bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of recent advances in climate change detection and attribution studies: a large-scale hydroclimatological perspective
Authors: Sonali P. , Nagesh Kumar D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe rapid changes in global average surface temperature have unfathomed influences on human society, environment, ecosystem, availability of food and fresh water. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that warming of the climate system is unequivocal, and human-induced effects are playing an enhanced role in climate change. It is of utmost importance to ascertain the hydroclimatological changes in order to ascertain the characteristics of detection and attribution (D&A) of human-induced anthropogenic influences on recent warming. Climate change D&A are interrelated. Their study enhances our understanding about the rudimentary causes leading to climate changes and hence, considered as a decisive element in all Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Assessment Reports. An extensive discussion of the concerned scientific literature on climate change D&A is indispensably needed for the scientific community to assess climate change threats in clear terms. This study has reviewed various processes and advances in climate change D&A analyses at global/regional scales during the past few decades. Regression-based optimal fingerprint approach is majorly employed in climate change D&A studies. The accumulation of inferences presented in this study from numerous studies could be extremely helpful for the scientific community and policymakers as they deal with climate change adaptation and mitigation challenges.
Impact of Intensive Care Unit Readmissions on Patient Outcomes and the Evaluation of the National Early Warning Score to Prevent Readmissions: Literature Review
Authors: Mcneill Heidi , Khairat Saif 
Published: February 2020

BackgroundIntensive care unit (ICU) readmissions have been shown to increase a patient’s in-hospital mortality and length of stay (LOS). Despite this, no methods have been set in place to prevent readmissions from occurring.ObjectiveThe aim of this literature review was to evaluate the impact of ICU readmission on patient outcomes and to evaluate the effect of using a risk stratification tool, the National Early Warning Score (NEWS), on ICU readmissions.MethodsA database search was performed on PubMed, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. In the initial search, 2028 articles were retrieved; after inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, 12 articles were ultimately used in this literature review.ResultsThis literature review found that patients readmitted to the ICU have an increased mortality rate and LOS at the hospital. The sample sizes in the reviewed studies ranged from 158 to 745,187 patients. Readmissions were most commonly associated with respiratory issues about 18% to 59% of the time. The NEWS has been shown to detect early clinical deterioration in a patient within 24 hours of transfer, with a 95% CI of 0.89 to 0.94 (P<.001), a sensitivity of 93.6% , and a specificity of 82.2%.ConclusionsICU readmissions are associated with worse patient outcomes, including hospital mortality and increased LOS. Without the use of an objective screening tool, the provider has been solely responsible for the decision of patient transfer. Assessment with the NEWS could be helpful in decreasing the frequency of inappropriate transfers and ultimately ICU readmission.
Improving Retention in Care and Promoting Adherence to HIV Treatment: Protocol for a Multisite Randomized Controlled Trial of Mobile Phone Text Messaging
Authors: Tanue Elvis Asangbeng , Nsagha Dickson Shey , Theophile Nana Njamen , Assob Jules Clement Nguedia 
Published: February 2020

Background
The World Health Organization has prioritized the use of new technologies to assist in health care delivery in resource-limited settings. Findings suggest that the use of SMS on mobile phones is an advantageous application in health care delivery, especially in communities with an increasing use of this device.

Objective
The main aim of this trial is to assess whether sending weekly motivational text messages (SMS) through mobile phones versus no text messaging will improve retention in care and promote adherence to treatment and health outcomes among patients receiving HIV treatment in Fako Division of Cameroon.

Methods
This is a multisite randomized controlled single-blinded trial. Computer-generated random block sizes shall be used to produce a randomization list. Participants shall be randomly allocated into the intervention and control groups determined by serially numbered sealed opaque envelopes. The 156 participants will either receive the mobile phone text message or usual standard of care. We hypothesize that sending weekly motivational SMS reminders will produce a change in behavior to enhance retention; treatment adherence; and, hence, health outcomes. Participants shall be evaluated and data collected at baseline and then at 2, 4, and 6 months after the launch of the intervention. Text messages shall be sent out, and the delivery will be recorded. Primary outcome measures are retention in care and adherence to treatment. Secondary outcomes are clinical (weight, body mass index), biological (virologic suppression, tuberculosis coinfection), quality of life, treatment discontinuation, and mortality. The analysis shall be by intention-to-treat. Analysis of covariates shall be performed to determine factors influencing outcomes.

Results
Recruitment and random allocation are complete; 160 participants were allocated into 3 groups (52 in the single SMS, 55 in the double SMS, and 53 in the control). Data collection and analysis are ongoing, and statistical results will be available by the end of August 2019.

Conclusions
The interventions will contribute to an improved understanding of which intervention types can be feasible in improving retention in care and promoting adherence to antiretroviral therapy.

Trial Registration
Pan African Clinical Trial Registry in South Africa PACTR201802003035922; https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=3035

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/15680
Mobile App to Improve House Officers’ Adherence to Advanced Cardiac Life Support Guidelines: Quality Improvement Study
Authors: Hejjaji Vittal , Malik Ali O , Peri-Okonny Poghni A , Thomas Merrill , Tang Yuanyuan , Wooldridge David , Spertus John A , Chan Paul S 
Published: February 2020

Background
Effective and timely delivery of cardiac arrest interventions during in-hospital cardiac arrest resuscitation is associated with greater survival. Whether a mobile app that provides timely reminders of critical interventions improves adherence to Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) guidelines among house officers, who may lack experience in leading resuscitations, remains unknown.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a commercially available, dynamic mobile app on house officers’ adherence to ACLS guidelines.

Methods
As part of a quality improvement initiative, internal medicine house officers were invited to participate and randomized to lead 2 consecutive cardiac arrest simulations, one with a novel mobile app and one without a novel mobile app. All simulations included 4 cycles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation with different cardiac arrest rhythms and were video recorded. The coprimary end points were chest compression fraction and number of correct interventions in each simulation. The secondary end point was incorrect interventions, defined as interventions not indicated by the 2015 ACLS guidelines. Paired t tests compared performance with and without the mobile app.

Results
Among 53 house officers, 26 house officers were randomized to lead the first simulation with the mobile app, and 27 house officers were randomized to do so without the app. Use of the mobile app was associated with a higher number of correct ACLS interventions (out of 7; mean 6.2 vs 5.1; absolute difference 1.1 [95% CI 0.6 to 1.6]; P<.001) as well as fewer incorrect ACLS interventions (mean 0.3 vs 1.0; absolute difference –0.7 [95% CI –0.3 to –1.0]; P<.001). Simulations with the mobile app also had a marginally higher chest compression fraction (mean 90.9% vs 89.0%; absolute difference 1.9% [95% CI 0.6% to 3.4%]; P=.007).

Conclusions
This proof-of-concept study suggests that this novel mobile app may improve adherence to ACLS protocols, but its effectiveness on survival in real-world resuscitations remains unknown.
Integrated Care Intervention Supported by a Mobile Health Tool for Patients Using Noninvasive Ventilation at Home: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Baltaxe Erik , Embid Cristina , Aumatell Eva , Martínez María , Barberan-Garcia Anael , Kelly John , Eaglesham John , Herranz Carmen , Vargiu Eloisa , Montserrat Josep Maria , Roca Josep , Cano Isaac 
Published: February 2020

Background
Home-based noninvasive ventilation has proven cost-effective. But, adherence to therapy still constitutes a common clinical problem. We hypothesized that a behavioral intervention supported by a mobile health (mHealth) app could enhance patient self-efficacy. It is widely accepted that mHealth-supported services can enhance productive interactions among the stakeholders involved in home-based respiratory therapies.

Objective
This study aimed to measure changes in self-efficacy in patients with chronic respiratory failure due to diverse etiologies during a 3-month follow-up period after the intervention. Ancillary objectives were assessment of usability and acceptability of the mobile app as well as its potential contribution to collaborative work among stakeholders.

Methods
A single-blind, single-center, randomized controlled trial was conducted between February 2019 and June 2019 with 67 adult patients with chronic respiratory failure undergoing home-based noninvasive ventilation. In the intervention group, a psychologist delivered a face-to-face motivational intervention. Follow-up was supported by a mobile app that allowed patients to report the number of hours of daily noninvasive ventilation use and problems with the therapy. Advice was automatically delivered by the mobile app in case of a reported problem. The control group received usual care. The primary outcome was the change in the Self Efficacy in Sleep Apnea questionnaire score. Secondary outcomes included app usability, app acceptability, continuity of care, person-centered care, and ventilatory parameters.

Results
Self-efficacy was not significantly different in the intervention group after the intervention (before: mean 3.4, SD 0.6; after: mean 3.4, SD 0.5, P=.51). No changes were observed in adherence to therapy nor quality of life. Overall, the mHealth tool had a good usability score (mean 78 points) and high acceptance rate (mean score of 7.5/10 on a Likert scale). It was considered user-friendly (mean score of 8.2/10 on a Likert scale) and easy to use without assistance (mean score of 8.5/10 on a Likert scale). Patients also scored the perception of continuity of care and person-centered care as high.

Conclusions
The integrated care intervention supported by the mobile app did not improve patient self-management. However, the high acceptance of the mobile app might indicate potential for enhanced communication among stakeholders. The study identified key elements required for mHealth tools to provide effective support to collaborative work and personalized care.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03932175; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03932175
Análisis experimental del desempeño de un sistema solar fotovoltaico con inversor centralizado y con microinversores: caso de estudio Manizales
Authors: Cortés Cortés Claudia Lucía , Gómez Gómez Gloria Stephany , Betancur Londoño Felipe , Carvajal Quintero Sandra Ximena , Guerrero González Neil 
Published: February 2020

La generación de electricidad amigable con el medio ambiente es un factor fundamental para el crecimiento económico y social de cualquier país. Recientemente la instalación de sistemas de generación fotovoltaicos se ha incrementado a nivel local, aunque su rendimiento depende del lugar de instalación y se ve afectado por diversos parámetros ambientales como la radiación, la temperatura y la precipitación. En el presente trabajo se lleva a cabo un análisis experimental del rendimiento, en términos de potencia generada, de un sistema solar fotovoltaico con inversor centralizado y con microinversores, instalado en la ciudad de Manizales, ubicada a 2.150 m s.n.m., temperatura promedio de 16.4 °C y precipitación de 1.878 mm al año. Históricamente, este municipio presenta dos periodos de tiempo lluviosos con alta nubosidad entre los meses de abril – junio y octubre – diciembre, y dos periodos de tiempo menos lluviosos entre los meses de enero–marzo y julio–septiembre.
Para el experimento se implementó un sistema de generación solar fotovoltaico conformado por seis paneles solares marca Hybrytec con 270 W de potencia de generación cada uno, y dos sistemas de monitoreo – (i) Wifi – Box® para el arreglo fotovoltaico con inversor centralizado y (ii) EnvoyTM para el arreglo fotovoltaico con microinversores. Los parámetros ambientales recolectados por la estación meteorológica La Nubia, ubicada en los alrededores del sistema solar, y los datos recolectados por los sistemas de monitoreo implementados son analizados en el periodo de tiempo comprendido entre los meses de julio de 2018 y mayo de 2019. Se observa y se concluye que, a pesar de los altos niveles de precipitación promedio acumulada mensual (entre 71 mm y 262,2 mm) y los altos niveles de nubosidad (nublado o mayormente nublado el 76 % del tiempo), el arreglo fotovoltaico con microinversores presenta un 16,5 % de energía generada por encima del arreglo con inversor centralizado.
The Innovation Strategy and Effects in Organizational Learning: The Manufacturing Sector in Colombia
Authors: Vélez Osorio Iris María 
Published: February 2020

Purpose To understand how innovation strategy measure by organizational methods and technology equipment, affects to organizational learning measure by improvement in production, distribution and logistics systems. MethodologyThis is an empirical analysis of the innovation strategy and organizational learning, concentrating on 8835 manufacturing companies in 33 subsectors with innovative processes, investment in research and development, better organizational methods and technology equipment, using databases from the National Department of Statistics-DANE. Multiple Regression. Software SPSS. Findings: An industry with an innovation strategy tends to get better and improved processes, and this learning allows firms to achieve value creation for the customer, turning into better types of products offered with unique characteristics to compete in the challenging markets. Where the greatest improvement in methods of production, distribution, delivery and logistics will be the result of a very well manage innovation, to more innovation strategy more organizational learning. Research Limitations:The type of innovations in process were heterogeneous and the data do not allow to clarify specific improvement and innovation type. Practical Implications:This empirical study establishes, two special practical implications, first identify special characteristics in innovation in one of the most representative sectors of the Colombian economy that even though address incremental innovations, especially through processes, and the second element is to recognize that the innovative strategy becomes a differentiating factor for companies in this sector, beyond technological barriers and culture of innovation that may appear. Originality:The research was made for the most innovative sectors in the manufacturing Colombian industry, this particular context was not studied enough before in the particular constructs of innovation strategy and organizational learning. Key Words: Innovation, manufacturing industry, strategy, organizational learning, processes.JEL: M1, M10
The Search for Order in Municipal Administration: Herman A. Metz and the New York City Experience, 1898–1909
Authors: McDonough Ryan P. , Miranti Paul J. , Schoderbek Michael P. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
This paper examines the administrative and accounting reforms coordinated by Herman A. Metz around the turn of the 20th century in New York City. Reform efforts were motivated by deficiencies in administering New York City's finances, including a lack of internal control over monetary resources and operational activities, and opaque financial reports. The activities of Comptroller Metz, who collaborated with institutions such as the New York Bureau of Municipal Research, were paramount in initiating and implementing the administrative and accounting reforms in the city, which contributed to reform efforts across the country. Metz promoted the adoption of functional cost classifications for city departments, developed flowcharts for improved transaction processing, strengthened internal controls, and published the 1909 Manual of Accounting and Business Procedure of the City of New York, which laid the groundwork for transparent financial reports capable of providing vital information about the city's activities and subsidiary units.
JEL Classifications: H72, M41, N91.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
Risky Business: Assessing the Generalizability of the PCAOB's Risk-Based Inspection Reports for Annually Inspected Audit Firms
Authors: Eutsler Jared 
Published: February 2020

SUMMARY
Existing research has found that the PCAOB inspection results of small (triennially inspected) audit firms provide incremental information about audit quality, but research has not documented a similar finding for large (annually inspected) firms. I examine the generalizability of annually inspected firms' inspection findings to audit quality by investigating the association between account-specific findings and account-specific audit quality while controlling for the PCAOB's risk-based program. First, I create a selection model to approximate the risk-based inspection process. I then use its outputs to control for selection risk while examining the association between revenue-specific deficiencies and the audit quality of revenues. I find that after controlling for selection risk, revenue-specific deficiencies are generalizable to the audit quality of revenues for clients that are more likely to be inspected. These results provide some evidence that the PCAOB's inspection program is meeting its objective of providing relevant feedback to stakeholders about audit quality.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources described in this text.
Larson Industries: A Case on Identifying and Researching Revenue Recognition Issues
Authors: McNellis Casey J. , Barone Gerhard J. , Herbold Joshua 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Financial accounting students are often provided cues regarding a particular recognition/measurement issue prior to learning the related technical material. Yet, anecdotal evidence from the profession suggests that the identification and framing of complex issues is a necessary skill for emerging professionals. This case provides accounting students a hypothetical scenario that requires them to identify several financial reporting issues, research the relevant authoritative guidance, and arrive at conclusions regarding the appropriate reporting treatment. The recent implementation of the updated revenue recognition guidance per Topic 606 from the Financial Accounting Standards Board's Accounting Standards Codification® and IFRS 15 from the International Accounting Standards Board provides a current and relevant setting for this issue identification and evaluation exercise. Results from graduate-level courses at two universities indicate that students perceived great benefits in (1) identifying and framing revenue recognition issues without textbook cues and (2) learning the new authoritative guidance.
The Effects of Experience and Client-Preferred Outcomes on Accountants' Complex Loss Valuation Judgments
Authors: Ballou Brian , Heitger Dan L. , Heitger Lester E. , Pyzoha Jonathan S. , Reffett Andrew 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Accounting regulators, practitioners, and academics have all expressed concern that client preferences unduly influence accountants' judgment. This study builds on Ponemon (1995) by investigating the effects of client outcome preferences and experience levels on practicing forensic accountants' and auditors' complex loss valuation accounting judgments. Based on studies in motivated reasoning and accounting experience, we predict and find that experienced accountants have the capacity to ignore client-preferred outcomes when evaluating evidence. Specifically, when acting as an expert witness in a lawsuit involving a loss valuation dispute, forensic accountants and auditors both provide higher estimates of the plaintiff's damages when assuming the role of an expert retained by the plaintiff versus the court, unless participants possessed high experience. In addition, we find no difference in loss valuation judgments for practicing forensic accountants and auditors when both have high experience.
Understanding the Statement on Standards for Forensic Services No. 1 and Its Implications for Practice, Curricula, and Research
Authors: Schwartz Lynda 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
In July 2019, the AICPA issued the first authoritative professional standard on forensic services. The new standard articulates a novel paradigm for understanding what constitutes a forensic service, focusing on whether the service is for a litigation or investigation purpose, as defined. SSFS1 consolidates prior guidance into a single, clear statement and imposes some new restrictions, including a prohibition on the ultimate conclusion of fraud. It has important implications for practitioners, educators, and researchers alike, all with the goal of increasing the quality and consistency of forensic service engagements. Practitioners need to reassess the applicability of the standard and its impact on engagement acceptance and execution processes. Educators should feature SSFS1 prominently in their curricula, leveraging it for lessons on practice, ethics, and decision-making skills. Researchers have rich opportunities to contribute scholarly work to support future standard-setting and the public interest in this maturing area of the profession.
JEL Classifications: K13; K41; M41; M42; M48.
Data Availability: Data are generally available from the public sources cited in the text.
USABILITY TESTING PADA WEBSITE E-COMMERCE MENGGUNAKAN METODE SYSTEM USABILITY SCALE (SUS) (STUDI KASUS : UMKMBULELENG.COM)
Authors: Jiwa Permana Agus Aan 
Published: February 2020

Pengembangan perangkat lunak sangat bermanfaat untuk membantu di beberapa bidang. Salah satunya adalah bidang pemasaran. Dengan perkembangan internet, proses pemasaran sudah lumbrah dilakukan melalui online dengan beberapa metode jual beli yang dilakukan seperti cash on delivery (COD), bayar di muka,Â atau bayar barang saja dengan ongkos kurir dibayar setelah barang diterima. Pemasaran online memerlukan E-commerce Â untuk membantu menghubungkan pembeli dengan penjual. Seperti yang dilakukan oleh kelompok perajin di Singaraja, dengan alamat website yang dapat diakses pada http://umkmbuleleng.com. Website ini sudah online, namun perlu dilakukan uji terkait untuk mengetahui apakah user dapat dengan mudah menggunakan aplikasi secara efektif dan efisien. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pengguna. Sebelum produk di launching secara luas, perlu dilakukan proses pengujian ini. Metode yang digunakan untuk melakukan pengujian ini adalah System Usability Scale (SUS). Hasil pengujian diperoleh yaitu baik. Sehingga aplikasi yang dikembangkan untuk perajin secara umum sudah sesuai dengan harapan pengguna