bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A future for all to INHERIT: taking integrated action on the environment, health and equity
Authors: Stegeman I , Strube R , Bell R , Zvěřinová I , Staatsen B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

The need to act on climate change, and to modify how we live, move and consume is urgent; failure to do so will have catastrophic effects on health and wellbeing over the medium and long term. INHERIT, a large multi-sectoral research initiative (2016-2019) has explored what can be done to seize this as an opportunity to encourage and enable people to modify their behaviours towards ones that simultaneously protect the environment and promote health and health equity (the ‘INHERIT triple-win’).
One strand of INHERIT’s work has involved the identification, implementation and evaluation (qualitative, quantitative and cost-benefit) of 15 promising ‘triple-win’ interventions across the EU. INHERIT has also developed four positive scenarios of more sustainable futures, questioned 183 people about these, and surveyed 10,288 people from five countries across the EU about their current behaviours and incentives for change.
The results of these investigations paint a complex picture of what can be done to encourage and enable more people across the socio-economic gradient to adapt their behaviours. They reflect that improving health is a powerful motivator for action to protect the environment, yet there is often confusion about what is considered ‘sustainable’, whether this is always ‘healthy’ and vice-versa, let alone equitable. There is resistance in some countries to modifying some behaviours, like meat consumption. Many people fear that technological solutions will drive up isolation and inequities, and desire stronger community ownership over processes like food and energy production.
INHERIT outcomes reflect that it is possible to conjure common visions of the kinds of societies we want to transition to, and a willingness and potential to work across sectors to achieve these. This requires stronger individual and collective leadership, also from public health actors, who can play a key role in bringing together different actors and sectors to achieve these visions.

Key messages
The urgent need to address the environmental crisis presents an opportunity to simultaneously manage closely related societal challenges linked to health and equity. Public health actors can play a key role by bringing together the sectors, evidence and examples to instigate change, around the common interest of promoting human, which depends on planetary, health.
Portuguese cultural adaptation and validation of the European Health Literacy Survey (HLS-EU) for children aged 9 to 10 (HLS-EU-PTc)
Authors: Saboga-Nunes L , Dias H , Andrade C , Okan O , Bollweg T , Carvalho G , Bittlingmayer U 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
To measure Health literacy (HL) as proposed in the context of the European Health Literacy Survey/questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q), the Health Literacy for Children and Adolescents (HLCA) Consortium (GE) adapted it for children. A trans-cultural adaptation and validation to Portuguese (HLS-EU-PTc), will supply policy makers, experts and health professionals with information that can promote healthier communities while fighting health disparities.

Methods
After permission was granted from the HLCA Consortium the TRAPD model was used (eg parallel translation, focus groups, two back translations). An assessment and pretesting of HLS-EU-PTc was done with 16 children for cognitive testing. A qualitative explanatory (n = 16) and quantitative, cross-sectional study (n = 82), age mean 13, SD 0.96, from Portugal (mainland) was implemented for proceed with the validation process. A variety of measures were obtained like internal consistency and mean scores.

Results
Preliminary results for evaluation of the psychometric properties of the HLS-EU-PTc show satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha coefficient 0.87). In a scale from 1 (very difficult) to 4 (very easy) for indicators of the HLS-EU-PTc, we have a mean of 3.25 and a SD of .478.

Conclusions
This is the first study to examine the feasibility of a Portuguese version (HLS-EU-PTc) of the HLS-EU-Q adapted for children and it indicates high internal consistency and level of self-reported HL. The usefulness of the HLS-EU-PTc instrument can be further discussed while planning public health policy strategies from the HL standpoint. The validated HLS-EU-PTc version of the HLS-EU-Qc survey, with the user’s manual can be accessed at www.literacia-saude.info.
How to frame our behaviour in order to limit climate change?
Authors: Van Den Hazel P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The climate is changing and speedy changes in society are needed to keep the damage within survival ranges. The aim is to keep the average raise of global temperature below 2 degrees Celsius. Changes in behavior of the overall population are needed to realize this aim. How can we get people to change? The research field of environmental psychology looks at framing issues to promote changes of behavior. More information helps to make people make decisions. Motivation is more important. Motivation is driven by our values and self-image. Four values are important for environmental behavior: hedonic, egoistic, altruistic and environmental values. Besides that culture, personal and timing issues play a role. The workshop explores the values in persons according to different examples. Can we influence the values to which we adhere? Socio-economic traits in people only explore a few percent in differences.
Discussion: different strategies can be used with people with different dominant values.
Public health is a major domain to support the local authorities to endorse the behavioral changes in the general population in order to limit the temperature increase.
Injuries of adult asylum seekers in Finland: results of the 2018 TERTTU-health and well-being survey
Authors: Doupi P , Skogberg N , Castaneda A , Garoff F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Injuries in refugees and asylum seekers result of accidents, violence or most extremely torture. Research in Finland has shown that many refugees experienced major traumatic events in their former home country, incl. permanent injuries. Our study provides new evidence on asylum seekers, a scarcely studied group.

Methods
Data was collected by structured face-to-face interviews. Healthcare staff asked adult participants if they had a bodily injury or scar. If yes, they pointed the location on a pictogram. Interviewers inquired if the injury was accidental or result of violence and if it happened before or during the fleeing trip. Injuries were classified as head (incl. brain) injuries, injuries of torso/extremities or other body areas.

Results
About half (47, 2 %) of 779 adults reported injuries, men more often than women (55,1 % vs. 35,3 %). Frequency was highest in 18-29-year olds. Close to all respondents (94 %) sustained injuries prior to their journey. Over one in five attributed injuries to accident (men 27 %, women 16 %). 16,6 % reported the torso/extremities as injury location, while 9,4 % had head injuries. Violence was cause of injury in over one fourth of cases (28 %). Every third male and every fifth female were violence victims, with no significant age difference. In both genders odds of violence exposure was highest in asylum seekers from sub-Saharan Africa - over 50 % attributed injury to violence. Violence victims had injuries of torso/extremities in 20,5%, and of the head in 15,3%. Head injuries were more frequent in &gt; 40 year-old violence victims of both genders.

Conclusions
Injuries are common among adult asylum seekers in Finland. Prevalence of violence induced injury, especially in sub-Saharan Africans, is alarming. Training in violence victims’ management is required for professionals receiving asylum seekers. Information on injury severity and functional ability is needed for full impact assessment and service planning (incl. rehabilitation).

Key messages
Injuries are common among adult asylum seekers and often a result of violence, thus requiring of receiving services’ professionals skills and knowledge in violence victims’ management. Health examination protocols of asylum seekers should include injury severity assessment and impact on functional ability.
Monitoring Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder during the neonatal period in France
Authors: Laporal S , Demiguel V , Cogordan C , Barry Y , Guseva-Canu I , Goulet V , Germanaud D , Regnault N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Alcohol is a known teratogenic and foetotoxic agent. At birth, only the complete foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and at most a suspicion for some incomplete syndromic forms can be diagnosed. Yet, other Consequences of prenatal Alcohol Exposure (CAE) can also be observed and recorded in the neonatal period. Our goal was to describe the frequency of diagnosis codes for FAS and CAE at the national and regional level.

Methods
Between 2006 and 2013, we identified the ICM-10 codes Q860 (FAS) and P043 (CAE) in the hospital records for stays occurring in the 28 first days of life in the French national health insurance database (SNDS). Our “potential Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders group” (pFASD), included the FAS and CAE subgroups. The pFASD prevalence was estimated per 1000 live births at the national and regional levels overall and then comparing: 2006-2009 and 2010-2013.

Results
From 2006 to 2013, 3207 neonates were diagnosed with pFASD during the neonatal period, i.e. 0.48 cases per 1,000 live births, including 0.07‰ of FAS. Between 2006-2009 and 2010-2013, pFASD remained stable (p = 0.6). At the regional level, the proportion of pFASD was the most frequent in one of the overseas territories (La Reunion Island, 1.22‰ births) and in the north-eastern part of mainland France (0.90 ‰ births to 1.02 ‰).

Conclusions
This study is the first to produce a national estimate of the frequency of neonatal diagnosis of FAS. It shows a stability of the frequency of pFASD cases recorded over the 2006-2013 period which is certainly underestimated but gives a first minimal estimate of the burden of alcohol use during pregnancy in France.

Key messages
Alcohol use during pregnancy remains a public health issue in France. Estimating the prevalence of FAS is of undeniable priority given the public health implications of these disorders that hinder the development of children exposed, and their avoidable nature.
Motivation for change, cornerstone of diabetes self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Stanojevic V , Jevtic M , Mitrovic M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Personal motivation for change plays a fundamental role in creation of sustainable changes regarding diabetes self-management. The aim of this study is to assess the motivation as well as the relation between the level of patient`s motivation in relation to disease characteristics, metabolic control, behavioral determinants and the barriers patients encounter in diabetes self-management.

Methods
The data for this cross-sectional study were obtained by combining anthropometric measurements (body mass index-BMI), biochemical parameters (glycosylated hemoglobin-HbA1c) and by interviewing respondents using certain sub-scale of a structured Personal Diabetes Questionnaire (PDQ).

Results
The sample consisted of 117 respondents with T2DM. The majority (61.06%) was not motivated to make self-management changes. Non-motivated respondents were older than 65 years of age (X^2=8,046; p = 0.005) and had: a lower level of education (X^2=35.320; p = 0.000), diabetes for more than 10 years, poor glyco-regulation (90,14%) and were overweight / obese (81,7%). Motivated respondent were more physically active (X^2=6.439; p = 0.000), more adherent to anti-hyperglucemic therapy (OHAs) (X^2=9.673; p = 0,002), and more adherent to dietary regime. Average barrier scores: in the following healthy diet [t=-7.960; p = 0.000], in therapeutic adherence [t=-4.318; p = 0.000] and physical activity [t=-6.439; p = 0.000] were also statistically significantly different with the high impact in relation to respondents’ motivation.

Conclusions
Assessment of the motivation for changes in diabetes self-management should become an integral part of monitoring patients with T2DM in Primary Health Care (PHC). In this way, individual advisory strategies could be developed, because motivated and not motivated persons have different needs for counseling.

Key messages
Motivated and not motivated persons with T2DM have different needs for counseling. Assessment of the motivation for changes in diabetes self-management should become an integral part of monitoring patients with T2DM.
Knowledge and attitudes about Human Papillomavirus and its prevention in Italian students, 2018
Authors: Romanese F , Brunelli L , Bravo G , Righini M , Lesa L , De Odorico A , Miceli S , Pascut S , Bastiani E , Brusaferro S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections show an estimated prevalence of 290 millions of cases worldwide, being the most common viral infection related to the reproductive tract and the main cause of cervical cancer. Being HPV vaccination currently recommended for both genders, we assessed knowledge and attitudes regarding HPV prevention among high school students in Udine, Northern Italy.

Methods
Between April and May 2018, a sexual and reproductive health anonymous questionnaire was proposed to first-year students in five academic, technical and vocational upper secondary schools of Udine. In particular, students were asked about HPV related diseases, whether they were vaccinated against HPV and how that decision was taken. Data were analyzed by school type and gender using Chi Square Test with α = 0.05.

Results
A total of 747 questionnaires were collected from 990 students; both genders had a mean age of 14.8±0.9 years, 59% of respondents were males. Technical high school students were 42% of the sample, while 30% came from vocational and 28% from academic high schools. Genital warts and cervical cancer were identified as HPV-related by 8% and 20% of students respectively, the latter more frequently in technical institutes (p = 0.0016) and in females (43% vs 13%, p &lt; 0.001). Almost 54% of students did not know if they were immunized against HPV; academic school students and females declared more frequently to have received at least one vaccine dose compared to others (p &lt; 0.001). Almost two thirds of respondents reported to have undergone vaccination due to a parental decision; parents discussed this choice more frequently with academic students (p = 0.0016) and females (22% vs 14%, p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Girls and technical school students are more informed about HPV, while adherence to immunization schedules is higher in females and those attending academic school. Parents appear to create a supportive environment for females.

Key messages
The different level of knowledge by gender can be explained by past vaccination campaigns, mainly focused on girls, and by parental proactivity towards females. There is room for improvement in HPV-related knowledge and prevention among both adolescents in general and males in particular as they can play an important role to reduce the burden of HPV.
Community-based testing of migrants for infectious diseases in the UK (COMBAT-ID)
Authors: Pareek M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Migration is a major global driver of population change. Certain migrants may be at increased risk of infectious diseases, including tuberculosis (TB), HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C, and have poorer outcomes. Early diagnosis and management of these infections can reduce morbidity, mortality and onward transmission and is supported by national guidelines. To date, screening initiatives have been sporadic and focused on individual diseases; systematic routine testing of migrant groups for multiple infections is rarely undertaken and its impact is unknown. We describe the protocol for the evaluation of acceptability, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an integrated approach to screening migrants for a range of infectious diseases in primary care.

Methods and analysis
We will conduct a mixed methods study which includes an observational cohort with interrupted time-series analysis before and after the introduction of routine screening of migrants for infectious diseases (latent TB, HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C) when first registering with primary care within Leicester, UK. We will assess trends in the monthly number and rate of testing and diagnosis for latent TB, HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C to determine the effect of the policy change using segmented regression analyses at monthly time points.
Concurrently, we will undertake an integrated qualitative sub-study to understand the views of migrants and healthcare professionals to the new testing policy in primary care. Finally, we will evaluate the cost effectiveness of combined infection testing for migrants in primary care.

Ethics and dissemination
The study has received HRA and NHS approvals for both the interrupted time-series analysis (16/SC/0127) and the qualitative sub-study (16/ EM/0159). For the interrupted time-series analysis we will only use fully anonymised data. For the qualitative sub-study, we will gain written, informed, consent.
Integrating HBV, HCV and HIV screening in tuberculosis entry screening for migrants in the Netherlands
Authors: Bil J , Schrooders P A G , Prins M , Kouw P M , Klomp J H E , Scholing M , Huijbregts L , Sonder G J B , Waegemaekers T , Tostmann A ,   Health, Netherlands, EuroHealthNetChair persons: Yvette Shajanian Zarneh - Germany, Anne-Catherine Viso - France
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We evaluated uptake and diagnostic outcomes of voluntary hepatitis B (HBV) and C virus (HCV)
screening offered during routine tuberculosis entry screening to migrants in Gelderland and Amsterdam, the Netherlands, between 2013 and 2015. In Amsterdam, HIV screening was also offered. Overall, 54% (461/859) accepted screening. Prevalence of chronic HBV infection (HBsAg-positive) and HCV exposure (anti-HCVpositive) in Gelderland was 4.48% (9/201; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.37-8.29) and 0.99% (2/203; 95% CI: 0.27-3.52), respectively, all infections were
newly diagnosed. Prevalence of chronic HBV infection, HCV exposure and chronic HCV infection (HCV RNA-positive) in Amsterdam was 0.39% (1/256; 95% CI: 0.07-2.18), 1.17% (3/256; 95% CI: 0.40-3.39) and 0.39% (1/256; 95% CI: 0.07-2.18), respectively, with all chronic HBV/HCV infections previously diagnosed. No HIV infections were found. In univariate analyses, newly diagnosed chronic HBV infection was more likely in participants migrating for reasons other than work or study (4.35% vs 0.83%; odds ratio (OR) = 5.45; 95% CI: 1.12-26.60) and was less likely in participants in Amsterdam than Gelderland (0.00% vs 4.48%; OR = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.00-0.69). Regional differences in HBV prevalence might be explained by differences in the populations entering compulsory tuberculosis
screening. Prescreening selection of migrants based on risk factors merits further exploration.
Example B: Using online respondent-driven sampling among Moroccan immigrants in the Netherlands
Authors: Hamdiui N , van Steenbergen J E , Thorson A , Rocha L E C , Urbanus A , Meiberg A , Timen A , van den Muijsenbergh M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Dutch Health Council recommended chronic hepatitis B (HBV) screening for first-generation immigrants originating from intermediate/high HBV endemic countries. The Council proposed two screening strategies; individual case finding by general practitioners and local screening programmes. Our aim was to explore knowledge and information needs regarding chronic HBV and its screening among Moroccan immigrants in the Netherlands, in order to provide Dutch Municipal Health Services insights on how to inform immigrants. We also studied a randomized recruitment method using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) for a better understanding on how to reach and recruit immigrants for an online questionnaire.
First- and second-generation Moroccan immigrants were asked to fill in an online questionnaire and forward this to four Moroccan contacts. Participants were randomized to one of three recruitment strategies; no incentive for filling in the questionnaire nor for successfully recruiting each contact, an incentive for filling in the questionnaire and for successfully recruiting each contact, and a gamified element as non-monetary incentive to stimulate peer-recruitment.
Preliminary analyses show a sample of 59 Moroccans (17-59 years), of which 63% was second-generation and 76% was female. Of these, 46% would like to have information about chronic hepatitis B, while the average knowledge score was 5.02 (0-10). Over 60% of the participants intends to participate in chronic HBV screening, and would also recommend this to their (grand)parents. Using a monetary incentive seemed to be the best recruitment strategy in terms of the number of waves (max: 3). A gamified non-monetary incentive was least effective in stimulating peer-recruitment (max: 0).
Despite the limited level of knowledge and information need, the majority of Moroccan immigrants had a positive screening intention. The next step is to determine whether our methodology could be applied to reach other immigrant groups.
The amended EIA directive creates opportunities for public health
Authors: Cave B , Mekel O , Nowacki J , Silva F , Xiao Y , Claßen T h , Martin-Olmedo P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is conducted by the developer as part of the process of seeking consent to proceed with the project. The developer may be a public authority or a private company. The Directive for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) (2011/92/EU) was amended in 2014 (2014/52/EU). The changes are now transposed into national regulations across European Union Member States. These changes have an influence beyond EU borders, for example, through the policies of the European Investment Bank and the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development. The amendments to the Directive create both opportunities and challenges for public health. The opportunities stem from the changes that have been made to the Directive. Population and human health are now on the list of core topics that must be considered in an EIA. The other core topics to be assessed are each ‘determinants of health’, for example: biodiversity; land, soil, water, air and climate; and material assets, cultural heritage and the landscape. The Directive now requires the interaction between these factors to be considered. The amended Directive includes other issues that are relevant to human health, for example, climate change and vulnerability (exposure and resilience) to major accidents and/or disasters. The developer’s assessment must be prepared by Competent Experts. The changes also pose challenges. These are technical. For example, human health needs to be assessed within the framework of EIA. The changes also pose challenges to the public health workforce. There is a need to ensure there is capacity to participate in EIA. The EIA is typically prepared by the developer and reviewed by the competent authority. There is a role for public health expertise in these complementary activities. This presentation will focus on the opportunities created by the changes to the Directive and the opportunities this creates. It will also touch on the challenges.