bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound features of fetal toxoplasmosis: A contemporary multicenter survey in 88 fetuses
Authors: Codaccioni Camille , Picone Olivier , Lambert Véronique , Maurice Paul , Pomar Léo , Winer Norbert , Guibaud Laurent , Lavergne Rose‐Anne , Saliou Anne‐Hélène , Quinio Dorothée , Benachi Alexandra , Noel Catherine , Ville Yves , Cuillier Fabrice , Pomares Christelle , Ferret Nicole , Filisetti Denis , Weingertner Anne‐Sophie , Vequeau‐Goua Valérie , Cateau Estelle , Benoist Guillaume , Wallon Martine , Dommergues Marc , Villena Isabelle , Mandelbrot Laurent 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the lesions detected by prenatal ultrasound examination in congenital toxoplasmosis (CT).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed all cases of fetal infection with Toxoplasma gondii with ultrasound anomalies described by fetal medicine experts in 2009 to 2019 in 30 French centers.ResultsEighty‐eight cases of CT were included. Forty‐five (51.1%) had one or more cerebral signs only, 35 (39.8%) had cerebral plus extracerebral signs and 8 (9.1%) had extracerebral signs only. The main cerebral signs were intracranial hyperechogenic nodular foci (n = 60) of which 20 were isolated, ventriculomegalies (n = 44) which generally increased during follow‐up, and periventricular abscesses (n = 12). The main extracerebral signs were hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly (n = 14), small for gestational age (n = 14), ascites (n = 14, including 2 with hydrops), and hyperechogenic bowel (n = 11). Maternal infection occurred mostly in the first or second trimester (81 cases), periconceptionally in one and in the third trimester in six cases. The first ultrasound signs were detected after a median of 7 weeks (range: 1.4; 24.0) following maternal toxoplasmosis seroconversion.ConclusionWhile no sign was specific of CT, there were typical associations of cerebral signs with or without extracerebral signs. Detailed ultrasound examination could improve prognostic evaluation, as well as diagnosis of CT in settings lacking serological screening.
Enhanced mechanical and flame retardancy properties of vinyl ester resin systems with the synthesis of two flame retardants with vinyl group
Authors: Zhang Xin , Zhang Weiwei , Zhang Wenchao , Yang Rongjie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTwo PEPA‐based (PEPABFR) and DOPO‐based (DOPOBFR) flame retardants with vinyl groups were synthesized successfully via 1‐oxyphospha‐4‐hydroxymethyl‐2,6,7‐trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (PEPA) or 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene 10‐oxide (DOPO) with isocyanoethyl methacrylate using a one‐pot method. Their structures were confirmed using Fourier transform infrared, 1H NMR and 31P NMR spectroscopies and matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. The mechanical performance, thermal properties and flame retardant performance of systems with 15 wt% synthetic flame retardants were investigated using bending tests, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurements and cone calorimeter tests. The results show that the bending strength and flexural modulus are improved significantly. The LOI increases to 29.3% and 30.7% with incorporation to 15 wt% PEPABFR and 15% wt% DOPOBFR from the 20.3% corresponding to pure vinyl ester resin (VER). The peak heat release rate decreases by 16.9% and 39.3% and total heat release decreases by 20.1% and 36.4% for VER/PEPABFR and VER/DOPOBFR systems. Furthermore, the flame retardancy mechanism of the flame retardants was studied using thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Ultrasound‐Guided Iliopsoas Tendon Release: A Cadaveric Investigation
Authors: Johnson Wade O. , Sellon Jacob L. , Moore Brittany J. , Levy Bruce A. , Lachman Nirusha , Finnoff Jonathan T. 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundThe iliopsoas is a common source of anterior hip pain. Refractory cases may require surgical intervention, with reported complication rates ranging from 3% to 50%. Development of a minimally invasive, outpatient method of iliopsoas tendon release is desirable and may reduce costs, lower complications, and improve recovery time.ObjectiveTo describe and evaluate the safety and reproducibility of an ultrasound‐guided (USG) iliopsoas tendon release using a spinal needle in a cadaveric model.DesignProspective, cadaveric laboratory investigation.SettingAcademic Institution Procedural Skills Laboratory.ParticipantsFive unembalmed cadaveric specimens (three female, two male), 69 to 93 years of age (mean 83.2 years), with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 24.5 kg/m2 (range 19.2 to 30.3 kg/m2).InterventionsTwo operators each performed five USG iliopsoas tendon releases. Three additional investigators dissected the pelves to assess completeness of tendon release and damage to adjacent structures.Main Outcome MeasuresSuccessful transection, completeness (%) of the tendon transection, damage to adjacent structures, and procedural time.ResultsNine of 10 releases achieved the target release of ≥75% tendon transection. One procedure achieved 50% tendon release. No injury to adjacent structures was identified. The mean duration of the procedure was 6.19 minutes.ConclusionsUSG iliopsoas tendon release can be performed in a cadaveric model, consistently achieve the desired percentage of tendon release, does not result in injury to adjacent neurovascular structures, and takes approximately 6 minutes to perform. Although results cannot be generalized to a clinical setting, due to the minimally invasive nature of the procedure, it is likely that this procedure can be performed safely in an outpatient setting under local anesthesia, will cost less, and will facilitate a more rapid recovery when compared to standard surgical procedures. Further research is warranted for clinical application.
Cardiomyocyte Proteome Remodeling due to Isoproterenol‐Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy during the Compensated Phase
Authors: Parreira Ricardo Cambraia , Gómez‐Mendoza Diana Paola , de Jesus Itamar Couto Guedes , Lemos Rafael Pereira , Santos Anderson Kennedy , Rezende Cristiana Perdigão , Figueiredo Henrique César Pereira , Pinto Mauro Cunha Xavier , Kjeldsen Frank , Guatimosim Silvia , Resende Rodrigo Ribeiro , Verano‐Braga Thiago 
Published: June 2020

PurposeAlthough the pathophysiological response of cardiac tissue to pro‐hypertrophic stimulus is well characterized, a comprehensive characterization of the molecular events underlying the pathological hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes during the early compensated cardiac hypertrophy is currently lacking.Experimental designA quantitative label‐free proteomic analysis of cardiomyocytes isolated was conducted from mice treated subcutaneously with isoproterenol (ISO) during 7 days in comparison with cardiomyocytes from control animals (CT).ResultsCanonical pathway analysis of dysregulated proteins indicated that ISO‐hypertrophy drives the activation of actin cytoskeleton and integrin‐linked kinase (ILK) signaling, and inhibition of the sirtuin signaling. Alteration in cardiac contractile function and calcium signaling are predicted as downstream effects of ISO‐hypertrophy probably due to the upregulation of key elements such as myosin‐7 (MYH7). Confocal microscopy corroborated that indeed ISO‐treatment led to increased abundance of MYH7. Potential early markers for cardiac hypertrophy as APBB1, GOLGA4, HOOK1, KATNA1, KIFBP, MAN2B2, and SLC16A1 are also reported.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThe data consist in a complete molecular mapping of ISO‐induced compensated cardiac hypertrophy model at cardiomyocyte level. Marker candidates reported may assist early diagnosis of cardiac hypertrophy and ultimately heart failure.
The association between serum sex steroid hormone concentrations and intraprostatic inflammation in men without prostate cancer and irrespective of clinical indication for biopsy in the placebo arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial
Authors: Chadid Susan , Barber John R. , Nelson William G. , Gurel Bora , Lucia M. Scott , Thompson Ian M. , Goodman Phyllis J. , Stanczyk Frank Z. , Parnes Howard L. , Lippman Scott M. , De Marzo Angelo M. , Platz Elizabeth A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntraprostatic inflammation is an emerging prostate cancer risk factor. Estrogens are pro‐inflammatory while androgens are anti‐inflammatory. Thus, we investigated whether serum sex steroid hormone concentrations are associated with intraprostatic inflammation to inform mechanistic links among hormones, inflammation, and prostate cancer.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study among 247 men in the placebo arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial who had a negative end‐of‐study biopsy, most (92.7%) performed without clinical indication per trial protocol. Serum estradiol, estrone, and testosterone were previously measured by immunoassay in pooled baseline and Year 3 serum. Free estradiol and free testosterone were calculated. Inflammation was visually assessed (median of three prostate biopsy cores per man). Polytomous or logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of some or all cores inflamed (both vs none) or any core inflamed (vs none) by hormone tertile, adjusting for age, race, and family history. We evaluated effect modification by waist circumference and body mass index (BMI).ResultsIn all, 51.4% had some and 26.3% had all cores inflamed. Free (P‐trend = .11) but not total estradiol was suggestively inversely associated with all cores inflamed. In men with waist circumference greater than or equal to 102 cm (P‐trend = .021) and BMI ≥ 27.09 kg/m2 (P‐trend = .0037) free estradiol was inversely associated with any core inflamed. Estrone was inversely associated with all cores inflamed (T3: OR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.14‐0.95, P‐trend = .036). Total (T3: OR = 1.91, 95% CI 0.91‐4.02, P‐trend = .11) and free (T3: OR = 2.19, 95% CI 1.01‐4.74, P‐trend = .05) testosterone were positively associated with any core inflamed, especially free testosterone in men with waist circumference less than 102 cm (T3: OR = 3.51, 95% CI 1.03‐12.11, P‐trend = .05).ConclusionsIn this first study in men without prostate cancer and irrespective of clinical indication for biopsy, contrary to the hypothesis, circulating estrogens appeared to be inversely associated, especially in heavy men, whereas androgens appeared to be positively associated with intraprostatic inflammation.
Development and initial clinical correlation of a DNA methylation‐based blood test for prostate cancer
Authors: Carson Jacob J. K. , Di Lena Michael A. , Berman David M. , Siemens D. Robert , Mueller Christopher R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundOne of the principle limitations for more precise management of advanced prostate cancer is the lack of accurate biomarkers allowing estimation of tumor burden, ongoing assessment of progression, and response to treatment. Although prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) performs modestly, nonsecreting cancers including those with early castrate‐resistance warrant investigation of other predictive biomarkers. The objectives of these studies were to develop and perform initial validation of a circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) methylation assay.MethodsMethylation DETection of Circulating Tumor DNA (mDETECT) is a highly multiplexed targeted sequencing DNA methylation‐based ctDNA blood test that captures the vast majority of prostate cancer phenotypes due to a careful development process that ensures that each probe region is methylated in at least 50% of all methylation‐based subtypes and is not methylated in normal tissues. Next‐generation sequencing of targeted polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products whose amplification is biased towards methylated DNA ensures the specificity of the assay by identifying multiple tumor‐specific methylated CpG residues in each read.ResultsThe final test is comprised of 46 PCR probes to 40 regions. It is relatively resistant to contaminating normal DNA and as a result functions in both serum and plasma samples. The assay was initially validated in a variety of prostate cancer cell lines to ensure specificity. Using a small number of longitudinal samples from prostate cancer patients initiating androgen deprivation therapy, the ability of mDETECT to track tumor burden was assessed compared with PSA. The mDETECT test signal generally paralleled that of PSA increasing and decreasing commensurate with tumor evolution in these patients. In two cases it appeared to anticipate clinical progression by a number of months compared to PSA and in a PSA nonproducing case, it was able to track tumor progression.ConclusionsmDETECT offers a promising tool for the assessment of prostate cancer burden based on the sensitive detection of prostate‐specific ctDNA and requires further validation.
The actin cytoskeleton orchestra in Entamoeba histolytica
Authors: Rath Pragyan Parimita , Gourinath Samudrala 
Published: June 2020

AbstractYears of evolution have kept actin conserved throughout various clades of life. It is an essential protein starring in many cellular processes. In a primitive eukaryote named Entamoeba histolytica, actin directs the process of phagocytosis. A finely tuned coordination between various actin‐binding proteins (ABPs) choreographs this process and forms one of the virulence factors for this protist pathogen. The ever‐expanding world of ABPs always has space to accommodate new and varied types of proteins to the earlier existing repertoire. In this article, we report the identification of 390 ABPs from Entamoeba histolytica. These proteins are part of diverse families that have been known to regulate actin dynamics. Most of the proteins are primarily uncharacterized in this organism; however, this study aims to annotate the ABPs based on their domain arrangements. A unique characteristic about some of the ABPs found is the combination of domains present in them unlike any other reported till date. Calponin domain‐containing proteins formed the largest group among all types with 38 proteins, followed by 29 proteins with the infamous BAR domain in them, and 23 proteins belonging to actin‐related proteins. The other protein families had a lesser number of members. Presence of exclusive domain arrangements in these proteins could guide us to yet unknown actin regulatory mechanisms prevalent in nature. This article is the first step to unraveling them.
Numerous severely twisted N‐acetylglucosamine conformations found in the protein databank
Authors: Hendrickx Johann , Tran Vinh , Sanejouand Yves‐Henri 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTaking advantage of the known planarity of the N‐acetyl group of N‐acetylglucosamine, an analysis of the quality of carbohydrate structures found in the protein databank was performed. Few obvious defects of the local geometry of the carbonyl group were observed. However, the N‐acetyl group was often found in the less favorable cis conformation (12% of the cases). It was also found severely twisted in numerous instances, especially in structures with a resolution poorer than 1.9 Å determined between 2000 and 2015. Though the automated PDB‐REDO procedure has proved able to improve nearly 85% of the structural models deposited to the PDB, and does prove able to cure most severely twisted conformations of the N‐acetyl group, it fails to correct its high rate of cis conformations. More generally, for structures with a resolution poorer than 1.6 Å, it produces N‐acetylglucosamine models in slightly poorer agreement with experimental data, as measured using real‐space correlation coefficients. Significant improvements are thus still needed, at least as far as this carbohydrate structure is concerned.
Using restraints in EROS‐DOCK improves model quality in pairwise and multicomponent protein docking
Authors: Ruiz Echartea Maria Elisa , Ritchie David W. , Chauvot de Beauchêne Isaure 
Published: June 2020

AbstractProtein docking algorithms aim to predict the 3D structure of a protein complex from the structures of its separated components. In the past, most docking algorithms focused on docking pairs of proteins to form dimeric complexes. However, attention is now turning towards the more difficult problem of using docking methods to predict the structures of multicomponent complexes. In both cases, however, the constituent proteins often change conformation upon complex formation, and this can cause many algorithms to fail to detect near‐native binding orientations due to the high number of atomic steric clashes in the list of candidate solutions. An increasingly popular way to retain more near‐native orientations is to define one or more restraints that serve to modulate or override the effect of steric clashes. Here, we present an updated version of our “EROS‐DOCK” docking algorithm which has been extended to dock arbitrary dimeric and trimeric complexes, and to allow the user to define residue‐residue or atom‐atom interaction restraints. Our results show that using even just one residue‐residue restraint in each interaction interface is sufficient to increase the number of cases with acceptable solutions within the top 10 from 51 to 121 out of 173 pairwise docking cases, and to successfully dock 8 out of 11 trimeric complexes.
Cover Image, Volume 76, Issue 7
Authors: Li Dan‐Ting , Dai Yi‐Ting , Chen Xuan , Wang Xin‐Qiu , Li Ze‐Dong , Moussian Bernard , Zhang Chuan‐Xi 
Published: June 2020

The cover image is based on the Research Article Ten fatty acyl‐CoA reductase family genes were essential for the survival of the destructive rice pest, Nilaparvata lugens by Dan‐Ting Li et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.5765.image
Resistance monitoring to four insecticides and mechanisms of resistance in Lygus lineolaris Palisot de Beauvois (Hemiptera: Miridae) populations of southeastern USA cotton
Authors: Dorman Seth J , Gross Aaron D , Musser Fred R , Catchot Beverly D , Smith Ronald H , Reisig Dominic D , Reay‐Jones Francis PF , Greene Jeremy K , Roberts Phillip M , Taylor Sally V 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDEconomically damaging infestations of the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), have become more frequent in Virginia and North Carolina cotton since 2013 and 2010, respectively. Foliar insecticide use has increased dramatically in response. Efficacy data (LC50) are needed to evaluate L. lineolaris susceptibility and resistance levels (RR50) to commonly used and recommended insecticides for managing this pest in the southeastern USA.RESULTSElevated resistance levels to acephate and bifenthrin were measured in L. lineolaris populations collected from wild and cultivated hosts in Virginia, North Carolina and northern Alabama when compared to a susceptible laboratory population. High levels of bifenthrin resistance were observed in 2018 and 2019. Mixed‐function oxidase and esterase (EST) inhibitors, piperonyl butoxide and S,S,S‐Tributyl phosphotrithioate, respectively, had a synergistic effect on bifenthrin with resistant populations of L. lineolaris. Bifenthrin‐resistant L. lineolaris populations expressed elevated levels of cytochrome P450 (CYP450) monooxygenase and general EST activity. Results suggest that insecticide resistance is present in some locations and that CYP450 and EST activity in L. lineolaris contribute to pyrethroid resistance in the southeastern USA.CONCLUSIONSResults can serve as a baseline for continued monitoring of L. lineolaris insecticide resistance and inform insecticide resistance management strategies that help southeastern USA cotton producers to minimize inputs and slow resistance development. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Note to chew on: insect damage to musical instruments
Authors: Stanhope Jessica , Weinstein Philip 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInsects have a diverse range of ecologies that leaves many pre‐adapted to exploiting manufactured products as food sources, including musical instruments. To review what is known and to make recommendations for preventing and managing insect damage to musical instruments, we conducted a systematic search and a narrative review of the area. Of 339 papers, only eight peer‐reviewed publications met the inclusion criteria, and all were on xylophagous insects causing damage to wooden instruments. To supplement this material, we report a case of damage to the key pads (composed of felt enclosed in fish buoyancy bladder skin) of a clarinet by carpet beetles (Anthrenus verbasci (Dermestidae)), the first reported case of non‐woody damage and the first instance of insect damage rendering an instrument unplayable. To avoid such damage, regular inspection of instruments is recommended, and rapid treatment of any insect infestations in the immediate environment that could extend to affecting stored instruments. Instruments themselves can be extremely expensive, and if insects are still present these should only be treated by an expert; instrument cases can be more easily dealt with by heat treatment (black plastic bag in the sun) or application of a residual insecticide. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Two classic mutations in the linker‐helix IIL45 and segment IIS6 of Apolygus lucorum sodium channel confer pyrethroid resistance
Authors: Wang Likui , Lin Lianyun , Wang Hao , Duan Wenbo , Li Fen , Zhang Kun , Cao Peng , Yuchi Zhiguang , Wu Shaoying 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPyrethroids are classified as type I and type II for distinct symptomology. Voltage‐gated sodium channel is a primary target of pyrethroids. Mutations of the insect sodium channel have been identified to result in resistance to pyrethroids. Double mutation (L1002F/M906I) was detected in field‐strain of Apolygus lucorum (Meyer‐Dür). Although, it was illuminated the function of the same position mutation in other pests, it is necessary to demonstrate the role in A. lucorum .RESULTSIn this study, we examined the effects of mutations on channel gating and pyrethroid sensitivity in Xenopus oocytes. L1002F, M906I and L1002F/M906I all shifted the voltage dependence of activation in the depolarizing direction. L1002F, M906I and L1002F/M906I all reduced the amplitude of tail currents induced by type I (bifenthrin and permethrin) and type II (λ‐cyhalothrin and deltamethrin). The double mutation, L1002F/M906I, reduced integral channel modification by 10‐fold compared with the L1002F and M906I mutations alone, respectively. Computational analysis based on the model of dual pyrethroid receptors, the two resistance mutations, L1002F and M906I are facing two opposite sides of this newly identified pocket. Both mutations affect the optimal binding of the ligands by changing the shape of the pocket but in different ways.CONCLUSIONOur results illustrate the distinct effect of mutations on pyrethroids. It is predicted with computer modeling that these mutations allosterically affect pyrethroid binding. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry