bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A V2G strategy to increase the cost–benefit of primary frequency regulation considering EV battery degradation
Authors: Tamura Shigeru 
Published: May 2020

AbstractElectric vehicle (EV) will prevail in the near future and many EVs are expected to be parked all day or almost all day according to a survey in Japan. They can contribute as vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G) to primary frequency regulation in power systems. However, as lithium‐ion battery or EV battery is still expensive, it is economically important to evaluate V2G frequency regulation cost. This paper proposes the evaluation method of the frequency regulation cost. The proposed method is based on the EV battery cost and longevity, which is shortened by performing the frequency regulation. The battery degradation consists of calendar aging and cycle aging, and an empirical model is used in this paper. Simulation results are shown using the proposed method under the various conditions such as state of charge (SoC) of the EV battery. Those results indicate a V2G control strategy to increase the cost–benefit of primary frequency regulation.
Extend output voltage range of AC/AC converters using a reversible indirect matrix converter
Authors: Okuzono Kodai , Haga Hitoshi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper proposes a reversible indirect matrix converter that expands the output voltage range. The proposed circuit has two operation modes. A buck mode that supplies an output voltage lower than the input voltage, and a boost mode that supplies an output voltage higher than the input voltage. In the boost mode, the proposed circuit has the characteristics of the current type inverter therefore, it is possible to obtain an output voltage with less harmonics. The proposed system is validated with a 2 kW prototype. The proposed circuit shows that the input/output voltage ratio of AC/AC direct conversion obtained is 0 to 1.2 or more. Moreover, the conversion efficiency of the proposed circuit is 92.8%.
Human T cells interacting with HNSCC‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells acquire tissue‐resident memory like properties
Authors: Mazzoni Alessio , Maggi Laura , Montaini Gianni , Ramazzotti Matteo , Capone Manuela , Vanni Anna , Locatello Luca Giovanni , Barra Giusi , De Palma Raffaele , Gallo Oreste , Cosmi Lorenzo , Liotta Francesco , Annunziato Francesco 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTissue‐resident memory (Trm) cells are specialized components of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets that persist in peripheral nonlymphoid tissues following infections and provide fast response in case of a secondary invasion by the same pathogen. Trm cells express the surface markers CD69, CD103, and the immune checkpoint molecule PD‐1. Trm cells develop not only in the context of infections but also in tumors, where they can provide a line of defense as suggested by the positive correlation between the frequency of tumor‐infiltrating Trm cells and patients’ survival. Trm cells persistence in peripheral tissues depends on their adaptation to the local microenvironment and the presence of survival factors, mainly IL‐7, IL‐15, and Notch ligands. However, the cell sources of these factors are largely unknown, especially in the context of tumors. Here, we show that head–neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is enriched in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with a Trm phenotype. Moreover, we show that mesenchymal stromal cells that accumulate in HNSCC are a source of survival factors and allow proper expression of Trm‐typical markers in a VCAM1‐dependent manner.
Automated fitting of thermogravimetric analysis data
Authors: Bruns Morgan C. , Leventon Isaac T. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryA novel methodology has been developed for extracting pyrolysis kinetic parameters from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data. The development of this methodology is motivated by a need to automate the determination of material properties for use in fire models. The algorithm with which the methodology is implemented is described. Aside from being fully automated, the resultant script has the advantage of being efficient—a full set of kinetic parameters is provided in less than 1 second. The script is verified against manufactured TGA data for one and two reaction mechanisms and the effects of reaction peak width and the distance between reaction peaks is examined. Validation is accomplished by applying the script to TGA data for Nylon 6,6, a flexible polyurethane foam, and polyvinyl chloride. The resultant kinetic parameters are tabulated, and plots of the actual and predicted TGA data show that the algorithm is quite effective for one, two, and three reaction mechanisms.
Is the ultrasonic scalpel recommended in head and neck surgery during the COVID‐19 pandemic? State‐of‐the‐art review
Authors: Mayo‐Yánez Miguel , Calvo‐Henríquez Christian , Lechien Jérôme R. , Fakhry Nicolas , Ayad Tareck , Chiesa‐Estomba Carlos M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundGuidelines for ultrasonic devices use are imperative because infectious aerosols arising from airway procedures were a key etiologic factor in prior coronavirus outbreaks. This manuscript aims to summarize the available recommendations and the most relevant concepts about the use of ultrasonic scalpel during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic.MethodsLiterature review of manuscripts with patients, animal models, or in vitro studies where the ultrasonic scalpel was used and the plume produced was analyzed in a quantitative and/ or qualitative way.DiscussionActivated devices with tissue produce a biphasic bioaerosol composed (size 68.3‐994 nm) of tissue particles, blood, intact and no viable cells, and carcinogenic or irritant hydrocarbons (benzene, ethylbenzene, styrene, toluene, heptene, and methylpropene).ConclusionIt is imperative to use an active smoke evacuator, to avoid ultrasonic scalpel use in COVID‐19 positive patients and in upper airway surgery, as well as to follow the protection recommendations of the guidelines for management this type of patients.
The history of long‐term potentiation as a memory mechanism: Controversies, confirmation, and some lessons to remember
Authors: Dringenberg Hans C. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTThe discovery of long‐term potentiation (LTP) provided the first, direct evidence for long‐lasting synaptic plasticity in the living brain. Consequently, LTP was proposed to serve as a mechanism for information storage among neurons, thus providing the basis for the behavioral and psychological phenomena of learning and long‐term memory formation. However, for several decades, the LTP‐memory hypothesis remained highly controversial, with inconsistent and contradictory evidence providing a barrier to its general acceptance. This review summarizes the history of these early debates, challenges, and experimental strategies (successful and unsuccessful) to establish a link between LTP and memory. Together, the empirical evidence, gathered over a period of about four decades, strongly suggests that LTP serves as one of the mechanisms affording learning and memory storage in neuronal circuits. Notably, this body of work also offers some important lessons that apply to the broader fields of behavioral and cognitive neuroscience. As such, the history of LTP as a learning mechanism provides valuable insights to neuroscientists exploring the relations between brain and psychological states.
Development of a specialist pharmacist career ladder system and a pharmacy residency program as a result of global partnerships: The experience of Taipei Medical University
Authors: Cheng Kuei‐Ju , Kuo Li‐Na , Shen Wan‐Chen , Chen Hsiang‐Yin , Chien Shu‐Chen , Chen Bi‐Li , Chang Elizabeth H. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionGlobal partnerships and collaboration of pharmacy schools between the United States and Asian countries have great impacts on the development of clinical pharmacy. This article describes the decadal experience of Taipei Medical University (TMU) concerning clinical pharmacy development via partnerships with the American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) and a number of schools of pharmacy and hospital pharmacies in the U.S. and Asian countries. We specifically focus on describing the process and outcomes of the specialist pharmacist (SP) system and the residency program.MethodsAfter the 6‐year Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) program at TMU was approved in 2013, a number of strategies were used to advance clinical pharmacy development, including experiential faculty and site preparation, didactic faculty development, and international conferences. For the purpose of this paper, documents from TMU‐affiliated hospitals (Taipei Medical University Hospital [TMUH], Wan Fang Hospital [WFH], and Shuang Ho Hospital [SHH]) and the TMU College of Pharmacy regarding the SP system and the residency program were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsIn 2017, TMU passed the SP career ladder system and WFH started the pharmacy residency program. As of 2020, there are a total of 7 SPs certified in three major TMU‐affiliated hospitals. Two pharmacy residents completed training in WFH. Global engagement with universities in Vietnam and Indonesia allowed TMU to give back to the global community by offering faculty development and clinical pharmacy preceptor training.ConclusionThrough global partnerships, innovations in clinical pharmacy development can be diffused more widely and have resulted in practice changes such as an SP system and residency program at TMU. The experiences may provide value for those seeking to expand clinical pharmacy development via international engagement.
3D morphological and biophysical changes in a single tachyzoite and its infected cells using three‐dimensional quantitative phase imaging
Authors: Firdaus Egy Rahman , Park Ji‐Hoon , Lee Seong‐Kyun , Park YongKeun , Cha Guang‐Ho , Han Eun‐Taek 
Published: May 2020

AbstractToxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan parasite that causes toxoplasmosis in the human body and commonly infects warm‐blooded organisms. Pathophysiology of its diseases is still an interesting issue to be studied since T gondii can infect nearly all nucleated cells. Imaging techniques are crucial for studying its pathophysiology. In T gondii‐infected cells structural and biochemical alterations occurred. To study that modification, we use digital holotomography to investigate the structure and biochemical alteration of single tachyzoite and its infected cells in a label‐free and quantitative manner. Quantification analysis was done by measuring the refractive index distribution, which provides information about the concentration and dry mass of individual cells. This study showed that holotomography could be effectively used to identify the structural and biochemical alteration in tremendously different cells in supporting pathophysiological research in particular for T gondii‐caused diseases.
Flow with variable pulse frequencies accelerates vascular recellularization and remodeling of a human bioscaffold
Authors: Van de Walle Aurore B. , McFetridge Peter S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDespite significant advances in vascular tissue engineering, the ideal graft has not yet been developed and autologous vessels remain the gold standard substitutes for small diameter bypass procedures. Here, we explore the use of a flow field with variable pulse frequencies over the regeneration of an ex vivo‐derived human scaffold as vascular graft. Briefly, human umbilical veins were decellularized and used as scaffold for cellular repopulation with human smooth muscle cells (SMC) and endothelial cells (EC). Over graft development, the variable flow, which mimics the real‐time cardiac output of an individual performing daily activities (e.g., resting vs. exercising), was implemented and compared to the commonly used constant pulse frequency. Results show marked differences on SMC and EC function, with changes at the molecular level reflecting on tissue scales. First, variable frequencies significantly increased SMC proliferation rate and glycosaminoglycan production. These results can be tied with the SMC gene expression that indicates a synthetic phenotype, with a significant downregulation of myosin heavy chain. Additionally and quite remarkably, the variable flow frequencies motivated the re‐endothelialization of the grafts, with a quiescent‐like structure observed after 10 days of conditioning, contrasting with the low surface coverage and unaligned EC observed under constant frequency (CF). Besides, the overall biomechanics of the generated grafts (conditioned with both pulsed and CFs) evidence a significant remodeling after 55 days of culture, depicted by high burst pressure and Young's modulus. These last results demonstrate the positive recellularization and remodeling of a human‐derived scaffold toward an arterial vessel.
In vitro evaluation of novel titania‐containing borate bioactive glass scaffolds
Authors: Shafaghi Romina , Rodriguez Omar , Wren Anthony W. , Chiu Loraine , Schemitsch Emil H. , Zalzal Paul , Waldman Stephen D. , Papini Marcello , Towler Mark R. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTitanium‐containing borate bioactive glass scaffolds (0, 5, 15, and 20 mol %, identified as BRT0, BRT1, BRT3, and BRT4) with a microstructure similar to that of human trabecular bone were prepared and evaluated in vitro for potential bone loss applications in revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA). Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) cell viability assays of scaffold ion release extracts revealed that BRT0 scaffolds (0 mol % titanium) inhibited cell proliferation and activity at day 14. At day 30, all scaffold extracts decreased cell proliferation and activity significantly. However, live/dead cell assay results demonstrated that degradation products from all the scaffolds had no inhibitory effect on cell viability. Significant bactericidal efficacies of BRT3 extracts against Escherishia coli (Gram‐negative) and BRT1 extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis (both Gram‐positive bacteria) were demonstrated. Finally, evaluation of the cell/bioactive glass surface interactions showed well‐spread cells on the surface of the BRT3 glass discs and BRT1 and BRT3 scaffolds, when compared to BRT0 and BRT4 scaffolds. The results indicate that by changing the Ti4+:B3+ ratio, the ion release and consequently cell proliferation could be improved. in vitro results in this study demonstrate that BRT3 scaffolds could be a promising candidate for addressing bone loss in rTKAs; however, in vivo studies would be required to evaluate the effect of a dynamic environment on the cell and tissue response to the fabricated scaffolds.
Combination of eosinophil percentage and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein predicts in‐hospital major adverse cardiac events in ST‐elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Ye Liu , Bai Hong‐mei , Jiang Dan , He Bing , Wen Xue‐song , Ge Ping , Zhang Dong‐ying 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundEosinophil levels predict prognosis in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. Both eosinophils and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) play a major role in the acute inflammatory response of myocardial infarction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate eosinophil percentage (EOS%) and hs‐CRP as prognostic markers for in‐hospital adverse events in STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 518 patients. Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were defined as cardiac rupture, cardiac arrest, malignant arrhythmia, and cardiac death. Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, all patients were regrouped into 3 groups (None, One, and Two) according to cutoff EOS% value (≤0.3%) and hs‐CRP value (>11.8 mg/L). Both Cox regression analyses and the KM (Kaplan‐Meier) survival curve were used to examine the prognostic role of combined hs‐CRP and EOS% in cardiovascular events.ResultsOf the 518 STEMI patients, 50 of them developed MACEs. Patients who developed MACEs had a significantly lower EOS% and higher hs‐CRP than patients who remained MACE‐free. In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, the highest risk of in‐hospital MACEs was constantly observed in patients with a combined low EOS% and elevated hs‐CRP. Patients with reduced EOS% and high hs‐CRP had significantly higher incidence rates of cardiac rupture (P = .001), cardiac arrest (P = .001), and malignant arrhythmia (P < .001); furthermore, they had the worst cumulative survival compared with the other two groups.ConclusionCombined reduced EOS% and elevated hs‐CRP were valuable tools for identifying patients at risk of in‐hospital MACEs.
Correlation between hospital rating agencies’ data: An analysis and recommendation
Authors: Sondheim Samuel E. , Mattie Angela , Vigil Julie , McCulloch Christina , Feinn Richard 
Published: May 2020

AbstractHospital rating agencies exist to inform consumers through publicly available patient safety data. The large number of rating agencies, the variability in their methodologies and data presentations leave few consumers considering these data in making healthcare decisions. The objective of this study was to analyze the comparability of data from four different healthcare rating agencies to understand whether there exists a correlation among the rating agencies’ published data. Four well‐known rating agencies' data were gathered for 30 Connecticut hospitals and analyzed using correlation methods. The overall rating score was used for comparison accounting for patients’ probability of referencing this score in determining a hospital’s safety. The results indicate little or no correlation between ratings of Connecticut hospitals among the reviewed rating agencies. The only statistically significant correlation was between CMS and Leapfrog. The lack of correlation among rating agencies’ publicly available data identified in this study leads to consumer confusion. This research provides support for the need for a valid, reliable, and transparent healthcare rating system to inform patient decision making. These findings can be used to advocate for a legislatively mandated national reporting system that focuses on user understanding of the data.
Impacts of Madden–Julian oscillation on tropical cyclone activity over the South China Sea: Observations versus HiRAM simulations
Authors: Dao Lan Thi , Yu Jia‐Yuh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the impacts of Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) on tropical cyclone (TC) activity over the western North Pacific (WNP), with a focus on the South China Sea (SCS), based on results from observations and high‐resolution atmospheric model (HiRAM) simulations. Observational analyses show that MJO imposes marked impacts on TC genesis over the SCS, with more (less) TC formations during the enhanced (suppressed) convection phases of MJO. Moreover, MJO also plays an important role in controlling the tracks of both westward‐moving and eastward‐moving TCs over the SCS. Results from HiRAM simulations indicate that, while the atmospheric model generates an MJO of a faster propagation, the general features of TC activity (including genesis and track) changes over the SCS associated with MJO variability have been properly reproduced by HiRAM.
Effectiveness and Safety of Fast Enteral Advancement in Preterm Infants Between 1000 and 2000 g of Birth Weight
Authors: Montealegre‐Pomar Adriana del Pilar , Bertolotto‐Cepeda Ana María , Romero‐Marquez Yoliseth , Muñoz ‐Ramírez Kelly José 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe advancement of enteral nutrition in premature infants is still controversial. Clinicians must provide adequate caloric intake but avoiding feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The aim of this study was to establish the safety and effectiveness of fast enteral advancement by comparing it with traditional advancement.MethodsThis is a controlled randomized clinical trial. Feeding was advanced at 30 mL/kg/d vs 20 mL/kg/d in
premature infants under 34 weeks between 1000 and 1499g birth weight, and at 40 mL/kg/d vs 20 mL/kg/day in those weighing 1500–1999 g. Outcomes included time to reach total enteral nutrition, days of parenteral nutrition (PN) and/or intravenous fluid (IVF), days to recover birth weight, episodes of feeding intolerance, growth and weight gain at 40 weeks, sepsis, hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, NEC, and mortality. Student t‐test or Mann‐Whitney U test, Fisher test or χ2 test, and multiple linear regression were used.ResultsDifferences were found in days to reach total enteral nutrition (slow: 7 [IQR(interquartile range), 6–9], fast: 4 [IQR, 4–6]; P < .001) and days of IVF or PN (slow: 6 [IQR, 4–8], fast: 3 [IQR, 3–5]; P < .001). Fast advancement decreases time to total enteral nutrition by 3 days and PN and/or IVF by up to 5 days. There were no differences in other outcomes.ConclusionsFast enteral advancement decreases the days to reach total enteral nutrition and the days of PN and/or IVF without causing greater feeding intolerance. Additional studies are required for more evidence.
Shifting the paradigm from inhibitors of inflammation to resolvers of inflammation in periodontitis
Authors: Van Dyke Thomas E. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAn initial shift in our understanding of the basis of periodontal disease occurred early in the 2000s. The host response, rather than the bacterial burden, was the principal determinant of the disease. Microbial dysbiosis that occurs in periodontal disease results from a hyperinflammatory state in the host. A second shift in periodontal disease is taking place. This time in the realm of treatment strategies. Rather than targeting antimicrobials or inhibitors of individual inflammatory mediators, preclinical studies support using resolution pharmacology to convert the pro‐inflammatory condition into a non‐inflammatory one, thereby resolving both the local and systemic inflammation associated with periodontal disease. Here, I describe the bases for these shifts in paradigms.
Learning theories and principles in surgical education and technical learning
Authors: Tseng Jennifer 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWhat is important to think about in surgical education and technical skills training? Technical skills training is grounded in social cognitive theory and the concepts of modeling and self‐efficacy. Cognitive and nontechnical learning is critical to supplement the overall proficiency of the surgical learner in performing an operation. Technical learning is cemented by deliberate practice and there is benefit to productive struggle and failure. External cognitive load should be minimized to maximized operative skills advancement.