bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal changes in EEG power, sleep cycles and behaviour in a tau model of neurodegeneration.
Authors: Holton Christopher , Hanley Nicola , Shanks Elaine , Oxley Penny , McCarthy Andrew , Eastwood Brian J. , Murray Tracey K. , Nickerson Aidan , Wafford Keith A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Disturbed sleep is associated with cognitive decline in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The progressive sequence of how neurodegeneration affects aspects of sleep architecture in conjunction with behavioural changes is not well understood. METHODS: We investigated changes in sleep architecture, spectral power and circadian rhythmicity in the tet-off rTg4510 mouse overexpressing human P301L tau within the same subjects over time. Doxycycline-induced transgene-suppressed rTg4510 mice, tTa carriers and wild-type mice were used as comparators. Spectral power and sleep stages were measured from within the home cage environment using EEG electrodes. In addition, locomotor activity and performance during a T-maze task were measured. RESULTS: Spectral power in the delta and theta band showed a time-dependent decrease in rTg4510 mice compared to all other groups. After the initial changes in spectral power, wake during the dark period increased whereas NREM and number of REM sleep bouts decreased in rTg4510 compared to wild-type mice. Home cage locomotor activity in the dark phase significantly increased in rTg4510 compared to wild-type mice by 40 weeks of age. Peak-to-peak circadian rhythm amplitude and performance in the T-maze was impaired throughout the experiment independent of time. At 46 weeks rTG4510 mice had significant degeneration in the hippocampus and cortex whereas doxycycline treated rTG4510 mice were protected. Pathology significantly correlated with sleep and EEG outcomes, in addition to locomotor and cognitive measures. CONCLUSIONS: We show that reduced EEG spectral power precedes reductions in sleep and home-cage locomotor activity in a mouse model of tauopathy. The data shows increasing mutant tau changes sleep architecture, EEG properties, behaviour and cognition; which suggest tau related effects on sleep architecture in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
Efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for sepsis: A meta-analysis of preclinical studies
Authors: sun xueyi , ding xianfei , liang huoyan , zhang xiaojuan , liu shaohua , han bing , duan xiaoguang , sun tongwen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Multiple studies have reported that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has beneficial effects in experimental models of sepsis. However, this finding remains inconclusive. This study was performed to systematically determine the connection between MSC therapy and mortality in sepsis animal models by pooling and analyzing data from newly published studies. Methods: A detailed search of related studies from 2009 to 2019 was conducted in four databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. After browsing and filtering out articles that met the inclusion criteria for statistical analysis, the inverse variance method of the fixed effects model was used to calculate the pooled odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Twenty-nine animal studies, including 1,266 animals, were identified. None of the studies were judged to have a low risk of bias. The meta-analysis demonstrated that MSC therapy was related to a significantly lower mortality rate (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.22–0.38, P <0.001). Subgroup analyses performed based on the MSC injection dose (<1.0 × 10 6 cells, OR=0.33, 95% CI 0.20–0.56, P <0.001; 1.0 × 10 6 cells, OR=0.24, 95% CI 0.16–0.35, P <0.001) and injection time (<1 hour, OR=0.24, 95% CI 0.13–0.45, P <0.001; 1 hour, OR=0.28, 95% CI 0.17–0.46, P <0.001) demonstrated that treatment with MSCs significantly reduced the mortality rate of animals with sepsis. Conclusion: This up-to-date meta-analysis showed a connection between MSC therapy and lower mortality in sepsis animal models, supporting the potential therapeutic effect of MSC treatment in future clinical trials. The results in this study contradict a previous meta-analysis with regards to the ideal dose of MSC therapy. Thus, further research is required to support these findings.
Microbial succession during the transition from active to inactive stages of deep-sea hydrothermal vent sulfide chimneys
Authors: Hou Jialin , Sievert Stefan M. , Wang Yinzhao , Seewald Jeff S. , Natarajan Vengadesh Perumal , Wang Fengping , Xiao Xiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are highly productive biodiversity hotspots in the deep ocean supported by chemosynthetic microorganisms. Prominent features of these systems are sulfide chimneys emanating high temperature hydrothermal fluids. While several studies have investigated the microbial diversity in both active and inactive sulfide chimneys that have been extinct for up to thousands of years, little is known about chimneys that have ceased activity more recently, as well as the microbial succession occurring during the transition from active to inactive chimneys. Results: Genome-resolved metagenomics was applied to an active and a recently extinct (~7 years) sulfide chimney from the 9°-10°N hydrothermal vent field on the East Pacific Rise. Full-length 16S rRNA gene and a total of 173 high quality metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) were retrieved for comparative analysis. In the active chimney (L-vent), sulfide- and/or hydrogen-oxidizing Campylobacteria and Aquificae with the potential for denitrification were identified as the dominant community members and primary producers, fixing carbon through the reductive tricarboxylic acid (rTCA) cycle. In contrast, the microbiome of the recently extinct chimney (M-vent) was largely composed of heterotrophs from various bacterial phyla, including Delta -/ Beta -/ Alphaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes . Gammaproteobacteria were identified as the main primary producers, using the oxidation of metal sulfides and/or iron oxidation coupled to nitrate reduction to fix carbon through the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle. Further analysis revealed a phylogenetically distinct Nitrospirae cluster that has the potential to oxidize sulfide minerals coupled to oxygen and/or nitrite reduction, as well as for sulfate reduction, and that might serve as an indicator for the early stages of chimneys after venting has ceased. Conclusions: This study sheds light on the composition, metabolic functions, and succession of microbial communities inhabiting deep-sea hydrothermal vent sulfide chimneys. Collectively, microbial succession during the life span of a chimney could be described to proceed from a “fluid-shaped” microbial community in newly formed and actively venting chimneys supported by the oxidation of reductants in the hydrothermal fluid to a “mineral-shaped” community supported by the oxidation of minerals after hydrothermal activity has ceased. Remarkably, the transition appears to occur within the first few years, after which the communities stay stable for thousands of years.
High-flow nasal cannula versus standard oxygen therapy assisting sedation during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in high risk cases (OTHER): study protocol of a randomised multicentric trial
Authors: Thiruvenkatarajan Venkatesan , Dharmalingam Ashok , Arenas Gilberto , Wahba Medhat , Steiner Reinhard , Kadam Vasanth Rao , Tran Andre , Currie John , Wijk Roelof Van , Quail Anthony , Ludbrook Guy 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an increasingly common intervention in the treatment of pancreatico-biliary disorders. Patients are often elderly with complex co-morbidities. While monitored anaesthesia care with sedation is commonly used for most cases, few would require general anaesthesia with an endotracheal tube. Both low flow and high flow nasal cannulas (HFNC) are established ways of delivering supplemental oxygen, but it is unclear whether one technique is better than the other. HFNC seems a promising tool for advanced procedures but evidence to support its application in high-risk ERCP cases is limited. The rate of oxygen desaturation during endoscopy has been reported to be as high as 11-50%, and the method of oxygen delivery for ERCP merits further study. Methods/design This is a prospective, randomised, multi-centre trial comparing the efficacy of oxygen supplementation through high flow nasal cannula versus low flow nasal cannula during ERCP, in a cohort of patients at risk of adverse respiratory events. A total of 132 patients will be recruited across three sites and randomly assigned to either the low flow or the HFNC group. The primary outcome is the proportion of patients experiencing hypoxia, defined by any event of SpO2 <90%. The secondary outcomes include parameters centred on oxygenation, requirement of airway manoeuvres, successful completion of procedure, perioperative complications, patient satisfaction, and cost analysis of the consumables. An intention-to-treat principle will be applied while analysing. Discussion The demand for ERCPs is likely to increase in the future with the aging population. Our study results may lead to improved outcomes and reduce airway related complications in patients undergoing ERCPs. The results will be presented at national and international meetings and published in per-reviewed journals.
The effect of graded activity and pain education (GAPE) - an early post-surgical rehabilitation programme after lumbar spinal fusion: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tegner Heidi , Esbensen Bente Appel , Henriksen Marius , Bech-Azeddine Rachid , Lundberg Mari , Nielsen Louise , Rolving Nanna 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPatients with chronic low back pain undergoing lumbar spinal fusion (LSF) are physically inactive and thereby at risk of poor health. Barriers to being physically active need to be acknowledged in post-surgical rehabilitation. The primary objective of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to examine the effect of an early active intervention consisting of graded activity and pain education (GAPE) on sedentary behaviour in a population of patients undergoing LSF. The secondary objectives are to examine the effect of GAPE on, respectively, disability, pain, fear of movement, self-efficacy for exercise and health-related quality of life.MethodsThe study is an RCT planned to include 144 patients undergoing LSF at 1-2 levels for low back pain caused by degeneration of the lumbar spine. The patients will be randomly assigned to receive either usual care or usual care plus GAPE. GAPE consists of nine individual physiotherapist-guided sessions over a 10-week period. The overall purpose is to reduce sedentary behaviour, by educating the patient about pain and, based on a cognitive behavioural perspective, gradually strengthen the patient’s self-efficacy to be physically active and reduce fear of movement. The physiotherapist will plan the intervention in collaboration with the patient. Based on a semi-structured interview and observations of the patient in their home, they will set individually functional goals. The primary outcome will be reduction in sedentary behaviour, measured by an accelerometer at baseline (pre-surgery), and at three and 12 months post-surgery. Secondary outcomes will include disability, pain, fear of movement, self-efficacy for exercise, and quality of life. Secondary outcome data will be collected at baseline (pre-surgery), and at three, six, and 12 months post-surgery. DiscussionWe hypothesize that, compared with the “usual care group”, GAPE will primarily lead to a significantly reduction in sedentary behaviour, and secondarily a reduction in disability, pain intensity, and fear of movement; further, it will increase the patient’s self-efficacy for exercise and quality of life. Trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04103970), 24 September 2019
Therapeutic effect of combined acupuncture and moxibustion for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bo Huajun , Peng Jisheng , Zhuang Minzhi , Qiu Wenchao , Yu Qianqian , Yao Quanbao , Liang Huazheng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Combined acupuncture and moxibustion have shown benefits for a variety of illnesses. However, few studies have reported the therapeutic effect of this combined therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Here, we report the study protocol of a randomized controlled clinical trial investigating the therapeutic effect of this combined therapy by comparing with the effect of conventional medical treatments.
Methods

A single-center, two-arm designed, randomized controlled clinical trial will commence in Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, China. Two hundred participants with moderate to severe benign prostatic hyperplasia will be recruited and assigned to the combined therapy group and the conventional western medicine group in a ratio of 1:1. They will be treated for 18 weeks and assessed after 8- and 18-weeks treatment. The primary outcome is the International prostate symptom score (IPSS), the Aging Male Symptoms score (AMS); secondary outcomes include constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ), post-voiding residual urine volume, maximum flow rate (Qmax) and average flow rate (Qave), voided volume (VV), voiding time and time to maximum flow, the change of urgency/24 h, the change of voiding frequency/24 h, the change of nocturnal frequency/24 h, the change of urge urinary incontinence frequency/24 h.
Discussion

The result of this trial will confirm whether combined acupuncture and moxibustion is effective in managing benign prostatic hyperplasia as well as the superiority of inferiority of this therapy to conventional medical treatments.
Trial registration:

chictr.org.cn, ID: ChiCTR2000030504/ChiMCTR2000003082.
Seasonal and Temporal Assessment of Surface Water Quality in Saguling Reservoir Indonesia Using Water Quality Index
Authors: Marselina Mariana , Sabar Arwin , Fahimah Nurul 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Developments in agriculture, industry, and urban activities have caused deterioration of water resources such as rivers and reservoirs in terms of quality and also quantity. This includes the Saguling Reservoir, which is located in Citarum basin, Indonesia. A review of previous studies reveals that Water Quality Index (WQI) is efficient for the identification of pollution sources as well as for the understanding of temporal and spatial variations in reservoir water quality. The NSFWQI (The National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index) is one of the calculation methods of WQI. NSFWQI is commonly used as an indicator of surface water quality is based on Nitrate, Phosphate, Turbidity, Temperature, Fecal coliform, pH, DO, TSS, and BOD parameters. The average index of NSFWQI was determined to be 48.42 during the dry season, 43.97 during the normal season, and 45.82 during the wet season. A calculation of the WQI classified the water quality in the Saguling Reservoir as “bad” in condition. This study reveals that the strongest and most significant correlation between the concentration parameters and the WQI score is the turbidity concentration fecal coli, which is used to determine the required parameters for the calculation of WQI with reduced parameters if needed. This research also conducted nitrate concentration distribution analysis around Saguling Reservoir using the Inverse Distance Weighted method.
Impact of prematurity and the CTG repeat length on outcomes in congenital myotonic dystrophy
Authors: Saito Yu , Matsumura Kenta , Kageyama Misao , Kato Yuichi , Ohta Eiji , Sumi Kiyoaki , Futatani Takeshi , Yoshida Taketoshi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective: Patients with congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM) tend to be born preterm. Although the CDM severity generally depends on the CTG repeat length, prematurity may also affect the prognosis in patients with CDM. Given that preterm birth is expected to increase the risk of CDM in newborns, we investigated the outcomes of newborns with CDM according to gestational age to assess prematurity and the CTG repeat length for predicting prognosis. Results: We assessed the outcomes of 54 infants with CDM using data collected from our hospitals and previously published studies. The patients were divided into mild and severe groups based on clinical outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for CDM prognosis according to gestational age and the CTG repeat length and to construct a predictive model. Logistic regression analysis showed both the CTG repeat and gestational age were significantly associated with severe outcomes in patients with CDM (OR:150.24, 95% CI: 5.97–3778.14; p = .0023 and OR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.58–0.93; p = .0094, respectively). This predictive model for CDM prognosis exhibited good sensitivity (63%) and specificity (86%). Both prematurity and the CTG repeat length were significantly associated with the CDM severity.
A novel prognostic predictor for clear cell renal cell carcinoma constructed by weighted gene co-expression correlation network analysis
Authors: Li Feng , Jin Yi , Guo Peng , Wang Zhiyu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) accounts the largest proportion of all types of renal tumor, it is highly invasive leading to shorter survival time of patients suffer from tumor. This study aims at constructing a new prognostic signature to provide a new reference for clinic work to adjust treatment protocols.
Material and Methods

Comprehensive gene expression profiles of ccRCC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), a genome-wide profiling analysis, was applied to investigate key genes associated with clinical traits. Cox regression analysis was conducted to screen prognostic gene in ccRCC. LASSO analysis was used to enhance the robust of correlated genes. Then, a prognostic signature was developed as an independent factor to predict outcomes of ccRCC patients.
Results

The co-expression network was constructed by WGCNA, 26 modules were identified in total, including a module (grey) showed no significance. By associating the features with clinic features, we selected three modules (pink, purple and turquoise) significantly associated with the overall survival(OS) of ccRCC patients. Univariate Cox analysis for genes from each module separately and then we used LASSO regression to screen the significant genes for selecting potential prognosis element-genes. 8 genes (CAPRIN2, IFI44, LTV1, ZNF320, MTHFR, XPOT, BCL3 and PAX2) finally reserved by multivariate COX regression. ScoreW was defined as a prognosis modelestablished by the final potential prognosis 8 genes. Multivariate regression suggested the ScoreW was an independent prognosis predicting element. ROC curve method was performed and the AUC value of ScoreW showed satisfied and attractive clinical prognosis importance.
Conclusion

Our findings provided the framework of co-expression gene modules of ccRCC and identified valuable prognostic method might be detection for ccRCC patients.
Biogenic Synthesis of Silver Chloride Nanoparticles from Padina gymnospora and their Evaluation of Antimicrobial, Larvicidal, Hemolytic and Anticancer Activities.
Authors: Rajagopal Gopalan , Manivannan Nandhagopal , Mahalingam Sundararajan , Anand Krishnan , Senthilkumar Samuthirarajan , Mathivanan Narayanasamy , Katari Naresh Kumar , Mashele Samson Sitheni , Saravanan Muthupandian , Ilango Sakkanan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In the current study, silver chloride nanoparticles (AgClNPs) have been synthesized using the aqueous extract of Padina gymnospora and further characterized by Uv-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy and Atomic force microscopy. The synthesized silver chloride nanoparticles were found to be mono-dispersed and spherical with an average size between 11.5 to 32.86 nm. The particles also showed a cytotoxic effect in a dose-dependent manner against MCF 7 cells (IC50 = 31.37 µg/mL). Besides, it showed the larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti at a lower dose (3.92 µg/ml) than that of the aqueous extract (13.01 µg/ml). It also exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens. The synthesized silver chloride nanoparticles showed the best minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 8 mg/L in Canadian Albicans, followed by vancomycin resistance Enterococcus feacasli (VREF) 32 mg/L. Furthermore, the toxicity assessment by haemolytic assay revealed that AgClNPs could be safe and also used for further investigation. Therefore, the synthesized silver chloride nanoparticles may be used as a therapeutic agent for breast cancer, antimicrobial agent and also to control the dengue vector as attributed to the presence of bioactive components.
Accuracy of predictive equations for evaluation of resting energy expenditure in Brazilian patients with type 2 diabetes.
Authors: Grassi Thaiciane , Boeno Francesco Pinto , Freitas Mauren Minuzzo de , Paula Tatiana Pedroso de , Viana Luciana Vercoza , Oliveira Alvaro Reischak de , Steemburgo Thais 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Evaluation of the resting energy expenditure (REE) is essential to ensure an appropriate dietary prescription for patients with type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of predictive equations for REE estimation in patients with type 2 diabetes, considering indirect calorimetry (IC) as the reference method.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 62 patients (31 men and 31 women) with type 2 diabetes. Clinical and laboratory variables were evaluated, as well as body composition by electrical bioimpedance. The REE was measured by IC (QUARK RMR, Cosmed, Rome, Italy) and estimated by predictive equations. Data were analyzed using Bland–Altman plots, paired t-tests, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients.Results Patients in the sample had a mean age of 63.1 ± 5.2 years, median diabetes duration of 11 (1–36) years, and mean A1C of 7.6 ± 1.2%. Body composition analysis revealed a mean fat free mass of 35.2 ± 11.8 kg and fat mass of 29.1 ± 8.8 kg. There was wide variation in the accuracy of REE values predicted by equations when compared to those measured by IC. For women, the FAO/WHO/UNO equation provided the best REE prediction in comparison to measured REE (-1.8% difference). For men, the Oxford equation yielded values closest to those measured by IC (-1.3% difference).Conclusions In this sample of the patients with type 2 diabetes, the best predictive equations to estimate REE were FAO/WHO/UNO and Oxford for women and men, respectively.