PERANAN RUANG KOMUNAL DALAM MEWADAHI PERILAKU SOSIAL MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG RATMAKAN
Authors: Prasetyo Anggar 
Published: December 2019

Kampung Ratmakan merupakan sebuah kampung yang terletak ditengah perkotaan Yogyakarta. Kampung Ratmakan memiliki citra yang bersih dan ikatan sosial yang kuat antar anggota masyarakat. Namun perilaku masyarakat perkotaan menjadi ancaman bagi masyarakat masyarakat Kampung Ratmakan. Ancaman datang berupa dari karakter masyarakat perkotaan yang cenderung individu dan mengancam karakter sosial masyarakat Kampung Ratmakan. Untuk itu dibangun beberapa ruang komunal pada Kampung Ratmakan yang terletak ditengah perkampungan dan tersebar ditepi Sungai Code. Ruang-ruang komunal tersebut dibangun untuk mewadahi aktifitas perilaku masyarakat dengan membentuk setting ruang pada tiap ruang komunal. Sehingga perlu diketahui sejauh mana ruang-ruang komunal terdebut dengan setting yang ada mampu mewadahi aktifitas komunal masyarakat Kampung Ratmakan. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan pencarian data menggunakan teknik observasi langsung dan wawancara mendalam. Kemudian dari data-data tersebut dikaitkan dengan teori-teori mengenai konsep affordance dan karakter masyarakat kampung. Hasil yang dicapai menyatakan bahwa ruang komunal tepi sungai dan ruang komunal tengah kampung memiliki peranan berbeda untuk mewadahi perilaku sosial masyarakat. Ruang komunal tengah kampung cenderung berperan sebagai physical affordances melalui fasilitas-fasilitas yang ada. Sedangkan ruang komunal tepi sungai cenderung berperan sebagai sensory affordances melalui kenyamanan thermal yang terbentuk.ROLE OF COMMUNAL SPACES IN ACCOMMODATING SOCIAL COMMUNITY BEHAVIOR OF RATMAKAN KAMPUNG Kampung Ratmakan is an area that located in the middle part of Yogyakarta. Kampung Ratmakan has character as clean kampong and they have strong social relation between member of kampong. But the character of urban citizen has became threat for Ratmakan people. The threat has the shape of urban citizen character that inclined as individuality and become threat for kampong people character. So, they had built several communal spaces in the Kampung Ratmakan that located in the middle part of kampong and the side of Code River. The communal spaces are built to accommodate the behavior of the community by forming a space setting in each communal space. So that it is necessary to know the extent to which communal spaces have been contested with the existing settings capable of accommodating communal activities of the Kampung Ratmakan community. The method in this study is a qualitative method with data search using direct observation techniques and in-depth interviews. Then from these data are associated with theories about the concept of affordance and character of the village community. The results achieved stated that the riverside communal space and the middle communal space of the village had different roles to accommodate the social behavior of the community. Central village communal space tends to act as physical affordances through existing facilities. While riverfront communal spaces tend to act as sensory affordances through the thermal comfort that was formed.