bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upscaling Remote Estimation on Relative Abundance of Chengal Trees in Tropical Rainforest using Modified Canopy Fractional Cover (mCFC) Approach
Authors: Hassan N , Hashim M , Numata S , Tarmidi M Z 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Forest degradation and deforestation is crucial to be monitored. Thus, aggressive sustainable forest management is needed. Tree species composition estimations at large spatial scale is crucial to achieve sustainable forest management and monitor forest degradation and deforestation occurrences. Thus, monitoring by using remotely sensed data would be helpful to cover large spatial extend of tropical rainforest. However, due to coarse spatial resolution the estimation of tree species composition nearly impossible due to mixing pixel problem. Nonetheless, utilizing modified Canopy Fractional Cover (mCFC) would help to overcome mixing pixels in coarse spatial resolution satellite data. Accuracy of the results suggest that mCFC is suitable to be utilized for estimating relative abundance of Chengal at large extend area.
Development of landscape forest performance index to assess forest quality of managed forests
Authors: Afizzul M Muhamad , Yasmin Y Siti , Hamdan O 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Besides timber and economic benefits, forest ecosystems provide other ecosystem services related to biological diversity and environmental functions of forests. Assessing some of the ecosystem services, which can be an indicator of forest quality at a landscape level requires the use of geospatial technology to achieve it. The aim of this work is to develop a forest performance index at the landscape level for mangrove forests. Several ecosystem services were identified and selected as indicators. The target value was set for each indicator and calculated into percentage value, which indicates progression to the target value, combined from field and geospatial data. The forest performance index was then produced by combining all indicators to get an overall performance of one particular forest area with respect to the target. The index was developed and tested at one of the best managed mangrove forests in the world, which is Matang Mangrove Forest Reserve (MMFR) in Perak. Based on the index that has been developed, the forest quality of MMFR, which consists of 19 forest reserves, is classified as good forest with an overall score of 72 percent. Pulau Kecil and Telok Kertang forest reserves have shown a very good forest quality with an overall score over 80 percent. Other 17 forest reserves in MMFR shown good forest quality with a ranged index of 68.8 to 78.4 percent. This work can be a tool for assessing forest quality at landscape level for decision support in sustainable landscape management and can be applied on other regions.
Relationship of vegetation indices and SPAD meter readings with sugarcane leaf nitrogen under Pampanga Mill District, Philippines condition
Authors: Suplito M R , David F B , Olalia L C 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient in sugarcane that promotes vegetative growth and yield development. A study was conducted to evaluate the relationship of vegetation indices (NDVI and GNDVI) and SPAD meter readings with sugarcane leaf N and to introduce the best sampling date for the evaluation of plant N. SPAD meter readings (SMR), soil moisture, NDVI and GNDVI were gathered from 15 sampling sites in Pampanga Mill District, Philippines under different N fertilization practices and these were correlated with actual plant N. Six to thirteen, 21-28, 36-43, 100-107 and 147-154 days after fertilization (DAF) were sampling dates maintained each location. Results showed that SMR has a high positive correlation with plant N (0.86, 6-13 DAF), GNDVI (0.80, 147-154 DAF), soil moisture (0.79, 147-154 DAF) and NDVI (0.73, 147-154 DAF). Among sampling dates, it was recommended that 21 to 28 DAF using GNDVI and SPAD meter is best sampling date for evaluation of plant N status; since it coincides with stalk elongation stage and grand growth phase when rapid leaf production and vigorous vegetative development occur. Measurement of vegetation index and SPAD meter readings have potential in evaluating plant N through rapid assessment and ground validation, respectively.
Assessment of LULC Change and Its Impact on Soil Erosion Using GIS and Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Model
Authors: Samsudin Sarah Hanim , Abdul Razad Azwin Zailti , Setu Anita , Ismail Mohd. Nadzari 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Land use is one of the vital factors in estimating soil erosion over an area. Significant changes in spatio-temporal land use distribution might lead to water runoff which causes soil erosion events. It is important to assess the soil erosion risk for hydropower reservoir as part of sediment management activities. This study aims to assess the impact of land use and land cover (LULC) changes on soil erosion risk at Chenderoh catchment in Perak. LULC distribution within the study area was mapped for 2008, 2010 and 2015 by using land use maps obtained from Department of Agriculture, Malaysia. The soil loss rate was measured using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) utilizing spatial data of rainfall factor, soil erodibility, topographical factor, conservation factor, and support practice factor. Average soil loss was calculated according to sub-catchment of Chenderoh, and it is found that the soil loss trend marginally increases from year 2008 to 2015. Based on soil erosion risk map results, it is found that conversion of forest land to agriculture is the main contributor to soil loss, which might be due to land clearance and agriculture practice activities.
Investigating the Impact of Land Use Change on Sediment Yield for Hydropower Reservoirs through GIS Application
Authors: Abdul Razad A Z , Samsudin S H , Setu A , Abbas N A , Sidek L Mohd , Basri H 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Reservoir sedimentation is one of the most common lakes and reservoirs degradation. With land use change and more development in the catchment area, soil loss becomes more imminent causing more sediment yield into the reservoir. With this uprising trend, it is important to predict sediment yield using soil loss (RUSLE) and sediment delivery ratio (SDR). This modelling is simplified in GIS. This paper compiles prediction of sediment yield for reservoirs in Malaysia based on soil loss model (RUSLE) calculated in GIS for Cameron Highlands and Chenderoh (Perak). The analysis show that land use change increases sediment yield. Sediment yield rate for reservoirs in Cameron Highlands is higher than the sediment yield rate for Chenderoh.
Assessment of climate change impact on future streamflow at Bernam river basin Malaysia
Authors: Ismail H , Rowshon M K , Hin L S , Abdullah A F B , Nasidi N M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Climate change is anticipated to bring variability in future streamflows in various watersheds. Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT 2012 version) was evaluated using streamflow data (1976–2006), and assessed the potential impacts of climate change driven by projections from ten global climate models (GCMs) under three Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) scenarios (RCPs 4.5, 6.0 and 8.5) on future streamflow (2010-2039), (2040-2069) and (2070-2099) at the Bernam River Basin, Malaysia. The model efficiency during calibration and validation, with coefficient of determination (R2), Nash-sutcliffe efficiency (NS), Percent Bias (PBIAS) and Root mean square error-standard deviation ratio (RSR) is 0.67, 0.62, -5.4 and 0.64; and 0.64, 0.61, -4.2 and 0.65, respectively. This shows that SWAT coupled with GIS extension is a good tool for continuous simulation. Future streamflow is projected to decrease in all future periods during main and off-seasons. However, the changes would be more pronounced during the off-season period with a significant decrease of -9.14 % under the worst-case scenario (RCP8.5). Therefore, the Basin may likely to experience tremendous pressure in the late century due to low streamflow, particularly during the off-season months.
Mapping Seasonal Variations of Grazing Land Above-ground Biomass with Sentinel 2A Satellite Data
Authors: Zumo Isa Muhammad , Hashim Mazlan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Seasonal variations have brought about significant changes in vegetation cover and spatial distribution in the past decade. Globally, grazing lands are experiencing a significant warming and drying process more especially the grazing lands in the Savannah and Sahel regions. This paper reports the study undertaken for mapping changes on the grass above ground biomass (GAB) due to these seasonal changes using Sentinel 2A Multispectral Instrument (MSI) data. Emphasising on the GAB, the main objective of this study is to map and model monthly GAB variations to their corresponding meteorological data. A set of selected widely used vegetation indices were applied to satellite data, and later were further regressed against corresponding in-situ GAB samples and weather data, hence, producing a predictor of GAB from satellite data. Sentinel 2A MSI data were acquired monthly from January to December 2018. Combined with precipitation and temperature data, the GAB variations on monthly scales were analysed. The results indicated that GAB determined and its seasonal variations shown good agreement (r = 0.8, p < 0.001) with corresponding in-situ verifications. Temperature was found inversely proportionally to GAB for the whole grazing calendar. Therefore, it was concluded that mapping GAB seasonal variations is achievable with Sentinel2 MSI, vast potential for input to grazing land management.
The Development of Continuous Hydrographic Datum Using Geodetic Based Approaches: A Review
Authors: Abd Rahman Mohd Faizuddin , Md Din Ami Hassan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The development of a continuous hydrographic datum along the coastal region for a precise datum determination for any hydrographic survey works is very important. The development started in 2005 by France that developed the first phase of Bathymetry with reference to the Ellipsoid (BATHYELLI) and its second phase in 2011. Then in 2009, the United Kingdom with collaboration with Ireland developed the Vertical Offshore Reference Frame (VORF), followed by the Continuous Chart Datum for Canadian Water (CCDCW) in 2010 by the Canadian Hydrographic Services (CHS) and Canadian Geodetic Survey (CGS). Then in 2018, Netherlands and Belgium collaborate to develop Vertical Reference Frame for the Netherlands (NEVREF) that consist of two elements which are Netherlands Quasi-Geoid 2018 (NLGEO2018) model and also Netherlands Lowest Astronomical Tide 2018 (NLLAT2018) model. Finally, the latest development of continuous hydrographic datum was conducted by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) in 2019, a system known as Saudi Continuous Chart Datum (SCCD). Therefore, this paper provides a review of the approaches in creating a continuous hydrographic datum which encompasses the usage of tide gauge station, satellite altimetry, and interpolation algorithm, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Geoid Model and Hydrodynamic Ocean Tide Models. The findings show that the integration of tidal station, satellite altimetry, GNSS levelling and geoid model is the most appropriate solution for a continuous and accurate hydrographic datum along the coastal line. Finally, the future research direction is also discussed in this review paper.
Development of GIS Database for Infrastructure Management: Power Distribution Network System
Authors: Rahman M A , Abdul Maulud K N , Saiful Bahri M A , Hussain M S , Ridzuan Oon A O , Suhatdi S , Che Hashim C H , Mohd F A 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInfrastructure management is an integral part of management in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). One of the important infrastructures is the power distribution network system. Integration of Geographical Information System (GIS) in the power distribution system provides an upgrade in method to collect, store, and handle the data more professionally. Web-GIS application platform allows online data sharing for authorizing the users to get access to spatial and non-spatial data of the power system. Interactive online mapping provides three important modules that are viewing the module, statistical module and query module. These three proposed module is to help the user become more understanding of the related data. This paper describes how the process starting from data collection until the production of Web-GIS for online data sharing in the electrical distribution network system in UKM. The proposed online application integrates all the spatial data with complete power distribution information. This Geospatial system is able to enhance the management quality for a better sustainable campus.
Paddy Monitoring in Seberang Perak, Malaysia Using Multi-Temporal Sentinel-1 Data
Authors: Hameed Azhar Abed , Mohamed Shariff Abdul Rashid Bin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Rice is considered the main food source for over 40% of the world population and plays a crucial role in countries’ food security, food management, and economic aspects. The value of SAR remote sensing in agricultural studies has its source of illumination and not limited to cloud cover. This makes it highly preferable over optical sensors in cloud-shrouded countries. The objective of the study is to assess the capability of Sentinel-1 data for determining paddy planting methods, identifying unhealthy paddy and an attempt made to differentiate rice varieties through correlation of in situ measurements and temporal variation of SAR backscattered signals. Six Sentinel-1 images are stacked to cover the entire paddy lifecycle. The correlated field data and plant backscatter showed that transplanted paddy has backscatter higher than broadcasted paddy. Two drops of paddy backscatter coefficient occurred, the first one, at the reproductive stage when paddy was attacked by bacteria and the second drop was at the ripening stage due to the attack of pests. The five rice varieties planted in Seberang Perak, Malaysia had the backscatter with insignificant differences that cannot confirm the Sentinel-1 capability to differentiate planted rice varieties. According to the obtained results, the time series of Sentinel-1 data has the capability for paddy rice growth monitoring.
Identification Spectral Signature of Weed Species in Rice using Spectroradiometer Handheld Sensor
Authors: Norasma C Y N , Alahyadi L A N , Fazilah F F W , Aliaa Roslan Siti Nur , Tarmidi Z 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Productions of rice in Malaysia is less compared to other rice producers such as Thailand. One of the reasons is lack of management in weeds. Losses due to weeds must be solved in rice production system, they interfere with the activities involved in the field throughout crop growing period. The main problem in rice field is to detect the presence of weeds among the paddy plant. It is hard to detect from plain sight for weeds in the green field by farmers. This research developed a technique to detect and control the weeds in the rice field. Spectral signature of weeds was collected and stored in the mobile apps for weed management application. The spectral signature of weeds species is unique and has their own characteristics. It can be used as a reference on how to detect weeds in the rice field using remote sensing. In this study, the result outcomes are mainly targeting to help all the paddy farmers in Malaysia to increase their production numbers of paddy. In addition, paddy farmers will be introduced with much advance technique to spot on the weeds that have been infesting in their paddy field and can prepare with what strategy to control on different kind of weeds. Different weed species has different physiological characteristics and it requires different type of strategy to counter the growth in the paddy field. Every weed in the paddy field need to be recognized in order to plan a control strategy. By using only naked eyes of a human and the limited view through the side view of the paddy field contributes to the problem of recognizing type of weeds that infesting the area.
Assessment of arable lands use in the VEGA satellite monitoring services on the example of Primorsky Krai, Russia
Authors: Denisov P V , Kashnitskiy A V , Loupian E A , Sereda I I , Tolpin V A , Troshko K A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The paper considers the possibility of arable lands use assessing by the facilities of satellite monitoring services VEGA. The services provide access to archived and operational satellite data of various spectral bands, spatial resolution and time ranges. They also implement various tools for interactive and automated processing of this data. These include comparative visual analysis of multi-temporal satellite imagery, visual analysis of multi-temporal color composites and graphs of vegetation indices dynamics, pixel-based and object-based classification. The main features of cultivated and abandoned arable lands are considered on the example of Primorsky Krai, Russia. It is shown that the object-based classification tool implemented in the services allows user to classify cultivated and abandoned arable lands with an accuracy above 90%.
Clay-carbonate aggregation in alluvial calcareous soils, Central Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Kharitonova G V , Shein E V , Mikayilov F D , Dembovetskiy A V , Konovalova N S , Erol S A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
An unexpectedly high infiltration capacity was determined for heavy-textured, clayey alluvial calcareous soils (Calcic Haploxerepts) in central Anatolia, Turkey, presumably due to the specific mineralogical contents. In order to unravel the phenomenon, clay mineralogy and morphology, soil microaggregate composition, and carbonate accumulations were studied in these soils via X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive analyses. Calcite and layered minerals were the principal components of the fine fraction. The percentages of clay, silt, and sand were 45, 54, and 1%, respectively. Illites were dominant in the clay fraction – 43–49%, whereas the content of smectites was rather small – 4– 6%. The results indicated that the principal factors of the high hydraulic capacity of the soils were (1) illitization, a process that is typical for arid and semi-arid soils, and (2) microaggregation involving pedogenic calcite, resulted in the formation of clay–calcite ultra-microaggregates maintaining elongated 3–10 μm in diameter micropores.
Simulation in the tasks of environmental monitoring of groundwater
Authors: Kozhevnikova T V , Manzhula I S , Kondratieva L M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
An algorithm has been developed that allows the processing of experimental data that are included in the external monitoring database of the Tunguska groundwater deposit. The problem of groundwater quality deterioration due to river filtration is exacerbated during severe floods. In the work, the selection of mathematical methods for solving the problems of simulation modeling is performed. The possibility of applying the methods of k-means cluster analysis, tree clustering and principal component analysis to extract similar objects from experimental data is shown. Mathematical methods are used to identify patterns and assess the impact of floods on the Amur river on the quality of groundwater in the Tunguska field, from the standpoint of multivariate analysis. The results of using the algorithm are presented on the example of a sample from the database on the content of aromatic compounds in groundwater samples from wells and the Penzenskaya Protoka. It was established that the Penzenskaya Protoka is isolated by indicators of the content of organic compounds, and the wells are grouped by the year of sampling, which indicates significant differences in the content of aromatic compounds in groundwater in the river filtration zone. The hypothesis of a significant impact of the 2013 flood on the Amur river was indirectly confirmed on the quality of groundwater.
Recycling of waste from housing and communal services into secondary material resources based on the study of the qualitative composition of sewage sludge from Blagoveshchensk treatment facilities
Authors: Molchanova T G , Shelkovkina N S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The article considers the possibility of introducing low-waste technology as a method of production. It allows to have the most rational and integrated use of raw materials and energy in the cycle of raw resources, production, consumer and secondary resources, so that any impact on the environment does not disrupt its normal functioning. Intensification of agriculture and insufficient introduction of organic matter into the soil lead to a decrease in humus, which is the main fertilizer. Hence, there is an urgent need to maximize the production of all types of organic fertilizers, including non-traditional ones. Therefore, the priority aim in this field is to identify the possibility of using sewage sludge as a fertilizer to produce a good environmentally safe crop.
Land conservation as an integral part of the land use planning process
Authors: Makannikova M V , Belmach N V , Lapshakova L A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The article addresses the current issue facing the areas with ecological instability of landscapes due to the lands having experienced more than 70% of agricultural development and 50% of plowing. The presented data shows that the ecological stability of the area under study is unstable (0.06), with pronounced instability, and high anthropogenic load on the landscape (3.7). We assessed the results of monitoring the condition and use of lands in the Ivanovo district of the Amurskaya oblast, which showed that 254,811.91 hectares of land are exposed to natural and anthropogenic negative impact. Waterlogging causes the maximum natural negative impact – 171,333.32 hectares, so we propose to carry out the reconstruction of the Klyuchevskaya drainage system in the Ivanovo district on a land plot of 2,106 hectares, l allowing for more than 300 hectares of arable land to be used for agricultural purposes. To cope with the identified negative processes, we propose to implement the activities into the land-use planning scheme of the Ivanovo district. This will contribute to the restoration of significant land areas and their inclusion in agriculture. If these measures are introduced, the gross output and net income (28,238 million rubles, including the operating costs) will increase.
Efficiency of use of feed additives from local resources in cattle feed
Authors: Naumova L I , Klyuchnikova N F , Klyuchnikov M T 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The problem of inadequate feeding in livestock production and associated significant economic losses has increased interest in the use of local natural feed resources in the diets of farm animals. In the last decade, domestic and international practice has proved that the use of biologically active substances in animal and poultry feed allows to get more products while reducing feed costs. It has been established that diets that are balanced for amino acid composition, vitamins and minerals increase the productive indicators of cattle by up to 30%. We thus conducted research on the use of the following natural adaptogens in farm animal feed as sources of trace elements and vitamins: Patrinia scabeosolistnaya, pine nut husk flour, brown seaweed from the Okhotsk sea, and dioecious nettle. Positive changes were noted in the experimental group. During the experimental period a larger gross milk yield was obtained, and the content of the mass fraction of fat in milk was also higher in the experimental group. Due to higher productivity in the experimental group of animals, there was a decrease in feed costs per unit of production.