bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review on Surface Characterization Techniques of Polymeric Membrane in Forward Osmosis
Authors: Aziz Siti N. S. A. , Seman Mazrul N. A. , Saufi Syed M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging osmotic process that has been extensively investigated in the past decade. There are many literatures, discussing on the available methods in producing FO membranes as well as researches that emphasis on the type of FO membranes. The quality of the FO membrane often valued based on its intrinsic parameters and its morphological characteristics. Unlike the intrinsic parameters, the surface characteristics regularly described in adjectives thus it is hardly to be consistent. This paper presents a comprehensive review on surface characterization specifically for FO membranes. Regardless the types of FO membranes, the surface characterization comprises of FTIR, XPS, FESEM/SEM, AFM and contact angle were discussed in the way that how the findings should be reported. Thus, through this work, the relevant discussion that should be measured and included when deliberating the analysis result for FO membranes is presented. Insufficient and misinterpreted characterization data might have not changed the novelty fact of the research, yet it may lead to lower its impact. A strong connection between the intrinsic values and surface characteristics would have been compromised as well.
Mechanical and thermal properties of polyurethane/neoprene/graphene blends
Authors: Syahir A , Mat Piah M B , Alhadadi W , Hafidzah F , Desa M S Z , Noor M Z M , Norazmi M , Ramli A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This work investigated the properties of the polyurethane/neoprene/graphene nanocomposites blends specifically in mechanical and thermal aspects for solid ankle cushion heel (SACH) foot in the prosthetic application. The aim of this work was to study the effect of neoprene and graphene contents in mechanical and thermal properties of polyurethane/neoprene/graphene blends. Polyurethane is one of the most frequently used polymers in the medical devices, footwear, automotive and construction industries. Polyurethane which is high mechanical strength, high thermal withstands and flexibility was blended with the additives, neoprene and graphene to reduce the rigidity and enhances the mechanical properties for a prosthetic foot. A solution mixing method was used to prepare the samples with different formulations of polyurethane, neoprene and graphene. The samples were analyzed and characterized in terms of mechanical, thermal and morphology properties. The result shows that the optimum composition blended with 97 wt% polyurethane, 2 wt% neoprene and 1 wt% graphene. The sample possesses high tensile strength (14.38 MPa) and high Young’s modulus (1.11 MPa), high thermal stability, elastic and flexible. The use of a low amount of graphene in polyurethane and neoprene blend has been demonstrated to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of the nanocomposites.
Sugar profile and enzymatic analysis of stingless bee honey collected from local market in Malaysia
Authors: Julika W N , Ajit A , Ismail N , Aqilah N , Naila A , Sulaiman A Z 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Commercial honey is widely available in the market, raising questions whether the honeys are good in quality or otherwise, Thus, this research was designed to compare the quality of harvested stingless bee honey and commercial honey available in the Malaysian market by measuring their sugar profile and enzyme activity. The analysis showed that the honey contained moisture between 16.6% - 32.1%, various sugar starting with fructose (15.03 – 48.44 g/100 g), glucose (12.16 – 40.09 g/100 g), sucrose (<0.01 – 7.29 g/100 g), Fructose + Glucose (F+G) (15.03- 80.25 g/100 g), Fructose/Glucose (F/G) (0.78 – 1.63), and G/W (0.47 – 1.89). Also, diastase activity and Invertase activity of the honey varied from 1.82 to 6.11 DN and 0.27 IN to 4.94 IN, respectively. Eight honey samples including harvested honey, H. Itama and G.Thoracica showing comparable results with past studies and within the limits of Malaysian Standard. However, all honey samples demonstrate lower enzyme activity suggesting that honey from stingless bee has low enzyme activity compare to Apis mellifera honey.
Effects of Petroselinum crispum extract versus fat diet and Dexamethasone induced organ injuries in mice
Authors: Muttalib Mohammed Abdul , Albadri Haider M.Badea , Hussein Hasan Fadhil 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Petroselinum crispumis a herb belonging to the Apiaceae family,it has been usually used for the management of many inflammatory disease due to many pharmacological effects of corticosteroid with a strong anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant properties (ex. dexamethasone), it is famous to cause side effects. It was clearly observed that dexamethasone could induced liver renal and increase the lipid profile in mice. The Petroselinum crispum methanol extract was prepared by soaking of 200 g of each of the pure dry in 1 liter of 90% methyl alcohol with shaking for 5 days, The selected animal groups (eight animals per each group) were grouped as follows Positive control group 1, negative control group 2, group 3 (10%) Petroselinum crispum treated and group 4 (20%). Petroselinum crispumtreated group it was found that Petroselinum crispumhas a clear ant atherosclerosis and a potent liver protection effects.
The effect of Roselle calyces extract on the chemical and sensory properties of cupcakes
Authors: Thanh V T , Tran Nhi Y T , Linh N T V , Vy Tran Anh , Truc Tran Thanh 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Roselle calyces (RC) are a valuable crop for export and manufacture of a typical drink in Vietnam. The RC is widely applied as a natural colorant in different fields such as food and pharmaceutical industries. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of extraction parameters on the nutritional value and sensibility of cupcake added with RC. Examined indicators included lipid, moisture, pH, protein, and ash. Moreover, the sensory properties of cupcakes formulated with Roselle calyces extract were also determined. Compared with the control cupcake, the RC-added cupcake exhibited higher content of moisture, protein, and ascorbic acid, achieving 30.16 ± 0.25, 2.76 ± 0.07 and 37.65 ± 0.64 respectively. In contrast, the level of pH, ash, and lipid experienced a marginal drop, achieving 7.02 ± 0.25, 1.05 ± 0.13 and 14.78 ± 1.01 respectively. Moreover, the Roselle cupcake had 3.74 ± 0.02 mg/L anthocyanin content. The percentage of retention of anthocyanin content at 180°C for 20 minutes was 60.53 ± 0.48. RC cupcakes have high sensory scores (P<0.05) comparing with control RC cupcakes. RC cupcake can be a functional food which has a cost- effective advantage.
Bioelectrochemical Cell (BeCC) integrated with granular activated carbon (GAC) in treating spent caustic wastewater: Effects of solid retention time (SRT) and organic loading rate (OLR)
Authors: Fazli N , Mutamim N S A , Rahim S A 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The study aims to treat spent caustic wastewater by using a bioelectrochemical cell (BeCC) integrated with Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) as the bacterial attachment medium. BeCC is a bioelectrochemical reactor which employs microorganisms for substrates degradation and has the capacity to produce energy simultaneously. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is also known as the bioreactor that could treat wastewater while producing energy. However, the BeCC reactor in the present study is more cost effective than an MFC reactor, since the BeCC was operated without the employment of a proton exchange membrane (PEM). The reactor was operated in a hybrid of anoxic and aerobic conditions whereby a baffle is used as the separator to minimize the oxygen transfer from the cathodic to the anodic side of the reactor. For enhancement of the BeCC performance, 10 g of suspended GAC was added into the BeCC reactor. The use of the suspended GAC is to allow higher surface area available for bacteria attachment. The study determined the best operating solid retention time (SRT) and organic loading rate (OLR) of BeCC in treating spent caustic wastewater and its performance throughout 30 days of operation was evaluated based on its Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal and open circuit voltage (OCV). For SRT study, BeCC was tested at various SRT of range within 10 to 30 days whereas for OLR study, BeCC was tested at various OLR of range within 700 to 900 mg COD/L.d. From the study, the highest COD removal were 94.17% and 92.7% achieved at SRT of 30 days and OLR of 700 mg COD/L.d respectively. Whereas for energy recovery, the highest OCV were 336.4 mV and 362 mV achieved at SRT of 20 days and OLR of 800 mg COD/L.d respectively. Biochemical bacteria identification test was also carried out to identify the bacteria morphology attached on GAC in the BeCC at SRT of 20 days with 700 mg COD/L.d of OLR and it is found that Klebsiella Oxytoca was the dominant bacteria attached on the GAC.
Application of Matlab to Data Processing of Buckling Experiments
Authors: Zhou Jiahui , Yang Peng , Sun Jie , Shi Chenyu , Xue Jianghong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this paper, matlab programs were written to efficiently process the experiment data for buckling and post-buckling of delaminated composite beams. In the experiments, data collected from 810 Material Test System (MTS) and from dial indicator were sampled at different frequencies, thus were not matched with each other in time. To solve this problem matlab programs were developed. It shows that using the developed program, the experiment data from the two testing systems are corresponding and truly reflect the changes of mechanical parameters in the buckling and post-buckling process of specimens in the experiments.
Exploring the Optimal Growth Parameters of Al2O3 Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Li Shuping , Ren Zeqian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
High quality Al2O3 thin film is grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The influence of growth parameters such as growth temperature and purge time on the surface morphology, dielectric constant and so on have been investigated. It is found that Al2O3 thin film at a flow rate of 150 sccm, H2O flow rate of 150 sccm, pulse time of 0.1 s, purge time of 6 s, cycle period of 450 times and growth temperature of 150°C, exhibits the optimal material quality with a growth rate of 0.79 Å/cycle, a root-square surface roughness (RMS) of 0.152 nm and a capacitance of 13.8 nf.
General Stress Fields of Orthotropic Plate with Mode II Crack
Authors: Zhang Long , Jia Purong , Suo Yongyong , Jia Cheng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The plane crack problem of the orthotropic plate is discussed for the shear loading. The solution of this problem is mainly achieved by the complex variable method. Essential equations are introduced fully on the basis of linear elastic mechanics. The stress functions have been given to meet the needs of shear mode II crack states for orthotropic materials. The formulae for stress fields are derived by the complex functions in two cases. With the simplification of relative functions, the expressions of the singular stress fields in the crack-tip are determined by the real functions.
The Effect of Temperature on Properties of CNTs Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Li Hui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this article, the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grown at different temperature by thermal chemical vapor deposition(T-CVD) have been reported, while the effect of growing temperature and catalyst annealing on the quality of CNTs has also been investigated. The longest CNT bundles were grown at the temperature of 730°C by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images and the better quality of CNT bundles were achieved at higher temperatures of 850°C by Raman spectroscopy.
Optimal Combined Process for Treating Oily Wastewater Using Membrane Distillation Technology
Authors: Cui Xiangxu , Ge Yunzhi , Yu Ruoting , Dong Yan , Dai Xiaodong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The membrane distillation technology used in this paper is a new type of wastewater treatment technology, which is now mostly used in seawater desalination and wastewater treatment. The traditional oily wastewater treatment methods have problems such as large energy consumption and low removal rate. It is proposed to use vacuum membrane distillation technology to use a large amount of waste heat in wastewater as the driving force for mass transfer to treat oily wastewater, which not only saves energy, but also effectively counteracts the problem. The solid particles, hydrocarbons and other pollutants contained in the wastewater are intercepted, so that the treated water quality reaches a certain degree of purity and meets the discharge standards. In this paper, the membrane microporous membrane used in the process of membrane distillation is targeted at the problem of membrane pollution Improved to achieve the purpose of reducing costs and increasing membrane life.
Effects of Shot Peening on Fatigue Life of Ground Component of 7075-T6 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Cheng Xiuquan , Zhang Junhao , Sheng Xiangfei , Xia Qinxiang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The aircraft corroded components can continue to be used after removing the corroded portion by grinding and strengthening the ground area by shot peening. The finite element analysis model of the ground specimen with complex shape surface was established based on ABAQUS software. The residual stress distributions under three conditions of without shot peening, ground surface shot peening and three surfaces shot peening were analysed. On this basis, the cyclic alternating load was introduced into the shot peening model, and the fatigue analysis was carried out based on MSC. Fatigue software. The result shows that the position of the maximum tensile stress moves from the surface to the subsurface of the ground specimen after shot peening; shot peening conditions will affect the location of the crack sources, the propagation direction of the crack; with the increasing of the numbers of peened surface, the location of stress danger point shifts from ground surface to side surface or sub-surface, and the crack propagation velocity decreases. All of these increases the fatigue life. The experimental results conform well to the simulation one.
Diamond Scintillation and Quality Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Zhongkui , Guo Ying , Liu Qiutong , Shen Yijiang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The quality of a diamond is not only affected by the 4Cs but also affected by fire and scintillation. The relationship between the color, clarity, fluorescence, and scintillation of a diamond is obtained by associating its scintillation area and gemological characteristics. Take images of 18 round bright cut diamonds in total, for each to rotate 30° to take one and get 12 images by rotating a circle. Rotate the images to the same angle, cut out the square image of 1000*1000 pixels, then calculate the color difference of the image of adjacent angles, and then judge whether scintillation occurs at each point to get the scintillation area of the diamond. The results showed that the lighter the color, the better the clarity and the weaker the fluorescence, then the larger the scintillation area and the more obvious the scintillation. This indicates that the scintillation area has a certain reference value for diamond quality evaluation.
Dynamic Response of Biodynamic Model Seated on a Crashworthy Seat with Composite Absorber
Authors: Li Na , Fu Yi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an energy absorber consists of an inward folding of composite tube. There is no composite debris overflow after the composites collapsing and the debris will fill in the inner of tube to increase the energy absorption. The absorber maintains integrate during crushing and then could be used in a crashworthy structure. Impact tests were conducted to explore the energy absorption performance. To investigate the application of the absorber to the shock-resistance of the seat in the helicopter, a five-degree-of-freedom nonlinear biodynamic model corresponding to 50th-percentile male occupant was setup. Simulations on the responses of the biodynamic with and without absorber were conducted, and the results present effect of the absorber on shock-resistance.
Design of the Transmission Device of the Some Type of the Manipulator
Authors: Ma Yan , Xu Jingxi , Jiang Xingqiao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The transmission part of a manipulator is presented in the paper. The part of manipulator transmission device is analysed and the part of manipulator transmission device is designed. Design and calculation of suction hand is represented. The driving motor is checked, the calculation of the equivalent moment of inertia of the transmission system is gained, the motor moment frequency characteristic is presented, and the starting torque of the stepping motor is determined. And the schematic diagram of the overall structure and the schematic diagram of the motor connection plate is presented. The theoretical support and design reference for the design of the transmission device of the manipulator is presented in the paper.
Three-dimensional Simulation of Turbulent Rectangular Jet Spreading Technology of Carbon Fiber Bundle
Authors: Chen Jinliang , Niu Xuejuan , Zhang Zhun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In order to smoothly spread large-sized carbon-fiber bundle, hot-jet blower is added to a turbulent spreading platform to conduct pre-spreading process. To achieve the best spreading performance, CFD model of the blower are simulated based on the Reynolds average Naiver-Stokes equation. The influence of the relevant geometric parameters and process parameters on the internal flow field are analyzed. The distributions of streamline, surface temperature and air pressure under different working condition are characterized and compared parametrically. The effective area of the nozzle directly contacts with fiber wall surface. Simulating model has been built and crossover experiments have been carried out on the spreading platform to investigate and optimize the influence of jet distance, nozzle air pressure and hot-jet temperature on the spreading performance of fiber bundle. According to the experimental data and simulating results, relevant geometric parameters and process parameters of the nozzle are optimized.
Bi-directional Evolutionary Structural Optimization of Continuum Structures with Multiple Constraints
Authors: Gao Yunkai , Ma Chao , Feng Bo , Tian Linli 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Most of the structural topology optimization problems involved in practical engineering applications are problems with many constraints. Thus, this paper presented an improved bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method for problems with many constraints. Slack variables were introduced to transform the inequality constraints into equality constraints. Then the Lagrange multiplier method converted the multi-constrained optimization problem to an unconstrained optimization problem and an advanced multiplier calculation was proposed. Elemental sensitivity numbers were derived according to the obtained multipliers. The design variables were updated by the BESO method. One numerical example that aimed to minimizing the structural mean compliance and involved volume, fundamental frequency and displacement constraints was used to validate the proposed method. The new method extends the BESO method to topology optimization that has a number of constraints, such as volume, displacement and frequency constraints.
Parametric Design and Numerical Control Simulation of Cylindrical cam Based on Ug8.5
Authors: Ye Xuanlin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper introduces the method and process of parametric modeling and numerical control programming simulation processing of cylindrical cam by using ug8.5 software, improves the design, manufacturing efficiency and precision of cylindrical cam, and realizes the serial design of cylindrical cam. It has been proved by practice that the performance of cylindrical cam is stable and efficient, which greatly shortens the machining cycle of cam and improves the efficiency.
Synthesis and Electrochemical Performance of Nano-sized CuO/TiO2 for Lithium-ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Guangfu , Liu Kuiren , Shao Zhongbao , Li Xuetian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
CuO/TiO2 nanopowder was successfully synthesised by precipitation method. XRD, SEM and galvanostatic testing were applied to study the crystal structure and electrochemical performance of CuO/TiO2. The results showed that the prepared sample was highly-crystalline and exhibited high capacities and well cycle stabilities. The initial discharge capacity of CuO/TiO2 reached 566.5 mAh/g, and retained at 375.9 mAh/g after 20 cycles at 0.1C-rate. It is implied that CuO/TiO2 nanopowder prepared by precipitation method coulde be used as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries.
Direct Electrodeposition of Zno Nanosheets Film on Plastic Substrate
Authors: Xiao Chuanhai , Sun Shang , Lai Qi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A novel and simple method to directly assemble nanostructures onto plastic substrate via a quasi-2D electrodeposition approach was proposed. It was demonstrated that such synthetic method was feasible for flexible electronics, as exemplified by the fabrication of ZnO nanosheets film photoresponse devise onto flexible transparent, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate that can withstand bending. This direct assembly strategy is general to other nanostructures onto plastic substrate which can be electrodeposited.
Tyre Side-Slip Deformation of Dual-Steering Multi-Axle Vehicles Based on Steady-State Cornering
Authors: Wang Yunchao , Hu Zhichao , Li Bo , Li Zixu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
It is well-known that the tyre side-slip deformation is a static indeterminacy problem for the full-vehicle tyres. For the dual-steering multi-axle vehicles on steady-state cornering, it is a closed and dissipative system in a stable dynamic balance state. Therefore, the minimum energy dissipation rate principle is adopted to solve the above indeterminacy problem. Moreover, a new method is proposed to develop a formula for calculating the tyre side-slip angles of the vehicles with dual steering systems (DSS). The validity of the formula is examined using the formula from literature and simulation results of the reference model
Key Structural Parameters Analysis of Effective HydroClean Drill Pipe
Authors: Tao Chen , Yuguo Jin , Feng Chen , Qinfeng Di , Wenchang Wang , Qing Li 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In directional well, horizontal well and extended reach well, there is a common problem that cuttings bed is easy to form in the process of drilling in highly deviated section. To solve this problem, an Effective Hydro Clean Drill Pipe (EHCDP) is designed, and the flow characteristics of the annular flow field under the action of EHCDP are analyzed by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation technology. On this basis, the key structural parameters affecting the swirl characteristics of EHCDP are studied. The results show that when the number of spiral grooves is 3, the axial and tangential velocities of annular fluid in spiral groove section will be greater, which is conducive to carrying and removing cuttings. Compared with the inclination angle of spiral groove with 1000 mm lead, that of spiral groove with 500 mm lead is larger, which has more obvious stirring effect on flow field, and the effect of cuttings removal is better. In addition, the spiral groove with 90 degree groove angle is more conducive to cuttings removal than the spiral groove with 30 degree groove angle. The results can provide a basis for the selection and optimization of structural parameters of spiral groove.