bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PHÂN TÍCH HIỆN TRẠNG Ô NHIỄM CHÌ (Pb) TRONG ĐẤT VÀ KHẢ NĂNG DI CHUYỂN VÀO NƯỚC NGẦM QUANH KHU CÔNG NGHIỆP
Authors: THỊ LAN BÌNH NGUYỄN , TRUNG HOÀNG NGUYỄN 
Published: December 2020

Địa bàn thành phố Hồ Chí Minh tập trung 11 khu công nghiệp (KCN) và khu chế xuất (KCX) trong đó hầu hết đều nằm gần hoặc xen lẫn với khu dân cư. Những ngành công nghiệp sản xuất pin, sơn, luyện kim… là những ngành đặc trưng về phát thải chì (Pb) vào không khí. Việc phát thải chì từ các KCN, KCX không những có thể gây ảnh hưởng xấu tới sức khoẻ người dân xung quanh nơi phát thải mà quan trọng hơn còn là lượng chì này sau thời gian sẽ đi vào môi trường đất và nước ngầm qua quá trình lắng đọng khí. Vì vậy, trong bài nghiên cứu này, chúng tôi thực hiện phân tích hàm lượng chì và hợp chất của nó trong các mẫu đất để đánh giá khả năng gây hại đến sức khoẻ con người nếu không may nuốt phải và khả năng ảnh hưởng đến chất lượng đất, chất lượng nước ngầm trong tương lai. 31 mẫu đất bề mặt được lấy trong bán kính 1km từ ống khói tại một nhà máy luyện thép trên địa bàn thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Sau đó, Hàm lượng chì trong đất có khả năng gây nguy hiểm nếu đi trực tiếp vào cơ thể bằng đường tiêu hoá được phân tích bằng phương pháp phá mẫu trong axit clohydric (HCl) 1M. Trong thí nghiệm rửa giải chì vào nước, mẫu được chuẩn bị trong nước cất. Mẫu dung dịch của hai thí nghiệm được phân tích bằng thiết bị Quang phổ phát xạ plasma kết hợp cảm ứng ICP – OES. Kết quả cho thấy hàm lượng chì trong đất nằm trong khoảng 23mg/kg đến 35mg/kg. Hàm lượng chì bị rửa giải vào nước khoảng 0.7mg/L, khá cao so với tiêu chuẩn kiểm soát ô nhiễm đất của Bộ Môi Trường Nhật Bản.
ĐỘNG HỌC QUÁ TRÌNH THU HỒI ĐỒNG KIM LOẠI TỪ BÙN THẢI NHÀ MÁY BO MẠCH ĐIỆN TỬ BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP ĐIỆN PHÂN
Authors: VĂN PHƯƠNG NGUYỄN , THANH THẢO NGUYỄN , THỊ THÙY TRANG NGUYỄN 
Published: December 2020

Bùn thải nhà máy bo mạch điện tử có Cu 19,5 %, cần thu hồi. Phương pháp điện phân được thực hiện để khảo sát các thông số ảnh hưởng đến tốc độ thu hồi đồng. Kết quả phân tích Cu, pH, clorua trong bùn thải lần lượt là 19,5 %, 10,1 và 20,2 %. Dung dịch ngâm chiết dùng cho điện phân có Cu2+ là 19,6 g/L, pH=3,0, clorua là 20,1 g/L. Các dữ liệu thực nghiệm về ảnh hưởng của khoảng cách, tốc độ khuấy, mật độ dòng lên vận tốc thu hồi đồng bằng phương pháp điện phân từ bùn thải nhà máy bo mạch điện tử đã được thực hiện. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã cho thấy với khoảng cách khảo sát 12, 25, 40 mm cho thấy không ảnh hưởng đáng kể đến hằng số vận tốc, cụ thể k1 dao động 0,0059 – 0,0060 phút-1, k2 là 0,0004 L/(g.phút). Với vận tốc khuấy khảo sát 200, 300 và 400 vòng/phút cho thấy khi tốc độ khuấy tăng thì k giảm, với k1 từ 0,010 về 0,007 phút-1, với k2 từ 0,0010 về 0,0006 L/(g.phút). Với mật độ dòng tăng thì hằng số k tăng; với k1 tăng 0,0038 lên 0,0059 phút-1 ứng với mật độ dòng 262, 430 A/m2, với k2 tăng từ 0,0002 lên 0,00067 L/(g.phút) với mật độ dòng 262, 430, 524 A/m2. Kết quả cũng xác định hằng số tốc độ k0 cho phản ứng bậc 2 là 0,00007 L/(g.phút).
Yaşlı Bireylerin Çocukluk Dönemlerindeki Oyun Pratikleri İle Günümüz Çocuklarının Oyun Pratiklerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: SEZER Sergender , GÜLTEKİN Tule 
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmada modernleşmenin ve teknolojik gelişmelerin etkilediği toplumsal değişmenin çocuk oyunlarına ve oyun pratiklerindeki değişime nasıl yansıdığı belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırma, çocukluk döneminde toplumsallaşmaya büyük etkisi olduğu kabul edilen çocuk oyunlarının da geçmişten bugüne büyük değişiklikler gösterdiği bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle araştırmanın temel problemini, yaşlı bireylerin çocukluk dönemindeki oyun pratikleri ile günümüz çocuklarının oyun patiklerinin nasıl ve neden değişiklik gösterdiği oluşturmaktadır.
Bu kapsamda araştırma Muğla ilinin Yeniköy Mahallesi’nde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tek mahallenin seçilmiş olmasının amacı, aynı mekânda büyümüş ve büyümekte olan bireyler arasında karşılaştırma yaparak kültürel aktarımın ve değişimin nasıl ilerlediğini görmektir. Yeniköy’de doğup büyüyen ve yaşayan sekiz yaşlı ve sekiz çocuk olmak üzere toplam da on altı katılımcıyla derinlemesine görüşme yapılmıştır.
Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen veriler yorumlayıcı anlayıcı yöntem ve içerik analizi tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bunun yanında araştırmada kota ve kartopu örneklem kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucuna bakıldığında; toplumsal değişmeye paralel olarak oyun kültürünün geleneksel oyun kültüründen modern oyun kültürüne doğru evrildiği, fakat bu evrim sürecinin hala devam etmekte olduğu görülmektedir.
Governing Territories in Turbulence with Advanced Marketing Frameworks
Authors: Bruni Roberto , Colamatteo Annarita , Nekhoda Evgenia 
Published: December 2020

The world is living in a period of turbulence in terms of health and environmental emergencies, markets and societies complexity. Providing sustainable wellbeing and quality of life to population is a challenge for governments. Policy makers are searching for useful strategies to satisfying the needs of population, and forecasting problems for the future.
Technology, use of data, international cooperation and networks are change-generating forces that cause effects on markets and societies and modify the design, production, and consumption of products and services. Companies manage the factors that stimulate the change, modifying or adapting their management and marketing approaches. The challenge of managing turbulence of societies and the relationship with internal and external stakeholders appears to be more difficult for governments.
Including literature from sociology, geography, and business and management, a selection of multidisciplinary contributions is presented to explain the role of advanced marketing frameworks appliable by governments to overcome the complexity within territories caused by the change-generating forces.
The paper presents the place marketing ‘value co-creation driven’ as a useful framework to manage the place value proposition by governments, using specific capabilities and a systemic approach.
Structural Modelling of Psychological Limiting Factors for Economic Growth
Authors: Bundala Ntogwa Ng’habi 
Published: December 2020

The main objective of this paper was to develop a structural model of psychological limiting factors for economic growth. Specifically, the paper aimed to determine the psychological demographic characteristics, psychological environmental factors, psychological human behaviour and psychological economic factors those influence economic outputs in Kagera and Mwanza regions in Tanzania. The paper used the cross-sectional survey/data from Mwanza and Kagera regions. The sample size of the study was 211 individuals, randomly sampled. The data analysed by using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) method. The study found that psychological demographic characteristics, psychological human behaviour and psychological economic factors have significant direct impacts on economic growth. However, the psychological environmental factors have a negative impact on the economic growth, but it is not statistically significant. Moreover, the study established the quasi-sinusoidal theory of happiness timing, which explains the nature and timing of happiness of an individual on boosting the economic growth, which responds to Easterlin Paradoxical paradigm. The study concluded that the economic output (GDP) in any production system is depends on how economic agents define their own “live value” (psychological well-being) and the level of psychological control of factors of production (subjective well-being). However, the optimality of utility choices of the economic agents’ decision is enclosed by level of happiness (psychological outcome). Hence Kagera region is performing worse because of its low psychological well-being. The paper suggested the implementation of psychological booster strategies (PBS) such as the homing nurtures, mental balance exercises programmes and establishment of youth economic support (YES) centres.
Corn yield response to subsurface drainage water recycling in the midwestern United States
Authors: Willison Rebecca S. , Nelson Kelly A. , Abendroth Lori J. , Chighladze Giorgi , Hay Christopher H. , Jia Xinhua , Kjaersgaard Jeppe , Reinhart Benjamin D. , Strock Jeffrey S. , Wikle Christopher K. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDrainage water recycling (DWR) involves capture, storage, and reuse of surface and subsurface drainage water as irrigation to enhance crop production during critical times of the growing season. Our objectives were to synthesize 53 site‐years of data from 1996 to 2017 in the midwestern United States to determine the effect of DWR using primarily subirrigation on corn (Zea mays L.) grain yield and yield variability and to identify precipitation factors at key stages of corn development (V1–V8, V9–VT, R1–R2, R3–R4, and R5–R6) that correlated to an increase in yield with DWR. A generalized additive model was used to quantify and characterize the relationship between precipitation and corn grain yield during corn development stages and to determine if that relationship differed between DWR and free drainage (FD). Corn yield response to precipitation was generally similar between DWR and FD, except during the critical period of V9–R2, in which DWR was more resilient to precipitation extremes than FD. Drainage water recycling was generally more responsive than FD in years with low and normal precipitation (<181 mm). When precipitation was low (27–85 mm) from V9 to R2, DWR had higher yields (77% of the site‐years evaluated), with an average yield increase of 3.6 Mg ha−1 (1.2–7.5 Mg ha−1). Overall, FD had 28% greater yield variability than DWR. Additional research is needed on DWR impacts on different soils and locations throughout this region to improve the stability of corn yields and to develop automated DWR systems for enhancing efficiency of water management with increasing climate variability.
Laboratory‐scale liquefiers for natural gas: A design and assessment study
Authors: von Preetzmann Nils , Eckmann Philipp , van der Veen Adriaan M. H. , Li Jianrong , Richter Markus 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExact knowledge of natural gas composition is essential in custody transfer to determine the energy content of the delivery. However, for liquefied natural gas (LNG), a reliable composition determination is difficult. Here, we describe the design of a laboratory‐scale reference liquefier that enables the validation and calibration of optical spectroscopy sensors by providing them with a sample of metrologically traceable composition. Hence, it is crucial to avoid fractionation of the sample during liquefaction. This is realized by supercritical liquefaction of a reference gas mixture in conjunction with a special vapor–liquid‐equilibrium (VLE) cell. As this is a demanding high‐pressure application, low‐pressure condensation as liquefaction method was also assessed. Through experimental investigations and VLE calculations, preservation of the composition of the produced liquid sample during condensation was studied. We conclude that under optimized conditions, validation, and calibration measurements of optical sensors can be performed on condensed liquids, which, however, needs further confirmation.
Physical activity and aerobic fitness in relation to local and interhemispheric functional connectivity in adolescents’ brains
Authors: Ruotsalainen Ilona , Glerean Enrico , Karvanen Juha , Gorbach Tetiana , Renvall Ville , Syväoja Heidi J. , Tammelin Tuija H. , Parviainen Tiina 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIntroductionAdolescents have experienced decreased aerobic fitness levels and insufficient physical activity levels over the past decades. While both physical activity and aerobic fitness are related to physical and mental health, little is known concerning how they manifest in the brain during this stage of development, characterized by significant physical and psychosocial changes. The aim of the study is to examine the associations between both physical activity and aerobic fitness with brains’ functional connectivity.MethodsHere, we examined how physical activity and aerobic fitness are associated with local and interhemispheric functional connectivity of the adolescent brain (n = 59), as measured with resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Physical activity was measured by hip‐worn accelerometers, and aerobic fitness by a maximal 20‐m shuttle run test.ResultsWe found that higher levels of moderate‐to‐vigorous intensity physical activity, but not aerobic fitness, were linked to increased local functional connectivity as measured by regional homogeneity in 13–16‐year‐old participants. However, we did not find evidence for significant associations between adolescents’ physical activity or aerobic fitness and interhemispheric connectivity, as indicated by homotopic connectivity.ConclusionsThese results suggest that physical activity, but not aerobic fitness, is related to local functional connectivity in adolescents. Moreover, physical activity shows an association with a specific brain area involved in motor functions but did not display any widespread associations with other brain regions. These results can advance our understanding of the behavior–brain associations in adolescents.
Employing supervised classification techniques in determining playability status of polyester‐urethane magnetic audio tapes
Authors: Fuenffinger Nathan C. , Ratnasena Nilmini H. , Cassidy Brianna M. , Lu Zhenyu , Abraham Alyssa A. , Breitung Eric M. , Morgan Stephen L. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAs magnetic audio tapes age, various chemical and physical degradation processes can affect the playability of the tapes. The extent that a tape is degraded, however, is often difficult to observe without actually playing the tape. Attempting to play an extensively degraded tape can result in damage to the tape as well as to the instrument used to play the tape. Our recent work has focused on less destructive methods for determining the degree to which a tape is degraded before playing. The development of such methods would allow conservationists to predetermine if a tape should be subjected to a restoration process such as baking and eliminate any further damage from occurring. In this study, attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy was used as a rapid and objective method for determining the playability of polyester‐urethane magnetic tapes. A collection of 95 tapes was used to generate chemometric models based on partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA), support vector machine discriminant analysis (SVM‐DA), artificial neural networks (ANNs), and naïve Bayes classification (NBC). Classification accuracies for playability of greater than 90% were achieved when applying the models to a separate collection of 50 tapes.
Local hydrodynamics investigation of industrial scaled‐down upflow moving‐bed hydrotreater reactor using a two‐tip optical probe
Authors: Alexander Vineet , Albazzaz Hamza , Al‐Dahhan Muthanna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUpflow moving‐bed hydrotreater (MBR) is used in refineries as a guard reactor to a fixed‐bed residual desulfurization reactor. Uniform local flow distribution in these reactors is critical to avoid issues like coking, catalyst agglomeration, and hotspots in the catalyst bed. Local maldistribution is investigated on a scaled‐down MBR at a scaled‐down industrial flow condition using an experimental technique called two‐tip optical probe (TTOP), which gives local phase saturations, phase velocities, backmixing, and maldistribution at voids of a two‐phase‐flow packed bed. TTOP implemented at local radial/axial locations indicates highly fluctuating phase saturations inside the catalyst bed, with zones having low‐to‐high gas or liquid saturations, indicating severe local maldistribution. The local phase backmixing and local maldistribution is more on the upper part of the bed.
Adsorption performance of organic dyes in single and binary systems onto poly(itaconic acid)/magnetite sepiolite composite prepared via the green synthetic methods
Authors: Ge Hucheng , Zhang Ze , Zhao Xiaowei , Li Hai , Sun Jingyi , Jv Xiaojun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSince organic dyes are poorly biodegradable and completely soluble, they are difficult to be efficiently and rapidly removed. Therefore, a poly(itaconic acid)/magnetite sepiolite composite (PIA/MSEP) is prepared via a simple and environmentally friendly approach. The resulting adsorbent is employed for adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and methyl violet (MV). Factors influencing dyes adsorption efficiency are systemically researched, such as pH, contact time, temperature, and initial concentration of dye. Under optimal experimental conditions, the adsorption behaviour is satisfactorily modelled by the Langmuir model, and the maximum adsorption capacity reaches 196.08 and 175.44 mg · g−1 for MB and MV, respectively. Adsorption is a fast process, well represented by pseudo‐second‐order rate expression, and being the equilibrium reached as short as 30 minutes for both MB and MV. The thermodynamic parameters suggest a favourable, spontaneous, and endothermic process. Fast, kinetic, and convenient magnetic separation, and a high adsorption capacity, make PIA/MSEP composite an impressive adsorbent for adsorption of organic dyes.
Gingival crevicular fluid biomarkers in type 1 diabetes mellitus: A case–control study
Authors: Sereti Maria , Roy Margaux , Zekeridou Alkisti , Gastaldi Giacomo , Giannopoulou Catherine 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study is to compare the levels of Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF) interleukin 8 (IL‐8), matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP‐8) and advanced glycated‐end products (AGEs) in a cohort of type 1 diabetic (T1D) subjects and healthy controls.Material and methodsGCF samples and periodontal examination were assessed in 50 subjects with T1D (30 males and 20 females; mean age: 35.2 years) recruited from the Diabetology Unit of the Geneva University Hospitals and in 50 control subjects matched for gender, age and smoking status. Samples were assessed for IL‐8 and MMP‐8 using a bead array multianalyte detection system and for AGEs the ELISA. The two groups were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank test.ResultsThe mean HbA1c differed significantly between the groups (8.3% for the T1D group vs. 5.2% for the control group, p < 0.001). T1D subjects had significantly more plaque and gingival inflammation and presented more sites with bleeding on probing compared to the controls. The GCF levels of IL‐8, MMP‐8 and AGEs did not differ significantly between the groups. Further analysis of the GCF markers in younger (<40 years) and older (≥40 years) cohorts, revealed no significant differences between younger diabetics and controls or between older diabetics and controls. When the groups were divided according to their glycemic status (HbA1c 6.1–8, and > 8%), again no significant differences could be identified for any of the biochemical markers.ConclusionsT1D subjects, particularly the younger ones, exhibited more inflammation compared to the matched healthy controls. Results on the GCF expression of IL‐8, MMP‐8 and AGEs did not differ between the groups. The diabetic population of our cohort was for the most part fairly‐controlled, with little if any complications and with presence of only mild type of periodontal disease, as 68% had gingivitis.
Hierarchical CoP Nanostructures on Nickel Foam as Efficient Bifunctional Catalysts for Water Splitting
Authors: Cao Hongshuai , Li Zhibin , Xie Ying , Xiao Fang , Wang Honglei , Wang Xiaoyan , Pan Kai , Cabot Andreu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA highly active and cheap catalyst is also key to hydrogen production by water splitting. However, most of the high‐efficiency catalysts reported to date only are catalytically active for either the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) or the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which makes the development of multifunctional catalysts more meaningful. Here, for the first time, Co(CO3)0.5OH.0.11 H2O (CHCH) as precursor with different microstructures on the surface of nickel foam (NF) was obtained using a facile hydrothermal method. The CoP/NF catalyst was obtained after thermal phosphating that retained the microhierarchical structure of the precursor and greatly improved the catalytic performance, with a highly efficiency performance as HER and OER dual‐functional catalyst. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that the possible reason for the excellent performance of the CoP/NF layered structure is an increase in the number of of surface defects and an increased active surface area. The results reported in this paper show that CoP/NF, a layered bifunctional electrocatalyst, is a cost‐effective and efficient water‐splitting electrode. This finding can offer the opportunity for the commercial use of excess electric energy for large‐scale water splitting hydrogen production.
Regulation of vertebrate forelimb development and wing reduction in the flightless emu
Authors: Newton Axel H. , Smith Craig A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe vertebrate limb is a dynamic structure which has evolved into many diverse forms to facilitate complex behavioral adaptations. The principle molecular and cellular processes that underlie development of the vertebrate limb are well characterized. However, how these processes are altered to drive differential limb development between vertebrates is less well understood. Several vertebrate models are being utilized to determine the developmental basis of differential limb morphogenesis, though these typically focus on later patterning of the established limb bud and may not represent the complete developmental trajectory. Particularly, heterochronic limb development can occur prior to limb outgrowth and patterning but receives little attention. This review summarizes the genetic regulation of vertebrate forelimb diversity, with particular focus on wing reduction in the flightless emu as a model for examining limb heterochrony. These studies highlight that wing reduction is complex, with heterochronic cellular and genetic events influencing the major stages of limb development. Together, these studies provide a broader picture of how different limb morphologies may be established during development.
A dual preconcentration method by combining micro matrix solid‐phase dispersion extraction with field‐enhanced sample injection and micelle to cyclodextrin stacking for sensitive analysis of neutral coumarins
Authors: Chu Chu , Liu Caijing , Yang Fei , Lian Linmin , Li Jing , Mao Hui , Yan Jizhong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA rapid, sensitive, environmental friendly dual preconcentration method by combining micro matrix solid‐phase dispersion extraction with field‐enhanced sample injection and micelle to cyclodextrin stacking has been developed for the determination of furocoumarins. Molecular sieve, KIT‐6, was used as an adsorbent in micro matrix solid‐phase dispersion process. The important parameters affecting off‐line and online CE preconcentration efficiency were optimized. Under the optimal experimental conditions, all analytes showed good linearity (R2 > 0.999). The LODs of notopterol, isoimperatorin, and imperatorin were 0.1 μg/mL, 1.2 mg/kg, and 1.0 mg/kg, respectively. Compared with the normal CE method, the enrichment times were up to 300. Moreover, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix was used as the mode of complex solid sample matrix to demonstrate the prospect of application of this methodology. The results showed the proposed strategy is promising for determining trace furocoumarins in complex matrix samples, which might be applied as a powerful and economic tool in monitoring illegal cosmetic adding.