bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compact magneto-optical trap with a quartz vacuum chamber for miniature gravimeters
Authors: Weng Kanxing , Wu Bin , Lin Jiahong , Zhou Yin , Cheng Bing , Lin Qiang 
Published: April 2020

The realization of a compact magneto-optical trap (MOT) with a quartz vacuum chamber via ultra-low power of a cooling laser is reported. The dependence of the properties of the MOT on key experimental parameters is investigated. The efficiency of capturing atoms of the novel MOT is compared with that of the metal vacuum chamber. The compact quartz vacuum chamber can achieve a maximum rubidium (

87

R
b

) atomic loading rate of about

8
×

10
9

/

s

with less than 60 mW of the total power of cooling lasers, while the metal chamber obtains the maximum atomic loading rate of about

3
×

10
9

/

s

with more than 240 mW of the total power of cooling lasers. The compact apparatus avoids undesired effects found in a metal chamber, such as high power consumption and the magnetic-field eddy current effect. This compact MOT is helpful in the design of miniature atomic gravimeters.
Design and experimental demonstration of a silicon multi-dimensional (de)multiplexer for wavelength-, mode- and polarization-division (de)multiplexing
Authors: He Yu , Zhang Yong , Wang Hongwei , Sun Lu , Su Yikai 
Published: April 2020

Leveraging the physical dimensions of an optical carrier (e.g., wavelength, mode, or polarization) allows significant scaling of the transmission capacity for optical communications. Here we propose a scheme for implementing on-chip silicon (de)multiplexers with simultaneous wavelength-, mode-, and polarization-division (de)multiplexing capability. The device is constructed by using cascaded subwavelength grating (SWG)-based contra-directional couplers. To verify the feasibility of the proposed structure, we perform a proof-of-concept experiment of an 8-channel (de)multiplexer with two wavelengths, two modes, and two polarizations. The insertion losses are lower than 6.6 dB and the crosstalk values are below

−
18.7

d
B

at around 1540 nm and 1550 nm for all the eight channels.
Microfluidic flow direction and rate vector sensor based on a partially gold-coated TFBG
Authors: Shen Changyu , Liu Dejun , Lian Xiaokang , Lang Tingting , Zhao Chunliu , Semenova Yuliya , Albert Jacques 
Published: April 2020

In microfluidic chips applications, the monitoring of the rate and the direction of a microfluidic flow is very important. Here, we demonstrate a liquid flow rate and a direction sensor using a partially gold-coated tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG) as the sensing element. Wavelength shifts and amplitude changes of the TFBG transmission resonances in the near infrared reveal the direction of the liquid flowing along the fiber axis in the vicinity of the TFBG due to a nanoscale gold layer over part of the TFBG. For a device length of 10 mm (and a diameter of 125 µm for easy insertion into microfluidic channels), the flow rates and the direction can be detectable unequivocally. The TFBG waveguiding properties allow such devices to function in liquids with refractive indices ranging from 1.33 to about 1.40. In addition, the proposed sensor can be made inherently temperature-insensitive by referencing all wavelengths to the wavelength of the core mode resonance of the grating, which is isolated from the fiber surroundings.
Construction of recombinant lentiviral vector containing human stem cell leukemia gene and its expression in interstitial cells of cajal
Authors: Li Chen , Qian Biao , Ni Zhao , Wang Qinzhang , Wang Zixiong , Ma Luping , Liu Zhili , Li Qiang , Wang Xinmin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study aims to construct recombinant lentiviral vectors containing the human stem cell leukemia (SCL) gene and investigate theirin vitrotransfection efficiency in Interstitial Cells of Cajal (ICC) of guinea pig bladders. In this study, the human SCL gene was successfully cloned, and the recombinant lentivirus GV287-SCL was successfully constructed. The titer of the recombinant lentivirus was 5 × 108TU /mL. After transfecting the ICCs with the lentiviral vector at different MOIs, the optimal MOI was determined to be 10.0, and the optimal transfection time was determined to be 3 days. The amplification product of the lentivirus transfection group was consistent with the target fragment, indicating that the SCL gene had been successfully introduced into ICCs. In conclusion, the recombinant lentiviral vector GV287-SCL was successfully constructed and transfected into thein vitrocultured ICCs. The successful expression of SCL in ICCs may provide an experimental basis for thein vivotransfection of the SCL gene.
On the peculiar nature of double complement unaccusatives in Japanese
Authors: Aoyagi Hiroshi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper attempts to elucidate the peculiar nature of double complement unaccusatives (DCUs). Among the two widely-held diagnostics for subjecthood in Japanese, i. e.zibun-binding and subject honorification, the subject of DCUs passes the former but not the latter. First, recognizing two subtypes of ditransitive verbs, verbs of change of possession (VCPs) and verbs of change of location (VCLs), we will note that DCUs are generally formed on VCPs. Next, given our layered verb phrase hypothesis, theni-phrase in DCUs as well as VCPs is base-generated in Spec of Low Applicative (L-Appl), and it is moved to Spec of v fordatcase marking. Spec of v is high enough forzibun-binding. However, since the target of subject honorification is licensed in Spec of High Applicative (H-Appl), theni-phrase, base-generated in Spec of L-Appl, should further move to Spec of H-Appl. This is prohibited due to a feature-based version of theta criterion.
“Nobody disappears. People don’t just disappear”: Repetition and negation as dialogic devices in Caryl Phillips’s “Northern Lights”
Authors: Tunca Daria 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article investigates the literary significance of two linguistic devices, repetition and negation, in the fictionalized biography “Northern Lights” by British-Caribbean writer Caryl Phillips, a narrative that focuses on David Oluwale, a Nigerian immigrant to the UK who died as a result of police violence in Leeds in 1969. To recount Oluwale’s story, “Northern Lights” uses a non-linear structure that juxtaposes stylistically diverse material such as eyewitness testimonies, a history of the city of Leeds, administrative documents, and passages featuring an authorial figure who apostrophizes the dead Oluwale. Analysing linguistic patterns found within and across these different textual segments, this article argues that repetition and negation play a key role in generating forms of dialogism that, in turn, implicitly indicate how “Northern Lights” positions itself towards Oluwale and his controversial story. From a more broadly methodological perspective, the article seeks to advance knowledge of how negation and repetition, when jointly studied as pragmatic phenomena, can impact literary strategies of characterization and reinforce a text’s poetic effects.
The relative roles of skill and luck within 11 different golfer populations
Authors: Rendleman Jr. Richard J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Drawing on the golf-related example of regression to the mean as presented by Kahneman in his best-selling book, Thinking Fast and Slow, this study shows how the regression-to-the-mean phenomenon is revealed in first- and second-round scoring in 11 different golfer populations, ranging from golfers with the highest level of skill (professional golfers on the PGA TOUR) to amateur groups of much lower skill. Using the mathematics of truncated normal distributions, the study introduces a new method for estimating the mix between variation in scoring due to differences in player skill and that due to luck. Estimates of the skill/luck mix are very close to those obtained using the regression-based methodology of Morrison and are nearly identical to those implied by fixed effects regression models where fixed player and round effects are estimated simultaneously. The study also sheds light on the “paradox of skill,” originally suggested by Gould and developed further by Mauboussin, as it relates to golf by showing that luck plays a more important role in determining player scores in higher-skilled golfer groups compared with lower-skilled groups.
Niedertemperatur-Pellistoren mit Au-Pd-imprägniertem mesoporösem Co3O4 als katalytische Schicht
Authors: Lyu Xuemeng , Gao Haitao , Diehle Patrick , Schmitt Katrin , Tarantik Karina R. , Wöllenstein Jürgen 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Herkömmliche Pellistoren auf der Basis von porösen Al2O3 als Trägermaterial für einen Pd-Katalysator benötigen eine Arbeitstemperatur von rund 450 °C für den Nachweis von Methan. Durch diese hohe Temperatur sind sie anfällig für „Vergiftungen“ durch Silizium-haltige Gase. Eine gute Alternative bieten Co3O4-basierte Träger in Kombination mit bimetallischen katalytischen Nanomaterialien, mit denen die Arbeitstemperatur auf rund 300 °C gesenkt werden kann. Wir stellen in diesem Beitrag unsere Ergebnisse für ein Materialsystem aus mesoporösem Co3O4 mit Au-Pd-Funktionalisierung vor. Die erzielten Ergebnisse zeigen, dass mesoporöses Co3O4 vorteilhaft gegenüber kommerziell erhältlichem polykristallinem Co3O4 in Bezug auf die katalytische Umsetzung ist. Zudem beeinflusst der Bedeckungsgrad des Co3O4 mit Au-Pd-Partikeln das katalytische Verhalten des Sensors. Die niedrigere Betriebstemperatur des untersuchten Materialsystems verbessert den Explosionsschutz entscheidend und senkt die Heizleistungsaufnahme. Bei den für die Experimente verwendeten Substraten verringert sich die Heizleistungsaufnahme von 610 mW bei 450 °C auf 355 mW bei 300 °C Arbeitstemperatur.
Thermal Isomerization of [Co(acac)2(N3)(py)] in Liquid Solution Studied by Time-Resolved Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Unruh Tobias , Vöhringer Peter 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe thermally induced stereochemical interconversion between thetransandcisisomers of [Co(acac)2(N3)(py)] in liquid solution is investigated with time-resolved Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The complex is synthesized stereo-selectively in itstrans-form. Upon dissolution of thetrans-form, the kinetic build-up of thecis-form is evidenced by the spectro-temporal evolution of the FTIR-spectrum. The individual isomer-specific component spectra are in good agreement with calculated spectra obtained from density functional theory. The rate constants of the forward and backward reactions responsible for thetrans-cisisomerization equilibrium are derived from the kinetic traces in combination with existing thermochemical data from the literature. Moreover, the temperature-dependence of the rate constants are in line with Arrhenius activation energies of (122 ± 8) kJ/mol and (109 ± 8) kJ/mol for the forward and backward reactions, respectively. DFT-calculations suggest that the stereochemical rearrangement is caused by a pyridine rebound mechanism involving penta-coordinated square-pyramidal [Co(acac)2(N3)]-intermediates.
Comparing psychological constructs in early specializing and non-specializing youth boys hockey players
Authors: Mosher Alexandra , Baker Joseph , Fraser-Thomas Jessica 
Published: April 2020

Athletes who specialize early often invest more into their sport from a young age, thus it has been suggested early specializers may feel greater pressures to perform, and may have higher levels of anxiety. This study focused on better understanding the differences between early specializers and non-specializers in terms of psychological constructs (competitive state anxiety, competitive trait anxiety, and personality). Participants were divided into groups based on a modified version of the DHAQ (Hopwood, Baker, MacMahon & Farrow, 2010). Independent sample t-tests were conducted to test between group differences. There were no significant differences between early specializers and non-specializers in scores of competitive state anxiety, competitive trait anxiety, and the big five personality traits. Results highlight the need for further investigation into differences between early specializers and non-specializers.
Calcineurin Inhibition Causes α2δ-1–Mediated Tonic Activation of Synaptic NMDA Receptors and Pain Hypersensitivity
Authors: Huang Yuying , Chen Shao-Rui , Chen Hong , Luo Yi , Pan Hui-Lin 
Published: April 2020

Calcineurin inhibitors, such as tacrolimus (FK506) and cyclosporine, are widely used as standard immunosuppressants in organ transplantation recipients. However, these drugs can cause severe pain in patients, commonly referred to as calcineurin inhibitor-induced pain syndrome (CIPS). Although calcineurin inhibition increases NMDAR activity in the spinal cord, the underlying mechanism remains enigmatic. Using an animal model of CIPS, we found that systemic administration of FK506 in male and female mice significantly increased the amount of α2δ-1–GluN1 complexes in the spinal cord and the level of α2δ-1–bound GluN1 proteins in spinal synaptosomes. Treatment with FK506 significantly increased the frequency of mEPSCs and the amplitudes of monosynaptic EPSCs evoked from the dorsal root and puff NMDAR currents in spinal dorsal horn neurons. Inhibiting α2δ-1 with gabapentin or disrupting the α2δ-1–NMDAR interaction with α2δ-1Tat peptide completely reversed the effects of FK506. In α2δ-1 gene KO mice, treatment with FK506 failed to increase the frequency of NMDAR-mediated mEPSCs and the amplitudes of evoked EPSCs and puff NMDAR currents in spinal dorsal horn neurons. Furthermore, systemic administration of gabapentin or intrathecal injection of α2δ-1Tat peptide reversed thermal and mechanical hypersensitivity in FK506-treated mice. In addition, genetically deleting GluN1 in dorsal root ganglion neurons or α2δ-1 genetic KO similarly attenuated FK506-induced thermal and mechanical hypersensitivity. Together, our findings indicate that α2δ-1–bound NMDARs mediate calcineurin inhibitor-induced tonic activation of presynaptic and postsynaptic NMDARs at the spinal cord level and that presynaptic NMDARs play a prominent role in the development of CIPS.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCalcineurin inhibitors are immunosuppressants used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs and tissues. However, these drugs can cause severe, unexplained pain. We showed that calcineurin inhibition enhances physical interaction between α2δ-1 and NMDARs and their synaptic trafficking in the spinal cord. α2δ-1 is essential for calcineurin inhibitor-induced aberrant activation of presynaptic and postsynaptic NMDARs in the spinal cord. Furthermore, inhibiting α2δ-1 or disrupting α2δ-1–NMDAR interaction reduces calcineurin inhibitor-induced pain hypersensitivity. Eliminating NMDARs in primary sensory neurons or α2δ-1 KO also attenuates calcineurin inhibitor-induced pain hypersensitivity. This new information extends our mechanistic understanding of the role of endogenous calcineurin in regulating synaptic plasticity and nociceptive transmission and suggests new strategies for treating this painful condition.
Serum and adipose tissue chemerin is differentially related to insulin sensitivity
Authors: Karczewska-Kupczewska Monika , Nikołajuk Agnieszka , Stefanowicz Magdalena , Matulewicz Natalia , Kowalska Irina , Strączkowski Marek 
Published: April 2020

Objective
The aim of the study was to assess serum chemerin concentration and s.c. adipose tissue (SAT) chemerin expression in relation to insulin sensitivity and obesity in young healthy subjects.

Design
We performed a cross-sectional study including 128 subjects, 44 with normal weight, 44 with overweight and 40 with obesity.

Methods
Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and SAT biopsy were performed. Next, 30 subjects with obesity underwent 12-week weight-reducing dietary intervention.

Results
Serum chemerin was higher and SAT chemerin expression was lower in subjects with obesity in comparison with other groups. The relationship of serum chemerin with SAT expression and insulin sensitivity were positive in normal weight and overweight individuals, and negative in individuals with obesity. In the entire study population, serum chemerin was also positively related to hsCRP, serum fetuin A and alanine aminotransferase. SAT chemerin was positively related to insulin sensitivity, SAT insulin signaling and adipogenic genes. Weight loss decreased serum chemerin, whereas SAT chemerin increased in subjects with the highest increase in insulin sensitivity.

Conclusions
Serum and SAT chemerin is differentially associated with insulin sensitivity and the relationship between serum chemerin and insulin sensitivity depends on adiposity. SAT chemerin is positively associated with insulin sensitivity across a wide range of BMIs and may be proposed as a biomarker of metabolically healthy SAT. Our results suggest that SAT is not the main source of serum chemerin in obesity.
Miłosierdzie Boże szansą ożywienia posługi charytatywnej Kościoła w Polsce
Authors: Przygoda Wiesław 
Published: April 2020

Ogłoszony przez papieża Franciszka Rok Miłosierdzia niewątpliwie przyczynił się do intensywniejszego głoszenia prawdy o miłosierdziu Bożym oraz do rozwoju różnych form kultu miłosierdzia Bożego w Kościele. W kontekście tego wydarzenia rodzi się inne pytanie, w jaki sposób ów jubileusz mógł się przyczynić do ożywienia posługi charytatywnej Kościoła w Polsce? Próbę odpowiedzi na to pytanie stanowi niniejsze opracowanie, a jego źródłem podstawowym są współczesne dokumenty Kościoła, szczególnie nauczanie papieża Franciszka. Autor przedstawia najpierw miłosierdzie jako zasadę duszpasterstwa, gdyż miłosierdzie ma przenikać wszystkie funkcje podstawowe Kościoła (kerygma-marytria, leiturgia, diakonia). Następnie na podstawie danych Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego w Warszawie analizuje aktualny stan ubóstwa w Polsce. W finalnej części artykułu wskazuje kryteria Kościoła służebnego. W przekonaniu autora stosowanie tych kryteriów jest warunkiem pomyślnej realizacji posługi charytatywnej Kościoła w Polsce.
Chrystocentryczny wymiar antropologii Hansa Ursa von Balthasara
Authors: Jastrzębski Andrzej 
Published: April 2020

W niniejszym artykule autor nakreśla podstawowe cechy charakteryzujące rozumienie człowieka w myśli Hansa Ursa von Balthasara, według którego człowiek dochodzi do osiągnięcia prawdziwej pełni swego człowieczeństwa jedynie poprzez przyjęcie łaski odkupienia wysłużonej mu przez Chrystusa. Naśladowanie Chrystusa, które jest pierwotnym zadaniem człowieka odkupionego, jest w swej istocie przyjęciem i wypełnieniem otrzymanej od Boga Ojca życiowej misji. Przyjęcie tej misji i życie nią pozwala człowiekowi dotrzeć do pełni prawdy o sobie, tj. zrozumienia oraz przyswojenia swojej najgłębszej tożsamości jako bytu. Dalszą konsekwencją tego procesu jest dla człowieka jego spełnienie, a w końcu także osobista świętość. Ważnym kontekstem tego procesu jest modlitwa kontemplacyjna.
Recovery and Calibration of Legacy Underground Nuclear Test Seismic Data from the Leo Brady Seismic Network
Authors: Young Brian A. , Abbott Robert E. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The Leo Brady Seismic Network (LBSN, originally the Sandia Seismic Network) was established in 1960 by Sandia National Laboratories to monitor underground nuclear tests (UGTs) at the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS, formerly named the Nevada Test Site). The LBSN has been in various configurations throughout its existence, but it has generally been comprised of four to six stations at regional distances (∼150–400  km) from the NNSS with approximately evenly spaced azimuthal coverage. Between 1962 and the end of nuclear testing in 1992, the LBSN—and a sister network operated by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories—was the most comprehensive United States source of regional seismic data of UGTs. Approximately 75% of all UGTs performed by the United States occurred in the predigital era. At that time, LBSN data were transmitted as frequency-modulated (FM) audio over telephone lines to a central location and recorded as analog waveforms on high-fidelity magnetic audio tapes. These tapes have been in dry temperature-stable storage for decades and contain the sole record of this irreplaceable data; full waveforms of LBSN-recorded UGTs from this era were not routinely digitized or otherwise published. We have developed a process to recover and calibrate data from these tapes. First, we play back and digitize the tapes as audio. Next, we demodulate the FM “audio” into individual waveforms. We then estimate the various instrument constants through careful measurement of “weight-lift” tests performed prior to each UGT on each instrument. Finally, these coefficients allow us to scale and shape the derived instrument response of the seismographs and compute poles and zeros. The result of this process is a digital record of the recorded seismic ground motion in a modern data format, stored in a searchable database. To date, we have digitized tapes from 592 UGTs.
Higher Grading Standards and Academic Motivation: Perceptions of Students and Teachers in a Lagos (Nigeria) Private Secondary School
Authors: Anazia Innocent Uche 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study used qualitative research method to investigate the views of students and teachers of a private secondary school in Lagos State, Nigeria on whether higher grading standards motivate students. The study was prompted by the decision of the management of the school to increase its grading standard. To guide the study, 10 students and 7 teachers participated in the study. Data were generated using interview technique which centred on three objectives or themes of the study. However, the second objective of the study was targeted at the students, while the third objective or theme was targeted at the teachers. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the perceptions of the students and teachers. The findings revealed that higher grading standards motivate students to study harder and that higher standards benefit both high-achievers and low-achievers. Considering that the study was the first attempt to investigate the issue as it concerns Nigeria, suggestions were made on future studies.
Efficacy of tertiary egg membranes as calcium zones for embryonic development in poultry breeds
Authors: Benjamin Siny George , Abraham Kurian Mathew , Nandini N.J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Growth and production of any animal husbandry including poultry depends on early development, growth, feeding, environmental and other factors. Early and later embryonic development forms a significant parameter in poultry production, during which human or technological intervention is practically impossible. Results Embryonic development is governed by very many internal factors among which, egg calcium utilization is of prime importance. An experiment was set up to investigate the egg calcium utilization of different poultry breeds at its embryonic development. Four breeds of locally available chicken ( Gallus gallus domesticus ), Broiler, Common domestic variety ( Nadan ), Vanaraja and Gramapriya breeds were selected and embryonic egg utilization was assessed by comparing calcium content of egg shell before and after hatching and found out that Vanaraja breed utilizes maximum (0.20gm) and significantly (P < 0.01) higher quantity egg shell calcium for embryonic development followed by Local breed (0.16gm) and least used variety was Broiler breed (0.09gm). Conclusions The study highlighted the criticality of the composition of the specific mineral in the calcium zones for embryonic utilization underlining the importance of its only source through food.