bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The runaway kidney: a rare case of a parastomal hernia with partial kidney herniation
Authors: Livezey Jonathan B , Bolock Alexa M , Farrell Timothy J 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Although parastomal hernias are a common complication of ostomy formation, herniation of intra-abdominal organs, aside from intestine, is infrequent. Furthermore, herniation of retroperitoneal organs, such as the kidney, is an extremely rare finding. We report the case of a 59-year-old male with a right ileostomy who presented with an acute kidney injury with suggestive urinary tract infection. A computed tomography scan revealed a left proximal ureteral stone with left hydronephrosis and a prominent right parastomal hernia with herniation of the mesenteric/retroperitoneal fat, portion of the right kidney, right proximal ureter and some bowel. The patient was taken to the operating room for a left cystourethroscopy with stent placement and made a full recovery. Due to the patient’s extensive surgical history, high risk of postoperative infection and lack of evidence demonstrating functional impairment of the right kidney, surgical intervention was not recommended at the present time.
Zygnema circumcarinatum UTEX 1559 chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes provide insight into land plant evolution
Authors: Orton Lauren M , Fitzek Elisabeth , Feng Xuehuan , Grayburn W Scott , Mower Jeffrey P , Liu Kan , Zhang Chi , Duvall Melvin R , Yin Yanbin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The complete chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of Charophyta have shed new light on land plant terrestrialization. Here, we report the organellar genomes of the Zygnema circumcarinatum strain UTEX 1559, and a comparative genomics investigation of 33 plastomes and 18 mitogenomes of Chlorophyta, Charophyta (including UTEX 1559 and its conspecific relative SAG 698-1a), and Embryophyta. Gene presence/absence was determined across these plastomes and mitogenomes. A comparison between the plastomes of UTEX 1559 (157 548 bp) and SAG 698-1a (165 372 bp) revealed very similar gene contents, but substantial genome rearrangements. Surprisingly, the two plastomes share only 85.69% nucleotide sequence identity. The UTEX 1559 mitogenome size is 215 954 bp, the largest among all sequenced Charophyta. Interestingly, this large mitogenome contains a 50 kb region without homology to any other organellar genomes, which is flanked by two 86 bp direct repeats and contains 15 ORFs. These ORFs have significant homology to proteins from bacteria and plants with functions such as primase, RNA polymerase, and DNA polymerase. We conclude that (i) the previously published SAG 698-1a plastome is probably from a different Zygnema species, and (ii) the 50 kb region in the UTEX 1559 mitogenome might be recently acquired as a mobile element.
The shape of SN 1993J re-analysed
Authors: Stevance H F , Baade D , Bruten J R , Cikota A , Clocchiatti A , Hines D C , Höflich P , Maund J R , Patat F , Vallely P J , Wheeler J C 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
SN 1993J is one of the best-studied Type IIb supernovae. Spectropolarimetric data analyses were published over two decades ago at a time when the field of supernova spectropolarimetry was in its infancy. Here, we present a new analysis of the spectropolarimetric data of SN 1993J and an improved estimate of its interstellar polarization (ISP) as well as a critical review of ISP removal techniques employed in the field. The polarization of SN 1993J is found to show significant alignment on the q − u plane, suggesting the presence of a dominant axis and therefore of continuum polarization. We also see strong line polarization features, including H β, He i λ5876, H α, He i λ6678, He i λ7065, and high velocity (HV) components of He i λ5876 and H α. SN 1993J is therefore the second example of a stripped-envelope supernova, alongside iPTF13bvn, with prominent HV helium polarization features, and the first to show a likely HV H α contribution. Overall, we determine that the observed features can be interpreted as the superposition of anisotropically distributed line forming regions over ellipsoidal ejecta. We cannot exclude the possibility of an off-axis energy source within the ejecta. These data demonstrate the rich structures that are inaccessible if solely considering the flux spectra but can be probed by spectropolarimetric observations. In future studies, the new ISP corrected data can be used in conjunction with 3D radiative transfer models to better map the geometry of the ejecta of SN 1993J.
Setting the scene for BUFFALO: a study of the matter distribution in the HFF galaxy cluster MACS J0416.1−2403 and its parallel field
Authors: Gonzalez E J , Chalela M , Jauzac M , Eckert D , Schaller M , Harvey D , Niemiec A , Koekemoer A M , Barnes D , Clowe D , Connor T , Diego J M , Remolina Gonzalez J D , Steinhardt C L 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
In the context of the Beyond Ultradeep Frontier Fields And Legacy Observations (BUFFALO) survey, we present a new analysis of the merging galaxy cluster MACS J0416.1−2403 (z = 0.397) and its parallel field using Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF) data. We measure the surface mass density from a weak-lensing analysis and characterize the overall matter distribution in both the cluster and parallel fields. The surface mass distribution derived for the parallel field shows clumpy overdensities connected by filament-like structures elongated in the direction of the cluster core. We also characterize the X-ray emission in the parallel field and compare it with the lensing mass distribution. We identify five mass peaks at the &gt;5σ level over the two fields, four of them being in the cluster one. Three of them are located close to galaxy overdensities and one is also close to an excess in the X-ray emission. Nevertheless, two of them have neither optical nor X-ray counterpart and are located close to the edges of the field of view, thus further studies are needed to confirm them as substructures. Finally, we compare our results with the predicted subhalo distribution of one of the Hydrangea/C-EAGLE simulated cluster. Significant differences are obtained suggesting the simulated cluster is at a more advanced evolutionary stage than MACS J0416.1−2403. Our results anticipate the upcoming BUFFALO observations that will link the two HFF fields, extending further the HST coverage.
The Bubble Nebula NGC 7635 – testing the wind-blown bubble theory
Authors: Toalá J A , Guerrero M A , Todt H , Sabin L , Oskinova L M , Chu Y-H , Ramos-Larios G , Gómez-González V M A 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We present a multiwavelength study of the iconic Bubble Nebula (NGC 7635) and its ionizing star BD+60○2522. We obtained XMM–Newton EPIC X-ray observations to search for extended X-ray emission as in other similar wind-blown bubbles around massive stars. We also obtained San Pedro Mártir spectroscopic observations with the Manchester Echelle Spectrometer to study the dynamics of the Bubble Nebula. Although our EPIC observations are deep, we do not detect extended X-ray emission from this wind-blown bubble. On the other hand, BD+60○2522 is a bright X-ray source similar to other O stars. We used the stellar atmosphere code PoWR to characterize BD+60○2522 and found that this star is a young O-type star with stellar wind capable of producing a wind-blown bubble that in principle could be filled with hot gas. We discussed our findings in line with recent numerical simulations proposing that the Bubble Nebula has been formed as the result of the fast motion of BD+60○2522 through the medium. Our kinematic study shows that the Bubble Nebula is composed by a series of nested shells, some showing blister-like structures, but with little signatures of hydrodynamical instabilities that would mix the material producing diffuse X-ray emission as seen in other wind-blown bubbles. Its morphology seems to be merely the result of projection effects of these different shells.
Processing of 72-K water-rich ices by keV and MeV oxygen ions: implications for the Saturnian moon Enceladus
Authors: Rachid M G , Pilling S , Rocha W R M , Agnihotri A , Rothard H , Boduch P 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
The processing of H2O:CO2:CH4 (10:1:1) and H2O:CO2:CH4:NH3 (10:1:1:1) ices at 72 K by oxygen ions was studied in an attempt to simulate the physicochemical effects induced by energetic ions on the surface of Enceladus (or similar cold surfaces in the outer Solar System). The experiments were carried out at the Grand Accélérateur National d’Ions Lourds (GANIL) in Caen/France. The samples were irradiated with 15.7-MeV O5+ at the IRRadiation SUD (IRRSUD) beamline and with 108-keV O6+ at the Accélérateurs pour les Recherches avec les Ions de Basses Energies (ARIBE) beamline. The frozen samples were monitored by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy (4000–650 cm−1, 2.5–15.4 μm, at 1 cm−1 resolution). The identified molecular species formed during irradiation were CO, OCN−, CH3OH, HCN, CN−, H2CO3, HNCO, HCO and CO3. The effective formation cross-sections for the synthesis of new species and the effective molecular destruction cross-sections of the parent species in the experiments with MeV ions were found to be of the order of 10−14–10−13 cm2. For the keV ion experiments, these values were of the order of 10−16–10−15 cm2. The fluence at which the sample reaches chemical equilibrium and the molecular abundances in this region (equilibrium branching ratios) were estimated. These experiments suggest that the chemical inventory on the surface of Enceladus can be influenced by the incidence of charged particles on to the moon’s surface.
H ii regions in the CALIFA survey: I. catalogue presentation
Authors: Espinosa-Ponce C , Sánchez S F , Morisset C , Barrera-Ballesteros J K , Galbany L , García-Benito R , Lacerda E A D , Mast D 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
We present a new catalogue of H ii regions based on the integral field spectroscopy (IFS) data of the extended CALIFA and PISCO samples. The selection of H ii regions was based on two assumptions: a clumpy structure with high contrast of H α emission and an underlying stellar population comprising young stars. The catalogue provides the spectroscopic information of 26 408 individual regions corresponding to 924 galaxies, including the flux intensities and equivalent widths of 51 emission lines covering the wavelength range between 3745 and 7200 Å. To our knowledge, this is the largest catalogue of spectroscopic properties of H ii regions. We explore a new approach to decontaminate the emission lines from diffuse ionized gas contribution. This diffuse gas correction was estimated to correct every emission line within the considered spectral range. With the catalogue of H ii regions corrected, new demarcation lines are proposed for the classical diagnostic diagrams. Finally, we study the properties of the underlying stellar populations of the H ii regions. It was found that there is a direct relationship between the ionization conditions on the nebulae and the properties of stellar populations besides the physicals condition on the ionized regions.
Validating the methodology for constraining the linear growth rate from clustering anisotropies
Authors: García-Farieta Jorge Enrique , Marulli Federico , Moscardini Lauro , Veropalumbo Alfonso , Casas-Miranda Rigoberto A 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Redshift-space clustering distortions provide one of the most powerful probes to test the gravity theory on the largest cosmological scales. We perform a systematic validation study of the state-of-the-art statistical methods currently used to constrain the linear growth rate from redshift-space distortions in the galaxy two-point correlation function. The numerical pipelines are tested on mock halo catalogues extracted from large N-body simulations of the standard cosmological framework. We consider both the monopole and quadrupole multipole moments of the redshift-space two-point correlation function, as well as the radial and transverse clustering wedges, in the comoving scale range 10 &lt; r[$h^{-1}\, \mbox{Mpc}$] &lt; 55. Moreover, we investigate the impact of redshift measurement errors on the growth rate and linear bias measurements due to the assumptions in the redshift-space distortion model. Considering both the dispersion model and two widely used models based on perturbation theory, we find that the linear growth rate is underestimated by about $5\!-\! 10\, {\rm {per\ cent}}$ at $z$ &lt; 1, while limiting the analysis at larger scales, r &gt; 30 $h^{-1}\, \mbox{Mpc}$, the discrepancy is reduced below $5\, {\rm {per\ cent}}$. At higher redshifts, we find instead an overall good agreement between measurements and model predictions. Though this accuracy is good enough for clustering analyses in current redshift surveys, the models have to be further improved not to introduce significant systematics in RSD constraints from next-generation galaxy surveys. The effect of redshift errors is degenerate with the one of small-scale random motions, and can be marginalized over in the statistical analysis, not introducing any statistically significant bias in the linear growth constraints, especially at $z$ ≥ 1.
Monopolistic competition with generalized additively separable preferences
Authors: Bertoletti Paolo , Etro Federico 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We study monopolistic competition equilibria with free entry and social planner solutions under symmetric generalized additively separable preferences, which encompass known cases such as additive, homothetic, translog and other preferences. This setting can jointly produce competition and selection effects of entry, incomplete pass-through of cost changes and pricing to market. We discuss the inefficiencies of the market equilibrium under Gorman-Pollak preferences and show its optimality under implicit constant elasticity of substitution preferences. We propose a new specification of generalized translated power preferences, and discuss applications to trade and macroeconomics.
Introduction: The Battle over Race, Crime, and Gentrification
Authors: Doering Jan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The first chapter gives an overview of crime and gentrification in Rogers Park and Uptown. It explains why residents largely regarded efforts to tackle these interconnected problems as mutually exclusive. It also situates the local tensions about crime and gentrification in the broader historical and structural context of racial segregation and integration in the American city. In addition, the chapter introduces the book’s methodological approach, outlines its research questions, and develops its theoretical framework. Regarding the theoretical framework, the chapter introduces two simple concepts, “racial challenges” and “racial neutralizations,” which describe the contentious work of framing social phenomena as racially problematic or racially benign.
The Need for Forbearance in Space Settlement
Authors: Schwartz James S.J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This chapter argues that there is not an urgent need for humans to establish space settlements. It defends the existence of an in-principle obligation to settle space to ensure long-term human survival, and shows that such an obligation is not defeated by various forms of skepticism about duties to future generations, including the “Non-Identity” problem. However, it argues that for the foreseeable future, space settlements will not be effective tools for ensuring long-term human survival, and that for the time being, the scientific exploration of space should be prioritized over space settlement. It also argues that space settlements would risk the wrongful exploitation of settlers and their descendants, and that space settlement would be impermissible if it led to diminution of reproductive autonomy.
Epilogue
Authors: Schwartz James S.J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This concluding chapter argues that scientific exploration of the space environment should remain a priority even if space settlements are established, and even if technological breakthroughs decrease the cost of spaceflight enough to increase spaceflight activities by orders of magnitude. It addresses the enduring need to engage in scientific examination in order to establish the viability of space environments for human habitation. It also reaffirms the value of scientific exploration, knowledge, and understanding—which will only become more significant in space societies, if they are ever established. The Epilogue concludes by addressing the possible development of revolutionary technologies, the opportunity costs associated with prioritizing scientific exploration, and the future value of scientific exploration, knowledge, and understanding in space.
Google Rules
Authors: Gray Joanne Elizabeth 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Google Rules traces the rise of Google through its legal, commercial, and political negotiations over copyright. The first part of the book shows how the public interest suffers in a digital copyright policy debate dominated by powerful industry stakeholders. The second part explores Google’s contributions to digital copyright and the copyright policies that Google enforces across its own platforms. Increasingly, Google self-regulates and negotiates with media and entertainment companies to privately devise copyright rules. Google then deploys algorithmic regulatory technologies to enforce those rules. Google’s private copyright rule-making and algorithmic enforcement limits transparency and accountability in digital copyright governance and privileges private interest and values over the public interest. Today, Google reigns over a technological and economic order that features empowered private actors and rapidly changing technological conditions. How to effectively regulate Google—in an evolving technological environment and in order to achieve public interest outcomes—is one of the most pressing policy questions of our time. Google Rules provides several strategies for taking up this challenge. While the parameters may be narrowly set upon one firm and one area of intellectual property law, ultimately, the book is a contribution to a much broader conversation about a new generation of monopolistic companies, born from the technological developments of the digital age, and the social, political, and economic influence they have acquired in contemporary society.
The Southern Key
Authors: Goldfield Michael 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The South is today, as it always has been, the key to understanding American society, its politics, its constitutional anomalies and government structure, its culture, its social relations, its music and literature, its media focus, its blind spots, and virtually everything else. The Southern Key argues that much of what is important in American politics and society today was largely shaped by the successes and failures of the labor movements of the 1930s and 1940s, and most notably the failures of southern labor organizing during this period. It also argues that these failures, despite some important successes in organizing interracial unions, left the South (and consequentially much of the rest of the United States as well) racially backward and open to right-wing demagoguery. These failures have led to a nationwide decline in unionization, growing economic inequality, and overall failures to confront white supremacy head on. In an in-depth look at unexamined archival material and detailed data, The Southern Key challenges established historiography, both telling a tale of race, radicalism, and betrayal and arguing that the outcome was not at all predetermined.
Breathing for Nerve Force, Posing for Poise
Authors: Foxen Anya P. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Chapter 3 examines the relationship between lingering harmonial ideas and the nineteenth-century evolution of physical culture. Specifically it relates the development of Ling Swedish gymnastics, the Movement Cure, and American Delsarteism with the rise of alternative medical therapies and gender dynamics. In doing so, it points to two trends that speak to modern yoga’s form as well as its gender demographics. First, modern yoga—especially the vastly popular dance-like flow styles—looks most like the light calisthenics that would have been prescribed for women during this period. Second, these types of calisthenics were elaborated to address distinctly feminine concerns, such as dress reform, which led to a special focus being placed on elements that would become central to modern yoga practice in the West, namely a generalized emphasis on deep breathing (rather than the more specific techniques of pranayama) and attention to aesthetic form.
Adaptations, Appropriations, and Aerobics
Authors: Foxen Anya P. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Chapter 6 examines the effect of historical dynamics upon the development of modern yoga practice, in the United States and Europe as well as India. Indian yogis were intimately familiar not only with Western physical culture but also Western metaphysical traditions. For this reason, one finds a diffusion of Western harmonial language into the writings on Indian yogis, where such terms are used to express an entirely different school of metaphysical concepts. This is mirrored by the ways in which Sanskrit terms are being used in Euro-American sources to represent genealogically Western harmonial concepts. The chapter concludes by examining the multiple waves of synthesis affected by later teachers of this hybrid yoga, such as Indra Devi, who found themselves at pains to differentiate between the yogic teachings they brought from India and the naturalized content of the broader harmonial fitness movement.
The Innovation Complex
Authors: Zukin Sharon 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The Innovation Complex shows how the new urban economy is being shaped by digital technology businesses and organizations, city government, and a tech-financial meritocracy. Looking closely at “innovation” in New York from the city’s fall in the dot-com crash of 2000 to its emergence as the second-largest startup ecosystem of the 2010s, the book examines the emergence of new organizational, geographical, and discursive spaces that literally root digital production in place, molding a tech-competent workforce, public-private-nonprofit partnerships, and a hegemonic, entrepreneurial culture. The Innovation Complex begins by exploring the city’s subculture of hackathons and meetups, describes the careers of New York–based startup founders and venture capitalists, and traces the transformation of the Brooklyn waterfront from industrial wasteland to “innovation coastline.” Analyzing connections between local networks and global capital, it shows how a Silicon Valley model of innovation is urbanized by big cities like New York, where an influential alliance between business, government, and university leaders recalls C. Wright Mills’s potent concept of the power elite. Paradoxically, while the 21st-century economy makes cities more successful, they also become less livable for those who cannot reap tech’s rewards.