bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economy, Law, and Politics; Choudhury’s Theories and Fundamental Utopia
Authors: Muslimin JM 
Published: November 2020

Masudul Alam Choudhury agrees that fundamental thinking to construct a new knowledge base is needed when scientific and social conditions tend to be closed and monopolistic. The construction is expected to be able to dismantle the structural veil to find an alternative foundation and format that can be expected to realize social justice. For this reason, law, economics, and social paradigm can be effective instruments. In contrast to Choudhury, Karl Marx emphasized the existence of a new, rational-material awareness that dimensioned an economic struggle based on class consciousness, historical dialectics and materialism as the choice of objectives above. This awareness can be grown contextually, by moving the oppressed to demand equality. So the legal, economic and political foundations can change. While Choudhury focuses more on the transcendental dimension of the divine (tauhid paradigm) which is interpreted comprehensively and totally to dismantle the legal, economic and social order. Thus, the legal, economic and political infrastructure rests on fairness and productivity that remains competitive. The values that are in the divine foundation are arranged in the building of law and ethics (morals) to be integrated into the institution towards the desired reconstruction. However, Choudhury’s ideas remain normative and fail to be translated. It is too utopian.
Design and evaluation of a sensor network for medical monitoring in areas of difficult access
Authors: Castillo Quiel Yarisol , Saavedra Amilkar , Villarreal Vladimir 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: This article is the result of the research "Framework for the implementation of IPv6 using 6LoWPAN in sensor networks to facilitate the monitoring and control of people with dependency needs" developed at the Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá in the year 2019-2020.
Problem: The medical care of patients in rural areas of Panama is a priority, they need a constant follow-up and monitoring of their illness, there is no system that allows medical personnel to keep a continuous control.
Objective: The research proposes the development of a system with electronic devices using low power networks, which allows patients to send their clinical data to a central server, storing them and later a doctor can make an evaluation of the disease to keep a control, follow up and monitoring of the patients that reside in areas of difficult access.
Methodology: For the design and progressive development of the system, the use of the incremental methodology is proposed.
Results: Once developed both the hardware and the software, we tested the model in different scenarios recording measurements for pulse at different distances.
Conclusion: The implementation of a low-cost system offers the possibility to patients, who do not have access to regular health services, to have a better control and recommendations from the doctor.
Originality: Some similar systems have been developed, but not all of them contemplate security aspects for the handling of sensitive and delicate data.
Limitations: The maximum distance allowed is 60 meters at the time of testing the data.
Adherence to Secondary Prevention and Influential Factors in Individuals with Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: Henao López Vanesa , Triviño Vargas Zaider 
Published: November 2020

Objective. To explore the relation between adherence to secondary prevention and factors that influence on said adherence in people with acute coronary syndrome, who underwent percutaneous coronary angioplasty in a clinic in Medellín.
Methods. Cross-sectional study on a random sample of 128 volunteer patients. A questionnaire was used for sociodemographic variables, the “Scale to measure therapeutic adherence for patients with chronic diseases, based on explicit behaviors” by Trujano, Vega, and Nava andthe “Instrument to evaluate adherence by patients according to influential cardiovascular risk factors” validated by Consuelo Ortiz.
Results. Socioeconomic factors influenced in very low manner on the adherence to secondary prevention; factors related with the therapy did so moderately and patient factors influenced in low manner. No relation was found between the health provider factor and said adherence.
Conclusion. Factors exist that influence in a lesser or higher measure on adherence to secondary prevention and which must be recognized in people with coronary angioplasty to designstrategies to improve this aspect of self-care.
A Review of Contamination Issues Associated with an Orbiting Space Station External Environment
Authors: Smith Alphonso 
Published: November 2020

Contamination monitoring must be placed in the forefront for long-term space exploration experiments in order to help obtain interpretable data. Present day computer program codes have been developed to the stage where they are very useful for contamination modeling and have been used to some extent with the Shuttle Orbiter associated experimental programs. With the upcoming Space Station program, contamination issues must be openly discussed and put into the proper perspective in order to help alleviate some of the associated problems encountered during the Shuttle flight experiments.
Issues are discussed relative to ongoing contamination concerns, pointing out some errors of the past and suggesting improvements in experimental approaches to enhance the interpretability of data. The purpose of this article is to focus attention on a critical technology that has been ignored to some extent in past flight experiments. Also, references and data are presented to show that significant efforts have been made in the contamination area. The present need is to make use of the available data and ensure that contamination control guidelines are adhered to. This must be done early in any proposed orbiting spacecraft design and not be added in during critical experimental stages.
Corrosion Testing of Captor Strongback Bands
Authors: Prettyman Thomas 
Published: November 2020

Accelerated corrosion tests were conducted by the Naval Surface Weapons Center on CAPTOR mine strongback bands. Strongback bands are part of the CAPTOR suspension system, which interfaces the mine to the delivery system of minelaying aircraft and surface ships. The laboratory tests were performed to recreate the stress corrosion cracking failures observed in CAPTOR stockpile storage. The tests were designed to produce the same failures during weeks of laboratory testing which occurred after several years of stockpile storage. This magnitude of accelerated testing required the use of aggressive corrosion test environments.
Eight strongback bands, representing (known) problem bands (H925 heat treated 17-4PH stainless steel), the present-use bands (H1015 heat treated 17-4PH stainless steel), and the proposed replacement bands (Inconel 718), underwent side-by-side testing. Both (known) problem bands failed by stress corrosion cracking: the first during 28-day temperature and humidity testing, and the second during the subsequent 1000-hour salt spray test. None of the three present-use or three proposed replacement bands failed through the temperature and humidity test, salt spray test, and twelve months of outdoor exposure. These failures indicate that the test environments are sufficiently aggressive to recreate fleet-observed stress corrosion cracking failures, but in a much shorter time.
Surface Contamination Monitoring by the Measurement of Scattering Distribution Functions
Authors: Carosso Paolo , Pugel Carosso Nancy 
Published: November 2020

This paper describes the use of Bidirectional Scattering Distribution Functions (BSDF) to quantify surface degradation, thus providing an effective method for contamination monitoring.This approach to contamination monitoring is based on the use of witness surfaces (mirrors or glass slides) located next to the critical surfaces. Contaminant accretion can be monitored during all phases of spacecraft fabrication, assembly, and testing. The method can be applied in other areas of contamination control such as monitoring of clean room environments. The BSDF can also prove extremely useful in establishing contamination control requirements and acceptability criteria. This paper describes the apparatus adopted to perform BSDF measurements and discusses some practical aspects of data collection. The results obtained in contamination monitoring programs performed at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center are presented. Some possible new applications of this monitoring technique are also addressed.
Rationale for Proposed Revisions to Federal Standard 209B (Cleanrooms)
Authors: Cooper Douglas 
Published: November 2020

This paper discusses the rationale behind the proposed revisions of Federal Standard 209B on cleanroom air cleanliness classifications. The proposed revisions were developed in a series of meetings held by the RP-50 committee of the Institute of Environmental Sciences. The major recommended changes are:
1. Class 1 and Class 10 be added
2. The two proposed new classes may be met at particle diameters of 0.1,0.2,0.3, and 0.5 μm, (microns), and Class 100 may be met at 0.2,0.3 μm as well as 0.5 μm, with suitable adjustments in the required concentrations
3. Other classes (e.g., Class 50) be defined as appropriate
4. The number of sampling points be specified differently, and a distinction be drawn between unidirectional and non-unidirectional flow, rather than laminar and turbulent flow
5. Minimum sampling volumes be set, based on measurement errors
6. Verification be done initially and periodically
7. Verification require particle counting
8. Particle counting instruments require periodic calibration
9. An area be deemed to meet the class limit if both:
a) the average particle count at each location meets the class limit and
b) the mean of these averages is sufficiently below the class limit that the population mean is almost certainly (95% confidence level) less than the class limit
The rationale for these proposed changes is discussed.
Low Cost Thermal Vacuum Testing Facility for Electronic Units
Authors: Dgany Elhanan , Kochavi Eytan , Gruntman Shimon , Kinan Asher 
Published: November 2020

A thermal vacuum testing facility for electronic units has been specified, designed, and built. It is fully operational and performs its tasks—thermal vacuum qualification and acceptance testing of electronic units.
All performance requirements and design details have been carefully evaluated on a cost-effective basis, resulting in achieving the design goal of low price (purchase, operation, and maintenance) together with ease of operation, maintenance simplicity, and upgrading options.
The major cost saving originated from a detailed analysis of thermal vacuum requirements that resulted in low cost substitutes to the common thermal shroud, together with a thermal plate. The plate is actively thermally controlled by a circulating fluid that is temperature regulated by a commercial heating and cooling unit.
The high vacuum pumping system includes a diffusion pump with backstreaming holders.
Comments on Kurtosis of Military Vehicle Vibration Data
Authors: Connon William 
Published: November 2020

Road vibration tests were recently conducted on a series of shelters on dolly sets and on a series of prototype trucks at the U.S. Army Combat Systems Test Activity (USACSTA) at Aberdeen Proving Ground. Data from histogram or amplitude distribution tables were plotted in the normal probability domain to provide a graphic representation. When examining these probability plot data, a divergence of the actual distribution from the normal distribution at the tails was noticed. Of the 104 trials compared, the normal distribution was exceeded by 30 trials at the 90 percent level, 87 trials at the 99 percent level, and 88 trials at the 99.9 percent level. This indicates that the actual measured values at the extreme ends of the distribution (beyond the 90 percent occurrence levels) are larger in magnitude (acceleration) than would be predicted by the assumption of a normal distribution.
This same trend was noticed during examination of the kurtosis values for the same data sets. The values generally exceeded a value of three, which is the expected value for a Gaussian distribution. Because the kurtosis is largely affected by data values far from the mean, a correlation between the normalized 99.9 percent values and the normalized kurtosis values was tried. A linear regression line was fit through the data, which produced a correlation of approximately 0.82.
Although no formal effort has been put forth to catalog kurtosis measurements from military vehicles, it has generally been observed that the kurtosis values obtained from operation over our test courses is greater than three, indicating that the tails of a vibration distribution from operation over severe terrain are further from the mean (larger amplitude) than would be predicted from a normal distribution. If the kurtosis of the laboratory test distribution is less than that of the field distribution, the extreme values seen in the field environment will not be duplicated in the lab. The addition of conservatism during the schedule development process should be enough to overcome this difference; however, dome effort should be made to develop a "bi-domain" (frequency and time domain amplitude) control system so that the amplitude distribution of the lab test will more closely match that of the field data from which the schedule was derived.
A Cryogenic, Low-PPB Range Moisture Analyzer for Process Gases
Authors: Buck A. , Pressey R. , Yesenofski D. , Zatko D. 
Published: November 2020

A commercial cryogenic chilled mirror moisture analyzer has been developed and tested for use with semiconductor process gases. The system is continuously reading, responds to moisture upsets within 40 sec, and can be used reliably at single-digit ppb moisture levels.
The CR-1 was evaluated by the methodology proposed at the Microcontamination '92 Conference. The evaluation shows that the instrument provides accurate and stable readings within the requirement specifications for gases used in semiconductor processing. With the CR-1, the gas system can be connected, purged-down, and be able to monitor at the 10 ppb level within 2 hr.
Cleanroom Mats: An Investigation of Particle Removal
Authors: Whyte W. , Shields T. , Prvan T. 
Published: November 2020

The variables that influence the particle removal efficiency of cleanroom mats were investigated. The removal efficiency was generally found to be greater if the mat was of a softer type, the particles smaller, the particle size distribution more homogeneous, the distance between the particles greater, and the adhesive strength of the mat surface greater.
One application of a mat surface was sufficient to remove a low concentration of similarly sized particles from a surface but it could require up to four mat surfaces to remove a high concentration of heterogeneously sized particles.
It was found with heterogeneously sized particles that larger particles were removed first, thus allowing access to the smaller particles which could then be removed. If the mat was soft, it allowed larger particles to sink into it and smaller particles than normal to be picked up.
Determinants of delayed vaccination among children under 2 years attending an immunisation clinic of a tertiary care hospital, Kolkata
Authors: Chakraborty Nabanita , Joardar Gautam Kumar 
Published: November 2020

Background: Immunization is one of the most effective public health measures for disease prevention and when administered timely leads to substantial reduction in child mortality and morbidity. However, timely administration of vaccines remains neglected putting the children at risk of acquiring the infections. Methods: The study is a cross-sectional, observational study, conducted in the immunization clinic of KPC Medical College and Hospital from January to March 2019 among children below the age of 2 years. The sample size was 332. The mothers were interviewed with a pre-designed and pre-tested schedule regarding socio-demographic details and records were reviewed for scheduled date of immunization and to find any delay.Results: Total 33.7% children had some delay in receiving vaccines. The delay was found to be more in mothers <20 years of age, female children, children belonging to Hindu religion, children from joint family, children belonging to class 4 SES, children where maternal education is up to primary level and children with birth order≥3. Significant association was found between vaccine delay birth and order. (p<005). Sickness of the child accounted for 41% of the delays followed by both parents working, which accounted for 25.9% of delays.Conclusions: Delay in vaccination was found in approximately one-third of children. Thus more awareness generation is required among mothers regarding the timeliness of vaccinations and risk it poses on the children making them more susceptible to diseases in the period of delay.
The use of different 17β-estradiol hormone doses and water temperatures to control cannibalism in catfish Clarias gariepinus seed
Authors: Putri Hylda Khairah , Zairin Jr. Muhammad , Carman Odang , Diatin Iis 
Published: November 2020

Cannibalism is a major problem in the intensive catfish hatchery that caused high mortality. This phenomenon is allegedly due to the high level of testosterone hormones in the early larvae and seed stages. Testosterone is a maternal steroid hormone that is transferred directly by the parent to the egg. Catfish broodstock has high testosterone levels during the gonad maturation phase and it enters the eggs during the process of vitellogenesis. A high level of testosterone is considered to cause catfish seeds to behave aggressively and subsequently encourage cannibalism. This testosterone level may be reduced by estrogen through a negative feedback mechanism. This experiment aimed to evaluate the use of several 17β-estradiol doses at different water temperatures to control cannibalism in catfish seeds. This experiment used two factors, i.e. 17β-estradiol doses (0, 20, and 50 mg/kg) coated in the diet and water temperatures (28 and 31°C). The results showed that 17β-estradiol levels in catfish seeds increased with increasing experimental length. The use of 17β-estradiol at low water temperature (28°C) was better in decreasing mortality, while the dose of 50 mg/kg17β-estradiol which applied at 28°C was the best combination in controlling cannibalism on catfish seeds.

Keywords: 17β-estradiol, cannibalism, Clarias gariepinus, seed.

ABSTRAK

Kanibalisme merupakan salah satu masalah utama dalam pembenihan ikan lele intensif karena menyebabkan kematian yang tinggi. Fenomena ini diduga karena kadar hormon testosteron yang tinggi pada tahap larva dan benih. Testosteron merupakan hormon steroid maternal yang ditransfer secara langsung oleh induk ke telur. Induk ikan lele memiliki kadar testosteron yang tinggi pada fase pematangan gonad dan masuk ke dalam telur selama proses vitelogenesis. Tingginya kadar testosteron diduga menyebabkan benih berperilaku agresif dan akan mendorong kanibalisme. Kadar testosteron dapat ditekan dengan meningkatkan kadar hormon estrogen melalui mekanisme feedback negatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi penggunaan dosis estradiol-17β dan suhu pemeliharaan yang berbeda untuk mengendalikan kanibalisme pada benih ikan lele. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua faktor yaitu dosis estradiol-17β yang berbeda (0, 20, dan 50 mg/kg) yang diberikan melalui pakan, dan suhu pemeliharaan yang berbeda (28 dan 31°C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi estradiol-17β pada benih ikan lele meningkat seiring dengan lamanya pemeliharaan. Penggunaan estradiol-17β pada suhu 28°C lebih baik dalam mengurangi mortalitas, sementara dosis estradiol-17β 50 mg/kg pada suhu pemeliharaan 28°C adalah kombinasi terbaik dalam mengendalikan kanibalisme pada benih ikan lele.

Kata kunci: benih, Clarias gariepinus, estradiol-17β, kanibalisme.
From Completion to Production Without Intervention in a Subsea Well
Authors: Feder Judy 
Published: November 2020

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Judy Feder, contains highlights of paper OTC 30697, “From Completion to Production Without Intervention in a VXT Subsea Completed Well,” by Susanne Loen Ommundsen, Interwell, and Berit Sara Schiefloe and Olle Balstad, Equinor, et al., prepared for the 2020 Offshore Technology Conference, originally scheduled to be held in Houston, 4-7 May. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.
As part of an improvement program focused on increasing standardization and efficiency on subsea well operations on the Norwegian continental shelf, the operator aimed to standardize future subsea wells using vertical trees (VXT) instead of horizontal trees. This would enable batch completion of several wells with a rig, followed by XT installation with an installation, maintenance, and repair (IMR) vessel, eliminating the need for a rig or lightweight intervention (LWI) vessel. The complete paper describes the development and implementation of a glass-plug solution that closed the technical gaps that had previously inhibited fully intervention-free operation for completion installation.
Background and Field Information
Trestakk is an oil and gas field in the Norwegian Sea in Block 6406/3. The field lies in 300 m of water approximately 27 km southeast of Åsgard A. Trestakk was discovered in 1986 and the plan for development and operation was approved in 2017. Equinor operates the field with 59.1% ownership interest, with Vår Energi owning the remaining 40.9%.
The field development covers a subsea template with four well slots and one satellite well. A total of five wells will be drilled - three for production and two for gas injection. Production from the Trestakk subsea field on Haltenbanken in the Norwegian Sea began 16 July 2019.
Trestakk is tied back to the Åsgard A floating production vessel. The Petroleum Safety Authority Norway and the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate approved the application for extending the lifetime of the installation to 2031 as a result of the additional recoverable volumes from Trestakk, for which field production is expected to last for 12 years.
The goal for Trestakk was to achieve first recoverable oil at surface as soon as possible. The method selected was deployment of the completion string and VXT from a rig. The proposed solution was a barrier valve to be integrated as part of the completion string. As an operational improvement, the Trestakk team decided to design the wells with the intention of excluding wireline. Common methods for suspension and initiation of subsea wells during blowout-preventer (BOP) removal and VXT installation include installing shallow-set bridge plugs in the tubing or a tubing hanger plug. The plug is then removed using a riserless LWI vessel or rig. This method is often associated with high cost and enhanced operational risk.