bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DETERMINANTS OF INCOME SECURITY AMONG PENSIONABLE RETIRED PERSONS IN KENYA
Authors: Maina Lucy , Kimani Elishiba 
Published: May 2020

Retirees’ income security constitutes a key concern for nations aiming to secure their ageing populations. Kenya has a growing retirement sector with about 252,000 retired civil servants who are on pension and a significant number of private sector retirees who receive a gratuity at retirement. Though formally retired workers may receive a pension, studies consistently report low pensions uptake and inadequate incomes for those retired as well as an increasing national and societal burden. This paper explores the key determinants of income security among 978retired persons who were receiving dues on their retirement savings. Guided by the life cycle and third age theory, the study investigated whether retirees’ socio-economic attributes, pre-retirement financial status, retirees’ benefit package, retirees’ utilization of retirement savings and investments and pre-retirement preparation correlated with income security. A mixed-method study design was used combining survey and case study approaches. Cluster, purposive and random sampling methods were employed to select retirees under the four categories of retirement schemes in Kenya across 18 selected counties of Kenya. Hypotheses were tested using the Chi square test of significance and comparison of means (t-test) specifically to illustrate the relationship between socio-economic indicators, pre-retirement factors and income security at retirement. Logistic regression procedure was employed to isolate the significant factors that predict income security in retirement. The binary logistic regression analysis confirm that retirees with higher education had 26% higher chances of enjoying income security, those who earned higher pre-retirement salary had 25% higher chances of having a secure income at retirement, those knowledgeable about pensions had 35% higher chances of being income secure while those who had planned for their retirement had 14% higher chances of achieving income security. The study recommends crafting of a robust retirement planning package, financial and health plans for retirees’ income security and sustainable livelihoods.
Climate Security of the Russian Federation: Statistics, Facts, Analysis
Authors: Yakovleva E. N. , Yashalova N. N. , Vasil’tsov V. S. 
Published: May 2020

This article outlines climate security of the Russian Federation and its regions based on official (state and administrative) statistics and widely used statistical analytical tools. Building on the conceptual authors’ position on possibilities of managing natural and climatic risks and increasing national and regional resilience against negative impact of natural and climatic factors (climatic stability), the article examines system of indicators of «climate intensity» and «energy intensity».The article bases conclusions concerning the decrease of natural and climatic risks to Russian economy in recent years on the results of the conducted analysis. These positive trends are the result of adoption of the 2009 Climate Doctrine. However, growth of economy is still provided generally with use of traditional energy sources - non-renewable minerals. It leads to considerable greenhouse gases concentration in the atmosphere.The assessment of the regions of Russia by the indicator «GRP energy intensity» allowed to identify territorial entities with the greatest relative impact on the climate due to high energy consumption. The top 10 regions for this indicator include mainly those with developed metallurgy, energy, mining and manufacturing industries. Less than one third of constituent entities of the Russian Federation have energy intensity of the economy below the Russian average.The work justifies the feasibility of statistical accounting of greenhouse gas emissions by region for integrated assessment of climate risks. The results of such an assessment can then be used in the formulation and implementation of national and regional climate policies.
Pengaruh Faktor Sosial Ekonomi Dan Kompetensi Manajerial Peternak Sapi Perah Terhadap Pendapatan (Suatu Kasus Pada Peternak Sapi Perah di KPSBU Lembang di Kecamatan Lembang, Kabupaten Bandung Barat)
Authors: Dasipah Euis , KS Karyana , Sukmawati Dety , Danah Ida 
Published: May 2020

The research has aim at to know relationship between the socio economic factors and managerial competence and and it’s infuence to the breeder’s income. The method was used by survey technique toward the breeders. The Sampling technique was used by simple random sampling method by using slovin formula, carried out 70 units. The data was analyze by the path analyze to verify the hypothesis. The result of the research that was the relationship strongly between the influence of socio economic factors and managerial competence shown by the coeficient of corellation r = 0,77. The economic factors has the indicators : age, formal education, knowledge, experience, dependency ratio, motivation of business and scale of business has gained 78,53% citeria good. Managerial competence of breeder has indicators: data recording, milking technique , livestock health, feed, mating,cowshed, man power and marketing obtained 78,94 %, criteria good. The socio economic factors and managerial competence of breeder give a positive influence to the breeder income. The contribution of managerial competence shown greater than The socio economic factors. Each other contribution are 33,11 % and 20,70 %.
Blended Learning dalam Pembentukan Kemandirian Belajar
Authors: Diana Purwati Zisca , Wirawati Denik , Rosalia Sholeha 
Published: May 2020

Tulisan ini akan mendeskripsikan penggunaan blended learning dalam meningkatkan kemandirian belajar mahasiswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif deskriptif dengan analisis data menggunakan presentase. Subjek penelitian mahasiswa angkatan 2018 sebanyak 142 responden. Datapenelitian diambil dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan skala Likert. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan blended learning menjadikan mahasiswa dapat belajar lebih mandiri. Hasil setiap indikator sebagai berikut. 1) ketidaktergantungan terhadap orang lain sebesar 80,12%; 2) memiliki kepercayaan diri sebesar 74,97%; 3) berperilaku disiplin sebesar 78,43%; 4) memiliki rasa tanggung jawab sebesar 77,61%; 5) berperilaku berdasarkan inisiatif sendiri sebesar 79,87%; dan 6) melakukan kontrol diri sebesar 76,37%. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa blended learning dapat menjadi alternatif pilihan model pembelajaran yang diterapkan untuk meningkatkan kemandirian belajar mahasiswa.Kata kunci: blended, Bahasa Indonesia, mandiri
Race and Participation in International Experiential Learning: Case-Based Exemplar of a Habitat-University Partnership in El Salvador
Authors: Pulsifer Kenzie , Feagan Robert B. , Sliwinski Alicia 
Published: May 2020

International experiential learning – IEL, has various pedagogical concerns associated with the colonial and racialized lineage underlying its Global South engagements. Drawing on critical race theory, White privilege and globally engaged learning research as they inform IEL, this case-based study of ‘northern’ participant perceptions of their experiences in a partnership between Habitat for Humanity in El Salvador, and a Canadian university, focuses on a ‘catalytic moment’ in El Salvador. That is, a unique situation arose which prompted participant women of colour – PoC, to share distinct insights and counter-stories from their positions, providing an opening for deeper attention to race for all of the participants, and we believe, for IEL practice more broadly. And in this context, the host partners saw opportunities for IEL participation both North and South, to be strengthened through greater diversity in team-composition and in associated host-community learning and relationship development.
Comparison of Coombs Gel Test with ELISA and Standard Tube Agglutination Tests Used in Serological Diagnosis of Brucellosis
Authors: Akalan Kuyumcu Cigdem , Erol Serpil , Adaleti Rıza , Senbayrak Seniha , Deniz Secil , Barkay Orcun 
Published: May 2020

Objective: Serological tests are the most commonly used tests in the diagnosis of brucellosis; however, each serological test has some drawbacks. In this study, we aimed to determine the value of the Brucella Coombs gel test (BCGT) in the serological diagnosis of brucellosis in comparison with Standard tube agglutination (STA) and ELISA tests.

Materials and Methods: The study included 42 patients who were considered to have brucellosis as a preliminary diagnosis. BCGT, Brucella-IgM/IgG ELISA, and STA tests were performed from serum samples of the patients. The correlation of the diagnostic tests was analyzed using Cohen’s Kappa Analysis.

Results: Twenty-seven (64.2%) of 42 patients were diagnosed with brucellosis according to their medical history and clinical and serological tests. The sensitivity and specificity of BCGT to diagnose brucellosis was 96.2%, and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of brucellosis 62.9% and 100% for STA, respectively; 33.3% and 66.6% for Brucella-IgM; and 66.6% and 100% for Brucella-IgG. BCGT was significantly correlated with STA (κ= 0.590) and Brucella-IgG (κ=0.539)

Conclusion: BCGT can be utilized as a simple and reliable test in the diagnosis of brucellosis with high sensitivity and specificity. Nevertheless, the sensitivity and specificity of BCGT should be demonstrated by comprehensive studies, including culture-confirmed cases and control groups.
Ruptura de mitos acerca da deficiência intelectual e o PDI como facilitador de aprendizagem
Authors: Silveira Jucelaine da 
Published: May 2020

O objetivo do artigo é apresentar uma reflexão sobre um ponto crucial da escola inclusiva: as possibilidades de aprendizagem dos alunos com deficiência intelectual. Como alvo de nossa pesquisa, está a rede municipal de escolas de ensino fundamental do município de Cachoeirinha, região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Sabemos que esta rede tem feito movimentos para implantar a educação especial inclusiva. Entre as preocupações está a adequação curricular nas turmas regulares de ensino. Incluir este aluno nas classes regulares requer repensar a proposta político pedagógica, adaptando o currículo à sua condição cognitiva, social e cultural. Sob esta ótica, uma vez que abre suas portas para uma clientela segregada, a escola se depara com uma realidade a ser repensada para uma atuação responsável, que contribua na aprendizagem de cada aluno e, portanto, adequando seu funcionamento, ritmo e linguagem para garantir o direito à educação que toda pessoa tem. Na trilha investigativa, buscamos extrair dos cotidianos das diferentes instituições e do evento anual intitulado “Jornada Vivências da Inclusão 2019”, proposto pela secretaria de educação municipal, elementos para tecer ideias a respeito da inclusão buscando aprofundar nosso conhecimento sobre a deficiência intelectual e o nosso olhar sobre as inovações curriculares em prol da aprendizagem desta parcela de alunos que, atualmente, frequenta a escola regular.
A musicoterapia para a socialização de crianças com transtorno do espectro do autista
Authors: Souza Júlio César Pinto de , Nogueira Thais Pinto 
Published: May 2020

O Transtorno de Espectro Autista (TEA) faz parte da categoria de transtornos do neurodesenvolvimento e tem como principais características, prejuízo persistente na comunicação social recíproca e na interação interpessoal. Em face dos prejuízos nas relações sociais buscam-se formas alternativas e atrativas para que essa barreira relacional seja rompida, sendo a musicoterapia uma dessas técnicas. Este artigo teve como objetivo investigar das contribuições oferecidas pela musicoterapia às crianças com TEA que frequentam uma instituição da cidade de Manaus. Esta pesquisa teve uma abordagem quantitativa, caráter descritivo e de campo, utilizando-se como instrumento o questionário. Quanto aos resultados foi verificado que a música acalma, melhora a comunicação, mitiga movimentos estereotipados e auxilia no desenvolvimento motor e afetivo das crianças com TEA. Os resultados comprovam que a musicoterapia colabora para melhoria do desenvolvimento físico, social e emocional da criança com TEA, fato que reflete positivamente nas relações familiares, escolares e sociais.
Palavras-chave: Musicoterapia, Transtorno do Espectro Autista, Relações interpessoais.
Diphthongs are micro-feet: Prominence and sonority in the nucleus
Authors: Krämer Martin , Golston Chris 
Published: May 2020

In this paper we look at prominence in diphthongs and argue that diphthongs are structured in the same way metrical feet are. We propose a set of OT constraints that generates a typology of micro-feet. These are either iambic or trochaic or they are quality/sonority-sensitive with default to iamb or trochee in case of sonority plateaus (i.e., ui and iu). Crucially, we did not find any language with quantity-sensitive micro-feet. This gap is explained by the assumption that diphthongs are maximally bimoraic and that length in diphthongs is phonologically represented as mora sharing. For a quantity-sensitivity constraint targeting pairs of moras the two vowels in a diphthong are thus indistinguishable and prominence determination is left to sonority or foot form constraints which locate the prominence at an edge of the foot.
The computational nature of stress assignment
Authors: Koser Nate , Jardine Adam 
Published: May 2020

While computational studies of stress patterns as phonotactics have yielded restrictive characterizations of stress (Rogers et al., 2013) with provably correct learning procedures (Heinz, 2009), an outstanding question is the nature of stress assignment as a function which assigns stress to an underlying bare string of syllables. This paper fills this gap by locating stress patterns with respect to the subsequential class of functions (Mohri, 1997), which are argued to be important for phonology in that the vast majority of phonological functions fall within the subsequential boundary (Heinz & Lai, 2013; Chandlee, 2014), with the notable exception of tone and vowel harmony (Jardine, 2016; McCollum et al., under review). The main result is that—while most, if not all quantity insensitive (QI) stress systems are subsequential functions—the same does not hold for quantity sensitive (QS) systems. Counter-intuitively, so-called default-to-opposite QS patterns are subsequential, but default-to-same QS patterns are provably not. It also supports the claim of Jardine (2016) that certain tonal patterns are non-sequential because their suprasegmental nature allows for more a more powerful computation. As stress assignment is also suprasegmental, the existence of non-sequential stress functions adds evidence for this conclusion.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN ZAKAT SEBAGAI ALAT PERENCANAAN PAJAK (TAX PLANNING) PPh BADAN PADA PT TELKOM INDONESIA
Authors: Mustamin Asyraf , Kasim Amrah , Ismawati Ismawati , Murliani Murliani 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan zakat sebagai alat perencanaan pajak dan menguji bukti empiris efisiensi PPh badan pada PT Telkom Indonesia Tbk Makassar untuk laporan keuangan dan laporan perpajakan mulai tahun 2011-2013. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu penelitian lapangan studi kasus dengan menganalisis data kuantitaif dan menghasilkan data kualitatif. Objek yang diteliti ialah dokumentasi data-data pada PT Telkom Indonesia Tbk. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa PT Telkom Indonesia Tbk Makassar telah melakukan pelaporan perpajakan sesuai dengan peraturan perpajakan yaitu Undang-undang No.36 tahun 2008, setelah melakukan perhitungan Pajak Penghasilan (PPh) badan setelah diterapkan zakat sebagai alat perencanaan pajak serta perusahaan wajib mengeluarkan zakat karena keberadaan perusahaan adalah sebagai badan hukum (recht person) atau yang dianggap sebagai orang. Hasil perhitungan perencanaan pajak setelah dilakukan penerapan zakat terdapat potensi efisiensi sebesar 6,3% sehingga hasil perhitungan PPh Badan dengan melakukan penerapan zakat lebih efisien dibandingkan tanpa melakukan penerapan zakat sebagai alat perencanaan pajak.
Price Discount and Retention of Customers of Pay Television Sector in Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: Adebule Samuel Olufemi 
Published: May 2020

Aim: To determine the correlation between price discount and customer retention in the Nigerian pay television sector particularly in Ekiti State, Nigeria.
Study Design: Descriptive survey research design was used for the study.
Place and Duration of Study: Ekiti State, Nigeria between February and November, 2019.
Methods: Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted to select the 390 subscribers of pay television in Ekiti State namely Startimes, Dstv and Gotv who are respondents of the study. Primary data used for the study were collected through a well-structured questionnaire and were analysed using percentages, frequency table and multiple regressions.
Results: Findings from the study revealed that provision of price discount had a significant positive effect on retention of customers of pay television in Nigeria. Also the study revealed that reduction in subscription fees at interval has a positive effect on customer continuous patronage of the pay television service provider.
Conclusion: The study concluded that increased sales promotion led to increased customer retention in the pay television sector in Nigeria. It recommended that pay television service providers should give more of price discounting and free to view stations to customers with a view to attracting potential customers and retaining the existing ones.
A History of Shiʿi Islam
Authors: Daftary Farhad 
Published: May 2020

I.B.Tauris in association with the Institute of Ismaili Studies
Shi'i Muslims have played a crucial role, proportionally greater than their relative size, in furthering the civilizational achievements of Islam. Indeed, the Shi'i scholars and literati of various branches and regions, including scientists, philosophers, theologians, jurists and poets, have made seminal contributions to Islamic thought and culture. There have also been numerous Shi'i dynasties, families or individual rulers who patronized scholars, poets and artists as well as various institutions of learning in Islam. In spite of its significance, however, Shi'i Islam has received little scholarly attention in the West, and when it has been discussed, whether in general or in terms of some of its subdivisions, it has normally been treated marginally as a 'sect' or a 'heterodoxy'. The present book draws on the scattered findings of modern scholarship in the field, attempting to explain the formative era of Shi'i Islam, when a multitude of Muslim groups and schools of thought were elaborating their doctrinal positions.
Subsequent chapters are devoted to the history of the Ithna'asharis, or Twelvers, the Ismailis, the Zaydis and the Nusayris (now more commonly known in Syria as the Alawis), the four communities that account for almost the entirety of the Shi'i Muslim population of the world. The result is a comprehensive survey of Shi'i Islam that will serve as an accessible work of reference for academics in both Islamic and Middle Eastern studies, as well as the broader field of the History of Religions, and also more general, non-specialist readers.
Muslim-Christian Engagement in the Twentieth Century
Authors: Fletcher Charles D 
Published: May 2020

Christian-Muslim dialogue grows increasingly important, but little is known about individual Muslim dialogical thinkers. Born in Palestine in 1921, Ismail al-Faruqi was a leading figure in the development of conversation and debate across faiths in North America in the second half of the twentieth century, and was actively engaged in inter-faith study and dialogue. Al-Faruqi founded the Islamic Studies programme at Temple University, Pennsylvania where several distinguished Muslim intellectuals have taught, such as Seyyid Hossein Nasr, Mahmoud Ayoub and Hasan Hanafi. Along with Kenneth Cragg and Wilfred Cantwell Smith, al-Faruqi was an active participant in Muslim-Christian dialogues in the 1970s and the 1980s. Charles Fletcher here presents the first study dedicated to Ismail al-Faruqi’s theory and practice of interfaith dialogue. Analysing al-Faruqi’s sometimes provocative ideas on the comparative study of religion, dialogue and practical engagement, the author provides an illuminating study of the life and thought of this important scholar.
Tracing the development of al-Faruqi’s ideas and practice of inter-faith dialogue, Fletcher shows how Muslim intellectuals engaged in such attempts viewed their role as representatives of the worldwide Muslim community. With perceptive insights into the history of contemporary Muslim-Christian dialogue, this book will be invaluable for all those interested in inter-faith relations, comparative religious studies, North American Muslims and Islamic studies.
Language Education in the School Curriculum
Authors: Cruickshank Ken , Black Stephen , Chen Honglin , Tsung Linda , Wright Jan 
Published: May 2020

There is widespread concern in all English speaking countries at the rapid decline in study of languages. The promise of ‘languages for all’ in the UK and North America in the 1970s marked a shift from languages as élite subjects for the privileged few, but this promise has not been fulfilled. This book explores the reasons for and solutions to this decline. More importantly, it looks at how these trends have been reversed in successful school programs and the implications of this for language education policy makers. The study draws on an analysis of data from 600 primary, secondary and community languages schools over six years and from detailed case studies in a representative sample of 45 successful schools. The book proposes a range of strategies to address the decline: from engaging classroom learning, assessment outcomes and embedding languages as central in school curriculum on the one level, to a mix of incentives and mandation for language study, especially at upper secondary school level.
The authors explore the impact of learning languages on the thinking, educational experiences and outcomes of young people across a range of ethnic backgrounds and socioeconomic statuses. They show the importance of having equal access to languages study in a world where young people will have increasingly more diverse working lives and argue that the gap in languages between policy and uptake is really a gap in the thinking of policy makers and government.
Contemporary British Television Drama
Authors: Chapman James 
Published: May 2020

The early twenty-first century has seen the emergence of a new style of television drama in Britain that adopts the professional practices and production values of high-end American television while remaining emphatically 'British' in content and outlook. This book analyses eight of these dramas – Spooks, Foyle's War, Hustle, Life on Mars, Ashes to Ashes, Downton Abbey, Sherlock and Broadchurch – which have all proved popular with audiences and in their different ways represent the thematic and formal paradigms of post-millennial drama.
James Chapman locates new British drama in its institutional and economic contexts, considers their critical and popular reception, and analyses their social politics in relation to their representations of class, gender and nationhood. He demonstrates how contemporary drama has mobilised both new and residual elements in re-configuring genres such as the spy series, cop show and costume drama for the cultural tastes of modern audiences. And it concludes that television drama has played an integral role in both the economic and the cultural export of 'Britishness'.