bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation on the comprehensive degradation effect of photocatalytic pavement material on vehicle exhaust gas
Authors: Guo Yongmei , Jie Yadong , Shen Xinyuan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In order to evaluate the comprehensive degradation effect of photocatalytic pavement material on vehicle exhaust gas, the test samples were prepared by the spraying and mixing methods separately. The concentration variation of nitrogen oxide (mainly NO), hydrocarbons (HC) and CO was measured by using vehicle exhaust gas degradation test in the mixed input mode to simulate road working conditions, and the evolution law of each pollutant instantaneous degradation rate with time was analyzed. The results show that the concentration of each pollutant in vehicle exhaust gas will decrease by itself under ultraviolet (UV) radiation, but the speed is very slow, and photocatalytic pavement containing nano-TiO2 can play a significant role in improving degradation efficiency. The efficiency of photocatalytic pavement material to degrade different pollutants is unbalanced, so its comprehensive degradation effect on vehicle exhaust gas can not be reflected by the degradation evaluation index to a single pollutant. In this study, a new evaluation index suitable for vehicle exhaust gas degradation test in the mixed input mode is put forward, which called comprehensive degradation rate (CDR). Its value is the instantaneous comprehensive degradation rate (ICDR) when any pollutant appears degradation failure. This index can not only reflect the comprehensive degradation effect of photocatalytic pavement material on vehicle exhaust gas, but also show its maximum degradation capacity to each pollutant.
Study on Probability Model of Freezing Damage of Walnut’s florescence in Central and Southern Hebei Province
Authors: Shi Hairui , Sun Donglei , Xu Shuang , Hao Jufei , Yang Lina 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on the surface meteorological data of 11 national meteorological stations in the main walnut producing areas of central and southern Hebei province from 1960 to 2017, three distribution functions, including normal distribution, Gumbel distribution and Weibull distribution functions are used to fit the minimum temperature of walnut flowering period, and a probability model of low temperature freezing damage is proposed. The results show that the commonly used probability model is not generally applicable to the freezing damage of walnut’s florescence; different sites of freezing damage of walnut blossom obeyed different probabilistic distribution, Weibull distribution model is more fitting to Gaocheng and Shexian than that of normal distribution fitting model, and the normal distribution model is much suitable for 9 sites such as Lianyuan than Weibull distribution model; comparing the stations in mountainous and plain areas, the mean value varies with the latitudes. The mean value of stations in the eastern foot of Taihang Mountains decreases with the increase of latitude. However, the mean value of stations in the Inner Hill is lower than that of other stations at the same altitude and latitude due to the influence of geographical topography and microclimate. Therefore, the probability of freezing damage is affected by both mean and standard deviation. The extreme weather is more likely to occur in Laiyuan, Inner Hill, Shexian and Gaocheng. The probability of low temperature occurrence is generally consistent with the altitude and latitude and it is also greatly affected by the geographical topography and microclimate.
Research on the general technical specification for biological filter for nitrogen
Authors: Jin Huang , hongxiang Ren , Xinlu Quan , ling Lin , Xiaoxin Zhang , Hui Huang , Dongyu Lu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Biological filter for nitrogen removal is a new technology of wastewater treatment, which combines biological denitrification and physical filtration. In this paper, the operation status of biological filter for nitrogen removal at home and abroad, the necessity of developing the general technical specification of biological filter for nitrogen removal, and the general technical requirements of biological filter for nitrogen removal are described. Through the application of the research results of the general technical specifications of nitrogen removal biofilters, it is expected to promote the operational efficiency of China’s nitrogen removal biofilters and achieve significant economic, social and environmental benefits.
Forecasting Rainfall with Recurrent Neural Network for irrigation equipment
Authors: Zhou Junyu , Zhang Yubin , Tian Si , Lai Shangding 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The irrigation decision-making system based on Knowledge-based Engineering (KBE) can accurately predict water requirements and realize smart irrigation. Recurrent neural network(RNN) model have recently showed state-of-the-art performance in this system. This paper deals with the problem of long-term rainfall forecasting based on this network which predicts target rainfalls based on contextual information. A novel recurrent neural network with long short term memory(LSTM) is put for model sequence process for forecasting rainfall. Back-propagation through time(BPTT) algorithm is described for updating recurrent network’s weights. Extensive empirical comparison with three networks, Feed-forward neural network (FNN), Wavelet neural network(WNN) and Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Average(ARIMA), are also provided at various numbers of parameters and configurations. Simulation results demonstrate that the recurrent model with LSTM, trained by the suggested methods, outperforms the others networks.
Numerical Simulations to Optimize the Factors Affecting Particle Removal in a Double-storey Sedimentation Tank
Authors: Zhang S , Wang R H , Xu J J 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Euler model was used to simulate the solid-liquid two-phase flow in the double-storey sedimentation tank, and the effects of length and depth proportion of upper and lower storeys on hydraulic state, particle sedimentation, and turbidity removal effect were revealed. The results show that when the length is moderate and the proportion is close to one, the particle concentration at the outlet is relatively small and the difference in flow ratio is small, which basically meets the design. With the reduction of the length, it is difficult for the concentration of the suspended matter in the rear section to settle effectively. When the length is further increased, the solid particles have basically settled to the bottom before reaching the rear. When the proportion of the upper and lower stories is different, the water depth is greatly different, and the flow ratio is greatly different. When the depth of the upper storey is small, the particles deposited on the upper partition have a greater impact on the water quality of the outlet. When the depth of the lower storey is small, the overflow flow is reduced and the velocity is large, which is not good for the sludge deposition.
Growth and nutrient characteristics of Pinus massoniana in a Southern red soil
Authors: Yishan Chen , Qiaoling Zhang , Liujun Feng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to provide a reference that could facilitate vegetation restoration activities in Southern red soil regions of China. We investigated the growth and nutrient characteristics of Pinus massoniana. We measured plant heights and diameters at breast height and collected organ samples in three plots in Huangnikeng in Zhuotian Town, Changting County, Fujian Province. There were mostly positive correlations among all Pinus massoniana growth indices, although the correlation between plant height and leaf biomass was negative. Conversely, nutrient concentrations among Pinus massoniana bark, trunk, leaves, branches, and roots differed greatly. The C concentrations of various Pinus massoniana organs were ranked as leaves > bark > branches > trunks > roots; N concentrations, leaves > roots > branches > bark > trunks; P concentrations, leaves > roots > branches > bark > trunk; and K concentrations, roots > leaves > bark > branches > trunk. C:N, C:P, C:K, and N:P were significantly different in different Pinus massoniana organs. The results suggest that the biomass of each organ in Pinus massoniana decreased in the order of trunk, branch, roots, and leaves, and the nutrient concentrations decreased in the order of leaves, roots, bark, branch, and trunk.
One-step co-deposition mussel-inspired PEGylated polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes: robust surface adhesion stability and enhanced anti-protein fouling property
Authors: An Z H , Cao W Q , Wang H Z , Ruan G L 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Membrane surface design, especially for the anti-protein fouling property, is vital for the development of synthetic polymer ultrafiltration membranes. Although mussel-inspired antifouling coatings have obtained rapid development, the surface chemical adhesion stability still suffers from weak chemical stability especially in strongly alkaline environment. In this paper, the surfaces of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were modified via traditional polydopamine (PDA) coating followed with polyethylene glycol (PEG) immobilization method and PDA/PEG one-step co-deposition strategy. In contrast to general PDA coating, the fabricated membrane surface exhibits excellent chemical adhesion stability under the different solution environment (whatever in neutral deionic water solution, acidic solution (pH=2) or strongly alkaline solution (pH=14)). The membrane surface elementary composition and morphologies were evaluated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The modified membranes obtained via one-step codeposition were confirmed to have excellent hydrophilicity, enhanced coating stability and good dynamic/static anti-protein adhesion properties. Overall, this work provides a facile, robust and useful bio-inspired anti-fouling membrane surface modification strategy for broadening the application in water treatment field of ultrafiltration membranes.
Theoretical study on the ozonolysis of α-humulene in the atmosphere
Authors: Liu Jia’shuo , Lv Guochun , Xu Luyao , Zhang Danna , Peng Hengjun , Sun Xiaomin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

α-Humulene is a major sesquiterpene which is produced by plants and can easily react with ozone in the atmosphere. The ozonolysis mechanism of α-humulene in the atmosphere was investigated by density functional theory and calculated rate constants using transition-state theory in this paper. In the ozonolysis of α-humulene, primary ozonides (POZ) are first formed after an addition reaction. Then, with the broken O-O bond, Criegee intermediates (CIs) are formed. The results discussed the subsequent reaction of CIs in detail, including the formation of secondary ozonide (SOZ) and the reaction of CIs with H2O. For the formation of SOZ, the path of SOZ6 is the best path in all six paths, with a low energy barrier (3.80 kcal mol−1) and high total rate constants (3.34 × 108 s−1) at 298 K and 1 atm. For the reaction of CIs with H2O, the production of P6 is the best path in all six paths, with a low energy barrier (9.87 kcal mol−1) and high total rate constants (9.58 × 10−11 cm3 molecule−1 s−1) at normal temperature and pressure. This work provides reaction mechanisms of the ozonolysis of α-humulene and finds the reliable paths in the subsequent reactions.
Basic characteristics and application of micro-nano bubbles in water treatment
Authors: Zhang Mengdi , Qiu Liping , Liu Guicai 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Recently, micro-nano bubbles (MNBs) have been widely used as a highly efficient and environmentally friendly gas-liquid phase treatment process in sewage and wastewater treatment, aquaculture agriculture, and water ecosystem restoration. In this article, the basic characteristics of MNBs with long residence time, high zeta potential at the interface, generation of hydroxyl radicals, and high mass transfer efficiency were introduced. Firstly, the methods of generating MNBs including hydraulic cavitation, particle cavitation, sonic explanation, electrochemical cavitation were emphasized. Then, the application status of MNBs in water oxygenation, pollutant degradation, and membrane cleaning were discussed. These reviews are expected to provide guidance for the theoretical research and practical application of MNBs.
A large-scale garbage collection system with a garbage delivery mark device
Authors: Yan Qing , Cui Chengsheng , Liu Qin , Jia Lianqin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on the investigation of the existing garbage classification methods, a large-scale garbage recycling system with garbage dropping identification device is proposed and developed, which realizes the scientific garbage classification, improves the throwing efficiency, and ensures the accurate pricing of garbage scientific classification, so as to realize the sustainable development mode of human resources and environment.
Basic characteristics and comprehensive utilization of FGD gypsum
Authors: Yichao Zhang , Ying Wang , Jinghai Zhou , Jiaxi Liu , Tong Li 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Firstly the basic characteristics of Flue-gas-desulfurization gypsum (FGD gypsum) is described in this paper. Then the research status of FGD gypsum is introduced, especially the comprehensive utilization of FGD gypsum. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to solve the problems existing in the application of FGD gypsum, which provides a reference for further research and development.
Case study on the Synchronous Swivel of Large-Weight T-rigid Frame Bridge
Authors: Wang Qinghe , Dong Guoming , Patrick Baligasima , Liu Jiaxi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Swivel technique has been vividly recognized and generally adopted for the T-rigid frame bridge in practice, and this has been achieved by tensioning the prestressed stranding via the ball hinge at the centre of the rigid frame bridge. Although the technique has been adopted and used, very limited study has been devoted to the feasibility of synchronous swivel for double-swing synchronous swivel T-rigid frame bridges to date. This study aims at analysing the construction control of a synchronous swivel T-rigid frame bridge with the self-weight of 12,000 ton for each wing, and providing simplified procedures to determine the unbalanced weight and friction coefficient of the rotating bridge. This study will provide guidance for the future similar projects.
Validation of numerical model based on large-scale shaking table test of liquefied site
Authors: Jia Kemin , Xu Chengshun , Dou Pengfei , Song Jia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on the completed large-scale shaking table test of liquefaction free field, the OpenSees computational platform was used to establish a numerical model of liquefiable free-field shaking table test in this study. In the numerical modeling, simulation of soil displacement and pore pressure using two-phase fully coupled u-p form. The comparison of shaking table test results shows that the established numerical model can reasonably simulate the seismic response of liquefiable soils, and further verify the reliability of the numerical model. At the same time, the distribution characteristics of soil excess pore water pressure at the critical moment were analyzed. This paper provides an effective numerical method for dynamic response analysis of liquefied soil.
Research and Finite Element Analysis of Prefabricated Concrete Box Structure System
Authors: Zhang Xiaomeng , Liu Wenting , Ren Qingying , Li Yongxin , Ding Weilun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes a new type of assembled concrete box structure system, and proposes the relevant shear wall structure and floor structure. The finite element analysis of prefabricated wall is carried out to analyze its mechanical performance and mechanical characteristics, which can provide theoretical basis for further experimental research.
Structural analysis of a Concrete supertall buildings
Authors: Zhang Xiaomeng , Liu Wenting , Ren Haibo , Yang Songlin , Li Yongxin , Liu Xiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A high-rise building, with a height of 146 meters, 4 floors underground and 32 floors above the ground, is a Class B limit of the specification, and belongs to an ultra-high over-limit structure. Through the selection of different structural systems, its structural system is determined as the frame core tube structure. This structure uses YJK, SATWE, PKPM-SAUSAGE for structural analysis, uses performance-based methods for seismic design, and the weak parts of the structure are strengthened accordingly. Structural analysis mainly includes elasticity analysis of small earthquakes, elastic time history analysis of small earthquakes, elastic and inflexion analysis of moderate earthquakes, inflexibility analysis of large earthquakes and elastoplastic time history analysis of large earthquakes.
Study on Fire Characteristics of Typical Atrium
Authors: Wang Yueqiang , Zhang Xuesong , Zhou Jian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
According to the theory of architecture and fire engineering, U-shaped enclosed atrium and full enclosed atrium are selected as the research objects to understand the fire characteristics of typical atrium. The fire characteristics of the two types of atrium are quantitatively studied and the fire characteristic indexes are compared, which provides more objective data for the building fire safety assessment. Based on the research results, the fire protection design suggestions for typical atrium are proposed.
Discussion on the Displacement and Stability of The Soil Nailing
Authors: Hu Hai-ying , Zhang Yu-cheng , Chen Cai-yuan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Because of the advantages such as easy construction, low cost, short construction period and mature construction techniques, soil nailing has been widely used in engineering. However, at present there is lacks of the calculation theory of soil nailing, and shortages also exist in allowable deformation values specified by current specifications: a) the safety factor of soil nailing wall is generally calculated by conventional limit equilibrium method, which has relatively low computational accuracy for complex soil distribution and can not give the relation between deformation and stability of soil nailing structure; b) current soil nailing specifications just simply specify an allowable deformation value without considering features of foundation pit, supporting types and surroundings, and these specifications also determine the early warning value for monitoring without combining the deformation with the stability of foundation pits. Thus, these shortages lead to the downward trend of usage of soil nailing that has good performance-price ratio in fact.
Analysis of the effect of gradation and maximum nominal particle size on coarse aggregate movement
Authors: Gong X , Ai Y C , Liu W D , Ge G H 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe formation of ruts is closely related to the movement of the aggregate. In order to analyze the movement law of the aggregate during compaction, this paper based on the discrete element model, the coordination number, void ratio, average contact force, and axial stress are used as indicators to investigate the effects of gradation and maximum nominal particle size on the law of aggregate movement. The influence of material parameters on aggregate movement was explored from the microscopic level so as to provide suggestions for design grading and improving rutting resistance of asphalt pavements.
The fractal characteristics of C80 high performance concrete pore structure subject to high temperatures
Authors: Fan Y N , Du H X , Shi L N 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The pore structure of C80 high-performance concrete (HPC) without and with 0.2% polypropylene fiber (PPHPC) was tested by mercury intrusion porosimetry, combining with fractal theory, the high temperature, PP fiber, pore parameters and fractal dimension was discussed. Results showed that porosity, the most probable pore size, the volume intermediate pore size and the threshold pore size all increase with the rising of temperature, the deterioration of the internal pore structure becomes serious. The pore growth rate of HPC is higher than PPHPC, and the porosity of HPC is about the same as PPHPC at 600°C. With temperature gradually increased, the fractal dimension of HPC increases first and then decreases, and the PPHPC shows a decreasing trend as a whole. The incorporation of PP fibers improves the internal connectivity of materials, reduces the deterioration of micro-structure after high temperature.
Design and application of 9000KN hydraulic lifting cable-borne crane for suspension bridge steel girder erection
Authors: Deng Nianchun , Qin Zhiyong , Liuyi Wu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBased on the steel girder hoisting construction of Yangsi Port YangtzeRiver Bridge, the bearing capacity, applicability, safety and operation efficiency of 9000KN hydraulic hoisting cable-borne crane are studied. Considering the structural characteristics and parameters of the bridge, the hoisting methods of special beam segment and the construction cost and safety of double cable-borne cranes, the main parameters of the cable-borne crane of the bridge are determined. Then, the structure of cable-borne crane is checked by ANSYS. Finally, the cable-borne crane has been verified by experiment and applied in engineering. The results show that the structure of 9000KN hydraulic lifting cable-borne cranes is safe, reliable, excellent-performance, energy-saving and environmental. The whole structure of the cable-borne cranes adopts modular design and has strong versatility, which is conducive to installation, transportation and turnover utilization, and has brought better economic benefits to society.
Analysis on the causes and prevention measures of the potential safety hazard of the formwork support system
Authors: Yudian Li 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In recent years, with the rapid development of urban modernization, the collapse of formwork support system occurs frequently. The erection of formwork support system has become the key control object in the current construction safety production. This paper summarizes the main reasons for the potential safety hazards of the formwork support system in four aspects. The design of formwork support scheme is lack of guidance; the material and specification of formwork support system do not meet the standard; the formwork erection personnel are not professional; the management concept of the general contractor and subcontractor is different, and the supervision implementation is not complete. In view of the above reasons for the potential safety hazards, this paper innovatively puts forward the use of three-dimensional virtualization technology to make the virtual positioning of the mold support system, increase the mold support system process (three-dimensional positioning, solid line inspection); the frame rental is suggested to be self-sufficient, customized frame materials to establish the internal material catalogue for the use of turnover; sets up a new type of work, carry out assessment and training according to the scaffolders, and understand woodworking skills, so as to promote the standard erection of formwork support system; changes the conventional quota calculation rules, and increases the lower limit usage amount (tonnage calculation) of support system materials per square meter in the subcontract management agreement, so as to limit the abuse of excessive cost control.