bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Rapid Response Teams to Reduce Failure to Rescue Events: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hall Kendall K. , Lim Andrea , Gale Bryan 
Published: August 2020

Objective
The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the evidence on the impact of rapid response teams (RRTs) on failure to rescue events.

Methods
Systematic searches were conducted using CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and Cochrane, for articles published from 2008 to 2018. English-language, peer-reviewed articles reporting the impact of RRTs on failure to rescue events, including hospital mortality and in-hospital cardiac arrest events, were included. For selected articles, the authors abstracted information, with the study designed to be compliant with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Results
Ten articles were identified for inclusion: 3 meta-analyses, 3 systematic reviews, and 4 single studies. The systematic reviews and meta-analyses were of moderate-to-high quality, limited by the methodological quality of the included individual studies. The single studies were both observational and investigational in design. Patient outcomes included hospital mortality (8 studies), in-hospital cardiac arrests (9 studies), and intensive care unit (ICU) transfer rates (5 studies). There was variation in the composition of RRTs, and 4 studies conducted subanalyses to examine the effect of physician inclusion on patient outcomes.

Conclusions
There is moderate evidence linking the implementation of RRTs with decreased mortality and non-ICU cardiac arrest rates. Results linking RRT to ICU transfer rates are inconclusive and challenging to interpret. There is some evidence to support the use of physician-led teams, although evaluation of team composition was variable. Lastly, the benefits of RRTs may take a significant period after implementation to be realized, owing to the need for change in safety culture.
The Use of Patient Monitoring Systems to Improve Sepsis Recognition and Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gale Bryan M. , Hall Kendall K. 
Published: August 2020

Introduction
The aim of this systematic review was to determine the impact of automated patient monitoring systems (PMSs) on sepsis recognition and outcomes.

Methods
Systematic searches were conducted using CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Cochrane, for articles published from 2008 through 2018. English-language, peer-reviewed articles that reported the impact of PMS on sepsis care were included. For selected articles, the authors abstracted information, with the study designed to be compliant with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Results
Nineteen articles were identified for inclusion: 4 systematic reviews and 15 individual studies. Study design and quality varied, with some randomized controlled trials and quasiexperimental studies, as well as many observational studies. Study results for outcome measures (e.g., mortality, intensive care unit [ICU] length of stay, ICU transfer) were mixed, with more than half of the studies showing a significant improvement in at least one measure. Evidence for process measure (e.g., time to antibiotic administration, lactate measurement, etc.) improvement was of moderate strength across multiple types of hospital units, and evidence was most consistent outside the ICU.

Conclusions
Automated sepsis PMSs have the potential to improve sepsis recognition and outcomes, but current evidence is mixed on their effectiveness. More high-quality studies are needed to understand the effects of PMSs on important sepsis-related process and outcome measures in different hospital units.
Application of Digital Subtraction Angiography in Reconstruction of Plantar Forefoot With Reverse Medial Plantar Flap
Authors: Cang Zheng-Qiang , Xu Yuan , Wang Min , Xu Meng-Nan , Yuan Si-Ming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The reverse medial plantar flap (RMPF) raised from the nonweight-bearing region of the plantar foot represents a viable option for the soft tissue defect in planter forefoot. The anatomical basis of RMPF is the complex anastomotic branches between medial plantar artery (MPA) and deep plantar arch. Those anastomotic branches have high variation rate and may be damaged by trauma such as electric injury. Therefore, it is very important to know whether those anastomotic branches are present and intact before harvesting RMPF. Five patients with soft tissue defect in planter forefoot were enrolled into the study. The digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed to evaluate the plantar hemodynamics in the ipsilateral foot. The RMPF was harvested only after the anastomotic connections between MPA and deep plantar arch was confirmed. Anastomosis between superficial branch of MPA and deep plantar arch was observed in all DSA examinations. All 5 patients received the repair of soft tissue defect in plantar forefoot with RMPF. All flaps survived completely. The DSA can effectively evaluate the blood supply basis of RMPF and provide imaging evidence for the design and harvest of the flap. The main anatomical basis of RMPF is the anastomotic connections between superficial branch of MPA and deep plantar arch.
Factors Associated with Disparities in Appropriate Statin Therapy in an Outpatient Inner City Population
Authors: Suero-Abreu Giselle A. , Karatasakis Aris , Rashid Sana , Tysarowski Maciej , Douglas Analise Y. , Patel Richa , Siddiqui Emaad , Bhardwaj Aishwarya , Gerula Christine M. , Matassa Daniel 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionAppropriate lipid-lowering therapies are essential for the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The aim of this study is to identify discrepancies between cholesterol management guidelines and current practice in an underserved population, with a focus on statin treatment.MethodsWe reviewed the records of 1,042 consecutive patients seen between August 2018 and August 2019 in an outpatient academic primary care clinic. Eligibility for statin and other lipid-lowering therapies was determined based on the 2018 American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology (AHA/ACC) guideline on the management of blood cholesterol.ResultsAmong 464 statin-eligible patients, age was 61.1 ± 10.4 years and 53.9% were female. Most patients were Black (47.2%), followed by Hispanic (45.7%), and White (5.0%). Overall, 82.1% of patients were prescribed a statin. Statin-eligible patients who qualified based only on a 10-year ASCVD risk > 7.5% were less likely to be prescribed a statin (32.8%, p<0.001). After adjustment for gender and health insurance status, appropriate statin treatment was associated with age > 55 years (OR = 4.59 [95% CI 1.09 - 16.66], p = 0.026), hypertension (OR = 2.38 [95% CI 1.29 - 4.38], p = 0.005) and chronic kidney disease (OR = 3.95 [95% CI 1.42 - 14.30], p = 0.017). Factors independently associated with statin undertreatment were Black race (OR = 0.42 [95% CI 0.23 - 0.77], p = 0.005), and statin- eligibility based solely on an elevated 10-year ASCVD risk (OR = 0.14 [95% CI 0.07 - 0.25], p < 0.001). Hispanic patients were more likely to be on appropriate statin therapy when compared to Black patients (86.8% vs 77.2%).ConclusionStatin underprescription is seen in approximately one out of five eligible patients, and is independently associated with Black race, younger age, fewer comorbidities, and eligibility via 10-year ASCVD risk only. Hispanic patients are more likely to be on appropriate statin therapy compared to Black patients.
G protein subunit gamma 4 expression has potential of detection, prediction, and therapeutic target for liver metastasis of gastric cancer
Authors: Tanaka Haruyoshi , Kanda Mitsuro , Miwa Takashi , Umeda Shinichi , Sawaki Koichi , Tanaka Chie , Kobayashi Daisuke , Hayashi Masamichi , Yamada Suguru , Nakayama Goro , Koike Masahiko , Kodera Yasuhiro 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTLiver metastasis of gastric cancer is the most common for hematogenous metastases and so fatal, that the identification of novel markers and targets for therapy are crucial. We conducted transcriptome analyses between synchronous liver metastasis, primary tumor, and adjacent tissues from four patients with metastasis confined to the liver to discover thatGNG4upregulated substantially in primary gastric cancer tissues. Quantitative RT-qPCR assay for 300 gastric cancer patients revealed that higher levels ofGNG4in primary cancer were associated with shorter overall survival and a higher risk of liver recurrence. The oncogenic phenotypes ofGNG4were determined by knockout and forced expression ofGNG4. Tumor formation byGNG4knockout cells was more strikingly attenuated in a liver metastasis mouse model compared with a subcutaneous model.GNG4is a candidate for a therapeutic target for liver metastasis, and its expression may enable us to provide better disease monitoring for liver metastasis.
The influence of climate factors on COVID-19 transmission in Malaysia: An autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model
Authors: Naing Cho , Ni Han , Aung Htar Htar , Chan Elaine , Mak Joon Wah 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundA unique concern pertaining to the spread of COVID-19 across countries is the asymmetry of risk and the irrational fear of a new pandemic and its possible serious consequences. This study aimed to perform a time series analysis on the association between climate factors and daily cases of COVID-19 in Malaysia up to 15 July 2020. The second objective was to predict daily new cases using a forecasting technique. To address within-country variations, the analysis was extended to the state level with Sarawak state as an example.Methodology/Principal FindingsDatasets on the daily confirmed cases and climate variables in Malaysia and Sarawak state were obtained from publicly accessible official websites. A descriptive analysis was performed to characterize all the important variables over the study period. An autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was introduced using daily cases as the dependent variable and climate parameters as the explanatory variables.For Malaysia, the findings suggest that, ceteris paribus, the number of COVID-19 cases decreased with increasing average temperature (p=0.003) or wind speed (p=0.029). However, none of the climate parameters showed a significant relationship with the number of COVID-19 cases in Sarawak state. Forecasts from the ARIMA models showed that new daily COVID-19 cases had already reached the outbreak level and a decreasing trend in both settings. Holding other parameters constant, a small number of new cases (approximately a single digit) is a probable second wave in Sarawak state,Conclusions/SignificanceThe findings suggest that climate parameters and forecasts are helpful for reducing the uncertainty in the severity of future COVID-19 transmission. A highlight is that forecasts will be a useful tool for making decisions and taking the appropriate interventions to contain the spread of the virus in the community.
Utility of gene tumor expression ofVEGF, FOXM1*3andCD-133on diagnosis and prognosis of brain gliomas
Authors: Feria-Romero Iris Angélica , Nettel-Rueda Bárbara , Rodríguez-Florido Marco Antonio , Félix-Espinoza Ignacio , Castellanos-Pallares Luis , Cienfuegos-Meza Jesús , Orozco-Suárez Sandra , Chavez Jesús A. , Escamilla-Nuñez Consuelo , Guinto Gerardo , Márquez-González Horacio , Rodea-Ávila Carlos , Grijalva Israel 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis paper seeks to quantify the normalized expression of transcriptsFOXM1*3, VEGF, CD133, andMGMTand their relation with the histopathological and molecular diagnosis and with the probability of estimating tumor progression-free survival of gliomas.MethodsA cohort of patients was made up of patients aged over 18 years with a histological and molecular diagnosis of gliomas from the year 2011 to 2018. The patients had a complete tumor resection. Patients with high-grade glioma received adjuvant management (temozolamide and radiotherapy). Clinical and imaging follow-up was carried out periodically to identify the time of progression free survival (PFS).ResultsNinety-one patients (age range, 18–85 years) comprised the study cohort with a predominance of males. The expression ofFOXM1*3, VEGF, andCD133allowed the differentiation of astrocytomas grade II from GBM. ROC curves proved statistically significant in the GBM model (p< 0.05), demonstrating greatest sensitivity withFOXM1*3(91%), and greatest specificity withVEGF(93%). The age-adjusted Cox multivariate model established that a PFS50%of 25 months corresponds to a median value of 5.3 forVEGFand 0.42 for CD133.ConclusionsThe normalized expression of transcripts FOXM1*3, VEGF, andCD133allow us to estimate the probability of PFS, especially in gliomas grades II and IV; likewise, their overexpression defines the diagnosis of GBM.AuthorshipSubstantial contributions to conception and design (IAFR, BNR, MARF, GG, IG), acquisition of data (IAFR, BNR, MARF, IFE, LCP, JCM, SOS, JAC, CRA), analysis and interpretation of data (IAFR, BNR, MARF, JCM, SOS, CEN, HMG, IG).Drafting the article (IAFR, BNR, MARF, IFE, LCP, SOS, JAC, IG), revising it critically for important intellectual content (IAFR, JCM, CEN, GG, HMG, CRA, IG)Final approval of the version to be published (IAFR, BNR, MARF, IFE, LCP, JCM, SOS, JAC, CEN, GG, HMG, CRA, IG).
Behavioral preventive measures and the use of medicines and herbal products among the public in response to Covid-19 in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ahmed Iftekhar , Hasan Maruf , Akter Rahima , Sarkar Bidduth Kumar , Rahman Marufa , Sarker Md Samun , Samad Mohammed A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe present study was conducted to assess the behavioral preventive measures and the use of medicines and herbal foods/products among the public in response to Covid-19. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 27 June to 20 July 2020, and 1222 people participated. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to identify the differences in behavioral preventive practices across different demographic categories. To identify the factors associated with the use of preventive medicines and herbal foods/products, multivariable logistic regression was performed. Most participants adopted the recommended preventive practices such as washing hands more frequently (87.5%), staying home more often (85.5%), avoiding crowds (86%), and wearing masks (91.6%). About half of the smokers reported a decreased rate of smoking during the pandemic. Also, 14.8% and 57.6% of the participants took medicines and herbal foods/products as preventive measures against Covid-19. Arsenicum album and Zinc supplements were the most commonly used preventive medicines. Gender, age, and fear of Covid-19 were significantly associated with the use of both preventive medicines and herbal products. For the management of Covid-19 related symptoms, Paracetamols, Fexofenadine, and Zinc supplements were used most often. Most participants sought information from non-medical sources while using medicines and herbal products. Moreover, potentially inappropriate and unnecessary use of drugs were identified.
Development and psychometric properties of the Japanese Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Clinician & Group Survey (CG-CAHPS)
Authors: Aoki Takuya , Taguchi Kuichiro , Hama Eiichi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Clinician & Group Survey (CG-CAHPS) is one of the most widely studied and endorsed patient experience measures for ambulatory care. This study aimed to develop a Japanese CG-CAHPS and examine its psychometric properties. We evaluated the structural validity, criterion-related validity, and internal consistency reliability of the scale. Data were analyzed for 674 outpatients aged 18 years or older in 11 internal medicine clinics. The confirmatory factor analysis supported the scale’s structural validity and the same four composites (Access, Provider Communication, Care Coordination, and Office Staff) as that of the original CG-CAHPS. All provider-level Pearson correlation coefficients between the Japanese CG-CAHPS composites and overall provider rating exceeded the criteria. Results of item-total correlations and Cronbach’s alpha indicated adequate internal consistency reliability. We developed the Japanese CG-CAHPS as a valid and reliable scale to measure the quality of ambulatory care based on patient experience. The results of the Japanese CG-CAHPS survey will provide useful information to providers, organizations, and policy makers for achieving a patient-centered healthcare system in Japan.
COVID-19 Transmission Dynamics in India with Extended SEIR Model
Authors: Reddy Brahmatheja Reddy Mali , Singh Anuj , Srivastava Pradeep 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIndia is one of the most harshly affected countries due to COVID epidemic. Early implementation of lockdown protocols were useful to control certain parameters of transmission dynamics, but the numbers are consistently increasing in later months. India’s population is divided into different clusters on the basis of population density and population mobility, even varying resource availability and since the recent cases are coming from throughout the country, it allows us to model an overall average of the country. In this study, we try to prove the efficiency of using the SEIR epidemiological model for different rate study analysis for COVID epidemic in India. Along with it we derived newer components for better forecast of the pandemic in India. We found that there is a decrease in R0 value, but still the epidemic is not under control. The percentage of infected patients being admitted into ICU for critical care is around 9.986%, while the chances of recovery of critical patients being admitted to the ICU seem to be slim at 79.9% of the admitted being dead.
Universal PCR and antibody testing demonstrate little to no transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a rural community
Authors: Appa Ayesha , Takahashi Saki , Rodriguez-Barraquer Isabel , Chamie Gabriel , Sawyer Aenor ,   CLIAHUB Consortium, Duarte Elias , Hakim Jill , Turcios Keirstinne , Vinden Joanna , Janson Owen , Manglik Aashish , Peluso Michael J. , Deeks Steven G. , Henrich Timothy J. , Torres Leonel , Rodgers Mary , Hackett John , Chiu Charles , Havlir Diane , Greenhouse Bryan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe absence of systematic surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 has curtailed accurate appraisal of transmission intensity. Our objective was to perform case detection of an entire rural community to quantify SARS-CoV-2 transmission using PCR and antibody testing.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of the prevalence and cumulative incidence of SARSCoV-2 infection in the rural town of Bolinas, California (population 1,620), four weeks following shelter-in-place orders. Residents and county essential workers were tested between April 20th – 24th, 2020. Prevalence by PCR and seroprevalence combining data from two forms of antibody testing were performed in parallel (Abbott ARCHITECT IgG to nucleocapsid protein and in-house IgG ELISA to the receptor binding domain).ResultsOf 1,891 participants, 1,312 were confirmed Bolinas residents (>80% community ascertainment). Zero participants were PCR positive. Assuming 80% sensitivity, it would have been unlikely to observe these results (p< 0.05) if there were > 3 active infections in the community. Based on antibody results, estimated prevalence of prior infection was 0.16% (95% CrI: 0.02%, 0.46%). Seroprevalence estimates using only one of the two tests would have been higher, with greater uncertainty. The positive predictive value (PPV) of a positive result on both tests was 99.11% (95% CrI: 95.75%, 99.94%), compared to PPV 44.19%-63.32% (95% CrI range 3.25%-98.64%) if only one test was utilized.ConclusionsFour weeks following shelter-in-place, active and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection in a rural Northern California community was extremely rare. In this low prevalence setting, use of two antibody tests increased the PPV and precision of seroprevalence estimates.
Causal Factors of Effective Psychosocial Outcomes in Online Mental Health Communities
Authors: Saha Koustuv , Sharma Amit 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOnline mental health communities enable people to seek and provide support, and growing evidence shows the efficacy of community participation to cope with mental health distress. However, what factors of peer support lead to favorable psychosocial outcomes for individuals is less clear. Using a dataset of over 300K posts by∼39K individuals on an online community TalkLife, we present a study to investigate the effect of several factors, such as adaptability, diversity, immediacy, and the nature of support. Unlike typical causal studies that focus on the effect of each treatment, we focus on the outcome and address thereversecausal question of identifying treatments that may have led to the outcome, drawing on case-control studies in epidemiology. Specifically, we define the outcome as an aggregate of affective, behavioral, and cognitive psychosocial change and identifyCase(most improved) andControl(least improved) cohorts of individuals. Considering responses from peers as treatments, we evaluate the differences in the responses received byCaseandControl, per matched clusters of similar individuals. We find that effective support includes complex language factors such as diversity, adaptability, and style, but simple indicators such as quantity and immediacy are not causally relevant. Our work bears methodological and design implications for online mental health platforms, and has the potential to guide suggestive interventions for peer supporters on these platforms.
Design of a highly thermotolerant, immunogenic SARS-CoV-2 spike fragment immunogen
Authors: Malladi Sameer Kumar , Singh Randhir , Pandey Suman , Gayathri Savitha , Kanjo Kawkab , Ahmed Shahbaz , Khan Mohammad Suhail , Kalita Parismita , Girish Nidhi , Upadhyaya Aditya , Reddy Poorvi , Pramanick Ishika , Bhasin Munmun , Mani Shailendra , Bhattacharyya Sankar , Joseph Jeswin , Thankamani Karthika , Raj V. Stalin , Dutta Somnath , Singh Ramandeep , Nadig Gautham , Varadarajan Raghavan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractVirtually all SARS-CoV-2 vaccines currently in clinical testing are stored in a refrigerated or frozen state prior to use. This is a major impediment to deployment in resource-poor settings. Several use viral vectors or mRNA. In contrast to protein subunit vaccines, there is limited manufacturing expertise for these novel, nucleic acid based modalities, especially in the developing world. Neutralizing antibodies, the clearest known correlate of protection against SARS-CoV-2, are primarily directed against the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the viral spike protein. We describe a monomeric, glycan engineered RBD protein fragment that is expressed at a purified yield of 214mg/L in unoptimized, mammalian cell culture and in contrast to a stabilized spike ectodomain, is tolerant of exposure to temperatures as high as 100°C when lyophilized, upto 70°C in solution and stable for over four weeks at 37°C. In prime:boost guinea pig immunizations, when formulated with the MF59 like adjuvant AddaVax™, the RBD derivative elicited neutralizing antibodies with an endpoint geometric mean titer of ~415 against replicative virus, comparing favourably with several vaccine formulations currently in the clinic. These features of high yield, extreme thermotolerance and satisfactory immunogenicity suggest that such RBD subunit vaccine formulations hold great promise to combat COVID-19.