bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual-patient prediction of meningioma malignancy and survival using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database
Authors: Moreau Jeremy T. , Hankinson Todd C. , Baillet Sylvain , Dudley Roy W. R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMeningiomas are known to have relatively lower aggressiveness and better outcomes than other central nervous system (CNS) tumors. However, there is considerable overlap between clinical and radiological features characterizing benign, atypical, and malignant tumors. In this study, we developed methods and a practical app designed to assist with the diagnosis and prognosis of meningiomas. Statistical learning models were trained and validated on 62,844 patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. We used balanced logistic regression-random forest ensemble classifiers and proportional hazards models to learn multivariate patterns of association between malignancy, survival, and a series of basic clinical variables—such as tumor size, location, and surgical procedure. We demonstrate that our models are capable of predicting meaningful individual-specific clinical outcome variables and show good generalizability across 16 SEER registries. A free smartphone and web application is provided for readers to access and test the predictive models (www.meningioma.app). Future model improvements and prospective replication will be necessary to demonstrate true clinical utility. Rather than being used in isolation, we expect that the proposed models will be integrated into larger and more comprehensive models that integrate imaging and molecular biomarkers. Whether for meningiomas or other tumors of the CNS, the power of these methods to make individual-patient predictions could lead to improved diagnosis, patient counseling, and outcomes.
Systemic loss of Sarm1 protects Schwann cells from chemotoxicity by delaying axon degeneration
Authors: Tian Weili , Czopka Tim , López-Schier Hernán 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProtecting the nervous system from chronic effects of physical and chemical stress is a pressing clinical challenge. The obligate pro-degenerative protein Sarm1 is essential for Wallerian axon degeneration. Thus, blocking Sarm1 function is emerging as a promising neuroprotective strategy with therapeutic relevance. Yet, the conditions that will most benefit from inhibiting Sarm1 remain undefined. Here we combine genome engineering, pharmacology and high-resolution intravital videmicroscopy in zebrafish to show that genetic elimination of Sarm1 increases Schwann-cell resistance to toxicity by diverse chemotherapeutic agents after axonal injury. Synthetic degradation of Sarm1-deficient axons reversed this effect, suggesting that glioprotection is a non-autonomous effect of delayed axon degeneration. Moreover, loss of Sarm1 does not affect macrophage recruitment to nerve-wound microenvironment, injury resolution, or neural-circuit repair. These findings anticipate that interventions aimed at inhibiting Sarm1 can counter heightened glial vulnerability to chemical stressors and may be an effective strategy to reduce chronic consequences of neurotrauma.
Nuclear astrophysics studies at NIPNE
Authors: Trache Livius 
Published: January 2020

I will present results of doing nuclear astrophysics research at the National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest-Magurele in the last 2-3 years.Own Nuclear Astrophysics Group (NAG) is focused on the basic types of experiments:-Direct measurements at low and very low energies with ion or alpha beams from the local 3 MV tandetron accelerator. We concentrate on activation measurements. The use of the ultra-low background laboratory in a salt mine at Slanic-Prahova, about 120 km away and of a beta-gamma coincidence unit at home is providing competitive sensitivity.-Indirect measurements done with beams at international facilities with radioactive beams: TAMU and RIBF RIKEN.With help from colleagues, I will mention some theory advances, too.
Roboterassistierte Proktokolektomie mit ileopouchanaler Anastomose bei Verdacht auf hereditäre Polyposis
Authors: Rolinger Jens , Jansen Kai , von Keller Johannes , Axt Steffen , Falch Claudius , Kirschniak Andreas , Wilhelm Peter 
Published: January 2020

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung In der Literatur werden verschiedene Formen der hereditären Polyposis beschrieben. Die klassische familiäre adenomatöse Polyposis (FAP) ist eine seltene, autosomal-dominant vererbte Erkrankung, die durch eine Keimbahnmutation im Adenomatous-Polyposis-coli-Gen (APC) verursacht wird und sich klinisch durch einen ausgedehnten Befall des Kolons mit multiplen Polypen charakterisiert. Unbehandelt führt die Erkrankung beinahe unweigerlich zur malignen Entartung.
Indikation Wir präsentieren den Fall eines 37-jährigen Patienten mit histologisch gesichertem, stenosierendem Adenokarzinom des Colon descendens sowie initialem Verdacht auf eine hereditäre Polyposis bei multiplen Polypen im Colon descendens und sigmoideum.
Methoden Das Video erläutert die präoperativen bildgebenden sowie endoskopischen Befunde und zeigt die Technik der zweizeitigen, roboterassistierten Proktokolektomie mit ileopouchanaler Anastomose (IPAA) und Anlage eines protektiven Loop-Ileostomas.
Schlussfolgerung Hinsichtlich der chirurgischen Therapie der klassischen FAP kann die restaurative Proktokolektomie (RPC) mit Anlage eines Ileum-J-Pouches – trotz Kontroversen hinsichtlich verschiedener technischer Aspekte – als etabliertes Standardverfahren angesehen werden. Dabei sind die minimalinvasiven Strategien gegenüber den konventionellen Techniken als zumindest gleichwertig zu betrachten.
Use of the Retrograde Recipient Vein for Additional Outflow in Free Tissue Transfer
Authors: Uemura Tetsuji , Kikuchi Mamoru , Watanabe Hidetaka , Yanai Tetsu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The selection of appropriate recipient vessels is essential to the successful outcome of free flap transfer. To improve blood perfusion after reconstruction and reduce the risk of postoperative obstruction of flap vessels, multiple vessels should be chosen as candidate recipients.
Methods For certainty of venous drainage, we have been performing venous anastomosis to the distal end of the recipient vein to utilize the reverse venous flow.
Results A total of 48 cases of reconstruction of the head and neck or breast region with free flaps using retrograde venous anastomosis were performed. The method possibly improves flap circulation and the success rate of the free tissue transfer and reduces the need to extend surgery to search for multiple recipient veins.
Conclusion We emphasized that retrograde limb of vein is useful as a second and/or rescued recipient in free tissue transfer. Retrograde venous anastomosis is a fine and reasonable option when appropriate recipient vessels cannot be found near the defect in the head and neck such as frozen neck or breast region.
Mucormycosis
Authors: Reid Gail , Lynch Joseph P. , Fishbein Michael C. , Clark Nina M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMucormycosis is an infection caused by a group of filamentous molds within the order Mucorales. Infections may result from ingestion of contaminated food, inhalation of spores into the nares or lungs, or inoculation into disrupted skin or wounds. In developed countries, mucormycosis occurs primarily in severely immunocompromised hosts (e.g., those with hematological malignancies, organ transplantation, neutropenia, autoimmune disorders, or other impairments in immunity). Only 6 to 10% of cases occur in subjects with no underlying disease. In contrast, in developing countries, most cases of mucormycosis occur in persons with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus or in immunocompetent subjects following trauma. Mucormycosis exhibits a marked propensity to invade blood vessels, leading to thrombosis, necrosis, and infarction of tissue. Mortality associated with invasive mucormycosis is high (> 30–50%), with 90% mortality associated with disseminated disease. Mortality rates are much lower, though still significant (10–30%), among patients with localized cutaneous disease.The diagnosis of mucormycosis relies upon histopathology and culture. Blood tests are of limited diagnostic value. Even with disseminated disease, blood cultures are usually negative. Mucorales have a distinct histological appearance, with irregular, nonseptate hyphae that branch at right angles. Cultures and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are important to identify the genera.Based on anatomic localization, mucormycosis can be classified as one of six forms: (1) rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM), (2) pulmonary, (3) cutaneous, (4) gastrointestinal (GI), (5) disseminated, and (6) mucormycosis of uncommon sites. Among diabetics, ROCM is the most common clinical presentation, whereas lung involvement is uncommon. In contrast, among organ transplant recipients or patients with hematological malignancies (HemeM), pulmonary and disseminated diseases are most common. Mucormycosis can progress rapidly, and delay in initiation of treatment by even a few days markedly worsens outcomes.Due to the rarity of mucormycosis, randomized controlled therapeutic trials have not been performed. Lipid formulations of amphotericin B (LFAB) are the mainstay of therapy, but the newer triazoles, posaconazole (POSA) and isavuconazole (ISAV) (the active component of the prodrug isavuconazonium sulfate), may be effective in patients refractory to or intolerant of LFAB. Early surgical debridement or excision plays an important adjunctive role. Additional studies are required to assess the optimal duration of therapy as well as the specific roles of LFAB and the triazoles in the treatment of mucormycosis.
Brain Edema: Newer Concept of Treatment
Authors: Mohanty Sureswar , Swain Srikant Kumar , Biswal Chinmay 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBrain edema is excess accumulation of water in intracellular or extracellular spaces of the brain. It may be due to traumatic brain injury, neoplasm, infection, or following surgery. Advent of electron microscope and molecular pathophysiology of fluid transport through blood–brain barrier has elucidated the mechanism of edema formation, that is, ion channels and transport of fluid into extracellular space. Currently approved treatments, such as decompressive craniectomy and osmotherapy, controlled hyperventilation, and administration of diuretics, were developed prior to any knowledge of modern cerebral edema pathophysiology. These therapies attempt to manage downstream end-stage events without directly attenuating the underlying molecular mechanisms of cerebral edema. Next few years will yield new knowledge of how particular proteins drive edema influx, paving the way for rationally designed therapeutics that directly target key steps in cerebral edema formation, thereby achieving what currently approved therapies do not. Pharmacological agents which can block edema formation are being tried experimentally and clinically. Development in imaging, that is, computed tomography and diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging, has helped in antemortem assessment of evolution and resolution of brain edema as a dynamic pathophysiology. Animal studies shows release of vasoactive substances, that is, histamine, serotonin, adrenaline, nitric oxide, substance P, prostaglandins, tumor necrosis factor-α, and cytokines, in the injured brain results in activation of inflammatory cascade, which is the important cause of brain edema.
Lexical stress variation and rhythmic alternation in Russian
Authors: Kukhto Anton , Piperski Alexander 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Our paper investigates lexical stress placement variation in Modern Standard Russian past tense verbal forms. This
kind of variation has arisen due to complex interactions of various processes in the development of Russian and its present-day
state is said (often rather impressionistically) to be conditioned by intra-speaker sociolinguistic factors. However, cases of inter-speaker variation can also be observed. We put forward a proposal that stress placement in forms with
variable stress is influenced by the rhythmic pattern of immediate linear context. To support this, we report on a pilot
experiment that shows a preference towards alternating rhythm in a sequence consisting of a past tense verbal form of a
transitive verb and its direct object, thus conforming to the fundamental principle of rhythmic alternation. The results also
raise some questions about the phonology of stress and stress variation in Russian and beyond.
Soil fauna diversity at different stages of reed restoration in a lakeshore wetland at Lake Taihu, China
Authors: Li Wei , Dou Zhiguo , Cui Lijuan , Zhao Xinsheng , Zhang Manyin , Zhang Yan , Gao Changjun , Yang Zheng , Lei Yinru , Pan Xu 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction
: Wetland soil fauna support material cycling and restoration processes in wetland ecosystems. In our study, we observed variations in wetland soil fauna on the shores of Lake Taihu, China. We examined the relationships between fauna and major environmental factors, and looked at the short-and long-term changes in reed wetlands under restoration and in the natural reed lakeshore.

Outcomes
: We identified 93 groups of soil fauna in different wetlands and found significant differences in the lakeshore wetlands’ soil fauna assemblages, depending on the length of the restoration period. By analyzing the soil fauna community evenness, dominance, number of taxa, and diversity, we found minimal seasonal variation in the soil fauna community diversity and abundance. The abundance of soil fauna in the sites under restoration decreased with depth below the soil surface. The reed restoration was obvious in the succession of the soil fauna groups in the long-term site. Although the restoration had an overall positive long-term effect on the soil fauna communities, there were no obvious short-term changes in the number of individuals.

Conclusion
: The study explored various potential measures to restore soil fauna in the Lake Taihu wetland and developed a theoretical basis for restoring the lakeshore wetland ecosystem.
Strategic Opinion Language on the US Courts of Appeals
Authors: Boston Joshua 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWhat strategies do judges employ when they anticipate review? Constrained judges behave strategically by using particular instruments—like language complexity—when authoring opinions. Prior studies suggest that judges use complexity in anticipation of legislative hostility. Similarly, the threat of review and reversal may spur opinion complexity. This study examines variations in circuit court opinions resulting from precedent treatment and Supreme Court preferences. When a circuit negatively treats a Supreme Court precedent that the justices prefer or a circuit positively treats a precedent that the justices dislike, opinion complexity should increase. These hypotheses find support, suggesting that circuits strategically insulate using opinion complexity.
Numerical Solutions of Volterra Integral Equations of the Second Kind using Lagrange interpolation via the Vandermonde matrix
Authors: Shoukralla E S , Ahmed B M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A new method is established for solving Volterra integral equations of the second kind using Lagrange interpolation through the Vandermonde approach. The goal is to minimize the interpolation errors of the high-degree polynomials on equidistance interpolations by redefining the original Lagrange functions in terms of the monomial basis. Accordingly, the complexity of the calculations is significantly reduced, and time is saved. To achieve this, the given data and the unknown functions are interpolated using Lagrange polynomials of the same degree via the Vandermonde matrix. Moreover, the interpolant unknown function is substituted twice into both sides of the integral equation so that the solution is reduced to an equivalent matrix equation without any need to apply collocation points. The error norm estimation is proved to be equal to zero. It was found that the obtained Vandermonde numerical solutions were equal to the exact ones, the calculation time was remarkably reduced, the round-off error was significantly reduced and the problematics due to the high-degree interpolating polynomial was completely faded regardless of whether the given functions were analytical or not. Thus, interpolation via the Vandermonde matrix ensures the accuracy, efficiency and authenticity of the presented method.
Design and Fabrication of Multi-band Wearable Fractal Antenna for Telehealth Applications
Authors: Ahmed M I , Ahmed M F 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a Multi-band Wearable Fractal Antenna is fabricated for Telehealth Applications. The projected antenna substrate is made from a flexible Jeans textile material. The dielectric properties of this textile can be measured by two different methods. Also, a folded copper tape is used to fabricate the projected wearable antenna. Further, the projected antenna under the bent conditions is studied in details. The specific absorption ratio (SAR) is also studied in this paper. The projected antenna is simulated by CST simulator version 2018 and measured by Agilent8719ES VNA. Finally, there is a large convergence between the measured and the simulation results.
Eye Diseases Monitoring Using Statistical Analysis of Disc Topography and RNFL Circular Tomogram Parameters
Authors: Makram Mohamed Safaa , Ali Wahba Ashraf , Ali Ahmed Eldosoky Mohamed 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this paper, Statistics method for data taken from ophthalmology institute of Cairo, Egypt used to pinpoint the absolute measurement precision of high resolution technique of Topcon three dimensional optical coherence topography FA plus (Topcon 3D OCT FA plus) parameters by expressing them as limit of agreement percentage ( LA95%) then, suggest a method for mathematically evaluating the ability of parameter to monitor ailment progression expressed as Discriminate Capacity Index (DCI) then, select parameters suitable for both conversion to glaucoma and modify to outright glaucoma . The used Parameters were area of disc, cup, rim and cup to disc ratio, linear and veridical cup to disc ratio, volume of cup, rim volume, horizontal and vertical diameter, total thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), average superior thickness of RNFL and average inferior thickness of RNFL parameters have been arranged with a DCI ≥ 0.4 for glaucoma detection and with a DCI≥ 2.3 for continue of glaucoma. The most adequate parameters for both detection and follow-up of glaucoma are Inferior thickness of RNFL (DCI=4.1976), total thickness of RNFL (DCI=16.56) and vertical cup- to- disc ratio (CDR) (DCI=22.1875).
Arrhythmia Disease Classification and Mobile Based System Design
Authors: Samir AbdElMoneem Soha , Hanafy Said Hany , Anwar Saad Amani 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a measure of variation in the time interval between consecutive heart beats.HRV analysis is highly sensitive for risks linked with cardiovascular diseases which are main causes of death in Egypt and all over the Middle East. Early detection of cardiac arrhythmia diseases achieves effective treatment by making it easy to choose appropriate anti-arrhythmic drugs, also very important for improving arrhythmia therapy and preventing number of death in individuals. In this paper, an efficient cardiac arrhythmia detection algorithm is introduced. Different classifiers are deployed and examined on ECG signals. Various oversampling techniques are investigated to handle imbalanced dataset. The ensemble classifier; support vector machine and Random forest with random sampling show accuracy of 98.18 % in 0.145 sec which is the best accuracy among all other classifiers. In addition, this paper also proposes a mobile based system architecture integrated with the algorithm for diagnosis and classification of cardiac arrhythmia diseases. The proposed system can be easily used by patients to check their heart health remotely and easily.
Improved Position Estimation of Real Time Integrated Low-Cost Navigation System Using Unscented Kalman Filter
Authors: Eldesoky Abdalla , Hamed Ahmed , Kamel Ahmed M. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Low cost Micro Electrical Mechanical Systems (MEMS) inertial sensors have nominated their use in domains such as navigation systems but these sensors are noisy and characterized by their measurements drift and large errors. In this work, an integrated navigation system is implemented and its performance is evaluated through experimental work in both post processing and real time domains. The real time processing is built on multi-platform 32-bit ARM core ATMEL microcontroller while at the same time raw sensors measurements are saved for post processing under MATLAB. North and East position errors measurements were used in this work to evaluate position improvement calculated using MEMS inertial sensors integrated with position and velocity from Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver readings at slow rates. For such evaluation, the calibrated measurements from gyroscopes and accelerometers are fed to a mechanization process to build an inertial navigation system (INS). The INS drifting navigation solution is fused with a GPS measurement through Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). UKF does not require linearization of the system model such as the status of the commonly used Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The results of the experimental work show that the implemented low cost integrated navigation system based on UKF can achieve a level of accuracy superior than other (EKF) based expensive systems.
A Novel Dual-Band 28/38 GHz AFSL MIMO Antenna for 5G Smartphone Applications
Authors: Marzouk H M , Ahmed M I , Shaalan A A 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis manuscript introduces the design and analysis of dual-band air-filled-slotted- loop MIMO antenna which operates at 28 and 38 GHz frequencies for coming fifth-generation 5G for mobile communications. The antenna designed using low-cost FR-4 substrate material that achieving good performance of means of gain and efficiency. The dual-band operation acquired by presenting an air-filled-slotted loop AFSL structures in the radiators. The antenna model contains radiating patch at the upper edge with three AFSLs for 28 GHz and radiating patch at the lower edge with three AFSLs for 38 GHz. The attained results demonstrate that the reflection coefficients for the upper and lower antennas below -10 dB in the frequency bands (27.7 - 28.7) GHz and (37.3 - 38.6) GHz with impedance bandwidths 3.5% for 28 GHz and 7% for 38 GHz which has the quality of covering the 5G band. The introduced antenna is designed and simulated by industry-standard CST 2017 MWS and HFSS programs with substrate size of 55 x 110 mm2with h = 1.6 mm and εr=4.3.
Enhancing the quantum cost of Reed-Muller Based Boolean quantum circuits using genetic algorithms
Authors: Shaban M , Younes A , Elsayed A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
There is a direct equivalence between Boolean functions represented in Reed-Muller logic and Boolean Quantum Circuits. Different polarity Reed-Muller expansions will give different Boolean quantum circuits with different cost for the same Boolean function. For a given Boolean function with n variables there are 2n possible expansions. Searching for the expansion that gives a Boolean quantum circuit with minimum quantum cost within the search space is a hard problem for large n. This paper will use genetic algorithms to find the fixed/mixed polarity Reed-Muller expansion that gives a Boolean quantum circuit with minimum quantum cost to optimize the circuit realization of a given Boolean function.