bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of home‐use light‐emitting diode device at 637 and 854‐nm for facial rejuvenation: A split‐face pilot study
Authors: Ng Janice Natasha C. , Wanitphakdeedecha Rungsima , Yan Chadakan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe use of light‐emitting diode (LED) in combination wavelength for facial rejuvenation has been previously reported. Nowadays, there has been a growing market for home‐use cosmetic devices because of its low cost and convenience.AimsTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of home‐use LED device on facial rejuvenation.MethodsThis was a prospective split‐face clinical trial with a total of 24 subjects, who presented with photo aging skin. All subjects were treated with the home‐use LED device on the left side of their face, twice a week for 8 weeks. Primary outcomes measured in the study were the changes in the biophysical properties of the skin assessed with the following parameters: skin elasticity, skin hydration, texture, and wrinkles. Evaluations were done at baseline, 2‐, 4‐, 6‐, and 8‐week follow‐up. Subjects’ self‐improvement scores and adverse reactions were also recorded.ResultsAll 24 subjects completed the study and attended all follow‐up. Skin elasticity was significantly higher in the LED group compared to the control during the 6‐ and 8‐week follow‐up (P < .05). In the LED group, an image of the treated skin captured using Visioscan® showed improvement of the skin texture at 8‐week follow‐up. Majority of the subjects in the LED group scored good improvement on all follow‐ups (37.5%, 41.7%, 58.3%, and 62.5%) when compared to the baseline. No adverse reactions or pain were recorded in the study.ConclusionThe home‐use LED device, with a combination wavelength of 637 and 854 nm, is safe and can be used as an adjunctive treatment for self‐administered facial rejuvenation.
Monetary Policy and Global Banking
Authors: BRÄUNING FALK , IVASHINA VICTORIA 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTWhen central banks adjust interest rates, the opportunity cost of lending in local currency changes, but—absent frictions—there is no spillover effect to lending in other currencies. However, when equity capital is limited, global banks must benchmark domestic and foreign lending opportunities. We show that, in equilibrium, the marginal return on foreign lending is affected by the interest rate differential, with lower domestic rates leading to an increase in local lending, at the expense of a reduction in foreign lending. We test our prediction in the context of changes in interest rates in six major currency areas.
Microembolic Signals Detected by Transcranial Doppler Predict Future Stroke and Poor Outcomes
Authors: Das Alvin S. , Regenhardt Robert W. , LaRose Sarah , Monk Andrew D. , Castro Pedro M. , Sheriff Faheem G. , Sorond Farzaneh A. , Vaitkevicius Henrikas 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEAlthough transcranial Doppler detects microembolic signals (MES) in numerous settings, the practical significance of such findings remains unclear.METHODSClinical information from ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack patients (n = 248) who underwent embolic monitoring from January 2015 to December 2018 was obtained.RESULTSMES were found in 15% of studies and ischemic recurrence was seen in 11% of patients (over 7 ± 6 days). Patients with MES had more lacunes than those without MES (1 ± 3 vs. 1 ± 2, P = .016), were more likely to have ischemic recurrence (37% vs. 6%, P < .001), undergo a future revascularization procedure (26% vs. 10%, P = .005), have a longer length of stay (9 vs. 4 days, P = .043), and have worse functional disability at discharge (modified Rankin Scale 3‐6, 66% vs. 34%, P < .001). After controlling for several relevant cofactors, patients with MES were more likely to have ischemic recurrence (HR 4.90, 95% CI 2.16‐11.09, P < .001), worse functional disability (OR 3.31, 95% CI 1.22‐8.99, P = .019), and longer length of stays (β = .202, P < .001).CONCLUSIONSMES may help to risk stratify patients as their presence is associated with ischemic recurrence and worse outcomes.
Isothermal nucleic acid amplification techniques for detection and identification of pathogenic fungi: A review
Authors: Silva Zatti Matheus , Domingos Arantes Thales , Cordeiro Theodoro Raquel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundFungal infections have increased during the last years due to the AIDS epidemic and immunosuppressive therapies. The available diagnostic methods, such as culture, histopathology and serology, have several drawbacks regarding sensitivity, specificity and time‐consuming, while molecular methods are still expensive and dependent on many devices. In order to overcome these challenges, isothermal nucleic acid amplification techniques (INAT) arose as promising diagnostic methods for infectious diseases.ObjectiveThis review aimed to present and discuss the main contributions of the isothermal nucleic acid amplification techniques applied in medical mycology.MethodsPapers containing terms for each INAT (NASBA, RCA, LAMP, CPA, SDA, HAD or PSR) and the terms ‘mycoses’ or ‘disease, fungal’ were obtained from National Center for Biotechnology Information database until August 2019.ResultsNASBA, RCA, LAMP and PSR are the INAT reported in the literature for detection and identification of pathogenic fungi. Despite the need of a previous conventional PCR, the RCA technique might also be used for genotyping or cryptic species differentiation, which may be important for the treatment of certain mycoses; nevertheless, LAMP is the most used INAT for pathogen detection.ConclusionAmong all INATs herein reviewed, LAMP seems to be the most appropriate method for fungal detection, since it is affordable, sensitive, specific, user‐friendly, rapid, robust, equipment‐free and deliverable to end‐users, fulfilling all ASSURED criteria of the World Health Organization for an ideal diagnostic method.
Esophageal physiology—an overview of esophageal disorders from a pathophysiological point of view
Authors: Lottrup Christian , Khan Abraham , Rangan Vikram , Clarke John O. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe esophagus serves the principal purpose of transporting food from the pharynx into the stomach. A complex interplay between nerves and muscle fibers ensures that swallowing takes place as a finely coordinated event. Esophageal function can be tested by a variety of methods, endoscopy, manometry, and reflux monitoring being some of the most important. Regarding pathophysiology, motor disorders, such as achalasia, often cause dysphagia and/or chest pain. Functional esophageal disorders are a heterogeneous group with hypersensitivity as a dominant pathophysiological factor. Gastroesophageal reflux disease often causes symptoms, such as heartburn and regurgitation, and a spectrum of disease, ranging from minimal mucosal damage visible only in the microscope to esophageal ulcers and strictures in the most severe cases. Eosinophilic esophagitis is an immune‐mediated condition that can result in significant dysphagia and associated luminal narrowing. In the following, we will provide an overview of the most common esophageal disorders from a combined pathophysiological and clinical view.
Age‐related cerebrovascular carbon dioxide reactivity in children with ventricular septal defect younger than 3 years
Authors: Cui Boqun , Ou‐Yang Chuan , Xie Siyuan , Lin Duomao , Ma Jun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundImpaired cerebrovascular reactivity to carbon dioxide was proposed to contribute to neurological morbidity in children undergoing cardiac surgery. The objective of this study was to assess carbon dioxide reactivity and regional cerebral oxygen saturation in children younger than 3 years.MethodsThis study enrolled children younger than 3 years undergoing ventricular septal defect repair. The cohort was divided into three age groups: younger than 6 months, 6‐12 months, and 12‐36 months. Under steady‐state anesthesia, carbon dioxide reactivity was calculated by measuring changes in middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity using transcranial Doppler sonography. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation changes were measured by near‐infrared spectroscopy while endtidal carbon dioxide pressure was adjusted from 30 to 45 mm Hg.ResultsCarbon dioxide reactivity showed a statistically significant increasing relationship with age (younger than 6 months group: 4.42% ± 2.73%, 6‐12 months group: 5.86% ± 1.91%, 12‐36 months group: 7.58% ± 1.49%; P < .001). Regional cerebral oxygen saturation showed a statistically significant increasing relationship with age (younger than 6 months group: 65% ± 6%, 6‐12 months group: 68% ± 5%, 12‐36 months group: 70% ± 5%; P = .027). Regional cerebral oxygen saturation showed a statistically significant increasing relationship with endtidal carbon dioxide pressure in all children (P < .001).ConclusionAbnormal carbon dioxide reactivity is prevalent in children younger than 3 years and the degree varies according to age.
Multifocal infantile hemangiomas associated with concomitant giant hepatic rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma
Authors: Wessman Laurel L. , Mori Westley S. , Totoraitis Kristin , Murati Michael , Maguiness Sheilagh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe present a 9‐day‐old girl with multifocal cutaneous and hepatic infantile hemangiomas as well as a hepatic rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma. These two distinct vascular tumors have rarely been reported to co‐occur. We additionally review the sonographic features that distinguish a hepatic congenital hemangioma from the hepatic infantile hemangioma.
Colletotrichum species causing grape ripe rot disease in Vitis labrusca and V. vinifera varieties in the highlands of southern Brazil
Authors: Echeverrigaray Sergio , Scariot Fernando J. , Fontanella Gabrielli , Favaron Francesco , Sella Luca , Santos Murilo C. , Schwambach Joséli , Pedrotti Carine , Delamare Ana Paula L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRipe rot is one of the most important bunch diseases of grapes in the highlands of southern Brazil and a matter of concern for winegrowers. Sixty‐one strains isolated from berries of Vitis labrusca and V. vinifera varieties with symptoms were classified by phylogenetic analysis of the sequences of β‐tubulin, glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase, D1/D2 domain of 28S rDNA, and rDNA internal transcribed spacer. They were also characterized by morphology, and their pathogenicity was evaluated. The combined molecular data allowed identification of six Colletotrichum species: C. fructicola, C. kahawae and C. viniferum (gloeosporioides complex), C. limitticola, C. nymphaeae (acutatum complex), and C. karstii (boninense complex). This is the first report of C. karstii and C. limitticola associated with the ripe rot of grapes. Morphological characteristics varied within and among species, confirming their separation at the complex level. Pathogenicity tests on V. vinifera berries showed that the most prevalent species, C. viniferum (37.8%) and C. fructicola (36.1%), were more virulent than the less prevalent species C. limitticola and C. karstii. Our findings indicate that there is a high diversity of Colletotrichum species associated with ripe rot disease of grapes in Brazil. There were no clear differences in the distribution of Colletotrichum species between V. labrusca and V. vinifera varieties. The determination of fungal species responsible for grape ripe rot in Brazilian vineyards may contribute to further epidemiological studies and the development of more efficient prophylactic methods for ripe rot management.
A Simple New Approach to Variable Selection in Regression, with Application to Genetic Fine Mapping
Authors: Wang Gao , Sarkar Abhishek , Carbonetto Peter , Stephens Matthew 
Published: July 2020

SummaryWe introduce a simple new approach to variable selection in linear regression, with a particular focus on quantifying uncertainty in which variables should be selected. The approach is based on a new model—the ‘sum of single effects’ model, called ‘SuSiE’—which comes from writing the sparse vector of regression coefficients as a sum of ‘single-effect’ vectors, each with one non-zero element. We also introduce a corresponding new fitting procedure—iterative Bayesian stepwise selection (IBSS)—which is a Bayesian analogue of stepwise selection methods. IBSS shares the computational simplicity and speed of traditional stepwise methods but, instead of selecting a single variable at each step, IBSS computes a distribution on variables that captures uncertainty in which variable to select. We provide a formal justification of this intuitive algorithm by showing that it optimizes a variational approximation to the posterior distribution under SuSiE. Further, this approximate posterior distribution naturally yields convenient novel summaries of uncertainty in variable selection, providing a credible set of variables for each selection. Our methods are particularly well suited to settings where variables are highly correlated and detectable effects are sparse, both of which are characteristics of genetic fine mapping applications. We demonstrate through numerical experiments that our methods outperform existing methods for this task, and we illustrate their application to fine mapping genetic variants influencing alternative splicing in human cell lines. We also discuss the potential and challenges for applying these methods to generic variable-selection problems.
Is the unemployment–inflation trade‐off still alive in the Euro Area and its member countries? It seems so
Authors: Ribba Antonio 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe unemployment–inflation trade‐off can be interpreted as a proposition concerning the response of these two variables to aggregate demand shocks. In this paper, we study the possible presence of the trade‐off in the Euro Area and in a wide group of Euro‐area countries in the last 20 years, that is, since the start of EMU. We use the structural VAR methodology that allows the separation between supply and demand shocks. Our main finding is that the existence of a trade‐off is largely confirmed both at the Euro Area and at the national level. Nevertheless, the size of the trade‐off, measured at different horizons, shows some heterogeneity among countries. No less important, when we augment the VAR model by introducing monetary policy in the context of an open economy, we find that monetary policy shocks push inflation and unemployment in opposite directions in the currency area. Another interesting result concerns the evidence of a relatively flat relation between unemployment and inflation, conditionally to monetary policy shocks. The bulk of these conclusions seem to be confirmed by a number of robustness checks.
Evaluation of the effects of helmet continuous positive airway pressure on laryngeal size in dogs anesthetized with propofol and fentanyl using computed tomography
Authors: Rondelli Vincenzo , Guarracino Alessandro , Iacobellis Pierpaolo , Grasso Salvatore , Stripoli Tania , Lacitignola Luca , Auriemma Edoardo , Romano Francesca , Araos Joaquin D. , Staffieri Francesco 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of 5 cm H2O of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on laryngeal size in spontaneously breathing anesthetized dogs via computed tomography (CT).DesignProspective, randomized, cross‐over clinical study.SettingUniversity teaching hospital and referral private practice.AnimalsEight healthy client‐owned dogs undergoing CT.InterventionsDogs were sedated with acepromazine 20 μg/kg IM and induced with fentanyl 2 μg/kg and propofol 3–5 mg/kg IV before being maintained on fentanyl (5 μg/kg/h) and propofol (0.3 mg/kg/min) constant rate infusion. Dogs received an air/oxygen mixture with (CPAP) and without (NO‐CPAP) 5 cm H2O of CPAP in a random order. Each study step lasted 15 minutes.Measurements and Main ResultsTen minutes after the beginning of each study period, a CT scan of the laryngeal region was obtained at end‐expiration. CT images were analyzed to determine the laryngeal cross‐sectional area (CSA; cm2), total volume (VTOT; cm3), and laterolateral and dorsoventral diameters (DLL and DDV, respectively; cm). Differences between the 2 treatments were analyzed with t‐test for paired data (P < 0.05). Compared to the NO‐CPAP, during CPAP the CSA increased by 53.3 ± 23.1% (ie, from 3.3 ± 0.8 to 5.1 ± 1.3 cm2, P = 0.0004), VTOT increased by 52.4 ± 13.6% (from 6.2 ± 1.7 to 9.4 ± 2.4 cm3, P < 0.0001), and DLL and DDV were 55.5 ± 13.3% (3.6 ± 0.8 vs 2.4 ± 0.5 cm, P = 0.006) and 20.3 ± 8.8% larger (3.2 ± 0.7 vs 2.7 ± 0.6 cm, P = 0.0002), respectively.ConclusionsLaryngeal volume and cross sectional area increased during the application of 5 cm H2O of helmet CPAP in spontaneously breathing anesthetized dogs.
Screening of ectoparasites from domesticated dogs for bacterial pathogens in Vientiane, Lao PDR
Authors: Nguyen Hung Manh , Theppannga Watthana , Vongphayloth Khamsing , Douangngeun Bounlom , Blacksell Stuart D. , Robinson Matthew T. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractArthropod‐borne diseases are widespread worldwide and are a complex interaction between animals, humans and ectoparasites. The understanding of the diversity and epidemiology of organisms transmitted by arthropod vectors, and the role of hosts and vectors in transmission of infections remain limited in Lao PDR. What knowledge does exist is primarily focused on more rural regions of the country. This study screened ectoparasites from domestic dogs in Vientiane city for the presence of bacterial pathogens of zoonotic importance. A total of 3,511 arthropod vectors were collected from 112 dogs. Vectors collected were Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks, Ctenocephalides felis felis and Ctenocephalides felis orientis fleas and Heterodoxus spiniger lice. A sub‐sample of vectors from each dog was analysed by PCR to identify the potential bacteria. From 129 vector pools, Rickettsia spp. was detected in 6.7% (7/105) pools of ticks, 86.4% (19/22) pools of fleas and both pools of lice. Sequencing analysis confirmed Rickettsia felis in 13 flea pools and one louse pool and Rickettsia asembonensis in six flea pools. Anaplasmataceae was identified in 14.3% (15/105) tick pools and 100% (22/22) flea pools. Sequencing revealed the presence of Anaplasma platys in ticks and Wolbachia pipientis in fleas. Leptospira spp. was detected in one tick and one louse pool, and Brucella spp. was detected in 12.4% (13/105) tick pools. All samples were negative for Bartonella spp., Coxiella burnetii and Borrelia burgdorferi. This is the first study providing evidence of R. asembonensis in fleas in Laos. Results from this study show arthropods are potential vectors to transmit zoonotic infection in Vientiane city, suggesting humans are at risk of zoonotic infections in the city.
Passive Suppression of Self-Excited Combustion Instabilities in Liquid Spray Flame Using Microperforated Plate
Authors: Zhou Hao , Liu Zihua , Tao Chengfei , Zhou Mingxi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental investigation of using a microperforated plate (MPP) backed by an adjustable cavity to mitigate the combustion instabilities of liquid fuel swirl flame. The acoustic properties of MPPs with different porosities and aperture diameters were first tested in an impedance tube. At low bias flow rates, the sound reflection coefficients of MPPs with large holes commensurate well with the Luong model, and at high bias flow rates, the results of MPPs with small holes agree well with the predictions. The maximum sound absorption coefficient of each panel at the target frequency exceeded 95%. The perforated panels were then selected and integrated into a spray combustor individually. It was shown that the maximum reduction of pressure and heat release fluctuations inside the chamber was 14.91 dB and 13.40 dB, respectively. After noise elimination, the main frequencies of pressure and CH* signals were slightly shifted toward low frequencies. When the combustion conditions change, the MPPs operating near the optimal bias flow rates still have good sound absorption characteristics. After noise suppression, the synchronization between pressure and heat release signals was reduced, and the flame shapes were relatively stable. More generally, this study can promote the application of MPPs under bias flow in stabilizing the liquid spray combustion.
Numerical Investigation of a Mistuned Academic Bladed Disk Dynamics With Blade/Casing Contact
Authors: Joachim Jeanne , Nyssen Florence , Batailly Alain 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This contribution focuses on the combined analysis of mistuning and unilateral blade-tip/casing contacts. A two-dimensional (2D) phenomenological finite element (FE) model of an aircraft engine fan stage is considered. It is reduced by means of the Craig–Bampton component mode synthesis method and contact treatment relies on a Lagrange multiplier algorithm within an explicit time-integration scheme. Blade-tip/casing contacts are initiated through the deformed shape of a perfectly rigid casing. Mistuning is accounted for on the blades only. Monte Carlo simulations are carried out in both linear and nonlinear configurations, which allows to compare amplifications predicted in both context due to mistuning. Following a thorough convergence analysis of the proposed numerical strategy, the influence of mistuning level as well as the configuration of the external forcing are investigated. Presented results underline the detrimental consequences of mistuning in a nonlinear structural context, yielding even higher vibration amplifications than in a linear context. A cross-analysis between linear and nonlinear computations reveals that no correlation is found between linear and nonlinear amplifications which suggests that the effect of existing strategies to mitigate vibration amplifications within a linear context may not be suitable within a nonlinear context.
A Highly Prevalent Polymorphism in the Core Region Impairs Quantification of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) by the cobas TaqMan HBV Assay
Authors: Boizeau Laure , Servant-Delmas Annabelle , Ducancelle Alexandra , Chevaliez Stéphane , Thibault Vincent , Laperche Syria , Cappy Pierre 
Published: July 2020

The high genetic variability of hepatitis B virus (HBV) can impair DNA quantification. Here, we investigate a major underquantification of HBV by the cobas TaqMan HBV assay (CTM; Roche). In France, between 2005 and 2017, HBV DNA was detected in 3,102 blood donations by use of the CTM (95% limit of detection [LOD
95
], 4.8 IU/ml). HBV strains were sequenced in the S region (LOD
95
, ∼30 IU/ml). Concordant (
n
= 120) and discordant (
n
= 45) samples were identified according to the agreement between the plasma viral load (pVL) determined by the CTM and sequencing; all samples were also quantified using the RealTime HBV assay (RTH; Abbott).