bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
САМООЦІНКА ДИНАМІКИ І СУЧАСНОГО СТАНУ КАДРОВОГО, НАВЧАЛЬНО-МЕТОДИЧНОГО ТА МАТЕРІАЛЬНО-ТЕХНІЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРОЦЕСУ ПІДГОТОВКИ ФАХІВЦІВ ГАЛУЗІ ЗНАНЬ 22 «ОХОРОНА ЗДОРОВ’Я» В УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ МЕДИЧНІЙ СТОМАТОЛОГІЧНІЙ АКАДЕМІЇ
Authors: Zhdan V. M. , Dvornyk V. M. , Starchenko I. I. , Bieliaieva O. M. 
Published: December 2019

Мета роботи ‒ провести самооцінку динаміки і сучасного стану кадрового, навчально-методичного та матеріально-технічного забезпечення підготовки фахівців галузі знань 22 «Охорона здоров’я» в Українській медичній стоматологічній академії.
Основна частина. Надано результати самооцінки динаміки і сучасного стану кадрового, навчально-методичного та матеріально-технічного забезпечення підготовки фахівців галузі знань 22 «Охорона здоров’я» в Українській медичній стоматологічній академії. Показано, що об’єктивним показником якості освітньої діяльності є достатньо високе місце, яке академія посідає в незалежному національному рейтингу «ТОП-200 Україна», який щорічно проводиться Центром міжнародних проектів «Євро­освіта» у партнерстві з міжнародною групою експертів IREG Observatory on Academic Ranking and Excellence. Виявлено позитивну динаміку зростання показника «оцінка якості науково-педагогічного потенціалу» і проаналізовано чинники, які забезпечили цю динаміку в 2018 р.
Висновок. Проведений самоаналіз динаміки і сучасного стану кадрового, навчально-методичного та матеріально-технічного забезпечення процесу підготовки фахівців галузі знань 22 «Охорона здоров’я» в Українській медичній стоматологічній академії засвідчив, що якість вищої освіти та надання освітніх послуг відповідає державним і міжнародним стандартам, а прийнята «Політика у сфері якості» відповідає вимогам сьогодення і сприяє підтриманню конкурентоспроможності академії на національному та міжнародному рівнях.
Prefrontal Cortex Regulates Chronic Stress‐Induced Cardiovascular Susceptibility
Authors: Schaeuble Derek , Packard Amy E. B. , McKlveen Jessica M. , Morano Rachel , Fourman Sarah , Smith Brittany L. , Scheimann Jessie R. , Packard Benjamin A. , Wilson Steven P. , James Jeanne , Hui David Y. , Ulrich‐Lai Yvonne M. , Herman James P. , Myers Brent 
Published: December 2019

Background

The medial prefrontal cortex is necessary for appropriate appraisal of stressful information, as well as coordinating visceral and behavioral processes. However, prolonged stress impairs medial prefrontal cortex function and prefrontal‐dependent behaviors. Additionally, chronic stress induces sympathetic predominance, contributing to health detriments associated with autonomic imbalance. Previous studies identified a subregion of rodent prefrontal cortex, infralimbic cortex (
IL
), as a key regulator of neuroendocrine‐autonomic integration after chronic stress, suggesting that
IL
output may prevent chronic stress‐induced autonomic imbalance. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that the
IL
regulates hemodynamic, vascular, and cardiac responses to chronic stress.

Methods and Results

A viral‐packaged small interfering RNA construct was used to knockdown vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (
vG
luT1) and reduce glutamate packaging and release from
IL
projection neurons. Male rats were injected with a
vG
luT1 small interfering RNA‐expressing construct or GFP (green fluorescent protein) control into the
IL
and then remained as unstressed controls or were exposed to chronic variable stress.
IL vG
luT1 knockdown increased heart rate and mean arterial pressure reactivity, while chronic variable stress increased chronic mean arterial pressure only in small interfering RNA‐treated rats. In another cohort, chronic variable stress and vGluT1 knockdown interacted to impair both endothelial‐dependent and endothelial‐independent vasoreactivity ex vivo. Furthermore,
vG
luT1 knockdown and chronic variable stress increased histological markers of fibrosis and hypertrophy.

Conclusions

Knockdown of glutamate release from
IL
projection neurons indicates that these cells are necessary to prevent the enhanced physiological responses to stress that promote susceptibility to cardiovascular pathophysiology. Ultimately, these findings provide evidence for a neurobiological mechanism mediating the relationship between stress and poor cardiovascular health outcomes.
Melting Ornaments into Fetters and Chains: Mammaṭa’s Reclassification of the Poetic Ornaments
Authors: Cummins Patrick T. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMammaṭa Bhaṭṭa’s magnum opus, the Kāvyaprakāśa, composed at the tail-end of over two centuries of debate in Kashmir on Ānandavardhana’s theory of suggestion, has long been recognized for its encyclopedic and systematic aspirations, but as is argued in this article, the exact nature of Mammaṭa’s theory in relation to Ānandavardhana’s has been misunderstood. Specifically, Mammaṭa reclassifies the poetic ornaments (alaṅkāras) as non-suggestive poetry (avyaṅgya), in contrast to Ānandavardhana, for whom the ornaments are poetry of subordinate suggestion (guṇībhūtavyaṅgya). This reclassification has deep ramifications for the subsequent discourse, as Mammaṭa’s Kāvyaprakāśa attracts more commentary and inspires more imitation-works than any other treatise in the discourse’s history.
Cannabinoids for the Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bahji Anees , Meyyappan Arthi Chinna , Hawken Emily R. 
Published: December 2019

Background: In 2016, the global number of individuals living with dementia was 43.8 million, representing a 117% increase from 1990—mainly due to increases in aging and population growth. Up to 90% of individuals with dementia experience neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). However, the limitations of current treatments for NPS have drivent he search for safer pharmacotherapies—including cannabinoids. Aim: To assess the efficacy and acceptability of cannabinoids for the treatment of NPS in individuals with dementia. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Setting and participants: Of 6,902 papers, 9 were eligible ( n = 205, 44% female, 78 ± 7 years, 85% Alzheimer disease). Trials were in North America and Europe and explored tetrahydrocannabinol ( n = 3), dronabinol ( n = 5), or nabilone ( n = 1). Measurement: Titles/abstracts were independently screened by one reviewer and reviewed by a second. Full-text screening was by two reviewers with discrepancies resolved via a third reviewer. We extracted data on the standardized mean difference (SMD) for several NPS instruments, trial completion, and adverse events. Data were pooled using random-effects models. Findings: Cannabinoids led to significant improvements across NPS instruments, including the Cohen Mansfield Agitation Inventory (SMD = −0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], −1.45 to −0.16), the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (SMD = −0.61; CI, −1.07 to −0.15), and nocturnal actigraphy (SMD = −1.05; CI, −1.56 to −0.54h). Cannabinoids were well-tolerated, with an overall trial completion rate of 93% (193/205) and no serious treatment-related adverse events. Treatment efficacy was associated with baseline dementia severity and dose, but not dementia subtype, age, or sex. The overall study quality was rated as low. Conclusions: There is preliminary evidence for the efficacy and tolerability of cannabinoids as treatments for NPS. Population-based studies are needed to characterize their real-world effectiveness and acceptability.
Economic Burden of Depression and Associated Resource Use in Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Tanner Julie-Anne , Hensel Jennifer , Davies Paige E. , Brown Lisa C. , Dechairo Bryan M. , Mulsant Benoit H. 
Published: December 2019

Objectives To characterize the health-care utilization and economic burden associated with depression in Manitoba, Canada. Methods Patient-level data were retrieved from the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy administrative, clinical, and laboratory databases for the study period of January 1, 1996, through December 31, 2016. Patients were assigned to the depression cohort based on diagnoses recorded in hospitalizations and outpatient physician claims, as well as antidepressant prescription drug claims. A comparison cohort of nondepressed subjects, matched with replacement for age, gender, place of residence (urban vs. rural), and index date, was created. Demographics, comorbidities, intentional self-harm, mortality, health-care utilization, prescription drug utilization, and costs of health-care utilization and social services were compared between depressed patients and matched nondepressed patients, and incidence rate ratios and hazard ratios were reported. Results There were 190,065 patients in the depression cohort and 378,177 patients in the nondepression cohort. Comorbidities were 43% more prevalent among depressed patients. Intentional self-harm, all-cause mortality, and suicide mortality were higher among patients with depression than the nondepression cohort. Health-care utilization—including hospitalizations, physician visits, physician-provided psychotherapy, and prescription drugs—was higher in the depression than the nondepression cohort. Mean health-care utilization costs were 3.5 times higher among depressed patients than nondepressed patients ($10,064 and $2,832, respectively). Similarly, mean social services costs were 3 times higher ($1,522 and $510, respectively). Overall, depression adds a total average cost of $8,244 ( SD = $40,542) per person per year. Conclusions Depression contributes significantly to health burden and per patient costs in Manitoba, Canada. Extrapolation of the results to the entire Canadian health-care system projects an excess of $12 billion annually in health system spending.
Ankyloglossia Identification, Diagnosis, and Frenotomy
Authors: Unger Crystal , Chetwynd Ellen , Costello Rebecca 
Published: December 2019

Background Researchers and practitioners continue to debate the most appropriate assessment, diagnostic, and treatment practices for ankyloglossia (tongue-tie). Health care workers struggle to provide evidence-based care in the absence of consistent standards. Research aim The aims of this pilot study were to qualitatively (a) evaluate the knowledge of, and attitudes toward tongue-tie and (b) describe how they shaped referral pathways and the establishment of practice patterns of frontline practitioners (pediatric dentists, speech-language pathologists, pediatric chiropractors, and International Board Certified Lactation Consultants). Methods We recruited clinicians ( N = 9) using nonprobability purposive sampling. Participants were interviewed using survey schedules adjusted to reflect their specialty area. Semistructured interviews were transcribed and coded using manual and inductive coding techniques common in grounded theory. Themes were iteratively developed using memoing techniques, in which observations and potential concepts were recorded using the aforementioned codes. Results Participants were familiar with a variety of protocols and assessment tools, but did not consistently use them. No formal training about the management of tongue-tie was received through their degree programs. Instead they pursued self-guided study. Interprofessional consensus guided opinions about tongue-tie best practices, and referral pathways reflected these consensuses. International Board Certified Lactation Consultants were viewed as pivotal to the care of infants with tongue-tie while primary care physicians—primarily pediatricians—were omitted from referral pathways. Conclusion Lack of formalized training, professional consensus about best practices, and insufficient resources for assessing and treating tongue-tie led participants to incomplete referral pathways and personal interpretations of the data through the lens of anecdotal evidence.
Piperine, a functional food alkaloid, exhibits inhibitory potential against TNBS-induced colitis via the inhibition of IκB-α/NF-κB and induces tight junction protein (claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1) signaling pathway in experimental mice
Authors: Guo G , Shi F , Zhu J , Shao Y , Gong W , Zhou G , Wu H , She J , Shi W 
Published: December 2019

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic immunoinflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Piperine, an alkaloid, has been reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antiulcer potential. Aim: To elucidate the plausible mechanisms of action of piperine on experimental trinitrobenzenesufonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis by assessing various biochemical, molecular, histological, and ultrastructural modifications. Methods: Colitis was induced in male Sprague–Dawley rats via intrarectal instillation of TNBS. Then, the rats were treated with piperine (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 days. Results: TNBS induced significant ( p < 0.05) colonic damage, which was assessed by disease activity index, macroscopic score, and stool consistency. The administration of piperine (20 and 40 mg/kg) significantly inhibited ( p < 0.05) these damages. Treatments with piperine (20 and 40 mg/kg) notably inhibited ( p < 0.05) the TNBS-induced elevation of oxido-nitrosative stress (superoxide dismutase, glutathione, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide), 5-hydroxytryptamine, and hydroxyproline content in the colon. Furthermore, colonic inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOs), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, interferon-gamma, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions were upregulated after TNBS instillation and piperine (20 and 40 mg/kg) significantly attenuated ( p < 0.05) these elevated mRNA expressions. TNBS decreased the expressions of tight junction (TJ) protein (claudin-1, occludin, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1)) and increased the expressions of proapoptotic (caspase-1) protein. These expressions were markedly inhibited ( p < 0.05) by piperine treatment. Histological and ultrastructural studies of transmission electron microscopy suggested that piperine significantly ameliorated ( p < 0.05) TNBS-induced colonic aberrations. Conclusion: Piperine ameliorated the progression of TNBS-induced colitis by modulating the nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor-alpha/nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway, thus inhibiting the overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL’s), COX-2, iNOs, oxido-nitrosative stress, and proapoptotic proteins (caspase-1) that may improve the expression of TJ protein (claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1).
Maternal Folic Acid Intake and Risk of Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts: A Hospital-Based Case–Control Study in Bangalore, India
Authors: Mendonca Vivienne J. 
Published: December 2019

Background: Orofacial clefts are the most common congenital anomaly worldwide. Cleft etiology appears to be multifactorial, with genetic and environmental components. Although periconceptional folic acid supplementation has been shown to be protective for neural tube defects, current evidence for its role in cleft prevention is mixed with few studies from low- and middle-income countries. Aim: To investigate the association between periconceptional folic acid intake and incidence of nonsyndromic orofacial clefts among infants in Bangalore, India. Methods: A hospital-based case–control study (106 cases, 212 controls) utilizing a questionnaire to collect data on prenatal supplements, dietary folate, and potentially confounding factors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess relationships between folic acid supplementation and all nonsyndromic clefts, and in separate analyses for cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and cleft palate (CP), adjusting for statistically significant variables. Results: A statistically significant protective association was found for separate folic acid supplements (not combined with iron or multivitamins) taken in the periconceptional period and all clefts combined (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45-0.86) and CL/P (adjusted OR: 0.57; 95% CI, 0.38-0.86). Higher levels of dietary folate were found to be associated with a reduced risk for all clefts (adjusted OR: 0.98, 95% CI, 0.96-0.99), CL/P (adjusted OR: 0.98, 95% CI, 0.96-0.99), and CP (adjusted OR: 0.96, 95% CI, 0.93-0.99). Conclusion: This study provides limited evidence for a protective association of periconceptional folic acid supplementation with nonsyndromic orofacial clefts. The low proportion of mothers taking folic acid supplements in the periconceptional period highlights the need for increased education and awareness regarding prenatal nutrition.
Patient Position Affects Venodilation for Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation
Authors: Yamagami Yuki , Inoue Tomoko 
Published: December 2019

Background: Larger veins are associated with a higher rate of success of peripheral intravenous cannulation. Although patient position affects venodilation during central venous cannulation, the association between patient position and vein size for peripheral intravenous cannulation remains unclear. Purpose: We examined the effect of seated versus supine positioning on vein size during peripheral intravenous cannulation before and after tourniquet application. Methods: In the present study, we recruited 81 participants (20–64 years) and included 80 in the analysis. We measured outcomes before and after tourniquet application in the seated and supine positions. The primary outcome was the cross-sectional area of the target forearm vein (ultrasonography by a blinded assessor). Subgroup analysis was used to test the effects of positioning combined with difficult peripheral intravenous cannulation (DPIVC) defined as poor visibility and/or palpability of the target vein. Results: Results of paired t tests demonstrated that the venous cross-sectional area significantly increased in the supine position with tourniquet application compared with the seated position with tourniquet application. Subgroup analysis with two-way repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that the venous cross-sectional area was significantly larger in the supine position than in the seated position despite DPIVC. Conclusion: Vein size during tourniquet application was greater in the supine than in the seated position even in cases of DPIVC. We thus recommend the supine position over the seated position for peripheral intravenous cannulation.
Diepoxy- Versus Glutaraldehyde-Treated Xenografts: Outcomes of Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Reconstruction in Children
Authors: Nichay Nataliya R. , Zhuravleva Irina Y. , Kulyabin Yuriy Y. , Zubritskiy Alexey V. , Voitov Alexey V. , Soynov Ilia A. , Gorbatykh Artem V. , Bogachev-Prokophiev Alexander V. , Karaskov Alexander M. 
Published: December 2019

Background: Xenografts used for right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) reconstruction are typically treated with glutaraldehyde. However, potential benefit of epoxy treatment was demonstrated in experimental studies. We aimed to compare diepoxy-treated bovine pericardial valved conduits (DE-PVCs) and glutaraldehyde-treated bovine pericardial valved conduits (GA-PVCs) for RVOT reconstruction in pediatric patients. Methods: Between 2002 and 2017, 117 patients underwent RVOT reconstruction with PVC in single center: DE-PVC group, n = 39; and GA-PVC group, n = 78. After performing propensity score analysis (1:1) for the entire sample, 29 patients from the DE-PVC group were matched with 29 patients from the GA-PVC group. Results: There were no conduit-related deaths. In the DE-PVC group, the freedom from conduit failure was 90.9% at four years and 54.3% at eight years postoperatively. In the GA-PVC group, it was 46.3% and 33.1%, respectively. The difference was significant ( P = .037). Conduit failure was typically caused by stenosis in both groups. In the DE-PVC group, the main cause of stenosis was xenograft calcification (27.6%); while in the GA-PVC group, it was mostly due to neointimal proliferation (25.0%) and, less often, calcification (14.3%). Conduit thrombosis was the cause of replacement in 6.9% of patients from the GA-PVC group. Conclusions: Diepoxy-treated bovine pericardial valved conduit is a suitable alternative to GA-PVC for RVOT reconstruction in pediatric patients. Diepoxy-treated bovine pericardial valved conduits may be less prone to conduit failure and more resistant to neointimal proliferation and conduit thrombosis than GA-PVCs.
Utility of Cervical Cannulation During Difficult Resternotomy in Congenital Heart Surgery
Authors: Temur Bahar , Davutoglu Arda , Dogruoz Alper , Aydin Selim , Suzan Dilek , Kırat Barış , Odemis Ender , Erek Ersin 
Published: December 2019

Background: Adhesions due to previous surgeries and some anatomical difficulties may make resternotomy dangerous in children. Femoral vessels are usually small and may not be suitable for cannulation. The aim of this report is to describe our experience with cervical cannulation during risky resternotomy in children. Methods: Between January 2014 and January 2018, cervical cannulation was performed in eight pediatric patients during sternal reentry. Their ages were between 3 months and 17 years (mean: 5.4 years). Three patients underwent stage III extracardiac Fontan operation with the diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Three patients had supravalvular aortic and/or pulmonary stenosis after previous arterial switch operation. One patient had proximal aortic arch stenosis and subvalvular aortic stenosis after interrupted aortic arch repair. The last patient had aortic root pseudoaneurysm and aortic insufficiency due to endocarditis. Through a separate cervical incision, a polytetrafluoroethylene graft was anastomosed to the common carotid artery and the arterial cannula was inserted into the graft. Antegrade selective cerebral perfusion (ASCP) was used in two patients. Results: During resternotomies, no major injury or bleeding occurred. Three-month-old patient who had previous interrupted aortic arch repair died despite extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support due to sepsis and multi-organ failure. Median intensive care unit stay and hospital stay were 3 days (1-40 days) and 17 days (7-60 days), respectively. Mean follow-up was 17.9 ± 15.8 months. All patients were in good clinical condition. Conclusions: Cervical cannulation may be a useful and safe technique during high-risk resternotomy in children. This technique may also simplify the performance of ASCP if necessary.