bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of smoke component yields between room‐scale and bench‐scale experiments
Authors: Gann Richard G. , Marsh Nathan D. 
Published: November 2020

SummaryA standard procedure is needed for obtainingaccurate values of the yields of fire effluent components that are associated with harm to people from a singleacute exposure to the effluent from a fire involving realistic commercial products. We compare yields of toxic gases generated by four bench‐scale apparatus to the yields from previously conducted room‐scale fires. The apparatus is the radiant apparatus in NFPA 269 and ASTM E 1678, the smoke density chamber in ISO 5659‐2, a controlled‐atmosphere version of the cone calorimeter (ASTM E 1354), and the tube furnace specified in ISO/TS 19700. The bench‐scale specimens were cut from the same products that were burned in the room‐scale tests: a sofa, bookcases, and household electric power cable. The yields of CO2 CO, HCl, and HCN were determined. The yields of other toxicants (NO, NO2, formaldehyde, and acrolein) were below the detection limits, but were shown to be of limited importance relative to the four measured gases. We developed a criterion of a factor of two for satisfactoryscale agreement. Using this, the yields from the modified cone calorimeter were the most promising, but still imperfect, match to the room fire yields. The results of this study provide an improved basis for obtainingaccurate combustion product yield data for fire hazard and risk modeling over what currently exists.
A conservative flux‐splitting method for steady shock capturing
Authors: Zhu Zhibin , Shang Qing , Shen Qing 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA novel flux‐splitting method that can preserve the flux conservation properties for the steady shock waves is proposed in present paper. The proposed method is based on the total variation diminishing (TVD) scheme, and the dissipative flux term is constructed by the flux directly instead of conservative variables. Similar transformations are imposed on the anti‐dissipation term, which is formulated by utilizing the limiter function. Numerical experiments were performed on the one, quasi one‐ and two‐dimensional shock wave problems. The computed results show that, the steady shock waves can be accurately captured within two grid points by the proposed conservative flux‐splitting (CFS) method, and numerical oscillations are successfully eliminated near the flow discontinuities. The conservation and accuracy of present method are demonstrated by comparisons with the TVD, flux vector splitting and flux difference splitting methods.
Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment Use Remains Low Among Florida Medicaid Beneficiaries With Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Park Haesuk , Song Hyun Jin , Jiang Xinyi , Henry Linda , Cook Robert L. , Nelson David R. 
Published: November 2020

Medicaid prior authorization (PA) policies for treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy are changing. We aimed to evaluate effects of changes in PA requirements on treatment uptake and to determine the factors associated with DAA treatment among Florida Medicaid beneficiaries with HCV. This is a retrospective cohort analysis of Florida’s Medicaid administrative claims and electronic medical records (2013-2018). A total of 14,063 newly diagnosed patients with HCV were grouped based on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection and/or a substance use disorder (SUD) (7,735 HCV mono-infected with a SUD, 5,180 HCV mono-infected without a SUD, 564 HCV/HIV co-infected with a SUD, and 584 HCV/HIV co-infected without a SUD). Although the treatment rate increased three-fold after June 1, 2016, when a fibrosis-stage restriction was eliminated, only 8% received DAAs. Compared to HCV mono-infected without a SUD, HCV mono-infected with a SUD and HCV/HIV co-infected with a SUD were 47% (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.47-0.60) and 59% (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.28-0.61) less likely to initiate DAAs. Those with HCV/HIV/SUD did not experience a DAA initiation increase after a fibrosis-stage restriction was eliminated. Compared with Whites, Blacks were less likely to receive DAAs but were more likely to complete treatment. Use of medication-assisted therapy was low, despite those on medication-assisted therapy being 60% more likely to initiate DAA therapy and no more likely to discontinue therapy. Conclusion: Despite changes in Florida’s Medicaid PA requirements for DAA treatment, only 8% received treatment. Disparities in treatment access were found among patients with HIV and a SUD, and who were Black.
In our retrospective cohort study analysis using Florida Medicaid claims data (2013-2018), we examined the effects of prior authorization policy on access to direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment and identified factors associated with disparities among Florida Medicaid patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Our work shows that the number of Florida Medicaid patients treated for HCV has increased, but treatment rates are still very low (8%); compared to HCV mono-infected patients without substance use disorders (SUD), HCV mono-infected patients with SUD and HCV/HIV patients co-infected with SUD were 47% and 59% less likely to initiate DAAs, but no difference was observed in HCV/HIV patients co-infected without SUD. Disparities in access to treatment continue among patients with SUD, blacks, and pregnant women among Medicaid patients with HCV.
Unsteady squeezing flow of magnetic hybrid nanofluids within parallel plates and entropy generation
Authors: Upreti Himanshu , Pandey Alok Kumar , Kumar Manoj 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNowadays, due to the novel thermal effectiveness, a new class of fluid, named “hybrid nanofluid,” is used. It has significant applications in domestic and industrial fields. In this study, we investigated the entropy generation and heat transfer of unsteady squeezing magnetic hybrid nanofluid flow between parallel plates by considering heat source/sink and thermal radiation. In this analysis, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) (single‐walled carbon nanotube and multiwalled carbon nanotube) are considered as nanoparticles that are dispersed in water‐ethylene glycol (EG) mixtures (ie, 70%W + 30%EG and 50%W + 50%EG). For the analysis of the physical behavior of hybrid nanofluids, new models related to hybrid nanofluids are incorporated. From this study, it has been observed that as the hybrid nanofluids moved away from the surface, the entropy generation outlines accelerated with an increase in magnetic field values. Moreover, an increase in the volume fraction of CNTs, the thermal conductivity of 50%W + 50%EG + CNTs hybrid nanofluid is greater than 70%W + 30%EG + CNTs hybrid nanofluid.
Determinants of credit risk in Palestine: Panel data estimation
Authors: Abusharbeh Mohammed T. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis manuscript examines the influence of macroeconomic and bank‐specific factors on credit quality in Palestine over the last decade. For this purpose, empirical tests are conducted using panel dataset of the fixed and random effects estimates form the period of 2007 to 2018. The results of fixed effects show ample evidence of significant impact from interest, profitability and credit supply to credit default when financial crisis in included in the panel data analysis. As result, interest and credit supply positively impact non‐performing loans (NPLs) with statistical significance, while profitability has significant negative affiliation with NPLs. It also found that Palestinian commercial banks are able to cushion their NPLs during and after the global crisis. The novelty of this research provides a good knowledge in credit quality and risk control. Therefore, it can help in understanding the underlying causes of credit risk in this country and empower the commercial banks to sustain their competitive environment. Hence, it could be of considerable use to the monetary authorities to control credit default and protect Palestinian banks from financial distress.
Rare case of penile fracture caused by an injury to the crus penis: Delayed repair using the transperineal approach
Authors: Harada Junki , Shida Yohei , Gono Suzuna , Masato Masahito , Yuno Tsutomu , Hakariya Tomoaki , Kihara Toshiharu , Maeda Kanenori , Miyata Yasuyoshi , Sakai Hideki 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionPenile fracture is a rare urologic emergency, and its surgical treatment is selected based on the damaged site of the penile corpus cavernosum. Penile fractures at the site of the crus penis are quite rare, and there is controversy regarding the preferred method of surgical repair.Case presentationA 25‐year‐old Asian man was injured when rolling over in bed. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a tear in the left crus of the penis with a hematoma. Delayed surgery was successfully performed using the transperineal approach. He did not experience pain, dysuria, or erectile dysfunction postoperatively.ConclusionDelayed surgical repair using transperineal approach may be useful for penile fractures associated with penile crus injuries.
Accompanying aNepantleraBorder Artist’s Empathy: One Mexican Teen’sTestimoniosof Healing, Empowerment, and Transformation
Authors: Abril‐Gonzalez Paty 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this case study, the author showcases a Mexican teen’stestimonios, crossing borders through poetry and art. The author grounds this work within Anzaldúa’snepantla(in‐between space) andnepantleraborder artist notions and draws from Sepúlveda’s pedagogy ofacompañamiento(accompaniment). During a larger project, the author, a former teacher, reunited with former elementary students the summer before 10th grade. The author focuses on one participant, Valeria, and her nepantlera border artist empathy, revealing her embodied experiences over time. The author seeks to show how acompañamiento coupled with testimonios creates apertures across time. Implications include a teacher’s acompañamiento in establishing creative nepantla spaces outside of traditional educational structures. This fostersconfianza(trust) to express testimonios, uncovering a holistic understanding of students’ lives. Testimonios in this study promote healing, empowerment, and transformation amid various modalities for students in the educational system, creatively enhancing teachers’ literacy instruction.
New parallel computing algorithm of molecular dynamics for extremely huge scale biological systems
Authors: Jung Jaewoon , Kobayashi Chigusa , Kasahara Kento , Tan Cheng , Kuroda Akiyoshi , Minami Kazuo , Ishiduki Shigeru , Nishiki Tatsuo , Inoue Hikaru , Ishikawa Yutaka , Feig Michael , Sugita Yuji 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we address high performance extreme‐scale molecular dynamics (MD) algorithm in the GENESIS software to perform cellular‐scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with more than 100,000 CPU cores. It includes (1) the new algorithm of real‐space nonbonded interactions maximizing the performance on ARM CPU architecture, (2) reciprocal‐space nonbonded interactions minimizing communicational cost, (3) accurate temperature/pressure evaluations that allows a large time step, and (4) effective parallel file inputs/outputs (I/O) for MD simulations of extremely huge systems. The largest system that contains 1.6 billion atoms was simulated using MD with a performance of 8.30 ns/day on Fugaku supercomputer. It extends the available size and time of MD simulations to answer unresolved questions of biomacromolecules in a living cell.
Targeting tumor‐associated macrophages: A potential treatment for solid tumors
Authors: Chen Yibing , Jin Huan , Song Yucen , Huang Ting , Cao Jun , Tang Qing , Zou Zhengzhi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) in solid tumors exert protumor activities by releasing cytokines or growth factors into the tumor microenvironment. Increasing studies have also shown that TAMs play a key role in tumor progression, such as tumor angiogenesis, immunosuppression, cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis. A large body of evidence shows that the abundance of TAMs in solid tumors is correlated with poor disease prognosis and resistance to therapies. Therefore, targeting TAMs in solid tumors is considered to be a promising immunotherapeutic strategy. At present, the therapeutic strategies of targeting macrophages mainly include limiting monocyte recruitment, depletion strategies, promoting macrophage phagocytic activity, and induction of macrophage reprogramming. Additionally, targeting TAMs in combination with conventional therapies has been demonstrated to be a promising therapeutic strategy in solid tumors. In the present review, we summarized various TAMs‐targeting therapeutic strategies for treating solid tumors. This review also discusses the challenges for targeting TAMs as tumor treatments, the obstacles in clinical trials, and the perspective for the future development of TAMs‐targeting therapies for various cancers.
Synthesis and characterisation of monolithic PTFE‐modified MnOX/FeOX catalysts for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOX at low temperature
Authors: Van Dongen Madeline T , Ng Derrick , Moura Leonardo V , Acharya Durga , Wang Jinxiu , Easton Christopher D , Wang Feng , Xie Zongli 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDSelective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOX has been the most widely used technique for the reduction of NOX emissions from combustion flue gas. MnOX/FeOX based catalysts typically can attain high NOX conversion at low temperature but with inferior water vapor resistance.RESULTSA MnOX/FeOX catalyst was synthesized by the sonicated co‐precipitation method and then wash‐coated on ceramic cordierite monoliths to form a low pressure drop monolithic catalyst suitable for high flowrate flue gas treatment conditions. The catalyst achieved above 90% NO conversion at a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 30 000 h−1 over a 125–225 °C temperature window under simulated industrial flue gas conditions. In the presence of up to 5% H2O vapor, comparable performance was retained for a reduced temperature window of ≥150 °C. In order to improve water resistance and LT‐SCR performance, an optimal 10% w/w polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) doped MnOX/FeOX catalyst was developed, which exhibited remarkably high performance of up to 98% NO conversion, with improved water resistance at up to 10% v/v H2O while retaining high performance from 100 °C.CONCLUSIONMonolithic MnOX/FeOX catalyst incorporating PTFE significantly improved NO conversion and water vapour resistance due to the enhanced NH3 adsorption associated with Lewis acid sites and water repellent property. These findings will provide guidance for researchers in this field to adapt F‐based or similar additives into the making of high performance and high water resistance catalysts either to retrofit existing catalyst synthesis procedures or reinvent a novel catalyst in a scalable but economical way. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
The impact of robotics in liver surgery: A worldwide systematic review and short‐term outcomes meta‐analysis on 2,728 cases
Authors: Ciria Ruben , Berardi Giammauro , Alconchel Felipe , Briceño Javier , Choi Gi Hong , Wu Yao‐Ming , Sugioka Atsushi , Troisi Roberto Ivan , Salloum Chady , Soubrane Olivier , Pratschke Johann , Martinie John , Tsung Allan , Araujo Raphael , Sucandy Iswanto , Tang Chung N. , Wakabayashi Go 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe dissemination of robotic liver surgery is slow‐paced and must face the obstacle of demonstrating advantages over open and laparoscopic (LLS) approaches. Our objective was to show the current position of robotic liver surgery (RLS) worldwide and to identify if improved short‐term outcomes are observed, including secondary meta‐analyses for type of resection, etiology, and cost analysis.MethodsA PRISMA‐based systematic review was performed to identify manuscripts comparing RLS vs open or LLS approaches. Quality analysis was performed using the Newcatle‐Ottawa score. Statistical analysis was performed after heterogeneity test and fixed‐ or random‐effect models were chosen accordingly.ResultsAfter removing duplications, 2728 RLS cases were identified from the final set of 150 manuscripts. More than 75% of the cases have been performed on malignancies. Meta‐analysis from the 38 comparative reports showed that RLS may offer improved short‐term outcomes compared to open procedures in most of the variables screened. Compared to LLS, some advantages may be observed in favour of RLS for major resections in terms of operative time, hospital stay and rate of complications. Cost analyses showed an increased cost per procedure of around US$5000.ConclusionsThe advantages of RLS still need to be demonstrated although early results are promising. Advantages vs open approach are demonstrated. Compared to laparoscopic surgery, minor perioperative advantages may be observed for major resections although cost analyses are still unfavorable to the robotic approach.
The other side of COVID‐19 pandemic: Effects on male fertility
Authors: Seymen Cemile Merve 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has become a major pandemic threat worldwide. According to the existing clinical data, this virus not only causes respiratory diseases and affects the lungs but also induces histopathological or functional changes in various organs like the testis and also the male genital tract. The renin‐angiotensin system (RAS), also ACE 2 and TMPRSS2 play an important role in the cellular entry for SARS‐CoV‐2. Because the male genital system presents high ACE 2 expression, the importance of this pathway increases in COVID‐19 cases. As the COVID‐19 pandemic has affected the male genital system in direct or indirect ways and showed a negative impact on male reproduction, this paper focuses on the possible mechanisms underlying the damage caused by COVID‐19 to the testis and also other components of the male genital tract.
COVID‐19 in HIV‐infected patients: A case series and literature review
Authors: Swaminathan Neeraja , Moussa Peter , Mody Nidhi , Lo Kevin B. , Patarroyo‐Aponte Gabriel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDuring the current COVID pandemic, there is growing interest to identify subsets of the population that may be at a higher than average risk of infection. One such group includes people living with HIV.
Guidelines on newly identified limitations of diagnostic tools for COVID‐19 and consequences
Authors: Syal Kirtimaan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by coronavirus has spread worldwide and has become the deadliest pandemic of the 21st century. Such rapid spread is predominantly attributed to the poor diagnosis and its asymptomatic transmission. In the absence of treatment regime, timely diagnosis is the best available remedy that can restrict its spread. An early diagnosis of COVID‐19 is critical for determining the line of treatment and preventing long term complications in the infected subject. Unfortunately, available rapid antigen and antibody kits are known to be erroneous whereas reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction based tests are expensive, viral load dependent and at times inconclusive. In current scenario, the false‐negative results imposed a major risk to the individual patient care and also to the efforts for containing the spread at the population level, where as false positives are traumatic for families and can lead to improper treatment resulting in severe complications. In this article, the limitations of available diagnostic procedures have been elaborated and plausible combination approach has been advised.
Design of a compact, wideband, and flexible rhombic antenna using CMA for WBAN/WLAN and 5G applications
Authors: Qas Elias Bashar Bahaa , Soh Ping Jack , Abdullah Al‐Hadi Azremi , Vandenbosch Guy A. E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe design of a compact, wideband flexible monopole antenna printed on a flexible Kapton polyimide substrate is presented. The proposed antenna consists of two rhombic elements embedded within a square plane as the radiating element. The wide bandwidth is aimed at alleviating potential performance degradations due to its application in an on‐body environment. The proposed antenna is designed using two main methods: the method of moments with adaptive cross approximation, and the characteristic mode analysis. The antenna operates from 2.038 to 3.745 GHz, indicating a bandwidth of 1.707 GHz (59.03%). Two dominant resonant frequencies are observed at 2.45 and 3.42 GHz, with realized gain of 3 and 5 dBi, and radiation efficiency of 90% and 83%, respectively. Besides that, the genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization techniques are used to optimize the antenna and its performance validated via measurements. Besides, in free space, its on‐body performance when placed in proximity of a human body phantom is evaluated. Finally, specific absorption rate assessment is performed to ensure the safety of the proposed antenna when operating on human. Results indicate the antenna's suitability for wearable applications to support different wireless standards.
Targeted metabolomics study of early pathological features in hippocampus of triple transgenic Alzheimer’s disease male mice
Authors: Zhao Yuxi , Chen Haiquan , Iqbal Javed , Liu Xukun , Zhang Huajie , Xiao Shifeng , Jin Na , Yao Fang , Shen Liming 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious neurodegenerative disease in people of age 65 or above. The detailed etiology and pathogenesis of AD have not been elucidated yet. In this study, the hippocampi of 2‐ and 6‐month‐old triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease male mice and age–sex‐matched wild‐type (WT) mice were analyzed by using targeted metabolomics approach. Compared with WT mice, 24 and 60 metabolites were found with significant differences in 2‐ and 6‐month‐old AD mice. Among these, 14 metabolites were found common while 10 metabolites showed consistent variable trends in both groups. These differential metabolites are found associated with amino acid, lipid, vitamin, nucleotide‐related base, neurotransmitter and energy metabolisms, and oxidative stress. The results suggest that these differential metabolites might play a critical role in AD pathophysiology, and may serve as potential biomarkers for AD. Moreover, the results highlight the involvement of abnormal purine, pyrimidine, arginine, and proline metabolism, along with glycerophospholipid metabolism in early pathology of AD. For the first time, several differential metabolites are found to be associated with AD in this study. Targeted metabolomics can be used for rapid and accurate quantitative analysis of specific target metabolites associated with AD.