bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determining Environmentally Superior Decommissioning Options for Hard and Flexible Pipelines
Authors: Krause Paul , Baquiran Juliane 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe decommissioning of offshore fields includes pipelines, flexible flowlines, umbilical lines, and other subsea infrastructure. Decommissioning decision makers often need to determine the best and most practicable options for these structures, including leave-in-place strategies or removal. Collectively, pipelines can be constructed from several different materials, including steel and plastics, and other metals (i.e., stainless steel and copper). This study presents results from several evaluations of pipelines, flowlines and power cables using state-of the science methods such as NEBA, HHERA, and CEA to support the determination of the environmentally superior decommissioning options.
An Unconventional Study on the Bond Strength of the Casing/Cement Interface and the Benefits of Nanoparticle Additives
Authors: Ritchie Mark , Hareland Geir , Kjeldal Vigleik Nicolai , Nygaard Runar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
From spud to plug, the ability for cement to provide an adequate seal with the casing is of paramount importance in preventing the migration of fluids along the wellbore and to the environment. No matter the extremity of a cements compressive or even tensile strength, when debonding between the cement body and steel wall occurs, a micro-annulus is formed and acts as a direct flow path between previously isolated formation fluids. Recent studies using slightly unconventional methods have shown that adding small concentrations of nanoparticle barite and magnetite to a heavy; field ready, class H cement; present an increase in the potential bond strength of the cement.
To show this, laboratory evaluations on the shear and tensile bonding strength of the cement/steel interface were completed for nanoparticle barite and magnetite concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% by weight of cement using specially made apparatuses. Each apparatus was designed such that the cement slurry was allowed to set on top of a steel coin that was finely sandblasted to insure that each sample had a similar binding surface and each test used the same displacement rate for consistent loading across each of its samples. The shear bond strength was completed using a modified split core setup that imposed the desired failure plane along the cement/steel interface depending on its orientation. Tensile loading of the samples was applied using a threaded connection point adhered to the top of the set cement sample and connected to the load frame using a specially designed set of brackets.
Using the modified split core setup, it was seen that nanoparticle concentrations of as little as 1% by weight of cement increased the bond strength substantially when compared to the base case for both additives. Additionally, testing of the tensile bond strength further confirmed that the presence of nanoparticles have a significant effect on the cements ability to stay bonded with the inner wall of steel casing. The improvement observed is likely due to the coupled impact of the nanoparticles that act as both a mechanical reinforcement, and a means to reduce the presence of large Calcium Hydroxide (CH) crystals in the hydrated cement body whose irregular shape and fragile nature make it poorly suited for bonding to steel.
Altogether, the addition of nanoparticle barite and magnetite has been seen to introduce new strength to the binding potential of wellbore cement to the steel casing. This translates to a more resilient seal at the cement/steel interface which increases the overall barrier integrity. Whether implemented as a plug or primary cement, the need for an impermeable barrier is absolute.
Digitally Transforming Front End Decommissioning Planning
Authors: Marfatia Farzan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
National legislation requires removal of offshore oil and gas assets post cessation of production. However, this legislation is currently being challenged due to; Safety concerns, advances in environmental research, technical challenges, societal and economic impacts.
The Comparative Assessment is one method of addressing these factors. An online platform has been developed for this purpose that uses adapted, industry standards and norms to generate a comprehensive assessment assisting in the development of an auto-generated high-level decommissioning plan with high level cost estimates.
The Comparative Assessment’s seven-stage process is incorporated in the online platform and when utilised in a facilitated ‘HAZID’ style workshop, the platform enables all relevant subject matter experts to complete the assessment in days, in lieu of months of consultancy.
The algorithms development for the online platform includes the implementation of a quantitative Comparative Assessment process with complementing high-level cost estimates in-line with AACE class 4 and ASPE Level 1 estimates.
The cost estimates explore various removal techniques currently used in the industry. These techniques are then analysed by performing sensitivity studies for different removal methodologies, vessel charters and cost variance from actual decommissioning case studies.
In order to improve efficiency in the decommissioning industry, the development of an online platform capable of an industry recognised decision making process and cost of decommissioning will improve planning and assist in assessing the global decommissioning liability.
Draft genome sequence of multidrug-resistant Bradyrhizobium sp. BL isolated from a sewage treatment plant in China
Authors: Bao Peng , Li Guo-Xiang , He Yu-Qin , Dai Yi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The genus Bradyrhizobium is considered to be widespread and abundant group of symbiotic bacteria in many plant-soil ecosystems. However, the ecological versatility of this phylogenetic group remains highly understudied in man-made ecosystems, mainly due to the lack of pure cultures and genomic data. To further expand our understanding of this genus for human health, we analyzed the high quality draft genome of Bradyrhizobium strain BL, isolated from a municipal wastewater treatment plant in Ningbo, China. The Bradyrhizobium sp. BL draft genome has a total size of 7,718,431 bp with an overall G + C content of 46.43%. From a total of 7236 predicted sequences, 7176 and 60 are protein and RNA coding sequences, respectively. Moreover, 63.51% of the predicted genes were assigned into to Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) functional categories. The Bradyrhizobium sp. BL genome contains various defense mechanisms against antibiotics that up to predicted 60 antibiotic resistance coding genes. The Bradyrhizobium sp. BL genome contains 237 termed virulence factors coding genes which show its potential pathogenicity. This study provides important insights into the genomic diversity of the genus Bradyrhizobium and provides a foundation for future comparative genomic studies that will generate a better understanding of the antibiotic resistance process.
Prediction of late-onset fetal growth restriction using a combined first- and second-trimester screening model in South Chinese infants: a retrospective study
Authors: Zheng Haiqing , Feng Yan , Zhang Jiexin , Li Kuanrong , Liang Huiying , Mei Shanshan , Fang Dajun , He Qiuming , Xu Suting , Zhang Guanglan , Zhong Wei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Prediction models for early and late fetal growth restriction (FGR) have been established in many high-income countries. However, prediction models for late FGR in China are limited. This study aimed to develop a simple combined first- and second-trimester prediction model for screening late-onset FGR in South Chinese infants.Methods This retrospective study included 2258 women who had singleton pregnancies and received routine ultrasound scans. Late-onset FGR was defined as a birth weight < the 10th percentile plus abnormal Doppler indices and/or a birth weight below the 3rd percentile after 32 weeks, regardless of the Doppler status. Multivariate logistic regression was used to develop a prediction model.Results Ninety-three fetuses were identified as late-onset FGR. The significant predictors for late-onset FGR were maternal age, height, weight, and medical history; the second-trimester head circumference (HC)/abdominal circumference (AC) ratio; and the estimated fetal weight (EFW). This model achieved a detection rate (DR) of 52.6% for late-onset FGR at a 10% false positive rate (FPR) (area under the curve (AUC): 0.80, 95%CI 0.76-0.85).Conclusions A multivariate model combining first- and second-trimester default tests can detect 52.6% of cases of late-onset FGR. Further studies with more screening markers are needed to improve the detection rate.
Sustainable sediment management in a reservoir through flushing using HEC-RAS model: case study of Thakot Hydropower Project (D-3) on the Indus river
Authors: Hussain Kashif , Shahab Muhammad 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To increase the life of small storage reservoirs, sediment flushing is found to be a very useful technique throughout the world. A sediment flushing study of the Thakot D-3 Hydropower Project reservoir after construction of the Dasu dam on the Indus river is presented in this paper. HEC-RAS 5.0.6 numerical model has been employed to check the sediment removal during flushing and to assess the model's applicability and limitations. Dasu reservoir sediment discharge data of 20 years were used to evaluate the sediment load with different transport functions under no-flushing (FSL 656 m asl) and flushing conditions. Without flushing, the river bed would be raised 56.1 m at the dam site and the low-level spillway and power intake would be filled in 2–5 years' time. It was observed that reservoir sediment flushing is economically realistic for this dam and the HEC-RAS sediment simulation model is encouraged for reservoir flushing modeling. If the Thakot D-3 HPP is commissioned a number of years after Dasu, a coarser sediment load will also be reached in the reservoir which could pose a serious challenge for the Thakot D-3 reservoir life. It is recommended that without construction of the Bhasha-Diamer storage dam, sedimentation not only is a complicated issue for Dasu HPP and Thakot D-3 HPP, but will also have drastic impacts on other downstream run-of-river energy projects.
Hydrodynamics and bed morphological characteristics around a boulder in a gravel stream
Authors: Zexing Xu , Chenling Zhang , Qiang Yao , Xiekang Wang , Xufeng Yan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper presents experimental studies on hydrodynamics and bed morphological characteristics under varying water and sediment discharges over a gravel channel bed with a boulder. Firstly, flow characteristics over a non-eroded bed with a mild slope were investigated. Results show that along the transect line located one diameter away from the boulder centerline, the existence of the boulder has negligible impact on the mean flow characteristics, which are similar to flows over a flat bed. At the boulder centerline, the flow is largely deflected by the boulder and turbulence characteristics in the horizontal plane are largely enhanced in the wake of the boulder. Secondly, water scour experiments were carried out over a steep slope. It could be observed that scour occurred around the boulder and bedloads were deposited downstream, forming a typical pool–riffle sequence. An analysis shows that the length scale (L/D) of geometric features associated with pool depth, riffle height and pool–riffle distance (S/D) are positively related to the boulder-related Froude number (Frb): L/D = 1.18Frb − 0.11 and S/D = 12.5Frb + 0.6; and the erosion volume (Ve) for flat bed and boulder bed is positively and negatively related to the averaged Froude number (Fr): Ve/D3 = 37.1Fr − 21.3 and Ve/D3 = −44.8Fr − 38.6, where D is the boulder diameter.
Molecular Mechanisms of Nickel-Induced Carcinogenesis
Authors: Son Young-Ok 
Published: November 2019

Background:
The increased use of heavy metal nickel in modern industries results in increased
environmental impact. Occupational and environmental exposure to nickel is closely linked to
an increased risk of human lung cancer and nasal cancer.

Objective:
Unlike other heavy metal carcinogens, nickel has weak mutagenic activity. Carcinogenesis
caused by nickel is intensively studied, but the precise mechanism of action is not yet known.

Results:
Epigenetic changes, activation of hypoxia signaling pathways, and generation of reactive
oxygen species (ROS) are considered to be the major molecular mechanisms involved in nickelinduced
carcinogenesis.

Conclusion:
This review provides insights into current research on nickel-induced carcinogenesis and
suggests possible effective therapeutic strategies for nickel-induced carcinogenesis.
An Accomplished Energy-Aware Approach for Server Load Balancing in Cloud Computing
Authors: Orugonda Alekhya , Kumar V. Kiran 
Published: November 2019

Background:It is important to minimize bandwidth that improves battery life, system reliability and other environmental concerns and energy optimization. It also do everything within their power to reduce the amount of data that flows through their pipes.To increase resource exertion, task consolidation is an effective technique, greatly enabled by virtualization technologies, which facilitate the concurrent execution of several tasks and, in turn, reduce energy consumption. : MaxUtil, which aims to maximize resource exertion, and Energy Conscious Task Consolidation which explicitly takes into account both active and idle energy consumption.Materials and Methods:In this paper an Energy Aware Cloud Load Balancing Technique (EACLBT) is proposed for the performance improvement in terms of energy and run time. It predicts load of host after VM allocation and if according to prediction host become overloaded than VM will be created on different host. So it minimize the number of migrations due to host overloading conditions. This proposed technique results in minimize bandwidth and energy utilization.Results:The result shows that the energy efficient method has been proposed for monitor energy exhaustion and support static and dynamic system level optimization.The EACLBT can reduce the number of power-on physical machine and average power consumption compare to other deploy algorithms with power saving.Besides minimization in bandwidth along with energy exertion, reduction in the number of executed instructions is also achieved.Conclusion:This paper comprehensively describes the EACLBT (Energy Aware Cloud Load Balancing Technique) to deploy the virtual machines for power saving purpose. The average power consumption is used as performance metrics and the result of PALB is used as baseline. The EACLBT can reduce the number of power-on physical machine and average power consumption compare to other deploy algorithms with power saving. It shown that on average an idle server consumes approximately 70% of the power consumed by the server running at the full CPU speed.The performance holds better for Common sub utterance elimination. So, we can say the proposed Energy Aware Cloud Load Balancing Technique (EACLBT) is effective in bandwidth minimization and reduction of energy exertion.
Tres décadas sin Héctor Abad Gómez “Fundador de la salud pública en Colombia y hombre de más experiencia en estas áreas con que cuenta el país”
Authors: Sánchez Caraballo Álvaro A 
Published: November 2019

La revista Avances en Salud quiere rendir un homenaje a la memoria de unos de los salubrista ilustres de la segunda mitad del siglo XX en Colombia, toda vez que, se cumplen 30 años de su magnicidio. Por ello, pone a la disposición de sus lectores, el editorial y todo el contenido temático de la revista.La vida y obra de Héctor De Jesús Abad Gómez, conjugan las actividades como salubrista y su interés por lo social. A su vez, la práctica de la doctrina en salud pública lo hizo visible a nivel institucional y social en Colombia durante la segunda mitad del Siglo XX. Este célebre ideólogo de la salud pública, fue concordante con su práctica vital, en el entorno de Colombia y en el ámbito latinoamericano. Siempre será referente para cualquier salubrista independientemente del nivel de formación y desempeño hacer una aproximación del rescate de su pensamiento en salud pública y relacionarlo con su compromiso social. La obra y figura de Abad Gómez, han sido objeto de atención por parte de diversos autores, algunos procedentes del campo de la salud pública y otros provenientes de otras áreas del conocimiento. Entre las aportaciones más destacadas que se han ocupado de Héctor Abad Gómez se encuentran aquellas que hacen alusión a su faceta de intelectual comprometido con la realidad colombiana.
Frecuencia de los antígenos del sistema Rh en donantes de sangre Rh D Negativo.
Authors: Zuluaga G Sandra Milena , Gándara H Yesica María , Villegas G Rossana 
Published: November 2019

Objective. To determine the frequency of antigens of the Rh system in donors of Rh D negative blood. Materials and methods. Retrospective and descriptive study where all the records of Rh D negative blood donors from the Blood Bank of Cordoba between the years 2012-2015 were reviewed. To describe the sociodemographic characteristics of Rh D negative blood donors and to identify the frequency of phenotypes of the Rh system, absolute, relative and confidence intervals were calculated for 95% ratios to compare Rh system phenotypes according to the ABO group And sociodemographic variables, absolute, relative frequencies, 95% confidence intervals and Chi square test were calculated. p values <0.05 were considered significant and the information was stored and analyzed in SPSS version 23. Results. The phenotype found most frequently was ccee, which corresponded to 92%; the other phenotypes were found in lower percentages distributed as follows: Ccee 5.9%, ccEe 1.2%, CCee 0.3%, and CCEE 0.2%. 88% of the donations were made by male donors and the ABO blood group with the highest frequency was found to be O corresponding to 66.4%. Conclusion. Both nationally and globally, the most frequent phenotype for Rh D negative people is ccee, with a slight variation in their percentage of repetition between regions.
La maternidad segura, uno de los objetivos del milenio: una mirada desde el imaginario social.
Authors: Romero Ochoa Carlos Andrés , Berrocal Moreno José Ignacio , Urzola Vertel Kelly Del Carmen , Carreño González Teresa De Jesús 
Published: November 2019

Los objetivos del milenio son reconocidos como el acuerdo político más grande que se ha dado en toda la historia de la humanidad (1,2). Es en principio una idea muy fácil de concebir, pero demandó titánicos esfuerzos para conseguir poner de acuerdo a los líderes de 189 países en generar esfuerzos conjuntos en 8 aspectos considerados fundamentales para hacer de este mundo un lugar mejor (3). Muchos líderes mundiales coincidieron en que era necesario aunar esfuerzos para lograr objetivos comunes que favorecieran a toda la humanidad. La guerra fría permitió definir un nuevo vínculo entre paz, seguridad y desarrollo orientado a la construcción de la paz (peace building) y a promover la seguridad humana. La lucha contra la pobreza se situó en el centro de las estrategias de prevención de conflictos, de promoción de la paz en situaciones de conflicto, de reconstrucción y desarrollo tras el conflicto armado. Esa visión fue reconocida por Naciones Unidas y por los donantes de ayuda al desarrollo en la Declaración del Milenio de 2000 (4).
Genotipificación del gen MSP3 en pacientes con Malaria complicada
Authors: Espitia D Yeiner , Castro C Carlos , Rodríguez R Virginia , Causil Luis , Velasco P María Camila , Quintero P Gustavo , Yasnot A María Fernanda 
Published: November 2019

Objective. The genetic diversity of the natural populations of Plasmodium vivax parasites was studied by studying the variable region ofthe Pvmsp-3α gene. Materials and methods. PCR-RFLP was performed in 29 samples of patients with P. vivax malaria with complications (PC) and 32 patients with P. vivax malaria with out complications (PNC), all patients from the Bajo-Córdoba-Uraba region, Highly endemicto malaria. Total blood samples were collected for DNA extraction using the saponin /chelex-100 technique. The RFLP technique was used using there striction en zymes HhA Iand AluI. Teneasily distinguis hablere striction patterns were detected after the PCR products were digested with the enzyme Alu I and 9 with the enzyme Hha I. Results. The Pvmsp-3α gene exhibited large polymorphismand the results suggest that this gene can be used in Colombia asa moleculare pidemiological marker for the genotypin go fP. vivax. Further more, the PH1 pattern with the AluIen zyme showed higher frequency in the complicated patients. Conclusions. The Pvmsp3 gene may be agenetic marker of variability in the circulating strain so fP. vivax and the PH1 suggest samarker for predicting a complication in patients with vivax malaria.
Obstáculos y retos para el desarrollo de sistemas de información en el sector salud.
Authors: Gutiérrez T Agustin T , Peña G Ricardo , Peña G Norma I , Rosario Cruz Roberto , López Silva Saúl 
Published: November 2019

Objective. The purpose of Information Systems in Health (SIS) is to improve the health of individuals and populations through the appropriate application of knowledge generated by the organization of information in such systems. Materials and methods. A literature review was conducted through the experiences and results obtained in the development and implementation of an SIS. Results. The analysis of the requirements is the starting point for the development or acquisition of any software product. The SIS must consider the inclusion of the necessary data for the investigation and allow for its organization depending on the type of inquiry that will be carried out. It must simplify and accelerate access to critical information while controlling access to data, facilitate the statistical processing of large amounts of data, and finally facilitate the exchange of data between different systems. Conclusions. The set of obstacles and challenges for the development of the SIS listed in this article confirms the high complexity of this type of information systems for which mature and detailed planning is needed.
Cumplimiento de las buenas prácticas de elaboración de preparaciones magistrales estériles en institución de salud.
Authors: Villa Dangond Hiltony , Fuentes Fabra Ernesto , Chica Arrieta Ignacio , Espinosa Sáez Roger , Ocampo Rivero Mónica 
Published: November 2019

Objective. To evaluate the compliance of the good practices of preparation of sterile master preparations in a health institution of the department of Córdoba to verify the application of Resolution 0444 of 2008. Materials and methods. Descriptive, cross-sectional study, a checklist was used to collect the information, which was adjusted to Resolution 0444 of 2008, in which the Verification Instrument for Compliance with Good Practices for Preparation of Magistral Preparations in Colombia was adopted. 17 general criteria were verified, among which are 401 specific requirements, with a Critical, Major, Minor and Informative qualification. The study was carried out in the mixing plant of a Health Services Provider Institution, in the Department of Córdoba. The information collected was processed in Microsoft Excel, version 2010, where descriptive statistics were used, tables were prepared for subsequent analysis Results. It was evidenced, a compliance in 56% of the verified standards, the others show a percentage above 80%, finding 27 findings of non-compliance throughout the process. Conclusion. In a quality assurance program, the processes and / or procedures must be documented, reviewed, trained and implemented; in order to achieve standardization and standardization of these, and obtain quality products, without endangering the safety of the patient.