bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigations and development of physico-mathematical model of an aerodynamic surface icing in air flow carrying droplets and crystals
Authors: Zhbanov V A , Kashevarov A V , Miller A B , Potapov Yu F , Tokarev O D , Stasenko A L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The icing of aircraft parts during flight in mixed clouds (containing droplets and crystals) is one of important and, at the same time, insufficiently studied cases. In the present work, the effect of melting ratio on icing intensity of wing leading edge is experimentally studied. A physical and mathematical model of crystals accretion on the surface due to their deformation and destruction is proposed.
Microwave gas-discharge device OVOD-1a sanitizing indoor air
Authors: Andreev S N , Barkhudarov E M , Yu Egorova I , Ivashkin P I , Kossyi I A , Misakyan M A , Moryakov I V , Kazartsev D A , Selyaninov Yu O , Tsybulskiy A S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A new UV scanning system OVOD-1a for the indoor air environment, based on high-performance microwave gas-discharge lamps developed at GPI RAS, is described. The first experiments demonstrating the air-cleaning capabilities of UV equipment were carried out. It is shown that in laboratory rooms used for the stay of livestock bred in agriculture, the energy cost of almost complete purification of the air environment from viral and fungal components is of the order of 10−2 kW × h/m3. B acter ial sanita tio n o f the laboratory p re mise s o f the research physical Institute is carried out with an energy cost of ≍ 3 10−3 kW×h/m3. The fundamental physical processes underlying microwave UV lamps, which are the main component of the OVOD-1a sanitation system, are discussed.
Application of laser fluorescence spectroscopy in non-invasive assessment of ultraviolet-induced skin immune response in vivo
Authors: Makmatov-Rys M B , Raznitsyna I A , Mosalskaya D V , Bobrov M A , Ivleva A L , Sekirin A B , Kaznacheeva E V , Gureeva M A , Molochkov A V , Rogatkin D A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Acute ultraviolet (UV) -induced skin damage is associated with structural alterations, vasodilatation and inflammatory response. Leukocyte infiltration is one of the main features of inflammation and could be found in the area of UV injury. It was shown that porphyrins which have well-known autofluorescent properties play a role in the chemoattraction of immune cells to the area of local damage. This study examined the possibility of application of laser fluorescence spectroscopy (LFS) in the assessment of ultraviolet-induced immune response in ICR mice. Animals (N=25) were exposed by UVB light and LFS was conducted on the dorsal skin of each mice 0, 0.5, 3, 6 and 24 hours after UV irradiation. Moreover, in every time point we performed skin biopsy and histology. Using LFS, time-dependent dynamic changes in the fluorescence parameters of porphyrins were found. Mentioned indices were in a good agreement with histological findings. Statistically significant correlation was found between the severity of inflammatory infiltrate and the tissue content index (η) of porphyrins (Pearson correlation coefficient: r = 0.912, p = 0.031). Achieved results not only have fundamental value but could be further investigated and applied in clinical practice: e.g. to objectively predict individual immunologic reaction to UV-light.
Estimation of Matrix Variance-Covariance on Nonparametric Regression Spline Truncated for Longitudinal Data
Authors: Ramli Mustain , Ratnasari Vita , Nyoman Budiantara I 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Regression analysis is a statistical analysis used to determine the pattern of relationships between predictor variables and response variables. There are two models estimation approaches in regression analysis, namely parametric regression and nonparametric regression. The parametric regression approach is used if the shape of the regression curve is known. In cases with unknown relationship patterns, the development is done using nonparametric regression. Nonparametric regression is a model estimation method which is based on an approach that is not bound by certain assumptions of the regression curve shape. One of the most commonly used nonparametric regression curve estimates is the spline approach. Spline is one of the nonparametric approaches that is often used and has a very good ability to handle data characters that are smooth as well as data whose behavior changes at certain sub-intervals. Theoretically, the spline approach is not only able to estimate nonparametric regression curves for cross section data, but can also be developed for longitudinal data. Longitudinal data is a combination of cross section data and time series data where the longitudinal data between subjects are mutually independent, but between observations are dependent. This study aims to find the estimation curves of spline truncated multivariable nonparametric regression for longitudinal data using the Weighted Least Square (WLS) method and to find the estimation of variance-covariance matrix using the Maximum Likelihood Estimate (MLE) method.
Optimal Control of HIV/AIDS Epidemic Model with Two Latent Stages, Vertical Transmission and Treatment
Authors: Shofianah Nur , Fitri Sa’adatul , Trisilowati  , Kristanti Karunia Theda 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this research, we discussed about optimal control of HIV/AIDS epidemic model with two latent stages, vertical transmission and treatment. In this model, the population is divided into five subpopulations, namely susceptible subpopulation, slow latent subpopulation, fast latent subpopulation, symptomatic subpopulation and AIDS subpopulation. The latent stage is divided into slow latent and fast latent stage depend on the condition of immune system which is different for each individual. Treatment (ART/antiretroviral) is given to infected individu in symptomatic stage. The rate of treatment from symptomatic stage to slow latent stage and to fast latent stage are set as u
1(t) and u
2(t) control variable, respectively. Here, the objective of optimal control is to minimize the number of infected as well as the cost of controls. The optimal control is obtained by applying Pontryagin’s Principle. In the end, we show some numerical simulations by using Forward-Backward Sweep Method. Numerical simulation result show that the combination of u
1 and u
2 control is the most effective control to reduce the number of infected/symptomatic subpopulation with minimum cost of controls.
Genome-wide association studies of brain imaging data via weighted distance correlation
Authors: Wen Canhong , Yang Yuhui , Xiao Quan , Huang Meiyan , Pan Wenliang ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Imaging genetics is mainly used to reveal the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric risk genes and understand the relationship between human brain structure, functional and individual differences. Increasingly, the brain-wide imaging phenotypes in voxels are available to test the association with genetic markers. A challenge with analyzing such data is their high dimensionality and complex relationships.

Results
To tackle this challenge, we introduce a weighed distance correlation (wdCor) that can assess the association between genetic markers and voxel-based imaging data. Importantly, the wdCor test takes the voxel-based data as a whole multivariate phenotype, which preserves the spatial continuity and might enhance the power. Besides, an adaptive permutation procedure is introduced to determine the P-values of the wdCor test and also alleviate the computational burden in GWAS. In extensive simulation studies, wdCor achieves much better performances compared to the original distance correlation. We also successfully apply wdCor to conduct a large-scale analysis on data from the Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging project (ADNI).

Availability and implementation
Our wdCor method provides new research directions and ideas for multivariate analysis of high-dimensional data, it can also be used as a tool for scientific analysis of imaging genetics research in practical applications. The R package wdcor, and the code for reproducing all results in this article is available in Github: https://github.com/yangyuhui0129/wdcor.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Efficient weighted univariate clustering maps outstanding dysregulated genomic zones in human cancers
Authors: Song Mingzhou , Zhong Hua 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Chromosomal patterning of gene expression in cancer can arise from aneuploidy, genome disorganization or abnormal DNA methylation. To map such patterns, we introduce a weighted univariate clustering algorithm to guarantee linear runtime, optimality and reproducibility.

Results
We present the chromosome clustering method, establish its optimality and runtime and evaluate its performance. It uses dynamic programming enhanced with an algorithm to reduce search-space in-place to decrease runtime overhead. Using the method, we delineated outstanding genomic zones in 17 human cancer types. We identified strong continuity in dysregulation polarity—dominance by either up- or downregulated genes in a zone—along chromosomes in all cancer types. Significantly polarized dysregulation zones specific to cancer types are found, offering potential diagnostic biomarkers. Unreported previously, a total of 109 loci with conserved dysregulation polarity across cancer types give insights into pan-cancer mechanisms. Efficient chromosomal clustering opens a window to characterize molecular patterns in cancer genome and beyond.

Availability and implementation
Weighted univariate clustering algorithms are implemented within the R package ‘Ckmeans.1d.dp’ (4.0.0 or above), freely available at https://cran.r-project.org/package=Ckmeans.1d.dp.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Timing of exposure to gonadotropins has differential effects on the conceptus: evidence from a mouse model
Authors: Sullivan-Pyke Chantae , Mani Sneha , Rhon-Calderon Eric A , Ord Teri , Coutifaris Christos , Bartolomei Marisa S , Mainigi Monica 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Superovulation with gonadotropins alters the hormonal milieu during early embryo development and placentation, and may be responsible for fetal and placental changes observed after in vitro fertilization (IVF). We hypothesized that superovulation has differential effects depending on timing of exposure. To test our hypothesis, we isolated the effect of superovulation on pre- and peri-implantation mouse embryos. Blastocysts were obtained from either natural mating or following superovulation and mating, and were transferred into naturally mated or superovulated pseudopregnant recipient mice. Fetal weight was significantly lower after peri-implantation exposure to superovulation, regardless of preimplantation exposure (p = 0.006). Placentas derived from blastocysts exposed to superovulation pre- and peri-implantation were larger than placentas derived from natural blastocysts that are transferred into a natural or superovulated environment (p &lt; 0.05). Fetal-to-placental weight ratio decreased following superovulation during the pre- or peri-implantation period (p = 0.05, 0.01, respectively) and these effects were additive. Peg3 DNA methylation levels were decreased in placentas derived from exposure to superovulation both pre- and peri-implantation compared with unexposed embryos and exposure of the preimplantation embryo only. Through RNA sequencing on placental tissue, changes were identified in genes involved in immune system regulation, specifically interferon signaling, which has been previously implicated in implantation and maintenance of early pregnancy in mice. Overall, we found that the timing of exposure to gonadotropin stimulation can have differential effects on fetal and placental growth. These findings could impact clinical practice and underscores the importance of dissecting the role of procedures utilized during IVF on pregnancy complications.
Undergraduate Biology Instructors Still Use Mostly Teacher-Centered Discourse Even When Teaching with Active Learning Strategies
Authors: Kranzfelder Petra , Bankers-Fulbright Jennifer L , García-Ojeda Marcos E , Melloy Marin , Mohammed Sagal , Warfa Abdi-Rizak M 
Published: June 2020

AbstractReform efforts in undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) instruction often emphasize student-centered teaching approaches, but relatively little attention is paid to the way STEM teachers use discourse when interacting with their students. In the present study, we examined the instructional and discourse behaviors of biology faculty members (N = 20) teaching in undergraduate biology classes. Although we found that the biology teachers spent most of their time guiding student learning in active learning activities and less time presenting, an analysis of their classroom communicative approaches showed that the participants mostly used authoritative and not dialogic discourse to teach biology content. Similarly, we found a strong positive correlation between biology teachers guiding student learning and authoritative, interactive approaches, suggesting that these teachers mostly asked the students to recall facts or basic concepts rather than asking them to collaboratively build knowledge. We describe the implications of these findings and our results for undergraduate biology instruction.
Effects of endurance and strength exercises associated with whey protein supplementation on quality of life (SF36) in community-dwelling seniors
Authors: Loureiro H , Pocinho M , Faria A , Azenha J , Silva M , Martins R , Veríssimo M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Ageing is a natural, physiological and markedly heterogeneous process; however, it is possible to modify the functional decline and to promote healthy ageing. The practise of physical exercise and nutrition have shown benefits in the promotion of a better quality of life (QoL).
Objectives To verify whether protein supplementation associated with physical exercise contributes to the QoL of seniors living in the community.
Methodology A clinical prospective, blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study with a control group was conducted. The sample was probabilistic and randomly assigned. They were distributed through the 4 arms of the study with 19 participants each:1-physical exercise (strength and endurance) + whey protein supplement (20g); 2-physical exercise (strength and endurance) + placebo; 3-only whey protein supplement (20g); 4-control (without intervention). Each group was assessed at baseline and past 12 weeks. QoL was evaluated through SF36, before and after the intervention. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used.
Results The sample consisted of 79 individuals, 55 women and 25 men, with a mean age of 68.54±5.72, mean height 1.57±0.09m, mean weight 72.7±14.3kg, being homogeneous with respect to age by sex and the anthropometric characteristics (body mass index, arm and leg circumferences). The comparison between the pre and post-intervention results showed that groups 1 and 2 significantly improved their QoL (p &lt; 0.05); patients in groups 1 and 3 improved substantially more than in groups 2 and 4 (p &lt; 0.05). Subjects in group 4 worsened their outcomes in all domains of QoL assessed.
Conclusion Protein supplementation showed a positive influence on the quality of life, primarily when associated with physical exercise. In fact, seniors who were not submitted to supplementation or a prescribed exercise showed a worsening of their quality of life throughout the study.
Associations of socioeconomic and health related factors with fall risk on community dwelling older adults from Alentejo
Authors: Jerônimo A , Santos M , Picamilho S , Caldas M , Pereira C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction With the world, population ageing falls become a problem. Portugal follows this tendency, particularly in Alentejo. Ecological models evidence that biological, behaviour and socioeconomic factors explain falls. However, the role of socioeconomic and health-related factors on the risk of falls is not well known.
Objectives To analyse the association of socioeconomic and health-related factors with fall risk on community-dwelling older adults from Alentejo.
Methodology This observational study involved 384 community-dwelling older adults (73.6 ± 6.0 years), the minimal sample size calculated by Open Epi Online program, of whom 40.6% fell at least once in the previous year. Sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, marital status, schooling, retirement age, living alone and yield) and health-related factors (number of health conditions, cognitive state, fat mass %, physical activity, and depression index) were accessed.
Results Univariate Regression Logistic showed that gender was the only sociodemographic characteristics which significantly explains falls occurrence, in which to be woman increases the likelihood of falling on 96% (OR: 1.96, p &lt; 0.05). As regard health-related factors, results show that for each additional health condition the likelihood of falling increased 17%, for each additional 1% on fat mass this likelihood increased 4%, and for each additional point on depression index this likelihood increased 15.1% (OR: 1.04 to 1.17, p &lt; 0.05).
Conclusion Health-related factors showed to be more preponderant in the occurrence of falls compared to socio-demographic characteristics. Women with more chronic conditions increased fat mass, and high depression index will be the most susceptible to falls. Thus, preventive measures should play particular attention to these persons.
Effect of a therapeutic exercise program (FisioPausa) on the quality of life of employees from CESPU
Authors: Rocha P , Araújo F , Lafourcade E , Callais N , Gabriele M , Lopes S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction In the context of work, labouring time is mainly spent in the sitting position and in a continuous way. This reality contributes for the increase of a sedentary lifestyle of workers, leading to health-related diseases and consequently decreasing they quality of life (QoL).
Objectives Verify the effect of a therapeutic exercise program in quality of life, and evaluate the association between different components of QoL, with back pain, physical activity and Body Mass Index (BMI).
Methodology A pré-post interventional study was realized in workers from the Cooperativa de Ensino Superior Politécnico Universitário. Fourteen participants were included and submitted to evaluations with a preliminary survey, the SF-36v2 (before and after 8 weeks of intervention) to assess the effects of the program in QoL. All the participants were submitted to a specific therapeutic exercise program of 20 minutes, twice a week, and during 8 weeks.
Results There was a general improvement in Health-Related Physical and Mental Quality of Life. These improvements were especially observed in the functional capacity with a higher median of 5.00 (p = 0,015). Although it was less evident, Vitality was the domain with higher improvements amongst all the four Mental domains (increase of 10.00 points across time, p = 0.341). Associations were observed between pain and functional capacity (p = 0,027) BMI and Mental Health (p = 0,027) and finally between Age and Mental Health (p = 0,028).
Conclusion Our therapeutic exercise program seems to have positive effect on quality of life, especially regarding functional capacity of workers. Participants with the highest pain were associated with decreased functional capacity and older people or those with higher BMI showed weaker mental health.
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the VISA-P questionnaire for Portuguese-speaking (Portugal) patients with patellar tendinopathy
Authors: Chaves P , Ribeiro D , Gomes J , Monteiro M , Marote S , Frutuoso S , Araújo FA , Paço M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Patellar tendinopathy is a condition frequently verified in individuals who practice regular physical activity, therefore functional evaluation is crucial to monitor symptoms. The VISA-P was developed for English-speaking population to evaluate patients with this condition, and there is a need to adapt this tool to Portuguese (Portugal).
Objectives To cross-cultural adapt and validate the VISA-P questionnaire for Portuguese-speaking (Portugal) patellar tendinopathy patients
Methodology The VISA-P questionnaire was translated and cross-culturally adapted into Portuguese (VISA-P-Por) according to specific guidelines, using six steps: Translation, synthesis, back translation, expert committee review, pretesting (n = 10), and appraisal of the adaptation process. The resulting VISA-P-Por was then subjected to an analysis of the psychometric properties (construct validity, reproducibility [agreement and reliability], internal consistency and floor and ceiling effects) in 73 patellar tendinopathy patients and 73 asymptomatic people. Participants completed the questionnaire at baseline and after a minimum interval of 48 hours.
Results The Visa-P-Por questionnaire revealed a high level of agreement, presenting semantic and content validity. Construct validity showed differences between both groups (p &lt; 0,001) and the questionnaire exhibited very good internal consistency, with an excellent α Cronbach (0,91). Concerning reproducibility, agreement levels were considered optimal which can be proven by the Bland Altman graph, the standard error of measurement (5,74) and the minimally important change (15,91 points), as well as the excellent ICC value (0,92). There were no ceiling and floor effects detected.
Conclusion The VISA-P-Por questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool, with psychometric properties comparable with the original version. Thus, it can be recommended as a robust tool for measuring clinical severity and functional impact of patellar tendinopathy in Portuguese-speaking (Portugal) patients.
Non-adhesion to therapy in the elderly, in Tábua
Authors: Campos M , Balteiro J , Rocha C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction Most medicines are taken by the elderly because they suffer natural changes, which lead to chronic and degenerative diseases. Older people often have increasingly complex medication regimens, which may lead to errors with dosing and administration and to non-adherence to therapy. Non-adherence to therapy leads to a decrease in therapeutic efficacy, an increase in morbidity, suffering, and health costs. It is influenced by several factors that can and should be driven to improve health status.
Objectives The objective of this study was to determine and evaluate the medication regimen complexity in an elderly population, in Tábua, and verify its relation with adherence to therapy.
Methodology Surveys were applied to elderly people in order to collect the medication data. The study lasted for 5 months and took place at a pharmacy (n = 337). Only people with ≥65 years were included. Medication regimen complexity was assessed using the Brazilian translation for the Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) and adhesion to therapy was measured by MAT scale. Data was analysed with SPSS statistical program, version 24.0.
Results Our study showed a high percentage of adhesion to therapy (65%) and also of polypharmacy among the elderly (84,9%). Most medication that elderly take belong to the cardiovascular system pharmaceutical group (94,1%). Still, people described some difficulties to adhesion to therapy, mainly forgetfulness (73,66%). Data also revealed that individuals with more literacy and those who are not under polypharmacy showed more adherence to therapy (p = 0.000 and p = 0.012). The most significant result from our study was that MRCI and non-adherence are correlated statistically, that is, a higher MRCI leads to an increase in non-adherence to therapy (p = 0.001).
Conclusion Healthcare professionals should be aware that high levels of medication regimen complexity suggest bad outcomes and non-adherence to therapy. They should assist the elderly, help avoid errors, and find solutions to improve adherence to therapy, whenever possible.