bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total laparoscopic partial hepatectomy versus open partial hepatectomy for primary left-sided hepatolithiasis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: pan bo shu , WU LI CHUN , zhou chen da , xiong ru qi , geng ping xiao , hou hui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : The advantages of laparoscopic left-sided hepatectomy (LLH) for treating hepatolithiasis in terms of the time to functional recovery , postoperative length of hospital stay (LOS), morbidity, long-term abdominal wall hernias, hospital costs, residual stone rate and recurrence of calculus have not been confirmed by a randomized controlled trial. The aim of this trial is to compare the safety and effectiveness of LLH to those of open left-sided hepatectomy (OLH) for the treatment of hepatolithiasis. Methods: Patients with hepatolithiasis eligible for left-sided hepatectomy will be recruited. The experimental design will produce two randomized arms (laparoscopic and open hepatectomy) at a 1:1 ratio and a prospective registry. All patients will undergo surgery in the setting of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program. The prospective registry will be based on patients who cannot be randomized because of the explicit treatment preference of the patient or surgeon or because of ineligibility (not meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria) for randomization in this trial. The primary outcome is the time to functional recovery. The secondary outcomes are LOS, percentage readmission, morbidity, mortality, hospital costs, long-term incidence of incisional hernias, residual stone rate and recurrence of calculus. It will be assumed that, in patients undergoing LLH, the length of hospital stay will be reduced by 1.3 days. A sample size of 44 patients in each randomization arm has been calculated as sufficient to detect a 1.3-day reduction in LOS (90% power and α = 0.05 (two-tailed)). The trial is a randomized controlled trial that will provide evidence for the merits of laparoscopic surgery in patients undergoing liver resection within an ERAS program. Discussion: Although the outcomes of LLH have been proven to be comparable to those of OLH in retrospective studies, the use of LLH remains restricted, partly due to the lack of short-and long-term informative RCTs pertaining to patients with hepatolithiasis in ERAS programs. To evaluate the surgical and long-term outcomes of LLH, we will perform a prospective RCT to compare LLH with OLH for hepatolithiasis within an ERAS program. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03958825 . Keywords: Laparoscopic, open liver resection, ERAS, Hepatectomy
Treating depression with a smartphone-delivered self-help cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia: Study protocol for a parallel group randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hui Victoria Ka-Ying , Wong Christy Yim-Fan , Ka-Yiu Eric , Ho Fiona Yan-Yee , Chan Christian S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Depression is a major public health concern. Emerging research has shown that cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is effective in treating individuals with comorbid insomnia and depression. Traditional face-to-face CBT-I encounters many obstacles related to feasibility, accessibility, and help-seeking stigma. CBT-I delivered via smartphone application could be a potential solution. This paper aims to report a protocol designed to evaluate the efficacy of a self-help smartphone-based CBT-I, compared to a waitlist control, for people with major depression and insomnia. Methods A two-arm parallel randomized controlled trial is conducted in a target sample of 285 non-suicidal Hong Kong Chinese older than 17 years of age with major depression and insomnia. Participants complete an online rapid screening, followed by a telephone diagnostic interview. Those who meet the eligibility criteria are randomized in a ratio of 1:1 to receive either CBT-I immediately or to a waitlist control condition. The CBT-I consists of six weekly modules and is delivered through a smartphone application proACT-S. This smartphone app has been pilot tested and revamped to improve user experience. An online randomized algorithm is used to perform randomization to ensure allocation concealment. The primary outcomes are changes over the measurement points in sleep quality, insomnia severity, and depression severity. The secondary outcomes include changes over the measurement points in anxiety, subjective health, treatment expectancy, and acceptability of treatment. Assessments are administered at baseline, post-intervention, and 6-week follow up. The recruitment is underway. Important adverse events, if any, are documented. Multilevel linear mixed model based on intention-to-treat principle will be conducted to examine the efficacy of the CBT-I interventions. Discussion It is expected that proACT-S is an efficacious brief sleep-focused self-help treatment for people with major depression and insomnia. If proven efficacious, due to its self-help nature, proACT-S may be applicable as a community-based early intervention, reducing the burden of the public healthcare system in Hong Kong.
Acute kidney injury following on-pump or off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in elderly patients: a retrospective propensity score matching analysis
Authors: wang rui , Wang Xian , Zhu Yifan , Chen Wen , Li Liangpeng , Chen Xin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives This single-centre, retrospective propensity score matching (PSM) study designed to study the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and the relationship between AKI and long-term outcomes in elderly patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods After PSM, 466 pairs of patients (A group, on-pump; B group, off-pump) who were aged≥70 years undergoing first isolated CABG surgery from January 2012 to December 2016 entered the study. AKI was defined and classified according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria. The incidence and severity of in-hospital AKI was compared. The impacts of AKI on the long-term outcomes including new onset of dialysis and mortality were analyzed. Results The two PSM groups had similar baseline and procedure except whether the CPB was used or not. In hospital and 30-day mortality was of no difference(χ2=0.051, p=0.821). AKI of any severity occurred in 40.3% of all patients, with stage 1 accounting for most cases. No difference regarding the incidence and severity of AKI could be found: AKIN stage 1: 139 (29.8%) vs 131 (28.1%); AKIN stage 2: 40 (8.6%) vs 35 (7.5%); AKIN stage 3: 18 (3.9%) vs 13 (2.8%), (u=0.543, p=0.532). No difference was observed in the in-hospital new onset of dialysis (χ2=0.312, P=0.576). The use of CPB was not found to influence long-term new onset of dialysis (χ2=0.14, p=0.708) and mortality (χ2=0.099, p=0.753). Comparing with non-AKI patients, AKI patients were associated with an increased rates of new onset of dialysis (χ2=8.153, p=0.004) and mortality (χ2=6.277, p=0.012) during the follow-up. Comparing with non-AKI patients, the HR for long-term new onset of dialysis and mortality in AKI patients was 1.83 and 1.31 respectively (95%CI 1.12-2.86, p=0.007; 95%CI 1.17-2.58, p=0.015). Conclusions For elderly CABG patients, AKI was common, but deterioration of dialysis was a seldom incidence. Comparing with on-pump, off-pump did not decrease the rates or severity of AKI, long-term new onset of dialysis or mortality. AKI was associated with an increased long-term new onset of dialysis and decreased long-term survival.
Ic100: A Novel Anti-ASC Monoclonal Antibody Improves Functional Outcomes In An Animal Model Of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Desu Haritha L , Plastini Melanie , Illiano Placido , Bramlett Helen M , Dietrich W. Dalton , Vaccari Juan Pablo de Rivero , Brambilla Roberta , Keane Robert W. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The inflammasome adaptor apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) is involved in immune signaling by bridging the interactions between inflammasome sensors and caspase-1. Strong experimental evidence has shown that ASC -/- mice are protected from disease progression in animal models of multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting that targeting inflammasome activation via ASC inhibition may be a promising therapeutic strategy in MS. Thus, the goal of our study is to test the efficacy of IC100, a novel humanized antibody targeting ASC, in preventing and/or suppressing disease in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of MS.Methods We employed the EAE model of MS where disease was induced by immunization of C57BL/6 mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide 35-55 (MOG 35-55 ). Mice were treated with vehicle or increasing doses of IC100 (10, 30 and 45 mg/kg) and clinical disease course was evaluated up to 35 days post EAE induction. Immune cell infiltration into the spinal cord and microglia responses were assessed.Results We show that IC100 treatment reduced the severity of EAE when compared to vehicle-treated controls. At a dose of 30 mg/kg, IC100 significantly reduced the number of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells and CD11b + MHCII + activated myeloid cells entering the spinal cord from the periphery, and reduced the number of total and activated microglia.Conclusions These data indicate that IC100 suppresses the immune-inflammatory response that drives EAE development and progression, thereby identifying ASC as a promising target for the treatment of MS as well as other neurological diseases with a neuroinflammatory component.
Multiple HPV infection as possible marker of neoplastic progression
Authors: Bruno Maria Teresa , Scalia Guido , Cassaro Nazario , Boemi Sara 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : Some studies in the literature suggest a possible role of multiple HPV infections as a prognostic factor in the development and progression of cervical neoplasia. we studied the cases of single and multiple HPV infection and analyzed the correlation with negative cases, and preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix with the aim of making a contribution to the prognostic factor under discussion Methods: 921 women with clinical HPV manifestations were enrolled. Inclusion criteria were: positive at the cytology for HPV lesions, presence of preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the uterine cervix diagnosed by the histology examination All the patients underwent colposcopy and cervical biopsy with viral genotyping. The search for viral DNA was carried out using polymerase chain reaction. Genotype 16 is correlated with the majority of CIN2+; we divided the multiple HPV16 infections into “infections with 16 as the first genotype” (16mHPV) (e.g. HPV 16 , 31, 52) and into “ infections containing 16” (m16HPV) (e.g. HPV 31, 16 , 52), we then divided them based on the number of genotypes present: infections with 2 strains, 3 strains, 4 strains, and > 4 strains. Results: We analyzed the differences between single and multiple infections with HPV16, the patients with single infections had a higher incidence of CIN2+ (83.3%) with respect to those with multiple infections (71.4%). The 16mHPV infection was significative for CIN2/CIN3. When the prevalence of the combinations between the genotypes was studied, we found that in 16mHPV infection HPV16, 18 and HPV 16, 31 were the most common combinations of mHPV infection (50%) and the most frequent in CIN2/CIN3 The 16mHPV infection with 2 genotypes, with respect to the infections with 3 or more genotypes, was significative with an OR= 7.94 (IC% 2.55-24.73). Conclusions: Our results suggest that single HPV infections give a higher risk of SCC development with respect to multiple HPV infections. Among multiple infections, only 16mHPV infection with 2 genotypes is associated with CIN2/CIN3 in a significative way and it presents an 8 times greater risk of developing a high grade lesion.
Overexpressing the WRKY transcription factor OsWRKY97 improves drought tolerance in rice
Authors: lv Miaomiao , Hou Dejia , Ye Taozhi , Zhang Lin , Fan Jiangbo , Li Chunliu , Dong Yilun , Chen Wenqian , Rong Songhao , Sun Yihao , Xu Jinghong , Cai Liangjun , Gao Xiaoling , Zhu Jianqing , Huang Zhengjian , Xu Zhengjun , Li Lihua 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: WRKY transcription factor (TF) is one of the largest TF families in plants and plays an important role in plant development and stress protection. However, the function of individual WRKY gene in plants are still under investigation. Here, we identified a new member of WRKY TF family, OsWRKY97 , and analyze its role in stress resistance by using a series of transgenic plant lines.Results: OsWRKY97 , which positively regulates drought tolerance in rice. OsWRKY97 was expressed in all examined tissues and could be induced by various abiotic stresses. OsWRKY97 is located in the nucleus. Compared with the wild-type (WT), OsWRKY97 -overexpressing (OE) plants enhanced the tolerance of rice to drought and osmotic stress. In addition, OE plants also showed higher sensitivity to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA). When exposed to drought stress, up-regulation OsWRKY97 increased the accumulation of ABA and reduced water loss. Furthermore, OE plants achieved higher proline content and reduced levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The homeostasis of ROS was maintained via the activity of active oxygen scavenging enzyme, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), activated by OsWRKY97Conclusions: These results indicate that OsWRKY97 plays a crucial role in the response to drought stress and may possess high potential value in improving drought tolerance in rice.
Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from broilers in Shandong, China
Authors: Zhao Xiaonan , Hu Ming , Zhang Qing , Zhao Cui , Zhang Yin , Li Lulu , Qi Jing , Luo Yanbo , Zhou Dong , Liu Yuqing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Salmonella spp. are one of the most important foodborne bacterial pathogens in human beings and animals. The prevalence of Salmonella from broilers in Shandong, China and antimicrobial susceptibility of these isolates was determined. Results From May to October 2018, 600 samples collected, 67 Salmonella isolates were recovered with an isolation rate of 11.2%. The most common serovars were S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium. The highest incidence of resistance observed were for PB (100%), and AMP (68.7%), and the MDR Salmonella isolate rate was 53.7%. Four β-lactamase genes were detected among the isolates, all the isolates carried bla TEM (67/67, 100%), followed by bla OXA (19/67, 28.4%), bla CTX-M (17/67, 25.4%), and bla PSE (7/67, 10.4%); four plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes were detected among the isolates, the prevalent resistance genes was aac(6’)-Ib-cr (18/67, 26.9%), followed by oqxB (9/67, 13.4%), qnrB (6/67, 9.0%), and qnrD (1/67, 1.5%); the prevalent rate of mcr -1 was 6.0%(4/67). Class 1 integrons were detected in 26.9% of these isolates and contained seven groups of resistance gene cassettes. MLST analysis revealed seven sequence types, and ST11 was the most frequent sequence types. Conclusions This study indicated that reduction of Salmonella and strict control on the use of antibiotics in more than 5000 million broilers in Shandong are the vitally important measure to keep public health.
Testosterone interrupts binding of Neurexin and Neuroligin that are expressed in a highly socialized rodent, Octodon degus.
Authors: Yagishita-Kyo Nan , Ikai Yuki , Uekita Tomoko , Shinohara Akio , Koshimoto Chihiro , Yoshikawa Keisuke , Maruyama Kei , Yagishita Sosuke 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Octodon degus is said to be one of the most human-like rodents because of its improved cognitive function. Notably, it has a complicated vocal communication system. Focusing on its highly developed sociality, we cloned and characterized some sociality-related genes of degus, in order to establish degus as a highly socialized animal model in molecular biology. We cloned degus Neurexin and Neuroligin as sociality-related genes, which are genetically related to autism spectrum disorder in human. They bind to each other at synaptic cleft, and this intercellular binding is also important for regulation of social behavior. Interestingly, amino acid sequences of Neurexin and Neuroligin expressed in degus brain, are highly conserved to that of human sequences. Most notably, degus Neuroligin4 is highly similar to human Neuroligin4X, which is one of the most important autism-related genes. Mouse neuroligin4 is known to be poorly similar to human Neuroligin4X, leading to the difficulty of Neuroligin4X investigation. Furthermore, our work also indicated that testosterone directly binds to degus Neurexin and intercepts intercellular Neurexin-Neuroligin binding. This effect of testosterone is unique in that it directly affects to protein function without hormone receptor signaling. Moreover, it is of high interest that testosterone is another key molecule of the higher incidence of autism in male. These results indicated that degus has the potential for animal model of sociality, and furthermore may promote understanding toward the pathogenic mechanism of autism.
Fli1 deficiency suppresses RALDH1 activity of dermal dendritic cells and related induction of regulatory T cells: a possible role in scleroderma
Authors: Miura Shunsuke , Saigusa Ryosuke , Yamashita Takashi , Nakamura Kouki , Hirabayashi Megumi , Miyagawa Takuya , Yoshizaki Ayumi , Trojanowska Maria , Sato Shinichi , Asano Yoshihide 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (RALDH1)-producing dermal dendritic cells (DCs), a conventional DC subset regulating skin fibrosis, are decreased in the involved skin of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). In this study, we investigated the contribution of Fli1 deficiency, a potential predisposing factor of SSc, to the phenotypical alteration of RALDH1-producing dermal DCs by using SSc model mice and SSc skin samples. Methods Bleomycin (BLM)-induced skin fibrosis was generated with Fli1+/- and wild-type mice. The proportions of DC and CD4+ T cell subsets were determined by flow cytometry in the dermis of BLM-treated mice. Fli1 expression in dermal DCs was evaluated by immunofluorescence with skin samples of SSc and healthy control subjects. Results RALDH activity of dermal DCs was significantly decreased in BLM-treated Fli1+/- mice compared with BLM-treated wild-type mice, whereas the proportion of CD103-CD11b- dermal DCs, a major DC subset producing RALDH1 in response to BLM injection, was comparable between groups. Relevant to this finding, the proportion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the dermis was decreased in BLM-treated Fli1+/- mice relative to BLM-treated wild-type mice, while the proportions of Th1, Th2 and Th17 cells were unaltered. In the involved skin of SSc patients, Fli1 was downregulated in CD11c+ cells, including dermal DCs. Conclusions Fli1 deficiency inhibits RALDH1 activity of CD103-CD11b- dermal DCs and related induction of Tregs in BLM-treated mice. Considering Fli1 reduction in SSc dermal DCs, Fli1deficiency may impair the dermal DC-Treg system, contributing to the development of skin fibrosis in SSc.
The effect of uricase on monosodium urate (MSU) crystallization, IL-1β and TNFα in monosodium urate-induced arthritis
Authors: Chen Yongmian , Liang Chengjie , Wang Rui , He Yiquan , Xiao Mingya , Jing Dongdong , Xu Gaoqi , Huang Ting , Li Mei , Zhou Shenpeng , Huang Qiongxiao , Zheng Shuyu , Fu xi , Quan Guan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : Although the symptoms of gouty arthritis could be controlled by clinical methods, it is often impossible to remove tophi from joints that cause acute gouty arthritis. Methods : In study, we injected a suspension of MSU into the knee joint of chicken, and then injected uricase solution into the joint after 4, 8 and 12 hours. Since the beginning of the experiment, we monitored the circumference of the diseased joint and local temperature change. Computer tomography(CT) examination was performed to examine the MSU in the knee joints and then measured the levels of TNFα and IL-1β in synovial fluid. Chicken knee joint fluid was collected under polarized light microscope to observe the condition of the crystals and measured the weight of MSU residued in synovial fluid. Finally, the chicken knee joint was dissected and the joint synovium was sliced. Results : The results showed that injection of MSU suspension into chicken knee joint, significantly increased IL-1β, TNFα levels (p<0.01), circumference of the joint (p<0.05) and the local skin temperature (p<0.05). Moreover, analysis of the joint fluid and synovial slice under the polarized light microscope revealed that crystals significantly reduced. Compared with groupⅡ(control group), the residual weight of MSU in the joint fluid of group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ is very small(p<0.05), but there is no significant difference between group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ(p＞0.05). Conclusions : The comprehensive analysis shows that the reaction process between uricase and MSU is similar to that uric acid. Therefore, it provides a new way for clinical treatment of acute gouty arthritis with fewer side effects and significant reduction in the frequency of attacks.
A Chinese Case Series of Schnitzler Syndrome and Complete Remission in One Tocilizumab-treated Patient
Authors: Yan Ruyu , Cao Wei , Liu Xinchao , Li Feng , Shen Min 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Schnitzler syndrome (SchS) is a rare acquired systemic autoinflammatory disease. The major clinical features of SchS are urticarial rush and monoclonal gammopathy, accompanied by fever, joint pain and lymphadenopathy. There were few reports about SchS in Chinese population. Herein, we describe two patients with SchS in China and conducted a systematic literature review about SchS. Methods: Two Chinese Han patients were diagnosed as SchS in our department from 2017 to 2019. Their phenotype and genotype were carefully documented and studied. We also conducted a systematic literature review about SchS. Results: There were one man and one woman with an average disease-onset age of 52. Recurrent fever and urticarial rash occurred in both of them during the febrile attacks and normalized in asymptomatic intervals. Other manifestations included arthritis/arthralgia, lymphadenopathy and hearing loss. Hepatic cirrhosis and epilepsy were seen in one patient. None of them had bone pain or family histories. Serum monoclonal IgM gammopathy was found in both patients. MyD88 gene mutation L258P was identified in one patient. They were treated with tocilizumab and tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) respectively and both showed good response. Conclusions: The rarity and diversity of SchS makes it difficult to be recognized. The patient in our study was the first SchS with concomitant liver and neural damage. Anti-IL-6 agents and TwHF may be alternative therapies when anti-IL-1 therapy is unresponsive or unavailable.
Capturing different perspectives on integrated urban water management issues
Authors: Guthrie Lachlan , Furlong Casey , De Silva Saman 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Integrated urban water management (IUWM) involves a complex web of organisational interactions. Each organisation has its own priorities and unique perceptions of problems. This study offers two contributions to the research on this topic. First, 14 major issues in IUWM infrastructure planning were determined through industry consultation and a literature review. Second, an industry survey investigated which issues were most important to which organisations, and results show significant differences across organisational types. While there were significant differences between organisational types, the survey found that across the entire sector, most issues were ranked similarly in importance with two clear outliers, collaboration and integration being clearly the most important and post-evaluation the least. If the industry can develop an understanding of these differences in organisational perspectives, it will provide a starting point for better collaboration in integrated water infrastructure planning processes.