bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rate of Surgery and Baseline Characteristics Associated With Surgery Progression in Young Athletes With Prearthritic Hip Disorders
Authors: Collis Reid W. , McCullough Andrea B. , Ng Chris , Prather Heidi , Colditz Graham A. , Clohisy John C. , Cheng Abby L. 
Published: November 2020

Background: Prearthritic hip disorders (PAHD), such as femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), acetabular dysplasia, and acetabular labral tears, are a common cause of pain and dysfunction in adolescent and young adult athletes, and optimal patient-specific treatment has not been defined. Operative management is often recommended, but conservative management may be a reasonable approach for some athletes. Purpose: To identify (1) the relative rate of progression to surgery in self-reported competitive athletes versus nonathletes with PAHD and (2) baseline demographic, pain, and functional differences between athletes who proceeded versus those who did not proceed to surgery within 1 year of evaluation. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: An electronic medical record review was performed of middle school, high school, and college patients who were evaluated for PAHD at a single tertiary-care academic medical center between June 22, 2015, and May 1, 2018. Extracted variables included patients’ self-reported athlete status, decision to choose surgery within 1 year of evaluation, and baseline self-reported pain and functional scores on Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) domains, the Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS), and the modified Harris Hip Score. Results: Of 260 eligible patients (289 hips), 203 patients (78%; 227 hips) were athletes. Athletes were no more likely to choose surgery than nonathletes (130/227 hips [57%] vs 36/62 hips [58%]; relative risk [RR], 0.99 [95% CI, 0.78-1.25]). Among athletes, those who proceeded to surgery over conservative care were more likely to be female (81% vs 69%; RR, 1.34 [95% CI, 0.98-1.83]) and had more known imaging abnormalities (FAI: 82% vs 69%, RR, 1.47 [95% CI, 1.09-1.99]; dysplasia: 48% vs 27%, RR, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.16-1.79]; mixed deformity: 30% vs 10%, RR, 2.91 [95% CI, 1.53-5.54]; known labral tear: 84% vs 40%, RR, 2.79 [95% CI, 2.06-3.76]). Athletes who chose surgery also reported worse baseline hip-specific symptoms on all HOOS subscales (mean difference, 10.8-17.7; P < .01 for all). Conclusion: Similar to nonathletes, just over half of athletes with PAHD chose surgical management within 1 year of evaluation. Many competitive athletes with PAHD continued with conservative management and deferred surgery, but more structural hip pathology and worse hip-related baseline physical impairment were associated with the choice to pursue surgery.
Trends and opportunities in research on disability and work: An interdisciplinary perspective
Authors: Jurado-Caraballo M Ángeles , Quintana-García Cristina , Rodríguez-Fernández Mercedes 
Published: November 2020

This study aims to analyze status, trends, and possible future research areas in the literature on “disability and work.” It is an in-depth analysis of articles related to this field, published during 1991–2017, in journals included in the Science and Social Sciences Citation Index. Bibliometric methods helped to describe evolution in publications, the most representative contributors, methods applied, main concepts and theories, and topics explored (content analysis). A co-word analysis allowed to create knowledge maps on topics and identify potential venues for future research. The contribution is threefold. First, it contributes to knowledge advancement concerning disability in workplaces, opening new possibilities to discover important research areas. Second, it offers conceptual, theoretical, and methodological suggestions for future research. Third, it has practical implications related to inclusive strategies and initiatives in the workplace which human resource practitioners can use to promote the participation of workers with disabilities improving their labor experience.JEL CLASSIFICATION M14; J71; J140; I14
Female directors and corporate reputation
Authors: Navarro-García Juan Carlos , Ramón-Llorens M Camino , García-Meca Emma 
Published: November 2020

This article analyzes the relationship between female directors and corporate reputation with a Spanish sample for the period 2008–2017. We also examine two background characteristics of women directors: their busyness and their educational background, suggesting that differences can exist among women according to their level of success (measured by the number of directorships) and their education. Our analyses show that female directors improve corporate reputation, but that neither women with multiple directorships nor the educational background of female directors increases corporate reputation, perhaps because stakeholders appreciate general attributes associated with women rather than the cognitive attributes of females on boards. JEL CLASSIFICATION M14
Does Antibiotic Therapy Affect Time to Clearance in Post-Active Phase Streptococcal Guttate Psoriasis—A Case Control Study
Authors: Farrell Joshua , Stewart Thomas Jonathan , Rosen Robert Howard 
Published: November 2020

Background: The extent of the role of streptococcal infection in the pathogenesis of guttate psoriasis is still unclear. Data on the efficacy of antibiotic therapy in guttate psoriasis is limited, heterogeneous and conflicting. Objective: We sought to ascertain whether single-course oral antibiotic therapy affects time to skin clearance in acute post-active phase streptococcal guttate psoriasis. Methods: We performed a 5-year case-control study of ASOT-positive guttate psoriasis treated with or without single-course oral antibiotic therapy with 8-week follow-up. Results: There was no significant difference between cases and controls for time to clearance (χ2 = 0.92, p = 0.82). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that single-course oral antibiotic therapy may not provide any adjunctive therapeutic benefit in the treatment of acute post-active phase streptococcal guttate psoriasis.
Spectator medicine at an international mega sports event: Rugby World Cup 2019 in Japan
Authors: Tajima Takuya , Takazawa Yuji , Yamada Mutsuo , Moriya Takuro , Sato Haruhiko , Higashihara Junichiro , Toyama Yukimasa , Chosa Etsuo , Nakamura Akihiko , Kono Ichiro 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The Rugby World Cup (RWC) is one of the biggest international mega sports events in the world. This study was conducted to identify and evaluate the volume, nature, and severity of spectator medical care in the stadiums of 12 venues across Japan during RWC 2019.

Method
This was a retrospective review of medical records from spectator medical rooms of 45 official matches of RWC 2019 between September 20 and November 2, 2019. All patients in the stadium who visited the spectator medical room and were transferred to a hospital were included. The wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) value at the kick-off time of each match, the number of visits to the spectator medical room, and the number of transfers to a hospital were reviewed and analyzed. The patient presentation rate (PPR) was calculated per 10,000 attendees. Severity categories were defined as mild or severe. Mild cases were considered non-life threatening requiring minimal medical intervention, and severe cases required transport to a hospital.

Result
The total number of visits to the spectator medical room was 449 with a PPR of 2.63. Most cases (91.5%) were mild in severity. The PPR was significantly higher for the matches held with a WBGT over 25 °C than for the matches under 21 °C (PPR 4.27 vs 2.04, p = 0.04). Thirty-eight cases were transferred to a hospital by ambulance; the PPR was 0.22. The most common reasons for transfer to the hospital were heat illness and fracture/dislocation, at a rate of 15.8% each. The incidence rate of cardiopulmonary arrest per 10,000 attendees was 0.0059 during RWC 2019.

Conclusion
Preparation and provision of appropriate medical service for spectators is a key factor for mass-gathering events. During RWC 2019, the majority (91.5%) of patients who sought medical attention did so for minor complaints, which were easily assessed and managed. On the other hand, a higher WBGT situation contributes significantly to an increased PPR (< 21 versus > 25, 2.04 versus 4.27, p = 0.04). Careful medical preparation, management, and development of public education programs for higher WBGT situations will be required in the future for similar international mega sports events.
Crossed complete fused left to right renal ectopia with solitary left ureter: A rare ‘Case Report’
Authors: Kumawat Ghanshyam , Singla Mohit , Mehta Nishkarsh , Gupta Prashant , Yadav SS 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Crossed fused renal ectopia is a rare congenital anomaly where both the kidneys are fused and situated on one side and drain bilaterally into the urinary bladder. Rarely crossed fused ectopia can present with a single ureter draining ipsilaterally into the bladder, but here we are presenting for the first time a rare case of right crossed fused ectopia, where a solitary ureter crosses midline and drains contralaterally into the bladder.

Case presentation
A 19-year-old adolescent male patient presented with intermittent chronic right flank pain for 3 months. General physical and per abdominal examinations were normal. Computerized tomography (CT) urography showed right side crossed fused ectopic kidneys with a solitary ureter draining both the kidneys and opening into the left side of the urinary bladder. The patient was managed conservatively and is on regular follow-up.

Conclusion
Crossed complete renal fused ectopia with solitary contralateral ureteral is a rare case. Individualized case-based management is needed depending upon the symptoms, associated anomalies, and pathology. Reporting of all rare congenital cases will help in the future understanding and management of these conditions.
Regulatory effect of heat shock transcription factor-1 gene on heat shock proteins and its transcriptional regulation analysis in small abalone Haliotis diversicolor
Authors: Zhang Xin , Li Yuting , Sun Yulong , Guo Mingxing , Feng Jianjun , Wang Yilei , Zhang Ziping 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The effects of diverse stresses ultimately alter the structures and functions of proteins. As molecular chaperones, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a group of highly conserved proteins that help in the refolding of misfolded proteins and the elimination of irreversibly damaged proteins. They are mediated by a family of transcription factors called heat shock factors (HSFs). The small abalone Haliotis diversicolor is a species naturally distributed along the southern coast of China. In this study, the expression of HdHSF1 was inhibited by RNAi in hemocytes in order to further elucidate the regulatory roles of HdHSF1 on heat shock responsive genes in abalone. Meanwhile, to understand the transcriptional regulation of the HdHSF1 gene, the 5′-upstream regulatory region of HdHSF1 was characterized, and the relative promoter activity was examined by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay system in HEK293T cell lines.

Results
After the inhibition of the H. diversicolor HSF1 gene (HdHSF1) by dsRNA (double-stranded RNA), the expression of most heat shock related-genes was down-regulated (p < 0.05). It indicated the importance of HdHSF1 in the heat shock response of H. diversicolor. Meanwhile, 5′-flanking region sequence (2633 bp) of the HdHSF1 gene was cloned; it contained a putative core promoter region, TATA box, CAAT box, CpG island, and many transcription elements. In HEK293T cells, the 5′-flanking region sequence can drive expression of the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), proving its promoter function. Exposure of cells to the high-temperature (39 °C and 42 °C) resulted in the activation of HdHSF1 promoter activity, which may explain why the expression of the HdHSF1 gene participates in heat shock response. Luciferase activity of different recombinant plasmids, which contained different truncated promoter fragments of the HdHSF1 gene in HEK293T cells, revealed the possible active regions of the promoter. To further identify the binding site of the critical transcription factor in the region, an expression vector with the site-directed mutation was constructed. After being mutated on the GATA-1 binding site, we found that the luciferase activity was significantly increased, which suggested that the GATA-1 binding site has a certain weakening effect on the activity of the HdHSF1 promoter.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that GATA-1 may be one of the transcription factors of HdHSF1, and a possible signaling pathway mediated by HdHSF1 may exist in H. diversicolor to counteract the adverse effects of heat shock stress.
Comprehensive dissection into morpho-physiologic responses, ionomic homeostasis, and transcriptomic profiling reveals the systematic resistance of allotetraploid rapeseed to salinity
Authors: Feng Ying-na , Cui Jia-qian , Zhou Ting , Liu Ying , Yue Cai-peng , Huang Jin-yong , Hua Ying-peng 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Salinity severely inhibit crop growth, yield, and quality worldwide. Allotetraploid rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a major glycophyte oil crop, is susceptible to salinity. Understanding the physiological and molecular strategies of rapeseed salinity resistance is a promising and cost-effective strategy for developing highly resistant cultivars.

Results
First, early leaf senescence was identified and root system growth was inhibited in rapeseed plants under severe salinity conditions. Electron microscopic analysis revealed that 200 mM NaCl induced fewer leaf trichomes and stoma, cell plasmolysis, and chloroplast degradation. Primary and secondary metabolite assays showed that salinity led to an obviously increased anthocyanin, osmoregulatory substances, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, pectin, cellulose, reactive oxygen species, and antioxidant activity, and resulted in markedly decreased photosynthetic pigments, indoleacetic acid, cytokinin, gibberellin, and lignin. ICP-MS assisted ionomics showed that salinity significantly constrained the absorption of essential elements, including the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, mangnese, copper, zinc, and boron nutrients, and induced the increase in the sodium/potassium ratio. Genome-wide transcriptomics revealed that the differentially expressed genes were involved mainly in photosynthesis, stimulus response, hormone signal biosynthesis/transduction, and nutrient transport under salinity.

Conclusions
The high-resolution salt-responsive gene expression profiling helped the efficient characterization of central members regulating plant salinity resistance. These findings might enhance integrated comprehensive understanding of the morpho-physiologic and molecular responses to salinity and provide elite genetic resources for the genetic modification of salinity-resistant crop species.
The soybean gene GmHsp22.4 is involved in the resistance response to Meloidogyne javanica in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Hishinuma-Silva Suellen Mika , Lopes-Caitar Valéria Stefania , Nomura Rafael Bruno Guayato , Sercero Bruna Caroline , da Silva Aline Garcia , da Cruz Gallo De Carvalho Mayra Costa , de Oliveira Negrão Lopes Ivani , Dias Waldir Pereira , Marcelino-Guimarães Francismar Corrêa 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundSmall heat shock proteins (sHSPs) belong to the class of molecular chaperones that respond to biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. A previous study has showed strong induction of the gene GmHsp22.4 in response to the nematodeMeloidogyne javanicain a resistant soybean genotype, while repression in a susceptible one. This study aimed to investigate the functional involvement of this small chaperone in response toM. javanicainArabidopsis thaliana. First, it was evaluated the activation of the promoter region after the nematode inoculation, and the occurrence of polymorphisms between resistant and susceptible re-sequenced soybean accessions. Then functional analysis usingA. thalianalines overexpressing the soybean GmHsp22.4 gene, and knocked-out mutants were challenged withM. javanicainfestation.ResultsHigh expression levels of the GFP gene marker in transformedA. thalianaplants revealed that the promoter region of GmHsp22.4 was strongly activated after nematode inoculation. Moreover, the multiplication of the nematode was significantly reduced in plants overexpressing GmHsp22.4 gene inA. thalianacompared to the wild type. Additionally, the multiplication ofM. javanicain theA. thalianamutants was significantly increased mainly in the eventathsp22.0–2. This increase was not that evident in the eventathsp22.0–1, the one that preserved a portion of the promoter region, including the HSEs in the region around − 83 bp. However, structural analysis at sequence level among soybean resistant and susceptible genotypes did not detect any polymorphisms in the whole gene model.ConclusionsThe soybean chaperone GmHsp22.4 is involved in the defense response to root-knot nematodeM. javanicainA. thaliana. Specifically, the promoter region covering until − 191 from the transcriptional start site (TSS) is necessary to promoter activation after nematode infection in Arabidopsis. No polymorphisms that could explain these differences in the defense response were detected in the GmHsp22.4 gene between resistant and susceptible soybean genotypes. Therefore, further investigation is needed to elucidate the triggering factor of the plant’s defense mechanism, both at the sequence level of the soybean genotypes presenting contrasting reaction to root-knot nematode and by detecting cis-elements that are essential for the activation of the GmHsp22.4 gene promoter.
Initial results from a multi-center population-based cluster randomized trial of esophageal and gastric cancer screening in China
Authors: Zeng Hongmei , Sun Kexin , Cao Maomao , Zheng Rongshou , Sun Xibin , Liu Shuzheng , Zhang Zhiyi , Liu Yuqin , Guo Guizhou , Song Guohui , Zhu Yigong , Wu Xianghong , Song Bingbing , Liao Xianzhen , Chen Yanfang , Song Mingyang , Giovannucci Edward , Zhuang Guihua , Wei Wenqiang , Chen Wanqing , He Jie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
We initiated the first multi-center cluster randomized trial of endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer and gastric cancer in China. The objective of the study was to report the baseline screening findings in this trial.

Methods
We recruited a total of 345 eligible clusters from seven screening centers. In the intervention group, participants from high-risk areas were screened by endoscopy; in non-high-risk areas, high-risk individuals were identified using a questionnaire and advised for endoscopy. Lugol’s iodine staining in esophagus and indigo carmine dye in stomach were performed to aid in the diagnosis of suspicious lesions. The primary outcomes of this study were the detection rate (proportion of positive cases among individuals who underwent endoscopic screening) and early detection rate (the proportion of positive cases with stage 0/I among all positive cases).

Results
A total of 149,956 eligible subjects were included. The detection rate was 0.7% in esophagus and 0.8% in stomach, respectively. Compared with non-high-risk areas, the detection rates in high-risk areas were higher, both in esophagus (0.9% vs. 0.1%) and in stomach (0.9% vs. 0.3%). The same difference was found for early-detection rate (esophagus: 92.9% vs. 53.3%; stomach: 81.5% vs. 33.3%).

Conclusions
The diagnostic yield of both esophagus and stomach were higher in high-risk areas than in non-high-risk areas, even though in non-high-risk areas, only high-risk individuals were screened. Our study may provide important clues for evaluating and improving the effectiveness of upper-endoscopic screening in China.
Trial registration: Protocol Registration System in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-EOR-16008577. Registered 01 June 2016-Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx?proj=14372
Clinical and pathological findings of SARS-CoV-2 infection and concurrent IgA nephropathy: a case report
Authors: Huang Yi , Li Xiao-Juan , Li Yue-Qiang , Dai Wei , Shao Tiffany , Liu Wei-Yong , Han Min , Xu Gang , Liu Liu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Since the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, there is accumulating data on the clinical characteristics, treatment strategies and prognosis of COVID-19 in patients with concurrent renal disease. Postmortem investigations reveal renal involvement in COVID-19, and most recently, several biopsy researches reveal that acute tubular injury, as well as glomerular nephropathy such as collapsing glomerulopathy were common histological findings. However, to our best knowledge, there is limited data regarding IgA nephropathy in the setting of COVID-19.

Case presentation
In the present case, we report a 65-year old Chinese woman who presented with dark-colored urine, worsening proteinuria and decreased renal function after COVID-19 infection. She received a renal biopsy during COVID-19 infection. The renal biopsy revealed IgA nephropathy without any evidence for SARS-Cov-2. The findings suggest that the renal abnormalities were a consequence of exacerbation of this patient’s underlying glomerular disease after COVID-19 infection. After a regimen of 3-day course of glucocorticoid and angiotensin II receptor blocker therapy, the patient recovered and remained stable upon follow-up.

Conclusions
It is important to consider the underlying glomerular disease exacerbation as well as virus induced injury when dealing with renal abnormalities in patients with COVID-19. A kidney biopsy may be indicated to exclude a rapidly progressive glomerular disease.
Hyperacute relapse of Lewis-Sumner syndrome during influenza A (H1N1) virus infection
Authors: Ribeiro Luís , Monteiro Ana , Martins João 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Lewis-Sumner Syndrome (LSS) is considered an asymmetric sensory-motor variant of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP), mostly affecting the limbs distally, with electrophysiological evidence of multifocal motor conduction blocks. Cranial nerve involvement is present in a minority. Various well-known infectious agents, directly or via the host’s immune responses, may trigger or exacerbate acute and chronic peripheral neuropathies, which may manifest clinically through a multitude of signs and symptoms.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 57-year-old male with Lewis-Sumner Syndrome, whose clinical course was quite stable over many years. He developed severe hyperacute relapse of his neuropathic disease in the context of active pneumonia due to influenza A (H1N1) virus infection. During this exacerbation, besides the obvious worsening of the previous asymmetric limb involvement, the patient also manifested left peripheral facial palsy and dysphagia that rapidly evolved over minutes, mimicking a stroke. The patient also showed rapid recovery, with marked improvement of the acute neuropathic dysfunction, immediately after initiation of treatment with oseltamivir. Our hypothesis is that the direct modulation of Na + ion channel activity in the host’s peripheral nerve cell by H1N1 viral proteins could cause acute and potentially reversible dysfunction in the conduction of nerve action potentials. Direct viral neuritis could also have been the cause. Immunomodulatory agents, namely IVIg, were not administered due to the swift clinical improvement noticed in the following days.

Conclusions
We aim to raise awareness of the possibility of atypical neurological presentations of viral infections, especially relevant in the context of the pandemic the world is now facing.