bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Replication of Equine arteritis virus is efficiently suppressed by purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis inhibitors
Authors: Valle-Casuso José Carlos , Gaudaire Delphine , Martin-Faivre Lydie , Madeline Anthony , Dallemagne Patrick , Pronost Stéphane , Munier-Lehmann Hélène , Zientara Stephan , Vidalain Pierre-Olivier , Hans Aymeric 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRNA viruses are responsible for a large variety of animal infections. Equine Arteritis Virus (EAV) is a positive single-stranded RNA virus member of the familyArteriviridaefrom the orderNidoviraleslike theCoronaviridae.EAV causes respiratory and reproductive diseases in equids. Although two vaccines are available, the vaccination coverage of the equine population is largely insufficient to prevent new EAV outbreaks around the world. In this study, we present a high-throughputin vitroassay suitable for testing candidate antiviral molecules on equine dermal cells infected by EAV. Using this assay, we identified three molecules that impair EAV infection in equine cells: the broad-spectrum antiviral and nucleoside analog ribavirin, and two compounds previously described as inhibitors of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), the fourth enzyme of the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway. These molecules effectively suppressed cytopathic effects associated to EAV infection, and strongly inhibited viral replication and production of infectious particles. Since ribavirin is already approved in human and small animal, and that several DHODH inhibitors are in advanced clinical trials, our results open new perspectives for the management of EAV outbreaks.
Bacterial DNAemia is associated with serum zonulin levels in older subjects
Authors: Gargari Giorgio , Taverniti Valentina , Del Bo’ Cristian , Bernardi Stefano , Andres-Lacueva Cristina , González-Domínguez Raul , Kroon Paul A. , Winterbone Mark S. , Cherubini Antonio , Riso Patrizia , Guglielmetti Simone 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe increased presence of bacteria in blood is a plausible contributing factor in the development and progression of aging-associated diseases. In this context, we performed the quantification and the taxonomic profiling of the bacterial DNA in blood samples collected from a group of forty-three older subjects enrolled in a nursing home. Quantitative PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene revealed that all the older volunteers contained detectable amounts of bacterial DNA in their blood. The total amount of 16S rRNA gene copies varied considerably between subjects. Correlation analyses revealed that the bacterial DNAemia (expressed as concentration of 16S rRNA gene copies in blood) significantly correlated with the serum levels of zonulin, an emerging marker of intestinal permeability. This result was confirmed by the analysis of a second set of blood samples collected after approximately four months from the same subjects. Analyses of 16S rRNA gene profiling revealed that most of the bacterial DNA detected in blood was ascribable to the phylum Proteobacteria with a predominance of Pseudomonadaceae and Enterobacteriaceae. Several control samples were also analyzed to assess the influence exerted by contaminant bacterial DNA potentially originating from reagents and materials. The date reported here suggest that para-cellular permeability of epithelial (and potentially also endothelial) cell layers may play an important role in bacterial migration into the bloodstream. Bacterial DNAemia is likely to impact on several aspects of host physiology and could underpin the development and prognosis of various diseases in older subjects.
Zoned deformation prediction model for super high arch dams using hierarchical clustering and panel data
Authors: Hu Jiang , Ma Fuheng 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to develop and verify a methodology for a zoned deformation prediction model for super high arch dams, which is indeed a panel data-based regression model with the hierarchical clustering on principal components.

Design/methodology/approach
The hierarchical clustering method is used to highlight the main features of the time series. This method is used to select the typical points of the measured ambient and concrete temperatures as predictors and divide the deformation observation points into groups. Based on this, the panel data of each zone can be established, and its type can be judged using F and Hausman tests successively. Then hydrostatic–temperature–time–season models for zones can be constructed. Through the comparative analyses of the distributions and the fitted coefficients of these zones, the spatial deformation mechanism of a dam can be identified. A super high arch dam is taken as a case study.

Findings
According to the measured radial displacements during the initial operation period, the investigated pendulums are divided into four zones. After tests, fixed-effect regression models are established. The comparative analyses show that the dam deformation conforms to the natural condition. The factors such as the unstable temperature field and the nonlinear time-dependent effect have obvious effects on the dam deformation. The results show the efficiency of the proposed methodology in zoning and prediction modeling for deformation of super high arch dams and the potential to mining dam deformation mechanism.

Originality/value
A zoned deformation prediction model for super high arch dams is proposed where hierarchical clustering on principal component method and panel data model are combined.
Comprehending customer satisfaction with hotels
Authors: Li Hongxiu , Liu Yong , Tan Chee-Wee , Hu Feng 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
Building on the three-factor theory, this study aims to unravel how the role of hotel attributes such as basic, excitement and performance factors could differ in accordance with different hotel star ratings and distinct customer segments.

Design/methodology/approach
This study explores the asymmetric effects of hotel attributes on customer satisfaction by extracting 412,784 consumer-generated reviews from TripAdvisor across different cities in China.

Findings
By taking into account the origins of customers and hotel star ratings, the study uncovers that guests’ expectations of hotel performance differ with respect to their origins (domestic and international guests) and the star ratings of the hotels being reviewed, thereby moderating the asymmetric impact of hotel attributes on customer satisfaction.

Research limitations/implications
The study compares and contrasts the determinants of customer satisfaction for domestic and international guests in the context of Chinese hotels. Care should still be exercised when generalizing the insights gleaned from this study to other contexts.

Practical implications
The findings from this study translate into actionable guidelines for hotel operators to make informed decisions regarding service improvement.

Originality/value
The study extends previous work by offering a deeper understanding of the asymmetric impact of hotel attributes on customer satisfaction. Specifically, this study provides a deep understanding of the different hotel attributes such as basic, performance and excitement factors in explaining customer satisfaction among different hotel customer segments. Findings from this study can not only inform hotel operators on the significance of various hotel attributes in determining customer satisfaction but also guide the formulation of business strategies to retain customers by inducing delight and not frustration.
Conflicts between business and government in bike sharing system
Authors: Yang Hong , Hu Yimei , Qiao Han , Wang Shouyang , Jiang Feng 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to elaborate on the interactive conflicts between business and governmental authorities in the regulatory process of an emerging business model: sharing economy. Focusing on bike sharing system, the study also investigates the conflict-handling strategy of bike sharing companies and government regulation.Design/methodology/approachAn evolutionary game model is introduced to illustrate the interactive conflict between bike sharing companies and government regulation, combined with system dynamics (SD) to simulate the evolutionary conflict-handling strategies between the two players.FindingsThe dynamic strategies of the two players are observed, and under five conditions the conflict outcomes are evolutionary stable states. Simulations show that each party sacrifices part of its interest and adjust its strategy according to that of the other, indicating the conflict-handling strategy as a compromising mode. Furthermore, the strategies of bike sharing companies are sensitive to additional operation and maintenance costs for producing low-quality bicycles and costs of positive regulation, which provides theoretical guidance for regulatory authorities.Originality/valueThe station-less bike sharing come up in China recently, and it is an important research field of entrepreneurship. Owing to the uniqueness and novelty of the phenomenon, conflicts and challenges exist during the regulation process. Thus, the study practically contributes to the conflict-handling strategies of businesses and government under the context of sharing economy. Methodologically, as a novel issue with less available data to carry out empirical research, this study combines evolutionary game theory with SD to shed light on the complex interactions between businesses and government. The research method can be applied to other entrepreneurial studies.
Career commitment and subjective career success: the moderating role of career-enhancing strategies
Authors: Ekmekcioglu Emre Burak , Erdogan Mahmure Yelda , Sokmen Alptekin 
Published: April 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to test the moderating role of career-enhancing strategies (CESs) in the relationship between career commitment (CC) and subjective career success (CS).Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 217 full-time employees working for three different sectors in Ankara, Turkey. The participants were asked to respond to a self-reported survey. The hypotheses were tested using a hierarchical regression analysis.FindingsThe results indicated that CC had a significant and positive effect on subjective CS. Furthermore, the positive relationship between CC and subjective CS was stronger for employees with a high level of self-nomination and for employees with a high level of networking. However, creating career opportunities did not moderate the effects of CC on subjective CS.Research limitations/implicationsBecause this study had a cross-sectional research design, causality cannot be established among the study variables.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest a better understanding of the way CC is able to affect subjective CS through the networking and self-nomination CESs.Originality/valueThis study is original, in that no previous studies have investigated the moderating role of CESs in the relationship between CC and subjective CS.
Effect of cage-pocket wear on the dynamic characteristics of ball bearing
Authors: Li Hui , Liu Heng , Li Hao , Qi Shemiao , Liu Yi , Wang Fengtao 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of the cage-pocket wear on the dynamic behavior of the ball bearing.

Design/methodology/approach
Through analyzing the complicated relationship and interactions among the ball bearing elements, the dynamic modeling of the ball bearing was established considering the gravity, drag force from the oil, hydrodynamic effect on the cage and the dynamic simulations with different amounts of the cage-pocket wear loss of the ball bearing (BPWL) were obtained by solving the ball bearing dynamic equations using Runge–Kutta method.

Findings
The results show that the trajectory of the cage’s centroid presents two vibration modes with different amplitudes. In addition, those two different forms of trajectory of different amplitudes emerge alternatively with BPWL increase moreover the diameter of the trajectory decrease significantly with the BPWL increasing, which is consistent with the experimental result and last BPWL has lightly effect on the average skidding ratio of the cage, however, the BPWL would produce significant effects on the fluctuation of the skidding ratio, which can directly reflect the stability of motion to a certain extent.

Originality/value
Practice shows that the bearing failure resulting from the cage accounts for 25 per cent of the total failure of the rolling bearings. However, few discussions about how the wear of the cage-pocket would influence the dynamic characteristics of the cage. This study can provide important ideas for the design of bearing cage-pocket size and the fault identification of the ball bearing to decrease the failure rate caused by the cage.

Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-12-2019-0535/
POLAR QUESTION PARTICLES AND THEIR SOURCES: A SEMANTIC APPROACH TO GRAMMATICALISATION1
Authors: Aigro Mari 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study investigates the semantic systematicity in the pathways through which various functional markers become polar question particles (PQPs). This research proposes that the high degree of semantic cohesion between sources and targets suggests that a pre‐existing semantic component radically increases the likelihood of some markers becoming PQPs. It observes that all functional classes which have been noted to become PQPs in various languages share semantic similarities, meaning that they can all be analysed as markers of polarity (negation, affirmation or open polarity). It tests this pattern by means of an in‐depth corpus analysis, examining the modern and historical PQP pathways in Estonian – a language unusually rich in PQPs. The results show that the sources for all six analysed PQPs, as well as elements which they themselves have given rise to, confirm the proposed pattern of PQPs arising from polarity markers. The semantic map summarising these patterns illustrates the space of polarity between two axis – mood (interrogative and non‐interrogative) and bias (negative, affirmative, open polarity). These results highlight the importance of semantic factors in grammaticalisation.
External validation of a simple risk score based on the ASPRE trial algorithm for preterm pre‐eclampsia considering maternal characteristics in nulliparous pregnant women: a multicentre retrospective cohort study
Authors: Brunelli E , Seidenari A , Germano C , Prefumo F , Cavoretto P , Di Martino D , Masturzo B , Morano D , Rizzo N , Farina A 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveTo validate the performance of a first‐trimester simple risk score based on the ASPRE trial algorithm for pre‐eclampsia.DesignMulticentre retrospective cohort analysis.SettingFour Italian hospitals.PopulationUnselected nulliparous women at 11–13 weeks of gestation from January 2014 through to January 2018.MethodsModel performance was evaluated based on discrimination and calibration.Main outcome measuresDelivery before 37 weeks of gestation with a diagnosis of pre‐eclampsia.ResultsBased on 73 preterm pre‐eclampsia cases and 7546 controls (including 101 cases of late pre‐eclampsia), the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.659 (95% CI 0.579–0.726). The sensitivity was 32.9% (95% CI 22.1–43.7) at a false‐positive rate of 8.8%. The positive likelihood ratio was 3.74 (95% CI 2.67–5.23), the positive predictive value was 3.49% (95% CI 2.12–4.86%) and the negative predictive value was 99.3% (95% CI 99.1–99.5%). The sensitivity and positive likelihood ratio were approximately 40% lower than in the original study. The calibration analysis showed a good agreement between observed and expected risks (P = 0.037). Comparison with the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) algorithm yielded a difference in the area under the curve of 0.084 (P = 0.007).ConclusionsIn our Italian population, the simple risk score had a lower performance than expected for the prediction of preterm pre‐eclampsia in nulliparous women. The FMF algorithm applied to the same data set resulted in a better prediction.Tweetable abstractSimple risk score predicts preterm pre‐eclampsia in Italy.
Clinical and ethical challenges for emergency departments during communicable disease outbreaks: Can lessons from Ebola Virus Disease be applied to the COVID‐19 pandemic?
Authors: Markwell Alexandra , Mitchell Rob , Wright April L , Brown Anthony FT 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEDs fulfil a frontline function during public health emergencies (PHEs) and will play a pivotal role during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This perspective article draws on qualitative data from a longitudinal, ethnographic study of an Australian tertiary ED to illustrate the clinical and ethical challenges faced by EDs during PHEs. Interview data collected during the 2014 Ebola Virus Disease PHE of International Concern suggest that ED clinicians have a strong sense of professional responsibility, but this can be compromised by increased visibility of risk and sub‐optimal engagement from hospital managers and public health authorities. The study exposes the tension between a healthcare worker's right to protection and a duty to provide treatment. Given the narrow window of opportunity to prepare for a surge of COVID‐19 presentations, there is an immediate need to reflect and learn from previous experiences. To maintain the confidence of ED clinicians, and minimise the risk of moral injury, hospital and public health authorities must urgently develop processes to support ethical healthcare delivery and ensure adequate resourcing of EDs.
GLP‐1 and insulin regulation of skeletal and cardiac muscle microvascular perfusion in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Love Kaitlin M. , Liu Jia , Regensteiner Judith G. , Reusch Jane E.B. , Liu Zhenqi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMuscle microvasculature critically regulates skeletal and cardiac muscle health and function. It provides endothelial surface area for substrate exchange between the plasma compartment and the muscle interstitium. Insulin fine‐tunes muscle microvascular perfusion to regulate its own action in muscle and oxygen and nutrient supplies to muscle. Specifically, insulin increases muscle microvascular perfusion, which results in increased delivery of insulin to the capillaries that bathe the muscle cells and then facilitate its own transendothelial transport to reach the muscle interstitium. In type 2 diabetes, muscle microvascular responses to insulin are blunted and there is capillary rarefaction. Both loss of capillary density and decreased insulin‐mediated capillary recruitment contribute to a decreased endothelial surface area available for substrate exchange. Vasculature expresses abundant glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) receptors. GLP‐1, in addition to its well‐characterized glycemic actions, improves endothelial function, increases muscle microvascular perfusion, and stimulates angiogenesis. Importantly, these actions are preserved in the insulin resistant states. Thus, treatment of insulin resistant patients with GLP‐1 receptor agonists may improve skeletal and cardiac muscle microvascular perfusion and increase muscle capillarization, leading to improved delivery of oxygen, nutrients, and hormones such as insulin to the myocytes. These actions of GLP‐1 impact skeletal and cardiac muscle function and systems biology such as functional exercise capacity. Preclinical studies and clinical trials involving the use of GLP‐1 receptor agonists have shown salutary cardiovascular effects and improved cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Future studies should further examine the different roles of GLP‐1 in cardiac as well as skeletal muscle function.
Effects of consumer cohorts and age on meat expenditures in the United States
Authors: Lee Ji Yong , Qian Yiwei , Gustavsen Geir Wæhler , Nayga Rodolfo M. , Rickertsen Kyrre 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMeat demand is likely influenced by the birth cohort and age of the individual. In this study, we examine the demand for beef, pork, poultry, and other meat in the United States using the 1984–2012 Consumer Expenditure Survey and the almost ideal demand system with the incorporation of age, period, and cohort (APC) effects. We find that the model with APC effects performs better than the models without APC effects. The results indicate that cohorts born in earlier time periods are expected to purchase significantly less poultry compared to cohorts born in later time periods, when they are measured at the same age. Over the life cycle, purchase of poultry is expected to increase with age while the opposite is true for red meat. We also find that the own‐price elasticity for beef is highest among the products examined, while the own‐price elasticity for other meat is lowest and the inclusion of APC effects increases the absolute value of the own‐price elasticities for beef, pork, and poultry, but reduces the own‐price elasticity for other meat. Our forecasts indicate that the aggregate poultry purchase will continue to increase until 2022, while the aggregate purchase of red meat will slightly increase until 2017, but will either decrease or stay at same level from year 2017 to 2022.
Point‐of‐care lung ultrasound in patients with COVID‐19 – a narrative review
Authors: Smith M. J. , Hayward S. A. , Innes S. M. , Miller A. S. C. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryUltrasound imaging of the lung and associated tissues may play an important role in the management of patients with COVID‐19–associated lung injury. Compared with other monitoring modalities, such as auscultation or radiographic imaging, we argue lung ultrasound has high diagnostic accuracy, is ergonomically favourable and has fewer infection control implications. By informing the initiation, escalation, titration and weaning of respiratory support, lung ultrasound can be integrated into COVID‐19 care pathways for patients with respiratory failure. Given the unprecedented pressure on healthcare services currently, supporting and educating clinicians is a key enabler of the wider implementation of lung ultrasound. This narrative review provides a summary of evidence and clinical guidance for the use and interpretation of lung ultrasound for patients with moderate, severe and critical COVID‐19–associated lung injury. Mechanisms by which the potential lung ultrasound workforce can be deployed are explored, including a pragmatic approach to training, governance, imaging, interpretation of images and implementation of lung ultrasound into routine clinical practice.