bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collectivity and Crisis in the Long Twentieth Century
Authors:   Warwick Research Collective
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this essay the Warwick Research Collective (WReC) addresses the question of “what is and isn’t changing” in literary studies by reflecting on the material conditions that structure its disciplinary workscape. The essay notes that the pressures of a specifically academic form of capitalism, responding to and flourishing in a period of institutional crisis, tend to replicate top-down, marketized models of academic entrepreneurship in the ways we read. Departing from more widely favored models of “collaboration” and “interdisciplinarity” as solutions to this problem, the essay reflects instead on the history and potential of the collective as a form of self-organized, nonhierarchical knowledge production. It argues that the interlinked crises of how to read in world-literary terms, and on what scale, unavoidably index more general crises of the humanities and of academic labor when considered against the backdrop of an unstable neoliberal hegemony, particularly that of the mass automatization and shedding of labor. The essay concludes by considering political and literary examples of collaborative authorship before addressing the question of WReC’s own process, a form of joint working-through that the collective regards as fundamental to any emancipatory politics.
Nanoarchitectonics through Organic Modification of Oxide Based Layered Materials; Concepts, Methods and Functions
Authors: (Baitong) Tirayaphanitchkul Chalunda , (Jaa) Imwiset Kamonnart , Ogawa Makoto 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The role of surfaces in materials properties is significantly pronounced when the materials are designed in nanoscopic dimensions. Recent developments of nanomaterials chemistry have led researchers to modify properties as well as impart new functions by the surface modification of various nanomaterials. In this review article, grafting reactions (covalent attachments of functional units) for the surface modification of oxide based nanomaterials are summarized with the emphasis on layered solids, and the preparation and the nanoarchitectures of the products.
Mid-term outcome of volar plate fixation for scaphoid nonunion
Authors: Schormans Philip Marcel Jozef , Kooijman Maria A. , Ten Bosch Jan A. , Poeze Martijn , Hannemann Pascal F. W. 
Published: November 2020

Aims Fixation of scaphoid nonunion with a volar locking plate and cancellous bone grafting has been shown to be a successful technique in small series. Few mid- or long-term follow-up studies have been reported. The aim of this study was to report the mid-term radiological and functional outcome of plate fixation for scaphoid nonunion. Methods Patients with a scaphoid nonunion were prospectively enrolled and treated with open reduction using a volar approach, debridement of the nonunion, and fixation using a locking plate and cancellous bone grafting, from the ipsilateral iliac crest. Follow-up included examination, functional assessment using the patient-rated wrist/hand evaluation (PRWHE), and multiplanar reformation CT scans at three-month intervals until union was confirmed. Results A total of 49 patients with a mean age of 31 years (16 to 74) and a mean duration of nonunion of 3.6 years (0.4 to 16) were included. Postoperatively, the nonunion healed in 47 patients (96%) as shown on CT scans. The mean time to union was 4.2 months (3 to 12). Due to impingement of the plate on the volar rim of the radius and functional limitation, the hardware was removed in 18 patients. At a median follow-up of 38 months in 34 patients, the mean active range of motion (ROM) improved significantly from 89° to 124° (SD 44°; p = 0.003). The mean grip strength improved significantly from 52% to 79% (SD 28%; p < 0.001) of the contralateral side. The mean PRWHE score improved significantly from 66 to 17 points (SD 25; p < 0.001). Conclusion Locking plate fixation supplemented with autologous cancellous bone grafting is a successful form of treatment for scaphoid nonunion. Functional outcomes improve with the passage of time, and mid-term results are excellent with a significant improvement in ROM, grip strength, and functional outcome as measured by the PRWHE. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(12):1697–1702.
High mortality following revision hip arthroplasty for periprosthetic femoral fracture
Authors: Khan Tanvir , Middleton Rob , Alvand Abtin , Manktelow Andrew R. J. , Scammell Brigitte E. , Ollivere Benjamin J. 
Published: November 2020

Aims To determine mortality risk after first revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) for periprosthetic femoral fracture (PFF), and to compare this to mortality risk after primary and first revision THA for other common indications. Methods The study cohort consisted of THAs recorded in the National Joint Registry between 2003 and 2015, linked to national mortality data. First revision THAs for PFF, infection, dislocation, and aseptic loosening were identified. We used a flexible parametric model to estimate the cumulative incidence function of death at 90 days, one year, and five years following first revision THA and primary THA, in the presence of further revision as a competing risk. Analysis covariates were age, sex, and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade. Results A total of 675,078 primary and 74,223 first revision THAs were included (of which 6,131 were performed for PFF). Following revision for PFF, mortality ranged from 9% at 90 days, 21% at one year, and 60% at five years in the highest risk group (males, ≥ 75 years, ASA ≥ 3) to 0.6%, 1.4%, and 5.5%, respectively, for the lowest risk group (females, < 75 years, ASA ≤ 2). Mortality was greater in all groups following first revision THA for PFF than for primary THA. Compared to mortality risk after first revision THA for infection, dislocation, or aseptic loosening, revision for PFF was associated with higher five-year mortality in all groups except males < 75 years with an ASA ≤ 2. Conclusion Mortality risk after revision THA for PFF is high, reaching 60% at five years in the highest risk patient group. In comparison to other common indications for revision, PFF demonstrated the highest overall risk of mortality at five years. These estimates can be used in the surgical decision-making process and when counselling patients and carers regarding surgical risk. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(12):1670–1674.
Safety and efficacy of anterior vertebral body tethering in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Miyanji Firoz , Pawelek Jeff , Nasto Luigi A. , Rushton Paul , Simmonds Andrea , Parent Stefan 
Published: November 2020

Aims Spinal fusion remains the gold standard in the treatment of idiopathic scoliosis. However, anterior vertebral body tethering (AVBT) is gaining widespread interest, despite the limited data on its efficacy. The aim of our study was to determine the clinical efficacy of AVBT in skeletally immature patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Methods All consecutive skeletally immature patients with idiopathic scoliosis treated with AVBT enrolled in a longitudinal, multicentre, prospective database between 2013 and 2016 were analyzed. All patients were treated by one of two surgeons working at two independent centres. Data were collected prospectively in a multicentre database and supplemented retrospectively where necessary. Patients with a minimum follow-up of two years were included in the analysis. Clinical success was set a priori as a major coronal Cobb angle of < 35° at the most recent follow-up. Results A total of 57 patients were included in the study. Their mean age was 12.7 years (SD 1.5; 8.2 to 16.7), with 95% being female. The mean preoperative Sanders score and Risser grade was 3.3 (SD 1.2), and 0.05 (0 to 3), respectively. The majority were thoracic tethers (96.5%) and the mean follow-up was 40.4 months (SD 9.3). The mean preoperative major curve of 51° (SD 10.9°; 31° to 81°) was significantly improved to a mean of 24.6° (SD 11.8°; 0° to 57°) at the first postoperative visit (45.6% (SD 17.6%; 7% to 107%); p < 0.001)) with further significant correction to a mean of 16.3° (SD 12.8°; -12 to 55; p < 0.001) at one year and a significant correction to a mean of 23° (SD 15.4°; -18° to 57°) at the final follow-up (42.9% (-16% to 147%); p < 0.001). Clinical success was achieved in 44 patients (77%). Most patients reached skeletal maturity, with a mean Risser score of 4.3 (SD 1.02), at final follow-up. The complication rate was 28.1% with a 15.8% rate of unplanned revision procedures. Conclusion AVBT is associated with satisfactory correction of deformity and an acceptable complication rate when used in skeletally immature patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Improved patient selection and better implant technology may improve the 15.8% rate of revision surgery in these patients. Further scrutiny of the true effectiveness and long-term risks of this technique remains critical. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(12):1703–1708.
Operative approach influences functional outcome after DAIR for infected total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Pollmann Christian T. , Gjertsen Jan-Erik , Dale Håvard , Straume-Næsheim Truls M. , Dybvik Eva , Hallan Geir 
Published: November 2020

Aims To compare the functional outcome, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and satisfaction of patients who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) and a single debridement, antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR) procedure for deep infection, using either the transgluteal or the posterior surgical approach for both procedures. Methods The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT03161990) on 15 May 2017. Patients treated with a single DAIR procedure for deep infection through the same operative approach as their primary THA (either the transgluteal or the posterior approach) were identified in the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register and given a questionnaire. Median follow-up after DAIR by questionnaire was 5.5 years in the transgluteal group (n = 87) and 2.5 years in the posterior approach group (n = 102). Results Patients in the posterior approach group were less likely to limp after the DAIR procedure (17% vs 36% limped all the time; p = 0.005), had a higher mean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) function score (80 vs 71; p = 0.013), and were more likely to achieve a patient acceptable symptom state for the WOMAC function score (76% vs 55%; p = 0.002). In a multivariable analysis, the point estimate for the increase in WOMAC function score using the posterior approach was 10.2 (95% CI 3.1 to 17.2; p = 0.005), which is above the minimal clinically important improvement. The patients in the posterior approach group also reported better mean HRQoL scores and were more likely to be satisfied with their hip arthroplasty (77% vs 55%; p = 0.001). Conclusion In patients treated with a single, successful DAIR procedure for deep infection of a primary THA, the use of the posterior approach in both primary surgery and DAIR was associated with less limping, better functional outcome, better HRQoL, and higher patient satisfaction compared with cases where both were performed using the transgluteal approach. The observed differences in functional outcome and patient satisfaction were clinically relevant. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(12):1662–1669.
Design Embodiments Using Squeeze-Film Phenomenon to Attain Complete Separation of Contacting Surfaces
Authors: Mares Cristinel , Atherton Mark , Miyatake Masaaki , Stolarski Tadeusz 
Published: November 2020

In this paper four design embodiments that employ SFL to separate surfaces are explored. Section 2 details the fundamental principles of levitation based on SFL and associated Navier-Stokes equations. Section 3 describes four design embodiments utilising squeeze-film mechanism, namely a journal bearing, flexible frame, plain levitating plate and a non-contact gripper, in terms of their analytical description plus experimental and numerical results. Section 4 concludes the paper.
The paper demonstrates that the squeeze-film levitation is a feasible idea and can be implemented by a number of different embodiments. The mechanism of levitation is quite complex, and its computer modelling requires advanced numerical methods. All designs presented have been numerically modelled and the outcomes experimentally validated, which can be considered as the main contribution of this article.
Stigma in coronavirus disease-19 survivors in Kashmir, India: A cross-sectional exploratory study
Authors: Dar Shabir Ahmad , Khurshid Syed Quibtiya , Wani Zaid Ahmad , Khanam Aaliya , Haq Inaamul , Shah Naveed Nazir , Shahnawaz Mir , Mustafa Hena 
Published: November 2020

Background
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has not only spawned a lot of stigma and discrimination towards its survivors but also to their corpses. We aimed to assess the magnitude and correlates of stigma in these survivors, on return to their communities.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional, hospital-based, exploratory study conducted by the postgraduate department of psychiatry, in collaboration with the postgraduate department of chest medicine, Govt. medical college, Srinagar. The study was performed among COVID-19 survivors, who attended the outpatient department after their discharge from the hospital. Socio-demographic characteristics were recorded through semi-structured proforma. Stigma was measured by the stigma questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis.

Results
A total of 91 survivors consented to participate in the study. Almost half (46.2%) of them were in the age group of 30–49 years and close to two-thirds (68.1%) were males. About three–fourths (74.7%) were from the urban background. The mean time from hospital discharge to study entry was 11.7±5.1 [Range(R) = 7–21] days. 98% of survivors provided at least one stigma endorsing response and the total mean stigma score was 28.5±7.1[R = 6–39]. The mean stigma sub-scores were highest for enacted stigma (7.6±1.8) [R = 2–9] and externalized stigma (15.0±4.1) [R = 1–20]. Enacted stigma was significantly high in males as compared to females. Enacted stigma and internalized stigma were both associated with education. Enacted stigma, externalized stigma, disclosure concerns, and total stigma was significantly associated with the occupation. Being unemployed and time since discharge were identified as independent predictors of total stigma.

Conclusion
Our study results showed high levels of enacted and externalized stigma among COVID-19 survivors. Enacted stigma was more among males and in those who were highly educated. Survivor centered and community-driven anti-stigma programs are the need of the hour to promote the recovery and community re-integration of these survivors.
Hemolysis induced by Left Ventricular Assist Device is associated with proximal tubulopathy
Authors: de Nattes Tristan , Litzler Pierre-Yves , Gay Arnaud , Nafeh-Bizet Catherine , François Arnaud , Guerrot Dominique 
Published: November 2020

BackgroundChronic subclinical hemolysis is frequent in patients implanted with Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) and is associated with adverse outcomes. Consequences of LVADs-induced subclinical hemolysis on kidney structure and function is currently unknown.MethodsThirty-three patients implanted with aHeartmate IILVAD (Abbott, Inc, Chicago IL) were retrospectively studied. Hemolysis, Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) and the evolution of estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate were analyzed. Proximal Tubulopathy (PT) groups were defined according to proteinuria, normoglycemic glycosuria, and electrolytic disorders. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze threshold of LDH values associated with PT.ResultsMedian LDH between PT groups were statistically different, 688 IU/L [642–703] and 356 IU/L [320–494] in the “PT” and “no PT” groups, respectively p = 0.006. To determine PT group, LDH threshold > 600 IU/L was associated with a sensitivity of 85.7% (95% CI, 42.1–99.6) and a specificity of 84.6% (95% CI, 65.1–95.6). The ROC's Area Under Curve was 0.83 (95% CI, 0.68–0.98). In the “PT” group, patients had 4.2 [2.5–5.0] AKI episodes per year of exposure, versus 1.6 [0.4–3.7] in the “no PT” group, p = 0.03. A higher occurrence of AKI was associated with subsequent development of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) (p = 0.02) and death (p = 0.05).ConclusionsLVADs-induced subclinical hemolysis is associated with proximal tubular functional alterations, which in turn contribute to the occurrence of AKI and subsequent CKD. Owing to renal toxicity of hemolysis, measures to reduce subclinical hemolysis intensity as canula position or pump parameters should be systematically considered, as well as specific nephroprotective therapies.
EFEKTIVITAS PERENDAMAN INDUK IKAN RAINBOW BOESEMANI (MELANOTAENIA BOESEMANI) DALAM MEDIA PEMIJAHAN YANG MENGANDUNG EKSTRAK TEPUNG TESTIS SAPI TERHADAP JANTANISASI BENIH
Authors: Shoimah Fitriyatus , Hastuti Sri , Yuniarti Tristiana 
Published: November 2020

Ikan rainbow boesemani (Melanotaenia boesemani) merupakan salah satu ikan hias endemik asal Papua. Ikan ini banyak digemari oleh pembudidaya ikan hias, terutama untuk jenis rainbow jantan. Ikan rainbow jantan memiliki warna yang lebih menarik daripada ikan rainbow betina. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas perendaman induk ikan rainbow boesemani (M. boesemani) dalam media pemijahan yang mengandung ekstrak tepung testis sapi terhadap jantanisasi benih. Metode eksperimen yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 perlakuan dan 10 kali ulangan. Ikan uji yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah induk ikan rainbow boesemani jantan dan betina yang berumur 7 bulan. Induk ikan tersebut dipijahkan dalam wadah pemijahan yang telah berisi ekstrak tepung testis sapi dengan perbandingan rasio jantan betina yaitu 1:2, kemudian larva yang menetas dipindahkan kedalam akuarium pemeliharaan dengan kepadatan 50 ekor/wadah dengan waktu pemeliharaan 60 hari. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah pemberian ekstrak tepung testis sapi pada media pemijahan induk dengan dosis A (TTS 0 mg/L) dan dosis B (TTS 80 mg/L). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa derajat penetasan telur ikan rainbow pada perlakuan A yaitu 90,09±1,80% dan perlakuan B 90,21±2,35%. Pertumbuhan panjang mutlak pada perlakuan A adalah 2,52±0,23cm dan bobot mutlaknya 0,350±0,07g, sedangkan panjang mutlak pada perlakuan B yaitu 2,68±0,14cm dan bobot mutlaknya 0,395±0,03g. Prosentase kelamin jantan pada perlakuan B yaitu 79,37±2,27% dan prosentase kelamin betina 20,63±2,27%, sedangkan pada perlakuan A prosentase kelamin jantan yaitu 34,29±2,11% dan prosentase kelamin betina 65,71±2,11%. Kelulushidupan ikan rainbow pada perlakuan A yaitu 88,6±2,12% dan pada perlakuan B adalah 89,2±3,29%. Kualitas air pada media pemeliharaan layak untuk budidaya ikan rainbow (M. boesemani) yaitu suhu 25 - 290C; pH 7,3 - 8,4; dan DO 5,1 - 6,4 mg/L. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu perendaman induk ikan rainbow boesemani (M. boesemani) dalam media pemijahan yang mengandung tepung testis sapi efektif dalam meningkatkan prosentase kelamin jantan sebesar 79,37±2,27%.
Allocating participants: a mathematical model for selection process
Authors: Lim-Apo Flávio Araújo , Reis Silvia Araújo dos , Celestino Victor Rafael Rezende , Carvalho José Márcio 
Published: November 2020

Selections, exams, and tests for knowledge assessment frequently require the participant be present on a facility to take a presential test. In 2017, 6.7 Million participants took the biggest Brazilian exam: Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM). Logistics is a fundamental key to the execution of these events, responsible to select the locations, allocate each participant in one of a list of possible preselect facilities, and hire temporary staff to apply the tests. Deciding the locations that will be used is a crucial step that determines the two major logistical costs (staff and rent), and a bad decision will directly impact the global costs of the event. Hence, the goal of this work is to elaborate mathematical models using Lingo 17.0 to assist the decision makers to decide which locations to use, including the designation where the participant will take the test, first to minimalize the costs and then maximize the participant service level. The resulting models include multiple complex and specific constraints solved extremely fast and focused on not only providing the best solution, but also automating a manual and time-consuming process. In addition, a trade-off curve between cost and participant service level assists the decision maker to select the best option for different scenarios.
Reversed Stein–Weiss Inequalities with Poisson-Type Kernel and Qualitative Analysis of Extremal Functions
Authors: Tao Chunxia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Through conformal map, isoperimetric inequalities are equivalent to the Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev (HLS) inequalities involved with the Poisson-type kernel on the upper half space. From the analytical point of view, we want to know whether there exists a reverse analogue for the Poisson-type kernel. In this work, we give an affirmative answer to this question. We first establish the reverse Stein–Weiss inequality with the Poisson-type kernel, finding that the range of index 𝑝,

q
′

q^{\prime}

appearing in the reverse inequality lies in the interval

(
0
,
1
)

(0,1)

, which is perfectly consistent with the feature of the index for the classical reverse HLS and Stein–Weiss inequalities. Then we give the existence and asymptotic behaviors of the extremal functions of this inequality. Furthermore, for the reverse HLS inequalities involving the Poisson-type kernel, we establish the regularity for the positive solutions to the corresponding Euler–Lagrange system and give the sufficient and necessary conditions of the existence of their solutions. Finally, in the conformal invariant index, we classify the extremal functions of the latter reverse inequality and compute the sharp constant. Our methods are based on the reversed version of the Hardy inequality in high dimension, Riesz rearrangement inequality and moving spheres.
Multiple Periodic Solutions of a Class of Fractional Laplacian Equations
Authors: Cui Ying-Xin , Wang Zhi-Qiang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we study the existence of multiple periodic solutions for the following fractional equation:

(

-
Δ

)

s

⁢
u

+

F
′

⁢

(
u
)

=
0

,

u
⁢

(
x
)

=

u
⁢

(

x
+
T

)

x
∈
ℝ

.

(-\Delta)^{s}u+F^{\prime}(u)=0,\qquad u(x)=u(x+T)\quad x\in\mathbb{R}.

For an even double-well potential, we establish more and more periodic solutions for a large period T. Without the evenness of F we give the existence of two periodic solutions of the problem. We make use of variational arguments, in particular Clark’s theorem and Morse theory.
Temporal coherence properties of laser modules used in headlamps determined by a Michelson interferometer
Authors: Popp Valerie , Ansorg Philipp , Fleck Burkhard , Neumann Cornelius 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this work, an investigation of the temporal coherence properties of radiation which is emitted by laser modules integrated in headlamps is presented. The motivation for these measurements was difficulties concerning the field of classification for laser products which function as conventional headlamps. Based on an experimental setup including a Michelson interferometer, a goniophotometer and a spectrometer, coherence lengths of 92.5 and 147.0 μm are obtained for two different laser modules. The results show that the temporal coherence of the examined radiation is appreciably higher than the temporal coherence of conventionally produced white light. Therefore, at this point in time, laser modules used in headlamps cannot be considered as customary white light sources.