bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of B2O3 doping on the crystalline structure and performance of DC-magnetron-sputtered, transparent ZnO thin films
Authors: Tuan Thanh Pham Anh , Ai Thi Nguyen Phuong , Kim Thi Phan Yen , Huu Nguyen Truong , Van Hoang Dung , Kieu Truong Le Oanh , Bach Phan Thang , Cao Tran Vinh 
Published: June 2020

The transparent-conducting performance is estimated through figure-of-merit (FOM) value. To improve poor FOM value of pure ZnO thin films, boron (

B

) as a donor impurity was doped into the films. Direct-current magnetron sputtering was used to prepare

B

-doped ZnO (BZO) thin films from sintered ZnO targets with variable

B

2

O

3

content changing from 0 to 2 wt. %. The x ray diffraction analysis confirmed the preferably

c

-axis-oriented structure of hexagonal wurtzite ZnO host. The results also showed variation in the film structure versus the

B

2

O

3

content through calculations of crystal size and residual stress. Depending on the

B

2

O

3

content, a competition of interstitial and substitutional

B

3
+

ions induced more stress or relaxation in lattice structure of the films. At 1%

B

2

O

3

, the BZO thin film had the best crystalline characterization with the lowest stress and large crystal size. In consequence, the BZO 1% film obtained the lowest resistivity of

2.7

×

1

0

−
3

Ω

c
m

, average transmittance of 82.1%, and the best FOM value of

18.8

×

1

0

2

Ω

−
1

c

m

−
1

. The transparent-conducting performance of the ZnO thin films deposited by direct-current (DC) magnetron sputtering was significantly enhanced through

B

doping. The good-performance BZO film at 1%

B

2

O

3

is believed to be of use as electrodes in thin-film solar cells.
Analog fiber-wireless downlink transmission of IFoF/mmWave over in-field deployed legacy PON infrastructure for 5G fronthauling
Authors: Kanta K. , Pagano A. , Ruggeri E. , Agus M. , Stratakos I. , Mercinelli R. , Vagionas C. , Toumasis P. , Kalfas G. , Giannoulis G. , Miliou A. , Lentaris G. , Apostolopoulos D. , Pleros N. , Soudris D. , Avramopoulos H. 
Published: June 2020

We present a fixed mobile convergence topology for analog intermediate frequency over fiber (A-IFoF)/millimeter-wave (mmWave) transmission, benefiting from the reuse of the deployed passive optical network (PON) infrastructure, towards future mobile fronthaul architectures. Powerful fully programmable gate array boards located inside the access nodes convert the Ethernet-based traffic to orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-modulated intermediate frequency (IF) waveforms, supporting the A-IFoF propagation through the optical legacy infrastructure. Coexistence of the 5G traffic with the residential legacy traffic for the field propagation is achieved through utilization of unused C-band channels and wavelength-division multiplexing. To this extent, we experimentally demonstrate the downlink operation of a converged A-IFoF/mmWave link, over Telecom Italia’s legacy infrastructure located at Turin. Four-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM)-OFDM and 16QAM-OFDM IF signals with

∼

200

M
H
z

and 400 MHz bandwidth [considered within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) New Radio specifications] were generated through a radio frequency system-on-chip platform and optically multiplexed with the legacy fiber-to-the-home services. After propagation to the field, the A-IFoF stream was directly fed to a directional wireless link operating at 60 GHz. Successful PON/over-the-air transmission with error vector magnitude (EVM) values well below the 3GPP (

<

12.5
%

) requirements for 5G New Radio was demonstrated, with a 10.5% EVM for 16QAM-OFDM modulated with 400 MHz bandwidth.
Numerical method for analyzing the near-field enhancement of nonspherical dielectric-core metallic-shell particles accounting for the nonlocal dispersion
Authors: Eremin Yuri , Doicu Adrian , Wriedt Thomas 
Published: June 2020

Over the last few decades, dielectric core and metallic plasmonic shell (Die@Me) nanoparticles have found a wide variety of applications. The trend to reduce the thickness of the metallic coating requires to account for the influence of the nonlocal dispersion on the spectral response of such nanoparticles. In this paper, we use the discrete sources method and the generalized nonlocal optical response model to describe the nonlocality within the plasmonic metal shell. We found that the variation of the plasmonic shell thickness and the elongation of the nonspherical core-shell particle can enlarge the near-field enhancement and the absorption cross section by an order of magnitude. Besides, we show that the nonlocal dispersion can decrease the field enhancement in the wavelength domain up to 2.5 times with a small blue-shift of about 5 nm.
ScVO4:Bi3+ thermographic phosphor particles for fluid temperature imaging with sub-°C precision
Authors: Abram Christopher , Wilson Panjikkaran Irin , Ogugua Simon Nnalue , Fond Benoit 
Published: June 2020

We synthesized and characterized

S
c
V

O

4

:

B

i

3
+

thermographic phosphor particles and demonstrated their use as a tracer for temperature imaging in a near-ambient temperature liquid flow using a single laser/camera luminescence lifetime dual-frame ratio-based method. Owing to a high temperature sensitivity of up to 6%/°C, the single-shot single-pixel temperature precision at a 400 µm spatial resolution is better than

±
0

.

4
∘

C

(

1

σ

) across the 20 to 60°C range, representing a factor

>

5

improvement compared to previous works using thermographic phosphors. The measurement duration is on the order of the luminescence lifetime (2 µs), which is applicable in both gas and liquid flows. This is a general temperature imaging method for sensitive measurements in dynamic fluid mechanics and thermal science applications.
Subwavelength engineering for Brillouin gain optimization in silicon optomechanical waveguides
Authors: Zhang Jianhao , Ortiz Omar , Le Roux Xavier , Cassan Eric , Vivien Laurent , Marris-Morini Delphine , Lanzillotti-Kimura Norberto Daniel , Alonso-Ramos Carlos 
Published: June 2020

Brillouin optomechanics has recently emerged as a promising tool to implement new functionalities in silicon photonics, including high-performance opto-RF processing and nonreciprocal light propagation. One key challenge in this field is to maximize the photon–phonon interaction and the phonon lifetime, simultaneously. Here, we propose a new, to the best of our knowledge, strategy that exploits subwavelength engineering of the photonic and phononic modes in silicon membrane waveguides to maximize the Brillouin gain. By properly designing the dimensions of the subwavelength periodic structuration, we tightly confine near-infrared photons and GHz phonons, minimizing leakage losses and maximizing the Brillouin coupling. Our theoretical analysis predicts a high mechanical quality factor of up to 700 and a remarkable Brillouin gain yielding

3500

(

W

⋅

m

)

−
1

for minimum feature size of 50 nm, compatible with electron-beam lithography. We believe that the proposed waveguide with subwavelength nanostructure holds great potential for the engineering of Brillouin optomechanical interactions in silicon.
Sustainable Approaches to Waste Management: Regulatory and Financial Instruments
Authors: Kutsevych Maksym , Yara Olena , Golovko Liudmyla , Terpeliuk Volodymyr 
Published: June 2020

with the provisions and principles of EU waste policy and development of suggestions for improvement of Ukrainian law. The article provide an overview of EU waste legislation, main EU investment policy and its contributions to municipalities in the area of solid municipal waste management. The ways of ecological modernization of the management of solid municipal waste were investigated. Proposals for implementation of experience of EU member states, which has proved itself in practice, were made. Keywords: EU waste management, EU law, adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to EU standards, financial instruments
Assessing the Performance of Factors Affecting the Profitability of the Banking System: Evidence from Kosovo
Authors: Durguti Esat A. , Krasniqi Enver H. , Krasniqi Dea 
Published: June 2020

This review done by empirical surveillance observes the significances of a number of the explicit factors of the bank that are matching to bank governance, financial market configuration on one hand, and macroeconomic aspects of the Kosovo bank's performance on another hand. The Management and assessment of Kosovo's bank effectiveness were accomplished through two indicators return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). To recognize this assessment, the OLS, and Arellano-Bond (GMM) regression method will be applied with the data used from the financial statements of Kosovo banks on a periodical basis over the period 2006-2019. Based on the challenging environments in which the banking system of Kosovo has passed, we have carefully chosen some specific determinants of the banking industry, as well as some of the macroeconomic determinants. The outcomes propose that upcoming studies may contain diverse dynamic models as well as altered dependent and independent features to elucidate the performance of Kosovo banks. Keywords: Bank’s profitability, time series, OLS regression, GMM.
Potential Use of Lactobacillus plantarum 1UHCC as a Bio-hydrolyzer in the Development of the Sustainable Food Industry in Indonesia
Authors: Said Muhammad Irfan , Abustam Effendi , Nur Yuliati Farida , Hasma H. , Alvina A. 
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study aimed to evaluate the potential and performance of Lactobacillus plantarum 1 UHCC (L.plantarum 1UHCC) bacteria as bio-hydrolyzer of the food industry in Indonesia. As much as 100g of fresh hide from Balinese cattle were used as a substrate. The fermentation time was carried out at 3 time levels, namely: 24 hours (T-24); 48 hours (T-48) and 72 hours (T-72). The bacteria were used L.plantarum which was isolated from milkfish extract. The results showed that in the solution of L.plantarum bacteria using collagen substrate of cattle hide, pH values were increased and the lactic acid levels were decreased significantly. The pH value and the lactic acid level of the solution were respectively around 5.77±0.03-6.13±0.02 and 1.65±0.26-2.02±0.05%. The total bacteria has increased and dissolved protein has decreased for fermentation time, but in general it is not significant. Total bacteria and dissolved proteins respectively 4.5±0.98-5.5±2.29 Log10CFU/mL and 36.98±3.37-40.25±1.54 mg/mL. The application of 24 hours (T-24) fermentation time to L.plantarum bacteria using collagen substrate of cattle hide skin was considered as the optimum time to be applied in the fermentation process. Bacteria L.plantarum 1UHCC has the ability to hydrolyze collagen protein components, especially collagen extracts from cattle hide. Bacteria L.plantarum 1UHCC has the potential to be developed as a bio-hydrolyzer organism. Bacteria L.plantarum 1UHCC plays a very important role in the development of the food industry, especially in Indonesia. Keywords: Bacteria, Cattle hide, Collagen, Fermentation, L.plantarum 1UHCC
Does Economic Integration Affect Inequality in Developing Countries? Evidence from a Global Sample
Authors: Tung Le Thanh , Thang Pham Nang , Uyen Lam Tu 
Published: June 2020

Economic integration plays an important role in promoting economic growth. However, it can also increase inequality, although the relationship between economic integration and inequality is still unclear. Our paper aims to study the impact of economic integration on income inequality with a global sample regarding 59 developing countries collected from 1996-2016. Besides, we divide the overall sample into three smaller examples including developing countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin-America. Unlike previous studies, our research results confirm that economic integration has a multidimensional impact on inequality in countries. In detail, trade openness can help to reduce inequality, however, foreign direct investment increases inequality during the study period. The Kuznets' inverted-U curve among income and inequality is confirmed in the cases including the overall sample, Asia and Africa, excluding for the Latin-America. Finally, technology development and remittances are found to play a negative impact on inequality, while inflation leads to an increase in inequality level in developing countries. Keywords: economic integration, inequality, trade openness, FDI, Kuznets, developing country
Innovative Environmental Strategy for Sustainable Development
Authors: Kaletnik Grygorii , Lutkovska Svitlana 
Published: June 2020

This article investigates the development of an innovative strategy for environmentally sustainable development. The breakthrough strategy has been found to be an activity-based structure and system of activities to accelerate growth. It has been found out that, in form and substance, all practical business development strategies depend on specific internal and external circumstances. It is proved that when developing breakthrough strategies for socio-economic development of a country, it is necessary to be guided by certain methodical techniques or rules, namely: scientific and applied justification; identifying and progressively improving an attractive value proposition; development and continuous improvement of the business model; drawing up and implementing an action plan; forming the focus of all participants in the breakthrough strategy on the achievement of strategic goals. The main products of the breakthrough strategy are found to be the organizational mission, value proposition, business model and set of projects and programs that form the breakthrough strategy cycle [2, 4]. It is found that there are different types of breakthrough strategies, among them the following: 1) storming strategy; 2) lagging behind in leaders; 3) expansion of horizons; 4) change of form [3]. Breakthrough strategies in the industry include the introduction of modern innovative industrial technologies on the basis of support for the development of high-tech industries (increasing production of domestic aviation and space technology, instrumentation, electronic technology, nanotechnology, medical technology), harnessing the potential of Ukraine to expand medium-tech production automotive, newest rolling stock and other railway equipment), Stim fostering the creation of new innovation development poles (creation of innovation clusters in the regions of Ukraine)[4]. It is proved that sustainable environmental development is impossible without the formation and use of appropriate management potential, that is, the ability of managers is qualified to "launch" all other potentials. It has been determined that the goal of green economy development should be to achieve a higher level of well-being while simultaneously solving resource-ecological and social problems. Keywords: strategy, innovation, environmental security, sustainable development.
The Law Commission presumption concerning the dependability of computer evidence
Authors: Ladkin Peter Bernard , Littlewood Bev , Thimbleby Harold , Thomas Martyn 
Published: June 2020

In this paper Peter Bernard Ladkin, Bev Littlewood, Harold Thimbleby and Martyn Thomas CBE consider the condition set out in section 69(1)(b) of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE 1984) that reliance on computer evidence should be subject to proof of its correctness, and compare it to the 1997 Law Commission recommendation that a common law presumption be used that a computer operated correctly unless there is explicit evidence to the contrary (LC Presumption). The authors understand the LC Presumption prevails in current legal proceedings. They demonstrate that neither section 69(1)(b) of PACE 1984 nor the LC presumption reflects the reality of general software-based system behaviour.
Index words: Law Commission; presumption computers are reliable; software impossible to be correct
Konfessionell-kooperativer Religionsunterricht. Zwischenbilanz und Zukunftsperspektiven
Authors: Simojoki Henrik , Woppowa Jan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Enshrined in the Basic Law, Religious Education (RE) in Germany at schools is .confessional. - and hence closely linked to the religious communities, in particular the Catholic and the Protestant church. This does, however, not imply a mono-denominational structure (and even less a catechetical approach) of RE in Germany. On the contrary, due to the ongoing pluralisation, educational innovations and ecumenical progress, inter-denominational cooperation has become a decisive feature of RE in Germany in the last decades, with a plurality of forms and regional variations. This article gives an overview over the current state of this specific type of RE in German federal states. It accentuates conceptual innovations and structural improvements, but also critically reflects on some underlying tendencies which contradict the basic ecumenical and inclusive intention of inter-denominational cooperation. Finally, perspectives for further development are presented.
Od różnicy do etyki różnicy. Feministyczna filozofia Luce Irigaray
Authors: Cielemęcka Olga 
Published: June 2020

Artykuł zawiera interpretację pojęcia różnicy płciowej w myśli Luce Irigaray, urodzonej w Belgii feministycznej filozofki, psychoanalityczki i lingwistki. Zaproponowane odczytanie tej kategorii polega na wyróżnieniu dwóch jej ujęć: (1) różnicy jako separacji oraz (2) różnicy jako twórczego, produktywnego obszaru spotkania. Rozróżnienie to zostaje użyte dla zbadania możliwości wykorzystania pojęcia różnicy płciowej w następujących kontekstach: po pierwsze, skonstruowania modelu podmiotowości, który przezwyciężałby kryzys wyrażony hasłem „śmierci podmiotu”, polegający na redukcji podmiotu we współczesnej myśli filozoficznej do jego słabej, płynnej bądź też ujarzmionej postaci; po drugie – stworzenia pewnego nowego projektu etycznego.
Feminizm a fenomenologia – w kontekście poszukiwania albo konstruowania kobiecej tożsamości
Authors: Adamiak Marzena 
Published: June 2020

Jednym z istotnych współcześnie obszarów oddziaływania fenomenologii jest myśl feministyczna. Związki między feminizmem a fenomenologią obecne są przede wszystkim w refleksji na temat cielesności, tożsamości, a także spotkania z Innym. Interpretacja fenomenologii przez pryzmat współczesnych koncepcji feministycznych umożliwia inspirującą recepcję oraz identyfikowanie problemów fenomenologii z odmiennej perspektywy. Natomiast ponieważ fenomenologia jest sposobem myślenia poprzez poszukiwanie i opis źródłowych doświadczeń, feminizm odnajduje w fenomenologii metodę pozwalającą docierać do istoty kobiecości. Warto więc zapytać, na ile użyteczny jest fenomenologiczny punkt wyjścia dla feministycznego opisu płci kulturowej?
Towards Feminist Ethics of Love and the New Emotional Culture of Late Capitalism
Authors: Szachowicz-Sempruch Justyna 
Published: June 2020

My paper explores contemporary socio-political aspects of love-as-power within the newly emerging context of feminist ethics of love, as well as in a broader sense of neoliberal commodification of self-centrism and philosophical urgency for articulating love as togetherness, responsibility and solidarity with others. My theoretical analysis begins with the tensions between the early 20th century collective consciousness represented by the feminist socialist formulations of love as responsibility for the outside world and the existentialist anxiety as related to individual alienation. My analysis culminates in the re-emergence of non-monogamous bonding in Europe as a trope for a new precariousness of family enactments extending beyond the nuclear heteronormativity in the 21st century.
Efficacy and safety of dopamine agonists in patients treated with antipsychotics and presenting a macroprolactinoma
Authors: Allard Lucie , Albarel Frédérique , Bertherat Jérôme , Caron Philippe Jean , Cortet Christine , Courtillot Carine , Delemer Brigitte , Jublanc Christel , Maiter Dominique , Nunes Marie Laure , Raverot Gerald , Sarfati Julie , Salenave Sylvie , Corruble Emmanuelle , Choucha Walid , Chanson Philippe 
Published: June 2020

Context
In patients treated with antipsychotics, the rare occurrence of a macroprolactinoma represents a therapeutic challenge.

Objective
Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and psychiatric safety of dopamine agonists (DAs) prescribed for large macroprolactinomas in patients with psychosis treated with antipsychotics.

Design
This was a multicenter (France and Belgium) retrospective study.

Patients
Eighteen patients treated with antipsychotics were included.

Results
Under DA, median PRL levels decreased from 1247 (117–81 132) to 42 (4–573) ng/mL (P = 0.008), from 3850 (449–38 000) to 141 (60–6000) ng/mL (P = 0.037) and from 1664 (94–9400) to 1215 (48–5640) ng/mL (P = 0.56) when given alone (n = 8), before surgery (n = 7), or after surgery (n = 6), respectively. The prolactinoma median largest diameter decreased by 28% (0–57) in patients under DAs alone (P = 0.02) but did not change when given after surgery. Optic chiasm decompression was achieved in 82% of patients. Five patients (28%) were admitted for psychotic relapse while receiving DAs (but three of them had stopped antipsychotic treatment at that time). A more severe underlying psychosis, rather than the DA treatment itself, may explain such psychiatric admissions.

Conclusion
Even if the DA efficacy on PRL levels and tumor volume in patients with macroprolactinoma under antipsychotic drugs is less impressive than that typically observed, it may be considered satisfactory for half of our patients, particularly in cases of optic chiasm compression. Psychotic exacerbation was unusual in these patients, occurring mostly in those with the most severe psychotic forms. DAs may therefore be used as antitumor treatment for macroprolactinoma in patients with visual involvement, severe headaches or invasion into the skull base who receive antipsychotics.
The Rise of Fungi: A Report on the CIFAR Program Fungal Kingdom: Threats & Opportunities Inaugural Meeting
Authors: Case Nicola T , Heitman Joseph , Cowen Leah E 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The first meeting of the CIFAR Fungal Kingdom: Threats & Opportunities research program saw the congregation of experts on fungal biology to address the most pressing threats fungi pose to global health, agriculture, and biodiversity. This report covers the research discussed during the meeting and the advancements made toward mitigating the devastating impact of fungi on plants, animals, and humans.