bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitation of cytidine‐5′‐monophospho‐N‐acetylneuraminic acid in human leukocytes using LC–MS/MS: method development and validation
Authors: Fang Meng , Xu Xin , Zhang Michael , Shi Yifan , Gu Guodong , Liu Wanjing , Class Bradley , Ciccone Carla , Gahl William A. , Huizing Marjan , Carrillo Nuria , Wang Amy Q. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe biosynthesis of sialic acid (Neu5Ac) leads to the intracellular production of cytidine‐5′‐monophospho‐N‐acetylneuraminic acid (CMP‐Neu5Ac), the active sialic acid donor to nascent glycans (glycoproteins and glycolipids) in the Golgi. UDP‐N‐acetylglucosamine 2‐epimerase/N‐acetylmannosamine kinase myopathy is a rare autosomal recessive muscular disease characterized by progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. To quantify the intracellular levels of CMP‐Neu5Ac as well as N‐acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) and Neu5Ac in human leukocytes, we developed and validated robust liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry methods. A fit‐for‐purpose approach was implemented for method validation. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography was used to retain three hydrophilic analytes. The human leukocyte pellets were lysed and extracted in a methanol–water mixture and the leukocyte extract was used for LC–MS/MS analysis. The lower limits of quantitation for ManNAc, Neu5Ac and CMP‐Neu5Ac were 25.0, 25.0 and 10.0 ng/ml, respectively. These validated methods were applied to a clinical study.
Real‐world efficacy and potential mechanism of resistance of icotinib in Asian advanced non‐small cell lung cancer with EGFR uncommon mutations: A multi‐center study
Authors: Lei Lei , Wang Wen‐xian , Zhu You‐cai , Li Jin‐luan , Fang Yong , Wang Hong , Zhuang Wu , Zhang Yin‐bin , Wang Li‐ping , Fang Mei‐yu , Xu Chun‐wei , Wang Xiao‐jia , Lv Tang‐feng , Song Yong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe response to icotinib in advanced non‐small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) with EGFR uncommon mutation (EGFRum) is unclear. Here we reported the efficacy and potential resistance mechanism of icotinib in Chinese EGFRum NSCLC patients. Between July 2013 and November 2016, 3117 NSCLC patients were screened for EGFRum in a multi‐center study in China. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) was detected and analyzed using next‐generation sequencing (NGS) after progression from icotinib. The efficacy, safety and the potential resistance mechanism of icotinib were explored. After a median follow‐up of 6.2 months, 69 patients (70.41%) developed disease progression, the objective rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 13.27% and 29.59% respectively, and the median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 5.5 months (95% CI: 1.2‐13.0 months). Both complex‐pattern with EGFR classical mutations (EGFRcm) and single‐pattern have better PFS than complex‐pattern without EGFRcm (median PFS was 7.2 (95% CI: 4.65‐9.75), 5.2 (95% CI: 3.24‐7.16) and 3.2 (95% CI: 2.97‐3.44) months, respectively, P < .05); patients harboring S768I mutation had the worst PFS than others (2.0 months, P < .05). Diarrhea was the most frequent side effect (42.9%). Forty‐eight (69.6%) patients developed drug resistance after 3.0 months and 81.2% of them acquired T790M mutation. Better response was observed in complex‐pattern with the EGFRcm group. S768I mutation carriers may not benefit from icotinib. Acquired T790M mutation was common in icotinib‐resistant EGFRum NSCLC patients.
The diagnostic value of the ultrasound gray scale ratio for different sizes of thyroid nodules
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , Gao Ming , Hu Linfei , Zhu Jialin , Zhang Sheng , Wei Xi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAt present, hypoechogenicity, as one of the clinically relevant features associated with suspicion of malignant thyroid disease, is affected by the variability of modules and the experience of sonographers, thus leading to unsatisfying results. We propose the ultrasound gray scale ratio (UGSR) to obtain an objective, numerical estimate of the echogenicity degree in different‐sized thyroid nodules, and we then evaluate its diagnostic efficacy in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid lesions. In total, 553 ultrasound images of thyroid nodules from one kind of ultrasonographic scanner were analyzed, among which 281 were papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) and 272 were nodular goiters (NGs). The UGSR of the PTCs, NGs, and surrounding normal thyroid tissue was measured by image analysis software. The best cut‐off value for distinguishing various sizes of PTCs and NGs was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. As the UGSR increased, the sensitivity of the diagnosing PTCs decreased, and the specificity increased. When the maximum Jordan index was 0.611, the best cut‐off value was 0.692, and the corresponding sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing PTCs were 87.9% and 73.2%, respectively. For the analysis of subgroups of different tumor sizes, as the size of thyroid nodules increased from 0.3 to 2 cm, the sensitivity of the diagnosis of PTCs decreased from 97.5% to 58.8%, and the specificity increased from 72.4% to 90.9%. These results strongly suggest that the UGSR is an appropriate objective, numerical method for estimating the echogenicity degree and has various diagnostic efficacies in different‐sized thyroid nodules. Thus, the UGSR can be used as an additional ultrasound parameter in the diagnosis of different‐sized PTCs and NGs.
Association between PSA values and surveillance quality after prostate cancer surgery
Authors: Chapman Christina Hunter , Caram Megan E. V. , Radhakrishnan Archana , Tsodikov Alexander , Deville Curtiland , Burns Jennifer , Zaslavsky Alexander , Chang Michael , Leppert John T. , Hofer Timothy , Sales Anne E. , Hawley Sarah T. , Hollenbeck Brent K. , Skolarus Ted A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) testing is used for prostate cancer detection and posttreatment surveillance, thresholds in these settings differ. The screening cutoff of 4.0 ng/mL may be inappropriately used during postsurgery surveillance, where 0.2 ng/mL is typically used, creating missed opportunities for effective salvage radiation treatment. We performed a study to determine whether guideline concordance with annual postoperative PSA surveillance increases when PSA values exceed 4 ng/mL, which represents a screening threshold that is not relevant after surgery.MethodsWe used US Veterans Health Administration data to perform a retrospective longitudinal cohort study of men diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer from 2005 to 2008 who underwent radical prostatectomy. We used logistic regression to examine the association between postoperative PSA levels and receipt of an annual PSA test.ResultsAmong 10 400 men and 38 901 person‐years of follow‐up, annual guideline concordance decreased from 95% in year 1 to 79% in year 7. After adjustment, guideline concordance was lower for the youngest and oldest men, Black, and unmarried men. Guideline concordance significantly increased as PSA exceeded 4 ng/mL (adjusted odds ratio 2.20 PSA > 4‐6 ng/mL vs PSA > 1‐4 ng/mL, 95% confidence interval 1.20‐4.03;P = .01).ConclusionsGuideline concordance with prostate cancer surveillance increased when PSA values exceeded 4 ng/mL, suggesting a screening threshold not relevant after prostate cancer surgery, where 0.2 ng/mL is considered treatment failure, is impacting cancer surveillance quality. Clarification of PSA thresholds for early detection vs cancer surveillance, as well as emphasizing adherence for younger and Black men, appears warranted.
Efficacy of plaque debulking for bifurcated or ostial lesions by directional coronary atherectomy prior to second‐generation drug eluting stenting
Authors: Habara Maoto , Tsuchikane Etsuo , Nasu Kenya , Kinoshita Yoshihisa , Murata Akira , Suzuki Yoriyasu , Kawase Yoshiaki , Okubo Munenori , Matsuo Hitoshi , Suzuki Takahiko 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to evaluate the efficacy of plaque debulking by directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) prior to second‐generation drug‐eluting stent (DES) implantation for bifurcated coronary lesions.BackgroundPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for bifurcated lesions still remains complex and challenging in terms of restenosis or stent thrombosis regardless of whether simple or complex stenting is used.MethodsPatients with bifurcated lesions were enrolled in this prospective multicenter registry. Pre‐second‐generation DES plaque debulking with a novel DCA catheter (ATHEROCUT®, Nipro Co., Osaka, Japan) was conducted. All patients were scheduled to perform a follow up angiography (9–12 month coronary angiography or coronary computed tomography). The primary end point was target vessel failure (TVF) at follow up. Secondary end points were procedure‐related events and major adverse cardiac events at 1 year.ResultsA total of 77 patients with bifurcated lesions were enrolled. PCI with DCA was performed successfully in all cases without any major procedure‐related event and only one case required complex stenting. The TVF rate at 9–12 month follow up was 3.9% (3 of 77) and those were all associated with revascularization of the target vessel. Restenosis was only observed at the ostium of the main‐branch in three cases. No death, coronary artery bypass grafting, or myocardial infarction were reported for any patients within the first year.ConclusionDCA before second‐generation DES implantation can possibly avoid complex stenting and provide a good mid‐term outcome in patients with bifurcated lesions.
A hidden face of migration: Diabetic ketoacidosis in a severely malnourished refugee
Authors: Sap Suzanne , Wandji Nzebia Yanelle , Dohvoma Andin Viola , Hagbe Paule Yvette , Mbono Ritha , Fotang Tangmoh Irene , Koki Paul Olivier 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBesides violence, the risk of under nutrition and infection, migrant children with noncommunicable chronic diseases face serious challenges in the management of their conditions. Management of diabetic ketoacidosis in a severely malnourished patient includes careful hydration, therapeutic feeding, and monitoring.
Progressive edemas and generalized telangiectasia: A presentation of Intravascular B‐cell Lymphoma
Authors: Vásquez Johanna , Romero Vicente , Vilas Pedro , Serra-Rexach José Antonio , Vidán María T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntravascular B‐cell Lymphoma is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder with a none specific clinical presentation. The association of cutaneous telangiectasia‐like lesions and elevated inflammatory markers should be guaranteed a skin biopsy.
Nonpuerperal uterine inversion due to adenomyosis: A case report and a literature review
Authors: Merviel Philippe , Guilbert Sandrine , Abou Hassan Coline , Thomas‐Kergastel Isabelle , Conan‐Charlet Virginie , Marcorelles Pascale , Dupré Pierre‐François 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNonpuerperal uterine inversion is a very rare event. We reported on the first ever case of nonpuerperal uterine inversion due to adenomyosis. Magnetic resonance imaging is recommended in cases with an unusual vaginal mass, so that this possible uterine etiology can be taken into consideration.
Regeneration and expansion of autologous full‐thickness skin through a self‐propagating autologous skin graft technology
Authors: Patterson Charles W. , Stark Matthew , Sharma Silpa , Mundinger Gerhard S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNew autologous skin regeneration technology yielded full‐thickness skin as evidenced by clinical observation and skin biopsy 5 months after surgery, providing relief for debilitating split‐thickness skin graft contracture in a pediatric burn case.
Post‐synthetic Modification of DUT‐5‐based Metal Organic Frameworks for the Generation of Single‐site Catalysts and their Application in Selective Epoxidation Reactions
Authors: Yildiz Ceylan , Kutonova Ksenia , Oßwald Simon , Titze‐Alonso Alba , Bitzer Johannes , Bräse Stefan , Kleist Wolfgang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNew single‐site catalysts based on mixed‐linker metal‐organic frameworks with DUT‐5 structure, which contain immobilized Co2+, Mn2+ and Mn3+ complexes, have successfully been synthesized via post‐synthetic modification. 2,2’‐Bipyridine‐5,5’‐dicarboxylate linkers were directly metalated, while 2‐amino‐4,4’‐biphenyldicarboxylate linkers were post‐synthetically modified by their conversion to Schiff‐base ligands and a subsequent immobilization of the metal complexes. The resulting materials were used as catalysts in the selective epoxidation of trans‐stilbene and the activities and selectivities of the different catalysts were compared. The influence of various reaction parameters on conversion, yield and selectivity were investigated. Very low catalyst amounts of 0.02 mol % were sufficient to obtain a high conversion of trans‐stilbene using molecular oxygen from air as the oxidant. For cobalt‐containing MOF catalysts, conversions up to 90 % were observed and, thus, they were more active than their manganese‐containing counterparts. Recycling experiments and hot filtration tests proved that the reactions were mainly catalyzed via heterogeneous pathways.
Sulfonated Hyper‐cross‐linked Porous Polyacetylene Networks as Versatile Heterogeneous Acid Catalysts
Authors: Sekerová Lada , Březinová Pavlína , Do Thuy Tran , Vyskočilová Eliška , Krupka Jiří , Červený Libor , Havelková Lucie , Bashta Bogdana , Sedláček Jan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTwo highly sulfonated micro/mesoporous polymers, P(1,3‐DEB)‐SO3H and P(1,4‐DEB)‐SO3H, with permanent porosity, the specific surface area about 550 m2 ⋅ g−1 and the content of SO3H groups of 2.7 mmol ⋅ g−1 were prepared as new acid Porous Polymer Catalysts, PPCs. The PPCs were achieved by easy sulfonation of parent hyper‐cross‐linked micro/mesoporous polyacetylene‐type networks resulting from a chain‐growth homopolymerization of 1,3‐ and 1,4‐diethynylbenzenes. New PPCs are reported as highly active and reusable heterogeneous catalysts of esterification of fatty acids with methanol and ethanol, Prins cyclization of aldehydes with isoprenol and intramolecular Prins cyclization of citronellal to isopulegol. The catalytic activity of the micro/mesoporous PPCs (TON values up to 522 mol ⋅ mol−1) was higher than that of commercial polymer‐based heterogeneous catalyst Amberlyst 15 possessing gel texture without permanent pores and that of p‐toluenesulfonic acid applied as a homogeneous catalyst.
Tailoring the Photoelectrochemical Activity of TiO2 Electrodes by Multilayer Screen‐Printing
Authors: Günnemann Carsten , Curti Mariano , Gerrit Eckert J. , Schneider Jenny , Bahnemann Detlef W. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractScreen‐printing is a commonly used method for the preparation of photoelectrodes. Although previous studies have explored the effect of the number of printed layers on the efficiency of dye‐sensitized solar cells, its interplay with the photoelectrocatalytic properties of the electrodes has rarely been examined. This study focuses on this issue by studying the photoelectrocatalytic oxidation of methanol over TiO2 electrodes. Incident photon‐to‐current efficiencies reached 87 % at the optimal conditions of monochromatic (338 nm) irradiation of one‐layer films at 0.2 V vs NHE. However, the irradiation wavelength and applied bias strongly influenced the relative behavior of the films. For instance, at 0.5 V and 327 nm irradiation, the one‐layer electrode was 6 times more efficient than the four‐layer one, while at 385 nm the four‐layer electrode was 3.5 times more efficient. The results were explained on the basis of differing light absorption properties and charge carrier lifetimes. Modelling and quantification of the electron diffusion length (5.7 μm) helped to explain why the two‐layer electrode (4.89 μm thick) showed the most consistent efficiencies across all conditions. Complementarily, transient absorption spectroscopy was used to correlate the thicknesses with charge carrier lifetimes. Electron transfer to FTO was apparent only for the thinner electrode. Our work shows that the optimization of photoelectrocatalytic processes should include the number of layers as a key variable.
Metallopolymers as Nanostructured Solid‐State Platforms for Electrochemiluminescence Applications
Authors: Carrara Serena , Mauro Matteo , Hogan Conor F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractElectrochemiluminescence (ECL) is the process of light emission arising from an electrochemically generated excited state. ECL has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool for bioanalysis, in particular when phosphorescent transition metal complexes (TMCs) are used as emitters. Apart from molecular luminophores, there has been increasing interest in the use of both non‐conjugated and π‐conjugated metallopolymers over the last decade. Research efforts in this direction are driven by the appealing possibility to synergistically combine typical features of polymers, such as processability, with the enhanced photophysical and redox properties of several classes of TMCs. Indeed, solid‐state arrangements of ECL‐active metallopolymers enable their straightforward use as sensors with enhanced response. This concept article focuses on ECL‐active metallopolymers and their use in solid‐state platforms, providing a survey with relevant examples together with properties, mechanisms and proposed applications. Finally, the outlook for future applications across different research fields for these materials as well as their limitations for will be discussed.
Structure‐Dependent Guest Recognition with Flexible Ferrocene‐Based Aromatic Oligoamide β‐Sheet Mimics
Authors: Liu Ya‐Zhou , Wang Hu , Chan Chieh‐Kai , Mu Xiao , Robeyns Koen , Wang Cheng‐Chung , Singleton Michael L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA series of aromatic oligoamides incorporating an inherently flexible ferrocene dicarboxylic acid unit was synthesized. Solid state, solution, and computational studies on these systems indicated that the aromatic strands can adopt a syn parallel stacked conformation. This results in modular β‐sheet‐like molecular clefts that display structure‐dependent recognition of small polar molecules. NMR and theoretical studies of the host–guest interaction support an in cleft binding mode and allowed the selectivity of the oligomers to be rationalized on the basis of minor changes in functional‐group presentation on the edge of the aromatic strands.
Bivalent SMAC Mimetics for Treating Cancer by Antagonizing Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins
Authors: Zhu Hongping , Li Yi , Liu Yue , Han Bo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) inhibit caspase activity, allowing various cancers to reduce programmed cell death (apoptosis) and resist drug treatment. The second mitochondrial‐derived activator of caspases (SMAC) protein is an endogenous IAP antagonist, which can be considered as a potential anticancer therapy. Small‐molecule SMAC mimetics based on the Ala‐Val‐Pro‐Ile motif have been validated as potent IAP antagonists. In particular, most bivalent SMAC mimetics, which target both the baculovirus IAP repeat 2 (BIR2) and BIR3 domains in X‐linked IAP (XIAP), antagonize IAPs better than the corresponding monovalent mimetics. Here we focus on strategies for designing bivalent small‐molecule SMAC mimetics and progress in using them to antagonize IAPs. We also consider their clinical potential. Our discussion will hopefully help guide further study of these interesting mimetics.
Potential Therapeutic Effects of Mg/HCOOH Metal Organic Framework on Relieving Osteoarthritis
Authors: Li Zhen , Peng Ying , Pang Xiangchao , Tang Bin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study was designed to explore the potential therapeutic effects of Mg‐based metal organic frameworks (MOFs) in osteoarthritis (OA) and to broaden the application field of MOFs. Mg/HCOOH−MOF was introduced and characterized by using SEM, XRD, TGA, and FTIR. ICP‐MS results proved that Mg/HCOOH−MOF is stable in various physiological media and can maintain the release of Mg2+ ions for a long time. In vitro experiments were carried out to evaluate its potential application in attenuating OA. Mg/HCOOH−MOF was successfully synthesized, and results of MTT assays showed that it is biocompatible and can promote cell proliferation. qPCR results suggested that it can significantly regulate the expression of OCN, Axin2, iNOS and IL‐1β, which indicated its activity in anti‐inflammation and bone protection. We believe that Mg/HCOOH−MOF could benefit OA therapy.
Diffuse reflectance behavior of the printed cotton/nylon blend fabrics treated with zirconium and cerium dioxide and citric acid in near‐ and short‐wave IR radiation spectral ranges
Authors: Siadat Seyedeh Ameneh , Mokhtari Javad 
Published: November 2019

AbstractNear‐ and short‐wave IR emission spectra of printed cotton/nylon blend fabrics coated with inorganic compounds in order to tune their diffuse reflectance behavior to the ones with woodland and desert backgrounds are investigated. In this regard, cotton/nylon blend fabrics printed with a four‐color digital pattern were used as the substrate, and different concentrations of zirconium and cerium dioxide (ZrO2 and CeO2) with and without citric acid as a cross‐linker were loaded on these fabrics using the pad‐dry‐cure method. The diffuse reflectance of the coated fabrics with various concentrations of nanoparticles and a cross‐linker was first measured by near‐infrared (NIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Then, fabrics with an optimum concentration of nanoparticles and appropriate reflectivity profiles similar to woodland and desert were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), energy‐dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), washing, and rubbing fastness properties. In general, NIR and short‐wave infrared (SWIR) reflectance of fabrics coated with ZrO2 and CeO2 nanoparticles in range of 1% to 1.5% (w/v [%]) was suitable for matching with different environments. According to the findings obtained from the durability test, it was concluded that the washing fastness of the treated fabrics with CeO2 nanoparticles was excellent in both environments. FE‐SEM images of the treated fabrics containing ZrO2 and CeO2 indicated that the presence of nanoparticles on the surface of fabrics in woodland patterns was greater than the desert ones. However, the coated fabrics with CeO2 and citric acid in the woodland pattern have shown better dispersion with a mean particle size of 30 to 60 nm.
Cognitive cryptography for data security in cloud computing
Authors: Ogiela Urszula 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThis paper presents new approach for creation of advanced multilevel user authentication protocols using hybrid CAPTCHA codes. Such codes will define a new class of cognitive CAPTCHAs, which, during verification, require from users special skills and knowledge, which is necessary for proper authentication. This way of authentication may be oriented for providing data access only for a special group of experts or trusted users who represent particular expertise areas and have special perception abilities and knowledge. For presented authentication protocols, possible examples of applications will be presented, and security features will be described. Presented innovative verification codes will considerably expand the existed security protocols toward the creation of cognitive‐based approaches oriented for user authentication. Such approaches define novel classes of cryptographic procedures, which can use personal features and perception skills.