bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conserved gene reactivity revealed in cnidarian innate immunity during zoonotic infection
Authors: Seneca Francois , Davtian David , Boyer Laurent , Czerucka Dorota 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Cnidarians - the most primitive tissue-forming animals - can get infected with pathogens, defend themselves and heal. Recent sequencing projects on cnidarians have unveiled a rich innate immunity gene repertoire but little is known about their involvement in the host’s response against live pathogens over time. Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vp) is a zoonotic threat originating from the ocean, which causes pandemics, and economic struggle to society. Here, we advance our understanding of the innate immunity from the transcriptome-wide response of a basal marine metazoan to infection with Vp. The dynamic of the response was assessed in a time series experiment following the gene activity of the anemone Aiptasia pallida strain CC7 infected or not with the Vp clinical strain O3:K6 and compared to the gene expression profile under LPS treatment. ResultsRNA-sequencing, gene expression and functional analyses detected hundreds of genes responsive to the Vp infection after 1, 3, 6 and 12 hours, including very few shared with the response to LPS. Members of the NOD-like receptor, C-type lectin receptor, and RIG-I-like receptor PRR families were responsive to the infection, but none from the canonical TLR family. A TLR-like pathway represented by MyD88, TRAF6, NF-κB and AP-1 was actively regulated in response to the infection but not by LPS, suggesting an alternative PAMP-PRR trigger to this pathway. Other activated pathways involving TNFRs likely lead to apoptosis which was enzymatically confirmed. Recently proposed novel innate immune genes in actinarians including CniFLs and NGs showed positive expression to infection.Conclusions Several innovations consisting of: possible neofunctionalization, conservation of signaling pathways over conservation of particular key genes, and involvement of lineage-specific immunity genes, denote the innate immune response to live pathogen in Aiptasia. Transduction of immune signals through a TLR-like pathway is supported. Two TNFR pathways could possibly lead to an inflammatory response and apoptosis, which we suggest takes place to fend off bacterial infection in Aiptasia. These results reveal the anemone’s innate immunity genes responsive to bacterial infection as well as potential novel candidates for future evolutionary as well as functional studies.
Opportunities and Risks of Terminological Ambiguity: The Perception of Value in Value-Based Healthcare – A Multi-Method Study
Authors: Wolf Axel , Bååthe Fredrik , Nilsson Kerstin , Andersson Erichsen , Wikström Ewa , Erlandsson Fredrik 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundValue-based healthcare (VBHC) argues healthcare needs to be refocused to maximize value creation, defining value as the value quota (VQ) of outcomes important for the patient divided by the cost of the care. Value is central to the VBHC concept but could be an ambiguous term for professionals wanting to adopt the concept in an implementation process. We set out to explore the perception of value amongst different stakeholders who implement VBHC.Methods The perception of value, cost and VBHC was analysed using content analysis of semi-structured interviews from 19 clinicians and non-clinicians involved in implementation of VBHC. In addition, we exemplified the value quota (VQ) with data from a clinical trial to exemplify the possible association between patient reported outcome measurements (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire and the EQ5D ), their perception of care (n=248) and cost. ResultsClinicians described value as a dynamic concept dependent on the patient and the clinical setting, stating that improving outcomes was more important than containing costs. Value for non-clinicians appeared more driven by the interplay between the outcome and cost or resources. The quantitative data suggested a poor association between patients’ perception of value and VQ. ConclusionsOur findings indicate that there is great variation in how different stakeholders (clinicians, non-clinicians) perceive the key concept of value when implementing VBHC. The most dominant influence was the voice of clinicians, focusing on increasing treatment efficacy and improving medical outcomes but having a limited focus on cost and what matters to patients. Moreover, patients’ own perception of value provided during a care period was poorly connected to the calculated value quota. If the concept of value is defined primarly by clinicians’ own assumptions, there is a clear risk that history will simply be repeated and the need for innovation will not be met. A single-minded focus on value” could therefore result in missing the target. The patients’ and non-clinicians’ perception of value must also be integrated with the clinical perception, if VBHC is going to deliver on the promise to increase healthcare efficiency and effectiveness.
Clinical Significance of coexisting histological diffuse type in stage II/III gastric cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: Tanaka Hiroaki , Yoshii Mami , Miki Yuichiro , Tamura Tatsuro , Toyokawa Takahiro , Shibutani Masatsune , Nagahara Hisashi , Yashiro Masakazu , Muguruma Kazuya , Hirakawa Kosei , Ohira Masaichi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Since 1965, the Laurén classification has been used most commonly for gastric adenocarcinoma, with two types, intestinal type and diffuse type. Signet ring cell carcinoma (Sig) and non-solid poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (Por2) are the histological forms of diffuse type and are often found in advanced tumors, and they seem to be associated with a poor prognosis. S-1 based adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with stage II/III gastric cancer has generally been accepted in Japan, but histological type does not alter treatment strategy. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic impact of the histopathologic mixture of Sig and Por2 in patients with stage II/III gastric cancer treated with S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy.Methods: The clinicopathological data of 968 gastric carcinoma patients who underwent gastrectomy between 2007 and 2016 at our department were retrospectively analyzed. In this study, tumors containing Sig or Por2 were classified as Diffuse type, and those not containing them were classified as Intestinal type.Results: There were 307 cases of Diffuse type and 661 of Intestinal type. Diffuse type included 189 cases with Sig. Pathological diagnosis of Sig was an independent risk factor for peritoneal recurrence in patients with stage II/III. Patients with Diffuse type had worse overall survival than those with Intestinal type in Stage III. Of the patients who received S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy, the prognosis of Stage III patients with Sig but not Por2 was Significantly worse compared to patients with Intestinal type.Conclusions: The coexistence of Signet ring cell carcinoma in the primary tumor was associated with a poor prognosis in patients with stage III gastric cancer. These findings suggest that, because mixed Sig gastric cancer had a high risk of peritoneal recurrence even if adjuvant chemotherapy were performed, the pathological diagnosis should be considered when determining the therapeutic strategy for adjuvant chemotherapy in stage III gastric cancer.
Single-cell sequencing reveals the intermediate cell state and function of dermal papilla cells in the hair follicle cycle of cashmere goats
Authors: Yang Feng , Liu Zhihong , Che Tianyu , Guo Juntao , Xie Yuchun , Li Hegang , Wang Zhixin , Zhao Jinshan , li jinquan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background:

Human hair loss and regeneration has stimulated interest in the natural hair cycle worldwide; however, such research is difficult because the periodicity of human or mouse hair is not visually obvious. Dermal papilla cells (DP cells) play an important role in the development of hair follicles, but knowledge of the differentiation and mechanisms of DP stem cells during transition through the hair follicle cycle are still limited, although some studies have reported that DP cells may have an intermediate cell state during differentiation, the classification and function of specific cell states are not clear.
Results:

Here, we used cashmere goats, that have obvious periodicity of hair follicles, as model animals and, based on unbiased single cell RNA sequencing, we identified and isolated DP cell data. Pseudotime ordering analysis was used to successfully construct a DP cell lineage differentiation trajectory and revealed the sequential activation of key genes, signaling pathways, and functions involved in cell fate decisions. At the same time, we analyzed the mechanisms of different cell fates and revealed the function of four different intermediate cells: Intermediate cells 10 showed important functions in the growth of cashmere and maintenance of cashmere attachment to the skin; intermediate cells 1 revealed important functions in the process of apoptosis and cashmere shedding of secondary hair follicles; intermediate cells 0 initiated new follicular cycles and completed the migration of hair follicles and the occurrence of cashmere; and intermediate cells 15 are suggested to be DP progenitor cells.
Conclusions:

In development and apoptosis, inner bulge cells not only earlier than outer bulge cells, but occurred faster and was more thorough,this helps a deeper understanding of the role of bulge cells. Pseudogenes play another important role in function which promoted the competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) hybridization of pseudogenes.In different hair follicle cycles, DP cells will differentiate into different intermediate state cells and perform different functions, and the marker genes of the cells also changed. Intermediate cells 10 showed important functions in the growth of cashmere and maintenance of cashmere attachment to the skin; intermediate cells 1 revealed important functions in the process of apoptosis and cashmere shedding of secondary hair follicles; intermediate cells 0 initiated new follicular cycles and completed the migration of hair follicles and the occurrence of cashmere; and intermediate cells 15 are DP progenitor cells, this conclusion provides an unprecedented deeper understanding of the function of DP cells.
The Pathological Features of Hip Abductor Tendon Tears – A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Zhu Mark , Smith Brittany , Krishna Sanjeev , Musson David S. , Riordan Peter R. , McGlashan Sue R. , Cornish Jillian , Munro Jacob T. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe hip abductors are crucial in maintaining pelvic stability. Tears in these tendons are common and often debilitating. There is uncertainty regarding both the histological and macroscopic features of hip abductor tears. This study aims to clarify both the macroscopic and microscopic features of the tendon and enthesis in hip abductor tendon tears.MethodsThirty-six cadavers with an average age of 81 were dissected, and the hip abductor mechanisms removed en-bloc. The presence, location and size of the tears were recorded and analysed. The samples were processed into histological blocks and viewed using both transmitted and polarised light. Tendon histology was graded using the modified Movin’s score in three sections (deep, middle and superficial layers) and the enthesis graded separately using 5-point criteria. Analysis of variance was used to confirm histological features associated with tears.ResultsTears were found in 24 of 36 samples (67%). The most common finding was an isolated tear in the gluteus minimus (46%), followed by concurrent gluteus medius and gluteus minimus tears (33%). Histology revealed significantly more degeneration in both the tendon (p = 0.0005) and enthesis (p = 0.0011) when tears were present. Furthermore, these changes were concentrated in the deeper layers of the tendon (p = 0.0002) and enthesis (p = 0.003).ConclusionThis study demonstrated degeneration as the primary pathology underlying hip abductor tendon tears. Degenerative changes occur in both the tendon and enthesis, with the deeper layers predominantly affected. These findings are important for guiding surgical repair techniques and to aid the development of novel materials and biologics.
Effect of Biomechanical Properties on Myopia: a Study of New Corneal Biomechanical Parameters
Authors: Han Fang , Li Mengdi , Wei Pinghui , Ma Jiaonan , Jhanji Vishal , Wang Yan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate corneal stress-strain index (SSI), a marker for material stiffness and corneal biomechanical parameters in myopic eyes.Methods: A total of 1056 myopic patients were included in this study. Corvis ST was used to measure SSI. Corneal biomechanics was evaluated using the first and second applanation time (A1-time and A2-time), maximum deflection amplitude (DefAmax), deflection area(HCDefArea)and peak distance at highest concavity (HC-time, HC-DefA, and HC-PD), integrated radius (IR) whole eye movement (WEM), stiffness parameter (SP), biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure (BIOP), and Corvis Biomechanical Index (CBI). Scheimpflug tomography was used to obtain mean keratometery (Km) and central corneal thickness (CCT). All participants were divided into two groups according spherical equivalent (SE) (low myopia: SE≤3.00D and high myopia: SE ≥ 6.00D).Results: The mean SSI value was 0.854±0.004. The SSI has positive correlation with A1-time((r=0.272), HC-time (r=0.218), WEM(r=0.288),SP(r=0.316)，CBI(r=0.199)，CCT (r=0.125), BIOP(r=0.230)and SE (r=0.313)(all p values＜0.01) . The SSI had a negative correlation with HCDefA (r=-0.721), HCDefArea (r=-0.665),HC-PD(r=-0.597),IR (r=-0.555), DefAmax (r=-0.564)and Km (r=-0.103) (all p values＜0.01).There were significant differences in SSI (t=8.960, p＜0.01) and IR(t=-3.509, p＜0.01)between low myopia group and high myopia group.Conclusions: In different grades of myopia, the SSI values were lower in eyes with higher spherical equivalent. It indicates that the mechanical strength of the cornea may compromise in high myopia. The SSI was positively correlated with the spherical equivalent and It may provide a new way to study the mechanism of myopia.
Chorionic villus-derived mesenchymal stem cell-mediated autophagy promotes proliferation and invasiveness of trophoblasts under hypoxia by activating the JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway
Authors: Chu Yijing , Yue Chongyu , Peng Wei , Chen Weiping , Zhang Yan , He Guifang , Liu Changchang , Zhang Ning , Li Jing , Liu Ling , Gao Guoqiang , Yao Ke , Li Yan , Hu Xiaoyu , Wang Xiaofei , Han Rendong , Huang Yuxiang , Ye Yuanhua 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives Trophoblast dysfunction during pregnancy is fundamentally involved in preeclampsia. The aim of this study was to understand how human chorionic villous mesenchymal stem cells (CV-MSCs) operate in regulation of trophoblast function.Materials and Methods We treated trophoblasts with CV-MSC supernatant under hypoxic conditions, and transcriptome and pathway analyses of trophoblasts were performed. Western blotting and PCR analysis were used to examine the JAK2, STAT3 and autophagy associated protein expression levels in trophoblasts.Results The CV-MSC supernatant treatment markedly enhanced proliferation, invasion and autophagy. The RNA-seq revealed JAK2/STAT3 signalling as an upstream regulator, and STAT3 mRNA and protein levels increased during CV-MSC treatment. Inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signalling reduced autophagy, survival and invasion of trophoblasts even in the presence of CV-MSCs, and blocking autophagy did not affect STAT3 activation in trophoblasts treated with CV-MSCs. Importantly, overexpression of STAT3 increased the levels of autophagy in trophoblasts; thus, it regulated positively autophagy in hypoxic trophoblasts. Human placental explants also proved our finding, in which STAT3 was activated and LC3B-II levels were increased by CV-MSC treatment.Conclusions Our data suggest that CV-MSC-dependent activation of JAK2/STAT3 signalling is a prerequisite for upregulation of autophagy in trophoblasts.
COVID-19: epidemiology and preventive measures in Jiangsu province, China
Authors: Chen Yi , Liu JiaShu , Yang ChangRui , Ai Zi-sheng , Zhang AiHong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate the epidemiological features of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) and the prevention measures in Jiangsu Province.

Methods: Information of all novel coronavirus pneumonia conﬁrmed cases in Jiangsu was collected from the oﬃcial website of Jiangsu Commission of Health. All data were entered into Excel and Python3 for statistical analysis. Epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia conﬁrmed cases from January 10, 2020 to March 18 in Jiangsu province were retrospectively analyzed. Meanwhile, the preventive measures of Jiangsu Commission of Health and the people’s Government of Jiangsu Province were also analyzed.

Results: 631 COVID-19 cases were diagnosed in Jiangsu Province, covering 13 cities in Jiangsu. Before February 1, the conﬁrmed cases were mainly imported cases, and after February 1, community transmission cases became main part of conﬁrmed cases. There were more male patients than females, and most patients were in the group of 30-70 years old, 49 patients (7.8%) with mild symptom and 572 patients (90.6%) with common type accounted for the majority. The cumulative mortality rate was 0% and the cure rate was 100%. Reasonable treatments, timely and eﬀective preventive measures were taken to eﬀectively improve cure rate and to prevent the spread of the epidemic, all measures ensure the health and life safety of the people.

Conclusion: The preventive measures in Jiangsu Province were timely and eﬀective, the epidemic situation in Jiangsu Province had been well controlled.
Use of endometriosis fertility index to predict non-ART pregnancy and live birth after endometriosis surgery based on optimal stratification
Authors: Fan Jiaying , Qin Kang , Li Kuanrong , Li Xiaojun , Morse Abraham N , Xie Jingying , Liang Huiying , Yang Yan , Liao Yunsheng , Liu huishu , Li Qingfeng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Backround: The EFI, which was previously developed and validated externally, has shown predictive accuracy of non-ART pregnancy following surgery in infertile women with endometriosis. But up to now it was less accurate among the patients with lower scores based on the classification of the original literature. In addition, so far the only study has reported a strong association between the EFI and the live birth. However, the analysis of that study was done in women undergoing surgery rather than in those who had conceived post-operatively. Methods: 501 infertile women undergoing laparoscopic treatment of endometriosis were recruited and followed up for post-operative pregnancy outcomes. The associations of EFI with non-ART pregnancy and with live birth were investigated with survival analysis and the Cochrane-Armitage test. The optimal cut-offs for EFI were determined using the Maximally Selected Rank Statistics (Maxstat). Result(s): The follow-up rate was 92.4% with a mean duration of 38.5 months (range: 14.4-67.4 months). A total of 270 women (58.3%) conceived without ART, 187 (69.3%) had a live birth. A statistically significant association of EFI with non-ART pregnancy rate was observed (hazard ratio: 1.29, 95% confidence interval: 1.19-1.36; 95% confidence interval: 0.57-0.65). The Maxstat method suggested optimal EFI strata of 4, 6 and 8. The cumulative non-ART pregnancy rates 3 years after surgery were 15.0%, 47.1%, 67.6% and 73.6% for EFI scores of 0-4, 5-6, 7-8 and 9-10, respectively (Log-rank p < 0.001). No statistical differences were seen in the live birth rates and the time to pregnancy in the four EFI groups. Conclusion: The EFI is predictive of post-operative non-ART pregnancy but not live birth among non-ART pregnancies. ART might be advisable to women with an EFI score <4 immediately after surgery and to women who have not achieved non-ART pregnancy after 12 months despite a high EFI.
Desirable features in a decision aid for prenatal screening – what do pregnant women and their partners think? A mixed methods pilot study
Authors: Agbadje Titilayo Tatiana , Rahimi Samira Abbasgholizadeh , Côté Mélissa , Tremblay Andrée-Anne , Diallo Mariama Penda , Elidor Hélène , Herron Alex Poulin , Djade Codjo Djignefa , Legare France 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

To help pregnant women and their partners make informed value-congruent decisions about Down syndrome prenatal screening, our team developed two successive versions of a decision aid (DAv2017 and DAv2014). We aimed to assess pregnant women and their partners’ perceptions of the usefulness of the two DAs for preparing for decision making, their relative acceptability and their most desirable features.
Methods

This is a mixed methods pilot study. We recruited participants of study (women and their partners) when consulting for prenatal care in three clinical sites in Quebec City. To be eligible, women had to: (a) be at least 18 years old; (b) be more than 16 weeks pregnant; or having given birth in the previous year and (c) be able to speak and write in French or English. Both women and partners were invited to give their informed consent. We collected quantitative data on the usefulness of the DAs for preparing for decision making and their relative acceptability. We developed an interview grid based on the Technology Acceptance Model and Acceptability questionnaire to explore their perceptions of the most desirable features. We performed descriptive statistics and deductive analysis.
Results

Overall, 23 couples and 16 individual women participated in the study. The majority of participants were between 25 and 34 years old (79% of women and 59% of partners) and highly educated (66.7% of women and 54% of partners had a university-level education). DAv2017 scored higher for usefulness for preparing for decision making (86.2 ± 13 out of 100 for DAv2017 and 77.7 ± 14 for DAv2014). For most dimensions, DAv2017 was more acceptable than DAv2014 (e.g. the amount of information was found “just right” by 80% of participants for DAv2017 against 56% for DAv2014). However, participants preferred the presentation and the values clarification exercise of DAv2014. In their opinion, neither DA presented information in a completely balanced manner. They suggested adding more information about raising Down syndrome children, replacing frequencies with percentages, different values clarification methods, and a section for the partner.
Conclusions

A new user-centered version of the prenatal screening DA will integrate participants’ suggestions to reflect end users’ priorities.