bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Schultes y el caucho: formaciones regionales y estatales en Vaupés (1942-1970)
Authors: Rozo Esteban 
Published: September 2020

Este artículo analiza las relaciones entre las exploraciones de Richard E. Schultes, la extracción del caucho y los procesos de formación del Estado a escala regional que tuvieron lugar en Vaupés entre 1942 y la década de 1970, cuando terminó el “segundo boom” de la industria cauchera. Buena parte de la historiografía sobre la extracción del caucho en la Amazonía colombiana se ha enfocado principalmente en el “primer boom”. A partir del estudio de los archivos personales de Schultes, publicaciones de prensa, documentos históricos y trabajo de campo realizado en Vaupés, fue posible constatar que el conocimiento producido por este científico promovió: el “resurgimiento” de la industria cauchera en Vaupés, la apropiación del caucho y el cauchero por parte del gobierno local como símbolos de progreso e identidad regional, así como el uso de la infraestructura cauchera construida por los norteamericanos como medio para expandir la soberanía del Estado-nación. Sin embargo, la mistificación y exaltación del caucho y el cauchero como emblemas regionales también ocultaron la explotación de los indígenas.
Creation of femininity in Japanese televised “beauty ads”
Authors: Konstantinovskaia Natalia 
Published: September 2020

Advertising is a powerful tool that encapsulates and reinforces gender ideologies through the repeated presentation of stereotyped visions of femininity. In response to societal change, however, advertising has recently begun to incorporate postfeminist ideals of ‘power femininity’ alongside traditional gender stereotypes (Lazar 2014). In Japan, this duality is further complicated by the dominant spread of kawaii‘cuteness’, which has become a crucial feature of normative femininity. The present work demonstrates the importance of investigating Japanese television advertisements to uncover the layered nature of women’s portrayals, which blend traditional gender roles and the reigning contemporary ideology of kawaii, along with sporadic infusions of postfeminist values. Based on quantitative and qualitative multi-modal discourse analysis, this article examines the use of women’s language and visual images in 50 Japanese televised ‘beauty ads,’ exploring the tactics they use to maintain and promulgate an idealized but powerless femininity of kawaii.
Magnesium oxychloride boards: understanding a novel building material
Authors: Aiken Timothy A. , Russell Mark , McPolin Daniel , Bagnall Leo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMagnesium oxide type building boards are a relatively new alternative to traditional sheeting materials such as plywood, gypsum plasterboard and fibre-cement board. They have many advantages; strength, lightweight, ease of use and excellent fire resistance, which has become increasingly important as demanded by industry and required by more stringent legislation. Recently cases of durability issues associated with magnesium oxychloride boards in Denmark have emerged, however the precise nature of the problem was not established. These issues have been related to magnesium oxychloride boards which were exposed to high levels of moisture. In this paper the mechanism of the failures observed in Denmark has been investigated. The difference in quality between various magnesium oxychloride boards available in the market was also studied. It was found that there are significant differences, both physically and chemically, between magnesium oxychloride boards supplied from different manufacturers. Crucially, the performance of each board when exposed to high levels of relative humidity was vastly different. Some of the boards investigated displayed behaviour similar to that observed in Denmark, whilst other boards exhibited substantial resistance to humid environments and had not deteriorated after 60 weeks of exposure.
Clinical predictors of adverse events during continuous video‐EEG monitoring in an epilepsy unit
Authors: Grau‐López Laia , Jiménez Marta , Ciurans Jordi , Gea Mireia , Fumanal Alejandra , Cáceres Cynthia , García‐Armengol Roser , Becerra Juan Luis 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAims. Patients admitted to epilepsy monitoring units (EMUs) for diagnostic and presurgical evaluation have an increased risk of seizure‐related injury, particularly in the many cases in which medication is withdrawn. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of adverse events (AEs) in this setting and to analyse associated clinical factors and costs.Methods. We evaluated consecutive patients admitted to an EMU at a tertiary care hospital over a 10‐year period based on a descriptive, longitudinal study. We analysed the occurrence of AEs (traumatic injury, psychiatric complications, status epilepticus, cardiorespiratory disturbances, and death), investigated potential risk factors using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, and compared admission costs between patients with and without AEs.Results. In total, 411 EMU admissions were studied corresponding to 352 patients (55% women; mean [SD] age: 41.7 [12.1] years). Twenty‐five patients (6%) experienced an AE. The most common event was traumatic injury (n=9), followed by status epilepticus (n=8), psychiatric complications (n=7), and cardiorespiratory disturbances (n=1). On comparing patients with and without AEs, we observed that the former were more likely to experience generalized seizures (OR: 7.81; 95% CI: 3.51‐12.23; p<0.001) or have more seizures overall during admission (OR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.42‐6.8; p=0.002). Patients with AEs also had longer EMU stays (6.91 [2.64] vs 5.08 [1.1]; p=0.004), longer hospital stays (8.45 [3.6] vs 5.18 [1.2]; p<0.001), and higher costs (€7277.71 [€2743.9] vs €5175.7 [€1182.5]; p<0.001).Conclusion. Patients with generalized seizures and more seizures during admission were at greater risk of AEs, which were associated with higher admission costs.
Neurocysticercosis and pharmacoresistant epilepsy: possible role of calcified lesions in epileptogenesis
Authors: Schmid Marcelo Freitas , Perosa Sandra Regina , Reyes‐Garcia Selvin Zacarias , Odreman Marlene Mayzs , Zetehaku Ana Carolina , Figueiredo Nathalia Stela Visona , Duarte Jeana Torres Corso , Guaranha Mirian Salvadori Bittar , Mazacoratti Maria da Graça Naffah , Jr Henrique Carrete , Centeno Ricardo Silva , Yacubian Elza Márcia Targas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNeurocysticercosis is a neglected and usually poverty‐related disease of high public importance. The mechanisms by which the calcified lesions cause epilepsy are not known, but have been attributed to residual perilesional gliosis or an inflammatory process. This case shows that an inflammatory response to a calcified granuloma may be associated with the development of epilepsy. The increase in glutamate and kinin B1 (pro‐epileptogenic) receptors added by reduced expression of kinin B2 (anti‐epileptogenic) receptors may explain the chronic epileptogenesis associated with the lesion, corroborating the hypothesis of inflammatory mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of epilepsy in these patients.
Epidiolex‐induced skin rash
Authors: Singh Jaysingh , Antimisiaris Marika‐Foteni 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEpidiolex® (cannabidiol, aka CBD) is a recently approved FDA prescription drug for the treatment of epilepsy associated with Lennox‐Gastaut and Dravet syndromes, and is increasingly used for treatment‐resistant epilepsy. Rash was rarely reported in Epidiolex® clinical trial data. We report a case of Epidiolex®‐related skin rash that developed in a delayed fashion in a 23‐year‐old female with medically refractory epilepsy. We also review the potential mechanism of Epidiolex®‐related skin rash.
Nation Reiﬁcation or “Nationalizing Nationalism” from the Perspective of International Law
Authors: Tolstykh Vladislav , Aasi Joni 
Published: September 2020

National reiﬁcation takes place when the state deﬁnes itself as a tool to protect the interests of a particular ethnic group and tries to create a homogeneous society uniﬁed on the basis of linguistic, cultural, historical, ideological and religious principles. This inevitably leads to the monopolization of politics (common good) by the majority’s culture, and at the same time, to the marginalization and exclusion of the minority’s culture and its obliteration in the future. This marginalization does not imply a discrimination because the minority is not denied civil rights, but its political activity from now on implies an engagement with the majority’s culture. This eﬀect appears in waves. The ﬁrst wave preceded World War II; the second wave started in the nineties and aﬀected the new post-Soviet and Eastern European countries. National reiﬁcation is closely related to the principle of democracy; since the minority retains this obviously ineﬀective right to participate, all other forms of protest become inaccessible to it. National reiﬁcation is an objective and general tendency of the modern day. It ﬁlls the legitimacy deﬁcit and not only “launches” a new state, but also generates internal threats that justify its existence. As a result, from the very ﬁrst days, a new state is being created as a totalitarian and emergency one that can use extreme, but justiﬁed and legitimate measures. The principle of self-determination cannot be used against the process of national reiﬁcation as it implies an obligation of conduct and has a narrow scope. Moreover, its beneﬁciaries, by not being states, are deprived of the procedural tools needed to protect their rights. It could be interpreted diﬀerently: we should recognize the right to secession for the nations faced with the choice of obeying or losing identity. This interpretation, however, is an unrealizable utopia. Human rights are completely helpless in the face of national reiﬁcation or, rather, are indiﬀerent to it. The reason is a fundamental denial of the collective principle. Therefore, international law does not solve the problem of national reiﬁcation. On the contrary, all the structures of the modern order (statehood, legitimacy, democracy, human rights, international law, etc.) generate this problem. The solution of the problem is vitally important and, at the same time, extremely diﬃcult. It cannot be cosmetic, but should aﬀect the very foundations of international law.
O reminiscencjach konfliktu o ordynację ostrogską w sztuce kręgu Jana Klemensa Branickiego
Authors: Gombin Krzysztof 
Published: September 2020

Rzeźba z klatki schodowej białostockiego pałacu Jana Klemensa Branickiego, najczęściej określana jako Rotator („Obracający się”) albo Arrotino („Ostrzący nóż”), według nowszych badań mogła przedstawiać jednego z rzymskich bohaterów (Windycjusza, Milichusa, czy też Feniusza Rufusa), który podczas wykonywania swojej pracy podsłuchał spiskowców i tym samym udaremnił ich knowania. Miała to być aluzja do roli hetmana Jana Klemensa Branickiego (fundatora rzeźby) we współczesnych mu wydarzeniach – konfliktu o ordynację ostrogską. Tezę tę potwierdzają rękopiśmienne satyry, powstałe w związku ze sporem o ordynację (Łysa rada kolbuszowska oraz Scena tragiczno-komiczna...), których Branicki jest jednym z głównych bohaterów. W Scenie tragiczno-komicznej podział ordynacji przedstawiony został jako spisek przeciwko Rzeczypospolitej, który odkrył i zbrojnie spacyfikował hetman Branicki. Działania te rozpoczął samodzielnie podczas nieobecności w Rzeczypospolitej króla, stając się najważniejszą osobą w kraju i jego mężem opatrznościowym, a dokończył, współdziałając z powracającym monarchą. Białostocki Rotator może więc być odnoszony do Branickiego, ukochanego syna ojczyzny, lojalnego poddanego oraz wielkiego wodza, który zapobiegł wojnie domowej. W publicystyce związanej ze sporem o ordynację ostrogską Branicki porównywany był także do swego przodka – hetmana Stefana Czarnieckiego, gdyż podobie jak on miał uchronić Rzeczpospolitą od wewnętrznego konfliktu. Stefan Czarniecki to bohater w Białymstoku bardzo popularny, często przedstawiany na zamawianych przez Branickiego rzeźbach i obrazach. W rzeczywistości Branicki nie miał poważniejszych zasług jako hetman i dopiero z perspektywy sporu o ordynację ostrogską i kreowania go wówczas na wielkiego wodza i męża opatrznościowego kultywowanie pamięci o Stefanie Czarnieckim zyskiwało szczególny wymiar.
Gedenken ist vergessen: Paradigmen, Probleme und Paradoxien literarischer Erinnerung an die Shoah
Authors: Von der Lühe Imelda 
Published: September 2020

Wspominanie zostało zapomniane: Paradygmaty, problemy i paradoksy literackiej pamięci o Szoah
Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia literackie i historyczno-memorialne tendencje, które od zakończenia II wojny światowej kształtowały sposoby zajmowania się problematyką Zagłady w literaturze i do których nadal odnoszą się krytycznie młode pokolenia pisarzy i pisarek w Niemczech i w Polsce. Artykuł rozważa na wstępie dominujące paradygmaty literackiego dyskursu o Szoah, tj. zakaz przedstawiania oraz topos niewyrażalności, a następnie omawia problemy metodologiczne, które wynikają z nakazu milczenia oraz indywidualnej i moralnej potrzeby zdania relacji. Paradoksy literackiego kształtowania pamięci ukazane zostają w ostatniej części na podstawie eseistycznego opowiadania Dorona Rabinovici pt. Gedenken ist vergessen [Wspominanie zostało zapomniane].
Lecturas y reescrituras de Hechos de Bernardo del Carpio
Authors: Lázaro Niso Rebeca 
Published: September 2020

Lektury i reskrybowania Hechos de Bernardo del CarpioPrzez cały Złoty Wiek reskrybowanie dzieł dramatycznych staje się powszechną formą twórczości literackiej. Niewielu jest dramaturgów, którzy nie odczuwaliby potrzeby powrotu do dzieł swoich poprzedników z zamiarem ulepszenia lub aktualizacji tekstów wobec zmieniających się upodobań publiczności. To ogólne zjawisko jest zilustrowane w tym artykule poprzez analizę na nowo napisanej i wydanej w dwóch różnych wersjach drukowanych przez Álvaro Cubillo de Aragón sztuki poświęconej historyczno-legendarnej tematyce związanej z postacią Bernardo del Carpio: El conde de Saldaña y hechos de Bernardo del Carpio.
Lecturas y reescrituras de Hechos de Bernardo del CarpioA lo largo del Siglo de Oro la reescritura de obras dramáticas se convierte en una forma común de creación literaria. Pocos son los dramaturgos que no sintieron la necesidad de volver sobre las obras de sus predecesores con la intención de mejorar o actualizar textos frente a los gustos cambiantes del público. Este fenómeno general se ejemplifica en este trabajo a través de la reescritura en dos versiones impresas distintas llevada a cabo por Álvaro Cubillo de Aragón de una obra suya dedicada a la materia histórico-legendaria relacionada con la figura de Bernardo del Carpio: El conde de Saldaña y hechos de Bernardo del Carpio.
Gendering the Holocaust: Robert McLiam Wilson’s Manfred’s Pain and Marek Soból’s Mojry
Authors: Klonowska Barbara 
Published: September 2020

Płeć Holokaustu: Autopsja Roberta McLiama Wilsona i Mojry Marka SobolaArtykuł analizuje dwie powieści dotyczące Zagłady: Manfred’s Pain, czyli (w polskim przekladzie) Autopsję (1992), północno-irlandzkiego pisarza Roberta McLiama Wilsona i Mojry (2005) polskiego autora Marka Sobola jako przykłady prozy skoncentrowanej na kobiecym ciele, kobiecej wrażliwości i kobiecej wersji historii. Obie powieści wiążą ten temat z przemocą seksualną i podkreślają specyfikę kobiecego doświadczenia Holokaustu. Artykuł dowodzi, że spojrzenie na Zagładę z perspektywy płci i przedstawienie jej ‘kobiecej’ strony stanowi swoiste novum odróżniające te powieści od innych, zwykle ‘męskich’ narracji Holocaustu w literaturze polskiej i bardzo ‘męskich’ powieści Wilsona. Męskie doświadczenie, zwykle naturalizowane jako uniwersalnie ludzkie, jest przemieszczone w tych dwóch powieściach w kierunku kobiecej perspektywy. W przypadku Autopsji dokonuje się to poprzez zmianę proporcji: chociaż bohaterem i narratorem powieści jest mężczyzna, a postać kobieca stanowi zaledwie tło, to ta ostatnia okazuje się bohaterką równie ważną, a jej doświadczenie równorzędne z męskim. W powieści Sobola role są już odwrócone: to kobiece postaci wysuwają się na pierwszy plan jako bohaterki i narratorki, a opowiadania prezentują ich doświadczenie i ich punkt widzenia, przeznaczając dla męskich postaci rolę świadków. Skupiając się na losach kobiet, oba teksty opowiadają pozornie uniwersalne doświadczenie Holocaustu z perspektywy płci, zwracając uwagę również na jego płciowe uwikłanie.
Unilateral cleft lip closure by use of Dermabond (N-octyle-2-cyanoacrylate)
Authors: Mishra Dr santosh , Shukla Dr Madhuri , Sahu Dr Amit Kumar , Mishra Dr Sushma 
Published: September 2020

Background: Facial cosmetic results are one of the most concerning issues for the parents who get their children operated for cleft lip. Moreover, the postoperative care of the surgical site, the discomfort associated with the suture removal, and additional visit for suture removal are other reasons which encourages one to use any new technologies that may replace the need for suture placement. In this study, we used octyl-2-cyanoacrylate, a tissue adhesive which offers a viable alternative to traditional techniques without compromising optimal wound closure.
Objective: To perform a comprehensive comparison of the outcomes from the use of Dermabond in patients undergoing primary repair of congenital cleft lip ± palate anomalies.
Materials and Methods: Twenty patients, in the age group of 3–18 months were treated surgically for unilateral cleft lip deformity using Millard rotation-advancement flap. Pre- and post-operative photographs of the patients were taken at 1 week, 2 week, 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively and were evaluated using Vancouver scar scale which was given by Sullivan in 1990. Paired t-test was used for statistical analysis.
Results: Increased vascularity (hyperemia) was seen in the 1st and 2nd week in 35% and 30% patients, respectively which gradually reduced to normal in subsequent follow-ups. The scar was flat in 85% of patients in 1st week, and the number decreased to 10% at the end of 1 year. No wound dehiscence was found in any patients. Statistical analysis showed that among all the follow-ups, only the difference between the first and second follow-ups. Comparison of the results of 1 week with all other follow-ups yielded no significant results.
Conclusion: Octyl-2-cyanoacrylate can be used for cleft lip closure effectively. The procedure is relatively painless and quick. Added to this are benefits of protection from wound infection since the material is bacteriostatic.
Teaching English for specific purposes to computer science students with reading difficulties
Authors: Benmammar Sarah 
Published: September 2020

This is a case study conducted to investigate difficulties that may hinder third-year computer science students in their development of English for specific purposesâ€™ reading skills and to grasp the different factors that may influence students negatively. Data were obtained from a questionnaire which enabled the researcher to obtain valid information about the learning situation of the target population. Through the use of this tool, studentsâ€™ preferences and difficulties in the area of reading were analysed. The results revealed the need to increase studentsâ€™ exposure to reading and provide support with vocabulary. Hence, some recommendations and strategies are provided to remedy the situation and boost the studentsâ€™ learning process

Keywords: Computer science students, ESP vocabulary, reading difficulties, reading strategies.
Enough is Enough, or More is More? Testing the Influence of Foraminiferal Count Size on Reconstructions of Paleo-Marsh Elevation
Authors: Kemp Andrew C. , Wright Alexander J. , Cahill Niamh 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTSalt-marsh foraminifera are sea-level proxies used to quantitatively reconstruct Holocene paleo-marsh elevations (PME) and subsequently relative sea level (RSL). The reliability of these reconstructions is partly dependent upon counting enough foraminifera to accurately characterize assemblages, while counting fewer tests allows more samples to be processed. We test the influence of count size on PME reconstructions by repeatedly subsampling foraminiferal assemblages preserved in a core of salt-marsh peat (from Newfoundland, Canada) with unusually large counts (up to 1595). Application of a single, weighted-averaging transfer function developed from a regional-scale modern training set to these ecologically-plausible simulated assemblages generated PME reconstructions at count sizes of 10–700. Reconstructed PMEs stabilize at counts sizes greater than ∼50 and counts exceeding ∼250 tests show little return for the additional time invested. The absence of some rare taxa in low counts is unlikely to markedly influence results from weighted-averaging transfer functions. Subsampling of modern foraminifera indicates that cross-validated transfer function performance shows only modest improvement when more than ∼40 foraminifera are counted. Studies seeking to understand multi-meter and millennial scale RSL trends should count more than ∼50 tests. The precision sought by studies aiming to resolve decimeter- and decadal-scale RSL variability is best achieved with counts greater than ∼75. In most studies seeking to reconstruct PME, effort is more productively allocated by counting relatively fewer foraminifera in more core samples than in counting large numbers of individuals. Target count sizes of 100–300 in existing studies are likely conservative and robust. Given the low diversity of salt-marsh foraminiferal assemblages, our results are likely applicable throughout and beyond northeastern North America.