bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pioneer Field Pilot of Optimal Reservoir Management in Campos Basin
Authors: Oliveira Diego Felipe Barbosa de , Pereira Diogo Ferreira Alves , Silveira Gustavo E. , Melo Pedro Andrade Lima Sá de 
Published: November 2019

SummaryReservoir management in offshore fields is a challenging task, particularly for mature fields because of a typical excessive production of water and/or gas. Because of several constraints on facilities capacity, an assisted reservoir management process can deliver solutions to optimally operate offshore fields, seeking to increase oil production with better assessment of water and gas production and injection. Optimal reservoir management (ORM) can be applied aiming at maximizing reservoir performance and to deliver well controls applicable to field operations. In this work, we implemented an assisted optimization procedure to maximize overall oil production for a field offshore Brazil in Campos Basin.We applied our ORM technique in an important field offshore Brazil, where cumulative oil production is maximized by optimally controlling water rates through injection wells. Injection rates can vary with time, honoring operational requirements of smoothness. Geomechanical limits on injection pressures are considered to avoid loss of rock integrity, and platform constraints on overall production and injection are imposed at all times. Our approach deals with reservoir uncertainties described within a large set of calibrated simulation models to decide on optimal injection rates, taking into account possible risks.The model-based ORM under uncertainty that we developed showed gains in total oil production over 20 years of operation up to 7.2% with respect to the base strategy currently applied. On average, results show an increase of near 4% in oil production, with concomitant reduction in total water production and in overall water injection.To guarantee that the gains forecast by our study are feasible, a pilot test in the actual field has been implemented to verify the consistency between modeling and reality (data observation). We have chosen an area in the field to proceed with the optimal injection control pilot, aiming to check the quality of the uncertain models in comparison to the observed data in practice. The pilot area has been selected on the basis of aspects related to geological description, connectivity expected in the reservoir, and operational constraints. The results of 8 months of the pilot show clear coherence between models and reality that is well within the uncertainty range accepted at the reservoir of interest.To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that an offshore field is actually operated on the basis of a set of controls obtained through an assisted ORM procedure, although it was performed at a pilot scale. Results suggest robust benefits under reservoir-uncertainties consideration, and large-scale application will take place soon, but that is outside the scope of this work. The pilot provided more confidence in field applications, leading to a broader perspective for full-field implementations.
Correlate of Post-natal care utilization in rural Ethiopia: An evidence from Secondary data analysis of Ethiopian Demographic Health survey 2016.
Authors: Abebe REKIKU Fikre , Negash Berhan Tsegaye , bogale Zelalem Tenaw , Beru wegene Jemebere , Molla Getnet Kassahun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Abstract
Background: Postnatalcareutilizationis the most neglected care in Ethiopian,despite a large proportion of maternal and neonatal deaths occurs during postnatal period. Evidence suggested that utilization of postnatal care averts major complications of the fetus and mother.But,proportion of rular women utilization of postnatal care is low in Ethiopia. Information about prevalence and factors which determine utilization of postnatal care utlization in rular women in Ethiopia is mandatory for policy making, and program design to enhance its utilization.
Objective: Theobjective of this study was to determine the prevalence of utilization of postnatal care and to identify its determinant factorsamong rural women who gave birth in the past five yearsbefore Ethiopian demographic health survey, in 2016.
Method: This study utilized data from Ethiopian demographic health survey2016 for analysis. It is a national two stage, cross sectional study. It analyzed data for rural women who gave birth at least one time in the past five year before data survey time. Logistic regression was applied to identify explanatory variables associated with outcome variable. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed and P-value< 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Result:The prevalenceof postnatal care utilizationamong rural women was 11.4%.Place of delivery[AOR=4.3, 95%CI, 1.4-5.2], ANCvisit [AOR=2.1, 95%CI, 1.1-3.9] and Women in the richest wealth quintile [AOR=2.97, 95%CI, 1.9-4.5] were factors associated with postnatal care service utilization among rural women in Ethiopia in 2016.
Conclusion and recommendation: This study showed that prevalence of postnatal care utlization was low. Being in richest wealth quintile, history of ANC vist and place of delivery were positive predictors of postnatal care utlization among rural women. Regardless of proven strategies utilized to maximize utilization of postnatal care utlization by the government of Ethiopia, this study showed that prevalence is low in rural areas. Therefore, community awareness creation, increasing institutional coverage by expanding maternity waiting area and besides, the government should design and implement income increasing package among rural women.
Immunosuppressive Therapy for Restenosis Prevention after Coronary Bare-Metal Stent Implantation -A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Dai Yun-Lang , Zhou Jing , Jiang Yu-Feng , Hu Sheng-Da , He Yong-Ming 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Previous studies revealed controversial results regarding the prevention of in-stent restenosis after coronary bare-metal stents (BMS) placement with systemic administration of immunosuppressive drugs. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the role played by immunosuppressive therapy (IST) in reducing both in-stent restenosis and adverse clinical events after BMS implantation. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases for randomized, controlled studies that investigated the therapeutic effects of IST after BMS insertions. Endpoints assessed were: (1) angiographic restenosis by the end of at least 6 months of follow-up; (2) target vessel revascularization (TVR); and (3) risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). MACE was defined as death, myocardial infarction and TVR. Results: Nine randomized, controlled trials including 1576 patients (mean age 62 years; follow-up of 6-12 months) were included in this analysis. Meta-analysis showed periprocedural IST + BMS significantly reduced in-stent restenosis as compared to BMS alone (RR: 0.59 [0.39-0.90], P = 0.01). In particular, IST reduced restenosis in high-risk patients (defined as patients with mean reference diameter < 3.0 mm or high periprocedural C-reactive protein level) (RR: 0.34 [0.15,0.74], P = 0.006) rather than in low-risk patients ( P for interaction = 0.06). Similarly, IST also reduced the risk of MACE (RR: 0.63 [0.50-0.80], P < 0.01) and TVR (RR: 0.57 [0.33-0.97], P = 0.04). Conclusions: Periprocedural IST reduces the risk of angiographic restenosis, TVR and MACE in patients with BMS implantation. The advantage of IST is driven mainly by a lower risk of in-stent restenosis in high-risk patients. Key words: immunosuppressive therapy, restenosis, bare-metal stents , meta-analysis
Clinical and Economic Impact of Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Bloodstream Infections in Taiwan: A nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Yung-Chih , Shih Shu-Man , Chen Yung-Tai , Hsiung Chao A. , Kuo Shu-Chen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: To estimate the clinical and economic impact of intensive care unit-acquired bloodstream infections in Taiwan.
Methods: The first episodes of intensive care unit-acquired bloodstream infections in patients ≥ 20 years of age in the Taiwanese population were identified in the National Health Insurance Research Database and in the Taiwan Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (2007-2015) dataset. Propensity score-matching (1:2) of demographic data, comorbidities, and disease severity was performed to select a comparison cohort from a pool of intensive care unit patients without intensive care unit-acquired infections from the same datasets.
Results: After matching, the in-hospital mortality of 14,369 patients with intensive care unit-acquired bloodstream infections was 44.38%, compared to 33.50% for 28,738 intensive care unit patients without bloodstream infections. The 14-day mortality rate was also higher in the bloodstream infections cohort (4,367, 30.39% vs. 6,860 deaths, 23.87%, respectively; p < 0.001). Furthermore, the patients with intensive care unit-acquired bloodstream infections had a prolonged length of hospitalization after their index date (18 [IQR 7–39] vs. 10 days [IQR 4–21], respectively; p < 0.001) and a higher healthcare cost (16,086 [IQR 9,706–26,131] vs. 10,731 US dollars [IQR 6,375–16,910], respectively; p < 0.001). The excessive hospital stay and healthcare cost per case were 12.77 days and 7,646 US dollars, respectively. Similar results were observed in subgroup analyses of various World Health Organization’s priority pathogens and Candida spp.
Conclusions: Intensive care unit-acquired bloodstream infections in critically ill patients were associated with increased mortality, longer hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs.
Inhibition of PAR1 attenuates meningeal macrophage activation and vascular inflammation in a rat model of thrombin-induced hydrocephalus
Authors: Hao Xiaodi , Ye Xianghua , Shen Dan , Le Chensheng , Tong Lusha , Gao Feng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background and Purpose— Our previous studies demonstrated that intraventricular injection of thrombin could induce hydrocephalus. The inflammation of subarachnoid space plays a key role in hydrocephalus. As thrombin, inducing coagulation, could contribute to inflammation, its effects on subarachnoid space have not been well studied. Macrophagic dysfunction may contribute to this course. However, the mechanisms that how thrombin affects macrophage in subarachnoid space have not been illustrated. Our aim was to explore the possible role that macrophage played in thrombin-induced meningeal inflammation, and to furtherly understand its contribution during thrombin-induced hydrocephalus. Methods— There were two parts in this study. Firstly, rats had an intraventricular injection of saline or thrombin. Secondly, rats received thrombin injection with vehicle or PAR1 antagonist treatment. Immunofluorescence staining was applied to observe the activation of meningeal macrophage and the expression of NeuN in the cortex. Meanwhile, the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) in meningeal vessels were tested to detect the vascular inflammation. Western blot was applied to measure the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IFNγ). Results— Our results demonstrated that intraventricular injection of thrombin caused significant activation of meningeal macrophages, vascular inflammation, and neuron loss. Inhibition of PAR1 pathway attenuated the M1 polarization of meningeal macrophage, reduced the inflammatory infiltrations and prevented the neuron loss, as well as hydrocephalus after thrombin injection. Conclusions— Clinically available PAR1 antagonists may offer a novel therapeutic approach candidate for the prevention or the management of inflammation in hemorrhage-induced hydrocephalus.
Innate Phagocytosis and P2X7 Receptor Function: a Comparison of Endophthalmitis Patients and Population Controls
Authors: Hurley Andrew , Dawkins Rosie Claire Hewitt , Huang Xin , Gu Baijun , Allen Penelope 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Endophthalmitis is an uncommon and serious intraocular infection. Endophthalmitis most commonly follows on from cataract surgery or intravitreal injections. The rate of endophthalmitis has fallen in recent years with improved surgical techniques, and infection control. However, despite all precautions, cases of endophthalmitis continue to present. It is possible that poor intraocular immune function makes some patients susceptible to endophthalmitis. We propose that innate phagocytic function is one determinant of the development of endophthalmitis. In order to investigate this, we measured the innate phagocytic function and P2X7 receptor function acutely and at intervals through convalesence for patients who developed endophthalmitis, and compared it with the function of a published population control group.Methods Patients presented to a tertiary eye hospital emergency department with acute endophthalmitis. Informed consent was obtained, and peripheral blood taken. Innate phagocytosis of ethidium and fluorescent latex beads was then quantified using a validated flow cytometric-method at the Florey Institute. Patients had repeat bloods taken at 1 week and 3 months after recruitment.Results P2X7 receptor function was significantly reduced in the endophthalmitis cohort compared to controls. P2X7 function improved through convalescence as patients recovered from endophthalmitis but did not improve to the level of controls. Phagocytic function was reduced in the endophthalmitis cohort compared to controls at all time points. There was no improvement in phagocytic function observed as patients recovered from endophthalmitis.Conclusions The data from this study showed greatly lowered phagocytic function and P2X7 function in patients who developed endophthalmitis, as compared to population controls. This important finding may allow us to predict susceptibility or guide future therapeutics through enhancement of innate phagocytic function.
A mixed-methods evaluation of a cluster randomized controlled trial on simulation-based low-dose, high-frequency plus mobile mentoring training versus traditional group-based training of health workers in Ebonyi and Kogi States, Nigeria
Authors: UGWA EMMANUEL , Kabue Mark , Otolorin Emmanuel , Yenokyan Gayane , Oniyire Adetiloye , Orji Bright , Okoli Ugo , Enne Joseph , Alobo Gabriel , Olisaekee Gladys , Adebayo Oluwatobi , Oduenyi Chioma , Aledare Adekunle , Onwe Boniface , Ishola Gbenga 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: There are few studies from low- and middle-income countries on learning outcomes among health workers who have been trained on day of birth care using onsite, simulation-based, low-dose, high frequency (LDHF) training plus mobile (m) mentoring. The aim of this study was to compare their knowledge and skills competencies with those of health workers trained using the traditional offsite, group-based training (TRAD) approach in Kogi and Ebonyi states, Nigeria, over a 12-month period.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cluster randomized controlled trial, enrolling 299 health workers in 60 health facilities in Kogi and Ebonyi states, randomized to either LDHF/m-mentoring (intervention, n=30 facilities) or traditional group-based training (TRAD, n=30 facilities) control arm. Health workers in both arms received basic emergency obstetric and newborn care training with simulated practice using anatomic models and role-plays. The control arm participants were trained offsite while the intervention arm were trained onsite where they work. Mentorship was done through telephone calls and reminder text messages. The multiple choice questions and objective structured clinical examinations mean scores were compared; p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Qualitative data were collected and analyzed along themes of interest.

Results: The mean knowledge scores between the two arms at months 3 and 12 post-training were equally high; no statistically significant differences. Both arms showed improvements in composite scores for assessed BEmONC clinical skills from around 30% at baseline to 75% and above at endline (p <0.05). Overall, the observed improvement and retention of skills was higher in intervention arm compared to the control arm at 12 months post-training, (p<0.05). Some LDHF/m-mentoring approach trainees reported that mentors’ support improved their acquisition and maintenance of knowledge and skills, which may have led to reductions in maternal and newborn deaths in their facilities.

Conclusion: The LDHF/m-mentoring intervention is more effective than TRAD approach in improving health workers’ skills acquisition and retention. Health care managers should have the option to select the LDHF/m-mentoring learning approach, depending on their country’s priorities or context, as it ensures health workers remain in their place of work during training events thus less disruption to service delivery.
Improving the milling machine competency learning outcomes through industrial project-based learning for vocational school students
Authors: Yudiono Heri , Sumbodo Wirawan , Salim Salim , Setiadi Rizki 
Published: November 2019

This research is motivated by the implementation of conventional learning. Besides, student learning motivation is still low due to student activities that are less centered on making workpieces that are suitable for work in the industry. Learning outcomes show that only 55.88% of students reach Minimum Completeness Criteria (Kriteria Ketuntasan minimum or KKM). The design and learning of productive machining competencies that are in accordance with the needs of the industry influence students' experience and learning outcomes. This study aims to analyze the results of industrial project-based learning (InPro-BL) milling machine competency learning outcomes in SMK Negeri 1 Semarang. The method used in this study is Class Action Research (CAR) through four stages: (1) planning, (2) implementation of actions, (3) observation and evaluation, (4) reflection. The samples were 34 students of class XII of Mechanical Engineering. The data were collected using product assessment instruments to measure dimensional accuracy, timeliness, level of disability, level of smoothness, and work attitude. This study was descriptive quantitative, and qualitative. The results of the study show that InPro-BL is effective in improving the learning outcomes of milling machine competencies. In Cycle I, there is an increase in learning outcomes, from 19 students who completed the KKM to 25 students or 73.52%. In Cycle II, there are 88.23% of students passed the KKM. These results can be improved by paying attention to the management of learning time through the block system, teacher's understanding of industrial-project-based learning, and industry guest teachers mentoring every learning process.
SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF BENZYDAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE, METHYLPARABEN AND PEPPERMINT OIL IN A SPRAY DOSAGE FORM BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
Authors: CHORNYI VASYL A. , GEORGIYANTS VICTORIYA A. , GUREEVA SVITLANA N. , CHORNA OLGA V. 
Published: November 2019

Objective: To develop and validate an analytical procedure for simultaneous determination of benzydamine hydrochloride, methylparaben and peppermint oil in a spray dosage form by gas chromatography method (GC).
Methods: The analytical method was conducted on Agilent 7890 gas chromatograph, equipped with HP-5 capillary column with helium as a mobile phase, split/splitless injector and flame ionization detector and an auto injector. Validation parameters, such as selectivity, linearity, precision, accuracy and, robustness were estimated.
Results: A method for simultaneous determination of benzydamine hydrochloride, methylparaben and peppermint oil in a spray dosage form by GC was developed. The retention time of menthol (marker substance of peppermint oil) methylparaben and benzydamine hydrochloride, was 5.0, 9.2, and 19.4 respectively. Relative standard deviation (RSD)% for precision was 0.24, 0.13 and 0.12 respectively. The linearity of the method for given analytes was estimated in a concentration range of 80-120% to a nominal concentration with the respective correlation coefficients of more than 0.999. Accuracy of the method was within 98-102% for all analytes.
Conclusion: The developed analytical procedure meets the acceptance criteria of validation parameters and can be used in quality control laboratories for determination of benzydamine hydrochloride, methylparaben and peppermint oil in a spray dosage form.
CHEMICAL PROFILE OF TWO JASMINUM SAMBAC L. (AIT) CULTIVARS CULTIVATED IN EGYPT–THEIR MEDIATED SILVER NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIS AND SELECTIVE CYTOTOXICITY
Authors: EL-HAWARY SEHAM S. , EL-HEFNAWY HALA M. , OSMAN SAMIR M. , MOSTAFA EMAN S. , MOKHTAR FATMA ALZAHRAA , EL-RAEY MOHAMED A. 
Published: November 2019

Objective: Evaluation of two Jasminum sambac L. (Ait) cultivars; Arabian Nights (JSA) and Grand Duke of Tuscany (JSG) ethanolic leaves extracts as reducing agents for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and evaluation of their cytotoxicity against MCF-7 breast cancer and 5637 bladder cancer cell lines and chemical profiling of the two cultivars.
Methods: The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by the two cultivars and characterization of AgNPs by ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Additionally, the use of The high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array-mass-mass-spectroscopy (HPLC-PDA-MS/MS) for chemical profiling of both cultivars and evaluation of total leaves extracts and corresponding nanoparticles towards MCF-7 and 5637 cell lines compared to aneuploidy immortal keratinocyte (Ha Cat) normal cells by neutral cell assay.
Results: The green synthesized AgNPs (of an average size range of 8.83 and 11.24 nm for JSA and JSG, respectively) exhibited cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and 5637 cell lines. The IC50 was determined for each total extract JSA (15.29±2.16 μg/ml) and JSG (20.28±1.20 μg/ml) and corresponding AgNPs 17.32±2.22 μg/ml and 6.32±1.01μg/ml for JSA and JSG, respectively. The IC50 of JSA and JSG against 5637 bladder cancer cell line were 13.76±1.11 μg/ml and 50.69±3.75 μg/ml, while the corresponding AgNPs showed IC50 of 5.54±0.88 μg/ml and 27.89±2.84 μg/ml, respectively. The HPLC-PDA-MS/MS allowed the identification of 59 compounds; 10 simple phenols, 17 flavonoids; quercetin and kaempferol glycosides, 2 lignans, and 30 secoiridoids; oleuropein, molihauside, and sambacoside.
Conclusion: This study proved that JSA is an excellent source for the synthesis of AgNPs with optimum characters and enhanced activities toward MCF-7 and 5637 cell lines in correlation to identified compounds.