bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum level of Interleukin (IL)-8, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP)-1 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α in children infected with Entamoeba histolytica
Authors: Ahmed Huda Muneer , Al-Nasiri Fatima Shihab 
Published: May 2020

Entamoeba histolytica is an enteric protozoan parasite which caused tissue invasive amoebiasis. It can induce the production of cytokines (such as IL-8 and TNF-α) and chemokines (such as MCP-1) from intestinal epithelial cells. This study was done to detect the serum level of IL-8, MCP-1 and TNF-α, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, in 60 children affected by amoebiasis to correlate the production of these cytokines with infection and comparison with the healthy persons (n= 30). Three aged groups (1 month- 2 year, 2-4 year and 4-6 year) were entered in the study for patients and healthy controls. The level of IL-8 (37.22 ± 7.06, 37.35 ± 1.981 and 36.45 ± 4.39 pg/ml) in children with amoebiasis were higher significantly compared with the level in healthy children (29.95 ± 4.30, 26.90 ± 4.17 and 25.32 ± 2.31 pg/ml) in all age groups (1 month- 2 year, 2-4 year and 4-6 year, respectively). Significant differences in the level of MCP-1 which were higher (28.92 ± 1.48, 30.85 ± 3.78 and 31.91 ± 6.82 pg/ml) in children with amoebiasis than in healthy children (18.44 ± 0.74, 22.62 ± 6.25 and 18.30 ± 1.43 pg/ml) in all age groups (respectively). Also, the level of TNF-α were higher significantly (58.05 ± 6.90, 55.87 ± 3.81 and 57.32 ± 8.86 pg/ml) in children with amoebiasis compared with healthy children (42.91 ± 2.54, 43.54 ± 3.42 and 42.64 ± 3.47 pg/ml, respectively) in all age groups (respectively). These findings reflect a role of IL-8, MCP-1 and TNF-α in E. histolytica infection.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.068
Effect of photo chemical etching and electro chemical etching on the topography of porous silicon wafers surfaces
Authors: Jassem Amjad Hussein 
Published: May 2020

In This research we study the effect of photo chemical etching and electrochemical etching on topography of porous silicon surfaces, the results showed that photo chemical etching produced roughness silicon layer which can have thickness be less of porous silicon layer which is produced by electro chemical etching When all the wafers have same etching time and hydrofluoric solution (HF) concentration, the wafers have same resistance (10 Ω.cm).
Also the results showed the roughness of porous silicon layers produced by electro chemical method which is bigger than the roughness of porous silicon layers produced by photo chemical method and the results of roughness of porous silicon layers, Pore diameter and porous layer thickness were produced by electro chemical method (1.55(µm) ((0.99(µm)) and ((1.21(µm) respectively), the results of roughness of porous silicon layers, Pore diameter and porous layer thickness were produced by photo chemical method 0.63)) nm -1.55)) (µm) ),so the (84.9 (nm)- and (3.94(nm) respectively .
This is reinforces because of using the electro chemical to etching the wafer surf ace of bulk silicon and changing it to roughness silicon surface be share in success of many practicalities.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.072
Measurement of radionuclides concentration in soil of selected regions of Kirkuk and Salahuddin
Authors: Aman Allah Sabah Mahmoud , Nouri Abdullah Zahim 
Published: May 2020

The present research aims to assess the radionuclides concentration in the soil samples by using the spectroscopy technique of high-purity germanium detector. Four samples of soil were collected at depth of 15 cm for selected regions of Kirkuk and Salahuddin governorates with two samples for the two governorates. The study shows that the activity unit for the 226Ra, 214Pb, 212Pb, 228Ac, and 40K in the studied samples ranged between (11.4±0.7-5.6±1.2) in a rate (9.4±0.85) and in a (3.8± 0.4-29±4) and rate (19.3 ± 5.4) (2± 0.1 – 9.4±0.7) in a rate (6.4±0.54) and (1.6±0.2-11.4±1.2) in a rate (7.95 ± 0.775) and (64.2 ± 4.2-226.2 ± 8) in a rate (172.25 ± 7.7) Bq.kg-1, respectively, as well as, calculated EQ Radium (60.7194-12.8314) Bq.kg-1, activity concentration indicator ( (0.4448-0.096133), internal Risk indicator (0.236988-0.049795), external risk indicator(0.164015-0.03466), values of absorbed dose in air (28.79214-6.23074) nGy.kg-1, the annual effective dose internal factor (0.141243-0.030566) mSv.y-1, the annual effective dose external factor(0.035311-0.007641) mSv.y-1. All these values do not exceed the internationally permissible standards recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) and have no adverse impact, on the human health or the environment.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.074
Structural properties of the composites (BaFe12O19/Ni0.3Cu0.2Zn0.5Al-0.5Fe1.5O4) prepared by sol-gel auto combustion
Authors: Rashid1 Mohammed Mustafa , Fathi2 Sabah J. , Munef Rafea A. , Ahmed1 Bilal Omer 
Published: May 2020

The nanocomposites ferrites (BaFe12O19/Ni0.3Cu0.2Zn0.5Al­0.5Fe1.5O4) with (x=10,25,50,75,90%) were prepared by sol-gel auto combustion. The micro-structural features of the samples were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The results were compared which show that the grain size of the nano composites which prepared by sol-gel auto combustion about (25-46) nm.

http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.075
Traumatic bonding in intimate partner violence: A Relational Family Therapy approach
Authors: Simonič Barbara , Osewska Elzbieta 
Published: May 2020

Intimate partner violence is defined as a form of violence where, in an intimate relationship, physical or psychological acts of violence are committed by a partner or spouse against the other partner or spouse. All of these actions are accompanied by extremely emotional dynamics, which is paradoxical, as we would expect that with the gravity of abusive and violent acts the victims will understand the need for self-protection and appropriate measures. There is a strong emotional bond between the victim and the abuser, which authors call traumatic bonding. It is an emotional dependence between two people in a relationship that is characterized by the feelings of intense attachment, cognitive distortion and behavioural strategies of both individuals that paradoxically strengthen and maintain the bond, which is reflected in a vicious cycle of violence. The termination of such a relationship or the departure from it, from the point of view of attachment which is activated in this situation, seems risky, since the victim seeks refuge in the state of perceived danger, but experiences that - after the outbreak of violence calms down - the refuge is paradoxically offered by the bully. Here we can recognize a pattern of dysfunctional affect regulation that falsely calms difficult (basic) affects and maintains a violent relationship. From the viewpoint of Relational Family Therapy, it is therefore necessary for victims that after breaking off a violent relationship or leaving it they face their painful basic affects and develop proper regulation of these, otherwise they will remain committed to this kind of relationship. Using the case study method, the paper describes the case of a client after she left a violent intimate relationship, with an emphasis on the demonstration of traumatic bonding dynamics and the resolution of their consequences in Relational Family Therapy.
[1] The authors acknowledges partial financial support from the Slovenian Research Agency (project No. J5-9349).
Editorial
Authors: Nurcholis Waras 
Published: May 2020

Puji dan syukur kami panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas rahmat dan hidayahNya, Jurnal Jamu Indonesia Volume 5 No 1 tahun 2020 dapat diterbitkan. Jurnal Jamu Indonesia merupakan media untuk diseminasi hasil penelitian yang berkaitan dengan jamu di Indonesia. Jamu telah dikenal lama penduduk Indonesia sebagai salah satu pengobatan. Berbagai tanaman di Indonesia sangat berpotensi sebagai jamu. Penelitian tanaman obat dari bagian daun, batang, dan rimpang tanaman telah banyak dilakukan dan terus berkembang.
Naskah dalam edisi ini terdapat lima artikel dengan kajian yang beragam. Artikel pertama mengkaji potensi ekstrak etanol dari tanaman daun keji beling (Sericocalyx crispus (L.) Bremek) sebagai penghambat aktivitas enzim a-glukosidase termasuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap standarisasi mutu ekstrak. Pengujian khasiat antifertilitas dari ekstrak etanol, etil asetat, dan heksan daun papaya (Carica papaya L.) secara in vivo dengan hewan model tikus merupakan kajian pada artikel kedua. Ekstrak etanol berdasarkan artikel tersebut berpotensi sebagai antiinfertilitas. Artikel ketiga mengkaji fraksi etil asetat dari ampas tahu sebagai penurun glukosa darah dengan menggunakan hewan model ikan Zebra. Evaluasi teknik ekstraksi terhadap aktivitas antioksidan pada daun ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas) dan Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium guajava) merupakan kajian pada artikel keempat. Artikel kelima melakukan kajian terhadap khasiat pre-klinis fraksi etil asetat ampas tahu dengan menggunakan hewan model yang diinduksi resisten insulin.
Redaksi mengucapkan terima kasih kepada seluruh penulis atas partisipasinya dalam berbagi hasil penelitiannya melalui publikasi di Jurnal Jamu Indonesia. Redaksi juga mengucapkan terima kasih kepada seluruh reviewer atas partisipasinya dalam meningkatkan kualitas tulisan naskah jurnal di edisi ini. Semua hasil karya tersebut akan diarsipkan sebagai dokumentasi berharga demi terjaganya informasi yang dapat menjadi sumber pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan di masa depan. Kontribusi publikasi peneliti-peneliti dan pejuang Jamu Indonesia terus kami harapkan untuk dapat disampaikan di dalam Jurnal Jamu Indonesia ini. Peningkatan kontribusi jumlah dan kualitas tulisan yang telah dan akan dimasukkan akan dapat membantu pengembangan jurnal ini, dan pada saatnya diharapkan juga dapat menjadikan Jurnal Jamu Indonesia menjadi referensi baik secara nasional, maupun internasional.
UJI KUALITAS ORGANOLEPTIK DAN KADAR SERAT PADA PRODUK PANGAN JELLY DRINK BERBAHAN DASAR BUAH AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr) SERTA IMPLIKASINYA PADA MASYARAKAT TANIWEL
Authors: Aliputty Aprilya Claudia , Leiwakabessy Fredy , Pattipeilohy Merry 
Published: May 2020

Background: Sugar palm plants (Arenga pinnata MERR) are plants that have great potential in terms of food shortages. Currently the main product of the palm sugar plantations is the sap of tapping male flowers made of palm sugar, sageru, vinegar and alcoholic drinks. In addition, all parts of the palm treeare useful and can be used for a variety of needs, ranging from roots, stems, leaves, fibers, and the results of their production are roomie, flour and fruit. This study aims to determine the organoleptic quality and jelly fiber content of drinks made from palm fruit (Arenga pinnata Merr).
Methods: This study uses a gravimetric method to determine the levels of fiber in jelly drinks and hedonic methods to test organoleptics.
Results: Based on the results of the analysis it can be concluded that the levels of jelly fiber drinks made from palm fruit are different. In the U-I test code the fiber content was 0,3446 while in the U-II test code it was 0,3127. Organoleptic test on jelly drink made from palm fruit showed the average for color parameters of 3, taste of 4.8, texture of 4.9, and suppleness of 4.5. This research is implied in the form of leaflets to the Taniwel community.
Conclusion: The levels of jelly fiber drinks made from palm fruit are different. Organoleptic testing was carried out by 20 panelists who had tested the parameters of color, taste, texture and suppleness
IDENTIFIKASI PENGUATAN NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER MELALUI BERPIKIR KRITIS GURU BIOLOGI PADA SISWA KELAS XI MAN AMBON
Authors: Johanis Hanisu , Rehena F , Tuaputty Hasan , Rumahlatu Dominggus 
Published: May 2020

Background: The teacher holds an important role in developing and strengthening the education of students' character in a Biology learning process. The character of the teacher is one of the factors that must be developed in the curriculum. Critical thinking includes character and skills which are two things that can not be separated in a person.
Method: This research was conducted in July-August 2018, using a questionnaire distribution method of 60 students and interviews with the head of MAN, deputy head of curriculum, Biology teacher, religion teacher, BK teacher and Committee teacher.
Results: This study shows the character of Biology teachers towards class XI students including the Good category, strengthening the character education of students in the bad category, and critical thinking of Biology teachers in the good category, and the relationship of the character of the Biology teacher.
Conclusion: Strengthening the value of student character education has a strong relationship that is with a value of 0.867.
PERPADUAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN STUDENT FACILITATOR AND EXPLAINING DENGAN COURES REVIEW HORAY DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA SMP NEGERI 7 AMBON
Authors: YangLera Reni S , Rehena J F , Tuapattinaya P M. J 
Published: May 2020

Background: In an effort to improve Biology learning outcomes at school, teachers need to apply learning models that enable students to achieve these needs. One learning model used by researchers is the Student Facilitator and Explaining learning model combined with the Coures Review Horay model. Student Facilitator and Explaining makes students as facilitators, namely providing opportunities for students to explain or convey ideas to other students. While Coures Review Horay asks students to write answers to questions on a given card that has a number.
Method: This research includes descriptive research and analysis used to determine the effectiveness of the application of the model using manual analysis. The data source in this study was students of class VIII-1 SMP Negeri 7 Ambon with a total of 30 students.
Results: The application of the Student Facilitator And Explaining learning model combined with the Course Review Horay model can improve the learning outcomes of the Human Digestive System material in Grade VIII students of SMP Negeri 7 Ambon. This result is seen in the average value obtained at the final value of 79.70.
Conclusion: There are differences in learning outcomes before and after the implementation of the Student Facilitator and Explaining learning model combined with the Coures Review Horay model in the Human Digestive System material.
The Reception of the Council of Nicaea by Ethnic Minorities in the Eastern Roman Empire
Authors: Frenkel Luise Marion 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The continuity and recognition enjoyed by communities which identified themselves with notions condemned in fourth- and fifth-century church councils can be related to the concomitant and interrelated processes of consolidation of historiographic narratives about Christian synods, their materialisation in imperial monuments and texts, and the cultural acceptance of theological and political values and categories. Focusing on the Council of Nicaea, the paper reviews the continuous presence of local Arian communities in Constantinople until the seventh century and the use of “Arian” liturgies in the East. The criteria of orthodoxy are examined in the light of the variant readings of the Ekthesis of the Didascalia CCXVIII Patrum Nicaenum and the prayers attributed to Serapion of Thmuis.
Origene e i suoi sostenitori nei Concili: un ammonimento per la Dogmengeschichte
Authors: Maspero Giulio 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In order to approach the Origenist crises through the category of “minority”, some remarks are needed. It is necessary to avoid any anachronistic projection of modern understanding on the past. But, at the same time, the epistemological challenge could be useful to go beyond historicism in contemporary Dogmengeschichte. The condemnation of Origenism in the mark of the 2nd Council of Constantinople, in fact, presents a deep difference with respect to the Three Chapters issue. The main question at stake was not merely the Emperor’s ecclesiastical politics in view of the unity of the Empire and of the Church. Having recourse to Christian Gnilka’s categories, it can be shown that the 6th century condemnations were the krisis of a chrêsis, that is a judgement on the use of Origen in (Evagrian) monasticism of that time.
Mehrheit und Minderheit in den Anfängen des monenergetisch-monotheletischen Streites
Authors: Ohme Heinz 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The protest of a single monk, the Jerusalem Abbot Sophronios against the union agreed in 633 between Patriarch Kyros of Alexandria and the opponents of the Council of Chalcedon is usually regarded as the beginning of the so-called monenergist-monothelete controversy. This protest against the formulation that, albeit in in two natures, it is one and the same Christ and Son who effects the divine and the human through one divine-human energy led to the so-called Ekthesis, a law composed by Patriarch Sergios of Constantinople and signed by the emperor Herakleios. With this law a supposedly heretical majority, holding the reins of power, wished by means of a prohibition to silence the orthodox minority and their confession of two modes of action and two wills in Christ. In contrast, this paper makes clear that, with the consent of this very minority – including Sophronios –, already in 633 a synodically secured agreement was made to refrain in future from numerical statements about action in Christ. Because Sophronios, since 634 Patriarch of Jerusalem, challenged this agreement, there ensued in 636 a synod on Cyprus with almost ecumenical representation, which was later consigned to silence and has been known only since 1973. Even though the majority at this council rejected the position of Sophronios and Maximos the Confessor on action in Christ, there was a general agreement to appeal to the emperor as arbitrator, who then promulgated the Ekthesis, which was approved by all the churches represented at the Synod, including those of Pope Honorius and Sophronios! An in-depth analysis will show how these facts were reinterpreted or concealed by Maximos in the 640s; for they told against the campaign he initiated in 641 for the anathematization of the Ekthesis and of the patriarchs Sergios and Kyros, which was then brought to accomplishment at the Lateran Synod of 649.
The Council of Constantinople in 869–70: A Minority Council
Authors: Chrysos Evangelos 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Council of Constantinople of 869 was convoked by Emperor Basil I on the demand of pope Hadrian II aiming at concluding the causa Ignatiana et Photiana, actually at the definite condemnation of Patriarch Photius and his followers. The Council in Western historiographical and canonical tradition labelled as the Eighth Ecumenical Council, was in fact a minority council. The instruction of Pope Hadrian II to his representatives in Constantinople that they should collect handwritten libelli emendationis or satisfactionis by all invited bishops as a conditio sine qua non for being permitted to participate at the Council, forced hundreds of invited bishops to choose – with the exception of merely 102 of them – to abstain from participation.
Semi-Analytical Prediction of Flank Tool Wear in Orthogonal Cutting of Aluminum
Authors: Kadhim Osama Ali , Alshamma Fathi 
Published: May 2020

This study aims to model the flank wear prediction equation in metal cutting, depending on the workpiece material properties and almost cutting conditions. A new method of energy transferred solution between the cutting tool and workpiece was introduced through the flow stress of chip formation by using the Johnson-Cook model. To investigate this model, an orthogonal cutting test coupled with finite element analysis was carried out to solve this model and finding a wear coefficient of cutting 6061-T6 aluminum and the given carbide tool.
Punching Shear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Slabs under Fire using Finite Elements
Authors: Gharbi Athraa H. , Mahmoud Akram S. 
Published: May 2020

The main aim of this paper is studied the punching shear and behavior of reinforced concrete slabs exposed to fires, the possibility of punching shear failure occurred as a result of the fires and their inability to withstand the loads. Simulation by finite element analysis is made to predict the type of failure, distribution temperature through the thickness of the slabs, deformation and punching strength. Nonlinear finite element transient thermal-structural analysis at fire conditions are analyzed by ANSYS package. The validity of the modeling is performed for the mechanical and thermal properties of materials from earlier works from literature to decrease the uncertainties in data used in the analysis. A parametric study was adopted in this study, it has many factors such as the ratios of length to thickness, fire temperature, time exposed to fire, concrete compressive strength, area exposed to fires and type of support. It can be concluded from this research the significant factors that affect the punching shear strength. However, the increasing ratio of length to thickness may be lead to increasing the deflection more than 123% at fire condition. Also, the increasing temperature leads to increasing the deflection about 40% at fire condition.
Effect of Maximum Size of Aggregate on the Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Analyzed using Meso Scale Modeling
Authors: Abbas Eman , AlZuhairi Alaa H. 
Published: May 2020

In this study, simply supported reinforced concrete (RC) beams were analyzed using the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM). This is a powerful method that is used for the treatment of discontinuities resulting from the fracture process and crack propagation in concrete. The mesoscale is used in modeling concrete as a two-phasic material of coarse aggregate and cement mortar. Air voids in the cement paste will also be modeled. The coarse aggregate used in the casting of these beams is a rounded aggregate consisting of different maximum sizes. The maximum size is 25 mm in the first model, and in the second model, the maximum size is 20 mm. The compressive strength used in these beams is equal to 26 MPa.
The subjects of this study are two RC beams subjected to a two-point loading designed to fail due to flexure. The RC beams under loading were studied in the laboratory as well as numerically. ABAQUS program was used for modeling and analyzing the RC beams. The mesoscale modeling that was used to model the concrete required used a special program using different programs but has not used the ABAQUS program directly. The result of the comparison between the numerical and experimental showed that the mesoscale numerical model gave results that were more approximate to the experimental ones, and the mesoscale modeling of reinforced concrete is most convenient when the maximum size of aggregate is decreased.