bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract PO-199: Trends in stage at diagnosis for lung cancer in the U.S., 2009-2016
Authors: Offor Paris , Obrochta Chelsea , Schumacher Ben , Thompson Caroline 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. In 2013, the U.S Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) began recommending lung cancer screening for current and past smokers with at least 30 pack-years of smoking history. Evidence shows that with compliance, lung cancer screening may lower lung cancer-related deaths, but attendance may not be consistent across smokers from different races or geography. One way to determine if screening proved to be effective is by a shift towards earlier stages of diagnosis at the population level. In this study, we investigate if such a stage shift has occurred since the implementation of the USPSTF guidelines, and if disparities existed by race and/or geographical regions. Using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) for lung cancers diagnosed 2009 to 2016. We compared yearly trends in local/regional vs distant stage at diagnosis before and after 2013, stratified by patient race (white vs black), and SEER geographical region. 320,116 lung cancers were diagnosed between 2009 and 2016. Among whites, the proportions diagnosed at stage 4 was 53.9% in 2009 to 48.4% post 2013 and 48.4% in 2016 and the proportion diagnosed at stage 1 was 22.1% in pre 2013 and 28.1% in post 2013.For blacks, the proportion diagnosed at stage 4 was 58.2% in 2009 and 54.7% post 2013 and the proportion diagnosed at stage 1 was 17.6% in pre 2013 and 21.9% in post 2013. Overall, a decrease in stage 4 lung cancer diagnosis was seen and an increase in stage 1 for both blacks and whites. (10.2% relative decrease for whites and 6.0% relative decrease for blacks). Results, however, varied by regions. Northeast regions had more later-stage decreasements among Whites (13.0% pre 2013 vs 7.2% post 2013) In the Southeast region, blacks and whites had smaller comparable reductions in proportions of stage 4 diagnosis (3.1% vs 3.0% overall). Lung cancer diagnosis has been decreasing over time, and stage shift is evident in some populations, however not uniformly by race and geographical regions. Blacks are still more likely to be diagnosed later-stage overall and by all regions in comparison to white pointing to problems with uptake of screening guidelines.
Citation Format: Paris Offor, Chelsea Obrochta, Ben Schumacher, Caroline Thompson. Trends in stage at diagnosis for lung cancer in the U.S., 2009-2016 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-199.
Abstract PO-235: Choroid plexus papilloma: A report of a benign but rare entity
Authors: Laharwani Hansini , Kumar Vijay , Neill James 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Choroid plexus papilloma (CPP) accounts for &lt;1% of all the intracranial neoplasms and is a rare benign neoplasm with common sites being the fourth ventricle in adults and lateral ventricle in children. They are occasionally bilateral with associated hydrocephalus. A 28-year-old female with no past medical history presented to the emergency department with a fall and witnessed seizure. On her way to the bathroom, she felt dizzy and missed a step leading her to trip and fall hitting her headfirst. While on the floor she was witnessed a seizure and brought to the emergency department where she had postictal confusion, slow speech, and was unable to recall events after falling. She also complained about fatigue, lack of energy, sleepiness, loss of interest, sad mood, and suicidal thoughts. CT scan demonstrated a 2.6 cm fourth ventricular mass with internal calcifications. Posterior to the mass there was a subtle increased density which was favored as additional calcifications with moderate obstruction of the 4th ventricle and mild ventriculomegaly. Differential diagnosis included subependymoma, ependymoma as well as astrocytoma. Histopathological examination revealed CPP with appropriately controlled stains to be positive for S100 and Ki-67 to be approximately 3% and negative for p63. CPP is derived from neuroectoderm and is designated as Grade I neoplasms by WHO and Grade II is reserved for atypical CPP. The most optimal treatment strategy is resection which is curative with very little chance of recurrence after a gross-total resection in approximately 96% of the cases. One of the management challenges faced is the vascularity of the tumor which is due to the intraventricular location of tumor which has a rich anastomotic supply of choroidal blood vessels. Due to the rich vascularity of the tumor embolization is considered as an adjunct to reduce the intravascular blood loss intraoperatively with the overall mortality ranging from 0-25% and the mortality rate from the blood loss to be approximately 12%. Currently, the patient is doing well without any evidence of metastasis. Hence it is important to be aware of this rare and benign entity and endoscopic removal is recommended despite the intraoperative bleeding it might cause.
Citation Format: Hansini Laharwani, Vijay Kumar, James Neill. Choroid plexus papilloma: A report of a benign but rare entity [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-235.
Abstract PO-275: Assessing human papillomavirus vaccination-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among young men who have sex with men
Authors: Mann-Barnes Tyrell , Bhimla Aisha , Lin Timmy , Duro-Aina Adebola Florish , Ma Grace 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections in the United States. HPV is acknowledged as one of the causes of anal cancer, with a 20-fold increased risk in men who have sex with men (MSM), when compared to age-matched heterosexual men. MSM are at potential high risk of contracting HPV, due to observed prevalence of risk factors such as a high number of sexual partners, rate of partner change, compromised immune system, and age.
Vaccinations classified as HPV4 and HPV9 protect the aforementioned high-risk serotypes. Among MSM studies, few have focused on the needs, perceptions, knowledge, and intentions of young-MSM (Y-MSM) aged 18 to 27 years old pertaining to HPV diagnosis, associated anal cancer risks, and HPV vaccination intentions. To address this significant gap in the literature, we designed a pilot study to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to HPV vaccine and explore the contextual facilitators and barriers to HPV vaccination among Y-MSM, a vulnerable and medically underserved population in the greater Philadelphia metropolitan area. First, we conducted an online survey assessing vaccination intentions and background knowledge among 400 young-MSM living in the greater Philadelphia metropolitan area. Second, we examine the geospatial associations between the accessibility of HPV screening services, HPV diagnosis, and knowledge of anal cancer risks among 100 high-risk black and Hispanic MSM. The preliminary data will inform proactive and responsive methods to identify the needs of young- MSM pertaining to HPV vaccination intent, the prevalence of HPV within the population, and associated anal cancer risks to reduce disparities among at-risk Y- MSM. We will present results from preliminary data analysis and discuss the process of study design and implementation. We will also discuss implications for future research and public health interventions in HPV vaccine uptake among Y-MSM and other disparity populations.
Citation Format: Tyrell Mann-Barnes, Aisha Bhimla, Timmy Lin, Adebola Florish Duro-Aina, Grace Ma. Assessing human papillomavirus vaccination-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among young men who have sex with men [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2020 Oct 2-4. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(12 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-275.
Abstract IA26: Understanding the impact of COVID in cancer patients through the COVID-19 and Cancer (CCC-19) and other COVID consortiums
Authors: Rini Brian I. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 and the resulting disease, COVID-19, has led to a global pandemic with broad impact on the delivery of medical care. Cancer patients may be especially vulnerable to both infection and adverse outcomes from COVID due to a number of factors including advanced age, immunosuppression from disease and/or anticancer therapy, and heightened interaction with the medical system. Several cohort studies have been launched to more fully understand risk factors for death and other adverse outcomes in patients with active or remote cancer. CCC-19 is a cohort study involving more than 100 institutions that enter data into a REDCaP database regarding patient demographics, cancer type and treatment details, and outcome of COVID infection. All patients have documented SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive and/or clinical symptoms consistent with COVID, in addition to an ongoing or past history of invasive malignancy. The initial analysis of this cohort study (n=928; Kuderer et al., Lancet 2020) demonstrated a 13% mortality rate and revealed several factors associated with an increased mortality including advanced age, male gender, greater number of comorbidities, worse ECOG performance status, and progressive cancer. Recent cancer surgery and receipt of cytotoxic or other systemic anticancer therapy was not associated with worse outcome, although small patient numbers in some subsets precluded definitive conclusions. At present, there are approximately 3,000 patients entered into this database and updated analyses will be presented. In addition to this effort, a number of other societies have created similar databases including ASH, ASCO, and ESMO. These complementary efforts will allow a global assessment of the impact of COVID on cancer patients including mortality and adverse outcomes in addition to cancer-specific outcomes. Last, the NCI COVID-19 in Cancer Patients Study (NCCAPS) is a prospective study in patients with active cancer and recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. This 2,000-patient study is open to accrual and will prospectively define both the impact of COVID on cancer and also cancer status and treatment on COVID outcome. In addition, biospecimen collection in this study will examine genetic predisposition, cytokine and coagulopathic parameters, and serologic outcomes. Collectively, these retrospective and prospective efforts will enable a more granular understanding of COVID in cancer patients to enable both appropriate cancer care delivery and improvement in outcomes in cancer patients with COVID infection.
Citation Format: Brian I. Rini, (on behalf of the CCC-19 Consortium). Understanding the impact of COVID in cancer patients through the COVID-19 and Cancer (CCC-19) and other COVID consortiums [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2020 Jul 20-22. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(18_Suppl):Abstract nr IA26.
Abstract PO-079: COVID-19 in relation to hematologic events and mortality in subset of inpatient cancer patients
Authors: Gadde Saikrishna , Badari Ambuga , Cole John , Manjunath Nikhil 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 is a newly diagnosed entity that has been identified for about 6 months. With the US now being the prevalent nation affected, we aimed to identify factors that were relevant to survival and hematologic events in COVID patients. Our group had primarily been assessing COVID-19-confirmed patients as per PCR at Ochsner Medical Center in Louisiana; we primarily studied patients who were admitted between January 2020 to May 2020. Main events that are currently being studied include factors such as mortality, length of stay, and bleeding or thrombotic events. Secondary endpoints included factors such as influence on blood type and also amount of transfusions required by these patients. Our overall analysis of 1,773 patients yielded a number of 60 patients whom we were able to identify as having an active cancer diagnosis. This disproportionate number of patients may be related to factors such as reluctance to visit the hospital among cancer patients, a phenomenon noted similarly in Cardiology, where the number of admissions for cardiac causes had declined suddenly during this pandemic timeline. One half of our population was African American and included an even proportion of males and females. The age range of patients was between 35-93 years. The most common malignancies that were noted to co-occur with COVID-19 in our population seemed to be lung, prostate, and hematologic malignancies. Although final analyses regarding mortality are to be completed, the proportion of patients who had died with a diagnosis of cancer was around 50% per collection of our current data. Twenty three out of 60 (38%) patients required blood transfusions. In comparison to other reports that had reported bleeding events and thrombotic events, our report revealed a much lower rate of bleeding events (5/60) and thrombotic events (5/60). We plan to repeat our analysis to assess for any confounders in identifying these events, as noted, since some earlier literature had reported between one quarter to two thirds of patients having a thrombotic event. Our analysis also looks at other descriptive variables such as use of anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents, absolute counts of neutrophils and lymphocytes, platelets, and coagulation markers. Also, our assessment includes a study in assessment of any delays noted in chemotherapy dates for these patients.
Citation Format: Saikrishna Gadde, Ambuga Badari, John Cole, Nikhil Manjunath. COVID-19 in relation to hematologic events and mortality in subset of inpatient cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: COVID-19 and Cancer; 2020 Jul 20-22. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(18_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-079.
Abstract IA30: Targeting MYC deregulation in cancer
Authors: Lueg Gregor A. , Faronato Monica , Gorelik Andrii , Grocin Andrea G. , Llorian-Sopena Miriam , Chakravarty Probir , Brzezicha Bernadette , Janz Martin , Garnett Mathew J. , Calado Dinis P. , Tate Edward W. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Human N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) 1 and 2 catalyze N-terminal protein myristoylation, a modification that regulates membrane trafficking and interactions of &gt;100 proteins. NMT has been proposed as a target in cancer, but a rationale for selectivity is lacking due to the complex impact of NMT inhibition (NMTi) on multiple cellular pathways. Here, large-scale screens of hundreds of cancer cell lines against a panel of potent and selective NMTi were combined with systems-level analyses to reveal that NMTi is synthetically lethal with deregulated MYC or MYCN. Synthetic lethality is mediated by post-transcriptional failure in (NADH) Complex I protein synthesis followed by mitochondrial dysfunction in MYC-deregulated cancer cells. We observed that NMT inhibitors blocked the growth of patient-derived tumors with deregulated MYC, without overt toxicity. This mechanistic framework supports NMTi as a novel targeted therapeutic approach and provides a new paradigm in which targeting of a constitutive protein modification is synthetically lethal in MYC-deregulated cancers.
Citation Format: Gregor A. Lueg, Monica Faronato, Andrii Gorelik, Andrea G. Grocin, Miriam Llorian-Sopena, Probir Chakravarty, Bernadette Brzezicha, Martin Janz, Mathew J. Garnett, Dinis P. Calado, Edward W. Tate. Targeting MYC deregulation in cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: Advances in Malignant Lymphoma; 2020 Aug 17-19. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2020;1(3_Suppl):Abstract nr IA30.
Abstract IA40: Defining precursors in low-grade lymphomas that seed second lymphomas
Authors: Louissaint Abner , Weinstock David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Most patients with low-grade lymphoma will achieve a clinical remission (CR) with standard chemoimmunotherapy. Yet, relapse from minimal residual disease (MRD), either as low-grade or high-grade disease, remains the leading cause of death. Several studies have provided consistent evidence showing the strong prognostic value of measurable MRD using flow cytometry, PCR, next-generation sequencing, or other approaches. While MRD includes the malignant cells that remain in a patient who achieves CR, not all MRD cells may have the functional capability to proliferate into relapse. We recently introduced a nomenclature to more precisely distinguish cells included within MRD. In this nomenclature, M-REC (Minimal-RElapsable Cancer) denotes fully transformed cells capable of driving a relapse; MN-REC (Minimal Non-RElapsable Cancer) denotes fully-transformed cells incapable of driving a relapse; and MRP (Minimal Residual Precursors) denotes residual cells that harbor somatic and/or phenotypic alterations but are not fully malignant, such as those causing a dysplastic “field-effect” in cancers like those of the bladder, head and neck, or esophagus. Studies that defined the genetic phylogeny of lymphoma using diagnostic, relapsed, and transformed B-cell lymphomas from the same patients have identified examples where MRPs repeatedly evolve into clinical lymphomas. This conflicts with the traditional model of cancer evolution, in which “relapses” result from M-RECs that persist after therapy. There are two immediate implications to this paradigm-shifting concept: 1) Many “relapses” are actually second lymphomas, and 2) defining and targeting the vulnerabilities of MRPs may be essential for improving lymphoma-free survival among patients who achieve a CR. It is important to note that the vulnerabilities of MRD may differ within the bone marrow, blood, lymph node, and other sites, so sampling of each is essential. To make this possible, we have advanced two strategies. First, we have established xenografts of human follicular lymphoma explants within immunocompromised mice that capture both malignant and nonmalignant cellular components, as well as predictable transformation to large-cell lymphoma in vivo. Second, we have initiated rapid autopsies of patients with disseminated lymphoma to obtain specimens from multiple organs and thereby define the heterogeneity of environmental niches that support the persistence of MRD.
Citation Format: Abner Louissaint, David Weinstock. Defining precursors in low-grade lymphomas that seed second lymphomas [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: Advances in Malignant Lymphoma; 2020 Aug 17-19. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2020;1(3_Suppl):Abstract nr IA40.
Abstract PO-04: Noncoding mutations in mantle cell lymphoma disrupt regulation of HNRNPH1 by alternative splicing
Authors: Coyle Krysta M. , Qureshi Quratulain , Pararajalingam Prasath , Thomas Nicole , Audas Timothy E. , Morin Ryan D. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) are a collection of cancers with each malignancy having distinct clinical management and prognosis. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is particularly genetically heterogeneous and is considered incurable. Through a combination of exome, genome, and targeted sequencing of MCL tumors, we identified recurrent mutations in HNRNPH1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1). These mutations are largely intronic or silent and are associated with a putative cis regulatory region involving a single exon. In RNA-seq data from matched cases, we identified variable representation of two distinct HNRNPH1 isoforms. Based on the reading frame of the affected exons, canonical splicing is predicted to produce a functional protein, while alternative splicing introduces a premature termination codon leading to nonsense-mediated decay. We observed a significantly higher proportion of canonical transcripts in MCL tumors bearing HNRNPH1 mutations, leading us to conclude that mutations in HNRNPH1 significantly alter its splicing. Furthermore, increased canonical splicing results in higher HNRNPH1 protein abundance as determined by immunohistochemical analysis of an MCL tissue microarray. HNRNPH1 mutation status and splicing ratio are associated with shorter survival of MCL patients. We developed an in vitro reporter minigene and introduced three specific mutations corresponding to the patient-identified mutations in HNRNPH1. These mutations lead to an increase in canonical splicing and translation of the HNRNPH1 minigene-derived peptide. Additionally, when HNRNPH1 is overexpressed, we observe a decrease of this peptide, implicating HNRNPH1 in the regulation of its own splicing. This is supported by preliminary data indicating that HNRNPH1 binds its own RNA. Beyond its own splicing, HNRNPH1 is likely also involved in the splicing of additional splicing factors. Overexpression of HNRNPH1 affects the splicing of SRSF3 and HNRNPDL, and many other targets are likely to be identified. This work elucidates a functional role for recurrent noncoding HNRNPH1 mutations and implicates HNRNPH1 expression and splicing of its downstream targets in lymphomagenesis. We continue to explore trans regulatory targets of HNRNPH1 using in vitro and cell-based models. While splicing is a growing field of interest in lymphoma biology, the unique pattern and consequences of these largely silent mutations specifically implicate alternative splicing as an oncogenic mechanism in MCL.
Citation Format: Krysta M. Coyle, Quratulain Qureshi, Prasath Pararajalingam, Nicole Thomas, Timothy E. Audas, Ryan D. Morin. Noncoding mutations in mantle cell lymphoma disrupt regulation of HNRNPH1 by alternative splicing [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Meeting: Advances in Malignant Lymphoma; 2020 Aug 17-19. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2020;1(3_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-04.