bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kesehatan Jiwa di Indonesia dari Deinstitusionalisasi sampai Desentralisasi
Authors: Idaiani Sri 
Published: January 2020

Deinstitusionalisasi adalah kebijakan di bidang kesehatan jiwa yang dimulai di negara-negara maju sekitar tahun 1950. Kebijakan tersebut telah dilakukan di Indonesia, meskipun informasi tentang keberhasilan dan kegagalan masih terbatas pada pendapat profesional di kalangan psikiatri. Disaat program ini belum sepenuhnya berhasil, Indonesia mengalami perubahan politik yang mengantarkan pada kebijakan desentralisasi. Pada saat yang bersamaan, munculmasalah kekurangan tenaga dokter spesialis psikiater. Tujuan analisis ini adalah untuk melakukan kajian terhadap berbagai masalah yang berkaitan dengan psikiater dan deinstitusionalisasi pada era desentralisasi. Dalam artikel ini disajikan beberapa kondisi yang terjadi di negara lain serta kajian terhadap kebijakan yang ada di Indonesia. Berdasarkan informasi yang dikumpulkan dapat disimpulkan bahwa di Indonesia terjadi kekurangan tenaga psikiater, masalah deinstitusionalisasi terkait erat dengan pembiayaan bidang kesehatan. Perlu kajian lebih mendalam tentang dampak dan model yang sesuai untuk Indonesia melalui penelitian terapan, riset operasional khususnya di bidang kesehatan jiwa masyarakat. Desentralisasi akan berhasil meningkatkan pembangunan kesehatan jiwa apabila ada perkuatan dukungan lintas sektor khususnya legislatif.Kata kunci : Deinstitusionalisasi, desentralisasi, psikiaterAbstractDeinstitutionalization is an international mental health policy started in 1950 by developed countries. This policy has implemented in Indonesia, even though there were no evaluation related to the policy. The opinion is still limited by professional judgment. While the program has not finished, Indonesia had political reformation. Decentralization was a part of reformation program. Besides, there was lack of psychiatrist in Indonesia. The aim of this study is to assessproblems related to psychiatrist, deinstitutionalization and decentralization. Several policies and conditions in other country were informed. The conclusion of this study mentioned that there was lack of psychiatrist in Indonesia at present; the deinstitutionalization was influenced by national health financial. It needs further studies of effectiveness of community mental health programs through applied or operational research. Decentralization will succeed to improve mental health development if there is support from all sectors including the legislative. Key words : Deinstitutionalization, decentralization, psychiatrist
Perbandingan Dua Metode Estimasi Pajanan Pestisida di Tempat Kerja
Authors: Prihartono Nurhayati 
Published: January 2020

Informasi yang valid tentang pajanan masa lalu mungkin sulit didapat dari wawancara individu. Peran ahli seperti higiene industri atau pertanian dalam mengestimasi pajanan pestisida dengan menggunakan jenis pekerjaan dapat meningkatkan validitas data pajanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan pajanan pestisida ditempat kerja yang ditentukan berdasarkan laporan individu dan ahli, serta mempelajari pola perbedaan tingkat pajanan dari keduametode tersebut. Laporan individu berasal dari studi kasus kontrol tentang anemia aplastik di Thailand. Estimasi ahli digunakan untuk menentukan tingkat pajanan terhadap 4 jenis pestisida pada setiap 476 jenis pekerjaan. Instrumen standar dibuat berdasarkan probabilitas pajanan, frekuensi, intensitas dan keyakinan diri dalam menentukan pajanan. Penelitian ini menemukan kesesuaian yang buruk tentang pajanan yang ditentukan oleh kedua metode. Petani padi merupakan kelompok pekerja terbesar yang dinyatakan terpajan ke empat pestisida oleh ahli, tetapi hampir semua petani padi tidak melaporkan keterpajanan tersebut. Ada perbedaan dalam melaporkan pajanan: kelompok kasus, pria, usia muda, dan pekerja yang mempunyai penghasilan tinggi cenderung melaporkan pajanan. Dengan ketidakyakinan estimasi pajanan dari kedua metode ini, maka gabungan pajanan yang berasal dari ahli dan laporan individu akan meningkatkan kegunaan kedua metode dan meningkatkan validitas pajanan.Kata kunci : Pestisida, pajanan, estimasiAbstractObtaining valid information on past exposures from personal interview may be difficult. The role of experts such as industrial hygienists or agronomists in estimating pesticide exposures could improve the validity of data. The aims of this study are to compare occupational pesticides exposures determined by self-reports and experts, and to examine the discrepancies patterns of exposure ratings obtained by two methods. Self-report exposure information was derived from a case-control study of aplastic anemia in Thailand. Expert judgments were used to assign levels of exposure toward 4 different pesticides among 476 job titles. A standardized instrument was developed based on exposure probability, frequency, intensity and confidence rating. There was a poorappropriateness on pesticide exposure ratings obtained by two methods. Expert cited that grain farmers were the most exposed group among job titles from four pesticides; however, almost grain farmers denied the exposures. There was a discrepancy in reporting the exposure; case groups, youth, male and higher incomes were more likely to report the exposures. Due to the uncertainty of exposure estimation from the two methods, combining estimation both of expert and self-report may enhance the utility of both methods and improve the validity of exposure estimation.Key words : Pesticides, exposure, estimation
Unique Infill Configuration To Unlock Additional Barrels in the Boscán Heavy-Oil Water-Injection Project
Authors: Kumar Raushan , Socorro Daniel , Pernalete Marta A. , Gonzalez Karin , Atalay Nilufer , Nava Rafael , Lolley Christopher , Kumar Mridul , Arbelaez Alejandro 
Published: January 2020

Summary
Boscán is a giant multibillion-barrel heavy-oil (10.5 °API and asphaltic) field in Venezuela. Although a large part of the field is on primary production with a low recovery factor (&lt;6%), water injection has been successfully implemented in portions of the field for more than 15 years, with improved recovery. High-mobility-ratio-waterflood (HMRWF) behavior and associated key production mechanisms obtained from detailed field-data analysis and dynamic modeling are presented. A novel and unique infill configuration is also proposed to further improve recovery in this environment with a high (or adverse) mobility ratio.
Water injection in such heavy oil was previously considered not effective by the industry because of adverse mobility ratio. However, water injection for pressure maintenance (WIPM) was successfully implemented using a new pattern configuration, a pseudo-1-3-1 inverted- spot pattern (an additional row of producers between conventional-pattern rows). Field-data and reservoir-simulation models show increased reservoir pressure up to the second row of producers from the injector. The pressure support is used to significantly improve recovery using the unique configuration at low water cut. WIPM has already resulted in significant reserves addition. Current production from water-injection areas is approximately 40,000 MBOPD (or approximately 47% of field production).
However, it is estimated that because of high oil viscosity, a significant amount of oil remains bypassed in the WIPM area. An infill opportunity was identified from an integrated reservoir-management study that included detailed WIPM data analysis and dynamic (mechanistic and full-field) modeling. A unique infill configuration is proposed that conceptually uses the current injectors with an additional row of producers between the existing first and second row of the producers. This configuration has the potential to economically unlock millions of barrels of bypassed oil and significantly increase recovery in this prolific heavy-oil field.
This study provides insights into HMRWF behavior, evaluating the relative effect of displacement vs. pressure. The unique and novel infill configuration can be used to improve recovery, a step vital to monetize this large resource in the low-price environment.
A Numerical Assessment of Carbon-Dioxide-Rich Two-Phase Flows with Dense Phases in Offshore Production Pipelines
Authors: Pasqualette Marcelo de A. , Carneiro João N. E. , Johansen Stein Tore , Løvfall Bjørn Tore , Fonseca Roberto , Ciambelli João R. P. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryOne-dimensional numerical simulations of carbon dioxide (CO2)-rich crude-oil flows were performed with a commercial simulator for a typical offshore production pipeline under steady-state scenarios. Mixtures with 20–50 mol% CO2 and gas/oil ratio (GOR) of 300–600 std m3/std m3 were thermodynamically modeled with the predictive Peng-Robinson (PPR78) equation of state (EOS) (Robinson and Peng 1978; Jaubert and Mutelet 2004), and fluid properties were tabulated in pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) lookup tables. Thorough analyses on the separate CO2 and GOR effects on several flow parameters (e.g., temperature drop, pressure gradient, and flow patterns) were performed. The occurrence of the simultaneous flow of liquid and an ambiguous dense phase was quantified and discussed in depth. The properties of those phases [e.g., Joule-Thomson coefficient, viscosity, interfacial tension (IFT), and gas/liquid-density ratio] along the pipeline for several mixtures and operational conditions were addressed as well. It was seen that the dense phase can be a problem for phase-identification criteria, which can affect the flow-simulation results. This was further analyzed in simple cases of horizontal and vertical flows of CO2-rich crude-oil mixtures, under key temperature/pressure conditions. Finally, comparisons were performed between the holdup and pressure-gradient results of those cases, obtained with different liquid/liquid- and gas/liquid-modeling approaches of a hydrodynamic point model of a commercial simulator.
Clinical characteristics and potential biomarkers for disease activity of patients with ANCA associated vasculitis: a monocenter study in China
Authors: Liu Yun , Ma Lili , Ji Zongfei , Chen Rongyi , Kong Xiufang , Sun Ying , Chen Huiyong , Ji Yuan , Hou Yingyong , Jiang Lindi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and serological features of patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) in eastern China using data from a hospital-based study. And looking for indicators that can predict disease activity. Methods: We retrospectively studied patients with newly diagnosed AAV evaluated from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2018 . In total, 219 patients diagnosed were classified according to the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria and/or revised Chapel Hill 2012 definitions, and their clinical and serological features were evaluated. The association of laboratory data with disease activity was assessed via regression models. Results: Of 219 incident cases of AAV, 37/219 (16.9%) had granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), 172/219 (78.5%) were microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and 10/219 (4.6%) had eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). The mean age at diagnosis of patients with GPA were 51.5 years (male/female, 18/19), MPA were 61. 7 years (male/female, 84/88), and EGPA were 49.8 years ( male/female, 7/3), respectively. Patients with MPA were significantly older than GPA and EGPA at diagnosis ( p <0.001). ANCAs tested positive in 207 (94.5%) of cases: 167 (80.7%) were MPO-ANCA and 40 (19.3%) were PR3-ANCA. Lung, skin, nervous system symptoms were the most common in EGPA. For GPA, ear–nose–throat (ENT) symptoms and lungs involvement were the most common. Renal and lung involvement occurs most frequently in MPA. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, higher anti-MPO antibody ( 149.4 IU/ml), higher hypersensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP, 62.5 mg/L), lower hemoglobin ( 113.5g/L), and higher complement 4 (C4, >0.215 g/L) were proved to be independent risk factors for active disease. Further research showed that C4 had higher sensitivity (70.0%) and specificity (83.4%) than the other three indicators. Conclusion: MPO-ANCA-positive MPA is the most common form of AAV in Chinese patients. Serum C4 concentrations at diagnosis might be a useful biomarker of disease activity in AAV.
iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) identified major host proteins involved in photosystems throughout the aging process
Authors: He Conglian , Sun Shubin , Tang Yun , He Chenggang , Li Pengfei , Xu Tianyang , Zhao Gaokun , Zou Congming , Lin Zhonglong , Chen Yi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Leaf senescence is one of the most common manifestations in plant senescence and has an important effect on photosynthesis. However, the molecular regulation of leaf senescence in response to photosynthesis is still poorly understood. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underpinning tobacco, we integrated photosynthesis, organelle ultrastructural, and proteomic analyses of tobacco leaves during senescence.Results The photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO 2 concentration, tomatal conductance, transpiration rate showed a downward trend and the stability of organelle decreased with the increasing of tobacco leaves age. iTRAQ and PRM verification were used to analyze the proteins expressed in different periods based on photosynthetic physiology and ultramicroscopic observation. A total of 321, 319, 223 diﬀerentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified from over maturity (OM) vs immature (IM), OM vs well maturity (WM) and WM vs IM, respectively, including 122/199, 124/195 and 125/98 up/down proteins, respectively. KEGG analysis of DEPs was significantly enriched in metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, microbial metabolism in diverse environments, starch and sucrose metabolism. In addition, down-regulated proteins were also involved in metabolic pathways such as carbon sequestration of photosynthetic organisms and photosynthesis. Furthermore, PRM analysis indicated that iTRAQ is highly reliable.Conclusions Our study provided important technical references for screening photosynthetic host proteins of tobacco leaf senescence and revealing the molecular mechanism during the senescence of tobacco leaves.
Construction of health risk assessment index system for assessing the risk of chronic diseases based on the concept of massive health
Authors: Hao Ran , Zhang Meng , Zhao Nan , Zhang Peng , Zhao Rumeng , Hu Jie 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : Massive health, a national strategy in China, calls for maintaining people’s health in an all-round way. This puts forward a new challenge for family doctors (FDs) to improve the ability of chronic diseases management. As the main service force in the community, FDs need to change the service concept and improve their management level of chronic diseases. In the background of massive health, we aimed to construct the health risk assessment index system (HRAIS), with the hope of helping FDs to carry out chronic disease management, especially to identify and monitor main chronic diseases and their risk factors in the community. Methods : Available health indexes, national health databases and chronic disease surveillance systems were reviewed to identify potential indexes and evaluation methods of the indexes. Delphi method was performed to establish the HRAIS, and the analytic hierarchy process was used to calculate the indexes weight. Results : The final HRAIS included 4 first-level indexes and 38 second-level indexes. We also determined the evaluation methods for the 38 indexes. The authority coefficient was 0.86. The Kendall’s W for the two rounds of Delphi consultation were 0.202 and 0.210, respectively ( p < 0.001). The weights of the first-level indexes from high to low were physiological health (0.4094), psychosocial health (0.2895), health-related behaviors (0.2047) and environment (0.0965). Conclusion : The HRAIS is a multi-dimension and multi-index tool, which can be used as a guideline for FDs in early screening, early intervention and classified management of main chronic diseases. Keywords : Chronic diseases, Health risk assessment, Index system, Family doctors, Massive health
Digital Health Literacy and Sport-Physical Activities: The Moderating Role of Age
Authors: Moric Ilija , Pekovic Sanja , Jovanovic Jelena 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : The present study extends understanding of digital health literacy by exploring issues that clarify how and when sport-physical activities enhance digital health literacy measured by four types of health-related information searched on the Internet i.e., general health information, information on a specific injury or condition, specific information on a medical treatment or procedure and information regarding second opinion after visiting a doctor. Methods: We employ Tobit model on the large European data (N=5,318). Results: We find support for direct relation between sport-physical activities and digital health literacy. In addition, we find that the effect of sport-physical activities on digital health literacy is reversed when interacted with age. Conclusion: This evidence is consistent with the view that sport-physical activities can be considered as an important tool for digital health literacy improvement but only under certain socio-demographic characteristics.
The association between physical activity and hypertension among HIV positive and negative populations in rural South Africa.
Authors: Mayasi Benjamin Zebita , Nelson Gil , Klipstein-Grobusch Kerstin , Peter Asaga Mac 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background Hypertension is a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa, with considerable under- diagnosis, poor management, and lack of community-wide preventive strategies. Hypertension is a common condition in South Africa and is a risk factor for heart attacks, stroke, left ventricular hypertrophy, renal disease, and blindness. In this research study, we identify and examine the trend of physical activity within South Africa's HIV-positive and negative rural communities. Methods This was a secondary analysis of cross sectional survey data from the Agincourt Health and Socio-Demography Surveillance System Site (AHDSS) that were collected over a period of 10 months, from August 2010 to May 2011. All 4436 individuals participating in the AHDSS survey were included. The inclusion criteria for the survey were from aged 15 years or older, and a permanent resident according to the 2009 census. The participants were interview (approximately 45 minutes) on chronic disease risk factor [applying] a questionnaire; anthropometric measurement were taken, blood pressure (BP); point-of care analysis of lipids and glucose; and dried blood spot collections for HIV and ELISA testing were conducted. ResultsThe research findings showed a significant/strong association between hypertension and HIV in both univariate and multivariate analysis. In many developed countries, the prevalence of hypertension among HIV-positive individuals varies between 8% and 39%. A study in Kenya reported a lower prevalence of 7.4%–11.2%, compared with 22.1%– 32.2% in study. ConclusionHypertension is common in HIV-infected adults and is likely because of a combination of known risk factors, levels of physical activities/sedentary way of life, HIV-specific factors, and ART. There is a need for broad, global cohort studies to improve our knowledge and understanding of the above named subject matter, interventional studies are needed to discover new approaches in hypertension and HIV-infected individuals in South Africa and sub-Saharan Africa to avoid and manage hypertension and hypertension-related cardiovascular diseases among HIV infected persons especially in this era of epidemiologic and demographic transition in LMICs.
Impact of lung compliance on neurological outcome in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Kim June-Sung , Kim Youn-Jung , Kim Muyeol , Ryoo Seung Mok , Sohn Chang Hwan , Ahn Shin , Kim Won Young 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) following cardiac arrest is common and associated with in-hospital mortality. We aimed to investigate whether lung compliance during targeted temperature management is associated with neurological outcome in patients with ARDS after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).Methods This observational study was conducted in the emergency intensive care unit from January 2011 to April 2019 using data from a prospective patient registry. Adult patients (age ≥18 years) who survived non-traumatic OHCA and subsequently developed ARDS based on the Berlin definition were included. Mechanical ventilator parameters such as peak inspiratory pressure, tidal volume, minute ventilation, positive end expiratory pressure, and compliance were recorded for 7 days or until death, and categorized as maximum, median, and minimum. The primary outcome was favorable neurological outcome defined as Cerebral Performance Category score 1 or 2 at hospital discharge.Results Of 246 OHCA survivors, 119 (48.4%) patients developed ARDS. A favorable neurologic outcome was observed in 23 (19.3%). Patients with favorable outcome had significantly higher lung compliance (38.6 cm H 2 O vs 27.5 cm H 2 O), lower inspiratory pressure (12.0 cm H 2 O vs 16.0 cm H 2 O), and lower peak inspiratory pressure (17.0 cm H 2 O vs 21.0 cm H 2 O) than those with poor neurologic outcome (all P <0.01). In time-dependent cox regression models, all maximum (hazard ratio [HR] 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-1.08), minimum (HR 1.08, 95% CI 1.04 – 1.12), and median (HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03-1.10) compliances were independently associated with good neurologic outcome. Median compliance > 31.4 mL/cm H 2 O at day 1 had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.732) with positive predictive value of 90%.Conclusion Lung compliance may be an early predictor of neurologic intact survival in patients with ARDS following cardiac arrest.
Impact of co-morbidities on the mortality of patients with status epilepticus and the utility of RCBI score in evaluating the mortality of status epilepticus
Authors: Zhang Yu , Chen Deng , Zhu Li-na , liu ling 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the influential factors of complications on prognosis of patients with status epilepticus, modify the Complication Burden Index （CBI）into the Rankin CBI（RCBI）, and analyze its practicability in status epilepticus in western China. Method: A total of 396 patients with status epilepticus were studied from December 2016 to January 2019 in West China Hospital. The clinical data were collected, including demographic characteristics, status epilepticus characteristics. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 and MedCalc ROC，and logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of hospitalization death and poor prognosis (GOS scale is 1-3). Results: Of the 396 patients with status epilepticus included in the study, 43 (10.9%) died in hospital and 114 (28.8%) had poor prognosis. Using ROC curve analysis, when RCBI > 3, the area under the ROC curve of hospitalization death was 0.914 , p < 0.0001; When RCBI > 3, the area under ROC curve for poor prognosis was 0.882, p < 0.0001. There were 327 people with convulsive status epilepticus, including 41 deaths. When RCBI>3, the area under the hospital mortality curve was 0.915 (p<0.0001). A total of 100 patients had a poor prognosis. When RCBI>3, the area under the poor prognosis curve was 0.867 (p<0.0001). Conclusions: The hospital mortality rate of patients with status epilepticus is 10.9%. RCBI >3 points had a certain significance for predicting hospitalization death and poor prognosis of status epilepticus. There were no significant differences in RCBI scales for convulsive status epilepticus and non-convulsive status epilepticus.