bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tradisi Pembiatan Kabit dari Kulit Kayu Pada Suku Mentawai, Sumatera Barat
Authors: Handini Retno 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT. The Tradition of Bark Cloth Kabit (Loin Cloth) Making at Mentawai west Sumatera. Apart from tattoos that decorated the whole body, the loincloth made from a tree bark known as kabit, is one of strong identities of the tribe of Mentawai in West Sumatra. This kabit was formerly used to be their daily cloth, but recently, only a shaman (sikerey) or hunting people wearing this bark cloth. It is made of a bark of a big tree, beaten by a beater called panasalat, then used simplify when it is prepared. The existence of this kabit as a kind of bark cloth among the people of Mentawai is a long tradition from their prehistoric ancestor that still survives up to the present day. This bark cloth was never discovered from the Neolithic sites, certainly because of decaying process, but the occasionally discovery of its beaters, made from the stone in Minanga Sipakko (South Sulawesi) and some sites in Kalimantan, proved their utilization during the period of Neolithic. For this reason, the making of loincloth, kabit, among the Mentawai people is a window to look at how the prehistoric man made their bark cloth some 4,000 years ago. ABSTRAK. Selain tato yang menghiasi seluruh tubuh, cawat yang dibuat dari kulit kayu, yang dikenal dengan nama lokal kabit, merupakan salah satu identitas Suku Mentawai di Sumatra Barat. Kabit ini dahulu merupakan pakaian sehari-hari mereka, akan tetapi saat ini, hanya saman (sikerey) atau orang yang sedang berburu yang memakainya. Cawat ini dibuat dari kulit kayu pohon besar, yang dipukul-pukul dengan pemukul kayu (panasalat), kemudian digunakan setelah selesai disiapkan. Di kalangan Suku Mentawai, kabit sebagai pakaian kulit kayu telah menjadi tradisi panjang mereka sejak masa prasejarah hingga saat ini. Pakaian kulit kayu tidak pernah ditemukan dari situs-situs neolitik, tentu saja karena telah lapuk, tetapi melalui penemuan-penemuan pemukul kulit kayu yang dibuat dari batu di Situs Minanga Sipakko (Sulawesi Selatan) dan beberapa situs di Kalimantan, merupakan bukti dari pemakaian pakaian kulit kayu ini pada periode neolitik. Oleh karenanya, pembuatan cawat (kabit) di kalangan Suku Mentawai merupakan sebuah jendela masa lalu untuk melihat ke belakang, bagaimana manusia prasejarah membuat pakaian kulit kayu mereka pada sekitar 4.000 tahun yang lalu.
The Origins of the Obsidian Artifacts from Gua Pawon, Dago and Bukit Karsamanik in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Chia Stephen , Yondri Lutfi , Simanjuntak Truman 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. This paper presents the results of a study to determine whether the obsidian artifacts found in Gua Pawon, Dago and Bukit Karsamanik in Bandung came from the well-known sources of Gunung Kendan in Nagreg, Kampung Rejeng in Garut or elsewhere. Obsidian artifacts for this study were obtained from earlier archaeological excavations at Gua Pawon and from chance finds at the sites of Dago and Bukit Karsamanik in Bandung. Samples of obsidian were also collected from the known obsidian sources in Gunung Kendan in Nagreg and Kampung Rejeng in Garut for comparative purposes.Analyses of these samples were done on a scanning electron microscope using the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer at the University of Science Malaysia, Penang and the electron microprobe at the University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur. Multi-element analysis was undertaken, and statistical procedures were performed on data obtained from the artifacts and the sources. The results of the study thus far suggested that the obsidian artifacts from Gua Pawon were made using obsidian obtained from both Gunung Kendan and Kampung Rejeng sources while those from Dago and Bukit Karsamanik have yet to be determined. More samples from all the known obsidian sources are needed to determine the variability within and between all the different sources. Temporally, the study also revealed that prehistoric humans at Gua Pawon exploited or used the same obsidian resources over several thousands of years. Abstrak. Tulisan ini membahas hasil studi tentang sumber bahan baku artefak obsidian yang ditemukan di Gua Pawon, Dago, dan Bukit Karsamanik, Bandung. Analisis dilakukan terhadap sejumlah artefak obsidian, temuan ekskavasi di Gua Pawon dan temuan permukaan di Situs Dago dan Bukit Karsamanik. Untuk perbandingan dilakukan juga analisis terhadap obsidian dari Gunung Kendan di Nagrek dan Kampung Rejeng di Garut, dua lokasi sumber obsidian di Jawa Barat.Analisis dilakukan dengan cara "scanning electron microscope", menggunakan "energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer" di Universitas Sains Malaysia, Penang dan "electron microprobe" di Universitas Malaya, Kuala Lumpur. Analisis multielemen dan perhitungan statistic dilakukan terhadap data yang diperoleh dari artefak dan bahan. Hasil studi memperlihatkan artefak obsidian dari Gua Pawon menggunakan bahan dari Gunung Kendan dan Kampung Rejeng, sementara artefak Dago dan Bukit Karsamanik belum diketahui sumbernya. Analisis terhadap bahan dari sumber-sumber lain sangat diperlukan untuk menentukan variabilitas di dalam dan di antarasumber-sumber yang berbeda. Untuk sementara, hasil studi memperlihatkan manusia prasejarah Gua Pawon mengeksploitasi dan menggunakan sumber-sumber obsidian yang sama selama beberapa ribu tahun.
Geologi Situs Paleolitik Pacitan Bagian Timur Kabupaten Pacitan, Provinsi Jawa Timur
Authors: S. Intan M. Fadhlan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The Geology of the Paleolithic Site of the Eastern Part of Pacitan, Pacitan Regency, East Java Province. The Paleolithic Site of the Eastern Part of Pacitan is located at Km-10 to Km-18 east of the city of Pacitan to the direction of Trenggalek regency. It covers three main rivers, namely Kedunggamping (Padi) River, Ngrendeng-Tulakan River, and Lorog River. The site has lowland, weak wavy, strong wavy, and karst morphological units. It is situated at an elevation of O - 900 m above sea level. The three rivers that flow in this area are old and old-mature stadium ones, with observable trellis and rectangular desiccated patterns. They belong to periodic, consequent, and subsequent types. The rocks that compose the area are volcanic breccia, conglomerate, ingenous rock unit, sand stone, tuff, clay-stone, silt, limestone unit, and alluvial sediment, with ages that range from Oligocene up to Holocene. The geological structures that are found in this place include sincline fold and strike slip. The river terraces belong to the first, which still directly connected to the river surface. Disturbance on geological structure is one of the factors that influence the position and existence of the river terraces. Lithic tools made of chert, andesite, jasper, silicified-limestone, wood fossil, chalcedony, and limestone are found at this site. The raw materials of those tools (granule, pebbles, and boulders) are usually available along the rivers.Abstrak. Lokasi Situs Paleolitik Pacitan bagian Timur terletak di Km-10 hingga Km-18 sebelah timur Kota Pacitan ke arah Kabupaten Trenggalek. Situs Paleolitik ini meliputi wilayah Sungai Kedunggamping (Sungai Padi), Sungai Ngrendeng-Tulakan, dan Sungai Lorog. Bentang alam wilayah situs ini termasuk pada satuan morfologi dataran, satuan morfologi bergelombang lemah, satuan morfologi bergelombang kuat, dan satuan morfologi karst. Ketinggian situs berada pada O - 900 meter di atas permukaan air laut. Ketiga sungai itu termasuk pada sungai berstadia Tua (old river stadium) dan Dewasa-Tua (old-mature), dengan kenampakan pola pengeringan Trellis dan Rectangular. Selain itu, termasuk pada Sungai Periodis, Sungai Konsekuen, dan Sungai Subsekuen. Batuan penyusun wilayah situs adalah breksi vulkanik, konglomerat, satuan batuan beku, batu pasir, tufa, batu lempung, batu lanau, satuan batu gamping, dan endapan aluvial. Kisaran umurnya ialah dari Oligosen hingga Holosen. Struktur geologi yang melewati wilayah situs adalah Lipatan (fold) dari jenis sinklin, dan Patahan (fault) dari jenis sesar geser. Undak-undak sungai yang teramati termasuk pada undak sungai pertama yang masih berhubungan langsung dengan muka air sungai. Gangguan struktur geologi ikut mempengaruhi keletakan dan keberadaan undak-undak sungai itu sendiri. Alat-alat litik terdiri dari batuan chert, andesit, jasper, batugamping kersikan, fosil kayu, kalsedon, dan batugamping. Sumber bahan baku alat-alat litik tersebut umumnya berada di alur-alur sungai dalam bentuk kerikil, kerakal, dan boulder batuan.
Kondisi Kehidupan Keagamaan Masa Majapahit Berdasarkan Sumber Tertulis dan Data Arkeologi
Authors: Kartakusuma Richadiana Kadarisman 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. The Condition of Spiritual Life During The Majapahit Era Based on Written Sources and Archeological Data. The most profound spiritual life in Majapahit was evidenced by the omnipresence of religious centers where people worship certain figures, which were considered the saviors of the world when Hindu and Buddha's teachings were fading away. Scholars named the spirituals condition at the end of the Majapahit era "the symptom of millenarism". It was during this era that the indigenous belief or local religion was revived in anticipation of the coming of innovations of Islam. The tribute to this indigenous belief took place in remote and quiet places, which are isolated in the forests and confined within mountain ranges, similar to a certain kind of padepokan (residence of priests and hermits) in shadow puppet stories. In this local cult, Bhima figure is addressed as the main symbol in the ritual of exorcism (ruwat) and redemption (kaleupasan). Therefore, currently ruwaran is one of the most very important elements of this local belief. Bhima figure is attributed as a "spiritual hero" because he passed through several stages before finding spiritual enlightenment an transformed himself from a worldly entity into an enlightened being. He has also experienced an ultimate union with god (Kowuta Gusti, which rs a union of Suksma or self onto Maha Suksma or god). This elements of belief is similar to that of Hindu Dewaruci epic. It is evident, then, that in the spiritual life during the Majapahit era there was a harmony among all religions and local beliefs, which was the nucleus of Javanese mentality since the beginning of time when ancestor worship was practiced.Abstrak. Keagamaan pada masa Majapahit yang paling menonjol adalah semaraknya pusat-pusat keagamaan dengan memuja tokoh tertentu yang dianggap menyelamatkan dunia. Keagamaan yang telah lebih berkembang pada masa Majapahit akhir seiring dengan memudarnya Hindu- Budha. Para sarjana menyebut kondisi keagamaan pada masa Majapahit akhir sebagai milenarisme. Unsur kepercayaan yang secara sadar diangkat kembali ke permukaan oleh para resi untuk mengimbangi hadirnya inovasi Islam. Unsur kepercayaan dengan ciri kehidupan spiritual yang dilangsungkan di lingkungan-lingkungan sunyi dan terpencil semacam padepokan di pewayangan (?). Fokus ajaran dengan menampilkan tokoh Bhima sebagai simbol utama ruwat dan kalepasan, karenanya upacara ruwatan pada masa ini menjadi sangat penting. Tokoh Bhima, di sini dihubungkan dengan "Pahlawan Keagamaan" berkenaan dengan unsur bersatunya kembali Kawula Gusti yaitu Suksma diri dan Maha Suksma. Selaras peristiwa yang dialami Bhima tatkala keluar dari dirinya dan memperoleh wejangan dari Dewaruci dan kembali kepada saudara-saudaranya. Nampak bahwa kondisi keagamaan masa Majapahit akhir telah mempertegas hubungan konvensional dan kepercayaan lingkungan alam yang sesungguhnya menjadi dasar representasi mental yang pernah berlaku sejak awal dengan pokok pemujaan pada nenek moyang.
Periodisasi Candi Simangambat: Tinjauan Terhadap Beberapa Temuan Ragam Hias Candi
Authors: Susetyo Sukawati 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Periodization of Simangambat Temple: A Review on Some Temple Ornaments. Simangambat Temple is the ruin of a temple which is located in the southern part of North Sumatra Province. Some artefacts found during ground surveys and excavations vary from kala-shaped stones, makara, guirlande reliefs, garia, pillars, and 'kertas tempel' motifs. These findings show similarities to the artefacts found in the temples from Old Mataram era; hence it can be concluded that Simangambat Temple might have been built in the same period as the temples of Old Mataram era. Abstrak. Candi Simangambat merupakan suatu candi yang terletak di bagian Selatan Provinsi Sumatera Utara yang kondisinya sudah runtuh. Beberapa artefak yang ditemukan baik dari hasil penggalian maupun yang sudah berada di permukaan tanah yaitu batu-batu berbentuk kala; makara; batu berelief guirlande, gapa, pilar dan motif kertas tempel; menunjukkan kemiripan dengan artefak dari candi-candi zaman Mataram Kuna. Berdasarkan hal itu maka diduga bahwa Candi Simangambat dibangun sezaman dengan candi-candi dari jaman Mataram Kuna.
Konsep Open Air Museum: Alternatif Model Pelestarian Situs Arkeologi di Indonesia
Authors: Winaya Atina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract. Open air museum is a kind of museum that exhibits its collections in an open space. In its development, it not only displays the collections outdoor, but also an attempt to preserve archaeological sites. The concept is already developed in advanced countries. Through this concept, an archaeological site was transformed into "life " again. Landscape and heritage buildings were reconstructed in accordance with the conditions in the past. Beside the tangible remains, the intangible remains were also reconstructed. Recently, people can obtain knowledge and experience about the atmosphere of the past. In Indonesia, the concept is rather new. The concept can be used as one of the solutions in order to optimally preserve archaeological sites. Significant values, both physical and non-physical, are well-developed to benefit the community. Thus, the meaning of the archaeological sites can be understood by today andfuture society, so it would grow the awareness of national identity and increase the patriotism. Abstrak. Open air museum adalah jenis museum yang memamerkan koleksinya di ruang terbuka. Dalam perkembangannya, open air museum tidak hanya memamerkan koleksinya secara outdoor, melainkan merupakan salah satu media dalam upaya pelestarian situs arkeologi. Konsep tersebut sudah banyak dikembangkan di negara-negara maju. Melalui konsep open air museum, suatu situs arkeologi berubah menjadi hidup kembali. Lansekap dan bangunan Cagar Budaya direkonstruksi sesuai dengan kondisinya di masa lalu. Selain tinggalan budaya tangible, tinggalan budaya intangible juga direkonstruksi kembali. Dengan demikian, masyarakat masa kini dapat memperoleh pengetahuan dan pengalaman mengenai suasana situs beserta kehidupannya di masa lampau. Konsep open air museum masih dapat dikatakan asing di Indonesia. Padahal jika dikaji lebih lanjut, konsep tersebut dapat dijadikan salah satu solusi dalam upaya pelestarian dan pemanfaatan situs secara optimal. Potensi-potensi yang terkandung di dalam situs, baik fisik maupun nilai, digali dan dikembangkan semaksimal mungkin, sehingga dapat memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat. Dengan demikian, makna yang terkandung di dalam situs dapat dipahami oleh masyarakat masa kini dan masa yang akan datang sehingga menumbuhkan kesadaran akan identitas dan jati diri bangsa, serta meningkatkan rasa cinta tanah air.
More Unnecessary Imaginary Worlds – Part 4: The ICER Evidence Report for Crizanlizumab, Voxelotor and L-Glutamine for Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Langley Paul 
Published: May 2020

A number of commentaries have been published over the past 4 years by the present author on the manifest flaws in the reference case value assessment framework of the Institute for Economic and Clinical Review. The recent release of the evidence report on sickle cell disease continues ICER’s commitment to what has been described as the creation of imaginary worlds to support value assessment. The purpose of the present commentary is to continue the critiques that have been presented for earlier evidence reports. This is important because of the apparent willingness to take ICER’s recommendations at face value rather than a critical review of the value assessment framework. The case presented here points to a number of weaknesses in the ICER framework: (i) the fabrication of imaginary constructs with a lifetime cost-per-incremental QALY framework; (ii) the consequent failure to meet the standards of normal science; (iii) the illogical reliance of assumptions drawn from the literature to create future scenarios; (iv) the rejection of hypothesis testing in favor of ‘approximate information’ and (v) a belief that in the construction of QALYS that the EQ-5D-3L utility scale has ratio properties. This last point is demonstrably false which means that the ICER value assessment framework collapses. It is impossible mathematically, a failure to meet the axioms of fundamental measurement, for an ordinal utility scale to be combined with time spent in a disease state. The result is that the pricing and access recommendations for Crizanlizumab, Voxelotor and L-glutamine in sickle cell disease (SCD) are complete nonsense and should be rejected.

Article Type: Commentary
Avaliação do serviço de controle da tuberculose em uma unidade saúde da família no estado do Pará
Authors: Cardoso Raquel Ferreira , Pereira Átila Augusto Cordeiro , Ferreira Ilma Pastana , El-Husny Claudia Ozela , Da Costa Josias Botelho , Da Cruz Bianca Silva , Matos Brenda Soele Souza , De Oliveira Lohanna Rafaelle Lima , Marques Sara Edyele Santos , Cordovil Darciane Coelho 
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: Avaliar o serviço de controle da tuberculose em uma Unidade Saúde da Família. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo avaliativo, descritivo e quantitativo, realizado com 11 profissionais em uma Unidade Saúde da Família no estado do Pará. As entrevistas ocorreram nos meses de agosto e setembro de 2019, com aplicação de um instrumento adaptado e validado pela Rede Brasileira de Pesquisa em tuberculose. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva no Google Forms e Excel 2013. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: As variáveis do componente Recursos Humanos, Oferta de capacitação em TB pela atenção Básica (54,5%) e Oferta de capacitação pelo PCT municipal (36,4%), apresentaram desempenho insatisfatório e crítico, respectivamente. Na organização do serviço, apenas o Acesso ao resultado de baciloscopia em 7 dias (63,6%) obteve um desempenho insatisfatório. O componente Processo foi o que mais apresentou variáveis com desempenho crítico. Conclusão: Existem fragilidades no serviço oferecido pela Unidade, sendo necessário o estabelecimento de estratégias e a adoção da avaliação permanente como uma ferramenta na busca de melhorias da qualidade da assistência.
Mechanically-Tunable Quantum Interference in Ferrocene-Based Single-Molecule Junctions
Authors: Camarasa-Gómez María , Hernangómez-Pérez Daniel , Inkpen Michael S. , Lovat Giacomo , Fung E-Dean , Roy Xavier , Venkataraman Latha , Evers Ferdinand 
Published: May 2020

Ferrocenes are ubiquitous organometallic building blocks that comprise a Fe atom sandwiched between two cyclopentadienyl (Cp) rings that rotate freely at room temperature. Of widespread interest in fundamental studies and real-world applications, they have also attractedsome interest as functional elements of molecular-scale devices. Here we investigate the impact ofthe configurational degrees of freedom of a ferrocene derivative on its single-molecule junctionconductance. Measurements indicate that the conductance of the ferrocene derivative, which issuppressed by two orders of magnitude as compared to a fully conjugated analog, can be modulatedby altering the junction configuration. Ab initio transport calculations show that the low conductance is a consequence of destructive quantum interference effects that arise from the hybridization of metal-based d-orbitals and the ligand-based π-system. By rotating the Cp rings, the hybridization, and thus the quantum interference, can be mechanically controlled, resulting in a conductance modulation that is seen experimentally.
Improving the Methodology for Assessing the Level of Financial Security of Agricultural companies
Authors: Anikina I. D. , Kucherovа E. P. , Karevа E. S. 
Published: May 2020

The paper is devoted to the study of approaches to assessing the financial security level of agricultural companies and their improvement. The methodological base of the research is a modern concept of financial security and enterprise sustainability. The methods review for assessing financial security is carried out, also industry characteristics of enterprises are studied. The result of the work is the development of a methodology for assessing the financial security level of organizations. Such methodology’s topicality is represented in the additive model, which includes four integral indicators: profitability, financial sustainability, solvency and business activity. The total of all integral indicators, taking into account the coefficients, is the final rate of an organization’s financial security. The authors distinguish three financial security levels, which are: critical, medium and high. The minimal coefficients, suggested by the legislation and minimal indicators adjusted according to the agricultural enterprises’ specificity have been given to calculate the critical level. The medium level is determined by the calculation of the agricultural producers’ financial security industry average over the last 5 years. The high financial security group includes the enterprises with the indicators exceeding the medium indicators. The theoretical and practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the proposed methodology makes it possible to assess the level of financial security of agricultural enterprises taking into account the industry specifics of their activities, including for further competitive analysis.
PARAMETER DETERMINATION OF HYDRAULIC DYNAMOMETER
Authors: Khan Mohammad Ayub , Singh Suraj , Om  , Gupta Gunjan , Yadav Avanish 
Published: May 2020

The project is basically based upon the determination of parameters of Hydraulic Dynamometer using LabVIEW. LabVIEW is the programming tool that is used for automation purposes mainly in industries. Herein, we will be judging the various parameters like Load Cell, Temperature Sensors etc, by interfacing the digital set-up with our manual set-up. The Load Cell that will be used is the S-shaped Load Cell and the various temperature sensors are used to determine temperatures like water inlet temperature, water outlet temperature, air temperature etc. After measuring these parameters we will be interfacing these devices with the manual dynamometer system. After interfacing, there will be separate meters installed wherein we will be view parameters measured by the system.
The study that was conducted resulted in following results that are mentioned in the graphs and tables below. We have tried to mention more and more tables and graphs related to our study so that it can be possible to figure out the exact motive behind the research conducted.
Peningkatkan Kemampuan Interaksi Sosial Anak Melalui Cerita Mamuro Di Taman Kanak-Kanak Istiqomah Lubuk Gadang
Authors: Septi Septi , Eliza Delfi 
Published: May 2020

<p><em>This study aims to improve the ability of children's social interaction through the story of Mamuro in kindergarten Istiqomah Lubuk Gadang, West Pasaman. This type of research is Classroom Action Research which is conducted by cyclic, namely two cycles of each cycle of three meetings conducted in the kindergarten Istiqomah Lubuk Gadang. Group B children with 15 children consisted of 8 </em><em>male </em><em> </em><em>and 7 </em><em>female</em><em>. The research procedure was carried out as much as II cycles. Data collection techniques used observation and documentationtechniques.</em></p>