bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The unicompartmental knee is the preferred side in individuals with both a unicompartmental and total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Wiik Anatole Vilhelm , Nathwani Dinesh , Akhtar Ahsan , Al-Obaidi Bilal , Strachan Robin , Cobb Justin Peter 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
To determine the preferred knee in patients with both one total and one unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Method
Patients simply with a unicompartmental (UKA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on contralateral sides were retrospectively screened from three senior knee surgeon’s logs over a 15 year period. Patients safe and free from other diseases to affect gait were approached. A total of 16 patients (mean age 70 ± 8) agreed to ground reaction force testing on an instrumented treadmill at a fair pace and incline. A gender-ratio identical group of 16 healthy control subjects (mean age 67 ± 10) and 16 patients with ipsilateral medial knee OA (mean age 66 ± 7) were analysed to compare.

Results
Radiographically the mode preoperative Kellgren–Lawrence knee grade for each side was 3. Postoperatively, the TKA side had a mean coronal femoral component alignment of 7° and a mean tibial coronal alignment of 89° with a mean posterior slope of 5° in the sagittal plane. The UKA side had a mean coronal femoral component alignment of 7° and a mean tibial coronal alignment of 86° with a mean posterior slope of 4° in the sagittal plane. In 7 patients, the TKA was the first procedure, while 6 for the UKA and 3 done simultaneously. Gait analysis demonstrated in both walking conditions the UKA limb was the preferred side through all phases of loading (p < 0.05) and nearer to normal than the TKA limb when compared to healthy controls and patients with knee OA. The greatest difference was observed between the transition of weight acceptance and midstance (p = 0.008), when 22% more load was taken by the UKA side.

Conclusion
By using a dynamic metric of an everyday activity, a distinct gait difference between differing arthroplasty types were established. A more natural loading pattern can be achieved with unicompartmentals as compared to total knees.

Level of evidence
Retrospective comparative study, Level III.
Cross-modal reaction of auditory and visual cortices after long-term bilateral hearing deprivation in the rat
Authors: Pernia M. , Díaz I. , Colmenárez-Raga A. C. , Rivadulla C. , Cudeiro J. , Plaza I. , Merchán M. A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractVisual cortex (VC) over-activation analysed by evoked responses has been demonstrated in congenital deafness and after long-term acquired hearing loss in humans. However, permanent hearing deprivation has not yet been explored in animal models. Thus, the present study aimed to examine functional and molecular changes underlying the visual and auditory cross-modal reaction. For such purpose, we analysed cortical visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and the gene expression (RT-qPCR) of a set of markers for neuronal activation (c-Fos) and activity-dependent homeostatic compensation (Arc/Arg3.1). To determine the state of excitation and inhibition, we performed RT-qPCR and quantitative immunocytochemistry for excitatory (receptor subunits GluA2/3) and inhibitory (GABAA-α1, GABAB-R2, GAD65/67 and parvalbumin-PV) markers. VC over-activation was demonstrated by a significant increase in VEPs wave N1 and by up-regulation of the activity-dependent early genes c-Fos and Arc/Arg3.1 (thus confirming, by RT-qPCR, our previously published immunocytochemical results). GluA2 gene and protein expression were significantly increased in the auditory cortex (AC), particularly in layers 2/3 pyramidal neurons, but inhibitory markers (GAD65/67 and PV-GABA interneurons) were also significantly upregulated in the AC, indicating a concurrent increase in inhibition. Therefore, after permanent hearing loss in the rat, the VC is not only over-activated but also potentially balanced by homeostatic regulation, while excitatory and inhibitory markers remain imbalanced in the AC, most likely resulting from changes in horizontal intermodal regulation.
Convolution operators on weighted spaces of continuous functions and supremal convolution
Authors: Kleiner T. , Hilfer R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe convolution of two weighted balls of measures is proved to be contained in a third weighted ball if and only if the supremal convolution of the corresponding two weights is less than or equal to the third weight. Here supremal convolution is introduced as a type of convolution in which integration is replaced with supremum formation. Invoking duality the equivalence implies a characterization of equicontinuity of weight-bounded sets of convolution operators having weighted spaces of continuous functions as domain and range. The overall result is a constructive method to define weighted spaces on which a given set of convolution operators acts as an equicontinuous family of endomorphisms. The result is applied to linear combinations of fractional Weyl integrals and derivatives with orders and coefficients from a given bounded set.
Gender effects for loss aversion: Yes, no, maybe?
Authors: Bouchouicha Ranoua , Deer Lachlan , Eid Ashraf Galal , McGee Peter , Schoch Daniel , Stojic Hrvoje , Ygosse-Battisti Jolanda , Vieider Ferdinand M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractGender effects in risk taking have attracted much attention by economists, and remain debated. Loss aversion—the stylized finding that a given loss carries substantially greater weight than a monetarily equivalent gain—is a fundamental driver of risk aversion. We deploy four definitions of loss aversion commonly used in the literature to investigate gender effects. Even though the definitions only differ in subtle ways, we find women to be more loss averse than men according to one definition, while another definition results in no gender differences, and the remaining two definitions point to women beinglessloss averse than men. Conceptually, these contradictory effects can be organized by systematic measurement error resulting from model mis-specifications relative to the true underlying decision process.
Implementation of maternal blood cell-free DNA testing in early screening for aneuploidies
Authors: Gil María M. , Nicolaides Kypros H. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Several externally blinded validation and implementation studies in the last 9 years have shown that it is now possible, through analysis of cell-free (cf) DNA in maternal blood, to effectively detect a high proportion of fetuses affected by trisomies 21, 18, and 13 at a much lower false-positive rate (FPR) than all other existing screening methods. This article is aimed at reviewing technical and clinical considerations for implementing cfDNA testing in routine practice, including methods of analysis, performance of the test, models for clinical implementation, and interpretation of results.
Shape factor for regular and irregular matrix blocks in fractured porous media
Authors: Rostami Peyman , Sharifi Mohammad , Dejam Morteza 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDescribing matrix–fracture interaction is one of the most important factors for modeling natural fractured reservoirs. A common approach for simulation of naturally fractured reservoirs is dual-porosity modeling where the degree of communication between the low-permeability medium (matrix) and high-permeability medium (fracture) is usually determined by a transfer function. Most of the proposed matrix–fracture functions depend on the geometry of the matrix and fractures that are lumped to a factor called shape factor. Unfortunately, there is no unique solution for calculating the shape factor even for symmetric cases. Conducting fine-scale modeling is a tool for calculating the shape factor and validating the current solutions in the literature. In this study, the shape factor is calculated based on the numerical simulation of fine-grid simulations for single-phase flow using finite element method. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to calculate the shape factors for multidimensional irregular bodies in a systematic approach. Several models were used, and shape factors were calculated for both transient and pseudo-steady-state (PSS) cases, although in some cases they were not clarified and assumptions were not clear. The boundary condition dependency of the shape factor was also investigated, and the obtained results were compared with the results of other studies. Results show that some of the most popular formulas cannot capture the exact physics of matrix–fracture interaction. The obtained results also show that both PSS and transient approaches for describing matrix–fracture transfer lead to constant shape factors that are not unique and depend on the fracture pressure (boundary condition) and how it changes with time.
OSU-6162, a Sigma1R Ligand in Low Doses, Can Further Increase the Effects of Cocaine Self-Administration on Accumbal D2R Heteroreceptor Complexes
Authors: Borroto-Escuela Dasiel O. , Romero-Fernandez Wilber , Wydra Karolina , Zhou Zilong , Suder Agata , Filip Malgorzata , Fuxe Kjell 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCocaine was previously shown to act at the Sigma1R which is a target for counteracting cocaine actions. It therefore becomes of interest to test if the monoamine stabilizer (–) OSU-6162 (OSU-6162) with a nanomolar affinity for the Sigma1R can acutely modulate in low doses the effects of cocaine self-administration. In behavioral studies, OSU-6162 (5 mg/kg, s.c.) did not significantly change the number of active lever pressing and cocaine infusions. However, a trend to reduce cocaine readouts was found after 3 days of treatment. In contrast, in maintenance of cocaine self-administration, the proximity ligation assay performed on brains from rats pretreated with OSU-6162 showed highly significant increases in the density of the D2R-Sigma1R heteroreceptor complexes in the shell of the nucleus accumbens versus OSU-6162 induced increases in this region of yoked saline rats. In cocaine self-administration, highly significant increases were also induced by OSU-6162 in the A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes in the nucleus accumbens shell versus vehicle-treated rats. Furthermore, ex vivo, the A2AR agonist CGS21680 (100 nM) produced a marked and significant increase of the D2R Ki high values in the OSU-6162-treated versus vehicle-treated rats under maintenance of cocaine self-administration. These results indicate a substantial increase in the inhibitory allosteric A2AR-D2R interactions following cocaine self-administration upon activation by the A2AR agonist ex vivo. The current results indicate that OSU-6162 via its high affinity for the Sigma1R may increase the number of accumbal shell D2R-Sigma1R and A2AR-D2R heteroreceptor complexes associated with further increases in the antagonistic A2AR-D2R interactions in cocaine self-administration.
Effect of rapid thermal annealing on structural and optical properties of ZnS thin films fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering technique
Authors: Bashar M. S. , Matin Rummana , Sultana Munira , Siddika Ayesha , Rahaman M. , Gafur M. A. , Ahmed F. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe ZnS thin films have been deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering at room temperature. Post-deposition rapid thermal annealing treatment was done for the films deposited at different powers ranging from 70 to 100 W. One peak is observed for as-deposited and annealed thin films at around 28.48° corresponding to the (111) reflection plane indicating a zincblende structure. The overall intensity of the peaks and the FWHM values of as-deposited films increased after annealing corresponding to the increase in crystallinity. The optical energy bandgap is found in the range of 3.24–3.32 eV. With increasing annealing temperature, the decrease in the Urbach energy values indicating a decrease in localized states which is in good agreement with the XRD results where the crystallinity increased. The surface morphology of the films seems to be composed of Nano-granules with a compact arrangement. Apparently, the grain size increases in the deposited films as annealing temperature increases. The compositional ratio attained close to the stoichiometric ratio of 1:1 after annealing. From the Hall effect measurement, the carrier concentration and mobility are found to increase after annealing. The high carrier concentration and mobility also comply with structural and optical analysis. Best results are found for the film annealed at 400 °C deposited at 90 W.
Victimization Experiences and Mental Health Outcomes Among Grades 7 to 12 Students in Manitoba, Canada
Authors: Stewart-Tufescu Ashley , Salmon Samantha , Taillieu Tamara , Fortier Janique , Afifi Tracie O. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractVictimization experiences, including traditional forms of bullying, discriminatory harassment, and cyber victimization, are associated with numerous detrimental consequences in adolescence and over the life course. The objective of the current study was to understand the relationships between nine experiences of victimization and mental health outcomes among students in grades 7 to 12 in Manitoba, Canada. Data were drawn from the 2012–2013 Manitoba Youth Health Survey (N = 64,174; response rate = 67%). Mental health outcomes included mental health functioning and emotional well-being, and feelings of sadness and hopelessness. The prevalence of moderate/languishing mental health functioning and emotional well-being ranged from 35.2% (boys in grades 7 to 9) to 51.0% (girls in grades 10 to 12). The prevalence of feeling sad and hopeless ranged from 31.4% (boys in grades 7 to 9) to 57.7% (girls in grades 10 to 12). All nine victimization types were associated with increased odds of having moderate/languishing mental health functioning and emotional well-being and feeling sad and hopeless for both boys and girls in grades 7 to 9 and 10 to 12, although some gender and grade differences were noted. A dose-response trend was found with increased odds of moderate/languishing mental health functioning and emotional well-being corresponding with increased frequency of being victimized. A similar trend was noted for girls only for feeling sad and hopeless. Effective prevention and intervention strategies targeting boys and girls and across grades 7 to 12 are needed to improve mental health functioning and emotional well-being, and reduce feelings of sadness and hopelessness among adolescents with victimization experiences.
Translational Informatics for Parkinson’s Disease: From Big Biomedical Data to Small Actionable Alterations
Authors: Shen Bairong , Lin Yuxin , Bi Cheng , Zhou Shengrong , Bai Zhongchen , Zheng Guangmin , Zhou Jing 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurological disease in elderly people, and its morbidity and mortality are increasing with the advent of global ageing. The traditional paradigm of moving from small data to big data in biomedical research is shifting toward big data-based identification of small actionable alterations. To highlight the use of big data for precision PD medicine, we review PD big data and informatics for the translation of basic PD research to clinical applications. We emphasize some key findings in clinically actionable changes, such as susceptibility genetic variations for PD risk population screening, biomarkers for the diagnosis and stratification of PD patients, risk factors for PD, and lifestyles for the prevention of PD. The challenges associated with the collection, storage, and modelling of diverse big data for PD precision medicine and healthcare are also summarized. Future perspectives on systems modelling and intelligent medicine for PD monitoring, diagnosis, treatment, and healthcare are discussed in the end.
Partisan selective exposure in online news consumption: evidence from the 2016 presidential campaign
Authors: Peterson Erik , Goel Sharad , Iyengar Shanto 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhere do partisans get their election news in the contemporary media environment? We track the online news consumption of a national sample during the 2016 presidential campaign. We find levels of partisan isolation in news exposure are two to three times greater than in prior studies, although the absolute level of isolation remains modest. The partisan divide for election-related news exceeds the divide for non-political news. This tendency of partisans to follow like-minded news providers occurs despite the relatively small differences in the partisan slant of the content offered by the majority of sources they visited. Finally, we find that partisans who gravitated to congenial news providers did not shift their evaluations of the presidential candidates during the campaign.
#Blockade: Social Media and the Gulf Diplomatic Crisis
Authors: Mitchell Jocelyn Sage 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe online public sphere, and the ways in which its digital media platforms influence discourse, is a crucial but understudied area of research in the six Arab monarchies of the Persian Gulf. Through a case study of the ongoing Gulf diplomatic crisis, which began in June 2017, this essay draws on the disciplines of political science, communication, and digital media studies to analyze qualitative examples of digital discourse: the role of women, territorial boundaries, and the FIFA World Cup 2022. Linking these flash points to historical struggles between the countries, this essay suggests that the politicization of the online public sphere in the region does not represent a fundamental change in the diplomacy of the region but rather a new battleground for old regional rivalries.
A clash of Umwelts: Anthropomorphism in behavioral neuroscience
Authors: Gomez-Marin Alex 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Brains enjoy a bodily life. Therefore animals are subjects with a point of view. Yet, coding betrays an anthropomorphic bias: we can, therefore they must. Here I propose a reformulation of Brette's question that emphasizes organismic perception, cautioning for misinterpretations based on external ideal-observer accounts. Theoretical ethology allows computational neuroscience to understand brains from the perspective of their owners.
Relationship between working memory and complex syntax in children with Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: DELAGE Hélène , FRAUENFELDER Ulrich Hans 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSome theories of Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) explain the linguistic deficits observed in terms of limitations in non-linguistic cognitive systems such as working memory. The goal of this research is to clarify the relationship between working memory and the processing of complex sentences by exploring the performance of 28 French-speaking children with DLD aged five to fourteen years and 48 typically developing children of the same age in memory and linguistic tasks. We identified predictive relationships between working memory and the comprehension and repetition of complex sentences in both groups. As for syntactic measures in spontaneous language, it is the complex spans that explain the major part of the variance in the control children. In children with DLD, however, simple spans are predictive of these syntactic measures. Our results thus reveal a robust relationship between working memory and syntactic complexity, with clinical implications for the treatment of children with DLD.
Achieving the 17 Sustainable Development Goals within 9 planetary boundaries
Authors: Randers Jorgen , Rockström Johan , Stoknes Per-Espen , Goluke Ulrich , Collste David , Cornell Sarah E. , Donges Jonathan 
Published: November 2019

Non-technical abstractThe world agreed to achieve 17 Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. Nine planetary boundaries set an upper limit to Earth system impacts of human activity in the long run. Conventional efforts to achieve the 14 socio-economic goals will raise pressure on planetary boundaries, moving the world away from the three environmental SDGs. We have created a simple model,Earth3, to measure how much environmental damage follows from achievement of the 14 socio-economic goals, and we propose an index to track effects on people's wellbeing. Extraordinary efforts will be needed to achieve all SDGswithinplanetary boundaries.
The Factor Structure of the 4-Item Perceived Stress Scale in English	Adolescents
Authors: Demkowicz Ola , Panayiotou Margarita , Ashworth Emma , Humphrey Neil , Deighton Jessica 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. This study investigated the factor structure, internal consistency, and known-groups validity of the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale in a large sample of 29,388 English adolescents. Results indicated that the original unidimensional structure was not viable and instead provided support for a two-factor structure. Examination of a bifactor-( S − 1) model indicated that this multidimensionality can be attributed to reverse-worded items; however, beyond method effects, these factors appear to capture distinct, though inter-related, constructs. As this multidimensional structure relies on 2-item factors, we advise use of longer versions of this measure where possible.
An Earthquake Early Warning Method Based on Huygens Principle: Robust Ground Motion Prediction Using Various Localized Distance‐Attenuation Models
Authors: Kodera Yuki 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFor the stable operation of earthquake early warning systems under complex earthquake scenarios such as large earthquakes with complicated rupture processes and multiple simultaneous events during intense aftershock activity, wavefield‐based ground motion prediction approaches that can predict shaking directly from the observed shaking, without source parameter characterization, have been proposed. These existing algorithms, however, have weak points, including the employment of inflexible wave propagation models and limited available lead times for sites that have a potential to obtain long lead times. To address these shortcomings, I developed the Approximation by Local Pseudo‐Hypocenter Attenuation (ALPHA) method, a new wavefield‐based algorithm that predicts ground motion by estimating the distance‐attenuation relation from direct observations of the ongoing wavefield in real time. For this estimation, ALPHA uses multiple point‐source models located below each observation station to simulate elementary wave propagation in accordance with Huygens principle. Application to the 2011 Mw9.0 Tohoku‐Oki and 2016 M7.3 Kumamoto earthquakes and 21 additional earthquakes with M ≥ 7 showed that ALPHA stably calculated accurate ground motion predictions for those events and provided long lead times for sites with an intensity threshold on bedrock of three on the Japan Meteorological Agency scale (~IV–VI on the modified Mercalli intensity scale). These findings indicate that ALPHA would enable early warning systems to issue accurate warnings to wider areas at an early stage than existing algorithms.