bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of the oral microbiota between iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) patients and healthy individuals by high throughput sequencing
Authors: Xi Ranhui , Wang Renke , Wang Yuan , Xiang Zhenting , Su Zhifei , Cao Zaiqiang , Xu Xin , Zheng Xin , Li Jiyao 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: The relationship between oral microbiota and IE (infective endocarditis) is well established. Opportunistic pathogens in normal oral flora enter the bloodstream through daily oral cleaning or invasive dental procedures, leading to the occurrence of infective endocarditis. An in vitro iron-deficient condition leads to a drastic community shift in oral microbiota with increasing proportions of taxa related to infective endocarditis. To investigate the relationship among insufficient iron supply, oral microbiota and the risk of IE and to conduct a population amplification study, iron-deficiency anaemia is used as an in vivo model. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled 24 primary iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) patients from 2015.6 to 2016.6 from the hematology department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and 24 healthy controls. High-throughput sequencing compared the dental plaque microbiota of 24 IDA (iron-deficiency anaemia) patients and 24 healthy controls. Results: Sequences were classified into 12 phyla, 28 classes, 50 orders, 161 genera and 497 OTUs (the IDA and control groups shared the same 384 OTUs). Iron deficiency leads to lower internal diversity in the oral flora. The abundances of genera Corynebacterium, Neisseria, Cardiobacterium, Capnocytophaga, and Aggregatibacter were significantly higher in healthy controls, while genera Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas and Moraxella showed higher proportions in the IDA group (P<0.05). The relative abundances of genera Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas and Moraxella were significantly negatively correlated with the concentration of serum ferritin (P<0.05). Conclusions: Without an increase of oral streptococci, the main pathogen of IE, it is difficult to determine whether IDA can increase the risk of IE. However, the iron-deficient condition did lead to changes in the oral microbiota community structure. The genera that showed higher proportions in the IDA group were frequently reported as antibiotic-resistant. As antibiotics are commonly recommended to prevent IE before dental procedures, this study offers new ideas of personalized prevention of IE.
Elastography for the Diagnosis of High-Suspicion Thyroid Nodules Based on the 2015 American Thyroid Association Guidelines: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Li Hairu , Peng Yulan , Wang Yan , Ai Hong , Zhou Xiaodong , Yang Lichun , Yan Kun , Xiao Ying , Liu Lisha , Luo Baoming , Yong Qiang , Cong Shuzhen , Jiang Shuangquan , Fu Xin , Ma Buyun , Li Yi , Zhang Xixi , Gong Xue , Chen Haitao , Liu Wenying , Tang Ling , LV Xiaoyu , Zhao Xinbao , Li Liang , Tian Jiawei , Gan Kehong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Accurate diagnosis of high-risk nodules of 2015 American thyroid association(ATA) would reduce invasive testing. Elastography is useful for identifying benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Aims: To investigate the diagnostic efficiency of elastography for high-suspicion thyroid nodules based on the 2015 guidelines in the Chinese population. Materials and Methods: A total of 1445 thyroid nodules were subjected to conventional ultrasound and strain elastography examinations. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves were plotted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of elasticity score(ES) and strain ratio(SR). Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of malignancy. Results: The areas under the curve of ES and SR were 0.828 and 0.732. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value(PPV) and negative predictive value(NPV) of ES were 92.4%, 60.7%, 79.0%, 76.3% and 85.5% , and those of the SR were 81.1%, 50.1%, 68.9%, 65.9% and 67.9%. Logistic regression analysis showed that microcalcification (OR=5.290), taller than wide (OR=12.710), irregular margin (OR=10.117), extrathyroidal extension (OR=6.412), ES (OR=3.741) and SR (OR=1.083) were independent predictors of malignant thyroid nodules. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV of ES were all superior in nodules ≥1 cm than in those <1 cm (95.0% vs 90.4%, 68.8% vs 56.8%, 85.9% vs 74.4%, 85.2% vs 69.9%, 87.8% vs 84.2%, respectively). Conclusions: Elastography with ES is valuable for assessment of high-suspicion thyroid nodules based on the 2015 ATA guidelines, especially in nodules ≥1 cm.
Effects on exercise and fitness outcomes of workplace physical activity interventions targeting older employees: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Merom Dafna , Stanaway Fiona , Sweeting Joanna J , Tiedemann Anne , Mumu Shirin J , Gebel Klaus , Ding Ding 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: “Active Ageing” policy to delay retirement mean that maintaining the health and fitness of older employees has become increasingly important. This systematic review summarises the characteristics and effect on exercise and fitness outcomes of workplace physical activity (PA) interventions targeting older employees.

Methods: Five online databases were searched from inception to December 2018. Eligible studies were of any experimental design, included employees aged ≥50 years, had PA as an intervention component and reported PA-related outcomes.

Results: Titles and abstracts of 7470 records were screened and 16 unique interventions were included (3,215 participants). Eleven studies were RCTs. Six interventions targeted multiple risk factors (n=1,586) involving screening for cardiovascular disease risk factors, but had a non-specific description of the PA intervention. Four interventions targeted nutrition and PA (n=1,127), and six intervention (n=195) focused only on PA. Seven interventions were short –term (<15 weeks), six interventions lasted 6-9 months and three interventions were long-term (10-12 months). Interventions overwhelmingly targeted aerobic PA compared to strength, balance and flexibility. No studies involved screening for falls/injury risk. Computation of effect sizes (ES) was only possible in a maximum of three RCTs per outcome. ESs were statistically non-significant for all outcomes. ESs were medium for PA behaviour (ES=0.25 95% CI: -0.07 to 0.56), muscle strength (ES=0.27, 95%CI: -0.26- 0.80), cardiorespiratory fitness (ES=0.28, 95%CI: -22 to 0.78) and flexibility (ES=0.50, 95% CI: -0.04- 1.05) and large for balance (ES=1.29, 95% CI: -0.56- 3.15). GRADE criteria-rated quality of evidence were ‘low’ due to high risk of bias, imprecision and inconsistency.

Conclusions: The effect of workplace interventions for improving fitness outcomes of older employees is uncertain. There is a need for high-quality PA interventions that takes into account the broader PA recommendations for older adults. Such interventions should incorporate strength and balance training and screening of falls/injury risk in multi risk factors approaches.
Current status of integrating oncology and palliative care in Japan: A nationwide survey
Authors: Uneno Yu , Sato Kazuki , Morita Tatsuya , Nishimura Mayumi , Ito Satoko , Mori Masanori , Shimizu Chikako , Horie Yoshiki , Hirakawa Mami , Nakajima Takako Eguchi , Tsuneto Satoru , Muto Manabu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background:
Palliative care (PC) is increasingly recognized as essential for oncology care, and several academic societies strongly recommend integrating oncology and palliative care (IOP) in daily practice. Similarly, the Japanese government encouraged the implementation of IOP through the Cancer Control Act of 2007; however, its detailed progress remains unclear. Therefore, this cross-sectional nationwide survey was conducted to investigate the current status and hospital executive physicians’ perception of IOP.
Methods:
The questionnaire was developed based on IOP indicators with international consensus. It was distributed to executive physicians at all government-designated cancer hospitals (DCHs, n = 399) and matched non-DCHs (n = 478) in November 2017 and the results were compared.
Results:
In total, 269 (67.4%) DCHs and 259 (54.2%) non-DCHs responded. The number of PC resources in DCHs was significantly higher than those in non-DCHs (e.g., full-time PC physicians and nurses, 52.8% vs. 14.0%, p < 0.001; availability of outpatient PC service ≥3 days per week, 47.6% vs. 20.7%, p < 0.001). Routine symptom screening was more frequently performed in DCHs than in non-DCHs (65.1% vs. 34.7%, p < 0.001). Automatic trigger for PC referral availability was limited (e.g., referral using time trigger, 14.9% vs. 15.3%, p = 0.700). Education and research opportunities were seriously limited in both types of hospitals. Most executive physicians regarded IOP as beneficial for their patients (95.9% vs. 94.7%, p = 0.163) and were willing to facilitate an early referral to PC services (54.7% vs. 60.0%, p < 0.569); however, the majority faced challenges to increase the number of full-time PC staff, and <30% were planning to increase the staff members.
Conclusions:
This survey highlighted a considerable number of IOP indicators met, particularly in DCHs probably due to the government policy. Further investigation is warranted whether those indicators effectively work in real clinical situations.
The prevalence of hrHPV among the isolated community in the Highland of Bario, Sarawak, East Malaysia
Authors: Jerip Abigail Rembui , Kipli Mardiana , Tan Cheng-Siang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Malaysia has introduced the free Pap smear as the primary cervical cancer screening program since the 1960s but has only achieved the national coverage of 22%. The coverage would be much lower in the rural communities especially in Sarawak where many villages are still inaccessible by road, and communities are living in low resource settings. In this study, we have evaluated Qiagen’s careHPV system as a point-of-care HPV diagnostic test together with the visualization using acetic acid (VIA) in the isolated community in the Highland of Bario which are predominantly from the Kelabit ethnicity.
Methods
Women attending the cervical cancer outreach program were recruited. Consent was obtained and a cervical swab was clinician-collected and screened for High-risk HPV DNA using the careHPV system. Cervical examination using VIA was offered to all women age <50-year. hrHPV positive women were recruited during their follow-up session and the second cervical swab was collected for HPV genotyping using consensus primer-nested PCR to elucidate the infecting HPV genotypes.
Results
Seventy-five women from the age of 27-83 (mean age 55) attended the cervical cancer screening clinic and 8% (n=6/75) of them were positive for hrHPV. Only 33 women were screened using VIA and 21.2% (n=7/33) were found to be positive. A majority of the women (58.6%) were above the age of 50-year and not recommended for VIA to be performed. Thus, it was not feasible to correlate the results obtained from the HPV DNA test and VIA. Only four hrHPV positive women returned for follow-up and genotyping revealed HPV52 in 2 of four women tested suggesting that HPV52 may be the predominant genotype in Bario.
Conclusions
The careHPV system is portable and can be used in low resource settings as long as reliable electricity is available. We found that careHPV DNA test is more objective compared to VIA and can be used to screen women outside the recommended eligible age. This is especially true for older women in the rural who have never had any form of cervical cancer screening before.
Clinical and microbiological characteristics of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) in a hospital from North China
Authors: Yang Yan , Liu Jian-Hua , Hu Xin-Xin , Zhang Wei , Nie Tong-Ying , Yang Xin-Yi , Wang Xiu-Kun , Li Congran , You Xue-Fu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: The clinical and molecular characteristics of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) in various provinces of China have been reported, however, there have been few reports in Hebei Province, North China.
Methods: The hvKp was identified by PCR amplification of hypervirulence-related genes, the hypermucoviscous phenotype was determined by the "string test", the drug susceptibility analysis was performed using the VITEK ® 2 Compact Bacterial Identification and Monitoring System. The molecular epidemiological characteristics of the strains were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and the capsular serotype of hvKp strain was detected by PCR.
Results: A total of 59 hvKp were detected, and the hypermucoviscous positive rate of hvKp was significantly higher than that of classical Klebsiella pneumoniae (cKp). Univariate analysis showed that the age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.025], a pulmonary disease (OR = 5.886), or a polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell count (OR = 1.045) were statistically significant risk factors for hvKp infection. HvKp are more susceptible to antibacterial drugs than cKp ( P < 0.05), and one ESBLs-producing hvKp strain was detected. The main capsular serotype of hvKp were K2, K57 and K1. PFGE indicated that the 59 strains of hvKp could be classified into 51 PFGE band types, forming 6 PFGE clusters (A, B, C, D, E, and F clusters, at least three isolates with > 75% similarity for each cluster).
Conclusions: The hvKp rate in our study was significantly higher than that in previous reports. Pulmonary disease (OR = 5.373) was an independent risk factors associated with hvKp infection. And K2, K57 and K1 serotype were the main serotype of hvKp in our study.
An Expeditious One-Pot Three-Component Synthesis of 4-Aryl-3,4-dihydrobenzo[g] quinoline-2,5,10(1H)-triones under Green Conditions
Authors: Kamalifar Saiedeh , Kiyani Hamzeh 
Published: November 2019

:An efficient and facial one-pot synthesis of 4-aryl-3,4-dihydrobenzo[g]quinoline- 2,5,10(1H)-triones was developed for the first time. The process proceeded via the three-component cyclocondensation of 2-amino-1,4-naphthoquinone with Meldrum’s acid and substituted benzaldehydes under green conditions. The fused 3,4-dihydropyridin-2(1H)- one-ring naphthoquinones have been synthesized with good to high yields in refluxing ethanol as a green reaction medium. This protocol is simple and effective as well as does not involve the assistance of the catalyst, additive, or hazardous solvents.
Effect of Tumor Suppressor MiR-34a Loaded on ZSM-5 Nanozeolite in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: In Vitro and In Vivo Approach
Authors: Salah Zeinab , Abd El Azeem Eman M. , Youssef Hanan F. , Gamal-Eldeen Amira M. , Farrag Abdel R. , El-Meliegy Emad , Soliman Bangly , Elhefnawi Mahmoud 
Published: November 2019

Background:
MicroRNA modulation therapy has shown great promise to treat hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC), however Efficient tissue-specific and safe delivery remains a major challenge.

Objective:
We sought to develop an inorganic-organic hybrid vehicle for the systemic delivery of the
tumor suppressor miR-34a, and to investigate the efficiency of the delivered miR-34a in the treatment
of HCC in vitro and in vivo.

Methods:
In the present study, pEGP-miR cloning and expression vector, expressing miR-34a, was
electrostatically bound to polyethyleneimine (PEI), and then loaded onto ZSM-5 zeolite nanoparticles
(ZNP). Qualitative and quantitative assessment of the transfection efficiency of miR-34a construct in
HepG2 cells was applied by GFP screening and qRT-PCR, respectively. The expression of miR-34a
target genes was investigated by qRT-PCR in vitro and in vivo.

Results:
ZNP/PEI/miR-34a nano-formulation could efficiently deliver into HepG2 cells with low cytotoxicity,
indicating good biocompatibility of generated nanozeolite. Furthermore, five injected doses
of ZNP/PEI/miR-34a nano-formulation in HCC induced male Balb-c mice, significantly inhibited tumor
growth, and demonstrated improved cell structure, in addition to a significant decrease in alphafetoprotein
level and liver enzymes activities, as compared to the positive control group. Moreover,
injected ZNP/PEI/miR-34a nano-formulation led to a noticeable decrease in the CD44 and c-Myc levels.
Results also showed that ZNP/PEI/miR-34a nano-formulation inhibited several target oncogenes
including AEG-1, and SOX-9, in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusion:
Our results suggested that miR-34a is a powerful candidate in HCC treatment and that
AEG-1 and SOX-9 are novel oncotargets of miR-34a in HCC. Results also demonstrated that our
nano-formulation may serve as a candidate approach for miR-34a restoration for HCC therapy, and
generally for safe gene delivery.
Effects of Morphine on Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Rabbit Colon and Small Intestinal Transit: An Experimental Study
Authors: Yang Heng , Jin Xiao-Ju , Luo Hong , Li Yuan-Hai 
Published: November 2019

Objective:This study aims to investigate the effect of morphine with naloxone on intestinal peristalsis and the number of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in colon tissues of rabbits.Methods:Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into five groups (n=6, each group): saline control group (NS group), low concentration of morphine group (L group), medium concentration of morphine group (M group), high concentration of morphine group (H group), medium concentration of morphine and naloxone mixed with antagonist group (NM group). Rabbits in these five groups were administered with an epidural puncture tube and dorsal epidural analgesia pump, and were continuously infused for seven days. Fecal characteristics were observed, and the ink propulsion rate was calculated. The expression level of ICC C-kit protein in colon tissues was tested by western blot.Results:The stool characteristics in the L, M and H groups were more severe than those in the NS and NM groups. Furthermore, the intestinal propulsion rate in the L, M and H groups was lower than that in the NS and NM groups. The C-kit mRNA and protein expression in the colon of rabbits were significantly lower in the L, M and H groups, when compared to the NS and NM groups.Conclusions:Naloxone blocked the mRNA and protein expression of C-kit, and improved intestinal motor function.
Safety and Efficacy of Intra-arterial Tirofiban Injection During Mechanical Thrombectomy for Large Artery Occlusion
Authors: Yi Ho J. , Sung Jae H. , Lee Dong H. 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
The safety and effect of intra-arterial (IA) tirofiban, a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa
inhibitor, during the stent retriever mechanical thrombectomy (MT) was investigated.

Methods:
From January 2015 to May 2019, a total of 327 patients underwent mechanical thrombectomy
of large artery occlusions (LAO). Patients were classified into two groups: MT with IA
tirofiban (MTT) group and MT only (MTO, without IA tirofiban) group. Clinical outcomes, radiological
results, and various complications, such as post thrombectomy hemorrhage, symptomatic
hemorrhage, other systemic bleeding, and hemorrhagic transformation of infarct were evaluated by
comparing the MTT group and MTO group. In addition, subgroup analysis was performed for patients
who underwent MT with prior intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA).

Results:
The MTT group needed a lower mean number of stent passes and showed a re-occlusion
rate as compared with the MTO group (P=0.038 and 0.022, respectively). Between the two groups,
there were no statistically significant differences in post thrombectomy hemorrhage, symptomatic
hemorrhage, other systemic bleeding complications, or hemorrhagic transformation of infarct (P =
0.511, 0.397, 0.429, and 0.355, respectively). In the subgroup analysis, similar findings were observed.

Conclusion:
The use of IA tirofiban during MT seems to be safe and potentially more effective
than only MT without IA tirofiban, even in patients who used IV t-PA before MT.
Vitamin D and Depression in Women: A Mini-review
Authors: Boulkrane Mohamed Said , Fedotova Julia , Kolodyaznaya Valentina , Micale Vincenzo , Drago Filippo , van den Tol Annemieke Johanna Maria , Baranenko Denis 
Published: November 2019

:Affective-related disorders, including depression, are constantly rising, complicating people's personal lifestyle increasing disqualification and hospital care. Because of the high intensity of urbanization, our lifestyle and food have altered dramatically in the last twenty years. These food modifications have been associated with scores of depression and other affective-related disorders in urbanized countries with high economic levels. Nutrients imbalance is considered as one of the critical causes enabling the pathophysiological mechanisms for the development of psychiatric disorders. The application of additional nutritional interventions for treatment of mood deteriorations can be beneficial for both the prophylaxis and therapy of affective-related disorders. This paper will review recent research on the relation of Vitamin D levels and the epidemiology of depression in women.:In this paper, we will provide an overview of the results of a variety of different studies taking into account research which both suggests and refutes an association. Based on these findings we will propose important directions for future research in relation to this topic.
Relationships Between HIV-Mediated Chemokine Coreceptor Signaling, Cofilin Hyperactivation, Viral Tropism Switch and HIV-Mediated CD4 Depletion
Authors: He Sijia , Wu Yuntao 
Published: November 2019

:HIV infection causes CD4 depletion and immune deficiency. The virus infects CD4 T cells through binding to CD4 and one of the chemokine coreceptors, CXCR4 (X4) or CCR5 (R5). It has also been known that HIV tropism switch, from R5 to X4, is associated with rapid CD4 depletion, suggesting a key role of viral factors in driving CD4 depletion. However, the virological driver for HIV-mediated CD4 depletion has not been fully elucidated. We hypothesized that HIV-mediated chemokine coreceptor signaling, particularly chronic signaling through CXCR4, plays a major role in CD4 dysfunction and depletion; we also hypothesized that there is an R5X4 signaling (R5X4sig) viral subspecies, evolving from the natural replication course of R5-utilizing viruses, that is responsible for CD4 T cell depletion in R5 virus infection. To gain traction for our hypothesis, in this review, we discuss a recent finding from Cui and co-authors who described the rapid tropism switch and high pathogenicity of an HIV-1 R5 virus, CRF01_AE. We speculate that CRF01_AE may be the hypothetical R5X4sig viral species that is rapidly evolving towards the X4 phenotype. We also attempt to discuss the intricate relationships between HIV-mediated chemokine coreceptor signaling, viral tropism switch and HIV-mediated CD4 depletion, in hopes of providing a deeper understanding of HIV pathogenesis in blood CD4 T cells.
Prediction of Lipophilicity of some Quinolone Derivatives by using Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship
Authors: Shirmohammadi Meysam , Mohammadinasab Esmat , Bayat Zakiyeh 
Published: November 2019

Objective:
Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) was used to study the
partition coefficient of some quinolones and their derivatives.

Methods:
These molecules are broad-spectrum antibiotic pharmaceutics. First, data were divided
into two categories of train and test (validation) sets using a random selection method. Second,
three approaches, including stepwise selection (STS) (forward), genetic algorithm (GA), and simulated
annealing (SA) were used to select the descriptors, to examine the effect feature selection
methods. To find the relation between descriptors and partition coefficient, multiple linear regression
(MLR), principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLS) were used.

Results:
QSAR study showed that both regression and descriptor selection methods have a vital
role in the results. Different statistical metrics showed that the MLR-SA approach with (r2=0.96,
q2=0.91, pred_r2=0.95) gives the best outcome.

Results:
The proposed expression by the MLR-SA approach can be used in the better design
of novel quinolones and their derivatives.