bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can regional collaborative innovation improve innovation efficiency? An empirical study of Chinese cities
Authors: Fan Fei , Lian Huan , Wang Song 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe relationship between collaborative innovation and innovation efficiency has attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. However, few studies have integrated intra‐regional and inter‐regional collaborative innovations (IRCI) into a unified framework to analyze the overall impact of regional innovation efficiency. To fill this gap, this paper uses an improved Data Envelopment Analysis Model to measure the innovation efficiency of Chinese cities from 2003 to 2016 based on the regional innovation capability. Using the Coupling Coordination Degree Model to measure the degree of intra‐regional collaborative innovation, we constructed a Capability Structure Model to measure the degree of IRCI, then used the Spatial Durbin Model to empirically analyze the influence of intra‐regional and IRCI on regional innovation efficiency. The results show that: (a) both intra‐regional and IRCI promote regional innovation efficiency, but the internal factors are the primary influences on regional innovation efficiency; (b) intra‐regional collaborative innovation not only promotes local regional innovation efficiency but also promotes innovation efficiency in other regions effectively, although its driving effect on the local region is higher than on other regions; (c) there is a time lag in promoting regional innovation efficiency through the cooperation and interaction among innovation in knowledge, technological, industrial, and service, and environment capabilities. The regional innovation capacities can result in good collaborative innovation effects only after a certain period of cooperation.
Errors in egg‐laying by female Common CuckooCuculus canorusin nests of its common host
Authors: Honza Marcel , Požgayová Milica , Procházka Petr , Koleček Jaroslav 
Published: December 2019

Dozens of studies have documented that brood parasites are well adapted to a brood parasitic lifestyle but not all parasitism events are successful. Co‐evolution between brood parasites and their hosts is a dynamic process so it is reasonable to expect that a female brood parasite may commit errors during egg deposition by laying her eggs outside the laying period of the host, with consequent impacts on her fitness. Using an extensive dataset from a long‐term study, we evaluated egg‐laying patterns and errors related to the timing of egg‐laying in the Common CuckooCuculus canorus(hereafter ‘Cuckoo’). Specifically, we tested whether the Cuckoo avoids laying before or on the day of host clutch initiation to reduce the risk of rejection of parasitic eggs, whether laying errors will be more frequent in periods with a lack of active host nests, and whether the laying errors will be more frequent in periods with intense Cuckoo parasitism and a consequent lack of suitable host nests. We found that about one‐third of Cuckoo eggs were laid on the host clutch initiation day or 1 day before, and the percentage of Cuckoo eggs laid decreased thereafter. Surprisingly, the probability of Cuckoo egg acceptance by the hosts was not affected by the egg‐laying stage of the host clutch. Errors in the timing of egg‐laying with fatal consequences (i.e. those precluding Cuckoo hatching because of laying in incubated or deserted clutches) were recorded in about 5% of cases. Only laying date of a Cuckoo egg had a significant effect on the probability of errors, which increased during the breeding season. This may be related to the higher number of deserted and incubated host nests at the site at the end of the breeding season. Errors in egg‐laying may be attributed to young and inexperienced females but also impaired body condition or intraspecific competition may cause this behaviour. Future studies, which will test these possible explanations, will help to understand better the mechanism of co‐evolutionary arms races and differences between host specialist and generalist brood parasites in various host–parasite systems.
Clinicopathological features of malignant urachal tumor: A hospital‐based cancer registry data in Japan
Authors: Nagumo Yoshiyuki , Kojima Takahiro , Shiga Masanobu , Kojo Kosuke , Tanaka Ken , Kandori Shuya , Kimura Tomokazu , Kawahara Takashi , Kawai Koji , Okuyama Ayako , Higashi Takahiro , Nishiyama Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2019

ObjectivesTo identify the clinicopathological features of malignant urachal tumor in Japan, and analyze the 5‐year overall survival of malignant urachal tumor patients.MethodsWe used the hospital‐based cancer registry data to extract malignant urachal tumor cases that were diagnosed in 2008–2009 and 2012–2015, histologically confirmed, and received the first course of treatment. We analyzed the 5‐year overall survival using the 2008–2009 cohort’s data.ResultsWe identified 456 patients, and malignant urachal tumor accounted for 0.4% of all malignant bladder cancers. The median age was 61 years (range 2–97), and 66% were men. The most common histology was adenocarcinoma (80%), followed by urothelial carcinoma (11%) and squamous cell carcinoma (3%). The proportions of patients were: 19% Ta/Tis/T1N0M0, 55% T2–3N0M0, 13% T4/N+ and 13% M+. Regarding the initial treatment, the proportions of surgery alone were 79% and 33% in cases of T3 or less N0M0 and T4/N+, respectively. The proportion of combination therapy including surgery and chemotherapy were 13% and 44% in T2–3N0M0 and T4/N+, respectively. Radiation therapy was not common at any stage. In the 2008–2009 cohort, the 5‐year overall survival rate in Ta/Tis/T1N0M0, T2–3N0M0, T4/N+ and M+ were 60%, 64%, 63% and 12%, respectively.ConclusionsMalignant urachal tumors are quite rare in Japan, and most of those without metastasis are likely to be treated by surgery alone, even at advanced stages. A standard of care must be established for malignant urachal tumor patients at advanced stages or with metastasis, as the prognosis of these patients can be poor.
Re‐identification in the Absence of Common Variables for Matching
Authors: Smith Duncan 
Published: December 2019

SummaryA basic concern in statistical disclosure limitation is the re‐identification of individuals in anonymised microdata. Linking against a second dataset that contains identifying information can result in a breach of confidentiality. Almost all linkage approaches are based on comparing the values of variables that are common to both datasets. It is tempting to think that if datasets contain no common variables, then there can be no risk of re‐identification. However, linkage has been attempted between such datasets via the extraction of structural information using ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operators. Although this approach has been shown to perform better than randomly pairing records, it is debatable whether it demonstrates a practically significant disclosure risk. This paper reviews some of the main aspects of statistical disclosure limitation. It then goes on to show that a relatively simple, supervised Bayesian approach can consistently outperform OWA linkage. Furthermore, the Bayesian approach demonstrates a significant risk of re‐identification for the types of data considered in the OWA record linkage literature.
On variable ordination of modified Cholesky decomposition for estimating time‐varying covariance matrices
Authors: Kang Xiaoning , Deng Xinwei , Tsui Kam‐Wah , Pourahmadi Mohsen 
Published: December 2019

SummaryEstimating time‐varying covariance matrices of the vector of interest is challenging both computationally and statistically due to a large number of constrained parameters. In this work, we consider an order‐averaged Cholesky‐log‐GARCH (OA‐CLGARCH) model for estimating time‐varying covariance matrices through the orthogonal transformations of the vector based on the modified Cholesky decomposition. The proposed method is to transform the vector at each time as a linear transformation of uncorrelated latent variables and then to use simple univariate GARCH models to model them separately. But the modified Cholesky decomposition relies on a given order of variables, which is often not available, to sequentially orthogonalize the variables. The proposed method develops an order‐averaged strategy for the Cholesky‐GARCH method to alleviate the effect of order of variables. The merits of the proposed method are illustrated through simulations and real‐data studies.
Shared decision making in the social services? Reasons to consider when choosing methods for service user participation
Authors: Nykänen Pia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUser participation is nowadays a desirable feature of social services work. The International Federation of Social Workers states that staff shall promote the participation of clients so as to “enable them to be empowered in all aspects of decisions and actions affecting their lives.” The statement is codified in various national ethical codes; the Swedish Code of Conduct and Ethical Behaviour for Social Workers specifies that interventions shall build on client participation and common agreement. However, a 2012 Swedish governmental report noted that among 16 methods for user participation in the social services, psychiatry, and abuse and addiction care, only one, shared decision making (SDM), had been evaluated in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Given this lack of evaluations, how ought professionals to choose between the various methods? The aim of this article is to introduce distinctions in order to answer the question of how social workers ought to choose between different user participation methods, to suggest how this choice could be made, and to argue that the case for SDM seems to be stronger than for other methods. We can distinguish between justificatory, motivational, and explanatory reasons in order to clarify what types of reasons are relevant when choosing between methods. Another distinction concerns general and specific reasons for user participation. No particular method for user participation can inherit its support only from general reasons, since these ordinarily do not point out any method as better than another one. Rather, specific reasons are needed. Social workers do have good reasons for choosing certain methods for user participation rather than others. These methods can be found by looking at specific justificatory reasons. The case for SDM is strengthened by its having been evaluated in RCTs and also because the SDM components harmonize with relevant components in the presented (Swedish) legislation.
Down‐regulation of miR‐3068‐3p enhances kcnip4‐regulated A‐type potassium current to protect against glutamate‐induced excitotoxicity
Authors: Su Zi‐Jun , Wang Xu‐Yi , Zhou Chen , Chai Zhen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe main cause of excitotoxic neuronal death in ischemic stroke is the massive release of glutamate. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to play an essential role in stroke pathology, although the molecular mechanisms remain to be investigated. Here, to identify potential candidate miRNAs involved in excitotoxicity, we treated rat primary cortical neurons with glutamate and found that miR‐3068‐3p, a novel miRNA, was up‐regulated. We hypothesized that restoring miR‐3068‐3p expression might influence the neuronal injury outcomes. The inhibition of miR‐3068‐3p, using tough decoy lentiviruses, significantly attenuated the effects of glutamate on neuronal viability and intracellular calcium overload. To unravel the mechanisms, we employed bioinformatics analysis and RNA sequencing to identify downstream target genes. Additional luciferase assays and western blots validated kcnip4, a Kv4‐mediated A‐type potassium current (IA) regulator, as a direct target of miR‐3068‐3p. The inhibition of miR‐3068‐3p increased kcnip4 expression and vice versa. In addition, the knockdown of kcnip4 by shRNA abolished the protective effect of miR‐3068‐3p, and over‐expressing kcnip4 alone was sufficient to play a neuroprotective role in excitotoxicity. Moreover the inhibition of miR‐3068‐3p enhanced the IA density, and the pharmacological inhibition of IA abrogated the protective role of miR‐3068‐3p inhibition and kcnip4 over‐expression. Therefore, we conclude that inhibition of miR‐3068‐3p protects against excitotoxicity via its target gene, kcnip4, and kcnip4‐regulated IA. Our data suggest that the miR‐3068‐3p/kcnip4 axis may serve as a novel target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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A context analysis on how oral care is delivered in hospitalised patients: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: van Noort Harm H. J. , Witteman Ben J. M. , den Hertog‐Voortman Ria , Everaars Babette , Vermeulen Hester , Huisman‐de Waal Getty 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo analyse oral care delivery in one hospital through exploring experiences from both nurses’ and patients’ perspectives and examining patients’ oral health.BackgroundOral health problems are associated with undernutrition and other general health outcomes. Although oral care belongs to the essentials of nursing, it is often neglected. Improving oral health may require behaviour change of both nurses and patients. Defining tailored strategies need a clear view on the context.DesignA context analysis in one hospital using a convergent parallel mixed‐methods design was reported following the EQUATOR guidelines using two checklists: COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (qualitative research) and STROBE (observational research).MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 19 nurses and 11 patients. The topic list was based on the Integrated Change Model. Prospective oral examination was performed among 91 surgical patients using the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT).ResultsNurses acknowledged that they did not prioritise oral care in daily practice. Furthermore, they lacked knowledge and skills to identify and provide care for oral problems. Nurses mentioned helpful resources to perform oral care, like standardised language and instruments. However, they had no access to or were unaware of them. Patients admitted that they did not prioritise oral care due to their sickness during hospitalisation, were unaware of the importance of oral care, but felt responsible for their oral care. The most prominent oral problems identified with the OHAT were unclean mouths (n = 75, 82%), unhealthy gum and tissues (n = 55, 60%) and dry mouth (n = 42, 46%).ConclusionsThis context analysis identified inadequate oral care due to lack of positive attitude and knowledge in both nurses and patients, skills for nurses, and resources.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe behavioural factors indicate strategies for development of a multicomponent intervention to improve oral care in this hospital, nutritional status and general health outcomes.
Exploration of a nurse practitioner‐led phase two cardiac rehabilitation programme on attendance and compliance
Authors: O’Toole Kathryn , Chamberlain Diane , Giles Tracey 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of a nurse practitioner‐led phase two cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention programme on attendance and compliance.BackgroundDespite strong evidence for the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation, attendance/completion rates remain low. Nurse practitioner‐led services have been reported as more effective than physician‐led services at increasing patient adherence to evidence‐based recommendations. However, nurse practitioner‐led programmes are uncommon and there appears to be no current evidence examining the impact of these programmes on attendance/completion rates.MethodsA retrospective audit of the Country Access to Cardiac Health (CATCH) database was undertaken to identify patients who attended a nurse practitioner‐led cardiac rehabilitation programme between April 2014 and May 2016. Data from key performance indicators were exported to Stata/SE 15.0. The study utilised the Strengthening the Reporting of OBservational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies to ensure quality reporting during this study (See DataS1).ResultsSeventy‐seven per cent (n = 199) of participants were men, and participants had a mean age of 67 years. Half (52.5%) of participants completed all CR sessions. Male participants (78%) were more likely to complete the CR programme as compared with women (67%).Participants with a family history of cardiovascular disease and a higher number of risk factors at baseline were more likely to commence and complete the programme. Attendance and completion had a positive impact on smoking cessation.ConclusionsThe nurse practitioner‐led programme evaluated in this study demonstrated high levels of attendance and completion rates compared to standard programmes. This high attendance/completion rate could in turn decrease the rate of subsequent cardiac events and improve mortality and morbidity rates.Relevance to clinical practice provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of nurse practitioner‐led cardiac rehabilitation and secondary prevention on attendance/complete rates. These findings could guide future research and clinical practice development.
Workplace Flexibility and Worker Well‐Being by Gender
Authors: Kim Jaeseung , Henly Julia R. , Golden Lonnie M. , Lambert Susan J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe study examines the associations between two distinct forms of workplace flexibility—flexible schedules and working at home—and workers' well‐being, with special attention to the distinct reasons for working at home and gender differences.BackgroundWorkplace flexibility can be a key resource to manage work and family responsibilities. However, there are gaps in knowledge regarding the types of flexibility that provide either a benefit or disadvantage for workers. In particular, insufficient attention has been paid to different reasons employees have for working at home and their implications.MethodUsing the General Social Survey, we created a pooled sample across the four waves of data (2002, 2006, 2010, and 2014, N = 6,945). Workers' well‐being was measured with job satisfaction, job stress, daily fatigue, and work‐to‐family conflict. Multivariate regression analysis and several sensitivity tests were conducted.ResultsThe study found benefits of flexible schedules for work‐related well‐being. Working at home as part of one's job had some benefits, but working at home to catch up on work had consistent disadvantages for worker well‐being. Moreover, the ability to adjust start and end times of work and working at home to catch up on work were associated with elevated work‐to‐family conflict, particularly for female workers.ConclusionThe findings suggest the potential advantages and unintended consequences of different flexibility arrangements for workers, and these implications may differ by gender.
Factors influencing the occurrence of neonatal procedural pain
Authors: Wang Yajing , Li Yang , Sun Jing , Feng Shuju , Lian Dongmei , Bo Haixin , Li Zhenghong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of neonatal procedural pain and explore the factors that influence the frequency of painful procedures.DesignA descriptive prospective epidemiologic study.SettingNICU at a general hospital in China.MethodsA demographic and diagnosis or illness information questionnaire and an occurrence of procedural pain questionnaire specifically designed for this study were used to record the current status of neonatal procedural pain. The neonatal infant pain scale (NIPS) was used to measure pain intensity. A multiple linear regression model was used to explore the factors influencing the frequency of painful procedures.ResultsOne hundred and twenty neonates experienced a total of 16,840 painful procedures. Each neonate was exposed to a median (IQR) of 66.5(27,154.75) painful procedures during hospitalization and a median (IQR) of 13(11, 19) painful procedures. All 27 different procedures were considered painful, and 70.37% (19/27) of these procedures caused severe pain. Overall, the mean NIPS score of the 27 procedures was 5.04 ± 1.52 with a range from 0 to 7. Respiratory support, age, and length of hospital stay were factors influencing the frequency of painful procedures.ConclusionsNICU neonates experience pain at a high frequency and intensity during hospitalization. Respiratory support, age, and length of hospital stay were factors influencing the frequency of painful procedures. Strategies are needed to bridge the gap between practice and the evidence‐based guidelines.
Collaborative caregiving of parents who have an infant with congenital heart disease
Authors: Pridham Karen F. , Harrison Tondi M. , Brown Roger , Mussatto Kathleen 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeDescribe collaborative caregiving of the parents of an infant with congenital heart disease (CHD) with partner, health‐care clinicians, and substitute caregivers (SC).Design and MethodsIn a national online survey, 53 mothers and 12 fathers described collaborative caregiving for infants after CHD intervention with respect to facets of Bowlby's concept of the internal working model of caregiving. Parents identified concern for 24 everyday common problems or goals (i.e., issues; 10 for partner, 9 for clinician, 5 for SC), rated issue importance and difficulty, indicated an intention for seeking and using help (help use), and identified help source.ResultsAll survey items were a concern to at least 11 parents. Most prominently, all five of the SC items were identified by at least 44% of the parents as a concern. Everyday, common problems and goals were generally reported to be more important than difficult. Two items identified as partner issues, “Talking about life change” and “Handling stress,” were a concern for about 50% of parents and identified by at least 74% as very important and 72% as moderately to greatly difficult. Help use was highest for SC items followed by items related to the partner. The partner was most frequently identified as a help source.Practice ImplicationsNurses are in a position to assess and support parent collaboration within partner, clinician, and SC relationships for everyday problems and goals. The survey questions, with further development and testing, could be used for clinician assessment and tailoring of intervention to support parents’ collaborative caregiving for infants with CHD.
Cardiac cachexia in cats with congestive heart failure: Prevalence and clinical, laboratory, and survival findings
Authors: Santiago Sasha L. , Freeman Lisa M. , Rush John E. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundCardiac cachexia is common in people and dogs with congestive heart failure (CHF). However, the prevalence and effects of cardiac cachexia in cats are unknown.ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of cachexia and its associations with clinical laboratory and survival data in cats with CHF.AnimalsOne hundred twenty‐five cats with CHF.MethodsMedical records of cats evaluated during a 40‐month period were retrospectively reviewed to identify cats with cardiac cachexia using 7 different definitions. Clinical, laboratory, and survival data were compared between cats with and without cachexia.ResultsPrevalence of cachexia ranged from 0 to 66.7% for the 7 definitions, with a prevalence of 41.6% using muscle condition score (MCS). Cats with cachexia (determined by MCS) were older (P < .001), more likely to have pleural effusion (P= .003), had significantly higher blood urea nitrogen (P < .001) and neutrophil concentrations (P= .01), and significantly lower body condition score (P < .001), body weights (P < .001), hematocrit (P= .007), and hemoglobin concentrations (P= .009). Survival time for cats with cachexia (determined by MCS) was significantly shorter than for cats without cachexia (P= .03). Cats that were underweight (P= .002) and cats with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) also had shorter survival times (P= .04).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe association between cachexia and reduced survival time emphasizes the importance of identifying and addressing this common problem in cats with CHF.