bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Y‐box protein 1 promotes hypoxia/reoxygenation‐ or ischemia/reperfusion‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via SHP‐1‐dependent STAT3 inactivation
Authors: Cao Xueming , Zhu Na , Zhang Yuwei , Chen Yan , Zhang Jing , Li Jiang , Hao Peiyuan , Gao Chuanyu , Li Li 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by hypoxia and ischemia plays important roles in heart dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the mechanism of apoptosis induction remains unclear. A previous study reported that Y‐box protein 1 (YB1) is upregulated after myocardial hypoxia/reoxygenation or ischemia/reperfusion (H/R or I/R, respectively) injury; however, whether YB1 is associated with H/R‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis is completely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the roles of YB1 in H/R‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and the possible underlying molecular mechanisms. In vitro, H/R treatment upregulated the YB1 expression in H9C2 cells, whereas YB1 knockdown inhibited H/R‐induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and induced H9C2 cell proliferation via Src homology region 2 domain‐containing phosphatase 1 (SHP‐1)‐mediated activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). In vivo, YB1 knockdown ameliorated AMI, reducing infarct size, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and oxidative stress, via SHP‐1‐mediated inactivation of STAT3. Additionally, YB1 knockdown inhibited H/R‐ or I/R‐induced oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo. H/R and I/R increase YB1 expression, and YB1 knockdown ameliorates AMI injury via SHP‐1‐dependent STAT3 inactivation.
Fucoidan inhibits tooth movement by promoting restorative macrophage polarization through the STAT3 pathway
Authors: Zhang Shuting , Zhang Hanwen , Jin Zhichun , Wang Siyu , Wang Yan , Zhu Linlin , Sun Wen , Yan Bin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRetention after treatment and effective anchorage control are two essential factors in orthodontics. Our study aimed to explore the effects of fucoidan on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and the involvement of macrophages. We established a murine OTM model to test the effect of fucoidan administration. We found that mice injected with fucoidan had a deceleration in OTM and a higher bone mineral density. Moreover, fucoidan increased the proportion of F4/80+CD206+ macrophages and promoted the messenger RNA expression of Arg‐1, CD206, and IL‐10 at both in vivo and in vitro levels. In addition, macrophages showed lower expression of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 and a decrease in F4/80+CD11c+ cells. Mechanistically, the level of phosphorylated STAT3 was elevated in unpolarized and restorative macrophages after treatment with fucoidan. Taken together, our findings suggest that fucoidan treatment inhibits OTM and enhances the stability of teeth after movement by promoting restorative macrophages through the STAT3 pathway.
Thinking outside the glenohumeral box: Hierarchical shape variation of the periarticular anatomy of the scapula using statistical shape modeling
Authors: Jacxsens Matthijs , Elhabian Shireen Y. , Brady Sarah E. , Chalmers Peter N. , Mueller Andreas M. , Tashjian Robert Z. , Henninger Heath B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractVariation in the shape of the glenoid and periarticular anatomy of the scapula has been associated with shoulder pathology. The goal of this study was to identify the modes of shape variation of periarticular scapular anatomy in relation to the glenoid in nonpathologic shoulders. Computed tomography scans of 31 cadaveric scapulae, verified to be free of pathology, were three‐dimensionally reconstructed. Statistical shape modeling and principal component analysis identified the modes of shape variation across the population. Corresponding linear and angular measurements quantified the morphometric variance identified by the modes. Linear measures were normalized to the radius of the inferior glenoid to account for differences in the scaling of the bones. Five modes captured 89.7% of total shape variation of the glenoid and periarticular anatomy. Apart from size differences (mode 1: 33.0%), acromial anatomy accounted for the largest variation (mode 2: 32.0%). Further modes described variation in glenoid inclination (mode 3: 11.8%), coracoid orientation and size (mode 4: 9.0%), and variation in coracoacromial (CA) morphology (mode 5: 3.1%). The average scapula had a mean acromial tilt of 49 ± 7°, scapular spine angle of 61 ± 6°, the glenoid inclination of 84 ± 4°, coracoid deviation angle of 26 ± 4°, coracoid length of 3.7 ± 0.3 glenoid radii, and a CA base length of 5.6 ± 0.5 radii. In this study, the identified shape modes explain almost all of the variance in scapular anatomy. The acromion exhibited the highest variance of all periarticular anatomic structures of the scapula in relation to the glenoid, which may play a role in many shoulder pathologies.
The continuum of hip range of motion: From soft‐tissue restriction to bony impingement
Authors: Han Shuyang , Owens Virgenal L. , Patel Rikin V. , Ismaily Sabir K. , Harrington Melvyn A. , Incavo Stephen J. , Noble Philip C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTraditional studies of hip kinematics have not identified which anatomic structures limit the range of motion (ROM) when the hip is placed in different maneuvers. In this study, we attempted to answer two questions: (a) During which maneuvers is the motion of the hip limited by bony impingement between the femur and pelvis? (b) When is hip ROM determined by the constraint of soft tissues and to what extent? ROM of eight cadaveric hips was measured in 17 maneuvers using a motion capture system. The maneuvers were recreated in silico using 3D CT models of each specimen to detect the occurrence of bony impingement. If bony impingement was not detected, the variable component of 3D hip motion was increased until a collision was detected. The difference between the virtual ROM at the point of bony impingement and the initial ROM measured experimentally was termed as the soft‐tissue restriction. The results showed that bony impingement was present in normal hips during maneuvers consisting of high abduction with flexion, and high flexion combined with adduction and internal rotation. At impingement‐free maneuvers, the degree of soft tissue restriction varies remarkably, ranging from 4.9° ± 3.8° (internal rotation) at 90° of flexion to 80.0° ± 12.5° (internal rotation) at maximum extension. The findings shed light on the relative contributions of osseous and soft tissues to the motion of the hip in different maneuvers and allow for a better understanding of physical exams of different purposes in diagnosing bone‐ or soft tissue‐related diseases.
New developments and future challenges in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of prosthetic joint infection
Authors: Ricciardi Benjamin F. , Muthukrishnan Gowrishankar , Masters Elysia A. , Kaplan Nathan , Daiss John L. , Schwarz Edward M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractProsthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication that results in substantial costs to society and patient morbidity. Advancements in our knowledge of this condition have focused on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, in order to reduce rates of PJI and improve patient outcomes. Preventive measures such as optimization of patient comorbidities, and perioperative antibiotic usage are intensive areas of current clinical research to reduce the rate of PJI. Improved diagnostic tests such as synovial fluid (SF) α‐defensin enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and nucleic acid‐based tests for serum, SF, and tissue cultures, have improved diagnostic accuracy and organism identification. Increasing the diversity of available antibiotic therapy, immunotherapy, and alternative implant coatings remain promising treatments to improve infection eradication in the setting of PJI.
Multiple‐pass enhanced Raman spectroscopy for fast industrial trace gas detection and process control
Authors: Wen Chengwei , Huang Xin , Shen Chunlei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe report an advanced multiple‐pass Raman spectroscopy setup with enhanced sensitivity for industrial in situ monitoring and process control applications. A multiple‐pass cavity with 20 total passes is constructed using one concave mirror and two high‐reflection mirrors. The multiple‐pass cavity is fully compatible with gas chamber with dead volume as small as 2.5 ml. The setup is simple, reliable, and robust, which is important for practical industrial applications. With this system, gas samples in static cells are tested to show the analytical potential of this multiple‐pass setup. The results show that the noise equivalent detection limit (3σ) of 12.0 (N2), 13.3 (O2), 12.2 (CO2), and 5.8 Pa (hydrogen isotopologues), which corresponds to relative abundance by volume at 1 bar total pressure of 120, 133, 122, and 58 ppm can be achieved in 1 s with a 1.5‐W red laser. We further demonstrate a modified version of current multiple‐pass Raman spectroscopy, which can afford an even lower detection limit for nonhazardous gas samples. The sensitivity of the current setup can be further increased, and different approaches are discussed in detail. Based on the experience gained in this prototype setup, various improvements are currently being investigated and implemented, aiming at higher sensitivity and stability. The results obtained with this newly designed Raman system are very promising, as sensitive subsecond monitoring and process control of low‐pressure hydrogen isotopologues based on Raman spectroscopy seems to be within reach in a fusion reactor. Besides, the analysis and monitoring of other important gas species (e.g., environmental gas) can also be benefited from the current design.
Modeling the coupled dynamics of stream metabolism and microbial biomass
Authors: Segatto Pier Luigi , Battin Tom J. , Bertuzzo Enrico 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEstimating and interpreting ecosystem metabolism remains an important challenge in stream ecology. Here, we propose a novel approach to model, estimate, and predict multiseasonal patterns of stream metabolism (gross primary production [GPP] and ecosystem respiration [ER]) at the reach scale leveraging on increasingly available long‐term, high‐frequency measurements of dissolved oxygen (DO). The model uses DO measurements to estimate the parameters of a simple ecosystem model describing the underlying dynamics of stream autotrophic and heterotrophic microbial biomass. The model has been applied to four reaches within the Ybbs river network, Austria. Even if microbial biomasses are not observed, that is, they are treated as latent variables, results show that by accounting for the temporal dynamics of biomass, the model reproduces variability in metabolic fluxes that is not explained by fluctuations of light, temperature, and resources. The model is particularly data‐demanding: to estimate the 11 parameters used in this formulation, it requires sufficiently long, for example, annual, time series, and significant scouring events. On the other hand, the approach has the potential to separate ER into its autotrophic and heterotrophic components, estimate a richer set of ecosystem carbon fluxes (i.e., carbon uptake, loss, and scouring), extrapolate metabolism estimates for periods when DO measurements are unavailable, and predict how ecosystem metabolism would respond to variations of the driving forces. The model is seen as a building block to develop tools to fully appreciate multiseasonal patterns of metabolic activity in river networks and to provide reliable estimations of carbon fluxes from land to ocean.
Low snowpack reduces thermal response diversity among streams across a landscape
Authors: Cline Timothy J. , Schindler Daniel E. , Walsworth Timothy E. , French David W. , Lisi Peter J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSpatial and temporal variation in thermal conditions are important dimensions of aquatic landscapes, yet we do not understand how this heterogeneity will respond to climate change. Snowpack in many regions is declining but impacts on aquatic thermal regimes remain poorly understood. Our analyses of summer stream temperatures across a complex river basin in southwest Alaska show that loss of snowpack has disproportionate effects on water temperatures in streams that are cold under typical conditions, thereby homogenizing stream temperatures across the landscape during low snow conditions. Streams draining steep watersheds warmed from a summer average of 4–8°C between high and low snow years and became more responsive to variation in regional air temperature (as proxy for solar radiation), while streams draining flat watersheds changed negligibly. Our results suggest that conservation strategies for aquatic landscapes that focus on snow‐dominated cold‐water refugia may not be robust to future climate warming and changes in snowpack.
Mean curvature of hypersurfaces in Killing submersions with bounded shadow
Authors: Gimeno Vicent 
Published: January 2020

AbstractGiven a complete hypersurface isometrically immersed in an ambient manifold, in this paper we provide a lower bound for the norm of the mean curvature vector field of the immersion assuming that:

The ambient manifold admits a Killing submersion with unit‐length Killing vector field.
The projection of the image of the immersion is bounded in the base manifold.
The hypersurface is stochastically complete, or the immersion is proper.
Wall clutter mitigation based on spread spectrum radar in through‐the‐wall radar
Authors: Shi Xiaomin , Wang Chenhao , Zheng Chen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA new subspace method applied to through‐the‐wall radar for clutter mitigation is presented. The pseudo‐random code continuous wave radar is used and the wall subspace selection algorithm is introduced. The performance of this method is demonstrated and compared with the singular value decomposition‐based clutter mitigation methods. Results confirm that the new subspace method suppresses the wall clutter more thoroughly under the same conditions.
Hydroacridines: Part 33. An experimental and DFT study of the 13C NMR chemical shifts of the nitrosamines derived from the six stereoisomers of tetradecahydroacridine
Authors: Potmischil Francisc , Hillebrand Mihaela , Kalchhauser Hermann 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe paper presents the experimental and DFT‐calculated values of the 13C NMR chemical shifts of the six stereoisomers of tetradecahydroacridine and of the corresponding nitrosamines. Performing the DFT calculations using several combinations of functional and basis sets, it was found that the best experimental‐calculated agreement was obtained for OPBE/6–311++G (dp) method. Considering the effect of N‐nitrosation upon the 13C NMR chemical shifts of the C‐α carbons of secondary amines, it was found that if following nitrosation both C‐α carbons are shifted upfield or both are shifted downfield, then the resulted nitrosamine will have a sterically strained ─N═O group. If, however, one of the C‐α is shifted upfield and the other is shifted downfield, then the ─N═O group will be strain‐free or weakly strained. Our calculations predict strain energies of about 10–15 kcal mol−1 in the first case and ≈0–6 kcal mol−1 in the latter.
Right preconditioned MINRES for singular systems†
Authors: Sugihara Kota , Hayami Ken , Zheng Ning 
Published: January 2020

SummaryWe consider solving large sparse symmetric singular linear systems. We first introduce an algorithm for right preconditioned minimum residual (MINRES) and prove that its iterates converge to the preconditioner weighted least squares solution without breakdown for an arbitrary right‐hand‐side vector and an arbitrary initial vector even if the linear system is singular and inconsistent. For the special case when the system is consistent, we prove that the iterates converge to a min‐norm solution with respect to the preconditioner if the initial vector is in the range space of the right preconditioned coefficient matrix. Furthermore, we propose a right preconditioned MINRES using symmetric successive over‐relaxation (SSOR) with Eisenstat's trick. Some numerical experiments on semidefinite systems in electromagnetic analysis and so forth indicate that the method is efficient and robust. Finally, we show that the residual norm can be further reduced by restarting the iterations.
Lexicon for guidance terminology in pediatric hematology/oncology: A White Paper
Authors: Dupuis L. Lee , Robinson Paula D. , van de Wetering Marianne D. , Tissing Wim , Seelisch Jennifer , Digout Carol , Sung Lillian , Phillips Robert ,   on behalf of members of the iPOG Network
Published: January 2020

AbstractTerms used to label types of clinical recommendations and guidance are applied inconsistently and do not reflect the methods used to create each type. Here, the international Pediatric Oncology Supportive Care Guideline Network proposes a lexicon for types of recommendations and guidance documents. A lexicon describing three types of recommendations (clinical practice guideline–derived, good practice statement, and expert opinion statement) and two types of guidance documents (clinical practice guideline and expert opinion) is presented. Consistent use of this lexicon will allow pediatric oncology clinicians to readily appreciate the methods used to create clinical guidance.
Treatment indications for antidepressants prescribed to pregnant women: A population‐based descriptive study from Denmark
Authors: Liu Xiaoqin , Musliner Katherine L. , Agerbo Esben , Ingstrup Katja G. , Sun Yuelian , Yu Yongfu , Munk‐Olsen Trine 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeAntidepressants are the mainstay of pharmacological treatment for nonpsychotic mental disorders in the perinatal period. However, little is known about the indications for antidepressant use during pregnancy. We aimed to examine the treatment indications of antidepressant prescriptions redeemed by pregnant women and to investigate whether treatment indication patterns changed over time.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based descriptive study using Danish national registers. We identified pregnancies resulting in live births between 2006 and 2016 from the Medical Birth Registry. We linked them to the National Prescription Registry to extract information on antidepressant prescriptions during pregnancy. We used generalized estimating equations to examine whether the indication patterns of antidepressants changed over time.ResultsA total of 47 093 antidepressant prescriptions associated with 17 170 pregnancies were identified. Overall, 82.3% of pregnancies received antidepressant prescriptions for depression, including 9.2% of pregnancies affected by comorbid indications, mainly anxiety disorders. In addition, 11.5% of pregnancies received prescribed antidepressants for anxiety disorders only, 3.8% for insomnia only, 0.5% for anxiety and insomnia, and 1.9% for other disorders. There was a small decrease in the percentage of antidepressant prescriptions for depression from 2006 to 2016, with an adjusted 1‐year risk difference of −0.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], −0.7% to −0.1%), while the percentage for anxiety disorders increased, and the adjusted 1‐year risk difference was 0.9% (95% CI, 0.7% to 1.1%).ConclusionThe majority of antidepressant prescriptions in pregnancy are for depression treatment, which suggests that antidepressant prescription during pregnancy may be a suitable proxy for a depression diagnosis.
Exendin‐4 enhances the sensitivity of prostate cancer to enzalutamide by targeting Akt activation
Authors: Wenjing He , Shao Yuanyuan , Yu Yi , Huang Wei , Feng Guoliang , Li Junhe 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundGlucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) and its analogs are first‐line choices for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recent studies have shown that they exhibit antitumor properties in some tumors. We previously found that a GLP‐1 analog, exendin‐4 (Ex‐4), inhibited the growth of prostate cancer cells through suppressing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, which is activated in response to enzalutamide treatment and reported to be closely related to resistance to enzalutamide. So we speculated that exendin‐4 may enhance the sensitivity of prostate cancer to enzalutamide through inhibiting Akt activation.MethodsLNCap and CWR22RV1 cell lines, as well as mice bearing xenografts formed from the two cells, were used.ResultsExendin‐4 in combination with enzalutamide dramatically suppressed tumor growth of prostate cancer cells compared to enzalutamide alone; exendin‐4 is capable of antagonizing enzalutamide‐induced invasion and migration of both prostate cancer cells (P < .05). Furthermore, the combination treatment significantly reduced Akt and mTOR levels that were triggered by enzalutamide administration, caused a further decrease in nuclear AR localization compared with the enzalutamide as a monotherapy (P < .5), though exendin‐4 treatment alone showed no effect on nuclear AR.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that exendin‐4 alleviated resistance to enzalutamide, and suggested that exendin‐4 combined with enzalutamide may be a more efficacious treatment for patients with advanced prostate cancer.
Spatial and temporal distribution, degradation, and metabolism of three neonicotinoid insecticides on different parts, especially pests' target feeding parts of apple tree
Authors: Wu Changcai , Dong Fengshou , Chen Xiuye , Zhang Tao , Mei Xiangdong , Ning Jun , She Dongmei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDNeonicotinoid insecticides (NIs) have been recently banned in some countries because of increased pest resistance and deleterious risks to non‐target organisms. Recent studies considered all parts of crops as a whole part in plant protection. However, there are few reports focused on the distribution and metabolic trends of NIs on target feeding sites of different pests in apple orchards.RESULTSThe spatial and temporal distribution, absorption, degradation, and metabolism of three NIs, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, and thiamethoxam, on different parts of apple trees were studied under foliar spray and root irrigation treatments. In the spray treatment, the initial average concentration ratios (TCRs) were 31.6% for lower shoots, 23.3% for upper leaves, 23.2% for upper shoots, 21.0% for lower leaves, and 0.5% and 0.4% for upper and lower fruits, respectively. The average half‐lives of the three NIs were 2.9 days for shoots, 7.4 days for leaves, and 10.8 days for fruits. The degradation rate of shoots was 2.5 times that of leaves, and 3.6 times that of fruits. Imidacloprid olefin and N‐methyl acetamiprid were two of the main metabolites. In the root treatment, both roots and soils had high TCRs during the whole sampling period. Only imidacloprid was transmitted to above‐ground parts of the plants, with TCRs of 0.38–50.94%.CONCLUSIONThis study found significant differences in spatial and temporal distribution, degradation, metabolism, and trends of NIs on different pest target sites of apple trees. The data obtained may help promote scientific control of target pests and evaluation of safety for non‐target species in orchards. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Sentiment and its asymmetric effect on housing returns
Authors: Saydometov Sergiy , Sabherwal Sanjiv , Aroul Ramya Rajajagadeesan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe use Google search frequency to construct sentiment indices (positive and negative) for the housing market. We find that future housing prices are negatively related to our measure of negative sentiment but not significantly related to that of positive sentiment. These relationships are robust to controls for macroeconomic variables, stock market return, and Housing Market Index, a survey‐based housing sentiment index. Furthermore, we find that an increase in negative sentiment results in a significant negative response in housing prices, while a decrease evokes little response. Thus, the housing market exhibits asymmetric responses to negative and positive sentiment and to increases versus decreases in negative sentiment. We attribute these asymmetric responses to the “negativity effect.” Finally, we find that home prices are more sensitive to sentiment during recessionary periods.