bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establish deeper understanding on the osteogenic differentiation of monolayer cultured human pluripotent stem cells using novel and detail analyses
Authors: Zhou Ping , Shi Jia-Min , Song Jing-E , Han Yu , Li Hong-Jiao , Song Ya-Meng , Feng Fang , Wang Jian-Lin , Zhang Rui , Lan Feng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Derivation of the osteoblast-like cell from human pluripotent stem cell becomes a hot topic in bone tissue engineering. Although many improvements have been achieved in this field, low induction efficiency because of the non-directed differentiation process hampers their application in bone regeneration. We think lack of detailed understanding on the osteogenic differentiation process should be the main reason.Methods: Monolayer cultured human embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells were inducted in traditional serum-containing osteogenic medium for 35 days. Except for traditional assays such as cell viability detection, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, and alizarin red staining, we also applied cell counting, cell telomerase activity, cell cycle and quantitative expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 as essential indicators to analyze the cell type changes during the differentiation process. Results: The population of differentiated cells are quite heterogenous throughout 35 days of induction. Then, cell telomerase activity and cell cycle analyses have value in evaluating the cell type changes and tumorigenicity of obtained cells. Moreover, nuclear staining should be a recommended method to evaluate the cell number, because, it is still a great challenge to dissociate cells with varying differentiation times into single cells with high survival rate. Finally, a dynamic map was made to integrated analysis of these results, and the cell types at defined stages of osteogenic differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells was concluded. Conclusions: This study lay foundation to improve the in vitro osteogenic differentiation efficiency of human pluripotent stem cells by supplementing functional compounds at each stage according to a time-frame, then establish a step-wised induction system in the future.
Postmastectomy Radiation Therapy can Improve Survival for Breast Cancer Patients with 1-3 Positive Axillary Lymph Nodes: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using SEER Database
Authors: Yang Jian , Zhang Xiao , Ye Yifeng , yang qingmo , Cai Haoyang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Postmastectomy radiation (PMRT) is an important adjuvant treatment for high-risk breast cancer. However, evidence concerning the efficacy of PMRT on survival for breast cancer patients with 1-3 positive axillary lymph nodes remains insufficient. We identified 57,793 patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, including 15,126 cases of beam radiation and 42,667 cases of none/unknown radiation. All patients were diagnosed during 2010–2015. Kaplan–Meier curve was utilized to compare the survival of the two groups. We used univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models to identify independent prognostic factors with Hazard Ratio and 95% Confidence Intervals. Patients were stratified according to lymph node status, tumor size and molecular subtypes to perform subgroup analysis. The PMRT group shows more aggressive clinicopathological features, including higher grade (p<0.001), lager tumor size (p<0.001), more lymph nodes (p<0.001), younger age (p<0.001), more ER absence (p<0.001), more PR absence (p<0.001), and more HER2 overexpression (p<0.001). In addition, the PMRT group received more radical surgery (p<0.001) and more chemotherapy (p<0.001). In the multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analysis, the PMRT group presented improved survival in terms of breast cancer specific survival (BCSS) (HR,0.739; 95% CI, 0.679–0.805; p<0.001) and overall survival (OS) (HR, 0.721; 95% CI, 0.670–0.777; p<0.001). After stratified according to positive axillary lymph nodes, the PMRT group showed improved BCSS and OS in the LN 1 to 3 subgroup (HR, 0.738, 95% CI, 0.639–0.853, p<0.001 and HR, 0.684, 95% CI, 0.604–0.776, p<0.001, respectively). For patients with 1-3 positive axillary lymph nodes and T1-2 tumors, the PMRT group still showed improved survival in terms of BCSS and OS (HR, 0.826, 95% CI, 0.688–0.992, p=0.04 and HR, 0.751, 95% CI, 0.643–0.878, p<0.001, respectively). In the subgroup analysis, PMRT remained a significant favorable prognostic factor in T2 and Her2-/HR+ subtype (p<0.05). This study suggests that even in the era of modern therapy, PMRT can confer a survival benefit to breast cancer patients with 1-3 positive axillary lymph nodes. Furthermore, for patients with 1-3 positive axillary lymph nodes and T1-2 tumors, PMRT can still provide survival benefits.
Prognostic value of hypertension in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy
Authors: jing yin wen , quan liu jin , ping chen dong , bin qi , yao wang meng , fang yang , wu mao , meng xu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose

To investigate the prognostic value of hypertension in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).
Methods and Materials:

A total of 1057 patients with nonmetastatic, histologically proven NPC who were treated with IMRT were retrospectively reviewed. Associations between hypertension and overall survival (OS), loco-regional relapse-free survival (LRRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were estimated by Cox regression.
Results

Among 1057 patients, 94 (8.9%) had hypertension. Compared to normotensive patients, the hypertensive patients were generally older, had higher body fat, were more likely to be alcohol consumers, were more often in the early stage and usually received radiotherapy alone. Compared to normotension, hypertension was significantly associated with worse OS (hazard ratio (HR), 2.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.41–3.42; P = 0.000), LRRFS (HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.12–4.03; P = 0.021) and DMFS (HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.09–3.05; P = 0.023) after adjusting for covariates. Moreover, the association with OS remained unchanged regardless of smoking, body mass index (BMI), N stage and chemotherapy, whereas it was limited in the subgroup of patients who were older than 50 years, male, not alcohol consumers, in advanced T stage and in advanced clinical stage. Compared with treated hypertension, untreated hypertension was associated with increased risks for death (P = 0.221; HR, 1.88; 95% CI, 0.69–5.15), locoregional recurrence (P = 0.073; HR, 3.29; 95% CI, 0.89–12.09) and distant metastasis (P = 0.640; HR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.44–3.83). The patients with more severe levels of hypertension had worse survival and locoregional control, although there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05).
Conclusions

Hypertension is an independent adverse prognostic factor in NPC patients treated with IMRT. The NPC patients with untreated hypertension had similar survival as those with treated hypertension. The severity of hypertension did not influence the prognosis.
Value of multidetector computed tomography angiography before bronchial artery embolization in hemoptysis management and early recurrence prediction: a prospective study
Authors: Le Huu Y , Le Van Nam , Pham Ngoc Hung , Phung Anh Tuan , Nguyen Thanh Tung , Do Quyet 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background To prospective evaluate the role and clinical efficacy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography before bronchial artery embolization (BAE) for the management of hemoptysis, and to investigate the predictors of early recurrence.Methods From August 2019 to July 2020, a double-center study of 57 patients with hemoptysis referred for BAE underwent MDCT angiography before. A prospective analysis of culprit arteries detected by MDCT angiography allowed evaluation of the role of this technique. Follow-up was done for assessment of the efficacy of BAE with preprocedural MDCT angiography and to explore the risk factors of early recurrent hemoptysis.Results The accuracy of MDCT angiography in the identification of culprit arteries was as high as 97.5%. The average number of total culprit arteries per patient was 2.75 \(\pm\) 1.73, among them the average number of culprit ectopic bronchial arteries (BAs) and non-bronchial systemic arteries (NBSAs) per patient were 0.21 \(\pm\) 0.41 and 1.04 \(\pm\) 1.57, respectively. The immediate clinical success, total hemoptysis recurrence rate, and early hemoptysis recurrence rate of BAE following MDCT angiography were 94.7%, 18.5%, 16.7%, respectively. Aspergilloma (HR 6.63, 95% CI 1.31–33.60, p = 0.022) was associated with an increase in the risk of early recurrence.Conclusions MDCT angiography should be performed before BAE for the management of hemoptysis. Aspergilloma was an independent predictor for early recurrence.
Evaluation of the Effect of an Intervention on Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIMS), Polypharmacy and Anticholinergic Burden Scores for People with Dementia; Results from the SMS Dementia Study†: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Kable Ashley , Fraser Samantha , Fullerton Anne , Hullick Carolyn , Palazzi Kerrin , Oldmeadow Christopher , Pond Dimity , Searles Andrew , Ling Rod , Bruce Remia , Murdoch Wendy , Attia John 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background People with dementia (PWD) are at risk for medication related harm due to their impaired cognition and frequently being prescribed many medications. Few previous studies of PWD inpatients have been focused on medication safety interventions.This study aimed to evaluate an intervention designed to improve medication safety for people with dementia (PWD) and their carers during an unplanned admission to hospital. This article reports the effect of the intervention on potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), polypharmacy and anticholinergic burden scores for PWD in the study. Methods A quasi-experimental pre-post design using an intervention site and a control site was conducted in 2017-2019, in a regional area in New South Wales, Australia. PIMs, polypharmacy and anticholinergic burden were measured at admission, discharge and three months after discharge. In addition, medication reconciliation at admission and scoring of pharmacists recommendations using severity and relevance scores were measured. Results There were 628 participants including 350 in the post-intervention phase. Polypharmacy for these admissions was high, and there was approximately 30% reduction in the number of medications at discharge. PIMs at admission were also high, and decreased significantly at discharge however there was no treatment effect associated with the intervention. The mean anticholinergic burden score also decreased significantly between admission and discharge, however, no treatment effect was seen. Conclusions High rates of polypharmacy and PIMs in this study indicate this study population was admitted with multiple comorbidities. Reduced PIMs at discharge were correlated with reduced anticholinergic burden. Medication reconciliation resulted in many recommendations that contributed to the reductions in medications. Although the study did not report a treatment effect, reductions in the number of medications and PIMs reduced medication related risk for PWD. Reduced risks associated with inappropriate or unnecessary medications can reduce hospital admissions and adverse events for PWD. This intervention was feasible to implement, and future multisite studies should be designed to recruit larger study samples to evaluate interventions for improving medication safety for PWD. They should also adopt routine screening for cognitive impairment to identify PWD at admission.
The chromatin mapping of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 modification in ovaries during porcine puberty initiation
Authors: Zhong Yuyi , He Yingting , Yuan Xiaolong , Diao Shuqi , Zhou Xiaofeng , Li Qingqing , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Hao , Li Jiaqi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

The biological structure and function of mammalian ovaries undergo important developmental changes during pre- puberty. Posttranslational modified histones dynamically regulate ovarian development, which also can respond to the onset of puberty with heritable changes in gene expression that are associated with nucleosome modifications. This research used chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) technology and bioinformatic analysis to confirm the histone-DNA interaction in pre-puberty ovarian follicles (PreOV) and in-puberty ovarian follicles (InOV). Then, employed qRT-PCR, and cell proliferation and apoptosis testing to further investigate the function of H3K4me3and H3K27me3 in gene transcription and cell growth.
Results

With the onset of puberty, ChIP-Seq found 946 higher- enrichment and 916 lower- enrichment genes were significantly differentially modified with H3K4me3, while 1954 higher- enrichment and 882 lower- enrichment genes were significantly differentially modified with H3K27me3 in InOV vs. PreOV. Then interestingly, 88 significantly genes were associated with significantly differentially H3K4me3-enriched, H3K4me3-delepted, H3K27me3-enriched, and H3K27me3-delepted modifications, which also were related to female gemmate development pathway, bone mineralization and fatty acid transport, including FOXO3, RUNX1, NOBOX, DMRT1, MYC, LEPTIN, ACVR2, and BMPR1B. Furthermore, compare medium-sized antral with Graff follicles, FOXO3, RUNX1 and BMPR1B were low expressed in medium-sized antral follicles, while NOBOX and LEPTIN were low expressed in Graff follicles. Finally, H3K4me3 exhibited to promote proliferation and anti-apoptosis, whereas H3K27me3 was more to inhibited proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in porcine granulosa cells (pGCs).
Conclusions

The genome-wide modified profile of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 showed that H3K27me3 modification was more active than H3K4me3 modification during the onset of puberty in porcine ovaries. H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 acted as activator and repressor to regulate gene transcription that are related to porcine puberty initiation process. Genes including FOXO3, BMPR1B, LEPTIN, RUNX1, involved in networks of female gamete generation pathway associating with ovarian follicle development, ovulation, ovulation cycle process and female gonad development, which showed the further direction to investigate the function of H3K4me3/H3K27me3-targets in puberty initiation.
Pelargonidin Ameliorates MCAO-Induced Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats by Action on the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway
Authors: Fu Kong , Chen Miancong , Zheng Hua , Li Chuanzi , Yang Fan , Niu Qian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Morbidity and mortality remain high for ischemic stroke victims and at present there are no effective neuroprotective agents to improve the cure rate for these patients. In recent years, studies have shown that pelargonidin has many biological actions including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombogenic effects. However, there are few reports about the treatment of cerebral ischemia with this agent. Methods: The rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established to investigate the neuroprotective effect of pelargonidin on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and to investigate its potential mechanism(s) of action. Magnetic resonance imaging and 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining were used to measure the volume of cerebral ischemia and modified neurological severity score (mNSS), the Morris water maze test to assess neurological functions, and ELISA to determine the levels of inflammatory factors in serum including TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-6 and IL-10 and oxidative factors i.e. MDA and SOD. The expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 protein in brain tissue was measured by immunofluorescence and western blot assays. Results: The results showed that pelargonidin could effectively reduce the volume of cerebral ischemia and improve the neurological function in MCAO rats, thereby enhancing memory and learning ability. With corresponding decreases in the expression of TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-6 and MDA, pelargonidin increased the level of IL-10 and SOD and promoted the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins in ischemic brain tissues. Conclusions: Our datas demonstrated that pelargonidin ameliorated neurological function deficits in MCAO rats and its potential mechanism of action was associated with overexpression of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, which may provide a new approach to the treatment of cerebral ischemia or cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
The peripheral and central expression of CGRP and IB4 in chronic pain from MIA-induced TMJOA rats
Authors: Jiang Henghua , Xu Liqin , Liu Wen , Xiao Mian , Ke Jin , Long Xing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Chronic pain is the prevalent symptom that drives temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) patients to ask for medical care, yet present alleviator remain less effective. This study aimed to investigate the actual TMJOA related chronic pain and the peripheral and central response in a TMJOA animal model.
Methods

This study firstly determined appropriate MIA dose based on pain behavior assessment with automated electronic von frey in rats. TMJOA pain correlated condylar structure alteration was evaluated by histological staining and Micro-CT. Then, the period of TMJOA chronic pain was further explored by assessing the alteration of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive astrocytes and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) positive microglia numbers in trigeminal spinal nucleus (TSN) and carrying out non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) pharmacological efficacy experiment. Finally, expression of neurofilament 200 (NF200), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), isolectin B4 (IB4) in trigeminal ganglion (TG) and TSN was detected by immunofluorescence.
Results

1 mg/50 µl of MIA was considered as an appropriate dose. MIA induced gradual alteration of condylar structure correlated to TMJ mechanical allodynia. GFAP and IBA-1 positive cell numbers upregulated on 2, 3, 4 weeks after MIA injection. NSAIDS pharmacological efficacy disappeared on 10 days post MIA injection. Up-regulation of CGRP and IB4 was found in TG and TSN on 2 and 4 weeks, while expression of NF200 remained unchanged.
Conclusion

MIA induced TMJOA related chronic pain period emerges on 2 weeks after MIA injection. CGRP, IB4 positive afferent in both peripheral and central nervous system may involve in TMJOA related chronic pain in rats.
Isolation of chloroplasts from marine microalgae Isochrysis galbana Parke suitable for organelle lipid composition analysis
Authors: Zhong Ye , Li Yanrong , Xu Jilin , Cao Jiayi , Zhou Chengxu , Yan Xiaojun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Marine microalgae, Isochrysis galbana Parke, is an important diet microalgal species with high nutritional value. Different from other unicellular microalgae, its cell contains two chloroplasts which are the major sites for lipid synthesis. Results: Here, we optimized a chloroplast isolation approach suitable for I. galbana Parke, and evaluated the purity and integrity of the isolated chloroplasts by microscopic observations and biochemical assays. The chloroplast lipids were sequenced by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Glycolipids were the main chloroplast lipids, and DGDG, MGDG, and SQDG were the most abundant glyceroglycolipids. DGMG and SQMG were not observed among the chloroplast lipids. In addition, DG was the most abundant neutral lipid. A part of fatty acyl R1/R2 with MGMGs, DGDGs, MGDGs, SQDGs, PEs, and PCs were not found in chloroplasts. The fatty acid proportion of chloroplast lipids were increased, decreased, or remained unchanged compared with the whole-cell. Conclusions: This newly developed isolation approach was a simple and reliable method to isolate chloroplasts with high integrity and purity. Collectively, our findings show that such an isolation approach may be used in studies on many different aspects of chloroplast biology, and offers a useful reference for isolation of chloroplast from other marine microalgae.
Personal Social Capital and Self-Rated Health among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Cross-sectional Study Exploring the Roles of Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Kim Youngdeok , Schneider Tim , Faß Eric , Lochbaum Marc 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Personal social capital, which refers to the scope and quality of an individual’s social networks within a community, has received increasing attention as a potential sociological factor associated with better individual health; yet, the mechanism relating social capital to health is still not fully understood. This study examined the associations between social capital and self-rated health while exploring the roles of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and socioeconomic status (SES) among middle-aged and older adults.Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from 662 middle-aged and older adults (Mean age: 58.11 ± 10.59 years old) using the Qualtrics survey panel. Personal Social Capital Scale was used to measure bonding and bridging social capital and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess LTPA levels. SES was assessed by education and household income levels. Self-rated health was assessed using a single item, by which the participants were categorized into the two groups, having ‘good’ vs. ‘not good’ self-rated health. A series of univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were established to examine the independent and adjusted associations of social capital with self-rated health and to test mediating and moderating roles of LTPA and SES, respectively.Results: Bonding and bridging social capital were positively associated with self-rated health (Odds ratios = 1.11 and 1.09; P’s < .05, respectively), independent of LTPA that was also significantly associated with greater self-rated health (P-for-linear trends = .007). After adjusting SES, the associations of social capital were significantly attenuated and there was a significant interaction effect by household income (P-for-interaction = .012). Follow-up analyses stratified by household income showed that beneficial associations of social capital with self-rated health were more apparent among the people with low and high levels of household income; yet, LTPA was the stronger predictor of self-rated health among those in the middle class of household income.Conclusions: Findings suggest that both social capital and LTPA are associated with better self-rated health; yet, these associations vary by SES. The health policymakers should address both social capital and PA for enhancing perceived health among aging populations but may need to consider varying SES backgrounds.