bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Latex and Extracts of Euphorbia monostyla
Authors: Mohammadi Ameneh , Moghaddam Parastoo Z. , Hashemi Seyed A. , Alesheikh Peiman , Kasaian Jamal 
Published: December 2020

Objective::
Euphorbia is a plant from the Euphorbiaceae family, and it has traditionally
been used to treat gonorrheal, respiratory tract infections, skin infections and malaria. The aim of
the present study was to evaluate antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities of latex and extracts
of Euphorbia monostyla.

Materials and Methods::
Antimicrobial activity was studied by Disc-well diffusion and MIC-MBC
methods.Also, its antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP methods. Total phenolic
content was evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent.

Results::
It is displayed as a result of the work that solvent polarity will play a key role in increasing
phenolic solubility. Methanol extract gave the highest percentage yield, and ethyl acetate resulted
in the lowest percentage yield. The antimicrobial test showed that whole extracts had no beneficial
uses on microorganisms in comparison to antibiotics types. Analysis of antioxidant assays revealed
that aqueous and methanol extracts had the highest antioxidant properties.

Conclusion::
Whole extracts had no beneficial uses on microorganisms compared to antibiotics
types, but the aqueous extract of E. monostyla had moderate antioxidant activity and may contain
valuable active compounds. This work is the first study that discusses E. monostyla, and further
study is suggested to isolate its active compounds.
Selective Optosensing of Aminoimidazo-Azaarenes (AIAs) by CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots-embedded Molecularly Imprinted Silica Gel
Authors: Qiao Dan , Deng Qiliang , Wang Shuo 
Published: December 2020

Background:
The approach for the determination of aminoimidazo-azaarenes (AIAs) is
urgently required due to their mutagenic activity and potential carcinogenicity. For this purpose, a
CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (CdSe/ZnS QDs)-embedded molecularly imprinted silica gel with high
selectivity and sensitivity was successfully prepared and applied to analyze such target.

Methods:
Herein, CdSe/ZnS QDs acted as the fluorescent probe, and molecularly imprinted silica
gel as a recognition probe was synthesized on the surface of QDs via sol-gel method. 2-
Aminobenzimidazole, which has a similar structure with AIAs, as well as low cost and low toxicity,
was selected as the dummy template.

Results:
The material has a high imprinting factor (IF=6.15); the linear range of CdSe/ZnS@MIP
as a fluorescent sensing material for AIAs is 0.5-20.0 μg L-1 with the limit of detection (LOD) of
0.25 μg L-1 (3σ/s). Moreover, the fluorescent materials have been further applied to determine
AIAs in beef floss and grilled fish fillet with satisfactory recoveries (82.8-110.8 %), and the relative
standard deviation (RSD) is < 5.5%.

Conclusion:
The proposed CdSe/ZnS QDs-embedded molecularly imprinted silica gel can be used
to easily and selectively detect AIAs.
The Assessment of Some Metabolic Markers by Combination of Ursolic Acid Supplementation and Resistance Training in Young Older Obese Women
Authors: Asghari Ehsan , Hosseini Seyyed Reza Attarzadeh , Kiania Mina , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Arazi Hamid , Samarghandian Saeed 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Intensity resistance training and ursolic acid (UA) supplementation may be effective against metabolic disorders.

Introduction:
In this study, we explored the impacts of a moderate-to-high intensity resistance circuit training (MHRCT)
and UA supplementation to improve these pathological changes in young older obese women (women between the ages of
50 and 70).

Methods:
The study included Twenty-five young older women (age > 50 years and ≤70 years) with stage I-II obesity (BMI
≥ 30 and <40 kg/m2
), received eight weeks placebo with MHRCT, and MHRCT with UA supplementation. UA or Placebo
orally was ingested as a capsule three times per day for eight weeks. The following parameters were evaluated post- and preintervention. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with repeated measures.

Results:
Interleukin-15 (IL-15), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Insulin, and HOMA-IR decreased significantly in the placebo and UA
groups versus control, but the UA group significantly decreased in compared with the placebo (p<0.05). In turn, the BrainDerived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Irisin levels showed an increase significant in the placebo and UA groups versus
control. However, the BDNF in UA group significantly increased in compared with the placebo (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
We demonstrated that applying resistance training can reverse the pathological changes that may occur with
aging and sedentary life style. Our results showed that UA can enhance the effects of this type of exercise. Therefore, a
combination of resistance training program and UA supplementation may be considered as a novel and influential intervention to metabolic derangements and also decrease the burden associated with this condition.
Physical Activity, Nutritional Habits, and Sleep Behavior Among Health Profession Students and Employees of a Swiss University During and After COVID-19 Confinement: Protocol for a Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Rogan Slavko , Luijckx Eefje , Taeymans Jan , Haas Karin , Baur Heiner 
Published: December 2020

Background
SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus strain, has resulted in the COVID-19 pandemic since early 2020. To contain the transmission of this virus, the Swiss Federal Council ordered a nationwide lockdown of all nonessential businesses. Accordingly, students and employees of institutions for higher education were informed to continue their academic programs through home-office settings and online lectures.

Objective
This longitudinal survey aims to evaluate various lifestyle habits such as physical activity, nutritional habits, and sleep behavior among students and employees of a Swiss University of Applied Sciences during a 2-month period of confinement and social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic and 1 year thereafter.

Methods
This paper describes a protocol for a retrospective and prospective observational cohort study. Students and employees of Bern University of Applied Sciences, Department of Health Professions, were invited to anonymously complete a web-based survey during the COVID-19 confinement period. This will be followed by a second survey, scheduled 1 year after the lockdown. Information on various lifestyle aspects, including physical activity, nutritional habits, and sleep behavior, will be collected using adaptations of existing validated questionnaires.

Results
This longitudinal study started during the government-ordered confinement period in Switzerland in mid-April 2020 and will end in mid-2021.

Conclusions
The findings of this survey will provide information about the impact of confinement during the COVID-19 crisis on the physical activity, nutritional habits, and sleep behavior of students and employees of a Swiss institute.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04502108; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04502108

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/25051
La enseñanza remota ante el COVID-19: Experiencias de la docencia en cuatro asignaturas de la UAM-I
Authors: Padilla-Zúñiga Jaqueline , Soto-Estrada Ana María , Serratos Iris , Castañeda-Villa Norma 
Published: December 2020

<p>En este trabajo presentamos algunas experiencias sobre la preparación y conducción de los cursos en el periodo previo, y durante el trimestre 20-I en un entorno completamente virtual debido a la contingencia sanitaria prevalente. Todos tuvimos que actuar en un corto plazo para adaptar cursos de Licenciatura y Posgrado que pudieran impartirse de manera remota. Un evento histórico en nuestra casa de estudios, la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana y específicamente en la Unidad Iztapalapa (UAM-I). Aquí se concentran las experiencias de cuatro profesoras que impartimos los cursos de: Transformaciones Químicas del Tronco General de Asignaturas, Introducción a las Ciencias de los Nanomateriales, curso optativo de la Licenciatura en Química; Química Inorgánica I de la Licenciatura en Química y Circuitos Eléctricos de la Licenciatura en Ingeniería Electrónica, todas ellas de la División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería (DCBI). En este texto hemos incluido la contribución de dos alumnas de licenciatura y una profesora ayudante, que nos relataron sus experiencias de trabajo durante el trimestre 20-I en la UAM-I.</p><p>Esperamos que la información aquí contenida sea de utilidad a los profesores y a los alumnos para revisar el camino andado y para que todos nos sintamos orgullos de nuestros logros, a pesar de las faenas agotadoras y de los múltiples obstáculos técnicos que hubo que remontar.</p>
TECNOLOGIAS NA EDUCAÇÃO: UMA TRAMA SUTIL EM PRÁTICAS DE AUTORIA E SUBJETIVAÇÃO NA ALFABETIZAÇÃO ESCOLAR
Authors: Chagas Maria de Fátima De Lima das , Pellanda Nize Maria Campos 
Published: December 2020

Este texto trata de uma experiência vivida com estudantes do 5º ano de uma escola pública localizada no interior do Rio Grande do Norte em uma área de periferia. A experiência aconteceu em 2016, e, teve como objetivo viver práticas de alfabetização com 26 estudantes não-alfabetizados na faixa etária de 10 a 16 anos, considerando a subjetividade dos educandos, seus percursos de vida em interação com tecnologias digitais. O contexto escolar dessa vivência é desenhado a partir de limitações estruturais e materiais. Tessitura com autores como: Freire (2008; 2001; 1992); Levy (2001); Simondon (2007); Emília Ferreiro (1999), Maturana e Varela (2011) e Ortega y Gasset (1963), Eizirik (2007), contribuíram com a discussão teórica deste fazer. A discussão é ancorada no paradigma da complexidade, ou seja, em uma abordagem que não separa as diferentes dimensões da realidade humana, tratando a realidade como fluxo, como devir. Na metodologia, utilizamos a cartografia como método de pesquisa que possibilitou acompanhar os processos vividos na experiência da pesquisa e organizarmos o percurso com os estudantes em oficinas; rodas de conversas; narrativas de si em exercícios de autoria e subjetivação. Como resultados, os 26 estudantes conseguiram produzir com autonomia seu percurso de alfabetização. Para compreender os resultados e as mudanças nas coordenações de ações dos estudantes, as narrativas de si foram o ponto de partida. Essas narrativas constituídas na experiência favoreceram pensamentos e reflexões sobre a importância de constituir redes subjetivas de autoria e afeto no contexto da escola / sala de aula. E, neste exercício de autoria coletiva e de subjetivação, com a inserção de tecnologias, incluindo as digitais nas práticas de leitura e escrita dos educandos, as aprendizagens foram sendo potencializadas. No final, foi possível perceber que em autoria, utilizando ferramentas tecnológicas como dispositivos de cognição e subjetivação, a produção de conhecimento não serviu apenas para favorecer o ato de ler, mas para a vida, para a potência de viver-conhecer.
Audit Profession Development and Bank Loan Contracting
Authors: Ge Wenxia , Kang Tony , Song Byron Y. , Zhou Gaoguang 
Published: December 2020

SUMMARY
This study examines the relation between country-level audit profession development (APD) and bank loan contracting around the world. Using a sample of bank loan data from 35 countries, we find that stronger APD is associated with more favorable loan terms, such as lower loan spreads, fewer covenants, and larger loan amounts. These effects are stronger in countries with a weaker rule of law. We also find that stronger APD attracts significantly more lenders participating in loans and more foreign lenders leading loans. A breakdown of APD into three subcategories, namely, auditor education, auditor independence and liability, and auditor oversight, reveals that all three influence various contracting terms. We also provide evidence that stronger APD is associated with a higher degree of timely loss recognition. Collectively, our findings show that APD improves bank loan contracting terms.
Data Availability: Data are publicly available from the sources mentioned in the manuscript.
JEL Classification: F34; K20; M41; M42.
Slovak Translations of Russian Literature in Recent Years
Authors:   Comenius University in Bratislava, Kusa Mariya 
Published: December 2020

The article is mainly devoted to the recent publications of translated Russian literature in Slovakia. In the first part of the article the situation of the 1990s which followed the decline of state management in editorial policy lasted from 1948 till 1989 is discussed. The influence of economic factors on book market turned most of the publishing houses to Western European and American literature. Thus in the last decade of the twentieth century mainly russian classics (Alexander Pushkin, Anton Chekhov, etc.) and the texts that could not be issuied until 1989 (Alexander Solzhenitsyn, Iosif Brodsky, “Doctor Zhivago” by Boris Pasternak) were published. The situation changed only in the new millennium, which was inspired by the phenomenon of the new generation of readers whom the available translations of russian literature were no longer suffucient, especially since they did not encounter the old ideologized approach to the selection of texts. Thanks to this, in recent years, Russian literature, including the most modern – Eugene Vodolaskin, Guzel Yakhina, etc., – again has managed to occupy the place in the Slovak cultural space that rightfully belongs to it.
PROJEKAT АB ZGRADE SA UPOREDNOM ANALIZOM PRORAČUNSKIH KONTROLA PREMA EVROPSKIM I SRPSKIM PROPISIMA
Authors: Pijanić Ivan , Lađinović Đorđe 
Published: December 2020

U radu je prikazan projekat armiranobetonske konstrukcije višespratnog stambenog objekta, spratnosti (Po+Pr+5) na području Novog Sada, proračunat prema Evrokod pravilnicima. Na kraju rada prikazana je uporedna analiza proračunskih kontrola prema Evropskim i Srpskim standardima.
Pengaruh Penambahan Semen Sebagai Bahan Stabilisasi Tanah Terhadap Kecepatan Permeabilitas Pada Tanah Pasir Kelempungan
Authors: Jusi Ulfa Jusi , Yasri Desi , Gabriel Giovani 
Published: December 2020

Sand loamy soil is often used as construction material for buildings and highways. The disadvantages of this soil are low density and high permeability that can reduce the quality ofroad construction. One way to improve thequality of the soil is to stabilize it with cement added material. This study aims to determine how much the velocity of permeability of subgrade and to the addition of the Portland Cement Composite (PCC) mixture with variationsof 2%, 4%, and 6%. Calculation analysis method uses SNI M.22-1990-F. From the permeability test with the variation of native soil without cement mixture, the coefficient value is 10.025 cm/hour, with the addition of 2% cement the coefficient value is 7, 132 cm / hour, the addition of 4% cement is obtained coefficient of 6.245 cm /hour, the addition of 6% a value of 5.208 cm / hour was obtained. So it can be concluded that along with the increase in cement content for the clay sand mixture, the coefficient value is getting smaller
Identifikasi Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keterlambatan Proyek Infrastruktur Kereta Cepat Jakarta-Bandung
Authors: Yurianto Yurianto , Kadri Trihono 
Published: December 2020

High speed trains are designed with a speed of more than 350 km/ hour. High speed trains in Indonesia were built by PT Kereta Cepat Indonesia China (KCIC). The route served from Halim station in Jakarta to Tegal Luar Sation, which is located in Bandung district, has a length of 142.3 km. The construction of the fast train is divided into 4 (four) sections including sections 1, 2, 3 and 4. This fast train line consists of an elevated, tunnel and subgrade. Some construction works often experience delays due to complexity, land availability, design delays and availability of resources. Implementation time is an important factor in project management besides cost and quality. There are several factors that hinder the completion of the Jakarta-Bandung fast train project, so it is necessary to conduct a study on the inhibiting factors and solutions to minimize delays. The research method used is AHP weighting analysis. Based on the analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that from 61 potential aspects of the cause of the delay, there are 11 variables that affect the implementationtime of the Jakarta-Bandung fast train infrastructure development project based on the AHP ranking, including constraints in land acquisition for infrastructure buildings (63,144%), scheduling very strict projects by owners (61,771%), work order plans that are not well structured / integrated (61,570%), unavailability (materials, tools, labor) as needed (57,216%), shop drawings are not ready on time, no opportunity to learn (56,266%), changes in design / work details during implementation (56,170%), quite complicated project coordination (54,851%), negligence / delay by work sub contractors (53,081%), unclear technical specifications and less firm because it is too general (52,837%), there is a development permit procedure that is dip ery difficult for various parties (50,370%) and unfavorable weather conditions (49,680%)
Evaluasi Distribusi Air Baku Pada Waduk Wonosari di Kabupaten Bengkalis
Authors: Saily Randhi , Hamidi Ahmad 
Published: December 2020

Wonosari Reservoir in Bengkalis Regency as a source of raw water to serve some residents of Bantan and Bengkalis districts. The volume of water in this reservoir has decreased annually due to the buildup of sedimentation. This research aims to analyze the relationship between raw water demand which is directly proportional with the projection of population growth and the availability of water in the Wonosari reservoir. The results of research conducted observational, in 2030 indicated a shortage of raw water with needs in Bantan and Bengkalis districts of 64.16 lt / sec and 215.96 lt/sec or equivalent with 5543.74 m3/day and 18658.09 m3/day which are the total of 24201.83 m3/day, while the availability of water is 94585.35 m3 and continues to decrease. Based on this analysis, it is necessary to anticipate the achievement of solutions to water availability so that needs can be met.
Doradztwo finansowe w obliczu konieczności ochrony własności intelektualnej w obszarze fintech
Authors: Pindral Tomasz 
Published: December 2020

Przedmiot badań: Przedmiotem badań opisanych w artykule były wybrane kwestie związane z ochroną własności intelektualnej i funkcjonowaniem doradztwa finansowego w szeroko pojętym obszarze fintech. Ponieważ mowa tu o zjawisku złożonym i wieloaspektowym, niełatwo jest wskazać wszystkie możliwe problemy, jakie pojawiają się na styku usług finansowych i kwestii związa­nych z naruszeniami własności intelektualnej. Powoduje to wzrost znaczenia i odpowiedzialności firm doradczych, które powinny wskazywać przedsiębiorcom możliwie skuteczne i indywidulnie dopasowane sposoby ochrony.
Cel badawczy: Podstawowym celem było w tym wypadku zbadanie, na ile aktywni obecnie doradcy są świadomi omawianej problematyki i posiadają odpowiednie rozeznanie i wiedzę, aby formułować skuteczne diagnozy.
Metoda badawcza: Na potrzeby badania posłużono się wspomaganym komputerowo sondażem telefonicznym CATI, który przeprowadzono wśród przedstawicieli czołowych firm doradztwa finansowego, działających w Polsce. Komputerowa rozmowa telefoniczna (CATI) była w tym wy­padku techniką optymalną, ponieważ pozwalała na przeprowadzenie wywiadu zgodnie ze skryptem dostarczonym przez aplikację. Tego rodzaju ustrukturyzowany system gromadzenia mikrodanych wydatnie przyspiesza proces pozyskiwania i edycję zgromadzonych informacji. Pozwala również badaczowi wyposażyć respondentów w dodatkową wiedzę na temat znaczenia aktualnych i do­kładnych danych. Oprogramowanie jest w stanie dostosować przebieg wdrażania kwestionariusza na podstawie udzielonych odpowiedzi, a także informacji dotyczących pojedynczego uczestnika. Badaniu poddano 72 przedstawicieli czołowych firm z branży doradztwa finansowego.
Wyniki: Efektem przeprowadzonego badania okazało się dookreślenie kompetencji współcze­snych doradców oraz ocena ich świadomości związanej z koniecznością uwzględnienia ochrony własności intelektualnej w ramach proponowanych usług. W efekcie uzyskano dane pozwalające stwierdzić, że na obszarze doradztwa finansowego, często również posługującego się narzędziami fintech, poziom świadomości związany z koniecznością ochrony własności intelektualnej jest nie tylko wysoki, ale również poparty rzetelnym przygotowaniem merytorycznym.
Modele biznesowe gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym
Authors: Rozwadowska Agnieszka 
Published: December 2020

Przedmiot badań: Koncepcja gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym, skupiająca coraz większą uwagę nie tylko środowiska naukowego, ale i biznesowego, stanowi alternatywny sposób gospodarowania dla obecnie dominującego systemu liniowego. Tradycyjny model konsumpcji „weź-zużyj-wyrzuć” nie może utrzymać się w dłuższej perspektywie, a przedsiębiorstwa muszą dostosować swoje modele biznesowe do zgodnych z zasadami GOZ sposobów tworzenia, dostarczania i przechwy­tywania wartości. Aby osiągnąć pozytywne korzyści gospodarcze, środowiskowe i społeczne przedsiębiorstwa muszą tworzyć nowe modele biznesowe, które oddzielą wzrost gospodarczy od nakładów surowcowych przy zastosowaniu podejścia kołowego. W gospodarce o obiegu za­mkniętym produkty i zasoby wykorzystywane są tak długo, jak to możliwe, na przykład poprzez ponowne wykorzystanie lub naprawę produktów – w gospodarce liniowej zostałyby wyrzucone.
Cel badawczy: Celem niniejszego opracowania jest przedstawienie koncepcji gospodarki o obiegu zamkniętym i proponowanych przez nią potencjałów biznesowych wraz z przykładami tego, jak przedsiębiorstwa na całym świecie sprzedają obecnie produkty i usługi w oparciu o powstające okrągłe modele biznesowe. Przedstawione przykłady najlepszych praktyk mają na celu wykaza­nie różnorodności okrągłych modeli biznesowych wdrażanych przez przedsiębiorstwa i ukazanie możliwości biznesowych w gospodarce o obiegu zamkniętym, które obecnie są wykorzystywane.
Metoda badawcza: Niniejszy artykuł jest wynikiem przeglądu oraz analizy piśmiennictwa i ra­portów dotyczących założeń GOZ i okrągłych modeli biznesowych.
Wyniki: Przejście na okrągły model biznesowy jest przykładem fundamentalnej zmiany, która wymaga nowego sposobu myślenia i prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej. Przedstawiona typologia okrągłego modelu biznesowego daje możliwość wdrożenia idei obiegu zamkniętego na poziomie praktycznym. Należy zauważyć, że opisane w artykule typy wraz z przykładami nie­koniecznie przedstawiają pełne innowacje w modelu biznesowym, ale raczej kluczowe elementy strategii, które przyczyniają się do działalności o obiegu zamkniętym. Posiadają one odrębne cechy, ale dokładnie nie istnieją między nimi granice. Aby wspierać przedsiębiorstwa w osiągnięciu jak najwyższej produktywności zasobów naturalnych, można je stosować pojedynczo lub łącznie.
Wybrane zagadnienia dotyczące umowy dowodowej w postępowaniu odrębnym w sprawach gospodarczych
Authors: Skibińska Magdalena 
Published: December 2020

Przedmiot badań: Przedmiotem badań jest wprowadzona nowelizacją z dnia 4.07.2019 r. do Kodeksu postępowania cywilnego instytucja umów dowodowych w postępowaniu odrębnym w sprawach gospodarczych.
Cel badawczy: Celem artykułu jest nie tylko zbadanie zakresu zastosowania regulacji art. 4589 k.p.c. i dopuszczalnych wyłączeń w umowie dowodowej, ale także określenie skutków zawarcia umowy dowodowej oraz potencjalnych zalet i wad, jakie mogą się wiązać z zawarciem takiej umowy z perspek­tywy celu nowelizacji (jakim jest usprawnienie postępowania) oraz pewności obrotu gospodarczego.
Metoda badawcza: W analizie wykorzystano metodę dogmatycznoprawną.
Wyniki: Przeprowadzone rozważania prowadzą do wniosku, że wprowadzenie umów dowodowych może pod pewnymi warunkami prowadzić do usprawnienia postępowania cywilnego. Jednakże w sytuacji konieczności badania skuteczności i ważności umowy dowodowej korzyść ta może być iluzoryczna. Regulacja ta może także skutkować nadużyciem pozycji ekonomicznej między dużymi a małymi przedsiębiorcami.