bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microencapsulation of Chenpi extract with soy oligopeptides: enhanced retention of flavor compounds and improved bioaccessibility of polyphenolics
Authors: Tingyu Wang , Fei Shen , Ying Liu , Siqin Zhen , Jiawei Zhao , Zhenqiang Wu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDChenpi extract (CPE) is rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, and volatile flavor compounds, and possesses numerous healthy biological effects. However, the low stability and bioaccessibility of CPE significantly limits its application in food development.RESULTSIn this study, CPE microcapsules were prepared using soybean oligopeptide (SOP), maltodextrin (MD), soybean protein isolate (SPI), and citrus insoluble dietary fiber (CIDF) as the encapsulants. The successful encapsulation and thermal stability of the CPE microcapsules were confirmed through structural, interaction characterization, and thermal analyses. Soybean oligopeptide encapsulated 97.89% of the total flavonoids and 95.97% of the total polyphenols in CPE, which was significantly higher than the other three materials (MD, SPI, and CIDF). Soybean oligopeptide also showed good retention capacity for volatile flavor compounds in CPE, especially d‐limonene (47.67%), γ‐terpinene (49.65%), n‐octanal (57.38%), and β‐Myrcene (44.65%). The in vitro digestion results showed that the CPE loaded by SOP was more stable during simulated digestion compared with the CPE loaded by the other three materials. The bioaccessibility of total flavonoids and total polyphenols in CP‐SOP was 96.64% and 88.95%, respectively.CONCLUSIONOverall, these results highlight that SOP is a better carrier for CPE microcapsules, and the distinct characteristics of SOP could significantly improve the quality of Chenpi‐related functional food. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
The utilization of an ultrasonic mung bean protein–starch conjugate as a fat substitute in whipping cream
Authors: Feng Xuewei , Zhu Yingying , Zhang Yongjiu , Hao Xiyu , Li Shiyu , Jiang Chunyang , Su Hang , Yao Yang 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAmidst the rising trend of healthy eating, there is a surge in demand for low‐fat food options. Within the realm of fat substitutes, modified proteins have shown the most effective ability to replace fat due to their nutritional attributes and functional properties. This study focused on the development of a fat substitute for low‐fat whipping cream using the conjugate of ultrasonic mung bean protein and mung bean starch.RESULTSOur findings revealed that the emulsifying properties and solubility of the conjugates were significantly superior to those of mung bean protein alone (P < 0.05). This enhancement was attributed to a smaller particle size, depolymerization of protein molecules and increased total sulfhydryl content, especially the conjugate formed by 60 min ultrasonic mung bean protein and mung bean starch (UMBP60+MS). Incorporating UMBP60+MS as a fat substitute at a 10% ratio in the formulation of low‐fat whipping cream resulted in a product with enhanced apparent viscosity, superior environmental stability, and commendable sensory characteristics. Moreover, the fat digestion rate was significantly reduced by 13.5% with the 10% substitution. This 10% substitution also endowed the whipping cream with the most desirable β′‐type crystal morphology and the most stable three‐dimensional network structure. An intimate encapsulation of fat globules by the conjugate was observed using cryogenic scanning electron microscopy.CONCLUSIONThe UMBP60+MS conjugate emerged as an effective fat substitute in whipping cream, providing significant contributions to addressing health concerns in the food industry. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Oil‐type modulation of the interfacial adsorption behavior of flavonoid‐modified walnut protein hydrolysates to improve the storage stability of high internal phase Pickering emulsions
Authors: Zeng Shengbin , Yang Ziyin , Tang Jiayao , Lv Junfeng , Jin Bei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDCurrently, protein–polyphenol complexes have garnered increasing attention as surface‐active substances in high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs). However, the effects of the oil type and flavonoid structure on the HIPPE‐stabilizing ability of protein–polyphenol complexes remain unclear. Notably, very few studies have investigated the impacts and mechanisms of different oils (olive, flaxseed, and coconut oils) and the effects of the addition of flavonoids (catechin and quercetin) on the interfacial behavior of walnut protein hydrolysates (WPHs) and the co‐oxidation of protein‐lipid in the resulting emulsion during storage.RESULTSIncorporating flavonoids was found to reduce the particle size and enhance WPH emulsification efficiency. Compared with catechin, quercetin demonstrated a greater affinity for adsorption at the oil–water interface, thereby improving the interfacial adsorption properties of WPHs across all the oil phases, although the oil type influenced the concentration of flavonoids at the interface. Excessive WPH–quercetin complex nanoparticles can form a dense multilayer at the interface and compactly pack oil droplets, endowing HIPPEs with higher viscoelasticity, greater storage stability, and stronger protection against lipid and protein oxidation than other WPH‐based HIPPEs do, especially in cases of olive oil–HIPPEs.CONCLUSIONSOur results demonstrated that the interfacial structure of WPH–flavonoid complexes play a major role in the emulsion stabilization efficiency, followed by the type of oil. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Mechanical and Morphological Perspectives on PLA‐Based Thermoplastic Vulcanizates (TPVs): A Brief Review
Authors: Shahroodi Zahra , Momeni Vahid , Moshkriz Ali , Rajabifar Nariman , Darvishi Reza 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPoly(lactic acid) (PLA) brings intriguing prospects to the realm of biodegradable polymers through environmental sustainability, processing, and affordability. However, the widespread use of PLA remains full of challenges mostly because of its brittleness and poor mechanical properties. This review highlighted recent studies on improving PLA brittleness by adding different elastomeric systems and using different crosslinking systems in order to improve the mechanical properties, enhance the interfacial interactions, and stabilize the micromorphology of PLA systems as an effective, promising strategy to mitigate intrinsic PLA problems. Looking at the different microstructures required to achieve better performance, an insightful discussion on the developed morphology between PLA and high‐elastic materials is featured along with reviewing primary mechanical concepts. It concludes with an outlook for static and dynamic vulcanization systems with a perspective of biodegradable PLA and draws attention to the new possibilities that crosslinked PLA can offer.
Update on immunotherapy‐mediated colitis: Clinical features, mechanisms, and management
Authors: Wang Dandan , Zhao Yiwei , Zeng Yiyun , Hu Lanlin , Xu Chuan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractImmunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has radically transformed the field of oncological therapy. However, immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) associated with the treatment might affect the life quality and even threaten the life of cancer patients. Immunotherapy‐mediated colitis (IMC) is one of the most prevalent irAEs, especially in anti‐cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 antibody (CTLA4) therapy. Current management of IMC includes administering immunosuppressants and discontinuing the treatment, which might affect the therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we briefly summarize the development of ICIs in cancer immunotherapy and the incidence, diagnosis, and management of IMC. Recent insights into the cellular and molecular pathways that underpin IMC, perspective research, and promising therapeutic strategies are highlighted. Further understanding of IMC and its implications will assist clinicians in optimizing treatment strategies to mitigate this side effect while maximizing the benefits of ICIs.
Electrophysiological Monitoring of Asymptomatic Transthyretin Mutation Carriers
Authors: Berard Nicolas , Verschueren Annie , Fortanier Etienne , Grapperon Aude‐Marie , Kouton Ludivine , Rebouh Hadia , Gallard Julien , Salort‐Campana Emmanuelle , Attarian Shahram , Delmont Emilien 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTIntroduction/AimsIt is imperative to screen asymptomatic carriers of transthyretin (TTR) mutations to initiate treatment early. The protocol for repeated electrodiagnostic (EDX) assessments over time lacks standardization. Our aim was to report the electrophysiological evolution of a cohort of asymptomatic carriers and to determine which biomarkers were most sensitive to change.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of medical records of asymptomatic carriers identified by screening families with amyloid neuropathy. Carriers who underwent two EDX assessments with a minimum 1‐year interval between studies were selected. EDX included analysis of median, ulnar, tibial, fibular and sural nerves, motor unit number index (MUNIX), electrochemical skin conductance, sympathetic skin response, and heart rate variability on deep breathing. Measurements were compared at first and second examinations.ResultsTwenty‐three carriers were included with a median age of 49 years (interquartile range 37–58). Median time between examinations was 3 years (2–4). Compound muscle and sensory nerve action potential (CMAP and SNAP) amplitudes, nerve conduction velocities, autonomic small fiber testing and MUNIX remained stable except for motor distal latency of the median nerve (+0.07 ms/year) and CMAP duration of the ulnar (+0.10 ms/year) and fibular (+0.12 ms/year) nerves. The CMAP duration of the ulnar nerve was the most sensitive biomarker to change when performed within 10 years preceding the age of the youngest case in the family, with a standardized response mean of 0.91.DiscussionNerve conduction parameters remain relatively stable in asymptomatic TTR carriers. Changes can only be detected using multimodal and extensive electrophysiological tests.
Hybrid Legitimacy‐Seeking Strategies of Social Enterprises in Developing Countries: A Comparative Case Study of Two Microfinance Institutions
Authors: Huang Yixiong , Yin Ximing 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSocial enterprises (SEs) play a pivotal role in addressing the shortcomings of government, business, and the third sector. However, SEs operating in developing countries face a different environment than their counterparts in developed societies due to immature institutional environments. This necessitates the examination of alternative pathways to organizational legitimacy. Through a comparative analysis of two Chinese microfinance social enterprises (MSEs), this article examines how these organizations navigate the complexities of legitimacy within their operating environments. Drawing on the stakeholder perspective and the legitimacy literature, this article proposes that the survival and expansion of SEs in developing countries depend on achieving a hybrid legitimacy encompassing institutional, industry, and market dimensions. The proactive strategies adopted by the two MSEs, such as forging strategic alliances with local authorities, engaging in industry‐recognized reputational activities, and cultivating markets through philanthropic efforts, are instrumental in securing key stakeholders' support and resources. These legitimacy‐building efforts are critical to the survival of SEs and essential to achieving their dual mandate of financial sustainability and social impact. This article adds to the existing body of knowledge by delineating the multiple sources of legitimacy that are relevant to SEs in developing countries, using China as an example. It also highlights the different outcomes of institutionalist versus strategic approaches to legitimacy‐seeking, enriching both academic and practical understandings of SE resilience and growth.
The untapped potential of camera traps for farmland biodiversity monitoring: current practice and outstanding agroecological questions
Authors: Roilo Stephanie , Hofmeester Tim R. , Frauendorf Magali , Widén Anna , Cord Anna F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAgroecosystems are experiencing a biodiversity crisis. Biodiversity monitoring is needed to inform conservation, but existing monitoring schemes lack standardisation and are biased towards birds, insects and plants. Automated monitoring techniques offer a promising solution, but while passive acoustic monitoring and remote sensing are increasingly used, the potential of camera traps (CTs) in farmland remains underexplored. We reviewed CT publications from the last 30 years and found only 59 articles that sampled farmland habitats in Europe. The main research topics addressed management or (avian) conservation issues, such as monitoring wildlife‐livestock interactions, nest predation, and the use of feeders and water troughs. Fewer studies employed landscape‐wide approaches to investigate species' habitat use or activity patterns over large agricultural areas. We discuss existing barriers to a more widespread use of CTs in farmland and suggest strategies to overcome them: boxed CTs tailored for small mammals, reptiles and amphibians, perch‐mounted CTs for raptor monitoring and time‐lapse imagery can help in overcoming the technical challenges of monitoring (small) elusive species in open habitats where misfires and missed detections are more frequent. Such approaches would also expand the taxonomic coverage of farmland monitoring schemes towards under‐surveyed species and species groups. Moreover, the engagement of farmers in CT‐based biodiversity monitoring programmes and advances in computer vision for image classification provide opportunities for low‐cost, broad‐scale and automated monitoring schemes. Research priorities that could be tackled through such CT applications include basic science topics such as unravelling animal space use in agricultural landscapes, and how this is influenced by varying agricultural practices. Management‐related research priorities relate to crop damage and livestock predation by wildlife, disease transmission between wildlife and livestock, effects of agrochemicals on wildlife, and the monitoring and assessment of conservation measures. Altogether, CTs hold great, yet unexplored, potential to advance agroecological research.
Enhancement of Proton Transport in Nafion Membranes via Azol Functional Silica Nanoparticles for PEMFC Applications
Authors: Aslan Ayşe 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study comprises the production and characterization of multifunctional silica nanoparticles and their incorporation into Nafion for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications. A two‐step method was used to produce Azole‐SiO2/Nafion; First, epoxy functional SiO2 nanoparticles were functionalized with 5‐Amino‐Tetrazole (Tet‐SiO2), 3‐Amino‐1,2,4‐Triazole (ATri‐SiO2), and 1H‐1,2,4‐Triazole (Tri‐SiO2) via ring opening of the epoxy unit. After the synthesis of functional nanoparticles, Nafion composite membranes were prepared via the mechanical mixing method. Azole‐SiO2/Nafion composite membranes were characterized by FT‐IR, and TGA were used to investigate the structural thermal properties, and the results indicated that they were thermally stable up to approximately 380 °C. The anhydrous conductivity of the Nafion composite membranes were studied by a dielectric impedance analyzer and maximum conductivity was measured for N‐SiO2‐Tet10 as 1.01 × 10−2 (Scm−1) at 160 °C.
Fabrication of Green and Smart Anti‐Corrosion PDA@Bio‐MOF‐11@Nano‐Curcumin Coating for Mild Steel
Authors: Rezvani Niya Shokoufeh , Benvidi Ali , Zare Hamid R. , Dehghan Tezerjani Marzieh 
Published: December 2024

AbstractCorrosion is a destructive phenomenon which occurs spontaneously in the environment and leads to economic, environmental, and safety problems. The focus of recent studies in the field of corrosion is on replacing harmful inhibitors with biocompatible and cheap ones. In this research, the purpose is to synthesize a smart and self‐healing coating based on a poly dopamine biopolymer containing Bio‐MOF‐11@ nano‐curcumin as a green inhibitor. The characteristics and morphology of the synthesized materials and the effectiveness of these materials as corrosion‐protective coatings were investigated with various techniques including Fourier‐Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐Ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X‐Ray analysis (EDS). The UV–vis technique was also used to evaluate the effect of the inhibitor release at pH 4 and 7. The maximum amount of the inhibitor release after 72 hours was 86.61 ppm at pH 4.0. The corresponding electrochemical studies were conducted through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel plot. Finally, the inhibition rate of the coating was found to be 95.08%, which indicates the good performance of the PDA@Bio‐MOF‐11@Cur NPs coating for corrosion protection of MS in 3.5% NaCl.
Preparation of Zn0.6Cd0.4S/Bi2MoO6 Composite and Its Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B
Authors: Qin Yijin , Li Yan , Wei Liang , Li Meng , Zhang Hongxi , Yang Jing , Yang Xiande 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAs dye wastewater poses increasingly significant harm to the natural environment, the development of visible light responsive catalysts for the efficient degradation of dyes has become imperative. In this work, Zn0.6Cd0.4S solid solution modified Bi2MoO6 was synthesized via a two‐step solvothermal method. The photocatalytic performance of the catalyst was evaluated through the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation. The results indicated that the 10 wt% Zn0.6Cd0.4S/Bi2MoO6 (10% ZCS/BMO) composite exhibited remarkable RhB removal efficiency, achieving 92.8% after 2.5 h, while pristine BMO demonstrated only 53.6% removal. This enhancement was attributed to the successful construction of a heterojunction in the 10% ZCS/BMO composite, which led to low fluorescence intensity, signifying efficient separation of photogenerated carriers. Consequently, the photocatalytic activity of BMO was substantially improved. Furthermore, ·O2− played a pivotal role in RhB degradation. This work provides a reference for the design of efficient visible‐light‐driven catalyst, facilitating the rapid purification of dye wastewater.
Metal‐Coordinated Ligand Radical Species With Non‐innocent Ortho‐aminophenol Functionalities: Reactivity and Catalysis
Authors: Ali Akram , Arora Himanshu , Rajput Amit , Kumar Akhilesh 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis review article presents a comprehensive analysis of metal complexes featuring ortho‐aminophenol based non‐innocent ligands in various oxidation states, including dianion/o‐amidophenolate, monoanion/o‐iminosemiquinonato, and o‐iminoquinonato forms. We focus extensively on the reactivity and catalytic properties of these metal complexes, offering insights into their potential applications and behavior in different chemical environments. The ligands are meticulously categorized based on their denticity, providing a clear framework for understanding their coordination chemistry. Correspondingly, the metal complexes are systematically organized according to the sequence of ligands, ensuring a coherent and logical presentation of the data. The structural approach not only highlights the intricate relationships between ligands and metal centers but also facilitates a deeper understanding of their roles in various catalytic processes.
Design of Novel Thiazole‐based Schiff Analogs as α‐Amylase Inhibitors Using 3D‐QSAR, ADME‐Tox, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics, Biological Efficacy, and Retrosynthesis
Authors: Naanaai Lhoucine , Ouabane Mohamed , Moukhliss Youness , El Aissouq Abdellah , Zaitan Hicham , Bouachrine Mohammed , Khalil Fouad 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study enabled us to develop new analogs of the Schiff thiazole base with high inhibitory activity against the α‐amylase enzyme as effective anti‐diabetic drug candidates. To this end, we used virtual screening methods such as 3D‐QSAR, molecular docking, ADMET properties, molecular dynamics simulation, biological efficacy, and retrosynthesis on selected Schiff thiazole base derivatives. The results of 3D‐QSAR modeling showed that the CoMSIA_DH model has excellent predictive ability (Q2 = 0.71, R2train = 0.978, R2test = 0.987, and SEE = 0.072). Using the template (17), we designed three new ligands with high inhibitory activities against the α‐amylase enzyme. ADMET predictions for designed molecules met Lipinski's rule and pharmacokinetic profiles. The new Ligands were anchored in α‐amylase's active site, showing good binding affinities. The molecular docking results and binding stability of the selected ligands to the receptor were confirmed through molecular dynamics simulations. The CaverDock program was utilized to identify the tunnels through which ligands are most likely to migrate from the active site to the receptor surface, thereby determining the biological efficacy of the target compounds. The study found compound B1 to be the most effective, and using retrosynthesis, a pathway for the synthesis of these therapeutic prospects was identified.
Directional Swimming of B. Subtilis Bacteria Near a Switchable Polar Surface
Authors: Kodithuwakku Arachchige Mahesha , Siddiquee Zakaria , Baza Hend , Twieg Robert , Lavrentovich Oleg D. , Jákli Antal 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe dynamics of swimming bacteria depend on the properties of their habitat media. Recently it is shown that the motion of swimming bacteria dispersed directly in a non‐toxic water‐based lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal can be controlled by the director field of the liquid crystal. Here, we investigate whether the macroscopic polar order of a ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal (NF) can be recognized by bacteria B. Subtilis swimming in a water dispersion adjacent to a glassy NF film by surface interactions alone. Our results show that B. Subtilis tends to move in the direction antiparallel to the spontaneous electric polarization at the NF surface. Their speed is found to be the same with or without a polar NF layer. In contrast to observation on crystal ferroelectric films, the bacteria do not get immobilized. These observations may offer a pathway to creation of polar microinserts to direct bacterial motion in vivo.
Low‐Temperature and Highly Efficient Reduction of O2‐Containing CO2 Mixtures via Pt‐Ni/CeO2 Oxygen Carriers
Authors: Sun Xueyan , Zhao Wei , Wang Chenghua , Lei Yuan , Xiao Hang , Yang Yulong , Zhu Liangliang , Chen Xi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPoor O2 tolerance and high reaction temperature of the conventional oxygen carriers challenge the direct utilization of impure CO2 via chemical looping. Here, Pt‐Ni bimetallic Ce‐based oxygen carriers with excellent O2 tolerance are developed for highly efficient reduction of O2‐containing CO2 at low temperatures. At a temperature as low as 700 °C, high CO2 conversion (≈92%) is obtained over 0.1 wt% Pt‐0.1wt% Ni/CeO2 oxygen carrier in the CO2 feed gas with 16.7% O2 impurities. These results benefit from that Pt‐Ni bimetal plays a crucial role in improving CH4 partial oxidation and accelerating the breaking of the C═O bond to alleviate the competitive oxidation of O2 impurities. Ni compensates for the reduction of low‐temperature redox activity caused by the decrease of Pt content. Moreover, Pt‐Ni/CeO2 oxygen carriers exhibit excellent structural and performance stability during redox cycles. This work presents a feasible strategy for the direct utilization of impure CO2 at low temperatures and realizing a carbon‐neutral cycle.