bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and mechanism of all-optical switching based on a
one-dimensional two-connected periodic triangle optical waveguide
network
Authors: Yao Xinru , Yang Xiangbo , Wang Qing , Zhang Min , Deng Dongmei , Liu Hongzhan , Wei Zhongchao 
Published: August 2020

In this study, an all-optical switch is designed using a one-dimensional
two-segment-connected periodic triangular optical waveguide network,
and its switching characteristics and mechanism are investigated. The
performance of the switch is numerically calculated by using the
network equation and the generalized eigenfunction method and we find
it relatively excellent. Its switching efficiency ratio reached

3.7202

×

10

16

, which is 5 orders of magnitude
larger than the best reported result. The switching threshold control
energy is approximately

1.8

×

10

−
20

J

, which is 1 order of magnitude larger
than the best reported result. The switch size is approximately

0.0672

µ

m

2

and the integration degree is up to

14

p
e
r

/

µ

m

2

, and it can be used for micrometer
chip integration. The switching time is close to 209 fs, which is the
same order of magnitude as the previously reported results. In
addition, the all-optical switching designed in this study not only
exhibits excellent switching performance and a novel working
mechanism, but also provides a new technology for the design of
pump-free all-optical switching devices.
Efficient implementation of the Shack–Hartmann centroid extraction for edge computing
Authors: Mocci Jacopo , Busato Federico , Bombieri Nicola , Bonora Stefano , Muradore Riccardo 
Published: August 2020

Adaptive optics (AO) is an established technique to measure and compensate for optical aberrations. One of its key components is the wavefront sensor (WFS), which is typically a Shack–Hartmann sensor (SH) capturing an image related to the aberrated wavefront. We propose an efficient implementation of the SH-WFS centroid extraction algorithm, tailored for edge computing. In the edge-computing paradigm, the data are elaborated close to the source (i.e., at the edge) through low-power embedded architectures, in which CPU computing elements are combined with heterogeneous accelerators (e.g., GPUs, field-programmable gate arrays). Since the control loop latency must be minimized to compensate for the wavefront aberration temporal dynamics, we propose an optimized algorithm that takes advantage of the unified CPU/GPU memory of recent low-power embedded architectures. Experimental results show that the centroid extraction latency obtained over spot images up to

700
×
700

pixels wide is smaller than 2 ms. Therefore, our approach meets the temporal requirements of small- to medium-sized AO systems, which are equipped with deformable mirrors having tens of actuators.
Near-octave lithium niobate soliton microcomb
Authors: Gong Zheng , Liu Xianwen , Xu Yuntao , Tang Hong X. 
Published: August 2020

Thin film lithium niobate (LN) is bringing renewed potential to the realm of integrated photonics. Its strong quadratic and cubic nonlinearities as well as wide transparency window are ideal for realizing on-chip self-referenced soliton microcombs. However, broadband Kerr cavity soliton generation in LN thin films remains challenging due to limited dispersion control and competition from strong stimulated Raman scattering (SRS). Here, we demonstrate the generation of soliton microcombs in LN thin films featuring broad spectral spans up to 4/5 octaves with the emission of dual dispersion waves (2/3 octaves apart) and sub-terahertz repetition rates (down to 335 GHz) by suppressing strong SRS. Numerical simulations based on coupled-mode equations that incorporate Raman effects further elucidate the soliton dynamics in this highly Raman-active material system.
Efficacy of Norfloxacin Prophylaxis to Prevent Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mücke Marcus M. , Mücke Victoria T. , Graf Christiana , Schwarzkopf Katharina M. , Ferstl Philip G. , Fernandez Javier , Zeuzem Stefan , Trebicka Jonel , Lange Christian M. , Herrmann Eva 
Published: August 2020

INTRODUCTION:
With the emergence of multidrug-resistant organisms, the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) has been debated. The aim of this study was to assess factors impacting effectiveness of SBP prophylaxis.

METHODS:
We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Registry from inception to May 2019 to identify randomized controlled trials of patients with liver cirrhosis that assessed SBP occurrence/recurrence during antibiotic prophylaxis with the common antibiotic agents. Network meta-analysis was performed, pooling data with regard to incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of SBP, death, or extraperitoneal infections.

RESULTS:
Overall, 1,626 patients in 12 randomized controlled trials were included. During primary prophylaxis, the incidence rate of SBP and death in the norfloxacin-treated patients was 0.117 and 0.438 per patient-year, respectively, and IRRs of placebo vs norfloxacin were significantly higher (IRR 5.35, 95% confidence interval 1.99–14.38, P = 0.0009 for SBP and IRR 2.04, 95% confidence interval 1.20–3.44, P = 0.008 for death). The efficacy of norfloxacin to prevent SBP, but not death, decreased over time (annual percent change from 1992 to 2015 8.2%, P = 0.019), The positive treatment effect was lower in studies including patients with increased ascites protein (P = 0.021) or exceedingly high serum bilirubin (P = 0.012) levels. Norfloxacin was not superior to other antibiotics. The incidence rate of SBP was 2.5-fold higher in patients treated with norfloxacin as secondary compared with primary prophylaxis. No significant differences between treatment designs were observed in secondary prophylaxis.

DISCUSSION:
Norfloxacin remained superior to placebo in preventing SBP, yet the efficacy to prevent SBP, not death, decreased over time. Further studies to understand this phenomenon are urgently needed.
FRand: MATLAB Toolbox for Fuzzy Random Number Simulation
Authors: Figueroa Garcia Juan Carlos , Tenjo García Jhoan Sebastian 
Published: August 2020

Context: This paper presents a MATLAB code implementation and the GUI (General User Interface) for fuzzy random variable generation. Based on previous theoretical results and applications, a MATLAB toolbox has been developed and tested for selected membership functions.
Method: A two–step methodology was used: i) a MATLAB toolbox was implemented to be used as interface and ii) all .m functions are available to be used as normal code. The main goal is to provide graphical and code–efficient tools to users.
Results: The main obtained results are the MATLAB GUI and code. In addition, some experiments were ran to evaluate its capabilities and some randomness statistical tests were successfully performed.
Conclusions: Satisfactory results were obtained from the implementation of the MATLAB code/toolbox. All randomness tests were accepted and all performed experiments shown stability of the toolbox even for large samples (>10.000). Also, the code/toolbox are available online.
Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank to the Prof. M Sc. Miguel Melgarejo and Prof. Jos´e Jairo Soriano–Mendez sincerely for their interest and invaluable support, and a special gratefulness is given to all members of LAMIC.
Ablepharon macrostomia syndrome in a Thai patient: case report and literature review
Authors: Kor-anantakul Phawin , Suphapeetiporn Kanya , Jaruratanasirikul Somchit 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Ablepharon macrostomia syndrome (AMS) is a rare congenital disorder. To our knowledge, only 20 cases have been reported to date, and all in patients from Western countries. We report a case of AMS in a Thai patient, who presented at age 3 months with severe ectropion of both upper and lower eyelids, alopecia totalis, no palpable clitoris, and hypoplasia of both labia minora and labia majora. Trio whole exome sequencing analysis was performed, which revealed a heterozygous missense c.223G>A (p.Glu75Lys) variation in TWIST2. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of AMS in a patient from Thailand and the first reported case of AMS in Asia.
A posteriori analysis of the spectral element discretization of a non linear heat equation
Authors: Abdelwahed Mohamed , Chorfi Nejmeddine 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The paper deals with a posteriori analysis of the spectral element discretization of a non linear heat equation. The discretization is based on Euler’s backward scheme in time and spectral discretization in space. Residual error indicators related to the discretization in time and in space are defined. We prove that those indicators are upper and lower bounded by the error estimation.
How do Optimistic Individuals Affect Insurance Advertisements?
Authors: Fujii Yoichiro , Ogaku Michiko , Okura Mahito , Osaki Yusuke 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Some people have optimistic expectations regarding their accident probability, and thus, refrain from purchasing adequate insurance. This study investigates how insurance firms use advertisements to lower the ratio of optimistic individuals in the market. The main results are as follows: first, the optimal level of advertisements is maximized when the insurance premium is moderate. Second, the maximum level of advertisement varies according to the degree of optimism, which is measured by the difference between accurate and optimistic accident probabilities. Third, the advertisement decision is affected by the free-rider problem, and the equilibrium number of insurance firms with advertisement is always larger than that of firms without advertisement in a competitive insurance market.
Kinder über das Vorlesen für naturwissenschaftlich-technische Themen begeistern
Authors: Thate Stefanie 
Published: August 2020

Zusammenfassung
Viele naturwissenschaftliche und technische Phänomene lassen sich über spannende Geschichten erklären und erzählen. Wissenschaftliche Studien zeigen, dass sich gerade im Grundschulalter durch die Beschäftigung mit mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlich-technischen Fragestellungen die Sprach- und Lesekompetenz fördern lässt und umgekehrt.MINT-Vorlesepaten begeistern Kinder zwischen drei und zehn Jahren über das Vorlesen geeigneter Lesematerialien (Bücher und Apps) und Anschlussaktionen für MINT-Themen und fördern ihre Sprach- und Lesekompetenz.
„Wie entsteht eigentlich Zukunft?“
Authors: Brandt Susanne 
Published: August 2020

Zusammenfassung
Mit dem Projekt „Das weiße Blatt“ hat die Büchereizentrale Schleswig-Holstein 2018 einen Prozess begonnen, der in besonderer Weise eine lebendige Auseinandersetzung mit Zukunftsfragen anregt und sich an einer Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung orientiert. Kennzeichen des Projekts sind die Offenheit für Kooperationen und eine dynamische Fortsetzung, auch über den ursprünglichen Projektzeitraum hinaus, geprägt von einer multimedialen, digitalen wie analogen Vielfalt, die sich bis heute aus den Impulsen des Projekts mit kreativ gestalteten Formen wie E-Book, Film, Podcast, Blog u.v.m. laufend weiterentwickelt. Von elementarer Bedeutung ist dabei außerdem die globale Perspektive, die in verschiedenen internationalen Bezügen des Projekts zum Ausdruck kommt. Mit dem folgenden Bericht wird dieser Entwicklungsprozess von den Grundüberlegungen bis hin zu den vielfältigen Variantenbildungen, die seither aus dem Projekt hervorgegangen sind – auch aktuell unter den besonderen Bedingungen der Pandemie – nachgezeichnet. Ende offen ...
Video-Streaming in Bibliotheken – vom Pilotprojekt zum internationalen Publikum
Authors: Bohn Anna , Mutter Moritz 
Published: August 2020

Zusammenfassung
Angesichts der disruptiven Veränderungen auf dem Filmmarkt stellt sich für Bibliotheken die Herausforderung, digitale Angebote des Online-Zugangs zu Filmen per Video-Streaming zu entwickeln. Ziel ist, die filminteressierte Nutzerschaft nicht zu verlieren, den Bildungsauftrag wahrzunehmen und soziale Teilhabe zu sichern. Der Verbund der Öffentlichen Bibliotheken Berlins mit der Zentral- und Landesbibliothek Berlin (ZLB) entwickelte gemeinsam mit Partnern aus der Filmindustrie in Pionierarbeit neue Video-Streaming-Angebote für Bibliotheken. Im Rahmen des Projekts Digitale Welten des Verbunds der Öffentlichen Bibliotheken Berlins (VÖBB), zu dem die ZLB gehört, konnten zwei Video-Streaming-Angebote erfolgreich starten: Audio Visual Access, abgekürzt AVA in Kooperation mit der reelport GmbH, Köln, und co-finanziert durch das Creative Europe Media-Programm der EU-Kommission, sowie filmfriend in Kooperation mit der filmwerte GmbH, Potsdam. Dank des wachsenden Netzwerks teilnehmender Bibliotheken sind die Video-Streaming-Angebote AVA und filmfriend inzwischen für ein überregionales und internationales Publikum mit Bibliotheksausweis zugänglich.
Technical challenges for offshore cultivation of kelp species: lessons learned and future directions
Authors: Bak Urd Grandorf , Gregersen Ólavur , Infante Javier 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Traditional kelp farming methods require a high amount of labor and are limited in geographic distribution – occurring mainly in nearshore, sheltered sites. To address growing global demand for sustainable biomass, the continued expansion of kelp cultivation will most likely have to move further offshore. Although many offshore cultivation trials have been done over the last 50 years, few were sufficiently robust to be viable in exposed and deep-water areas. In the North Atlantic Ocean, a Faroese company developed and tested a structural farm design that has survived in open-ocean conditions since 2010. The durable structure has withstood harsh weather events common in the Faroe Islands and thereby presents a potential strategy and method for moving kelp farming further offshore. This paper describes the primary challenges of offshore kelp farming and provides an overview of work previously done. Ultimately, the improved productivity, system survivability and scalability the MacroAlgal Cultivation Rig (Faroe Islands) and the BioArchitecture Lab cultivation grid (Chile) represent state-of-the-art and powerfully transformative strategies to pursue large-scale offshore farming to support mass production of kelp in the near future.
The intertwining of differentiation and attraction as exemplified by the history of recipient transfer and benefactive alternations
Authors: Traugott Elizabeth Closs 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDe Smet et al. (2018) propose that when functionally similar constructions come to overlap, analogical attraction may occur. So may differentiation, but this process involves attraction to other subnetworks and is both “accidental” and “exceptional”. I argue that differentiation plays a considerably more significant role than De Smet et al. allow. My case study is the development of the dative and benefactive alternations. The rise of the dative alternation (e.g., “gave the Saxons land” ∼ “gave land to the Saxons”) has been shown to occur in later Middle English between 1400 and 1500 (Zehentner 2018). Building on Zehentner and Traugott (2020), the rise of the benefactive alternation (e.g., “build her a house” ∼ “build a house for her”) in Early Modern English c1650 is analyzed from a historical constructionalist perspective and compared with the rise of the dative alternation. The histories of the alternations exemplify the rise of functionally similar constructions that overlap, and show that differentiation from each other plays as large a role as attraction. Both attraction and differentiation occur at several levels of abstraction: verb-specific constructions, schemas and larger systemic changes.
Ancient solutions for Andrews’ hypersurface flow
Authors: Lu Peng , Zhou Jiuru 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We construct the ancient solutions of the hypersurface flows in Euclidean spaces
studied by B. Andrews in 1994.
As time

t
→

0
-

{t\rightarrow 0^{-}}

the solutions collapse to a round point where 0 is the singular time.
But as

t
→

-
∞

{t\rightarrow-\infty}

the solutions become more and more oval.
Near the center the appropriately-rescaled pointed Cheeger–Gromov limits are round cylinder solutions

S
J

×

ℝ

n
-
J

{S^{J}\times\mathbb{R}^{n-J}}

,

1
≤
J
≤

n
-
1

{1\leq J\leq n-1}

.
These results are the analog of the corresponding results in Ricci flow (

J
=

n
-
1

{J=n-1}

) and mean curvature flow.
Virtual cycles of gauged Witten equation
Authors: Tian Gang , Xu Guangbo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we construct virtual cycles on moduli spaces of solutions to the perturbed gauged Witten equation over a fixed smooth r-spin curve, under the framework of [G. Tian and G. Xu, Analysis of gauged Witten equation, J. reine angew. Math. 740 (2018), 187–274]. Together with the wall-crossing formula proved in the companion paper [G. Tian and G. Xu,
A wall-crossing formula for the correlation function of gauged linear σ-model, preprint], this paper completes the construction of the correlation function for the gauged linear σ-model announced in [G. Tian and G. Xu, Correlation functions in gauged linear σ-model, Sci. China Math. 59 (2016), 823–838] as well as the proof of its invariance.
The Development of Information System with Strategic Planning for Integrated System in the Indonesian Pharmaceutical Company
Authors: Gaol Ford Lumban , Rahayu Suci , Matsuo Tokuro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This research aims to develop an integrated information system for pharmaceutical companies in Indonesia, which has separate business units in two different locations. An Integrated System is needed to provide the value of competence in the technology and information systems that companies use in their business processes. The development stage starts from the assessment and understanding of the current situation both in the business environment and the IS/IT environment. The business environment includes the internal business environment and external business environment.Similarly, the IS/IT environment which includes internal and external IS/IT environments. With a deep understanding of current conditions, it can be determined the Information System(IS) strategy, Information Technology(IT) strategy and future IS/IT strategies. This study reveals the following results: The absence of good system integration with the business units involved makes the company in a weak position. But in terms of opportunity is quite high so that the use of technology and information systems that fit business needs is recommended in this study. The results of this study recommends some applications that can solve problems commonly experienced by companies such as system integration and business process automation to achieve more efficient and effective business processes.
Eco-friendly synthesis of AuNPs for cutaneous wound-healing applications in nursing care after surgery
Authors: Nie Shijun , Wei Ran , Zhou Haoxin , Zhang Liang , Chen Zhinan , Hou Limin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe current work described the preparation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using the plant extract of Impatiens balsamina followed by evaluating their wound-healing potential. The formed NPs were studied by performing UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Further, both the thermal and excision wound models were used to understand the wound-healing ability of AuNPs. It is exhibited that at a concentration of 20 mg, the AuNPs exhibited substantial decrease in excision wound within 8 days. The obtained wound-healing results indicated that the AuNPs prepared from the leaf extract of I. balsamina exhibited active wound-healing potential when related to traditional drugs; hence, AuNPs could have future applications in the development of dressing materials in nursing care for wound healing after surgery.
Response of sunflower hybrids to crop density in the steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Andriienko Olha , Vasylkovska Kateryna , Andriienko Andrii , Vasylkovskyi Oleksii , Mostipan Mykola , Salo Larysa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Field studies conducted in 2018–2019 in the northern Steppe of Ukraine with sunflower hybrids of different maturity groups (LG 50300, LG 5580, LG 5478, LG 5638, LG 5662) showed that the crop density of early-crop hybrid LG 50300 from 55,000 plants/hectare to 70,000 plants/hectare led to a decrease in productivity by 0.11 t ha−1 and a decrease in oil content by 0.9%. The density of middle-early hybrid LG 5580 resulted in a decrease in sowing productivity of 0.21 t ha−1, while oil content remained nearly the same. Another middle-early hybrid LG 5478 showed slight variations in productivity and oil content with an increase of crop density. The study of the mid-season hybrid LG 5038 showed a decrease in sowing productivity by 0.2 t ha−1 with the density up to 70,000 plants/hectare. Mid-season hybrid LG 5662 with density of 70,000 plants/hectare showed productivity increase by 0.14 t ha−1.
Electric discharge method of synthesis of carbon and metal–carbon nanomaterials
Authors: Kuskova Natalya Ivanivna , Syzonenko Olha Mykolaivna , Torpakov Andrii Serhiyovuch 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe current state and prospective of electric discharge methods of synthesis of carbon and metal–carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) in different areas of science, technology and industry are considered in the present paper. It was shown that as a result of electric discharge treatment of liquid hydrocarbons, the productivity of CNMs (namely, onion-like carbon, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers and carbon thin films) in terms of the percentage of carbon, released from initial liquid as a nanomaterial, was 6.1% for pentane, 10.2% for hexane, 8.7% for cyclopentane, 14.4% for cyclohexane, 12.0% for benzene and 16.8% for kerosene. Component and phase composition of obtained products depends on the electrode material and composition of initial hydrocarbon liquid.
Multivariate quasi-beta regression models for continuous bounded data
Authors: Petterle Ricardo R. , Bonat Wagner H. , Scarpin Cassius T. , Jonasson Thaísa , Borba Victória Z. C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We propose a multivariate regression model to deal with multiple continuous bounded data. The proposed model is based on second-moment assumptions, only. We adopted the quasi-score and Pearson estimating functions for estimation of the regression and dispersion parameters, respectively. Thus, the proposed approach does not require a multivariate probability distribution for the variable response vector. The multivariate quasi-beta regression model can easily handle multiple continuous bounded outcomes taking into account the correlation between the response variables. Furthermore, the model allows us to analyze continuous bounded data on the interval [0, 1], including zeros and/or ones. Simulation studies were conducted to investigate the behavior of the NORmal To Anything (NORTA) algorithm and to check the properties of the estimating function estimators to deal with multiple correlated response variables generated from marginal beta distributions. The model was motivated by a data set concerning the body fat percentage, which was measured at five regions of the body and represent the response variables. We analyze each response variable separately and compare it with the fit of the multivariate proposed model. The multivariate quasi-beta regression model provides better fit than its univariate counterparts, as well as allows us to measure the correlation between response variables. Finally, we adapted diagnostic tools to the proposed model. In the supplementary material, we provide the data set and R code.