bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The application of economics in the policy formulation to manage peat swamp forests as important ecosystems in climate change
Authors: Ulya N A , Nurlia A , Waluyo E A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Forest resources can provide benefits according to their capacity if there is an efficient resources allocation. Efficient allocation requires an assessment of value of benefits for the entire economy, not just financial benefits for business entities. Currently, degraded natural peat swamp forests within production forest areas are faced with the choice of being managed as natural forests, plantations forests or converted into plantations. Financial benefits are seen as more tangible and prominent benefits than economic benefits in policy formulation. This study aims to apply appropriate economic analysis methods to formulate policies for allocating forest resources efficiently. A comprehensive cost benefit analysis framework by internalizing environmental costs is used to formulate management policy of degraded natural peat swamp forest. This research is a case study in Sungai Merang-Sungai Ngirawan Peat Hydrological Unit (PHU). The results indicate that secondary peat swamp forests are more appropriately managed as secondary natural production forests rather than if it is managed as industrial plantations or converted to plantations. The use of a science framework in the practice of policy formulation is expected to support the sustainable forest development, especially in relation to climate change.
Social forestry for improving environmental quality and community welfare: a case study of Pantar Island, Alor, East Nusa Tenggara Province
Authors: Kurniadi R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Government has attempted to involve communities in state forest management to improve environment quality as well as generate the welfare of communities around the forest. However, local communities have low participation level in social forestry programs. This research aims to examine government’s implementation on social forestry programs in Pantar Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province using interview and focus group discussion methods. The result shows that two efforts are done to accelerate social forestry programs. Firstly, Government creates some groups to apply social forestry program. Secondly, Government hires Non-Government Organization (NGO) to assist community to propose state forest and to get forest management license. However, those efforts do not work properly, Consequently environmental quality and community welfare are not improved. Based our research, it is suggested for the government to supervise communities in state forest management and increase participation of communities in social forestry program through giving benefits from social forestry programs
Study of NTFP trade policy: case of coffee and porang
Authors: Effendi R , Puspitojati T , Bangsawan I , Maryani R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Coffee and porang have been cultivated for a long time ago in forest areas in Java. Policies that support the development of coffee and porang in forest areas are estimated to be inadequate. The purpose of this study is to examine: (a) the level of policy support for the development of coffee and porang in the forest areas and (b) the suitability of coffee and porang cultivation in forest areas. This analysis uses the value of weighted indicator (VWI) method for the level of support, the scoring method for the perception and parameter indicators of forest cultivation characteristic that are different from the characteristic of agricultural cultivation for the terms of cultivation practices. The research results show that 1) support from The Ministry of LHK to the development of coffee and porang in the forest areas is limited, meanwhile the support from the Regional Government and state owned forest (Perhutani) is very high. 2), The Suitability of coffee and porang cultivation in forest cultivation are: (a) coffee and porang which are planted under forest stand thrives are relatively productive. Likewise, forest tree species are in good condition with a good canopy closures. (b) The cultivation activities do not interfere to either the protective forest or wood forest production as a life support system.
Impact of trainings on knowledge, skill, behaviour and income of farmers living around peatlands: case study in Riau Province
Authors: Rahmat M , Herawati T , Rohadi D , Winarno B 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Peatlands in Indonesia have been objected to draining, burning and converting into agriculture lands causing huge greenhouse gas emissions and triggering climate change. To reduce emissions on peatland but still keep maintaining community livelihoods, farmers need to be trained with best practices on peatland uses and management. Under the Haze Free Sustainable Livelihoods Project, three trainings have been conducted, namely training on nursery and land preparation without burning, training on post harvests processing of fish and corn, and training on honeybee cultivation. The training participants are community who live in and around the Peatland Hydrological Unit of Kampar-Indragiri Rivers, Riau. An impact assessment of the completed trainings has been conducted which employe four-level evaluation model as proposed by Kirkpatrick (1994). The results indicatesthat all of the trainings improve participants’ knowledge and skill. Moreover, the honeybee cultivation training has also transformed participants’ behaviour to be more preserve and maintain nectarpollen and resin producing trees, pollen and sap. The trainings, however, are yet to affect household income although an increase of profit has been recorded on some champion participants.
Fire care community development in Batanghari District and Tanjung Jabung Timur District in Jambi Province: an overview
Authors: Budiningsih K , Setiabudi I M , Septiani AD 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study aims to describe the implementation of Fire Care Community (MPA) development and to identify related problems in Batanghari District and Tanjung Jabung Timur District, Jambi Province. For the purpose of data collection, interviewing Village Government, Brigade Fire Fighting (MA), MPA, Forest Management Unit (KPH),Technical Unit of Conservation on Natural Resources, Provincial Forestry Office, and Non-Governmental Organization are conducted. Most development of the MPA in Jambi is carried out by agencies of the Ministry of Environment and Forestry in Jambi, and several regional agencies. The obstacles on MPA development arethe limited number of personnel and budget, wide scope of work areas, and less supportive regulations. The approach that is used by these agencies in the formation of MPAs aredirectly on community groups not village institutions. This has led to deviations from the purpose of the formation of the MPA which creates a disharmonious relationship between the community and the MPA. Therefore, to strengthen better MPA management, the village approach could be an alternative for increasing the Village Government, MPA and also community in participating on fire control. This can be realized by applying a structural and participatory approach.
“Forecast” - adaptive forecast diagnostic intelligent system for vehicles
Authors: Poddubnaya A A , Keller A V 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The article contains general information about promising vehicle diagnostic systems. Existing diagnostic systems, including those built into modern vehicles (MV), are not able to predict the moment of failure of components and assemblies, but only state the fact of a malfunction. To diagnose the current state and predict the residual life of the vehicle in motion mode, a mathematical model, based on machine learning technologies and data from standard additional sensors and MV detectors, is suggested. Using this approach will make it possible to forecast the defect before its actual occurrence.
Simulation based feasibility confirmation of using hybrid powertrain system in unmanned dump trucks
Authors: Kartashov A B , Skotnikov G I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The use of medium-duty vehicles (up to 50 tons) with a simultaneous reduction in technological and operational downtime, which is achieved by automated traffic control and loading and unloading systems, as well as optimization of technological maintenance modes, can be considered a new trend in the development of mining transport. The solution that meets the requirements and current development trends is the use of medium-duty unmanned dump trucks (UDT) in the interests of the Russian coal industry. An assessment of the most important performance characteristics of UDT, such as energy efficiency indicators, is considered in this research. The purpose of the research is to confirm the feasibility of using hybrid power system (HPS) in the construction of UDT. A series HPS is considered, characterized by the use of two traction electric motors: one drives the wheels of the front axle, the second drives the wheels of the rear bogie axle. The feasibility confirmation is carried out by comparing the energy efficiency and mobility of the studied vehicle with similar, equipped with other types of powertrains by simulation methods. The presented simulation results show the efficiency of HPS application in comparison with a traditional powertrain and a mechanical transmission for UDT when driving in drive cycles similar to a given one. The use of HPS allows reducing energy consumption for motion by 20-25% due to the recovery of braking energy.
Mathematical model of an electric vehicle with a non-flat battery of photovoltaic converters
Authors: Kozlov V N , Kolbasov A F , Karpukhin K E , Katanaev N T 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
One of the major environmental problems is emissions of CO2 and other harmful substances from motor vehicles (MV). According to the tests, the most environmentally friendly MV (measurement of emissions on MVs) are electric vehicles (EV). But a low emission level can only be ensured by the use of environmentally friendly sources of electricity used to charge EV: hydroelectric power plants, wind power plants, tidal, geothermal, wave, solar power plants, etc. However, the transmission of electric energy is connected with losses. One of the ways to use them is the application of batteries of photovoltaic converters (PVC) within the EV structure as the most suitable in terms of weight and size characteristics. The use of PVC in MV is not a new idea, but due to the increase in the efficiency of PVC, their relevance becomes more obvious. Purpose of work: development of mathematical models, scientific substantiation and rationale of the calculation method of EV energy efficiency increase by enlarging the cruising range when using PVC batteries. Research methods: methods of ground MV movement theory, system design, theory of electric circuits, mathematical modeling, etc. Results: development and scientific substantiation of the calculation method for a non-flat PVC battery within the EV structure and its effect on run or mileage change. Summary: 1) the mathematical model of EV rectilinear motion on flat non-deformable horizontal ground, suitable for the study of the processes of energy exchange between the EV and PVC batteries and the effect of these processes on the mileage, has been developed; 2) the application of the calculation method for non-flat PVC batteries to be used within the EV structure has been scientifically substantiated.
Current issues of ensuring human safety in process of vehicles operation
Authors: Gaysin S V , Koutenev V F 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBased on the new cases of lung cancer registered by the World Health Organization, which number is annually increasing worldwide, development of activities and acceptance of additional emergency measures on reduction of emissions of particulate matters from wear of tyres and roadway in cities and megalopolises are necessary.The pilot studies results are given revealing the increased level of emissions of particulate matters (PM) less than 10 microns from wear of tyres and asphalt roadway, but not from exhaust gases of the vehicles with diesel engines.
Basic principles of automotive modular battery management system design
Authors: Zaitsev A. , Butarovich D. , Smirnov A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Nowadays, manufacturing of electric vehicles remains one of the most dynamically developing industries all over the globe. The issues of battery efficiency improvement by a suitable battery cell structure selection and battery control system enhancement are of the highest priority in the process of the battery design. Battery management systems (BMS) with modular structure have become the most popular as control systems in electric vehicle battery applications. The paper describes design principles of such type of BMS and necessary hardware.
Availability of the agricultural, municipal and road construction vehicle market with Russian diesel engines
Authors: Soloviev R , Cheranev S , Kolomeichenko A , Gerasimov M , Gromov V 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The paper describes the enterprises that produce or produced diesel internal combustion engines for agricultural, municipal and road construction vehicles in the Russian Federation. The main emphasis is made on engines with a capacity of up to 4400 cc and a power of up to 150 kW as the most demanded for the country. The main consumers of such combustion engines are presented. It is shown that one of the main drawbacks is the impossibility of manufacturing the component base of the required quality for the organization of production of diesel engines in Russia.
Test Methods and Equipment for Assessment of Passenger Compartment Environmental Parameters of Modern and Advanced Driverless Vehicles
Authors: Saikin A M , Buznikov S E , Zhuravlev A V , Zaytseva E P , Lebedev A V , Kuznetsov D A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
At the moment, no due attention is paid to the problem of ensuring environmental safety of passenger compartments of modern and advanced vehicles, including the driverless ones. The objective of this research is to analyze solutions to this social problem by developing, at this stage, of a new test method and equipment for assessment of parameters of passenger compartments of modern and advanced driverless vehicles.
Selection of the required deceleration for high-mobility wheeled vehicles with wear resistant brake systems
Authors: Kotiev G O , Gumerov I F , Stadukhin A A , Kositsyn B B 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Analysis of the driving cycles of the high-mobility wheeled vehicles shows that the driver tries to provide a high speed when performing maneuvers. This results in high loads both on the powerplant and the brake system. During quick changes of the driving modes, the service brake system has to dissipate a lot of energy, which may cause overheating of its working elements and changes (deterioration) in their frictional properties or their increased wear, or even a failure of the system. The article reveals the method for selection of the required deceleration of high-mobility wheeled vehicles with wear resistant brake systems providing higher speeds and considerably lower loads on the service brake system and increased life of the frictional elements. The method is based on the generation of the driving cycle, which is close to the real-life operation conditions of the high-mobility wheeled vehicles with the use of stochastic data on the roads. Thus, driving conditions are described as realizations of random functions of such external factors as the trajectory curvature, the friction coefficient between the tire and the road, and the tire rolling resistance coefficient. The driving cycle is generated with allowance for the vehicle stability, the powerplant performance, the physiological capability of the driver to withstand accelerations, and the maximum available deceleration. By varying the vehicle deceleration we can find the dependence of the vehicle average speed on its deceleration. The data obtained during the analysis helps to select the deceleration which can be effectively provided by the wear resistant brake system without the use of the service brake system. A method for selection of the wear resistant brake system characteristics with the use of stochastic data on the driving conditions. The method allows selection of the torque – speed curves of the units of a wear resistant brake system providing required mobility of the vehicle.
Selection of the torque – speed curves for the units of a wear-resistant brake system of high-mobility wheeled vehicles
Authors: Kotiev G O , Gumerov I F , Stadukhin A A , Kositsyn B B 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
With the growth of the power-to-weight ratio of the modern high-mobility wheeled vehicles, the capacity of their working brake systems is no longer sufficient for operation at the high speeds owing to high thermal loads of the brakes. In order to increase the average speed of the vehicle during the long-term downslope decelerations, as well as at the intensive use of the wheel brakes it is necessary to use additional devices – exhaust and retarder brakes. This kind of devices include the exhaust brake installed inside the internal combustion engine and the transmission hydro- and electrodynamic brakes (retarder brakes). The use of an electric machine operating in generator mode for storing the braking energy in an electric storage device is also a promising option. The combination of such additional devices is called “a wear-resistant brake system”. The research is focused on the selection of the torque – speed curves of a wear-resistant brake system providing higher average speeds of the wheeled vehicles and lower loads of the working brake system. Selection of the torque – speed curves of the units of a wear-resistant brake system is carried out by the analysis of the wheeled vehicle operation in different driving cycles which are close to its real operation cycles. These cycles are usually generated for a stationary case with the use of a quasi-stationary mathematical model of the vehicle motion. In the model, the vehicle – terrain interaction is described by means of the equations of the vehicle motion including stochastically generated roads. The analysis of the vehicle operation in different driving cycles provides stochastic data on the loads of the wear-resistant brake system as a whole, which allow selecting the torque – speed curves of its units depending on their operational features. The proposed method provides selection of the required torque – speed curves of the wear-resistant brake system units: the internal combustion engine (operating in the brake mode), the electric machine, and the retarder. Selection of the parameters of the electric machine is the first step for the solution of the next important problem – selection of the required capacity of the electric energy storage device. The results of the analysis provide selection of such combination of the characteristics for each unit of the wear-resistant brake system that will ensure the required deceleration of the vehicle.
Legal regulation in the field of automated automobile transport and road tests of autonomous vehicles
Authors: Kotliarenko V I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Increase in demand for transportation services, on the one hand, stimulates development of the road network and construction of new objects of the transport infrastructure providing necessary transport system capacity, on the other hand, it stimulates development of new technologies allowing increase of human mobility, comfort and safety of vehicle driving. In these conditions, a great significance is acquired by development of intelligent transport systems (hereinafter referred to as the ITS) representing, on the one hand, means of connection, control and management built in the vehicles and objects of transport infrastructure, and on the other hand, means of control and fast decision-making based on the information received in real-time mode and available to transport operators and transport service users. ITS development has resulted in emergence of autonomous (driverless) vehicles. Considering the issues that the transport complex faces, it seems that driverless vehicles will be able to provide substantial help in solving them, for example by eliminating the human factor from transportation process. Creation of driverless vehicles is impossible without development of a unified approach to forming a legal and technical framework for their practical implementation. The abovementioned framework may be divided on a provisional basis into regulatory technical and legal ones. In the process of creating driverless vehicles, development testing on public roads is of great importance. Such tests cannot be replaced by research at closed proving grounds where it is impossible to recreate the whole range of rapidly changing driving conditions of the actual use. The existing legal framework in the Russian Federation and in a number of foreign countries allows testing highly automated and fully automated vehicles on public roads.
Adaptation of a universal method for assessing the strength and durability of suspension elements applicable to an unmanned vehicle
Authors: Nazarkov I , Bokarev A , Bakhmutov S V 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Ensuring the required vehicle life is one of the most important global engineering challenges. Checking the fatigue life, first of all, is carried out separately for components, electronic and mechanical systems of the car by the bench test method, and the next step is to check the fatigue life of the car assembled by the road test method. The most urgent task is to check the strength and durability of the car chassis in the early stages of design. Currently, the mandatory and classic approach of all leading automakers when designing a car at the stage of a technical project is to apply the methodology for checking the vehicle’s steering suspension device and its power structure on multi-channel stands, and the hub assembly verification methodology is separately applied. [1] This paper describes the basic principles of the hub assembly methodology checking to be applied to any motor vehicle. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the versatility of the developed methodology for assessing the strength and durability of suspension elements. Substantiated adaptation (adjustment) of the forced load cycle of a passenger car of class M1, M2 is offered to an unmanned vehicle.
Real-time diagnostic complex of automated car active safety system unit
Authors: Dygalo V G , Keller A V 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The article is concerned with the created variety of methods of drivegear active safety car system test. The analysis of factors of electronic control stability system test is displayed, as well as main disadvantages and test factors, characteristics and general terms. The system description is indicated, which gives opportunity to test active safety system. In the same way, it is possible to solve the problem of timely risk detection for key components, assemblies, and vehicle systems. And if in the traditional Driver-Car system an experienced driver can “feel” a possible malfunction, then an unmanned car has nothing but its own systems. In this case, it becomes obvious that on-board equipment is needed that monitors the state of the braking system and ABS in real time. As described above, the existing on-board diagnostic equipment does not provide the necessary information. The introduction of an additional diagnostic complex will allow tracking and detecting system failures. This system can be used with a “digital twin”