bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Frailty in Aortic Valve Surgery
Authors: berastegui elisabet , CAmara Maria Luisa , Moret Enrique , Casas Irma , Badia Sara , Gallego Claudio FErnandez , Delgado Luis , Julia Ignasi , Llorens Anna , Romero Bernat , Guijosa Christian Muñoz 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Frailty is a geriatric syndrome that diminishes potential functional recovery after any surgical procedure. Preoperative surgical risk assessment is crucial to calibrate the risk and benefit of cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to test usefulness of FRAIL Scale and other surgical-risk-scales and individual features of frailty. Methods: Prospective study. From May-2014 to February-2016, we collected 200 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement, either surgically or transcatheter. At 1-year follow-up, quality of life measurements were recorded using the EQ-5D (EuroQol). Univariate and multivariate analyses correlated preoperative condition, features of frailty and predicted risk scores with mortality, morbidity and quality of life at 1 year of follow-up. Results: Mean age 78.2y, 56%male. Mean-preoperative-scores: FRAIL scale 1.5(SD 1.02), STS 2.9(SD 1.13), BI 93.8(SD 7.3), ESlog I 12.8(SD 8.5) and GS 7.3s (SD 1.9). Morbidity at discharge, 6 m and 1 year was 51%, 14% and 28%. Mortality 4%. Survival at 6m/ 1-y was 97% / 88%. Complication-rate was higher in TAVI group due to-vascular complications. Renal dysfunction, anemia, social dependence and GS slower than 7 seconds were associated with morbidity. On multivariate analysis adjusted STS, BI and GS speed were statistically significant. Quality of life at 1-year follow-up adjusted for age and prosthesis type showed a significant association with STS and FRAIL scale scores.Conclusions: Frailty increases surgical risk and is associated with higher morbidity. Preoperative GS slower 7 s, and STS and FRAIL scale scores seem to be reliable predictors of quality of life at 1-year follow-up.
Prognostic nomogram for predicting long-term cancer-specific survival in patients with lung carcinoid tumors
Authors: He Yanqi , Zhao Feng , Han Qingbing , Zhou Yiwu , Zhao Shuang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Lung carcinoid is a rare malignant tumor with poor survival. The current study aimed to build a nomogram model for predicting cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with lung carcinoid tumors. Methods A total of 1,956 patients diagnosed with primary lung carcinoid tumors were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The specific predictors of CSS for lung carcinoid tumors were identified and integrated to build a nomogram. Validation of the nomogram was conducted using parameters concordance index (C-index), calibration plots, decision curve analyses (DCAs), and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Age at diagnosis, grade, histological type, N stage, M stage, surgery of the primary site, radiation of the primary site, and tumor size were independent prognostic factors of CSS. High discriminative accuracy of the nomogram model was shown in the training cohort (C-index = 0.873), which was also testified in the internal validation cohort (C-index = 0.861). In both cohorts, the calibration plots showed good concordance between the predicted and observed CSS at 3, 5, and 10 years. The DCA showed great potential for clinical application. The ROC curve showed superior survival predictive ability of the nomogram model (area under the curve = 0.868). Conclusions We developed a practical nomogram that provided independent predictions of CSS for patients with lung carcinoid tumors. This nomogram may have the potential to assist clinicians in prognostic evaluations or developing individualized therapies for patients with this neoplasm.
Torque Mechanical Evaluation for 3D Printed Orthodontic Springs with Different Parameters: Invitro Study
Authors: Othman Ahmed , Hartman Steven , Ströbele Dragan , Arnold Jassin , von See Constantin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of the presented investigation is to evaluate the resulting torque on loaded 3D printed springs using different coil thickness and length. Methods: Specimens were designed and printed using the 3D printer MAX (Asiga, Sydney, Australia) with 3D printable, experimental, flexible material (Code:BM2008, GC, Tokyo, Japan). The specimens were divided into three groups according to spring coil design. Control group (n=18), length group (n=19) and thickness group (n=22). Groups were tested using a Sauter Machine for torque calculation (DB, Grindelwald, Switzerland) in conjunction with a universal testing machine (Zwick Z010, Ulm, Germany) for clock-wise and anti-clockwise testing. Statistical analysis was performed using the Steel-Dwass test to compare median values of the three groups in both testing directions (p<0.001). Results: The highest torque value was determined in the thickness group for both clockwise and anti-clockwise testing directions, achieving 44.00N/mm and 39.62N/mm respectively. For the thickness group values ranged from 21.28N/mm anti-clockwise to 44.00N/mm clockwise. The length group ranged from 21.65N/mm to 11.04N/mm in clockwise direction and from 18.04N/mm to 11.38N/mm in counter-clockwise testing. The control group ranged from 22.72N/mm to 17.18N/mm in the clock-wise direction while in the anti-clock wise testing it ranged from 21.34N/mm to 16.02N/mm. Conclusions: 3D printed springs are being affected by diameter than length as a design parameter compared to the control group. The thickness group values are statistically significant than the length group (P<0.001). Key words: CAD/CAM, 3D printing, Digital Orthodontics, Torque, Springs.
Cumulative, high-stress calls impacting adverse events among law enforcement and the public
Authors: Jetelina Katelyn K , Beauchamp Alaina M , Gonzalez Jennifer Reingle , Molsberry Rebecca J , Bishopp Steven A. , Lee Simon Craddock 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : The unpredictable, and sometimes dangerous, nature of the occupation exposes officers to both acute and chronic stress over law enforcement officers’ tenure. The purpose of this study is two-fold: 1) Describe multi-level characteristics that define high-stress calls for service for LEO; and 2) Characterize factors that impact cumulative stress over the course of a LEO’s shift. Methods : Qualitative data were collected from 31 LEOs at three law enforcement agencies in the Dallas-Fort Worth areas from April 2019 to February 2020. Focus group data were iteratively coded by four coders using inductive and deductive thematic identification. Results : Five multi-level factors influenced officer stress: 1) officer characteristics (e.g. military experience; gender); 2) civilian behavior (e.g. resistance, displaying a weapon); 3) supervisor factors (micromanagement); 4) environmental factors (e.g. time of year); and, 5) situational factors (e.g. audience present; complexity of calls). Four themes that characterized cumulative stress: 1) cyclical risk; 2) accelerators; 3) decelerators; and 4) experience of an adverse event. Conclusions : LEOs become susceptible to adverse events (e.g. injury, excessive use of force) after repeated exposure to high-stress calls for service. If no adverse event occurs, ongoing exposures to stress continue to occur throughout the shift. Our long-term goal is to interrupt this repetitive, cumulative process by restricting the number of consecutive high-risk, high-intensity calls an officer is permitted to respond to.
The Vietnamese Version of the Nursing Critical Thinking in Clinical Practice Questionnaire: Translation and Psychometric Evaluation
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Van , Liu Hsueh-Erh 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Many instruments measure critical thinking ability in nursing education. The Nursing Critical Thinking in Clinical Practice Questionnaire (N-CT-4 Practice) is a new tool to measure the level of critical thinking ability of nurses in a clinical setting. However, no study has evaluated the psychometric properties of the N-CT-4 Practice in Vietnam. Therefore, this study translated and evaluated the validity and reliability of the Vietnamese version of the Nursing Critical Thinking in Clinical Practice Questionnaire (V-N-CT-4 Practice). Results: The V-N-CT-4 Practice questionnaire retained the meaning of the original English version and was clear, explicit and easy for nurses to understand. The item content validity index of the V-N-CT-4 Practice was 1.0. The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scales was .98. The intraclass correlation coefficient was .81. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that this Vietnamese version fit the proposed model. Conclusions: The findings suggested that the V-N-CT-4 Practice has acceptable reliability and validity for Vietnamese nurses in a clinical setting. Nurse managers and educators can use the V-N-CT-4 Practice to measure the level of critical thinking ability of Vietnamese clinical nurses and make international comparisons possible.
Comparative transcriptome profiling provides insights into endocarp lignification of walnut (Juglans Regia L.)
Authors: Wu Xiaoting , Zhang Zechao , Sun Mintao , An Xiuhong , Zhao Shugang , Qi Yingbin , Zhang Zhihua , Wang Hongxia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Lignin is the main component of walnut endocarp, although we know little about the molecular mechanism of lignin formation in walnut endocarp. To understand the molecular mechanisms behind the two kinds of walnut phenotype and explore the genes involved into lignin formation, transcriptome sequencing was conducted in the walnut endocarp of the ‘Zanmei’ (ZM) and ‘Liaoning 7’ (L7) cultivars, which have different endocarp thicknesses. Compared with L7 walnut endocarp, the endocarp of ZM walnut is thicker, which decreases dehiscent nuts and compromised kernels.Results There are more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the ZM walnut cultivar. The DEGs involved in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were significantly upregulated in both cultivars 45 days after full bloom (DAFB), but more genes were upregulated in ZM than in L7. Moreover, the same DEGs showed different expression levels in the two cultivars. Most of the key genes in ZM had more different multiples than those in L7. Interestingly, when qRT-PCR was used to determine the expression of the key genes in different development stages of the two varieties, the expression patterns were different from those known in other species. Furthermore, transcription factors regulating secondary cell wall and lignin biosynthesis were identified. Quantitative real-time PCR results were consistent with transcriptome data.Conclusion In this study, transcriptome analysis was used to understand the molecular mechanisms of lignin formation in two walnut cultivars with different shell thickness. Several important key genes in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway were significantly different in the two cultivars, which may be the reason for the phenotypic differences. The analysis of transcription factors revealed that the regulation network in endocarp of walnut may be different from that of drupe such as apricot or peach. This study provides important candidate genes for exploring the complicated metabolic processes involved in the formation of walnut lignin.
Observations from a Delphi Survey of administrators of U.S. nursing homes on oral neglect guidelines: a brief report
Authors: Katz Ralph V , Casey Sharon M , Smith Barbara J , Huang Shulamite 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective: The goal of this Delphi survey was to obtain the opinion of the chief/head administrators of nationally recognized award-winning Long-Term Care (LTC) nursing homes in the U.S. regarding previously established Oral Neglect in Institutionalized Elderly (ONiIE) timelines.Results: Only two of the 56 invited expert panelists completed Round 1 of this ONiIE Delphi survey, despite the use of several methodologic approaches to facilitate their participation. Despite their impeccable credentials as dedicated, highly accomplished administrators of LTC nursing facilities across the U.S., this pool of potential chief/head LTC administrators panelists (unlike previously surveyed national expert panels of other key stakeholders, such as academic geriatric dentists, physician and nurses) abrogated their professional responsibility to the vulnerable elderly under their care by, essentially, refusing to participate in this survey, i.e., by refusing to ‘voice their opinion’ as one key stakeholder in this much needed discussion.
Efficacy of Phage Cocktail AB-SA01 Therapy in Diabetic Mouse Wound Infections Caused by Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Kifelew Legesse Garedew , Warner Morgyn S. , Morales Sandra , Vaughan Lewis , Woodman Richard , Fitridge Robert , Mitchell James G. , Speck Peter 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus. Antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is frequently isolated from DFU infections. Bacteriophages (“phages”) represent an alternative or adjunct treatment to antibiotic therapy. Here we describe the efficacy of AB-SA01, a cocktail of three S. aureus Myoviridae phages, made to current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) standards, and which has undergone two phase I trials, in treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. aureus infections.Methods: Using a diabetic mouse model, bilateral six-millimetre excisional deep skin wounds inflicted on the dorsum of Balb/c mice were infected with 6.7 log10 colony-forming units (CFU) of clinical MDR S. aureus. Infections were treated topically with AB-SA01, or controls: saline, or saline plus intraperitoneal (IP) vancomycin. Bacterial load and wound healing parameters were used to assess treatment efficacy.Results: Wounds of saline-treated mice showed no healing, but expanded and became inflamed, ulcerated, and suppurating. In contrast, AB-SA01 treatment decreased the bacterial load with efficacy similar or superior to vancomycin treatment. In phage-treated mice, wound healing was seen similar to vancomycin treatment. No adverse effects related to the application of phages were observed.Conclusion: Our results suggest that topical phage cocktail treatment may be effective in treating antibiotic-resistant S. aureus DFU infections.
A tool to evaluate proportionality and necessity in the use of restrictive practices in forensic mental health settings: The DRILL tool (Dundrum Restriction, Intrusion and Liberty Ladders).
Authors: Kennedy Harry G , Mullaney Ronan , McKenna Paul , Thompson John , Timmons David , Gill Pauline , O'Sullivan Owen P , Braham Paul , Duffy Dearbhla , Kearns Anthony , Linehan Sally , Mohan Damian , Monks Stephen , McLoughlin Lisa , O'Connell Paul , O'Neill Conor , Wright Brenda , O'Reilly Ken , Davoren Mary 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Prevention of violence due to severe mental disorders in psychiatric hospitals may require intrusive, restrictive and coercive therapeutic practices. Research concerning appropriate use of such interventions is limited by lack of a system for description and measurement. We set out to devise and validate a tool for clinicians and secure hospitals to assess necessity and proportionality between imminent violence and restrictive practices including de-escalation, seclusion, restraint, forced medication and others. Methods: In this retrospective observational cohort study, 28 patients on a 12 bed male admissions unit in a secure psychiatric hospital were assessed daily for six months. Data on adverse incidents were collected from case notes, incident registers and legal registers. Using the functional assessment sequence of antecedents, behaviours and consequences (A, B, C) we devised and applied a multivariate framework of structured professional assessment tools, common adverse incidents and preventive clinical interventions to develop a tool to analyse clinical practice. We validated by testing assumptions regarding the use of restrictive and intrusive practices in the prevention of violence in hospital. We aimed to provide a system for measuring contextual and individual factors contributing to adverse events and to assess whether the measured seriousness of threating and violent behaviours is proportionate to the degree of restrictive interventions used. General Estimating Equations tested preliminary models of contexts, decisions and pathways to interventions. Results: A system for measuring adverse behaviours and restrictive, intrusive interventions for prevention had good internal consistency and inter-rater reliability. Interventions were proportionate to seriousness of harmful behaviours. A ‘Pareto’ group of patients (5/28) were responsible for the majority (80%) of adverse events, outcomes and interventions. The seriousness of the precipitating events correlated with the degree of restrictions utilised to safely manage or treat such behaviours. Conclusion: Observational scales can be used for restrictive, intrusive or coercive practices in psychiatry even though these involve interrelated complex sequences of interactions. The DRILL tool has been validated to assess the necessity and demonstrate proportionality of restrictive practices. This tool will be of benefit to services when reviewing practices internally, for mandatory external reviewing bodies and for future clinical research paradigms.
The circulating levels of CTRP5 and the ratio of CTRP1 to CTRP5 plasma levels are significant predictors for cIMT value in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Majidi Ziba , Omidifar Abolfazl , Emamgholipour Solaleh , Fard Soheil Rahmani , Poustchi Hossein , Shanaki Mehrnoosh 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background There is growing evidence that C1qTNF-related protein (CTRP) family has crucial role in physiology and pathophysiology of metabolic disorders such as Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and obesity. We sought to identify the association of CTRP1 and CTRP5 circulating levels with various obesity parameters such as visceral adipose tissue (VAT) thickness, visceral adiposity index (VAI) and with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in patients with T2D and healthy subjects. Methods This case- control study recruited 42 T2D patients and 42 healthy adults (all men). cIMT and VAT thickness measurement were performed using an Accuvix XQ ultrasound. Circulating CTRP1 and CTRP5 concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results CTRP-1 and CTRP1/CTRP5 ratio were markedly higher in patients with T2D compared to controls (p < 0001 and p < 0004 respectively). Interestingly, binominal logistic regression revealed that higher circulating level of CTRP1 was associated with presence of T2D (odds ratio [OR]: 13203.554 [95% CI: 65.186-2674407.708]; P=.000). When considering the study population as a whole, CTRP1 circulating levels were correlated with WHR, VAT and HOMA-IR. In addition, we observed that the ratio of CTRP1 to CTRP5 plasma levels (β = 0.648, P=0.005) and CTRP5 circulating levels (β = 0.4 44, P=0.049) are significant predictors for cIMT value. Conclusions Our results indicated that CTRP1 and CTRP5 concentrations were correlated with atherosclerosis in human subjects and these adipokines might have a causal role for cardiometabolic risk in type 2 diabetes disease
A multi-centered, retrospective, descriptive study on 107 dead patients with COVID-19
Authors: zhang chong , Wu Minhao , Zhu Xiaobin , wu meng , zhu yufan , li kun , deng zhouming , xie yuanlong , cai lin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Since the emergence of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan city, Hubei Province, China, it has caused thousands of deaths. As the ongoing outbreak of COVID-19 around the world, the number of deaths will definitely continue to increase. We aimed to further describe the clinical characteristics of dead cases with COVID-19 through a large sample and multi-centered study and to find some clinical predictors for the deterioration of COVID-19 during the process.

Methods
One hundred and seven patients (16 patients from Lei Shen-Shan Hospital, 54 patients from Seventh Hospital of Wuhan and 37 patients from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University) with COVID-19 were enrolled in our research from Jan 22 to Feb 29, 2020. The demographic, clinical, radiological, laboratory and treatment data of all cases were analysed.

Results
Of the 107 dead patients with COVID-19, 71 (66.4%) were male and 36 (33.6%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 71.2 ± 12.1 years. 82 (76.6%) of patients had chronic diseases. The mean duration from admission to death was 9 (IQR,5-14) days. Respiratory functional damage was the most common one followed by heart and kidney. Hematuria was found in 36(33.6%) patients. 89(83.2%) patients’ albumin levels were decreased. 68(63.6%) patients had anemia. concerning laboratory results, 55 (69.6%) and 56 (70.1%) patients have the elevated white blood cells and elevated Neutrophils during the process; only 43 (54.4%) have the decreased Lymphocytes; The values of platelets and haemoglobin decreased in 64(81.0%) and 58 (73.4%) patients. Alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase elevated in near half of patients, while almost 80% of patients have the decreased albumin. The elevated blood urea nitrogen and cystatin C were manifested in about 70% of patients. Procalcitonin was elevated in 38 (71.7%) patients.

Conclusions
In conclusion, the older men with chronic diseases are more likely to die from COVID-19. Apart from that, more attention should be pay on timely treatment, coinfections, malnutrition, and dysfunction of kidney and coagulation. The rising values (white blood cell, blood urea nitrogen, cystatin C, PCT and PT) and the decreased values (PLT, Hb and albumin) maybe meaningful for predict the poor prognosis.
Is fibroid location associated with hemorrhage and complication rates following laparoscopic myomectomy?
Authors: Aslan Kiper , Orhan Adnan , Turkgeldi Engin , Suer Ebru , Duzok Nergis , Ozerkan Kemal , Ata Baris , Uncu Gurkan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective To determine whether hemorrhage and complication rates vary according location of the dominant fibroid following laparoscopic myomectomy. Background Laparoscopic myomectomy is associated with less postoperative pain, analgesic requirement, shorter hospitalization period, and less febrile complications when compared to conventional laparotomy. Despite the advantages, complications like hemorrhage, blood transfusion, bowel and urinary tract injury and conversion to laparotomy may be seen in laparoscopic myomectomy. We don’t know whether fibroid location effect these complications. Materials & Methods Women, who underwent laparoscopic myomectomy at two different tertiary academic hospitals, were analyzed retrospectively. Only women with at least one intramural fibroid (Monroe type 3, 4 or 5) were included. Patients were categorized according to localization of the dominant fibroid, i.e. anterior uterine wall, posterior uterine wall, and fundus. Change in hemoglobin levels before and after surgery, and complication rates were compared across categories. Results 219 women with mean age of 35.7 +/-6 years were included. There were 81 women with fundal fibroid, 56 with anterior wall, and 72 with posterior wall fibroid. Other 10 women with intraligamentary and isthmic fibroid were excluded. The mean fibroid diameter was 6.7 ± 2.6, 6.6 ± 2.3, and 6.7 ± 2.3 cm in the fundal, anterior and posterior groups, respectively (p=0.9). The median (25 th – 75 th percentile) changes in hemoglobin levels were 1.5 (0.8 – 2.2), 1.3 (0.6 – 2.1), and 1.3 (0.9 – 2) g/dl in fundal, anterior and posterior wall groups, respectively (p = 0.55). There were 5 (6.2%), 5 (8.9%), and 2 (2.8%) complications in fundal, anterior, and posterior wall groups, respectively (p = 0.33). Conclusion Incidence of hemorrhage or complication does not seem to vary depending on fibroid location. However, the sample size was limited, the observed values suggest that fibroid location does not affect hemorrhage and complication rates.