bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Swimming Against the Current of Secular Education: The Rise and Fall of Columbian Methodist College, 1892-1937
Authors: Damer Eric , Thomson Gerald 
Published: March 2020

Jean Barman, in her book Growing Up British in British Columbia, notes that the creation of New Westminster’s Columbian Methodist College was perhaps one of “the most ambitious private educational initiatives in the latter years of the [nineteenth] century” (8). When the denominational college was created, its founders believed they were creating the nucleus of the provincial university with which they would federate. However, the landscape of higher education in Canada had dramatically changed by the early 1900s. University boosters instead favoured a new government-controlled model of higher education in uenced by American state universities; religion and its traditions were now incompatible with this model as the leading force in a modern university. Columbian College stood little chance of ful lling its educational ambitions and began a struggle to survive as a denominational college, theological school, and then as a private high school. Its demise during the nancial troubles of the 1930s was not unique, although many religious colleges adapted and have survived to this day. Résumé Dans son livre, Growing Up British in British Columbia, Jean Barman souligne que la création du Columbian Methodist College de New Westminster, était sans doute parmi « the most ambitious private educational initiatives in the latter years of the [nineteenth] century » (8). Lorsque le collège confessionnel a vu le jour, ses fondateurs croyaient créer le noyau de l’université provinciale avec laquelle il fusionnerait. Néanmoins, le portrait de l’enseignement supérieur au Canada avait radicalement changé au début des années 1900. Sous l’in uence du modèle américain, les champions de l’université ont plutôt favorisé un nouveau modèle d’enseignement supérieur sous contrôle gouvernemental; rendant le maintien du rôle central de la religion et de ses traditions incompatibles avec l’université moderne. Dans ce contexte, le Columbian College avait peu de chance de réaliser ses ambitions académiques et il a commencé à lutter pour sa survie en tant que collège confessionnel, école technique, puis comme école secondaire privé. Bien qu’il ne soit pas le seul établissement à disparaître durant la tourmente nancière des années 1930, de nombreux collèges religieux ont toutefois été en mesure de s’adapter et de survivre jusqu’à ce jour.
Off to School: Filmic False Equivalence and Indian Residential School Scholarship
Authors: Griffith Jane 
Published: March 2020

This article uses two short, mid-twentieth century documentaries produced by the National Film Board of Canada as an entry point into charting popular and scholarly representations of Indian residential schools. The article begins with a close reading of one 1958 film followed by an overview of how scholarship has changed over the last fifty years, particularly alongside and sometimes because of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. The article advocates centring survivor testimony and provides major turns in considering as well as teaching about residential schooling and settler colonialism in Canada as well as ways of how to teach about and learn from it. The article concludes with a close reading of a second film, produced in 1971 by Abenaki filmmaker Alanis Obomsawin, which offers a decidedly different perspective from the film discussed at the beginning of the article.RésuméCet article utilise deux courts documentaires produits par l’Office national du film à l’époque du centenaire de la Confédération comme point de départ permettant d’étudier les représentations populaires et universitaires des pensionnats indiens. L’article s’amorce sur une lecture attentive d’un film de 1958, puis propose un aperçu des changements survenus dans la littérature académique au cours des cinquante dernières années, en particulier grâce à la Commission de vérité et réconciliation du Canada. Il met l’accent sur le témoignage des survivants et propose des changements importants, à la fois dans la façon de comprendre le système des pensionnats et le colonialisme canadien, de même que sur les façons de l’enseigner et les leçons à en tirer. L’article se termine par l’analyse d’un second film produit en 1971par la cinéaste Abénaquis Alanis Obomsawin, qui offre une perspective très différente de celui tourné en 1958.
Back to School? Historians and the View from the Classroom
Authors: Clark Penney , Von Heyking Amy 
Published: March 2020

In 1986, Chad Gaffield challenged historians to go “back to school” in order to better understand children’s experiences. This article addresses the historiographical approaches historians have used since 1986 to elucidate continuity and change in the contexts and cultures of schools, and the content of instruction. The history of schooling contexts reflects increasing efforts to use resources efficiently and to make schools more comfortable places to be. Studies of school and classroom culture have revealed a shift away from the centrality of teacher authority. Research on curricular change describes a process characterized by renovation rather than transformation. To what extent have historians been successful in meeting Gaffield’s challenge? Historians have sought out rich and diverse sources that illuminate how adults’ concerns and priorities shaped students’ educational experiences. Now they need to find sources that better reveal children’s voices. The article argues for attentiveness to the achievement of a multifaceted understanding of students’ experiences of state schooling over time.RésuméEn 1986, Chad Gaffield a mis les historiens au défi de « retourner à l’école » afin de mieux comprendre les expériences vécues par les enfants. Cet article aborde les approches historiographiques utilisées par les historiens depuis 1986 pour expliquer la continuité et le changement dans les contextes et les cultures des écoles, ainsi que le contenu de l’enseignement. L’histoire des contextes scolaires reflète les efforts croissants déployés afin d’utiliser les ressources de manière efficace et de rendre les écoles plus confortables. Des études sur la culture de l’école et de la classe ont révélé une distanciation face à l’importance de l’autorité des enseignants. La recherche sur l’évolution des programmes d’études décrit un processus caractérisé par la rénovation plutôt que la transformation. Dans quelle mesure les historiens ont-ils réussi à relever le défi de Gaffield? Les historiens ont cherché des sources riches et diverses qui illustrent comment les préoccupations et les priorités des adultes ont influencé les expériences pédagogiques des élèves. Ils doivent désormais trouver des sources qui rendent davantage compte de la voix des enfants. Cet article plaide pour qu’une plus grande attention soit portée à la compréhension multifacette de l’expérience des élèves de l’école publique dans le temps.
The Writing of Women into Canadian Educational History in English Canada and Francophone Quebec, 1970 to 1995
Authors: Cook Sharon Anne , Heap Ruby , McLean Lorna 
Published: March 2020

The 1970 Report of the Royal Commission on the Status of Women of Canada represents the first official federal document to examine the situation of women in Canadian education through a feminist lens. It paid close attention to education, claiming that “whenever women are denied access to education, they cannot be said to have equality.” Feminist historians participated in this transformative movement in response to an increasing demand to make women visible; the new social history, which developed novel methodologies in its quest to recover the past from the bottom up, assisted them in their efforts to develop the field of women’s history across Canada. Our article examines the importance of feminist associations, publishing houses, journals, and awards in supporting the development of scholarship on women and education. We follow that overview with comments about the earliest scholars working in this field, concentrating first on those in English Canada and then moving to the history of the field in French Canada.RésuméLe Rapport de la Commission royale d’enquête sur la situation de la femme au Canada de 1970 constitue le premier document fédéral officiel à étudier la situation des femmes dans l’éducation canadienne dans une perspective féministe. Il a accordé une attention particulière à l’éducation, affirmant que lorsqu’« on refuse à une femme la possibilité de faire les mêmes études que l’homme, on ne peut dire qu’elle bénéficie de l’égalité ». Les historiennes et historiens, en majorité des chercheuses féministes, ont participé à ce mouvement de transformation en réponse à la demande croissante pour rendre les femmes visibles. Ayant contribué à développer de nouvelles méthodologies cherchant à reconstituer le passé à partir d’une approche « du bas vers le haut », la nouvelle histoire sociale leur a permis de développer le champ de l’histoire des femmes à travers le Canada. Notre article examine l’importance des associations féministes, des maisons d’édition, des revues et des prix comme soutien au développement de la recherche sur les femmes et l’éducation. Dans un second temps, nous examinons les figures pionnières de la recherche dans ce domaine, en nous concentrant d’abord sur les personnalités importantes du Canada anglais, avant de poursuivre avec l’histoire de ce champ de recherche au Canada français.
Magnetorheological seal: A review
Authors: Zhou Hongliang , Zhao Wu , Zhang Huiduan , Wang Yanqin , Wu Xuefeng , Sun Zhijia 
Published: March 2020

Magnetorheological fluid (MRF) sealing technology has gained more and more attention in civil engineering, safety engineering, manufacturing, life science, aviation and so on, owing to its great pressure bearing capacity due to the viscous stress and controllable yield stress of MRF under external magnetic field. Even if overpressure occurs, magnetorheological seal (MRS) can restore the serviceability automatically with the help of magnetic field when pressure difference drops back. To have a deep understanding of magnetorheological sealing technique, the paper begins with an introduction of the basic features of MRF and relevant applications of MRS. Then several basic design issues of MRS structure are introduced. Furthermore, main factors influencing MRS performance are discussed on how to increase the pressure drop of MRS structure. In the end, modeling techniques of MRS structure are provided according to Bingham plastic model, Bi-viscous model, Herschel–Bulkley model and Herschel–Bulkley model with preyield viscosity, respectively, for calculating yield stress of MRF and pressure drop of MRS structure. Hopefully, this review can be regarded as a useful complement to other reviews on MRF technology and applications.
Socio-demographic Characteristics of Acute Appendicitis Patients attended at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Islam ABM Mir Mubinul , Akhter Nasima , Imam Md Zafar , Rahman Mafiur , Mohammad Rumi Jalal Uddin 
Published: March 2020

Background: Acute appendicitis can cause morbidity in a large number of people.
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the socio-demographic characteristics of acute appendicitis patients.
Methodology: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Surgery at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi, Bangladesh from July 2009 to June 2011 for a period of two years. Patients admitted with features of uncomplicated and complicated acute appendicitis (gangrenous or perforated) underwent emergency appendectomy by grid iron incision in all the units of surgery were selected as study population. All clinical information including history, physical findings and investigation reports were collected and recorded in a pre-designed data collection sheet.
Result: A total number of 200 acute appendicitis patients were recruited for this study. Most of the study population were in the age group of 13 to 20 years of age group which was 84(42.0%) cases. The ratio of male and female was 1:1.04. Married were more than unmarried which was 114(57.0%) cases and 86(43.0%) cases respectively. Majority patients of this study was from middle class which was 160(80.0%) cases. Most of the acute appendicitis patients were presented with uncomplicated status which was 136(68.0%) cases and the rest 64(32.0%) cases were in complicated state.
Conclusion: In conclusion most of the acute appendicitis patients are young age female coming from middle class family.
Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases 2019;6(2):44-47
Changes In Biochemical Components Of Rice Following Naa Application
Authors: Jahan Nargis , Golam Adam AMM 
Published: March 2020

An investigation on the effect of Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) on the changes of biochemical components of two varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.), BRR1 dhan 29 and BRRI dhan 50 was carried out. Two concentrations of NAA, 100 and 200 ppm were used as foliar spray. In BRRI dhan 29, significant increases in chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents of leaf were observed due to both the treatments at the flowering stage, whereas, carotenoids at the grain filling stage only. But in BRRI dhan 50, the total leaf pigments decreased at the flowering and grain filling stage, but was significant in case of chlorophyll a at the flowering stage. Significant increases in protein content of leaf were recorded at the tillering and flowering stage of BRRI dhan 29 following 100 ppm NAA treatment. In BRRI dhan 50, the only significant increase was recorded at grain filling stage due to 200 ppm NAA treatment. In both the varieties carbohydrates, protein, fat, and energy content of grain increased due to both the treatments and the maximum increase in all the cases was recorded due to 100 ppm NAA treatment. Ash and moisture content of grain reduced following both the treatments in both the varieties, the maximum reduction was due to 100 ppm NAA treatment
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 40(2): 173-178, December 2014
Water Quality Assessment Of Dug Well Water And Its Adjoining Buriganga River Reach In The Old Dhaka Of Bangladesh
Authors: Barua Shovon , Islam M Saiful 
Published: March 2020

Thirty six dug well water samples from different houses along three transects and four Buriganga river water samples from four different Ghats (boat terminals) of the Old Dhaka of Bangladesh were collected during dry and wet periods for water quality assessment. The depth of these dug wells varies from 3.4 to 16 m with an average depth of 10 m with diurnal variations. The hydrochemical classification shows that the dug well and Buriganga river water samples are Ca-HC03 type. More than 50% dug well water samples were contaminated as concentration levels of Ca, K and Fe in both periods were high whereas over 25% Buriganga river water samples were tainted as concentration levels of Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn in dry season exceeded the drinking water quality standard limits of World Health Organization (WHO), Department of Environment (DOE) and United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). If the dug well water is protected from contamination, the shallow groundwater in this part of Dhaka city should be an alternative perennial source of water especially during the dry season when water scarcity looms large
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 40(2): 207-218, December 2014
Identification of Mosquito Species In Dhaka Cantonment
Authors: Hossain Md Rabiul , Md Shahidullah - , Banu Nozhat Nasreen , Jewel Md Mehdi Hasan 
Published: March 2020

The present study was carried out from 1st August 2011 to 31 January 2012 to identify mosquilo species inhabiting in and around the Dhaka Cantonment. In all 3632 samples sue were collected from 88 different spots. Important three genera such as Anopheles, Odex ad Aides were found and distribution was as Culex 5581 (99.09%), Aedes 30 (0.53%) and Anopheles 21 (0.37%). Among the Culex species C. quinquefasciatus Dominated and having 69.37% of Culex family. Other identified species were C. ftacocephaia (14.89%), C. tritaeniorhynchus (09.07%) and C. vishnul (06.67%). The distribution of the sampled mosquitoes revealed that female dominated and male female ratio was 34:66. There was predominance of C. quinquefasciatus in all coUeakm points. Anopheles was identified 21 (12 female) in number of which An. phUiptmmd was 17 and An. aconitus only 04 and they were collected from four spots of Zxu colony and COD areas. Ae. aegypti was identified 30 (22 female) in number of which Ae aegypti were 23 and the rest 07 were Ae albopictus and they were collected from seven spots of COD, Senapolli, Moinul Road and DOHS Mohakhali but its density a very insignificant and below the critical level of disease transmission.
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 40(2): 243-248, December 2014
Diversity Of Wildlife At Ruhitpur Union, Keraniganj, Dhaka
Authors: Jaman M Firoj , Majumder Md Salahuddin , Hossain Md Sakhawat , Rahman Md Mokhlesur , Uddin Mayen 
Published: March 2020

The study was carried out through direct field observation by plot counting; transect line method and interviewing the local people from September 2011 to March 2012. A total of 83 species of wildlife belonging to 18 orders, 34 families and 64 genera was recorded. Of them, 4 (4.82%) species were amphibians, 17 (20.48%) reptiles, 55 (66.27%) birds and 7 (8.43%) mammals. Of the amphibians, 3 (75%) were frogs and rest 1 (25%) was toad. Of the reptiles, 3 (17.65%) were turtles, 7 (41.18%) lizards and 7 (41.18%) were snakes. Of the birds, 30 (54.55%) were passerines and remaining 25 (45.45%) were non-passerines. Regarding the resident status, 44 (80.00%) species of birds were resident and 11 (20.00%) were winter migrants. Of the mammals, 4 (57.13%) were rodents, 1 (14.29%) bats, 1 (14.29%) carnivore and 1(14.29%) insectivore. The relative abundance showed that 16 (20.00%) were very common, 17 (21.18%) common, 22 (25.8854) fairly common and 28 (32.94%) were few. Among the threatened categories, 2 (2.35%) were critically endangered, 3 (3.53%) endangered, 13 (15,29%) vulnerable, 50 (61 18%) lower risk and 15 (17.65%) species were data deficient Some threats were identified as the cause for the declining of the biodiversity i.e. habitat degradation, climate change, over exploitation of agricultural lands. Implementation of conservation and management practice is necessary to protect the diversity of present species and their population in the studied habitats
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 40(2): 295-308, December 2014
Prevalence of Peripheral Vascular Disease in Diabetic Foot Infections and its Effect on Management Outcome
Authors: Nobi Farah , Nahian Syed Al , Sultana Afrin , Sarmin Rokhsana , Rahman Ayesha , Arefin Mirza Shamsul , Zafar SM Abu 
Published: March 2020

Background: Foot infection is a common problem affecting diabetics. Ischemia is a major factor contributing to progress and morbidity of the disease. The prevalence of peripheral vascular disease is higher in diabetics with faster progression.
Aim: This study aimed to observe the prevalence of peripheral vascular disease in patients with diabetic foot infections presenting to this tertiary care centre.
Methods: This prospective observational study evaluated 250 patients with diabetic foot infection admitted to Ibrahim Medical College and BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2015.Total 72 patients were selected for Duplex study of lower limb vessels, Ankle Brachial Pressure Index (ABPI) and Pulse oxymetrywhich established the diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease and all patients were treated according to the standard protocol.
Results: Of the 72 patients peripheral vascular disease was found in 25 patients (34.7%) and majority of them (88%) had distal below the knee vessel stenosis. There was significant correlation with older age (75%) and history of tobacco use (64%). The clinical presentations and outcomes such as hospital stay, healing time, pain were worse in individuals with peripheral vascular compromise on Duplex study of lower limb vessels, ABPI and pulse oxymetry.
Conclusion: In this study we observed that significant number of diabetics presenting with foot infections have underlying peripheral vascular disease .The patients might not all be symptomatic or show obvious signs of PVD but need to be investigated for the same. Early detection of peripheral vascular disease in patients presenting with diabetic foot infection, using Duplex study,ABPI and Pulse oxymetrywith routine clinical and laboratory assessment can be of great value in long term care of these individuals.
J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2020; 38(1): 12-17
Phenotypic Divergence In Tomato Germplasm
Authors: Ullah MZ , Hassan L , Samsuzzaman M , Main MA 
Published: March 2020

Phenotypic divergence was quantified by multivariate analysis among the 70 genotypes collected from different agro-climatic regions and was available in the gene bank of Energypac Agro Ltd., Gazipur, Bangladesh. Based on the phenotypic value of 11 characters, 70 genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The genotypes of tomato were distributed in different clusters suggesting that no association was found between geographical and phenotypic diversity. Cluster II consisted of maximum twenty three genotypes (32.86%) followed by cluster III of sixteen genotypes (22.85%). Cluster IV and Cluster V comprised of thirteen (18.57%) and ten genotypes (14.29%), respectively. Cluster I consisted of eight genotypes (11.43%). The highest intra-cluster divergence (0.061) for cluster I was invariably smaller than the lowest inter-cluster divergence between cluster IV and cluster V (2.83), thus authenticating the clustering pattern formed in this study. The intra-cluster divergence ranged from 0.007 to 0.061, whereas the inter-cluster divergence ranged from 2.83 to 8.34 between clusters IV and V and clusters III and V, respectively. The four characters that played the greatest role in differentiation were locule number per fruit, pericarp thickness, fruits per plant and days to 50% flowering. Twenty homozygous parents (15 female and five male) were selected from five clusters using range test among genotypes within cluster. From cluster I parents TM409, TM386 and TM528 and from cluster III parents TM403 and TM349 were selected as male. Parents TM356, TM361, TM368, TM371, TM377, TM384, TM422 and TM423 from cluster II; parents TM388, TM390, TM392 and TM410 from cluster IV and parents TM382, TM419 and TM360 from cluster V were selected as female.
SAARC J. Agri., 17(2): 185-195 (2019)