bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient safety in nuclear medicine: identification of key strategic areas for vigilance and improvement
Authors: Kasalak Ömer , Yakar Derya , Dierckx Rudi A.J.O. , Kwee Thomas C. 
Published: August 2020

Objective
To determine the types of patient safety incidents and associated harm in nuclear medicine practice.

Methods
This study included 147 patient safety incidents related to nuclear medicine practice and submitted to the incident reporting system of a tertiary care nuclear medicine department between 2014 and 2019.

Results
The top-three incident types according to the International Classification for Patient Safety (ICPS) were medication/IV fluids (36/147, 24.5%), clinical administration (28/147, 19.0%), and clinical process/procedure (27/147, 18.4%), altogether comprising 61.9% of incidents. Within the medication/IV fluids domain, half of incident subtypes were attributable to supply/ordering, omitted medicine or dose, and wrong dose/strength of frequency. Within the clinical administration domain, appointment and wrong patient represented the majority of incident subtypes. Within the clinical process/procedure domain, the majority of incident subtypes fell in the categories: specimens/results and incomplete/inadequate. There was no patient harm in 145 (98.6%) of cases, mild patient harm in 1 (0.7%) case, and in 1 (0.7%) case, it remained unclear if there was patient harm. In 4 (2.7%) cases, a Prevention Recovery Information System for Monitoring and Analysis evaluation was performed because of the high risk of reoccurrence and patient harm.

Conclusions
The majority of patient safety incidents in nuclear medicine occur in three main ICPS categories (medication/IV fluids, clinical administration, and clinical process/procedure, in order of decreasing frequency). These can be considered as key strategic areas for incident prevention and patient safety improvement. Nevertheless, the rate of actual patient harm was very low in our series.
Gene Expression Profiling of the Pancreas in Patients Undergoing Total Pancreatectomy With Islet Autotransplant Suggests Unique Features of Alcoholic, Idiopathic, and Hereditary Pancreatitis
Authors: Blobner Brandon M. , Bellin Melena D. , Beilman Gregory J. , Shelton Celeste A. , Park Hyung Jung , Whitcomb David C. 
Published: August 2020

Objectives
To determine if RNA collected from pancreatic tissue, without the use of RNAlater, is useful for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) despite degradation, and if so, then, via RNA-seq analysis, how does gene expression vary between pancreatitis etiologies.

Methods
Data were assessed in 2 dimensions, based on RNA-seq signal shape assessed by RSeQC v.2.6.4 and RNA expression after accounting for different degrees of degradation.

Results
Six measures of RNA characteristics (median RNA fragment size, reads per million kilobases saturation, transcript integrity number, distribution of hexamers, percentage of nucleotides that are guanine or cytosine, and duplicated reads) were significantly different between hereditary pancreatitis and idiopathic pancreatitis. Differential expression analysis revealed that 150 genes were differentially expressed between hereditary and idiopathic etiologies, 197 genes were differentially expressed between alcoholic and idiopathic etiologies, and 200 genes were differentially expressed between alcoholic and hereditary etiologies. We then determined that many enriched pathways between hereditary and idiopathic etiologies are related to the matrisome, and many of the enriched pathways between alcoholic and idiopathic etiology or hereditary etiology are related to ion transport.

Conclusions
We found distinct RNA-seq signals between different pancreatitis etiologies in both of the dimensions in critical pathways for pancreas biology.
The Effect of Age on Short- and Long-Term Outcomes in Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Undergoing Laparoscopic Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Cai He , Wang Yichao , Cai Yunqiang , Wang Xin , Ouyang Guoqing , Li Yongbin , Meng Lingwei , Peng Bing 
Published: August 2020

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of age on outcomes with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) undergoing laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD).

Methods
We retrospectively collected clinical data of consecutive patients with PDAC undergoing LPD from January 2012 to April 2019. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to age at admission for LPD: younger than 70 and 70 years or older.

Results
A total of 147 patients were included (<70 years, n = 96; ≥70 years, n = 51). The elderly LPD patients had lower serum albumin levels (mean, 37.9 [standard deviation, 4.8] g/L vs 40.7 [standard deviation, 6.8] g/L, P = 0.004) and a larger frequency of comorbidities (62.7% vs 36.5%, P = 0.002) than younger patients. The short-term outcomes showed no significant differences. The median overall survival time of the younger patients was not significantly greater than that of the elderly patients (20.0 [95% confidence interval, 16.1–23.9] months vs 19.0 [95% confidence interval, 13.8–24.2] months, P = 0.902).

Conclusions
The short- and long-term outcomes of elderly patients with PDAC after LPD were similar to those of younger patients, despite a higher prevalence of multiple chronic illnesses and poorer nutritional conditioning among the elderly patients. These results show that LPD can be applied safely to elderly patients.
Multimodal Device and Computer Algorithm–Based Monitoring of Pancreatic Microcirculation Profiles In Vivo
Authors: Li Yuan , Song Xiaohong , Liu Mingming , Wang Bing , Zhang Jian , Li Ailing , Zhang Honggang , Xiu Ruijuan 
Published: August 2020

Objectives
Pancreatic microcirculation has an essential role in orchestrating pancreatic homeostasis. Inherent complexity and technological limitation lead to interobserver variability and 1-sided microcirculatory data. Here, we introduce a multimodal device and computer algorithm–based platform for monitoring and visualizing integrated pancreatic microcirculation profiles.

Methods
After anesthetizing and exposing pancreas tissue of BALB/c mice, probes of Oxygen to See, Microx TX3, and MoorVMS-LDF2 were positioned at pancreas in situ to capture the pancreatic microcirculatory oxygen (hemoglobin oxygen saturation, relative amount of hemoglobin, and partial oxygen pressure) and microhemodynamic data (microvascular blood perfusion and velocity). To assess and visualize pancreatic microcirculation profiles, raw data of pancreatic microcirculation profiles were processed and transformed using interquartile range and min-max normalization by Python and Apache ECharts.

Results
The multimodal device–based platform was established and 3-dimensional microcirculatory modules were constructed. Raw data sets of pancreatic microcirculatory oxygen and microhemodynamic were collected. The outlier of data set was adjusted to the boundary value and raw data set was preprocessed. Normalized pancreatic microcirculation profiles were integrated into the 3-dimensional histogram and scatter modules, respectively. The 3-dimensional modules of pancreatic microcirculation profiles were then generated.

Conclusions
We established a multimodal device and computer algorithm–based monitoring platform for visualizing integrated pancreatic microcirculation profiles.
A Quantitative Global Proteomics Approach Identifies Candidate Urinary Biomarkers That Correlate With Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm Dysplasia
Authors: Flick Katelyn F. , Yip-Schneider Michele T. , Sublette Christopher M. , Simpson Rachel E. , Colgate Cameron L. , Wu Huangbing , Soufi Mazhar , Dewitt John M. , Mosley Amber L. , Ceppa Eugene P. , Zhang Jianjun , Schmidt C. Max 
Published: August 2020

Objectives
A proteomic discovery study was performed to determine if urine possesses a unique biosignature that could form the basis for a noninvasive test able to predict intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) dysplasia.

Methods
Urine was collected from patients undergoing surgery for IPMN (72 low/moderate, 27 high-grade/invasive). Quantitative mass spectrometry-based proteomics was performed. Proteins of interest were identified by differential expression analysis followed by principal component analysis.

Results
Proteomics identified greater than 4800 urinary proteins. Low/moderate and high-grade/invasive IPMN were distinguished by 188 proteins (P < 0.05). Following principal component analysis and heatmap visualization, vitamin D binding protein (DBP), apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1), and alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) were selected. The proteomic abundance of DBP (median [interquartile range]) was significantly higher for high-grade/invasive than for low/moderate IPMN (219,735 [128,882–269,943] vs. 112,295 [77,905–180,773] normalized reporter ion intensity units; P = 0.001). Similarly, APOA1 was more abundant in the high-grade/invasive than low/moderate groups (235,420 [144,933–371,247] vs 150,095 [103,419–236,591]; P = 0.0007) as was A1AT (567,514 [358,544–774,801] vs 358,393 [260,850–477,882]; P = 0.0006).

Conclusions
Urinary DBP, APOA1, and A1AT represent potential biomarker candidates that may provide a noninvasive means of predicting IPMN dysplastic grade.
Symptom Burden of Nonresected Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Mavros Michail N. , Davis Laura E. , Hallet Julie , Tung Stephanie , Mahar Alyson L. , Bubis Lev D. , Hammad Ahmed , Zhao Haoyu , Earle Craig C. , Barbera Lisa , Coburn Natalie G. 
Published: August 2020

Objectives
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is a debilitating disease. We sought to analyze symptom burden and trajectories after diagnosis of PAC and identify predictors of severe symptoms for nonresected patients.

Methods
This was a retrospective review of linked administrative health care databases examining patients with PAC not undergoing resection. Primary outcome was severe patient-reported symptoms (Edmonton Symptom Assessment System ≥7). Multivariable modified Poisson regression models were used to identify factors associated with reporting severe symptoms.

Results
A total of 10,753 symptom assessments from 2168 patients were analyzed. The median age was 67 years, and 47% were female; median survival was 7 months. Most common severe symptoms were tiredness (54.7%), anorexia (53.6%), overall impaired well-being (45.3%), and drowsiness (37.1%). Severity of symptoms decreased 1 month after diagnosis and plateaued 4 months after diagnosis. Female sex, comorbidities, and older age were associated with reporting severe symptoms; recent radiation treatment and residence in a rural community were associated with reporting less severe symptoms.

Conclusions
The prevalence of severe symptoms in patients with nonresected PAC was high, but potentially modifiable. We identified vulnerable groups of patients that may benefit from focused interventions. This information is important for patient counseling and design of supportive care strategies.
Increased Malignancy Rate in Children With IgE Deficiency: A Single-center Experience
Authors: Ferastraoaru Denisa , Schwartz Deborah , Rosenstreich David 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Immunoglobulin (Ig) E-deficient adults (IgE<2.5 kU/L) have increased susceptibility for developing malignancy. We evaluated the association between IgE deficiency and cancer diagnosis in children (age younger than 18 y), compared with those non–IgE-deficient (IgE≥2.5 kU/L).

Materials and Methods:
Information about malignancy diagnosis were compared between 4 cohorts of children who had IgE levels measured at our institution: IgE-deficient (IgE<2.5 kU/L), normal IgE (2.5<IgE≥100 kU/L), high IgE (100≥IgE<1000 kU/L), very high IgE (IgE≥1000 kU/L).

Results:
Overall, 94/4586 (2%) children had IgE deficiency. A significantly higher malignancy rate was found in IgE-deficient children (3/94, 3.2%) compared with non–IgE-deficient cohort (13/4492, 0.3%, P<0.0001). Analysis of the groups with different IgE levels revealed a significantly higher rate of cancer in IgE-deficient children (3.2%) compared with those with normal (0.5%; odds ratio [OR]=7.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.94-31.61, P=0.004), high (0.2%; OR=25.80; 95% CI: 4.94-134.54, P=0.002), and very high IgE levels (0.2%; OR=42.17; 95% CI: 3.84-463.02, P<0.0001). All 3 IgE-deficient children had lymphoma. Malignancies in the other groups included lymphoma, leukemia, brain, liver, ovarian cancers.

Conclusions:
Malignancy rate was higher in IgE-deficient children compared with those with normal, high, or very high IgE levels, supporting the hypothesis that IgE deficiency may be a marker for malignancy susceptibility in children. Larger, prospective studies are necessary to further evaluate this association.
The Effects of Preoperative Education for Patients With Cancer
Authors: Kim Nayoung , Yang Jangmi , Lee Kyoung Suk , Shin In-Soo 
Published: August 2020

Background
The results of previous experimental studies have been inconsistent in the effect of preoperative education on postoperative outcomes, and there have been no meta-analyses focusing solely on preoperative education for patients with cancer.

Objectives
To identify the magnitude and direction of the effects of preoperative education and to investigate the influence of moderators on postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing cancer-related surgery.

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted following the Cochrane guidelines. Electronic databases were searched until October 2019 using Cochrane database, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL for randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies on preoperative education interventions. Ten studies with 45 effect sizes were analyzed in this meta-analysis, and the standardized mean difference was calculated based on Hedges’ g as an effect size.

Results
Meta-analysis showed that the overall effect size of preoperative education was moderate. Preoperative education improved cancer patients’ knowledge and satisfaction and reduced pain. The effects of preoperative education were greater in younger age groups when delivered using verbal or combined educational methods.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis demonstrated the importance of preoperative educational interventions not only in terms of their surgery-related cognitive aspects but also in terms of the physical and psychological aspects linked to the cancer surgery.

Implications for Practice
Interventions to provide the most effective preoperative education for patients with cancer in the hospital setting are required, and this information can be used to develop evidence-based education strategies for patients undergoing cancer-related surgery.
Hispanic Children Hospitalized With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Are at Increased Risk of Pancreatitis
Authors: Savage Beth , Cole Peter D. , Lin Haiqun , Thomas-Hawkins Charlotte 
Published: August 2020

Background
There have been remarkable advances in overall survival following the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood, but toxicities, including pancreatitis, remain a concern. Pancreatitis occurs early in therapy, before extensive exposure to the chemotherapy agents associated with its development, indicating there are underlying risk factors for some children. The role of race/ethnicity in treatment-related pancreatitis has not been well established.

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between race/ethnicity and pancreatitis in children hospitalized with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the United States in 2016.

Methods
This was an analysis of a nationally representative database of pediatric hospitalizations. The sample consisted of 21 775 records with documentation of the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Statistical methods included descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses using the χ
2 test, and multilevel logistic regression models.

Results
Pancreatitis was documented in 1.6% of hospital discharges. Compared with white children, Hispanic children were at increased risk of pancreatitis during hospitalization (P = .002). There were no differences among black (P = .469), Asian (P = .364), or other-race children (P = .937).

Conclusions
Hispanic children hospitalized with acute lymphoblastic leukemia are at greater risk of pancreatitis than white children. Reasons for this disparity are likely due to both genetic and social factors.

Implications for Practice
Nurses must be active participants in the research process with the goal of enrolling patients with diverse backgrounds in clinical trials. Inclusive research will provide increased understanding of a holistic toxicity risk profile.
Complete Blood Count Collected Via Venipuncture Versus Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter in Hematological Patients
Authors: Ponticelli Elena , Clari Marco , Volpes Martina , Valenti Laura , Angioni Marco , Granero Daniele , Bert Mattia , Conti Alessio , Campagna Sara 
Published: August 2020

Background
The use of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) in cancer care is increasing over traditional central venous catheters. Nurses frequently collect blood by venipuncture when a PICC is inserted, as there is no available evidence to confirm the reliability of blood tests collected through PICCs in adults.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the reliability of blood samples for complete blood count (CBC) obtained through PICCs as an alternative to venipuncture.

Methods
A cross-sectional design was used to recruit adult hematological patients. The blood samples were collected within 5 minutes of each other by a specialist nurse. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet count were evaluated. To determine method comparison, Passing-Bablok regression, test of linearity, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman plots were used.

Results
Thirty paired blood samples were collected in 29 hematological patients with a mean age of 66.8 years. A statistical difference was found for hemoglobin (P = .001) and hematocrit (P = .001) levels, but no clinical difference. The regression models revealed no systematic differences and no proportional differences with a linear relationship between the methods. Bland-Altman plots highlighted a good agreement between methods.

Conclusion
Blood samples for CBC drawn by PICCs are as reliable as those collected via venipuncture. Blood sampling via PICC could be recommended in people with hematological malignancies in needs of frequent blood tests.

Implications for Practice
Sampling through a PICC provides reliable laboratory results for CBC, and it could reduce patients’ discomfort and increase the safety of professionals reducing the risk of accidental percutaneous needlestick injuries.
Measuring Virtual Reality Headset Resolution and Field of View: Implications for Vision Care Applications
Authors: Lynn Marissa Howard , Luo Gang , Tomasi Matteo , Pundlik Shrinivas , E. Houston Kevin 
Published: August 2020

SIGNIFICANCE
To judge the feasibility of virtual reality (VR) headsets for vision testing and treatment of binocular vision disorders and low vision, angular resolution (logMAR) and field of view must be known and may not be reliably provided. This is the first study to measure the limitations of VR systems for eye care applications.

PURPOSE
This study aimed to measure, in a sample of VR headsets, lens power and other physical and optical characteristics needed to calculate minimum angular resolution in logMAR and field of view in determining feasibility for vision applications.

METHODS
Lens power and horizontal display size were measured, and logMAR, field of view, and maximum convergence demand were calculated for two standalone VR devices, Oculus Rift DK2 and HTC Vive, and, for four smartphone VR headsets, Zeiss VR1, Samsung Gear VR, VR Box, and SunnyPeak, each paired with four high-resolution smartphones, Samsung Galaxy S7/S8, iPhone X, and LG VR30.

RESULTS
On average, the smallest letter that could be displayed in VR was 0.55 ± 0.17 (20/71), ranging from 0.79 (20/123) in the DK2 to 0.28 (20/39) in SunnyPeak with S7. Mean field of view was 67.1 ± 18.0°, ranging from 39.6° in the SunnyPeak with S7 to 85.6° in the HTC Vive. The mean field of view when used as a low vision aid was 30.8° and 16.9° for 2.2× and 4×, respectively. The mean maximum near convergence demand produced for a 60-mm interpupillary distance was 68.2 ± 32.9Δ.

CONCLUSIONS
The minimum angular resolution in logMAR of current VR technology is insufficient for visual acuity testing and may be insufficient for standalone treatment of amblyopia. Field of view may be less than that reported by manufacturers but adequate for some types of visual field testing and similar to existing telescopic low vision aids. Use for vergence testing and training is a concern for headsets with long eye-to-screen distance when interpupillary distance <60 mm.
Effect of Pain Education, Cryotherapy, and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on the Pain, Functional Capacity, and Quality of Life in Patients With Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Caldas Vinicius Vieira de Alencar , Maciel Daniel Germano , Cerqueira Mikhail Santos , Barboza Jean Artur Mendonça , Neto João Batista Viana , Dantas Glauko , de Melo Ronan Romeno Varela , de Souza Rachel Naara Silva , Vieira Wouber Herickson de Brito 
Published: August 2020

Objective
The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of pain education and the combined use of cryotherapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on the pain sensation, functional capacity, and quality of life of patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain.

Design
This is a randomized controlled and blind clinical trial including patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain in the following 4 groups: control group, cryotherapy group, burst transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation group, and cryotherapy combined with burst transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation group. They were evaluated at baseline and after the protocol was concluded using the following: Roland-Morris questionnaire and sit-to-stand test; quality-of-life questionnaire; and pain. The protocol consisted of 10 sessions with pain education associated the combination of the electrophysical agents.

Results
There were no statistical differences between groups after the intervention protocol. In the within analysis, all groups presented an improvement in visual analog scale scores, Roland-Morris questionnaire, sit-to-stand test, and pain domain of quality-of-life questionnaire.

Conclusions
This study showed that with pain education, there was no difference between cryotherapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation alone, combined, or placebo mode in improving pain, functional capacity, and quality of life in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain.