bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Project Approach to the Implementation of Individual Educational Paths in Modern University
Authors: Daneykin Yu. V. , Kalpinskaya O. E. , Fedotova N. G. 
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the project approach to the implementation of individual educational trajectories (IET) in modern Russian university. The relevance of the study stems from the lack of effective models of individualization of the educational process in higher education. The aim of this work is to analyze the project approach as a key subjective factor in the implementation of individual educational paths in the structure of a modern university. The interdisciplinary methodology lies as the basis of the study, which allows integrating the educational practices of higher education in a single context at the fundamental level and achieving a synergistic effect in their implementation. The majority of modern scientific works are devoted either to the problems of individualization of higher education, or to the implementation of project activities at a university, without a detailed analysis of the correlations of these concepts of modern educational discourse.As results, the article presents the key principles of the project approach to the implementation of IET (systemicity, teamwork, interaction with the external environment, digital transformation of the learning process, staffing of project work), as well as a list of issues requiring discussion by the scientific community exploring modern educational practices of higher education in Russia. The authors emphasize that the project approach to the implementation of IEP in higher education can be considered as a special technique based on the competency-based approach to individualization of education and focusing on the active position of the student to recognize educational deficits and make an individual choice of the educational route, to see and comprehend the directions of competency-based growth and self-development. The awareness of individualization of learning is determined by the project approach, while the individual educational path becomes more conscious and logical for the student, provoking his (her) educational needs and providing the need for the development of certain competencies. The results of the study were used by the authors to develop and implement an adaptive model for constructing individual educational trajectories at the Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University.
Trends in Incidence and Mortality of Waldenström Macroglobulinemia: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Yin Xuejiao , Chen Lei , Fan Fengjuan , Yan Han , Zhang Yuyang , Huang Zhenli , Sun Chunyan , Hu Yu 
Published: September 2020

Background: The incidence of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) has increased in certain groups over several decades in the United States. It is unclear whether the increasing incidence is associated with mortality trends.Methods: The incidence and incidence-based mortality (IBM) rates were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (1980–2016) with SEER*Stat software. The secular trends stratified by demographic characteristics were analyzed by joinpoint regression.Results: The incidence of WM showed an initial rapid increase from 1980 to 1993 {annual percentage change (APC), 14.1% [95% confidence interval (CI), 10 to 18.4%]}, whereas it began to stabilize from 1993 to 2016 [APC, 0.5% (95% CI, −0.3 to 1.3%)]. The WM IBM trend followed a similar pattern, with a decrease occurring around 1994. The trends in the incidence and mortality significantly differed according to geographic location, race, age, sex, primary site of involvement and subtype, which could help in further investigations into the specific etiology. Moreover, a dramatic increase in the 5-year survival rate from the 1980s to 2010s was observed (47.84 vs. 69.41%).Conclusions: Although both the incidence and IBM of WM continued to increase during the study period, a reduction in the rate of increase occurred around 1993. We believe that further advances in healthcare delivery and research can ensure a low mortality rate. Future studies can use the findings of this paper to monitor the results of WM therapy.
El antifascismo en el Partido Comunista chileno, 1922-1934
Authors: Urtubia Odekerken Ximena 
Published: September 2020

A los pocos meses de su fundación, para el Partido Comunista de Chile fue una preocupación la instauración del fascismo en su país. El antifascismo comunista fue un discurso que se fue construyendo tempranamente y que correlacionó factores nacionales e internacionales. En este artículo explicamos el desarrollo histórico de este proceso y su incidencia en la práctica política del partido desde su fundación hasta la inflexión de las políticas de "clase contra clase" en 1934. Planteamos que la construcción del antifascismo comunista estuvo dividida en dos fases. La primera estuvo marcada por las similitudes y correspondencias que ciertos actores y coyunturas tuvieron respecto al fascismo europeo, lo que generó un amplio abanico de recepciones en torno a la relación entre la violencia, el fascismo y el capitalismo, lo que finalmente les permitió identificar un modus operandi fascista en Chile. Así, la segunda fase se abocó a la construcción de un discurso identitario y estratégico en clave defensiva frente a la impronta fascista de los gobiernos y regímenes de turno de la primera parte de la década de 1930.
PEMANFAATAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN E-LEARNING MENGGUNAKAN WHASTSAPP SEBAGAI SOLUSI DITENGAH PENYEBARAN COVID-19 DI MI NURULHUDA JELU
Authors: Shodiq Imam Ja'far , Zainiyati Husniyatus Salamah 
Published: September 2020

Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, khususnya teknologi informasi, penggunaan internet dalam pendidikan terus berkembang. E-leraning merupakan bentuk pembelajaran yang memanfaatkan perangkat- elektronik baik yang menggunakan akses internet maupun tidak. Di era sekarang ini atau yang dikenal dengan era 4.0 setiap orang dituntut untuk melek digitalisasi lebih-lebih yang menggunakan akses internet. Dalam dunia pendidikan sendiri sudah mulai banyak dikenal beberapa aplikasi/system yang digunakan sebagai salah satu media pembelajaran yang memanfaatkan akses internet. Baru-baru ini di dunia khususnya di Indonesia dihebohkan dengan adanya penyebaran wabah virus corona. Dalam dunia pendidikan sendiri salah satu kebijkan yang sangat kita rasakan adalah adanya pemberlakuan belajar dirumah bagi siswa dari semua tingkatan di seluruh Indonesia, tentu sebagai pendidik harus berperan aktif dan inovatif didalam menyikapi kebijakan tersebut. Banyak sekali media pembelajaran online yang bisa dimanfaatkan oleh seorang pendidik untuk memantau dan mengkontrol pembelajaran siswa dirumah, salah satunya adalah pemanfaatan whatshapp (WA) sebagai media untuk pembelajaran jarak jauh siswa. Dalam tulisan ini akan kita coba untuk menguraiakan seberapa manfaat WA dalam mendukung pemebelajaran jarak jauh siswa, kendala-kendala yang dihadapi dan bagaimana keuntungan/keunggulannya.
Rancang Bangun Ultra Step Up DC to DC Converter Pada Mobil Listrik
Authors: Akbar Wildan Maulana , Purwanto Era , Ferdiansyah Indra 
Published: September 2020

Dunia saat ini sedang mengalami kemajuan teknologi yang sangat pesat meliputi segala bidang yang menyangkut segala sisi kehidupan manusia. Salah satu bidang yang disoroti oleh para peneliti di dunia saat ini adalah pengembangan mobil listrik sebagai suatu upaya untuk meminimalisir penggunaan bahan bakar fosil yang semakin sedikit jumlahnya di alam. Mobil listrik digerakkan oleh motor listrik yang mendapatkan energi listrik dari baterai atau aki. Apabila dalam mobil listrik ini menggunakan penggerak berjenis motor induksi tiga fasa, maka baterai harus menyediakan tegangan sebesar 311 Vdc untuk disalurkan ke inverter tiga fasa menjadi 220 Vac yang nantinya digunakan untuk suplai dari motor induksi tiga fasa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk merancang sistem penaik tegangan menggunakan Ultra Step Up Dc to Dc Converter yang mampu menguatkan tegangan yang ada dalam baterai menjadi 311 Vdc yang mampu dibebani hingga 2kW sehingga dapat meminimalisir penambahan baterai untuk menambah tegangan. Konverter ini juga dilengkapi oleh kontrol logika fuzzy sebagai pengatur tegangan pada sisi keluaran agar berada pada kondisi konstan 311 Vdc.
Shape-controlled synthesis of Cu2O nanoparticles with single-digit nanoscale void space via ionic liquid/metal sputtering and their photoelectrochemical properties
Authors: Suzuki Shushi , Morimoto Atsumi , Kuwabata Susumu , Torimoto Tsukasa 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHollow copper(I) oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles (NPs) with a diameter of 7.0 ± 1.3 nm were synthesized by sputter deposition of Cu in a room-temperature ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMI-BF4), followed by the oxidation of Cu NPs in EMI-BF4 by prompt heating at 373 K in air. The void space was 2.3 ± 0.7 nm in size, and the shell thickness was estimated to be 2.4 nm. The structure was presumably produced by the Kirkendall effect at the nanoscale. Core–shell-structured Cu@Cu2O NPs and solid Cu2O NPs were also synthesized by changing the oxidation conditions. From the action spectra of their cathodic photocurrents, the optical bandgap of the Cu2O phase in these NPs was estimated to be 2.51–2.56 eV, which is larger than that of bulk Cu2O (2.1 eV). The photoelectrochemical activities of the hollow or spherical Cu2O NPs were higher than those of the core–shell Cu@Cu2O NPs.
Review of plasma-based water treatment technologies for the decomposition of persistent organic compounds
Authors: Takeuchi Nozomi , Yasuoka Koichi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The establishment of economical and eco-friendly technologies for water treatment is a crucial issue for the realization of a sustainable society. Plasma-based treatments are promising methods for the decomposition of persistent organic compounds. This progress report summarizes recent improvements to plasma-based water treatment technologies by focusing on two types of contaminated solutions: solutions containing high concentrations of acetic acid and solutions containing surfactants, such as perfluorooctane sulfonic acid. Decomposition processes were analyzed based on chemical and physical characteristics, such as chemical reactions, the transportation of reactive species, and characteristics of target compounds. When treating solutions containing acetic acid, the optimization of bulk reactions involving ozone, which regenerates OH radicals from hydrogen peroxide, is a key factor for achieving high decomposition rates and energy efficiency. In contrast, the treatment of surfactants involves interfacial reactions at the plasma–liquid interface, where the accumulation of surfactants is a major concern.
The Pair Test: A computerised measure of learning and memory
Authors: Buck Sarah , Bastos Filipa , Baldeweg Torsten , Vargha-Khadem Faraneh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThere is increasing interest in the assessment of learning and memory in typically developing children as well as in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. However, neuropsychological assessments have been hampered by the dearth of standardised tests that enable direct comparison between distinct memory processes or between types of stimulus materials. We developed a tablet-based paired-associate learning paradigm, the Pair Test, based on neurocognitive models of learning and memory. The aims are to (i) establish the utility of this novel memory tool for use with children across a wide age range, and (ii) examine test validity, reliability and reproducibility of the construct. The convergent validity of the test was found to be adequate, and higher test reliability was shown for the Pair Test compared to standardised measures. Moderate test–retest reproducibility was shown, despite a long time interval between sessions (14 months). Moreover, the Pair Test is able to capture developmental changes in memory, and can therefore chart the developmental trajectory of memory and learning functions across childhood and adolescence. Finally, we used this novel instrument to acquire normative data from 130 typically developing children, aged 8–18 years. Age-stratified normative data are provided for learning, delayed recall and delayed recognition, for measures of verbal and non-verbal memory. The Pair Test thus provides measures of learning and memory accounting for encoding, consolidation and retrieval processes. As such, the standardised test results can be used to determine the status of learning and memory in healthy children, and also to identify deficits in paediatric patients at risk of damage to the neural network underlying mnemonic functions.
MIRC-X: A Highly Sensitive Six-telescope Interferometric Imager at the CHARA Array
Authors: Anugu Narsireddy , Le Bouquin Jean-Baptiste , Monnier John D. , Kraus Stefan , Setterholm Benjamin R. , Labdon Aaron , Davies Claire L , Lanthermann Cyprien , Gardner Tyler , Ennis Jacob , Johnson Keith J. C. , Ten Brummelaar Theo , Schaefer Gail , Sturmann Judit 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Michigan InfraRed Combiner-eXeter (MIRC-X) is a new highly sensitive six-telescope interferometric imager installed at the CHARA Array that provides an angular resolution equivalent of up to a 330 m diameter baseline telescope in J- and H-band wavelengths (

mas). We upgraded the original Michigan InfraRed Combiner (MIRC) instrument to improve sensitivity and wavelength coverage in two phases. First, a revolutionary sub-electron noise and fast-frame-rate C-RED ONE camera based on an SAPHIRA detector was installed. Second, a new-generation beam combiner was designed and commissioned to (i) maximize sensitivity, (ii) extend the wavelength coverage to J band, and (iii) enable polarization observations. A low-latency and fast-frame-rate control software enables high-efficiency observations and fringe tracking for the forthcoming instruments of the CHARA Array. Since mid-2017, MIRC-X has been offered to the community and has demonstrated best-case H-band sensitivity down to 8.2 correlated magnitude. MIRC-X uses single-mode fibers to coherently combine the light from six telescopes simultaneously with an image-plane combination scheme and delivers a visibility precision better than 1%, and closure phase precision better than 1°. MIRC-X aims at (i) imaging protoplanetary disks, (ii) detecting exoplanets with precise astrometry, and (iii) imaging stellar surfaces and starspots at an unprecedented angular resolution in the near-infrared. In this paper, we present the instrument design, installation, operation, and on-sky results, and demonstrate the imaging capability of MIRC-X on the binary system ι Peg. The purpose of this paper is to provide a solid reference for studies based on MIRC-X data and to inspire future instruments in optical interferometry.
Extratidal Stars and Chemical Abundance Properties of Two Metal-poor Globular Clusters M53 (NGC 5024) and NGC 5053
Authors: Chun Sang-Hyun , Lee Jae-Joon , Lim Dongwook 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We search for extratidal stars around two metal-poor Galactic globular clusters, M53 and NGC 5053, using the near-infrared APOGEE spectra. Applying the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) algorithm on the chemical abundances and radial velocities results in identification of two isolated stellar groups composed of cluster member stars in the t-SNE projection plane. With additional selection criteria of radial velocity, location in the color–magnitude diagram, and abundances from a manual chemical analysis, we find a total of 73 cluster member candidates; seven extratidal stars are found beyond the tidal radii of the two clusters. The extratidal stars around the clusters tend to be located along the leading direction of the cluster proper motion, and the individual proper motion of these stars also seems to be compatible to those of clusters. Interestingly, we find that one extratidal star of NGC 5053 is located on the southern outskirts of M53, which is part of common stellar envelope by the tidal interaction between two clusters. We discuss the nature of this star in the context of the tidal interaction between two clusters. We find apparent Mg–Al anticorrelations with a clear gap and spread (∼0.9 dex) in Al abundances for both clusters, and a light Si abundance spread (∼0.3 dex) for NGC 5053. Since all extratidal stars have Mg-enhanced and Al-depleted features, they could be first-generation stars of two globular clusters. Our results support that M53 and NGC 5053 originated in dwarf galaxies and are surrounded by extended stellar substructures of more numerous populations of clusters.
Particle-in-cell Simulations of Secondary Magnetic Islands: Ion-scale Flux Ropes and Plasmoids
Authors: Lu San , Angelopoulos V. , Artemyev A. V. , Pritchett P. L. , Sun W. J. , Slavin J. A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Ion-scale flux ropes and plasmoids are secondary magnetic islands produced during magnetic reconnection in various heliospheric plasma environments. Here we study the structure of secondary islands and the particle dynamics within them using particle-in-cell simulations. Ion-scale flux ropes (secondary islands with a strong core field) are formed in a strong guide field regime, whereas ion-scale plasmoids (secondary islands with a weak core field) are formed in a weak guide field regime. Currents in both types of secondary islands are carried primarily by electrons. Both types of secondary islands have a magnetic tension force pointing radially inward toward their center. In the flux rope type, this inward tension force is balanced by an outward magnetic pressure gradient of the strong core field; in the plasmoid type, it is countered by an outward thermal pressure gradient caused by electron and ion energizations. The transition between these two types occurs when B

g
/B
0 = 0.1–0.2 (B

g
is the guide field, and B
0 is the asymptotic magnetic field).
Potential Impact of Fast Flavor Oscillations on Neutrino-driven Winds and Their Nucleosynthesis
Authors: Xiong Zewei , Sieverding Andre , Sen Manibrata , Qian Yong-Zhong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The wind driven by the intense neutrino emission from a protoneutron star (PNS) is an important site for producing nuclei heavier than the Fe group. Because of certain features in the neutrino angular distributions, the so-called fast flavor oscillations may occur very close to the PNS surface, effectively resetting the neutrino luminosities and energy spectra that drive the wind. Using the unoscillated neutrino emission characteristics from two core-collapse supernova simulations representative of relevant progenitors at the lower and higher mass end, we study the potential effects of fast flavor oscillations on neutrino-driven winds and their nucleosynthesis. We find that such oscillations can increase the total mass loss by factors up to ∼1.5–1.7 and lead to significantly more proton-rich conditions. The latter effect can greatly enhance the production of 64Zn and the so-called light p-nuclei 74Se, 78Kr, and 84Sr. Implications for abundances in metal-poor stars, Galactic chemical evolution in general, and isotopic anomalies in meteorites are discussed.
A Study of Variations of Galactic Cosmic-Ray Intensity Based on a Hybrid Data-processing Method
Authors: Shen Zhenning , Qin Gang , Zuo Pingbing , Wei Fengsi , Xu Xiaojun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The low-energy cosmic-ray (CR) fluxes measured by space-borne instruments are generally considered to consist of gradually changing galactic CRs (GCRs) and short-lived solar energetic particles (SEPs). The SEP events cause sharp and ephemeral increases in the time profile of CR observations, with a higher occurrence rate in solar maximum. It is necessary to eliminate such spikes and obtain the pure GCR component while studying the modulation of GCRs in both short and long timescales. A hybrid data-processing method based on spike detection and time series analysis techniques is developed to remove the spikes and decompose the GCR data observed by the Interplanetary Monitoring Platform 8 into the long-term variation trend and the 27 day variation components. With the hybrid data-processing method, the 11 yr and 27 day variations in the intensity of low-energy GCRs can be studied systematically. Using the fitted trend component, the time lag in the solar modulation of low-energy GCRs is studied, and the results show that the time lag is both epoch and energy dependent. The obtained 27 day variation component is anticorrelated with the changes in solar wind velocity even during solar maximum. Implementing the running Fourier series fit procedure, the 27 day variation amplitude of the proton flux is computed. It is found that the yearly averaged values clearly show 11 and 22 yr variation cycles. In addition, the energy spectrum of the 27 day variation amplitude is softer in the A < 0 solar minimum than that in the A > 0 solar minimum.
Connecting Optical Morphology, Environment, and H i Mass Fraction for Low-redshift Galaxies Using Deep Learning
Authors: Wu John F. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A galaxy’s morphological features encode details about its gas content, star formation history, and feedback processes, which play important roles in regulating its growth and evolution. We use deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to learn a galaxy’s optical morphological information in order to estimate its neutral atomic hydrogen (H i) content directly from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) gri image cutouts. We are able to accurately predict a galaxy’s logarithmic H i mass fraction,

, by training a CNN on galaxies in the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey (ALFALFA) 40% sample. Using pattern recognition, we remove galaxies with unreliable

estimates. We test CNN predictions on the ALFALFA 100%, extended Galaxy Evolution Explorer Arecibo SDSS Survey, and Nançay Interstellar Baryons Legacy Extragalactic Survey catalogs, and find that the CNN consistently outperforms previous estimators. The H i–morphology connection learned by the CNN appears to be constant in low- to intermediate-density galaxy environments, but it breaks down in the highest-density environments. We also use a visualization algorithm, Gradient-weighted Class Activation Maps, to determine which morphological features are associated with low or high gas content. These results demonstrate that CNNs are powerful tools for understanding the connections between optical morphology and other properties, as well as for probing other variables, in a quantitative and interpretable manner.
On the Fraction of X-Ray-weak Quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Authors: Pu Xingting , Luo B. , Brandt W. N. , Timlin John D. , Liu Hezhen , Ni Q. , Wu Jianfeng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We investigate systematically the X-ray emission from type 1 quasars using a sample of 1825 Sloan Digital Sky Survey non-broad absorption line (non-BAL) quasars with Chandra archival observations. A significant correlation is found between the X-ray-to-optical power-law slope parameter (α
OX) and the 2500 Å monochromatic luminosity (L
2500Å), and the X-ray weakness of a quasar is assessed via the deviation of its α
OX value from that expected from this relation. We demonstrate the existence of a population of non-BAL X-ray-weak quasars, and the fractions of quasars that are X-ray weak by factors of ≥6 and ≥10 are 5.8% ± 0.7% and 2.7% ± 0.5%, respectively. We classify X-ray-weak quasars (X-ray weak by factors of ≥6) into three categories based on their optical spectral features: weak emission-line quasars (WLQs; C iv rest-frame equivalent width < 16 Å), red quasars (Δ(g − i) > 0.2), and unclassified X-ray-weak quasars. The X-ray-weak fraction of

within the WLQ population is significantly higher than that within non-WLQs, confirming previous findings that WLQs represent one population of X-ray-weak quasars. The X-ray-weak fraction of

within the red quasar population is also considerably higher than that within the normal quasar population. The unclassified X-ray-weak quasars do not have unusual optical spectral features, and their X-ray weakness may be mainly related to quasar X-ray variability.