bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal convolutional networks allow early prediction of events in critical care
Authors: Catling Finneas J R , Wolff Anthony H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objective
Clinical interventions and death in the intensive care unit (ICU) depend on complex patterns in patients’ longitudinal data. We aim to anticipate these events earlier and more consistently so that staff can consider preemptive action.

Materials and Methods
We use a temporal convolutional network to encode longitudinal data and a feedforward neural network to encode demographic data from 4713 ICU admissions in 2014–2018. For each hour of each admission, we predict events in the subsequent 1–6 hours. We compare performance with other models including a recurrent neural network.

Results
Our model performed similarly to the recurrent neural network for some events and outperformed it for others. This performance increase was more evident in a sensitivity analysis where the prediction timeframe was varied. Average positive predictive value (95% CI) was 0.786 (0.781–0.790) and 0.738 (0.732–0.743) for up- and down-titrating FiO2, 0.574 (0.519–0.625) for extubation, 0.139 (0.117–0.162) for intubation, 0.533 (0.492–0.572) for starting noradrenaline, 0.441 (0.433–0.448) for fluid challenge, and 0.315 (0.282–0.352) for death.

Discussion
Events were better predicted where their important determinants were captured in structured electronic health data, and where they occurred in homogeneous circumstances. We produce partial dependence plots that show our model learns clinically-plausible associations between its inputs and predictions.

Conclusion
Temporal convolutional networks improve prediction of clinical events when used to represent longitudinal ICU data.
Effects of dietary fiber sources during late gestation and lactation on sow performance, milk quality, and intestinal health in piglets1
Authors: Shang Qinghui , Liu Hansuo , Liu Sujie , He Tengfei , Piao Xiangshu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with 2 sources of fiber, sugar beet pulp (SBP), and wheat bran (WB), on sow performance, milk quality, and intestinal health in piglets. Forty-five multiparous sows at day 85 of gestation were allocated to the following 3 treatments: 1) a corn-soybean meal basal diet (CON); 2) the CON diet supplemented with 20% SBP in gestation and 10% SBP in lactation (SBP); and 3) the CON diet supplemented with 30% WB in gestation and 15% WB in lactation (WB). The SBP diets increased (P &lt; 0.05) sow ADFI during lactation, litter and piglet weaning weight, piglet ADG, immunoglobulin A (IgA), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in the colostrum and IgA levels in the milk, while the WB diets only increased (P &lt; 0.05) IL-10 levels in the milk when compared with the CON diets. Piglets from SBP-fed sows had greater (P &lt; 0.05) serum growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels than those from WB-fed or CON-fed sows, whereas piglets from WB-fed sows had greater (P &lt; 0.05) serum GH levels than those from CON-fed sows. Serum diamine oxidase activity, endotoxin, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were reduced (P &lt; 0.05) in piglets from SBP-fed or WB-fed sows. Piglets from SBP-fed sows also had greater (P &lt; 0.05) serum IL-10 levels than those from CON-fed sows. The ileal mRNA expression of TNF-α was reduced (P &lt; 0.05) in piglets from SBP-fed or WB-fed sows. Piglets from SBP-fed sows had lower (P &lt; 0.05) IL-6 expression, and greater (P &lt; 0.05) IL-10 expression and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) levels in the ileum than those from WB- or CON-fed sows. Piglets from WB-fed sows had greater (P &lt; 0.05) IL-10 expression and SIgA levels compared with those from CON-fed sows. The ileal mRNA expression of occludin in the ileum was greater (P &lt; 0.05) in piglets from SBP-fed sows than those from CON-fed sows. The ileal mRNA expression of ZO-1 was greater (P &lt; 0.05) in piglets from WB-fed sows than those from CON-fed sows, but lower (P &lt; 0.05) than those from SBP-fed sows. Piglets from SBP-fed sows had greater (P &lt; 0.05) abundance of Christensenellaceae and butyrate levels in the colon, while piglets from WB-fed sows had greater (P &lt; 0.05) abundance of Lactobacillaceae. Collectively, maternal SBP supplementation was more effective than WB in improving milk quality, enhancing growth performance and intestinal barrier function, and ameliorating intestinal inflammation in piglets.
Evaluation of Soybean for Resistance to Neohyadatothrips variabilis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Noninfected and Infected With Soybean Vein Necrosis Virus
Authors: Lagos-Kutz D , Pawlowski M L , Haudenshield J , Han J , Domier L L , Hartman G L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Soybean vein necrosis virus (SVNV) was first identified in Arkansas and Tennessee in 2008 and is now known to be widespread in the United States and Canada. Multiple species of thrips transmit this and other tospoviruses with Neohydatothrips variabilis (Beach) (soybean thrips) cited as the most efficient vector for SVNV. In this study, 18 soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., genotypes were evaluated in four experiments by infesting plants with noninfected and SVNV-infected thrips using choice and no-choice assays. In both choice experiments with noninfected and SVNV-infected thrips, the lowest number of immature soybean thrips occurred on plant introductions (PIs) 229358 and 604464 while cultivars Williams 82 and Williamsfield Illini 3590N supported higher counts of mature thrips. The counts between the two assays (noninfected and SVNV-infected thrips) were positively correlated. In both no-choice experiments with noninfected and SVNV-infected thrips, counts of thrips did not differ by soybean genotypes. Further studies are needed to characterize the inheritance and mechanisms involved in the resistance found in the choice assay.
The Effects of Constant and Fluctuating Temperatures on Development of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae), the Asian Citrus Psyllid
Authors: Milosavljević Ivan , McCalla Kelsey A , Morgan David J W , Hoddle Mark S 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe effects of six average daily temperatures, 15, 20, 25, 30, 32, and 35°C, that were either constant or fluctuating over 24 h on development times of California-sourced Diaphorina citri Kuwayama nymphs were examined. Thermal performance curves for immature stages of D. citri were characterized using one linear and six nonlinear models (i.e., Ratkowsky, Lobry-Rosso-Flandrois, Lactin-2, Brière-2, Beta, and Performance-2). Daily thermal fluctuations had significant effects on development times of D. citri nymphs, which differed across experimental temperatures. Diaphorina citri nymphs reared at constant temperatures completed development faster than those reared under fluctuating profiles with equivalent temperature means. Linear model estimates of degree-days required for completion of cumulative development of D. citri were 25% lower for constant temperatures when compared with fluctuating temperature regimens. Nonlinear model estimations of optimum developmental temperature and upper theoretical temperature bounds for development were similar for individuals reared under constant and fluctuating temperatures. Nevertheless, the estimated values of lower theoretical temperature limits above which development occurred were lower under fluctuating than constant temperatures. A meta-analysis of published D. citri temperature-dependent development literature, synthesizing datasets of five globally distributed populations (Brazil, California, China, Florida, and Japan) reared under different constant temperatures on six different host plants (i.e., Citrus limonia, C. sinensis cv Natal, C. sinensis cv. Pêra, C. reticulata, Fortunella margarita, and Murraya paniculata), together with the results of this study (C. volkameriana), revealed convergence in estimates of developmental parameters. These results have implications for predicting D. citri invasion and establishment risk and subsequent population performance across various climactic gradients and geographic regions.
On Frequent Batch Auctions for Stocks
Authors: Jagannathan Ravi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
I show that frequent batch auctions for stocks have the potential to reduce the severity of stock price crashes when they occur. For a given sequence of orders from a continuous electronic limit order book market, matching orders using one-second apart batch auctions results in nearly the same trades and prices. Increasing the time interval between auctions to one minute significantly reduces the severity stock price crashes. In spite of this and other advantages pointed out in the literature, frequent batch auctions have not caught on. There is a need for carefully designed market experiments to understand why and what aspect of reality academic research may be missing.
Integration at work: Migrant healthcare professionals in two Spanish hospitals
Authors: Finotelli Claudia 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Organisations’ logics play a crucial role in the integration of immigrants. This article aims to contribute to the relatively unexplored field of immigrant integration in organisations by analysing the workplace integration of healthcare professionals in two Spanish hospitals. Analysis shows how the lack of an official integration strategy in Spain does not seem to have significantly affected inclusion mechanisms of healthcare migrant workers in two large Spanish hospitals. Organisations’ internal logics indeed represent a relevant variable to understanding the process of integration and how conflicts can be de-escalated in organisations. As interviews reveal, workplace integration is not perceived as a cultural problem to the extent that healthcare professionals adapt to the way of working and establishing relationships in each hospital. Differences among professional categories are more important than ethnic diversity since immigrant integration is considered a question of professional rather than cultural assimilation. Yet, major obstacles to immigrant integration seem to proceed from the existing barriers to permanent employment of third-country nationals and cumbersome administrative procedures for foreign credentials recognition.
‘I don’t want to have a separated home’: Reckoning family and return migration among married Nigerians in China
Authors: Adebayo Kudus Oluwatoyin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe growing ‘Africans in China’ literature has documented the extent and extensiveness of flows from Africa to Chinese cities. However, return migration has not received much attention, and even less is known about the role of the family in return consideration. The article focuses on how married Nigerians reckon return and family in Guangzhou city using data from ethnographic observations and interviews with 25 participants. While the family is central to how married migrants think about return, the dynamics vary among the participants. Migrants whose spouses/children reside in Nigeria complain about being distant from their families and the challenge of unification and ‘absentee fatherhood’. Nigerian couples that live in Guangzhou as a family consider the high cost of raising children and the future competitiveness of their children as ‘China-educated’ as factors in return calculations. Moreover, despite living with their husbands in China, some Nigerian women desire to return to Nigeria to improve their lives, but they did not embark on a return journey to avoid family separation. Among Nigerians in an interracial relationship with Chinese women, the feeling of (un)belongingness resonates in their return consideration owing to poor experiences with access to residence permit and social welfare. While integration issues impact on return migration of married Nigerians in Guangzhou, the transnational practices of the men suggest that a return behaviour would probably accompany return consideration.
Optimal gridding and degridding in radio interferometry imaging
Authors: Ye Haoyang , Gull Stephen F , Tan Sze M , Nikolic Bojan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In radio interferometry imaging, the Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is often used to compute maps from visibility data. A gridding procedure for convolving the measured visibilites with a chosen gridding function is used to transform visibility values into uniformly sampled grid points. We propose here a parameterised family of ‘least-misfit gridding functions’ which minimise an upper bound on the difference between the DFT and FFT dirty images for a given gridding support width and image cropping ratio. When compared with the widely used spheroidal function with similar parameters, these provide more than 100 times better alias suppression and RMS misfit reduction over the usable dirty map. We discuss how appropriate parameter selection and tabulation of these functions allow for a balance between accuracy, computational cost and storage size. Although it is possible to reduce the errors introduced in the gridding or degridding process to the level of machine precision, accuracy comparable to that achieved by CASA requires only a lookup table with 300 entries and a support width of 3, allowing for a greatly reduced computation cost for a given performance.
Short-term Increase in Risk of Overweight and Concomitant Systolic Blood Pressure Elevation in Treatment Naïve Persons Starting INSTI-based Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Galdamez Ronald , García José A , Fernández Marta , Robledano Catalina , Agulló Vanessa , García-Abellán Javier , Telenti Guillermo , Padilla Sergio , Gutiérrez Félix , Masiá Mar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) have been associated with weight gain, but their effect on short-term overweight/obesity incidence, blood pressure(BP) and metabolic markers change has not been described in treatment-naïve people with HIV(PWH).

Methods
Medical records of treatment-naïve persons starting ART at the HIV Clinic of University Hospital of Elche(Spain), between January 2007 and July 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Standard procedures included measurements of weight, BP and metabolic assessment. Data at baseline, 48, 72, and 96 weeks post ART initiation were analysed. We used Cox mixed-effects model to generate predictions of BMI over time and Generalized Additive Mixed Models(GAMM) to relax the linearity assumptions and generate 95% confidence intervals in the multivariable adjust.

Results
Among 219 (median age 44.0 years, IQR=37.0-53.5; 46 females) participants. Baseline weight mean(SD) was 70.4(13.7)kg without difference between regimens; 66% had a BMI <25 kg/mt2. The incidence of overweight/obesity was significantly greater in persons starting INSTI-based regimens: 15(36.6%) of 41 patients treated with INSTI vs 30(28.9%) of 104 treated with other ART regimens(HR 2.3, 95%CI, 1.2–4.4;p=0.011). In contrast to other ART regimens, patients treated with INSTI showed a significant increase in systolic BP(SBP) (adjusted increase 7.0 mmHg, 95%CI, 0.3–13.7;p=0.039) that was correlated with weight gain (r=0.13, 95%CI, 0.10-0.16;p<0.001). Patients who reached overweight/obesity in INSTI-based ART showed a significant increase in LDL cholesterol.

Conclusions
INSTI-based ART was associated in the short-term with a greater risk of overweight/obesity and SBP elevation. Patients developing overweight/obesity increased LDL cholesterol with no other metabolic disturbances.
Oral Vancomycin May Be Associated With Earlier Symptom Resolution Than Metronidazole for Hospitalized Children With Nonsevere Clostridioides difficile Infections
Authors: Yin Jianyi , Kociolek Larry K , Same Rebecca G , Hsu Alice J , Amoah Joe , Tamma Pranita D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objective
National guidelines recommend oral vancomycin over oral metronidazole as first-line treatment for nonsevere Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) in adults. Guidelines recommend metronidazole for children with nonsevere CDI, emphasizing that comparative effectiveness studies comparing the relative efficacy of vancomycin and metronidazole are lacking in children.

Method
We conducted an observational study of hospitalized children with nonsevere CDI treated with metronidazole versus vancomycin using an inverse probability of treatment-weighted propensity-score analysis. All of the following criteria had to be present for children with positive CDI testing for study eligibility: (1) ≥3 new-onset unformed stools within a 24-hour period; (2) 2–17 years of age; (3) hospitalization for ≥48 hours for CDI; (4) no laxative use ≤48 hours; (5) no alternate etiology for diarrhea; (6) no previous episode of CDI ≤3 months; (7) no concurrent non-CDI–targeted antibiotic therapy, and (8) no severe or fulminant CDI.

Results
One hundred ninety-two patients met eligibility criteria; 141 (73.4%) received oral metronidazole and 51 (26.6%) children received oral vancomycin. Baseline characteristics were similar between the 2 groups in the weighted cohort. Of 141 patients, 101 (71.7%) children receiving metronidazole had clinical improvement by day 5, whereas 44 of 51 (86.3%) cases resolved with vancomycin (odds ratio, 0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.17–0.97; P = .04). The odds of CDI recurrence within 12 weeks were similar between the groups.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that children with nonsevere CDI have earlier resolution of clinical symptoms when prescribed vancomycin compared with metronidazole. Large interventional studies are necessary to evaluate the reproducibility of our findings.
Mutation spectrum in GNAQ and GNA11 in Chinese uveal melanoma
Authors: Zhang Edward D , Zhang Meixia , Li Gen , Zhang Charlotte L , Li Zhihuan , Zang Guangxi , Su Zhiguang , Zhang Ming , Xiang Daoman , Zhao Ling , Zhu Jie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular cancer in the adult eye. R183 and Q209 were found to be mutational hotspots in exon 4 and exon 5 of GNAQ and GNA11 in Caucasians. However, only a few studies have reported somatic mutations in GNAQ or GNA11 in uveal melanoma in Chinese. We extracted somatic DNA from paraffin-embedded biopsies of 63 Chinese uveal melanoma samples and sequenced the entire coding regions of exons 4 and 5 in GNAQ and GNA11. The results showed that 33% of Chinese uveal melanoma samples carried Q209 mutations while none had R183 mutation in GNAQ or GNA11. In addition, seven novel missense somatic mutations in GNAQ (Y192C, F194L, P170S, D236N, L232F, V230A, and M227I) and four novel missense somatic mutations in GNA11 (R166C, I200T, S225F, and V206M) were found in our study. The high mutation frequency of Q209 and the novel missense mutations detected in this study suggest that GNAQ and GNA11 are common targets for somatic mutations in Chinese uveal melanoma.
Spectral fingerprints of facial affect processing bias in major depression disorder
Authors: Jiang Haiteng , Hua Lingling , Dai Zhongpeng , Tian Shui , Yao Zhijian , Lu Qing , Popov Tzvetan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In major depressive disorder (MDD), processing of facial affect is thought to reflect a perceptual bias (toward negative emotion, away from positive emotion, and interpretation of neutral as emotional). However, it is unclear to what extent and which specific perceptual bias is represented in MDD at the behavior and neuronal level. The present report examined 48 medication naive MDD patients and 41 healthy controls (HCs) performing a facial affect judgment task while magnetoencephalography was recorded. MDD patients were characterized by overall slower response times and lower perceptual judgment accuracies. In comparison with HC, MDD patients exhibited less somatosensory beta activity (20–30 Hz) suppression, more visual gamma activity (40–80 Hz) modulation and somatosensory beta and visual gamma interaction deficit. Moreover, frontal gamma activity during positive facial expression judgment was found to be negatively correlated with depression severity. Present findings suggest that perceptual bias in MDD is associated with distinct spatio-spectral manifestations on the neural level, which potentially establishes aberrant pathways during facial emotion processing and contributes to MDD pathology.
Electrophysiological features of sleep in children with Kir4.1 channel mutations and Autism–Epilepsy phenotype: a preliminary study
Authors: Cucchiara Federico , Frumento Paolo , Banfi Tommaso , Sesso Gianluca , Di Galante Marco , D’Ascanio Paola , Valvo Giulia , Sicca Federico , Faraguna Ugo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractStudy ObjectivesRecently, a role for gain-of-function (GoF) mutations of the astrocytic potassium channel Kir4.1 (KCNJ10 gene) has been proposed in subjects with Autism–Epilepsy phenotype (AEP). Epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are common and complexly related to sleep disorders. We tested whether well characterized mutations in KCNJ10 could result in specific sleep electrophysiological features, paving the way to the discovery of a potentially relevant biomarker for Kir4.1-related disorders.MethodsFor this case–control study, we recruited seven children with ASD either comorbid or not with epilepsy and/or EEG paroxysmal abnormalities (AEP) carrying GoF mutations of KCNJ10 and seven children with similar phenotypes but wild-type for the same gene, comparing period-amplitude features of slow waves detected by fronto-central bipolar EEG derivations (F3-C3, F4-C4, and Fz-Cz) during daytime naps.ResultsChildren with Kir4.1 mutations displayed longer slow waves periods than controls, in Fz-Cz (mean period = 112,617 ms ± SE = 0.465 in mutated versus mean period = 105,249 ms ± SE = 0.375 in controls, p &lt; 0.001). An analog result was found in F3-C3 (mean period = 125,706 ms ± SE = 0.397 in mutated versus mean period = 120,872 ms ± SE = 0.472 in controls, p &lt; 0.001) and F4-C4 (mean period = 127,914 ms ± SE = 0.557 in mutated versus mean period = 118,174 ms ± SE = 0.442 in controls, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThis preliminary finding suggests that period-amplitude slow wave features are modified in subjects carrying Kir4.1 GoF mutations. Potential clinical applications of this finding are discussed.
Effectiveness in adapting the implementation of the Early Care and Education Learning Collaboratives Project (ECELC) using real-world conditions
Authors: Garvin Teresa M , Chiappone Alethea , Weissenburger-Moser Boyd Lisa , Shuell Julie , Plumlee Catherine , Yaroch Amy L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The National Early Care and Education Learning Collaboratives Project (ECELC) was a multistate intervention that was highly effective in implementing best practices for healthy eating physical activity (HEPA) in early care and education (ECE) programs across the USA. The ECELC included didactic in-person learning sessions, technical assistance, and self-assessment-guided action planning. This study aimed to describe the effectiveness of adaptions to the self-assessments, learning sessions, and overall support, and also aimed to compare the effectiveness of each to the Original ECELC Model, when applicable. This study utilized a pre-poststudy design using data collected via the Nutrition and Physical Activity Self-Assessment for Child Care (NAP SACC) instrument for ECE programs that adapted the Original ECELC Model. Adaptations to the Original ECELC Model were found to promote best practices and policies with regard to Breastfeeding & Infant Feeding, Child Nutrition, Infant & Child Physical Activity, Outdoor Play & Learning, and/or Screen Time as demonstrated by the NAP SACC (p &lt; .05), with some exceptions of nonstatistically significant increases. Improvements were found to be statistically similar to improvements made among participants of the Original ECELC Model. Partner-driven, scalable, and customizable policy- and practice-based interventions to promote HEPA among children in ECE settings may serve as a key strategy to work toward reducing risk for childhood obesity.