bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forecasting with the Theta Method
Authors: Nikolopoulos Konstantinos , Thomakos Dimitrios D. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Theta method is the most successful univariate time series forecasting method of the past two decades, since its origination in 1999. The method's success has been demonstrated in applications in demand forecasting, marketing, and supply chain forecasting contexts; nevertheless, the success in extensive
blind
empirical forecasting competitions also involved thousands of series from finance, economics, and a wide range of applications and thus attested for generalizability. The superior performance of Theta method originally was proved in the M3 completion in 2000, where the Theta method was the only method that outperformed Forecast Pro and dominated a pool of 18 academic methods and 5 software packages. The performance in M4 competition was also very commendable where the method outperformed – in both accuracy and computational time – all standard forecasting benchmarks, most notably the well‐celebrated ETS method and the ARIMA models in all their variants. Theta method has also been an essential part of most of the well‐performing combinations that participated in M4. In essence, Theta method and Dampen Trend Exponential Smoothing are the two benchmarks that any new forecasting method should outperform, in order to pass the test of time.
Statistical Process Monitoring for Manifold Data
Authors: del Castillo Enrique , Zhao Xueqi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractManifold data is a fundamental type of complex data that are common in modern industry. It occurs when data lie on a lower dimensional, curved subspace or manifold. This article reviews the recent approaches for statistical process monitoring of a discrete‐part manufacturing system based on the manifold data obtained from part metrology. The approaches reviewed are based on estimating the spectrum of the Laplace–Beltrami (LB) operator of the scanned parts and using it in a multivariate nonparametric control chart for online process control. This intrinsic method has the computational advantage of avoiding the difficult part registration problem.
Statistical Software
Authors: Schissler Alfred G. , Knudson Alexander D. 
Published: November 2020

This article presents a fairly comprehensive view of contemporary statistical software. Our goal is to guide users transitioning from basic statistical applications (problems of small‐to‐medium complexity) to large‐scale and computationally intense applications. Such computationally intense tasks include elaborate statistical modeling and machine learning, large‐scale simulations, and big data situations (such as streaming data). Throughout, we emphasize the growing diversity of tools required for the modern data scientist. To that end we cover a broad number of statistical software packages and related programs. To aid in the discussion, we categorize software into three classes: popular statistical software, related and noteworthy statistical software, and promising/emerging statistical software. We also discuss user environments and workflow considerations to provide practical guidance, aiming to increase user efficiency. We conclude with some prognostications about the future of statistical software.
Monetizing Industry 4.0 and IoT Data for Marketing and Sales – Collected from Connected Cars
Authors: Coleman Shirley Y. , Ahlemeyer‐Stubbe Andrea 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Connected cars use sensors to collect diverse and massive amounts of data. Wise companies are well aware of the importance of data arising from such
Industry 4.0
sensors. They are able to develop new business models, initiate disruptive innovations, and open up new sources of revenue. At the same time, society is becoming more and more familiar with data from the so‐called IoT, the
Internet of Things
. The less‐technical areas of
marketing and sales
can also benefit from this mass of data, and it is this vital part of the business chain upon which this article focuses. This article discusses concrete examples from the area of connected cars. It describes the data which is generated and shows value creation opportunities for marketing and sales both in large companies and small or medium enterprises (SMEs).
The association of frailty with olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in older adults: a nationally representative sample
Authors: Bernstein Isaac A. , Roxbury Christopher R. , Lin Sandra Y. , Rowan Nicholas R. 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundOlfaction and gustation are associated with age‐related decline. Deficits in these chemosenses have been associated with significant comorbidities. Meanwhile, frailty, defined as a reduced physiological reserve, is well correlated with mortality and worse health outcomes. We sought to analyze a nationally representative patient population to determine the association between chemosensory dysfunction and frailty.MethodsCross‐sectional analysis of U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013‐2014 was performed, using multivariate logistic regression to examine the association between chemosensory dysfunction and frailty in adults aged ≥40 years (n = 3547). Self‐reported olfactory dysfunction (sOD) and gustatory dysfunction (sGD), and measured olfactory dysfunction (mOD) and gustatory dysfunction (mGD) were assessed for all participants. Frailty was operationalized using a 39‐item frailty index (FI) and stratified into 4 groups using validated cutoffs.ResultsParticipants with sOD and mOD had significantly higher mean FI scores (sOD: 0.18 vs 0.13, p < 0.001; mOD: 0.20 vs 0.14, p < 0.001), whereas subjects with sGD, but not mGD, had higher mean FI scores (sGD: 0.21 vs 0.13, p < 0.001; mGD: 0.14 vs 0.14, p = 0.953). Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated frail participants had significantly greater odds of sGD (odds ratio [OR] 4.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.46 to 4.88), sOD (OR 2.35; 95% CI, 1.98 to 2.78), and mOD (OR 1.58; 95% CI, 1.22 to 2.05), but not mGD (OR 1.21; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.61). This association was strongest in the frailest group.ConclusionSelf‐reported chemosensory dysfunction and mOD are independently associated with measures of frailty, suggesting a novel method to assess or predict frailty.
Wood flour‐high density polyethylene composites: Influence of silanization and esterification on mechanical properties
Authors: Bijaisoradat Orachitr , Yue Liang , Manas‐Zloczower Ica , Manuspiya Hathaikarn 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSilanization and esterification are strategies used to treat wood flour (WF) to produce surface functionalized hydrophobic WF leading to an improvement in dispersion and compatibility between wood phase and polymer phase. Silanization involves functionalization of alkyl groups by coupling trimethoxy (propyl) silane (MPS), and esterification functionalizes WF with ester groups, using acetic anhydride (Ac). Modified WF was incorporated into recycled high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) to form reHDPE/mod‐WF composite system. Both modifications produced highly hydrophobic WF surfaces which improved the dispersion in the reHDPE matrix; resulting in a significant difference in impact strength, specifically at 20 wt% filler, from 74.5 Jm−1 to 146.3 Jm−1 and 113.5 Jm−1, that is, up to 96% and 52% for MPS‐WF and Ac‐WF, respectively. However, filler agglomeration higher than 20 wt% reduces the composite impact strength. The results herein demonstrate that alkyl‐functionalized WF show excellent dispersion in the reHDPE system and is the preferred technique to improve system mechanical resilience as compared to esterification.
The male external urethral sphincter is autonomically innervated
Authors: Nyangoh Timoh Krystel , Moszkowicz David , Creze Maud , Zaitouna Mazen , Felber Margaux , Lebacle Cédric , Diallo Djibril , Martinovic Jelena , Tewari Ashutosh , Lavoué Vincent , Ghukasyan Gevorg , Benoit Gerard , Bessede Thomas 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of the present study was to describe autonomic urethral sphincter (US) innervation using specific muscular and neuronal antibody markers and 3D reconstruction.Material and methodsWe performed en‐bloc removal of the entire pelvis of three male human fetuses between 18 and 40 weeks. Serial whole mount sections (5 μm intervals) were stained and investigated. The sections were stained with Masson's trichrome and Eosin Hematoxylin, and immunostained with: anti‐SMA antibody for smooth muscle; anti‐S100 antibody for all nerves; and anti‐PMP22 antibody, anti‐TH antibody, anti‐CGRP antibody, anti‐NOS antibody for somatic, adrenergic, sensory and nitrergic nerve fibers, respectively. The slides were digitized for 3D reconstruction to improve topographical understanding. An animated reconstruction of the autonomic innervation of the US was generated.ResultsThe external and internal US are innervated by autonomic nerves of the inferior hypogastric plexus (IHP). These nerves are sympathetic (positive anti‐TH antibody), sensory (positive anti‐CGRP antibody), and nitrergic (positive anti‐NOS antibody). Some autonomic fibers run within the neurovascular bundles, posterolaterally. Others run from the IHP to the posteromedial aspect of the prostate apex, above an through the rectourethral muscle. The external US is also innervated by somatic nerves (positive anti‐PMP22 antibody) arising from the pudendal nerve, joining the midline but remaining below the rectourethral.ConclusionsThis study provides anatomical evidence of an autonomic component in the innervation of the external US that travels in the neurovascular bundle. During radical prostatectomy, the rectourethral muscle and the neurovascular bundles are to be preserved, particularly during apical dissection.
An atypical presentation of Kikuchi‐Fujimoto disease: A case report & literature review
Authors: Halawa Abdul Rahman R. , Ahmad Muayad K. , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe authors urge clinicians to consider the possibility of Kikuchi‐Fujimoto Disease associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia with possible correlation with systemic lupus erythematosus in patients presented with lymphadenopathy and fever.
Diabetes association with self‐reported health, resource utilization, and prognosis post‐myocardial infarction
Authors: Nicolau José C. , Brieger David , Owen Ruth , Furtado Remo H.M. , Goodman Shaun G. , Cohen Mauricio G. , Simon Tabassome , Westermann Dirk , Granger Christopher B. , Grieve Richard , Yasuda Satoshi , Chen Jiyan , Hedman Katarina , Mellström Carl , Brandrup‐Wognsen Gunnar , Pocock Stuart J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. We compared health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), healthcare resource utilization (HRU), and clinical outcomes of stable post‐myocardial infarction (MI) patients with and without DM.HypothesisIn post‐MI patients, DM is associated with worse HRQoL, increased HRU, and worse clinical outcomes.MethodsThe prospective, observational long‐term risk, clinical management, and healthcare Resource utilization of stable coronary artery disease study obtained data from 8968 patients aged ≥50 years 1 to 3 years post‐MI (369 centers; 25 countries). Patients with ≥1 of the following risk factors were included: age ≥65 years, history of a second MI >1 year before enrollment, multivessel coronary artery disease, creatinine clearance ≥15 and <60 mL/min, and DM treated with medication. Self‐reported health status was assessed at baseline, 1 and 2 years and converted to EQ‐5D scores. The main outcome measures were baseline HRQoL and HRU during follow‐up.ResultsDM at enrollment was 33% (2959 patients, 869 insulin treated). Mean baseline EQ‐5D score (0.86 vs 0.82; P < .0001) was higher; mean number of hospitalizations (0.38 vs 0.50, P < .0001) and mean length of stay (LoS; 9.3 vs 11.5; P = .001) were lower in patients without vs with DM. All‐cause death and the composite of CV death, MI, and stroke were significantly higher in DM patients, with adjusted 2‐year rate ratios of 1.43 (P < .01) and 1.55 (P < .001), respectively.ConclusionsStable post‐MI patients with DM (especially insulin treated) had poorer EQ‐5D scores, higher hospitalization rates and LoS, and worse clinical outcomes vs those without DM. Strategies focusing specifically on this high‐risk population should be developed to improve outcomes.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01866904 (https://clinicaltrials.gov).
Analysis of experiments to determine individual colour preference
Authors: Yu Luwen , Westland Stephen , Li Zhenhong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFinding an efficient way to understand individual colour preference is important to researchers and designers. This article compares three research strategies to test individual colour preference including two research experimental environments (online and laboratory) and two research methods (multiple choice for N‐alternative‐forced‐choice and multiple choice for rank‐order). Three psychophysical experiments have been carried out. Participants were presented with six colour patches (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and purple) arranged in a random order on a computer display. In the first two experiments (Online experiment and Laboratory experiment I), participants were asked to indicate which colour square they prefer most; in the third experiment (Laboratory experiment II), participants were asked to rank their colour preferences of the six colour patches. The similarity between the results obtained from two experimental environments provides some validation for the online protocol and suggests that online experiments could be used more often. Pairwise comparisons for individual colour preference between genders and nationalities were carried out, and it was found that male and female responses were significantly different; but there was no statistical significance between Chinese and UK participants. The results from Monte Carlo simulations suggested that the rank‐order method should be preferred for individual colour preference studies involving small numbers of participants (especially less than 15 participants).
Validation of the Questionnaire for Symptom Assessment in Pain disorders for Back pain patients (Q‐SAP)
Authors: Otto Jan Carl , Gierthmühlen Janne , Kirchhofer Viktoria , Borzikowsky Christoph , Baron Ralf 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have shown that not only pain intensity but also impairment of quality of life and functionality are important parameters for the evaluation of treatment of chronic low back pain patients. The aim of the study was to validate a specific self‐questionnaire for symptom assessment and their influence on quality of life and functionality of chronic low back pain patients (Questionnaire for Symptom Assessment in Pain disorders for back pain patients, Q‐SAP).MethodsThe self‐questionnaire consists of two parts (for back and if applicable leg symptoms) and was tested in 152 chronic low back pain patients with and without radiculopathy. Test–retest reliability, exploratory factor analysis, convergent validity, criterion‐related validity and the sensitivity to detect patient reported changes were investigated.ResultsThe questionnaire showed a good to excellent test–retest reliability. In the factor analysis nociceptive and neuropathic pain components could be separated and the highest convergent validities were shown for the painDETECT, EQ‐5D‐3L and the FFbH‐R. The criterion‐related validity showed concordance of QST and the Q‐SAP Back for warmth induced pain and numbness. Regarding the sensitivity to patient‐reported changes, a moderate correlation was found for both parts of the questionnaire.ConclusionsThe Q‐SAP was tested as a useful, valid and reliable tool. This new questionnaire records classical nociceptive and neuropathic pain symptoms of chronic low back pain patients depending on their local distribution. Furthermore, the questionnaire records the intensity of these symptoms and their influence on quality of life and functionality and can be used for the evaluation of treatment.SignificanceThe Q‐SAP Back/Leg is a new self‐questionnaire for CLBP patients with or without radiating leg pain that precisely assesses neuropathic and nociceptive symptoms. In contrast to other questionnaires, the Q‐SAP Back/Leg evaluates not only symptom intensities but also their impact on the patient's quality of life and functionality. Furthermore, this questionnaire requests the symptoms depending on their anatomical distribution.
Perceptual learning of tone patterns changes the effective connectivity between Heschl's gyrus and planum temporale
Authors: Lumaca Massimo , Dietz Martin J. , Hansen Niels Chr. , Quiroga‐Martinez David R. , Vuust Peter 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLearning of complex auditory sequences such as music can be thought of as optimizing an internal model of regularities through unpredicted events (or “prediction errors”). We used dynamic causal modeling (DCM) and parametric empirical Bayes on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to identify modulation of effective brain connectivity that takes place during perceptual learning of complex tone patterns. Our approach differs from previous studies in two aspects. First, we used a complex oddball paradigm based on tone patterns as opposed to simple deviant tones. Second, the use of fMRI allowed us to identify cortical regions with high spatial accuracy. These regions served as empirical regions‐of‐interest for the analysis of effective connectivity. Deviant patterns induced an increased blood oxygenation level‐dependent response, compared to standards, in early auditory (Heschl's gyrus [HG]) and association auditory areas (planum temporale [PT]) bilaterally. Within this network, we found a left‐lateralized increase in feedforward connectivity from HG to PT during deviant responses and an increase in excitation within left HG. In contrast to previous findings, we did not find frontal activity, nor did we find modulations of backward connections in response to oddball sounds. Our results suggest that complex auditory prediction errors are encoded by changes in feedforward and intrinsic connections, confined to superior temporal gyrus.
Trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole as Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prevention in patients undergoing methotrexate therapy for hematological malignancies: A review of the literature
Authors: King Liam D. , Sia Hanlon , Anoopkumar‐Dukie Shailendra 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMethotrexate is a cytotoxic agent that is commonly used to treat autoimmune diseases, and both solid and hematological malignancies. Drug interactions are of particular concern during methotrexate therapy, as they have the potential to alter the pharmacokinetics of methotrexate and lead to significant toxicity. One agent that has the potential to interact with methotrexate is the antimicrobial agent trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole. Consideration of this interaction is of importance in patients that are undergoing high‐dose methotrexate therapy for hematological malignancies as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole is the preferred agent for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis. Current Australian guidelines recommend avoiding concurrent administration of high‐dose methotrexate and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, yet evidence to support this recommendation is unclear. This review investigates the current available evidence that focuses on the interaction between high‐dose methotrexate and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and aims provide guidance for the use of this combination in clinical practice.
Genotoxicity and subchronic toxicity studies of Lipocet®, a novel mixture of cetylated fatty acids
Authors: Brilli Elisa , Tarantino Germano 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCetylated fatty acids (CFAs) are a group of fats that contain a single ester group within a hydrocarbon chain, which are reported to have beneficial biological effects. A novel mixture of CFAs produced by combining fatty acids derived from refined olive oil with cetyl esters (Lipocet®) is proposed for use as a food ingredient and was therefore subjected to a nonclinical safety assessment. The safety of Lipocet® was evaluated in a bacterial reverse mutation test and an in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus test, followed by a 90‐day oral (gavage) toxicity study. In the 90‐day study, Sprague–Dawley rats were administered with the vehicle (corn oil) or Lipocet® at 1,500, 3,000, or 4,500 mg/kg body weight/day for 90 days. A comparator reference control group received noncetylated fatty acids derived from olive oil at 4,500 mg/kg body weight/day to identify any effects that may be expected following consumption of high doses of fat. Lipocet® was nongenotoxic in vitro. In the 90‐day study, changes observed in hematological and clinical biochemistry parameters were minor in nature and/or showed poor dose dependency. Histopathology findings in the gastrointestinal tract and lungs were noted but were not associated with a clear dose response and were likely incidental. Moreover, Lipocet® was just as well tolerated as the reference control. Therefore, 4,500 mg/kg body weight/day (the highest dose tested) was considered the no‐observed‐adverse‐effect‐level. These results support the safety of Lipocet® for use as a food ingredient.
Raman spectroscopy of human skin for kidney failure detection
Authors: Bratchenko Lyudmila A. , Bratchenko Ivan A. , Khristoforova Yulia A. , Artemyev Dmitry N. , Konovalova Daria Y. , Lebedev Peter A. , Zakharov Valery P. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe object of this paper is in vivo study of skin spectral‐characteristics in patients with kidney failure by conventional Raman spectroscopy in near infrared region. The experimental dataset was subjected to discriminant analysis with the projection on latent structures (PLS‐DA). Application of Raman spectroscopy to investigate the forearm skin in 85 adult patients with kidney failure (90 spectra) and 40 healthy adult volunteers (80 spectra) has yielded the accuracy of 0.96, sensitivity of 0.94 and specificity of 0.99 in terms of identifying the target subjects with kidney failure. The autofluorescence analysis in the near infrared region identified the patients with kidney failure among healthy volunteers of the same age group with specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy of 0.91, 0.84, and 0.88, respectively. When classifying subjects by the presence of kidney failure using the PLS‐DA method, the most informative Raman spectral bands are 1315 to 1330, 1450 to 1460, 1700 to 1800 cm−1. In general, the performed study demonstrates that for in vivo skin analysis, the conventional Raman spectroscopy can provide the basis for cost‐effective and accurate detection of kidney failure and associated metabolic changes in the skin.