bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect Of Parenting Style On Adolescent’s Perception Towards Road Safety
Authors: Morshidi Mohammad , Muhammad Hussien Muhammad Zaly Shah 
Published: January 2020

The purview of this paper is to analyze the relationships between parenting styles and adolescent risk behaviors on the road due to the critical parental role in preventing crashes among teens. The objectives of this research are to list different parenting styles that may influence adolescent behavior, to assess the relationship between parenting styles and adolescent’s perception towards road safety, to determine which parenting style that promotes a desirable street protection habits among adolescent, and to propose a framework that integrated parenting style to road safety program. Descriptive and statistical analyses are used in this paper to interpret the data taken from 298 questionnaire-respondents which the parallel between the desired parenting style and the adolescent’s good perception of road safety is cast using the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. A quantitative approach is employed in processing the data taken from those selected respondents then the qualitative data is composed and operated to complete the quantitative data by giving more comprehensive knowledge over the argumentation and more description of the quantitative result. More so, the study supports the substantial influence of parenting style on adolescent development such as the adolescents who are raised in authoritative households consistently demonstrate higher protective and fewer risk behaviors than adolescents from non-authoritative families.
The Use of Web 2.0: GoAnimate.Com in Arabic Language Learning Activities at Universiti Malaysia Kelantan/ Penggunaan Aplikasi Web 2.0: GoAnimate.Com dalam Aktiviti Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di Universiti Malaysia Kelantan
Authors: Abdul Hai Amanee , Amiruddin Ahmad Zaki , Abdul Rahman Ahmad , Wan Daud Wan Ab Aziz 
Published: January 2020

This study is designed to present a web 2.0 application that provides multimedia and animated video known as GoAnimate.Com which has been used as a learning activity tool directly in Arabic teaching and learning (T&L) process. This activity was implemented in the class whereby the students were actively involved as practitioners and the teachers played the role as facilitators. The guidance to use GoAnimate.Com was explained to students by teachers before dividing them into groups. Each group were asked to prepare an animated video containing simple Arabic conversation using GoAnimate.Com application. Quantitative method was utilized to make this study successful by using the instrument of questioners prepared to identify students’ perception towards GoAnimate.Com application and their preference of using this application in Arabic T&L at University Malaysia Kelantan (UMK). The result of this study has indicated that student’s perception towards GoAnimate.Com application in learning Arabic is high with the overall mean score of 4.05. This study has shown that the usage of GoAnimate.Com can increase students’ engagement and involvement in learning Arabic. Nevertheless, it is hoped that the outcome of this study can provide an alternative approach and various strategies in Arabic T&L towards Education 4.0 in the Forth Industrial Revolution era (IR4.0).
Iban Sebuyau Youth Slang: Radial Network Category Framework Analysis/ Slanga Remaja Iban Sebuyau: Analisis Kerangka Kategori Jaringan Radial
Authors: Ringit Clinton , Abdul Wahab Hamidah 
Published: January 2020

Slang is a free-grammatical rule of language phenomenon that exhibits the invention of vocabulary in a community groups in order to strengthen social identity. Overall, there are 15 data of Iban Sebuyau teenagers slang which has been acquired and separated into noun categories (eight data) and verbs (seven data). This study will analyze seven types of words of Iban Sebuyau teenagers’ slang in Sarawak via the verb category. Besides, the slang of Iban Sebuyau teenagers’ data will be examined based on the Radial Network Category Framework as suggested by Lakoff (1987). Accordingly, this study applied qualitative methods to obtain field sampling based on 10 teenagers in Sebuyau which has been selected based on their comprehension on the slang. As a result, the findings shows that there are in total of 7 data of Iban Sebuyau teenagers slang has been obtained in verb categories such as merueh, ngaga’ peta, ngangat nyawa, belagu, nunjuk langit, melabur, and fogging. Overall, the Radial Network Category Framework approach able to describe the extensive meaning of Iban Sebuyau teenagers slang.
Quantum mirrors of log Calabi–Yau surfaces and higher-genus curve counting
Authors: Bousseau Pierrick 
Published: January 2020

Gross, Hacking and Keel have constructed mirrors of log Calabi–Yau surfaces in terms of counts of rational curves. Using $q$-deformed scattering diagrams defined in terms of higher-genus log Gromov–Witten invariants, we construct deformation quantizations of these mirrors and we produce canonical bases of the corresponding non-commutative algebras of functions.
Microglia
Authors: Perry V. Hugh 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT
The concept of the immunological privilege of the central nervous system (CNS) has had a profound influence on studies of interactions between the immune system and the CNS. At one time there was considerable debate as to whether there were any cells in the CNS of myeloid origin, but we now know that there are a number of populations of myeloid cells in specialized compartments of the CNS and that there is an ongoing bidirectional dialogue between the CNS and the immune system. We briefly review what we know of the different myeloid populations, in particular the microglia: their phenotype and function; their role in CNS homeostasis; and also their role in pathology, focusing on chronic neurodegeneration.
Linking postglacial landscapes to glacier dynamics using swath radar at Thwaites Glacier, Antarctica
Authors: Holschuh N. , Christianson K. , Paden J. , Alley R.B. , Anandakrishnan S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIce sheets reshape Earth’s surface. Maps of the landscape formed by past ice sheets are our best tool for reconstructing historic ice sheet behavior. But models of glacier erosion and deposition that explain mapped features are relatively untested, and without observations of landforms developing in situ, postglacial landscapes can provide only qualitative insight into past ice sheet conditions. Here we present the first swath radar data collected in Antarctica, demonstrating the ability of swath radar technology to map the subglacial environment of Thwaites Glacier (West Antarctica) at comparable resolutions to digital elevation models of deglaciated terrain. Incompatibility between measured bedform orientation and predicted subglacial water pathways indicates that ice, not water, is the primary actor in initiating bedform development at Thwaites Glacier. These data show no clear relationship between morphology and glacier speed, a weak relationship between morphology and basal shear stress, and highlight a likely role for preexisting geology in glacial bedform shape.
Modeling the dynamics of a Late Triassic vertebrate extinction: The Adamanian/Revueltian faunal turnover, Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona, USA
Authors: Hayes Reilly F. , Puggioni Gavino , Parker William G. , Tiley Catherine S. , Bednarick Amanda L. , Fastovsky David E. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe coincidence of a diverse vertebrate assemblage with a high-precision geochronology and lithostratigraphy in Petrified Forest National Park (Arizona, USA) allows Bayesian quantification of the dynamics of a Late Triassic vertebrate extinction and replacement, the Adamanian/Revueltian (A/R) faunal turnover. This approach uniquely identifies probabilities for the tempo of the replacement of the Adamanian assemblage by that of the Revueltian, precisely tracking the turnover. While the method does not designate the moment of extinction, there is a negligible probability that all Adamanian extinctions, as well as all Revueltian originations, are synchronous. A protracted A/R turnover is incompatible with the geologically instantaneous Manicouagan impact (215.4 ± 0.20 Ma; Québec, Canada) as a dominant causal mechanism. This analytical framework constitutes a flexible means of reconstructing biotic turnover in a variety of deep time contexts.
Late Paleogene emergence of a North American loess plateau
Authors: Fan Majie , Feng Ran , Geissman John W. , Poulsen Christopher J. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The relative roles of tectonics and global climate in forming the hydroclimate for widespread eolian deposition remain controversial. Oligocene loess has been previously documented in the interior of western United States, but its spatiotemporal pattern and causes remain undetermined. Through new stratigraphic record documentation and data compilation, we reveal the time transgressive occurrence of loess beginning in the latest Eocene in the central Rocky Mountains, that expands eastward to the Great Plains across the Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT). Our climate simulations show that moderate uplift of the southern North America Cordillera initiated drying in the Cordilleran hinterland and immediate foreland, forming a potential dust source and sink, and global cooling at the EOT expanded the drying and eolian deposition eastward by causing retreat of the North American Monsoon. Therefore, the eolian deposition reflects continental aridification induced both by regional tectonism and global climate change during the late Paleogene.
LIFEStyle, Prevention and Risk of Acute PaNcreatitis (LIFESPAN): protocol of a multicentre and multinational observational case–control study
Authors: Koncz Balázs , Darvasi Erika , Erdősi Dalma , Szentesi Andrea , Márta Katalin , Erőss Bálint , Pécsi Dániel , Gyöngyi Zoltán , Girán János , Farkas Nelli , Papp Maria , Fehér Eszter , Vitális Zsuzsanna , Janka Tamás , Vincze Áron , Izbéki Ferenc , Dunás-Varga Veronika , Gajdán László , Török Imola , Károly Sándor , Antal Judit , Zádori Noémi , Lerch Markus M , Neoptolemos John , Sahin-Tóth Miklós , Petersen Ole H , Hegyi Péter 
Published: January 2020

IntroductionAcute pancreatitis (AP) is a life-threatening inflammatory disease of the exocrine pancreas which needs acute hospitalisation. Despite its importance, we have significant lack of knowledge whether the lifestyle factors elevate or decrease the risk of AP or influence the disease outcome. So far, no synthetising study has been carried out examining associations between socioeconomic factors, dietary habits, physical activity, chronic stress, sleep quality and AP. Accordingly, LIFESPAN identifies risk factors of acute pancreatitis and helps to prepare preventive recommendations for lifestyle elements.Methods and analysisLIFESPAN is an observational, multicentre international case–control study. Participating subjects will create case and control groups. The study protocol was designed according to the SPIRIT guideline. Patients in the case group (n=1700) have suffered from AP (alcohol-induced, n=500; biliary, n=500; hypertriglyceridemiainduced, n=200; other, n=500); the control group subjects have no AP in their medical history. Our study will have three major control groups (n=2200): hospital-based (n=500), population-based (n=500) and aetiology-based (alcohol, n=500; biliary, n=500 and hypertriglyceridemia, n=200). All of them will be matched to the case group individually by gender, age and location of residence. Aggregately, 3900 subjects will be enrolled into the study. The study participants will complete a complex questionnaire with the help of a clinical research administrator/study nurse. Analysis methods include analysis of the continuous and categorical values.Ethics and disseminationThe study has obtained the relevant ethical approval (54175-2/2018/EKU) and also internationally registered (ISRCTN25940508). After obtaining the final conclusions, we will publish the data to the medical community and will also disseminate our results via open access.Trial registration numberISRCTN25940508; Pre-results.
Unravelling the role of leadership in motivation of health workers in a Moroccan public hospital: a realist evaluation
Authors: Belrhiti Zakaria , Van Damme Wim , Belalia Abdelmounim , Marchal Bruno 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesThis study aimed at opening the black box of the relationship between leadership and motivation of health workers by focusing on a high-performance hospital in Morocco.DesignWe adopted the realist evaluation approach and used the case study design to test the initial programme theory we formulated on the basis of a scoping review on complex leadership. We used the Intervention-Context-Actors-Mechanism-Outcome Configuration as a heuristic tool to identify plausible causal configurations.SettingsSince 2000, the Ministry of Health in Morocco initiated many reforms in the frame of the governmental deconcentration process called ‘advanced regionalisation’. The implementation of these reforms is hampered by inadequate human resource management capacities of local health system managers. Yet, the National ‘Concours Qualité’, a national quality assurance programme implemented since 2007, demonstrated that there are many islands of excellence. We explore how leadership may play a role in explaining these islands of excellence.ParticipantsWe carried out a document review, 18 individual interviews and 3 group discussions (with doctors, administrators and nurses), and non-participant observations during a 2-week field visit in January–February 2018.ResultsWe confirmed that effective leaders adopt an appropriate mix of transactional, transformational and distributed leadership styles that fits the mission, goals, organisational culture and nature of tasks of the organisation and the individual characteristics of the personnel when organisational culture is conducive. Leadership effectiveness is conditioned by the degree of responsiveness to the basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness, perceived organisational support and perceived supervisor support. Transactional and overcontrolling leadership behaviour decreased the satisfaction of the need for autonomy and mutual respect. By distributing leadership responsibilities, complex leaders create an enabling environment for collective efficacy and creative problem solving.ConclusionsWe found indications that in the Moroccan context, well-performing hospitals could be characterised by a good fit between leadership styles, organisational characteristics and individual staff attributes.
Differences in reimbursement listing of anticancer therapies in China: an observational study
Authors: Guan Xiaodong , Zhang Yichen , Wushouer Haishaerjiang , Shi Luwen , Ross-Degnan Dennis , Wagner Anita Katharina 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveAccess to highly priced anticancer medications usually requires insurance coverage. A first step towards coverage of such medications is their inclusion in reimbursement lists. We assessed listing for reimbursement in China between 2009 and 2018 of anticancer medications on the WHO’s Essential Medicines List.Setting and study designUsing publicly available data, we assessed which anticancer medications listed in the 20th WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (EML) were included in China’s National Reimbursement Drug List (NRDL). For five targeted anticancer medications on the WHO EML, we also assessed inclusion in the 31 Chinese Provincial Reimbursement Drug Lists (PRDLs). Logistic regression was used to test whether inclusion of targeted anticancer medications was associated with provincial economic levels.Primary outcome measuresInclusion of five targeted anticancer medications in the NRDL and PRDLs before and after 2017.ResultsThe 2017 NRDL included all anticancer medications on the WHO EML (except for one not approved in China at the time), and by 2018, all 31 PRDLs listed the targeted anticancer medications except for nilotinib; four provinces had covered all five targeted medications before the 2017 NRDL coverage mandate. Provincial economic level and regional incidence of specific cancers seemed unrelated to the inclusion of five targeted anticancer medications in PRDLs.ConclusionOur findings suggest that by including medications in the national and provincial reimbursement lists, China has taken an important first step in promoting access to targeted anticancer medications. Further research is needed to determine whether inclusion in PRDLs improved the availability, appropriate use and affordability of highly priced targeted anticancer medications in China.
Study protocol for the road to hierarchical diabetes management at primary care (ROADMAP) study in China: a cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Jia Weiping , Zhang Puhong , Duolikun Nadila , Zhu Dalong , Li Hong , Bao Yuqian , Li Xian , Liu Yu 
Published: January 2020

IntroductionDiabetes management in primary care remains suboptimal in China, despite its inclusion in the essential public health service (EPHS). We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a mobile health (mHealth) based and three-tiered diabetes management system in diverse Chinese contexts.Methods and analysisThis is a cluster randomised controlled trial, named road to hierarchical diabetes management at primary care (ROADMAP). 19 008 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) were recruited from primary care clinics in 864 communities across 144 counties/districts of 24 provinces. Eligible participants were adult patients diagnosed with T2D and registered for diabetes management in communities. Patients within the same communities (clusters) were randomly allocated into the intervention or control arm for 1 year in a 2:1 ratio. The control arm patients received usual care as EPHS packaged: at least four blood glucose (BG) and blood pressure (BP) tests, and lifestyle and medication instruction, yearly, from primary care providers. The intervention arm patients received at least two BG and one BP tests, monthly, and lifestyle and treatment instruction from a three-tiered contracted team. A mHealth platform,Graded ROADMAP,enabled test results uploading and sharing, and patient referral within the team. The intervention participants will be further divided into basic or intensive intervention group according to whether they were actively using theYour DoctorApp. The primary outcome is the BG control rate with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c)<7.0%. Secondary outcomes include control rates and changes of ABC (HbA1c, BP and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and fasting BG, hypoglycaemia episodes and health-related quality of life (EuroQol (EQ-5D)).Ethics and disseminationThe trial has been approved by the Institutional Review Board at Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital. Findings on the intervention effectiveness will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations and other relevant mechanisms.Trial registration numberChiCTR-IOC-17011325.
Value of an outpatient transition clinic for young people with inflammatory bowel disease: a mixed-methods evaluation
Authors: Sattoe Jane N T , Peeters Mariëlle A C , Haitsma Jannie , van Staa AnneLoes , Wolters Victorien M , Escher Johanna C 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveDeveloping and evaluating effective transition interventions for young people (16–25 years) with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a high priority. While transition clinics (TCs) have been recommended, little is known about their operating structures and outcomes. This study aimed to gain insight into the value of a TC compared with direct handover care.DesignControlled mixed-methods evaluation of process outcomes, clinical outcomes and patient-reported outcomes.SettingTwo outpatient IBD clinics in the Netherlands.ParticipantsData collection included: semistructured interviews with professionals (n=8), observations during consultations with young people (5×4 hours), medical chart reviews of patients transferred 2 to 4 years prior to data collection (n=56 in TC group; n=54 in control group) and patient questionnaires (n=14 in TC group; n=19 in control group).OutcomesData were collected on service structures and daily routines of the TC, experienced barriers, facilitators and benefits, healthcare use, clinical outcomes, self-management outcomes and experiences and satisfaction of young people with IBD.ResultsAt the TC, multidisciplinary team meetings and alignment of care between paediatric and adult care providers were standard practice. Non-medical topics received more attention during consultations with young people at the TC. Barriers experienced by professionals were time restrictions, planning difficulties, limited involvement of adult care providers and insufficient financial coverage. Facilitators experienced were high professional motivation and a high case load. Over the year before transfer, young people at the TC had more planned consultations (p=0.015, Cohen’s d=0.47). They showed a positive trend in better transfer experiences and more satisfaction. Those in direct handover care more often experienced a relapse before transfer (p=0.003) and had more missed consultations (p=0.034, Cohen’s d=−0.43) after transfer.ConclusionA TC offer opportunities to improve transitional care, but organisational and financial barriers need to be addressed before guidelines and consensus statements in healthcare policy and daily practice can be effectively implemented.
Australia’s awareness of cardiac arrest and rates of CPR training: results from the Heart Foundation's HeartWatch survey
Authors: Cartledge Susie , Saxton Danielle , Finn Judith , Bray Janet E 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveWe aimed to provide the first national estimates of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training and awareness of cardiac arrest.DesignA retrospective analysis of a national cross-sectional survey was undertaken. Data were collected online from adults in July 2017 as part of the Heart Foundation of Australia’s HeartWatch survey. We used logistic regression to examine demographic factors associated with CPR training.ParticipantsA national cohort was invited to participate in the survey using purposive, non-probability sampling methods with quotas for age, gender and area of residence, in order to reflect the wider Australian population. The final sample consisted of 1076 respondents.Main outcome measureTo determine an estimation of the prevalence of cardiac arrest awareness and CPR training at a national level and the relationship of training to demographic factors.ResultsThe majority (76%) of respondents were born in Australia with 51% female and 66% aged between 35 and 64 years. Only 16% of respondents could identify the difference between a cardiac arrest and a heart attack. While 56% reported previous CPR training, only 22% were currently trained (within 1 year). CPR training was associated with younger age (35 to 54 years) (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.0), being born in Australia (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.17) and higher levels of education (university, OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.35 to 2.57). CPR training increased confidence in respondents ability to perform effective CPR and use a defibrillator. Lack of CPR training was the most common reason why respondents would not provide CPR to a stranger.ConclusionsThere is a need to improve the community’s understanding of cardiac arrest, and to increase awareness and training in CPR. CPR training rates have not changed over the past decades—new initiatives are needed.