bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-catecholamine vasopressors in the treatment of adult patients with septic shock—evidence from meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Zhong Lei , Ji Xiao-Wei , Wang Hai-Li , Zhao Guang-Ming , Zhou Qing , Xie Bo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Norepinephrine (NE) has currently been the first-choice vasopressor in treating septic shock despite generally insufficient for patients with refractory septic shock. The aim of this update meta-analysis was to assess the safety and efficacy of a combination of non-catecholamine vasopressors (vasopressin/pituitrin/terlipressin/selepressin/angiotensin II) and NE versus NE in managing adult septic shock patients.

Methods
We conducted this study of literatures published from the inception to April 30, 2020, using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases without language restriction. Randomized controlled trials comparing NE with non-catecholamine vasopressors among adult septic shock patients were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled effects of relative risk (RR) or standard mean difference (SMD) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model.

Results
Twenty-three studies covering 4380 participants were finally enrolled. The combined analysis of non-catecholamine vasopressors resulted in a nonsignificant reduction in 90-day/ICU/hospital mortality except for a decreased in 28-day mortality (n = 4217; RR, 0.92; 95% CI 0.86–0.99; P = 0.02). This favorable result was subsequently verified by the subgroup analyses of low risk of bias studies (RR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.84 to 0.98; P = 0.02) and catecholamine-resistant refractory shock patients group (RR, 0.84; 95% CI = 0.70–1.00; P = 0.048). The pooled analysis of non-catecholamine vasopressors showed a 14% higher success rate of shock reversal at 6 h, a 29% decreased risk of continuous renal replacement therapy, but a 51% increased risk of hyponatremia and a 2.43 times higher risk of digital ischemia. Besides, the pooled data showed that non-catecholamine vasopressors decreased heart rate (HR) (SMD, − 0.43; 95% CI − 0.66 – − 0.19; P < 0.001), serum creatinine (− 0.15; 95% CI − 0.29 – − 0.01; P = 0.04), and the length of mechanical ventilation (MV) (− 0.19; 95% CI − 0.31 – − 0.07; P < 0.01, but there was no significant difference in other parameters.

Conclusions
Current pooled results suggest that the addition of NE to non-catecholamine vasopressors was associated with a marginally significant reduction in 28-day mortality. Moreover, they were able to shorten the length of MV, improved renal function, decreased HR, and increased the 6-h shock reversal success rate at the expense of increased the risk of hyponatremia and digital ischemia.
First simulations of day-to-day variability of mid-latitude sporadic E layer structures
Authors: Andoh Satoshi , Saito Akinori , Shinagawa Hiroyuki , Ejiri Mitsumu K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe present the first simulations that successfully reproduce the day-to-day variability of the mid-latitude sporadic E ($$E_s$$Es) layers.$$E_s$$Eslayers appearing in the lower ionosphere have been extensively investigated to monitor and forecast their effects on long-distance communication by radio waves. Although it is widely accepted that the atmospheric tides are important in generating the$$E_s$$Eslayers, no simulations to date have reproduced the$$E_s$$Eslayers observed on a certain day. This is due to the lack of the combination of realistic information on the atmospheric tides in the lower ionosphere and a three-dimensional numerical ionospheric model that can simulate the precise transport of metallic ions. We developed a numerical ionospheric model coupled with the neutral winds from the GAIA (Ground-to-topside model of Atmosphere and Ionosphere for Aeronomy). The fundamental structures and the day-to-day variations of the$$E_s$$Eslayers observed by a$$\hbox {Ca}^+$$Ca+lidar are well-reproduced in the simulations.
Rectal cancer: a methodological approach to matching PET/MRI to histopathology
Authors: Rutegård Miriam K. , Båtsman Malin , Blomqvist Lennart , Rutegård Martin , Axelsson Jan , Ljuslinder Ingrid , Rutegård Jörgen , Palmqvist Richard , Brännström Fredrik , Brynolfsson Patrik , Riklund Katrine 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Purpose
To enable the evaluation of locoregional disease in the on-going RECTOPET (REctal Cancer Trial on PET/MRI/CT) study; a methodology to match mesorectal imaging findings to histopathology is presented, along with initial observations.

Methods
FDG-PET/MRI examinations were performed in twenty-four consecutively included patients with rectal adenocarcinoma. In nine patients, of whom five received neoadjuvant treatment, a postoperative MRI of the surgical specimen was performed. The pathological cut-out was performed according to clinical routine with the addition of photo documentation of each slice of the surgical specimen, meticulously marking the location, size, and type of pathology of each mesorectal finding. This allowed matching individual nodal structures from preoperative MRI, via the specimen MRI, to histopathology.

Results
Preoperative MRI identified 197 mesorectal nodal structures, of which 92 (47%) could be anatomically matched to histopathology. Of the matched nodal structures identified in both MRI and histopathology, 25% were found to be malignant. These malignant structures consisted of lymph nodes (43%), tumour deposits (48%), and extramural venous invasion (9%). One hundred eleven nodal structures (55%) could not be matched anatomically. Of these, 97 (87%) were benign lymph nodes, and 14 (13%) were malignant nodal structures. Five were malignant lymph nodes, and nine were tumour deposits, all of which had a short axis diameter < 5 mm.

Conclusions
We designed a method able to anatomically match and study the characteristics of individual mesorectal nodal structures, enabling further research on the impact of each imaging modality. Initial observations suggest that small malignant nodal structures assessed as lymph nodes in MRI often comprise other forms of mesorectal tumour spread.

Trial registration
Clinical Trials Identifier:NCT03846882.
Localization of epileptic seizure focus by computerized analysis of fMRI recordings
Authors: Hekmati Rasoul , Azencott Robert , Zhang Wei , Chu Zili D. , Paldino Michael J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
By computerized analysis of cortical activity recorded via fMRI for pediatric epilepsy patients, we implement algorithmic localization of epileptic seizure focus within one of eight cortical lobes. Our innovative machine learning techniques involve intensive analysis of large matrices of mutual information coefficients between pairs of anatomically identified cortical regions. Drastic selection of pairs of regions with biologically significant inter-connectivity provides efficient inputs for our multi-layer perceptron (MLP) classifier. By imposing rigorous parameter parsimony to avoid overfitting, we construct a small-size MLP with very good percentages of successful classification.
Heparinized chitosan/hydroxyapatite scaffolds stimulate angiogenesis
Authors: Nájera-Romero Griselda V. , Yar Muhammad , Rehman Ihtesham Ur 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Formation of blood vessels during bone regeneration represents a major challenge for tissue engineered constructs. Poor revascularization can lead to scaffold failure and consequently, leads to non-healing fracture. Heparin is known to bind with angiogenic growth factors influencing the process of new blood vessels formation. There are several problems associated with the use of growth factors in clinic such as low stability, uncontrolled delivery to the site, and high price. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential of heparin to produce pro-angiogenic bone regeneration materials. Chitosan/hydroxyapatite freeze-gelled scaffolds were prepared and loaded with heparin. Different concentrations of heparin were successfully loaded onto the scaffolds, its release from the scaffold was analysed by toluidine blue assay and their angiogenic effect was evaluated by chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay to determine the optimal concentration of heparin to induce a proangiogenic effect. It was noted that low heparin concentrations exhibited a positive effect, with approximately 28 μg per scaffold indicating a significant increment in blood vessels. The synthesized materials showed no cytotoxic effects when evaluated by using U2OS cell line.
Does mouse mammary tumor-like virus cause human breast cancer? Applying Bradford Hill criteria postulates
Authors: Hameed Yasir , Usman Muhammad , Ahmad Mukhtiar 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe role of mouse mammary tumor-like virus (MMTV-like virus) in human breast cancer (BC) has already been widely investigated worldwide with conflicting results. Although the researchers tried to establish the link between MMTV-like virus and BC through the statistical meta-analysis of the previous studies associating MMTV-like virus with BC, they failed to establish a more reliable link due to the shortcomings of the statistical meta-analysis. In the present study, we identified population-wide studies relating MMTV-like virus with BC through the PubMed search engine. Then, we examined the available data of MMTV-like virus prevalence in BC, normal/benign samples, and applied the postulates of Bradford Hill criteria on the available evidence to investigate the association between MMTV-like virus and BC. In addition, to further enhance the reliability of our outcomes, we have also evaluated the methodologies of the previous studies to address the possibility of false-negative and false-positive results.ResultsAfter a careful evaluation of the extracted data against the postulates of Bradford Hill criteria, it was observed that none of the studies fulfill all the major postulates of Bradford Hill criteria for causation including temporality, consistency, biological gradient, experiment, coherence, specificity, and analogy. Hence, no causal relationship has been suggested between MMTV-like virus and BC patients of the any included population.ConclusionThe results failed to prove the causal relationship between MMTV-like virus and BC rather suggested it as a co-participant in the pathogenesis of BC.
Home-Based Exercise And People With Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hare Marianne , Hill James , Clegg Andrew 
Published: October 2020

Background Exercise is seen as an effective intervention to combat the reduction in postural stability and increased chance of falls in Parkinson's patients. However, there is some debate as to where this exercise should take place. This article critically appraises and evaluates a systematic review looking at home-based exercise versus centre-based exercise for improving balance and functional outcomes.
Ankle motor strategy use in older and younger adults as assessed by a two-dimensional kinematic analysis smart device application
Authors: Criminger Christina , Thompson Mary , Swank Chad , Medley Ann 
Published: October 2020

Background/aims Motor strategies change with age, resulting in balance deficits. Clinical options for objectively measuring motor strategies are limited. The use of two-dimensional kinematic analysis through smart devices and applications may provide a cost-effective portable solution for measuring differences in motor strategy use between older and younger adults. The aims of this study were to investigate the concurrent validity of a two-dimensional software and two-dimensional application and to determine whether the application could capture the difference in ankle motor strategy use by older and younger adults (construct validity). Methods Video clips captured by Sony and iPad Air cameras were used to assess concurrent validity between the two-dimensional software and application. A total of 30 older (72.6 ± 4.0 years) and 30 younger (26.5±4.5 years) adults performed forward and backward stepping. A two-dimensional applicationmeasured the ankle position in degrees and time taken in seconds to initiate and complete a compensatory step. Results The two-dimensional software and app demonstrated excellent reliability (ICC2,1 ≥0.994). The ankle forward stop angle differed significantly between older and younger adults (P=0.012). No differences were observed in time taken to initiate and complete a compensatory step. Conclusions The two-dimensional application appears to be a valid alternative to two-dimensional software for measuring ankle motor strategies. Further investigation for clinical use is warranted.
Caring for Our Caregivers: a feasibility study of caregiver preparedness training within inpatient brain injury rehabilitation
Authors: Stepansky Kasey , Sethi Amit , Toto Pamela , Bleakley Scott 
Published: October 2020

Background/aims Evidence-based inpatient caregiver training may ensure that caregiver needs are met and hospital readmission costs reduced. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a caregiver education model, Caring for Our Caregivers, within an inpatient brain injury programme. Methods A total of 32 adults were admitted to inpatient neurorehabilitation during the 7-week feasibility trial. The three-step Caring for Our Caregivers programme included evidence-based recommendations following a caregiver needs assessment, goal setting and hands-on training. Satisfaction levels and caregiver preparedness were assessed via a survey. Results The caregiver needs assessment and goal collaboration was completed within 5 days 66% of the time. Results indicated an even distribution of hands-on (47%) and discussion-based (53%) education. Caregivers and staff identified high levels of satisfaction with the programme. Conclusions Early engagement, collaborative goals and hands-on training of the family caregiver of a client with acquired brain injury during inpatient rehabilitation demonstrated initial feasibility with positive implications for caregiver satisfaction and community discharge.
From fellowship to leadership
Authors: Gartshore L 
Published: October 2020

The Lady Estelle Wolfson Emerging Leaders Fellowship offers women an opportunity to fast track their leadership skills, and their career aspirations, through mentorship and networking. Initiatives such as this are in line with the call for action made across healthcare to address diversity and inclusivity, and task our profession to strive for gender balance in the workforce. The Lady Estelle Wolfson Emerging Leaders Fellowship: where women can thrive, lead, inspire, and be unashamedly aspirational.
Reporting orthopaedic surgeons' outcomes: 100 years after Codman
Authors: Leung B , Ricketts D , Ge X , Li C 
Published: October 2020

UK surgeons often spend their working lives repeatedly performing a series of operations routine to them. Few data are collected on the outcomes of surgeons’ routine work. Any information given to patients about the success of a planned procedure will likely be derived from the literature. Mandatory collection of surgeons’ data is currently limited to specialist registers concerning arthroplasty and other complex surgery. The Paterson inquiry report, published in 2020, fell short of suggesting a comprehensive collection of outcomes data but recommended publication of a list of operations commonly performed by a surgeon. The idea of comprehensive data collection is not new. In 1905, an American shoulder surgeon, Ernest Codman, suggested the ‘end result’ idea, which involved publishing data regarding the outcome of every operation performed. Codman’s scheme (and his career) failed. This paper looks at the reasons for the failure of Codman’s idea and surveys the current schemes of surgical outcomes data collection. For future successful data collection, the interested parties need to agree why data should be collected, how the system will be paid for, what data will be collected, how data quality and interfering variables will be managed, and how the data will be analysed and presented to interested groups. With many barriers to data collection still present, what lies ahead for quality assessment?
Cuidado Multiprofissional na Estratégia Saúde da Família a Mulheres com Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional / Multiprofessional Care in the Family Health Strategy for Women With Gestational Mellitus Diabetes
Authors: Brito João Gabriel Cordeiro de , Barbosa Milton Jorge Lobo , Araújo Kelmalary Gomes de , Silva Dailton Santos 
Published: October 2020

Resumo: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que objetivou descrever a assistência ofertada pela Equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família á mulheres com Diabetes Mellitus gestacional, evidenciados na literatura científica. A coleta de dados foi realizada nos meses de agosto a setembro de 2020 nas bases de dados Medical Literature Analyses and Retrieval System Online), Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da Saúde, Base de Dados de Enfermagem. Foram identificados 382 estudos, sendo a amostra composta por nove estudos. Os dados foram expostos em tabela-síntese e em categorias temáticas e discutidos em conformidade à literatura pertinente. Evidenciou-se a existência de falhas na atenção prestada às mulheres com diabetes gestacional e a importância do papel desempenhando por profissionais que prestam assistência a essas pacientes no âmbito da Estratégia Saúde da Família, favorecendo a prática do autocuidado. Faz-se necessário uma visão holística para essas mulheres com intuito de prevenir os agravos, melhorando a assistência e cuidado com elas. Descritores: Diabetes gestacional. Gravidez. Estratégia de saúde da família. Equipe Multiprofissional.
Thermochemical Characterization of Horns and Hooves for Carbonitriding Treatment
Authors: Ahmed Ismaila Idowu , Buhari Ajadi Abdulafeez , Abdulkareem Sulaiman , Yahaya Taiwo , Adebisi Jeleel Adekunle 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Horns and hooves are abattoir wastes that have not been fully used and that are sometimes disposed of indiscriminately because of a limited understanding of their thermochemical properties. However, ancient blacksmiths intuitively rub animal horns on hot forging steels in anticipation of better performance. This study therefore conducts a thermochemical characterization of horns and hooves of selected animals, namely cows, sheep, and goats, for a better understanding of their thermochemical properties. A chemical analysis of horns and hooves was conducted using both a scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy for quantitative and qualitative analyses of the elements present, respectively. X-ray diffraction was carried out to determine the molecular phases present. The thermal behavior of samples was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis. All the samples analyzed confirmed the presence of carbon and nitrogen in significant quantities. Again, the results of thermal characterization showed cow hooves as the most thermally stable, whereas goat horns and hooves were the least thermally stable at an elevated temperature. The study therefore reinforces the potential of the horns and hooves for carbonitriding treatment of steels and consequently absolves these wastes from underutilization and indiscriminate dumping in the environment.
A Complexity Framework for Self-Engineering Systems
Authors: Brooks Sam , Roy Rajkumar 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
To ensure extended useful life of systems during pandemics such as coronavirus disease (COVID-19), systems independent of traditional maintenance, repair, and servicing will be required. Ambitious new designs are needed, such as self-engineering (SE) systems to automatically respond to return lost functionality and improve product resilience without human intervention. Development in SE has focused on self-healing materials, self-reconfiguring electronics, and self-adapting robotics. There has been little work to evaluate SE systems holistically and develop new design tools for creating new SE systems. This paper presents a framework for evaluating the complexity of SE systems and the validation of the framework with expert interviews. There was agreement between experts and the authors for 21/24 of factors for the 8 SE examples (4 biological and 4 engineering) evaluated using the framework. Disagreements in results were caused by a lack of knowledge on the system being evaluated or misunderstanding about the system operation.
Kadar Mangiferin Pada Lima Kultivar Pucuk Daun Mangga (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Cahyanto Tri , Fadillah Afriansyah , Ulfa Risda Arba , Hasby Rizal Maulana , Kinasih Ida 
Published: October 2020

AbstrakPemanfaatan pucuk daun mangga (Mangifera indica L.) oleh masyarakat menjadi lalapan dan dipercaya berkhasiat sebagai obat tradisional. Hal ini merupakan suatu proses kearifan lokal berdasarkan pengalaman empiris orang-orang terdahulu yang kemudian dijadikan kajian studi ilmiah, yaitu etnobotani. Kajian studi etnobotani termasuk pemanfaatan pucuk daun mangga sebagai lalapan masih jarang dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui senyawa bioaktif termasuk mangiferin yang terkandung dalam lima kultivar mangga. Sampel kultivar mangga yang digunakan dalam penelitian antara lain Manalagi, Arum manis, Cengkir, Gedong apel dan Golek. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu skrining fitokimia dan pengukuran kadar senyawa mangiferin dengan HPLC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sampel positif mengandung senyawa bioaktif alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin dan tanin. Kadar senyawa mangiferin paling tinggi secara berurutan terdapat pada kultivar Arum manis (20,83%), Manalagi (20,56%), Gedong apel (18,54%), Cengkir (15,10%), dan Golek (5,05%). Kultivar mangga Arum manis memiliki kadar mangiferin paling tinggi, untuk selanjutnya dapat dikaji pemanfaatannya sebagai obat herbal tradisional. Abstract Utilization young leaf of mango (Mangifera indica L.) by the community as lalapan and it is believed to be efficacious as traditional medicines. This process through of local wisdom based on empirical experience of conservative people used as a scientific study, namely ethnobotany. Ethnobotany studies include the use of mango leaf shoots as fresh vegetables are still rarely performed.This study aims to determine bioactive compounds including mangiferin contained in five cultivars of mango. Mango cultivar samples used in this study include Manalagi, Arum manis, Cengkir, Gedong apel and Golek. The research method used was phytochemical screening and measurement of mangiferin compounds by HPLC. The results showed a positive sample containing bioactive compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The highest levels of mangiferin compounds were found in Arum manis (20.83%), Manalagi (20.56%), Gedong apel (18.54%), Cengkir (15.10%) and Golek (5.05%). Arum manis cultivars has highest value of mangiferin levels, which can be explored for their use as traditional herbal medicines.