bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postnatal Care Coverage and its Determinants in Sri Lanka : Analysis of the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Perera Upuli , Amilani Uttara , Assefa Yibeltal 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Postnatal care (PNC) is important for preventing morbidity and mortality in mothers and newborns. Even though its importance is highlighted, PNC received less attention than antenatal care. This study determines the level of PNC coverage and its determinants in Srilanka. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of the 2016 Demographic and Health Survey. Receiving full postnatal care (FPNC) was defined with a set of indicators to detect adequate care for mother and newborn. Demographic and socio-economic associated factors for receiving FPNC were identified using binary and multiple logistic regression. Variables that had marginal relationship with receiving FPNC which p-value less than or equal to 0.2 at binary analysis were selected and included in the multiple logistic regression models. We used manual backward stepwise regression to identify variables which had independent association with receiving FPNC on the basis of adjusted odds ratios (AOR), with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value less than 0.05. All analyses were performed in SPSS 25. Results: Of the 8813 women with a live birth in the last five years, more than 98% had timely institutional care from skilled staff. More than three-fourth of mothers (n=5104) received the FPNC according to WHO guideline. Four factors were positively associated with receiving FPNC: mothers received antenatal home visits by Public health midwife (AOR=1.98, 95% CI 1.65-2.39), mothers who got information about antenatal complications and places to go at antenatal clinics (AOR=1.56, 95% CI 1.27 -1.92), been Sinhala (AOR= 1.89, 95% CI 1.35-2.66) and having own mobile phone (AOR=1.19, 95% CI 1.02 -1.38). Mothers who are residing in rural area (AOR=0.697 95% CI = 0.52 – 0.93] compared to those who reside in urban areas and maternal age between 20 and 34 years [AOR= 0.72, 95% CI 0.54 – 0.97] compared to maternal age less than 20 years were detected as negatively associated. Conclusion: Receiving FPNC in Srilanka is found to be higher than other countries in the region. However, inequity remains to be a challenge. Few socio-demographic factors are associated with FPNC coverage. Strategies that aim to improve postnatal care should target improvement of social determinates of health.
Survey and Characterization of Nonfunctional Alleles of FUT2 in a Database
Authors: Soejima Mikiko , Koda Yoshiro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The expression of ABO antigens in human saliva is regulated by the FUT2 gene, which encodes a secretor type α(1,2)fucosyltransferase. Secretors express ABO substrates in saliva and non-secretors do not. Secretor status is an object of concern, especially for susceptibility to various infectious diseases. A multitude of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and copy number variations (CNVs) have been reported, and they show unique distributions among different populations.In this study, we selected 18 uncharacterized FUT2 alleles listed in the Erythrogene database and obtained genomic DNA having these alleles. We experimentally confirmed the haplotypes, but 10 of 18 alleles disagreed with those in the database, which may be attributed to their low frequency. We then examined the activity of the encoded α(1,2)fucosyltransferase for 13 alleles by flow cytometry of H antigen expression. The impact of each nonsynonymous SNP on the enzyme was also estimated by software. We finally identified two non-secretor alleles (se610and se357,856,863) and one weak secretor allele (se262,357), while in silico analysis predicted that many alleles impair the function. The present results suggest that correct haplotyping and functional assays are desirable for analysis of the FUT2 gene.
Perceptions of Healthcare Clinicians on Occupational Therapists Providing Services During Well-Baby Visits
Authors: Brenner Alexis , Kresge Lauren , MacLeod Trisha , McMaster Rebecca 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: To explore the perceptions of healthcare clinicians on the involvement of occupational therapists during a well-baby visit to allot for more face-to-face time with a healthcare practitioner and more efficient developmental milestone screening. Due to the high demand of healthcare clinicians, well-baby visits are becoming shorter caused by lack of availability for healthcare professionals to take on the roles of parent education. Occupational therapy practitioners are qualified as developmental specialists. Therefore, occupational therapy practitioners’ involvement in well-baby visits can compensate for this lack of time and allow for additional parent education and screening for developmental delay. Methods: A 13 question survey to quantitatively analyze the perceptions of healthcare clinicians using a Likert-type psychometric rating scale. The Qualtrics XM survey was distributed to licensed practitioners (i.e. primary care physicians, pediatricians, obstetrician-gynecologists, advanced practice clinicians) through Facebook groups and snowball sampling. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: Majority of clinicians believed the inclusion of occupational therapy during a well-baby visit would be beneficial in providing preventative education and developmental guidance to prevent developmental delay. This research was successful in determining that gender, age, and years of experience did not influence the perceptions of healthcare clinicians in regard to the inclusion of occupational therapy practitioners in primary care. Additional findings indicated that there is a discrepancy between the needs of parents and caregivers and the perceptions of healthcare clinicians regarding the sufficiency of education and resources provided during well-baby visits. Conclusion: Majority of clinicians believed the inclusion of occupational therapy practitioners during a well-baby visit would be beneficial to provide preventative education and developmental guidance to prevent developmental delay. Gender, age, and years of experience did not influence the perceptions of healthcare clinicians in regard to the inclusion of occupational therapy practitioners in primary care. Trial Registration: Retrospectively registered
Patch Selection by Bumble Bees Navigating Discontinuous Landscapes
Authors: Fragoso Fabiana , Jiang Qi , Clayton Murray , Brunet Johanne 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Pollen and nectar resources are unevenly distributed over space and bees must make routing decisions when navigating patchy resources. Determining the patch selection process used by bees is crucial to understanding bee foraging over discontinuous landscapes. To elucidate this process, we developed four distinct probability models of bee movement where the size and the distance to the patch determined the attractiveness of a patch. A field experiment with a center patch and four peripheral patches of two distinct sizes and distances from the center was set up in two configurations. Empirical transition probabilities from the center to each peripheral patch were obtained at two sites and two years. The best model was identified by comparing observed and predicted transition probabilities, where predicted values were obtained by incorporating the spatial dimensions of the field experiment into each model’s mathematical expression. Bumble bees used both patch size and isolation distance when selecting a patch and could assess the total amount of resources available in a patch. Bumble bees prefer large, nearby patches. This information will facilitate the development of a predictive framework to the study of bee movement and of models that predict the movement of genetically engineered pollen in bee-pollinated crops.
Role of Preoperative Calcium and Vitamin D Therapy to prevent Post-thyroidectomy Hypocalcemia
Authors: suh Sunghwan , Seok Ju Won , Kim Keunyoung , Park Mi Kyoung , Pak Kyoungjune , Kim In Joo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Postsurgical hypocalcemia is the most common and troublesome consequence of thyroidectomy. We investigated the potential role of routine calcium or vitamin D supplementation in preventing postsurgical hypocalcemia. Materials and Methods: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for English-language publications using the keywords “calcium”, “vitamin D”, and “thyroid cancer”. The primary outcome was any postoperative hypocalcemia, and the secondary outcome was symptomatic hypocalcemia. Results: Four studies that included 381 patients were eligible for this meta-analysis. The random-effects model showed no significant difference in the occurrence of hypocalcemia between calcium/vitamin D treatment and placebo/no treatment. The occurrence of symptomatic hypocalcemia was lower in patients with calcium/vitamin D treatment. In combined results, preoperative calcium and vitamin D supplementation was associated with a reduced incidence of symptomatic hypocalcemia.Conclusion: We support the use of preoperative calcium and vitamin D supplementation in conjunction with routine postsurgical supplementation for patients after total thyroidectomy.
Boosting the Signal-to-Noise of Low-Field MRI&nbsp;With Deep Learning Image Reconstruction
Authors: Koonjoo Neha , Zhu Bo , Bagnall Cody , Rosen Matthew 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Recent years have seen a resurgence of interest in inexpensive low-field (<0.3 T) MRI systems mainly due to advances in magnet, coil and gradient set designs. However, most of these advances are focused on hardware development and signal acquisition while far less attention has been given to how advanced image reconstruction can improve image quality at low field. We describe here the use of our end-to-end deep neural network approach (AUTOMAP) to improve the image quality of highly noise-corrupted low-field MRI data. We compare the performance of this approach to two additional state-of-the-art denoising pipelines. We find that AUTOMAP improves image reconstruction of data acquired on two very different low-field MRI systems: human brain data acquired at 6.5 mT, and plant root data acquired at 47 mT, demonstrating SNR gains above Fourier reconstruction by factors of 1.5- to 4.5-fold, and 3-fold, respectively. In these applications, AUTOMAP outperformed both contemporary denoising algorithms and suppressed noise-like spike artifacts in reconstructed images. The impact of domain-specific training corpora on the reconstruction performance is discussed. The AUTOMAP approach to image reconstruction will enable significant image quality improvements at low-field, especially in highly noise-corrupted environments.
Solid-state Synthesis of Silver-silica Nanoparticles Mediated Starch as a Dietery Supplement in Poultry; Genotoxic, Immunologic and Immunohistopathologic Charecterization
Authors: Dosoky Waleed M. , Fouda Moustafa M. G. , Alwan Ali B. , Abdelsalam Nader R. , Taha Ayman E. , Y.Ghareeb Rehab , El-Aassar M. R. , Khafaga Asmaa F 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been emerged as promising alternative to antibiotic in poultry. Herein, silver-dopped silica nanoparticles (SiO 2 @AgNPs) was prepared in powder form, using starch, via chemical reduction and sol-gel technique followed by full characterization. SiO 2 @AgNPs was applied in poultry diet at three doses (2, 4, and 8 ppm/kg diet). The safety of oral dietery supplementation was estimated through evaluation of growth performance, hematological, biochemical parameters, and oxidative parameters of birds. Moreover, the immunohistochemical of all body organs were also examined. Results showed that, SiO2@AgNPs, has no negative effects on growth performance, hematological, biochemical, and oxidative parameters of birds. Moreover, the immunohistochemical examination revealed minimum inflammatory reactions and lymphoid deplesion at level 8 ppm/kg diet. In conclusion, SiO 2 @AgNPs could be considered as a promising and quite safe nano- growth promotor in broilers when added to birds diet upto level 4 ppm/kg diet.
A Network Pharmacology Approach to Investigating the Mechanism of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix for the Treatment of Lung Cancer
Authors: Yu Le , Yuan Kangyao , Zhang Jian , Zhao Jingya , Pei Shuchen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this study, the bioactive components and predictive targets of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix were investigated by network pharmacology analysis, so as to further elucidate its potential biological mechanism in treating lung cancer. The targets corresponding to lung cancer were obtained by OMIM and Genecards. By intersecting with the targets of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and lung cancer, the Sophorae Flavescentis Radix-lung cancer targets were obtained. Protein-protein interaction network was constructed by an online database STRING and hub genes were screened by Cytoscape 3.7.0 software. ClusterProfiler package was used to analyze Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment of the targets in R. A total of 45 bioactive components were screened from Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, corresponding to 482 Sophorae Flavescentis Radix targets and 25019 lung cancer targets. According to the GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, Sophorae Flavescentis Radix played a therapeutic role in treating lung cancer via proteoglycans lung cancer, human cytomegalovirus infection, microRNAs in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, etc. Seven hub genes (IL6, CASP3, EGFR, VEGFA, MYC, CCND1 and ESR1) were screened by degree algorithm. In a word, the results of this study may provide novel insights into the mechanisms of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix in treatment of lung cancer.
An Equilibrium Desorption Model for the Strength and Extraction Yield of Full Immersion Brewed Coffee
Authors: Liang Jiexin , Chan Ka Chun , Ristenpart William 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The sensory qualities of brewed coffee are strongly correlated with the total dissolved solids (TDS) and extraction yield (E) of the brew. Here, we derive a predictive model for the TDS and E of full immersion brewed coffee using a pseudo-equilibrium desorption approach. Assuming a single, species-averaged equilibrium constant K yields theoretical predictions indicating that the TDS is approximately inversely proportional to the water/coffee mass brew ratio, while E is independent of the brew ratio. Our experimental results strongly accord with both theoretical predictions, and indicate that E is approximately 21% over a wide range of brew ratios. An analysis of the standard oven-drying method for measuring E indicates that it yields significant underestimates of the true value at equilibrium, due to retained brew within the spent moist grounds. We further demonstrate that K is insensitive to grind size, roast level, and brew temperature over the range 80-99°C. Taken together, our results indicate that full immersion brewing offers precise control over the TDS at equilibrium but little control over E, and that practitioners should pay careful attention to their brew ratio as the most important parameter for full-immersion brewing.
Real-world Study of Hepatic Hemangioma at a Single Center --Data from 2008 to 2017
Authors: He Yongfei , Yang Chengkun , Liang Tianyi , Wei Yongguang , Wei Zhongliu , Mo Shutian , Chen Zijun , Liao Xiwen , Su Hao , Zhu Guangzhi , Han Chuangye , Lv Zili , Peng Tao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hepatic hemangioma (HH) and the risk factors for complications associated with HH resection in a single center experience.Materials and methods: Clinical data of 5,266,670 outpatients and 246,419 individuals who were physically examined between 2016 and 2017 were used to evaluate epidemiological profiles of HH. A total of 1,981 patients hospitalized with HH between January 1, 2008 and January 1, 2018 were examined to identify relevant features associated with surgery. Results: The study found that HH was similar in male and female incidence, mostly at the age of 40, and the tumor was usually single and mostly located in the right lobe of the liver. No serious postoperative complications occurred, and the method of HH resection was related to the occurrence of postoperative complications.Conclusion: HH is a common benign disease of the liver. There are certain distribution rules in age, tumor size, and location, and laparoscopic HH resection that can reduce postoperative complications.
An Association Between Inflammation and Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: A Retrospective Study&nbsp;
Authors: Zhang Xifang , Ding Rui , Li Haiyan , Liu Yaqi , Ou Weiyang , Hu Jiangang , Tian Yu , Wang Qiujing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Evidence is currently accumulating for the role of inflammation in cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte/high-density lipoprotein ratio (MHR), and systematic immune-inflammation index (SII) are easily obtainable indicators of systemic inflammations. However, there were few studies on the relationship between them and CVT. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the connection between the occurrence of CVT and the inflammatory markers described. Methods: The samples from 150 participants (including 90 CVT and 60 controls) with similar baseline characteristics were collected in this retrospective study. The NLR, PLR, MHR, SII and file records were employed to compare CVT patients with the control group.Results: The levels of NLR (3.93 [2.27, 7.87] vs. 1.65 [1.31, 2.06], P < 0.001), PLR (149.52 [98.39, 198.82] vs. 107.34 [83.31, 129.47], P < 0.001), SII (382.45 [273.51, 520.92] vs. 896.84 [559.89, 1591.87], P < 0.001) and MHR (0.51 [0.40, 0.64] vs. 0.41 [0.29, 0.53], P = 0.001) were significantly higher in the CVT group. After multivariate logistic regression analysis, the SII degree (13.136, [5.675, 30.407], P < 0.001) and MHR degree (2.620, [1.123, 6.113], P = 0.026) were found as independent predictors of CVT.Conclusions: NLR, PLR, SII, and MHR may be able to predict the onset of CVT which confirmed that inflammation played an important role in CVT.
Mothers Daily Perceived Stress Influences their Children’s Mental Health During SARS-CoV-2-pandemic
Authors: Koehler-Dauner Franziska , Clemens Vera , Lange Stephanie , Ziegenhain Ute , Fegert Jörg M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe current situation caused by the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic is associated with serious losses for everyone and has worldwide effects on social life, politics, the economy and the media worldwide. Preventive isolation and social distancing strategies faced the families with a large number of different challenges. The current epidemic and quarantine restrictions have a verifiable influence on the emotional and social development of children and adolescents. In the current situation, children of parents who have already been mentally stressed seem particularly at risk.ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the role of maternal daily perceived stress on children’s mental health during SARS-CoV-2-pandemic.MethodA “SARS-CoV-2-pandemic survey" was developed assessing to record the child's mental health since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. To describe the maternal perceived everyday stress data from a longitudinal survey was used. For estimation we use Tobit models.ResultsOur results show a positive and significant relationship between the maternal perceived everyday stress and both the emotional stress and hyperactivity of the child. In summary, we find the maternal perceived everyday stress to increase child's mental distress.ConclusionsAnalyses illustrate effects on child's mental distress during pandemic everyday life. Future research needs to identify influencing factors both with regard to political, economic and social restrictions in order to prevent mental health of children.
Childhood-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus With Trisomy X and the Increased Risk for Bone Complications: A Case Report
Authors: Yamazaki Susumu , Akutsu Yuko , Shimbo Asami , Shimizu Masaki , Segawa Yuko , Mori Masaaki 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus is a multi-organ inflammatory autoimmune disease mediated by immune complexes with the age of onset before 18 years. Trisomy X is the most common female chromosomal abnormality and the role of an additional X chromosome in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus is well recognized. However, the potential complications and optimal management of childhood lupus with trisomy X remain unclear. Herein, we describe a case of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus associated with severe bone complications presumably secondary to trisomy X.Case presentation: A 16-year-old Japanese girl was diagnosed with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus and trisomy X. A chromosomal abnormality (47, XXX) was incidentally identified on bone marrow examination initially done to determine the cause of pancytopenia. She was initially treated with intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy and prescribed monthly cyclophosphamide, prednisolone, mycophenolate mofetil, and hydroxychloroquine as remission maintenance drugs. She developed generalized extremity pain that had been worsening over the course of the disease. Extremity magnetic resonance imaging performed 12 months after the treatment onset revealed multifocal avascular necrosis, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry revealed further deterioration and osteoporosis. High plasma levels of factor VIII were detected by additional tests for coagulation functions. Conclusions: An additional X chromosome has been reported to be associated with factor VIII and osteoporosis. Additionally, elevated plasma levels of FVIII is the risk factors for thrombosis, which leads to the risk of avascular necrosis. Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by trisomy X are at a higher risk of avascular necrosis and osteoporosis that can also manifest in childhood systemic lupus erythematosus.
Malignancy History Affected the Prognosis of COVID-19 Patients via Release of Interleukin-6
Authors: Hu Jiahao , Ding Haixia , Ye Shenglan , Xu Guoxing , Yang Xiuwen , Wang Liangchao , Shi Xiaowu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a newly erupted respiratory infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has swept across the most of countries. The laboratory characteristics of COVID-patients accompanied with cancer and the risk factors for disease progression and survival of this particular population were few reported. Methods: We enrolled 585 confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to our hospitals with measured interleukin-6 level on admission. Laboratory tests and outcome were extracted from electronic medical records. Data was divided to cancer group and non-cancer group to explorer the risk factors of progression and survival.Findings: A total of 44 patients with different cancer type (cancer group) and 541 patients without cancer (non-cancer group) were included. Cancer group had significant higher levels of NEUT, NLR, IL-6, and CRP than non-cancer group, but lymphocyte count and ALB were lower. Cancer group showed significantly higher progression rate (42·1% vs 22·5%) and mortality (27·27% vs 11·91%) than non-cancer group. Elevated IL-6 and CRP were the risk factors associated with progression among moderate patients and death in-hospital (all p<0·05) in non- cancer group. This correlation was not observed in caner group.Interpretation: IL-6, CRP, NEUT, and NLR were elevated in COVID-19 patients with cancer, with lower level of LYMP and ALB. IL-6 and CRP were positively correlated with progression and poor outcome in patients without cancer. As one of combined diseases, despite malignancy history did not directly affect the prognosis of COVID-19, but it could play a role in the poorer outcome through release of IL-6 and CRP.