bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Event-based robust stabilization for delayed systems with parameter uncertainties and exogenous disturbances
Authors: Du Yuwei , Li Bing 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the robust stabilization problem is studied for a class of delayed systems with parameter uncertainties and unknown-but-bounded exogenous disturbances. The robust input-to-state practical stability (RISpS) is introduced to characterize the dynamics of the controlled system. An event-triggered strategy is employed to effectively decrease the transmission consumption of the robust controller. The Zeno behavior is also excluded by combining the information of delayed states with parameter uncertainties. The gain matrix and the event-triggered parameters are co-designed by resorting to the feasibility of several matrix inequalities. An example and its simulations are given to illustrate the proposed approach.
Stochastic resonance of fractional-order Langevin equation driven by periodic modulated noise with mass fluctuation
Authors: Yang Shan , Deng Mou , Ren Ruibin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe stochastic resonance (SR) of a second-order harmonic oscillator subject to mass fluctuation and periodic modulated noise in viscous media is studied. The mass fluctuation noise is modeled as dichotomous noise and the memory of viscous media is characterized by fractional power kernel function. By using the Shapiro–Loginov formula and Laplace transform, we got the analytical expression of the first moment of the steady-state response and studied the relationship between the system response and the system parameters in the long-time limit. The simulation results show the non-monotonic dependence between the response amplitude and the input signal frequency, noise parameters of the system, etc, which indicates that the bona fide resonance and the generalized SR phenomena appear. Furthermore, the mass fluctuation noise, modulation noise, and the fractional order work together, producing more complex dynamic phenomena than the integral-order system. For example, there is a transition from bimodal resonance to unimodal resonance between the amplitude and the driving frequency under different fractional orders.
FGFR- gene family alterations in low-grade neuroepithelial tumors
Authors: Bale Tejus A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe discovery of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) gene family alterations as drivers of primary brain tumors has generated significant excitement, both as potential therapeutic targets as well as defining hallmarks of histologic entities. However, FGFR alterations among neuroepithelial lesions are not restricted to high or low grade, nor to adult vs. pediatric-type tumors. While it may be tempting to consider FGFR-altered tumors as a unified group, this underlying heterogeneity poses diagnostic and interpretive challenges. Therefore, understanding the underlying biology of tumors harboring specific FGFR alterations is critical. In this review, recent evidence for recurrent FGFR alterations in histologically and biologically low-grade neuroepithelial tumors (LGNTs) is examined (namely FGFR1 tyrosine kinase domain duplication in low grade glioma, FGFR1-TACC1 fusions in extraventricular neurocytoma [EVN], and FGFR2-CTNNA3 fusions in polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young [PLNTY]). Additionally, FGFR alterations with less well-defined prognostic implications are considered (FGFR3-TACC3 fusions, FGFR1 hotspot mutations). Finally, a framework for practical interpretation of FGFR alterations in low grade glial/glioneuronal tumors is proposed.
Head-to-head comparison between digital and analog PET of human and phantom images when optimized for maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio from small lesions
Authors: Salvadori Julien , Odille Freddy , Verger Antoine , Olivier Pierre , Karcher Gilles , Marie Pierre-Yves , Imbert Laetitia 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Routine PET exams are increasingly performed with reduced injected activities, leading to the use of different image reconstruction parameters than the NEMA parameters, in order to prevent from any deleterious decrease in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and thus, in lesion detectability. This study aimed to provide a global head-to-head comparison between digital (Vereos, Philips®) and analog (Ingenuity TF, Philips®) PET cameras of the trade-off between SNR and contrast through a wide-ranging number of reconstruction iterations, and with a further reconstruction optimization based on the SNR of small lesions.

Methods
Image quality parameters were compared between the two cameras on human and phantom images for a number of OSEM reconstruction iterations ranging from 1 to 10, the number of subsets being fixed at 10, and with the further identification of reconstruction parameters maximizing the SNR of spheres and adenopathies nearing 10 mm in diameter. These reconstructions were additionally obtained with and without time-of-flight (TOF) information (TOF and noTOF images, respectively) for further comparisons.

Results
On both human and phantom TOF images, the compromise between SNR and contrast was consistently more advantageous for digital than analog PET, with the difference being particularly pronounced for the lowest numbers of iterations and the smallest spheres. SNR was maximized with 1 and 2 OSEM iterations for the TOF images from digital and analog PET, respectively, whereas 4 OSEM iterations were required for the corresponding noTOF images from both cameras. On the TOF images obtained with this SNR optimization, digital PET exhibited a 37% to 44% higher SNR as compared with analog PET, depending on sphere size. These relative differences were however much lower for the noTOF images optimized for SNR (− 4 to + 18%), as well as for images reconstructed according to NEMA standards (− 4 to + 12%).

Conclusion
SNR may be dramatically higher for digital PET than for analog PET, especially when optimized for small lesions. This superiority is mostly attributable to enhanced TOF resolution and is significantly underestimated in NEMA-based analyses.
Is Midlife Metabolic Syndrome Associated With Cognitive Function Change? The Study of Women’s Health Across the Nation
Authors: Kazlauskaite Rasa , Janssen Imke , Wilson Robert S , Appelhans Bradley M , Evans Denis A , Arvanitakis Zoe , El Khoudary Samar R , Kravitz Howard M 
Published: February 2020

AbstractContextMetabolic syndrome (MetS) affects cognitive function in late life, particularly in women. But longitudinal research is scarce on associations of MetS with cognitive function during midlife.ObjectiveTo determine associations between MetS exposure and cognitive function trajectories in midlife women.Design and SettingThis is a 17-year prospective, longitudinal study of multiracial/ethnic women in 7 US communities, with annual/biennial assessments.ParticipantsParticipants were 2149 US women traversing menopause.ExposureExposure consisted of MetS assessments (median 4 assessments over 4 years).Main Outcome MeasuresMain outcome measures were assessments of cognitive function in 3 domains: perceptual speed (symbol digit modalities test, SDMT), episodic memory (East Boston Memory Test, EBMT), and working memory (Digit Span Backward Test, DSB).ResultsBy their first cognitive assessment (age 50.7 ± 2.9 years), 29.5% met the criteria for MetS. Women completed a median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 6 (IQR 4–7) follow-up cognitive assessments over 11.2 (IQR 9.2–11.5) years. Women with MetS, compared with those without, had a larger 10-year decline in SDMT z-score (estimate –0.087, 95% confidence interval, –0.150 to –0.024; P = 0.007), after adjustment for cognitive testing practice effects, sociodemographics, lifestyle, mood, and menopause factors. As such, MetS accelerated the 10-year loss of perceptual speed by 24%. MetS did not differentially affect the rate of decline in either immediate (P = 0.534) or delayed (P = 0.740) episodic memory or in working memory (P = 0.584).ConclusionsIn midlife women MetS exposure was associated with accelerated decline in perceptual speed, but not episodic or working memory.
Mouse models for muscular dystrophies: an overview
Authors: van Putten Maaike , Lloyd Erin M. , de Greef Jessica C. , Raz Vered , Willmann Raffaella , Grounds Miranda D. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Muscular dystrophies (MDs) encompass a wide variety of inherited disorders that are characterized by loss of muscle tissue associated with a progressive reduction in muscle function. With a cure lacking for MDs, preclinical developments of therapeutic approaches depend on well-characterized animal models that recapitulate the specific pathology in patients. The mouse is the most widely and extensively used model for MDs, and it has played a key role in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying MD pathogenesis. This has enabled the development of therapeutic strategies. Owing to advancements in genetic engineering, a wide variety of mouse models are available for the majority of MDs. Here, we summarize the characteristics of the most commonly used mouse models for a subset of highly studied MDs, collated into a table. Together with references to key publications describing these models, this brief but detailed overview would be useful for those interested in, or working with, mouse models of MD.
Exhaustive Exercise Induces Gastrointestinal Syndrome through Reduced ILC3 and IL-22 in Mouse Model
Authors: Hou Pengfei , Zhou Xi , Yu Li , Yao Yu , Zhang Yong , Huang Yujie , Chen Mengtin , Yi Long , Mi Mantian 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study was to investigate the mechanism of intestinal physical and immune barriers in the occurrence of high-intensive exercise-induced gastrointestinal symptoms.

Methods
An overtraining model of male C57BL/6 mice was established by running-to-exhaustive exercise. Then, the mice were sacrificed, and a series of evaluation indicators, including the routine blood analysis as well as histological examinations, inflammatory factors, ultrastructure observation, and intestinal permeability of the gut, were measured based on this model. The expressions of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor α, interferon-γ, and interleukin (IL)-6 as well as the tight junction and adherence junction proteins ZO-1, Occludin, Claudin-1, and E-cadherin were measured, respectively. Furthermore, the mRNA level of IL-22 and the proportion of ILC3 and IL-22 produced in CD4+ T cells in lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Besides, the liver glycogen and the expressions of sirtuins-3 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1a, which were associated with the intestinal metabolism phenotype, were analyzed by Western blotting.

Results
Exhaustive exercise induced a disrupted intestinal barrier integrity, an aggravated intestinal inflammation, increased gut permeability, and the reduced IL-22 mRNA level. Compared with the nonexercise mice, the IL-22 produced in LPL was reduced followed by exhaustive exercise, whereas the proportion of IL-22 produced in CD4+ T cells was still unchanged. Significantly, the proportion of ILC3 in the LPL was decreased obviously, including the NCR+ ILC3. Furthermore, the intestinal metabolism phenotype assessment showed lower liver glycogen and blood glucose as well as higher blood lactic acid and hypoxia-inducible factor-1a, respectively.

Conclusions
The data indicated that the acute high-intensity running-induced gastrointestinal symptom is closely associated with a reduced percentage of ILC3 and IL-22 level in the LPL, possibly due to the glycogen exhaustion and intestinal mucosa hypoperfusion.
Sitting-induced Endothelial Dysfunction Is Prevented in Endurance-trained Individuals
Authors: MORISHIMA TAKUMA , TSUCHIYA YOSUKE , UEDA HISASHI , TSUJI KATSUNORI , OCHI EISUKE 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Prolonged sitting impairs leg endothelial function, which seems to be mediated by a sustained reduction in blood flow-induced shear stress. However, whether regular endurance training is effective in preventing sitting-induced leg endothelial dysfunction remains largely unknown. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that sitting-induced leg endothelial dysfunction is prevented in high endurance-trained individuals.

Methods
The endurance-trained group comprised 10 male collegiate cyclists, and the untrained group comprised nine men with no regular endurance training. Peak oxygen uptake (V˙O2peak) was initially determined in all participants using incremental exercise test (37.9 ± 4.7 mL·min−1·kg−1 in the untrained group versus 60.8 ± 3.6 mL·min−1·kg−1 in the endurance-trained group). At second visit, the popliteal artery flow-mediated dilation (%FMD) was assessed before and after a 3-h sitting period. During the sitting period, the popliteal artery diameter and blood velocity were measured every hour.

Results
The popliteal artery blood flow and shear rate were significantly and similarly reduced during the sitting period in both groups (P < 0.001). In a 3-h sitting, a significant impairment in popliteal artery %FMD was observed in the untrained group (P = 0.003), but it was prevented in the endurance-trained group (P < 0.196).

Conclusions
In conclusion, the present study revealed that sitting-induced leg endothelial dysfunction is preventable in endurance-trained individuals.
A Machine Learning Approach to Assess Injury Risk in Elite Youth Football Players
Authors: ROMMERS NIKKI , RÖSSLER ROLAND , VERHAGEN EVERT , VANDECASTEELE FLORIAN , VERSTOCKT STEVEN , VAEYENS ROEL , LENOIR MATTHIEU , D’HONDT Eva , WITVROUW ERIK 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To assess injury risk in elite-level youth football (soccer) players based on anthropometric, motor coordination and physical performance measures with a machine learning model.

Methods
A total of 734 players in the U10 to U15 age categories (mean age, 11.7 ± 1.7 yr) from seven Belgian youth academies were prospectively followed during one season. Football exposure and occurring injuries were monitored continuously by the academies’ coaching and medical staff, respectively. Preseason anthropometric measurements (height, weight, and sitting height) were taken and test batteries to assess motor coordination and physical fitness (strength, flexibility, speed, agility, and endurance) were performed. Extreme gradient boosting algorithms (XGBoost) were used to predict injury based on the preseason test results. Subsequently, the same approach was used to classify injuries as either overuse or acute.

Results
During the season, half of the players (n = 368) sustained at least one injury. Of the first occurring injuries, 173 were identified as overuse and 195 as acute injuries. The machine learning algorithm was able to identify the injured players in the hold-out test sample with 85% precision, 85% recall (sensitivity) and 85% accuracy (f1 score). Furthermore, injuries could be classified as overuse or acute with 78% precision, 78% recall, and 78% accuracy.

Conclusions
Our machine learning algorithm was able to predict injury and to distinguish overuse from acute injuries with reasonably high accuracy based on preseason measures. Hence, it is a promising approach to assess injury risk among elite-level youth football players. This new knowledge could be applied in the development and improvement of injury risk management strategies to identify youth players with the highest injury risk.
Caffeine Optimizes HIIT Benefits on Obesity-associated Metabolic Adversity in Women
Authors: ALKHATIB AHMAD , HSIEH MIN-JUNG , KUO CHIA-HUA , HOU CHIEN-WEN 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
We investigated whether obesity adversities such as excessive body fat, compensatory hyperinsulinemia, metabolic endotoxemia, irregular androgenicity, and reduced cardiorespiratory and anaerobic fitness are ameliorated by high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with or without caffeine supplementation in women with obesity.

Methods
Twenty-four women with obesity (Asian cutoff point body mass index ≥ 27 kg·m−2, body fat = 40%) were evenly randomized to caffeine (CAF) and placebo (PLA) trials for an 8-wk HIIT program (10 × 1-min sprints, interspersed by 1-min rest). CAF (3 mg·kg−1·bw−1) and PLA were supplemented before each training session. Body fat was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry before and after training together with assessments of glucose tolerance (oral glucose tolerance test, or OGTT), lipopolysaccharide endotoxins, testosterone, cardiorespiratory, and anaerobic fitness.

Results
Significant interaction between HIIT and CAF was found for OGTT glucose and OGTT insulin levels (P = 0.001 and P = 0.049 respectively). HIIT-alone increased glucose at 90 min (P = 0.049) and OGTT insulin at 60 min (P = 0.038). Conversely, HIIT with CAF decreased OGTT glucose at 120 min (P = 0.024) without affecting OGTT insulin. HIIT-alone induced 28.3% higher OGTT insulin (effect size d = 0.59 for area under the curve) and 14.5% higher OGTT glucose (d = 0.28). Conversely, HIIT with CAF decreased OGTT glucose by 19.1% (d = 0.51 for area under the curve) without changing OGTT insulin. HIIT-alone effects on glycemia and insulinemia were concurrent with a 31% increase in lipopolysaccharide endotoxins (P = 0.07; d = 0.78; confidence interval, 5.7–8.7) in the PLA but not in CAF treatment (P = 0.99; d = 0.003; confidence interval, 6.5–10.6), although endotoxin level remained within the recommended healthy thresholds. Furthermore, either HIIT alone or with CAF reduced body fat percentage (P < 0.001, ANOVA main training effects), increased muscle mass (P = 0.002), reduced testosterone (P = 0.005), and increased cardiorespiratory and anaerobic capacity (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
HIIT induces fat loss and decreases androgenicity in women with obesity. However, its side effects such as endotoxemia and hyperinsulinemia are ameliorated by caffeine supplementation.
Perfiles docentes en el contexto de la transformación digital de la escuela
Authors: Sosa Díaz María José , Valverde Berrocoso Jesús 
Published: February 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN. La figura del docente tiene un papel fundamental en la integración de las TIC en los centros educativos, y la construcción de perfiles del profesorado ha sido utilizada en la investigación educativa sobre el uso pedagógico de las tecnologías digitales. Sin embargo, no existe aún un modelo teórico explicativo que aúne todos los factores y variables que permita implementar estrategias de integración de las TIC en las aulas, centradas en las necesidades y características del profesorado. Es por tal motivo que la presente investigación identifica diferentes perfiles del profesorado y aporta evidencias sobre factores que influyen en el modo de utilización de las tecnologías en la práctica docente. MÉTODO. Se ha realizado una investigación longitudinal con un estudio de casos múltiples, utilizando la entrevista semiestructurada como principal método de recogida de datos y el procedimiento de comparación constante de la teoría fundamentada como técnica para el análisis de datos. En este estudio han participado cuatro centros de educación primaria e infantil y coordinadores TIC, profesorado, miembros de equipos directivos, familias y asesores TIC (n=57). RESULTADOS. Se concluye el estudio con un modelo teórico explicativo conformado por cuatro perfiles de profesorado respecto al uso de las tecnologías en el aula: “reacio”, “aprendiz”, “gestor” y “e-innovador”. DISCUSIÓN. Los factores de la implementación de las tecnologías en la práctica docente identificados y coincidentes con otros estudios son la competencia digital docente, la formación permanente, las actitudes hacia las TIC, la autoconfianza, la colaboración con personal experto en TIC y la presión percibidadesde el contexto escolar.
Silver holographic gratings as substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering gas analysis
Authors: Petrov Dmitry V. , Kostenko Matvey A. , Shcherbakov Alexey A. 
Published: February 2020

This work is devoted to the investigation of the enhancement of Raman signals of nonadsorbed gases in the vicinity of corrugated metallic surfaces supporting propagating surface plasmon-polaritons (PSPPs). Simulation of the PSPP excitation efficiency on holographic gratings coated with silver films of various thicknesses at different groove heights was carried out. Verification showed good agreement between theory and experiment. Also, it was found that an increase of the PSPP excitation efficiency may not lead to an increase in the enhancement factor of Raman signals of gases located near the surface-enhanced Raman scattering active surface. For a holographic grating with a period of 667 nm, a groove height of 70 nm, and a silver film thickness of 30 nm coated with a protective

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Semisupervised classification of hyperspectral images with low-rank representation kernel
Authors: Ahmadi Seyyed Ali , Mehrshad Nasser 
Published: February 2020

A semisupervised deformed kernel function, using low-rank
representation with consideration of local geometrical structure of
data, is presented for the classification of hyperspectral images. The
proposed method incorporates the wealth of unlabeled information to
deal with the limited labeled samples situation as a common case in
HSIs applications. The proposed kernel needs to be computed before
training the classifier, e.g., a support vector machine, and it relies
on combining the standard radial basis function kernel based on
labeled information and the low-rank representation kernel obtained
using all available (labeled and unlabeled) information. The low-rank
representation kernel can overcome the difficulties of clustering
methods that are used to construct the kernels such as bagged kernel
and multi-scale bagged kernel. The experimental results of two
well-known HSIs data sets demonstrate the effectiveness of the
proposed method in comparison with cluster kernels obtained using
traditional clustering methods and graph learning methods.
Alternative media, self-representation and Arab-American women
Authors: Oumlil Kenza 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Arab-American women often find themselves represented in the mainstream media as oppressed victims in need of saving, but what sometimes gets less attention are the ways in which Arab-American women themselves are adding to the media landscape, through poetry, film and other forms. This article offers a textual analysis of artistic interventions circulated by Arab-American women in the media sphere, and supplements the analysis of the content and context of these interventions with individual interviews with the artists involved. It focuses on the poetry of Suheir Hammad and the cinematic interventions of Annemarie Jacir, which I situate as alternative media. I conceptualise alternative media as media content that challenges dominant assumptions and offers stylistic innovations for the purpose of inspiring social change. In addition, I argue that alternative media consist of transforming the existing stock of material into one’s own language in order to promote social justice. The article concludes with remarks regarding the opportunities and the limitations of alternative media in effecting social transformation.