bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Practice of Public Health Emergency Operations Center (EOC) The Operations of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)’s EOC
Authors: Ding Fan , Li Qun , Jin Lianmei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objectives To Share the construction status and operation management experience of the EOC of China CDC. It is also to promote the construction of global emergency operation management system.Methods We searched the websites of WHO, USCDC and EU CDC for the EOC-related concepts. And through expert interviews and personal communication with experts, we collected relevant opinions and identify additional published literature, then described the current situation of construction of China CDC’s EOC. Results For EOC, different organizations / agencies have different definitions. In China, the EOC is a place where CDC organizes and conducts the related emergency response work. And it is also an important part of public health emergency system construction. The China CDC’s EOC had developed a series of incident action plan (IAP) and the standardized forms for each incident. The event-specific data, context-specific data and event management data are usually obtained by different system and channel. The China CDC’s EOC would improve the staff’s abilities through an ongoing series of training and exercises. Comparing with before, the efficiency of incident response has been greatly increased after the establishment of EOC.Conclusions The China CDC’s EOC is still growing and groping phase. It is necessary to continue theoretical learning and practice to continuously improve the capacity of the construction and operations of the EOC system. We need continued close collaboration and partnership with international organizations to enable more to be accomplished through leveraging individual institutional strengths. The standardize approach to respond to public health emergencies meet global standards needs.
Production of Biodiesel from Mixed Castor Seed and Microalgal Oils: Characterization and Optimization Studies
Authors: Lemma Dejene Beyene , Abagisa Mohammedsani Abdulkadir , Kebede Adisu Befekadu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In order to lower the high prices of individual feedstock, extend the life of a more limited feedstock and to improve the fuel properties of biodiesel it imperative to optimize process parameters for biodiesel derived from mixed feedstocks. Samples of castor seeds were collected from Jimma zone, southwest Ethiopia while sample of wet microalgal biomass was obtained from wastewater stabilization ponds using a 60µm filter screen. The castor seeds and algal biomass were sun-dried before further dried at 800C in an oven and ground to pastes. Oils were extracted from dried and milled castor seeds and micro-algae pastes with a Soxhlet apparatus using methanol. The extracted oil was purified and characterized before converted to biodiesel. A transesterification process designed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) experimental design was used to optimize the biodiesel production process parameters from mixed oil using alkaline catalyst. The Design Expert® 12 software was used to analysis experimental results. The effects of catalyst concentration, ethanol to mixed oil molar ratio and reaction temperature on the biodiesel yield were investigated using the experimental results. Accordingly, the optimum conditions for biodiesel production from mixed oil were a catalyst concentration of 1.23 % w.t of the oil, alcohol to mixed oil molar ratio of 5.94:1 (v/v) and reaction temperature of 51.300C. The yield of biodiesel under these conditions was 93.88%. Experiment was conducted under the specified optimum conditions to validate the result predicted by the software. The yield of biodiesel from the experiment was 93.36% which is very close to the value predicted by the software. The fatty acid composition of the biodiesel from mixed oil was analyzed using Gas chromatograph. The various fuel properties of biodiesel were determined using standard methods and results were compared with ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. The physicochemical properties fulfill both standards.
The TGFβ/Notch axis facilitates Müller cell-to-epithelial transition to ultimately form a chronic glial scar
Authors: Conedera Federica Maria , Pousa Ana Maria Quintela , Mercader Nadia , Tschopp Markus , Enzmann Volker 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Contrasting with zebrafish, retinal regeneration from Müller cells (MCs) is largely limited in mammals. There, MCs undergo reactive gliosis that consist of a hypertrophic response and ultimately results in vision loss. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is essential for wound healing, including both scar formation and regeneration. However, targeting TGFβ may affect other physiological mechanisms, owing its pleiotropic nature. The regulation of various cellular activities by TGFβ relies on its interaction with other pathways including Notch. Here, we explore the interplay of TGFβ with Notch and how this regulates MC response to injury in zebrafish and mice. Furthermore, we aimed to characterize potential similarities between murine and human MCs during chronic reactive gliosis.
Methods

Focal damage to photoreceptors was induced with a 532 nm diode laser in TgBAC (gfap:gfap-GFP) zebrafish (ZF) and B6-Tg (Rlbp1-GFP) mice. Transcriptomics, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry were employed for a comparative analysis of MC response to laser-induced injury between ZF and mouse. The laser-induced injury was paired with pharmacological treatments to inhibit either Notch (DAPT) or TGFβ (Pirfenidone) or TGFβ/Notch interplay (SIS3). To determine if the murine laser-induced injury model translates to the human system, we compared the related MC response to human donors with early retinal degeneration.
Results

Investigations into injury-induced changes in murine MCs revealed TGFβ/Notch interplay during reactive gliosis. We found that TGFβ1/2 and Notch1/2 interact via Smad3 to reprogram murine MCs towards an epithelial lineage and ultimately to form a glial scar. Similar to what we observed in mice, we confirmed the epithelial phenotype of human Müller cells during gliotic response.
Conclusion

This study indicates a pivotal role for TGFβ/Notch interplay in tuning MC stemness during injury response and provides novel insights into the remodeling mechanism during retinal degenerative diseases.
A Study of Genetic Variants in Genes of Glutamate Signaling and Risk of Childhood Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Liu Jun , Yu Hong , Hu Pingfang , Yang Aiping , Zhang Zengyu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Dysfunction of glutamate signaling has been implicated in the etiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This case-control study was to examine the association between childhood ASD and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of the glutamate signaling pathway in a Chinese Han population.Methods: A total of 12 SNPs in the SLC1A1, SLC25A12, GRM7 and GRM8 genes were examined. The Children Autism Rating Scale (CARS) was applied to evaluate the severity of the disease. The relationship between SNPs and the risk of ASD or the severity of the disease was determined by logistic regression.Results: The T allele of rs2292813 in the SLC25A12 gene was significantly associated with an increased risk of ASD (odds ratio (OD) =1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1-2.6, P=0.0107). Other examined SNPs were not associated with the risk of ASD. None of the SNPs examined were associated with the severity of ASD.Conclusions: Our findings support the involvement of SNPs in the SLC25A12 gene, but not SNPs in the SLC1A1, GRM7 and DRM8 genes, in the development of childhood ASD in the Chinese Han population.
A Protocol to Develop Practical Guidelines for Management of Primary Dysmenorrhea with Moxibustion
Authors: Huang Shouqiang , Xiong Jun , Fu Yong , Hua Fanghui , Xiang Jie , Fan Hao , Jiang Yunfeng , Zhou Xiaohong , Liao Kai , Xu Lingling , Zhang Haifeng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common gynecological disease characterized by lower abdominal pain. Moxibustion as a traditional Chinese treatment, can effectively treat PD with few adverse reactions. Nowadays, there is still no standard guideline for moxibustion treatment of PD, so related clinical practice guidelines (CPG) need to be developed.Methods: This guideline will be developed in line with the latest guideline definition from Institute of Medicine(IOM), and that applies the GRADE system as well as the World Health Organization handbook to appraise the quality of evidence and develop recommendations. We will set up a Guideline working group, put forward the corresponding problems based on the principle of Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes(PICO), and complete the literature retrieval. After achieving consensus through evidence syntheses and 2-3 rounds of Delphi process, we will also consider patients values and preferences and implement peer review in the guideline.Result: We will put forward evidence-based best practice recommendations and moxibustion standard to improve the symptoms caused by primary dysmenorrhea in a more efficient way. At present, the research is still in progress, and there is no result to report.Conclusions: This guideline will be helpful to clinical acupuncturists and other professionals to further improve clinical efficacy in treating PD with moxibustion. Moreover, we will also constantly update and evaluate the evidence to both support recommendations and identify gap areas for future research.Systematic Review registrations: registration number: IPGRP-2020CN021
Blockade of IDO-kynurenine-AhR pathway promotes cell apoptosis in carboxyamidotriazole-induced tumor cell dormancy-apoptosis oscillation
Authors: Shi Jing , Wang Qingzhu , Yang Lixing , Liu Qin , Ju Rui , Guo Lei , Ye Caiying , Zhang Dechang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Some cancer cells may reshape their genetic make-up, adopt a special metabolism mode and undergo dormancy to endure drug attacks. Blocking survival signals in dormant cancer cells that survive a certain anticancer therapy and eradicating them while dormant may help prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis.Methods: Two colorectal cancer cell lines C26 and HCT116 were treated with carboxyamidotriazole. Sulforhodamine B assay and Ki67 staining were conducted to detect the cells proliferation response. Cell cycle distribution was measured with BrdU staining. Then treated with CAI, DMF, 1-MT or a combination and analyzed the apoptosis. The in vivo anti-tumor effects of each monotherapy or combination therapy were assessed according to their capability to slow tumor growth and extend the life span of tumor-bearing mice. Results: The colorectal cancer cells slow growth to escape the pressure of the anti-tumor drug CAI. Blocking the IDO-kynurenine-AhR pathway could promote CRC cells apoptosis in CAI-induced tumor cell dormancy-apoptosis oscillation, facilitating their eradication.Conclusion: The combination of 1-MT or DMF with CAI may prompt dormant cancer cell to enter an apoptotic state, which is triggered by STAT1 nuclear translocation but obscured by the dormancy-permissive metabolic fitness signals when the tumor cells are exposed to CAI alone.
Immunological Anti-Tumor Activity of Icariside I by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Its Derived Metabolites in a Melanoma Mouse Model
Authors: Chen Gui , Cao Zheng , Shi Zunji , Lei Hehua , Chen Chuan , Yuan Peihong , Wu Fang , Liu Caixiang , Dong Manyuan , Song Yuchen , Zhou Jinlin , Lu Yujing , Zhang Limin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Emerging evidence has shown that gut microbiome plays important roles in antitumor immunotherapy by shaping systemic immune responses. Specifically, Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. were previously reported to enhance host immunity and inhibit tumor growth. Furthermore, microbiota-derived metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and indole derivatives are gradually regarded as immunomodulatory molecules involved in metabolic signaling pathways.
Methods

A B16F10 melanoma model was selected as a tumor-bearing animal for the investigation of immunological anti-tumor activity of Icariside I. Gut microbiota structure and composition in cecal content of mice was firstly analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequence with the goal of screening those bacteria highly associated with tumor immunotherapy. Subsequently, targeted metabolomics approach was employed to quantitatively determine microbiota-derived metabolites such as SCFAs and indole derivatives. The population of multiple lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood were measured with flowcytometry to evaluate changes of host immunity.
Results

Icariside I significantly inhibited B16F10 melanoma growth in vivo through regulation of gut microbiota and host immune. Oral administration of icariside I improved the altered gut microbiota community with marked restoration of Lactobacillus spp. and Bifidobacterium spp. abundance. Icariside I was also able to improve the levels of microbiota-derived metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and indole derivatives, consequently repairing intestinal barrier and systemic inflammation of tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, icariside I up-regulated multiple lymphocyte subsets including CD4 + and CD8 + T cells or NK and NKT cells in peripheral blood.
Conclusions

These results suggested that icariside I may be developed as a novel and natural anticancer adjuvant via microbiome remodeling and host immune regulation.
“An Emotional Roller-Coaster:" Stressors Faced by Peer Workers in Overdose Response Settings
Authors: Mamdani Zahra , McKenzie Sophie , Pauly Bernadette , Cameron Fred , Conway-Brown Jennifer , Edwards Denice , Howell Amy , Scott Tracy , Seguin Ryan , Woodrow Peter , Buxton Jane 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Experiential workers or ‘peers’ (workers with past or present drug use experience) are at the forefront of overdose response initiatives and their role is essential in creating safe spaces for people who use drugs (PWUD). Working in overdose response settings has benefits for experiential workers but is also stressful, with lasting emotional and mental health effects. Yet, little is known about the stressors experiential workers face and what interventions can be implemented to support them in their roles.
Methods
This project used a community-based mixed methods research design. Eight experiential worker-led focus groups (n = 31) were conducted between November 2018 and March 2019 to assess needs of experiential workers. The transcripts were thematically coded and analyzed using interpretative description. These results informed a survey which was conducted (n = 50) in September 2019 to acquire quantitative data on experiential workers’ perception of health, quality of life, working conditions and stressors. Frequency distributions were used to describe characteristics of participants. X2 distribution values with Yates correction were conducted to check for association between variables.
Results
Five themes emerged from the focus groups that point to stressors felt by experiential workers: (1) Financial insecurity; (2) lack of respect and recognition at work; (3) poor living conditions; (4) inability to access and/or refer individuals to resources; and (5) constant exposure to death and trauma. Consistent with this, the top four factors that survey participants picked as one of the “top three stressors” included financial situation, work situation, housing, and caring for others.
Conclusion
Experiential workers are faced with a diversity of stressors in their lives which often reflect societal stigmatization of drug use. Recognition of these stressors is critical in designing interventions to ease the emotional, physical and financial burden faced by experiential workers.
Do experimental pain individuals have special attention on pain words? The critical role of P2
Authors: Wang Kangling , Chen Yifei , Huang Shimin , Liu Howe , Wu Wen 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAttention bias is believed to be one of the important reasons for the generation, persistence and development of chronic pain. Though chronic pain patients are generally found to have attention bias towards pain words or pain faces, there is no consistent conclusion about experimental pain subjects. MethodsThis study was conducted to test whether experimental pain subjects have attention bias towards pain words and at which stage pain bias takes place. Twenty healthy adults (female=11) aged between 18 to 27 were recruited and sprayed 10% capsaicin paste to mimic a sense of acute pain. We accessed behavioral results and event-related data with repeated measure ANOVAs with IBM SPSS 20 in cognitive tasks that had pain words and other word categories as interfering factors.ResultsResponse time was longer under high cognitive load compared with low cognitive load(P<0.001). The accuracy rate for low cognitive load was higher compared with high cognitive load(P<0.001). P2 amplitude in pain words has the largest positive wave than other words(P<0.005), while N3 amplitude in neutral words has the largest negative wave than other words(P<0.005). P2 appears in the whole brain but has the largest power on posterior brain regions, while N3 has the largest negative power on anterior brain regions.ConclusionOur study provided evidence for attention bias toward pain words in experimental pain subjects and suggested an early bias with P2 as a stable differentiator. Further researches into neuroscience should be conducted to ascertain activated and responsible brain regions and networks.
Experimental study applied to the lime hydration process, in a thermoelectric coal power plant unit
Authors: Dantas Rodrigo Saraiva , Liendo Maria Alejandra , Ferreira Vera Lucia Duarte , Bortoluzzi Rodrigo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Coal Power Plants need to control SO 2 emissions to the atmosphere from the boiler flue gases, in order to reach standards according to guidelines determined by the Conselho Nacional de Meio Ambiente - CONAMA. For this purpose hydrated lime is used, which is, in fact, produced from lime at the power plant. Hydrated lime is injected into the equipment called desulphuriser that operates capturing the sulfur dioxide from the boiler flue gas. Due to the importance of this process, the present work aimed to evaluate several points that involve: the production of hydrated lime from lime, the analysis of the quality of lime received, the study of the hydration process. Moreover it was evaluated the impact of the temperature of reaction through to the hydration efficiency according to the methodology and routine proposed. In addition, complementary analysis were carried out on the characterization of lime and hydrated lime and the correlation between the main process parameters measured and recorded in lime hydration control system. In relation to the results of hydration efficiency, it was possible to observe its increase when the maximum temperature of the reaction stage was lower, reaching results up to 85%.
Identification and Profiling of microRNAs and Their Target Genes in Tibetan Hulless Barley in Response to Barley Leaf Stripe (BLS) Infection
Authors: Yao Xiaohua , Wang Yue , Yao Youhua , Bai Yixiong , Wu Kunlun , Qiao Youming 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Tibetan hulless barley is widely grown on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where it has served as a staple food for Tibetan people since the 5th century CE. Barley leaf stripe (BLS) is one of the most severe fungal diseases affecting the yield and quality of Tibetan hulless barley.
Results

Here, we compared the miRNA profiles before and after BLS in two Tibetan hulless barley genotypes: Z1141, a BLS-sensitive wild variety, and Kunlun14, a BLS-tolerant hybrid variety. A total of 36 conserved and 56 novel miRNAs were identified. Of these, 10 conserved and 10 novel miRNAs exhibited significantly changed expression between the normal and infected leaves of Kunlun14, respectively, while 3 conserved and 5 novel miRNAs exhibited significantly changed expression between the normal and infected leaves of Z1141, respectively. A total of 24 miRNAs were found in Z1141 and Kunlun14, and a further 546 putative target genes were predicted. Transcriptome sequencing analysis showed that among the 546 candidate genes, 131 had significant differences in expression between the normal and infected leaves of Kunlun14 and Z1141. Gene ontology, pathway, and Blast analyses indicated 10 candidate target genes that were involved in the barley disease resistance. These 10 candidate target genes may be regulated by 7 miRNAs. According to quantitative real-time PCR results, the 10 targets were negatively correlated with their corresponding miRNAs after infection with BLS.
Conclusions

The miRNAs and their target genes expressed in Tibetan hulless barley were identified and found to be associated with BLS resistance. Thus, these miRNAs and their target genes may be exploited via breeding programs or genetic engineering to improve BLS resistance in Tibetan hulless barley.
Plasma Fibrinogen Acts as a Predictive Factor for Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Study of 1035 Chinese Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Wang Yihua , Wang Yu , Chen Rui , Tang Zhenrong , Peng Yang , Liu Shengchun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between pre-treatment plasma fibrinogen (Fib) level and pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients and to assess the role of plasma Fib as a predictive factor.Methods: Data from 1035 consecutive patients with invasive breast cancer who received NAC and subsequent surgery were retrospectively analysed. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify clinicopathological factors associated with pCR to NAC.Results: The median value of Fib, rather than other plasma coagulation parameters, was significantly increased in non-pCR patients compared with pCR patients (P = 0.008). Based on the cut-off value estimated by the ROC curve analysis, samples were divided into low or high Fib groups (Fib < 3.145 g/L or ≥ 3.145 g/L). Low Fib status was significantly associated with premenopausal or perimenopausal status (P < 0.001), ≤ 5cm tumour size (P = 0.001), positive hormone receptor status (P = 0.003) and > 14% Ki67 index (P = 0.028). Adjusted for other clinicopathologic factors in the multivariate logistic regression model, low Fib status was strongly associated with pCR to NAC (OR = 2.365, 95% CI = 1.354-4.133, P = 0.002).Conclusions: This study demonstrates that low pre-treatment plasma Fib (Fib < 3.145 g/L) is an independent predictive factor for pCR to NAC in breast cancer patients.