bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pan-resistome insights into the multidrug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Rodrigues Diego Lucas Neres , Morais-Rodrigues Francielly , Hurtado Raquel , Santos Roselane Gonçalves dos , Costa Daniela Camargos , Barh Debmalya , Ghosh Preetam , Soares Siomar C , Ramos Rommel , Góes-Neto Aristóteles , Azevedo Vasco , Aburjaile Flavia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Acinetobacter baumannii is an important Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, which is responsible for many nosocomial infections. This etiologic agent has acquired, over the years, multiple mechanisms of resistance to a wide range of antimicrobials and the ability to survive in different environments. In this context, our study aims to elucidate the resistome from the A. baumannii strains based on phylogenetic, phylogenomic, and comparative genomics analyses. In silico analysis of the complete genomes of A. baumannii strains was carried out to identify genes involved in resistance mechanisms and the phylogenetic relationships and grouping of the strains based on the sequence type.
RESULTS
The strains belonging to the same sequence type (ST) were phylogenomically closer than from distinct STs, and the most prevalent ST was ST 2. The presence of genomic islands containing most of the resistance gene repertoire indicated high genomic plasticity, which probably enabled the acquisition of resistance genes and the formation of a robust resistome. A. baumannii displayed an open pan-genome and revealed a still constant genetic permutation among their strains, similarly to the genera Escherichia, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study is the first one to evaluate the resistome of the species A. baumannii using comparative multi-omics methods. Furthermore, the resistance genes suggest a specific profile within the species throughout its evolutionary history. Moreover, the current study performed the screening and characterization of the main genes present in the resistome, which can be used in applied research for the development of new therapeutic methods to control this important bacterial pathogen.
A Novel Device for Accurate Guide wire Placement in Cannulated Screw Fixation of Femoral Neck Fracture:A Pilot Study
Authors: ren bu-fang , Ma quan-ping , lv xin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Accurate placement of cannulated screws is the key to stable fixation of the femoral neck fracture. A novel device was developed to improve the accuracy of screw placement.Methods: 20 synthetic femoral bones were divided into conventional technique group and the experimental group. Three Kirschner wire were inserted into the femoral neck fracture by conventional technique or by the simple guide device. The operative time, total drilling times and fluoroscopic frequency were evaluated.Results: By using the guide device, the fluoroscopy and operation time of the experimental group were shorter that of the conventional method. The total drilling times with the simple guide device were significantly lower than the conventional technique group.Conclusions: This device can help trauma surgeons shorten the surgical time and reduce radiation exposure time. The use of this guide device can make screw fixation for femoral neck fracture easier.
Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analysis of tea plant autophagy-related genes (CsARGs) reveals diverse roles during development and abiotic stress
Authors: Qian Wenjun , Wang Huan , Ding ZhaoTang , Gou Mengjie , Hu Jianhui , Wang Yu , Wang Lu , Wang Yuchun , Di Taimei , Zhang Xinfu , Hao Xinyuan , Wang Xinchao , Yang Yajun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Autophagy, meaning ‘self-eating’, is required for degradation and recycling of cytoplasmic constituents under stressful or non-stressful conditions, thereby contributing to maintaining cellular homeostasis, delaying aged and longevity in eukaryotes. So far, the functions of autophagy have been intensively studied in yeast, mammals and model plants, but few studies have focused on economic crops, especially for tea plants, the roles of autophagy in coping with different environment stimuluses have not yet been detailed. Therefore, exploring the functions of autophagy related genes in tea plant would contribute to further understanding the mechanism of autophagy in response to stresses in woody plants.
Results
Here, we totally identified 35 CsARGs in tea plant. Each CsARG is highly conserved with its homologues stemmed from other plant species, except for CsATG14. Tissue-specific expression analysis revealed that the abundances of CsARGs were varied with different tissues, but CsATG8c/i showed a certain degree of tissue specificity, respectively. Under hormones and abiotic stress conditions, most of CsARGs were up-regulated at different treatment time points. In addition, the transcriptions of 10 CsARGs were higher in cold-resistance cultivar ‘Longjing43’ than the cold-susceptible cultivar ‘Damianbai’ during CA periods, however, CsATG101 showed a contrary tendency.
Conclusions
We comprehensively analyzed the bioinformatics and physiological roles of CsARGs in tea plant, and these results provide the basis for deepen exploring the molecular mechanism of autophagy involved in tea plant growth and development and stress responses. Meanwhile, some CsARGs would be served as putative molecular markers for cold-resistance breeding of tea plant in future.
Multiple anatomical brain networks for self-esteem related analysis among young adults
Authors: Peng Bo , Pang Gaofeng , Saxena Aditya , Liu Yan , Hu Baohua , Wang Suhong , Dai Yakang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Self-esteem is the individual evaluation of oneself. People with high self-esteem have mental health and can bravely cope with the threats from the environment. With the development of neuroimaging techniques, researches on the cognitive neural mechanisms of self-esteem are increased. Existing methods based on brain morphometry and single-layer brain network cannot characterize the subtle structural differences related to self-esteem. Method: To solve this issue, we proposed multiple anatomical brain network framework based on multi-resolution ROI template to study the cognitive neuroscience mechanism of self-esteem. Multiple anatomical brain network consist of high-resolution ROI features extracted from structural MRI and hierarchal brain network features. For each layer, we calculated the correlation relationship between pairs of ROIs. In order to solve the high-dimensional problem caused by the large amount of multiple network features, combined feature selection methods are adopted to reduce the number of features while retaining discriminative information to the maximum extent. Multi-kernel SVM is employed to combine the two types of features by appropriate weight coefficient. Result: Our experimental results show that the proposed method can improve classification accuracy to 97.26% compared with single-layer brain network. Conclusions: This article reveals the cognitive neural mechanism of self-esteem and provides foundation for positive and healthy self-esteem.
Adherence to Antipsychotic Drugs by Medication Possession Ratio for Schizophrenia and Similar Psychotic Disorders in the Republic of Korea: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cho Sung Joon , Kim Jungmee , Lee Jin Yong , Sohn Jee Hoon 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Pharmacotherapy is considered as an essential element in the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Discontinuation of antipsychotic drugs increases medical use and economic burden, such as worsening of symptoms, recurrence, and hospitalization. Therefore, maintenance of drug treatment is essential to reduce the social burden caused by schizophrenia and SSP, and hence, it is important to analyze not only the incidence rate of the disorders, but also investigate the rate at which pharmacotherapy is maintained. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the current status of drug compliance using national health insurance data. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study, which analyzed data from the nationwide insurance claims database. A total of 343,134 patients who were newly diagnosed with schizophrenia and schizophrenia similar psychosis (SSP) during 2011−2015. The adherence to antipsychotic drugs was assessed by medication possession ratio (MPR) and the risk factors of poor adherence were defined as MPR <40%.Results: The average of the MPRs among these patients was 45.8%, and the proportion of patients with less than 40% of MPR was 50.8%. It was found that female patients, the experience of “psychiatric hospital outpatient,” the experience of “psychiatric hospital admission,” the experience of “general hospital admission,” and patients receiving “medical aid” showed less risk of having statistically significant low MPR (< 40%).Conclusions: In this study, the drug adherence of schizophrenia and SSP patients currently under treatment, as estimated by MPR, was very low. However, it was also found that the MPR was high among patients receiving medical aid, with less medical expenses that they have to pay for themselves. Thus, it is possible to consider an institutional mechanism in which schizophrenia and SSP patients can be treated with less economic burden.
MiR-106B Represents an Innovative Bio-marker in Cholangiocarcinoma Detection
Authors: Wang Ning , Li Yanni , Zheng Yanfang , Chen Huoming , Wen Xiaolong , Li Zhaoxia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is one of the most aggressive malignancies. Late diagnosis may be responsible for the high mortality. MicroRNA-106b (MiR-106b) is accepted as an important regulator in various human malignancies. The current study was aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of miR-106b in CCA.
Methods

Serum levels of miR-106b in CCA patients and healthy control were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Chi-square test was used to analyze the association of miR-106b with the clinicopathological features. To evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-106b in CCA, the ROC curve was constructed.
Results

The expression of miR-106b was significantly increased in CCA samples compared with the healthy controls (P < 0.001). The overexpression of miR-106b was remarkable correlated with the lymphatic node metastasis (P = 0.038), clinical stage (P = 0.017) and differentiation (P = 0.009). ROC curve suggested that miR-106b was an effective diagnostic biomarker in CCA with the AUC of 0.913. The optimal cutoff value was 2.525, with the sensitivity of 89.7% and the specificity of 79.3%.
Conclusions

MiR-106b functions as an oncogene in CCA, which may be an potential diagnostic biomarker for CCA.
Measuring coverage of WHO recommended Essential Newborn Care practices in the squatter settlements of Islamabad Capital Territory in Pakistan.
Authors: Hassan Rameeza , Hamid Saima , Raza Tahira Ezra , Hanif Kauser , Blanchard James , Emmanuel Faran 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Pakistan has shown significant progress in reducing child mortality, however, significant challenges exist in reducing neonatal mortality rate. WHO recommends a package of “essential newborn care” practices based on effective coverage to improve newborn survival. This study assessed the level of effective coverage of newborn care in the squatter settlements of Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT) and also determined if the care received is within the parameters of essential newborn care as defined by WHO guidelines.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to gather community-based data on newborn care practices from 416 mothers who delivered a live baby in the past twelve months within a randomly selected squatter population of ICT. Three composite outcomes (safe cord care, optimal thermal care and good neonatal feeding) were generated by combining individual practices from a list of essential newborn care practices recommended by WHO. All International ethical standards were followed including informed consent and confidentiality of respondents. Ethical clearance was obtained from the ethical review board of Health Services Academy (HSA).Results: Despite a very high number of institutional deliveries, the study showed that only 2.9% of newborns received all components of WHO recommended essential newborn care. Only 17.1% of the newborns received essential elements of safe cord care, 40.4% received recommended optimal thermal care and 28.8% followed WHO guidelines of good neonatal feeding practice. This low uptake of essential practices was due to the application of various substances on the cord, delayed skin to skin contact and feeding of pre-lacteals to the newborn.Conclusion: The study highlighted that the current level of effective essential newborn care is extremely low in the country. We found multiple cultural and societal misconceptions, that translate into harmful practices for newborns. Interventions such as educating mothers through front line workers, updating health care staff on WHO recommended guidelines for newborn care and declaring widespread harmful traditional practices hazardous for the health of newborn, can help improve essential newborn care in Pakistan.
Differential impact of non-pharmaceutical public health interventions on COVID-19 epidemics in the United States
Authors: Liu Xiaoshuang , Xu Xiao , Li Guanqiao , Xu Xian , Sun Yuyao , Wang Fei , Shi Xuanling , Li Xiang , Xie Guotong , Zhang Linqi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The widespread pandemic of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses an unprecedented global health crisis. In the United States (US), different state governments have adopted various combinations of non-pharmaceutical public health interventions (NPIs) to mitigate the epidemic from February to April, 2020. Quantitative assessment on the effectiveness of NPIs is in great need to assist in guiding the individualized decision making for adjustment of interventions in the US and around the world. However, the impact of these approaches remain uncertain. Based on the reported cases, the effective reproduction number of COVID-19 epidemic for 50 states in the US was estimated. The measurement on the effectiveness of eight different NPIs was conducted by assessing risk ratios (RRs) between and NPIs through a generalized linear model (GLM). Different NPIs were found to have led to different levels of reduction in. Stay-at-home contributed approximately 51% (95% CI 46%-57%), gathering ban (more than 10 people) 19% (14%-24%), non-essential business closure 16% (10%-21%), declaration of emergency 13% (8%-17%), interstate travel restriction 11% (5%-16%), school closure 10% (7%-13%), initial business closure 10% (6%-14%), and gathering ban (more than 50 people) 6% (2%-11%). This retrospective assessment of NPIs on has shown that NPIs played critical roles on epidemic control in the US in the past several months. The quantitative results could guide individualized decision making for future adjustment of NPIs in the US and other countries for COVID-19 and other similar infectious diseases.
Construction of a m6A RNA Methylation Regulator-related Signature for Prognosis and Immune Response in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wu Xiao , Sheng Hongxu , Xia Pinghui , Wang Yiqing , Yu Li , Lv Wang , Hu Jian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundN6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation is related to cancer pathogenesis and development. However, few studies have investigated the role of m6A regulator genes in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC).MethodsGene expressions with clinicopathological data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We compared the expression of twenty m6A regulator genes between tumor and normal samples. Univariate and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression model were used to derive a multi-gene signature. A signature-based nomogram was developed, and the prediction performance was validated by an exterior validation set (GSE72094). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to construct a co-expression network and identify the hub genes. The association of m6A signature with immunity was examined.ResultsSeventeen differentially expressed genes were identified. A five-gene prognostic signature (IGF2BP1, IGF2BP2, HNRNPA2B1, METTL3, and HNRNPC) was determined, and demonstrated as an unfavorable prognostic factor. A signature-based nomogram was developed to predict each patient’s survival probability, and the nomogram was well calibrated and showed a satisfactory discrimination. Turquoise was identified as the most risk-related module, and genes in this module were enriched in the pathway of cell cycle. Six genes were determined as the hub genes. High-risk patients had significantly higher expression of PD-L1, higher tumor mutational burden (TMB), higher proportion of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) response, and lower proportion of T cells CD8.ConclusionsIn summary, the signature-based nomogram is useful for survival prediction, and high-risk patients were more sensitive to the ICB therapy.
Protein Biogenesis Demands of the Early Secretory Pathway in Komagataella Phaffii
Authors: Alva Troy R , Riera Melanie , Chartron Justin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Eukaryotes use distinct networks of biogenesis factors to synthesize, fold, monitor, traﬃc, and secrete proteins. During heterologous expression, saturation of any of these networks may bottleneck titer and yield. To understand the ﬂux through various routes into the early secretory pathway, we quantiﬁed the global and membrane-associated translatomes of Komagataella phaﬃi. Results: By coupling Ribo-seq with long-read mRNA sequencing, we generated a new annotation of protein-encoding genes. By using Ribo-seq with subcellular fractionation, we quantiﬁed demands on co- and posttranslational translocation pathways. During exponential growth in rich media, protein components of the cell-wall represent the greatest number of nascent chains entering the ER. Transcripts encoding the transmembrane protein PMA1 sequester more ribosomes at the ER membrane than any others. Comparison to Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals conservation in the resources allocated by gene ontology, but variation in the diversity of gene products entering the secretory pathway. Conclusion: A subset of host proteins, particularly cell-wall components, impose the greatest biosynthetic demands in the early secretory pathway. These proteins are potential targets in strain engineering aimed at alleviating bottlenecks during heterologous protein production.
Design and validation of a questionnaire to measure the acceptance of telemedicine by healthcare professionals in Germany
Authors: Verfürth Martina 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Telemedicine allows healthcare professionals to manage patient treatments remotely and to benefit from the interaction of telemedicine centers. Even though telemedicine responds to the current burdens in healthcare systems, these complex infrastructures depend on technology, financing, organization, policy, legislation, and, not least, on their corresponding acceptance by the user. Little is known in this context about the drivers for this acceptance by healthcare professionals giving treatment. Germany, with the highest healthcare spending in the world, is particularly lagging here.Methods: A literature review was conducted to identify the acceptance factors that had already been detected and frequently confirmed. These factors were evaluated according to the coverage of the interactive infrastructures with telemedicine centers and how accurately they fitted Germany. The identified factors were adapted, and missing factors were designed, via an idea collection for items. The reliability of the developed constructs was tested using a field test to check the constructs using item revision analysis.Results: Frequently supported external variables, taken from 17 filtered studies covering the technical, organizational, social, legal, and individual context, were identified. However, the review showed that there was less focus on the German setting and the interactive aspect, so the market-related variables were adapted and new constructs of “trust in the telemedicine center” and “relationship to patient” were added. Ten variables were proven to have a reliability, measured with Cronbach’s Alpha, of more than 0.7.Conclusion: This paper enhances the already existing technology acceptance studies in healthcare by covering German specifications and the interactive character of TSSs. A corresponding questionnaire has been developed ready for future research.
Genome-wide survey of sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2 in Rosaceae and expression analysis of PbrSnRK2 in response to ABA stress
Authors: Chen Guodong , Wang Jizhong , Qiao Xin , Jin Cong , Duan Weike , Sun Xiaochuan , Wu Juyou 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The members of the sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) family are specific serine/threonine protein kinases in plants, which play important roles in stress signal transduction and adaptation. Because of these positive regulatory roles in response to adversity, the genes encoding them are considered potential candidates for breeding of plants for disease resistance and genetic improvement. However, there is far less information about this kinase family and the function of these genes has not been explored in Rosaceae.
Results
A genome-wide survey and analysis of the genes encoding members of the SnRK2 family were performed in pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) and seven other Rosaceae species. A total of 71 SnRK2 genes were identified from the eight Rosaceae species and classified into three subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis and structural characteristics. Purifying selection played a crucial role in the evolution of SnRK2 genes, and whole-genome duplication and dispersed duplication were the main forces underlying the characteristics of the SnRK2 gene family in Rosaceae. Transcriptome data and qRT-PCR assays revealed that the distribution of PbrSnRK2s was very extensive including across the roots, leaves, pollen, styles, and flowers, although most of them were mainly expressed in leaves. In addition, under stress conditions, the transcript levels of some of the genes were upregulated in leaves in response to ABA treatments.
Conclusions
This study provides useful information and a theoretical introduction for the study of the evolution, expression, and functions of the SnRK2 gene family in plants.