bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usage Metrics of Web-Based Interventions Evaluated in Randomized Controlled Trials: Systematic Review
Authors: Koneska Elena , Appelbe Duncan , Williamson Paula R , Dodd Susanna 
Published: January 2020

Background
The evaluation of web-based interventions (defined as an intervention that can be downloaded or accessed on the internet through a web browser) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has increased over the past two decades. Little is known about how participants’ use of the intervention is measured, reported, and analyzed in these studies.

Objective
This study aimed to review the evaluation of web-based interventions in RCTs, assessing study characteristics and the methods used to record, and adjust for, intervention usage.

Methods
A systematic review of the literature was undertaken to identify all published reports of RCTs that involved a web-based intervention. A random sample of 100 published trials was selected for detailed data extraction. Information on trial characteristics was extracted, including whether web usage data were recorded, and if so, the methods used to gather these data and whether these data were used to inform efficacy analyses.

Results
A PubMed search identified 812 trials of web-based interventions published up to the end of 2017 and demonstrated a growing trend over time. Of the 100 studies reviewed, 90 studies collected web usage data, but more than half (49/90, 54%) of these studies did not state the method used for recording web usage. Only four studies attempted to check on the reliability of their web usage data collection methods. A total of 39% (35/90) studies reported patterns or levels of web intervention use, of which 21% (19/90) studies adjusted for intervention use in their outcome analysis, but only two of these used appropriate statistical methods.

Conclusions
Trialists frequently report a measure of web-based intervention usage but do not always report the collection method or provide enough detail on their analysis of web usage. Appropriate statistical methods to account for intervention use are rarely used and are not well reported even in the very few trials in which they are used. The number of trialists who attempt to check on the reliability of their web usage collection methods is extremely low.
The Effect of a Customized Nutrient-Profiling Approach on the Glycated Hemoglobin Levels of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Alrige Mayda , Alharbey Riad , Chatterjee Samir 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundPresently, dietary management approaches are mostly oriented toward using calorie-counting and diet-tracking tools that draw our attention away from the nutritional value of our food. To improve individuals’ dietary behavior, primarily that of people with type 2 diabetes, a simple technique is needed to increase their understanding of the nutritional content of their food.ObjectiveThis study aimed to design, develop, and evaluate a customized nutrient-profiling tool called EasyNutrition. EasyNutrition was built to introduce the new concept of nutrient profiling by applying the Intelligent Nutrition Engine, an algorithm that we developed for ranking different food recipes based on their nutritional value. This study also aimed to investigate the efficacy of EasyNutrition in lowering glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and improving dietary habits among people with type 2 diabetes.MethodsWe evaluated the utility of EasyNutrition using design science research in three sequential stages. This paper has elaborated on the third stage to investigate the efficacy of EasyNutrition in managing type 2 diabetes. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in a diabetes treatment center (n=28). The intervention group utilized EasyNutrition over 3 months, whereas participants in the control group utilized the standard of care provided by the center. Dietary habits and HbA1c levels were measured to capture any change before and after experimenting with EasyNutrition.ResultsThe intervention group (n=9) exhibited a statistically significant change between the pre- and postexposure results of their HbA1c (t9=2.427; P=.04). Their HbA1c dropped from 8.13 to 6.72. This provided preliminary evidence of the efficacy of using a customized nutrient-profiling app in reducing HbA1c for people with type 2 diabetes.ConclusionsThis study adds to the evidence base that a nutrient-profiling strategy may be a modern adjunct to diabetes dietary management. In conjunction with reliable dietary education provided by a registered dietician, EasyNutrition may have some beneficial effects to improve the dietary habits of people with type 2 diabetes.
British South Asian Patients’ Perspectives on the Relevance and Acceptability of Mobile Health Text Messaging to Support Medication Adherence for Type 2 Diabetes: Qualitative Study
Authors: Prinjha Suman , Ricci-Cabello Ignacio , Newhouse Nikki , Farmer Andrew 
Published: January 2020

Background
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is greater in South Asian populations and health outcomes are poorer compared with other ethnic groups. British South Asians are up to six times more likely to have T2D than the general population, to develop the condition at a younger age, and to experience diabetes-related complications. Interventions to support people in managing their condition can potentially reduce debilitating complications. Evidence to support the use of digital devices in T2D management, including mobile phones, has shown positive impacts on glycemic control. There is increasing recognition that health interventions that are culturally adapted to the needs of specific groups are more likely to be relevant and acceptable, but evidence to support the effectiveness of adapted interventions is limited and inconclusive.

Objective
This formative study aimed to explore the perceptions and views of British South Asian patients with T2D on mobile health SMS text messaging to support medication adherence, aimed at the general UK population.

Methods
Eight exploratory focus groups were conducted in Leicester, the United Kingdom, between September 2017 and March 2018. A diverse sample of 67 adults took part.

Results
British South Asian people with T2D who use digital devices, including mobile phones, felt that short messages to support medication adherence would be acceptable and relevant, but they also wanted messages that would support other aspects of self-management too. Participants were particularly interested in content that met their information needs, including information about South Asian foods, commonly used herbs and spices, natural and herbal approaches used in the United Kingdom and in South Asia, and religious fasting. Short messages delivered in English were perceived to be acceptable, often because family members could translate for those unable to read or understand the messages. Suggestions to support patients unable to understand short messages in English included having them available in different formats, and disseminated in face-to-face groups for those who did not use digital devices.

Conclusions
Exploring the views of British South Asian patients about SMS text messaging aimed at the general UK population is important in maximizing the potential of such an intervention. For such a digital system to meet the needs of UK South Asian populations, it may also have to include culturally relevant messages sent to those who opt to receive them. It is equally important to consider how to disseminate message content to patients who do not use digital devices to help reduce health inequalities.
The Development of the Military Service Identification Tool: Identifying Military Veterans in a Clinical Research Database Using Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning
Authors: Leightley Daniel , Pernet David , Velupillai Sumithra , Stewart Robert J , Mark Katharine M , Opie Elena , Murphy Dominic , Fear Nicola T , Stevelink Sharon A M 
Published: January 2020

Background
Electronic health care records (EHRs) are a rich source of health-related information, with potential for secondary research use. In the United Kingdom, there is no national marker for identifying those who have previously served in the Armed Forces, making analysis of the health and well-being of veterans using EHRs difficult.

Objective
This study aimed to develop a tool to identify veterans from free-text clinical documents recorded in a psychiatric EHR database.

Methods
Veterans were manually identified using the South London and Maudsley (SLaM) Biomedical Research Centre Clinical Record Interactive Search—a database holding secondary mental health care electronic records for the SLaM National Health Service Foundation Trust. An iterative approach was taken; first, a structured query language (SQL) method was developed, which was then refined using natural language processing and machine learning to create the Military Service Identification Tool (MSIT) to identify if a patient was a civilian or veteran. Performance, defined as correct classification of veterans compared with incorrect classification, was measured using positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity, F1 score, and accuracy (otherwise termed Youden Index).

Results
A gold standard dataset of 6672 free-text clinical documents was manually annotated by human coders. Of these documents, 66.00% (4470/6672) were then used to train the SQL and MSIT approaches and 34.00% (2202/6672) were used for testing the approaches. To develop the MSIT, an iterative 2-stage approach was undertaken. In the first stage, an SQL method was developed to identify veterans using a keyword rule–based approach. This approach obtained an accuracy of 0.93 in correctly predicting civilians and veterans, a positive predictive value of 0.81, a sensitivity of 0.75, and a negative predictive value of 0.95. This method informed the second stage, which was the development of the MSIT using machine learning, which, when tested, obtained an accuracy of 0.97, a positive predictive value of 0.90, a sensitivity of 0.91, and a negative predictive value of 0.98.

Conclusions
The MSIT has the potential to be used in identifying veterans in the United Kingdom from free-text clinical documents, providing new and unique insights into the health and well-being of this population and their use of mental health care services.
Deploying Patient-Facing Application Programming Interfaces: Thematic Analysis of Health System Experiences
Authors: Neinstein Aaron , Thao Crishyashi , Savage Mark , Adler-Milstein Julia 
Published: January 2020

Background
Health systems have recently started to activate patient-facing application programming interfaces (APIs) to facilitate patient access to health data and other interactions.

Objective
This study sought to ascertain health systems’ understanding, strategies, governance, and organizational infrastructure around patient-facing APIs, as well as their business drivers and barriers, to facilitate national learning, policy, and progress toward adoption.

Methods
We performed a content analysis of semistructured interviews with a convenience sample of 10 health systems known to be leading adopters of health technology, having either implemented or planning to implement patient-facing APIs.

Results
Of the 10 health systems, eight had operational patient-facing APIs, with organizational strategy driven most by federal policy, the emergence of Health Records on iPhone, and feelings of ethical obligation. The two priority use cases identified were enablement of a patient’s longitudinal health record and digital interactions with the health system. The themes most frequently cited as barriers to the increased use of patient-facing APIs were security concerns, an immature app ecosystem that does not currently offer superior functionality compared with widely adopted electronic health record (EHR)–tethered portals, a lack of business drivers, EHR vendor hesitation toward data sharing, and immature technology and standards.

Conclusions
Our findings reveal heterogeneity in health system understanding and approaches to the implementation and use of patient-facing APIs. Ongoing study, targeted policy interventions, and sharing of best practices appear necessary to achieve successful national implementation.
Unibody Endograft Using AFX 2 for Less Invasive and Faster Endovascular Aortic Repair: Protocol for a Multicenter Nonrandomized Study
Authors: Silingardi Roberto , Sirignano Pasqualino , Andreoli Francesco , Mansour Wassim , Migliari Mattia , Speziale Francesco ,   LIVE Study Collaborators
Published: January 2020

Background
Since the introduction of endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), progressive improvements in results have been achieved. However, conventional bifurcated stent grafts have been proven to have a nonnegligible risk of failure and secondary intervention, principally due to the lack of adequate proximal sealing. The unique AFX 2 Endovascular AAA System (Endologix, Irvine, CA) unibody device, which provides different sealing and fixation features compared with conventional devices, seems to overcome these limitations.

Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate intraoperative, perioperative, and postoperative results in patients treated with the AFX 2 Endovascular AAA System endografts for elective AAA repair in a large cohort of consecutive patients.

Methods
All eligible EVAR patients will be included in this observational, multicenter, prospective, nonrandomized study. The number of patients to be enrolled is 500.

Results
The primary endpoint of the study is to evaluate the technical and clinical success of EVAR with unibody endografts in short- (90-day), mid- (1-year), and long-term (5-year) follow-up periods. The following secondary endpoints will also be addressed: operative time, intraoperative radiation exposure, contrast medium usage, AAA sac shrinkage at 12-month and 5-year follow-up, and any potential role of patients’ baseline characteristics and device configuration on primary endpoint. The actual start date of the investigation was November 2019. The final patient is expected to be treated by the end of December 2020, and the estimated study completion date is December 2025.

Conclusions
This study will provide verified real-world data on AAAs treated by AFX 2 endografts and followed for a long-term interval.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/16959
How Behavior Change Strategies are Used to Design Digital Interventions to Improve Medication Adherence and Blood Pressure Among Patients With Hypertension: Systematic Review
Authors: Etminani Kobra , Tao Engström Arianna , Göransson Carina , Sant’Anna Anita , Nowaczyk Sławomir 
Published: January 2020

Background
Information on how behavior change strategies have been used to design digital interventions (DIs) to improve blood pressure (BP) control or medication adherence (MA) for patients with hypertension is currently limited.

Objective
Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and can be controlled with appropriate medication. Many interventions that target MA to improve BP are increasingly using modern digital technologies. This systematic review was conducted to discover how DIs have been designed to improve MA and BP control among patients with hypertension in the recent 10 years. Results were mapped into a matrix of change objectives using the Intervention Mapping framework to guide future development of technologies to improve MA and BP control.

Methods
We included all the studies regarding DI development to improve MA or BP control for patients with hypertension published in PubMed from 2008 to 2018. All the DI components were mapped into a matrix of change objectives using the Intervention Mapping technique by eliciting the key determinant factors (from patient and health care team and system levels) and targeted patient behaviors.

Results
The analysis included 54 eligible studies. The determinants were considered at two levels: patient and health care team and system. The most commonly described determinants at the patient level were lack of education, lack of self-awareness, lack of self-efficacy, and forgetfulness. Clinical inertia and an inadequate health workforce were the most commonly targeted determinants at the health care team and system level. Taking medication, interactive patient-provider communication, self-measurement, and lifestyle management were the most cited patient behaviors at both levels. Most of the DIs did not include support from peers or family members, despite its reported effectiveness and the rate of social media penetration.

Conclusions
This review highlights the need to design a multifaceted DI that can be personalized according to patient behavior(s) that need to be changed to overcome the key determinant(s) of low adherence to medication or uncontrolled BP among patients with hypertension, considering different levels including patient and healthcare team and system involvement.
Identifikasi dan Perancangan Pengendali PID Menggunakan Penduga ARX Sistem Pemanas Udara (Halaman 1 s.d. 5)
Authors: Khuriati R.S. Ainie 
Published: January 2020

Pada makalah ini digunakan metodologi estimasi Auto-Regression model with eXogeneous inputs (ARX) untuk merancang pengendali PID yang digunakan untuk mengendalikan suhu pemanas udara. Masukan tangga dikenakan terhadap system pemanas dan data suhu udara dikirim ke MATLAB melalui system akuisisi data. Data yang diperoleh digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi model proses dalam bentuk ARX. Parameter PID diperoleh dengan meminimalkan integral galat (IAE, ISE, ITSE, dan ITAE,).
Analisis Spektrum Energi dan Fungsi Gelombang Potensial Non-Sentral Poschl-Teller Termodifikasi plus Potensial Scarf Trigonometri Menggunakan Persamaan Hipergeometri (Halaman 41 s.d. 47)
Authors: - Suparmi , Yuliani Hadma , Yuniati Dwi 
Published: January 2020

Spektrum energi dan fungsi gelombang untuk potensial non-sentral dianalisis secara intensif. Persamaan hipergeometri digunakan untuk menganalisa spektrum energi dan fungsi gelombang untuk potensial non-sentral Poschl-Teller termodifikasi dan Scarf II trigonometri. Spektrum energi dan fungsi gelombang radial yang diperoleh hanya bersifat pendekatan karena dimasukkannya faktor sentrifugal dan diperoleh dari persamaan Schrodinger bagian radial, sedangkan fungsi gelombang bagian sudut dan bilangan kuantum orbital diperoleh dari persamaan Schrodinger bagian sudut. Fungsi gelombang bagian radial dan bagian sudut yang diperoleh dinyatakan dalam polinomial hipergeometri.
Sintesis Nanopartikel Nickel Ferrite (NiFe2O4) dengan Metode Kopresipitasi dan Karakterisasi Sifat Kemagnetannya (Halaman 20 s.d. 25)
Authors: - Muflihatun , Shofiah Siti , Suharyadi Edi 
Published: January 2020

Nanopartikel Nikel Ferit (NiFe2O4) telah disintesis dengan metode kopresipitasi dengan memvariasi konsentrasi NaOH dan suhu sintesis. Struktur kristal, ukuran partikel, dan morfologi dari sampel dianalisa menggunakan X-ray diffraction (XRD) dan transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Ukuran butir pada konsentrasi NaOH 3, 5, dan 10 M masing-masing adalah 5,7; 4,3; dan 4,2 nm, sedangkan pada suhu 60, 80, dan 150°C berturut-turut adalah 4,2; 4,9; dan 5,5 nm. Analisa fourier transform infrared (FTIR) menunjukkan dua puncak serapan pada rentang ~400-600 cm-1 yang terkait dengan site oktahedral dan tetrahedral pada struktur NiFe2O4. Sifat magnetik NiFe2O4 hasil analisa vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) menunjukkan bahwa sampel berperilaku ferromagnetik dengan nilai koersivitasnya pada rentang 42-47 Oe. Sampel dengan variasi konsentrasi NaOH, koersivitasnya cenderung menurun dengan menurunnya ukuran partikel. Sementara sampel dengan variasi suhu, semakin kecil ukuran partikel, koersivitasnya cenderung meningkat. Pada 15 kOe, nilai magnetisasi terbesar (6,17 emu/g) diperoleh pada sampel dengan rasio fasa α-Fe2O3 paling rendah.
Analisis Sifat Optis Lapisan Tipis ZnO, TiO2, TiO2:ZnO, dengan dan Tanpa Lapisan Penyangga yang Dideposisikan Menggunakan Metode Sol-Gel Spray Coating (Halaman 41 s.d. 44)
Authors: Amananti Wilda , Sutanto Heri 
Published: January 2020

Pada penelitian ini lapisan tipis TiO2, ZnO, TiO2:ZnO, dengan dan tanpa lapisan penyangga telah berhasil di deposisi di atas subtrat kaca menggunakan metode sol-gel dengan teknik spray coating. Sifat optik lapisan tipis TiO2, ZnO, TiO2:ZnO, dengan dan tanpa lapisan penyangga dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa kualitas lapisan tipis TiO2:ZnO yang ditumbukan di atas subtrat kaca lebih baik dari pada lapisan tipis TiO2 dan lapisan tipis yang ditumbuhkan pada lapisan penyangga ZnO lebih baik daripada lapisan tipis yang ditumbuhkan langsung pada substrat kaca. Selain itu dengan adanya lapisan penyangga dapat memperkecil celah pita energi lapisan tipis. Besarnya celah pita energi lapisan tipis TiO2, ZnO, TiO2:ZnO, ZnO/TiO2, ZnO/TiO2:ZnO masing masing secara berturut-turut adalah 3,2 eV; 3,12 eV; 3,08 eV; 3,04 eV dan 3,0 eV.
Standardisasi 129I menggunakan sistem koinsidensi γ(NaI) – γ(NaI) (Halaman 20 s.d. 24)
Authors: - Pujadi , Wurdiyanto Gatot 
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian standardisasi secara absolut radionuklida 129I menggunakan sistem koinsidensi γ(NaI) – γ(NaI) dengan metode perunut. Radionuklida 129I memancarkan radiasi foton yang tidak serempak atau peluruhan bukan cascade, sehingga pengukuran aktivitas menggunakan metode koinsidensi memerlukan radionuklida lain sebagai perunut. 125I digunakan sebagai perunut karena peluruhannya serempak dan mempunyai kesamaan sifat kimia serta kesesuaian daerah energi foton yaitu pada 27 – 40 keV. Sumber 125I dan 129I dalam bentuk cairan Kalium Iodida (KI) dalam H20, masing-masing dipreparasi sendiri-sendiri menjadi cuplikan sumber bentuk titik padat dalam bentuk AgI dengan menambahkan AgNO3. Berat cuplikan ditentukan secara gravimetri, berat masing-masing berkisar antara 10 - 30 mg setiap cuplikan. Tahap pertama dilakukan penentuan aktivitas perunut, menggunakan sistem koinsidensi γ(NaI) – γ(NaI). Pengukuran dilakukan pada daerah puncak energi gamma tunggal 13 – 42 keV (single peak). Tahap kedua dilakukan pengukuran sumber campuran 129I dan 125I (sandwiched), menggunakan peralatan dan seting yang sama dengan kondisi pengukuran aktivitas perunut. Hasil pengukuran aktivitas 129I menggunakan perunut 125I, diperoleh aktivitas sebesar 998,56 ± 1,01% Bq/gr dengan waktu acuan 1 agustus 2012. Nilai aktivitas 129I tersebut bersesuaian dengan hasil pengukuran aktivitas PTB – Jerman menggunakan kamar pengionan-4πγ, dengan perbedaan 0,14%.
Kajian Penggunaan Arduino dan Komputer Sebagai Osiloskop
Authors: Sulistya Eko 
Published: January 2020

Perkembangan teknologi elektronika, khususnya dalam bidang mikrokontroler sangatlah pesat dengan dibuatnya satu modul elektonik yang dinamakan dengan Arduino. Dalam Arduino terdapat berbagai fungsi, misalnya sebagai penerima sensor suhu, cahaya, suara, dan lain sebagainya, juga sebagai ADC (Analog to Digital Converter), dan sebagai pembangkit sinyal digital. Dengan kemampuan Arduino yang bisa menerima tegangan analog, ada kemungkinan bahwa Arduino dapat digunakan sebagai osiloskop, dengan komputer (laptop) sebagai penampil sinyalnya. Pemanfaatan Arduino sebagai osiloskop telah dilakukan oleh beberapa orang, salah satunya adalah yang dibuat oleh Rogerio Bego, menggunakan pemrograman Processing. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan modifikasi pada program osiloskop itu, dan dilakukan serangkaian pengujian untuk menguji apakah osiloskop-arduino dapat digunakan dalam Eksperimen Fisika Dasar. Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah dalam mengukur frekuensi dan tegangan sinyal analog dari frekuensi generator menggunakan osiloskop-arduino. Dari pengujian tersebut diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa osiloskop-arduino mampu menampilkan sinyal analog dengan cukup baik dan responsif, namun masih belum akurat jika digunakan sebagai alat ukur sebagaimana osiloskop analog. Oleh karena itu masih memerlukan pengembangan program untuk bisa digunakan sebagai alat bantu Eksperimen Fisika Dasar.