bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in RT‐PCR test results and symptoms during the menstrual cycle of female individuals infected with SARS‐CoV‐2: Report of two cases
Authors: Zheng Hua , Tan Juan , Ma Ke , Meng Weihua 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe implications of the menstrual cycle for disease susceptibility, development, and severity of acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection are largely unknown. Here, we describe two women infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 whose real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) test results and symptoms changed during the menstrual cycle. The first patient developed a fever on the first day of her menstrual period, and again on the first day of her next menstrual period after hospital discharge. RT‐PCR test results were positive during the first menstrual period before admission, but turned negative during hospitalization, and then were positive again during the second menstrual period after hospital discharge. Another one also developed a fever again on the first day of her menstrual period after hospital discharge. RT‐PCR test results were negative before admission and during hospitalization, but turned positive during the first menstrual period after hospital discharge. The cases indicate sex hormones may play an important role in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. For women with history of exposure to SARS‐CoV‐2, the management protocol should include assessment of the menstrual status.
Multiple‐pass‐enhanced multiple‐point gas Raman analyzer for industrial process control applications
Authors: Wen Chengwei , Huang Xin , Shen Chunlei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe report an advanced multiple‐pass multiple‐point Raman spectroscopy setup with enhanced sensitivity for industrial in situ monitoring and process control applications. The design of this multiple sampling setup enables high laser effective energy utilization ratio, and full laser energy is available for each sampling point. As a result, high sensitivity is obtained in every sampling point. The setup is simple, reliable, and robust, which is important for practical industrial applications. With eight passes configuration, gas samples in static cells are tested to show the analytical potential of this multiple sampling setup. The back‐to‐back experimental results show that the noise equivalent detection limit (3σ) of 40.6 (N2), 46.0 (O2), 22.9 (H2O), and 19.1 Pa (hydrogen isotopologues), which corresponds to relative abundance by volume at 1 bar total pressure of 406, 459, 229, and 191 ppm, respectively, can be achieved in 1 s with a 1.5‐W red laser. The analysis indicates that similar or even better sensitivity can be achieved for every sampling point in a practical 3‐point system. The system precision is characterized by long‐term measurement of static samples, and the results indicate high system stability. Although a 3‐point system is demonstrated in this investigation, this setup can be easily upgraded to incorporate more sampling positions by increasing the number of lenses inside the multiple‐pass cavity, which is important for practical applications. Important aspects regarding instrumentation engineering are also briefly discussed. The results obtained with this multiple‐pass‐enhanced multiple‐point Raman system are very promising. The system can be applied to hydrogen isotopologues monitoring and process control in international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER), as well as China fusion engineering test reactor (CFETR). Other industrial applications like automotive engine diagnosis and logging gas detection can also be benefited from current design.
Cover Image, Volume 100, Issue 11
Authors: Frankin Sivan , Kunta Srinivas , Abbo Shahal , Sela Hanan , Goldberg Ben Z , Bonfil David J , Levy Avraham A , Avivi‐Ragolsky Naomi , Nashef Kamal , Roychowdhury Rajib , Faraj Tomer , Lifshitz Dikla , Mayzlish‐Gati Einav , Ben‐David Roi 
Published: July 2020

The cover image is based on the Research Article The Israeli Palestinian wheat landraces collection: restoration and characterization of lost genetic diversity by Sivan Frankin et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9822.
image
Hydrophobic, Pore‐Tunable Polyimide/Polyvinylidene Fluoride Composite Aerogels for Effective Airborne Particle Filtration
Authors: Qiao Shiya , Zhang Hao , Kang Shuai , Quan Jiayou , Hu Zuming , Yu Junrong , Wang Yan , Zhu Jing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPolyimide (PI) aerogels have great potential as filter materials, owing to their unique porous structure and excellent thermodynamic properties. In this work, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is introduced into the 3D network structure of crosslinked PI by phase separation to prepare PI/PVDF hybrid aerogels. By adding different amounts of PVDF, effective control of the aerogel porous structure is achieved, as a result, the air permeability of the hybrid aerogel is significantly improved while still achieving a filtration efficiency of airborne particulates of more than 99.8%. PVDF is aggregated and dispersed on the surface or inside of the aerogel in the form of nanoparticles, which effectively increases the hydrophobicity of the material. The contact angle of the prepared PI hybrid aerogel is ≈150°, and the water absorption is as low as 2.2%, which enables the aerogel to maintain structural stability in humid environments. In addition, the aerogel exhibits good adsorption effects on organic solvents.
Confined Microenvironments from Thermoresponsive Dendronized Polymers
Authors: Xu Gang , Liu Kun , Xu Biyi , Yao Yi , Li Wen , Yan Jiatao , Zhang Afang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractConfined microenvironments in biomacromolecules arising from molecular crowding account for their well‐defined biofunctions and bioactivities. To mimick this, synthetic polymers to form confined structures or microenvironments are of key scientific value, which have received significant attention recently. To create synthetic confined microenvironments, molecular crowding effects and topological cooperative effects have been applied successfully, and the key is balance between self‐association of structural units and self‐repulsion from crowding‐induced steric hindrance. In this article, formation of confined microenvironments from stimuli‐responsive dendronized polymers carrying densely dendritic oligoethylene glycols (OEGs) moieties in their pendants is presented. These wormlike thick macromolecules exhibit characteristic thermoresponsive properties, which can provide constrained microenvironments to encapsulate effectively guest molecules including dyes, proteins, or nucleic acids to prevent their protonation or biodegradation. This efficient shielding effect can also mediate chemical reactions in aqueous phase, and even enhance chirality transferring efficiency. All of these can be switched off simply through the thermally‐induced dehydration and collapse of OEG dendrons due to the amphiphilicity of OEG chains. Furthermore, the switchable encapsulation and release of guests can be greatly enhanced when these dendronized polymers are used as major constituents for fabricating bulk hydrogels or nanogels, which provide a higher‐level confinement.
A Hybrid In Silico/In Vitro Target Fishing Study to Mine Novel Targets of Urolithin A and B: A Step Towards a Better Comprehension of Their Estrogenicity
Authors: Dellafiora Luca , Milioli Marco , Falco Angela , Interlandi Margherita , Mohamed Abdelrahman , Frotscher Martin , Riccardi Benedetta , Puccini Paola , Rio Daniele Del , Galaverna Gianni , Dall'Asta Chiara 
Published: July 2020

ScopeUrolithin A and B are gut metabolites of ellagic acid and ellagitannins associated with many beneficial effects. Evidence in vitro pointed to their potential as estrogenic modulators. However, both molecular mechanisms and biological targets involved in such activity are still poorly characterized, preventing a comprehensive understanding of their bioactivity in living organisms. This study aimed at rationally identifying novel biological targets underlying the estrogenic‐modulatory activity of urolithins.Methods and ResultsThe work relies on an in silico/in vitro target fishing study coupling molecular modeling with biochemical and cell‐based assays. Estrogen sulfotransferase and 17β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase are identified as potentially subject to inhibition by the investigated urolithins. The inhibition of the latter undergoes experimental confirmation either in a cell‐free or cell‐based assay, validating computational outcomes.ConclusionsThe work describes target fishing as an effective tool to identify unexpected targets of food bioactives detailing the interaction at a molecular level. Specifically, it described, for the first time, 17β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase as a target of urolithins and highlighted the need of further investigations to widen the understanding of urolithins as estrogen modulators in living organisms.
The combination of HPLC and biological analysis to determine the quality markers and its structural composition of Eclipta prostrata L.
Authors: Wang Long , Huang Bin , Li Chenzi , Yang Bin , Jia Xiaobin , Feng Liang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe diversity and complexity of components are important reasons for the unstable efficacy and safety of Chinese materia medica (CMM) in quality control. The good and stable quality control may be related to the quality markers with structural composition of multi‐components.ObjectiveIn the present study, we take Eclipta prostrata L. as a representative example. The 11 samples were collected from the different areas in China, and the discrepancy in bioactivity and chemical composition of these samples were compared. DOX (doxorubicin hydrochloride)‐induced ICR mice were established for in vivo nephrotic syndrome experiments. The biochemical indicators including 24‐h urine protein, triglyceride (TG), etc. were measured and the pathological change of kidney tissue was observed. MPC‐5 cells damage model was induced to compare the difference of these samples in bio‐activity. High‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for 11 EEP (extract of Eclipta prostrata L.) samples were performed to analyse the content of the quality markers.ResultsIn vivo experiments, EEP could mitigate the content or activity of urine protein, TG, etc. compared with the positive group (TG content was 2.53 ± 0.39 mmol/L, urinary protein quantification on 35th day was 16.79 ± 2.32 mg). In vitro experiments, CCE (coumestans component of Ecliptae) and EEP had equivalent effects on biochemical indicators such as cell viability, etc. According to the HPLC analysis, the content of wedelolactone was 45.88% and demethylwedelolactone was 23.74% in CCE.ConclusionThe CCE with a ratio of 2:1 can be considered as a quality marker of Eclipta prostrata L.. This research may provide a perspective for quality control of CMM.
Poly‐3‐hydroxybutyrate‐based constructs with novel characteristics for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications—A review
Authors: Sosa‐Hernández Juan Eduardo , Villalba‐Rodríguez Angel M. , Romero‐Castillo Kenya D. , Zavala‐Yoe Ricardo , Bilal Muhammad , Ramirez‐Mendoza Ricardo A. , Parra‐Saldivar Roberto , Iqbal Hafiz M. N. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHerein, we reviewed polymeric constructs of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) at large and poly‐3‐hydroxybutyrate (P3HB), in particular, for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. Polymeric constructs that can efficiently respond to numerous variations in their surroundings have gained notable attention from different industrial sectors such as biomedical, clinical, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical. Among them, considerable importance is given to their drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. PHAs with peculiar reference to P3HB are gaining prominence attention as candidate materials with such requisite potentialities. The unique structural and functional characteristics of PHAs and P3HB are of supreme interest and being used to engineer novel constructs for efficient drug delivery and tissue regeneration purposes. So far, an array of methodological approaches, such as in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo techniques have been exploited though using different materials with different geometries for a said purpose. However, a low‐level production majorly limits their proper exploitation. Various physiochemical characteristics and production strategies have been introduced in this review. The data have been summarized on PHAs production by several microorganisms aiming to cover the scope of the last 10 years. The present review highlights the recent applications of PHAs and P3HB‐based constructs, such as micro/nanoparticles, biocomposite, nanofibers, and hydrogels as novel drug carries for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. In summary, drug delivery and tissue engineering potentialities of PHAs and P3HB‐based constructs are discussed with suitable examples and envisioned directions of future developments.
Modeling Kinetic Glomerular Filtration Rate in Adults with Stable and Unstable Kidney Function: Vancomycin as the Motivating Example
Authors: Pai Manjunath P. , DeBacker Kenneth C. 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundEquations used to estimate kidney function for drug dosing rely on the assumption of homeostasis to translate a single‐point measurement of serum creatinine into clearance (CL). Our objective was to rank order the performance of alternate kidney function equations as predictors of drug CL in stable and unstable patients.MethodsData were extracted from medical records at a single center for all adult patients treated with vancomycin over a 5‐year period for population pharmacokinetic analysis. This analysis focused on comparison of nine kidney function equations as covariates of vancomycin CL. Both body surface area (BSA) indexed (ml/min/1.73 m2) and unindexed units (ml/min) of kidney function were tested, as time‐varying and time‐invariant covariates of vancomycin CL.ResultsThe final data set consisted of 2640 patients (62% male, 81% white) with 6628 concentration measurements. The median (5th, 95th percentile) of measurements per patient, age, weight, body mass index (BMI) was 2 (1, 7) concentrations, 61.5 (28, 83) years, 90.0 (56.7, 147) kg, and 30.0 (20.7, 48.0) kg/m2. Unstable kidney function was documented in 43.6% of patients, primarily as acute kidney injury (AKI) on admission with improvement (19.4%) and AKI during the admission (17.4%). Models based on time‐varying kidney function estimates performed better than as time‐invariant. Kidney function estimated by the Chen method was ranked higher than other estimation methods.ConclusionsA time‐varying kinetic estimated glomerular filtration rate method not indexed to BSA was identified as the highest ranked covariate model of vancomycin CL.
Coaching college students in the development of positive learning dispositions: A randomized control trial embedded mixed‐methods study
Authors: Wang Qing , Lu Yujie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEnhancing college students' learning habits, attitudes, and capacities have been an important research topic in educational psychology. In this study, we designed, implemented, and evaluated a coaching program that integrated mindful agency coaching and motivational interviewing for the development of positive learning dispositions in college students. A randomized control trial embedded mixed‐methods design was employed. The quantitative phase with two experimental groups showed that the intervention group (n = 24) showed significant improvement in mindful agency, self‐efficacy, learning motivation, and emotional intelligence after the coaching, compared with the control group (n = 30). The qualitative phase with students in the intervention group (n = 15) revealed five themes: Task orientation, motivational management, openness and acceptance, self‐awareness and self‐regulation, and supporting factors for coaching. Integrated findings demonstrated whether and how coaching could be a promising approach to enhancing college students' various positive dispositions that are essential for them to be mindful, resilient, and self‐directed learners.
Personality Assessment Questionnaire for ICD‐11 personality trait domains: Development and testing
Authors: Kim Youl‐Ri , Tyrer Peter , Hwang Soon‐Taeg 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to develop a questionnaire suitable for the assessment of trait domains in the forthcoming International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD‐11). This questionnaire, the Personality Assessment Questionnaire for ICD‐11 (PAQ‐11) personality trait domains, was intended as a short and reliable self‐report measure.MethodThe initial items were derived from the relevant traits of an established version of the Personality Assessment Schedule. In Phase 1, item selection and scale construction proceeded iteratively using data from 334 female university students and 75 psychiatric patients (combined N = 409) in Korea. In Phase 2, a validation study of the scale was conducted in a subset of the sample from Phase 1, who were deemed to be at high risk of personality disorders (N = 210).ResultsExploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the Personality Assessment Schedule items created a 17‐item scale. This scale, PAQ‐11, demonstrated adequate convergent and discriminant validity with the five‐factor model, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition traits model and emotional difficulties. The results were consistent with its underlying theoretical structure.ConclusionsThe PAQ‐11 appears to be potentially promising in terms of clinical utility to assess the five domains of ICD‐11 personality disorders. More research must be conducted in other cultural backgrounds with gender‐balanced populations. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anion receptors with 1,3,5‐triazacyclohexane and 1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane scaffolds
Authors: Valadbeigi Yaser , Ilbeigi Vahideh , Valadbeigi Younes 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFluoride, chloride, and bromide affinities of 1,3,5‐triazacyclohexane (TACH) and 1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane (Cyclen) were studied theoretically using ωB97XD and B3LYP functionals and 6‐311++G(d,p) basis set. To enhance and modify the anion affinities of TACH and Cyclen, several anion receptors with –(CH2)nOH and –(CH2)nNH2 (n = 1–3) substituents were designed and investigated. These anion receptors are attached to the halides (X−) via formation of NH … X and OH … X hydrogen bonds. The anion affinities calculated by ωB97XD were larger than those obtained by B3LYP indicating the dispersion contribution to the anion affinities. It was found that the anion affinities of these compounds depend on both the alkyl chain length and nature of the interaction, NH … X or OH … X. The ωB97XD‐calculated fluoride affinities of TACH and Cyclen were 149.5 and 207.2 kJ mol−1, respectively. By substitution of –(CH2)nOH groups, anion receptors with F− affinities of 277 and 326 kJ mol−1 were obtained, which can be classified among the strongest organic anion receptors. The affinity of all TACH and Cyclen toward the halides was as F− > Cl− > Br−, while substitution of –(CH2)3OH and –(CH2)3NH2 into Cyclen changed the trend to F− > Br− > Cl−.
Reliability allocation methods: A systematic literature review
Authors: Forcina Antonio , Silvestri Luca , Di Bona Gianpaolo , Silvestri Alessandro 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe choice of a reliability allocation method is not always easy or straightforward, since it depends on several factors. Some factors are directly related to the characteristics of the analyzed system, such as the level of complexity or the reliability configuration; on the other hand, additional aspects constitute boundary conditions, such as budget or experimentation time. In this scenario, the purpose of the present research is to present a systematic literature review on reliability allocation, proposing a guideline to choose the optimal allocation method in respect to the desired application, available resources, and required accuracy. The proposed review analyzes allocation methods in literature, determining main features and area of application.Motivated by a lack of a comprehensive methods summarization present in literature, our research goal is to assist practitioners in choosing a well‐suited method and to provide an overview, to support academics in conducting new research in this area.The results of the performed analysis are synthetized according to several criteria. The results are summarized and categorized in different clusters for each individuated application field. The proposed summarization design allows an easy and rapid consultation.
A Top‐Down Approach to Synthesis of pH‐Controlled Cu NPs: Their Catalytic Activity toward the One‐Pot Preparation of α‐Aminonitriles and 5‐Substituted 1H‐Tetrazoles from Aldehydes
Authors: He Zemin , Feng Li , Wu Pei , Li Shiyao , Kazemnejadi Milad 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA new approach for the preparation of copper nanoparticles has been developed by the chemical decomposition of bulk‐waste copper wire using HNO3/ DMSO/ NaOCl (HDN) reagent. This is a two‐steps synthesis via a top‐down approach for the preparation of NPs. A mixture of Cu NPs was obtained in high basic pHs (>12) including CuO, Cu(OH)2 and Cu2(OH)3Cl NPs. The Cu NPs demonstrated high dependent on pH, which each of copper NPs were selectively prepared with pH control. Selective preparation of copper NPs lead to pure Botallackite Cu2(OH)3Cl, Cu(OH)2, and Tenorite CuO structures at pH =7, pH<7, and pH=11 respectively. The mixture and pure copper NPs were thoroughly characterized by various analytical techniques including XPS, EDX, XRD, DLS, FTIR, FE‐SEM, TEM, BET, and ICP methods. The resultant Cu NPs were used as an efficient heterogeneous, recyclable nanocatalyst for the preparation of α‐aminonitriles and 5‐substituted 1H‐tetrazoles with a synergistic effect. The nanocatalyst not only demonstrated high to excellent yields for the aminonitriles and tetrazoles under mild conditions, but also it can be recovered and reused for several times without considerable loss in activity. Kinetics for the preparation of α‐aminonitrile and 5‐substituted 1H‐tetrazole was studied and chemoselectivity of the method was evaluated by various combinations.
Visualizations of Mercury Methylation and Dynamic Transformations by In Vivo Imaging
Authors: Fu Qiang , Fan Xuchan , Sun Jianghui , Tan Hongwei , Wang Yan , Ouyang Jin , Na Na 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVisualization of Hg(II) and MeHg in their native contexts is significant for examining mercury poisoning, while it is challenging because of indistinguishable fluorescent (FL) signals during FL imaging. Herein, visualizations of mercury methylation and dynamic transformations of Hg(II) and MeHg are achieved in living biological systems. Well distinguishable FL responses (blue emission for Hg(II), yellow emission for MeHg) are obtained by a double‐response FL probe (DPAHB) without any interference. As demonstrated by experimental and computational studies, the distinguishable signals are attributed to selective binding with DPAHB and different inhibition of excited‐state proton transfer. Through control tests for live‐dead markers, mercury methylation is demonstrated to be employed in living biological systems. Therefore, the methylation and dynamic transformations of both ions are monitored in zebrafish by imaging, and these results are confirmed by traditional high‐performance liquid chromatography‐based methods. The methylation of Hg(II) to MeHg, dynamic transformations and final accumulations of both species in zebrafish tissues are visualized successfully. This method is also convenient for fast evaluation of detoxification reagents. This is the first visualization of in vivo mercury methylation and dynamic transformation of both species and is effective for studying pathological processes in their native contexts.