bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parametric method used for mapping the groundwater vulnerability to contamination
Authors: Buta C , Maftei C , Mihai G , Stănescu M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Groundwater is a natural resource indispensable for life and for most economic activities. Due to its presentation in time and space, groundwater becomes vulnerable to hazardous phenomena of different origin, natural or anthropogenic, that can produce disturbances in some water systems or default situations. Parametric models can be used to model the groundwater vulnerability and with the help of Geographical Information System (GIS) we can make the results of a complicated parametric model more clearly through visual representation. To achieve the above objective, the empirical model known as “DRASTIC” developed in USA by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [1] as a way to produce a relative-risk scale of potential groundwater vulnerability to pollution that could be applied to a large area was adopted and tested with GIS to identify areas from Dobrogea Region (Romania) where the groundwater is more or less susceptible to pollution.
D8 flow model for pollutants dispersion: A case study at Bogdalen watershed between the Raudfjell and Kvitfjell wind farm, North of Norway
Authors: Bui M T , Lu J M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Investments in wind power are booming in Norway. Several wind power plants have been constructed to exploit the wind energy. However, construction of wind farms has potential impacts on the surrounding environment. Particularly, waste from construction site or activities of workers, leakage of oil and chemical would spread into the nearby waterbodies by runoff or infiltrating into ground. Hence, quality of surface water and ground water would be degraded. Raudfjell and Kvitfjell is the biggest on-shore wind power project in the north of Norway and is underconstruction. However, water quality around these two wind farms has been reported to be seriously polluted. The pollutants in the water are expected to disperse to surrounding area by runoff and accumulate at certain accumulation areas in the watershed. Therefore, it is of great importance to identify the directions of pollutants transportation and the potential vulnerable areas that may be affected by the pollution. This paper built up a D8 flow model to investigate pollutants dispersion at the small-scale watershed Bogdalen located between Raudfjell and Kvitfjell wind farm area. The model identified in detail possible single-flow directions on each cell of ground surface and detected the potential pathways where pollutants are expected to transport to and accumulate. The results stated that the model has provided promising results for pollution management.
Pb2+ biosorption on Sargassum ilicifolium in the presence of Na+ and quaternary ammonium cations
Authors: Caparanga A R , Roque M B M , Alday L M , Santos N D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Quaternary ammonium cations (or quats) and Na+ were used as model interfering ions that could possibly influence the uptake of Pb2+ in wastewater by dead algal biomass of Sargassum ilicifolium. This biosorption study consisted of four sets of batch experiments: Pb2+; Pb2+/Na+; Pb2+/quats; Pb2+/Na+/quats. The effect of the presence of ions other than Pb2+ on the maximum extent of adsorption on the biomass was determined. Equilibrium data gathered suggested that improved Pb2+ adsorption could occur in the presence of quats. On the other hand, the presence of Na+ lowered the maximum extent of adsorption of Pb2+, particularly at low initial concentrations of Pb2+. In the presence of both Na+ and quats, more Pb2+ were adsorbed than when only one type of interfering ions was present.
Dispersion and diffusivity of halloysite and bentonite nanoclays in aqueous Pb (II): Effect of particle concentration, temperature, and pH
Authors: Tagalog C J L , Caparanga A R , Millare J C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study investigates the influence of particle concentration, temperature, and pH to the dispersion properties and diffusivity of nanoparticles – halloysite and bentonite nanoclays in water, with and without the presence of lead (II) ions. Light scattering analyses were conducted to observe the changes on hydrodynamic radius, zeta potential, and diffusion coefficient of the nanoparticles. Results showed that with the increase of particle concentration and as pH increases, the average hydrodynamic radii for the two nanoclays seems to decrease, and were much smaller in the presence of Pb (II) ions. Conversely, the size of the nanoparticles appears to increase as temperature increases for the halloysite sample while the opposite was found for the bentonite dispersion. Sizes increase and decrease even more upon Pb (II) additions for the halloysite and bentonite dispersions respectively. In terms of zeta potential, both lead-free nanoparticles showed a more negative surface net charge as concentration and pH increases indicating an improvement in suspension stability. This was not the case with respect to temperature changes where halloysite dispersions become more unstable. Pb (II)–bentonite samples on the other hand exhibit a rather unpredictable trend in the zeta potential as the temperature increases but were both more stable than pure bentonite. Lastly, the diffusion coefficients were obtained and data suggest that temperature has the highest influence among all parameters while the addition of Pb (II) ions increases the overall diffusivities except for low-zeta potential dispersions.
Degradation of methylene blue utilizing cobalt-impregnated zeolite beta via sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation process
Authors: Osias J M L , Chen Y C , Lin D Y , Shih Y C , Caparanga A R , Chen B H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Sulfate radical-based oxidation process (SRAOP) is an efficient way to completely degrade toxic dyes from wastewater. The purpose of this study is to utilize zeolite beta to support cobalt ions as a catalyst for such application. Zeolite beta was synthesized hydrothermally with SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 30. Cobalt was impregnated into zeolite beta via wet impregnation method, with cobalt loading of 2wt% and 5wt% Co2+/zeolite beta. Catalyst characterization was done by XRD, ICP, SEM-EDS, FT-IR, BET, and TPD. Methylene blue was used as model dye to investigate the catalytic capability of the catalyst. The set up for the batch reaction was a 500 mL beaker containing 200 mL of 100 ppm dye mechanically stirred at 300 rpm. Oxone concentration was 2mM and the catalyst loading was varied with concentrations of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 g/L. UV-vis was employed to determine the concentration of dye remaining in the solution. Catalyst particle size ranged from 150 to 300 nm with BET surface area of 576.2 m2/g. The dye exhibited adsorption activity to the zeolite, where 92.4% of the dye were adsorbed after 2 hours. Degradation capability of the catalyst was satisfactory, reaching 100% removal after 45 minutes. The study showed that utilization of zeolite beta as a support for cobalt shows promising results for SRAOP application.
Adsorptive removal of Ni2+ ions in wastewater using electrospun cellulose acetate / iron-modified nanozeolite nanostructured membrane
Authors: Tolentino M S , Aquino R R , Tuazon M R C , Basilia B A , Llana M J , M C Cosico J A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Release of heavy metal contaminated wastewater is one of the major problems being encountered by many industries due to its hazardous effect on the ecosystem, specifically its negative impacts on human health. Although essential in small quantities, nickel (Ni) and other heavy metals could be very dangerous to human health when uptaken at high concentrations. In this regard, this undertaking focused on the fabrication of nanofibers of cellulose acetate (CA) with varying concentrations (0, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4 wt%) of iron-modified nanozeolite (Fe-MNZ) through electrospinning technique for the adsorption of Ni2+ ions in simulated wastewater. The membranes produced underwent different characterization techniques to determine the effect of Fe-MNZ addition on the nanofibers. FTIR result showed changes in the broadness of some bank peaks which signifies the interaction between CA and Fe-MNZ. SEM results showed increasing fiber diameter with increasing Fe-MNZ concentration having an 848.08 nm maximum diameter. Lastly, Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-first order kinetics govern the adsorption of the Ni2+ ions, with the highest adsorption capacity of 7.46 mg Ni2+ / g membrane.
Environmental capacity assessment for Amoni and TSS in Dung Quat Bay, Viet Nam
Authors: Bui L T , Ho K P T , Vuong T A T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Vietnam has a more than 3,260 km coastline. It discharges anually to the marine about 847 billion m3 of water and over 250 million tons of sediment, accompanied by a large amount of nutrients and pollutants. However, the general assessment problem environmental capacity and carrying capacity of water bodies are still not paid attention in. In this study, carrying out an assessment of environmental capacity in Dung Quat Bay where many economic activities are taking place and negatively impact on the coastal environment. The combination of calculating the environment capacity proposed by Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection (GESAMP) and tissue hydrodynamics and water quality modeling pakegae Mike21 has conducted environmental capacity assessment according to two typical seasons of the study area. The results show that, in the dry season, if compared with the standards of aquaculture, aquatic conservation, NH4
+ is no longer able to bear the load; however, compared to water standards for beaches and water sports, NH4
+ still has the capacity to bear the load of 0.029 (ton/day) and 2,231 (tons/day) at low and high tide, respectively. With TSS, it can withstand about 7 tons to 370 tons per day corresponding to low tide and high tide in the dry season. Moreover, in the rainy season, NH4
+ is no longer able to bear the load in all cases; TSS also has environment capacity of about 160 (tons/day) at the low tide and 660 (tons/day) at the high tide.
River flow pattern and heavy metals concentrations in Pasig River, Philippines as affected by varying seasons and astronomical tides
Authors: Paronda G R A , David C P C , Apodaca D C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study explored the transport of metal pollutants in Pasig River, an important source of water for different uses in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. In particular, the study investigated the effect of varying seasons and varying levels of tides on the flow pattern and heavy metals concentrations in Pasig River. Pasig River is one of the main outlets which drain directly into the Manila Bay and Laguna de Bay. Four sampling sites were chosen along the 27 km-stretch of Pasig River which includes the following: Delpan, Lambingan, Guadalupe and Kalawaan sampling locations. Series of water samplings were conducted during the months of April, 2007 copping the dry season and November 2007 covering the wet season. Sampling design was primarily based on the height of tide at Manila Bay. Flow rate as computed from surface flow velocity was measured at each station. Concentration of heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead and nickel, were also measured. Results indicate that an observable backflow occurred during the dry season when the tide was high, that is, saline water from Manila Bay, intruding into the Pasig River. Further, this study established that the highest flow rate was noted during the wet season at low tide, particularly at the Kalawaan station. On the other hand, low flow rate was observed during the dry season when the tide was high. With regard to the levels of heavy metals, concentrations were found to be elevated during the dry season and also, when high tide occurs. Water samples collected from Delpan station yielded high metal concentrations with lead (Pb) as the dominant heavy metal among the four metals analysed in this study. Variability in the metal concentration due to seasonal changes, varying flow patterns and tide may indicate water quality problems not only in Pasig River but also to coastal areas such as Manila Bay.
Ammonia removal mechanism by the combination of air stripping and ultrasound as the function of pH
Authors: Wu C-Q , Zhang Y , Chen X 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Ammonia removal mechanism by the combination of airstripping and ultrasound (AU) as the function of pH was investigated. The synergistic effects were observed for air stripping and ultrasound, which was obviously enhanced with the decrease in pH. Ammonia degradation and ammonia stripping were the ammonia removal pathways by AU. Ammonia degradation was the main ammonia removal pathway at the pH of lower than 8, but at a higher pH, ammonia stripping was the main pathway. Air stripping strengthens ammonia degradation by ultrasound in two ways of providing reactive radicals and more cavitation bubbles for pyrolysis. Ammonia degradation depended on the oxidation of radicals at a pH of lower than 8 and did on pyrolysis at a higher pH. Ultrasound also strengthens ammonia stripping by increasing mass transfer coefficient and accelerating the shift of the equilibrium of free ammonia and ammonium ions, which resulted in more strongly strengthening effect at a lower pH.
Optimal allocation of water resources through artificial fish swarm algorithm: A case study in Haixing, China
Authors: Liu M Y , Luan Q H , Liu M , Gong A X , Hu H J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
North China is a typical developing region where the conflict between large water demand and little natural water resources exist. Thus, scientifically optimizing the allocation of regional water resources is particularly significant in this area. In this study, Haixing County, China was selected as the research region. Then, regional optimization model of water resource allocation was established, of which the objective function aims at the maximum integrated benefit of regional social and economy. In this model, two forbidden red lines of water use amount and water use efficiency were considered as the constraints, and Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm was applied to calculate the optimization of water resource allocation. In 2020, the p = 50% total water shortage is forecast as 0.747 × 106 m3 or 2.1%. The results show that the efficiency and benefits have been improved, which illustrates that the optimization allocation of water resources through Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm is reasonable. The research could provide a crucial technical support for regional water resource management.
Monitoring and health evaluation of stormwater runoff processes: A case study of Handan metropolis, North China
Authors: Pei M T , Zhou Y Y , Luan Q H , Xiao W H , Wang F Q 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Metropolitan areas are facing increasing environmental risks of urban flooding under changing climate and intensified human activities. Therefore, it is of vital importance to evaluate the health of processes of stormwater runoff in changing environment. In this paper, the health evaluation was conducted using an indices system integrating the Analytic Hierarchy Processes (AHP) and Key Performance Indices (KPI) methods. This system consists of four dimensions, i.e. rainfall, runoff generation, runoff routing and river retention, and 12 indicating indices, considering the impacts of urban development on water cycling processes. Case study was conducted in Handan metropolis, North China. Particularly, an extreme stormwater runoff event, i.e. "2017.06.21 Stormwater Event", one of the most severe and typical urban stormwater events recently, was analysed. Results showed that the processes of stormwater runoff in this study rest in a sub-health state. The production processes is the most critical link in the urban water cycling health assessment. This result maps out the problem of poor infrastructure construction in Handan metropolis. Methods and results of this study could help better understanding of urban stormwater management and could serve as a reference for health evaluation of urban flooding in other metropolitan areas.
Estimating urban suitable ecological land based on the minimum cumulative resistance model: A case study in Nanjing, China
Authors: Ye Y P , Wang S N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Intense transformation and conflicts between different land use types has occurred in the past decades and will still exist in the coming decades in China. Ascertaining the quantity and pattern optimization of urban ecological land is critical to guaranteeing urban ecological security and realizing urban sustainable development. In this study, Nanjing, a very famous city in the Yangtze River Delta in China, was selected as the case study to explore the land use changes from 1995 to 2017 and calculate the suitable amount of ecological land to meet the needs of its socioeconomic development. From 1995 to 2015, the proportion of ecological land in Nanjing dropped from 84.41% to 59.15%. Based on the minimum cumulative resistance model (MCRM), we designed four alternate scenarios to explore the optimal quantity and pattern of ecological land in Nanjing. By comparing the current land use status with the model simulation results, we proposed the suitable ecological land area for Nanjing should be no less than 3963km2, which is 56% of the total area of Nanjing. The land use strategies and the measures to protect ecological land in this study can provide a reliable reference for sustainable development of other highly urbanized regions in China.
Changes in intracellular and extracellular free polyamines during the growth cycle of Prorocentrum donghaiense
Authors: Liu Y , Zhao W H , Dong B , Li B , Yang X H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We used HPLC to measure the concentrations of free putrescine, spermidine, and spermine in cells and culture medium during the growth of Prorocentrum donghaiense. Spermine was the main intracellular free polyamines in Prorocentrum donghaiense. The intracellular concentration of free polyamines kept increasing during the growth cycle and the ratio of spermine to putrescine increased with cell density. Changes in the ratios of spermine/spermidine in Prorocentrum donghaiense, however, occurred before changes in cell density, suggesting that polyamines can regulate cell growth and replication. Putrescine was the most abundant free polyamine in the culture medium, followed by spermine and spermidine. Changes to the media polyamines contents implied that Prorocentrum donghaiense could absorb free polyamines from the culture solution as well as release free polyamines into the medium during different growth periods, especially during the decline phase. These results suggest that masses of dead algae in the population decline phase would release abundant free polyamines into the environment.
Study on water resources management in Henan Province based on principal component analysis
Authors: Li L J , Li S Y 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper selects 11 indicators from three aspects of water resources environment, economy and society to construct the water resources management evaluation system, and uses the principal component analysis method for analysis. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the water resources management level of Henan province in the past three years, the water resources management level of Henan province is compared to promote its management level and improve the efficiency of water resources utilization. The results show that: 1. The water resource utilization level in Henan province is stable and improving. 2. Cities with best water resource management include Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Xinxiang and Nanyang, while cities with good water resource management include Kaifeng, Pingdingshan, Anyang, Jiaozuo and Xinyang. 3. The water resources management level and the economic development level correlation degree is big, and the social development level correlation degree is small.
Application of remote sensing time series for characterizing interactions between the vegetation and hydro-geomorphology in the high-latitude arid region floodplains
Authors: Ablat X , Liu G H , Liu Q S , Huang C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Floodplain hydro-geomorphology is the major factor for vegetation growth and biomass. Characterizing interaction between the vegetation and hydro-geomorphology is essential to better understanding river ecosystems in arid regions. In this study, considering the various hydro-geomorphological dynamics of floodplains, the study area was divided into four functional zones and spatialized lateral variations of the floodplain fluvial disturbance intensity, sediment erosion and deposition process, moisture dynamics and vegetation growth condition through Landsat and daily Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) time series between 2010-2015. And analyzed the various interactions between floodplain vegetation and hydro-geomorphology in different floodplain lateral zones. Results shows that the highest vegetation NDVI values (>0.4) are distributed in the regularly static floodplain area where characterized regular flood inundation and has moderate moisture ability. Vegetation NDVI values in the frequency inundation, wet and highly dynamic floodplain area are mainly less than 0.2. Results indicate that different hydro-geomorphological processes dominated in floodplains, therefore plants and hydro-geomorphology interact each other in different ways from river to floodplain margins. Using remote sensing time series can be better characterizing the different interactions between floodplain vegetation and hydro-geomorphology. This study can help to better management of river ecosystems in the arid region floodplains.
Photodegradation of organic pollutants in wastewater with different morphologies of silver phosphate nanocatalysts
Authors: Niu J F , Zhang Z Q , Wang K , Shi W J , Yu X J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Photocatalyst can use the sunlight to photodegrade the environmental pollutants. In this article, AgNO3 and Na2HPO4 were used as raw materials to prepare different morphology Ag3PO4 nanocatalyst with different methods. They are solid phase method, hydrothermal method, conversion precipitation method and direct precipitation method. Four kinds of photocatalysts are donated as Ag3PO4-GX, Ag3PO4-SR, Ag3PO4-ZJ and Ag3PO4-ZH, respectively. The obtained materials were characterized by XRD, UV-VIS DRS, SEM and BET.XRD analyse results showed that the Ag3PO4 prepared by four methods have good crystallinity form sharp diffraction peak. UV-VIS DRS results showed that the band gap of four samples are 1.66 eV (Ag3PO4-GX), 1.91eV (Ag3PO4-ZJ), 2.13 eV (Ag3PO4-ZH) and 3.37 eV (Ag3PO4-SR), respectively. SEM results showed that the samples prepared by direct precipitation method and hydrothermal method make Ag3PO4 particles more uniform and the samples have better morphology, more porous and uniform distribution of particles. The surface area of the samples prepared by the four methods is in the range of 20-35 m2/g. The photocatalytic capacity of four Ag3PO4 were investigates by methyl orange, methyl blue and ofloxacin. The photodegradation experiment showed that the Ag3PO4 photocatalyst prepared by direct precipitation method exhibited best degradation efficiency under the visible light irradiation. The mechanism of the remarkable photocatalysis was also explored by determining the role of active radicals. The results showed that h+ was the main active oxidation species in the presence of aerobic degradation of levofloxacin, while ⋅OH active species had little effect on the degradation of pollutants.