bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LEVEL OF EDUCATION AND RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION NEXUS IN SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: Mahmood Haider 
Published: December 2020

Purpose: A level of education may change the energy consumption habits of people. Further, economic growth may also demand cleaner energy consumption for better environmental quality. This research explores the impacts of education and economic growth on the renewable energy consumption of Saudi Arabia.
Methodology: This research utilizes the unit root test of Dickey & Fuller (1981), cointegration test of Pesaran et al. (2001), and bound testing values of Kripfganz & Schneider (2020).
Main Findings: Income and secondary education increase Renewable Energy Consumption (REC) in the long and short run. Primary education reduces REC in the long run, and the lag of primary education has a positive effect on REC.
Implication: This research recommends to increase the level of education to promote renewable energy consumption for a cleaner environment.
Novelty: Educational level and renewable energy consumption nexus have not been investigated in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, we claim an empirical contribution.
The panorama between COVID-19 pandemic and Artificial Intelligence (AI): Can it be the catalyst for Society 5.0?
Authors: Islam Ariful , Islam Mahmuda , Hossain Uzir Md. Uzir , Abd Wahab Sazali , Abdul Latiff Ahmad Shaharudin 
Published: December 2020

Purpose: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a new age digital era has emerged; Artificial Intelligence (AI) could be instrumental in keeping this new virus within reasonable limits. AI also has the potential to transform communities into super smart Society 5.0. So, the main target of the study is to analyze AI-focused Society 5.0 configuration through the lens of the present emergency.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A systematic analysis of literature has been executed to discuss the AI-focused Society 5.0 configuration triggered by pandemic, in which over 300 publications are read and reviewed by the authors. The reliability and validity of literature analysis have also been established.
Findings: The analysis confirms that the COVID-19 emergency can be one of the most important drivers, influencing transformation to Society 5.0 through the implementation of AI. This pandemic sets the perfect platform for global adoption of AI-based Society 5.0 to obtain more ethical human and technology collaboration.
Research limitation: Prior empirical attempts are subsequently required to inquiry about the proposed conceptualization from different perspectives.
Practical implications: The findings will act as a realistic roadmap for applying AI technologies to Society 5.0 outline by the incorporation of open source technologies, supportive regulations, and modern business models. Potential approaches emerging from this research are useful to community managers or large corporations partnering with local agencies to increase the opportunities for the long-term success of smart city projects.
Social implications: The outcomes of the study will help to solve social and ecological issues aligned with SDGs. It will also create an innovative platform to utilize the working abilities of older segments of society.
Originality/Value: This article is the first to discuss AI-focused Society 5.0 configuration to harness the hidden potential of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Democracia Deliberativa e Participação Popular no Licenciamento Ambiental do OSX-Estaleiro/SC: Desafios E Possibilidades
Authors: Christmann Luiza Landerdahl 
Published: December 2020

O presente artigo é um recorte da dissertação de mestrado do autor, que teve como objeto de estudo a participação popular no licenciamento ambiental do OSX-Estaleiro/SC, a fim de compreender em que medida ela se realizou de modo a efetivar a gestão do risco ambiental. Neste momento, buscou-se compreender o processo de informação e participação (interna e na audiência pública) das comunidades envolvidas. Utilizou-se como metodologia a abordagem qualitativa, orientada pela perspectiva hermenêutico-dialética, e como técnicas de pesquisa a pesquisa bibliográfica, a entrevista semiestruturada e a pesquisa documental. Como teoria de base, adotou-se a teoria da democracia deliberativa, de Habermas. Como resultado, constatou-se a existência de muitos desafios para a concretização dos postulados comunicacionais da democracia deliberativa, mas também a existência de possibilidades decorrentes da complexidade do processo. Concluiu-se pela necessidade de ampliação e reforço dos postulados comunicionais antes definidos, na tentativa de possibilitar uma autêntica deliberação. AbstractThis article is a part of the author’s dissertation, that had the objective to comprehend the extent to which the popular participation was carried out during the OSX-Estaleiro/SC, Biguaçu, environmental licensing process, and understand if it happened in way to become effective the environmental risk management. In this moment, it intended to comprehend the information and participation process by involved community. The qualitative research approach was adopted and it was guided by a dialectical perspective. The bibliographical and documental research technique was used conjunctionally with semi-structured interview technique. It was adopted Habermas’s deliberative democracy theory as the main theoretical reference. About results, it was realized the existence of many challenges to implement the deliberative democracy’s communicative rules, however also the existence of possibilities from complex process. It concluded about the necessity of extend and reinforce the communicative rules to earn an authentic deliberation. KeywordsPublic participation. Deliberative democracy. OSX-Estaleiro/ SC environmental licensing. Communicative rules.
Federalismo Ambiental Cooperativo e Mínimo Existencial Socioambiental: a Multidimensionalidade do Bem-Estar Como Fio Condutor
Authors: Rammê Rogério Santos 
Published: December 2020

O Estado de Direito contemporâneo se depara com dois desafios centrais: superar as desigualdades econômicas e as injustiças ambientais. Para enfrentá-los, países como o Brasil, que adotam o modelo federativo, devem priorizar soluçõessistêmicas e cooperativas entre os entes da federação. Nesse contexto, a compreensão da multidimensionalidade do bem-estar e da sustentabilidade redefine os contornos cognitivos da proteção dos direitos fundamentais socioambientais, influenciando diretamente a noção de mínimo existencial socioambiental, objetivo fundamental da cooperação federativa regulamentada na Lei Complementar n. 140/2011. Uma efetiva cooperação federativa em matéria ambiental, no âmbito executivo, não pode se furtar do enfrentamento de problemas tradicionais do Estado de Direito brasileiro, sob pena da não concretização do atual marco normativo constitucional. AbstractThis paper aims to analyze the importance of understanding the multidimensionality of welfare for a redefinition of the normative content of the notion of socio-environmental existential minimum, tracing, from this redefinition, a new understanding about the Brazilian cooperative environmental federalism. It was adopted dialectical method of approach, from doctrinal contributions. Thus, it was possible to verify that the contemporary Rule of Law faces two central challenges: overcoming economic inequalities and environmental injustices. To face them, countries like Brazil, that adopt the federative model, should prioritize systemic and cooperatives solutions in the Federation. The federal cooperation that guides socioenvironmental public policies in Brazil shall be by reference the paradigmatic notions of socio-environmental existential minimum and well-being. The duties of state protection in environmental matters arising out of the current Brazilian constitutional legal framework incorporate thus the referential no less paradigmatic of sustainability as its primary aim. KeywordsRule of Law; Federal cooperation; Existential minimum; Sustainability; Socio-environmental fundamental rights.
Meio Ambiente do Trabalho e os Processos Judiciais Eletrônicos: o Paradigma do Mundo Virtual e Seus Efeitos para os Servidores Forenses
Authors: Anjos Brenda Reis dos 
Published: December 2020

A informatização judicial é matéria de destaque na esfera jurídica contemporânea devido ao grande desafio de virtualização no meio ambiente de trabalho forense. A Lei de Informatização do Processo – LIP, número 11.419/2006, trouxe novas ferramentas para o mundo das ciências jurídicas. Dada à complexidade do assunto, por ser tema recente e de grande relevância, surge a necessidade de se esquadrinhar o assunto do Processo Eletrônico no Poder Judiciário do Brasil como instrumento de acesso à justiça, de efetivação do princípio processual da celeridade e suas respectivas implicações ao meio ambiente do trabalho. Os operadores do direito enfrentam a imposição de acompanhar o constante processo de desenvolvimento tecnológico estando expostos à riscos psicológicos e físicos advindos da imposição crescente de produtividade por consequência da informatização. Esse desafio torna necessária a análise do tema em paralelo à adoção de medidas preventivas, associadas à Ergonomia, para viabilizar um meio ambiente de trabalho sadio. AbstractComputerization judicial matter is prominent in contemporary legal sphere due to the challenge in virtualization environment in forensic work. Law Informatization Process - LIP, number 11.419/2006 brought new tools to the world of legal sciences. Given the complexity of the matter, to be recent topic of great importance, there is a need to scrutinize the issue Process Machine on judiciary in Brazil as a means of access to justice, the realization of the principle of procedural celerity and their implications to working environment. The operators of the right face the imposition of monitoring the constant technological development process being exposed to physical and psychological risks arising from the imposition of increased productivity as a result of computerization. This challenge makes it necessary to examine this matter in parallel with the adoption of preventive measures associated with Ergonomics for facilitating a healthy work environment. KeywordsEnvironment Labour. Lawsuit Electronic. Judicial Informatization. Forensic Servers. Virtual Environment.
Proporcionalidade Eco-Lógica: um Princípio Jurídico Emergente para a Natureza?
Authors: Winter Gerd Winter 
Published: December 2020

A eco-proporcionalidade é proposta como uma possibilidade de estruturar o balanceamento de interesses de exploração e proteção da natureza, restringindo, assim, a discricionariedade embutida em conceitos como direitos da natureza, contrato natural, sustentabilidade e análise custo-benefício. Eco-proporcionalidade é uma analogia ao já firmado princípio da proporcionalidade, aqui chamado de sócio-proporcionalidade. Ambos os princípios têm um denominador comum na medida em que realizam uma checagem de poder – poder do Estado sobre a sociedade e da sociedade sobre a natureza, respectivamente. Assim como a sócio-proporcionalidade, a eco-proporcionalidade requer quatro testes, nomeadamente um objetivo justificável de ação, adequação, necessidade e sopesamento de meios. O artigo procura mostrar que a eco-proporcionalidade já se mostra presente tanto como uma norma social quanto como uma norma jurídica. Há razão para sugerir que ela deveria entrar em mais esferas da prática social e da ordem jurídica, ao mesmo tempo tomando uma forma mais diferenciada e ambiciosa. AbstractEco-proportionality is proposed as a possibility of how to structure the balancing of interests of exploitation and protection of nature, thus fettering the discretion built into concepts like nature rights, the contrat naturel, sustainability and cost-benefit analysis. Eco-proportionality is an analogy to the well-established public law principle of proportionality, here called socio-proportionality. Both principles have a common denominator in that they make a check on power, power of the state over society and of society over nature, respectively. Like in socio-proportionality, ecoproportionality requires four tests, namely a justifiable objective of action and the effectiveness, necessity and weighing of means. It has been shown that the principle is already present both as a social and legal norm. There is reason to suggest that it should enter into more spheres of societal practice and legal order, at the same time taking a more differentiated and ambitious shape. KeywordsEnvironmental Law. Principles of Environmental Protection. Eco-proportionality. Socio-proportionality. Self-regulation. Transnational Law.
Repeatability of two semi-automatic artificial intelligence approaches for tumor segmentation in PET
Authors: Pfaehler Elisabeth , Mesotten Liesbet , Kramer Gem , Thomeer Michiel , Vanhove Karolien , de Jong Johan , Adriaensens Peter , Hoekstra Otto S. , Boellaard Ronald 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is routinely used for cancer staging and treatment follow up. Metabolic active tumor volume (MATV) as well as total MATV (TMATV - including primary tumor, lymph nodes and metastasis) and/or total lesion glycolysis (TLG) derived from PET images have been identified as prognostic factor or for the evaluation of treatment efficacy in cancer patients. To this end, a segmentation approach with high precision and repeatability is important. However, the implementation of a repeatable and accurate segmentation algorithm remains an ongoing challenge. Methods: In this study, we compare two semi-automatic artificial intelligence (AI) based segmentation methods with conventional semi-automatic segmentation approaches in terms of repeatability. One segmentation approach is based on a textural feature (TF) segmentation approach designed for accurate and repeatable segmentation of primary tumors and metastasis. Moreover, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is trained. The algorithms are trained, validated and tested using a lung cancer PET dataset. The segmentation accuracy of both segmentation approaches is compared using the Jaccard Coefficient (JC). Additionally, the approaches are externally tested on a fully independent test-retest dataset. The repeatability of the methods is compared with those of two majority vote (MV2, MV3) approaches, 41%SUVMAX, and a SUV>4 segmentation (SUV4). Repeatability is assessed with test-retest coefficients (TRT%) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). An ICC>0.9 was regarded as representing excellent repeatability.Results: The accuracy of the segmentations with the reference segmentation was good (JC median TF: 0.7, CNN: 0.73) Both segmentation approaches outperformed most other conventional segmentation methods in terms of test-retest coefficient (TRT% mean: TF: 13.0%, CNN: 13.9%, MV2: 14.1%, MV3: 28.1%, 41%SUVMAX: 28.1%, SUV4: 18.1% ) and ICC (TF: 0.98, MV2: 0.97, CNN: 0.99, MV3: 0.73, SUV4: 0.81, and 41%SUVMAX: 0.68).Conclusion: The semi-automatic AI based segmentation approaches used in this study provided better repeatability than conventional segmentation approaches. Moreover, both algorithms lead to accurate segmentations for both primary tumors as well as metastasis and are therefore good candidates for PET tumor segmentation.
Fusion or gemination? A radiologic approach
Authors: De Castro Tamara Fernandes , Miyahara Glauco Issamu , Ikuta Carla Renata Sanomiya , Salzedas Leda Maria Pescinini 
Published: December 2020

A supernumerary tooth is an entity in addition to the normal series of teeth that, although rare, can be fused to a tooth, whether deciduous or permanent. Diagnosis and management in cases involving supernumerary teeth in the anterior region of the maxilla are often challenging. The clinical examination associated with the radiographic examination is decisive for the diagnosis and planning of cases. This article describes a case of unilateral fusion of a supernumerary tooth to a permanent upper lateral incisor, in which clinical and radiographic diagnosis was essential for a conservative approach.
Descriptors: Diagnosis; Fused Teeth; Tooth, Supernumerary.
References

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Estimating the population mean using a continuous sampling design dependent on an auxiliary variable
Authors: Wywiał Janusz L. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Continuous distribution of variables under study and auxiliary variables are considered. The purpose of the paper is to estimate the mean of the variable under study using a sampling design which is dependent on the observation of a continuous auxiliary variable in the whole population. Auxiliary variable values observed in this population allow to estimate the inclusion density function of the sampling design. The variance of the continuous version of the Horvitz-Thompson estimator under the proposed sampling design is compared with the variance of the mean of a simple random sample. The accuracy of the estimation strategies is analysed by means of simulation experiments.
Some linear regression type ratio exponential estimators for estimating the population mean based on quartile deviation and deciles
Authors: Prasad Shakti 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper deals some linear regression type ratio exponential estimators for estimating the population mean using the known values of quartile deviation and deciles of an auxiliary variable in survey sampling. The expressions of the bias and the mean square error of the suggested estimators have been derived. It was compared with the usual mean, usual ratio (Cochran (1977)), Kadilar and Cingi (2004, 2006) and Subzar et al. (2017) estimators. After comparison, the condition which makes the suggested estimators more efficient than others is found. To verify the theoretical results, numerical results are performed on two natural population data sets.
A Bayesian analysis of complete multiple breaks in a panel autoregressive (CMB-PAR(1)) time series model
Authors: Agiwal Varun , Kumar Jitendra , Shangodoyin Dahud Kehinde 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Most economic time series, such as GDP, real exchange rate and banking series are irregular by nature as they may be affected by a variety of discrepancies, including political changes, policy reforms, import-export market instability, etc. When such changes entail serious consequences for time series modelling, various researchers manage this problem by applying a structural break. Thus, the aim of this paper is to develop a generalised structural break time series model. The paper discusses a panel autoregressive model with multiple breaks present in all parameters, i.e. in the autoregressive coefficient and mean and error variance, which is a generalisation of various sub-models. The Bayesian approach is applied to estimate the model parameters and to obtain the highest posterior density interval. Strong evidence is observed to support the Bayes estimator and then it is compared with the maximum likelihood estimator. A simulation experiment is conducted and an empirical application on the SARRC association’s GDP per capita time series is used to illustrate the performance of the proposed model. This model is also extended to a temporary shift model.
Comparison of selected tests for univariate normality based on measures of moments
Authors: Domański Czesław , Szczepocki Piotr 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Univariate normality tests are typically classified into tests based on empirical distribution, moments, regression and correlation, and other. In this paper, power comparisons of nine normality tests based on measures of moments via the Monte Carlo simulations is extensively examined. The effects on power of the sample size, significance level, and on a number of alternative distributions are investigated. None of the considered tests proved uniformly most powerful for all types of alternative distributions. However, the most powerful tests for different shape departures from normality (symmetric short-tailed, symmetric long-tailed or asymmetric) are indicated.
DESAIN E-DIAGNOSTIC TEST UNTUK ANALISIS PEMAHAMAN KONSEP PADA MATERI REDOKS DAN TATA NAMA SENYAWA
Authors: Kamila Naila Faza , M.Si. Dr. Jumaeri 
Published: December 2020

Kesulitan belajar peserta didik dalam memahami konsep kimia perlu diidentifikasi dengan sebuah instrumen evaluasi yang tepat. Untuk itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan dan keefektifan pengembangan instrumen e-diagnostic test berupa three tier multiple choice (TTMC) untuk menganalisis ketercapaian kompetensi dasar ranah kognitif dan pemahaman konsep. Instrumen tersebut terdiri dari tiga tingkat, pertama mengenai jawaban, kedua mengenai alasan, dan ketiga mengenai keyakinan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan metode Plomp yang meliputi beberapa fase yaitu fase investigasi awal, desain, realisasi, tes dan evaluasi, serta implementasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X SMA Islam Sultan Agung 1 Semarang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan instrumen yang dikembangkan layak dengan hasil validasi isi oleh pakar dan validasi konstruk melalui uji skala kecil dan besar. Profil paham konsep tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh IKD-5 yaitu sebesar 61,02%. Profil miskonsepsi tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh IKD-4 yaitu sebesar 69,49%. Dan profil tidak paham konsep tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh IKD-3 yaitu sebesar 26,27%. Hasil analisis profil pemahaman konsep secara keseluruhan pada materi redoks dan tata nama senyawa menunjukkan 37,85% peserta didik paham konsep, 43,84% peserta didik miskonsepsi, dan 18,30% peserta didik tidak paham konsep.