bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascular NRP2 triggers PNET angiogenesis by activating the SSH1-cofilin axis
Authors: luo xi , He Jiang-yi , Xu Jie , Hu Shao-yi , Mo Bang-hui , Shu Qiu-xia , Chen Can , Gong Yu-zhu , Zhao Xiao-long , Xie Gan-feng , Yu Song-tao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Angiogenesis is a critical step in the growth of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) and may be a selective target for PNET therapy. However, PNETs are robustly resistant to current anti-angiogenic therapies that primarily target the VEGFR pathway. Thus, the mechanism of PNET angiogenesis urgently needs to be clarified.Methods: Dataset analysis was used to identify angiogenesis-related genes in PNETs. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the relationship among Neuropilin 2 (NRP2), VEGFR2 and CD31. Cell proliferation, wound-healing and tube formation assays were performed to clarify the function of NRP2 in angiogenesis. The mechanism involved in NRP2-induced angiogenesis was detected by constructing plasmids with mutant variants and performing Western blot, and immunofluorescence assays. A mouse model was used to evaluate the effect of the NRP2 antibody in vivo, and clinical data were collected from patient records to verify the association between NRP2 and patient prognosis.Results: NRP2, a VEGFR2 co-receptor, was positively correlated with vascularity but not with VEGFR2 in PNET tissues. NRP2 promoted the migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in the presence of conditioned medium PNET cells via a VEGF/VEGFR2-independent pathway. Moreover, NRP2 induced F-actin polymerization by activating the actin-binding protein cofilin. Cofilin phosphatase slingshot-1 (SSH1) was highly expressed in NRP2-activating cofilin, and silencing SSH1 ameliorated NRP2-activated HUVEC migration and F-actin polymerization. Furthermore, blocking NRP2 in vivo suppressed PNET angiogenesis and tumor growth. Finally, elevated NRP2 expression was associated with poor prognosis in PNET patients.Conclusion: Vascular NRP2 promotes PNET angiogenesis by activating the SSH1/cofilin/actin axis. Our findings demonstrate that NRP2 is an important regulator of angiogenesis and a potential therapeutic target of anti-angiogenesis therapy for PNET.
A novel method for 3D face symmetry reference plane based on weighted Procrustes analysis algorithm
Authors: Zhu Yujia , Zheng Shengwen , Yang Guosheng , Fu Xiangling , Zhao Yijiao , Wang Yong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: We aimed to establish a novel method, using the weighted Procrustes analysis (WPA) algorithm, which assigns weight to facial anatomical landmarks, to construct a three-dimensional facial symmetry reference plane (SRP) for mandibular deviation patients.Methods: Three-dimensional facial SRPs were independently extracted from 15 mandibular deviation patients using both our WPA algorithm and the standard PA algorithm. A reference plane was defined to serve as the ground truth. To determine whether the WPA SRP or the PA SRP was closer to the ground truth, we measured the position error of mirrored landmarks, the facial asymmetry index (FAI) error, and the angle error for the global face and each facial third partition.Results: The average angle error between the WPA SRP and the ground truth was 1.66 ± 0.81°, which was smaller than that between the PA SRP and the ground truth. The position error of the mirrored landmarks constructed using the WPA algorithm in the global face (3.64 ± 1.53 mm) and each facial partition was lower than that constructed using the PA algorithm. The average FAI error of the WPA SRP was -7.77 ± 17.02 mm, which was smaller than that of the PA SRP.Conclusions: This novel automatic algorithm, based on weighted anatomic landmarks, can provide a more adaptable SRP than the standard PA algorithm when applied to severe mandibular deviation patients and can better simulate the diagnosis strategies of clinical experts.
Strengthening Retina Eye Care Services in Nepal: Retina Eye Care of Nepal project
Authors: Shrestha Arjun , Shrestha Chunu , Karki Pratap , Gurung Hara Maya , Naito Takeshi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Recently causes of blindness are changing in Nepal. The number of people blind due to retinal diseases is increasing. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), hypertensive retinopathy, and retinal vein occlusion are the major retinal problems in Nepal. As the prevalence of vitreoretinal disorders is increasing with age, it indicates that retinal disorders will be a major public health issue with longevity in future[1].A rapid assessment of blindness conducted in 2010 had reported posterior segment problems as the second common cause of blindness, after cataract in Nepal[2]. Retinal diseases are very difficult to treat. Results from low-income countries show that many patients present only when they lose vision in both eyes. Delay in presentation was acknowledged as a significant problem and is often due to inadequate primary eye care and to misdiagnosis. Thus, it was highlighted that all ophthalmologists should be trained to recognize and manage retina problems. As blindness from DR is preventable, if caught and treated early, DR provides an excellent opportunity for secondary prevention strategies, such as screenings[3]. So, early diagnoses and preventions are very important. The projected population of Province 3 and 4 in Nepal is 60, 26,626, and 24, 72,494 respectively in the year 2016. There are altogether 6 tertiary retina care centers in Province 3 and 1 tertiary retina center in province 4 of Nepal to cover that much of the population. But, few eye doctors can treat patients with retinal diseases in Nepal. It is also necessary to train ophthalmic assistants, optometrists, ophthalmic nurses, and other health workers who can assist the treatment of retinal diseases. So, strengthening retina eye care services is very important in Nepal. Retina Eye Care of Nepal (RECON) project was a joint program of BP Eye Foundation, Kathmandu, Nepal, and Tokushima University, Japan to strengthen 3 retina centers in Province 1 and 1 retina center in province 4. The project duration was from May 2016 to February 2019. The purpose of RECON was to strengthen retina eye care services in Nepal by training ophthalmic human resources, enhancing retina eye care facilities, and conducting retina-screening camp.
Mental State of Central Sterile Supply Department Staff During COVID-19 Epidemic and CART Analysis
Authors: Pan Wei , Hu Juan , Yi Liangying 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: During COVID-19 epidemic, the central sterile supply department (CSSD) staff need to handle a large number of devices, utensils and non-disposable protective articles used by suspected or confirmed COVID-19 patients. This may bring psychological stress to the CSSD staff. However, the mental state of the CSSD staff during COVID-19 epidemic has been rarely studied. We aim to investigate the mental state of the CSSD staff and the relevant influencing factors during COVID-19 epidemic.Methods: Conduct the questionnaire survey with the general information questionnaire, Chinese perceived stress scale (CPSS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) among 423 CSSD staff from 35 hospitals in Sichuan Province, China. Analyse the data in SPSS 24.0, use classification and regression tree (CART) to analyse variables, and find variation between groups. Perform chi-square test on enumeration data, and perform t-test and analysis of variance on measurement data.Results: The CSSD staff’s SAS score was 37.39 ± 8.458, their CPSS score was 19.21 ± 7.265, and their CD-RISC score was 64.26 ± 15.129 (Tenacity factor score: 31.70 ± 8.066, Strength factor score: 21.60 ± 5.066, Optimism factor scores: 10.96 ± 3.189). The CPSS score was positively correlated with the SAS score (r = 0.66; P < 0.01), the CPSS score was negatively correlated with the CD-RISC score (r = -0.617, P < 0.01), and the SAS score was negatively correlated with the CD-RISC score (r = -0.477, P < 0.01). The job, age and political status of the CSSD staff were the main factors affecting their mental state. The CPSS score and SAS score of the CSSD nurses were significantly different from those of the CSSD logistic staff (P < 0.01). Conclusion: During the epidemic, the CSSD staff’s psychological resilience was at a low level, and the anxiety level of the CSSD nurses was higher than that of the CSSD logistic staff. Therefore, more attention shall be paid to the mental health of the CSSD staff, and it is necessary to take the protective measures regarding the risk factors at work to ensure they can maintain a good mental state during the epidemic.
“It’s really no more difficult than putting on fluoride varnish”: A qualitative exploration of dental professionals’ views of silver diamine fluoride for the management of carious lesions in children
Authors: Seifo Nassar , Cassie Heather , Radford John , Innes Nicola 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDespite evidence that Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) can be effective in managing carious lesions in primary teeth, the use of SDF in the UK remains limited. This study explored dental professionals’ views and experiences of using SDF for managing carious lesions in children. In addition, it explored what they perceived to be the advantages, disadvantages, barriers and enablers to the use of SDF in practice.MethodsFifteen semi-structured face-to-face or over-the-phone interviews were conducted with 14 dental professionals from NHS Tayside and NHS Grampian in Scotland. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded and analysed using a thematic approach. ResultsThirteen of 14 dental professionals interviewed were familiar with, or had some existing knowledge of, SDF. Four had used it to treat patients. The majority of participants thought that the main advantage of SDF was that it required minimal patient cooperation. SDF was also perceived as a simple, pain-free and non-invasive treatment approach that could help acclimatise children to the dental environment. However, SDF-induced black staining of arrested carious lesions was most commonly reported as the main disadvantage and greatest barrier to using it in practice. Participants believed that this discolouration would concern some parents who may fear that the black appearance may instigate bullying at school and that others may judge parents as neglecting their child’s oral health. Participants thought that education of clinicians about SDF use and information sheets for parents would enhance the uptake of SDF in dental practice. Participants believed that younger children might not be as bothered by the discolouration as older ones and they anticipated greater acceptance of SDF for posterior primary teeth by both parents and children.ConclusionDental professionals were aware that SDF can be used for arresting carious lesions. They pointed out that the staining effect of carious lesions is a major disadvantage that could be a barrier for many parents. Participants considered the application process to be simple and non-invasive and requires a minimum level of child cooperation. Participants appreciated the potential of SDF in paediatric dentistry and suggested actions that could help overcome the barriers they highlighted.
Opposite-sex effects of the Tac2 pathway blockade in fear memory consolidation: implications for fear-related disorders
Authors: Florido Antonio , Velasco Eric , Soto Carlos , Gómez Alex , Nadal Roser , Pozo Oscar , Saura Carlos , Andero Raül 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Memory formation is key for brain functioning. Uncovering the memory mechanisms is helping us to better understand neural processes in health and disease. Moreover, more specific treatments for fear-related disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder and phobias may help to decrease their negative impact on mental health. In this line, the Tachykinin 2 (Tac2) pathway in the central amygdala (CeA) has been shown to be sufficient and necessary for the modulation of fear memory consolidation. CeA-Tac2 antagonism and its pharmacogenetic temporal inhibition impairs fear memory in male mice. Surprisingly, we demonstrate here a totally opposite effect of Tac2 blockade on enhancing fear memory consolidation in females. Furthermore, we show that CeA-testosterone in males, CeA-estradiol in females and Akt/GSK3β/β-Catenin signaling in both mediate the opposite-sex differential Tac2 pathway regulation of fear memory. This study may have implications beyond memory functioning in fear-related disorders, including fields related to behavior where opposite-sex effects have not been studied in-depth or at all.
Assessment of problematic anger using an Arabic adaptation of the Dimensions of Anger Reactions Scale-5 (DAR-5)
Authors: Kakaje Ameer , Alsamara Kinda , Forbes David 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background:Anger is a normal human emotion that is a common response to potentially traumatic events and implicated in the development and maintenance of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Anger is also a risk factor for aggression and violence. With millions of Syrians having to flee and being refugees in other countries, anger was rarely assessed as there was no brief robust tool for anger in Arabic. Objective: To develop and test an Arabic version of the Dimensions of Anger Reactions 5 (DAR-5) scale, a five-question scale to screen for anger distress and problematic anger in adults and adolescentsMethod:DAR-5 was translated into Arabic, then back translated into English, and finally re-checked for accuracy. Participants were 1641 Syrian adults, (621 males and 1020 females) and 784 adolescents aged between 14-16 years old (355 male and 429 female). Only Arabic speaking participants were included. Measures included the DAR-5 Arabic version (DAR-5 A) for both samples the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS 21) for adults and the Children Revised Impact of Events Scale – 8 (CRIES-8). Results:High levels of internal reliability were reported (Cronbach’s α of .86) and factor analysis found that DAR-5-A scores fit as a single-factor model. Problematic anger rates were 35.8% and 60.3% of adults and adolescents respectively across the population using the cut-off point for DAR-5-A of ≥12. This cut off score also differentiated between scores high versus low scores on anxiety, depression and stress. Conclusions:This study reinforces the importance of assessing for anger in these populations. The DAR-5A written in formal Arabic, is a critical measure that can be used as a brief measure to assess for this problematic anger in Syrians and other Arabic-speaking communities
Comorbidity Network Analysis of Depression, Anxiety and Stress&nbsp;During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Liang Li Kui , Lei Ren , Xi Luo , Zhi Feng Zheng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Stress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic is highly correlated with depression and anxiety disorders, and there is currently a lack of understanding of the comorbidity network of these disorders. The purpose of this study is to explore the comorbidity network of depression, anxiety and stress during the COVID-19 pandemic through network analysis.Method: 887 participants are conducted a DASS 21 mental state survey across the country from February 18 to 22 in the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. The network analysis method was used to explore the network relationship between these disorders, including the use of indicators of expected influence and bridge expected influence to explain the centrality of the network.Results: The strongest six edges were the connections between the symptoms within each group, including three depressive symptom edges initiative-anhedonia, hopeless-meaningless and worthless-meaningless, one anxiety symptom edge dyspneic-heart sick and two stress symptom edges over reactive-touchy and agitated-relax. Centrality indicators show that symptoms blue, relax, and intolerable have the strongest expected influence centrality. The results show that symptoms intolerable, sad mood and blue have the strongest bridge expected influence centrality.Conclusion: We found that symptoms blue, intolerable and relax are the core ones in the network, while dry and heartsick are less important ones. In addition, symptoms intolerable, sad mood and blue were also found to have the strongest bridge symptoms. Interventions against the core symptoms in this study will be more precise.
Gut microbiota and fecal metabolites in captive and wild North China leopard (Panthera pardus japonensis) by comparsion using 16s rRNA gene sequencing and LC/MS-based metabolomics
Authors: Hua Yan , cao Heqin , Wang Jiao , He Fengping , Jiang Guangshun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Gut microbes significantly contribute to nutrient digestion and absorption, intestinal health and immunity, and are essential for the survival and environmental adaptation of wild animals. However, there are few studies on the gut microbiota of captive and wild North China leopard (Panthera pardus japonensis). Results: A total of 10 mainly bacterial phyla were identified in the fecal microbiota of North China leopard, Lachnoclostridium (p = 0.003), Peptoclostridium (p = 0.005), Bacteroides (p =0.008), Fusobacterium (p = 0.017) and Collinsella (p = 0.019) were significantly higher than those of wild North China leopard. Distinct differences in the fecal metabolic phenotypes of captive and wild North China leopard were found, such as content of l-methionine, n-acetyl-l-tyrosine, pentadecanoic acid and oleic acid. Differentially abundant gut microbes were associated with fecal metabolites, especially the bacteria in Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, involved in the metabolism of N-acetyl-L-alanine and D-quinovose.Conclusion: This study reports for the first time the differences in gut microbiota abundance between captive and wild North China leopard, as well as significant differences in fecal metabolic phenotypes between two groups.
WITHDRAWN: The Influence of the Expression of Personality Traits on Growing Intensity of Interdialytic Disorders and Change of Pro-Health Behaviours in CKD Patients.
Authors: Lech Magdalena , Adrian Lech , Stanisław Niemczyk , Arkadiusz Lubas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Personality traits can change in the course of chronic disease and affect health behaviour. The aim of the work was to assess the influence of socio-demographic and clinical factors on the expression of personality traits and their relationship with more intense interdialytic disorders and change in health behaviours of patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods: A total of 200 participants were recruited for the research (84 F, 116 M; age 61 ±12 years): 160 patients with CKD stage G4-G5 and 40 healthy persons constituting a control group. A diagnostic poll method was used in the research employing the following questionnaires to collect socio-demographic and clinical data: Health Behaviour Inventory (IZZ), Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI), Beck Depression Inventory and Researcher’s Questionnaire Test.Results: Statistically significant differences were found in the intensity of personal traits at different stages of treatment. The patients in the pre-dialysis period revealed more openness to new experiences and more extraversion than those who were hemodialysed. The influence of factors resulting from CKD on the expression of personality traits increased with subsequent stages of treatment. Depression intensity, according to the Beck Depression Inventory, was not connected with the expression of personality traits. A higher frequency of reported interdialytic disorders was significantly related to a higher degree of openness and conscientiousness and a lower degree of agreeableness. Increased extraversion, conscientiousness and openness significantly correlated with more intense health behaviours.Conclusions: Personalities of patients with CKD change with subsequent stages of treatment and undergo the influence of socio-demographic and clinical factors. Personalities affect the frequency of reported interdialytic disorders and revealed health behaviour.
How implementation of “Joy of Life” are experienced by the employees: A qualitative study
Authors: Andre Beate , Grønning RN. Kjersti , Jacobsen Frode F. , Haugan Gørill 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Nursing homes are under strong pressure to provide good care to the patients. In Norway, municipalities have applied the ‘Joy-of-Life-Nursing-Homes’ strategy to increase a health-promoting perception that focuses on the older persons` resources. Implementations represent introducing changes to the health professionals; however, changing one’s working approaches, routines and working culture may be demanding. On this background we explored how the ‘Joy-of-Life-Nursing-Homes’ strategy is perceived by the employees, before and after the implementation and which challenges the employees experience with this implementation.Method: We used a qualitative approach and interviewed 14 healthcare personnel working in nursing homes in one Norwegian municipality which had implemented the ‘Joy-of-Life-Nursing-Homes’ strategy. The analysis was conducted following Kvale’s approach to qualitative analysis.Results: The main categories after the data condensing were (a) the characteristics of care activities before implementations of ‘Joy-of-Life-Nursing-Homes’, (b) how ‘Joy-of-Life-Nursing-Homes’ influenced the care activities, and (c) challenges with the implementation of ‘Joy-of-Life-Nursing-Homes’. Some of the informants spoke well about the implementation concerning the quality of the care, as one stated “to see the joy in the eyes of the patient then I feel we have succeeded”. For informants who experienced resistance toward the implementation, they feel that it is too much to document, it is too complicated, and the requirements are too many. Conclusions: Quality of care for the patients seems to have increased after the implementation. Nevertheless, the fact that the informants seemed to be divided into two different groups related to their main perspective of the implementation is concerning. One group has positive experiences with the implementations process and the benefits of it, while the other group focuses on lack of benefits and problems with the implementation process.