bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One-year results of gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy for refractory gastroparesis: a French multicenter study
Authors: Ragi Olivier , Jacques Jérémie , Branche Julien , Leblanc Sarah , Vanbiervliet Geoffroy , Legros Romain , Pioche Mathieu , Rivory Jérôme , Chaussade Stanislas , Barret Maximilien , Wallenhorst Timothée , Barthet Marc , Kerever Sébastien , Gonzalez Jean-Michel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Data on the long-term outcomes of gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy (G-POEM) for refractory gastroparesis are lacking. We report the results of a large multicenter long-term follow-up study of G-POEM for refractory gastroparesis.
Methods: This was a retrospective multicenter study of all G-POEM operations performed in seven expert French centers for refractory gastroparesis with at least 1 year of follow-up. The primary endpoint was the 1-year clinical success rate, defined as at least a 1-point improvement in the Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI).
Results: 76 patients were included (60.5 % women; age 56 years). The median symptom duration was 48 months. The median gastric retention at 4 hours (H4) before G-POEM was 45 % (interquartile range [IQR] 29 % – 67 %). The median GCSI before G-POEM was 3.6 (IQR 2.8 – 4.0). Clinical success was achieved in 65.8 % of the patients at 1 year, with a median rate of reduction in the GCSI score of 41 %. In logistic regression analysis, only a high preoperative GCSI satiety subscale score was predictive of clinical success (odds ratio [OR] 3.41, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.01 – 11.54; P = 0.048), while a high rate of gastric retention at H4 was significantly associated with clinical failure (OR 0.97, 95 %CI 0.95 – 1.00; P = 0.03).
Conclusions: The results confirm the efficacy of G-POEM for the treatment of refractory gastroparesis, as evidenced by a 65.8 % clinical success rate at 1 year. Although G-POEM is promising, prospective sham-controlled trials are urgently needed to confirm its efficacy and identify the patient populations who will benefit most from this procedure.
Effect of Vitiligo on Auditory Functions: Is There Any Association?
Authors: Singh Vishal , Guleria Trilok C. , Azad Ramesh K. , Mohindroo Narender K. , Sharma Devraj 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Vitiligo is an acquired pigmentary disorder of unknown etiology, clinically characterized by whitish macules caused by selective loss of melanocytes. There are many melanocytes in the human cochlea. Recent studies have suggested a direct relation between cochlear dysfunction and decreased amounts of melanin.
Objective To determine the effect of vitiligo on auditory function.
Methods The present prospective, case control study was performed over a period of 1 year in patients between 15 and 40 years old with nonsegmental disease and the same number of controls. Pure tone audiometry (PTA) and Otoacoustic emission (OAE) were performed to analyze the correlation between vitiligo and auditory function.
Results The mean pure tone audiometric threshold in the right ear at 0.5, 8 kHz, and in the left ear at the frequency of 8 kHz in the case group were significantly higher as compared with controls. The average band reproducibility (%) in the right and left ear of controls was significantly higher at the frequency of 4 kHz as compared with cases. It has been observed that signal to noise ratio was statistically higher at the frequency of 5kHz in the right ear and at 2, 3, and 5kHz in the left ear in controls as compared with cases. On the basis of disease type and duration of disease; mean pure tone audiometric threshold, average band reproducibility and signal to noise ratio, no significant effect was observed in the present study.
Conclusion Vitiligo has an effect on cochlear function irrespective of the duration or distribution of the disease.
5-aminolevulinic Acid and Surgical Margin Analysis in Calvarial Metastasis with Pericranium or Dural Extension: Technical Note
Authors: da Silva Junior Erasmo Barros , Silva Joseph Franklin Chenisz da , Coelho Neto Maurício , Cavalcanti Marcella Santos , Ramina Ricardo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMetastasis to the calvarium with direct pericranium or dural infiltration may be treated with radical surgical removal in selected cases. We describe microsurgical resection of calvarial metastases with fluorescence-guided technique using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) in two female patients with breast cancer. Fluorescence findings were positive in both cases. Margins in the scalp and dural layer were 5-ALA negative at the end of surgical removal. Intraoperative pathology was performed in all cases to confirm if oncological limits were free of disease. One case was 5-ALA positive in the outer layer of the dura-mater and another in the pericranium. At the end of the removal in both cases, the surgical margins were 5-ALA fluorescence-free. Intraoperative pathology confirmed oncological limits of the resection. 5-aminolevulinic acid fluorescence-guided surgery for calvarial metastases with pericranium and/or dural extension seems to be a safe and reliable method to aid the surgical margins for complete removal, possibly delaying or avoiding adjuvant irradiation for progression control.
Comparative Assessment of Predictive Performance of PRECISE-DAPT, CRUSADE, and ACUITY Scores in Risk Stratifying 30-Day Bleeding Events
Authors: Kawashima Hideyuki , Gao Chao , Takahashi Kuniaki , Tomaniak Mariusz , Ono Masafumi , Hara Hironori , Wang Rutao , Chichareon Ply , Suryapranata Harry , Walsh Simon , Cotton James , Koning Rene , Rensing Benno , Wykrzykowska Joanna , de Winter Robbert J. , Garg Scot , Anderson Richard , Hamm Christian , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Onuma Yoshinobu , Serruys Patrick W. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground The utility of the PRECISE-DAPT score in predicting short-term major bleeding, either alone, or in comparison with the CRUSADE and ACUITY scores, has not been investigated. This analysis compared the predictive performances of the three bleeding scores in stratifying the risk of 30-day major bleeding postpercutaneous coronary intervention in patients with dual-antiplatelet therapy.Methods In this post hoc subanalysis of the GLOBAL LEADERS trial, the primary safety objective (bleeding according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium [BARC] criteria [type 3 or 5]) was assessed at 30 days according to the three scores in the overall population, and in patients with acute (ACS) and chronic coronary syndrome (CCS).Results In a total of 15,968 patients, we calculated all three scores in 14,709 (92.1%). Irrespective of clinical presentation, the PRECISE-DAPT (c-statistics: 0.648, 0.653, and 0.641, respectively), CRUSADE (c-statistics: 0.641, 0.639, and 0.644, respectively), and ACUITY (c-statistics: 0.633, 0.638, and 0.623, respectively) scores were no significant between-score differences in discriminatory performance for BARC 3 or 5 bleeding up to 30 days, and similarly the PRECISE-DAPT score had a comparable discriminative capacity according to the integrated discrimination improvement when compared with the other scores. In ACS, the CRUSADE score had a poor calibration ability (Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit [GOF] chi-square = 15.561, p = 0.049), whereas in CCS, the PRECISE-DAPT score had poor calibration (GOF chi-square = 15.758, p = 0.046).Conclusion The PRECISE-DAPT score might be clinically useful in the overall population and ACS patients for the prediction of short-term major bleeding considering its discriminative and calibration abilities.
Adult Perfomance on the Sustained Auditory Attention Skill Test
Authors: José Maria Renata , Mondelli Maria Fernanda Capoani Garcia , Correia Jordana Batista , Bohn Vanessa , Lauris José Roberto Pereira , Zeigelboim Bianca Simone , Feniman Mariza Ribeiro 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction The Sustained Auditory Attention Ability Test (SAAAT) is an instrument used to assess sustained auditory attention in children. Difficulties related to this ability are not unique to children alone, as adults have been observed to present with the same deficits. Therefore, there is a need to adapt instruments like the SAAAT and provide reference values for adults.
Objective To assess adult performance on the SAAAT.
Methods Approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee under n° 034/2011. The sample consisted of 30 participants aged between 18 and 30 years old (average age = 24.2 years old), female and male. The inclusion criteria were: peripheral hearing within normal limits, type A tympanometric curve, and no attention-related complaints. The participants were submitted to Tonal Audiometry, Logoaudiometry, Immitanciometry and to the SAAAT.
Results The following mean values and standard deviations (SD) were observed: inattention = 1.7 (SD = 2.2) and impulsivity = 0.8 (SD = 0.9) error types. For the SAAAT, the mean value for the total error score was 2.4 (SD = 2.6), and for the decrease in vigilance, it was 0.3 (SD = 0.5). When comparing the performance of adults and children, a statistically significant difference was observed for inattention (p = 0.000) and impulsivity (p = 0.001) error types, as well as in the total error score (p = 0.000) and in decreased vigilance (p = 0.0003).
Conclusion The performance of adults in the SAAAT differed from the children's parameters, since adults showed lower scores in all variables of the instrument.
Cytokines and Chemokines in Periodontitis
Authors: Ramadan Doaa Elsayed , Hariyani Ninuk , Indrawati Retno , Ridwan Rini Devijanti , Diyatri Indeswati 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPeriodontitis is a common inflammatory periodontal disease affecting a wide range of population all over the world. The causing bacteria releases chemicals which activate the innate immune system to release proinﬂammatory cytokines contributing to more progression. This activates the acquired immune system leading to more progression of periodontitis. As the immune response goes on, released cytokines and chemokines can damage the periodontal ligaments, gingiva, and alveolar bone. There are many types of cytokines and chemokines in periodontitis. Cytokines are peptide mediators who are responsible for cell signaling and communication. Chemokines are a large subfamily of cytokines having the ability to coordinate leukocyte recruitment and activation. This paper is a narrative review of the literature.This review ensures that inflammatory mediators in the case of periodontitis can cause a noticeable damage in the whole apparatus of the periodontium. It causes soft tissue inflammation and bone damage affected by the mediators of both innate and acquired immune system.The inflammatory process is accompanied by large network of cytokines and chemokines. There is high expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and regulatory cytokines such as IL-4, IL-1(RA) receptor antagonist, IL-10, and induced protein (IP)-10. There is also increased production of cytokines IL-10, IL-12, interferon-γ, IP-10, IL-1RA, and IL-4. Cytokines IL-17, IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and prostaglandin E2 trigger the osteoclast activity causing bone resorption.
Zuma Modified Maneuver as a Treatment to Geotropic Lateral Semicircular Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Ramos Bernardo Faria , Cal Renato , Brock Camila Martins , Mangabeira Albernaz Pedro Luiz , Zuma e Maia Francisco 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroduction Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is the most common vestibular disorder, resulting from detached otoliths that migrate to one of the semicircular canals – canalolithiasis – or one of the cupulas – cupulolithiasis. The present study is related to lateral canal BPPVs, which may be either geotropic or apogeotropic. The geotropic variant of lateral semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (LC-BPPV) is attributed to free floating particles in the posterior arm of the lateral semicircular canal.Objectives To verify the possibility of employing the Zuma repositioning maneuver, with a brief modification, as an alternative treatment for geotropic LC-BPPV.Methods Seven patients with geotropic LC-BPPV were enrolled and treated with the Zuma modified maneuver. Patients were reevaluated 1 hour after a single maneuver, to confirm the resolution of vertigo and positional nystagmus.Results All seven patients achieved immediate resolution of vertigo and positional nystagmus as measured 1 hour after the application of the maneuver.Conclusion The Zuma modified maneuver was effective for geotropic LC-BPPV after a single application. The use of the Zuma maneuver for both apogeotropic and geotropic LC-BPPV may simplify the treatment of these patients.
Comprehensive Blood Coagulation Profiling in Patients Using iCoagLab: Comparison Against Thromboelastography
Authors: Tripathi Markandey M. , Tshikudi Diane M. , Hajjarian Zeinab , Hack Dallas C. , Van Cott Elizabeth M. , Nadkarni Seemantini K. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDelayed identification of coagulopathy and bleeding increases the risk of organ failure and death in hospitalized patients. Timely and accurate identification of impaired coagulation at the point-of-care can proactively identify bleeding risk and guide resuscitation, resulting in improved outcomes for patients. We test the accuracy of a novel optical coagulation sensing approach, termed iCoagLab, for comprehensive whole blood coagulation profiling and investigate its diagnostic accuracy in identifying patients at elevated bleeding risk. Whole blood samples from patients (N = 270) undergoing conventional coagulation testing were measured using the iCoagLab device. Recalcified and kaolin-activated blood samples were loaded in disposable cartridges and time-varying intensity fluctuation of laser speckle patterns were measured to quantify the clot viscoelastic modulus during coagulation. Coagulation parameters including the reaction time (R), clot progression time (K), clot progression rate (α), and maximum clot strength (MA) were derived from clot viscoelasticity traces and compared with mechanical thromboelastography (TEG). In all patients, a good correlation between iCoagLab- and TEG-derived parameters was observed (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that iCoagLab-derived parameters identified bleeding risk with sensitivity (94%) identical to, and diagnostic accuracy (89%) higher than TEG (87%). The diagnostic specificity of iCoagLab (77%) was significantly higher than TEG (69%). By rapidly and comprehensively permitting blood coagulation profiling the iCoagLab innovation is likely to advance the capability to identify patients with elevated risk for bleeding, with the ultimate goal of preventing life-threatening hemorrhage.
Patellar Morphology and Osteoarthritis: A Cadaveric Analysis
Authors: Shah Nihar S. , Wang David M. , Weinberg Douglas S. , Liu Raymond W. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPrevious studies have attempted to characterize patellar morphology and its relation to patellofemoral osteoarthritis but have utilized relatively small samples. We designed a large-scale cadaveric analysis to elucidate any potential relationship. Patellar morphology in 1,032 patellae was characterized using patellar facet concavity patterns initially developed by Wiberg and using the ratio of the lateral and medial facet lengths. Patellofemoral arthritis grading for specimens was previously completed based primarily on osteophytic burden. The average age at time of death was 56 ± 10 years. Wiberg's grading returned kappa values of 0.43 for intrarelator reliability and 0.27 for interrelator reliability. Using multiple regression analysis, Wiberg's type II was found to be correlated with patellofemoral arthritis (p = 0.003). Lateral to medial facet ratio measurements returned intraclass coefficients of 0.91 for intrarelator reliability and 0.85 for interrelator reliability. There was no association between lateral to medial facet ratio and osteoarthritis. Regression analysis between Wiberg's typing and lateral-to-medial ratio (L:M) resulted in a coefficient of determination of 0.14. To our knowledge, this is the largest study evaluating the relationship between patellar morphology and arthritis. Although there was a relationship between Wiberg's type II and patellofemoral arthritis, the Wiberg systems was not easily reproducible in our study and returned a correlation with arthritis different then anatomically expected. A more reproducible system of lateral to medial facet ratio was investigated but did not find an association with arthritic changes. Given these findings, we did not find a patella morphology grading system which is both reliable and valid in regard to association with patellofemoral arthritis.
Health capital: toward a conceptual framework for understanding the construction of individual health
Authors: Schneider-Kamp Anna 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEmerging perspectives of health as individualized and privatized capital seem promising to shed light on the construction of individual health in the face of the growing individualization of healthcare. This article reviews extant perspectives of health as capital, reflecting upon how a conceptualization of health capital might be conceived by two of the main contrasting traditions: human capital theory affiliated with the Chicago School of Economics and Bourdieusian concepts of social field and capital. Arguing that a Bourdieusian perspective is potentially more fruitful to capture the importance of social and cultural dimensions in the construction of individual health, this article arrives at a conceptualization of health capital as the aggregate of the actual or potential resources possessed by a given agent that have the capacity to affect the position of agents in the social field of health. Drawing on Bourdieu’s conceptualization of forms of capital, this article discusses the efficacy, the legitimation, and the positioning of health capital, uncovering its potential for understanding contemporary trends in health practices and health discourse.
The Hybridity of Inclusive Innovation Narratives Between Theory and Practice: A Framing Analysis
Authors: Opola Felix Ouko , Klerkx Laurens , Leeuwis Cees , W. Kilelu Catherine 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInclusive innovation remains an under-conceptualised and ambiguous concept despite garnering political and academic interest in recent decades. This paper explores the narratives of inclusive innovation that exist in literature and how these are framed in practice, using a case study of the Kenyan agricultural sector. Findings indicate that while there is significant similarity between the theoretical and empirical framing of the concept, there are also stark differences. In addition, different actors such as the state, development agencies, the private sector or universities do not fully ascribe to any of the existing theoretical narratives on inclusive innovation. Instead, they frame it based on their own contexts, mandate and interests using concepts borrowed from existing theoretical narratives. This indicates that instead of a grand theory of inclusive innovation that applies universally, there are several ways of enacting inclusive innovation. This also limits the transferability of a one-size-fits-all model of inclusive innovation.
HSF1 inhibition attenuates HIV-1 latency reversal mediated by several candidate LRAs In Vitro and Ex Vivo
Authors: Timmons Andrew , Fray Emily , Kumar Mithra , Wu Fengting , Dai Weiwei , Bullen Cynthia Korin , Kim Peggy , Hetzel Carrie , Yang Chao , Beg Subul , Lai Jun , Pomerantz Joel L. , Yukl Steven A. , Siliciano Janet D. , Siliciano Robert F. 
Published: June 2020

Significance
The latent reservoir for HIV-1 is a major barrier to curing the infection. Current cure strategies are focused on eliminating the reservoir through a two-step “shock and kill” approach involving the use of small-molecule latency-reversing agents (LRAs) followed by immune interventions to kill infected cells. Numerous candidate LRAs have been identified in studies using in vitro models of latency, but none have been shown to reduce the reservoir in vivo. We show here that many candidate LRAs work through an unexpected pathway involving the transcription factor HSF1, a result with implications for developing effective combinations of LRAs for use in HIV cure strategies.
Lack of awareness despite complex visual processing: Evidence from event-related potentials in a case of selective metamorphopsia
Authors: Schubert Teresa M. , Rothlein David , Brothers Trevor , Coderre Emily L. , Ledoux Kerry , Gordon Barry , McCloskey Michael 
Published: June 2020

Significance
How does the neural activity evoked by visual stimuli support visual awareness? In this paper we report on an individual with a rare type of neural degeneration as a window into the neural responses underlying visual awareness. When presented with stimuli containing faces and target words—regardless of whether the patient was aware of their presence—the neurophysiological responses were indistinguishable. These data support the possibility that extensive visual processing, up to and including activation of identity, can occur without resulting in visual awareness of the stimuli.
Genetic dominance governs the evolution and spread of mobile genetic elements in bacteria
Authors: Rodríguez-Beltrán Jerónimo , Sørum Vidar , Toll-Riera Macarena , de la Vega Carmen , Peña-Miller Rafael , San Millán Álvaro 
Published: June 2020

Significance
The notion of genetic dominance was first introduced by Gregor Mendel and is defined as the relationship between alleles of the same gene in which one allele (dominant) masks the phenotypic contribution of a second allele (recessive). The effect of genetic dominance on bacterial evolution has generally been neglected because most bacteria of human interest carry a single copy of their chromosome. However, bacteria also carry mobile genetic elements (MGE), which produce local islands of polyploidy. This polyploidy arises both from the multicopy nature of MGE and from the allelic redundancy between MGE and chromosomal genes. Here we show that genetic dominance dictates both the evolution and successful spread of genes encoded on MGE, shaping horizontal gene transfer in bacteria.
Ex novo development of lead glassmaking in early Umayyad Spain
Authors: Schibille Nadine , De Juan Ares Jorge , Casal García María Teresa , Guerrot Catherine 
Published: June 2020

Significance
The Islamic conquest of the Mediterranean has long been associated with fundamental geopolitical and economic transformations that sundered the medieval world from antiquity. An eighth- to ninth-century glass assemblage from Cordoba provides new insights into the processes of technological innovation, adaptation, and dissemination contingent on the specific historical environment. Its compositional characteristics reveal the mechanisms underlying the development of a new glassmaking tradition that, based on lead isotope analyses, can be attributed to a local production, using raw materials from nearby ore deposits. Our study illustrates that the second half of the eighth century and the ninth century was a period of considerable technological development in al-Andalus, triggered by a rupture in glass supplies from the eastern Mediterranean.