bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gestión del currículo por competencias
Authors: Sosa Espinoza Myriam Janett 
Published: March 2020

Obra reseñada:
García Fraile, J. A. y Tobón Tobón, S. (Coord.). (2008). Gestión del currículum por competencias: una aproximación desde el modelo sistémico complejo. Lima: A. B. Representaciones Generales.
Vivencias de alumnos de tercer grado del nivel secundario en el aprendizaje de la historia en relación con las aproximaciones pedagógicas de los docentes
Authors: Soria Bautista Areli , Korniejczuk Raquel de 
Published: March 2020

Esta investigación procuró determinar si existen diferencias significativas de percepción del aprendizaje de la historia entre los grupos de estudiantes de tercer grado de educación secundaria, determinadas por el tipo de aproximación pedagógica de sus docentes en la disciplina. Para ello se adoptó una metodología mixta. Fueron incluidos siete docentes de historia y 381 alumnos.
Para la recolección de datos, se utilizaron tres instrumentos para los docentes: (a) lista de cotejo de observación de clases, (b) entrevista semiestructurada y (c) análisis de planeación. Para los alumnos se administraron dos instrumentos: una encuesta de 39 ítems con cuatro dimensiones y una entrevista semiestructurada, que constó de tres preguntas de base. Se procedió a la triangulación de las fuentes para la obtención de los resultados.
Se observó que hay diferencias significativas de vivencias de los alumnos en la materia de historia entre los grupos conformados por la aproximación pedagógica de sus docentes. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre los grupos determinados por su edad. Hay diferencia significativa de vivencias en la materia de historia entre los estudiantes de género femenino y los de género masculino. El género femenino obtuvo puntuaciones significativas más altas.
Se concluyó que el gusto del docente por la materia y las planeaciones de sus clases son fundamentales para que los alumnos adquieran conocimientos significativos.
Picky Partners: The Pairing of Component Masses in Binary Black Hole Mergers
Authors: Fishbach Maya , Holz Daniel E. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We examine the relationship between individual black hole (BH) masses in merging binary black hole (BBH) systems. Analyzing the 10 BBH detections from LIGO/Virgo’s first two observing runs, we find that the masses of the component BHs comprising each binary are unlikely to be randomly drawn from the same underlying distribution. Instead, the two BHs of a given binary prefer to be of comparable mass. We show that it is ∼5 times more likely that the component BHs in a given binary are always equal (to within 5%) than that they are randomly paired. If we assume that the probability of a merger between two BHs scales with the mass ratio q as q

β
, so that β = 0 corresponds to random pairings, we find β > 0 is favored at credibility 0.987. By modeling the mass distribution, we find that the median mass ratio is

at 90% credibility. While the pairing between BHs depends on their mass ratio, we find no evidence that it depends on the total mass of the system. We predict that 99% of BBHs detected by LIGO/Virgo will have mass ratios q > 0.5. We conclude that merging black holes do not form random pairings; instead they are selective about their partners, preferring to mate with black holes of a similar mass. The details of these selective pairings provide insight into the underlying formation channels of merging binaries.
Duodenal ulcer promoting gene (DupA), plasticity region genes and sigma factors in H. pyloristrains from Nigeria
Authors: Jolaiya Tolulope Funbi , Fowora Muinah Adenike , Onyekwere Charles , Ugiagbe Rose , Agbo Ifeanyi Ifeoma , Lesi Olufunmilayo , Ndububa Dennis Amojuayi , Adekanle Olusegun , Njom Henry Akum , Idowu Ayodeji , Adeleye Isaac Adeyemi , Bamidele Moses , Ngoka Favor Ndidiamaka , Palamides Pia Fiona , Smith Stella Ifeanyi 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a principal cause of gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and contribution of duodenal ulcer promoting gene A (dupA), the plasticity region genes and sigma factors in relation to their pathological expression of H. pylori infections in the Nigerian population.
Methodology: Polymerase Chain Reaction was used to analyze a total of forty-nine H. pylori strains isolated from patients attending various endoscopic units in tertiary hospitals in Nigeria for complete dupA (G27 variant), jhp0917, jhp0918, other plasticity region genes jhp 914/917, jhp0914, jhp0940 and sigma factors.
Results: PCR results indicated that the prevalence of complete dupA (G27 variants), jhp0917, jhp0918 and other plasticity region genes jhp0914, jhp0914/0917 and jhp0940 in the H. pylori strains were 4%, 53%, 88%, 73%, 12% and 0% respectively. The prevalence values of the sigma factors were 96%, 92%, 80% for rpoN, fliA and rpoD respectively. However, the endoscopic findings showed that erosion, normal mucosal, ulcer, hyperaemic stomach, mucosal atrophy and oedematous stomach in the patients where the H. pylori strains were isolated were 40.8%, 32.7%, 10.2%, 8.2%, 2.0% and 6.1% respectively. There was significant association between jhp0917, jhp914/917 and G27 variant and the endoscopic findings, while other plasticity genes showed no association with the endoscopic findings.
Conclusion: These results suggest that the presence of jhp0917, jhp0914/917 and G27 variant could be used as marker to predict the pathological effect of severity in Nigeria patients with H. pylori infection.
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing extensively drug-resistant Salmonella Typhi in Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Saeed Muhammad , Rasool Muhammad Hidayat , Rasheed Farhan , Saqalein Muhammad , Nisar Muhammad Atif , Imran Ambreen Anwar , Tariq Saba , Amir Afreenish , Ikram Aamer , Khurshid Mohsin 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: The multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates have been increasingly reported from the Asian and African countries. The emergence of isolates with decreased susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins has worsened the situation. Recently, an outbreak from Sindh, Pakistan was reported caused by extensively drug-resistant (XDR) S. Typhi strains.
Methodology: In the present study, a total of 82 cases of typhoid have been investigated during 2018 from the febrile children referred to a tertiary care hospital in the population-wise largest province (Punjab) of Pakistan. S. Typhi was identified by standard microbiological techniques and isolates were characterized for antimicrobial resistance profiling and minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined. The presence of various ESBL genes in S. Typhi was confirmed by the PCR.
Results: Out of the 82 isolates tested, 35 (43%) were found to be XDR; resistant to the first-line drugs. The resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was mainly mediated by extended-spectrum beta-lactamases i.e. blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes.
Conclusions: The higher prevalence of ESBL producing Salmonella typhi clinical strains raises the concern about transmission prevention and infection management in the community as well as clinical settings. Moreover, the study highlights the problem concerning the declining antibiotic arsenal for the therapeutic management of typhoid fever and the emergence and spread of XDR strains in Pakistan.
Saisir l’État par son administration pour une sociologie des rouages de l’action publique
Authors: Borraz Olivier , Ruiz Émilien 
Published: March 2020

Résumé Reprenant l’ambition du programme lancé en 1964 par le Centre de sociologie des organisations (CSO) pour étudier empiriquement l’administration française, le présent numéro entend démontrer tout l’intérêt que revêt aujourd’hui une étude de l’État par son administration, en complément d’une entrée par la sociologie de l’action publique. En revenant sur les flux et reflux de cette approche en France depuis le milieu des années 1960, en pointant les apports et les limites des travaux menés dans le cadre du programme « L’administration face au changement », cet article introductif plaide ainsi pour une sociologie des rouages de l’action publique. C’est par une approche transversale et transsectorielle, tant au niveau central qu’à l’échelle territoriale, qu’il est possible de saisir les questions de permanence et de changement, mais également de répondre à la question : qu’est-ce qui fait tenir l’État ?
Le nouveau phénomène bureaucratique
Authors: Bezes Philippe 
Published: March 2020

Résumé Au cœur des travaux des fondateurs de la sociologie des bureaucraties des années 1940-1950, le concept de bureaucratisation a été réactivé depuis les années 1980 pour décrire les effets produits par les réformes inspirées du New Public Management, et notamment par le gouvernement par la performance à l’aide d’objectifs et d’indicateurs. Cet article montre le caractère toujours heuristique de la grammaire d’analyse des premiers sociologues des administrations (Alvin Gouldner, Peter Blau, Michel Crozier), centrée sur les règles et leurs usages, pour penser les spécificités du « nouveau phénomène bureaucratique » axé sur les nombres, la quantification et la mesure. Il en pointe aussi les limites et souligne l’importance de penser l’encastrement économique et surtout politique des dispositifs de gouvernement par la performance.
S’approcher des villes et des bourgades, hier et aujourd’hui
Authors: Gaymard Daniel , Jordan Benoît 
Published: March 2020

Le paysage alsacien est marqué par l’important maillage de villes qui, depuis le XIIIe siècle, structurent la région. Les villes, ceintes de murailles, commandent le pays alentour. Leurs abords immédiats restent souvent vides de toute habitation pour des questions de stratégie militaire. Les agrandissements des villes ou la modernisation de leurs systèmes de défense sont bien visibles avec la construction de portes ou d’ouvrages avancés, jusqu’au XVIIIe siècle. Au XIXe siècle, avec le développement démographique et l’expansion économique, ces abords sont rapidement colonisés, et ce autant pour les grands centres industriels que pour les bourgades plus modestes : les portes et les murs tombent, les villes s’ouvrent. Dernier avatar : la création dans le dernier tiers du XXe siècle de zones dédiées à l’urbanisme ou à des activités économiques. Le paysage traditionnel disparaît.
À la rencontre du troisième type
Authors: Brunner Thomas 
Published: March 2020

Étudiée récemment par l’auteur, la typologie des sceaux de la ville de Molsheim au Moyen Âge doit être révisée suite à la découverte d’un nouveau type (désormais « type III ») jusque-là confondu avec le « type II » dont il est proche formellement. La différence entre les deux sceaux est apparue lors de l’alimentation de la base de données sigilla, et montre tout l’intérêt de cette dernière. L’article relève les détails qui distinguent les deux types de sceaux, revient sur les raisons d’une confusion qui remonte à loin et en tire les conséquences pour la typologie sigillaire de Molsheim et les rythmes de succession de ses sceaux.
Das Bremer Gemälde „Martyrium des hl. Sebastian“
Authors: Weibezahn Ingrid 
Published: March 2020

En 2010, le musée de la cathédrale de Brême obtint un tableau issu d’une succession qui présente sur sa face antérieure un « Saint Sébastien » (illustration 1) et sur sa face postérieure de vagues fragments des représentations de deux saints (illustration 2). Le tableau est composé de deux éléments réunis qui devaient être à l’origine les deux volets d’un dyptique. Un examen aux rayons X, ainsi qu’une analyse approfondie de la technique picturale, permettent de situer l’œuvre au début du XVIe siècle. Une gravure sur bois d’Albrecht Dürer a été identifiée comme modèle pour le personnage du premier plan qui arme une arbalète (illustration 5). C’est une deuxième gravure de Dürer (illustration 8) qui a du inspirer l’artiste pour la conception du personnage de Saint-Sébastien. L’origine du tableau n’a pas pu être établie clairement. Il n’apparaît pas sur le site « lostart » qui liste les œuvres d’art ayant été antérieurement la propriété de Juifs. La plus ancienne mention de son existence est un acte de vente à une personne privée en 1939. Le tableau présente cependant une parenté frappante avec les œuvres de l’artiste strasbourgeois Wilhelm Stetter (vers 1487‑1552), à la fois dans la composition du paysage et la disposition des personnages, ainsi que dans le choix des couleurs (illustration 10). La forme inhabituelle du turban de l’illustration 9, elle aussi, incite à penser à une origine commune. Toute prudence gardée, on peut ainsi attribuer ce tableau au peintre Wilhelm Stetter.
L’intégration des FFI alsaciens dans l’Armée en 1944-1945
Authors: Weiss Stéphane , Weiss Bénédicte 
Published: March 2020

Les Forces françaises de l’intérieur (FFI) organisées en Alsace ou dans le cadre de groupements affirmant un caractère alsacien sont réputées s’être distinguées par leur dimension apolitique. Cette spécificité aurait pu faciliter leur intégration dans l’armée française en 1944-1945. Or celle-ci n’a pas été plus rapide qu’au sein des régions libérées dès septembre 1944. Elle a de plus impliqué la mise en œuvre de formules distinctes de celles pratiquées dans les autres régions françaises. Ce constat amène à réétudier les modalités d’intégration et d’emploi militaire des FFI alsaciens au sein de l’armée française entre l’automne 1944 et mai 1945. Tel est l’objet de cet article reposant principalement sur l’analyse des fonds conservés au Service historique de la Défense.
Actualités du genre dans le travail social. Première étape d’une recherche doctorale
Authors: Mikanga Emmanuelle 
Published: March 2020

Les travaux étudiant les relations entre « le genre » et le travail social sont de plus en plus nombreux. Cet article en prenant appui sur une des étapes de notre recherche doctorale se propose de repérer les principaux apports sur cette question en sociologie et en sciences de l’éducation. Il affirme l’intérêt d’importer « le genre » comme concept et outil d’analyse dans le travail social (formation et terrain professionnel). Se construire une culture commune sur la question du « genre » dans le travail social semble aujourd’hui indispensable dans le champ de la formation comme dans les pratiques professionnelles.
Fumarate Upregulates Surface Expression of ULBP2/ULBP5 by Scavenging Glutathione Antioxidant Capacity
Authors: Høgh Rikke Illum , Droujinine Alec , Møller Sofie Hedlund , Jepsen Stine Dam , Mellergaard Maiken , Andresen Lars , Skov Søren 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Fumarate is a tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolite whose intracellular accumulation is linked to inflammatory signaling and development of cancer. In this study, we demonstrate that endogenous fumarate accumulation upregulates surface expression of the immune stimulatory NK group 2, member D (NKG2D) ligands ULBP2 and ULBP5. In agreement with this, accumulation of fumarate by the therapeutic drug dimethyl fumarate (DMF) also promotes ULBP2/5 surface expression. Mechanistically, we found that the increased ULBP2/5 expression was dependent on oxidative stress and the antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and glutathione (GSH) abrogated ULBP2/5 upregulated by DMF. Fumarate can complex with GSH and thereby exhaust cells of functional GSH capacity. In line with this, inhibition of GSH reductase (GR), the enzyme responsible for GSH recycling, promoted ULBP2/5 surface expression. Loss of the tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme fumarate hydratase (FH) associates with a malignant form of renal cancer characterized by fumarate accumulation and increased production of reactive oxygen species, highlighting fumarate as an oncometabolite. Interestingly, FH-deficient renal cancer cells had low surface expression of ULBP2/5 and were unresponsive to DMF treatment, suggesting that the fumarate-stimulating ULBP2/5 pathway is abrogated in these cells as an immune-evasive strategy. Together, our data show that ULBP2/5 expression can be upregulated by accumulation of fumarate, likely by depleting cells of GSH antioxidant capacity. Given that DMF is an approved human therapeutic drug, our findings support a broader use of DMF in treatment of cancers and inflammatory conditions.
A New Humanized Mouse Model Mimics Humans in Lacking α-Gal Epitopes and Secreting Anti-Gal Antibodies
Authors: Saleh Fayez M. , Chandra Partha K. , Lin Dong , Robinson James E. , Izadpanah Reza , Mondal Debasis , Bollensdorff Christian , Alt Eckhard U. , Zhu Quan , Marasco Wayne A. , Braun Stephen E. , Abdel-Motal Ussama M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Mice have been used as accepted tools for investigating complex human diseases and new drug therapies because of their shared genetics and anatomical characteristics with humans. However, the tissues in mice are different from humans in that human cells have a natural mutation in the α1,3 galactosyltransferase (α1,3GT) gene and lack α-Gal epitopes on glycosylated proteins, whereas mice and other nonprimate mammals express this epitope. The lack of α-Gal epitopes in humans results in the loss of immune tolerance to this epitope and production of abundant natural anti-Gal Abs. These natural anti-Gal Abs can be used as an adjuvant to enhance processing of vaccine epitopes to APCs. However, wild-type mice and all existing humanized mouse models cannot be used to test the efficacy of vaccines expressing α-Gal epitopes because they express α-Gal epitopes and lack anti-Gal Abs. Therefore, in an effort to bridge the gap between the mouse models and humans, we developed a new humanized mouse model that mimics humans in that it lacks α-Gal epitopes and secretes human anti-Gal Abs. The new humanized mouse model (Hu-NSG/α-Galnull) is designed to be used for preclinical evaluations of viral and tumor vaccines based on α-Gal epitopes, human-specific immune responses, xenotransplantation studies, and in vivo biomaterials evaluation. To our knowledge, our new Hu-NSG/α-Galnull is the first available humanized mouse model with such features.
Simultaneous Studies of Redox Reaction of Chromium(VI) and Arsenic(III) in Aqueous Phase: A Kinetic and Mechanistic Approach
Authors: Boniface Iorhuna, T. , Raymond Wuana, A. , Stephen Yiase, G. 
Published: March 2020

A kinetic and mechanistic approach was used to simultaneously study the oxidation of As(III) and reduction of Cr(VI) in aqueous phase, and in the presence of Fe(III). Reactions were monitored by UV-visible spectrophotometry. The stoichiometry of the reaction was . The rate equation for the reaction is proposed as where k2 is the second order rate constant. The reaction was not affected by Fe(III) ions within the studied concentration range of 0.001 – 0.009 molL-1. From the reaction between a plausible mechanism involving an ester formation by the reactants leading to the eventual formation of As(V) and Cr(III) was proposed.
Lipid Peroxidation Activity and Phytochemical Constituents of Extract of Groundnut Peels
Authors: Uchenna Eneh Frank , Christian Ezeigwe Obiajulu , Martha Omeje 
Published: March 2020

Aims: This study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and lipid peroxidation activities of extracts of two species of groundnut peels (Var-Hypogaea-Big and Var-vulgaris-Small).
Study Design: Twenty-four (24) male wistar albino rats where randomized into four (4) groups of six (6) rats each. Group A was the baseline, Groups B and C were given feed formulated with 1% groundnut peel extract of Var-hypogaea and Var-vulgaris respectively, group D is the control group fed with a standard feed.
Results: The phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard methods. Lipid peroxidation was determined by the thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances (TBARS) assay method. The phytochemical analysis revealed that the extract from the groundnut peels of Var-hypogaea-big contain alkaloids, tannins, saponnins, terpenoid, flavonoids phlobotannin, and glycosides. Also, the groundnut peel extracts of Var-vulgaris-small reveal the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponnins, terpenoid, flavonoids phlobotannin and glycosides. There was a significant (p<0.05) increase in the malondialdehyde level of the groups that were fed with the feed compounded with both species of the groundnut compared with the baseline and normal control. However, the malondialdehyde level of the group fed with var-vulgaris was higher than that of Var-hypogaea.
Conclusion: These results suggest that the groundnut peel extract of Var-hypogaea and Var-vulgaris is capable of inducing lipid peroxidation in living tissues. The groundnut peel does not only serve as a covering to the groundnut seed but may also protect the seeds from the effect of pests since it exhibits lipid peroxidative activity.
Semilunar postlarval settlement periodicity ensuing from semilunar larval release cycle in the Nihonotrypaea harmandi (Crustacea, Decapoda, Axiidea, Callianassidae) population on an intertidal sandflat in an open marine coastal embayment
Authors: Tamaki Akio , Itoh Jun‐ichi , Takeuchi Seiji , Takikawa Tetsutaro 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMany decapod crustaceans in marine intertidal habitats release larvae toward coastal oceans, from which postlarvae (decapodids: settling‐stage larvae) return home. Decapodid settlement processes are poorly understood. Previous studies showed that in Kyushu, Japan, the callianassid shrimp population on an intertidal sandflat of an open bay joining the coastal ocean near a large estuary released eight batches of larvae basically in a semilunar cycle from June through October and that decapodids performed diel vertical migration, occurring in the water column nocturnally. We conducted (a) frequent sampling for population density and size‐composition on the sandflat through one reproductive season, (b) planktonic and benthic sampling for decapodids around the bay mouth, and (c) current meter deployment at three points across the bay mouth for tidal harmonic analysis. On the sandflat, six batches of newly‐settled decapodids (settlers) occurred in a semilunar periodicity until October, with peaks occurring 0–3 days before syzygy dates except for the first one. For larval Batches 1–4, buoyancy‐driven shoreward subsurface currents during July to mid‐October would transport some pre‐decapodid‐stage larvae (zoeae) toward the bay. The absence of expected settler Batches 7–8 would be due to the converse subsurface currents caused by water‐column mixing and seasonal winds after mid‐October, carrying zoeae offshore. Once in the bay, phasing of night and nighttime‐averaged shoreward tidal current explained the settlement pattern for Batches 1–4. For Batches 5–6 occurring in mid‐September to mid‐October, water currents generated by seasonal wind and tidal forcings may have caused peak settlement after the time expected from tidally‐driven decapodid transport.
Detection of prions in skin punch biopsies of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease patients
Authors: Mammana Angela , Baiardi Simone , Rossi Marcello , Franceschini Alessia , Donadio Vincenzo , Capellari Sabina , Caughey Byron , Parchi Piero 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPrion real‐time quaking‐induced conversion (RT‐QuIC) is an ultrasensitive assay detecting pathological aggregates of misfolded prion protein in biospecimens. We studied 71 punch biopsy skin samples of 35 patients with Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD), including five assessed in vitam. The results confirmed the high value of skin prion RT‐QuIC for CJD diagnosis (89% sensitivity and 100% specificity) and support its use in clinical practice. Preliminary data based on a limited number of cases suggest that prion‐seeding activity in the skin varies according to the prion strain, being higher in sporadic CJD subtypes linked to the V2 strain (VV2 and MV2K) than in typical CJDMM1.