bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A High-Throughput Assay for Circulating Antibodies Directed Against the S Protein of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Authors: Weiss Svenja , Klingler Jéromine , Hioe Catarina , Amanat Fatima , Baine Ian , Arinsburg Suzanne , Kojic Erna Milunka , Stoever Jonathan , Liu Sean T H , Jurczyszak Denise , Bermudez-Gonzalez Maria , Simon Viviana , Krammer Florian , Zolla-Pazner Susan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
More than 24 million infections with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were confirmed globally by September 2020. While polymerase chain reaction–based assays are used for diagnosis, there is a need for high-throughput, rapid serologic methods. A Luminex binding assay was developed and used to assess simultaneously the presence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–specific antibodies in human serum and plasma. Clear differentiation was achieved between specimens from infected and uninfected subjects, and a wide range of serum/plasma antibody levels was delineated in infected subjects. All 25 specimens from 18 patients with COVID-19 were positive in the assays with both the trimeric spike and the receptor-binding domain proteins. None of the 13 specimens from uninfected subjects displayed antibodies to either antigen. There was a highly statistically significant difference between the antibody levels of COVID-19–infected and –uninfected specimens (P &lt; .0001). This high-throughput antibody assay is accurate, requires only 2.5 hours, and uses 5 ng of antigen per test.
Seasonal Human Coronavirus Respiratory Tract Infection in Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Piñana Jose Luis , Xhaard Aliénor , Tridello Gloria , Passweg Jakob , Kozijn Anne , Polverelli Nicola , Heras Inmaculada , Perez Ariadna , Sanz Jaime , Berghuis Dagmar , Vázquez Lourdes , Suárez-Lledó María , Itäla-Remes Maija , Ozcelik Tulay , Iturrate Basarán Isabel , Karakukcu Musa , Al Zahrani Mohsen , Choi Goda , Cuesta Casas Marián Angeles , Batlle Massana Montserrat , Viviana Amato , Blijlevens Nicole , Ganser Arnold , Kuskonmaz Baris , Labussière-Wallet Hélène , Shaw Peter J , Yegin Zeynep Arzu , González-Vicent Marta , Rocha Vanderson , Ferster Alina , Knelange Nina , Navarro David , Mikulska Malgorzata , de la Camara Rafael , Styczynski Jan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
Little is known about characteristics of seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs) (NL63, 229E, OC43, and HKU1) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Methods
This was a collaborative Spanish and European bone marrow transplantation retrospective multicenter study, which included allo-HSCT recipients (adults and children) with upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) and/or lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) caused by seasonal HCoV diagnosed through multiplex polymerase chain reaction assays from January 2012 to January 2019.

Results
We included 402 allo-HSCT recipients who developed 449 HCoV URTD/LRTD episodes. Median age of recipients was 46 years (range, 0.3–73.8 years). HCoV episodes were diagnosed at a median of 222 days after transplantation. The most common HCoV subtype was OC43 (n = 170 [38%]). LRTD involvement occurred in 121 episodes (27%). HCoV infection frequently required hospitalization (18%), oxygen administration (13%), and intensive care unit (ICU) admission (3%). Three-month overall mortality after HCoV detection was 7% in the whole cohort and 16% in those with LRTD. We identified 3 conditions associated with higher mortality in recipients with LRTD: absolute lymphocyte count &lt;0.1 × 109/mL, corticosteroid use, and ICU admission (hazard ratios: 10.8, 4.68, and 8.22, respectively; P &lt; .01).

Conclusions
Seasonal HCoV after allo-HSCT may involve LRTD in many instances, leading to a significant morbidity.
Findings From a Probability-Based Survey of United States Households About Prevention Measures Based on Race, Ethnicity, and Age in Response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Authors: Sauceda John A , Neilands Torsten B , Lightfoot Marguerita , Saberi Parya 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We investigated individual behaviors taken by white, African American, and Latino United States (US) households in response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and likelihood of using digital tools for symptom surveillance/reporting. We analyzed cross-sectional week 1 data (April 2020) of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Impact Survey in a large, nationally representative sample of US adults. In general, all groups engaged in the same prevention behaviors, but whites reported being more likely to use digital tools to report/act on symptoms and seek testing, compared with African Americans and Latinos. Individual behaviors may not explain COVID-19 case disparities, and digital tools for tracking should focus on uptake among race/ethnic minorities.
The effects of acupressure on post-cesarean pain and analgesic consumption: a randomized single-blinded placebo-controlled study
Authors: Akgün Mehtap , Boz İlkay 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the effects of P6 and LI4 acupressure on post-caesarean pain and analgesic consumption.DesignThis was a randomized, single-blinded, placebo-controlled study conducted in a university-affiliated obstetrics clinic between July 2017 and July 2018.ParticipantsWomen (n = 132) were randomly assigned to acupressure (n = 44), placebo (n = 44) and control (n = 44) groups.SettingAll groups received routine nursing care and analgesia protocol for post-cesarean pain. Acupressure was performed in two sessions, the postpartum second and fourth hours, with the following protocol: bilaterally to P6 (point on wrist) and LI4 (point on hand) points (for 3 minutes on each point). In the placebo group, it was just touched without the pressure on acupressure points, but the main difference was that touching was too superficial to have a therapeutic effect. The control group received only routine nursing care and analgesia protocol for post-cesarean pain.Main Outcome MeasuresThe post-caesarean pain was evaluated four times before and after each session using Visual Analog Scale for pain. Also, the analgesia protocol for post-cesarean pain was recorded for all women.ResultsThe acupressure group experienced the lowest level of post-cesarean pain compared with the placebo and control groups (P = 0.000). The consumption of pethidine hydrochloride and paracetamol was statistically lower in the acupressure group compared with the placebo and control groups (respectively, P = 0.002 and P = 0.040).ConclusionAcupressure is an effective method for reducing post-cesarean pain and analgesic consumption. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04337801.
Effects of the number of sperm and site of uterine semen deposition on conception rate and the number of embryos in weaned sows receiving a single fixed-time insemination
Authors: Belstra Brad A , Willenburg Kilby L , Gómez-López Domingo H , Knox Robert V , Stewart Kara R 
Published: August 2020

AbstractReducing the number of sperm needed to produce a litter with artificial insemination (AI) allows greater use of higher genetic merit boars. Induced ovulation with single fixed-time artificial insemination (SFTAI), combined with intrauterine (IUI) or deep uterine insemination (DUI), could improve fertility with low numbers of sperm. The objectives of the study were to determine the fertility effects of sperm numbers and the site of insemination. At weaning (0 h), sows (n = 534) were assigned by parity and estrus induction method (equine chorionic gonadotropin [eCG] or Control) to receive 1,200 × 106 sperm by IUI; 600, 300, or 150 × 106 sperm by IUI or DUI; or 75 × 106 sperm by DUI. At 80 h postweaning, sows received OvuGel and 26 h later a SFTAI using pooled semen. Sows were exposed to boars once daily and ultrasound was performed to determine follicle size and time of ovulation. Following SFTAI, sows were slaughtered 27 d after AI to determine pregnancy and litter traits. Data were analyzed using different models to test for effects of estrus induction, interaction of three levels of sperm (600 to 150) with two levels for site (IUI vs. DUI), and the overall effects of AI method (eight treatments). There was no effect (P &gt; 0.05) of estrus induction on estrus (93%) within 5 d of weaning or on follicle size (6.1 mm) at OvuGel, but wean-to-estrus interval (3.8 vs. 4.0 d) was slightly reduced (P &lt; 0.01) as was AI-to-ovulation interval (15.9 vs. 17.0 h, P = 0.04) for eCG and Control, respectively. There was no effect (P &gt; 0.05) of estrus induction on pregnancy rate (78.6%), number of corpora lutea (CL; 21.7), or number of viable embryos (12.2). There was no effect of number of sperm or site of insemination and no interaction (P &gt; 0.05) on pregnancy rate (range: 80.9% to 70.5%), but AI occurring after ovulation reduced the pregnancy rate (P &lt; 0.02). The total number of embryos (range: 16.5 to 10.3) was not affected by estrus induction, number of sperm, or site of insemination (P &gt; 0.05), but was influenced by AI treatment (P &lt; 0.01). Treatments with a higher number of sperm (1,200 and 600) had more embryos compared with those with a lower number of sperm (300 to 75). The numbers of embryos also increased with the number of CL (P &lt; 0.0001). These results suggest that the lower number of sperm affects litter size more than the pregnancy status. Acceptable fertility can be achieved with low numbers of sperm when using a SFTAI and uterine deposition, but AI-to-ovulation interval and ovulation rate influence final fecundity.
Effects of novel dental chews on oral health outcomes and halitosis in adult dogs
Authors: Carroll Meredith Q , Oba Patricia M , Sieja Kelly M , Alexander Celeste , Lye Lynn , de Godoy Maria R C , He Fei , Somrak Amy J , Keating Stephanie C J , Sage Adrianna M , Swanson Kelly S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) is the most common clinical condition occurring in adult dogs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefits of daily dental chew administration on oral health outcomes in adult dogs. Twelve adult (mean age = 5.31 ± 1.08 yr; mean BW = 13.12 ± 1.39 kg) female beagle dogs were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design consisting of 28-d periods. On day 0 of each period, teeth were cleaned by a veterinary dentist blinded to treatments. Teeth then were scored for plaque, calculus, and gingivitis by the same veterinary dentist on day 28 of each period. Breath samples were measured for malodor (volatile sulfur compounds) on days 1, 7, 14, 21, and 27 of each period. All dogs consumed the same commercial dry diet throughout the study. Control dogs were offered the diet only (CT), while treatment groups received the diet plus one of three dental chews. Two novel chews (Bones & Chews Dental Treats [BC]; Chewy, Inc., Dania Beach, FL and Dr. Lyon’s Grain-Free Dental Treats [DL]; Dr. Lyon’s, LLC, Dania Beach, FL) and a leading brand chew (Greenies Dental Treats [GR]; Mars Petcare US, Franklin, TN) were tested. Each day, one chew was provided 4 h after mealtime. All tooth scoring data were analyzed using the Mixed Models procedure of SAS (version 9.4; SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Halimeter data were analyzed using repeated measures using the Mixed Models procedure of SAS and testing for differences due to treatment, time, and treatment * time interaction. Data are reported as LS means ± SEM with statistical significance set at P &lt; 0.05. DL performed at the same level as the leading brand, GR, as both resulted in lower (P &lt; 0.05) plaque coverage and thickness scores, calculus coverage scores, and day 27 volatile sulfur concentrations compared with CT. Additionally, DL reduced (P &lt; 0.05) volatile sulfur compounds on day 14 when compared with CT. BC reduced (P &lt; 0.05) calculus coverage and day 27 volatile sulfur concentrations compared with CT. Our results suggest that the dental chews tested in this study may help slow the development and/or progression of PD in dogs.
Cryptic species inGlossophaga soricina(Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae): do morphological data support molecular evidence?
Authors: Calahorra-Oliart Adriana , Ospina-Garcés Sandra M , León-Paniagua Livia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCryptic species, defined as those that are morphologically indistinguishable but phylogenetically distinct, are common in bats and correspond to the majority of newly described species. Such seems to be the case of Glossophaga soricina, a generalist, glossophagine bat that is broadly distributed throughout the Neotropics. Several studies have found high levels of molecular variation within G. soricina, suggesting that it could be a cryptic species complex. Here, we explore data derived from two-dimensional geometric morphometric analyses of cranial characters and their covariation with environmental variables, aiming to test the existence of more than one species grouped within it and to contribute to the knowledge of its variation and evolutionary history. Variation in shape and size of skull and mandible supports the two main mitochondrial lineages reported in previous studies, one corresponding to the east side of the Andes (subspecies G. s. soricina) and the other one corresponding to populations from Mesoamerica and the west side of the Andes, in turn composed of at least three monophyletic and morphologically differentiated taxa. Environmental variables correlate with shape variation and might be responsible for convergences in shape and size between the species with the smallest distributions. Based on the evidence we present in this work we elevate four subspecies to the taxonomic level of species. The correct names for the species of the analyzed complex are: G. soricina (Pallas 1766), G. mutica Merriam 1898, G. antillarum Rehn 1902, and G. valens Miller 1913.
Postoperative small bowel obstruction secondary to single malformed staple following laparoscopic total abdominal colectomy
Authors: DiChiacchio Laura , O’Neill Natalie A , Kligman Mark , Bafford Andrea C 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Surgical staplers are ubiquitous in gastrointestinal surgery, especially laparoscopy. Intraperitoneal staples are designed to be inert and are generally regarded as benign; however, complications from primarily malformed staples can rarely occur. Here, we present a case of early mechanical postoperative small bowel obstruction due to a surgical staple following laparoscopic total abdominal colectomy and end ileostomy creation performed for medically refractory ulcerative colitis. Management consisted of diagnostic laparoscopy and careful extraction of a malformed surgical staple tethering a loop of small bowel to the rectal stump. Eight similar cases following gastrointestinal surgery have been identified in the literature, all occurring in the first 2 weeks following laparoscopic appendectomy. To our knowledge, this is the first case described following laparoscopic total abdominal colectomy, with high-grade small bowel obstruction at the level of the rectal stump staple line.
Open sets in computability theory and reverse mathematics
Authors: Normann Dag , Sanders Sam 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTo enable the study of open sets in computational approaches to mathematics, lots of extra data and structure on these sets is assumed. For both foundational and mathematical reasons, it is then a natural question, and the subject of this paper, what the influence of this extra data and structure is on the logical and computational properties of basic theorems pertaining to open sets. To answer this question, we study various basic theorems of analysis, like the Baire category, Heine, Heine–Borel, Urysohn and Tietze theorems, all for open sets given by their (third-order) characteristic functions. Regarding computability theory, the objects claimed to exist by the aforementioned theorems undergo a shift from ‘computable’ to ‘not computable in any type 2 functional’, following Kleene’s S1–S9. Regarding reverse mathematics, the latter’s main question, namely which set existence axioms are necessary for proving a given theorem, does not have a unique or unambiguous answer for the aforementioned theorems, working in Kohlenbach’s higher-order framework. A finer study of representations of open sets leads to the new ‘$\varDelta$-functional’ that has unique (computational) properties.
Incidence and Mechanisms of Musculoskeletal Injuries in Deployed Navy Active Duty Service Members Aboard Two U.S. Navy Air Craft Carriers
Authors: Hiebert Rudi , Brennan Tara , Campello Marco , Lis Angela , Ziemke Gregg , Faulkner Danielle , Weiser Sherri 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Introduction
This brief report describes the number and nature of cases of musculoskeletal pain and injury among sailors and marines presenting to the ship’s physical therapist during recent, respective deployments of two U.S. Navy aircraft carriers.

Materials and Methods
The case definition for this study was cases of work-limiting medical complaints involving the musculoskeletal system presenting, or referred, to the ship’s physical therapy services for evaluation and treatment. The population for this study was drawn from ship’s company from two Nimitz class carriers on their respective deployments. Potential subjects were recruited at their index visit for their complaint. Participants completed a survey of their symptoms while at the ship’s medical department. Data for analysis consist of counts of cases, body part affected, self-reported mechanism of injury, age, and gender of the subject. Data were analyzed by generating descriptive tables.

Results
One hundred ninety-seven cases were captured across the two carriers. Injury to the low back was the most frequent (34%), followed by shoulder (25%) and knee (15%). Twenty one cases (11%) were reported to be exacerbation of previous injuries and the rest new injuries. Of the 176 new injury cases, 93 (53%) were of an insidious onset and the remainder had a specific, identifiable onset. Of the 82 cases with a specific identifiable onset, 38 cases (46%) occurred during participation in sport and exercise activity on board ship, and the remainder of the cases occurred during the performance of duty-related work. None of the cases required evacuation off of the ship.

Conclusion
Care should be used interpreting the results since participants were volunteers and a small proportion of eligible subjects chose not to participate in the study. Nevertheless, our data are generally consistent with other studies of musculoskeletal injury on board U.S. Navy ships and are useful for health care planning purposes and for planning for future studies that may take place on board U.S. Navy vessels. The novel and important finding of this study suggests that sports and exercise activity on board ship may warrant a new area of attention for safety.
Simulating pulsar glitches: anN-body solver for superfluid vortex motion in two dimensions
Authors: Howitt G , Melatos A , Haskell B 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTA rotating superfluid forms an array of quantized vortex lines that determine its angular velocity. The spasmodic evolution of the array under the influence of deceleration, dissipation, and pinning forces is thought to be responsible for the phenomenon of pulsar glitches, sudden jumps in the spin frequency of rotating neutron stars. We describe and implement an N-body method for simulating the motion of up to 5000 vortices in two dimensions and present the results of numerical experiments validating the method, including stability of a vortex ring and dissipative formation of an Abrikosov array. Vortex avalanches occur routinely in the simulations, when chains of unpinning events are triggered collectively by vortex–vortex repulsion, consistent with previous, smaller scale studies using the Gross–Pitaevskii equation. The probability density functions of the avalanche sizes and waiting times are consistent with both exponential and lognormal distributions. We find weak correlations between glitch sizes and waiting times, consistent with astronomical data and meta-models of pulsar glitch activity as a state-dependent Poisson process or a Brownian stress-accumulation process, and inconsistent with a threshold-triggered stress-release model with a single, global stress reservoir. The spatial distribution of the effective stress within the simulation volume is analysed before and after a glitch.
The stationary points of the hierarchical three-body problem
Authors: Hansen Bradley M S , Naoz Smadar 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
We study the stationary points of the hierarchical three body problem in the planetary limit (m1, m2 ≪ m0) at both the quadrupole and octupole orders. We demonstrate that the extension to octupole order preserves the principal stationary points of the quadrupole solution in the limit of small outer eccentricity e2 but that new families of stable fixed points occur in both prograde and retrograde cases. The most important new equilibria are those that branch off from the quadrupolar solutions and extend to large e2. The apsidal alignment of these families is a function of mass and inner planet eccentricity, and is determined by the relative directions of precession of ω1 and ω2 at the quadrupole level. These new equilibria are also the most resilient to the destabilizing effects of relativistic precession. We find additional equilibria that enable libration of the inner planet argument of pericentre in the limit of radial orbits and recover the non-linear analogue of the Laplace–Lagrange solutions in the coplanar limit. Finally, we show that the chaotic diffusion and orbital flips identified with the eccentric Kozai–Lidov mechanism and its variants can be understood in terms of the stationary points discussed here.
A study of extragalactic planetary nebulae populations based on spectroscopy. I. Data compilation and first findings
Authors: Delgado-Inglada G , García-Rojas J , Stasińska G , Rechy-García J S 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
We compile published spectroscopic data and [O iii] magnitudes of almost 500 extragalactic planetary nebulae (PNe) in 13 galaxies of various masses and morphological types. This is the first paper of a series that aims to analyse the PN populations and their progenitors in these galaxies. Although the samples are not complete or homogeneous, we obtain some first findings through the comparison of a few intensity line ratios and nebular parameters. We find that the ionized masses and the luminosities in H β, LH β, of around 30 objects previously identified as PNe indicate that they are most likely compact H ii regions. We find an anticorrelation between the electron densities and the ionized masses in M 31, M 33, and NGC 300 that suggests that most of the PNe observed in these galaxies are probably ionization bounded. This trend is absent in LMC and SMC suggesting that many of their PNe are density bounded. The He ii λ4686/H β values found in many PNe in LMC and some in M 33 and SMC are higher than in the other galaxies. Photoionization models predict that these high values can only be reached in density bounded PNe. We also find that the brightest PNe in the sample are not necessarily the youngest since there is no correlation between electron densities and the H β luminosities. The strong correlation found between LH β and $L_{[\rm {O}\, \small {III}] }$ implies that the so far not understood cut-off of the planetary nebula luminosity function (PNLF) based on [O iii] magnitudes can be investigated using LH β, a parameter much easier to study.