bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selection ofBeauveria bassiana(Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) strains to controlXyleborus affinis(Curculionidae: Scolytinae) females
Authors: Castrejón-Antonio Jesús E. , Tamez-Guerra Patricia , Montesinos-Matías Roberto , Ek-Ramos Maria J. , Garza-López Paul M. , Arredondo-Bernal Hugo C. 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundXyleborus affinisEichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is an ambrosia beetle reported to affect avocado trees (Persea americanaMill.). The use of the entomopathogenic fungus (EPF)Beauveria bassiana(Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. for ambrosia beetle control represents an alternative to insecticides.MethodsThis study was designed in two stages to selectB. bassianastrains with potential to controlX. affinisfemales. In the first stage, 19B. bassianaMexican strains from EPF collection, isolated from Coleoptera (CHE-CNRCB,http://www.gob.mx/senasica/documentos/coleccion-de-hongos-entomopatogenos), were tested. Analyses included radial growth rate, conidial yield, spore germination, and germ tube length. Results were analysed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to identify clusters within favourable growth phenotypes. For the second stage, 10 selected strains were re-analysed for virulence-related metabolic characteristic, including cell wall-bound cuticle-degrading enzymes–Pr1-like proteases and β-N-acetyl glucosaminidases (NAGase) chitinases, conidial hydrophobicity and monopolar germination parameters. A second PCA analysis was run for those virulence parameters analysed, and upon results strains CHE-CNRCB 44, 171, 431 and 485 were selected and tested againstX. affinisfemales. Females were treated with a 1 × 108conidia mL−1suspension (recommended rate), using a Potter Tower.ResultsAll strains showed insecticidal activity, inducing up to 58% mortality; about 30% dead beetles developed aerial mycelia (CHE-CNRCB 485) and the fastest mortality rate wast0= 1.95 (CHE-CNRCB 44).ConclusionSince all selected strains showed virulence againstX. affinisfemales, results indicated the possibility of selectingB. bassianastrains based on multiple metabolic attributes, as a preliminary test to perform bioassays against order-related target insects.
Adaptability of COVID-19 Safety Guidelines in Building Construction Sites in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Ezeokoli F. O. , Okongwu M. I. , Fadumo D. O. 
Published: July 2020

Aim: The study evaluates how COVID-19 safety rules were applied in construction sites in Anambra state, Nigeria.
Study Design: The study being a survey research was effected through literature review, a well-structured questionnaire and interview.
Place and Duration of the Study: The study was conducted in Anambra State, Nigeria for a period of 6 months.
Methodology: Being a survey research, questionnaire containing information relating to COVID-19 guidelines were randomly administered to selected construction practitioners in Anambra State, Nigeria. Accordingly, a total of 84 questionnaires were administered while 81 copies were completed, returned and found useful. This corresponds to a response rate of 96%. The data were analyzed using Relative importance index and ranked appropriately.
Results: The study found out that maintaining stay at home policy if one is sick (0.827), use of face covering/face mask (0.793), placing wash stations or hand sanitizers in multiple locations at construction sites (0.714), maintaining a daily attendance log for all staff and visitors (0.689) and use of provision of personal protective equipment (0.679) are the commonly used covid-19 safety guideline in the study area. The study also, observed that greater percent of the COVID-19 safety guidelines are rarely applied in the study area.
Conclusion: The study concluded by recommending that construction sites in the study area should integrate the recommended safety guidelines in its daily operations and/or activities despite the fact that such practices may attract extra cost and disrupt site activities were contacts are necessary as well as take more time to adjust to the new normal in construction.
Values Education in Teaching of Social Studies in Junior High School Indonesia
Authors: . Supardi , Hasanah Enung 
Published: July 2020

Aims: This study aims to describe the efforts of teachers in implementing values education in social studies learning
Study Design: This research was designed using a qualitative approach with a case study method.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in 2018 from November to April 2019, in Yogyakarta Indonesia.
Methodology: Subjects were 20 social studies teachers in Yogyakarta. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. Data validity is done by source triangulation. Data analysis using Creswell's analysis model.
Results: The results showed that; Values ​​education in social studies learning is done by identifying values ​​that are relevant to the material and learning strategies, incorporating them in learning tools, integrating learning activities, and through social studies learning assessments. The teacher identifies values ​​by linking general learning achievements, school vision and mission, learning material, and learning methods. In the curriculum in Indonesia, several basic values ​​are included in the learning outcomes. The inculcation of values ​​in learning activities is carried out directly by linking the material with values, and indirectly by providing learning activities to students which also provide student learning experiences.
Conclusion: Values education in social studies learning starts from learning planning, learning implementation, and learning assessment. Values education in social studies learning is done indirectly.
A Comparative Analysis on Knowledge and Adoption Level of Farmwomen Regarding Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technologies: A Micro Study by KVK, Ganjam-I
Authors: Samantaray Santosh Kumar , Devadarshini Chitrotpala , Patro Anita , Panda Prasanta Kumar , Giri Bishnupada , Chaudhary Anil Kumar 
Published: July 2020

The study was conducted during 2017-2019 in Ganjam district with the objective to find out the effectiveness of training programme of Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK), Ganjam-I, on knowledge and adoption level of trainee farmwomen regarding fruit and vegetables preservation technologies. A total 400 respondents were selected for the study which includes 200 trainee farmwomen from the adopted villages, where Krishi Vigyan Kendra Ganjam-I, had conducted training programmes in the area of fruit and vegetables preservation technologies and 200 non-trainee farmwomen selected from villages which were not covered by the KVK. The data revealed that majority, (i.e., 72.50 percent) of Trainee Farm-Women were having medium level of knowledge regarding Fruit and Vegetable Preservation technology, followed by those (20.00 percent and 7.50 percent) having high and low level of knowledge, respectively. Whereas, in case of Non-trainee farmwomen, all of them had low level of knowledge regarding Fruit And Vegetable Preservation technologies. Further the analysis of adoption scores of Trainee Farm-women revealed that (79.50 percent) of Trainee Farmwomen had medium level of adoption, followed by (20.50 percent) those having high level of adoption and (18.50 percent) are having low level of adoption as far as Fruit and Vegetable Production technologies are concerned, while in case of Non-Trainee Farm-women, all of them were having low level of adoption. This indicates that there has been significant difference between the trainees & non-trainees with regard to their Knowledge and Adoption of fruit and vegetables preservation technology.
Vegetables with High-Nitrate Content Significantly Increase Plasma Nitrate and Nitrite Concentrations but Do Not Significantly Reduce Systolic Blood Pressure in Young Healthy Men
Authors: Ashworth Ann , Vanhatalo Anni , Blackwell Jamie R. , Hayward Giles M. , Jones Andrew M. 
Published: July 2020

Aims: To investigate the effects of supplementation with high-nitrate and low-nitrate vegetables on plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations, blood pressure and the oxygen demand of moderate-intensity exercise.
Study Design: A randomized, cross-over design.
Place and Duration of Study: Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, between January 2011 and March 2012.
Methodology: 15 non-smoking, physically active healthy men (age 25 ± 6 years, BMI 24 ± 4 kg/m2) were randomized to receive a 2-week supply of high-nitrate or low-nitrate vegetables, with a 2-week ‘wash-out’ period in between. Clinic blood pressure, plasma nitrate and nitrite concentrations and physiological responses to moderate-intensity exercise tests were measured before and after each 2-week intervention. Nitrate intake was calculated using nutritional analysis of reported vegetables consumed.
Results: Participants consumed significantly more dietary nitrate on the high-nitrate diet (417 ± 139 mg/day) than the low-nitrate diet (26 ± 11 mg/day). The high-nitrate diet supplied 5.5 mg nitrate/kg body weight, exceeding the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 3.7 mg nitrate/kg body weight. Supplementation with high-nitrate vegetables significantly increased plasma nitrate concentrations (baseline; 30 ± 20 µM, after high-nitrate vegetables; 129 ± 87 µM) and plasma nitrite concentrations (baseline; 119 ± 35 nM, after high-nitrate vegetables; 227 ± 89 nM) but did not significantly change systolic blood pressure or the physiological response to moderate exercise. There were significant correlations between diastolic blood pressure and plasma nitrite concentrations (low-nitrate diet; r = 0.63, high-nitrate diet, r = 0.56).
Conclusion: Supplementation with high-nitrate vegetables above the ADI significantly increased plasma nitrate and nitrate concentrations but did not significantly reduce systolic blood pressure or the physiological response to moderate exercise. Plasma nitrite concentrations significantly correlated with diastolic blood pressure after high-nitrate and low-nitrate diets.
High Science and Low Technology for Sustainable Rural Development
Authors: Wan Li , Ng Edward 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIs it possible to mitigate the poor housing, poor safety and lack of dignity of the population in vast areas of rural China without adding to the environmental load? Co‐founders of the One University One Village initiative Li Wan and Edward Ng, of the School of Architecture at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, believe that it is, and describe their activities to this end in these regions.
Architecture from the Ground Up: Designing and Delivering Social Value in Southern India
Authors: Lad Jateen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractArchitect Jateen Lad details the socially empowering design and project delivery strategies for the Sharanam Centre for Rural Development in southern India and their catalytic effect on local communities. The trust and dialogue between the architect, NGO client and workers was crucial in the development of technical skills and improved livelihoods that continue to help the communities thrive.
Reframing Social Value in 20th‐Century Conservation
Authors: Mhearáin Aoibheann Ní , Kennedy Tara 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe refurbishment of Modernist buildings while retaining the values of the original design, particularly in relation to social ideals, is a challenge in an era of late‐capitalism. Aoibheann Ní Mhearáin and Tara Kennedy, both architects and academics, present an analysis of the research conducted with Queen's University Belfast and John McLaughlin Architects on St Brendan's Community School in Birr, Ireland. Funded by a Getty Foundation ‘Keeping It Modern’ grant, the research explored how to conserve and retain Modernist buildings while respecting the social aspirations of the original design.
A Quaternary van der Waals Ferromagnetic Semiconductor AgVP2Se6
Authors: Peng Yuxuan , Cheng Xing , Gu Pingfan , Wang Fanggui , Yang Jie , Xue Mingzhu , Yang Wenyun , Wang Changsheng , Liu Shunquan , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Ye Yu , Yang Jinbo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe recent realization of 2D magnetism in van der Waals (vdWs) magnets holds promise for future information technology. However, the vdWs semiconducting ferromagnets, which remain rare, are especially important in developing 2D magnetic devices with new functionalities due to the possibility of simultaneous control of the carrier charge and spin. Metal thiophosphate (MTP), a multifunctional vdWs material system that combines the sought‐after properties of complex oxides, is a promising vdWs magnet system. Here, single crystals of a novel vdWs ferromagnetic semiconductor MTP AgVP2Se6 with a room‐temperature resistivity of 1 Ω m are successfully synthesized. Due to the nature of vdWs bonding along the c‐axis, the magnetic properties of the few‐layer AgVP2Se6 with different thicknesses are characterized on the exfoliated samples. The AgVP2Se6 flakes exhibit significant thickness‐dependent magnetic properties, and a rectangular hysteresis loop with a large coercive field of 750 Oe at 2 K and an undiminished Curie temperature of 19 K are observed in the 6.7 nm AgVP2Se6 flake. The discovered vdWs ferromagnet AgVP2Se6 with semiconducting behavior will provide alternative platforms for exploring 2D magnetism and potential applications in spintronic devices.
A Highly Conductive Titanium Oxynitride Electron‐Selective Contact for Efficient Photovoltaic Devices
Authors: Yang Xinbo , Lin Yuanbao , Liu Jiang , Liu Wenzhu , Bi Qunyu , Song Xin , Kang Jingxuan , Xu Fuzong , Xu Lujia , Hedhili Mohamed N. , Baran Derya , Zhang Xiaohong , Anthopoulos Thomas D. , De Wolf Stefaan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHigh‐quality carrier‐selective contacts with suitable electronic properties are a prerequisite for photovoltaic devices with high power conversion efficiency (PCE). In this work, an efficient electron‐selective contact, titanium oxynitride (TiOxNy), is developed for crystalline silicon (c‐Si) and organic photovoltaic devices. Atomic‐layer‐deposited TiOxNy is demonstrated to be highly conductive with a proper work function (4.3 eV) and a wide bandgap (3.4 eV). Thin TiOxNy films simultaneously provide a moderate surface passivation and enable a low contact resistivity on c‐Si surfaces. By implementation of an optimal TiOxNy‐based contact, a state‐of‐the‐art PCE of 22.3% is achieved for a c‐Si solar cell featuring a full‐area dopant‐free electron‐selective contact. Simultaneously, conductive TiOxNy is proven to be an efficient electron‐transport layer for organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices. A remarkably high PCE of 17.02% is achieved for an OPV device with an electron‐transport TiOxNy layer, which is superior to conventional ZnO‐based devices with a PCE of 16.10%. Atomic‐layer‐deposited TiOxNy ETL on a large area with a high uniformity may help accelerate the commercialization of emerging solar technologies.
Direct Targeting of CREB1 with Imperatorin Inhibits TGFβ2‐ERK Signaling to Suppress Esophageal Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Xu Wen Wen , Huang Zhi‐Hao , Liao Long , Zhang Qi‐Hua , Li Jun‐Qi , Zheng Can‐Can , He Yan , Luo Ting‐Ting , Wang Yang , Hu Hui‐Fang , Zuo Qian , Chen Wen‐You , Yang Qing‐Sheng , Zhao Jian‐Fu , Qin Yan‐Ru , Xu Li‐Yan , Li En‐Min , Liao Hua‐Xin , Li Bin , He Qing‐Yu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMetastasis accounts for 90% of cancer death worldwide, and effective therapeutic strategies are lacking. The aim of this work is to identify the key drivers in tumor metastasis and screen therapeutics for treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Gene Ontology analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) gene expression datasets of ESCC patients with or without lympy metastasis identifies that TGFβ2 is highly enriched in the pathways essential for tumor metastasis and upregulates in the metastatic ESCC tumors. High TGFβ2 expression in ESCC correlates with metastasis and patient survival, and functionally contributes to tumor metastasis via activating extracellular signal‐regulated kinases (ERK) signaling. By screening of a library consisting of 429 bioactive compounds, imperatorin is verified as a novel TGFβ2 inhibitor, with robustly suppressive effect on tumor metastasis in multiple mice models. Mechanistically, direct binding of imperatorin and CREB1 inhibits phosphorylation, nuclear translocation of CREB1, and its interaction with TGFβ2 promoter, represses TGFβ2 expression and fibroblasts‐secreted CCL2, and then inactivates ERK signaling to block cancer invasion and abrogates the paracrine effects of fibroblasts on tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. Overall, the findings suggest the use of TGFβ2 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in ESCC, and supports the potential of imperatorin as a novel therapeutic strategy for cancer metastasis.
Sequential PDT and PTT Using Dual‐Modal Single‐Walled Carbon Nanohorns Synergistically Promote Systemic Immune Responses against Tumor Metastasis and Relapse
Authors: Yang Jingxing , Hou Mengfei , Sun Wenshe , Wu Qinghe , Xu Jia , Xiong Liqin , Chai Yimin , Liu Yuxin , Yu Meihua , Wang Haolu , Xu Zhi Ping , Liang Xiaowen , Zhang Chunfu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractImmune responses stimulated by photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) are a promising strategy for the treatment of advanced cancer. However, the antitumor efficacy by PDT or PTT alone is less potent and unsustainable against cancer metastasis and relapse. In this study, Gd3+ and chlorin e6 loaded single‐walled carbon nanohorns (Gd‐Ce6@SWNHs) are developed, and it is demonstrated that they are a strong immune adjuvant, and have high tumor targeting and penetration efficiency. Then, three in vivo mouse cancer models are established, and it is found that sequential PDT and PTT using Gd‐Ce6@SWNHs synergistically promotes systemic antitumor immune responses, where PTT stimulates dendritic cells (DCs) to secrete IL‐6 and TNF‐α, while PDT triggers upregulation of IFN‐γ and CD80. Moreover, migration of Gd‐Ce6@SWNHs from the targeted tumors to tumor‐draining lymph nodes sustainably activates the DCs to generate a durable immune response, which eventually eliminates the distant metastases without using additional therapeutics. Gd‐Ce6@SWNHs intervened phototherapies also generate durable and long‐term memory immune responses to tolerate and prevent cancer rechallenge. Therefore, this study demonstrates that sequential PDT and PTT using Gd‐Ce6@SWNHs under moderate conditions elicits cooperative and long‐lasting antitumor immune responses, which are promising for the treatment of patients with advanced metastatic cancers.
Self‐Assembling Glycopeptide Conjugate as a Versatile Platform for Mimicking Complex Polysaccharides
Authors: Wang Hanxuan , Liu Zhichao , An Chuanjing , Li Haoting , Hu Fanlei , Dong Suwei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPolysaccharides are a class of carbohydrates that play pivotal roles in living systems such as being chemical messengers in many vital biological pathways. However, the complexity and heterogeneity of these natural structures have posed daunting challenges on their production, characterization, evaluation, and applications. While there have been various types of synthetic skeletons that could mimic some biological aspects of polysaccharides, a safer and more easily accessed system is still desired to avoid the unnatural components and difficulties in modifying the structures. In this work, conveniently accessible self‐assembling glycopeptide conjugates are developed, where the natural O‐glycosidic linkages and phosphoryl modifications assist the self‐assembly and concurrently reduce the risk of toxicity. The generated nanoparticles in aqueous solution offer a multivalent display of structurally controllable carbohydrates as mimics of polysaccharides, among which a mannosylated version exhibits immunostimulatory effects in both cellular assays and vaccination of mice. The obtained results demonstrate the potential of this glycopeptide conjugate‐derived platform in exploiting the intriguing properties of carbohydrates in a more structurally maneuverable fashion.
Measurement Uncertainty and Its Connection to Quantum Coherence in an Inertial Unruh–DeWitt Detector
Authors: Yang Ying‐Yue , Ye Liu , Wang Dong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe dynamic characteristics of measured uncertainty and quantum coherence are explored for an inertial Unruh–DeWitt detector model in an expanding de Sitter space. Using the entropic uncertainty relation, the uncertainty of interest is correlated with the evolving time t, the energy level spacing δ, and the Hubble parameter H. The investigation shows that, for short time, a strong energy level spacing and small Hubble parameter can result in a relatively small uncertainty. The evolution of quantum coherence versus the evolving time and Hubble parameter, which varies almost inversely to that of the uncertainty, is then discussed, and the relationship between uncertainty and the coherence is explicitly derived. With respect to the l1 norm of coherence, it is found that the environment for the quantum system considered possesses a strong non‐Markovian property. The dynamic behavior of coherence non‐monotonously decreases with the growth of evolving time. The dynamic features of uncertainty and coherence in the expanding space with those in flat space are also compared. Furthermore, quantum weak measurement is utilized to effectively reduce the magnitude of uncertainty, which offers realistic and important support for quantum precision measurements during the undertaking of quantum tasks.
Repulsive Casimir Force of the Free and Harmonically Trapped Bose Gas in the Bose–Einstein Condensate Phase
Authors: Aydiner Ekrem 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this study, ideal free and harmonically trapped Bose gases confined by two plates in the x–y‐plane in‐between distance d are considered. The Casimir potential is obtained from the grand canonical potential of these quantum Bose gases for the Zaremba and the anti‐periodic boundary conditions. The Casimir force is then obtained for the Bose–Einstein condensate phase and for the non‐condensate phase . It is shown that Casimir forces are repulsive for these boundary conditions. Additionally, it is shown that Casimir forces exponentially decay in the non‐condensate phase with the decay lengths. These decay lengths were discussed and compared for different boundary conditions. As a result, new results are obtained for harmonically trapped Bose gas and the free gas results are compared with previous results.
Periodically Ordered, Nuclease‐Resistant DNA Nanowires Decorated with Cell‐Specific Aptamers as Selective Theranostic Agents
Authors: Xue Chang , Zhang Songbai , Yu Xin , Hu Shuyao , Lu Yi , Wu Zai‐Sheng 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDNA nanostructures have shown potential in cancer therapy. However, their clinical application is hampered by the difficulty to deliver them into cancer cells and susceptibility to nuclease degradation. To overcome these limitations, we report herein a periodically ordered nick‐hidden DNA nanowire (NW) with high serum stability and active targeting functionality. The inner core is made of multiple connected DNA double helices, and the outer shell is composed of regularly arranged standing‐up hairpin aptamers. All termini of the components are hidden from nuclease attack, whereas the target‐binding sites are exposed to allow delivery to the cancer target. The DNA NW remained intact during incubation for 24 h in serum solution. Animal imaging and cell apoptosis showed that NWs loaded with an anticancer drug displayed long blood‐circulation time and high specificity in inducing cancer‐cell apoptosis, thus validating this approach for the targeted imaging and therapy of cancers.