bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alternate material for pressure cooker gasket
Authors: Zalaki Kartik , Patil Sharad , Patil Sujay , Chatta Aakash , Patil Shubham Naik Arun Y , Kotturshettar B B 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The use of Gasket or sealing ring is one of the most important and just less than a perfect method to prevent leakage of fluids both during the static and dynamic condition. Moreover, the subject of using natural or organic materials has gained prime importance amongst both designers and researchers to reduce environmental impact. This study focuses on the design and Analysis of gasket material which has a combination of Latex and Natural Fibres. Significant areas where gaskets are used have thermal and pressure force as a boundary condition, which demands the need for various sealing ring material. The model of Gaskets is prepared as per standards in SOLIDWORKS 2016 Comparison based on equivalent stress, deformation, thermal expansion, thermal stress and strain are done between Silicon rubber and natural composite materials in ANSYS workbench 18.2. The model was analysed between three materials which are Silicon rubber, Latex and Banana fibres, Latex and Coconut coir. Mathematical interpolation is used to obtain various mechanical properties of the natural Fibre using volume fraction. The critical properties considered for the Analysis are young’s modulus, the thermal expansion coefficient of the Natural Fibres
The effects of thermal overload in chimney caused by insulation damage
Authors: Maj M , Ubysz A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Modern approach to Structural Health Monitoring of building structures demands for reliable data concerning current technical condition of analysed structure or its parts. Data are provided preferably by means of non-destructive testing or visual inspections. When the analysed object is non- or hardly accessible (like in the case of tall industrial chimneys), remote techniques based on displacement, vibration or temperature control are appreciated. The current study focuses on the problem of thermal overload induced internal forces caused by insulation damage. Condensation inside the chimney affects the internal thermal insulation and migrates through the chimney wall from the inside. Moistening of the internal thermal insulation causes a progressive loss of its insulating properties. The corrosion of concrete and reinforcing steel is therefore progressive due to the increase in the temperature gradient in the reinforced concrete wall of the chimney, causing a large increase in internal forces, mainly tensile and shear stresses, and the appearance of additional cracks in the wall. The estimation of internal forces related to thermal influences given in the presented example indicates the significant threats that these influences may generate. In conclusion, it was pointed out that the proposed thermographic tests can be very helpful in monitoring temperature changes and signalling growing problems with the durability of chimney walls.
Design cycle implementation on a customized steering knuckle for a competition ATV
Authors: Deshpande Aditya , Ekabote Nagaraj , Sridhar A S , Vernekar Akshay 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The design cycle in its most basic terms can be defined as investigate, plan, create and evaluate. It has been adopted by every engineering team in its own way to strengthen the intended design. The crucial factor of any mechanical design is consideration of service loads for components proposed function. This paper talks about the implementation of the design cycle on three iterations of a customized steering knuckle for BAJA SAE India competition. Effect of terrain and road profiles on vehicle along with conventional knuckle design process is highlighted. The authors outline the criteria and limitations of knuckle design for a competition and discuss the first design and its performance and failures, failure analysis and how the lessons learnt were incorporated in the second design. The design cycle was revisited for optimization resulting in a third design. Finally, the optimized design steering knuckle was fabricated and tested in actual terrain of the competition for validation.
Global, regional and national trends of atmospheric ammonia derived from a decadal (2008–2018) satellite record
Authors: Van Damme Martin , Clarisse Lieven , Franco Bruno , Sutton Mark A , Erisman Jan Willem , Wichink Kruit Roy , van Zanten Margreet , Whitburn Simon , Hadji-Lazaro Juliette , Hurtmans Daniel , Clerbaux Cathy , Coheur Pierre-François 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Excess atmospheric ammonia (NH3) leads to deleterious effects on biodiversity, ecosystems, air quality and health, and it is therefore essential to monitor its budget and temporal evolution. Hyperspectral infrared satellite sounders provide daily NH3 observations at global scale for over a decade. Here we use the version 3 of the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) NH3 dataset to derive global, regional and national trends from 2008 to 2018. We find a worldwide increase of 12.8 ± 1.3 % over this 11-year period, driven by large increases in east Asia (5.80 ± 0.61% increase per year), western and central Africa (2.58 ± 0.23 % yr−1), North America (2.40 ± 0.45 % yr−1) and western and southern Europe (1.90 ± 0.43 % yr−1). These are also seen in the Indo-Gangetic Plain, while the southwestern part of India exhibits decreasing trends. Reported national trends are analyzed in the light of changing anthropogenic and pyrogenic NH3 emissions, meteorological conditions and the impact of sulfur and nitrogen oxides emissions, which alter the atmospheric lifetime of NH3. We end with a short case study dedicated to the Netherlands and the ‘Dutch Nitrogen crisis’ of 2019.
Protecting quantum correlations in presence of generalised amplitude damping channel: the two-qubit case
Authors: Goswami Suchetana , Ghosh Sibasish , Majumdar A S 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Any kind of quantum resource useful in different information processing tasks is vulnerable to several types of environmental noise. Here we study the behaviour of quantum correlations such as entanglement and steering in two-qubit systems under the application of the generalised amplitude damping channel and propose two protocols towards preserving them under this type of noise. First, we employ the technique of weak measurement and reversal for the purpose of preservation of correlations. We then show how the evolution under the channel action can be seen as an unitary process. We use the technique of weak measurement and most general form of selective positive operator valued measure (POVM) to achieve preservation of correlations for a significantly large range of parameter values.
Weyl–Wigner representation of canonical equilibrium states
Authors: Nicacio F 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Weyl–Wigner representations for canonical thermal equilibrium quantum states are obtained for the whole class of quadratic Hamiltonians through a Wick rotation of the Weyl–Wigner symbols of Heisenberg and metaplectic operators. The behavior of classical structures inherently associated to these unitaries is described under the Wick mapping, unveiling that a thermal equilibrium state is fully determined by a complex symplectic matrix, which sets all of its thermodynamical properties. The four categories of Hamiltonian dynamics (parabolic, elliptic, hyperbolic and loxodromic) are analyzed. Semiclassical and high temperature approximations are derived and compared to the classical and/or quadratic behavior.
Convective potential of the atmosphere of Western Siberia amid global climate change
Authors: Gorbatenko V P , Pustovalov K N , Konstantinova D A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the process of warming, the atmosphere of Western Siberia gets warmer and wetter due to local sources of moisture. This is accompanied with amplification of convection processes in the warm seasons and increasing frequency of extreme weather phenomena. Trends in atmospheric instability and their causes on a territory located in the Ob-Irtysh interfluve and limited by 50–64 °N, 60–95 °E, including the Vasyugan Swamp, are analyzed. The swamp boundaries distinctly marked on temperature maps in the last decade indicate changes in the thermal radiation of the swamp surface. These changes in heterogeneity of heating and heat exchange are reflected in changes in atmospheric instability as well. The greatest changes in the atmospheric temperature mode have been observed in the Great Vasyugan Swamp.
Simulation of near-bottom water warming in the Laptev Sea
Authors: Golubeva E , Kraineva M , Platov G 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A coupled ice-ocean model forced by atmospheric reanalysis data is used to examine a change in the bottom layer of the Laptev Sea on a scale of several decades. The model shows that since the mid-1980s there has been a warming of bottom waters in the shelf region. Analyzing values of bottom temperature averaged over a decade, we show that since 2005 the intensity of warming of the bottom layer has increased. The main reason for this is disappearance of ice cover in summer accompanied by an influx of heat into the surface layer of the sea. Also, an essential factor is the dynamic state of the atmosphere. The intensification of surface currents due to wind action promotes mixing of waters and heat transfer to the bottom layer of the sea. The heat anomalies entering the near-bottom layer of the sea during the autumn cooling could exist during the winter period.
Modeling the temperature and humidity conditions of mineral soils in an active layer model taking into account in depth changes in the thermodynamic properties of the soil
Authors: Bogomolov V Yu , Dyukarev E E A , Stepanenko V M , Drozdov E D 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The thermal regimes of peat and mineral soils differ significantly. Peat soils are characterized by the presence of a surface peat horizon, which is replaced by organogenic rock. The total thickness of the peat layer can reach several meters. The peat strata is a complex organomineral system with specific properties: high water content and porosity, the content of a large amount of little decomposed organic. For the correct modeling of this type of soil, a transition was made from the approach of modeling heat and moisture transfer in a porous medium with averaged thermodynamic characteristics (porosity, density, hydraulic conductivity …), to modeling heat and moisture transfer for each of the identified soil types with individual properties. In addition, in the modified model, all constants describing the thermodynamic properties of the soil are functions of depth. This made it possible to model soils with a complex soil profile, for example, bog ecosystems (peat deposit and a layer of mineral soil under it). To calculate the thermophysical characteristics of soils, the measured volumetric content of organic matter, mineral particles of different sizes, and soil porosity at all depths were used. Calculations based on the model of the active layer showed that within the framework of the approach used it is possible to correctly reproduce heat and moisture transfer in both mineral and organic soils without adding any runoff-related parameterizations, but using relevant thermophysical characteristics of the soil.
Analysis of turbulent kinetic energy decay power law in atmospheric boundary layer models
Authors: Tkachenko E V , Debolskiy A V , Mortikov E V 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe transitional periods that take place in the atmospheric boundary layer are challenging to model due to their non-stationary nature. Large-eddy simulation (LES) models have proven to be sufficiently accurate for modeling the evening transitions, and now a possibility to adapt turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) closure models for calculations in single-column models appears to be very plausible. In this study, evening transition modeling is analysed with emphasis on the pattern of a TKE decay which follows the power law.E(t) αt−αThe effects of different parameters on the results of the simulations are explored, along with the geostrophic wind effect on the model. It is shown that the model presented here behaves in a manner similar to that of a LES model, thus showing that the above adaptation is possible and worth being investigated further.
Rossby wave breaking and blocking events associated with some atmospheric circulation regimes in the Northern Hemisphere based on a climate system model (PlaSim-ICMMG-1.0)
Authors: Krupchatnikov V N , Borovko I V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Potential vorticity (PV) streamers and cutoffs are indicators of Rossby wave breaking (RWB) near the extratropical tropopause. The Rossby wave breaking forms an elongated high-PV stratospheric air tongue that extends to the equator and a tropospheric low PV air tongue that extends to the pole. There are two types of RWB: equatorward and poleward ones. Frequently, PV tongues stretch into narrow filaments, so-called PV streamers that split into PV cutoff vortices. Here the terms stratospheric PV streamer and cutoff refer to stratospheric features of isentropic surfaces (PV > 2 PVU; where 1 PVU = 10−6 K_kg−1 m2_s−1). In this paper, we study a configuration of the potential vortex field using model data. The main areas of RWB in winter and summer are shown. Atmospheric blocking events represent some of the most high-impact weather patterns in the mid-latitudes, but they have often been the cause of unsuccessful future climate projections. In this paper, we have examined the seasonal frequency of global blocking events in relation to a change in the mean EOF index based on some modeling results obtained by using a climate system model, PlaSim-ICMMG-1.0.
Selection of Scots pine seedling growth stimulants in extreme conditions of the Northern Kazakhstan steppe zone
Authors: Kabanova S A , Musoni W , Zenkova Z N , Danchenko M A , Scott S A , Kabanov A N 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of this research is to determine optimal methods of using stimulants in a pre-sowing treatment of common pine seeds to increase their germination and obtain high-quality planting material. A study has been performed in forest nurseries of the State Forest Natural Reserve (SFNR) “Ertis Ormany” (Pavlodar region) and the Arykbalyk Branch of the State National Natural Park (SNNP) “Kokshetau” (Akmola region). The research is done with one-and two-year-old seedlings of ordinary pine sowing of 2017. A presowing seed preparation is carried out according to six options by using various types of stimulants. A method of mathematical processing of the thus obtained measurements of the seedlings with an insufficient number of measured plants is proposed by using a bootstrap analysis with and without quantile information. It allows one to estimate the influence of stimulants on the average growth of one-and two-year-old seedlings at a reliable level. As a result of these studies, it has been revealed that the pre-sowing treatment of pine seeds with ordinary stimulants increases the average height of annual seedlings. However, the results obtained in this experiment depend on the region of nursery location, but the use of soil irrigation with an “EridGrow” activator has increased the average height in both nurseries: by 13.9% in the “Kokshetau” SNNP for one-year-old seedlings, by 37.2% for two-year-old seedlings compared with the average height of the control seedlings. For pine seedlings in the “Ertis Ormany” SFNR nursery the influence of the stimulants is insignificant, but the positive effect on the average growth with the “EridGrow” soil irrigation is a 7.3% increase in the first year and a 24.7% one in the second year.
Mapping of hazardous hydrological events in the Russian part of the Selenga River basin
Authors: Garmaev E Zh , Tsydypov B Z , Ayurzhanaev A A , Sodnomov B V , Pyankov S V , Shikhov A N , Abdullin R K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Selenga River is a major tributary of Lake Baikal. Its basin is characterized by a fairly high degree of economic activity. Floods in the Selenga River basin are hazardous natural phenomena which can cause threats to people’s lives and enormous damage to the settlements and infrastructure. The flooded areas in the settlements are delineated by using various methods: hydro-morphological surveys, leveling of sections along riverbeds and floodplains (151 profiles in total), as well as results of hydrodynamic modeling of flooding processes by using a program, HEC-RAS, developed by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The flood zones are simulated for maximum water levels with 100, 33, and 20-years frequency. In the future, the compiled flood database is planned to be published as part of an online web map service, “Hydro-Ecological Safety in the Selenga River Basin”.
Analyzing extreme weather phenomena in northern regions in the context of modern climate change
Authors: Kuznetsova V P 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
At present, various world regions face statistically significant weather anomalies indicating transformations in the climate system. Climate change processes are manifested both at the global and regional levels under local physical and geographical conditions. Northern regions, where climate change is clearly observed, experience extreme weather phenomena able to affect the quality of land resources, livelihoods of the population, and the local economy. Depending on their distribution, manifestation, frequency and quantitative parameters, these phenomena are often characterized by a destructive potential which entails a need to monitor the unfavorable natural processes in order to take them into account when planning the territory. This paper analyses some dangerous hydrometeorological phenomena associated with climate changes observed in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Area Yugra.
Changes in climatic extremes of the south of Russia associated with El Niño events
Authors: Vyshkvarkova E , Sukhonos O 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Spatial and temporal distributions of extreme temperatures and precipitation over the south of Russia in 1950–2018 are discussed, and their features are associated with El Niño events. Analysis of the temperature extremes shows some warming in the region during this study period. Extreme precipitation indices indicate upward tendencies on average in a region with strong spatial heterogeneity. The manifestations of some El Niño types in extreme temperatures are most noticeable in the winter-spring period, with warming during the eastern and cooling during the central type. The El Niño manifestations in extreme precipitation are less clear. Only the autumn season should be highlighted, when extreme precipitation is higher in the North Caucasus during the central El Niño type.
Aircraft icing nowcasting technique
Authors: Zuev V V , Mordus D P , Pavlinskii A V 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Flight safety depends on a number of meteorological factors, including icing. Forecasting of aircraft icing implies taking into account only the meteorological conditions; therefore, “icing possibility” is forecasted. The next step in forecasting techniques is a technology of predicting the current state of weather — nowcasting. This technology requires continuous input measurement data with small time steps. These requirements can be met by using atmosphere remote sensing. A new methodology is proposed for detecting possible aircraft icing areas, which is based on remote measurement of air temperature profiles in the lower kilometer layer and the total vapor content of the atmosphere. The total vapor content is measured using an RMS-1 radiometric system. The data series of air temperature profiles and the total vapor content of the atmosphere in the area of St. Petersburg airport (Pulkovo) are analyzed for the period from November 2018 to March 2020. The distribution patterns for temperature and total vapor content typical for the onset of icing are determined.
Horizontal Structure of Banda Eddies and The Relationship to Chlorophyll-a During South East Monsoon in Normal and ENSO Period on 2008-2010
Authors: Horhoruw Selfrida Missmar , Fadli Muhammad , Atmadipoera Agus , Lekalette Johanis , Nugroho Dwi Y. , Tatipatta Willem M. , Kainama Ferdimon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Banda Sea is part of Indonesia Fisheries Management Area (WPP 714) which famous for Tuna fisheries. In addition to being influenced by Indonesian Through Flow (ITF), the Banda Sea also influenced by eddies. Banda eddies and the relationship to chlorophyll-a were studied by using the output of ocean circulation model produced by INDESO (Infrastructure Development of Space Oceanography) project in Ministry of Marine Affair and Fisheries. Data from 2008 to 2011 during normal phase of South East Monsoon period (June-August 2008), El Nino phase (June-August 2009), and La Nina phase (June-August 2010) were used. The model results showed two clockwise eddies in the northern of Banda Sea and three counterclockwise eddies in the southern of Banda Sea. The clockwise eddies were found at 20 meter depth and induced upwelling in south water of Buru Island, Ambon Island and Lease Island (Haruku, Saparua and Nusalaut Islands). Otherwise, counterclockwise eddies in the southern of Banda Sea (north of Wetar Island and Yamdena Island) generate the downwelling. High vorticity value of the eddy was found in the northern of Wetar Island. The presence of Banda Eddies on South East Monsoon period play an important role to maintain the water mass balance in the Banda Sea. Eddies also have strong influence on nutrient sinking from the surface of water. In addition, the eddies vorticity increased during the La Nina period and lead to low surface chlorophyll-a in the surface of the Banda Sea.
Nutrient, Macroalgae, and Echinodermata distribution in Northern Ambon coast during 2017 until 2018
Authors: Prasetyo Dhimaz Galih , Abdul Malik S. , Ikhsani Idha Y. , Rajab Abdul W. , Arfah Hairati , Putri Mutiara R. , Purnaningtyas dan Dayu W. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Northern Ambon Coast has a unique characteristic in term of biodiversity, including Macroalgae and Echinodermata. This research aims to determine the distribution of nutrients in the territorial waters of North Ambon in 2017 and 2018 and their effects on the distribution of Macroalgae and Echinodermata. Seawater samples were obtained in 26 sampling points in 2017 and 18 sampling points in 2018. Chemical parameters from seawater samples were determined by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and pH meter. The results of the analysis show that the average concentrations of NO3, PO4, and SiO2 in the study area in 2017 were 0.090 mg/L; 0.042 mg/L; and 0.330 mg/L with an average DO and pH content of 5.83 mg/L and 8.19. The average concentrations of NO3, PO4, and SiO2 in the sampling area in 2018 were 0.028 mg/L; 0.021 mg/L; and 0.129 mg/L with an average DO content and pH of 7.54 mg/L and 7.64 mg/L. The results shows that nutrients concentration on the Northern Ambon coast exceeds the maximum threshold that has been determined by 2004 Decree of the State Minister of the Environment No.51, but still sustains the life of the biota. Decrease concentration of the nutrients leads to the variability of macroalgae and Echinodermata observed in the study area in 2018 when compared to 2017. The Macroalgae classes that can be found in this area are Rhodophyceae, Phaeophyceae, and Chlorophyceae. Furthermore, the Echinodermata classes found in this area are Holothuroidea, Ophiuroidea, Asteroidea and Echinoidea.