bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implications of COVID-19 for resumption of sport in South Africa: A South African Sports Medicine Association (SASMA) position statement
Authors: Ramagole Dimakatso , Janse van Rensburg Dina Christa , Pillay Lervason , Viviers Pierre , Zondi Phathokuhle , Patricios Jon 
Published: June 2020

The significant impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) pandemic has extended to sport with the cessation of nearly all professional and non-professional events globally. Recreational parks and fitness centres have also closed. A challenge remains to get athletes back to participation in the safest way, balancing the protection of their health while curbing the societal transmission of the virus.

With this Position Statement, the South African Sports Medicine Association (SASMA) aims to guide return-to-sport as safely as possible, in an evidence-based manner, given that COVID-19 is a new illness and new information from experts in various fields continues to emerge. Clinical considerations are briefly described, focusing on a return-to-sport strategy, including education, preparation of the environment, risk stratification of sports and participants, and the practical implementation of these guidelines. The management of the potentially exposed or infected athlete is further highlighted.

It is important that persons charged with managing athletes’ return-to-sport in any environment must be up-to-date with local and international trends, transmission rates, regulations and sport-specific rule changes that might develop as sport resumes. Additionally, such information should be applied in a sports-specific manner, considering individual athlete’s and team needs and be consistent with national legislation.
Trans-Season Reliability of Physical Fitness Testing in Students of “Tourism” Speciality
Authors: Zanevskyy Ihor , Labartkava Kostiantyn 
Published: June 2020

The study purpose was to prepare a model of the trans-season reliability of physical fitness testing on the example of “Tourism” speciality students.
Material and Methods. A total of 50 university first year bachelor’s students studying “Tourism” as a business service were involved in the physical fitness testing: 20 males with body mass 67.3±9.5 kg (M±SD) and body length 174.6±5.6 cm; and 30 females (body mass 59.6±7.3 kg, body length 163.9±5.2 cm). Monthly testing was conducted seven times from September to March using a complex test KONTREKS–2. Trans-season mean score reliability was evaluated within the intraclass correlation model.
Results. Approximately 86% of the students were found to be on the average and higher levels and only nearly 5% − on the low level. Males showed significantly better state of the physical fitness than females (16.6%, p < 0.002) with 96.3% similarity of trends in scores between males and females during the trans-season study. A great variation within these samples was noticed, too; a corresponding part in the total variation was derived as 93.6%. A strong and high level significant correlation (r > 0.80, p < 0.001) was determined between all the seven monthly test-retest trans-season trials. Significant trans-season reliability on the excellent level was found for each of two gender samples (ICC > 0.95, p < 0.001). Deviations from mean values for seven monthly tests undertaken during the study period were not significant (chi-squared = 13.939, p = 0.834).
Conclusions. A model of the trans-season reliability of physical fitness testing created on the example of the first year bachelor’s students of “Tourism” speciality showed its effectiveness and could be recommended for physical education of high school students.
Impact of Updated Curriculum Content on 6th-7th Graders’ Motivation in Physical Education
Authors: Prystynskyi Volodymyr , Babych Vjacheslav , Zaytsev Volodymyr , Boychuk Yurij , Taymasov Yurij 
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of updated curriculum content on 6th-7th graders’ motivation in physical education.
Materials and Methods. The study participants were 457 6th-7th graders from different regions of Ukraine (n = 230 girls and n = 227 boys). To determine the impact of curriculum content on school students’ motivation in physical education, the study used methods of theoretical analysis, systematization, comparison, generalization, pedagogical observations, questionnaire, mathematical statistics.
Results. The study found that the content of 2012-2017 curricula has significant advantages in terms of developing school students’ motivation for regular exercise. The impact results in a statistically significant increase in indicators of the school students’ choice of learning motive (8.5% more; t = 2.24; p ≤ 0.05-0.01), evaluation motive (5.0% more; t = 2,01; p ≤ 0.05), play motive (6.3% more; t = 2.07; p ≤ 0.05). The study determined an increase in the high level of learning motivation from 14 to 33 cases and in the above average level – from 21 to 48, as well as a decrease in the average level – from 59 to 56, the reduced level – from 21 to 17, and the low one – from 12 to 11 cases.
Conclusions. It was found that the result of the impact on school students’ motivation in physical education is the inclusion of new components into curricula. It was defined that an increase in motivation is associated, first, with the inclusion of content lines “Environmental Safety and Sustainable Development”, “Civil Responsibility”, “Health and Safety”; secondly, sections “Theoretical and Methodological Knowledge” and “Expected Results of Educational and Cognitive Activity”; thirdly, a modular system of organizing the educational process; fourth, sections “Evaluation of Learning Achievements” and “Homework”. The result of the impact of updated curriculum content is the enhancement of school students’ motivation in physical education, first of all through educational (cognitive) and social motives.
Documenting Earthquakes in the United States of the Ionian Islands, 1815–1864
Authors: Albini Paola 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The seven islands of Corfu, Paxoi, Kephalonia, Ithaca, Lefkada, Zakynthos, and Cythera (Ionian Sea, offshore western Greece) were a British protectorate with the name of “United States of the Ionian Islands” between 1815 and 1864. Although many earthquake studies have already examined the past seismicity of this area, they contain only a few data for a handful of earthquakes, for an area known to be characterized by a high level of seismicity. Against this fragmentary seismological knowledge stands a 50 yr abundant production of local documentary sources of different types and in diverse languages. For this reason and because most of the available sources had not been yet nor systematically looked into in the search for testimonies of earthquake effects, an ad hoc and comprehensive investigation was carried out. The number of records on earthquake effects is huge as well as unexpected, and the quality of the collected records is high. The 147 new macroseismic European Macroseismic Scale 1998 intensity values, accurately assigned on the basis of independent contemporary records only, are presented in the form of timelines of earthquake effects for the main towns of the four islands of Corfu, Kephalonia, Lefkada, and Zakynthos. Besides partially amending the gaps of the knowledge of these 50 yr of seismicity in the Ionian Islands, the great amount of freshly collected data suggests that historical seismological research may effectively contribute to improving the seismic scenarios of past earthquakes in many areas of the world.
Una cronología de episodios científicos revela, cuando arrecia la pandemia por el SARS-COV-2, las ignoradas bondades de los virus. Reflexión de un maestro
Authors: Villanueva Torregroza Daniel 
Published: June 2020

Reflexionando alrededor de la pandemia actual, la COVID-19, y de su agente patógeno, el SARS-COV-2, el maestro colombiano que esto escribe, un apasionado por el método científico, se auto cuestionó sobre la bondad de los virus. Como respuesta surge este escrito de divulgación científica que exhibe evidencias de las bondades de los virus, en especial la que no tiene precio, la generación de conocimiento. Por estrategia pedagógica la reflexión se presenta como la cronología de algunos hitos científicos acaecidos durante el siglo anterior.
Duchowa misja uniwersytetu katolickiego według św. Jana Pawła II
Authors: Zarzycki Stanisław T. 
Published: June 2020

Uniwersytet jako „jedyny w swoim rodzaju ośrodek twórczej pracy i promieniowania wiedzy, służący dobru ludzkości”, choć wyrasta z tradycji ukształtowanej przez Kościół, we współczesnych społeczeństwach zglobalizowanych znajduje się w kryzysie, gdyż został w dużej mierze uzależniony od myślenia utylitarystycznego i od czynników merkantylistycznych i przekształcony w model służący interesom społecznej i ekonomicznej ewolucji tych społeczeństw. Artykuł jest próbą całościowego określenia misji uniwersytetu katolickiego na podstawie Konstytucji Ex Corde Ecclesiae Jana Pawła II oraz jego przemówień do świata uniwersyteckiego i środowisk kultury. Misja ta polega na: 1) poszukiwaniu „całej prawdy o naturze, o człowieku i o Bogu” odwołując się do wiary i rozumu i ich zdolności czerpania prawdy z dwóch źródeł: objawienia i rzeczywistości stworzonej; 2) tworzeniu wspólnoty opartej na prawdzie, jednej wizji godności człowieka, wartościach chrześcijańskich oraz wychowaniu do dojrzałości chrześcijańskiej i ludzkiej; 3) przygotowaniu studentów do urzeczywistnienia przypadającego im w Kościele i w świecie powołania obejmującego zarówno udział w ewangelizacji kultur jak i budowanie kultury i cywilizacji godnej człowieka.
Concepts of Spirituality at Universities of Today
Authors: Jastrzębski Andrzej 
Published: June 2020

Koncepcje duchowości na uniwersytetach dzisiaj
W naszych czasach koncepcja, pojęcie lub rozumienie duchowości weszło w niezwykle dynamiczną fazę. Proces ten można również zaobserwować w sposobie nauczania duchowości na różnych uniwersytetach. Ogólnie mówiąc, w podejściu do studiowania duchowości można wyodrębnić cztery czynniki lub wymiary: ontologiczne albo fenomenologiczne oraz fundamentalne albo pragmatyczne. Celem tego artykułu jest zilustrowanie rozróżnienia naszkicowanego podziału w oparciu o wybrane przykłady programów uniwersyteckich, analiza porównawcza rozumienia duchowości i jej konsekwencji dla programów akademickich.
Jeden z możliwych przyszłych kierunków rozwoju duchowości można przedstawić jako proces stopniowego poszerzania jej rozumienia. Duchowość katolicka stanie się bardziej ekumeniczna (chrześcijańska), a następnie międzyreligijna – obecnie jesteśmy świadkami znaczącego zainteresowania buddyzmem, w końcu nawet niereligijna, tj. obejmująca wszystkie możliwe duchowe doświadczenia człowieka.
Santidad laical y carácter teológico de la secularidad
Authors: Bosch Vicente 
Published: June 2020

Świętość świeckich i charakter teologiczny świeckości
Jakiej duchowości potrzebują dzisiaj świeccy? Istnieje dzisiaj wielka potrzeba zrozumienia teologicznego znaczenia „charakteru świeckiego” – specyficznego kolorytu ludzi świeckich. Laik jest chrześcijaninem powołanym do zjednoczenia z Bogiem, do świętości; ktoś, kto żyje w świecie i jego strukturach, a stamtąd jest wezwany do znalezienia Boga w zwykłym życiu – rodziny, pracy, relacji społecznych. Jeśli misja Kościoła polega – wraz ze zbawieniem dusz – na uświęceniu świata, nie można nadal ignorować teologicznego i apostolskiego charakteru codziennej pracy ludzi świeckich pośrodku świata. Jest ona bowiem uświęcona przez Boga oraz uświęcająca. Niezbędne jest zatem docenienie świeckości – uznania powołania i misji świeckich w Kościele. Nauczanie Kościoła przypomina również, że niezbędne jest podniesienie świadomości pasterzy, aby umieli ukazywać wiernym świeckim ich wezwanie do odnowienia świata w Chrystusie.
DO INNOVATION AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP HAVE DOMINANT ROLES IN ECONOMIC GROWTH? A NEW PERSPECTIVE OF DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Authors: Satrovic Elma , Muslija Adnan , Abul Sadeq J. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the potential causal link between innovation, entrepreneurship activity, and economic growth in the case of nine developed countries over the time-span ranging between 2001 and 2014. The research goal is to examine if the findings of this paper support the endogenous growth theory.
Methodology: This paper has initially explored the stationary properties of the variables. Moreover, the causal links between the variables of interest have been investigated by estimating the panel VAR model (trivariate) employing the GMM framework. This paper also examines the potential causal linkage amid the variables of interest by employing the Granger causality test.
Main Findings: Empirical results suggest that economic growth is found to Granger cause innovation and entrepreneurship activity. These findings emphasize the necessity to take both innovation and entrepreneurship while analyzing the determinants of economic growth since these are found to be interconnected and may play a critical role in the growth of the economy. These findings also support the endogenous growth.
Applications of this study: Outcome of this paper is expected to provide significant insights for decision-makers to make a necessary effort not only to increase the start-up rates in developed countries but also to reduce the informal sector that is likely to occur as a result of start-ups in developing countries jeopardizing developed countries’ competitiveness.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The first contribution of this study to the literature is the examination of cross-sectional dynamics of developed countries’ innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic growth. Secondly, these results indicate that entrepreneurial activity is a proximate cause and should be modelled as the channel through which innovation contributes to economic growth. Thirdly, the data used in this study are more comprehensive.
POOR COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT: A STUDY ON SOCIAL CAPITAL IN MAJALENGKA DISTRICT
Authors: Gunawan Wahyu , Zakaria Saifullah , Humaedi Sahadi , Fadhil Nurdin Muhamad 
Published: June 2020

Purpose of the study: This study on poor community empowerment focuses on poverty which is becoming the target group of developers in the Majalengka district. The main problem in poverty reduction is the large number of people living in poverty.
Methodology: This study uses social capital approaches and theories. Also, a qualitative descriptive method is used.
Main Findings: The results show that the program can be carried out with significant changes in community empowerment and proves useful based on the social capital approach. Moreover, the social capital study can enrich social capital applications by strengthening solidarity, relationship and networks. Although the network is still very premature, efforts to develop it are still being made by community groups. The community empowerment program developed by the government is for assistance in the agricultural sector.
Applications of this study: Social capital convergence in community empowerment can be a force to improve welfare and overcome poverty. This study on social capital proves can make an academic contribution to the empowerment of the poor.
Novelty/Originality of this study: To eradicate poverty, the Indonesian government has carried out a variety of methods including The Hope Family Program, hereinafter referred to as PKH and The Urban Poverty Reduction Program as P2KP along with other Central and Regional government programs. However, unfortunately, these programs have not been able to reach all regions, so there are still many areas needing such solutive treatments from the local government. Therefore, the empowerment of poverty requires institutional efforts and togetherness between parties with the poor (integrated approach) as an effort to empower the poor. This paper critically analyses the poverty reduction programs and highlights the problems associated with them.
PERSONALITY AND JOB OUTCOMES: MEDIATION OF ETHICAL IDEOLOGY
Authors: Kaewsaeng-on Rudsada , Iqbal Khan Tariq , Zahid Khan Abdul 
Published: June 2020

Purpose: This study aims to theorize new conceptual linkages between two popular paradigms of management research personality (Big Five Trait) and ethics (Ethical Ideology). Big Five personality traits and ethical ideology dimensions (idealism and relativism) relationship with job outcomes such as interpersonal conflict, workplace deviance, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) were proposed.
Methodology: This study adopted a longitudinal field survey design. Data analysis for descriptive, regression, and correlation techniques, was done using SPSS v 17 whereas conduct Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) of study variables was done using AMOS v 16.
Main Findings: Results revealed significant association of i) extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness with OCB, ii) Agreeableness and neuroticism with workplace deviance and iii) agreeableness, openness to experience, neuroticism with interpersonal conflict. Moreover, agreeableness was a significant predictor of idealism ethical ideology, neuroticism and openness to experience were significant predictors of relativism ethical ideology. Idealism significantly predicted interpersonal conflict and OCB and relativism significantly predicted workplace deviance and interpersonal conflict. Idealism ethical ideology mediated between extraversion and interpersonal conflict, agreeableness and interpersonal conflict as well as OCB. On the other hand, relativism ethical ideology mediated between openness to experience and interpersonal conflict. Similarly, relativism also mediated between neuroticism and two job outcomes (interpersonal conflict, workplace deviance).
Limitations/ Applications: Future research directions and implications for theory and practice are suggested.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study explained the conceptual mechanism that individual outcomes of the Big Five traits are determined through the ethical ideology of the respective personality trait; moreover, this study also added empirical evidence in existing OB literature from a unique cultural context i.e., Pakistan.
PEER PRESSURE AND THE USE OF DRUGS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Radetić-Paić Mirjana 
Published: June 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the correlation between certain peer pressure characteristics and drug consumption in adolescents. Peer relationships have a key role in the adolescent period. In a negative context, peer pressure can be done in various ways that benefit from the characteristics of growing adolescents, who are often insecure and need a sense of acceptance and belonging.
Methodology: This study adopted a survey method and data was collected from 234 students from the Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Croatia, on peer pressure questionnaires. For analysing the data SPSS was used.
Main Findings: The findings of this study verify the existence of a statistically significant correlation between certain peer pressure characteristics and drug consumption aiming at experiencing the feeling which the rest of the peer group already has.
Implications/ Applications: The value of the results, besides obtaining valuable new indicators based on scientific research methods, is that they offer guidelines for prevention and intervention in cases of various peer problems and problems with the abuse of addictive substances.
The novelty of the Study: Drug consumption has become one of the prevailing problems in adults in the current era. This study is enhancing the literature by investigating the role that peer pressure plays in drug consumption.
PAYA DAYALI KİTLE FONLAMASINDA KAMUYU AYDINLATMA
Authors: HACIÖMEROĞLU Abdülhamid Oğuzhan 
Published: June 2020

Kitle fonlaması, çok sayıda yatırımcıdan küçük miktarlarla para
toplamak için internetin kullanıldığı bir yöntemdir. Genellikle sermaye
temin ederken büyük zorluklarla karşılaşan küçük girişimciler, dünyada
internet erişimiyle yatırım yapacağı parası olan herkese kitle fonlaması
yöntemiyle ulaşabilirler. Kitle fonlaması platformları, bu amacı sağlamak
için bağışlama veya ödül gibi yöntemleri veya paya dayalı kitle fonlaması
modellerini kullanabilmektedir.
Sermaye piyasasının güvenilir, şeffaf, etkin, istikrarlı, adil ve rekabetçi
bir ortamda işleyişinin sağlanmasında, sermaye piyasası araçlarının
değerini, fiyatını veya yatırımcıların yatırım kararlarını etkileyebilecek
nitelikteki bilgi, olay ve durumların kamuya açıklanması önem arz eder.
Bu önemi sebebiyle kamuyu aydınlatma ilkesi, Türk sermaye piyasası
mevzuatında düzenlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, paya dayalı kitle fonlamasıyla
fon toplayan şirketlerin kamuyu aydınlatma yükümlülüğü, kapsam,
içerik ve sorumluluk yönlerinden incelenecektir.
TAŞINMAZ SİMSARLIĞI SÖZLEŞMESİNDE SİMSARIN VE İŞ SAHİBİNİN HUKUKİ DURUMU
Authors: MİRHANOĞULLARI Yusuf Erdem 
Published: June 2020

Vekalet sözleşmesi hükümlerinin kural olarak uygulanacağı simsarlık
sözleşmesi, her iki tarafın karşılıklı ve birbirine uygun iradeleri ile ivazlı
bir şekilde iş görme amacına yönelmiş olarak kurulan bir sözleşme tipidir.
Simsar ile iş sahibi arasında karşılıklı bir hak ve borç ilişkisi varsa da, bu
ilişki sürekli bir hukuki bağlantı şeklinde değildir. Yasa gereğince, yazılı
şekilde yapılması zorunluluğu bulunan taşınmaz simsarlığı sözleşmesinde,
simsarın esas borcu, iş sahibi ile üçüncü şahıs arasında arasında aracılık
ederek, sözleşmenin yapılmasına aracılık etmektir. Şüphesiz ki simsar,
bu borcunu, iş sahibinin talimalatları doğrultusunda sadakat ve özenle
yerine getirmeli ve ona hesap vermelidir. İş sahibinin ise esas borcu ve
aynı zamanda simsarın önemli hakkı ise, ücret alacağıdır. Ancak, simsarın
ücrete hak kazanabilmesi için, amaçlanan sözleşmenin kurulması şarttır.
CEZA MUHAKEMESİNDE MAĞDUR VE ŞİKÂYETÇİNİN HAKLARI
Authors: SEÇKİN Mehmet Beyhan 
Published: June 2020

Suçun pasif süjesi olarak kabul edilen mağdur, suça konu eylemin
konusunun ait olduğu, suçtan zarar gören şahıs olarak tanımlanmaktadır.
Mağduru veya zarar göreni olduğu suçun soruşturulması için yazılı veya
sözlü başvuruda bulunan kişi ise şikâyetçi olarak adlandırılmaktadır.
Temel insan haklarının hüküm sürdüğü hukuk devletleri, kabul ettikleri
usul kanunları ile suç şüphesi altındaki kişilerin haklarını koruduklarına
göre madalyonun diğer yüzünde bulunan, bu suçun mağdurlarının da
korunması gerekmektedir. Mağdura olan ilgi zamanla “viktimoloji” adlı
yeni bir alanın doğmasına neden olmuştur. Bağımsız olarak gelişme
gösteren bu bilim dalında, sanık haklarına karşın mağdur haklarının
gündeme getirilmesine ilişkin çalışmalar yapılmaktadır.
Türk Ceza Adalet Sisteminde, 1992 yılında yapılan reform ile failin
hakları Avrupa ülkeleri ile uyumlu hale getirilmiş, gerek soruşturma
gerekse kovuşturma evresinde sahip olduğu hakları artırılmıştır. Buna
karşılık zaman içerisinde mağdurun bu haklardan yoksun bırakıldığı
görülmüş, mağdurlar için adaletsiz bir zemin üzerinde yargılama
yapıldığı fark edilmiştir. 2005 yılında yürürlüğe giren 5271 sayılı Ceza
Muhakemesi Kanunu ile mağdur lehine yasal düzenlemeler artırılarak
uygulanmaya başlanmış, suç faili ile suç mağduru arasındaki adaletsizlik
giderilmeye çalışılmıştır. Mağdurlar lehine yapılan düzenlemeler, ceza
muhakemesinde şüpheli veya sanığın karşısında mağdura ayrıcalıklar
tanınmasından ziyade, şüpheli veya sanığa verilen hakların benzerlerinin
Anayasanın 36. maddesinde düzenlenen adil yargılanma hakkına uygun
olacak şekilde mağdurlara da tanınmasını sağlamıştır.