bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vincristine Leads to Colonic Myenteric Neurons Injury via Stimulating M1 Macrophages Polarization
Authors: Gao Yifei , Tang Yan , Zhang Haojie , Chu Xili , Yan Bing , Li Jingxin , Liu Chuanyong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundVincristine is widely used in treatment of various malignant tumors. The clinical application of vincristine is accompanied by peripheral neurotoxicity. The effect of vincristine on enteric neurons and the underlying mechanism are still unclear. MethodsC57BL6/J mice were systematically treated with vincristine for 10 days, and macrophages were depleted using clodronate liposomes. The colonic myenteric plexus neurons were extracted. Macrophages from different parts were extracted in an improved way.ResultsIn the current study, we demonstrated that system treatment of vincristine resulted in colonic myenteric neurons injury, proinflammatory factors increase and total gastrointestinal transport time increase. Vincristine promoted the M1-type macrophages polarization individually or in coordination with LPS and increased proinflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α via increasing the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38. In addition, these proinflammatory factors led to colonic myenteric neurons apoptosis targeting on SGK1-FOXO3 pathway. Importantly, macrophage depletion alleviated colonic myenteric neurons injury and the increase of proinflammatory factors caused by system treatment of vincristine.ConclusionsSystem treatment of vincristine led to colonic myenteric neurons injury via stimulating M1 macrophages polarization which was alleviated by depletion of macrophages.
Effects of Sensory Distraction and Salience Priming on Emotion Identification in Autism: An fmri Study
Authors: Patterson Genevieve , Cummings Kaitlin K. , Jung Jiwon , Okada Nana J. , Tottenham Nim , Bookheimer Susan Y. , Dapretto Mirella , Green Shulamite A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSocial interaction often occurs in noisy environments with many extraneous sensory stimuli. This is especially relevant for youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) who commonly experience sensory over-responsivity (SOR) in addition to social impairment. However, the relationship between these symptoms is still poorly understood and thus rarely addressed in interventions. This study investigated the effect of auditory sensory distracters on neural processing of emotion identification in youth with ASD and the effects of increasing attention to social cues by priming participants with their own emotional faces.MethodsWhile undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 30 youth with ASD and 24 typically developing (TD) age-matched controls (ages 8-17 years) identified faces as happy or angry with and without simultaneously hearing aversive environmental noises. Halfway through the task, participants also viewed videos of their own emotional faces. The relationship between parent-rated auditory SOR and brain responses during the task was also examined.ResultsDespite showing comparable behavioral performance on the task, ASD and TD youth demonstrated distinct patterns of neural activity. Compared to TD, ASD youth showed greater increases in amygdala, insula and primary sensory regions when identifying emotions with noises compared to no sounds. After viewing videos of their own emotion faces, ASD youth showed greater increases in medial prefrontal cortex activation compared to TD youth. Within ASD youth, lower SOR was associated with reduced increased activity in subcortical regions after the prime and greater increased activity in ventromedial prefrontal cortex after the prime, particularly in trials with noises. ConclusionsThe results suggest that the sensory environment plays an important role in how ASD youth process social information. Additionally, we demonstrated that increasing attention to relevant social cues helps ASD youth engage frontal regions involved in higher-order social cognition, a mechanism that could be targeted in interventions. Importantly, the effect of the intervention may depend on individual differences in SOR, supporting the importance of pre-screening youth for sensory challenges prior to social interventions.
Sex Differences in The Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Metabolic Syndrome in Rural China: An Updated Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ying Xuhua , Yang Shuyue , Li Songtao , Su Meifang , Wang Na , Chen Yue , Jiang Qingwu , Fu Chaowei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and MS components as well as their association with socioeconomic status among rural Chinese adults.Methods: A cross-sectional study of 26836 participants aged 20 years and older was conducted from June to December 2012 in Yuhuan City, Zhejiang Province, China, which is located on Yuhuan Island. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors for MS and their possible interactions.Results: Among 26836 subjects with an average age of 53.4±14.0 years, 59% were female. The overall prevalence of MS was 20.5%, and there was a significant sex difference in the prevalence (15.1% for males vs. 24.2% for females, p<0.001). Compared with males, females also showed a significantly higher proportion of most MS components. A significantly higher prevalence of MS was found among subjects who were elderly, had a lower income level, had a lower level of education, or were unemployed. Multiple significant interactions were observed between the prevalence of MS and sex, age or socioeconomic status (p<0.001). The risk of MS increased significantly with age in females but not in males. Additionally, a lower income level and a lower level of education were significantly related to an increased risk only in females, and unemployed males had a higher risk of MS than unemployed females.Conclusions: The prevalence of MS and its components was relatively high in a rural island Chinese population with rapid urbanization, and sex-specific associations between socioeconomic factors and MS were found. Targeted preventive interventions should be developed and implemented to prevent and control MS among those with a low socioeconomic status, especially females.
Discriminative Center Loss for Face Photo-Sketch Recognition
Authors: cao lin , huo xibao , guo yanan , shao yuying , du kangning 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Face photo-sketch recognition refers to the process of matching sketches to photos. Recently, there has been a growing interest in using a convolutional neural network to learn discriminatively deep features. However, due to the large domain discrepancy and the high cost of acquiring sketches, the discriminative power of the deeply learned features will be inevitably reduced. In this paper, we propose a discriminative center loss to learn domain invariant features for face photo-sketch recognition. Specifically, two Mahalanobis distance matrices are proposed to enhance the intra-class compactness during inter-class separability. Moreover, a regularization technique is adopted on the Mahalanobis matrices to alleviate the small sample problem. Extensive experimental results on the e-PRIP dataset verified the effectiveness of the proposed discriminative center loss.
Association Between Dexamethasone and Delirium in Critically ill Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study of a Large Clinical Database
Authors: Wu Zehao , Li Huili , Liao Kaihua , Wang Yun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDelirium is a common complication in ICU patients, and it can significantly increase the length of hospital stay and cost. Dexamethasone is widely used in various inflammatory diseases and is a glucocorticoid commonly used in critically ill patients. There are no studies on the effect of dexamethasone on the development of delirium in critically ill patients, therefore, this study aimed to confirm the effect of dexamethasone use and the dose on the incidence of delirium and patient prognosis in critically ill patients through a large cohort study.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using data extracted from the MIMIC III database, and the primary outcome was the development of delirium, using multivariate logistic regression analysis to reveal the relationship between dexamethasone and delirium. Secondary endpoints were in-hospital mortality, total length of stay and length of ICU stay, and the relationship between dexamethasone and prognosis was assessed with Cox proportional hazards models. The Lowess smoothing technique was used to investigate the dose correlation between dexamethasone and outcomes, subgroup analysis was used to account for heterogeneity, and different correction models and propensity matching analysis were used to eliminate potential confounders.ResultsFinally, 38,509 patients were included, and 2,204 (5.7%) used dexamethasone. A significantly higher incidence of delirium (5.0% vs. 3.4%, P < 0.001), increased in-hospital mortality (15.0% vs. 11.3%, P < 0.001), and longer length of stay and ICU stay were observed in patients taking dexamethasone compared with those not taking dexamethasone. Multivariate logistic and Cox regression analyses confirmed that dexamethasone was significantly associated with delirium (adjusted OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.08-1.95, P = 0.014) and in-hospital mortality (adjusted HR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.02-1.40, P = 0.032). The risk of delirium and in-hospital death was lower with dexamethasone less than 10 mg, and subjects with 10-14 mg had the shortest length of hospital stay.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the use of dexamethasone in critically ill patients exacerbated the occurrence of delirium, while increasing the risk of in-hospital death and length of stay, and the use of low-dose dexamethasone had a lower risk of delirium and death, which appeared to be safer.
The Prevalence and Course of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Partners of Burn Survivors
Authors: Dam Elise Boersma-van , Schoot Rens van de , Geenen Rinie , Engelhard Iris M. , Loey Nancy E. Van 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPartners of burn survivors may develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in the aftermath of the burn event. This longitudinal study examined the prevalence, course and potential predictors of partners’ PTSD symptoms up to 18 months postburn.MethodsParticipants were 111 partners of adult burn survivors. In a multicenter study, PTSD symptoms were assessed with the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) during hospitalization of the burn survivor, and subsequently at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months postburn. Partners’ appraisal of threat to the burn survivor’s life, anger, guilt and level of rumination were assessed in the hospital as potential predictors of (long-term) PTSD symptoms in an exploratory piecewise latent growth model.ResultsAt the time of hospitalisation, 30% of the partners reported acute PTSD symptoms in the clinical range, which decreased to 4% at 18 months postburn. Higher acute PTSD symptoms were related to the presence of perceived life threat and higher levels of anger, guilt, and rumination. Over time, mean levels of PTSD symptoms decreased, especially in partners with high levels of acute PTSD symptoms, perceived life threat and rumination. From 3 months onward, PTSD symptoms decreased less in partners of more severely burned survivors. At 18 months postburn, higher levels of PTSD symptoms were related to more severe burn injuries and initial perception of life threat.ConclusionsOne in three partners of burn survivors reported clinical levels of acute PTSD symptoms shortly after the hospital admission, of which the majority recovered over time. This study showed that perceived life threat, feelings of anger and guilt, and rumination may indicate the presence of acute PTSD symptoms, whereas more severe burns and initial perception of life threat predict long-term PTSD symptom levels. The results highlight the need to offer psychological help to partners to alleviate acute elevated stress levels, which in turn may enhance the quality of support partners can provide to the burn survivor.
Healthcare Providers’ Implementation of Patient-Centred Outcome Measures (PROMs) and Patient-Reported Experience Measures (PREMs) in Practice: A Protocol for a Mixed Method Systematic Review
Authors: Wolff Angela C , Dresselhuis Andrea , Hejazi Samar , Dixon Duncan , Gibson Deborah , Howard A. Fuchsia , Liva Sarah , Astle Barbara , Reimer-Kirkham Sheryl , Noonan Vanessa K , Edwards Lisa 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Substantial literature has highlighted the importance of patient-reported outcome and experience measures (PROMs and PREMs, respectively) to collect clinically relevant information to better understand and address what matters to patients. The purpose of this systematic review is to synthesize the evidence about strategies for implementing individual-level PROMs and PREMs data by healthcare providers in their everyday practice.Methods: This mixed method systematic review protocol describes the design of our synthesis of the peer-reviewed research evidence (i.e., qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods), systematic reviews, organizational implementation projects, expert opinion, and grey literature. Keyword synonyms for “PROMs,” PREMs,” and “implementation” will be used to search eight databases with limiters of English from 2009 to 2019. Study selection criteria includes implementation at the point-of-care by healthcare providers in any practice setting. Eligible studies will be critically appraised using validated tools (e.g., Joanna Briggs Institute). Guided by the review questions, data extraction and synthesis will occur simultaneously to identify biographical information and methodological characteristics as well as classify study findings related to implementation processes and strategies. As part of the narrative synthesis approach, two frameworks will be utilized: (a) Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to identify influential factors of PROMs and PREMs Implementation and (b) Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) to illicit strategies. Data management will be undertaken using NVivo 12TM. Discussion: Data from PROMs and PREMs are critical to adopt a person-centred approach to healthcare. Findings from this review will guide subsequent phases of a larger project that includes interviews and a consensus-building forum with end users to create guidelines for implementing PROMs and PREMs at the point of care. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO protocol registration number (42013005938).
Do social relationships mediate or moderate social inequalities in health? A systematic review protocol
Authors: Khaliq Nadia , McMunn Anne , Machuca-Vargas Carolina , Heilmann Anja 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
IntroductionExplanations for health inequalities include material, behavioural and psychosocial pathways. Social relationships are an important determinant of health, and research has consistently found that a lack of support networks may diminish favourable health outcomes. There is some evidence that social network structures, partly shaped by socioeconomic factors, contribute to health inequalities. This protocol will summarise the systematic review process.Methods and analysesThe Systematic review will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. An electronic database search of MEDLINE, Embase Classic + Embase, and PsychINFO using the OvidSP platform will be undertaken. Articles published in the English language that have quantitatively assessed the role of social relationships in mediating or moderating health inequalities will be included and any health outcome (mental/physical) will be considered. The database search will be supplemented by reference list screening of all relevant full-text articles identified through the search. Two independent reviewers will be responsible for screening of articles, data extraction and assessment of bias. Studies will be risk assessed for bias using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. It is anticipated that the eligible studies will be highly variable; therefore, a meta-analysis will only be considered if the available data of the selected studies are similar. If the studies are too heterogeneous, a narrative synthesis of the extracted data will be presented. ConclusionThe results of the systematic review will examine the link between social relationships and health inequalities. The findings of the review will identify gaps in knowledge where further research is needed. Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42020181706
BioALBERT: A Simple and Effective Pre-trained Language Model for Biomedical Named Entity Recognition
Authors: Naseem Usman , Khushi Matloob , Reddy Vinay , Rajendran Sakthivel , Razzak Imran , Kim Jinman 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: In recent years, with the growing amount of biomedical documents, coupled with advancement in natural language processing algorithms, the research on biomedical named entity recognition (BioNER) has increased exponentially. However, BioNER research is challenging as NER in the biomedical domain are: (i) often restricted due to limited amount of training data, (ii) an entity can refer to multiple types and concepts depending on its context and, (iii) heavy reliance on acronyms that are sub-domain specific. Existing BioNER approaches often neglect these issues and directly adopt the state-of-the-art (SOTA) models trained in general corpora which often yields unsatisfactory results. Results: We propose biomedical ALBERT (A Lite Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers for Biomedical Text Mining) - bioALBERT - an effective domain-specific pre-trained language model trained on huge biomedical corpus designed to capture biomedical context-dependent NER. We adopted self-supervised loss function used in ALBERT that targets on modelling inter-sentence coherence to better learn context-dependent representations and incorporated parameter reduction strategies to minimise memory usage and enhance the training time in BioNER. In our experiments, BioALBERT outperformed comparative SOTA BioNER models on eight biomedical NER benchmark datasets with four different entity types. The performance is increased for; (i) disease type corpora by 7.47% (NCBI-disease) and 10.63% (BC5CDR-disease); (ii) drug-chem type corpora by 4.61% (BC5CDR-Chem) and 3.89 (BC4CHEMD); (iii) gene-protein type corpora by 12.25% (BC2GM) and 6.42% (JNLPBA); and (iv) Species type corpora by 6.19% (LINNAEUS) and 23.71% (Species-800) is observed which leads to a state-of-the-art results. Conclusions: The performance of proposed model on four different biomedical entity types shows that our model is robust and generalizable in recognizing biomedical entities in text. We trained four different variants of BioALBERT models which are available for the research community to be used in future research.
OTUB1&nbsp;Promotes Progression and Proliferation of Prostate Cancer via Deubiquitinating and Stabling Cyclin E1
Authors: Liao Yihao , Wu Ning , Wang Keke , Wang Miaomiao , Wang Youzhi , Gao Jie , Zhong Boqiang , Ma Fuling , Wu Yudong , Jiang Ning 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is currently the most common and highest incidence of cancer in men all over the world. OTUB1 has been reported to be a critical role in various kinds of cancers, closely related with proliferation, migration and clinical prognosis. The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of OTUB1 in PCa, and to identify the mechanism underlying function.Methods: Using TCGA database, we identified OTUB1 higher expression in PCa. We observed the changes of functional behavior in PC3 and C4-2 cells through overexpression or knock down of OTUB1. Subcutaneous ectopic tumors were conducted and IHC of tumors tissue in nude mice also carried out. Western blotting and co-immunoprecipitations assays were conducted to identify that OTUB1 interacted with cyclin E1.Results: We found that the expression of OTUB1 was significant higher in PCa than in Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The overexpression of OTUB1 promoted obviously proliferation and migration in PC3 and C4-2 cells via regulating Cyclin E1 protein stability, and contrary observation in OTUB1 knock down. The nude mice experiment further explained our conclusions. We finally identified that OTUB1 promoted the progression of PCa by deubiquitinating and stabling cyclin E1.Conclusions: Our findings reveal the important role of OTUB1 in PCa, OTUB1 promoted cyclin E1 protein stability in PCa. Knock down of OTUB1 can significantly repressed development of cancer. OTUB1 might serve a newly and potential therapy target for PCa.
Exploring feelings of pleasure and purpose associated with older people’s activities using ecological momentary analysis: an observational study
Authors: Hancock K.E. , Downward P. , Sherar L.B. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Momentary feelings of pleasure and purpose can be sources of intrinsic motivation, but momentary purpose is rarely studied. Activities, contexts and feelings of retired/semi-retired adults (n=67, aged 50-78y) were captured using ecological momentary assessment. Participants provided 2,065 valid responses to six daily smartphone surveys for seven days. Physical activity was measured by waist-worn Actigraph accelerometer. Pleasure (measured by affective happiness) and purpose outcomes were regressed on activities, context and potential confounding variables. Interactions between activities and contexts were explored.Participants were highly active: 98.5% met physical activity guidelines. Sedentary activities were negatively associated with sense of purpose, especially when indoors. However, social sedentary activities were positively associated with feelings of happiness. Active, social outdoor activities were positively associated with both outcomes. Less sedentary participants experienced greater happiness and purpose during all their activities. Context matters: active, social and outdoor activities seem to be more appealing to older adults.