bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light‐Driven Flipping of Azobenzene Assemblies—Sparse Crystal Structures and Responsive Behaviour to Polarised Light
Authors: Kageyama Yoshiyuki , Ikegami Tomonori , Satonaga Shinnosuke , Obara Kazuma , Sato Hiroyasu , Takeda Sadamu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFor creation of autonomous microrobots, which are able to move under conditions of a constant environment and a constant energy supply, a mechanism for maintenance of mechanical motion with a capacity for self‐control is required. This requirement, known as self‐organisation, represents the ability of a system to evade equilibrium through formation of a spatio‐temporal pattern. Following our previous finding of a self‐oscillatory flipping motion of an azobenzene‐containing co‐crystal, we present here regulation of the flipping motion by a light‐receiving sensor molecule in relation to the alignment and role of azobenzene molecules in crystals. In the anisotropic structure, a specific azobenzene molecule acts as a reaction centre for the conversion of light to a mechanical function process, whereas the other molecules act as modulators for spatio‐pattern regulation. The present results demonstrate that autonomously drivable molecular materials can exhibit information‐responsive, self‐sustainable motion by incorporating stimulus‐responsive sensors.
A Tetrairon Dication Featuring Tetraethynylbenzene Bridging Ligand: A Molecular Prototype of Quantum Dot Cellular Automata
Authors: Makhoul Rim , Hamon Paul , Roisnel Thierry , Hamon Jean‐René , Lapinte Claude 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe unprecedented tetrairon dication [{Cp*(dppe)FeC≡C‐}4‐μ‐(1,2,4,5‐C6H2)](PF6)2 (1) was obtained through a sequence of three reactions from 1,2,4,5‐tetraethynylbenzene, Cp*(dppe)FeCl (Cp*=C5Me5, dppe=1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphino)‐ethane), KOtBu, and ferrocenium hexafluorophosphate. The cyclic voltammogram of the target molecule, isolated in 77 % yield, exhibits four well separated and reversible redox events showing that 1 is thermodynamically stable with respect to disproportionation (Kc>106). The tetranuclear dication 1 was characterized by XRD on single crystal, IR and NMR spectroscopies and Mössbauer spectrometry. The experimental data show that 1 behaves as a class II mixed‐valence complex with the positive charges preferentially disposed on antipodal positions. This new molecule can be regarded as a potential molecular prototype of quantum dot cellular automata.
A novel recommender algorithm based on graph embedding and diffusion sampling
Authors: Chen Jiaying , Yu Jiong , Qian Yurong , Li Ping , Bian Chen 
Published: March 2020

SummaryWith the rapid increase in e‐commerce data, recommender systems (RSs) have become the most prevalent methods for providing recommended services in various commercial platforms. Deep learning–based recommender methods improve recommendation results by learning latent representations; however, most cannot capture the correlations between items and ignore additional information such as time information, which leads to suboptimal suggestions. To improve recommendation accuracy, we propose a novel recommender algorithm based on graph embedding and diffusion sampling (graph2vec). Our improved model constructs a graph based on users' behavior histories and embeds the graph to a low‐dimensional vector space with a deep learning approach. To obtain more accurate embedding results, we use a revised sampling method based on information diffusion theory to capture both the depth and breadth information of a graph. Then, we recommend the top‐N items to the target user depending on the final representation vectors. Experiments are carried out with real‐world datasets to demonstrate the superior performance of graph2vec. The results show that browse‐based graph construction and diffuse‐based graph embedding help improve the recommender accuracy of the new model compared with that of the selected state‐of‐the‐art models.
When and how does customer engagement in CSR initiatives lead to greater CSR participation? The role of CSR credibility and customer–company identification
Authors: Hur Won‐Moo , Moon Tae‐Won , Kim Hanna 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the effects of customers' perception of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on their CSR participation intention via customer–company identification (C–C identification). The authors also examine how CSR credibility strengthens the customers' CSR perception–C–C identification relationship and the indirect relationship between CSR perception and CSR participation intention through C–C identification. We conducted a survey of 567 South Korean bank customers and performed structural equation modeling to test our hypotheses. C–C identification partially mediated the relationship between customers' CSR perception and CSR participation intention. The positive association between customers' CSR perception and C–C identification was more pronounced when CSR credibility was higher than when it was lower. CSR credibility further moderated the indirect effect of customers' CSR perception and CSR participation intention through C‐C identification. This study deepens CSR research by showing how a cognitive CSR perception leads to a behavioral CSR participation based on a research model.
Design of high throughput asynchronous FIR filter using gate level pipelined multipliers and adders
Authors: Sravani K , Rao Rathnamala 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThis work presents the design of an asynchronous digital finite impulse response (FIR) filter suitable for high‐performance partial response maximum likelihood (PRML) read channel ICs. A high throughput, low latency FIR filter is the basic requirement for the equalization process in read channels. To achieve the enhancement in speed and reduction in latency of the FIR filter, its computational units are deeply pipelined using high‐capacity hybrid (HC‐hybrid) logic pipeline method. The designed FIR filter has been simulated using UMC‐180 nm and UMC‐65 nm technologies. Simulation results show that the asynchronous digital FIR filter can operate up to a throughput of 1.17 Giga items/s in 180 nm and 2.3 Giga items/s in 65 nm technology yet with the latency in the order of ns.
Lessons Learned Working With Drug‐Free Community Coalitions and Collaboratives
Authors: Price Ann Webb 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSince 1997, the United States Congress, through the Drug‐Free Communities (DFC) Support Program, has provided funding for community coalitions to prevent youth substance abuse. This chapter describes lessons learned from working with community drug‐free coalitions and suggests guidelines and resources to assist the evaluator working with DFC‐funded community coalitions.
Readiness and Relationships Are Crucial for Coalitions and Collaboratives: Concepts and Evaluation Tools
Authors: Hajjar Lauren , Cook Brittany S. , Domlyn Ariel , Ray Kassy Alia , Laird David , Wandersman Abraham 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCollaboration is identified as an essential component for the successful implementation of a wide range of policies and programs. A major collaboration challenge, particularly in large community initiatives, is the need for multiple organizations to develop strategic partnerships around a shared purpose. Due to the importance of collaboration in achieving desired outcomes, the readiness of organizations to collaborate, and the quality of relationships between organizations are key, particularly in the formation stage. This is especially true of community coalitions, where collaboration requires comprehensive planning, shared decision‐making among stakeholders, and a high level of productivity and quality of relationships based on trust and mutual respect. In this chapter, we present two evidence‐based frameworks and evaluation tools that can be used to assess and build readiness and high‐quality relationships in efforts to improve community outcomes. This is illustrated in a case example of a new community coalition focused on increasing youth safety and improving police‐community relationships in a high crime neighborhood. Implications and lessons learned are discussed.
Evaluation Methods Commonly Used to Assess Effectiveness of Community Coalitions in Public Health: Results From a Scoping Review
Authors: Kegler Michelle C. , Halpin Sean N. , Butterfoss Frances Dunn 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCommunity coalitions are well established as an important strategy for addressing public health problems through the lens of health equity, social determinants of health, and/or a social ecologic perspective. After almost three decades of practice and research on community‐based collaborative approaches, a large number of evaluations have been conducted to examine the processes of coalition formation, approaches to creating community change, and whether intermediate and longer‐term outcomes have been achieved. This chapter reports the results of a scoping review of the methods commonly used to evaluate community coalitions. English‐language articles were identified through a search of keywords, including community coalitions and evaluation published in the PubMed database between 2000 and 2018. Only outcome evaluations were included for a total of fifty‐five eligible papers. Two coders abstracted the following domains: public health topic, number of coalitions, framework or theory, study design, data collection methods, temporality, and types of outcomes (i.e., behavioral or health, community change, community capacity). Strategies for attributing observed outcomes to coalitions also were assessed. Findings suggest that the same challenges which limited the field a decade ago remain. Community changes were documented most often, with no behavioral or health outcomes. Studies that evaluated behavioral or health outcomes most commonly evaluated a single program, with limited or no examination of how the coalition(s) influenced program effectiveness. Current methods are adequate for assessing community changes and community capacity outcomes and evaluating specific intervention strategies. The two real stumbling blocks are documenting whether complex and synergistic multi‐sectoral community change leads to population‐level behavioral and health outcomes and, then, parceling out the added value of a coalition approach over other approaches to creating community change.
Investigation of prediction accuracy and the impact of sample size, ancestry, and tissue in transcriptome‐wide association studies
Authors: Fryett James J. , Morris Andrew P. , Cordell Heather J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn transcriptome‐wide association studies (TWAS), gene expression values are predicted using genotype data and tested for association with a phenotype. The power of this approach to detect associations relies, at least in part, on the accuracy of the prediction. Here we compare the prediction accuracy of six different methods—LASSO, Ridge regression, Elastic net, Best Linear Unbiased Predictor, Bayesian Sparse Linear Mixed Model, and Random Forests—by performing cross‐validation using data from the Geuvadis Project. We also examine prediction accuracy (a) at different sample sizes, (b) when ancestry of the prediction model training and testing populations is different, and (c) when the tissue used to train the model is different from the tissue to be predicted. We find that, for most genes, the expression cannot be accurately predicted, but in general sparse statistical models tend to outperform polygenic models at prediction. Average prediction accuracy is reduced when the model training set size is reduced or when predicting across ancestries and is marginally reduced when predicting across tissues. We conclude that using sparse statistical models and the development of large reference panels across multiple ethnicities and tissues will lead to better prediction of gene expression, and thus may improve TWAS power.
Metagenome metabolic analysis revealing the mechanism of simultaneous methanogenesis, aerobic methane oxidation and denitrification (SMAMOD) in a microaerobic up‐flow sludge bed biofilm reactor
Authors: Xin Zhou , Zeyang Yin , Daling Ge , Gonglei Wang , Wei Zhang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDImproved denitrification with methane as alternative electron donor is regarded as a promising low‐cost approach for organic nitrate‐containing wastewater treatment. However, in situ capture of methane released from a methanogenic system for enhancing nitrogen removal seems to be scarcely reported. The applications of simultaneous denitrification, methanogenesis, and aerobic methane oxidation coupled to denitrification provide the possibility for solving the challenging issue.RESULTSIn this study, simultaneous methanogenesis, aerobic methane oxidation, and denitrification (SMAMOD) was firstly established in a microaerobic up‐flow sludge bed biofilm reactor (MUSBBR) treating high‐strength synthetic wastewater with 2000 mg L−1 Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 400 mg L−1 nitrate. The operation demonstrated 98.8% COD, 98.8% NO3−‐N, and 93.5% TN removals were stably obtained. Microbial community found the coexistence and cooperation of Methanothrix as methanogens, Methylogaea as aerobic methanotrophs, as well as facultative denitrification genera in SMAMOD system. Gene profiling demonstrated key functional genes involved in aerobic and anaerobic fermentation, methanogenesis and aerobic methane oxidation, as well as nitrate reduction induced by nitrate reductase systems. In organic oxygen‐limited biotransformation, glucose was degraded mainly through aerobic respiration, anaerobic fermentation into methane by decarboxylation of acetic acid, and further methane aerobic oxidation pathways, while acetate‐ and methanol‐denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium pathways participated in the nitrogen bioconversion. Further, the metabolic mechanism of SMAMOD might be unraveled by spatial interactions of key metagenomes in core microbial consortiums in the MUSBBR reactor.CONCLUSIONThe study offers valuable metagenomic insights into SMAMOD as a potentially compact process for sustainable treatment of high‐strength organic nitrate‐containing wastewater. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Impact of enteral arginine supplementation on lysine metabolism in humans: A proof‐of‐concept for lysine‐related inborn errors of metabolism
Authors: Schmidt Zoe , Murthy Gayathri , Ennis Madeleine , Stockler‐Ipsiroglu Sylvia , Elango Rajavel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPatients with lysine‐related inborn errors of metabolism (pyridoxine‐dependent epilepsy [PDE] and glutaric aciduria type 1 [GA1]), follow a lysine‐restricted diet with arginine‐fortified lysine‐free amino acid formula and additional oral arginine supplementation as a newer therapy for PDE. The rationale of arginine supplementation is based on arginine's ability to compete with lysine transport across cell membranes via shared transporter systems. Adequate doses of arginine required to competitively inhibit enteral lysine uptake has not been studied in humans This proof‐of‐concept study investigates the effect of incremental enteral arginine doses on whole‐body lysine oxidation using an in vivo stable isotope tracer, L‐[1‐13C] lysine, in healthy humans. Five healthy men completed six study days each consuming one dose of l‐arginine HCl per study day; range = 50‐600 mg/kg/d. Lysine intake was at DRI (30 mg/kg/d). Breath samples were analysed for L‐[1‐13C] lysine oxidation to 13CO2 using an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. Plasma amino acid concentrations were analysed using an amino acid analyser. Increasing doses of l‐arginine HCl caused a linear decrease in whole‐body lysine oxidation. Plasma arginine concentration increased, and plasma lysine concentration decreased below normal range with high arginine intakes. We provide the first empirical evidence of arginine‐lysine antagonism in response to increasing oral arginine doses. Results suggest 300‐600 mg/kg/d of l‐arginine HCl and lysine intake restricted to DRI is needed to reduce enteral lysine uptake and systemic lysine oxidation. This could potentially lead to a recommended dose for arginine in lysine‐related inborn errors of metabolism.
A doubt of multiple introduction of SARS‐CoV‐2 in Italy: A preliminary overview
Authors: Giovanetti Marta , Angeletti Silvia , Benvenuto Domenico , Ciccozzi Massimo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe emergence of the novel betacoronavirus, recently renamed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has raised serious concerns due to the virus's rapid dissemination worldwide. Nevertheless, there is limited information about the genomic epidemiology of SARS‐CoV‐2 circulating in Italy from surveillance studies. The shortage of complete genomic sequences available impairs our understanding of the SARS‐CoV‐2 introduction and establishment in the country. To better understand its dynamics in Italy, we analyzed complete genomes of SARS‐CoV‐2 isolates, obtained directly from clinical samples. Our phylogenetic reconstructions suggest possible multiple introduction of SARS‐CoV‐2. Continued genomic surveillance strategies are needed to improve monitoring and understanding of the current SARS‐CoV‐2 epidemics, which might help to attenuate public health impact of infectious diseases.
How the Influence of Different Salts on Interfacial Properties of Surfactant–Oil–Water Systems at Optimum Formulation Matches the Hofmeister Series Ranking
Authors: Vera Ramon E. , Salazar‐Rodríguez Franklin , Marquez Ronald , Forgiarini Ana M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this work, we present the effects of salts on sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate micellization and on the interfacial performance of a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate–heptane–brine system at optimum formulation, i.e., hydrophilic–lipophilic deviation (HLD) = 0. In order to do that, interfacial tension and dilational interfacial rheology properties of surfactant–heptane–water systems at optimum formulation are measured using an interfacial spinning drop tensiometer with an oscillating velocity, which can accurately measure interfacial rheology properties at both low and ultralow interfacial tensions. The brines used contain one of the following salts: MgCl2, CaCl2, NaCl, NH4Cl, NaNO3, CH3COONa, or Na2SO4. We performed a one‐dimensional salinity scan with each of these salts to achieve an optimum formulation. In relation to the Hofmeister series, we found that, at optimum formulation, systems with chaotropic ions (NH4+, NO3−) present interfaces with ultralow interfacial tensions, very low dilational modulus, and a low phase angle, whereas kosmotropic ions (Mg2+, Ca2+, SO4−2) generate high interfacial tension and high rigidity monolayers. Intermediate ions in the Hofmeister series (Na+, CH3COO−, Cl−) present interfaces with intermediate properties. Furthermore, according to the Hofmeister series, interfaces can be respectively ordered from higher to lower rigidity for surfactant counterions Mg2+ > Ca2+ > Na+ > NH4+and coions SO42−> CH3COO– > Cl− > NO3−, which correspond to a salting‐out (highest rigidity) and salting‐in (lowest rigidity) effect. We observed that counterions have a more significant effect on surfactant–oil–water system properties than those that act as coions.
Trends in nonoperative management of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma
Authors: Holoubek Simon A. , Yan Huan , Kuchta Kristine M. , Winchester David J. , Moo‐Young Tricia A. , Prinz Richard A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn 2010, a Japanese trial of nonoperative management for papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTmC) was published. This study determines if the prevalence of nonoperative management in the United States has changed and if there are predictors of this approach.MethodsPatients treated for PTmC between 2004 and 2015 in the National Cancer Data Base were identified. Inclusion criteria were: classic or follicular variant papillary cancer histology, tumor size 1 to 10 mm, cN0 disease and no extrathyroidal extension or metastatic disease. Nonoperative management was assessed over time and compared between 2004‐2010 and 2010‐2015. Logistic regression identified factors associated with nonoperative management.ResultsOf 65 381 PTmC patients, 344 (0.5%) were treated nonoperatively. The annual rate of nonoperative management was similar at 0.6% in 2004 to 0.4% in 2010 (P = .755) but increased to 0.9% in 2015 (P < .001). There was no difference in patient age, race, comorbidities, or reason for nonoperative management between the two periods. Academic centers managed more patients nonoperatively. Multivariable logistic regression suggests older age, facility type, location, Hispanic, Asian, and Native American ethnicity were associated with nonoperative management.ConclusionThe vast majority of PTmC in the United States is treated with an operation. A small but significant increase in nonoperative management occurred between 2004‐2010 and 2010‐2015.
Macrocell corrosion of steel in concrete: Characterization of anodic behavior in relation to the chloride content
Authors: Chalhoub Chantal , François Raoul , Garcia David , Laurens Stephane , Carcasses Myriam 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study presents the determination of electrochemical properties of active steel in mortar, based on inverse numerical modeling that focuses on their dependency on chloride content. An experimental campaign, consisting of galvanic coupling tests between anode samples contaminated with different chloride concentrations and cathode samples without chlorides, was carried out. Cathode polarization tests allowed for directly determining passive steel electrochemical parameters. Anode polarization tests coupled with a numerical optimization were then performed for quantifying active steel parameters and focusing on chloride's effect on the iron anodic Tafel coefficient. Furthermore, the steel electrochemical properties were successfully used as input parameters to model the galvanic experiments.
3D MTF estimation using sphere phantoms for cone‐beam computed tomography systems
Authors: Lee Changwoo , Song Hoon‐dong , Baek Jongduk 
Published: March 2020

PurposeFor cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems, we propose a sphere phantom based method to estimate the full three‐dimensional (3D) modulation transfer function (MTF).MethodsThe FDK reconstruction of CBCT system in a local region was modeled by a triple convolution operator. Afterward, we calculated the directional projections of ideal and reconstructed sphere phantoms into a two‐dimensional (2D) plane for multiple views. To estimate the projected 3D point spread function (PSF), we applied the 2D Richardson–Lucy deconvolution with Tikhonov–Miller (RL‐TM). After estimating the projected 3D PSF from multiple views, the full 3D PSF was estimated by performing filtered backprojection. Then, the full 3D MTF was calculated by taking the modulus of the Fourier transform of the estimated 3D PSF. To validate the proposed method, we reconstructed sphere phantoms from simulation and experiment data. We simulated ideal 3D MTFs and compared them with the estimated 3D MTFs along the

‐,

‐, and

‐directions. The full‐width at half‐maximum (FWHM) and full‐width at tenth‐maximum (FWTM) values were compared between ideal and estimated 3D MTFs.ResultsThe estimated 3D MTFs from both the simulation and experiment results show qualitative similarity in their shapes with the ideal 3D MTFs; FWHM and FWTM results quantitatively show that the proposed method provides reliable estimation performance. In particular, the estimated 3D MTF in a missing cone region was correctly matched with the corresponding ideal 3D MTF.ConclusionsIn this work, we proposed a full 3D MTF estimation method for CBCT systems. Based on the results, we believe that the proposed method can be used to evaluate the spatial resolution performance of CBCT systems.