bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gamma oryzanol impairs alcohol-induced anxiety-like behavior in mice via upregulation of central monoamines associated with Bdnf and Il-1β signaling
Authors: Akter Salina , Uddin Kazi Rasel , Sasaki Hiroyuki , Lyu Yijin , Shibata Shigenobu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAdolescent alcohol exposure may increase anxiety-like behaviors by altering central monoaminergic functions and other important neuronal pathways. The present study was designed to investigate the anxiolytic effect of 0.5% γ-oryzanol (GORZ) and its neurochemical and molecular mechanisms under chronic 10% ethanol consumption. Five-week-old ICR male mice received either control (14% casein, AIN 93 M) or GORZ (14% casein, AIN 93 M + 0.5% GORZ) diets in this study. We showed that GORZ could potentially attenuate alcohol-induced anxiety-like behaviors by significantly improving the main behavioral parameters measured by the elevated plus maze test. Moreover, GORZ treatment significantly restored the alcohol-induced downregulation of 5-hydroxytryptophan and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid in the hippocampus and improved homovanillic acid levels in the cerebral cortex. Furthermore, a recovery increase in the level of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol both in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex supported the anxiolytic effect of GORZ. The significant elevation and reduction in the hippocampus of relative mRNA levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and interleukin 1β, respectively, also showed the neuroprotective role of GORZ in ethanol-induced anxiety. Altogether, these results suggest that 0.5% GORZ is a promising neuroprotective drug candidate with potential anxiolytic, neurogenic, and anti-neuroinflammatory properties for treating adolescent alcohol exposure.
Transcriptomic analysis of the mechanisms of alleviating renal interstitial fibrosis using the traditional Chinese medicine Kangxianling in a rat model
Authors: Jiang Yufeng , Zhu Yaohan , Zhen Timing , Li Jie , Xing Kaichen , He Liqun , Zhu Sibo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRenal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is currently recognized as a crucial mechanism of the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Kangxianling (KXL, anti-fibrin) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been proven to significantly reduce the levels of ECM deposition and inhibit renal fibrosis.
To characterize the mechanisms and drug targets of KXL, we established a RIF rat model and treated the rats with KXL and losartan. Histological analyses validated the establishment of the RIF model and the treatment effect of KXL. Multiple levels of transcriptomic datasets were generated using lncRNA, mRNA and microRNA sequencing of kidney tissues. Functional annotations and pathway analyses were performed to unravel the therapeutic mechanisms.
A multi-level transcriptomic regulatory network was built to illustrate the core factors in fibrosis pathogenesis and therapeutic regulation. KXL and losartan significantly reduced the progression of RIF, and a better therapeutic effect was shown with higher concentrations of KXL. According to the cluster analysis results of the RNA-seq data, the normal control (NC) and high concentration of KXL (HK) treatment groups were the closest in terms of differentially expressed genes. The WNT, TGF-β and MAPK pathways were enriched and dominated the pathogenesis and therapy of RIF. miR-15b, miR-21, and miR-6216 were upregulated and miR-107 was downregulated in the fibrosis model. These small RNAs were shown to play critical roles in the regulation of the above fibrosis-related genes and could be inhibited by KXL treatment. Finally, based on the lncRNA datasets, we constructed a mRNA-lncRNA-miRNA coexpression ceRNA network, which identified key regulatory factors in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis and therapeutic mechanisms of KXL. Our work revealed the potential mechanism of the Chinese medicine Kangxianling in inhibiting renal interstitial fibrosis and supported the clinical use of KXL in the treatment of kidney fibrosis.
Clinical outcomes of topography-guided femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis after multifocal intraocular lens implantation
Authors: Shin Eunhae , Yoo Young-Sik , Choi Sung-Ho , Han Sun-Hyup , Lim Dong Hui , Yoon Gil-Joong , Chung Tae-Young 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis retrospective study is to evaluate refractive and visual outcomes of topography-guided femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (TGL) for correcting corneal high-order aberrations (HoA) after multifocal intraocular lens (mIOL) implantation. Twenty-eight eyes of 28 patients with both corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) under 20/25 and subjective visual discomfort at 3 months after mIOL implantation were included in the study. TGL was performed to correct corneal HoA. Visual acuity, manifest refraction, and corneal HoA were measured 3 months after TGL. CDVA was improved in 22 (78.57%) of 28 eyes after TGL. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (0.12 ± 0.16 logMAR) and uncorrected near visual acuity (0.081 ± 0.16 logMAR) were better than those before TGL (P < 0.001). Residual refractive astigmatism showed no difference compared to that before TGL. Root mean square (RMS) of HoA (P = 0.012), spherical aberration (P = 0.013), and RMS of coma (P = 0.001) were reduced relative to those before TGL. Amount of improvement in CDVA was correlated with amount of reduced coma RMS (R = 0.524; P = 0.005) and spherical aberration (R = 0.443; P = 0.021). TGL showed to improve both refractive and visual outcomes in patients with mIOL implantation by correcting corneal HoA.
Innovative multifunctional hybrid photoelectrode design based on a ternary heterojunction with super-enhanced efficiency for artificial photosynthesis
Authors: dos Santos Wayler S. , Carmo Éder J. , Mendez-González Yanela , Nascimento Lucas L. , Patrocínio Antônio O. T. , Guo Ruyan , Bhalla Amar S. , M’Peko Jean-Claude , Guerra José D. S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractElectrochemical cells for direct conversion of solar energy to electricity (or hydrogen) are one of the most sustainable solutions to meet the increasing worldwide energy demands. In this report, a novel and highly-efficient ternary heterojunction-structured Bi4O7/Bi3.33(VO4)2O2/Bi46V8O89photoelectrode is presented. It is demonstrated that the combination of an inversion layer, induced by holes (or electrons) at the interface of the semiconducting Bi3.33(VO4)2O2and Bi46V8O89components, and the rectifying contact between the Bi4O7and Bi3.33(VO4)2O2phases acting afterward as a conventionalp–njunction, creates an adjustable virtualp–n–porn–p–njunction due to self-polarization in the ion-conducting Bi46V8O89constituent. This design approach led to anodic and cathodic photocurrent densities of + 38.41 mA cm–2(+ 0.76 VRHE) and– 2.48 mA cm–2(0 VRHE), respectively. Accordingly, first, this heterojunction can be used either as photoanode or as photocathode with great performance for artificial photosynthesis, noting, second, that the anodic response reveals exceptionally high: more than 300% superior to excellent values previously reported in the literature.
A novel 3D-printed centrifugal ultrafiltration method reveals in vivo glycation of human serum albumin decreases its binding affinity for zinc
Authors: Jacobs Monica J , Pinger Cody W , Castiaux Andre D , Maloney Konnor J , Spence Dana M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Plasma proteins are covalently modified in vivo by the high-glucose conditions in the bloodstreams of people with diabetes, resulting in changes to both structure and function. Human Serum Albumin (HSA) functions as a carrier-protein in the bloodstream, binding various ligands and tightly regulating their bioavailability. HSA is known to react with glucose via the Maillard reaction, causing adverse effects on its ability to bind and deliver certain ligands, such as metals. Here, the binding between in vivo glycated HSA and zinc (Zn2+) was determined using a novel centrifugal ultrafiltration method that was developed using a 3D-printed device. This method is rapid (90 minutes), capable of high-throughput measurements (24 samples), low-cost (&lt;$1.00 USD per device) and requires lower sample volumes (200 μL) compared to other binding techniques. This device was used to determine an equilibrium dissociation constant between Zn2+ and a commercially obtained normal HSA (nHSA) with a glycation level of 11.5% (Kd = 2.1 (±0.5) × 10−7 M). A glycated fraction of the nHSA sample was enriched (gHSA, 65.5%) and isolated using boronate-affinity chromatography, and found to have a 2.3-fold decrease in Zn2+ binding-affinity (Kd = 4.8 (±0.8) × 10−7 M) when compared to the nHSA sample. The level of glycation of HSA in control plasma (13.0% ± 0.8, n = 3 donors) and plasma from people with diabetes (26.9% ± 6.6, n = 5 donors) was assessed using mass spectrometry. Furthermore, HSA was isolated from plasma obtained in-house from a person with type 1 diabetes and found to have a glycation level of 24.1% and Kd = 3.3 (± 0.5) × 10−7 M for Zn2+, revealing a 1.5-fold decrease in binding affinity compared to nHSA. These findings suggest that increased levels of glycated HSA result in reduced binding to Zn2+, which may have implications in complications associated with diabetes.
Moving forward with isoprostanes, neuroprostanes and phytoprostanes: where are we now?
Authors: Ahmed Omar S. , Galano Jean-Marie , Pavlickova Tereza , Revol-Cavalier Johanna , Vigor Claire , Lee Jetty Chung-Yung , Oger Camille , Durand Thierry 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential components in eukaryotic cell membrane. They take part in the regulation of cell signalling pathways and act as precursors in inflammatory metabolism. Beside these, PUFAs auto-oxidize through free radical initiated mechanism and release key products that have various physiological functions. These products surfaced in the early nineties and were classified as prostaglandin isomers or isoprostanes, neuroprostanes and phytoprostanes. Although these molecules are considered robust biomarkers of oxidative damage in diseases, they also contain biological activities in humans. Conceptual progress in the last 3 years has added more understanding about the importance of these molecules in different fields. In this chapter, a brief overview of the past 30 years and the recent scope of these molecules, including their biological activities, biosynthetic pathways and analytical approaches are discussed.
The Emotional Verbal Fluency Task: A Close Examination of Verbal Productivity and Lexical-Semantic Properties
Authors: Lam Boji P. W. , Marquardt Thomas P. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
Emotional verbal fluency (Emo-VF) has the potential to expand neuropsychological assessment by providing information about affective memory retrieval. The usability of Emo-VF is limited, however, by significant variations in task administration and the lack of information about Emo-VF responses. This study investigated verbal productivity and the lexical-semantic properties of responses on positive and negative Emo-VF tasks. Comparing Emo-VF to non–Emo-VF tasks used regularly in neuropsychological assessment provided additional information about the basic characteristics of Emo-VF tasks.

Method
Twenty-five adult native speakers provided verbal responses to three Emo-VF (“happy,” “sad,” “negative emotions”) and two non–Emo-VF categories (“animals,” “things people do”). Verbal productivity was measured at the word and syllable levels. Multiple large-scale data corpora were used to estimate the lexical-semantic properties of the verbal responses.

Results
There was a robust positivity bias in verbal productivity within Emo-VF tasks. Emo-VF tasks tended to elicit longer words than “animals” and “things people do,” which might impact the results of verbal productivity analyses, especially in comparisons with “things people do.” Within Emo-VF tasks, negative Emo-VF elicited words from a wider range of valence than positive Emo-VF tasks. Similarities (e.g., word length and complexity) and differences (e.g., concreteness, age of acquisition) were found between positive and negative Emo-VF tasks.

Conclusions
The study provided information about the basic characteristics of Emo-VF tasks, which included evidence for a robust positivity bias, suggestions for analyses of verbal productivity (e.g., consideration of word length), and lexical-semantic properties associated with positive and negative Emo-VF tasks using corpora data.
Coupled inductors design of the bidirectional non‐inverting buck–boost converter for high‐voltage applications
Authors: González‐Castaño Catalina , Restrepo Carlos , Giral Roberto , García‐Amoros Jordi , Vidal‐Idiarte Enric , Calvente Javier 
Published: June 2020

This work analyses the effects on the efficiency of the winding‐to‐winding capacitance of the coupled‐inductor of the bidirectional non‐inverting buck–boost converter in high‐voltage applications. This converter presents many advantages that make it suitable for low‐voltage hard‐switching photovoltaic and fuel cell hybrid systems. However, experimental results obtained using the previously reported procedure to implement the coupled inductors show low‐efficiency in high‐voltage applications. A different implementation procedure of the coupled inductors, with lower winding‐to‐winding capacitance, is proposed. High‐efficiency experimental results from a 400 V 1.6 kW prototype have been achieved over a wide operating voltage range, thanks to the use of SiC devices and the modified coupled inductors, confirming in this way its good potential as a building block also in high‐voltage wide‐gain‐range applications.
Field measurements and CFD simulation of a room in an elderly care center in Lithuania to evaluate air quality and thermal comfort
Authors: Dobravalskis Mantas , Šeduikytė Lina , Didžiariekytė Ugnė 
Published: June 2020

Aging is one of the biggest challenges that our society will face in the next decades to come. Multiple sources predict that the number of elderly people will rapidly increase in a lot of regions around the world. In Europe alone it is estimated that the number of elderly people will increase by up to 5 times in the next 30 years. With a growing number of elderly people, the importance of taking care of them also grows. Therefore, we need to make sure that the conditions they live in are suitable for their specific needs: both comfort vise and health vise.
To evaluate the current situation and issues in elderly care centers field measurements were taken in ECC in Kaunas, Lithuania. During these measurements, data were collected about temperature and relative humidity at multiple rooms in the care center. Gathered data was analyzed and major issues were noticed. The second stage of this study included CFD simulations of one of the rooms that ECC residents live in. Currently, this building only has natural ventilation in all of its rooms. Mechanical ventilation was simulated to see how it would impact air quality and thermal comfort in such rooms. Two main types of ventilation were simulated: mixing ventilation and displacement ventilation. Both methods were compared to natural ventilation and each one was evaluated as a potential solution for solving current issues in elderly care centers. It is also important to make sure that the solution chosen is sustainable and can be widely implemented.
Dynamic Hygrothermal Models for Monumental, Historic Buildings with HVAC Systems: Complexity shown through a case study
Authors: Posani Magda , Veiga Maria Do Rosario , Peixoto de Freitas Vasco , Kompatscher Karin , Schellen Henk 
Published: June 2020

Our global climate is changing and the problem got so serious that the European Commission is calling for a climate-neutral Europe by 2050. To reach such an ambitious and urgent goal, an energy efficient renovation of the existing building stock is needed. Nonetheless, some buildings must be treated with special attention because of their historical value. Thus, it is advisable to evaluate their retrofit with the aid of calibrated hygrothermal simulation models, whose calibration can be complex and time demanding.
This work shows the strategy adopted for obtaining a calibrated model for a XVI-century construction located northern Italy, by means of indoor air temperature and relative humidity monitoring, plus CO2 measurements and in situ inspection. This study accounts for the first 9 months of measurements performed on the case study and it adopts HAMBase as a simulation tool because of its ability to combine heat and moisture calculations in monumental buildings with HVAC systems.
This paper aims at showing the main problems found in developing and calibrating the simulation model while defining a procedure to overcome them. The major outcome of the study is that the stratification of temperature detected in the main monumental room could be successfully modelled via dividing this space into different zones, vertically, by introducing fictitious interzonal surfaces made of a material with high thermal conductivity and vapour permeability. All in all, the strategy adopted in this work can be used by other researchers and professionals to overcome problems that can be commonly met when modelling similar historic constructions.
Plattenepithelkarzinome der Kopf-Hals-Region (SCCHN)
Authors: Pogorzelski Michael , Grünwald Viktor 
Published: June 2020

WAS IST NEU?
Prävention Die Aufklärung der Bevölkerung über den gesicherten Zusammenhang von Alkohol- und Tabakkonsum mit der Entstehung von Kopf-Hals-Tumoren ist weiterhin dringend erforderlich. Zur Prävention der HPV-assoziierten Tumoren stehen Vakzine zur Verfügung. Gemäß der Empfehlung der STIKO sollten alle Jungen und Mädchen im Alter zwischen 9 und 14 Jahren geimpft werden.
Ausbreitungs- und Rezidivdiagnostik Die FDG-PET/CT ermöglicht die Verringerung operativer Eingriffe. Bei N2/N3-Status nach definitiver Radiochemotherapie (RCT) sollte eine Neck Dissection nur bei positivem/unklarem PET-Befund durchgeführt werden. Bei Verdacht auf ein Rezidiv eines Larynxkarzinoms kann die FDG-PET/CT helfen, eine Larynxbiopsie zu vermeiden. Bei zervikalem CUP-Syndrom (d. h. bei unklarem Primärtumor) ist sie zudem zur Primarius und Ausbreitungsdiagnostik indiziert.
Stadieneinteilung und Prognostizierung HPV-induzierte Oropharynxkarzinome weisen eine bessere Prognose auf. Die 8. Version der TNM-Klassifikation umfasst daher eine klinische und eine pathologische Klassifikation für diese Tumorentität. Die Therapieplanung erfolgt auch weiterhin nach den etablierten Kriterien der 7. Version.
Lokal fortgeschrittene Stadien Zur Reduktion therapieassoziierter Toxizität wird derzeit eine Therapiedeeskalation bei HPV-assoziierten Oropharynxkarzinomen (HPV-OPC) evaluiert. Bisherige Studien waren jedoch negativ, sodass derzeit keine Anpassung der Therapie anhand des HPV-Status im klinischen Alltag erfolgt.
Palliative Systemtherapie Die Immuncheckpointinhibitoren Nivolumab und Pembrolizumab stellen den neuen Standard nach Versagen einer platinhaltigen Therapie dar. In der Keynote-048-Studie demonstrierte Pembrolizumab als Monotherapie für Patienten mit Expression von PD-L1 (CPS ≥ 1) sowie in der Kombination mit Platin + 5-FU in der unselektierten Patientenpopulation seine Überlegenheit gegenüber dem bisherigen Erstlinienstandard PFC.
Chronisches Koronarsyndrom – optimale medikamentöse Therapie
Authors: Totzeck Matthias , Rassaf Tienush 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Begriff „chronisches Koronarsyndrom“ ersetzt mit den aktuellen Leitlinien der Europäischen Gesellschaft für Kardiologie (ESC) die Begrifflichkeit der sogenannten „stabilen koronaren Herzerkrankung (KHK)“. Hierdurch werden insbesondere die chronisch-progredienten Eigenschaften der KHK betont. Die medikamentöse Therapie des chronischen Koronarsyndroms zielt auf die Minimierung der Ereignisraten und Symptomprogredienz ab. Zu den wesentlichen Säulen dieser medikamentösen Therapie zählen die Antianginosa (u. a. Betablocker, Kalziumantagonisten, organische Nitrate), die verschiedenen Plättchenaggregationsregime, Lipidsenker sowie Modulatoren des Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron-Systems. Eine sogenannte allgemeingültige „optimale Therapie“ ist schwierig zu definieren, daher gilt es, individuell für jeden Patienten die bestmögliche Therapie und Symptomkontrolle anhand dieser Leitlinienempfehlungen zu definieren und nach Bedarf anzupassen.
Funktionelle Diagnostik zur Detektion myokardialer
Ischämie
Authors: Gaede Luise , Bönner Florian 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungIn den aktuellen Leitlinien zum chronischen Koronarsyndrom (chronic coronary
syndrome, CCS) spielt die funktionelle Diagnostik zur Detektion und Quantifizierung
einer myokardialen Ischämie eine zentrale Rolle: Im Gegensatz zu rein anatomischen
Verfahren kann diese nicht nur eine koronare Herzerkrankung diagnostizieren, sondern
auch gleichzeitig das Patientenrisiko stratifizieren. Funktionelle diagnostische
Verfahren sollten zunächst nicht invasiv, in jedem Falle aber – vor allem bei
fehlendem nicht invasivem Nachweis – im Herzkatheter mittels Druckdrahtmessung
angewendet werden. In den nicht invasiven Verfahren bestimmt die Größe des
ischämischen Areals, ob eine Revaskularisation von prognostischem Nutzen für den
Patienten ist, und entscheidet somit über die weitere interventionelle Therapie. In
der invasiven Quantifizierung wird die hämodynamische Signifikanz einer
Koronarstenose bestimmt. Die funktionelle Diagnostik ermöglicht zudem eine Aussage
über die Funktion der Mikrostrombahn. Erkrankungen der Mikrostrombahn sind von
vergleichbarer prognostischer Bedeutung wie Erkrankungen der Makrostrombahn, bedürfen
jedoch weniger der interventionellen als der pharmakologischen Behandlung. Aktuelle
technische Entwicklungen aller Modalitäten erweitern in unterschiedlicher
Geschwindigkeit die diagnostische Genauigkeit und das Einsatzgebiet der einzelnen
Verfahren. Nicht für alle Patienten sollte daher grundsätzlich die gleiche Diagnostik
in die Wege geleitet werden. Die richtige Auswahl des nicht invasiven Tests sollte in
Abhängigkeit von dem Patienten mit Berücksichtigung von Komorbiditäten, Symptomatik
und Prätestwahrscheinlichkeit sowie lokaler Expertise getroffen werden. Gerade alte
Patienten, die sich häufig mit atypischer Symptomatik präsentieren und höhere
Komplikationsraten bei invasiven Verfahren aufweisen, profitieren hier besonders von
einer wohl überlegten diagnostischen Strategie.
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Imaging and Therapeutic Agents for Atherosclerosis
Authors: Talev Joshua , Kanwar Jagat Rakesh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAtherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular diseases and is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Iron oxide nanoparticles have emerged as potential diagnostic and therapeutic agents for a wide range of conditions. To date, the theranostic applications of iron oxide nanoparticles have been studied mainly in cancer, but atherosclerosis has not received the same attention. Therefore, it appears appropriate to review the current and future applications of iron oxide nanoparticles for the diagnosis and therapy of atherosclerosis. This review will first discuss current imaging techniques for the diagnosis of atherosclerosis as well as their limitations. It will then discuss the role of nanotechnology for molecular imaging of atherosclerosis and the benefits of this approach as well as reviewing current developments in the field including single, bi-, and tri-modal imaging. Next, it will discuss the role of nanotechnology for therapies of atherosclerosis with a focus on nanotheranostics, concluding with a look at the challenges faced by nanoparticle-based imaging and therapy of atherosclerosis as well as a look at future prospects.