bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cleaner wrasse can reach Piagetian stage 4 of object permanence when primarily exposed to stage 3
Authors: BONIN Leonore , DUC Sophie , BSHARY Redouan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Object permanence (OP) is the ability to retain a stable representation of an object, even if it is partially or completely out of sight. Despite its seeming simplicity, this concept has posed challenges for many species, with factors like life history and development being proposed as potential explanations. We tested for OP in the cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus, a species that exhibits complex ecological strategies in the wild, who has been tested in a variety of cognitive experiments, and who could help shed light on differences in brain size and cognitive abilities between ectotherms and endotherms. In two separate series of experiments, we investigated the potential role of ecological relevancy and the complexity of the condition. To test for OP, we used a food reward, a conspecific, or a predator that we presented to cleaner wrasse Piagetian stage 3 or 4 and added a delay or a supplementary cognitive charge with an "A-not-B error" paradigm. Our findings suggest that cleaner wrasse possess some primary forms of OP that depend on training and are thus comparable in performance to some larger-brained endotherm species. Furthermore, ecological relevancy did not clearly influence cleaner wrasse performance. Our findings provide the first evidence of OP in cleaner wrasse; however, we discuss methodological improvements that could help minimize potential biases in future studies.
Predicting work ability impairment in Post COVID-19 patients: a machine learning model based on clinical parameters
Authors: Jebrini Tarek , Ruzicka Michael , Völk Felix , Fonseca Gerardo Jesus Ibarra , Pernpruner Anna , Benesch Christopher , Valdinoci Elisabeth , Von Baum Max , Weigl Martin , Subklewe Marion , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael , Roider Julia , Mayerle Julia , Heindl Bernhard , Adorjan Kristina , Stubbe Hans Christian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The Post COVID-19 condition (PCC) is a complex disease affecting health and everyday functioning. This is well reflected by a patient’s inability to work (ITW). In this study, we aimed to investigate factors associated with ITW and to design a machine learning-based model for predicting ITW twelve months after baseline.
We selected patients from the post COVID care study (PCC-study) with data on their ability to work. To identify factors associated with ITW, we compared PCC patients with and without ITW. For constructing a predictive model, we selected nine clinical parameters: hospitalization during the acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, WHO severity of acute infection, presence of somatic comorbidities, presence of psychiatric comorbidities, age, height, weight, Karnofsky index, and symptoms. The model was trained to predict ITW twelve months after baseline using TensorFlow Decision Forests. Its performance was investigated using cross-validation and an independent testing dataset.
In total, 259 PCC patients were included in this analysis. We observed that ITW was associated with dyslipidemia, worse patient reported outcomes (FSS, WHOQOL-BREF, PHQ-9), a higher rate of preexisting psychiatric conditions, and a more extensive medical work-up. The predictive model exhibited a mean AUC of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78; 0.88) in the 10-fold cross-validation. In the testing dataset, the AUC was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.58; 0.93).
In conclusion, we identified several factors associated with ITW. The predictive model performed very well. It could guide management decisions and help setting mid- to long-term treatment goals by aiding the identification of patients at risk of extended ITW.
Proportion of confirmed Lyme neuroborreliosis cases among patients with suspected early European Lyme neuroborreliosis
Authors: Ogrinc Katarina , Bogovič Petra , Rojko Tereza , Maraspin Vera , Ružić-Sabljić Eva , Kastrin Andrej , Strle Klemen , Wormser Gary P. , Strle Franc 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose To determine the frequency of confirmed Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) cases in adult patients with three different clinical presentations consistent with early LNB.Methods Data were obtained through routine health care at the UMC Ljubljana, Slovenia from 2005–2022, using clinical pathways. The patients were classified into three groups: i) radicular pain of new onset (N = 332); or ii) involvement of cranial nerve(s) but without radicular pain (N = 997); or iii) erythema migrans (EM) skin lesion(s) in conjunction with symptoms suggestive of nervous system involvement but without either cranial nerve palsy or radicular pain (N = 240). The diagnosis of LNB considered the following variables: the presence of: 1) neurologic symptoms consistent with LNB (with no other obvious explanation); 2) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis (> 5x106 leukocytes/L); and 3) demonstration of intrathecal synthesis of borrelial antibodies, and/or cultivation of borrelia from CSF, and/or the presence of EM. Patients fulfilling only the first two criteria were interpreted as having possible LNB, while those who satisfied all three criteria were regarded as having confirmed LNB.Results Of 1569 adult patients, 348 (22.2%) had confirmed LNB and 70 (4.5%) others had possible LNB. The proportion of confirmed LNB cases was the highest for patients with radicular pain (217/332, 65.4%), followed by the group with EM and neurologic symptoms (47/240, 19.6%), and those with cranial neuritis (84/997, 8.4%).Conclusion Only 22% of patients evaluated had confirmed LNB. The proportion of confirmed LNB cases correlated with clinical presentation and was highest among patients with recent onset of radicular pain.
Endothelial and neuronal engagement by AAV-BR1 gene therapy alleviates neurological symptoms and lipid deposition in a mouse model of Niemann-Pick type C2
Authors: Rasmussen Charlotte Laurfelt Munch , Frederiksen Signe Frost , Heegaard Christian Würtz , Thomsen Maj Schneider , Hede Eva , Laczek Bartosz , Körbelin Jakob , Wüstner Daniel , Thomsen Louiza Bohn , Schwaninger Markus , Jensen Ole N. , Moos Torben , Burkhart Annette 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: Patients with the genetic disorder Niemann-Pick type C2 disease (NP-C2) suffer from lysosomal accumulation of cholesterol causing both systemic and severe neurological symptoms. In a murine NP-C2 model, otherwise successful intravenous Niemann-Pick C2 protein (NPC2) replacement therapy fails to alleviate progressive neurodegeneration as infused NPC2 cannot cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Genetic modification of brain endothelial cells (BECs) is thought to enable secretion of recombinant proteins thereby overcoming the restrictions of the BBB. We hypothesized that an adeno-associated virus (AAV-BR1) encoding the Npc2gene could cure neurological symptoms in Npc2-/- mice through transduction of BECs, and possibly neurons via viral passage across the BBB.
Methods: Six weeks old Npc2-/- mice were intravenously injected with the AAV-BR1-NPC2 vector. Composite phenotype scores and behavioral tests were assessed for the following six weeks and visually documented. Post-mortem analyses included gene expression analyses, verification of neurodegeneration in Purkinje cells, determination of NPC2 transduction in the CNS, assessment of neuroinflammation, quantification of gangliosides and co-detection of cholesterol with NPC2 in degenerating neurons.
Results: Treatment with the AAV-BR1-NPC2 vector improved motor functions, reduced neocortical inflammation, and preserved Purkinje cells in most of the mice, referred to as high-responders. The vector exerted tropism for BECs and neurons resulting in a widespread NPC2 distribution in the brain with a concomitant reduction of cholesterol in adjacent neurons, presumably not transduced by the vector. Mass spectrometry imaging revealed distinct lipid alterations in the brains of Npc2-/- mice, with increased GM2 and GM3 ganglioside accumulation in the cerebellum and hippocampus. AAV-BR1-NPC2 treatment partially normalized these ganglioside distributions in high responders, including restoration of lipid profiles towards those of Npc2+/+ controls.
Conclusion: The data suggests cross-correcting gene therapy to the brain via delivery of NPC2 from BECs and neurons.
Utilizing Geospatial Tools for Assessing Climate Change Vulnerability: A Case Study of the Ratnapura District, Sri Lanka
Authors: Piyasena N. M.P.M. , Bandara S.M.G.Lekana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This study utilizes geospatial tools to assess the climate change vulnerability of the Ratnapura District, Sri Lanka, by examining three key dimensions: exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Ratnapura is particularly prone to climate-related hazards, such as floods, landslides, and droughts, which pose significant threats to its socio-economic stability and environmental health. The assessment employs historical climate data and geographic information to develop exposure maps, while sensitivity is evaluated through an analysis of socio-economic and environmental conditions. Adaptive capacity is measured by examining local institutional frameworks and resource availability. The findings reveal high vulnerability levels, particularly in the Ratnapura and Kalawana Divisional Secretariat (DS) divisions, highlighting the urgent need for targeted adaptation strategies. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of geospatial analysis tools in conducting comprehensive climate vulnerability assessments, providing valuable insights for developing climate-sensitive policies and enhancing disaster risk reduction efforts. The results offer a foundation for local and regional authorities to implement proactive measures to build resilience against climate change impacts.
Smartphone Integration for Physical Sciences: the Readiness of South African Teachers and Learners
Authors: Muyambi Godfrey C. , Nkopodi Nkopodi , Jakovljevic Maria 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Historically, South African learners have struggled in science subjects due to resource limitations, including the high costs of building laboratories, acquiring equipment, and school vandalism. These challenges continue to hinder efforts to improve pass rates in Physical Science. However, the widespread accessibility of smartphones presents an opportunity to address these deficiencies.
This multiple case study examines the readiness of teachers and learners to integrate smartphones into Physical Science education. The objectives were to assess and compare both groups' preparedness to adopt smartphones as an instructional tool.
Methodology: A sequential mixed-methods approach was employed, using structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The sample included 338 learners from grades 10, 11, and 12, and nine teachers from three purposefully selected schools. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and t-tests, while qualitative data were manually coded, categorised and thematically analysed.
Findings: Despite challenges such as financial costs, inconsistent internet access, and concerns about teacher displacement, Smartphones received 66.7% of teachers' and 66.3% of learners' support in Physical Science learning, with calls for structured oversight and training. The findings reveal some consensus among teachers and learners that smartphones, when carefully integrated, can enhance Physical Science learning.
Novelty: This study provides a novel contribution by evaluating the readiness of both teachers and learners, highlighting smartphones’ potential to bridge resource gaps. It also emphasises the importance of considering stakeholders' perceptions in this integration.
Significance: The findings hold significant implications for science education policy, teacher training, and strategic planning, offering a practical solution for improving science outcomes in resource-constrained environments.
Laparascopic Assisted Approach to a Right Pelvi-ureteric Junction Obstruction With Incomplete Duplex System. A Case Report”
Authors: Jumbi Tim , Munyalo Syovata , Shipapa David , Marete Brian , Okebe Sarah 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction The concurrence of PUJO and duplicated systems is rare and more so when associated with a crossing vessel. Management is dependent on the variant anatomy based on imaging and intra-operative findings. The use of laparoscopic assisted technique can be employed with extracorporeal suturing in limited resource settings where intracorporeal suturing would increase operative time and would require a higher level of skill and experience. Case Presentation. A 6-year-old female presented with a prolonged history of right flank pain. Imaging revealed right hydronephrosis with impaired drainage on diuretic renography. Intra-operatively, an incomplete right duplex system was found with a lower pole crossing vessel causing extrinsic obstruction to both upper and lower moieties. A laparoscopic assisted technique with extra-corporeal suturing was used to perform an upper pole ureter to lower pole pyeloplasty and lower moiety Anderson Hynes pyeloplasty. The patient was followed up with complete resolution of symptoms at 3 months and 6 months post operatively. Conclusion. Surgical decision-making on Duplex systems with PUJO is based on imaging detail and intra-op dissection of the anatomic variants. A laparoscopic assisted technique has the advantage of reducing operative time by extracorporeal suturing and the benefit of laparoscopic dissection which offers adequate exposure.
Association between daily sitting time as well as vigorous activity and cardiovascular disease based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey（NHANES）2007–2018: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Guo Zi-tong , Cheng Hui , Fu Wen-bo , Liu Yong , Naman Tuersunjiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to examine the correlation of sitting time with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and to elucidate whether vigorous activity can reduce the risk of CVDs.
Method
A large, cross-sectional study was carried out with the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database 2007–2018 derived data. Meanwhile, daily sitting time, CVD history, and vigorous activity in daily life were retrieved based on 24-h recall interviews and questionnaires, whereas to investigate the correlation, subgroup and logistic regression analyses were performed. For stratifying analysis, vigorous recreational activity was employed.
Results
A total of 29622 participants aged ≥ 20 years who had sufficient data were enrolled in the present study. The total prevalence of CVD was 12.7%. In overall and non-vigorous recreational activity participants, the prevalence of CVD increased with the elevation of a daily sitting time (P<0.001). Nonetheless, such a trend could not be detected among patients taking vigorous recreational activity (P>0.05). Moreover, the risk of CVDs is dramatically reduced by vigorous activity (P<0.001).
Conclusion
According to our findings, the prevalence of CVDs increases as daily sitting time elevates in overall participants especially those not having vigorous activity. Vigorous recreational activity may balance the risk of CVDs, which is because of prolonged daily sitting time.
Orthobiologic Injections for the Treatment of Hip Osteoarthritis and the Minimal Clinically Important Difference
Authors: Boffa Angelo , Franceschini Marco , Martino Alessandro Di , Mazzotta Alessandro , Dallari Dante , Zaffagnini Stefano , Filardo Giuseppe 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose: The Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) is important to assess the clinical relevance of treatment results. The aim of this study was to establish the MCID values for VAS, WOMAC, and HHS scores in patients treated with intra-articular orthobiologic injections for hip osteoarthritis (OA).
Methods: Ninety-six patients (62.5% men, 37.5% women, 48.3 ± 12.0 years old) affected by hip OA and treated with orthobiologic injections were assessed through VAS for pain, WOMAC, and HHS scores at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after the injection. MCID values were calculated for each score at both follow-ups. Baseline variables, including age, sex, and Tonnis grade, were collected to investigate their possible influence on the improvement in terms of MCID achievement rate.
Results: The MCID values obtained in the current study were 10.1, 6.6, and 6, respectively for VAS pain, WOMAC, and HHS at 6 months after the injective treatment. Overall, these thresholds remained stable from 6 to 12 months of follow-up, being 10.2, 7.7, and 6.3, respectively. While an overall statistical improvement was documented for all scores, most patients did not reach clinically relevant benefits according to the identified MCID. Low OA grade and female patients were found to reach more likely the MCID.
Conclusion: This study defined the MCID thresholds ​​for VAS pain, WOMAC score, and HHS for patients affected by hip OA treated with orthobiologic injections. This can help clinicians interpreting the outcome obtained with injective treatments beyond the statistical difference and in light of clinically relevant benefits for patients.
Characterization of the intestinal microorganism in patients with congenital intestinal atresia: the exploration for establishment and influence of initial intestinal flora in newborns
Authors: Chen Yang , Zhou Ling , Liao Qianghui , Xiao Dong , Zhu Ledao , Yao Jinlong , Liu Jiashu , Zhang Xu'ning , Ma Xiaopeng , Ren Feng , Wang Zhiyong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose The mechanism of initial establishment of neonatal intestinal flora was investigated by the analyzing the characteristics of microflora differences in the proximal and distal intestinal bowels of newborns with intestinal atresia. Meanwhile, the differential metabolic pathways were applied to function prediction on potential effects for the gravidas and fetus.
Method The microecological characteristics of intestinal flora were extracted by 16SrRNA sequencing technology. Then, the α and β diversity describing the composition of the microflora were compared between three groups. Furthermore, PCoA was applied to identify and quantify the differential microflora among samples. Finally, PICRUSt software was used to explore possible potential impacts due to differential metabolic pathways of the flora through comparison with public databases.
Result In this study, samples from 23 proximal and distal intestinal atresia as well as the first meconium from 25 normal neonates were collected according to the selection criteria. There was no significant difference in baseline information between control and intestinal atresia groups (P>0.05). The α-diversity analysis indicated that there were more flora species in the control group, the distal group showed more complex colony structure, but the proximal group showed the lowest species and diversity. While the β-diversity analysis suggested that there was a significant difference in the bacterial structure between the control group and the distal bowel group (P<0.05), and the difference in the bacterial structure between the distal bowel group and the normal control group was significantly higher compared to the proximal bowel group. Then, the functional prediction suggested that the differential metabolic pathway could protect the intestinal mucosal barrier, but it may also have negative effects on the blood glucose control and lipid transport of gravidas and fetuses, and may even bring negative emotions to pregnant women.
Conclusion Statistically different microflora in the three groups suggested that the establishment of neonatal initial flora may results from the combination of intestinal infection through the placenta and colonization through the digestive tract. Subsequently, the differential metabolic pathway was predicted to protect the intestinal tract of children, but it may also interfere with emotional control, the glucose and lipid metabolism.
Statin-intolerant patients are characterized by a decreased muscle quality index independent of lipid lowering therapy
Authors: Vinci Pierandrea , Girolamo Filippo Giorgio Di , Pellicori Federica , Panizon Emiliano , Pirulli Alessia , Tosoni Letizia Maria , Altamura Nicola , Rizzo Stefania , Perin Andrea , Fiotti Nicola , Biolo Gianni 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background and aims:
Statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) is a frequent (2–3% of population) side effect of statin therapy, limiting its clinical use and increasing the cardiovascular risk. Its relationship with muscle performance and quality is not completely understood. The aim of our study was to retrospectively compare muscle quality, body composition and lipid profile in dyslipidemic patients according to their tolerance for statins.
Material and Methods
In a secondary level outpatient clinic for hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular risk factors, body composition, handgrip (as a marker of muscle quality) and lipid profile were analyzed in 148 statin-intolerant (SI) and in 145 sex and age matched statin tolerant (ST) patients in a four-year follow-up.
Results
At baseline, Body Mass Index (BMI), fat mass, cholesterol and triglycerides in SI patients were higher than in ST patients. While, during follow-up, BMI further increased and total and low-density lipoproteins (LDL)-cholesterol remained significantly higher in SI than in ST patients. At the end of the follow-up, BIA-assessed fat mass percentage was higher in SI than in ST. Handgrip absolute value or standardized for BMI, fat free mass and appendicular muscle mass were significantly lower in SI patients (P < 0.001) but, in a sub-analysis, this was confirmed only in their non-dominant arm (P < 0.01 for all arms). Circulating Creatine Kinase (CK) levels were significantly higher in SI patients at baseline (P < 0.001) and decreased during follow-up, but remained higher in those who never restarted statins after re-challenge (0.029).
Conclusion
Statin intolerance is clinically associated with lower muscle quality, particularly in less exercised arms, suggesting a role for physical activity in prevention of muscle deterioration. Circulating muscle enzyme patterns suggests that the effects of SAMS persist also long time after statin discontinuation.