bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Stress Beliefs on Daily Affective Stress Responses
Authors: Laferton Johannes A C , Fischer Susanne , Ebert David D , Stenzel Nikola M , Zimmermann Johannes 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Negative beliefs about the effects of stress have been associated with poorer health and increased mortality. However, evidence on the psychological mechanisms linking stress beliefs to health is scarce, especially regarding real-life stress.

Purpose
The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of stress beliefs on affect in the daily stress process in a population prone to health-impairing effects of stress: university students.

Methods
Using daily diaries, 98 university students reported on daily perceived social and work-related stressors as well as positive and negative affect for 10 consecutive days. Stress beliefs, depressive and anxiety symptoms, neuroticism, and demographic variables were assessed prior to the daily diary phase.

Results
Hierarchical linear models revealed a significant cross-level interaction between negative stress beliefs and the association of daily social stressors with negative affect (B = 0.24; 99% confidence interval [CI] = 0.08–0.41, p &lt; .001). When experiencing social stress, participants who held high negative stress beliefs had higher daily negative affect (simple slope = 4.09; p &lt; .001); however, for participants who held low negative stress beliefs the association between daily social stress and daily negative affect was considerably smaller (simple slope = 2.12; p &lt; .001). Moreover, individuals believing stress to be controllable showed higher positive affect throughout the 10-day daily diary phase.

Conclusions
Negative stress beliefs were found to moderate the affective response to daily real-life stressors. Given the established relationship between affect and health, this study provides initial evidence of psychological mechanisms linking stress beliefs to health.
Development and Validation of Two Robust Stability-Indicating Chromatographic Methods for Determination of Metolazone in Drug Substance and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form in the Presence of Its Degradation Products and Characterization of Main Degradation Products Based on LC-MS
Authors: Zaazaa Hala E , Abdel-Ghany Rasha , Abdelkawy M , Sayed Mahmoud 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Two robust and selective stability-indicating chromatographic methods were developed and validated for the determination of metolazone in drug substance and pharmaceutical dosage form in the presence of its degradation products. The HPLC method employed a Kromasil C18 (250 × 4.6,5 μm) column and a mobile phase of acetonitrile: 0.2% orthophosphoric acid (32:68 v/v) at a flow rate 2 mL/min and detection at 238 nm. The separation was performed in HPLC isocratic mode. The robustness of the suggested method was assessed using the Plackett–Burman design, parameters affecting system suitability were established and non-significant intervals for the significant parameters were considered. The HPTLC method employed Nano-SIL-20 UV254 HPTLC plates as adsorbent, ethyl acetate: toluene: acetic acid solution (4:4:0.5, v/v/v), as a developing solvent system and densitometric detection at 238 nm. Metolazone was exposed to different stress conditions, including acid and alkaline hydrolysis and oxidative and photolytic degradation. The main degradation products obtained have been characterized and interpreted based on LC-MS. The linearity of the suggested methods was proved in the concentration range of 20–75 μg/mL for the HPLC method and 100–900 ng/spot for the HPTLC method. The suggested methods were validated according to international conference on harmonization guidelines. These methods were successfully dedicated for the estimation of metolazone in drug substance and pharmaceutical dosage form in the presence of its degradation products. The results of the suggested methods were evaluated and compared statistically with results obtained by an official method without finding any significant difference.
Quantitative and Chemical Fingerprint Analysis of Desmodium styracifolium by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Combined with Chemometrics
Authors: Chen Liangyuan , Tang Xiaomin , Yang Quan , Cheng Xuanxuan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this study, a valid and comprehensive evaluation method for assessing the quality of Desmodium styracifolium (Osb.) Merr has been established, based on analysis of high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprint combined with the similarity analysis (SA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis (DA) and the quantitative analysis multi-components by single marker (QAMS) method. Eleven peaks of the common model were obtained and analyzed using SA, HCA, PCA and DA analysis. These methods indicated a similar conclusion that 31 batches of D. styracifolium samples were categorized into two clusters basically coincident with their geographical regions of origin. Four peaks were identified as schaftoside, isoorientin, isoschaftoside and isovitexin. Schaftoside was selected as the internal standard, and the relative correction factors between schaftoside and the other three flavonoids were calculated using the QAMS method. The accuracy of the QAMS method was verified by comparing with the results calculated by the external standard method. No significant difference between the two methods was found. In conclusion, the established methods were scientifically applied in the quality evaluation of D. styracifolium.
Plant Regulomics Portal (PRP): a comprehensive integrated regulatory information and analysis portal for plant genomes
Authors: Panzade Ganesh , Gangwar Indu , Awasthi Supriya , Sharma Nitesh , Shankar Ravi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGene regulation is a highly complex and networked phenomenon where multiple tiers of control determine the cell state in a spatio-temporal manner. Among these, the transcription factors, DNA and histone modifications, and post-transcriptional control by small RNAs like miRNAs serve as major regulators. An understanding of the integrative and spatio-temporal impact of these regulatory factors can provide better insights into the state of a ‘cell system’. Yet, there are limited resources available to this effect. Therefore, we hereby report an integrative information portal (Plant Regulomics Portal; PRP) for plants for the first time. The portal has been developed by integrating a huge amount of curated data from published sources, RNA-, methylome- and sRNA/miRNA sequencing, histone modifications and repeats, gene ontology, digital gene expression and characterized pathways. The key features of the portal include a regulatory search engine for fetching numerous analytical outputs and tracks of the abovementioned regulators and also a genome browser for integrated visualization of the search results. It also has numerous analytical features for analyses of transcription factors (TFs) and sRNA/miRNA, spot-specific methylation, gene expression and interactions and details of pathways for any given genomic element. It can also provide information on potential RdDM regulation, while facilitating enrichment analysis, generation of visually rich plots and downloading of data in a selective manner. Visualization of intricate biological networks is an important feature which utilizes the Neo4j Graph database making analysis of relationships and long-range system viewing possible. Till date, PRP hosts 571-GB processed data for four plant species namely Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa subsp. japonica, Zea mays and Glycine max.Database URL: https://scbb.ihbt.res.in/PRP
APOE ε4 Carriers Have a Greater Propensity to Glycation and sRAGE Which Is Further Influenced by RAGE G82S Polymorphism
Authors: Deo Permal , Dhillon Varinderpal S , Chua Ann , Thomas Philip , Fenech Michael 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
APOE ε4 allele is an established risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease and hypercholesterolemia. However, its association with metabolic and genetic risk factors related to glycation is not clear. We tested the hypothesis that, apart from high plasma cholesterol, APOE ε4 carriers may also have higher advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and total soluble extracellular domain of RAGE (sRAGE) and that these biomarkers may be modified by the common Gly82Ser (G82S) polymorphism (rs2070600) in the RAGE gene. To test this, we measured these biomarkers in 172 healthy cognitively normal individuals, of which 32 were APOE ε4 carriers and 140 noncarriers. APOE ε4 carriers showed higher levels of cholesterol (p &lt; .001), glyoxal (p &lt; .001), fluorescent AGEs (p &lt; .001), Nε-carboxymethyllysine (p &lt; .001) and sRAGE (p = .018) when compared to noncarriers. Furthermore, sRAGE was also higher in those that did not carry the A allele of the RAGE gene that codes for serine instead of glycine (p = .034). Our study indicates that APOE ε4 carriers have a greater propensity to glycation than noncarriers which may further increase their risk for diabetes and dementia. The increased sRAGE levels in APOE ε4 carriers suggests a defensive response against AGEs that may be further influenced by the RAGE G82S polymorphism.
Identification of Target Golimumab Levels in Maintenance Therapy of Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis Associated With Mucosal Healing
Authors: Boland Karen , Greener Tomer , Kabakchiev Boyko , Stempak Joanne , Tessolini Jenna , Li Rachelle , Soriano Joelle , Croitoru Kenneth , Nguyen Geoffrey , Steinhart A Hillary , Weizman Adam V , Silverberg Mark S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Golimumab is approved as a therapy for ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. Recent data also demonstrate efficacy in Crohn’s disease (CD); however, little is known about target drug levels to achieve endoscopic remission.

Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of IBD patients on maintenance golimumab. Median trough levels were compared using Kruskal-Wallis test, and logistic regression was used to construct a probabilistic model to determine sensitivity and specificity of levels predicting mucosal healing.

Results
Fifty-eight patients on maintenance golimumab were included (n = 39 CD, n = 19 UC/IBD-unclassified [IBDU]). Forty percent (n = 23) were cotreated with an immunomodulator, 95% (n = 55) of patients were anti-TNF experienced, and 15.5% (n = 9) had 3 or more prior biologic therapies. Forty-four percent of patients achieved mucosal healing with endoscopic response in a further 26% of patients. Clinical remission was recorded in 41% of patients, and 82% had clinical response. Patients were treated with doses generally higher than the approved maintenance dose. In CD patients, median golimumab trough levels were higher in patients with mucosal healing (8.8 μg/mL vs 5.08 μg/mL, P = 0.03). After calculation of a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for mucosal healing vs nonresponse, a trough level &gt;8 μg/mL was associated with mucosal healing, with 67% sensitivity, 88% specificity, and a likelihood ratio of 3:4.

Conclusion
Treatment with golimumab was associated with mucosal healing in 44% of all IBD patients. Higher golimumab levels were associated with mucosal healing in CD. These findings support the need for prospective studies to determine target golimumab levels in IBD, which may impact current clinical practices in relation to selection of maintenance dosing.
No Increased Risk of Colorectal Neoplasia in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Postinflammatory Polyps
Authors: de Jong Michiel E , Gillis Veerle E L M , Derikx Lauranne A A P , Hoentjen Frank 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who have postinflammatory polyps (PIPs) may have an increased risk of developing colorectal neoplasia. Current guidelines recommend an intensified surveillance strategy in these patients, although the evidence for this recommendation is conflicting. The aim of our study was to assess whether IBD patients with PIPs are at increased risk of colorectal neoplasia.

Methods
We established a retrospective cohort in a tertiary IBD center with IBD patients undergoing colorectal cancer (CRC) surveillance in the current era. We compared cumulative incidences of colorectal neoplasia since IBD diagnosis between patients with and without PIPs and corrected for confounders. Second, we compared the risk of receiving a colectomy.

Results
In our cohort with &gt;22 years of median follow-up, 154 of 519 patients had PIPs. PIPs were associated with extensive disease (odds ratio [OR], 2.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.61–4.42; P &lt; 0.001) and with more severe inflammation at colonoscopy (OR, 3.54; 95% CI, 2.28–5.50; P &lt; 0.001). After correction for confounders, the presence of PIPs was not associated with development of colorectal neoplasia (hazard ratio [HR], 1.28; 95% CI, 0.85–1.93; P = 0.24) or with development of advanced neoplasia (HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.52–3.68; P = 0.52). There was a higher risk of colectomy in patients with PIPs (HR, 3.41; 95% CI, 1.55–7.54; P = 0.002).

Conclusion
In this cohort, PIPs were associated with disease extent, inflammation, and higher rates of colectomy. However, the presence of PIPs was not associated with the development of neoplasia. These findings suggest that patients with PIPs may not need an intensified surveillance strategy.
Effects of inoculation of corn silage with Lactobacillus spp. or Saccharomyces cerevisiae alone or in combination on silage fermentation characteristics, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance of growing beef cattle
Authors: Nair Jayakrishnan , Xu Shanwei , Smiley Brenda , Yang Hee-Eun , McAllister Tim A , Wang Yuxi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of a novel silage inoculant containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain 3 as a direct fed microbial (DFM) on the ensiling, aerobic stability, and nutrient digestibility of whole-crop corn silage and growth performance of beef cattle. Treatments included uninoculated corn silage (CON) or corn silage inoculated with a mixture of 1.1 × 105 cfu g−1 fresh forage Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri (INOC1) or 1.0 × 104 cfu g−1 fresh forage S. cerevisiae strain 3 (INOC2) or a mixture of INOC1 and INOC2 (INOC3). Silage in INOC1 had lower (P = 0.03) proportion of lactate, with acetate (Ac) proportion ranking as INOC1 &gt; INOC3 &gt; INOC2 (P &lt; 0.01). In terminal silage, numbers of lactic acid bacteria were greater (P = 0.05) for INOC1 than CON and INOC2, while yeast counts tended (P = 0.08) to be greater for INOC2 than INOC3 on day 3 of aerobic exposure. Aerobic stability of corn silage was not impacted by inoculation with S. cerevisiae strain 3. Heifers fed INOC2 and INOC3 had lower (P &lt; 0.01) ruminal Ac concentration than those fed CON. Apparent total tract digestibilities of DM, OM, ADF, and NDF were greater (P ≤ 0.03) for heifers fed INOC2 than those fed CON. Growth performance was similar across treatments, excepting DMI as percent of BW tended to be lower (P = 0.08) for INOC2 steers compared to CON steers. These results suggest that S. cerevisiae strain 3 has potential as a component in a fourth generation DFM silage inoculant.
Weaning age and post-weaning nursery feeding regime are important in improving the performance of lightweight pigs
Authors: Huting Anne M S , Wellock Ian , Tuer Steve , Kyriazakis Ilias 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim was to investigate the effect of weaning age, weaning weight, and nursery feeding regime on post-weaning performance. The focus was on pigs weaned light, as they may be better off when weaned at a later age and/or offered a specialist nursery feeding regime. Piglets (n = 1,448) from one farrowing batch of 110 sows that farrowed over 2 wk were individually weighed and their morphometric measurements were taken at birth. Pigs were weaned on the same day, but variation in birth date resulted in variable weaning ages (mean age day 34.1, SD = 2.5). The youngest 50% at weaning were classified Y and the oldest 50% as O; within an age class, the lightest 50% were classified L, the heaviest 50% as H, and housed accordingly. Pigs were individually weighed at weaning, 7 and 15 wk post-weaning. At weaning, Y were 6 d younger and 1.4 kg lighter than O pigs, whereas L were 3.2 kg lighter than H pigs. Pigs were randomly allocated to a 3-stage superior (SUP) or control (CON) nursery feeding regime, with SUP pigs having a 65% greater allowance (on a kg/pig basis) of the first and second stage feeds than the CON. Pigs weaned Y had a higher mortality rate from weaning to 7 wk post-weaning than pigs weaned O (9.14% vs. 4.98%; P = 0.046). As expected, age and weight significantly (P &lt; 0.001) affected performance to both 7 and 15 wk post-weaning: at 15-wk pigs weaned Y were 5.5 kg lighter than pigs weaned O; pigs weaned L were 9.0 kg lighter than H pigs. It was estimated that pigs weaned YL needed ~4 d more (P = 0.018) to reach 60 kg BW than pigs weaned OL. Feed intake was not affected by feeding regime, age and weight, or their interactions. Performance was not affected by feeding regime (P &gt; 0.05), but was affected by the weight × feeding regime interaction (P = 0.044) to 7 wk post-weaning: L pigs on SUP were 1.2 kg heavier than L pigs on the CON regime; this was not the case for the H pigs. Performance up to 7 wk post-weaning was positively associated with birth weight to cranial circumference ratio and weaning weight (P &lt; 0.05) for both YL and OL pigs; for the latter, additional performance predictors were weaning age (P = 0.044) and feeding (P = 0.027). Improved growth for L pigs up to 7 wk post-weaning could be obtained by a greater allowance of the nursery diets. However, weaning at a later age benefitted the performance of L pigs to a common BW, suggesting that this might be a strategy with longer term benefits.
Congruence-based proofs of the recognizability theorems for free many-sorted algebras
Authors: Climent Vidal J , Cosme LlÓpez E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We generalize several recognizability theorems for free single-sorted algebras to free many-sorted algebras and provide, in a uniform way and without using either regular tree grammars or tree automata, purely algebraic proofs of them based on congruences.
Divergent Selection and Primary Gene Flow Shape Incipient Speciation of a Riparian Tree on Hawaii Island
Authors: Choi Jae Young , Purugganan Michael , Stacy Elizabeth A 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA long-standing goal of evolutionary biology is to understand the mechanisms underlying the formation of species. Of particular interest is whether or not speciation can occur in the presence of gene flow and without a period of physical isolation. Here, we investigated this process within Hawaiian Metrosideros, a hypervariable and highly dispersible woody species complex that dominates the Hawaiian Islands in continuous stands. Specifically, we investigated the origin of Metrosideros polymorpha var. newellii (newellii), a riparian ecotype endemic to Hawaii Island that is purportedly derived from the archipelago-wide M. polymorpha var. glaberrima (glaberrima). Disruptive selection across a sharp forest-riparian ecotone contributes to the isolation of these varieties and is a likely driver of newellii’s origin. We examined genome-wide variation of 42 trees from Hawaii Island and older islands. Results revealed a split between glaberrima and newellii within the past 0.3–1.2 My. Admixture was extensive between lineages within Hawaii Island and between islands, but introgression from populations on older islands (i.e., secondary gene flow) did not appear to contribute to the emergence of newellii. In contrast, recurrent gene flow (i.e., primary gene flow) between glaberrima and newellii contributed to the formation of genomic islands of elevated absolute and relative divergence. These regions were enriched for genes with regulatory functions as well as for signals of positive selection, especially in newellii, consistent with divergent selection underlying their formation. In sum, our results support riparian newellii as a rare case of incipient ecological speciation with primary gene flow in trees.
Impact on mortality of a bundle for the management of enterococcal bloodstream infection
Authors: Bartoletti Michele , Tedeschi Sara , Scudeller Luigia , Pascale Renato , Del Turco Elena Rosselli , Trapani Filippo , Tumietto Fabio , Virgili Giulio , Marconi Lorenzo , Ianniruberto Stefano , Rinaldi Matteo , Contadini Ilaria , Cristini Francesco , Bussini Linda , Campoli Caterina , Ambretti Simone , Berlingeri Andrea , Viale Pierluigi , Giannella Maddalena 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND
In this study we evaluated the effectiveness of a management bundle for Enterococcus spp BSI (E-BSI).

METHODS
This was a single-center quasi-experimental (pre/post) study. In the “pre” phase (January 2014 to December 2015) patients with monomicrobial E-BSI were retrospectively enrolled. During the “post” or “intervention” phase (January 2016 to December 2017), all patients with incident E-BSI were prospectively enrolled in a non-mandatory intervention arm consisting in infectious disease consultation, echocardiography, follow-up blood cultures and early targeted antibiotic treatment. Patients were followed-up to 1 year after E-BSI. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality.

RESULTS
Overall, 368 patients were enrolled, 173 in the “pre” phase and 195 in the “post” phase. The entire bundle was applied in 15% and 61% patients during the “pre” and “post” phase, respectively (P<0.001). Patients enrolled in the post-phase had a significant lower 30-day mortality rate (20% vs 32%, P=0.0042). At multivariate analysis, factors independently associated to mortality were age [HR 1.03 (95%CI 1.00-1.05)], ICU admission [HR 2.51 (95%CI 1.18-3.89)] healthcare associated [HR 2.32 (95%CI 1.05-5.16)] and hospital-acquired infection [HR 2.85 (95%CI 1.34-4.76)] whereas being enrolled in the “post” period [HR 0.49 (95%CI 0.32-0.75)] was associated with improved survival. Results were consistent also in the subgroups with severe sepsis [HR 0.37 (95%CI 0.16-0.90)] or healthcare-associated infections [HR 0.53 (95%CI 0.31-0.93)]. A significative lower 1-year mortality was observed in patients enrolled in the “post” period (50% vs 68%,p<0.001).

CONCLUSION
The introduction of a bundle for the management of E-BSI was associated with improved 30-day and 1-year survival.
Predicting Clinical Dementia Rating Using Blood RNA Levels
Authors: Miller Justin B. , Kauwe John S.K. ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: November 2019

Structured AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) is commonly used to assess cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease patients.METHODSWe divided 741 participants with blood microarray data in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) into three groups based on their most recent CDR assessment: cognitive normal (CDR=0), mild dementia (CDR=0.5), and probable AD (CDR≥1.0). We then used machine learning to predict cognitive status using only blood RNA levels.RESULTSOne chloride intracellular channel 1 (CLIC1) probe was significant. By combining nonsignificant probes with p-values less than 0.1, we averaged 87.87 (s = 1.02)% predictive accuracy in classifying the three groups, compared to a 55.46% baseline for this study.DISCUSSIONWe identified one significant probe in CLIC1. However, CLIC1 levels alone were not sufficient to determine dementia status. We propose that combining individually suggestive, but nonsignificant, blood RNA levels can significantly improve diagnostic accuracy.