bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Super‐ and Ferroelastic Organic Semiconductors for Ultraflexible Single‐Crystal Electronics
Authors: Park Sang Kyu , Sun Hong , Chung Hyunjoong , Patel Bijal B. , Zhang Fengjiao , Davies Daniel W. , Woods Toby J. , Zhao Kejie , Diao Ying 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLike silicon, single crystals of organic semiconductors are pursued to attain intrinsic charge transport properties. However, they are intolerant to mechanical deformation, impeding their application in flexible electronic devices. Such contradictory properties, namely exceptional molecular ordering and mechanical flexibility, are unified in this work. We found that bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene (TIPS‐P) crystals can undergo mechanically induced structural transitions to exhibit superelasticity and ferroelasticity. These properties arise from cooperative and correlated molecular displacements and rotations in response to mechanical stress. By utilizing a bending‐induced ferroelastic transition of TIPS‐P, flexible single‐crystal electronic devices were obtained that can tolerate strains (ϵ) of more than 13 % while maintaining the charge carrier mobility of unstrained crystals (μ>0.7 μ0). Our work will pave the way for high‐performance ultraflexible single‐crystal organic electronics for sensors, memories, and robotic applications.
Distribution of heavy metals in water, soil and vegetables adjacent to ash heaps from lignite‐fired power plants
Authors: Sun Yinglong , Zhao Zhide , Wang Bangda , Qian Shuan , Wu Menxin , Xu Lingling , Cao Yun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the environmental impact of the operation of lignite‐fired power plants in Yunnan Province. Soil, water, vegetable plant, and bottom ash samples were collected from around three lignite‐fired power plants in the area and the contamination levels of Cr, Cu, U, Mn, Cd, Ba, Pb, Sb, Co, and Ni in the samples were measured by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). These results showed the pollutants contents in the soils taken from around the three plants were similar. Ba, Mn, and Sb had the highest concentrations of 15492, 2417, and 281 mg/kg respectively, and rapidly migrated from ash to soil. The contents of the metals in four common vegetable plants grown in the area (pine, smilax, Artemisia apiacea, duchesnea) were also measured and found to be substantially less than those in the soils and ashes. The heavy metal concentrations in the plants and water were below the standard level. The running of the power plant thus only had negative impacts on the ambient soils, especially Ba and Mn pollution.
Design and synthesis of new lenalidomide analogs via Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction
Authors: Xiao Donghuai , Wang Yu‐jie , Wang Han‐lin , Zhou Yu‐bo , Li Jia , Lu Wei , Jin Jiyu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLenalidomide is a cereblon modulator known for its antitumor, anti‐inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties in clinical applications. Recently, some reported lenalidomide analogs could exhibit a significant bioactivity through various modifications in the isoindolinone ring. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of novel lenalidomide analogs on the basis of the installation of a methylene chain at the C‐4 position of isoindolinone via the Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction. These new compounds were further evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activities against two tumor cell lines (MM.1S and Mino). Specifically, compound 4c displayed the strongest antiproliferative activity against the MM.1S (IC50 = 0.27 ± 0.03 μM) and Mino (IC50 = 5.65 ± 0.58 μM) tumor cell lines. In summary, we have developed a new synthetic strategy for C‐4 derivatization of lenalidomide, providing a bioactive scaffold that could be used to discover further potential antitumor lead compounds in pharmaceutical research.
Recent Advances of Precise Cu Nanoclusters in Microporous Materials
Authors: Chen Tianxiang , Xue Qi , Leung Kwan‐Chee , Lo Benedict T. W. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis minireview highlights some recent advances in the rational design of precise Cu nanoclusters supported on microporous materials, including zeolites and metal‐organic frameworks. The development of comprehensive characterisation techniques enables scientists to elucidate the structure‐activity relationship of these catalysts, which aids the subsequent engineering of more superior catalytic systems at an atomistic perspective.
Symmetric, Asymmetric, and Battery‐Type Supercapacitors Using Two‐Dimensional Nanomaterials and Composites
Authors: Cherusseri Jayesh , Pandey Deepak , Thomas Jayan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRecent advances in the field of energy storage devices such as supercapacitors and batteries have helped mankind to cater to their power demands to a greater extent. 2D materials‐based electrodes have attracted great interest in the recent past due to their unique properties such as large surface area, good electronic conductivity, excellent electrochemical properties, and good chemical, electrochemical, and thermal stabilities, which are essential requirements for a supercapacitor electrode to obtain high‐performance. In this review, we discuss the recent advancements in the field of 2D materials such as MXenes, transition metal dichalcogenides, phosphorene, and their composites as electrodes in high‐performance supercapacitors. The electrochemical performances of these 2D materials‐based electrodes in symmetric, asymmetric, and battery‐type hybrid supercapacitors are reviewed. Emphasis is given to the recent developments on the battery‐type hybrid supercapacitors fabricated using these 2D materials‐based electrodes. The future perspectives of these materials in the next‐generation energy storage are also briefly discussed.
Weakly Coordinating Fluorine‐Free Polysalt for Single Lithium‐Ion Conductive Solid Polymer Electrolytes
Authors: Martinez‐Ibañez Maria , Sanchez‐Diez Eduardo , Qiao Lixin , Meabe Leire , Santiago Alexander , Zhu Haijin , O'Dell Luke A. , Carrasco Javier , Forsyth Maria , Armand Michel , Zhang Heng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA novel single lithium‐ion conducting (SLIC) polymer electrolyte containing a weakly coordinating fluorine‐free polysalt is presented. The polysalt, lithium poly(4‐styrenesulfonyl)(dicyano)methide (LiPSDM), is conceived on the basis of a fluorine‐free green chemistry, and motivated by the highly performing non‐fluorinated lithium tricyanomethanide (LiTCM) salt. The electrolyte comprising LiPSDM and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) shows good thermal stability, decent ionic conductivity, and high lithium transference number. In stark contrast to other fluorine‐free polysalts, such as, poly(4‐styrenesulfonate) (LiPSS), the replacement of −SO3− moiety by −SO2C(−)(CN)2 improves the flexibility of the anion and the charge delocalization, leading to an improved amorphization of PEO and an overall better performance. Moreover, solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements are performed to unravel the role of anion chemistry on the fundamental transport properties of SLICs. The present work is believed to facilitate the design of high‐performance fluorine‐free polymer electrolytes which are important building blocks for safe, green, and sustainable battery technologies.
Palmitoylated Proteins in Plasmodium falciparum‐Infected Erythrocytes: Investigation with Click Chemistry and Metabolic Labeling
Authors: Kilian Nicole , Zhang Yongdeng , LaMonica Lauren , Hooker Giles , Toomre Derek , Mamoun Choukri Ben , Ernst Andreas M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe examination of the complex cell biology of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum usually relies on the time‐consuming generation of transgenic parasites. Here, metabolic labeling and click chemistry are employed as a fast transfection‐independent method for the microscopic examination of protein S‐palmitoylation, an important post‐translational modification during the asexual intraerythrocytic replication of P. falciparum. Applying various microscopy approaches such as confocal, single‐molecule switching, and electron microscopy, differences in the extent of labeling within the different asexual developmental stages of P. falciparum and the host erythrocytes over time are observed.
Transcatheter biventricular conversion in an adult patient with a 1.5 ventricle Glenn palliation and superior vena cava syndrome
Authors: Tannous Paul , Popescu Andrada , Forbess Lisa , Nugent Alan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCovered stents have a continually expanding spectrum of applications for patients with congenital heart disease. Here we report use of covered stents to successfully perform a first‐in‐human percutaneous biventricular conversion of a 1.5 ventricle Glenn palliation in an adult born with pulmonary atresia. This case demonstrates that in patients considered borderline for biventricular repair, surgery can potentially be modified to promote growth of underdeveloped structures and setup for transcatheter biventricular conversion.
Abdominal compartment syndrome complicated by preeclampsia and partial HELLP syndrome in a 45‐year‐old woman: A case report
Authors: Kumasawa Keiichi , Kubota Kaori , Takahashi Yuko , Nakayama Toshio , Iriyama Takayuki , Nagamatsu Takeshi , Osuga Yutaka , Fujii Tomoyuki 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHELLP syndrome is sometimes followed by massive bleeding, leading to DIC. In cases of intra‐abdominal compartment syndrome due to massive intra‐abdominal bleeding after cesarean section, if preeclampsia and partial HELLP syndrome persist, hematoma removal helps in the recovery from preeclampsia and partial HELLP syndrome.
Incidental finding of thymic cyst in a newborn baby
Authors: Shaqiri Elmas , Vyshka Gentian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThymic hyperplasia is a common finding among newborns, but cyst formation might produce mediastinal symptoms. Lethal outcome is reported when accompanied by massive intrathoracic hemorrhage. The clinical picture in our case was characterized from profuse multiple hemorrhagic foci and respiratory distress syndrome, with an unclear role of the thymic cyst.
Selective and Scalable Electrosynthesis of 2H‐2‐(Aryl)‐benzo[d]‐1,2,3‐triazoles and Their N‐Oxides by Using Leaded Bronze Cathodes
Authors: Wirtanen Tom , Rodrigo Eduardo , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Siegfried R. Waldvogel at Johannes Gutenberg‐Universität Mainz. The image depicts the idea that synthetic electrochemistry is green chemistry in its essence. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201905874.
NIR Light‐Induced ATRP for Synthesis of Block Copolymers Comprising UV‐Absorbing Moieties
Authors: Kütahya Ceren , Meckbach Nicolai , Strehmel Veronika , Gutmann Jochen S. , Strehmel Bernd 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNIR exposure at 790 nm activated photopolymerization of monomers comprising UV‐absorbing moieties by using [CuII/(TPMA)]Br2 (TPMA=tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine) in the ppm range and an alkyl bromide as initiator. Some of them comprised structural elements selected either from those showing proton transfer or photocycloaddition upon UV excitation. Polymers obtained comprise living end groups serving as macroinitiator for controlled synthesis of block copolymers with relatively narrow molecular weight distributions. Chromatographic results indicated formation of block copolymers produced by this synthetic approach. Free‐radical polymerization of monomers pursued for comparison exhibited the expected broader dispersity of molecular weight compared to photo‐ATRP. Polymerization of these monomers by UV photo‐ATRP failed on the contrary to NIR photo‐ATRP demonstrating the UV‐filter function of the monomers. This work conclusively provides a new approach for the polymerization of monomers comprising UV‐absorbing moieties through photo‐ATRP in the NIR region. This occurred in a simple and efficient pathway. However, studies also showed that not all monomers chosen successfully proceeded in the NIR photo‐ATRP protocol.
Double layer crystallization of heptahelicene on noble metal surfaces
Authors: Seibel Johannes , Parschau Manfred , Ernst Karl‐Heinz 
Published: April 2020

AbstractResolution of enantiomers of chiral compounds via crystallization is the dominant method in chemical industry, but chiral recognition at the molecular level during this process is still poorly understood. Using single metal surfaces in ultrahigh vacuum as model system, the enantio‐related transition from the monolayer structure into a double layer of the racemic mixture of heptahelicene has been studied with scanning tunneling microscopy. Submolecular resolution reveals enantiopure second layers on Ag(111) and almost enantiopure second layers on Au(111). In analogy to previous results on Cu(111), it is concluded that transition from the 2D first layer racemate into a layered racemate occurs.
Retracted: Green intelligent financial system construction paradigm based on deep learning and concurrency models
Authors: Feng Xi , Shi Huanping , Wang Jian , Wang Shaoguang 
Published: April 2020

SummaryGreen finance represents a new trend and new direction for future financial development, and it is an innovation and change in the financial field. The role of the financial market in environmental protection has gradually become the consensus of the financial community. Although the total amount of environmental protection investment in China shows a growing trend, the actual environmental protection investment still has a large gap compared with the increasing capital demand for environmental protection work. Financial resources play a key role in resource allocation. As long as funds are gradually withdrawn from polluting industries, they will be more invested in green and environmental industries, and resources such as land and labor will be optimally allocated. Faced with the complex international and domestic economic environment and increasing environmental pressures, this article proposes the green intelligent financial system construction paradigm based on deep learning and concurrency models. The deep learning model specialized on convolutional neural networks (CNN) is applied to preprocess the information, the data cleaning and vision models are integrated to extract the structure data. The concurrency model is applied to guarantee the efficiency of the system. The experimental results compared with the state‐of‐the‐art models have reflected the robustness of the proposed framework.
Pregnane X Receptor Activator Rifampin Increases Blood Pressure and Stimulates Plasma Renin Activity
Authors: Hassani‐Nezhad‐Gashti Fatemeh , Salonurmi Tuire , Hautajärvi Heidi , Rysä Jaana , Hakkola Jukka , Hukkanen Janne 
Published: April 2020

We conducted a clinical trial with 22 healthy volunteers to investigate the effects of pregnane X receptor (PXR) agonist rifampin on blood pressure (BP). The study was randomized, crossover, single‐blind, and placebo‐controlled. Rifampin 600 mg or placebo once daily was administered for a week and the 24‐hour ambulatory BP was monitored at the end of each arm on the eighth day. Rifampin elevated the mean systolic and diastolic 24‐hour BP (4.7 mmHg, P < 0.0001, and 3.0 mmHg, P < 0.001, respectively) as well as the mean heart rate (3.5 bpm, P = 0.038). The serum renin concentration and the plasma renin activity were increased. Although rifampin increased circulating 4β‐hydroxycholesterol (4βHC) as expected, the plasma 4βHC concentration strongly negatively correlated with 24‐hour BP, especially systolic, in both rifampin and placebo arms (rifampin systolic BP, r = −0.69, P < 0.001; placebo systolic BP, r = −0.70, P < 0.001). The 4βHC, an agonist for liver X receptor (LXR), induced renin expression modestly in LXR‐α expressing Calu‐6 cells but only at unphysiologically high 4βHC concentrations. In conclusion, rifampin stimulates renin activity and has a hypertensive effect. This finding should be considered when designing interaction studies involving rifampin or other PXR agonists. Furthermore, PXR may represent a putative therapeutic target for the treatment of hypertension.
A reporter mouse for in vivo detection of DNA damage in embryonic germ cells
Authors: Bloom Jordana C. , Schimenti John C. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryMaintaining genome integrity in the germline is essential for survival and propagation of a species. In both mouse and human, germ cells originate during fetal development and are hypersensitive to both endogenous and exogenous DNA damaging agents. Currently, mechanistic understanding of how primordial germ cells respond to DNA damage is limited in part by the tools available to study these cells. We developed a mouse transgenic reporter strain expressing a 53BP1‐mCherry fusion protein under the control of the Oct4ΔPE embryonic germ cell‐specific promoter. This reporter binds sites of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) on chromatin, forming foci. Using ionizing radiation as a DNA DSB‐inducing agent, we show that the transgenic reporter expresses specifically in the embryonic germ cells of both sexes and forms DNA damage induced foci in both a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. The dynamic time‐sensitive and dose‐sensitive DNA damage detection ability of this transgenic reporter, in combination with its specific expression in embryonic germ cells, makes it a versatile and valuable tool for increasing our understanding of DNA damage responses in these unique cells.
Implications of life history uncertainty when evaluating status in the Northwest Atlantic population of white shark (Carcharodon carcharias)
Authors: Bowlby Heather D. , Gibson A. Jamie F. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTo effectively protect at‐risk sharks, resource managers and conservation practitioners must have a good understanding of how fisheries removals contribute to changes in abundance and how regulatory restrictions may impact a population trajectory. This means they need to know the number of animals being removed from a population and whether a given number of removals will lead to population increases or declines. For white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), theoretical quantities like the intrinsic rate of population increase or rebound potential (ability to increase in size following decline) are difficult to conceptualize in terms of real‐world abundance changes, which limits our ability to answer practical management questions. To address this shortfall, we designed a simulation model to evaluate how our understanding of longevity and life history variability of white shark affects our understanding of population trends in the Northwest Atlantic. Then, we quantified the magnitude of removals that could have caused historical population declines, compared these to biologically based reference points, and explored the removal scenarios which would result in population increase. Our results suggest that removals on the order of 100s of juveniles per year could have resulted in population‐level declines in excess of 60% during the 1970s and 1980s. Conservation actions implemented since the 1990s would have needed to be nearly 100% effective at preventing fishing mortality in order for the population to double in abundance over the last 30 years. Total removals from all fleets needed to be exceptionally small to keep them below biological reference points for white shark in the Northwest Atlantic. The population's inherent vulnerability to fishing pressure reaffirms the need for restrictive national and international conservation measures, even under a situation of abundance increase.
Consequences on islet and incretin hormone responses to dinner by omission of lunch in healthy men
Authors: Lindgren Ola , Ahrén Bo 
Published: April 2020

SummaryBackgroundOmission of breakfast results in higher glucose and lower insulin and incretin hormone levels after both lunch and dinner. Whether omission of lunch has a similar impact on the following meal is not known.AimThis study therefore explored whether omission of lunch ingestion affects glucose, islet and incretin hormones after dinner ingestion in healthy subjects.Materials & MethodsTwelve male volunteers (mean age 22 years, BMI 22.5 kg/m2) underwent two test days in random order with standard breakfast and dinner on both days with provision or omission of standard lunch in between.ResultsThe results showed that throughout the 300 minutes study period, glucose, insulin, glucagon and GIP levels after dinner ingestion did not differ between the two tests. In contrast, C‐peptide, and GLP‐1 levels were 26%‐35% higher at later time points after dinner ingestion when lunch had been omitted (P < .05).ConclusionWe conclude that omission of lunch increases GLP‐1 and insulin secretion and possibly also insulin clearance resulting in unchanged glucose and insulin levels after dinner ingestion.
Prognosemodell für sümpfungsbedingte Bodenbewegungen
Authors: Aulbach Benjamin , Ziegler Martin , Ruoff Markus 
Published: April 2020

AbstractZur Abbildung aktueller und zur Prognose weiterer sümpfungsbedingter Bodenbewegungen wurde ein auf bodenmechanischen Grundsätzen basierendes Modell entwickelt. Das Modell wurde bis dato sowohl im Rahmen bergrechtlich erforderlicher Nachweise durch die RWE Power AG als auch im Rahmen umweltrelevanter Untersuchungen durch das Landesamt für Umwelt, Natur und Verbraucherschutz NRW an mehr als 30 Punkten im Rheinischen Braunkohlerevier angewandt. Dabei können das seit den 1950er‐Jahren beobachtete und gemessene Bodenbewegungsverhalten qualitativ und quantitativ sehr gut abgebildet und darauf basierend zukünftige Bodenbewegungen prognostiziert werden. Aktuell in Bezug auf das Hebungsverhalten bindiger Böden noch vorhandenen Unsicherheiten können durch fortlaufende Messungen und Nachkalibrierungen weiter reduziert und so die Prognose stetig verbessert werden. Weiterhin lässt sich das Modell bei neuen Randbedingungen etwa infolge des durch die Bundesregierung beschlossenen Kohleausstiegs einfach anpassen und ist zudem prinzipiell auf andere Braunkohleabbaugebiete übertragbar oder auch für sonstige Anwendungen adaptierbar.
Special considerations for elderly patients with head and neck cancer during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Sharma Arun , Crosby Dana L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractElderly patients with head and neck cancer are at increased risk of adverse outcomes during and after treatment of head and neck cancer. COVID‐19 severity and mortality can be expected to be significantly greater in elderly patients with head and neck cancer, given that increased age, comorbidities, and presence of malignancy are known risk factors for disease severity and mortality in patients with COVID‐19. Therefore, their management requires multidisciplinary consensus and patient input. A thorough geriatric assessment, which has been shown to be beneficial prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic, could be particularly helpful in this patient population with the added dimension of COVID‐19 risk. In many cases, prudent treatment plan modification may allow for overall best outcomes. Furthermore, recruitment of social services and, when appropriate, palliative care, may allow for optimal management of these patients.