Graduate School and later Pro-Vice Chancellor, University of Hong Kong. He was elected a Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics in 1993, an Honorary Fellow of the Institute of Actuaries, England in 1999, and a Foreign Member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters in 2000. In 2000, he became the first statistician to win the (class II) the State Prize in Natural Sciences in China. In 2002, the University of Hong Kong gave him their then-highest award, the Distinguished Research Achievement Award, carrying with it a research grant of HK$1,000,000 per annum for three years. The Royal Statistical Society, UK, awarded him their Guy Medal in Silver in 2007 in recognition of his “…many important contributions to time series analysis over a distinguished career and in particular for his fundamental and highly influential paper ‘Threshold autoregression, limit cycles and cyclical data,’ read to the Society in 1980, which paved the way for a major body of work in non-linear time series modelling.” In 2012, the International Chinese Statistical Association awarded him the Distinguished Achievement Award. Tong is also a Distinguished Professor-at-Large at the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China in Chengdu, China, and a Distinguished Visiting Professor at Tsinghua University in Beijing, China.
Inline-Computertomographie zur automatisierten Bauteilbewertung im Takt der Fertigung
Authors: Schlotterbeck Maxim , Fritsch Carsten , Sievers Torsten , Wojek Christian 
Published: December 2019

Zusammenfassung
Der Zylinderkopf und das Kurbelgehäuse gehören zu den meist beanspruchten Gussbauteilen im Verbrennungsmotor. Die hohe Funktionsintegration und der gleichzeitige Wandel der Automobilindustrie zum Leichtbau führen zu geometrisch hochkomplexen sowie mechanisch und thermisch stark belasteten Gussbauteilen. Die Inline-Computertomographie (CT) wird eingesetzt, um die geforderte Auslieferqualität jedes Bauteils im Takt der Fertigungslinie zu garantieren.
Die Herausforderung bei der Prüfung besteht in der geringen zur Verfügung stehenden Prüfzeit. Der Takt der Fertigungsstraße, welcher teilweise weniger als eine Minute beträgt, gibt den Zeitrahmen für die Prüfung vor. Eine weitere zu bewältigende Aufgabe entsteht durch den Herstellungsprozess der Bauteile. Der eingesetzte Kokillenguss führt zu individuellen Abweichungen jedes Bauteiles von der Idealgeometrie, was den einfachen Vergleich zur Sollgeometrie unmöglich macht. Durch den Einsatz der CT-Prüfung können diese Abweichungen aufgezeigt, analysiert und bewertet werden. Die umfangreiche Analyse der Zylinderköpfe und Kurbelgehäuse in Kombination mit einem fehlenden Standard für die CT-spezifische Defektauswertung führen zu einem enorm hohen manuellen Aufwand. Der Einfluss des jeweiligen Mitarbeiters prägt dabei ein stark subjektiv beeinflusstes Prüfergebnis für jedes Bauteil.
Die im Folgenden beschriebenen Weiterentwicklungen beziehen sich auf die automatische Analyse und Bewertung durch ein Inline-CT für Zylinderköpfe. Im Ergebnis kann eine effiziente Qualitätssicherung bei gleichzeitiger Reduktion des menschlichen Einflusses bei der Bauteilbewertung erreicht werden.
The structural diversity of ginsenosides affects their cholinesterase inhibitory potential
Authors: Özturan Özer Eda , Unsal Tan Oya , Turkoglu Suna 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background/Objective
Ginsenosides, the major active components of the ginseng, are known to have various effects on nervous systems. The present study aimed to clarify the inhibition potentials of ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, Re and Rg1 on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butrylcholinesterase (BChE) activities, and to evaluate the underlying mechanisms of inhibitions provided by protein-ligand interactions considering their probable candidates of prodrug.

Materials and methods
The inhibitory mechanisms of ginsenosides related with their structural diversity were analyzed kinetically and protein-ligand interactions for both enzymes were evaluated with most potent ginsenosides, by molecular docking studies.

Results
Ginsenosides Re and Rg1, with sugar moieties attached to the C-6 and C-20 positions of core structure were found to possess the most powerful inhibitory effect on AChE and BChE activities. Molecular docking studies have been confirmed by kinetic studies. Ginsenosides having a direct interaction with amino acid residues belonging to the catalytic triad revealed the most powerful inhibition with lowest enzyme-inhibitor dissociation constant (Ki) values.

Conclusions
Ginsenosides Re and Rg1, either alone or in a specific combination, may provide beneficial effects on neurodegenerative pathologies in therapeutic terms.
The Effect of TiO2 on Engine Emissions for Gas Turbine engine Fueled with jatropha, butanol, Soya and Rapeseed Oil
Authors: Booma Devi P. , Joseph D. Raja , Gokulnath R. , Manigandan S. , Gunasekar P. , Anand T.P. Prem , Venkatesh S. , Vimal M. Rakesh 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper aims in assessing the effect of biofuel blend such as butanol, jatropha methyl ester, soya methyl ester and rapeseed methyl ester as an additive for the aviation fuel. In addition to the blends, the nanoparticle TiO2 of 3 % is added to the biofuel. The nanoparticle mixed at the concentration of 300ppm by ultrasonication process. The fuel Jet A, B27T, J27T, S27T and R27T are investigated for combustion and emission characteristics for various throttle settings in micro gas turbine engine. Addition of additives improves the ultimate property of the fuel by reducing the kinematic viscosity. The fuel blend B27T reports 25 % increase in total static thrust and 22 % reduction in thrust specific fuel consumption. From the results it is evident that, all fuel blends showed a significant reduction in emission values owing to high oxygen content. In addition, the thermal efficiency of the B27T and J27T is improved appreciably to 30 % and 10 % higher than Jet A fuel owing to the influence of the nanoparticle TiO2. On the other hand, the emissions like CO and NOx reduced drastically up to 70 % and 45 % respectively.
A Framework for Sequential Measurements and General Jarzynski Equations
Authors: Schmidt Heinz-Jürgen , Gemmer Jochen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We formulate a statistical model of two sequential measurements and prove a so-called J-equation that leads to various diversifications of the well-known Jarzynski equation including the Crooks dissipation theorem. Moreover, the J-equation entails formulations of the Second Law going back to Wolfgang Pauli. We illustrate this by an analytically solvable example of sequential discrete position–momentum measurements accompanied with the increase of Shannon entropy. The standard form of the J-equation extends the domain of applications of the standard quantum Jarzynski equation in two respects: It includes systems that are initially only in local equilibrium, and it extends this equation to the cases where the local equilibrium is described by microcanononical, canonical, or grand canonical ensembles. Moreover, the case of a periodically driven quantum system in thermal contact with a heat bath is shown to be covered by the theory presented here if the quantum system assumes a quasi-Boltzmann distribution. Finally, we shortly consider the generalised Jarzynski equation in classical statistical mechanics.
Visual Modulation of Resting State α Oscillations
Authors: Webster Kelly , Ro Tony 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOnce thought to simply reflect passive cortical idling, recent studies have demonstrated that α oscillations play a causal role in cognition and perception. However, whether and how cognitive or sensory processes modulate various components of the α rhythm is poorly understood. Sensory input and resting states were manipulated in human subjects while electroencephalography (EEG) activity was recorded in three conditions: eyes-open fixating on a visual stimulus, eyes-open without visual input (darkness), and eyes-closed without visual input (darkness). We show that α power and peak frequency increase when visual input is reduced compared to the eyes open, fixating condition. These results suggest that increases in α power reflect a shift from an exteroceptive to interoceptive state and that increases in peak frequency following restricted visual input (darkness) may reflect increased sampling of the external environment in order to detect stimuli. They further demonstrate how sensory information modulates α and the importance of selecting an appropriate resting condition in studies of α.
Zika Virus Infection in the Developing Mouse Produces Dramatically Different Neuropathology Dependent on Viral Strain
Authors: Noguchi Kevin K. , Swiney Brant S. , Williams Sasha L. , Huffman Jacob N. , Lucas Katherine , Wang Sophie H. , Kapral Kayla M. , Li Amber , Dikranian Krikor T. 
Published: December 2019

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy has been causally linked to a constellation of neurodevelopmental deformities in the fetus resulting in a disease termed congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). Here we detail how ZIKV infection produces extensive neuropathology in the developing mouse brain and spinal cord of both sexes. Surprisingly, neuropathology differs depending on viral strain with a French Polynesian isolate producing primarily excitotoxicity and a Brazilian isolate being almost exclusively apoptotic but occurring over a prolonged period that is more likely to produce severe hypoplasia. We also show exposure can produce a characteristic pattern of infection that mirrors neuropathology and ultimately results in gross morphological deformities strikingly similar to CZS. This research provides a valuable mouse model mirroring the clinical course of disease that can be used to test potential therapies to improve treatment and gain a better understanding of the disabilities associated with CZS.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTZika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy has been causally linked to a constellation of neurodevelopmental deformities in the fetus resulting in a disease termed congenital Zika syndrome. Despite its devastating effects, very little is known about how ZIKV infection produces fetal neuropathology. Here we detail the temporal progression of ZIKV infection in the mouse brain and spinal cord resulting in massive neurodegeneration of infected regions. We also report a ZIKV strain from a region of Brazil with high levels of microcephaly (abnormally small head circumference) produces particularly devastating neuropathology.
Sistema comunal, trabajo y reproducción ampliada de la vida: hacia formas alternativas de producir y vivir. Un estudio de caso en Santiago del Estero, Argentina
Authors: Suárez María Victoria 
Published: December 2019

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la complementariedad e integralidad entre los aspectos económicos, productivos y no económicos (particularmente sociales-afectivos) en Colonia Jaime, identificando el proceso cotidiano que transforma lo individual en colectivo y en qué medida esta dinámica hace posible el desarrollo de las fuerzas productivas comunales sin romper su propia esencia. El trabajo gira en torno a dos cuestiones centrales: 1) qué significa permanecer juntos para beneficiarse del trabajo común en Colonia Jaime y 2) cómo se manifiestan en el trabajo productivo cotidiano los procesos de apropiación colectiva de las herramientas y tecnologías que son por naturaleza individuales. Estas dos cuestiones entregan elementos conceptuales que permiten comprender cómo el desarrollo de las fuerzas productivas no implica necesariamente la disolución del sistema comunal, sino que por el contrario lo potencia y reafirma, aunque siempre reconociendo la presencia de contradicciones, tensiones y conflictos al interior de la propia comunidad. Colonia Jaime muestra otra forma de producir alimento y de vivir que escapa al ordenamiento que le asigna la lógica capitalista. Los ejemplos extraídos, muestran que la teoría del valor es pensada desde la coproducción y colaboración entre hombre y naturaleza y entre los mismos hombres. La estrategia metodológica reúne tres aspectos principales: análisis de fuentes documentales; entrevistas y observación participante.
Comparative apical sealing evaluation of two bioceramic endodontic sealers
Authors: Chisnoiu Radu , Moldovan Marioara , Chisnoiu Andrea , Hrab Dana , Rotaru Doina , Păstrav Ovidiu , Delean Ada 
Published: December 2019

Aim. The current study aims to evaluate, using scanning electronic microscopy, the sealing ability of two bioceramic endodontic sealers, one consecrated and one experimental.
Methods. Twenty monoradicular teeth were included in the study. The teeth were endodontically prepared at the working length. The shaping and cleaning involved the use of chelating gel MM EDTA 19% and continuous irrigation with sodium hypochlorite 2.5%. The radicular filling was performed using gutta-percha in association with a sealer. Ten teeth were filled with consecrated endodontic filling material and the others ten with the experimental bioceramic based sealer
Results. The evaluation of the sealers using SEM analysis allowed the identification and the measurement of gaps on the radicular dentin/sealer interface and the degree of apical sealing ability. No significant statistical difference was observed between the gap dimensions in the three areas for the tested bioceramic materials (p<0.005). In the apical region a homogenous layer with extensions intersecting the hybrid layer was observed when the experimental bioceramic sealer was used. In case of teeth filled with commercial sealer, peripheral hybrid extended areas were identified.
Conclusions. The two bioceramic sealers presented similar apical sealing. Gaps were identified in both sealers but also the presence of hybrid layer was identified.