bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the properties of asphalt mixture using fiber materials
Authors: Al-Bdairi Ahmed , Al-Taweel Hayder Mohammed , Noor Hussein Mohammed 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn Iraq, the increasing in number of vehicles and trucks with their heavy traffic loading under high temperature can led to different types of failures in pavements. Various types of fibbers in asphalt mixtures have been used to improve the paving properties to resist the developed distresses form the applied stresses. The main objective of this research is to find the effect of using two types of fibbers (Steel Fiber and Polypropylene Fiber) on the performance of asphalt mixture grade (40-50) from Al-Daurah refinery. In this work, four percentages of steel fibber and Polypropylene Fiber are used as combinations which are (0.4-0, 0.3-0.1, 0.2-0.2, 0.1-0.3 and 0-0.4) % by total weight of asphalt mixture. Three types of tests are carried out (stability, indirect tensile strength and flow tests) to investigate the influence of using the fibbers on hot mix asphalt. The tests are conducted in two different temperatures (40 and 60). The results show that using the combination of 0.3 steel fibber and 0.1 of Polypropylene fibber can improve the stability and flow by 34.9% and 67.7% respectively at temperature of 40c. In addition, the result shows that using the combination of 0.3 steel fibber and 0.1 of Polypropylene fibber can reduced temperature susceptibility. Finally, the use of double fibbers does not improve the stability and flow at 60c.
Performance of concrete-filled steel tube truss girders strength by adding reinforcement
Authors: Thejeel Marwa M. , Shallal Muhaned A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Concrete filled steel tube (CFST) truss girder usually consists of CFST chords and hollow braces. The performance of steel tube truss girders filled with self-compacting concrete was investigated in this study. A total of eight CFST truss girders (Warren-vertical truss) specimens were tested. The main parameters were the concrete compressive strength and adding a reinforced bar in the concrete core of the bottom chord. Two of specimens without reinforcement were suggested as reference specimens. This study shows the load-deflection curves at the midspan, overall deflections, ultimate loads, flexural strength and failure modes of the tested specimens. The Proposed design equation found in the literature was used to predict the flexural strength of CFST trusses. The failure mode includes: weld fracture and shredding around joints and local buckling of the diagonal braces. Results show that the increase of concrete compressive strength caused a slight increase of the CFST truss strength by about (2.8%-10.34%), also the results showed that the best addition to the core concrete of the bottom chord was the circular steel tube compared with the addition of the steel bars.
Ultra-High-Performance Concrete Using Local Materials And Production Methods
Authors: Muteb Haitham H. , Hasan Dhafer M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The modern architectural designs and building techniques in the constriction field need new materials. Those materials have high compressive strength, such as an Ultra-High-Performance Concrete, which abbreviates by UHPC. The UHPC is suitable to use for high-rise buildings and long-span bridges. Therefore, this study investigated the ability to produce UHPCs depends on available materials and the optimum proportion of these materials. Also, the increment of the steel fiber is needed to study its effects on the mechanical properties of the UHPC. Therefore, four Fraction Volume of steel fiber content has been adopted, which were 0%, 1.5%, 3.0%, and 4.5%. The results showed the ability to produce UHPC with a compressive strength reaches to 150 MPa, by using affordable materials. However, the increase of the steel fiber content would be improved the compressive strength of about 40% for the steel fiber content of 4.5% as well as the rupture stress increased to 160% for the same fraction. The results revealed that the reduction of the compressive strength reaches to 0.69 when used small molds.
Evaluating the Efficiency of Strengthening Hot-Rolled I-Sectioned Steel Beams by using Additional Plates and Inclined Stiffeners with Various Widths
Authors: S. D. AL-Ridha Ahmed , Abbood Ali A. , Atshan Ali F. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this research, an attempt has been made to study the efficiency of strengthening hot-rolled I-sectioned steel beams by using additional steel plates welded at top and bottom flanges and inclined stiffeners with various widths welded at both sides of the web. This addition was incorporated to increase the moment of inertia about x and y axes (Ix-x and Iy-y) in order to reduce the vertical mid-span deflection as well as the horizontal strain and to prevent (or at least postpone) the occurrence of the lateral buckling. It was found that, the basic governing role of the additional top and bottom steel plates was to enlarge (Ix-x) for the purpose of decreasing the vertical mid-span deflection and the horizontal strain, while the major contribution of the inclined stiffeners was found that primarily its configuration provides some kind of lateral support and secondarily through increasing (Iy-y). It was also found that the usage of this type of strengthening leads to increase the ultimate load value in addition to the pre-mentioned reduce in deflection and strain. On the other hand, the failure mode is noticed to be changed from “lateral buckling” type (for the non strengthened beams) to a “plastic hinge” type at mid-span (for the strengthened beams) which is attributed to letting the strengthened beam attain its full flexural capacity through preventing (or postponing) the occurrence of lateral buckling.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation on the Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on Flexible Pavement
Authors: Alkaissi Zainab.A. , Alghalibi Eman A. , leabi Wafa k. , Najim L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
One of the most recently application for pavement performance improvement is the application of nonmaterial technology. The objectives of this research are to study the beneficial effect of using Nano Carbon Tube (NCTs) on the behaviour of asphalt mixture as preliminary indications and on the performance behaviour of flexible pavement system as a final investigation. The obtained experimental and finite element modelling results showed that adding (0.1%) and (1%) NCTs improved the stability value of asphalt mixture about (15%) and the addition of 0.5 % reduced the flow value around (2%) which means providing enhancement for rutting resistance. High elastic modulus value of (14000 MPa) are obtained at (0.5%) NCTs. This demonstrated the significant improvement of mechanical properties of modified asphalt mixtures as compared with control mix. The experimental results demonstrated the beneficial applications of carbon nanotubes NCTs additives to minimize the effect of moisture susceptibility for hot asphalt mixtures at (0.1%). The modified asphalt mixture with NCTs decreased the resistance to fatigue damage life of flexible pavement at (0.1%) and (0.5 %) NCTs but provide improve the fatigue resistance by about (10%) at (1%) NCTs and improved the resistance to rutting damage significantly about (83%), (233%), and (250%) for (0.1%), (0.5%) and (1%) NCTs respectively.
Effect of Cement Content on Compressive and Bonding Strength with Steel Bar Reinforcement
Authors: Almusawi Aqil M , Mehrath Habeeb J , Qasim Tamara A , Shallal Muhaned A 
Published: July 2020

AbstractConcrete is the most important building material due to the availability of its constituent materials and its easy manufacturing; it is commonly reinforced with a steel bar to resist the tensile stresses. The present research discusses the effect of cement content on the bonding strength with the steel bar reinforcement as well as the concrete strength while fixing the fine/coarse aggregate proportion, the slump and the water/cement ratio. Two series have been produced by using different types of steel bars (smooth and deformed) with a different cement content of (250, 300, 350, 400 and 450 kg/m3). These two parameters were used to study the effect of the cement content and the mechanical interlocking on the bonding strength between concrete and steel bars. The results of this study showed that the compressive strength increases with the increasing of cement content up to 400 kg/m3, and then there is no significant improvement in compressive strength. However, the bonding strength with the steel bar increases even at 450 kg/m3. For any cement content, the deformed bars exhibited a better bonding strength of several times than the smooth bars.
Flexural behavior of continuous beams consisting of normal concrete and SIFCON under static and repeated loads
Authors: Abeer S Z , Dawood M B , Ghalib M H 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete (SIFCON) has been used at plastic hinge locations to fix the ductility problem of continuous reinforced concrete beams. The use of SIFCON in compression parts of plastic hinge zones for continuous beam has been experimentally studied under both static and repeated loads. Six continuous beams with full scale have been tested; two with normal concrete totally and four with SIFCON at compression parts of plastic hinge locations. Three fraction volumes of fibers (Vf) % have been considered, 7%, 9% and 11%. Also, the influence of using SIFCON parts on redistribution of bending moment for continuous beams is investigated. It was noticed that, in all the reinforcement concrete beams, the using of SIFCON increased the capacity and ductility of the samples at same time. The improvement in the flexural capacity, the toughness and the moment redistribution for continuous beams could reach as high as 20%, 20% and 104% respectively. In addition, it was found that the reduction in flexural strength of composite continuous beam when it exposures to repeated loads was about 0.6% in comparison with that under static loads.
Morphologic and Engineering Characteristics of Watersheds (A Case Study: East Wasit Watersheds that Feed the Al-Shewicha Trough - Iraq)
Authors: Shamkhi Mohammed S. , Ridha Azeez Jasim Mohammed , Abdul-Sahib Ali A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Al-Shewicha Trough represents a real flood hazard to Kut City (capital of Wasit Province, Iraq) as well as to the other cities along the Tigris River downstream Kut Barrage, especially heavy monsoon years. Under the acute lack of water resources around the world, many modern techniques in unconventional innovative water resources management were developed. In this study, ArcGIS was used in the morphologic analysis of six river basins which represent the main sources of feed for the Al-Shewicha Trough. The results show that the high value of the greatest length of a basin 1,5 and 6 indicate that these watersheds have high value of concentration time (tc) which delays the peak flow. All basins consisted of very coarse and permeable subsurface strata, and were of coarse texture. Circularity ratio Form factor and elongation ratio shows an elongated shape of all basins with lower peak flow and long duration. Analyses of soil data demonstrate that the soil type that covers a large area is loam soil within the hydrologic soil group type B, which indicates that all basins have low permeability and high runoff. The most predominant land use was bare soil and all basins have a covering of poor vegetation which highlights the basins that are most susceptible to erosion, thus resulting in the generation of higher sedimentation.
Automatic Medical Images Segmentation Based on Deep Learning Networks
Authors: Shadeed Ghada A. , Tawfeeq Mohammed A. , Mahmoud Sawsan M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In recent years, radiography systems have become more used in medical fields, where they are used for diagnosing many diseases. The size of the radiographs differs, as well as the size of the body parts for each patient. So many researchers crop the radiographs manually to facilitate the diagnosis and make it more reliable. Currently, the trend toward deep learning was commended where the deep learning proved its effectiveness in many fields, especially in the medical field, in which it achieves good results in diagnosing the most types of diseases. Deep learning performance increases significantly when the training process is focused on the region of interest. In this paper, segmentation is implemented by used deep learning model on the thoracic region of the radiograph in order to be cropped later. The proposed model provided automatic cropping of the radiographs where a semantic segmentation network is provided by Vgg19 model. A comparison is done with semantic segmentation network provided by Vgg16. The segmentation based on Vgg19 model outperforms Vgg16 model in cropping Chest x-ray images dataset automatically and quickly.
Dark current analysis of p-i-n NiO/BiTiO3/ZnO thin film heterojunction diode
Authors: Hassan Alaa K , Ali Ghusoon M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Dark current analysis of fabricated NiO/BiTiO3/ZnO heterojunction thin film p-i-n diode is demonstrated in this paper. The diodes layers; p-type NiO, i-type BiTiO3 and n-type ZnO were fabricated by using a sol-gel method on glass substrates. This method is the most practical techniques used for manufacturing the nanostructured thin films of metal oxide and perovskite semiconductors. The electrical characteristics of the vertical p-i-n diode were investigated using current-voltage characterization at room ambient in dark condition. The parameters, for example, threshold voltage, rectifying ratio, ideality factor, junction resistance and leakage current, were extracted from the measured data. The turn on voltage, ideality factor, saturation current, junction series resistance, and junction shunt resistance were estimated to be 0.6 V, 6.1, 8×10-7 A, 40 Ω and 760 Ω, respectively. The effect of post-fabrication heat treatments on electrical properties has been studied. The optimum temperature at 100°C that improves the device performance. The performance enhancement attributed to the interface improvement of the between the aluminum contact and p-i-n thin films. With respect as-deposited p-i-n devices, the heat-treated diodes performance parameters such as threshold voltage, ideality factor and leakage current of devices are found to improve by 5%, 47.3%, and 63.3%, respectively. The rectification performance of the device was 13.6 at 100°C and degrades after the temperature reached 125°C attributed to new material phases appears at interfaces.
Thin Film Transistors p-type Depletion Mode based on Nickel-doped Zinc Oxide
Authors: Mirza Ali Ahmed , Ali Ghusoon M. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this work, Nickel-doped Zinc oxide (Ni:ZnO) thin film transistors (TFTs) p-type depletion mode were fabricated with different channel lengths. Channel lengths for TFTs were 50 μm, 70 μm and 100 μm. Ni:ZnO thin films deposited by hydrothermal technique The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) was used to examine the structural analytic of the prepared thin films. The diffraction peaks of prepared Ni:ZnO thin films are fairly matching with the hexagonal wurtzite ZnO structure with the preferred orientation (002) plane. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the surface morphologies of the fabricated thin films and study them. The SEM images confirm nanorods nanostructures. Hall Effect measurements reveal that the fabricated thin film is p-type. The characterization of Ni:ZnO TFTs p-type depletion mode was investigated by transfer (IDS–VGS) characteristics. The threshold voltage (VTh), subthreshold-swing (S.S), the on-off current ratio (ION/OFF) and the mobility carrier (saturation regime) were calculated. The 50μm Ni:ZnO TFT shows better performance based on device carrier mobility and highest ION/OFF ratio.
Recycling wastepaper papercrete to produce green concrete
Authors: Zubaidi Aseel B Al , Ahmedizat Shatha R , Al-Tabbakh Ahmed A 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This research studies using wastepaper as a replacement material in concrete blends. A concrete mollified wastepaper created via adding wastepaper as partial replacement through cement’s weight. Furthermore, it might be considered as eco-friendly, construction material was reduced amount of wastepaper. Inherent strength was gained because of the presence regarding the hydrogen chains in wastepaper’s microstructure. Papercrete has less costs in comparison to substitute building construction materials, energy absorption. Sound absorption and low thermal insulation were enhanced by papercrete. The different presents of wastepaper used after treating namely 0%, 5%, 7% in addition to 10% through partial replacement that is related to the cement’s weight for studying concrete blend’s mechanized properties like flexural tensile strength, split strength, compressive strength and put to comparison with the conventional mix. The results have specified that the flexural tensile strength, splitting strength as well as compressive strength decreased as the wastepaper’s content increased.
Analysis of Refractory Materials on Example of Experience of The Oxygen-Converter Department (JSC AMT, Temirtau, Kazakhstan)
Authors: Fatehy Aseel Nadhem , Meteab Mohammed Mhana , Ahmed Ashraf Abdullah 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the problems associated to the use of refractories in the metallurgical industry. In connecting with that, brief information about the refractories, their composition and classification was presented and as a practical example the operating experience of refractories in the oxygen-converter department of metallurgical plant was considered. Furthermore, steel teeming ladle as technological equipment which accounts for 30 … 35% of refractories was studied and as a result, a lining project reinforcing layer 300-t teeming ladles made of refractories with a curve form has been designed. The project successfully passed the experimental stage.
Performance of Dual Phase non-Newtonian Fluid in an Eccentric Annuli with Rotation of Inner Cylinder
Authors: Jassim L , Falih A H , Aldeen A S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The eccentric annular flow is a flow with special considerations; it forms a vital part of practical industrial flow analysis. In this work eccentric, dual phase flow through horizontal wells are simulated with the help of CFD. In horizontal annuli, flow occurs in an adverse pressure gradient condition, that makes the particle inside it susceptible to reversed flow. Thus the flow has to be analyzed in a three dimensional manner. Moreover, the non-Newtonian behavior of the fluid makes the problem really challenging in numerical and physical aspects. The results of this work clarify the relationship between different flow characteristics with the speed of inner wall rotation. The flow characteristics include swirl of flow, wall shear stress, and axial velocity.
Study the Thermal Properties of PVP/CuNPs Composite Prepared by Different Concentrations
Authors: Dhiaa Asmaa H. , Taher Ahmed A. , Diwan Abbas A. , Thahab S.M. , Azez Rana J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) with a particle size of 40 nm were used to prepare a copper paste by using a liquid phase reduction method with Poly vinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) aqueous solutions in ethanol with different concentrations of CuNPs. Many thermal properties were characterized such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), viscosity, thermal conductivity, PVP has properties such as a surface stabilizer, growth modifier, nanoparticle dispersant, and reducing agent. The influence of CuNPs particle volume fraction of (0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5%) with PVP on the thermal conductivity, pH and viscosity values of CuNPs./PVP were characterized. The experimental data show that the thermal conductivity of composites increases with the increase of filler. The enhancement of thermal conductivity is 62 % at 0.5% of the volume concentration at 25°C from the base PVP colloidal.
Experimental study of Natural composite Material on Acoustic properties
Authors: Kassim Muna S. , Al-Maliki Ammar Fadhil Hussein , Jasim Hadeel Abdulhadi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The nature of natural fibers is porous, which is useful feature for sound absorption. These types of materials (natural) are less ecofriendly and ecofriendly. This study deal with the effect of using natural composite material as sound insulation, many types of natural materials with fiber glass had been used in this study, i.e. cotton, wool, fronds and vegetarian fibers with different thicknesses. The study consist of built attest rig to measure the different frequencies and sound waves experimentally to calculate the transmission losses and coefficient of transmission losses that are dialing from function generator use sound pressure level. The best results of transmission losses recorded for the composite materials (Polyester +Random + wool) and (polyester + fiber glass + cotton) in three thickness 6mm, 8mm and 10mm. From other side, the best results of absorption of noise at different frequencies recorded for (polyester + fiber glass + cotton) and (Epoxy + fiber glass + plan fronds) in three thicknesses.
Hydrodynamics Simulation for Air Flow Past Over an SD 2030 Airfoil Using Two Dimensional Model
Authors: Hamzah Dhafer A , Hamza Naseer H , Al-Dawody Mohamed F , Al-Farhany Khaled 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the old new present work cares with change of Reynolds number effect on the hydrodynamic characteristics. The different pitch angle is taken to analysis drag, lift, and pressure coefficients. The goal of these parameters is to understand the nature of the flow over the upper surface of the airfoil since the long laminar boundary layer and transition region have a light point for aerodynamics performance assessment. The results indicated that indicated the improvement in performance is parallel in path with the increasing length of the laminar flow region.
An Experimental and Theoretical Study of Forced Convection from a Peltier Thermo-electric Cooling
Authors: Idan Al-Chlaihawi Kadhim K. , Al-Saadi Ahmed , Jabbar Nasr A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
An experimental and theoretical study for heat transfer through thermoelectric cooling system in this paper was presented. An experimental work was conducted to evaluate the performance of a thermoelectric module fitted to a sun flower heat sink with a similar sized heat source. The experimental investigation was done to evaluate the effect of TE input voltage, flow rates of cooling air and heat source (heating element) power input on the performance of a thermoelectric cooling system. Four low heating load (1.7, 2.4, 3.6 and 5 W) were used and hot side was fitted to a sunflower heat sink with forced convection. Experimental results show that the increasing of cooling air flow rates improves system performance, while increasing in applied TE voltage leads to deterioration it. The COPmax obtained is about 4.7 at 2V TE voltages and 5W heating load, and then decreased sharply as voltage further increased and reaches 0.13 at 12V. The results of the current study show that all Thermo-electric Cooling system recorded temperatures increase with increasing in heating load at a constant TE voltage and air flow rate. In addition to that the Tc
decreases and Th
increases with the increment of input voltage and that can lead to increase of the air temperature passing over heat sink. TE performance is highly affected by air flow rate. The theoretical result validated experimentally and shows an acceptable agreement between them.