bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short‐term surgical complications after radical hysterectomy—A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Wenzel Hans H. B. , Kruitwagen Roy F. P. M. , Nijman Hans W. , Bekkers Ruud L. M. , van Gorp Toon , de Kroon Cornelis D. , van Lonkhuijzen Luc R. C. W. , Massuger Leon F. A. G. , Smolders Ramon G. V. , van Trommel Nienke E. , Yigit Refika , Zweemer Ronald P. , van der Aa Maaike A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionCentralization has, among other aspects, been argued to have an impact on quality of care in terms of surgical morbidity. Next, monitoring quality of care is essential in identifying areas of improvement. This nationwide cohort study was conducted to determine the rate of short‐term surgical complications and to evaluate its possible predictors in women with early‐stage cervical cancer.Material and methodsWomen diagnosed with early‐stage cervical cancer, 2009 FIGO stages IB1 and IIA1, between 2015 and 2017 who underwent radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy in 1 of the 9 specialized medical centers in the Netherlands, were identified from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Women were excluded if primary treatment consisted of hysterectomy without parametrial dissection or radical trachelectomy. Women in whom radical hysterectomy was aborted during the procedure, were also excluded. Occurrence of intraoperative and postoperative complications and type of complications, developing within 30 days after surgery, were prospectively registered. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of surgical complications.ResultsA total of 472 women were selected, of whom 166 (35%) developed surgical complications within 30 days after radical hysterectomy. The most frequent complications were urinary retention with catheterization in 73 women (15%) and excessive perioperative blood loss >1000 mL in 50 women (11%). Open surgery (odds ratio [OR] 3.42; 95% CI 1.73‐6.76), chronic pulmonary disease (OR 3.14; 95% CI 1.45‐6.79), vascular disease (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.07‐3.38), and medical center (OR 2.83; 95% CI 1.18‐6.77) emerged as independent predictors of the occurrence of complications. Body mass index (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.89‐1.00) was found as a negative predictor of urinary retention. Open surgery (OR 36.65; 95% CI 7.10‐189.12) and body mass index (OR 1.15; 95% CI 1.08‐1.22) were found to be independent predictors of excessive perioperative blood loss.ConclusionsShort‐term surgical complications developed in 35% of the women after radical hysterectomy for early‐stage cervical cancer in the Netherlands, a nation with centralized surgical care. Comorbidities predict surgical complications, and open surgery is associated with excessive perioperative blood loss.
"It's probably nothing, but…" Couples' experiences of pregnancy following an uncertain prenatal genetic result
Authors: Lou Stina , Lomborg Kirsten , Lewis Celine , Riedijk Sam , Petersen Olav Bjørn , Vogel Ida 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionA common concern regarding the introduction of chromosomal microarray in prenatal testing is the concomitant identification of an uncertain copy number variant (CNV) where significance and clinical implication for the unborn child can be difficult or impossible to predict. Following the identification of an uncertain CNV, prospective parents may decide to continue the pregnancy. The aim of this study was to explore how prospective parents manage uncertainty and experience pregnancy in light of an uncertain CNV result.Material and methodsQualitative interviews with 16 women and 10 partners who had received a prenatally diagnosed, uncertain CNV. Participants were recruited from the Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark and most were interviewed in their homes 1‐14 weeks after birth. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsFollowing the CNV diagnosis, some couples focused on the severe syndromes ruled out by the result, whereas others were more concerned with the new potential risks, for example, learning disabilities. Most couples did not remember the actual diagnosis, but all described a number of attention points generated by the CNV result. During pregnancy, the couples used various strategies to limit worry and enjoy their pregnancy, such as limiting information seeking, reducing talk of the CNV, and deferring thoughts of potential consequences. Furthermore, ultrasound was considered a valuable resource for reducing worry as it provided reassurance about the development of the baby. Inherited CNVs caused relief on one hand, but also feelings of responsibility for the child's potential challenges. After birth, worry decreased considerably, but all couples paid some extra attention to the child's development, while also being alert to the risk of wrongfully interpreting the child's development in terms of the CNV. Eleven couples expressed satisfaction with knowing about the child's CNV, whereas five couples would rather not have known.ConclusionsThe results indicate that health professionals should be mindful of terminology, remember to point out what has been ruled out by the CNV result, and discuss potential coping strategies with the couple. Furthermore, these couples may have a higher need for ultrasound during pregnancy to help reduce worry. More research is needed on the families' long‐term coping.
Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock—A six‐year service evaluation
Authors: Charlesworth Michael , Garcia Miguel , Head Laura , Barker Julian M. , Ashworth Alan D. , Barnard James B. , Feddy Lee , Venkateswaran Rajamiyer V. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractOnly a small number of English hospitals provide postcardiotomy venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO) and there are doubts about its efficacy and safety. The aim of this service evaluation was to determine local survival rates and report on patient demographics. This was a retrospective service evaluation of prospectively recorded routine clinical data from a tertiary cardiothoracic center in the United Kingdom offering services including cardiac and thoracic surgery, heart and lung transplantation, venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV‐ECMO) for respiratory failure, and all types of mechanical circulatory support. In six years, 39 patients were supported with VA‐ECMO for refractory postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock (PCCS). We analyzed survival data and looked for associations between survival rates and patient characteristics. The intervention was venoarterial‐ECMO in patients with PCCS either following weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass or following a trial of inotropes and intra‐aortic balloon counterpulsation on the intensive care unit. 30‐day, hospital discharge, 1‐year and 2‐year survivals were 51.3%, 41%, 37.5%, and 38.5%, respectively. The median (IQR [range]) duration of support was 6 (4‐9 [1‐35]) days. Nonsurvival was associated with advanced age, shorter intensive care length of stay, and the requirement for postoperative hemofiltration. Reasonable survival rates can be achieved in selected patients who may have been expected to have a worse mortality without VA‐ECMO. We suggest postoperative VA‐ECMO should be available to all patients undergoing cardiac surgery be it in their own center or through an established pathway to a specialist center.
Recommendations on neonatal light environment from the French Neonatal Society
Authors: Zores‐Koenig Claire , Kuhn Pierre , Caeymaex Laurence ,   the Group of Reflection and  Evaluation of the Environment of Newborns study group of the French Neonatology Society
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimHospital light may affect neonatal neurosensory development and the well‐being of parents and caregivers. We aimed to issue practical recommendations regarding the optimal light environment for neonatal units.MethodsA systematic evaluation was performed using PubMed to identify relevant papers published in English or French up to July 2018, and the different grades of evidence were evaluated.ResultsWe identified 89 studies and one meta‐analysis and examined 31 eligible studies. The major results were that natural or artificial light should not exceed 1000 lux and that all changes in light level should be gradual. Light protection should be used for infants of <32 weeks of postmenstrual age and but must be individualised to each infant. Infants should not be exposed to continuous high light levels regardless of their term and postnatal age. Cycled light before discharge seemed to be safe and beneficial. For medical caregivers’ well‐being, higher light levels and access to natural light are recommended. Special attention should be given to protecting neonatal patients from high light levels that may be necessary when performing specific care procedures.ConclusionConsideration of general principles and practical applications can improve the neonatal light environment for newborn infants, parents and caregivers.
IL33 rs1342326 gene variation is associated with allergic rhinitis at school age after infant bronchiolitis
Authors: Korppi Matti , Teräsjärvi Johanna , Lauhkonen Eero , Huhtala Heini , Nuolivirta Kirsi , He Qiushui 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimInterleukin (IL)‐33, encoded by the IL33 gene, is associated with allergy and asthma. We evaluated IL33 rs1342326 polymorphism in relation to asthma, asthma medication and allergic rhinitis after infant bronchiolitis.MethodsIL33 rs1342326 polymorphism was studied in children, who were hospitalised for bronchiolitis at age younger than 6 months and who were prospectively followed until 5‐7 years (N = 141) and 11‐13 years (N = 125) of ages.ResultsThe presence of the wild AA vs variant AC or CC genotypes of the IL33 rs1342326 showed no significant associations with previous or current asthma at the mean ages of 6.4 or 11.7 years. However, 22.5% of children with the variant genotype used inhaled corticosteroids at the 5‐7 years of visit (adjusted OR: 2.94, 95% CI: 1.04‐8.33 vs those 8.9% with the wild genotype). The variant IL33 rs1342326 genotype was associated with allergic rhinitis at 6.4 years (adjusted OR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.01‐4.76) and 11.7 years (3.23, 1.18‐9.09) of ages.ConclusionThe frequent use of asthma control medication in 6.4‐year‐old children with IL33 rs1342326 polymorphism suggests that this variation may increase susceptibility to severe asthma at preschool age. The IL33 rs1342326 variant genotype was associated with a 3‐fold risk of allergic rhinitis at school age.
Children with home mechanical ventilation—Parents' health‐related quality of life, family functioning and sleep
Authors: Israelsson‐Skogsberg Åsa , Persson Carina , Markström Agneta , Hedén Lena 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimChildren requiring home mechanical ventilation (HMV) have grown in number and complexity. Parents of children with HMV are often responsible for the advanced homecare. This study explored the health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), family functioning and sleep in parents of children with HMV. A secondary aim was to explore the impact on HRQoL, family functioning and sleep of selected potential determinants.MethodsQuestionnaires were completed by 45 mothers and 40 fathers, to 55 children receiving HMV. Parents were identified via respiratory clinics in the Swedish national quality register for oxygen and home respiratory treatment and invited to participate between December 2016 and December 2018.ResultsThere were no differences between mothers and fathers overall HRQoL or family functioning reports, although differences within the physical (P < .043) and cognitive (P < .009) functioning dimensions were found. One of four parents reported moderate or severe insomnia. The variability in HRQoL and family functioning was predicted by HMV mode and sleep quality to an extent of 45% and 21%, respectively.ConclusionSleep quality and the child's HMV mode predicted parental HRQoL and family functioning. The results underscore the importance of evaluating parents' sleep and of being aware that invasive ventilation influences parental HRQoL and family functioning.
A triple‐chamber parenteral nutrition solution was associated with improved protein intake in very low birthweight infants
Authors: Immeli Lotta , Mäkelä Pauliina M. , Leskinen Markus , Rinta‐Koski Olli‐Pekka , Sund Reijo , Andersson Sture , Luukkainen Päivi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimWe evaluated the nutrient intakes of very low birthweight (VLBW) infants weighing less than 1500 g and tested the hypothesis that using a triple‐chamber parenteral nutrition (PN) solution, containing lipids, glucose and amino acids, would improve protein intake.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study comprised 953 VLBW infants born in 2005‐2013 at a gestational age of less than 32 + 0/7 weeks and admitted to the neonatal care unit at Helsinki Children's Hospital, Finland. The infants were divided into four groups according their birth year and PN regime. Nutrient intakes were obtained from computerised medication administration records.ResultsIn 2012‐2013, when a triple‐chamber PN solution was used, infants were more likely to reach the target parenteral protein intake of 3.5 g/kg/d, and reach it 3‐7 days earlier, compared with infants who received individual PN or standard two‐in‐one PN solutions in 2005‐2011. In addition, infants in the triple‐chamber group had the highest median energy intake (90 kcal/kg/d) during the first week. They also had higher median protein intakes in weeks one, two and three (3.1, 3.4 and 3.7 g/kg/d) than infants born in 2005‐2011 (P < .05).ConclusionUsing a triple‐chamber PN solution was associated with improved protein intake, and the protein target was more likely to be achieved.
Chest computed tomography for staging renal tumours: validation and simplification of a risk prediction model from a large contemporary retrospective cohort
Authors: Voss James , Drake Tamsin , Matthews Hannah , Jenkins James , Tang Stanley , Doherty Joshua , Chan Keith , Dawe Harriet , Thomas Tittu , Kearley Samantha , Manners James , Carter Charles , Al‐Buheissi Salah , Klatte Tobias 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesTo externally validate a nomogram recently proposed by Larcher et al. (BJU Int. 2017; 120: 490) and to develop a simplified model with comparable accuracy to guide on the need for staging chest computed tomography (CT) for patients with new renal masses.Patients and MethodsWe analysed the data of 1082 consecutive patients with unilateral enhancing renal masses referred to urology multidisciplinary team meetings at two centres between 2011 and 2017. All patients underwent a staging chest CT at diagnosis. We fitted multivariable logistic regression models and tested the Larcher model performance using area under the receiver‐operating curve (AUC), calibration and decision curve analysis.ResultsForty‐two patients (3.9%) had a positive chest CT. The Larcher nomogram had an AUC of 83.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 77.1–90.6), but was only moderately well calibrated (calibration‐in‐the‐large = −0.61, slope = 0.82). Specifically, the nomogram overestimated the risk of positive chest CT, and the magnitude of miscalibration increased with increasing predicted risks. Using a stepwise backward approach, a new model was developed including tumour size, nodal stage and systemic symptoms. Compared with the Larcher model, the new model had a similar AUC (82.7% [95% CI 75.5–90.0]), but improved calibration and clinical net benefit. The predicted risk of positive chest CT was <1% in the low‐risk group and 1.9–79.9% in the high‐risk group.ConclusionThe Larcher nomogram is an accurate prediction tool that was moderately well calibrated with our dataset. However, our simplified model has similar accuracy and uses more objective variables available from referral, so may be easier to incorporate into clinical practice. The low‐risk group from our model (tumour size ≤4 cm and no systemic symptoms) had a risk of positive chest CT <1%, suggesting these patients may forego chest CT.
Prostate cancer in kidney transplant recipients – a nationwide register study
Authors: Bratt Ola , Drevin Linda , Prütz Karl‐Göran , Carlsson Stefan , Wennberg Lars , Stattin Pär 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo investigate whether post‐transplantation immunosuppression negatively affects prostate cancer outcomes in male kidney transplant recipients.Patients and MethodsWe used the Swedish Renal Register and the National Prostate Cancer Register to identify all kidney transplantation recipients diagnosed with prostate cancer in Sweden 1998–2016. After linking these registers with Prostate Cancer Database Sweden (PCBaSe), a case‐control study was designed to compare time period and risk category‐specific probabilities of a prostate cancer diagnosis amongst kidney transplantation recipients versus the male general population. The registers did not include information about the specific immunosuppression agent used in all transplantation recipients. Data from PCBaSe were used to compare prostate cancer characteristics at diagnosis and survival for patients with prostate cancer with versus without a kidney transplant. Propensity score matching, Cox regression analysis and Fisher's exact test were used and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated.ResultsAlmost half of the 133 kidney transplantation recipients were transplanted before the mid‐1990s, when PSA testing became common. The transplant recipients were not more likely than age‐matched control men to be diagnosed with any (odds ratio [OR] 0.84, 95% CI 0.70–0.99) or high‐risk or metastatic prostate cancer (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.62–1.13). None of the ORs for the different categories of prostate cancer increased with time since transplantation. Cancer characteristics at the time of diagnosis and cancer‐specific survival were similar amongst transplant recipients and the control group of 665 men diagnosed with prostate cancer without a kidney transplant.ConclusionsThis Swedish nationwide, register‐based study gave no indication that immunosuppression after kidney transplantation increases the risk of prostate cancer or adversely affects prostate cancer outcomes. The study suggests that men with untreated low‐grade prostate cancer can be accepted for transplantation.
Synthetic lethal therapy based on targeting the vulnerability of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex‐deficient cancers
Authors: Sasaki Mariko , Ogiwara Hideaki 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex is composed of approximately 15 subunits, and approximately 20% of all cancers carry mutations in the genes encoding these subunits. Most of the genetic alterations in these genes are loss‐of‐function mutations. The identification of vulnerability based on synthetic lethality in cancers with SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex deficiency contributes to precision medicine. The SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex is involved in transcription, DNA repair, DNA replication, and chromosomal segregation. Cancers with deficiency in the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex show increased vulnerability derived from the loss of these functions. Synthetic lethal targets have been identified based on vulnerabilities in the functions of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. In this review article, we propose a precision medicine strategy using chemotherapeutic methods, such as molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy, based on harnessing synthetic lethality in cancers with deficiency in the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex.
Empirical Evidence Supporting Neural Contributions to Episodic Memory Development in Early Childhood: Implications for Childhood Amnesia
Authors: Riggins Tracy , Canada Kelsey L. , Botdorf Morgan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMemories for events that happen early in life are fragile—they are forgotten more quickly than expected based on typical adult rates of forgetting. Although numerous factors contribute to this phenomenon, data show that one major source of change is the protracted development of neural structures related to memory. Recent empirical studies in early childhood reveal that the development of specific subdivisions of the hippocampus (i.e., the dentate gyrus) is related directly to variations in memory. Yet, the hippocampus is only one region within a larger network supporting memory. Data from young children have also shown that activation of cortical regions during memory tasks and the functional connectivity between the hippocampus and cortex relate to memory during this period. Taken together, these results suggest that protracted neural development of the hippocampus, cortex, and connections between these regions contribute to the fragility of memories early in life and may ultimately contribute to childhood amnesia.
The Empirical Child? A Framework for Investigating the Development of Scientific Habits of Mind
Authors: Butler Lucas P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe live in the information age. Broad access to vast troves of information can benefit society considerably, providing conduits for inquiry by individuals of all ages, enabling the spread of important information to previously isolated populations, and facilitating social connections across the globe. However, inundated with information from an ever‐expanding array of sources, we also live in the misinformation age. Thus, it is of paramount importance to raise the next generation to approach the world through an empirical, evaluative lens, and to work to foster the development of habits of mind that will guide how children engage with the world. In this article, I present a new theoretical framework for investigating children’s engagement in and understanding of three key steps in the empirical process: (a) asking questions and forming a hypothesis, (b) collecting and analyzing data, and (c) communicating evidence. I discuss young children’s capacities for engaging in each step as well as the obstacles they may encounter in doing so, and suggest approaches for researchers working toward this pressing societal goal.
Statistical Language Learning in Infancy
Authors: Saffran Jenny R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractResearch suggests that infants use statistical regularities in linguistic input to identify and learn a range of linguistic structures, from the sounds of language (e.g., native‐language speech sounds, word boundaries in continuous speech) to aspects of grammatical structure (e.g., lexical categories like nouns and verbs, basic aspects of syntax). In this article, I review the literature on statistical language learning in infants and raise questions about why infants are sensitive to statistical regularities. In doing so, I consider the relationship among statistical learning, prediction, and reducing uncertainty in infancy.
Children’s Emerging Understanding of Death
Authors: Menendez David , Hernandez Iseli G. , Rosengren Karl S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractChildren’s understanding of death has been a topic of interest to researchers investigating the development of children’s thinking and clinicians focusing on how children cope with the death of a loved one. Traditionally, researchers in cognitive development have studied death from a biological perspective. Current research suggests that exploring religious and spiritual conceptualizations might enrich our understanding of how children come to think about death. In this article, we review different methodological approaches that suggest that children form their understanding of death by engaging in conversations with and asking questions of family members, consuming cultural products, and participating in cultural rituals. We provide examples of how children combine different belief systems to form their understanding of death. We conclude by discussing recent research on how death‐related socialization might be related to coping and bereavement after the death of a loved one.