bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volatile Organic Compounds Exposure During Breast Surgery in Operating Rooms of A Hospital
Authors: Cheng Ming-Huei , Chiu Chun-Hui , Chen Chi-Tsung , Chou Hsu-Huan , Pao Li-Heng , Wan Gwo-Hwa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The composition and concentration distribution of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in surgical smoke had seldom reported. This study aimed to investigate the profile of VOCs and their concentration in surgical smoke from breast surgery during electrocautery in different tissues, electrosurgical units, and electrocautery powers.Methods: Thirty-eight surgical smoke samples from 23 patients performed breast surgery were collected using evacuated stainless steel canisters. The concentrations of 87 VOCs in surgical smoke samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The human tissues, electrosurgical units, and electrocautery power were recorded.Results: The median level of total VOCs concentrations in surgical smoke samples from mammary glands (total VOCs: 9,953.5 ppb; benzene: 222.7 ppb; 1,3-butadiene: 856.2 ppb; vinyl chloride: 3.1 ppb) using conventional electrosurgical knives were significantly higher than that from other tissues (total VOCs: 365.7–4,266.8 ppb, P < 0.05; benzene: 26.4–112 ppb, P < 0.05; 1,3-butadiene: 15.6–384 ppb, P < 0.05; vinyl chloride: 0.6–1.9 ppb, P < 0.05). A high methanol concentration was found in surgical smoke generated during breast surgery (736.7–4,304.6 ppb) using different electrosurgical units. An electrocautery power of ≥27.5 watts used for skin tissues produced a higher VOCs concentration (2,905.8 ppb).Conclusions: The surgical smoke samples collected from mammary glands using conventional electrosurgical knives had high VOCs concentrations. The carcinogens (including benzene, 1,3-butadiene, and vinyl chloride) and methanol were found in the surgical smoke samples from different electrosurgical units. The type of electrosurgical unit and electrocautery power used affected VOCs concentrations in surgical smoke.
Prospective Analysis of Wound Infection Following Cesarean Section
Authors: Shukkur Sahrun Al , Rao Bharathi , Zubair Sabah Mohd 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: To study the risk factors among women who develop postoperative wound infection following caesarean section, and to analyze the microbiological pattern and antibiotic sensitivity. Method: This prospective hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in government Lady Goschen Hospital, Mangalore, between October 2016 to March 2018, enrolled women who developed surgical site infections (SSI) within 30 days of caesarean delivery performed in the hospital. Descriptive statistics were used for socio-demographic variables and appropriate univariate and multivariate analysis used to find the association between continuous and categorical variables with a p-value of <0.05 taken as statistically significant.Results: Out of 4540 cesarean deliveries, 52 (1.1%) cases developed SSI. Surgical site infections were found significantly associated with maternal age above 25years, BMI>27Kg/m2 (p<0.001), hypertension, diabetes (p<0.001), the urgency of caesarean delivery, prolonged operative duration, technique and suture material (p<0.001) used. Poliglecaprone (monofilament) was found suitable for subcutaneous tissue and skin closure. Out of 38 cases with microbial growth, 52% cultured Staphylococcus aureus with 60% displaying methicillin resistance, followed by Diphtherioids (22%) and Pseudomonas (10.5%). Majority isolates showed higher sensitivity to Linezolid, Clindamycin and Vancomycin.Conclusion: Apart from maternal factors, the surgeon’s operative skill & technique, and suture material also contribute significantly to the development of SSI. A developing trend towards resistance to higher antibiotics was noted among Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Gentamicin and Linezolid were found as effective as second-line agents. Hence maintenance of quality asepsis and a hospital-based antibiotic policy is vital.
A HEVC Steganalysis Algorithm Based on Relationship of Adjacent Intra Prediction Modes
Authors: Shi Henan , Sun Tanfeng , Li Zhaohong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Currently, many High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) video steganography algorithms based on Intra Prediction Mode (IPM) have been proposed. However, the existing IPM-based video steganalysis algorithms are almost designed for H.264/AVC videos, without considering the unique coding techniques in HEVC, which is the latest video codec standard. Thus, it is of significant value to study IPM-based steganalysis for HEVC videos. In this paper, the general process of IPM-based HEVC steganography is modelled for the first time, and we find that the basic distortion existing in the change of the relationships between each embedded IPM and the adjacent IPMs. By exploiting these weaknesses, we propose a novel IPM steganalysis algorithm based on the Relationship of Adjacent IPMs (RoAIPM) feature. In detail, the RoAIPM is extracted by generating different directional Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrixes (GLCMs) and texture characteristics of three refilled matrixes: MPM-IPM matrix, Left-IPM matrix and Up-IPM matrix. Experimental results show that, the proposed RoAIPM feature is very sensitive to the little change introduced by IPM-based steganography. Regardless of whether the feature is after dimension reduction or not, in various coding conditions, the proposed steganalysis can both present a well higher detection accuracy against the latest IPM-based HEVC steganography methods and achieve the lowest computational complexity compared with the state-of-the-art works.
Integrated DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Analysis Identified S100A8 and S100A9 in the Pathogenesis of Obesity
Authors: Chen Ningyuan , Miao Liu , Lin Wei , Zhou Dong-Hua , Huang Ling , Huang Jia , Shi Wan-Xin , Li Li-Ling , Luo Yu-Xing , Liang Hao , Pan Shang-Ling , Peng Jun-Hua 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: To explore the association of DNA methylation and gene expression in the pathology of obesity.Methods: (1) Genomic DNA methylation and mRNA expression profile of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were performed in a comprehensive database of gene expression in obese and normal subjects; (2) functional enrichment analysis and construction of differential methylation gene regulatory network were performed; (3) Validation of the two different methylation sites and corresponding gene expression was done in a separate microarray data set; and (4) correlation analysis was performed on DNA methylation and mRNA expression data.Results: A total of 77 differentially expressed mRNA matched with differentially methylated genes. Analysis revealed two different methylation sites corresponding to two unique genes-s100a8-cg09174555 and s100a9-cg03165378. Through the verification test of two interested different expression positions (DMPS) and their corresponding gene expression, we found that the methylation in these genes was negatively correlated to gene expression in the obesity group. Higher S100A8 and S100A9 expression in obese subjects were validated in a separate microarray data set.Conclusion: This study confirmed the relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression and emphasized the important role of S100A8 and S100A9 in the pathogenesis of obesity.
A Rare EGFR R748T Mutation in A Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma Patient with PD-L1 High Expression and Response to Immuno-Chemo Combination Therapy
Authors: Sun Ruifang , Duan Qianqian , Lei Guangyan , Liu Zhigang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: In present, patients with stage IV or recurrent/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors harbor programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and active Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutations should receive initial EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) based on clinical guidelines and practice. However, high PD-L1 expression correlates with primary resistance to EGFR-TKIs in treatment advanced EGFR-mutant lung cancer patients, the optimal use of ICI therapy in patients with actionable EGFR mutations remains an important field of ongoing research. Some studies also showed that patients with uncommon EGFR mutations have a good immunotherapy potential.Case prestation: Here, we report a 56-year old advanced squamous cell lung carcinoma (SCC) patient with a rare active mutation in EGFR gene (EGFR p.R748T) and PD-L1 expression who responded well to the immune-chemo combination therapy (pembrolizumab with nab-paclitaxel and nedaplatin). Conclusion: The EGFR R748T mutation is an uncommon active mutation and there is no report about immuno-chemo therapy on patient with EGFR R748T mutation and PD-L1 high expression. The result presented in this case provides a feasible therapy for some patients who harbor rare active EGFR mutations (except for G719X, L861Q, S768I, and Ex20 ins) with high PD-L1 expression.
Effects of Discontinuing Contact Precaution on Control of Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae Nosocomial Acquisition: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis
Authors: Regad Marie , Renaudin Laurie , Lizon Julie , Levy Bruno , Jacquet Caroline , Florentin Arnaud 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:

Interest of contact precautions (CP) to prevent cross-transmission in addition to standard precautions (SP) is actually debated in the literature for some microorganisms, like extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLE). We took advantage of the decision to stop CP for ESBLE in our hospital to study in real life if this discontinuing has an impact on the ESBLE acquisition rate.
Methods:

An interrupted time series (ITS) was performed in 3 wards and the week was used as the temporal unit. The ESBLE acquisition and importation incidence density (ID) and potential risks factors (colonization and selective pressure, Alcohol-Based hand rub solution consumption rates, demographic patients data) were collected between two periods: the pre-intervention (July 2018 to June 2019) when patients infected or colonized by ESBLE were cared with PC and SP and the post-intervention (September 2019 to March 2020) when patients were cared with SP only.
Results:

ESBLE acquisition ID were of 1.32 ± 1.36 and 1.17 ± 1.25 cases per 1000 patient-days for the pre- and post-intervention period respectively with no significant change in slope (p = 0.15). The only confounding variable significant (p = 0.04) in ITS was the antibiotics consumption, with a positive increasing trend.
Conclusion:

This study showed that the SP alone in order to control the ESBLE nosocomial did not lead to increasing the ESBLE nosocomial cross-transmission.
Upregulating CXCR7 Accelerates Endothelial Progenitor Cells Mediated Endothelial Reparation via Activating Akt/Keap-1/Nrf2 Signaling in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Jiang Chunyu , Li Ruiting , Xiu Chaoyang , Ma Xu , Hu Hui , Wei Liming , Tang Yihan , Tao Mingyang , Zhao Jungong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contributes to vascular disease in diabetes mellitus. However, the molecular mechanism underlying dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells in diabetes mellitus remains unclear. Our study was aimed to illustrate the potential molecular mechanism underlying diabetic EPCs dysfunction in vivo and vitro. Furthermore, to assess the effect of EPCs transplantation on endothelium regeneration in diabetic rats. Methods: Functional assay in vitro and western blotting was conducted to reveal the association between C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7) expression and diabetic EPCs dysfunction. To confirm the association between cellular CXCR7 level and EPCs function, the CXCR7 expression of EPCs was upregulated and downregulated via lentiviral transduction and RNA interference respectively. Western blotting was used to reveal the potential molecular mechanism underlying how Stromal-Derived Factor-1(SDF-1)/CXCR7 pathway regulate EPCs function. To elucidate the role of SDF-1/CXCR7 axis in EPCs mediated endothelium regeneration, carotid artery injury model was built in diabetic rats. Then, saline, diabetic, normal or CXCR7 primed EPCs were injected into tail vein after carotid artery injury model was built. Results: Diabetic EPCs dysfunction associated with decreasing CXCR7 expression. Furthermore, EPCs dysfunction can be mimicked by knockdown of CXCR7 in normal EPCs. However, upregulating CXCR7 expression can rescue diabetic EPCs dysfunction. SDF-1/CXCR7 axis positive regulate EPCs cellular function via activating AKT associated Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap-1) / nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2) axis, which can be reversed by blockage of AKT and Nrf2. CXCR7-EPC transplantation, better than diabetic or normal EPCs, significantly accelerate endothelial repairing and attenuate neointimal hyperplasia in diabetes mellitus. But, the therapeutic effect of CXCR7-EPC transplantation on endothelium regeneration can be reversed by knockdown of Nrf2 molecules. Conclusions: Diabetic EPCs dysfunction associated with decreasing CXCR7 expression. Furthermore, SDF-1/CXCR7 axis positive regulate EPCs cellular function via activating AKT/keap-1/Nrf2 axis. CXCR7 primed EPCs might be used for endothelial regeneration in diabetes associated vascular disease.
Electrospinning Nanofibres of Pullulan Extracted From Phylloplane Fungus, Aureobasidium Pullulans
Authors: Saraf Komal , Vigneshwaran N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Aureobasidium pullulans isolated from the phylloplane of Peltophorum tree, produced pullulan, 24 an extracellular polysaccharide. It was grown on three different carbon sources, sucrose, wheat 25 bran and cotton stalk dust, for maximizing the pullulan yield. A. pullulans (67.4 gL-1) had the 26 highest yield followed by A. pullulans MTCC 1991 (63.68 gL-1). Pullulan was characterized by 27 X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analyzer, DSC and NMR. 28 Electrospinning of pullulan blended with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) produced bead-less 29 nanofibres. The optimized parameters for electrospinning were 25 kV applied voltage, 0.5 mL/h 30 flow rate, 18% polymer concentration (pullulan + PVA) and 150 mm tip-to-collector distance. 31 The pullulan nanofibre was characterized by SEM, AFM, BET, contact angle measurement, DSC 32 and CIE color space analyzer. A maximum surface area of 183.4 m2/g while the minimum 33 nanofibre diameter (79 ± 19 nm by SEM) was obtained for the electrospun mat of commercial 34 pullulan + 40% PVA. This work signifies the importance of pullulan extracted from an isolate of 35 Peltopohorum tree for conversion to high surface area nanofibres by electrospinning process.
SATB2 Overexpression Promotes the Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Up-Regulating NOX4
Authors: Gao Jie , Meng Ying , Ge Xin , Hou Chen-xing , Zhu Qing-hai , Wang Yi-zhou , Sun Li-fan , Wang Chen-xing , Li Huai-qi , Zhang Tianzhu , Ye Jin-Hai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: While atypical expression of special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) has been approved associated with tumor progression, metastasis and unfavourable prognosis in various carcinomas. However, in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), both the expressive state and associated functions of SATB2’s are still undefined.Methods: Real-time PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to examine SATB2 expression. In vitro experiments including Flow Cytometry, CCK8 assay, migration assay, wound-healing assay were used to investigate the effects of SATB2 on HN4 cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability. Additionally, an orthotopic implantation assay was performed in nude mice to confirm the effects of SATB2 in vivo. Furthermore, a genome wide siRNA knockdown experiment was performed to explore the potential downstream regulatory mechanism of SATB2 in OSCC.Results: We found that , in clinical samples from a retrospective cohort of 58 OSCC patients, high expression of SATB2 is associated with poor prognosis of OSCC patients. In this study, we investigated SATB2 is highly expressed in OSCC tissues and cell lines ,which can promotes OSCC cells’ proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor growth. Following a genome wide siRNA knockdown experiment, we identified NOX4, a bona fide downstream target of SATB2, which can partially suppress OSCC proliferation. Furthermore, NOX4 knockdown inhibits tumorigenicity, which can be rescued partially by ectopic expression of SATB2.Conclusion: Our findings not only indicate overexpression of SATB2 triggers the proliferative, migratory and invasive mechanisms which are important in the malignant phenotype of OSCC, but also identify NOX4 as the downstream gene for SATB2. These findings indicate that SATB2 may play a key role in OSCC tumorigenicity and may be a future target for the development of new therapeutic regimens.
Prenatal diagnosis of right atrial diverticulum and outcomes: a case report
Authors: Tabnak Peyman , Ghaderi Mohammad 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Right atrial diverticulum is a rare congenital condition which causes the right atrium enlargement. The squeals of this condition can vary from cardiac abnormalities to respiratory distress and systemic thromboembolism, hence Identifying these patients can prevent life-threatening outcomes. Prenatal diagnosis has the benefit of better following up and managing patients to prevent later subsequences. Case presentation Echocardiography of the neonate 3 days after birth showed a massive right atrium with a diverticulum measuring 2.09*2.27 cm connected laterally to the right atrium without any clot in it. A fibromuscular strand was seen at the entry of the diverticulum through the right atrium.CT-Angiography 16 days after birth showed a massive right atrium with a diverticulum in the right hemithorax and confirmed the diagnosis.The patient underwent on low dose aspirin therapy to prevent thromboembolism.After 16 months the patient goes on well this condition without cardiac or respiratory symptoms and echocardiography showed the diverticulum size increased to 3.5*2.5 cm without any clot in it.Surgical resection has not proceeded yet because the patient has been asymptomatic until now.ConclusionBecause of the rarity of this condition, management of these patients is highly dependent on the symptoms they show, and also early diagnosis can prevent further medical squeals. Low doses aspirin is suggested to prevent the formation of thrombosis. Surgical resection can be done in patients with serious cardiac or respiratory abnormality, It is important to do not misdiagnosis this condition with a right atrial aneurysm which involves whole layers of the atrial wall. Although outcomes of both conditions are almost the same, using a proper term to establish an accurate diagnosis preferred.
The Relevance of Self-efficacy, Perception, ICT Ability and Teacher Performance (Study on Islamic Teachers in Semarang, Indonesia)
Authors: Ikhrom Ikhrom 
Published: September 2020

The paper aimed to investigate the influence of teacher's self-efficacy and perception on his or her job to performance through ICT ability. The research is a quantitative description using path analysis methods. The population is 1500. They are the Islamic religious teachers in Semarang, Central Java. The researcher used Isaac Michael's table to determine the number of samples. Based on the table, the samples are 290. The Findings are the teachers’ self-efficacy and perception greatly affect to their performance, while perception is also being the critical factor influences teachers to use ICT in the classroom, but self-efficacy is not the vital thing for teachers' ability to use ICT. The finding recommends that self-efficacy and perception of Islamic teachers are vital aspects of the quality of performance. The use of ICT in the classroom is the critical variable for the quality of teacher performance. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh self-efficacy dan persepsi guru pada pekerjaannya terhadap kinerja melalui kemampuan TIK. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode analisis jalur (path analysis). Populasinya 1500 orang. Mereka adalah para guru Pendidikan Agama Islam di Semarang, Indonesia. Peneliti menggunakan tabel Isaac Michael untuk menentukan jumlah sampel. Berdasarkan tabel tersebut, sampelnya adalah 290. Temuannya adalah self-efficacy dan persepsi guru sangat berpengaruh terhadap kinerja mereka, sedangkan persepsi juga menjadi faktor kritis yang mempengaruhi guru untuk menggunakan TIK di kelas, tetapi self-efficacy bukan hal yang vital bagi kemampuan guru menggunakan TIK. Temuan ini merekomendasikan bahwa self-efficacy dan persepsi guru Islam merupakan aspek penting dari kualitas kinerja. Penggunaan TIK di kelas merupakan variabel penting untuk kualitas kinerja guru.
Research on Finite Element Simulation and Parameters Optimization of
Milling 7050-T7451 Aluminum Alloy Thin-walled Parts
Authors: Yang Song , Yin Tie , Wang Feiyue 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Thin-walled parts of aluminum alloy are easy to occur machining deformation duo to the
characteristics of thin wall, low rigidity, and complex structure.

Objective:
To reduce and control the machining deformation, it is necessary to select reasonable machining parameters.

Method:
The influence of milling parameters on the milling forces, milling temperature, and machining deformation was
analyzed through the established model based on ABAQUS. Then, the corresponding empirical formula was obtained by
MATLAB, and parameters optimization was carried out as well. Besides, a lot of patents on machining thin-walled parts
were studied.

Results:
The results shown that the prediction error of milling forces is about 15%, and 20% of milling temperature. In
this case, the optimized milling parameters are as follows: ap=1 mm, ae=0.1 mm, n=12 000 r/min, and f=400 mm/min. It is
of great significance to reduce the machining deformation and improve the machining quality of thin-walled parts.
Toxicity Risks of Nanomaterials Used in the Building Construction Materials
Authors: Singh Nakshatra Bahadur , Bilal Muhammad , Kırgız Mehmet Serkan , Nguyen Tuan Anh , Susai Rajendran , Sheikholeslami Mohsen , Abohamzeh Elham 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
In recent years, there has been a growing research interest on the applications
of a range of nanostructured materials in construction industry (i.e., asphalt concrete, bricks,
concrete, timber, steel, and mortar), manufacturing, electronics, cosmetics, and medicine. The use
of nanoscale structures in the construction industry offers exceptional physicochemical characteristics
for the modification of construction materials. Nanomaterials, which are being used in cement
and concretes, are carbon nanomaterials (Graphene, CNTs, CNFs), nanosilica, nano Al2O3, nanometakaoline,
nano CaCO3, nano Fe2O3 and nanoTiO2.

Methods:
These materials improve the properties of concretes by modifying the microstructure and
also improve the mechanical properties. The improvement in mechanical and durability properties
of concretes in the presence of nanoparticles is due to their smaller size (<100 nm), high surface area,
and energy.

Results:
Nevertheless, all these nanoscale particles find their way (either directly or indirectly) to
various environmental matrices, such as groundwater, surface water, rivers, seas, lakes, and soil.
The potential bioaccumulation of metal oxide nanostructures results in undesirable effects on animals,
aquatic biota, plants, and humans. Therefore, it has become crucial to determine toxicity levels
during the use of these multifunctional nanoscale materials.

Conclusion:
This study presents an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of nanomaterials
in concretes and related materials. A particular emphasis has been given to discuss the potential
toxicity risks of nanomaterials used in building construction materials.