bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conditions affecting postpartum depression in the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Koyuncu Kazibe , Alan Yasemin , Sakin Önder , Aktaş Hale Ankara , Angın Ali Doğukan 
Published: August 2020

Objective: Covid-19 infection was first diagnosed in Wuhan, China, and became a pandemic. Afterward, it had a devastating effect on mental and physical health. Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common health problem that needs attention to improve women’s healthcare. Herein, we aim to search for the PPD incidence in the pandemic period.
Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 126 pregnant women were included for the study. None of the patients had Covid-19 infection. Inclusion criteria included; women were aged 18 or over and ability to communicate fluently provided informed consent to participate. Women who had late fetal loss and stillbirth or neonatal death were excluded. Patients age, gravida, medical history, previous or ongoing psychological disease, and drug use, alcohol use and smoking, obstetric follow-up regarding any complication for the fetus or mother, socio-economic status, spouse support, sleep disorder, hyperemesis gravidarum, type of delivery, fetal birth weight, height, AGGAR scores 1-5th min, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions were recorded. Postpartum depression diagnosis was evaluated via Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). Patients were grouped into two, group 1 consisted of patients who are at low risk for postpartum depression and group 2 was at high risk for depression according to their EPDS scores.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 28.90±5.26 (18-41). 68 (54%) of the patients had vaginal deliveries and 58 (46%) of them had cesarean section. The average weight of newborn babies was 3324±586.11 grams (2750-4950), 1st minute APGAR score was 7.75±0.9 (4-8), 5th minute APGAR score was 8.88±0.45 (7-9). 23 (18.3%) of the newborns were admitted to neonatal intensive care (Table 1). According to the EDPS scores, only 12% of the patients were classified as having high risk group for depression. Lower income, previous psychiatric illness, higher education levels and having newborn needs NICU were found to significantly related to PPD (p = 0.029, p = 0.034, p=0.046 and p = 0.001 respectively) (Table 2). The other parameters were not found to be significantly related to PPD scores.
Conclusion: Covid-19 was not found to increase the rate of PPD in short term notice in our center, which was affected seriously. Studies with a higher number of patients and in different regions are necessary to state a precise conclusion.
PENGARUH E-SERVICE QUALITY DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN PERUSAHAAN JASA PENGIRIMAN PAKET DI KARAWANG
Authors: Citra Savitri  , Aji Tuhagana  
Published: August 2020

Perkembangan internet telah membawa banyak perubahan dalam aspek kehidupan manusia. Internet membuat semua menjadi lebih mudah dan cepat, perkembangan internet yang turut di imbangi perkembangan teknologi membuat hal- hal dalam kehidupan manusia lebih cepat dan mudah indonesia merupakan negara yang turut merasakan perkembangan tersebut,pengguna internet terus mengalami peningkatan setiap harinya.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya pengaruh e-service quality, harga dan kepuasan pelanggan pada Perusahaan Jasa khususnya Jasa pengiriman paket.

Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dan verifikatif. Sampel dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode Sample Random Sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 orang pengguna jasa pengiriman paket. Teknik analisis menggunakan Teknik sampling yang gunakan adalah non random sampling dengan teknik Sratified Proporsional Random Sampling menggunakan analisis linier berganda dan SPSS Statistics versi 23.

Hasil penelitian diperoleh berdasarkan analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa variabel e-service quality berpengaruh positif terhadap kepuasan pelanggan. Berdasarkan analisis verifikatif membuktikan bahwa “e-service quality dan harga berpengaruh positif secara bersama-sama terhadap kepuasan pelanggan”. Besarnya pengaruh e-service quality dan harga terhadap kepuasan pelanggan sebesar 0,278 atau 27,8% artinya bahwa besarnya pengaruh variabel e-service quality dan harga terhadap kepuasan pelanggan sebesar 27,8% sedangkan 72,2% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang tidak diteliti dalam penelitian ini.

Kata Kunci : E-service quality, Harga, Kepuasan Pelanggan
PENGARUH E-PROMOTION DAN KUALITAS PRODUK TERHADAP MINAT BELI KONSUMEN PRODUK DI PT. XYZ
Authors: Citra Savitri  , Flora Patricia Anggela  
Published: August 2020

Kegiatan E-Promotion yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan terhadap produk yang dijualnya haruslah beriringan dengan kualitas produk yang dijual, karena banyaknya perusahaan yang berkompetisi perusahaan diharapkan mampu menciptakan produk yang bermutu tinggi serta berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan serta besarnya pengaruh E-Promotion, kualitas produk, terhadap minat beli konsumen pada PT. Bernofarm cabang Karawang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif, dan bersifat deskriptif dan verifikatif. Dalam penelitian ini akan diuji apakah e-promotion dan kualitas produk berpengaruh terhadap minat beli konsumen. Mengingat sifat penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dan verifikatif yang dilaksanakan melalui pengumpulan data di lapangan, maka metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode descriptive survey dan metode explanatory survey Hasil penelitian variabel E-Promotion menunjukan bahwa E-Promotion memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap Minat Beli yaitu sebesar 24.8%. Kualitas Produk memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan secara parsial terhadap terhadap Minat Beli yaitu sebesar 53.8%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian besaran angka pengaruh variabel E-Promotion adalah 24.8% dan Variabel Kualitas Produk sebesar 53.8%. maka dapat dinyatakan bahwa Kualitas Produk lebih banyak memberikan kontribusi terhadap Minat Beli dibandingakan dengan E-Promotion. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat korelasi antara e- promotion dengan kualitas produk sebesar 76.6%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa total pengaruh simultan E-Promotion dan Kualitas Produk sebesar 78.6%. sedangkan sisanya 21.4% merupakan pengaruh variabel lain (ɛ) yang tidak diteliti.
Kata Kunci : Promosi, Kualitas Produk, Minat Beli Konsumen.
Formulation and Evaluation of Oro Dispersible Tablets of Ondansetron Hydrochloride by Direct Compression using Superdisintegrants
Authors: R. Gosai Avani , B. Patil Sanjay , K. Sawant Krutika 
Published: August 2020

The objective of the present investigation was to prepare oro dispersible tablets of ondansetron hydrochloride, because of its application in emesis condition, fast onset of action and avoidance of water is highly desirable. Tablets were prepared by direct compression using sodium starch glycolate and croscarmellose as superdisintegrants, as the combination of these two agents gives better disintegration of the tablet. Microcrystalline cellulose was used as diluent and mannitol, mint flavor, sodium saccharine to enhance the organoleptic properties of tablets. The tablets were evaluated for weight variation, mechanical strength, in vitro disintegration time, in vivo disintegration time, wetting time, and drug release characteristics. Hardness and friability data indicated good mechanical strength of tablets. The results of in vitro disintegration time and in vivo disintegration time indicated that the tablets dispersed rapidly in mouth within 3 to 5 seconds. Dissolution study revealed faster release rate of ondansetron hydrochloride from the tablets as compared to pure drug and marketed conventional tablet formulation of ondansetron hydrochloride. It was concluded that superdisintegrants addition technique is a useful method for preparing oro dispersible tablets by direct compression method
Phytochemicals of Gentianaceae: A Review of Pharmacological Properties
Authors: Singh Amritpal 
Published: August 2020

Aim of the review paper is to give an enlightenment on potential phyto-constituents of Gentianaceae. Bitter principles (secoiridoid glycosides) and xanthones are widely distributed among plants belonging to the family Gentianaceae. Phytochemicals like amarogentin, bellidifolin, gentianine and swerchirin have been reported to possess significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-asthmatic, anticonvulsant, antihistaminic, antimalarial, antiamoebic, cytoprotective, diuretic, hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic properties. Topoisomerase inhibition is significant pharmacological activity reported from amarogentin. Further investigations exploring possible use of these phytochemicals as therapeutic agents are warranted. The articles reviews certain pharmacological investigations carried out on phytochemicals reported from Gentianaceae
Development of Mucoadhesive Buccal Films of Glipizide
Authors: Semalty Mona , Semalty Ajay , Kumar Ganesh , Juyal Vijay 
Published: August 2020

For improving bioavailability in controlled release fashion and to circumvent the hepatic first pass effect of glipizide mucoadhesive buccal films of glipizide were prepared by solvent casting technique. Buccal films were prepared using hydroxy propylmethylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, carbopol-934P and Eudragit RL-100. Films were evaluated for their weight, thickness, surface pH, swelling index, in vitro residence time, folding endurance, in vitro release, ex vivo permeation studies and drug content uniformity. The films exhibited controlled release over more than 6 h. From the study it was concluded that the films containing 5 mg glipizide in 4.9 % w/v hydroxy propylmethylcellulose and 1.5 % w/v sodium carboxymethylcellulose exhibited satisfactory swelling, an optimum residence time and promising drug release thus proved to be potential candidate for the development of buccal films for therapeutic use.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Starch – Urea – Borate as Rate Controlling Matrix for Controlled Release
Authors: KPR Chowdary , MN Murali Krishna 
Published: August 2020

The objective of the present investigation is to synthesize starch – urea – borate, a new starch based polymer and to evaluate its application in the design of controlled release matrix tablets of diclofenac and gliclazide. The release rate controlling efficiency of starch – urea – borate was also compared with that of known polymers. Starch – urea – borate (SUB) polymer was synthesized by gelatinization of starch in the presence of urea and borax. Matrix tablets of diclofenac (100 mg) and gliclazide (60 mg) were formulated employing starch – urea – borate polymer in different proportions of drug and polymer and the tablets were evaluated. With both diclofenac and gliclazide, release from the formulated matrix tablets was slow and spread over 24 h and depended on percent polymer in the tablet. Release was diffusion controlled and followed zero order kinetics. Non – fickian diffusion was the drug release mechanism from the formulated tablets. Diclofenac release from matrix tablets formulated employing 33 % SUB (DF3) and Gliclazide release from matrix tablets formulated employing 50 % SUB (GF4) was similar to that from the corresponding commercial SR tablets. Starch – urea – borate polymer was found suitable for the design of oral controlled release tablets of diclofenac and gliclazide. The order of increasing release rate controlling efficiency with various polymers was ethyl cellulose = guar gum > SUB > sodium CMC > HPMC. Starch – urea – borate is a better release rate controlling polymer than HPMC and sodium CMC for obtaining controlled release over 24 hours.
Recent Advances in Hormonal Contraceptives for Women
Authors: Reddy D. Samba 
Published: August 2020

Currently, Contraceptive agents play a key role in family planning in India. Hormonal contraception is the marketed most common birth control option in women. An estimated 100 million women throughout the world use hormonal contraceptives for prevention of pregnancy. This article briefly describes the recent advances in hormonal contraceptive strategies that may minimize side effects while optimizing effective contraception. There are four types of hormonal contraceptive agents available for birth control. They include oral contraceptives pills (combined and mini-pills), contraceptive patches, hormonal implants, intrauterine devices and hormone injection agents. Oral contraceptives (OCs) are among the most widely used agents because they are highly effective when used properly. Generally, OCs are designed to simulate the 28 days of the menstrual cycle by daily intake of steroid hormones consisting of an estrogen and/or a progesterone. The primary mechanism underlying OC action is inhibition of ovulation. This action is achieved using a variety of OCs with substantially different components, doses, and side effect profile. Two types of OC pills are widely available: combination pills; and progesterone only pills. The combined daily OC pill is composed of low dose of synthetic estrogen and progesterone. They are usually taken for 21 days with a 7 day gap during which menstruation-like bleeding occurs. Recently, there are several new OCs that have been approved to minimize the frequency and/or extent of breakthrough bleeding while achieving reliable means of contraception for the avoidance of unplanned pregnancies.
Spray Dried Mucoadhesive Microspheres of Ondansetron for Nasal Administration
Authors: Mahajan Hitendra , Gattani Surendra , Surana Sanjay 
Published: August 2020

Systemic delivery of drugs via nasal route has many advantages for protein and peptide drug molecules as well as conventional molecules. Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems are those that provide intimate contact of the drug are those that provide intimate contact of the drug with the mucosa for an extended period of time. In this current work chitosan mucoadhesive microspheres of ondansetron HCL were prepared by spray-drying method, with an aim to avoid first pass effect and to improve therapeutic efficacy of Ondansetron in treatment of nauseas and vomiting. Preformulation studies were carried out in order to find out the drug excipient interaction in order to find out the drug excipients. I.R. spectrum and TLC method was used to find out the interaction between drug and excipient. Formulations were evaluated for physical characteristics such as particle size, incorporation efficiency, swelling ability in vitro bioadhesion and in vitro drug release in pH 6.6 phosphate buffer. Average particle size of microspheres was found to be in size of microspheres was found to be in size range 7-9 µm. All microspheres had good percentage of entrapment efficiency between 88% and 97% chitosan microspheres showed very good mucoadhesion due to electrostatic attraction between chitosan and mucin. The Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectra obtained from various formulations of spray-dried microspheres showed no interaction within these formulations. The release of ondansetron hydrochloride from these microspheres was fast. These in vitro results show that spray-dried microspheres based on chitosan could be suitable nasal mucoadhesive delivery system for administration of ondansetron hydrochloride.
Influence of Helicteres isora L. Bark Extracts on Glycaemic Control and Renoprotective Activity in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Kumar Ganesan , Sharmila banu Gani , Murugesan Arunachalam Ganesan 
Published: August 2020

The present investigation, the aqueous bark extracts of Helicteres isora was investigated on glycaemic control and renoprotective activity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats using short term and long term study. The blood glucose lowering activity of the bark extracts (100, 200mg/kg) was determined in streptozotocin-induced (60 mg/kg) diabetic rats in short term study. Blood samples were collected at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 h after bark extracts administration and the samples were analyzed for blood glucose. In long term study, the bark extracts (100, 200 mg/kg) were administered to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, daily for 8 weeks. Blood glucose was measured at weekly intervals for 4 weeks. Urine samples were collected before the induction of diabetes and at the end of 8 weeks of treatments and analyzed for urinary protein, albumin and creatinine levels. The results shows that the aqueous bark extracts of Helicteres isora produced dose-dependent reduction in blood glucose of diabetic rats and comparable with that of standard drug, tolbutamide. The renoprotective activity is also observed in bark extracts treated rats. The results indicate a prolonged action in reduction of blood glucose by Helicteres isora and are probably mediated through enhanced secretion of insulin from the β-cells of Langerhans or through extra pancreatic mechanism. The probable mechanism of potent renoprotective actions of Helicteres isora has to be evaluated.
Effect of Polymeric Compositions on Pharmacotechnical Properties of Carvedilol Transdermal Film
Authors: D. Shivhare Umesh , P. Dorlikar Vikrant , P. Bhusari Kishore , B. Mathur Vijay , N. Mirani Bhiku 
Published: August 2020

Transdermal films of carvedilol were prepared by using Eudragit RL100 (ERL100) either alone or in combination with Eudragit RS100 (ERS100), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K 15 LV (HPMC), and ethyl cellulose (EC). The drug release was extended over a period of 24 h from all formulations. The formulation A5 showed 98.33 cumulative % drug releases in 24 h and followed zero order kinetics. The drug transport mechanism was observed to be Fickian. The cumulative % drug diffused through artificial permeation membrane (cellophane A 393) from same formulation was 100.52 % over a 12 h. The mechanism of dug release was governed by Peppas model and the drug diffusion rate followed zero order kinetics. The formulation A5 comprising of polymers ERL 100, ERS 100, EC and HPMC in 7:1:1:1 ratio fulfills the requirement of good TDDS.
3D QSAR Studies on Benzoxazoles and Oxazolo-(4, 5-b)pyridines as Anti-fungal agents
Authors: Begum Shaheen , K Satya Parameshwar , G K Ravindra , G Achaiah 
Published: August 2020

Benzoxazoles and Oxazolo-[4,5-b]pyridines have been reported as potent anti-fungal agents. 3D QSAR tools including CoMFA and CoMSIA have been known to be a promising approaches is to correlate structures and activity which further enable the medicinal chemists to design more potent molecules thus curtailing the cost and time in drug research. CoMFA and CoMSIA studies have been carried out on 31 molecules of benzoxazole and oxazolopyridines in order to determine the structural properties required for effective antifungal activity. 26 compounds were evaluated for establishing QSAR model, which was then validated by predicting the activities of five test set molecules. All the molecules were aligned by SYBYL database alignment which led to a best model with q2 value of 0.835, r2=0.976 and r2pred=0.773. This model was further employed to derive CoMSIA models, a best model with steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic and hydrogen bond acceptor indices exhibited q2 = 0.812, r2=0.971 and r2pred=0.81. The models thus obtained from this study can be useful for the design and development of new potential anti-fungal agents.
Chitosan Based Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery
Authors: Patel J. K. , N. P. Jivani  
Published: August 2020

Nanoparticles have gained considerable attention in recent years as one of the most promising drug delivery systems owing to their unique potentials via combining the different characteristics of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity with a nanoparticle (e.g., very small size). Several polymeric nanoparticulate systems have been prepared and characterized in recent years, based on both natural and synthetic polymers, each with its own advantages and drawbacks. Among the natural polymers, chitosan has been studied extensively for preparation of nanoparticles. Chitosan nanoparticles have been reported with different characteristics with respect to drug delivery. This review presents various types of chitosan based nanoparticles in drug delivery.
Factors Influencing the Design and Performance of Oral Sustained/Controlled Release Dosage Forms
Authors: Mamidala Ranjith Kumar , Ramana Vamshi , G Sandeep , Lingam Meka , Gannu Ramesh , Yamsani Madhusudan Rao 
Published: August 2020

Of all drug delivery systems, oral drug delivery remains the most preferred option for administration for various drugs. Availability of wide variety of polymers and frequent dosing intervals helps the formulation scientist to develop sustained/controlled release products. Oral Sustained release (S.R) / Controlled release (C.R) products provide an advantage over conventional dosage forms by optimizing bio-pharmaceutic, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of drugs in such a way that it reduces dosing frequency to an extent that once daily dose is sufficient for therapeutic management through uniform plasma concentration providing maximum utility of drug with reduction in local and systemic side effects and cure or control condition in shortest possible time by smallest quantity of drug to assure greater patient compliance. This review describes the various factors influencing the design and performance of sustained/controlled release products along with suitable illustrations.
Pulsatile Drug Delivery Systems: An Overview
Authors: Parmar Ramesh D. , Parikh Rajesh K. , G. Vidyasagar  , Patel Dhaval V. , Patel Chirag J. , Patel Biraju D. 
Published: August 2020

Pulsatile Drug Delivery Systems are gaining a lot of interest as they deliver the drug at the right place at the right time and in the right amount, thus providing spatial and temporal delivery and increasing patient compliance. These systems are designed according to the circadian rhythm of the body. The principle rationale for the use of pulsatile release of the drugs is where a constant drug release is not desired. A pulse has to be designed in such a way that a complete and rapid drug release is achieved after the lag time. Various systems like capsular systems, osmotic systems, single- and multiple-unit systems based on the use of soluble or erodible polymer coating and use of rupturable membranes have been dealt with in the article. It summarizes the latest technological developments, formulation parameters, and release profiles of these systems. These systems are beneficial for the drugs having chronopharmacological behavior where night time dosing is required, such as anti-arhythmic and anti-asthmatic.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of New 2-aryl-3, 4-dihydro-4-oxo Quinazolin [2,3-b]-2,3-dihydro-4-phenyl [1,3,4] Thiadiazepines
Authors: Shiva kumar B. , Kalyane Navnath V. , Krishna B. Shivaram , Shireesha B. , Reddy V. M. 
Published: August 2020

Three different 3-amino-2-mercaptoquinazolin-4(3H)-ones were prepared from the substituted anthranilic acids. Likewise four different chalcones were also prepared by mixed aldol condensation of four aromatic aldehydes with acetophenone. Each of the 3-amino, 2-mercapto quinazolinones was subjected to a cycloaddition reaction with chalcones, separately by heating under reflux in acetic anhydride. The product obtained in each case has been purified and characterized as the respective 2-aryl-3,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinazolin-[2,3-b]-2,3-dihydro-4-phenyl –1,3,4-thiadiazepine on the basis of their analytical and spectral data.
These new fused thiadiazepines were evaluated for their locomotor, anti psychotic and muscle relaxant activities by standard methods using animal models and compared with that of standard employed