bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tanshinone IIA Inhibits Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition Through Regulating β-arrestin1 Mediated β-catenin Signaling Pathway in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Song Qing , Yang Liu , Han Zhifen , Wu Xinnan , Li Ruixiao , Zhou Lihong , Liu Ningning , Sui Hua , Cai Jianfeng , Wang Yan , Ji Qing , Li Qi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is a major active ingredient extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, which has been proved to inhibit metastasis of various cancers including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the detailed mechanisms of Tan IIA against CRC metastasis are not well explored. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) exerts an important regulatory role in CRC metastasis, and our previous mechanism studies demonstrated that β-arrestin1 could regulate CRC EMT partly through β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, in this work we investigated whether Tan IIA could regulate CRC EMT through β-arrestin1-mediated β-catenin signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.Methods: The nude mice tail vein metastasis model was established to observe the effect of Tan IIA on CRC lung metastasis in vivo. The lung metastasis was evaluated by living animal imaging and hemaoxylin-eosin staining. The migratory ability of CRC cells in vitro were measured by transwell and wound healing assays. The protein expression and cellular localization of β-arrestin1 and β-catenin were characterized by immunofluorescence staining and western blot. The β-catenin signaling pathway related proteins and EMT associated proteins in CRC cells were detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results: Our results showed that Tan IIA inhibited the lung metastases of CRC cells in vivo and extended the survival time of nude mice. In vitro, Tan IIA increased the expression of E-cadherin, decreased the secretion of Snail, N-cadherin and Vimentin, thus suppressed EMT and the migratory ability of CRC cells. Further study found the mechanism involving in Tan IIA regulating EMT and metastasis, referring to the suppression of β-arrestin1 expression, reduction of β-catenin nuclear localization, thereby the decreased activity of β-catenin signaling. Conclusion: Our data revealed a new mechanism of Tan IIA on the suppression of EMT and metastasis in CRC via β-arrestin1-mediated β-catenin signaling pathway, and provided support for Tan IIA as anti-metastatic agents in CRC.
Extending the global-direction stencil with "face-area-weighted centroid" to unstructured finite volume discretization from integral form
Authors: Kong Lingfa , Dong Yidao , Liu Wei , Zhang Huaibao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Accuracy of unstructured finite volume discretization is greatly influenced by the gradient reconstruction. For the commonly used k-exact reconstruction method, the cell centroid is always chosen as the reference point to formulate the reconstructed function. But in some practical problems, such as the boundary layer, cells in this area are always set with high aspect ratio to improve the local field resolution, and if geometric centroid is still utilized for the spatial discretization, the severe grid skewness cannot be avoided, which is adverse to the numerical performance of unstructured finite volume solver. In previous work, we explored a novel global-direction stencil and combine it with face-area-weighted centroid on unstructured finite volume methods from differential form to realize the skewness reduction and a better reflection of flow anisotropy. Note, however, that the differential form is hard to achieve higher-order accuracy, and in order to set stage for the method promotion on higher-order numerical simulation, in this research, we demonstrate that it is also feasible to extend this novel method to the unstructured finite volume discretization in integral form. Numerical examples governed by linear convective, Euler and Laplacian equations are utilized to examine the correctness as well as effectiveness of this extension. Compared with traditional vertex-neighbor and face-neighbor stencils based on the geometric centroid, the grid skewness is almost eliminated and computational accuracy as well as convergence rate is greatly improved by the global-direction stencil with face-area-weighted centroid. As a result, on unstructured finite volume discretization from integral form, the method also has a better numerical performance.
Dosimetric comparison of helical tomotherapy, volume-modulated arc therapy, and fixed-field intensity-modulated radiation therapy in nasopharyngeal and cervical cancers
Authors: Yu Deyang , Lu Shan , Wang Lei , Hu Xueyuan , Li Xin , Bai Yanling , Zhang Yunyan , Yang Shanshan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare the dosimetric parameters of different radiotherapy plans, helical tomotherapy(HT), volume-modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and fixed-field intensity-modulated radiation therapy (FF-IMRT) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and cervical cancer (CC).Methods: A total of 15 patients with NPC and 15 patients with CC were chosen for retrospective analysis and replanned for HT, VMAT, and FF-IMRT. The prescribed doses of the planning target were 2.12/69.96 Gy, 1.8/59.4 Gy for NPC and 1.8/45 Gy for CC, respectively. The dosimetric parameters of the planning target, organs at risk (OARs), and the efficiency of radiation delivery were assessed and compared using the paired-samples t-test.Results: Compared with VMAT and FF-IMRT, HT plans significantly improved the mean conformity index (CI) and homogeneity index (HI). For the OARs, the HT plans reduced the maximum doses of most organs, such as brainstem, spinal cord, and optic nerves in NPC, and significantly reduced the volume of the high-dose region in NPC and the V30 and V40 of small bowel, rectum, and bladder in CC. However, VMAT evidently reduced the treatment time and improved the efficiency of radiation delivery than HT.Conclusions: For NPC and CC, results showed that HT and VMAT possessed better homogeneity and conformity of the target and better sparing of OARs compared with the conventional FF-IMRT, and HT achieved the best effect. VMAT had the shortest radiation delivery time. The results of this study can provide guidance for the selection of appropriate radiation technologies for patients with NPC and CC who are undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy.
Proton re-irradiation of unresectable recurrent head and neck cancers
Authors: Gordon Konstantin , Gulidov Igor , Semenov Alexey , Golovanova Olga , Koryakin Sergey , Makeenkova Tatyana , Ivanov Sergey , Kaprin Andrey 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose: This study presents a retrospective analysis (efficacy and toxicity) of outcomes in patients with unresectable recurrence of previously irradiated head and neck cancers, treated with proton therapy.Methods: From November 2015 to January 2020, 30 patients with in-field recurrence of head and neck cancer, who were not suitable for surgery, due to medical contraindications, tumor localization or extent, received re-irradiation with intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT). Sites of retreatment included the aerodigestive tract (60%) and base of the skull (40%). The median total dose of prior radiotherapy was 55.0 Gy. The median time to the second course was 38 months. The median re-irradiated tumor volume was 158.1 cm3. Patients were treated with 2.0, 2.4 and 3.0 GyRBE per fraction, with a median EQD2 of 57.6 Gy (α/β=10). Radiation-induced toxicity was recorded according to the RTOG/EORTC criteria.Results: The 1- and 2-years LC, RFS, and OS were 52.6/21.0, 21.9/10.9 and 73.4/8.4%, respectively, with a median follow-up time of 21 months. The median overall survival was 16 months. Acute grade 3 toxicity was observed in 1 patient (3.3%). There were 5 late severe side effects (16.6%), with one death associated with re-irradiation.Conclusion: Re-irradiation with a proton beam can be considered a safe and efficient treatment even for a group of patients with unresectable recurrent H&N cancers.
Adiponectin and 8-epi-PGF2α as intermediate influence factors in weight reduction after legumes consumption: a 12-week randomized controlled trial
Authors: Han Youngmin , Lee Jong Ho , Kim Minjoo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background and Aims:

The current nutritional intervention study was designed to determine the effect of legume on body weight in obese subjects.
Methods

Randomized controlled study of 12 weeks with 383 participants (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) was enrolled for the study. The intervention program consisted of replacing 1/3 refined rice intake with legumes three times per day as a carbohydrate source in high fat diet group. In contrast, low fat diet group was recommended to eat as their usual diet.
Results

In high fat diet group, intake of energy and carbohydrate were lower, while the intake of fat and protein were higher. Mean weight loss at 12 weeks was 2.87 ± 0.21 kg and 0.17 ± 0.11 kg in the high fat diet group and low fat diet group, respectively, and was significantly different between groups (P < 0.001). HDL-cholesterol and adiponectin were increased, while glucose, insulin, triglyceride, HOMA-IR index, and 8-epi-PGF2α were decreased at 12 weeks in the high fat diet group compared with baseline.
Conclusions

The conclusion is that the consumption of legumes may accelerate weight loss accompanied by regulation of adiponectin and 8-epi-PGF2α in obese subjects. Also, increases in plasma adiponectin induced by a larger amount of weight loss may relate to greater activation of insulin resistance.
Trial registrations:

NCT04392882 (Registered 19 May 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04392882?cond=NCT04392882&draw=2&rank=1)
Clinicopathologic Significance of TROP2 and Phospho-TROP2 in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Kushiyama Shuhei , Yashiro Masakazu , Yamamoto Yurie , Sera Tomohiro , Sugimoto Atsushi , Nishimura Sadaaki , Togano Shingo , Kuroda Kenji , Yoshii Mami , Tamura Tatsuro , Toyokawa Takahiro , Tanaka Hiroaki , Muguruma Kazuya , Nakada Hiroshi , Ohira Masaichi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed in epithelial cells. TROP2 overexpression has been reported to be correlated with malignant progression in most carcinomas, but TROP2 showed a tumor-suppressive function in some types of cancers. We currently developed a novel antibody against phospho-TROP2 (pTROP2). Since the function of TROP2 is controversial, we then aimed to clarify the clinicopathologic significance of TROP2 and pTROP2 expression in human gastric cancer (GC) in this study.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 704 GC patients who underwent gastrectomy. The expressions of TROP2 and pTROP2 in each tumor were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. We analyzed the correlation between the GC patients' clinicopathologic features and the TROP2 and pTROP2 expression in their tumors.Results: Overexpression of TROP2 and that of pTROP2 were identified in 330 (46.9%) and 306 (43.5%) of the 704 GC patients, respectively. TROP2 overexpression was significantly correlated with the histological intestinal type, high tumor invasion depth (T3/T4), lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion, and venous invasion. In contrast, pTROP2 overexpression was significantly correlated with intestinal type, low tumor invasion depth (T1/2), no lymph node metastasis, and no lymphatic invasion. TROP2 overexpression was significantly associated with poorer overall survival (p<0.01, log rank), whereas pTROP2 overexpression was significantly associated with better overall survival (p<0.01, log rank).Conclusion: TROP2, but not pTROP2, might be associated with the metastatic ability of GC, resulting in poor prognoses for GC patients.
A Comparative Study of Chronic Subdural Hematoma in Patients With and Without Head Trauma
Authors: Ou Yunwei , Yu Xiaofan , Liu Xiaojuan , Jing Qian , Liu Baiyun , Liu Weiming 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Clinical features in chronic subdural hematomas (CSDH) patients with and without history of head trauma are not clear. Here, we seek to investigate difference of clinical characteristics in CSDH patients with and without head trauma.Methods: Retrospectively collected clinical characteristics of CSDH patients, who were performed exhaustive drainage strategy in burr-hole craniostomy from August 2011 to May 2019. Divided patients into trauma and no trauma groups. Chi-square test or t-test was used to analyze differences of clinical characteristics between two groups. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to analyze relationships between clinical characteristics and reduction of hematoma cavity and length of hospital stay in CSDH patients with trauma.Results: 1,307 CSDH patients were collected. 805 patients occurred history of head trauma, 502 patients without it. Mean age of patients with trauma was 64.0 ± 16.1 years, while 61.5 ± 17.9 years in patients without trauma (p=0.010). More patients occurred hypertension in without trauma group than trauma group (40.2% vs 32.9%, p=0.007). Dizziness occurred in 29.2% patients with trauma, 23.1% in patients without trauma (p=0.016). Reduction of hematoma cavity after surgery in patients without trauma was less than ones with trauma (p=0.002). Length of hospital stay in patients with trauma was 7.9 ± 4.5 days, which was longer than patients without trauma (7.3 ± 3.7 days, p=0.016). No significantly different densities of hematoma on CT, complications, mortality, recurrence rate and outcome were found between two groups.Conclusion: Pathogenesis and some clinical characteristics occur differences in CSDH patients with and without trauma, but if we choose an optimal treatment method, such as our exhaustive drainage, and we can achieve the same effect.
Blood Metabolomic Profiling Predicts Postoperative Gastrointestinal Function Of Colorectal Surgical Patients Under The Guidance Of Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy
Authors: Xie Tao , Jiang Zhengyu , Wen Cen , Shen Du , Bian Jinjun , Liu Shanshan , Deng Xiaoming , Zha Yanping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Postoperative gastrointestinal function influences postoperative recovery and hospital stay length for patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) restricts fluid administration to an amount required to prevent dehydration. Although the fluid management of GDFT could decrease the incidence of postoperative complications in patients who undergo high-risk surgery, certain patients may not respond to GDFT. Thus, to achieve optimal treatment, identification of patients suitable for GDFT is necessary. Accordingly, in this study, we evaluated the predictive capacity of metabolomics profiling for postoperative recovery after surgery for colorectal cancer.Methods: Metabolomic profiling of 48 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgery was performed. Patients were divided into delayed- and enhanced-recovered groups based on gastrointestinal function within 72 hours, and the results of -omics analysis showed differential serum metabolites between the two groups of patients in the postanesthesia care unit 24 hours after surgery. A support vector machine model was applied to evaluate the curative effects of GDFT in different patients.Results: Four metabolites, oleamide, ubiquinone-1, acetylcholine, and oleic acid, were found to be highly associated with postoperative gastrointestinal function and could serve as potential biomarkers. Moreover, four pathways were found to be highly related to postoperative gastrointestinal recovery. Among these, the vitamin B6 metabolism pathway may be a common pathway for improving postoperative recovery in various diseases.Conclusion: Our findings proposed a novel method to predict postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function based on metabolomic profiling and suggested the potential mechanisms contributing to gastrointestinal function after surgical resection of colorectal cancer under the fluid management of GDFT. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1800015899, Registered 27 April 2018, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=26623
The associations between social, built and geophysical environment and age-specific dementia mortality in a high-density Asian city
Authors: Ho Hung Chak , Fong Kenneth N.K. , Chan Ta-Chien , Shi Yuan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAlthough socio-environmental factors which may affect dementia have widely been studied, the mortality of dementia and environmental relationships have seldom been discussed. Method: A register-based study was conducted to evaluate the relationships of four individual-level social measures, two community-level social measures, six short-term (temporal-varying) environmental measures, and four long-term (spatial-varying) environmental measures with dementia mortality in a high-density Asian city (Hong Kong), for the following decedents: 1) all ages, 2) “old-old”: age >= 85, 3) “mid-old”: aged 75 - 84, and 4) “young-old”: aged 65 – 74. ResultsThis study identified 5438 deaths (3771 old-old; 1439 mid-old; 228 young-old) from dementia out of 228,600 all-cause deaths among older adults in Hong Kong between 2007 and 2014. Generally, regional air pollution, being unmarried or female, older age, and daily O3 were associated with higher dementia mortality, while more urban compactness and greenness were linked to lower dementia mortality. Specifically, being unmarried and age effect was linked to higher dementia mortality among the “old-old”, “mid-old” and “young-old”. Regional air pollution was linked to increased dementia mortality, while urban compactness and greenness were associated with lower dementia mortality among the “old-old” and “mid-old”. Higher daily O3 had higher dementia mortality, while districts with a greater percentage of residents whose native language is not Cantonese was linked to lower dementia mortality among the “old-old”. Economic inactivity was associated with increased dementia mortality among the “young-old”. Gender effect varied by age.ConclusionThe differing strengths of association of various factors with dementia mortality among different age groups implies the need for a comprehensive framework for community health planning. In particular, strategies for air quality control, usage of greenspace and social space, and activity engagement to reduce vulnerability at all ages are warranted.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol Examining the Clinical Characteristics and Epidemiological Features of Olfactory Dysfunction in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Tan Rosemond Qian-Xiu , Li Wai Tak Victor , Shum Wing-Zi , Chu Sheung Chit , Li Hang-Long , Shea Yat-Fung , Chung Tom Wai-Hin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused recurring and major outbreaks in multiple human populations around the world. The plethora of clinical manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been described extensively, of which COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction (OD) has been recognised as an important and common symptom of COVID-19 infection. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed articles, which described clinical data of smell disturbances and OD in COVID-19 patients.MethodsThis research protocol has been prospectively registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42020196202). Accordingly, PubMed (MEDLINE) articles published from 1st January 2020 to 10th June 2020 will be searched using the following keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, 2019-nCoV, or novel coronavirus. Systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and the Meta-analyses Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. Articles will be screened according to the pre-specified inclusion and exclusion criteria. Included articles will be reviewed in full; data including patient demographics, clinical characteristics of COVID-19-related OD, methods of olfactory assessment, and relevant clinical outcomes will be extracted. Statistical analyses will be performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3.DiscussionThis systematic review and meta-analysis will exclusively evaluate OD as a symptom of COVID-19 infection. We aim to collate and synthesise all available clinical evidence regarding COVID-19-related OD. A comprehensive search strategy and screening process will be used to ensure that all relevant clinical data are included for statistical analysis and representation. The outcome of this study will improve our understanding of the symptomatology and clinical characteristics of COVID-19-related OD and serves to identify knowledge gaps in its disease process, which will guide future research regarding this specific neurosensory impairment.Systematic Review registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020196202
Impact of Remittances Inflows and Macroeconomic Stability on Poverty in Nigeria (1977-2014)
Authors: Onoja Anthony O. , Chagwiza Clarietta 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The study explored the trend and effects of macroeconomic conditions on poverty (using household consumption as proxy for poverty) in Nigeria. It also analyzed how foreign migration remittances affect aggregate household poverty. It relied on secondary data analyzed using trend and cointegration analysis. It was found that on the long run, when gleaned from the perspective of aggregate household consumption, level of poverty in the country could be explained by economic growth (GDP per capita current USD, lngdp), volume of export trade as percentage of GDP (lnexptrgdp), official exchange rate of Nigerian Naira to USD (lnforex), inflation rate (lninf) and age dependency ratio of population (proxy for aggregate level of unemployment) (lnagedprat). Efforts must be put in place to promote youth employment opportunities, export market access to Small and medium scale enterprises, proper management of foreign exchange regimes. Since migration is not a sustainable source of income for the country, Nigerian authorities must provide education and skills acquisition opportunities too and enhanced working conditions to reduce dependency on immigration as a source of poverty reduction in households.
Diagnostic Value of 18F-FDG PET/MRI For Staging in Patients With Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Tsuyoshi Hideaki , Tsujikawa Tetsuya , Yamada Shizuka , Okazawa Hidehiko , Yoshida Yoshio 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the diagnostic potential of PET/MRI with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in ovarian cancer.
Materials and Methods
Participants comprised 103 patients with suspected ovarian cancer underwent pretreatment 18F-FDG PET/MRI, contrast-enhanced CT (ceCT) and pelvic dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (ceMRI). Diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/MRI and ceMRI for assessing the characterization and the extent of the primary tumor (T stage) and 18F-FDG PET/MRI and ceCT for assessing nodal (N stage) and distant (M stage) metastases was evaluated by two experienced readers. Histopathological and follow-up imaging results were used as the gold standard. The McNemar test was employed for statistical analysis.
Results
Accuracy for the characterization of suspected ovarian cancer was significantly better for 18F-FDG PET/MRI (92.5%) than for ceMRI (80.6%; p < 0.05). Accuracy for T status was 96.4% and 92.9% for 18F-FDG PET/MRI and ceMRI/ceCT, respectively. Patient-based accuracies for N and M status were 100% and 100% for 18F-FDG PET/MRI and 85.2% and 30.8% for ceCT and M staging representing significant differences (p < 0.01). Lesion-based sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for N status were 78.6%, 95.7% and 93.9% for 18F-FDG PET/MRI and 42.9%, 96.6% and 90.8% for ceCT.
Conclusions
Use of 18F-FDG PET/MRI offers higher diagnostic value for the characterization and M staging than ceMRI and ceCT, and diagnostic value for T and N staging equivalent to ceMRI and ceCT, suggesting that 18F-FDG PET/MRI might represent a useful diagnostic alternative to conventional imaging modalities in ovarian cancer.