bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can loss of agency and oppositional perturbation associated with antidepressant monotherapy and low-fidelity psychological treatment dilute the benefits of guideline-consistent depression treatment at the population level?
Authors: Ormel Johan , Bosker Fokko J. , Hollon Steven D. , Ruhe Henricus G. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Despite major expansions of evidence-based treatments of common mental disorders in recent decades, especially antidepressant medication, the point prevalence of depression has not decreased; instead it probably increased in young adults. We question whether antidepressants (AD)-monotherapy and low-fidelity-to-guideline psychological treatment (PT) might have no effect or even adverse effects in some patients and contexts that dilute the benefits of treatment at the population level, making it harder for population-based studies to detect treatment-driven prevalence reductions. Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT)s have not identified these effects because AD-monotherapy and low-fidelity PT are uncommon in RCTs where treatment protocols are specified and carefully monitored, unlike treatment in real-world settings. Second, RCTs may have missed the bigger picture of ultimate outcomes due to too short follow-ups. We elaborate two mechanisms through which AD-monotherapy and low-fidelity PT could produce adverse effects on long-term illness course. Both mechanisms are speculative and we outline how to test.
Clinical Pan-Cancer Assessment of Mismatch Repair Deficiency Using Tumor-Only, Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Albayrak Adem , Garrido-Castro Ana C. , Giannakis Marios , Umeton Renato , Manam Monica Devi , Stover Elizabeth H. , Porter Rebecca L. , Johnson Bruce E. , Liaw Kai-Li , Amonkar Mayur , Church Alanna J. , Janeway Katherine A. , Nowak Jonathan A. , Sholl Lynette , Lin Nancy U. , Johnson Jason M. 
Published: September 2020

PURPOSE Given regulatory approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with mismatch repair–deficient (MMR-D) cancers agnostic to tumor type, it has become important to characterize occurrence of MMR-D and develop cost-effective screening approaches. Using a next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel (OncoPanel), we developed an algorithm to identify MMR-D frequency in tumor samples and applied it in a clinical setting with pathologist review. METHODS To predict MMR-D, we adapted methods described previously for use in NGS panels, which assess patterns of single base-pair insertion or deletion events occurring in homopolymer regions. Tumors assayed with OncoPanel between July 2013 and July 2018 were included. For tumors tested after June 2017, sequencing results were presented to pathologists in real time for clinical MMR determination, in the context of tumor mutation burden, other mutational signatures, and clinical data. RESULTS Of 20,301 tumors sequenced, 2.7% (553) were retrospectively classified as MMR-D by the algorithm. Of 4,404 samples with pathologist sign-out of MMR status, the algorithm classified 147 (3.3%) as MMR-D: in 116 cases, MMR-D was confirmed by a pathologist, five cases were overruled by the pathologist, and 26 were assessed as indeterminate. Overall, the highest frequencies of OncoPanel-inferred MMR-D were in endometrial (21%; 152/723), colorectal (9.7%; 169/1,744), and small bowel (9.3%; 9/97) cancers. When algorithm predictions were compared with historical MMR immunohistochemistry or polymerase chain reaction results in a set of 325 tumors sequenced before initiation of pathologist assessment, the overall sensitivity and specificity of the algorithm were 91.1% and 98.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION We show that targeted, tumor-only NGS can be leveraged to determine MMR signatures across tumor types, suggesting that broader biomarker screening approaches may have clinical value.
Pursuing Medicaid Block Grants with the Healthy Adult Opportunity Initiative: Dressing Up Old Ideas in New Clothes
Authors: Miller Edward Alan , Huberfeld Nicole , Jones David K. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Trump administration's Healthy Adult Opportunity waiver follows a long history of Republican attempts to retrench the Medicaid program through block grants and to markedly reduce federal spending while providing states with substantially greater flexibility over program structure. Previous block grant proposals were promulgated during the presidential administrations of Ronald Reagan and George W. Bush and majorities in Congress led by House Speaker Newt Gingrich and House Budget Committee Chair and then Speaker Paul Ryan. Most recently, Medicaid block grants featured prominently in Republican efforts to repeal and replace the Affordable Care Act. This essay traces the history of Republican Medicaid block grant proposals, culminating in the Trump administration's Healthy Adult Opportunity initiative. It concludes that the Trump administration's attempt to convert Medicaid into a block grant program through the waiver process is illegal and, if implemented, would leave thousands of people without necessary medical care. This fact, combined with failed legislative efforts to block grant Medicaid during the last forty years, highlights the substantial roadblocks to radically restructuring a popular program that helps millions of Americans.
A novel mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy carrying a multi-exonic Dmd deletion exhibits progressive muscular dystrophy and early-onset cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wong Tatianna Wai Ying , Ahmed Abdalla , Yang Grace , Maino Eleonora , Steiman Sydney , Hyatt Elzbieta , Chan Parry , Lindsay Kyle , Wong Nicole , Golebiowski Diane , Schneider Joel , Delgado-Olguín Paul , Ivakine Evgueni A. , Cohn Ronald D. 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a life-threatening neuromuscular disease caused by the lack of dystrophin, resulting in progressive muscle wasting and locomotor dysfunctions. By adulthood, almost all patients also develop cardiomyopathy, which is the primary cause of death in DMD. Although there has been extensive effort in creating animal models to study treatment strategies for DMD, most fail to recapitulate the complete skeletal and cardiac disease manifestations that are presented in affected patients. Here, we generated a mouse model mirroring a patient deletion mutation of exons 52-54 (Dmd Δ52-54). The Dmd Δ52-54 mutation led to the absence of dystrophin, resulting in progressive muscle deterioration with weakened muscle strength. Moreover, Dmd Δ52-54 mice present with early-onset hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which is absent in current pre-clinical dystrophin-deficient mouse models. Therefore, Dmd Δ52-54 presents itself as an excellent pre-clinical model to evaluate the impact on skeletal and cardiac muscles for both mutation-dependent and -independent approaches.
Workplace exposure to carbon dioxide during routine laparoscopy – is it safe?
Authors: af Petersens Malin , Andersson Fenger-Krog Fritiof , Jakobsson Jan G. 
Published: September 2020

Background: Minimally invasive surgeries have increased dramatically during the last decades. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the gas used for insufflation during laparoscopies, creating space and visibility. The CO2 leaks into ambient air through ports where instruments are inserted. If the CO2 reaches a certain concentration it affects personnel health. There are national occupational exposure limits (OEL) for CO2, including a level limit value (LLV) of 5000 ppm. We are not aware of any previous studies addressing occupational exposure to CO2 during laparoscopies. The aim of this study was to assess the compliance to national OELs for CO2 during laparoscopies. Methods: A gas detector was placed in the breathing zone of personnel in the operating theatre. The detector measured CO2 concentrations every tenth minute during laparoscopies in three locations. Results: During 27 laparoscopies, the measured CO2 reached a maximum concentration of 1100 ppm, less than one fourth of the LLV. Median CO2 concentration was 700 ppm. Conclusion: Results show that the occupational exposure to CO2 during laparoscopies is well below set OELs. Our findings support personnel safety associated with routine use of CO2 during laparoscopies.
Um Estudo sobre Denúncias de Violência Registradas no Disque 100 - Pessoas com Deficiência
Authors: Lima Márcia De , Maia Luciana Maria 
Published: September 2020

As pessoas com deficiência, quando comparadas a seus pares sem deficiência, são mais vulneráveis a sofrerem violência. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar os dados relativos às denúncias de violência contra pessoas com deficiência disponibilizados pelo Disque Direitos Humanos - Disque 100. Utilizou-se como fonte de dados o Disque 100 - Balanço Anual 2017 - Pessoas com Deficiência, sendo analisados os dados referentes à agressão (frequência, tipo de violação e local); às características da vítima (deficiência, etnia, idade e sexo) e dos agressores (relação com a vítima, idade, sexo e etnia); quem foi o denunciante. Verificou-se um número considerável de denúncias entre os anos de 2011 e 2017 (M=8800, dp=2879), sendo que a maior parte dos casos (35,8%) foi de negligência (abandono, alimentação, amparo, higiene, medicamentos/assistência à saúde). As violações ocorreram no espaço privado do lar (85,6%) e as vítimas eram em sua maioria mulheres (52,8%), pardas (29,7%), com idade entre 18 a 50 anos (76,9%) e deficiência intelectual (65,8%). A maioria dos perpetradores era familiares (57,1%), homens (57,6%), com idade entre 18 a 50 anos (39,6%). Tal quadro sinaliza a necessidade de ações para a prevenção da violência cometidas contra pessoas com deficiência.
Biomechanical effect of tibial slope on the stability of medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in posterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees
Authors: Lee Jin-Ah , Koh Yong-Gon , Kim Paul Shinil , Kang Ki Won , Kwak Yoon Hae , Kang Kyoung-Tak 
Published: September 2020

Aims Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has become a popular method of treating knee localized osteoarthritis (OA). Additionally, the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is essential to maintaining the physiological kinematics and functions of the knee joint. Considering these factors, the purpose of this study was to investigate the biomechanical effects on PCL-deficient knees in medial UKA. Methods Computational simulations of five subject-specific models were performed for intact and PCL-deficient UKA with tibial slopes. Anteroposterior (AP) kinematics and contact stresses of the patellofemoral (PF) joint and the articular cartilage were evaluated under the deep-knee-bend condition. Results As compared to intact UKA, there was no significant difference in AP translation in PCL-deficient UKA with a low flexion angle, but AP translation significantly increased in the PCL-deficient UKA with high flexion angles. Additionally, the increased AP translation became decreased as the posterior tibial slope increased. The contact stress in the PF joint and the articular cartilage significantly increased in the PCL-deficient UKA, as compared to the intact UKA. Additionally, the increased posterior tibial slope resulted in a significant decrease in the contact stress on PF joint but significantly increased the contact stresses on the articular cartilage. Conclusion Our results showed that the posterior stability for low flexion activities in PCL-deficient UKA remained unaffected; however, the posterior stability for high flexion activities was affected. This indicates that a functional PCL is required to ensure normal stability in UKA. Additionally, posterior stability and PF joint may reduce the overall risk of progressive OA by increasing the posterior tibial slope. However, the excessive posterior tibial slope must be avoided. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2020;9(9):593–600.
Unambiguous measurement range and error tolerance in dual-wavelength interferometry
Authors: Guo Xiaoting , Liu Xiaojun , Lei Zili , Chen Cheng , Yang Wenjun 
Published: September 2020

In dual or multiwavelength interferometry, the traditional equivalent wavelength method is widely used for phase recovery to enlarge the unambiguous measurement range (UMR). In fact, however, this method ignores information of size and sign (positive or negative) of single wavelength wrapped phases, and the extension of the UMR is not sufficient. For the reflective measurement, the largest UMR of the dual or multiwavelength interferometry is half of the least-common multiple (LCM) of single wavelengths, called the LCM effective wavelength, which is often several times the equivalent wavelength. But why do we often use the equivalent wavelength and seldom use the larger UMR in practice? Existing research reveals that the actual UMR is related to the measurement error of single-wavelength-wrapped phases, and half of the LCM effective wavelength is only the theoretical value. But how do errors affect the UMR? We think the quantitative analysis and description are lacking. In this paper, we continue to study this problem, analyze it in a graphical method, and give quantitative descriptions. The simulation experiments are carried out and verify our analysis.
Research on multi-parameter characteristics of a PCF sensor modified by GO composite films
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Tong Zhengrong , Zhang Weihua , Liu Jingwei 
Published: September 2020

We propose a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor based on graphene oxide (GO) composite film modification to simultaneously measure the multi-parameter sensing characteristics of humidity, temperature, and glucose concentration. The GO-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite film is used to measure the humidity-sensing characteristics of the sensor, and the glucose oxidase composite film is used to measure the sensing characteristics of the glucose concentration, respectively. Experiment results show that the sensitivities of the temperature of the GO-PVA coating structure are 0.037 nm/°C, 0.047 nm/°C, and 0.031 nm/°C; the sensitivities of humidity are 0.059 nm/%RH, 0.121 nm/%RH, and 0.047 nm/%RH; and the sensitivities of the glucose concentration of the GO-GOD coating structure are 0.028 nm/(g/L), 0.049 nm/(g/L), and 0.010 nm/(g/L) for three interference dips, respectively. The structure is simple to manufacture and can be used as a sensor for detecting multiple parameters. It can be widely used in biomedicine, environmental monitoring, and other fields.
Phase-stable optical activity measurement by common-path spectral interferometry
Authors: Nishiyama Yoshio , Ishikawa Shoichi , Nagatani Hirohisa 
Published: September 2020

A robust optical activity (OA) spectrometer covering the visible and near-infrared regimes was designed and built via a combination of a linear polarizer and a birefringent plate. The OA spectrometer relies on common-path spectral interferometry, where the two interfering fields travel common optical paths, and ensures signal reproducibility over several hours. By detecting OA without polarization switching, the data acquisition time is shortened to 1 s, enabling real-time monitoring of the chiral complex formation. The present configuration also allows OA measurement with broadband pulses, which is promising for probing ultrafast circular dichroism and optical rotatory dispersion.
Dissipative soliton generation from a large anomalous dispersion ytterbium-doped fiber laser
Authors: Zhou Jiaqi , Qi Weiao , Pan Weiwei , Feng Yan 
Published: September 2020

Dissipative soliton (DS) is demonstrated in a large anomalous dispersion ytterbium-doped fiber laser. A chirped fiber Bragg grating is implemented into a figure-of-9 cavity to provide a large anomalous dispersion. A self-starting and stable DS operation is achieved with 3.5 nJ pulse energy and 12.9 ps pulse duration under a 26.4 MHz repetition rate. Numerical simulations reveal that the DSs presented here experience strong temporal, spectral, and chirp breathing in the cavity. Thanks to the characteristic chirp breathing, the output DS pulses can maintain a narrow spectral bandwidth of 0.17 nm. We believe that the laser design presented here has a lot of potential and could be an outstanding ultrafast seed laser solution for industrial applications including micromachining and hard-brittle material processing.
Kultura rojevanja na Goriškem v 20. stoletju
Authors: Kocijančič Neli , Prosen Mirko 
Published: September 2020

Uvod: Nosečnost in z njo povezan porod sta za žensko in njeno družino zelo pomembna in čustvena dogodka, ki s seboj prinašata veliko sprememb. Namen kvalitativne raziskave je bil skozi primere porodnih zgodb proučiti kulturo rojevanja na Goriškem v 20. stoletju.Metode: V raziskavi je bila uporabljena deskriptivna interpretativna metoda. Uporabljen je bil namenski vzorec šestih žensk. Najmlajša izmed sodelujočih je bila stara 66 let, najstarejša pa 95 let. Raziskava je potekala aprila 2019. Podatki so bili zbrani z delno strukturiranim intervjujem in analizirani s pomočjo metode analize vsebine.Rezultati: Identificirane so bile štiri teme: (1) spomini na porodno izkušnjo, (2) opis porodne izkušnje v resničnosti takratnega časa, (3) podporna vloga ožje in širše skupnosti v obporodni oskrbi in (4) determinacija zdravstvenega statusa skozi družbeni status. Pri porodnem dogodku doma so sodelovale babice in bližnje sorodnice, medtem ko so porodni dogodek v bolnišnici oblikovali zdravstveni delavci. Lajšanje porodne bolečine ni bilo v ospredju. Porod je potekal v hrbtnem položaju. Informacije o rojevanju so se prenašale od ene do druge ženske. Prva porodna izkušnja je prelomna za doživljanje poroda.Diskusija in zaključek: Porod in obporodno dogajanje sta v tistem času in prostoru v večji meri izpolnila pričakovanja žensk kljub nekaterim socialnim dejavnikom in pomanjkanju materialnih dobrin, ki jih v današnjem času prepoznavamo kot neobhodne.
Pregled publiciranja izbranih bibliografskih enot visokošolskih učiteljev strokovnih predmetov zdravstvene nege
Authors: Bregar Branko , Rašić Jure 
Published: September 2020

Uvod: Kakovost študijskih programov je povezana s strokovno in znanstveno usposobljenostjo visokošolskih učiteljev. Namen raziskave je bil pregledati publicistično aktivnost visokošolskih učiteljev izbranih strokovnih predmetov v visokošolskih institucijah za zdravstveno nego v Sloveniji.Metoda: Retrospektivno so bili pregledani javno dostopni podatki o publiciranju 76 visokošolskih učiteljev, nosilcev dvanajstih strokovnih predmetov v sedmih visokošolskih institucijah na področju zdravstvene nege, za obdobje 2010–2015. Podatki so prikazani z opisno statistiko.Rezultati: V prikazanem obdobju je bilo evidentiranih 4.337 enot publiciranja, na enega visokošolskega učitelja povprečno 57,32 (s = 59,05). Od tega je bilo največ mentorstev diplom (n = 2928, 67,30 %), najmanj izvirnih znanstvenih člankov (n = 268, 6,21 %), še manj preglednih znanstvenih člankov (n = 46, 1,10 %). Obstajajo razlike v publiciranju na splošno med fakultetami (χ2(2) = 14,272, p = 0,027), pri mentorstvih (χ2(2) = 16,767, p = 0,010), preglednih znanstvenih člankih (χ2(2) = 28,442, p < 0,001) uredništvih (χ2(2) = 17,870, p = 0,007).Diskusija in zaključek: Nosilci strokovnih predmetov zdravstvene nege kažejo različne aktivnosti na področju publiciranja bibliografskih enot. Visokošolske institucije naj spodbujajo visokošolske učitelje k publiciranju ter s tem pospešujejo njihov strokovni in znanstveni razvoj. Publiciranje znanstvenih bibliografskih enot bi bilo smiselno dodati tudi merilom za habilitacijo v naziv predavatelja.
Analisis Implementasi Program Penanggulangan Gizi Buruk Di Puskesmas Wilayah Kerja Dinas Kesehatan Kota Sorong Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Ismail Zaenab , Kartasurya Martha Irene , Mawarni Atik 
Published: September 2020

The prevalence of under-five children with severe malnutrition in Sorong city West Papua in 2008, 2009 and 2010 consecutively was 3.59%, 1.1% and 1.9%. Implementation of a program could be influenced by many factors such as communication, resources, disposition and bureaucracy factors. The objective of this study was to know the implementation of severe malnutrition control program at primary healthcare centers (puskesmas) in the working area of Sorong city health office West Papua in 2010. This was a qualitative study with cross sectional approach. Data was collected through in-depth interview using interview guideline. There were 5 primary healthcare centers studied with program executors as main informants. Triangulation informants were family or parents of under-five children with severe malnutrition, head of puskesmas and head of nutrition section of Sorong city health office West Papua province. Results of the study showed implementation of the program had not run according to the standard of implementation from the Ministry of Health. It was caused by not optimal communication that was done by Sorong city health office through program socialization. The availability of resources such as human resource to implement the program was insufficient. Only those who had nutrition educational background implemented the program and other workers were not involved in the program. There was no nutrition care team in all puskesmas. Additionally, the majority of the workers had not received training yet. Management of program funding was not according to the unit cost. Facilities were inappropriate and there was still improper puskesmas. The executor workers were needed for implementing the program; unfortunately due to less transparency and socialization, commitment was also low. No authority or standard operating procedure (SOP) given by Sorong city health office to puskesmas. In addition there was no supervision to the nutrition program workers. It was concluded that the implementation of severe malnutrition control program in Puskesmas in the working area of Sorong city health office West Papua province was not optimal. It was suggested to Sorong city health office to improve socialization about severe malnutrition control program to all program executors including heads of puskesmas in the working area of Sorong city health office; to create nutrition care and training teams. Funding allocation should be given to the right target and facilities should be completed. Supervision, monitoring and evaluation were done continuously.