bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The state of restroom facilities as a measure of cleaning service quality in an educational institution
Authors: Okoro Chioma Sylvia , Nkambule Malusi , Kruger Andre 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
Sourcing decisions are important considerations in organizations’ strategic and policy resolutions. Given sometimes conflicting factors such as cost and financial implications, individual perceptions and motivation, health and safety of facility users, and organizational objectives, finding a balance and basis for making such decisions, presently and in future, is crucial. This paper aims to investigate the quality of services delivered by an insourced cleaning service team in a higher learning institution. The objective of the study is to establish the condition of the facilities (restrooms) in the institution, and thus the quality of services delivered by the insourced team.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopted a descriptive approach including observation and scoring to obtain and analyse information about the state of five restrooms on two campuses of the institution.

Findings
Findings revealed that the condition of the restrooms inspected over a period of five weeks was good, except for a week where there was low water supply on the sampled campuses. Further findings revealed that restrooms provided in the library were paid more attention to.

Practical implications
The findings from the study are envisaged to assist facilities management stakeholders and organizations’ management in making decisions on sourcing services and supporting core business functions.

Originality/value
Better decision-making can be made to improve the quality of services provided by sourcing teams, which will contribute to supporting core strategies and increasing value-add and image of organizations.
Forecasting Islamic securities index using artificial neural networks: performance evaluation of technical indicators
Authors: Aslam Faheem , Mughal Khurrum S. , Ali Ashiq , Mohmand Yasir Tariq 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop a precise Islamic securities index forecasting model using artificial neural networks (ANNs).Design/methodology/approachThe data of daily closing prices of KMI-30 index span from Aug-2009 to Oct-2019. The data of 2,520 observations are divided into training and test data sets by using the 80:20 ratio, which corresponds to 2016 and 504 observations, respectively. In total, 25 features are used; however, in model selection step, based on maximum accuracy, top ten indicators are selected from several iterations of predictive models.FindingsThe results of feature selection show that top five influencing indicators on Islamic index include Bollinger Bands, Williams Accumulation Distribution, Aroon Oscillator, Directional Movement and Forecast Oscillator while Mesa Sine Wave is the least important. The findings show that the model captures much of the trend and some of the undulations of the original series.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study may have important implications for investment and risk management by using index-based products.Originality/valueNumerous studies proved that traditional econometric techniques face significant challenges in out-of-sample predictability due to model uncertainty and parameter instability. Recent studies show an upsurge of interest in machine learning algorithms to improve the prediction accuracy.
The investigation on infoecology in the field of smart manufacturing
Authors: Asemi Asefeh , Ko Andrea 
Published: October 2020

PurposeThe present study is aimed to determine the infoecology of scientific articles in the field of smart manufacturing (SM). The researchers designed a general framework for the investigation of infoecology.Design/methodology/approachThe qualitative and quantitative data collection methods are applied to collect data from the Scopus and experts. The bibliometric technique, clustering and graph mining are applied to analysis data by Scopus data analysis tools, VOSviewer and Excel software.FindingsIt is concluded that researchers paid attention to “Flow Control”, “Embedded Systems”, “IoT”, “Big Data” and “Cyber-Physical System” more than other infocenose. Finally, a thematic model presented based on the infoecology of SM in Scopus for future studies. Also, as future work, designing a “research-related” metamodel for SM would be beneficial for the researchers, to highlight the main future research directions.Practical implicationsThe results of the present study can be applied to the following issues: (1) To make decisions based on research and scientific evidence and conduct scientific research on real needs and issues in the field of SM, (2) Holding the workshops on infoecology to determine research priorities with the presence of experts in related industries, (3) Determining the most important areas of research in order to improve the index of applied research, (4) Assist in prioritizing research in the field of SM to select a set of research and technological activities and allocate resources effectively to these activities, (5) Helping to increase the relationship between research and technological activities with the economic and long-term goals of industry and society, (6) Helping to prioritize the issues of SM in research and technology in order to target the allocation of financial and human capital and solving the main challenges and take advantage of opportunities, (7) Helping to avoid fragmentation of work and providing educational infrastructure based on prioritized research needs and (8) Helping to hold start-ups and the activities of knowledge-based companies based on research priorities in the field of SM.Originality/valueThe analysis results demonstrated that the information ecosystem of SM studies dynamically developed over time. The continuous conduction flow of scientific studies in this field brought continuous changes into the infoecology of this field.
Investigating the role of social media on mental health
Authors: Sadagheyani Hassan Ebrahimpour , Tatari Farin 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
Today with the internet expansion, social media has also been identified as a factor in evolutions. Social media is the title used to refer to the set of sites and tools that have been born and developed in the space created by modern media such as communication networks, the internet and mobile phones. The effects of emerging phenomena, such as social media on human health, especially mental health, are important. As the effects of social media on users mental health is unclear, and the evidence in this field is contradictory, this study aims to determine the role of social media on mental health.

Design/methodology/approach
The current study was a review conducted in 2020. According to keywords, an extensive search was conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Magiran and SID databases. In total, 501 articles were obtained. The articles were screened in three stages. Finally, out of 501 evaluated articles, 50 cases were carefully assessed and included in the study.

Findings
The findings showed that social media has negative and positive effects on mental health. Negative effects included anxiety, depression, loneliness, poor sleep quality, poor mental health indicators, thoughts of self-harm and suicide, increased levels of psychological distress, cyber bullying, body image dissatisfaction, fear of missing out and decreased life satisfaction. Positive effects included accessing other people’s health experiences and expert health information, managing depression, emotional support and community building, expanding and strengthening offline networks and interactions, self-expression and self-identity, establish and maintain relationships.

Originality/value
The impact of social media on mental health can be considered as a double-edged sword. The important thing is to be able to reduce the negative effects of social media on mental health and turn it into an opportunity by implementing appropriate strategies and actions and to increase and strengthen the positive effects.
Defining urban design strategies: an analysis of Iskenderun city center’s imageability
Authors: Güngör Onur , Harman Aslan Ebru 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
Legibility, intelligibility, mental images and cognitive and syntactical mapping are significant issues that help expose the spatial knowledge necessary for effective urban design. They also help us understand how a city’s new image is forming. This paper aims to present a new holistic approach to define urban design strategies that improve a city’s imageability through cognitive and syntactic concepts.

Design/methodology/approach
The study establishes a coherent framework by including residents’ mental images and space syntax theory’s descriptors to understand how residents perceive their physical environment. Using a mixed-methods research design, the authors studied the Iskenderun city center’s image and spatial design. First, the authors used descriptive analysis techniques (questionnaires, verbal interviews and cognitive mapping) and consulted 110 Iskenderun residents. Second, the authors used analytical analysis techniques to investigate the structural relations among city elements with the help of space syntax descriptors.

Findings
The results demonstrated the importance of applying combined descriptive and analytic techniques to provide an understanding of the city’s image. The authors also offered a proposal including the appropriate urban design strategies to promote Iskenderun city center’s imageability.

Originality/value
Applying this new coherent framework can support design decision-making for redesigning cities at the micro level and for planning new cityscapes at the macro level.
Low cost and miniaturized NDIR system for CO2 detection applications
Authors: Makhdoumi Akram Mohammad , Nikfarjam Alireza , Hajghassem Hassan , Ramezannezhad Mohammad , Iraj Massoud 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
The importance of Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas detection as a greenhouse and exhale breathe gas is an undeniable issue. This study aims to propose a new miniaturized, low cost and portable no dispersive infrared (NDIR) system for detecting CO2 gas.

Design/methodology/approach
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)-based channels with Au coating because of its high reflection properties in IR region were used in this work. The optical windows were fabricated using PDMS polymer which is cost effective and novel in comparison to other conventional methods. The effects of channel dimensions, lengths and entrance angle of light on optical path length and losses were analyzed with four types of channel using both simulation and experimental tests.

Findings
The simulation results indicate that the 0 degree light entrance angle is the most efficient angle among different investigated conditions. The experimental data are in agreement with the simulation results regarding the loss and optical path length in different types of channel. The experimental tests were performed for the 0.5% up to 20% of CO2 concentration under constant temperature and humidity condition. The results show that the device with 5  and 2 cm channels length were saturated in 4% and 8% concentration of CO2 gas, respectively. Response and recovery times were depending on gas concentration and channels specifications that in average found to be 10 S and 14 S, respectively, for the largest size channel. Moreover, the environment humidity effect on detection system performance was investigated which had no considerable influence. Also, the saturation fraction absorbance value for devices with various dimensions were 0.62 and 0.8, respectively.

Practical implications
According to the performed curve fitting for practical situation and selected CO2 concentration range for experimental tests, the device is useful for medical and environmental applications.

Originality/value
PMMA with Au deposition layer was used as a basic material for this NDIR system. Besides, a novel PDMS optical window helps to have a low cost device. The effects of channel dimensions, lengths and entrance angle of light on optical path length and losses were analyzed using both simulation and experimental tests. Using narrowband optical filter (100 nm bandwidth) helps to have a system with good CO2 selectivity. In addition, experimental tests with different channel dimensions and lengths covered a considerable range of CO2 concentration useful for medical and environmental applications. Finally, curve fitting was adopted for a modified Beer–Lambert law as a practical situation.
Strategies for transcending the chaos of societal disruptions
Authors: Camillus John C. , Baker Jeffrey E. , Daunt Anushka I. , Jang Jungyoon 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
This study aims to offer a strategic management response to societal disruptions of the magnitude triggered by the agricultural, industrial and information revolutions. These pose challenges that are much greater and different in kind than the industry-wide disruptions that businesses have learned to manage. Pandemics, climate change, biotech and artificial intelligence guarantee that such societal disruptions will be an inescapable and recurring reality.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper builds on the strategic management responses to wicked problems, which possess in microcosm the chaotic ambiguity that characterizes societal disruptions.

Findings
The authors propose a management process that affirms a sense of identity, identifies robust actions, adopts a real-options approach and uses a platform organization.

Research limitations/implications
The primary limitation is that the recommendations and findings are extrapolations of organizational practices in analogous situations. No examples of formal management processes specifically designed to address societal disruptions were identified.

Practical implications
The practical implications are significant. The specific recommendations in the paper directly address strategic management practice in organizations.

Social implications
The social implications are integral to the motivation of the paper as it describes the intrinsic characteristics of societal change and transformation, enabling organizations to interact with society on a dynamic basis.

Originality/value
While there has been growing interest and research into business and industry disruptions, the challenge of societal disruptions, which is the focus of this paper, has not been directly addressed.
Short‐term resistance that persists: Rapidly induced silicon anti‐herbivore defence affects carbon‐based plant defences
Authors: Waterman Jamie M. , Hall Casey R. , Mikhael Meena , Cazzonelli Christopher I. , Hartley Susan E. , Johnson Scott N. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Silicon (Si) is known to alleviate diverse biotic and abiotic stresses including insect herbivory. Si accumulation in plants, notably the Poaceae, can be induced through stimulation of the jasmonic acid (JA) pathway (associated with chewing herbivores). Nevertheless, the temporal dynamics of Si accumulation as a defence response and its consequential effects on carbon‐based defences (e.g. phenolics), particularly in the short‐term, remain unclear.

The model grass Brachypodium distachyon was grown in a hydroponic solution where half the plants were supplemented with 2 mM potassium silicate and half had no Si supplied. Plants were treated with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) as a form of standardised simulated herbivory. We measured Si accumulation, the phytohormones JA and salicylic acid (SA) and carbon‐based defences over 24 hr to determine the temporal dynamics of Si accumulation and the interplay between Si, simulated herbivory and plant defence machinery.

MeJA‐induced Si accumulation occurred as early as 6 hr after treatment via increased JA concentrations. Si supplementation decreased SA concentrations, which could have implications on additional downstream defences. We show a trade‐off between Si and phenolics in untreated plants, but this relationship was weakened upon MeJA treatment. Further, this trade‐off did not apply to the phenolic precursor compound, phenylalanine.

We provide evidence for rapidly induced Si accumulation associated with herbivory, and that increased Si accumulation impacts on phytohormones and carbon‐based defences over a 24‐hr period. Additionally, herbivory modifies the relationship between Si‐ and carbon‐based defences. Thus, in addition to its well‐documented role as a long‐term defence against herbivores, we demonstrate that, over short‐term temporal scales, Si accumulation responds to herbivore signals and impacts on plant defence machinery.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Environmental predictability drives adaptive within‐ and transgenerational plasticity of heat tolerance across life stages and climatic regions
Authors: Diaz Fernando , Kuijper Bram , Hoyle Rebecca B. , Talamantes Nathaniel , Coleman Joshua M. , Matzkin Luciano M. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Although environmental variability and predictability have been proposed as the underlying ecological context in which transgenerational plasticity (TGP) arises, the adaptive significance and interaction with within‐generation plasticity (WGP) in such scenarios is still poorly understood. To investigate these questions, we considered the tolerance to upper thermal limits of larvae and adults of the desert endemic Drosophila mojavensis adapted to different climatic regions (Desert vs. Mediterranean climate).

Thermal plasticity was investigated by acclimating parents and offspring at 36°C (vs. at 25°C). We then used historical temperature variation data from both regions to perform individual‐based simulations by modelling expected components of adaptive plasticity in multiple life stages.

Our results indicated that thermal response to ramping heat shocks was more pronounced in larvae, where acclimation treatments in parents and offspring increased their heat‐shock performance, while heat knockdown in adults was only increased by offspring acclimation of adults. The relative contribution of WGP and TGP was greater for the population from the more thermally variable Sonoran Desert.

Similarly, individual‐based simulations of evolving maternal effects indicated that variation in tolerance to upper thermal limits across life stages and climates is expected from its adaptive significance in response to environmental predictability.

Our approach offers a new perspective and interpretation of adaptive plasticity, demonstrating that environmental predictability can drive thermal responses across generations and life stages in a scenario with regional climate variability.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Observation of leaf phenology of trees in a secondary deciduous broad‐leaved forest in northern Chugoku mountain range, western Japan, from 2004 to 2016
Authors: Ozaki Yoshinobu , Kasai Erika , Yamashita Tamon 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLong‐term record of leaf phenology of woody plants that have high longevity and that have been growing on the same site for a longer time could be one of the good indicators for assessing the effects of climate change on forest ecosystem functioning. Since climatic conditions could be different among locations, we need to record the phenology of forest plants growing under various climate types. Here, we report seasonal changes in leaf abundance of deciduous trees during a 13‐year period in the Sambe Forest of Shimane University located in northern Chugoku mountain range, western Japan (35°9′N, 132°37′–40′E, 300–628 m above sea level [asl]). Northern Chugoku mountain range is situated in the west end of Japan Sea side climate. Our study would provide the first record of tree phenology in this region. We examined eight species belonging to eight genera common in a secondary deciduous broad‐leaved forest in western Japan. Habitats of native trees ranged from canopy to understory in the forest and pioneers in an open site. Some of trees were exceptionally planted in an arboretum in the Sambe Forest. Leaf types included single leaf (i.e., Carpinus tschonoskii, Swida macrophylla, etc.) and pinnate leaves (i.e., Aesculus turbinata and Phellodendron amurense). We observed changes in the relative leaf abundance caused by budburst, leaf expansion and leaf shedding of the fixed shoots of targeted trees during 3‐day to 3‐week intervals from March to December each year from 2004 to 2016. Over the 13‐year period, we used a digital camera to take photographs of the shoots that were processed to estimate the leaf abundance. Our data was obtained from common tree species that have a wide habitat range and are distributed nationwide. Therefore, comparison of our data with those data in other climate types may significantly contribute to understand the effect of climate change across Japan on forest plants.The complete data set for this abstract published in the Data Paper section of the journal is available in electronic format in MetaCat in JaLTER at http://db.cger.nies.go.jp/JaLTER/metacat/metacat/ERDP-2020-20.1/jalter-en.
Ursodeoxycholic acid in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: a secondary analysis of the PITCHES trial
Authors: Fleminger J , Seed PT , Smith A , Juszczak E , Dixon PH , Chambers J , Dorling J , Williamson C , Thornton JG , Chappell LC 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether a particular group of women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), based on their presenting characteristics, would benefit from treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA).DesignSecondary analysis of the PITCHES trial (ISRCTN91918806).SettingUnited Kingdom.Population or Sample527 women with ICP.MethodsSubgroup analyses were performed to determine whether baseline bile acid concentrations or baseline itch scores moderated a woman’s response to treatment with UDCA.Main outcome measuresBile acid concentration and itch score.ResultsIn women with baseline bile acid concentrations less than 40 μmol/l, treatment with UDCA resulted in increased post‐randomisation bile acid concentrations (geometric mean ratio 1.19, 95% CI 1.00–1.41, P = 0.048). A test of interaction showed no significance (P = 0.647). A small, clinically insignificant difference was seen in itch response in women with a high baseline itch score (–6.0 mm, 95% CI −11.80 to −0.21, P = 0.042), with a test of interaction not showing significance (P = 0.640). Further subgroup analyses showed no significance. Across all women there was a weak relationship between bile acid concentrations and itch severity.ConclusionsThere was no subgroup of women with ICP in whom a beneficial effect of treatment with UDCA on bile acid concentration or itch score could be identified. This confirms that its routine use in women with this condition for improvement of bile acid concentration or itch score should be reconsidered.Tweetable abstractPITCHES: No group of women with ICP has been found in whom UDCA reduces bile acid concentrations or pruritus.