bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VIX futures and its closed‐form pricing through an affine GARCH model with realized variance
Authors: Wang Qi , Wang Zerong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper studies the forecasting of volatility index (VIX) and the pricing of its futures by a generalized affine realized volatility model proposed by Christoffersen et al. This model is a weighted average of a GARCH and a pure realized variance (RV) model that incorporates each volatility component into the new dynamics. We rewrite the VIX in terms of both volatility components and then derive closed‐form formulas for the VIX forecasting and its futures pricing. Our empirical studies find that a unification of the GARCH and the RV in the modeling substantially improves the forecasting of this index and the pricing of its futures.
Forrestfield Airport Link Project – Challenges and TBM solution
Authors: Bäppler Karin , Strässer Michael 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA large number of successfully completed tunnelling projects in sensitive environments and airport areas show the highest technical and quality standards of mechanized tunnelling technology, mastering project challenges and individual tasks in the interest of customers, clients and the environment. The Forrestfield Airport Link, currently under construction in Perth, Australia, is one of these projects tackling challenges in an airport area sensitive to any kind of settlement and subsurface conditions. The paper highlights the project challenges that require a well‐adapted TBM concept and experience with the use of variable density TBM technology from the manufacturer's point of view.
Digitalisierung und IoT im maschinellen Tunnelbau – Ein integraler Ansatz
Authors: Hegemann Felix , Stascheit Janosch , Maidl Ulrich 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe article presents a platform approach, in which the almost complete linking of machine data analysis, Building Information Modelling, document management system and digital ground models can be carried out in real time during a mechanised tunnel drive. All processes of mechanised tunnelling are digitalised and further processed in various applications in real time. The subsequent examples should demonstrate that there are now practically no application limits to the digitalisation of tunnel construction sites. Furthermore the potential and limits of artificial intelligence and machine learning are presented.
An international systematic review of dementia caregiving interventions for Chinese families
Authors: Ma Kris Pui Kwan , Saw Anne 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesOlder Asians and Chinese are among the least studied populations in the dementia caregiving literature. This review seeks to critically synthesize the literature on intervention characteristics, components and tailoring strategies for dementia family caregivers in Chinese communities globally.MethodsFive electronic databases (PsychINFO, PubMed, CINAHL, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar) were searched for articles published between 1980 and July 2018. The protocol of this review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019132800).ResultsTwenty‐nine unique interventions across 39 papers met inclusion criteria. Results from descriptive and thematic syntheses revealed that most interventions were psychoeducational, CBT‐based, multicomponent, structured, and less than a year in duration. Disease education, management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, stress coping techniques, and referral to community resources were frequently included in interventions. Community‐, culture‐ and language‐focused strategies were used to tailor interventions. The most common tailoring strategies were: (a) using community networks and media for outreach and recruitment; (b) making translations and language adaptations to the intervention materials; and (c) focusing on trust and therapeutic alliance. Most interventions produced desired outcomes, particularly reducing caregiver burden and increasing self‐efficacy.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first review to date that systematically synthesized the characteristics and tailoring of dementia caregiving interventions for Chinese families globally. Current findings suggest that most interventions are effective, although many only superficially address Chinese culture. Future research should incorporate Chinese values and cross‐cultural challenges into caregiving interventions for deep‐level adaptations that could potentially be more effective to engage and support Chinese caregivers.
Executive functioning of older adults with bipolar disorder
Authors: Omer Elad , Braw Yoram , Amiaz Revital , Ravona‐Springer Ramit 
Published: August 2020

AbstarctObjectivesDespite their impact on daily functioning, we have limited understanding of the executive functioning of older adults with bipolar disorder (OABD). Even less is known about the possible differences in the executive functioning of OABD and older adults with unipolar depression (OADEP).MethodsAfter excluding acutely ill patients, the executive functioning of OABD was compared to that of OADEP and healthy controls (n = 22, n = 20, n = 22; respectively). Cognitive insight, a sub‐domain of executive functioning, was operationalized as the discrepancy between the participants' self‐reported cognitive functioning and appraisals that were made by their care partners. To complement the cognitive profiling, the groups were compared in information processing speed, verbal memory, and visual‐spatial memory.ResultsOABD were impaired in several cognitive domains compared to healthy controls, most prominently in executive functioning and memory. OABD had poorer executive functioning and visual‐spatial memory than OADEP. The findings also tentatively point toward intact cognitive insight among OABD, while OADEP seem to have a heightened level of awareness of their cognitive impairment.ConclusionsOABD have a unique profile of cognitive impairment compared to OADEP. It is characterized by a more severe cognitive impairment, accompanied by relatively intact cognitive insight. The findings may help clarify the cognitive profile of OABD and assist in the development of cognitive rehabilitation programs tailored to their needs. They should, however, be considered preliminary and await further research.
Intraoperative dexmedetomidine for prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Xin Xi , Chen Jing , Hua Wei , Wang Haiyun 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesDelirium is the most common postoperative neurological complication and some evidence suggests that dexmedetomidine is associated with a decreased incidence of delirium. This study is designed to assess the effect of dexmedetomidine on postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).MethodsSixty geriatric patients with MCI were enrolled and ramdomly divided into two groups by a computer‐generated randomisation sequence: dexmedetomidine group (D group) and normal saline group (C group). Patients in D group received a loading dose of 0.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine over 10 minutes before anesthesia induction, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.4 μg·kg−1·h−1 until 30 minutes before the end of surgery; equal volume of normal saline was given in C group. Blood samples were extracted to detect the concentration of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐10 (IL‐10), heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) before anesthesia induction (T1), before suture (T2), and 30 minutes after surgery (T3). Postoperative recovery times were recorded. Delirium was assessed with the 3‐Minute Diagnostic Interview for confusion assessment method during the first 7 days postoperatively.ResultsPOD occurred in 10 (33.3%) of 30 patients in C group, and in 3 (10%) of 30 patients given dexmedetomidine (odds ratio [OR] 0.222, 95% CI 0.054‐0.914; P = 0.028). The serum concentrations of TNF‐α, MMP‐9, and GFAP were significantly increased and IL‐10 was decreased in the C group than in the D group at T2 and T3. No differences were observed between groups in the level of HO‐1. Analysis using random‐effect multivariable logistic regression indicated that POD was associated with GFAP (odds ratio [OR] 16.691, 95% CI 2.288‐121.746; P = 0.005). The positive predictive ability of the multivariate logistic regression model tested by ROC analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.713 (95% CI, 0.584‐0.842).ConclusionsDexmedetomidine can alleviate POD in elderly patients with MCI and may be related to reduce the neuroinflammation by lowering the permeability of blood‐brain barrier.
Harmonization of diffusionMRIdata sets with adaptive dictionary learning
Authors: St‐Jean Samuel , Viergever Max A. , Leemans Alexander 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDiffusion magnetic resonance imaging can indirectly infer the microstructure of tissues and provide metrics subject to normal variability in a population. Potentially abnormal values may yield essential information to support analysis of controls and patients cohorts, but subtle confounds could be mistaken for purely biologically driven variations amongst subjects. In this work, we propose a new harmonization algorithm based on adaptive dictionary learning to mitigate the unwanted variability caused by different scanner hardware while preserving the natural biological variability of the data. Our harmonization algorithm does not require paired training data sets, nor spatial registration or matching spatial resolution. Overcomplete dictionaries are learned iteratively from all data sets at the same time with an adaptive regularization criterion, removing variability attributable to the scanners in the process. The obtained mapping is applied directly in the native space of each subject toward a scanner‐space. The method is evaluated with a public database which consists of two different protocols acquired on three different scanners. Results show that the effect size of the four studied diffusion metrics is preserved while removing variability attributable to the scanner. Experiments with alterations using a free water compartment, which is not simulated in the training data, shows that the modifications applied to the diffusion weighted images are preserved in the diffusion metrics after harmonization, while still reducing global variability at the same time. The algorithm could help multicenter studies pooling their data by removing scanner specific confounds, and increase statistical power in the process.
Apheresis medicine in the era of advanced telehealth technologies: An American Society for Apheresis position paper Part I: Understanding the basic technologies and apheresis medicine practice models
Authors: Linz Walter , Andrzejewski Chester , Wu Ding Wen , Li Yanhua , Roberts Timothy , Ipe Tina , Ricci Kristin , Knight Susan , Hodjat Parsa , Reddy Ramakrishna L. , Hofmann Jan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe wide spread availability and use of sophisticated high‐speed telecommunication networks coupled with inexpensive and easily accessible computing capacity have catalyzed the creation of new tools and strategies for healthcare delivery. Such tools and strategies are of value to apheresis medicine (AM) practitioners if they improve delivery of patient care, enhance safety during a therapeutic apheresis (TA) intervention, facilitate care access, advance technical capabilities of apheresis devices, and/or elevate quality performance within TA programs. In the past several years, healthcare delivery systems' adoption of telecommunication technologies has been fostered by organizational financial and quality improvement objectives. More recently, adoption of telehealth technologies has been catalyzed by the COVID‐19 pandemic as these technologies enhance both patient and provider safety in an era of social distancing. These changes will also influence the delivery of TA services which now can be generally viewed in a tripartite model format comprised of traditional hospital‐based fixed site locales, mobile TA operations and lately an evolving telemedicine remote management model now reffered to as telapheresis (TLA). This communication developed by the Public Affairs and Advocacy Committee of the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) and endorsed by its Board of Directors, reviews and describes various aspects of established and evolving electronic technologies related to TLA and the practice of AM. In subsequent companion publications, additional aspects to TLA will be explored and ASFA's vision of reasonable, regulatory compliant and high‐quality TLA practices will be expounded.
FUS‐induced circular RNA ZNF609 promotes tumorigenesis and progression via sponging miR‐142‐3p in lung cancer
Authors: Liu Shaoxia , Yang Ningning , Jiang Xu , Wang Jian , Dong Junqiang , Gao Yonghua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) have been associated with lung cancer (LC), one of the most common cancers, but the underlying molecular mechanisms of the specific correlation with LC carcinogenesis remain unveiled. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was applied to examine the level of circZNF609. LC cells were transfected with silenced circZNF609 by siRNAs, and cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were evaluated to reflect the influences of circZNF609 knockdown in LC. Biotin‐coupled circRNA capture, FISH and luciferase reporter assays were performed to study the relationship between circZNF609 and miR‐142‐3p. In current work, it was discovered that circZNF609 functioned as an onco‐circRNA, which exhibited high expression as well as facilitated the proliferation and migration in LC cells. Next, we discovered that FUS RNA‐binding protein, which could bind to the ZNF609 pre‐mRNA, induced circZNF609 formation, and increased circZNF609 expression in LC. Furthermore, circZNF609 was verified to sponge and sequester miR‐142‐3p; circZNF609 enhanced LC cell proliferative and migrative ability via targeting miR‐142‐3p. Finally, G protein subunit beta 2 (GNB2) was figured out to involve in circZNF609/miR‐142‐3p axis‐induced LC development. Conclusively, the results indicated that FUS‐induced circZNF609 exerts promotional effects on LC cell proliferation and migration through modulation of the miR‐142‐3p/GNB2 axis, which could offer new insight for understanding LC.
Corneal endothelial expansion using human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell‐derived conditioned medium
Authors: Duan Sujuan , Zhang Yanyan , Yuan Fangxiu , Jiang Alan , Sang Yi , Huang Guofu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRabbit corneal endothelial cells are frequently used in pharmacological experiments and are useful for corneal transplant experiments. We performed the present study to analyze the effect of conditioned medium (CM) derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSCs) on the growth of rabbit corneal endothelial cells (RCECs) and to establish a program for expansion of RCECs in vitro. RCECs were cultured using a CM derived from HUMSCs (HUMSCs‐CM) in vitro. The proliferation ability of RCECs cultured in the presence of HUMSCs‐CM was evaluated by conducting 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2‐H‐tetrazolium bromide, colony formation, and scratch migration assays. The proliferation ability of RCECs maintained in HUMSCs‐CM was significantly enhanced as compared to RCECs cultivated in the control group. Immunofluorescence indicated that zonula occludens‐1 (ZO‐1) and N‐cadherin were located at intercellular junctions. Real‐time PCR and western blot analyses demonstrated that the CEC‐relative functional markers were expressed in RCECs maintained in HUMSCs‐CM. Flow cytometry analyses demonstrated that HUMSCs‐CM promoted the G0/G1 entrance to the S phase in RCECs. Our results demonstrated that HUMSCs‐CM induced the proliferation of RCECs in vitro and maintained the necessary characteristic phenotypes. The expanded RCECs may provide a promising cell source for experimental research and clinical therapy.
Macro‐ and micromorphological remodeling of olfactory organs throughout the ontogeny of the fire salamander Salamandra salamandra (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Różański Józef J. , Żuwała Krystyna D. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article studies the morphological remodeling of olfactory organs in the fire salamander (Salamandridae, Caudata), from the larval stages of ontogeny to the adult and throughout the course of the annual cycle. The fire salamander exhibits adaptations to the aquatic environment during premetamorphic life and terrestrial adaptations after metamorphosis. During adulthood, the annual activity of this species is divided into three seasonal periods: a breeding period, a nonbreeding period, and hibernation. We observed significant differences in morphology of olfactory organs between developmental stages as well as between each period within the annual cycle. For the first time in caudates, we examined the morphology of olfactory organs during the winter period (wintering larvae, hibernating adults). The results show that the remodeling of olfactory organs during the life of the fire salamander occurs both on macro‐ and micromorphological levels. Macromorphological ontogenetic variability includes the shape of the main olfactory chamber (MOC) and the distribution of olfactory epithelium (OE) in the MOC and in the vomeronasal organ (VNO). In larvae, the vomeronasal epithelium (VNE) is in a separate cavity, while in the post‐metamorphic stages of ontogeny, the VNE occurs in the diverticulum of the MOC. In adult fire salamanders, both olfactory organs are most developed during the breeding season and reduced during hibernation. The VNE and OE in the MOC are also reduced during hibernation. Micro‐morphological changes included different types/subtypes of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in the OE in particular stages of ontogeny and periods within the annual cycle, for example, ciliate ORNs are present in the VNE only in the larval stages and giant ORNs occur only in nonbreeding adults. Also, there was a variable set of types of olfactory supporting cells in the VNO of the fire salamander during pre‐ and postmetamorphic life stages.
Using 3D‐digital photogrammetry to examine scaling of the body axis in burrowing skinks
Authors: DeLorenzo Leah , Vander Linden Abby , Bergmann Philip J. , Wagner Gunter P. , Siler Cameron D. , Irschick Duncan J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) modeling techniques have been increasingly utilized across disciplines for the visualization and analysis of complex structures. We employ 3D‐digital photogrammetry for understanding the scaling of the body axis of 12 species of scincid lizards in the genus Brachymeles. These skinks represent a diverse radiation which shows tremendous variation in body size and degree of axial elongation. Because of the complex nature of the body axis, 3D‐methods are important for understanding how the body axis evolves. 3D‐digital photogrammetry presents a flexible, inexpensive, and portable system for the reconstruction of biological forms. As body size increased among species, the cross‐sectional area and circumference of the head and other portions of the body axis increased isometrically, which indicates that species of differing sizes possess proportionally similar head and body shapes. These results suggest that there are no substantial head and body shape changes with body size among the sampled species, but further comparative studies with larger sample sizes and functional studies of size and morphology effects on burrowing or above‐ground locomotion are needed.
Feasibility of a self‐assembling peptide hydrogel scaffold for meniscal defect: An in vivo study in a rabbit model
Authors: Okuno Nobuhiro , Otsuki Shuhei , Aoyama Jo , Nakagawa Kosuke , Murakami Tomohiko , Ikeda Kuniaki , Hirose Yoshinobu , Wakama Hitoshi , Okayoshi Tomohiro , Okamoto Yoshinori , Hirano Yoshiaki , Neo Masashi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe inner avascular zone of the meniscus has limited healing capacity as the area is poorly vascularized. Although peptide hydrogels have been reported to regenerate bone and cartilage, their effect on meniscus regeneration remains unknown. We tested whether the self‐assembling peptide hydrogel scaffold KI24RGDS stays in the meniscal lesion and facilitates meniscal repair and regeneration in an induced rabbit meniscal defect model. Full‐thickness (2.0 mm diameter) cylindrical defects were introduced into the inner avascular zones of the anterior portions of the medial menisci of rabbit knees (n = 40). Right knee defects were left empty (control group) while the left knee defects were transplanted with peptide hydrogel (KI24RGDS group). Macroscopic meniscus scores were significantly higher in the KI24RGDS group than in the control group at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery. Histological examinations including quantitative and qualitative scores indicated that compared with the control group, the reparative tissue in the meniscus was significantly enhanced in the KI24RGDS group at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the reparative tissue induced by KI24RGDS at 12 weeks postimplantation was positive for Type I and II collagen. KI24RGDS is highly biocompatible and biodegradable, with strong stiffness, and a three dimensional structure mimicking native extracellular matrix and RGDS sequences that enhance cell adhesion and proliferation. This in vivo study demonstrated that KI24RGDS remained in the meniscal lesion and facilitated the repair and regeneration in a rabbit meniscal defect model.
Aesthetic study of patterns based on event‐related potential and eye‐tracking: Taking the decorative patterns of the Tang dynasty as an example
Authors: Zhang Zhonghua , Xu Boming , Zhang Tianxing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe decorative patterns of Tang dynasty (DPTD) combine Chinese and western styles, providing inspirations to designers. The main purpose of the study is to summarize aesthetic cognition for DPTD and improve modern Tang style products design, thus introducing new materials and ideas to modern products design. The event‐related potential (ERP) and eye‐tracking were mainly used to study DPTD, exploring early reactions of brain nerves in the process of aesthetic cognition of DPTD, and analyze people's aesthetic process during tests. The results showed that attractive DPTDs attracted more fixation counts and longer second fixation time than those of unattractive DPTDs. When watching attractive DPTDs, pupil sizes of subjects were significantly smaller than those of unattractive DPTDs. In addition, attractive DPTDs induced larger amplitude of P300 than unattractive. N2 was strongly activated in the parietal and occipital areas, whereas P300 was strongly activated in the prefrontal to parietal areas. At the same time, this study found that in the process of people's aesthetic appreciation, attractive DPTDs would make people have a pleasant subjective feeling. This study adopts the method of combining ERP with eye‐tracking and provides a new method and design idea to guide the design of modern Tang‐style products.