bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of gas-grain chemical models to surface reaction barriers
Authors: Simončič M. , Semenov D. , Krasnokutski S. , Henning Th. , Jäger C. 
Published: March 2020

Context. The feasibility of contemporary gas-grain astrochemical models depends on the availability of accurate kinetics data, in particular, for surface processes.
Aims. We study the sensitivity of gas-grain chemical models to the energy barrier Ea of the important surface reaction between some of the most abundant species: C and H2 (surface C + surface H2 → surface CH2).
Methods. We used the gas-grain code ALCHEMIC to model the time-dependent chemical evolution over a 2D grid of densities (nH ∈ 103, 1012 cm−3) and temperatures (T ∈ 10, 300 K), assuming UV-dark (AV = 20 mag) and partly UV-irradiated (AV = 3 mag) conditions that are typical of the dense interstellar medium. We considered two values for the energy barrier of the surface reaction, Ea = 2500 K (as originally implemented in the networks) and Ea = 0 K (as measured in the laboratory and computed by quantum chemistry simulations).
Results. We find that if the C + H2 → CH2 surface reaction is barrierless, a more rapid conversion of the surface carbon atoms into methane ice occurs. Overproduction of the CHn hydrocarbon ices affects the surface formation of more complex hydrocarbons, cyanides and nitriles, and CS-bearing species at low temperatures ≲10−15 K. The surface hydrogenation of CO and hence the synthesis of complex (organic) molecules become affected as well. As a result, important species whose abundances may change by more than a factor of two at 1 Myr include atomic carbon, small mono-carbonic (C1) and di-carbonic (C2) hydrocarbons, CO2, CN, HCN, HNC, HNCO, CS, H2CO, H2CS, CH2CO, and CH3OH (in either gas and/or ice). The abundances of key species, CO, H2O, and N2 as well as O, HCO+, N2H+, NH3, NO, and most of the S-bearing molecules, remain almost unaffected.
Conclusions. Further accurate laboratory measurements and quantum chemical calculations of the surface reaction barriers will be crucial to improve the accuracy of astrochemical models.
Score-based improvement of the indication for surgical treatment of thyroid lesions
Authors: Eilsberger Friederike , Hartenstein Max Lennart , Librizzi Damiano , Metzger Giulia , Luster Markus , Verburg Frederik A. , Pfestroff Andreas 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The prevalence of focal lesions in the thyroid is high in Germany. In 2018 about 70 000 thyroid surgeries were performed, although the malignancy rate of such findings is low. For this reason it is important to conduct an adequate selection of patients for whom surgery is indicated.
Aim The aim of our work was to validate the preoperative indication for surgery of thyroid lesions based on an independent, self-developed clinical score.
Patients and Methods The patient data were evaluated retrospectively over the period 2013 to 2014. A prerequisite for inclusion was that the patients had carried out their complete treatment in domo. The multiparametic score was determined retrospectively and ranges from 3 to 15. The subjective improvement of symptoms (self-disclosure > 6 months postoperatively) and the presence of malignant histology were evaluated as positive outcome parameters.
Results From a collective of 180 patients, 36 patients could be included, in whom all score-relevant parameters had been surveyed. The score distribution was 10 % score 3, 12.5 % score 4, 25 % score 5, 25 % score 6, 12.5 % score 7, 7.5 % score 8, 5 % score 9 and 2.5 % score 10. Using ROC analysis shows an AUC of 0.903, which is a very good differentiation. With a CUT-off score of 7 or higher, 86 % of patients have benefited from surgery.
Conclusion Our score with the parameters clinical complaints, sonographically defined size of the thyroid and the cytological result of a fine needle biopsy can lead to an improvement of the indication for surgical treatment of thyroid nodules.
Transtemporal Suprajugular Approach with Neck Dissection for Jugular Foramen Tumor Resection: Operative Video
Authors: Sarris Christina E. , Stevens Shawn M. , Almefty Kaith K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis video demonstrates the transmastoid suprajugular approach with neck dissection to a solitary fibrous tumor involving the jugular foramen and upper cervical region. This patient was a 39-year-old man who presented with dysphagia and cranial nerve (CN) XI and CN XII palsies. Imaging revealed a large homogenously enhancing lesion involving the jugular foramen and extending into the retropharyngeal space (Fig. 1). Radiographic findings supported a diagnosis of jugular foramen schwannoma. After an initial period of observation, the tumor demonstrated significant growth, and the patient agreed to proceed with surgery. The suprajugular approach allowed for exposure and resection of the tumor without mobilization of the facial nerve. The patient had an excellent clinical outcome with House–Brackmann grade-1 facial function, safely tolerated a regular diet, had intact CN XI function, and had a stable CN XII palsy (Fig. 2). Pathology findings identified the tumor as a hemangiopericytoma World Health Organization grade 1 (solitary fibrous tumor).The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/C4sPyHcLMA0.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Fecundation, Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Authors: Politano Carlos Alberto , López-Berroa Jorge 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLong-chain omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as the eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, have been linked to human health in all stages of life, from fetal development to aging. These PUFAs act as precursors for various metabolites involved in the prevention of certain diseases. The recognizable effects of these supplements prior to pregnancy (oocyte maturation), during pregnancy (improvement in the risk of premature delivery, among others) and in the offspring (in terms of cognitive function and the approach to neurodevelopmental disorders) are described in the present narrative review. We concluded that the diffusion of these supplements may improve the prognosis of these patients in a simple, effective way, and with high safety rates.
Platelet Count and Function during Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Cashen Katherine , Meert Kathleen , Dalton Heidi J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a form of life support used to treat neonates, children, and adults with cardiorespiratory failure refractory to conventional therapy. This therapy requires the use of anticoagulation to prevent clotting in the extracorporeal circuit, but anticoagulation also increases the risk of bleeding on ECMO. Both bleeding and thrombosis remain significant complications on ECMO and balancing these risks is challenging. Acquired platelet dysfunction is common during ECMO and quantitative and qualitative platelet dysfunction contributes to bleeding risk. Optimal platelet count, function, and transfusion thresholds are not well established during pediatric ECMO. In this review, we provide an overview of hemostatic alterations during ECMO, changes in platelet count and function, platelet monitoring techniques, bleeding risk, and future needs to best optimize patient management and care.
The carbon content of Earth and its core
Authors: Fischer Rebecca A. , Cottrell Elizabeth , Hauri Erik , Lee Kanani K. M. , Le Voyer Marion 
Published: March 2020

SignificanceCarbon is critical to life on Earth, climate regulation, and many geological processes. Despite its importance, the amount of carbon in the planet has been poorly understood due to uncertainty in the composition of Earth’s core, likely the largest reservoir of carbon. Here, we demonstrate that carbon becomes increasingly compatible in silicate compared to metal at the high pressures and temperatures at which Earth’s core formed. Therefore, carbon can only be present in the core in low abundances, although the core still likely holds the vast majority of the planet’s carbon.
Ancient engineering of fish capture and storage in southwest Florida
Authors: Thompson Victor D. , Marquardt William H. , Savarese Michael , Walker Karen J. , Newsom Lee A. , Lulewicz Isabelle , Lawres Nathan R. , Roberts Thompson Amanda D. , Bacon Allan R. , Walser Christoph A. 
Published: March 2020

Significance
Fish were captured and stored by Native Americans of southwestern Florida in complex walled structures called watercourts, constructed of shell and other sediments. These structures were engineered with knowledge of tidal systems, hydrology, and the biology of species to be stored in these courts. This work documents the considerable ability of the Calusa, a nonagricultural society, to engineer systems that significantly alter their natural environment. These structures are associated with an ever-growing population and complex system of governance among the Calusa of Florida.
Developing SIMASTI to disseminate information of season prediction and prepare for adaptation strategies in agriculture to climate change
Authors: Sekaranom A B , Nurjani E , Harini R , Mutaqin A S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Even though climate change has a multisectoral impact on the agricultural country Indonesia, farming sector experiences the most significant adversity. The concomitant climate uncertainty potentially harms in particular traditional farmers. Current technology is now able to predict weather and climate conditions, and as such, it is useful for farmers as an input to their decision-making process in farmland management. This paper explains the design of a mobile application created by researchers to present information on seasonal weather prediction that fits adaptation measures in the agricultural sector to climate variability. The product can help to enhance the adaptation capacity of communities to erratic climate, particularly farmers and the Office of Agriculture in Temanggung District. Also, the application is expected to provide recommendations for both parties to be able to reduce crop failure and subsequent loss due to climate variability and increase the resilience of farmers to climate change impact, especially the persistent increase and decrease in rainfall each in the rainy and dry season.
Smorph application for landslide identification in Kebumen Regency
Authors: Ramdhoni F , Damayanti A , Indra T L 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Indonesia is a country that has natural geological disasters. One of the most frequent geological disasters in Indonesia is a landslide. Landslides are movements of rock or soil mass due to gravitational forces pulling down accompanied by a driving force on the slopes greater than the innate material. Identification and mapping of landslide potential areas has an important role as an effort to overcome and anticipate landslides. One of methods that can be used to determine potential landslides is the SMORPH method. The SMORPH method will produce a landslide classification based on a matrix between slope angle and slope form. This study aims to analyze the landslides potential distribution area in Kebumen Regency. Landslide identification was carried out at 30 locations of landslide events. Spatial analysis of landslide potential is done by overlaying the slope angle with slope form. The potential level for low landslides has a percentage of 79.54% in the southern and central parts of Kebumen Regency, the level of moderate potential level with a percentage of 8.81% randomly scattered over the Kebumen Regency, and 11.65% of high potential level in the north and southwest of Kebumen Regency.
Building volcanic disaster resilience community through school and education
Authors: Mei E T W , Putri R F , Sadali M I , Febrita D , Yulandari E D , Anggriani M , Niam R A , Rasyida F Z O , Wardhani A G , Paramita T P 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
School has a significant role in building community resilience since school has the responsibility to deliver knowledge and science in a one hand, and has the capacity to implement disaster risk reduction education in the other hand. Having more than eighty schools located in volcanic disaster prone areas, Merapi volcano is one of the most densely populated volcanoes in the world. Therefore, it is important to understand the role of schools in implementing disaster risk reduction education through a program entitled Sister School and to 1nalyse teachers’ and pupils’ knowledge and experience on volcanic disaster and risk reduction awareness program. In addition, this research tries to 1nalyse their acceptance towards this disaster resilience program. This research was conducted in two schools located in a volcanic prone area, one as affected school and one as supporting school. The results showed that schools located in the highest volcanic prone area participate in the Sister School program. Most of teachers and pupils of the affected school and supporting school have good knowledge on volcanic disaster since most of them experienced the 2010 Merapi volcanic eruption and participated different volcanic risk reduction awareness programs. Teachers and pupils have positive acceptance towards sister school program.
Land priority area for agribusiness development based on human and economic resources in Central Java
Authors: Putri R F , Aji A , Sulistya A R 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe agricultural sector is the main sector almost in every region in Indonesia and also in Central Java. The agricultural sector needs more land for agribusiness development. Agribusiness development referrals are away on making use of those potentials. This study aims to determine the land priority area for agriculture development based on human and economic resources in Central Java using DR (Dependency Ratio), LP (Labour Productivity), LQ (Location Quotient), Food Security, and Land Carrying Capacity (LCC) and the analysis using SWOT method. The results showed the DR is <50, and the labor productivity in the industrial sector is greater than the agricultural sector. The GDP of the industrial sector is greater than the agricultural sector, in which the value of LQ> 1, where the agricultural sector is the main sector and the agribusiness sector is expected to improve the welfare of the population through poverty reduction and the increase of HDI in Central Java.
Integration of participatory and aerial mapping for sea turtle conservation zoning in Malang coastal area
Authors: Sunarto  , Purnama I L S , Mardiatno D , Malawani M N , Prasetyaningrum A , Safitri A E , Sasongko M H D 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
One of the sea turtle nesting habitats in Indonesia is located on the southern coast of Java Island. Bajul Mati and Jolangkung coastal areas, Malang Regency are locations of sea turtle nesting that exist in Java Island and already had conservation efforts along with it. The data inventories are nesting area data gathering and the result of sea turtle nesting which is aimed to develop conservation efforts. The purpose of this research is to integrate participation maps with aerial photographs and to identify potentials and challenges of the eco-tourism activity in the coastal area of Malang Regency. The data used are participation maps nesting point, aerial photographs result, and plotting point of nesting. The method in this research includes digital participation maps making which is then integrated with aerial photographs result and plotting point of nesting. The result of this research is integration maps of participation with aerial photographs which show in coastal area zonation as the habitat of sea turtle nesting and conservation area zonation. The conservation area zoning is one form of education for the ecotourism approach. The challenge of eco-tourism activity is to grow the regional government’s trust and commitment to join and participate in sustainable eco-tourism.
Carrying capacity trend and projection analysis for Sumatra Selatan agricultural land in 2030
Authors: Kafafa U , Nadia H , Fadilah G O , Abadi A W , Putri R F 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This research is conducted to determine and analyze carrying capacity of agricultural land of Sumatra Selatan in 2015 as well as to project it in 2030. The analysis is also carried out to describe the Optimum Population Number and Land Requirement per Hectare of each regency and municipality in 2030. The research method applied using quantitatively descriptive method in which the data is collected from secondary source such as Agricultural Ministry and Central Statistics Agency publication and supported by literature study. The result shows that Sumatra Selatan has high carrying capacity (τ > 1) in 2015 and 2030. It means that the province is capable of food self-sufficiency since the province is underpopulated. The projection indicates that there is decline of carrying capacity in 2030 occurring across the province. For example, Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU) Regency which previously has high carrying capacity, is predicted to have experience low carrying capacity.
The community-based conservation management in gunung sewu unesco global geopark cased study of Nglanggeran Geoheritage
Authors: Suyanto A , Haryono E , Baiquni M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Nglanggeran geoheritage is considered successful, sustainable, and get some recognition from the national and international organization. This site has established purely from the community engagement to take care of their environment by restoring the environment around the ancient volcano areas. The objective of the research is to explore the management model and community participation in conservation activities at the site. The data were collected by the field survey and interview at Nglanggeran village. The data is analyzed by descriptive analysis. The result shows the village create its characteristic strategy to conserve the geoheritage through tourism based on its local resource combined with the concept of Community-based conservation (CBC) adopting from ASEAN Community Based Tourism (CBT) Standard. Nglanggeran stakeholder was able to meet the standard, especially in Standards for conserving natural resources and Standards for conservation activities to improve the environment. The community-based conservation can contribute to the objectives of Agenda 21 at the local scale, highlighting the potential for interaction between socioeconomic development and conservation of the geoheritage natural environment. The community-based conservation is a starting point for tourism to preserve geoheritage through involving and raising public awareness of local communities.
The spatial distribution of nitrate and phosphate in Sempor Reservoir, Kebumen Regency, Central Java
Authors: Suprayogi S , Rachma H A , Latifah R 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Sempor Reservoir is used for irrigation, domestic, industrial, and tourism purposes, as well as hydroelectric power plant and inland fish farming in pens. The land use in its catchment area is mainly plantation (74%) and, followed by, rice field (8.13%), dry farmland (7.74%), and settlement (5.69%). Agricultural activities, both in irrigated and rainfed farming systems, apply fertilizers to maintain crop quality, but when these substances washed away by surface runoff and transported through the drainage system, they end up increasing nutrients in water bodies. Excess nutrients like nitrate and phosphate induce a rapid growth of algae and aquatic plants, disrupting the ecosystems. This study was designed to identify the spatial distribution of nitrate and phosphate in Sempor Reservoir by field observation, water sampling, and laboratory analysis. The water was collected from 25 sampling points distributed at the outlet (close to the spillway), in the middle and the upstream of the reservoir, and around the fish pens (near the check dam). The results showed that nitrate was present on the reservoir water surface and at a depth of 1 meter at varying concentrations, i.e., <0.01-0.36 mg/L. The phosphate levels were <0.01-0.31 mg/L on the surface and <0.01-4.78 mg/L at a depth of 1 meter. The upstream had very high nitrate concentrations both on the surface and at a depth of 1 meter, while the outlet had very high content only at a depth of 1 meter. As for phosphate, very high concentrations were identified in the middle surface of the reservoir (near the pier) and at 1m depth around the fish pens.
Water quality analysis of bribin underground river as the source of raw water for a government-owned water company (pdam) in the bribin management unit, Gunungkidul regency-Indonesia
Authors: Widyastuti M , Irshabdillah M R , Firizqi F 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Bribin Underground River supplies raw water for a government-owned water company, PDAM, and has more potential than the other three of its sources, namely Baron, Seropan, and Ngobaran. In addition to sufficient quantity, raw water has to meet a set of water quality standards. This research was intended to describe the quality of raw water from the source to the service areas spatially. The water quality was measured directly in the field and then in the laboratory using the water samples collected by the purposive sampling technique. The test analyzed physical, biological, and chemical parameters. According to Governor Regulation No. 20 of 2008, some water quality parameters of Bribin Underground River exceed the standards for Class I raw water i.e. TSS, pH and NO3. Besides, according to the Decree of Health Minister No 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010, pH and total coliform number exceed the standard. A spatial variation in water quality was detected from Bribin Underground River to customer taps, especially in parameters that have significant changes, such as pH, EC, TDS, TSS, nitrate, and total coliform. Spatially, the content of TDS and EC that correlates each other show a fluctuating result according to water flow treatment in water treatment plant (WTP) and the reservoir. pH and total coliform show increasing trends of number from the source to customer taps, whereas TSS and nitrate show decline trends.
Water balance analysis of springs in Banjarasri Village, Kalibawang Sub-District, Kulonprogo District
Authors: Santosa L W , Harsanti A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Water is essential for all living things and has an important role in human life. A spring is groundwater that comes to the ground surface naturally and centrally and forms a water flow. Springs is important and vital for some region in providing water sources. One of the regions using springs as the main water resource is Banjarasri Village. The usage of spring should be recked to avoid lack of water in the future. The objectives of the study were (1) to calculate the availability of springwater in Banjarasri Village, Kalibawang Sub-District, Kulonprogo Regency (2) to calculate the water demand based on domestic use and livestock utilization in Banjarasri Village, and (3)calculate the water balance of spring. The method used is a survey and field measurements to counting the availability of springwater, interviews to determine the amount of water demand, and the water balance method to analyze the amount of water availability and demand. The availability of total water in the dry season is 138,544 m3/year, while the rainy season is 227,888 m3/year. The total water needed is 91,200 m3/year consisting of domestic water needs and livestock water needs. The results of the water balance calculation show the total water availability can meet the water needs of the population in one village, but the uneven distribution causes some hamlets to have deficit water. The dry season surplus is 47343 m3/year, while the rainy season surplus is 137,220 m3/year.