bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological characteristics of Chinese patients with genuine halitosis
Authors: He Mei , Lu Haixia , Cao Junyao , Zhang Yu , Wong May Chun Mei , Fan Juan , Ye Wei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe present case–control study aimed to compare the psychological status of patients with and without halitosis, and investigate the association between psychological disorders and halitosis.MethodsPatients who complained about bad breath and diagnosed with genuine halitosis were assigned to the halitosis group, while patients without genuine halitosis were assigned to the control group (n = 106, each group). Information on the demographics and Symptom Checklist‐90 (SCL‐90) of participants was collected. The organoleptic score and Halimeter measurement were used to measure halitosis.ResultsThe mean SCL‐90 score of participants in the halitosis group (0.63) was significantly greater than that in the control group (0.48) (p = .002). The scores of the domains of interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, depression, and paranoid ideation were found to be significantly different between the two groups (p < .05). However, there were no significant differences in SCL‐90 scores between the mild and moderate–severe halitosis groups (p = .479).ConclusionThe psychological status of genuine halitosis patients was significantly worse than normal patients without halitosis complaint and also without halitosis. The main problems were in the aspects of interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, depression, and paranoia. However, the negative impact was not related to the severity of halitosis.
Severe preschool asthmatics have altered cytokine and anti‐viral responses during exacerbation
Authors: Lejeune Stéphanie , Pichavant Muriel , Engelmann Ilka , Béghin Laurent , Drumez Elodie , Le Rouzic Olivier , Dessein Rodrigue , Rogeau Stéphanie , Beke Timothée , Kervoaze Gwenola , Delvart Céline , Ducoin Héloïse , Pouessel Guillaume , Le Mée Armelle , Boileau Sophie , Roussel Juliette , Bonnel Cécile , Mordacq Clémence , Thumerelle Caroline , Gosset Philippe , Deschildre Antoine 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundPreschool asthma/recurrent wheeze is a heterogeneous condition. Different clinical phenotypes have been described, including episodic viral wheeze (EVW), severe intermittent wheeze (SIW), and multiple‐trigger wheeze (MTW).ObjectiveTo compare clinical, viral, and inflammatory/immune profiling at exacerbation between MTW, SIW, and EVW phenotypes.MethodsMulticenter, prospective, observational cohort (VIRASTHMA‐2). Children (1‐5 years) with preschool asthma were enrolled during hospitalization for a severe exacerbation. History and anamnestic data, plasma, and nasal samples were collected at exacerbation (T1) and at steady state, 8 weeks later (T2), and sputum samples were collected at T1.ResultsA total of 147 children were enrolled, 37 (25%) had SIW, 18 (12.2%) EVW, and 92 (63%) MTW. They were atopic (47%), exposed to mold (22%) and cigarette smoke (50%), and prone to exacerbations (≥2 in the previous year in 70%). At exacerbation, at least one virus was isolated in 94% and rhinovirus in 75%, with no difference between phenotypes. Children with MTW and SIW phenotypes displayed lower plasma concentrations of IFN‐γ (P = .002), IL‐5 (P = .020), TNF‐α (P = .038), IL‐10 (P = .002), IFN‐β (P = .036), and CXCL10 (P = .006) and lower levels of IFN‐γ (P = .047) in sputum at exacerbation than children with EVW. At T2, they also displayed lower plasma levels of IFN‐γ (P = .045) and CXCL10 (P = .013).ConclusionAmong preschool asthmatic children, MTW and SIW, prone to exacerbations, display lower systemic levels of Th1, Th2 cytokines, pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines, and antiviral responses during severe virus‐induced exacerbation.
Induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived myeloid cells expressing OX40 ligand amplify antigen‐specific T cells in advanced melanoma
Authors: Kimura Toshihiro , Fukushima Satoshi , Okada Etsuko , Kuriyama Haruka , Kanemaru Hisashi , Kadohisa‐Tsuruta Mina , Kubo Yosuke , Nakahara Satoshi , Tokuzumi Aki , Kajihara Ikko , Makino Katsunari , Miyashita Azusa , Aoi Jun , Makino Takamitsu , Tsukamoto Hirotake , Nishimura Yasuharu , Inozume Takashi , Zhang Rong , Uemura Yasushi , Senju Satoru , Ihn Hironobu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors improved the survival rate of patients with unresectable melanoma. However, some patients do not respond, and variable immune‐related adverse events have been reported. Therefore, more effective and antigen‐specific immune therapies are urgently needed. We previously reported the efficacy of an immune cell therapy with immortalized myeloid cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS‐ML). In this study, we generated OX40L‐overexpressing iPS‐ML (iPS‐ML‐Zsgreen‐OX40L) and investigated their characteristics and in vivo efficacy against mouse melanoma. We found that iPS‐ML‐Zsgreen‐OX40L suppressed the progression of B16‐BL6 melanoma, and prolonged survival of mice with ovalbumin (OVA)‐expressing B16 melanoma (MO4). The number of antigen‐specific CD8+ T cells was higher in spleen cells treated with OVA peptide‐pulsed iPS‐ML‐Zsgreen‐OX40L than in those without OX40L. The OVA peptide‐pulsed iPS‐ML‐Zsgreen‐OX40L significantly increased the number of tumor‐infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs) in MO4 tumor. Flow cytometry showed decreased regulatory T cells but increased effector and effector memory T cells among the TILs. Although we plan to use allogeneic iPS‐ML in the clinical applications, iPS‐ML showed the tumorgenicity in the syngeneic mice model. Incorporating the suicide gene is necessary to ensure the safety in the future study. Collectively, these results indicate that iPS‐ML‐Zsgreen‐OX40L therapy might be a new method for antigen‐specific cancer immunotherapy.
High herkogamy but low reciprocity characterizes isoplethic populations of Jasminum malabaricum, a species with stigma‐height dimorphism
Authors: Ganguly S. , Barua D. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Studies of floral polymorphisms have focused on heterostyly, while stigma‐height dimorphism has received considerably less attention. Few studies have examined the reproductive biology of species with stigma‐height dimorphism to understand how factors influencing mate availability and pollen transfer are related to morph ratios in populations.

Floral morphological traits, especially herkogamy and reciprocity, pollinator visitation, breeding system and spatiotemporal mate availability, are known to affect inter‐morph pollination and morph ratios in species with stigma‐height dimorphism. In this study, we investigated the presence of stigma‐height dimorphism and estimated morph ratios in four naturally occurring populations of Jasminum malabaricum. We quantified morph‐ and population‐specific differences in the abovementioned factors in these populations to understand the observed morph ratios.

The positions of anthers and stigmas were characteristic of stigma‐height dimorphism, the first report of this polymorphism in the genus. All study populations were isoplethic, implying equal fitness of both morphs. Herkogamy was higher in the short‐styled morph, while reciprocity was higher between the long‐styled stigma and short‐styled anthers. Long‐ and short‐tongued pollinators were common floral visitors, and we observed no differences between morphs in spatiotemporal mate availability or pollinator visitation. Neither morph exhibited self‐ or heteromorphic incompatibility.

The short‐styled stigma had lower reciprocity but likely receives sufficient inter‐morph pollen from long‐tongued pollinators, and also by avoiding self‐pollination due to higher herkogamy. These results highlight the importance of sufficient effective pollinators and floral morphological features, particularly herkogamy, in maintaining isoplethy in species with stigma‐height dimorphism.
Biological and genetic characterization of carrot red leaf virus and its associated virus/RNA isolated from carrots in Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Yoshida Naoto 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCarrot motley dwarf (CMD) is caused by mixed infection of carrot red leaf virus (CtRLV) with either carrot mottle virus (CMoV) or carrot mottle mimic virus, and additional infection with CtRLV‐associated RNA (CtRLVaRNA). Here, the author investigated the viruses or virus‐like RNA isolated from carrots with reddening symptoms in Hokkaido, the northern island of Japan. Three types of infections were mainly detected: single infection with CtRLV, which was most prevalent; double infection with CtRLV and CMoV; and triple infection with CtRLV, CMoV, and CtRLVaRNA. Fields with the three agents were severely affected, with diseased plants showing mottling, whereas in fields where disease incidence was low and sporadic, CtRLV was often found alone in plants with mild symptoms. Inoculation tests using carrot plants showed that CMoV enhanced disease severity, and the RNA accumulation of CtRLV. However, in the presence of CtRLVaRNA (+ CMoV), distinct symptoms such as systemic mottling and stunting developed, while the enhancement of CtRLV accumulation was abolished. These results imply that CtRLVaRNA (+ CMoV) antagonizes CtRLV despite its dependence on CtRLV for aphid transmission, and that mixed infection with CtRLVaRNA is involved in the development of the conspicuous mottling. All agents detected in Hokkaido were very similar to European and American isolates in terms of their genomic sequences and host range. This represents the first report of CMD in Japan, and provides further information on the genetic and biological properties of CMD‐associated agents, as well as the aetiology of the disease.
What Geographical Concentration of Industries in the Tunisian Sahel? Empirical Evidence Using Distance‐Based Measures
Authors: Laajimi Rawaa , Le Gallo Julie , Benammou Saloua 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the location patterns of manufacturing industries within the most developed regions of Tunisia, the Sahel. We use detailed micro‐geographic data and the distance‐based approach of Duranton and Overman. While the textile industry shows a high degree of geographical concentration, the high‐tech industries are also among the most concentrated, meaning that the Tunisian Sahel gathers a specialised pool in these industries. We further analyse the location patterns of manufacturing sub‐sectors: totally and partially exporting plants and domestic, mixed and foreign plants and show that totally exporting plants and foreign and mixed plants exhibit strong geographical concentration.
Measuring Job Accessibility Through Integrating Travel Time, Transit Fare And Income: A Study Of The Chicago Metropolitan Area
Authors: Liu Dong , Kwan Mei‐Po 
Published: April 2020

AbstractJob accessibility, as a crucial social equity indicator, has been primarily measured by travel time/distance and transit fare. However, the effect of income has rarely been integrated with the total travel monetary cost (i.e. the sum of transit fare and travel time monetary cost) in measuring job accessibility. The different sensitivity to travel cost of people with different income levels should be included in job accessibility measures. This study proposes a measure that turns travel time, transit fare and income into a comparable unit and considers the total travel monetary cost as a percentage of income. We measure transit‐based accessibility to low‐pay jobs in Chicago before and after considering the total travel monetary cost as a percentage of income. The results indicate that the job accessibility for low‐income people is overestimated while the job accessibility for non‐low‐income people is underestimated based on the traditional measure. The proposed measure mitigates the overestimation and underestimation effects and helps better inform policy‐makers of the real job accessibility distribution pattern.
Growth rate of coeliac children is compromised before the onset of the disease
Authors: Auricchio Renata , Stellato Pio , Bruzzese Dario , Cielo Donatella , Chiurazzi Alfredo , Galatola Martina , Castilljeo Gemma , Crespo Escobar Paula , Gyimesi Judith , Hartman Corina , Kolacek Sanja , Koletzko Sybille , Korponay-Szabo Ilma , Mearin Maria Luisa , Meijer Caroline , Pieścik-Lech Malgoscia , Polanco Isabel , Ribes-Koninckx Carmen , Shamir Raanan , Szajewska Hania , Troncone Riccardo , Greco Luigi 
Published: April 2020

IntroductionGrowth impairment has often been described in children who develop coeliac disease (CD). Based on data from the multicentre, longitudinal PreventCD study, we analysed the growth patterns of infants at genetic risk of CD, comparing those who developed CD by 6 years of age (CD ‘cases’, 113 infants) versus those who did not develop CD by 6 years (no CD ‘controls’, 831 infants).MethodsWeight and length/height were measured using a longitudinal protocol. Raw measurements were standardised, computing z-scores for length/height and weight; a linear mixed model was fitted to the data in order to compare the rate of growth in the two cohorts.ResultsNeither cases nor controls had significant growth failure. However, when the mean z-scores for weight and height were analysed, there was a difference between the two groups starting at fourth month of life. When the growth pattern in the first year was analysed longitudinally using mixed models, it emerged that children who develop CD had a significantly lower growth rate in weight z-score (−0.028/month; 95% CI −0.038 to −0.017; p<0.001) and in length/height z-score (−0.018/month; 95% CI −0.031 to −0.005; p=0.008) than those who do not develop CD. When the whole follow-up period was analysed (0–6 years), differences between groups in both weight and length/height z-scores were confirmed.ConclusionThe growth of children at risk of CD rarely fell below ‘clinical standards’. However, growth rate was significantly lower in cases than in controls. Our data suggest that peculiar pathways of growth are present in children who develop CD, long before any clinical or serological signs of the disease appear.
Long-term pain relief following percutaneous steroid treatment of spinal synovial cysts: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Fletcher-Sandersjöö Alexander , Edström Erik , Kuntze Söderqvist Åsa , Grane Per , Elmi-Terander Adrian 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundSpinal synovial cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop after facet joint degeneration and can give rise to radicular pain. If resistant to conservative management, surgical decompression or percutaneous steroid treatment is usually recommended. Percutaneous treatment minimizes the risk of spinal instability, but it has been uncertain whether it provides any long-term symptom relief. Moreover, it is unclear whether cyst rupture provides any added benefit.ObjectiveTo assess long-term pain relief in patients with spinal synovial cysts who were treated with percutaneous intra-articular steroid treatment without cyst rupture.MethodsA population-based cohort-study was conducted of all patients with symptomatic synovial cysts who were treated with percutaneous intra-articular steroid treatment without cyst rupture between 1995 and 2014.ResultsThirty-eight patients were included. All patients had variations of lower back and radicular pain. Intra-articular access was achieved in 35 (92%) patients, and there were no treatment-related complications. At short-term assessment, 30 (79%) had pain relief. During the median follow-up of 11 years, 12 (32%) patients showed sustained pain relief without the need for decompressive surgery.ConclusionsPercutaneous intra-articular steroid treatment without cyst rupture is a safe treatment for symptomatic spinal synovial cysts and eliminates the need for surgery in a substantial number of patients. It can be suggested as a first line of treatment.
Creep prediction of GFRP directors in a multiple launch rocket system under long-term stacking storage
Authors: Sun Tong-Sheng , Yu Cun-Gui , Wang Qi , Zhong Jian-Lin 
Published: April 2020

During long-term stacking storage, creep deformation of polymeric composite directors used in multiple launch rocket systems can appear, which affects rocket launch. In this work, E-glass/epoxy 6509 composite laminates were prepared and 60/60 min creep/creep-recovery tests were carried out in the transverse and shear directions at different stress levels. Parameters of the Schapery’s nonlinear viscoelastic equation were obtained based on the test data. Then, a three-dimensional nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive model based on Schapery’s equation was implemented in the standard finite element code UMAT and a finite element model was developed to predict the creep deformation of the composite directors after 15 years of stacking storage. The effect of creep deformation on rocket launching was also studied. The results show that the residual deformation of the directors is a saddle-shaped distribution in three-dimensional space, the maximum residual deformation is 0.24 mm, and the minimum residual deformation is 0.22 mm. The creep deformation of the director causes a significant increase in the contact-collision force during launching, resulting in a decrease in the rocket run-off track velocity.
Thin accretion disks and charged rotating dilaton black holes
Authors: Heydari-Fard Mohaddese , Heydari-Fard Malihe , Sepangi Hamid Reza 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEinstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory is an interesting theory of gravity for studying scalar fields in the context of no-hair theorem. In this work, we consider static charged dilaton and charged, slowly rotating dilaton black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity. We investigate the accretion process in thin disks around such black holes, using the Novikov-Thorne model. The electromagnetic flux, temperature distribution, energy conversion efficiency and also innermost stable circular orbits of thin disks are obtained and effects of dilaton and rotation parameters are studied. For the static and slowly rotating black holes the results are compared to that of Schwarzschild and Kerr, respectively.
Cluster ion polymerization of serine and tryptophan, the water loss channel
Authors: Tiefenthaler Lukas , Kočišek Jaroslav , Scheier Paul 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
We present an experimental study on the stability of cluster cations formed by the assembly of tryptophan or serine moelcules inside charged helium droplets and subsequent droplet evaporation. The stability is probed via collision induced dissociation and mass spectrometry. We focus on the neutral loss of 18 Da that was previously proposed to result in the formation of an amide bond in amino acid clusters. We show that the cluster cations formed by the neutral loss of 18 Da from protonated parent cluster ion precursors are softly, presumably van der Waals, bound similar to the parent and protonated parent cluster cations. Cluster cations formed after neutral loss of 18 Da from the parent cluster cations are strongly bound, indicating the formation of new covalent bonds. Even though we observe a signal at m/z corresponding to dipeptide cations, their collision induced dissociation fragmentation does not allow unambiguous identification of their structure, particularly the amide bond. Our study at cryogenic conditions of He droplets demonstrates that peptide formation by the cluster ion polymerization is not a barrierless process and the formation of amide bonds may depend on activation methods and available catalysts.

Graphical abstract
Effects of incentive spirometry on cardiopulmonary parameters, functional capacity and glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Aweto Happiness Anulika , Obikeh Esther Onyinyechi , Tella Bosede Abidemi 
Published: April 2020

Background: Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suffer cardiopulmonary impairment and may present with weakness of the inspiratory muscles. Objective: This study was designed to determine the effects of incentive spirometry (IS) on selected cardiopulmonary parameters, functional capacity and glycemic control in patients with T2DM. Methods: Fifty-nine participants (25 males and 34 females) recruited from the out-patient clinic of the Department of Medicine of two hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria, who were randomly assigned into two groups, completed the study. In addition to the medical management of T2DM, IS group received incentive spirometry while control group continued with the medical management of T2DM alone. Selected cardiovascular parameters, pulmonary parameters, functional capacity (using 6-min walk test) and fasting blood glucose level were assessed at baseline and at the end of eight weeks intervention period. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 21). Level of significance was set at [Formula: see text]. Results: There were statistically significant improvements in all the cardiovascular parameters ([Formula: see text]) of IS group except systolic blood pressure. There were significant changes in all the pulmonary parameters, functional capacity and glycemic control ([Formula: see text]) of IS group while there was none in control group. There were significant differences between the mean changes of various selected outcome measures of the two groups ([Formula: see text]) except for diastolic blood pressure and blood glucose level. Conclusion: IS had positive effects in improving cardiopulmonary function, functional capacity and glycemic control in patients with T2DM.
sLRP1 (Soluble Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1)
Authors: Chen Jiefang , Pi Shulan , Yu Cheng , Shi Hanqing , Liu Yuxiao , Guo Xiaoqing , Zhou Lian , Li Yuanyuan , He Hui , Xia Yuanpeng , Mao Ling , Hu Bo 
Published: April 2020

Objective:
Recent studies suggest that the P2Y12 (P2Y purinoceptor 12) receptor of vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerotic plaques aggravates atherosclerosis, and P2Y12 receptor inhibitors such as CDL (clopidogrel) may effectively treat atherosclerosis. It is imperative to identify an effective biomarker for reflecting the P2Y12 receptor expression on vascular smooth muscle cells in plaques.

Approach and Results:

We found that there was a positive correlation between the level of circulating sLRP1 (soluble low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1) and the number of LRP1
+
α-SMA
+
(α-smooth muscle actin), P2Y12
+
, or P2Y12
+
LRP1
+
cells in plaques from apoE
−/−
mice fed a high-fat diet. Furthermore, activation of the P2Y12 receptor increased the expression and shedding of LRP1 in vascular smooth muscle cells by inhibiting cAMP (3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate)/PKA (protein kinase A)/SREBP-2 (sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2). Conversely, genetic knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of the P2Y12 receptor had the opposite effects. Additionally, CDL decreased the number of lesional LRP1
+
α-SMA
+
cells and the levels of circulating sLRP1 by activating cAMP/PKA/SREBP-2 in apoE
−/−
mice fed a high-fat diet.

Conclusions:
Our study suggests that sLRP1 may be a biomarker that reflects the P2Y12 receptor level in plaques and has the potential to be an indicator for administering P2Y12 receptor inhibitors for patients with atherosclerosis.