bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of resveratrol application with pulp‐capping materials on the genetic expression levels of stem cells
Authors: Çelik N. , Işcan Yapar M. , Taghizadehghalehjoughi A. , Nalcı K. A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimTo evaluate in a laboratory setting the response of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to pulp‐capping materials with and without resveratrol (RSV).MethodologyFive materials, Calcimol LC, Life, TheraCal LC, ProRoot MTA and Biodentine, were prepared according to the manufacturers’ instructions. Human MSCs were then exposed to these materials, with and without RSV, for 24 h (n = 8). Cell viability was evaluated using the MTT assay, and total cell death was quantified by annexin V‐FITC staining with flow cytometry. The expression levels of the IL‐8, IL‐10, HBD‐2 and BCL‐2 genes were investigated using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). Data obtained from MTT test were analysed using one‐way anova, and Tukey’s multiple‐comparison test. The paired Student t test was employed to compare the effects of materials on gene expression (significance level of 5%).ResultsThe group cell viabilities were Calcimol LC 53%, Life 43%, TheraCal LC 78%, ProRoot MTA 75% and Biodentine 78%. Calcimol LC and Life exhibited significant differences compared with the control groups (P < 0.05). The percentages of necrotic/late apoptotic cells associated with Calcimol LC and TheraCal LC were greater than in the other materials. However, when RSV was added to wells containing materials, cell viability increased to Calcimol LC 63%, Life 52%, TheraCal LC 82%, ProRoot MTA 91% and Biodentine 96%, and the percentages of early apoptotic and late apoptotic/necrotic cells decreased. Calcimol LC + RSV and Life + RSV differed significantly from the control group (P < 0.05). The expression of IL‐8 gene was high for all materials, ProRoot MTA caused significant overexpression, and the addition of RSV reduced the expression of IL‐8 in the Calcimol LC, TheraCal LC and ProRoot MTA groups and led to increased expression of IL‐10 in the Calcimol LC, Life and Biodentine groups. HBD‐2 and BCL‐2 exhibited increased expression in ProRoot MTA with RSV (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe addition of RSV exerted a protective effect on MSCs and regulated the inflammatory process by altering the expression levels of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory genes.
Epidemiological analysis of patients with burns in third‐line hospitals in Turkey
Authors: Bahçe Zeynep Şener , Öztaş Tülin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBurns are a major health problem worldwide. Burn injury resulting from making contact with hot objects, direct or indirect contact with flame, and exposure to chemical agents or electric current is usually preventable. In this study, epidemiological data of the patients who had been hospitalised in the burn unit was assessed. The records of 1453 patients who were admitted to the burn unit of Diyarbakir Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital between July 2008 and April 2018 were retrospectively examined. Out of 1453 cases, 81.7% (1187) were children and 18.3% (266) were adults, 58.3% of the cases were male (847) and 41.7% (606) were females. Patients had a mean age of 11 ± 5 years (1‐81 years). The most common cause of burns was contact with hot liquids (82.86%) while other causes were flame burns (12.04%), electrical contact burn (3.02%) contact with chemical substances (2.06%). Most of the cases were found to have burned 10% to 20% of the body surface. Localization was most frequently seen in the lower extremity and less frequently in the upper limb, trunk, head and neck, and perineal regions. The majority of burn injuries are preventable. Therefore, epidemiological studies in the field of burns will provide vital preventive information to develop strategies to reduce injury frequency and spend on health. Because burns are a social problem, prevention efforts require social co‐operation. Promotional meetings in schools are important to increase family‐school cooperation to inform children of school age, to give lectures and first aid measures to rural areas.
A randomized clinical trial of an interactive voice response and text message intervention for individuals with hypertension
Authors: Schroeder Emily B. , Moore Kelly R. , Manson Spero M. , Baldwin Megan A. , Goodrich Glenn K. , Malone Allen S. , Pieper Lisa E. , Xu Stanley , Fort Meredith P. , Son‐Stone Linda , Johnson David , Steiner John F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInteractive voice response and text message (IVR‐T) technology may improve hypertension control in under‐resourced settings. We conducted a randomized clinical trial to determine whether an IVR‐T intervention would improve blood pressure (BP), medication adherence and visit keeping among adults with hypertension from multiple racial and ethnic groups in primary care at an Urban Indian Health Organization in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Two hundred and ninety‐five participants were randomly assigned to IVR‐T (N = 148) or to usual care (N = 147). The IVR‐T arm received reminders for clinic visits, messages to reschedule missed clinic visits, monthly medication refill reminders, weekly motivational messages, and a blood pressure cuff. The usual care arm received no messages. The primary outcome was change in systolic BP (SBP) between baseline and 12 months. Secondary outcomes included change in SBP between baseline and 6 months, change in diastolic BP (DBP) at 6 and 12 months, self‐reported adherence at 6 months, and the proportion of missed primary care clinic appointments. The intervention did not affect SBP or DBP at 6 or 12 months. The 12‐month change in SBP/DBP was 1.66/1.10 mm Hg in usual care and 0.23/1.34 mm Hg in the intervention group (P values = .57 and .88, respectively). Self‐reported medication adherence improved comparably in both groups, and there was no difference in percentage of kept visits. Several features of study design, clinic operations, and data transfer were barriers to demonstrating effectiveness.
Neutrophil extracellular trap inhibition increases inflammation, bacteraemia and mortality in murine necrotizing enterocolitis
Authors: Chaaban Hala , Burge Kathryn , Eckert Jeffrey , Keshari Ravi S. , Silasi Robert , Lupu Cristina , Warner Barbara , Escobedo Marilyn , Caplan Michael , Lupu Florea 
Published: June 2020

AbstractNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating gastrointestinal disease affecting primarily premature infants. The disease is characterized by intestinal inflammation and leucocyte infiltration, often progressing to necrosis, perforation, systemic inflammatory response and death. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), denoting nuclear DNA, histone and antimicrobial protein release, have been suggested to play a role in NEC. This study aimed to determine the role of NETs in NEC and explore the effect of chloramidine, a NET inhibitor, on a murine NEC‐like intestinal injury model. Blood and intestinal tissues were collected from infants diagnosed with ≥ Stage II NEC, and levels of nucleosomes and NETs, respectively, were compared with those of case‐matched controls. In mice, NEC was induced with dithizone/Klebsiella, and mice in the treatment group received 40 mg/kg chloramidine. Bacterial load, intestinal histology, plasma myeloperoxidase and cytokine levels, and immunofluorescent staining were compared with controls. Nucleosomes were significantly elevated in both human and mouse NEC plasma, whereas NET staining was only present in NEC tissue in both species. Chloramidine treatment increased systemic inflammation, bacterial load, organ injury and mortality in murine NEC. Taken together, our findings suggest that NETs are critical in the innate immune defence during NEC in preventing systemic bacteraemia.
Regulation of the EGFR/ErbB signalling by clathrin in response to various ligands in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Liu Yuanhui , Calmel Claire , Desbois‐Mouthon Christèle , Sobczak‐Thépot Joëlle , Karaiskou Anthi , Praz Françoise 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMembrane receptor intracellular trafficking and signalling are frequently altered in cancers. Our aim was to investigate whether clathrin‐dependent trafficking modulates signalling of the ErbB receptor family in response to amphiregulin (AR), EGF, heparin‐binding EGF‐like growth factor (HB‐EGF) and heregulin‐1β (HRG). Experiments were performed using three hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines, Hep3B, HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5, expressing various levels of EGFR, ErbB2 and ErbB3. Inhibition of clathrin‐mediated endocytosis (CME), by down‐regulating clathrin heavy chain expression, resulted in a cell‐ and ligand‐specific pattern of phosphorylation of the ErbB receptors and their downstream effectors. Clathrin down‐regulation significantly decreased the ratio between phosphorylated EGFR (pEGFR) and total EGFR in all cell lines when stimulated with AR, EGF, HB‐EGF or HRG, except in HRG‐stimulated Hep3B cells in which pEGFR was not detectable. The ratio between phosphorylated ErbB2 and total ErbB2 was significantly decreased in clathrin down‐regulated Hep3B cells stimulated with any of the ligands, and in HRG‐stimulated PLC/PRF/5 cells. The ratio between phosphorylated ErbB3 and total ErbB3 significantly decreased in clathrin down‐regulated cell lines upon stimulation with EGF or HB‐EGF. STAT3 phosphorylation levels significantly increased in all cell lines irrespective of stimulation, while that of AKT remained unchanged, except in AR‐stimulated Hep3B and HepG2 cells in which pAKT was significantly decreased. Finally, ERK phosphorylation was insensitive to clathrin inhibition. Altogether, our observations indicate that clathrin regulation of ErbB signalling in HCC is a complex process that likely depends on the expression of ErbB family members and on the autocrine/paracrine secretion of their ligands in the tumour environment.
Hidden genetic variance contributes to increase the short‐term adaptive potential of selfing populations
Authors: CLO Josselin , Ronfort Joëlle , Abu Awad Diala 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStanding genetic variation is considered a major contributor to the adaptive potential of species. The low heritable genetic variation observed in self‐fertilizing populations has led to the hypothesis that species with this mating system would be less likely to adapt. However, a non‐negligible amount of cryptic genetic variation for polygenic traits, accumulated through negative linkage disequilibrium, could prove to be an important source of standing variation in self‐fertilizing species. To test this hypothesis, we simulated populations under stabilizing selection subjected to an environmental change. We demonstrate that, when the mutation rate is high (but realistic), selfing populations are better able to store genetic variance than outcrossing populations through genetic associations, notably due to the reduced effective recombination rate associated with predominant selfing. Following an environmental shift, this diversity can be partially remobilized, which increases the additive variance and adaptive potential of predominantly (but not completely) selfing populations. In such conditions, despite initially lower observed genetic variance, selfing populations adapt as readily as outcrossing ones within a few generations. For low mutation rates, purifying selection impedes the storage of diversity through genetic associations, in which case, as previously predicted, the lower genetic variance of selfing populations results in lower adaptability compared to their outcrossing counterparts. The population size and the mutation rate are the main parameters to consider, as they are the best predictors of the amount of stored diversity in selfing populations. Our results and their impact on our knowledge of adaptation under high selfing rates are discussed.
Novel hepatitis B virus infection mouse model using herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase transgenic mice
Authors: Kanbe Ayumu , Ishikawa Tetsuya , Hara Akira , Suemizu Hiroshi , Nanizawa Eri , Tamaki Yuki , Ito Hiroyasu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground and AimThe chronicity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the result of impaired HBV‐specific immune responses that cannot eliminate or cure the infected hepatocytes efficiently. Previous studies have used immunodeficient mice such as herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase NOD/Scid/IL2Rrnull (HSV‐TK‐NOG) mice. However, it is difficult to analyze the immune response in the previous models. In the present study, we established a novel HBV infection model using herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV‐TK) mice in which the host immune system was not impaired.MethodsHerpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase mice were injected intraperitoneally with ganciclovir (GCV). Seven days after GCV injection, GCV‐treated mice were transplanted with 1 × 106 hepatocytes from HBV‐transgenic (HBV‐Tg) mice.ResultsSerum alanine aminotransferase levels in HSV‐TK mice increased 1 and 2 weeks after GCV injection. The number and viability of hepatocytes from the whole liver of HBV‐Tg mice significantly increased using digestion medium containing liberase. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐positive areas in the liver tissue were observed for at least 20 weeks after HBsAg‐positive hepatocyte transplantation. In addition, we measured HBsAg in the serum after transplantation. HBsAg levels in HBV‐Tg hepatocyte‐replaced mice increased 4 weeks after transplantation. Furthermore, we examined the immune response in HSV‐TK mice. The increase in hepatitis B surface antibody levels in replaced mice was maintained for 20 weeks. Also, interferon‐γ‐producing cells were increased in non‐replaced mice.ConclusionsA novel HBV infection mouse model will help to understand the mechanisms of HBV tolerance similar to human chronic HBV‐infected patients and can be used to develop a new strategy to treat chronic HBV infection.
Comparison of life‐behavior‐promoting mobilization care with walking‐only mobilization care in post‐gastrointestinal surgery patients: A quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Katogi Masashi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimThis study evaluated the effects of a new form of mobilization care called life‐behavior‐promotion care by comparing its effectiveness with that of conventional mobilization care, which promotes only walking.MethodsThis was a quasi‐experimental study that non‐randomly allocated post‐gastrointestinal surgery patients from a surgical ward into two groups: conventional care and life‐behavior‐promotion care. The participants received their respective care from ward nurses for the first 3 postoperative days and were asked to wear a pedometer and answer a self‐administered questionnaire concerning these first 3 days. In addition, time to recover gastrointestinal function, time to completion of oxygen administration, and the number of days to achieve discharge criteria were collected from medical records.ResultsOverall, 23 participants in the conventional‐care group and 19 in the life‐behavior‐promotion‐care group were analyzed. The latter group performed significantly more types of out‐of‐bed life behaviors during the 3 postoperative days. Among the questionnaire items concerning awareness of recovery, an interaction between intervention and length of postoperative days was confirmed for items reading “I was interested in surrounding events” and “I could spend a day like myself.” In addition, in the life‐behavior‐promotion‐care group, time to completion of oxygen administration was significantly shorter, and it took fewer days to achieve discharge criteria.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that life‐behavior‐promotion care may promote out‐of‐bed life behaviors during the early postoperative period, and may improve mental and physical recovery in patients who have undergone gastrointestinal surgery.Clinical Trial RegistrationThe study was registered in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (trial ID: UMIN000021883).
Iterative thermodynamic modelling—Part 1: A theoretical scoring technique and a computer program (Bingo‐Antidote)
Authors: Duesterhoeft Erik , Lanari Pierre 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper introduces the software solution Bingo‐Antidote for thermodynamic calculations at equilibrium based on iterative thermodynamic models. It describes a hybrid strategy combining the strength of Gibbs energy minimization (GEM) and inverse thermobarometry models based on the comparison between the modelled and observed mineral assemblage, modes and compositions. The overall technique relies on quantitative compositional maps acquired by electron probe micro‐analyser for obtaining a mutually consistent set of observed data such as bulk rock and mineral compositions. Thus it offers the opportunity to investigate metamorphic rocks on a microscale. The scoring part Bingo integrates three statistical model quality factors

for the assemblage,

for the mineral modes,

for the mineral compositions combined in a global evaluation criterion

that quantifies how the model reproduces the observations for the investigated volume. The input parameters of GEM affecting the model quality such as pressure, temperature and eventually some components of the bulk composition (e.g. the molar amount of hydrogen, carbon or oxygen) or activity variables of fluids and gases (e.g.

,

, f(O2)) can be optimized by inversion in Antidote using several mapping stages followed by a direct search optimization. Examples of iterative models based on compositional maps processed with Bingo‐Antidote demonstrate the utility of the program. In contrast to the qualitative interpretation of phase diagrams, the inversion maximizes the benefits of GEM and permits the derivation of statistically ‘optimal’ pressure–temperature conditions for well‐equilibrated samples. In addition, Bingo‐Antidote opens new avenues for petrological investigations such as the generation of chemical potential landscape maps.
Usefulness of home‐use microneedle devices in the treatment of pattern hair loss
Authors: Sohng Chihyeon , Lee Eun Hye , Woo Soo Kyeong , Kim Jun Young , Park Kyung Duck , Lee Seok‐Jong , Lee Weon Ju 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundMicroneedle devices have been used to reduce scarring and wrinkling as well as for the treatment of pattern hair loss.AimsHere, we investigated the efficacy and safety of a newly developed home‐use microneedle device for the treatment of pattern hair loss.MethodsTwenty‐nine patients were assigned into three groups based on block randomization: home‐use microneedle device only, a combination of home‐use microneedle device and 5% minoxidil solution and 5% minoxidil topical solution only. Each treatment was performed twice a week. The study outcomes included hair counts, patient self‐assessments, and adverse events at baseline and at 6 months. Statistical analyses were performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), repeated measures ANOVA and Kruskal‐Wallis test.ResultsThe improvements in hair count were seen in the combination group at month 6, but the differences observed did not reach statistical significance in each group and among the three groups. The patient self‐assessment showed the highest score in the combination group, but it did not reveal a statistically significant difference among the three groups. Mild and transient pruritus were reported by one patient who was using the microneedle device only.ConclusionsOur study shows that the home‐use microneedle device may be a safe and 5% minoxidil solution penetration‐enhancing therapeutic modality for stimulating hair growth.
Clinical presentation and diagnostic delay in pemphigus vulgaris: A prospective study from Turkey
Authors: Daltaban Özlem , Özçentik Aslı , Akman Karakaş Ayşe , Üstün Kemal , Hatipoğlu Mükerrem , Uzun Soner 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the diagnostic patterns and factors that may influence delays in the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) with oral involvement.Materials and MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, 36 newly diagnosed PV patients with oral involvement were clinically examined and interviewed about the natural history of the oral lesions, number of medical consultations (Med consultation), medical treatment history, and diagnostic delay time (DD time).ResultsThirty (83%) PV patients presented initially with oral mucosal involvement (OMI) and 6 (17%) presented initially with skin involvement (SI). The mean DD time was 6.19 ± 3.82 months, and the mean number of Med consultation was 5.8 (n = 36). The means of all the parameters were significantly higher for the OMI patients than for the SI patients (P < .05). All of the patients with OMI had been misdiagnosed. The DD time was significantly longer in patients who presented initially with desquamative gingivitis (8.25 ± 3.81) than patients who presented with ulcers and erosions (4.78 ± 1.11) (P < .05). There was a statistically significant positive correlation between DD time and Med consultation (r = 0.91).ConclusionEven with the high frequency of oral involvement and easy access to the oral cavity, diagnostic delays are still common for patients with oral PV. This underlines the need for education to improve healthcare providers' awareness and knowledge of the clinical oral presentation of PV.
Adolescents’ Narratives of Schadenfreude
Authors: Peplak Joanna , Ali Shazza Y. , Malti Tina 
Published: June 2020

This study explored the experiential determinants of schadenfreude, how schadenfreude changes as a function of relationship, and how recollections of schadenfreude may vary by age. Using a narrative approach, 12‐ and 15‐year‐olds (N = 60) described times they felt schadenfreude toward various peers and adults. We coded their responses to extract information regarding preceding misfortunes and underlying reasons for schadenfreude. We found that adolescents' schadenfreude often involved another’s physical harm and failure, and was rooted in reasons of deservingness and personal gain. There were unique trends in the types of misfortunes and reasons mentioned toward each target of interest. Finally, deservingness reasoning was prominent within 15‐year‐olds’ schadenfreude experiences. The findings are discussed in relation to adolescents’ emotional experiences in conflict situations.
Ultrasonographic assessment of the effect of metoclopramide, erythromycin, and exenatide on solid‐phase gastric emptying in healthy cats
Authors: Husnik Roman , Gaschen Frederic P. , Fletcher Jon M. , Gaschen Lorrie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAvailable data on the effect of gastrointestinal motility‐modifying drugs in cats are limited. Most recommendations for drug usage and dosage are based on collective clinical experience.ObjectivesTo assess the effects of metoclopramide, erythromycin, and exenatide on gastric emptying (GE) and gastric motility in comparison to placebo. We hypothesized that metoclopramide and erythromycin would have prokinetic gastric effects, whereas exenatide would prolong GE times and decrease the motility index (MI) of antral contractions.AnimalsEight healthy domestic shorthair cats.MethodsEach cat had 4 separate ultrasonographic assessments. In a prospective, randomized, double‐blind, 4‐way crossover design, cats received placebo, metoclopramide, erythromycin, or exenatide for 2 days followed by a minimum 5‐day washout period. Ultrasonographic GE times and MI were compared to placebo.ResultsWhen compared to placebo, the rate of GE was significantly faster after administration of metoclopramide and erythromycin. Significant differences were found at all fractions of GE after administration of erythromycin and all but 1 fraction after metoclopramide when compared to placebo. The rate of GE in the first half of the GE curve was significantly slower after exenatide administration. The total area under the Ml curve was significantly larger after administration of metoclopramide and erythromycin than after placebo.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceMetoclopramide and erythromycin shorten GE times and increase the MI of antral contractions, thus having a prokinetic effect in the stomach of healthy cats, whereas exenatide causes an initial delay in GE.