bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis and outcomes of surgical treatment of carotid bifurcation tumors
Authors: Li Xin , Zhang Weichang , Shu Chang , Li Quanming , Zhang Lei , Zhu Jieting 
Published: December 2020

Objective To retrospectively review our experience with the diagnosis and treatment of carotid bifurcation tumors (CBFT). Methods This was a retrospective study of 60 patients with CBFT who underwent surgical and conservative treatment. The patients’ clinicopathological features, imaging examination findings, treatment strategy, and prognosis were analyzed. The surgical grade, blood loss, tumor size, operative time, and postoperative complications were analyzed by Spearman’s correlation. Results Resection was performed in 52 patients with 53 tumors. The mean tumor volume, operative time, estimated blood loss, and follow-up time was 47.62 ± 65.28 cm3, 176.1 ± 86.55 minutes, 231.3 ± 354.0 mL, and 44.42 ± 29.30 months, respectively. Pathological examination showed that the number of carotid body tumors (CBT; paraganglioma), neurilemmoma, mesenchymal tissue tumor, and angioleiomyoma was 42, 8, 1, and 1, respectively. Of the CBT group, the rate of Shamblin Type I, II, and III was 11.9%, 59.5%, and 28.6%, and three cases were malignant CBT with lymph node metastasis. Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that complication grade was significantly related to surgical difficulty grade and operative time. Conclusion CBT is the most frequent lesion in CBFT, and CBT may be treated safely by surgical management. The severity of surgical complications is significantly correlated with surgical difficulty.
Trajectory tracking control of delta parallel robot based on disturbance observer
Authors: Wu Mingkun , Mei Jiangping , Ni Jinlu , Hu Weizhong 
Published: December 2020

Delta parallel robot is widely used in the manufacturing process of food, medicine, electronics and military industries, which is a highly nonlinear system with strongly uncertain dynamics. Therefore, there are many difficulties in the controller design of delta robot. Based on the simplified dynamic model, a nonlinear PD+ controller with nonlinear disturbance observer is proposed for Delta parallel robot in this article, which can realize high-precision trajectory tracking in high-speed and high-acceleration motion. Then, the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system’s equilibrium point is proven by utilizing Lyapunov techniques and LaSalle’s invariance theorem. It is obvious that the proposed controller is significantly less dependent on the accuracy of the dynamic model. Besides, a disturbance observer based on the generalized momentum is constructed, which can effectively observe and compensate the disturbances. What’s more, the constructed disturbance observer avoids the calculation of the inverse of inertia matrix, which will greatly improve the response speed of the controller. The simulation results show that the proposed controller can assure better trajectory tracking accuracy in high-speed and high-acceleration motion. And the disturbance observer can effectively estimate the disturbance. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article:This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number51474320).
Functional and Radiographic Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Intramedullary Nail Device (MIIND) for Moderate to Severe Hallux Valgus
Authors: Biz Carlo , Crimì Alberto , Fantoni Ilaria , Tagliapietra Jacopo , Ruggieri Pietro 
Published: December 2020

Background: This study was aimed at assessing clinical and radiographic outcomes of the Minimally Invasive Intramedullary Nail Device (MIIND) to correct moderate to severe hallux valgus (HV) and the long-term persistence of its effects. Methods: This case series study involved 100 patients, 84 women and 16 men (mean age, 59 years), who underwent the MIIND procedure with a mean follow-up of 97 months. Assessment was performed preoperatively, postoperatively, at 6 and 12 months, and at last follow-up. Clinical outcomes were evaluated with American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores, visual analog scale (VAS), and patient satisfaction. Intermetatarsal angle (IMA), metatarsophalangeal hallux valgus angle (HVA), distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA), and tibial sesamoid position were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed. Results: The mean AOFAS score improved from 57.9 to 90.5 points, VAS scale was 1.5 ± 2.0, and patients’ satisfaction was 8.7 ± 1.4. The mean correction of the HVA and IMA showed a significant correction; however, the effect of time was not statistically significant on DMAA. Sex ( P = .047), severity ( P = .050), associated procedures ( P = .000), and preoperative angle ( P = .000) showed significant association with HVA correction and its persistence over time. Age was not statistically significant. Complications were 9 cases of superficial wound infection and 6 recurrences. Conclusions: The MIIND technique proved a viable procedure to correct moderate to severe HV with a low rate of complications and recurrence, producing significant correction of most radiographic parameters assessed and their persistence, even at long term. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series study.
Procedural comparison of a standard PTA balloon for fistula and graft maintenance procedures with the novel Chameleon™ PTA balloon catheter
Authors: Crawford Joel , Gasparis Antonios , Kim Pamela , Jotwani Manish , Banerjee Satyaki , Labropoulos Nicos 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: The incidence of cephalic arch (CA) and central venous (CV) stenosis has been reported in the range of 30% in the literature. The purpose of this study is to compare contrast use, fluoroscopy time, and procedure time between standard imaging by injection of contrast through the access sheath versus injection of contrast through a novel PTA balloon with an integrated injection port. Methods: A multi-centered, retrospective evaluation of consecutive patients treated for CA and CV stenosis was performed. Data captured included demographics, co-morbidities, lesion characteristics/location, procedural details, volume of contrast used, fluoroscopy time, and procedure time. The control group was imaged and treated using standard practice with pre and post imaging performed through the sheath and intervention using standard PTA balloon. Imaging and treatment were performed using the Chameleon™ PTA catheter in the treatment arm. Results: A total of 68 consecutive patients were included. There were 34 patients in Group A and 34 patients in Group B. Average age was 65.2 versus 66.5 ( p = 0.284), respectively. There were no significant gender differences between groups. Prevalence of co-morbidities of hypertension, coronary artery disease, and diabetes was similar to national rates in both groups. Contrast volume, fluoroscopy time, and procedure time in Group B were significantly less when compared by multiple regression to Group A, correcting for potential confounders ( p = 0.0001, 0.0180, and 0.0008, respectively). Conclusion: Use of a PTA balloon with an integrated injection port shows potential for significant reduction in contrast dose, fluoroscopy time, and procedure time.
Myoelectric untethered robotic glove enhances hand function and performance on daily living tasks after stroke
Authors: Yurkewich Aaron , Kozak Illya J , Ivanovic Andrei , Rossos Daniel , Wang Rosalie H , Hebert Debbie , Mihailidis Alex 
Published: December 2020

Introduction Wearable robots controlled using electromyography could motivate greater use of the affected upper extremity after stroke and enable bimanual activities of daily living to be completed independently. Methods We have developed a myoelectric untethered robotic glove (My-HERO) that provides five-finger extension and grip assistance. Results The myoelectric controller detected the grip and release intents of the 9 participants after stroke with 84.7% accuracy. While using My-HERO, all 9 participants performed better on the Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Hand (8.4 point increase, scale out of 14, p < 0.01) and the Chedoke Arm and Hand Activity Inventory (8.2 point increase, scale out of 91, p < 0.01). Established criteria for clinically meaningful important differences were surpassed for both the hand function and daily living task assessments. The majority of participants provided satisfaction and usability questionnaire scores above 70%. Seven participants desired to use My-HERO in the clinic and at home during their therapy and daily routines. Conclusions People with hand impairment after stroke value that myoelectric untethered robotic gloves enhance their motion and bimanual task performance and motivate them to use their muscles during engaging activities of daily living. They desire to use these gloves daily to enable greater independence and investigate the effects on neuromuscular recovery.
Hand and Wrist Injuries Among Collegiate Athletes: The Role of Sex and Competition on Injury Rates and Severity
Authors: Simpson Andrew M. , Donato Daniel P. , Veith Jacob , Magno-Padron David , Agarwal Jayant P. 
Published: December 2020

Background: There is a high incidence of hand and wrist injuries in athletes participating in collegiate sports, but there is little information published characterizing them. Purpose: To characterize hand and wrist injuries in collegiate athletes using a large national database. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional analysis was designed using data from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance Program database to identify hand and wrist injuries (exclusive of any radial or ulnar fractures) in male and female collegiate athletes participating in NCAA Division I, II, and III sports from 2004 to 2015. Descriptive analyses were performed on stratified data to examine the associations between these injuries and sport, event type, and sex. Results: Men’s ice hockey (8.25 per 10,000 athlete-exposures [AEs]) and women's ice hockey (8.21 per 10,000 AEs) had the highest rate of hand and wrist injuries in all exposures. In every sport except women’s gymnastics ( P = .107), injuries were more commonly sustained during competition rather than during practice. Ligamentous injury to the phalynx was the most commonly sustained injury overall (1.416 per 10,000 AEs), and a metacarpal fracture was the most commonly sustained hand or wrist fracture (0.507 per 10,000 AEs). Injuries sustained during men’s wrestling (14.08 days) and women’s gymnastics (10.39 days) incurred the most time lost from sport. Surgery for hand and wrist injuries was most commonly required for men’s football (0.413 per 10,000 AEs) and women’s field hockey (0.404 per 10,000 AEs). Conclusion: Hand and wrist injuries were common among collegiate athletes. Male athletes experienced injuries with more frequency and severity. Injuries occurred more commonly during competition. While the majority of injuries were minor and did not require surgery, certain sports conferred a much higher risk of significant injuries requiring a surgical intervention.
Return to Sport After ACL Reconstruction With a BTB Versus Hamstring Tendon Autograft: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: DeFazio Matthew W. , Curry Emily J. , Gustin Michael J. , Sing David C. , Abdul-Rassoul Hussein , Ma Richard , Fu Freddie , Li Xinning 
Published: December 2020

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are debilitating injuries frequently suffered by athletes. ACL reconstruction is indicated to restore knee stability and allow patients to return to prior levels of athletic performance. While existing literature suggests that patient-reported outcomes are similar between bone–patellar tendon–bone (BTB) and hamstring tendon (HT) autografts, there is less information comparing return-to-sport (RTS) rates between the 2 graft types. Purpose: To compare RTS rates among athletes undergoing primary ACL reconstruction using a BTB versus HT autograft. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched, and studies that reported on RTS after primary ACL reconstruction using a BTB or HT autograft were included. Studies that utilized ACL repair techniques, quadriceps tendon autografts, graft augmentation, double-bundle autografts, allografts, or revision ACL reconstruction were excluded. RTS information was extracted and analyzed from all included studies. Results: Included in the review were 20 articles investigating a total of 2348 athletes. The overall RTS rate in our cohort was 73.2%, with 48.9% returning to preinjury levels of performance and a rerupture rate of 2.4%. The overall RTS rate in patients after primary ACL reconstruction with a BTB autograft was 81.0%, with 50.0% of athletes returning to preinjury levels of performance and a rerupture rate of 2.2%. Patients after primary ACL reconstruction with an HT autograft had an overall RTS rate of 70.6%, with 48.5% of athletes returning to preinjury levels of performance and a rerupture rate of 2.5%. Conclusion: ACL reconstruction using BTB autografts demonstrated higher overall RTS rates when compared with HT autografts. However, BTB and HT autografts had similar rates of return to preinjury levels of performance and rerupture rates. Less than half of the athletes were able to return to preinjury sport levels after ACL reconstruction with either an HT or BTB autograft.
Lung megakaryocytes display distinct transcriptional and phenotypic properties
Authors: Yeung Anthony K. , Villacorta-Martin Carlos , Hon Stephanie , Rock Jason R. , Murphy George J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMegakaryocytes (MKs) are responsible for platelet biogenesis, which is believed to occur canonically in adult bone marrow (BM) and in the fetal liver during development. However, emerging evidence highlights the lung as a previously underappreciated residence for MKs that may contribute significantly to circulating platelet mass. Although a diversity of cells specific to the BM is known to promote the maturation and trafficking of MKs, little investigation into the impact of the lung niche on the development and function of MKs has been done. Here, we describe the application of single-cell RNA sequencing, coupled with histological, ploidy, and flow cytometric analyses, to profile primary MKs derived from syngeneic mouse lung and hematopoietic tissues. Transcriptional profiling demonstrated that lung MKs have a unique signature distinct from their hematopoietic counterparts, with lung MKs displaying enrichment for maturation markers, potentially indicating a propensity for more efficient platelet production. Reciprocally, fetal lung MKs also showed the robust expression of cytokines and growth factors that are known to promote lung development. Lastly, lung MKs possess an enrichment profile skewed toward roles in immunity and inflammation. These findings highlight the existence of a lung-specific MK phenotype and support the notion that the lung plays an independent role in the development and functional maturation of MKs. The immune phenotype displayed by lung MKs also introduces their potential role in microbial surveillance and antigen presentation.
Outlier concepts auditing methodology for a large family of biomedical ontologies
Authors: Zheng Ling , Min Hua , Chen Yan , Keloth Vipina , Geller James , Perl Yehoshua , Hripcsak George 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Summarization networks are compact summaries of ontologies. The “Big Picture” view offered by summarization networks enables to identify sets of concepts that are more likely to have errors than control concepts. For ontologies that have outgoing lateral relationships, we have developed the "partial-area taxonomy" summarization network. Prior research has identified one kind of outlier concepts, concepts of small partials-areas within partial-area taxonomies. Previously we have shown that the small partial-area technique works successfully for four ontologies (or their hierarchies).

Methods
To improve the Quality Assurance (QA) scalability, a family-based QA framework, where one QA technique is potentially applicable to a whole family of ontologies with similar structural features, was developed. The 373 ontologies hosted at the NCBO BioPortal in 2015 were classified into a collection of families based on structural features. A meta-ontology represents this family collection, including one family of ontologies having outgoing lateral relationships. The process of updating the current meta-ontology is described. To conclude that one QA technique is applicable for at least half of the members for a family F, this technique should be demonstrated as successful for six out of six ontologies in F. We describe a hypothesis setting the condition required for a technique to be successful for a given ontology. The process of a study to demonstrate such success is described. This paper intends to prove the scalability of the small partial-area technique.

Results
We first updated the meta-ontology classifying 566 BioPortal ontologies. There were 371 ontologies in the family with outgoing lateral relationships. We demonstrated the success of the small partial-area technique for two ontology hierarchies which belong to this family, SNOMED CT’s Specimen hierarchy and NCIt’s Gene hierarchy. Together with the four previous ontologies from the same family, we fulfilled the “six out of six” condition required to show the scalability for the whole family.

Conclusions
We have shown that the small partial-area technique can be potentially successful for the family of ontologies with outgoing lateral relationships in BioPortal, thus improve the scalability of this QA technique.
Lab indicators standardization method for the regional healthcare platform: a case study on heart failure
Authors: Liang Ming , Zhang ZhiXing , Zhang JiaYing , Ruan Tong , Ye Qi , He Ping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Laboratory indicator test results in electronic health records have been applied to many clinical big data analysis. However, it is quite common that the same laboratory examination item (i.e., lab indicator) is presented using different names in Chinese due to the translation problem and the habit problem of various hospitals, which results in distortion of analysis results.

Methods
A framework with a recall model and a binary classification model is proposed, which could reduce the alignment scale and improve the accuracy of lab indicator normalization. To reduce alignment scale, tf-idf is used for candidate selection. To assure the accuracy of output, we utilize enhanced sequential inference model for binary classification. And active learning is applied with a selection strategy which is proposed for reducing annotation cost.

Results
Since our indicator standardization method mainly focuses on Chinese indicator inconsistency, we perform our experiment on Shanghai Hospital Development Center and select clinical data from 8 hospitals. The method achieves a F1-score 92.08$$\%$$
%
in our final binary classification. As for active learning, the new strategy proposed performs better than random baseline and could outperform the result trained on full data with only 43$$\%$$
%
training data. A case study on heart failure clinic analysis conducted on the sub-dataset collected from SHDC shows that our proposed method is practical in the application with good performance.

Conclusion
This work demonstrates that the structure we proposed can be effectively applied to lab indicator normalization. And active learning is also suitable for this task for cost reduction. Such a method is also valuable in data cleaning, data mining, text extracting and entity alignment.
Chest x-ray severity score in COVID-19 patients on emergency department admission: a two-centre study
Authors: Monaco Cristian Giuseppe , Zaottini Federico , Schiaffino Simone , Villa Alessandro , Della Pepa Gianmarco , Carbonaro Luca Alessandro , Menicagli Laura , Cozzi Andrea , Carriero Serena , Arpaia Francesco , Di Leo Giovanni , Astengo Davide , Rosenberg Ilan , Sardanelli Francesco 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Integration of imaging and clinical parameters could improve the stratification of COVID-19 patients on emergency department (ED) admission. We aimed to assess the extent of COVID-19 pulmonary abnormalities on chest x-ray (CXR) using a semiquantitative severity score, correlating it with clinical data and testing its interobserver agreement.

Methods
From February 22 to April 8, 2020, 926 consecutive patients referring to ED of two institutions in Northern Italy for suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection were reviewed. Patients with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction positive for SARS-CoV-2 and CXR images on ED admission were included (295 patients, median age 69 years, 199 males). Five readers independently and blindly reviewed all CXRs, rating pulmonary parenchymal involvement using a 0–3 semiquantitative score in 1-point increments on 6 lung zones (range 0–18). Interobserver agreement was assessed with weighted Cohen’s κ, correlations between median CXR score and clinical data with Spearman’s ρ, and the Mann-Whitney U test.

Results
Median score showed negative correlation with SpO2 (ρ = -0.242, p < 0.001), positive correlation with white cell count (ρ = 0.277, p < 0.001), lactate dehydrogenase (ρ = 0.308, p < 0.001), and C-reactive protein (ρ = 0.367, p < 0.001), being significantly higher in subsequently dead patients (p = 0.003). Considering overall scores, readers’ pairings yielded moderate (κ = 0.449, p < 0.001) to almost perfect interobserver agreement (κ = 0.872, p < 0.001), with better interobserver agreement between readers of centre 2 (up to κ = 0.872, p < 0.001) than centre 1 (κ = 0.764, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Proposed CXR pulmonary severity score in COVID-19 showed moderate to almost perfect interobserver agreement and significant but weak correlations with clinical parameters, potentially furthering CXR integration in patients’ stratification.