bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on Outer Rotor FSCW Permanent Magnet Machines for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Electric Green Taxiing Systems
Authors: Xu Hua , Hu Yaohua , Yang Jinpeng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper considers the possibility of adopting an outer rotor fractional slot concentrated winding (FSCW) permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Electric Green Taxiing (EGT) application. The electromagnet performance such as no-load air-gap flux density, flux linkage distribution, electromotive force (EMF), average torque, torque ripple, and iron losses are studied by finite-element analysis (FEA). The results show the iron loss is mainly effected by the machine frequency. The unmanned aerial vehicle EGT structure are introduced, which includes the outer rotor FSCW PM machine, the reducer, the clutch, and the tire.
Numerical Study on Flow Regulation Characteristics of High Temperature Jet Vortex Valve
Authors: Zhang L , Wei Z J 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The use of a high-temperature jet vortex valve without moving parts for the secondary jet of the vector nozzle can meet the needs of the secondary jet flow regulation of the vector nozzle in a high temperature and high pressure environment. The high-temperature jet vortex valve is a valve device with a certain amplification effect that uses a small cold flow to regulate a large flow of high-temperature gas flow. This paper uses numerical simulation to investigate the flow field distribution and flow adjustment characteristics of the vortex valve in different control pressure ratio when the main gas pressure of the vortex valve is 16 MPa and the temperature is 2500K. The results show that the high-temperature jet vortex valve relies on different radial pressure gradients generated by different control flow pressures could achieve the effect of adjusting the flow rate of high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The results proved the feasibility of the vortex valve in adjusting the secondary jet flow rate of the nozzle; further exploring indicated that the flow adjustment ratio TD will change when the ratio of the control flow port area to the outlet area changes.
A Study on Towing Capacity with Deflated Tires of a Certain Type of Civil Aircraft
Authors: Zhang Zhenwei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
It is a very important ability whether civil aircraft allows the towing operation when tires flat in actual operating. Based on a certain type of regional aircraft, associating with ground load, ground equipment, landing gear structure, weight balance and maintenance engineering specialty etc, this paper studies the related airworthiness clauses of towing with deflated tires, analyzes the towing load of a certain type of aircraft and defines the scene when towing with deflated tires occur. Procedures of the normal towing and deflation towing are analyzed and similarities and differences of competing types of aircraft are also compared. On this basis, the actual towing ability of a certain type of aircraft is evaluated and more research on weight, safety factor of towbar and other aspects is conducted. Finally, the conclusion is provided that this type of aircraft has towing ability with single deflated tire by exceeding 60% of load requirement of the clause and being confirmed by strength evaluation.
Research on Command Allocation Method for Flying Wing Aircraft
Authors: Zhang Ning 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Flying wing has nice aerodynamic efficiency, good loading and stealth characteristics, it is an ideal aerodynamic configuration for reconnaissance, transportation and bombing type aircraft. However, flying wing aircraft suffers from poor stability and control characteristics, which makes it difficult to design and control. Due to elimination of horizontal and vertical tails, flying wing aircraft has poor longitudinal and directional dynamic characteristics. Unlike most of the conventional aircraft, flying wing aircraft usually have a large number of control effectors, the redundant effectors are designed and required to provide adequate lift, pitch and yawing force or moments. There-fore, flying wing aircraft usually need to adopt reasonable control allocation algorithms to exploit the control capability of redundant effectors. Especially for large-aspect ratio flying wing with very high level of effector redundancy, the pursuit of performances, e.g., gust load alleviation control and maximum lift mode, makes control allocation extremely important and indispensable. This paper summarizes the typical characteristics of command allocation methods, and its applicability in different flight missions, providing a reference for the design of command allocation method for flying wing aircraft.
FEA and Optimization of a Door Used in Large Vacuum Chamber
Authors: Zhang Yi , Lv Shizeng , Han Xiao , Gong Jie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The door is the access for the test piece and personnel, and it is one of the important parts of the vacuum chamber. This paper introduces a kind of door of a large vacuum chamber, which moves radially along the ground guide rail. Because of the risk of overturning, we use the finite element software to create a finite element model, define the material properties, and apply the load. On this basis, we carry out stress analysis, displacement analysis and overturning analysis. According to the analysis results, we give two optimization methods for anti-overturning. Finally, we analyse the overturning resistance of the optimized model.
Haptic Rendering Algorithm based on Force Feedback Handle in the Teleoperation of the Space Manipulator
Authors: Qiu X A , Ma D T , Wang S J , Duan F W , Zhu B 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we study the haptic rendering algorithm of the handle for the requirement of designing the force feedback handle which is applied to the teleoperation of the space manipulator, to improve the user experience of the force feedback handle. By the research of arbitrary force and moment at the end of the handle, we propose the operation assisting force based on gravitational potential field method and the precise operation guiding method based on gravitational potential energy model. At the same time, the vibration signal is used in the state information of the slave and state. The experimental results show that the force-aware rendering algorithm applied to the teleoperation of the space manipulator can greatly improve the operation efficiency of the teleoperation task and effectively enhance the telepresence of teleoperation.
Evaluation of Dynamic Stability Derivatives for Hypersonic Vehicle
Authors: Sheng-Xi Tong , Yan-Ming Fan , Feng Gao , Guo-Qing Zhou 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The dynamic stability derivative is the key parameter of the aircraft control system and the boundary analysis of the dynamic stability criterion. The accurate evaluation of dynamic derivative is of great importance to the design and flight of the aircraft. A method to predict the derivative of pitch damping is presented. The unsteady aerodynamic force is obtained by solving the unsteady flow field, and the static and dynamic derivatives of the aircraft are obtained by using integral method and least square method. By comparing the aerodynamic derivatives at different equilibrium positions and different centers of gravity, it can be seen that the calculated results are in good agreement with the experiment. It indicates that the present method has satisfactory order and efficiency and be suitable for engineering problems.
On-orbit Engine Thrust Prediction Algorithm for Geosynchronous Satellites based on Neural Network
Authors: Yin Wenjuan , Song Tao , Lin Zhen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Focused on the problem of complex in-orbit engine thrust prediction algorithm the geosynchronous satellite, a thrust prediction method based on the composition of the propulsion system is proposed in the paper. The method integrates theoretical model and neural network model, and the prediction model is simple and practical. In order to further improve the accuracy of the model, the in-orbit data was used to optimize the modified parameters using the multi-objective genetic algorithm NSGA-II. Finally, the optimized model is applied to different cases. The comparison between the simulation results and flight data shows that the accuracy of the optimized model is significantly improved, and the in-orbit thrust prediction method is correct and effective.
Numerical and Experimental Research on the Anti-sloshing Characteristic of Swash Bulkhead in LNG Independent Type C Tank
Authors: Liu Ge , Wen Qimu , Yang Yi , Wang Chong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The sloshing induced by partial loaded in LNG (Liquified Natural Gas) independent type C tank will threat the structure of tank. For sloshing suppression, installation of swash bulkhead is a good choice. With model experiment, the sloshing suppression mechanism of perforated swash bulkhead is investigated. Comparing to the tank without swash bulkhead, the suppression efficiency is obtained. Base on the CFD (Computational fluid dynamic) theory, a numerical method is used to sloshing simulation of tank with perforated swash bulkhead, which is verified by the model experiment. Thus, with the same permeation ratio, the effect of anti-sloshing is analysed numerically with comparison of ring baffle and perforated bulkhead. It is found that perforated swash bulkhead has a better performance in sloshing suppression at higher filling level than the ring baffle. And there is a small variation in anti-sloshing efficiency of perforated swash bulkhead
Heritability jointly explained by host genotype and microbiome: will improve traits prediction?
Authors: Awany Denis , Chimusa Emile R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
As we observe the $70$th anniversary of the publication by Robertson that formalized the notion of ‘heritability’, geneticists remain puzzled by the problem of missing/hidden heritability, where heritability estimates from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) fall short of that from twin-based studies. Many possible explanations have been offered for this discrepancy, including existence of genetic variants poorly captured by existing arrays, dominance, epistasis and unaccounted-for environmental factors; albeit these remain controversial. We believe a substantial part of this problem could be solved or better understood by incorporating the host’s microbiota information in the GWAS model for heritability estimation and may also increase human traits prediction for clinical utility. This is because, despite empirical observations such as (i) the intimate role of the microbiome in many complex human phenotypes, (ii) the overlap between genetic variants associated with both microbiome attributes and complex diseases and (iii) the existence of heritable bacterial taxa, current GWAS models for heritability estimate do not take into account the contributory role of the microbiome. Furthermore, heritability estimate from twin-based studies does not discern microbiome component of the observed total phenotypic variance. Here, we summarize the concept of heritability in GWAS and microbiome-wide association studies, focusing on its estimation, from a statistical genetics perspective. We then discuss a possible statistical method to incorporate the microbiome in the estimation of heritability in host GWAS.
Tocilizumab for Treatment of Mechanically Ventilated Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Somers Emily C , Eschenauer Gregory A , Troost Jonathan P , Golob Jonathan L , Gandhi Tejal N , Wang Lu , Zhou Nina , Petty Lindsay A , Baang Ji Hoon , Dillman Nicholas O , Frame David , Gregg Kevin S , Kaul Dan R , Nagel Jerod , Patel Twisha S , Zhou Shiwei , Lauring Adam S , Hanauer David A , Martin Emily , Sharma Pratima , Fung Christopher M , Pogue Jason M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can manifest in rapid decompensation and respiratory failure with elevated inflammatory markers, consistent with cytokine release syndrome for which IL-6 blockade is an approved treatment.

Methods
We assessed effectiveness and safety of IL-6 blockade with tocilizumab in a single-center cohort of patients with COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation. The primary endpoint was survival probability postintubation; secondary analyses included an ordinal illness severity scale integrating superinfections. Outcomes in patients who received tocilizumab compared with tocilizumab-untreated controls were evaluated using multivariable Cox regression with propensity score inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).

Results
154 patients were included, of whom 78 received tocilizumab and 76 did not. Median follow-up was 47 days (range, 28–67). Baseline characteristics were similar between groups, although tocilizumab-treated patients were younger (mean: 55 vs 60 years), less likely to have chronic pulmonary disease (10% vs 28%), and had lower D-dimer values at time of intubation (median: 2.4 vs 6.5 mg/dL). In IPTW-adjusted models, tocilizumab was associated with a 45% reduction in hazard of death (HR, .55; 95% CI, .33–.90) and improved status on the ordinal outcome scale [OR per 1-level increase, .58; .36–.94). Although tocilizumab was associated with an increased proportion of patients with superinfections (54% vs 26%; P &lt; .001), there was no difference in 28-day case fatality rate among tocilizumab-treated patients with versus without superinfection (22% vs 15%; P = .42). Staphylococcus aureus accounted for ~50% of bacterial pneumonia.

Conclusions
In this cohort of mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients, tocilizumab was associated with lower mortality despite higher superinfection occurrence.
(Re)creating the Eglantine Table
Authors: Bank Katie 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Eglantine Table at Hardwick Hall (c.1568) was probably crafted to commemorate marriages made between the Hardwick-Cavendish and Talbot families. In addition to various heraldic symbols, the table’s friezes depict gaming paraphernalia, thirteen musical instruments, and several music books, including a stacked score of a devotional song by Thomas Tallis: ‘O Lord, in thee is all my trust’. While there is thorough existing scholarship on what the Eglantine Table depicts, this article explores what can be inferred about the contemporary value of musical recreation from how meaning was produced in the table’s iconography using a ‘material approach’ to music as both an object and also a sounding body. This article demonstrates why recreation, including music-making, is defined most prominently by why people choose to engage in it and the human actions that make recreation happen. Viewed in this fresh light, the Eglantine Table, including its musical iconography and notation, offers insight into the meaning of musical recreation and the values that shaped domestic interiors, objects and social bonds in an early modern English aristocratic home.
Diagnosis, family screening, and treatment of inherited arrhythmogenic diseases in Europe: results of the European Heart Rhythm Association Survey
Authors: Conte Giulio , Scherr Daniel , Lenarczyk Radoslaw , Gandjbachkh Estelle , Boulé Stéphane , Spartalis Michael D , Behr Elijah R , Wilde Arthur , Potpara Tatjana 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The spectrum of inherited arrhythmogenic diseases (IADs) includes disorders without overt structural abnormalities (i.e. primary inherited arrhythmia syndromes) and structural heart diseases (i.e. arrhythmogenic ventricular cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy). The aim of this European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) survey was to evaluate current clinical practice and adherence to 2015 European Society of Cardiology Guidelines regarding the management of patients with IADs. A 24-item centre-based online questionnaire was presented to the EHRA Research Network Centres and the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Genetics Focus Group members. There were 46 responses from 20 different countries. The survey revealed that 37% of centres did not have any dedicated unit focusing on patients with IADs. Provocative drug challenges were widely used to rule-out Brugada syndrome (BrS) (91% of centres), while they were used in a minority of centres during the diagnostic assessment of long-QT syndrome (11%), early repolarization syndrome (12%), or catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (18%). While all centres advised family clinical screening with electrocardiograms for all first-degree family members of patients with IADs, genetic testing was advised in family members of probands with positive genetic testing by 33% of centres. Sudden cardiac death risk stratification was straightforward and in line with current guidelines for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, while it was controversial for other diseases (i.e. BrS). Finally, indications for ventricular mapping and ablation procedures in BrS were variable and not in agreement with current guidelines in up to 54% of centres.
The geriatric workforce in Romania: the need to improve data and management
Authors: Ungureanu Marius-Ionuţ , Brînzac Monica Georgiana , Forray Alina , Paina Ligia , Avram Lucreţia , Crișan Dana Alina , Donca Valer 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Facing severe under-funding and significant workforce maldistribution, the health system in Romania is challenged to provide adequate care for the ageing population. The aim of this article is to connect health labour market data of the geriatrics workforce in Romania with individual perceptions of front-line workers in geriatrics in order to better understand the ‘human’ factors of effective health workforce development. Comprehensive health workforce data are not available; we therefore used a rapid scoping review and interviews to combine quantitative and qualitative data sources, such as the ‘Healthcare Facility Activity Report’, policy documents and available reports. They show that despite a consistent increase in the overall number of geriatricians, their majority is based in Bucharest, the capital city. The initial review points to possible geriatrician burnout, caused in part by high workload. The geriatrics workforce in Romania is poorly developed. Significant efforts are still needed to create policies addressing inflows and outflows, training, maldistribution and inefficiencies related to their practice. Addressing burnout by improving teamwork and collaboration is vital for maintaining and improving the workforce morale and motivation. Two major policy recommendations emerged: an urgent need for better health workforce data in Romania and development of more effective workforce management.
‘A synergy model of health’: an integration of salutogenesis and the health assets model
Authors: Pérez-Wilson Patricia , Marcos-Marcos Jorge , Morgan Antony , Eriksson Monica , Lindström Bengt , Álvarez-Dardet Carlos 
Published: July 2020

Summary
This article proposes to advance the connections between salutogenic theory and assets models for health improvement. There is a need to integrate their use in public health and health promotion so that their respective potentials can be fully developed. This requires their synergies to be made more explicit so that a more coherent approach can be taken to their utilization. A mechanism is therefore needed that helps to raise awareness of them and their value as a resource together. Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory provides one framework that can support better integration of salutogenesis with the applied nature of assets-based models. This paper proposes a new ‘synergy model for health’ that integrates key concepts associated with salutogenic theory—generalized and specific resistance resources (GRRs/SRRs) and generalized and specific resistance deficits and the sense of coherence (SOC). In doing so, it highlights those GRRs and SRRs which are assets that, either individually or collectively, help to develop a stronger SOC. Higher levels of SOC can then support the transformations of potential resources into available assets (that people can understand, manage and make sense of), capable of producing positive health development. The proposed ‘Synergy model of health’ aims to contribute to a deeper theoretical understanding of health and development through the integration of the key elements of both salutogenesis and assets models. This can facilitate a better contextualization of the ideas into public health policy and practice by making the salutogenic theory more action-oriented and the assets model more theoretical.
The ethics of embryo donation: what are the moral similarities and differences of surplus embryo donation and double gamete donation?
Authors: Huele E H , Kool E M , Bos A M E , Fauser B C J M , Bredenoord A L 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTOver the years, the demand for ART with donated embryos has increased. Treatment can be performed using donated ‘surplus embryos’ from IVF treatment or with embryos intentionally created through so-called ‘double gamete donation’. Embryo donation is particularly sensitive because treatment results in the absence of a genetic link between the parent(s) and the child, creating complex family structures, including full genetic siblings living in another family in the case of surplus embryo donation. In this paper, we explore the ethical acceptability of embryo donation in light of the similarities and differences between surplus embryo donation and double gamete donation. We will argue that no overriding objections to either form of embryo donation exist. First of all, ART with donated embryos respects patients’ reproductive autonomy by allowing them to experience gestational parenthood. It also respects IVF patients’ reproductive autonomy by providing an additional option to discarding or donating surplus embryos to research. Second, an extensive body of empirical research has shown that a genetic link between parent and child is not a condition for a loving caring relationship between parent(s) and child. Third, the low moral status of a pre-implantation embryo signifies no moral duty for clinics to first use available surplus embryos or to prevent the development of (more) surplus embryos through double gamete donation. Fourth, there is no reason to assume that knowledge of having (full or half) genetically related persons living elsewhere provides an unacceptable impact on the welfare of donor-conceived offspring, existing children of the donors, and their respective families. Thus, patients and clinicians should discuss which form of ART would be suitable in their specific situation. To guarantee ethically sound ART with donated embryos certain conditions have to be met. Counselling of IVF patients should involve a discussion on the destination of potential surplus embryos. When counselling donors and recipient(s) a discussion of the significance of early disclosure of the child’s mode of conception, the implications of having children raised in families with whom they share no genetic ties, expectations around information-exchange and contact between donor and recipient families or genetically related siblings is warranted. Importantly, conclusions are mainly drawn from results of empirical studies on single gamete donation families. To evaluate the welfare of families created through surplus embryo donation or double gamete donation additional empirical research on these particular families is warranted.