bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DJ-1 is indispensable for the S-nitrosylation of Parkin, which maintains function of mitochondria
Authors: Ozawa Kentaro , Tsumoto Hiroki , Miura Yuri , Yamaguchi Junji , Iguchi-Ariga Sanae M. M. , Sakuma Tetsushi , Yamamoto Takashi , Uchiyama Yasuo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe DJ-1 gene, a causative gene for familial Parkinson’s disease (PD), has been reported to have various functions, including transcriptional regulation, antioxidant response, and chaperone and protease functions; however, the molecular mechanism associated with the pathogenesis of PD remains elusive. To further explore the molecular function of DJ-1 in the pathogenesis of PD, we compared protein expression profiles in brain tissues from wild-type and DJ-1-deficient mice. Two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis analysis and subsequent analysis using data mining methods revealed alterations in the expression of molecules associated with energy production. We demonstrated that DJ-1 deletion inhibited S-nitrosylation of endogenous Parkin as well as overexpressed Parkin in neuroblastoma cells and mouse brain tissues. Thus, we used genome editing to generate neuroblastoma cells with DJ-1 deletion or S-nitrosylated cysteine mutation in Parkin and demonstrated that these cells exhibited similar phenotypes characterized by enhancement of cell death under mitochondrial depolarization and dysfunction of mitochondria. Our data indicate that DJ-1 is required for the S-nitrosylation of Parkin, which positively affects mitochondrial function, and suggest that the denitrosylation of Parkin via DJ-1 inactivation might contribute to PD pathogenesis and act as a therapeutic target.
Leaf structure and seed histochemistry analyses provided structural insights into the improved yield and quality of tree peony seed under light shading conditions
Authors: Han Chenjing , Yu Mei , Wang Qi , Wang Lei , Yang Haiping , Zhao Yongjun , Dong Hezhong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn biology, structure is the basis of function. For plants, changes in their physiological and ecological functions are usually caused by structural changes. To understand how shading conditions change the plant structures, thereby providing structural insights into the improved yield and quality, oilseed tree peony were shaded with different densities of polyethylene nets from 28 days after pollination (DAP) until harvesting. The thickness of the leaf (LT), vein (VT), upper epidermis (UET), lower epidermis (LET), palisade tissue (PT), sponge tissue (ST), as well as the accumulation and distribution of starch, protein, and fat, were observed at 14-day intervals. The results showed that shading had a significant effect on the anatomical structure of the leaves. In the rapid growth period (before 70 DAP), the LT, ET, and VT under shading were significantly lower than under non-shading. During this period, the accumulation of starch and protein under shading was lower than that under non-shading. At the maturation period (99–112 DAP), the LT and PT under shading were higher than under non-shading, indicating that light shading delayed leaf senescence and increased photosynthetic capacity. Shading delayed the degradation of the integument cells and prolonged seed development and nutrient accumulation.
Edgetic perturbation signatures represent known and novel cancer biomarkers
Authors: Kataka Evans , Zaucha Jan , Frishman Goar , Ruepp Andreas , Frishman Dmitrij 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIsoform switching is a recently characterized hallmark of cancer, and often translates to the loss or gain of domains mediating protein interactions and thus, the re-wiring of the interactome. Recent computational tools leverage domain-domain interaction data to resolve the condition-specific interaction networks from RNA-Seq data accounting for the domain content of the primary transcripts expressed. Here, we used The Cancer Genome Atlas RNA-Seq datasets to generate 642 patient-specific pairs of interactomes corresponding to both the tumor and the healthy tissues across 13 cancer types. The comparison of these interactomes provided a list of patient-specific edgetic perturbations of the interactomes associated with the cancerous state. We found that among the identified perturbations, select sets are robustly shared between patients at the multi-cancer, cancer-specific and cancer sub-type specific levels. Interestingly, the majority of the alterations do not directly involve significantly mutated genes, nevertheless, they strongly correlate with patient survival. The findings (available at EdgeExplorer: “http://webclu.bio.wzw.tum.de/EdgeExplorer”) are a new source of potential biomarkers for classifying cancer types and the proteins we identified are potential anti-cancer therapy targets.
A systematic review of the applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning in autoimmune diseases
Authors: Stafford I. S. , Kellermann M. , Mossotto E. , Beattie R. M. , MacArthur B. D. , Ennis S. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAutoimmune diseases are chronic, multifactorial conditions. Through machine learning (ML), a branch of the wider field of artificial intelligence, it is possible to extract patterns within patient data, and exploit these patterns to predict patient outcomes for improved clinical management. Here, we surveyed the use of ML methods to address clinical problems in autoimmune disease. A systematic review was conducted using MEDLINE, embase and computers and applied sciences complete databases. Relevant papers included “machine learning” or “artificial intelligence” and the autoimmune diseases search term(s) in their title, abstract or key words. Exclusion criteria: studies not written in English, no real human patient data included, publication prior to 2001, studies that were not peer reviewed, non-autoimmune disease comorbidity research and review papers. 169 (of 702) studies met the criteria for inclusion. Support vector machines and random forests were the most popular ML methods used. ML models using data on multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease were most common. A small proportion of studies (7.7% or 13/169) combined different data types in the modelling process. Cross-validation, combined with a separate testing set for more robust model evaluation occurred in 8.3% of papers (14/169). The field may benefit from adopting a best practice of validation, cross-validation and independent testing of ML models. Many models achieved good predictive results in simple scenarios (e.g. classification of cases and controls). Progression to more complex predictive models may be achievable in future through integration of multiple data types.
Extracellular DNA in blood products and its potential effects on transfusion
Authors: Yang Li , Yang Dongmei , Yang Qian , Cheng Fu , Huang Yuanshuai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Blood transfusions are sometimes necessary after a high loss of blood due to injury or surgery. Some people need regular transfusions due to medical conditions such as haemophilia or cancer. Studies have suggested that extracellular DNA including mitochondrial DNA present in the extracellular milieu of transfused blood products has biological actions that are capable of activating the innate immune systems and potentially contribute to some adverse reactions in transfusion. From the present work, it becomes increasingly clear that extracellular DNA encompassed mitochondrial DNA is far from being biologically inert in blood products. It has been demonstrated to be present in eligible blood products and thus can be transfused to blood recipients. Although the presence of extracellular DNA in human plasma was initially detected in 1948, some aspects have not been fully elucidated. In this review, we summarize the potential origins, clearance mechanisms, relevant structures, and potential role of extracellular DNA in the innate immune responses and its relationship with individual adverse reactions in transfusion.
Effect of addition of coal sludge to polymeric material on thermal effects in analysis by TG/DTG/DSC methods
Authors: Kijo-Kleczkowska Agnieszka , Gnatowski Adam , Szumera Magdalena , Otwinowski Henryk , Kwiatkowski Dariusz , Suchecki Łukasz 
Published: March 2020

The paper presents the application of thermal analysis methods in the study of various materials: coal sludge, polymeric material and composites of a polymer with coal sludge (fraction of coal sludge in composites: 1%, 3% and 5%). TG/DTG/DSC curves obtained during measurements in air atmosphere were analyzed. Polymers are used in many industries, that is why their thermal characteristics are so important. On the other hand, the mining industry, forced to supply power plants better quality fuel, must perform more thorough coal cleaning. This results in a continuous increase in waste in the form of coal sludge. The best method of disposing of these wastes is thermal utilisation (combustion and co-combustion), as well as use in composites with other materials.
The aim of the study was to demonstrate the effect of the addition of coal sludge to the polymer on the energetic effect and the rate of mass change of the material sample during the thermal process by TG/DTG/DSC methods.
Education and research in the field of renewable sources of energy in the Centre Of Sustainable Development And Energy Savings WGGIOS AGH in Miekinia
Authors: Górecki Wojciech , Kotyza Jarosław , Hałaj Elżbieta , Luboń Wojciech , Pełka Grzegorz , Sowiżdżał Anna , Dawiec Dominika , Smaczna Paulina , Malik Daniel 
Published: March 2020

The Centre of Sustainable Development and Energy Savings of the Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection of AGH University of Science and Technology in Miekinia conducts research and educational activities in the field of renewable sources of energy, geothermal heat pumps especially. Growing interest in using the renewable energy sources (RES) is reflected upon the interest in such a discipline of studies. Many people declare intention of studying RES. This is a modern discipline, opened at AGH University of Science and Technology in 2003 as the first in Poland. Since 2012, when the Centre was open ca. 8000 people (including students, pupils, local governments and communities) were educated here. Not only geothermal energy is a main focus attention field. In the Centre other renewable sources of energy are also researched. This include solar energy (both photovoltaic and thermal), solid fuel boilers and wind energy.
The Centre is heated by heat pumps with ground sources which are simultaneously use by students for practice and measurements. There are didactic heat pumps with temperature and pressure sensors and electric meters to be used by students during measurements. The Centre is in disposal of self-constructed Thermal Response Test device for thermal parameters measurements. In a stand for testing ground-source brine heat pumps for central heating and hot domestic water preparation research are conducted on the COP heat pump efficiency in accordance with the PN-EN 14511 standard. The Centre works on the prototyping of new, innovative heat pumps.
Blocs allogéniques d’origine fémorale en apposition horizontale : indications, intérêts et apport de la modélisation 3D
Authors: Milliez S. 
Published: March 2020

Lefficacité clinique de blocs cortico-spongieux dallogreffe osseuse provenant de tête fémorale lors de greffe osseuse horizontale avant la pose d’implants dentaires est aujourdhui rapportée par de nombreuses études. La stabilité dans le temps de ces blocs osseux est parfois remise en cause. Le type de greffon (spongieux ou cortico-spongieux) et la chaine technologique utilisée pour traiter les blocs allogéniques sont des éléments primordiaux de la qualité du greffon.
La modélisation 3D des blocs allogéniques est une avancée significative en chirurgie pré-implantaire en adaptant le greffon allogénique à la morphologie du défaut osseux même important sur le cone beam pré-opératoire. Nous verrons les différentes étapes nécessaires à sa mise en place.
Recent Advances in Photocatalytic Decarboxylative Coupling Reactions in Medicinal Chemistry
Authors: McMurray Lindsay , McGuire Thomas M. , Howells Rachel L. 
Published: March 2020

This review covers recent advances in decarboxylative photocatalysis applicable to the medicinal chemist. The review is not intended to be exhaustive, but instead is focussed on transformations that could be useful in the synthesis of drug-like compounds in order to highlight the utility of this methodology in the development of new pharmaceutical candidates.1	Introduction2	C–C Bond Formation3	C–N and C–O Bond Formation4	Fluorination and Trifluoromethylation5	Hydrodecarboxylation6	Protein Functionalisation7	Conclusion
Dose Intensified Chemoradiation and Intraluminal Brachytherapy Improve Outcomes in Middle Third Carcinoma Esophagus: Experience from a Regional Cancer Center
Authors: R. Tanvirpasha C. , P. Siddanna R. , V. Bindu , T. Naveen , V. Lokesh 
Published: March 2020

Introduction Esophageal cancer is known for its poor outcome despite multimodality treatment. In this study, we report our experience with concurrent capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy followed by intraluminal brachytherapy (ILBT) for middle third esophageal cancer.
Materials and Methods Twenty patients of histology-proven middle third esophageal cancer were treated with 45 Gray (Gy)/25 fraction (fr) of external beam radiation on telecobalt using two-dimensional technique with concurrent cisplatin 40 mg/m2 weekly with five such cycles along with tablet capecitabine 825 mg/m2 twice daily for the first 2 weeks and last 2 weeks of radiotherapy. This was followed by ILBT of 4 Gy × 3 fr placed 1 week apart from a total biologically effective dose of 60 Gy. Patients were followed up with clinical examination and serial barium swallow to assess response and toxicity.
Results Out of 20 patients, disease-free survival at 2 years was 60%. At 5 years, the actuarial survival was 47% with five patients alive and two patients lost to follow-up at 3 years. One patient had grade 3 toxicity in the form of tracheoesophageal fistula (5%). Two patients had distal failure. Two patients had second primary tumor in the upper aerodigestive tract at the end of 7 years.
Conclusion A combination of chemotherapy with cisplatin and capecitabine given concurrently with radical radiation therapy followed by ILBT boost is a safe and feasible protocol in the treatment of carcinoma esophagus involving middle third of esophagus. The local control and survival are comparable to historical studies with minimal toxicity.
Cystic Vestibular Schwannomas and Post–Gamma Knife Radiosurgery-Induced Necrosis of Vestibular Schwannomas: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature
Authors: Ravikanth Reddy , Majumdar Pooja , Pinto Denver Steven 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCystic vestibular schwannomas (VS) form a rare subgroup that differs from the solid variant clinically and radiologically. Certain unique features reported in cystic VS are larger size, presentation with atypical initial symptoms such as dysgeusia, vertigo, facial pain and gait unsteadiness, short duration of symptoms, rapid progression of symptoms or sudden deterioration and frequent involvement of facial nerve. Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is a safe and effective treatment for VS, achieving tumor control and resulting in a very low morbidity rate. Here, we described two cases of cystic vestibular schwannomas prior to GKRS and their radiological appearances post-GKRS.
Twin-chain polymer hydrogels based on poly(vinyl alcohol) as new advanced tool for the cleaning of modern and contemporary art
Authors: Mastrangelo Rosangela , Chelazzi David , Poggi Giovanna , Fratini Emiliano , Pensabene Buemi Luciano , Petruzzellis Maria Laura , Baglioni Piero 
Published: March 2020

SignificanceFrom the earliest cave paintings of mankind, to Renaissance frescos and modern art masterpieces, the preservation of surfaces against soiling and degradation is fundamental to transfer such a vast heritage to future generations. However, traditional cleaning methods are often invasive and risky. We overcame these limitations by designing a cleaning system in the framework of colloid and materials science. We formulated twin-chain hydrogels with ideal mechanical properties, retentiveness, and interconnected porosity, allowing adhesion to rough and textured paint layers, and controlled wetting of surfaces, granting safe removal of soil. The gels were used to clean two Jackson Pollock masterpieces, recovering their visual aspect, marking a turning point in the field of conservation of important collections worldwide.
Trilingual Blunders: Signboards, Social Media, and Transnational Sri Lankan Tamil Publics
Authors: Davis Christina P. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn Sri Lanka all public signs are required by law to be in Sinhala, Tamil, and English. This article investigates the multiple, clashing ways that Sri Lankan Tamil speakers (Tamils and Muslims) living in-country and abroad interpret Tamil signage blunders in relation to the position of ethnic minorities in the postwar nation. I incorporate ethnographic interviews to examine how three Tamil speakers made sense of a signboard, displayed in several government buses in Colombo, in which the Tamil portion read “reserved for pregnant dogs” instead of “reserved for pregnant mothers.” I situate their responses in an account of the circulation of Tamil signage errors on Facebook. I argue that Tamil speakers’ disparate interpretations reflect contrasting semiotic ideologies concerning the intentionality of the blunders and the relationship between the posted signboard images and lived sociolinguistic practices (Keane 2003, 2018), which have implications for imagined postwar futures and transnational Tamil political activism.
Figure (of Personhood) Drawing: Scaffolding Signing and Signers in Nepal
Authors: Hoffmann-Dilloway Erika 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article explores how the affordances of pictorial representations of sign language forms (as enacted by illustrated signers) impact institutional processes of enskillment to sign language use. First, I attend to the participation framework roles such images inhabit in processes through which deaf teachers work to socialize novice signers to control the viewpoint reversals fundamental to local signing practices. I then explore how novice signers’ participant roles in relation to these images shift as they transition from animating the pictorially represented signs to performing them in ways aimed at yielding identification with the portrayed figures of personhood. Finally, through an analysis of a pictorially illustrated Nepali Sign Language version of Nepal’s new national anthem, I show how the particulars of such figures have shifted in response to dramatic political changes following Nepal’s Maoist Civil War.
Resonant microwaves probing acoustic waves from an RF plasma jet
Authors: Platier B , Staps T J A , Hak C C J M , Beckers J , IJzerman W L 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Microwave cavity resonance spectroscopy is introduced and demonstrated as a new approach to investigate the generation of acoustic waves by a pulsed radio-frequency driven atmospheric-pressure plasma jet. Thanks to recent advancements in the diagnostic method, the lower detection limit for pressure changes in air is ∼0.3 Pa. Good agreement with conventional pressure transducer measurements with respect to the temporal evolution, the pressure amplitude and the spectral response is found. Fourier analysis revealed that the acoustic waves induced by the plasma can most likely be attributed to standing waves in the discharge geometry. Additionally, the plasma-induced acoustic waves of a few (tens of) Pa are proposed as an active mechanism in plasma medicine.
Two-body abrasive wear behavior of woven basalt fabric reinforced epoxy and polyester composites
Authors: Chairman C Anand , Thirumaran B , Babu S P Kumaresh , Ravichandran M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The current research work focused on the abrasive wear behavior of the basalt fabric as reinforcement in epoxy and polyester composites. Traditional hand-layup technique is used to manufacture the composites. The mechanical characteristics of the basalt fiber reinforced composites have been reported. The two body abrasive wear behavior of the fabricated composites was conducted by using pin/ball on disc tester TR-20 disc equipment. Test were conducted at two different load of 5 N and 10 N, for various sliding distances of 25 m to 100 m at equal intervals with 400 grade grit of particle size 35 μm. Wear resistance of the composites were determined by calculated the specific wear rate of the composites. Basalt fiber as reinforcement in epoxy composites showed better wear resistance than basalt fiber as reinforcement in polyester composites. Wear mechanism of worn samples is conducted by using the Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
Hydrothermal-solid state synthesis of Gadolinium aluminate nano whiskers with alkaline mineralizer
Authors: Qi Pengyuan , Zhong Jingyu , Dai Shiyu , Ma Weimin , Jiang Lili 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Gadolinium aluminate (GdAlO3, GAP) nano whiskers were synthesized by the hydrothermal-solid state method, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) were employed to analyze the phase change and the nucleation mechanism of GAP during calcing process. The results show that the precursor of GAP prepared by hydrothermal is (NH4)xGdAl(OH)y(NO3)z·nH2O. When the calcination temperature is higher than 900 °C, the precursor recrystallizes, forming the needle shape GAP under the synergistic effect factors. The best preparation conditions are as follows: ammonia water as mineralizer, pH = 9, calcination temperature 1100 °C and holding time 3 h.
Development of nutrition counselling resources for family medicine using the knowledge to action framework
Authors: Fitzgerald Jodi D , Andrade Jeanette M , Curl Sarah L , Smith Elena B , Torna Elena , Nelson Danielle S 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundObesity within the USA is a public health crisis. Nutrition counselling in primary care is an effective yet underutilized intervention because of both health care professional (HCP) barriers and patient barriers.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to: (i) identify HCP and patient perceptions, needs and barriers surrounding nutrition counselling, (ii) develop nutrition resources for HCPs and patients and (iii) assess utility of the approach.MethodsPaper surveys were completed by 48 HCPs (response rate: 63.2%) and 185 patients in five family medicine clinics. Based on results, nutrition resources were developed and integrated into the electronic medical record. To assess utility, paper surveys were completed by 25 HCPs (response rate: 32.9%) after 4 weeks. Results were presented as descriptive statistics.ResultsBoth HCPs and patients indicated that nutrition counselling is necessary to improve dietary behaviours, but barriers prevented HCPs from providing counselling and patients from improving dietary behaviours. HCPs indicated that improved patient handouts (74.5%), community nutrition classes (72.3%) and community cooking classes (63.8%) could enhance nutrition counselling. Patients identified that coupons and discounts (45.5%), sample meal plans and recipes (44.3%) and websites for recipes, grocery guides, and cooking videos (35.9%) would help them to consume a healthy diet. Patient education handouts, patient resource guides and HCP education were created. Following receipt, most HCPs (85%) indicated that the resources enhanced their nutrition counselling.ConclusionsHCP and patient barriers to nutrition counselling are multiple and varied. Design and implementation of an approach tailored to stakeholders’ needs have potential to improve nutrition counselling in primary care.