bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kınanın Gizli Özneleri: Sağlık Söylemleri Altında Yatan Duyuların Belleği
Authors: DALAN POLAT Gözde 
Published: January 2020

Giriş: Bu araştırmada kınanın sağlık söylemleri altında
yatan duyuların belleği çalışılmak istenmiştir. Sağlık söylemleriyle örtülü
olan bu anlatıların altında, kişilerin kendine özgü kına ile ilgili duyuların
belleği yatmaktadır. Araştırma kına ile ilgili sağlık söylemlerinin içine
gizlenmiş olan duyu belleklerini çalışmaktadır. Yöntem: Bu araştırma, 2017 Nisan - 2019 Haziran yılları
arasında çeşitli aralıklarla yapılarak devam etmiştir. Araştırmada kınayı
sağlıklı bulduğu için saçlarına, el ve ayaklarına yakan ve bu yüzden gündelik
yaşamının bir parçası haline getirmiş olan on kadın ve dört erkekle
derinlemesine görüşme yapılmıştır. Saçlarına düzenli kına yakan iki kadın
katılımcımla birlikte, saçlarıma kına yakarak hem sağlık açısından olan
etkilerine bakılmış hem de bir ritüel olarak deneyimlenmiştir. Bir süre devamlı
uygulayarak katılımlı gözlem yapılmıştır. Aynı zamanda kınanın sağlık açısından
önemli olduğu vurgusunu yapan bir fitoterapistle derinlemesine
yapılandırılmamış görüşmede bulunulmuştur.Bulgular: Sağlık anlatılarının içine gizlenmiş olan
duyuların belleği, kendini kınanın kokusunda, renginde ve ritüelinde açığa
çıkarmaktadır. Maddi kültür öğesi olan kınanın, kokusu, rengi ve ritüelleri,
kişilere geçmişte yaşamış oldukları anılarını hatırlatmaktadır. Bu anılar,
onlara kendilerine iyi gelen bir takım duyguları hissettirmektedir. Kınayı
sağlıklı bulduğu için gündelik yaşamında sıklıkla kullanan bu kişiler, kınanın
kendilerine hatırlattığı bu duygu ve hisleri bedeninde cisimleştirmektedirler.
Ancak kişiler bunu bilinçli olarak değil; içselleştirilmiş bir sağlık davranışı
örüntüsü olarak gerçekleştirmektedirler. Bu
görüşmelerden çıkan bulgular, sağlık açısından kına yakmanın doğrudan tıbbi bir
iyileştirici etkisi inancının altında; kınaya yüklenen duyusal algıların güçlü
bir bağı olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bağın arka planında ise “kültürel bellek”
yatmaktadır. Bu durum, “duyuların
belleği” (the memory of the senses)
kavramı üzerinden söylem analizi yapılarak yorumlanmıştır. Kınanın ‘koku’sunun,
‘rengi’nin ve ‘dokusu’nun, kişilerin duyusal hafızasına kazınarak duygularına
nasıl yerleştiği ve bedenlerinde nasıl cisimleştiği, kişilerin sağlık
söylemleri üzerinden tartışılmıştır.

Sonuç: Dolayısıyla kına bazı durumlarda iyileştirici
olarak, tıbbi bir ilaç yerine geçen alternatif olmaktadır. Bu alternatifin
kendilerine hem ruhen hem de bedenen iyi geldiğini söylemektedirler.Düzeltme:https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/mutftd/issue/54355/707166
Опыт издания и ведения Красной книги Республики Коми
Authors: Дёгтева С. В. , Ермаков А. А. , Полшведкин Р. В. 
Published: January 2020

Выполнено обобщение опыта издания и ведения региональной Красной книги. В статье дана информация о планомерной большой работе специалистов биологов, направленной на сохранение редких видов в Республике Коми, начиная с 1980-х гг. Рассмотрена структура первого, второго и третьего изданий Красной книги Республики Коми. Раскрыты особенности критериев отнесения объектов растительного и животного мира к категориям статуса редкости видов. Приведены исчерпывающие сведения о числе видов, включенных в каждое из изданий Красной книги Республики Коми. Указаны причины исключения ряда видов из третьего издания Красной книги. Рассмотрена роль, которую играют объекты системы особо охраняемых природных территорий (ООПТ) Республики Коми в охране редких видов in situ. Проанализировано распространение редких видов вне ООПТ. Даны рекомендации по организации и совершенствованию сети ООПТ с целью охраны ландшафтов и местообитаний охраняемых таксонов. Обозначен ряд проблем нормативного, организационного и методологического характера, выявленный при подготовке третьего издания региональной Красной книги. Предложены способы их устранения.
Наследие Е.Н. Ивановой и его развитие в исследованиях почвоведов Республики Коми
Authors: Лаптева Е. М. , Шамрикова Е. В. , Перминова Е. М. 
Published: January 2020

Статья посвящена выдающемуся деятелю науки Евгении Николаевне Ивановой – основоположнику исследований почв Республики Коми. Кратким обзором последних научных достижений сотрудников Института биологии Коми НЦ УрО РАН показано развитие ее взглядов, изложенных в работе «Основные закономерности почвенного покрова трассы Северо-Печорской железной дороги».
Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Normal and Fibre Reinforced Concrete (Grade M15)
Authors: Bista Sagar , Airee Sagar , Dhital Shikshya , Poudel Srijan , Neupane Sujan 
Published: January 2020

Concrete is weak in tension, hence some measures must be adopted to overcome this deficiency as well as to enhance physical and other mechanical properties but in more convenient and economical method. Through many research from the past, it has been observed that addition of different types of fibres has been more effective for this purpose. This report presents the work undertaken to study the effect of steel and hay fibre on normal cement concrete of M-15 Grade on the basis of its mechanical properties which include compressive and tensile strength test and slump test as well. Although hay fibres are abundantly available in Nepal, no research have been popularly conducted here regarding the use of hay fibres in concrete and the changes brought by it on concrete’s mechanical properties. Experiments were conducted on concrete cubes and cylinders of standard sizes with addition of various percentages of steel and hay fibres i.e. 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% by weight of cement and results were compared with those of normal cement concrete of M-15 Grade. For each percentage of steel and hay fibre added in concrete, six cubes and six cylinders were tested for their respective mechanical properties at curing periods of 14 and 28 days. The results obtained show us that the optimum content of fibre to be added to M-15 grade of concrete is 0.5% steel fibre for compression and 0.5% hay fibre content for tension by weight of cement. Also, addition of steel and hay fibres enhanced the binding properties, micro cracking control and imparted ductility.
In addition to this, two residential buildings were modeled in SAP software, one with normal concrete and other with concrete containing 0.5% steel fibre. Difference in reinforcement requirements in each building was computed from SAP analysis and it was found that 489.736 Kg of reinforcement could be substituted by 158.036 kg of steel fibres and decrease in materials cost of building with 0.5% steel fibre reinforced concrete was found to be Rs. 32,100.
Comparison between Rhabdomyolysis Induced and Septic Acute Kidney Injury in Central Nepal
Authors: Sedhain Arun , Bhattarai Gandhi Raj , Shrestha Bidhan , Khan Amir 
Published: January 2020

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most serious complica­tions of rhabdomyolysis (RM). We studied the clinical manifestations and prognosis of rhabdomyolysis induced AKI and compared it with septic AKI among hospitalized patients.
Methods: A prospective study was conducted at Chitwan Medical College between January 2017 to June 2018 to compare AKI secondary to rhabdo­myolysis (RM-AKI) and sepsis (SA-AKI). AKI was diagnosed as per Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2012 guidelines. Rhabdomy­olysis was diagnosed if serum creatinine phosphokinase raised >5 times the upper limit of normal level and sepsis as an increase of two or more points in the Sequential Organ failure Assessment (SOFA) score with the evidence of infection.
Results: A total of 145 patients with AKI (21 with RM and 124 with sepsis) were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was 43.7 years with majority (54%) being males. Wasp bite and bee sting combined together (47.6%) were the most common causes for RM-AKI whereas pneumonia accounted for 46.6% of the septic AKI. Serum creatinine (SCr) at admission and at discharge were 3.8 and 1.4 mg/dL respectively in RM-AKI group; and 2.4 and 1.6 mg/dL in septic AKI group. Duration of stays in the hospital (9.2 versus 6.4 days) and ICU (4.2 versus 3.7 days) were longer in RM than in septic AKI. In hospital mortality was 4.8% in RM and 8.9% in septic AKI.
Conclusions: This study has found that, despite a longer duration of hospi­tal stay, RM-AKI had a lower in-hospital mortality than septic AKI.
Reproductive Health Status of Married Women Participating In Cervical Cancer Screening In Kathmandu
Authors: Sherpa Ang Tshering , Singh Neeti , Bajracharya Manisha , Pradhan Amita , Pradhan Peru 
Published: January 2020

Background: Reproductive health of women has been the central agenda of Cairo conference since its inception in 1999. As a signatory country for Cairo Conference, Nepal government is also committed for reproductive rights for Nepalese women. Despite this, reproductive health challenges do exist in Nepal. This prompted us to determine the reproductive health status of married women attending in cervical cancer screening in Kath­mandu.
Methods: Cross sectional study was designed to include retrospective data of married women, obtained during cervical cancer screening camp conducted by KIST Medical College at Laga Khala Clinic, Lagan, Kathmandu on 12-02- 2017. Among married women (131) attended cervical 100 wom­en’s records with complete set of data for reproductive health variables required for the study were included in this study. Statistical analysis was done descriptively.
Results: Participant’s age is between 21 years to 61 years, 83% are liter­ate and 46% are employed. Adolescence marriage and pregnancy were two main problems noted. Cervical examination in relation showed 3% (3) VIA positive, 33% (33) Cervicitis, 10% (10) cervical polyp, 7% (7) atrophic vaginitis, 4% (4) cervical erosion and 43% (43) healthy cervix. Regarding Knowledge about risk factor majority 92% (92) had either no knowledge or only some extent of knowledge.
Conclusions: Married women who lives in Kathmandu has significant re­productive health problem. Urban health program should address these issues.
Study On Clinical Profile of Patients Undergoing Abdominal Hysterectomy and Their Clinico-Pathological Correlation
Authors: Shrestha Sabita , Joshi Rakshya , Tamrakar Renuka , Sharma Basant 
Published: January 2020

Background: Hysterectomy is an effective treatment for a wide range of gynaecological diseases, both benign and malignant. There must be a pe­riodic audit for the appropriate indication of the surgery and its complica­tion rate. Histopathological analysis is mandatory for definitive diagnosis and further management. This study aims to review the clinical profile, indications of hysterectomy and to assess the correlation between the clinical diagnosis and histopathological report.
Methods: A retrospective study of all the patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gyne­cology, Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal from January to December 2018. Demographic and clinical informations were retrieved from the medical record section. Datas were entered in the pre-designed proforma. Statistical analysis was done in terms of percentages, standard deviation, correlation and mean.
Results: During the study period, 111 patients underwent abdominal hys­terectomy. The mean age of the patients was 46 years. The mean dura­tion of hospital stay was 8.7 days. Abnormal menstrual flow and pain ab­domen were the commonest presenting symptoms. The most common preoperative diagnosis was fibroid followed by ovarian tumor. Leiomyoma was the commonest lesion on histopathological examination. The correla­tion between clinical diagnosis and histopathology was 96.07% for fibroid, 80.95% for ovarian tumor, 66.67% for adenomyosis and 38.46% for DUB.
Conclusions: Fibroid uterus and ovarian mass are the common indications for abdominal hysterectomy. Histopathology is mandatory for confirming the diagnosis, proper counseling and holistic management of the patient.
Comparison between Mobile Camera and DSLR Camera Photography for the Evaluation of Shade of Anterior Teeth - A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shrestha Prabhat , Poudel Sabina 
Published: January 2020

Background: Color accuracy plays a major role in creating an esthetic prosthesis. Photos taken with DSLR cameras have been the most frequent means of recording and transferring the color of teeth. Mobile phone cameras are emerging as a popular alternative to DSLR cameras due to its convenience. Our aim was to compare the color difference (ΔE) between the pictures taken with DSLR cameras and mobile cameras with and with­out using flash.
Methods: Photos of right maxillary central incisors of patients (n=60) were taken with DSLR camera and mobile camera with and without using flash. The pictures were standardized with gray card and processed in Adobe Photoshop Lightroom CC software and the L*a*b* values of the pictures were compared to find the difference in color.
Results: The percentage of agreement (ΔE≤2.7) for the difference of color between DSLR camera and mobile phone cameras without using flash (ΔE1) was 3.3% and with using flash (ΔE2) was 1.7%. The coefficient of agreement (using Kappa coefficient) between (ΔE1) and (ΔE2) showed total disagreement (kappa value =-.02). The mean values of ΔE1 was (8.3±3.3) and ΔE2 was (7.23±2.4).
Conclusions: It was concluded that the color of mobile camera with or without using flash could not be considered as an acceptable method of recording color of teeth.
Correlation between 12-hour and 24-hour urine total protein in pregnant women with preeclampsia
Authors: Adhikari Shree Prasad , Pariyar Jewan 
Published: January 2020

Background: Although 24-hour urine total protein (UTP) measurement is the gold standard method for detecting proteinuria in preeclamptic women, the procedure is lengthy and time consuming that might result in delay in diagnosis of the condition. This study aimed at deter­mining the correlation between these 2 parameters.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done on 50 pregnant women with preeclamp­sia admitted at Bharatpur Hospital from September 2018 - January 2019. Patient with pre­eclampsia and having albumin ≥1 on urine dipstick, the sample was collected in every 12 hours interval on two separate well labeled container with the assistance of nursing staff. Total urine protein at 12-hour and 24-hour were measured by spectrophotometric method. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Correlation between the 2 measurements was analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. p<0.01 was considered to be statistically significant.
Results: The age of participants ranged between 20-38 years (Mean age: 26.6 years). The maximum occurrence of preeclampsia was observed in primigravid women and younger age group (between 20-25 years), 72% had mild preeclampsia and 28% developed severe preeclampsia. There was a significant correlation between 12-hour and 24-hour UTP (Spear­man’s r = 0.99, p<0.001).
Conclusions: There is a strong correlation between 12- and 24-hour urine total protein mea­surements in women with preeclampsia. 12-hour UTP can be used as an alternative for the assessment of proteinuria in these women, with benefits such as early diagnosis and better patient compliance.
Knowledge regarding attention deficit hyperactivity disorder of children among school teachers at Lalitpur
Authors: Bhattarai Lata , Sharma Mamata 
Published: January 2020

Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental disorders affecting children. ADHD knowledge among teachers helps managing such children. This study aimed to assess the knowledge regarding ADHD of children among school teachers at Lalitpur, Nepal.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 124 primary school teachers in 19 government schools of Lalitpur Metropolitan City. A standard tool “Knowl­edge of Attention Deficit Disorders Scale (KADDS)” was used, which is valid and reliable tool designed by Sciutto and colleagues. Data were collected from 2017/06/20 to 2017/07/20. Data were analyzed using descriptive (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (chi square test) for frequency distribution and association between levels of knowledge regarding ADHD with selected variables.
Results: Eighty-five (68.5%) female and 39 (31.5%) male teachers with the mean age 41.85 ± 8.80 years (range 18 to 58 years) were enrolled. Majority teachers were married (94.4%) and from urban area (75%) with bachelor’s degree (37.9%) as their educational qualification and 11 to 20 years of teaching experiences (42.74%). The significant influencing variables were educational qualification (p = 0.009), type of service (p = 0.018), teaching experiences (p = 0.002), in-service education on ADHD (p = 0.004) and experience with ADHD students (p = 0.001). The study showed that 94 (75.8%) teachers had poor knowledge.
Conclusions: It was concluded that three fourth of the teachers had poor knowledge about ADHD. Teachers knowledge will help to identify, refer and help in management of children with ADHD.
The burden of color vision defect in Nepal – an iceberg phenomenon
Authors: Khatri Anadi , K.C Bal Kumar , Gautam Sudhir , Kharel Muna 
Published: January 2020

Background: Color vision tests are routinely performed and are mandatory in most part of the world. However, in Nepal and many other developing countries, color vision may often be overlooked. We evaluated a possible burden of color vision in a group of patients who were specifically evaluated for a color vision defects. This study evalutes the awareness of color vision defect among the patients evaluated and highlights the importance of the color vision evaluation.
Methods: A sequential group of 73 people from August to September 2017 specifically evalu­ated for color vision defect for recruitment of government employment were evaluated. Ishi­harapseudo-isochromatic plates and Farnsworth-Munsell Dichotomous D-15 test were used for screening. Mean and Standard deviation were used for descriptive analysis of the data.
Results: Fifty-seven were male and sixteen were female. The mean age was 23 years (SD ± 3.7). On evaluation of the color vision defect, 9 (12.3%) were found to have total color vision defect (achromatopsia), 3 (4%)-red-green defect and 1(1%) with blue red defect. None of the patients had undergone color vision test at eye hospital previously. There were 4 patients who were registered drivers who had color vision defect.
Conclusions: Color vision is an important part of the vision. It should not be ignored.All of the patients evaluated were found to be unware of their condition. Early detection of color vision defects in individuals, if possible, at school level can help them to determine their careers and future endeavors at early stage.
Use of C-reactive protein level in diagnosis of tubercular pleural effusion
Authors: Pant Subash , Shrestha Sanjeet Krishna , Sharma Lucky , Shrestha Bibechana 
Published: January 2020

Background: C-reactive protein in both pleural fluid and serum has been found to be higher in tubercular pleural effusion than in other causes of pleural effusion.
Objectives: The main aim of this study was to find out the diagnostic value of C-reactive protein in patients withlymphocytic pleural effusion.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 90 patients with pleural effusion who underwent thoracocentesis at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. The complete biochemical tests of pleural fluid and serum were performed. The C-reactive protein concentrations of both pleural fluid and serum were then measured from samples from patients with lymphocytic exudative pleural effusion.
Results: Ninety patients with exudative lymphocytic pleural effusion were included. Male patients were 56 (62.2%) and female were 34 (37.8%) with the male to female ratio of 1.64. Mean age of the patients was 51±21.54 (Mean ± Standard Deviation). The pleural fluid C-reactive protein levels in tubercular pleural effusion were higher (48.87±24.19 mg/dl) compared to non-tubercular group (38.30±17 mg/dl; p<0.001). Similarly, the serum fluid C-reactive protein levels in tubercular pleural effusion were higher (29.60±13mg/dl) compared to non-tubercular group (18.14±9.2mg/dl; p< 0.001). The sensitivity of pleural fluid C-reactive protein level in diagnosing tubercular pleural effusion was 86%.
Conclusion: Simple and inexpensive test like C-reactive protein is useful in the diagnostic workup of lymphocytic pleural effusions. High C-reactive protein levels are very suggestive of tubercular pleural effusion.
Transthoracic echocardiography in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Shrestha Balaram , Gurung Dhiraj , Dhungel Sanjib 
Published: January 2020

Background: Evaluation of cardiac diseases in chronic kidney disease has been rarely investigated in Nepal.
Objectives: Objective of this study is to evaluate cardiac lesions in admitted chronic kidney disease patients.
Methodology: It is a prospective observational study of echocardiography of chronic kidney disease patients from April, 2007 to April, 2013 in Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital.
Results: One hundred chronic kidney disease patients were evaluated. Male to Female ratio was 1.8:1 and age ± SD was 46.3 ± 17.2 years. Forty eight percent of the chronic kidney disease patients had left ventricular hypertrophy. Patients with chronic kidney disease with left ventricular hypertrophy group had interventricular septum of 1.5 ± 0.3 cm vs. 1.1 ± 0.1 cm (p<0.0001) and posterior wall of 1.1 ± 0.2cm vs. 1.0 ± 0.1cm (p< 0.01) in comparison to chronic kidney disease without left ventricular hypertrophy. Forty one percent had left ventricular systolic dysfunction with left ventricular ejection fraction of 39 ± 9.9 %. Pulmonary arterial hypertension was noticed in 39% patients. Valvular regurgitant lesions were quite common (24.1%) usually as multivalvular lesions (4.4 lesions per patient). Mitral regurgitation was the commonest regurgitant lesion (81%).
Conclusion: Echocardiographic cardiac evaluation is useful to diagnose concomitant cardiac lesions for standard care of chronic kidney disease patients.
Use of levetiracetam in pediatric refractory status epilepticus
Authors: Shakya Kashyap Narsingh , Bhatta Anwesh , Phuyal Samjhana , Yadav Arbind 
Published: January 2020

Refractory status epilepticus, with persistence of seizures despite initial intravenous benzodiazepine and one secondline intravenous antiepileptic drug occurs in nine percent to 44% of the patients with status epilepticus. Aggressive treatment is needed to control such seizures with drug refractoriness. A case of a 2-year-old boy treated with intravenous levetiracetam with cessation of seizures, averting the need for general anesthesia is reported. Option of using levetiracetam in refractory status epilepticus is suggested.