bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of collinear acousto-optical diffraction of light fluxes
Authors: Pichugin V N , Lukishin A V , Pakhomova O A , Dubrovina O A , Yagin E V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A system of differential equations describing collinear light diffraction on a three-dimensional acoustic Zug of finite length with a sinc-shaped time envelope, where linear frequency modulation is used, is obtained. The obtained solutions of differential equations allow us to describe the longitudinal and transverse distribution of the amplitudes of transmitted and diffracted light under strong acoustic-optical interaction. The dependence of the acousto-optical cell bandwidth on the ratio of the Zug length to the crystal, and the filter transmission during light diffraction on acoustic zugs with a sinc-shaped time envelope is studied. The result of this study can be formulated as the development of analytical and software methods for analyzing diffraction pattern of electromagnetic waves in multi-wave mode of reception on infinitely extended object in free space, as well as a software method for calculating diffraction characteristics at frequencies exceeding the basic frequency, taking into account the inhomogeneity of electromagnetic fields in these conditions. The practical significance is the research results used in the development of a universal technique for design and development of radar systems capable of working adequately in conditions of electromagnetic environment in question. The results of this research will allow a more complete description of the electrodynamic picture of wave propagation and its diffraction, namely, taking into account the diffraction properties of radar systems will allow us to develop a direction for their wider production and distribution.
The method of increasing the reliability of noise immunity when receiving information in radio communication systems of the SHF and EHF ranges
Authors: Lipatnikov V A , Kuzin P I , Rabin A V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
A fairly large number of methods are known to increase the efficiency of changing the adaptation parameters when receiving information via radio channels, but they have a number of disadvantages. The most significant of them are high energy costs for the transmission of discrete information via radio communication channels and significant time intervals of downtime of radio communication channels, which reduces the noise immunity of transmitted discrete information. The article proposes a new method of noise immunity of radio equipment, taking into account these disadvantages.
Role of sea surface temperature patterns for the Southern Hemisphere jet stream response to CO2 forcing
Authors: Wood Tom , McKenna Christine M , Chrysanthou Andreas , Maycock Amanda C 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Southern Hemisphere (SH) eddy-driven jet stream has been shown to move poleward in climate models in response to greenhouse gas forcing, but the magnitude of the shift is uncertain. Here we address the fact that the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) models simulate, on average, a smaller jet shift in response to an abrupt quadrupling in CO2 than the predecessor models (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5)), despite producing larger global average surface warming. We focus on the response in the first decade when the majority of the long-term jet shift occurs and when the difference between CMIP5 and CMIP6 models emerges. We hypothesise the smaller poleward jet shift is related to the weaker increase in the meridional sea surface temperature (SST) gradient across the southern extratropics in CMIP6 models. We impose the multi-model mean SST patterns alongside a quadrupling in CO2 in an intermediate complexity general circulation model (IGCM4) and show that many of the regional and seasonal differences in lower tropospheric zonal winds between CMIP5 and CMIP6 models are reproduced by prescribing the SST patterns. The main exception is in austral summer when the imposed SST patterns and CO2 increase in IGCM4 produce weaker differences in zonal wind response compared to those simulated by CMIP5/6 models. Further IGCM4 experiments that prescribe only SH extratropical SSTs simulate a weaker jet shift for CMIP6 SSTs than for CMIP5, comparable to the full experiment. The results demonstrate that SH SST patterns are an important source of uncertainty for the shift of the midlatitude circulation in response to CO2 forcing. The study also provides an alternative explanation than was proposed by Curtis et al (2020 Environ. Res. Lett.
15 64011), who suggested model improvements in jet biases could account for the smaller jet shift in CMIP6 models in the extended austral winter season.
Micro-storage State and Mechanism of Shale Gas
Authors: Zhao Tianyi , Peng Zeyang , Chen Gang , Tian Lingyu , Qiao Hui , Li Qianwen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Shale gas has attracted increasing attention as a new potential source of natural gas in recent years. Accurate micro-storage and mechanism of shale gas is important for defining and describing the adsorption characteristics, gas-in-place estimates. Organic-rich shale gas reservoirs were usually deposited under water environment which has great impact on shale gas adsorption. Different from the widely used solid-gas interface adsorption theory, the pore system in original shale reservoir is divided into solid-gas system and solid-liquid-gas system. In same statement, shale pores have stronger interaction with water molecules than CH4 molecules, especially in solid-gas system. Water molecules mainly formed as competitive adsorption with shale gas on solid surface (solid-gas system) and liquid water surface (solid-liquid-gas system). Maxim gravitational potential energy, Ψ
max, the distance where Ψ
max occurs, z
m and limited pore side, D
L are given. When pore size D < D
L, no matter in what position the adsorbed molecules is, it force by both sides of the pore silts. When D > D
L, the ratio of unaffected area increases to approximately 100% with pore side. When D < 10 nm, the ratio increases rapidly this means that the ratio of free gas increases quickly. When D > 50 nm, the ratio of unaffected area almost reaches 100%, which means that the content of free gas is far greater than the adsorbed gas. This study not only provides a new classification of shale pore system, but also can act as a reference to better understanding the adsorption mechanism of shale reservoir.
Research on Key Technologies of Data Collection for Energy Storage Power Station Based on “Multi-Station Fusion”
Authors: Wang Peng , Yang Jinsong , Chen Jing , Guo Ruixiang , Yang Desheng , Guo Zheng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In view of the current situation of energy storage power station management and data collection, this topic takes the data collection of energy storage power station as the main research object. By analyzing the problems of localized management and inconsistent data collection standards of energy storage power station, an efficient and accurate data collection and lean management mode is explored. It lays a foundation for promoting the construction of “Multi-Station fusion” and provides technical support for the management decision-making of “Multi-Station fusion”.
Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Variations in Actual Evapotranspiration in the Headwaters of the Yellow River Based on Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Dang Suzhen , Guo Xinwei , Zhang Wenge , Yin Huijuan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The evapotranspiration product of Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model from 1980 to 2017 was used in this study to analyze the spatial and temporal variations of ET in the headwaters of the Yellow River. The results showed that the mean annual ET in the study area was 416.8mm for the period of 1980-2017, increasing gradually from west to east. The ET presented a unimodal distribution, with lower values in January, February, November, and December, and increased significantly from May to September, with the largest ET in July and August. From 1980 to 2017, the annual ET showed a non-significant increasing trend, and the change point for ET is around 2004.
The Applied Research on Bidirectional energy-dissipating damper in High-rise Building Structure
Authors: Wang Ling 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The bidirectional energy-dissipating damper is applied to the actual engineering structure of a high-rise building. The SAP2000 software was used to establish a three-dimensional model of a high-rise structure, and through the nonlinear dynamic analysis of the structure under the action of an 8 degree earthquake, the effect of the bidirectional energy-dissipating damper on the actual high-rise building structure was studied[1].
Study on Migration and Transformation of Cd in BHMTPMPA Remediation Soil
Authors: Jiang Changjia , Song Jianhui , Cui Shuang , Feng Qi , Li Ping , Shang Liyan , Zhang Qikai 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Organic phosphonic acid has good chelation ability, easy biodegradation, and belongs to environmental friendly reagent. It can be used as eluent to remediate soil contaminated by heavy metal Cd. This paper studied the migration and transformation process of Cd in organic phosphonic acid BHMTPMPA remediation soil. The results showed that the concentration of exchangeable Cd in 1-7 layer of soil column was significantly higher than that in control, and the concentration of exchangeable Cd in 8-10 layer was not significantly different. The activation effect of BHMTPMPA on Cd in soil column is mainly concentrated in the depth of 0-70 cm soil layer. The exchangeable states in layer 2 Cd the highest concentration, and the exchangeable states in other soil layers Cd no obvious migration occurs, which indicated that the migration mainly occurred in the depth of 0-20 cm soil layer, and the Cd of other forms in the soil column did not occur obvious migration phenomenon.
The effect of manganese(II) on recharge clogging of groundwater heat pump
Authors: Kang Han , Gao Rongyao , Zang Chunyue , Li Dan , Wang Mouwei 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In order to obtain the mechanism of recharge clogging in the case of manganese ion(Mn2+), the effects of Mn2+ on recharge clogging and microbial community were studied in laboratory sand column. Comparative experiments with four concentrations of Mn2+ were performed. The process of recharge was simulated twice a day, and the daily water flux was detected. The microbial quantity was detected after sand column clogging at 20d, and the microbial structure was analyzed at the end of experiment. The results showed that Mn2+ had little effect on recharge clogging and promoted the growth of microorganisms. The dominant microorganisms in sand column were Flavobacterium sp., Pseudomonas sp., Janthinobacterium sp., and unclassified Comamonadaceae. Manganese ions improved the competitiveness of Flavobacterium sp., but Pseudomonas sp., unclassified Comamonadaceae, Janthinobacterium sp. were inhibited under high manganese concentration.
Effect of Oil Groove Depth on Friction Performance of Copper based Friction Materials with Different Graphite Content
Authors: Du Jianhua , Zhang Nan , Hu Zheng , Ning Keyan , Zhang Wanhao , Han Junjiao , Ji Zhen 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Copper-based friction materials with different oil groove depth and graphite content were prepared by powder metallurgy process. The effect of oil groove depth on the friction performance of copper based friction materials with different graphite content at different linear velocities was studied. The results show that the dynamic friction coefficient of material decreases with the increase of oil groove depth at low linear velocity of 16.5m/s, and increases with the increase of oil groove depth when linear velocity is ≥ 20m / s. With the increase of oil groove depth and graphite content, the heat resistance of the friction material increases and the wear rate decreases.
An Integrated Process of Reductive Desulfurization by Sodium Borohydride and Its Electroreduction Regeneration in Ionic Liquid
Authors: Shu Chenhua , Liu Xunzheng , Zhu Weihua , Wang Mengjiao , Cai Shuiping , Xie Wenjing , Li Wenting 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this study, a novel desulfurization method was developed by introducing ionic liquid (IL) into the integrated process of reductive desulfurization by NaBH4 and its regeneration via NaBO2 electroreduction, where ILs play a dual role of electrolyte and extracting agent. Under the conditions of -2.4 V forward pulse voltage, 0.6 V reverse pulse voltage, 0.6 s forward pulse time, 0.4 s reverse pulse time, 0.8 s turn-off time, 80 min electrolytic time, 4/1 IL/oil volume ratio, sulfur removal reached more than 95% for model fuel oil. Therefore, the novel integrated process of reductive desulfurization by NaBH4 and its electroreduction regeneration in IL is feasible and promising.
Effects of Storage Temperature on the Performance of Sulfonated Scetone-formaldehyde Superplasticizers
Authors: Liu Zunyu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Taking temperature as the research object, the effects of different storage temperatures on the performance of sulfonated acetone-formaldehyde superplasticizers (SAF) were studied. The molecular weight of the SAF were characterized by GPC, and disperse performance were evaluated by cement paste fluidity test. The results showed that when the temperature was higher than 40°C, the relative molecular weight of the SAF increased during storage process, and its disperse performance became worse. The influence of storage temperature on the disperse performance of the SAF can be weakened by adding the chain terminator.
A new agent for the treatment of lung cancer: B13 loaded solid lipid nanoparticles
Authors: Çömlekçi Emre , Kutlu Hatice Mehtap , Vejselova Sezer Canan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in humans. Recently, the effects of nano-carriers as chemotherapeutic agents on the treatment of lung cancer are in the main focus of cancer research. The use of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) promises high hopes in treatment with the advantages of providing drug localisation in terms of action by both passive and active targeting based on their unique properties, including hydrophilic or hydrophobic loads. SLNs open new limits for long-term and side-specific drug delivery. In this study, a novel SLN of the ceramidase inhibitor, B13 (D-NMAPPD), with modified targeting property was designed, synthesised, and evaluated as potential anticancer agent on human lung cancer cells. Our results implied the efficiency of newly synthesised SLNs on lung cancer in the manner of anti-cancer activity with high cytotoxicity on cancer cells.
Reinvestigation on polarization and strain response of electrically poled lead titanate zirconate ceramics under low-to-medium electric field loading
Authors: Dong Wanjing , Hui Tong , Zhengyi Liu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The polarization and strain response of electrically poled lead zirconate titanate ceramics was reinvestigated under low-to-medium electric field loading. A phenomenon that is usually ignored was pointed out and discussed. That is, under low-to-medium cyclic electric field loading, remnant strains measured under a negative electric field loading are larger than those measured under a positive electric field loading. Here, ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ mean that the applied electric field is aligned or antiparallel to the pre-poling direction of the material, respectively. Moreover, a reverse trend was observed for remnant polarizations. Texture-dependent domain switching, defect dipole reorientation, and interactions between them were used to rationalize this phenomenon. In addition, the equation

S

=

d

init

+
α

E

0

⁎
E
±

α
2

E

0

2

−

E

2

,

which is used to describe the strain response, was modified by taking the asymmetry of the electric field versus strain curve into consideration. The modified equation can better describe the strain response than the original equation.
What religion does
Authors: Tweed Thomas A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
“What religion does,” continues the discussion of definitions by listing criteria for deciding which one might be most useful, and then it notes that adequate accounts describe not only what religion is but also what it does. At this point a definition is offered that aims to show how religion functions. Religion provides a sense of identity and orientation, and it is a force for social cohesion. It is sticky. It creates bonds within the group, cohesion, and bonds outside the group, adhesion. A socially effective religion will cohere, but not so much as to prevent members from making bonds with those of other faiths. Religion also provides personal meaning and wields social power. As an example of how it exerts power, the chapter examines the way that religion both supported and challenged racial injustice in South Africa.
How religion is expressed
Authors: Tweed Thomas A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
“How religion is expressed,” aims to understand how religion functions by looking at how religion is mediated and expressed. Contrary to some writers who have been called mystics, the author suggests there is no unmediated religious experience. Religion is mediated by institutions and technologies, and also by the body and the senses. The brain shapes thinking and feeling. It orients adherents in time and space and shapes how sensory input is classified and how emotions are expressed. The embodied experience of religion is expressed through sound, smell, taste, touch, and sight. Religion is also expressed in diverse cultural forms. There are eight modes of religious expression: experiencing, imagining, making, narrating, conceptualizing, enacting, performing, and gathering.
Global religion today
Authors: Tweed Thomas A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
“Global religion today” begins with a snapshot of religion today, when more than eight-in-ten people identify with a religious group. Religion has played an important role in public life since 1945. In the postwar period it was difficult to say whether religion—and the nationalist impulses and industrial economies it sanctioned—was bringing things together or pulling them apart. That question was even harder to answer after the 1970s, when politically assertive religion staged a comeback, global flows intensified, and environmental damage accelerated. At this moment, we face unresolved crises inherited from the colonial and industrial eras—and are bequeathing new problems to those who follow us. However, there are some reasons for hope. Adherents around the world are mobilizing religion’s resources to meet the challenges in this era when we are brought together by fiber optic cables, global consumer culture, and interfaith peace efforts, but also pulled apart by rising nationalisms, climate changes, and holy wars.
The U.S. Civil War: A Very Short Introduction
Authors: Masur Louis P. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The US Civil War: A Very Short Introduction covers a period in American history characterized by decades of intensifying conflict over slavery and government authority, culminating in Abraham Lincoln’s election and eleven states seceding from the Union. The Civil War began as a limited conflict with the aim of restoring the Union. It became a diffuse, violent war that lasted four years, claimed hundreds of thousands of lives, and ultimately led to the abolition of slavery and a vigorous debate over the terms by which the seceded states would be restored to the nation. This VSI ends with a chapter on the aftermath of the war and the remaking of America.
Giant Magnetoresistive Nanosensor Analysis of Circulating Tumor DNA Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations for Diagnosis and Therapy Response Monitoring
Authors: Nesvet Jared C , Antilla Katie A , Pancirer Danielle S , Lozano Alexander X , Preiss Jordan S , Ma Weijie , Fu Aihua , Park Seung-Min , Gambhir Sanjiv S , Fan Alice C , Neal Joel W , Padda Sukhmani K , Das Millie , Li Tianhong , Wakelee Heather A , Wang Shan X 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Liquid biopsy circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) mutational analysis holds great promises for precision medicine targeted therapy and more effective cancer management. However, its wide adoption is hampered by high cost and long turnaround time of sequencing assays, or by inadequate analytical sensitivity of existing portable nucleic acid tests to mutant allelic fraction in ctDNA.

Methods
We developed a ctDNA Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutational assay using giant magnetoresistive (GMR) nanosensors. This assay was validated in 36 plasma samples of non-small cell lung cancer patients with known EGFR mutations. We assessed therapy response through follow-up blood draws, determined concordance between the GMR assay and radiographic response, and ascertained progression-free survival of patients.

Results
The GMR assay achieved analytical sensitivities of 0.01% mutant allelic fraction. In clinical samples, the assay had 87.5% sensitivity (95% CI = 64.0—97.8%) for Exon19 deletion and 90% sensitivity (95% CI = 69.9—98.2%) for L858R mutation with 100% specificity; our assay detected T790M resistance with 96.3% specificity (95% CI = 81.7–99.8%) with 100% sensitivity. After 2 weeks of therapy, 10 patients showed disappearance of ctDNA by GMR (predicted responders), whereas 3 patients did not (predicted nonresponders). These predictions were 100% concordant with radiographic response. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed responders had significantly (P &lt; 0.0001) longer PFS compared to nonresponders (N/A vs. 12 weeks, respectively).

Conclusions
The GMR assay has high diagnostic sensitivity and specificity and is well suited for detecting EGFR mutations at diagnosis and noninvasively monitoring treatment response at the point-of-care.
Area Convergence of Monoculus Robots With Additional Capabilities
Authors: Pattanayak Debasish , Mondal Kaushik , Mandal Partha Sarathi , Schmid Stefan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper considers the area convergence problem, which requires a group of robots to gather in a small area not defined a priori. While it is known that robots can gather at a point if they can precisely measure distances, we, in this paper, show that without any agreement on the coordinate system, it is impossible for robots to converge to an area if they cannot measure distances or angles. We denote these robots without the ability to measure distances or angles as monoculus robots. We present a counterexample showing that monoculus robots fail in area convergence even with the capability of measuring angles. However, monoculus robots with a weak notion of distance or minimal agreement on the coordinate system are sufficient to achieve area convergence. In particular, we present area convergence algorithms in asynchronous model for such monoculus robots with one of the two following simple additional capabilities: (1) locality detection ($\mathcal{L}\mathcal{D}$), a notion of distance or (2) orthogonal line agreement ($\mathcal{O}\mathcal{L}\mathcal{A}$), a notion of direction. We discuss extensions corresponding to multiple dimensions and the termination. Additionally, we validate our findings using simulation and show the robustness of our algorithms in the presence of errors in observation or movement.