bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Outcome of Postmenopausal Women With Proliferative Endometrium on Endometrial Sampling
Authors: Rotenberg Ohad , Doulaveris Georgios , Fridman Dmitry , Renz Malte , Kaplan Julie , Xie Xianhong , Goldberg Gary L. , Dar Pe'er 
Published: November 2020

(Abstracted from Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020; doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.06.045)
The most common gynecologic malignancy is endometrial cancer. Endometrial hyperplasia (EH) is associated with increased risk of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women.
Risk of Cerebral Palsy by Gestational Age Among Pregnancies At-Risk for Preterm Birth
Authors: Smith Devin D. , Sagaram Deepika , Miller Russell , Gyamfi-Bannerman Cynthia 
Published: November 2020

(Abstracted from J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020;33:2059–2063)
Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the long-term developmental risks of preterm birth, occurring in approximately 1 to 2 of 1000 births. An increased risk of CP has been associated with lower gestational age (GA), and many studies have been conducted to elucidate this relationship.
Apgar Score and Risk of Neonatal Death Among Preterm Infants
Authors: Cnattingius Sven , Johansson Stefan , Razaz Neda 
Published: November 2020

(Abstracted from N Engl J Med 2020;383:49–57)
Preterm birth, defined as birth ≤36 weeks' gestational age (GA), is the main cause of neonatal death, although numerous other factors can affect this risk. For example, studies have shown that very preterm infants (infants born at ≤31 weeks' gestation) have a lower risk of neonatal death if they have a normal birth weight, are female, receive antenatal corticosteroids, and have a high 5-minute Apgar score.
Feasibility of Ultra-Rapid Exome Sequencing in Critically Ill Infants and Children With Suspected Monogenic Conditions in the Australian Public Health Care System
Authors: Lunke Sebastian , Eggers Stefanie , Wilson Meredith , Patel Chirag , Barnett Christopher P. , Pinner Jason , Sandaradura Sarah A. , Buckley Michael F. , Krzesinski Emma I. , de Silva Michelle G. , Brett Gemma R. , Boggs Kirsten , Mowat David , Kirk Edwin P. , Adès Lesley C. , Akesson Lauren S. , Amor David J. , Ayres Samantha , Baxendale Anne , Borrie Sarah , Bray Alessandra , Brown Natasha J. , Chan Cheng Yee , Chong Belinda , Cliffe Corrina , Delatycki Martin B. , Edwards Matthew , Elakis George , Fahey Michael C. , Fennell Andrew , Fowles Lindsay , Gallacher Lyndon , Higgins Megan , Howell Katherine B. , Hunt Lauren , Hunter Matthew F. , Jones Kristi J. , King Sarah , Kumble Smitha , Lang Sarah , Le Moing Maelle , Ma Alan , Phelan Dean , Quinn Michael C. J. , Richards Anna , Richmond Christopher M. , Riseley Jessica , Rodgers Jonathan , Sachdev Rani , Sadedin Simon , Schlapbach Luregn J. , Smith Janine , Springer Amanda , Tan Natalie B. , Tan Tiong Y. , Temple Suzanna L. , Theda Christiane , Vasudevan Anand , White Susan M. , Yeung Alison , Zhu Ying , Martyn Melissa , Best Stephanie , Roscioli Tony , Christodoulou John , Stark Zornitza 
Published: November 2020

(Abstracted from JAMA 2020;323(24):2503–2511)
Multiple studies have shown that genomic testing has a high diagnostic yield and an impact on clinical management for patients with suspected genetic conditions. Therefore, there has been a push worldwide to apply rapid genomic sequencing in critically ill neonatal and pediatric patients.
Inclusion of Olecranon Osteotomy With the Posterior Approach for Fixation of Distal Humerus Fractures (OTA/AO 13) Does Not Increase Surgical Complications
Authors: Wilson Erin S. , Buckwalter Joseph A. , Henning Grant , Davison John , Fleury Ignacio G. , Willey Michael C. 
Published: November 2020

Objectives:
To determine if inclusion of an olecranon osteotomy to the posterior paratricipital approach for operative fixation of distal humerus fractures significantly affects surgical complication rates (OTA/AO 13).

Design:
Retrospective comparative cohort study.

Setting:
Level 1 trauma center.

Patients/Participants:
Three hundred four patients underwent open reduction internal fixation of a distal humerus fracture between 2007 and 2017. Of those, 134 met inclusion criteria (≥15 years, OTA/AO fracture type 13A, B, or C, and posterior surgical approach) for the study (n = 64 with olecranon osteotomy; n = 70 without olecranon osteotomy).

Intervention:
Open reduction internal fixation of distal humerus fractures performed using a posterior paratricipital approach with or without olecranon osteotomy.

Main Outcome Measure:
Ulnar neuropathy (UN), fracture site bony nonunion, and surgical site infection (SSI).

Results:
Thirty-one (33.3%) who underwent the paratricipital approach without olecranon osteotomy, and 15 patients (26.8%) who underwent olecranon osteotomy reported postoperative UN with no significant difference between approaches (P = 0.438). There was no significant difference in rates of SSI (P = 0.418) or fracture site nonunion (P = 0.263) when comparing the approaches. Subjects with Charlson comorbidity index ≥2 were more likely to not undergo an olecranon osteotomy (P = 0.01), whereas subjects with more complex fractures by OTA/AO classification were more likely to have an olecranon osteotomy approach (P = 0.001).

Conclusions:
Addition of an olecranon osteotomy with the paratricipital approach for fixation of distal humerus fractures does not result in higher rates of UN, fracture site nonunion, or SSI.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Can You Believe Your Patients If They Say They Have Quit Smoking?
Authors: Matuszewski Paul E. , Raffetto Michael , Joseph Katherine , O'Toole Robert V. 
Published: November 2020

Objectives:
To determine the reliability of self-reported smoking status in the orthopaedic trauma population and determine if certain patient factors might predispose inaccurate self-reported smoking cessation.

Design:
Prospective.

Setting:
Level I trauma center.

Patients:
Two hundred forty-seven orthopaedic trauma patients were included in the study.

Intervention:
In-office measurement of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO).

Main Outcome Measurements:
Self-reported smoking cessation with exhaled CO measurements.

Results:
A total of 906 self-reported surveys were completed over 4 follow-up visits. Of the responses indicating smoking cessation (n = 174), 12.6% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.081–0.185] reported smoking cessation with positive CO readings, suggesting inaccurate self-reporting of smoking status. Over 20% of those patients inaccurately reporting abstinence did so more than once. The odds of inaccurate self-reporting was 3 times higher in patients with no insurance or government insurance [odds ratio (OR), 3.5; 95% CI, 1.1–11.0; P = 0.043] and in the unemployed (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 0.97–8.57; P = 0.049).

Conclusions:
Self-reported smoking status in the orthopaedic population is fairly reliable, with 13% of patient's inaccurately self-reporting smoking cessation despite knowing their smoking status was being measured. Clinicians should be aware of the potential for inaccuracy in self-reported smoking cessation, particularly in patients with the identified socioeconomic factors. Point-of-care testing before elective trauma procedures to confirm smoking status might have a role if the procedure outcome is highly dependent on smoking status.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
An International Study Exploring the Experience of Survivors of Critical Illness as Volunteers Within ICU Recovery Services
Authors: Robinson Carly , Hibbert Elizabeth , Bastin Anthony J. , Meyer Joel , Montgomery-Yates Ashley , Quasim Tara , Slack Andrew , Mikkelsen Mark E. , Iwashyna Theodore J. , Haines Kimberley J. , Sevin Carla M. , McPeake Joanne , Boehm Leanne M. 
Published: November 2020

Objectives:
Many clinicians have implemented follow-up and aftercare to support patients following ICU. Some of this care is supported and facilitated by peer volunteers. There is limited contemporary work that has explicitly explored volunteer roles within ICU recovery services or the experience of volunteers undertaking these roles. We sought to explore the experience of survivors of critical illness, as volunteers, involved in ICU recovery services and understand their motivation for undertaking these roles.

Design:
Qualitative exploration using in-depth semistructured interviews. The study design used an inductive content analysis process. We also documented the roles that were adopted by volunteers in each site involved in the study.

Setting:
Patients and caregivers were sampled from seven sites across three continents.

Patients and Subjects:
Patients and caregivers who had adopted peer-volunteering roles were undertaken.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Twelve patient and caregiver peer volunteers were interviewed. Four key themes were identified. These themes related to the experience of volunteers within ICU recovery services and their motivation for undertaking these roles: 1) self-belief and acceptance, 2) developing peer support, 3) social roles and a sense of purpose, and 4) giving back. Overwhelmingly, participants were positive about the role of the volunteer in the critical care setting.

Conclusions:
Peer volunteers undertake a variety of roles in ICU recovery services and during recovery more generally. These roles appear to be of direct benefit to those in these roles. Future research is needed to develop these roles and fully understand the potential impact on the service, including the impact on other patients.
Variability of anesthetic depth in total intravenous anesthesia vs balanced anesthesia using entropy indices: a randomized, crossover, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Oliveros Henry , Ríos Fernando , Botero-Rosas Daniel A. , Quiroga Sandra C. , Cifuentes Freddy C. , Rodríguez Gloria A. , Morales María P. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and balanced anesthesia (BA) are the most commonly used anesthetic techniques. The differences are the variability of the depth of anesthesia between these techniques that might predict which one is safer for patients and presents a lower risk of intraoperative awakening.
Objective: To determine whether a difference exists in the variability of depth of anesthesia obtained by response entropy (RE).
Methods: A crossover clinical trial was conducted on 20 healthy patients receiving upper or lower limb ambulatory orthopedic surgery. Patients were randomly assigned to (a) target-controlled infusion of propofol using the Schnider model at a target concentration of 2.5mg/mL for 15minutes and a 10-minute washout, followed by sevoflurane administration at 0.8 minimal alveolar concentration (MAC) for the reminder of the surgery, or (b) the reverse sequence. Differences in the variability of the depth of anesthesia using RE were evaluated using paired t test.
Results: The treatment effect showed no significant difference in the average values of RE, during TIVA=97.23 vs BA 97.04 (P=0.39). Carry Over (-4.98 vs 4.08) and Period (100.3 vs 94.68) effects were not significantly different.
Conclusion: The present study suggests that both anesthetic techniques are equivalent in terms of the stability of the depth of anesthesia. It is important to keep testing the determinants of the efficacy of different populations because the individual behaviors of patients might ultimately tip the scale.
Older Adult Alcohol Use in Relation to Cognition: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Mochrie Kirk D. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTObjectives:Substance use in the older adult population is expected to dramatically increase over the next decade as baby-boomers age. Of marked concern, are the cognitive effects of alcohol use and how these may manifest differently among older compared to younger adults. The present study evaluated the relationship of alcohol use among older adults to working memory and attention by assessing cognitive task performance on the Operation Span (OSPAN) and Simon tasks.Methods:Participants included 94 community dwelling older adults between the ages of 55 and 85 (females = 54), predominately Caucasian and well educated, recruited from southeastern US.Results:Approximately 89% of the sample reported drinking at least once in the past 90 days, and 29.0% reported drinking every day in the past 90. Frequency of drinking did not correlate with task performance on any of the cognitive measures. Alcohol use increased with age in this sample, contrary to prior findings. Females scored higher than males on both measures of the OSPAN. Also, participants reported more alcohol-related negative consequences over the lifetime, as their drinking frequency increased.Conclusions:Further research is required to determine under what circumstances alcohol may produce a cognitive decrement. Clinical and research implications are discussed.Objectifs:La consommation de substances chez les adultes plus âgés devrait augmenter considérablement au cours de la prochaine décennie à mesure que les baby-boomers vieilliront. Les effets cognitifs de la consommation d’alcool et la façon dont ils peuvent se manifester différemment chez les adultes plus âgés sont particulièrement préoccupants. La présente étude a évalué la relation entre la consommation d’alcool chez les personnes âgées et la mémoire de travail et l’attention en évaluant la performance des tâches cognitives sur les tâches OSPAN et Simon.Méthodes:Les participants comprenaient 94 adultes âgés de 55 à 85 ans vivant dans la communauté (femmes = 54), principalement de race blanche et bien éduqués, recrutés dans le sud-est des États-Unis.Résultats:Environ 89% de l’échantillon ont déclaré avoir bu au moins une fois au cours des 90 derniers jours, et 29,0% ont déclaré avoir bu chaque jour au cours des 90 derniers. La consommation d’alcool augmentait avec l’âge dans cet échantillon, contrairement aux résultats antérieurs. Les femmes ont obtenu des scores plus élevés que les hommes sur les deux mesures de l’OSPAN. De plus, les participants ont signalé plus de conséquences négatives liées à l’alcool au cours de leur vie si leur fréquence de consommation augmentait.Conclusions:Des recherches supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour déterminer dans quelles circonstances l’alcool peut entraîner une diminution cognitive. Les implications cliniques et de recherche sont discutées.
Neuroendocrine Differentiation of Skin Tumors: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Hamie Lamiaa , Abbas Ossama , Bhawan Jag 
Published: November 2020

Abstract:Neuroendocrine differentiation is characterized by endocrine and neuronal features with prominent dense secretory granules and neuropeptides. Neuroendocrine differentiation of skin tumors is of unknown clinical significance. Nonetheless, the acknowledgment of this line of differentiation is important to prevent diagnostic pitfalls and subsequent inappropriate management. This review aims at summarizing the skin neoplasms that can express neuroendocrine markers.
Overview of Ventricular Assist Devices and the Total Artificial Heart
Authors: Presti Carmen Rosa , Crenshaw Nichole A. 
Published: November 2020

Background
Patients with isolated left ventricular failure may have positive outcomes after being implanted with a left ventricular assist device. Unfortunately, almost half of patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction also have evidence of right ventricular dysfunction. For a subset of this population with severe biventricular failure, or those who develop right ventricular dysfunction after left ventricular assist device implantation, patients may necessitate biventricular assist devices or the total artificial heart.

Objectives
This overview of mechanical circulatory support devices will enhance nurses' ability to differentiate criteria for implantation, current practice, and outcomes with a focus on durable ventricular assist devices and the total artificial heart.

Methods
A review of the literature involved searching CINAHL and PubMed databases using keywords biventricular assist devices, total artificial heart, and durable mechanical circulatory support. Results were narrowed to articles based on adults, 18 years or older. Seventy-eight relevant articles were identified, and 8 articles compared the durable biventricular assist devices.

Results
Similar patient outcomes were found when comparing the use of left ventricular assist devices as biventricular support versus the total artificial heart.

Discussion
The decision to implant the appropriate durable mechanical circulatory support for a patient in biventricular failure is complex and dependent on patient factors.
Reimagining Ambulatory Care as a Key to Population Health
Authors: Allen Robert W. 
Published: November 2020

SUMMARY
Ambulatory care is a key to achieving better population health—not traditional ambulatory (outpatient) care, but rather ambulatory care reimagined. Ambulatory care is so vital that we at Intermountain Healthcare redesigned our entire organization to prioritize it and give it the attention it deserves.
Historically, outpatient care was a point of access that connected many patients with specialty care, where hospitals made their money. Doctors in private practices referred their patients to the hospitals with which they were affiliated, and that arrangement provided the hospitals with a stream of patients on which they relied financially. Today, ambulatory care plays an entirely different role in the context of population health. Healthcare providers are paid a flat fee per person and gain a benefit when people stay healthy. In this new context, ambulatory care is a mechanism to get ahead of health problems and avoid more extensive treatments.
This change then begs a question: How do healthcare providers support their essential services if ambulatory care is working to reduce the stream of patients to hospitals? The answer has three parts, and it is the reason we redesigned Intermountain Healthcare and began to roll out a series of new products and initiatives to implement that redesign.
Evaluating Negative Attributions in Persons With Brain Injury: A Comparison of 2 Measures
Authors: Neumann Dawn , Sander Angelle M. , Witwer Noelle , Jang Jeong Hoon , Bhamidipalli Surya Sruthi , Hammond Flora M. 
Published: November 2020

Objectives:
To compare construct and predictive validity, readability, and time-to-administer of 2 negative attribution measures in participants with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Setting:
Two TBI rehabilitation hospitals.

Participants:
Eighty-five adults with complicated mild to severe TBI.

Main Measures:
Negative attributions (intent, hostility, and blame) and anger responses to hypothetical scenarios were measured with the Epps scenarios and the Ambiguous Intention Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ). Trait aggression was measured with the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ).

Results:
Associations between attributions and anger responses (ie, construct validity) within each measure were significant (Epps: r = 0.61-0.74; AIHQ: r = 0.39-0.71); however, associations were stronger for Epps (Ps < .001). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) revealed attributions from both measures predicted BPAQ scores (area under the ROC curves = 0.6-0.8); predictive validity did not statistically differ between the 2 measures. Both had comparable readability (fifth- to sixth-grade levels), but Epps required longer administration times.

Conclusion:
Negative attributions affect anger and aggression after TBI, making it important to identify suitable assessments for the TBI population. While psychometric properties of the AIHQ and Epps scenarios should be further explored, this study offers early support for the use of either instrument in persons with TBI. Advantages and disadvantages of the AIHQ and Epps scenarios are highlighted.
Overview of Neurotrophic Keratopathy and a Stage-Based Approach to Its Management
Authors: Safi Mustafa , Rose-Nussbaumer Jennifer 
Published: November 2020

Abstract:
Neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) occurs because of disruption of corneal sensory innervation. There are many etiologies that can lead to NK, such as infection, trauma, topical medication use, cornea surgery, and intracranial tumors among others. We review the current available treatment options and provide a stage-based approach to its management.
Gundersen Flap Removal to Restore Eyesight Without Limbal Transplantation—A Case Report
Authors: Fogla Rajesh , Indumathy Thazethaeveetil R. 
Published: November 2020

Purpose:
To report a case of Gundersen flap removal where the ocular surface was restored without the need for additional limbal stem cell transplantation.

Methods:
We describe a case of 57-year-old man who underwent Gundersen flap for a nonhealing corneal ulcer in right eye 17 years ago. He recently lost eyesight in left eye after blunt trauma. Gundersen flap removal was performed in right eye along with amniotic membrane transplantation.

Results:
The ocular surface recovered completely after surgery without any evidence of limbal stem cell deficiency. His corrected distance visual acuity improved to 20/60 along with a stable ocular surface, which was maintained till last follow-up of 12 months.

Conclusions:
A normal ocular surface can be restored after Gundersen flap surgery if removal of limbal epithelium is not performed during the primary procedure. Additional corneal surgery might be required depending on corneal clarity.
Corticosteroids Versus Cyclosporine for Subepithelial Infiltrates Secondary to Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis: A Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Study
Authors: Gouider Dhouha , Khallouli Asma , Maalej Afef , Yousfi Mohamed Ali , Ksiaa Imen , Bouguerra Chaker , Ajili Faida , Khairallah Moncef 
Published: November 2020

Purpose:
To compare efficiency and tolerance between topical 0.5% cyclosporine A (CSA) and fluorometholone (FML) for subepithelial infiltrates (SEI) complicating epidemic keratoconjunctivitis.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective double-blind randomized study involving 72 eyes with SEI. Thirty-eight eyes were treated with topical FML (FML group) and 34 eyes with CSA 0.5% eye drops (CSA group). Treatment was considered successful in case of SEI reduction and visual acuity improvement. Tolerance was evaluated by Schirmer test value, burning on eye drops instillation, and conjunctival injection.

Results:
Baseline characteristics of both groups were similar (P > 0.05). After 3 months of the regimen, resolution of SEI was 3 times more observed in the FML group than that in the CSA group (P = 0.026). After 6 months, resolution of SEI was observed in 70% of the FML group and in 47% of the CSA group (P = 0.068). The recurrence of SEI was almost twice higher in the FML group than that in the CSA group (16% vs. 9%). FML was better tolerated during the first 3 months: a higher Schirmer test value (P = 0.0003), less burning on instillation (P = 0.242), and less conjunctival injection (P = 0.003). For the rest of the follow-up period, the 2 groups were comparable in tolerance. No ocular hypertension was noted.

Conclusions:
Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis can evolve favorably under both FML and CSA. The effect of FML is faster and CSA is more durable with fewer recurrences. Both are safe therapeutic options for long-term control of SEI.