bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rheumatic manifestations of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ciaffi Jacopo , Meliconi Riccardo , Ruscitti Piero , Berardicurti Onorina , Giacomelli Roberto , Ursini Francesco 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Different proportions of musculoskeletal or autoimmune manifestations associated with COVID-19 have been reported in literature. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis with the aim of assessing the prevalence of rheumatic manifestations in patients affected by COVID-19, as initial symptom or during disease course.

Methods
A database search was run on May 18th, 2020, using two distinct strategies. We were interested in the percentage of symptoms of potential rheumatologic interest observed in large population studies of COVID-19 cases, and in identifying uncommon autoimmune disorders described in patients with COVID-19. For manifestations individually reported, a meta-analysis was performed taking into consideration the proportion of COVID-19 patients presenting the symptom.

Results
Eighty eight original articles were included in the systematic review and 51 in the meta-analysis. We found pooled estimates of 19% for muscle pain and 32% for fatigue as initial symptom of COVID-19 presentation and, respectively, of 16 and 36% during the disease course. Only one article discussed arthralgia as unique symptom. Additionally, we found that vasculitis, chilblains, presence of autoantibodies commonly found in patients with rheumatic diseases, or autoimmune haematological and neurological disorders have all been reported in patients with COVID-19.

Conclusions
In conclusion, our review and meta-analysis emphasises that symptoms potentially leading to rheumatologic referral are common in patients with COVID-19. Therefore, COVID-19 is a new differential diagnosis to bear in mind when evaluating patients with musculoskeletal symptoms and rheumatologists might play a crucial role in identifying COVID-19 cases in early phases of the illness.
Modeling interconnected ICT and power systems for resilience analysis
Authors: Patil Amit Dilip , Haack Jonas , Braun Martin , Meer Hermann de 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Increasing interdependencies between power and ICT systems amplify the possibility of cascading failures. Resilience against such failures is an essential property of modern and sustainable power systems and networks. To assess the resilience and predict the behaviour of a system consisting of interdependent subsystems, the interconnection requires adequate modeling. This work presents an approach to model and determine the state of these so-called interconnectors in future cyber-physical energy systems with strongly coupled ICT and power systems for a resilience analysis. The approach can be used to capture the impact of various parameters on system performance upon suitable modification. An hierarchical modeling approach is developed with atomic models that demonstrate the interdependencies between a power and ICT system. The modeling approach using stochastic activity nets is applied to an exemplary redispatch process in a cyber-physical energy system. The performance of an interconnector when facing limited performance from the ICT subsystem and its subsequent impact on the power system is analysed using the models. The state of the interconnector, as well as the service level are mapped to a resilience state-space diagram. The representation of system state on the resilience state-space diagram allows interpretation of system performance and quantification of resilience metrics.
Development and Impact of an Institutional Enhanced Recovery Program on Opioid Use, Length of Stay, and Hospital Costs Within an Academic Medical Center: A Cohort Analysis of 7774 Patients
Authors: Thiele Robert H. , Sarosiek Bethany M. , Modesitt Susan C. , McMurry Timothy L. , Tiouririne Mohamed , Martin Linda W. , Blank Randal S. , Shilling Ashley , Browne James A. , Bogdonoff David L. , Bauer Todd W. , Hedrick Traci L. 
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND:
Enhanced Recovery (ER) is a change management framework in which a multidisciplinary team of stakeholders utilizes evidence-based medicine to protocolize all aspects of a surgical care to allow more rapid return of function. While service-specific reports of ER adoption are common, institutional-wide adoption is complex, and reports of institution-wide ER adoption are lacking in the United States. We hypothesized that ER principles were generalizable across an institution and could be implemented across a multitude of surgical disciplines with improvements in length of stay, opioid consumption, and cost of care.

METHODS:
Following the establishment of a formal institutional ER program, ER was adopted in 9 distinct surgical subspecialties over 5 years at an academic medical center. We compared length of stay, opioid consumption, and total cost of care in all surgical subspecialties as a function of time using a segmented regression/interrupted time series statistical model.

RESULTS:
There were 7774 patients among 9 distinct surgical populations including 2155 patients in the pre-ER cohort and 5619 patients in the post-ER cohort. The introduction of an ER protocol was associated with several significant changes: a reduction in length of stay in 5 of 9 specialties; reduction in opioid consumption in 8 specialties; no change or reduction in maximum patient-reported pain scores; and reduction or no change in hospital costs in all specialties. The ER program was associated with an aggregate increase in profit over the study period.

CONCLUSIONS:
Institution-wide efforts to adopt ER can generate significant improvements in patient care, opioid consumption, hospital capacity, and profitability within a large academic medical center.
A Case Study of Stereoisomerism with [6]Cyclo[4]helicenylenes
Authors: Matsuno Taisuke , Yang Yong , Nanjo Yuki , Isobe Hiroyuki , Sato Sota 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A noncylindrical cycloarylene was designed with [4]helicene as an arylene panel and was assembled by R/S-biaryl linkages. By determining the molecular structures of four stereoisomers (3 diastereomers and 1 enantiomer pair), we found that the structural mathematics of congeners can be best described by R/S-configurations of biaryls and not by panel orientations. Comparisons with structurally relevant cycloarylenes deepened our understanding of cyclostereoisomerism and structural chemistry.
Cuidado del agua en clave del pensamiento ambiental complejo-sur
Authors: Sánchez Gómez Natalia 
Published: October 2020

El agua no solo constituye un pilar fundamental en las dinámicas productivas y sociales de un territorio, representa un bien común que posibilita la vida. El uso compartido de este elemento genera una serie de impactos, interdependencias e incertidumbres en los procesos de gestión y toma de decisiones. Reconociendo que la participación de diversos actores y la integración de los conocimientos locales son claves en la construcción de un entendimiento de los sistemas socio-ecológicos y de sus posibles respuestas a los cambios, la presente ponencia, acoge la idea de que la gestión del agua debe repensarse en clave de un Pensamiento Ambiental que apueste a otras formas de conocer la realidad y por lo tanto de transformarla, planteando la urgencia de una pedagogía fundada en un pensamiento que desde las culturas de la América – Abya- Yala, propicien el cuidado como camino hacia un habitar poético-sur. Las reflexiones que se comparten en este trabajo, surgen a partir de la etapa inicial de la tesis doctoral “Praxis pedagógica en clave de pensamiento ambiental complejo sur” la cual se desarrolla en el marco del proyecto de investigación denominado “Resiliencia y Gestión de Sistemas Socio-Ecológicos Estratégicos para la Actividad Agrícola, en Escenarios de Variabilidad Climática. Caso de Estudio: Lago Sochagota (Boyacá, Colombia)”, en donde a partir del diálogo interdisciplinarios e intercultural, se ha logrado identificar obstáculos epistemológicos que dificultan una gestión orientada al cuidado del agua.
Aurora Jakuba Böhme w świetle czterech zasad reformacji
Authors: Ferdek Bogdan 
Published: October 2020

Böhm’s mysticism aroused the opposition of orthodox Lutheranism. Evangelical parish priest of the Peter and Paul church in Görlitz Gregorius Richter suspect a heresy in Aurora and threate- ned Böhm with banishment. Numerous Aurora texts indicate that Böhme took into account the four principles of the Reformation. Böhm’s Aurora contains the reformational principle the grace itself and the anthropology implied by it, about the non-free will of human being. While in Luther thoughts were dominated by the functional Christology, in the Böhme’s – essential Christology. The essence of this Christology is to call Christ Aurora. From the essential Christology, Böhme, however, derived a functional conclusion, which is the postulate of the following Christ. In contrast to Luther, who focused on the des qua, Böhme focuses primarily on des quae. Although Auroracontains numerous references to the Bible, the very title of Böhme’s most famous work is the result of an experience with a tin vessel. Luther would blame Böhme of illumination, that is, the possibili- ty of an internal, omitting the biblical Word, communicating the Spirit of God with human. Böhme was a theosophist, means either theologian and philosopher, in one person. As a theologian, he drew the knowledge from God’s revelation, and as a philosopher he perceived the traces of God in the world. He had a premonition that reason and faith can not contradict themselves, because ultimately they have a common source in God.
Motyw walki Jakuba z aniołem w piosence Jacka Kaczmarskiego wobec tradycji żydowskiej i chrześcijańskiej
Authors: Krzysztofik Małgorzata 
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this publication is the interpretation of the song of Jacek Kaczmarski titledJacob wrestling with the angel which shows the speci city of the poet’s view of the biblical theme. In the rst part of the article, I discuss the gure of the Patriarch Jacob in the Bible and culture. Then I present the patriarch’s wrestling with an unknown opponent as it is shown in Jewish and Christian commentaries. In the interpretation of Kaczmarski’s song, I draw attention to the di eren- ces and similarities with the Scriptures and with Jewish and Christian interpretations. Kaczmarski creatively reinterprets the biblical theme. The song does not follow Jewish interpretations which see the unknown opponent as a guardian angel of Esau, archangel Michael or Satan. Nor does it follow Christian interpretations (psychological, allegorical, spiritual, mystical). The poem is close to these comments (Jewish and Christian), which in the wrestling opponent see God in the form of an angel and a shepherd. Kaczmarski’s interpretation is unique, for in his poem the main purpose of the struggle is freedom – an overriding value in human life. The winner turns out to be a crippled Jacob. The weak man wins with God because he dared to ght for freedom.
Hypertensive nephropathy as an outcome of unilateral nephrectomy in kidney cancer
Authors: Titjaev Igor I. , Andreev Sergey S. , Andreeva Svetlana V. , Udalov Konstantin V. , Kas’janov Denis S 
Published: October 2020

Aim. To study the adaptive mechanisms of structural and functional changes in a single kidney after nephrectomy for kidney cancer.
Materials and Methods. A total of 179 operations of two types were performed: nephrectomy and kidney resection in patients with cancerous lesions. Postoperative ultrasound was performed size control and dopplerography of the vessels of the contralateral single kidney, monitoring-control of blood pressure.
Results. In case of kidney resection, the adaptive mechanisms controlling the volume of functioning tissue are preserved. The load on the organ remains minimal and physiological, and is not redistributed, blood pressure remains close to baseline. Nephrectomy does not lead to functional changes in a single kidney, but to adaptive and pathophysiological structural damage as a result of increased plasma pressure, organ reboot, its vicarious hypertrophy, which is accompanied by venous edema of interstitium as a pressure factor on the tissue, increased tone of arterioles, the development of secondary organ ischemia, circulatory hypoxia and increased blood pressure. All this fits into the clinical picture of hypertensive nephropathy.
Conclusions. The potential risk of hypertension and hypertensive nephropathy in patients undergoing nephrectomy, compared with patients after organ-saving surgery, is significantly higher. One of the most important manifestations of hypertension in the elderly is a violation of the structure and function of target organs, which include: the brain, heart, blood vessels, kidney. Nephrectomy forms a pathological vicious circle, contributing to the development and further progression of renal and cardiovascular failure.
XVIII. YÜZYILDA BATUM SANCAĞI’NDA EŞKIYALIK MESELESİ VE ASAYİŞ
Authors: ORHANKAZİ Sibel 
Published: October 2020

XVI. yüzyılda yapılan Kafkasya ve Gürcistan seferleri sonucunda Osmanlı Devleti hâkimiyeti altına girmiş olan Batum, XVIII. yüzyılda Rusya ve İran arasındaki mücadele sahalarından biri olmuştur. Rusya’nın, Karadeniz kıyılarında Osmanlı Devleti’ne ait Faş, Anapa ve Kemhal gibi önemli kaleleri ele geçirmesinden sonra Batum ön plana çıkmıştır. Osmanlı Devleti için Rusya ile mücadelede bir set işlevi gören Batum Sancağı liman, kale ve her daim yenilenen ulaşım ağıyla askeri ve siyasi bakımdan dönemin önemli sınır şehirlerinden biri olmuştur.
Osmanlı Devleti, XVIII. yüzyılda Karadeniz limanlarından Kafkasya’ya taşınan her türlü zahire ve mühimmatı sahip olduğu Batum sancağı yolu ile aktarmaktaydı. Ancak bölgenin İstanbul’a uzaklığı bu anlamda bir takım sıkıntıları da beraberinde getirmekteydi. Nitekim fethedildiği ilk dönemlerden itibaren tam hâkimiyet sağlanamamış olan Batum’da bir otorite boşluğu ve devlet görevlilerinin ihmalleri söz konusuydu. Karadeniz iskelelerinden Kafkasya’ya zahire taşıyan gemilerin güzergâhı olan bölgede eşkıya unsurunun varlığı bu nakliyeye büyük engel teşkil etmekteydi. Osmanlı Devleti, bu engeli ortadan kaldırmak amacıyla XVIII. yüzyıl boyunca lojistik ikmal merkezi ve askeri tahkimat bölgesi olan Batum dâhilinde nüfuzlu ailelere kimi zaman idari anlamda bir takım ayrıcalıklar vermek zorunda kalmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra bölgede eşkıya ile mücadelede Karadeniz kıyısında donanma bulundurmuş, iç kesimlerde ise yolların güvenliğini sağlayıcı önlemler almıştır. Devlet, organize bir şekilde yapılan eşkıyalık faaliyetlerine karşı nizamı oluşturmaya çalışırken bölge halkından da destek almıştır. Huzursuzluğa sebep olan küçük gruplara ise mali cezalarla engel olunmuştur.
Speech Acts in EFL Classrooms
Authors: Christianto Danin 
Published: October 2020

Speech act is a functional unit in the form of an act which helps humans understand or accomplish things with words in communication. This research was aimed to find out and analyse the types of speech acts which were performed by teachers and students in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. The researcher employed the speech act theory from Cruse (2000) to analyse and interpret the research results. Qualitative research was applied in this research due to the data source was from the teaching and learning activities in naturalistic environments in English classrooms. The subjects of this research were teachers and students in REAL Equivalent English classrooms. The results showed that there were three types of speech acts found in the interactions between the teachers and students, namely locutionary act, illocutionary act, and perlocutionary act. Locutionary act was performed when teachers and students uttered expressions with no certain intentions. Illocutionary act, on the other hand, was performed when the expressions contained certain intentions to listeners. Perlocutionary act was performed when the listeners showed responses and acted as feedback to the speakers’ utterances. By conducting this research, the researcher hopes that it can give more insights to readers regarding to the study of speech act theory in pragmatics field. Keywords: English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Classrooms, Speech Acts, REAL Equivalent English, Teachers and Students.
Effect of Trap Color and Residual Attraction of a Pheromone Lure for Monitoring Stink Bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Cottrell Ted E. , Balusu Rammohan R. , Vinson Edgar , Wilkins Bryan , Fadamiro Henry Y. , Tillman P. Glynn 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) are commonly monitored using pyramid traps baited with a pheromone. Initially, the pyramid traps were painted yellow and predominantly used to monitor native stink bug species. However, research studies involving the exotic Halyomorpha halys Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) now use pyramid traps that are black, not yellow. As H. halys moves across the southeastern United States, the use of a single trap, yellow or black, for monitoring and conducting research studies would be beneficial. Our objective was to compare black and yellow pyramid traps baited with a lure to determine if one was superior for trapping herbivorous stink bugs. This study was conducted at four locations, three in Alabama and one in Georgia, over 2 yr. Additionally, residual efficacy of the lure was measured via trap capture over 1-mo intervals. Our results showed that only when native stink bug species were combined, and only in 1 yr, were captures significantly affected by trap color. Capture of the exotic H. halys and the most abundant native species, Euschistus servus (Say), was not significantly affected by trap color. Trap capture was significantly affected by how long a lure was in a trap. The data from this study suggests that when traps are used in conjunction with a pheromone to monitor multiple species of adult stink bugs, especially native species, the yellow pyramid trap is favored.
Rate of Release of Rhynchophorol Pheromone in Relation to Attraction of Rhynchophorus palmarum (L.) (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) in Oil Palm Plantations in Colombia
Authors: Aldana-De La Torre Rosa Cecilia , Montes-Bazurto Luis Guillermo , Bustillo-Pardey Alex Enrique 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRhynchophorus palmarum (L.) (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) is an important pest in oil palm plantations, and its populations are monitored through rhynchophorol pheromone-baited traps. To optimize the release of rhynchophorol in high-density polyethylene diffusers, five calibers (2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) were evaluated. The experiment was conducted under a completely randomized design with 15 repetitions, recording daily weight loss of pheromones. Release rate of pheromone under laboratory conditions (30.2 ± 0.1°C; 70.8 ± 0.8% relative humidity [RH]) varied between 2.2 and 10.4 mg/day. Three diffusers with 2.4 ± 0.4, 3.6 ± 0.9, and 8.5 ± 1.3 mg/day of release rates, were selected for testing in three palm-growing zones. Adults of R. palmarum captured in traps with different diffusers were counted as well as pheromone weight loss. In two of three plantations, statistical differences were found in the capture of R. palmarum adults among the diffusers that presented different pheromone release rates (Eastern: F = 8.27; df = 2, 9; P = 0.0028; Central: F = 10.79; df = 2, 9; P = 0.0008; Southwestern F= 2.20; df = 2, 9; P= 0.1402). The diffuser with the release rate of 2.4 mg/day was selected because, after remaining 4 mo in the field, the traps with this diffuser registered catches statistically equal to those that had traps with newly installed diffusers. We concluded that the release rate of the pheromone of 2.4 mg/day is optimal for the capture of adults of R. palmarum during a period of 4 mo.
Children’s physical activity level and sedentary behaviour in Norwegian early childhood education and care: effects of a staff-led cluster-randomised controlled trial
Authors: Andersen Eivind , Øvreås Steinar , Jørgensen Kari Anne , Borch-Jenssen Janne , Moser Thomas 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: A growing body of evidence suggest that the children’s physical activity (PA) level in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings are insufficient. Since most children attend ECEC settings for many hours on most days of the week, and these institutions reach children across the socioeconomic spectrum, the ECEC settings may serve as an ideal avenue for increasing physical activity level, reduce sedentary time and enhance the overall health of young children. This paper investigates the effectiveness of the “Active Kindergarten – Active Children” study to increase children’s PA level and reduce sedentary time within the ECEC setting. Methods: Accelerometers were used to asses PA and sedentary time. A total of 116 three to four-year olds took part in a randomised controlled trial in 11 ECEC settings. Participants were cluster-randomised, by ECEC setting, to either a 12 week staff-led and expert-supported intervention or a waiting list control group. Results: The intervention group increased time spent in moderate- and vigorous intensity PA by 10 min/day (95% CI = 3, 18; P=0.01), took 1909 more steps per day (95% CI = 1130, 2688; P˂0.01) and reduced sedentary time with 14min/day (95% CI = -27, -1; P=0.04) compared to the control group. The intervention group had a 2.4 higher odds (95% CI = 1.05, 5.7; P = 0.04) of meeting the PA recommendations compared to the control group at follow-up. Conclusions: Our results show that a flexible staff-led and expert-supported multicomponent PA intervention can increase total PA level, moderate- and vigorous intensity PA and reduce time spent sedentary in three to four-year old children during their stay in ECEC settings.Trial registration: The trial was retrospectively registered on September 19, 2020 and available online at ClinicalTrials.gov: No. NCT04555746
Long-term outcomes of fluoroscopy-guided tracheal stents removal under fluoroscopy guidance: comparison of tracheal fistulas and tracheal stenosis
Authors: Bi Yonghua , Li Jindong , Bai Liangliang , Han Xinwei , Ren Jianzhuang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Endoscopic removal is the most common method for removal of tracheal stents. Few studies have reported the technique of fluoroscopy-guided stent removal for tracheal fistula and tracheal stenosis. We aimed to study the safety and efficacy of fluoroscopy-guided stent removal as well as the optimal duration for stent usage.Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 152 patients who underwent fluoroscopy-guided stent removal from January 2011 to June 2017. Reasons for stent implantation were tracheal fistula in 85 patients (TF group), and tracheal stenosis in 67 patients (TS group). All patients underwent tracheal CT scans before stent removal and during follow up. The technical success rate, complications, and survival rate were compared between the two groups.Results: The technical success rate of stent removal was 98.9% and 97.4%, respectively for the TF and TS group. Removal was routine for half of patients, and in the remainder, excessive granulation tissue was the common indications for stent removal, which was found after stenting at 142.1±25.9 days in the TF group, and at 89.9±15.0 day in the TS group. The total incidence of complications was 21.1% and 22.4%, respectively, for the TF and TS groups. Perioperative death occurred in one patient in the TF group, and two patients in the TS group. Recurrence of fistula or stenosis requiring re-stenting was the most comment complication in both groups. The 0.5-, 3-, 6-year survival rates were 90.3%, 59.6%, and 36.1% for TF group, and 80.4%, 75.7%, 75.7% for TS group.Conclusions: Fluoroscopic removal of tracheal stents is safe and effective for both tracheal fistula and tracheal stenosis, with no significant difference in outcomes. Clinicians should pay attention to the risk of hemoptysis for patients with malignant tumors and a combination with endoscopic hemostasis may help improve its safety.