bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balancing Value with Affordability: Cell Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment in the U.S.
Authors: Leech Ashley A. , Neumann Peter J. , Cohen Joshua T. , Jagasia Madan , Dusetzina Stacie B. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Despite the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services’ recent approval to increase payments for inpatient-delivered chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) for adult lymphoma, reimbursement remains far below the costs of the product and overall treatment of the therapy. We surveyed 92 CAR-T-certified centers in the U.S. to assess the perceived financial viability and related challenges for treating adult patients with lymphoma. Of 92 certified CAR-T centers in the U.S., 20 (22%) directors or chief medical officers responded. More than three quarters of facilities reported treating patients in an inpatient setting, and 60% reported that the majority of their patients were covered under commercial/private insurance. The financial viability rating across centers (median: 62; interquartile range: 48–69; scale 1–100) signals that economic sustainability of institutional programs for adult lymphoma is a concern. These dynamics may limit access to CAR-T for Medicare beneficiaries and lead to greater outpatient use of the therapy, which may limit access for medically complex patients.
Association of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Expression with Fusion Variants and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma Receiving Crizotinib
Authors: Yang Ching-Yao , Liao Wei-Yu , Ho Chao-Chi , Chen Kuan-Yu , Tsai Tzu-Hsiu , Hsu Chia-Lin , Liu Yi-Nan , Su Kang-Yi , Chang Yih-Leong , Wu Chen-Tu , Liao Bin-Chi , Hsu Chia-Chi , Hsu Wei-Hsun , Lee Jih-Hsiang , Lin Chia-Chi , Shih Jin-Yuan , Yang James Chih-Hsin , Yu Chong-Jen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is associated with clinical outcomes of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutant lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, whether PD-L1 expression plays a role in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive lung ADC is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the impact of PD-L1 in patients with ALK-positive lung ADC receiving crizotinib.

Materials and Methods
PD-L1 expression was identified by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used for ALK variant detection, and immunofluorescence-based multiplex staining was applied for exploring immune cells in tumor microenvironments.

Results
A total of 78 patients with ALK-positive advanced ADC were enrolled in our study, of whom 52 received crizotinib. Compared with EGFR/ALK wild-type tumors, PD-L1 expression was lower in ALK-positive ADC. ALK fusion variants were identified in 32 patients, and those with variant 3 and 5 (short variants) had higher PD-L1 expression than those with other variants. The crizotinib objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS) was better in tumors with negative PD-L1 expression (ORR/PFS in PD-L1 0% vs. 1%–49% vs. 50%–100%: 60.7%/11.8 months vs. 38.5%/6.5 months vs. 36.4%/4.0 months, p = .007/.022). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model revealed that PD-L1 0% (vs. ≥1%) was an independent factor for longer PFS (adjusted hazard ratio 0.322, 95% confidence interval 0.160–0.650, p = .002). Multiplex IHC in three cases showed a varied extent of immune cell infiltrations in tumors with different PD-L1 expression.

Conclusion
Positive PD-L1 expression was associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with ALK-positive lung ADC receiving crizotinib.

Implications for Practice
Not all lung adenocarcinoma with sensitizing driver mutations experienced durable responses to small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Similar to the negative impact of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in epidermal growth factor receptor mutant tumors treated with TKIs, this study demonstrated that positive PD-L1 expression was also associated with worse response rate and shorter progression-free survival of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive adenocarcinoma treated with crizotinib. Among different ALK fusion partners, tumors with short variants (V3 and V5) had higher PD-L1 compared with long variants (V1, V2, and V6). Testing PD-L1 before initiating crizotinib for ALK-positive lung cancer could be a simple method to provide important prognostic information.
Randomized Phase II Study of First-Line Biweekly Gemcitabine and Carboplatin Versus Biweekly Gemcitabine and Carboplatin plus Maintenance Gemcitabine in Elderly Patients with Untreated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: LOGIK0801
Authors: Takayama Koichi , Takeshita Masafumi , Inoue Koji , Ichiki Masao , Fujita Masaki , Harada Taishi , Shiraishi Yoshimasa , Wataya Hiroshi , Tokunaga Shoji , Yamada Tadaaki , Uchino Junji , Sugio Kenji 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Lessons Learned
The usefulness of maintenance gemcitabine (GEM) after biweekly carboplatin + GEM in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer could not be proved. Superior overall survival was obtained in the group that did not receive maintenance therapy.

Background
The primary objective of this randomized phase II study was to assess progression-free survival (PFS) in elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with gemcitabine (GEM) maintenance therapy versus best supportive care following first-line GEM plus carboplatin (CBDCA).

Methods
Elderly chemotherapy-naive patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC were randomly assigned 1:1 to the control arm or the study arm. All patients received biweekly combination therapy with GEM and CBDCA (1,000 mg/m2 GEM and CBDCA at an area under the curve [AUC] of 3 on days 1 and 15, every 4 weeks). In the study arm, patients with objective response or stable disease following three or four cycles of initial chemotherapy received maintenance GEM.

Results
Eighty-four patients were enrolled. The objective response rates (ORRs) were 17.5% in the control arm and 14.0% in the study arm. The most common toxicity was neutropenia (control arm: 47.5% and study arm: 69.8%). The median progression-free survivals were 4.99 months (control arm) and 4.44 months (study arm), and the median overall survivals (OSs) were 21.7 months (control arm) and 8.2 months (study arm).

Conclusion
Our data do not support maintenance GEM after biweekly CBDCA+GEM in elderly patients with NSCLC.
DISSIDÊNCIAS SEXUAIS E DE GÊNERO NO HUMOR: ESTIGMA E RESISTÊNCIA ENTRE A TV E A INTERNET
Authors: De Carvalho Rafael Silva 
Published: May 2020

O artigo se trata de uma pesquisa de campo virtual que busca analisar os enunciados, as relações de poder e as produções de subjetividades a partir de dois vídeos humorísticos em torno das dissidências sexuais e de gênero. Os vídeos são esquetes de humor de personagens que marcaram época na televisão brasileira em diferentes décadas (80 e 90). O método utilizado é a análise do discurso em Michel Foucault, valendo-se dos conceitos de enunciado, verdade, saber, poder e sujeito. Os elementos discursivos foram apreendidos das falas, imagens e comentários dos vídeos selecionados. Adiante, problematizo os resultados da pesquisa no tensionamento entre a produção de estigma e possibilidades de resistência através do humor na Televisão e internet.
Palavras-chave: Dissidências sexuais e de gênero. Humor. Análise do discurso. Televisão. Internet.
A Visitor’s Hybrid Smart Guide Control System
Authors: Mosiori Cliff Orori 
Published: May 2020

Modern industrial society is filled with hybrid systems. The effectiveness of a control system is now a basic requirement in any institution. In general terms, hybrid systems are reactive systems that intermix discrete and continuous control components in which the discrete part of that control system makes the decision on behaving for the whole designed system and further decides if it can allow it to switch to another set of control protocols when appropriate conditions are availed. The continuous part only functions according to a specified protocol. Hybrid systems are common models used in digital (logic) and continuous networks and devices. Digital control programs detect, control, and supervise continuous and discrete systems using differential or difference equations. This principle was utilized in our design and reported thereof. Although this work developed a different method to deal with specific problems facing students at Technical University of Mombasa. An upgrade was recommended so as to extend the control system to the eye- impaired students and visitors. Since the issue of optimal smart control systems cannot be ignored in the design of new control systems with today's requirements in our learning institutions, it was concluded that further research was necessary to bring about a fully reliable and well-developed control system able to use real-time and real routes as they exist at the university ground. This work reports a hybrid control guide system designed and implemented at the Technical University of Mombasa.
WHITEBOARDS IN PEDAGOGICAL SETTINGS: LEAVE IT OR USE IT?
Authors: Nella Syahputri Veni , Idami Zahratul , Putri Zaiyana , Kurniasy Desy 
Published: May 2020

Purpose of the study: This study aimed at finding out the efficiency of traditional whiteboard use in classroom settings. It is known that there are a lot of advancements in teaching and learning tools, including the means of whiteboards which can be altered by using projectors.
Methodology: This study was mainly under the qualitative design where the authors mainly weighed the data reliability on the quality of the respondents’ responses through the open-ended questionnaire set. There were 177 senior college students involved as the respondents, who volunteered to fill out the questionnaire set about the effectiveness and efficiency of whiteboard use in classroom settings. The data gathered from the questionnaire were then analyzed using percentages to see the students’ agreement on the statements in the questionnaire set.
Main findings: The results indicate that students still perceive that whiteboards—despite its traditionalism—help assist their learning process.
Applications of this study: However, there are several points that teachers need to justify concerning the whiteboard skills namely general writing ability including handwriting legibility, setting-up ability, making optimum use of whiteboards, and cleaning up compliance.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study takes into account the efficiency of conventional whiteboard uses in the globalized era. Although a lot of kinds of digital whiteboards and projectors are in use, students still consider that the use of conventional whiteboard is still necessary.
LECTURERS’ STRATEGIES USED IN TEACHING ENGLISH READING COMPREHENSION: A CASE AT A PRIVATE COLLEGE IN ACEH
Authors: Marlisa Aini Riska , Muslem Asnawi , Usman Bustami 
Published: May 2020

Purpose of the study: The objective of this study is to investigate lecturers’ strategies used in teaching reading comprehension course at English Education Department students of Bina Bangsa Getsempena, college Banda Aceh, Indonesia. In short, this study aimed to analyze the common strategies used by lecturers in teaching reading comprehension at a private college in Banda Aceh.
Methodology: The current study used a qualitative approach to nature. The observation sheet with followed by using a camera to record was used as the instrument of the study. Two lecturers who taught reading comprehension subjects at the English Education Department of the college were selected as the subjects using a purposive sampling technique. The data collected were analyzed qualitatively through four major phases; coding, data reduction, data display, and conclusion. These teachers were also interviewed to investigate their problems faced while teaching reading comprehension.
Main Findings: The study found that both lecturers who taught reading comprehension subjects used the same strategy. They used question & answer and cooperative learning or group discussion methods included; Cooperative Integrated Reading Composition (CIRC) and Think-Pair-Share technique. The study also reported that the students were more motivated in learning reading comprehension after being taught by using the strategies as compared with an individual strategy.
Applications of this study: Through these strategies, students could share their idea and problems with their classmates. The lecturers also used media like projectors and pictures to help them in the teaching-learning process. These findings recommended that lecturers who taught reading comprehension should use interactive and cooperative strategies to enable students to learn more joyful and meaningful.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The current findings give the positive impact of students’ learning atmosphere and improve their motivation in learning reading comprehension. Using a cooperative strategy encourages students to work cooperatively and motivate them in learning as compared to the individual learning strategy used. Therefore, the benefit and novelty of this finding are to strengthen and support the theory of language learning that engaging students work cooperatively improves students’ desire to learn English.
JOKOWI VS PRABOWO: THE POLITENESS AND ITS VIOLATION IN POLITICAL COMMUNICATION OF INDONESIAN PRESIDENT CANDIDATES
Authors: Rizka Budi , Lismalinda  , Adnan  , Moriyanti  , Faisal  
Published: May 2020

Purpose of the study: The study aims are to investigate levels of language politeness and its violations in the political communication of Jokowi and Prabowo and to describe the types of politeness and its violations in political communication of Jokowi and Prabowo as Indonesian president candidates in 2019.
Methodology: This research was used a qualitative approach with the descriptive method by paying attention to the Interactive Model theory to describe the object in analysis data through a pragmatic approach to identify the politeness principles and its violation following Leech’s (1983) theory. The subject of data on this research has conducted the utterances of Indonesian president candidates 2019 in the second debate session.
Main Findings: The result of the study can be concluded that five principles of politeness seen in the utterances of the presidential candidate. They are tact, approbation, modesty, agreement, and sympathy maxim. Furthermore, in this research, Prabowo was more polite than Jokowi where he has produced utterances of approbation, agreement, and less violation of modesty, while Jokowi more violated the modesty maxim.
Applications of this study: The study has an impact on political behavior. Other areas of study include social and political science and communication
Novelty/Originality of this study: This research is the new way in the context of language politeness study where combined the language politeness principles with socio-political science especially political communication.
PRAGMATIC PERSPECTIVES OF VERBAL HUMOR IN AN AMERICAN SITCOM
Authors: Sarah Fitriani Siti , Nasir Chairina , Fajrianti Fonna Farrah 
Published: May 2020

Purpose of the study: This study aimed at finding out the types of illocutionary acts which create humor effect in the sitcom The Big Bang Theory Episode The Thespian Catalyst (S04E14).
Methodology: A descriptive qualitative study with the pragmatic approach of illocutionary acts suggested by Searle (1975) was undertaken by observing the utterances spoken by all the characters in the sitcom.
Main findings: The results of the study showed that there were four types of illocutionary acts found in the sitcom; assertive, directive, commissive, and expressive. Those illocutionary acts also flouted the maxim of Cooperative Principles, i.e. quality and relevance. In conclusion, it can be known that the humor that occurred in the sitcom is the result of the way the characters conveyed illocutionary acts that also have flouted the maxim as in the Cooperative Principles.
Applications of this study: This study is expected to be a reference for other studies in the field of pragmatics particularly in illocutionary acts.
Novelty/Originality of this study:This current study, however, would discuss The Big Bang Theory sitcom by using the Illocutionary Act framework proposed by Searle (1975).
SIMULASI PhET: PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PEMAHAMAN KONSEP BENTUK DAN KEPOLARAN MOLEKUL
Authors: Rizkiana Fitria , Apriani Herlina 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan pemahaman konsep siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan media simulasi PhET dan tanpa menggunakan media simulasi PhET. Penelitian ini menggunakan nonequivalent control group design dengan 70 orang siswa sebagai sampel. Data penelitian diperoleh dari tes uraian. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney U. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan pemahaman siswa pada indikator menginferensi dan memberikan contoh, sedangkan pemahaman siswa pada indikator membandingkan dan menjelaskan adalah sama, baik dibelajarkan menggunakan PhET ataupun tanpa menggunakan PhET
KEEFEKTIFAN METODE PROBLEM POSING DENGAN FUTURE WHEELS TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X MATERI KEANEKARAGAMAN HAYATI
Authors: Noor Sugian 
Published: May 2020

Topik keanekaragaman hayati biasanya diajarkan secara konseptual, sehingga perlu menerapkan pendekatan yang lebih mengeksplorasi kemampuan siswa dalam kognitif maupun psikomotor. lingkungan di sekitar siswa kaya dengan sumber belajar yang dapat dijadikan sebagai pembelajaran sehingga perlu mengimplementasikan pendekatan problem posing dan future wheels. Penelitian bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi keanekaragaman hayati dengan menggunakan problem posing dengan futures wheels selama proses pembelajaran. Penelitian merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan pada siswa SMA Negeri 7 kelas X MIPA 7. Adapun hasil penelitian yakni, penelitian dilaksanakan dengan dua siklus dengan menggunakan problem posing serta future wheel. Kemudian, hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari hasil pre-test dan post-tes, ketuntasan klasikal mengalami peningkatan dari 46,67 persen pada siklus 1 menjadi menjadi 100 persen pada siklus 2 selain pengetahuan proses yang dilakukan oleh siswa selama pembelajaran tergolong baik sehingga memberikan dampak positif dalam pembelajaran.
MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN METAKOGNISI DAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK MENGGUNAKAN STRATEGI PROBLEM SOLVING BERORIENTASI TAI PADA MATERI STOIKIOMETRI
Authors: Rahayu Puput , Bakti Iriani , Saadi Parham 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian untuk meningkatkan keterampilan metakognisi dan hasil belajar peserta didik menggunakan strategi problem solving berorientasi TAI pada materi stoikiometri di SMAN 5 Banjarmasin tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) aktivitas guru, (2) aktivitas peserta didik, (3) keterampilan metakognisi, (4) hasil belajar pengetahuan (5) respon peserta didik menggunakan strategi problem solving berorientasi TAI. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan PTK yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Subjek penelitiannya yaitu peserta didik kelas X MIPA 3 dengan jumlah 35 peserta didik. Instrumen penelitiannya yaitu instrumen aktivitas guru, aktivitas peserta didik, instrumen tes keterampilan metakognisi, instrumen tes hasil belajar pengetahuan dan angket respon. Adapun hasil penelitian yaitu (1) aktivitas guru meningkat dari kategori baik dengan persentase 72,32% menjadi sangat baik dengan persentase 87,77%; (2) aktivitas peserta didik meningkat dari kategori cukup aktif dengan persentase 68,25% menjadi aktif dengan persentase 89,50%; (3) keterampilan metakognisi peserta didik meningkat dari kategori mulai berkembang dengan baik dengan persentase 49,70% menjadi sudah berkembang dengan baik dengan persentase 75,22%; (4) hasil belajar peserta didik meningkat dari 68,88% menjadi 91,03% (5) respon peserta didik menunjukkan respon yang baik dengan persentase 76,79%.
A comparative study of patients’ satisfaction with different levels of hospitals in Beijing: Why do patients prefer high-level hospitals?
Authors: Cui Chengsen , Zuo Xu , Wang Yujia , Song Haiyan , Shi Jingyu , Meng Kai 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: To promote the integration of medical resources, Beijing has built medical alliances since 2012, but this reform has not changed the state of disordered medical treatment. Patients are still willing to go to high-level hospitals for medical treatment. What causes patients to prefer high-level hospitals? To explore the reasons behind this preference for high-level medical treatment among patients and to guide patients to make visits in an orderly manner, we conducted this study and compared patients' satisfaction with hospitals of different levels in the context of medical resource integration.Methods: This study conducted a questionnaire survey among 1,250 patients who were selected in 18 medical alliances in Beijing from October to December 2016. The study type is a comparative study based on cross-sectional data. Patient satisfaction was the main outcome, and descriptive analysis, chi-square tests, nonparametric tests and binary logistic regression analysis were used. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05.Results: The overall satisfaction score of the medical alliances was 3.375, and the satisfaction scores of core hospitals and cooperative hospitals were 2.77 and 3.07, respectively. The overall patient satisfaction rate was 44.62%, and the satisfaction rates of core hospitals and cooperative hospitals were 34.34% and 50.43%, respectively. The type of hospital and understanding of medical alliance policy were the factors associated with patient satisfaction with the medical alliance.Conclusions: The patients’ satisfaction with cooperative hospitals was higher than their satisfaction with core hospitals. Although the patients were more satisfied with the service attitude of the cooperative hospitals, they still preferred core hospitals due to their higher expectations for their medical treatment and greater trust in their medical technology. It is necessary to explore the establishment of closed medical alliances under the unified management of human and financial resources to enable medical alliances to become a community of common interests and provide integrated medical services for patients.