bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amenaza de estereotipo, género y desempeño académico en matemáticas
Authors: Baldeón-Padilla David Sebastian , Valencia-Serrano Marcela , Alvarado Juan Ignacio 
Published: July 2020

Este artículo busca establecer las diferencias existentes entre el género, el desempeño académico en matemáticas y los diferentes grupos de susceptibilidad a la amenaza de estereotipo (no identificados, no involucrados, no susceptibles y de alta susceptibilidad) en 130 estudiantes de los últimos años de bachillerato, a quienes se les aplicó la escala de identidades y actitudes sociales (SIAS). Se encontró que tanto hombres como mujeres presentaron una baja susceptibilidad a la amenaza de estereotipo y desempeños aprobatorios en el curso de matemáticas. Asimismo, no hubo diferencias en el desempeño de los cuatro grupos de susceptibilidad a la amenaza de estereotipo.
Desarrollo del pensamiento histórico. Análisis de exámenes de los estudiantes
Authors: Palacios-Mena Nancy , Chaves-Contreras Luz Yehimy , Martín-Moreno William Alfonso 
Published: July 2020

El objetivo principal de este artículo es analizar el contenido y el nivel cognitivo en exámenes de historia de estudiantes de trece colegios públicos de Bogotá.Se utilizó un diseño metodológico mixto, que combinó la sistematización de datos cualitativos y cuantitativos del contenido de los exámenes. Los resultados indican que la enseñanza y la evaluación tienen como eje un tiempo lineal, que gira en torno a las épocas.En gran parte de los exámenes, se solicita a los estudiantes principalmente memorizar y recordar datos, por tanto se trata de una evaluación elemental que privilegia los contenidos conceptuales e involucra poco los procedimentales.
Estrategias de aprendizaje de estudiantes colombianos de grado y posgrado
Authors: Jerónimo-Arango Lida Cruz , Yaniz-Álvarez-de-Eulate Concepción , Carcamo-vergara Carolina 
Published: July 2020

Este artículo de investigación expone la importancia de la calidad del aprendizaje docente y analiza las estrategias de aprendizaje en estudiantes de grado y posgrado en educación.Se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico de 534 estudiantes,a quienes se les aplicaron las escalas Estrategias de Apoyo y Control y Estrategias Relacionadas con el Procesamiento de la Información del cuestionario CEVEAPEU.Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas en el uso de estrategias entre estudiantes que inician estudios de grado y quienes finalizan posgrado.En la formación de grado,no hay diferencias significativas en el uso de estrategias de aprendizaje.
Un método para analizar la crisis en los sistemas educativos
Authors: Velasco Antonio José 
Published: July 2020

Por lo general, los estudios acerca de los sistemas educativos están basados en cifras sobre rendimiento, inversión, etc.; esto ha provocado que el concepto de crisis educativa haya permanecido poco claro conceptual y metodológicamente.En este artículo, se propone un método para su análisis, aplicable a distintos sistemas y niveles.Se expone una pauta de examen de los tipos de evaluación de la crisis educativa: evaluaciones directas, indirectas y mixtas; a continuación, se desarrolla un método para analizar uno de los tipos, basado en la investigación de las representaciones sociales. Finalmente, se presenta el modelo mediante una pauta metodológica y un instrumento.
On the Edge Singularity of the Actuator Disk Model
Authors: Chattot Jean-Jacques 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this technical brief, the classic actuator disk theory is revisited with a view to shed some light on the singularity of the flow at the edge of the disk where the vortex tube starts and where vorticity is generated. The study is carried out using small perturbation assumption in two-dimensions and simplified boundary conditions in all cases. The problem of the two-dimensional thin cambered plate with constant vorticity distribution is solved and the leading edge singularity is analyzed as it is believed to be relevant to the axisymmetric flow at the actuator disk edge. Next, the velocity components induced by the cylindrical vortex tube of constant vorticity are obtained via the Biot–Savart law and the near edge behavior is investigated. It is shown that the velocity components behavior is consistent with that of the thin cambered plate with constant loading, thus reinforcing the notion that the axisymmetric slip-line behaves as r − R ∝ −xlnx near the disk edge.
Effect of opaque wraps for pulse oximeter sensors: randomised cross-over trial
Authors: Kannan Loganathan Prakash , O'Shea Joyce E , Harikumar Chidambara , Brigham John C , Rabi Yacov , Gupta Samir 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundEvidence is lacking as to whether ambient light or phototherapy light could interfere with pulse oximeter performance.MethodsIn this randomised cross-over trial, we recruited neonates of gestation >24 weeks. Consented infants were randomly assigned to either pulse oximeter sensor with opaque wrap or without opaque wrap. Nellcor and Masimo sensors were applied simultaneously to different feet for 10 min of recording. Infants were crossed over to the other intervention for a further 10 min, totalling 20 min recording per infant. Primary outcome was faster acquisition of data with shielding of pulse oximeter sensor as compared with not shielding.ResultsA total of 96 babies were recruited. There was no difference in primary outcome of time taken to display valid data between the two groups (opaque wrap: 12.73±3.1 s vs no opaque wrap: 13.16±3.3 s, p=0.27). There was no difference in any of the secondary outcomes (percentage of valid data points, percentage of time saturation below target, and so on) between the two groups in both pulse oximeters. Masimo sensor readings displayed a higher mean oxygen saturation (mean difference of 2.85, p=0.001) and lower percentage of time saturation below 94% (mean difference of −27.8, p=0.001) than Nellcor in both groups. There was no difference in any of the outcomes in babies receiving phototherapy (n=21).ConclusionIn this study, shielding the pulse oximeter sensor from ambient light or phototherapy light did not yield faster data acquisition or better data quality.Trial registration numberISRCTN10302534
Risk of primary gastrointestinal cancers following incident non-metastatic breast cancer: a Danish population-based cohort study
Authors: Adelborg Kasper , Farkas Dóra Körmendiné , Sundbøll Jens , Schapira Lidia , Tamang Suzanne , Cullen Mark R , Cronin-Fenton Deirdre , Sørensen Henrik Toft 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveWe examined the risk of primary gastrointestinal cancers in women with breast cancer and compared this risk with that of the general population.DesignUsing population-based Danish registries, we conducted a cohort study of women with incident non-metastatic breast cancer (1990–2017). We computed cumulative cancer incidences and standardised incidence ratios (SIRs).ResultsAmong 84 972 patients with breast cancer, we observed 2340 gastrointestinal cancers. After 20 years of follow-up, the cumulative incidence of gastrointestinal cancers was 4%, driven mainly by colon cancers. Only risk of stomach cancer was continually increased beyond 1 year following breast cancer. The SIR for colon cancer was neutral during 2–5 years of follow-up and approximately 1.2-fold increased thereafter. For cancer of the oesophagus, the SIR was increased only during 6–10 years. There was a weak association with pancreas cancer beyond 10 years. Between 1990–2006 and 2007–2017, the 1–10 years SIR estimate decreased and reached unity for upper gastrointestinal cancers (oesophagus, stomach, and small intestine). For lower gastrointestinal cancers (colon, rectum, and anal canal), the SIR estimate was increased only after 2007. No temporal effects were observed for the remaining gastrointestinal cancers. Treatment effects were negligible.ConclusionBreast cancer survivors were at increased risk of oesophagus and stomach cancer, but only before 2007. The risk of colon cancer was increased, but only after 2007.
What are the perceptions of runners and healthcare professionals on footwear and running injury risk?
Authors: Dhillon Gurmeet K , Hunt Michael A , Reid Andrea L , Esculier Jean-Francois 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesThere is a gap in research exploring perceptions of runners and healthcare professionals (HCPs) about running footwear and injury risk. The objectives of this study were: (1) to document factors considered by runners when selecting footwear; (2) to compare perceptions on footwear and injury risk in runners and HCPs; and (3) to evaluate the perceived usefulness of an online educational module.MethodsUsing an online survey, we collected information on demographics and perceptions about footwear and injury risk. Runners reported their footwear selection strategy, and HCPs their typical recommendations. An evidence-based educational module was presented, and participants rated its usefulness.ResultsThe survey was completed by 2442 participants, of which 1035 completed the optional postmodule questions. Runners reported relying mostly on comfort and advice from retailers when selecting shoes. Perceptions regarding the effects of specific footwear types (minimalist, maximalist), characteristics (softness, drop) and selection strategy (foot type, transition) on biomechanics and injury risk were different between HCPs and runners. Overall, runners perceived footwear as more important to prevent injury than did HCPs (7.6/10, 99% CI 7.4 to 7.7 vs 6.2/10, 99% CI 6.0 to 6.5; p<0.001). Both runners (8.1/10, 99% CI 7.9 to 8.3) and HCPs (8.7/10, 99% CI 8.6 to 8.9) found the educational module useful. A majority of respondents indicated the module changed their perceptions.ConclusionFootwear is perceived as important in reducing running injury risk. This online module was deemed useful in educating about footwear evidence. Future studies should evaluate if changes in perceptions can translate to behaviour change and, ultimately, reduced injury risk.
Relationship of pain and fatigue with health-related quality of life and work in patients with psoriatic arthritis on TNFi: results of a multi-national real-world study
Authors: Conaghan P G , Alten Rieke , Deodhar Atul , Sullivan Emma , Blackburn Stuart , Tian Haijun , Gandhi Kunal , Jugl Steffen M , Strand Vibeke 
Published: July 2020

Background/ObjectiveThe incidence of pain and/or fatigue in people with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is associated with reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the ability to work, despite modern advanced therapeutic approaches. This real-world, international study examined these relationships in patients with PsA treated with tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi).MethodsData from 13 countries were analysed. Patients with PsA and their physicians completed questionnaires capturing demographics, current therapy, current disease status, HRQoL and work status via Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form version 2 (SF-36v2), 3-level 5-dimension EuroQoL questionnaire, Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index, and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire.Results640 patients with PsA were included who had been receiving TNFi for ≥3 months and had completed SF-36v2 bodily pain and vitality domains. Of these, 33.1%, 29.2% and 37.7% of patients reported no, moderate and severe pain, respectively, and 31.9%, 22.5% and 45.6% of patients reported low, moderate and severe fatigue, respectively. Scores across HRQoL variables and WPAI were significantly different across pain and fatigue cohorts (all p<0.0001), with HRQoL and WPAI measures considerably worse in patients with moderate to severe pain or fatigue than those with low pain or fatigue.ConclusionsDespite treatment with biologic agents such as TNFi, data from this global study demonstrated that substantial pain and/or fatigue persist in patients with PsA and that these are significantly associated with reduced HRQoL, physical function and work productivity. These findings suggest that there is an unmet need for additional PsA therapies.
Problemas teóricos y experimentales con las vocales del español
Authors: Menegotto Andrea Cecilia , Romanelli Sofía 
Published: July 2020

En este trabajo hacemos una descripción de las vocales del español rioplatense. Las describimos fonéticamente por sus propiedades acústicas y articulatorias presentando varias cartas de formantes. Ejemplificamos también el problema teórico de la identificación de los rasgos distintivos que permiten caracterizarlas. Finalmente, hacemos hincapié en dos problemas que consideramos cruciales para la descripción y la explicación fonética y fonológica: el problema del inventario –que surge básicamente de los presupuestos teóricos con los que se trabaje– y el problema de la distinción entre monoptongos y diptongos, habida cuenta de que los datos experimentales más actuales ponen en duda que las vocales del español sean monoptongos estables, ya que presentan dinamismo espectral inherente.
Modificadores de modalidad encabezados por aun-que
Authors: Giammatteo Mabel , Ferrari Laura 
Published: July 2020

En el funcionalismo, los focalizadores son palabras que presentan “selección categorial múltiple” porque inciden sobre distintas clases de sintagmas. ‘Aun’ puede anteponerse a subordinadas precedidas por nexos de subordinación o formadas con verbos no finitos. Las construcciones concesivas comprenden diferentes tipos de subordinadas que poseen características semánticas y sintácticas distintivas (Mazzoleni, 1992). El ‘contraste’ unifica a los distintos tipos de relación. Un primer tipo se caracteriza por la oposición entre dos eventos de los que se destaca, como más relevante, el segundo. No en todas las concesivas los eventos están en contraste directo el uno con el otro, sino que se establece entre ellas un contraste indirecto. Describiremos las particularidades estructurales, léxico-semánticas y contextuales de este segundo tipo de construcciones con aun-que, en las que no se expresa un contraste directo entre eventos. En este grupo, nos centramos en las concesivas epistémicas y las ilocutivas (Kovacci, 1992, RAE-ASALE, 2010).
Meta-Analysis of 26 638 Individuals Identifies Two Genetic Loci Associated With Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
Authors: Choquet Hélène , Thai Khanh K. , Jiang Chen , Ranatunga Dilrini K. , Hoffmann Thomas J. , Go Alan S. , Lindsay Alistair C. , Ehm Margaret G. , Waterworth Dawn M. , Risch Neil , Schaefer Catherine 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) is an indicator of cardiac function, usually assessed in individuals with heart failure and other cardiac conditions. Although family studies indicate that EF has an important genetic component with heritability estimates up to 0.61, to date only 6 EF-associated loci have been reported.

Methods:
Here, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of EF in 26 638 adults from the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging and the UK Biobank cohorts.

Results:

A meta-analysis combining results from Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging and UK Biobank identified a novel locus:
TMEM40
on chromosome 3p25 (rs11719526; β=0.47 and
P
=3.10×10
−8
) that replicated in Biobank Japan and confirmed recent findings implicating the
BAG3
locus on chromosome 10q26 in EF variation, with the strongest association observed for rs17617337 (β=−0.83 and
P
=8.24×10
−17
). Although the minor allele frequencies of
TMEM40
rs11719526 were generally common (between 0.13 and 0.44) in different ethnic groups,
BAG3
rs17617337 was rare (minor allele frequencies<0.05) in Asian and African ancestry populations. These associations were slightly attenuated, after considering antecedent cardiac conditions (ie, heart failure/cardiomyopathy, hypertension, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, valvular disease, and revascularization procedures). This suggests that the effects of the lead variants at
TMEM40
or
BAG3
on EF are largely independent of these conditions.

Conclusions:

In this large and multiethnic study, we identified 2 loci,
TMEM40
and
BAG3
, associated with EF at a genome-wide significance level. Identifying and understanding the genetic determinants of EF is important to better understand the pathophysiology of this strong correlate of cardiac outcomes and to help target the development of future therapies.
Defining African Feminism(s) While #BeingFemaleinNigeria
Authors: Akinbobola Yemisi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In 2015, a reading group in Abuja, Nigeria, started the hashtag #BeingFemaleinNigeria, which received widespread attention. Within the confines of 140 characters, Nigerian women and men shared stories of gender inequality, sexism and misogyny in the country. Using feminist critical discourse analysis, this article unpacks the tweets under the #BeingFemaleinNigeria hashtag, and teases out what they tell us about gender inequality in Nigeria, and the ambitions for emancipation. This article takes the stance that African feminism(s) exist, that empirical study of lived experiences of African women should define it, and not perspectives that reject and argue that feminism comes from the other. Therefore, this empirical research contributes to scholarship that seeks to define the characteristics of African feminism(s), particularly as the field is criticised for being over-theorised.
The Legal Response to Pandemics
Authors: Burci Gian Luca 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The pandemic of ‘severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2’ (sars-CoV-2) has raised unprecedented challenges for most international legal and policy regimes and we cannot yet foresee its long-term consequences. The legal and institutional regime to prevent and control the international spread of disease, based on the World Health Organization and the International Health Regulations (ihr 2005) has also been severely tested. Critics have challenged who’s apparent politicization and the ineffectiveness of the ihr 2005 as a tool to coordinate the international response to covid-19. The ihr 2005 have codified the operational model of the who Secretariat at the time of their revision, but the assumptions about who’s epistemic authority and the willingness of states parties to conform to who’s lead have proven overoptimistic. Still, addressing some of the major weaknesses of the ihr 2005 could give them renewed momentum and nudge states towards a more coordinated and effective response to epidemics.
Genetic variability of Arthurdendyus triangulatus (Dendy, 1894), a non-native invasive land planarian
Authors: ROBERTS DAVID M , BOAG BRIAN , HUNTER FRASER , TARLTON JAMIE , MACKENZIE KATRIN , NEILSON ROY 
Published: July 2020

Arthurdendyus triangulatus (Dendy, 1894) is a land planarian native to New Zealand which has become established in the United Kingdom and the Faroe Islands during the last 60 years. The species has become prevalent and widely established in Scotland mediated by human activity mostly through the exchange of plants and associated soil. As a predator of earthworms, concerns regarding both the direct impact on earthworm abundance and diversity and the indirect impact on those birds and mammals that have earthworms as a primary dietary component led to A. triangulatus being the subject of both national and EU regulation. Whilst much is known regarding the ecology of A. triangulatus there is a significant knowledge gap regarding the genetic variability of the species. Using four DNA target regions cytochrome oxidase (CoI), elongation factor (EF), internal transcribed spacer region (ITS-1) and large subunit (LSU), we characterised the genetic variability of A. triangulatus populations across its full geographic range in Scotland and included a few populations from New Zealand, England and Northern Ireland. Two DNA regions, ITS-1 and CoI, revealed inter-population variability yielding well supported genetic structure in predominantly Scottish populations. We also identified considerable intra-specific and intra-individual heterogeneity in both ribosomal and mitochondrial regions, including the prevalence of pseudo-gene nuclear encoded mitochondrial DNA (Numt), the latter not previously reported for Platyhelminthes. Furthermore, given the presence of multiple ITS-1 haplotypes in individual specimens of A. triangulatus it is not possible to make definitive comment to support previously published findings that A. triangulatus was subjected to multiple introductions into the UK.
„Język, którym mówi dzisiejsza władza, jest ideologiczny”. Wywiad z Michałem Głowińskim
Authors: Sharpe Uliana 
Published: July 2020

“The Language Used by the Present Political Authorities is Ideological”: An Interview with Michał GłowińskiLanguage can be not only a communication tool but also a dangerous weapon. In this interview, Michał Głowiński, Professor Emeritus at the Institute of Literary Research (IBL), writer, author of numerous literary and scholarly publications, including Zła mowa [Bad Speech], a Polish Jew who survived the Holocaust, shares his traumatic memories and talks about verbal aggression, which is an alarm bell warning that physical aggression is to come. Following the tragic events of the mid-twentieth century, language can no longer be treated as “the house of being”: before the first brick of extermination camps was laid, the word of hatred had thundered first. This is why it is so important to remember the past and to carefully analyse the language of the present, so that the horrible story of the Holocaust can never happen again. The Holocaust is the greatest tragedy of the twentieth century, which brutally destroyed millions of Jews. It also put an end to survivors’ hope of achieving a harmony of self-identity. The Holocaust must be remembered. Literature is one of the tools for keeping it in memory and taking a closer look at all the crimes that were committed. The painful experience of the Holocaust has been reflected in the works of Jewish writers. It is also at the roots of tragic contradictions, the sense of internal emptiness and loss of empathy. „Język, którym mówi dzisiejsza władza, jest ideologiczny”. Wywiad z Michałem GłowińskimJęzyk może być nie tylko narzędziem komunikacji, ale i niebezpieczną bronią. W wywiadzie Michał Głowiński, emerytowany profesor Instytutu Badań Literackich, pisarz, badacz języka publicznego, autor licznych prac literaturoznawczych oraz naukowych, w tym wciąż aktualnej książki Zła mowa, polski Żyd ocalały z Holocaustu, dzieli się traumatycznymi wspomnieniami oraz opowiada o agresji werbalnej, która jest pierwszym niepokojącym sygnałem alarmowym, ostrzegającym przed nadejściem agresji fizycznej. Po tragicznych wydarzeniach pierwszej połowy XX wieku języka już nie sposób traktować jedynie jako „domu istnienia”, bo zanim położono pierwszą cegłę, budując fabrykę Zagłady, najpierw zabrzmiały słowa nienawiści. Właśnie dlatego tak ważna jest pamięć o przeszłości i uważne badanie języka teraźniejszości, by chronić przed powtórką scenariusza potwornej historii Zagłady. Holocaust jest bowiem największą tragedią XX wieku, która była nie tylko zbrodnią na milionach Żydów, ale również odebraniem Ocalałym szansy na odbudowę harmonijnej, nienaznaczonej traumą tożsamości. Pamięć o tych wydarzeniach jest naszym dziedzictwem. Literatura jest jednym ze światów, który pozwala zachować pamięć oraz z bliska przyjrzeć się zbrodniom. Bolesne doświadczenia Shoah znajdują odzwierciedlenie w twórczości pisarzy żydowskich oraz leżą u podstaw tragicznych sprzeczności, wewnętrznej pustki i utraty wrażliwości.