bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severe pantothenic acid deficiency induces alterations in the intestinal mucosal proteome of starter Pekin ducks
Authors: Tang Jing , Feng Yulong , Zhang Bo , Wu Yongbao , Guo Zhanbao , Liang Suyun , Xie Ming , Zhou Zhengkui , Hou Shuisheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Pantothenic acid deficiency (PAD) results in growth depression and intestinal hypofunction of animals. The underlying mechanisms, however, remain to be established and an overview of molecular alterations is still lacking. We investigated intestinal mucosal proteome changes induced by PAD in ducks to explain its effects on growth and intestine.
Methods

A total of 128 one-day-old Pekin ducks were divided into two groups, with 8 replicates and 8 birds per replicate. All the ducks were fed either a PAD or a pantothenic acid adequate (control, CON) diet for 16 days.
Results

High mortality, growth retardation, fasting hypoglycemia, reduced plasma insulin, and oxidative stress were observed in the PAD group compared to the CON group. Furthermore, PAD induced morphological alterations of the small intestine indicated by reduced villus height and villus surface area of duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The duodenum mucosal proteome of ducks showed that 198 proteins were upregulated and 223 proteins were downregulated (> 1.5-fold change) in the PAD group compared to those in the CON group. Pathway analysis of these proteins exhibited the suppression of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, fatty acid beta oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, oxidative stress, and intestinal absorption in the PAD group, indicating impaired energy generation and abnormal intestinal absorption. We also show that nine out of eleven proteins involved in regulation of actin cytoskeleton were upregulated by PAD, probably indicates reduced intestinal integrity.
Conclusion

PAD leads to growth depression and intestinal hypofunction of ducks, which are associated with impaired in energy generation, abnormal intestinal absorption, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton processes. These findings contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of intestinal mucosa metabolic disorders due to PAD.
Effect of Oligopin Supplementation on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Mansour Asieh , Sanginabadi Milad , Mohajeri-Tehrani Mohammad Reza , Karimi Sara , Gerami Hadis , Mahdavi-Gorabi Armita , Shirzad Nooshin , Samadi Majid , Baygi Fereshteh , Qorbani Mostafa , Hosseini Saeed 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: A double blind clinical trial was performed to evaluate whether polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-specific serum markers and metabolic parameters would change in women with PCOS during three months administration of oligopin. Methods: In this double-blind multicenter trial, we randomly assigned 80 PCOS women, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive oligopin (n= 40) or placebo (n = 40) for up to 3 months. As PCOS- specific outcomes, we investigated changes in testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and increase luteinizing hormone (LH). Secondary end points were metabolic (fasting glycaemia, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), lipids, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)), anthropometrics parameters and blood pressure from baseline to end of treatment. We investigate serum transaminase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels as hepatic and kidney outcomes, respectively. Results: PCOS-specific serum parameters did not change during three months administration of oligpin (p > 0.05) except for small increase in FSH levels (p=0.03). Oligopin neither changed the metabolic profile nor the anthropometric parameters or blood pressure. ALP levels significantly increased in placebo group compared with oligopin (p=0.01). Conclusion: Oligopin supplementation does not seem to be exerting a beneficial effect on both hormonal and metabolic parameters in women with PCOS.The study was registered at www.irct.ir with the identifier number of IRCT20140406017139N3.Registered 22 December 2018 - Retrospectively registered.
Preoperative Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration, Red Cell Distribution Width As Predictive Markers For Pancreatic Cancer Patients Who Underwent Radical Pancreatomy
Authors: Wang Dan , Fan Xiaona , Fang Lin , Zhou Tianshuo , Li Qingwei , Zhang Wenjing , Liu Jinshuang , Li Ruiyang , Han Shuling , Li Zhiwei 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective: To explore the value of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and red cell distribution width (RDW) for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) who underwent radical pancreatomy.Background: Inflammatory factors are important factors in promoting the occurrence and metastasis of malignant tumors. RDW and MCHC are suggested to be relevant to the prognosis of several malignancies. Such as gastric cancer, colon cancer. However, there are few studies to explore the correlation between them and PC.Methods: This study included 532 patients with PC who underwent radical resection between March 2011 and May 2019. Kaplan-Meier curve method and Cox proportional hazard regression model were applied to analyze prognosis. Correlations between categorical variables were analyzed using Chi squared tests.Results: Survival curve showed that OS and PFS were significantly favorable for resectable PC patients with high preoperative MCHC (P=0.02) (P=0.005), RDW in the normal range (P<0.001) (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis suggested that MCHC (HR: 0.612, 95%CI: 0.426-0.879, P=0.008), and RDW (HR: 3.969, 95%CI: 2.952-5.338, P<0.001) were independent prognostic factors for resectable PC patients. MCHC (HR: 0.657, 95%CI: 0.458-0.943, P=0.023), RDW (HR: 3.915, 95%CI: 2.923-5.243, P < 0.001) were also independent recurrent factors for resectable PC patients. Correlation analysis showed that MCHC was related to tumor size, nerve invasion, and anemia-related indicators, meanwhile RDW was connected with carcinoma-embryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen199 (CA19-9).Conclusion: The preoperative MCHC and RDW were simple and convenient predictive factors for prognosis and progression of patients with PC.
Amyloid-beta Uptake by Peripheral Blood Monocytes is Reduced by Ageing and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Chen Si-Han , Tian Ding-Yuan , Shen Ying-Ying , Cheng Yuan , Fan Dong-Yu , Sun Hao-Lun , He Chen-Yang , Sun Pu-Yang , Bu Xian-Le , Zeng Fan , Deng Juan , Xu Zhi-Qiang , Chen Yang , Wang Yanjiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDeficits in the clearance of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The roles of blood monocytes, the counterpartsof microglia in the periphery, in the development of AD remain unclear. In this study, we sought to investigate the alterations in the Aβ phagocytosis function of peripheral monocytes during ageing and in AD patients. Methods:A total of104 cognitively normal participants aged 22 to 89 years old, 22 AD patients, 22 age- and sex-matched cognitively normal (CN) subjects, 15 Parkinson’s disease patients (PD) and 15 age- and sex-matched CN subjects were recruited. The Aβ uptake by blood monocytes were measured and its alteration during ageing and in AD were investigated. ResultsAβ1-42 uptake by monocytes was associated with Aβ1-42 levels in the blood. Aβ1-42 uptake by monocytes decreased during ageing, and further decreased in AD but not in PD patients. Among the Aβ uptake-related receptors and enzymes, the expression of Toll‑like receptor 2 (TLR2) was reduced in monocytes from AD patients.ConclusionOur findings suggest that monocytes regulate the blood levels of Aβ and might be involved in the development of AD. The recovery of the Aβ clearance function by blood monocytes represents a potential therapeutic strategy for AD.
Entimemas e inferência de princípios jurídicos
Authors: Maranhão Juliano Souza de Albuquerque , Araújo Jorge Alberto A. de 
Published: June 2020

RESUMO:O artigo propõe um modelo de inferência de princípios jurídicos a partir de normas jurídicas, por meio da reconstrução de entimemas presentes em decisões judiciais. A ideia básica é que o principio inferido é a premissa normativa faltante de um entimema empregado em decisão judicial que aplica determinada norma. A decisão seria, assim, uma forma de endosso autoritativo do conteúdo do princípio. O modelo é aplicado sobre a inferência do princípio de presunção de inocência na decisão do Supremo Tribunal Federal acerca da possibilidade de execução de sentença penal condenatória antes de seu trânsito em julgado. O artigo discute implicações desse modelo de inferência para o debate entre positivismo e anti-positivismo. ABSTRACT:The paper proposes a model to infer legal principles from norms, consisting in the reconstruction of enthymemes in judicial decisions. The basic idea is that the inferred principle is the missing normative premise of an enthymeme employed by a judicial decision, which applies the legal norm at stake. The decision would then be a form of endorsement of the content of the legal principle. The model is illustrated by the inference of the content of the principle of presumption of innocence in the Brazilian Supreme Court Decision on the possibility of execution of a criminal sentence before its final revision by the superior courts. The paper discusses the implications of the model within the positivism/antipositivism debate.
A Reforma Trabalhista e o empregado intermitente: instrumento de precarização dos direitos trabalhistas
Authors: Da Rocha Cláudio Janotti , Melo Francisco Matheus Alves 
Published: June 2020

RESUMO:Diante das mudanças da realidade do mercado de trabalho e das crises econômicas que afetaram a situação brasileira a partir de 2008/2009, pode-se ver o fortalecimento do discurso neoliberal como instrumento apto e capaz de resolver todos os problemas, como se fora uma fórmula mágica para tudo e todos, tendo como foco central as Reformas Trabalhista e Previdenciárias, prevendo a drástica redução de direitos assegurados constitucionalmente. Nesse diapasão, cresce a pressão para flexibilizar a legislação trabalhista de modo a tornar o país market friendly e superar a recessão econômica e os altos índices de desocupação. Assim, aprovou-se a Reforma Trabalhista em caráter de urgência, modificando diversas normas do sistema justrabalhista. Dentre estas mudanças, tivemos a incorporação de diversas modalidades empregatícias estratificadas, voltadas a precarizar a relação de emprego tradicional (prestada por pessoa física, subordinada, habitual, com direito à jornada de trabalho de oito horas diárias e 44 horas semanais e remunerada). Sob o enfoque do empregado intermitente, o presente estudo analisa as normas celetistas em face da Constituição, do Direito Comparado e dos Tratados Internacionais de Direitos Humanos. ABSTRACT:Faced with the changes in the reality of the labor market and the economic crisis of 2015, we can see the strengthening of the neoliberal discourse, as an apt instrument and savior of all problems, as if in fact it was the magic formula of everything and everyone. In this context, the pressure is growing to make labor legislation more flexible in order to make the country market friendly and to overcome the economic recession and high rates of unemployment. Thus, the Labor Reform was approved as a matter of urgency, modifying various norms of the labor system. Among these changes, we had the incorporation of several stratified employment modalities, aimed at precariousness of the traditional employment relationship (provided by individual, subordinate, habitual, entitled to a working day of eight hours a day and 44 hours a week and remunerated). Focused on the intermittent employee, this study analyses the changes in the Brazilian Labour Law compared to the Constitution, the Comparative Law and the International Human Rights Trades.
Do direito protetivo do trabalho ao direito do trabalho de exceção: o caso do trabalho intermitente.
Authors: Pimentel Lopes João Gabriel 
Published: June 2020

RESUMO:O presente artigo trata do contrato de trabalho intermitente, regulado pela recente Lei da Reforma Trabalhista no Brasil. A partir das justificativas apresentadas para as modificações legislativas atinentes à matéria, busca-se confrontar os propósitos declarados da lei com as dimensões concretas de sua aplicação, analisando-se a matéria a partir da compreensão do direito do trabalho como elemento protetivo do sujeito trabalhador. Constituída em torno de um ideário com viés liberalizante da economia, o novo regramento do trabalho intermitente revela-se uma expressão de um verdadeiro direito do trabalho de exceção, por meio do qual mecanismos originariamente protetivos ao trabalhador – tais como a própria figura de um contrato de trabalho juridicamente regulado – passam a se constituir como mera expressão de chancela da sua exploração. O artigo passará por uma exposição teórica e conceitual da tese do direito do trabalho de exceção. Em seguida, será abordado o regime jurídico adotado para o contrato de trabalho intermitente no Brasil, para então se propor uma análise crítica da legislação e seus efeitos sobre a subjetividade da classe trabalhadora. ABSTRACT:This paper offers an approach on the intermittent work, ruled by the recent Labor Reform Act in Brazil. By confronting the justification of the legal changes concerning this topic, I try to analyze the declared purposes of the new law under the paradigm of the protective conception of work regulation. The new rules of intermittent work were conceived as an expression of a liberal approach of economics and reveal themselves as a remark of an exceptional Labor Law, by means of which originally protective mechanisms – as the regulated work contract – become a mere expression of the reinforcement of exploitation. The paper begins by theoretically explaining the thesis of exceptional Labor Law. Then, I will expose the legal regime of intermittent contracts in Brazil and propose a critical analysis of the fresh law and its effects on working class subjectivity.
Data Imputation and Body Weight Variability Calculation Using Linear and Nonlinear Methods in Data Collected From Digital Smart Scales: Simulation and Validation Study
Authors: Turicchi Jake , O'Driscoll Ruairi , Finlayson Graham , Duarte Cristiana , Palmeira A L , Larsen Sofus C , Heitmann Berit L , Stubbs R James 
Published: June 2020

Background
Body weight variability (BWV) is common in the general population and may act as a risk factor for obesity or diseases. The correct identification of these patterns may have prognostic or predictive value in clinical and research settings. With advancements in technology allowing for the frequent collection of body weight data from electronic smart scales, new opportunities to analyze and identify patterns in body weight data are available.

Objective
This study aims to compare multiple methods of data imputation and BWV calculation using linear and nonlinear approaches

Methods
In total, 50 participants from an ongoing weight loss maintenance study (the NoHoW study) were selected to develop the procedure. We addressed the following aspects of data analysis: cleaning, imputation, detrending, and calculation of total and local BWV. To test imputation, missing data were simulated at random and using real patterns of missingness. A total of 10 imputation strategies were tested. Next, BWV was calculated using linear and nonlinear approaches, and the effects of missing data and data imputation on these estimates were investigated.

Results
Body weight imputation using structural modeling with Kalman smoothing or an exponentially weighted moving average provided the best agreement with observed values (root mean square error range 0.62%-0.64%). Imputation performance decreased with missingness and was similar between random and nonrandom simulations. Errors in BWV estimations from missing simulated data sets were low (2%-7% with 80% missing data or a mean of 67, SD 40.1 available body weights) compared with that of imputation strategies where errors were significantly greater, varying by imputation method.

Conclusions
The decision to impute body weight data depends on the purpose of the analysis. Directions for the best performing imputation methods are provided. For the purpose of estimating BWV, data imputation should not be conducted. Linear and nonlinear methods of estimating BWV provide reasonably accurate estimates under high proportions (80%) of missing data.
Mobile Phone Apps for Food Allergies or Intolerances in App Stores: Systematic Search and Quality Assessment Using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS)
Authors: Mandracchia Floriana , Llauradó Elisabet , Tarro Lucia , Valls Rosa Maria , Solà Rosa 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundFood allergies and intolerances are increasing worldwide, and mobile phone apps could be a promising tool for self-management of these issues.ObjectiveThis study aimed to systemically search and assess food allergy or intolerance apps in app stores using the multidimensional Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) to rate the objective and subjective quality and to identify critical points for future improvements.MethodsThis systematic search identified apps through the keywords “food allergy,” “food intolerance,” and “allergens” in English, Spanish, and Italian in the Apple App Store (iOS) and Google Play Store (Android). The inclusion criteria were a user star rating of ≥3 (of 5 stars) to limit the selection to the most highly rated apps; ≥1000 reviews as an indicator of reliability; and the most recent update performed up to 2017. Then, the apps were divided according to their purpose (searching for allergen-free “food products,” “restaurants,” or recipes in “meal planners”) and evaluated on a scale of 1 to 5 points using the MARS in terms of (1) app classification category with a descriptive aim; (2) app subjective and objective quality categories comprised of engagement, functionality, esthetics, and information sections (Medline was searched for eligible apps to check whether they had been tested in trials); and (3) an optional app-specific section. Furthermore, the output and input features were evaluated. Differences between MARS sections and between app purposes and correlations among MARS sections, star ratings, and numbers of reviews were evaluated.ResultsOf the 1376 apps identified, 14 were included: 12 related to food allergies and intolerances that detect 2-16 food allergens and 2 related only to gluten intolerance. The mean (SD) MARS scores (maximum 5 points) were 3.8 (SD 0.4) for objective quality, highlighting whether any app had been tested in trials; 3.5 (SD 0.6) for subjective quality; and 3.6 (SD 0.7) for the app-specific section. Therefore, a rating ≥3 points indicated overall acceptable quality. From the between-section comparison, engagement (mean 3.5, SD 0.6) obtained significantly lower scores than functionality (mean 4.1, SD 0.6), esthetics (mean 4, SD 0.5), and information (mean 3.8, SD 0.4). However, when the apps were compared by purpose, critical points were identified: meal planner apps showed significantly higher engagement (mean 4.1, SD 0.4) than food product (mean 3.0, SD 0.6; P=.05) and restaurant (mean 3.2, SD 0.3; P=.02) apps.ConclusionsIn this systematic search of food allergy or intolerance apps, acceptable MARS quality was identified, although the engagement section for food product and restaurant purpose apps should be improved and the included apps should be tested in trials. The critical points identified in this systematic search can help improve the innovativeness and applicability of future food allergy and intolerance apps.
Comparing Methods of Recruiting Spanish-Preferring Smokers in the United States: Findings from a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Medina-Ramirez Patricia , Calixte-Civil Patricia , Meltzer Lauren R , Brandon Karen O , Martinez Ursula , Sutton Steven K , Meade Cathy D , Byrne Margaret M , Brandon Thomas H , Simmons Vani N 
Published: June 2020

Background
There is a pressing need to address the unacceptable disparities and underrepresentation of racial and ethnic minority groups, including Hispanics or Latinxs, in smoking cessation trials.

Objective
Given the lack of research on recruitment strategies for this population, this study aims to assess effective recruitment methods based on enrollment and cost.

Methods
Recruitment and enrollment data were collected from a nationwide randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a Spanish-language smoking cessation intervention (N=1417). The effectiveness of each recruitment strategy was evaluated by computing the cost per participant (CPP), which is the ratio of direct cost over the number enrolled. More effective strategies yielded lower CPPs. Demographic and smoking-related characteristics of participants recruited via the two most effective strategies were also compared (n=1307).

Results
Facebook was the most effective method (CPP=US $74.12), followed by TV advertisements (CPP=US $191.31), whereas public bus interior card advertising was the least effective method (CPP=US $642.50). Participants recruited via Facebook had lower average age (P=.008) and had spent fewer years in the United States (P<.001). Among the participants recruited via Facebook, a greater percentage of individuals had at least a high school education (P<.001) and an annual income above US $10,000 (P<.001). In addition, a greater percentage of individuals were employed (P<.001) and foreign born (P=.003). In terms of subethnicity, among the subjects recruited via Facebook, a lower percentage of individuals were of Mexican origin (P<.001) and a greater percentage of individuals were of Central American (P=.02), South American (P=.01), and Cuban (P<.001) origin.

Conclusions
Facebook was the most effective method for recruiting Hispanic or Latinx smokers in the United States for this RCT. However, using multiple methods was necessary to recruit a more diverse sample of Spanish-preferring Hispanic or Latinx smokers.