bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying biodiversity trade-offs in the face of widespread renewable and unconventional energy development
Authors: Popescu Viorel D. , Munshaw Robin G. , Shackelford Nancy , Montesino Pouzols Federico , Dubman Evgenia , Gibeau Pascale , Horne Matt , Moilanen Atte , Palen Wendy J. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe challenge of balancing biodiversity protection with economic growth is epitomized by the development of renewable and unconventional energy, whose adoption is aimed at stemming the impacts of global climate change, yet has outpaced our understanding of biodiversity impacts. We evaluated the potential conflict between biodiversity protection and future electricity generation from renewable (wind farms, run-of-river hydro) and non-renewable (shale gas) sources in British Columbia (BC), Canada using three metrics: greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, electricity cost, and overlap between future development and conservation priorities for several fish and wildlife groups - small-bodied vertebrates, large mammals, freshwater fish – and undisturbed landscapes. Sharp trade-offs in global versus regional biodiversity conservation exist for all energy technologies, and in BC they are currently smallest for wind energy: low GHG emissions, low-moderate overlap with top conservation priorities, and competitive energy cost. GHG emissions from shale gas are 1000 times higher than those from renewable sources, and run-of-river hydro has high overlap with conservation priorities for small-bodied vertebrates. When all species groups were considered simultaneously, run-of-river hydro had moderate overlap (0.56), while shale gas and onshore wind had low overlap with top conservation priorities (0.23 and 0.24, respectively). The unintended cost of distributed energy sources for regional biodiversity suggest that trade-offs based on more diverse metrics must be incorporated into energy planning.
ZnO nanostructures: comparative synthetic and characterisation studies
Authors: Hasany Syed Farhan , Hussain Sajid , Usman Ali Syed M. , Abdul‐Kadhim Wafaa , Amir Muhammad 
Published: May 2020

Tuneful behaviours of nano sized materials have been considered as challenge among researchers to explore the possibility of engaging in diverse applications. In particular, the zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructured materials offer effective metallic behaviours to enhance the applications in the fuel oxidation, pigments, nonlinear optics and solar energy conversion. In the presented research, ZnO nanoparticles are successfully synthesised by (sol–gel and sol–gel and precipitation) techniques, respectively. The physicochemical behaviours of ZnO nanocrystals were inspected by x‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, thermo‐gravimetric analysis, N2 physisorption and NH3 temperature‐programmed desorption techniques. The results revealed that Sol–gel method at lower pH produced smaller particle sizes with larger surface area and well‐established morphology in shorter time at lower temperature conditions, in comparison to precipitation method with higher pH, time and temperature conditions, showed bigger particles with smaller surface area, respectively.
Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Nonacog Beta Pegol (N9-GP) Administered for at Least 5 Years in Previously Treated Children with Hemophilia B
Authors: Carcao Manuel , Kearney Susan , Lu Meng Yao , Taki Masashi , Rubens Daniel , Shen Chunduo , Santagostino Elena 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLong-term safety and efficacy data of extended half-life factor IX (FIX) prophylaxis in children with hemophilia B (HB) are sparse. paradigm 5 is a multinational, open-label, single-arm, phase III trial assessing once-weekly (40 IU/kg) prophylactic nonacog beta pegol (N9-GP) in previously treated patients (PTPs) aged ≤ 12 years with HB (FIX activity ≤ 2%). Primary endpoint: incidence of anti-FIX inhibitory antibodies (≥ 0.6 Bethesda Units). We present a 5-year analysis (N = 25, including remaining patients with ≥ 5 years' follow-up) and compare with a 1-year analysis (≥ 52 weeks' exposure). The main phase enrolled 25 children; 22 entered the extension phase; 17 remained in trial at data cutoff. Median treatment period: 5.6 years/patient; median total number of N9-GP exposure days: 290.0/patient. No patients developed anti-FIX inhibitory antibodies. No other safety concerns, including thromboembolic events, were reported. Neurological examinations have not revealed any new abnormal findings. Sixteen (64.0%) patients remained free from spontaneous bleeds; all bleeds were mild/moderate in severity; 93.0% were controlled with 1 to 2 N9-GP injections. No intracranial hemorrhages were reported. Annualized bleeding rates (ABRs) were very low at 5 years (median/Poisson-estimated mean overall ABR: 0.66/0.99), having decreased from the 1-year analysis (1.00/1.44). Median/Poisson-estimated mean spontaneous ABRs for the 1- and 5-year analyses: 0.00/0.45 and 0.00/0.33. Mean FIX trough activity at 5 years: 17.9%. Mean polyethylene glycol plasma concentration reached steady state at 6 months, increasing slightly over time, in line with increased FIX trough activity. N9-GP administered for ≥ 5 years shows favorable long-term safety and efficacy in PTPs with HB (FIX activity ≤ 2%).
Neonatal Late Onset Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Authors: Costa Simonetta , Buonsenso Danilo , Sanguinetti Maurizio , Cattani Paola , Posteraro Brunella , Marchetti Simona , Carducci Brigida , Lanzone Antonio , Tamburrini Enrica , Vento Giovanni , Valentini Piero 
Published: May 2020

Objective To date, no information on late-onset infection in newborns to mother with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) contracted in pregnancy are available. This study aimed to evaluate postdischarge SARS-CoV-2 status of newborns to mothers with COVID-19 in pregnancy that, at birth, were negative to SARS-CoV-2.
Study Design This is an observational study of neonates born to mothers with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Results Seven pregnant women with documented SARS-CoV-2 infection have been evaluated in our institution. One woman had a spontaneous abortion at 8 weeks of gestational age, four women recovered and are still in follow-up, and two women delivered. Two newborns were enrolled in the study. At birth and 3 days of life, newborns were negative to SARS-CoV-2. At 2-week follow-up, one newborn tested positive although asymptomatic.
Conclusion Our findings highlight the importance of follow-up of newborns to mothers with COVID-19 in pregnancy, since they remain at risk of contracting the infection in the early period of life and long-term consequences are still unknown.
Key Points
Hospital Safety-Net Burden and Risk for Readmissions and Severe Maternal Morbidity
Authors: McKinley Lilian P. , Wen Timothy , Gyamfi-Bannerman Cynthia , Wright Jason D. , Goffman Dena , Sheen Jean-Ju , D'Alton Mary E. , Friedman Alexander M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to analyze whether hospital safety-net burden status is associated with increased risk for severe maternal morbidity (SMM) and postpartum readmissions.
Study Design The 2010 to 2014 Nationwide Readmissions Database was utilized for this retrospective cohort study. Hospitals were categorized as high-burden hospitals (25% of hospitals with the highest safety-net burden), medium-burden hospitals (50% of hospitals with intermediate safety-net burden), and low-burden hospitals (25% of hospitals with the lowest safety-net burden) based on the proportions of Medicaid or uninsured patients. Risk for (1) SMM, (2) 60-day postpartum readmissions, and (3) SMM during postpartum readmissions was analyzed. Unadjusted and adjusted log-linear regression models were performed, respectively, for these outcomes with unadjusted risk ratio (RR) and adjusted RR (aRR) as measures of effect. Adjusted models included demographic, hospital, and clinical factors.
Results High-burden safety-net status was associated with increased risk for SMM compared with low-burden safety-net status in both unadjusted (RR: 1.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.50–1.53) and adjusted analyses (aRR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.25–1.30). High-burden status was also associated with increased risk for readmissions in unadjusted analyses (RR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.40–1.44), although this risk was attenuated in adjusted analyses (aRR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.06–1.08). High-burden status was associated with significantly increased risk for readmission for uterine infections, hypertensive diseases of pregnancy, and psychiatric diagnoses. High-burden status was not associated with severe morbidity during readmissions in adjusted or unadjusted analyses (RR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.98–1.05; aRR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92–0.99).
Conclusion This study found that high safety-net burden hospitals may be a higher risk setting for obstetric care. Improvement of outcomes in high-burden settings may be important in overall efforts to reduce maternal risk.
Photonic methods and technologies for monitoring the ocean and atmosphere
Authors: Kulchin Yu.N. , Voznesensky S.S. , Gamayunov E.L. , Golik S.S. , Ilyin A.A. , Kamenev O.T. , Nikitin A.I. , Pavlov A.N. , Popik A.Yu. , Romashko R.V. , Subbotin E.P. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we review photonic methods and technologies that are promising for monitoring the ocean and atmosphere and have been implemented mainly in recent years at the Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. We present results of lidar studies that have made it possible to understand key features of ocean – atmosphere interaction processes under continent – ocean transition conditions, which determine specific features of the atmospheric aerosol distribution, small gaseous components of the atmosphere and its optical characteristics. We consider methods and tools for combined optical and laser fluorescence monitoring of the ocean surface. Particular attention is paid to results of research on remote methods and tools for real-time laser-induced and laser fluorescence environmental monitoring of the ocean, including specialised fibre-optic probes and mobile underwater robotic systems. We present results of the development and investigation of highly sensitive, noise-proof fibre-optic hydro- and seismic/acoustic sensors for remote monitoring of the ocean and robotic systems for underwater laser protection of marine vessels, hydraulic structures and oceanographic instruments against the negative impact of biofouling.
Applying the potentiating procedure for optimal management of power consumption of technocenose
Authors: Gnatyuk V I , Polevoy S A. , Kivchun O R , Lutsenko D V 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The concept of energy saving potential is introduced and justified in the article. A technique for assessing the energy saving potential of technocenoses is presented. The basis of this technique is the following stages: analysis of information on power consumption, rationing and analysis of power consumption. As an experimental verification of the methodology, the results of determining energy saving potentials for the regional electrical complex of Gasprom extraction Urengoi are presented.
New approach to the implementation of the under frequency load shedding function in micro grid
Authors: Mirzoevich Borbad G. , Makhmudovich Makhmadi S. , Chorshanbiev Sirojiddin R. , Saidzoda Rahimjon H. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In the presented study, a modern method has been developed related to the analysis of the network at 10 kV and 0.4 kV, using the methods of mathematical modeling it is possible to ensure the creation of the same network with different parameters. It can be seen from the work that the UFLS teams make it possible to ensure the stability of the functioning of the electric power system.
Assessment of properties of coal seams as destructible environments
Authors: Linnik V Yu , Linnik Yu N , Zich A , Makar S V , Kerimova Ch V , Sadriddinov M I 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The article analyzes indexes that characterize properties of coal seams and are used in calculation of loads on cutting tools of mining machines, or in selection of drives. Determination of geological structure complexity of coal seams takes into account hard inclusions and dirt bands in coal, as well as their size and lithology type. The notion of coal cuttability in spalled and unspalled face zones is explained using the coefficient of coal spalling. For strength estimation of complex structure coal seams with dirt bands and hard inclusions, it is proposed to use the index of integral cuttability which is the sum of coal cuttability and generalized index of densities and properties of inhomogeneities in the seam. In geological documentation, strength characteristics of inhomogeneities are described using the ultimate compression strength or Protodyakonov factor of hardness (in Russia). For this reason, the authors propose an empirical expression to recalculate cuttability of inhomogeneities in terms of uniaxial compression strength or hardness factor. The estimation algorithms of brittleness, grindability and breakability of coal seams are presented. The formula of coal abrasiveness is given. Systematization of data on breakability of coal seams has made a framework for classification of coal seams as media disintegrated by cutting tools of mining machines.
The Peril of Power: A Tutorial on Using Simulation to Better Understand When and How We Can Estimate Mediating Effects
Authors: Rudolph Kara E , Goin Dana E , Stuart Elizabeth A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Mediation analyses are valuable for examining mechanisms underlying an association, investigating possible explanations for nonintuitive results, or identifying interventions that can improve health in the context of nonmanipulable exposures. However, designing a study for the purpose of answering a mediation-related research question remains challenging because sample size and power calculations for mediation analyses are typically not conducted or are crude approximations. Consequently, many studies are probably conducted without first establishing that they have the statistical power required to detect a meaningful effect, potentially resulting in wasted resources. In an effort to advance more accurate power calculations for estimating direct and indirect effects, we present a tutorial demonstrating how to conduct a flexible, simulation-based power analysis. In this tutorial, we compare power to estimate direct and indirect effects across various estimators (the Baron and Kenny estimator (J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986;51(6):1173–1182), inverse odds ratio weighting, and targeted maximum likelihood estimation) using various data structures designed to mimic important features of real data. We include step-by-step commented R code (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) in an effort to lower implementation barriers to ultimately improving power assessment in mediation studies.
A life in science—a way to conquer your demons (but maybe not the best way)
Authors: Hammer Cornelius 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A career does not follow a straight path. Determination, decision-making, and focus are essential ingredients, as well as a fair amount of flexibility, especially when one is struggling with contradictory signals. Career planning and the necessary decision-making must be learned however, and this may be particularly difficult when negative outcomes are likely and encouragement is rare. Under such circumstances, finding a job that makes one happy could be considered a noteworthy measure of success. However, even after attaining such a position, many tend to compare their own performance and career development with those of the celebrities in the field. This can only result in frustration and insecurity. Furthermore, success in marine science is generally characterized by metrics, together with the manner in which one’s career has advanced through a series of positions occupied in the zig-zag from student life to retirement. For me, a more personal kind of success has been to overcome the fear of failure that arises through constant comparison of my own performance and achievements with those who are perceived as the best in the field. This might be viewed more as social anxiety than fear as I will explain in this article.
The roles of histidine and tyrosine residues in the active site of collagenase in Grimontia hollisae
Authors: Hayashi Kaichi , Ikeuchi Takeaki , Morishita Ryo , Qian Jun , Kojima Kenji , Takita Teisuke , Tanaka Keisuke , Hattori Shunji , Yasukawa Kiyoshi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCollagenase from the Grimontia hollisae strain 1706B (Ghcol) is a zinc metalloproteinase with the zinc-binding motif H492EXXH496. It exhibits higher collagen-degrading activity than the collagenase from Clostridium histolyticum, which is widely used in industry. We previously examined the pH and temperature dependencies of Ghcol activity; Glu493 was thought to contribute acidic pKa (pKe1), while no residue was assigned to contribute alkaline pKa (pKe2). In this study, we introduced nine single mutations at the His or Tyr residues in and near the active site. Our results showed that H412A, H485A, Y497A, H578A and H737A retained the activities to hydrolyze collagen and gelatin, while H426A, H492A, H496A and Y568A lacked them. Purification of active variants H412A, H485A, H578A and H737A, along with inactive variants H492A and H496A, were successful. H412A preferred (7-methoxycoumarin-4-yl)acetyl-L-Lys-L-Pro-L-Leu-Gly-L-Leu-[N3-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-L-2,3-diaminopropionyl]-L-Ala-L-Arg-NH2 to collagen, while H485A preferred collagen to the peptide, suggesting that His412 and His485 are important for substrate specificity. Purification of the active variant Y497A and inactive variants H426A and Y568A were unsuccessful, suggesting that these three residues were important for stability. Based on the reported crystal structure of clostridial collagenase, Tyr568 of Ghcol is suggested to be involved in catalysis and may be the ionizable residue for pKe2.
My favourite flowering image: computed tomographic reconstruction of a crucifer flower
Authors: Nikolov Lachezar A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Crucifer flowers have a stereotypical plan and much of the floral diversity in the family is revealed only by careful observation. This statement holds true for the flower of Stanleya elata, a relative of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, which exhibits a number of distinct features that highlight the value of crucifers in comparative studies. Such comparative approaches in combination with new imaging and genomic technologies provide novel insight into floral structure and diversity.
Dehydroabietinal promotes flowering time and plant defense in Arabidopsis via the autonomous pathway genes FLOWERING LOCUS D, FVE, and RELATIVE OF EARLY FLOWERING 6
Authors: Chowdhury Zulkarnain , Mohanty Devasantosh , Giri Mrunmay K , Venables Barney J , Chaturvedi Ratnesh , Chao Aaron , Petros Robby A , Shah Jyoti 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Abietane diterpenoids are tricyclic diterpenes whose biological functions in angiosperms are largely unknown. Here, we show that dehydroabietinal (DA) fosters transition from the vegetative phase to reproductive development in Arabidopsis thaliana by promoting flowering time. DA’s promotion of flowering time was mediated through up-regulation of the autonomous pathway genes FLOWERING LOCUS D (FLD), RELATIVE OF EARLY FLOWERING 6 (REF6), and FVE, which repress expression of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), a negative regulator of the key floral integrator FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT). Our results further indicate that FLD, REF6, and FVE are also required for systemic acquired resistance (SAR), an inducible defense mechanism that is also activated by DA. However, unlike flowering time, FT was not required for DA-induced SAR. Conversely, salicylic acid, which is essential for the manifestation of SAR, was not required for the DA-promoted flowering time. Thus, although the autonomous pathway genes FLD, REF6, and FVE are involved in SAR and flowering time, these biological processes are not interdependent. We suggest that SAR and flowering time signaling pathways bifurcate at a step downstream of FLD, REF6, and FVE, with an FLC-dependent arm controlling flowering time, and an FLC-independent pathway controlling SAR.
PlaToLoCo: the first web meta-server for visualization and annotation of low complexity regions in proteins
Authors: Jarnot Patryk , Ziemska-Legiecka Joanna , Dobson Laszlo , Merski Matthew , Mier Pablo , Andrade-Navarro Miguel A , Hancock John M , Dosztányi Zsuzsanna , Paladin Lisanna , Necci Marco , Piovesan Damiano , Tosatto Silvio C E , Promponas Vasilis J , Grynberg Marcin , Gruca Aleksandra 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Low complexity regions (LCRs) in protein sequences are characterized by a less diverse amino acid composition compared to typically observed sequence diversity. Recent studies have shown that LCRs may co-occur with intrinsically disordered regions, are highly conserved in many organisms, and often play important roles in protein functions and in diseases. In previous decades, several methods have been developed to identify regions with LCRs or amino acid bias, but most of them as stand-alone applications and currently there is no web-based tool which allows users to explore LCRs in protein sequences with additional functional annotations. We aim to fill this gap by providing PlaToLoCo - PLAtform of TOols for LOw COmplexity—a meta-server that integrates and collects the output of five different state-of-the-art tools for discovering LCRs and provides functional annotations such as domain detection, transmembrane segment prediction, and calculation of amino acid frequencies. In addition, the union or intersection of the results of the search on a query sequence can be obtained. By developing the PlaToLoCo meta-server, we provide the community with a fast and easily accessible tool for the analysis of LCRs with additional information included to aid the interpretation of the results. The PlaToLoCo platform is available at: http://platoloco.aei.polsl.pl/.
Tuberculosis among First Nations, Inuit and Métis children and youth in Canada: Beyond medical management
Authors: Jetty Radha 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFirst Nations, Inuit and Métis people in Canada continue to be disproportionately affected by tuberculosis (TB), a disparity rooted primarily in factors such as poverty, crowded and inadequate housing, food insecurity, and inequitable health care access. Historical TB control practices in Canada have contributed to stigma and discrimination toward those with the disease, as well as fear and mistrust of the health system. These individual and system-level factors result in delays in TB diagnoses, ongoing transmission, poorer outcomes, and lower treatment completion rates. Children are especially vulnerable, as they are more likely to develop disease once infected with TB bacteria and to experience life-threatening conditions such as TB meningitis. Paediatric health professionals can help to increase TB awareness and literacy, reduce stigma and discrimination, and ultimately, improve the quality and uptake of services for treatment and prevention in families and communities at risk. They can also advocate for sustainable, community-driven TB elimination strategies that incorporate First Nations, Inuit and Métis principles of wellness, healing and self-determination.