bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Apo‐Form Selective Inhibition of Indoleamine 2,3‐Dioxygenase**
Authors: Ortiz‐Meoz Rodrigo F. , Wang Liping , Matico Rosalie , Rutkowska‐Klute Anna , De la Rosa Martha , Bedard Sabrina , Midgett Robert , Strohmer Katrin , Thomson Douglas , Zhang Cunyu , Mebrahtu Makda , Guss Jeffrey , Totoritis Rachel , Consler Thomas , Campobasso Nino , Taylor David , Lewis Tia , Weaver Kurt , Muelbaier Marcel , Seal John , Dunham Richard , Kazmierski Wieslaw , Favre David , Bergamini Giovanna , Shewchuk Lisa , Rendina Alan , Zhang Guofeng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIndoleamine‐2,3‐dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a heme‐containing enzyme that catalyzes the rate‐limiting step in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan (TRP) metabolism. As it is an inflammation‐induced immunoregulatory enzyme, pharmacological inhibition of IDO1 activity is currently being pursued as a potential therapeutic tool for the treatment of cancer and other disease states. As such, a detailed understanding of the mechanism of action of IDO1 inhibitors with various mechanisms of inhibition is of great interest. Comparison of an apo‐form‐binding IDO1 inhibitor (GSK5628) to the heme‐coordinating compound, epacadostat (Incyte), allows us to explore the details of the apo‐binding inhibition of IDO1. Herein, we demonstrate that GSK5628 inhibits IDO1 by competing with heme for binding to a heme‐free conformation of the enzyme (apo‐IDO1), whereas epacadostat coordinates its binding with the iron atom of the IDO1 heme cofactor. Comparison of these two compounds in cellular systems reveals a long‐lasting inhibitory effect of GSK5628, previously undescribed for other known IDO1 inhibitors. Detailed characterization of this apo‐binding mechanism for IDO1 inhibition might help design superior inhibitors or could confer a unique competitive advantage over other IDO1 inhibitors vis‐à‐vis specificity and pharmacokinetic parameters.
Photocaged Hoechst Enables Subnuclear Visualization and Cell Selective Staining of DNA in vivo
Authors: Lämmle Carina A. , Varady Adam , Müller Thorsten G. , Sturtzel Caterina , Riepl Michael , Mathes Bettina , Eichhorst Jenny , Sporbert Anje , Lehmann Martin , Kräusslich Hans‐Georg , Distel Martin , Broichhagen Johannes 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSelective targeting of DNA by means of fluorescent labeling has become a mainstay in the life sciences. While genetic engineering serves as a powerful technique and allows the visualization of nucleic acid by using DNA‐targeting fluorescent fusion proteins in a cell‐type‐ and subcellular‐specific manner, it relies on the introduction of foreign genes. On the other hand, DNA‐binding small fluorescent molecules can be used without genetic engineering, but they are not spatially restricted. Herein, we report a photocaged version of the DNA dye Hoechst33342 (pcHoechst), which can be uncaged by using UV to blue light for the selective staining of chromosomal DNA in subnuclear regions of live cells. Expanding its application to a vertebrate model organism, we demonstrate uncaging in epithelial cells and short‐term cell tracking in vivo in zebrafish. We envision pcHoechst as a valuable tool for targeting and interrogating DNA with precise spatiotemporal resolution in living cells and wild‐type organisms.
Characterization of a Mo‐Nitrogenase Variant Containing a Citrate‐Substituted Cofactor
Authors: Liedtke Jasper , Lee Chi Chung , Tanifuji Kazuki , Jasniewski Andrew J. , Ribbe Markus W. , Hu Yilin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNitrogenase converts N2 to NH3, and CO to hydrocarbons, at its cofactor site. Herein, we report a biochemical and spectroscopic characterization of a Mo‐nitrogenase variant expressed in an Azotobacter vinelandii strain containing a deletion of nifV, the gene encoding the homocitrate synthase. Designated NifDKCit, the catalytic component of this Mo‐nitrogenase variant contains a citrate‐substituted cofactor analogue. Activity analysis of NifDKCit reveals a shift of CO reduction from H2 evolution toward hydrocarbon formation and an opposite shift of N2 reduction from NH3 formation toward H2 evolution. Consistent with a shift in the Mo K‐edge energy of NifDKCit relative to that of its wild‐type counterpart, EPR analysis demonstrates a broadening of the line‐shape and a decrease in the intensity of the cofactor‐originated S=3/2 signal, suggesting a change in the spin properties of the cofactor upon citrate substitution. These observations point to a crucial role of homocitrate in substrate reduction by nitrogenase and the possibility to tune product profiles of nitrogenase reactions via organic ligand substitution.
HER2‐positive metastatic, parotid salivary duct carcinoma treated with a trastuzumab/pertuzumab‐based chemotherapy: A case report
Authors: Longo Raffaele , Legros Pierre‐Olivier , Talbi Marouane , Wagner Marc , Paraschiv Elena‐Adinisia , Campitiello Marco , Plastino Francesca , Rozzi Antonio 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis case highlights the rare entity, salivary duct carcinoma (SDC), which is difficult to diagnose and manage. It is the first published case of a metastatic, HER2‐positive parotid SDC successfully treated by a dual anti‐HER2 treatment associated to a chemotherapy.
A case report of eosinophilic gastroenteritis misdiagnosed as cholelithiasis
Authors: Li QianLong , He SuYu , Liu TianYu , He Lianfen , Jia Yingdong , Wu Hang , Yan Gaowu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEosinophilic gastroenteritis is not only easy to ignore in clinical practice, but also easy to miss in the process of pathological diagnosis. There is a need to consider it in the differential diagnosis of alimentary disease.
Renal impairment in Alport syndrome pregnant woman: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Pepe Franco , Di Guardo Federica , Zambrotta Elisa , Di Gregorio Luisa Maria , Insalaco Giulio , Cutello Silvia , La Rosa Valeria , Pepe Pietro 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPregnant women affected by Alport syndrome often struggle with worsening of renal function during pregnancy. We focused the attention on the optimal management of the kidney disease in these women in order to avoid maternal‐fetal complications.
Clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with reversible splenial lesion (MERS) associated with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia: An adult case and review of the literature
Authors: Sadohara Michito , Arai Tatsuya , Matsuura Kou 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMycoplasma pneumonia with mild CNS involvements should be considered of MERS, even in adult. From the case series, splenial single lesions by MRI and prodromal fever with varied neurological manifestations recovered completely by antibiotics were seen.
COVID‐19 and thalassemia beta major in splenectomized patient: Clinical case progression and literature review
Authors: Okar Lina , Ali Mohammad , Parengal Jabeed , Yassin Mohamed A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAlthough the possibility of asymptomatic course for COVID‐19 infection in splenectomized thalassemia beta major patients is present, screening them for COVID‐19 is important as the progression is still not clear.
Ultrasmall TiOx Nanoparticles Rich in Oxygen Vacancies Synthesized through a Simple Strategy for Ultrahigh‐Rate Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ma Zhong , Gao Xiguang , She Zimin , Pope Michael A. , Li Yuning 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUltrasmall particle size (<10 nm) and rich oxygen vacancies are two sought‐after characteristics for titanium dioxide (TiO2) to achieve high performance, namely, high rate and high storage capacity, when being used as an anode in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, free TiO2 particles simultaneously possessing both characteristics have not been reported, owing to the synthetic challenges. In this study, we report novel TiO2 nanoparticles with ultrasmall size (ca. 5–8 nm) as well as rich oxygen vacancies synthesized through a simple strategy. Specifically, porous carbon nanoparticles were used to confine the TiO2 precursor in the nanosized pores in the carbon nanoparticles, which were annealed at a high temperature in argon to produce the TiO2 nanoparticles with ultrasmall size and rich oxygen vacancies and subsequently annealed in air to burn away the carbon nanoparticles to afford the so‐called TiOx nanoparticles in a quantitative yield. The obtained anatase TiOx nanoparticles showed an exceptional ultrahigh‐rate lithium storage capability. A record reversible specific capacity of 235 mAh g−1 was achieved at the current density of 0.1 A g−1. Even at an ultrahigh rate of 10 A g−1 (ca. 59 C), it still delivered a specific capacity of 90 mAh g−1, which is five times that of the electrode made with the commercial anatase TiO2 nanoparticles. Furthermore, this electrode also showed an excellent cycling performance with capacity retentions of 87 % and 90 % at high rates of 1 A g−1 and 5 A g−1, respectively, after 1000 cycles. The strategy reported in this work can potentially be a universal method for synthesis of other metal oxides with ultrasmall particle size and rich oxygen vacancies.
Research Progress of Silicon/Carbon Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Structure Design and Synthesis Method
Authors: Li Xinzhi , Zhang Meng , Yuan Shuxia , Lu Chunxiang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSilicon has been considered as one of the best alternatives to replace widely used graphite anodes for lithium‐ion batteries, owing to its high theoretical capacity, proper working voltage, abundant availability, and environmental friendliness. Nevertheless, there are many obstacles that hamper the practical applications of silicon anode materials such as huge volume change, low electrical and ionic conductivity, and unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI), which lead to the pulverization of silicon and severe attenuation of capacity. Among numerous solutions, compounding with carbon is a promising and effective one that attracts more and more attention. In silicon/carbon (Si/C) hybrid anodes, Si acts as the active material that provides high capacity and carbon improves the conductivity as well as alleviates the expansion of Si. In this review, research progresses and developments of Si/C anode materials are summarized mainly from the point of structure design and synthesis methods. Issues and possible solutions are also discussed.
Visible‐Light‐Enabled C−H Functionalization by a Direct Hydrogen Atom Transfer Uranyl Photocatalyst
Authors: Yu Jipan , Zhao Chongyang , Zhou Rong , Gao Wenchao , Wang Shuai , Liu Kang , Chen Siyu , Hu Kongqiu , Mei Lei , Yuan Liyong , Chai Zhifang , Hu Hanshi , Shi Weiqun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe development of the uranyl cation as a powerful photocatalyst is seriously delayed in comparison with the advances in its fundamental and structural chemistry. However, its characteristic high oxidative capability in the excited state ([UO2]2+* (+2.6 V vs. SHE; SHE=standard hydrogen electrode) combined with blue‐light absorption (hv=380–500 nm) and a long‐lived fluorescence lifetime up to microseconds have reveals that the uranyl cation approaches an ideal photocatalyst for visible‐light‐driven organic transformations. Described herein is the successful use of uranyl nitrate as a photocatalyst to enable C(sp3)−H activation and C−C bond formation through hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) under blue‐light irradiation. In particular, this operationally simple strategy provides an appropriate approach to the synthesis of diverse and valuable diarylmethane motifs. Mechanistic studies and DFT calculations have provided insights into the detailed mechanism of the photoinduced HAT pathway. This research suggests a general platform that could popularize promising uranyl photocatalytic performance.
High‐Z Metal–Organic Frameworks for X‐ray Radiation‐Based Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Neufeld Megan J. , Lutzke Alec , Pratx Guillem , Sun Conroy 
Published: September 2020

AbstractX‐ray radiation is commonly employed in clinical practice for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Over the past decade, developments in nanotechnology have led to the use of high‐Z elements as the basis for innovative new treatment platforms that enhance the clinical efficacy of X‐ray radiation. Nanoscale metal–frameworks (nMOFs) are coordination networks containing organic ligands that have attracted attention as therapeutic platforms in oncology and other areas of medicine. In cancer therapy, X‐ray activated, high‐Z nMOFs have demonstrated potential as radiosensitizers that increase local radiation dose deposition and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This minireview summarizes current research on high‐Z nMOFs in cancer theranostics and discusses factors that may influence future clinical application.
Dual Crosslinking Photo‐Switches for Orthogonal Photo‐Control of Hybridization Between Serinol Nucleic Acid and RNA
Authors: Yamano Yuuhei , Murayama Keiji , Asanuma Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWavelength‐selective photo‐regulation by multiple chromophores responding to different wavelengths can expand the variation of photo‐manipulating systems. Herein, we report the orthogonal photo‐regulation of duplex formation between serinol nucleic acid (SNA) and RNA using light‐induced crosslinking reactions mediated by a new photo‐reactive nucleobase 8‐naphthylvinyladenine (NVA) and previously described 8‐pyrenylvinyladenine (PVA). An intrastrand crosslink was induced in an SNA strand containing two adjacent NVA residues by irradiation with 340–405 nm light; the crosslink was reversed by irradiation with ≤300 nm light. In an SNA strand with adjacent NVA and PVA residues, an intrastrand crosslink resulted from irradiation with 405–465 nm light that was reversed by irradiation with ≤340 nm light. Intrastrand photo‐crosslinking caused severe destabilization of an SNA/RNA duplex, resulting in dissociation to single strands. Cycloreversion resulted in duplex formation. With these NVA/NVA and NVA/PVA photo‐switches, four hybridization states of two SNA/RNA duplexes could be orthogonally photo‐controlled by irradiation with a suitable wavelength of light.
Brønsted Acid‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Cycloisomerization of Arylalkynes
Authors: Gicquiaud Julien , Abadie Baptiste , Dhara Kalyan , Berlande Murielle , Hermange Philippe , Sotiropoulos Jean‐Marc , Toullec Patrick Y. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe first example of an enantioselective carbocyclization of an alkyne‐containing substrate catalyzed by chiral Brønsted acids was achieved. The use of the 2‐hydroxynaphthyl substituent on the alkyne as a directing group constituted the key parameter enabling both efficient regioselective protonation of the carbon–carbon triple bond and chiral induction. The key cationic intermediate could be depicted either as a cationic vinylideneortho‐quinone methide or a stabilized vinyl cation. Atropoisomeric phenanthrenes derivatives were produced in high yields and good enantioselectivities under mild, metal‐free reaction conditions in the presence of chiralN‐triflylphosphoramide catalysts. The carbenic nature of the cationic intermediate was also exploited to describe an example of alkyne/alkane cycloisomerization.
Alcohols as Fluoroalkyl Synthons: Ni‐catalyzed Dehydrogenative Approach to Access Polyfluoroalkyl Bis‐indoles
Authors: Arun V. , Roy Lisa , De Sarkar Suman 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAn acceptorless dehydrogenative strategy for the synthesis of polyfluoroalkylated bis‐indoles is described by employing an earth‐abundant nickel‐based catalytic system under air. The notable feature of the present transformation is the use of bench stable and easily affordable polyfluorinated alcohols without any pre‐functionalization for the introduction of precious polyfluoroalkyl groups. The developed straightforward protocol accomplished biologically relevant fluoroalkyl bis‐indoles in a sustainable fashion. Extensive DFT study predicts the unique role of indole molecules which stabilizes the transition states during the dehydrogenation process of polyfluorinated alcohols, presumably through non‐covalent π⋅⋅⋅π and H‐bonding interactions.
Selenium and Tellurium Derivatives of Corannulene: Serendipitous Discovery of a One‐Dimensional Stereoregular Coordination Polymer Crystal Based on Te‐O Backbone and Side‐Chain Aromatic Array
Authors: Barát Viktor , Stuparu Mihaiela C. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMonobromo‐, tetrabromo‐, and pentachloro‐corannulene are subjected to nucleophilic substitution reactions with tolyl selenide and phenyl telluride‐based nucleophiles generated in situ from the corresponding dichalcogenides. In the case of selenium nucleophile, the reaction provides moderate yields (52–77 %) of the targeted corannulene selenoethers. A subsequent oxidation of the selenium atoms proceeds smoothly to furnish corannulene selenones in 81–93 % yield. In the case of tellurides, only monosubstitution of the corannulene scaffold could be achieved albeit with concomitant oxidation of the tellerium atom. Unexpectedly, this monotelluroxide derivative of corannulene (RR'Te=O, R=Ph, R’=corannulene) is observed to form a linear coordination polymer chain in the crystalline state. In this chain, Te‐O constitutes the polymer backbone around which the aromatic groups (R and R’) arrange as polymer side‐chains. The polymer crystal is stabilized through intramolecular π–π stacking interactions of the side‐chains and intermolecular hydrogen and halogen bonding interactions with the solvent (chloroform) molecules. Interestingly, each diad of the polymer chain is racemic. Therefore, in terms of stereoregularity, the polymer chain can be described as syndiotactic.
Variations and model of the rheological parameters of low damage BCG − CO2 fracturing fluid
Authors: Luo Xiangrong , Li Jianshan , Pan Qianhong , Qi Yin , Huang Penggang , Zhang Pengfei , Wang Shuzhong , Ren Xiaojuan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA BCG − CO2 fracturing fluid composed of a new thickener and CO2 causes low amounts of formation damage, and it can be used to stimulate low‐permeability gas reservoirs with water sensitivity. However, at present the rheological properties of this foam fracturing fluid are unclear, which has limited its field application to some degree. The main purpose of this study was to ascertain the rheological parameters and a model of the BCG − CO2 fracturing fluid. The rheological properties of the BCG − CO2 fracturing fluid were evaluated by using a foam rheological test system. The unfoamed condition test results showed that when the shear rate was lower than 1000 s−1, the effective viscosity exhibited a rapid decreasing trend. The effective viscosity of the BCG − CO2 fracturing fluid was 4 to 26 mPa · s under foamed conditions. The comparison results showed that the viscosity of the BCG − CO2 foam was suitable as a low damage fracturing fluid. The measured data were fitted using the H‐B and power law models in this study. The power law model, by contrast, was fit for describing the relationship between shear rate and shear stress. The foamed condition rheological index n′ first decreased and then increased with increasing foam quality, and the rheological coefficient k′ first increased and then decreased with increasing foam quality. For the different foam qualities, the rheological index n′ first increased and then decreased with increasing temperature. The rheological coefficient k′ showed a decreasing trend with increasing temperature. When an exponential function, in which the foam quality and temperature were independent, was used for fitting, it was not accurate in predicting the rheological properties. The fitting results based on a quadratic polynomial surface model were better. The average calculation errors of the rheological parameters were all less than 3.32%. The findings of this study can help develop a better understanding of the heat transfer and flow coupling process in wellbore and fracture in fracturing treatment.
Synthesis of Two‐dimensional Metallic Nanosheets: From Elemental Metals to Chemically Complex Alloys
Authors: Yu Qing , Yang Yong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUltrathin two‐dimensional (2D) metallic materials with single‐ or few‐atom thickness, emerging as one new class of 2D materials, have attracted extraordinary interest due to their fantastic physical and chemical properties, and great potential applications in catalysis, biomedicine, electronics/optoelectronic devices, sensing, and energy storage. In contrast with graphene‐like 2D layered materials, facile fabrication of ultrathin 2D metallic materials remains a great challenge owing to their intrinsic tendency of metals to form three‐dimensional (3D) close‐packed structures. This article reviews and summarizes the recent progress‐both experimental and theoretical‐ in the synthesis of 2D metallic nanosheets from mono‐elemental metals to chemically complex alloys and offers perspectives and challenges on the future developments in this field.
Highly Symmetrical Rh Nanonail Flowers
Authors: Fu Weichu , Lu Ying , Fang Yuan , Su Manman , Zhao Yanxi , Huang Tao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUniform and well‐defined Rh nanonail flowers were successfully prepared by a facile solvothermal approach. The as‐prepared Rh nanonail flower with a crown diameter of about 90 nm consisted of twelve uniform nanonails originated from the same center with highly symmetrical distribution, in which each nanonail bounded with {111} facets was about 45 nm in length comprised of a pentaprism‐shaped nail stem of 10 nm in cross section and a pentapyramid‐shaped nail cap of 20 nm in diameter. The volume ratio of ethylamine (EA)/oleamine (OAm) was essential for the formation of the highly symmetrical Rh nanonail flowers. The selective adsorption of EA and OAm on (111) and (100) planes of the dodecahedral seeds, followed by the lateral epitaxial growth and the axial growth of pentagonal surfaces, drove to form the pentapyramid caps and pentaprism stems, respectively. The as‐prepared Rh nanonail flowers demonstrated significantly enhanced electrocatalytic activity and higher stability than commercial Rh black.
A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐ and Positive‐Controlled, 4‐Period Crossover Study of the Effects of Solriamfetol on QTcF Intervals in Healthy Participants
Authors: Zomorodi Katie , Chen Dan , Lee Lawrence , Swearingen Dennis , Carter Lawrence P. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSolriamfetol, a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, is approved (United States and European Union; Sunosi) to treat excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy (75‐150 mg/day) or obstructive sleep apnea (37.5‐150 mg/day). A thorough QT/QTc study assessed solriamfetol effects on QT interval (Fridericia correction for heart rate; QTcF). This randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐ and positive‐controlled, 4‐period crossover study compared single doses of 300 and 900 mg solriamfetol, 400 mg moxifloxacin, and placebo in healthy adults. Placebo‐ and predose‐adjusted mean differences in QTcF (ddQTcF; primary end point) were analyzed, and solriamfetol pharmacokinetics were characterized. Fifty‐five participants completed all periods. Upper bounds of 2‐sided 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for ddQTcF for both solriamfetol doses were <10 milliseconds at all postdose time points. Assay sensitivity was demonstrated with moxifloxacin; lower bounds of 2‐sided 90%CIs for ddQTcF > 5 milliseconds at 1, 2, and 3 hours postdose. There were no QTcF increases > 60 milliseconds or QTcF values > 480 milliseconds at either solriamfetol dose. Solriamfetol median tmax was 2‐3 hours; exposure was dose‐proportional. More participants experienced adverse events (AEs) after solriamfetol 900 versus 300 mg (70% vs 29%); none were serious (all mild/moderate), and there were no deaths. Common AEs were nausea, dizziness, and palpitations. Neither solriamfetol dose resulted in QTcF prolongation > 10 milliseconds.