bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Europium as a lodestar: diagnosis of radiogenic heat production in terrestrial exoplanets
Authors: Wang H. S. , Morel T. , Quanz S. P. , Mojzsis S. J. 
Published: October 2020

Context. Long-lived radioactive nuclides, such as 40K, 232Th, 235U, and 238U, contribute to persistent heat production in the mantle of terrestrial-type planets. As refractory elements, the concentrations of Th and U in a terrestrial exoplanet are implicitly reflected in the photospheric abundances of the stellar host. However, a robust determination of these stellar abundances is difficult in practice owing to the general paucity and weakness of the relevant spectral features.
Aims. We draw attention to the refractory, r-process element europium, which may be used as a convenient and practical proxy for the population analysis of radiogenic heating in exoplanetary systems.
Methods. As a case study, we present a determination of Eu abundances in the photospheres of α Cen A and B with high-resolution HARPS spectra and a strict line-by-line differential analysis. To first order, the measured Eu abundances can be converted into the abundances of 232Th, 235U, and 238U with observational constraints, while the abundance of 40K is approximated independently with a Galactic chemical evolution model.
Results. Our determination shows that europium is depleted with respect to iron by ~0.1 dex and to silicon by ~0.15 dex compared to solar in the two binary components. The loci of α Cen AB at the low-ends of both [Eu/Fe] and [Eu/Si] distributions of a large sample of FGK stars further suggest significantly lower potential of radiogenic heat production in any putative terrestrial-like planet (i.e. α-Cen-Earth) in this system compared to that in rocky planets (including our own Earth) that formed around the majority of these Sun-like stars. Based on our calculations of the radionuclide concentrations in the mantle and assuming the mantle mass to be the same as that of our Earth, we find that the radiogenic heat budget in an α-Cen-Earth is 73.4−6.9+8.3 TW upon its formation and 8.8−1.3+1.7 TW at the present day, which is 23 ± 5% and 54 ± 5% lower than that in the Hadean Earth (94.9 ± 5.5 TW) and in the modern Earth (19.0 ± 1.1 TW), respectively.
Conclusions. As a consequence, mantle convection in an α-Cen-Earth is expected to be overall weaker than that of Earth (assuming other conditions are the same), and thus such a planet would be less geologically active, suppressing its long-term potential to recycle its crust and volatiles. With Eu abundances being available for a large sample of Sun-like stars, the proposed approach can extend our ability to predict the nature of other rocky worlds that can be tested by future observations.
Impact of prior treatment on feasibility and outcomes of Zenker’s peroral endoscopic myotomy (Z-POEM)
Authors: Sanaei Omid , Ichkhanian Yervant , Mondragón Oscar V. Hernández , Nieto Jose , Krishnan Arunkumar , Tantau Marcel , Tantau Alina , Desai Pankaj N. , Ginsberg Gregory G. , Saumoy Monica , Deshmukh Ameya , Attaar Mikhail , Farha Jad , Jovani Manol , Al-Ghamdi Sarah S. , Ujiki Michael , Khashab Mouen A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Zenker’s peroral endoscopic myotomy (Z-POEM) is a novel procedure for the management of symptomatic Zenker’s diverticulum. This study aims to report the technical feasibility and outcomes of Z-POEM in the management of Zenker’s diverticulum after prior failed interventions.
Methods Patients with persistent or recurrent symptoms after prior endoscopic and/or surgical intervention for Zenker’s diverticulum were retrospectively included. The primary outcome was clinical success, defined as complete or near complete resolution of dysphagia (dysphagia score of 0 or 1) without the need for repeat endoscopic or surgical intervention during follow-up.
Results Z-POEM was technically successful in 30/32 patients (93.8 %). Clinical success was achieved in 29/30 patients (96.7 %), and Z-POEM significantly reduced the median (interquartile range [IQR]) dysphagia score of patients from 2 (1 – 2) to 0 (0) (P < 0.001) over a median duration of follow up of 166 days (IQR 39 – 566). Four patients (12.5 %) had adverse events (two inadvertent mucosotomies and two leaks found on post-procedural esophagrams).
Conclusion Z-POEM is feasible, safe, and effective in the majority of patients with recurrent symptoms after prior surgical or endoscopic interventions.
Mid-Carpal Joint Sparing Procedure for Idiopathic Avascular Necrosis of Capitate
Authors: Ansari Mohammed Tahir , Janardhanan Ritvik 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Avascular necrosis of the capitate (AVNC) is an uncommon pathology of the wrist. Several procedures have been described for the treatment of AVNC. The type of treatment varies depending upon the stages. In early stages, revascularization procedures are performed. If secondary osteoarthritis develops, then the treatment options include intercarpal fusion, four corner fusion, prosthesis replacement of the capitate, tendon interposition, and wrist arthrodesis. No long-term study is available for choosing an appropriate method of the treatment for AVNC.
Case Description Herein, we report a case of AVNC that was managed by hemi-resection of the capitate with capito-hamate fusion and tendon interposition. One year after surgery, patient was asymptomatic and radiographs revealed fusion of capito-hamate joint and maintenance of the mid-carpal joint space. There was no evidence of carpal collapse.
Literature Review All the literature about mid-carpal joint sparing (MCJS) procedures has been reviewed in this report. This is a goal behind writing of this case report as there have been very few publications about these procedures.
Clinical Relevance This case illustrates the successful treatment of AVNC by MCJS procedure. The intercarpal fusion and the four corner fusion are one time procedures, and these can be used if the MCJS procedure fails or sometimes, as primary procedure, if the patient gives consent for the same. It appears prudent to save arthrodesis procedures for the future.
The many versions of the painting of Tingqua’s studio: painting copying and originality in nineteenth-century canton
Authors: Yaron Elad 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPersonal expression was generally not part of the job requirements of trade-painters in nineteenth-century Canton, China. They were asked to produce paintings tailored to their Western consumers’ interests, wishes, and needs. Yet, in the middle of this “art-world” lies an enigma: a set of thirteen paintings depicting the workshop of the trade-painter Tingqua, which seem, at first glance, to be duplicates of a mundane product of the industry. Closer examination, however, reveals not only that each of these versions is unique, but also that the series as a whole is actually extraordinary. The workshop paintings are full of details, including various quotes written in calligraphy, which would not have been understood either by Western or even by most Chinese viewers, but only by members of the scholar-gentry, that is, the literati of China. The main question we face before this thirteen-piece puzzle is: why did the artist plant messages or integrate codes in paintings that were sent to a world in which nobody could decode them? I propose that these workshop paintings be read as a self-portrait of a person living in a world that is witnessing a contest between two substantially different momentous cultures, each struggling to prove its superiority or dominance. Watching the demise of an old world to which he himself was contributing, Tingqua decided to treasure some of its features despite knowing that those who purchased the works would not be able to appreciate them.
Borrowing from Bislama into Raga, Vanuatu
Authors: Duhamel Marie-France 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper reports on variation among speakers of Raga, an Oceanic language of Pentecost island, Vanuatu, in their use of
borrowings from Bislama, the national language of Vanuatu, an English-lexifier contact language. The study measures the frequency of
borrowings from Bislama in the speech of 50 speakers, surveys speakers’ strategies in assimilating loanwords into Raga and quantifies
speakers’ rate of lexical replacement and insertion. This corpus of natural speech reveals an overall low incidence of borrowing from
Bislama at 1.6 Bislama words per 100 recorded words. Women and younger speakers borrow more frequently from Bislama. Young speakers use
borrowings in equal measure to add to their vocabulary and replace Raga words, while their elders tend to borrow from Bislama to add to
their vocabulary, rather than replace Raga words.
Word-initial [h]-drop variation in Nmbo
Authors: Kashima Eri 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper presents a natural speech corpus-based study of word-initial [h]-drop from the Nmbo speech community of
southern Papua New Guinea. It is a speech community within a traditional egalitarian multilingual language ecology sustained by a practice
of virilocal exogamy, and there is strong intergenerational transmission of local vernacular languages. This study investigates the
propensity of word-initial [h]-drop in nouns, based on Nmbo speech data of Kerake tribe people. The results from the Nmbo Sociolinguistic
Corpus shows clear age-conditioned variation, with younger speakers showing a higher propensity for [h]-drop. Nmbo speakers residing both
within and outside their Nmbo villages of origin appear to be partaking in the innovative [h]-drop. The origin of the [h]-drop appears to be
from the village with a more multilingual profile, as would be predicted by the notion of a multilingual feature pool
(Cheshire, Kerswill, Fox, & Torgersen, 2011, Mufwene
2001).
Translating Qur’anic ‘X-phemisms’ Muslims live by
Authors: Hassanein Hamada 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study employs a pragmasemantic approach to investigate the challenges Qur’an translators encounter when rendering Qur’anic euphemisms of licit intercourse (X-phemisms) into English. To achieve the objectives of the study, two understudied translations have been selected for a contrastive analysis of source language X-phemisms and their target language renderings. The analysis reveals that Qur’anic X-phemisms do not lend themselves to an easy translation due to cultural and linguistic idiosyncrasies; they hold a variety of lexical-semantic relations, and branch out into three broad ramifications: procreation, protection, and pleasure. Several Qur’anic X-phemisms have undergone semantic change through meaning-related processes, including generalization, particularization, amelioration, pejoration, and opposition. Some linguistic mechanisms have been manipulated to create euphemistic substitutes for direct references to marital sex through periphrasis, collocation, and figuration, all of which flout the Cooperative Principle in favor of the Politeness Principle.
Translating code-switching in the colonial context
Authors: Choi Jinsil , Kim Kyung Hye , Evans Jonathan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Park Chan-wook, one of the most internationally acclaimed Korean filmmakers, uses language as an important aspect
of characterization in The Handmaiden, his adaptation of Sarah Water’s novel Fingersmith. The
historical background and the characters’ nationalities are changed, but code-switching between two languages – i.e., Korean and
Japanese – recurs throughout the film, thereby enhancing its relevance for the Korean audience. Drawing on the notion of
‘proximity’ and reader response theory, this study examines the role of languages in Park’s characterization and proximation of
the original work for the Korean audience, and the extent to which the shifts in proximity and the use of languages contribute to
British audiences’ affective experiences when this Korean adaptation is subtitled in English.
Comment on ‘defining the electromagnetic potentials’
Authors: Heras José A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In his recent paper (2020 Eur. J. Phys.
41 045202), Davis makes the claim that potentials and fields are ill-defined in the conventional treatment of electromagnetism. He argues that ‘the usual treatment is ambiguous, with that ambiguity being reflected in the gauge transformation equations’. He then proposes an approach based on two operational versions of Helmholtz’s theorem and claims that his approach does not exhibit gauge freedom and allows a rigourous definition of electromagnetic potentials. Here I argue that Davis’s approach does not provide a more rigours definition of potentials than that provided by the standard approach. Apparently, Davis does not realize that when applying an operational version of Helmholtz’s theorem to Maxwell’s equations, he is not avoiding gauge invariance but tacitly applying it by choosing the particular gauge-condition related to this version of the theorem. The application of the instantaneous Helmholtz’s theorem to Maxwell’s equations is equivalent to the choice of the Coulomb-gauge condition, and the application of the retarded Helmholtz’s theorem to these equations is equivalent to the choice of the Lorentz-gauge condition.
Engineering ferromagnetic lines in graphene by local oxidation and hydrogenation using nanoscale lithography
Authors: Byun Ik-Su , Boukhvalov Danil W , Lee Sangik , Kim Wondong , Baik Jaeyoon , Shin Hyun-Joon , Lee Changhee , Son Young-Woo , Jia Quanxi , Park Bae Ho 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Graphene-based spintronics has attracted much attention owing to the weak spin–orbit interaction and long spin relaxation length in graphene. For implementation of practical and high-density graphene-based spintronic devices, we need to define nanoscale areas with room-temperature ferromagnetism on graphene. Here we report the room-temperature ferromagnetism observed in nanoscale functionalized (oxidized and hydrogenated) graphene using atomic force microscope lithography without involving potential surface contamination and chemical agents. By performing magnetic force microscope (MFM) measurements, we can clearly distinguish the local ferromagnetic signal of selectively functionalized graphene from that of surrounding non-magnetic pristine graphene. The nanoscale functionalized graphene shows experimental evidence of room-temperature ferromagnetism: (1) larger MFM signal than that of graphene; (2) repulsive and attractive interaction with an MFM tip the magnetization of which points into and out of the graphene, respectively; and (3) MFM signal reversal after applying a high magnetic field at an elevated temperature of 400 K. Our first-principles calculations reveal that unpaired spins are present at non-passivated dangling bonds of vacancies on functionalized graphene and the stable ferromagnetic exchange interactions between them are favored. Therefore, nanoscale functionalized graphene is a good candidate for use as the spin injector or detector of high-density graphene-based spintronic devices.
High transfer coefficient niobium nano-SQUID integrated with a nanogap modulation flux line
Authors: Qing Zhong , Yuchien Tsai , Jinjin Li , Hao Ling , Kaili Jiang , Yuan Zhong , Wenhui Cao , Zhang Mingyu , Xueshen Wang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Nano-superconducting quantum interference devices (nano-SQUIDs) with high energy sensitivity and spatial resolution are essential in many applications such as single spin detection, nano-electromechanical vibration detection and microscale magnetic imaging. This paper studies a Dayem-type niobium nano-SQUID using focus ion beam milling technology. The device has two 42 nm × 60 nm nano-bridges and an integrated on-chip Nb modulation flux line located beside the SQUID loop with a 100 nm nanogap. The non-hysteretic temperature range of the nano-SQUID is about 1.4 K from 4.6 K to 6.0 K, which could broaden the operation temperature range of the device. The maximal transfer coefficient V
Φ and peak-to-peak voltage ΔV are 8.53 mV/Φ
0 and 430 μV at 4.8 K, respectively.
Proximitized Josephson junctions in highly-doped InAs nanowires robust to optical illumination
Authors: Yang Lily , Steinhauer Stephan , Strambini Elia , Lettner Thomas , Schweickert Lucas , Versteegh Marijn A M , Zannier Valentina , Sorba Lucia , Solenov Dmitry , Giazotto Francesco 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We have studied the effects of optical-frequency light on proximitized InAs/Al Josephson junctions based on highly n-doped InAs nanowires at varying incident photon flux and at three different photon wavelengths. The experimentally obtained IV curves were modeled using a resistively shunted junction model which takes scattering at the contact interfaces into account. Despite the fact that the InAs weak link is photosensitive, the Josephson junctions were found to be surprisingly robust, interacting with the incident radiation only through heating, whereas above the critical current our devices showed non-thermal effects resulting from photon exposure. Our work indicates that Josephson junctions based on highly-doped InAs nanowires can be integrated in close proximity to photonic circuits. The results also suggest that such junctions can be used for optical-frequency photon detection through thermal processes by measuring a shift in critical current.
Phase detection with neural networks: interpreting the black box
Authors: Dawid Anna , Huembeli Patrick , Tomza Michal , Lewenstein Maciej , Dauphin Alexandre 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Neural networks (NNs) usually hinder any insight into the reasoning behind their predictions. We demonstrate how influence functions can unravel the black box of NN when trained to predict the phases of the one-dimensional extended spinless Fermi–Hubbard model at half-filling. Results provide strong evidence that the NN correctly learns an order parameter describing the quantum transition in this model. We demonstrate that influence functions allow to check that the network, trained to recognize known quantum phases, can predict new unknown ones within the data set. Moreover, we show they can guide physicists in understanding patterns responsible for the phase transition. This method requires no a priori knowledge on the order parameter, has no dependence on the NN’s architecture or the underlying physical model, and is therefore applicable to a broad class of physical models or experimental data.
Microscopic origin of molecule excitation via inelastic electron scattering in scanning tunneling microscope
Authors: Dong Guohui , You Yining , Dong Hui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The scanning-tunneling-microscope-induced luminescence emerges recently as an incisive tool to measure the molecular properties down to the single-molecule level. The rapid experimental progress is far ahead of the theoretical effort to the observed phenomena. Such incompetence leads to a significant difficulty in quantitatively assigning the observed feature of the fluorescence spectrum to the structure and dynamics of a single molecule. This work is devoted to revealing the microscopic origin of the molecular excitation via inelastic scattering of the tunneling electrons in the scanning tunneling microscope. The theory proposed here excludes the inelastic electron scattering as the origin of the observed larger photon-counting rate at the positive bias than that at the negative bias voltage.
Yang–Baxter deformations of the principal chiral model plus Wess–Zumino term
Authors: Hoare B , Lacroix S 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A large class of integrable deformations of the principal chiral model, known as the Yang–Baxter deformations, are governed by skew-symmetric R-matrices solving the (modified) classical Yang–Baxter equation. We carry out a systematic investigation of these deformations in the presence of the Wess–Zumino term for simple Lie groups, working in a framework that treats both inhomogeneous and homogeneous deformations on the same footing. After analysing the cohomological conditions under which such a deformation is admissible, we consider an action for the general Yang–Baxter deformation of the principal chiral model plus Wess–Zumino term and prove its classical integrability. We also show how the model is found from a number of alternative formulations: affine Gaudin models,

E

-models, four-dimensional Chern–Simons theory and, for homogeneous deformations, non-abelian T-duality.
The application of BIM technology in road and bridge construction management
Authors: Jian Shen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the whole construction process of highway and bridge, strict engineering quality and safety management, to some extent, is to help promote the long-term development of highway and bridge technology, at the same time, can effectively guarantee the overall safety of bridge and highway construction projects, and reduce the occurrence of safety accidents. In this paper, the application of BIM technology in the safety management of highways and bridges is analyzed to effectively improve the quality and efficiency of construction safety management measures, in order to provide important reference value for bridge construction management safety.
Suggestions on Over-the-horizon Cloud Warning System for Collision Avoidance of Two Intersections
Authors: Bin Liu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
As the highway transportation network expands and modern technologies in the automobile industry develops, automobiles contribute a lot to human life, which have also led to many problems such as traffic accidents, traffic jams, environmental pollution, and energy waste. Take traffic accidents as an example. According to the China’s website of the State Administration of Work Safety, in 2011, about 211,000 people died or injured in traffic accidents, with the death toll hitting 62,000. Among all those accidents, rear-end collisions account for a large proportion, as the freeway rear-end accidents was about 33.4% of the total accidents in China and 24% in America. These traffic accidents have not only resulted in huge economic losses, but have also made highways more congested and occupied medical resources.
Expressway Traffic Flow Prediction Model Based on Bi-LSTM Neural Networks
Authors: Xue Xiaojuan , Jia Yuanhua , Wang Shengyou 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the expressway traffic flow prediction model based on the Bi-LSTM is designed, and four sections of expressway are applied to the model for training and evaluation. Through training and verification, the results show that the average prediction accuracy, MAPE, RMSE, and MAE of the proposed model is 89.54%, 10.46%, 31.55, and 24.58, respectively. In addition, in order to evaluate the effect of the proposed model, this paper introduces the ARIMA model for comparison. It is found that the prediction accuracy of the Bi-LSTM is 18.30% higher than ARIMA, the RMSE is reduced by 31.85, and the MAE is reduced by 26.32. The results show that the proposed Bi-LSTM model exhibits higher prediction performance. Afterwards, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the predicted value and the original value of each road section. The results show that the proposed model has a certain lag, and the forecast value of traffic flow is low for rush hours, however, the forecast value of traffic flow is higher in the low peak hours.
Research on new Energy Vehicle Modeling Design based on the Converge of Art and Technology
Authors: Wu Qing , Zhu Benyan , Xu Jinpeng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the digital age, the vehicle has gone beyond the basic properity of the vehicle has gradually become a mobile data port. From the perspective of users, the comfortable, safe and high-speed driving experience of vehicles no longer meets the needs of users. In the future, vehicle will become an important tool for mobile life service. Therefore, the vehicle artistic modelling design is bound to the direction of digital, intelligent development. In this paper, the key factors affecting the vehicle art design are analyzed comprehensively and systematically, and the law of the new energy vehicle art design is explored from two aspects of technology and art. Then the method of new energy vehicle art design is discussed.