bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study of the anticonvulsant and psychotropic activities of pufemid, pyrathidine, and compound N3212 as compared with reference anti-epileptic drugs
Authors: Paronikyan R. G. , Avagyan M. N. , Harutyunyan A. A. , Avakyan G. G. , Litvinova S. A. , Voronina T. A. 
Published: November 2019

Aim: to study the anticonvulsant and psychotropic activities and side effects of pufemid, pyrathidine and compound N3012 developed at the Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences.Materials and methods. Anticonvulsant activities were tested using the following models of experimental seizures: maximum electric shock, corazol, camphor, thiosemicarbazide, picrotoxin, strychnine, amigdala-kindling convulsions. The psychotropic activities of the tested compounds were investigated using the “elevated plus maze”, “electroshock retrograde amnesia”, and the “open field” models. The neurotoxicity of the compounds was assessed by the level of impaired motor coordination in the “rotating rod” test and in the “grid climbing” test.Results. Pufemid, pyrathidine, and compound N3212 demonstrated high anticonvulsant activity that was superior to the reference antiepileptic drugs; in addition, the tested compounds had low toxicity and high indicators of therapeutic and protective effects. Pufemid, pyrathidine and compound N3212 showed psychotropic activities: e. g., compound N3212 had anxiolytic and nootropic effects.Conclusion. The tested compounds – pufemid, pyrathidine and compound N3212 – are highly efficient and low-toxic substances and are, therefore, promising for further preclinical and clinical studies as anti-epileptic drugs with psychotropic activities.
Association of Carcinoembryonic Antigen with Mortality in an Insurance Applicant Population
Authors: Rigatti Steven J , Stout Robert 
Published: November 2019

Objectives.— To quantify the mortality risks associated with elevated levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).
Background.— Carcinoembryonic antigen is cell surface glycoprotein and has been associated with the presence of high grade or metastatic cancers of the colon as well as other malignant and non-malignant disease. Prior publications have demonstrated the utility of CEA levels in the determination of mortality risk in life insurance applicants. The aim of this paper is to further characterize this risk with a larger set of data containing additional person-years of follow-up, more outcomes, and additional variables potentially associated with occult malignancy.
Methods.— By use of the Social Security Death Index, mortality was examined in 321,574 insurance applicants age 50 years and older, who submitted blood samples to Clinical Reference Laboratories for testing including CEA. Results were stratified by age group and by CEA level (&lt;5 ng/mL, 5 to 9.9 ng/mL, 10+ ng/mL), though other thresholds were tested. Mortality comparisons were carried out using Cox models and tabular methods with the 2015 smoker-distinct Valuation Basic Tables as a comparator.
Results.— Relative mortality is increased at CEA levels above 4.0 ng/mL in both smokers and non-smokers. This association is persistent in Cox models when albumin, BMI and cholesterol are included as covariates. The strongest association with mortality risk occurred in the first 3-4 durations. The 3-year cumulative mortality ratio when using the 2015 VBT as baseline was 6.51 when comparing the group with CEA levels of 10+ ng/mL, compared to those with levels below 5.0 ng/mL.
Conclusion.— This study shows that CEA is strongly associated with the risk of early excess mortality in life insurance applicants, and this risk appears not to be mitigated by consideration of other markers thought to be associated with occult malignancy.
Ground‐Motion Amplification in Cook Inlet Region, Alaska, from Intermediate‐Depth Earthquakes, Including the 2018 Mw 7.1 Anchorage Earthquake
Authors: Moschetti Morgan P. , Thompson Eric M. , Rekoske John , Hearne Michael G. , Powers Peter M. , McNamara Daniel E. , Tape Carl 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe measure pseudospectral and peak ground motions from 44 intermediate‐depth Mw≥4.9 earthquakes in the Cook Inlet region of southern Alaska, including those from the 2018 Mw 7.1 earthquake near Anchorage, to identify regional amplification features (0.1–5  s period). Ground‐motion residuals are computed with respect to an empirical ground‐motion model for intraslab subduction earthquakes, and we compute bias, between‐, and within‐event terms through a linear mixed‐effects regression. Between‐event residuals are analyzed to assess the relative source characteristics of the Cook Inlet earthquakes and suggest a difference in the scaling of the source with depth, relative to global observations. The within‐event residuals are analyzed to investigate regional amplification, and various spatial patterns manifest, including correlations of amplification with depth of the Cook Inlet basin and varying amplifications east and west of the center of the basin. Three earthquake clusters are analyzed separately and indicate spatial amplification patterns that depend on source location and exhibit variations in the depth scaling of long‐period basin amplification. The observations inform future seismic hazard modeling efforts in the Cook Inlet region. More broadly, they suggest a greater complexity of basin and regional amplification than is currently used in seismic hazard analyses.
Using Component Ratios to Detect Metadata and Instrument Problems of Seismic Stations: Examples from 18 Yr of GEOSCOPE Data
Authors: Pedersen Helle A. , Leroy Nicolas , Zigone Dimitri , Vallée Martin , Ringler Adam T. , Wilson David C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractReplacement or deterioration of seismic instruments and the evolution of the installation conditions and sites can alter the seismic signal in very subtle ways; therefore, it is notoriously difficult to monitor the signal quality of permanent seismic stations. We present a simple way to characterize and monitor signal quality, using energy ratios between each pair of the three components, as a complement to existing methods. To calculate stable daily energy ratios over a large frequency range (0.01–5 Hz), we use the daily median energy ratio over all 5 min windows within the day. The method is applied to all GEOSCOPE stations, for continuous BH channel data collected since 2001. We show applications to identify past gain problems (stations ROCAM and CRZF), to provide feedback after field interventions at remote sites (Antarctic station DRV), and to shed light on complex instrument problems (stations ECH and KIP). Our results show that component energy ratios have excellent time resolution and that they are visually simple for identification of problems. They can be used both for ongoing continuous monitoring of the signal quality, or as a tool to identify past problems. The Python code to produce the results in this work and the Python code for daily monitoring used by GEOSCOPE are available (see Data and Resources).
The Sedimentary Record of the 2018 Anchorage Earthquake in Eklutna Lake, Alaska: Calibrating the Lacustrine Seismograph
Authors: Van Daele Maarten , Haeussler Peter J. , Witter Robert C. , Praet Nore , De Batist Marc 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The 30 November 2018 Mw 7.1 Anchorage earthquake caused modified Mercalli intensities of V¼ to V½ at Eklutna Lake (south central Alaska). A few hours after the earthquake, a “dirt streak” was observed on the lake surface, followed by a peak in sediment turbidity values (∼80 times normal) at a drinking water facility, which receives water from the lake through a pipe. These observations hint toward turbidity currents triggered by the earthquake in Eklutna Lake. Here, we study 32 short sediment cores retrieved from across Eklutna Lake and observe a millimeter‐to‐centimeter scale turbidite that can be confidently attributed to the 2018 earthquake in all coring locations. X‐ray computed tomography, grain‐size, and color‐spectral analyses of the turbidite show that it shares physical characteristics with the turbidite generated by the 1964 Mw 9.2 Great Alaska earthquake, while it is considerably different from turbidites caused by historical floods. The 2018 turbidite reaches its largest thickness in the inflow‐proximal basin, but when compared to the 1964 turbidite and thereby canceling out local site effects, it is relatively thick in the inflow‐distal sub‐basin. The latter was exposed to stronger shaking during the 2018 earthquake, and this relative thickness trend may therefore be attributed to shaking intensity and gives an indication of the location of the earthquake epicenter relative to the basin axis. Furthermore, in contrast to the 1964 turbidite, which was sourced from both deltas and hemipelagic slopes, the 2018 turbidite was sourced from deltas only, as evidenced by its distribution. These results confirm that while it is generally accepted that shaking intensities of ≥VI are needed to trigger turbidity currents from hemipelagic slopes, intensities as low as V¼ can be sufficient to trigger turbidity currents from deltaic slopes. Our results show that proglacial lakes can sensitively record differences in shaking intensity and that investigating deposits from recent earthquakes is crucial to calibrate the lacustrine seismograph.
Therapy of patients with the high risk of arterial hypertension with the use of telmisartan
Authors: Nikitin A. V. , Vasilieva L. V. , Gosteva E. V. , Starodubtseva I. A. , Latisheva M. N. 
Published: November 2019

Aim. The study assesses the effects of therapy based on the use of telmisartan in patients with arterial hypertension and stable angina on the clinical and functional indicators of the cardiovascularvascular system. Material and methods. 52 patients with a combination of arterial hypertension (AH) I and II stages and coronary artery disease II with the mean age 63.5 ± 5.4 years (79% males and 21% of females) were enrolled in the trial. The duration of AH and CAD were 17.5±3.8 and 12.5±3.1 accordingly. All patients took a daily 80 mg dose of telmisartan. The efficacy of treatment was estimated in 3,6 and 12 months. Results. The use of telmisartan in complex treatment of high-risk patients with AH has led to decreasing blood pressure to the target level, increasing exercise tolerance (walking the distance from 315.5 m to 410.2 m in 6 minutes). 12 months of therapy based on telmisartan showed significant decrease in left hy‑ pertrophy ventricle (LV myocardial mass index on average by 10.4%), a decrease in the total duration of depression ST segment from 9.6±2.9 to 2.7±1.5 mm and a decrease in the depth of depression from 1.5±0.3 mm to 0.3±0.09 mm, with a trend towards decrease in the number of episodes of ST-segment depression, as well as the absence of a significant change in heart rate. After 12 months of en‑ dothelium-dependent vasodilation therapy, the condition of 31 (60%) patients improved, and 18 (35%) patients showed the tendency to improvement. The tests with reactive hyperemia conducted after 12 months of treatment revealed decreased linear velocity of blood flow in the brachial artery on average by 17%. Conclusion. The use of telmisartan in complex therapy improves the quality of life according to the EQ-VAS questionnaire by 25 points after 12 months of therapy, contributes to lowering blood pressure in 96% of patients, reduc‑ ing myocardial hypertrophy, endothelial dysfunction and severity of ischemic manifestations (reducing the need for nitroglycerin intake to an average of 0,5 inhalations, as well as a decrease in the ST segment depression of 40% after 12 months of therapy).
REPERCUSSÃO DA RELAÇÃO PROFESSOR-ALUNO NA FORMAÇÃO DE GRADUANDOS EM ENFERMAGEM
Authors: De Mattos Larissa Merino , Ramos Aline Marcelino , Barlem Edison Luiz Devos , Gama Bárbara Da silva , Minasi Alex Sandra Ávila , Amorim Caroline Bettanzos 
Published: November 2019

<p><strong>Objetivo: analisar a repercussão da relação professor-aluno na formação de graduandos em enfermagem. Método: estudo qualitativo, exploratório-descritivo, realizado com 27 estudantes do curso de graduação em enfermagem de uma universidade pública do Sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu no mês de julho de 2017. Os dados foram analisados segundo a análise textual discursiva. Resultados: da análise dos dados, emergiram três categorias: “Barreiras na relação professor-aluno”, “Facilitadores da relação professor-aluno” e “Ética nas relações professor-aluno”. <br /> Conclusão: a repercussão da relação professor-aluno na formação de graduandos em enfermagem perpassa aspectos que contemplam não apenas o currículo acadêmico, mas também aspectos relacionais que determinam a forma de ser e agir dos futuros profissionais. <br /></strong></p><p><strong>Descritores: Enfermagem. Educação em Enfermagem. Estudantes de Enfermagem. Docentes de Enfermagem. Ética.<br /></strong></p>
ABOUT DYNAMICS OF THE GEOPOLITICAL POSITION OF THE NORTH-EAST OF RUSSIA IN THE 17-TH-21-ST CENTURIES
Authors: V. G. Shvedov , M. T. Romanov 
Published: November 2019

Purpose: In the article, the changes in the geopolitical situation on the North-East for four preceding, partial centuries are considered.
Methodology: Up to the inclusion in the structure of Russia, this extensive region (2.3 million km2) with the considerable natural-resources potential has actually existed out of the world geopolitical processes, basically, because of the extremeness of the natural climatic conditions, remoteness from the centers of world civilization and limited technical and technological capabilities in those times.
Result: The different stages in the state of the geopolitical position of the region in prior centuries are identified and their repeatedly and multidirectional varying characteristics during the period in question are reported. It is also emphasized that the measures attempted by Russia for strengthening of the geopolitical position on the North-East gave rise abroad to the negative response consonant with the current ones practically at all considered stages. The current stage is considered as a period of the drastically varying external geopolitical conditions and increased technical capabilities when the geopolitical significance of the North-East for Russia increases by a factor of many times.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of About Dynamics of the Geopolitical Position of the North-East of Russia in the 17-th-21-st Centuries is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
NATURE OF LEGAL BEHAVIOR: THE CONCEPTS OF DEFINITION AND THEIR EVOLUTION
Authors: N. Oleinykov Sergii , S. Shestopal Sergey , N. Babenko Vasily , P. Rabets Anna , V. Burova Elena 
Published: November 2019

Purpose: The purpose of the study is determining nature of legal behavior: the concepts of definition and their evolution
Methodology: This is intellectual research and we used here historical methods for analyzing.
Result: The genesis of the concept of legal behavior implies a link between research and the praxeological dimension of the legal system in which the legal personality is a central element.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of nature of legal behavior: the concepts of definition and their evolution are presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
Pengelolaan Pola Tanam Berbasis Kedelai dan Jagung di Lahan Kering
Authors: Arifin Zainal , Tafakresnanto Chendy 
Published: November 2019

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Penelitian bertujuan memperoleh teknologi pola tanam berbasis kedelai dan jagung yang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lahan dan pendapatan usahatani di lahan kering. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Arjasa, Kabupaten Situbondo dan di Kecamatan Manding, Kabupaten Sumenep pada musim kemarau (MK 1 dan MK 2 tahun 2018) dengan luasan 1 ha. Di masing-masing lokasi, penelitian dimulai dengan melakukan pengamatan pada pertanaman petani yang ditanam pada awal musim hujan (MH), dilanjutkan dengan menanam jagung dan kedelai sesuai penelitian pola tanam yang dirancang. Di Situbondo, pada awal MH petani menanam padi tanam pindah (tapin) varietas Ciherang, dan di Sumenep petani menanam jagung varietas BISI 18. Setelah tanaman di MH dipanen di masing-masing lokasi, penelitian dilaksanakan mengikuti pola tanam jagung dan kedelai menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, 4 perlakuan diulang 6 kali. Pola tanam yang diteliti terdiri atas : a) jagung (75 cm x 20 cm) / / jagung (75 cm x 20 cm), b) jagung </span><span>double row </span><span>(100 cmx50cmx20cm)//kedelai(40cmx15cm),c) jagung (160 cm x 40 cm) / kedelai (40 cm x 15 cm), dand)kedelai(40cmx15cm)–jagung(75cmx20 cm). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di Situbondo pola tanam padi tapin-jagung//jagung mampu memberikan hasil tertinggi, yakni setara dengan hasil kedelai 12,7 t/ha dengan nilai IIT 0,82. Pada MK 1, sistem tanam jagung </span><span>double row </span><span>memperoleh hasil 7,542 t/ha pipilan dan pangkasan daun jagung 7,894 t/ha dengan pendapatan Rp27.581.100/ha dan R/C 2,97. Di Sumenep hasil terbaik diperoleh pada pola tanam jagung-kedelai-jagung, yakni setara dengan hasil kedelai 9,3 t/ha dengan nilai IIT 0,76. Pada MK I sistem tanam tumpangsari kedelai (2,385 t/ha biji) dan jagung (2,775 t/ha pipilan), ditambah hasil pangkasan daun jagung (2,025 t/ha) menghasilkan pendapatan Rp24.326.200 dengan nilai R/C 2,06. </span></p></div></div></div>
Isoniazid preventive therapy utilization rate and associated factors in adult HIV/AIDS patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital ART clinic, Oromia Region, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.
Authors: Jaleta Gudeta Imana , Rajamanickam Vinodhini , Woldemichael Kifle 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is the most frequent life-threatening infection and a common cause of death for people living with HIV (PLHIV). The influence of TB and HIV infection has enhanced the magnitude of both epidemics. Several clinical interventions recommended early diagnosis in PLHIV and treating latent TB infection (LTBI) with Isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) along with antiretroviral therapy (ART). IPT is one of the key interventions recommended by the world health organization (WHO) for the prevention of TB in patients infected with HIV. Hence, this study aimed to determine IPT utilization rate among adult HIV infected patients enrolled in HIV care and qualitative analysis, which explore the factors that influence IPT use among PLHIV under follow-up, Health care providers (HCPs) and TB/HIV coordinators working in Jimma University Specialized Hospital (JUSH) ART clinic. Methods: An Institution based mixed cross-sectional study was conducted in JUSH ART clinic. Adult HIV infected patients were enrolled by a systematic sampling technique from the registered medical records of JUSH HIV care. PLHIV who were on follow-up and eligible for IPT during the study period, permanent HCPs and TB/HIV coordinators working in ART clinic were included in the qualitative investigation using semi-structured questioners and in-depth interviews. All statistical analysis was compiled by Epi data 3.1 and SPSS 20. Results: Demographic and clinical factors are not significantly associated with IPT use but ethnicity (P≤ 0.02**) was highly significant with IPT use in logistic regression model. Overall, 59.2% of the patients have been prescribed and taken at least one-month course of IPT. The results of in-depth interviews are grouped into three core categories as patient perceptions, HCPs and TB/HIV coordinator perspectives. Discussion and conclusion: PLHIV, HCPs and TB/HIV coordinators suggested their overall response as periodic counseling for target groups, educating the benefits of IPT and increasing public awareness on TB prophylaxis in PLHIV will increase the acceptance and implementation of IPT in large scale. Higher attention should be provided in linking all HIV patients to the nearest health facilities for receiving free service packages and medical care. Key words: IPT, TB /HIV, PLHIV, ART, INH prophylaxis
The use of visual risk communication and its significance for risk understanding and health literacy in out-clinic settings – a literature review
Authors: Jensen Louise Drejer , Nielsen Jesper Bo , Jensen Anders Elkær 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Patients frequently experience difficulties understanding communicated risks. The aim of this study was through a literature review to analyze if the use of visual risk communication tools improve risk understanding among patients in outpatient settings or general practice, and if one tool appears more useful than others. Method The electronic databases PubMed and PsycINFO were systematically searched. Relevant references were used for chain search to make sure all relevant literature was included. Results The main search revealed 1,157 titles. There were 13 eligible studies concerning visual risk communication in outpatient clinical settings. The design, quality and main findings of the studies were heterogeneous. However, most of the analysed studies found a significant positive effect of graphical, interactive and dynamic visual aids on risk communication. Conclusion There is currently not enough evidence to endorse one graphical format above others. Personalising the graph format to the type of risk information presented may facilitate a better understanding of risk and contribute to improve health and cost-efficacy.
Validation Of Cariogram In Caries Prediction At Woman And Their Children 4 Years After Pregnancy – Longitudinal Study
Authors: Dolic Olivera , Obradovic Marija , Kojic Zeljka , Trtic Natasa , Sukara Slava , Knezevic Natasa , Veselinovic Valentina 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: The Cariogram®, an algorithm based software model, for predicting caries risk has been used to assess the caries risk profile of many different groups. Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most common chronic disease in children below 71 months of age. Identifying children at greatest risk of caries to design appropriate preventive activity has been a goal of the dental profession for many years. The aim of the study was to evaluate Cariogram caries risk assessment during pregnancy with DMFT/dmft incidence at mother and their children 4-years later. Methods: The study population consisted of 96 pregnant women (average age 27.4 years at baseline) that completed clinical baseline examination and salivary tests. A caries risk assessment was made using Cariogram model and according to it, participants were divided into five risk groups. The follow-up study was initiated 4 years later and the 80 pairs of mother and children (from that pregnancy) were re-examined using the same procedure as did at baseline. An individual caries risk profile and DMFT/dmft incidence were made for each woman and child. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for two cut-offs were calculated to express the outcome.
Results: There was a strong association between the risk categories of pregnant women and their offspring as well as between caries development in children and the Cariogram risk categories of their mother in pregnancy. Sensitivity and PPV for new DMFT (ΔDMFT > 0) over 4 years for women was high (>80%) for those participants assessed with 0-60% “chance to avoid caries“, as well as diagnostic accuracy (74.00%). High specificity (91.00%), very high PPV (95.00%) and clinically useful values according to Youden’s index (0.53) were obtained for moderate and two lowest risk groups for dmft in children.
Conclusions: With the limits of this study, Cariogram model can be useful tool for caries prediction in both groups of woman and their children based on caries risk assessment during pregnancy. The Cariogram was valid and highly predictive in caries risk assessment in children based on caries risk assessment of their mother in pregnancy.