bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maturity of Hairtail Varies with Latitude and Environment in the East China Sea
Authors: Jin Yan , Liu Zun-lei , Yan Li-ping , Yuan Xing-wei , Cheng Jia-Hua 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Early maturity of economically important fish has become a global issue, which might affect the reproductive potential of fish stocks. We used the samples that were collected in a fisheries-independent survey in the East China Sea annually around the end of August from 2002 to 2017 to investigate the maturation progress of female Hairtail Trichiurus japonicus in response to (1) spatial variation, (2) environmental variation, and (3) CPUE. The preliminary analysis indicated that the gonads of Hairtail in the southern area and the northern area began to develop at similar anal length (around 140–150 mm), but the development was faster in the southern area than in the northern area. The proportion of matured fish was significantly higher in the southern area than in the northern area in the group of fish with 170–210 mm anal length. Based on generalized additive models, we found that temperature and CPUE could affect the maturation schedules of female Hairtail in the East China Sea. The relationship between sea surface temperature and the probability of maturity was close to an s-curve, while the stock density had an approximately negative effect on the degree of precocious puberty.
A Distinct EEG Marker of Celiac Disease‐Related Cortical Myoclonus
Authors: Swinkin Emily , Lizárraga Karlo J. , Algarni Musleh , Garcia Dominguez Luis , Baarbé Julianne K. , Saravanamuttu James , Chen Robert , Slow Elizabeth , Lang Anthony E. , Wennberg Richard A. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundCeliac disease is associated with motor cortex hyperexcitability and neurological manifestations including cortical myoclonus. Electroencephalography abnormalities have been described, but no distinct pattern has been reported.MethodsWe describe the neurophysiological characteristics of 3 patients with celiac‐associated cortical myoclonus using electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, and transcranial magnetic stimulation.ResultsElectroencephalography in all cases demonstrated lateralized low‐amplitude, electropositive beta‐frequency polyspike activity over the central head region, corresponding to motor cortex contralateral to the myoclonic limb. Jerk‐locked back‐averaging demonstrated a preceding cortical potential; magnetoencephalography source localization revealed a cortical generator in the posterior wall of the precentral gyrus for the back‐averaged potential and oscillatory abnormality. In 1 patient, cerebellar inhibition of the motor cortex was physiologically normal.ConclusionsCentral head oscillatory, low‐amplitude, electropositive electroencephalography polyspike activity may be a distinct marker of celiac‐related cortical myoclonus and is consistent with celiac‐related motor cortex hyperexcitability, which may not necessarily result from cerebellar disinhibition. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Multi‐organ comparison of flow‐based arterial spin labeling techniques: Spatially non‐selective labeling for cerebral and renal perfusion imaging
Authors: Franklin Suzanne L. , Bones Isabell K. , Harteveld Anita A. , Hirschler Lydiane , van Stralen Marijn , Qin Qin , de Boer Anneloes , Hoogduin Johannes M. , Bos Clemens , van Osch Matthias J. P. , Schmid Sophie 
Published: November 2020

PurposeFlow‐based arterial spin labeling (ASL) techniques provide a transit‐time insensitive alternative to the more conventional spatially selective ASL techniques. However, it is not clear which flow‐based ASL technique performs best and also, how these techniques perform outside the brain (taking into account eg, flow‐dynamics, field‐inhomogeneity, and organ motion). In the current study we aimed to compare 4 flow‐based ASL techniques (ie, velocity selective ASL, acceleration selective ASL, multiple velocity selective saturation ASL, and velocity selective inversion prepared ASL [VSI‐ASL]) to the current spatially selective reference techniques in brain (ie, pseudo‐continuous ASL [pCASL]) and kidney (ie, pCASL and flow alternating inversion recovery [FAIR]).MethodsBrain (n = 5) and kidney (n = 6) scans were performed in healthy subjects at 3T. Perfusion‐weighted signal (PWS) maps were generated and ASL techniques were compared based on temporal SNR (tSNR), sensitivity to perfusion changes using a visual stimulus (brain) and robustness to respiratory motion by comparing scans acquired in paced‐breathing and free‐breathing (kidney).ResultsIn brain, all flow‐based ASL techniques showed similar tSNR as pCASL, but only VSI‐ASL showed similar sensitivity to perfusion changes. In kidney, all flow‐based ASL techniques had comparable tSNR, although all lower than FAIR. In addition, VSI‐ASL showed a sensitivity to B1‐inhomogeneity. All ASL techniques were relatively robust to respiratory motion.ConclusionIn both brain and kidney, flow‐based ASL techniques provide a planning‐free and transit‐time insensitive alternative to spatially selective ASL techniques. VSI‐ASL shows the most potential overall, showing similar performance as the golden standard pCASL in brain. However, in kidney, a reduction of B1‐sensitivity of VSI‐ASL is necessary to match the performance of FAIR.
Use of Acoustic Telemetry to Identify Spawning River and Spawning Migration Patterns of American Shad in the Albemarle Sound, North Carolina
Authors: Mack Kevin , White Holly , Rohde Fred C. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
American Shad Alosa sapidissima is an economically, culturally, and ecologically important anadromous species that undertakes a significant spawning migration, swimming from the ocean into areas far upstream in coastal rivers to reproduce. The species has a large range in the western Atlantic, occurring from Nova Scotia to Florida. However, because American Shad generally return to their natal rivers to spawn, each major river likely has its own spawning stock. Fish that are entering the Albemarle Sound, North Carolina, to spawn primarily ascend one of two rivers at the far western end of the estuary: the Roanoke River or the Chowan River. Determining the current primary spawning river for American Shad in the Albemarle Sound would help inform research efforts and resource management decisions to improve stocks. American Shad were captured in the Albemarle Sound, tagged with sonic transmitters, and tracked using an array of acoustic receivers. Of the 62 fish that made detectable migrations during the six study years, 55 ascended the Chowan River, while only 5 ascended the Roanoke River and 2 entered other rivers. These telemetry results suggest that the Chowan River and its tributaries are the major spawning rivers for American Shad in the Albemarle Sound.
Supplemental Feeding as a Tool in the Development of a Quality Wild Rainbow Trout Fishery
Authors: Owens Stephen J. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Southwest Virginia offers a plethora of fishing opportunities for wild trout (Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis, Brown Trout Salmo trutta, and Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss) in headwater and large valley floor streams. However, low productivity in most area streams, including the South Fork Holston River, limits growth leading to populations where individuals seldom exceed 25 cm. The Buller Fish Hatchery, located in Smyth County, Virginia, offers anglers a unique 1.6-km special-regulation catch-and-release trout fishery on the South Fork Holston River limited to single-hook artificial lures. Historically, this section was dominated by wild Rainbow Trout that seldom reached 25 cm. A supplemental feeding program was initiated by the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources in March 2015 in hopes of significantly increasing the size distribution of Rainbow Trout. This limited feeding program improved the size distribution within the first year, and 24% of Rainbow Trout exceeded 30 cm. Annual monitoring (2015–2018) documented that 17–34% of Rainbow Trout collected at the treatment reach exceeded 30 cm, with densities varying from 215 to 554 fish/km for fish greater than 30 cm. Relative weight greater than 100 shifted from 0% of the population in 2014 to 8–25% of the population in 2015–2018. Rainbow Trout size structure and relative weight remained unchanged during the survey period at the control reach and were lower than at the treatment reach once supplemental feeding began. Annual costs associated with supplemental feeding at this reach were calculated at US$1,271/year and averaged $2.34/fish (&gt;30 cm) within the catch-and-release area. Results suggest that supplemental feeding can be an effective tool for improving wild trout size structure in low-productivity waters. Feeding was not cost prohibitive and was within Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources budget guidelines.
Assessment of Two Techniques for Remediation of Lacustrine Rocky Reef Spawning Habitat
Authors: Gatch Alexander J. , Koenigbauer Scott T. , Roseman Edward F. , Höök Tomas O. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Rocky reef habitats in lacustrine systems constitute important areas for lithophilic-spawning fishes. Interstitial spaces created by the structure of rocky reefs form microenvironments where incubating embryos and juvenile fish are potentially protected from predators and physical displacement. However, if interstitial spaces are filled or blocked by sediment or biofouling, the reef structure may lose these benefits. Common practices to restore reef habitat include augmentation of existing reef structures or construction of new reefs, though these practices can be costly. We explored an alternative approach for reef remediation. In 2018, we developed two benthic sled cleaning devices that used either propulsion or pressurized water jets and were towed behind a small vessel to clean reefs. We used the devices to clean two impaired natural rocky reefs in Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron. We indexed effectiveness of cleaning by measured changes in substrate relative hardness before and after cleaning. A biological response to reef cleaning was also measured by egg deposition of fall (Lake Whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis) and spring (Walleye Sander vitreus) lithophilic spawners. We found that our propulsion cleaning device was more effective in increasing substrate relative hardness than was the water jet device, although this was not consistent among all study locations. We also found that egg deposition on study plots was variable, but in general, egg deposition was highest on study plots that had the greatest increases in relative hardness post-cleaning. The practicality of cleaning devices is likely related to the magnitude of site-specific degradation. Our results indicate that the use of these or similar devices can potentially increase the quality of spawning habitat by displacing sediments that have deposited on reef structures.
Who comes when the world goes Code Blue? A novel method of exploring job advertisements for COVID‐19 in health care
Authors: Watts Rory D. , Bowles Devin C. , Fisher Colleen , Li Ian W. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimTo explore the health workforce responses to COVID‐19.DesignAnalysis of job advertisements.MethodsWe collected advertisements for healthcare jobs which were caused by and in response to COVID‐19 between 4 March–17 April 2020 for the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand. We collected information on the date of the advertisement, position advertised and location. We categorized job positions into three categories: frontline, coordination and decision support.ResultsWe found 952 job advertisements, 72% of which were from the United States. There was a lag period between reported COVID‐19‐confirmed cases and job advertisements by several weeks. Nurses were the most advertised position in every country. Frontline workers were substantially more demanded than coordination or decision‐support roles. Job advertisements are a novel data source which leverages a readily available information about how workforces respond to a pandemic. The initial phases of the response emphasise the importance of frontline workers, especially nurses.
Assessing the Quality of Care Delivered to Transgender and Gender Diverse Patients with Cancer in Ireland: A Case Series
Authors: Moloney Carolyn , Allen Margaret , Power Derek G. , M. Bambury Richard , O'Mahony Deirdre , O'Donnell Dearbhaile M. , O'Reilly Seamus , Collins Dearbhaile C. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Introduction
“Transgender” and “gender diverse” are umbrella terms encompassing those whose gender identities or expressions differ from those typically associated with the sex they were assigned at birth. There is scant global information on cancer incidence, outcome, and mortality for this cohort. This group may present with advanced cancer, have mistrust in health care services and report anxiety and depression at higher frequencies, a finding often seen in marginalized groups because of minority stress.

Materials and Methods
Medical oncologists were contacted by secure email to identify patients who self-identify as transgender and gender diverse in three Irish hospitals. Five patients were identified. A retrospective chart review was conducted and a pseudonymized patient survey was distributed.

Results
All patients included in our chart review (n = 5) were diagnosed with advanced disease on initial diagnosis. Two patients identified as men, two as women, and one as a transwoman. Two of five patients' health record charts reflected a name or gender change. Three patients had gender transitioning treatment postponed. Assessing comorbidities, it was seen that four patients required psychiatry input. Predominant issues noted in our patient survey by the two respondents (n = 2) were “mis-gendering,” lack of a gender-neutral hospital environment, lack of inclusion in cancer groups, and barriers in changing name and/or sex on hospital records.

Conclusion
Components of care requiring revision include patient accessible pathways to change names and gender on health records, earlier access to psychological support and targeted screening and support groups. Resources for hospital staff to improve awareness of correct terminology and to provide gender neutral facilities are worthwhile.

Implications for Practice
The implications for practice on an international level include patient-friendly pathways for changing hospital name and gender so that patients may feel comfortable using wristbands. The need for international screening guidelines for transgender patients and national transgender cancer support groups is highlighted. On a day-to-day level for providers, the correct use of pronouns makes a big difference to patients. Asking about preferred pronoun on first visit and noting on patient's file is worthwhile. It is important for providers to know that increased psychological support should be offered early on first clinic visit and engaged with as necessary when patient has a history of anxiety or depression. Providers should discuss openly that some gender transitioning treatment will be postponed because of cancer care and refer to both the physical and psychological sequelae of this. Asking transgender patients which room or bathroom they would prefer when rooms are gendered is essential.
Trisomy 8 mosaicism in the placenta: A Danish cohort study of 37 cases and a literature review
Authors: Thomsen Simon Horsholt , Lund Ida Charlotte Bay , Fagerberg Christina , Bache Iben , Becher Naja , Vogel Ida 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the risk of fetal involvement when trisomy 8 mosaicism (T8M) is detected in chorionic villus samples (CVS).MethodsA retrospective descriptive study of registered pregnancies in Denmark with T8M in CVS identified through a database search and a review of published cases of T8M found through a systematic literature search and inclusion of cross references. Pregnancies with T8M in CVS and no additional numerical chromosomal aberrations were included.ResultsA total of 37 Danish cases and 60 published cases were included. T8M detected in a CVS was associated with fetal involvement in 18 out of 97 pregnancies (18.6% [95%CI: 11.4–27.7]). Eight out of 70 (11.4% [95%CI: 5.1–21.3]) interpreted prenatally to be confined placental mosaicism (CPM) were subsequently found to be true fetal mosaicisms (TFM).ConclusionT8M detected in CVS poses a significant risk of fetal involvement, and examination of amniotic fluid (AF) and/or fetal tissue should be offered. However, a normal result of AF still has a considerable residual risk of fetal involvement. Genetic counselling at an early gestational age is essential, and follow‐up ultrasonography should be performed to predict fetal involvement if possible.
Characterization and in‐vitro analysis of poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐“Jackfruit” Mucilage blends for tissue engineering applications
Authors: Prakash Anshu , Lata Roselyn , Martens Penny J. , Rohindra David 
Published: November 2020

AbstractJackfruit mucilage (JM) obtained from the fruit, Artocarpus heterophyllus was melt blended with poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL). The physical properties of the blends with more than 60 wt% PCL were investigated. Depression in the equilibrium melting temperature () and the presence of extinction rings in the spherulites of PCL in the blends confirmed miscibility of the two components. The carbonyl and the COC groups of PCL and JM were responsible for the interactions as identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermal stability of PCL decreased marginally in the blends with increasing JM content. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicated that no phase separation occurred. Porosity and the mechanical strength of the blends decreased with increasing JM content. Blends exposed to porcine pancreatic lipase showed enzymatic degradation of JM but not PCL and SEM images showed holes in the sample indicative of selective degradation of JM. Cell growth inhibition technique using the L929 fibroblasts cells showed the degree of inhibition was dependent on the increasing JM content in the blends. Blends with low JM content have the potential to be used for increased cell viability while blends with high JM content can be used for the treatment of cancer.
First‐principles investigations on the ground‐state bulk properties and lattice constant dependent half‐metallic ferrimagnetism of Mn2NbSi full‐Heusler compound
Authors: Liu Lili , Hu Lei , Liu Shanshan , Xiong Jing , Liao Qin , Wen Yufeng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe ground‐state bulk properties and lattice constant dependent half‐metallic ferrimagnetism of L21 Mn2NbSi were systematically investigated using first‐principles calculations within the framework of density functional theory. The calculated ground‐state bulk properties are found to be in good agreement with the available values. The calculated elastic constants and related properties showed that the compound is mechanically stable, intrinsically ductile and elastically anisotropic. The calculations of the electronic structures and magnetic properties at different lattice constants showed that the half‐metallic ferrimagnetism of the compound is maintained in the lattice constant range from 6.2 to 6.6 Å. These results showed that the L21 Mn2NbSi has a potential application in spintronic devices due to its half‐metallic ferrimagnetism with low total magnetic moment.
Regulating electronic properties of BiOBr to enhance visible light response via 3d transition metals doping: DFT + U calculations
Authors: Guan Meihua , Ren Guangmin , Zhang Xiaochao , Zhang Qirui , Zhang Changming , Li Rui , Fan Caimei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn our work, the formation energies, band structures, densities of states, effective masses and optical absorption properties of pure BiOBr and 3d transition metals‐doped BiOBr have been calculated using DFT + U method. Ti, V, Fe, Cr, Co, Ni and Cu doping can induce impurity energy levels, originating from spin‐up or ‐down orbits of 3d transition metals (TMs), within the forbidden band of BiOBr, but Sc, Mn and Zn atoms only change the electronic delocalization in the valence band or conduction band region of BiOBr. Furthermore, with introduction of 3d TMs atoms, there exist the redshift phenomena for optical absorption band edge of BiOBr to different extents. The photo response priority order, structural stability and recombination probability of photoinduced carriers for 3d TMs‐doped BiOBr are summarized. Our theoretical findings should well explain the experimental observations in the previous literatures, and provide promising prediction and significant guidance for the well‐construction of BiOBr‐based photocatalyst systems.
Direct Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing on Clinical Urine Samples by Optical Tracking of Single Cell Division Events
Authors: Zhang Fenni , Jiang Jiapei , McBride Michelle , Yang Yunze , Mo Manni , Iriya Rafael , Peterman Joseph , Jing Wenwen , Grys Thomas , Haydel Shelley E. , Tao Nongjian , Wang Shaopeng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWith the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance, the need to develop antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) technologies is urgent. The current challenge has been to perform the antibiotic susceptibility testing in short time, directly with clinical samples, and with antibiotics over a broad dynamic range of clinically relevant concentrations. Here, a technology for point‐of‐care diagnosis of antimicrobial‐resistant bacteria in urinary tract infections, by imaging the clinical urine samples directly with an innovative large volume solution scattering imaging (LVSi) system and analyzing the image sequences with a single‐cell division tracking method is developed. The high sensitivity of single‐cell division tracking associated with large volume imaging enables rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing directly on the clinical urine samples. The results demonstrate direct detection of bacterial infections in 60 clinical urine samples with a 60 min LVSi video, and digital AST of 30 positive clinical samples with 100% categorical agreement with both the clinical culture results and the on‐site agar plating validation results. This technology provides opportunities for precise antibiotic prescription and proper treatment of the patient within a single clinic visit.
Simply closing the reactor improves the electron efficiency of zerovalent iron toward various metal(loid)s removal
Authors: Fan Peng , Guan Xiaohong , Wei Guangfeng , Li Lina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe controlled corrosion of zerovalent iron (ZVI) is crucial for the favorable performance of ZVI toward metal(loid)s removal, and dissolved oxygen (DO) plays an important role in the process of ZVI corrosion. However, few efforts have been made to control the concentration of DO in real practice. In this study, we found that the electron efficiency and the specific removal capacity of ZVI toward the removal of four metal(loid)s were increased by 1.2–9.1 times and 1.2–3.6 times, respectively, by simply closing the reactor, while the removal kinetics of metal(loid)s was slightly influenced. The rate constants obtained under open condition were always greater than those obtained under closed condition, and the removal amounts of metal(loid)s by ZVI at the reaction equilibrium under closed condition were nearly equivalent to those under open condition. Compared with the case under open condition, the consumption‐redissolution process of DO was decelerated under closed condition, and the rapid corrosion of ZVI was alleviated subsequently. Although closing the reactor is simple, it does contribute much to the favorable electron efficiency of ZVI toward metal(loid)s sequestration and can be easily adopted in real practice. © 2021 Water Environment FederationPractitioner points

Closing the reactor promoted the selectivity of ZVI towards four metal(loid)s removal.
The consumption‐redissolution process of DO and corrosion of ZVI were decelerated by closing the reactor.
Metal(loid)s were reduced to lower valence by ZVI under closed condition.
Effect of DO was different when ZVI was applied to remove different metal(loid)s.