Abstract C033: Dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs) and breast cancer by race in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO)
Authors: Omofuma Omonefe O , Turner David P , Peterson Lindsay L , Merchant Anwar T , Zhang Jiajia , Steck Susan E 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
INTRODUCTION Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases and cancer. AGEs are produced endogenously but can also be consumed in foods. High amounts of AGEs are found in animal products and processed foods, and AGE formation is accelerated during cooking at high temperatures. Existing disparities in dietary practices could result from limited access to healthy foods among many other factors, further contributing to racial health disparities. The objective of the study was to investigate the association between dAGE intake and breast cancer risk among different racial/ethnic groups of women using the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO). METHODS The PLCO enrolled women aged 55 to 74 years into a randomized controlled trial examining various cancer screening modalities. In this prospective analysis, the study sample included only women enrolled in the intervention arm who were cancer-free at baseline and completed a baseline questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire (DQX) [non-Hispanic White (NHW): 25,096; non-Hispanic Black (NHB): 1,179 and Other race/ethnicity: 1,300]. dAGE values were assigned and quantified to foods in the DQX using a published AGE database. Descriptive analysis was used to obtain means and percentages while Cox proportional hazards model estimated the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CIs of breast cancer by tertiles of dAGE intake with adjustment for multiple potential confounders. RESULTS After a median 11.5 years of follow-up, 1,599 women were diagnosed with breast cancer, including 1,472 NHW, 51 NHB, and 76 Other race/ethnicity. The average dAGE consumption among all the women was 6,106 KU/1000kcal per day (SD: 2691 KU/1000kcal per day) and was highest among NHB (6765 ± 3353 KU/1000kcal per day) compared to NHW (6101 ± 2648 KU/1000kcal per day) and Other race/ethnicity (5604 ± 2723 KU/1000kcal per day). There was an increased risk of breast cancer across the tertiles of dAGE intake (HRT2 VS T1:1.14, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.31 and HRT3 VS T1:1.20, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.42). In stratified analyses, increased risk of breast cancer was observed in all races but was significant only in NHW women (HRT2 VS T1: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.32 and HRT3 VS T1: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.45). For NHB the association for the highest tertile compared to the lowest tertile was HRT3 VS T1: 1.20, 95% CI: 0.48, 3.01, and for Other race/ethnicity the association was HRT3 VS T1: 1.70, 95% CI: 0.78, 3.73. CONCLUSION Among all women in the study, high intake of dAGE increased the risk of breast cancer. Overall the association appeared to be more prominent among NHW women, though small sample sizes resulted in imprecise estimates for other racial/ethnic groups.
Citation Format: Omonefe O Omofuma, David P Turner, Lindsay L Peterson, Anwar T Merchant, Jiajia Zhang, Susan E Steck. Dietary advanced glycation end products (dAGEs) and breast cancer by race in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Twelfth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2019 Sep 20-23; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl_2):Abstract nr C033.