bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Momentum Transfer Coefficient in Particle Horizontal Channel Flow
Authors: Li Guohui , Liu Yang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A developed momentum transfer coefficient based on Wen’s 1966 model was proposed, in which the two threshold values were used to keep the continuous particle porosity function. A second-order moment gas–particle two-fluid turbulent model that coupled this coefficient, was established to model and simulate the particle horizontal channel flows. An improved Reynolds stresses transport to close fluctuation velocities correlation between gas and particle phases was set to reveal the fully anisotropic characteristics of particle dispersions. The hydrodynamics of horizontal gas–particle turbulent flow was numerically simulated and validated by experimental measurement with satisfied agreements. Distributions of particle Reynolds stresses are significantly affected by two-phase interactions, turbulent diffusions and particle collisions. Much wider size and flatter profiles distributions were obtained in terms of the horizontal and vertical root-means-square of particle velocities in comparison with Wen’s 1966 model.
The cytotoxic activity of Salvia officinalis L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. Leaves extracts on human glioblastoma cell line and their antioxidant effect
Authors: Choukairi Zineb , Hazzaz Tahar , José Manuel Ferrandez , Fechtali Taoufiq 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background

Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Rosemary) and Salvia officinalis L. (Sage) are two Mediterranean species growing spontaneously in some area in Morocco. They are used in traditional and complementary medicine to treat numerous disorders. The aim of this work was to assess the in vitro antitumoral effect of the methanolic total extract prepared from rosemary and sage on human glioblastoma cell line (42 GMBA), conjointly with their antioxidant activity.

Methods
The accelerated solvent extractor was used to obtain the total extract of the studied plants. The antitumor activity was performed using the microculture tetrazolium cytotoxique assay while the antioxidant effect was evaluated using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay.

Results
Our results show that the total extract of R.O and S.O have a cytotoxic effect on glioblastoma but not on cortical neurons. On the other hand, the results obtained in the FRAP and DPPH tests show a dose-dependent antioxidant activity correlated with an important level of phenols and flavonoids.

Conclusion

Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Salvia officinalis L. were found to have an antitumoral activity which may be linked, probably, to an antioxidant process.
FSO-Based Analysis of LTE-A MAC Protocols to Achieve Improved QoS
Authors: Kaur Prabhjot , Saini Hardeep Singh 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Fiber wireless (Fi-Wi) communication network is the amalgamation of optical and wireless access networks, which provides better bandwidth for achieving efficient data transmission. Medium access control (MAC) protocols are used in the wireless network for controlling the data flow from the transmitter to the receiver end. The delay produced by these protocols tells about the system efficiency. This paper shows a Fi-Wi system in the long-term evaluation-advanced (LTE-A) environment, which incorporates the dependency of delay generated by the specific MAC protocols during the transmission process. This paper aimed to scrutinize the effects of Carrier Sense Multiplexing Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD), Carrier Sense Multiplexing Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) and Slotted ALOHA on the performance of the Fi-Wi system. Free space optical (FSO) channel is incorporated to forward the data to user end. In such system, the optical signal is multiplexed using the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technique and finally the data are fetched at the receiver end and different criterions such eye-height, Q-factor and bit error rate are evaluated. Simulation results are performed using MATLAB software. The comparative analysis is also performed in terms of data transmission efficiency, delay and throughput of MAC protocols. This shows the effective results of the proposed system according to the delay produced by MAC protocols.
Does obesity have an effect on the ECG in children?
Authors: Kiess Alexandra , Körner Antje , Dähnert Ingo , Vogel Mandy , Markel Franziska , Gebauer Roman A. , Kiess Wieland , Paech Christian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis review summarizes current data on influences of childhood obesity on the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Studies on obese adults showed a higher risk of cardiovascular complications and also, partly pathological, ECG alterations. Data on ECG alterations in obese children is rare. In current studies, no pathological findings were found. All alterations, which mimic the later pathological phenomena in obese adults, were within normal ranges. Studies reported significantly longer P-wave time and P-wave dispersion (Pd) in obese children [Üner A, Doğan M, Epcacan Z, Epçaçan S. The effect of childhood obesity on cardiac functions. J Pediatr Endocr Met 2014;27:261–71.], no correlation of heart rate, P-wave, or QT dispersions (QTd) [Akyüz A, Alpsoy S, Akkoyun DC, Nalbantoǧlu B, Tülübaș F, et al. Effect of overweight on P-wave and QT dispersions in childhood. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2013;41:515–21.], significantly higher QTd in obese children [Yildirim S, Binnetoglu FK, Battal F, Aylanc H, Nazan Kaymaz N, et al. Relation between QT variables and left ventricular geometry in athletes and obese children. Acta Med Port 2016;29:95–100.], no significant association between obesity and QTc interval (QTc), but longer PR intervals, wider QRS duration and left axis shifting of frontal P-wave, QRS and T-wave axes [Sun G, Li Y, Zho X, Guuo X, Zhang X, et al. Association between obesity and ECG variables in children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Exp Ther Med 2013;6:1455–62.], significant prolongation of QTc, T peak-to-end, and QTd in the obese children [Paech C, Liebold A, Gebauer RA, Wagner F, Vogel M, et al. Relative QT interval prolongation and electrical inhomogeneity of cardiac repolarization in childhood obesity. Prog Pediatr Cardiol 2017;47:64–7.], slight shift to the left in the QRS axis (with no changes in the P axis), increased amplitudes of the left-sided leads in obese children, and no correlation of the heart rate with the weight [Paech C, Anhalt M, Gebauer RA, Wagner F, Vogel M, et al. New normal limits for pediatric ECG in childhood obesity? Influence of childhood obesity on the ECG. Prog Pediatr Cardiol 2018;48:119–23.]. Altogether, the study results are inconsistent. Clearly, pathological phenomena in the ECG of obese children were not reported: only preliminary stages like QTc prolongation within the norm were found. The pathological alterations seen in adult obese patients are not (yet) seen in childhood. The slight changes reported in childhood obesity are likely to manifest later and to develop into pathological phenomena in obese adults and, therefore, might increase the risk of cardiovascular events like arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death in adulthood.
Factors associated with oxidative stress status in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kacarevic Dragana , Bogavac-Stanojevic Natasa , Spasojevic-Kalimanovska Vesna , Bojanin Dragana , Milenkovic Tatjana , Stefanovic Aleksandra , Mihajlovic Marija , Vujcic Sanja , Vukovic Rade , Zeljkovic Aleksandra , Todorovic Sladjana , Mitrovic Katarina , Vekic Jelena 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundOxidative stress is implicated in both, the onset and the progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). There is accumulated evidence of increased biomarkers of oxidative stress in newly diagnosed, T1DM patients without complications, and in those with advanced disease. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated factors affecting oxidative stress status in pediatric patients with T1DM.MethodsAdvanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), prooxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), total sulfhydryl (SH) groups, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined in 170 children and adolescents with T1DM. Principal component analysis was used to investigate clustering of clinical and laboratory variables associated with elevated oxidative stress and reduced antioxidative defense biomarkers.ResultsFactor analysis extracted five factors, interpreted as (1) “weight status factor” including age, BMI, waist and hip circumferences; (2) “proatherogenic factor” that included LDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides; (3) “metabolic control factor” including glucose and HbA1c; (4) “renal marker factor” with positive loading of urinary albumin excretion rate and negative loading of GFR; and (5) “antiatherogenic factor” that included HDL-cholesterol. High AOPP levels were independently predicted by “proatherogenic” (OR: 2.32; 95% CI: 1.44–3.71; p < 0.001), “metabolic control” (OR: 2.24; 95% CI: 1.35–3.73; p < 0.01), and “renal marker” (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.03–2.65; p < 0.05) factors. “Renal marker factor” was a significant predictor of PAB (OR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.34–0.81; p < 0.01). Regarding antioxidative defense markers, reduced SH groups were predicted by “proatherogenic factor” (OR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.34–0.94; p < 0.05), while “weight status factor” predicted lower SOD activity (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.03–2.67; p < 0.05).ConclusionsCardiometabolic risk factors and renal function are associated with oxidative stress in pediatric T1DM patients.
The relative verb forms of Cuwabo (Bantu P34) as contextually oriented participles
Authors: Guérois Rozenn , Creissels Denis 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCuwabo (Bantu P34, Mozambique) illustrates a relativization strategy, also attested in some North-Western and Central Bantu languages, whose most salient characteristics are that: (a) the initial agreement slot of the verb form does not express agreement with the subject (as in independent clauses), but agreement with the head noun; (b) the initial agreement slot of the verb form does not express agreement in person and number-gender (or class), but only in number-gender; (c) when a noun phrase other than the subject is relativized, the noun phrase encoded as the subject in the corresponding independent clause occurs in post-verbal position and does not control any agreement mechanism. In this article, we show that, in spite of the similarity between the relative verb forms of Cuwabo and the corresponding independent verb forms, and the impossibility of isolating a morphological element analyzable as a participial formative, the relative verb forms of Cuwabo are participles, with the following two particularities: they exhibit full contextual orientation, and they assign a specific grammatical role to the initial subject, whose encoding in relative clauses coincides neither with that of subjects of independent verb forms, nor with that of adnominal possessors.
Anthropogenic invaders: historical biogeography, current genetic status and distribution range of the “peludo” Chaetophractus villosus (Xenarthra) in Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego, southern South America
Authors: Poljak Sebastián , Sánchez Julieta , Lanusse Lucas , Lizarralde Marta Susana 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Chaetophractus villosus was once distributed from the south of Bolivia and Paraguay to the northwest of Patagonia, where the species survived in glacial refugia during Pleistocene. After the ice retreated, the species expanded its distribution further south reaching Chubut River. In the last two centuries, the species colonized the rest of Patagonia on both sides of the Andes and was introduced in Tierra del Fuego (TDF) in 1982, where it expanded its distribution range along 484 km2 until 2005. A single mitochondrial Control Region haplotype (HC) was described across Argentine Patagonia based on the low number of samples. This lack of variability was exceptional and impressive, taking into account that the northern neighboring areas of distribution are considered ancestral due to the haplotype richness. Here, we added new field and genetic data and compiled recent bibliography to update the biogeography and phylogeography of the species in southern South America. To explain the unprecedent lack of genetic variability, we discussed three main aspects: a historical biogeographic aspect related to the natural barriers for the species, a strong stochastic component, and the possible adaptive advantages of the only mitochondrial lineage detected, whose colonization and acclimatization to the new environment were mediated by man. We also estimated that the current distribution range in TDF is about 8527 km2.
Inflammatory fibroid polyp: an unusual cause of abdominal pain in the upper gastrointestinal tract A case report
Authors: Wang Huan , Zhou Tiejun , Zhang Cuiwei , Li Hao , Lü Muhan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Inflammatory fibroid polyps (IFPs) tend to occur in the gastrointestinal tract, and they are rare and benign neoplasms. In general, IFPs often come from epithelial tissue. The gastric antrum is the most common location. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) often shows a predominantly hypoechoic mass with well-defined borders originating from the submucosal area. Here, we report the case of a 46-year-old woman with abdominal pain who underwent computed tomography (CT), endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of resected specimens; the diagnosis was ultimately an inflammatory fibroid polyp. She is currently in clinical remission.
LncRNA LINC00152 promotes laryngeal cancer progression by sponging miR-613
Authors: Zheng Xuesong , Dong Su , Sun Lele , Xu Jialu , Liu Jia , Hao Rui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00152 (CYTOR) has been reported to be upregulated and to serve as a diagnostic biomarker in multiple types of cancers, including laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC). However, the functional role and molecular mechanisms of LINC00152 in LSCC progression need to be further investigated.

Methods
LINC00152 levels in LSCC and adjacent normal tissues were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Gene knockdown of LINC00152 was achieved in LSCC cells by use of small interfering RNA (siRNA). Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were examined by a series of methods. The micoRNA (miRNA) interaction with LINC00152 was screened by starBase v2.0 and confirmed by luciferase reporter activity.

Results
LINC00152 levels in LSCC tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent normal tissue, and patients with lymph node metastasis or an advanced clinical stage displayed higher LINC00152 expression. Moreover, siRNA-mediated LINC00152 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of LSCC cells and induced apoptosis in those cells. Mechanistically, LINC00152 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) sponging miR-613. The inhibitory effect of LINC00152 knockdown on malignant behavior was abrogated by inhibiting miR-613.

Conclusion
LINC00152 exerts an oncogenic effect on the tumorigenesis of LSCC by sponging miR-613 and may serve as a potential target for treating LSCC.
Crystal structure of (E)-2-(4-((3,4-difluorobenzyl)oxy)styryl)-4,6-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, C24H20F2O4
Authors: Xia Chun , Xie Qiang , Ruan Ban-Feng , Zhou Ben-Guo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
C24H20F2O4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.3962(8) Å, b = 11.1939(19) Å, c = 11.596(2) Å, α = 64.877(17)°, β = 85.781(11)°, γ = 86.894(10)°, V = 983.8(3) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0658, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1750, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of 18-crown-6 – 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene – acetonitrile (1/1/2), C22H30F4I2N2O6
Authors: Dang Limin , Yang Huiqiong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
C22H30F4I2N2O6, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 7.6927(3) Å, b = 12.4813(5) Å, c = 15.0763(5) Å, β = 92.862(3)°, V = 1445.74(9) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0242, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0581, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 3-acetyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, C18H16O8
Authors: Gu Jia , Huang Cui-Xin , Zheng Yan-Ling , Nie Xu-Liang , Chen Jin-Zhu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
C18H16O8, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.3210(8) Å, b = 5.1825(8) Å, c = 29.598(5) Å, β = 93.875(2)°, V = 814.3(2) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0340, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1011, T = 296(2) K.
The Jade Straitjacket: Measuring Reactions to China’s Rise
Authors: Herrera Felipe 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSince the Cold War, the Global South has become the basis of China’s political, economic, and military interests, as well as the major theater of China’s power competition with the United States. It is thus necessary to recognize how developing states have responded to changes in the international system brought on by China’s rise. Given the tide of nativism opposing trade and globalization, mostly studied through a Western lens, this study extends the analysis to the attitudes of the Global South. I outline the Western reaction to China’s rise to differentiate the factors that provoke backlash in the developed and developing world. Analyzing the relationship between China’s economic engagement and the degree of anti-China sentiment in a given region, as compared to the same relationships for the United States, I provide an amendment to Friedman’s “Golden Straitjacket” thesis to better understand China’s role in the processes of globalization and discuss the implications of the relationship between trade and domestic attitudes on the liberal theory of trade interdependence and conflict. I argue that since China’s “Jade Straitjacket” is a destabilizing force that provokes negative backlash stronger than reactions to American trade based on the findings of this study, policymakers must contend with the disconnect between elites who make the decision to don the straitjacket and domestic audiences who react adversely to the societal ramifications of these decisions.
Experimental study on photocatalytic degradation efficiency of mixed crystal nano-TiO2 concrete
Authors: Guo Zhan , Huang Chenxiang , Chen Yu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The photocatalytic mixed crystal nano-TiO2 particles were incorporated with concrete by means of the internal doping method (IDM) and spraying method (SPM) in this paper. To evaluate the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of mixed crystal nano-TiO2 concrete, the methyl orange (MO) was chosen to simulate pollutants. The physicochemical characteristics and photocatalytic performance of mixed crystal nano-TiO2 concrete prepared by above two different methods were experimentally investigated under UV irradiation and solar irradiation. Furthermore, the effects of two key influential factors including pollutant concentration and irradiation condition were also analyzed and discussed. Experimental results indicate that the nano-TiO2 concrete prepared by the spraying method (SPM) exhibits maximum photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 73.82% when the sprayed nano-TiO2 slurry concentration is 10mg/L. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of unpolished nano-TiO2 concrete is much higher than that of polished nano-TiO2 concrete under the same exposure time of UV irradiation. Moreover, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of nano-TiO2 concrete decreases with the increase of pollutant concentration. The irradiation condition has an obvious influence on the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of nano-TiO2 concrete. In the aspect of applications, the practical recommendations for the nano-TiO2 concrete with self-cleaning capacity were presented according to the experimental results.
Zur Empfehlung von Abfindungsobergrenzen für Vorstandsmitglieder
Authors: Schottmüller-Einwag Ute , Dilger Alexander 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird untersucht, ob Vorstandsabfindungen von börsennotierten Unternehmen durch die Empfehlung 4.2.3 Abs. 4 Satz 1 des Deutschen Corporate Governance Kodex in der Fassung vom 7. Februar 2017 in ihrer Höhe begrenzt werden. Die dort vorgeschlagene Vereinbarung einer Begrenzung der Abfindungshöhe im Anstellungsvertrag entfaltet jedoch bei der vorzeitigen Vertragsbeendigung mittels eines Aufhebungsvertrags keine rechtliche Bindungswirkung. Die Analyse umfangreicher empirischer Daten zu Entsprechenserklärungen aller CDAX-Unternehmen in den Jahren 2010 bis 2014 zeigt, dass signifikant mehr als 20 Prozent der Unternehmen die Vereinbarung der empfohlenen Obergrenze ablehnen. Des Weiteren kann für die tatsächlichen Abfindungsrelationen vorzeitig ausgeschiedener Vorstandsmitglieder von DAX-Unternehmen in den Jahren 2010 bis 2014 gezeigt werden, dass die empfohlenen Obergrenzen trotz anderslautender Entsprechenserklärungen mehrheitlich überschritten wurden. Auf Basis der empirischen Ergebnisse wird eine Gestaltungsempfehlung für die Praxis abgeleitet, welche der Empfehlung zu einer stärkeren Wirkung verhelfen kann.
Konstitutionalisierung der Wirtschaftsordnung?
Authors: Möslein Florian 
Published: March 2020

Zusammenfassung
Die Forderung nach der Verankerung der sozialen Marktwirtschaft im Grundgesetz wirft zunächst die Frage auf, ob eine solche Konstitutionalisierung der Wirtschaftsordnung erforderlich ist. Die Erfahrung der letzten siebzig Jahre zeigt jedoch, dass sich die soziale Marktwirtschaft auch ohne solche verfassungsrechtliche Verankerung fest etabliert hat. Ebenso wenig ist umgekehrt die Streichung des Vergesellschaftungsartikels erforderlich, weil diese Verfassungsnorm bislang niemals zur Anwendung gekommen ist und weil für Eigentumseingriffe ohnehin die Schranken des Art. 14 GG gelten. Auch die Hoffnung auf mehr Klarheit dürfte trügen, da neue Rechts- oder Verfassungsbegriffe naturgemäß begrifflich unschärfer sind als tradiertere Begriffe. Fehl geht auch die Behauptung, die vorgeschlagene Neuregelung verbessere den individuellen Rechtsschutz. Der Vorschlag eines neuen Art. 15 GG ist nämlich als bloße Staatszielbestimmung konzipiert, nicht als individuelles Grundrecht. Gleichermaßen unrichtig ist schließlich die Aussage, die Gewährleistungen der EU-Verträge würden den Bürger nicht vor Übergriffen seiner eigenen Regierung schützen. Ganz im Gegenteil haben sich gerade die europäischen Grundfreiheiten als kraftvolles Liberalisierungsinstrument erwiesen. Für die Verankerung der sozialen Marktwirtschaft im Grundgesetz spricht immerhin, dass diese dadurch zweifelsfrei Teil dessen objektiver Wertordnung würde.
Modification of perlite to prepare low cost zeolite as adsorbent material for removal of 144Ce and 152+154Eu from aqueous solution
Authors: Ahmed I. M. , Attia Lamis A. , Attallah M. F. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The expanded perlite and base activated perlite (Zeolite-NaA) results from treating perlite has a SiO2:Al2O3 ratio ~2 were used as an adsorbents for the removal of 144Ce and 152+154Eu. The two adsorbents were fully characterized. The factors affecting the sorption of radionuclides onto expanded and modified perlite including contact time, pH, ion concentration were investigated. The modification process of expanded perlite enhanced the removal of 152+154Eu from 17.0 to 97.0 %, while for 144Ce from 22.0 to 91.0 %. Both 144Ce and 152+154Eu obey Langmiur isotherm model in case of using modified perlite (Zeolite-NaA) and expanded perlite.