bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of radio interference from HVDC transmission lines based on corona discharge characteristics
Authors: Huang Caowei , Yin Han , Xu Pengfei , Zhang Bo , He Jinliang , Liu Jianben 
Published: January 2020

Many research works have proved that it is viable to predict the radio interference (RI) of high‐voltage alternating current transmission lines by corona cage test. However, it is uncertain whether the same method can be adopted for RI prediction of high‐voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission lines, since the corona performance of HVDC lines is obviously affected by the widely distributed space charge. In this study, the detailed corona current characteristics, such as the current pulse amplitude, rise time, half‐wave time, and repetition frequency are systematically studied by the reduced‐scale experiment and the relationship between the average corona current and the RI excitation current is confirmed. Furthermore, based on the experimental study, a method for predicting the RI level of HVDC transmission lines by the corona cage test is proposed. The RI level of a ±800 kV bipolar HVDC transmission line is predicted and compared with the measured result, which verifies the validity of the proposed method.
Electromagnetic modelling using T‐A formulation for high‐temperature superconductor (RE)Ba2Cu3Ox high field magnets
Authors: Wang Yawei , Bai Hongyu , Li Jianwei , Zhang Min , Yuan Weijia 
Published: January 2020

Second generation (2G) high‐temperature superconductor (HTS) (RE)Ba2Cu3Ox (REBCO) shows a great potential in building high field magnets beyond 23.5 T. The electromagnetic modelling is vital for the design of HTS magnet, however, this always suffers the challenge of huge computation for high field magnets with large number of turns. This study presents a novel electromagnetic modelling based on T‐A formulation for REBCO magnets with thousands of turns. An equivalent turn method is proposed to reduce the number of turns in calculation, so that the computation cost can be reduced significantly, and meanwhile the key electromagnetic behaviour of HTS magnet can be simulated with enough accuracy. The ramping operation of a fully HTS magnet with 12,000 turns are analysed using both the original T‐A model with actual turns and improved T‐A model with equivalent turns. The two models show a good agreement on the key electromagnetic behaviours of the magnet: distribution of current density, magnetic fields, screen current induced field and magnetisation loss, so that this improved T‐A model using equivalent turns is validated. The T‐A modelling of REBCO magnet is a powerful tool for the electromagnetic analysis of industry‐scale high field magnets.
The stellar-to-halo mass relation over the past 12 Gyr
Authors: Girelli G. , Pozzetti L. , Bolzonella M. , Giocoli C. , Marulli F. , Baldi M. 
Published: January 2020

Aims. Understanding the link between the galaxy properties and the dark matter halos they reside in and their coevolution is a powerful tool for constraining the processes related to galaxy formation. In particular, the stellar-to-halo mass relation (SHMR) and its evolution throughout the history of the Universe provides insights on galaxy formation models and allows us to assign galaxy masses to halos in N-body dark matter simulations. To address these questions, we determine the SHMR throughout the entire cosmic history from z ∼ 4 to the present.
Methods. We used a statistical approach to link the observed galaxy stellar mass functions on the COSMOS field to dark matter halo mass functions up to z ∼ 4 from the ΛCDM DUSTGRAIN-pathfinder simulation, which is complete for Mh >  1012.5 M⊙, and extended this to lower masses with a theoretical parameterization. We propose an empirical model to describe the evolution of the SHMR as a function of redshift (either in the presence or absence of a scatter in stellar mass at fixed halo mass), and compare the results with several literature works and semianalytic models of galaxy formation. We also tested the reliability of our results by comparing them to observed galaxy stellar mass functions and to clustering measurements.
Results. We derive the SHMR from z = 0 to z = 4, and model its empirical evolution with redshift. We find that M*/Mh is always lower than ∼0.05 and depends both on redshift and halo mass, with a bell shape that peaks at Mh ∼ 1012 M⊙. Assuming a constant cosmic baryon fraction, we calculate the star-formation efficiency of galaxies and find that it is generally low; its peak increases with cosmic time from ∼30% at z ∼ 4 to ∼35% at z ∼ 0. Moreover, the star formation efficiency increases for increasing redshifts at masses higher than the peak of the SHMR, while the trend is reversed for masses lower than the peak. This indicates that massive galaxies (i.e., galaxies hosted at halo masses higher than the SHMR peak) formed with a higher efficiency at higher redshifts (i.e., downsizing effect) and vice versa for low-mass halos. We find a large scatter in results from semianalytic models, with a difference of up to a factor ∼8 compared to our results, and an opposite evolutionary trend at high halo masses. By comparing our results with those in the literature, we find that while at z ∼ 0 all results agree well (within a factor of ∼3), at z >  0 many differences emerge. This suggests that observational and theoretical work still needs to be done. Our results agree well (within ∼10%) with observed stellar mass functions (out to z = 4) and observed clustering of massive galaxies (M* >  1011 M⊙ from z ∼ 0.5 to z ∼ 1.1) in the two-halo regime.
Posterior versus direct anterior approach in revision hip arthroplasty using Kerboull-type plate
Authors: Baba Tomonori , Homma Yasuhiro , Jinnai Yuta , Tanabe Hiroki , Banno Sammy , Watari Taiji , Kaneko Kazuo 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate revision with a Kerboull-type plate through the posterior approach (PA) and direct anterior approach (DAA) and compare the clinical outcome.
Subjects and methods: Fifty-four patients (56 hip joints) underwent revision surgery in which acetabular reconstruction was performed concomitantly using the Kerboull-type plate and allogeneic bone. Revision surgery through DAA was performed in 21 hip joints and these were compared with 34 hip joints treated through PA. There was no significant difference in the patient demographics between the DAA and PA.
Results: There was no significant difference between the operative times in the DAA and PA groups (203.2 ± 43.5 and 211.7 ± 41.8 min). There was a significant difference between the intraoperative blood loss in the DAA and PA groups (503.9 ± 223.7 mL and 703.8 ± 329.6 mL, respectively, p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the modified Harris Hip Score in the DAA and the PA groups. The loosening of the acetabular component was observed in four cases (11.8%) in the PA group. In the DAA and PA groups, the 5-year survival rates were 100 and 85.7%, respectively. Recurrent dislocation of the hip was observed in six cases (one case in the DAA group (4.8%) and five cases in the PA group (14.7%)).
Conclusions: It was verified that the difference in the surgical approach of acetabular reconstruction concomitantly using the Kerboull-type plate and allogeneic bone graft influenced the postoperative outcome.
Successful surgical management of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis by inductive therapy with albendazole – a case report
Authors: Bartels Michael , Schmidt Thomas , Lübbert Christoph 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe report the case of a 65-year-old female patient with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. This infrequent zoonosis has a considerable morbidity and mortality. The malignant appearing hepatic mass was initially misdiagnosed as cholangiocarcinoma of the right hepatic lobe (segments VII, VIII, and IVa, sized 10.9 cm × 7.6 cm) involving the right and middle hepatic vein and extending close to the left hepatic vein. During exploratory laparotomy, the frozen-section biopsy was indicative of AE (World Health Organization [WHO] classification: stage P3N0M0). Due to the high operative risk, it was decided to pretreat the patient with albendazole as inductive therapy in order to remove the AE secondarily in accordance with the patient’s request. After year-long treatment with albendazole (under strict control of the maximum blood levels), a right hemihepatectomy was successfully performed. Postoperative treatment with albendazole had to be stopped prematurely after 11 months due to considerable subjective intolerance and a more-than-tenfold elevation of transaminases despite normal therapeutic albendazole blood levels. A 18F-FDG-PET/CT scan revealed no evidence of AE residues. Conducting follow-up examinations by 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans every 2 years is planned in order to recognize possible recurrence at an early stage.
Age and Sex Influence Thyroid Hormone Effects in Target Tissues with
Organ-Specific Responses
Authors: Kerp Helena , Gassen Janina , Führer Dagmar 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAge and sex impact prevalence and clinical features of thyroid disease.
Thyroid dysfunction occurs with a higher frequency in elderly patients and
females. Moreover, age alters clinical presentation of hyper- and
hypothyroidism and onset of thyroid hormone (TH) related co-morbidities
leading to increased risk for underdiagnosis and maltreatment in the
elderly. Rodent models allow further insights into mechanisms of age- and
sex-dependent TH action in target tissues. In this review, we summarize
findings from mouse studies showing distinct effects of age and sex on
systemic versus organ-specific TH action and discuss their wider implication
for clinical care.
Treatment of Childhood Reflex Epilepsies
Authors: Ilyas Mohammed , Pawar Kailash Tulshiram , Baig Mirza Waseem Mohammad 
Published: January 2020

AbstractReflex epilepsies are characterized by the presence of epileptic seizures, which are consistently or stereotypically evoked by a specific afferent stimulus (i.e., flashes of light, startles, a particular movement, or cognitive task). Seizures in them are generally refractory to medical treatment requiring polytherapy. Avoiding the trigger and antiepileptic therapy may likely abolish these seizures. However, in some cases, the use of specific technologies and addressing associated comorbidities may be necessary. In this study, we review the pathophysiological basis for different treatment approaches as well as recent advances in the management of reflex epilepsies.
Levetiracetam Treatment-Associated Acute Rhabdomyolysis in an Adolescent
Authors: Aslan Nagehan , Yildizdas Dincer , Huseyınlı Behruz , Horoz Ozden Ozgur , Mert Gulen Gul , Ekinci Faruk , Ozcanyuz Duygu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEtiology of rhabdomyolysis includes hereditary muscle enzyme deficiencies, trauma, viral infections, excessive exercise, hypothyroidism, and medications such as colchicine, lithium, and statins. Several studies have reported that various antiepileptic drugs may induce rhabdomyolysis. Levetiracetam is one of the antiepileptic drugs implicated in the etiology of rhabdomyolysis. Herein, we present a case of rhabdomyolysis in an adolescent treated with levetiracetam. We wanted to draw attention to the increasing trend of levetiracetam-associated rhabdomyolysis frequency in pediatric patients.
Single-Center Use of Prothrombin Complex Concentrate in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Karube Takaharu , Andersen Courtney , Tobias Joseph D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCoagulation disturbances frequently occur in critically ill children. Four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC) may have a potential role in managing these patients while avoiding concerns associated with fresh frozen plasma. However, data on this product in critically ill children is scarce. We retrospectively identified 24 critically ill pediatric patients who received 4F-PCC. The primary indication was to correct coagulopathy and control bleeding in the trauma or surgical setting. 4F-PCC effectively decreased the international normalized ratio level, a surrogate marker of hemostasis. Further study is warranted to identify efficacy, indications, optimal dosing, and adverse effects in the critically ill pediatric patients.
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: What We Do and Do Not Know
Authors: Nuti Daniele , Zee David S. , Mandalà Marco 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBenign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is common, sometimes terrifying, but rarely portends serious disease. It is usually easily diagnosed and treated, and both the patient and the physician are immediately gratified. While much has been learned about the pathogenesis of BPPV in the past decades, many of its features remain mysterious, and one must still be wary of the rare times it mimics a dangerous brain disorder. Here we review common, relatively well understood clinical features of BPPV but also emphasize what we do not know and when the physician must look deeper for a more ominous cause.
Vestibular Migraine I: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Clinical Features
Authors: Baloh Robert W. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractVestibular migraine (VM), also known as migrainous vertigo or migraine-associated vertigo, is characterized by recurrent vestibular attacks often accompanied by migraine headaches and other migraine symptoms. It is one of the most common presenting complaints to physicians in primary care, otolaryngology, and neurology. Epidemiologic data suggest that VM may affect 1 to 3% of the general population and 10 to 30% of patients seeking treatment for dizziness. Attacks typically last minutes to hours and range from spontaneous and positional vertigo to extreme sensitivity to self and surround motion. As with headaches, nausea, and vomiting, phonophobia and photophobia are common accompanying symptoms. The clinical spectrum of VM and its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are just being identified, with much debate about the causal relationship of vestibular symptoms and headache, no evidence-based guidelines for clinical management, limited characterization of its disease burden, and little information about its negative impact on health-related quality of life.
Relationship between Sedative Antihistamines and the Duration of Febrile Seizures
Authors: Daida Atsuro , Yamanaka Gaku , Tsujimoto Shin-ichi , Yokoyama Mina , Hayashi Kuniyoshi , Urayama Kevin Y. , Ishida Yasushi , Manabe Atsushi , Kusakawa Isao , Ogihara Masaaki , Kawashima Hisashi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSome studies have shown that sedative antihistamines prolong febrile seizure duration. Although the collective evidence is still mixed, the Japanese Society of Child Neurology released guidelines in 2015 that contraindicated the use of sedative antihistamines in patients with febrile seizure. Focused on addressing limitations of previous studies, we conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the relationship between febrile seizure duration and the use of sedative antihistamines. Data were collected from patients who visited St. Luke's International Hospital due to febrile seizure between August 2013 and February 2016. Patients were divided into groups based on their prescribed medications: sedative antihistamine, nonsedative antihistamine, and no antihistamine. Seizure duration was the primary outcome and was examined using multivariate analyses. Of the 426 patients included, sedative antihistamines were administered to 24 patients. The median seizure duration was approximately 3 minutes in all three groups. There was no statistical difference in the bivariate (p = 0.422) or multivariate analyses (p = 0.544). Our results do not support the relationship between sedative antihistamine use and prolonged duration of febrile seizure. These results suggest that the use of antihistamines may be considered for patients with past history of febrile seizure, when appropriate.
Self-medication with antibiotics in Maputo, Mozambique: practices, rationales and relationships
Authors: Rodrigues Carla F. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSelf-medication, as a form of self-care, is a common practice worldwide, and often involves the use of both over-the-counter and prescription-only medicines, including antibiotics, anti-malarials and others. Increasing concerns over the global emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance point to the need to reduce and optimise the use of antimicrobial medicines, both in human and animal health. Over the past few decades, numerous studies on self-medication with antibiotics have sought to determine the prevalence, risks and/or factors related to ‘inappropriate’ use in different parts of the world. Yet much of this literature tends to follow a rather normative approach, which regards such practices as problematic and often irrational, frequently overlooking structural aspects, situated circumstances and individuals’ own reasoning. Based on a mixed methods social science research project in Maputo, which included a household survey, observations in pharmacies and interviews with users and healthcare providers, this paper aims to discuss self-medication in light of local users’ everyday practical reasoning. While situating self-medication within local contextual contingencies, the analysis highlights the ways in which personal and socially shared experiences, articulated with forms of knowledge and information provided by different sources, shape and inform practices of and attitudes towards self-medication with antibiotics. By looking at self-medication beyond (non-)prescription use, and by examining individuals’ decisions within their socioeconomic and therapeutic landscapes in Maputo, this study sheds light on the structural and relational factors that contribute to certain consumption practices that do not always follow biomedical recommendations of ‘rational’ or ‘appropriate’ use, helping to deconstruct and further problematise the various legitimate meanings and understandings of ‘responsible’ use.
Single-cell tracking demonstrates copper chaperone Atox1 to be required for breast cancer cell migration
Authors: Blockhuys Stéphanie , Zhang Xiaolu , Wittung-Stafshede Pernilla 
Published: January 2020

Significance
Copper is an essential metal ion facilitating many biological functions. To avoid the toxicity of free copper, there are protein-based transport systems that deliver the metal to copper-dependent enzymes. Tumors have high demands for copper, but it is unclear why. Thus it is of importance to reveal copper-binding proteins involved in cancer progression. This work investigated the putative role of a copper-binding protein, Antioxidant 1 copper chaperone (Atox1), in breast cancer cell migration, which is a key step in cancer metastasis. We demonstrated that Atox1 is needed for efficient cell migration and identify partner proteins. Since primary breast tumors with high levels of Atox1 correlate with poorer patient survival, Atox1 may be a biomarker of metastatic breast cancer.
TrkB hyperactivity contributes to brain dysconnectivity, epileptogenesis, and anxiety in zebrafish model of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
Authors: Kedra Magdalena , Banasiak Katarzyna , Kisielewska Katarzyna , Wolinska-Niziol Lidia , Jaworski Jacek , Zmorzynska Justyna 
Published: January 2020

SignificanceTuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a hereditary disease that presents with early brain malformations, childhood epilepsy, and TSC-associated neuropsychiatric disorders (TANDs). Cortical malformations arise in utero and have been linked to childhood epilepsy before. Externally developing zebrafish seem convenient to study elementary neurodevelopment; however, without the in-depth functional analysis, the Tsc2-deficient zebrafish cannot be used for studies of TANDs. Here, we found that Tsc2-deficient zebrafish recapitulated symptoms seen in TSC patients on anatomical and behavioral levels, including aberrant brain morphology, thinning of brain connections, epileptogenesis, and increased anxiety-like behavior, which was rescued by reducing TrkB signaling, revealing a potential drug target. Moreover, we show that commissural thinning cause aberrant regulation of anxiety, providing a link between brain anatomy and emotion.
An unaddressed phonological contradiction
Authors: Sampson Geoffrey 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
There is general agreement on the main features of the process through which the phonology of modern standard
Chinese has evolved over three millennia from that of Old Chinese. However, according to general linguistic theory, that
phonological history is impossible: the theory claims that no human language can evolve in the manner in which Chinese is believed
to have evolved. Furthermore, this particular strand of general linguistic theory has recently been corroborated through stringent
statistical testing. Thus there is a glaring contradiction between two areas of scholarship, and to date there has been little
recognition by the scholarly community of the need to resolve this contradiction, indeed little willingness to admit its
existence. I argue that the contradiction is real and serious, and needs resolution.
An activity theory approach to the contextualization mechanism of language use
Authors: Sang Zhonggang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Contextualization is a widely-discussed topic in the field of linguistics. Although it is generally agreed that
contextualization is a dynamic process of interaction among the heterogeneous contextual factors, one still lacks a coherent
explanation of how the interactions enable a language user to construct a meaningful text/utterance. From an Activity Theory
perspective, language use can be termed as a rule-governed activity. The activity itself is the context of a subject’s
decision-making, and contextualization is nothing but the actualization process of a language use activity. During the process,
the subject strategizes her/his linguistic choice to build the textual outcome in light of the hierarchical text functions,
namely, the conventionalized and situational functions of prospective text (at the higher strata), which respectively embody the
social-cultural and situational factors constraining her/his actions, and the conventional function of textual tools (at the basic
stratum), a foremost factor conditioning her/his operation. When there are contradictions among these functions, the subject needs
to prioritize the one at a higher stratum. This can be exemplified by three typical cases of language use: translation,
pseudo-translation and self-translation.