bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of formation factors for ecological state of soils, and impact of overburden
Authors: Pochechun V A , Semyachkov A I , Kuchin V V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper formation factors for ecological state of soils in the location area of rock overburden dumps formed as a result of the development of Gusevogorsky deposit are studied. Gusevogorsky deposit is located in the Kachkanar district of the Middle Urals. This deposit contains vanadium-containing titanomagnetite ores, and therefore the rocks and ores of this territory contain the following association of chemical elements: vanadium, cadmium, silicon, arsenic, nickel, chromium, and zinc. A rock overburden dump is a potential source of anthropogenic impact on environmental components, including soils through fugitive dust emissions. Thus, in our work two formation factors for ecological state of soils in the given territory are considered: 1) overburden rock geochemical composition; 2) pollutant dispersion air streams from the dump.
Increasing efficiency of use of dryers at the gas-processing enterprises
Authors: Abdulkerimov R F , Chekushina T V , Vorobyev K A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Gas is the most environmentally friendly type of fuel and its role only increases over time. According to experts ’ forecasts by 2050 its role in the world’s energy balance will be 28-30 %. The main technological process used in gas production and transportation is the drying process. Annually, about 20-25 billion cubic meters of associated petroleum gases are processed at gas processing plants. In Russia, the production of liquefied natural gas is becoming more popular. The quality of associated petroleum gas intended for processing is subject to high demands, such as purification of methanol, mercury and gas dehydration. Mostly dehydration is carried out using zeolites. The paper presents the result. On the territory of Russia, a significant proportion of gas fields contain hydrogen sulfide and organosulfuric compounds, without purification from which gas can not be sold to the main gas pipeline system and consumers. The organization of gas production at the Orenburg and then Astrakhan fields required the use of technologies for gas purification from hydrogen sulfide, production of gas sulfur and post-treatment of tail gases of sulfur production, as well as gas purification from organosulfur compounds.
Determining the composition of therapeutic mud and sewage sludge of mud baths for their subsequent disposal
Authors: Arkanova I A , Markov P A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The composition and characteristics of therapeutic mud and sewage sludge of mud baths are studied in the article. The use of the X-ray fluorescence method makes it possible to determine the composition and percentage of elements in the resulting waste of mud baths. The studies are carried out using a sample of natural therapeutic mud from the Sulfatnoe Lake of the Kurgan Region and natural sewage sludge generated after treatment. The study of the elemental composition of natural mud and sludge have shown a high content of silicon dioxide, aluminium oxides, as well as compounds of calcium, magnesium and other elements. Possible options for the disposal of waste mud and sludge by using them in various industries, such as road construction, agriculture, production of structural materials, are proposed. Based on the results of the study, the article also concludes that it is possible to use the sludge in the construction industry.
Features of ventilation at the enterprises of metallurgy and mechanical engineering
Authors: Skorik T , Galkina N , Glazunova E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The processes of foundry of machine-building enterprises are accompanied by the release of excess heat and a large number of hazards. Reducing the harmful impact of enterprises on the environment should be ensured by a complex of technological and construction measures, as well as the effective operation of ventilation systems. When designing ventilation systems, it is necessary to solve an optimization problem that takes into account their energy and environmental reliability, and economic efficiency. As a result of the analysis of the reliability of ventilation systems, their energy efficiency, heat consumption for the needs of heating and ventilation of a number of metallurgical industries, in order to reduce operational energy costs, it is recommended to solve a set of problems that include increasing the level of use of secondary energy resources. The authors propose a cyclone-heat exchanger, where cleaning of dust and gas flow and its heat recovery are combined in one apparatus. Design and construction of energy-efficient ventilation systems with high technological reliability will reduce operating power consumption from 30 to 75%.
Use of vegetable oil refining waste to remove oil products from sewage
Authors: Porozhnyuk L A , Lupandina N S , Porozhnyuk E V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The relevance of the research is due to both problems arising from the pollution of surface water with oil products, and the possibility of expanding the range of effective sorbents through the use of industrial waste. The article presents the results on the selection of purification parameters for model effluents containing industrial oils as a type of oil product. Purification was carried out by a sorbent made on the basis of the waste formed during the purification of vegetable oils from waxy impurities. The sorbent was obtained as a result of roasting secondary silica-containing raw materials of oil extraction production in a certain temperature range. It was revealed that the heat treatment of the waste leads to a partial burnout of the organics and the preservation of the paraffin fractions that make up the waxy impurities. Due to this, thermally modified waste becomes hydrophobic and oleophilic; contributes to an increase in oil absorption. In the course of the study, the influence of a number of factors was established, such as the temperature of waste roasting, the duration of contact of the sorbent and the purified medium, the mass of the sorbent, on the efficiency of the process of purifying model solutions from oil products.
Development of engineering and technical environmental measures for technogenic atmospheric pollution by thermal power facilities
Authors: Zvyagintseva A V , Sazonova S A , Kulneva V V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Technological processes are considered at the objects of heat power engineering - combined heat and power plants. The principle of operation of heat power facilities is considered on the example of the Voronezh TPP-1. The equipment is considered, with the help of the rational use of which the required level of ecological safety of the technogenic object can be achieved. Taking into account the peculiarities of the processes carried out at Voronezh TPP-1, the most effective set of engineering, technical and environmental measures aimed at reducing the technogenic impact of the TPP on the city’s atmosphere is proposed. In developing recommendations on the use of effective environmental measures at the CGP, the works were considered.
Fe-Cu aluminosilicate catalytic materials for oxidation of azo dyes
Authors: Khankhasaeva S Ts 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Fe-Cu aluminosilicate materials were obtained by replacing exchangeable cations of bentonite clay with polymer hydroxocations of iron and copper. The specific surface and porosity characteristics of the synthesized materials were determined using low-temperature nitrogen adsorption. It was established that modifying clay with iron and copper complex compounds and heating at 400 °C and 500 °C led to the formation of microporous materials with a specific surface area of 140-152 m2.g-1. The catalytic properties of Fe-Cu aluminosilicate materials were studied in the oxidative degradation reaction of a diazo dye “direct pure blue” in aqueous solutions using hydrogen peroxide as oxidizing agent. It was shown that the materials were active catalysts for the dye oxidation and increased oxidation efficiency to 78-96% for 360 min at 40 °C. The results of the research allow to conclude that obtained Fe-Cu-aluminosilicate materials can be successfully used in the catalytic treatment of wastewater from organic dyes.
Sonophotocatalytic (1.7 MHz, 254 nm) destruction of Bisphenol-A in aqueous solutions
Authors: Aseev D G 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) an organic compound largely used in the plastic industry as a monomer. The micropollutant BPA (43.8 μM) was employed under conditions of high-frequency ultrasound (1.7 MHz, 25 W) and ultraviolet radiation (254 nm). To enhance degradation a Fenton-like oxidation system was used, including persulfate as an oxidizing agent and ferrous iron (Fe (II))) as a catalyst. Experiments were carried out in a flow sonophotoreactor, flow rate 0.5 l/min. The progress of the treatment of Bisphenol-A solution has been monitored in terms of reduction in the concentration (HPLC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). A large synergistic effect (2.4) was shown in the oxidation of Bisphenol-A from the combined effect of two directed at each other sources of ultrasound. The efficacy of combined approaches was generally higher than individual treatment methods of sonolysis (87%) and photolysis (15%) in 240 min of treatment. Complete oxidation of BPA is achieved in the {UV/US/Fe2+/S2O8
2-} system in 120 minutes, however, mineralization reaches (50%), possibly due to the lack of an oxidizing agent. The reaction rates of Bisphenol A degradation and mineralization increase in the order: {UV} <{US} <{Fe2+/S2O8
2-} <{US/Fe2+/S2O8
2-} <{UV/US/Fe2+/S2O82-}.
Adsorption properties of nanostructured form of aluminium hydroxide γ-modification
Authors: Filatova E G , Dudarev V I , Begunova L A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Adsorption properties of aluminium hydroxide γ-modification towards toxic copper(II) and zinc(II) ions were studied. In a neutral medium at pH=7.6, the ion adsorption capacity was 264 mg/g for copper(II) and 338 mg/g for zinc(II). The study of the temperature effect on the absorbability of toxic ions established that the adsorption capacity is characterized by an increase followed by a decrease as the equilibrium value is reached. The absorbability increase in the initial moment is caused by an increase in the formation rate of hydroxo aqua complexes of copper(II) and zinc(II) ions. The differential heat of adsorption was determined. It demonstrated a decrease from 27 to 20 kJ/mol during the process, which is caused by the fact that, as the most active centres of nanostructured form of aluminium hydroxide γ-modification are saturated, heavy metal ions are adsorbed by decreasingly active regions of its surface.
Sorption post-treatment of accumulator waste
Authors: Kachalova G S , Chuklin K A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Annotation. The main goal when creating typical waste water of JSC “Tyumen Battery Plant” is to bring the composition as close as possible to real waste water. The aim of the work is to study the process of sorption post-treatment when working with different types and concentrations of coagulants and flocculants, to select the most effective coagulants and flocculants and their doses, which give maximum effect of sorption post-treatment from colloidal-dispersed impurities and lead ions. For work the following coagulants were selected: FeSO4·7H2O; FeCl3 and Al2(SO4)3 in various relations (1:1), (2:1), (1:2); Flocculants: Flopam FO 4125 SH, Flopam FO 4440 SH, Flopam FO 4115 SSH; Praestol 2531 TR, Praestol 650 TR, Na2O · mSiO2 · nH2O sodium metasilicate (Liquid glass). In process of operation method of dynamic sorption on sorbent of KΦГM-7 is used for additional purification of waste water from lead ions. Based on the data obtained, recommendations can be made to intensify the subsequent treatment of waste water from battery production using the following reagents: FeCl3 (83mg/l) + Al2 (SO4)3 (42mg/l) and Liquid glass (1mg/l); FeSO4 7H2O (150g/L) и Flopam FO 4115 SSH (1mg/L); FeSO4 · 7H2O (150 mg/L) and liquid glass (1 ml).
Effectiveness of sonophotolysis for eliminating bisphenol A and bacteria from aqueous solution
Authors: Tsenter I M , Popova S A , Garkusheva N M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This study focuses on the improvement of the effectiveness inactivation of microorganisms and degradation of micropollutants using of AOPs (advanced oxidation processes) methods in deionized water. The effectiveness of sonophotolysis for degrading bisphenol A (BPA) and inactivating bacteria Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalisin aqueous solution was investigated using ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV LEDs, 365 nm) and high-frequency (1.7 MHz) ultrasound (US). The sonophotolytic system UV/US was highly efficient for inactivating E. faecalis, whereas no US contribution was observed for E. coli.A synergistic effect for sonophotolysis of BPA was found. We suggest that the obtained results are promising for developing modern sonophotochemical methods for water treatment and disinfection.
Options for evaluating the project efficiency: technospheric security factor
Authors: Skvortsova N , Matys E , Uze E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In the context of a fall in consumer demand due to a decrease in cash incomes of the population, starting in 2013, a decline in business activity in the investment and construction market of Russia has been observed. The recession was noted even in regions that were previously the locomotives of the construction boom. In accordance with this, against the background of general stagnation of the economy, the only way out in this situation should be recognized as a way to improve the quality of products to maintain market share. According to experts, over the past ten years, the quality of traditional construction products manufactured by domestic manufacturers has significantly increased, but there remain problems of aging production technologies, the quality of raw materials, the low level of qualifications of specialists in the construction industry, etc. A varied approach to the choice of production technology for building products and building technology makes it possible to react flexibly to emerging environmental challenges and the deterioration of key indicators of business activity in the construction business in modern conditions of risk and uncertainty at macro and micro levels.
The use of vegetable oil waste for the sewage purification from dyes
Authors: Lypandina N S , Porozhnyuk L A , Gavrish V M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Currently, the search for new methods of wastewater treatment is an urgent task. In this work, investigation was carried out on the treatment of sewage containing dyes using modified waste generated during the refining of oils. During the research, the influence of various physical and chemical factors on the efficiency of sewage containing dyes was investigated. As a result of investigation on model sewage, it was found that when using modified waste, the maximum cleaning efficiency reaches 98%. At the same time, the following environmental problems are being solved simultaneously: reducing the amount of man-made waste and, as a result, reducing the area for its storage and treatment of waste water containing dyes.
Experimental investigation of star grains in dual thrust solid propellant motors
Authors: El-Naggar M , Belal H , Abdalla H M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
One of the great challenges in designing tactical solid missiles is to achieve high acceleration in the boost phase then maintaining constant speed during the sustain phase. This could be achieved by using a dual thrust solid-propellant rocket motor. Many of these tactical motors use a combination of star, tubular or finocyl grains to achieve this profile. The present study uses two tandem star grains with different design parameters and different transition geometry. Previous researches had consistently shown that the main advantage of star grain is the potential higher volumetric loading in addition to high tailorability. The pressure-time curve for the designed grains is calculated using a zero-dimensional internal ballistic module and a small-scale test motor is used to verify the calculated pressure-time curve. Different transition geometries are compared. Tapered transition is shown to give a comparable performance with the sharp transition with the advantage of higher volumetric loading.
Mitigation of irregular burning in a small solid propellant rocket motor
Authors: Elkshen M , Belal H , Al-Sanabawy M A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
An irregular burning phenomenon arises in some solid propellant motors(SRM), where the time-averaged pressure differs largely from that dedicated by instantaneous area burning. This phenomenon is generally considered the result of the interaction of pressure disturbances within the motor cavity with solid propellant deflagration. Hence, it is a combustion-dependent acoustic phenomenon. Historically, different suppression devices included the classical resonance rods and paddles, and arrays of acoustic resonators and various baffle arrangements were applied. In this paper, irregular burning which arises in a modification of a shoulder-launched rocket is investigated. Several techniques dealing with the irregular burning problem were attempted. In each case, the signal of pressure was analysed in the time domain through time average and AC pressure signal, and in the frequency domain through Fourier transform and power spectral density. The most successful technique was the drilling of holes through the grain, connecting the perforation to the external burning region of the cylinder. Next was the increasing of blocking factor, both methods lead to stabilizing the modified motor.
Validation of relations for the determination of pyrotechnic igniter mass
Authors: Salama A , Belal H , Abdalla H M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Propellant ignition is an essential process in solid rocket motor operation as it is responsible of starting the combustion and to reliably self-sustain burning of the solid propellant. Despite the importance of igniter design and ignition process, the relations dealing with igniter mass determination are not well studied and not validated against actual motors with a systematic variation of parameters. The main objective of the current research is to validate the available equations in open literature for determination of the mass of igniter pyrotechnic charge. Data from seven real solid propellant rocket motors were used to validate the relations. These motors have different sizes, grain geometries and pyrotechnic compositions. The results show that the equation of Brayan–Lawerene has the smallest root mean square error (RMSE), and so, it is considered more convenient.
Optimization of friction stir welding parameters using response surface methodology
Authors: Sabry I , Gadallah N , Abu-Okail M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The aim of this article is to create a new technique for predicting discontinuity formation, its place and magnitude during aluminium alloy (AA6061) friction stir welding (FSW). The effectiveness of the technique was demonstrated using visual inspection, hardness and tensile test of the friction stir welded joints. The measured current was analysed through power calculations. In each of the FSW stages, the energy consumption is significantly varied, clearly distinguishing the penetration of the tool, its revolution, its traverse movement and its metal removal rate. The findings of tracking the energy consumption indicate that using power consumption means the significance of weld quality. FSW has been carried out based on two factors - two levels. Response surface methodology (RSM) is employed to develop a mathematical model. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique checks the adequacy of the developed mathematical model, which is used effectively at 95% confidence level. In contrast, tensile and hardness tests also showed that welds at high power usage failed continuously within the welding area, due to reduced welding temperature and absence of penetration in the welding zone.
The effect of tire rubber particles on the mechanical and physical properties of polyester
Authors: Abo Elenien K F , Azab N A , Bassioni G , Abdellatif M H 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this work, a novel composite of polyester with rubber particles-obtained from recycled wasted car tires - was developed. Worn tires generate a large amount of wastes that do not derogate resulting in environmental problems. This has the advantage of producing useful product that is economical and eco-friendly. The effect of the volume fraction of the rubber particles in the composites on the physical and mechanical properties of the composites was studied. Varying the volume fraction from 0-60% resulted in an increase in the impact properties. The addition of rubber particles had also the effect of reducing the density of the composites which is a desirable property.
Experimental and computational dynamic structural analysis of free-flight rockets
Authors: Habaka M A , Farag SS , Khalil M , Ahmed M Y 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Aerospace vehicles’ designers often strive to approach the lightweight structures in order to improve flight performance without compromising vehicles durability. However, this goal may be achieved on the expense of structural rigidity of the vehicle. A missile with high slenderness ratio is a typical vehicle that should be considered as flexible body if precise dynamic behaviour analysis is sought. This analysis is crucial to identify the flight performance of such missile with high accuracy. The present paper discusses the results of a side-by-side experimental and numerical analysis of the vibration characteristics of a full-scale free-flight missile having 70mm caliber. The experimental modal analysis is conducted on the missile with empty motor to represent its unpowered flight regime. Experimental modal analysis setup involved accelerometer sensors while vibration excitation is achieved using an impact hammer. Modal analysis is also conducted numerically using a well-used high-fidelity commercial tool. Results of experimental modal analysis have shown that the first four modes as bending modes with frequencies of 134.4, 400.6, 819.4 and 1173.6 Hz, respectively. The results also demonstrate the close agreement between numerical and experimental approaches.
Assessment of St. St. 316L joints welded by laser beam and metal active gas MAG processes
Authors: Magdy A M , El-Shabasy A B , Hassan H A 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Study the welding of Stainless steel 316L sheet was carried out using two welding techniques, Laser beam and Metal Active Gas MIG. Strips of 1.5 mm thick were cut from the Stainless-steel sheet and then welded using nitrogen gas for shielding. Metallographic examination using optical microscopy and SEM was conducted to study the microstructure of the welded joints. The tensile stress for joints welded by Laser beam and MAG were ranged from 386 to 632 MPa and from 126.5 to 599 MPa respectively according to the parameters of each welding techniques. The average of microhardness values measured at successive distances for joints welded by Laser beam and MAG were 265 HV and 261 HV, respectively. The obtained results were analysed and discussed based on the recent research.