bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quels résultats techniques et économiques en grands troupeaux de vaches allaitantes ? Le cas du Charolais
Authors: BEBIN D. , LHERM M. , LIENARD G. 
Published: July 2020

Les éleveurs de vaches allaitantes en système spécialisé sont conduits à agrandir leur surface et accroître les effectifs de leur troupeau, en permanence, car le nombre d’UGB par travailleur est un des facteurs les plus déterminants du revenu. Les exploitants du RICA (OTEX 42) avaient, en 1992, 37 vaches allaitantes en moyenne française et 46 pour la seule région de Bourgogne.
L’augmentation continue des effectifs de vaches par exploitation ne se fait-elle pas au détriment des performances techniques et économiques du cheptel ? La concentration d’animaux comporte des risques, certaines opérations d’élevage, notamment les vêlages et les soins aux jeunes veaux, ne sont pas mécanisables et demeurent contraignantes pour l’éleveur. En outre, la rentabilité relativement faible des bovins allaitants limite les capacités d’investissements des exploitants. L’article analyse le fonctionnement d’exploitations ayant de grands troupeaux charolais dans le Centre de la France (plus de 50 vêlages annuels par travailleur). Une présentation des performances zootechniques et des résultats économiques obtenus sur 13 années par 10 grands troupeaux est faite en comparaison avec ceux d’un échantillon Témoin de 37 exploitations suivies sur la même période et la même zone. Elle met en évidence une absence de dégradation des performances dans les grands troupeaux. Ce maintien des performances n’est pas acquis d’avance, il exige de nombreuses conditions : une grande technicité des éleveurs qui doivent savoir tirer parti des particularités de conduite des vaches allaitantes, des bâtiments adaptés, notamment des stabulations libres et des dispositifs d’aide à la surveillance des vêlages, une croissance en continu des troupeaux, réalisée essentiellement par croît interne avec l’élevage d’un nombre largement suffisant de génisses. L’adaptation des techniques est à faire en permanence. Mais l’effort principal est la capitalisation : celle-ci exige un sacrifice financier de la part des familles : en bilan cumulé sur 5 années, on constate que, dans les grands troupeaux, 37 % du revenu a été immobilisé pour la croissance des capitaux propres (dont 5 % pour le foncier), 63 % seulement ont pu être prélevés pour la famille.
Contribution of Tidal Analysis to Reservoir Monitoring: A Field Case Study in a Fractured Reservoir Offshore Abu Dhabi, UAE
Authors: El Faidouzi Mohamed Mehdi 
Published: July 2020

Summary
Offshore reservoirs are subjected to pressure loading from the ocean tide. The resulting pressure fluctuation, notably its amplitude and phase, provides valuable information regarding the formation compressibility and heterogeneity. The purpose of the present study is twofold: First, to propose a method for calculating tidal efficiency from harmonic analysis of regional tide stations and detrended bottomhole pressure (BHP), and second, to compare the compressibility from tidal analysis with that obtained from rock-mechanics measurements and material balance. This case study is on a fractured oil field for which matrix laboratory measurements alone cannot capture the large-scale formation compressibility that is driven by the fracture distribution.
This paper will show how, in the absence of seabed-pressure measurements, a synthetic diurnal tide can be simulated by interpolating the harmonic constituents of neighboring tide stations. The validity of this method was confirmed on two offshore fields. A new procedure that combines a Savitzky and Golay (1964) (SG) filter and cubic splines gave satisfactory results to filter out the tidal signal residual from the reservoir-transient response for both buildup and interference tests. In addition, this paper found that wells in fractured areas of the field have higher rock compressibility and exhibit a higher tidal efficiency. The same effect is observed in flank wells with higher water saturation. Conversely, the tidal efficiency is dramatically reduced in wells experiencing gas breakthrough.
Prognostic effect of professional oral care in estrogen receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer patients treated with everolimus and exemestane enrolled in Oral Care-BC: secondary endpoint results of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: nakatsukasa katsuhiko , Niikura Naoki , Kashiwabara Kosuke , Amemiya Takeshi , Watanabe Kenichi , Hata Hironobu , Kikawa Yuichiro , Taniike Naoki , Yamanaka Takashi , Mitsunaga Sachiyo , Nakagami Kazuhiko , Adachi Moriyasu , Kondo Naoto , Shibuya Yasuyuki , Hayashi Naoki , Naito Mariko , Yamashita Toshinari , Umeda Masahiro , Mukai Hirofumi , Ota Yoshihide 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The Oral Care BC-trial reported that professional oral care (POC) reduces the incidence and severity of oral mucositis in patients receiving everolimus (EVE) and exemestane (EXE). However, the effect of POC on clinical response among patients receiving EVE and EXE was not established. We compared outcomes for estrogen receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer patients who received POC to those who had not, and evaluated clinical prognostic factors. All patients simultaneously received EVE and EXE. Methods: Between May 2015 and Dec 2017, 174 eligible patients were enrolled in the Oral Care-BC trial. The primary endpoint was the comparative incidence of grade 1 or worse oral mucositis, as evaluated for both the groups over 8 weeks by an oncologist. The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Data were collected after a follow-up period of 13.9 months. Results: There were no significant differences in PFS between the POC and Control Groups (P = 0.801). A BMI < 25 mg/m2 and non-visceral metastasis were associated with longer PFS (P = 0.018 and P = 0.003, respectively) and the use of bone modifying agents (BMA) was associated with shorter PFS (P = 0.028). The PFS and OS between the POC and control groups were not significantly different in the Oral-Care BC trial. Conclusions: POC did not influence the prognosis of estrogen receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer patients. Patients with non-visceral metastasis, a BMI < 25 mg/m2, and who did not receive BMA while receiving EVE and EXE may have better prognoses.Trial registration: The study protocol was registered online at the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN), Japan (protocol ID 000016109), on January 5, 2015 and at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02376985).
Marathoners' Breathing Pattern Protects Against Lung Injury by Mechanical Ventilation: A Pilot Study
Authors: Oshima Yoshiaki , Okazaki Naoto , Funaki Kazumi , Otsuki Akihiro , Takahashi Shunsaku , Harada Tomomi , Inagaki Yoshimi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Breathing during a marathon is often done empirically in a so-called “2:2 breathing rhythm”. This breathing rhythm is based on cycles composed of four phases: the 1st inspiratory period, 2nd inspiratory period, 1st expiratory period, and, finally, the 2nd expiratory period. We developed a prototype ventilator that can perform intermittent positive pressure ventilation, mimicking the breathing cycle of the 2:2 breathing rhythm. This mode of ventilation was named the marathoners’ breathing rhythm ventilation (MBV) and we hypothesized that MBV may have a lung protective effect.Methods We examined the effects of the MBV on the pulmonary pre-edema model in isolated perfused rabbit lungs. The pulmonary pre-edema state was induced using bloodless perfusate with low colloid osmotic pressure. The fourteen isolated rabbit lung preparations were randomly divided into the inversed ratio ventilation (IRV) group and the MBV group, (both had an inspiratory:expiratory ratio of 1:1). In the IRV group, seven rabbit lungs were ventilated using a Harvard Ventilator 683 with a tidal volume (TV) of 8 mL/kg, a respiratory rate (RR) of 30 cycles/min, and a positive-end expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 2 cmH2O for 60 min. In the MBV group, seven rabbit lungs were ventilated using the prototype ventilator with a TV of 6 mL/kg, an RR of 30 cycles/min, and a PEEP of 4 cmH2O (first step) and 2 cmH2O (second step) for 60 min. The time allocation of the MBV for one cycle was as follows: 1st inspiratory period, 2nd inspiratory period, 1st expiratory period, and 2nd expiratory period (all 0.3 s long), with intermittent resting periods (all 0.2 s).Results Peak airway pressure and lung wet-to-dry ratio after 60 min ventilation were lower in the MBV group than in the IRV group.Conclusion MBV was considered to have a lung protective effect compared to the IRV method.
The roles of vicariance and isolation by distance in shaping biotic diversification across an ancient archipelago: evidence from a Seychelles caecilian amphibian
Authors: Maddock Simon T , Nussbaum Ronald A , Day Julia J , IV Leigh Latta , Miller Mark , Fisk Debra L , Wilkinson Mark , Rocha Sara , Gower David , Pfrender Michael E 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Island systems offer excellent opportunities for studying the evolutionary histories of species by virtue of their restricted size and easily identifiable barriers to gene flow. However, most studies investigating evolutionary patterns and processes shaping biotic diversification have focused on more recent (emergent) rather than ancient oceanic archipelagos. Here, we focus on the granitic islands of the Seychelles, which are unusual among island systems because they have been isolated for a long time and are home to a monophyletic radiation of caecilian amphibians that has been separated from its extant sister lineage for ca. 65 – 62 Ma. We selected the most widespread Seychelles caecilian species, Hypogeophis rostratus, to investigate intraspecific morphological and genetic (mitochondrial and nuclear) variation across the archipelago (782 samples from nine islands) to identify patterns and test processes that shaped their evolutionary history within the Seychelles.Results: Overall a signal of strong geographic structuring with distinct northern- and southern-island clusters were identified across all datasets. We suggest that these distinct groups have been isolated for ca. 1.26 Ma years without subsequent migration between them. Populations from the somewhat geographically isolated island of Frégate showed contrasting relationships to other islands based on genetic and morphological data, clustering alternatively with northern-island (genetic) and southern-island (morphological) populations.Conclusions: Although variation in H. rostratus across the Seychelles is explained more by isolation-by-distance than by adaptation, the genetic-morphological incongruence for affinities of Frégate H. rostratus might be caused by local adaptation over-riding the signal from their vicariant history. Our findings highlight the need of integrative approaches to investigate fine-scale geographic structuring to uncover underlying diversity and to better understand evolutionary processes on ancient, continental islands.
Determinants of participation in a post-hospitalization physical exercise program for older adults
Authors: Urquiza Miriam , Echeverria Iñaki , Besga Ariadna , Amasene Maria , Labayen Idoia , Rodriguez Ana , Barroso Julia , Aldamiz Mikel , Irazusta Jon 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Older patients often experience a decline in functional and cognitive status after hospitalization. Although interventions involving physical exercise are effective in improving functional performance, participation in physical exercise interventions among older individuals is low. We aimed to identify the factors that contribute to exercise refusal among post-hospitalized older patients.METHODS: A cross-sectional study of recruitment data from a randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 495 hospitalized people ≥70 years old. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained from the Basque Public Health System database. We determined physical function with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), nutritional status with the Mini-Nutritional Assessment, frailty according to the Fried phenotype criteria, and cognitive function with the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ). Student’s t, Mann-Whitney U, or chi-squared tests were applied for bivariate analysis. Parameters significantly associated with participation were introduced in a logistic multivariate regression model.RESULTS: Among the analyzed patients, 88.8% declined participation in the physical exercise program. Multivariate regression revealed that older age (OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.07 - 1.19), poor nutritional status (OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.69 - 0.95), and reduced home accessibility (OR: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.08 - 0.94) were predictors of participation refusal. Moreover, patients who declined participation had worse performance on the SPPB (P < 0.05) and its tests of balance, leg strength, and walking speed (P < 0.05). No differences were found between groups in other variables. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms low participation of older adults in a post-hospitalization physical exercise program. Non-participation was associated with increased age, poor nutritional status, and reduced home accessibility. Our findings support the need for intervention design that accounts for these factors to increase older patient participation in beneficial exercise programs.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN12619000093189 (retrospectively registered): Registered January 22, 2019.
SCA7 mouse cerebellar pathology reveals preferential downregulation of key Purkinje cell-identity genes and shared disease signature with SCA1 and SCA2.
Authors: NIEWIADOMSKA-CIMICKA Anna , Doussau Frédéric , Perot Jean-Baptiste , Roux Michel J , Keime Céline , Hache Antoine , Piguet Françoise , Novati Ariana , Weber Chantal , Yalcin Binnaz , Meziane Hamid , Champy Marie-France , Grandgirard Erwan , Karam Alice , Messaddeq Nadia , Eisenmann Aurélie , Brouillet Emmanuel , Nguyen Hoa Huu Phuc , Flament Julien , Isope Philippe , Trottier Yvon 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 7 (SCA7) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease mainly characterized by motor incoordination and visual impairment due to progressive cerebellar and retinal degeneration. Alteration of other nervous tissues also contributes to symptoms. The mechanisms underlying motor incoordination of SCA7 remain to be characterized. SCA7 is caused by a polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion in ATXN7, a member of the transcriptional coactivator SAGA complex, which harbors histone modification activities. PolyQ expansion in other proteins is responsible for 5 other SCAs (SCA1-3, 6 and 17). However, the converging and diverging pathophysiological points remain poorly understood. Using a new SCA7 knock-in model carrying 140 glutamines in ATXN7, we analyzed cell-type specific gene expression in the cerebellum. We show that gene deregulation affects all cerebellar cell types, although at variable degree, and correlates with alterations of SAGA-dependent epigenetic marks histone H3 acetylation and H2B ubiquitination. Our results further show that Purkinje cells (PCs) are far the most affected neurons: unlike other cerebellar cell types, PCs show reduced expression of 83 cell-type identity genes, critical for their spontaneous firing activity and synaptic functions. PC gene downregulation precedes morphological alterations, pacemaker dysfunction and motor incoordination. Strikingly, most PC identity genes downregulated in SCA7 mice are also decreased in early symptomatic SCA1 and SCA2 mice, revealing a common signature of early PC pathology involving cGMP-PKG and phosphatidylinositol signaling pathways and long-term depression. Our study thus points out molecular targets for therapeutic development which may prove beneficial for several SCAs. Finally, we show that unlike previous SCA7 mouse models, SCA7140Q/5Q mice exhibit the major disease features observed in patients, including cerebellar damage, cerebral atrophy, peripheral nerves pathology and photoreceptor dystrophy, which account for progressive impairment of behavior, motor and vision functions. Therefore, SCA7140Q/5Q mice represent an accurate model for the investigation of different aspects of SCA7 pathogenesis.
Factors influencing Australian chiropractors who choose not to join national professional associations: a qualitative study
Authors: Innes Stanley , Cope Vicki , Young Kenneth J 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Professional associations (PAs) are perceived to promote their professions and support their members. Despite these advantages, about 1 in 3 Australian chiropractors choose not to belong to either of the two PAs. Our study had three objectives: 1) to explore the views of non-member chiropractors about PAs in general; and 2) seek to understand the motivations of non-member Australian chiropractors about not joining a PA; and 3) to discover their reasons that might lead them to join a PA.Methods: This qualitative descriptive study utilised in-depth semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions for thematic analysis and was conducted from January to March 2020. Nine participants were interviewed before no new themes were being articulated. Participants had to be registered chiropractors who had not been members of a PA for at least three years or more. Recruitment was through a Facebook ad and snowball sampling. Interviews were transcribed and imported into NVivo qualitative analysis software, allowing identification of key concepts surrounding non-membership of chiropractic PAs.Results: Five themes were identified: A tarnished image; the profession has a poor standing in the eyes of the public and other health professionals, Not worth the money; the annual membership dues were not viewed as good value for money, Going it alone / what’s in it for me?; there was no direct benefit or anything deemed essential for practice, Two warring factions; not wanting to be seen to be part of the internal conflict between conservative and evidence-based practitioners, Lack of visibility; no visible presence or strong communication that clearly displayed the advantages of membership. Conclusions: Non-members are looking for PAs to enhance the respectability of the profession in a manner that ultimately results in increased patient volume and the provision of readily accessible day-to-day resources and information. These results can inform the construction of a survey for the broader chiropractic non-membership community to confirm and expand upon these findings and potentially improve PAs.
Twin-Chain Polymer Networks Loaded With Nanostructured Fluids for the Selective Removal of a Non-Original Varnish From the Picasso’s “L’atelier” at the Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Venice
Authors: Buemi Luciano Pensabene , Petruzzellis Maria Laura , Chelazzi David , Baglioni Michele , Mastrangelo Rosangela , Giorgi Rodorico , Baglioni Piero 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper reports on the evaluation of a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) “twin-chain” polymer network (TC-PN) combined with an oil-in-water nanostructured fluid (NSF) for the removal of a polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) varnish. Small Angle X-ray Scattering, Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy, and Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy showed that the structure of the gel and the NSF are only minimally altered by loading the fluid into the gel. The NSF is partially free to diffuse through the network, but also interacts with the gel walls. During the cleaning, the dynamics of the fluid at the gel-substrate interface are controlled by the osmotic balance taking place among the interconnected pores. These features grant effective and controlled cleaning performances. The case study identified for this research is Pablo Picasso’s The Studio (L’Atelier, 1928), one of the masterpieces in the Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Venice (PGC). In 1969 the oil painting, originally unprotected, was wax-lined and then varnished using a PVAc varnish. Over the years, the white shades of the painting have been compromised by the yellowing of the varnish and soiling of deposits. On painting mock-ups, the NSF-loaded hydrogels allowed the swelling and softening of PVAc varnish and wax layers, which were then removed with gentle mechanical action. Effective varnish and wax removal at the micron scale, and the absence of residues from the cleaning system (gel and NSF), were confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) 2D imaging. The effective and safe removal of the aged PVAc varnish and wax layer from the surface of the painting was then carried out using the same cleaning protocol successfully tested on the mock-ups, setting the NSF-loaded PVA TC-PNs as robust and reliable tools for the cleaning of sensitive works of art.
Treatment of ruptured tiny intracranial aneurysms by electrocoagulation with guidewire manipulation:12 cases report
Authors: Xia Lixia , Hao Zhongfei , Wang Hongjun , Feng Yan , Zhan Yongxuan , Chen Minghui , Xie Peng , Li Qingbin , Li Ruiyan , Liu Yang , Wang Feng , Fang Yuequn , Li Youxiang , Li Yongli 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Ruptured tiny intracranial aneurysm (RTIA) is particularly rare seen. Treatment of RTIA is more difficult and not under control.Methods: We hereby present twelve rare cases of RTIA that were diagnosed based on DSA. These patients were found due to spontaneous or traumatic SAH, 11 of whom were treated only by electrocoagulation, and one of whom was treated by stent-assisted coiling and electrocoagulation.Results: There were eight patients with aneurysms located in posterior circulation and four patients with aneurysms located in anterior circulation. 11 patients were cured only by electrocoagulation merely: ten patients’ RTIA disappeared completely and immediately and another patient’s RTIA was thrombosed two months later. The twelfth patient was carried out stent-assisted coiling and electrocoagulation. The twelve patients’ average follow-up time was 12.5 months and the outcomes were all surprisingly excellent. No revascularization of aneurysm was found. Conclusions: Electrocoagulation with guidewire manipulation is a suitable method to treat RTIA. While large-scale studies with long-term follow-up are required to validate these promising results.
Effects of Physical and Chemical Factors on Pseudorabies Virus Activity in vitro
Authors: Gong Lang , Deng Qiwei , Xu Runda , Ji Chihai , Wang Heng , Zhang GuiHong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Pseudorabies (PR) is latent and can persist in infected sows for a long time, causing convalescent sows to carry the virus throughout life and therefore causing severe economic losses to farmers, as well as posing a tremendous challenge to PR prevention and control. To investigate the biological characteristics of pseudorabies virus (PRV), this study analyzed a variety of physical and chemical factors under controlled conditions. The results showed that higher ambient temperature and drier environments led to faster virus inactivation. PRV had a certain resistance to weakly acidic or alkaline environments and was rapidly inactivated in strongly acidic or alkaline environments. The effect of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on PRV activity depended mainly on the frequency, intensity, and irradiation time of the UV. Exposure to sunlight inactivated PRV via multiple factors, including temperature, sunlight intensity, UV intensity, and environmental humidity, and any shielding from sunlight strongly lowered the killing effect. Conventional disinfectants had a good disinfection effect on PRV. The disinfection effect was positively correlated with the concentration of each disinfectant. The biological characteristics of different PRV strains are variable. Generally, the activity of PRV is affected by multiple factors, which can show both synergy and antagonism. Real-world conditions should be taken into consideration to guide pork production.