bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenological and physiological evaluation of first and second cropping periods of sorghum and maize crops
Authors: Barbosa Maria Antonia Machado , Kuki Kacilda Naomi , Bengala Pedro Santos Peno , Pereira Emilly dos Santos , de Barros Angélica Fátima , Montoya Sebastián Giraldo , Pimentel Leonardo Duarte 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEnvironmental conditions influence phenology and physiological processes of plants. It is common for maize and sorghum to be sown at two different periods: the first cropping (spring/summer) and the second cropping (autumn/winter). The phenological cycle of these crops varies greatly according to the planting season, and it is necessary to characterize the growth and development to facilitate the selection of the species best adapted to the environment. The aim of this study was to characterize phenological phases and physiological parameters in sorghum and maize plants as a function of environmental conditions from the first cropping and second cropping periods. Two parallel experiments were conducted with both crops. The phenological characterization was based on growth analyses (plant height, leaf area and photoassimilate partitioning) and gas exchange evaluations (net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration and water‐use efficiency). It was found that the vegetative stage (VS) for sorghum and maize plants was 7 and 21 days, respectively, longer when cultivated during the second cropping. In the first cropping, the plants were taller than in the second cropping, regardless of the crop. The stomatal conductance of sorghum plants fluctuated in the second cropping during the development period, while maize plants showed decreasing linear behaviour. Water‐use efficiency in sorghum plants was higher during the second cropping compared with the first cropping. In maize plants, in the second cropping, the water‐use efficiency showed a slight variation in relation to the first cropping. It was concluded that the environmental conditions as degree‐days, temperature, photoperiod and pluvial precipitation influence the phenology and physiology of both crops during the first and the second cropping periods, specifically cycle duration, plant height, leaf area, net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance and water‐use efficiency, indicating that both crops respond differentially to environmental changes during the growing season.
Fabrication of lightweight alumina with nanoscale intracrystalline pores
Authors: Fu Lvping , Gu Huazhi , Huang Ao , Zou Yongshun , Zhang Meijie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this study, lightweight alumina containing nanoscale intracrystalline pores was fabricated by introducing zirconia sol and alumina sol into α‐Al2O3 micropowder. The effects of zirconia sol on the sintering behavior of lightweight alumina were also investigated. With the introduction of zirconia sol, the grain growth and phase transformation of nano‐alumina are delayed. Therefore, the structure of the nanoscale pores between nanoparticles can be stabilized during heat treatment, and numerous nanoscale intracrystalline pores with diameters in the range of 50‐300 nm are trapped in the alumina grains. Because of the existence of these nanoscale intracrystalline pores, the thermal conductivity of lightweight alumina decreases significantly. Lightweight alumina with the addition of 0.75 wt% zirconia sol exhibits 31% lower thermal conductivity compared to alumina without zirconia sol.
Causal attribution and coping with parental dominance and deprecation in youth with mild intellectual disability
Authors: Kurtek Paweł 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAlthough interactions among parents and Youth with Mild Intellectual Disability (MID) may be stressful at times, most studies focus on the effects of stressful interactions on the parents. This study considers the Youth's perspective – particularly their beliefs about the reason for the parent's actions as well as how they would respond in the situation. The RA‐PD test (American Psychologist, 28, 2015, 107) was administered to 151 transition age youth with MID in Poland. The test includes vignettes that describe common situations in which the parent engages in Domination or Deprecation. The participants coping responses, based on a multi‐axial approach developed by Hobfoll (Stress, culture, and community. The psychology and philosophy of stress, 1998, Springer, New York, NY), and attributions toward the parental figure in the scenarios, based on Kelley (American Psychologist, 28, 2015, 107), were coded by judges. Correlations between causal attribution and coping response showed a consistent pattern where positive attributions were associated with prosocial coping and negative attributions were significantly related to antisocial coping. The implications for improving coping, especially for Youth with aggressive and passive tendencies, are discussed.
Value creation around merger waves: The role of managerial compensation
Authors: Hillier David , McColgan Patrick , Tsekeris Athanasios 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper examines the relation between executive compensation and value creation in merger waves. The sensitivity of CEO wealth to firm risk increases the likelihood of out‐of‐wave merger transactions but has no influence on in‐wave merger frequency. CEOs with compensation linked to firm risk have better out‐of‐wave merger performance in comparison to in‐wave mergers. We also present evidence that cross‐sectional acquirer return dispersion is greater for in‐wave acquisitions. Our results suggest that the underperformance of acquiring firms during merger waves can be attributed in part to ineffective compensation incentives, and appropriate managerial incentives can create value, particularly in non‐wave periods.
The role of work resources between job demands and burnout in male nurses
Authors: Xian Minting , Zhai Huimin , Xiong Yong , Han Yuan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore the regulation role of work resources in male nurses' job burnout and job demands.BackgroundBurnout syndrome affects a wide range of nurses. Although burnout and turnover rate have drawn many researchers’ attention, little is known of work characteristics that may cause a high burnout and turnover rate in male nurses.DesignA survey design was used.MethodA total of 366 male nurses in Guangzhou hospitals were included in this survey using the Burnout Scale (MBI‐GS) and the Job demands Resources Scale. Data were processed by hierarchical regression analysis. (Followed the STROBE checklist)ResultsThe male nurse's MBI score was (2.72 ± 1.02). Job demands affected the severity of male nurses' job burnout. Work resources are in a low level, especially at the social support, reward and skill diversity. The regression coefficients β of job demands, work resources and interaction items of job demands and work resources were 0.277, 0.314 and −0.006, respectively, and both passed the significance test (p < .01).). The new explanatory quantity ΔR2 after introducing the interaction between job demands and working resources was also statistically significant (ΔR2 = 0.254, p < .01).ConclusionMale nurses are at a mild level of job burnout, and work resources are in shortage. Work resources play a regulating role in job demands and burnout.Relevance to clinical practiceThe mild burnout may be a surface phenomenon or was a sign of trend of male nurses’ intention to leave the job. Managers should pay attention to the emotional needs and mental health problems of male nurses' work environment.
The influence of adaptive challenge on engagement of multidisciplinary staff in standardising aseptic technique in an emergency department: A qualitative study
Authors: Towell‐Barnard Amanda , Slatyer Susan , Cadwallader Helen , Harvey Michelle , Davis Susan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAims and objectivesTo explore the challenge of engaging multidisciplinary staff in standardising aseptic technique (AT) in an emergency department (ED) in an Australian tertiary hospital, and to better understand the enablers and barriers to implementing practice change within this setting.BackgroundHealthcare‐associated infections are the most common complication for patients in acute care. A clinical practice framework developed in the United Kingdom (UK) standardised AT practice to reduce potential infection risk. One Australian tertiary hospital drew upon this framework to similarly improve clinical practice. It was understood that standardising practice would require some practitioners only to revisit and demonstrate AT principles already embedded in their practice, while others would be challenged to adopt a new approach.DesignQualitative, descriptive research design.MethodsData were collected through focus groups held before and after implementation of the AT programme. Data were analysed using the framework method. The (COREQ) checklist was followed.ResultsFour emergent themes described the influence of motivation on individuals' beliefs and attitudes towards practice change, relationships within the ED context, delivery of education and management directives.ConclusionImplementing practice change is more than just providing technical knowledge and includes changing individuals' beliefs and attitudes. An understanding of adaptive challenge can assist in implementing practice change that involves the multidisciplinary team.Relevance to clinical practiceResults provide evidence as to how the adaptive challenge framework could be a suitable approach to manage potential enablers and barriers to implementing change within a multidisciplinary team in an acute hospital.
Glued to the TV: Distracted Noise Traders and Stock Market Liquidity
Authors: PERESS JOEL , SCHMIDT DANIEL 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we study the impact of noise traders’ limited attention on financial markets. Specifically, we exploit episodes of sensational news (exogenous to the market) that distract noise traders. We find that on “distraction days,” trading activity, liquidity, and volatility decrease, and prices reverse less among stocks owned predominantly by noise traders. These outcomes contrast sharply with those due to the inattention of informed speculators and market makers, and are consistent with noise traders mitigating adverse selection risk. We discuss the evolution of these outcomes over time and the role of technological changes.
Physiological mechanisms underlying children's circannual growth patterns and their contributions to the obesity epidemic in elementary school age children
Authors: Moreno Jennette P. , Crowley Stephanie J. , Alfano Candice A. , Thompson Debbe 
Published: November 2019

SummarySeveral studies since the 1990s have demonstrated that children increase their body mass index at a faster rate during summer months compared with the school year, leading some to conclude that the out‐of‐school summer environment is responsible. Other studies, however, have suggested that seasonality may play a role in children's height and weight changes across the year. This article reviews evidence for seasonal differences in the rate of children's height and weight gain and proposes potential physiological mechanisms that may explain these seasonal variations.
Safety and efficacy of zero fluoroscopy transseptal puncture with different approaches
Authors: Baykaner Tina , Quadros Kenneth K. , Thosani Amit , Yasmeh Babak , Mitra Raman , Liu Emerson , Belden William , Liu Zhigang , Costea Alex , Brodt Chad R. , Zei Paul C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionAtrial fibrillation (AF) ablation requires access to the left atrium (LA) via transseptal puncture (TP). TP is traditionally performed with fluoroscopic guidance. Use of intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) and three‐dimensional mapping allows for zero fluoroscopy TP.ObjectiveTo demonstrate safety and efficacy of zero fluoroscopy TP using multiple procedural approaches.MethodsPatients undergoing AF ablation between January 2015 and November 2017 at five institutions were included. ICE and three‐dimensional mapping were used for sheath positioning and TP. Variable technical approaches were used across centers including placement of J wire in the superior vena cava with ICE guidance followed by dragging down the transseptal sheath into the interatrial septum, or guiding the transseptal sheath directly to the interatrial septum by localizing the ablation catheter with three‐dimensional mapping and replacing it with the transseptal needle once in position. In patients with pacemaker/implantable cardiac defibrillator leads, pre‐/poststudy device interrogation was performed.ResultsA total of 747 TPs were performed (646 patients, age 63.1 ± 13.1, 67.5% male, LA volume index 34.5 ± 15.8 mL/m2, ejection fraction 57.7 ± 10.9%) with 100% success. No punctures required fluoroscopy. Two pericardial effusions, two pericardial tamponades requiring pericardiocentesis, and one transient ischemic attack were observed during the overall ablation procedure, with a total complication rate of 0.7%. There were no other periprocedural complications related to TP, including intrathoracic bleeding, stroke, or death both immediately following TP and within 30 days of the procedure. In patients with intracardiac devices, no device‐related complications were observed.ConclusionTP can be safely and effectively performed without the need for fluoroscopy.
Preventing immediate‐onset food allergy in infants, children and adults: Systematic review protocol
Authors: de Silva Debra , Halken Susanne , Singh Chris , Muraro Antonella , Angier Elizabeth , Arasi Stefania , Arshad Hasan , Beyer Kirsten , Boyle Robert , Eigenmann Philippe , Grimshaw Kate , Hoest Arne , Jones Carla , Lack Gideon , Szajewska Hania , du Toit George , Venter Carina , Verhasselt Valérie , Roberts Graham 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundMore than 17 million people across Europe have allergies to food and the burden of food allergies is increasing. In 2014, the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) published guidelines for preventing food allergy. Important research has been published since then and it is essential to ensure the guidelines reflect the latest evidence. A systematic review will be undertaken to help prepare new guidelines due to be published in 2020.MethodsEleven bibliographic databases will be searched from inception to 31 October 2019 for randomized controlled trials about any intervention designed to prevent the development of new cases of immediate‐type/IgE‐mediated food allergy in infants, children and adults. There are few randomized controlled trials about the impact of breastfeeding on food allergy so prospective cohort studies about breastfeeding with at least 1000 participants at general risk or 200 at high risk of food allergy will also be eligible. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach will be used to assess the certainty of the evidence and tabulate summary data. The risk of bias in individual trials will be assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. All data extraction and quality appraisal will be undertaken independently by two reviewers in partnership with a taskforce of EAACI members.ConclusionsPreventing food allergy has the potential to improve personal well‐being and reduce societal healthcare costs. It is important that forthcoming European guidelines take the latest research into account. Past reviews have tended to focus on single interventions or combined food allergy with other outcomes, making it difficult to draw robust conclusions about potential impacts for policy and practice.
In Defence of Advance Directives in Dementia
Authors: Witt Karsten 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIt has often been claimed that orthodox thinking about personal identity undermines the moral authority of advance directives in dementia by implying that the signer of the directive is numerically different from the severely demented patient. This is the ‘identity problem'. I introduce the problem, outline some well‐known solutions, and explain why they might be deemed unattractive. I then propose an alternative solution. It promises to be compatible with orthodox thinking about personal identity. I discuss three ways in which it might be challenged and find that none is convincing. Personal identity is no bar to the moral authority of advance directives.
Branching hypopigmentation following intralesional corticosteroid injection: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Bjorklund Kim A. , Fernandez Faith Esteban 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntralesional corticosteroid injections are frequently used to treat various musculoskeletal and dermatologic conditions, including keloid scarring. While a number of adverse events may be associated with these injections, hypopigmentation without atrophy is rare. We report a case of a pediatric patient with temporary cutaneous hypopigmentation without atrophy following intralesional corticosteroid injection in a keloid scar.
Factors impacting attrition of vulnerable women from a longitudinal mental health intervention study
Authors: Molewyk Doornbos Mary , Zandee Gail Landheer , Timmermans Barbara , Moes Jesse , Heitsch Emily , Quist Morgan , Heetderks Erica , Houskamp Christa , VanWolde Anna 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study explored factors associated with attrition of vulnerable women from a community‐based, longitudinal mental health intervention study.DesignThe study employed a quasi‐experimental, nonequivalent comparison group pretest–posttest design. The intervention consisted of six, 90‐min meetings featuring education and support.SampleOne hundred and eighteen women aged 18–88 years enrolled from four urban neighborhoods.MeasurementsThe team used the Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7, the Primary Health Questionnaire‐9, a self‐care knowledge for anxiety and depression instrument, and demographics to measure variables.InterventionSessions occurred at trusted neighborhood sites. The team provided transportation, child care, and reminder calls or texts. Community health workers actively encouraged participants to continue in the study. The researchers did not offer financial incentives. Completion of the intervention involved attending four of six sessions.ResultsThe study had a 39% attrition rate. Results, using a Chi‐square test for independence, indicated significant associations between attrition, neighborhood/homelessness, and family income. Additionally, there were significant associations between attrition, a past diagnosis of anxiety, and a lack of concurrent therapy for anxiety/depression.ConclusionsThis study identified social determinants and mental health factors linked to the attrition of urban, ethnically diverse, and impoverished women from longitudinal intervention studies.
Unravelling intricate interactions among atmospheric bromeliads with highly overlapping niches in seasonal systems
Authors: Chaves C. J. N. , Rossatto D. R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBiotic and abiotic interactions are important factors that explain community assembly. For example, epiphytic communities are shaped by tree traits that can act as environmental filters, but also by positive and/or negative interactions among coexisting epiphytes on a tree.Here, we studied interactions among three widespread atmospheric bromeliads with overlapping niches (Tillandsia recurvata,T. tricholepisandT. pohliana), using experimental data about facilitation through seed capture, interspecific interaction during seed germination and competition among adult individuals. We aim to understand how species interactions are reflected in the natural coexisting patterns of epiphytes in communities at high and low tree densities.Tillandsia pohlianashowed higher facilitation by capturing almost all wind‐dispersing seeds, and had the largest reduction in seed germination in the presence of any adult individual, also presenting a relatively high rate of adult mortality in the presence of other individuals. Our results indicate higher colonisation ability forT. pohlianaand distinct strategies of rapid exploitation ofT. recurvataandT. tricholepisindividuals.In natural communities, the coexistence among atmospheric bromeliads may be hampered by dispersal limitations in wind‐dispersed epiphytes at high tree density conditions, but a negative effect ofT. recurvataonT. pohlianais still reflected in their reduced coexistence. However, competitive patterns observed in the experimental data may be overshadowed by a possible mass effect driving large communities under such conditions. Our results show the joint effect of positive interactions and high dispersal levels on the community patterns of atmospheric bromeliads.
The Spread and Domestication of the Term “Austerity:” Evidence from the Portuguese and Spanish Parliaments
Authors: Pi Ferrer Laia , Alasuutari Pertti 
Published: November 2019

This article explores what happens when the term “austerity” becomes a global catchword. Specifically, we study how this term has been used in national policy making in the Portuguese and Spanish parliaments from the 1970s until recently. We show that although Portugal and Spain were in a somewhat different situation regarding the 2008 economic crisis, the increased popularity of the term austerity occurred practically simultaneously in the Portuguese and Spanish parliaments. This suggests that the term's popularity in political debates is not solely determined by a nation's political or fiscal situation. Rather, our contention is that employing the term austerity to discuss government policies became a global fashion after the fiscal crisis of 2008. The study also shows why austerity became an increasingly popular concept: the term changed from being mainly used in fiscal policy to being commonly used in other policy areas too.Related ArticlesExadaktylos, Theofanis, and Nikolaos Zahariadis. 2014. “Quid pro Quo: Political Trust and Policy Implementation in Greece during the Age of Austerity.” Politics & Policy 42 (1): 160‐183. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12058Monza, Sabina, and Eva Anduiza. 2016. “The Visibility of the EU in the National Public Spheres in Times of Crisis and Austerity.” Politics & Policy 44 (3): 499‐524. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12163Sager, Fritz, and Markus Hinterleitner. 2016. “How do Credit Rating Agencies Rate? An Implementation Perspective on the Assessment of Austerity Programs during the European Debt Crisis.” Politics & Policy 44 (4): 783‐815. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12165