Kombinasi Beberapa Dosis dan Spesies Trichoderma Formulasi Pelet dalam Menekan Perkembangan Jamur Fusarium oxyporum f.sp capsici di Pembibitan Cabai Merah ( Capsicum annum L.)
Authors: Fakhdian Frara Efeseli , Ulim Abduh , Chamzurni Tjut 
Published: May 2020

Abstrak:Cabai merah (Capsicum annum L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas hortikultura unggulan terbesar dari golongan sayur-sayuran karena memiliki harga jual yang tinggi. Disamping itu selain harga yang tinggi, di lapangan cabai merah sering mengalami gangguan dari mulai benih disemai sampai tanaman cabai menghasilkan, hal ini disebabkan penyakit tular tanah atau pun terbawa benih. Salah satu penyakit yang memprihatinkan pada tanaman cabai merah adalah penyakit layu yang disebabkan oleh jamur Fusarium oxysporum f.sp capsici,penyakit ini sering merugikan para petani, jika tanaman sudah terserang oleh penyakitini, kerugian bisa mencapai 80 % pada tanaman cabai merah. Salah satu alternatif yang digunakan dalam Pengendalian Hama dan Penyakit terpadu (PHPT) dengan menggunakan agensia Trichoderma formulasi pelet. Penelitian ini bertujuan agar mengetahui keefektifan Trichoderma Formulasi pelet dalam menekan penyakit Layu Fusarium yang disebabkan oleh Jamur Fusarium oxysporum f.sp capsici. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Program Studi Proteksi Tanaman dan Rumah Kasa Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Unsyiah. Penelitian ini dimulai sejak bulan Agustus sampai Oktober 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola non faktorial dengan 9 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 5 unit polibag sehingga terdapat 135 unit polibag. Peubah yang diamati meliputi masa inkubasi, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan persentase serangan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pelet Trichoderma harzianum 2,5 g/polibagdan Trichoderma virens 2 g/polibag mampu memperlama masa inkubasi (Tidak terdapat gejala). Aplikasi pelet T. virens 1,5 g polibag dapat meningkatkan tinggi tanaman cabai merah sampai 16, 80 cm. Aplikasi pelet T. harzianum 1,5 g/polibag dapat mamacu pertumbuhan jumlah daun sebesar 9,07 helai. Aplikasi pelet T. harzianum 2,5 g/polibag dan T. virens formulasi pelet 2 g/polibag mampu menekan persentase serangan jamur Fusarium oxysporum f.sp capsici sebesar 13,68 % pada 35 hari setelah tanam.Combination of Several Doses and Species of Trichoderma Pellet Formulations In Suppressing Development Fungus of fusarium oxysporum f.sp capsici in Red Chili Breeding (Capsicum annum L.)Abstract : a red chili (Capsicum annum L.) is one of the largest superior horticultural commodity of vegetables, because it has a high selling price. Although it has high price, but in the field red chilli often disturbance from the seed sowing until the pepper plants produce, it is cause by soil contagion or even carried by seed. One of the most common diseases in red chili plants is the wilting disease cause of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp capsici. It often detrimental of the farmers if the plants have been attacked by Fusarium wilt disease, the loss could reach out about 80% in red chili plants. One of the alternative to Integrated Pest and Disease Control (PHPT) is using the Trichoderma pellet formulation agent. The reasearch purpose to determine of the effectiveness Trichoderma Formulation of pellets in suppressing Fusarium Lung disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp capsici. The research has been conducted in Plant Disease Laboratory of Plant Protection Study Program and home srceen Experimental Garden of Agriculture Faculty Unsyiah. The research was started since August to October 2017. The research uses Completely Randomized Design (RAL) non factorial pattern with 9 treatments and 3 replications each treatment consists of 5 units of polybags so that there are 135 units of polybags. The variable observed included incubation period, plant height, number of leaves and percentage of attacks. Results of the research showed that the application of Trichoderma harzianum pellet 2.5 g / polybag and Trichoderma virens 2 g / polybag was able to prolong the incubation period. Application of T. virens pellet 1.5 g polybags can increase the height of red pepper plants up to 16, 80 cm. Application of pellets T. harzianum 1.5 g / polybags can spure growth of leaves amounted to 9.07 strands. The application of T. harzianum pellet 2.5 g / polybag and T. virens pellet 2 g / polybag formulation was able to suppress the percentage of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp capsici attack by 13.68% at 35 days after planting.