bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived sexualization in girls' fashion stylings: A Spain-China cross-cultural analysis
Authors: Díaz-Bustamante-Ventisca Mónica , Llovet-Rodríguez Carmen , Narros-González María-José 
Published: June 2020

Many institutions, social and political groups are warning of the risks associated with the early sexualization of childhood. These agents appeal to the responsibility of the media to avoid creating content that may lead to childhood sexualization and that is easily accessible to all audiences. Responding to this demand and through a cross-cultural Spain-China approach, this work focuses on the analysis of the perception of girls’ sexualization in the fashion stylings disseminated by the media. A survey of 750 Communication and Advertising university students in Spain (N=449) and in China (N=301) was carried out. Five latent sexualization factors identified confirm that perceived sexualization in girls’ fashion styling is a multi-dimensional phenomenon that occurs from the combined use of multiple sexualizing attributes. The country of origin (Spain or China) has been associated with the perception of sexualization and the identified latent sexualizing factors. Finally, an explanatory and highly effective predictive model has been obtained for this type of childhood sexualization in terms of the factors and country of origin. Conclusions suggest that it is necessary to reinforce the training of communication professionals and minors to avoid creating images of sexualized girls through certain styling codes.
Numerosas instituciones, grupos sociales y políticos están alertando de los riesgos asociados a la temprana sexualización de la infancia. Estos agentes apelan a la responsabilidad de los medios para evitar la creación de contenidos que puedan derivar en sexualización infantil y que son fácilmente accesibles para todos los públicos. Respondiendo a esta llamada y con un enfoque transcultural España-China, este trabajo se centra en analizar la percepción de sexualización de las niñas en los estilismos de moda difundidos desde los medios. Se ha realizado una encuesta a 750 estudiantes universitarios de Comunicación y Publicidad en España (N=449) y en China (N=301). Se han identificado cinco factores de sexualización latentes que confirman que la sexualización percibida en los estilismos de moda de niñas es un fenómeno multidimensional que se produce por el uso combinado de múltiples atributos sexualizantes. Se ha corroborado que el país de origen (España o China) se asocia con la percepción de sexualización y de los factores latentes sexualizantes identificados. Finalmente, se ha obtenido un modelo explicativo y de elevada eficacia predictiva de la percepción de este tipo de sexualización infantil en términos de los factores y del país de origen. Se concluye que es necesario reforzar la formación de los profesionales de la comunicación y de los menores para evitar la creación de imágenes de niñas sexualizadas a través de determinados códigos estilísticos.
Mobile learning for homework: Emerging cultural practices in the new media ecology
Authors: Rummler Klaus , Grabensteiner Caroline , Schneider-Stingelin Colette 
Published: June 2020

This contribution discusses emerging cultural practices of media activities with the example of homework as an out-of-school learning context. Data was collected using diaries on the use of media during out-of-school learning activities. Central theoretical frameworks include the German theory of Medienbildung as an actor’s threefold relation towards the material/factual world, the other/s and society, and her-/himself and the socio-cultural ecology of mobile learning as a triangular relationship between agency, cultural practices and structures. Following a grounded theory approach, data analysis was conducted in an inductive manner, drawing on contemporary methods of computer enhanced qualitative analysis. This article focuses on verbal expressions within the diary entries, implicating cultural practices in everyday media activities and their impact on media use in a domestic learning context, such as homework. Two central aspects are highlighted from the results, exemplifying the category and theory generation. First, “checking”, as one of the reappearing in-vivo codes, will be examined more closely regarding its embedding in media practice and homework. It will be characterised as a daily recurring receptive and productive media practice. Second, apps and services, as well as media hardware used at school, are mirrored in the way students actually use media during homework, mingling with everyday media practices.Esta contribución se centra en prácticas culturales emergentes en las actividades mediáticas, tomando las tareas como ejemplo de contexto de aprendizaje extraescolar. Usando diarios, se recabaron datos sobre el uso de los medios en las tareas. Sirven como marco teórico, por un lado, la teoría de Medienbildung como triple relación del actor con el mundo material/objetivo, los demás/la sociedad y consigo mismo; y por otro, la ecología sociocultural del aprendizaje móvil, como relación triangular entre agency, las prácticas culturales y las estructuras. Siguiendo la teoría fundamentada, el análisis de datos se realizó de modo inductivo, empleando métodos de análisis cualitativo asistido por ordenador. Este artículo se centra en las expresiones verbales que implican prácticas culturales en las actividades mediáticas cotidianas, así como en su impacto en el uso de medios en un contexto como el de las tareas. Se destacan dos aspectos centrales de los resultados, que ejemplifican la generación de categorías y teorías. En primer lugar, «checking», uno de los códigos in-vivo que se repiten, se analizará a fondo respecto a su incorporación en las prácticas mediáticas y los deberes. Se caracterizará como práctica mediática receptiva repetida diariamente. En segundo, tanto las aplicaciones y los servicios como el hardware de medios empleado en la escuela se ven reflejados en el modo como los alumnos emplean los medios cuando hacen las tareas, combinándolos con prácticas mediáticas cotidianas.
Educational practices to transform and connect schools and communities
Authors: Erstad Ola , Miño Raquel , Rivera-Vargas Pablo 
Published: June 2020

The current social and educational challenges force us to rethink the role of educational institutions and digital technologies in the 21st century, which requires a deeper understanding of learning activities in schools. In this article we analyze bottom-up initiatives for educational transformation implemented in public lower secondary schools from Norway, Chile and Spain that involved 230 students and 14 teachers. Three ethnographic case studies were carried out, using individual interviews, focus groups, participant observations and document analysis in six schools. The main goal was to deeply understand how bottom-up school initiatives, with a comprehensive use of digital technologies, are contributing to generate connected practices and to involve teachers, learners and communities in the discussion about what kind of society they want in their future. The results of the analysis indicate that fostering a transformative agency in secondary schools has the potential of engaging students in the exploration of contemporary social issues and that digital connectedness can contribute to connect schools with youth life trajectories and communities. This study on transformative agency and digital connectedness reveals a new path for educational transformation that may interest everybody who, in one way or another, are involved in education systems all around the world.Los desafíos sociales y educativos que enfrentamos en la actualidad nos obligan a repensar cuál es el rol de las instituciones educativas y de las tecnologías digitales en el siglo XXI, lo cual requiere una comprensión más profunda de las actividades de aprendizaje de las escuelas. En este artículo analizamos iniciativas para la transformación educativa implementadas en centros de secundaria públicos de Noruega, Chile y España que involucraron a 230 alumnos y 14 profesores. Se llevaron a cabo tres estudios de caso etnográficos a partir de entrevistas, grupos de discusión, observaciones participantes y análisis documental en seis centros. El objetivo principal fue comprender en profundidad cómo estas iniciativas contribuyen a generar prácticas conectadas y a involucrar al profesorado, el estudiantado y las comunidades en la discusión sobre el tipo de sociedad en la que quieren vivir en un futuro. Los resultados del análisis indican que el fomento de una agencia transformadora en los centros de secundaria tiene el potencial de involucrar al alumnado en el estudio de problemáticas sociales contemporáneas y que la conectividad digital puede contribuir a conectar las escuelas con las trayectorias de vida y las comunidades de los jóvenes. Este primer estudio sobre agencia transformadora y conectividad digital desvela una línea de transformación educativa que puede interesar a todos aquellos individuos que, de una forma u otra, están involucrados en los sistemas educativos de todo el mundo.
Inter-Faith Harmony and Contemporary Demands: An Analytical Study in the Light of Divine Teachings
Authors: Shafique Muhammad Mudassar , Naeem Abid 
Published: June 2020

Inter-Faith Harmony and Contemporary Demands: An Analytical Study in the Light of Divine Teachings
بین المذاہب ہم آہنگی اور عصر ی تقاضے : الہامی تعلیمات کی روشنی میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ
Abstract
Over the course of time and with the rapid increase in human population need for mutual relations become crucial. Resultantly on behalf of this closeness, separation, anti-standpoints and comparisons also emerged. As the time passed by hatred and hypocrisy and other social vices spread on large scale. Thus human society was waiting for such liberator who may lead and work for the betterment of this society. With the dawn of Islamic civilization all such issues were not only resolved but also provided with a model for containing the difference of opinion and multiple traditions under its unique worldview. Islamic History presents itself as a model where the minorities were provided with the opportunities of participating in political, social, educational and collective affairs. Thus in a society where tyranny, injustice, un-forbearance, religious intensity, terrorism and the activities of violating the human rights were very common, were substituted by the Islamic ideal of forbearance. It is argued here that the solution of all these issues was only in religion contrary to what is being claimed about an idea of social harmony where religion is not given its due position. Today it’s our dire need to develop a sense of harmony, modesty, affection and peacefulness among the masses of various religions of Pakistani society. It is further argued that for this very noble cause all the religious scholars and their followers can come forward playing their pertinent role.
Keywords: Interfaith harmony, present era, divine books, religious personalities, Peace
Islamic Approach towards Social Construction: An Analytical Study in the Light of Hazrat Umar Farooq’s (RA) Wisdom and Thought
Authors: Ullah Kaleem , Fakahr Ud Din Muhammad 
Published: June 2020

تعمیرِسماج کا اسلامی منہج :حضرت عمر فاروقؓ کی فکر و بصیرت کی روشنی میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ
The modern era is considered as advanced and humanized in terms of materialized advancement only. Today the leading societies of the world have created a self-sufficient religion in the name of humanism and have set standards ignoring Divine guidance. Thus, man has the right to decide the rules and norms of society on his own goodwill. As a result, the breaking of family system, appearance of gay and homosexual relations, etc. are being considered as legitimate in many countries where religion is no more considered a guiding principle. On the other hand, revealed religions have focus on the development of humanity in terms of both the ethical and materialistic perspectives. Islam as religion has provided a model of such an advancement and social change in history that has proven that Divine guidance is major source for betterment and development of civilization and humanity. This was practically proven in the time of Muslim golden rule in the world. The caliph Umar (R.A) was the man who introduced for the first time, the principles and values, which has changed the Arabs to a civilized and humanized nation. This huge change was made possible in the light of Divine guidance. In this academic article all such norms, values, and principles that were introduced by Sayyīdnā Umar (R.A) which brought a social change in his Era are discussed. Facts have been collected from historic books and presented following the descriptive and analytical method. Although, the information was narrated and scattered in the books, no proper study was introduced where the role of these reforms in the social construction was analyzed. The aim of the study has to investigate the historic facts of social change in the era of the righteous Caliph Sayyidna Umar bin Khattāb and prepare a guideline for the humanity in present era.
Limits of Participation in Celebration of Non-Muslim’s Events: An Analytical Study
Authors: Ur Rahman Khalil , Riaz Khan Al-Azhari Mohammd 
Published: June 2020

غیر مسلموں کی تقریبات میں شرکت کی حدود وقیود: ایک تجزیاتی مطالعہ
This article aims to highlight an important aspect of Islamic Law, which relates to social life of a Muslim. Islamic law promotes social harmony and tolerance, but it makes it balance in the light of basic principles and objectives of Shar'īah. Likewise, Islamic law determines social relation between Muslims with each other as well as the relation of Muslims with Non-Muslim citizens in the Islamic state. Furthermore, it is very significant to know that a Muslim can participate in the traditional and religious functions of Non-Muslim or not? Islamic law has made some parameters in this regard, in this research paper we have focused on this specific issue of Islamic law and tried to explain the legal status of this issue in the light of Quran, Prophetic traditions, and opinions of Muslim Scholars. The research method applied in this paper is descriptive and critical study of different school of thoughts is also provided. Muslims have a long history of mutual contacts with the non-Muslims guided by the Shar’īah principles as they have come together in every age in different political and geographical contexts. In the early days of Islam, Muslims were in the minority. At that time, Muslims participated in the social life of their non-Muslims neighbors. Islam respects other religions. Provides all kinds of facilities to non-Muslims. And allows Muslims to participate in their legitimate programs.۔
Historical and Evolutionary Analysis of Reasons and Causes of Objections of Orientalism on Prophet’s Biography
Authors: Shaid Bakht , Muhammad Sani Hafiz 
Published: June 2020

سیرت طیبہ پر استشراقی فکر کے اعتراضات کے اسباب و عوامل کا تاریخی و ارتقائی جائزہ
Over the course of time and with the rapid increase in human population need for mutual relations become crucial. Resultantly on behalf of this closeness, separation, anti-standpoints and comparisons also emerged. As the time passed by hatred and hypocrisy and other social vices spread on large scale. Thus human society was waiting for such liberator who may lead and work for the betterment of this society. With the dawn of Islamic civilization all such issues were not only resolved but also provided with a model for containing the difference of opinion and multiple traditions under its unique worldview. Islamic History presents itself as a model where the minorities were provided with the opportunities of participating in political, social, educational and collective affairs. Thus in a society where tyranny, injustice, un-forbearance, religious intensity, terrorism and the activities of violating the human rights were very common, were substituted by the Islamic ideal of forbearance. It is argued here that the solution of all these issues was only in religion contrary to what is being claimed about an idea of social harmony where religion is not given its due position. Today its our dire need to develop a sense of harmony, modesty, affection and peacefulness among the masses of various religions of Pakistani society. It is further argued that for this very noble cause all the religious scholars and their followers can come forward playing their pertinent role.
The Tradition of Innovation in Islamic Civilization: An Exclusive Study of Early Ages of Islam
Authors: Ditta Allah , Muhammad Hasan Mahmood Hafiz 
Published: June 2020

اسلامی تہذیب میں تازہ کاری کی روایت: قرون اولی کا اختصاصی مطالعہ
Islamic civilization was founded by the Holy Prophet (May blessings of Allah and peace be upon him) right from the beginning of Islam. Each civilization and every culture are deeply affected by the concurrent cultures and civilizations and it used to adopt and borrow many things from other civilizations. Similarly, Islamic civilization and culture borrowed many aspects from other prevailing civilizations. With the passing day, these intercultural relations and exchanges became the part and parcel of the Islamic civilization. Such communications, and they have marked all epochs in Islamic history, occur in greatly diverse ways. The Holy Prophet also approved some traditions in this regard and the four Caliphs adopted many customs too. This reflects the adoption and concluding from other civilizations is not prohibited in every case, but this adoption must not be against Islamic teachings. Now a days, the entire world has become a worldwide town because of internet and technological developments. It is relatively obvious that Muslims are adopting many things from western civilization and culture without knowing its legitimacy or illegitimacy. Resultantly, these activities apparently become the chunk of Islamic civilization. This investigation seeks guidance from golden period of Islam i.e. early centuries of Islam and describes its validity or voidness. In this article, these experiences of Islamic civilization and culture in adopting and concluding from other civilizations and cultures have been conferred and their principles and opinion of the prominent scholars, in this context, been talked about in the light of Islamic teachings. This study will promulgate awareness about the tradition of innovation in Islamic civilization and will provide guidance to the new researchers about this topic.
The Role of Values in Social Change: An Analysis from The Qur’ānic Perspective
Authors: Ahmad Anis 
Published: June 2020

In the post-industrial revolution world, social change is often studied and understood in the context of change in means of production, mobility, urbanization and change in the constitution of workforce. Role of ethical values is generally confined to personal conduct and manners. Industrial society is supposed to have its own work ethics which may or may not agree with personal ethics and morality. Ethics and morality are generally considered, in the Western thought, as a social construct. Therefore, with the change in means of production or political system, values and morality are also expected to be re-adjusted in order to cope with the changed environment. Sometimes a totally new set of values emerges as a consequence of the change in economic, political, or legal set up. The present research tries to understand the meaning and place of these values in a global socio-cultural framework. Relying essentially on the divine principles of the Qur'ān it makes an effort to understand relevance of these universal and ultimate principles with human conduct and behavior in society. It indicates that essentially it is the core values, principles, or norms which guide human beings in their interpersonal, social, economic and political matters. Islam being a major civilizing force, culture, and the way of life, provides values which guide both in individual and social matters. The values given by the Qur’ān and the Sunnah are not monopoly of the Muslim. These values are universal and are relevant in a technological society.
Autocracy, Institutional Constraints and Land Expropriation: A Conceptual Analysis of Land Redistribution in Zimbabwe
Authors: Langton DUBE MAKUWERERE 
Published: June 2020

Using the Zimbabwean case, this article explores the assertion that autocracies are better placed than democracies in land redistribution because of lower institutional constraints and concentration of power which makes policy implementation easier. This is rightly so, because such political systems have the notoriety of neutralizing or eliminating the veto gauntlet which is normally strengthened by institutional autonomy. Extant literature on land reform continues to grapple with overarching questions as to why countries redistribute land, relating to the type of conditions that incubate the need for reform and the political purpose that redistribution serve in this world. Equally important, is the need to interrogate the real beneficiaries of land reform. The study notes that in the post-Cold War globalized era of ‘fractured sovereignty’, redistribution from above remains attractive despite its protracted nature. However, against a post-colonial settler land discourse that memorializes race, privilege, dispossession, and restitution, the article evinces that land redistribution is tainted by elitism, clientelism, and partisanship which eventually distort its structural transformative power.
Video-assisted nursing intervention: It's effectiveness on bullying prevention measures and procedures among primary school teachers
Authors: Hussein Afaf Abdel Malek , El Shrief Hayam Ahmed , Abed Gehan Ahmed , Ghoneim Azza Abdalla , Badawy Shimaa AbdElhady 
Published: June 2020

Background: Bullying commonly defined as an aggressive behavior that is intentional, repeated for a long time and involves an imbalance of power. It can have negative effects on children’s physical and psychological health and can even escalate to the tragedy of suicide. Aim: This study aimed to determine effectiveness of video-assisted nursing intervention on bullying prevention measures and procedures among primary school teachers.Methods: A quasi-experimental design with pre and post-test was used. Sample: Simple random sample of 100 primary school teacher was included. Settings: The study was carried out at four primary schools in Shebin-Elkom and menouf, Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. Tools: Tool one: teachers’ self-administered structured interview questionnaire (a) Demographic data (b) Teachers knowledge regarding bullying. Tool two: bullying preventive measures likert scale.Results: The study showed that after video-assisted nursing intervention there was statistically significant improvement in the knowledge of primary school teachers' about bullying compared to before nursing intervention. Also, there was statistically significant improvement in teachers prevention practices regarding bullying after video-assisted nursing intervention compared to before nursing intervention. There was positive correlation between teachers’ total knowledge scores and total practices scores about bullying post intervention.Conclusions: Implementation of video-assisted nursing intervention achieved significant improvements in the primary school teachers’ knowledge and practices measures regarding bullying prevention. Recommendations: Prominently utilizing video-assisted nursing intervention strategy in teaching bullying to promote children's health and improve knowledge and practices of teachers.