bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatio-temporal prediction of missing temperature with stochastic Poisson equations
Authors: Cheng Dan , Liu Zishun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper presents our winning entry for the EVA 2019 data competition, the aim of which is to predict Red Sea surface temperature extremes over space and time. To achieve this, we used a stochastic partial differential equation (Poisson equation) based method, improved through a regularization to penalize large magnitudes of solutions. This approach is shown to be successful according to the competition’s evaluation criterion, i.e. a threshold-weighted continuous ranked probability score. Our stochastic Poisson equation and its boundary conditions resolve the data’s non-stationarity naturally and effectively. Meanwhile, our numerical method is computationally efficient at dealing with the data’s high dimensionality, without any parameter estimation. It demonstrates the usefulness of stochastic differential equations on spatio-temporal predictions, including the extremes of the process.
Modulation of calcium signaling depends on the oligosaccharide of GM1 in Neuro2a mouse neuroblastoma cells
Authors: Lunghi Giulia , Fazzari Maria , Di Biase Erika , Mauri Laura , Sonnino Sandro , Chiricozzi Elena 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecently, we demonstrated that the oligosaccharide portion of ganglioside GM1 is responsible, via direct interaction and activation of the TrkA pathway, for the ability of GM1 to promote neuritogenesis and to confer neuroprotection in Neuro2a mouse neuroblastoma cells. Recalling the knowledge that ganglioside GM1 modulates calcium channels activity, thus regulating the cytosolic calcium concentration necessary for neuronal functions, we investigated if the GM1-oligosaccharide would be able to overlap the GM1 properties in the regulation of calcium signaling, excluding a specific role played by the ceramide moiety inserted into the external layer of plasma membrane. We observed, by calcium imaging, that GM1-oligosaccharide administration to undifferentiated Neuro2a cells resulted in an increased calcium influx, which turned out to be mediated by the activation of TrkA receptor. The biochemical analysis demonstrated that PLCγ and PKC activation follows the TrkA stimulation by GM1-oligosaccharide, leading to the opening of calcium channels both on the plasma membrane and on intracellular storages, as confirmed by calcium imaging experiments performed with IP3 receptor inhibitor. Subsequently, we found that neurite elongation in Neuro2a cells was blocked by subtoxic administration of extracellular and intracellular calcium chelators, suggesting that the increase of intracellular calcium is responsible of GM1-oligosaccharide mediated differentiation. These results suggest that GM1-oligosaccharide is responsible for the regulation of calcium signaling and homeostasis at the base of the neuronal functions mediated by plasma membrane GM1.
Estimating salinity stress via hsp70 expression in the invasive round goby (Neogobius melanostomus): implications for further range expansion
Authors: Puntila-Dodd R. , Bekkevold D. , Behrens J. W. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSpecies invasions often occur on coasts and estuaries where abiotic conditions vary, e.g. salinity, temperature, runoff etc. Successful establishment and dispersal of non-indigenous species in many such systems are poorly understood, partially since the species tend to show genetic and ecological plasticity at population level towards many abiotic conditions, including salinity tolerance. Plasticity may be driven by shifting expression of heat shock proteins such as Hsp70, which is widely recognized as indicator of physical stress. In this study, we developed a qPCR assay for expression of the hsp70 gene in the invasive round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) and tested the expression response of fish collected from a brackish environment in the western Baltic Sea to three different salinities, 0, 10 and 30. hsp70 expression was highest in fresh water, indicating higher stress, and lower at brackish (ambient condition for the sampled population) and oceanic salinities, suggestive of low stress response to salinities above the population’s current distribution. The highest stress in fresh water was surprising since populations in fresh water exist, e.g. large European rivers and Laurentian Great Lakes. The results have implications to predictions for the species’ plasticity potential and possible range expansion of the species into other salinity regimes.
Finite Difference Methods for the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman Equations Arising in Regime Switching Utility Maximization
Authors: Ma Jingtang , Ma Jianjun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFor solving the regime switching utility maximization, Fu et al. (Eur J Oper Res 233:184–192, 2014) derive a framework that reduce the coupled Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equations into a sequence of decoupled HJB equations through introducing a functional operator. The aim of this paper is to develop the iterative finite difference methods (FDMs) with iteration policy to the sequence of decoupled HJB equations derived by Fu et al. (2014). The convergence of the approach is proved and in the proof a number of difficulties are overcome, which are caused by the errors from the iterative FDMs and the policy iterations. Numerical comparisons are made to show that it takes less time to solve the sequence of decoupled HJB equations than the coupled ones.
Putting the Goal Back into Grit: Academic Goal Commitment, Grit, and Academic Achievement
Authors: Tang Xin , Wang Ming-Te , Parada Filomena , Salmela-Aro Katariina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGrit has recently been challenged for its weak predictive power and the incompleteness of its measurement. This study addressed these issues by taking a developmental, person-oriented approach to study academic-related goal commitment and grit and their effects on academic achievement. Using longitudinal data among Finnish eighth and ninth graders (n = 549, 59.4% female, age = 14–16), the longitudinal changes in grit and academic goal commitment profiles were investigated through latent profile and latent transition analyses. Four profiles were identified across two grades: High committed-persistent and moderate consistency (~17%), Moderate (~60%), Low committed-persistent and moderate-low consistency (~8%) and Extremely low committed-persistent and moderate-low consistency (~12%). The students in the High committed-persistent and moderate consistency profile had the highest academic achievement of all the profiles when controlled for gender, socioeconomic status, conscientiousness, and academic persistence. The results revealed that students’ profiles changed between the eighth and ninth grades, with more than one-third of the High committed-persistent and moderate consistency adolescents dropping from this group. Further analysis showed that the profiles varied by educational aspiration, gender, and socioeconomic status. These findings imply that the combination of grit and academic goal commitment influences academic achievement; however, this combination is less common, unstable, and affected by internal and external factors. The study provided important implications on the weak grit effect and the ways to improve it.
Modulated crystals and almost periodic measures
Authors: Lee Jeong-Yup , Lenz Daniel , Richard Christoph , Sing Bernd , Strungaru Nicolae 
Published: November 2020

AbstractModulated crystals and quasicrystals can simultaneously be described as modulated quasicrystals, a class of point sets introduced by de Bruijn in 1987. With appropriate modulation functions, modulated quasicrystals themselves constitute a substantial subclass of strongly almost periodic point measures. We re-analyze these structures using methods from modern mathematical diffraction theory, thereby providing a coherent view over that class. Similar to de Bruijn’s analysis, we find stability with respect to almost periodic modulations.
Multi-risk analysis on European cultural and natural UNESCO heritage sites
Authors: Valagussa Andrea , Frattini Paolo , Crosta Giovanni , Spizzichino Daniele , Leoni Gabriele , Margottini Claudio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA multi-criteria risk analysis to identify and to rank the most critical UNESCO World Heritage Sites (WHSs) in Europe was implemented in the framework of the JPI-CH PROTHEGO project. The presented approach considers three natural geo-hazards (i.e. landsliding, seismic shaking and volcanic activity) for which homogenous European hazard maps are available. The methodology is based on a quantitative and reproducible heuristic assessment of risk through the development of a new UNESCO Risk Index (URI), which combines the level of hazard with a potential damage vector. The latter expresses the expected level of damage as a function of the type of heritage site (monuments, cultural routes, rock-art sites, cultural landscapes, earthworks/hominid sites, walls and natural sites), the position with respect to the ground (underground or overground) and the hazard type. The methodology was applied both to the entire WHS site and to the different properties that compose the site, with the purpose of identifying areas, inside the same site, with different level of risk. At European scale, the spatial distribution of risk reflects the fact that only three hazards were implemented in the analysis so far, with highest values in the Mediterranean area due to the importance of seismic hazard.
Can We Trust Education for Fostering Trust? Quasi-experimental Evidence on the Effect of Education and Tracking on Social Trust
Authors: Österman Marcus 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEducation is one of the most commonly proposed determinants of social trust (generalized trust). Nevertheless, the empirical evidence of a causal relationship between education and social trust is inconclusive. This study contributes to this discussion in two ways. First, its design provides strong grounds for causal inference across multiple countries by exploiting numerous European compulsory schooling reforms. Second, it considers how the structure of education, specifically between-school tracking, impacts the relationship between education and social trust. The article argues that less tracking is positive for social trust because it entails intergroup contacts between children with different social backgrounds. The results do not give support for a general positive effect of education on social trust as the effect of reforms that extend compulsory education is positive but small and not statistically significant. However, reforms that reduce tracking have a somewhat larger, but still modest, positive and statistically significant effect on social trust. The effect is more pronounced for individuals with poorly educated parents. The positive effect of detracking reforms goes hand-in-hand with more understanding attitudes towards persons with a different background than one’s own. The lack of a clear effect of reforms that extend compulsory schooling on social trust reinforces the findings of recent single-country studies that have been unable to confirm a causal effect of education on social trust. However, the effect of detracking reforms, albeit modest, shows that education can have a positive effect on social trust but that the institutional character of education may be a conditioning factor.
Syntheses, structural characterization, and thermal behaviour of metal complexes with 3-aminopyridine as co-ligands
Authors: Mautner Franz A. , Jantscher Patricia V. , Fischer Roland C. , Torvisco Ana , Reichmann Klaus , Massoud Salah S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Six mixed metal complexes with 3-aminopyridine (3-ampy) as a co-ligand have been synthesized: catena-{[M(μ2-3-ampy)(H2O)4]SO4·H2O} (M=Ni (1) and Co (2)), [Co(3-ampy)4(NCS)2] (3), [Co(3-ampy)2(NCS)2] (4), [Co(3-ampy)4(N3)2] (5) and mer-[Co(3-ampy)3(N3)3] (6), (NCS−=isothiocyanate ion, N3− azide ion), and characterized by physio-chemical and spectroscopic methods as well as single crystal X-ray and powder diffraction. In the isostructural complexes 1 and 2 single μ2-3-ampy links the Ni(II) and Co(II) centers into polymeric chains. The mononuclear Co(II) and Co(III) pseudohalide complexes 3–6 reveal only terminal 3-ampy ligands. The 3-ampy ligands form supramolecular hydrogen bonded systems via their NH2-groups and non-covalent π-π ring-ring interactions via their pyridine moieties. Thermoanalytical properties were investigated for 1–3.

Graphic abstract
Discrete Hardy Spaces for Bounded Domains in $${\mathbb {R}}^{n}$$
Authors: Cerejeiras Paula , Kähler Uwe , Legatiuk Anastasiia , Legatiuk Dmitrii 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDiscrete function theory in higher-dimensional setting has been in active development since many years. However, available results focus on studying discrete setting for such canonical domains as half-space, while the case of bounded domains generally remained unconsidered. Therefore, this paper presents the extension of the higher-dimensional function theory to the case of arbitrary bounded domains in $${\mathbb {R}}^{n}$$

R

n

. On this way, discrete Stokes’ formula, discrete Borel–Pompeiu formula, as well as discrete Hardy spaces for general bounded domains are constructed. Finally, several discrete Hilbert problems are considered.
Hypocaloric Diet Initiated Post-Ischemia Provides Long-Term Neuroprotection and Promotes Peri-Infarct Brain Remodeling by Regulating Metabolic and Survival-Promoting Proteins
Authors: de Carvalho Tayana Silva , Sanchez-Mendoza Eduardo H. , Schultz Moreira Adriana R. , Nascentes Melo Luiza M. , Wang Chen , Sardari Maryam , Hagemann Nina , Doeppner Thorsten R. , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Hermann Dirk M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCalorie restriction confers post-ischemic neuroprotection, when administered in a defined time window before ischemic stroke. How a hypocaloric diet influences stroke recovery when initiated after stroke has not been investigated. Male C57BL6/j mice were exposed to transient intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion. Immediately post-ischemia, mice were randomized to two groups receiving moderately hypocaloric (2286 kcal/kg food) or normocaloric (3518 kcal/kg) diets ad libitum. Animals were sacrificed at 3 or 56 days post-ischemia (dpi). Besides increased low density lipoprotein at 3 days and reduced alanine aminotransferase and increased urea at 56 days, no alterations of plasma markers were found in ischemic mice on hypocaloric diet. Body weight mildly decreased over 56 dpi by 7.4%. Hypocaloric diet reduced infarct volume in the acute stroke phase at 3 dpi and decreased brain atrophy, increased neuronal survival and brain capillary density in peri-infarct striatum and reduced motor coordination impairment in tight rope tests in the post-acute stroke phase over up to 56 dpi. The abundance of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, the NAD-dependent deacetylase and longevity protein sirtuin-1, the anti-oxidant glutathione peroxidase-3, and the ammonium detoxifier glutamine synthetase in the peri-infarct brain tissue was increased by hypocaloric diet. This study shows that a moderately hypocaloric diet that is initiated after stroke confers long-term neuroprotection and promotes peri-infarct brain remodeling.
ONCOR: design of the Dutch cardio-oncology registry
Authors: Kamphuis J. A. M. , Linschoten M. , Cramer M. J. , Alsemgeest F. , van Kessel D. J. W. , Urgel K. , Post M. C. , Manintveld O. C. , Hassing H. C. , Liesting C. , Wardeh A. J. , Olde Bijvank E. G. M. , Schaap J. , Stevense-den Boer A. M. , Doevendans P. A. , Asselbergs F. W. , Teske A. J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
The relative new subspecialty ‘cardio-oncology’ was established to meet the growing demand for an interdisciplinary approach to the management of cancer therapy–related cardiovascular adverse events. In recent years, specialised cardio-oncology services have been implemented worldwide, which all strive to improve the cardiovascular health of cancer patients. However, limited data are currently available on the outcomes and experiences of these specialised services, and optimal strategies for cardio-oncological care have not been established.

Aim
The ONCOR registry has been created for prospective data collection and evaluation of cardio-oncological care in daily practice.

Methods
Dutch hospitals using a standardised cardio-oncology care pathway are included in this national, multicentre, observational cohort study. All patients visiting these cardio-oncology services are eligible for study inclusion. Data collection at baseline consists of the (planned) cancer treatment and the cardiovascular risk profile, which are used to estimate the cardiotoxic risk. Information regarding invasive and noninvasive tests is collected during the time patients receive cardio-oncological care. Outcome data consist of the incidence of cardiovascular complications and major adverse cardiac events, and the impact of these events on the oncological treatment.

Discussion
Outcomes of the ONCOR registry may aid in gaining more insight into the incidence of cancer therapy–related cardiovascular complications. The registry facilitates research on mechanisms of cardiovascular complications and on diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic strategies. In addition, it provides a platform for future (interventional) studies. Centres with cardio-oncology services that are interested in contributing to the ONCOR registry are hereby invited to participate.
The Surco canal, an ancient irrigation canal in Lima, Peru, and a citizens’ campaign for its protection
Authors: Lizarzaburu Javier 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present text discusses a number of pre-Hispanic irrigation canals in Lima, the Peruvian capital, often considered as the second largest city built on a desert. Some of the original canals are still in use but given that most have been excluded from official urban narratives, citizens are not aware of them and the role they still play in the city. A brief description of Lima’s canals through the ages is provided, including present day management and the risks affecting them. This paper focuses on the Surco canal and a citizens’ campaign carried out between 2016 and 2018 to raise awareness about it. The impact the campaign has had on the wider city is discussed. A general overview of the cultural context in which pre-Hispanic issues have historically been considered in Lima and how this campaign also tried to address them is included as well. As this paper is part of a special issue, Water History in the time of COVID-19, it has undergone modified peer review.
A complicated way of boiling water: nuclear safety in water history
Authors: Evens Siegfried 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWater and nuclear reactors are much closer intertwined than usually perceived. First, water is the source of the steam that drives the turbines of most nuclear power plants around the world. Next to generating electricity, water is the key to preventing accidents in nuclear plants. As uranium keeps on generating heat when the power plant is turned off, its core needs to be cooled continuously. This crucial connection between water and nuclear is focus of the paper. Nuclear safety will appear as relying heavily on earlier knowledge, institutions, and regulatory frameworks, which were related to water. The three parts of this article discuss technologies, actors and risks of nuclear power. Studying water as a resource in a much broader sense than being boiled for steam shows how determining water is to make nuclear power function. As this paper is part of a special issue, Water History in the time of COVID-19, it has undergone modified peer review.
On the linkage between hydrology and society—learning from history about two-way interactions for sustainable development
Authors: Pande Saket , Uhlenbrook Stefan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe challenge of sustainable development is enshrined in the ambitious 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development of the United Nations. The 17 goals and its various targets are unique with water being one of the cross cutting themes. Taking examples of past water dependent societies in a comparative setting, this paper challenges the new field of Archaeo-hydrology in how it could contribute to the 2030 Agenda based on what can be learned from past and contemporary water dependent societies. We find that societies have coped with climate variability by diversifying both in occupation, livelihoods and use of space. Sharing the costs of coordinating such diversification requires inclusive institutions and technological innovations. Similar to technology, new social institutions emerge in response to a changing environment. However, in tandem, slow out-migration of people seems to go on, driven by better livelihood opportunities outside. If technological innovation and institutional evolution are not rapid enough, then migration seems to take over as the adaptive mechanism in response to environmental changes resulting in rapid dispersal. This means that migration from smaller, less endowed societies can be expected to be rapid, with repetitive cycles of abandonment and rehabilitation after each critical climate or adverse environment events. Consequently, more place based local innovations should be encouraged and local economies should be diversified to increase the resilience so that vulnerable societies may inherit favourable know-how for a sustainable future under changing climatic conditions.
Experiences of Minority Stress and Mental Health Burdens of Newly Arrived LGBTQ* Refugees in Germany
Authors: Golembe J. , Leyendecker B. , Maalej N. , Gundlach A. , Busch J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Introduction
While many refugees have settled in Germany within recent years, little is known about LGBTQ* (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans*, queer*) refugees, a potentially vulnerable group. This qualitative study investigated LGBTQ* refugees’ experiences of distal and proximal minority stressors as well as their mental health burdens during the post-migration period.

Methods
In 2018, 26 self-identified LGBTQ* refugees were recruited in community centers of different metropolitan areas of Germany and interviewed in three focus groups. Anonymized transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results
LGBTQ* refugees experienced discrimination based on their intersecting identities. Some described daily occurrences and higher rates in comparison with premigration. Moreover, LGBTQ* refugees reported expectations of rejection and thus concealed their identities, while some also demonstrated identity acceptance. Reported mental health burdens covered internalizing symptoms as well as low levels of well-being.

Conclusions
Findings suggest that LGBTQ* refugees are especially vulnerable to multiple forms of discrimination based on their intersecting identities. For a subgroup of participants, both discrimination experiences and mental health burdens subjectively increased during post-migration.

Policy Implications
Our evidence substantiated that LGBTQ* refugees need to be distinctively acknowledged in social policies to counter their specific patterns of experienced discrimination and improve their mental health.