bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Prediction Method for Power Transformer State Parameters Based on Grid Long Short-Term Memory Network
Authors: Dai Jiejie , Song Hui , Wan Xiaoqi , Yan Yingjie , Sheng Gehao , Jiang Xiuchen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Power transformer state parameter prediction analysis can provide strongly technical support for equipment state assessment. The available transformer state parameter prediction models are mainly based on the very limited number of state parameters for analysis and judgment. So, the stability and the intelligence of prediction still need improvement. Based on the large amount of information of transformer equipment state, the data of environmental meteorological and grid operation, this paper proposes a transformer state parameter prediction method using deep mining of complex associations with the grid long short-term memory network (GLSTM). Association relationships captured from GLSTM are used to correct the prediction of state parameters. Finally, the method is applied to the top oil temperature trend prediction of a 500 kV transformer. The results show that the proposed method can mine and analyze the relationship between the influencing factors of equipment state. Compared with the prediction methods without considering the correlation and the traditional methods, the association relation extracted by GLSTM improves the stability of the prediction model and reduces the prediction error.
Identification of hidden dangers in transmission line corridors based on hybrid algorithms
Authors: Zheng Wenjie , Li Chengqi , Yang Bo , Sun Xiaobin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Computers automatically recognize hidden dangers in photos taken from transmission line corridors to greatly reduce the workload of transmission line patrol personnel. However, transmission line corridors are complex and hidden dangers in the scene are diverse, which bring great difficulties to the identification of hidden dangers. To solve this problem, this paper proposes various algorithms to identify various hidden dangers separately based on their sample size and characteristics of hidden dangers. Firstly, we identify construction machinery based on CNN algorithm by making use of massive samples. Secondly, we identify fires by using features including color and texture based on SVM. Finally, we identify foreign objects on transmission lines with Bresenham algorithm based on the geometric characteristics of transmission lines. In order to verify the practicality of the above algorithms, we collect tens of thousands of photos taken by cameras deployed on transmission towers and select different samples from them to test the above algorithms separately, whose results show that our algorithms achieved acceptable recognition accuracy.
Research on Low Power Sensor Networking Technology of Transformer Equipment Based on Node Energy
Authors: Bai Demeng , Lin Yi Yang,Ying , Li Chengqi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
With the development of smart grid and Internet of Things technology, the level of substation intellectualization is getting higher and higher. In order to monitor the substation equipment in real time and obtain the information of equipment operation status, a large number of monitoring sensors are installed on the equipment. Because of the complex internal environment and many dangerous factors in the substation, monitoring nodes usually use wireless communication and rely on their own batteries for power supply. Because the replacement of batteries is not convenient, node power consumption is very important for its lifetime. Traditional monitoring devices install SIM card, but according to this way, the power consumption of the device is large, so it needs to be connected separately to supply power for the device. At present, the main method is to form a network in the station, and the nodes gather information uniformly in the station. Because of the different transmission distance, each node sends information directly, which leads to its own battery consumption too fast, and the generation time of nodes is relatively short. In order to prolong working time and improve energy efficiency, a low-power sensor network technology based on node energy for transformer equipment is proposed in this paper. The energy consumption of each node is balanced by considering the node energy in the process of information transmission, thus prolonging the node lifetime and monitoring the network lifetime.
The Development of Mobile On-line Partial Discharge Monitoring System of XLPE Cable
Authors: Yue Zhang , Yiming Zang , Xiaoxin Chen , Yong Qian , Gehao Sheng , Xiuchen Jiang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The existing on-line monitoring systems of cable are poor in mobility, cost performance and networking mode. Aiming at these deficiencies, a mobile on-line partial discharge monitoring system of XLPE cable is designed and developed in this paper. Besides the analysis of partial discharge pulse and diagnosis for cable insulation, the system features on flexible networking modes. The paper describes the hardware theory, development process details and significant parameters. And the architecture and interface of the system’s software are also demonstrated. A series of test and installation proves that, this is a flexible, stable, reliable system which can satisfy the requirement on on-line partial discharge monitoring of XLPE cable.
“Point-like” neutron source based on D-D fusion reaction
Authors: Shaposhnikov R A , Golubev S V , Skalyga V A , Izotov I V , Razin S V , Sidirov A V , Lapin R L , Vybin S S , Yu Kazakov M , Bokhanov A F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the results of a “point-like” neutron source development based on the D-D fusion reaction that occurs when a focused deuterium ion beam hits deuterium-containing target. The obtained neutron yield from 1 mm emitting region reached values 1010 s−1 at ion beam current value 60 mA and its energy 80 keV.
Computation of High-Speed Plasma Flows in the Conditions of Thermochemical Non-Equilibrium
Authors: Molchanov A M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A numerical method is proposed for computing an ionized high-speed flow in the conditions of thermal and chemical nonequilibrium, taking into account the interaction of a moving electrically conductive continuous medium with an electromagnetic field. These flows are described by a fully coupled system of equations, which includes the equations of continuity, momentum, total energy, rotational energy, vibrational energy, electron energy, and mass conservation of chemical components. Electrical conductivity is determined using the kinetic theory. A special explicit-implicit scheme with alternation in half steps in time was proposed for numerical solution of rigid equations of chemical components and energy modes. That made it possible to solve a completely coupled system of equations with a large number of components and modes quickly and effectively. The developed method was used for numerical simulation of the physic process of interaction of a magnetic field with an ionized flow. The results of computations preformed by the proposed method are in satisfactory agreement with experimental data and computation results of other authors.
Joint liquid-vapor approach development at solution of different heat and mass transfer problems
Authors: Shishkova I N , Kryukov A P , Yu Levashov V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Paper is devoted to a research of heat-mass transfer processes near the boundary surface liquid-vapor taking into account interference of each phase at each other. For these purposes the approach allowing to carry out the description as a liquid and vapor phase on the basis of a uniform computing algorithm is presented. The offered approach is based on the numerical solution of the of Boltzmann kinetic equation, but at the same time the assumption of the invariance of a state (parameters) of the condensed phase isn’t used. The theme of the impact of multiparticle interaction at values of macro-parameters in the vapor field and in the condensed phase is considered.
Compact plasmatron with diverging rod electrodes
Authors: Rogosin K A , Kon’kov A A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A device for treating polymer surfaces with low-temperature plasma is described. The basic principle of the device is based on the increasment of the surface energy resulting from plasma treatment of the polymer. Plasma is generated by the breakdown of atmospheric pressure air with a high voltage of 15-20 kV. The discharge current reached 10-20 mA. Goniometric measurements of wetting angles showed improved wetting of the surface of the polymers.
Lithium deposits from the T-10 tokamak after experiments with lithium capillary-porous system
Authors: Budaev V P , Khimchenko L N , Fedorovich S D , Grashin S A , Lubenchenko A V , Van Oost G , Karpov A V , Rogozin K A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The structure of lithium deposited specimens at the T-10 tokamak vessel after examination of lithium capillary porous system were analysed. Scanning electron microscopy have been used to analyse the deposits. Composites of lithium carbonate LixCOy have been found by analysis. Plasma irradiation of these lithium specimens have been carried out in the PLM plasma device with plasma parameters similar to the tokamak divertor plasma. Stationary plasma load up to 1 MW/m2 during 200 minutes in the PLM provided the change of surface morphology revealed by post-mortem analysis.
The heat exchange reduction of tungsten “fuzz” surface irradiated with helium plasma in the PLM device
Authors: Gerasimov D N , Fedorovich S D , Budaev V P , Morgunova S B , Karpov A V , Zakletskii Z A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this work, we measured thermal conductivity of tungsten surface layers grown under helium plasma irradiation in the PLM device at NRU “MPEI”. A stochastic nanostructured fuzz-type surface with fibers of less than 50 nm has grown on the irradiated samples. The duration of discharges in the PLM reached 200 minutes, the thermal load on the surface of the test plates during plasma irradiation was more than 1 MW / m2 and more. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed the nanostructured fuzz layer of the depth of approximately 1.6 µm on the tungsten exposed to plasma at 950 °C. The density of fuzz layer was observed to depend on the plasma load. We adopted the well-established laser flashing method in order to measure the heat transfer characteristics of tungsten nanostructured surface. Results from measurements show that heat exchange was reduced in the fuzz layers compared to that of pristine tungsten. This reduction can be attributed to the fuzz fibers on the surface.
Application of neural network technologies in power engineering
Authors: Andryushin A V , Arakelyan E K , Shcherbatov I A , Kosoy A A , Dolbikova N S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this work, key areas of artificial neural networks using in the energy sector are highlighted. The application of neural network technologies to assess the current technical condition of energy equipment, systems and tools for various purposes is implemented on classification algorithms, allowing to establish the degree of closeness of the current technical state to the “normal” state through the use of key technological (diagnostic) parameters. The prediction of operating modes (normal, emergency, etc.), the occurrence of defects, failures and accidents is carried out by establishing functional dependencies using historical data on the operation of power equipment. The data accumulated for different periods are used to predict the consumption of various types of energy and loads during these periods. On the basis of neural network algorithms, operational intelligent control of the operating modes of energy facilities is implemented, and systems for dispatch control, decision support, repair management, etc. are developed.
Experimental study of hydrodynamics and heat transfer in two-phase natural circulation loop with reference passive cooling systems of nuclear power plants
Authors: Kabankov O N , Sukomel L A , Yagov V V , Zubov N O 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In spite of long year practical use of natural circulation systems and not less long period of study working characteristics of these systems the problem of reliable predicting calculations of natural circulation loops (NCL) with boiling coolant at low reduced pressures is not likely can be considered as being solved. At the same time the interest to solution of this problem arises today, because low pressure natural circulation loops are considered as main type of post accident passive cooling systems for nuclear power plants. The main difficulties for calculations are concerned with determining friction pressure losses, which are strongly depended on two-phase flow pattern. At low reduced pressures large difference between liquid and vapour (gas) specific volumes predetermines the strong change of flow pattern even at small change of mass flow quality. An attempts to calculate local two-phase flow parameters (void fraction, circulation velocity) in the wide range of mass flow qualities without considering the change of flow patterns often lead to large deviations of calculated values from the results of experimental measurements. Another specific feature of two-phase low pressure NCL is hydrodynamic flow instability with circulation velocity pulsations of high amplitude and the occurrence of reverse flows. This also presents problems in developing calculation method. In present paper a method for calculating a low-pressure NCL has been developed, in which local two-phase flow parameters (void fraction, the phases velocities, pressure) are calculated using a modified homogeneous model with taking into account the distribution factor and the phases slip and a model of an annular-dispersed flow with considering droplets entrainment and deposition. A modified homogeneous model was applied for description quasihomogeneous flow regimes. At high values of void fraction annular-dispersed flow model was used. Recommendations for change from one model to another in practical calculations have been formulated and verified. The proposed calculation method has been verified by the comparison the calculated thermo-hydraulic characteristics of laboratory natural circulation loop with the experimental data. The experiments have been carried out for boiling in the loop of three different liquids – water, ethanol and perfluorohexane (FC-72) at atmospheric pressure. The comparison of calculated and experimental results showed their good agreement.
Comparative analysis of MSW thermal utilization technologies for environment friendly WtE plant
Authors: Efremov A N , Dudolin A A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A comparison of the technologies of thermal utilization of solid chemical waste was carried out, the advantages and disadvantages of the thermal utilization technologies of WtE thermal power plants used in worldwide were given. A method of comparison and selection of the preferred technology of thermal utilization, depending on the specific conditions of the placement of TPPs at MSW, is proposed. Thermal utilization can be classified into three categories (combustion, gasification and pyrolysis), the difference between them lies in the amount of excessive air present in combustion chamber. The gasification technology that can be often in use in WtE can be divided into two main types – slugging gasification and plasma gasification.
Laser-driven magneto-inertial fusion with magnetized cylindrical target
Authors: Kuzenov V V , Shumaev V V , Dobrynina A O 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Laser-driven magneto-inertial fusion assumed plasma and magnetic flux compression by quasisymmetric laser-driven implosion of magnetized target. We develop a 1D radiation magnetohydrodynamic code and a formulation for the one-fluid two-temperature equations for simulating compressible non-equilibrium magnetized target plasma. Laser system with pulse radiation with 10 ns duration is considered for numerical experiments. A numerical study of a scheme of magnetized laser-driven implosion in the external magnetic field is carried out.
Stress Detection using Galvanic Skin Response: An Android Application
Authors: Navea Roy Francis , Buenvenida Paul John , Cruz Christian Dave 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Stress is one of the factors that affect human health in many aspects. It is considered as one of the culprits in increasing the risk of getting sick that could probably lead to critical physical or mental illnesses. Stress can be experienced everywhere and in different circumstances. Hence, stress should be controlled and managed by monitoring its progress or regress. Physiological information can be used to determine stress levels. One of these is the Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) that utilizes skin conductance which is known to be directly involved in the emotional behavioural regulation in humans. In this study, a method on how to determine stress when a person is engaged in mobile communication is proposed. An Android application was developed that is capable of determining the stress level of a person while doing SMS composition. GSR data were utilized and the performance of the proposed method was found of no significant difference with a commercially available device. Factors like phone size and period of texting was investigated and were found out that these only contribute an extremely low level of stress. The developed App could be used to determine stress levels especially if emotional conversations are considered.
Design and Development of Artificial Spinal Ligaments for Paediatric Synthetic Spine
Authors: Muhayudin Nor Amalina , Basaruddin Khairul Salleh , McEvoy Fiona , Tansey Anthony 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A synthetic spine is a model fabricated from artificial materials consisting of the vertebrae, intervertebral discs and ligaments for spinal testing. The synthetic spine overcomes many difficulties associated with biological specimens such as handling, biohazard concerns, high costs, and limited availability of specimens, quality and large inter-specimen variability. This paper presents the design and development of spinal ligaments to mimic the stiffness of the paediatric ligaments for use in the synthetic spine. Spinal ligaments are uniaxial structures in the spine that carry tensile loads along the direction of the fibres. Early in the research, silicone materials were used to cover the whole spinal unit, but it became apparent that the material responses were inadequate. The synthetic spine was revised to use fibreglass tape to more closely simulate the natural spinal structures. The composite design applied in this paper consisted of soft silicone rubber and fibreglass tape to obtain the natural stiffness that normally occurred in the spinal ligaments.
Implementing a Brain-Computer Interface Wheelchair in Home-Care Setting: Preliminary Result
Authors: Krishnan Kamala , Fan Tan Lee , Kiat Danny Ng Wee , Yau Goh Sing 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This main aim of this study is to implement the brain-computer interface wheelchair in a home-care setting for the occupant’s benefit. Two patients suffered from motor neuron diseases (MND) and were recruited from local elderly home care. The wheelchair was set-up and test trials were conducted prior to the data collection. All the challenges faced during the process of implementation were recorded. Solutions were suggested accordingly.
Smoking status classification by optical spectroscopy and partial least square regression
Authors: Huong Audrey Kah Ching , Mahmud Wan Mahani Hafizah Wan , Tay Kim Gaik , Ngu Xavier Toh Ik 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Smoking status of individuals is often revealed through self-reported data and interviews. The incidence of false reports severely impairs the proper assessment of the individuals’ health conditions and their risk to tobacco associated diseases, delays clinical intervention and treatment services. This paper presents the use of optical technique combined with partial least square (PLS) regression model in the classification of smoking status. The focus of this work is on light absorbance signals (by skin tissue) in the wavelength range of 520 – 600 nm; based on these data dendogram and PLS techniques are used to estimate the number of likely clusters within the considered dataset and to predict smoking status of individuals, respectively. The results from the processing of spectral information of smoking and nonsmoking populations revealed a high misclassification rate of 26.67 % using dendrogram method, but a considerably high accuracy of 90 % evaluated via leave one out cross validation was obtained using PLS component number 4. This study concluded that the spectral oscillation patterns and descending rates corresponded to nonsmoking and smoking individuals could be differentiated and specified using PLS technique in the determination of smoking status.
Time-frequency EMG features comparison of biceps brachii and erector spinae in evaluating work level categories of RTW patients
Authors: Shair Ezreen Farina , Ahmad Siti Anom , Abdullah Abdul Rahim , Marhaban Mohammad Hamiruce , Tamrin Shamsul Bahri Mohd 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Electromyography (EMG) is one of the special tool in assessing human muscle performance. The muscle performance can be evaluated when there exist changes on both the amplitude and frequency simultaneously. However, various time-frequency EMG signal features from literature do not provide easy and direct interpretation of the muscle condition specifically for non-researchers in rehabilitation centers. This study investigates EMG behavior of biceps brachii and erector spinae based on new time-frequency EMG features during functional capacity evaluation (FCE)’s core-lifting task in evaluating work level categories of return to work patients. Surface EMG signals are filtered using band pass filter with cut-off frequency at 5-500 Hz and auto-segmented using spectrogram, while S-transform is used for the features extraction. Result shows that the differences of the proposed EMG features values are significant in indexing muscle performance and are good indicators for the determination of work level categories.
Variation of Stress Intensity Factor and Strain Energy Release Rate in Human Cortical Bone using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Salim Mohammad Shahril , Azahari Anis Najwa , Salleh Ahmad Faizal , Daud Ruslizam , Sakeran Hamzah 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Finite element modelling and analysis is an alternative way to study human fracture behaviour in biomechanics field compared to experimental test in laboratory. The aim of this study is to analyse the stress intensity factor (K) and strain energy release rate (J-integral) when three-point bending test and tensile test are applied on a two-dimensional (2D) cortical bone model developed by using finite element software with different applied loads and crack-to-width ratios. Two methods are used to to evaluate the values of K and J-integral which are Displacement Extrapolation Method (DEM) and CINT method. The values then been compared with other theoretical expression done by other researchers for validation purposes. It has been proved that by using CINT method, the error is very small compared to DEM method. As a result, stress intensity factor values increased as crack-to-width ratio increased and strain energy release rate also increased as crack-to-width ratio and loads increased. It can be concluded that finite element analysis can be used to study the fracture behaviour of human cortical bone. Therefore, researchers can easily study the behaviour of cortical bone using simulation instead of mechanical experiment.