bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analytical solution for rapidly predicting post‐fire peak streamflow for small watersheds in southern California
Authors: Wilder Brenton A. , Lancaster Jeremy T. , Cafferata Peter H. , Coe Drew B. R. , Swanson Brian J. , Lindsay Donald N. , Short William R. , Kinoshita Alicia M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFollowing wildfires, the probability of flooding and debris flows increase, posing risks to human lives, downstream communities, infrastructure, and ecosystems. In southern California (USA), the Rowe, Countryman, and Storey (RCS) 1949 methodology is an empirical method that is used to rapidly estimate post‐fire peak streamflow. We re‐evaluated the accuracy of RCS for 33 watersheds under current conditions. Pre‐fire peak streamflow prediction performance was low, where the average R2was 0.29 and average RMSE was 1.10 cms/km2for the 2‐ and 10‐year recurrence interval events, respectively. Post‐fire, RCS performance was also low, with an average R2of 0.26 and RMSE of 15.77 cms/km2for the 2‐ and 10‐year events. We demonstrated that RCS overgeneralizes watershed processes and does not adequately represent the spatial and temporal variability in systems affected by wildfire and extreme weather events and often underpredicted peak streamflow without sediment bulking factors. A novel application of machine learning was used to identify critical watershed characteristics including local physiography, land cover, geology, slope, aspect, rainfall intensity, and soil burn severity, resulting in two random forest models with 45 and five parameters (RF‐45 and RF‐5, respectively) to predict post‐fire peak streamflow. RF‐45 and RF‐5 performed better than the RCS method; however, they demonstrated the importance and reliance on data availability. The important parameters identified by the machine learning techniques were used to create a three‐dimensional polynomial function to calculate post‐fire peak streamflow in small catchments in southern California during the first year after fire (R2= 0.82; RMSE = 6.59 cms/km2) which can be used as an interim tool by post‐fire risk assessment teams. We conclude that a significant increase in data collection of high temporal and spatial resolution rainfall intensity, streamflow, and sediment loading in channels will help to guide future model development to quantify post‐fire flood risk.
Panel gene profiling of small bowel adenocarcinoma: Results from theNADEGEprospective cohort
Authors: Aparicio Thomas , Svrcek Magali , Henriques Julie , Afchain Pauline , Lièvre Astrid , Tougeron David , Gagniere Johan , Terrebonne Eric , Piessen Guillaume , Legoux Jean‐Louis , Lecaille Cédric , Pocard Marc , Gornet Jean‐Marc , Zaanan Aziz , Lavau‐Denes Sandrine , Lecomte Thierry , Deutsch David , Vernerey Dewi , Laurent Puig Pierre 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSmall bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare tumour. Large genomic analyses with prognostic assessments are lacking. The NADEGE cohort has enrolled 347 patients with all stage SBA from 2009 to 2012. Next‐generation sequencing investigates the presence of 740 hotspot somatic mutations in a panel of 46 genes involved in carcinogenesis. The mismatch repair (MMR) status was assessed by immunochemistry. We have collected 196 tumour samples and 125 had conclusive results for mutation analysis. The number of mutations was 0 in 9.6% of tumours, only 1 in 32.0%, 2 in 26.4% and ≥3 in 32.0%. Overall, at least one genomic alteration was observed in 90.4% of tumour. The most frequent genomic alteration was inKRAS(44.0%),TP53(38.4%),PIK3CA(20.0%),APC(18.4%),SMAD4(14.4%) andERBB2(7.2%) genes.KRASmutations were more frequent in synchronous metastatic tumours than in localised tumours (72.7% vs 38.2%,P= .003). There was no significant difference in the mutation rates according to primary location for the most frequently altered gene.ATM,FGFR3andFGFR1gene alterations were associated with Lynch syndrome andIDH1mutations with Crohn disease. dMMR tumours were associated with younger age, localised tumours, lessKRASbut moreSMARCB1mutations. No genomic alteration was associated with overall survival. There is a trend for better survival in patient with dMMR tumours. In conclusion, there is a different genomic alteration profile in SBA according to predisposing diseases. No association between genomic alterations and prognoses was observed except for a trend of better prognoses associated with dMMR.
Risk of cardiovascular disease following gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonists vs antagonists in prostate cancer: Real‐world evidence from five databases
Authors: George Gincy , Garmo Hans , Scailteux Lucie‐Marie , Balusson Frédéric , De Coster Greet , De Schutter Harlinde , Kuiper Josephina G. , Oger Emmanuel , Verbeeck Julie , Van Hemelrijck Mieke 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObservational studies in prostate cancer (PCa) have shown an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) following gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, whereas randomised‐controlled trials have shown no associations. Compared to GnRH agonists, GnRH antagonists have shown less atherosclerotic effects in preclinical models. We used real‐world data from five countries to investigate CVD risk following GnRH agonists and antagonists in PCa men. Data sources included cancer registries, primary and secondary healthcare databases. CVD event was defined as an incident or fatal CVD. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), which were pooled using random‐effects meta‐analysis. Stratified analyses were conducted by history of CVD and age (75 years). A total of 48 757 men were on GnRH agonists and 2144 on GnRH antagonists. There was no difference in risk of any CVD for men on GnRH antagonists and agonists (HR: 1.25; 95% CI: 0.96‐1.61; I2: 64%). Men on GnRH antagonists showed increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (HR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.11‐2.35; I2: 0%) and arrhythmia (HR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.11‐2.15, I2: 17%) compared to GnRH agonists. Having a history of CVD was found to be an effect modifier for the associations with some CVD subtypes. Overall, we did not observe a difference in risk of overall CVD when comparing GnRH antagonists with agonists—though for some subtypes of CVD we noted an increased risk with antagonists. Further studies are required to address potential confounding caused by unadjusted variables such as severity of CVD history and PCa stage.
Recovering the osteoblastic differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells derived from diabetic rats by photobiomodulation therapy
Authors: Bueno Natália Pieretti , Copete Isabella Nunes , Lopes Helena Bacha , Arany Praveen R. , Marques Márcia Martins , Ferraz Emanuela Prado 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAutologous cell‐based therapy for bone regeneration might be impaired by diabetes mellitus (DM) due to the negative effects on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiation. Strategies to recover their osteogenic potential could optimize the results. We aimed to evaluate the effect of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy on osteoblast differentiation of rats with induced DM. Bone marrow MSCs of healthy and diabetic rats were isolated and differentiated into osteoblasts (OB and dOB, respectively). dOB were treated with PBM therapy every 72 hour (660 nm; 0.14 J; 20 mW; 0.714 W/cm2, and 5 J/cm2). Cell morphology, viability, gene and protein expression of osteoblastic markers, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and the mineralized matrix production of dOB‐PBM were compared to dOB. PBM therapy improved viability of dOB, increased the gene and protein expression of bone markers, the ALP activity and the mineralized matrix production. PBM therapy represents an innovative therapeutic approach to optimize the treatment of bone defects in diabetic patients.
Synthesis of coumarin derivatives in a microfluidic flow system employing the Pechmann condensation: A case study
Authors: Liu Ling‐Kang , Deng Jhao‐Hong , Guo Yang‐Ming 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFor the synthesis of coumarin derivatives using the Pechmann condensation scheme, an acidic ionic liquid catalyst, abbreviated as [EBsImH][HSO4], was prepared from the ring opening of 1,4‐butanesultone by 1‐ethylimidazole, followed by the addition of 1 equiv. H2SO4(c). The [EBsImH][HSO4]‐catalyzed Pechmann condensation reactions proceeded smoothly in a batch setup, with recyclable [EBsImH][HSO4] showing great catalytic activity. The acidic ionic liquid catalyst [EBsImH][HSO4] was recovered from EtOAc/H2O extraction of the product mixture, where the H2O layer was worked up and dried for reuse in consecutive runs of the Pechmann condensation reactions, maintaining >85% conversion for four times. The catalytic reactions were also carried out in a microfluidic flow setup. The flow parameters, the reactant molar amounts, and the additional H2SO4 as a modifying acid catalyst were optimized in the current case study. A minimum conversion rate of 2.8 g/hr of coumarin derivatives was demonstrated.
Electrochemical detection of fucosidase activity in human serum
Authors: Tsai Hweiyan , Yu Chen Yu , Chen Chien‐Hong , Fuh Chwan Bor 
Published: November 2020

AbstractLiver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors globally and is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Taiwan. The activity of α‐fucosidase (AFU) in the human body has been confirmed by many clinical studies and experiments to be applicable in the early diagnosis of primary liver cancer. Herein, an electrochemical method for determining AFU activity was developed based on measuring p‐nitrophenol (pNP), which is a product of the reaction between AFU and p‐nitrophenyl‐α‐L‐fucopyranoside. The electrochemical detection of pNP in serum samples exhibited a wide linear range (2.5–250 μM), which corresponds to approximately 2.5–250 U/L AFU. The recovery of AFU measured upon enzyme addition to standard serum was 97–110%. Moreover, no potential interferants had a significant effect on pNP quantification. In contrast, an optical absorption method was subject to interference by the serum color. Further, the linear range for pNP was only 2.5–50 μM and the recovery of AFU was 165–219%. The performance of this absorption method could lead to a misjudgment of the disease course. Therefore, the electrochemical method for AFU activity determination has greater potential for use in clinical applications.
Clinical significance of the serum IgM and IgG to SARS‐CoV‐2 in coronavirus disease‐2019
Authors: Wu Li‐xiang , Wang Hui , Gou Dan , Fu Gang , Wang Jing , Guo Bian‐qin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the clinical value of serum IgM and IgG to SARS‐CoV‐2 in COVID‐19.Methods105 COVID‐19 patients were enrolled as the disease group. 197 non‐COVID‐19 patients served as the control group. Magnetic chemiluminescent immunoassay (MCLIA) was used to detect the IgM and IgG.ResultsThe peak of positive rates of SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM was about 1 week earlier than that of IgG. It reached to peak within 15–21 days and then began a slowly decline. The positive rates of IgG were increased with the disease course and reached the peak between 22 and 39 days. The differences in sensitivity of the three detection modes (IgM, IgG, and IgM + IgG) were statistically significant. The largest group of test cases (illness onset 15–21 days) showed that the positive rate of IgG was higher than IgM. Also, the sensitivity of IgM combined with IgG was higher than IgM or IgG. IgM and IgG were monitored dynamically for 16 patients with COVID‐19, the results showed that serological transformation of IgM was carried out simultaneously with IgG in seven patients, which was earlier than IgG in four patients and later than IgG in five patients.ConclusionThe detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 IgM and IgG is very important to determine the course of COVID‐19. Nucleic acid detection combined with serum antibody of SARS‐CoV‐2 may be the best laboratory indicator for the diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and the phrase and predication for prognosis of COVID‐19.
Morphine promotes tumorigenesis and cetuximab resistance via EGFR signaling activation in human colorectal cancer
Authors: Lu Hong , Zhang Hao , Weng Mei‐lin , Zhang Jin , Jiang Nan , Cata Juan P. , Ma Duan , Chen Wan‐Kun , Miao Chang‐Hong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMorphine, a mu‐opioid receptor (MOR) agonist, has been extensively used to treat advanced cancer pain. In particular, in patients with cancer metastasis, both morphine and anticancer drugs are given simultaneously. However, evidence showed that morphine might be a risk factor in promoting the tumor's malignant potential. In this study, we report that treatment with morphine could activate MOR and lead to the promotion of proliferation, migration, and invasion in HCT116 and DLD1 colorectal cancer (CRC) cells with time‐concentration dependence. Moreover, morphine can also contribute to cetuximab's drug resistance, a targeted drug widely used to treat advanced CRC by inducing the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The cell phenotype includes proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistance, which may be reversed by MOR knockdown or adding nalmefene, the MOR receptor antagonist. Receptor tyrosine kinase array analysis revealed that morphine selectively induced the transactivation of EGFR. EGFR transactivation resulted in the activation of ERK1/2 and AKT. In conclusion, morphine induces the transactivation of EGFR via MOR. It activates the downstream signal pathway AKT‐MTOR and RAS‐MAPK, increases proliferation, migration, and invasion, and promotes resistance to EGFR inhibitors in a CRC cell line. Furthermore, we verified that EGFR inhibition by cetuximab strongly reversed the protumoral effects of morphine in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, we provide evidence that morphine‐EGFR signaling might be a promising therapeutic target for CRC patients, especially for cetuximab‐resistant CRC patients.
Biorefineries at poultry farms: a perspective for sustainable development
Authors: Odales‐Bernal Leyanet , Schulz Ralf Kiran , López González Lisbet , Barrera Ernesto L 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPoultry litter (PL) is one of the drier and bulkier manures produced in intensive agriculture. Land spreading is considered the most common treatment option for PL; however, this causes large atmospheric greenhouse emissions and consequently a high negative environmental impact. PL has several factors that limit its sustainable use as an energy source, and thus there is still a need for more studies about sustainable waste management. The paper aims at: (i) proposing sustainable pathways in order to maximise the PL valorisation process, based on previous experiences described in the literature; and (ii) showing the advantages of reforming poultry farms into biorefineries in Cuba. Combinations of techniques are used to increase PL valorisation, but only by modulating the theoretical data has an improvement occurred. In this work, pathways for thermo‐ and bioconversion processes are proposed which involve four major technologies for converting PL into useful energy and fertiliser, being pyrolysis/gasification, hydrothermal carbonisation and anaerobic digestion as key conversion technologies. Including technologies for nutrient recovery in the proposed pathways would allow better agricultural applications. The treatment of PL in biorefineries in Cuba would have a positive impact on the economy through income generation and savings resulting from reductions in imports (i.e. fossil fuels and agrochemicals), employment creation, improved living conditions and development in rural communities. Future studies should be aimed at evaluating the various proposed pathways in order to maximise the PL valorisation process, in addition to a marketing study of the products generated through the biorefineries at poultry farms. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI)
Presence and type of decompensation affects outcomes in autoimmune hepatitis upon treatment with corticosteroids
Authors: Sharma Sanchit , Agarwal Samagra , Kaushal Kanav , Anand Abhinav , Gunjan Deepak , Yadav Rajni , Saraya Anoop 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsDecompensated cirrhosis in autoimmune hepatitis has poor prognosis. Besides liver transplant, treatment for this entity is undefined. We explored the outcomes of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)‐related decompensated cirrhosis with active disease on treatment with steroids.MethodsIn this retrospective analysis, clinical data, laboratory parameters, and prognostic scores, such as baseline model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) scores, were compared among patients of AIH with decompensated cirrhosis with mild/no ascites (n = 38), gross ascites (n = 24), and compensated cirrhosis (n = 32) when administered steroids. The primary outcome was transplant‐free survival at 12 months. Biochemical remission rates and other adverse events were also assessed and compared between these groups.ResultsSteroids were initiated at lower doses (25 mg/day‐mild/no ascites, 20 mg/day‐gross ascites) in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and at 40 mg/day in those with compensated cirrhosis. Transplant‐free survival was 25.4%, 74.6%, and 96.9% (P = 0.001), and biochemical remission occurred in 5.1%, 49.0%, and 64.1% (P = 0.001) at 12 months in patients with gross ascites, mild/no ascites, and compensated cirrhosis, respectively. Infections were seen more frequently in decompensated cirrhosis, while other adverse events were comparable. Among decompensated cirrhosis, those with mild/no ascites had better prognostic scores, fewer posttreatment infections, and more frequent biochemical remission than those with gross ascites, achieving rates comparable to compensated cirrhosis. On multivariate analysis, the MELD score (subdistributional hazards ratio [sHR]; 95% confidence interval: 1.153 [1.07–1.24]; P = 0.001) and ascites (sHR: 2.556 [1.565–5.65]; P = 0.020) predicted survival.ConclusionType and severity of decompensation affect outcomes in patients with AIH‐related cirrhosis. Those with mild/no ascites have comparable outcomes to those with compensated cirrhosis upon treatment with low‐dose steroids.
Identifying predictors of patient radiation dose during uterine artery embolisation
Authors: Nocum Don J. , Robinson John , Halaki Mark , Liang Eisen , Thompson Nadine , Moscova Michelle , Reed Warren 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionUterine artery embolisation (UAE) is regarded as a safe and effective treatment for symptomatic uterine fibroids and/or adenomyosis. Dose reduction during UAE is critical for this reproductive‐age patient population to minimise the risks of radiation‐induced effects. The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of radiation dose which can be controlled and optimised for patients during UAE.MethodsA total of 150 patients between June 2018 and August 2019 were included in this study. Demographic and clinical information such as age, body mass index (BMI), total number of fibroids, total fibroid volume, total uterus volume and dosimetric measurements on Dose Area Product (DAP), Air Kerma (AK) and fluoroscopy time were recorded. Total digital subtraction angiography (DSA), total conventional roadmap (CRM), total last‐image hold (LIH) and total fluoroscopy were calculated from the dose report. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the independent predictor variables of total dose (DAP) using a regression model.ResultsTotal DSA, total CRM and total LIH were identified as the determinants of dose for UAE (P < 0.05) and together accounted for 95.2% of the variance.ConclusionsThis study identified the key imaging predictors of dose for UAE. Total DSA, total CRM and total LIH were shown to have a greater impact on the outcome DAP compared to other demographic or dosimetric measurements. Optimisation of these predictors during future UAE procedures can facilitate radiation dose reduction to the pelvis and reproductive organs.
On making experimental design choices: Discussions on the use and challenges of demand effects, incentives, deception, samples, and vignettes
Authors: Eckerd Stephanie , DuHadway Scott , Bendoly Elliot , Carter Craig R. , Kaufmann Lutz 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn late 2018, the Journal of Operations Management published an invited methods article by Lonati et al. (2018) to provide guidance to authors on how to design behavioral experiments to achieve the rigor required for consideration in the journal. That article was written as a response to a number of behavioral research submissions to JOM, each dealing with interesting topics but viewed by the editors to possess poor design choices at inception. While the Lonati et al. (2018) piece provides experimental guidance fitting to certain research agendas, questions have arisen concerning whether and how exactly to implement some of the points that it makes, and how to best address trade‐offs in the design of behavioral experiments. Questions have also arisen concerning how to apply these concepts in operations management research. This technical note seeks to address these questions, by diving into the details of research risks and trade‐offs regarding demand effects, incentives, deception, sample selection, and context‐rich vignettes. The authors would like to recognize the input of a large number of senior scholars in the JOM community who have provided support and feedback as we have sought to help authors tease out what can reasonably be done in designing strong behavioral experiments that fit various research agendas.
A brief history of surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy and the localized surface plasmon Dedicated to the memory of Richard Van Duyne (1945–2019)
Authors: Moskovits Martin , Piorek Brian D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWhen discovered in 1977, surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) almost immediately became a research phenomenon with dozens of groups on many continents probing this unusual result in which the Raman intensity of a molecule could be increased a millionfold when the molecule is placed on rough silver. Multiple putative explanations were reported that were winnowed down to two major groups: one made reference to the erstwhile nearly unknown entity called the surface plasmon (a collective electronic excitation of metal nanostructures); the other argued that SERS is merely unusually intense resonance Raman. The former was first enunciated by Moskovits in 1978. If indeed plasmonic in nature, one might suppose that SERS would be an effect that requires submicroscopic structure (i.e., nanostructure) and that it would be strongest for the coinage and the alkali metals and accordingly predict that the enhancement (which up to that point had been observed only on electrochemically roughened silver) will also be seen for true silver and gold colloids. All of these predictions were rapidly demonstrated experimentally by many groups, and the plasmonic model for SERS has been developed over the past 40 years into a descriptive, predictive, and quantitative theory that accounts for all of the seminal aspects of SERS.