bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personalising Outcome Measurement in Substance Misuse Treatment: the Feasibility and Psychometrics of Two Individualised Outcome Measures
Authors: Alves Paula , Faísca Luís , Sales Célia M. D. , Ashworth Mark 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIndividualised information in substance misuse treatment complements standardised outcome measures. However, few studies investigate the use of individualised measures and their robustness in terms of quantifying outcomes. In this study, we analysed the psychometrics and feasibility of two individualised outcome measures (PQ and PSYCHLOPS). We followed a cross-sectional methodology, administering the individualised measures and three additional standardised measures (TOP, a measure of psychological health within addiction services; PHQ-9; CORE-OM) to a sample of 93 patients entering substance misuse treatment in four clinical services. The results showed high levels of patient acceptability of the two individualised measures (response rates > 95%). The internal reliability was good for both PQ and PSYCHLOPS (Cronbach’s alpha, .79 and .72, respectively). Convergent validity of PQ with standardised measures was weak: Pearson’s r values for TOP (psychological health), PHQ-9 and CORE-OM were .21, .22 and .27, respectively. In contrast, convergent validity of PSYCHLOPS was moderate: r = .40, .39 and .50, respectively. Convergence between PQ and PSYCHLOPS was weak (r = .28). Experience of previous treatment episodes was associated with higher PQ and PSYCHLOPS scores; PSYCHLOPS but not PQ scores were higher among those opting to complete the questionnaires in written rather than verbal format. Our findings demonstrated that PQ and PSYCHLOPS are reliable and feasible individualised outcome measures for use in substance misuse treatment units, although the lack of strong convergent validity indicates that they may be measuring different underlying constructs. Optimal outcome measurement may involve combining individualised and standardised measures.
Generative multi-adversarial network for striking the right balance in abdominal image segmentation
Authors: Rezaei Mina , Näppi Janne J. , Lippert Christoph , Meinel Christoph , Yoshida Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPurpose The identification of abnormalities that are relatively rare within otherwise normal anatomy is a major challenge for deep learning in the semantic segmentation of medical images. The small number of samples of the minority classes in the training data makes the learning of optimal classification challenging, while the more frequently occurring samples of the majority class hamper the generalization of the classification boundary between infrequently occurring target objects and classes. In this paper, we developed a novel generative multi-adversarial network, called Ensemble-GAN, for mitigating this class imbalance problem in the semantic segmentation of abdominal images.Method The Ensemble-GAN framework is composed of a single-generator and a multi-discriminator variant for handling the class imbalance problem to provide a better generalization than existing approaches. The ensemble model aggregates the estimates of multiple models by training from different initializations and losses from various subsets of the training data. The single generator network analyzes the input image as a condition to predict a corresponding semantic segmentation image by use of feedback from the ensemble of discriminator networks. To evaluate the framework, we trained our framework on two public datasets, with different imbalance ratios and imaging modalities: the Chaos 2019 and the LiTS 2017.Result In terms of the F1 score, the accuracies of the semantic segmentation of healthy spleen, liver, and left and right kidneys were 0.93, 0.96, 0.90 and 0.94, respectively. The overall F1 scores for simultaneous segmentation of the lesions and liver were 0.83 and 0.94, respectively.Conclusion The proposed Ensemble-GAN framework demonstrated outstanding performance in the semantic segmentation of medical images in comparison with other approaches on popular abdominal imaging benchmarks. The Ensemble-GAN has the potential to segment abdominal images more accurately than human experts.
Stichwort: Lernzentriertes Leitungshandeln an Schulen – Leadership for Learning
Authors: Tulowitzki Pierre , Pietsch Marcus 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungFührung gilt als wichtiger Aspekt effektiver Schulen. Im internationalen Raum hat sich in diesem Zusammenhang in den vergangenen Jahren das Konzept des lernzentrierten Leitungshandelns an Schulen,Leadership for Learning, etabliert.Leadership for Learningwird hier stets ergebnisorientiert gedacht und rückt den Kompetenzerwerb von Schüler*innen in den Fokus des Leitungshandelns. Lernzentriertes Leitungshandeln zielt dabei nicht ausschließlich auf die Unterrichtsebene ab, auch das Lernen von Lehrkräften und das Organisationale Lernen sollen, im Sinne eines Capacity Building, gefördert werden. Entsprechend geht der Ansatz über klassische Annahmen zur unterrichtsbezogenen Führung (Instructional Leadership) hinaus, indem es deren Einschränkungen, nämlich eine Verengung der Perspektive auf die Person der Schulleitung sowie den Unterricht, überwindet. Im deutschsprachigen Raum ist dieses Konzept, obwohl z. B. in internationalen Schulvergleichsuntersuchungen genutzt, anders als in den anglophonen Ländern, bislang kaum bekannt. Daher werden im vorliegenden Stichwortbeitrag das Konzept des Lernzentrierten Leitungshandelns sowie dessen theoretische Grundannahmen vorgestellt. Darüber hinaus werden Forschungsbefunde zum Thema berichtet und abschließend eine Agenda für die zukünftige Forschung zumLeadership for Learningim deutschsprachigen Raum erarbeitet.
Effectiveness and postoperative pain level of single-port versus two-port thoracoscopic lobectomy for lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hu Cheng-guang , Zheng Kang , Liu Guan-hua , Li Zhi-long , Zhao Yan-li , Lian Jian-hong , Guo Shi-ping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Single-port thoracoscopic lobectomy is a new therapeutic technique for patients with lung cancer; however, insufficient data are available regarding its clinical outcomes. We therefore compared the clinical outcomes of single-port and two-port thoracoscopic lobectomies for lung cancer.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed and compared the data of 204 and 368 patients with lung cancer who underwent single-port or two-port thoracoscopic lobectomy, respectively, between October 2014 and October 2017 at our institution. Patients in both groups underwent 1:1 propensity score matching, and 400 patients (200 patients in each group) were included. Perioperative clinical indicators were analyzed, including operation time, lymph node dissection stations and numbers, incidence of postoperative complications, and pain scores at 24 h, 72 h, and 1 week after surgery.

Results
No perioperative deaths occurred in either group. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, chest drainage duration, duration of postoperative hospital stay, lymph node dissection station and number, rate of conversion to open surgery, number of ruptured intraoperative pulmonary vessel, and incidence of postoperative complications were not significantly different between the groups (all P > 0.05). However, analysis of the 24-h (P = 0.005), 72-h (P = 0.011), and 1-week (P = 0.034) visual analog scale score after surgery revealed that the postoperative pain levels were significantly lower in the single-port than in the two-port group.

Conclusions
Single-port and two-port thoracoscopic lobectomies had similar perioperative outcomes, although the postoperative pain was lower after single-port than two-port thoracoscopic lobectomy. Hence, we concluded that single-port thoracoscopic lobectomy is an effective, minimally invasive, and promising surgical procedure.
Microtubule Stabilization Promotes Microcirculation Reconstruction After Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Duan Yang-Yang , Chai Yong , Zhang Nai-Li , Zhao Dong-Mei , Yang Cheng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSpinal cord microcirculation plays an important role in maintaining the function of spinal cord neurons and other cells. Previous studies have largely focused on the ability of microtubule stabilization to inhibit the fibroblast migration and promote axon regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the effect of microtubule stabilization treatment on microcirculation reconstruction after SCI remains unclear. By using immunofluorescence, we found that microtubule stabilization treatment improved microcirculation reconstruction via increasing the number of microvessels, pericytes, and the perfused microvessels after SCI. To clarify the underlying mechanisms, rat brain microvascular endothelial cells and pericytes were subjected to glucose oxygen deprivation. By using flow cytometry and western blotting, we found that microtubule stabilization treatment inhibited apoptosis and migration of endothelial cells and pericytes but promoted proliferation and survival of endothelial cells and pericytes through upregulated expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), VEGF receptor 2, platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGFB), PDGF receptor β, and angiopoietin-1 after SCI. Taken together, this study provides evidence for the mechanisms underlying the promotion of microcirculation reconstruction after SCI by microtubule stabilization treatment. Importantly, this study suggests the potential of microtubule stabilization as a therapeutic target to reduce microcirculation dysfunction after SCI in the clinic.
Definition and Characteristics of Behavioral Medicine, and Main Tasks and Goals of the International Society of Behavioral Medicine—an International Delphi Study
Authors: Dekker Joost , Amitami Marie , Berman Anne H. , Brown Helen , Cleal Bryan , Figueiras Maria João , Finney Rutten Lila J. , Fors Egil A. , Griva Konstadina , Gu Jing , Keyworth Chris , Kleinstäuber Maria , Lahmann Claas , Lau Joseph T. F. , Leplow Bernd , Li Li , Malmberg Gavelin Hanna , Mewes Ricarda , Mo Phoenix K. H. , Mullan Barbara , Penedo Frank J. , Prins Judith , Rodríguez Rodríguez Teresa , Simpson Sharon A. , Stauder Adrienne , Tuomisto Martti T. , Weiss Deborah Jones , Nater Urs M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
In the past decades, behavioral medicine has attained global recognition. Due to its global reach, a critical need has emerged to consider whether the original definition of behavioral medicine is still valid, comprehensive, and inclusive, and to reconsider the main tasks and goals of the International Society of Behavioral Medicine (ISBM), as the umbrella organization in the field. The purpose of the present study was to (i) update the definition and scope of behavioral medicine and its defining characteristics; and (ii) develop a proposal on ISBM’s main tasks and goals.

Method
Our study used the Delphi method. A core group prepared a discussion paper. An international Delphi panel rated questions and provided comments. The panel intended to reach an a priori defined level of consensus (i.e., 70%).

Results
The international panel reached consensus on an updated definition and scope of behavioral medicine as a field of research and practice that builds on collaboration among multiple disciplines. These disciplines are concerned with development and application of behavioral and biomedical evidence across the disease continuum in clinical and public health domains. Consensus was reached on a proposal for ISBM’s main tasks and goals focused on supporting communication and collaboration across disciplines and participating organizations; stimulating research, education, and practice; and supporting individuals and organizations in the field.

Conclusion
The consensus on definition and scope of behavioral medicine and ISBM’s tasks and goals provides a foundational step toward achieving these goals.
Sodium sulfite (SoS) as decontamination strategy for Fusarium-toxin contaminated maize and its impact on immunological traits in pigs challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
Authors: Tran Anh-Tuan , Kluess Jeannette , Kersten Susanne , Berk Andreas , Paulick Marleen , Schatzmayr Dian , Dänicke Sven , Frahm Jana 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sodium sulfite (SoS) treatment of maize and its impact on the porcine immune system in the presence of an LPS-induced systemic inflammation. Control maize (CON) and Fusarium-toxin contaminated maize (FUS) were wet-preserved (20% moisture) for 79 days with (+) or without (−) SoS and then included at 10% in a diet, resulting in four experimental groups: CON−, CON+, FUS−, and FUS+ with deoxynivalenol (DON) concentrations of 0.09, 0.05, 5.36, and 0.83 mg DON/kg feed, respectively. After 42-day feeding trial (weaned barrows, n = 20/group), ten pigs per group were challenged intraperitoneally with either 7.5 μg LPS/kg BW or placebo (0.9% NaCl), observed for 2 h, and then sacrificed. Blood, mesenteric lymph nodes, and spleen were collected for phenotyping of different T cell subsets, B cells, and monocytes. Phagocytic activity and intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed in both polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using flow cytometry. Our results revealed that the impact of DON was more notable on CD3+CD4+CD8+ T cells in lymphoid tissues rather than in blood T cells. In contrast, SoS treatment of maize altered leukocyte subpopulations in blood, e.g., reduced the percentage and fluorescence signal of CD8high T cells. Interestingly, SoS treatment reduced the amount of free radicals in basal ROS-producing PMNs only in LPS-challenged animals, suggesting a decrease in basal cellular ROS production (pSoS*LPS = 0.022).
Performance of signal processing techniques for anomaly detection using a temperature-based measurement interpretation approach
Authors: Kromanis Rolands , Kripakaran Prakash 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the effectiveness of four signal processing techniques in supporting a data-driven strategy for anomaly detection that relies on correlations between measurements of bridge response and temperature distributions. The strategy builds upon the regression-based thermal response prediction methodology which was developed by the authors to accurately predict thermal response from distributed temperature measurements. The four techniques that are investigated as part of the strategy are moving fast Fourier transform, moving principal component analysis, signal subtraction method and cointegration method. The techniques are compared on measurement time histories from a laboratory structure and a footbridge at the National Physical Laboratory. Results demonstrate that anomaly events can be detected successfully depending on the magnitude and duration of the event and the choice of an appropriate anomaly detection technique.
Direct antivirals and cognitive impairment in hepatitis C: a clinical-neurophysiologic study
Authors: Vaghi Gloria , Gori Benedetta , Strigaro Gionata , Burlone Michela , Minisini Rosalba , Barbaglia Matteo N. , Brigatti Elena , Varrasi Claudia , Pirisi Mario , Cantello Roberto 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCognition was assessed in hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients, who did not meet the criteria for a minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Their liver function was compensated. We then disentangled potential cognitive changes associated with a sustained virologic response at 12 weeks (SVR-12), following treatment with direct antiviral agents (DAAs). We studied 23 selected HCV patients with a battery of standard neuropsychological tests, and with recordings of the P300 wave, a cerebral potential of “cognitive” significance. There was a baseline evaluation (T0) and a second one 6 months later (T1). We had 2 control groups of comparable age and sex, i.e., 15 patients suffering from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and 15 healthy subjects. At T0, we detected a significant (p < 0.05) cognitive impairment in the HCV group, which involved episodic and working memory, attention, visuospatial and verbal abilities, executive functions, and logic reasoning. The P300 latency was significantly (p < 0.05) delayed in the group. At T1, we observed some significant (p < 0.05) HCV recovery in given test domains, e.g., memory, executive functions, and reasoning. Accordingly, the P300 latency shortened significantly (p < 0.05). HCV patients exhibited subtle cognitive defects, somehow independent of their liver condition, possibly linked to direct or indirect brain involvement by the virus. These defects partly recovered following the SVR-12, as achieved through DAAs. The P300 wave was a valid neurophysiologic counterpart of these changes. DAAs can have a role in the early preservation of cognition in HCVs.
How Does Deprivation Affect Early-Age Mortality? Patterns of Socioeconomic Determinants of Neonatal and Postneonatal Mortality in Bolivia
Authors: Temporin Filippo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThree mechanisms related to household living standards might affect early-age mortality: the absolute level of deprivation, its level relative to the average of the community, and the inequality in the distribution of deprivation within communities. A large body of literature has explored the effect of the absolute level of deprivation, but little research has examined the association between relative deprivation and early-age mortality, and findings related to deprivation inequality are inconsistent. Using 2008 Bolivian Demographic and Health Survey data, this study explores patterns of association between the three factors and mortality occurring in the neonatal and postneonatal periods. Because household-level deprivation might capture some unmeasured characteristics at the community level, such as area-specific investments, this study decomposes household-level deprivation into its between- and within-community components. The results show that after possible confounders are controlled for, community-level absolute deprivation is a significant predictor of neonatal and postneonatal mortality. Relative deprivation and deprivation inequality are not associated with early-age mortality. These findings are specific to a context of widespread deprivation and low inequality within communities; the role of the distribution of deprivation might be more important in countries in which basic needs are met within a bigger proportion of the population. This study helps identify crucial sectors of development related to living standards and deprivation inequality in order to tackle neonatal and postneonatal mortality.
The Direct Effects of Legal Same-Sex Marriage in the United States: Evidence From Massachusetts
Authors: Carpenter Christopher S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractI provide evidence on the direct effects of legal same-sex marriage in the United States by studying Massachusetts, the first state to legalize it in 2004 by court order. Using confidential Massachusetts data from 2001–2013, I show that the ruling significantly increased marriage among lesbians, bisexual women, and gay men compared with the associated change for heterosexuals. I find no significant effects on coupling. Marriage take-up effects are larger for lesbians than for bisexual women or gay men and are larger for households with children than for households without children. Consistent with prior work in the United States and Europe, I find no reductions in heterosexual marriage.
EAU20 Virtual
Authors: Lock M.T.W.T. 
Published: September 2020

SamenvattingSinds de COVID-19-uitbraak lijkt onze wereld heel anders te functioneren. Wie had op nieuwjaarsmorgen 2020 kunnen bedenken hoe anders het nieuwe jaar vanaf februari zou gaan verlopen. Terwijl wij midden in de naweeën van Brabants carnaval en terugkomers van de wintersport zaten, vond president Donald Trump het een ‘klein’ Chinees griepje. In zijn kielzog kwetterde president Jair Bolsenaro in Brazilië eenzelfde liedje. Beiden weten, nu ruim vier maanden verder, de laatste zelf net gerecupereerd van corona, dat de werkelijke feiten fors dramatischer zijn.
Gelokaliseerde prostaatkanker – EAU highlights
Authors: Soeterik Timo F.W. , van den Bergh Roderick C.N. 
Published: September 2020

SamenvattingHet is tijd om afstand te doen van de traditionele computertomografie (CT) en de botscan voor disseminatieonderzoek bij hoogrisico primair prostaatcarcinoom en deze te vervangen door prostaatspecifiek membraanantigeen positive emission tomography (PSMA PET) CT.
Irregular Bone Defect Repair Using Tissue-Engineered Periosteum in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Zhao Lin , Zhao Junli , Yu Jia-Jia , Zhang Cangyu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:
In previous studies, we succeeded in repairing a long bone defect with tissue-engineered periosteum (TEP), fabricated by incorporating rabbit mesenchymal stem cells with small intestinal submucosa. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of allogeneic irregular bone defect repair using TEP.

Methods:
We performed a subtotal resection of the scapula in 36 rabbits to establish a large irregular bone defect model. The rabbits were then randomly divided into three groups (n = 12 per group) and the defects were treated with TEP (Group 1), allogeneic deproteinized bone (DPB) (Group 2) or a hybrid of TEP and DPB (Group 3). At 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery, the rabbits were sacrificed, and the implants were harvested. X-ray radiographic and histological examinations were performed to detect bone healing. Ink-formaldehyde perfusion was introduced to qualitatively analyze vascularization in TEP engineered new bone.

Results:
The repair of scapular defects was diverse in all groups, shown by radiographic and histological tests. The radiographic scores in Group 1 and Group 3 were significantly higher than Group 2 at 8 and 12 weeks (p < 0.05). Histological scores further proved that Group 1 had significantly greater new bone formation compared to Group 3 (p < 0.05), while Group 2 had the lowest osteogenesis at all time-points (p < 0.001). Ink-formaldehyde perfusion revealed aboundant microvessels in TEP engineered new bone.

Conclusion:
We conclude that TEP is promising for the repair of large irregular bone defects. As a 3D scaffold, DPB could provide mechanical support and a shaping guide when combined with TEP. TEP engineered new bone has aboundant microvessels.