bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal Features of Storm Surge Activity and Its Response to Climate Change in the Southeastern Coastal Area of China in the Past 60 years
Authors: Ji Tao , Li Guosheng , Liu Yangxiaoyue , Liu Rui , Zhu Yunqiang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe present study investigates the temporal and spatial variation of storm surge activity at different temporal scales using reconstructed daily maximum storm surge levels in the southeastern coastal area of China for the past 60 years. Considering the surge height and the duration of storm surge, the comprehensive intensity of storm surge is proposed, namely Accumulated Storm Surge Potential Impact. The results show that with the intensification of climate warming, the intensity has increased rapidly, although the overall the frequency and duration of storm surges have not changed significantly. In relation to the spatial distribution of storm surge intensity, storm surge at different time scales (interannual and decadal) was mainly located in the areas of concentration of historical tropical cyclones landing and in subconcentration areas. In terms of climate change response, it is clear that the frequency, duration, and intensity of storm surges have increased significantly since the end of the 1980s. From the perspective of the spatial distribution of the climate tendency rate (it reflects the change trend of regional climatic elements) of storm surge intensity, the areas of increased intensity are mainly located in several concentrated areas where storm surge events occur frequently, while the weakened areas are also other areas where storm surges have rarely occurred. El Niño‐Southern Oscillation events have a certain effect on the frequency, duration, and intensity of storm surge activity, although the effect on intensity is more significant. The impact of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation on the frequency, duration, and intensity of storm surge activity at different phases was also different, with clear regional distribution features for each phase. In this way, we can make targeted preparations for disaster prevention and mitigation, and avoid further socio‐economic losses.
Long‐Term Monitoring of Energetic Protons at the Bottom of Earth’s Radiation Belt
Authors: Yoshioka K. , Miyoshi Y. , Kurita S. , Teramoto M. , Tsuchiya F. , Yamazaki A. , Murakami G. , Kimura T. , Kita H. , Yoshikawa I. , Kasaba Y. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe energetic particles in the Earth's radiation belt are known to fluctuate over various timescales. Although observations using satellites have been made for more than 50 years, there are few examples of continuous and long‐term observations at low altitude (<2,000 km) and in low L‐value (L < 2) regions, which are at the bottom of the inner radiation belt. This is because the orbits of satellites that are designed to cover large areas of the magnetosphere are not suitable for long‐term continuous observations at low altitudes. In this study, we focused on data from a space telescope that usually follows a low‐altitude circular orbit. The Hisaki space telescope, launched in 2013, continuously observes the planets from an altitude of ∼1,000 km (L‐value 1–2). By using the noise component counted on the photodetector of Hisaki as a radiation monitor, the flux variation of the high‐energy protons (energy > 30 MeV) in this orbit can be observed. The results show a clear dependence on solar activity. At around L = 2, it is found that the variation in the radiation belt proton flux is controlled by both the flux of the galactic cosmic rays and the neutral density of the thermosphere. The former one is the source process of high‐energy charged particles in the inner radiation belt, and the latter is the loss process due to the Coulomb collision. It is also found that the influence of galactic cosmic ray fluctuations becomes smaller as the L‐value moves closer to 1.
Evaluating the Ubiquity of Thresholds in Rainfall‐Runoff Response Across Contrasting Environments
Authors: Ross Cody A. , Ali Geneviève A. , Spence Christopher , Courchesne François 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThresholds in precipitation‐runoff relationships have been observed in numerous studies using scatter plots comparing meteorological factors and hydrologic response metrics. Most thresholds reported in the literature have been identified from relationships between meteorological factors that quantify volumes or depths of water (e.g., total event rainfall) and metrics capturing hydrologic response magnitude (e.g., runoff ratio), with a strong emphasis on hillslopes and catchments in temperate humid environments. Knowledge gaps, however, remain regarding the ubiquity of hydrologic thresholds across different climatic environments and different meteorological factors that affect different response metrics. This study therefore aimed to evaluate relationships for a wide range of meteorological factors and response metrics derived from event‐scale rainfall‐runoff analysis for 21 sites spanning seven contrasting geographic areas. Specifically, meteorological factors quantifying rainfall depth, rainfall intensity, and hydrologic abstractions related to evapotranspiration were considered, along with response metrics that describe response timing and response magnitude, leading to 4,557 relationships being evaluated. While rainfall depth thresholds were observed for most sites, rainfall intensity thresholds were also observed. Additionally, threshold behavior was shown to be sensitive to antecedent conditions over specific durations of time preceding a rainfall‐runoff event. The large number of relationships evaluated in this study allowed for the development of a typology of threshold dynamics and the formulation of hypotheses about dominant hydrological processes. This typology may not only promote standardized threshold descriptions but also make intersite comparisons of nonlinear rainfall‐runoff behavior easier.
Modeling the Transport of Aggregating Nanoparticles in Porous Media
Authors: Katzourakis Vasileios E. , Chrysikopoulos Constantinos V. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractA novel mathematical model was developed to describe the transport of nanoparticles in water saturated, homogeneous porous media with uniform flow. The model accounts for the simultaneous migration and aggregation of nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are assumed to be found suspended in the aqueous phase or attached reversibly or irreversibly onto the solid matrix. The Derjaguin‐Landau‐Verwey‐Overbeek theory was used to account for possible repulsive interactions between aggregates. Nanoparticle aggregation was represented by the Smoluchowski population balance equation (PBE). Both reaction‐limited aggregation and diffusion‐limited aggregation were considered. Particle‐size dependent dispersivity was accounted for. In order to overcome the substantial difficulties introduced by the PBE, the governing coupled partial differential equations were solved by employing adaptive operator splitting methods, which decoupled the reactive transport and aggregation into distinct physical processes. The results from various model simulations showed that the transport of nanoparticles in porous media is substantially different than the transport of conventional biocolloids. In particular, aggregation was shown to either decrease or increase nanoparticle attachment onto the solid matrix, depending on particle size, and to yield early or late breakthrough, respectively. Finally, useful conclusions were drawn regarding possible erroneous results generated when aggregation, particle‐size dependent dispersivity or nanoparticle surface charges are neglected.
Transport Mechanisms of Motile and Nonmotile Phytophthora cactorum Zoospores in Unsaturated Porous Media
Authors: Yu Yingxue , Elliott Marianne , Chowdhury Indranil , Flury Markus 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPhytophthora is a genus of plant pathogens that infects vegetables, crops, ornamentals, and trees. Phytophthora diseases in soil are facilitated by the rapid dispersal of zoospores, which come in two different forms, that is, motile biflagellate zoospores and nonmotile encysted zoospores. However, little is known about the mechanisms controlling zoospore dispersal, especially under unsaturated flow and in natural soil. Hence, we investigated the transport and retention of motile and nonmotile P. cactorum zoospores under unsaturated conditions in inert sand, disturbed soil, and undisturbed soil. Transport of carboxylate‐modified polystyrene microspheres in sand was studied to compare the zoospores to abiotic particles. Similar to microspheres, motile and nonmotile zoospores were affected by pore straining, wedging, settling, and fluid drag during transport due to their large size (6–10 μm). Decreased water saturation of porous media reduced accessible pore space, enhancing the retention of zoospores. Nonuniform flow in the undisturbed soil facilitated the transport of zoospores. Derjaguin‐Landau‐Verwey‐Overbeek calculations indicated unfavorable attachment of both motile and nonmotile zoospores to the solid‐water interface, and repulsion from the air‐water interface. Microscopic visualizations showed that motile zoospores bounced off the air‐water interface, and swam randomly around root and soil surfaces without being attached; however, they actively moved toward baits. Motile zoospores showed enhanced transport in porous media relative to nonmotile zoospores, suggesting that the flagella helped zoospores to actively avoid retention sites. The transport of Phytophthora zoospores in natural soil was limited, and natural soil acted as an effective filter confining Phytophthora dispersal in the top soil. However, macropores can be a conduit for the transport of zoospores, especially motile zoospores, to deeper soil layers.
LINC01106 post-transcriptionally regulates ELK3 and HOXD8 to promote bladder cancer progression
Authors: Meng Liwei , Xing Zhaoquan , Guo Zhaoxin , Liu Zhaoxu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBladder cancer (BCa) is a kind of common urogenital malignancy worldwide. Emerging evidence indicated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in the progression of BCa. In this study, we discovered a novel lncRNA LINC01116 whose expression increased with stages in BCa patients and closely related to the survival rate of BCa patients. However, the molecular mechanism dictating the role of LINC01116 in BCa has not been well elucidated so far. In our study, we detected that the expression of LINC01116 was boosted in BCa cells. Moreover, the results of a series of functional assays showed that LINC01116 knockdown suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of BCa cells. Thereafter, GEPIA indicated the closest correlation of LINC01116 with two protein-coding genes, ELK3 and HOXD8. Interestingly, LINC01116 was mainly a cytoplasmic lncRNA in BCa cells, and it could modulate ELK3 and HOXD8 at post-transcriptional level. Mechanically, LINC01116 increased the expression of ELK3 by adsorbing miR-3612, and also stabilized HOXD8 mRNA by binding with DKC1. Rescue experiments further demonstrated that the restraining influence of LINC01116 knockdown on the progression of BCa, was partly rescued by ELK3 promotion, but absolutely reversed by the co-enhancement of ELK3 and HOXD8. More intriguingly, HOXD8 acted as a transcription factor to activate LINC01116 in BCa. In conclusion, HOXD8-enhanced LINC01116 contributes to the progression of BCa via targeting ELK3 and HOXD8, which might provide new targets for treating patients with BCa.
Human iNSC-derived brain organoid model of lysosomal storage disorder in Niemann–Pick disease type C
Authors: Lee Seung-Eun , Shin Nari , Kook Myung Geun , Kong Dasom , Kim Nam Gyo , Choi Soon Won , Kang Kyung-Sun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRecent studies on developing three-dimensional (3D) brain organoids from stem cells have allowed the generation of in vitro models of neural disease and have enabled the screening of drugs because these organoids mimic the complexity of neural tissue. Niemann-Pick disease, type C (NPC) is a neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the NPC1 or NPC2. The pathological features underlying NPC are characterized by the abnormal accumulation of cholesterol in acidic compartments, including late endosomes and lysosomes. Due to the inaccessibility of brain tissues from human NPC patients, we developed NPC brain organoids with induced neural stem cells from NPC patient-derived fibroblasts. NPC organoids exhibit significantly reduced size and proliferative ability, which are accompanied by accumulation of cholesterol, impairment in neuronal differentiation, and autophagic flux and dysfunction of lysosomes; therefore, NPC organoids can recapitulate the main phenotypes of NPC patients. Furthermore, these pathological phenotypes observed in NPC organoids were reversed by treatment with valproic acid and HPBCD, which are known to be an effective treatment for several neurodegenerative diseases. Our data present patient-specific phenotypes in 3D organoid-based models of NPC and highlight the application of this model to drug screening in vitro.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Inhibition of EZH2 enhances the therapeutic effect of 5-FU via PUMA upregulation in colorectal cancer
Authors: Tan Xiao , Zhang Zhongqiang , Liu Ping , Yao Hongliang , Shen Liangfang , Tong Jing-Shan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlthough the survival rate of patients with cancer have increased due to the use of current chemotherapeutic agents, adverse effects of cancer therapy remain a concern. The reversal of drug resistance, reduction in harmful side effects and accelerated increase in efficiency have often been addressed in the development of combination therapeutics. Tazemetostat (EPZ-6438), a histone methyltransferase EZH2 selective inhibitor, was approved by the FDA for the treatment of advanced epithelioid sarcoma. However, the effect of tazemetostat on colorectal cancer (CRC) and 5-FU sensitivity remains unclear. In this study, the enhancement of tazemetostat on 5-FU sensitivity was examined in CRC cells. Our findings demonstrated that tazemetostat combined with 5-FU exhibits synergistic antitumor function in vitro and in vivo in CRC cells. In addition, tazemetostat promotes PUMA induction through the ROS/ER stress/CHOP axis. PUMA depletion attenuates the antitumor effect of the combination therapy. Therefore, tazemetostat may be a novel treatment to improve the sensitivity of tumors to 5-FU in CRC therapy. In conclusion, the combination of 5-FU and tazemetostat shows high therapeutic possibility with reduced unfavorable effects.
Delta-secretase triggers Alzheimer’s disease pathologies in wild-type hAPP/hMAPT double transgenic mice
Authors: Wu Zhourui , Liu Xia , Cheng Liming , Ye Keqiang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease with multifactorial pathologies including Aβ containing senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) consisted of aggregated Tau. Most of the AD patients are sporadic and the familial mutation hereditary patients are composed only 1% of all cases. However, the current AD mouse models employ mutated APP, PS1, or even Tau mutant, in order to display a portion of AD pathologies. Delta-secretase (legumain, or asparaginyl endopeptidase, AEP) simultaneously cleaves both APP and Tau and augments Aβ production and Tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation, contributing to AD pathogenesis. Here we show that δ-secretase is sufficient to promote prominent AD pathologies in wild-type hAPP/hMAPT double transgenic mice. We crossed hAPP l5 mice and hMAPT mice to generate double transgenic mouse model carrying both human wild-type APP and Tau. Compared to the single transgenic parents, these double transgenic mice demonstrated AD-related pathologies in one-year-old hAPP/hMAPT mice. Notably, overexpression of δ-secretase in hAPP/hMAPT double-transgenic mice evidently accelerated enormous senile plaques and NFT, associated with prominent synaptic defects and cognitive deficits. Hence, δ-secretase facilitates AD pathogenesis independent of any patient-derived mutation.
Radio halos in a mass-selected sample of 75 galaxy clusters
Authors: Cuciti V. , Cassano R. , Brunetti G. , Dallacasa D. , van Weeren R. J. , Giacintucci S. , Bonafede A. , de Gasperin F. , Ettori S. , Kale R. , Pratt G. W. , Venturi T. 
Published: December 2020

Context. Radio halos are synchrotron diffuse sources at the centre of a fraction of galaxy clusters. The study of large samples of clusters with adequate radio and X-ray data is necessary to investigate the origin of radio halos and their connection with the cluster dynamics and formation history.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to compile a well-selected sample of galaxy clusters with deep radio observations to perform an unbiased statistical study of the properties of radio halos.
Methods. We selected 75 clusters with M ≥ 6 × 1014 M⊙ at z = 0.08 − 0.33 from the Planck Sunyaev-Zel’dovich catalogue. Clusters without suitable radio data were observed with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope and/or the Jansky Very Large Array to complete the information about the possible presence of diffuse emission. We used archival Chandra X-ray data to derive information on the clusters’ dynamical states.
Results. This observational campaign led to the detection of several cluster-scale diffuse radio sources and candidates that deserve future follow-up observations. Here we summarise their properties and add information resulting from our new observations. For the clusters where we did not detect any hint of diffuse emission, we derived new upper limits to their diffuse flux.
Conclusions. We have built the largest mass-selected (> 80% complete in mass) sample of galaxy clusters with deep radio observations available to date. The statistical analysis of the sample, which includes the connection between radio halos and cluster mergers, the radio power – mass correlation, and the occurrence of radio halos as a function of the cluster mass, will be presented in Paper II.
An atlas of MUSE observations towards twelve massive lensing clusters
Authors: Richard Johan , Claeyssens Adélaïde , Lagattuta David , Guaita Lucia , Bauer Franz Erik , Pello Roser , Carton David , Bacon Roland , Soucail Geneviève , Lyon Gonzalo Prieto , Kneib Jean-Paul , Mahler Guillaume , Clément Benjamin , Mercier Wilfried , Variu Andrei , Tamone Amélie , Ebeling Harald , Schmidt Kasper B. , Nanayakkara Themiya , Maseda Michael , Weilbacher Peter M. , Bouché Nicolas , Bouwens Rychard J. , Wisotzki Lutz , de la Vieuville Geoffroy , Martinez Johany , Patrício Vera 
Published: December 2020

Context. Spectroscopic surveys of massive galaxy clusters reveal the properties of faint background galaxies thanks to the magnification provided by strong gravitational lensing.
Aims. We present a systematic analysis of integral-field-spectroscopy observations of 12 massive clusters, conducted with the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE). All data were taken under very good seeing conditions (∼0″​​.6) in effective exposure times between two and 15 h per pointing, for a total of 125 h. Our observations cover a total solid angle of ∼23 arcmin2 in the direction of clusters, many of which were previously studied by the MAssive Clusters Survey, Frontier Fields (FFs), Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space and Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble programmes. The achieved emission line detection limit at 5σ for a point source varies between (0.77–1.5) × 10−18 erg s−1 cm−2 at 7000 Å.
Methods. We present our developed strategy to reduce these observational data, detect continuum sources and line emitters in the datacubes, and determine their redshifts. We constructed robust mass models for each cluster to further confirm our redshift measurements using strong-lensing constraints, and identified a total of 312 strongly lensed sources producing 939 multiple images.
Results. The final redshift catalogues contain more than 3300 robust redshifts, of which 40% are for cluster members and ∼30% are for lensed Lyman-α emitters. Fourteen percent of all sources are line emitters that are not seen in the available HST images, even at the depth of the FFs (∼29 AB). We find that the magnification distribution of the lensed sources in the high-magnification regime (μ = 2–25) follows the theoretical expectation of N(z) ∝ μ−2. The quality of this dataset, number of lensed sources, and number of strong-lensing constraints enables detailed studies of the physical properties of both the lensing cluster and the background galaxies. The full data products from this work, including the datacubes, catalogues, extracted spectra, ancillary images, and mass models, are made available to the community.
„Ich sehe es tatsächlich als Zwischenschritt“ – eine qualitative Analyse der Implementierungsbedingungen und -hürden von Stationsäquivalenter Behandlung in Berlin und Brandenburg
Authors: Schwarz Julian , Bechdolf Andreas , Hirschmeier Constance , Hochwarter Stefan , Holthoff-Detto Vjera , Mühlensiepen Felix , Richter Christoph , Rout Sandeep , Weinmann Stefan , Heinze Martin , von Peter Sebastian 
Published: December 2020

ZusammenfassungZiel Untersucht werden die Bedingungen und Hürden der Einführung von Stationsäquivalenter Behandlung nach § 115d SGB V (StäB).Methode Qualitative Analyse von Interviews und Fokusgruppen mit Mitarbeitenden (n = 43) an 11 psychiatrischen Kliniken in Berlin/Brandenburg.Ergebnisse Auf Systemebene wird die Implementierung u. a. durch eine inadäquate Leistungsdefinition, fehlende Vorgaben auf Landesebene, Personalmangel und MDK-Prüfungen erschwert. Dies führt bei Kliniken zu zurückhaltender Umsetzung mit teilweise unzureichender personeller Ausstattung der StäB-Teams. Weitere Barrieren betreffen das Fehlen mobiler Lösungen zur Dokumentation und Teamkommunikation. Auf Ebene der Mitarbeitenden wirken sich ein Mangel an Information und Kooperation sowie unklare Aufgaben und Rollen hinderlich aus.Schlussfolgerungen Für eine bedürfnisorientierte, flexible und flächendeckende Einführung von StäB sind Nachbesserungen an den Rahmenbedingungen sowie weitere Forschung zur Wirksamkeit und Implementierung notwendig.
EFSUMB 2020 Proposal for a Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound-Adapted Bosniak Cyst Categorization – Position Statement
Authors: Cantisani Vito , Bertolotto Michele , Clevert Dirk-André , Correas Jean-Michel , Drudi Francesco Maria , Fischer Thomas , Gilja Odd Helge , Granata Antonio , Graumann Ole , Harvey Christopher J. , Ignee Andre , Jenssen Christian , Lerchbaumer Markus Herbert , Ragel Matthew , Saftoiu Adrian , Serra Andreas L. , Stock Konrad Friedrich , Webb Jolanta , Sidhu Paul S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe well-established Bosniak renal cyst classification is based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography determining the malignant potential of cystic renal lesions. Ultrasound has not been incorporated into this pathway. However, the development of ultrasound contrast agents coupled with the superior resolution of ultrasound makes it possible to redefine the imaging of cystic renal lesions. In this position statement, an EFSUMB Expert Task Force reviews, analyzes, and describes the accumulated knowledge and limitations and presents the current position on the use of ultrasound contrast agents in the evaluation of cystic renal lesions.