bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anterior distal femoral hemiepiphysiodesis with and without patellar tendon shortening for fixed knee flexion contractures in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Rethlefsen Susan A. , Hanson Alison M. , Wren Tishya A. L. , Abousamra Oussama , Kay Robert M. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose Surgery is often required for fixed knee flexion contractures in patients with neuromuscular conditions. Anterior distal femoral hemiepiphysiodesis (ADFH) is an alternative to distal femoral extension osteotomy (DFEO) in skeletally immature patients. ADFH is typically not accompanied by patellar tendon shortening surgery (PTS). Our purpose was to compare ADFH alone versus ADFH with PTS for treatment of fixed knee flexion contractures and crouched gait in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods Retrospective review of pre- and postoperative gait analysis data for children with CP who underwent ADFH alone, or ADFH with PTS. Data were analysed using linear mixed models to control for covariates. Results In total, 25 participants (42 limbs) were included, 17 male and eight female, mean age at surgery 12.9 (sd 1.9) years. Both groups experienced significant improvement in popliteal angle, knee extension range of motion (ROM) and knee extension in stance phase. Greater improvement was seen for all variables in the ADFH/PTS group, mainly due to greater popliteal angle and knee flexion during gait preoperatively in that group (p ≤ 0.02) rather than the procedure performed (p ≥ 0.19). There was no difference between groups postoperatively. Rate of contracture resolution was 0.5° to 1.0° per month, faster in larger contractures (p = 0.02). Conclusions ADFH with and without PTS is effective in improving knee extension in skeletally immature patients with CP, correcting contractures at a rate of 0.5° to 1.0° per month. Combined ADFH and PTS surgery may be preferable in patients with larger contractures of up to 30° to 35°. Level of evidence III
Concave aspheric test combining Dall with Offner null compensation using a plane wave
Authors: Wang Xin , Liu Qiang , Zhou Hao , He Zhiping , Shu Rong 
Published: September 2020

A plane wave aspheric surfaces test is simpler and easier to assemble than a spherical wave test. An optical system combining Dall with Offner null compensation using a plane wave is proposed for measuring large-aperture and large-relative-aperture aspheric concave surfaces. One back compensation lens and one front compensation lens are used in the system, which can realize a high-precision null test. Based on the third-order aberration theory, the normalized theoretical parameters are calculated by formula derivation, and then are optimized after analysis. The design characteristic is compared with the classical plane wave Offner null test. A prototype experiment of the proposed method is carried out with a parabolic mirror of 500 mm diameter, at relative aperture 1/1, showing that RMS surface error of

λ

/

40

can be obtained.
Structure-preserving spectral reflectance estimation using guided filtering
Authors: Sippel Frank , Seiler Jürgen , Genser Nils , Kaup André 
Published: September 2020

Light spectra are a very important source of information for diverse classification problems, e.g., for discrimination of materials. To lower the cost of acquiring this information, multispectral cameras are used. Several techniques exist for estimating light spectra out of multispectral images by exploiting properties about the spectrum. Unfortunately, especially when capturing multispectral videos, the images are heavily affected by noise due to the nature of limited exposure times in videos. Therefore, models that explicitly try to lower the influence of noise on the reconstructed spectrum are highly desirable. Hence, a novel reconstruction algorithm is presented. This novel estimation method is based on the guided filtering technique that preserves basic structures, while using spatial information to reduce the influence of noise. The evaluation based on spectra of natural images reveals that this new technique yields better quantitative and subjective results in noisy scenarios than other state-of-the-art spatial reconstruction methods. Specifically, the proposed algorithm lowers the mean squared error and the spectral angle up to 46% and 35% in noisy scenarios, respectively. Furthermore, it is shown that the proposed reconstruction technique works out of the box and does not need any calibration or training by reconstructing spectra from a real-world multispectral camera with nine channels.
PEMIKIRAN TASAWUF FALSAFI AWAL: RABI’AH AL-‘ADAWIYYAH, AL-BUSTAMĪ, DAN AL-HALLAJ
Authors: Sulaeman Mubaidi 
Published: September 2020

Many researchers believe that the philosophical Sufism tradition in Islam only emerged in the sixth century Hijriah. Is that right? If it is explored in more depth, it will soon be found that this is not quite right because long before that, in the Islamic tradition there were already some thoughts of Sufism that tended to lead to philosophical Sufism. Among the philosophical ideas of Sufism that were born in this early period were mahabbah, Ilahiyyah, fana', ittihad, and Hulul. Therefore, in this paper the author tries to describe the initial philosophical Sufism thought contained in the thoughts of three Sufi figures, namely Rabi'ah al-'Adawiyyah, alBustami, and al-Hallaj. By presenting the philosophical Sufism thought that exists in their works, this article shows that the philosophical Sufism tradition in Islam has emerged long before the sixth century Hijriah, as is often believed by many circles.
Motivated Helplessness in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic: Evidence for a Curvilinear Relationship Between Perceived Ability to Avoid the Virus and Anxiety
Authors: Lifshin Uri , Mikulincer Mario , Kretchner Mabelle 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: We tested the hypothesis that feelings of helplessness — i.e., the perception that one is unable to control and prevent negative events — may serve a protective psychological function against fear and anxiety arousal in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: We conducted a large scale study with participants from different countries (N = 3,632) to examine if perceived helplessness to avoid being infected with COVID-19 relates to lower levels of fear of COVID-19, and state anxiety.Results: We found a curvilinear relationship between feeling helpless to avoid being infected with COVID-19 and self-reported anxiety. Individuals who reported either low or high degrees of helplessness reported less anxiety and fear of being infected with COVID-19 compared to those who reported moderate levels of helplessness. Additional analyses within countries with adequate power (N > 160) indicated that this curvilinear effect was found among participants from the USA, UK, Poland, Estonia, and the Netherlands, but not in Argentina and Germany.Discussion: We discuss the implications for research on the psychological function of helplessness and for understanding peoples' responses to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Sulfate Mineral Lakes of Western Transbaikalia: Formation Conditions and Chemical Composition of Waters and Bottom Sediments
Authors: Plyusnin A.M. , Khazheeva Z.I. , Sanzhanova S.S. , Peryazeva E.G. , Angakhaeva N.A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
—The paper presents the formation of the chemical composition of water in the sulfate mineral lakes of western Transbaikalia. It is shown that sodium sulfate water in the regional lakes forms in two zones of continental salinization, the Barguzin and Gusinoe Ozero–Orongoi depressions. The average mineralization of the lakes reaches 30.8 g/L, pH = 7.90–8.84, the fractional content of sulfate ion is 55.2–81.8% eq, and the fractional content of sodium ion is 59.1–82.1% eq. The paper presents the major-ion and trace-element composition of lake waters and the chemical and mineral composition of bottom sediments. It is shown that groundwater enriched in sodium sulfate plays a major role in the lake formation.
Analysis of Water–Gas System Equilibria in Jurassic–Cretaceous Reservoirs (by the Example of the Yamal-Kara Depression)
Authors: Novikov D.А. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
—The paper presents results of the pioneering study of equilibria in the water–gas system by the example of Jurassic–Cretaceous deposits of the Yamal–Kara depression located within northern West Siberia and its Arctic regions. Numerical modeling of physicochemical equilibria and evasion–invasion processes in the water–gas system allowed determination of the degree of groundwater saturation with gases and the nature of diffusive redistribution of gases in the media that form at the hydrocarbon deposit–groundwater contact. According to the degree of water saturation with gases (Kg), aquifers with poorly (&lt;0.2) to ultimately (0.8–1.0) gas-saturated waters have been established. The revealed increase in the degree of groundwater saturation with gases in sinking producing reservoirs reflects its dependence on their total gas saturation. All waters with a total gas saturation of more than 1.8 L/L become ultimately saturated with gases (Kg = 1.0), thus theoretically predetermining the formation of hydrocarbon accumulations. Major gas condensate deposits are confined to the zone of gas-saturated waters with Kg from 0.8 to 1.0, while oil accumulations, to waters with lower gas saturation. Based on the established nature of water–gas, we can argue that oil and gas accumulations in Jurassic–Cretaceous reservoirs act as a conservative element of the lithosphere, i.e., its geologic and geochemical “relics”. The surrounding subsurface waters, as a more active constituent of the system, have largely anticipated its geochemical development, which is manifested in the differentiation of the fugacity ratios of individual gases in groundwater and hydrocarbon accumulations. The composition of the latter is therefore subjected to slow directional changes while the equilibrium is established, to usher in the qualitatively new state of the geochemical water–gas system.
Risk Factors in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: the Interrelation with Familial History and Predictive Role on Survival
Authors: Petrusel Livia , Bilibou Maria , Drug Vasile , Leucuta Daniel Corneliu , Seicean Radu , Cainap Calin , Seicean Andrada 
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims: Pancreatic cancer is associated with poor survival and quality of life. In Romania the prognostic influence of known risk factors for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, such as age, smoking, chronic pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus, and obesity is little known. Their importance in developing cancer in families with a history of adenocarcinoma is less studied. This study aims to assess the risk factors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, in familial pancreatic adenocarcinoma, in neuroendocrine tumors and to evaluate their predictive role on survival.
Methods: We performed a prospective bicentric study of patients with pancreatic tumors detected in transabdominal imaging; we assessed the risk factors and their possible association with survival.
Results: 312 pancreatic cancer patients (279 with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and 24 patients with neuroendocrine tumors, and nine patients with other malignant types) and 312 controls were included. The median body mass index was significantly higher in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Positive family history for pancreatic cancer was found in 4% of patients with pancreatic cancer. The risk for familial pancreatic carcinoma was associated with the presence of new-onset diabetes (OR: 4.64, p=0.018). The multivariate logistic analysis suggested that advanced age (OR: 1.67), smoking (OR: 1.67), low body mass index (OR: 12.07), and diabetes (OR: 3.91) were risk factors for pancreatic cancer. The overall survival analysis after adjustment for age and tumor stage showed only advanced tumoral stage (HR=1.6, p=0.003) and metastasis as independent predicting factors (HR=1.67, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Our study suggests that diabetes, smoking, underweight, and age over 60 years are risk factors for pancreatic cancer. Patients with a family history of pancreatic cancer, especially those with new-onset diabetes, should be followed carefully and considered for screening. Only an advanced tumor stage was associated with poor overall survival for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Epidemiologic Association between Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: a Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lu Shuang , Gong Jian , Tan Yuyong , Liu Deliang 
Published: September 2020

Background and Aims: Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are at high risk of developing several autoimmune diseases. However, the epidemiological connection between IBD and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the association between the two diseases.
Methods: A literature search was performed using Medline, Embase, and Central databases from inception to December 31, 2019. Studies evaluating the prevalence of T1DM in patients with IBD and controls were included. Statistical analysis was performed with a random effects model using the generic inverse variance method.
Results: After the literature research, five cross-sectional studies and one case-control study met the inclusion criteria. A total of 45,103 participants with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 76,046 with ulcerative colitis (UC) were included. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) of T1DM were 1.16 (confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.87–1.55) in patients with CD and 1.20 (95% CI: 0.90–1.59) in patients with UC compared with the control groups. Significant heterogeneity was observed (CD: I 2 =70% and UC: I 2 =80%) in the complete analysis. Subgroup analysis stratified by study region was performed. Recalculated results indicated a positive association between CD and TD1M in Northern Europe with an OR of 1.65 (95% CI: 1.43–1.90; I 2 =0%). Patients with UC in Israel were at a higher risk of developing T1DM with an OR of 1.70 (95% CI: 1.38–2.09; I 2 =0%).
Conclusion: The complete meta-analysis suggests no association between IBD and T1DM. However, the subgroup analysis indicated that patients with CD or UC from specific regions may be at a higher risk of developing T1DM than those without IBD.
Rank-Order of Body Shapes Reveals Internal Hierarchy of Body Image
Authors: Naor-Ziv Revital , King Rose , Glicksohn Joseph 
Published: September 2020

How do individuals rank body shapes? Does this relate to the body part one is most dissatisfied with? Our study investigates whether one can generalize regarding how women represent the body. Three BMI-calibrated images from the Photographic Figure Rating Scale, representative of thin (BMI = 14.72), medium (BMI = 20.33), and large (BMI = 29.26) shapes, were divided into torso, legs and arms, and saved as individual images on a black background. Of 27 possible composite images, 8 were chosen based on a Torso (thin vs. large) × Leg (thin/large vs. medium) × Arm (thin vs. large) design. Our 44 female participants ordered these from thinnest to largest. This was first according to torso, then leg, and finally arm: 41 individuals agreed on the thinnest image (thin torso, thin legs, thin arms), followed by a second image (thin torso, thin legs, large arms, n = 26; or thin torso, medium legs, thin arms, n = 10). One participant differed markedly in her choice of the first image (large torso, medium legs, thin arms). Interestingly, she scored 10 on the EDI-2 scale of Bulimic Tendencies, revealing high risk for bulimia, suggesting that our task might be useful for studying eating disorders. Our juxtaposition of two analytic procedures—partial order scalogram analysis (POSAC) and cluster analysis—enables one to uncover such outliers in a data set. Importantly, the 2D POSAC space clearly reveals the hierarchical structure of the body image.
Ear, nose and throat emergencies: an experience in rural area
Authors: Sumbria Deepshikha , Hamid Waqar Ul , Yousuf Aamir , Ahmad Rauf 
Published: September 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Ear, nose and throat (ENT) emergencies are very common throughout the world. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment in the hands of expert will result in reduction of morbidity, mortality and referrals.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This retrospective study was conducted on 352 patients reporting in out-patient department (OPD) and emergency of District Hospital Ramban from June 2016 to May 2017. Demographic data as well as diagnosis were studied. The type of anaesthesia and type of procedure and outcome of emergency case were recorded. Patients with terminal cancer care admitted were excluded from the study. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 352 patients, 204 males and 148 females were included in present study. The commonest emergency was foreign body (69.03%), trauma (11.9%), epistaxis (9.6%), and abscess (6.8%). Procedures done were foreign body removal, fracture reductions, soft tissue injury repair, incision and drainage, packing and cauterisation.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Foreign body is the most common cause of ENT emergency and it is a preventable accident. Education of parents and public at large will go a long way in reducing these preventable mishaps in children. Timely management of emergencies in the hand of experts reduces the mortality and complication rate.</p>
Prevalence and spectrum of pediatric dermatoses in school children: comparing hospital and school in rural Bangalore
Authors: K. A. Rajeshwari , M. Geetha , B. Kiran 
Published: September 2020

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Pediatric dermatoses are emerging distinct entities. The exact prevalence and pattern of dermatoses is not well known in India. This novel study attempts to simultaneously assess the prevalence and distribution of skin dermatoses in hospital and community among children of age 5-16 years in rural Bangalore, India.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross sectional prospective descriptive study of one week duration in July 2019 was conducted in east point hospital and Government school in rural Bangalore in the vicinity.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The study had a total of 119 children, 72 from the hospital and 47 from the school with prevalence of dermatoses being 33.8% and 70% respectively (p&lt;0.00001). Primary school children were most commonly affected. Non-infectious dermatoses were most common, more so in school with eczematous lesions predominating. Bacterial infectious dermatoses were found more frequently in hospital children, while parasitic infestations were encountered commonly in school. </p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Pediatric dermatosis seems to be widely prevalent in India. Children visiting hospitals constitute only the tip of the iceberg present in the community.</p>
Unusual Skin Metastasis from Gastric Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: Budipramana Vicky Sumarki 
Published: September 2020

Background: Skin metastasis from gastric cancer are relatively rare, but they have important clinical significance because they usually indicate a worse prognosis. Skin metastasis from gastric cancer may spread through lymphatic ducts, blood vessels in the ligamentum teres, contiguous extension, or embryologic remnants of the umbilicus. Purpose: To report an unusual skin metastasis from gastric cancer that clinically resembles as a benign lesion of skin papules. Case: A rare metastasis from gastric cancer origin in a 61-year-old male in the abdominal skin. Gastric cancer metastasis in an unusual site such as the abdominal skin often resembles as dermatitis, especially in the early course of metastatic spreading, which looked like common papules on the skin. Discussion: In the beginning, the skin papules were not suspected to be a metastatic process because there was no palpable or no tenderness in the subcutan or fascia underneath. The appearance resembled common dermatitis. However, as papules rapidly spread to the surrounding skin, the malignancy was then suspected. The incisional biopsy from the papules was performed and showed that it was metastatic diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: The skin metastasis was different from general nodules, but rather as skin papules of general dermatitis in initial appearance. The surgeon and dermatologist should be alert if they find any benign appearance of a skin lesion on the abdominal wall in a patient with a history of gastric cancer surgery.
The Influence of Social Capital on Skills Social Cooperation (Study on the Organization of Santri Darul Hijrah Putri Cindai Alus)
Authors: Olfah Rasyidah , Syaharuddin Syaharuddin , Hasanah Mahmudah 
Published: September 2020

Persaingan dalam lingkup global semakin ketat sehingga setiap orang dituntut untuk mempunyai keterampilan agar mampu terjun ke dunia pekerjaan. Keterampilan yang harus dimiliki yaitu keterampilan hard skilll dan soft skill salah satunya adalah kerjasama. Kerjasama dapat dilakukan melalui sebuah organisasi, serta dianggap sebagai wadah untuk mendapat sumber daya yang baru. Penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif persentase digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk menggambarkan pengaruh modal sosial terhadap kerjasama dalam organisasi Santri Darul Hijrah Putri Cindai Alus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pembagian angket kepada sampel penelitian yaitu anggota pengurus OSDA sejumlah 156 orang, dokumentasi serta wawancara dan melihat secara langsung proses kerjasama pada OSDA. Selanjutnya dilakukan uji instrumen melalui uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Setelah itu pada tahap uji prasyarat analisis penelitian dilakukan uji normalitas dan uji linearitas. Teknis analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu uji distribusi persentase dan uji regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kriteria pengujian HO diterima apabila r hitung < r tabel, karena analisis r hitung > r tabel = 0,676 > 0,157 sehingga hipotesis ditolak (Ho) dan hipotesis diterima (Ha). Adapun untuk signifikan 0,000 < 0,005 jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa modal sosial berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kerjasama santriwati dalam organisasi santri Darul Hijrah putri Cindai Alus.