bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Usual-Care Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents with Depressive Disorders Rated by Parents and Patients
Authors: Walter Daniel , Buschsieweke Jana , Dachs Lydia , Goletz Hildegard , Goertz-Dorten Anja , Kinnen Claudia , Perri Daniela , Rademacher Christiane , Schuermann Stephanie , Viefhaus Paula , Woitecki Katrin , Metternich-Kaizman Tanja Wolff , Wirth Elena von , Doepfner Manfred 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDepressive disorders are common in adolescence and are associated with a wide range of negative long-term outcomes. Highly controlled randomized controlled trials (RCT) provide considerable evidence for the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) as a treatment for depression, but the effectiveness of CBT under routine care conditions remains unproven.MethodsIn the present observational study, the changes achieved through routine CBT in adolescents with depressive disorders treated in a university outpatient clinic were analyzed, and compared to a historical control group of adolescents with depressive disorders who had received treatment as usual. At the start and end of treatment (pre- and post-assessment), parent and self-ratings of the German versions of the Youth Self-Report (YSR), the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and rating scales for depressive symptoms (FBB-DES, SBB-DES) were assessed. A total of 331 adolescents aged 11–18 years with complete data were assessed for the main analysis.ResultsThe analysis yielded small to large pre-post effect sizes (Cohen’s d) for the total sample (d = 0.33 to d = 0.82) and large effect sizes for adolescents who were rated in the clinical range on each (sub)scale at the start of treatment (d = 0.85 to d = 1.30). When comparing patients in the clinical range with historical controls, medium to large net effect sizes (d = 0.53 to d = 2.09) emerged for the total scores in self- and parent rating. However, a substantial proportion of the sample remained in the clinical range at the end of treatment.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that CBT is effective for adolescents with depressive disorders when administered under routine care conditions, but the results must be interpreted with caution due to the lack of a direct control condition.Trial registrationDRKS, DRKS00021518. Registered 27 April 2020 - Retrospectively registered, http://drks.de
Non-Timber Forest Products and Climate Change Adaptation / Forest Dependent Communities in Bamboko Forest Reserve, South West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Nghogekeh Tieminie Robinson , Loh Chia Eugene , Chupezi Tieguhong Julius , Mayiadieh Nghobuoche Frankline , Mandiefe Piabuo Serge , Tieguhong Mamboh Rolland 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Forests are tremendously endowed to combat climate change by protecting people and livelihoods, and creating a base for more sustainable economic and social development. But this natural mechanism is often hampered by anthropogenic activities. It is therefore imperative to take measures that are environmentally sustainable not only for mitigation but also for its adaptation. This study was carried out to assess the role of Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) was conducted among forest-dependent communities around the Bamkoko Forest Reserve in the South West Region of Cameroon as a strategy to cope with the impacts of climate change. Data were collected through household questionnaires, participatory rural appraisal techniques, transect walks, and direct field observations.Results: A total of 18 plant species were identified to be harvested by residents around Bamkoko Forest Reserve as Non-Timber Forest Products. The majority of the respondents (88%) perceived that there has been a change in climate patterns due to increased temperatures and unpredictable rainfalls. Eru was found to be the most affected livelihood activity (55%) by climate change around Bamboko Forest Reserve. Communities living around Bamboko Forest Reserve were found to use more than one strategy to cope with the adverse effects of climate change. Conclusions: The study concluded that non-timber forest products still play a safety net role to assist communities in an adverse situation such as crop failure under the current change in the climate. The need to emphasize sustainable harvesting, improve processing, and access to non-timber forest products markets is crucial.
Successful Live Birth in a Chinese Woman with P450 Oxidoreductase Deficiency through Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer
Authors: Pan Ping , Zheng Lingyan , Chen Xiaoli , Huang Jia , Yang Dongzi , Li Yu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) caused by P450 oxidoreductase deficiency (PORD) in 46,XX patients is characterized by genital ambiguity, primary amenorrhea, absent or incomplete sexual maturation, infertility, skeletal malformations and so on. But few pregnancies have been reported from these female patients with PORD. Case Description: A 29-year-old Chinese woman with PORD due to the compound heterozygous mutation (c.1370G>A/c.1196_1204del) in the P450 oxidoreductase(POR) gene had suffered from primary amenorrhea and infertility. She had one cancelled cycle of ovulation induction due to low serum estradiol(E2), high progesterone(P) levels and thin endometrium，then in vitro fertilization (IVF) was recommended. At the first IVF cycle, 4 oocytes were retrieved and 4 viable embryos were cryopreserved due to thin endometrium associated with low E2 and prematurely elevated P after ovarian stimulation, even though oral dexamethasone were used to control adrenal P overproduction at the same time. When basal P fell to <1.5ng/ml, artificial endometrial preparation and frozen embryo transfer were performed, resulting in a twin pregnancy. She delivered a healthy boy and a healthy girl by caesarean section at 37 weeks and 2 days of gestation. Conclusions: We report the pregnancy achieved in a CAH woman caused by a compound heterozygous POR mutation, with primary amenorrhea and disorders of steroidogenesis. It seemed that disorders of steroidogenesis caused by PORD didn’t impair the developmental potential of oocytes. IVF and frozen embryo transfer after adequate hormonal control and endometrial preparation should be an effective infertility treatment for PORD women.
White Oak (Quercus Fabri Hance) Regenerated Stump Sprouts Show Few Symptom of Senescence During 40 Years’growth in the Natural Forest
Authors: Sun Honggang , Wu Sisheng , Wu Liwen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The linkage between parent tree’s physiological age and clonal offspring’s lifespan is unclear. White Oak (Quercus fabri Hance) have high sprouting ability after harvest, the regenerated sprouts are typical clonal individuals. Methods: To confirm whether regenerated sprouts will senesce faster, we evaluated the senescence level regenerated stump sprouts with the age of 5-, 10-, 20- and 40- years in the natural forest, compared antioxidative abilities and transcriptomes in leaves and shoots. Results: We found elder regenerated sprouts still had robust antioxidative system, peroxidation products were lower in elder sprouts, antioxidative enzymes activities were similar in 5- and 40-years sprouts. Elder leaves even had higher transcriptional activities in pathways related to cell growth and division. However, elder sprouts also had a few signals of unhealthy: base excision repair, proteasome, proteasome, and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways upregulated in 40 years leaves, that meant DNA damage and tissue remodeling was more frequent in leaves; plant-pathogen interaction and MAPK signals pathways upregulated in elder shoots, that meant shoots suffered more biotic stress form pathogen. Conclusions: The results indicate 40 years sprouts still had the same vitality with 5 years sprouts, although some unhealthy signals occurred in 40 years sprouts. We conclude that regenerated stump sprouts do not begin to senesce in 40 years, parent tree’s physiological age do not significant shorten the lifespan of clonal offspring.
Psychophysiological responses to group cognitive-behavioral therapy in depressive patients
Authors: Varela Yves Martins , De Almeida Raíssa Nóbrega , Galvão Ana Cecília de Menezes , Junior Geovan Menezes Sousa , de Lima Ana Cecília Lopes , Silva Neuciane Gomes da , Leocádio-Miguel Mário André , Lobão-Soares Bruno , Hallak Jaime Eduardo Cecílio , Maia-de-Oliveira João Paulo , Galvão-Coelho Nicole Leite 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has a significant adjunctive effect in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), however its uses as monotherapy is less explored, mainly the group-based approaches.MethodsWe assessed the responses of distinct psychophysiological domains after a intervention using group-based CBT (gCBT, 16 weeks) in drug-free patients with mild-moderate MDD (n = 20; women = 11) and to compare with a healthy control group (n = 25, women = 13).ResultsTreatment resulted in 65% of response and 55% of remission rates. Reductions in depressive and anxiety symptoms and increase in self-esteem and sleep quality were observed as responses of gCBT. After treatment patients regulated their previous deregulated salivary cortisol awakening response (CAR) and sleep quality to healthy parameters. These improvements were correlated among themselves and dependent of remission condition. Remitted patients showed large progresses than non-remitted patients, who significantly changed only serum cortisol and self-perceived depressive symptoms. Further, better baseline sleep quality was predictor of remission.ConclusionThese psychophysiological changes in response of gCBT support its use as tool with low cost and no side effects for treatment of mild-moderate major depression, as well as suggests a stronger exploration of these psychological domains in psychotherapies and stimulates furthers studies of neurobiology of MDD and alternatives treatments.Trial registrationU1111-1215-4472. Registered 21 August 2018, http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3npbf8/
Nextgen Vector Surveillance Tools: Sensitive, Specific, Cost-effective and Epidemiologically Relevant
Authors: Farlow Robert , Russell Tanya , Burkot Tom 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Vector surveillance provides critical data for decision-making to ensure that malaria control programs remain effective and responsive to any threats to effectiveness. The quality and quantity of is dependent on the sampling tools and laboratory techniques used which may lack the sensitivity required to collect relevant data for decision-making. Here, 40 vector control experts were interviewed to assess the benefits and limitations of the current vector surveillance tools and techniques. In addition, experts shared ideas on “blue sky” indicators which encompassed ideas for novel methods to monitor presently used indicators, to measure novel vector behaviours not presently measured, algorithms for deploying surveillance tools and priorities for understanding vector behaviours critical for collecting and interpreting vector data. Results. The available tools for sampling and analysing vectors are often hampered by high labour and resource requirements (human and supplies) coupled with high outlay and operating costs and variable tool performance across species and geographic regions vector. The next generation of surveillance tools needs to address the limitations of our present tools by being more sensitive, specific and less costly to deploy to enable the collection and use of epidemiologically relevant vector data to facilitate more proactive vector control guidance. Ideas and attributes for Target Product Profiles (TPPs) generated from this analysis provide targets for research and funding to develop next generation tools.Conclusions. More efficient surveillance tools and a more complete understanding of vector behaviours and populations will provide a basis for more cost effective and successful malaria control by better enabling intervention to be selected that align with vulnerabilities in vector behaviours and thus enable more effective control. Through defining the strengths and weaknesses of the current vector surveillance methods, a foundation and initial framework was provided to define the TPPS for the next generation of vector surveillance methods. The TTPs presented here aim to ensure that the next generation tools and technologies are not encumbered by the limitations of our present surveillance methods, and can be readily deployed in low resource settings.
Continuous extracorporeal treatments in a dialysis patient with COVID-19
Authors: Nihei Yoshihito , Nagasawa Hajime , Fukao Yusuke , Kihara Masao , Ueda Seiji , Gohda Tomohito , Suzuki Yusuke 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is now a major global health threat. More than half a year have passed since the first discovery of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2), no effective treatment has been established especially in intensive care unit. Inflammatory cytokine storm caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection has been reported to play a central role in COVID-19; therefore, treatments for suppressing cytokines, including extracorporeal treatments, are considered to be beneficial. However, until today the efficacy of removing cytokines by extracorporeal treatments in patients with COVID-19 is unclear. We herein report our experience with a 66-year-old male patient undergoing maintenance peritoneal dialysis who became critically ill with COVID-19 and underwent several extracorporeal treatment approaches including plasma exchange, direct hemoperfusion using a polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column and continuous hemodiafiltration. Though the patient developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) repeatedly and subacute cerebral infarction and finally died for respiratory failure on day 30 after admission, these attempts appeared to somewhat dampen the cytokine storm based on the observed decline in serum IL-6 levels and were effective against ARDS and secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. This case suggests the significance of timely initiation of extracorporeal treatment approaches in critical ill patients with COVID-19.
Forest carbon prospecting for climate mitigation
Authors: Koh Lian Pin , Zeng Yiwen , Sarira Tasya Vadya , Siman Kelly 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Carbon finance projects that protect tropical forests could support both nature conservation and climate mitigation goals. Global demand for nature-based carbon credits is outpacing their supply, due partly to gaps in knowledge needed to inform and prioritize investment decisions. Here, we show that at current carbon market prices the protection of tropical forests can generate investible carbon amounting to 2.4 (±1.1) GtCO2e yr-1 globally. We further show that financially viable carbon projects could generate return-on-investment amounting to $77.5b y-1 in net present value (Asia-Pacific: $38.4b y-1; Americas: $33.4b y-1; Africa: $5.7b y-1). However, we also find that ~75% (1.24 billion ha) of forest carbon sites would be financially unviable for failing to break even over the project lifetime. From a conservation perspective, unless carbon prices increase in the future, it is imperative to implement other conservation interventions, in addition to carbon finance, to safeguard carbon stocks and biodiversity in vulnerable forests.
Factors Affecting Women Entrepreneurs’ Success; A study of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Emerging Market of Pakistan
Authors: KHAN RIZWAN Ullah , Salamzadeh Yashar , Shah Syed Zulfiqar Ali , Hussain Mazhar 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the present era, women are recognized as successful entrepreneurs through their strong desire, qualities and capabilities for robust economic development. Due to such an important contribution of women in economic development, we propose to investigate the factors, which affect women entrepreneur’s success in Pakistan. Data collected through structured questionnaires from 181 registered SMEs operating in Pakistan. A conceptual model is developed, while SPSS and AMOS software’s are used for analysis. The results indicate that the internal factors; including the need for achievements, risk-taking and self-confidence and external factors including economic factors and socio-cultural factors have a positive and significant influence on the success of women-owned enterprises. This research recommends Small and Medium Enterprises Development Authority (SMEDA), policymakers and practitioners to encourage women entrepreneurs to run their businesses for the long term by providing a variety of incentives and supports related to those internal and external factors. Numerous studies have been conducted to test the different factors’ effects on women's entrepreneurial success but our study investigated some psychological, cultural and religious factors that are still almost untouched especially in Pakistan. The current study also contributes to the existing literature through empirical shreds of evidence.
Bottom Up Innovation for Health Management Capacity Development: a Qualitative Case Study in a South African Health District
Authors: Orgill Marsha , Marchal Bruno , Shung-King Maylene , Sikuza Lwazikazi , Gilson Lucy 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background As part of health system strengthening in South Africa (2012- 2017) a new district health manager, taking a bottom-up approach to developing managerial capacity, developed a suite of innovations to improve the processes and practices of managers and NGO partners in monthly district management team meetings. Using a systems perspective on capacity development, the research explored the initial sensemaking by the district manager, how these homegrown innovations interacted with existing social processes and norms, the mechanisms for change that were triggered and the emergent capacity outputs. Methods We conducted a realist evaluation complemented by a case study approach over a two-year period (2013-2015) in the district. The initial programme theory development included ten senior manager interviews and literature review. To understand processes and mechanisms triggered in local context and identify emergent capacity outputs we conducted fifteen interviews with managers in the management team and with seven non-state actors, supplemented by researcher notes and time spent in the district. Thematic analysis was conducted using the Context-Mechanism-Outcome -Actor configuration alongside theoretical constructs. Results The new district manager drew on complex frames, tacit and experiential knowledge to design bottom up innovations, and collective capacity development was triggered through micro-practices of sensemaking and sense-giving. Sensegiving included using sticks (positional authority, enforcement of policies, over-coding), intentionally providing justification for change and setting the scene (a new agenda, distributed leadership). These micro practices, managers engaging with the new practices and social sense-making, influenced the motivation of managers and partners to further participate in new meeting practices, and triggered a generative process of buy-in and emergent capacity in a routine meeting structure. Conclusion District managers are well placed to design local level capacity development innovations and must draw on multiple knowledge forms to enable relevant ‘bottom-up’ capacity development in complex health systems. Managers must draw on their intangible soft skills and the tangible policy resources (hardware) of the system to influence motivation and buy-in for improved management practices. From a systems perspective, we argue that capacity development can be conceived of as part of the daily activity of managing in routine spaces, to unleash capacity.
Delayed Incomplete Paraplegia After En Bloc Spondylectomy of Thoracic Metastasis, A Case Report
Authors: Du Chuanchao , Liu Shanshan , Jia Fei , Liu Xiaoguang , Wei Feng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Delayed paraplegia after total en bloc spondylectomy (TES) is exceptionally rare, and from the best of our knowledge, no such cases were reported yet. Case presentation: We herein report a case of delayed paraplegia which happened after TES of a solitary thoracic metastasis from renal clear cell carcinoma. After thorough evaluation, the patient received TES to expect a long-term local control. In operation, the patient suffered a short period of low blood pressure (mean synthetic pressure ＜90mmHg) which happened during vertebral prosthesis implantation. After operation, the neurological status was just as preoperative level, however, the patient suffered incomplete paraplegia 10 hours later. His symptoms and clinical examinations were consistent with infarct of anterior spinal artery and ischemia syndrome of spinal cord. The patient was given hyperbaric oxygen therapy and rehabilitation exercises after the tragedy, and he got recovery 2 months later, and showed much better than preoperative status 12 months later. Possible reasons for the delayed paraplegia were discussed, and we carefully concluded that intraoperative hypotension and manipulation both contributed to the happening of anterior spinal artery infarction. Conclusions: Based on this case and literature review, keeping blood pressure above daily level and other precautionary measures for spinal cord ischemia were recommended.
Deep spatial profiling of COVID19 brains reveals neuroinflammation by compartmentalized local immune cell interactions and targets for intervention
Authors: Bengsch Bertram , Schwabenland Marius , Salié Henrike , Tanevski Jovan , Killmer Saskia , Matschke Jakob , Püschel Klaus , Mei Henrik , Boettler Tobias , Neumann-Haefelin Christoph , Hofmann Maike , Saez-Rodriguez Julio , Knobeloch Klaus-Peter , Blank Thomas , Thimme Robert , Glatzel Markus , Prinz Marco 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
COVID-19 causes neurological symptoms that can be potentially life-threatening in up to 67 % of the patients. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of COVID-19 associated encephalopathy, the involved immune cells, their spatial distribution and their cellular interactions during disease remain largely unclear. In this study, we performed a 38-biomarker imaging mass cytometry analysis of the brain stem from 25 patients and additional controls to understand the local immune response during SARS-CoV-2 infection at a spatially resolved, high-dimensional single-cell level. Importantly, utilizing an unbiased image segmentation and cell classification pipeline, we observed a significant immune activation in the central nervous system (CNS) and identified novel context-specific CD8 T cell and microglial clusters. Spatially resolved single-cell analysis identified distinct phenotypes of T cells and microglial clusters, their presence in specific anatomical regions and their cellular interactions. Our analysis further highlights microglial nodules and perivascular immune cell clusters as key sites of the local immune response. It also demonstrates that disease-associated neuroinflammation is associated with severe axonal damage as a structural basis for the neurologic deficits. Finally, we identified compartment- and cluster-specific immune checkpoints that can be used for future therapeutic interventions.