bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adapting the telephone assessment and skill‐building kit to the telehealth technology preferences of stroke family caregivers
Authors: Bakas Tamilyn , McCarthy Michael J. , Israel Jahmeel , Brehm Bonnie J. , Dunning Kari , Rota Matthew , Turner Mickenna , Miller Elaine L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFamily caregivers exhibit a wide variety of needs and concerns while providing care to stroke survivors after discharge to the home setting. We report the results of two related studies utilizing a multimethod design in which stroke family caregivers (N = 12; N = 10) were interviewed using open‐ended questions, followed by written caregiver ratings regarding the types of telehealth technologies they preferred for the telephone assessment and skill‐building kit (TASK III). Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis procedures with a provisional “start list” of codes in a matrix template based on the types of telehealth technologies in the rating forms. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze ratings with response scales ranging from 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree. Average ratings for the telehealth technologies for the TASK III resource guide were obtained for the mailed hard copy binder (M = 3.58–4.13; SD = 0.35–1.00), an interactive website (https://www.task3web.com/; M = 3.86–4.17; SD = .72–1.07), an eBook (M = 3.17–3.67; SD = 0.84–1.17), and a USB drive (M = 3.75–4.00; SD = .82–.96). Average ratings for the telehealth technologies for the TASK III calls with the nurse were obtained for the use of a telephone (M = 4.36–5.00; SD = 0.00–0.89), FaceTime on an iOS device (e.g., iPhone or iPad; M = 3.73–4.40; SD = 0.79–0.98), or online videoconferencing (M = 3.17–3.50; SD = 0.82–1.47). Qualitative data revealed a wide variety of preferences for each type of telehealth technology, with advantages and disadvantages of each. The findings underscored the importance of offering multiple telehealth technology options to stroke family caregivers. Future studies are recommended that employ randomized control trial methodology to test theoretically‐based interventions that are based on stroke family caregiver preferences for telehealth technologies.
In vitro Selection of Chemically Modified DNAzymes
Authors: Huang Po‐Jung Jimmy , Liu Juewen 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDNAzymes are in vitro selected DNA oligonucleotides with catalytic activities. RNA cleavage is one of the most extensively studied DNAzyme reactions. To expand the chemical functionality of DNA, various chemical modifications have been made during and after selection. In this review, we summarize examples of RNA‐cleaving DNAzymes and focus on those modifications introduced during in vitro selection. By incorporating various modified nucleotides via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or primer extension, a few DNAzymes were obtained that can be specifically activated by metal ions such as Zn2+ and Hg2+. In addition, some modifications were introduced to mimic RNase A that can cleave RNA substrates in the absence of divalent metal ions. In addition, single modifications at the fixed regions of DNA libraries, especially at the cleavage junctions, have been tested, and examples of DNAzymes with phosphorothioate and histidine‐glycine modified tertiary amine were successfully obtained specific for Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+, and Ni2+. Labeling fluorophore/quencher pair right next to the cleavage junction was also used to obtain signaling DNAzymes for detecting various metal ions and cells. Furthermore, we reviewed work on the cleavage of 2′‐5′ linked RNA and L‐RNA substrates. Finally, applications of these modified DNAzymes as biosensors, RNases, and biochemical probes are briefly described with a few future research opportunities outlined at the end.
Investigation of Commercial Graphenes
Authors: Parker Stewart F. , Leich Valeri , Hönig Jonas , Albers Peter W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractFor graphene to achieve its full scientific and commercial potential, reliable mass production of the material on the multi‐tonne scale is essential. We have investigated five samples of graphene obtained from commercial sources that state they can supply the product on the tonne scale per annum. From electron microscopy at the micrometre to the nanometre scale, and neutron vibrational spectroscopy, we find that none of the materials examined were 100 % isolated graphene sheets. In all cases, there was a substantial content of graphite‐like material. The samples exhibited varying oxygen contents, this could be present as carboxylic acid (although other oxygenates, quinones, phenols may also be present) or water. We emphasise that INS spectroscopy is particularly useful for the investigation of inorganic materials that will be used commercially: it provides atomic scale information from macroscopic (10’s of g) amounts of sample, thus ensuring that the results are truly representative.
Metal Assisted Synthesis of Cationic Sulfidobismuth Cubanes in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Knies Maximilian , Groh Matthias F. , Pietsch Tobias , Lê Anh Mai , Ruck Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBi2S3 was dissolved in the presence of either AuCl/PtCl2 or AgCl in the ionic liquids [BMIm]Cl ⋅ xAlCl3 (BMIm=1‐n‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium; x=4–4.3) through annealing the mixtures at 180 or 200 °C. Upon cooling to room temperature, orange, air‐sensitive crystals of [BMIm](Bi4S4)[AlCl4]5 (1) or Ag(Bi7S8)[S(AlCl3)3]2[AlCl4]2 (2) precipitated, respectively. 1 did not form in the absence of AuCl/PtCl2, suggesting an essential role of the metal cations. X‐ray diffraction on single‐crystals of 1 revealed a monoclinic crystal structure that contains (Bi4S4)4+ heterocubanes and [AlCl4]− tetrahedra as well as [BMIm]+ cations. The intercalation of the ionic liquid was confirmed via solid state NMR spectroscopy, revealing unusual coupling behavior. The crystal structure of 2 consists of (Bi7S8)5+ spiro‐dicubanes, [S(AlCl3)3]2− tetrahedra triples, isolated [AlCl4]− tetrahedra, and heavily disordered silver(I) cations. No cation ordering took place in 2 upon slow cooling to 100 K.
Low Temperature Activation of Tellurium and Resource‐Efficient Synthesis of AuTe2 and Ag2Te in Ionic Liquids
Authors: Grasser Matthias A. , Pietsch Tobias , Brunner Eike , Doert Thomas , Ruck Michael 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe low temperature syntheses of AuTe2 and Ag2Te starting from the elements were investigated in the ionic liquids (ILs) [BMIm]X and [P66614]Z ([BMIm]+=1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium; X = Cl, [HSO4]−, [P66614]+ = trihexyltetradecylphosphonium; Z = Cl−, Br−, dicyanamide [DCA]−, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [NTf2]−, decanoate [dec]−, acetate [OAc]−, bis(2,4,4‐trimethylpentyl)phosphinate [BTMP]−). Powder X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy revealed that [P66614]Cl is the most promising candidate for the single phase synthesis of AuTe2 at 200 °C. Ag2Te was obtained using the same ILs by reducing the temperature in the flask to 60 °C. Even at room temperature, quantitative yield was achieved by using either 2 mol % of [P66614]Cl in dichloromethane or a planetary ball mill. Diffusion experiments, 31P and 125Te‐NMR, and mass spectroscopy revealed one of the reaction mechanisms at 60 °C. Catalytic amounts of alkylphosphanes in commercial [P66614]Cl activate tellurium and form soluble phosphane tellurides, which react on the metal surface to solid telluride and the initial phosphane. In addition, a convenient method for the purification of [P66614]Cl was developed.
Improvement of aldehyde‐functional polybenzoxazine processability and mechanical properties achieved by 5‐aminoindole/benzoxazine copolymerization
Authors: Xu Yi , Yang Nan , Liu Yujia , Li Zhengbai , He Qiang , Li Chao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract5‐Aminoindole is designed for aldehyde‐functional benzoxazine (PHB‐a) copolymerization due to the special reaction between the indole and aldehyde groups, and the copolymerization with benzoxazine monomers. The curing and mechanical behavior and thermal properties of the cured resins are investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,1H NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, tensile tests and thermogravimetric analysis. The resulting networks show better processability and mechanical properties without obvious degradation in thermal performance. The low curing temperature (70 °C) of PHB‐a is achieved after incorporation of 5‐aminoindole. An elongation rate of 2.54% and a forcing break of around 72.3 MPa are achieved, while neat poly(PHB‐a) is brittle and failed in the grips. Furthermore, its glass transition temperature is maintained up to 234 °C. These findings open a new way to realize low‐temperature curing and to improve the mechanical properties of brittle polybenzoxazine resins under the premise of maintaining good thermal stability. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry
Preparation and characterization of polyurethane foams containing microencapsulated phase change materials for thermal energy storage and thermal regulation
Authors: Liao Honghui , Liu Yuan , Chen Rong , Wang Qi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPolyurethane (PU) foam is widely used as a thermal insulating material but it does not possess thermal energy storage and thermal regulation properties. In the present work, the phase change material stearic acid (SA) is microencapsulated with melamine‐formaldehyde resin and then introduced into PU prepolymer to fabricate composite foams. In this way, the phase change properties of SA are successfully infused into the PU foams, leading to improved heat storage and thermal regulation ability. The phase change enthalpy of composite PU foams can be facilely tailored from 3.45 to 14.59 J g−1 by changing the loading fraction of microcapsules, allowing an adjustable thermal energy storage and thermal regulation capacity. The composite PU foams exhibit good thermal reliability after 100 cycles of thermal testing. Morphology observation confirms strut rupture and broken cells as well as the distribution of the incorporated microcapsules inside the cell struts. It is found that the added microcapsules have a small influence on the foam density and thermal conductivity. Finally, the microcapsules present a marked effect on the mechanical properties, with an increased elastic modulus from 3.52 to 4.21 MPa and decreased compression strength from 0.29 to 0.13 MPa. We believe that our efforts on the design and development of composite PU foams with thermal energy storage and thermal regulation properties will contribute to broaden the application scope of PU foams. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry
Measuring health‐related quality of life in adolescent and young adult cancer survivors with the National Institutes of Health Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System®: Comparing adolescent, emerging adult, and young adult survivor perspectives
Authors: Siembida Elizabeth J. , Reeve Bryce B. , Zebrack Brad J. , Snyder Mallory A. , Salsman John M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveOur knowledge of symptom burden and functioning among adolescent and young adult (AYA; diagnosed ages 15–39) cancer survivors has been hindered by variability in health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) measurement associated with developmental and disease heterogeneity among AYAs. We aimed to examine the variability in domain‐specific aspects of HRQOL as a function of cancer type and developmental stage to clarify commonalities and differences using the NIH Patient‐Reported Outcome Measurement Information System®.MethodsFive hundred seventy‐two AYAs were recruited by an online research panel using stratified sampling (treatment status: on vs. off; developmental stage: adolescents, emerging adults, young adults). Participants completed questionnaires that included sociodemographic characteristics, clinical history, and the adult version of the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System®‐29 (PROMIS‐29). Generalized linear models were run for each HRQOL domain and included treatment status, developmental stage, and cancer type (hematologic vs. solid tumor) and their interactions as independent variables.ResultsThere were no significant differences in any HRQOL domain by cancer type, and few significant differences were observed in PROMIS domains between developmental groups among on‐treatment AYA survivors. In contrast, off‐treatment emerging adults and young adults reported significantly higher symptoms and worse functioning compared to adolescents (all ps ≤ 0.003).ConclusionsAYAs diagnosed in different developmental stages, particularly among off‐treatment survivors, experienced diverse constellations of symptoms and functioning, and developmental stage was a more critical predictor of HRQOL than cancer type. These results suggest that supportive care interventions developed for AYA cancer survivors must be tailored and flexible by developmental stage and treatment status.
Biosynthesis of depsipeptides, or Depsi: The peptides with varied generations
Authors: Alonzo Diego A. , Schmeing T. Martin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractDepsipeptides are compounds that contain both ester bonds and amide bonds. Important natural product depsipeptides include the piscicide antimycin, the K+ ionophores cereulide and valinomycin, the anticancer agent cryptophycin, and the antimicrobial kutzneride. Furthermore, database searches return hundreds of uncharacterized systems likely to produce novel depsipeptides. These compounds are made by specialized nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs). NRPSs are biosynthetic megaenzymes that use a module architecture and multi‐step catalytic cycle to assemble monomer substrates into peptides, or in the case of specialized depsipeptide synthetases, depsipeptides. Two NRPS domains, the condensation domain and the thioesterase domain, catalyze ester bond formation, and ester bonds are introduced into depsipeptides in several different ways. The two most common occur during cyclization, in a reaction between a hydroxy‐containing side chain and the C‐terminal amino acid residue in a peptide intermediate, and during incorporation into the growing peptide chain of an α‐hydroxy acyl moiety, recruited either by direct selection of an α‐hydroxy acid substrate or by selection of an α‐keto acid substrate that is reduced in situ. In this article, we discuss how and when these esters are introduced during depsipeptide synthesis, survey notable depsipeptide synthetases, and review insight into bacterial depsipeptide synthetases recently gained from structural studies.
HoloYolo: A proof‐of‐concept study for marker‐less surgical navigation of spinal rod implants with augmented reality and on‐device machine learning
Authors: von Atzigen Marco , Liebmann Florentin , Hoch Armando , Bauer David E. , Snedeker Jess Gerrit , Farshad Mazda , Fürnstahl Philipp 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundExisting surgical navigation approaches of the rod bending procedure in spinal fusion rely on optical tracking systems that determine the location of placed pedicle screws using a hand‐held marker.MethodsWe propose a novel, marker‐less surgical navigation proof‐of‐concept to bending rod implants. Our method combines augmented reality with on‐device machine learning to generate and display a virtual template of the optimal rod shape without touching the instrumented anatomy. Performance was evaluated on lumbosacral spine phantoms against a pointer‐based navigation benchmark approach and ground truth data obtained from computed tomography.ResultsOur method achieved a mean error of 1.83 ± 1.10 mm compared to 1.87 ± 1.31 mm measured in the marker‐based approach, while only requiring 21.33 ± 8.80 s as opposed to 36.65 ± 7.49 s attained by the pointer‐based method.ConclusionOur results suggests that the combination of augmented reality and machine learning has the potential to replace conventional pointer‐based navigation in the future.
Stationary target localization and circumnavigation by a non‐holonomic differentially driven mobile robot: Algorithms and experiments
Authors: Wang Lei , Zou Yao , Meng Ziyang 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThis article addresses a surveillance problem where the goal is to achieve a circular motion around a target by a non‐holonomic differentially driven mobile robot. The available information for the mobile robot includes its own position, velocity with respect to the inertial frame, and the bearing angle of the target in its body frame. Since the target position is unavailable, an estimator is first proposed to localize it. Then a two‐step controller is given to drive the mobile robot to move onto a circular trajectory with a desired radius around it. It is shown that the proposed algorithm guarantees the convergence of the estimation error to a small neighborhood of zero and the motion of the robot to a small neighborhood of a designed radius. The performance of the proposed algorithm is first verified by simulations. Then, several experiments on a differentially driven mobile robot, Pioneer 3‐DX, are presented to further validate the proposed algorithm.
Robust Recolonization of Pacific Lamprey Following Dam Removals
Authors: Hess Jon E. , Paradis Rebecca L. , Moser Mary L. , Weitkamp Laurie A. , Delomas Thomas A. , Narum Shawn R. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRemoval of two dams in the Elwha River basin, Washington, started one of the largest river restoration projects ever attempted in the Pacific Northwest. These dams had eliminated Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus populations upstream. After the dam removals, larval production increased in the upper watershed, but the sources and numbers of new adult spawners were unknown. We applied genetic stock identification (GSI), parentage assignment (PA), and sibship assignment (SA) methods to (1) determine the origins of Pacific Lamprey larvae and juveniles, (2) quantify the increase in numbers of successful Elwha River spawners (i.e., effective number of breeders [Nb]) and assess whether the current numbers of spawners have reached levels equivalent to those of neighboring undammed basins, and (3) determine the relative productivity of streams within the Elwha River and how overall productivity originating from this system may be distributed across the broader surrounding region. We utilized a highly accurate set of 263 single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci to perform PA and SA (>99% accuracy rate) and an additional set of 28 SNPs for GSI. Our results showed that a single stream (Indian Creek) was the source of 41% of larval and juvenile production in the Elwha River. Our Nb estimates for the Elwha River indicated a 12‐fold increase in Nb during the 3 years after dam removal, with recent Nb estimates matching those of neighboring Olympic Peninsula basins. These results indicate rapid recolonization potential for this highly dispersive species, and high productivity within the Elwha River suggests that restoring passage to adequate habitat is a highly effective approach for re‐establishing populations of Pacific Lamprey in coastal systems.
SH3PXD2A‐AS1/miR‐330‐5p/UBA2 ceRNA network mediates the progression of colorectal cancer through regulating the activity of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Guo Shuang , Zhu Kong‐xi , Yu Wei‐hua , Wang Teng , Li Shuai , Wang Yun‐xia , Zhang Chen‐chen , Guo Jian‐qiang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLong non‐coding RNAs have important roles in the occurrence and progression of various cancers. However, the molecular mechanism of lncRNAs in colorectal cancer (CRC) is not well illustrated. Thus, we used bioinformatics methods to find potential lncRNAs associated with CRC progression, and chose SH3PXD2A‐AS1 as a candidate for further analysis. The roles of SH3PXD2A‐AS1 in CRC cells were determined by CCK‐8, transwell invasion, wound healing and flow cytometry assays. Besides, we established the CRC tumor models in nude mice to study the effect of SH3PXD2A‐AS1 on the tumor growth. Based on the ceRNA hypothesis, we used miRDB and miRTarBase websites to identify the SH3PXD2A‐AS1‐related ceRNA regulatory network, and measured the roles of this network in CRC cells. The results revealed that the expression profiles of SH3PXD2A‐AS1 from GEO and TCGA databases showed an aberrant high level in CRC tissues compared with colorectal normal tissues. SH3PXD2A‐AS1 over‐expression was also found in CRC cells. SH3PXD2A‐AS1 knockdown inhibited the CRC cellular proliferation, invasion and migration but induced apoptosis. Besides, SH3PXD2A‐AS1 knockdown also suppressed the growth of CRC tumors. Furthermore, SH3PXD2A‐AS1 could function as a ceRNA of miR‐330‐5p. Additionally, UBA2 was proved to be a target gene of miR‐330‐5p. Moreover, SH3PXD2A‐AS1 knockdown downregulated UBA2 expression through sponging miR‐330‐5p to inactivate the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the cell growth and promoting apoptosis. Therefore, the SH3PXD2A‐AS1/miR‐330‐5p/UBA2 network could regulate the progression of CRC through the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. These findings offer new sights for understanding the pathogenesis of CRC and provide potential biomarkers for CRC treatment.
Outcome of monochorionic twin pregnancy complicated by Type‐III selective intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Shinar S. , Xing W. , Pruthi V. , Jianping C. , Slaghekke F. , Groene S. , Lopriore E. , Lewi L. , Couck I. , Yinon Y. , Batsry L. , Raio L. , Amylidi‐Mohr S. , Baud D. , Kneuss F. , Dekoninck P. , Moscou J. , Barrett J. , Melamed N. , Ryan G. , Sun L. , Van Mieghem T. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveType‐III selective intrauterine growth restriction (sIUGR) is associated with a high and unpredictable risk of fetal death and fetal brain injury. The objective of this study was to describe the prospective risk of fetal death and the risk of adverse neonatal outcome in a cohort of twin pregnancies complicated by Type‐III sIUGR and treated according to up‐to‐date guidelines.MethodsWe reviewed retrospectively all monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies complicated by Type‐III sIUGR managed at nine fetal centers over a 12‐year period. Higher‐order multiple gestations and pregnancies with major fetal anomalies or other monochorionicity‐related complications at initial presentation were excluded. Data on fetal and neonatal outcomes were collected and management strategies reviewed. Composite adverse neonatal outcome was defined as neonatal death, invasive ventilation beyond the resuscitation period, culture‐proven sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis requiring treatment, intraventricular hemorrhage Grade > I, retinopathy of prematurity Stage > II or cystic periventricular leukomalacia. The prospective risk of intrauterine death (IUD) and the risk of neonatal complications according to gestational age were evaluated.ResultsWe collected data on 328 pregnancies (656 fetuses). After exclusion of pregnancies that underwent selective reduction (n = 18 (5.5%)), there were 51/620 (8.2%) non‐iatrogenic IUDs in 35/310 (11.3%) pregnancies. Single IUD occurred in 19/328 (5.8%) pregnancies and double IUD in 16/328 (4.9%). The prospective risk of non‐iatrogenic IUD per fetus declined from 8.1% (95% CI, 5.95–10.26%) at 16 weeks, to less than 2% (95% CI, 0.59–2.79%) after 28.4 weeks and to less than 1% (95% CI, –0.30 to 1.89%) beyond 32.6 weeks. In otherwise uncomplicated pregnancies with Type‐III sIUGR, delivery was generally planned at 32 weeks, at which time the risk of composite adverse neonatal outcome was 29.0% (31/107 neonates). In twin pregnancies that continued to 34 weeks, there was a very low risk of IUD (0.7%) and a low risk of composite adverse neonatal outcome (11%).ConclusionsIn this cohort of twin pregnancies complicated by Type‐III sIUGR and treated at several tertiary fetal centers, the risk of fetal death was lower than that reported previously. Further efforts should be directed at identifying predictors of fetal death and optimal antenatal surveillance strategies to select a cohort of pregnancies that can continue safely beyond 33 weeks' gestation. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology