bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die chronisch thromboembolische pulmonale Hypertonie (CTEPH)
Authors: Ley Sebastian , Kreitner Karl-Friedrich 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie chronisch thromboembolische pulmonale Hypertonie (CTEPH) bildet die Kategorie 4 der ESC/ERS-Leitlinien zur pulmonalen Hypertonie (PH). Es handelt sich um eine seltene, aber auch unterdiagnostizierte Erkrankung, deren Inzidenz auf 0,1 – 9,1% bei Patienten nach einer akuten Lungenembolie (Mittel 4%) und auf bis zu 10% nach wiederholten Lungenembolien geschätzt wird. Sie ist die einzige Erkrankung aus dem Formenkreis der PH, die mittels einer Operation kurativ behandelt werden kann.Patienten mit vermuteter CTEPH müssen diagnostisch abgeklärt werden hinsichtlich des Nachweises einer CTEPH und ihrer differenzialdiagnostischen Abgrenzung insbesondere zur idiopathischen pulmonalarteriellen Hypertonie. Zudem müssen chirurgisch therapierbare Patienten erkannt und die pulmonale Hämodynamik (mittlerer pulmonalarterieller Druck und Lungengefäßwiderstand) sicher bestimmt werden. Wenn eine Ventilations-Perfusions-Szintigrafie den Verdacht auf eine CTEPH liefert, sollte die weitere Diagnostik mittels CT-Angiografie und Rechtsherzkatheteruntersuchung erfolgen 1.
Efficacy and safety of traction-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection: a meta-regression of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Su Ying-Fong , Cheng Sheng-Wei , Chang Chun Chao , Kang Yi-No 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is widely used to treat gastrointestinal lesions. A traction-assisted (TA) strategy has been recently developed for ESD. In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of TA-ESD compared with conventional ESD (C-ESD).
Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure to identify randomized clinical trials that compared TA-ESD and C-ESD. No filters for language or date of publication were used. Outcomes included complete resection rate, resected specimen size, procedure time, hemostasis usage (frequency), overall complication rate, perforation rate, and delayed bleeding rate. We used the mean difference (MD) for continuous outcomes in a random-effects model and Peto odds ratio (POR) for binary outcomes where any zero cell existed. Effect sizes and their 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were determined.
Results 12 out of 929 identified articles, including 1499 patients, were analyzed. According to pooled results, TA-ESD produced similar R0 resections to C-ESD, but its procedure time (minutes) was shorter than that of C-ESD (MD – 16.02, 95 %CI – 22.71 to – 9.33). Moreover, TA-ESD had a lower complication rate (POR 0.47, 95 %CI 0.29 to 0.76) and perforation rate (POR 0.24, 95 %CI 0.10 to 0.56) than C-ESD. A nonsignificant difference in delayed bleeding rate was observed, although there was a trend toward this being lower in TA-ESD than C-ESD (POR 0.90, 95 %CI 0.46 to 1.75, I
2 = 12 %).
Conclusions The traction-assisted strategy improves safety and efficacy in the treatment of patients with ESD. However, we observed different effect sizes in the esophagus, stomach, and colorectum.
International Microsurgery Club: An Effective Online Collaboration System
Authors: Tang Evelyn Ting-Hsuan , Goh Mei , Goh Raymond , Ghoraba Samir M. , Shafarenko Mark , Hung Pei-Tzu , Huang Jung-Ju , Chu Cheng-Fong , Kwon Soo-Ha , Hsu Angela Ting-Wei , Lin Jennifer An-Jou , Lee Che-Hsiung , Chang Tommy Nai-Jen 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background This study aimed to determine if International Microsurgery Club (IMC) is an effective online resource for microsurgeons worldwide, in providing an avenue for timely group discussions and advice regarding complicated cases, and an avenue for collaboration and information sharing.
Methods All posts on the IMC Facebook group from member 1 to 8,000 were analyzed according to inclusion criteria and categorized into three categories—case discussion, question, and information sharing. Posts were retrospectively analyzed for number of responses, time of responses, number of “likes,” number of treatment options, time of day, and demographics of authors and responders.
Results A retrospective analysis of 531 cases showed an average response rate of 75.7% within 1 hour and as membership grew. The response rate stabilized averaging between 72.5 and 78% across all times of the day. An average of 11.8 microsurgeons was involved per case discussion, and 5.7 treatment options were provided per case.
Conclusion IMC is shown to be an effective resource to allow microsurgeons to access timely advice from other microsurgeons without time and distance limitation, and to have interactive group discussions on complicated cases.
Protection against Haemophilus influenzae Type B, Diphtheria, and Tetanus in Children from Major Cities of Pakistan: A Community-Based Study
Authors: Saqib Muhammad Arif Nadeem , Rafique Ibrar , Ullah Obaid , Irshad Rabia , Javed Najma , Khan Aftab , Firdous Rukhsana , Raza Ali , Afzal Muhammad Sohail 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective Pentavalent vaccine has been introduced in Pakistan against tetanus, diphtheria, Haemophilus influenzae type B (HiB), pertussis, and hepatitis B virus.
Methods This study was designed to determine protection against diphtheria, tetanus, and HiB in children of age 18 to 24 months from community which had received all three doses of pentavalent vaccine.
Results Overall, 97% were having immunity against HiB, 97% against tetanus, and 88% against diphtheria. Our study showed that children aged 18 to 24 months in Pakistan have high level of protection against HiB and tetanus. However, the protection for diphtheria was low in 40% of children which could be improved by adding a booster dose of diphtheria.
Conclusion By increasing the vaccine coverage among children, the burden of these diseases can be reduced in the future.
Na kaza, greza kung stradu
Authors: Wong Kevin Martens 
Published: February 2020

AbstractKristang is the critically endangered heritage language of the Portuguese-Eurasian community in Singapore. Using newly-identified mentions of Kristang in the Singapore National Library Board’s NewspaperSG digitised collection, I present a preliminary sketch of a hitherto-undocumented and previously poorly understood part of Kristang’s history in Singapore between the 1880s and the late 1920s, demonstrating that, in addition to the use of Kristang in religious functions, there existed a vibrant Kristang theatre scene involving multiple Eurasian theatre troupes performing in Kristang. This in turn has allowed for a more coherent understanding of Kristang’s historical domains of use and the place of the language and speech community in multilingual colonial Singapore, especially in terms of its relationship with the various hybridised theatrical forms developing throughout Southeast Asia in the second half of the nineteenth century, and a revised understanding of Kristang’s history in Singapore overall.
Towards a functional literacy approach to teach the language of science in the Singapore classroom
Authors: Adams Jonathon , Lim Fei Victor 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper describes a pilot study exploring how an approach drawing on systemic functional linguistics can inform science
teaching. This study is an exploratory effort between researchers from a linguistics background and secondary school science teachers in the
Singapore science classroom. The teachers designed activities in the joint construction of texts to support students’ negotiation of
meanings and clarification of conceptual understandings. With this, the teachers applied strategies to draw attention to the
language of science in their lessons. The study points to the value of the functional literacy approach in science teaching and presents
implications on teacher professional learning as well as the role of linguistics in developing disciplinary literacy in students.
A Mechanical Model of Carbon Fiber Composite Materials based on Interfacial Effect
Authors: Wu Jing , Zhang Xiangming 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The carbon fiber cement has compression sensibility. In this paper, the compression sensitivity of carbon fiber concrete is analyzed based on shear-lag theory and single fiber pull-out testing on the basis of predecessors’ researches. The results show that the change in interface resistance plays an important role on the change in resistance. The resistance increases with interfacial strain increasing. In the meanwhile, it is shown that the present research provides a comprehensive understanding on compression sensitivity of carbon fiber concrete.
Effect of SiC on the dielectric and microwave absorption performance of F-doped Si3N4 ceramics in X-band
Authors: Saleem Adil , Zhang Yujun , Gong Hongyu , Majeed Muhammad K , Lin Xiao , Zeeshan Ashfaq M , Xinfeng Zhang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this study, silicon carbide reinforced silicon nitride (SiC/Si3N4) ceramics were fabricated by hot press (HP) sintering with the addition of fluorides (F=AlF3, MgF2). In order to investigate the dielectric and microwave (MW) absorption properties of SiC/Si3N4 ceramics in X-band, various concentrations of silicon carbide (SiC) have been used. The results demonstrate a complete phase transformation and the intergranular behavior of the SiC/Si3N4 ceramics with large and irregular grains of β−Si3N4. The relative complex permittivity and dielectric loss tangent increase significantly with the increasing fraction of SiC. The Cole-Cole semicircle analysis for SiC/Si3N4 ceramics shows a ternary dielectric behavior with the addition of SiC. Meanwhile, the reflection loss (RL) decreases with the increase of SiC content and the lowest value of RL was achieved −8.2 dB at 12.4 GHz, which reveal a favorable prospect as MW absorbers.
Research on Influence Law of Explosion Load on New Subway Cross-structure
Authors: Chengfei Fan , Bukui Zhou , Xigui Tao , Lubo Hao , Xiaochen Zhang , Chaofeng Li 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In order to reveal the influence law of explosion load when new subway under-crossing existing subway, the research with the method of combining theoretical calculation and numerical simulation was developed. With theoretical calculation method, the reasonable structural parameters and material parameters were chose, then the equivalent static load of under-crossing structure was obtained at the condition of explosion wave. By using the ANASYS/LS-DYNA software, the propagation law of explosion wave and the load change law of structure were simulated in four different models. Through comparison analysis, it showed the theoretical calculation method and numerical simulation method were rational, and the influence that existing subway on new under-crossing subway was only about the explosion wave propagation velocity except the explosion wave form and amplitude value, and the influence that new under-crossing subway on existing subway about explosion wave was very small. It provided a theoretical basis for design and construction for new under-crossing subway.
Reinforcement research of a built project due to functional transformation
Authors: Luo Guo Bo , Pan Zheng Bin , Yang Xue Rui 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
According to the functional requirements, the construction unit intends to dismantle the 7/B and 8/B columns of the first to second floors of a Renovation of an existing project. The force of the structure has changed after the demolition, and the structure needs to be strengthened.In this paper, 7/AC and 8/AC beams of Negative third floors are reinforced with an enlarged section. After the section is enlarged, the negative moment reinforcement of adjacent beams 7/C-D and 8/C-D do not meet the requirements. The two beams has being enlarged the section at the upper part. Due to the large cross-sectional area of the beam after reinforcement, in order to form a strong column weak beam, the beam lower column 7/A, 8/A, 7/C, 8/C is strengthened by the enlarged section method, and the section is enlarged to make the column line stiffness Greater than the beam line stiffness.The carbon fiber sheet is pasted for reinforced with the beam-slab members in the range of 6-7/A-C and 8-9/A-C. According to the experience calculation, the reinforcement effect is better and meets the requirements of the force.
Research on anti-floating reinforcement of an existing project
Authors: Huang Yu Han , Pan Zheng Bin , Luo Guo Bo , Chen Long 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Due to the lack of structural anti-floating, a certain part of the main structure has cracks, and the structure needs to be reinforced by buoyancy to make the project meet the requirements.After research, the Negative second floor of the original structure is reinforced with add the anti-floating anchors, apply pressure grouting for cracks in the plate, Paste carbon fiber cloth for the bottom of the plate and the damaged shear wall, externally-paste profile steel for the damaged column, and paste Carbon fiber sheet attached to damaged beam.the calculated of shear bearing and flexural capacity show that the board meets the requirements.
Determination of expansion pressure of heat exchange based on three material models
Authors: Li Xianzhang , Yang Lianfa , Jiang Jingyu , Huang Jinjie 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The hydraulic expansion of the heat exchange tube-to-tubesheet is to apply the liquid pressure to expand the inner wall of the tube uniformly through the device. It make the tube wall deformed and contact the tube sheet. The expansion pressure which affects the quality of the expansion of the heat exchanger is one of the important factors for the hydraulic expansion of the heat exchanger. Therefore, in order to meet the expansion requirements, it is necessary to determine the expansion pressure of the heat exchange. The determination of hydraulic expansion pressure by some scholars are introduced in this paper.
Mechanical Properties of an Eco-friendly Concrete with partial replacement of POC and Rubber
Authors: Espinoza A , Jiménez B , Rodríguez J , Eyzaguirre C 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Concrete plants consume 10 billion tons of natural aggregates annually from quarries and gravel plants for produce concrete, this demand requires exploiting natural resources from mountains and rivers producing an ecological imbalance. One solution is to use Palm Oil Clinker (POC), which is eliminated in large quantities in the dumps and rivers without taking advantage of its puzolanic, binding and resistance properties as an aggregate in the concrete; another alternative is to apply rubber from abandoned and discarded tires as waste in landfills or burned, without taking advantage of its performance of improvement in concrete, increasing its resistance to impact and fatigue. Unable to find joint POC and rubber information, this research studies its influence replacing 2.5% rubber (grained and crushed) with 10%, 12.5% and 15% POC in the fine aggregate on traditional concrete; results indicate that with 12.5% of POC as the ideal percentage, the compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength rise between 2.16 - 9.54%, so the concrete obtained has a cost of less than 4.09% and has 3.65% less CO2 emission.
Research on Attenuating Mechanism of Wave-eliminating Interceptor on Explosion shock wave in Tunnel Engineering
Authors: Chengfei Fan , Kezhi Yang , Wei Mao , Jinghua Huang , Xinwei Liu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The research on the explosion shock wave propagation and attenuation technology in tunnel engineering had been a hot issue at home and abroad. The installation of a series of wave-eliminating interceptor in tunnel engineering was beneficial to attenuate explosion shock wave in tunnel engineering. It was rapidly achieved to attenuate the explosion shock wave. In this paper, based on the clarification of the propagation law explosion shock wave in air, explosion load in tunnel engineering was analysed. And the waveform characteristics and propagation law of explosion shock wave were revealed. Then the rectification mechanism was got. The interaction between the explosion shock wave and the interceptor was analysed. Then the reflection mechanism and the disturbing mechanism were obtained. With the numerical simulation method, the propagation law of explosion shock wave under different angles of the interceptor was studied. The attenuation law of explosion shock wave was revealed. The optimal angle of interceptor was achieved.
Analysis of Insulation Structure Design for High Altitude UHV Reactor Bushing
Authors: Shiling Zhang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The ultra high voltage reactor bushing is the important equipment to realize the electrical connection between the reactor and the valve tower. The high altitude application environment puts forward higher requirement for electrical structure design of reactor bushing. The paper mainly discusses the design of the internal and external insulation structure. The design and analysis of the tail of the bushing, the corona ring and the inner insulation of bushing have been done. The three dimensional electric field simulation model has been set up to calculate and analyze the insulation performance of the bushing. The results show that the elevation correction of the external ring and the flash-over voltage of the porcelain under high altitude should be done, and the calculation shows that the correction coefficient are 2.07 and 1.36 respectively, and the end of bushing should install with double type ring. The insulation distance of the hollow composite insulator is designed as 8500mm. The insulation distance of the bushing tail is designed as 1955mm. The maximum field strength of the corona ring is 1.251kV⋅mm−1, and maximum field strength on the surface of tail corona ring is 16.96kV⋅mm−1. The axial field strength of the bushing core near center conductor is higher than the flange side, and the maximum field strength is 0.55kV⋅mm−1. The results of the paper can provide the theoretical basis for the design of the insulation of the reactor transformer bushing used in the UHV transmission project.
Empirical and Numerical Finite-Element-Based Model to Improve Narrow Vein Mine Design in Peruvian Mining
Authors: Belizario-Calsin M , Condori-Cardenas R , Pehovaz-Alvarez H , Raymundo-Ibañez C , Perez Moises 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a numerical finite-element-based model aimed at optimizing narrow-vein stope stability. This model combines empirical and numerical methods to develop a sequence, which may determine an acceptable stope safety factor. A stope stability analysis was conducted through the Mathews stability graph method, which requires two factors: the hydraulic radius (HR) and stability number (N’). The Mathews stability graph method is used to assess the stability of an underground design. Variations in stope dimensions are estimated by changing the HR and Factor A within the N’, which is determined through numerical methods. The results of the numerical simulation indicate that the HR increases with an increase in stope dimensions, while Factor A maintains an inverse relationship with the maximum stress induced on the excavation walls. This document demonstrates the potential of combining empirical and numerical methods in stope design optimization, especially when developed in small narrow vein mines.
Optimal mesh design methodology considering geometric parameters for rock fragmentation in open-pit mining in the Southern Andes of Peru
Authors: Zamora-Paredes V , Arauzo-Gallardo L , Raymundo-Ibañez C , Perez Moises 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Blasting is one of the most important stages in the productive process of a mine due to its direct impact on rock fragmentation, which determines the degree of productivity of operations and the extraction costs generated. In this scenario, an optimized methodology is presented for designing blasting meshes by using mathematical models that help calculate the geometric parameters of a blasting mesh, such as burden, considering the variables of the rock mass and the type of explosive to measure its impact on rock fragmentation and loading productivity (tons/hour). The main advantage of this method is the reliability of the design, which takes into account a greater number of variables that influence fragmentation and uses the principle of distribution and amount of energy in an optimal way. The results obtained in the case of application show that a change in design (2.7 x 2.7 square mesh to 2.2 x 2.5 triangular mesh) reduces P80 by 65%, from 17 to 6 inches, approximately. Additionally, the results show that greater operational efficiency was achieved by increasing excavator productivity by approximately 15.6%.
Optimized Method of Estimating Mineral Reserves Using the O’Hara Mathematical Model for Underground Mining in Peru
Authors: Torres-Sanchez V , Olivas-Maldonado P , Diaz-Huaina G , Raymundo-Ibañez C , Perez Moises 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This research project is aimed at applying the proposed methodology to optimize the calculation of mining reserves using an empirical relationship for dilution, as proposed by O’Hara. This methodology uses three key parameters: dilution, mineral value, and total costs. In general, costs include mining costs, processing within plants, and administrative expenses related to producing a mineralized block. Similarly, to calculate the mineral value, studies on changes in mineral prices over the last 30 years were included to provide more representative values. The research was applied to mineralized block number 1000, which yielded positive results since dilution could be easily calculated using three key parameters: operating method, dip, and vein width. The dilution value of 12.25% was valid, as it was within the range of 10% to 23%. This range was considered based on other studies that apply this operating method. Then, the methodology was analyzed in three more settings, each represented by a mineralized block. The blocks assessed were 1001, 1002, and 1003, and the results indicated that the dilution found was acceptable at values of 18%, 19%, and 22%, respectively.
Research on key technology of jacking cable tunnel construction in mudstone and gravel composite stratum
Authors: Liu Kelong , Lu Zhiming , He Chunguang , Zhong Xiaoxing , Jiao Yang , Fan Liangzhong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the key technology of jacking cable tunnel construction in mudstone and gravel composite stratum is studied. According to the conditions of the jacking cable tunnel crossing the mudstone gravel composite stratum, the selection of the jacking method, the design of the relay and the construction technology of the mud jacket were analyzed. This has important practical significance for promoting the construction of ecological underground engineering and reducing the impact of underground crossing construction on the ground environment and underground environment. It also has great social and economic benefits.