bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Results of a PREM to measure the rare disease patients’ caregivers experience: A Spanish cross-sectional study
Authors: Mora Mercedes Guilabert , Martínez-García Alba , Sala-González Marina , Solas Olga , Mira José Joaquín 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective To measure the experience of the person suffering from a rare disease in order to identify objectives for optimal care in the health care received by these patients. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Spain involving patients associated with the Spanish Rare Diseases Federation [Federación Española de Enfermedades Raras] (FEDER). A modified version of the PREM IEXPAC instrument was used (IEXPAC-rare-diseases). Scores ranged between 0 (worst experience) and 10 (best experience).Results A total of 261 caregivers (in the case of paediatric population) and patients with rare diseases (response rate 54.4%) replied. Most males, 227 (87%), with an average age of 38 (SD 13.6) years. The mean time since confirmation of diagnosis was 7.8 (SD 8.0) years. The score in this PREM was 3.5 points out to 10 (95%CI 3.2-3.8, SD 2.0). Caregivers of paediatric patients scored higher, except for coordination of social and healthcare services.Conclusions There are wide and important areas for improvement in the care of patients with rare diseases. This study involves a first assesment of the experience of patients with rare diseases in Spain.
Pre-stroke adherence to a Mediterranean diet pattern is associated with lower acute ischemic stroke severity: A cross-sectional analysis of a prospective hospital-register study
Authors: Mazzon Enrico , Lavados Pablo M. , Rojo Alexis , Brunser Alejandro M. , Olavarría Verónica V. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: High adherence to a Mediterranean Diet is associated with reduced incidence and mortality of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) but may also be associated with severity.
Aim : To investigate the association of adherence to a Mediterranean diet and severity in a prospective hospital register of AIS patients.
Methods: We included AIS patients admitted from February 2017 to July 2019. All were assessed by a neurologist with a standard stroke protocol, including NIHSS. Adherence to Mediterranean diet was prospectively measured by the 14-point Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) and defined as low (0-6 points) or high (7-14 points). Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared by group with univariate analysis. A Generalized Linear Model (GLM) was used to investigate the association of admission NIHSS as a continuous ordinal variable and an ordinal logistic regression (OLR) analysis to determine the independent association of the NIHSS quartiles with adherence to Mediterranean diet.
Results: 368 patients were included, mean age 68.3 (17.7), 158 (42.9%) females. The median NIHSS score was 3 (IQR 1-9) and the median MEDAS score was 6 (IQR 4.5-8). Patients with high MEDAS scores had significantly lower; admission NIHSS scores, sedentary lifestyle, body mass index, total and LDL cholesterol levels, but higher alcohol consumption. After adjustments, high adherence to Mediterranean diet remained independently associated with lower stroke severity both in the GLM (p=0.03) and in the OLR model (OR for lower quartiles 0.89; 95% CI 0.82-0.97).
Conclusions: Higher pre-stroke adherence to a Mediterranean diet is independently associated with lower AIS severity.
An exploration of the complex biogeographical history of the Neotropical banner-wing damselflies (Odonata: Polythoridae)
Authors: Herrera Melissa Sanchez , Beatty Christopher , Nunes Renato , Salazar Camilo , Ware Jessica L 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The New World Tropics has experienced a dynamic landscape across evolutionary history and harbors a high diversity of flora and fauna. While there are some studies addressing diversification in Neotropical vertebrates and plants, there is still a lack of knowledge in arthropods. Here we examine temporal and spatial diversification patterns in the damselfly family Polythoridae; which comprises seven genera with a total of 58 species distributed across much of Central and South America.Results: Our time-calibrated phylogeny for 48 species suggests that this family radiated during the early Eocene (~56 Ma), diversifying during the middle Eocene. As with other neotropical groups, the Most Recent Common Ancestor (MRCA) of most of the Polythoridae genera has a primary origin in the Northern Andes though the MRCA of at least one genus may have appeared in the Amazon Basin. Diversification rates have been uniform in all genera except one—Polythore—where a significant increase in the late Pliocene (~3 mya) correlates with mountain uplift. While our molecular clock suggests correlations with some major geographical events, our biogeographical modeling (with BioGeoBEARS and RASP) found little influence of the formation of the Pebas and Acre systems or Andean mountain building, possibly due to the short branch lengths in our time-dated phylogeny, or perhaps to climatic variability during the period in question. Conclusion: The biogeographical models implemented here were unable to explain the effect of South American major geological events (i.e Pebas and Acre systems, Andes uplift) on the diversification of this damselfly family; while diversification in the tree shows some correlation with mountain building events, it is possible that other abiotic and biotic changes during our study period have influenced diversification as well. The high diversification rate observed in Polythore could be explained by the late uplift of the Northern Andes. However, it is possible that other intrinsic factors like sexual and natural selection acting on color patterns could be involved in the diversification of this genus.
Children’s physical activity level and sedentary behavior in Norwegian early childhood education and care: effects of a staff-led cluster-randomized controlled trial
Authors: Andersen Eivind , Øvreås Steinar , Jørgensen Kari Anne , Borch-Jenssen Janne , Moser Thomas 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggest that the children’s physical activity (PA) level in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings are insufficient. Since most children attend ECEC settings for many hours on most days of the week, and these institutions reach children across the socioeconomic spectrum, the ECEC settings may serve as an ideal avenue for increasing physical activity (PA) level, reduce sedentary time and enhance the overall health of young children. This paper investigates the effectiveness of the “Active Kindergarten – Active Children” study to increase children’s PA level and reduce sedentary time within the ECEC setting.Accelerometers were used to asses PA and sedentary time. A total of 116 four-year olds took part in a randomized controlled trial in 11 ECEC settings. Participants were cluster-randomized, by ECEC setting, to either a 12 week staff-led and expert-supported intervention or a waiting list control group. The intervention group increased time spent in moderate- and vigorous intensity PA by 10 min/day (95% CI = 3, 18; P=0.01), took 1909 more steps per day (95% CI = 1130, 2688; P˂0.01) and reduced sedentary time with 14min/day (95% CI = -27, -1; P=0.04) compared to the control group. The intervention group had a 2.4 higher odds (95% CI = 1.05, 5.7; P = 0.04) of meeting the PA recommendations compared to the control group at follow-up.Our results show that a flexible staff-led and expert-supported multicomponent PA intervention can increase total PA level, moderate- and vigorous intensity PA and reduce time spent sedentary in four-year-old children during their stay in ECEC settings.
Features of alternative splicing in stomach adenocarcinoma and their clinical implication: A research based on massive sequencing data
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Niu Qian , Han Yun , Liu Xingyu , Jiang Jie , Chen Simiao , Lin Haolong 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Alternative splicing (AS) offers a main mechanism to form protein polymorphism. A growing body of evidence indicates the correlation between splicing disorders and carcinoma. Nevertheless, an overall analysis of AS signatures in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is absent and urgently needed. Methods: Within this work, genetic expression and clinical data of STAD were queried from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and profiles of AS events were searched from the SpliceSeq database. Cox regression analysis found survival associated AS events. Finally, the splicing network was constructed to reflect the correlation between survival associated AS events and splicing factors (SF). Results: 2042 splicing events were confirmed as prognostic molecular events. Furthermore, the final prognostic signature constructed by 10 AS events gave good result with an area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve up to 0.902 for 5 years, showing high potency in predicting patient outcome. We built the splicing regulatory network to show the internal regulation mechanism of splicing events in STAD. QKI may play a significant part in the prognosis induced by splicing events. Conclusions: In our study, a high-efficiency prognostic prediction model was built for STAD patients, and the results showed that AS events could become potential prognostic biomarkers for STAD. Meanwhile, QKI may become an important target for drug design in the future.
Interprofessional Communication (IPC) for Medical Students: A Scoping Review
Authors: Bok Chermaine , Ng Cheng Han , Koh Jeffery Wei Heng , Ong Zhi Hao , Ghazali Haziratul Zakirah Binte , Tan Lorraine Hui En , Ong Yun Ting , Cheong Clarissa Wei Shuen , Chin Annelissa Mien Chew , Mason Stephen , Krishna Lalit 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND Interprofessional communication (IPC) improves patient care, cost efficiency and improves teamwork among healthcare professionals. For medical students IPC training is crucial to navigating complex healthcare practices yet there is little consistency to IPC training. This scoping review looks at IPC training approaches for medical students to improve preparedness for clinical practice.METHODS Arksey and O’Malley (2005) framework for scoping review was used to guide this review of articles on IPC training for medical students published between 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2017 in PubMed, ScienceDirect, JSTOR, Google Scholar, ERIC, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, Mednar and OpenGrey. A ‘split approach’ that sees concurrent independent use of a directed content analysis and Braun and Clarke’s approach to thematic approach was employed by different members of the research team to scrutinize the data.RESULTS 17,493 titles and abstracts were found, 250 full-text articles were reviewed and 70 full text articles were included. The ‘split approach’ to analysis forwarded similar themes that corresponded with the different levels of Miller’s Pyramid. These were “Knows”, “Knows How”, “Shows how” and “Does”. Each stage involves particular training modalities and context appropriate modes of assessments to measure medical students’ competency levels. IPC training was found to be well received, positive, increased students’ understanding and practice of communication. Obstacles to IPC training include scheduling constraints, inexperienced and untrained teachers, and initial anxiety and adjustment for students.CONCLUSIONS This scoping review reveals IPC training to be competency and assessment based, and dependent upon learning objectives and a clear alignment of expectations. Faculty training, a conducive learning environment tailored to the learner, and effective assessment methods at each training stage are crucial to the success of IPC training. Further evaluations are recommended to ensure the translatability of these findings to other medical specialities and other healthcare professions.
The association between psychological characteristics and physical activity levels in people with knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Uritani Daisuke , Kasza Jessica , Campbell Penny K. , Metcalf Ben , Egerton Thorlene 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between psychological characteristics and physical activity levels, measured as the average number of steps per day, in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA).Methods This study analysed baseline data from a randomized controlled trial. A total of 167 adults aged over 50 years, with knee pain rated as four or more on an 11-point numeric rating scale, and knee OA diagnosed using American College of Rheumatology clinical criteria, were recruited from the community (62 men and 105 women; mean age, 62.2 ± 7.5 years). The average number of steps per day over seven consecutive days was measured using an accelerometer-based device. Psychological characteristics evaluated were: depressive symptoms (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale), self-efficacy (Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale for pain and other symptoms), fear of movement (Brief Fear of Movement Scale for Osteoarthritis), and pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale). Pain catastrophizing was only collected from 130 people. The association between the average number of steps per day and psychological characteristics was analyzed using a linear regression model, with the average number of steps per day as the dependent variable, adjusting for each psychological characteristic separately, and age, sex, body mass index, and pain entered as covariates.Results There was evidence that the amount of physical activity was associated with fear of movement (coefficient [B]: -133, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: -257 to -8) and with pain catastrophizing (B: -44, 95%CI: -86 to -1). The association with self-efficacy was similar (B:153, 95%CI: -2 to 308). However, the direction of the association with depressive symptoms was less clear (B:75, 95%CI: -165 to 14).Conclusions The results of this study revealed that the relationship was such that lower fear of movement and lower pain catastrophizing may be associated with more steps per day. It may be hypothesized that fear of moving and pain catastrophizing lead to activity avoidance and that strategies to improve these disease-related psychological aspects may be useful in enhancing physical activity participation, although this hypothesis is highly speculative and needs further testing given the cross-sectional design of this study.
The risk of fracture and prevalence of osteoporosis is elevated in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: data from a single Hungarian center
Authors: Vincze Anett , Bodoki Levente , Szabó Katalin , Nagy-Vincze Melinda , Szalmás Orsolya , Dankó Katalin , Gaál János , Griger Zoltan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: The prevalence of osteoporosis and risk of fractures is elevated in rheumatoid arthritis, but we have little information about the bone mineral density and fracture risk in patients with inflammatory myopathies. We intended to ascertain and compare fracture risk, bone mineral density (BMD) and the prevalence of vertebral fractures in patients with inflammatory myositis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to assess the effect of prevalent fractures on the quality of life and functional capacity. Methods: Fifty-two patients with myositis and 43 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were included in the study. Fracture Risk was determined using FRAX® Calculation Tool developed by the University of Sheffield. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and bidirectional thoracolumbar radiographs were performed to assess BMD and vertebral fractures. Quality of life was measured with Short Form-36 (SF-36) and physical function assessment was performed using Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). Results: We found a significantly elevated fracture risk in RA compared to myositis patients if the risk assessment was performed without the application of the BMD results. If BMD results and glucocorticoid dose adjustment were taken into account, the differences in fracture risk were no longer significant. The prevalence of osteoporosis was found to be significantly higher in the myositis group (7% vs. 13.5%, p: 0,045), but the fracture prevalence was similar in the two groups (75% vs. 68%). The fractures rates were associated with age in both groups, but not with cumulative dose of steroid and BMD results correlated with fracture prevalence only in the RA patients. The number of prevalent fractures was significantly correlated to poorer physical function in both groups, and poorer health status in the myositis group, but not in the RA group. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that inflammatory myopathies carry significantly elevated risk for osteoporosis and fractures. This higher risk is comparable to one detected with RA in studies and strongly affects the physical function and quality of life of patients. Therefore further efforts are required to make the fracture risk assessment reliable and to facilitate the use early preventive treatments.
The Influence of Hydrogen Atoms on the Performance of Radial Distribution Function-Based Descriptors in the Chemoinformatic Studies of HIV-1 Protease Complexes with Inhibitors
Authors: Novak Jurica , Grishina Maria A. , Potemkin Vladimir A. 
Published: January 2020

Aims::
The aim of this letter is to explore the influence of adding hydrogen atoms to the
crystallographic structures of HIV-1 protease complexes with a series of inhibitors on the performance
of radial distribution function based descriptors recently introduced in chemoinformatic studies.

Background::
Quite recently the successful application of molecular descriptors based on a radial
distribution function to correlate it with biologically interesting properties of a ligand – enzyme
complex was demonstrated. Except its predictive power, the analysis of atoms with dominant contributions
to the RDFs can be used to identify relevant atoms and interactions. Since original paper
was published on dataset consisting of the X-ray structures of complexes without hydrogen atoms,
we wonder weather addition of light atoms can provide us new piece of information.

Objective::
The primarily objective is to create the model correlating the RDF based descriptors
and physicochemical properties of the HIV-1 protease complexes with inhibitors with hydrogen
atoms. Then, we will compare the performance of new model with previous one, where the hydrogen
atoms were discarded. Information about interactions between the enzyme and the inhibitors
will be extracted from the analysis of the RDF.

Methods::
The radial distribution function descriptor weighted by the number of valence shell electrons
has proven to be sensitive to the changes in the structure of the enzyme and enzyme-ligand
complexes. For each structure in our data set, RDF will be calculated and using multiple linear regression
method the mathematical model will be designed correlating RDF based descriptors and
the physicochemical properties. Statistical analysis of the atom’s contribution to the total RDF will
reveal relevant interactions.

Results::
The applicability of RDF based descriptor for the correlation with pKi and EC50 values is
demonstrated, while simple models containing only two or three parameters are able to explain 78
and 86 % of the variance, respectively. The models with explicitly included hydrogens are of
comparable quality with the previous models without hydrogens. The analysis of the atom’s dominant
contributions highlighted the importance of the hydroxyl groups of the inhibitor near the
Asp25 and Asp25’ residues when it is bounded to the protease.

Conclusion::
Models based on the RDF weighted by the number of valence shell electrons for correlating
small number of molecular descriptors and physicocehmical properties for structures with
and without hydrogens are of comparable quality and both can be used for identification of relevant
functional groups and interactions.

Other::
Our approach can be integrated to the next generation virtual screening methods, because is
fast, reliable with high predictability potential.
Synthesis and Assessment of Novel Anti-chlamydial Benzylidene Acylhydrazides Derivatives
Authors: Bao Xiaofeng , Xue Ying , Xia Chao , Lu Yin , Yang Ningjing , Zhao Yu 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Chlamydiae, characterized by a unique biphasic life cycle, are a group of
Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens responsible for diseases in a range of hosts
including humans. Benzylidene acylhydrazide CF0001 could inhibit chlamydiae independent of
iron starvation and T3SS inhibition. This finding promoted us to design and synthesize more benzylidene
acylhydrazides to find novel anti-chlamydial agents.

Methods:
The carboxylic acids 1a-1d were coupled with Boc-hydrazide inpresence of EDCI and
DMAP to obtain the intermediate 2a-2d in 60-62% yields. N-Boc deprotections were performed to
obtain hydrazide hydrochloride salt 3a-3d. Nextly, the hydrazides were subjected to condensation
with aldehydes to obtain benzylidene acylhydrazides 4a-4g in 30-52% yields in two steps.

Results:
Compound 4d exhibited best inhibitory effect on the formation and growth of chlamydial
inclusions. The IC50 value of compound 4d for infectious progenies was 3.55 µM, better than 7.30
µM of CF0001.

Conclusion:
To find novel anti-chlamydial agents, we have designed and synthesized benzylidene
acylhydrazides 4a-4g. Compounds 4a, 4d, 4g showed inhibitory activity on C. muridarum with the
IC50 values from 3.55-12 µM. The 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyl substitutes on ring B are critical to keep
their anti-chlamydial activity. Compound 4d inhibited C. muridarum in a dose-dependent manner
without apparent cytotoxicity.
Design of Potential IKK-β Inhibitors using Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Techniques for their Anti-cancer Potential
Authors: Singh Salam P. , Hussain Iftikar , Konwar Bolin K. , Deka Ramesh C. , Singh Chingakham B. 
Published: January 2020

Aim and Objective:
To evaluate a set of seventy phytochemicals for their potential ability
to bind the inhibitor of nuclear factor kappaB kinase beta (IKK-β) which is a prime target for
cancer and inflammatory diseases.

Materials and Methods:
Seventy phytochemicals were screened against IKK-β enzyme using
DFT-based molecular docking technique and the top docking hits were carried forward for molecular
dynamics (MD) simulation protocols. The ADME-Toxicity analysis was also carried out for
the top docking hits.

Results:
Sesamin, matairesinol and resveratrol were found to be the top docking hits with a total
score of -413 kJ/mol, -398.11 kJ/mol and 266.73 kJ/mol, respectively. Glu100 and Gly102 were
found to be the most common interacting residues. The result from MD simulation observed a
stable trajectory with a binding free energy of -107.62 kJ/mol for matairesinol, -120.37 kJ/mol for
sesamin and -40.56 kJ/mol for resveratrol. The ADME-Toxicity prediction observed that these
compounds fall within the permissible area of Boiled-Egg and it does not violate any rule for
pharmacological criteria, drug-likeness etc.

Conclusion:
The study interprets that dietary phytochemicals are potent inhibitors of IKK-β enzyme
with favorable binding affinity and less toxic effects. In fact, there is a gradual rise in the use
of plant-derived molecules because of its lesser side effects compared to chemotherapy. The study
has also provided an insight by which the phytochemicals inhibited the IKK-β enzyme. The
investigation would also provide in understanding the inhibitory mode of certain dietary
phytochemicals in treating cancer.