bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic variability and transgenerational regulation of investment in sex in the monogonont rotifer Brachionus plicatilis
Authors: Seudre Océane , Vanhoenacker Eloïse , Mauger Stéphane , Coudret Jérôme , Roze Denis 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn cyclical parthenogens such as aphids, cladocerans and rotifers, the coupling between sexual reproduction and the production of resting stages (diapausing eggs) imposes strong constraints on the timing of sex. Whereas induction of sex is generally triggered by environmental cues, the response to such cues may vary across individuals according to genetic and nongenetic factors. In this study, we explored genetic and epigenetic causes of variation for the propensity for sex using a collection of strains from a Spanish population of monogonont rotifers (Brachionus plicatilis) in which variation for the threshold population density at which sex is induced (mixis threshold) had been documented previously. Our results show significant variation for the mixis threshold among 20 clones maintained under controlled conditions for 15 asexual generations. The effect of the number of clonal generations since hatching of the diapausing egg on the mixis ratio (proportion of sexual offspring produced) was tested on 4 clones with contrasted mixis thresholds. The results show a negative correlation between the mixis threshold and mixis ratio, as well as a significant effect of the number of clonal generations since fertilization, sex being repressed during the first few generations after hatching of the diapausing egg.
Seasonal intestinal coccidiosis in wild bluegill Lepomis macrochirus is associated with a spring bacterial epizootic
Authors: Lovy Jan , Friend Sarah E. , Lewis Nicole L. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWild bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque, succumb to seasonal mortality in the early spring during cool water temperatures, shown previously to be related to bacteraemia caused by a psychrotrophic bacterium, Pseudomonas mandelii. In the study herein, intestinal coccidiosis in wild bluegill had seasonal prevalence causing heavy intestinal infections and sloughing of intestinal epithelium occurring in late winter/early spring. Infections were predominantly related to two different species, Goussia washuti n. sp., an epicellular coccidium, and a coccidium closely resembling Goussia desseri Molnár 1996, previously only described in percid fish in Europe. In 2019, co‐infections of bacteraemia and intestinal coccidiosis occurred in bluegills. Evaluating coccidium infection intensity by fresh parasite examination and histology, an association was observed in which fish with moderate‐to‐heavy intestinal coccidiosis were 8–12 times more likely to have bacteraemia compared to fish with no or light coccidiosis. The association of these co‐infections suggests that intestinal coccidiosis could contribute to seasonal bacterial epizootics of wild bluegill.
Endoscopic features of submucosal invasive non‐ampullary duodenal carcinomas
Authors: Takinami Masaki , Kakushima Naomi , Yoshida Masao , Sasaki Keiko , Takizawa Kohei , Yabuuchi Yohei , Kawata Noboru , Kishida Yoshihiro , Ito Sayo , Imai Kenichiro , Hotta Kinichi , Ishiwatari Hirotoshi , Matsubayashi Hiroyuki , Ono Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackground and AimIt is imperative to distinguish superficial non‐ampullary duodenal carcinomas (NADCs) between intramucosal and submucosal invasive carcinoma for treatment selection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological differences of intramucosal and submucosal carcinoma.MethodsThis was a retrospective, single‐center study comprising 134 patients with 137 superficial NADCs during May 2005 and March 2018. Clinicopathological characteristics and treatment outcomes data were used to perform a comparative analysis of endoscopic findings, preoperative diagnoses of depth of cancer, and treatment outcomes of histologically diagnosed intramucosal and submucosal carcinoma.ResultsOf the 137 NADCs, 125 (91%) were intramucosal, and 12 (9%) were submucosal. The proportion of submucosal carcinoma was significantly higher on the oral side of the papilla than on the anal side (16% vs 1%, P = 0.002). Submucosal tumor‐like appearance was more frequent in submucosal than in intramucosal carcinoma (58% vs 13%, P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in tumor diameter between the groups, but 33% of submucosal carcinomas were ≤ 10 mm. Correct preoperative diagnosis of depth was achieved in 33% of submucosal carcinoma. Submucosal carcinoma was frequently underestimated when tumor diameters were ≤ 10 mm. Conversely, intramucosal carcinoma was frequently overestimated when the tumor was ≥ 30 mm and had thickness or giant nodules. Lymph node metastasis was found in one submucosal carcinoma patient.ConclusionsThe possibility of submucosal invasion should be considered when NADCs are located on the oral side of the papilla or have submucosal tumor‐like appearance even if tumor diameters are ≤ 10 mm.
Anatomical factors associated with gender recognizability: A study on intraoral standardized photographs
Authors: Corbella Stefano , Alberti Alice , Muzzarelli Martina , Zotti Beatrice , Taschieri Silvio , Francetti Luca 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAimThe aim of this research was to evaluate the possibility of identifying the sex of 1 subject through visual assessment of a frontal photograph of dentition, and to investigate if some morphological characteristics are related to sex determination.Methods5 expert dentists, 5 non‐expert dentists and 5 laypeople were made to watch 100 intraoral photographs for 5 seconds each and to establish their sex. The responses of the participants and the baseline characteristics of photographed dentitions were analyzed.ResultsThe proportion of right answers was 56.0% ± 8.2% in the group of expert dentists, 65.0% ± 6.0% in the group of non‐expert dentists and 58.6% ± 4.5% in the group of non‐expert people. The round shape of maxillary central incisors was related to the female gender (P = .006). The male condition was correlated with poor oral hygiene for 4 observers. Female sex perception was correlated with round morphology of upper central incisors for 3 observers.ConclusionNo difference in the ability to determine the sex was registered among groups, suggesting that sex perception is not strongly influenced by the characteristics of dentition.
Nutritional therapies in the neonatal intensive care unit and post‐natal growth outcomes of preterm very low birthweight Asian infants
Authors: Lee Le Ye , Lee Jiun , Niduvaje Krishnamoorthy , Seah Shirley S‐Y , Atmawidjaja Raymond W , Cheah Fook‐Choe 
Published: October 2019

AimA collaborative study was conducted between two Southeast Asian university hospitals to compare the nutritional intervention and growth outcomes and evaluate the extent of post‐natal growth faltering (PNGF) among very low birthweight (VLBW) infants.MethodsData of all infants admitted during the 2011–2012 period to the two hospitals at Singapore (SG) and Malaysia (MY) were pooled and analysed.ResultsOf the 236 infants, SG infants received lower total protein and energy intake than MY infants (2.69 vs. 3.54 g/kg/day and 92.4 vs. 128.9 kcal/kg/day respectively; P < 0.001) in enteral feeds, with Singaporean infants predominantly fed fortified breast milk than Malaysian infants (45/48 vs. 10/41; P < 0.01). The mean weight z‐score from birth to 36 weeks corrected age was significantly different (SG,−2.2 (0.9) vs. MY, −1.4 (0.7); P = 0.001). More SG than MY extremely low birthweight (ELBW) infants had severe PNGF >−2 SDS (55 vs. 16%; P = 0.001). The greater use of a diuretic in SG to treat haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) may have contributed to the higher PNGF rate. Mean growth velocity of at least 15 g/kg/day was attained by VLBW infants only from Day 14 and by ELBW infants only from Day 28 post‐natally. Overall, severe PNGF rates (z‐score change >−2 SDS at 36 weeks' corrected age) were 28.8 and 36.5% for VLBW and ELBW infants, respectively.ConclusionsBeing very preterm, ELBW with hsPDA and receiving insufficient protein and energy were risk factors for severe PNGF. Increasing protein and energy content, augmenting fortification of breast milk and concentrating feed volumes, especially if there is an hsPDA, may curb severe PNGF among these infants.
Event marker compliance in actigraphy
Authors: Zibrandtsen Ivan C. , Hernandez Camilo , Ibsen Jette D. , Kjaer Troels W. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractActigraphy is a versatile tool for evaluating sleep−wake cycles over time in the home‐environment. Patients using the Phillips Actiwatch place an event marker when going to sleep and upon awakening. We investigate compliance in pressing the Actiwatch event marker button for patients referred for insomnia, hypersomnia and disorders of circadian rhythm. We retrospectively analysed event markers from 150 patients undergoing actigraphy for 2,117 nights combined. Compliance was evaluated from inspection of actigraphy records, and coded as full or partial. From patient records, a construct called the C‐factor, designed to describe poor social resources and chronic unemployment, was used together with age and sex to predict compliance. We found a mean compliance between 54.0% and 76.3% for a median monitoring duration of 14 days. There was an overall insignificant effect of age (p = .081), but when analysed only for females there was a significant effect of 0.56% pr. year (p = .0038). Compliance was higher for women, Cohen’s d = 0.65 (p = .01). The C‐factor predicts 18.3% (confidence interval 9%–27.5%) lower compliance. Morning and evening compliance are correlated at r = .65. In conclusion, actigraphy event marker compliance is generally moderate or high, with older women exhibiting the highest compliance. C‐factor predicts lower compliance, and this pattern may further translate to other circumstances. If compliance is important, clinicians may want to consider the effects of age, sex and C‐factor.
Role of ancient lakes in genetic and phenotypic diversification of freshwater snails
Authors: Hirano Takahiro , Saito Takumi , Tsunamoto Yoshihiro , Koseki Joichiro , Prozorova Larisa , Do Van Tu , Matsuoka Keiji , Nakai Katsuki , Suyama Yoshihisa , Chiba Satoshi 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEndemic organisms of ancient lakes have been studied as models to understand processes of speciation and adaptive radiation. However, it remains unclear how ancient lakes play roles in genetic and phenotypic diversity of freshwater mollusks. In the present study, we focus on viviparid freshwater snails in the ancient lakes of East and Southeast Asia (Japan and China) to address this question. Using molecular phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial (COI, 16S) and nuclear genes (18S, 28S, H3), we show that patterns of species diversification in viviparid lineages. Colonization to ancient lakes occurred independently in China and Japan at least four times, with subsequent diversification into more than two species within each lake group. Morphological analyses of fossil related viviparids suggest parallel phenotypic evolution occurred in the different lakes and ages. Each lake contained a single lineage which was phenotypically diversified relative to those from other sites. Using genome‐wide SNPs obtained by MIG‐seq, we also examined the genetic structure of three Japanese viviparids, including two endemic species of ancient Lake Biwa. The results suggest that these two species diversified from the population of the third species living in wetlands surrounding the lake. These findings suggest that rapid diversification of lineages and phenotypic divergence can occur in ancient lakes compared to other habitats. Formation of large lakes probably promotes speciation and phenotypic divergence as a result of adaptation into different microhabitats. High numbers of ancient lakes could be a driver of species diversity in Asian viviparid snails.
Behavioral decision‐making model of the intelligent vehicle based on driving risk assessment
Authors: Zheng Xunjia , Huang Heye , Wang Jianqiang , Zhao Xiaocong , Xu Qing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntelligent‐driving technologies play crucial roles in reducing road‐traffic accidents and ensuring more convenience while driving. One of the significant challenges in developing an intelligent vehicle is how to operate it safely without causing fear in other human drivers. This paper presents a new behavioral decision‐making model to achieve both safety and high efficiency and also to reduce the adverse effect of autonomous vehicles on the other road users while driving. Moreover, we attempt to adapt the model for human drivers so that users can understand, adapt, and utilize intelligent‐driving technologies. Furthermore, this paper proposes a combined spring model for assessing driving risk. Thus, we analyze some driving characteristics of drivers and choose “safety” and “high efficiency” as the two main factors that are pursued by drivers while driving. Based on the principle of least action, a multiobjective optimization cost function is established for the decision‐making model. Finally, we design six unprotected left‐turn scenarios at a T‐intersection and three unprotected left‐turn scenarios at a standard two‐lane intersection for applying simulation algorithm and provide a decision‐making map for developing intelligent‐driving technologies. Based on the principle of least action, this paper demonstrates that optimization theory can give insight into drivers’ behavior and can also contribute to the development of intelligent‐driving algorithms. The experimental results reveal that the behavioral decision‐making model can always avoid collision accidents on the premise of ensuring certain efficiency, and it can achieve 97.01%, 94.52%, 96.67%, 91.18%, 101.27%, 83.33%, 102.94%, 103.03%, and 105.77% of time to intersection's maximum pass rate in the considered nine scenarios.
Nursing assistants' perceptions of their role in the resident experience
Authors: Abrahamson Kathleen , Fox Rebekah , Roundtree Aimee , Farris Kristen 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine nursing assistants' perspectives of their role in the nursing home resident experience. Recent efforts to improve nursing home quality are focused on providing person‐centered care and improving the resident experience. However, the literature on nursing home quality lacks the perspective and experiences of nursing assistants themselves, despite their crucial role in the resident experience. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 25 nursing assistants from 17 organizations and seven states. Data were analyzed using an interpretive approach that identified relevant codes and themes. Respondents perceived that they play a pivotal role in the resident experience by providing choices, communicating important information, comforting, and living within the daily reality of cognitively impaired residents. Nursing assistants' challenges included using non‐verbal communication, balancing personal care while maintaining boundaries, and dealing with a perceived lack of trust. Nursing assistants are integral to interpersonal engagement with residents and relationship‐based activities, such as communication, caring, and protecting. Increased nursing assistant input into programs and policies to improve the resident experience is warranted. Quality assessment should incorporate direct input from residents and nursing assistants regarding person‐centered care.
Jenniferann.com, regional development, and realising the aspirations of mana whenua in Pōkeno
Authors: Ryks John , Kilgour Jonathan , Whitehead Jesse , Whetu Amy , Whetu James 
Published: October 2019

AbstractDuring the 1990s, the township of Pōkeno was held up as an example of a declining rural Aotearoa/New Zealand. By‐passed from the national state highway, it lost its status as a service hub and drastic measures were introduced to revitalise the town, including renaming the town “Jenniferann.com.” Pōkeno has since undergone an unlikely transformation, with foreign investment and its location within an extended Auckland commuter zone meaning that the township has grown exponentially. This article describes the transformation of Pōkeno and uncovers what has been missing from discussions about Pōkeno's reinvention, namely, the place of mana whenua.
Fecal microbiota transplantation in a toddler after heart transplant was a safe and effective treatment for recurrent Clostridiodes difficile infection: A case report
Authors: Spinner Joseph A. , Bocchini Claire E. , Luna Ruth A. , Thapa Santosh , Balderas Miriam A. , Denfield Susan W. , Dreyer William J. , Nagy‐Szakal Dorottya , Ihekweazu Faith D. , Versalovic James , Savidge Tor , Kellermayer Richard 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPediatric recipients of SOT have a significantly increased risk of Clostridiodes (formerly Clostridium) difficile infection (CDI), which is associated with adverse outcomes after SOT. Alterations to the intestinal microbiota community structure increase the risk of CDI. FMT is a safe and effective treatment for recurrent CDI in immunocompetent children and adults. While there are increasing data that FMT in immunosuppressed patients is safe and effective without increased risk of infection, data regarding safety and efficacy of FMT in children after SOT are limited. To our knowledge, we report the youngest immunocompromised patient to undergo FMT and the third overall case of FMT in a child after HTx. Our patient presented with five episodes of rCDI in 6 months, and 16S rRNA genetic analysis revealed significant loss of overall microbiota community structure and diversity prior to FMT compared with a donor and a healthy, age‐matched control. After FMT, marked and prolonged (at least 16 months) shifts in the recipient microbiota community structure and diversity were evident, approaching that of donor and healthy, age‐matched control. FMT was well tolerated, restored microbial diversity without any graft or transplant complications, and prevented further rCDI episodes after more than 4 years of follow‐up.
Loyalty or Competence: Political Use of Performance Information and Negativity Bias
Authors: Hong Sounman , Kim Youngrok 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article explores how political principals weigh loyalty and competence in public personnel decisions. Exploiting the abrupt shift in political leadership following the impeachment of President Park Geun‐hye of Korea, the authors examine how the newly elected president made the decision to retain or dismiss 118 agency heads appointed by the previous administration. The evidence shows the importance of loyalty in managerial survival: those who had a political patronage relationship with the ousted president were less likely to survive in the new administration. However, the authors also demonstrate the relevance of competence, as measured by the outcomes of agency performance evaluation. Further, the article shows the existence of negativity bias: the punishment for low performance is greater than the reward for high performance. Finally, the authors provide support for the idea that political principals reward loyalists, but only if they show acceptable levels of competence.
Insinuatio in Lucrezia Marinella’s Essortationi alle donne (1645): Exhorting Marital Harmony And Insinuating Feminist Critique
Authors: Sinclair Amy 
Published: October 2019

AbstractLucrezia Marinella (c.1579–1653) is a pivotal figure in the history of early modern women’s writing. Yet her final non‐fiction contribution to the querelle des femmes, a book of exhortations for women entitled Essortationi alle donne (1645), has received little critical attention. The Essortationi’s ostensibly conservative volte face on the feminist principles that characterise the author’s earlier works has perplexed and divided modern scholars. This article provides a new reading of the Essortationi drawing on the classical rhetorical technique of insinuatio. Through close textual analysis of Marinella’s exhortation to marital harmony as an example, I trace the author’s rhetorical posture of deference to traditional authorities and ideas about marriage and the wife’s role. I show how, as an exercise in insinuatio, this works to ingratiate her audience and mitigate resistance before exposing those authorities and precepts to critical scrutiny. Contextualising the Essortationi within mid‐Seicento Venice reveals how this strategy responded to a cultural climate defined by antifeminism and literary dissimulation. This article both sheds new light on Marinella’s complex, ground‐breaking contribution to the male‐authored Renaissance conduct literature tradition and reveals the sophistication of her rhetoric as she challenges women’s subordination to male authority.
Successful treatment with isavuconazole of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis in a kidney transplant recipient
Authors: Dalla Gasperina Daniela , Lombardi Domenico , Rovelli Cristina , Di Rosa Zaira , Lepera Valentina , Baj Andreina , Nava Alice , Lombardi Gianluigi , Grossi Paolo Antonio 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPhaeohyphomycosis is a diverse group of uncommon mycotic infections caused by dematiaceous fungi which appears to be increasing in incidence, particularly in transplant recipients. Alternaria is the most frequent isolated genus. Subcutaneous, pulmonary and disseminated disease are the most common sites of Alternaria infection in solid organ transplant recipients. We report the first case, to our knowledge, of a kidney transplant recipient with Alternaria alternata subcutaneous infection who was successfully treated with isavuconazole.
Effect of storage of plasma in the presence of red blood cells and platelets: re‐evaluating the shelf life of whole blood
Authors: Huish Sian , Green Laura , Curnow Elinor , Wiltshire Michael , Cardigan Rebecca 
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUNDThere is renewed interest in administering whole blood (WB) for the resuscitation of patients with bleeding trauma. The shelf life of WB was established decades ago based on the viability of red blood cells. However, plasma quality during WB storage is not established.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWhite blood cell– and platelet‐reduced WB (WB–PLT) was prepared using standard processes and compared to WB processed using a platelet‐sparing WBC reduction (WB + PLT) filter. WB (± PLT) was held at 2 to 6°C for 35 days alongside control units of red blood cells (RBCs) in saline, adenine, glucose, and mannitol and liquid plasma. A series of assays explored the coagulation potential and RBC quality.RESULTSWhile fibrinogen and α2‐antiplasmin remained unaffected by storage, other factors varied between components or over time at 2 to 6°C. At 14 days factor V, factor VII, α2‐antiplasmin and free protein S antigen remained on average greater than 0.50 IU/mL or 50%, as appropriate, in WB ± PLT. Factor VIII was on average 0.49 IU/mL in WB+PLT, and 0.56 IU/mL for WB–PLT. Free protein S activity decreased significantly in all arms but remained on average greater than 40% at Day 14. Contact activation was not demonstrated before Day 14. Thrombin generation in plasma remained relatively stable to Day 35 in all arms.CONCLUSIONSClotting factor activity remained at or above a mean of 0.5 IU/mL, or 50%, at Day 14 for factor V, factor VII, factor VIII, free protein S, fibrinogen, and α2‐antiplasmin in all arms. Further data on platelet function in WB+PLT is needed to inform its shelf life.