bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of intelligent systems when regulating road traffic
Authors: Agureev I E , Andreev K P , Ionov E V , Svistunova A Ya , Terentyev V V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Statistics show that approximately half of all fatal accidents occur at unregulated and inadequately lit pedestrian crossings. To minimize the severity of the consequences, it is necessary to develop a set of organizational and technical measures to inform traffic participants about a safe pedestrian crossing. One of the ways to solve this problem may be to introduce the development of leading design organizations aimed at the use of intelligent technical systems to ensure the process of safe crossing of highways by pedestrians, i.e. smart pedestrian crossing. The article discusses the possibility of introducing an intelligent system into the traffic control process in sections of the road network with heavy traffic of cars and pedestrians. The operating principle of this system is based on the recognition of moving vehicles and timely warning pedestrians, as well as determining the location of pedestrians at the crossing and warning drivers about people on the road.
Smart Transport in road transport infrastructure
Authors: Evtiukov S A , Kurakina E V , Evtiukov S S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction of new technologies in cities through effective interaction between people and modern IT management tools has introduced the concept of «smart city» able to independently manage its own resources, energy, space and information to improve life quality. One of the main components of a «smart city» is «smart transport» using latest communication technologies for efficient movement, monitoring of location, interaction between vehicles and other traffic elements, general traffic safety improvement resulting in a decrease in the accident number (tendency towards zero mortality). One of the ways to expand this field of UAV application is their use for primary photofixation of the accident site, which will both increase the objectivity of the investigation and help to reduce time required for the investigation. Solving problems related to traffic safety in a «smart city» using IT technologies and UAVs — smart transport components results in fast collection of information, including that from hard-to-reach zones, the ability to take pictures from small heights and near objects to obtain high-resolution images. These are a possibility of application in emergency zones without unnecessary risk to life and health of personnel; improvement of the objectivity of primary information from the accident site; the possibility of automatic processing of the primary information with its transformation into the necessary types of formalized documents.
Agent modeling of vehicle traffic at a regulated intersection
Authors: Mezentsev K N 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The article contains information about the rules of agent-based modeling of the movement of a vehicle in a stream. The vehicle is considered as a homogeneous agent with reactive behavior. The reactive behavior of the agent allows you to control the distance with respect to the vehicle in front and react to the traffic light signal at an adjustable intersection. Testing the reactive behavior of the agents was performed in the NetLogo multi-agent programming environment. The article provides NetLogo code for a fragment of the agent model responsible for the movement of vehicles at the intersection. Obtained using the model, the graph of traffic intensity corresponds to the theoretical graph.
Methodology for determining the required length and number of traffic lanes, other parameters, taking into account the passenger city transport motion
Authors: Zhivoglyadova L V , Zhivoglyadov V G , Siliyanov V V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The article presents methods for determining the maximum severity and speed, high-speed and regulated roads, as well as other parameters taking into account the movement of passenger urban transport. The introduction of meta-dynamics will reduce conflict situations to 35–40 %, and, accordingly, the number of places in cities and between them. The lack of published methods for determining the necessary length and number of movements and the principles of their development adversely affects road traffic in cities, in particular, the establishment of the causes of congestion. Traffic safety cannot be ensured without decision making.
The influence of Cr on the microstructure and electrochemical behavior of high strength low-alloy steel
Authors: Dan Wang , Shujian Zhang , Qingdong Zhong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The influence of Cr addition (0.13 wt%, 0.65 wt% and 1.07 wt%) on the microstructure, phase structure and electrochemical behavior of high strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel was investigated. The surface morphologies of HSLA steels were examined by Optical microscopy (OM) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The phase structure was analyzed by x-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical tests were used to study the corrosion behavior of high strength steel in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The results showed that the appropriate addition of Cr (1.07 wt%) alloying significantly refined grain, improved the electrochemical property and microstructure. The microstructure of all samples were the typical bcc (α) phase and the peaks including (110), (200), (211) and (220) got stronger with the increase of Cr content. Meanwhile, the T3 steel with 1.07 wt% Cr showed the best electrochemical reaction inhibition and corrosion resistance because of the highest Rt. And the corrosion morphology was from serious intergranular corrosion and pitting corrosion to slight localized corrosion with the increase of Cr contents.
Study on the microstructures of Al-2.5%Mn alloy
Authors: Feng Hang-qi , Yang Zhi-bo , Bai Ye-tong , Zhang Li , Liu Yu-lin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The effect of Sr and cooling rate on the microstructure of Al-2.5%Mn alloy was studied by OM, SEM and XRD. The results showed that Sr not only refined the primary phase, but also refined eutectic microstructures. However, there was obvious delamination in the alloy. When the content of Sr was 0.2%–0.65%, the primary phase in the upper part of alloy changed from coarse needle and lath-shaped to fine block and needle-like. With the Sr content increased, the needle-like structure in the alloy tended to be more and longer, but the size of α-Al tended to be finer. At the bottom, there were many large massive phases, which were much more refined than the primary phase without Sr With the cooling rate increased, the primary phase was refined greatly and almost all of them transformed into eutectic microstructure. Besides, the delamination of microstructure disappeared.
Low-temperature effect on GaN film in argon plasma
Authors: Ogawa Daisuke , Banno Yoshitsugu , Nakamura Keiji 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This journal article shows the effect of low temperature for gallium nitride (GaN) film in an argon plasma. Our first observation showed that the evolution of photoluminescence (PL) from the GaN film depends on the temperature of the film during the plasma exposure. The observation showed that the PL emission became approximately 35% of the original PL intensity for no-temperature-controlled (as-is) GaN film, while the emission became approximately 70% for low-temperature-regulated (cold) GaN film. The main difference between the two films was only in the temperature range during plasma exposure, but the temperature difference between pre- and post-plasma was almost the same for the two films. Then, we did ex situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis to investigate whether or not there was a difference in the depth profile of elements in the films. As a consequence, we concluded that the reduction of thermal energy during a plasma exposure could regulate the opportunities for the species transfer in the film, which can minimize the evolution of GaN film during the plasma process.
Biocompatible chitosan-modified core-shell Fe3O4 nanocomposites for exigent removal of blood lactic acid
Authors: Yang Lingyi , Wang Wenhong , Hu Yufeng , Guo Jing , Huang Xiao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Excess lactic acid in blood will lead to hyperlactatemia, which is frequently detected in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care. Reducing the blood lactic acid content using acute treatments becomes particularly important for bringing a patient out of danger. Traditional treatments often fail in case of malfunctioning of a patients’ metabolism. Herein, nanotechnology was introduced to remove blood lactic acid independent of metabolism. In this work, chitosan was employed as the shell to adsorb lactic acid, and Fe3O4 nanoparticles were employed as the core to enable proper magnetic separation property. Our data showed that core–shell nanocomposites (NCs) had an exigent and efficient adsorption behavior. Furthermore, they could be easily separated from blood plasma by magnetic separation. Thus, the good hemocompatibility and cytocompatibility indicated that of core–shell NCs hold great potential in lactic acid removal for emergent hyperlactatemia treatment.
Moderate pragmatic invariantism and contextual implicature cancellation
Authors: Blome-Tillmann Michael 
Published: June 2020

AbstractModerate Pragmatic Invariantism (MPI) has been criticized in the literature for postulating implicatures that are not straightforwardly cancellable. Defenders of MPI have responded that the data are not as clear-cut as one might wish. This paper grants the defenders of MPI, for the sake of argument, that the implicatures in question are cancellable and then turns this admission against them. In particular, the paper offers Bank Case variants in which the conversational implicatures postulated by MPI are contextually suspended – and thus cancelled. Since our intuitions do not vary between the original Bank Case and these novel types of cases, the explanation offered by MPI must be mistaken. Our varying truth-value intuitions in the Bank Cases cannot be accounted for by means of conversational implicatures.
In-Vitro Comparative Examination of the Effect of Stromal Vascular Fraction Isolated by Mechanical and Enzymatic Methods on Wound Healing
Authors: Tiryaki Kemal Tunc , Cohen Steven , Kocak Polen , Canikyan Turkay Serli , Hewett Sierra 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
Enzymatic digestion has been the gold standard for stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolation but remains expensive and raises practical and legal concerns. Mechanical SVF isolation methods have been known to produce lower cell yields, but may potentially produce a more robust product by preserving the extracellular matrix niche.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare mechanically dissociated SVF (M-SVF) and enzymatically digested SVF (E-SVF) in terms of wound-healing efficacy.

Methods
Lipoaspirate was partitioned into 2 equal groups and processed by either mechanical or enzymatic isolation methods. After SVF isolation, cell counts and viabilities were determined by flow cytometry and cell proliferation rates were measured by the WST-1 test. A wound-healing scratch assay test, which is commonly used to model in-vitro wound healing, was performed with both cell cocktails. Collagen type 1 (Col1A) gene expression level, which is known for its role in wound healing, was also measured for both groups.

Results
As predicted, E-SVF isolated more cells (mean [standard deviation], 1.74 [3.63] × 106/mL, n = 10, P = 0.015) than M-SVF (0.94 [1.69] × 106/mL, n = 10, P = 0.015), but no significant difference was observed in cell viability. However, M-SVF expressed over 2-fold higher levels of stem cell surface markers and a 10% higher proliferation rate compared with E-SVF. In addition, the migration rate and level of Col1A gene expression of M-SVF were found to be significantly higher than those of E-SVF.

Conclusions
Although the cell yield of M-SVF was less than that of E-SVF, M-SVF appears to have superior wound-healing properties.
Infantile Asymmetrical Diffuse Infiltrative Lipomatosis of the Abdomen and Upper Thighs: A Case Report with Long-Term Follow-up
Authors: Hamza Fawzy , Elbanoby Tarek , Dahshan Hazem , Elbatawy Amr 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

The authors present the case of an 11-year-old male patient with a diffuse infiltrative lipomatosis involving the abdomen, flanks, and upper thighs by applying body contouring principles at this early age. Abdominoplasty can be used in children for various purposes, including harvesting a full-thickness skin graft in burns or to treat congenital anomalies involving the pelviabdominal area.

Level of Evidence: 5
Respiratory-related brain pulsations are increased in epilepsy—a two-centre functional MRI study
Authors: Kananen Janne , Helakari Heta , Korhonen Vesa , Huotari Niko , Järvelä Matti , Raitamaa Lauri , Raatikainen Ville , Rajna Zalan , Tuovinen Timo , Nedergaard Maiken , Jacobs Julia , LeVan Pierre , Ansakorpi Hanna , Kiviniemi Vesa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Resting-state functional MRI has shown potential for detecting changes in cerebral blood oxygen level-dependent signal in patients with epilepsy, even in the absence of epileptiform activity. Furthermore, it has been suggested that coefficient of variation mapping of fast functional MRI signal may provide a powerful tool for the identification of intrinsic brain pulsations in neurological diseases such as dementia, stroke and epilepsy. In this study, we used fast functional MRI sequence (magnetic resonance encephalography) to acquire ten whole-brain images per second. We used the functional MRI data to compare physiological brain pulsations between healthy controls (n = 102) and patients with epilepsy (n = 33) and furthermore to drug-naive seizure patients (n = 9). Analyses were performed by calculating coefficient of variation and spectral power in full band and filtered sub-bands. Brain pulsations in the respiratory-related frequency sub-band (0.11–0.51 Hz) were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) increased in patients with epilepsy, with an increase in both signal variance and power. At the individual level, over 80% of medicated and drug-naive seizure patients exhibited areas of abnormal brain signal power that correlated well with the known clinical diagnosis, while none of the controls showed signs of abnormality with the same threshold. The differences were most apparent in the basal brain structures, respiratory centres of brain stem, midbrain and temporal lobes. Notably, full-band, very low frequency (0.01–0.1 Hz) and cardiovascular (0.8–1.76 Hz) brain pulses showed no differences between groups. This study extends and confirms our previous results of abnormal fast functional MRI signal variance in epilepsy patients. Only respiratory-related brain pulsations were clearly increased with no changes in either physiological cardiorespiratory rates or head motion between the subjects. The regional alterations in brain pulsations suggest that mechanisms driving the cerebrospinal fluid homeostasis may be altered in epilepsy. Magnetic resonance encephalography has both increased sensitivity and high specificity for detecting the increased brain pulsations, particularly in times when other tools for locating epileptogenic areas remain inconclusive.
Riparian habitat restoration increases the availability and occupancy of Yellow-breasted Chat territories but brood parasitism is the primary influence on reproductive performance
Authors: Forrester Timothy R , Green David J , McKibbin René , Bezener A Michael , Bishop Christine A 
Published: June 2020

AbstractImplementation and evaluation of conservation efforts requires an understanding of the habitat selection and reproductive success of endangered populations. As populations recover, established territory holders may force new arrivals into lower quality habitat, which can reduce reproductive success, especially in disturbed landscapes where suitable habitat is scarce. The endangered Western Yellow-breasted Chat (Icteria virens auricollis) population in the fragmented riparian zone of the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, Canada, has rapidly increased in response to habitat restoration. During this population increase from 2002 to 2014, we monitored 485 chat nests in 157 breeding territories to evaluate the influences of habitat selection, habitat restoration, and brood parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) on reproductive performance. We found that, in protected reference sites, breeding territories that were occupied in the early years of the study had higher percent shrub cover than territories that were first occupied in the later years of the study, indicating that chats preferred territories with high shrub cover. Conversely, in restoration sites, later-occupied territories had similarly high shrub cover as earlier-occupied territories, suggesting that restoration activities enabled chats to continually settle in territories with high shrub cover. Yet, we did not find strong evidence that nest site vegetation characteristics or habitat restoration influenced reproductive performance. Instead, the high rate of brood parasitism (49%), which reduced nest success and productivity, was the dominant influence on reproductive performance. However, this recovering population still had high daily nest survival (0.974) and productivity (2.72 fledglings per successful nest) compared with other riparian songbirds and the high parasitism rate did not prevent the population from increasing. Thus, conservation efforts for Yellow-breasted Chats should focus on restoring riparian shrubs, even within heavily developed landscapes, to increase the number of potential breeding territories, while also quantifying how brood parasitism influences reproductive performance.
Genetic boundary and gene flow between 2 parapatric subspecies of brown rats
Authors: Zhao Lei , Zhang Jian-Xu , Zhang Yao-Hua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTwo parapatric Rattus norvegicus subspecies, R. n. humiliatus (RNH) and R. n. caraco (RNC), are classified according to morphological divergence and are mainly distributed in North and Northeast China. Here, we aimed to explore the population genetic structure, genetic boundary, and gene flow in these rats using 16 microsatellite loci. Structure analysis and principal component analysis revealed 3 ancestral clusters. We found that the intermediate cluster exhibited higher genetic diversity and a lower inbreeding coefficient than the other 2 clusters. The genetic differentiation between the 3 clusters was significant but weak, with a higher FST value being observed between the clusters on both sides. The subspecies boundary inferred from microsatellite markers may indicate the existence of an admixture or hybridization area covering Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, and Jilin Provinces, rather than corresponding to the administrative provincial boundaries between Liaoning and Jilin. The RNH and RNC subspecies presented moderate gene exchange and an asymmetric bidirectional gene flow pattern, with higher gene flow from the RNH subspecies to the RNC subspecies, constraining speciation. Such genetic characteristics might be explained by biological processes such as dispersal ability, mate choice, and dynamic lineage boundaries.
Intracoronary lithotripsy for calcific neoatherosclerotic in-stent restenosis: a case report
Authors: Tizón-Marcos Helena , Rodríguez-Costoya Iris , Tevar Cristina , Vaquerizo Beatriz 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Background
In-stent restenosis is a difficult percutaneous scenario if calcific neoatherosclerosis is the underlying aetiology.

Case summary
A 69-year-old diabetic woman with a previous percutaneous coronary intervention on the left anterior descending coronary artery was readmitted for non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. In-stent restenosis due to calcific neoatherosclerosis was observed by intracoronary imaging during the intervention. Intravascular lithotripsy was used successfully to fracture the underlying calcific plaque. However, the balloon ruptured during treatment although this did not damage the artery.

Discussion
Intravascular lithotripsy is a promising tool for the treatment of extremely calcified lesions including calcific neoatherosclerosis of in-stent restenosis. Balloon rupture is a complication of this new percutaneous treatment that has not previously been described.
Caterpillar gut and host plant phylloplane mycobiomes differ: a new perspective on fungal involvement in insect guts
Authors: višňovská Denisa , Pyszko Petr , Šigut Martin , Kostovčík Martin , Kolařík Miroslav , Kotásková Nela , Drozd Pavel 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTCompared with the highly diverse microbiota of leaves, herbivorous insects exhibit impoverished gut microbial communities. Research to date has focused on the bacterial component of these gut microbiomes, neglecting the fungal component. As caterpillar gut bacterial microbiomes are derived strongly from their diet, we hypothesized that their mycobiomes would reflect the host leaf mycobiomes. Using the ITS2 rDNA and V5–V6 16S rRNA gene regions for DNA metabarcoding of caterpillar gut and host leaf sample pairs we compared their mycobiome genus diversity and compositions and identified genera associated with caterpillar guts. Leaves and caterpillar guts harbored different mycobiomes with quite low qualitative similarity (Jaccard index = 38.03%). The fungal genera most significantly associated with the caterpillar gut included Penicillium, Mucor and unidentified Saccharomycetales, whereas leaf-associated genera included Holtermanniella, Gibberella (teleomorph of Fusarium) and Seimatosporium. Although caterpillar gut and leaf mycobiomes had similar genus richness overall, this indicator was not correlated for individual duplets. Moreover, as more samples entered the analysis, mycobiome richness increased more rapidly in caterpillar guts than in leaves. The results suggest that the mycobiota of the caterpillar gut differs from that of their feeding substrate; further, the mycobiomes appear to be richer than the well-studied bacterial microbiotas.
In Vivo Quasi-Elastic Light Scattering Eye Scanner Detects Molecular Aging in Humans
Authors: Minaeva Olga , Sarangi Srikant , Ledoux Danielle M , Moncaster Juliet A , Parsons Douglas S , Washicosky Kevin J , Black Caitlin A , Weng Frank J , Ericsson Maria , Moir Robert D , Tripodis Yorghos , Clark John I , Tanzi Rudolph E , Hunter David G , Goldstein Lee E 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe absence of clinical tools to evaluate individual variation in the pace of aging represents a major impediment to understanding aging and maximizing health throughout life. The human lens is an ideal tissue for quantitative assessment of molecular aging in vivo. Long-lived proteins in lens fiber cells are expressed during fetal life, do not undergo turnover, accumulate molecular alterations throughout life, and are optically accessible in vivo. We used quasi-elastic light scattering (QLS) to measure age-dependent signals in lenses of healthy human subjects. Age-dependent QLS signal changes detected in vivo recapitulated time-dependent changes in hydrodynamic radius, protein polydispersity, and supramolecular order of human lens proteins during long-term incubation (~1 year) and in response to sustained oxidation (~2.5 months) in vitro. Our findings demonstrate that QLS analysis of human lens proteins provides a practical technique for noninvasive assessment of molecular aging in vivo.