bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Notification of sexually transmitted infections: the tip of the iceberg?
Authors: Duarte S , Abreu Gomes F , Lopes D , Bragança Pereira M , Moreira A , Cunha I , Machado Gil M , Sousa Pinto C 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health problem in Europe and in Portugal, their incidence has been increasing since the 90s. Although STIs are among the most frequently reported infections globally, they still go often underdiagnosed. Their under notification is also a problem in Portugal. The aim of this study is to describe STIs' notifications in the area of the groups of primary healthcare centers of Loures-Odivelas (ACES LO), between 2015-2019.

Methods
An observational, descriptive, quantitative study was performed. Data was collected in January 2020, from the National System of Epidemiological Surveillance Database. Variables included for each STIs notification were age and sex. Univariate descriptive analysis and evolution trends were performed for each variable.

Results
A total of 638 cases of STIs were reported from 2015 to 2019. The number of reported cases increased from 87 to 197 cases (126.4%). The annual mean incidence of HBV and HCV notifications were 8 and 4, respectively. There was an increase in reported cases of syphilis (33 to 57), HIV (13 to 29), chlamydia (13 to 46) and gonorrhea (18 to 51). In 2019, 30.9% of the notified cases were syphilis infections, 23.5% gonorrhea infections, 22.1% chlamydia infections and 13.2% HIV infections.Males comprised 460 cases (72.1%), and, in patients aged between 15 and 44 years old, 484 cases (75.9%) were reported. From 2015 to 2019, the co-infections of gonorrhea and chlamydia increased from 2 to 10 cases (25.0%). In 2019, 17.5% of the notified cases of gonorrhea were co-infections.

Conclusions
The modification of risk behaviors and the appropriate treatment of infected people, including infected partners, are determinant to prevent recurrent infections and to interrupt the transmission cycle. Increasing notification should facilitate the monitoring of STIs' trends, contributing to the implementation of appropriate interventions and for better decision-making in public health.

Key messages
Campaigns about sexual health promotion are important to increase safer sexual health practices. More notifications contribute to better data quality and more robust decision-making.
Determinants in the intention to use PrEP and PEP in University students
Authors: Jiménez Triana A , Hernández Blanco K , Caporal Taffoya C , Romero Montero C , Márquez Celedonio F G , Villegas Dominguez J E 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Veracruz, Mexico, was ranked as the second national place on HIV/AIDS incidence during 2019, with 28.5% corresponding to people between 15 and 24 years old. Post-Exposure Prohylaxis (PEP) is currently available in Mexico, whereas Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) hasn't been introduced as an actual alternative for mexican population. Research question: What are the determining factors in the intent to use PrEP and PEP in university students in a city with high risk of infection for HIV/AIDS?

Methods
An observational, prospective, cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted in Veracruz, Mexico between June and December 2019. University students in the cities of Veracruz and Boca del Río were included, selecting participants through non-probabilistic sampling. HIV/AIDS-65 test was applied to assess attitudes, self-efficacy and susceptibility. Awareness of the existence of PrEP and PEP, along with the willingness to use them, were assessed by a questionnaire formulated by the authors. The surveys were conducted through Google Forms®. The results were collected and analyzed with the SPSS Statistic® program.

Results
565 students were included, of which 19.8% were aware of the existence of PrEP and 13.4% were aware of the existence of PEP. 20.3% would be willing to take the PrEP and 22.3% were willing to take the PEP in case of having risky sexual encounters. Willingness to use the PrEP if required, showed different susceptibility (47.7 ± 1.8 vs. 44.4 ± 20) among those who responded positively. Levels of knowledge, attitude, susceptibility and self-efficacy had no differences among those who accepted to use PEP and those who didn't (p &gt; 0.05). The accordance between those who were aware of the existence of PrEP and their intention to use it had a Kappa of 0.17, while the one for using PEP was 0.13.

Conclusions
Better interventions are needed to improve awareness among university students to use PrEP and PEP since the high risk of HIV-transmission in Veracruz.

Key messages
We consider convenient to propose a reproductive health module to promote HIV-focused health in university students. We must carry out a program to promote the use of PrEP and PEP if required.
Case management of preterm deliveries: Birth-registry based study
Authors: Baghaturia D , Kereselidze M , Skhvitaridze N , Lobjanidze T 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Modern studies are possible to determine the degree of newborn's prematurity. Evidence based data from 65 countries show the increasing trend of preterm births over the past 20 years. Numbers from the National Center for Disease Control and Public Health of Georgia indicate that of 51 183 infants born in 2018, 7 071 (14%) were delivered between 34 to 37 gestational weeks. The aim of this study was to determine the similarities and differences between preterm newborns delivered at 34-37 gestational weeks according the selected variables.
This is the quantitative, retrospective study. Data source was the Georgian birth registry for the year 2018. Variables, as gestational age, mode of delivery, newborn weight, Apgar score, newborn diagnoses according the ICD-10, length of stay in maternity home, and others were used for descriptive statistics.
In 2018, for preterm deliveries at 34-37 gestational weeks, 53.7% of newborns were delivered by cesarean section and 46.3% physiologically. Despite the similar characteristics, majority of cases had different length of stay at maternity homes, with variation from four to 66 days. The big concern was the quality of target variables - in 30% of cases occurred missing information. Inconsistent occurred in cross-checking of variables - newborns stay at hospital over the recommended data was not justified by provided diagnosis.
The results show the big variance between the preterm newborns with the similar characteristics, delivered at 34-37 gestational weeks in Georgia, mainly for the length of stay. Study reveal necessity to provide awareness rising activities among medical personnel to provide reliable, timely and validated data. The major recommendation is to advice Georgian health sector representatives to develop a mechanism for monitoring and ensuring the measures to evaluate the quality of data, uploaded in the birth registry.

Key messages
Reliable, consistent and validated data are contributing to the rationalization of the healthcare associated resources and controlling costs. Ongoing monitoring of quality in Georgian birth registry should be top priority of responsible authorities.
Characteristics of smoking behavior in adolescents, Sousse, Tunisia
Authors: Ghali H , Khefacha S , Ben Cheikh A , Bhiri S , Tourki Dhidah M , Dhidah L , Ben Rejeb M , Said Latiri H 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background and aims
Adolescence is a period of physical, psychological and socio-cultural transformation, but also of curiosity, experimentation and acquisition. It is mainly during adolescence that people are introduced to the use of legitimate psychoactive substances, such as alcohol and tobacco, as well as illicit substances such as cannabis. We aimed to determine the prevalence of smoking among high school students in the region of Sousse and to specify its characteristics.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study in two public schools in the governorate of Sousse during the 2017/2018 school year. The data were collected by anonymous self-administered questionnaire, then processed and analyzed using the SPSS software version 20.

Results
A total of 294 students were included. The sex ratio was 0.78 with mean age of 17.03 years (standard deviation = 1.51). Results showed that 27.6% of students reported having already tasted tobacco. Among them, 61.8% of their parents did not know they were smoking. 17.28% started before the age of 14. Only 26% of them tried to stop but failed. Boys smoked twice as much as girls (p = 0.001). In addition, 63% of young smokers used chicha, 48.1% drank alcohol, and 35.8% used cannabis at least once.

Conclusions
The prevalence of smoking among these adolescents is worrying. Knowledge of related factors is important for program planning to prevent the tobacco epidemic in schools.

Key messages
Adolescence is the age of initiation for addictive substance use specially, Tobacco use. Knowledge of related factors is important for prevention program planning.
A study on the educational significance of special needs education in basis PHN education - 1st report
Authors: Hirokane K , Inamoto M , Takata E , Okamoto R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
For public health nurses to support school-aged children with disabilities who live in the community, it is necessary to understand the mechanism of special needs education and learn the inter-professional collaboration that takes place in it. A survey was conducted on school teachers supporting school-aged children with special needs, and the perception of educational significance in basic PHN education and its related factors were examined.

Methods
In December 2019, a survey questionnaire was sent to all 1,052 special needs schools in Japan. Of the 350 respondents, 330 valid replies were analyzed. Regarding the significance of providing special needs education in basic PHN education, we asked for answers on a four-point scale from “strongly agree” to “strongly disagree” and scored 4 to 1 points. Then, unpaired t-tests were performed between every two groups of “school-targeted type of disabilities,” “respondent's position,” and “respondent's perception/experience.” In addition, Pearson's correlation coefficient test was performed on the relationship with the years of teacher experience in special needs schools.

Results
Perception of the significance of providing education was as follows: “school-targeted type of disabilities” refers to school groups with hearing impairments (p &lt; 0.05), “respondent's position” groups are special needs education coordinators (p &lt; 0.05), “respondent's perception/experience” was significantly higher in the group with a high cognition of PHN work (p &lt; 0.05) and in the group with experience of cooperating with PHN (p &lt; 0.001). However, there was no significant correlation with the years of teacher experience in special needs schools.

Conclusions
There was a high perception of the significance of providing education in school groups with hearing impairment and groups with actual coordination experience, especially where early detection and care were particularly required, regardless of years of teacher experience.

Key messages
Special needs education should be included in basic PHN education to promote inter-professional collaboration for improving QOL of school-age children with disabilities living in communities. To foster the foundation for promoting special needs education in basic PHN education, in-service PHNs need to work closely with schools to meet their expectations for PHNs.
Healthy babies healthy futures - a collaborative approach
Authors: Rishi V 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Maternal and child obesity is a complex issue as it is influenced by a range of health, as well as non-health determinants, and requires a holistic, multifaceted approach if we are to make a significant difference.
A culturally appropriate health promotion intervention named Healthy Babies Healthy Futures (HBHF) was developed in 2014 to serve multi-ethnic communities focusing on Maternal Infant Nutrition & Physical Activity. Today HBHF has entered its 6th year delivering its services to the Maori, Pasifika, South-Asian and East-Asian communities. Cultural appropriateness and collaboration are the two pillars of HBHF; Culturally appropriate Community Learning Programme (CLP) - Six healthy lifestyle modules.Collaboration between The Ministry of Health, Two District Health Boards, the Roopu Kaitiaki (governance group), The Technical Advisory Group (TAG) and NGOs.
This presentation will focus on these two pillars and share the; highlights we experiencedchallenges we encounteredopportunities we gained
We cannot overrule the importance of inter and intra-sectoral partnerships that has made this initiative a great success. Of course, designing culturally appropriate intervention & activities for four ethnic groups was a big challenge. This presentation will talk through some of these challenges and learning from the same, including its unique funding model.
Collaboration is when we are all working towards progress. This is made easier when we share the same vision, agree to the same values and strive for the same outcomes. This is demonstrated by how we share the limited resources, how we treat each other and how we serve four multi-ethnic communities.

Key messages
Cultural appropriateness and collaboration are the two pillars of health promotion. Inter and intra-sectoral collaborations is the key to success.
Congenital Anomalies and assisted conception in the Population-based registry from a Spanish Region
Authors: Cavero Carbonell C , Barrachina-Bonet L , García-Villodre L , Moreno-Marro S , Páramo-Rodríguez L , Guardiola-Vilarroig S , Zurriaga O 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
The Congenital Anomalies (CA) population-based Registry of Valencian Region (RPAC-CV) has identified 12917 cases during 2007-2017, confirmed by clinical documentation. The Spanish Fertility Society (SEF) has identified a CA's prevalence per 10000 live births (LB) from assisted conception of 305.2 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 296.1-314.2 from 2013 to 2017.

Objective
to identify differences in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics between cases with CA according to the type of conception: natural (N) or assisted (A). To determine the CA's prevalence of LB in the RPAC-CV.

Methods
RPAC-CV cases since 2007 until 2017 were classified in N or A conception, and their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were compared. Cases with no information about type of conception were excluded. The prevalence per 10000 LB with CI 95% in the RPAC-CV between 2013-2017 was calculated.

Results
Conception's information was available in 58.3% of the cases (90.4% N, 9.6% A). Differences were found in the following variables (values are shown by %N/%A) multiple pregnancy (6.5%/47.9%); birth before the 37th gestational week (24.5%/56.8%); weight at birth less than 2500 grams (24.6%/55.2%); dead before one week of age (4.4%/7.9%); mother older than 35 years (31.3%/64.2%). Statistically significant differences were found in the Nervous System CA group, being a higher proportion in A conception cases (12.5% (CI95%:9.8-15.2)) than in N (7.6% (CI95%:6.9-8.3)). The CA prevalence per 10000 LB in RPAC-CV was 194.1 (CI95%:188.3-199.9).

Conclusions
The CA's prevalence in the RPAC-CV was significantly lower compared to SEF's. Partially could be due to SEF includes minor CA and RPAC-CV not, although differences are overly high. Encourage the collection of the conception information in the clinical documentation will increase data quality in cases from assisted conception and allow having interesting information available for the development of health policies and research.

Key messages
CA’s prevalence, identified in a population-based registry from a Spanish region, was significantly lower than the one identified in assisted conception cases at national level for the same period. Analysing natural versus assisted conception, significant differences in cases’ characteristics have been identified in a CA’s population-based registry in Spain.
Evaluation of risk for pregnancy adverse outcomes in Baixada Santista – São Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: Braga A L F , Baldini C E S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Brazil has the fifth biggest territory in the world, and the eighth economy. In the Brazilian Health System, universal health coverage has been the target to be pursuit. However, there are many obstacles to assured this right to the entire population. Even in São Paulo, the state with the biggest part of Brazilian GDP, there are regions with serious economic problems impacting negatively health coverage, education programs and urban infrastructure. The metropolitan region of Baixada Santista includes nine cities with different socioeconomic status and a well-known history of environmental contamination. These environmental and economic stressors are risk factors that can impact pregnants and their offspring. In 2018 the infant mortality in the region was 14.02 for each one thousand newborns while in the São Paulo State it was 10.7 and in Brazil 12.4. The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors associated to adverse pregnancy outcomes in the Metropolitan Region of Baixada Santista.

Methods
We adopted a crossectional design using data from the Born Alive Information System (Brazilian Health Ministry) from 2006 to 2016. Low birth weight, malformation, low Apgar score and prematurity were assumed as dependent variables in specific single e multiple logistic regression models.

Results
Besides the effects of risk factors already seeing in other investigations on adverse pregnancy outcomes, as maternal age and years of study, we found prematurity associated with living in Guarujá (OR = 1,37; 95% CI 1,25 - 1,51) and inadequacy of pre-natal (OR 2,9; 95% CI 2,74 - 3,11). Also, low birth weight was associated with living in Cubatão (OR 1,88; 95% CI1,67 - 2,12) or São Vicente (OR 1,80; 95% CI 1,62 - 2,01), and inadequacy of pre-natal (OR 2,96; 95% CI 2,62 - 3,24).

Conclusions
Differences on primary health care structure and medical coverage, by city, may contribute to increase the risk of pregnancy adverse outcomes.

Key messages
Improvements have to be implemented in municipal health structure to minimize the risk of pregnancy adverse outcomes. Preventing evitable factors for adverse birth outcomes costs less than treating the consequences of a them.
Children-menus in restaurants of Portuguese, Hungarian and Croatian shopping centres: A qualitative study
Authors: Lima J P M , Viegas C , Afonso C , Tóth A , Illés C B , Bittsánszky A , Šatalić Z , Filipec S V , Fabijanić V , Rocha A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Families to eat out frequently use shopping centres and, there is evidence that children's menus are poor nutritional quality. Obesity rates have increased all over the world, and it has been associated to the observed out of home food consumption. This study aimed to characterise children's menus in shopping center restaurants in Portugal, Hungary and Croatia, as a preliminary study to further develop strategies to intervene.

Methods
An observational cross-sectional study was carried out in shopping centres in Portugal, Hungary and Croatia. Only the ones providing a children's menu were selected. Data collection tool was developed by the research team, consisting of a three-section form to identify and characterise the restaurant and analyses the quality of children's menu.

Results
Researcher visited 295 restaurants, from which only 69 provided a children's menu. From these 12 restaurants offered gifts associated with it. The most frequently featured items on the menu were hamburgers (22%), grilled or fried chicken (19%), nuggets (17%) and pizza (12%). Potato chips were the most frequent side dish option (33%). Only 11 restaurants offered vegetable soup or vegetables. Although water was available, a variety of soft drinks and sugary fruit juices were also options. Sweet dessert is a common part of the menu. Nutritional information is present in only 13% of the menus. Menu prices do not differ much, Portugal having the higher average (x ̅ = €5.35±1.45). Hungary had the lower average (x ̅ = €4.30±1.50) and Croatia the lowest range (min=€3.00, max=€7.40).

Conclusions
Children's menu options have poor quality. Shifting foods offered to children in restaurants has the potential to improve diet quality, reduce excess energy intake and promote healthy eating habits.

Key messages
European strategies are needed to promote children healthy food environment. Following aim is to develop and test balanced menus for children among food chains.
QUIGK-K: An instrument for measurinng health literacy in children
Authors: Teufl L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Childhood is characterized by a wide array of cognitive and social-emotional developments, which facilitate the overall learning capacities. Therefore, children should be seen as a target group for programs and interventions concerning health literacy. An appropriate measurement tool for taping children's health literacy is still needed since the quality of the current tools does not reach satisfying levels and/or these tools can only be applied in clinical settings. This study aimed to develop an age-appropriate measurement tool to fill this gap.

Methods
The authors used four cognitive processes (access, understand, appraise and apply) and five topics (physical activity, nutrition, media, psycho-social health, and health care) to develop the items. These items were then discussed with primary school teachers and health intervention experts. Developmental characteristics of the middle childhood guided and shaped the decisions on the test and item formats. During the pilot testing, 155 pupils aged 8 to 10 years fillet out the 60 items of the piloting-version of the QUIGK-K.

Results
After the pilot testing, a reduction to 40 items based on the data was made. The final QUIGK-K shows (very) good quality with regards to reliability and validity.

Conclusions
The application of the QUIGK-K takes 40 minutes and can be conducted in a group context. The test yields five scores representing the overall level of health literacy and detailed information on the four cognitive processes involved. Therefore, the QUIGK-K fills in the gap of the missing age-appropriate measurement tool for health literacy.

Key messages
An age-appropriate measurement tool for health literacy is now available for children aged 8-10 years which allows profile analyses via five test scores. The (very) satisfying test quality may be attributed to the design as a performance test and the active integration of the developmental characteristics of the target group.