bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Model to Illustrate the Potential Pairing of Animal Biotelemetry with Individual-Based Modeling
Authors: Brosnan Ian G , Welch David W 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background. Animal biotelemetry and individual-based modeling (IBM) are natural complements, but there are very few published examples where they are applied together to address fundamental or applied ecological questions. Existing studies are often found in the modeling literature and draw opportunistically on small datasets collected for purposes other than the model application. Animal biotelemetry can provide the robust measurements that capture relevant ecological patterns needed to parameterize, calibrate, and assess hypotheses in IBMs; together they could help meet demand for predictive modeling and decision-support in the face of environmental change. Results. Using an exemplar, simple IBM that uses spatio-temporal movement patterns of 103 acoustic-tagged juvenile yearling Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to quantitatively assess two migratory strategies smolts are hypothesized to use while migrating north through the plume of the Columbia River (United States of America), we find that animal biotelemetry can provide the robust measurements that capture relevant ecological patterns needed to parameterize, calibrate, and assess hypotheses in IBMs; together they could help meet demand for predictive modeling and decision-support in the face of environmental change.Conclusions. Animal biotelemetry and individual-based modeling are now mature fields of inquiry. Our hope is that this model description and the basic analytical techniques will effectively illustrate individual-based models for the biotelemetry community, and perhaps inspire new collaborations between biotelemetry researchers and individual-based modelers.
Combining Machine Learning with Bayesian Inverse Modelling to Estimate the Conditional Probability of Developing Oropharyngeal Cancer following an Oral Human Papilloma Virus Infection
Authors: Tewari Prerna , Kashdan Eugene , Walsh Cathal , Martin Cara , Parnell Andrew , O'Leary John 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Despite an epidemic increase in the prevalence of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) related Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OPSCCs) in Northern America and parts of Europe, there is virtually no information about the natural history of these cancers. The lack of well–defined precursor lesions and limited data on oral HPV persistence and clearance rates, poses a challenge for disease modelling. We propose a novel mathematical modelling approach to estimate the conditional probability of developing HPV related OPSCCs following a prevalent HPV infection and other covariates. Methods We developed a double-Bayes method, whereby a Bayesian machine learning model first estimates the probability of an individual having an oral HPV infection, given OPSCC and other covariate information. The model is then inverted using Bayes’ theorem to reverse the probability relationship. The mathematical model was derived from two datasets representing the adult population in the United States (US), the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program (SEER) Head and Neck with HPV Status Database and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Results The model dataset contains 8,623 subjects of which 70.7% had a prevalent oral HPV positive infection. When stratified by age, sex, marital status and race/ethnicity, the model estimated higher conditional probability for developing OPSCCs following an oral HPV infection in non-Hispanic White males and females compared to other race/ethnicities. Non-Hispanic White males with an oral HPV infection had nearly two fold higher risk of developing OPSCC than non-Hispanic White females (10.6 cases per 10,000 thousand vs 5.05 cases per 10,000) in the age range 50-60. Conclusion We have employed a novel statistical approach to estimate the conditional probability of developing OPSCCs following an oral HPV infection and covariates age, sex, ethnicity and marital status in the US population. We recognise that at best this is a first guess estimate of a natural history model of HPV driven OPSCCs within the existing limitations of the model.
Proteasome Inhibitors Counteract the Effect of Cisplatin in HPV-Positive Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Vitro
Authors: Sugiyama Natsuki , Adrian Gabriel , Schwartz Stefan , Wennerberg Johan , Ekblad Lars 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background A rapid increase in human papilloma virus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is a global trend. Although HPV-positive patients have a more favorable prognosis, distant metastases occur, warranting new, systemic treatment options. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combining proteasome or MDM2 inhibitors with cisplatin on an HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell line (LU-HNSCC-26).Methods The LU-HNSCC-26 cells were treated with proteasome inhibitor (bortezomib, carfilzomib or ixazomib) or MDM2 inhibitor (RG7112) in combination with cisplatin. Combinatorial effects were analyzed by isobolograms. Protein expression was investigated by Western blotting and cell cycle phase distribution by flow cytometry. Results There was no synergy between the substances and cisplatin. All proteasome inhibitors displayed antagonistic effects while the MDM2 inhibitor was additive in combination with cisplatin. The expression of p53 was only marginally affected and apoptosis was not detected. The cell cycle progression was halted in G0/G1 with all inhibitors and in S phase with cisplatin. The expression of p21 increased by bortezomib or carfilzomib, ixazomib increased p21 in combination with cisplatin while RG7112 did not affect p21. There was no effect on ERCC1 with any of the substances.Conclusions In the investigated HPV16-positive OPSCC cell line, proteasome inhibition decreased the effect of cisplatin. A possible mechanism for this includes low effects on p53 expression with concomitant increase in p21 expression and blocking of cell cycle progression in G0/G1 with preserved DNA damage repair. The combination of proteasome inhibition with ordinary cytotoxic treatment for HPV-positive OPSCC patients is thus questionable, and clinical trials should be preceded by thorough testing in adequate models.
Comparison of Reproductive Health and its Related Factors in Vulnerable and Non-vulnerable Women
Authors: Zolfaghari - Elham , Boroumandfar - Zahra , Nekuei Nafisehsadat 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction:

Women's health is supposed to be one of the indicators of development. Reproductive health is an important part of women's health. Vulnerable women are a group of women whose reproductive health needs to be given special attention. The aim of this study was to compare reproductive health and its related factors in vulnerable and non-vulnerable women.
Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted on women covered by special centers for vulnerable women (n = 250) and comprehensive health centers (n = 250). The samples were randomly selected from Isfahan (Iran) from October to December 2017. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire completed by the researcher using interview method. Internal reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed to be 0.89 using Cronbach's alpha. The data were analyzed in SPSS 20 using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Pearson and Spearman tests. P < 0.05 was considered to be significant.
Results

The results showed that the mean total score of reproductive health in the non-vulnerable group (81.41) was significantly higher than that of the vulnerable group (68.6). The mean total score and the score of reproductive health components, except for access to and receipt of health services and healthy reproductive counseling, were significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). Having an addicted spouse and unsafe sex were the most prevalent features associated with high risk behaviors. Smoking and alcohol consumption were significantly higher in the vulnerable group (P < 0.01).
Conclusion

According to the results, reproductive health status of vulnerable women is inappropriate in all dimensions. Given the importance of this issue, the development and implementation of special health programs for this group seems to be necessary in order to promote their reproductive health.
Sustaining community choirs for diverse older adults after completion of the Community of Voices trial: A multi-stakeholder, multi-site qualitative study
Authors: Allison Theresa A. , Johnson Julene K. , Stewart Anita L , Portacolone Elena , Simpson Michaela , McSpadden Shireen , Sherman Sylvia , Napoles Anna Maria 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

The growing and increasingly diverse U.S. aging population needs sustainable, evidence-based interventions to maintain health and independence in the community. Through a three-way collaboration between a university research partner, an aging services partner and a community music partner, we developed and tested a senior center-based choir intervention for ethnically diverse older adults that decreased loneliness and increased engagement. We now report on the key factors affecting sustainment, defined by continuation of the choirs after the completion of the trial and ongoing participation of older adults.
Methods

Of the twelve choirs in the study, five were provided with additional funding to sustain the choirs for an additional six months, without technical support from the researchers. During this sustainment period, semi-structured individual and focus group interviews were conducted with key stakeholders (trial participants who continued in the choirs, music professionals, and administrators). We explored facilitators and barriers to continued participation in the choirs and sustainment of the choirs themselves by the senior centers and music professionals. Transcripts were open coded using ATLAS.ti by two researchers not involved in the original CRT, followed by axial coding by a third researcher. Differences were reconciled by discussion.
Results

Salient themes emerged at all levels. Intrapersonal: a sense of well-being and positive emotion facilitated choir participation, and sustainment of the choirs, but major health issues and negative emotions led trial participants to discontinue the choirs at the end of the trial. Interpersonal: a sense of social connection and support facilitated sustainment, but negative social interactions and competing obligations, particularly participants’ family responsibilities, created barriers. Structural/organizational: organizational features such as comfortable rehearsal space or clear scheduling, facilitated sustainment, but structural issues with parking and transportation created barriers. Administrators emphasized funding as crucial to sustainment. To date, all of the choirs from the original CRT have been sustained and the community partners are actively disseminating the intervention outside of the research setting.
Conclusions

Senior center-based choirs are readily sustainable. A conceptual model is provided to guide the implementation of future choirs and other community-based social interventions.
Trial registration:

The original trial was registered under ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT01869179. Registered 9 January 2013, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01869179
The Polymorphism of HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1,-DQB1,-DRB3/4/5 loci in Zhejiang Han Population,China Using NGS Technology
Authors: Wang Fang , Dong Lina , Wang Wei , Chen Nanying , Zhang Wei , He Ji , Zhu Faming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background The allele and haplotype frequencies of HLA loci are various in the populations. Most of the data for HLA alleles and haplotypes were at low resolution or two fields resolution. Here, the data for HLA alleles and haplotypes at three fields resolution was reported in Chinese Han population. Methods All samples were come from the Zhejiang Cord Blood Bank, China after information consent. HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1, -DRB3/4/5 loci was genotyped using next generation sequencing (NGS) method. The allele frequencies of HLA loci were analyzed at three fields resolution. The haplotype estimation and linkage disequilibrium analysis was used Arlequin software 3.5.2.2. Result The top three frequent alleles of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1 loci were A*11:01:01 (25.81%), A*24:02:01 (16.70%), A*02:01:01 (10.61%); B*40:01:02 (15.97%), B*46:01:01 (11.48%), B*58:01:01 (7.96%); C*07:02:01 (19.03%), C*01:02:01 (17.65%), C*03:04:01 (10.41%); DRB1*09:01:02 (17.96%), DRB1*12:02:01 (9.57%), DRB1*08:03:02 (9.54%); DQB1*03:01:01(21.05%), DQB1*03:03:02 (19.15%), DQB1*06:01:01 (12.08%); DRB4*01:03:01(25.72%), DRB3*02:02:01(20.27%), DRB5*01:01:01(10.96%) respectively. A total of 1542 distinct A-B-C-DRB1-DQB1-DRB3/4/5 haplotypes were identified. The alleles of HLA loci were showed strong linkage disequilibrium. Conclusion The data of allele and haplotype of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1 and -DRB3/4/5 loci at three fields resolution level was obtained, which will help to analyze the HLA ploymorphism in the populations.
Internal Hospital Crises and Disasters in The Netherlands, 2000-2020
Authors: Klokman Vincent , Barten Dennis G. , Peters Nathalie A.L.R. , Versteegen Marieke G.J. , Wijnands Jaap J.J. , Osch Frits van , Gaakeer Menno I. , Tan Edward C.T.H. , Boin Arjen 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Study ObjectiveInternal hospital crises and disasters (IHCDs) occur with regularity and require the attention of emergency managers, hospital administrators, and physicians to prepare their hospitals accordingly. Information on the frequency and types of IHCDs is limited and we aim to characterise the disasters that occurred in Dutch hospitals from 2000 to 2020.MethodsA retrospective search of news articles utilizing the LexisNexis database, Google, Google News, PubMed and EMBASE between 2000 and 2020 was conducted. All articles mentioning the closure of a hospital department in the Netherlands were analysed.ResultsA total of 134 IHCDs were identified in a 20-year time period. Of these IHCDs, there were 96 (71.6%) emergency department (ED) closures, 76 (56.7%) operation room (OR) closures, 56 (41.8%) evacuations, 26 (17.9%) reports of injured persons, and 2 (1.5%) reported casualties. Cascading events of multiple failures transpired in 39 (29.1%) IHCDs. The primary causes of IHCDs were Information and Communication Technology (ICT) failures, technical failures, fires, power failures, and hazardous material danger. An average of 6.7 IHCDs occurred per year and a comparison between initial and latter decade intervals showed an increasing trend with a rate ratio (RR) of 3.2. ICT failures have also significantly increased in this same interval with a RR of 14.2.ConclusionIHCDs occur frequently in the Netherlands and have marked effects on hospital critical care departments; EDs in particular. Significantly increasing numbers of IHCDs and ICT related IHCDs per year indicate a worrying trend requiring attention by emergency managers and hospital administrators.
Relationship Between Changes in Quality of Life and Grading of Genitourinary Toxicity After Brachytherapy with I-125 Alone for Localised Prostate Cancer
Authors: Hashimoto Yaichiro , Motegi Atsushi , Akimoto Tetsuo , Mitsuhashi Norio , Omatsu Kenta , Kawanishi Miki , Ishi Yuka , Kono Sawa , Iizuka Junpei , Tanabe Kazunari , Karasawa Kumiko , Kuribayashi Shigehiko 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background A rapid increase in human papilloma virus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is a global trend. Although HPV-positive patients have a more favorable prognosis, distant metastases occur, warranting new, systemic treatment options. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of combining proteasome or MDM2 inhibitors with cisplatin on an HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma cell line (LU-HNSCC-26).Methods The LU-HNSCC-26 cells were treated with proteasome inhibitor (bortezomib, carfilzomib or ixazomib) or MDM2 inhibitor (RG7112) in combination with cisplatin. Combinatorial effects were analyzed by isobolograms. Protein expression was investigated by Western blotting and cell cycle phase distribution by flow cytometry. Results There was no synergy between the substances and cisplatin. All proteasome inhibitors displayed antagonistic effects while the MDM2 inhibitor was additive in combination with cisplatin. The expression of p53 was only marginally affected and apoptosis was not detected. The cell cycle progression was halted in G0/G1 with all inhibitors and in S phase with cisplatin. The expression of p21 increased by bortezomib or carfilzomib, ixazomib increased p21 in combination with cisplatin while RG7112 did not affect p21. There was no effect on ERCC1 with any of the substances.Conclusions In the investigated HPV16-positive OPSCC cell line, proteasome inhibition decreased the effect of cisplatin. A possible mechanism for this includes low effects on p53 expression with concomitant increase in p21 expression and blocking of cell cycle progression in G0/G1 with preserved DNA damage repair. The combination of proteasome inhibition with ordinary cytotoxic treatment for HPV-positive OPSCC patients is thus questionable, and clinical trials should be preceded by thorough testing in adequate models.
Association of physical fitness and motor ability at young age with locomotive syndrome risk in middle-aged and older men: J-Fit+ Study
Authors: Shen Shaoshuai , Suzuki Koya , Kohmura Yoshimitsu , Fuku Noriyuki , Someya Yuki , Naito Hisashi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Physical fitness and motor ability are associated with the incidence of locomotive syndrome (LS) in the elderly. The relationship between physical fitness and motor ability at a young age and LS risk in later life remains to be clarified. This study examined the association between physical fitness and motor ability among university students and their risk of LS in middle and old age.

Methods

The participants were 231 male alumni aged 48–65 years of the Department of Physical Education of a university in Japan. Physical fitness and motor ability test results during their fourth year of university were used. Physical fitness tests included side-step test, vertical jump tests, back muscle, grip strength, trunk lift, standing trunk flexion, and step-test. Motor ability was tested using the 50-meter, 1,500-meter run, running long jump, hand-ball throw, and pull-up test. LS risk was assessed using a seven-question standardized self-administered Loco-check questionnaire. Participants were divided into three groups (low, medium, and high) based on physical fitness and motor ability test results at young age and the LS risk was assessed at older age across the three groups using the Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

From the 2017 follow-up questionnaires, LS risk was suspected in 31 (13.4%) participants. Higher performance on the side-step test was associated with reduced risk of LS (hazard ratio 0.22; 95% confidence interval, 0.058–0.798, P=0.022).

Conclusions

Good agility (side-step test) at a young age may reduce future risk of LS among middle-aged and older men.
The Illness and Treatment Beliefs of Adults with Blepharospasm and Hemifacial Spasm Receiving Botulinum Toxin Injections: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Lawes-Wickwar Sadie , McBain Hayley , Hirani Shashivadan P. , Hurt Catherine S. , Dunlop Nicola , Solly Dianne , Crampton Bridget , Newman Stanton P. , Ezra Daniel G. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background/ Aims: Benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) and hemifacial spasm (HFS) cause eyelid and/or facial spasms. Treatment with botulinum toxin leads to a cyclical pattern of relief followed by symptoms returning. Limited evidence suggests a link between patients’ beliefs about their symptoms and perceived efficacy of treatment but further research is needed to establish the specific beliefs held by BEB and HFS about their condition and its treatment. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 130 patients with BEB or HFS was conducted at Moorfields Eye Hospital, London. Beliefs about the conditions and treatments were assessed using the Illness Perceptions Questionnaire (IPQ-R) and Treatment Representations Inventory (TRI). Patients also completed the Blepharospasm Disability Index (BSDI) and Craniocervical Dystonia Questionnaire (CDQ-24). Severity and frequency of spasms were recorded using the Jankovic Rating Scale (JRS). Relationships between the outcomes were identified using Pearson’s product-moment correlation. Results: A range of beliefs about the conditions and botulinum toxin were identified: participants associated BEB and HFS with a chronic timeline and believed their condition was not caused by psychological factors, risks, or their personality or lifestyle. Participants also demonstrated decision satisfaction related to treatment but had some treatment concerns. There was notable uncertainty in a number of patients’ beliefs. Conclusions: Participants believed their condition to be chronic and generally understood what caused BEB or HFS. Strong relationships between patients’ beliefs about their condition and treatment, and aspects of quality of life, were identified. This study highlights the uncertainty patients face in managing their condition which could be addressed in future interventions to improve patient outcomes, including quality of life.
Comparison of percutaneous vertebroplasty with a side-hole push rod and conventional percutaneous vertebroplasty for the treatment of OVCFs
Authors: Jin Zhengshuai , Zhou Hailong , Yan Xuefei , Wang Chunming , Mao Yuanqing , Tao Qiaolian , Qian Jinfang , Gu Jun , Chen Sheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of percutaneous vertebroplasty with a side-hole push rod (modified PVP) and conventional PVP in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).Materials and methodsThis study included 69 patients with 1-level OVCFs. Perioperative indicators, including the operative time, cement injection volume, cement leakage rate, and distribution of cement in the fractured area, were analysed. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were administered pre- and postoperatively.ResultsNo significant differences were observed in the operative time or cement injection volume between the two groups (p > 0.05). The total diffusion score of bone cement in the PVP group was significantly lower than that in the modified PVP group (p < 0.05). Compared with the conventional PVP group, the modified PVP group had a significantly lower VAS score at 3 days postoperatively (p < 0.05). There were no differences in the VAS or ODI scores between the two groups at the last follow-up (p > 0.05). Bone cement leakage was observed in 15 cases in the conventional PVP group (15/32) and in 9 cases in the modified PVP group (9/37).ConclusionThe modified version of PVP provides sufficient cement to fill the fractured area and is associated with a lower incidence of cement leakage and undesired postoperative results than is conventional PVP, indicating that modified PVP is a safe and effective new technique for the treatment of OVCFs.