bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MEIS-WNT5A axis regulates development of 4thventricle choroid plexus
Authors: Kaiser Karol , Jang Ahram , Lun Melody P. , Procházka Jan , Machon Ondrej , Procházková Michaela , Laurent Benoit , Gyllborg Daniel , van Amerongen Renée , Kompaníková Petra , Wu Feizhen , Barker Roger A. , Uramová Ivana , Sedláček Radislav , Kozmík Zbyněk , Arenas Ernest , Lehtinen Maria K. , Bryja Vítězslav 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTThe choroid plexus (ChP) produces cerebrospinal fluid and forms a critical barrier between the brain and the circulation. While the ChP forms in each brain ventricle, it adopts a different shape in each one and remarkably little is known about the mechanisms underlying its development. Here, we show that epithelial WNT5A is critical for determining fourth ventricle (4V) ChP morphogenesis and size. SystemicWnt5aknockout, or forced WNT5A overexpression beginning at E10.5, profoundly reduced the size and development of ChP in all ventricles. However, conditional deletion ofWnt5aexpression inFoxj1-expressing epithelial cells affected only the branched, villous morphology of the 4V ChP. We found that WNT5A was enriched in epithelial cells localized to the distal tips of 4V ChP villi, where WNT5A acted locally to activate non-canonical Wnt signaling via Ror1/Ror2 receptors. During 4V ChP development, MEIS1 bound to the proximalWnt5apromoter, and gain- and loss-of-function approaches demonstrated that MEIS1 regulatedWnt5aexpression. Collectively, our findings demonstrate a dual function of WNT5A in ChP development and identify MEIS1 and MEIS2 as upstream regulators ofWnt5ain the 4V ChP epithelium.
Cadherin-13 is a critical regulator of GABAergic modulation in human stem cell derived neuronal networks
Authors: Mossink Britt , van Rhijn Jon-Ruben , Wang Shan , van Hugte Eline J. H. , Linda Katrin , Bak Jitske , Verboven Anouk H. A. , Selten Martijn , Anania Alessia , Jansen Sophie , Keller Jason M. , Gunnewiek Teun Klein , Schoenmaker Chantal , Oudakker Astrid , Frega Monica , van Bokhoven Hans , Schubert Dirk , Kasri Nael Nadif 
Published: May 2020

SummaryActivity in the healthy brain relies on concerted interplay of excitation (E) and inhibition (I) via balanced synaptic communication between glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons. A growing number of studies imply that disruption of this E/I balance is a commonality in many brain disorders, however, obtaining mechanistic insight into these disruptions, with translational value for the human patient, has typically been hampered by methodological limitations.Cadherin-13(CDH13) has strongly been associated to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and comorbid disorders such as autism and schizophrenia. CDH13 localises at inhibitory presynapses, specifically of parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SST) expressing GABAergic neurons. However, the mechanism by which CDH13 regulates the function of inhibitory synapses in human neurons remains unknown. Starting from human induced pluripotent stem cells, we established a robust method to generate a homogenous population of SST and PV expressing GABAergic neurons (iGABA)in vitro, and co-cultured these with glutamatergic neurons at defined E/I ratios on micro-electrode arrays. We identified functional network parameters that are most reliably affected by GABAergic modulation as such, and through alterations of E/I balance by reduced expression of CDH13 in iGABAs. We found that CDH13-deficiency in iGABAs decreased E/I balance by means of increased inhibition. Moreover, CDH13 interacts with Integrin-β1 and Integrin-β3, which play opposite roles in the regulation of inhibitory synaptic strength via this interaction. Taken together, this model allows for standardized investigation of the E/I balance in a human neuronal background and can be deployed to dissect the cell-type specific contribution of disease genes to the E/I balance.
A simple RNA preparation method for SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-qPCR
Authors: Wozniak Aniela , Cerda Ariel , Ibarra-Henriquez Catalina , Sebastian Valentina , Armijo Grace , Lamig Liliana , Miranda Carolina , Lagos Marcela , Solari Sandra , Guzmán Ana María , Quiroga Teresa , Hitschfeld Susan , Riveras Eleodoro , Ferres Marcela , Gutiérrez Rodrigo A. , García Patricia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe technique RT-qPCR for viral RNA detection is the current worldwide strategy used for early detection of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. RNA extraction is a key pre-analytical step in RT-qPCR, often achieved using commercial kits. However, the magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic is causing disruptions to the global supply chains used by many diagnostic laboratories to procure the commercial kits required for RNA extraction. Shortage in these essential reagents is even more acute in developing countries with no means to produce kits locally. We sought to find an alternative procedure to replace commercial kits using common reagents found in molecular biology laboratories. Here we report a method for RNA extraction that takes about 40 min to complete ten samples, and is not more laborious than current commercial RNA extraction kits. We demonstrate that this method can be used to process nasopharyngeal swab samples and yields RT-qPCR results comparable to those obtained with commercial kits. Most importantly, this procedure can be easily implemented in any molecular diagnostic laboratory. Frequent testing is crucial for individual patient management as well as for public health decision making in this pandemic. Implementation of this method could maintain crucial testing going despite commercial kit shortages.
Shoot and root thermomorphogenesis are linked by a developmental trade-off
Authors: Gaillochet Christophe , Burko Yogev , Platre Matthieu Pierre , Zhang Ling , Simura Jan , Kumar Vinod , Ljung Karin , Chory Joanne , Busch Wolfgang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTemperature is one of the most impactful environmental factors to which plants adjust their growth and development. While the regulation of temperature signaling has been extensively investigated for the aerial part of plants, much less is known and understood about how roots sense and modulate their growth in response to fluctuating temperatures. Here we found that shoot and root growth responses to high ambient temperature are coordinated during early seedling development. A shoot signaling module that includes HY5, the phytochromes and the PIFs exerts a central function in coupling these growth responses and control auxin levels in the root. In addition to the HY5/PIF-dependent shoot module, a regulatory axis composed of auxin biosynthesis and auxin perception factors controls root responses to high ambient temperature. Together, our findings show that shoot and root developmental responses to temperature are tightly coupled during thermomorphogenesis and suggest that roots integrate energy signals with local hormonal inputs.
Controlling invasive plant species in ecological restoration: A global review
Authors: Weidlich Emanuela W. A. , Flórido Flávia G. , Sorrini Taísi B. , Brancalion Pedro H. S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Invasive plant species can hinder the establishment and growth of native plants and impact several ecosystem properties, such as soil cover, nutrient cycling, fire regimes and hydrology. Controlling invasive plants is then a necessary, yet usually expensive, step towards the restoration of an ecosystem. A synthesis of literature is needed to understand variation in invasive plants' impacts and their practical control in restoration contexts, and to identify associated knowledge gaps.

We reviewed 372 articles published from 2000 to 2019 covering the control of undesirable plants (both exotic invasive and overabundant native plant species) in ecological restoration to gather information on the main plants being controlled and methods used, and considering the distribution of studies among biomes and countries grouped according to the Human Development Index (HDI).

Grasses and forbs were the most‐studied invasive plant species in restoration sites, but invasive trees were well studied in the tropics. Poaceae and Asteraceae were the most studied families of invasive plants. Non‐chemical interventions (mostly mowing and prescribed fire) were used in more than half of the reviewed studies globally, but chemical methods (mainly glyphosate spraying, used in 40% of projects using herbicides) are also common. The reviewed studies were mostly performed in countries with very high HDI. Countries with low and medium HDI used only non‐chemical methods.

Synthesis and applications. Decisions about which control method to use depend heavily on the invasive plant species' growth forms, the local economic situation where the restoration sites are located and resources available for control. More developed countries tend to use more chemical control, whereas less developed ones use mainly non‐chemical methods. Since most of the reviewed studies were performed in countries with very high HDI, we lack information from developing countries, which concentrates global hotspots for biodiversity conservation and global commitments of forest and landscape restoration.
Landscape genetic analyses reveal host association of mitochondrial haplotypes in the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis
Authors: Dong Zhaoke , Li Chao , Zhang Qingqing , Li Lili , Lu Zengbin , Ouyang Fang , Song Yingying , Yu Yi , Men Xingyuan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCrop expansion often leads to high pest pressure. These pests may have fitness trade‐offs related to host use, and some host‐associated genotypes may benefit and increase in frequency. However, evidence concerning the effect of host availability on spatial distribution and frequency of mitochondrial haplotypes is scarce. We studied genetic variation of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), across a large area during 2 years (2016 and 2017). Mitochondrial sequence data were obtained from 530 individuals collected from 79 locations in Shandong Province, China. In total, 155 haplotypes were found based on the combined cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and COII genes. Three haplotypes (H2, H12, and H23) were dominant, whereas most of the other haplotypes occurred in low frequency. A haplotype network showed that the 155 haplotypes can be grouped into three clusters. Haplotype clusters seemed to be randomly distributed. The frequency of H12 (in Cluster 1) was positively correlated with maize crop proportion, but negatively correlated with other crops (primarily vegetables, oilseed crops, and cotton) at all spatial scales (1‐, 3‐, and 5‐km radius). Cluster 2 had haplotype H23, and this cluster was negatively correlated with semi‐natural habitats. Cluster 3 had no dominant haplotype and was not affected by landscape factors. We conclude that H12 may be a maize‐associated haplotype. Further study is needed to verify the possibility that the carriers of this haplotype may possess some fitness trade‐offs. Our study highlights the importance of host availability in O. furnacalis haplotype distribution and frequency.
Association between serum biomarkers CEA and LDH and response in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer patients treated with platinum‐based chemotherapy
Authors: de Jong Corine , Deneer Vera H.M. , Kelder Johannes C. , Ruven Henk , Egberts Toine C.G. , Herder Gerarda J.M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn addition to radiological evaluation, biomarkers may be useful in providing early information on the response to treatment, and supporting clinical decision‐making. The objective of this study was to investigate carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as biomarkers for early assessment of response in patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with platinum‐based chemotherapy.MethodsA retrospective follow‐up study was conducted from 2012 to 2017 among 593 consecutive patients with advanced NSCLC treated with first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy in a large teaching hospital in the Netherlands. Pretreatment biomarker levels and changes from pretreatment levels were studied for association with radiologic response (partial response [PR] or complete response [CR], according to RECIST 1.1) using multivariate logistic regression, and with overall survival using COX proportional hazard modeling. Patient and disease characteristics such as age and disease stage were taken into account as potential confounding factors.ResultsDecreases in CEA and LDH (≥ 20%), particularly early in treatment, were significantly associated with better radiological response. Increases in these biomarkers (≥ 20%) and high pretreatment LDH levels (≥ 247 U/L) were significantly associated with lower overall survival.ConclusionsOur results support determination of CEA and LDH levels for earlier assessment of response to platinum‐based chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC. Hence, routine determination and evaluation of CEA and LDH levels, prior to each cycle of platinum‐based chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC, should be considered as part of daily clinical practice.Key pointsSignificant findings of the study
Serum biomarkers in monitoring of treatment in advanced NSCLC would be useful.
CEA and LDH decrease (≥ 20%) is favorable for achieving radiological response.
High LDH levels and CEA/LDH increase (≥ 20%) is associated with reduced survival.
What this study adds
Monitoring of CEA seems to be particularly relevant in early stage of treatment.
CEA and LDH determination should be considered as part of daily clinical practice.
Testosterone replacement therapy: Pre‐treatment sex hormone‐binding globulin levels and age may identify clinical subgroups
Authors: Ramachandran Sudarshan , Hackett Geoffrey I. , Strange Richard C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundTestosterone replacement therapy (TRT) improves health in some but not all men with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and adult‐onset testosterone deficiency (TD). Such heterogeneity is compatible with the concept of patient subgroups that respond differently to therapy.ObjectivesUse baseline SHBG and age to identify putative subgroups that demonstrate different responses in variables such as waist circumference and HbA1c following TRT.Materials and methodsA randomized double‐blind trial approach was used to recruit and randomize men with T2DM and adult‐onset TD into placebo and TRT‐treated groups. Multiple regression was used to study differences between groups.ResultsBaseline SHBG and change in SHBG (∆SHBG) were inversely related in the TRT group. Both median values of SHBG and age mediated the effect of TRT on ∆SHBG depending on whether baseline values were ≤ or>median (28.1 nmol/L, 63 years, respectively). In men with both SHBG ≤ 28.1 nmol/L and age ≤ 63 years (subgroup 1), TRT was positively associated with ∆SHBG (c = 4.67, 95%CI 1.17‐8.16, P = .010) while in those with SHBG > 28.1 nmol/L and age > 63.1 years (subgroup 4) the association was inverse (c = −7.07, 95%CI −11.64 to −2.49, P = .003). The association between TRT and change (∆) in waist circumference, HbA1c and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) score differed between subgroups; in subgroup 4 but not subgroup 1, the therapy was significantly associated with ∆waist circumference, ∆HbA1c and ∆IIEF.DiscussionThough the mechanism remains unclear, our finding of different responses to TRT in terms of change in waist circumference, HbA1c and IIEF score supports the concept of subgroups in men with T2DM and adult‐onset TD.ConclusionOur approach may provide a basis for identifying men who will or will not derive benefit from TRT though a larger study is required.
A disease‐specific decline of the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium in patients with autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Liwinski Timur , Casar Christian , Ruehlemann Malte C. , Bang Corinna , Sebode Marcial , Hohenester Simon , Denk Gerald , Lieb Wolfgang , Lohse Ansgar W. , Franke Andre , Schramm Christoph 
Published: May 2020

SummaryBackgroundThe pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is poorly understood and little is known about enteric microbiota in AIH.AimTo investigate disease‐specific microbiome alterations in AIH.MethodsThe V1‐V2 variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced in faecal samples from 347 patients with AIH and controls (AIH n = 72, healthy controls (HC) n = 95, primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) n = 99 and ulcerative colitis (UC) n = 81).ResultsBiodiversity (Shannon entropy) was decreased in AIH patients compared to HC (P = 0.016), which was partially reversed by azathioprine (P = 0.011). Regarding between‐sample diversity, AIH patients separated from HC, PBC and UC individuals (all P = 0.001). Compared to HC, decreased relative abundance of anaerobic genera such as Faecalibacterium and an increase of Veillonella and the facultative anaerobic genera Streptococcus and Lactobacillus were detected. Importantly, a disease‐specific decline of relative abundance of Bifidobacterium was observed in AIH patients. Lack of Bifidobacterium was associated with failure to achieve remission of AIH (P < 0.001). Of potential therapeutic implication, Bifidobacterium abundance correlated with average protein intake (P < 0.001). Random forests classification between AIH and PBC on the microbiome signature yielded an area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.787 in the training cohort, and an AUC of 0.849 in an external validation cohort.ConclusionDisease‐specific faecal microbial alterations were identified in patients with AIH. Intestinal dysbiosis in AIH was characterised by a decline of Bifidobacterium, which was associated with increased disease activity. These results point to the contribution of intestinal microbiota to AIH pathogenesis and to novel therapeutic targets.
Association between dental pain and oral health‐related quality of life in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Barasuol Jéssica Copetti , Santos Pablo Silveira , Moccelini Bárbara Suelen , Magno Marcela Baraúna , Bolan Michele , Martins‐Júnior Paulo Antônio , Maia Lucianne Cople , Cardoso Mariane 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to determine the impact of dental pain on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) in children and adolescents.MethodsElectronic and manual searches were performed with no restrictions of language or year of publication. The PECO strategy was used to identify observational studies involving participants up to 19 years of age with dental pain and to those without dental pain to determine the impact of this condition on OHRQoL. The methodological quality of the studies was appraised using the Fowkes and Fulton checklist. Meta‐analysis was conducted by subgroups, based on OHRQoL questionnaires and effect measures. The quality of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach.ResultsSixteen studies were included in the systematic review and fourteen in the meta‐analysis. The methodological quality of four of these studies was considered poor. The pooled results of the subgroup analysis (SOHO‐5, B‐ECOHIS and Child‐OIDP) showed that children with dental pain had a 3.64‐fold greater chance of a negative impact on OHRQoL ([log] 95% CI: 2.80‐4.72; I20%; P < .001). The second meta‐analysis (Child‐OIDP, SOHO‐5 and CPQ8‐10) demonstrated statistical significance (SMD 0.79; 95% CI: 0.43‐1.16; I292%; P < .001), as did the pooled results considering the B‐ECOHIS ([log] OR 7.75; 95% CI: 4.59‐13.11; I284%; P < .001). The certainty of evidence in all meta‐analyses was low.ConclusionsAlthough the quality of the evidence is low, dental pain has a negative impact on OHRQoL.
Framing consumer food demand responses in a viral pandemic
Authors: Cranfield John A. L. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper I explore several issues related to how the COVID‐19 pandemic might impact consumer demand for food. These impacts relate to the structure of preferences in the context of a pandemic, income and time constraints, and price effects. Discussion includes accounting for differential impacts of COVID‐19 on demand for food across sociodemographic characteristics, and several high‐level issues and observations related to where and how consumers shop and what they buy. My own thinking leads me to conclude that demand‐side factors will account for most of the changes we see in retail food market. These demand‐side effects will be dominated by income effects, the opportunity cost of time, and longer planning horizons on the part of consumers.
Linking data from a large clinical trial with the Australian Cerebral Palsy Register
Authors: Shepherd Emily , Mcintyre Sarah , Smithers‐Sheedy Hayley , Ashwood Pat , Sullivan Thomas R , te Velde Anna , Doyle Lex W , Makrides Maria , Middleton Philippa , Crowther Caroline A 
Published: May 2020

AimTo link data from a large maternal perinatal trial with the Australian Cerebral Palsy Register (ACPR) to identify children with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodDeidentified data from the Australasian Collaborative Trial of Magnesium Sulphate (ACTOMgSO4) and the ACPR were linked. Children born from 1996 to 2000 at Australian hospitals who survived and had 2‐year paediatric assessments were included. Children identified with CP in: (1) both the ACTOMgSO4 (2y) and the ACPR (5y), (2) the ACTOMgSO4 only, and (3) the ACPR only were compared.ResultsWe included 913 children (492 males, 421 females; mean gestational age at birth 27.8wks [standard deviation 2.1wks]; range 23.0–40.0wks). Eighty‐four children received a CP diagnosis: 35 by the ACTOMgSO4 and the ACPR, 29 by the ACTOMgSO4 only, and 20 by the ACPR only. The ACTOMgSO4 diagnosed 76.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 65.9–84.1) and the ACPR identified 65.5% (95% CI 54.7–74.9). Children born in states/territories with long‐standing versus more recently established registers were more likely to be included on the ACPR (p<0.05).InterpretationLinking deidentified perinatal trial data with the ACPR was achieved. Limitations of both strategies for identifying children with CP in this era (late 1990s and early 2000s) probably explain many of the differences observed, and inform future linkage studies and evaluations of CP‐preventive interventions.What this paper adds

Randomized trial data were linked with the Australian Cerebral Palsy Register.
Trial (2y) and register (up to 5y) diagnoses of cerebral palsy (CP) differed.
States with long‐standing registers were more likely to include children with CP.
In‐hospital management of persons with haemophilia and COVID‐19: Practical guidance
Authors: Hermans Cedric , Lambert Catherine , Sogorb Amaury , Wittebole Xavier , Belkhir Leila , Yombi Jean Cyr 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA new disease (COVID‐19) caused by a coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2) that appeared in China at the end of 2019 is currently spreading globally. This emerging virus is mainly responsible for respiratory tract infections and potentially fatal pneumonia, mainly in more frail patients. Persons with haemophilia of variable severity and from all parts of the world will likely be infected and develop COVID‐19.We here propose practical guidance for the in‐hospital specific management of haemophilia persons with COVID‐19 including their possible transfer to the intensive care unit.Rapid identification of the haemophilia status, undelayed and regular liaison with the haemophilia team, proper therapy with factor concentrates or alternative treatments appear instrumental to prevent haemophilia‐related complications in this setting. Information of patients and their families about COVID‐19, psychological support and good appreciation of the impact of haemophilia on therapeutic decisions including end‐of‐life directives are also addressed.
Increased heart rate due to supra‐ventricular tachycardia triggering premature ventricular contraction
Authors: Nakashima Takashi , Vlachos Konstantinos , Krisai Philipp , Jaïs Pierre 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe describe a case wherein the presence of premature ventricular contractions was related to an increased heart rate that occurred due to supra‐ventricular tachycardia: atrial tachycardia or atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia.