bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biological reaction control using topography regulation of nanostructured titanium
Authors: Shiozawa Mayuko , Takeuchi Haruka , Akiba Yosuke , Eguchi Kaori , Akiba Nami , Aoyagi Yujin , Nagasawa Masako , Kuwae Hiroyuki , Izumi Kenji , Uoshima Katsumi , Mizuno Jun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe micro- and nanosize surface topography of dental implants has been shown to affect the growth of surrounding cells. In this study, standardized and controlled periodic nanopatterns were fabricated with nanosized surface roughness on titanium substrates, and their influence on bone marrow stromal cells investigated. Cell proliferation assays revealed that the bare substrate with a 1.7 nm surface roughness has lower hydrophilicity but higher proliferation ability than that with a 0.6 nm surface roughness. Further, with the latter substrate, directional cell growth was observed for line and groove patterns with a width of 100 nm and a height of 50 or 100 nm, but not for those with a height of 10 or 25 nm. With the smooth substrate, time-lapse microscopic analyses showed that more than 80% of the bone marrow cells on the line and groove pattern with a height of 100 nm grew and divided along the lines. As the nanosized grain structure controls the cell proliferation rate and the nanosized line and groove structure (50–100 nm) controls cell migration, division, and growth orientation, these standardized nanosized titanium structures can be used to elucidate the mechanisms by which surface topography regulates tissue responses to biomaterials.
Bit type exerts an influence on self-controlled rein tension in unridden horses
Authors: Kau Silvio , Potz Isabella Katharina , Pospisil Katharina , Sellke Lina , Schramel Johannes Peter , Peham Christian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBit configuration and acting rein forces play a crucial role in oral health and comfort of ridden horses. Although it is a big animal welfare issue, dynamic response of horses to different bits has yet not been thoroughly investigated. This convenience sample experimental study describes a model to overcome the almost uncontrollable influence of riders on rein tension and evaluates self-controlled maximum side rein tension of ten sound horses randomly bitted with a double-jointed (DJS) and a version of a Mullen mouth snaffle-bit under unridden conditions. Horses were exercised at walk and trot on a horizontal treadmill wearing custom made force-sensing resistors (FSR) equipped to side reins. FSR were synchronized with a camera-based motion analysis system providing information on amplitudes and temporal occurrence of self-controlled maximum side rein tensile forces during different phases of separated motion cycles. The DJS exhibited larger side rein tension, indicating higher bit contact. Constant temporal occurrence of monophasic maxima at walk and biphasic maxima at trot could be observed in both bits. Within the limitations of this study, application of FSR linked to side reins in unridden horses may provide a promising tool when studying subjective response of horses to different bits.
DJ-1 protects retinal pericytes against high glucose-induced oxidative stress through the Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Wanpeng , Zhao Han , Chen Baihua 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOxidative stress has been associated with the etipathogenesis of Diabetic retinopathy (DR). Studies have shown that DJ-1 plays an important role in regulating the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and resistance to oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate whether DJ-1 upregulates oxidative stress and prevents damage to retinal capillary pericytes by increasing antioxidant capacity through the Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway. Nrf2 is a redox-sensitive transcription factor that encode antioxidant enzymes and phase II metabolic enzymes, activation of Nrf2 functions is one of the critical defensive mechanisms against oxidative stress in many tissues. Our results showed after DJ-1 overexpression, apoptosis of rat retinal pericytes (RRPs) decreased, the ratio of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) to BCL2-Associated X Protein (BAX) increased, the production of ROS decreased, and the protein expression and activity of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, also called SOD2) and catalase (CAT) increased. DJ-1 overexpression activated Nrf2 expression, however, after Nrf2 silencing, apoptosis of RRPs increased, the ratio of Bcl-2 to BAX decreased, the production of ROS increased, the protein expression of MnSOD and CAT decreased, and the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NADP(H) quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) and modifier subunit (GCLM) decreased. These data suggest that enhancement of the Nrf2 pathway is a potential protective strategy for the treatment of DR. Therefore, DJ-1 may prevent high glucose-induced oxidative stress and RRPs apoptosis through the Nrf2 signaling pathway, thereby preventing the early onset and progression of DR.
Blastocyst hatching site is regularly distributed and does not influence foetal development in mice
Authors: Liu Shu-Jun , Sun Jia-Bo , Hao Xin , Han Zhe , Wen Xin , Wang Xing-Yue , Zhou Cheng-Jie , Liang Cheng-Guang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHatching out from the zona pellucida (ZP) is a crucial step for blastocyst implantation and development. However, it is still unknown whether the location of the hatching site relative to the inner cell mass (ICM) affects embryo implantation and foetal development. Here, we classified hatching blastocysts into three categories, 0° ≤ θ ≤ 30°, 30° < θ ≤ 60°, and 60° < θ ≤ 90°, in which θ is determined based on the relative position of the hatching site to the arc midpoint of the ICM. Non-surgical embryo transfer (NSET) devices were employed to evaluate blastocyst implantation and embryo development. Of 1,827 hatching blastocysts, 43.84%, 30.60%, and 21.67% were categorized as 30° < θ ≤ 60°, 0° ≤ θ ≤ 30°, and 60° < θ ≤ 90°, respectively. Embryos with different hatching sites showed no distinct differences in blastocyst implantation; surrogate female pregnancy; embryo development to term; litter size, or offspring survival, gender, or body weight. Our results indicate that mouse blastocyst hatching site is not randomly distributed. Embryo implantation and development are not correlated with the blastocyst hatching site in mice. Thus, assessment of the blastocyst hatching site should not be recommended to evaluate mouse blastocyst implantation and developmental potential.
The scaffold protein IQGAP1 is crucial for extravasation and metastasis
Authors: Hebert Jess D. , Tian Chenxi , Lamar John M. , Rickelt Steffen , Abbruzzese Genevieve , Liu Xiaotie , Hynes Richard O. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIQGAP1 is a scaffold protein involved in a range of cellular activities, including migration, invasion, adhesion and proliferation. It is also oncogenic in a variety of cancers, promoting primary tumor growth and invasiveness. However, the role of IQGAP1 in tumor progression and metastasis remains unclear. In this study, we use both knockdown and knockout of IQGAP1 to investigate its role in the metastatic cascade of both melanoma and breast cancer cells in vivo. We find that reduction of IQGAP1 expression decreases the formation of both spontaneous and experimental metastases, without limiting primary or metastatic tumor growth. Furthermore, IQGAP1 knockout significantly inhibits extravasation of tumor cells from circulation, possibly involving invadopodial function. By expressing mutant forms of IQGAP1 in a knockout context, we also determine that IQGAP1’s pro-metastatic functions are dependent on multiple domains and functions. These data demonstrate that IQGAP1 is crucial for metastasis in vivo through regulation of extravasation and suggest that it may represent a valid therapeutic target for inhibiting metastasis.
Wide Dynamic Range, Angle-Sensing, Long-Wave Infrared Detector Using Nano-Antenna Arrays
Authors: Mohammadi Elham , Ghaffari Mohammad , Behdad Nader 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe present a new technique for designing angle-sensing, long-wave infrared (LWIR) detectors. Angle detection in the proposed detector is achieved by measuring the ratio of the absorbed power in two closely-spaced, directive infrared antennas. Each directive LWIR antenna is in the form of a three-element Yagi-Uda array sharing a common reflector element with its neighbor. The structure of each antenna is optimized to act both as the collector of the infrared energy from the desired direction and as a distributed bolometer that senses the received radiation. The resistivity of each bolometer-antenna changes as a function of the absorbed power by the antenna. This change of resistance is sensed by biasing each antenna with a constant DC voltage and measuring the change of current passing through the antenna. Following this approach, by measuring the ratio of the resistance change in the two antennas, the angle of arrival of the LWIR signal can be determined. We present the design, fabrication, and measurement results of an angle-sensing detector optimized to operate at the wavelength of λ = 10.6 μm. The proposed detector has subwavelength dimensions occupying an aperture having dimensions of approximately 0.6 λ0 × 0.4λ0. The response of the detector was measured and shows the angle sensing dynamic range of 22 dB within the field of view of ±60°.
Brain Differences Associated with Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors: A Meta-Analysis of Neuroimaging Studies
Authors: Huang Xieyining , Rootes-Murdy Kelly , Bastidas Diana M. , Nee Derek E. , Franklin Joseph C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis meta-analysis aims to evaluate whether the extant literature justifies any definitive conclusions about whether and how SITBs may be associated with brain differences. A total of 77 papers (N = 4,903) published through January 1, 2019 that compared individuals with and without SITBs were included, resulting in 882 coordinates. A pooled meta-analysis assessing for general risk for SITBs indicated a lack of convergence on structural differences. When all types of control groups were considered, functional differences in the left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), right amygdala, left hippocampus, and right thalamus were significant using multi-level kernel density analysis (pcorrected < 0.05) but nonsignificant using activation-likelihood estimation. These results suggest that a propensity for internally-oriented, emotional processing coupled with under-active pain processing could potentially underlie SITBs, but additional research is needed to test this possibility. Separate analyses for types of SITBs suggested that the brain differences associated with deliberate self-harm were consistent with the overall findings. Checkered moderator effects were detected. Overall, the meta-analytic evidence was not robust. More studies are needed to reach definitive conclusions about whether SITBs are associated with brain differences.
Super-enhancer function and its application in cancer targeted therapy
Authors: Tang Faqing , Yang Zongbei , Tan Yuan , Li Yuejin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRecently, super-enhancers (SEs) have been identified as a unique type of transcriptional regulation involved in cancer development. SEs exhibit a size, high transcription factor density, and strong binding to the transcriptional machinery compared with typical enhancers. SEs play an essential role in cell growth, differentiation, and disease initiation and progression including tumorigenesis. In particular, cancer-specific SEs have been proven to be key oncogenic drivers types of tumor cells. Furthermore, it has been confirmed that cancer-specific SEs can mediate the dysregulation of signaling pathways and promote cancer cell growth. Additionally, therapeutic strategies directly targeting SE components, for example, by disrupting SE structure or inhibiting SE cofactors, have shown a good curative effect on various cancers.
The Use of the Nasometer and Interpretation of Nasalance Scores
Authors: Watterson Thomas 
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The acoustic characteristics of oral–nasal coupling (nasalization) have clinical implications for speech-language pathologists because excessive oral–nasal coupling results in a resonance disorder referred to as
hypernasality
. Nasometry is a tool that allows clinicians to measure the effect of oral–nasal coupling in the clinical setting. This clinical focus article summarizes the large volume of research on nasometry and clarifies its clinical application.

Conclusion
Although the precise relationship between the acoustics of oral–nasal coupling and the perception of hypernasality remains unclear, measuring the acoustic effects of oral–nasal coupling is useful in the evaluation and treatment of resonance disorders.
REBOA – Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta
Authors: Hilbert-Carius Peter , Hauer Thorsten , Josse Florent , Hossfeld Björn , Kulla Martin , Holsträter Thorsten , Knapp Jürgen 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungREBOA stellt eine temporäre Blutungskontrolle bei nicht komprimierbaren Körperstammblutungen des Abdomens, des Beckens oder bei stammnahen Amputationen der unteren Extremität dar. Dieses Verfahren soll in diesem Artikel genauer beleuchtet werden, da es in aktuellen Traumaleitlinien aufgeführt wird.
Die vier Schockformen – Teil 2: kardiogener Schock
Authors: Tharmaratnam Gayathiri , Wunderl Martin , Schebler Karolin , Jacko Tobias , Hossfeld Björn , Gässler Holger 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungIm 2. Teil der Schockformen-Serie wird der kardiogene Schock behandelt. Dieser tritt mit 16% prähospital genauso häufig auf wie der hypovolämische Schock und stellt eine prognostisch relevante Komplikation eines akuten kardialen Ereignisses dar 1. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, diagnostisches und therapeutisches Vorgehen beim kardiogenen Schock, die pathophysiologischen Grundlagen sowie erforderliche differenzialdiagnostische Überlegungen darzustellen.
Präklinische Einblicke in das Zusammenspiel von Mikrobiota und Verhalten
Authors: Schmidtner Anna K. , Neumann Inga D. 
Published: February 2020

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGPsychische Krankheiten treten heutzutage verstärkt auf, allerdings sind die Grundlagen und Mechanismen der Entwicklung weitestgehend unerforscht. Trotz einer erfolgreichen Behandlung bei den meisten Patienten bleiben 30 % behandlungsresistent, daher evaluiert die Forschung fortlaufend alternative Behandlungsmöglichkeiten. Neue Ergebnisse in Nagern zeigen eine veränderte Zusammensetzung der Darmmikrobiota in Tiermodellen für depressionsähnliches Verhalten und eine Adaptation des Verhaltens bei einer Manipulation derselben. Auch in depressiven Patienten ist eine Veränderung der Darmmikrobiota-Komposition zu beobachten. Die Mikrobiota-Darm-Hirn-Achse beschreibt die komplexe Kommunikation zwischen Darm und Gehirn durch verschiedenste Systeme. Eine Dysfunktion der Achsenkomponenten scheint zur Entwicklung psychischer Krankheiten beizutragen und kann daher als neue Behandlungsmöglichkeit dienen. In der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit demonstrieren wir Nachweise einer Funktion der Mikrobiota-Darm-Hirn-Achse in der Regulation von tierischem Verhalten und diskutieren den potenziellen Effekt dieser Regulation als Nutzen für die pharmakologische Intervention in Patienten.
A Study to Determine Fetal and Newborn Bonding among Postnatal Women Admitted to Selected Hospitals of Udupi District, Karnataka
Authors: Pariat Darihunlang , Shadap Arkierupaia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe emotional attachment that develops between a child and the caregiver is the first nonverbal interactive relationship of one’s life. The bonding, which develops at this stage, would determine how one would relate to people around, throughout one’s life. The aim of this study was to assess the maternal–neonatal bonding among postnatal mothers and to identify factors affecting bonding among postnatal mothers. The investigators adopted a descriptive survey research design using a purposive sampling technique to collect data from 60 postnatal mothers. Pretesting and reliability of the tool was done and it was found to be reliable. Tools were developed and sent for validation to experts. The data were collected after taking prior administrative permission and consent from the participants. The study findings show that out of 60 postnatal mothers, majority (51.6%) were in the age group of 25 to 30 years. Majority (55%) were multigravida and all (100%) were married. Majority (85.0%) of the mothers had a planned pregnancy,93.3% did not undergo any fertility treatment, and majority (91.7%) of them had a regular antenatal checkup. Of the 60 mothers, 81.6% had a high maternal–neonatal bonding and 18.3% had moderate bonding; none had low bonding. Further, the factors affecting maternal–neonatal bonding were analyzed with the cumulative bonding score. Out of the three factors, only social and emotional factors were included for simple linear regression analysis. Physical factors were excluded as there was no association with that of the cumulative bonding score (r = 0 0.16, p = 0.372). Social and emotional factors affect the maternal–neonatal bonding; with every unit change in emotional factor, there will be 0.447 unit change in the bonding score. Similarly, for every unit change in the social factor, there will be 0.453 unit change in the bonding score.
Dissolution of laves phase by re-austenitization and tempering of creep strength enhanced ferritic steel
Authors: Saini Nitin , Mulik Rahul S. , Mahapatra Manas M. , Sharma Nitin K. , Li Leijun 
Published: February 2020

Formation of Laves phase in creep strength enhanced ferritic steel is investigated using re-austenitization and tempering treatment. The as-received material is exposed to 620°C for 4560 h aging, and then re-austenitizated at 1050°C for 1 h, and followed by tempering at 760°C for different times (2 and 4 h). After re-austenitization and tempering, the dissolution of Laves phase is observed while grain size and microhardness have not changed significantly. A model is suggested to quantify the dissolution of W-containing Laves phase. Thermo-Calc is used to predict driving forces for precipitation of Laves and M23C6 phases.
Engineering considerations on extrusion-based bioprinting: interactions of material behavior, mechanical forces and cells in the printing needle
Authors: Emmermacher Julia , Spura David , Cziommer Jasmina , Kilian David , Wollborn Tobias , Fritsching Udo , Steingroewer Juliane , Walther Thomas , Gelinsky Michael , Lode Anja 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Systematic analysis of the extrusion process in 3D bioprinting is mandatory for process optimization concerning production speed, shape fidelity of the 3D construct and cell viability. In this study, we applied numerical and analytical modeling to describe the fluid flow inside the printing head based on a Herschel–Bulkley model. The presented analytical calculation method nicely reproduces the results of Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation concerning pressure drop over the printing head and maximal shear parameters at the outlet. An approach with dimensionless flow parameter enables the user to adapt rheological characteristics of a bioink, the printing pressure and needle diameter with regard to processing time, shear sensitivity of the integrated cells, shape fidelity and strand dimension. Bioinks consist of a blend of polymers and cells, which lead to a complex fluid behavior. In the present study, a bioink containing alginate, methylcellulose and agarose (AMA) was used as experimental model to compare the calculated with the experimental pressure gradient. With cultures of an immortalized human mesenchymal stem cell line and plant cells (basil) it was tested how cells influence the flow and how mechanical forces inside the printing needle affect cell viability. Influences on both sides increased with cell (aggregation) size as well as a less spherical shape. This study contributes to a systematic description of the extrusion-based bioprinting process and introduces a general strategy for process design, transferable to other bioinks.
Low-cycle fatigue behavior of Ti-6Mo-5V-3Al-2Fe alloy with various types of secondary α phase
Authors: Zhang Hao-Yu , Zhang Zhi-Peng , Li Zheng-Yuan , Sun Jie , Che Xin , Zhang Si-Qian , Liang Yu , Chen Li-Jia 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Low-cycle fatigue (LCF) behavior of a novel near β titanium alloy Ti-6Mo-5V-3Al-2Fe (wt%) with various types of secondary α phase was investigated. Results indicate that No.1 microstructure containing crossed and fine intragranular α, as well as discontinuous GB α, is obtained through low temperature (480 °C) aging treatment. No.2 microstructure containing parallel and coarse intragranular α, as well as parallel WGB α, forms after high temperature (600 °C) aging treatment. Under all strain amplitudes, stress amplitudes and LCF life of the samples with No.1 microstructure are higher than those of the samples with No.2 microstructure. For the samples with No.1 microstructure, more and deeper secondary cracks and dimples form in fatigue crack propagation and fast fracture regions, respectively. Such fatigue fracture behavior reflects a longer LCF life.
Generating large starting configurations for molecular Reverse Monte Carlo modelling of an unique non-linear optical amorphous solid
Authors: Klee B D , Paulus B , Hosokawa S , Wharmby M T , Dornsiepen E , Dehnen S , Pilgrim W-C 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
We report on the recent advances regarding the source code optimization of Reverse Monte Carlo modelling used in scattering data analysis of an amorphous molecular solid which has recently attracted attention as a new brilliant white light emitter if irradiated by a simple infrared laser diode. The algorithm used for generating random molecular starting configurations without overlapping molecules in a box with periodic boundary conditions has been accelerated by a factor of roughly 400 in a 54k atom case. The resulting bigger independent starting configurations are used to gain further insight into previously presented x-ray scattering data. New improved scattering data have been obtained, revealing new structural features in the lower Q range.
Edith Landmann-Kalischer on Aesthetic Demarcation and Normativity
Authors: Matherne Samantha 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Two perennial questions in aesthetics, among others, are the demarcation question, viz., what, if anything, distinguishes the aesthetic domain from the cognitive or moral domains, and the normative question, viz., what kind of normativity, if any, does the aesthetic domain involve. Although recent attempts to answer these questions can be found in contemporary literature, in this paper I examine the answers defended by the early phenomenologist Edith Landmann-Kalischer. I show that Landmann-Kalischer answers the demarcation question by blending together a cognitivist account of aesthetic judgment with an objectivist account of beauty, and that she builds an account of aesthetic normativity on this cognitivist and objectivist basis. I contend that her subtle and unified account of aesthetic demarcation and normativity has advantages over other competing hedonist and Kantian views and, as such, merits further consideration in contemporary debates.