bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasmonic Metasurfaces Enabled Ultra‐Compact Broadband Waveguide TM‐Pass Polarizer
Authors: Hao Weiming , Wang Jian , Chen Lin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSilicon waveguide polarizers offer a simple yet robust approach to address the polarization‐dependent issue of silicon‐based optical components, and hence have found numerous applications in silicon photonics. However, the available silicon waveguide polarizers suffer from the issue of large device footprint, high insertion loss (IL), and/or fabrication complexities. Here, a silicon waveguide transverse magnetic (TM)‐pass polarizer is constructed by coating a silicon waveguide with an ultra‐thin plasmonic metasurface structure that is capable of guiding slow surface wave (SW) mode. The transverse electric (TE) waveguide mode can be converted into SW mode with the involvement of metasurfaces, and hence is intrinsically absorbed and forbidden to pass, while the TM waveguide mode can be well guided due to little influence. A typical metasurface polarizer with an ultra‐short length of 2.4 µm enables the IL of 28.16 dB for the TE mode, and that of 0.53 dB for the TM mode at 1550 nm. Multiple‐band TM‐pass polarizers can be obtained by cascading two or more different metasurface‐coated silicon waveguides along the propagation direction, and a dual‐band TM‐pass polarizer is demonstrated with the IL being of 19.21 and 29.09 dB for the TE mode at 1310 and 1550 nm, respectively.
Dual‐responsive shape memory hydrogels with self‐healing and dual‐responsive swelling behaviors
Authors: Yang Qianyu , Gao Chen , Zhang Xuemei , Zhao Xingyu , Fu Yiqing , Tsou Chihui , Zeng Chunyan , Yuan Li , Pu Zejun , Xia Yiqing , Sheng Yuping , Fang Yu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractShape memory hydrogels (SMHs) can fix the hydrogels in a provisional shape and restore the initial shape under external stimulation. Herein, a dual‐responsive shape memory hydrogel with dual‐responsive swelling and self‐healing properties is presented in this work. The SMHs were fabricated by one‐step emulsion copolymerization of acrylic acid (AAc), acrylamide (AAm) and stearyl methacrylate (SMA). Sodium alginate (SA) was introduced as an interpenetrating polymer in the network. With ionic cross‐linking between ‐COO− and Fe3+ or saline‐reinforced hydrophobic association, the hydrogels can be fixed in a provisional shape, which can be restored by immersing the hydrogels in vitamin C solution or pure water, respectively. When the as‐prepared hydrogels were immersed in FeCl3 solutions, additional ionic cross‐linking between Fe3+ and ‐COO− could be formed, thus constructing the dual physically cross‐linked (DPC) network, which endows the hydrogels with excellent fracture stress (2.6 MPa) and toughness (5.47 MJ/m3). Besides, the reversible physical cross‐linkings endowed the hydrogel with outstanding self‐healing capability. Furthermore, the pH and saline responsive swelling properties of the SMHs are additional fantastic properties. Therefore, we believe that this simple strategy provides a great opportunity for the preparation of SMHs with multiple intellectual performances.
Sodium citrate‐assisted synthesis of nano‐manganese oxide on carbon fiber for enhancing the mechanical and frictional performances of carbon fiber‐reinforced resin matrix composites
Authors: Zheng Xinhui , Fei Jie , Li Meng , Huang Jianfeng , Wang Na 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAiming to enhance the carbon fiber (CF)/resin interfacial adhesion, this report describes the novel application of sodium citrate (SC) as an auxiliary reducing agent and surface regulator to control the morphology of nano‐manganese dioxide (MnO2) on the CF surface. The composites were fabricated by means of controlling the molar concentration ratio of SC to Mn source (0:1, 1:3, 1:2, and 1:1) in hydrothermal synthesis. The results reveal that MnO2 nanosheets on the CF surface become denser as the concentration of SC is 1/3 of Mn source, which makes advance to the surface roughness and surface energy of CF. Simultaneously, the tensile strength of as‐prepared composite is increased by 52.8%. The homologous friction coefficient tends to be high and stable and the wear volume is significantly reduced by 63.8 and 26.5% under the applied loads of 3 and 5 N in contrast with the original composites prepared without SC. As a result, it can be inferred that SC plays a crucial role in enhancing the interfacial bonding strength between the CF and matrix, providing insights into the interface control of CF‐reinforced resin matrix composites.
PdAg Nanoparticles with Different Sizes: Facile One‐Step Synthesis and High Electrocatalytic Activity for Formic Acid Oxidation
Authors: Yang Lei , Wang Yawen , Feng Hetian , Zeng Huajie , Tan Changhui , Yao Junjie , Zhang Junchang , Jiang Lin , Sun Yinghui 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecently, direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) which possess superior advantages such as a low operating temperature, light environmental pollution and high energy density, have been considered as one of the power generation technologies with a bright prospect. Herein, bimetallic PdAg nanoparticles (NPs) with different particle sizes were successfully produced via an easy one‐pot solvothermal co‐reduction synthetic route and their electrocatalytic performance for formic acid oxidation (FAO) were further investigated. In our strategy, the size of PdAg NPs can be easily controlled by only varying the concentration of precursors. The larger sized PdAg alloy (9.5 nm, noted as PdAg−L) was obtained at a low concentration of precursors, while the smaller PdAg alloy (3.7 nm, named as PdAg−S) was separated from the reaction system with higher solubility by centrifugation. The electrocatalytic activity and stability of the obtained PdAg NPs could be well optimized when incorporated with carbon (C), which is owing to a synergetic effect. The PdAg−S/C exhibits the highest mass activity with around 1.6 times that of PdAg−L/C and 2 times that of commercial Pd/C, which can be attributed to its larger ECSA and lower adsorption energy of the intermediate to facilitate the direct oxidation of HCOOH molecule.
Spectroscopic orbit determination of the long‐periodic binary system θ Cep
Authors: Bischoff Richard , Mugrauer Markus , Lux Oliver , Zehe Tamara , Heyne Therese , Wagner Daniel , Geymeier Michael 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn 2015, a radial velocity monitoring campaign was started in order to redetermine and/or constrain the orbital solutions of spectroscopic binary systems. The observations were carried out at the University Observatory Jena with the Échelle spectrograph FLECHAS. The results from the main part of our target sample are already published. For the final target of this campaign, θ Cep, we can now present an orbital solution based on a homogeneously covered radial velocity curve. The period of this single‐lined spectroscopic binary turned out to be significantly larger, and the orbit is much more eccentric compared to the given values in the 9th Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits.
Cell‐free in vitro reduction of carboxylates to aldehydes: With crude enzyme preparations to a key pharmaceutical building block
Authors: Schwarz Anna , Hecko Sebastian , Rudroff Florian , Kohrt Jeffrey T. , Howard Roger M. , Winkler Margit 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe scarcity of practical methods for aldehyde synthesis in chemistry necessitates the development of mild, selective procedures. Carboxylic acid reductases catalyze aldehyde formation from stable carboxylic acid precursors in an aqueous solution. Carboxylic acid reductases were employed to catalyze aldehyde formation in a cell‐free system with activation energy and reducing equivalents provided through auxiliary proteins for ATP and NADPH recycling. In situ product removal was used to suppress over‐reduction due to background enzyme activities, and an N‐protected 4‐formyl‐piperidine pharma synthon was prepared in 61% isolated yield. This is the first report of preparative aldehyde synthesis with carboxylic acid reductases employing crude, commercially available enzyme preparations.
Selective ene‐reductase immobilization to magnetic nanoparticles through a novel affinity tag
Authors: Zanker Alexander A. , Ahmad Nadim , Son Tuan Hoang , Schwaminger Sebastian P. , Berensmeier Sonja 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundMagnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are becoming more important as carriers, because of their large specific surface area and easy separability. They are increasingly used in enzyme technology, diagnostics, and drug delivery.Major resultsFor the directed and almost irreversible immobilization of proteins on MNPs, we have developed a new selective (His‐Arg)4 peptide‐tag, that binds fusion proteins directly from an E. coli cell lysate to non‐functionalized, low‐cost MNPs. Using the immobilization of an ene‐reductase as an example, we could demonstrate that the fusion with this tag increases thermostability without reducing overall activity (ER w/o tag: t1/2 = 3.7 h, (HR)4‐ER: t1/2 = 9.9 h). Immobilization by adsorption in Tris buffer resulted in very high enzyme loads with approx. 380 mg g‐1 and 67% residual activity. The immobilization on the MNPs allowed a fast concentration, buffer exchange, and reuse. While about 50% of the activity was lost after the first reuse, we were able to show that the activity did not decrease further and was stable for another nine cycles.ConclusionAccording to our studies, our tag highly works for any kind of immobilization on MNPs and holds the potential for enzyme immobilizations as well as for drug delivery and sensors.
Deuterium effects on the vibrational circular dichroism spectra of flavanone
Authors: Muñoz Marcelo A. , Joseph‐Nathan Pedro 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe minimum chemical modification that can be incorporated into an organic molecule is the replacement of a hydrogen atom for a deuterium atom. This change is not altering the pharmacological properties of a molecule, although it provides the possibility of making specific spectroscopic evaluations. Thus, in the present study, we explore how a stereogenic center is influenced by such an isotopic labeling. The studies were conducted on both enantiomers of flavanone (1 and 2) which is the parent molecule of a large group of pharmacologically active natural occurring secondary metabolites. Flavanone comprised 12 carbon atoms forming two benzene rings, a carbonyl group, an ethereal oxygen atom, a methylene group, and only one C–H stereogenic center, so it seems to be an ideal candidate for such studies. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used for the accurate prediction of vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra of (R)‐(3) and (S)‐flavanone‐2‐d (4), of (R)‐(5) and (S)‐flavanone‐3,3‐d2 (6), and of (R)‐(7) and (S)‐flavanone‐2′,3′,4′,5′,6′‐d5 (8). To gain compounds that provide experimental VCD spectra for comparative purposes, the calculated spectra of both enantiomers of the corresponding flavanones, obtained after HPLC separation of the racemates by means of a chiral column, were contrasted, thereby revealing excellent agreements when using the CompareVOA software. In addition, the VCD spectra of both unlabeled enantiomeric flavanones (1 and 2) were also compared to the labeled molecules, revealing that the VCD spectra show significant variations induced by the deuterium incorporation.
Graphene‐Based Antimicrobial Biomedical Surfaces
Authors: Pandit Santosh , Gaska Karolina , Kádár Roland , Mijakovic Ivan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBiomedical application of graphene derivatives have been intensively studied in last decade. With the exceptional structural, thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties, these materials have attracted immense attention of biomedical scientists to utilize graphene derivatives in biomedical devices to improve their performance or to achieve desired functions. Surfaces of graphene derivatives including graphite, graphene, graphene oxide and reduce graphene oxide have been demonstrated to pave an excellent platform for antimicrobial behavior, enhanced biocompatibility, tissue engineering, biosensors and drug delivery. This review focuses on the recent advancement in the research of biomedical devices with the coatings or highly structured polymer nanocomposite surfaces of graphene derivatives for antimicrobial activity and sterile surfaces comprising an entirely new class of antibacterial materials. Overall, we aim to highlight on the potential of these materials, current understanding and knowledge gap in the antimicrobial behavior and biocompatibility to be utilized of their coatings to prevent the cross infections.
A novel subspace method for precise carrier frequency offset estimation in multicarrier modulation scheme under multiuser environment
Authors: S Chitra , N Kumaratharan , S Ramesh 
Published: November 2020

SummaryIn recent years, the demand on data communication is rapidly increasing, and there is a need of spectrally efficient modulation scheme for massive data transmissions. Multicarrier modulation (MCM) is widely used in wireless systems to support high data rate multimedia services such as audio, video, image, and data. Multicarrier code division multiple access (MC‐CDMA) is one of the MCM techniques which combines the best features of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and code division multiple access (CDMA). The carrier frequency offset (CFO) due to oscillator instabilities or Doppler shifts greatly deteriorates the performance of MC‐CDMA system. Hence, the subcarriers are no longer orthogonal and introduce intercarrier interference (ICI) at the receiver. The simultaneous CFO estimation and compensation in multiuser mobile environment are a challenging task which needs to be addressed for optimum performance. The blind CFO estimation such as maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) has limited estimation range which is less than half the subcarrier spacing. Multiple signal classification (MUSIC) is the spectral estimation‐based subspace method suited for simultaneous CFO estimation in the multiuser environment. MUSIC offers precise CFO estimation only for the well‐spaced CFOs and fails to discriminate the strictly spaced CFOs. Hence, a novel subspace method is proposed in this paper to improve the estimation accuracy for closely spaced CFOs with the reduced computational complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed enhanced root MUSIC estimation outperforms MLE and MUSIC in terms of estimation accuracy, bit error rate (BER), and ICI power.
Visceral adiposity index is closely associated with urinary albumin‐creatinine ratio in the Chinese population with prediabetes
Authors: Wang Jie , Jin Xinye , Chen Kang , Yan Wenhua , Wang Anping , Zhu Binruo , Wang Weiqing , Gao Zhengnan , Tang Xulei , Yan Li , Wan Qin , Luo Zuojie , Qin Guijun , Chen Lulu , Mu Yiming 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsVisceral obesity is a major health issue and is a risk factor for an atherogenic state. Visceral obesity has been reported to be a crucial link between albuminuria and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This study attempted to explore the association between visceral obesity and albuminuria in prediabetic individuals.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 24871 prediabetic participants over 40 years of age from seven centres across China (REACTION study). The visceral adiposity index (VAI) was determined based on the measurements of anthropometric indices and lipid parameters. Increased albuminuria was defined as a urinary albumin‐creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30 mg/g, indicating kidney damage. Propensity score matching was used to reduce bias, and a multiple logistic regression model was performed to evaluate the association between visceral obesity and albuminuria in the population with prediabetes.ResultsParticipants with increased UACR exhibited increased VAI, age, blood pressure, triglycerides, poor glycaemic control, CVD events, and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that VAI quartiles were positively associated with an increased risk of albuminuria (Q2: odds rate [OR]: 1.10, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.96–1.25; Q3: OR: 1.16, 95% CI 1.01–1.32; Q4: OR: 1.26, 95% CI 1.10–1.44, p for trend = 0.001). Stratified analysis revealed that the association of VAI level with increased albuminuria risk also occurred in people who were young, women, overweight or obese, with poor control of blood pressure, and eGFR ≥90 ml/min per 1.73 m2.ConclusionsVisceral obesity assessed by VAI is significantly associated with increased UACR in a Chinese population with prediabetes.
Disorders of gut–brain interaction common among outpatients with eating disorders including avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder
Authors: Murray Helen Burton , Kuo Braden , Eddy Kamryn T. , Breithaupt Lauren , Becker Kendra R. , Dreier Melissa J. , Thomas Jennifer J. , Staller Kyle 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveLittle research exists on Rome IV disorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBI; formerly called functional gastrointestinal disorders) in outpatients with eating disorders (EDs). These data are particularly lacking for avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), which shares core features with DGBI. We aimed to identify the frequency and nature of DGBI symptoms among outpatients with EDs.MethodConsecutively referred pediatric and adult patients diagnosed with an ED (n = 168, 71% female, ages 8–76 years) in our tertiary care ED program between March 2017 and July 2019 completed a modified Rome IV Questionnaire for DGBI and psychopathology measure battery.ResultsThe majority (n = 122, 72%) of participants reported at least one bothersome gastrointestinal symptom. Sixty‐six (39%) met criteria for a DBGI, most frequently functional dyspepsia—post‐prandial distress syndrome subtype (31%). DGBI were surprisingly less frequent among patients with ARFID (30%) versus EDs that are associated with shape or weight concerns (45%; X2[1] = 3.61, p = .058, Cramer's V = .147). Among those with ARFID, DGBI presence was associated with the fear of aversive consequences prototype and multiple comorbid prototype presence.DiscussionWe demonstrated notable overlap between DGBI and EDs, particularly post‐prandial distress symptoms. Further research is needed to examine if gastrointestinal symptoms predict or are a result of greater ED pathology, including ARFID prototypes.
Genetic dissection of a major haplotype associated with arthritis reveal FcγR2b and FcγR3 to act additively
Authors: Vaartjes Daniëlle , Klaczkowska Dorota , Cragg Mark S , Nandakumar Kutty Selva , Bäckdahl Liselotte , Holmdahl Rikard 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA haplotype with tightly linked Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) genes is known as a major locus controlling immune responses and autoimmune diseases, including arthritis. Here, we split a congenic fragment derived from the NOD mouse (Cia9) to study its effect on immune response and arthritis in mice. We found that arthritis susceptibility was indeed controlled by the FcγR gene cluster and a recombination between the FcγR2b and FcγR3 loci gave us the opportunity to separately study their impact. We identified the NOD‐derived FcγR2b and FcγR3 alleles as disease‐promoting for arthritis development without impact on antibody secretion. We further found that macrophage‐mediated phagocytosis was directly correlated to FcγR3 expression in the congenic mice. In conclusion, we positioned FcγR2b and FcγR3 alleles as disease regulatory and showed that their genetic polymorphisms independently and additively control innate immune cell activation and arthritis.
Reliability analysis of damping estimation by random decrement technique for high‐rise buildings
Authors: Zhou Kang , Li Qiu‐Sheng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDamping ratio is one of the most important parameters in the dynamic analysis of high‐rise buildings for structural design. As a practical damping estimation method, the random decrement technique (RDT) has been widely applied to civil structures in the past decades. The inherent limitation of the RDT is that it can only provide a single optimal damping result, while the reliability of its estimated result is unavailable. By combining the RDT with the bootstrap method, this paper presents a reliability analysis scheme for damping estimation. Based on the bootstrap‐based scheme, the reliability of damping results estimated by the RDT using four commonly used triggering conditions is systemically investigated through numerical simulations. The results show that the reliability of damping estimates can be effectively evaluated by providing the confidence interval. Moreover, based on free vibration test results and field measurements of acceleration responses of a 600‐m high skyscraper during a typhoon, the bootstrap‐based scheme is further verified to be applicable and effective for evaluating the reliability of damping results of high‐rise buildings in field measurements. This paper aims to provide useful implications for evaluating the reliability of damping estimates and thereby improve the accuracy of damping evaluation of high‐rise buildings.
Detecting capital flow surges in developing countries
Authors: Kaya Ahmet Ihsan , Erden Lutfi , Ozkan Ibrahim 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study investigates excessive movements in capital flows called surges or bonanzas. Contrary to the previous work that extensively uses ad‐hoc measures and discretionary thresholds; we adopt a distinctive methodology to detect capital flow surges based on right‐tailed unit root tests. Generalized supremum augmented Dickey‐Fuller (GSADF) proposed by Phillips et al. (2015) is successfully applied to identify asset price bubbles. Exploiting the technical and conceptual similarities in the formations of asset price bubbles and capital flow surges, we perform the GSADF procedure using quarterly net capital flows data from 43 developing countries. The advantages of this procedure are twofold: it can distinguish the behaviour of volatility and explosiveness and diagnose multiple surges in a series. We identified 727 individual surges, 130 different surge episodes, and 4 global capital flow waves over the periods of 1995–2017. Compared with the existing measures, the application of this surge‐detection technique provides a useful tool as a data‐driven method with no need for discretionary thresholds. We also investigate the factors triggering capital flow surges, employing the Fernandez‐Val and Weidner (2016) bias‐adjusted fixed effects probit model and find that domestic factors play a dominant role on the surge occurrences in developing countries.
Exchange rate fluctuations and interest rate policy
Authors: Liu Tie‐Ying , Lee Chien‐Chiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis research studies the non‐linear relationship between interest rates and exchange rates for China and the United States using the rolling‐window method. We also investigate uncovered interest rate parity (UIP) and the capital market theory for the whole time period and subperiods so as to reconsider various economic connections between China and the United States. The results suggest that the effect of the latter's interest rate adjustment on China/U.S. exchange rate volatility is stronger than that of China's interest rate adjustment. Moreover, changes in the China/U.S. exchange rate have a slightly stronger effect on the U.S. interest rate than on China's interest rate. Our findings reveal that the interest rate parity theory does not hold for the entire sample period but may hold in subperiods. The results provide a reference for the steady implementation of RMB internationalization.