bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RUQYAH SEBAGAI PENGOBATAN BERBASIS SPIRITUAL UNTUK MENGATASI KESURUPAN
Authors: Afiyatin Alfiyah Laila 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe existence of spiritual involvement in handling possession, this purpose article to describe the implementation of ruqyah possessed by patients in Nashrun Minallah boarding school and spiritual interpretation in the implementation of ruqyah. This type of research is qualitative, with interview and observation research methods. The research subjects are 1 ruqyah and 1 assistant. The results showed that two types of trance experienced by patients were possessed by psychic and physical disorders, the main process in ruqyah was blades, then safeguards developed by patients with independent ruqyah with necessary health assistance. Spiritual has a significant role in the ruqyah process which is carried out to deal with patients suffering from spiritual illness in the form of possession. Keywords: ruqyah, spiritual medicine, possessed.
Ischemic Preconditioning Improves Resistance Training Session Performance
Authors: da Silva Novaes Jefferson , da Silva Telles Luiz Guilherme , Monteiro Estêvão Rios , da Silva Araujo Gleisson , Vingren Jakob L. , Silva Panza Patrícia , Reis Victor Machado , Laterza Mateus Camaroti , Vianna Jeferson Macedo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
da Silva Novaes, J, da Silva Telles, LG, Monteiro, ER, da Silva Araujo, G, Vingren, JL, Silva Panza, P, Reis, VM, Laterza, MC, and Vianna, JM. Ischemic preconditioning improves resistance training session performance. J Strength Cond Res 35(11): 2993–2998, 2021—The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) in a resistance exercise (RE) training session on the number of repetitions performed, total volume, and rating of perceived exertion in recreationally trained and normotensive men. Sixteen recreationally trained and normotensive men completed 3 RE sessions in a counterbalanced and randomized order: (a) IPC protocol using 220 mm Hg followed by RE (IPC), (b) IPC cuff control protocol with 20 mm Hg followed by RE (CUFF), and (c) no IPC (control) followed by RE (CON). RE was performed with 3 sets of each exercise (bench press, leg press, lateral pulldown, hack machine squat, shoulder press, and Smith back squat) until concentric muscular failure, at 80% of one repetition maximum, with 90 seconds of rest between sets and 2 minutes of rest between exercises. Ischemic preconditioning and CUFF consisted of 4 cycles of 5 minutes of occlusion/low pressure alternating with 5 minutes of no occlusion (0 mm Hg) using a pneumatic tourniquet applied around the subaxillary region of the upper arm. For each condition, the number of repetitions completed, total volume of work performed, and rating of perceived exertion were determined. No significant difference was found for rating of perceived exertion between any experimental protocol. Ischemic preconditioning significantly (p < 0.05) increased the number of repetitions across exercises. Consequently, total volume performed (sum of total number of repetitions x load for each exercise) was significantly higher in IPC (46,170 kg) compared with CON (34,069 kg) and CUFF (36,590 kg) across all exercises. This work may have important implications for athletic populations because it demonstrates increase in muscle performance outcomes during a single RE session. Therefore, performing IPC before RE could be an important exercise prescription recommendation to increase maximum repetition performance and total volume of work performed and thus potentially increase desired training adaptations (i.e., strength and hypertrophy).
Emotional Stress Induces Structural Plasticity in Bergmann Glial Cells via an AC5–CPEB3–GluA1 Pathway
Authors: Bender Crhistian Luis , Sun Xingxing , Farooq Muhammad , Yang Qian , Davison Caroline , Maroteaux Matthieu , Huang Yi-shuian , Ishikawa Yoshihiro , Liu Siqiong June 
Published: March 2020

Stress alters brain function by modifying the structure and function of neurons and astrocytes. The fine processes of astrocytes are critical for the clearance of neurotransmitters during synaptic transmission. Thus, experience-dependent remodeling of glial processes is anticipated to alter the output of neural circuits. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie glial structural plasticity are not known. Here we show that a single exposure of male and female mice to an acute stress produced a long-lasting retraction of the lateral processes of cerebellar Bergmann glial cells. These cells express the GluA1 subunit of AMPA-type glutamate receptors, and GluA1 knockdown is known to shorten the length of glial processes. We found that stress reduced the level of GluA1 protein and AMPA receptor-mediated currents in Bergmann glial cells, and these effects were absent in mice devoid of CPEB3, a protein that binds to GluA1 mRNA and regulates GluA1 protein synthesis. Administration of a β-adrenergic receptor blocker attenuated the reduction in GluA1, and deletion of adenylate cyclase 5 prevented GluA1 suppression. Therefore, stress suppresses GluA1 protein synthesis via an adrenergic/adenylyl cyclase/CPEB3 pathway, and reduces the length of astrocyte lateral processes. Our results identify a novel mechanism for GluA1 subunit plasticity in non-neuronal cells and suggest a previously unappreciated role for AMPA receptors in stress-induced astrocytic remodeling.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAstrocytes play important roles in synaptic transmission by extending fine processes around synapses. In this study, we showed that a single exposure to an acute stress triggered a retraction of lateral/fine processes in mouse cerebellar astrocytes. These astrocytes express GluA1, a glutamate receptor subunit known to lengthen astrocyte processes. We showed that astrocytic structural changes are associated with a reduction of GluA1 protein levels. This requires activation of β-adrenergic receptors and is triggered by noradrenaline released during stress. We identified adenylyl cyclase 5, an enzyme that elevates cAMP levels, as a downstream effector and found that lowering GluA1 levels depends on CPEB3 proteins that bind to GluA1 mRNA. Therefore, stress regulates GluA1 protein synthesis via an adrenergic/adenylyl cyclase/CPEB3 pathway in astrocytes and remodels their fine processes.
Costs and Use for Children With Medical Complexity in a Care Management Program
Authors: Bergman David A. , Keller David , Kuo Dennis Z. , Lerner Carlos , Mansour Mona , Stille Christopher , Richardson Troy , Rodean Jonathan , Hudak Mark 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Children with medical complexity (CMC) comprise only 6% of the pediatric population, account for ∼40% of pediatric health care spending, and provide an important opportunity for cost saving. Savings in this group can have an important impact on pediatric health care costs. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of a multicenter care management program on spending and use in CMC.

DESIGN AND METHODS:
We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of a population of 4530 CMC enrolled in a learning collaborative designed to improve care for CMC ages 0 to 21 years identified using 3M Clinical Risk Group categories 5b through 9. The primary outcome was total per-member per-year standardized spending; secondary outcomes included inpatient and emergency department (ED) spending and use. We used a 1:1 propensity score match to compare enrolled patients to eligible nonenrolled patients and statistical process control methods to analyze spending and usage rates.

RESULTS:
Comparison with the matched group showed a 4.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9%–7.3%) decrease in total per-member per-year spending (P &lt; .001), a 7.7% (95% CI: 1.2%–13.5%) decrease in inpatient spending (P = .04), and an 11.6% (95% CI: 3.9%–18.4%) decrease in ED spending (P = .04). Statistical process control analysis showed a decrease in hospitalization rate and ED visits.

CONCLUSIONS:
CMC enrolled in a learning collaborative showed significant decreases in total spending and a significant decrease in the number of hospitalizations and ED visits. Additional research is needed to determine more specific causal factors for the results and if these results are sustainable over time and replicable in other settings.
A diagnostic challenge in clinical laboratory: Misidentification of Neisseria subflava as Neisseria meningitidis by MALDI-TOF MS
Authors: Unalan-Altintop Tugce , Karagoz Alper , Hazirolan Gulsen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMALDI-TOF MS provides fast, easy to perform and cost-effective diagnosis in clinical microbiology laboratories, however in some cases results of MALDI-TOF MS should be confirmed with additional tests. This confirmation is especially important for causes of life-threatening infections like Neisseria meningitidis. In our laboratory, three isolates were identified as N. meningitidis by Bruker MALDI Biotyper (BD, USA) between April 2018 and March 2019 from clinical specimens of blood, sputum, and urine. 16S rRNA sequencing was performed for further investigation. Two of the isolates were identified as Neisseria subflava and only one was confirmed as N. meningitidis by sequencing. These results show that MALDI-TOF MS is not always reliable in the diagnosis of N. meningitidis and clinical microbiologists should confirm these results with additional tests. Also, clinical correlations should be determined. Accurate identification of this microorganism is very important because of the necessity of prophylactic antimicrobial usage and biosafety precautions. Enlarged databases of Neisseria species are needed to overcome this problem.
AN INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY OF WAFFLES WITH FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Iorgacheva Е. , Korkach G. , Lebedenko T. , Kotuzaki O. 
Published: March 2020

The high-priority tasks of today’s confectionery industry include the development and introduction of functional-purpose confections. These products are supposed to be of high technological qualities, be effective in production to the extent possible, and have physiological functional properties due to the physiologically valuable ingredients in their composition. These ingredients include the synbiotic complex composed of probiotics (bifidobacteria, lactobacilli) and prebiotics (inulin and lactulose). This complex has been studied in this research. The paper gives reasons why waffles with fatty fillings are the ones to which the synbiotic complex should be added. It has been established what mass fraction of the ingredients at what stage of fatty filling production should be added. It has been studied how the synbiotic complex affects the structural and mechanical properties of the fatty filling: its effective viscosity, adhesive strength, and critical shear stress. It has been found that the maximum shear rate that still allows obtaining a high-quality filling is 5.4 s-1. The specific pull-off force of the fatty filling with the synbiotic added becomes lower compared to that of the control sample. This helps reduce the energy consumed in the course of moulding waffles. An innovative manufacturing technology for waffles with synbiotic supplements has been developed and proved practical. It includes the stages of preparing microencapsulated microorganisms and adding prebiotics, and provides the technological parameters of fatty filling preparation. It has been established that the synbiotic included into the composition of the new fatty filling decreases the maturation of waffle blocks by 40–45%, and allows reducing the layer of filling to 1–1.5 mm. It has been proven that the synbiotic complex as an ingredient in the fatty filling of waffles will allow developing and manufacturing confections that improve human microflora. These new specialised products will be socially significant, as they will help solve a topical and important task of the confectionery industry: prevent gastrointestinal diseases.
Crecimiento económico en una región emprendedora en el Ecuador
Authors: Córdova-Pacheco Ana , Moina-Sánchez Paúl , Morales-Carrasco Lilián 
Published: March 2020

Este artículo analiza los niveles de emprendimiento temprano de las industrias estratégicas del principal puerto del Ecuador, en la provincia de Guayas en el período 2012–2016. Se utilizaron fuentes secundarias en lo que respecta a la actividad empresarial correspondientes a las sociedades en la Superintendencia de Compañías del Ecuador y del Servicio de Rentas Internas del Ecuador para las empresas unipersonales, por otro lado del Banco Central del Ecuador se obtuvo datos del Valor Agregado Bruto y la población económicamente activa, la tasa de desempleo del Instituto de Estadísticas y Censos del Ecuador; con esta información se obtiene la TEA ( Tasa de la actividad emprendedora temprana) y el % de las empresas establecidas en la provincia del Guayas, para luego diseñar dos modelos econométricos mediante mínimos cuadrados ordinarios , en los cuales se comprobó la incidencia de la TEA y las empresas establecidas en el crecimiento económico y la incidencia del desempleo y las empresas establecidas en la TEA. Los resultados evidenciaron que la TEA y la tasa de empresas establecidas explican en un 97,07% el crecimiento económico de la provincia especialmente en los sectores textiles, confecciones, alimentos y bebidas procesadas donde se evidencia altas tasas de entrada nacientes y nuevas, además se constató que existe una relación inversa entre el desempleo y el emprendimiento.
Investigação das alterações emocionais e comportamentais de universitários iniciantes em Medicina e Enfermagem
Authors: Tsuda Miriane , Hauy Fabiane Nomada , Zotesso Marina Cristina 
Published: March 2020

A saúde mental pode ser definida como estado de bem-estar geral, no qual o indivíduo consegue realizar suas habilidades, enfrentar o estresse diário, ser produtivo e contribuir socialmente, o rompimento desses fatores pode ocasionar no adoecimento psicológico e psiquiátrico. Nesse sentido, ressaltam-se as variáveis ambientais e comportamentais responsáveis pela saúde dos acadêmicos da área da saúde. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a saúde mental de universitários iniciantes dos cursos de medicina e enfermagem de uma universidade particular, a partir de aspectos emocionais e comportamentais. Aplicou-se um questionário, elaborado pelas autoras, em 136 estudantes do primeiro ano, sendo 89 de medicina e 47 de enfermagem. A partir dos resultados, foi possível identificar a predominância do sexo feminino na amostra e entre a faixa etária de 17 a 22 anos, também se verificou que 28 estudantes do total receberam algum diagnóstico psicológico ou psiquiátrico ao longo do primeiro ano. Com relação ao estresse percebido, os estudantes apresentaram índices considerados como estresse médio em tal percepção, o que do ponto de vista da saúde é preocupante, visto que os mesmos tem uma trajetória academia extensa até a conclusão do curso, podendo aumentar tais níveis. Mediante o exposto, concluiu-se que o adoecimento entre universitários é uma realidade atual e traz consigo consequências que podem ser estendidas, para tal, é notória a importância de maiores pesquisas em tal temática, bem como de ações por parte das instituições de ensino, visando suporte, em especial do ponto de vista psicológico a fim de promover um ambiente reforçador para o estudo e preparação para o mercado de trabalho.
Sentetik Kannabinoidlerin Nöropsikiyatrik Etkileri
Authors: ARAL Armağan , AVCI Bahattin , USTA Miraç Barış 
Published: March 2020

Sentetik Kannabinoidler esrarın psikoaktif etkilerini taklit eden
laboratuar ortamında üretilmiş birçok bileşiğin ortak adıdır. Sentetik Kannabinoid
kullanımı son yıllarda gençler arasında hızla yaygınlaşan bir halk sağlığı
sorunudur. Kullanım oranının gün geçtikçe artması nedeniyle etkilerinin daha iyi
anlaşılabilmesi, tüketim hızının azaltılabilmesi, yarattığı olumsuz etkilerin
giderilmesinin kolaylaştırılabilmesi için birçok çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
Sentetik kannabinoid kullanımı sonucunda ortaya çıkabilecek nöropsikiyatrik
durumların bilinmesi ve esrar kullanımından ayırt edilmesi, nörorehabilitasyon
sürecinin işlevselliğini artırmaya yönelik düzenlemelere yol gösterecektir.
Hemodiyaliz Hastalarında Serebrovasküler Olaylar
Authors: ÖZELSANCAK Rüya 
Published: March 2020

İnme dünya çapında morbidite ve
mortalitenin önde gelen nedenlerinden biridir. İskemik ve hemorajik olarak iki gruba
ayrılır ve diyabet, hipertansiyon, sigara ve obezite gibi kardiyovasküler hastalıklar
ile benzer risk faktörlerine sahiptir. Kronik böbrek hastalığı da sıklığı
her geçen gün artan ve geleneksel risk faktörleri dışında, üremik toksinler, anemi,
trombosit disfonksiyonu, hipervolemi, malnütriyon-inflamasyon, artmış oksidatif
stres gibi kendine has risk faktörleri olan bir hastalıktır. Diyalize giren
hasta sayısı ülkemizde her yıl %10
oranında artmaktadır ve bu hasta grubunda inme, kronik böbrek hastalığının tüm
aşamalarında genel populasyona göre 2-10 kat fazla görülmektedir. Bu derlemede,
inmenin risk faktörleri ve alt tipleri dahil olmak üzere kronik böbrek
hastaları ve diyaliz hastalarında inmeye genel bir bakış sunulmaktadır.
An Ensemble Classifier for Finger Movement Recognition using EMG Signals
Authors: Özkan İlker Ali 
Published: March 2020

Electromyography
(EMG) signals that obtained by electrodes connected to the forearm are the
monitoring of the muscles by the electrical method. These signals are quite
useful during the use of prosthesis as a source signal to the moving prosthesis.
Therefore, it is essential that classifying the EMG signals with high accuracy
by analyzing. This study aims that classifying the individual and combined
finger movements using surface EMG signals taken from the surface of the human
forearm. EMG signals that belong to 10 different finger movements obtained from
eight subjects were used. Firstly, EMG signals have been split into segments by
the windowing process, and temporal feature vectors are formed by applying
various feature extraction methods to these segments. Feature vectors have been classified with the
ensemble bagged tree algorithm, which is a combination of classifiers, to
obtain the correct classification decision. As a result of 10-fold
cross-validation, with the proposed method, 96.6% overall classification
accuracy was achieved. The results obtained show that the ensemble classifier
can be used successfully in determining finger movements when compared with
similar studies.
Análisis de la política energética a partir del cumplimiento de la reducción de emisiones de dióxido de carbono (CO2) entre países de América latina con economía extractivista
Authors: Pinilla Rivera Maribel , De Corso Sicilia Giuseppe Bernardo 
Published: March 2020

El artículo de investigación presenta un análisis de la política energética a partir del cumplimiento del Protocolo de Kioto en 1997, referente a la reducción de emisiones de dióxido de carbono (CO2) entre los países con economía extractiva más representativos de América Latina, cuya transformación puede explicarse tanto por las dinámicas de cada país con sus instituciones, como por el resultado de situaciones de cambio potencial. El apoyo documental de la investigación se realizó mediante recursos de análisis de tipo cualitativo y cuantitativo, donde se evidencian el comportamiento de las tasas promedio de emisiones, las emisiones por unidad de producción económica y la demanda de energía por fuente en América Latina. De acuerdo con los resultados se evidencian empíricamente que la hipótesis de la curva de Kuznets no se cumple por tanto no puede considerarse que el rápido crecimiento económico solucionara, eventualmente, los problemas ambientales. Asimismo se evidencia el elevado ritmo de crecimiento económico en el largo plazo en América Latina lo que hace necesario disponer de una matriz energética diversificada, eficiente, con costos competitivos y donde las energías renovables tengan un papel relevante y así disminuir la deficiencia de la política energética.
Chemical Composition and Bioefficacy of Essential Oil from Bay Laurel Shrub (Laurales: Lauraceae) against Culiseta longiareolata (Macquart) (Diptera: Culicidae) Larvae
Authors: Bouzidi Oulfa , Tine Samir , Hamaidia Kaouther , Tine-Djebbar Fouzia , Soltani Noureddine 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
An essential oil extracted from bay laurel, Laurus nobilis (L.), was chemically characterized and tested against fourth-instar Culiseta longiareolata (Macquart) (Diptera: Culicidae). Percentage composition of the oil in L. nobilis was 0.96, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis identified 56 components with eucalyptol (25.62%), linalool (11.83%), methyl eugenol (10.07%), and camphene (10.18%) as the major constituents. Laboratory bioassays demonstrated significant larvicidal activity of the oil extract with cumulative median lethal concentrations (i.e., LC50) of 203.7 parts per million (ppm) at Day 1, 171.9 ppm at Day 3, and 85.1 ppm at Day 7 after exposure. The essential oil also affected egg hatch and sex ratio of the progeny. These results suggest that the essential oil extracted from L. nobilis has potential for development as a management tactic directed against Cs. longiareolata.
Comparative Histological Study of the Stomach in Two Species of Iraqi Vertebrates (Magpie Pica pica L. and Small Asian Mongoose Herpestes javanicus E.)
Authors: Et al. AL –Nakeeb 
Published: March 2020

A histological study showed the wall of the stomach in Pica pica and Herpestes javanicus consists of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa and serosa. Also, the present study showed many differences in the histological structures of the stomach for each in both types. The stomach of P. pica consists of two portions: the proventiculus and gizzard, while the stomach of H. javanicus consists of three portions: cardiac, fundic and pyloric regions. The mucosa layer formed short gastric folds, named plicae. In the proventiculus of P. pica, sulcus is found between each two plicae, but the folds called gastric pits in the gizzard, which are full with koilin. Lamina properia in both types contained gastric glands (straight simple tubular glands) named superficial glands, as well as another gastric gland found in the submucosa layer of the proventiculus in P. pica only named deep gastric glands. The gastric gland in the stomach of H. javanicus contained: mucous neck cells and parietal cells positive to AB/PAS stains in cardiac portion, as well as chief cells in fundic portion, but pyloric portion had just mucous neck cells. Muscularis externa in both types formed two muscle layers: inner and outer layer.