bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parasite Fauna of the White-Streaked Grouper (Epinephelus ongus) from the Thousand Islands, Java, Indonesia
Authors: Koepper Svenja , Nuryati S. , Palm Harry Wilhelm , Theisen S. , Wild C. , Yulianto I. , Kleinertz S. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Fish parasites can cause diseases in humans and lead to commercial losses in fisheries and aquaculture. The objectives of this study were to analyze E. ongus’s parasite fauna regarding food safety and parasite transmission risk between Epinephelus species and test whether E.ongus populations can be distinguished by their parasite community.

Methods
We studied the metazoan parasite fauna of 30 white-streaked groupers Epinephelus ongus from the Thousand Islands, Java Sea, Indonesia, and compared the parasite community with specimens from Karimunjawa archipelago, Java Sea, from a former study. We used common fish parasitological methods for fish examination and parasite calculations.

Results
We found 12 metazoan parasite species, establishing five new host and five new locality records, increasing the known parasite fauna of E. ongus by 21%. No anisakid worms infected E. ongus. All but one (trematode Gyliauchen cf. nahaensis) species have been previously reported from Epinephelus. Parasite abundance of E. ongus differed significantly between the two regions.

Conclusions
Due to a certain degree of host specificity to groupers, there is potential risk of parasite transmission from E. ongus into groupers in mariculture or surrounding fishes, which increases (sea) food security related health risks from zoonotic parasites and calls for better monitoring and management plans for E. ongus. The regional separation of the Thousand Islands and Karimunjawa with different food availability and fish ecology causes different parasite abundances, distinguishing two separate E. ongus populations by their parasite fauna.
Corporate social responsibility in luxury contexts: potential pitfalls and how to overcome them
Authors: Sipilä Jenni , Alavi Sascha , Edinger-Schons Laura Marie , Dörfer Sabrina , Schmitz Christian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecent marketing research has identified mixed effects of luxury companies’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) engagement on customer-level outcomes. To gain a better understanding of these effects, we develop a conceptual framework in which we propose that, unless carefully implemented, CSR engagement leads to lower financial performance, decreased customer loyalty, and elevated extrinsic CSR attributions for luxury companies. These effects are exacerbated if consumers actively deliberate on the company’s CSR efforts. However, luxury companies can mitigate these pitfalls and reap the potential rewards of CSR engagement by (1) engaging in company-internal, especially employee-focused CSR instead of company-external, philanthropic CSR or (2) framing their brands as sustainable instead of exclusive. We find consistent support for our theorizing in five empirical studies. The results contribute to existing knowledge on stakeholder reactions to luxury brands’ CSR and can help managers successfully navigate the implementation of CSR in luxury contexts.
Unveiling cryptic diversity among Müllerian co-mimics: insights from the Western Palaearctic Syntomis moths (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae)
Authors: Chiocchio Andrea , Arduino Paola , Cianchi Rossella , Canestrelli Daniele , Zilli Alberto 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAccurate species delimitation is of primary importance in biodiversity assessments and in reconstructing patterns and processes in the diversification of life. However, the discovery of cryptic species in virtually all taxonomic groups unveiled significant gaps in our knowledge of biodiversity. Mimicry complexes are good candidates to source for cryptic species. Indeed, members of mimicry complexes undergo selective pressures on their habitus, which results in strong resemblance even between distantly related species. In this study, we used a multi-locus genetic approach to investigate the presence of cryptic diversity within a group of mimetic day-flying moths whose systematics has long been controversial, the Euro-AnatolianSyntomis. Results showed incongruence between species boundaries and the currently accepted taxonomy of this group. Both mitochondrial and nuclear markers indicate the presence of four, well-distinct genetic lineages. The genetic distance and time of divergence between the Balkan and Italian populations ofS. marjanaare the same as those found betweenS. phegeaandS. ragazzii, the last two being well-distinct, broadly sympatrically occurring species. The divergence between the two lineages ofS. marjanadates back to the Early Pleistocene, which coincided with substantial changes in climatic conditions and vegetation cover in Southern Europe that have likely induced geographic and ecological vicariance.Syntomispopulations belonging to the taxakruegeri(s. str.),albionicaandquerciiare now considered a separate species frommarjanas. str. and are thus distinguished asSyntomis querciiVerity, 1914,bona sp.,stat. nov. Our results show that the species richness of mimicry complexes inhabiting temperate regions might still be severely underestimated.
Randomized outlier detection with trees
Authors: Buschjäger Sebastian , Honysz Philipp-Jan , Morik Katharina 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIsolation forest (IF) is a popular outlier detection algorithm that isolates outlier observations from regular observations by building multiple random isolation trees. The average number of comparisons required to isolate a given observation can then be used as a measure of its outlierness. Multiple extensions of this approach have been proposed in the literature including the extended isolation forest (EIF) as well as the SCiForest. However, we find a lack of theoretical explanation on why IF, EIF, and SCiForest offer such good practical performance. In this paper, we present a theoretical framework that views these approaches from a distributional viewpoint. Using this viewpoint, we show that isolation-based approaches first accurately approximate the data distribution and then secondly approximate the coefficients of mixture components using the average path length. Using this framework, we derive the generalized isolation forest (GIF) that also trains random isolation trees, but combining them moves beyond using the average path length. That is, GIF splits the data into multiple sub-spaces by sampling random splits as do the original IF variants do and directly estimates the mixture coefficients of a mixture distribution to score the outlierness on entire regions of data. In an extensive evaluation, we compare GIF with 18 state-of-the-art outlier detection methods on 14 different datasets. We show that GIF outperforms three competing tree-based methods and has a competitive performance to other nearest-neighbor approaches while having a lower runtime. Last, we highlight a use-case study that uses GIF to detect transaction fraud in financial data.
Publication Selection Biases in Stated Preference Estimates of the Value of a Statistical Life
Authors: Masterman Clayton J. , Viscusi W. Kip 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article presents the first meta-analysis documenting the extent of publication selection biases in stated preference estimates of the value of a statistical life (VSL). Stated preference studies fail to overcome the publication biases that affect much of the VSL literature. Such biases account for approximately 90% of the mean value of published VSL estimates in this subset of the literature. The bias is greatest for the largest estimates, possibly because the high-income labor market and stated preference estimates from the USA serve as an anchor for the VSL in other higher income countries. Estimates from lower-income countries exhibit less bias but remain unreliable for benefit-cost analysis. Unlike labor market estimates of the VSL, there is no evidence that any subsample of VSL estimates is free of significant publication selection biases. Although stated preference studies often provide the most readily accessible country-specific VSL estimates, a preferable approach to monetizing mortality risk benefits is to draw on income-adjusted estimates from labor market studies in the USA that use Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries risk data. These estimates lack publication selection effects as well as the limitations that are endemic to stated preference methods.
Zircon U–Pb ages, geochemistry and Sr–Nd isotopes of the Golshekanan granitoid, Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic arc, Iran: evidence for partial melting of juvenile crust
Authors: Sarjoughian Fatemeh , Zahedi Bahareh , Azizi Hossein , Ling Wenli , Lentz David R. , Asahara Yoshihiro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Golshekanan granitoid body is situated in the central part of the Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic arc (UDMA) in central Iran, and includes granite and granodiorite with minor monzonite and diorite. Zircon U–Pb dating yields a late Eocene (Priabonian) crystallization age of 37.6 ± 0.2 Ma. The body is calc-alkaline and metaluminous to weakly peraluminous (A/CNK ≤ 1.10) with SiO2ranging from 61.1 to 71.5 wt% and MgO from 0.8 to 3.3 wt%, with Na2O + K2O of 4.0–8.5 wt%. Primitive mantle-normalized trace-element patterns display enrichments in the large-ion lithophile elements (LILE), such as Rb, Cs, Ba and K, and depletion from the high-field-strength elements (HFSEs), such as Nb, Ti, Ta and P. The rocks are enriched in LREEs relative to HREEs (average (La/Yb)CN= 4.3) and exhibit weak negative Eu anomalies (average Eu/Eu* = 0.75), revealing typical active continental margin arc affinity. The low initial87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.70440–0.70504) and notable positive ϵNd(t) values (+4.0 to +5.2) indicate an origin by partial melting of juvenile rocks in the lower crust, possibly with some involvement of sub-continental lithospheric mantle beneath Central Iran. These processes probably occurred due to the Neo-Tethys oceanic slab retreat and (or) rollback during late Eocene time.
Design and implementation of two surveys targeted at describing fouling communities and identifying non-native species within active ports
Authors: Holmes Samuel , Callaway Ruth 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPorts have long been considered ‘high-risk’ areas for the introduction of non-native species (NNS) and should therefore be a focus of NNS monitoring. The industrial nature of active ports can, however, provide various problems when attempting to carry out monitoring programmes. Current methodologies designed to identify NNS and to describe fouling communities have not been developed specifically for use in active ports and can encounter a number of issues when used in these environments. Here, two surveys were developed and trialled within an active port in South Wales, UK, designed to describe fouling communities, identify NNS and overcome some of the major limitations to conducting surveys within ports. Over a 6-month period, fouling communities dominated by solitary ascidians developed in each survey. Seven NNS were identified, mostly species already recorded in the 1950s, including the Mediterranean crab Brachynotus sexdentatus, and the more recently introduced Japanese skeleton shrimp Caprella mutica. Each survey was evaluated independently with respect to key factors, including the ability to detect NNS and practical aspects of using these survey methods in an applied context. We conclude that whilst each survey can function independently, the use of both survey types in conjunction offers the most robust solution to identifying NNS and describing wider fouling communities within active ports. This research has implications for the future monitoring and management of NNS within UK ports.
Mechanism Configuration and Innovation Control System Design for Power Cable Line Mobile Maintenance Robot
Authors: Jiang Wei , Ye Gao Cheng , Zou De Hua , Yan Yu 
Published: December 2020

SUMMARYHigh-voltage power cables are important channels for power transmission systems. Their special geographical environment and harsh natural environment can lead to many different faults. At present, such special operations in dangerous and harsh environments are performed manually, which not only has high labor intensity and low work efficiency but also has great personal safety risks. In order to solve such difficult problems, this paper studies the power maintenance robot for insulator string replacement, spacer replacement, damper and drainage plate maintenance; the basic configuration and the operation motion planning have been proposed; and the virtual prototype of the inspection maintenance robots has been developed, and then the mechanical structure of the robots has been optimized by the robot kinematics modeling and analyzed the working space based on the Monte Carlo method. The system platform, operation function, structural characteristics and related key technologies involved in the robot system development were systematically summarized; the deep integration point for the robot technology with big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and ubiquitous power Internet-of-Things technologies was also discussed. Finally, the physical prototype of the insulator replacement, drainage plate tightening, and damper replacement operation robot has been developed; several experimental tests on a 220 V live line have been conducted so as to verify the robot engineering practicality; and the main development and future research direction have also been pointed out at last.
Concerning publicized goods (or, the promiscuity of the public goods argument)
Authors: Baltzly Vaughn Bryan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractProponents of thepublic goods argument(‘PGA’) seek to ground the authority of the state on its putative indispensability as a means of providing public goods. But many of the things we take to be public goods – including many of the goods commonly invoked in support of the PGA – are actually what we might termpublicized goods. A publicized good is any whose ‘public’ character results only from a policy decision to make some (otherwise private) good freely and universally available. This fact poses complications for the PGA, insofar as the set of possible publicized goods is quite extensive indeed.
Identity and the Neoclassical Ideal in Martha Graham and Carlos Chávez'sDark Meadow
Authors: GIBSON CHRISTINA TAYLOR 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIf the ideal artistic collaboration is one of shared vision, open communication, and exquisite professionalism then Martha Graham and Carlos Chávez strayed far from it in the making ofDark Meadow(1946). As this article documents, their relationship was full of antagonism, misunderstanding, disdainful gossip, and regret on both sides. Three sources of conflict are examined: 1) a misunderstanding between the two collaborators on the meaning and utility of Greek allusions in art created conflicting aesthetic expectations for a dance with a plot derived from Greek mythology; 2) both artists defied the modernist community's expectations about how each of them should perform their gender identity as artists; and 3) similarly, the press's consistent Othering of Chávez in racist, nationalist terms was contagious, influencing Graham's beliefs about what Mexican music could or should be. Despite significant obstacles, Chávez and Graham produced a work that continues to represent the mid-century Modernist aesthetic.
The 2019–2020 Australian Drought and Bushfires Altered the Partitioning of Hydrological Fluxes
Authors: Kumar Sujay V. , Holmes Thomas , Andela Niels , Dharssi Imtiaz , Vinodkumar  , Hain Christopher , Peters‐Lidard Christa , Mahanama Sarith P. , Arsenault Kristi R. , Nie Wanshu , Getirana Augusto 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThough coarse in spatial resolution, the nearly all weather measurements from passive microwave sensors can help in improving the spatio‐temporal coverage of optical and thermal infrared sensors for monitoring vegetation changes on the land surface. This study demonstrates the use of vegetation optical depth (VOD) retrievals from the Soil Moisture Active Passive mission for capturing the vegetation alterations from the recent 2019 to 2020 Australian bushfires and drought. The impact of vegetation disturbances on terrestrial water budget is examined by assimilating the VOD retrievals into a dynamic phenology model. The results demonstrate that assimilating VOD observations lead to improved simulation of evapotranspiration, runoff, and soil moisture states. The study also demonstrates that the vegetation changes from the 2019 to 2020 Australian drought and fires led to significant modifications in the partitioning of evaporative and runoff fluxes, resulting in increased bare soil evaporation, reduced transpiration, and higher runoff.
Intra‐Annual Climate Anomalies in Northwestern North America Following the 1783–1784 CE Laki Eruption
Authors: Edwards Julie , Anchukaitis Kevin J. , Zambri Brian , Andreu‐Hayles Laia , Oelkers Rose , D'Arrigo Rosanne , von Arx Georg 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe 1783–1784 CE Laki eruption in Iceland was one of the largest, in terms of the mass of SO2 emitted, high‐latitude eruptions in the last millennium, but the seasonal and regional climate response was heterogeneous in space and time. Although the eruption did not begin until early June, tree‐ring maximum latewood density (MXD) reconstructions from Alaska suggest that the entire 1783 summer was extraordinarily cold. We use high‐resolution quantitative wood anatomy, climate model simulations, and proxy systems modeling to resolve the intra‐annual climate effects of the Laki eruption on temperatures over northwestern North America. We measured wood anatomical characteristics of white spruce (Picea glauca) trees from two northern Alaska sites. Earlywood cell characteristics of the 1783 ring are normal, while latewood cell wall thickness is significantly and anomalously reduced compared to non‐eruption years. Combined with complementary evidence from climate model experiments and proxy systems modeling, these features indicate an abrupt and premature cessation of cell wall thickening due to a rapid temperature decrease toward the end of the growing season. Reconstructions using conventional annual resolution MXD likely over‐estimate total growing season cooling in this year, while ring width fails to capture this abrupt late‐summer volcanic signal. Our study has implications not only for the interpretation of the climatic impacts of the Laki eruption in North America, but more broadly demonstrates the importance of timing and internal variability when comparing proxy temperature reconstructions and climate model simulations. It further demonstrates the value of developing cellular‐scale tree‐ring proxy measurements for paleoclimatology.
Comment on Dong and Ochsner (2018): “Soil Texture Often Exerts Stronger Influence Than Precipitation on Mesoscale Soil Moisture Patterns”
Authors: Jakobi J. , Huisman J. A. , Bogena H. R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn their study, Dong and Ochsner (2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR021692) used an extensive data set of 18 cosmic‐ray neutron rover surveys along a 150 km long transect on unpaved roads to assess the influence of precipitation and soil texture on mesoscale soil moisture patterns. Based on their analysis, they concluded that soil texture, represented by sand content, exerted a stronger influence on mesoscale soil moisture variability than precipitation, represented by the antecedent precipitation index, on 17 of the 18 survey days. However, we found that Dong and Ochsner (2018) made a mistake in their calculation of volumetric soil moisture. After correction, the validity of the original conclusions of Dong and Ochsner (2018) was considerably weakened, as soil texture exerted a stronger influence on soil moisture than precipitation on 12 of the 18 survey days only.
Loss of a pyoverdine secondary receptor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa results in a fitter strain suitable for population invasion
Authors: González Jaime , Salvador Manuel , Özkaya Özhan , Spick Matt , Reid Kate , Costa Catia , Bailey Melanie J , Rossa Claudio Avignone , Kümmerli Rolf , Jiménez José I 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The rapid emergence of antibiotic resistant bacterial pathogens constitutes a critical problem in healthcare and requires the development of novel treatments. Potential strategies include the exploitation of microbial social interactions based on public goods, which are produced at a fitness cost by cooperative microorganisms, but can be exploited by cheaters that do not produce these goods. Cheater invasion has been proposed as a ‘Trojan horse’ approach to infiltrate pathogen populations with strains deploying built-in weaknesses (e.g., sensitiveness to antibiotics). However, previous attempts have been often unsuccessful because population invasion by cheaters was prevented by various mechanisms including the presence of spatial structure (e.g., growth in biofilms), which limits the diffusion and exploitation of public goods. Here we followed an alternative approach and examined whether the manipulation of public good uptake and not its production could result in potential ‘Trojan horses’ suitable for population invasion. We focused on the siderophore pyoverdine produced by the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa MPAO1 and manipulated its uptake by deleting and/or overexpressing the pyoverdine primary (FpvA) and secondary (FpvB) receptors. We found that receptor synthesis feeds back on pyoverdine production and uptake rates, which led to strains with altered pyoverdine-associated costs and benefits. Moreover, we found that the receptor FpvB was advantageous under iron-limited conditions but revealed hidden costs in the presence of an antibiotic stressor (gentamicin). As a consequence, FpvB mutants became the fittest strain under gentamicin exposure, displacing the wildtype in liquid cultures, and in biofilms and during infections of the wax moth larvae Galleria mellonella, which both represent structured environments. Our findings reveal that an evolutionary trade-off associated with the costs and benefits of a versatile pyoverdine uptake strategy can be harnessed for devising a Trojan-horse candidate for medical interventions.