bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palmprint recognition using the cosine method
Authors: Kusban M , Hari P B , Budiman A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Palmprint Recognition Technology now requires breakthrough identification of diverse people. Palmprint recognition is the right choice of the system, namely the acceptance of biometrics that can be done quickly and cheaply because it has a significant enough media dimension that is difficult to manipulate. The four classifications of the biometric algorithm, the use of matching methods is still less attractive to researchers. In general, the part of the research concern is in the preprocessing and dimension reduction sections. Although researchers more widely use the Euclidean matching method, the selection of cosine methods is worth considering. The cosine method for the palmprint recognition matching process will have a significant effect on increasing the verification value when inserting the use of the contra-variance formulae in the equation. The selected amount of contra-variance is the data of the training. From the results of research that have been carried out, the rate of EER and verification are quite promising. The value of research results can compensate for other researchers in the same field.
Design of 270 CC T2 gas capacity converter
Authors: Azarul F , Trisno M D , Dahlan D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Fuel motor is a machine that converts chemical energy into mechanical energy. In the design of this approach, we look for a gas converter model in accordance with its capacity according to the volume of the cylinder used, where the thing that needs to be considered is the performance of the gas converter itself, namely from the art form/model, fuel efficiency and large pressure settings. gas supply that enters the combustion chamber. The GX270 general motor is a fuel motor engine used as a test tool. The design was carried out at the STT Muhamadyah Cielungsi mechanical engineering energy conversion laboratory. To understand the variables that affect performance, in making this converter, things that need to be considered are variations in rotation and variations in load. From the design of the gas converter, the results of the design calculation are as follows: T torque = 19.12 (Nm), effective power Ne = 5.003066667 (kW), average effective pressure Pe = 889.4340741 (kPa), total usage hourly fuel mf = 0.0675 (kG / hour), specific fuel consumption Be = 0.013491725 (kg / kN.m), fuel ratio with air F / A = 0.13781, ideal air mass flow rate mv = 0,0,001138242 (m3 / s), volumetric efficiency 843,30666 (%) and thermal efficiency 15,78 (%), the greater the engine rotation used, the more fuel level will be consumed, as well with effective engine power.
Photocarrier transport dynamics in lifetime and relaxation regimes of semiconductors containing traps
Authors: Yu Jingyi , Xu Lingyan , Zhang Binbin , Jie Wanqi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
High resistivity semiconductors used in various optoelectronic devices, such as radiation detectors and photoconductive switches, usually require electrical compensation involving deep level defects, which are also closely related to the photocarrier transport dynamics. In this paper, one-dimensional spatiotemporal evolution of photocarriers is numerically investigated in semiconductors containing traps. After introducing a high concentration of traps, the dynamics can be divided into three categories: relaxation, lifetime and intermediate regimes. Photocarriers will separate in the relaxation regime and transport ambipolarly in the lifetime regime. Captured space charges enhance the internal electric field between photogenerated electrons and holes, thus reduce carriers’ transport velocities in all three regimes. Storage of photocarriers in traps also weakens the majority carrier depletion in the relaxation regime, and could pin the majority carriers to the injection spot in the lifetime regime. In the intermediate regime, both semiconductor type and relative magnitudes of the dielectric relaxation time and carrier lifetimes determine the photocarrier transport behavior. By combining the three-energy-level compensation model and the trap-mediated recombination model, the criterion for different regimes and photocarrier transport dynamics are investigated in deep donor compensated CdTe semiconductors.
Vascular endothelial growth factor A isoforms modulate follicle development in peripubertal heifers independent of diet through diverse signal transduction pathways
Authors: Abedal-Majed Mohamed A , Kurz Scott G , Springman Shelby A , McNeel Anthony K , Freetly Harvey C , Largen Valerie , Magamage Manjula , Sargent Kevin M , Wood Jennifer R , Cushman Robert A , Cupp Andrea S 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFollicular progression during peripuberty is affected by diet. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) induces follicle progression in many species; however, there are limited studies to determine if diet may alter the effects of angiogenic VEGFA165-stimulated follicle progression or antiangiogenic VEGFA165b follicle arrest. We hypothesized that diet affects the magnitude of angiogenic and antiangiogenic VEGFA isoform actions on follicular development through diverse signal transduction pathways. To test this hypothesis, beef heifers in our first trial received Stair-Step (restricted and refeeding) or control diets from 8 to 13 months of age. Ovaries were collected to determine follicle stages, measure vascular gene expression and conduct ovarian cortical cultures. Ovarian cortical cultures were treated with phosphate-buffered saline (control), 50 ng/ml VEGFA165, VEGFA165b, or VEGFA165 + VEGFA165b. The Stair-Step heifers had more primordial follicles (P &lt; 0.0001), greater messenger RNA abundance of vascular markers VE-cadherin (P &lt; 0.0001) and NRP-1 (P &lt; 0.0051) than controls at 13 months of age prior to culture. After culture, VEGFA isoforms had similar effects, independent of diet, where VEGFA165 stimulated and VEGFA165b inhibited VEGFA165-stimulated follicle progression from early primary to antral follicle stages. In vitro cultures were treated with VEGFA isoforms and signal transduction array plates were evaluated. VEGFA165 stimulated expression of genes related to cell cycle, cell proliferation, and growth while VEGFA165b inhibited expression of those genes. Thus, VEGFA isoforms can act independently of diet to alter follicle progression or arrest. Furthermore, follicle progression can be stimulated by VEGFA165 and inhibited by VEGFA165b through diverse signal transduction pathways.
Assessing the Marshall–Lerner condition within a stock-flow consistent model
Authors: Carnevali Emilio , Fontana Giuseppe , Veronese Passarella Marco 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe derive the general equilibrium condition for the terms of trade in a two-country economy model. We show that the Marshall–Lerner condition is only a special case of this condition, in which a full exchange rate pass-through to import prices is assumed. In fact, the Marshall–Lerner condition is not even a ‘useful approximation’ of the general condition. For the full pass-through assumption has destabilising, rather than stabilizing, effects, when it is introduced in a stock-flow consistent dynamic model. More generally, the higher (lower) the pass-through, the slower (quicker) is the adjustment of the economy towards the equilibrium. This is tantamount to saying that the speed of adjustment is a positive function of the strategic behaviour of the exporters, who attempt to retain their market share by keeping their foreign currency-denominated prices unchanged.
Alien domains shaped the modular structure of plant NLR proteins
Authors: Andolfo Giuseppe , Donato Antimo Di , Chiaiese Pasquale , Natale Antonino De , Pollio Antonino , Jones Jonathan D G , Frusciante Luigi , Ercolano Maria Raffaella 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Plant innate immunity mostly relies on nucleotide-binding (NB) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) intracellular receptors to detect pathogen-derived molecules and to induce defense responses. A multi-taxa reconstruction of NB-domain associations allowed us to identify the first NB-LRR arrangement in the Chlorophyta division of the Viridiplantae. Our analysis points out that the basic NOD-like receptor (NLR) unit emerged in Chlorophytes by horizontal transfer and its diversification started from TIR-NB-LRR (TNL) members. The operon-based genomic structure of Chromochloris zofingiensis NLR copies suggests a functional origin of NLR clusters. Moreover, the transmembrane signatures of NLR proteins in the unicellular alga C. zofingiensis supports the hypothesis that the NLR-based immunity system of plants derives from a cell-surface surveillance system. Taken together, our findings suggest that NLRs originated in unicellular algae and may have a common origin with cell surface LRR receptors.
Microbial Shifts and Shorter Time to Bowel Resection Surgery Associated with C. difficile in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Hellmann Jennifer , Andersen Heidi , Fei Lin , Linn Aaron , Bezold Ramona , Lake Kathleen , Jackson Kimberly , Meyer Danielle , Dirksing Kelsie , Bonkowski Erin , Ollberding Nicholas J , Haslam David B , Denson Lee 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Clostridioides difficile infection and colonization are common in pediatric Crohn’s disease (CD). Our aims were to test the relationship between C. difficile positivity and bowel resection surgery and to characterize microbial shifts associated with C. difficile carriage and surgery.

Methods
A retrospective single-center study of 75 pediatric CD patients tested for association between C. difficile carriage and bowel resection surgery. A prospective single-center study of 70 CD patients utilized C. difficile testing and shotgun metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples to define microbiota variation stratified by C. difficile carriage or history of surgery.

Results
The rate of bowel resection surgery increased from 21% in those without C. difficile to 67% in those with (P = 0.003). From a Kaplan-Meier survival model, the hazard ratio for time to first surgery was 4.4 (95% CI, 1.2–16.2; P = 0.00) in patients with positive C. difficile testing in the first year after diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis confirmed this association (odds ratio 16.2; 95% CI, 2.2–120; P = 0.006). Larger differences in microbial abundance and metabolic pathways were observed in patients with prior surgery than in those with C. difficile carriage. Depletion of Alistipes and Ruminococcus species and reduction in methionine biosynthesis were noted in patients with both C. difficile carriage and past surgery.

Conclusions
A positive C. difficile test during the first year after diagnosis is associated with decreased time to first bowel resection surgery in pediatric Crohn’s disease. Depletion of beneficial commensals and methionine biosynthesis in patients with C. difficile carriage may contribute to increased risk for surgery.
Complex Manifolds With Negative Curvature Operator
Authors: Lee Man-Chun , Streets Jeffrey 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We prove that compact complex manifolds admitting metrics with negative Chern curvature operator either admit a $d d^c$-exact positive $(1,1)$ current or are Kähler with ample canonical bundle. In the case of complex surfaces we obtain a complete classification. The proofs rely on a global existence and convergence result for the pluriclosed flow.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing Among People Who Inject Drugs in Rural West Virginia
Authors: Allen Sean T , Grieb Suzanne M , White Rebecca Hamilton , O’Rourke Allison , Kilkenny Michael E , Jones Christopher M , Latkin Carl , Sherman Susan G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Limited research exists on factors associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing among people who inject drugs (PWID) in rural America. The purpose of this research is to identify factors associated with rural PWID in Appalachia having not been tested for HIV in the past year.

Methods
Cross-sectional data (n = 408) from a 2018 PWID population estimation study in West Virginia were used to examine factors associated with PWID having not been tested for HIV in the past year.

Results
Most participants identified as male (61%), white, non-Hispanic (84%), and reported having recently injected heroin (81%) and/or crystal methamphetamine (71%). Most (64%) reported having been tested for HIV in the past year, 17% reported having been tested but not in the past year, and 19% reported never having been tested. In multivariable analysis, not having been in a drug treatment program in the past year was associated with PWID not having been tested for HIV in the past year (adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.430; 95% confidence interval, 1.080–1.894).

Conclusions
Drug treatment programs may be important venues for rural PWID to access HIV testing; however, testing services should be offered at multiple venues as most PWID had not engaged in drug treatment in the past year.
Substrate curvature induces fallopian tube epithelial cell invasion via cell–cell tension in a model of ovarian cortical inclusion cysts
Authors: Fleszar Andrew J , Walker Alyssa , Kreeger Pamela K , Notbohm Jacob 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThroughout the body, epithelial tissues contain curved features (e.g. cysts, ducts and crypts) that influence cell behaviors. These structures have varied curvature, with flat structures having zero curvature and structures such as crypts having large curvature. In the ovary, cortical inclusion cysts (CICs) of varying curvatures are found, and fallopian tube epithelial (FTE) cells have been found trapped within these cysts. FTE are the precursor for ovarian cancer, and the CIC niche has been proposed to play a role in ovarian cancer progression. We hypothesized that variations in ovarian CIC curvature that occur during cyst resolution impact the ability of trapped FTE cells to invade into the surrounding stroma. Using a lumen model in collagen gels, we determined that increased curvature resulted in more invasions of mouse FTE cells. To isolate curvature as a system parameter, we developed a novel technique to pattern concave curvatures into collagen gels. When FTE cells were seeded to confluency on curved substrates, increases in curvature increased the number of invading FTE cells and the invasion distance. FTE invasion into collagen substrates with higher curvature depended on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), but expression of collagen I degrading Mmps was not different on curved and flat regions. A finite-element model predicted that contractility and cell–cell connections were essential for increased invasion on substrates with higher curvature, while cell–substrate interactions had minimal effect. Experiments supported these predictions, with invasion decreased by blebbistatin, ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N’,N’-tetraacetic acid (EGTA) or N-cadherin-blocking antibody, but with no effect from a focal adhesion kinase inhibitor. Finally, experimental evidence supports that cell invasion on curved substrates occurs in two phases—a cell–cell-dependent initiation phase where individual cells break away from the monolayer and an MMP-dependent phase as cells migrate further into the collagen matrix.
Incidental Fungi in Host Trees Disrupt the Development of Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) Symbiotic Fungus and Larvae
Authors: Wang Lixiang , Li Chunchun , Shi Juan , Li Chengcheng , Li Jiale , Ren Lili , Luo Youqing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe woodwasp, Sirex noctilio Fabricius, is an exotic pest of Pinus L. in the southern hemisphere and North America, and it is an emerging threat in northeastern China. Adult woodwasps have numerous insect competitors for oviposition substrates, and developing larvae must compete for resources with other subcortical invaders. Its mutualistic fungus Amylostereum areolatum (Fr.) Boidon, is less competitive than many other fungal colonists present in pine ecosystems. This study investigated the effects of incidental, host-colonizing fungi on the growth and development of woodwasp larvae and A. areolatum. Fungi were isolated from dead S. noctilio larvae within galleries (primarily Trichoderma Pers, Ophiostoma Sydow, and Sphaeropsis Sacc.), and effects of these fungi on woodwasp brood survival were investigated via inoculations of S. noctilio-infested logs. Larval mortality was significantly increased in sample logs inoculated with Ophiostoma minus (Hedgc.) Sydow Phlebiopsis gigantea (Fr.) Jülich, Trichoderma atroviride Bissett, Trichoderma viride Pers, and Trichoderma harzianum Rifai. Inoculation of logs with O. minus resulted in the highest mortality and greatest reductions in wood moisture content. When grown on artificial media, these fungi grew faster than and inhibited growth of A. areolatum mycelium. We propose that the adverse effects of incidental fungi on the survival of S. noctilio larvae may be caused at least in part by an indirect mechanism involving inhibition of the fungal symbiont. The findings provide potentially valuable information for suppressing S. noctilio populations using microbial control agents.
Residual Effects of Insecticides on Deraeocoris brevis (Hemiptera: Miridae)
Authors: Amarasekare Kaushalya G , Shearer Peter W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Deraeocoris brevis (Uhler) is a key predatory natural enemy of insects and mites in pear orchards in the United States. Insecticides used for crop protection in pear orchards and their residues can negatively affect populations of D. brevis. The focus of this study was to investigate the field-aged residual effects of lambda-cyhalothrin, spinetoram, and chlorantraniliprole insecticides on D. brevis through contact exposure. An airblast sprayer was used to apply the high label rate of insecticides on pear trees. Leaves were collected from the experimental trees at 1 d after treatment (DAT) and then at 7-d intervals up to 21 DAT. Adults and nymphs were exposed to leaves with insecticide residues or untreated control for 72 h in the laboratory. The nymphs that survived the treatments were reared until they emerged as adults. The surviving paired adults were reared until death. The treated nymphs were assessed for acute mortality, survival, developmental time, and the sex ratio if they emerged as adults. The treated adults were assessed for acute and chronic mortality, fecundity, fertility, and longevity. Both nymphs and adults exposed to leaf residues of lambda-cyhalothrin had significantly higher acute mortality compared with the insects exposed to the control. When compared with the control treatment, the toxicity of field-aged residues of lambda-cyhalothrin, chlorantraniliprole, and spinetoram can persist over a longer period of time. Similar patterns were observed in previous laboratory and field experiments on D. brevis. We discuss the residual effects of three insecticides through contact exposure of D. brevis.
The Iκεα model of feedback-regulated galaxy formation
Authors: Sharma Mahavir , Theuns Tom 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We present the Iκεα model of galaxy formation, in which a galaxy’s star formation rate is set by the balance between energy injected by feedback from massive stars and energy lost by the deepening of the potential of its host dark matter halo due to cosmological accretion. Such a balance is secularly stable provided that the star formation rate increases with the pressure in the star forming gas. The Iκεα model has four parameters that together control the feedback from star formation and the cosmological accretion rate onto a halo. Iκεα reproduces accurately the star formation rate as a function of halo mass and redshift in the eagle hydrodynamical simulation, even when all four parameters are held constant. It predicts the emergence of a star forming main sequence along which the specific star formation rate depends weakly on stellar mass with an amplitude that increases rapidly with redshift. We briefly discuss the emerging mass-metallicity relation, the evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function, and an extension of the model that includes feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN). These self-regulation results are independent of the star formation law and the galaxy’s gas content. Instead, star forming galaxies are shaped by the balance between stellar feedback and cosmological accretion, with accurately accounting for energy losses associated with feedback a crucial ingredient.
Impact of AGN feedback on galaxies and their multiphase ISM across cosmic time
Authors: Valentini Milena , Murante Giuseppe , Borgani Stefano , Granato Gian Luigi , Monaco Pierluigi , Brighenti Fabrizio , Tornatore Luca , Bressan Alessandro , Lapi Andrea 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We present simulations of galaxy formation, based on the GADGET-3 code, in which a sub-resolution model for star formation and stellar feedback is interfaced with a new model for AGN feedback. Our sub-resolution model describes a multiphase ISM, accounting for hot and cold gas within the same resolution element: we exploit this feature to investigate the impact of coupling AGN feedback energy to the different phases of the ISM over cosmic time. Our fiducial model considers that AGN feedback energy coupling is driven by the covering factors of the hot and cold phases. We perform a suite of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of disc galaxies (Mhalo, DM ≃ 2 · 1012 M⊙, at z = 0), to investigate: (i) the effect of different ways of coupling AGN feedback energy to the multiphase ISM; (ii) the impact of different prescriptions for gas accretion (i.e. only cold gas, both cold and hot gas, with the additional possibility of limiting gas accretion from cold gas with high angular momentum); (iii) how different models of gas accretion and coupling of AGN feedback energy affect the coevolution of supermassive BHs and their host galaxy. We find that at least a share of the AGN feedback energy has to couple with the diffuse gas, in order to avoid an excessive growth of the BH mass. When the BH only accretes cold gas, it experiences a growth that is faster than in the case in which both cold and hot gas are accreted. If the accretion of cold gas with high angular momentum is reduced, the BH mass growth is delayed, the BH mass at z = 0 is reduced by up to an order of magnitude, and the BH is prevented from accreting below z ≲ 2, when the galaxy disc forms.
Misalignment of Magnetic Fields, Outflows and Discs in Star-forming Clouds
Authors: Machida Masahiro N , Hirano Shingo , Kitta Hideyuki 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Using resistive magnetohydrodynamics simulations, the propagation of protostellar jets, the formation of circumstellar discs and the configuration of magnetic fields are investigated from the prestellar cloud phase until ∼500 yr after protostar formation. As the initial state, we prepare magnetized rotating clouds, in which the rotation axis is misaligned with the global magnetic field by an angle θ0. We calculate the cloud evolution for nine models with different θ0( = 0, 5, 10, 30, 45, 60, 80, 85, 90○). Our simulations show that there is no significant difference in the physical quantities of the protostellar jet, such as the mass and momentum, among the models except for the model with θ0 = 90○. On the other hand, the directions of the jet, disc normal and magnetic field are never aligned with each other during the early phase of star formation except for the model with θ0 = 0○. Even when the rotation axis of the prestellar cloud is slightly inclined to the global magnetic field, the directions of the jet, disc normal and local magnetic field differ considerably, and they randomly change over time. Our results indicate that it is very difficult to extract any information from the observations of the directions of the outflow, disc and magnetic field at the scale of $\lesssim$1000 au. Thus, we cannot use such observations to derive any restrictions on the star formation process.