bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical investigation of hydrodynamics and heat transfer for Bingham-pseudoplastic fluids in an industrial coiled stirred tank
Authors: Wang Jianqing , Song Jinxing , Yu Bencheng , Jiang Shuxian , Wang Jiajun , Feng Lian-Fang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to investigate the influence of complex rheological properties for Bingham-pseudoplastic fluids on hydrodynamics and heat transfer performance in an industrial polymerization coiled agitated reactor. The fluid rheology was described by the Herschel–Bulkley rheological model. The power consumption obtained by CFD simulation was in good agreement with the plant data. The relationship between the Metzner–Otto constant and power-law index for dual axial flow impellers was investigated. The hydrodynamics strongly depends on the rheological parameters and rotational speed. The flow domain is composed of two parts: the cavern around the impellers, and the stagnant zone adjacent to helical coils and tank wall which resulting in poor mixing and heat transfer performance. With the increase of rotational speed, the stagnant zone could be effectively eliminated, while the heat transfer performance could be significantly improved.
Effect of fermentation by various bacterial strains on quality of dried duck meat slice
Authors: Lu Yinyin , He Jun , Cao Jinxuan , Dang Yali , Sun Yangying , Pan Daodong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The effects of fermentation on the sensory qualities, lipid oxidation, harmful substances, and microbial growth of dried duck meat slice (DDMS) were investigated. The results showed that the optimal fermentation was controlled at 22.18 °C for 49.15 h with the mixed inoculation (7.09 log CFU/g) of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Pediococcus pentosaceus (2:1). Under the optimal fermentation conditions, the fermented DDMS presented higher scores of color (9.0 ± 0.16), aroma (8.8 ± 0.35), and total (8.9 ± 0.24) with lower hardness (5316 ± 98.80 g), compared to control (8.6 ± 0.21, 8.3 ± 0.26, 8.4 ± 0.08, and 7016 ± 114.17 g, respectively). Meanwhile, the histamine content decreased, and the nitrite content was reduced by nearly 60% in fermented DDMS. The lipid oxidation and microbial growth (Escherichia coli, mold, and yeast) in DDMS were also inhibited by fermentation. It provides useful data for improving the quality and safety of meat products.
Research on prediction model of thermal and moisture comfort of underwear based on principal component analysis and Genetic Algorithm–Back Propagation neural network
Authors: Cheng Pengpeng , Chen Daoling , Wang Jianping 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In order to improve the efficiency and accuracy of thermal and moisture comfort prediction of underwear, a new prediction model is designed by using principal component analysis method to reduce the dimension of related variables and eliminate the multi-collinearity relationship between variables, and then inputting the converted variables into genetic algorithm (GA) and BP neural network. In order to avoid the problems of slow convergence speed and easy falling into local minimum of Back Propagation (BP) neural network, this paper adopted GA to optimize the weights and thresholds of BP neural network, and utilized MATLAB software to program, and established the prediction models of BP neural network and GA–BP neural network. To verify the superiority of the model, the predicted result of GA–BP, PCA–BP and BP are compared with GA–BP neural network. The results show that PCA could improve the accuracy and adaptability of GA–BP neural network for thermal and moisture comfort prediction. PCA–GA–BP model is obviously superior to GA–BP, PCA–BP, BP, SVM and K-means prediction models, which could accurately predict thermal and moisture comfort of underwear. The model has better accuracy prediction and simpler structure.
Modeling of Separation in a Binary Mixture with Negative Soret Effect in a Cylindrical Thermogravitational Column
Authors: Kozlova Sofia V. , Ryzhkov Ilya I. , Bou-Ali M. Mounir 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A numerical simulation of convective instability of a binary fluid with negative Soret effect in a cylindrical thermogravitational column is performed. The general problem statement, including equations of motion and heat/mass transfer with boundary conditions, are written in cylindrical coordinates. This is implemented in order to take into account the impact of the column geometry on the separation process and stability of the convective flow. The calculations for two cylindrical columns are performed in Ansys Fluent 14.5. The used parameters and values of applied temperature differences between the walls correspond to the reported experimental data. The considered binary fluid is an ethanol–water mixture at a concentration ratio of 0.2204/0.7796. At such a composition the mixture exhibits a negative Soret effect (the lighter component, ethanol, is enriched in the cold region). The results of simulation show that the convective flow in the column with a smaller gap between the walls is unstable for all applied temperature differences, while it remains stable in the column with a larger gap.
Design of multiplexing circuit using electro-optic effect based optical waveguides
Authors: Sharma Bhawna , Srivastava Vivek Kumar , Pratap Aditya , Pal Amrindra , Sharma Sandeep 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The multiplexer is a combinational circuit that transfers multiple data inputs over a single output line. The input data are selected and transferred to the output line based on the selection line. In this work, 2 × 1 and 4 × 1 multiplexer is proposed. The proposed multiplexer has been worked out using the electro-optic principle. It is implemented using lithium niobate-based Mach–Zehnder interferometer (LN-MZI). LN-MZI is used as an optical switching device. The performance parameters extinction ratio, contrast ratio and insertion loss have been computed and found 31.31, 28.02 and 0.043 dB respectively.
Clinical evaluation of labor: an evidence- and experience-based approach
Authors: Cohen Wayne R. , Friedman Emanuel A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
During labor mother and fetus are evaluated at intervals to assess their well-being and determine how the labor is progressing. These assessments require skillful physical diagnosis and the ability to translate the acquired information into meaningful prognostic decision-making. We describe a coordinated approach to the assessment of labor. Graphing of serial measurements of cervical dilatation and fetal station creates “labor curves,” which provide diagnostic and prognostic information. Based on these curves we recognize nine discrete labor abnormalities. Many may be related to insufficient or disordered contractile mechanisms. Several factors are strongly associated with development of labor disorders, including cephalopelvic disproportion, excess analgesia, fetal malpositions, intrauterine infection, and maternal obesity. Clinical cephalopelvimetry involves assessing pelvic traits and predicting their effects on labor. These observations must be integrated with information derived from the labor curves. Exogenous oxytocin is widely used. It has a high therapeutic index, but is easily misused. Oxytocin treatment should be restricted to situations in which its potential benefits clearly outweigh its risks. This requires there be a documented labor dysfunction or a legitimate medical reason to shorten the labor. Normal labor and delivery pose little risk to a healthy fetus; but dysfunctional labors, especially if stimulated excessively by oxytocin or terminated by complex operative vaginal delivery, have the potential for considerable harm. Conscientiously implemented, the approach to the evaluation of labor outlined in this review will result in a reasonable cesarean rate and minimize risks that may accrue from the labor and delivery process.
Pre-operative tranexemic acid vs. etamsylate in reducing blood loss during elective cesarean section: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Torky Haitham , El-Desouky El-Sayed , Abo-Elmagd Ibrahim , Mohamed Attia , Abdalhamid Ahmad , El-shahat Ashraf , Ahmed Sileem Sileem , Tawfick Mahmoud M. , Abo-Louz Ashraf , Hussein Ahmed 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate whether etamsylate may be an alternative to tranexamic acid in reduction of blood loss during elective cesarean section.

Methods
Prospective double-blinded multi-center randomized controlled trial involving 180 qualified women equally divided into three groups each containing 60 women received either tranexamic acid, etamsylate or placebo 20 min before elective cesarean section and blood loss was estimated.

Results
Mean blood loss, cases needing blood transfusion and cases needing further interventions were significantly lower in tranexamic acid and etamsylate group than placebo group, while mean postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrite were significantly higher in both tranexamic acid and etamsylate as compared to placebo.

Conclusions
Etamsylate is an effective second-line therapy (after tranexamic acid) in reducing blood loss during elective cesarean section with low risk of side effects, therefore, it can be an effective alternative to tranexamic acid in cases with contraindications or anticipated to be at high-risk of developing side effects from tranexamic acid.
Linguae francae als Instrument symbolischer Macht in den Internationalen Brigaden
Authors: Orlova Iryna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The multilingual nature of the International Brigades in the Spanish Civil War raises the question of means of communication in different war contexts. This article focuses on the use of a lingua franca as a strategy of understanding between volunteers from more than 53 nations, as well between these and their military and political leaders. Drawing on the Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of linguistic capital, the language choice is understood as a representation of social power relations. So that, the analysis of language choice and language usage in a Civil War conflict brings new insights about the organization and functioning of the International Brigades, the centers of power and their change in the course of the war.
Propagation stability in optical fibers: role of path memory and angular momentum
Authors: Ma Zelin , Ramachandran Siddharth 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWith growing interest in the spatial dimension of light, multimode fibers, which support eigenmodes with unique spatial and polarization attributes, have experienced resurgent attention. Exploiting this spatial diversity often requires robust modes during propagation, which, in realistic fibers, experience perturbations such as bends and path redirections. By isolating the effects of different perturbations an optical fiber experiences, we study the fundamental characteristics that distinguish the propagation stability of different spatial modes. Fiber perturbations can be cast in terms of the angular momentum they impart on light. Hence, the angular momentum content of eigenmodes (including their polarization states) plays a crucial role in how different modes are affected by fiber perturbations. We show that, accounting for common fiber-deployment conditions, including the more subtle effect of light’s path memory arising from geometric Pancharatnam–Berry phases, circularly polarized orbital angular momentum modes are the most stable eigenbasis for light propagation in suitably designed fibers. Aided by this stability, we show a controllable, wavelength-agnostic means of tailoring light’s phase due to its geometric phase arising from path memory effects. We expect that these findings will help inform the optimal modal basis to use in the variety of applications that envisage using higher-order modes of optical fibers.
Temporal assessment of municipal solid waste management in Nigeria: prospects for circular economy adoption
Authors: Ezeudu Obiora B. , Agunwamba Jonah C. , Ugochukwu Uzochukwu C. , Ezeudu Tochukwu S. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This work reviewed the past and current status of municipal solid waste (MSW) management in Nigeria towards offering a direction for the future. The past status shows that poor policy regimes, inadequate financing mechanisms, absence of waste data, and abysmal institutional arrangement negatively impacted the MSW management outcomes in the country. At present, few improvements recorded like an increase in the number of landfills, and public-private partnerships have been largely undermined by the continuous upsurge in the urban population and lack of corresponding growth in critical capacities in terms of economic resources, technological advancement, and state-of-the-art urban infrastructures. The current waste generated in cities in Nigeria is calculated as 66,828 tonnes per day (TPD) at the total urban population of 106 million, while the projected value for 2040 will be 125,473 TPD at the urban population of 199 million. The current work further discusses prospects and implications for circular economy adoption in solid waste valorization in Nigeria.
Effect of Recycled Asphalt Pavement Binder on Rheology of Crumb Rubber–Modified Binder—An Experimental, Analytical, and Analogical Study
Authors: Singh Dharamveer , Showkat Burhan , Girimath Shashibhushan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The popularity of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) is on the rise because of the benefits of sustainability. In an unavoidable scenario wherein crumb rubber–modified binder (CRMB) is adopted as a base binder in RAP mixes, the binder from RAP will blend with CRMB, thereby influencing its rheology and performance at high, intermediate, and low temperature. Hence, in this study, binder extracted from two RAP sources (RAP X and RAP Y) was blended with CRMB at varying proportions of 15, 25, and 40 % by weight. Isochronal temperature sweeps, isothermal frequency sweeps, and bending beam rheometer tests were conducted on the prepared blends. Thereafter, analytical and analogical studies were performed using master curve construction, 2S2P1D, and Huet modelling. The results indicated that RAP from different sources affects the high-, intermediate-, and low-temperature performance of CRMB. Different RAPs were observed to have contrasting effects on high-temperature performance grading. Intermediate-temperature performance based on cross-over temperature (TCROSS-OVER) indicated a compromise because of the inclusion of RAPs. An evaluation of the differences among critical temperatures at low temperature (ΔTc) indicated the degradation of low-temperature performance. Such changes in high-, intermediate-, and low-temperature performances were validated by complex modulus (G*), stiffness (S(t)), and stress relaxation (E(t)) master curves. Finally, the 2S2P1D and Huet model were observed to depict reasonably good fits for the prepared blends. This study concludes that RAPs from different sources have contrasting impact on CRMB and may adversely impact the intermediate- and low-temperature performance.
STIMULANT MEDICATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH ENHANCING, RATHER THAN UNDERMINING, PERCEPTIONS OF THE TRUE ACADEMIC SELF
Authors: Pillow David R. , Crabtree Meghan A. , Hale Willie J. , Kordab Sally , Hoza Betsy 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Stimulant medication is effective in treating Attention Deficit Hyper-activity Disorder, and by removing barriers to success, may enhance perceptions of authenticity (i.e., feeling like one's true, core, autonomous self) among those receiving medication. In contrast, it is also possible that stimulant medications undermine perceptions of authenticity.Methods: To examine these two possibilities, 64 undergraduate students with a history of ADHD and medication usage wrote a narrative about a time when they felt either: least authentic while taking medication, most authentic while taking medication, least authentic while unmedicated, or most authentic while unmedicated. Participants then completed retrospective assessments concerning that experience.Results: Supporting the medication enhancement possibility, participants reported greater need satisfaction and more positive mood states when recalling states in which they were most like their true selves on medication than when off—especially when reporting on their academic selves. No differences were found on a state measure of prescriptive authenticity.Discussion: Results are discussed with respect to linkages to the literature on attributions and stimulant medications. Limitations and future research design possibilities are discussed as more research is needed regarding managing stimulant medication and authentic identities.
LIPE-related lipodystrophic syndrome: clinical features and disease modeling using adipose stem cells
Authors: Sollier Camille , Capel Emilie , Aguilhon Caroline , Smirnov Vasily , Auclair Martine , Douillard Claire , Ladsous Miriam , Defoort-Dhellemmes Sabine , Gorwood Jennifer , Braud Laura , Motterlini Roberto , Vatier Camille , Lascols Olivier , Renard Eric , Vigouroux Corinne , Jéru Isabelle 
Published: October 2020

Objective
The term Multiple Symmetric Lipomatosis (MSL) describes a heterogeneous group of rare monogenic disorders and multifactorial conditions, characterized by upper-body adipose masses. Biallelic variants in LIPE encoding hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), a key lipolytic enzyme, were implicated in three families worldwide. We aimed to further delineate LIPE-related clinical features and pathophysiological determinants.

Methods
A gene panel was used to identify pathogenic variants. The disease features were reviewed at the French lipodystrophy reference center. The immunohistological, ultrastructural, and protein expression characteristics of lipomatous tissue were determined in surgical samples from one patient. The functional impact of variants was investigated by developing a model of adipose stem cells (ASCs) isolated from lipomatous tissue.

Results
We identified new biallelic LIPE null variants in three unrelated patients referred for MSL and/or partial lipodystrophy. The hallmarks of the disease, appearing in adulthood, included lower-limb lipoatrophy, upper-body and abdominal pseudo-lipomatous masses, diabetes and/or insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia, liver steatosis, high blood pressure, and neuromuscular manifestations. Ophthalmological investigations revealed numerous auto-fluorescent drusen-like retinal deposits in all patients. Lipomatous tissue and patient ASCs showed loss of HSL and decreased expression of adipogenic and mature adipocyte markers. LIPE-mutated ASCs displayed impaired adipocyte differentiation, decreased insulin response, defective lipolysis, and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Conslusions
Biallelic LIPE null variants result in a multisystemic disease requiring multidisciplinary care. Loss of HSL expression impairs adipocyte differentiation, consistent with the lipodystrophy/MSL phenotype and associated metabolic complications. Detailed ophthalmological examination could reveal retinal damage, further pointing to the nervous tissue as an important disease target.
Theoretical and Methodological Substantiation of Transient Electromagnetic Sounding from the Arctic Drift Ice
Authors: Mogilatov V.S. , Osipova P.S. , Zlobinsky A.V. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
—Marine geoelectromagnetic sounding with artificial sources is strongly hindered by the influence of a conductive seawater layer. There is only one known wide successful application of electrical prospecting in this field – Controlled Source Electromagnetic Method (CSEM). However, this method has unfortunate limitations: the need to submerge an electromagnetic probe to the bottom of a deep (more than 1000 m) sea and the great rafting (~15 km). The method is not applicable in an ice-covered sea. Deep sounding from the sea surface and, hence, from the ice surface is possible if the TM polarization field is used. This field is generated by a vertical electric line (VEL) or a circular electric dipole (CED). The former has drawbacks even when it is used at sea. At the same time, a CED is efficient in one-dimensional and three-dimensional media in frequency and time modes. We have developed a three-dimensional mathematical tool for the CED field in the Born approximation, which is quite adequate in a conductive section with deep local inhomogeneities. The research is carried out within the framework of a geophysical project using the Arctic drift ices.
Correlation of Andesite Complexes in the Southern Framing of the Eastern Part of the Mongol–Okhotsk Orogenic Belt according to Geochronological, Geochemical, and Isotope-Geochemical Data
Authors: Derbeko I.M. , Ponomarchuk V.A. , Chugaev A.V. , Travin A.V. , Ponomarchuk A.V. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
—The evolution of the eastern part of the Mongol–Okhotsk Orogenic Belt marks the late Mesozoic accretion–collision processes involving the Siberian and Sino–Korean plates. Tectonic restructuring in the region was accompanied by the formation of igneous complexes, which replaced each other almost without a temporal break. Andesitic magmatism was widely manifested in the southern framing of the eastern part of the belt. Its study is complicated by the isolation of volcanic fields and their confinement to the Amur–Zeya depression. Study of the geochemical and geochronological characteristics of igneous complexes there made it possible to recognize and systematize the temporal stages and substantiate the geodynamic formation of these rocks. However, there are controversial geologic objects, such as the Isikan volcanic field. We present the first data on the isotopic age and chemical and isotope-chemical compositions of the rocks of this field. 40Ar/39Ar dating showed that the integrated age of the dacitic matrix is 113.0 ± 2.6 Ma and the plateau age is 121.0 ± 1.6 Ma. In chemical composition the studied volcanics are similar to rocks of the Poyarkov volcanic complex developed within the Bureya– Jiamusi superterrane, which formed under subduction in the period 120–105 Ma. In geochemical and isotope-geochemical characteristics the volcanics are similar to rocks of igneous belts of Andean-type active continental margins.
Banach algebras satisfying certain chain conditions on closed ideals
Authors: Alahmari Abdullah , Aldosray Falih A. , Mabrouk Mohamed 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLet 𝔄 be a unital Banach algebra and ℜ its Jacobson radical. This paper investigates Banach algebras satisfying some chain conditions on closed ideals. In particular, it is shown that a Banach algebra 𝔄 satisfies the descending chain condition on closed left ideals then 𝔄/ℜ is finite dimensional. We also prove that a C*-algebra satisfies the ascending chain condition on left annihilators if and only if it is finite dimensional. Moreover, other auxiliary results are established.
China's economy: From past to future
Authors: Tanzi Vito 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhy did China grow so fast in the past four decades? What were the main factors? Important ones were: attitude of government; opening to the world; role of culture; exploitation of technological gap; role of foreign trained students; and role of government in the creation of modern infrastructure. These factors are likely to play a much smaller role in the future while several negative factors –populism, trade wars, environmental obstacles, aging of the population, authoritarianism and others are likely to lead to significantly lower growth rates.