bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recombinant protein production associated growth inhibition results mainly from transcription and not from translation
Authors: Li Zhaopeng , Rinas Ursula 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecombinant protein production can be stressful to the host organism. The extent of stress is determined by the specific properties of the recombinant transcript and protein, by the rates of transcription and translation, and by the environmental conditions encountered during the production process.ResultsThe impact of the transcription of the T7-promoter controlled genes encoding human basic fibroblast growth factor (hFGF-2) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) as well as the translation into the recombinant protein on the growth properties of the production hostE. coliBL21(DE3) were investigated. This was done by using expression vectors where the promoter region or the ribosome binding site(s) or both were removed. It is shown that already transcription without protein translation imposes a metabolic burden on the host cell. Translation of the transcript into large amounts of a properly folded protein does not show any effect on cell growth in the best case, e.g. high-level production of GFP in Luria–Bertani medium. However, translation appears to contribute to the metabolic burden if it is connected to protein folding associated problems, e.g. inclusion body formation.ConclusionThe so-called metabolic burden of recombinant protein production is mainly attributed to transcription but can be enhanced through translation and those processes following translation (e.g. protein folding and degradation, heat-shock responses).
The effect of synbiotics supplementation on anthropometric indicators and lipid profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Karimi Elham , Heshmati Javad , Shirzad Nooshin , Vesali Samira , Hosseinzadeh-Attar Mohammad Javad , Moini Ashraf , Sepidarkish Mahdi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Different therapies have been suggested for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but changes in lifestyle and diet have been considered. Diet and dietary factors can be very effective in modifying the disease. The positive effects of probiotic and synbiotics supplementation on improving lipid profiles and anthropometric indices have been examined in various diseases. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of synbiotics supplementation on lipid and anthropometric profiles in infertile women with PCOS.

Methods
PCOS patients aged 19–37 years old were randomized to receive either synbiotics supplement (n = 50) or placebo (n = 49) for 12 weeks.

Results
Consumption of synbiotics compared to the placebo, resulted in a significant decrease in Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) value (Change Mean Difference (CMD): 4.66, 95%CI: 0.20, 9.13) and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (CMD: 1.80, 95%CI: 0.34, 3.26). Although we failed to find a significant effect of synbiotics consumption on total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels. We did not find differences in anthropometric indices between groups.

Conclusions
Overall, 12 weeks of synbiotics supplementation among PCOS women resulted in beneficial effects on LDL and HDL, although it is not yet clear how much our findings are clinically significant and more clinical studies with larger sample sizes are still needed.

Trial registration
Iranian Registry of clinical Trial, IRCT.ir, ID: IRCT2014110515536N2. Registered on 19 December 2015.

Graphical abstract
Cost-effectiveness of diabetic retinopathy screening programs using telemedicine: a systematic review
Authors: Avidor Daniel , Loewenstein Anat , Waisbourd Michael , Nutman Amir 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a significant global public health and economic burden. DR accounts for approximately 15–17% of all cases of total blindness in the USA and Europe. Telemedicine is a new intervention for DR screening, however, there is not enough evidence to support its cost-effectiveness. The aim of this study is to review the most recent published literature on economic evaluations of telemedicine in DR screening and summarize the evidence on the cost-effectiveness of this technology.

Methods
A systematic search of PubMed, Embase and Google Scholar for relevant articles published between January 2010 and January 2020. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: (1) recruited subjects with either type 1, type 2 diabetes (2) evaluated telemedicine technology (3) patients underwent primary screening for DR (4) compared a telemedicine-based intervention with standard care (5) performed an economic evaluation or provided sufficient data for evaluating the cost-effectiveness of the technology used.

Results
Of 2238 articles screened, seven studies were included. Four of the studies were conducted in developed countries: The United States, Singapore and two studies in Canada. Three studies were conducted in developing countries: India, Brazil and South Africa. The patient populations in all studies were diabetic patients over the age of 18, previously not screened for DR. All seven studies used a telemedicine program which included capturing a retinal image and subsequently transmitting it to an ocular imaging center to assess the severity of DR. All studies compared telemedicine to a standard screening method for DR, including the option of no screening as standard of care. Although telemedicine requires initial and maintenance costs, it has the potential to provide significant cost savings by increasing patients’ working ability, increasing independent living ability, increasing quality of life and reducing travel costs.

Conclusions
Diabetic retinopathy telemedicine technology has the potential to provide significant cost savings, especially in low-income populations and rural patients with high transportation costs.
Small and mighty: adaptation of superphylum Patescibacteria to groundwater environment drives their genome simplicity
Authors: Tian Renmao , Ning Daliang , He Zhili , Zhang Ping , Spencer Sarah J. , Gao Shuhong , Shi Weiling , Wu Linwei , Zhang Ya , Yang Yunfeng , Adams Benjamin G. , Rocha Andrea M. , Detienne Brittny L. , Lowe Kenneth A. , Joyner Dominique C. , Klingeman Dawn M. , Arkin Adam P. , Fields Matthew W. , Hazen Terry C. , Stahl David A. , Alm Eric J. , Zhou Jizhong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
The newly defined superphylum Patescibacteria such as Parcubacteria (OD1) and Microgenomates (OP11) has been found to be prevalent in groundwater, sediment, lake, and other aquifer environments. Recently increasing attention has been paid to this diverse superphylum including > 20 candidate phyla (a large part of the candidate phylum radiation, CPR) because it refreshed our view of the tree of life. However, adaptive traits contributing to its prevalence are still not well known.

Results
Here, we investigated the genomic features and metabolic pathways of Patescibacteria in groundwater through genome-resolved metagenomics analysis of > 600 Gbp sequence data. We observed that, while the members of Patescibacteria have reduced genomes (~ 1 Mbp) exclusively, functions essential to growth and reproduction such as genetic information processing were retained. Surprisingly, they have sharply reduced redundant and nonessential functions, including specific metabolic activities and stress response systems. The Patescibacteria have ultra-small cells and simplified membrane structures, including flagellar assembly, transporters, and two-component systems. Despite the lack of CRISPR viral defense, the bacteria may evade predation through deletion of common membrane phage receptors and other alternative strategies, which may explain the low representation of prophage proteins in their genomes and lack of CRISPR. By establishing the linkages between bacterial features and the groundwater environmental conditions, our results provide important insights into the functions and evolution of this CPR group.

Conclusions
We found that Patescibacteria has streamlined many functions while acquiring advantages such as avoiding phage invasion, to adapt to the groundwater environment. The unique features of small genome size, ultra-small cell size, and lacking CRISPR of this large lineage are bringing new understandings on life of Bacteria. Our results provide important insights into the mechanisms for adaptation of the superphylum in the groundwater environments, and demonstrate a case where less is more, and small is mighty.
Extending reference architecture of big data systems towards machine learning in edge computing environments
Authors: Pääkkönen P. , Pakkala D. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundAugmented reality, computer vision and other (e.g. network functions, Internet-of-Things (IoT)) use cases can be realised in edge computing environments with machine learning (ML) techniques. For realisation of the use cases, it has to be understood how data is collected, stored, processed, analysed, and visualised in big data systems. In order to provide services with low latency for end users, often utilisation of ML techniques has to be optimized. Also, software/service developers have to understand, how to develop and deploy ML models in edge computing environments. Therefore, architecture design of big data systems to edge computing environments may be challenging.FindingsThe contribution of this paper is reference architecture (RA) design of a big data system utilising ML techniques in edge computing environments. An earlier version of the RA has been extended based on 16 realised implementation architectures, which have been developed to edge/distributed computing environments. Also, deployment of architectural elements in different environments is described. Finally, a system view is provided of the software engineering aspects of ML model development and deployment.ConclusionsThe presented RA may facilitate concrete architecture design of use cases in edge computing environments. The value of RAs is reduction of development and maintenance costs of systems, reduction of risks, and facilitation of communication between different stakeholders.
Group consultations for cancer care reviews in general practice
Authors: Hodgson Emma 
Published: April 2020

The use of group consultations is expanding in general practice. Emma Hodgson discusses how they have been used to deliver cancer care reviews More people than ever are living with and beyond cancer. After cancer treatment, individuals may have ongoing needs and concerns, including physical, mental, lifestyle and information needs. After a one-off review at diagnosis, many people with cancer have no further follow up in general practice. This article explores how group consultations can be used for cancer care reviews to improve the health of people living with cancer. Six patients were followed up in two group consultations over 6 months. The impact on patient's wellbeing was significant and feedback suggested patients felt the group consultation worked well for ongoing follow up and assessment.
ESTUDO DE EQUIVALÊNCIA FARMACÊUTICA ENTRE COMPRIMIDOS DE FUROSEMIDA SIMILARES E GENÉRICOS
Authors: Sousa Murilo Neth de , Silva Thalita Prates da , Teodoro Emilly Isabelli dos Santos , Lopes-Ortiz Mariana Aparecida , Mello João Carlos Palazzo de , Medeiros Araújo Daniela Cristina de 
Published: April 2020

A furosemida é um medicamento muito utilizado em terapia hipertensiva, insuficiência cardíaca congestiva, edema de origem cardíaca, renal e hepática. Por se tratar de um diurético de alça, em relação à sua atuação no segmento espesso da alça de Henle, é considerado muito potente para essas doenças. A equivalência farmacêutica tem como objetivo promover testes comparativos de qualidade entre o medicamento referência e o medicamento que será testado. Os medicamentos‑teste e o referência devem apresentar as mesmas concentrações, formas farmacêuticas, características físicas e físico‑químicas. Neste trabalho, foi utilizado o medicamento furosemida 40 mg, onde foram testadas duas marcas de genéricos (G1 e G2), e duas similares (S1 e S2) comparando‑as com o referência (R). Quanto à variação de peso, friabilidade, desintegração, dureza, dissolução, doseamento e número total de microorganismos mesófilos, os medicamentos foram considerados equivalentes farmacêuticos.
Estudio sedimentológico en la cuenca del Rio San Alberto del Espíritu Santo, municipio de San Alberto, departamento del Cesar (Colombia)
Authors: MANCO JARABA DINO CARMELO 
Published: April 2020

El Rio San Alberto del Espíritu Santo se localiza en el municipio de San Alberto, departamento del Cesar, con una extensión de 26.110 hectáreas, donde se realizaron estudios granulométricos, de humedad y estimación de volumen de sedimentos aportados por la cuenca mediante el modelo EROSUP-U. El objetivo de la investigación se basó en cuantificar el aporte sedimentológico del Rio San Alberto del Espíritu Santo y clasificar los tipos de suelo basado en AASTHO y USC. La metodología se fundamentó en la recolección de 84 muestras, cada 10 mts y 15 mts, siguiendo el proceder metodológico del Ministerio de Energía y Minas (Perú). La estimación volumétrica, aplicando la ecuación universal de perdida de suelo (EUPS), establece que el aporte sedimentológico del Rio es de 44.226,36 m3/año; el suelo se clasificó en cuatro (4) grupos (A-1-a, A-1-b, A-2-4, A-2-6, A-3 y A-4), el más representativo es el A-1-a con un 51,19% de las muestras analizadas.
En conclusión, el Rio San Alberto del Espíritu Santo cuenta con una amplia variabilidad granulométrica de sedimentos, siendo de mayor proporción gravas, arenas gruesas y arenas finas, con o sin material fino bien graduado.
Estado social y democrático de derecho, representación política y reelección inmediata en Colombia: sus efectos en el comportamiento electoral
Authors: Pab Juan Antonio , Torres Arg Alfredo 
Published: April 2020

En este trabajo investigativo reflexioné sobre la relevancia de la representación política en el Estado Social y Democrático de Derecho, el ejercicio voluntario del voto y el derecho fundamental que constituye, la participación política, democrática, de los diferentes partidos y movimientos políticos, las condiciones en las cuales esta se efectúa y la seguridad implícita que simboliza, si se da en términos de igualdad y respeto para todo el pueblo colombiano, fomentando la tolerancia por la diferencia, la libertad de elección y decisión, en la cual prevalezcan los intereses colectivos sobre los individuales; y se reduzca la posibilidad de la concentración del poder. Y finalmente, resalto laincidencia del comportamiento electoral de la ciudadanía en Colombia, como resultado de la implantación de la reelección presidencial inmediata.

AbstractIn this investigation writing think about the main politic representation in the social and democratic law state’s, the exercise voluntary vote’ and the fundamental right. Also, the politic and democratic participation different movements, the security and conditions, the equality and respect for all the Colombians citizens, developing tolerance for the difference, the choice and decision liberty’s where the desires people is above individual and reduce the authority. Finally, the incident o impact the electoral behavior citizen’s in Colombia over the apply reelection presidential.
Percepción del agua como derecho fundamental: los efectos producidos por la prestación del servicio de agua potable en los habitantes del municipio de santa lucía, atlántico
Authors: Reales Vega Rosario Joaquín , De Castro Marriaga Daniel , Arcón Daniela Viana 
Published: April 2020

En este documento se ha abordado la afectación de la calidad de vida y las condiciones mínimas de salubridad padecida por los habitantes del municipio de Santa Lucía, debido al irregular suministro de la prestación del servicio del agua, alcantarillado y su facturación; el desconocimiento o conocimiento frente a esta situación, la reacción de los habitantes ante esta problemática social y las acciones instauradas para mejorar la situación. Asimismo, se incluye en este escrito, la entrevista realizada a la presidenta de la Junta de Acción Comunal del barrio Abajo, uno de los más afectados por la cesación del agua y el deterioro de la estructura física del Municipio.
Sobre la memoria
Authors: Gonz F Ernesto 
Published: April 2020

Este artículo surge del planteamiento de varios interrogantes, entre los cuales se encuentra, si existe la responsabilidad moral de recordar, el papel de la memoria en los procesos sociales e individuales de verdad, justicia y reparación, y cómo se podría definir el término memoria. Cuestionamientos estimuladores durante décadas en las diferentes disciplinas del conocimiento, en torno a la memoria como instrumento político, pero reconociendo su diferencia con el recuerdo, factor fundamental en los procesos de reconciliación nacional y una exigencia moral que reclaman las víctimas a la sociedad. Asimismo, se dará respuesta a las preguntas formuladas y para ello, en un primer momento, se definirá qué es la memoria en el contexto que se ha esbozado, para posteriormente examinar los sentidos en que le atribuimos una responsabilidad moral.
Design Of Bedside Monitor Based On Microcontroller
Authors: Irianto Bambang Guruh , Wibowo Agus Susilo , Andayani Dwi Herry 
Published: April 2020

A Bedside monitor is the equipment used to monitor patient condition through some parameters that need sustainable monitoring so that the patient condition is always monitored. This research is monitored by 5 parameters namely heart signal, heart rate, temperature, respiration and SPO2. This research applies quasi experimental design. The free variable is an ECG phantom or human, and the dependent variable is a bedside monitor. The research instruments are a calibration equipment of ECG signal, temperature, and respiration. The result of the heart signal lead 2 is not different from the standard and the result of the heart rate lead has uncertainty (probability) 0 for Lead 2; which is still under the tolerance number (0.5). The results of the temperature measurement of 5 samples with 5 measurements show that there are 3 samples which have standard deviation and 0 (zero) uncertainty, whereas 2 samples have 0.76 (higher than 0.5) uncertainty. This condition is influenced by the patient movements, so the sensor attached on the patient-body does not fit with the standard installation. The respiration measurement results have an accuracy of 98%, while the SPO2 results have a standard deviation and uncertainty below 5% after being compared with the standard calculations. Here are the details: standard deviation 0.894427; 0.547723; 0.44; Probability 0.4; 0.244949; 0.2 and 0.2. Overall, it can be concluded that The Design of Bedside Monitor Based on Microcontroller is feasible and the measurement result of heart signal Lead 2, heart rate, temperature, respiration, SPO2 can be presented on a PC.
Integrated Approach in the Control and Management of Skin Neglected Tropical Diseases in Three Health Districts of Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Koffi Aboa Paul , Yao Théodore Ange Kouakou , BAROGUI Yves Thierry , Diez Gabriel , Djakeaux Simplice , Zahiri Marie Hélène , Sopoh Ghislain Emmanue l , Santos Silvia , Kingsley Asiedu , Johnson Roch Christian , Assé Henri 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) comprise 20 communicable diseases that are prevalent in rural poor and remote communities with less access to the health system. For effective and efficient control, the WHO recommends that affected countries implement integrated control interventions that take into account the different co-endemic NTDs in the same community. However, implementing these integrated interventions involving several diseases with different etiologies, requiring different control approaches and driven by different vertical programs, remains a challenge. We report here the results and lessons learned from a pilot test of this integrated approach based on integrated screening of skin diseases in three co-endemic health districts of Côte d'Ivoire, a West African country endemic for Buruli ulcer, leprosy and yaw.Method: This cross-sectional study took place from April 2016 to March 2017 in 3 districts of Côte d’Ivoire co-endemic for BU, leprosy and yaws. The study was carried out in 6 stages: identification of potentially co-endemic communities; stakeholder training; social mobilization; mobile medical consultations; case detection and management; and a review meeting.Results: We included in the study all patients with skin signs and symptoms at the screening stage who voluntarily accepted screening.In total, 2310 persons screened had skin lesions at the screening stage. Among them, 07 cases were diagnosed with Buruli ulcer. There were 30 leprosy cases and 15 yaws detected. Other types of ulcerations and skin conditions have been identified and represent the majority of cases detected. We learned from this pilot experience that integration can be successfully implemented in co-endemic communities in Côte d’Ivoire. Health workers are motivated and available to implement integrated interventions instead of interventions focused on a single disease. However, it is essential to provide capacity building, a minimum of drugs and consumables for the care of the patients identified, as well as follow-up of identified patients, including those with other skin conditions.Conclusions: The results of this study show that the integration of activities can be successfully implemented in co-endemic communities under the condition of staff capacity building and minimal care of identified patients.