bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of tumor size as the only factor associated with non-diagnostic biopsies in patients with small renal masses
Authors: Gillis Charlie J. , Rendon Ricardo , MacDonald Landan P. , Jewett Michael A.S. , French Christopher , Ajzenberg Henry , Almatar Ashraf , Abdolell Mohammed , Organ Michael 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: As greater numbers of small renal masses (SRMs) are discovered incidentally, renal tumor biopsy (RTB) is an increasingly recognized step for the management of these lesions, ideally for the prevention of surgical overtreatment for benign disease. While the diagnosis can often be obtained preoperatively by RTB, indeterminate results create greater difficulty for patients and clinicians. This study examines a series of RTBs, identifying the portion of these that were able to yield a diagnosis, and correlates patient factors, including RENAL and PADUA scoring, with the outcome of a non-diagnostic result.
Methods: Patients were identified as having undergone RTB at the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Ontario, Canada, between January 2000 and December 2009. Data was compiled from these 423 patients and analyzed using CART methodology to determine the level of association between various patient and tumor factors and the outcome of a non-diagnostic biopsy. Tumor size was further used to develop a classification tree to describe the prediction of a non-diagnostic biopsy.
Results: Of these 423 patients undergoing RTB, 66 (16%) resulted in a non-diagnostic biopsy. The only patient or tumor factor that was found to be associated with a non-diagnostic outcome was mass size, where small masses (<1.28 cm diameter) were found to have a 38% chance of being non-diagnostic, compared with a 13% chance in those tumors >1.28 cm diameter (86% accuracy, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82–0.89).
Conclusions: When evaluating SRMs for diagnostic workup, mass size is the only tumor or patient characteristic associated with a non-diagnostic RTB.
Les commémorations profanées dans Les Marchands de gloire de Pagnol-Nivoix et Au revoir là-haut de Pierre Lemaitre
Authors: Brun Marion 
Published: December 2019

L’article compare le roman de Pierre LemaitreAu revoir là-hautpublié en 2013 et la pièce de théâtre de Marcel Pagnol et de Paul NivoixLes Marchands de gloiremontée au Théâtre de la Madeleine en 1925. Ces deux fictions mettent en scène le contexte de l’immédiat après-guerre et traitent de l’opportunisme des survivants qui exploitent la mémoire des morts. Les deux ouvrages contribuent à asseoir les représentations satiriques des années 1920 d’une France déboussolée par la mise à mal de l’idéal héroïque. Romancier et dramaturges prennent un parti antimilitariste et s’intéressent à la perte d’identité des vétérans et des soldats enterrés. Ils donnent à voir le renversement de la société qui privilégie les hommes de l’arrière aux survivants. Ces textes proposent une satire de l’hypocrisie commémorative de la France des monuments. Les écrivains mettent ainsi au tombeau les illusions héroïques de la victoire.
The unnecessary dose behind cropped radiographs
Authors: Guðjónsdóttir Jónína 
Published: November 2019

Objectives:
In this study it was evaluated how common image cropping, or electronic collimation, is in digital radiography, how large an area of the images is cropped and how high the radiation dose is that corresponds to the cropped area.Methods: A sample of images were taken from three medical imaging departments. The images were reviewed; and if cropped, the extent was recorded.
Results:
A total of 1.270 images were reviewed. 10.6 % of them were cropped; 19 %, 7 % and 6 % in sites A, B and C, respectively. 26 % of all chest images were cropped as well as 18 %, 13 %, 10 %, 10 %, 3 % and 2 % of lumbar spine, shoulder, hip, knee, hand and foot images, respectively. The proportion of cropped images was significantly different between sites and between examinations (p < 0.05). Considering only the cropped images, the average cropped fraction of each image was from 16.0 % to 36.3 % and the corresponding unnecessary dose were estimated to be from 19.0 % to 56.9 % of the dose actually needed for the final image. Averaging the cropped area over all images in the same type of examination showed that up to 4.6 % of the dose in the examinations in the study was unnecessary.
Conclusions:
This study confirms that radiographs cropped, is a latent source of additional radiation dose to the patients. This needs be considered in the optimization of radiographic imaging procedures.
MUCG ved vesiko-ureteral reflux hos barn
Authors: Christie Tayla , Petersén Kamilla 
Published: November 2019

Vesikoureteral reflux, et backflöde av urin skjer från urinblåsan till uretärerna och njurbäckenet, drabbar barn. För att diagnostisera reflux används ultraljud, njurscintigrafi och främst miktionsuretrocystografi under genomlysning. Syftet var att dokumentera skillnader i undersøkning av reflux, vid en empirisk kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie. Nio röntgenklinikers metodböcker samt deres stråldoser ble dokumentert.. Olika antal projektioner används för flickor respektive pojkar, og variasjoner i utførelsen av dem. Stråldoserna varierar; dock ses att samtliga kliniker i åldersgruppen 0–3 år har stråldoser under referensnivåerna enligt finska strålsäkerhetscentralen.
Factors that may contribute to an inadequate radiology request form
Authors: Otterberg Mitch , Gunneröd Johan 
Published: November 2019

The radiology request/referral is an important part of the communication between the referring physician and the radiology department. It forms the basis for radiologists and radiographers to be able to carry out their work. Through the radiologic request form, the referrer orders an examination for a patient, as part of the patient's medical examination or follow-up. In conjunction with education and practice, we have noticed that reduced quality of the referrals is not uncommon. The aim was to identify the main contributing factors to unjustified referrals for diagnostic imaging procedures. A literature review was undertaken.
Analyzing the literature, the overall themes emerged, and resulted in five subcategories; 1) insufficient, inaccurate or lack of clinical information or questioning, 2) weaknesses in choosing the desired modality, 3) missing routines and 4) need for further standardization of the referring-practice, and 5) insufficient knowledge of radiological diagnostics on behalf of the referring physicians. Weaknesses in clinical history and questioning were the most frequently presented contributing factors.
Can pediatric radiography be practiced appropriately in a hospital, without a dedicated diagnostic imaging unit? A case study.
Authors: Rusandu Albertina , Stranden Erling 
Published: November 2019

Introduction
Due to Norway’s population density, demographic scatter and topography, performing radiological examinations in children in the same unit as in adults is quite common despite international guidelines recommending use of dedicated pediatric radiology units. Children examined in non-dedicated pediatric facilities are therefore a unique patient group who requires special attention.
This study investigates pediatric radiography practice at a small local hospital lacking a dedicated pediatric radiology department by comparing it with the ideals of good practice as stated by international agencies. The aspects analyzed are organization, radiation safety and optimization.
Methods
The approach is qualitative, based on participant observation, document investigation and interviews with radiographers.
Results
Radiologists evaluated referrals. Age specific pediatric CT-protocols were being used. Awareness of the greater radiation risk in children and radiation safety concern were common among the radiographers. Some radiographers had experience from pediatric imaging departments while none of them had postgraduate studies in pediatric radiography. Lack of extensive practice due to reduced pediatric patient volume makes sometimes the examination of children be a challenging task. Communication with children seemed to go well.
Conclusion
Despite variations in experience with children among radiographers and lack of specialization in pediatric radiography, the practice is largely in accordance with international recommendations. Radiation protection and optimization requirements met, although the departmental organization slightly diverges from prevailing guidelines. Slightly different practice and experience with children among radiographers indicate the need for special guidelines for pediatric imaging for non-dedicated pediatric radiology departments.
Switching between standard coral reef benthic monitoring protocols is complicated: proof of concept
Authors: Vallès Henri , Oxenford Hazel A. , Henderson Alex 
Published: December 2019

Monitoring the state of coral reefs is necessary to identify drivers of change and assess effectiveness of management actions. There are several widely-used survey methods, each of which is likely to exhibit different biases that should be quantified if the purpose is to combine datasets obtained via different survey methods. The latter is a particularly important consideration when switching methodologies in long-term monitoring programs and is highly relevant to the Caribbean today. This is because of the continuing need for regionally comparable coral reef monitoring datasets and the fact that the Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network (GCRMN)-Caribbean node is now recommending a photoquadrat (PQ) method over the chain intercept transect method widely adopted by the members of the first truly regional monitoring network, Caribbean Coastal Marine Productivity Program (CARICOMP), in the early-1990s. Barbados, a member of the CARICOMP network, has been using a variation of the chain intercept method in its long-term coral reef monitoring program for more than two decades. Now a member of GCRMN-Caribbean, Barbados is considering switching to the PQ method in conformity with other regional members. Since we expect differences between methods, this study seeks to quantify the nature of those differences to inform Barbados and others considering switching methods. In 2017, both methods were concurrently implemented at 21 permanent monitoring plots across three major reef types in Barbados. Differences in % cover estimates for the six major benthic components, that is, hard corals, sponges, gorgonians, macroalgae, turf algae and crustose coralline algae, were examined within and among reef types. Overall, we found a complex pattern of differences between methods that depended on the benthic component, its relative abundance, and the reef type. We conclude that most benthic components would require a different conversion procedure depending on the reef type, and we provide an example of these procedures for Barbados. The factors that likely contribute to the complex pattern of between-method differences are discussed. Overall, our findings highlight that switching methods will be complicated, but not impossible. Finally, our study fills an important gap by underscoring a promising analytical framework to guide the comparison of ecological survey methods on coral reefs.
Reproducibility of cognitive endpoints in clinical trials: lessons from neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Payne Jonathan M. , Hearps Stephen J. C. , Walsh Karin S. , Paltin Iris , Barton Belinda , Ullrich Nicole J. , Haebich Kristina M. , Coghill David , Gioia Gerard A. , Cantor Alan , Cutter Gary , Tonsgard James H. , Viskochil David , Rey‐Casserly Celiane , Schorry Elizabeth K. , Ackerson Joseph D. , Klesse Laura , Fisher Michael J. , Gutmann David H. , Rosser Tena , Packer Roger J. , Korf Bruce , Acosta Maria T. , North Kathryn N. ,   the NF Clinical Trials Consortium
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveRapid developments in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits in neurodevelopmental disorders have increased expectations for targeted, mechanism‐based treatments. However, translation from preclinical models to human clinical trials has proven challenging. Poor reproducibility of cognitive endpoints may provide one explanation for this finding. We examined the suitability of cognitive outcomes for clinical trials in children with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) by examining test‐retest reliability of the measures and the application of data reduction techniques to improve reproducibility.MethodsData were analyzed from the STARS clinical trial (n = 146), a multi‐center double‐blind placebo‐controlled phase II trial of lovastatin, conducted by the NF Clinical Trials Consortium. Intra‐class correlation coefficients were generated between pre‐ and post‐performances (16‐week interval) on neuropsychological endpoints in the placebo group to determine test‐retest reliabilities. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to reduce data into cognitive domains and account for measurement error.ResultsTest‐retest reliabilities were highly variable, with most endpoints demonstrating unacceptably low reproducibility. Data reduction confirmed four distinct neuropsychological domains: executive functioning/attention, visuospatial ability, memory, and behavior. Test‐retest reliabilities of latent factors improved to acceptable levels for clinical trials. Applicability and utility of our model was demonstrated by homogeneous effect sizes in the reanalyzed efficacy data.InterpretationThese data demonstrate that single observed endpoints are not appropriate to determine efficacy, partly accounting for the poor test‐retest reliability of cognitive outcomes in clinical trials in neurodevelopmental disorders. Recommendations to improve reproducibility are outlined to guide future trial design.
Advanced Actuator Materials Powered by Biomimetic Helical Fiber Topologies
Authors: Spinks Geoffrey M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHelical constructs are ubiquitous in nature at all size domains, from molecular to macroscopic. The helical topology confers unique mechanical functions that activate certain phenomena, such as twining vines and vital cellular functions like the folding and packing of DNA into chromosomes. The understanding of active mechanical processes in plants, certain musculature in animals, and some biochemical processes in cells provides insight into the versatility of the helix. Most of these natural systems consist of helically oriented filaments embedded in a compliant matrix. In some cases, the matrix can change volume and in others the filaments can contract and the matrix is passive. In both cases, the helically arranged fibers determine the overall shape change with a great variety of responses involving length contraction/elongation, twisting, bending, and coiling. Synthetic actuator materials and systems that employ helical topologies have been described recently and demonstrate many fascinating and complex shape changes. However, significant new opportunities exist to mimic some of the most remarkable actions in nature, including the Vorticella's coiling stalk and DNA's supercoils, in the quest for superior artificial muscles.
Postoperative non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and anastomotic leakage after gastrointestinal anastomoses: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jamjittrong Supaschin , Matsuda Akihisa , Matsumoto Satoshi , Kamonvarapitak Tunyaporn , Sakurazawa Nobuyuki , Kawano Youichi , Yamada Takeshi , Suzuki Hideyuki , Miyashita Masao , Yoshida Hiroshi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimNon‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to control postoperative pain; however, their postoperative use has been associated with anastomotic leakage after gastrointestinal surgery. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to determine the correlation between the use of NSAIDs and anastomotic leakage.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive electronic literature search up to August 2018 to identify studies comparing anastomotic leakage in patients with and without postoperative NSAID use following gastrointestinal surgery. We then carried out a meta‐analysis using random‐effects models to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsTwenty‐four studies were included in this meta‐analysis, including a total of 31 877 patients. Meta‐analysis showed a significant association between NSAID use and anastomotic leakage (OR 1.73; 95% CI = 1.31‐2.29, P < .0001). Subgroup analyses showed that non‐selective NSAIDs, but not selective cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors, were significantly associated with anastomotic leakage. However there was no significant subgroup difference between selective and non‐selective NSAIDs.ConclusionResults of this meta‐analysis indicate that postoperative NSAID use is associated with anastomotic leakage following gastrointestinal surgeries. Caution is warranted when using NSAIDs for postoperative analgesic control in patients with gastrointestinal anastomoses.
Inward‐ and Outward‐Directed Violence in the Lives of Urban Minority Adults Followed from Middle School into Their Thirties
Authors: O'Donnell Lydia , Vrba Eric , Miller Melanie , Dash Kim , Kar Heidi , Reed Gerald A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study explores connections between inward‐directed violence and outward‐directed violence using data from the Reach for Health sample, which was originally recruited in the 1990s from three middle schools in economically distressed, predominantly African American neighborhoods of New York City. Now in their thirties, participants (N = 595) completed surveys assessing current suicidal thoughts and behaviors as well as other violence involvements, including intimate partner violence victimization and perpetration. About 10% of males and females reported any suicidal ideation or attempt in the past 12 months. In logistic regression analyses adjusting for sociodemographics, prior reports of feeling blue in middle school (OR: 1.12, CI: 1.02–4.39) and young adult suicidality (OR: 2.54, CI: 1.30–4.95) are significantly related to later suicidality. So are concurrent aggressive behaviors, including reports of physical fighting outside the home (OR: 2.70, CI: 1.29–5.67) and IPV perpetration (OR: 2.09, CI: 1.11–3.94). Neither IPV victimization nor witnessing neighborhood violence is correlated. Findings shed light on the persistence of suicidality in the lives of those who come of age, and often remain, in communities with high levels of poverty, and confirm linkages of suicidality with externally directed aggression. Life‐stage interventions are needed to counter the interwoven causes and consequences of multiple forms of violence.
Survey of anesthesiologists on anesthetic maintenance techniques and total intravenous anesthesia for endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Yoshiyasu Yuki , Lao Veronica F. , Schechtman Samuel , Colquhoun Douglas A. , Dhillon Sabrina , Chen Philip G. 
Published: December 2019

BackgroundInhalational anesthesia and total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) are techniques used for maintenance of general anesthesia for endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Growing evidence exists that TIVA may be associated with decreased bleeding and improved surgical fields, yet data suggest it is used in a minority of sinus surgery cases. The objective of this study was to investigate perceptions and approaches to anesthetic maintenance techniques in ESS among anesthesia providers.MethodsA total of 719 anesthesiology residents, faculty, and certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs) at 3 tertiary academic centers in the United States were invited to participate in a survey of considerations and practice patterns for inhalational anesthesia and TIVA for ESS.ResultsResponses were received from 200 participants (28%). Sixty‐five percent of respondents reported a lack of familiarity with current literature on TIVA for ESS. Many considered factors other than surgical field visualization when choosing a maintenance technique. Most were comfortable with performing TIVA but stated they would participate in additional training.ConclusionThe majority of anesthesiology providers were unaware of the existing literature demonstrating advantage in improved surgical visualization with TIVA. Many used a combination of inhaled and intravenous anesthetics for maintenance. These findings suggest that future opportunities may exist to develop education, training, and practice approaches specific to anesthetic techniques for ESS.
Imidazotetrazines as Weighable Diazomethane Surrogates for Esterifications and Cyclopropanations
Authors: Svec Riley L. , Hergenrother Paul J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractDiazomethane is one of the most versatile reagents in organic synthesis, but its utility is limited by its hazardous nature. Although alternative methods exist to perform the unique chemistry of diazomethane, these suffer from diminished reactivity and/or correspondingly harsher conditions. Herein, we describe the repurposing of imidazotetrazines (such as temozolomide, TMZ, the standard of care for glioblastoma) for use as synthetic precursors of alkyl diazonium reagents. TMZ was employed to conduct esterifications and metal‐catalyzed cyclopropanations, and results show that methyl ester formation from a wide variety of substrates is especially efficient and operationally simple. TMZ is a commercially available solid that is non‐explosive and non‐toxic, and should find broad utility as a replacement for diazomethane.
Stable Heterometallic Cluster‐Based Organic Framework Catalysts for Artificial Photosynthesis
Authors: Dong Long‐Zhang , Zhang Lei , Liu Jiang , Huang Qing , Lu Meng , Ji Wen‐Xin , Lan Ya‐Qian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA series of stable heterometallic Fe2M cluster‐based MOFs (NNU‐31‐M, M=Co, Ni, Zn) photocatalysts are presented. They can achieve the overall conversion of CO2 and H2O into HCOOH and O2 without the assistance of additional sacrificial agent and photosensitizer. The heterometallic cluster units and photosensitive ligands excited by visible light generate separated electrons and holes. Then, low‐valent metal M accepts electrons to reduce CO2, and high‐valent Fe uses holes to oxidize H2O. This is the first MOF photocatalyst system to finish artificial photosynthetic full reaction. It is noted that NNU‐31‐Zn exhibits the highest HCOOH yield of 26.3 μmol g−1 h−1 (selectivity of ca. 100 %). Furthermore, the DFT calculations based on crystal structures demonstrate the photocatalytic reaction mechanism. This work proposes a new strategy for how to design crystalline photocatalyst to realize artificial photosynthetic overall reaction.
High Uptake and Fast Transportation of LiPF6 in a Porous Aromatic Framework for Solid‐State Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zou Junyan , Trewin Abbie , Ben Teng , Qiu Shilun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSolid‐state Li‐ion batteries (SSLIBs) have recently attracted substantial attention from scientists for the advantages of better safety performance. However, there are still several key challenges in SSLIBs that need to be addressed, such as low energy density, poor thermal stability or cycle stability, and large interface resistance. This contribution introduces a novel SSLIB with a porous aromatic framework (PAF‐1) accommodating LiPF6 that was used as the solid‐state electrolyte (SSE) replacing the liquid electrolyte and diaphragm of traditional Li‐ion batteries. The charge, discharge capacity, rate performance and cycle stability of the SSLIB were remarkably enhanced.