bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sociodemographic and Hematologic Profile of Breast Cancer Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Ethiopia: Case Control Study
Authors: Dejene Fatuma Hassen , Gashe Fikre Enqusilassie , Ahmed Ahmed Ali , Nuramo Adamu Addise , aweke Girma Taye , Woldegeorgis Mathewos Assefa , Abebe Aster Tsegaye 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is among the leading causes of cancer death in women. Different socio-demographic factors have impact on early diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Hematological abnormalities are also some of the conditions to be monitored during diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.Objective: To describe socio demographic and hematologic profile of patients with breast cancer at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital.Methods: Case control study was conducted from May 2018 to June 2019. A total of 230 cases and 230 controls participated in the study. Descriptive analysis was made to assess the socio demographic characteristics. Blood samples for hematological parameters were analyzed, using SYSMEXKX21N hematology analyzer. Independent student t- test was performed to compare the mean hematological parameters of cases and controls. Results: The mean age was 42.8 + 12.1 and 39.3 + 11.1 years for cases and controls, respectively. One hundred (43%) of cases and 34 (14.8%) of controls were illiterate. Moreover, 175 (76.1%) of cases and 155 (67.4%) of controls were married. The mean value of Hemoglobin, Red Blood cell, Packed Cell Volume (13.1 + 1.6g/dl, 4.6 + 0.54/1012/L , 38.7 + 4.5 %, respectively) of cases were significantly lower than the controls (14.0 + 1.3g/dl, 4.8 + 0.47 / 1012/L, 40.5 + 3.5% respectively). The mean platelet and total WBC count were 323.4+ 108.1 x 109/L and 7.1 + 2.8 x 109/L for cases and 282.0 +70.0 x 109/L, and 7.1 + 2.4 x 109/L for controls respectively. In addition, 20.4% of cases and 5.6 % of controls were anemic based on their hemoglobin value.Conclusion and recommendations: The majority of breast cancer cases were less than 40 years of age and illiterate. Most of the RBC parameters of cases were significantly lower than the controls. Therefore, attention should be given to those with the designated hematologic abnormalities.
Biomarkers to Predict the Renal Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy During a Three-Month Follow-Up: Prospective Clinical Trial
Authors: Gala-Bladzinska Agnieszka , Kubrak Tomasz , Czech Joanna , Aebisher David , Gargasz Krzysztof , Danuta Mazur , Przybylski Andrzej 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundChronic cardiorenal syndrome type 2 (CRS-T2) has a complex pathophysiology. The objective of this study was to assess renal function using biomarkers associated with nephron injury sites in patients with CRS-T2 following cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). MethodsThe research included patients with heart failure in NYHA classes II-IV, in whom CRT devices had been implanted. After 3 months of follow-up, the research group was divided into CRT responders and CRT non-responders. Prior to CRT and after 3 months, renal function was assessed using biomarkers measured in urine and blood samples.ResultsCRT was implanted in 56 patients (aged 66 ± 10 years) with CRS-T2 in the course of coronary artery disease (n = 38; 67.9%) or dilated cardiomyopathy (n = 18). Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRCKD-EPI) was 68.55 ± 20.34 mL/min/1.73m2. After three months follow-up CRT responder group were assessed showing a significant decrease in serum prostaglandin D2 synthase (sPGD2S) and albuminuria (uACR) concentrations. Urine samples of the CRT non-responder group showed significant (p <0.05) increases in lipocalin associated with neutrophil gelatinase (uNGAL) concentrations, and a decrease in cystatin C (uCysC) concentration. There were no significant changes in the concentration of serum creatinine (sCr), CysC and eGFRCKD-EPI between the CRT responders and CRT non - responders groups.ConclusionsThe sCr and eGFRCKD-EPI assessment are useless in evaluation of renal function three months after CRT implantation. Biomarkers that account for the pathophysiology of nephron injury in CRS-T2 and change significantly after CRT are: sPGD2S, uACR, uCysC, and uNGAL. Trial registrationThis study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT04516525. Registered 15 August 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04516525.
Magnitude of late initiation of antenatal care and its associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Woldia Public Health Institution, North Wollo, Ethiopia.
Authors: Adere Ashete , Tilahun Sewnet 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The World Health Organization states that every pregnant woman is at risk of complications. Antenatal care is vital to reduce complications and more likely to be effective if women begin receiving care in the first trimester of pregnancy and continue to receive care throughout pregnancy. The maternal mortality ratio in Ethiopia was estimated at 412 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2016.Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study design was used. Data collection was collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. A systematic sampling technique with proportional allocation was used to get the final 390 study participants. Data was entered, cleared, and analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version (SPSS) 20. Descriptive measures were presented with frequencies, tables, and diagrams. A binary logistic regression model was used to identify predictors of late antenatal care initiation.Results: The prevalence of late antenatal care initiation was 59.5% with 95% CI [54.6–64.1]. Residence of the mother [AOR = 5; 95% CI:(1.423, 17.86), Paying for health services [AOR = 13.9;95% CI 3.531, 54.86], Planed for pregnancy [AOR = 13.4; 95% CI:4.018, 44.487], Counseled for ANC [AOR = 13.6; 95% CI:6.090, 63.127] and number of lifetime pregnancies (gravidity) [AOR = 5.5; 95% CI:2.077, 14.36] were factors significantly associated with late initiation of ANC.Conclusion: More than 50% of women attended antenatal care follow-up late from the recommended time of initiation. Residence, payment for pregnancy-related health services, plan for pregnancy, counseling, and advice regarding antenatal care follow-up and gravidity were factors significantly associated with late antenatal care initiation.
Geographic Distribution of Family Physicians in Japan and the United States: A Cross-sectional International Comparative Study
Authors: Okazaki Yuji , Yoshida Shuhei , Kashima Saori , Koike Soichi , Matsumoto Masatoshi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Family physicians are known to distribute more equally among the population than other physicians. The maturity of family medicine, i.e. the length of its history as a part of healthcare system and the population of qualified family medicine experts, may affect the distribution, but this has not been shown in the literature. This study compares the geographic distribution of family physicians in Japan and the United States (U.S.), both of which are developed countries without a physician allocation system by the public sector, but the two countries differ greatly in the maturity of family medicine as a clinical specialty.Methods: This is a cross-sectional international comparative study using publicly available online database on the number of physicians in Japan (Board-certification Database of Japan Primary Care Association, and Survey of Physicians, Dentists and Pharmacists by Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare) and the U.S. (Area Resource File by Health Resources and Services Administration). The municipalities in Japan and counties in the U.S. were divided into quintile groups according to population density. The number of family physicians per unit population in each group of areas was calculated. The geographic distribution of all physicians in Japan was simulated assuming that the proportion of family physicians among all physicians in Japan (0.16%) was increased to that in the U.S (11.8%).Results: The distribution of family physicians in Japan noticeably shifted to the areas with the lowest population density. In contrast, family physicians in the U.S. distributed equally across areas. The distribution of physicians with other specialties (general internists, pediatricians, surgeons and obstetricians/gynecologists) shifted heavily to the areas with highest population density in both countries. The simulation analysis showed the geographic maldistribution of all physicians improved substantially if the proportion of family physicians in Japan increases to that in the U.S. Conclusion: The distribution of family physicians is more equal than other medical specialists, and the immaturity of family medicine can even lead to a rural-biased distribution. In a country with emerging family medicine such as Japan, increasing the number of family physicians may effectively mitigate the urban-rural imbalance of physician supply.
Genome-Wide Identification of AP2/EREBP in Fragaria Vesca and Expression Pattern Analysis of The FvDREB Subfamily Under Drought Stress
Authors: Dong Chao , Xi Yue , Chen Xinlu , Cheng Zong-Ming (Max) 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Drought is a common phenomenon worldwide. It is also one of the main abiotic factors that affect the growth and quality of strawberry. The dehydration-responsive element binding protein (DREB) members that belong to the APETALA2/ethylene-responsive element binding protein (AP2/EREBP) superfamily are unique transcription factors in plants, which play an important role in the abiotic stress response. Results: Here, a total of 119 AP2/EREBP genes were identified in F. vesca, and the AP2/EREBP superfamily was divided into AP2, RAV, ERF, DREB, and soloist subfamilies, containing 18, 7, 61, 32, and 1 member(s), respectively. The DREB subfamily was further divided into six subgroups (A-1 to A-6) based on phylogenetic analysis. Gene structure, conserved motifs, chromosomal location, and synteny analysis were conducted to comprehensively investigate the gene characteristics of FvDREBs. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed distinctive expression patterns among the FvDREB genes in strawberry plants exposed to drought stress. The expression of FvDREB6 of the A-2 subgroup was down-regulated in old leaves and up-regulated in young leaves in response to drought. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis found that FvDREB8 of the A-2 subgroup had the highest expression when plants were subjected to drought stress. Both analyses combined with promoter analysis suggested that FvDREB18 may play a critical role in regulating the expression of FvDREB1 and FvDREB2. Conclusions: Our findings provide new insights into the characteristics and potential functions of FvDREBs. And these FvDREB genes should be further studied as they appear to be excellent candidates for drought tolerance improvement of strawberry.
The abnormal regulation of spliceosome may be a key factor for coronary heart disease: a simple bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Li Zhaoshui , Sheng Wei , Chi Yifan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) has become a major disease threatening human health. As the main species of CVDs, coronary heart disease (CHD) is becoming more and more common. The pathogenesis of CHD, especially at the molecular level, is not entirely clear up to now. Explaining the pathogenesis of CHD is particularly important for its treatment and prognosis. Biological database data analysis via bioinformatics has been an important method for studying gene expression strategy in multiple human disease. The aim of this study was to identify key different expressed genes (DEGs) in CHD and elucidate the biological process of it.Methods: A total of two published microarray datasets of CHD was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Then, bioinformatics analyses including differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis, venn analysis, gene ontology (GO) annotation, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, protein and protein interaction (PPI) network construction was performed. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions (RT-qPCR) were used to detect the expression levels of DEGs in CHD.Results: A total of 122 dysregulated genes were selected as DEGs in CHD. The GO annotation analysis displayed these DEGs involved in DNA transcription and mRNA splicing regulation. The DEGs regulatory network showed the downregulated genes LUC7L3, HNRNPA1, SF3B1, ARGLU1, SRSF5, SRSF11, SREK1, PNISR, DIDO1, ZRSR2 and NKTR were located in the network control center, which were the spliceosome related genes. The RT-qPCR results were consistent with our microarray analysis.Conclusion: The abnormal regulation of spliceosome might be a key factor in the development of CHD, which must play key roles in cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially in CHD. Our study has provided a new idea for the treatment and prognosis of CHD, and the spliceosome might be the potential prognostic biomarkers of it.
A combined tie-fastening method for the reusable surgical gown with two neck tie belts to improve wearing comfort
Authors: Chang Kai-Hui , Chen Yu-Ling , Dai Shu-Yi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective The reusable surgical gowns made of slippery materials have the tendency to slip down as they are being worn. The rear neck tie(s) can sometimes loosen, and this would cause the surgical gown to slip down somewhat, making the medical staff feel uncomfortable. To fasten the neck ties of the surgical gown with 2 neck tie belts, we proposed a simplified method of fastening the 2 sets of tie belts together as one tie, instead of fastening them separately. We evaluated this combined tying method for its ability to secure the gown and its wearing comfort.Results We found that combined tying tends to loosen more than separate tying after vigorous upper extremities exercise. But, for wearing comfort during the actual performance of the surgeries, the combined tying method was significantly better than the separate tying method. As a result, for reusable surgical gowns that have 2 rear neck ties, we suggest the 2 sets of rear neck ties could be fastened together as one combined tie. With this, tying could be performed easier and faster, and wearing comfort could be improved.
[18F]-Fluciclovine PET discrimination of recurrent intracranial metastatic disease from radiation necrosis
Authors: Parent Ephraim Edward , Patel Dhruv , Nye Jonathon A , Zhuo Li , Olson Jeffrey , Schuster David , Goodman Mark 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is often the primary treatment modality for patients with intracranial metastatic disease. Despite advances in magnetic resonance imaging, including use of perfusion and diffusion sequences and molecular imaging, distinguishing radiation necrosis from progressive tumor remains a diagnostic and clinical challenge. We investigated the sensitivity and specificity of 18F-fluciclovine PET to accurately distinguish radiation necrosis from recurrent intracranial metastatic disease in patients who had previously undergone SRS.
Methods
Fluciclovine PET imaging was performed in 8 patients with a total of 15 lesions that had previously undergone SRS and had subsequent MRI and clinical features suspicious for recurrent disease. The SUVmax of each lesion and the contralateral normal brain parenchyma were summated and evaluated at 4 different time points (5 minutes, 10 minutes, 30 minutes, and 55 minutes). Lesions were characterized as either recurrent disease (11 of 15 lesions) or radiation necrosis (4 of 15 lesions) and confirmed with histopathological correlation (7 lesions) or through serial MRI studies (8 lesions).
Results
Time activity curve analysis found statistically greater radiotracer accumulation for all lesions, including radiation necrosis, when compared to contralateral normal brain. While the mean and median SUVmax for recurrent disease was statistically greater than that of radiation necrosis at all time points, the difference was more significant at the earlier time points (p = 0.004 at 5 min – 0.025 at 55 min). Using a SUVmax threshold of ≥ 1.3, fluciclovine PET demonstrated a 100% accuracy in distinguishing recurrent disease from radiation necrosis up to 30 minutes after injection and an accuracy of 87% (sensitivity = 0.91, specificity = 0.75) at the last time point of 55 minutes. However, tumor to brain ratios (TBRmax) were not significantly different between recurrent disease and radiation necrosis at any time point due to variable levels of fluciclovine uptake in the background brain parenchyma.
Conclusions
Fluciclovine PET may play an important role in distinguishing active intracranial metastatic lesions from radiation necrosis in patients previously treated with SRS but needs to be validated in larger studies.
Integrating CO2 capture with electrochemical conversion using amine based capture solvents as electrolytes
Authors: Pérez-Gallent Elena , Vankani Chirag , Anastasopol Anca , Goetheer Earl 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is currently considered as a waste material due to its negative impact on the environment. However, it is possible to create value from CO2 by capturing and utilizing it as a building block for commodity chemicals. Electrochemical conversion of CO2 has excellent potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reaching zero net emissions by 2050. To date, Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) technologies have been studied independently. We report a novel methodology based on the integration of CO2 capture and conversion by the direct utilization of a CO2 capture media as electrolyte for electrochemical CO2 conversion. This has a high potential for reducing capital and operational cost when compared to traditional methodologies. A novel mixture of chemical and physical absorption solvents allowed for the captured CO2 to be converted to formic acid with faradaic efficiencies up to 50 % and with carbon conversion of ca. 30 %. By increasing the temperature in the electrochemical reactor from 20 °C to 75 °C, the productivity towards formic acid increased by a factor of 10, reaching up to 0.7 mmol∙m-2·s-1. The direct conversion of captured CO2 was also demonstrated for carbon monoxide formation with faradaic efficiencies up 45 %.
Atrial Matrix Remodeling in Atrial Fibrillation Patients With Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Fragão-Marques Mariana , Miranda I , Martins D , Barroso Isaac , Mendes C , Pereira-Neves A , Falcão-Pires I , Leite-Moreira A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate atrium extracellular matrix remodeling in Atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with severe aortic stenosis, through histological fibrosis quantification and extracellular matrix gene expression analysis, as well as serum quantification of selected protein targets. Methods: A posthoc analysis of a prospective study was performed in a cohort of aortic stenosis patients. Between 2014 and 2019, 56 patients with severe aortic stenosis submitted to Aortic valve replacement (AVR) surgery in a tertiary hospital were selected. Results: Fibrosis was significantly increased in the AF group when compared to Sinus Rhythm (SR) patients (p=0.024). Moreover, cardiomyocyte area was significantly higher in AF patients vs SR patients (p=0.008). Conversely, collagen III gene expression was increased in AF patients (p=0.038). TIMP1 was less expressed in the atria of AF patients. MMP16/TIMP4 ratio was significantly decreased in AF patients (p=0.006). TIMP1 (p=0.004) and TIMP2 (p=0.012) were significantly increased in the serum of AF patients. Aortic valve maximum (p=0.0159) and mean (p=0.031) gradients demonstrated a negative association with serum TIMP1. Conclusion: Atrial fibrillation patients with severe aortic stenosis present increased atrial fibrosis and collagen type III synthesis, with extracellular matrix remodelling demonstrated by a decrease in the MMP16/TIMP4 ratio, along with an increased serum TIMP1 and TIMP2 proteins.
Alternative Oxidase Gene Induced by Nitric Oxide is Involved in the Regulation of ROS and Enhance the Resistance of Pleurotus Ostreatus to Heat Stress
Authors: Hou Ludan , Zhao Mengran , Huang Chenyang , He Qi , Zhang Lijiao , Zhang Jinxia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Pleurotus ostreatus is easily affected by temperature during its cultivation. Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important regulatory role in the response to abiotic stress, and previous studies have found that NO can induce alternative oxidase (aox) in response to heat stress (HS) by regulating aconitase. However, the regulatory pathway of NO is complex, and the function and regulation of the aox gene in the response to HS remain unclear.Results: In this study, we found that NO affected the NADH and ATP levels, reduced the H2O2 and O2- contents, and slowed the production of O2-. Further RNA-Seq results showed that NO regulated the oxidation-reduction process and oxidoreductase activity, affected the cellular respiration pathway and activated aox gene expression. The function of aox was determined by constructing overexpression (OE) and RNA interference (RNAi) strains. The results showed that the OE-aox strains showed obvious advantages in experiencing growth recovery after exposure to HS. During exposure to HS, the OE-aox strains exhibited reduced levels of NADH, the product of the TCA cycle, and decreased synthesis of ATP, which reduced the production and accumulation of ROS, whereas the RNAi-aox strains exhibited the opposite result. In addition, aox mediated the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes in the mycelia of P. ostreatus under HS through the retrograde signaling pathway. Conclusions: This study shows that the aox gene in P. ostreatus mycelia can be induced by NO under HS, regulates the TCA cycle and cell respiration to reduce the production of ROS, and can mediate the retrograde signaling pathway involved in the mycelial response to HS.