bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wrinkled‐Surface‐Induced Memristive Behavior of MoS2 Wrapped GaN Nanowires
Authors: Ji Yu‐Hang , Huang An‐Ping , Yang Meng‐Qi , Gao Qin , Yang Xiu‐Li , Chen Xue‐Liang , Wang Mei , Xiao Zhi‐Song , Wang Ru‐Zhi , Chu Paul K. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract1D memristors with nonvolatile memristive characteristics have large potential in brain‐like neuromorphic computation and digital logic circuits. Herein, a novel memristive device based on wrinkled MoS2 wrapped GaN nanowires (NWs) with a spray‐coated Ag NWs network top electrode is described. The memristive device shows good stability/durability and retention characteristics for 798 cycles and 3.4 × 103 s, respectively, together with low switching voltages. A memristive model based on filament formation/rupture in the wrinkled surface of the NWs is proposed by analyzing the conductive characteristics and surface structure. Bipolar resistive switching is governed by the electric field associated with the wrinkled structure giving rise to migration of oxygen ions along the wrinkled surface of the NWs. The results enrich the knowledge pertaining to the design and optimization of memristors composed of NWs and also provide insights into the memristive behavior of memristors composed of 1D materials.
Aqueous Redox Flow Battery Suitable for High Temperature Applications Based on a Tailor‐Made Ferrocene Copolymer
Authors: Borchers Philipp S. , Strumpf Maria , Friebe Christian , Nischang Ivo , Hager Martin D. , Elbert Johannes , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWater‐soluble, and ferrocene‐containing methacrylamide copolymers with different comonomer ratios of the solubility‐promoting comonomer [2‐(methacryloyloxy)‐ethyl]‐trimethylammonium chloride (METAC) are synthesized in order to obtain a novel, temperature‐stable electrolyte for aqueous redox flow batteries. The electrochemical properties of one chosen polymer are studied in detail by cyclic voltammetry and rotating disc electrode (RDE) investigations. Additionally, the diffusion coefficient and the charge transfer rate are obtained from these measurements. The diffusion coefficient from RDE is compared to the value from synthetic boundary experiments at battery concentrations, using an analytical ultracentrifuge, yielding diffusion coefficients of a similar order of magnitude. The polymer is further tested in a redox flow battery setup. While performing charge and discharge experiments against the well‐established bis‐(trimethylammoniumpropyl)‐viologen, the polymer reveals high columbic efficiencies of >99.8% and desirable apparent capacity retention, both at room temperature as well as at 60 °C. Further experiments are conducted to verify the stability of the active compounds under these conditions in both charge states. Lastly, the electrochemical behavior is linked to the characteristics of the polymers concerning absolute values of the molar mass and diffusion coefficients.
Pressure relief of nonideal mixtures: Composition trajectories and residue curve maps
Authors: Dillon Paul 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDuring the course of a pressure relief discharge from a vessel containing a multicomponent liquid mixture, composition changes occur that affect the properties of the vessel contents. In this work, a model of the dynamic relief process for ternary, nonideal, homogeneous mixtures is developed, under the assumption of vapor‐only venting. Opening/reclosing of the relief valve introduces state‐events, which require reinitialization of the model at each state transition. The relationship between the pressure relief model and the concept of residue curves, which describe simple‐distillation processes, is demonstrated. It is known that the presence of azeotropes and distillation boundaries in mixtures restricts the composition trajectories of simple‐distillation processes, as well as continuous distillation columns at total reflux. In this work, the residue‐curve analogy is extended to vapor‐only pressure‐relief, where vapor composition changes directly affect the operation of the pressure‐relief device. Examples of dynamic relief processes are developed for ternary mixtures with varying nonideality.
Multisite supply planning for drug products under uncertainty
Authors: Sampat Apoorva M. , Kumar Ranjeet , Pushpangatha Kurup Remya , Chiu Kawa , Saucedo Victor M. , Zavala Victor M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the pharmaceutical industry, the goal of a supply planner is to make efficient capacity allocation decisions that ensure an uninterrupted supply of drug products to patients and to maintain product inventory levels close to the target stock. This task can be challenging due to the limited availability of manufacturing assets, uncertainties in product demand, fluctuations in production yields, and unplanned site downtimes. It is not uncommon to observe uneven distribution of product inventories with some products carrying excess inventories, while other products may be close to a stockout. Maintaining high stock levels can have economic repercussions due to the risk of expiration of unused products (whereas products facing a stockout can adversely affect the treatment regimen of patients). The network complexity of pharmaceutical supply‐chains coupled with regulatory constraints and siloed planning systems force supply planners to rely on manual (error‐prone) decision‐making processes. Such an approach results in suboptimal capacity allocation and inventory management decisions. In this work, we propose a stochastic optimization methodology for the production scheduling of multiple drug products in lyophilization units across multiple sites. The framework leverages information obtained from historical and forecast data to generate scenarios of uncertain parameters (e.g., yield, demand, and downtimes) that can realize in the future. The optimization model determines a product filling schedule that maintains product stock levels close to targets under diverse scenarios. We show that this approach helps in avoiding reactive scheduling and in maintaining a more robust production plan than deterministic procedures (which ignore uncertainty). Specifically, planning under a stochastic optimization approach reduces the number of scenarios under which backlogs are observed and also reduces the magnitude of the backlogs.
Treatment of acquired hemophilia A, a balancing act: results from a 27‐year Dutch cohort study
Authors: Schep Sarah J. , van Dijk Wobke E. M. , Beckers Erik A. M. , Meijer Karina , Coppens Michiel , Eikenboom Jeroen , Leebeek Frank W. G. , van Vulpen Lize F. D. , Fischer Kathelijn F. , Schutgens Roger E. G. ,   The Dutch Society of Haemophilia Treaters, The Netherlands
Published: September 2020

AbstractAcquired hemophilia A (AHA) is a severe auto‐immune bleeding disorder. Treatment of AHA is burdensome and optimal management is still unresolved. Therefore a retrospective nationwide multi‐center cohort study (1992‐2018) was performed to evaluate clinical presentation and treatment efficacy and safety of AHA in the Netherlands. Multivariate logistic and Cox regression analysis was used to study independent associations between patient characteristics and clinical outcomes. A total of 143 patients (median age 73 years; 52.4% male) were included with a median follow‐up of 16.8 months (IQR 3.6‐41.5 months). First‐line immunosuppressive treatment was mostly steroid monotherapy (67.6%), steroids/cyclophosphamide (11.9%) and steroids/rituximab (11.9%), with success rates of 35.2%, 80.0% and 66.7% respectively, P < .05. Eventually 75% of patients achieved complete remission (CR). A high anti‐FVIII antibody titer, severe bleeding and steroid monotherapy were associated with lower CR rates. Infections, the most important adverse event, occurred significantly more often with steroid combination therapy compared to steroids alone (38.7% vs 10.6%; P = .001). Overall mortality was 38.2%, mostly due to infections (19.2%) compared to 7.7% fatal bleeds. Advanced age, underlying malignancy and ICU admission were predictors for mortality. This study showed that AHA is characterized by significant disease‐related and treatment‐related morbidity and mortality. A high anti‐FVIII titer, severe bleeding and steroid monotherapy were associated with a lower CR rate. The efficacy of steroid combination therapies however, was overshadowed by higher infection rates and infections represented the most important cause of death. The challenging and delicate balance between treatment effectivity and safety requires ongoing monitoring of AHA and further identification of prognostic markers.
Extremity anomalies associated with Robinow syndrome
Authors: Abu‐Ghname Amjed , Trost Jeffrey , Davis Matthew J. , Sutton V. Reid , Zhang Chaofan , Guillen Diana E. , Carvalho Claudia M. B. , Maricevich Renata S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRobinow syndrome, a rare genetic disorder, is characterized by skeletal dysplasia with, among other anomalies, extremity and hand anomalies. There is locus heterogeneity and both dominant and recessive inheritance. A detailed description of associated extremity and hand anomalies does not currently exist due to the rarity of this syndrome. This study seeks to document the hand anomalies present in Robinow syndrome to allow for improved rates of timely and accurate diagnosis. A focused assessment of the extremities and stature was performed using clinical examination and standard photographic images. A total of 13 patients with clinical and molecular diagnosis consistent with dominant Robinow syndrome or recessive Robinow syndrome were evaluated. All patients had limb shortening, the most common of which was mesomelia; however, rhizomelia and micromelia were also seen. These findings are relevant to clinical characterization, particularly as Robinow syndrome has classically been defined as a “mesomelic disorder.” A total of eight distinct hand anomalies were identified in 12 patients with both autosomal recessive and dominant forms of Robinow syndrome. One patient did not present with any hand differences. The most common hand findings included brachydactyly, broad thumbs, and clinodactyly. A thorough understanding of the breadth of Robinow syndrome‐associated extremity and hand anomalies can aid in early patient identification, improving rates of timely diagnosis and allowing for proactive management of sequelae.
Extrusion of polypropylene/chitosan/poly(lactic‐acid) films: Chemical, mechanical, and thermal properties
Authors: Quiroz‐Castillo Jesús M. , Rodríguez‐Félix Dora E. , Romero‐García Jorge , Madera‐Santana Tomás J. , Encinas‐Encinas José C. , Castillo‐Ortega María M. , Cabrera‐Germán Dagoberto , Lizárraga‐Laborín Lauren L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDevelopment of extruded films composed of biopolymers blended with synthetic polymers aims to minimize the environmental impact of plastic waste‐materials and lead to the sustainable plastic industry. To produce biodegradable polymeric blends, the weight content of biopolymers must be maximum without compromising the performance properties of the extruded films. Using a solvent‐free extrusion method, films composed of polypropylene, poly(lactic‐acid), and Chitosan, can be obtained with the use of polypropylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride and glycerol as compatibilizer and plasticizer, respectively. Extruded films with up to a 50 wt% content of biopolymers show acceptable thermal and mechanical properties, where the use of compatibilizer improves the processing characteristics and homogeneous distribution of chitosan throughout the films. Therefore, the extruded films can be considered as alternatives to conventional synthetic‐polymer films, due to their acceptable mechanical and thermal properties with direct potential applications in extrusion‐method mass production of biodegradable polymers.
Performance of biomimetic coating modified fiber incorporated styrene butadiene styrene modified asphalt
Authors: Li Jing , Su Zhibin , Huang Junxian , Feng Weijie , Wei Tingyang , Meng Kun , Muhammad Yaseen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study reports the effect of polydopamine bionic coating and γ‐methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH570) composite modified polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber as a secondary modifier on the performance of styrene‐butadiene‐styrene (SBS) modified asphalt. Dynamic shear rheometer test indicated the complex shear modulu, storage modulus, and loss modulus of modified PAN (KD‐PAN) incorporated SBS modified asphalt was increased by 12.4, 20.5, and 11.2%, respectively compared with PAN/SBS modified asphalt. The master curve of G* of fiber/SBS composite modified asphalt shows that the deformation resistance of KD‐PAN/SBS modified asphalt is greater than that of PAN/SBS modified asphalt in the entire loading frequency range. The cone penetration test showed significantly enhanced shear strength of KD‐PAN/SBS modified asphalt. The adhesion work test results and SEM images of interface between fiber and SBS modified asphalt revealed that the adhesion effect of KD‐PAN and SBS modified asphalt is better than that of PAN and SBS modified asphalt. SEM and AFM images of fiber further showed that the fiber surface becomes rough after modification. The increased surface roughness of KD‐PAN facilitated the adherence of SBS modified asphalt to it, which in turn led to the enhanced performance of KD‐PAN/SBS composite modified asphalt at the same fiber content and temperature.
Further Insights on Structural Modifications of Muramyl Dipeptides to Study the Human NOD2 Stimulating Activity
Authors: Cheng Wei‐Chieh , You Ting‐Yun , Teo Zhen‐Zhuo , Sayyad Ashik A. , Maharana Jitendra , Guo Chih‐Wei , Liang Pi‐Hui , Lin Chung‐Shun , Meng Fan‐Chun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA series of muramyl dipeptide (MDP) analogues with structural modifications at the C4 position of MurNAc and on the d‐iso‐glutamine (isoGln) residue of the peptide part were synthesized. The C4‐diversification of MurNAc was conveniently achieved by using CuAAC click strategy to conjugate an azido muramyl dipeptide precursor with structurally diverse alkynes. d‐Glutamic acid (Glu), replaced with isoGln, was applied for the structural diversity through esterification or amidation of the carboxylic acid. In total, 26 MDP analogues were synthesized and bio‐evaluated for the study of human NOD2 stimulation activity in the innate immune response. Interestingly, MDP derivatives with an ester moiety are found to be more potent than reference compound MDP itself or MDP analogues containing an amide moiety. Among the varied lengths of the alkyl chain in ester derivatives, the MDP analogue bearing the d‐glutamate dodecyl (C12) ester moiety showed the best NOD2 stimulation potency.
Rapid and Selective Labeling of Endogenous Transmembrane Proteins in Living Cells with a Difluorophenyl Ester Affinity‐Based Probe
Authors: Chan Hsin‐Ju , Lin Xin‐Hui , Fan Syuan‐Yun , Ru Hwu Jih , Tan Kui‐Thong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe long‐term stability of affinity‐based protein labeling probes is crucial to obtain reproducible protein labeling results. However, highly stable probes generally suffer from low protein labeling efficiency and pose significant challenges when labeling low abundance native proteins in living cells. In this paper, we report that protein labeling probes based on an ortho‐difluorophenyl ester reactive module exhibit long‐term stability in DMSO stock solution and aqueous buffer, yet they can undergo rapid and selective labeling of native proteins. This novel electrophile can be customized with a wide range of different protein ligands and is particularly well‐suited for the labeling and imaging of transmembrane proteins. With this probe design, the identity and relative levels of basal and hypoxia‐induced transmembrane carbonic anhydrases were revealed by live cell imaging and in‐gel fluorescence analysis. We believe that the extension of this difluorophenyl ester reactive module would allow for the specific labeling of various endogenous membrane proteins, facilitating in‐depth studies of their distribution and functions in biological processes.
The synchronization of complex dynamical networks with discontinuous dynamics and exogenous disturbances
Authors: Feng Jianwen , Zhang Le , Wang Jingyi , Zhao Yi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper considers the synchronization of a class of delayed and nonlinearly coupled complex networks that are subject to discontinuous dynamics and exogenous disturbances. One distinguishing feature of this class of complex networks is the non‐continuous nature of their node dynamics so that the usual Lipschitz and other relative conditions are not satisfied and that the existence of continuously differentiable solutions is not guaranteed. Both nondelayed and delayed networks in this class are considered. Some sufficient criteria of synchronization are obtained under a new controller using the Lyapunov stability theory of nonsmooth dynamical systems. Two numerical simulations are given to illustrate our main theoretical findings.
Robust nonlinear model predictive control for automatic train operation based on constraint tightening strategy
Authors: Jia Chao , Xu Hongze , Wang Longsheng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper studies the problem of automatic train operation (ATO) robust nonlinear model predictive control under considering multiple objectives and constraints. After establishing a nonlinear multipoint model with uncertain bounded disturbance, a robust nonlinear model predictive control algorithm to meet the punctuality of train operation and energy consumption for ATO is proposed based on constraint tightening strategy. Moreover, theoretical analysis of the feasibility and stability for the speed loop system are presented. Then, with the objective of reference electromagnetic torque tracking and low switching frequency, a model predictive direct torque control algorithm with one‐step delay compensation is proposed. Feasibility of the proposed algorithm is ensured by using deadlock prediction method, and convergence analysis of the torque loop is given simultaneously. Lastly, the effectiveness of these two algorithms are verified by numerical simulation.
Digital Behavioral Phenotyping Detects Atypical Pattern of Facial Expression in Toddlers with Autism
Authors: Carpenter Kimberly L. H. , Hahemi Jordan , Campbell Kathleen , Lippmann Steven J. , Baker Jeffrey P. , Egger Helen L. , Espinosa Steven , Vermeer Saritha , Sapiro Guillermo , Dawson Geraldine 
Published: September 2020

Commonly used screening tools for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) generally rely on subjective caregiver questionnaires. While behavioral observation is more objective, it is also expensive, time‐consuming, and requires significant expertise to perform. As such, there remains a critical need to develop feasible, scalable, and reliable tools that can characterize ASD risk behaviors. This study assessed the utility of a tablet‐based behavioral assessment for eliciting and detecting one type of risk behavior, namely, patterns of facial expression, in 104 toddlers (ASD N = 22) and evaluated whether such patterns differentiated toddlers with and without ASD. The assessment consisted of the child sitting on his/her caregiver's lap and watching brief movies shown on a smart tablet while the embedded camera recorded the child's facial expressions. Computer vision analysis (CVA) automatically detected and tracked facial landmarks, which were used to estimate head position and facial expressions (Positive, Neutral, All Other). Using CVA, specific points throughout the movies were identified that reliably differentiate between children with and without ASD based on their patterns of facial movement and expressions (area under the curves for individual movies ranging from 0.62 to 0.73). During these instances, children with ASD more frequently displayed Neutral expressions compared to children without ASD, who had more All Other expressions. The frequency of All Other expressions was driven by non‐ASD children more often displaying raised eyebrows and an open mouth, characteristic of engagement/interest. Preliminary results suggest computational coding of facial movements and expressions via a tablet‐based assessment can detect differences in affective expression, one of the early, core features of ASD.Lay SummaryThis study tested the use of a tablet in the behavioral assessment of young children with autism. Children watched a series of developmentally appropriate movies and their facial expressions were recorded using the camera embedded in the tablet. Results suggest that computational assessments of facial expressions may be useful in early detection of symptoms of autism.
Modeling water‐energy tradeoffs for cultivating algae for biofuels in a semi‐arid region with fresh and brackish water supplies
Authors: Mayer Alex , Tavakoli Hossein , Fessel Doan Ceily , Heidari Azad , Handler Robert 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe analyze water‐energy tradeoffs for hypothetical algae production for biofuel feedstock in the US‐Mexico middle Rio Grande watershed with a coupled water, salinity, and algae biomass balance model. Suitable areas for algae cultivation in the region are selected and associated with fresh or brackish groundwater sources. We examine the potential of using two algae species with markedly different energy content and tolerance to salinities. Location‐specific water quality and time‐varying climate variables were important when analyzing water‐energy tradeoffs for each species. In this regional study, water demand rates for the salinity‐tolerant species were similar to rates for conventional local crops, whereas the salinity‐sensitive species’ values exceeded local demand rates. Optimizing the spatial selection of species resulted in water footprint reductions of as much as 18%. Water demand rates and footprints are highly sensitive to salinity and temperature tolerance and thus local variations in water quality and seasonal variations in climate. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Production, Processing, and Characterization of Synthetic AAV Gene Therapy Vectors
Authors: El Andari Jihad , Grimm Dirk 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOver the last two decades, gene therapy vectors based on wild‐type Adeno‐associated viruses (AAV) are safe and efficacious in numerous clinical trials and are translated into three approved gene therapy products. Concomitantly, a large body of preclinical work has illustrated the power and potential of engineered synthetic AAV capsids that often excel in terms of an organ or cell specificity, the efficiency of in vitro or in vivo gene transfer, and/or reactivity with anti‐AAV immune responses. In turn, this has created a demand for new, scalable, easy‐to‐implement, and plug‐and‐play platform processes that are compatible with the rapidly increasing range of AAV capsid variants. Here, the focus is on recent advances in methodologies for downstream processing and characterization of natural or synthetic AAV vectors, comprising different chromatography techniques and thermostability measurements. To illustrate the breadth of this portfolio, two chimeric capsids are used as representative examples that are derived through forward‐ or backwards‐directed molecular evolution, namely, AAV‐DJ and Anc80. Collectively, this ever‐expanding arsenal of technologies promises to facilitate the development of the next AAV vector generation derived from synthetic capsids and to accelerate their manufacturing, and to thus boost the field of human gene therapy.