PEMAKAIAN PRIMA FACIE DI AKHIR KES PENDAKWAAN JENAYAH SYARIAH DI MALAYSIA: ISU DAN PENYELESAIAN
Authors: Saifuddin Suhaizad , Mohd Shariff Azam , Md. Said Muhamad Helmi 
Published: February 2020

Latar belakang dan tujuan: Terdapat dua peringkat perbicaraan kes jenayah syariah yang berkaitan dengan pemakaian darjah pembuktian iaitu pada akhir kes pendakwaan dan kes pembelaan. Peruntukan undang-undang yang tidak jelas berkaitan darjah pembuktian di akhir kes pendakwaan telah menyebabkan pemakaian darjah pembuktian yang tidak seragam. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemakaian prima facie sebagai darjah pembuktian di akhir kes pendakwaan jenayah syariah. Selain itu, kajian ini juga cuba untuk mengenalpasti faktor-faktor yang mendorong kepada pemakaian prima facie bagi kes jenayah syariah di negara ini.

Metodologi: Data diperolehi melalui bahan-bahan dokumentasi seperti statut perundangan, kes-kes yang dilaporkan dan yang tidak dilaporkan. Di samping itu, kajian ini telah menemubual enam orang pengamal undang-undang syariah yang berpengalaman luas yang terdiri daripada empat orang hakim syarie, seorang pendakwa syarie dan seorang peguam syarie bagi mendapatkan penjelasan dan pandangan. Data dan maklumat yang diperolehi dianalisis menerusi instrumen analisis kandungan secara kritis dan kritikal.

Dapatan Kajian: Dapatan penulisan mendapati pemakaian prima facie bagi kes jenayah syariah adalah tidak sesuai dan kurang tepat. Ini kerana frasa prima facie tidak diperuntukkan dalam undang-undang dan hukum syarak.

Sumbangan: Hasil kajian ini penting dalam memberikan penjelasan kepada pengamal undang-undang syariah supaya darjah pembuktian yang sesuai dengan prinsip syariah dapat di aplikasi pada akhir peringkat pendakwaan kes jenayah syariah bagi menggantikan pemakaian prima facie selaras dengan kehendak undang-undang dan roh prinsip jenayah syariah.

Kata kunci: Beban pembuktian, darjah pembuktian, isu, jenayah syariah, prima facie.

ABSTRACT
Background and Purpose: There are two stages in the trial of shariah criminal cases related to the application of the degree of evidence, namely at the end of the prosecution case and the defense case. There is an ambiguity in the provision of laws with regards to the burden of proof at the end of prosecution case. This paper aims to analyze the prima facie application of the degree of proof at the end of the prosecution case in the shariah criminal justice. Besides, this paper aims to identify the factors of the prima facie application in the shariah criminal cases in the country.

Methodology: Data were obtained through documentation materials such as statutes, reported cases and unreported cases. Six experienced shariah law practitioners including four shariah judges, a shariah prosecutor and a shariah lawyer were interviewed to obtain their view and clarifications. The data were analyzed using a critical and analytical content analysis approach.

Findings: The study found that prima facie used in the shariah criminal cases was inappropriate and inaccurate as the meaning of prima facie has never been clearly clarified by shariah law.

Contributions: The findings of this study are useful in guiding shariah law practitioners so that a degree of proof that is in accordance with shariah principles can be applied at the end of the criminal prosecution stage to replace prima facie application in accordance with the legal requirements and the spirit of the principles of shariah criminal justice.
Keywords: Burden of proof, issues, prima facie, shariah crime, standard of proof.

Cite as: Saifuddin, S., Mohd Shariff, A. A., & Md. Said, M. H. (2020). Pemakaian prima facie di akhir kes pendakwaan jenayah syariah di Malaysia: Isu dan penyelesaian [Application of prima facie case at the end of prosecution case in the syariah criminal justice: Issues and solutions]. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 5(1), 395-413. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol5iss1pp395-413