bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safe preparation of beefy meaty peptide with Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Wu Yuanming , Chen Xiaohua , Wang Li , Wu Lunjie , Lin Lu , Ding Wenwu , Che Zhenming , Wang Jianfeng , Li Jianzhou , Liu Yi , Sun Weifeng 
Published: December 2019

SummaryPreparation of flavour peptides with microorganisms is an attractive choice for its large‐scale production. However, beefy meaty peptide (BMP), as a research hotspot in the field of umami peptide, has been studied in few microorganisms, and furthermore, the safe preparation of BMP has not yet been reported. In this study, multi‐copy BMP (8BMP) was successfully expressed and produced in the ‘generally recognized as safe’ Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis). Firstly, 8BMP with the potentially intense umami was screened out based on molecular docking analysis. Then, it was successfully expressed in the B. subtilis 168 and verified through sensory evaluation. Finally, the scaling capacity of 8BMP was evaluated in a 5‐L fermenter, with the highest yield (0.84 g L−1) 6.4 times than that of shake flask, which is conductive for industrial production of BMP and other food peptides.
Risk of skin tears and its predictors among hospitalized older adults in Singapore
Authors: Soh Zann , Wang Wenru , Png Gek Kheng , Hassan Norasyikin , Wu Vivien Xi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimTo identify the characteristics that may be predictive of development of risk of skin tears among hospitalized older adults in Singapore.BackgroundSkin tears are wounds that are partial or full‐thickness separation of skin layers, which are common in older adults. Skin tears can result from shearing, friction, and/or blunt force. Skin tears have correlated with prolonged hospitalization, raised health‐care costs and poorer quality of life.MethodsThis cross‐sectional descriptive correlational study recruited a convenience sample of 140 patients aged 65 years or above from a Singapore acute hospital. A modified International Skin Tear Advisory Panel (ISTAP) Skin Tear Risk Assessment Pathway was used for data collection; this is a validated instrument to assess patients for risks of skin tears in clinical settings.ResultsThe results of the multiple linear regression analysis indicated that increasing age, being underweight, caregiver‐dependence and dementia predicted higher levels of risk of skin tears among hospitalized older adults in Singapore. These factors accounted for 33.6% of the variance.ConclusionThis study can aid health‐care professionals assess patients' risk of skin tears and implement appropriate interventions to minimize risks of skin tears.
Coordinating the real‐time use of global influenza activity data for better public health planning
Authors: Biggerstaff Matthew , Dahlgren Fredrick Scott , Fitzner Julia , George Dylan , Hammond Aspen , Hall Ian , Haw David , Imai Natsuko , Johansson Michael A. , Kramer Sarah , McCaw James M. , Moss Robert , Pebody Richard , Read Jonathan M. , Reed Carrie , Reich Nicholas G. , Riley Steven , Vandemaele Katelijn , Viboud Cecile , Wu Joseph T. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHealth planners from global to local levels must anticipate year‐to‐year and week‐to‐week variation in seasonal influenza activity when planning for and responding to epidemics to mitigate their impact. To help with this, countries routinely collect incidence of mild and severe respiratory illness and virologic data on circulating subtypes and use these data for situational awareness, burden of disease estimates and severity assessments. Advanced analytics and modelling are increasingly used to aid planning and response activities by describing key features of influenza activity for a given location and generating forecasts that can be translated to useful actions such as enhanced risk communications, and informing clinical supply chains. Here, we describe the formation of the Influenza Incidence Analytics Group (IIAG), a coordinated global effort to apply advanced analytics and modelling to public influenza data, both epidemiological and virologic, in real‐time and thus provide additional insights to countries who provide routine surveillance data to WHO. Our objectives are to systematically increase the value of data to health planners by applying advanced analytics and forecasting and for results to be immediately reproducible and deployable using an open repository of data and code. We expect the resources we develop and the associated community to provide an attractive option for the open analysis of key epidemiological data during seasonal epidemics and the early stages of an influenza pandemic.
LASP1 promotes proliferation, metastasis, invasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and through direct interaction with HSPA1A
Authors: Chen Qi , Wu Kun , Qin Xing , Yu Youcheng , Wang Xu , Wei Kuijie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractLIM and SH3 protein 1 (LASP1) is a specific focal adhesion protein that promotes metastasis in a variety of tumours. However, its role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has not been fully validated. The purpose of this study was to analyse the interaction of LASP1 and its binding partner in HNSCC. The expression of LASP1 and HSPA1A in HNSCC was analysed by real‐time PCR and Western blot. The effects of LASP1 on the biology behaviour of HNSCC cell lines were observed in vivo and in vitro. Co‐immunoprecipitation analysis was performed to confirm the interaction between LASP1 and HSPA1A. LASP1 was highly expressed in HNSCC and associated with poor prognosis for patients. LASP1 also promoted cell proliferation, colony formation, invasion and cell cycle G2/M phase transition. Heat shock protein family A member 1A (HSPA1A) is identified as a chaperone protein of LASP1 and co‐localized in the cytoplasm. HSPA1A positively regulates the interaction of LASP1 with P‐AKT and enhances the malignant behaviour of HNSCC cells. LASP1 and HSPA1A are both up‐regulated in HNSCC, and directly binds to each other. Double inhibition of LASP1 and HSPA1A expression may be an effective method for the treatment of HNSCC.
Effects of MAL‐PDT, ingenol mebutate and diclofenac plus hyaluronate gel monitored by high‐frequency ultrasound and digital dermoscopy in actinic keratosis – a randomized trial
Authors: Arisi M. , Zane C. , Polonioli M. , Tomasi C. , Moggio E. , Cozzi C. , Soglia S. , Caravello S. , Calzavara‐Pinton I. , Venturini M. , Rossi M.T. , Calzavara‐Pinton P.G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy for actinic keratosis (AK) clearance of field‐directed treatments has been investigated in randomized studies against placebo, but the comparison of results is difficult for several methodological reasons.ObjectivesThe present study aims to compare efficacy of MAL‐photodynamic therapy (MAL‐PDT), ingenol mebutate gel (IMB) and diclofenac plus hyaluronate gel (DHA) on multiple AKs assessing a new performance index of efficacy, the cumulative AK area and evaluating dermoscopical and high‐frequency ultrasound (HFUS) changes.MethodsPatients with ≥5 Olsen II AKs in a 25 cm2 area of the scalp and face were enrolled and randomized to one of the treatment choices. Number of AKs and cumulative area were assessed before and after treatment. Dermoscopy and HFUS were performed on a single AK and surrounding photo‐damaged skin in the treatment area.ResultsCumulative AKs area reduced significantly more with PDT compared to other treatment options and with IMB in comparison to DHA. PDT was also the only treatment option that increased at a significant level the dermal density in both target AK and the surrounding skin and decreased significantly the SLEB thickness in the perilesional skin at HFUS.ConclusionsMAL‐PDT is more effective than IMB and DHA for reducing the cumulative AK area which is calculated digitally from 3D pictures and should be the preferred performance index for the evaluation of the efficacy of treatments for AKs, rolling out clinical and dermoscopy evaluation. MAL‐PDT improves all HFUS features of chronic photodamages of the dermis of the skin underlying and surrounding the AK spots.
The impact of periodic operation on barley hydration
Authors: Chacón Alvarez David , Jorge Luiz M. M. , Jorge Regina M. M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIntensification of barley hydration process using periodic operation was evaluated as compared to isothermal hydration conditions (20°C). Periodic operation resulted in an 82.88% saving in time, and consequently, energy. The Peleg model exhibited satisfactory fit to the experimental data for the hydration kinetics. The mass transfer coefficient of the periodic operation (KSPER15‐30 = 0.55 cm h−1) obtained by the Omoto‐Jorge model was higher than that observed for the isothermal hydration (KSISO = 0.42 cm h−1); the hydration rate was increased by 31% for an amplitude of 15°C and a period of 30 min. The isothermal diffusion coefficient presented a value of 68.31 × 10−12 m s−2 and a periodic diffusion coefficient of 78.61 × 10−12 m s−2 for the hydration process. The intensification of the hydration process because of the periodic operation did not negatively affect the energy and germination index of the barley grains.Practical ApplicationsThe present work describes the impact of periodic operation on barley hydration. This mode of operation may be applied practically as a new process intensification strategy for the brewing industry. Periodic operation proved to be more efficient than the conventional process, resulting in faster water absorption rates and a shorter hydration time; consequently, a lower amount of energy is required for the hydration process. Since the grain germination index and germination energy remained unchanged as compared to the conventional process, periodic operation appears to be a very promising technology for malt production. The mathematical models obtained adequately described the behavior of the hydration kinetics and allowed the mass transfer coefficient to be evaluated; thus, they may be used in the project, optimization and simulation of the process.
Risks and Benefits of Screening for Dementia in Primary Care: The Indiana University Cognitive Health Outcomes Investigation of the Comparative Effectiveness of Dementia Screening (IU CHOICE)Trial
Authors: Fowler Nicole R. , Perkins Anthony J. , Gao Sujuan , Sachs Greg A. , Boustani Malaz A. 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVEThe benefits and harms of screening of Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRDs) are unknown. This study addressed the question of whether the benefits outweigh the harms of screening for ADRDs among older adults in primary care.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSSingle‐blinded, two‐arm, randomized controlled trial (October 2012‐September 2016) in urban, suburban, and rural primary care settings in Indiana. A total of 4005 primary care patients (aged ≥65 years) were randomized to ADRD screening (n = 2008) or control (n = 1997).INTERVENTIONPatients were screened using the Memory Impairment Screen or the Mini‐Cog and referred for a voluntary follow‐up diagnostic assessment if they screened positive on either or both screening tests.MEASUREMENTSPrimary measures were health‐related quality of life (HRQOL; Health Utilities Index) at 12 months, depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire‐9), and anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder seven‐item scale) at 1 month.RESULTSThe mean age was 74.2 years (SD = 6.9 years); 2257 (66%) were female and 2301 (67%) were white. At 12 months, we were unable to detect differences in HRQOL between the groups (effect size = 0.009 [95% confidence interval {CI} = −0.063 to 0.080]; P = .81). At 1 month, differences in mean depressive symptoms (mean difference = −0.23 [90% CI = −0.42 to ‐0.039]) and anxiety symptoms (mean difference = −0.087 [90% CI = −0.246 to 0.072]) were within prespecified equivalency range. Scores for depressive and anxiety symptoms were similar between the groups at all time points. No differences in healthcare utilization, advance care planning, and ADRD recognition by physicians were detected at 12 months.CONCLUSIONWe were unable to detect a difference in HRQOL for screening for ADRD among older adults. We found no harm from screening measured by symptoms of depression or anxiety. Missing data, low rates of dementia detection, and high rate of refusal for follow‐up diagnostic assessments after a positive screen may explain these findings. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:535–543, 2020
Medical Abortion in Midwifery Scope of Practice: A Qualitative Exploration of the Attitudes of Registered Midwives in British Columbia
Authors: Dowler Melanie , Rushton Eleanor , Kornelsen Jude 
Published: December 2019

IntroductionAcross Canada and internationally, access to abortion remains challenging, particularly for those living in rural and remote communities. International research and policy call for the training of advanced practice clinicians, including midwives, to provide abortion services to fill the ever‐increasing access gap. Research in other jurisdictions has examined the attitudes of midwives toward this potential expansion of scope of practice, but such studies have not been undertaken in British Columbia. This qualitative research study explored the attitudes of registered midwives toward expanding their scope of practice to include the provision of medication abortion in British Columbia.MethodsIn‐depth qualitative interviews with British Columbia registered midwives were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsFifteen interviews were conducted. Analysis of the interviews identified 5 primary themes: the incorporation of medication abortion into the midwifery scope of practice to increase access, the congruence of the midwifery model of care and provision of medication abortion, the role of registered midwives as guardians of reproductive rights, the need for a paradigm shift in how the profession is viewed, and the practicalities of potential scope expansion.DiscussionThis study shows some British Columbia registered midwives are interested in including medication abortion in their scope of practice. Midwives have the potential to bridge some of the health care delivery gaps in areas underserved by abortion providers and communities where medication abortion is not available. Further research is needed to more fully understand the perspectives of registered midwives in British Columbia as a whole.
Mentors' self‐assessed competence in mentoring nursing students in clinical practice: A systematic review of quantitative studies
Authors: Pramila‐Savukoski Sari , Juntunen Jonna , Tuomikoski Anna‐Maria , Kääriäinen Maria , Tomietto Marco , Kaučič Boris Miha , Filej Bojana , Riklikiene Olga , Vizcaya‐Moreno Maria Flores , Perez‐Cañaveras Rosa M , De Raeve Paul , Mikkonen Kristina 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo examine registered nurses' self‐evaluation of their competence in mentoring nursing students in clinical practice.BackgroundClinical mentors have significant roles and responsibility for nursing students' clinical learning. Moreover, the mentors' role is becoming increasingly important internationally, as the role of nurse teachers in mentoring students in clinical practice has declined. However, in most EU countries there are no specific educational requirements for clinical mentors, although they need targeted education to increase their competence in mentoring nursing students.DesignThe systematic review of quantitative studies was designed according to guidelines of the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination and PRISMA protocol.MethodsStudies published during 2000–2019 that met inclusion criteria formulated in PiCOS format were systematically reviewed by three independent reviewers. CINAHL (Ebsco), PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, ERIC and Medic databases were used to retrieve the studies. Three independent reviewers conducted the systematic review process. The studies were tabulated, thematically compared and narratively reported.ResultsIn total, 16 peer‐reviewed studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies identified various dimensions of mentors´ competence and associated environmental factors. Generally, participating mentors rated competences related to the clinical environment, mentoring, supporting students' learning processes and relevant personal characteristics fairly high. They also rated organisational practices in their workplaces, resources in the clinical environment and their mentor–student and mentor–stakeholder pedagogical practices, as respectable or satisfactory.ConclusionThe results indicate considerable scope for improving mentors' competence, particularly through enhancing organisational mentoring practices and relevant resources in clinical environments.Relevance for clinical practicePedagogical practices of mentors in relations with both students and stakeholders should be enhanced to improve future nurses' learning. This systematic review addresses a gap in knowledge of mentors' self‐evaluated competence that could assist the formulation of effective educational programmes for mentors internationally and improving clinical environments.
Clinical research nurses’ expectations and realities of their role: A qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Hernon Orlaith , Dalton Rachael , Dowling Maura 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAimsTo synthesise the available body of qualitative studies relating to clinical research nurses’ experiences of their role.MethodsA systematic search of the literature in five databases was undertaken: CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and ProQuest. Thomas and Harden's three‐stage approach to thematic analysis was followed using the ENTREQ statement for reporting.ResultsNineteen studies reported in 20 papers (with a total of 232 nurses) were included in the synthesis. Three analytical themes with six subthemes were identified as follows: “identity”; “meeting targets”; and “patient advocate.”ConclusionsClinical research nurses experience isolation, and contributing to this is their perception of nonresearch nurses’ lack of understanding for their role. This can result in difficulties when recruiting study participants. Clinical research nurses can experience internal conflict between being a patient advocate and adhering to a trial protocol.Relevance to clinical practiceTraining is needed to help research nurses develop skills to face challenges in order to ensure safe and ethical care is provided to research participants while also ensuring high‐quality data collected for the study.
Biocompatibility and Durability of Diazonium Adhesives on Dental Alloys
Authors: Oweis Yara , Algizani Suliman , Mezour Mohamed‐Amine , Alageel Omar , Abdallah Mohamed‐Nur , Mahjoubi Hesam , Ng Brandon , Laurenti Marco , Cerruti Marta , Tamimi Faleh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPurposeA new type of diazonium‐based adhesive has been recently developed by our team to bind dental alloys (Titanium, stainless steel, and cobalt chromium) to dental polymers. Here, we explored the endurance of the resulting adhesive after thermal‐cycling and autoclave aging.Materials and MethodsPolished samples of titanium (Ti), stainless steel (SS) and cobalt chromium (Co‐Cr) were coated with a diazonium‐based adhesive. Untreated samples served as controls (n = 12 per each condition). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was performed to characterize the elemental compositions of the different surfaces. Biocompatibility of the coated alloys was assessed with human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and total organic carbon (TOC) analyses were used to quantify the ions and organic matters released from the diazonium coated alloys. Endurance of the adhesives was assessed by exposing the samples to autoclaving and thermal‐cycling. The tensile strength of the poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA)‐alloy bond was also tested.ResultsResults of mechanical testing demonstrated a higher endurance of the coated CoCr, Ti, and SS compared to the uncoated alloys. The human fibroblasts cultured on the substrates remained alive and metabolically active, and the coatings did not release significant amounts of toxic chemicals in solutions.ConclusionsThe results further support the use of diazonium‐based adhesives as new coupling agents for dental applications.
Do Mothers and Fathers Assess their Children's Behavioral Problems in the Same Way as do their Children? An IRT Investigation on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire
Authors: Iwata Noboru , Kumagai Ryuichi , Saeki Izumi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study investigated the equivalence of different types of informants, such as children (or early adolescents) and parents, in evaluating child externalizing and internalizing problems. We applied a polytomous item response theory (IRT) model for the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). We obtained responses to three subscales—Conduct Problems, Hyperactivity/Inattention, and Emotional Symptoms—from 541 elementary school students aged 10–12 years, fathers for 233 students, mothers for 275 students, and the homeroom teachers for 524 students. Expected values on the individual item calculated by the discrimination and threshold parameters were compared among students, fathers, and mothers as an investigation of differential item functioning (DIF) or differential informant functioning. Assessing either externalizing or internalizing problems were mostly equivalent between fathers and mothers, and most items for externalizing problems functioned equally between students and parents, whereas items for internalizing problems showed DIF between them. IRT also yielded that the intervals of response categories varied across items, particularly for the conduct problems items “fight” and “steal,” and positively worded items showed an extremely low threshold.
Dietary guideline adherence during preconception and pregnancy: A systematic review
Authors: Caut Cherie , Leach Matthew , Steel Amie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine the level of adherence to dietary guidelines among men and women during preconception, and pregnant women, and factors associated with adherence. Searches were conducted in CINAHL, AMED, EMBASE, and Maternity and Infant Care from inception to March 2018. Observational studies assessing the primary outcome (adherence to dietary guidelines and/or nutritional recommendations) and/or secondary outcome (factors associated with adherence) were eligible. Study quality was assessed using the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross‐sectional studies. Men or women (aged ≥18 years) who identified as trying/intending to conceive or were pregnant. Eighteen studies were included. The quality of studies was fair (44%) to good (56%). Most studies indicated preconceptual and pregnant women do not meet recommendations for vegetable, cereal grain, or folate intake. Pregnant women did not meet iron or calcium intake requirements in 91% and 55% of included studies, respectively, and also exceeded fat intake recommendations in 55% of included studies. Higher level education was associated with improved guideline adherence in pregnant women, whereas older age and non‐smoking status were associated with greater guideline adherence in preconceptual and pregnant women. The findings of this review suggest that preconceptual and pregnant women may not be meeting the minimum requirements stipulated in dietary guidelines and/or nutritional recommendations. This could have potential adverse consequences for pregnancy and birth outcomes and the health of the offspring. Major knowledge gaps identified in this review, which warrant further investigation, are the dietary intakes of men during preconception, and the predictors of guideline adherence.