bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching Crisis Resource Management Skills to Nurses Using Simulation
Authors: Lucas Amanda , Edwards Marie , Harder Nicole , Gillman Lawrence 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Education programs teaching crisis resource management (CRM) skills (problem solving, situational awareness, resource utilization, communication, and leadership) have been shown to positively affect learner competence in handling crisis events. As part of an education program, a high-fidelity simulation program was used as a learning intervention to teach these skills to practicing nurses.

Method:
In this repeated-measures observational study, 11 RNs were evaluated at four time points, measuring the effect of an education program on observed performance of CRM skills. Performance was measured using the Ottawa Global Rating Scale and a checklist tool.

Results:
Statistically significant changes in mean scores occurred between times one and two, and nonstatistically significant improvement occurred in means overall.

Conclusion:

This study adds evidence of the effectiveness of high-fidelity simulation education and highlights the need for further research.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(6):257–266.]
Improving Nurse Practitioner and Physician Assistant Preceptor Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, and Willingness in a Hospital Medicine Practice: An Online Experience
Authors: Heusinkvelt Sally E. , Tracy Mary 
Published: May 2020

Background:
A hospital medicine practice experienced an increased demand for additional nurse practitioner (NP) and physician assistant (PA) preceptors.

Method:
An online preceptor education course was developed that included eight modules: communication and feedback, expectations for assessment and evaluation, pedagogy, time management and efficiency, goal setting and coaching, working with struggling or at-risk students, legal and ethical considerations, and teaching procedures. Knowledge, self-efficacy, and willingness to precept were examined in a precourse and postcourse format.

Results:
Postcourse, knowledge improved from 69.4% to 90.6%. Self-efficacy improved by 35.2%, and willingness to precept also improved. Qualitative themes emerged, including excitement to precept, helpful course, and time constraints.

Conclusion:

An online NP and PA preceptor training program increased preceptor knowledge, self-efficacy, and willingness to serve as a preceptor. Additional research is needed to explore the time constraints to serving as an NP or a PA preceptor in the inpatient environment.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2020;51(6):275–279.]
Karakteristik Wake Area Akibat Efek Penggunaan Vortex Generator di Belakang Wing Airfoil Naca 43018
Authors: S.P Setyo Hariyadi , Widodo Wawan Aries 
Published: May 2020

Pada aliran yang melintasi suatu airfoil terdapat fenomena separasi, yakni ketika momentum aliran sudah tidak mampu lagi mengatasi adverse pressure gradien. Selanjutnya separasi ini akan diikuti dengan timbulnya daerah wake pada daerah di belakang airfoil yang mengakibatkan naiknya drag force dan menurunnya lift force. Untuk mengurangi hal tersebut maka vortex generator diletakkan pada sisi atas airfoil untuk mempercepat terbentuknya turbulent boundary layer sehingga dapat menunda separasi dan memperkecil daerah wake.
Efektivitas dari vortex generator dipengaruhi oleh penempatan, ketinggian, dan interval antar vortex generator. Untuk mendapatkan hasil yang optimal, drag yang dihasilkan oleh vortex generator itu sendiri harus dikurangi. Untuk itu profil dari vortex generator yang digunakan harus sedemikian rupa sehingga drag yang dihasilkan dapat dikurangi tanpa menurunkan performasi dari airfoil tersebut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat pengaruh penambahan vortex generator terhadap unjuk kerja airfoil melalui metode eksperimen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan karakteristik aliran fluida plain wing dan dengan penambahan vortex generator. Profil vortex generator yang digunakan adalah flat plate vortex generator dengan konfigurasi straight dan ditempatkan pada x/c = 10% dan 20% arah chord line dari leading edge. Variasi yang digunakan adalah bilangan Reynolds (Re), sudut serang (α) dan peletakan vortex generator pada airfoil. Kecepatan freestream yang digunakan yaitu kecepatan 12 m/s atau Re = 7,65 x 105 dan kecepatan 17 m/s atau Re = 9 x 105, dan pada sudut serang (α) 0o, 3 o, 6 o, 9 o, 12 o, 15 o, 19 o, dan 20 o.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan performansi dari airfoil NACA 43018 dengan penambahan vortex generator dibandingkan dengan tanpa vortex generator. Adanya vortex generator, mempercepat perubahan dari aliran laminar ke turbulen. Separasi dapat tertunda dengan adanya vortex generator.
Pengaruh Campuran (35%, 40%, 45% dan 50) Medium Bioethanol pada Pertalite Terhadap Emisi Gas Buang Piston Engine 1 Silinder
Authors: Junipitoyo Bambang 
Published: May 2020

Pada perkembangan teknologi pada era modern ini kebutuhan energi saat ini sangat mengalami peningkatan, Hal ini seiring pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk Indonesia yang mengalami. Sedangkan saat ini cadangan energi fosil saat ini mengalami penurunan yang diperkirakan akan habis dalam beberapa tahun lagi.
Seiring dengan menipisnya cadangan bahan bakar, maka penggunaan bahan bakar alternatif menjadi solusi yang tepat untuk menggantikan sumber daya energi fosil seperti bioetanol, bioetanol adalah salah satu bahan bakar alternatif yang untuk saat ini memiliki perkembangan yang baik, bioetanol adalah jenis cairan yang mudah menguap, mudah terbakar, tak berwarna, dan merupakan alkohol yang paling sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari- hari. Bioetanol merupakan bahan bakar yang menghasilkan polutan paling rendah, bahan bakar bioetanol adalah bahan bakar yang aman, titik nyala bioetanol lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan bahan bakar fosil dan emisi emisi hidrokarbon yang dihasilkan oleh bioetanol lebih sedikit. Bahan bakar fosil mengalami proses pembakaran yang menghasilkan gas buang CO2, gas buang tersebut dapat menyebabkan polusi udara dan merusak lapisan ozon. Untuk itu dibutuhkan penelitian untuk mendapatkan kinerja engine yang optimal.
Penelitian ini menggunakan kendaraan mesin 1 silinder. Metode pengujian menggunakan bukaan throttle spontan dan bukaan throttle per rpm untuk mendapatkan emisi gas buang. Bahan pengujian menggunakan campuran bahan bakar Pertalite – medium biotanol dengan kadar E-35, E-40, E-45, E-50, dan E-55.
Hasil penelitian saat engine menggunakan bahan bakar pertalite-medium menghasilkan emisi CO 0.23 atau turun 46% dan emisi HC sebesar 69 dan turun 31 % dari bahan bakar pertalite.
La Torre di San Francesco a Palmi nelle vedute di Edward Cheney del 1823: immagini di un baluardo scomparso del sistema difensivo vicereale della Calabria Ultra
Authors: Caniglia Maria Rossana 
Published: May 2020

The Tower of San Francesco in Palmi in the views of Edward Cheney of 1823: images of a disappeared bulwark of the viceregal defensive system of Calabria UltraTo oppose the phenomenon of waves of Turks threatening the most exposed areas of the Kingdom of Naples, the viceregal government ordered from 1535 the construction of a continuous and articulated chain of defensive coastal towers. In Calabria, on behalf of the Viceroy Pedro di Toledo, the Marquis Francesco Pignatelli developed a project to identify the most suitable and strategic sites where to build the towers along the Tyrrhenian and Ionian coasts. This network included 69 towers in Calabria Ultra and 33 in Calabria Citra, clearly visible from each other at a maximum distance of six thousand steps. Most of these towers have lost their original function over time, and after the taking of Algiers in 1830, some were used as customs posts or torri semaforiche, and then be permanently abandoned. Today almost all of them are ruins. The cartographic sources and above all the iconographic ones, testify the importance of this defensive system of towers suspended between the land and the sea and arranged one after the other, real sentinels of the Mediterranean. On this occasion, the focus is on the Tower of San Francesco, was probably built in 1565, in Capo Barbi in Palmi, along the Tyrrhenian side between Reggio Calabria and Capo Vaticano. The bulwark was destroyed in 1956. The Tower of San Francesco, as evidenced by historical cartography and the views of Antonio Minasi in 1779 and Richard Keppel Craven in 1821, was portrayed in three drawings made by Edward Cheney during his travel to Calabria in May 1823. These views identify the characteristics of the architectural typology of the tower and the relationships with the town of Palmi; to relate it to the coastal towers of Pietre Nere (Taureana) and Capo Rocchi (Bagnara); and finally to the landscape of the Costa Viola up to the Strait of Messina.
Comparison of eddy covariance CO2 and CH4 fluxes from mined and recently rewetted sections in a northwestern German cutover bog
Authors: Holl David , Pfeiffer Eva-Maria , Kutzbach Lars 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. With respect to their role in the global carbon cycle, natural peatlands are characterized by their ability to sequester atmospheric carbon. This trait is strongly connected to the water regime of these ecosystems. Large parts of the soil profile in natural peatlands are water saturated, leading to anoxic conditions and to a diminished decomposition of plant litter. In functioning peatlands, the rate of carbon fixation by plant photosynthesis is larger than the decomposition rate of dead organic material. Over time, the amount of carbon that remains in the soil and is not converted back to carbon dioxide grows. Land use of peatlands often goes along with water level manipulations and thereby with alterations of carbon flux dynamics. In this study, carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) flux measurements from a bog site in northwestern Germany that has been heavily degraded by peat mining are presented. Two contrasting types of management have been implemented at the site: (1) drainage during ongoing peat harvesting on one half of the central bog area and (2) rewetting on the other half that had been taken out of use shortly before measurements commenced. The presented 2-year data set was collected with an eddy covariance (EC) system set up on a central railroad dam that divides the two halves of the (former) peat harvesting area. We used footprint analysis to split the obtained CO2 and CH4 flux time series into data characterizing the gas exchange dynamics of both contrasting land use types individually. The time series gaps resulting from data division were filled using the response of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to environmental variables, footprint variability, and fuzzy transformations of seasonal and diurnal cyclicity. We used the gap-filled gas flux time series from 2 consecutive years to evaluate the impact of rewetting on the annual vertical carbon balances of the cutover bog. Rewetting had a considerable effect on the annual carbon fluxes and led to increased CH4 and decreased CO2 release. The larger relative difference between cumulative CO2 fluxes from the rewetted (13±6 mol m−2 a−1) and drained (22±7 mol m−2 a−1) section occurred in the second observed year when rewetting apparently reduced CO2 emissions by 40 %. The absolute difference in annual CH4 flux sums was more similar between both years, while the relative difference of CH4 release between the rewetted (0.83±0.15 mol m−2 a−1) and drained (0.45±0.11 mol m−2 a−1) section was larger in the first observed year, indicating a maximum increase in annual CH4 release of 84 % caused by rewetting at this particular site during the study period.
Throw variations and strain partitioning associated with fault-bend folding along normal faults
Authors: Delogkos Efstratios , Saqab Muhammad Mudasar , Walsh John J. , Roche Vincent , Childs Conrad 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Normal faults have irregular geometries on a range of
scales arising from different processes including refraction and
segmentation. A fault with constant dip and displacement on a large-scale
will have irregular geometries on smaller scales, the presence of which will
generate fault-related folds and down-fault variations in throw. A
quantitative model is presented which illustrates the deformation arising
from movement on irregular fault surfaces, with fault-bend folding
generating geometries reminiscent of normal and reverse drag. Calculations
based on the model highlight how fault throws are partitioned between
continuous (i.e. folding) and discontinuous (i.e. discrete offset) strain
along fault bends for the full range of possible fault dip changes. These
calculations illustrate the potential significance of strain partitioning on
measured fault throw and the potential errors that will arise if account is
not taken of the continuous strains accommodated by folding and bed
rotations. We show that fault throw can be subject to errors of up to ca.
50 % for realistic down-dip fault bend geometries (up to ca. 40∘), on otherwise sub-planar faults with constant displacement. This effect
will provide irregular variations in throw and bed geometries that must be
accounted for in associated kinematic interpretations.
Corrupte politici
Authors: Sikkema E. 
Published: May 2020

Corrupte politici
De strafrechtelijke vervolging van parlementariërs en andere politieke ambtsdragers brengt bijzondere vragen en problemen mee. Hoe kan worden voorkomen dat politieke ambtsdragers op grond van hun hoge positie een strafvervolging kunnen tegenhouden, bijvoorbeeld door druk uit te oefenen op het Openbaar Ministerie? En hoe kunnen politici worden beschermd tegen lichtvaardige en politiek gemotiveerde vervolgingsbeslissingen? Aan de hand van twee recente corruptiezaken, die speelden in verschillende landen binnen het koninkrijk, wordt in deze bijdrage ingegaan op deze problematiek.
Polish Experience in Shaft Deepening and Mining Shaft Hoist Elongation
Authors: Kamiński Paweł 
Published: May 2020

Deepening of active mine shaft comprises number of specific an very difficult operations, because it calls for use of untypical devices securing hoist operation in the shaft, as well as special technology tailored to actual technology of the deepened shaft face. The Leon IV shaft at the Rydułtowy mine is one of the last mining shafts deepened in Polish coal mining from the surface, and then deepened and finally equipped with mine shaft hoist installation. This investment will allow for the construction of the exploitation level of 1150 m and the availability of further coal extraction up to a depth of 1200 m. It will guarantee the possibility of exploitation of over 65 million tons of coal and continuous operation of the mine until 2040. At the same time, for the first time in the Polish hard coal mining industry, a flexible guiding of the mining cage and skips was used, which in comparison with rigid guiding is a much cheaper solution and has many other advantages. The chapter presents most important problems and technical solution implemented during construction and deepening of the Leon IV Shaft at Rydułtowy Coal Mine in Poland.
Las escuelas de barriada de Bizkaia (1920-1937). Revisión y nuevos datos
Authors: Artetxe Sanchez Karmele 
Published: May 2020

The objective of this article is to review the existing historiography on the Escuelas de Barriada (Rural Schools of Bizkaia Province, Basque Country), created and promoted by the Provincial Council of Bizkaia between 1920-1937, giving nuance to certain issues and providing new data on four aspects. The first of these is the question of instructional language. The use of Basque in the classroom was progressively reduced in favor of Spanish almost from the first moment and did not provoke opposition from teachers, even though many of them were Basque nationalists. Secondly, we provide an analysis of the initial curriculum, which presented a more pedagogical rather than ideological approach, oriented towards a teaching style that was more comprehensive than memory-based. This was especially appreciable in the areas of mathematics and geometry, where exclusionary political indoctrination was avoided, with content referring to both Basque and Spanish identity. Thirdly, we analyse the alleged use of books containing Basque nationalist political content in these schools, of which we have found no evidence. And finally, we offer an overview of the type of teachers that worked in these schools, including an analysis of their ideological profile: more than 90% of the faculty was composed of women, generally young, single, Basque-speaking, Catholic and ideologically sympathetic to Basque nationalism . The research focuses on the 1920-1930 period, when the Provincial Council of Bizkaia was governed by Monarchists and when the Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera began. This was the period when the original pro-Basque project of these schools was transformed. Some data and questions about the later era are also presented.
Identidad profesional y socialización de género: un estudio desde la manualística escolar en la España democrática
Authors: Guichot Reina Virginia , De la Torre Sierra Ana María 
Published: May 2020

The construction of professional identity is a concept that holds interest for a variety of disciplines such as Anthropology, Psychology or Pedagogy. From the perspective of social constructivism, it has a narrative, dynamic character and is shaped by the interaction of the subject with current socio-historical discourses and their interiorization. During the decade of the nineteen seventies, the labor market in Spain experienced a massive incorporation of women, brought about by social and legislative advances in education and employment. The years of Spanish democracy are essential in the configuration and renewal of female identity in the economic field. This article focuses on the influence of the school textbook - the main didactic resource used in formal education - in this configuration. It presents models and stereotypes linked to gender, with a potential influence on the transmission and configuration of a biased socio-labor culture. In order to study this influence, our research examines a total of 20 elementary education textbooks in the areas of Language and Social Sciences in two periods of democratic Spain —the so-called Transition period and the current moment—, to explore the professional identity of women linked to the economic socialization as this is conveyed through this educational tool. Our results reveal a minimal inclusion of women as economic subjects in the textbooks; the underrepresentation of females performing paid activities, as well the lack of professional diversity serve to highlight a substantial inequality in the socialization processes between men and women, contrary to the goals of coeducational teaching values.
Renovación pedagógica e identidad: un estudio comparativo de los expedientes de oposición y de depuración de las direcciones escolares de la Segunda República
Authors: Menguiano Rodríguez Carlos 
Published: May 2020

This paper evaluates the possibilities offered by a comparative study between two sources unrelated until now: the personal files from professional selection processes produced during the Second Spanish Republic and the files produced in the Francoist purge process which started at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War. We take a privileged segment of the teaching staff as a sample: the teachers who achieved headteacher positions for the new graded schools in the public exams held in 1932 during the Second Spanish Republic. In order to contextualize the relevance of this contingent of teachers, we first offer a quantitative analysis, showing the impact of the purging process on them. Next, we present the approach from which we perform the qualitative analysis, which is based on the interpretation of the files as “institutional life-archives” and we try to characterise this life-archive practice in both processes, keeping in mind that, although different in modality and purpose, both are valuable sources for studying the professional identities of those who elaborated the files. Finally, we propose three models —confirmation, re-adaptation and dissolution— for performinga qualitative analysis, which make it possible to assess the production and fluctuation of teacher’s identities among these files. These models demonstrate the utility of a comparative analysis of these sources, which can serve to study the configuration of teachers’ professional and pedagogical identities as well as their relationship with the new pedagogical theories and pedagogical tradition in a key time of Spanish history of education. It is our hope that this study will lead to new lines of research in order to analyse the continuities and ruptures of pedagogical discourses and practices between different periods.
El Colegio del Estado de Puebla y sus documentos fundacionales
Authors: Rios Zúñiga Rosalina 
Published: May 2020

Review of the book by María de Lourdes Herrera Feria and Rosario Torres Domínguez. El Colegio del Estado de Puebla y sus documentos fundacionales. Puebla: BUAP- Biblioteca José María Lafragua, 2017.
Violencia a través de las TIC: comportamientos diferenciados por género
Authors: Dominguez Alonso Jose , Portela Pino Iago 
Published: May 2020

El impacto que tienen los estereotipos de género en la violencia a través de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) es una frecuente preocupación en el marco escolar, familiar e individual. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la influencia del género en la violencia a través de las TIC, e identificar qué variables socio-escolares están asociadas. Investigación cuantitativa de tipo descriptivo-inferencial-correlacional, con una muestra de 1.495 individuos de edades entre los 10 y 17 años (M = 12.69; DT = 1.92). Se utilizó un cuestionario ad hoc (datos socio-escolares) y la escala de violencia escolar (CUVE-R) propuesta por Álvarez-García, Núñez, Rodríguez, Álvarez y Dobarro, 2011. Los datos arrojan un nivel bajo-medio de violencia TIC, con mayor prevalencia en ambos géneros del envío de mensajes de ofensa, insulto o amenaza. No obstante, el género femenino lo hace a través de Internet (Tuenti, Facebook, etc) y el masculino utilizando el móvil. Asimismo, se presentan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el género cuando se graba o hace fotos con el móvil para hacer burlas entre compañeros o al profesorado, con mayor incidencia por parte del género masculino. También se presentan diferencias en género según la edad. La violencia TIC se estanca a partir de los 13 años en el género femenino, mientras en el masculino sigue en ligero incremento. En conclusión, el género es una variable a tener muy presente en los programas preventivos o de intervención enfocados a minimizar esta problemática.