bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of Fe2O3 modified TiO2 prepared by atomic layer deposition
Authors: Cao Yan-Qiang , Zi Tao-Qing , Zhao Xi-Rui , Liu Chang , Ren Qiang , Fang Jia-Bin , Li Wei-Ming , Li Ai-Dong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this work, commercial anatase TiO2 powders were modified using ultrathin Fe2O3 layer by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The ultrathin Fe2O3 coating having small bandgap of 2.20 eV can increase the visible light absorption of TiO2 supports, at the meantime, Fe2O3/TiO2 heterojunction can effectively improve the lifetime of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Results of ALD Fe2O3 modified TiO2 catalyst, therefore, showed great visible light driven catalytic degradation of methyl orange compared to pristine TiO2. A 400 cycles of ALD Fe2O3 (~ 2.6 nm) coated TiO2 powders exhibit the highest degradation efficiency of 97.4% in 90 min, much higher than pristine TiO2 powders of only 12.5%. Moreover, an ultrathin ALD Al2O3 (~ 2 nm) was able to improve the stability of Fe2O3-TiO2 catalyst. These results demonstrate that ALD surface modification with ultrathin coating is an extremely powerful route for the applications in constructing efficient and stable photocatalysts.
Anatomy and white matter connections of the fusiform gyrus
Authors: Palejwala Ali H. , O’Connor Kyle P. , Milton Camille K. , Anderson Chris , Pelargos Panayiotis , Briggs Robert G. , Conner Andrew K. , O’Donoghue Daniel L. , Glenn Chad A. , Sughrue Michael E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe fusiform gyrus is understood to be involved in the processing of high-order visual information, particularly related to faces, bodies, and stimuli characterized by high spatial frequencies. A detailed understanding of the exact location and nature of associated white-tracts could significantly improve post-operative morbidity related to declining capacity. Through generalized q-sampling imaging (GQI) validated by gross dissection as a direct anatomical method of identifying white matter tracts, we have characterized these connections based on relationships to other well-known structures. We created the white matter tracts using GQI and confirmed the tracts using gross dissection. These dissections demonstrated connections to the occipital lobe from the fusiform gyrus along with longer association fibers that course through this gyrus. The fusiform gyrus is an important region implicated in such tasks as the visual processing of human faces and bodies, as well as the perception of stimuli with high spatial frequencies. Post-surgical outcomes related to this region may be better understood in the context of the fiber-bundle anatomy highlighted by this study.
Southern Ocean carbon export efficiency in relation to temperature and primary productivity
Authors: Fan Gaojing , Han Zhengbing , Ma Wentao , Chen Shuangling , Chai Fei , Mazloff Matthew R. , Pan Jianming , Zhang Haisheng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSatellite remote sensing and numerical models are widely used to estimate large-scale variations in ocean carbon export, but the relationship between export efficiency (e-ratio) of sinking organic carbon out of the surface ocean and its drivers remains poorly understood, especially in the Southern Ocean. Here, we assess the effects of temperature and primary productivity on e-ratio by combining particulate organic carbon export flux from in situ measurements during 1997–2013, environmental parameters from satellite products, and outputs from ocean biogeochemical models in the Southern Ocean. Results show that “High Productivity Low E-ratio” (HPLE) is a common phenomenon in the Subantarctic Zone and the Polar Frontal Zone, but not the Antarctic Zone. The e-ratio shows little dependence on temperature below 6 °C. Our results support the hypothesis that the HPLE phenomenon is due to the large contribution of non-sinking organic carbon. Both temperature and ballast minerals play less important roles in controlling e-ratio than ecosystem structure at low temperatures. These findings suggest that non-sinking organic carbon, ecosystem structure, and region-specific parameterizations of e-ratio are key factors to quantify the carbon export in the Southern Ocean.
Cleavage of human tau at Asp421 inhibits hyperphosphorylated tau induced pathology in a Drosophila model
Authors: Chi Hao , Sun Lee , Shiu Ren-Huei , Han Rui , Hsieh Chien-Ping , Wei Tzu-Min , Lo Chung-Chuan , Chang Hui-Yun , Sang Tzu-Kang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHyperphosphorylated and truncated tau variants are enriched in neuropathological aggregates in diseases known as tauopathies. However, whether the interaction of these posttranslational modifications affects tau toxicity as a whole remains unresolved. By expressing human tau with disease-related Ser/Thr residues to simulate hyperphosphorylation, we show that despite severe neurodegeneration in full-length tau, with the truncation at Asp421, the toxicity is ameliorated. Cytological and biochemical analyses reveal that hyperphosphorylated full-length tau distributes in the soma, the axon, and the axonal terminal without evident distinction, whereas the Asp421-truncated version is mostly restricted from the axonal terminal. This discrepancy is correlated with the fact that fly expressing hyperphosphorylated full-length tau, but not Asp421-cleaved one, develops axonopathy lesions, including axonal spheroids and aberrant actin accumulations. The reduced presence of hyperphosphorylated tau in the axonal terminal is corroborated with the observation that flies expressing Asp421-truncated variants showed less motor deficit, suggesting synaptic function is preserved. The Asp421 cleavage of tau is a proteolytic product commonly found in the neurofibrillary tangles. Our finding suggests the coordination of different posttranslational modifications on tau may have an unexpected impact on the protein subcellular localization and cytotoxicity, which may be valuable when considering tau for therapeutic purposes.
Genome reconstruction of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) from archival Davidson’s-fixed paraffin embedded shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) tissue
Authors: Cruz-Flores Roberto , Mai Hung N. , Kanrar Siddhartha , Aranguren Caro Luis Fernando , Dhar Arun K. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFormalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are a priceless resource for diagnostic laboratories worldwide. However, DNA extracted from these tissues is often not optimal for most downstream molecular analysis due to fragmentation and chemical modification. In this study, the complete genome of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) was reconstructed from ~ 2-year-old archived Davidson’s-fixed paraffin-embedded (DFPE) shrimp tissue using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). A histological analysis was performed on archived DFPE shrimp tissue and a sample showing a high level of WSSV infection was selected for molecular analysis. The viral infection was further confirmed by molecular methods. DNA isolated from DFPE and fresh frozen (FF) tissues were sequenced by NGS. The complete genome reconstruction of WSSV (~ 305 kbp) was achieved from both DFPE and FF tissue. Single nucleotide polymorphisms, insertion and deletions were compared between the genomes. Thirty-eight mutations were identified in the WSSV genomes from the DFPE and FF that differed from the reference genome. This is the first study that has successfully sequenced the complete genome of a virus of over 300 kbp from archival DFPE tissue. These findings demonstrate that DFPE shrimp tissue represents an invaluable resource for prospective and retrospective studies, evolutionary studies and opens avenues for pathogen discovery.
Pd on poly(1-vinylimidazole) decorated magnetic S-doped grafitic carbon nitride: an efficient catalyst for catalytic reduction of organic dyes
Authors: Dorraj Masoumeh , Sadjadi Samahe , Heravi Majid M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA novel magnetic catalyst, (SGCN/Fe3O4/PVIs/Pd) was synthesized by growing of poly(1-vinylimidazole) on the surface of ionic liquid decorated magnetic S-doped graphitic carbon nitride, followed by stabilization of palladium nanoparticles. Catalytic activity of the prepared heterogeneous catalyst was explored for the catalytic reduction of hazardous dyes, methyl orange and Rhodamine B, in the presence of NaBH4. Besides, the effects of the reaction variables on the catalytic activity were investigated in detail. The kinetics study established that dye reduction was the first order reaction and the apparent activation energy was calculated to be 72.63 kJ/mol and 68.35 kJ/mol1 for methyl orange and Rhodamine B dyes, respectively. Moreover, ΔS# and ΔH# values for methyl orange were found to be − 33.67 J/mol K and 68.39 kJ/mol respectively. These values for Rhodamine B were − 45.62 J/mol K and 65.92 kJ/mol. The recycling test verified that the catalyst possessed good stability and reusability, thereby making it a good candidate for the catalytic purposes. Furthermore, a possible catalytic mechanism for dye catalytic reduction over SGCN/Fe3O4/PVIs/Pd was proposed.
Parameters of geochemical effect equation for lanthanides and their geochemical significance for a series of metamorphic coals
Authors: Yang Jianye , Qin Shenjun , Li Jing , Xu Fei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe "geochemical effect of lanthanides" is a new concept proposed by the authors during the past decade. This concept reflects lanthanide shrinkage in elemental geochemistry, and it is statistically quantifiable. However, the geological significance of the various parameters of the equations obtained following quantization is not entirely clear. Cooperation and discussions from scholars in related research fields of rare earth elements in geology are required. In the present paper, from the perspective of coal geochemistry, the metamorphic coal seam of C2 series in Fengfeng Mine of Handan Coalfield in Hebei Province, China was used as an example. The geochemical significance of parameters in geochemical effect regression equation for lanthanides was evaluated, and two new formulas (regression equations) that characterized the geochemical behaviors of lanthanides were proposed. On this basis, concepts related to the geochemical effect of lanthanides, such as “individual parameters”, “parameters in common”, “two-sided parameters”, and the “deviation value” of lanthanides, were proposed. In this study, it was proved that the goodness of fit for all types of function regression equations for lanthanides and the radii of their trivalent ions, and the “deviation value” of lanthanides, were all “individual parameters” that could indicate the post-modified geological environment of C2 coal seam, such as the influence from magmatic-hydrothermal fluids. A covariant figure was constructed according to these individual parameters and other indexes, and the C2 coal seam in Handan was effectively divided into two different metamorphic series of A (C2 coal seam uninfluenced or slightly influenced by magmatic-hydrothermal fluids) and B (C2 coal seam strongly influenced and evidently changed by magmatic-hydrothermal fluids). Consequently, the scientific significance of all the parameters for lanthanides in an identifying series of metamorphic coals within the geochemical effect regression equation was further clarified.
Effects of legume-diet and sex of ducks on the growth performance, physicochemical traits of meat and fatty acid composition in fat
Authors: Kowalska Emilia , Kucharska-Gaca Joanna , Kuźniacka Joanna , Biesek Jakub , Banaszak Mirosław , Adamski Marek 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDuck meat enjoys growing popularity among consumers. Alternative protein sources to soybean are being investigated to eliminate genetically modified components from the poultry’ diet. The aim of this study was to compare growth performance, quality of meat, and fatty acid composition in subcutaneous and abdominal fat from ducks fed a diet based on yellow lupin and rapeseed meal, sources of protein alternative to soybean meal (SBM). Ducks were allocated to different dietary treatment groups and reared for 8 weeks (N = 102 per group). Group A received a diet based on SBM, while group B was fed a diet based on yellow lupin with the addition of rapeseed meal. Both groups were divided into two subgroups, of male and female birds. Growth performance parameters and zoometric traits of ducks were monitored during the growth period. After 8 weeks selected birds were slaughtered and dissected (N = 10 per group). Carcass composition was calculated and selected traits of meat quality important for further processing were analysed. Subcutaneous and abdominal fat were collected to analyse fatty acid composition. The alternative diet had no negative effect on ducks’ growth performance parameters and dressing percentage. The replacement of SBM with yellow lupin and rapeseed meal increased n-3 fatty acid content, which is important for consumers. In conclusion, SBM can be replaced with feed containing 60.10% of yellow lupin and 14.00% of rapeseed meal in concentrate. These sources of protein are mainly recommended for small poultry farms, which do not always have access to SBM and prepare poultry feed from their own crops.
Narrative Intervention: Principles to Practice
Authors: Spencer Trina D. , Petersen Douglas B. 
Published: August 2020

PurposeNarrative interventions are a class of language interventions that involve the use of telling or retelling stories. Narrative intervention can be an efficient and versatile means of promoting a large array of academically and socially important language targets that improve children's access to general education curriculum and enhance their peer relations. The purpose of this tutorial is to supply foundational information about the importance of narratives and to offer recommendations about how to maximize the potential of narrative interventions in school-based clinical practice.MethodDrawing from decades of cognitive and linguistic research, a tutorial on narratives and narrative language is presented first. Ten principles that support the design and implementation of narrative interventions are described.ResultsClinicians can use narrative intervention to teach story grammar, complex language, vocabulary, inferencing, and social pragmatics. Storytelling, as an active intervention ingredient, promotes the comprehension and production of complex language.ConclusionWhen narrative intervention is implemented following a set of principles drawn from research and extensive clinical experience, speech-language pathologists can efficiently and effectively teach a broad set of academically and socially meaningful skills to diverse students.
Das Management von Glaskörpertrübungen
Authors: Lommatzsch Albrecht 
Published: August 2020

ZusammenfassungDas Management von symptomatischen Glaskörpertrübungen stellt sich in der täglichen Praxis oft als kompliziert dar. Die Nd:YAG-Laser-Vitreolyse rückt als weitere therapeutische Option immer mehr in den Fokus. Vergleichende randomisierte Studien zur Vitrektomie, Nd:YAG-Laser-Vitreolyse und einer abwartenden Vorgehensweise zum Spontanverlauf gibt es leider nicht. Dieser Beitrag versucht, zu dieser Problematik einen Überblick zu geben.
Progression of Diabetic Complications in Subgroups of People with
Long Term Diabetes Type 1 According to Clinical Course
Authors: Gerdes Christian , Werner Christoph , Kloos Christof , Lehmann Thomas , Wolf Gunter , Müller Ulrich Alfons , Müller Nicolle 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Aims Prevention and prediction of microvascular complications are
important aims of medical care in people with type 1 diabetes. Since the course
of the disease is heterogenous, we tried to identify subgroups with specific
risk profiles for microvascular complications.
Methods Retrospective analysis of a cohort of 285 people (22637
consultations) with >10 years of type 1 diabetes. Persons were grouped
into slow (<15 years), fast (>15 years) and non progressors
according to the average onset of microvascular complications. Generalized
estimating equations for binary outcomes were applied and pseudo coefficients of
determination were calculated.
Results Progression to microvascular disease was associated with age (OR:
1.034 [1.001–1.068]; p=0.04), diabetes duration (OR: 1.057
[1.021–1.094]; p=0.002), HbA1c (OR: 1.035
[1.011–1.060]; p=0.005), BMI (OR: 0.928 [0.866–0.994];
p=0.034) and the social strata index (OR: 0.910 [0.830–0.998];
p=0.046). Generalized estimating equations predicted 31.02% and
exclusion of HbA1c marginally reduced the value to 28.88%.
The proportion of patients with LADA was higher in fast than slow progressors
[13 (26.5%) vs. 14 (11.9%); p=0.019]. A generalized
estimating equation comparing slow to fast progressors revealed no significant
markers.
Conclusion In our analysis, we were able to confirm known risk factors
for microvascular disease in people with type 1 diabetes. Overall, prediction of
individual risk was difficult, the effect of individual markers minor and we
could not find differences regarding slow or fast progression. We therefore
emphasis the need for additional markers to predict individual risk for
microvascular disease.
Ergebnisse der isolierten Resektion des vierten Fingerstrahls
Authors: Mayr-Riedler Michael Stephan , Prommersberger Karl-Josef , van Schoonhoven Jörg 
Published: August 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Nach Teilresektion des vierten Fingerstrahls nehmen viele Handchirurgen eine Transposition des Kleinfingerstrahls auf die Position des Ringfingerstrahls vor. Viele andere – auch wir – resezieren den vierten Strahl vollständig durch Exartikulation im Karpometakarpalgelenk und raffen das Ligamentum metacarpale transversum profundum, in der Vorstellung, hierdurch und durch eine spontane Radialverschiebung des Kleinfingerstrahles die Lücke zwischen dem dritten und fünften Mittelhandknochen ausreichend zu verkleinern. Ziel dieser retrospektiven Studie war es, die klinischen, radiologischen und subjektiven Ergebnisse nach vollständiger Resektion des vierten Fingerstrahls mit Adaption des Ligamentums metacarpale transversum profundum zu erheben.
Patienten und Methoden 7 Patienten (3 Frauen, 4 Männer) mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 50 (26–62) Jahren konnten nach durchschnittlich 43 (2–174) Monaten nachuntersucht werden. Erhoben wurden die Fingerbeweglichkeit, die Handkraft, die Sensibilität (Hoffmann-Tinel-Zeichen, Semmes-Weinstein-Monofilament), die Geschicklichkeit (Nine-Hole-Peg-Test), Schmerzen (Ruhe- und Belastungsschmerzen, Phantomschmerzen, Wetterfühligkeit) sowie die Patientenzufriedenheit nach funktionellen und ästhetischen Gesichtspunkten. Auf Röntgenaufnahmen der Hand wurde präoperativ, direkt postoperativ und bei der Nachuntersuchung der Abstand zwischen den Köpfen und Basen der Mittelhandknochen III und V bestimmt.
Ergebnisse Als einzige Komplikation trat bei einem Patienten eine leichte Wundheilungsstörung auf, welche konservativ beherrscht wurde. Die Sensibilität war bei keinem Patienten eingeschränkt und kein Patient zeigte klinisch Neurombeschwerden. Die Fingerbeweglichkeit zeigte sich bei 2 Patienten sowohl beim Faustschluss als auch bei der Fingerstreckung leicht eingeschränkt. Die mittlere Kraft betrug im Grobgriff 61 (54–78) % und im Spitzgriff 65 (35–122) % der gesunden Gegenseite. Der mittlere DASH-Score konnte von 42,2 präoperativ auf 27,5 reduziert werden. Die Geschicklichkeit zeigte sich im Vergleich zur gesunden Gegenseite mit einer mittleren Verlängerung des Nine-Hole-Peg-Tests um 23 % leicht reduziert. Die intermetakarpale Lücke reduzierte sich bis zur letzten Nachuntersuchung zwischen den Basen der Metakarpalia III und V im Mittel um 67 % und zwischen den Köpfen um 50 %. Das Erscheinungsbild der Hand wurde von den Patienten als sehr gut bewertet.
Schlussfolgerung Die vollständige Resektion des vierten Fingerstrahls mit Weichteiladaption ermöglicht einen suffizienten Verschluss der intermetakarpalen Lücke ohne Rotationsabweichung und ergibt gute bis sehr gute funktionelle und ästhetische Ergebnisse bei niedriger Komplikationsrate.
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy after Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion – Prevalence and Risk Factors
Authors: Huschbeck Alina , Knoop Michael , Gahleitner Adrian , Koch Stefan , Schrom Thomas , Stoffel Michael , Alfieri Alex , Dengler Julius 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background and Study Aims Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (RLNP) is a potential complication of anterior discectomy and fusion (ACDF). There still is substantial disagreement on the actual prevalence of RLNP after ACDF as well as on risk factors for postoperative RLNP. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of postoperative RLNP in a cohort of consecutive cases of ACDF and to examine potential risk factors.
Materials and Methods This retrospective study included patients who underwent ACDF between 2005 and 2019 at a single neurosurgical center. As part of clinical routine, RLNP was examined prior to and after surgery by independent otorhinolaryngologists using endoscopic laryngoscopy. As potential risk factors for postoperative RLNP, we examined patient's age, sex, body mass index, multilevel surgery, and the duration of surgery.
Results 214 consecutive cases were included. The prevalence of preoperative RLNP was 1.4% (3/214) and the prevalence of postoperative RLNP was 9% (19/211). The number of operated levels was 1 in 73.5% (155/211), 2 in 24.2% (51/211), and 3 or more in 2.4% (5/211) of cases. Of all cases, 4.7% (10/211) were repeat surgeries. There was no difference in the prevalence of RLNP between the primary surgery group (9.0%, 18/183) versus the repeat surgery group (10.0%, 1/10; p = 0.91). Also, there was no difference in any characteristics between subjects with postoperative RLNP compared with those without postoperative RLNP. We found no association between postoperative RLNP and patient’s age, sex, body mass index, duration of surgery, or number of levels (odds ratios between 0.24 and 1.05; p values between 0.20 and 0.97).
Conclusions In our cohort, the prevalence of postoperative RLNP after ACDF was 9.0%. The fact that none of the examined variables was associated with the occurrence of RLNP supports the view that postoperative RLNP may depend more on direct mechanical manipulation during surgery than on specific patient or surgical characteristics.
Nonlife-Threatening Sarcoidosis
Authors: Castro Marina Dornfeld Cunha , Pereira Carlos Alberto de Castro 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. The outcome is quite variable and is mainly related to persistent inflammatory processes and the development of fibrosis. Many prognostic factors have been described, but the disease evolution is not yet entirely known. The nonthreatening course is characterized by spontaneous involution or stability after treatment withdrawal. Löfgren's syndrome is a subset within the spectrum of sarcoidosis phenotypes, composed of acute onset of fever, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, erythema nodosum and/or bilateral ankle periarticular inflammation/arthritis, specifically characterized by a self-limiting disease course. In contrast, advanced fibrotic sarcoidosis with pulmonary hypertension phenotype is correlated with a poor prognosis. Further studies are necessary to detail phenotypes to better understand the mechanisms of the disease and plan future clinical therapeutic studies.