bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balloon catheter use for cervical ripening in women with term pre‐labor rupture of membranes: A 5‐year cohort study
Authors: Kruit Heidi , Tolvanen Jenna , Eriksson Jasmin , Place Katariina , Nupponen Irmeli , Rahkonen Leena 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionTo investigate the safety of balloon catheter for cervical ripening in women with term pre‐labor rupture of membranes (PROM) and to compare the incidence of maternal and neonatal infections in women with PROM and women with intact membranes undergoing cervical ripening with a balloon catheter.Material and methodsThis retrospective cohort study of 1923 women with term singleton pregnancy and an unfavorable cervix undergoing cervical ripening with a balloon catheter was conducted in Helsinki University Hospital between January 2014 and December 2018. For each case of PROM, two controls were assigned. The main outcome measures were the rates of maternal and neonatal infections. Statistical analyses were performed by SPSS.ResultsIn all, 641 (33.3%) women following PROM and 1282 (66.6%) women with intact amniotic membranes underwent labor induction. The rates of intrapartum infection (3.7% vs 7.7%; P = .001) and neonatal infection (1.7% vs 3.8%; P = .01) were not increased in women induced by balloon catheter following PROM. Intrapartum infections were associated with nulliparity (odds ratio [OR] 3.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6‐6.5), history of previous cesarean section (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.2‐6.4), extended gestational age ≥41 weeks (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2‐3.0) and an induction to delivery interval of 48 hours or more (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.2‐3.3). The risk of neonatal infection was associated with nulliparity (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.4‐8.0), gestational age ≥41 weeks (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.09‐3.36) and induction to delivery interval of 48 hours or more (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.9‐6.0).ConclusionsUse of balloon catheter in women with term PROM appears safe and was not associated with increased maternal or neonatal infectious morbidity.
Impact of a national genetic carrier‐screening program for reproductive purposes
Authors: Singer Amihood , Sagi‐Dain Lena 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe Israeli population, encompassing 9 million citizens, is comprised of diverse communities. The Ministry of Health genetic screening program for reproductive purposes was introduced in 2013. This program is mainly aimed at severe incurable diseases with high rates of infant and childhood morbidity and/or mortality, with a carrier frequency of at least 1:60 and/or a disease frequency of 1 in 15 000 live births. In this paper, we present the results of the national genetic carrier‐screening program implementation.Material and methodsData acquisition for this study was performed by retrospectively searching Ministry of Health database, which includes the reports of 18 genetic laboratories performing genetic screening tests.ResultsDuring 2015‐2017, a total of 919 820 carrier‐screening genetic tests were executed. The overall number rose by 14.9% over these years. For about two‐thirds of the presented disorders, carrier frequency was within the expected range. A decrease of 57% was noted in the observed number of patients with spinal muscular atrophy born during 2014‐2017, compared with the expected rate. Familial dysautonomia, Canavan and Tay‐Sachs diseases yielded a very low prevalence.ConclusionsOur results highlight the impact of a national genetic carrier‐screening program. Couples at risk of an affected fetus mostly choose to perform preconception or prenatal diagnosis and to act accordingly. Our country has several characteristics enabling us to achieve this success, including considerable rates of endogamy and consanguineous marriages, increased frequency of founder mutations, and high fertility rates. In addition, wide accessibility of the tests and good compliance of the population must be noted. Still, raising the awareness and continuing education of population and caregivers about the importance and efficiency of carrier screening remains an important issue. Finally, expanding the existing tests into a uniform, wide genetic panel seems to be the next goal.
Feasibility, efficacy, and safety of cell‐free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy (KM‐CART) for malignant ascites
Authors: Matsusaki Keisuke , Orihashi Kazumasa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEfficacy for alleviating signs/symptoms of malignant ascites of a renovated CART (cell‐free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy) system, called KM‐CART, was evaluated. A total of 4781 KM‐CART procedures were performed in 2109 patients. All patients were accepted unless hemodynamically unstable or consciousness impaired. The ascites were processed and drip‐infused into the patient. There were no major complications or deaths. The mean drainage volume was 6.2 L (maximum: 27.7 L), patient symptoms (numerical scale system) were significantly alleviated (45.1 ± 19.0 reduced to 21.2 ± 14.2, P < .001), and patient leg circumference significantly decreased (33.3 ± 4.4 cm reduced to 30.5 ± 4.4 cm, P < .001) without exacerbation of renal function. Collected cancer cells could be utilized for immune therapy. KM‐CART is capable of improving the “quality of best supportive care” and can be beneficial in conjunction with medication for alleviating malignant pain.
The predictive value of serum free light chain level early after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for chronic graft‐versus‐host disease, a preliminary study
Authors: Wang Bingjie , Liang Zeyin , Liu Wei , Sun Yuhua , Cen Xi’nan , Dong Yujun , Ren Hanyun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveSerum free light chain (FLC) level is closely associated with the functional state of B lymphocytes, and many studies have shown that delayed reconstitution of B lymphocytes contributed to chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (cGVHD). This study assessed the predictive value of FLC levels in serum collected early after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) for cGVHD.MethodsSixty‐two patients who had undergone allo‐HSCT were retrospectively reviewed. The correlations between the FLC levels and the development of cGVHD were explored.ResultsOf the 62 patients, 33 cases developed cGVHD, with the prevalence of 53.2%. With Seattle classification, 19 cases had limited cGVHD while 14 cases contracted extensive cGVHD. While with NIH classification, 17 cases had mild cGVHD, 6 cases moderate cGVHD, and 10 cases severe cGVHD. Multivariant statistical analysis showed that the FLC levels were not associated with all severities of cGVHD but were correlated with the development of extensive or moderate to severe cGVHD (P = .01 and .038, respectively).ConclusionsSerum FLC levels early after HSCT may reflect the functional state of B‐cell reconstitution. Patients with low serum FLC Level early post‐allo‐HSCT tend to develop extensive cGVHD or moderate to severe cGVHD.
Triple collision tumor comprising Merkel cell carcinoma with an unusual immunophenotype, squamous cell carcinoma in situ, and basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Hobbs Misty M. , Geers Tyler E. , Brown Timothy S. , Malone Janine C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive primary cutaneous neuroendocrine cancer which almost always exhibits the cytokeratin (CK)20+/thyroid transcription factor (TTF)‐1‐ immunophenotype. MCC may occur concurrently with squamous cell carcinoma, Bowen disease, and/or basal cell carcinoma (BCC), with some evidence that MCCs which occur in conjunction with other neoplasms exhibit different immunophenotypes compared to pure MCC cases. We present a case of CK20‐/TTF‐1+ MCC concurrent with Bowen disease and BCC, and discuss possible differences in the pathogenesis of pure vs combined MCC. We also review the literature for this unusual immunophenotype, noting that most cases occur in combined MCC.
Etizolam: A rapid review on pharmacology, non‐medical use and harms
Authors: Nielsen Suzanne , McAuley Andrew 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIssuesEtizolam is a thienodiazepine derivative, with high affinity for the benzodiazepine site of GABAA receptors. It is often referred to as a new (or novel) psychoactive substance, a ‘designer’ benzodiazepine or a ‘street benzodiazepine’. Increasing reports of non‐medical use, identification of etizolam as an ingredient in counterfeit medications and the common identification of etizolam in drug‐related deaths, highlight the need for a greater understanding of etizolam.ApproachA rapid narrative review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar to synthesise what is known about etizolam to answer two research questions: (i) Does the pharmacological or toxicological profile of etizolam differ from other benzodiazepines?; and (ii) What is the nature and context of non‐medical use and harms related to etizolam?Key FindingsEtizolam has a higher potency as an anxiolytic but lower lethality compared with diazepam. Few harms are documented with the therapeutic use of pharmaceutical products. Harms appear to be predominantly related to the use of etizolam in illicitly manufactured pills and occur almost exclusively in the context of mixed‐drug toxicity.ConclusionIn therapeutic doses, there is little to suggest that etizolam is more harmful than other benzodiazepines. Most harms with etizolam appear to be related to the wide availability of illicitly manufactured pills, which are taken in unknown doses and combined with other substances. Current harm reduction advice, including avoiding combining opioids and benzodiazepines, remains relevant and increasingly important within an emerging culture of non‐medical use.
Optimal Purchasing Policy for Fresh Products from Multiple Supply Sources with Considerations of Random Delivery Times, Risk, and Information
Authors: Xu Xiaolin , Cai Xiaoqiang , Zhang Lianmin 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTWe consider a problem in which a distributor purchases fresh products from multiple supply sources for subsequent sale at a wholesale market. Due to uncontrollable factors such as traffic congestion or bad weather conditions, the time taken for the product to be delivered from each production origin is uncertain. As the wholesale market is open for trading only in a fixed‐time window, any fresh products arriving earlier face the risk of decay, and any arriving later cannot be sold. The market demand for the product is random and follows a general distribution. We formulate the basic problem as a multi‐source selection model with random yield, taking into account the trade‐off between purchasing cost and other costs such as deterioration loss arising from delivery uncertainty. We derive the optimal order quantities from different origins and propose algorithms to search for them. We also investigate the effects of delivery uncertainty on service level and transport mode selection. Finally, we examine two extensions. One considers a capacity limit in each production origin, and the other incorporates information updating. For the first extension, we propose algorithms to compute the optimal solution based on its structural properties. For the second problem, we derive the optimal purchasing policy according to updated information such as details of the arrivals of previous orders.
Detection and intervention in emerging youth mental health issues: Outcomes from the first year of the CASPAR service
Authors: Yang Rachel , Curtis Jackie , Jensen Candice , Levy Philippa , Chown Karen , Lappin Julia M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveThere is a recognized gap in mental health service provision for youth, a population in whom emerging mental disorders are prevalent and recognized as a target for early intervention. Comprehensive Assessment Service for Psychosis and At‐Risk (CASPAR) is a new, community‐based service aiming to address the service gap between headspace and tertiary psychiatric services. CASPAR facilitates assessment and short‐term early intervention in youth (aged 12‐25 years) with emerging mental health issues. Demographic and clinical characteristics are described in all individuals receiving care from CASPAR in its first year of operation. Changes in psychological distress and psychosocial functioning over the course of a treatment episode are reported.MethodsDemographic and clinical data, including measures of functional impairment (Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale [SOFAS]) and psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale [K10]), were obtained at baseline and completion of episode of care for all clients.Results92 young people (53.3% male, mean age 18.7 years) were included, of whom 20 (21.7%) disengaged before treatment endpoint. Clients who disengaged early were more likely to identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender+ (LGBT+). At follow‐up, 61.1% showed improvements in social functioning (SOFAS) and 64.4% in psychological distress (K10).ConclusionsThe majority of clients showed improvements in psychological distress and functioning during an episode of care. LGBT+ youth were less likely to remain engaged with the service. The factors associated with initial and continued engagement with youth early intervention services require further examination, particularly in marginalized groups with high mental illness prevalence such as LGBT+ communities.
Acute myeloid leukemia with inv(3)(q21.3q26.2)/t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2): Study of 61 patients treated with intensive protocols
Authors: Sitges Marta , Boluda Blanca , Garrido Ana , Morgades Mireia , Granada Isabel , Barragan Eva , Arnan Montserrat , Serrano Josefina , Tormo Mar , Miguel Bergua Juan , Colorado Mercedes , Salamero Olga , Esteve Jordi , Benavente Celina , Pérez‐Encinas Manuel , Coll Rosa , Martí‐Tutusaus Josep‐Maria , Brunet Salut , Sierra Jorge , Ángel Sanz Miguel , Montesinos Pau , Ribera Josep‐Maria , Vives Susana ,   PETHEMA, CETLAM cooperative groups
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionInv(3)(q21.3q26.2)/t(3;3)(q21.3;q26.2) is a rare poor prognosis cytogenetic abnormality present in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other myeloid neoplasms.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of a cohort of 61 patients with newly diagnosed AML with inv(3)/t(3;3) treated with homogeneous intensive chemotherapy protocols conducted by the Spanish PETHEMA and CETLAM cooperative groups between 1999 and 2017.MethodsIn this retrospective study the main clinical and biologic parameters were collected. The complete response (CR) rate, the cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) and the overall survival (OS) were calculated. An analysis of prognostic factors for survival was performed.ResultsSixty‐one patients received induction and only 18 (29%) achieved CR (median age, 46 years). Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) was performed in 36 patients (59%), 15 with active disease. One‐ and 4‐year CIR were 52% and 56%. One‐ and 4‐year OS probabilities were 41% and 13%. By multivariate analysis monosomal karyotype (MK) was associated with poorer OS (HR 2.0, P = .017).ConclusionInv(3)/t(3;3) AML is a poor prognosis entity with low response to standard chemotherapy and to alloHSCT because of frequent and early relapse. MK was associated with a poorer prognosis. Improved therapeutic strategies are clearly needed.
Nitrogen, water content, phosphorus and active iron jointly regulate soil organic carbon in tropical acid red soil forest
Authors: Bai Jinyue , Zong Mingming , Li Shiyu , Li Haixia , Duan Changqun , Feng Yuan , Peng Changhui , Zhang Xiaoling , Sun Di , Lin Chen , Shi Yucheng , Zheng Guangyu , Wang Haidong , Liu Daxiang , Li Fengrui , Huang Wuping 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIncreasing forest soil organic carbon (SOC) storage is important for reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from terrestrial ecosystems and mitigating global climate change. Although the effects of altitude, temperature and rainfall on organic carbon have been studied extensively, it is difficult to increase SOC storage by changing these factors in actual forest management. This study determined the SOC, soil physical and chemical properties, nutrient elements, heavy metal elements, soil minerals and microbial biomass in the 0–140‐cm soil layer of the monsoon broad‐leaved forest in the acid red soil region of southwestern China by stratification. We tried to identify the soil factors affecting the SOC storage of the forest in the acid red soil region and determine the weights of the factors affecting the SOC, with the aim of improving the SOC retention capacity in forest management by changing the main soil factors affecting SOC storage. The results showed that the soil factors affecting the forest SOC storage in this area are total nitrogen (N, 22.7%) > soil water content (19.9%) > active iron (including poorly crystalline iron, Feo, 15.5%) > pH (9.5%) > phosphorus (P, 9.4%) > aluminium (Al, 8.9%) > silicon (Si, 7.1%) > sulphur (S, 6.8%). Of these factors, N, the water content, Feo, and P are practical factors for forest management, whereas the pH, Al, Si and S are not. SOC was significantly positively correlated with the soil N concentration, water content, active iron content and P concentration (p < .05). In acidic red soil areas, with active iron as the highlight, N, soil water content, phosphorus and active iron jointly regulate the forest SOC storage capacity. Consequently, in actual forest management, any measures to promote soil N and water content and to activate inactive iron can enhance the storage of SOC, as appropriate input of N and P fertiliser and irrigation in dry years and the dry season.Highlights
The soil environmental factors affecting SOC storage in forest soil are quantified
Activation of inactive iron helps SOC storage in forest soil
Irrigation and N and P input are effective for helping SOC storage in forest soil
N, WC, P and Feo jointly regulate SOC in tropical acid red soil forest
Adenosine kinase and adenosine receptors A1R and A2AR in temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis and association with risk factors for SUDEP
Authors: Patodia Smriti , Paradiso Beatrice , Garcia Maria , Ellis Matthew , Diehl Beate , Thom Maria , Devinsky Orrin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe “adenosine hypothesis of SUDEP” (sudden unexpected death in epilepsy) predicts that a seizure‐induced adenosine surge combined with impaired metabolic clearance can foster lethal apnea or cardiac arrest. Changes in adenosine receptor density and adenosine kinase (ADK) occur in surgical epilepsy patients. Our aim was to correlate the distribution of ADK and adenosine A2A and A1 receptors (A2AR and A1R) in surgical tissue from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis (TLE/HS) with SUDEP risk factors.MethodsIn 75 cases, patients were stratified into high‐risk (n = 16), medium‐risk (n = 11) and low‐risk (n = 48) categories according to the frequency of generalized seizures before surgery. Using whole‐slide scanning Definiens image analysis we quantified the labeling index (LI) for ADK, A2AR, and A1R in seven regions of interest: temporal cortex, temporal lobe white matter, CA1, CA4, dentate gyrus, subiculum, and amygdala and relative to glial and neuronal densities with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN).ResultsA1R showed predominant neuronal, A2AR astroglial, and ADK nuclear labeling in all regions but with significant variation. Compared with the low‐risk group, the high‐risk group had significantly lower A2AR LI in the temporal cortex. In HS cases with severe neuronal cell loss and gliosis predominantly in the CA1 and CA4 regions, significantly higher A1R was present in the amygdala in high‐risk than in low‐risk cases. There was no significant difference in neuronal loss or gliosis between the risk groups or differences for ADK labeling.SignificanceReduced cortical A2AR suggests glial dysfunction and impaired adenosine modulation in response to seizures in patients at higher risk for SUDEP. Increased neuronal A1R in the high‐risk group could contribute to periictal amygdala dysfunction in SUDEP.
Ensemble feature selection in medical datasets: Combining filter, wrapper, and embedded feature selection results
Authors: Chen Chih‐Wen , Tsai Yi‐Hong , Chang Fang‐Rong , Lin Wei‐Chao 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFeature selection is a process aimed at filtering out unrepresentative features from a given dataset, usually allowing the later data mining and analysis steps to produce better results. However, different feature selection algorithms use different criteria to select representative features, making it difficult to find the best algorithm for different domain datasets. The limitations of single feature selection methods can be overcome by the application of ensemble methods, combining multiple feature selection results. In the literature, feature selection algorithms are classified as filter, wrapper, or embedded techniques. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no study focusing on combining these three types of techniques to produce ensemble feature selection. Therefore, the aim here is to answer the question as to which combination of different types of feature selection algorithms offers the best performance for different types of medical data including categorical, numerical, and mixed data types. The experimental results show that a combination of filter (i.e., principal component analysis) and wrapper (i.e., genetic algorithms) techniques by the union method is a better choice, providing relatively high classification accuracy and a reasonably good feature reduction rate.
Cell‐intrinsic metabolic regulation of mononuclear phagocyte activation: Findings from the tip of the iceberg
Authors: van Teijlingen Bakker Nikki , Pearce Edward J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe have only recently started to appreciate the extent to which immune cell activation involves significant changes in cellular metabolism. We are now beginning to understand how commitment to specific metabolic pathways influences aspects of cellular biology that are the more usual focus of immunological studies, such as activation‐induced changes in gene transcription, post‐transcriptional regulation of transcription, post‐translational modifications of proteins, cytokine secretion, etc. Here, we focus on metabolic reprogramming in mononuclear phagocytes downstream of stimulation with inflammatory signals (such as LPS and IFNγ) vs alternative activation signals (IL‐4), with an emphasis on work on dendritic cells and macrophages from our laboratory, and related studies from others. We cover aspects of glycolysis and its branching pathways (glycogen synthesis, pentose phosphate, serine synthesis, hexose synthesis, and glycerol 3 phosphate shuttle), the tricarboxylic acid pathway, fatty acid synthesis and oxidation, and mitochondrial biology. Although our understanding of the metabolism of mononuclear phagocytes has progressed significantly over the last 10 years, major challenges remain, including understanding the effects of tissue residence on metabolic programming related to cellular activation, and the translatability of findings from mouse to human biology.