bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Doc’EDS: A French Semantic Search Tool to Query Health Documents from A Clinical Data Warehouse
Authors: Pressat-Laffouilhère Thibaut , Balayé Pierre , Dahamna Badisse , Lelong Romain , Billey Kévin , Darmoni Stéfan Jacques , Grosjean Julien 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Unstructured data from electronic health record is a gold mine. Doc’EDS is a pre-screening tool based on textual and semantic analysis. The system provides an easy-to-use interface to search documents in French. The aim of this study is to present the tools and to provide a formal evaluation of its semantic features. Material & Methods: Doc’EDS is a search tool built on the top of the clinical data warehouse developed in the Rouen University Hospital. This tool is a multilevel search engine combining structured and unstructured data. It also provides basic analytics features and semantic utilities. A formal evaluation has been conducted to measure the implemented Natural Language Processing algorithms. Results: About 17,3 million of narrative documents are contained in this CDW. The formal evaluation has been conducted over 5,000 clinical concepts that were manually collected. Negation concepts detection F-measure was 0.89, hypothesis concept detection F-measure was 0.57. Conclusion: We hereby present Doc’EDS, a semantic search tool which deals with language subtleties to enhance an advanced full text search engine dedicated to French health documents. This tool is currently used on a daily basis to help researchers identifying patients thanks to unstructured data.
On optical transmittance of ultra diluted gas
Authors: Ratajczak Jakub 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The paper proposes a model of optical transmittance of ultra diluted gas taking into account gas particles non-locality, the quantum effect of wave function spreading derived from solving the Schr ̈odinger equation for a free particle. A significant increase in the transmittance of such gas is envisaged as compared to the classical predictions. Some quantitative and qualitative consequences of the model are indicated and falsifying experiments are proposed. The classic Beer-Lambert law equation within range of its applicability is derived from the model. Remarks to some astrophysical phenomena and possible interpretations of Quantum Mechanics are made. An experiment consistent with the predictions of this model is referenced.
Effects of Three Anesthesia Drug Combinations in Miniature Pigs.
Authors: Kou Mingqing , Chen Xiaolong , Huang Minggang , Lu Kai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background To compare the effects of three anesthesia drug combinations in miniature pigs. Methods Guizhou miniature pigs （15 male, 15 female, 22-24 months）were randomly divided into three groups (n=10, 5 male, 5 female) and anesthetized intramuscularly (neck) with sumianxin Ⅱ (0.1 ml/kg) and 3% pentobarbital (0.8 ml/kg; Group A); ketamine (10 mg/kg) and 3% pentobarbital (0.8 ml/kg; Group B); or ketamine (10 mg/kg) combined with sumianxin II (0.1 ml/kg; Group C). Induction time, maintenance time, recovery time, and mortality were recorded. Heart rate, respiration, mean arterial pressure, and body temperature were analyzed pre-anesthesia (T0), after induction (T1), 30 min after operation (T2), 60 min after operation (T3), and at the end of anesthesia (resuscitation, T4). Results There were no significant differences in body weight, length, or experimental period between animals in the three treatment groups. The induction times of groups B and C (2-3 min) were significantly shorter than that of group A (7.4±1.1 min). The maintenance time of group B (136±11.4 min) was significantly different from those of groups A and C. The recovery time of group C was 4±1.0 min, compared with 9±0.6 min in group A and 10±1.5 min in group B. In group A, five pigs had adverse reactions (nausea and vomiting), and one pig died. All animals in group B had adverse reactions, and one pig died. The pigs in group C did not experience adverse reactions. The heart rates and respiration of the animals in group C were decreased at T2 and T3 compared with those of group A and B; there were no differences in heart rate and respiration between groups A and B. There were no differences in body temperature or mean arterial pressure of the pigs in the three treatment groups.Conclusions Intramuscular injection of ketamine combined with sumianxin Ⅱ is a suitable anesthesia therapy in miniature pigs because of short induction and recovery times, long maintenance time, and effectiveness.
Volcanic imprint in the North Atlantic climate variability as recorded by stable water isotopes of Greenland ice cores
Authors: Guðlaugsdóttir Hera , Sjolte Jesper , Sveinbjörnsdóttir Árný Erla , Steen-Larsen Hans Christian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Volcanic eruptions are important drivers of climate variability on both seasonal and multi-decadal time scales as a result of atmosphere-ocean coupling. While the direct response after equatorial eruptions emerges as the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation in the first two years after an eruption, less is known about high latitude northern hemisphere eruptions. In this study we assess the difference between equatorial and high latitude volcanic eruptions through the reconstructed atmospheric circulation and stable water isotope records of Greenland ice cores for the last millennia (1241-1979 CE), where the coupling mechanism behind the long-term response is addressed. The atmospheric circulation is studied through the four main modes of climate variability in the North Atlantic, the Atlantic Ridge, Scandinavian Blocking and the positive and negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation. We report a difference in the atmospheric circulation response after high latitude eruptions compared to the response after equatorial eruptions, where the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Atlantic Ridge seem to be more associated with equatorial eruptions while the negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation seems to follow high latitude eruptions. This response is present during the first five years and then again in years 8-12 after both equatorial and high latitude eruptions. Such a prolonged response is evidence of an ocean-atmosphere coupling that is initiated through different mechanisms, where we suspect sea ice to play a key role.
Tracing the fate of wastewater viruses reveals catchment-scale virome diversity and connectivity
Authors: Adriaenssens Evelien , Farkas Kata , McDonald James , Jones David , Allison Heather , McCarthy Alan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The discharge of wastewater-derived viruses in aquatic environments impacts catchment-scale virome composition and is a potential hazard to human health. Here, we used viromic analysis of RNA and DNA virus-like particle preparations to track virus communities entering and leaving wastewater treatment plants and the connecting river catchment system and estuary. We found substantial viral diversity and geographically distinct virus communities associated with different wastewater treatment plants. River and estuarine water bodies harboured more diverse viral communities in downstream locations, influenced by tidal movement and proximity to wastewater treatment plants. Shellfish and beach sand were enriched in viral communities when compared with the surrounding water, acting as entrapment matrices for virus particles. We reconstructed >40,000 partial viral genomes into 10,149 species-level groups, dominated by dsDNA and (+)ssRNA bacteriophages (Caudovirales and Leviviridae). We identified 73 (partial) genomes comprising six families that could pose a risk to human health; Astroviridae, Caliciviridae (sapovirus), Picornaviridae (cocksackievirus), Reoviridae (rotavirus), Parvoviridae and Circoviridae. Based on the pattern of viral incidence, we observe that wastewater-derived viral genetic material is commonly deposited in the environment, but due to fragemented nature of these viral genomes, the risk to human health is low, and is more likely driven by community transmission, with wastewater-derived viruses subject to cycles of dilution, enrichment and virion degradation influenced by local geography, weather events and tidal effects. Our data illustrate the utility of viromic analyses for wastewater- and environment-based epidemiology, and we present a conceptual model for the circulation of viruses in a freshwater catchment.
Implementation of a fetal ultrasound telemedicine service: an evaluation of outcomes, women’s views and family costs.
Authors: Marshall Alison , Lie Mabel , Bidmead Elaine , Beckwith Bob , Oudgaarden Elisabeth Van , Robson Stephen C , Smith Vikki J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
The complexity of fetal medicine (FM) referrals that can be managed within obstetric units is dependent on the availability of specialist ultrasound expertise. Telemedicine can effectively transfer real-time ultrasound images via video‐conferencing. We report the successful introduction of a fetal ultrasound telemedicine service linking a specialist fetal medicine (FM) centre and a remote obstetric unit.
Methods
All women referred for FM consultation from the obstetric unit were seen via telemedicine, excluding cases where invasive testing or cardiac anomalies were anticipated. The image quality was rated following each consultation. Women's experiences and family costs were evaluated by a questionnaire completed following the first telemedicine appointment during the first phase of the project.
Results
Overall, 297 women had a telemedicine consultation during Phase 1 (pilot and evaluation) and Phase 2 (embedding and adoption) of the project, which covered a four year period. There were 154 new and 143 follow-up consultations. Thirty-four women completed questionnaires during the Phase 1 of the study. Travel to the telemedicine consultation took a median time of 20 minutes (4,150), in comparison to an estimated journey of 229.8 minutes (120,450) to the FM centre. Women were generally satisfied with the service and valued the opportunity to have a FM consultation locally.
Conclusions
We have demonstrated that a fetal ultrasound telemedicine service can be successfully introduced to provide FM ultrasound of sufficient quality to allow fetal diagnosis and specialist consultation with parents. Furthermore, the service is acceptable to parents, has shown a reduction in family costs and journey times.
Vertebrobasilar Artery Geometry and Basilar Artery Plaques: A High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Zheng Jinmei , Sun Bin , Lin Ruolan , Teng Yongqi , Zhao Xihai , Xue Yunjing 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Atherosclerotic plaques are often present in regions with complicated flow patterns. Vascular morphology plays a role in hemodynamics. In this study, we investigate the relationship between the geometry of the vertebrobasilar artery system and the basilar artery (BA) plaque prevalence.
Methods

We enrolled 290 patients with posterior circulation ischemic stroke. We distinguished four configurations of the vertebrobasilar artery: Walking, Tuning Fork, Lambda, and No Confluence. The diameter of the vertebral artery (VA) and the number of bends in the intracranial VA segment was assessed using three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography. We differentiated between multi-bending (≥ 3 bends) and oligo-bending (< 3 bends) VAs. High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate BA plaques. Logistic regression models examined the relationship between the geometry type and BA plaque prevalence.
Results

After adjusting for sex, age, body mass index ≥ 28, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, the Walking, Lambda, and No Confluence geometries were associated with the presence of BA plaque. Patients with multi-bending VAs in both the Walking (71.43%, P = 0.003) and Lambda group (40.43%, P = 0.018) had more plaques compared to patients with oligo-bending VAs in these groups. In the Lambda group, the diameter difference between the VAs was larger in patients with BA plaques than that in patients without BA plaques (1.4 mm vs. 0.9 mm, P < 0.001).
Conclusions

The Walking, Lambda, and No Confluence geometry, ≥ 3 bends in the VAs, and a large diameter difference between the VAs were associated with the presence of BA plaque.
Effect of Speed and Gradient on Plantar Force When Running on an AlterG® Treadmill.
Authors: Thomson Athol , Whiteley Rodney , Hansen Clint , Welzel Julius , Racinais Sebastien , Wilson Mathew 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Anti-gravity treadmills are used to decrease musculoskeletal loading during treadmill running often in return to play rehabilitation programs. The effect different gradients (uphill/downhill running) have on kinetics and spatiotemporal parameters when using an AlterG® treadmill is unclear with previous research focused on level running only.
Methods
Ten well-trained healthy male running athletes ran on the AlterG® treadmill at varying combinations of bodyweight support (60%, 80%, and 100% BW), speed (12 km/hr, 15 km/hr, 18 km/hr, 21 km/hr, and 24 km/hr), and gradients (-15% decline, -10, -5, 0, + 5, +10 + 15% incline), representing a total of 78 conditions performed in random order. Maximum plantar force and contact time were recorded using a wireless in-shoe force sensor insole system.
Results
Regression analysis showed a linear relationship for maximum plantar force with bodyweight support and running speeds for level running (p < 0.0001, adj. R² = 0.604). The linear relationship, however, does not hold for negative gradients at speeds 12 & 15 km/h, with a relative ‘dip’ in maximum plantar force across all assisted bodyweight settings.
Conclusions
Maximum plantar force peaks are larger with faster running and smaller with more AlterG® assisted bodyweight support (athlete unweighing). Gradient made little difference except for a downhill grade of -5% decreasing force peaks as compared to level or uphill running.
Diagnostic Value of Mid-regional Pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) as a Biomarker of Invasive Bacterial Infection in Children: A Systematic Review.
Authors: Corr Michael , Fairley Derek , McKenna James , Shields Michael , Waterfield Thomas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIn children differentiating between the early stages of an invasive bacterial infection (IBI) and a benign self-limiting viral infection remains clinically challenging. This often leads to an over-use of antimicrobial drugs with resultant antimicrobial resistance due to the concern of not detecting a deteriorating child. Hence research into novel biomarkers for the early identification of IBI in children is of increasing interest. A more timely diagnosis through more accurate biomarkers may lead to improved clinical outcomes for children and reduced antimicrobial resistance. Mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) is a biomarker that is found at elevated levels in patients with IBI compared with those with viral infections. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of MR-proADM at identifying children with IBI. MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus from 1980 to the present day for all human clinical trials involving children that report the test accuracy of MR-proADM. Eligibility was assessed by screening titles and abstracts of articles found during the search process. This was then followed by full-text assessment and data extraction. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool was used to assess the methodological quality of identified studies. The following test characteristics were extracted into 2 × 2 tables for all included studies: true positives, false positives, true negatives, and false negatives. ResultsA total of 501 articles were initially identified. After the removal of duplicates and abstract screening 11 texts were fully reviewed. 4 studies (totaling 1404 patients) were able to be included in the systematic analysis. Only one study was of a high quality and that study accounted for the vast majority of patients. A single study reported the diagnostic accuracy of MR-proADM for invasive bacterial infection reporting an Area under the Curve of 0.69. The paucity of available studies made meta-analysis and studies of heterogeneity impossible.ConclusionThere is a paucity of research regarding the diagnostic accuracy of MR-proADM in the diagnosis of invasive bacterial infections in children. Initial results would suggest that MR-proADM testing alone is poor at identifying IBI in young children. It remains unclear if MR-proADM performs differently in older children or in children with signs and symptoms of IBI. Trial registrationPROSPERO CRD42018096295
Comparison of the in-vivo Effect of Two Tranexamic Acid Doses on Fibrinolysis Parameters in Adults Undergoing Valvular Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass - A Pilot Investigation
Authors: ZHOU Zhen-feng , Zhai Wen , YU Li-na , SUN Kai , SUN Li-hong , XING Xiu-fang , YAN Min 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The blood saving efficacy of TXA in cardiac surgery has been proved in several studies, but TXA dosing regimens were varied in those studies. Therefore, we performed this study to investigate if there is a dose dependent in-vivo effect of TXA on fibrinolysis parameters by measurement of fibrinolysis markers in adults undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB, which has not been systematically elucidated.Methods: A double-blind, randomized, controlled prospective trial was conducted from February 11, 2017 to May 05, 2017. Thirty patients undergoing cardiac valve surgery were identified and randomly divided into a placebo group, low-dose group and high-dose group by 1: 1: 1. Fibrinolysis parameters were measured by plasma levels of D-Dimers, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI), plasmin-antiplasmin complex (PAP), tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and thrombomodulin (TM). Those proteins were measured at five different sample times: preoperatively before the TXA injection (T1), 5 min after the TXA bolus (T2), 5 min after the initiation of CPB (T3), 5 min before the end of CPB (T4) and 5 min after the protamine administration (T5). A Thrombelastography (TEG) and standard coagulation test were also performed.Results: Compared with the control group, the level of the D-Dimers decreased in the low-dose and high-dose groups when the patients arrived at the ICU and on the first postoperative morning. Over time, the concentrations of PAI-1, TAFI, and TM, but not PAP and tPA, showed significant differences between the three groups (p <0.05). Compared with the placebo group, the plasma concentrations of PAI-1 and TAFI decreased significantly at the T3 and T4 (p <0.05); TAFI concentrations also decreased at the T5 in low-dose group (p <0.05). Compared with the low-dose group, the concentration of TM increased significantly at the T4 in high-dose group. No significant differences were observed in the levels of the coagulation proteins at any points between the groups.Conclusions: The vivo effect of low dose TXA is equivalent to high dose TXA on fibrinolysis parameters in adults undergoing valvular cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, and we recommend a low dose TXA regimen for those patients.Clinical trial number and registry URL: ChiCTR-IPR-17010303; http://www.chictr.org.cn, Principal investigator: Zhen-feng ZHOU, Date of registration: January 1, 2017.
Diseases Registered Among Integrated Textile Factory Workers in Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tefera Yifokire , Kumie Abera , Deressa Wakgari , Bråtveit Magne , Moen Bente E. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Textile and garment factories are growing in low and middle-income countries; integrated textile and garment production factories are developing, where workers are exposed to dust and dangerous, noisy machines in the work environment. Hence, workers' health might be affected negatively due to exposure to different occupational hazards. However, the health condition of workers in this sector is not adequately investigated. The aim of this study is to describe the registered diagnoses of health problems and their association to work-related and personal factors among workers in integrated textile factories in Ethiopia. Methods: A one year recording of worker’s clinical diagnoses (between March 2016 and February 2017) was gathered from the respective factory clinics in three integrated textile factories. Sociodemographic characteristics and work-related information is obtained from the factory’s human resource departments. The association between the registered diagnoses and work-related factors (work in textile production, garment production and support department) and personal factors (age, gender and educational status) were studied using logistic regression analyses.Results: The socio-demographic and clinical diagnosis statuses of 7992 workers are analyzed. The average of workers' age and years of service is 40 years and 11 years, respectively. Majority 4778(60%) of workers are females; a total of 5276 (66%) of workers had 27320 clinical diagnoses; in total this causes 16993 working days lost due to sick leave. Respiratory diseases (34%) and musculoskeletal disorders (29%) were the most prevalent diagnoses, while injuries cause most of the days of work absence. Work department, gender and educational status are the variables that are significantly associated with several disease groups.Conclusions: About two-thirds of the integrated textile factory workers were diagnosed with different types of diseases. The textile and garment production department workers were more affected than the support department workers, indicating that some of the diseases are related to work in these departments. Further study should investigate the occurrence of rare chronic diseases such as cancer, heart diseases, renal diseases and diabetics in relation with workers exposure profile.