bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efek Panjang Gelombang Terhadap Pertumbuhan Propagul Pada Kultur Jaringan Eucheuma cottonii Doty, 1885 (Rhodophyceae; Solieracea)
Authors: Setyati Wilis Ari , Pramesti Rini , Pringgenies Delianis , Suryono Chrisna Adhi , Irwani Irwani , Zainuddin Muhammad 
Published: November 2020

The problem in cultivating Eucheuma cottonii is the procurement of seeds and techniques currently developed through tissue culture. The limiting factor in this technique is the use of optimal light for the growth of the seaweed. The aims of study was to optimize the wavelength of light on the growth of E cottonii propagules. The research method is laboratory experimental with the treatment of different wavelengths of light: red light wavelength (λ = 633.8 nm), green (λ = 515.8 nm), blue (λ = 455.7 nm), combined light on the lamp LED (λ = 456.6 nm, 515.8 nm and 632.9 nm), and fluorescent light in TL lamps (λ = 407 nm, 443 nm, 557 nm and 592 nm). The results showed that the wavelength had a significant effect (p ≤0.05) on the growth of E cottonii. The best treatment for blue light with absolute, relative and specific growth values of propagule weight of 155 ± 11.910 mg, 419 ± 70.849%, and 5.860 ± 0.501% / day. The absolute, relative and specific growth values for propagule diameter were 701 ± 123.1 mm, 63 ± 12% and 1.73 ± 0.27% / day. The percentage of branching growth and the branching index were 60.85 ± 9.16% and 27.77 ± 1.23. Blue light treatment is optimal radiation in the E. cottonii tissue culture Permasalahan dalam budidaya Eucheuma cottonii adalah pengadaan bibit dan teknik yang berkembang saat ini melalui kultur jaringan. Faktor pembatas dalam teknik ini adalah penggunaan cahaya yang optimal untuk pertumbuhan rumput laut. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melakukan optimasi panjang gelombang cahaya terhadap pertumbuhan propagul E cottonii. Metode penelitian secara experimental laboratoris dengan perlakuan perbedaan panjang gelombang cahaya : panjang gelombang lampu cahaya merah (λ = 633,8 nm), hijau (λ = 515,8 nm), biru (λ = 455,7 nm), cahaya gabungan pada lampu LED (λ = 456,6 nm, 515,8 nm dan 632,9 nm), dan cahaya flourescent pada lampu TL (λ = 407 nm, 443 nm, 557 nm dan 592 nm). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panjang gelombang berpengaruh signifikan (p < 0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan E cottonii. Perlakuan terbaik pada cahaya biru dengan nilai pertumbuhan mutlak, relatif dan spesifik bobot propagul sebesar 155±11,910 mg, 419 ± 70,849 %, dan 5,860 ± 0,501 %/hari. Nilai pertumbuhan mutlak, relatif dan spesifik diameter propagul sebesar 701±123,1 mm, 63±12 % dan 1,73±0,27 %/hari. Persentase pertumbuhan percabangan dan indeks percabangan sebesar 60,85±9,16 % dan 27,77±1,23. Perlakuan sinar biru merupakan penyinaran optimal dalam kultur jaringan E. cottonii.
J. S. Beck’s Theory of theOriginal Representingas an Interpretation of Kant
Authors: Filieri Luigi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper explores Beck’s theory oforiginal representingin order to discuss both its historical and theoretical relevance and its implications concerning Kant’s views on the capacity to judge. My first concern will be to highlight the main points of Beck’s Kant interpretation and to show at which points he misunderstands Kant. My analysis also contains a positive aspect, for I adopt Beck’s claim that there is only one possible standpoint from which critical philosophy ought to be judged. Unlike Beck, I shall argue that this standpoint is that of Judgment’s normativity. I will consider the normative structure of Judgment from three perspectives: the proto-synthetic import of sensibility; the normative character of the pure concepts of the understanding; the lawfulness of the principles of the understanding. My basic idea is that only a normative account of Judgment can prove how and why all experience depends on the possibility of synthetic a priori judgments. On Kant’s account, the capacity to judge applies transcendental rules to establish the laws which make our experience and knowledge both possible and legitimate. Every single object is an object of experience only insofar as it conforms to the normative structure of Judgment. For Kant, to constitute an object means to apply the rules which make something possible as an object of experience and cognition.
Incremento de las concentraciones de procalcitonina en pacientes intoxicados por paracetamol
Authors: García de Guadiana-Romualdo Luis , Rodríguez Rojas Carlos , Ramos Arenas Verónica , Cárdenas Gámez Rubén , López Abellán María Dolores , González Morales Mercedes 
Published: November 2020

Resumen

Objetivos
La intoxicación por paracetamol es una de las causas no infecciosas asociada al incremento de la concentración de procalcitonina. Presentamos dos casos de pacientes ingresados por intoxicación por paracetamol en el que los datos analíticos revelaron un aumento significativo de procalcitonina sin datos clínicos, radiológicos y/o microbiológicos de infección. El mecanismo que explicaría este incremento no ha sido aclarado.

Caso clínico
Se presentan dos casos correspondientes a dos pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Urgencias por intoxicación por paracetamol requiriendo ambos el ingreso en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). Ambos mostraron un incremento de procalcitonina en las primeras horas de ingreso, sin evidencia clínica y/o microbiológica de infección que justificase dicho incremento. De forma llamativa, sólo el paciente 1 presentó disfunción hepática, con alteración de las concentraciones de alanino aminotransferasa (ALT), aspartato aminotransferasa (AST), bilirrubina y bilirrubina esterificada, hallazgos no observados en la paciente 2.

Conclusiones
los pacientes presentados en este caso clínico mostraron un aumento de procalcitonina asociado a la intoxicación por paracetamol, pero sólo uno de ellos mostró signos de disfunción hepática. Ello sugiere que en la intoxicación por este fármaco la secreción del biomarcador no estaría solamente ligado al daño sobre el hepatocito, sino que otros mecanismos en los que estarían implicados otros órganos y tejidos contribuirían al aumento de procalcitonina. En cualquier caso, y aunque el mecanismo no ha sido perfectamente aclarado, es importante conocer esta limitación para el uso de procalcitonina como marcador de infección en pacientes intoxicados por paracetamol.
Manufacturing of volume holographic cell arrays for usage with uncollimated LEDs in automotive applications
Authors: Giehl Markus , Hiller Lukas T. , Neumann Cornelius 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Holograms have found their use as optical elements in a variety of applications. Yet using them with incoherent and divergent lightsources like LEDs proves difficult, as their characteristics need to be simulated by lasers during manufacturing to get a correct reconstruction of the desired light distribution. We present a new setup to allow for a high flexibility during the manufacturing process, which is able to produce volume holographic cell arrays (VCAs) that can be illuminated directly with uncollimated LEDs. Results are presented for the case of reflection holograms.
Unmoved Movers, Celestial Spheres, and Cosmoi: Aristotle’s Diremption of the Divine
Authors: White Michael J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In Meta. Λ 8, Aristotle argues that the heaven (οὐρανός)–and, thus, the cosmos – is numerically unique on the grounds that its first unmoved mover is numerically unique. The latter is numerically unique because it is ‘essence’ (τὸ δὲ τί ἦν εἶναι) and does not have matter. “But whatever is many in number has matter.” I refer to this inference as Aristotle’s metaphysical argument for the uniqueness of the cosmos. A problem arises: (A) If the subsidiary unmoved movers of the planetary spheres are, like the prime unmoved mover, immaterial substances and belong to the same species of unmoved mover (qua “thinkers thinking themselves”), it seems that they could not be numerically distinct from that first unmoved mover – while Aristotle maintains that they are, in fact, numerically distinct. That is, as immaterial substance(s), it/they could not be individuated by matter. However, (B) if they do, as souls or soul-like forms, inform matter (namely, that of the celestial spheres which they move), it seems that there is no reason why the first unmoved mover, which moves the sphere of fixed stars or outermost, celestial sphere, should not similarly inform the matter of that celestial sphere. In the latter case, Aristotle’s argument for the uniqueness of the heaven and cosmos would be vitiated. The first unmoved mover would be the form of the outermost celestial sphere; and there would evidently be no metaphysical reason why that form could not be materially instantiated by other outermost celestial spheres, each enclosing its own cosmos distinct from our own. I argue that neither of the two salient options for resolving this problem with Aristotle’s metaphysical argument for the uniqueness of the cosmos is satisfactory. The result, so I maintain, is Aristotle’s diremption of divinity into two essentially unrelated aspects: divinity as autonomous, ‘hermetic’ cognition and divinity as ultimate cause(s) of cosmic motion and change.
The impedance analysis of small intestine fusion by pulse source
Authors: Wang Yifan , Liu Kefu , Xiang Xiaowei , Zhu Caihui , Wang Hao 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe radiofrequency-induced intestine fusion has been widely studied as an alternative for traditional suture in surgery, but fusion quality cannot be evaluated directly. Impedance measurement can evaluate fusion quality, but the relation between impedance and the fusion quality needs optimization for best results. The present study reports the optimum resistance of small intestine fusion. As the feedback signal, resistance was considered the indicator of the fusion completion for the device design of intestine fusion and an in-depth study of microstructure change. A self-design pulse source was used for the small intestine fusion with adjustable voltage, duty ratio, frequency and output time. A frequency of 440 kHz was set, whereas voltage, output time and compression pressure (CP) of the small intestine were independent variables. Different conditions of voltage, CP and time were investigated for achieving the highest burst pressure (BP) measured with a pressure gauge and a peristaltic pump. Each parameter of the equivalent circuit model was calculated by an experimental waveform. Hematoxylin–eosin staining of fusion samples was used for assessing the quality of fusion. The real-time current was measured and recorded during the fusion for the calculation of capacitance and resistance. The highest BP of 38.9 mmHg was achieved with a CP of 900 kPa, a voltage of 50 V and a time of 5 s. Finally, an optimum extracellular resistance range of 61.0–86.2 Ω was found as the optimum resistance for the end of fusion, thus indicating automatic fusion with the best fusion quality.
Eigenfunction concentration via geodesic beams
Authors: Canzani Yaiza , Galkowski Jeffrey 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We develop new techniques for studying concentration of Laplace eigenfunctions

ϕ
λ

{\phi_{\lambda}}

as their frequency, λ, grows. The method consists of controlling

ϕ
λ

⁢

(
x
)

{\phi_{\lambda}(x)}

by decomposing

ϕ
λ

{\phi_{\lambda}}

into a superposition of geodesic beams that run through the point x. Each beam is localized in phase-space on a tube centered around a geodesic whose radius shrinks slightly slower than

λ

-

1
2

{\lambda^{-\frac{1}{2}}}

. We control

ϕ
λ

⁢

(
x
)

{\phi_{\lambda}(x)}

by the

L
2

{L^{2}}

-mass of

ϕ
λ

{\phi_{\lambda}}

on each geodesic tube and derive a purely dynamical statement through which

ϕ
λ

⁢

(
x
)

{\phi_{\lambda}(x)}

can be studied. In particular, we obtain estimates on

ϕ
λ

⁢

(
x
)

{\phi_{\lambda}(x)}

by decomposing the set of geodesic tubes into those that are non-self-looping for time T and those that are. This approach allows for quantitative improvements, in terms of T, on the available bounds for

L
∞

{L^{\infty}}

-norms,

L
p

{L^{p}}

-norms, pointwise Weyl laws, and averages over submanifolds.
Fracture characteristics from outcrops and its meaning to gas accumulation in the Jiyuan Basin, Henan Province, China
Authors: Sun Changyan , Su Xianbo , Yang Heng , Li Feng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The target Oil-Shale Member (TOSM) in the Upper Triassic Tanzhuang Formation in the Jiyuan Basin is about 140 m thick and its burial depth is generally between 3,000 and 7,000 m. This paper presents a study of fractures in outcrop analogs for the TOSM based on outcrop observations and experimental measurements. The role of fractures in gas accumulation in the Jiyuan Basin was also analyzed. Also, a workflow used in building discrete fracture models based on the outcrop observed data is described. Results show that the average total organic carbon content and vitrinite reflectance of the oil shale are 4.13 and 1.33%, respectively, with the organic matter type dominated by sapropel-humics (II1), indicating high potential for shale gas generation. Fracture characteristics showing mostly vertical or intersect the bedding at high angles, and partially unfilled. The fracture lengths and widths range from a few centimeters to several hundred meters, and 0.05 to 0.5 cm, respectively, and the average linear fracture density is 6.3 m. In addition, the average brittle-mineral content of the oil shale is 53.7%, indicating that the oil shale in the TOSM has strong fracability. The hydrocarbon generation occurred twice in the TOSM. The primary reservoir formed by the first hydrocarbon generation was destroyed by fractures and tectonic uplift, and partial hydrocarbon migrated to the Paleogene along the second-phase fractures to form a secondary reservoir. The gas formed by the second hydrocarbon generation was mainly migrated into the fracture network of the TOSM.
Removal of Congo red and malachite green from aqueous solution using heterogeneous Ag/ZnCo-ZIF catalyst in the presence of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Dang Giao H. , Le Thu T.A. , Ta Anh K. , Ho Tan N.T. , Pham Toan V. , Doan Thien V.H. , Luong Thanh H.V. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe bimetallic Zn/Co zeolitic imidazole frameworks (ZnCo-ZIFs) were successfully synthesized by a simple solvothermal method at room temperature. Silver elements were afterward doped onto the bimetallic frameworks to form Ag/ZnCo-ZIFs via a facile impregnation method in acetone solvent. The as-synthesized material was used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the removal reaction of Congo red (CR) and malachite green (MG) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Effects of catalyst dosage, H2O2 concentration, initial concentration of the contaminants, reaction temperature, and reaction time were conducted in this work. The results showed that more than 94% and 98% removal of CR and MG were, respectively, achieved within 45 and 30 min. The presence of Ag also enhanced the removal efficiency of CR and MG. The main mechanism of removal reaction of the organic contaminants could be oxidation via hydroxyl radicals. Moreover, the catalytic activity of the material remained over 90% after four recycling cycles. Due to the efficient reactivity as well as high stability, Ag/ZnCo-ZIFs can be a potential heterogeneous catalyst to remove hazardous dyes from aqueous solution.
Effects of melatonin supplementation on oxidative stress: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ghorbaninejad Parivash , Sheikhhossein Fatemeh , Djafari Farhang , Tijani Aliyu Jibril , Mohammadpour Saba , Shab-Bidar Sakineh 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Previous studies showed that melatonin supplementation may suppress oxidative stress, however, the results have not been consistent. So, we conducted this meta-analysis to assess the precise relationship between melatonin supplementation and oxidative stress.

Methods
PubMed and Scopus were searched for randomized controlled trials that investigated the effect of melatonin supplementation on oxidative stress up to March 2020. Heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran’s Q test and I-square (I
2) statistic. Data were pooled using the random effect model and standardized mean difference (SMD) was considered as the summary effect size. Also, standard methods were used for assessment of sensitivity analysis and publication bias.

Results
We included 15 related articles and our findings indicated that melatonin supplementation significantly increased total antioxidant capacity (TAC) level (SMD: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.24, 1.81, p=0.011) and reduced protein carbonyl (PCO) (SMD: −1.78, 95% CI: −2.97, −0.58, p=0.004) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (SMD: −0.94, 95% CI: −1.48, −0.40, p=0.001). Additionally, there was considerable effect on TAC level by using ≥20 mg/d melatonin and in people under 35 years old. MDA level also decreased using dosage of below 20 mg/d and in people ≥35 years old.

Conclusions
The present study showed a promising effect of melatonin administration for reducing MDA, PCO, and increasing TAC levels. However, further studies especially with more attention to PCO level assessment are needed to confirm the findings of the present study in larger samples on different populations.
Challenges of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Iraq: biochemical network and methodologies. A brief review
Authors: Persike Daniele Suzete , Al-Kass Suad Yousif 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a multifaceted syndrome due to its complex pathophysiology. Signals of illness include alterations in genes, proteins, cells, tissues, and organism-level physiological modifications. Specificity of sensitivity to PTSD suggests that response to trauma depend on gender and type of adverse event being experienced. Individuals diagnosed with PTSD represent a heterogeneous group, as evidenced by differences in symptoms, course, and response to treatment. It is clear that the biochemical mechanisms involved in PTSD need to be elucidated to identify specific biomarkers. A brief review of the recent literature in Pubmed was made to explore the major biochemical mechanisms involved in PTSD and the methodologies applied in the assessment of the disease. PTSD shows pre-exposure vulnerability factors in addition to trauma-induced alterations. The disease was found to be associated with dysfunctions of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA) and hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid axis. Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity play a role in PTSD by releasing norepinephrine and epinephrine. Cortisol release from the adrenal cortex amplifies the SNS response. Cortisol levels in PTSD patients, especially women, are later reduced by a negative feedback mechanism which contributes to neuroendocrine alterations and promotes structural changes in the brain leading to PTSD. Gender differences in normal HPA responsiveness may be due to an increased vulnerability in women to PTSD. Serotonin and dopamine levels were found to be abnormal in the presence of PTSD. Mechanisms such as the induction of neuroinflammation and alterations of mitochondrial energy processing were also associated with PTSD.
The investigation on the middle period dephosphorization in 70t converter
Authors: Nanyang Deng , Haijun Wang , Haitao Ling , Jianjun Wang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAn experimental test is carried out on the 70t converter in Masteel to study the law of middle period dephosphorization in the smelting period. It is found that the dephosphorization rate is slow in the early and middle period of smelting and the content of the final P in steel cannot reach the standard due to the low oxidation of slag. The content of the final P in steel can be controlled within 0.02% by adding ore to the molten bath in the middle period and raising the lance position. The experimental test shows that the dephosphorization can still be achieved by a large margin if appropriate slag conditions are maintained in the middle period when the C and O reactions are strong. By theoretical calculation, it is concluded that the slag content should be controlled between 15 and 23%, and the basicity of slag should be between 2.5 and 2.8 in the middle period of production. Through the observation of experimental slag by SEM, it is found that the limiting factor of dephosphorization in the middle period under the test conditions is that the dephosphorization speed is too slow due to the low oxidation, rather than the solidification of phosphorus.
Fusion of ground penetrating radar and laser scanning for infrastructure mapping
Authors: Merkle Dominik , Frey Carsten , Reiterer Alexander 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Mobile mapping vehicles, equipped with cameras, laser scanners (in this paper referred to as light detection and ranging, LiDAR), and positioning systems are limited to acquiring surface data. However, in this paper, a method to fuse both LiDAR and 3D ground penetrating radar (GPR) data into consistent georeferenced point clouds is presented, allowing imaging both the surface and subsurface. Objects such as pipes, cables, and wall structures are made visible as point clouds by thresholding the GPR signal’s Hilbert envelope. The results are verified with existing utility maps. Varying soil conditions, clutter, and noise complicate a fully automatized approach. Topographic correction of the GPR data, by using the LiDAR data, ensures a consistent ground height. Moreover, this work shows that the LiDAR point cloud, as a reference, increases the interpretability of GPR data and allows measuring distances between above ground and subsurface structures.
“Pravda for Playboy”: David Edgar’s The Shape of the Table and the Eastern European Roundtables
Authors: McAuliffe Pádraig 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
David Edgar’s The Shape of the Table (1990) is a near-contemporaneous dramatization of the process of regime concession and opposition conquest of power that characterised the negotiated transitions in Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and East Germany. It is interesting in and of itself as an example of how one of the UK’s most notable socialist playwrights saw the varying elements of accommodation and confrontation in roundtable dialogues around 1989. However, it has further interest because in adopting an agent-centred, voluntaristic, and bargained conception of transition, Edgar reflected and anticipated the initial scholarly response to these processes. Similarly, Edgar anticipated problems of democratic disillusionment, economic liberalisation, and ethnonationalism as post-Communist Eastern Europe undertook the unprecedentedly complicated triple-track transition in economy and society as well as politics.
Inverting the variable fractional order in a variable-order space-fractional diffusion equation with variable diffusivity: analysis and simulation
Authors: Zheng Xiangcheng , Li Yiqun , Cheng Jin , Wang Hong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Variable-order space-fractional diffusion equations provide very competitive modeling capabilities of challenging phenomena, including anomalously superdiffusive transport of solutes in heterogeneous porous media, long-range spatial interactions and other applications, as well as eliminating the nonphysical boundary layers of the solutions to their constant-order analogues.
In this paper, we prove the uniqueness of determining the variable fractional order of the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary-value problem of the one-sided linear variable-order space-fractional diffusion equation with some observed values of the unknown solutions near the boundary of the spatial domain.
We base on the analysis to develop a spectral-Galerkin Levenberg–Marquardt method and a finite difference Levenberg–Marquardt method to numerically invert the variable order.
We carry out numerical experiments to investigate the numerical performance of these methods.