bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unilinguisme vs plurilinguisme : le cas de la République Dominicaine
Authors: Tapia Medina Ariel 
Published: July 2020

La République Dominicaine est un pays qui s’est toujours défini comme monolingue1 (et même unilinguiste2), dont l’espagnol découle de la variante méridionale péninsulaire. Malgré les différentes enclaves linguistiques – d’origine anglophone et surtout francophone – qui ont existé et subsistent encore sur le territoire, la société dominicaine, et davantage encore le milieu universitaire, ont tendance à refuser de prendre en considération cette richesse linguistique (Jansen, 2010 : 8), créant ainsi une barrière de stigmatisation, aussi bien au plan ethnolinguistique – les communautés afro-américaine et guloya sont très stéréotypées – que –sociohistorique (Lluberes, 1978 : 38 ; Bryan, 1979 : 74) – les Haïtiens étant toujours considérés comme les ennemis historiques –.
Trunk and Lower Extremity Movement Patterns, Stress Fracture Risk Factors, and Biomarkers of Bone Turnover in Military Trainees
Authors: Mauntel Timothy C. , Marshall Stephen W. , Hackney Anthony C. , Pietrosimone Brian G. , Cameron Kenneth L. , Peck Karen Y. , Trump Jesse R. , Padua Darin A. 
Published: July 2020

Context
Military service members commonly sustain lower extremity stress fractures (SFx). How SFx risk factors influence bone metabolism is unknown. Understanding how SFx risk factors influence bone metabolism may help to optimize risk-mitigation strategies.

Objective
To determine how SFx risk factors influence bone metabolism.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Military service academy.

Patients or Other Participants
Forty-five men (agepre = 18.56 ± 1.39 years, heightpre = 176.95 ± 7.29 cm, masspre = 77.20 ± 9.40 kg; body mass indexpre = 24.68 ± 2.87) who completed Cadet Basic Training (CBT). Individuals with neurologic or metabolic disorders were excluded.

Intervention(s)
We assessed SFx risk factors (independent variables) with (1) the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS), (2) self-reported injury and physical activity questionnaires, and (3) physical fitness tests. We assessed bone biomarkers (dependent variables; procollagen type I amino-terminal propeptide [PINP] and cross-linked collagen telopeptide [CTx-1]) via serum.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
A markerless motion-capture system was used to analyze trunk and lower extremity biomechanics via the LESS. Serum samples were collected post-CBT; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays determined PINP and CTx-1 concentrations, and PINP : CTx-1 ratios were calculated. Linear regression models demonstrated associations between SFx risk factors and PINP and CTx-1 concentrations and PINP : CTx-1 ratio. Biomarker concentration mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Significance was set a priori using α ≤ .10 for simple and α ≤ .05 for multiple regression analyses.

Results
The multiple regression models incorporating LESS and SFx risk factor data predicted the PINP concentration (R2 = 0.47, P = .02) and PINP : CTx-1 ratio (R2 = 0.66, P = .01). The PINP concentration was increased by foot internal rotation, trunk flexion, CBT injury, sit-up score, and pre- to post-CBT mass changes. The CTx-1 concentration was increased by heel-to-toe landing and post-CBT mass. The PINP : CTx-1 ratio was increased by foot internal rotation, lower extremity sagittal-plane displacement (inversely), CBT injury, sit-up score, and pre- to post-CBT mass changes.

Conclusions
Stress fracture risk factors accounted for 66% of the PINP : CTx-1 ratio variability, a potential surrogate for bone health. Our findings provide insight into how SFx risk factors influence bone health. This information can help guide SFx risk-mitigation strategies.
Text Encoding and Processing as a University Writing Intensive Course
Authors: Beshero-Bondar Elisa E. 
Published: July 2020

Can learning markup languages and coding constitute a “writing intensive” experience for university students? Having taught undergraduate students from a wide range of majors from humanities to the sciences to develop web-based research projects with the the XML family of languages, the author proposes that such coursework should fulfill a common state university requirement of a research-oriented “writing intensive” or "writing-across-the-curriculum" course. Although coding and programming skills are often represented as a kind of literacy, the idea that learning markup technologies may constitute an intensive writing experience is less familiar. This paper calls for teaching markup technologies widely in a cross-disciplinary context to give students across the curriculum an accessible yet intensively challenging course that integrates coding and writing to investigate research questions.
Not just any course that introduces students to markup should be considered writing intensive. Arguably, a class that involves tagging exercises without project development and that invites students to write reflectively about the experience is not engaging in an intensive way with the writing work we associate with coding in the full experience of developing a project. This paper argues that a writing intensive course involving the XML family of languages should require algorithmic problem-solving and decision making, research and citation of related projects, task management, and documentation to share the work and help others to build upon it. A course offering such experiences should be accessible to students from several disciplines, whether to a junior year English or history major with little to no programming experience, or a junior year computer science or information technology major with an interest in applied programming, unused to research questions that drive humanities scholarship. In presenting its case, this paper discusses the pedagogical theory and practice of teaching composition and code as well as the concepts of blind interchange and literate programming important to the XML markup community.
Systems security assurance as (micro) publishing
Authors: Piez Wendell 
Published: July 2020

Markup technologies are very general purpose, as reflects their generality of conception. They become interesting as well as useful as they are applied to accomplish goals in the real world. Since principles of generic declarative markup were first applied to accomplishing publishing-related goals in information management, design and application, 25 or 40 years ago, they have repeatedly demonstrated both their generality – they really do work – and their demand for applicability. Get one thing wrong, or leave it out, and the effort sits on a shelf. Design and deploy it carefully and sensitively, and even an inexpensive initiative can pay dividends for years. These systems become sustainable in the context of the sustainable operations of which they are a part.
Decades of experience have shown us how to use declarative markup to sustain publishing operations. Now we have to deal with similar problems of information description, management, reuse across contexts, referencing, tracing, and authentication, only at even larger scales than before, both in size and complexity. This paper proposes some lessons and insights we can bring from our experience with publishing technologies, and suggests how they might be applicable in the growing domain of systems security assurance.
TEKNIK PELUKISAN TOKOH DALAM NOVEL BULAN KERTAS KARYA ARAFAT NUR
Authors: Iba Harliyana  , Ayu Shella  
Published: July 2020

The technique of character drawing is divided into two parts, namely the technique of painting a character directly and the technique of painting a character indirectly. This research aims to describe the character painting techniques used by Arafat Nur in his novel BulanKertas. The study was conducted using an objective approach and included in the descriptive analysis research. The collection technique used in this study is the reading collection technique. The results of the research found that Arafat Nur's novel contained the main characters namely Rafa and Naya and additional figures namely Kanafi, Afdal, Askan, Rafa's parents and Naya's parents, and Arafat Nur combines the techniques of direct character painting and indirect painting techniques. in his novel, in the indirect painting technique Arafat Nur uses eight techniques from nine indirect character painting techniques that have been explained by Nurgiyantoro, and each character in this novel has his own character painting technique, there are characters who are depicted using one technique but there are several figures who are depicted by combining several techniques in his painting. One data obtained can be analyzed by several techniques. The conclusion of this research is BulanKertas novel written by Arafat Nur using direct painting techniques and indirect painting techniques in making the self of a character.
Abstrak
Teknik pelukisan tokoh terbagi menjadi dua bagian, yaitu teknik pelukisan tokoh secara langsung dan teknik pelukisan tokoh secara tidak langsung. penetian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan teknik pelukisan tokoh yang digunakan Arafat Nur dalam novelnya BulanKertas. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan objektif dan termasuk ke dalam penelitian analisis deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah teknik pengumpulan baca catat. Hasil dari penelitian yang ditemukan yaitu novel Arafat Nur terdapat tokoh utama yaitu Rafa dan Naya dan Tokoh tambahan yaitu Kanafi, Afdal, Askan, orang tua Rafa dan orang tua Naya, dan Arafat Nur menggabungkan antara teknik pelukisan tokoh secara langsung dan teknik pelukisan secara tidak langsung dalam novelnya, dalam teknik pelukisan secara tidak langsung Arafat Nur menggunakan delapan teknik dari sembilan teknik pelukisan tokoh secara tidak langsung yang telah dijelaskan oleh Nurgiyantoro, serta setiap tokoh dalam novel ini memiliki teknik pelukisan tokohnya masing­­­­­­-­masing, ada tokoh yang dilukiskan menggunakan satu teknik tetapi ada beberapa tokoh yang dilukiskan dengan menggabungkan beberapa teknik dalam pelukisannya. Satu data yang didapatkan dapat dianalisi beberapa teknik. Simpulan dari penelitian ini ialah novel Bulan Kertas yang dikarang oleh Arafat Nur menggunakan teknik pelukisan langsung dan teknik pelukisan tidak langsung dalam membuat kedirian dari seorang tokoh.
Kata Kunci: Teknik Pelukisan Tokoh, Tokoh
TINGKAT MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA SEMESTER III PRODI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Harfiandi  
Published: July 2020

The aim of this study is to describe the level of students’ learning motivation at Indonesian Language Study Program of STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena. This is a descriptive research that data collected in the form of quetionaire. The subjects taken in this study were the third semester students who were taking lectures. The data processing of this research was carried out by scoring the scale of each statement in 8 factors of student learning motivation consisting of 4 internalfactorsand 4 external factors. Based on the results of the study, it shows that students' learning motivation at the specified interval scale reaches 97 in the internal aspects that have a normal category and in the external category the students’ score reaches 114 which is categorized high. In comparison, student motivation to learn internally is lower than externally. With this level, students still need to get serious attention on increasing motivation to learn. Several factors related to the statement of learning motivation still need to be improved to strengthen student skills.
Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini mendeskripsikan bagaimana tingkat motivasi belajar mahasiswa prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena. Data penelitian ini berupa motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara deskriptif.Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester III yang sedang mengikuti perkuliahan. Pengolahan data penelitian ini dilakukan dengan skala penyekoran dari setiap pernyataan dalam 8 faktor motivasi belajarmahasiswa yang terdiri atas 4 faktorinternal dan 4 eksternal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, motivasi belajar mahasiswa pendidikan bahasa Indonesia STKIP Bina Bangsa Getsempena menunjukkan bahwa motivasi belajar mahasiswa pada skala interval yang ditentukan, yaitu 97 pada aspek internal yang memiliki kategori biasa dan 114 pada aspek eksternal yang berkategori tinggi. Sebagai perbandingan, motivasi belajar mahasiswa secara internal lebih rendah dari pada eksternal. Dengan tingkat tersebut, mahasiswa masih perlu mendapat perhatian serius pada meningkatkan motivasi belajar. Beberapa faktor yang terkait dengan pernyataan motivasi belajar masih perlu ditingkatkan untuk memperkuat kecakapan mahasiswa.
Kata Kunci:Tingkat Motivasi Belajar, Motivasi Internal, Motivasi Eksternal
HUMANISM VALUE OF MAIN CHARACTER IN WAR FOR PLANET OF THE APES MOVIE
Authors: Euis Meinawati  , Inge Dwiana Haryati  , Meiva Eka Sri Sulistyawati  , Viviana Lisma Lestari  , Syukri Ghozali  
Published: July 2020

This study discusses the humanity values contained in the characters War for Planet of The Apes movie. This analysis uses method of qualitative data. This study uses two kinds of data. Firstly, the primary data is from the literary work itself, War for Planet of the Apes.The secondary data such as theory books, previous studies, and journals. The data analyzed is taken from the player’s remarks in War for Planet of The Apes movie. The theory taken to discuss human values is Hardiman's theory. Hardiman said there are six of humanism values, they are (1) appreciate opinions, (2) cooperation, (3) sacrafice, (4) care about others, (5) helping, and (6) solidarity. The results of this analysis are humanitarian values that arise in the main character in terms of human nature, and how the value of humanity is realized in real life. There are four humanism values that contained in the movie, namely (1) cooperation, (2) care about others, (3) sacrifice, and (4) helping.
Penelitian ini membahas tentang nilai kemanusiaan yang terdapat pada karakter dalam film War for Planet of The Apes. Metode yang dilakukan dalam menganalisis adalah kualitatif data. Pertama, data primer adalah War for Planet of The Apes. Dan data kedua seperti buku teori, pelajaran sebelumnya dan jurnal. Data yang dianalisis diambil dari ucapan pemain dalam film War for Planet of The Apes. Teori yang diambil untuk membahas nilai-nilai kemanusiaan adalah teori Hardiman. Hardiman berpendapat bahwa ada enam nilai kemanusiaan, yaitu (1) kebebasan berpendapat,(2) kerjasama, (3) rela berkorban, (4) peduli terhadap sesama, (5) menolong, dan (6) solidaritas. Hasil dari analisis ini adalah nilai-nilai kemanusiaan yang timbul pada karakter utama dalam hal sifat humanisnya, dan bagaimana nilai kemanusiaan ini terealisasikan dalam kehidupan nyata. Nilai kemanusiaan yang terdapat dalam film tersebut ada empat, yaitu (1) kerjasama, (2) peduli terhadap sesama, (3) rela berkorban, dan (4) menolong.
Kata Kunci: Film, Karakter Utama, Nilai-Nilai Kemanusiaan
TINDAK PIDANA PENGGUNA IJAZAH PALSU STUDI KASUS PENGADILAN NEGERI KUPANG NOMOR 355//PID.SUS.2015//PN.KPG.
Authors: Hendrikus Iswanto Sambarita  
Published: July 2020

Fake diploma which is a criminal act which is regulated in article 263 of the Criminal Code, and specifically regulated in article 68 of Law No. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System and article 93 of Law No. 12 of 2012 concerning Higher Education, for that person to obtain the diploma must go through the educational process in accordance with the applicable rules so that the diploma used can be used properly and it is recognized that someone has passed a certain education, in the case of using fake diplomas there are several legal rules governing the use of diplomas and degrees, generally article 263 of the Criminal Code and specifically regulated in article 68 of Law No. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System and article 93 of Law No.12 of 2012 concerning Higher Education, in this case the judge decides to use article 68 Paragraph 2 against the perpetrator using a diploma and a fake Doctorate degree on case No.355 / PID.SUS / 2015 / PN.KPG. where in the concept of criminal law we recognize the principle of the Lex superior derogate legi afriori principle of legal interpretation which states that higher law excludes lower law.
This study uses a method of normative legal research or literature study where the type of approach taken is the type of legislative approach (the statuta aproach) approach to legal argumentation (legal reasoning) and the approach of analyzing legal concepts and court decisions, with argumentation and systematization techniques, to knowing ; whether the legal sanctions that can be used by judges in making decisions against perpetrators of fake diploma users and how is the criminal responsibility against the use of fake diplomas, whether the verdicts of the Kupang District Court judges are appropriate to give a redundant effect on the perpetrators.
It is hoped that in the case of the crime of forgery of the diploma the author expects law enforcement from the police to be more careful of the process of assigning suspects based on evidence and prosecutors in making indictments to be more careful in applying the articles before delegation to the Panel of Judges so that judges in receiving, examining and adjudicate cases more thoroughly against the facts revealed in the trial and pay more attention to the legal basis that will be applied to the perpetrator, in deciding the case so that it does not become a norm conflict in its application.
Key words: Crime, Fake Diploma
Determination of Air Pollutants Concentration from Ground Level Sources in Abuja Metropolis, Nigeria.
Authors: Tyovenda AA , Sombo T , Gbagba UE 
Published: July 2020

This work focuses on measurements of concentration of gaseous emissions such as CO, S2O H2S and particulate matters (PM10 and PM2.5 ) released from ground level sources at specified receptor points downwind. These sources were monitored using Altair Multi-gas and HAT 200 PM10 and PM2.5 detectors. From the selected sources monitored, Carbon Monoxide had the highest dispersion strength of 45%. An analysis of the concentrations show that refuse burning source has maximum concentrations of 111.2 mgm-3 for CO, 7.312 mgm-3 for SO2 , 5.342 mgm-3 for H2S, 0.542 mgm-3 for PM10 and 0.272 mgm-3 for PM2.5 respectively while minimum concentrations of 77.42 mgm-3 for CO, 0.52 mgm-3 for SO2 , 1.44 mgm-3 for H2S, 0.48 mgm-3 for PM10 and 0.14 mgm-3 for PM2.5 respectively were obtained from wood burning source. This shows that CO has the highest concentrations of the pollutants monitored. Correlation between modeled and measured concentrations showed that wood burning source has higher validity of the model with coefficients of regression R2 for CO, SO2 , H2S, PM10 and PM2.5 as 0.885, 0.848, 0.574, 0.861 and 0.715 respectively while refuse burning has the least measure of validity with coefficients of regression R2 for CO, SO2 , H2S, PM10 and PM2.5 as 0.363, 0.416, 0.416, 0.431, 0.572 and 0.284 respectively. Based on Ambient Air Quality Standards, refuse burning sources are most harmful of the sources investigated. A comparative environmental impact assessment of the sources reveals that they are unsafe for selected pollutants. For CO (1 hour time average, the safe limit is 40mg/m3), SO2 (1 hour time average, the safe limit is 0.35040mg/m3) and H2S (1 hour time average, the safe limit is 0.04240mg/m3).
Tobacco use cessation efforts among private dental practitioners of Delhi, India
Authors: Mehta Abhishek , Kaur Gurkiran , Popli Rishabh , Khurana Suchi 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: Tobacco use remains the single largest cause of premature death around the world. Motivating tobacco users through behavioral counseling is the mainstay for achieving tobacco abstinence. Research evidence suggests a larger role of dental professionals in motivating tobacco users to quit. The efforts of private dental practitioners in providing Tobacco Cessation Interventions (TCI) in their clinics need to be measured and acknowledged.Methods: A cross-sectional survey based on self-administered questionnaire with private dental practitioners was carried out in the state of Delhi, India. The main objectives of the survey were to assess the current practices and the barriers experienced in providing TCI by the participating dentists. Statistical analysis was conducted to find out the association between independent variables and the responses to questions on tobacco cessation.Results: The mean age and years of practice of 297 participating dentists was 37.2 (SD 9.8) and 11.9 (SD 9.5) years respectively. Most of them were graduate (N=204, 68.7%). Only 17.2% (N=51) of the participating dentists had undergone any training in providing TCI. Most of the dentists felt that the lack of proper training (N=146, 49.2%) and resistance by patients (N=185, 62.5%) are the main barriers in providing TCI. Younger dentists (<35 years) performed significantly better than older dentists in many parameters pertaining to attitude and practices of TCI in their clinics.Conclusion: This is a pioneer survey conducted on the issue of TCI provided by private dental practitioners of Delhi. The study results show that around 2/3rds of the participating private dental practitioners were providing TCI to their patients but there are certain barriers for its proper implementation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to remove these self-reported barriers and build self-confidence among the dentists for instituting effective TCI in their clinics.
Biliary Dilation: An Unusual Presentation of Histoplasma capsulatum in a Dog
Authors: Cridge Harry , Brinkman Erin , Lathan Patty 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTA 4 mo old intact male Labrador retriever was referred to the authors’ institution for a 3 wk history of weight loss and progressive abdominal distension. Thoracic radiographs revealed sternal lymphadenopathy and a diffuse unstructured interstitial and bronchial pulmonary pattern. An abdominal ultrasound revealed multifocal lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and biliary duct dilation. Fine-needle aspirates of the spleen and liver revealed Histoplasma capsulatum organisms. Antifungal therapy was initiated with itraconazole and terbinafine. Repeat ultrasound examinations revealed resolving hepatosplenomegaly and resolving cystic duct dilation. Ultrasonographic findings mirrored a decrease in urine H capsulatum antigen levels. Histoplasmosis should be considered as a differential for unexplained biliary duct dilation or obstruction in dogs. Dogs with disseminated histoplasmosis should be monitored for this potential complication.
Dorsal Atlantoaxial Ligament Hypertrophy as a Cause for Clinical Signs in Dogs with Dens Abnormalities
Authors: Cloquell Ana , Orlandi Rocio , Vázquez Fernando , Mateo Isidro 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
The objective of this study is to suggest clinical and subclinical atlantoaxial (AA) instability as a cause for dorsal AA ligament hypertrophy responsible for clinical signs in dogs with dens abnormalities. Clinical information from five dogs with malformed dens and dorsal spinal cord compression at the AA junction was collected. All dogs had neck pain, associated with tetraparesis in three cases. Radiological examination revealed hypoplastic dens in two dogs and a defect in its ossification in the other three. Stress views were able to demonstrate obvious AA instability only in two cases, but it was suspected in the other owing to response to surgical fixation of the joint and the presence of a dorsal compressive band, which was considered an enlarged dorsal AA ligament. Surgical and histopathological examination of compressive tissue confirmed hypertrophy of the ligament. Long-term prognosis in the four operated cases, either by dorsal decompression and ventral fixation or by ventral fixation alone, was excellent. A malformed dens can cause subclinical instability, unnoted in dynamic studies. As instability may lead to hypertrophy of joint ligaments, soft tissue changes (specifically dorsal AA ligament hypertrophy) points out this instability and the need for joint fixation if surgical management is required.