bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The predictive value of RDW in AKI and mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Wang Ruo Ran , He Min , Ou Xiao Feng , Xie Xiao Qi , Kang Yan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundRed blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been validated valuable in predicting outcome and acute kidney injury (AKI) in several clinical settings. The aim of this study was to explore whether RDW is associated with outcome and AKI in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsPatients admitted to our hospital for TBI from January 2015 to August 2018 were included in this study. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors of AKI and outcome in patients with TBI. The value of RDW in predicting AKI and outcome was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsThree hundred and eighteen patients were included in this study. The median of RDW was 14.25%. We divided subjects into two groups based on the median and compared difference of variables between two groups. The incidence of AKI and mortality was higher in high RDW (RDW > 14.25) group (31.45% vs 9.43%, P < .001; 69.81% vs 29.56%, P < .001). Spearman's method showed RDW was moderately associated with 90‐day Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) (P < .001). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, RDW, lymphocyte, chlorine, and serum creatinine were risk factors of AKI. And Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), glucose, chlorine, AKI, and RDW were risk factors of mortality. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of RDW for predicting AKI and mortality was 0.724 (0.662‐0.786) and 0.754 (0.701‐0.807), respectively. Patients with higher RDW were likely to have shorter median survival time (58 vs 70, P < .001).ConclusionsRed blood cell distribution width is an independent risk factor of AKI and mortality in patients with TBI.
A comparative analysis of the efficacy of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with autologous ligament grafting at different time points
Authors: Hu Bo , Gao Feng , Li Chunbao , Zhang Boqing , An Mingyang , Lu Ming , Liu Yufeng , Liu Yujie 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study was performed to compare the clinical efficacies of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with autologous ligament grafting at different time points.MethodsEighty‐five patients with ACL were categorized into two groups: Group A (GA, n = 45), who underwent early‐stage (≤3 weeks) surgery, and Group B (GB, n = 40), who underwent advanced‐stage (>3 weeks) surgery. Perioperative conditions, knee joint functions, activity and stability before and at 6 months postoperatively, changes in quality of life (QOL), good and excellent rates of knee joint functions, and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.ResultsIn both groups, there was an increase in the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Lysholm score, and QOL and a decrease in the knee joint angle flexion limitation, angle of spread limitation, positive rates in the anterior drawer test (ADT), and Lachman test score (P < .05) after surgery. At 6 months postoperatively, the IKDC score, Lysholm score, and QOL were higher in GA than in GB (P < .05). The good and excellent rates of knee joint functions were higher in GA than in GB (93.33% vs. 77.50%) (P < .05).ConclusionAnterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with autologous ligament grafting can achieve good effects whether performed in the early or advanced stage; however, the improvements in patients' knee joint functions and QOL are better in the early stage. Therefore, early ACL reconstruction with autologous ligament grafting is suggested.
The Many Faces of Pediatric Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis (CRMO): A Practical Location‐ and Case‐Based Approach to Differentiate CRMO From Its Mimics
Authors: Menashe Sarah J. , Aboughalia Hassan , Zhao Yongdong , Ngo Anh‐Vu , Otjen Jeffrey P. , Thapa Mahesh M. , Iyer Ramesh S. 
Published: August 2020

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is an autoinflammatory bone disease of childhood and adolescence characterized by episodic bone pain. Diagnosis relies heavily on whole‐body MRI and is made by excluding a wide variety of other disorders with overlapping imaging features, depending on location, marrow distribution, and the presence or absence of multifocality. We present an overview of the clinical and imaging features of CRMO and, through various clinical scenarios, provide tips for tailoring the differential diagnosis based on location and distribution of encountered abnormalities.Level of Evidence4Technical Efficacy Stage3
Diagnostic Utility of the Simplified Perfusion Fraction for Identifying Myocardial Injury in Patients With Reperfused ST‐segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: An Dong‐Aolei , Chen Bing‐Hua , He Jie , Suo Shi‐Teng , Fahmy Lara M. , Han Tong‐Tong , Hu Jiani , Xu Jian‐Rong , Wu Lian‐Ming , Pu Jun 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundAcute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a disease with high morbidity and mortality worldwide and the evaluation of myocardial injury and perfusion status following myocardial ischemia and reperfusion is of clinical value.PurposeTo assess the diagnostic utility of simplified perfusion fraction (SPF) in differentiating salvage and infarcted myocardium and its predictive value for left ventricular remodeling in patients with reperfusion ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Study TypeProspective.PopulationForty‐one reperfused STEMI patients and 20 healthy volunteers.Field Strength/Sequence3.0T MRI. The MR examination included cine, T2‐short tau inversion recovery (T2‐STIR), first pass perfusiong (FPP)，phase sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR), and diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI).AssessmentSPF values among different myocardium regions (infarcted, salvaged, remote, and MVO) and stages of reperfused STEMI patients as well as normal controls were measured. The diagnostic utility of SPF values in differentiating salvaged and infarcted myocardium was assessed.Statistical AnalysisIndependent t‐test and the Mann–Whitney U‐test. Logistic regression.ResultsSPF values in healthy controls were not significantly different than SPF values in the remote myocardium of patients (40.09 ± 1.47% vs. 40.28 ± 1.93%, P = 0.698). In reperfusion STEMI patients, SPF values were lower in infarcted myocardium compared to remote and salvaged myocardium (32.15 ± 2.36% vs. 40.28 ± 1.93%, P < 0.001; 32.15 ± 2.36% vs. 36.68 ± 2.71%, P < 0.001). SPF values of infarcted myocardium showed a rebound increase from acute to convalescent stages (32.15 ± 2.36% vs. 34.69 ± 3.69%, P < 0.001). When differentiating infarcted and salvaged myocardium, SPF values demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.89 (sensitivity 85.4%, specificity 80.5%, cutoff 34.42%). Lower SPF values were associated with lower odds ratio (OR = 0.304) of left ventricular remodeling after adjusting for potential confounders with a confidence interval (CI) of 0.129–0.717, P = 0.007.Data ConclusionSPF might be able to differentiate salvaged and infarcted myocardium and is a strong predictor of left ventricular remodeling in reperfused STEMI patients.Level of Evidence 2Technical Efficacy Stage 2
Anxiety and depression symptoms after virological clearance of COVID‐19: A cross‐sectional study in Milan, Italy
Authors: Tomasoni Daniele , Bai Francesca , Castoldi Roberto , Barbanotti Diletta , Falcinella Camilla , Mulè Giovanni , Mondatore Debora , Tavelli Alessandro , Vegni Elena , Marchetti Giulia , d'Arminio Monforte Antonella 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPrevalence of anxiety or depression was investigated in 105 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients at 1 to 3 months from virological clearance by hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS‐A/D). 30% of patients displayed pathological HADS‐A/D, 52.4% showed persistent symptoms. Pathological patients with HADS‐A/D more commonly reported symptom persistence, even after adjustment for age, gender, and disease severity. Psychological assessments should be encouraged in COVID‐19 patients' follow‐up.
Saliva sample pooling for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Pasomsub Ekawat , Watcharananan Siriorn P. , Watthanachockchai Treewat , Rakmanee Kingkan , Tassaneetrithep Boonrat , Kiertiburanakul Sasisopin , Phuphuakrat Angsana 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAs the battle against coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic continues, an increase in workload and medical expenses have been a concern to the health care system worldwide. Developing a measure that helps to conserve the health care resource is, therefore, highly desirable, and the pooling of the specimens for testing is one of the attractive strategies. Recently, we showed that saliva could be a potential alternative specimen for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). In the present study, we performed the pooling of saliva specimens for testing by SARS‐CoV‐2 RT‐PCR. We showed that the saliva pool of either 5 or 10 samples, by allowing the detection of either gene in the pool at an increased cycle threshold cutoff value, further performing individual sample testing in the positive pools did not compromise the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2.
Microwave diamond devices technology: Field‐effect transistors and modeling
Authors: Chen Zhihao , Fu Yu , Kawarada Hiroshi , Xu Yuehang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper provides an overview of the developments in microwave diamond field‐effect transistor (D‐FET) technologies. Due to the ultrawide‐bandgap and high carrier velocity and thermal conductivity of diamond, it is a potential candidate for microwave power devices with high output power and operating frequency. Here, the properties of semiconductor materials for microwave applications are described. Then, the mechanisms of various diamond FETs are detailed. In recent years, hydrogen‐terminated diamond metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistors (HD MOSFETs) have been widely studied for their potential use in microwave power devices. Therefore, the structures and developments of HD MOSFETs are mainly discussed. Finally, in the prospective application of the HD FET microwave circuit, the state‐of‐the‐art large‐signal modeling of HD MOSFETs is presented.
Effect of cyclic loading on the stability of screws placed in the locking plates used to bridge segmental bone defects
Authors: Grzeskowiak Remigiusz M. , Freeman Laura R. , Harper David P. , Anderson David E. , Mulon Pierre‐Yves 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the ex vivo effect of cyclic loading on the stability of screws placed in locking plates used to bridge segmental bone defects. The primary interface stability was assessed using peak reverse torque. Eighteen, 8‐hole stainless‐steel 4.5 mm locking plates and 4.0‐mm self‐tapping locking‐head screws were used to stabilize 40‐mm segmental defects in goat tibiae. Treatment groups included control constructs without cyclic loading (n = 6) and constructs tested to 5000 (n = 6) and 10,000 cycles (n = 6) of 600 N compressive axial loading. The insertion of all screws was standardized to 400 N‐cm insertion torque. Peak reverse torque was measured immediately after screw placement (control), or after the completion of the respective loading cycles. The difference between treatment groups was compared using univariate analysis of variance. The analysis revealed a significant difference in peak reverse torque of the screws among the treatment groups (p = .000). The mean reverse torque values equaled 343.5 ± 18.3 N‐cm for non‐cycled controls, 303.3 ± 25.9 and 296.0 ± 42.9 N‐cm after 5000 and 10,000 cycles, respectively. Among all treatment groups, screws placed in the distal bone segment tended to have lesser peak reverse torque reduction than those placed in the proximal segment and the difference was proportional to the number of cycles (p = .562; p = .255; p = .013 in control, and after 5000 and 10,000 cycles, respectively). Cyclic loading may have a negative effect on the primary stability of screws placed in locking plate constructs used to bridge segmental bone defects and could contribute to the risk of screw loosening.
The characteristics of ginsenosides and oligosaccharides in mountain‐ and garden‐cultivated ginseng
Authors: Zhu Lianlian , Luan Xiaoning , Yuan Ying , Dou Deqiang , Huang Luqi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe present study aimed to explore the chemical characteristics of mountainous forest cultivated ginseng (MFCG) and garden ginseng (GG) with respect to their ginsenosides and oligosaccharides.METHODSA high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode‐array detection‐evaporative light‐scattering detection technique was adopted to investigate the ginseosides and oligosaccharides of GG and MFCG.RESULTSThe features of ginsenosides showed Rg1/Re in different parts of GG and MFCG: main root > lateral root > fibrous root, as well as Rg1/Re in the main root: MFCG > GG, indicating that the Rg1/Re is related to age of the ginseng. In most cases, Rg1/Re < 1 in entire GG and Rg1/Re > 1 in entire MFCG. In addition, the ratio of protopanaxadiol/protopanaxatriol in main root of GG is approximately 1 and, in the main roots of MFCG, the ratio is approximately 2 and, furthermore, Ro/Rb1 of MFCG is lower than that of GG. Analysis of oligosaccharides showed that GG mainly contained sucrose and MFCG mainly contained sucrose and maltose, and the ratio of sucrose to maltose was at least more than 4:1 in GG and less than 4:1 in MFCG in most cases, indicating the characteristics of oligosaccharides of MFCG are primarily affected by its growing environment. The results also showed that ginsenoside Re is most probably the biosynthetic precursor of ginsenoside Rg1 (i.e. Re was synthesized first and then transformed to Rg1 in vivo).CONCLUSIONThe characteristics of Rg1/Re and higher maltose can be regarded as one of the characteristics of high quality MFCG, and these characteristics are related to a higher age and the cultivation environment of ginseng. The formation mechanism of these characteristics for GG and MFGG is also discussed. As far as we know, the present study is the first to determine the difference of Rg1/Re and oligosaccharides between MFCG and GG and this provides a reference for the quality control criterion of GG and MFCG. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Intraoperative ultrasonography‐guided surgery for malignant soft tissue tumor
Authors: Takeuchi Akihiko , Yamamoto Norio , Hayashi Katsuhiro , Miwa Shinji , Igarashi Kentaro , Yonezawa Hirotaka , Morinaga Sei , Araki Yoshihiro , Asano Yohei , Ikeda Hiroko , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesA clear surgical margin is crucial for preventing the recurrence of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). Recognizing the tumor border is difficult when the STS is impalpable or ill‐defined. Ultrasonography (US) is a widely used diagnostic device that can visualize certain tumors intraoperatively. However, its usefulness for intraoperatively assessing STSs is unclear and was investigated here.MethodsOur study comprised 19 patients with STSs that were impalpable, ill‐defined, or beneath the fascia. All patients underwent intraoperative US (IOUS), with follow‐up times ranging from 5 to 103 months (mean, 49 months).ResultsThe mean age of the study participants was 56 years (range, 25‐83 months). The most common histological diagnosis was undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) (nine patients). The mean tumor size was 51 mm (range, 7‐126 mm). According to the residual tumor classification, 18 tumors were microscopically negative (R0), including seven close to the fascia, and one was microscopically positive (R1). Local recurrence occurred in two cases (both classified as R0). The recurrence‐free survival rate was 88.9% in 5 years.ConclusionsIOUS‐guided surgery is useful for visualizing STSs. Using this technique, STSs can be precisely localized, evaluated, and excised.
Simultaneous determination of acetamiprid and 6‐chloronicotinic acid in environmental samples by using ion chromatography hyphenated to online photoinduced fluorescence detector
Authors: Subhani Qamar , Muhammad Nadeem , Huang Zhouman , Asif Muhammad , Hussain Irshad , Zahid Muhammad , Hairong Cui , Zhu Yan , Guo Dandan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study aims to introduce a simple, sensitive, and cost‐effective method for the simultaneous determination of acetamiprid and its main metabolite 6‐chloronicotinic acid in environmental samples by using a nonsuppressed ion chromatography hyphenated with an online postcolumn photoinduced fluorescence detection system. The fluorescence detector wavelengths λex/λem = 257/382 nm was set for up to 6.0 min for acetamiprid, while λex/λem = 231/370 nm programmed for 6‐chloronicotinic acid for the rest of the analysis time. Both samples were treated by applying miniaturized quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method before the separation of analytes on an IonPac® AS11‐HC column by pumping 40 mM NaOH having minuscule content of acetonitrile (5%, v/v) as an eluent. Both intrinsically nonfluorescent analytes were turned‐on by online postcolumn photoinduced derivatization, avoiding the need for complex chemical derivatization or addition of a postcolumn extra pump. The developed method was appraised for the analysis of environmental samples, exhibiting excellent linearity (0.050‐10 μg/mL) with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.9993 for both analytes. Whereas, obtained limit of detection (0.025‐0.0072 μg/mL), recoveries (98.02‐116.00%), and inter‐ and intraday precision (≤3.02 %) were satisfactory for both compounds in environmental samples.
Simultaneous separation and determination of vancomycin and its crystalline degradation products in human serum by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method and its application in therapeutic drug monitoring
Authors: Fan Yaxin , Peng Xiaolin , Wu Hailan , Liang Xiaoyu , Chen Yuancheng , Guo Beining , Zhang Jing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA rapid and simple ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the simultaneous separation and determination of vancomycin and its crystalline degradation products in human serum. Vancomycin and two isomers of the degradants were extracted from human serum with a protein precipitation method. The compounds were separated on an Acquity BEH C18 column (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.7 μm) eluted with a gradient mixture of acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid as the mobile phase. Norvancomycin was used as the internal standard. The linear ranges of vancomycin and two degradant isomers were 1.057‐105.7, 0.1437‐14.37, and 0.2540‐25.40 μg/mL, respectively. The established methods were validated and successfully applied to a therapeutic drug monitoring study of vancomycin in patients with renal insufficiency.
Analysis of overall survival in differentiated thyroid cancer patients with double primary malignancy
Authors: Wu Shu‐Ting , Chi Shun‐Yu , Wang Pei‐Wen , Chen Yung‐Nien , Yang Yi‐Ting , Chen Wen‐Chieh , Chen Jung‐Fu , Chou Chen‐Kai 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDifferentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) survivors are at increased risk of developing double primary malignancy (DPM). The aim of this study was to investigate clinicopathological characteristics and survival in DTC patients diagnosed with DPM. A total of 975 patients with DTC diagnosed between 2013 and 2017, treated, and followed at a medical center in Taiwan were retrospectively reviewed. Data from enrolled patients were analyzed for differences in prognosis dependent on the presence of DPM, and which clinicopathological variables affected their prognosis. Among 975 thyroid cancer patients, 94 (9.6%) were diagnosed with DPMs and 16 (1.6%) patients died of any cause. DPM patients had a greater proportion of males, had a higher mean age, more commonly presented with a thyroid mass incidentally by imaging and cervical lymph node metastases, showed a more advanced thyroid cancer stage, and had a higher proportion of lymph node metastases. Overall survival (OS) was significantly lower in patients diagnosed with DPM. Male gender (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.597), two or more DPMs (HR = 8.071), and shorter time interval between two cancers occurrences (HR = 7.101) were significantly risk factors for DPM‐related death. In conclusion, the risk of developing DPM in DTC patients was elevated in older, male patients with an advanced tumor‐node‐metastasis stage. DPM adversely affected the OS of thyroid cancer patients. Male gender, two or more DPMs, and shorter time interval between occurrences were significant risk factors for OS in DPM patients.
Design, Synthesis, and Self‐Assembly of Janus Bottlebrush Polymers
Authors: Chen Kerui , Hu Xin , Zhu Ning , Guo Kai 
Published: August 2020

AbstractJanus bottlebrush polymers are a class of special molecular brushes, which have two immiscible side chains on the repeating unit of the backbone. The characteristic architectures of Janus bottlebrush polymers enable unique self‐assembly properties and broad applications. Recently, remarkable advances of Janus bottlebrush polymers have been achieved for polymer chemistry and material science. This review summarizes the synthetic strategies of Janus bottlebrush polymers, and highlights the self‐assembly applications. Finally, the challenges and opportunities are proposed for the further development.
An investigation into the minimum number of tissue groups required for 7T in‐silico parallel transmit electromagnetic safety simulations in the human head
Authors: de Buck Matthijs H. S. , Jezzard Peter , Jeong Hongbae , Hess Aaron T. 
Published: August 2020

PurposeSafety limits for the permitted specific absorption rate (SAR) place restrictions on pulse sequence design, especially at ultrahigh fields (≥ 7 tesla). Due to intersubject variability, the SAR is usually conservatively estimated based on standard human models that include an applied safety margin to ensure safe operation. One approach to reducing the restrictions is to create more accurate subject‐specific models from their segmented MR images. This study uses electromagnetic simulations to investigate the minimum number of tissue groups required to accurately determine SAR in the human head.MethodsTissue types from a fully characterized electromagnetic human model with 47 tissue types in the head and neck region were grouped into different tissue clusters based on the conductivities, permittivities, and mass densities of the tissues. Electromagnetic simulations of the head model inside a parallel transmit head coil at 7 tesla were used to determine the minimum number of required tissue clusters to accurately determine the subject‐specific SAR. The identified tissue clusters were then evaluated using 2 additional well‐characterized electromagnetic human models.ResultsA minimum of 4‐clusters‐plus‐air was found to be required for accurate SAR estimation. These tissue clusters are centered around gray matter, fat, cortical bone, and cerebrospinal fluid. For all 3 simulated models, the parallel transmit maximum 10g SAR was consistently determined to within an error of <12% relative to the full 47‐tissue model.ConclusionA minimum of 4‐clusters‐plus‐air are required to produce accurate personalized SAR simulations of the human head when using parallel transmit at 7 tesla.