bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tractor: A framework allowing for improved inclusion of admixed individuals in large-scale association studies
Authors: Atkinson Elizabeth G. , Maihofer Adam X. , Kanai Masahiro , Martin Alicia R. , Karczewski Konrad J. , Santoro Marcos L. , Ulirsch Jacob C. , Kamatani Yoichiro , Okada Yukinori , Finucane Hilary K. , Koenen Karestan C. , Nievergelt Caroline M. , Daly Mark J. , Neale Benjamin M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAdmixed populations are routinely excluded from medical genomic studies due to concerns over population structure. Here, we present a statistical framework and software package,Tractor,to facilitate the inclusion of admixed individuals in association studies by leveraging local ancestry. We testTractorwith simulations and empirical data focused on admixed African-European individuals.Tractorgenerates ancestryspecific effect size estimates, can boost GWAS power, and improves the resolution of association signals. Using a local ancestry aware regression model, we replicate known hits for blood lipids in admixed populations, discover novel hits missed by standard GWAS procedures, and localize signals closer to putative causal variants.
SDE2 Integrates into the TIMELESS-TIPIN Complex to Protect Stalled Replication Forks
Authors: Rageul Julie , Park Jennifer J. , Zeng Ping Ping , Lee Eun-A , Yang Jihyeon , Hwang Sunyoung , Lo Natalie , Weinheimer Alexandra S. , Schärer Orlando D. , Yeo Jung-Eun , Kim Hyungjin 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTProtecting replication fork integrity during DNA replication is essential for maintaining genome stability. Here, we report that SDE2, a PCNA-associated protein, plays a key role in maintaining active replication and counteracting replication stress by regulating the replication fork protection complex (FPC). SDE2 directly interacts with the FPC component TIMELESS (TIM) and enhances TIM stability and its localization to replication forks, thereby aiding the coordination of replisome progression. Like TIM deficiency, knockdown of SDE2 leads to impaired fork progression and stalled fork recovery, along with a failure to activate CHK1 phosphorylation. Moreover, loss of SDE2 or TIM results in an excessive MRE11-dependent degradation of reversed forks. Together, our study uncovers an essential role for SDE2 in maintaining genomic integrity by stabilizing the FPC and describes a new role for TIM in protecting stalled replication forks. We propose that TIM-mediated fork protection may represent a way to cooperate with BRCA-dependent fork stabilization.
Plasmodium falciparumsexual parasites regulate infected erythrocyte permeability
Authors: Bouyer Guillaume , Barbieri Daniela , Dupuy Florian , Marteau Anthony , Sissoko Abdoulaye , N’Dri Marie-Esther , Neveu Gaelle , Bedault Laurianne , Khodabux Nabiha , Roman Diana , Houzé Sandrine , Siciliano Giulia , Alano Pietro , Martins Rafael M. , Lopez-Rubio Jose-Juan , Clain Jérome , Duval Romain , Egée Stéphane , Lavazec Catherine 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTTo ensure the transport of nutrients necessary for their survival,Plasmodium falciparumparasites increase erythrocyte permeability to diverse solutes. These New Permeation Pathways (NPP) have been extensively characterized in the pathogenic asexual parasite stages, however the existence of NPP has never been investigated in gametocytes, the sexual stages responsible for transmission to mosquitoes. Here, we show that NPP are still active in erythrocytes infected with immature gametocytes and that this activity declines along gametocyte maturation. Our results indicate that NPP are regulated by cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling cascade during sexual parasite stages, and that the decrease in cAMP levels in mature stages results in a slowdown of NPP activity. We also show that NPP facilitate the uptake of artemisinin derivatives and that phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors can reactivate NPP and increase drug uptake in mature gametocyte-infected erythrocytes. These processes are predicted to play a key role inP. falciparumgametocyte biology and susceptibility to antimalarials.
Plant protein-based diets can replace a fish meal-based diet for sustainable growth and body composition of zebrafish
Authors: Aiyelari Toluwalase Anthony , Chaudhry Abdul Shakoor 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis 3 × 2 factorial study involving three diets at two stocking densities tested the effect of replacing fish meal (FM) with either soybean meal (SBM) or rapeseed meal (RSM) in diets on growth and body composition of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Fish were fed three times daily for eight weeks. Morphometric and water quality parameters were also determined. The survival rate of the fish ranged from 95.2 - 97.8%. The water quality remained within the acceptable limits for tropical aquaculture. The stocking density did not show any significant difference (p>0.05) for the length and weight of the fish. The length, weight and condition factors were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the fish fed FM based diet. The fish length and weight related well (R2) across the diets but this was more significant for RSM than those fed the other two diets. The weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein intake (PI) were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the fish fed the FM based diet than the other diets. No significant differences observed (p>0.05) in the specific growth rate (SGR), food intake (FI) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) among the fish fed the three diets. The crude protein CP, nitrogen-free extract (NFE) and ash contents of these fish did not differ significantly (p>0.05). However, the ether extract (EE) of the fish fed SBM diet was significantly lower (p<0.05 than the other two diets. It appears that both SBM and RSM as sustainable source to partially FM in the diets of zebrafish and similar fish species.
Does opening high-speed railways affect the cost of debt financing? A quasi-natural experiment
Authors: Guo Hongling , Wu Keping 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThis study aims to investigate how opening high-speed railways affects the cost of debt financing based on China's background.Design/methodology/approachUsing panel data on Chinese listed firms from 2008 to 2017, this study constructs a quasi-natural experiment and adopts a difference-in-difference model with multiple time periods to empirically examine the relation between the high-speed railway openings and debt financing cost.FindingsOur results show that opening high-speed railways reduces the cost of debt financing, and this negative correlation is more significant in non-state firms, firms with weaker internal control, and firms that hire non-Big Four auditors. Besides, we explore the impact mechanisms and find that opening high-speed railways improves analyst attention, institutional investor participation, and information disclosure quality, which in turn lowers the cost of debt financing.Research limitations/implicationsThe results imply that the opening of high-speed railways helps to alleviate the information asymmetry and adverse selection between firms and creditors and ultimately reduces the cost of corporate debt financing.Practical implicationsThis paper can inform firms and stakeholders about the impact of opening high-speed railways on debt financing cost: it improves the information environment, reduces the geographical location restrictions of debt financing, ensures the reasonable pricing of corporate debt, and thus promotes the healthy and sound development of the debt market.Originality/valueThis paper provides theoretical support and empirical evidence for the impact of infrastructure construction on the information environment of the debt market in China, which enriches the research on the “high-speed railway economy.” In addition, as an exogenous event, the opening of high-speed railways instantly shortens the time distance between firms and external stakeholders, which gives us a natural environment to conduct empirical research, thus providing a new perspective for financial research on firms' geographical location.
Investigating the extent and impact of director overboardedness using a comprehensive measure
Authors: Mans-Kemp Nadia , Viviers Suzette , Weir Jenna 
Published: May 2020

PurposeDirectors can become overextended when they serve on multiple boards simultaneously. Previous scholars mostly considered directorships held at listed companies. This study aims to investigate the extent and impact of director overboardedness in an emerging market by using a comprehensive measure.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis covered 1,600 directors who served on the boards of the 100 largest companies listed in South Africa over the period 2011–2016. In addition to directorships held at listed companies, board positions at unlisted companies and other entities such as state-owned enterprises were considered. Board committee memberships at the sample companies were furthermore included. Random effects ANOVA was conducted to test for significant differences in board and committee meeting attendance.FindingsTwo-thirds of the considered directors were overboarded when accounting for all their positions. Board committee memberships increased notably over the research period. There was no significant difference in the percentage of board meetings attended between overboarded and non-overboarded directors. However, those directors who held three or more positions simultaneously attended significantly more board committee meetings than their counterparts who held fewer positions. Of the considered committees, the remuneration committee typically had the highest proportion of overboarded directors.Originality/valueEligible board candidates are in high demand given the limited talent pool in South Africa. The findings contradict the busyness hypothesis and suggest that director overboardedness should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.
Unstructured PEEC method with the use of surface impedance boundary condition
Authors: Meunier Gerard , Phan Quang-Anh , Chadebec Olivier , Guichon Jean-Michel , Bannwarth Bertrand , Torchio Riccardo 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to study unstructured-partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) method for modelling electromagnetic regions with surface impedance condition (SIBC) is proposed. Two coupled circuits representations are used for solving both electric and/or magnetic effects in thin regions discretized by a finite element surface mesh. The formulation is applied in the context of low frequency problems with volumic magnetic media and coils. Non simply connected regions are treated with fundamental branch independent loop matrices coming from the circuit representation.

Design/methodology/approach
Because of the use of Whitney face elements, two coupled circuits representations are used for solving both electric and/or magnetic effects in thin regions discretized by a finite element surface mesh. The air is not meshed.

Findings
The new surface impedance formulation enables the modeling of volume conductive regions to efficiently simulate various devices with only a surface mesh.

Research limitations/implications
The propagation effects are not taken into account in the proposed formulation.

Originality/value
The formulation is original and is efficient for modeling non simply connected conductive regions with the use of SIBC. The unstructured PEEC SIBC formulation has been validated in presence of volume magnetic nonconductive region and compared with a SIBC FEM approach. The computational effort is considerably reduced in comparison with volume approaches.
Accelerating an end to smoking: a call to action on the eve of the FCTC’s COP9
Authors: Yach Derek 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
The World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC) is the first treaty negotiated under the auspices of the WHO. This study aims to describe progress toward the framework’s goals, setbacks and strategies to update its articles to optimize outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach
A review of relevant literature, including papers in this special issue, forms the basis for identifying steps necessary to amplify the impact of the FCTC.

Findings
The WHO suggests that there are 1.3 billion users of tobacco globally. The expected deaths associated with tobacco use could be dramatically reduced by hundreds of millions between now and 2060 through measures that improve cessation and harm reduction support among adults. Additional steps needed to achieve the goals of the FCTC include developing new initiatives to address areas of profound neglect (for example, women); investing in global research and innovation; addressing the needs of vulnerable populations; and establishing a mechanism to fund priority actions required by low- and middle-income countries, including support for alternative livelihoods for smallholder farmers.

Practical implications
In November 2020, the WHO FCTC Parties will host their next Conference of the Parties (COP9) in the Netherlands. This paper aims to contribute to the needed policy decisions related to this meeting. Since acceptance of this article, the WHO FCTC team announced that doe to the COVID-19 pandemic COP9 has been rescheduled till November 2021.

Originality/value
There exists a need to prioritize the goals of tobacco control and offer clear strategies for its execution. This paper fills this niche via a thorough and up-to-date analysis of how to amend and enforce the FCTC.
Does tipping facilitate sexual objectification? The effect of tips on sexual harassment of bar and restaurant servers
Authors: Klein Olivier , Arnal Camila , Eagan Sarah , Bernard Philippe , Gervais Sarah J. 
Published: May 2020

PurposeIn many countries, service workers' (e.g. restaurant staff, bartenders) income depends highly on tips. Such workers are often female and targeted by sexual harassment. The purpose of this paper was to investigate whether the mode of compensation (tips vs. no tips) could play a causal role in the perceived legitimacy of sexual harassment.Design/methodology/approachIn an experimental study (N = 161), the authors manipulated the source of income of a fictional female bartender (fixed income vs. smaller fixed income + tips) as well as whether she or her boss chose her (sexualized) clothing. The authors then asked male participants in an online survey to imagine being her customer and to form an impression of her.FindingsThe bartender was viewed as more sexualized, more manipulative and sexual behaviors toward her were perceived as more legitimate when she received tips. Further, the effect of tipping on the legitimacy of sexual behaviors was mediated by perceptions that she was manipulative. The target was perceived as more manipulative when she chose her clothes than not.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is an online scenario study and, as a consequence, assesses only judgments rather than actual behaviors.Practical implicationsEncouraging fixed salaries rather than tipping could reduce the occurrence of sexual harassment.Social implicationsThe present work suggests that tipping may play a detrimental role in service workers' well-being by contributing to an environment in which sexual harassment is perceived as legitimate.Originality/valueTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study showing that mode of compensation can increase the objectification of workers and legitimize sexually objectifying behaviors toward them.
A framework for analyzing how context influences lean leadership
Authors: Seidel André , Saurin Tarcisio Abreu 
Published: May 2020

PurposeAlthough leadership in lean systems is influenced by context, the mechanisms linking contextual factors (CFs) to leadership have not been explored. This study aims to present a framework for analyzing how context influences lean leadership competencies (LLCs).Design/methodology/approachThe framework’s design was based on insights from literature and refined through an empirical study of a large manufacturing plant formally committed to lean. The evolution of CFs over time was monitored in this study, allowing for analyzing how these triggered the need for using LLCs.FindingsThe framework proved to be useful for as follows: the assessment of LLCs in different hierarchical levels; the analysis of how CFs and LLCs interact in specific “leadership events”; and the identification of improvement opportunities for supporting leadership. Four design propositions emerged from the empirical study, offering complimentary guidance for using the framework.Research limitations/implicationsThe framework was tested in one company, and therefore generalizations about its effectiveness need further applications.Practical implicationsThe framework may be used fully or partly by practitioners. For instance, the assessment of LLCs can be used as a standalone tool according to the specific needs of practitioners. Also, by producing rich descriptions of LLCs and CFs, the framework may inform lean leadership development programs.Originality/valueThe framework allows for a systematic analysis of how a broad range of CFs influence LLCs, thus operationalizing an idea that so far has been discussed mostly on a theoretical level.
Unusual venues for business events: key quality attributes of museums and art galleries
Authors: Antchak Vladimir , Adams Eleanor 
Published: May 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to identify the key quality attributes a museum or art gallery should possess and enhance to become an attractive business event venue.

Design/methodology/approach
The research adopted a two-stage case-study methodology. Firstly, three museums were selected in Manchester, UK, to explore the venues’ approaches to hosting business events. These were the Lowry Art Centre, Salford Museum and Manchester Art Gallery. Secondly, a business event at another museum in the city, Science and Industry Museum, was accessed to explore the audiences’ perceptions and industry requirements regarding the organisation of events in museums. In total, 21 qualitative semi-structured and structured interviews were conducted with the event delegates, event planners and museums’ management.

Findings
Thematic analysis was applied to identify three key attributes: venue character, memorability and functionality and feasibility. Venue character refers to the overall appeal of a venue, including its history, status and interior design. Memorability refers to the authenticity and uniqueness of the attendee experience at a corporate event organised in a museum. Finally, functionality and feasibility deals with the availability of functional facilities, space flexibility and diverse venue regulations.

Originality/value
The findings of the research provide valuable insights to both museums and event companies. The research reveals the main benefits and drawbacks of using a museum or an art gallery as a venue for business events and suggests key aspects to consider while staging a business event in a cultural institution. Museums could apply the findings in marketing to emphasise their uniqueness, authenticity and flexibility.
Conundrum of bureaucratic processes and healthcare service delivery in government hospitals in Nigeria
Authors: Kuye Owolabi Lateef , Akinwale Olusegun Emmanuel 
Published: May 2020

PurposeBureaucracy to a large extent entrenches orderliness and productive means of achieving goals in both public and private organisations across the world. However, bureaucracy is not suitable in the management of hospitals due to its peculiar nature of operations. This study investigates the conundrum of bureaucratic processes and health-care service delivery in government hospitals in Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachThe study surveyed 600 outpatients and attendees visiting tertiary and government hospitals in Nigeria using descriptive design to obtained data from the respondents. A research instrument, questionnaire, was used to gather data. Out of the 600 outpatients visiting the 20 hospitals in government and tertiary hospitals, 494 responses were returned from the attendees. The study employed random sampling strategy to collect the information.FindingsThe findings of this study were that service delivery in government hospitals were in adverse position on all the four constructs of bureaucratic dimensions as against quality of service delivery in hospitals in Nigeria. It discovered that bureaucratic impersonality cannot impact on the quality of service delivery in government hospitals in Nigeria. Separation and division of labour among health workers have no significant effect on quality service delivery in government hospitals. Formal rules and regulations (administrative procedure, rules, and policies) prevent quality service delivery in government hospitals in Nigeria. Also, patient’s waiting time was not significant to the quality of service delivery in government hospitals.Research limitations/implicationsThe results are constrained with dimensions of bureaucratic processes. Thus, the implication of this study is that bureaucracy in the Nigerian public hospitals is an unnecessary marriage which should be carefully separated and de-emphasised for quality service delivery in the hospitals to thrive.Practical implicationsLargely, this study is practical essential as it unearths the irrelevant operations procedure that hinder progress in Nigerian hospitals.Originality/valueThe study accomplishes recognised importance to survey how bureaucracy impedes quality service delivery in government hospitals. This study has provided a vital clue to elements that will bring rapid attention to patients’outcome in Nigerian hospitals and health-care facilities which hitherto has not been emphasised. The study has contributed to the existing body of knowledge associated to healthcare service quality in developing country.
Anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism financing: a survey of the existing literature and a future research agenda
Authors: Al-Suwaidi Noura Ahmed , Nobanee Haitham 
Published: May 2020

PurposeThere is a significant focus today on the deficiencies of the financial system as the sector continues to boom while facing the growing pains of financial scandals, money laundering and the financing of terrorism around the world. Here, this study aims to investigate past research and the development of knowledge and practice in the area of countering money laundering and terrorist financing. Additionally, we draw attention to the gaps in the preventive mechanisms adopted by countries to fight against anti-money laundering (AML) and anti-terrorism financing (ATF) and to highlight areas for possible future research.Design/methodology/approachThis study was carried out through a systematic literature review of the existing work on AML and ATF.FindingsThe general findings of the reviewed papers show the deficiencies in the laws, acts and preventive measures meant to fight money laundering and terrorism financing and support the need for more research in this area in terms of law, regulations and technological matters.Originality/valueProviding a concrete understanding of the concept of AML and terrorist financing and contributing the theoretical development in the area.