bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation of functional diversity structure measured as combined species dominance, functional diversity, and functional redundancy in two taxa of ectoparasitic arthropods at two spatial scales: host-associated, ecological, and geographic effects
Authors: Krasnov Boris R. , Stanko Michal , Vinarski Maxim V. , Korallo-Vinarskaya Natalia P. , Khokhlova Irina S. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The functional diversity structure of a community can be represented as a combination of three additive components (species dominance D, functional redundancy R, and functional diversity Q) (DRQ approach in which different facets of functional differences between species are considered simultaneously). We applied this concept to assemblages of fleas and gamasid mites parasitic on small mammals at continental (across regions of the Palearctic) and regional (across sampling sites in Slovakia) scales and asked: What are the relative effects of host species, biome/habitat type, and geographic locality on the DRQ composition of a parasite assemblage? At the continental scale, regions were partitioned according to predominant biome or geographic position in a continental section. At the regional scale, sampling sites were partitioned according to habitat type or geographic locality. We tested for differences in the functional diversity structure (measured as the DRQ composition) of an ectoparasite assemblage (a) within a host species between biomes/habitat types or continental sections/localities and (b) between host species within a biome/habitat type or a continental section/locality. At both scales, the functional diversity structure of both flea and mite assemblages differed mainly between host species within a biome/habitat or geographic regions/locations, whereas differences in the DRQ composition between biomes/habitats or geographic regions/locations were only detected in a few host species. We compare our results with the results of earlier studies and conclude that the DRQ approach has an advantage over a single diversity metric and allows a better understanding of spatial variation in different facets of ectoparasite diversity.
The Prakhon Chai Hoard Debunked: Unravelling Six Decades of Myth, Misdirection, and Misidentification
Authors: Hanwong Tanongsak , Hanwong Lalita , Murphy Stephen A. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe so-called “Prakhon Chai Hoard” is one of Southeast Asia’s most infamous cases of looting. The story begins in 1964 when a cache of Buddhist bronzes from Northeast Thailand appeared on the international art market via the auction house Spink & Son, London. They quickly ended up in museums and private collections throughout the US and Europe. The exact findspot was unclear but soon became associated with an unidentified temple in Prakhon Chai district in Buriram province. The moniker “Prakhon Chai Hoard/bronzes” subsequently took hold, becoming commonplace in museum displays, dealer/auction house catalogs, and art historical discourse. However, in 2002, it was revealed the temple in question was Plai Bat II in Lahan Sai district.This article untangles the many myths and misunderstandings surrounding this act of looting. It does so by reviewing the extant literature in light of information revealed by criminal investigations into the late Douglas Latchford from 2012 onwards, and presenting conclusions drawn from our decade-long documentation of villager testimonies at Plai Bat II (2014–2024).
Evaluating seed longevity: use of RNA integrity to characterize variation within species of legume grains
Authors: Tetreault Hannah M. , Redden Robert J. , Fleming Margaret B. , Hill Lisa , Zingerman Zoe , Whitehouse Katherine , Norton Sally , Walters Christina 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSeed genebanks must maintain collections of healthy seeds and regenerate accessions before seed viability declines. Seed shelf life is often characterized at the species level; however, large, unexplained variation among genetic lines within a species can and does occur. This variation contributes to unreliable predictions of seed quality decline with storage time. To assess variation of seed longevity and aid in timing regeneration, ten varieties of pea (Pisum sativum L.), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus subsp. culinaris) from the Australian Grains Genebank were stored at moderate temperature (20°C) and moisture (7–11% water, relative humidity [RH] ~30%) and deterioration was assessed by yearly germination tests for 20 years. Decline in germination was fit to a sigmoidal model and the time corresponding to 50% germination (P50) was used to express seed longevity for each genetic line. The feasibility of using RNA fragmentation to assess changed seed health was measured using RNA integrity number (RIN) from RNA extracted from seeds that were stored for 13 and 20 years. Seed lots of legume grains that maintained high survival throughout the 20 years (i.e. they aged slower than other lines) had higher RIN than samples that degraded faster. RIN was lower in embryonic axes compared with cotyledons in the more deteriorated samples, perhaps indicating that axes exhibit symptoms of ageing sooner than cotyledons. Overall, RIN appears to be associated with longevity indicators of germination for these legumes and indicating that RIN decline can be used to assess ageing rate, which is needed to optimize viability monitoring.
A neuroethical approach to human life, identity, and liberty of schizophrenic patients
Authors: Carrara Alberto 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive neuroethical framework that seeks to deepen our understanding of human consciousness and free will, particularly in the context of psychiatric and neurological disorders. By integrating insights from neuroscience with philosophical reflections on freedom and personal identity, the paper examines how various states of consciousness from interoception to self-awareness influence an individual’s autonomy and decision-making capabilities. The discussion utilizes a multidimensional, bottom-up approach to explore how neurobiological processes underlie different levels of conscious experience and their corresponding types of freedom, such as “intero-freedom” related to internal bodily states and “self-freedom” associated with higher self-awareness. This stratification reveals the profound impact of neurological conditions on patients’ freedom of choice and the ethical implications therein. The insights gained from this analysis aim to inform more tailored and effective treatments for psychiatric patients, emphasizing the restoration of autonomy and respect for their inherent dignity. This work underscores the essential unity of the human person through the lens of neuroethics, advocating for healthcare policies that recognize and enhance the personal freedom of those with mental health challenges.
Optimizing organic muskmelon production by integrating mesotunnel row covers, inter-bed weed management, and pollination strategies
Authors: Pethybridge Sarah , Damann Kellie , Murphy Sean , Diggins Kaitlin R. , Gleason Mark L. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In New York, organic production of muskmelon (Cucumis melo) and other cucurbits is limited by pests, diseases, and weeds. Among the most important pests are striped (Acalymma vittatum) and spotted (Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi) cucumber beetles that cause damage through feeding. Cucumber beetles also transmit the bacterium, Erwinia tracheiphila, the causal agent of bacterial wilt. Mesotunnels are a modified row cover system consisting of nylon mesh netting supported by hoops approximately 1-m high, which have potential for incorporation into organic muskmelon production systems. The netting is an effective barrier for pests and insect-vectored diseases and also prevents insect-mediated pollination and in-season weed management in inter-bed areas. Two separate experiments were conducted in 2021 and 2022 to: (a) evaluate mesotunnels for organic muskmelon production and methods to control weeds in inter-bed areas (experiment 1), and (b) evaluate selected pollination treatments for integration into a mesotunnel production system (experiment 2). In experiment 1, there were four treatments: (i) landscape fabric in the inter-bed area with a mesotunnel, (ii) landscape fabric in the inter-bed area without a mesotunnel, and a (iii) ryegrass/white clover in the inter-bed area with a mesotunnel; or (iv) ryegrass cover crop in the inter-bed area with a mesotunnel. In experiment 1, mesotunnels significantly reduced cucumber beetle populations and bacterial wilt epidemic progress but did not affect the incidence of the foliar diseases, powdery mildew, or Alternaria leaf spot. In the mesotunnel and non-covered treatments, landscape fabric, applied for weed control between beds, resulted in greater fruit weight and more marketable fruit compared to mesotunnels with cover crops in the inter-bed area. In experiment 2, treatments were on/off/on (removal of netting during flowering followed by replacement), open ends (open ends during flowering), and a closed mesotunnel (with the insertion of a commercial bumblebee hive). Although the on/off/on treatment increased cucumber beetle populations and bacterial wilt epidemic progress compared to the open ends and closed treatments, it conferred significant yield benefits in both years. These findings emphasize the importance of systems-level analysis for evaluating the suitability of mesotunnels in organic muskmelon production.
Moculus: an immersive virtual reality system for mice incorporating stereo vision
Authors: Judák Linda , Dobos Gergely , Ócsai Katalin , Báthory Eszter , Szebik Huba , Tarján Balázs , Maák Pál , Szadai Zoltán , Takács István , Chiovini Balázs , Lőrincz Tibor , Szepesi Áron , Roska Botond , Szalay Gergely , Rózsa Balázs 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Due to technical roadblocks, it is unclear how visual circuits represent multiple features or how behaviorally relevant representations are selected for long-term memory. Here we developed Moculus, a head-mounted virtual reality platform for mice that covers the entire visual field, and allows binocular depth perception and full visual immersion. This controllable environment, with three-dimensional (3D) corridors and 3D objects, in combination with 3D acousto-optical imaging, affords rapid visual learning and the uncovering of circuit substrates in one measurement session. Both the control and reinforcement-associated visual cue coding neuronal assemblies are transiently expanded by reinforcement feedback to near-saturation levels. This increases computational capability and allows competition among assemblies that encode behaviorally relevant information. The coding assemblies form partially orthogonal and overlapping clusters centered around hub cells with higher and earlier ramp-like responses, as well as locally increased functional connectivity.
Neural dynamics of personality trait perception and interaction preferences
Authors: Weiß Martin , Paelecke Marko , Mussel Patrick , Hein Grit 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAccording to recent research, self-reported Big Five personality traits are associated with preferences for faces that are representative of certain Big Five traits. Previous research has primarily focused on either preference for distinct prototypical personality faces or the accuracy of trait ratings for these faces. However, the underlying neural correlates involved in the processing of prototypical personality faces are unknown. In the present study, we aim to bridge this gap by investigating whether participants’ Big Five personality traits predict preferences to interact with individuals represented by prototypical personality faces, as well as the neural processing of these facial features. Based on theoretical considerations and previous research, we focus on trait extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism, and corresponding prototypical faces. Participants were asked to classify prototypical faces as above or below average representative of a certain trait, and then provide an interaction preference rating while face-sensitive event-related potentials (N170 and late positive potential) were measured. In line with our hypotheses, the results showed an interaction preference for faces that were perceived as high (vs. low) extraverted and agreeable and low (vs. high) neurotic. In addition, the preference for agreeable faces interacted with personality characteristics of the perceiver: The higher a persons’ score on trait agreeableness, the higher the face preference ratings for both prototypical and perceived high agreeable faces. Analyses of ERP data showed that an increase in preference ratings for prototypical agreeable faces was paralleled by an increase of the late positive potential. Notably, the N170 did not show any neural signature of the hypothesized effects of personality faces. Together, these results highlight the importance of considering both perceiver characteristics as well as perceived features of an interaction partner when it comes to preference for social interaction.Protocol registration The stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on the 8th of May 2023. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/G8SCY.
A split intein and split luciferase-coupled system for detecting protein-protein interactions
Authors: Yao Zhong , Kim Jiyoon , Geng Betty , Chen Jinkun , Wong Victoria , Lyakisheva Anna , Snider Jamie , Dimlić Marina Rudan , Raić Sanda , Stagljar Igor 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Elucidation of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) represents one of the most important methods in biomedical research. Recently, PPIs have started to be exploited for drug discovery purposes and have thus attracted much attention from both the academic and pharmaceutical sectors. We previously developed a sensitive method, Split Intein-Mediated Protein Ligation (SIMPL), for detecting binary PPIs via irreversible splicing of the interacting proteins being investigated. Here, we incorporated tripart nanoluciferase (tNLuc) into the system, providing a luminescence signal which, in conjunction with homogenous liquid phase operation, improves the quantifiability and operability of the assay. Using a reference PPI set, we demonstrated an improvement in both sensitivity and specificity over the original SIMPL assay. Moreover, we designed the new SIMPL-tNLuc (‘SIMPL2’) platform with an inherent modularity allowing for flexible measurement of molecular modulators of target PPIs, including inhibitors, molecular glues and PROTACs. Our results demonstrate that SIMPL2 is a sensitive, cost- and labor-effective tool suitable for high-throughput screening (HTS) in both PPI mapping and drug discovery applications.
Palliative Care Training for Medical Speech-Language Pathologists: A Multiple-Baseline Design
Authors: Horvath Brittany McKee , Heape Amber , James Marissa 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
Current research supports favorable outcomes using online continuing education, and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) report a lack of training in palliative care. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of online palliative care training on the knowledge and comfort level of medical SLPs.

Method:
In the multiple-baseline across participants method, 10 medical SLPs completed online training modules provided by the Center to Advance Palliative Care. An electronic visual analog scale was used to collect knowledge and comfort ratings. Seven intervention modules were completed asynchronously with self-perceived knowledge and comfort measured following each session. A follow-up phase was used to determine whether the gains were maintained for 3 weeks after the intervention.

Results:
Nine of 10 participants experienced statistically significant improvements in knowledge, which were maintained through the follow-up phase. Eight of 10 participants demonstrated statistically significant improvements in comfort, which were maintained through the follow-up phase.

Conclusions:
To date, no other study has examined the effects of online palliative care training on medical SLPs. This investigation provides evidence that online, asynchronous continuing education for medical SLPs may improve their self-perceived knowledge and comfort in palliative care.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27964515
Variability in Stuttering Severity and Other Symptoms Across Three Fluency States
Authors: Brown Edward C. , Hedinger Tricia , Saltuklaroglu Tim 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
To quantify variability in external stuttering and other stuttering symptoms and reactions within adults who stutter (AWS) across three fluency states.

Method:
A total of 130 AWS responded to an online survey that first asked them to rate their external stuttering severity when least fluent (LF), most naturally fluent (MNF), and when using fluency shaping (FS) techniques using a 9-point semantic differential scale. Fourteen subsequent questions probed a wide range of stuttering symptoms and listener reactions in reference to each of the three states.

Results:
High intra- and interindividual variability was observed across all items probed. Within AWS, for 13 of 14 symptoms and reactions, LF was associated with the most negative ratings and MNF with the most positive ratings. FS ratings consistently fell between LF and MNF. Importantly, many symptoms continued to be prominently displayed even in the MNF state.

Conclusions:
Findings provide a unique view of intra-individual variability in stuttering symptoms in reference to external stuttering severity. In addition, these data highlight the costs and benefits associated with using FS. Other clinical implications are discussed.
Preparation and biological activity study of Ti13Nb13Zr surface nanotubes
Authors: Fan Xingping , Fan Wei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs a third‐generation titanium alloy, Ti13Nb13Zr is widely used in the field of biomedicine due to its advantages such as low elastic modulus, high strength, high toughness, high fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, and good biocompatibility. However, the biological inertness of Ti13Nb13Zr alloy limit their wide application as biomedical implant materials. In this study, the bioactive TiO2 nanotubes was prepared on Ti13Nb13Zr alloy by anodisation and heat treatment method. The bioactivity of Ti13Nb13Zr was evaluated by immersing the samples into the simulated body fluid for 20 days. Results show that the Ti13Nb13Zr alloy coated with anatase nanotubes has the superior ability of hydroxyapatite formation.
Optimal H‐infinity fuzzy control of chaotic synchronization cryptosystems: An NN‐based approach
Authors: Hsiao Feng‐Hsiag 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study combines the ElGamal encryption algorithm and chaotic synchronization to enhance security by means of double encryption techniques. The ElGamal encryption system is an asymmetric key encryption algorithm for the public key cryptography, based on the Diffie‐Hellman key exchange. With the rapid progress of science and technology, quantum computers are becoming universal, and due to their mighty computing power, traditional cryptosystems can be easily cracked; therefore, this study introduces a chaotic synchronization to prevent the security problems caused by quantum computers. Using the chaotic characteristics of disarray and irregularities as an auxiliary for encryption can enhance ElGamal security. Moreover, chaotic systems could be affected by external disturbances. Accordingly, this study focuses on fuzzy control for the optimal H∞ exponential synchronization of multiple time‐delay chaotic systems via the neural network‐based approach. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by an example with simulations.
Digital twin in the chemical industry: A review
Authors: Mane Samruddhi , Dhote Ritesh R. , Sinha Adityakumar , Thirumalaiswamy Raja 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAdopting digital twin technology in the chemical industry is reshaping process optimisation, operational efficiency, and safety management. By leveraging data from sensors and control systems, the digital twins provide actionable insights, enabling more precise control over chemical reactions, improved quality assurance, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, the ability to simulate “what‐if” scenarios accelerates the innovation cycle and supports compliance with stringent regulatory standards. This research article explores the implementation and impact of digital twins in chemical manufacturing environments. It examines how digital twins enable continuous monitoring and control by mirroring chemical processes, predicting equipment failures, and simulating complex reactions under various conditions. The study highlights the benefits of digital twins, including improved process efficiency, enhanced product quality, and reduced environmental and operational risks. The research also addresses challenges and limitations, such as data integration complexities and the need for high‐fidelity models. By providing a comprehensive analysis of current applications and future prospects, this paper aims to advance the understanding of digital twins' role in driving innovation and sustainability within the chemical industry.
Design, development and evaluation of registry software for upper limb disabilities
Authors: Moulaei Khadijeh , Sheikhtaheri Abbas , Haghdoost AliAkbar , Shahabi Nezhad Mansour , Bahaadinbeigy Kambiz 
Published: December 2024

AbstractUpper limb disabilities, if not managed, controlled and treated, significantly affect the physical and mental condition, daily activities and quality of life. Registries can help control and manage and even treat these disabilities by collecting clinical‐management data of upper limb disabilities. Therefore, the aim of this study is to design, develop and evaluate a registry system for upper limb disabilities in terms of usability. By having identified data elements in the exploratory phase, we developed our registry software using hypertext preprocessor (PHP) programming language in XAMPP software, version 8.1.10. The content and interface validity of the pre‐final version were assessed by 13 experts in the field of medical informatics and health information management. The registry has capabilities to create user profiles, record patient history, clinical records, independence in daily activities, mental health, and treatment processes. It can also generate statistical reports. Participants evaluated the registry's usability as “good” across different dimensions. The registry can help understand upper limb disabilities, improve care, reduce costs and errors, determine incidence and prevalence, evaluate prevention and treatment, and support research and policymaking. The registry can serve as a model for designing registries for other body disabilities.
„KI entwickelt sich schneller als jede andere Technologie in der Medizin“
Authors: Niklas Anke 
Published: December 2024

SummaryDiagnosen aus komplexen Daten erstellen, Therapieansätze virtuell testen, Arztbriefe verfassen, Fälschungen in der Forschung aufdecken. Wie Künstliche Intelligenz die Komplementärmedizin verbessern könnte, ohne menschliche Werte und Bedürfnisse einzubüßen.