bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
URDU: نعمۃ الباری شرح صحیح البخاری کے منہج و اسلوب کا تجزیاتی جائزہ
Authors: Ali Abbas , Wirk Dr. Muhammad Akram 
Published: January 2021

Allah has created so many personalities in every era who took the responsibility to lead the Muslim Ummah wholeheartedly. Allama Ghulam saeedi is one of them. Whose all writings are consist of scientific discussions and they are according to the principles of latest and modern research. It becomes very clear from the pattern and style of Naimat ul Bari fi Sharhe Sahih Bukhari that his writing is not only comprehensible and very simple but also holds lot of scientific topics between the lines. It is the quality of his style that he presents lot of arguments on every topic before the reader that the reader finds no doubt and further quest and inquiry of any type. He has adopted a researching style. His described references are so complete and accurate that a reader can get very easy access to their origins. The abundance of references used by him reveals his vast study and keen interest in study the origins. It is his specialty to keep an eye on originalsand read between the lines. This thing defines the place of a researcher in the literary world. His references are in abundance, verified and trustworthy which covers the knowledge of ancient and modern science.This book is extremely distinguished as for as the method and style are concerned.
Ulises
Authors: López Pérez Ricardo 
Published: January 2021

Buscando reconstituir parte de la historia del concepto de creatividad, este artículo retrocede en el tiempo y se ubica a partir de la lucha que enfrentó a griegos y troyanos. En este pasado remoto encontramos la figura del primer pensador creativo del que tenemos recuerdo, conservada gracias al canto público de poetas errantes de prodigiosa memoria, que luego fue la base de textos que aún podemos leer. Se trata de Ulises, cuya sinuosa vida está muy bien documentada, considerando la distancia que nos separa de ella. Transgrediendo prácticas habituales y esquemas consagrados de su época, Ulises introdujo sistemáticamente nuevas formas de enfrentar los peligros y resolver los problemas. En cada acción
representó un ejemplo de prudencia, flexibilidad y capacidad de respuesta, pero en sus empeños jamás sometió el núcleo permanente de su existencia, su sentido de vida, a ganancias pasajeras. Ningún poeta habla todavía de creatividad, o de pensamiento creativo, en cambio encontramos el vocablo metis, seguramente su antecedente más lejano. El texto arranca definiendo un contexto en forma narrativa, y evoluciona gradualmente a un formato más argumentativo y
conceptual.
Relaciones entre algunas características de la familia del preescolar y su desempeño escolar posterior
Authors: Recart Herrera María Isidora , Mathiesen De Gregori María Elena , Herrera Garbarini María Olivia 
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo describe la relación entre algunas características de las familias del preescolar, tales como la calidad educativa del ambiente familiar y la educación y ocupación de ambos padres, y el posterior desempeño escolar del niño. Es un estudio de seguimiento realizado a 244 niños escolares entre 8 y 9 años de edad, de la Octava Región.
Para evaluar desempeño escolar se utilizaron diversos indicadores: la comprensión lectora se midió utilizando la Prueba de Lectura y Lenguaje Escrito en su parte II (PLLE lectura de párrafos) y como medida del desempeño escolar se usó
el promedio de notas dado por el profesor. Para medir calidad del ambiente familiar se utilizó el inventario HOME y, además, se recopilaron los antecedentes de escolaridad y ocupación de los padres.
Se concluyó que el desempeño escolar se relaciona positiva y consistentemente con el nivel educacional y ocupacional de los padres y con la calidad educativa del ambiente familiar presente durante la edad preescolar de los menores.
Mapping the field of studies on social class and educational inequalities in Argentina
Authors: Meo Analía Inés 
Published: January 2021

This paper maps the research on social class and educational inequalities at secondary level in Argentina. It offers a typology of studies according to their research problems, theoretical perspectives and methodology. It distinguishes four kinds of research traditions: the socio-structural, the socio-historical, the socioeducational and the identity and subjectivity turn. It is argued that, in the sub-field of Sociology of Education, there is coexistence of diverse and even antagonistic research traditions. Furthermore, this diversity could be understood both as a sign of the vitality of the field and of its low structuration and limitations. The vitality of the field is illustrated by the wide range of topics, questions, theories and methods
used by researchers since the 1980s. Among the indicators of the low structuration of Sociology of Education, the author identifies the persistence of theoretical 'silences’ and the marginality of reflexive accounts on how, who and what for knowledge is produced.
El estado de emergencia en el Perú democrático post-conflicto: un estudio empírico preliminar de las normas de emergencia
Authors: Quesada Nicoli Diego , Tafur Sialer Andrea 
Published: January 2021

El presente trabajo contiene un estudio empírico de los estados de emergencia declarados en el Perú desde el gobierno de transición democrática en noviembre del 2000 hasta el 2018. Los autores encontraron, en primer lugar, que el uso de normas de emergencia ha venido aumentando a través del período estudiado. En ese sentido, la declaración de emergencia para controlar situaciones relativas al orden interno es una práctica normalizada del Estado peruano, donde las normas de emergencia son prorrogadas reiteradas veces y, en ocasiones, ciertas emergencias incluso han alcanzado un estado de cuasi-perpetuidad. Si bien la mayor cantidad de días en emergencia han tenido por objetivo a enfrentarse al “terrorismo”, el estudio muestra que en el Perú post-conflicto esta figura también ha sido utilizada consistentemente en situaciones de conflictividad social. Finalmente, el texto revela que el Estado peruano ha venido aplicando estándares de uso de la fuerza propios del Derecho Internacional Humanitario en aquellos estados de emergencia que delegan el control del orden interno a las Fuerzas Armadas, a pesar de que parece no haber suficientes
elementos para señalar que existe un conflicto armado.
Resultados de un modelo de entrenamiento de las Observaciones Clínicas Estructuradas en el aprendizaje de su administración y de los criterios de calificación
Authors: Calderón Larrain Daniel Esteban 
Published: January 2021

El refinamiento de los procedimientos de observación clínica depende tanto de la estandarización de algún instrumento, como del entrenamiento de los especialistas en tal instrumento. Paralelamente a la estandarización de las Observaciones Clínicas Estructuradas (OCE), la Corporación Chilena de Integración Sensorial ha diseñado e implementado un modelo de entrenamiento en éstas.
El presente artículo analiza las respuestas de 46 terapeutas ocupacionales entrenados en estos cursos, refiriéndose tanto a los criterios de calificación de las OCE entrenados, como a la aplicación de las pruebas.
En la calificación de las OCE, la mayoría de las respuestas a los ítems cuantitativos presentaron criterios similares a los de los instructores. Respecto a los ítems cualitativos y dicotómicos, agrupados por prueba, los resultados presentaron entre un 43 y 98% de coincidencia con el criterio de los instructores.
En la administración de las OCE, los participantes obtuvieron un puntaje promedio por sobre el 81% del puntaje máximo posible en la entrega de instrucciones, y entre un 57 y 87% en la ejecución y demostración de las pruebas.
El modelo de entrenamiento presentado contribuye con el propósito de obtener mediciones confiables e interpretaciones certeras acerca del desempeño ocupacional de los usuarios de servicios de terapia ocupacional. Además, el análisis de los aprendizajes obtenidos en un curso de entrenamiento clínico puede ser un insumo relevante para el desarrollo de los instrumentos de evaluación, contribuyendo a la confiabilidad específica de las pruebas.
Response of Forty (40) High-Producing Cacao Genotypes to Cacao Swollen Shoot Disease
Authors: Trebissou Caudou I. , N’Guessan Roméo K. , Tahi Mathias G. , Aïdara Sékou , Akaffou Sélastique D. , N’Guetta Simon-Pierre A. 
Published: January 2021

Aims: Cocoa swollen shoot is a dreaded viral disease that is prevalent in the producing areas of West Africa. In Côte d'Ivoire, it undermines the sustainability of cocoa farming. Integrated pest management based on the use of disease-resistant or disease-tolerant plant material remains a sustainable solution.
Place and Duration of Study: Integrated Pest Management Unit against Cocoa swollen shoot, Experimental greenhouse of Bouaflé, National Centre for Agronomic Research (CNRA).
Methodology: Forty elite genotypes of cocoa trees selected from different populations in the Reciprocal Recurrent Selection program of Cocoa in Côte d'Ivoire were evaluated against strain D of Cacao Swollen Shoot Virus (CSSV). Five seedlings of each genotype were infected by patch grafting and observed for 5 months.
Study Design: Plants are placed in a greenhouse in a completely random arrangement, with five repetitions.
Results: Three cocoa genotypes (C77, C87 and C96) were free of disease symptoms and eight genotypes (C77, C87, C96, C3, C12, C26, C53 and C98) had the lowest infection scores. The disease significantly affected plant development and growth.
Conclusion: Some genotypes selected within the Reciprocal Recurrent Selection program are promising for breeding against CSSV disease. These eight genotypes will be tested in a field environment to confirm their tolerance.
Cavalry, Greek
Authors: Bugh Glenn R. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFor most of the Greek world, cavalry was a late development. It would play an auxiliary role in armies of the Classical period, advantaged by its mobility and elevated fighting platform, but limited in numbers by the high cost of maintaining and replacing a war horse. After being elevated to military prominence by Alexander the Great, cavalry would continue to play an integral role in the armies of the Successors and of the Greek cities until the coming of the Romans.
Salt
Authors: Clarysse Willy 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSalt is a regular necessity for both humans and animals. Humans need about 5 g and a cow up to 90 g a day, or about 2 and 30 kg a year, respectively. In fact, most societies use far more than that, certainly in hot climates (Roman soldiers received daily rations of 20 g). Only part of this is acquired from unsalted food. Moreover, before canning and artificial refrigeration, meat, fish, and cheese could only be preserved by salting. As a result, salt production and commerce were important activities from the Neolithic period onwards.
Phlegraean Fields
Authors: Perrotta Annamaria , Scarpati Claudio 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The Phlegraean Fields volcanic area has been active in the last 78,000 years. Two large calderas are associated with Plinian‐type activity. Intense uplift of several meters occurred before the last historical eruption (Monte Nuovo, 1538) and in recent times (1970–2 and in 1982–4).
Gallic War(Bellum Gallicum)
Authors: Nice Alexander 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCaesar'sGallic War(Bellum Gallicum), written between 58 and 50bce,is an autobiographical, third‐person narrative of those campaigns. Seven books recount Caesar's actions from 58 to 52. An additional book by Caesar's legate, Aulus Hirtius (cos. 43), relates events from 51 and 50. While the Gallic War had an ostensibly propagandistic value for Caesar in promoting his image at Rome, it also offers an unparalleled opportunity to explore the linguistic, rhetorical, and historical processes of one of Rome's most dynamic politicians and eminent intellectuals.
Nanoparticle dispersion in porous media: Effects of hydrodynamic interactions and dimensionality
Authors: Mangal Deepak , Conrad Jacinta C. , Palmer Jeremy C. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractWe investigate the effect of steric and hydrodynamic interactions (HI) on quiescent diffusion and flow‐driven transport of finite‐sized nanoparticles through periodic 2D (two‐dimensional) and 3D (three‐dimensional) nanopost arrays using Stokesian dynamics simulations. We find that steric and HI hinder particle diffusivity under quiescent conditions and enhance longitudinal dispersion under flow. Moreover, the presence of HI leads to a power‐law increase in the longitudinal dispersion coefficient with Pe due to spatial variations in the fluid velocity. Lastly, our simulations reveal that longitudinal particle dispersion coefficients behave similarly in 2D and 3D when HI are included.
Color‐hierarchies in executive control of monkeys' behavior
Authors: Ghasemian Sadegh , Vardanjani Marzieh M. , Sheibani Vahid , Mansouri Farshad A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractProcessing advantages for particular colors (color‐hierarchies) influence emotional regulation and cognitive functions in humans and manifest as an advantage of the red color, compared with the green color, in triggering response inhibition but not in response execution. It remains unknown how such color‐hierarchies emerge in human cognition and whether they are the unique properties of human brain with advanced trichromatic vision. Dominant models propose that color‐hierarchies are formed as experience‐dependent learning that associates various colors with different human‐made conventions and concepts (e.g., traffic lights). We hypothesized that if color‐hierarchies modulate cognitive functions in trichromatic nonhuman primates, it would indicate a preserved neurobiological basis for such color‐hierarchies. We trained six macaque monkeys to perform cognitive tasks that required behavioral control based on colored cues. Color‐hierarchies significantly influenced monkeys' behavior and appeared as an advantage of the red color, compared to the green, in triggering response inhibition but not response execution. For all monkeys, the order of color‐hierarchies, in response inhibition and also execution, was similar to that in humans. In addition, the cognitive effects of color‐hierarchies were not limited to the trial in which the colored cues were encountered but also persisted in the following trials in which there was no colored cue on the visual scene. These findings suggest that color‐hierarchies are not resulting from association of colors with human‐made conventions and that simple processing advantage in retina or early visual pathways does not explain the cognitive effects of color‐hierarchies. The discovery of color‐hierarchies in cognitive repertoire of monkeys indicates that although the evolution of humans and monkeys diverged in about 25 million years ago, the color‐hierarchies are evolutionary preserved, with the same order, in trichromatic primates and exert overarching effects on the executive control of behavior.
Defect‐Assisted Loading and Docking Conformations of Pharmaceuticals in Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Fu Yao , Kang Zhengzhong , Cao Weicheng , Yin Jinglin , Tu Yaoquan , Li Jianhua , Guan Hanxi , Wang Yiran , Wang Qi , Kong Xueqian 
Published: January 2021

AbstractUnderstanding of drug–carrier interactions is essential for the design and application of metal–organic framework (MOF)‐based drug‐delivery systems, and such drug–carrier interactions can be fundamentally different for MOFs with or without defects. Herein, we reveal that the defects in MOFs play a key role in the loading of many pharmaceuticals with phosphate or phosphonate groups. The host–guest interaction is dominated by the Coulombic attraction between phosphate/phosphonate groups and defect sites, and it strongly enhances the loading capacity. For similar molecules without a phosphate/phosphonate group or for MOFs without defects, the loading capacity is greatly reduced. We employed solid‐state NMR spectroscopy and molecular simulations to elucidate the drug–carrier interaction mechanisms. Through a synergistic combination of experimental and theoretical analyses, the docking conformations of pharmaceuticals at the defects were revealed.
On the Redox Mechanism of Low‐Temperature NH3‐SCR over Cu‐CHA: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study of the Reduction Half Cycle
Authors: Hu Wenshuo , Selleri Tommaso , Gramigni Federica , Fenes Endre , Rout Kumar R. , Liu Shaojun , Nova Isabella , Chen De , Gao Xiang , Tronconi Enrico 
Published: January 2021

AbstractCu‐CHA is the state‐of‐the‐art catalyst for the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) of NOx in vehicle applications. Although extensively studied, diverse mechanistic proposals still stand in terms of the nature of active Cu‐ions and reaction pathways in SCR working conditions. Herein we address the redox mechanism underlying Low‐Temperature (LT) SCR on Cu‐CHA by an integration of chemical‐trapping techniques, transient‐response methods, operando UV/Vis‐NIR spectroscopy with modelling tools based on transient kinetic analysis and density functional theory calculations. We show that the rates of the Reduction Half‐Cycle (RHC) of LT‐SCR display a quadratic dependence on CuII, thus questioning mechanisms based on isolated CuII‐ions. We propose, instead, a CuII‐pair mediated LT‐RHC pathway, in which NO oxidative activation to mobile nitrite‐precursor intermediates accounts for CuII reduction. These results highlight the role of dinuclear Cu complexes not only in the oxidation part of LT‐SCR, but also in the RHC reaction cascade.
Amine‐to‐Azide Conversion on Native RNA via Metal‐Free Diazotransfer Opens New Avenues for RNA Manipulations
Authors: Krasheninina Olga A. , Thaler Julia , Erlacher Matthias D. , Micura Ronald 
Published: January 2021

AbstractA major challenge in the field of RNA chemistry is the identification of selective and quantitative conversion reactions on RNA that can be used for tagging and any other RNA tool development. Here, we introduce metal‐free diazotransfer on native RNA containing an aliphatic primary amino group using the diazotizing reagent fluorosulfuryl azide (FSO2N3). The reaction provides the corresponding azide‐modified RNA in nearly quantitatively yields without affecting the nucleobase amino groups. The obtained azido‐RNA can then be further processed utilizing well‐established bioortho‐gonal reactions, such as azide‐alkyne cycloadditions (Click) or Staudinger ligations. We exemplify the robustness of this approach for the synthesis of peptidyl‐tRNA mimics and for the pull‐down of 3‐(3‐amino‐3‐carboxypropyl)uridine (acp3U)‐ and lysidine (k2C)‐containing tRNAs of an Escherichia coli tRNA pool isolated from cellular extracts. Our approach therefore adds a new dimension to the targeted chemical manipulation of diverse RNA species.
Zonisamide effects on sleep problems and depressive symptoms in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Suzuki Keisuke , Fujita Hiroaki , Matsubara Takeo , Haruyama Yasuo , Kadowaki Taro , Funakoshi Kei , Watanabe Yuji , Hirata Koichi 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to evaluate the effect of zonisamide (ZNS) on motor symptoms and nonmotor symptoms such as depressive symptoms and sleep problems in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with or without tremor.MethodsWe conducted a 3‐month, open‐label study to assess the effects of ZNS on motor symptoms, depressive symptoms and sleep problems. Twenty levodopa‐treated PD patients with motor fluctuation completed the study. Patients received 25–50 mg/day of ZNS and were assessed for the Japanese version of the Movement Disorder Society Revision of the Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS) parts I, III, and IV, PD Sleep Scale (PDSS)‐2, Beck depression inventory‐2 (BDI‐II), and PD Questionnaire (PDQ‐8) at baseline and after 1, 2 and 3 months of treatment. Patients were categorized into the tremor group and nontremor group to assess changes in clinical parameters.ResultsAt 3 months, the scores on the MDS‐UPDRS parts I, III and IV significantly improved and off‐time reduced compared to baseline. Additionally, the PDSS‐2 total score significantly decreased at 3 months. Although there were no significant differences in changes in UPDRS part I, III, or IV between the groups after ZNS treatment, the tremor group had significant improvements in PDSS‐2 at 3 months and BDI‐II at 1, 2 and 3 months compared with the nontremor group.ConclusionWe showed the beneficial effects of ZNS on motor symptoms and sleep problems in levodopa‐treated PD patients with motor fluctuation. ZNS may be more effective for several nonmotor symptoms in PD patients with tremor compared with those without tremor.
Discovery of an Allosteric Ligand Binding Site in SMYD3 Lysine Methyltransferase
Authors: Talibov Vladimir O. , Fabini Edoardo , FitzGerald Edward A. , Tedesco Daniele , Cederfelt Daniela , Talu Martin J. , Rachman Moira M. , Mihalic Filip , Manoni Elisabetta , Naldi Marina , Sanese Paola , Forte Giovanna , Lepore Signorile Martina , Barril Xavier , Simone Cristiano , Bartolini Manuela , Dobritzsch Doreen , Del Rio Alberto , Danielson U. Helena 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSMYD3 is a multifunctional epigenetic enzyme with lysine methyltransferase activity and various interaction partners. It is implicated in the pathophysiology of cancers but with an unclear mechanism. To discover tool compounds for clarifying its biochemistry and potential as a therapeutic target, a set of drug‐like compounds was screened in a biosensor‐based competition assay. Diperodon was identified as an allosteric ligand; its R and S enantiomers were isolated, and their affinities to SMYD3 were determined (KD=42 and 84 μM, respectively). Co‐crystallization revealed that both enantiomers bind to a previously unidentified allosteric site in the C‐terminal protein binding domain, consistent with its weak inhibitory effect. No competition between diperodon and HSP90 (a known SMYD3 interaction partner) was observed although SMYD3–HSP90 binding was confirmed (KD=13 μM). Diperodon clearly represents a novel starting point for the design of tool compounds interacting with a druggable allosteric site, suitable for the exploration of noncatalytic SMYD3 functions and therapeutics with new mechanisms of action.
Mixed Organometallic–Organic Hybrid Assemblies Based on the Diarsene Complex [Cp2Mo2(CO)4(μ,η2‐As2)], AgI Salts and N‐Donor Organic Molecules
Authors: Elsayed Moussa Mehdi , Shelyganov Pavel A. , Seidl Michael , Peresypkina Eugenia , Berg Nele , Gschwind Ruth M. , Balázs Gábor , Schiller Jana , Scheer Manfred 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe reaction of the organometallic diarsene complex [Cp2Mo2(CO)4(η2‐As2)] (1) with Ag[Al{OC(CF3)3}4] (Ag[TEF]) yielded the AgI monomer [Ag(η2‐1)3][TEF] (2). This compound exhibits dynamic behavior in solution, which allows directed selective synthesis of unprecedented organometallic–organic hybrid assemblies upon its reaction with N‐donor organic molecules by a stepwise pathway, which is supported by DFT calculations. Accordingly, the reaction of 2 with 2,2′‐bipyrimidine (L1) yielded the dicationic molecular compound [{(η2‐1)2Ag}2(μ‐L1)][TEF]2 (3) or the 1D polymer [{(η2‐1)Ag}(μ‐L1)]n[TEF]n (4) depending on the ratio of the reactants. However, its reactions with the pyridine‐based linkers 4,4′‐bipyridine (L2), 1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethylene (L3) and 1,2‐bis(4‐pyridyl)ethyne (L4) allowed the formation of the 2D polymers [{(η2‐1)Ag}2(μ‐Lx)3]n[TEF]2n [Lx=L2 (5), L3 (6), L4 (7), respectively]. Additionally, this concept was extended to step‐by‐step one‐pot reactions of 1, [Ag(CH3CN)3][Al{OC(CF3)2(CCl3)}4] ([Ag(CH3CN)3][TEFCl]) and linkers L2–L4 to produce the 2D polymers [{(η2‐1)Ag}2(μ,Lx)3]n[TEFCl]2n [Lx=L2 (8), L3 (9), L4 (10), respectively].