bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mode Selective Up-conversion Detection with Turbulence
Authors: Zhang He , Kumar Santosh , Huang Yu-Ping 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe experimentally study a nonlinear optical approach to selective manipulation and detection of structured images mixed with turbulent noise. Unlike any existing adaptive-optics method by applying compensating modulation directly on the images, here we account for the turbulence indirectly, by modulating only the pump driving the nonlinear process but not the images themselves. This indirect approach eliminates any signal modulation loss or noise, while allowing more flexible and capable operations. Using specifically sum frequency generation in a lithium niobate crystal, we demonstrate selective upconversion of Laguerre-Gaussian spatial modes mixed with turbulent noise. The extinction reaches ~40 dB without turbulence, and maintains ~20 dB in the presence of strong turbulence. This technique could find utilities in classical and quantum communications, compressive imaging, pattern recognition, and so on.
Thioacetamide-induced liver damage and thrombocytopenia is associated with induction of antiplatelet autoantibody in mice
Authors: Lin You-Yen , Hu Chi-Tan , Sun Der-Shan , Lien Te-Sheng , Chang Hsin-Hou 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThrombocytopenia is usually associated with liver injury, elevated plasma aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels, and high antiplatelet immunoglobulin (Ig) titers, although the mechanism behind these effects remains elusive. Deciphering the mechanism behind acute liver disease–associated thrombocytopenia may help solve difficulties in routine patient care, such as liver biopsy, antiviral therapy, and surgery. To determine whether liver damage is sufficient per se to elicit thrombocytopenia, thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatitis rodent models were employed. The analysis results indicated that TAA treatment transiently induced an elevation of antiplatelet antibody titer in both rats and mice. B-cell-deficient (BCD) mice, which have loss of antibody expression, exhibited markedly less thrombocytopenia and liver damage than wild-type controls. Because TAA still induces liver damage in BCD mice, this suggests that antiplatelet Ig is one of the pathogenic factors, which play exacerbating role in the acute phase of TAA-induced hepatitis. TNF-α was differentially regulated in wild-type versus BCD mice during TAA treatment, and anti-TNF treatment drastically ameliorated antiplatelet Ig induction, thrombocytopenia, and liver injury, suggesting that the TNF pathway plays a critical role in the disease progression.
Symmetry-broken square silicon patches for ultra-narrowband light absorption
Authors: Yin Xin , Sang Tian , Qi Honglong , Li Guoqing , Wang Xun , Wang Jicheng , Wang Yueke 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe effect of ultra-narrowband light absorption enhancement is presented by using metamaterials with symmetry-broken square silicon patches (SSPs). The symmetry of the SSP can be broken by introducing a narrow slit deviating from its center. By breaking the symmetry of the SSPs, slit resonance mode with standing wave patterns can be excited, and the locations of the absorption peaks can be well estimated by using the Fabry-Pérot (F-P) cavity model. Although there is no excitation of surface plasmon resonance, ultra-narrowband light absorption can be achieved by minimizing the reflectance through perfect impedance matching and simultaneously eliminating the transmittance by the metallic substrate. Good ultra-narrowband absorption features can be maintained as the parameters of the buffer layer and the SSPs are altered. When this type of symmetry-broken SSPs-based metamaterial is used in refractive-index sensors, it shows excellent sensing properties due to its stable ultra-narrowband absorption enhancement.
DDAH-2 alleviates contrast medium iopromide-induced acute kidney injury through nitric oxide synthase
Authors: Lin Heng-Huei , Lee Tzong-Shyuan , Lin Shing-Jong , Yeh Yi-Chen , Lu Tse-Min , Hsu Chiao-Po 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Contrast medium-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is one of the most common causes of hospital-acquired acute renal failure. However, the pathogenesis of CI-AKI remains unclear. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor that is largely metabolised by dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydroxylase (DDAH) in humans. Two isoforms of DDAH exist, namely, DDAH-1 and DDAH-2. In the present study, we examined whether the DDAH-2/ADMA/NOS pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of CI-AKI.
Methods and Results: Exposure to the contrast medium iopromide led to increase in creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, accumulation of ADMA, increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and an inflammatory response in mice kidney tissue. The injection of adenovirus-harbouring DDAH-2 lowered renal ADMA levels and had a reno-protective effect against contrast-medium injury by decreasing cell apoptosis, ROS, and fibrosis. By contrast, contrast medium-induced renal injury was exacerbated in heterozygous DDAH-2 knockout mice. In the in vitro study, overexpression of DDAH-2 increased the levels of nitrite and intracellular cGMP, while the DDAH-2 knockdown induced the opposite effect. These findings were also observed in the in vivo sample.
Conclusions: Our findings provide the first evidence that the DDAH-2/ADMA/NOS pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of CI-AKI and that the protective effect of DDAH-2 probably arises from the modulation of NOS activity, oxidative stress, and the inflammatory process.
Awareness of the Profession of Audiology Among Ethnically Diverse Adolescents: A Pre- and Post-Education Study
Authors: Deshpande Shruti Balvalli 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate knowledge about the profession of Audiology among adolescents from diverse backgrounds before, immediately after, and 6 months after an educational program on the profession of Audiology.

Method

Adolescents (
N
= 152) from ethnically diverse backgrounds responded to a survey investigating their awareness about Audiology. Thereafter, they participated in an educational program on the profession of Audiology. One third of the participants were invited to respond to the survey immediately after the educational program. Six months after the educational program, 120 of the original sample of 152 participants responded again to the survey in order to assess if the gains from the educational program were retained.

Results
The results from the baseline survey indicated that approximately 25% of participants were aware about the profession of Audiology. None of the participants reported that balance assessment or management was within the scope of practice of audiologists in the baseline survey. The chi-square test indicated that the educational program resulted in significant enhancement in awareness about the profession of Audiology immediately after education. Results also indicated that the gains in knowledge were retained 6 months after education.

Conclusion
In light of the existing literature, it is clear that there is a need to recruit an ethnically diverse talent pool of individuals who will choose a career in Audiology in the forthcoming decades. Preliminary results from this study could be helpful in strategizing efforts to improve the visibility of Audiology to younger college aspirants. Advantages of reaching to school-age students at grassroots levels and educating them about the profession of Audiology are discussed in this article.
Evaluation of Parent- and Speech-Language Pathologist–Delivered Multiple Oppositions Intervention for Children With Phonological Impairment: A Multiple-Baseline Design Study
Authors: Sugden Eleanor , Baker Elise , Williams A. Lynn , Munro Natalie , Trivette Carol M. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
Evidence for the multiple oppositions intervention approach indicates it should be delivered 3 times weekly; however, this high dose frequency is not provided by many speech-language pathologists worldwide. This study investigated whether parents could be involved in delivering phonological intervention to fulfill this intensity shortfall.

Method
Five children with moderate-to-severe phonological impairment aged 3;3–5;11 (years;months) and 1 of their parents participated in this study using a multiple-baseline across participants design. Participants attended one 60-min clinic-based session per week for 8 weeks, and parents completed home practice 2 times per week over this period after receiving training. Parents also attended a 60-min training session prior to commencing intervention.

Results
All children showed a treatment effect to treated words. Three of the 5 children demonstrated a large effect size for generalization to nontreatment words, with 1 child demonstrating a moderate effect and 1 child demonstrating no effect. However, all children showed qualitative changes to their speech system. Three of the 5 children experienced significant changes to communicative participation. Measures of treatment fidelity indicated that parents were able to competently deliver the intervention both within the clinic and at home.

Conclusions
Combined parent- and speech-language pathologist–delivered multiple oppositions intervention is effective for some children with moderate-to-severe phonological impairment. The findings indicate that parents can be trained to competently and confidently deliver phonological intervention. Further evidence is needed to identify optimal child and parent characteristics most suited to this modified service delivery approach.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.10565885
The ISM scaling relations in DustPedia late-type galaxies: A benchmark study for the Local Universe
Authors: Casasola V. , Bianchi S. , De Vis P. , Magrini L. , Corbelli E. , Clark C. J. R. , Fritz J. , Nersesian A. , Viaene S. , Baes M. , Cassarà L. P. , Davies J. , De Looze I. , Dobbels W. , Galametz M. , Galliano F. , Jones A. P. , Madden S. C. , Mosenkov A. V. , Trčka A. , Xilouris E. 
Published: November 2019

Aims.The purpose of this work is the characterization of the main scaling relations between all of the interstellar medium (ISM) components, namely dust, atomic, molecular, and total gas, and gas-phase metallicity, as well as other galaxy properties, such as stellar mass (Mstar) and galaxy morphology, for late-type galaxies in the Local Universe.Methods.This study was performed by extracting late-type galaxies from the entire DustPedia sample and by exploiting the large and homogeneous dataset available thanks to the DustPedia project. The sample consists of 436 galaxies with morphological stage spanning fromT= 1−10,Mstarfrom 6 × 107to 3 × 1011M⊙, star formation rate from 6 × 10−4to 60M⊙yr−1, and oxygen abundance from 12 + log(O/H) = 8−9.5. Molecular and atomic gas data were collected from the literature and properly homogenized. All the masses involved in our analysis refer to the values within the optical disks of galaxies. The scaling relations involving the molecular gas are studied by assuming both a constant and a metallicity-dependent CO-to-H2conversion factor (XCO). The analysis was performed by means of the survival analysis technique, in order to properly take into account the presence of both detection and nondetection in the data.Results.We confirm that the dust mass correlates very well with the total gas mass, and find –for the first time– that the dust mass correlates better with the atomic gas mass than with the molecular one. We characterize important mass ratios such as the gas fraction, the molecular-to-atomic gas mass ratio, the dust-to-total gas mass ratio (DGR), and the dust-to-stellar mass ratio, and study how they relate to each other, to galaxy morphology, and to gas-phase metallicity. Only the assumption of a metallicity-dependentXCOreproduces the expected decrease of the DGR with increasing morphological stage and decreasing gas-phase metallicity, with a slope of about 1. The DGR, the gas-phase metallicity, and the dust-to-stellar mass ratio are, for our galaxy sample, directly linked to galaxy morphology. The molecular-to-atomic gas mass ratio and the DGR show a positive correlation for low molecular gas fractions, but for galaxies rich in molecular gas this trend breaks down. To our knowledge, this trend has never been found before, and provides new constraints for theoretical models of galaxy evolution and a reference for high-redshift studies. We discuss several scenarios related to this finding.Conclusions.The DustPedia database of late-type galaxies is an extraordinary tool for the study of the ISM scaling relations, thanks to its homogeneous collection of data for the different ISM components. The database is made publicly available to the whole community.
The young massive SMC cluster NGC 330 seen by MUSE
Authors: Bodensteiner J. , Sana H. , Mahy L. , Patrick L. R. , de Koter A. , de Mink S. E. , Evans C. J. , Götberg Y. , Langer N. , Lennon D. J. , Schneider F. R. N. , Tramper F. 
Published: November 2019

Context.A majority of massive stars are part of binary systems, a large fraction of which will inevitably interact during their lives. Binary-interaction products (BiPs), that is, stars affected by such interaction, are expected to be commonly present in stellar populations. BiPs are thus a crucial ingredient in the understanding of stellar evolution.Aims.We aim to identify and characterize a statistically significant sample of BiPs by studying clusters of 10 − 40 Myr, an age at which binary population models predict the abundance of BiPs to be highest. One example of such a cluster is NGC 330 in the Small Magellanic Cloud.Methods.Using MUSE WFM-AO observations of NGC 330, we resolved the dense cluster core for the first time and were able to extract spectra of its entire massive star population. We developed an automated spectral classification scheme based on the equivalent widths of spectral lines in the red part of the spectrum.Results.We characterize the massive star content of the core of NGC 330, which contains more than 200 B stars, 2 O stars, 6 A-type supergiants, and 11 red supergiants. We find a lower limit on the Be star fraction of 32 ± 3% in the whole sample. It increases to at least 46 ± 10% when we only consider stars brighter thanV = 17 mag. We estimate an age of the cluster core between 35 and 40 Myr and a total cluster mass of 88−18+17× 103M⊙.Conclusions.We find that the population in the cluster core is different than the population in the outskirts: while the stellar content in the core appears to be older than the stars in the outskirts, the Be star fraction and the observed binary fraction are significantly higher. Furthermore, we detect several BiP candidates that will be subject of future studies.
A long (7 cm) prophylactic pancreatic stent decreases incidence of post-endoscopic papillectomy pancreatitis: a retrospective study
Authors: Minami Kazuhiro , Iwasaki Eisuke , Kawasaki Shintaro , Fukuhara Seiichiro , Seino Takashi , Katayama Tadashi , Takimoto Yoichi , Tamagawa Hiroki , Machida Yujiro , Horibe Masayasu , Kitago Minoru , Ogata Haruhiko , Kanai Takanori 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) is a minimally invasive treatment for ampullary neoplasms and is recognized as an alternative treatment to surgical resection; however, there are few reports on a suitable pancreatic stent (PS) after EP for preventing pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a long PS after EP.
Patients and methods In this retrospective single-center study, 39 patients with pathologically proven ampullary neoplasms who underwent EP between March 2012 and August 2018 were enrolled. The study participants were divided into two subgroups according to the PS length: those with a PS shorter than 5 cm (short PS group, n = 17) and those with a PS of 7 cm (long PS group, n = 22). The incidence of adverse events and risk factors for pancreatitis were evaluated.
Results The diameter of all PSs was 5 Fr. Post-EP pancreatitis occurred in nine patients (23.1 %), with two cases of severe pancreatitis (5.1 %). Pancreatitis occurred more frequently in the short PS group (7/17, 41.2 %) than in the long PS group (2/22, 9.1 %) (P = 0.026). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of other adverse events. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that a long PS was the only factor associated with a decreased incidence of post-EP pancreatitis (P = 0.042; odds ratio, 0.16; 95 % confidence interval, 0.027–0.94).
Conclusion A long (7 cm) PS significantly decreased incidence of pancreatitis after EP. Prospective randomized studies with a larger number of patients and wider range of PS lengths are required.
Workload efficiency as a new tool to describe external and internal competitive match load of a professional soccer team: A descriptive study on the relationship between pre‐game training loads and relative match load
Authors: Grünbichler Johannes , Federolf Peter , Gatterer Hannes 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe current study introduces a new index for external and internal workload, “workload efficiency”, and assesses in professional soccer the influence of pre‐match training load on match workload efficiency. External and internal workloads were determined for 44 training sessions and 16 competitive matches using a 10‐Hz global positioning system (GPS) and a 200 Hz accelerometer/heart rate monitor. Training loads were registered from day five (D‐5) to day one (D‐1) prior to each competitive match. Workload efficiency was calculated for each match as the ratio between overall external and internal load. A multiple stepwise regression analysis (including z‐transformed variables) was used to determine training load variables that predict workload efficiency of the following matches. Training load variables of the previous days explained 26.6% of the variance in workload efficiency during the following matches. Long sprinting distance on D‐3 and D‐4 and total distance on D‐1 positively influenced the players’ workload efficiency, whereas long training durations and high training load on D‐1 showed adverse effects. The present outcomes suggest that including sprint training (high sprinting distance) four and three days prior to a match, may provide a positive stimulus for the subsequent workload efficiency in matches. The negative impact of long training duration and high training load one day before the game highlights the importance of a diligent planning of the immediate competition preparation phase. This study shows that workload efficiency is a useful metric to assess match performance and that body‐worn sensor technology can be useful for tailoring training loads.
A comparison of methods for adapting

177Lu

dose-voxel-kernels to tissue inhomogeneities
Authors: Götz Th , Schmidkonz C , Lang E W , Maier A , Kuwert T , Ritt P 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In

radionuclide therapies, dosimetry is used for determining patient-individual dose burden. Standard approaches provide whole organ doses only. For assessing dose heterogeneity inside organs, voxel-wise dosimetry based on 3D SPECT/CT imaging could be applied. Often, this is achieved by convolving voxel-wise time-activity-curves with appropriate dose-voxel-kernels (DVK). The DVKs are meant to model dose deposition, and can be more accurate if modelled for the specific tissue type under consideration. In literature, DVKs are often not adapted to these inhomogeneities, or simple approximation schemes are applied.
For 26 patients, which had previously undergone a

-PSMA or -DOTATOC therapy, decay maps, mass-density maps as well as tissue-type maps were derived from SPECT/CT acquisitions. These were used for a voxel-based dosimetry based on convolution with DVKs (each of size

) obtained by four different DVK methods proposed in literature. The simplest only considers a spatially constant soft-tissue DVK (herein named ‘constant’), while others either take into account only the local density of the center voxel of the DVK (herein named ‘center-voxel’) or scale each voxel linearly according to the proper mass density deduced from the CT image (herein named ‘density’) or considered both the local mass density as well as the direct path between the center voxel and any voxel in its surrounding (herein named ‘percentage’). Deviations between resulting dose values and those from full Monte-Carlo simulations (MC simulations) were compared for selected organs and tissue-types.
For each DVK method, inter-patient variability was considerable showing both under- and over-estimation of energy dose compared to the MC result for all tissue densities higher than soft tissue. In kidneys and spleen, ‘constant’ and ‘density’-scaled DVKs achieved estimated doses with smallest deviations to the full MC gold standard (∼

underestimation). For low and high density tissue types such as lung and adipose or bone tissue, alternative DVK methods like ‘center-voxel’- and ‘percentage’- scaled achieved superior results, respectively. Concerning computational load, dose estimation with the DVK method ‘constant’ needs about 1.1 s per patient, center-voxel scaling amounts to 1.2 s, density scaling needs 1.4 s while percentage scaling consumes 860.3 s per patient.
In this study encompassing a large patient cohort and four different DVK estimation methods, no single DVK-adaption method was consistently better than any other in case of soft tissue kernels. Hence in such cases the simplest DVK method, labeled ‘constant’, suffices. In case of tumors, often located in tissues of low (lung) or high (bone) density, more sophisticated DVK methods excel. The high inter-patient variability indicates that for evaluating new algorithms, a sufficiently large patient cohort needs to be involved.
Applications of highly non-equilibrium low-pressure oxygen plasma for treatment of polymers and polymer composites on an industrial scale
Authors: Vesel A , Primc G , Zaplotnik R , Mozetič M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Scientific aspects of technologies based on application of non-equilibrium oxygen plasma are presented. Oxygen plasma is sustained by an electrodeless discharge to facilitate a high concentration of neutral reactive species, in particular O atoms. The species interact with solid materials causing surface functionalization, removal or organic impurities, nanostructuring of polymers, selective etching of polymer composites or synthesis of metal-oxide nanoparticles. The flux of O atoms onto the surface-facing plasma is often between 1020 and 1023 m−2 s−1. While the physical interaction with solid materials (i.e. heterogeneous surface recombination) does not depend much on the sample temperature, the chemical interactions (functionalization, etching, oxidation) increase significantly with increasing temperature. The key treatment parameters are therefore the fluence of O atoms onto the sample surface and its temperature. The recommended ranges of parameters for various technologies are shown in the graphical abstract.