bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bienales Internacionales de Arquitectura de São Paulo: notas para una visión retrospectiva del cambio de milenio
Authors: Tavares Rosalino Alisson , Victal Jane 
Published: October 2020

<p class="p1">Este artículo espera contribuir a la comprensión del papel desempeñado por las principales exposiciones de arquitectura, en particular el caso de la Bienal Internacional de Arquitectura de São Paulo (BIA), como espacio de debate y formación de redes de diálogos transnacionales, además de su importancia en la presentación de exponentes que asumirían posiciones prominentes en periodos posteriores. La 4ª BIA de 1999 es considerada como una referencia, un momento crucial que guiaría la producción y los debates de la arquitectura en el nuevo milenio.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>
Septic shock better controlled with earlier administration of norepinephrine
Authors: Durham Steve 
Published: October 2020

A clinical decision report appraising
Elbouhy MA, Soliman M, Gaber A, Taema KM, Abdel-Aziz A. Early use of norepinephrine improves survival in septic shock: earlier than early. Archives of Medical Research. 2019;50(6):325–332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2019.10.003
Association between Anti-MÃ¼llerian Hormone and other biomarkers with ovarian function in polycystic ovarian syndrome of Iraqi women
Authors: Al-Lami Huda Basim , Al-Tuâ€™ma Fadhil Jawad , Al-Safi Wasan Ghazi 
Published: October 2020

Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the role of of Anti-MÃ¼llerian hormone and other hormonal biomarkers and insulin resistance in pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome of Iraqi women with various ages and BMI.
Method: The sublects include 50 cases of polycystic ovarian syndrome obtained from gynecological and obstetric teaching hospital, Kerbala health directorate / Kerbala â€“ Iraq and another 50 apparently healthy women as a control group. with age ranged between (18-37) years during the period from Dec. 2019 to June, 2020 which was divided into two groups depending upon their age; first group with age (18-27) years and the second with age (28-37) years, also they divided into three subgroups depending upon the body mass index, normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2), obesity (30-34.9 kg/m2) and measurement of various hormonal levels were performed including LH, FSH, insulin, insulin resistance, total testosterone and anti-mÃ¼llerian hormone.
Results: A significant elevated levels of each of Anti-MÃ¼llerian hormone (AMH), insulin, LH, total testosterone, prolactin, fasting blood glucose, FBG and insulin resistance while, a non-significant differences was found in FSH levels in women with PCOS as compared with control group.
Conclusion: A significant high levels of the all hormonal parameters including anti-mÃ¼llerian hormone, LH, prolactin and total testosterone was found in women with PCOS as compared with the control, except the FSH values.
Abraham Lincoln, Nativism, and Citizenship
Authors: Steiner Mark E. 
Published: October 2020

Nativist movements in the United States in the 1840s and 1850s aimed to restrict the rights of recent immigrants because of their religion or ethnicity. During Abraham Lincoln’s pre-presidential political career, he twice confronted such movements in his home state of Illinois. He opposed nativism, believing that adherence to the values expressed in the Declaration of Independence would unify native-born and naturalized Ame
ricans.
Bioethics in Correlation with the Principle of Human Dignity
Authors: Osipova Sanita 
Published: October 2020

The modern science is offering to expand opportunities open to a person, for example, to improve a person’s intellectual abilities, to cure the incurable or to prolong lives by such manipulations that were not available before. Legal solutions to these problems cannot be found without the discourse on bioethics. Bioethics pertains to a number of issues that are of vital importance for society, for example, euthanasia, organ transplants, reproductive medicine, the limits and methods of patient care. All principles of bioethics have been created to protect the human being. In this respect, bioethical requirements correlate with a person’s fundamental rights and legally they should be examined within the scope of human dignity. The implementation of scientific findings in the society is strictly limited by fundamental human rights. The constitutional courts, abiding by the bioethical principles, should provide the balance between the person’s own responsibility with that of the State regarding respecting the human dignity and retaining humanity also in the age of technologies.
Jānis Pliekšāns’ (Rainis’) “Formula of Happiness”
Authors: Lazdiņš Jānis 
Published: October 2020

The article focuses on the analysis of the understanding of “formula of happiness” of Jānis Pliekšāns (Rainis), lawyer, philosopher and the most famous Latvian poet. Rainis’ works were created at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries. This is the time when the legal consciousness of the Latvian State was evolving and the Republic of Latvia was proclaimed (1918). Rainis’ views in the philosophy of law were significantly influenced by the theory of Marxism and the fight for rights described by Rudolf von Ihering. Rainis’ “formula of happiness” means interminable self-improvement in the struggle for personal happiness with the aim of leading the whole humanity towards happiness. The ultimate happiness is work for the benefit of all people.
Artificial Intelligence and Civil Liability
Authors: Kārkliņš Jānis 
Published: October 2020

Although modern innovations already provide an artificial intelligence-driven devices or software’s capability to function fully autonomously without the involvement of any person, the issue of the specificity of the application of civil liability is, inter alia, weighed at the European Union level. This is linked to the current legal framework of the European Union and its Member States, which has been developed and adopted over a period of time when the operation of devices or software has requested at least an indirect involvement of a person in order to execute a specific task. In contrast, contemporary technological achievements in the design of artificial intelligence provide the ability of an artificial intelligence-driven device and software to take independent decisions regarding the conduct of a particular activity, or, on the contrary, on abstaining from carrying out a particular activity, without any person’s involvement. In such circumstances, there is a need to review and reassess the content of the existing regulation with regard to the application of civil liability both in the fault liability and in the model of strict liability (including product liability), and to establish certainty in the conceptual understanding of artificial intelligence and its isolation from simple process automation.
Application of the Concept of Indirect Discrimination by Latvian Courts
Authors: Dupate Kristīne 
Published: October 2020

The article provides the analysis of Latvian national court practice on application of the concept of non-discrimination. The concept was introduced into Latvian legal system by EU law. The definition and case law of the CJEU on indirect discrimination cases demonstrate numerous aspects to be taken into account for the correct application of respective concept. As the concept of indirect discrimination is new in Latvian legal system and, in addition, its complex national court practice reveals numerous aspects posing difficulties in its precise and correct application.
Method Development for the Simultaneous Estimation of Etamsylate and Tranexamic Acid by UPLC/Pda in Bulk and Formulation.
Authors: Mohanrao Tammi setty  , Balasekhara Reddy Challa  , Srinivasa Babu Puttagunta  
Published: October 2020

Selective and novel method has been optimized for evaluation of Ethamsylate and Tranexamic acid in bulk, formulation and equipment cleaning samples by UPLC-PDA. The method was developed with the Buffer (pH: 7.0): Acetonitrile, (75:25%, v/v) using the Acquity BEH C18,1.7µ.m,2.1mmX50mm analytical column with analysis time of five minutes. The flow of mobile phase through column was 0.8ml/min.The sample volume was 5 µL. The detection was carried at 260nm in a photodiode array detector. The retention times of Ethamsylate and Tranexamic acid were 1.121 min and 2.122 min respectively. The correlation coefficient (r2) was 0.9997 with linear range of 2.5-30.0 µg/ml for EtamsylateFor Tranexamic acid 5µg/ml-60.0 µg/ml .The correlation coefficient (r2) for Tranexamic acid was found to be 1.000. The LOQ for the Ethamsylate and Tranexamic acid was 25ng/ml and 50ng/ml respectively. The developed method was applied for the bulk,formulation and equipment cleaning samples.The results were found satisfactory.Hence the developed method was proved more accurate and sensitive.It can be used at all the stages in pharmaceutical manufacturing and quality control for evaluating of Ethamsylate and Tranexamic acid.
Rural Woman and Food Security: Diversification of Cassava-Based Foods in Gunungkidul District, Yogyakarta
Authors: Suharko Suharko , Hudayana Bambang 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
This article outlines the role of rural women in diversification of local foods in Indonesia, specifically cassava. Cassava is the third main staple food in Indonesia, after rice and corn. By referring to the concept of food security and food diversification, and using the case study method, this article describes and discusses rural women’s innovations and business initiatives in developing nutritious processed cassava products in Gunungkidul Regency. These products are available at various outlets and are accessible and affordable to the public. Rural women have become the main actors in the diversification of local foods while also playing an important role in creating food security that has become a strategic agenda in Indonesia.
GADGET: An Accounting Data Generator
Authors: Holt Matthew , Lang Bradley 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
With the proliferation of data analytics in the field of accounting, educators need resources to enhance their curricula with analytics projects. This paper provides educators with a robust tool that generates large, unique revenue-cycle transaction data with certain realistic properties. The datasets can be used by educators to teach accounting-based data analytic procedures in accounting information systems, auditing, fraud, and data analytics classes. Additionally, multiple potential implementation opportunities for the datasets are proposed and a comprehensive example case is provided.
Data Availability: The data generator can be accessed at: https://mplholt.shinyapps.io/GADGET/
An Early-Onset Subgroup of Type 2 Diabetes: A Multigenerational, Prospective Analysis in the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Echouffo-Tcheugui Justin B. , Niiranen Teemu J. , McCabe Elizabeth L. , Henglin Mir , Jain Mohit , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Larson Martin G. , Cheng Susan 
Published: October 2020

OBJECTIVE
To assess the relation of type 2 diabetes occurring earlier (age &lt;55 years) versus later in life to the risk of cardiovascular death and to diabetes in offspring.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In the Framingham Heart Study, a community-based prospective cohort study, glycemic status was ascertained at serial examinations over six decades among 5,571 first- and second-generation participants with mortality data and 2,123 second-generation participants who initially did not have diabetes with data on parental diabetes status. We assessed cause of death in a case (cardiovascular death)–control (noncardiovascular death) design and incident diabetes in offspring in relation to parental early-onset diabetes.

RESULTS
Among the participants in two generations (N = 5,571), there were 1,822 cardiovascular deaths (including 961 coronary deaths). The odds of cardiovascular versus noncardiovascular death increased with decreasing age of diabetes onset (P &lt; 0.001 trend). Compared with never developing diabetes, early-onset diabetes conferred a 1.81-fold odds (95% CI 1.10–2.97, P = 0.02) of cardiovascular death and 1.75-fold odds (0.96–3.21, P = 0.07) of coronary death, whereas later-onset diabetes was not associated with greater risk for either (P = 0.09 for cardiovascular death; P = 0.51 for coronary death). In second-generation participants, having a parent with early-onset diabetes increased diabetes risk by 3.24-fold (1.73–6.07), whereas having one or both parents with late-onset diabetes increased diabetes risk by 2.19-fold (1.50–3.19).

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings provide evidence for a diabetes subgroup with an early onset, a stronger association with cardiovascular death, and higher transgenerational transmission.
STUDI LITERATUR : KOMPRES HANGAT UNTUK MENGATASI HIPERTERMIA PADA PENDERITA TB PARU
Authors: Caroline Priesca Della Octianne , Sari Rika Maya , Verawati Metti 
Published: October 2020

Salah satu gejala yang muncul pada TB paru bagi penderitanya adalah hipertermia, penderita TB paru yang mengalami (hipertermia) biasanya subfebris menyerupai influenza tetapi terkadang bisa mencapai 40-41°C. Hipertermia merupakan respon tubuh terhadap proses infeksi. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi hipertermia yaitu dengan pemberian kompres hangat untuk menurunkan demam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh intervensi kompres hangat dalam asuhan keperawatan pada penderita TB paru dengan masalah keperawatan hipertermia. Metode dalam penelitian ini dengan mencari beberapa jurnal di Google Schooler, didapatkan hasil penelusuran dari 3 jurnal dengan hasil penelusuran studi literatur merujuk pada pemberian kompres hangat pada daerah aksila sebagai salah satu intervensi dalam mengatasi masalah hipertermia. Kompres hangat pada aksila lebih efektif dengan hasil penurunan suhu mencapai 0,247°C. Pemberian kompres hangat akan membantu menurunkan suhu tubuh dengan cara panas keluar lewat pori-pori kulit melalui proses penguapan. Tindakan kompres hangat merupakan tindakan yang aman dan dapat memberikan rasa nyaman pada pasien. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemberian kompres hangat pada daerah aksila dapat membantu menurunkan demam dengan penurunan suhu mencapai 0,247°C untuk mengatasi masalah hipertermia.
A Book of Cities: Mapping Urban Space in Braun and Hogenberg’sCivitates Orbis Terrarum(1572-1617)
Authors: Năiduţ Petruţa 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe present article sets out to explore the tradition and the innovative forces involved in the production of the first city atlas,Civitates orbis terrarum, a six-volume collection of town images published by Georg Braun and Franz Hogenberg between 1572 and 1617. In doing so, it considers the consequences of the rediscovery of Ptolemy’s notions of geography and chorography and traces how time-honoured ideas and new practices of describing places meet in the depiction of early modern cities. The article discusses the potential of chorography as a genre capable of representing a city while trying to convey information about its character and addresses the role of printing in the dissemination of city views. The analysis extends from classic notions and modern practices of chorography to the humanist pursuit of a global vision that can be identified in the design of theCivitates, where the metaphor of the theatre appears to extend from the material of the atlas to the book itself. The research is mostly based on social and cultural histories of cartography and cosmography which can contribute to a better understanding of the complex significance of city images in Braun and Hogenberg’s project.
The Dystopian Transformation of Urban Space in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale
Authors: Moldovan Raluca 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The present contribution examines the representation of the city in Margaret Atwood’s 1985 dystopian novel, The Handmaid’s Tale, with the aim of uncovering how the urban space is transformed and repurposed in order to uphold the ideological pillars of the theocratic regime described in the book. The urban space depicted in the book, which the reader sees through the eyes of the protagonist and narrator Offred, is built upon the contrasting image of “everything looks the same” versus “everything is fundamentally different.” Inspired by the Puritan colonies of 17th-century New England, the Republic of Gilead, in a manner similar to many reallife totalitarian regimes throughout history, remodels the urban space in such a way as to correspond to its worldview and help maintain its hold on power. The first part of the article examines how this is done in the novel itself (also making brief references to the representation of the city in the 2019 sequel to The Handmaid’s Tale, entitled The Testaments) while the second part discusses how the city is portrayed in the 2017 TV series adaptation of the novel in order to highlight similarities and differences between the literary and televised versions.
Impalpable Scars: Dual Traumas in Hemingway’s “Now I Lay Me” and “A Way You’ll Never Be”
Authors: Kovarovic Richard 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This article aims to contribute to the body of scholarly discussion surrounding Ernest Hemingway’s Nick Adams Stories as interconnected works of subtle yet complex depictions of trauma and memory. It primarily focuses on two stories, “Now I Lay Me” and “A Way You’ll Never Be,” and attempts to unearth hidden parallels between the two, ultimately positing that each story informs the other in vital ways. The article does so through an examination of memory types, the narrative nature of episodic personal memory, and incorporation of an analysis on the disruptive nature of traumatic memory. Using that framework, it examines the function of screen memory and trauma in “Now I Lay Me,” a story of nocturnal haunting, and unearths the existence of dual traumas within the text, those suffered in combat and those in childhood. Connections are made to the events and experiences of “A Way You’ll Never Be,” with the episodes Nick suffers interpreted as dreams. Thus, the image of the unplaceable yellow house is viewed as a manifestation of the domestic trauma of Adams’s childhood, with the home itself representative of the terror of obliteration, a second trauma revealed and existing beyond the boundaries of the text.
Orthodontic treatment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS)
Authors: Păcurar Mariana , Bud Eugen , Pop Silvia , Chibelean Manuela , Krisztina Martha 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction
The craniofacial skeleton in the growing child is responsive to changing functional demands and environmental factors. Orthopedic modification of facial bones through the application of constant forces over long periods of time has been a mainstay of orthodontic and dentofacial orthopedic therapy.
Aim of the study
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in pharyngeal structures after rapid palatal expansion (RPE) and compare them with those after using a removable mandibular advancement device (MAD).
Material and methods
In order to accomplish function we modified the pattern of neuromuscular activity throught mandible forward position.
Results
This finding shows that maxillary deficiency and mandibular retrognathism have been reportedly linked to OSA as both etiologic factors and sequelae of prolonged mouth breathing during the period of growth, these illustrate the potential interaction between alteration in respiratory function and craniofacial morphology.
Conclusions
Craniofacial anatomic defects, including inferior displacement of the hyoid bone, larger gonial angle, smaller anterior cranial base, altered anterior and posterior facial heights, and mandibular deficiency, have been suggested as predisposing factors for upper airway obstruction during sleep. Cephalometry has been used extensively in the fields of orthodontics and anthropology to record craniofacial form. Recently, it has been also suggested that cephalometry could be an adjunctive procedure for assessing craniofacial patterns associated with OSAS.
Estimating efficacy of rapid maxillary expansion and mandibular advanced in the treatment of paediatric SDB. This might provide alternatives to primary treatments and/or enhance interdisciplinary treatment planning for the children suffering from OSA. The relationships between maxillofacial malocclusions and upper airway volumes were investigated. Literature studies on the association of upper airway narrowing with dento-skeletal malocclusions have been confirmed by us for the group of patients studied.
Prevalence of primary and secondary dental dystrophies on a group of preschool and school-age children from Tîrgu-Mureş
Authors: Esian Daniela , Bica Cristina , Lazar Ana Petra , Stoica Oana 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Pediatric Dentistry offers a completely different approach compared to that of adults especially in terms of patient cooperation, problems with growth and development and problems related to dental restoration in the context of a developing dentition.
Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of primary and secondary dental dystrophies among preschool and school-age children.
Material and Methods: The group of 113 subjects with ages between 3 and 11 years was selected from two primary and preschool education establishments from Târgu-Mures. Simultaneously with the clinical examination of dental surfaces, 150 questionnaires were distributed to the parents of the subjects. The dystrophies determined clinically were arranged in a certain category of number, form, volume and structure and were correlated with the answers to the questionnaires.
Results: According to the data most cases of dental dystrophies are represented by dental fluorosis followed by severe early childhood caries S-ECC, and in equal percentages are present dyschromia, imperfect amelogenesis, MIH hypomineralization, dental fusion, macrodontia and hyperdontia.
Conclusions: There are significant correlations between the primary dental dystrophies and factors that intervened during pregnancy and in the post-natal period, both critical periods for dental formation and development.