bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-power cladding pumped Raman fiber amplifier with a record beam quality
Authors: Chen Yizhu , Yao Tianfu , Xiao Hu , Leng Jinyong , Zhou Pu 
Published: March 2020

In this Letter, a high-power, high-brightness all-fiberized Raman amplifier based on a cladding-pumping scheme is presented for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The triple-clad passive fiber is employed as Raman gain fiber in the laser system. The maximum output power is 762.6 W emitting at 1130 nm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest power in the fields of cladding-pumped Raman amplifiers. Through a cladding-pumping process, the beam quality parameter

M

2

improves from 6.12 of seed laser to 2.24 at maximum output power of 762.6 W, while the best

M

2

is 1.9 at 267.2 W. It is also the best beam quality of Raman laser with brightness enhancement in any kind of configuration (graded-index fiber or multi-clad fiber, laser or amplifier, all-fiber or free-space configuration) with power of over 100 W.
Electro- and photon-induced cooling in BNT-BT-SBET relaxors with in situ optical temperature sensing
Authors: Wang Lejian , Zhang Jingji , Wang Jiangying , Yao Yaxuan , Ren Lingling , Chen Xue , Birkett Martin , Dala Laurent , Xu Ben 
Published: March 2020

A novel lead-free luminescent ferroelectric (FE) ceramic,

B
i

0.5

N
a

0.5

T
i
O

3

−

0.

06

B
a
T
i
O

3

−

0.

055

S
r

0.7

B
i

0.18

E
r

0.02

◻

0.1

T
i
O

3

(BNT-BT-SBET), is developed with an adiabatic temperature change (

Δ
T

) of 0.7 K under an electric field (

E

) of 60 kV/cm at room temperature, an anti-Stokes fluorescence cooling, and a maximum optical

T

sensitivity of

0.0055

K

−
1

at 522 K. Interestingly, the electrocaloric response reaches a saturation at permittivity shoulder

T

of 100°C; meanwhile, the maximized emission intensity of

2

H

11

/

2

→
4

I

15

/

2

occurs.

T

- and

E

-tunable enhancement of

2

H

11

/

2

→
4

I

15

/

2

emission intensity is due to the population inversion from the

4

S

3

/

2

to

2

H

11

/

2

states caused by an incoherent regime consisting of FE phase and polar nanoregions in a relaxor matrix.
Deep neural network inversion for 3D laser absorption imaging of methane in reacting flows
Authors: Wei Chuyu , Schwarm Kevin K. , Pineda Daniel I. , Spearrin R. Mitchell 
Published: March 2020

Mid-infrared laser absorption imaging of methane in flames is performed with a learning-based approach to the limited view-angle inversion problem. A deep neural network is trained with superimposed Gaussian field distributions of spectral absorption coefficients, and the prediction capability is compared to linear tomography methods at a varying number of view angles for simulated fields representative of a flame pair. Experimental 3D imaging is demonstrated on a methane–oxygen laminar flame doublet (

<

cm

) backlit with tunable radiation from an interband cascade laser near 3.16 µm. Spectrally resolved data at each pixel provide for species-specific projected absorbance. 2D images were collected at six projection angles on a high-speed infrared camera, yielding an aggregate of 27,648 unique lines of sight capturing the scene with a pixel resolution of

∼
70

µm. Mole fraction measurements are inferred from the predicted absorption coefficient images using an estimated temperature field, showing consistency with expected values from reactant flow rates. To the authors’ knowledge, this work represents the first 3D imaging of methane in a reacting flow.
HEALTH MONITORING OF STUDENTS OF THE III FUNCTIONAL GROUP FOR CONTROLLING AND DESIGNING EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT (PHYSICAL EDUCATION) IN A NON-SPORT UNIVERSITY
Authors: Lebedinsky V , Kuzmina O , Kudryavtsev M , Gruzenkin V , Arutunian T 
Published: March 2020

Aim. The purpose of the article is to study the physical development and physical fitness of students of the III functional group under lack of physical activity and in the conditions of organized classes in a technical university. Materials and methods. The sample included 11 490 full time students (6051 males and 5439 females) aged 17–21 years. The study of physical deve­lopment and physical fitness was conducted in two stages. In all participants, anthropometric and physiometric health data were recorded. These data were studied in dynamics from the 1st to the 4th year. The obtained data were examined stage-by-stage during the academic year and vacation period. Results. Significant differences were obtained in the physical development of girls in terms of weight and height by the end of the third year. The values of the Stange and Gench tests improved by the end of the first year. However, by the end of the second year, the negative dynamics was detected. The results of the Genchtest significantly improved by the end of the fourth year. The study of physical fitness revealed significant positive dynamic in the development of speed and a significant decrease in strength preparedness by the end of the fourth year. By the end of the first year, strength endurance became significantly higher compared with the data obtained at the time of the beginning of training. By the end of the third year endurance decreased significantly. Conclusion. Young people who regularly engage in physical activity during the first two years at the university have a positive trend in most indicators of physical development and physical fitness. Lack of motor activity, caused by a decrease in the number of classes provided for by the general education program, significantly affects endurance, speed, the development of strength (static endurance of the muscles of the shoulder girdle and dynamic strength of the muscles of the lower extremities), speed and strength qualities (6th and 8th semesters), flexibility.
DIFFERENCES IN PHYSICAL PREPAREDNESS OF DIFFERENT GENERATIONS OF FEMALES BORN BY THE MIGRANTS TO YUGRA
Authors: Kuchin R , Stogov M , Nenenko N , Chernitsyna N , Maksimova T 
Published: March 2020

Aim. The purpose of the article is to study the characteristics of changes in physiological parameters and physical preparedness of different generations of females born by migrants to the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District–Yugra and living there. Materials and methods. The study involved 60 females of which three groups were formed. Group 1 (n = 20) – females born in the regions of the middle zone of the Russian Federation who moved to the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District-Yugra no more than 8 months ago. Group 2 (n = 20) – females born and permanently living in the Khanty–Mansi Autonomous District–Yugra, who are children (first generation) of migrants from the regions of the middle zone of the Russian Federation. Group 3 (n = 20) females born and permanently living in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra, who are grandchildren (second generation) of migrants from the regions of the middle zone of the Russian Federation. All subjects were comparable in age. A comprehensive examination was carried out, including an assessment of physical preparedness, anthropometry, physiological parameters, phy­sical activity. Results. No significant differences between the average values of anthropometric indicators were found in the examined subjects. In girls of groups 2 and 3 compared to group 1, a statistically significant increase in variation in body weight, body mass index and chest circumference was found. In group 3, significant differences were noted in the indicators of strength and speed-strength endurance, as well as speed and coordination of movement. The girls of group 1 had a significantly increased value of the Ruffier index compared to other groups. Conclusion. Group 1 had a lower training status of the cardiovascular system and adaptation to living conditions compared to groups 2 and 3. The level of physical preparedness was lower in the subjects of group 3.
Interneuron NMDA Receptor Ablation Induces Hippocampus-Prefrontal Cortex Functional Hypoconnectivity after Adolescence in a Mouse Model of Schizophrenia
Authors: Alvarez Rodrigo J. , Pafundo Diego E. , Zold Camila L. , Belforte Juan E. 
Published: March 2020

Although the etiology of schizophrenia is still unknown, it is accepted to be a neurodevelopmental disorder that results from the interaction of genetic vulnerabilities and environmental insults. Although schizophrenia's pathophysiology is still unclear, postmortem studies point toward a dysfunction of cortical interneurons as a central element. It has been suggested that alterations in parvalbumin-positive interneurons in schizophrenia are the consequence of a deficient signaling through NMDARs. Animal studies demonstrated that early postnatal ablation of the NMDAR in corticolimbic interneurons induces neurobiochemical, physiological, behavioral, and epidemiological phenotypes related to schizophrenia. Notably, the behavioral abnormalities emerge only after animals complete their maturation during adolescence and are absent if the NMDAR is deleted during adulthood. This suggests that interneuron dysfunction must interact with development to impact on behavior. Here, we assessin vivohow an early NMDAR ablation in corticolimbic interneurons impacts on mPFC and ventral hippocampus functional connectivity before and after adolescence. In juvenile male mice, NMDAR ablation results in several pathophysiological traits, including increased cortical activity and decreased entrainment to local gamma and distal hippocampal theta rhythms. In addition, adult male KO mice showed reduced ventral hippocampus-mPFC-evoked potentials and an augmented low-frequency stimulation LTD of the pathway, suggesting that there is a functional disconnection between both structures in adult KO mice. Our results demonstrate that early genetic abnormalities in interneurons can interact with postnatal development during adolescence, triggering pathophysiological mechanisms related to schizophrenia that exceed those caused by NMDAR interneuron hypofunction alone.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNMDAR hypofunction in cortical interneurons has been linked to schizophrenia pathophysiology. How a dysfunction of GABAergic cortical interneurons interacts with maturation during adolescence has not been clarified yet. Here, we demonstratein vivothat early postnatal ablation of the NMDAR in corticolimbic interneurons results in an overactive but desynchronized PFC before adolescence. Final postnatal maturation during this stage outspreads the impact of the genetic manipulation toward a functional disconnection of the ventral hippocampal-prefrontal pathway, probably as a consequence of an exacerbated propensity toward hippocampal-evoked depotentiation plasticity. Our results demonstrate a complex interaction between genetic and developmental factors affecting cortical interneurons and PFC function.
Maqashid Sharia Implementation in Indonesia and Bahrain
Authors: Nugraha Erik , Nugroho Lucky , Lindra Citra , Sukiati Wiwin 
Published: March 2020

This study aims to analyze the performance of Islamic banking in Indonesia and Bahrain from the perspective of the maqashid shariah index. Performance is the success of an organization in implementing its strategy so that its achievement on the targets set. Maqashid shariah is a measurement of Islamic banking performance following the objectives and characteristics of Islamic banking. The research method used is descriptive and comparative methods, while the data analysis technique used is the independent t-test. The results of this study are that there is no significant difference between the application of Islamic maqashid in Indonesia and the implementation of Islamic maqashid in Bahrain. Thus, the application of Islamic values and the application of sharia maqashid has been integrated with Islamic bank business activities so that different government policies or regulations because each country has a specific constitution, then the impact is not significant or does not affect the implementation of sharia maqashid on operational and business activities in Islamic banks.JEL Classification: M41, M48, Z12 How to Cite:Nugraha, E., Nugroho, L., Lindra, C. N., & Sukiati, W. (2020). Maqashid Sharia Implementation in Indonesia and Bahrain. Etikonomi: Jurnal Ekonomi, 19(1), 155 – 168. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v19i1.14655.
Analisis Perilaku Masyarakat Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Virus Corona (Covid-19) dan Kiat Menjaga Kesejahteraan Jiwa
Authors: Buana Dana Riksa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBeginning in 2020, humanity throughout the world was shaken by the Corona Virus pandemic (Covid-19) which caused panic everywhere. Thousands of people were infected and thousands more died. For in Indonesia, the government has given appeals to the community in overcoming this epidemic to be effective and efficient. But in reality, there are still many Indonesian people who do not heed this appeal. Therefore, this study aims to analyze why some people bring up these behaviors, and how to overcome them. The research method used by this research is the study of literature with a descriptive analysis approach. The results show that the behavior displayed by people who do not comply with government appeals is based on cognitive biases. In addition to analyzing the behavior of Indonesian people and how to handle it, this article also presents tips for maintaining mental well-being in a positive psychological approach.Keywords: Pandemic; Covid-19; Cognitive Bias; Mental Welfare AbstrakAwal tahun 2020 ini umat manusia di seluruh dunia digoncang dengan pandemi Virus Corona (Covid-19) yang membuat kepanikan dimana-mana. Ratusan ribu manusia terinfeksi dan ribuan lainnya meninggal dunia. Untuk di Indonesia sendiri pemerintah telah memberikan himbauan-himbauan kepada masyarakat dalam mengatasi wabah ini agar berjalan efektif dan efisien. Tetapi pada kenyataannya masih banyak masyarakat Indonesia yang tidak mengindahkan himbauan ini. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa mengapa sebagian masyarakat memunculkan perilaku tersebut, dan bagaimana cara mengatasinya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan deskriptif analisis. Hasil menunjukan bahwa perilaku yang ditampilkan oleh orang yang tidak mematuhi himbauan pemerintah didasari oleh bias kognitif. Selain menganalisa perilaku masyarakat Indonesia dan cara menanganinya, maka artikel ini juga memaparkan kiat-kiat menjaga kesejahteraan jiwa dalam pendekatan psikologi positif.Kata Kunci: Pandemi; Covid-19; Bias Kognitif; Kesejahteraan Jiwa
Kebijakan Pemberlakuan Lock Down Sebagai Antisipasi Penyebaran Corona Virus Covid-19
Authors: Yunus Nur Rohim , Rezki Annissa 
Published: March 2020

Abstract2020 is a worrying year for all countries, including Indonesia. This is due to the emergence of the Corona virus outbreak, which originated in Wuhan City of China, and spread throughout the world. Initially the government did not follow the method used by several other countries related to information provided about the corona covid-19 virus, namely by conducting a quick reaction of prevention socialization. The reason is so that the Indonesian people are not worried about issues that are worrying, other than to minimize the existence of Hoax news from a handful of irresponsible people. Finally the covid-19 outbreak also became a concern for the community, because many Indonesians were affected by the transmission of this virus. Therefore, the government took the initiative to take a lockdown policy for 14 days to anticipate the transmission of this corona outbreak. The study uses qualitative research methods with a literary and empirical approach. The data obtained comes from several regulations, such as the Governor of DKI Jakarta and several other regulations and policies, as well as phenomena that occur in the field. The results of the study stated that Indonesia had experienced a condition where the community's concern about Covid-19 was quite large, so that a government policy to lockdown was needed, as an effort to break the chain of the spread of the Corona Covid-19 virus.Keywords: Corona Virus, Lock Down, Government Policy AbstrakTahun 2020 merupakan tahun yang mengkhawatirkan seluruh negara, tanpa terkecuali negara Indonesia. Hal itu disebabkan munculkan wabah virus Corona, yang bermula dari Kota Wuhan China, dan menyebar ke seluruh penjuru dunia. Awalnya pemerintah tidak mengikuti cara yang digunakan oleh beberapa negara lainnya terkait informasi yang diberikan mengenai virus corona covid-19, yaitu dengan melakukan reaksi cepat sosialisasi pencegahan. Penyebabnya, agar masyarakat Indonesia tidak khawatir dengan isu yang mengkhawatirkan, selain untuk meminimalisir adanya berita Hoax dari segelintir orang yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Akhirnya wabah covid-19 ini juga menjadi hal yang mengkhawatirkan bagi masyarakat, karena banyak warga Indonesia yang terkena dampak penularan virus ini. Oleh karenanya, pemerintah berinisiatif untuk mengambil kebijakan lockdown selama 14 hari guna mengantisipasi penularan wabah corona ini. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan literatur dan empiris. Data yang didapat berasal dari beberapa Peraturan, seperti Peraturan Gubernur DKI Jakarta dan beberapa peraturan dan kebijakan lainnya, serta fenomena yang terjadi di lapangan. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa Indonesia sudah mengalami kondisi dimana kekhawatiran masyarakat terhadap covid-19 cukup besar, sehingga diperlukan kebijakan pemerintah untuk melakukan Lockdown, sebagai upaya memutus mata rantai penyebaran virus corona Covid-19Kata kunci : Virus Corona, Lock Down, Kebijakan Pemerintah
New records of Bulbophyllum in the Flora of Vietnam
Authors: Truong Vuong Ba , Truong Tam Quang , Dang Van Son , Nguyen Ty Minh , Vermeulen Jaap Jan 
Published: March 2020

Bulbophyllum leysianum (sect. Hyalosema) and B. ovalifolium (sect. Macrocaulia) are recorded as new for the flora of Vietnam. Both species originate from the Hon Ba Nature Reserve (Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam). The first was found as an epiphyte on fallen branch in riparian lowland forest, while the second was recorded on small branches in a canopy tree at about 1500 m a.s.l.
Key Words: Bulbophyllum sections, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae, Vietnam
Novel score for mortality risk prediction 6 months after acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Erlikh A. D. 
Published: March 2020

Aim.To create a prediction score for assessing the mortality risk 6 months after hospitalization with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Material and methods.Based on the results of ACS RECORD-3 register (Russia), we determined independent mortality predictors 6 months after ACS by performing multivariate regression analysis in patients discharged alive from the hospital with known outcomes.Results.The following predictors were obtained during the analysis: non-prescription of aspirin at discharge (odds ratio (OR) 5,8; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2,315,0; p<0,0001), newly diagnosed heart failure, pulmonary edema or shock in a hospital (OR 5,7; 95% CI 2,6-12,7; p<0,0001), age ≥75 years (OR 5,3; 95% CI 2,710,6; p<0,0001), non-prescription of beta-blockers at discharge (OR 5,0; 95% CI 2,3-10,8; p<0,0001), in-hospital management without immediate percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (primary PCI during ST-segment elevation ACS or PCI during the first 72 hours with non-ST-segment elevation ACS) (OR 3,9; 95% CI 1,69,8; p=0,004), the initial serum creatinine ≥100 µmol/L (OR 3,1; 95% CI 1,6-6,1; p=0,001), body mass index <30 kg/m2 (OR 2,8; 1,2-6,3; p=0,014). Each of them was evaluated at one point and was a component of the RECORD-6 score. Prediction sensitivity and specificity for the new score were 73,3% (95% CI 60,1-83,5) and 71,4% (95% CI 68,9-73,7), respectively; prediction accuracy, estimated as the area under the ROC curve was 0,931 (95% CI 0,897-0,964). The cut-off point was considered 3 points, which had the best ratio of prediction sensitivity and specificity. The mortality after 6 months with a value of <3 points was 1,6%, and with a value of ≥3 points — 10,1% (relative risk (RR) 0,16; 95% CI 0,09-0,28; p<0,0001), and the mortality after 12 months was 7,8% and 22,5%, respectively (RR 0,35; 95% CI 0,25-0,49; p<0,0001). Relative to the GRACE risk score for 6-month mortality showed that the prediction value of the RECORD-6 score was at least no worse.Conclusion.The novel RECORD-6 risk score is an accurate and simple prediction tool for assessing the mortality risk 6 months after discharge from the hospital. The prediction accuracy of the RECORD-6 risk score is not lower the GRACE risk score.
Effects of chronic airway obstruction and atrial fibrillation on the cardiac structure and function in patients with heart failure
Authors: Chesnikova A. I. , Dzyurich T. A. , Safronenko V. A. , Kolomatskaya O. E. , Batalina A. Yu. 
Published: March 2020

Aim. To study the cardiac remodeling in heart failure (HF) patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Material and methods. The study included 120 patients who were divided into 4 groups: the experimental group — patients with HF, AF and COPD (n=29), group 1 — patients with COPD, without cardiovascular disease (n=28), group 2 — patients with HF and COPD, without AF (n=30), group 3 — patients with HF and AF, without COPD (n=33). All patients underwent echocardiography using the MyLab70 Ultrasound System (Esaote, Italy).Results. In comparison with patients of group 3, patients of the experimental group had lower left and right atrial volumes (p=0,001 and p=0,004, respectively), higher right ventricular (RV) wall thickness (p<0,001), lower RV end-diastolic area index (p=0,007) and fractional area change (FAC) (p=0б011), which indicates the effect of chronic airway obstruction on cardiac remodeling in patients with combination of these pathologies. In comparison with patients of group 2, patients of the experimental group had significantly larger RV dimension (p=0,012) and higher RV endsystolic area index (p<0,001), as well as lower systolic RV function (ejection fraction (p=0,002), FAC (p<0,001), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (p=0,012)) and higher pressure in the pulmonary circulation (p=0,001). This is due to high hemodynamic load on the RV related to AF and chronic airway obstruction.Conclusion. The results of the study revealed features of cardiac remodeling pathogenesis in HF patients with AF and COPD. Comparative analysis of the results made it possible to indicate different mechanisms underlying AF, to assess the effects of both AF and chronic airway obstruction on the cardiac structure and function in patients with HF and combination of these pathologies.