bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MOBILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES FROM THE TERRITORY OF ASTRAKHAN PROVINCE, RUSSIA
Authors: Burlyaeva M. O. , Gridnev G. A. , Miroshnichenko E. V. 
Published: January 2020

Background. The vegetation in Astrakhan Province has for a long time attracted the interest of natural scientists. However, due to inaccessibility of a number of habitats and ‘landscape ϐluidity’ in the Volga-Akhtuba ϐloodplain and the Volga estuary, not all of its areas have been explored comprehensively enough. The local vast resources of useful plants of arid steppes and deserts, including crop wild relatives (CWR), have until now remained unused. Studying and mobilizing valuable plant samples, forms and species from natural communities would help to preserve the bioresources of desertiϐied steppes and deserts, and enhance their utilization in arid areas.Methods. The collecting mission’s route passed through Chernoyarsky, Yenotaevsky, Narimanovsky, Krasnoyarsky, Kharabalinsky, Akhtubinsky, Privolzhsky, Kamyzyaksky, Limansky and Ikryaninsky districts of Astrakhan Province. With the itinerary-based method of surveying, the explorations were carried out from August 12 through August 30, 2017. The length of the route was 2,467 km. Coordinates of the collecting sites and altitudes above sea level were identiϐied with a Garmin etrex 20x navigation device.Results. The diversity of CWR and landraces was explored in various natural ecosystems of the Volga river basin. Sixty-eight phytocenoses were described, and 160 seed samples of 39 plant species (25 genera) were collected, representing old landraces and wild relatives of fodder, fruit, cereal, vegetable and ϐiber crops. Many of the collected plant forms and populations with valuable biological traits deserve to be included in introduction trials and breeding programs, especially those that may serve as sources of heat, drought and salt tolerance.
THE LINE RICO IS THE EARLIEST MATURING ACCESSION IN THE VIR COLLECTION OF SPRING BREAD WHEAT
Authors: Rigin B. V. , Zuev E. V. , Andreeva A. S. , Pyzhenkova Z. S. , Matvienko I. I. 
Published: January 2020

Background. To optimize the process of bread wheat breeding for earliness and environmental adaptability, searching for new source material is a crucial task. The ultra-early line Rico (k-65588) – Triticum aestivum var. erythrospermum Koern. – stands out among the bread wheat accessions from the VIR collection for its important adaptive features.Materials and methods. Spring wheat accessions with different speed of development were selected from the VIR collection for this study, along with the ultra-early lines Rifor 1 ... 10 (F6-7 Rico × Forlani Roberto k-42641) and Fori 1 ... 8 (k-65589 ... k-65596) (F4 Foton k-55696 × Rico). Their responses to a short 12-hour day were assessed. Vernalization conditions were 30 days at 3°C. The genetics of plant sensitivity to vernalization and photoperiods was studied using allele-specific primers for the genes Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 and Ppd-D1.Results and conclusions. In the Northwest of Russia, the period from seeding to heading for Rico plants was 39.9 ± 1.49 days, or 14.8 ± 1.22 days less than for the released commercial wheat cultivars. Among the 8400 wheat accessions, studied by the Wheat Genetic Resources Department of VIR in this area from 1948 to 2018, the shortest period from germination to heading was observed in the line Rico: 29 (28–30) days. The absence of response to vernalization in Rico, Fori and Rifor lines was determined by the dominant alleles Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1. Photoperiodism in Rico and partially in Rifor was controlled by at least two genes: Ppd-D1 and Ppd-B1. In the F2 population of Rico hybrids with 8 wheat accessions no transgression was observed beyond the limits of Rico‘s variation. The difference in the development rate between Rico and other wheat accessions is controlled by two or three non-allelic genes. Rifor lines can compete in productivity with commercialized wheat cultivars.
Comparison of single shot caudal Ropivacaine and Bupivacaine in paediatric patients undergoing herniotomy
Authors: Ravi Rishabh , Shakya Bigen Man , Shrestha Anil 
Published: January 2020

Background: Inguinal hernia repair is a common surgical procedure in children. Caudal block is an appropriate technique for the treatment of post operative pain in children undergoing herniotomy. This study compared the effects of Ropivacaine and Bupivacaine in caudal block in children undergoing herniotomy.
Methodology: A total of 74 patients between 5-16 yrs undergoing herniotomy were randomized in two groups. In Group B, 0.75ml/kg of 0.25% caudal Bupivacaine was administered whereas Group R received 0.75 ml/kg of 0.25% caudal Ropivacaine. Pain score was assessed using Wong Baker pain scale in post operative period and motor power was assessed using modified Bromage scale till 6 hours.
Results: The mean duration of post operative analgesia was found to be 253.51 ± 11.48 minutes in Bupivacaine and 258.1 ± 12.10 minutes in Ropivacaine group. The median duration of motor block was 180 (Q1 60- Q3 180) minutes in Bupivacaine and 30 (Q1 22.5- Q3 45) minutes in Ropivacaine group which was statistically significant. There was complete recovery of motor block by 2 hour in Ropivacaine and by 4 hour in Bupivacaine group. (p value< 0.001).
Conclusion: From the current study, it is concluded that caudal Ropivacaine at 0.25% concentration and 0.75ml/ kg provides similar duration of post operative analgesia with less motor block in comparison to Bupivacaine.
Life style factors associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shrestha Bikash , Nepal Bipin , Shakya Yagya Laxmi , Regmi Binaya 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the commonest form of diabetes affecting more than 90% of the diabetic population worldwide. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and its complications are increasing in the world, including developing nations like Nepal. This study aimed to determine the association between the lifestyle risk factors and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Nepalese population.
Methods: This is hospital based cross sectional observational study done in the urban area of Nepal. Records of clients coming for the general health checkup in Grande International Hospital were evaluated in this study. Comparisons of the lifestyle factors in participants having and not having type 2 diabetes mellitus were done.
Results: Significant associations with diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 were seen in age (P ≤ 0.001), associated hypertension (P ≤ 0.001), dyslipidemia, family history of DM (P ≤ 0.001), alcohol use (P ≤ 0.001), and tobacco use (P ≤ 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of having diabetes were high in age group above 40 (OR – 6.9, CI 3.82 – 12.47), history of hypertension (OR- 3.84, CI 2.42 – 6.08), tobacco users (OR-2.26, CI 1.12 – 4.53), alcohol users (OR-3.99, CI 2.47 – 6.44), family history of DM (OR-2.44, CI 1.53 – 3.89), and abdominal obesity in both males (OR-3.9, CI 2 – 7.4) and females (OR-9.6, CI 3.78 – 24.35).
Conclusions: The modifiable risk factors - obesity, smoking and alcohol use carry significant risks of developing type 2 diabetes. These red flag signs call for urgent attention to look for and rectify the modifiable risk factors in Nepalese population to prevent diabetes.
ABO blood group discrepancies: Study of prevalence and related factors
Authors: Nepal Bipin , Shrestha Bikash , Maharjan Sabindra , Bhasima Sunil , Shrestha Shrawan Kumar 
Published: January 2020

Background: ABO discrepancy is any deviation from the expected pattern of red cell antigen grouping with serum-grouping or when the forward-grouping results do not correlate with reverse-grouping results. This study was done to determine the incidence and causes of ABO discrepancies and to identify the correct blood group for safe blood transfusions.
Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study. It was done on 9970 samples collected between June 2017and May 2018. All ABO typing records kept at the Grande International Hospital (GIH) blood bank laboratory were reviewed.
Results: During the study period, 9970 blood grouping tests were performed. ABO discrepancies occurred in 26 of them. Discrepancies were more prevalent in the age of 20-30 and 30-40 years. Majority were seen in patients with history of pregnancy/miscarriage (30%) and with any Carcinoma (23%). The most common blood group involved was B with 34% frequency. 96% were reverse discrepancy type, 84% with extra antibody which was resolved by incubating the sample at 37°C for 30 minutes signifying most probably A and B subgroups and auto/allo antibodies.
Conclusion: This study emphasizes the need of considering ABO discrepancies in blood banks for donors and recipients for safe blood transfusion to avoid any fatal complications. This discrepancy ratio of 1/384 is more than in other studied population of other countries and also higher than ABO mismatched transfusion in standard centers in Nepal. Repeat testing and investigating for ABO subgroups and auto/allo antibodies is important.
Epidemiological study of spine cases admitted at Grande International Hospital
Authors: Khan Javed Ahmad , Bijukachhe Binod , Joshi Gyanendra , Dahal Ram Krishna 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Our institution is tertiary care centre and referral centre for spine surgery. We like to share the epidemiological parameters of the case treated here.
Methods: This is retrospective, descriptive study conducted from 2013 to August 2018. All the data retrieved from hospital information system of admitted patients and demographic presentations, disease pattern, region of involvement were analyzed.
Result: There were a total of 698 patients. Male were 262(37.5%) and female were 436(62.5%). Age wise distribution ranged from 2 years to 85 years. Maximum numbers of patients were from 31 to 60 years (57.5%) and there were only 3% of cases less than 15 years and above 76 years. 30.2% cases were related to trauma, 29.8% of cases were related to disc pathology, followed by degenerative diseases 13%, infection 9.2%, and 5.4% were of tumors 8.7 % were cases were not classified in the above categories. There were 56.7% cases from lumbosacral region, 16.3% cases from thoracic region, 13.2% cases from cervical region, 5.7% cases were from multiple regions. 0.3% were of generalized nature which could not be classified.
Conclusion: Spinal diseases are more common in female population, more frequent in third to sixth decade of life. Highest numbers of cases were from traumatic cause followed by degenerative disc diseases. Lumbosacral region is most commonly affected.
Role of Micro ESR in the Evaluation of Neonatal Sepsis
Authors: Kafle Raju , Yadav Jaydeep , Gupta Binod Kumar , Gupta Badri Kumar 
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION: In a developing country like Nepal, where proper medical care and obstetrical facilities are still scarce in the rural areas, neonatal sepsis is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. With limited resources, early diagnosis and treatment if crucial, may not be achieved. Objective of this study is to evaluate the role of micro ESR in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective analytical study was done where all neonates with suspected sepsis admitted in NICU were included in the study. Micro-ESR was measured with relevant septic screening investigations. The micro-ESR was compared with age specific cut off value and the results were compared with various clinical presentations, laboratory findings and outcome variables.
RESULTS: Out of 250 neonates, micro-ESR was elevated in 12% (29 neonates) of cases. Total proven sepsis is 6%, probable sepsis 60.8% and no sepsis in 33.2%. Correlation of elevated micro ESR was statistically significant with presence of clinical symptoms, clinical and systemic signs. It had significant clinical association with blood culture and CSF findings. The sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive value of micro ESR compared to blood culture was 93.3%, 93.6%, 48.3% and 99.5%.
CONCLUSION:- Micro ESR is a simple, relatively cheap and sensitive study in prediction of neonatal sepsis. It can be useful test in settings with limited resources.
Analgesic Efficacy and Tolerability of Tramadol Versus Low Dose Tramadol-Paracetamol in Patients with Gastro Intestinal Surgery
Authors: Nepal Monica , Paudel Rama , Poudel Rajesh , Gautam Narayan 
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION: Analgesic regimens with an improved efficacy and tolerability balance have potential to improve acute pain management, and thus reduce the progression into chronic pain. Hence, an opportunity was gained to compare analgesic efficacy and tolerability of Tramadol (T) 1.5 mg/kg versus low dose Tramadol 1mg/kg-Paracetamol 1000mg (T-P) in patient with Gastro Intestinal (GI) surgery.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was a hospital based prospective, observational study conducted in sixty post-operative GI surgery patient at Universal College of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital, Ranigaon, Bhairahawa, Nepal. One group received Tramadol 1.5mg/kg (n=30) while the other group received Tramadol 1mg/kg with Paracetamol 1000 mg (n=30). The primary efficacy outcome measures were pain intensity difference (PID) and sum of pain intensity difference (SPID) whereas secondary efficacy measures included number of patient who require rescue medication, haemodynamic parameter, their quality of sleep in the night and satisfaction with their medication. For tolerability, adverse effect was noted that occurred during study time intervals.
RESULTS: Mean pain intensity differences assessed on Numerical Rating Scores (NRS) were significantly better for Group T-P compared to Group T at all the points except 0.5, 1 and 6 hrs. The sum of pain intensity difference over 8, 16, 24, 48 hrs for Group T-P was significantly superior to Group T. Two patients in Tramadol group required rescue medication. Satisfaction to the pain medication was comparatively higher for Tramadol-Paracetamol group.
CONCLUSION :- Tramadol-Paracetamol had more pronounced analgesic effect with lower incidence of side effect than Tramadol alone. Thus, low dose Tramadol-Paracetamol is better option for management of post-operative pain in patient with GI surgery.
Normal Kidney Size in Nepalese Female at KMCTH
Authors: Badu Muna , Rajbhandari Shankar Bahadur Singh , Regmi Pashupati 
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION: Baseline knowledge of normal kidney size is essential when evaluating patients with possible renal disease. This study was done to assess normal kidney size in Nepalese female at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital.
MATERIALAND METHODS: Prospective hospital based cross sectional study was conducted including 231 adult females without any known renal diseases from November 2018 to February 2019. Renal length was measured as longest pole to pole distance. Renal width was measured as the maximum dimension in the cross section at the level of the renal hilum. Cortical thickness was measured between outer renal margin and renal sinus in transverse plane.
RESULTS: The mean length of right and left kidneys were 96.53±8.29 mm and 100.47±9.15 mm respectively with a range of 76-120 mm and 78-120 mm respectively. The mean renal width was 46.80±6.87 mm for right kidneys and 48.61±6.64 mm for left kidneys. The mean cortical thickness were 17.03±3.58 mm for right kidneys and 17.43±3.73 mm for left kidneys. There was significant correlation between length of right and left kidney, however there was no significant correlation between kidney length with kidney width and kidney length with cortical thickness. There was no significant correlation of renal parameters with age, height, weight and body mass index.
CONCLUSION: Normal kidney size of Nepalese females visiting Kathmandu Medical College was comparable to the previous studies. This will help as future reference to evaluate abnormal kidney sizes.
The Effectiveness of Video Assisted Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty among Nursing Staff
Authors: Shrestha Neelam , Shrestha Pragya , Yadav Roshan Dev 
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION: Percutaneous Transluminal coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) is an increasingly important revascularization strategy in coronary artery disease management and can be an emergent planned or rescue procedure. Nurses play a critical role in delivering care both in the independent and collaborative contexts of PTCA management. To improve the care given to patients, it is important to base practice on high level evidence. The study was carried out to assess the knowledge regarding percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty among nursing staffs and to evaluate the effectiveness of video assisted teaching programme.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: Quasi experimental one group pre-test post-test research was done. The target population for the study were nursing staffs working in Universal College of Medical Sciences (UCMS), Bhairahawa and those who were willing to participate were included in the study and non-willing staffs were excluded. The total duration of study was three months from 25/07/2018 to 22/10/2018.Convenient sampling technique was used for the study. Among 102 nursing staffs, 62 nursing staffs were participated in the study. The time taken to complete the demographic data and questionnaire was 20-30 minutes. On the same day after the pre-test video assisted teaching programme was administered to the subject to assess the knowledge regarding Percutaneous Transluminal coronary angioplasty. Post-test was conducted with the same questionnaire on the seventh day of pre-test. Data was collected using structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0.
RESULTS: The findings of the study revealed that only 1.6% of the nurses had adequate level of knowledge before video assisted teaching programme which increased to 64.5% in post-test.
CONCLUSION: The knowledge score of most of the nurses on PTCA was moderate before the administration of video assisted teaching programme whereas as most of the nurses had adequate knowledge score after the teaching. There was overall gain in knowledge score following the video assisted teaching programme
The Analysis of Cell Phone Usage among Medical Students in UCMS, Bhairahawa, Nepal
Authors: Maddheshiya Nisha , Rastogi Varun , Gautam Vanita , Nishant Dr 
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION: The smartphones have become an integral part of human's life. It combines different sophisticated features that allow users to keep pictures, memories, personal information, correspondence, health and financial data in one place. The phones allow people to maintain continuous communication without interruption of their movements and distances. Smartphones and handheld devices (HHD) combine advanced computing capability, such as internet communication, information retrieval, video, e-commerce and other features, that makes the device one of the indispensable requirements for many people.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research work was carried out to understand and also find correlation between excess usage of cell phones and its impact on human health. The study incorporates structured questionnaire administered to 200 medical students of their knowledge with the data obtained and statistically analyzed during the course of the study.
RESULTS: Our findings indicated that students are influenced negatively by mobile phones because attention is focused on chatting, music, surfing, entertainment and movies neglecting their health that has an impact on their physical and psychological status, which directly relates to the duration of usage of phone.
CONCLUSION: Mobile phone is one of the technologies of present era. It has both positive and negative impact on society. However, addiction and huge reliance on cell phones carry risks on human development and health. The current study highlights potential risks that cell phones can cause to medical students and the negative impact it has on their health status.
Experiences of Women with Infertility attending Gynae OPD of Tertiary Hospital of Rupandehi
Authors: Gurung Saraj , Ghimire Sulochana , Kachapati Anuja 
Published: January 2020

INTRODUCTION: One of the most important and underappreciated reproductive health problems in developing countries is the high rate of infertility and childlessness. The inability to have a child is frequently considered a personal tragedy affecting the entire family and even the local community.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The descriptive phenomenological research design was used to explore experiences of women with infertility. Fifteen women with infertility were selected by purposive sampling technique. Data was collected through in-depth interview method using unstructured questionnaire and thematic analysis was done.
RESULTS: Among 15, 46.66% of the participants had gynecological problems and 53.33% had medical problems such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Thirty-three percentage of participants' spouse had problem of low sperm count and absence of sperm. Most of the participants and their spouses were under treatment. Sixty percentage of the participants had experienced psychosocial problems and 26.66% had experienced physical and sexual problems because of infertility.
CONCLUSION: It is concluded that participants are suffered mainly from psychosocial problems beside that physical and sexual problems. Cent percent of the participants were under treatment and majority of participants said they will try for conception until fertility seized. One third of participants spouse had problem of sperm. It is recommended to concerned authority of hospital to provide couple counseling regarding infertility
Valores dentro de la cultura, la ciencia, el arte y la tecnología
Authors: Pantigoso Pecero Manuel 
Published: January 2020

En esta oportunidad las páginas de Tradición se abren en el marco de las celebraciones por los 50 años de vida institucional de la Universidad Ricardo Palma para presentar, como en cada número, una síntesis de lo mejor de su producción académica. La publicación es parte de la gran cantidad de actividades culturales y artísticas que realiza la Oficina Central de Extensión Cultural y Proyección Social, lo cual nos ha otorgado el reconocimiento local y nacional al ser conocida como la “universidad de la cultura”.
Las xilografías de Demetrio Peralta/Diego Kunurana en Boletín Titikaka y otras revistas
Authors: Reynoso Christian 
Published: January 2020

ResumenEl presente ensayo forma parte del libro de próxima publicación El arte de Demetrio Peralta (Diego Kunurana) Vanguardia y modernidad de Christian Reynoso. El autor nos acerca a la primera etapa creativa de este artista puneño, marcada por las xilografías que publicó en el Boletín Titikaka (Puno: 1926-1930) y otras revistas de la época, y que pueden ser vistas como la representación y expresión de la estética pictórica del vanguardismo que se practicó en el sur peruano. En esa línea, resulta importante revalorar y rescatar el arte de Peralta/Kunurana, hasta hoy un artista poco conocido y valorado dentro de la pintura peruana pese a los diversos registros artísticos de los que nutrió su obra.Palabras clave: Demetrio Peralta, Diego Kunurana, Xilografía, Boletín Titikaka, Cunan, Pintura peruana, Puno
AbstractThe present essay is part of the unpublished book El arte de Demetrio Peralta (Diego Kunurana) Vanguardia y modernidad by Christian Reynoso. The author brings us closer to the first creative stage of this artist from Puno, marked by the woodcuts he published in the Boletín Titikaka (Puno: 1926-1930) and other magazines of the time, which can be seen as the representation and expression of the pictorial aesthetics of the avant-garde that was practiced in the Peruvian south. In this line, it is important to revalue and rescue the art of Peralta/Kunurana, until today an artist little known and valued in Peruvian painting despite the various artistic records that nurtured his work.Keywords: Demetrio Peralta, Diego Kunurana, Woodcut, Boletín Titikaka, Cunan, Peruvian painting, Puno