bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing AM200® with Titanium-Based Coatings Elastic–Plastic Properties by Nanoindentation, Modified Dimensional Analysis and Minimum Resultant Error Method
Authors: Bazzaz Ehsan , Darvizeh Abolfazl , Alitavoli Majid , Yarmohammad Tooski Mehdi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHybrid methods which combine the experimental results with FEM simulations are the most applicable methods to extract the plastic properties of thin-film coatings. In order to make such methods more applicable, they should be merged with the dimensional analysis approach. To make such solution more applicable, a method to reduce the number of dimensionless functions is proposed in order to consider the effect of the probable errors of each parameter. Due to the lack of proper criteria for determining the compliance of the analytical results with empirical data, it was necessary to provide an effective criterion. A complementary new algorithm named as Minimum Resultant Error Method (MREM) is also introduced, which combines the errors of both dimensionless functions. By this algorithm, the yield stress, strain hardening exponent and consequently the strain hardening coefficient are extracted in the form of unique measures. This approach is implemented by minimum empirical data obtained by a single indenter nanoindentation test results. The FEA simulation results are processed with the combination of the aforementioned modified dimensional analysis and MREM algorithms. Such procedure is undergone to calculate plastic properties of AM200®, TiN and TiAlN thin-film coatings. Some of the results, especially for AM200® coating, are developed for the first time. The results obtained by nonlinear solution of the modified dimensional analysis equations and MREM algorithm are compared with one another. The results of both approaches show very small difference to each other which approves that MREM approach is an effective replacement for nonlinear solution. The sensibility of the answer to the hardening exponent and the errors combining exponent are investigated.
Practices and Barriers in Sexual History Taking: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Public Adult Primary Care Clinic
Authors: Palaiodimos Leonidas , Herman Heather S. , Wood Erika , Karamanis Dimitrios , Martinez-Rodriguez Cesar , Sanchez-Lopez Alejandra , Ruderman Emma , Jang Maximus , Fischer Daniel , Huang Hao , Gadde Uttara , Leider Jason 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Surveys report low frequencies of sexual history (SH) obtained in primary care. Sexually transmitted infections incidence can be reduced with timely screening. It is important to determine whether providers obtain thorough SH and to identify needs for improvement.

Aim
To evaluate the frequency and depth of SH taking in primary care.

Methods
In this cross-sectional cohort study, 1,017 primary care visits were reviewed (1,017 adult patients, female 55.26%). 417 patients were seen by male providers and 600 patients were seen by female providers. Multivariate ordered and logit models were deployed.

Main Outcome Measures
The primary outcome measures included SH taking rates and completeness based on the 5 P model as described by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Results
All components of SH were explored in 1.08% of visits. Partial SH was obtained in 33.92% of visits. No SH was taken in the majority of visits (65%). SH was more likely to be taken from female patients than from male patients (P &lt; .001), and was less likely to be obtained from older patients as compared to younger individuals (P &lt; .001). There was no significant difference in SH taking between male and female providers (P = .753). The provider title and the level of training were found to be independent predictors of SH taking (P &lt; .001).

Clinical Implications
The results of this study highlight an unmet need for more comprehensive and consistent SH taking amongst providers, particularly in high-risk settings, so that SH can be used as a valuable tool in preventive care.

Strengths & Limitations
To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest study to date examining SH taking in the primary care setting. Limitations include the retrospective study design, lack of generalizability to other hospitals, and inconsistencies in available data.

Conclusion
The SH taking rates in primary care clinics are globally low with a variation depending on the provider position or level of training, provider gender, and patient age.
Simple experimental procedures to distinguish photothermal from hot-carrier processes in plasmonics
Authors: Baffou Guillaume , Bordacchini Ivan , Baldi Andrea , Quidant Romain 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLight absorption and scattering of plasmonic metal nanoparticles can lead to non-equilibrium charge carriers, intense electromagnetic near-fields, and heat generation, with promising applications in a vast range of fields, from chemical and physical sensing to nanomedicine and photocatalysis for the sustainable production of fuels and chemicals. Disentangling the relative contribution of thermal and non-thermal contributions in plasmon-driven processes is, however, difficult. Nanoscale temperature measurements are technically challenging, and macroscale experiments are often characterized by collective heating effects, which tend to make the actual temperature increase unpredictable. This work is intended to help the reader experimentally detect and quantify photothermal effects in plasmon-driven chemical reactions, to discriminate their contribution from that due to photochemical processes and to cast a critical eye on the current literature. To this aim, we review, and in some cases propose, seven simple experimental procedures that do not require the use of complex or expensive thermal microscopy techniques. These proposed procedures are adaptable to a wide range of experiments and fields of research where photothermal effects need to be assessed, such as plasmonic-assisted chemistry, heterogeneous catalysis, photovoltaics, biosensing, and enhanced molecular spectroscopy.
Single-vesicle imaging quantifies calcium’s regulation of nanoscale vesicle clustering mediated by α-synuclein
Authors: Cai Bin , Liu Jie , Zhao Yunfei , Xu Xiangyu , Bu Bing , Li Dechang , Zhang Lei , Dong Wei , Ji Baohua , Diao Jiajie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough numerous studies have shown that the protein α-synuclein (α-Syn) plays a central role in Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and other neurodegenerative diseases, the protein’s physiological function remains poorly understood. Furthermore, despite recent reports suggesting that, under the influence of Ca2+, α-Syn can interact with synaptic vesicles, the mechanisms underlying that interaction are far from clear. Thus, we used single-vesicle imaging to quantify the extent to which Ca2+ regulates nanoscale vesicle clustering mediated by α-Syn. Our results revealed not only that vesicle clustering required α-Syn to bind to anionic lipid vesicles, but also that different concentrations of Ca2+ exerted different effects on how α-Syn induced vesicle clustering. In particular, low concentrations of Ca2+ inhibited vesicle clustering by blocking the electrostatic interaction between the lipid membrane and the N terminus of α-Syn, whereas high concentrations promoted vesicle clustering, possibly due to the electrostatic interaction between Ca2+ and the negatively charged lipids that is independent of α-Syn. Taken together, our results provide critical insights into α-Syn’s physiological function, and how Ca2+ regulates vesicle clustering mediated by α-Syn.
A 3D-printed modular magnetic digital microfluidic architecture for on-demand bioanalysis
Authors: Kanitthamniyom Pojchanun , Zhou Aiwu , Feng Shilun , Liu Aiqun , Vasoo Shawn , Zhang Yi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMagnetic digital microfluidics (MDM) manipulates fluids in the form of droplets on an open substrate, and incorporates surface energy traps (SETs) to facilitate the droplet manipulation. Conventional MDM devices are fabricated monolithically, which makes it difficult to modify the device configuration without completely overhauling the original design. In this paper, we present a modular MDM architecture that enables rapid on-demand configuration and re-configuration of MDM platforms for customized bioanalyses. Each modular component contains a SET and a Lego-like antistud that fits onto a base board with Lego-like studs. We illustrate the versatility of the modular MDM architecture in biomarker sensing, pathogen identification, antibiotic resistance determination, and biochemical quantification by demonstrating immunoassays, phenotypical assays and enzymatic assays on various modular MDM platforms configured on demand to accomplish the fluidic operations required by assorted bioanalytical assays. The modular MDM architecture promises great potential for point-of-care diagnostics by offering on-demand customization of testing platforms for various categories of diagnostic assays. It also provides a new avenue for microfluidic assay development with its high configurability which would significantly reduce the time and cost of the development cycle.
A versatile microfluidic device for multiple ex vivo/in vitro tissue assays unrestrained from tissue topography
Authors: de Hoyos-Vega Jose M. , Gonzalez-Suarez Alan M. , Garcia-Cordero Jose L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPrecision-cut tissue slices are an important in vitro system to study organ function because they preserve most of the native cellular microenvironments of organs, including complex intercellular connections. However, during sample manipulation or slicing, some of the natural surface topology and structure of these tissues is lost or damaged. Here, we introduce a microfluidic platform to perform multiple assays on the surface of a tissue section, unhindered by surface topography. The device consists of a valve on one side and eight open microchannels located on the opposite side, with the tissue section sandwiched between these two structures. When the valve is actuated, eight independent microfluidic channels are formed over a tissue section. This strategy prevents cross-contamination when performing assays and enables parallelization. Using irregular tissues such as an aorta, we conducted multiple in vitro and ex vivo assays on tissue sections, including short-term culturing, a drug toxicity assay, a fluorescence immunohistochemistry staining assay, and an immune cell assay, in which we observed the interaction of neutrophils with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated endothelium. Our microfluidic platform can be employed in other disciplines, such as tissue physiology and pathophysiology, morphogenesis, drug toxicity and efficiency, metabolism studies, and diagnostics, enabling the conduction of several assays with a single biopsy sample.
Bubble entrapment during the recoil of an impacting droplet
Authors: Nguyen Thanh-Vinh , Ichiki Masaaki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhen a droplet impacts a (super-)hydrophobic surface, there is a range of Weber numbers within which bubble entrapment will occur during droplet recoil due to closure of the air cavity developed when the droplet spreads out during the impact. In this study, we studied bubble entrapment using a microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based acoustic sensor fabricated on a substrate. We found that bubble entrapment is followed by an acoustic vibration that can be detected by the sensor. Moreover, the frequency of the vibration is inversely proportional to the radius of the droplet, which indicates that this vibration is the resonant oscillation of the bubble. Therefore, the MEMS-based acoustic sensor can be used not only to detect but also to measure the size of the entrapped bubble. Finally, we demonstrated that it is possible to prevent bubble formation by allowing the air to escape to the underside of the droplet contact area. This can be done by creating through-holes on the substrate or decorating the substrate with sufficiently large textures.
New tools to prevent cancer growth and spread: a ‘Clever’ approach
Authors: Hollmén Maija , Figueiredo Carlos R. , Jalkanen Sirpa 
Published: June 2020

AbstractClever-1 (also known as Stabilin-1 and FEEL-1) is a scavenger receptor expressed on lymphatic endothelial cells, sinusoidal endothelial cells and immunosuppressive monocytes and macrophages. Its role in cancer growth and spread first became evident in Stab1–/– knockout mice, which have smaller primary tumours and metastases. Subsequent studies in mice and humans have shown that immunotherapeutic blockade of Clever-1 can activate T-cell responses, and that this response is mainly mediated by a phenotypic change in macrophages and monocytes from immunosuppressive to pro-inflammatory following Clever-1 inhibition. Analyses of human cancer cohorts have revealed marked associations between the number of Clever-1-positive macrophages and patient outcome. As hardly any reports to date have addressed the role of Clever-1 in immunotherapy resistance and T-cell dysfunction, we performed data mining using several published cancer cohorts, and observed a remarkable correlation between Clever-1 positivity and resistance to immune checkpoint therapies. This result provides impetus and potential for the ongoing clinical trial targeting Clever-1 in solid tumours, which has so far shown a shift towards immune activation when a particular epitope of Clever-1 is blocked.
An effective peptide vaccine strategy circumventing clonal MHC heterogeneity of murine myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Shin A-Ri , Lee Sang-Eun , Choi Haeyoun , Sohn Hyun-Jung , Cho Hyun-Il , Kim Tai-Gyu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Therapeutic cancer vaccines are an attractive approach for treating malignant tumours, and successful tumour eradication depends primarily on controlling tumour immunosuppression status as well as heterogeneity of tumour cells driven by epigenetic alterations.

Methods
Peptide-loaded dendritic cell (DC) prime and non-infectious peptide booster heterologous immunisations were assessed for the immunogenicity of polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1)-derived peptides. Heterologous vaccination regimen targeting multiple shared tumour antigens simultaneously with PD-L1 blockade was assessed against murine myeloid leukaemia.

Results
A synthetic PLK1122 (DSDFVFVVL)-based heterologous vaccination generated large numbers of long-lasting antigen-specific CD8 T-cells eliciting therapeutic effects against various established tumours. The therapeutic efficacy of single antigen-targeting PLK1122-based vaccine with sufficient endurance of PD-L1 blockade toward C1498 leukaemia relied on the heterogeneous clonal levels of MHC-I and PD-L1 expression. A novel multi-peptide-based vaccination targeting PLK1 and survivin simultaneously along with PD1 blockade led to complete tumour eradication and long-term survival in mice with clonally heterologous C1498 myeloid leukaemia.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that PLK1 could be an attractive immunotherapeutic target antigen for cancer immunotherapy, and that similar strategies would be applicable for the optimisation of cancer vaccines for the treatment of numerous viral diseases and malignant tumours.
Concurrent use of palbociclib and radiation therapy: single-centre experience and review of the literature
Authors: Beddok Arnaud , Xu Hao Ping , Henry Alexandre Arsène , Porte Baptiste , Fourquet Alain , Cottu Paul , Kirova Youlia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPalbociclib in combination with endocrine therapy increases progression-free survival in patients with ER-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer (BC). In this study, we retrospectively evaluated safety in the first patient treated with concurrent use of palbociclib and radiation therapy (RT) in the Curie Institute. Between April 2017 and August 2019, 30 women with metastatic BC received locoregional and/or symptomatic irradiation at a metastatic site concurrently with palbociclib. The most common acute toxicities were radiodermatitis and neutropenia. Palbociclib had to be discontinued during RT in three locally treated patients who developed grade 3 radiodermatitis and febrile neutropenia, grade 2 dysphagia and metastatic disease progression, respectively. After a follow-up of at least 6 months, none of the patients had late toxicity. Concomitant administration of palbociclib with RT was reasonably well tolerated in our series of 30 patients. More prospective data with longer follow-up are needed to confirm these results.
A comprehensive population-based study comparing the phenotype and genotype in a pretherapeutic screen of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency
Authors: Pallet Nicolas , Hamdane Salma , Garinet Simon , Blons Hélène , Zaanan Aziz , Paillaud Elena , Taieb Julien , Laprevote Olivier , Loriot Marie-Anne , Narjoz Céline 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Pretherapeutic screening for dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency is recommended or required prior to the administration of fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. However, the best strategy to identify DPD-deficient patients remains elusive.

Methods
Among a nationwide cohort of 5886 phenotyped patients with cancer who were screened for DPD deficiency over a 3 years period, we assessed the characteristics of both DPD phenotypes and DPYD genotypes in a subgroup of 3680 patients who had completed the two tests. The extent to which defective allelic variants of DPYD predict DPD activity as estimated by the plasma concentrations of uracil [U] and its product dihydrouracil [UH2] was evaluated.

Results
When [U] was used to monitor DPD activity, 6.8% of the patients were classified as having DPD deficiency ([U] > 16 ng/ml), while the [UH2]:[U] ratio identified 11.5% of the patients as having DPD deficiency (UH2]:[U] < 10). [U] classified two patients (0.05%) with complete DPD deficiency (> 150 ng/ml), and [UH2]:[U] < 1 identified three patients (0.08%) with a complete DPD deficiency. A defective DPYD variant was present in 4.5% of the patients, and two patients (0.05%) carrying 2 defective variants of DPYD were predicted to have low metabolism. The mutation status of DPYD displayed a very low positive predictive value in identifying individuals with DPD deficiency, although a higher predictive value was observed when [UH2]:[U] was used to measure DPD activity. Whole exon sequencing of the DPYD gene in 111 patients with DPD deficiency and a “wild-type” genotype (based on the four most common variants) identified seven heterozygous carriers of a defective allelic variant.

Conclusions
Frequent genetic DPYD variants have low performances in predicting partial DPD deficiency when evaluated by [U] alone, and [UH2]:[U] might better reflect the impact of genetic variants on DPD activity. A clinical trial comparing toxicity rates after dose adjustment according to the results of genotyping or phenotyping testing to detect DPD deficiency will provide critical information on the best strategy to identify DPD deficiency.
Syntenin-1 promotes colorectal cancer stem cell expansion and chemoresistance by regulating prostaglandin E2 receptor
Authors: Iwamoto Kazuya , Takahashi Hidekazu , Okuzaki Daisuke , Osawa Hideo , Ogino Takayuki , Miyoshi Norikatsu , Uemura Mamoru , Matsuda Chu , Yamamoto Hirofumi , Mizushima Tsunekazu , Mori Masaki , Doki Yuichiro , Eguchi Hidetoshi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The protein syntenin-1 is expressed by a variety of cell types, and is upregulated in various malignancies, including melanoma, breast cancer and glioma. Although the mechanism by which elevated syntenin-1 expression contributes to cancer has been described, the exact pathway has not been elucidated.

Methods
To investigate the involvement of syntenin-1 in colorectal cancer (CRC), we performed immunohistochemical analysis of 139 CRC surgical specimens. We also examined syntenin-1 knockdown in CRC cell lines.

Results
High syntenin-1 expression was associated with less differentiated histologic grade and poor prognosis, and was an independent prognostic indicator in CRC. Syntenin-1 knockdown in CRC cells reduced the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), oxaliplatin chemoresistance and migration. DNA microarray analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed decreased prostaglandin E2 receptor 2 (PTGER2) expression in syntenin-1-knockdown cells. PTGER2 knockdown in CRC cells yielded the same phenotype as syntenin-1 knockdown. Celecoxib, which has anti-inflammatory effects by targeting cyclooxygenase-2, reduced CSCs and decreased chemoresistance, while prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) had the opposite effect.

Conclusions
Our findings suggested that syntenin-1 enhanced CSC expansion, oxaliplatin chemoresistance and migration capability through regulation of PTGER2 expression. Syntenin-1 may be a promising new prognostic factor and target for anti-cancer therapies.
Stellenwert komplementärer Supportivtherapie bei
immunsupprimierten onkologischen Patienten – eine
Kasuistik
Authors: Holzhauer Peter , Gröber Uwe , Kisters Klaus 
Published: June 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie hochdosierte parenterale Applikation von Vitamin C ist eine von
zahlreichen komplementärmedizinischen Methoden, die häufig
zur Behandlung von tumorassoziierter Fatigue-Symptomatik und als
komplementäre Supportivtherapie – auch jetzt in der Phase
der Covid-19-Pandemie – zur Immunstimulation und als antivirale
Option eingesetzt wird. Die hier vorgestellte Kasuistik beschreibt neben
einer folgenreichen Wechselwirkung dieser medikamentösen supportiven
Therapie mit einem Hightech-Medizinprodukt auch moderne konventionelle
Therapieoptionen beim triple negativen Mammakarzinom. Dabei kommen
verschiedene immunrelevante Mikronährstoffe zum Einsatz, die
einerseits die moderne Checkpoint-Inhibition mit Atezolizumab
unterstützen, und andererseits eine möglichst optimale
Abwehrlage in der Phase der Pandemie gewährleisten sollen. Aktuelle
Daten wurden zu dieser Thematik gerade für Selen und Vitamin D
publiziert.
Genetische Untersuchungen beim Parkinson-Syndrom: Indikation und praktische Durchführung
Authors: Tönges Lars , Ip Chi Wang , Dresel Christian , Lingor Paul , Csoti Ilona , Kohl Zacharias , Winkler Jürgen , Klebe Stephan 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungSeit der Erstbeschreibung einer monogenetischen Ursache der Parkinson-Erkrankung sind mehr als 20 Jahre vergangen. Trotz der Fortschritte der molekulargenetischen Diagnostik wird diese immer noch sehr selten durchgeführt. Genetische Untersuchungen bei Patienten mit Parkinson-Syndromen werden allerdings zukünftig einen großen Stellenwert einnehmen. Dies ist nicht nur im Hinblick auf die Diagnosesicherung bei Parkinson-Patienten mit jungem Erkrankungsbeginn und / oder positiver Familienanamnese zu sehen, sondern auch im Rahmen der personalisierten Medizin mit neuen therapeutischen Möglichkeiten. Im Folgenden möchten wir einen Überblick über die Grundlagen der genetischen Diagnostik, die gesetzlichen Voraussetzungen, das Vorgehen für eine genetische Diagnostik und einen Ausblick in die Zukunft bei genetischen Parkinson-Erkrankungen geben.
Nebenwirkungen komplementär behandeln
Authors: Weis Nicole 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungIn der supportiven Onkologie werden zunehmend Verfahren aus dem Bereich der
Naturheilkunde ergänzend eingesetzt, um Nebenwirkungen zu lindern.
Dieser Artikel gibt eine Übersicht der wichtigsten Symptome und
beschreibt anhand dessen komplementäre
Therapiemöglichkeiten, die sich in Studien beziehungsweise in der
Praxis bewährt haben.