bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Marketing margin of qurban beef
Authors: Daulay A H , Sadeli A , Hasan F , Khaliqi M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Increased selling prices for qurban cattle can be indicated because the marketing channels for qurban cattle are relatively long due to increased marketing margins obtained by each marketing institution. Marketing channels can be said to be efficient if every marketing institution marketing function optimally. The purpose of this study was to identify efficiency of qurban cattle marketing channels in Deli Serdang Regency. The technique of drawing respondents is done by snowball sampling. Respondents used in this study consisted of 3 farmers, 9 traders and 5 wholesalers. The study was conducted in Deli Serdang Regency. Data were analysed by using the margin share, farmer share and R/C to see the efficiency of marketing channels. The results showed 4 channels of qurban cattle marketing in Deli Serdang Regency. The whole marketing channel is considered efficient because it has a farmer share value above 50 percent so that an increase in selling value can still be felt by qurban cattle farmers.
Feeding evaluation on the production and quality of dairy buffalo milk (Murrah) at the traditional farms in Asam Kumbang
Authors: Hasanah U , Sinamo K N , Hasnudi  , Patriani P , Mirwandhono E 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The production and quality of milk of Murrah Buffalo can be affected by many factors. One of them is feed. The feed with high quality can increase the productivity of an animal. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of feed on the production and quality of Murrah buffalo milk at the traditional farms in Asam Kumbang. This research is using four buffalo from Murrah species. The variables observed in this research were milk production, milk quality (carbohydrate, protein, contamination of Staphylococcus aureus, total plate count bacteria), nutrient contents of feed (dry matter contents, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, and total digestibility nutrient), temperature and relative humidity. The result shows that the feed quality is good. The high ratio of concentrate in the ration is for fulfilled the requirement of buffalo. The values of milk production are 7.16±0.38 L head−1 day−1; the percentage of protein in buffalo milk is 2.93±0.13%. The high milk production caused by the quality of feed, the ratio of forage and concentrate, and month lactation. Staphylococcus aureus bacterial contamination of milk is positive. It is caused by hygiene during milking is very low.
Application of landsat 8 sattelite imagery for estimated distribution of above ground carbon in Percut Sei Tuan forest landscape
Authors: Sulistiyono N , Tarigan AA , Patana P 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The use of remote sensing technology has been widely used to estimate carbon stocks above ground level, including in mangrove forest landscapes. This study aims to obtain information on the spatial distribution of above-ground carbon using Landsat 8 satellite imagery in the Percut Sei Tuan mangrove forest landscape. Ordinary least square (OLS) regression method is used to build a model of estimating the spatial distribution of above-ground carbon based on vegetation index values of normalize different vegetation index (NDVI) and green normalize different vegetation index (GNDVI). The results showed the average carbon content above ground level in the Percut Sei Tuan forest landscape was 23.55 tons ha−1. The power regression model is the best estimator model for the distribution of carbon content above ground level with the equation y = 205.9 x4.2713 and R2 of 72.4%.
Spatio-temporal distribution of forest and land fires in Labuhanbatu Utara District, North Sumatera Province, Indonesia
Authors: Thoha A S , Sofyan M , Ahmad A G 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Labuhanbatu Utara District, is one of the most prone area of forest and land fire in North Sumatera Province, Indonesia. Spatial and temporal distribution of forest and land fire are needed to determine for managing fire effectively. The objectives of this study are to determine the period of forest and aland fires and to determine the relationship between land cover and hotspot. Utara District. The method used is spatial analysis of the relationship between hotspot and monthly rainfall and distribution hotspot based on land cover type. The results found that the highest hotspot number occurred in 2005 while the lowest occurred in 2017. Forest and land fires occurred two periods in every year in Labuhanbatu Utara District namely on February-March and June-August. Land cover type has the highest percentage of the hotspot located at plantation area. Shrubs is land cover that have stable detected hotspot percentage every year. Based on the research, the factors causing land and forest fires are human activities such as land clearing activity for converting forest to rubber plantation and oil palm plantation.
Diversity of medicinal plants in Batu Katak Village, Gunung Leuser National Park, Indonesia
Authors: Rambey R , Ras S , Ardi R , Siddik R , Sentosa E 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this study there were 33 types of medicinal plants utilized by people of Batu Katak Village that were directly bordered to the Gunung Leuser National Park. These medicinal plants can be found on community cultivation lands and forests of Gunung Leuser National Park. This research method was carried out with an inventory of types of medicinal plants and interviews with the community to find out the benefits and part plant medicinal plants used by Batu Katak Village community. Batu Katak community makes use of plants root, rhizome, stem, bark and leaves all parts of the plants as medicine. The most widely used part is the leaves (75%), as much as 25 % used part are rhizome, root, stem and bark. The majority of the people of Batu Katak Village are ethnic Karo. Karo ethnicity itself has local knowledge in using medicinal plants that have been passed down for generations.
Study of river water quality in various land cover of Percut Watershed at Deli Serdang Regency
Authors: Machairiyah  , Nasution Z , Slamet B 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Land use is closely related to changes in the quality and quantity of river water. River damage due to changes in land cover is influenced by human activities in land use so that there is an increase in open and built areas. Percut River is one of the rivers flowing in the city of Medan, Karo district and Deli Serdang district, which receives the effects of industrial, residential and agricultural waste pollution. This study aims to analyse the water quality of Percut River both physically and chemically representing the upstream to downstream of the Percut River with various surrounding land cover. There are 5 sampling points on the Percut River. Analysis of river water quality was using the water quality index and pollution index. The water quality status of Percut River is slightly polluted. The results of the Percut River water quality analysis showed several parameters exceeding the quality standard based on government regulation PP No.82 of 2001 Class II namely the parameters COD, ammonia, phosphate. The value of each Percut River water quality parameter is different for each type of land cover or land use. Downstream areas are the areas that receive the greatest impact from pollution.
Change vegetation density analysis of Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) habitat in Bukit Lawang and Sub-district of Bahorok
Authors: Zaitunah A , Ras S , Samsuri  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Gunung Leuser National Park forest in Bukit Lawang section is the main habitat of Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii) in Sub-district of Bahorok. The condition of wildlife habitat in the region has been fragmented by various human activities which is the major threat to the wildlife survival including Sumatran Orangutan (Pongo abelii). This study was conducted by overlaid some spatial data of the year 2008 and 2018 to obtain data of vegetation density changes and the range of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in Section of Bukit Lawang and District of Bahorok. Vegetation analysis was carried out in forest, rubber plantation and mix plantation in District of Bahorok as supporting data. The purposes of this study are to Get vegetation density value and analysing the changes of vegetation density of Sumatran Orangutan (P. abelii) habitat in Bukit Lawang and Sub-district of Bahorok year of 2018. The research shows that the largest vegetation density changes was decreased of high dense class which is 47,040.02 hectare or 49.9%. The largest increased was occurred in the highest dense of 43, 304.1 hectare or 46.05%.
Effect of industrial and residential sewage sludge and burnt garbage on cadmium content in soil and kangkong plants (Ipomoea reptans L Poir)
Authors: Victor L , Sarifuddin  , Jamilah  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This research aimed to determine the effect of sewage sludge from industry and residential and burnt garbage that applied to Inceptisol as media for kangkong (Ipomoea reptans L Poir). This study was using a randomized block design consisted of 2 factors. Factor 1 was the type of sewage sludge with 3 treatments, namely L1 = sludge in urban settlements, L2 = sludge from Mabar Industrial Area (KIM), and L3 = Burnt garbage from Medan, Sumatera Utara. Factor 2 was the dosage of sewage sludge with 3 treatments, namely D1 = 50%, D2 = 75% and D3 = 100% applied with 3 replications. The result showed that the application of sewage sludge taken from the industry, municipal, and burnt garbage increased the level of cadmium (Cd) in soil and kangkong plant. Moreover, the Cd content in soil with all types of sludge with a dosage level of 75% and 100% exceeded the critical limit of Cd in soil, which was 0.5 ppm. The concentration of Cd in plants was higher than in the soil, but under critical level for the plant, which was 5-10 ppm.
Identification of macrofauna on various volcanic ash thickness and different vegetation in andisol affected by Sinabung eruption
Authors: Munawaroh H , Sembiring M , Hanafiah A S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Mount Sinabung eruption caused the soil covered by volcanic ash with various thickness. Changes in soil conditions will affect population and diversities in the soil. The research aims to identify soil macro-fauna on andisol in Karo County with various thickness of volcanic ash of Mount Sinabung with different vegetation after 5 years of eruption. The Plots were placed onto eight locations, I = processed land (0 cm) grass vegetation, II = uncovered by ash land (0 cm) coffee vegetation, III = covered by thin layer of ash land (≤2 cm) grass vegetation, IV = covered by thin layer of ash land (≤2 cm) coffee vegetation, V = covered by medium layer of ash land (2-5 cm) grass vegetation, VI = covered by medium layer of ash land (2-5 cm) coffee vegetation, VII = exposed by thick ash land (≥5 cm) grass vegetation, VIII = exposed by thick ash land (≥5 cm) coffee vegetation. Sampling was done by method Pitfall Trap, Square Monolith, and Hand Sorting. The result shows that the change of soil will affect soil macro-fauna - based on macro-fauna identification results, found 3 phylum(s), 7 class(es), 12 ordo(s), 18 family(ies), and 20 species.
Habitat characteristics and water quality status in the Batangtoru Watershed, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Muhtadi A , Leidonald R , Desrita  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The Batangtoru watershed is one of the aquatic ecosystems in maintaining the presence of natural aquatic biodiversity in the Tapanuli region. This study aims to describe the habitat characteristics of aquatic organisms and determine the status of the water quality of the Batangtoru watershed by the Sing score method. Sampling was carried out for 20 days from 21st of July to 10th of August 2019. Determination of 1 - 34 sampling points was carried out by purposive sampling method based on the representation of the overall environmental conditions of the Batangtoru watershed reflecting upstream, middle, downstream and creeks while taking into account the level of safety during sampling in the field. Based on the calculation results of Sing Score method, it also shows that in general the conditions of the waters in the Batangtoru watershed is still fair to excellent. But there are some points that are already poor, namely at point 5. Excellent water conditions are always found in creeks and subtributaries.
Spatial model of the Sumatran tigers (Panthera tigris sumatrae) prey habitat suitability index in Besitang
Authors: Sulistiyono N , Rambe B A , Patana P , Purwoko A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The Besitang forest landscape is a habitat for Sumatran tigers (Panthera tigris sumatrae) which is one of the key species in Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP). Deforestation and degradation have caused forest fragmentation so that Sumatran tigers habitat becomes narrow. As the first step in modelling the suitability of Sumatran tiger habitat, it is then knowing the distribution of Sumatran tiger prey needs to be done. The objective of this study was to get information about the suitability distribution of Sumatran tigers’ prey based on biophysic and social factors in Besitang. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method is used to select and weight the factors that are thought to influence the distribution of Sumatran tiger prey. Overlay analysis of the factors that influence the habitat suitability is done using Geographic Information System (GIS). The results showed that the index value of habitat suitability of Sumatran tigers’ prey has a range of values from 0 to 1. Areas that have values getting closer to number 1 indicate the area is more suitable for the habitat of Sumatran tiger prey.
The influence of solar tunnel dryer on the quality of karupuak jangek (case study: Aulia MSME in Jorong Aro Kandikia, Tilatang Kamang Agam Regency)
Authors: Juliyarsi I , Melia S , Novia D 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the influence of drying time on the quality of karupuak jangek with solar tunnel dryer to protein content, fat content, texture test and organoleptic test. The raw material of this research was cowhide obtained from Animal Slaughterhouse in Bukittinggi, by using 50 kg of Simmental Crossbreed, aged 2 years. The research method used Completely Randomized Design consisting of 4 treatments. The treatments were drying time A (1 day), B (2 days), C (3 days), D (4 days). The results showed that the influence of drying time on quality of karupuak jangek with solar tunnel dryer on 3 days gave best result of protein content of 58.88%, fat content of 13.69%, texture test with average 210.92 N/cm2, a colour organoleptic test 2.06, flavour 2.02 and texture 2.12 showed quite like.
Asahan coconut for virgin coconut oil production using fermentation method
Authors: Purba H F , Romauli N D M , Purba T , Manurung E D , Nurmalia  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
VCO Fermentation method can be done on a large scale with many advantages compared to the heating method, such as the effectiveness and efficiency of labour, time, cost, equipment also produce higher VCO quantity and quality. This study was aimed to determine type and yeast concentration with fermentation time that produced the best VCO yield and quality. The study was conducted from February to November 2015 in the Post Harvest Laboratory AIAT North Sumatra. The research used a completely randomized factorial design with 3 replications. The treatment consisted of 2 factors, which are yeast type (baker’s, tape, and tempeh) and yeast concentration (3,6,9,12, and 15%). The results showed the baker’s yeast of 15% concentration on 24 hours fermentation time gave the best yield (13.60%) and the highest score on organoleptic test. Interaction results of type and yeast concentration were significantly different on VCO water content but were not significantly different on FFA and peroxide value. Generally, the lowest VCO water content is obtained in tape yeast while the lowest FFA and peroxide value in baker’s yeast. VCO fermented by tempeh yeast produced the highest lauric acid (48.76%) while the highest medium-chain fatty acid composition produced by tape yeast fermentation (60.64%).
Hypocholesterolaemic effects of fermented red onion (Allium cepa L. var aggregatum) in rats (Rattus novergicus)
Authors: Rohani A S , Yuandani  , Sitorus P 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Red onion is known as one of spices, and it also benefits for human health evidently. Previous study that red onion has a beneficial for cardiovascular disease, including hypocholesterolaemic Red onion contains flavonoids. The extract of red onion decreased serum total cholesterol level of rats, which is mediated by quercetin. Quercetin could be increased by fermentation as one of the new methods in drug discovery, so the biological activity also increases through fermentation. This study aimed to antihypercholesterolaemic activity of red onion fermented extract. Twenty five rats were divided in 5 groups; 2 controls [negative and positive control (atorvastatin)] with treatment groups (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg bw of fermented red onion extract. Rats were given atherogenic feed until hypercholesterolaemic All groups were given an atherogenic feed until hypercholesterolaemic. Total cholesterol of rats measured on the 7th, 14th and 21st day after they rats were treated by red onion fermented extract. Data analysed by ANOVA and continued by post hoc Duncan. All doses of red onion fermented extract decreased total cholesterol level of rats and dose of 200 mg/kg showed the strongest effect. Write the expectation for future fermented red onion has potential as a new agent cardiovascular health.
Effects of boiling time and baking soda concentration on the physical chemistry of saga seed flour
Authors: Manik N E , Nurminah M , Ginting S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Saga tree is a plant that grows in Indonesia and produce seed production very much. However, utilization is still very little saga seeds when seeds saga has a very high nutritional content, especially protein and fat. Saga seeds can be processed into various products such as being a high-protein flour. This study aims to determine the effect of long boiling and baking soda concentration on the physicochemical properties of flour biji saga. The research design uses completely randomized design (CRD) factorial with two factors, namely the long boiling (40,50,60 minutes) and baking soda concentration (3; 4 and5%). The results showed that the Interaction between boiling time and concentration of baking soda had highly significant effect to water and fat content, had significant effect to protein content and had no significant effect to ash content and flavour of the saga seed flour. The best saga seed flour was T1K3 that is boiled for 40 minutes and dipped in the 5% baking soda solution.
Effect of blanching time and sodium metabisulphite concentration on the physicochemical properties of jackfruit seed flour (Artocarpus heterophyllus)
Authors: Lumban Gaol R A , Nurminah M , Nainggolan R J 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This research aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics of jackfruit seed flour and to develop the utilization of jackfruit seeds. The analysis was performed using a factorial complete randomized design consisting of two factors, blanching time (T1 = 5 minutes, T2 = 10 minutes, T3 = 10 minutes) and sodium metabisulphite concentration (K1 = 200 ppm, K2 = 400 ppm, K3 = 600 ppm ppm). The parameters analysed were moisture content, ash content, fat content, protein content and L value (brightness). The interaction between the two factors has a very significant influence on water content and L value; it has a significant effect on protein content; and not significant effect on ash content and fat content. Jackfruit seed flour with 5 minutes blanching time and 200 ppm sodium metabisulphite concentration produces the best and more acceptable quality of jackfruit seed flour.
The effect of edible coating application based on cassava starch and calcium chloride concentration on the quality of orange sweet potatoes french fries
Authors: Isnaini R , Nurminah M , Lubis Z 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
French fries is snack which usually made from potatoes with the first frying treatment and then frozen. Orange sweet potatoes can also proceed to become French fries as diversifying food form. This study used two factors, the concentration of cassava starch (CCS): (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%) and the concentration of calcium chloride (CCl2): (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%). The best edible coating was from cassava starch concentration of 0,5% and calcium chloride concentration of 2,0% of French fries.
Financial analysis of pidada syrup (Sonneratia caseolaris)
Authors: Basyuni M , Situmeang S M T , Putri L A P , Yusraini E , Lesmana I 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The mangrove forest is a tropical and sub-tropical coastal vegetation community dominated by several types of mangrove trees. Mangroves are able to grow and develop in muddy tidal and coastal areas. This study aims to identify the feasibility of pidada processing business into syrup in Lubuk Kertang Village, West Brandan District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. This study uses data analysis by calculating Revenue Cost (RC), Break-Even Point (BEP) and Added Value, using data 6 times pidada syrup production. The RC ratio value of pidada syrup obtained ranged from 1.62 - 3.71 for the production of pidada syrup. The highest RC Ratio of pidada syrup is found in the production carried out on August 24, 2017, with values of 3.71. This study indicated that the business of pidada syrup could be economically profitable and financially feasible.
Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of sweet bun produced from wheat and purple sweet potato flour
Authors: Aritonang A , Julianti E , Nurminah M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of sweet bun as affected by the ratio of wheat flour (WF) and purple sweet potato flour (PSPF). Six samples of breads were made from WF and PSPF in various ratio namely P1 (100% wheat flour), P2 (80:20), P3 (60:40), P4 (40:60), P5 (20:80), and P6 (100% PSP flour). The results showed that the ratio of WF and PSPF had significant effect (P < 0.05) on the colour value (L, a, b, and ºhue), browning index, specific volume, texture, anthocyanin content, crude fibre content and organoleptic value of sweet bun. The sweet bun that most acceptable by consumers was produced from 60% WF and 40% PSPF.
Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of bread made from flour, starch and solid waste flour of purple sweet potatoes
Authors: Valino M A , Julianti E , Sinaga H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purple sweet potato (PSP) is one of many agricultural commodities grown in Indonesia. However, its processing in increasing economic value is still very little done. In the PSP starch processing will be produced the fibre rich solid waste which is unutilized yet. The purpose of this research is to study the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of bread produced from PSP flour, PSP starch, and flour from solid waste of PSP starch processing (SWF) in various ratio namely: 100:0:0, 90:10:0; 90:5:5; 90:10:0; 80:0:20; 80:15:5; 80:10:10; and also bread from 100% wheat flour as control. The results showed a ratio of flour, starch, and solid waste flour provide a significant effect on the value of L, browning index, specific volume, hardness, % deformation, adhesiveness, gumminess, chewiness, anthocyanin levels and sensory characteristics. Bread made from 100% PSP flour had the best quality and can be accepted by consumers.