bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Circle RNA Regulatory Axis Promotes Lung Squamous Metastasis via CDR1-Mediated Regulation of Golgi Trafficking
Authors: Harrison Emily B. , Porrello Alessandro , Bowman Brittany M. , Belanger Adam R. , Yacovone Gabriella , Azam Salma H. , Windham Ian A. , Ghosh Subrata K. , Wang Menglin , Mckenzie Nicholas , Waugh Trent A. , Van Swearingen Amanda E.D. , Cohen Stephanie M. , Allen Devon G. , Goodwin Tyler J. , Mascenik Teresa , Bear James E. , Cohen Sarah , Randell Scott H. , Massion Pierre P. , Major Michael B. , Huang Leaf , Pecot Chad V. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLung squamous carcinoma (LUSC) is a highly metastatic disease with a poor prognosis. Using an integrated screening approach, we found that miR-671-5p reduces LUSC metastasis by inhibiting a circular RNA (circRNA), CDR1as. Although the putative function of circRNA is through miRNA sponging, we found that miR-671-5p more potently silenced an axis of CDR1as and its antisense transcript, cerebellar degeneration related protein 1 (CDR1). Silencing of CDR1as or CDR1 significantly inhibited LUSC metastases and CDR1 was sufficient to promote migration and metastases. CDR1, which directly interacted with adaptor protein 1 (AP1) complex subunits and coatomer protein I (COPI) proteins, no longer promoted migration upon blockade of Golgi trafficking. Therapeutic inhibition of the CDR1as/CDR1 axis with miR-671-5p mimics reduced metastasis in vivo. This report demonstrates a novel role for CDR1 in promoting metastasis and Golgi trafficking. These findings reveal an miRNA/circRNA axis that regulates LUSC metastases through a previously unstudied protein, CDR1.Significance:This study shows that circRNA, CDR1as, promotes lung squamous migration, metastasis, and Golgi trafficking through its complimentary transcript, CDR1.
Prognostic Value of Psoas Muscle Mass Index in Patients With Non‒ST‐Segment‒Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Matsumoto Hiroshi , Matsumura Koichiro , Yamamoto Yoshihiro , Fujii Kenichi , Tsujimoto Satoshi , Otagaki Munemitsu , Morishita Shun , Hashimoto Kenta , Shibutani Hiroki , Sugiura Tetsuro , Shiojima Ichiro 
Published: September 2020

Background
Muscle wasting is an important predictor of long‐term outcome in patients with cardiovascular disease, but the prognostic value of muscle wasting in patients with non‒ST‐segment‒elevation myocardial infarction is not established. The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic value of muscle wasting, defined by psoas muscle mass index (PMI), in patients with non‒ST‐segment‒elevation myocardial infarction.

Methods and Results

A total of 132 consecutive patients with non‒ST‐segment‒elevation myocardial infarction were prospectively enrolled between 2015 and 2018. Primary end point was incidence of cardiovascular events including cardiovascular deaths, non‐fatal myocardial infarction, or non‐fatal stroke. Cross‐sectional area of the psoas muscle at the L3 vertebral level was obtained by computed tomography and PMI was calculated. The median follow‐up period was 2.4 years (interquartile range, 1.1–4.0 years). There were 45 cardiovascular events (34%) during the study periods. The optimal cutoff value of PMI to predict cardiovascular events was 772 mm
2
/m
2
, as assessed by receiver operating curve analysis. Patients with reduced PMI (PMI<772 mm
2
/m
2
) had significantly higher cardiovascular events than those with preserved PMI (PMI≥772 mm
2
/m
2
) (48% versus 21%; log‐rank test
P
<0.001). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model revealed that reduced PMI was a statistically significant predictor of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio, 3.30; 95% CI, 1.70–6.40;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
Muscle wasting defined as PMI is a simple and useful objective marker to predict future cardiovascular outcome in patients with non‒ST‐segment‒elevation myocardial infarction.

Registration Information

URL:
https://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/
; Unique identifier: UMIN000013445.
More Than Shortages: The Unequal Distribution of Substitute Teaching
Authors: Liu Jing , Loeb Susanna , Shi Ying 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Classroom teachers in the United States are absent on average approximately 6 percent of a school year. Despite the prevalence of teacher absences, surprisingly little research has assessed the key source of replacement instruction: substitute teachers. Using detailed administrative and survey data from a large urban school district, we document the prevalence, predictors, and distribution of substitute coverage across schools. Less advantaged schools systematically exhibit lower rates of substitute coverage compared with peer institutions. Observed school, teacher, and absence characteristics account for only part of this school variation. In contrast, substitute teachers’ preferences for specific schools, mainly driven by student behavior and support from teachers and school administrators, explain a sizable share of the unequal distribution of coverage rates above and beyond standard measures in administrative data.
Applications of Electrospinning for Tissue Engineering in Otolaryngology
Authors: Heilingoetter Ashley , Smith Sharon , Malhotra Prashant , Johnson Jed , Chiang Tendy 
Published: September 2020

Objective: In tissue engineering, biomaterials create a 3D scaffold for cell-to-cell adhesion, proliferation and tissue formation. Because of their similarity to extracellular matrix and architectural adaptability, nanofibers are of particular interest in tissue engineering. Electrospinning is a well-documented technique for nanofiber production for tissue engineering scaffolds. Here we present literature on the applications of electrospinning in the field of otolaryngology. Review Methods: A PubMed database search was performed to isolate articles published about applications of electrospun nanofibers for tissue engineering in otolaryngology. Study design, size, material tested, site of application within the head and neck, and outcomes were obtained for each study. Results: Almost all data on electrospinning in otolaryngology was published in the last 6 years (84%), highlighting its novelty. A total of 25 pre-clinical studies were identified: 9 in vitro studies, 5 in vivo animal studies, and 11 combination studies. Sites of application included: tracheal reconstruction (n = 16), tympanic membrane repair (n = 3), cranial nerve regeneration (n = 3), mastoid osteogenesis (n = 1) and ear/nose chondrogenesis (n = 2). Implications for Practice: Tissue engineering is a burgeoning field, with recent innovative applications in the field of otolaryngology. Electrospun nanofibers specifically have relevant applications in the field of otolaryngology, due in part to their similarity to native extracellular matrix, with emerging areas of interest being tympanic membrane repair, cranial nerve regeneration and tracheal reconstruction.
Diagnostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in Bell’s palsy
Authors: Wang Ying , Tang Weiqing , Chai Yongchuan , Zhu Weidong , Li Xiaoyan , Wang Zhaoyan 
Published: September 2020

Background Bell’s palsy (BP) is the most common form of acute facial nerve disorder and is characterized by rapid onset peripheral facial palsy of unknown etiology. Purpose To explore the diagnostic value of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imagine (MRI) in patients with BP particularly in involved segments. Material and Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the patients with BP who underwent routine MRI examinations and volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) sequence-based DCE-MRI before surgery in our department from January 2015 to July 2020. DCE-MRI data postprocessing was performed on Siemens Workstation Extended MR Work Space 2.6.3.5. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS®v.19.0. The inter-observer reliability was evaluated with kappa identity test and McNemar’s test. Results Twenty-three patients were included. On conventional contrast-enhanced MRI, the two observers were inconsistent in their diagnosis of lesion segments of facial nerve (Kappa 0.426, P = 0.009). Compared to the results of the surgery, the diagnostic consistency of both observers was general (Kappa 0.476, P < 0.001 and Kappa 0.430, P < 0.001, respectively). The diagnostic results of DCE-MRI for lesion segments of the facial nerve were consistent between the two observers (Kappa 0.929, P < 0.001). Compared to the results of the surgery, the diagnostic consistency of both observers was good (Kappa 0.753, P < 0.001 and Kappa 0.731, P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion Compared to conventional MRI, DCE-MRI has good stability and repeatability in the diagnosis of the lesion segments of the facial nerve as well as a good specificity and accuracy.
Diagnostic role of liquid-based cytology of bronchial lavage fluid in addition to bronchial brushing specimens in lung cancer
Authors: Cao Chao , Yu Xuechan , Zhu Tingting , Jiang Qingwen , Li Yiting , Li Xinjian 
Published: September 2020

Background: Liquid-based cytology (LBC) tests, including the liquid-based thin layer method, have demonstrated the highest potential for reducing false-negatives and improving sample quality. Method: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic role of LBC of bronchial brushing specimens in lung cancer. A total of 249 patients were analyzed in our study, involving 155 patients with combined bronchial brushing and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and 94 patients with BAL alone. Results: The sensitivity in the combined bronchial brushing and BAL group was 61.4% in the diagnosis of lung cancer, which is much higher than with BAL alone. Rates of positive predictive values and negative predictive values in the combined group compared with the BALF alone group were 98.6% vs 100% and 47.6% vs 37.4%, respectively. Sensitivity in the BALF alone group was 12.5% in bronchoscopically invisible pulmonary lesions and as high as 52.1% in the combined group. Conclusion: The results from our study demonstrated that LBC of brushing samples could be used as an important complement of bronchoscopy and could have the potential to be widely applied.
A multi-site study examining the usability of a virtual reality game designed to improve retention of sterile catheterization skills in nursing students
Authors: Breitkreuz Karen R. , Kardong-Edgren Suzan , Gilbert Gregory E. , DeBlieck Connie , Maske Mariam , Hallock Christy , Lanzara Susan , Parrish Kathryn , Rossler Kelly , Turkelson Carman , Ellertson Anthony , Brown Kimberly N. , Swetavage Taylor , Werb Michael , Kuchler Elizabeth G. , Saiki Lori S. , Noe Shelly R. 
Published: September 2020

A usability study of a Virtual Reality Sterile Urinary Catheter Insertion Game (VR SUCIG) was conducted to understand user needs in regards to this game. Background: Learning and retention of psychomotor skills in health care is essential to safe clinical practice. Bauman suggests games are most useful when they are part of a layered-learning approach; in other words, they support various forms of learning and serve as cognitive aids ( Bauman et al., 2014 ). Intervention: The VR Sterile Urinary Catheter Insertion Game (VRSUCIG) was created by nurses and a computer gaming developer to provide nursing students with a cost-effective way to practice sterile catheter insertion skills in a systematic, evidence-based manner. A usability study and user reaction survey were conducted to gain a deep understanding of user’s needs. Methods: Three hundred nursing students, from 9 US nursing schools participated. Participants played the VR SUCIG and completed the System Usability Scale (SUS) and a User Reaction Survey (URS). Results: The SUS for the 2nd generation of the VR SUCIG was 57, or medium usability. The URS demonstrated the game motivated them to keep practicing. The VR SUCIG promoted repetitive practice of the skill and visually accentuated the concept of sterility. Conclusions. User reactions indicate that nursing students were eager and excited to utilize this technology. Usability scores indicate further refinement of technology is needed.
Surgical Strategies: Necrotizing Fasciitis of the Foot and Ankle Treated With Dermal Regeneration Matrix for Limb Salvage
Authors: Narayanan Arvind S. , Walley Kempland C. , Borenstein Todd , Luther G. Aman , Jackson J. Benjamin , Gonzalez Tyler A. 
Published: September 2020

Although necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening entity that needs expeditious treatment, cases involving the lower extremity are less commonly encountered than in the upper extremity. Surgical intervention is often required and likely lead to amputation (below-knee or above-knee) vs debridement in the lower extremity. Coverage options in the foot and ankle after serial debridements can present many challenges for limb salvage. Patients are often left with large soft tissue defects requiring coverage with a subsequent increase in relative morbidity. Treatment options for coverage in these cases include negative-pressure wound therapy, split-thickness skin grafting, free flap coverage, or higher-level amputation. In the diabetic population, who present with a lower extremity necrotizing infection, limb salvage is often a challenge given the multiple comorbidities associated with these patients including peripheral vascular disease, immunocompromised state, and neuropathy. Optimal treatment strategies for these necrotizing infections in the foot and ankle remain uncertain. We offer a technique tip for utilization of a dermal regeneration matrix to allow coverage of large soft tissue defect with exposed tendon and/or bone without the need for free flap coverage or higher-level amputation, thus allowing for an additional limb salvage option. Level of Evidence: Level V, expert opinion.
Timed physical exercise does not influence circadian rhythms and glucose tolerance in rotating night shift workers: The EuRhythDia study
Authors: Hannemann Juliane , Laing Anika , Glismann Karin , Skene Debra J , Middleton Benita , Staels Bart , Marx Nikolaus , Grant Peter J , Federici Massimo , Niebauer Josef , Böger Rainer 
Published: September 2020

Objectives: Night shift workers are at cardiometabolic risk due to circadian misalignment. We investigated whether infrequent exercise before each night shift that intentionally would not improve physical performance improves glucose tolerance and 24-h blood pressure profiles and synchronizes circadian rhythms of melatonin and cortisol in rotating night shift workers. Methods: A total of 24 rotating night shift workers (mean age, 35.7 ± 11.8 years) were randomized to exercise or no intervention. Workers in the exercise group performed 15.2 ± 4.5 exercise sessions within 2 h before each night shift. Before and after 12 weeks of exercise intervention and 12 weeks after the intervention, spiroergometry, oral glucose tolerance testing and 24-h blood pressure profiles were performed. Plasma melatonin and cortisol levels were measured in 3-hourly intervals during one 24-h period on each study day. Results: Exercise did not significantly change serum glucose nor insulin levels during oral glucose tolerance testing. Timed physical exercise had no effect on physical performance, nor did it change the circadian rhythms of melatonin and cortisol or influence 24-h blood pressure profiles. Conclusion: Physical exercise before each night shift at a low intensity level that does not improve physical performance does not affect circadian timing, glucose tolerance or 24-h blood pressure profiles in rotating night shift workers.
Factors influencing decision making for kidney transplantation among Black and Latino patients on dialysis: A qualitative study applying the social ecological model
Authors: Wong Diandra , Adjei-Bosompem Tina , Maxwell Lakia , Melendez-Suarez Jennifer , Smith Barry , Boutin-Foster Carla 
Published: September 2020

Objectives This qualitative study explored factors that may influence decisions regarding kidney transplantation among African-American and Latino adults on dialysis. Methods Qualitative interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Open-coding techniques were used to identify concepts, categories, and themes. The Social Ecological Model (SEM) was used to organize themes and identify potential solutions across multiple levels (individual, interpersonal, community, and policy/health system). Results Thirty-six patients were interviewed. Their mean age was 53 SD 12 years; 50% were female; and their duration on dialysis was 4.9 SD 6 years. Five themes emerged and were organized according to the levels of the SEM: 1) Fear about the outcomes of transplantation and 2) faith in God (individual level); 3) Family dynamics and reluctance to involve family in the decision making process (interpersonal level); 4) The experiences of friends and social networks (community level); and 5) Concerns about the social and economic impact of transplantation (policy and health system). Discussion The application of a Social Ecological model in this study helped to illuminate the complex and multilevel factors that may influence the decisions for kidney transplantation. Future studies are needed to further explore how family members, social networks, faith communities, and policies/health systems influence the decision making process.
Chronic Syndesmotic Injury: Revision and Fixation With a Suture Button and a Quadricortical Screw
Authors: Stake Ingrid Kvello , Andersen Mette Renate , Husebye Elisabeth Ellingsen 
Published: September 2020

Background. Chronic syndesmotic injury may cause long-term pain and reduced ankle function. Today, there is no consensus about the best surgical treatment of these injuries. We present the technique and results of revision and fixation with a suture button and a quadricortical screw. Methods. Eleven patients treated for chronic syndesmotic injury were included. The patients completed questionnaires regarding ankle function, and computed tomography scans were obtained to evaluate tibiofibular distance and osteoarthritis. Complications were registered. Results. At mean 45 months follow-up, the mean American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot score was 87 points. There were 5 complications, including 3 hardware-related pain. The tibiofibular distance was significantly reduced with surgery. Seven patients had progression of osteoarthritis. Conclusions. Even though the majority of the patients had progression of radiological signs of osteoarthritis, the functional outcome after revision and fixation with a suture button and a quadricortical screw in chronic syndesmotic ruptures is good and comparable to the results presented in other studies. Levels of Evidence: Level IV: Case series without control, technical note
Pathologies of the Peroneals: A Review
Authors: Sharma Akhil , Parekh Selene G. 
Published: September 2020

Peroneal tendon disorders remain an often overlooked source of lateral hindfoot pain and tenderness. Medical professionals who specialize in foot and ankle care are still far more likely to diagnose a peroneal tendon disorder as an ankle injury. In fact, acute peroneal dislocations are misdiagnosed in up to 40% of cases. The major subsets of peroneal disorders include peroneal tendonitis and tenosynovitis, painful os peroneum syndrome, subluxation, and tearing of the peroneal tendons. Proper history and physical exam maneuvers must be performed to help identify the source of the injury and differentiate these categories. Detailed imaging through X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging must also be used to diagnose the etiology of the patient’s condition in order to direct management. Currently, there is very limited knowledge on peroneal pathologies, and treatment protocol is highly variable and limited to expert opinion. Despite the individual preferences and nuances held by each surgeon when it comes to operating, the overarching principles that guide appropriate management of tendonitis, subluxation, and tendon tear should maintain a higher level of consistency. Therefore, the authors of this review aim to elucidate the most current methods to diagnose these disorders as well as evidence-based practices for optimal management. Levels of Evidence: Level V
Systematic Review of Nonoperative Functional Protocols for Acute Achilles Ruptures Utilizing a Formal Rehabilitation Protocol Showing Lowest Rerupture Rates
Authors: Harrington Tara L. , Breedlove Gerald J. , Sharpe Jonathan J. 
Published: September 2020

Aim. To lay out a comprehensive protocol for practitioners and physical therapists that has the lowest rerupture rates for nonoperative treatment of acute Achilles ruptures. Method. Relevant articles were searched in PubMed, CINAHL Plus, and Cochrane Library using keyword combinations: nonoperative AND/OR Achilles rupture AND functional AND/OR protocol or functional AND/OR rehabilitation. To be included in the full analysis, the studies had to have detailed functional protocols with physical therapy program details and outcome scores of rupture rates and/or Achilles Tendon Rupture Score (ATRS). We ultimately found 7 articles that fit our inclusion criteria for analysis. All of them had rerupture rates, and 4 had ATRS scores and functional protocols with mention of formal physical therapy programs. Results. Lowest rerupture rates were found in strict functional rehabilitation protocols that were full weightbearing in boot immediately at full equinus or 30° plantar flexed. They started active range of motion at 5 to 8 weeks and started formal physical therapy at 10 weeks. Levels of Evidence: Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed non-experimental descriptive studies
Hyperosmolar Ionic Solutions Modulate Inflammatory Phenotype and sGAG Loss in a Cartilage Explant Model
Authors: Arabiyat Ahmad S. , Chen Hongyu , Erndt-Marino Josh , Burkhard Katie , Scola Lisa , Fleck Allison , Wan Leo Q. , Hahn Mariah S. 
Published: September 2020

Objective The objective of this study was to compare the effects of hyperosmolar sodium (Na+), lithium (Li+) and potassium (K+) on catabolic and inflammatory osteoarthritis (OA) markers and sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) loss in TNF-α-stimulated cartilage explants. Methods Explants from bovine stifle joints were stimulated with TNF-α for 1 day to induce cartilage degradation followed by supplementation with 50 mM potassium chloride (KCl), 50 mM lithium chloride (LiCl), 50 mM sodium chloride (NaCl), or 100 nM dexamethasone for an additional 6 days. We assessed the effect of TNF-α stimulation and hyperosmolar ionic treatment on sGAG loss and expression of OA-associated proteins: ADAMTS-5, COX-2, MMP-1, MMP-13, and VEGF. Results TNF-α treatment increased sGAG loss ( P < 0.001) and expression of COX-2 ( P = 0.018), MMP-13 ( P < 0.001), and VEGF ( P = 0.017) relative to unstimulated controls. Relative to activated controls, LiCl and dexamethasone treatment attenuated sGAG loss ( P = 0.008 and P = 0.042, respectively) and expression of MMP-13 ( P = 0.005 and P = 0.036, respectively). In contrast, KCl treatment exacerbated sGAG loss ( P = 0.032) and MMP-1 protein expression ( P = 0.010). NaCl treatment, however, did not alter sGAG loss or expression of OA-related proteins. Comparing LiCl and KCl treatment shows a potent reduction ( P < 0.05) in catabolic and inflammatory mediators following LiCl treatment. Conclusion These results suggest that these ionic species elicit varying responses in TNF-α-stimulated explants. Cumulatively, these findings support additional studies of hyperosmolar ionic solutions for potential development of novel intraarticular injections targeting OA.