bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Similarity measurement on human mobility data with spatially weighted structural similarity index (SpSSIM)
Authors: Jin Chanwoo , Nara Atsushi , Yang Jiue‐An , Tsou Ming‐Hsiang 
Published: October 2019

AbstractUnderstanding diverse characteristics of human mobility provides profound knowledge of urban dynamics and complexity. Human movements are recorded in a variety of data sources and each describes unique mobility characteristics. Revealing similarity and difference in mobility data sources facilitates grasping comprehensive human mobility patterns. This study introduces a new method to measure similarities on two origin–destination (OD) matrices by spatially extending an image‐assessment tool, the structural similarity index (SSIM). The new measurement, spatially weighted SSIM (SpSSIM), utilizes weight matrices to overcome the SSIM sensitivity issue due to the ordering of OD pairs by explicitly defining spatial adjacency. To evaluate SpSSIM, we compared performances between SSIM and SpSSIM with resampling the orders of OD pairs and conducted bootstrapping to test the statistical significance of SpSSIM. As a case study, we compared OD matrices generated from three data sources in San Diego County, CA: U.S. Census‐based Longitudinal Employer–Household Dynamics Origin–Destination employment statistics, Twitter, and Instagram. The case study demonstrated that SpSSIM was able to capture similarities of mobility patterns between datasets that varied by distance. Some regions showed local dissimilarity while the global index indicated they were similar. The results enhance the understanding of complex mobility patterns from various datasets, including social media.
Design and Prototype Test Data for a 300 kW Active Magnetic Bearings-Supported Turbine Generator for Natural Gas Pressure Letdown
Authors: Khatri Rasish , Hawkins Lawrence A. , Ortiz Neri Massimiliano , Cangioli Francesco , Biliotti Davide 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A 300 kW integrated and fully sealed turboexpander-generator for natural gas pressure letdown (PLD) was developed by Baker Hughes, a GE company (BHGE), in conjunction with Calnetix Technologies. This paper describes the design and analysis of the generator, magnetic bearings, and touchdown bearings, with a focus on the dynamic performance and key characteristics of the machine. The permanent magnet (PM) synchronous generator is supported by PM-biased, homopolar magnetic bearings and has a maximum continuous operating speed (MCOS) of 31.5 krpm. A touchdown bearing system is implemented using rolling element bearings with soft mount supports. Also described is a thrust load balancing scheme that uses the thrust bearing coil current for reference. A time transient simulation showing the effect of process conditions on the AMB dynamics is shown. Preliminary data from the prototype mechanical run test are shown, including transfer functions measured using the magnetic bearings, Campbell diagram, and touchdown bearing drop test results.
Functional Characterization of LIPA (Lysosomal Acid Lipase) Variants Associated With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Evans Trent D. , Zhang Xiangyu , Clark Reece E. , Alisio Arturo , Song Eric , Zhang Hanrui , Reilly Muredach P. , Stitziel Nathan O. , Razani Babak 
Published: October 2019

Objective:

LIPA (lysosomal acid lipase) mediates cholesteryl ester hydrolysis, and patients with rare loss-of-function mutations develop hypercholesterolemia and severe disease. Genome-wide association studies of coronary artery disease have identified several tightly linked, common intronic risk variants in
LIPA
which unexpectedly associate with increased mRNA expression. However, an exonic variant (rs1051338 resulting in T16P) in linkage with intronic variants lies in the signal peptide region and putatively disrupts trafficking. We sought to functionally investigate the net impact of this locus on LIPA and whether rs1051338 could disrupt LIPA processing and function to explain coronary artery disease risk.

Approach and Results:
In monocytes isolated from a large cohort of healthy individuals, we demonstrate both exonic and intronic risk variants are associated with increased LIPA enzyme activity coincident with the increased transcript levels. To functionally isolate the impact of rs1051338, we studied several in vitro overexpression systems and consistently observed no differences in LIPA expression, processing, activity, or secretion. Further, we characterized a second common exonic coding variant (rs1051339), which is predicted to alter LIPA signal peptide cleavage similarly to rs1051338, yet is not linked to intronic variants. rs1051339 also does not impact LIPA function in vitro and confers no coronary artery disease risk.

Conclusions:
Our findings show that common LIPA exonic variants in the signal peptide are of minimal functional significance and suggest coronary artery disease risk is instead associated with increased LIPA function linked to intronic variants. Understanding the mechanisms and cell-specific contexts of LIPA function in the plaque is necessary to understand its association with cardiovascular risk.
Distressed Stocks in Distressed Times
Authors: Eisdorfer Assaf , Misirli Efdal Ulas 
Published: October 2019

We partially explain the well-documented distress anomaly by studying the risk/return relation of distressed stocks across market states. We show that the anomaly does not hold in market downturns. The asset beta and financial leverage of distressed stocks rise significantly during bear markets, resulting in a dramatic increase in their equity beta. Hence, a long/short healthy-minus-distressed trading strategy leads to significant losses when the market rebounds. Managing this risk mitigates the severe losses of financial distress strategies and significantly improves their Sharpe ratios. Our results remain strongly significant controlling for the momentum effect and are robust to various estimation procedures. This paper was accepted by Tyler Shumway, finance.
Dynamic Attention Behavior Under Return Predictability
Authors: Andrei Daniel , Hasler Michael 
Published: October 2019

We investigate the dynamic problem of how much attention an investor should pay to news in order to learn about stock-return predictability and maximize expected lifetime utility. We show that the optimal amount of attention is U-shaped in the return predictor, increasing with both uncertainty and the magnitude of the predictive coefficient and decreasing with stock-return volatility. The optimal risky asset position exhibits a negative hedging demand that is hump shaped in the return predictor. Its magnitude is larger when uncertainty increases but smaller when stock-return volatility increases. We test and find empirical support for these theoretical predictions. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
A Balancing Act of Regulating On-Demand Ride Services
Authors: Yu Jiayi Joey , Tang Christopher S. , Max Shen Zuo-Jun , Chen Xiqun Michael 
Published: October 2019

Regulating on-demand ride-hailing services (e.g., Uber and DiDi) requires a balance of multiple competing objectives: encouraging innovative business models (e.g., DiDi), sustaining traditional industries (e.g., taxi), creating new jobs, and reducing traffic congestion. This study is motivated by a regulatory policy implemented by the Chinese government in 2017 and a similar policy approved by the New York City Council in 2018 that regulate the “maximum” number of registered Uber/DiDi drivers. We examine the impact of these policies on the welfare of different stakeholders (i.e., consumers, taxi drivers, on-demand ride service company, and independent drivers). By analyzing a two-period dynamic game that involves these stakeholders, we find that, without government intervention, the on-demand ride service platform can drive the traditional taxi industry out of the market under certain conditions. Relative to no regulations and a complete ban policy, a carefully designed regulatory policy can strike a better balance of multiple competing objectives. Finally, if a government can reform the taxi industry by adjusting the taxi fare, then lowering the taxi fare instead of imposing a strict policy toward on-demand ride services can improve the total social welfare. This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
Acceptability and effectiveness of a 3D virtual reality cardiovascular lesson
Authors: Kelly Dervla , O'Neill Mary , Salaja Bisola , O'Mahony Kieran , Dixon Mark 
Published: October 2019

Introduction: The aim is to describe a preliminary pilot incorporating 3D virtual reality (VR) into a cardiovascular problem-based learning (PBL) lesson. Methods: A paramedic cohort of students (n=19) took part in a 12-lesson anatomy and physiology module. Multiple choice question results from the cardiovascular PBL lesson were compared with the multiple choice question results from other organ system PBL lessons. In addition, a questionnaire was answered by 15 students assessing acceptability of the lesson. Results: The authors found that when students used VR materials, they achieved significantly better results compared with the non-VR lessons. Over 80% of students thought that VR-based PBL exercises brought the cardiovascular anatomy to life and was a useful learning tool. Conclusion: The use of VR in a PBL learning environment has a significant positive effect on the performance of the students and is valued by students as useful. It may therefore be beneficial to integrate VR-based learning into emergency medicine training.
Las fotografías de Aragão Humberto en el libro A poética da imagem
Authors: De AragÃo Solange 
Published: October 2019

Aragão Filho, H. L. de. (2017). A poética na imagem. São Paulo: Intermeios.Esta reseña trata del libro La poética de la imagen, organizado por Humberto Lima de Aragão Filho, que recoge algunas de las fotografías más importantes y premiadas en los años 1950 y 1960 realizadas por el fotógrafo brasileño Humberto Aragão. El libro contiene cerca de 40 imágenes que demuestran que el artista trabajaba siguiendo las tendencias del arte fotográfico de ese momento, explorando la transparencia, la distorsión, el contraluz y el tema regionalista: el hombre del noreste de Brasil.
Uji Prestasi Air Heater pada Pelat Bergelombang Melintang dengan Variasi Kecepatan Udara Masuk
Authors: Yunianto Bambang , Surya Sumar Hadi , Oktavian Dicky 
Published: October 2019

Energi surya merupakan salah satu energi terbarukan non-konvensional yang tersedia secara bebas sebagai sumber energi yang bebas polusi. Cara yang paling sederhana dan paling efisien untuk memanfaatkan energi surya adalah mengubahnya menjadi energi termal untuk aplikasi pemanasan dengan menggunakan kolektor surya. Penelitian ini membahas tentang perbedaan efisiensi antara kolektor pelat datar dan pelat dengan plat gelombang melintang. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan panas yang berguna, panas yang masuk, panas yang hilang, dan efisiensi kolektor. Energi input pada kolektor adalah panas yang berasal dari lampu halogen (sebagai simulator matahari) yang diarahkan ke kolektor. Pengujian dari penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data-data temperatur dari 3 buah sensor yang berada pada ruangan, pelat penyerap panas dan tempat keluar kolektor. Kemudian mengetahui efisiensi kolektor pemanas udara dari 7 variasi kecepatan udara yaitu 2,1 m/s, 2,3 m/s, 2,4 m/s, 3 m/s, 3,5 m/s, 4 m/s, 4,5 m/s. Dan yang terakhir adalah membandingkan nilai efisiensi kolektor pelat datar dan pelat gelombang melintang. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi kolektor pelat gelombang melintang lebih tinggi dibanding pelat datar dan semakin meningkat laju kecepatan udara maka efisiensi juga akan meningkat.
Computational methods for small molecule identification
Authors: Dührkop Kai 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Identification of small molecules remains a central question in analytical chemistry, in particular for natural product research, metabolomics, environmental research, and biomarker discovery. Mass spectrometry is the predominant technique for high-throughput analysis of small molecules. But it reveals only information about the mass of molecules and, by using tandem mass spectrometry, about the mass of molecular fragments. Automated interpretation of mass spectra is often limited to searching in spectral libraries, such that we can only dereplicate molecules for which we have already recorded reference mass spectra. In my thesis “Computational methods for small molecule identification” we developed SIRIUS, a tool for the structural elucidation of small molecules with tandem mass spectrometry. The method first computes a hypothetical fragmentation tree using combinatorial optimization. By using a Bayesian statistical model, we can learn parameters and hyperparameters of the underlying scoring directly from data. We demonstrate that the statistical model, which was fitted on a small dataset, generalizes well across many different datasets and mass spectrometry instruments. In a second step the fragmentation tree is used to predict a molecular fingerprint using kernel support vector machines. The predicted fingerprint can be searched in a structure database to identify the molecular structure. We demonstrate that our machine learning model outperforms all other methods for this task, including its predecessor FingerID. SIRIUS is available as commandline tool and as user interface. The molecular fingerprint prediction is implemented as web service and receives over one million requests per month.
Evaluation of anxiolytic and hypoglycemic potential of Cissus adnata Roxb. in animal model
Authors: Hasan Mohammed Shamim , Uddin Md. Giash , Shoibe Mohammed , Mahmud Abdullah Al , Banik Sujan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
This study was designed to evaluate the anxiolytic and hypoglycemic potential of methanolic extract of Cissus adnata Roxb. is a crucial medicinal plant used in many disorders belongs to Vitaceae family.

Methods
Elevated plus maze (EPM) test and hole board test was applied for the anxiolytic activity with the Swiss albino mice. The hypoglycemic activity was measured by the glucose tolerance test in mice model. The capacity to produce the desired effect of the plant extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) was compared with the anxiolytic drug of standard diazepam (1 mg/kg i.p.) and anti-diabetic drug glibenclamide (10 mg/kg i.p.), respectively.

Results
The phytochemical screening of Cissus adnata extract exposed the presence of carbohydrate, phenol, flavonoid, saponins, cardiac glycoside, tannin, and gum. The anxiolytic effect was detected in both experiments which significantly raised the number of head dips and the time spent in the open arm of the EPM (p<0.05) as the dose enlarged. Hypoglycemic study of the extracts shows better effect by reducing blood glucose level.

Conclusions
The better anxiolytic and hypoglycemic activities in the present study are due to the existence of various phytochemical constituents like saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, and tannins in this methanolic extract.
Conventions and Constitutive Norms
Authors: García-Carpintero Manuel 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe paper addresses a popular argument that accounts of assertion in terms of constitutive norms are incompatible with conventionalism about assertion. The argument appeals to an alleged modal asymmetry: constitutive rules are essential to the acts they characterize, and therefore the obligations they impose necessarily apply to every instance; conventions are arbitrary, and thus can only contingently regulate the practices they establish. The paper argues that this line of reasoning fails to establish any modal asymmetry, by invoking the distinction between the non-discriminating existence across possible worlds of types (“blueprints”, as Rawls called them) of practices and institutions defined by constitutive rules, and the discriminating existence of those among them that are actuallyin force, and hence truly normative. The necessity of practices defined by constitutive rules that the argument relies on concerns the former, while conventionalist claims are only about the latter. The paper should thus contribute to get a better understanding of what social constructs conceived as defined by constitutive norms are. It concludes by suggesting considerations that are relevant to deciding whether assertion is in fact conventional.
Marker-Trait Associations for Enhancing Agronomic Performance, Disease Resistance, and Grain Quality in Synthetic and Bread Wheat Accessions in Western Siberia
Authors: Bhatta Madhav , Shamanin Vladimir , Shepelev Sergey , Baenziger P Stephen , Pozherukova Violetta , Pototskaya Inna , Morgounov Alexey 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Exploiting genetically diverse lines to identify genes for improving crop performance is needed to ensure global food security. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted using 46,268 SNP markers on a diverse panel of 143 hexaploid bread and synthetic wheat to identify potential genes/genomic regions controlling agronomic performance (yield and 26 yield-related traits), disease resistance, and grain quality traits. From phenotypic evaluation, we found large genetic variation among the 35 traits and recommended five lines having a high yield, better quality, and multiple disease resistance for direct use in a breeding program. From a GWAS, we identified a total of 243 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) for 35 traits that explained up to 25% of the phenotypic variance. Of these, 120 MTAs have not been reported in the literature and are potentially novel MTAs. In silico gene annotation analysis identified 116 MTAs within genes and of which, 21 MTAs were annotated as a missense variant. Furthermore, we were able to identify 23 co-located multi-trait MTAs that were also phenotypically correlated to each other, showing the possibility of simultaneous improvement of these traits. Additionally, most of the co-located MTAs were within genes. We have provided genomic fingerprinting for significant markers with favorable and unfavorable alleles in the diverse set of lines for developing elite breeding lines from useful trait-integration. The results from this study provided a further understanding of genetically complex traits and would facilitate the use of diverse wheat accessions for improving multiple traits in an elite wheat breeding program.
The Role of Anti-Müllerian Hormone in Testis Differentiation Reveals the Significance of the TGF-β Pathway in Reptilian Sex Determination
Authors: Zhou Yingjie , Sun Wei , Cai Han , Bao Haisheng , Zhang Yu , Qian Guoying , Ge Chutian 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Anti-Müllerian hormone (Amh, or Müllerian-inhibiting substance, Mis), a member of TGF-β superfamily, has been well documented in some vertebrates as initiator or key regulator in sexual development, and particularly in fish. However, its functional role has not yet been identified in reptiles. Here, we characterized the Amh gene in the Chinese soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis, a typical reptilian species exhibiting ZZ/ZW sex chromosomes. The messenger RNA of Amh was initially expressed in male embryonic gonads by stage 15, preceding gonadal sex differentiation, and exhibited a male-specific expression pattern throughout embryogenesis. Moreover, Amh was rapidly upregulated during female-to-male sex reversal induced by aromatase inhibitor letrozole. Most importantly, Amh loss of function by RNA interference led to complete feminization of genetic male (ZZ) gonads, suppression of the testicular marker Sox9, and upregulation of the ovarian regulator Cyp19a1. Conversely, overexpression of Amh in ZW embryos resulted in female-to-male sex reversal, characterized by the formation of a testis structure, ectopic activation of Sox9, and a remarkable decline in Cyp19a1. Collectively, these findings provide the first solid evidence that Amh is both necessary and sufficient to drive testicular development in a reptilian species, P. sinensis, highlighting the significance of the TGF-β pathway in reptilian sex determination.
An Empirical Study for the Estimation of Autoregressive Hilbertian Processes by Wavelet Packet Method
Authors: Laukaitis A. 
Published: October 2019

In this paper wavelet packet bases are used for an estimation of the autoregressive Hilbertian processes operator. We assume that integral operator kernel can have some singular structures and estimate them by projecting functional processes on suitable bases. Linear methods for continuous-time prediction using Hilbert-valued autoregressive processes are compared with the suggested method on simulated data and on real-life data sets. Statistics of residual partial sums processes and Ex poste prediction are used to check the model.
Modelling of a One-Sex Age-Structured Population Dynamics with Child Care
Authors: Repšys Š. , Skakauskas V. 
Published: October 2019

The Sharpe-Lotka-Mckendrick-von Foerster one-sex population model and Fredrickson-Hoppensteadt-Staroverov two-sex population one are well known in mathematical biology. But they do not describe dynamics of populations with child care. In recent years some models were proposed to describe dynamics of the wild population with child care. Some of them are based on the notion of the density of offsprings under maternal (or parental) care. However, such models do not ensure the fact that offsprings under maternal (or parental) care move together with their mothers (or both parents). In recent years to solve this problem, some models of a sex-age-structured population, based on the discrete set of newborns, were proposed and examined analytically. Numerical schemes for solving of a one-sex age-structured population model with and without spatial dispersal taking into account a discrete set of offsprings and child care are proposed and results are discussed in this paper. The model consists of partial integrodifferential equations subject to conditions of the integral type. Numerical experiments exhibit the stability of the separable solutions to these models.
Econometrical Modelling of Profit Tax Revenue
Authors: Rudzkis R. , Mačiulaitytė E. 
Published: October 2019

The aim of this article is to present a forecast of budget revenue from the profit tax using econometric models. The set of applied models has to be reduced to very simple models due to short time series used. Therefore, the profit tax regression analysis is made in two stages. In the first stage, econometric modelling of profit tax revenue with the main profit indicators (called the profit tax base) is performed on the basis of information on profit tax regulation and its changes. In the second stage, algorithms of forecasting the profit tax base are formed when the main macroeconomic indicators of Lithuanian economy are used as regressors. Crossvalidation was applied to estimate the accuracy of these algorithms.
Numerical Simulation of Electrochemical Processes at a Tubular Electrode. Application to Spectroscopy
Authors: Klymenko O. V. V. , Kulys J. 
Published: October 2019

A model of spectroelectrochemical cell design based on a tubular working electrode with optical fibers connected to a spectrometer entering it from two ends is built. Both current and absorbance responses of the cell are numerically simulated and the operation regimes are determined in terms of ranges of governing parameters for chronoamperometry and linear sweep voltammetry.