bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut permeability is affected by sex and increased in children with irritable bowel syndrome but not in functional abdominal pain
Authors: Shulman Robert J. , Devaraj Sridevi , Heitkemper Margaret 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundGut permeability is increased in some children and adults with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We investigated whether this also is true for children with functional abdominal pain (FAP). We also determined whether sex affected permeability results.MethodsSucrose, lactulose, mannitol, and sucralose were ingested after an overnight fast in well‐phenotyped children with IBS (n = 95), FAP (n = 25), and healthy controls (HC) (n = 60). Urine was collected for 24 hours. Percent sucrose recovery was calculated based on the 0‐ to 3‐hour collection; lactulose/mannitol ratio both on the 0‐ to 3‐hour and 0‐ to 24‐hour collections; and percent sucralose recovery on the 0‐ to 24‐hours collection.Key ResultsAge was similar among the groups (P = .26). The lactulose/mannitol ratio was increased in IBS compared with HC at 0‐3 and 0‐24 hours (P = .023, P = .05, respectively). Percent sucralose recovery was greater in FAP than in HC (P = .045). No differences were noted among the groups in percent sucrose recovery. Taking sex into account, percent sucrose recovery was greater in girls with IBS vs HC girls (P = .008). The lactulose/mannitol ratio was greater in boys with IBS compared with HC boys at both time points (both P = .02). Percent sucralose recovery was greater in boys with IBS than in FAP or HC (both P < .001).Conclusions and InferencesSex is a critically important factor when measuring gut permeability. Boys with IBS have increased lactulose/mannitol ratios and percent sucralose recovery. Girls with IBS have increased percent recovery of sucrose. Children with FAP do not demonstrate abnormal gut 0permeability even taking sex into account.
Treosulfan‐based reduced toxicity hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in X‐linked agammaglobulinemia: A cost‐effective alternative to long‐term immunoglobulin replacement in developing countries
Authors: Vellaichamy Swaminathan Venkateswaran , Uppuluri Ramya , Patel Shivani , Melarcode Ramanan Kesavan , Ravichandran Nikila , Jayakumar Indira , Vaidhyanathan Lakshman , Raj Revathi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractX‐linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is a primary antibody disorder due to a mutation in the Bruton tyrosine kinase gene that requires lifelong immunoglobulin replacement resulting in a significant economic burden and treatment abandonment. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) offers an alternative option for complete cure. In our series, two children with XLA underwent successful HSCT using a myeloablative conditioning with thiotepa, treosulfan, and fludarabine from a matched sibling donor. The second child had rejected his first graft following a busulfan‐based regimen with resultant autologous reconstitution. At 6 months post‐HSCT, serum IgG were normal, off IVIG, and had no infections. Both children after a median follow‐up of 20 months have 100% chimerism. Treosulfan‐based reduced toxicity myeloablative HSCT has encouraging results with a positive impact on the socioeconomics in developing countries.
Premature Deaths, Statistical Lives, and Years of Life Lost: Identification, Quantification, and Valuation of Mortality Risks
Authors: Hammitt James K. , Morfeld Peter , Tuomisto Jouni T. , Erren Thomas C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMortality effects of exposure to air pollution and other environmental hazards are often described by the estimated number of “premature” or “attributable” deaths and the economic value of a reduction in exposure as the product of an estimate of “statistical lives saved” and a “value per statistical life.” These terms can be misleading because the number of deaths advanced by exposure cannot be determined from mortality data alone, whether from epidemiology or randomized trials (it is not statistically identified). The fraction of deaths “attributed” to exposure is conventionally derived as the hazard fraction (R – 1)/R, where R is the relative risk of mortality between high and low exposure levels. The fraction of deaths advanced by exposure (the “etiologic” fraction) can be substantially larger or smaller: it can be as large as one and as small as 1/e (≈0.37) times the hazard fraction (if the association is causal and zero otherwise). Recent literature reveals misunderstanding about these concepts. Total life years lost in a population due to exposure can be estimated but cannot be disaggregated by age or cause of death. Economic valuation of a change in exposure‐related mortality risk to a population is not affected by inability to know the fraction of deaths that are etiologic. When individuals facing larger or smaller changes in mortality risk cannot be identified, the mean change in population hazard is sufficient for valuation; otherwise, the economic value can depend on the distribution of risk reductions.
Association between soft drink consumption, gastric reflux, dental erosion, and obesity among special care children
Authors: Basha Sakeenabi , Enan Enas Tawfik , Mohamed Roshan Noor , Ashour Amal Adnan , Alzahrani Fatma Salem , Almutairi Nada Eid 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectivesThis study assessed the association between soft drink consumption, gastric reflux, dental erosion, and obesity among special care children.Materials and methodsA total of 350 special care children (male‐131, female‐219) mean age of 12.6 (± 2.6) years were included. Detection of dental erosion was performed according to the World Health Organization criteria. The medical evaluation assessed body mass index (BMI). With appropriate sample weighting, relationships between dental erosion prevalence and obesity were assessed using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsOverall prevalence of dental erosion was 36%. Mean BMI for entire study population was 24.7 (± 7.8). Regression analysis showed strong association between dental erosion prevalence and consumption of soft drinks (adjusted odds ratio = 1.8; 95% CI = 0.71‐2.92, P < .05), bulimia (adjusted odds ratio = 2.27; 95% CI = 0.99‐4.28, P < .001), and gastric reflux (adjusted odds ratio = 2.24; 95% CI = 0.82‐4.1, P < .001). Bivariate analysis showed high prevalence of dental erosion among obese children compared to children with normal weight (P = .04).ConclusionThe present study demonstrated a significant association between dental erosion prevalence and consumption of soft drinks and gastric reflux among special care children.
The screening of rare blood donors in a highly admixed population: A new approach for Holley and Diego genotyping and impact of genomic and self‐reported ancestry
Authors: Muniz Amanda A. , da Silva Adão R. , Ferraz Isabela A. , Martins Marina L. , Godin Mariana M. , Schmidt Luciana C. , Dusse Luci M. S. A. , da Silva Malta Maria Clara Fernandes 
Published: December 2019

SummaryObjectivesThe present study aimed to develop strategies for genotyping DO*HY (Dombrock system) and DI*A/DI*B (Diego system) alleles and to evaluate the impact of genomic and self‐declared ancestry on rare donor screening in admixed populations.BackgroundThe antigens Hy and Dib demonstrate clinical importance. The lack of antisera for the serological evaluation of these antigens makes it necessary to develop molecular methods. In addition, considering that some rare red blood cell phenotypes present differences in frequency between ethnic groups, it is important to assess the applicability of self‐declared ancestry in the search for rare donors in admixed populations.MethodsDO*HY and DI*A/DI*B genotyping based on real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was standardised. A total of 457 blood donors clustered by self‐defined skin colour/race categories were genotyped. Furthermore, individual genomic ancestry was used in the analyses.ResultsThe assays developed are reproducible and provide satisfactory results even at low concentrations of DNA, which make them useful in situations where the DNA is scarce, such as dried blood spots on filter paper, or when screening for pooled samples. No significant difference was observed in the frequencies of the DI*A, DI*B and DO*HY, comparing the self‐declared White (branco) donors with those who are Black (preto) and Brown (pardo).ConclusionReal‐time PCR, especially using pooled samples, is a promising strategy to screen rare blood donors. Although both self‐reported race/colour and some blood group phenotypes are associated with ancestry, the results point to a greater complexity in the application of self‐declared race/colour in the screening of rare donors in admixed populations.
Analytical validation of an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for the quantification of S100A12 in the serum and feces of cats
Authors: Bridges Cory S. , Grützner Niels , Suchodolski Jan S. , Steiner Jörg M. , Heilmann Romy M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundMeasuring S100A12 concentrations in serum and feces is a sensitive and specific marker of inflammation, such as seen with chronic gastrointestinal inflammation in people and dogs. Biomarkers of inflammation in cats are currently lacking.ObjectivesWe aimed to analytically cross‐validate the canine S100A12‐ELISA for the measurement of S100A12 in feline specimens.MethodsThe ELISA was analytically validated by assessing dilutional linearity, spiking/recovery, intra‐ and inter‐assay variability. Reference intervals for serum and fecal feline S100A12 concentrations were calculated using samples from healthy cats, and the short‐term biological variation of fecal S100A12 was assessed.ResultsObserved‐to‐expected ratios (O/E) for serial dilutions of serum and fecal extracts ranged from 91%‐159% (mean, 120%) and 100%‐128% (mean, 114%), and for the spiking/recovery method ranged from 106%‐263% (mean, 154%) and 52%‐171% (mean, 112%). Intra‐ and inter‐assay CV% for serum were ≤5.6% and ≤14.0%, and for fecal extracts were ≤3.8% and ≤19.1%, repsectively. RIs for feline serum and fecal S100A12 concentrations were <43 µg/L and < 20 ng/g, respectively. A mild short‐term biologic variation, but large individuality were detected when measuring fecal S100A12 concentrations in healthy cats.ConclusionsThe canine S100A12‐ELISA is accurate, reproducible, and sufficiently linear and precise for the measurement of S100A12 in feline serum and fecal samples. The use of this assay is a reasonable option for the measurement of S100A12 concentrations in feline specimens and provides a basis for the further evaluation of S100A12 in cats with gastrointestinal disease. Using a population‐based RI for fecal feline S100A12 appears to be of limited value.
Novel sexual dimorphism in a new genus of Bathynellidae from Russia, with a revision of phylogenetic relationships
Authors: Camacho Ana I. , Mas‐Peinado Paloma , Iepure Sanda , Perina Giulia , Dorda Beatriz A. , Casado Adrian , Rey Isabel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBathynellidae is the neglected family of Bathynellacea, a groundwater group of crustaceans with 33 genera and 107 species described and almost half of them included in the ‘catch‐all’ genus Bathynella. Due to the morphological homogeneity of the species, the taxonomic uncertainties have accumulated over time. Therefore, to explore the phylogenetic relationships among taxa, a combined approach using morphological and molecular data is needed. In this paper, we performed a phylogenetic analysis based on partial sequences of COI and 18S including 30 species of Bathynellidae. This data set represents the most updated one, including a new genus and a new species (Altainella calcarata gen. n. sp. n.) of Bathynellidae described here from Altai Mountain (Russia). The new taxon presents a new type of sexual dimorphisms with a peculiar structure on the coxopod of the male thoracopod VII and also sexual dimorphism on the mandibular palp, as some species of the subfamily Gallobathynellinae. This is the first species of Bathynellidae that presents both variants of sexual dimorphism. The molecular phylogeny supports the morphology and the erection of the new genus and displays highly divergent genetic units corresponding to subfamilies, with the new genus closer to Bathynellinae genera than other subfamilies. With the description of this new species and its molecular characterization, the existence of the other genera beyond Bathynella is confirmed in Eurasia.
Molecular and morphometric analyses identify new lineages within a large Eumida (Annelida) species complex
Authors: Teixeira Marcos A. L. , Vieira Pedro E. , Pleijel Fredrik , Sampieri Bruno R. , Ravara Ascensão , Costa Filipe O. , Nygren Arne 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe report on two new lineages of the Eumida sanguinea complex from Great Britain and describe one of them as a new species using a multilocus approach, including the mitochondrial DNA COI‐5P and the nuclear markers ITS (ITS1, 5.8S rRNA and ITS2) and 28S rRNA. The molecular analysis placed Eumida mackiei sp. nov. in a monophyletic clade with 19.1% (COI), 10.1% (ITS) and 1.7% (28S) mean distance to its nearest neighbour. Molecular diagnoses were also applied to nine lineages within the E. sanguinea complex. This was complemented with morphometric data employing multivariate statistical analysis and the incorporation of statistical dissimilarities against three other described species from the complex. Eumida mackiei sp. nov. can be distinguished from E. notata and E. maia by the larger distance between the eyes and differences in morphometric proportions mainly in the dorsal and ventral cirri as well as in the prostomial appendages. E. sanguinea sensu stricto failed to produce a cluster of its own in the morphometric analysis, probably due to juvenile bias. Integrative taxonomy provided strong evidence to formally describe a new cryptic species that can now be used in biomonitoring or other relevant ecological research.
Dermatomiositis como expresión de síndrome paraneoplásico
Authors: Mejía-López María Gimena , Alvarado-Ospina Yury Alejandra , Gutiérrez Juan Martín , Fernández-Ávila Daniel G. , Díaz María Claudia 
Published: December 2019

La dermatomiositis es una miopatía inflamatoria con afectación cutánea que se ha encontrado asociada con procesos neoplásicos. El artículo presenta el caso de una paciente de 74 años de edad, quien posterior al diagnóstico de dermatomiositis consultó por síntomas de disfagia, asociada con una significativa pérdida de peso. Dadas descripciones previas de la relación de dermatomiositis con cáncer, se decidió iniciar búsqueda de malignidad asociada y se encontró un proceso neoplásico avanzado, con causa primaria desconocida, que requirió manejo paliativo. Por la mayor incidencia de malignidad en pacientes con dermatomiositis, comparada con la población general, es de vital importancia atender a los signos descritos como predictores de la asociación y no pensar en estas como entidades aisladas.
Frecuencia de complicaciones sépticas posterior a cistouretrografía miccional sin urocultivo de control previo en niños de tres meses a nueve años de edad con infección de vías urinarias y respuesta clínica a antibioticoterapia adecuada
Authors: Mejía Pavony Juan Gonzalo , Bustos Sánchez Diana Carolina , Rey Camacho Sandra Janeth , Vásquez Blanco Gladys Johanna , Lozano Juan Manuel 
Published: December 2019

Con el ánimo de medir la frecuencia de complicaciones sépticas secundarias a la elaboración de la cistouretrografía miccional sin urocultivo de control en niños de tres meses a nueve años de edad con infección urinaria tratados en el Hospital San Ignacio y que tuvieron respuesta clínica adecuada al antibiótico, se diseñó un estudio de cohortes retrospectivo de dos años. Se revisaron un total de 243 historias, cuyos datos fueron extraídos con base en el formulario de recoleccion de datos. Ninguno de los 59 pacientes que cumplían los criterios de inclusión presentaron complicaciones sépticas. Se propone elaborar un estudio longitudinal prospectivo que pretenda demostrar la concordancia del criterio clínico de curación de la infección urinaria correspondiente a 48 horas sin fiebre luego del inicio del tratamiento, con el urocultivo negativo necesario, propuesto en las guías actuales, para evitar su solicitud con el objeto de minimizar costos de salud y tiempos y oportunidad de atención.
Neutropenia febril y pancitopenia aguda en pacientes con leucemia linfoide aguda posterior a consolidación con metotrexato en el Centro Javeriano de Oncología durante el periodo 2012-2014
Authors: Córdoba Núñez María Adelaida , Guzmán Cruz Paula Carolina , Acero Azuero Silvia 
Published: December 2019

Introducción: La leucemia linfoide aguda (LLA) es la neoplasia infantil más frecuente. Su tratamiento incluye 3 fases, una de las cuales es la consolidación, donde el pilar fundamental es el uso de metotrexato a dosis diferenciales, dependiendo de la clasificación de riesgo de la enfermedad.Objetivo: Estimar la presencia de neutropenia febril, anemia y trombocitopenia en pacientes con LLA que recibieron durante la consolidación metotrexato a dosis de 5 g/m2 respecto a los pacientes que recibieron dosis de 2 g/m2.Métodos: Se revisaron todas las historias clínicas de los pacientes de 1 a 15 años de edad con LLA atendidos en el Centro Javeriano de Oncología, desde el 1 de enero del 2012 hasta el 10 de marzo del 2014. Resultados: Se recolectó información de 66 ciclos de quimioterapia, de los cuales 31 correspondían a aplicaciones de 2 g/m2 y 35 a aplicaciones de 5 g/m2. La frecuencia de neutropenia febril en el grupo de 2 g/ m2 fue del 25 % y del 34 % en el grupo de 5 g/m2, lo que se asemeja a lo reportado en la literatura.Conclusión: El uso de metotrexato a altas dosis para el manejo de LLA en nuestro medio no aumentó la toxicidad hematológica con respecto al grupo de dosis baja. Y hay evidencia suficiente de mejoría en las tasas de curación de la enfermedad.
A Three-Dimensional Coupled Finite Element Model for the Simulation of Stress Corrosion on Pipeline Steel
Authors: Sun Dongxu , Wu Ming , Xie Fei , Gong Ke 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this study, a three-dimensional finite element model was constructed to study the stress corrosion behavior of pipeline steel. Stress analysis and electrochemical calculation were incorporated into the model through multiphysics field coupling technique. Tensile property and electrochemical corrosion behavior of X70 pipeline steel were measured by experiments to formulate the model. The modeling results show that the corrosion is accelerated on the surface of corrosion defect where the stress tends to concentrate because of mechanoelectrochemical effect. The effect of elastic strain on corrosion enhancement is not obvious. The plastic deformation on defect bottom increases the corrosion rate significantly, especially for the conditions with high operating pressure or large defect depth. The corrosion current distribution indicated that the “self-acceleration effect” exists on corrosion defect. This effect makes the corrosion develop to depth and the shape of corrosion defects is more likely to cause stress concentration, and finally induces corrosion perforation or cracking. The two directions, i.e. axial and circumferential direction, have the different stress corrosion behaviors. The “self-acceleration effect” is more obvious on circumferential direction than that on axial direction, which can explain the phenomenon that there are mostly axial stress corrosion cracks on the pipeline in field.
A Study on Energy Saving Potential of the Ground System in Oil Field Considering the Light Hydrocarbon Component
Authors: Yingze Tong , Gang Liu , Lei Chen 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The dissolution of light components in crude oil would increase its saturated vapor pressure, and easy to produce losses during the storage and transportation process. However, the crude oil containing light hydrocarbons has better flowing properties and rheological properties under low temperature. Compared with degassed crude oil, the viscosity, yield stress and freezing point of dissolved-gas crude oil have been improved obviously. On the basis of analyzing energy consumption of the gathering system and total energy cost of pipeline operation, the improved gathering and transportation process without the device in stabilizing crude oil will be considered. The new process mode not only makes the overall upstream of the gathering and transportation system be airtight, but also has the advantages of simple process, less equipment, high degree of automation and convenient management. It helps to form an integrated three-links structure among joint station, pipeline and refinery, which is of a huge energy-saving potential to the environment and safe operation of the gathering and transportation system with crude oil pipelines.
Investigation on Corrosion Base Characteristics and Deep Dehydration Technology of Micro-Droplets in Oil Pipelines
Authors: Guo Kai , Lv Yuling , He Limin , Luo Xiaoming , Yang Donghai 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Corrosion is an important cause of steel pipeline failure and oil leakage, especially local pitting corrosion in long distance crude oil pipelines. Deep dehydration is of great significance to pipeline anticorrosion, however, further experimental results show that it is very difficult to achieve deep dehydration by a single electric field. Recent studies have shown that the particle size change of dispersed phase for the emulsion with large droplets after electromagnetic synergistic treatment is more obvious than that of a single electric field. In this study, the effect of micro-droplets on corrosion of oil pipelines are revealed. The role of micro-droplets in the process of microbial corrosion and electrochemical corrosion in a strong or weak acid solution for oil pipelines was summarized. A structural model of on-line tubular electromagnetic synergistic intensification coalescing device was established. The size change of particle of the dispersed phase in emulsions was studied. Crude oil and water were used as experimental materials, and the particle size distribution of dispersed phase in emulsions was tested by the evaluation system. The results showed that mean radius, d10 and d50 of water droplets in emulsion treated by electromagnetic synergism are larger than those treated by a single electric field. Strengthening droplets coalescence by electromagnetic synergism is also effective on emulsions whose particle size of the dispersed phase is less than 100μm. The role of micro-droplets in pitting corrosion is summarized based on corrosion channels. In the process of microbial corrosion and electrochemical corrosion in strong or weak acid solution, the role of water is presented in two aspects like participating in the reaction and providing ion electron transmission media. Analogous to culture medium, micro water droplets can be called corrosion medium for pitting corrosion in long-distance crude oil pipelines. A structural model of on-line tubular electromagnetic synergistic intensification coalescing device was established, including an electric field generation device and a magnetic field excitation component with orthogonal distribution and synchronous synergy. And emulsions are treated by electric and magnetic fields while flowing through the medium channel. The particle size change of dispersed phase in emulsions with average particle size of dispersed phase less than 100μm was experimental studied. It is found that mean radius, d10 and d50 of water droplets in emulsion treated by electromagnetic synergism are larger than that by a single electric field. Therefore, electromagnetic synergism can further enhance the dehydration depth compared with a single electric field.