bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics, Bioequivalence, and Safety Studies of Prucalopride in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Authors: Zhou Ziye , Wang Chenxiang , Zheng Xuyong , Yu Xuben , Yu Chao , Zhang Dongchuan , Xia Yan , Chen Huafang , Huang Xiaoxiao , Zhang Xiuhua 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe objectives of the present study were to evaluate the bioequivalence of 2 tablet formulations of prucalopride, generic and branded, and to investigate relevant pharmacokinetic and safety profiles. This study was designed as a randomized, open‐label, fasting, single‐dose, crossover, and dual‐period trial. After overnight fasting, 12 subjects were given prucalopride tablets via oral administration, and blood specimens were obtained up to 96 hours after dosing. Prucalopride concentrations in plasma were measured using ultraprecision liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry followed by calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters. The safety of prucalopride was assessed throughout the study. The pharmacokinetics of prucalopride can be defined as a 2‐compartment model with a long elimination phase. No significant differences were observed between the pharmacokinetic profiles of the generic and branded prucalopride tablets. Bioequivalence was evaluated using 90%CIs for the ratio test/reference of log area under the concentration‐time curve over 96 hours, log area under the concentration‐time curve to infinity, and log peak concentration from generic and branded tablets, which were 100.06–109.94%, 100.63–110.32%, and 95.84–113.08%, respectively. During administration of the medication, there were 18 adverse events in 6 subjects in the test formulation group and 19 cases of adverse events in 6 subjects in the reference formulation group (P > .05). No severe adverse effects were detected. These results suggest that generic and branded prucalopride tablets are bioequivalent and show similar safety profiles.
Recent Progress in Two‐Dimensional Layered Double Hydroxides and Their Derivatives for Supercapacitors
Authors: Gao Xiaorui , Wang Peikui , Pan Zhenghui , Claverie Jerome P. , Wang John 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHigh‐performance supercapacitors have attracted great attention due to their high power, fast charging/discharging, long lifetime, and high safety. However, the generally low energy density and overall device performance of supercapacitors limit their applications. In recent years, the design of rational electrode materials has proven to be an effective pathway to improve the capacitive performances of supercapacitors. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs), have shown great potential in new‐generation supercapacitors, due to their unique two‐dimensional layered structures with a high surface area and tunable composition of the host layers and intercalation species. Herein, recent progress in LDH‐based, LDH‐derived, and composite‐type electrode materials targeted for applications in supercapacitors, by tuning the chemical/metal composition, growth morphology, architectures, and device integration, is reviewed. The complicated relationships between the composition, morphology, structure, and capacitive performance are presented. A brief projection is given for the challenges and perspectives of LDHs for energy research.
Explicit solutions of two‐variable scattering equations describing lossless low‐pass two‐ports with mixed lumped and distributed elements
Authors: Şengül Metin , Eker Göker 
Published: December 2019

SummaryOne of the methods to describe mixed lumped and distributed element two‐port networks is to use two‐variable scattering equations. In literature, the solutions of these explicit descriptive equations for some classes of low‐order ladder networks are derived under some restrictions. In this paper, the complete and explicit solutions of the equations are derived to describe lossless low‐pass two‐port networks with mixed lumped and distributed elements, up to four elements, without any restrictions.
Detecting – the 2004 Athens Olympic Games
Authors: Georgakopoulos Costas 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA summary of the preparations and the operation of the Athens Doping Control Laboratory for the 2004 Olympic Games is presented. The preparations involved an upgrade of the laboratory infrastructure: staff, equipment, space, new analytical methodologies. The operation of the laboratory during the Games created a major number of events in agreement with the International Olympic Committee's commitment to doping‐free “clean” Games. This summary was created by the director of the Athens Doping Control Laboratory and reflected the author's outlook 15 years later.
Facile microfluidic fabrication of monodispersed self‐coupling microcavity with fine tunability
Authors: Zhang Ran , Liu Yilin , Liu Qing , Zhang Yueyue , Ma Xing , Song Qinghai , Feng Huanhuan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators have received extensive attention because of their nonlinear optical application in lasers and sensors. Optical microcavities are excellent candidates for constructing powerful microlasers and label‐free biosensors, owing to their low optical losses and small size. However, most of these microcavity syntheses rely on sophisticated fabrication methods and cannot be manipulated easily. To achieve facile and versatile microcavity fabrication, we present a robust microfluidics method for monodispersed self‐coupling optical microcavity fabrication with a fine tunability. The microcavity polydispersity was less than 3%. The optical microcavity size could be varied from 10 to 30 µm with a steady quality factor (Q) of approximately 1000. The lowest laser threshold that we obtained was 0.82 µJ with a microcavity size of 20 µm. The doped fluorescent dye concentration can be tuned precisely from 0.001 to 0.05 wt% to explore an optimized fluorescent background. The experimental results and theoretical simulation match well in terms of Q and the electrometric resonance field intensity. Compared with previous precise and practical fabrication methods, we have demonstrated a facile approach for versatile optical microcavity fabrication. This method can vary the microcavity materials, size, doped fluorescent dye concentration, WGM resonance spectrum, Q factor, and laser threshold easily to adapt to various circumstances and specific applications.
Research on pressure‐stabilizing system for transfer device for natural gas hydrate cores
Authors: Gao Qiaoling , Chen Jiawang , Liu Junbo , Gu Linyi , Liu Fanglan , Geng Xueqiao , Xiao Bo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTo broaden the analysis means for natural gas hydrate (NGH)‐pressured cores, long‐columnar cores are usually cut into smaller segments with a pressure‐retaining transfer device for NGH. The pressure‐stabilizing system is the core part of a transfer device for NGH, providing a stable high‐pressure environment for the transfer process to avoid NGH decomposition. In this study, the characteristics of the pressure‐stabilizing system were thoroughly studied, and the factors affecting the pressure fluctuations in the transfer device were discussed. Accordingly, the pressure‐stabilizing system was modeled with AMESim software, and the model parameters were set according to the actual working conditions. The simulated pressure fluctuations in the transfer process of transfer device for NGH confirm the theoretical results, which indicate that the precharge pressure of the accumulator should be 0.8‐0.9 times the working pressure. In addition, an increased accumulator volume decelerates the response of the system. Experiments were conducted to test the reliability of the pressure‐stabilizing system. During the transfer process of the NGH sample, the operating pressure can reach 20 MPa, and the fluctuations of the inner pressure are below 20%.
A rare move: The effects of switching from a closing call auction to a continuous trading
Authors: Chang Ya‐Kai , Chou Robin K. , Yang J. Jimmy 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of switching to a closing continuous trading (CCT) on market quality, while considering the trading behaviors of different types of traders. Investors become more patient in the period preceding the last trading phase, which reduces the bid–ask spread (BAS) in that period. We find an increase in the BAS and volatility during the last trading phase, due to diminishing investor patience. Market volatility and the closing pricing errors relate positively to the trading activities of foreign institutional investors. Overall, the introduction of the CCT worsens the market quality before the closing.
Utilization of mineral carbonation products: current state and potential
Authors: Woodall Caleb M. , McQueen Noah , Pilorgé Hélène , Wilcox Jennifer 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMineral carbonation (MC) is a form of carbon capture and storage that reacts CO2with alkaline feedstock to securely store CO2as solid carbonate minerals. To improve process economics and accelerate commercial deployment, research has increased around product utilization, where markets exist primarily in the construction industry. This review assesses the potential for advancing MC product utilization to decrease CO2emissions toward neutral, or even negative, values. First, the literature surrounding the current state and challenges for indirect MC processes is reviewed, indicating that process intensification and scale‐up are important areas for further research. Alkalinity sources available for MC are examined, differentiating between those sourced from industrial processes and mining operations. Investigation of possible end uses of carbonate products reveals that further CO2avoidance can be achieved by replacing conventional carbon‐intensive products. Companies that are currently commercializing MC processes are categorized based on the feed used and materials produced. An analysis of company process types indicates that up to 3 GtCO2 year–1could be avoided globally. It is suggested that upcoming commercial efforts should focus on the carbonation of industrial wastes located near CO2sources to produce precast concrete blocks. Carbonation of conventional concrete shows the highest potential for CO2avoidance, but may face some market resistance. Carbonation of Mg silicates lacks sufficient market demand and requires the development of new high‐value products to overcome the expense of mining and feed preparation. It is suggested that research focus on enhanced understanding of magnesia cement chemistry and the development of flame‐retardant mineral fillers. © 2019 The Authors. Greenhouse Gases: Science and Technology published by Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of nonlinear partial slip and thermal radiation on Oldroyd 8‐constant fluid in a channel with convective boundary condition
Authors: Abiodun Gbadeyan Jacob , Abdulkadir Yusuf Tunde 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis investigation deals with the effects of nonlinear slip, nonlinear thermal radiation, and non‐Newtonian flow parameters on heat transfer of an incompressible magnetohydrodynamic steady flow of an Oldroyd 8‐constant fluid through two parallel infinite plates with convective cooling. The Rosseland approximation is adopted to simulate the radiation effects. Heat exchange with the surrounding at the surfaces is assumed to obey Newton's law of cooling. The system of coupled and highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations governing the model is solved numerically using the method of weighted residual. The combined effects of non‐Newtonian flow parameters, velocity slip parameter, magnetic field parameter, Biot numbers, thermal radiation on the fluid velocity, temperature distributions, skin friction, and the Nusselt number are presented graphically and discussed. It is found that the velocity slip has an increasing effect on the fluid velocity and temperature profiles. For larger values of the thermal radiation parameter, the temperature profile and the Nusselt number are noticed to be increased.
Effects of particle fouling and magnetic field on porous fin for improved cooling of consumer electronics
Authors: Oguntala George , Sobamowo Gbeminiyi , Abd‐Alhameed Raed 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe combined effect of particulate fouling and magnetic field on the efficiency of a convective–radiative porous fin heatsink with temperature‐dependent thermal conductivity is presented. The developed thermal models are solved using differential transformation method. The effects of thermal conductivity, porosity, convection, radiation parameter, and thermal fouling number on the fin thermal efficiency are investigated. The presence of thermal fouling on the surface of the fin is shown to increase the temperature distribution. The presence of particle deposition on the fin surface significantly decreases the rate of heat transfer as additional thermal resistance of the fouling layer decreases the thermal performance of porous fin heatsink. Moreover, the fin efficiency decreases as the value of fouled Biot, Darcy, radiation number, and thermogeometric parameter increases. It is established that Mf < Mc, which indicates that the efficiency of the fouled fin is greater than the efficiency of the clean fin. Furthermore, the result of the present study is validated with the established results of Chebyshev spectral collocation method and fourth‐order Runge–Kutta with shooting method and an error margin of 0.000000023 is established.
Modular Semantically Integrated System Modelling
Authors: Natarajan Swaminathan , Chaudhuri Subhrojyoti Roy , Kumar Anand 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn current practice, we engineer systems using modular, composable components. However, when we model systems in languages such as SysML, we build a single model of the entire deliverable system (such as a radio telescope). Though the model is of course hierarchical, consisting of multiple levels of description, these are not quite independent models that can be composed modularly. For example, if we acquire a power supply off‐the‐shelf, ideally we would like the supplier to provide us a model of the power supply that can be integrated into our overall system model, reflecting the same concerns involved in integrating the power supply into our solutions. If we have distributed teams, can they create separate models that are composable? Can model integration be the early version of system integration?This paper discusses how modelling can support modular composability using roles: placeholders for other entities that the entity being modelled depends on in order to deliver its targeted behaviour. All the necessary assumptions relating to the role are captured as role profiles. Model composition then involves binding these context roles to models of actual concrete entities that fit the assumptions. Our paper presents an illustrative example of compositional modelling of a radio telescope, and discusses some of the issues involved in binding. It goes further to indicate how these system models can be linked to relevant domain knowledge frames, and also linked to observations of the system behaviour. The result is a SystemMap: modular, composable knowledge‐centric models that enable capture of all the information and knowledge relating to a system, linked by a network of semantic relationships that enable internal consistency checking, as well as model and knowledge refinement based on consistency with observed real‐world behaviours.
Implementation and Realisation of Micro Digital Sun Sensor Processing in FPGA
Authors: Kohli Tarun , Maji Amit , VIJAYA Y. , RAVINDRA H.S 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper presents the implementation and realization of complex processing algorithms of newly developed, high accuracy, compact, two axes Micro Digital Sun Sensor (MDSS) using linear CMOS detector and N‐shaped slit mask for Indian Satellite missions. Sun sensor provides the orientation of satellite with respect to Sun. It is one of the prime attitude sensors for spacecraft. Due to low mass, compact size and low power consumption, the MDSS will be used for future micro/nano‐satellite missions as well as for communication Satellite missions. The electrical model of MDSS is built in Laboratory for Electro‐Optics Systems (LEOS). It is around 10 times lesser in weight and 8 times compact than the high accuracy Sun sensors presently available in ISRO. The MDSS has accuracy of 0.02°. In this paper, we have presented details of the simulation and test results of Micro DSS processing.The MDSS consists of an optical head and FPGA based processing unit. The optical head consists of CMOS linear array detector and N shaped slit mask. The N slit mask is mounted at a predefined height above the detector to provide the sensor field of view of ±64° x ±64°. The sunlight falls on the detector through the N‐shaped slit and three Sun spots are formed on the detector. After removing the unwanted signals from the images using auto threshold method, the image identification and centroid computation are carried out using moment method algorithm in real time and using the real time image clustering and centroid computing algorithm. By applying sensor transfer function, the 3 centroid information are converted to Sun aspect angle information which are the sensor outputs used for determining orientation of Satellite.All the processing is done in a single FPGA, like control signals generation for detector, real time centroid calculations, complex image clustering, transfer equation realization, interfacing with output, command module and MIL‐STD‐1553B communication. The complex transfer equation which includes trigonometric functions is implemented inside the FPGA using Co‐Ordinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) algorithm without any processor. The processing unit consists of ACTEL RTAX or Proasic FPGA with MIL‐STD 1553B and LVDS peripheral interface.
Test Driven Development: Process for AUTOSAR Software Development
Authors: Rajkumar Anupama , Paralikar Ashish 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe layered architecture of AUTOSAR while making it highly modular, also makes it complex to debug when the software is tested directly on the hardware. This leads to iterations in the development process which sometimes can trace back to changes in the system architecture resulting in overheads and delays in the software development process. This paper discusses how test‐driven development (TDD) methodology can be adopted for AUTOSAR compliant software in enterprises which can reduce the iterations in the development process. This also makes it well suited for Agile workflow.
A Method of Art Thinking for Adapting to Systems Engineering of Utilizing Architectural Framework for Self‐Organizing
Authors: Shima Seiji , Kobayashi Nobuyuki , Shirasaka Seiko 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn systems engineering, the core of requirements definition is the needs of users or customers. However, in the case of a new business or an innovative new product development, the entrepreneur's needs and passion for business is also an essential factor, but there is no method to support how to combine them effectively.Art Thinking is a way of thinking that forms one's thoughts along with the thinking process of the artist, while at the same time obtaining a resonance with people and spreading products and services.In this study, we propose an architectural framework that can be used to visualize the adaptation of entrepreneurs' desires and stakeholder requirements in Art Thinking and to adjust those differences.In this framework, we utilize a self‐organizing framework consisting of three axes: time, spatial, and meaning. Each block defined by the three axes has Customer Value Chain Analysis (CVCA). CVCA is a method to analyze existing social systems and to visualize value exchange among stakeholders to design new social systems.This framework identifies whether or not the needs of the entrepreneur can reach the customers, and whether or not the customer's requirements are reflected.
Challenges in the system engineering of a Precise Timing Facility for NavIC
Authors: Bhardwajan Aakanksha Avnish , Arora Anu , Dakkumalla Suresh , Ganesh T Subramanya , Ramakrishna B N 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAt the heart of the NavIC/IRNSS ground segment is the IRNSS Network Timing (IRNWT) facility, a precise timing facility (PTF), responsible for the generation, maintenance and dissemination of the IRNSS system time. This paper dwells on the challenges in the system engineering of such a complex system.A PTF has two major applications namely metrological timekeeping and navigation timekeeping for precise orbit determination and time synchronization (OD&TS). These two different objectives in turn translate to two different sets of requirements such as long‐term frequency stability and accuracy for metrological timekeeping, while short and medium term frequency stability and high availability of timescale for navigation.At first, these high level requirements need to be translated to a comprehensive design with minute level operational and performance specifications. The design needs to ensure high availability of the system by creating an ensemble of different kinds of atomic clocks while at the same time maintain frequency stability and optimization for various noise processes dominant at different averaging intervals. The design also need to ensure accuracy of the generated timescale with respect to a desired reference such as UTC needs to be ensured with regular time transfers either by Common‐view or Two‐way satellite time and frequency transfer. In the next step, the design is implemented with the appropriate selection of hardware and software elements. The system engineering of a PTF thus involves varied and multi‐disciplinary facets such as selection of atomic clocks, development of ensemble algorithms, steering the generated timescale signal to the desired reference, monitoring and control of all the hardware and software involved and designing of facility including appropriate environmental conditions.The next step is the verification and validation of the realized system. This step needs to ensure that the system is tested for a sufficiently long period of times to assess both short term and long term performance of the system before it is declared operational. Three such systems have now been made operational in India for NavIC.
Developing Robust 3D Printed Parts For Automotive Application Using Design For Additive Manufacturing And Optimization Techniques
Authors: Shanmugam Saravanakumar , Naik Abhijith , Sujan T , Desai Sharanabasappa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAdditive Manufacturing (AM) is catching increased attention in the recent past due to its critical contributions in the 4th Industry revolution, commonly known as Industry 4.0. AM has come a long way from manufacturing proto parts to functionally capable parts with various enhancements to suit variety of applications. AM is proven to be the effective way to manufacture parts faster and economical than conventionally manufactured parts especially in low volume productions. This agility makes AM the most suited manufacturing technique for better integration between different industries and domains as the need for better collaboration increases. It's increased flexibility to manufacture functional parts is pushing the industry to go for 3D printed parts. As the skill requirements to design the components for AM is different than conventional manufacturing, product designers are facing increased challenges to design for AM. Printing and post processing methodologies have close connection with quality of parts. This research article analyzes various aspects right from the importance of Design for AM (DfAM), material consumption and quality of the parts. This article also talks about the importance of print and part design optimization methodologies.