bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal expressions of positive emotion for children predicts children’s respiratory sinus arrhythmia surrounding stress
Authors: Delgadillo Desiree , Boparai Sameen , Pressman Sarah D. , Goldstein Alison , Bureau Jean‐François , Schmiedel Sabrina , Backer Mumtaz , Broekman Birit , Hian Tan Kok , Chong Yap‐Seng , Chen Helen , Zalta Alyson K. , Meaney Michael J. , Rifkin‐Graboi Anne , Tsotsi Stella , Borelli Jessica L. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study is to assess whether positive emotional exchanges (i.e., emotion coregulation) within the mother–child dyad play a protective role in children's physiological response to a distressing task. Specifically, we test whether positive emotion coregulation among mothers and their preschool‐aged children is associated with children's respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) at baseline, during, and following a frustration task. One hundred Singaporean mother–child dyads (Mchildage = 3.5 years) participated in a standardized “Laughing Task” in which positive emotional constructs were measured. Children also participated in a frustration task while RSA was continuously monitored. Hierarchical linear regressions revealed that greater maternal positive emotional responses to children were associated with child RSA at baseline and in recovery from frustration, but not during frustration. These findings have implications for the important role that positive emotion responsivity from mothers may play in children's developing autonomic response systems, and underscore the need for longitudinal work on this topic.
Development of a sensitive and reliable ELISA kit of urinary haptoglobin to predict progress of diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Zheng Xiao‐Min , Yang Fang‐Yuan , Chen Xing , Yang Yan‐Hui , Zhu Xiao‐Rong , Chen Chen , Yang Jin‐Kui 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAimsUrinary haptoglobin (UHp) is a potential biomarker for predicting progress of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) to remedy the defects of currently used urinary albumin. The clinical application of UHp is however limited, owing to the extremely low level in urine. This study aims to establish an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit specifically for detecting UHp in urine samples of patients with diabetes and DKD.Materials and MethodsSupersensitive human haptoglobin antibodies were generated for ELISA kit development, and the sensitivity, specificity and reproducibility of the kit was evaluated. This kit was used to detect UHp in 246 healthy individuals and 83 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The interference of blood haptoglobin genotypes on UHp measurement was analysed.ResultsThe UHp ELISA kit had a standard curve ranging from 5 to 200 ng/ml. The low detection limit was 0.11 ng/ml. The coefficients of variation of intra‐ and interassay were 5.5% and 8.3%, respectively. The kit showed high accuracy with 100.9% mean recovery rate, and linearity R2 = 0.999. The reference range of UHp was 0–42.3 ng/g creatinine (0–Q95) in the healthy individuals. UHp level was significantly higher in T2D patients with microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria than that in T2D without microalbuminuria (p < 0.01). The UHp concentration measured by this kit was not affected by haptoglobin genotypes.ConclusionsWe have generated an ELISA kit to accurately detect UHp levels, which is potentially a reliable biomarker of DKD.
Alien and native tree species having extrafloral nectaries as favorite hunting area for arboreal endemic Philippine tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae) in human‐disturbed habitat in Lanao del Sur Province, Mindanao, Philippines
Authors: Marohomsalic Jalanie S. , Macas Nuñeza Olga , Michalski Marek , Wiesner Jürgen , Jaskuła Radomir 
Published: January 2021

AbstractTo document a relation between abundance of arboreal, predatory tiger beetles, their ant prey, and extrafloral nectaries attracting the ants, we gathered data from more than 10 species of native and introduced trees and large, tree‐like perennial plants in Lanao del Sur Province, Mindanao, Philippines. All specimens of tiger beetles (two Tricondyla and two Neocollyris species, all endemic to the country) were noted on five tree species characterized by presence of extrafloral nectaries, including three alien/invasive and two native ones. Invasive Spathodea campanulata and native Hibiscus tiliaceus were the most inhabited ones (respectively, 56% and 19% of beetles). Presence of tiger beetles on these trees most probably depends on high abundance of ants, which are typical prey for arboreal Cicindelidae, while occurrence of ants can result from presence of extrafloral nectaries on different parts of the plants. This suggests a new mutualistic insect–plant interaction between native and invasive species.
Associations between biased threat interpretations, fear and avoidance of pain and pain‐linked disability in adolescent chronic pain patients
Authors: Atkinson‐Jones K. , Jacobs K. , Lau J.Y.F. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundBiased interpretations of ambiguous bodily threat situations characterize youth with chronic pain, and have been associated with functional disability for this population. Despite predictions by the fear‐avoidance model of chronic pain, that fear and avoidance of pain explain the association between threat perceptions and disability, this has not yet been explored in youth with chronic pain. This study aimed to address this gap by investigating these proposed relationships, in addition to the association between bodily threat interpretations and daily aspects of disability (as well as social, and emotional impairments).MethodSixty‐eight adolescents aged 11–18 years old with a clinical diagnosis of chronic pain completed an extended version of the Adolescent Interpretations of Bodily Threat task to assess interpretations of bodily and social threat situations, alongside measures of disability and fear and avoidance of pain.ResultsUsing mediation analysis, fear and avoidance of pain statistically accounted for the relationship between negative bodily threat interpretations and functional disability. Significant associations were also demonstrated between negative bodily threat interpretations and adolescent‐reported impairments in daily, emotional and social impairments. Data revealed a significant relationship between negative social interpretations and daily functional disability.ConclusionsFindings indicate the clinical relevance of bodily and social threat interpretations, and fear and avoidance of pain, for this population and raise further questions regarding the content‐specificity of threat interpretations.SignificancePsychological theories of pain‐associated impact and disability point to fear and avoidance of pain, as well as information‐processing biases. Here, we present novel data showing the clinical relevance of bodily and social threat interpretations in explaining pain‐related disability amongst youth with chronic pain, potentially by shaping fear and avoidance of pain. Longitudinal designs will be required to assess these temporally sensitive mediation pathways.
Thermodynamic approach to estimating reactions and stoichiometric coefficients of anaerobic glucose and hydrogen utilization
Authors: Wresta Arini , Widyarani Rani , Boopathy Ramaraj , Setiadi Tjandra 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAnaerobic digestion plays an important role in the gastrointestinal tract and in organic waste treatment. Thermodynamic analysis based on the reaction Gibbs free energy can be used to predict the favorability of some reactions occurring during anaerobic digestion. In this study, we used a thermodynamic approach to evaluating reactions and stoichiometric coefficients of the anaerobic process of in vitro rumen microbiota. The favorability of glucose, butyrate, propionate, and hydrogen utilizations was analyzed by calculating the Gibbs free energy change of each reaction. A previously published Gibbs free energy dissipation method was also used to calculate stoichiometric coefficients of the total metabolism reaction of glucose and hydrogen utilization. For glucose utilization in which the metabolism follows several different pathways, the fraction of glucose following each pathway is estimated by considering the number of electron transfer attributed throughout the catabolism reaction. Glucose utilization always occurs in the system, and the syntrophic correlation among butyrate, propionate, and hydrogen utilizations run well with propionate utilization following the alternative pathway that yields lower hydrogen. The approach applied in this research significantly reduces the stoichiometric coefficients that must be predicted in kinetic modeling. To verify the calculation result, the yield coefficients obtained were then applied in the previous mechanistic model of in vitro rumen microbiota, and the results were compared to the experimental data from literature.
A new effective stress method for nonlinear site response analyses
Authors: Chen Guoxing , Wang Yanzhen , Zhao Dingfeng , Zhao Kai , Yang Jun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA generic loosely coupled effective stress method is presented in this article for one‐, two‐ and three‐ dimensional (1D, 2D and 3D) nonlinear site response analyses. In this method, the 1D non‐Masing hysteretic constitutive model of Chen et al (2020) is extended into 2D and 3D stress conditions, by presenting a clever generalized formulation of equivalent shear strain (γeq). The element‐level simulation tests show that the proposed algorithm of γeq is conceptually simple with high precision to capture the strain reversals under complex multidirectional shakings. The coupling between the cyclic stiffness degradation and the excess pore water pressure (EPWP) generation during irregular cyclic loadings is established using the proposed algorithm of γeq in conjunction with the Chen et al (2019a) EPWP generation model and the extended non‐Masing hysteretic constitutive model. The simulations of the undrained cyclic triaxial tests using the new effective stress method reproduce excellently the observed response of the saturated sand specimens, demonstrating the ability to represent the undrained behavior of liquefiable sands during uniform cyclic loadings. The new effective stress method is then used to simulate the response of a downhole array liquefied site in Japan, which shows an excellent agreement between the simulations and the recordings in both horizontal and vertical components of ground motions at different depths.
Quartzite procurement in conglomerates and deposits: Geoarchaeological characterization of potential catchment areas in the central part of the Cantabrian Region, Spain
Authors: Prieto Alejandro , Yusta Iñaki , García‐Rojas Maite , Arrizabalaga Alvaro , Baena Preysler Javier 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRaw material characterization in Paleolithic archaeology has widened our knowledge of Middle Paleolithic societies. Procurement of raw material, specifically flint, has allowed the tracing of the mobility of both stones and people, as well as selective processes to obtain specific types or even extraction activities. The analysis of quartzite has also developed in recent years, providing an opportunity to better understand prehistoric societies. This study characterizes the procurement strategies implemented by Middle Paleolithic people in the mountainous region of the Picos de Europa. To this end, we present a comprehensive characterization of potential catchment areas: massive outcrops, conglomerates, and river deposits. The exploitation of quartzite at the sites of El Habario and El Arteu allows us to understand the territorial management of this mountainous area through the combination of selective processes and mobility mechanisms in lower and middle altitudes. These perspectives enable us to view the mountainous region not as a barrier but as an environmental mosaic managed by Middle Paleolithic groups. This study shows strategies that bring together direct and embedded procurement based on both intensive and extensive searches. These discourses are more closely related to the daily life of people than those only considering the mobility of people and objects.
Factors affecting upper airway control of NSAID‐exacerbated respiratory disease: A real‐world study of 167 patients
Authors: Lyly Annina , Laulajainen‐Hongisto Anu , Turpeinen Heikki , Vento Seija I. , Myller Jyri , Numminen Jura , Sillanpää Saara , Sahlman Johanna , Kauppi Paula , Toppila‐Salmi Sanna 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundNonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) exacerbated respiratory disease (N‐ERD) is a triad with asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and NSAID intolerance. Uncontrolled N‐ERD forms a major public health problem due to frequent and difficult‐to‐treat exacerbations and/or requiring putatively frequent endoscopic sinus surgeries (ESS). Our aim was to study factors affecting control of N‐ERD.MethodsRetrospective patient record data (patient characteristics, prior sinus surgeries, follow‐up data in 2020) from 167 N‐ERD patients undergoing consultation at three tertiary hospitals from 2001 to 2017 was used. Outcome measurements reflecting uncontrolled N‐ERD were revision ESS, corticosteroids/biological therapy, and antibiotic courses during 2016–2020. Associations were analyzed by using nonparametric tests, Cox's proportional hazard, and binary logistic regression models.ResultsNasal polyp eosinophilia increased the risk of revision surgery during the follow‐up (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 3.21, confidence interval 1.23–8.38). Also baseline oral corticosteroids (OCS; HR, 1.73, 1.04–2.89) and baseline surgery without total ethmoidectomy increased the risk of revision ESS (HR, 2.17, 1.07–4.42) in unadjusted models. In addition, both baseline OCS (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.78, 1.23–6.26) and a history of ≥4 previous ESS (aOR, 2.15, 0.98–4.70) were associated with the use of OCS/biological therapy during the follow‐up, but not with high number of antibiotics.ConclusionsNasal polyp eosinophilia, baseline OCS, and a history of recurrent ESS predict uncontrolled N‐ERD. These factors might be clinically useful in risk‐estimation of uncontrolled disease and for organizing follow‐ups. Prospective cohort studies with larger sample size are needed to further study the factors affecting the upper airway control of N‐ERD.
Exploring the structural basis and atomistic binding mechanistic of the selective antagonist blockade at D3 dopamine receptor over D2 dopamine receptor
Authors: Appiah‐Kubi Patrick , Olotu Fisayo Andrew , Soliman Mahmoud E. S. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMore recently, there has been a paradigm shift toward selective drug targeting in the treatment of neurological disorders, including drug addiction, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease mediated by the different dopamine receptor subtypes. Antagonists with higher selectivity for D3 dopamine receptor (D3DR) over D2 dopamine receptor (D2DR) have been shown to attenuate drug‐seeking behavior and associated side effects compared to non‐subtype selective antagonists. However, high conservations among constituent residues of both proteins, particularly at the ligand‐binding pockets, remain a challenge to therapeutic drug design. Recent studies have reported the discovery of two small‐molecules R‐VK4‐40 and Y‐QA31 which substantially inhibited D3DR with >180‐fold selectivity over D2DR. Therefore, in this study, we seek to provide molecular and structural insights into these differential binding mechanistic using meta‐analytic computational simulation methods. Findings revealed that R‐VK4‐40 and Y‐QA31 adopted shallow binding modes and were more surface‐exposed at D3DR while on the contrary, they exhibited deep hydrophobic pocket binding at D2DR. Also, two non‐conserved residues; Tyr361.39 and Ser18245.51 were identified in D3DR, based on their crucial roles and contributions to the selective binding of R‐VK4‐40 and Y‐QA31. Importantly, both antagonists exhibited high affinities in complex with D3DR compared to D2DR, while van der Waals energies contributed majorly to their binding and stability. Structural analyses also revealed the distinct stabilizing effects of both compounds on D3DR secondary architecture relative to D2DR. Therefore, findings herein pinpointed the origin and mechanistic of selectivity of the compounds, which may assist in the rational design of potential small molecules of the D2‐like dopamine family receptor subtype with improved potency and selectivity.
The propagation characteristics of rectangular waveguides filled with inhomogeneous double‐negative dielectrics using a semianalytical method
Authors: Weng Qianru , Lin Qian , Wu Haifeng 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this paper, we carry out the calculation of eigenvalues including cutoff wavenumbers and propagation constants in rectangular waveguides filled with inhomogeneous double‐negative (DNG) dielectrics whose permittivity varies along one transverse direction by using a semianalytical approach. Eigenequations for waveguides containing arbitrary continuously or discontinuously varying dielectrics are formulated by the semianalytical approach. We examine several representative inhomogeneous DNG dielectric distributions. When comparing these results with those of waveguides containing inhomogeneous double‐positive (DPS) dielectrics with same distribution profiles, we find the dielectric and geometric dependence of the cutoff wavenumbers to be quite different. Moreover, the dispersion signs of the TE/LSE modes might be changed by partially filling the waveguides with DNG dielectrics, which is caused by the opposite directions of energy transport in DPS and DNG dielectrics.
Preparative isolation of 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl inhibitors from Ribes himalense using medium‐pressure and two‐dimensional reversed‐phase/reversed‐phase liquid chromatography guided by an online HPLC‐1, 1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl assay
Authors: Liu Chuang , Lei Yuqing , Dang Jun , Wang Weidong , Zhang Jing , Mei Lijuan , Liu Zenggen , Tao Yanduo , Shao Yun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe lack of suitable chromatographic purification methods makes it a challenge to effectively isolate the chemical components of traditional Tibetan medicines. Ribes himalense is a rarely studied Tibetan medicine, reputed to have free radical‐scavenging effects. In the present work, we utilized it as a model herb to highlight an approach for the separation of 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl inhibitors via medium‐pressure chromatography and two‐dimensional reversed‐phase/reversed‐phase interaction liquid chromatography under the guidance of an online high‐performance liquid chromatography‐1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl assay. Finally, we obtained two free radical inhibitors (>95% purity) from the R. himalense extract. This is the first report of the rapid isolation of these free radical inhibitors from R. himalense. This method can be useful in quality standard assessment and further pharmacological activity research, and may be used as a reference for the composition research of various natural products.
Assessing the utility and accuracy ofICD10‐CMnon‐traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage codes for intracranial aneurysm research
Authors: Roark Christopher , Wilson Melissa P. , Kubes Sheila , Mayer David , Wiley Laura K. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe 10th revision of International Classification of Disease, Clinical Modification (ICD10‐CM) increased the number of codes to identify non‐traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage from 1 to 22. ICD10‐CM codes are able to specify the location of aneurysms causing subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH); however, it is not clear how frequently or accurately these codes are being used in practice.ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the usage and accuracy of location‐specific ICD10‐CM codes for aSAH.MethodsWe extracted all uses of ICD10‐CM codes for non‐traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (I60.x) during the first 3 years following the implementation of ICD10‐CM from the billing module of the electronic health record (EHR) for UCHealth. For those codes that specified aSAH location (I60.0‐I60.6), EHR documentation was reviewed to determine whether there was an active aSAH, any patient history of aSAH, or unruptured intracranial aneurysm/s and the locations of those outcomes.ResultsBetween 1 October 2015 and 30 September 2018, there were 3119 instances of non‐traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage ICD10‐CM codes (I60.00‐I60.9), of which 297 (9.5%) code instances identified aSAH location (I60.0‐I60.6). The usage of location‐specific codes increased from 5.7% in 2015 to 11.2% in 2018. These codes accurately identified current aSAH (64%), any patient history of aSAH (84%), and any patient history of intracranial aneurysm (87%). The accuracy of identified outcome location was 53% in current aSAH, 72% for any history of aSAH, and 76% for any history of an intracranial aneurysm.ConclusionsResearchers should use ICD10‐CM codes with caution when attempting to detect active aSAH and/or aneurysm location.
Influences of polarizability effect of alkyl group and homoring competition effect of substituents on the NMR spectra of salen‐type Schiff base
Authors: Wei Bai‐ying , Cao Chen‐zhong , Cao Chao‐tun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSalen‐type Schiff bases are a kind of important compounds and are widely used. In order to explore the effect of alkyl groups and substituents attached to aromatic ring on the chemical shifts, 63 title compounds were synthesized. Their 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra were obtained; and the effects of the alkyl chain length and substituents on the chemical shifts (δH(CHN), δC(CHN), δH(OH), and δC(COH)) were studied. The results show that (1) the alkyl polarizability effect index (PEI) has an important influence on the chemical shifts of the above four atoms, with the increase of PEI, the values of δH(CHN) and δc(CHN) decrease, and the values of δH(OH) and δC(COH) increase. (2) The influence of substituent X attached to aromatic ring on the chemical shift is related to its position by taking OH or CHN as reference. As for the effect of substituent on the chemical shifts, the effect of Hammett constant σ(X)OH and excited‐state substituent parameter
with OH as reference are different from that ofσ(X)CHN and
with CHN as reference, and there is a “homoring competition effect” of the substituent. (3) The effect of the cross‐interaction between X and OH on the chemical shift is also significantly different due to the different position of X. Quantitative correlation equations against chemical shifts were built for the four atoms, and the stability and prediction ability of the obtained equations were confirmed by leave‐one‐out cross validation.