bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of resveratrol on the progression of experimental periodontitis in an ovariectomized rat model of osteoporosis: Morphometric, immune‐enzymatic, and gene expression analysis
Authors: Molez Andréia Manetta , do Nascimento Eduarda Helena Leandro , Haiter Neto Francisco , Cirano Fabiano Ribeiro , Pimentel Suzana Peres , Ribeiro Fernanda Vieira , Casati Marcio Zaffalon , Corrêa Mônica Grazieli 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the role of resveratrol (RESV) on the progression of experimental periodontitis (EP) in ovariectomy rats (OVT).BackgroundEstrogen deficiency is the main cause of osteoporosis and is related to higher periodontal attachment loss and reduction of alveolar bone. Zoledronate (ZLD) is an antiresorptive drug used to control osteoporosis but can lead to osteonecrosis of the jaw. RESV, a natural product, can reduce bone loss and control and prevent osteoporosis. Thus, this study aimed at investigating the effect of RESV on the progression of EP in estrogen‐deficient rats.Material and MethodsThe animals were subjected to the OVT or sham surgery to induce estrogen‐deficiency and then were divided into the groups: OVT + RESV (n: 10); OVT + PLAC (n: 10): OVT + placebo; OVT + ZLD +PLA (n: 10); OVT + RESV +ZLD (n: 10): OVT + RESV and ZLD; SHAM (n: 10): non‐ovariectomized animals + placebo. To induce estrogen deficiency, the rats were subjected to ovariectomy. Experimental periodontitis was induced by the placement of a ligature at the second maxillary molars. Daily administration of the placebo solution, resveratrol (10 mg/kg), and ZLD (0.1 mg/kg) was carried out for a period 42 days prior to initiation of EP, and then for another 28 days following ligature placement. After euthanasia, the specimens were processed for micro‐CT and morphometric analysis of bone loss (linear measurement), and the gingival tissue surrounding the maxillary second molar was collected for the quantification of inflammatory markers using Luminex/MAGPix, of oxidative stress markers using ELISA assay, and gene expression analysis of bone markers, by real‐time PCR.ResultsMorphometric and micro‐CT analysis showed higher bone loss and lower bone density, respectively, in OVT + PLAC when compared to the other groups (P < .05). ZLD treated groups had lower alveolar bone loss, as well as, higher density and percentage of bone volume, when compared to OVT + RESV and SHAM + PLAC groups (P < .05). IL‐4 levels were significantly lower in the OVT + PLAC group versus OVT + ZLD +RESV and SHAM + PLAC (P < .05). NADPH oxidase (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase) levels were significantly lower OVT + RESV group when compared to OVT + PLAC (P < .05). OPG mRNA levels were lower in OVT + PLAC compared with the SHAM + PLAC group (P < .05).ConclusionIt can be concluded that resveratrol modulated alveolar bone loss during experimental periodontitis progression in estrogen‐deficient rats by downregulating NADPH oxidase levels.
Aortopulmonary fistula in a Warmblood mare associated with an aortic aneurysm and supravalvular aortic stenosis
Authors: Saey Veronique , Decloedt Annelies , Van Poucke Mario , Peelman Luc , van Loon Gunther , Vanderperren Katrien , Ducatelle Richard , Chiers Koen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis case report describes the clinical presentation, the necropsy findings, and genetic results of a 13‐year‐old Warmblood mare presented with colic and a bilaterally loud, holosystolic murmur. Echocardiographic examination revealed the presence of a thoracic aortic aneurysm, an aortic pseudoaneurysm, a periaortic hematoma (circumferential cuffing by perivascular hemorrhage), and aortopulmonary fistulation. A supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) was visible during echocardiography. Necropsy confirmed that the thoracic aortic aneurysm had ruptured and connected to the pseudoaneurysm, which fistulated into the pulmonary artery. Histologically, the aneurysm wall revealed chronic lesions such as fibrosis, mucin depositions, mineralizations, and elastin fragmentation. The mid abdominal aorta showed lesions suggestive of a systemic elastin arteriopathy. Molecular analysis, however, could not attribute this disease to a variant in the elastin gene, the most common causative gene for SVAS. To the authors' knowledge, this case report describes a case of aortopulmonary fistulation in a Warmblood horse associated with the presence of SVAS and an aortic aneurysm.
Sulfide‐dominated partial melting pathways in brachinites
Authors: Crossley Samuel D. , Ash Richard D. , Sunshine Jessica M. , Corrigan Catherine M. , McCoy Timothy J. , Mittlefehldt David W. , Puchtel Igor S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPetrogenetic relationships among members of the brachinite family were established by analyzing major and trace element concentrations of minerals for 9 representative specimens: Al Huwaysah 010, Eagles Nest, Northwest Africa (NWA) 4882, NWA 5363, NWA 7297, NWA 7299, NWA 11756, Ramlat as Sahmah (RaS) 309, and Reid 013. The brachinite family, which includes brachinites and ungrouped achondrites with compositional and isotopic similarities to brachinites, comprises FeO‐rich, olivine‐dominated achondrites whose compositional and mineralogic variability is correlated with oxidation state. Most classical brachinites are derived from precursors that were more oxidized and sulfur‐rich than those of ungrouped “brachinite‐like” achondrites. This is manifest in the distinct Fe‐Ni‐S systems among brachinite family precursors, which were sulfide‐dominated for the most oxidized brachinites and metal‐dominated for the least oxidized brachinite‐like achondrites. Consequently, highly siderophile element behavior was controlled through melting and removal of their dominant host phase in the precursor, which was likely pentlandite in sulfide‐dominated systems and kamacite/taenite in metal‐dominated systems. Anomalous Ir/Os and Pt/Os ratios of oxidized brachinites may be attributed to selective complexing during melting of As‐rich pentlandite, consistent with our observations of impact‐melted sulfides in R chondrite NWA 11304, although further experimental work is needed to model this process. The apparent redox trend among the brachinite family is consistent with silicate FeO content and Fe/Mn ratios, which may be used as a proxy for determining the relative oxidation state of brachinite family members. Based on our analyses, we make several recommendations for reclassification of samples into a continuum of oxidized to reduced endmembers for the brachinite family. Along with a common range of Δ17O, this evidence is consistent with either formation on a common heterogeneous parent body, or at least from the same nebular reservoir, with variable O and S fugacities, resulting in mineralogically distinct igneous products for oxidized and reduced endmembers. Sulfur‐bearing, oxidized differentiation may extend to other bodies that formed at or beyond the snow line in the early solar system, and should be considered when interpreting observational data for asteroids in upcoming missions.
A 6.5‐kb intergenic structural variation enhances P450‐mediated resistance to pyrethroids in malaria vectors lowering bed net efficacy
Authors: Mugenzi Leon M. J. , Menze Benjamin D. , Tchouakui Magellan , Wondji Murielle J. , Irving Helen , Tchoupo Micareme , Hearn Jack , Weedall Gareth D. , Riveron Jacob M. , Cho‐Ngwa Fidelis , Wondji Charles S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractElucidating the complex evolutionary armory that mosquitoes deploy against insecticides is crucial to maintain the effectiveness of insecticide‐based interventions. Here, we deciphered the role of a 6.5‐kb structural variation (SV) in driving cytochrome P450‐mediated pyrethroid resistance in the malaria vector, Anopheles funestus. Whole‐genome pooled sequencing detected an intergenic 6.5‐kb SV between duplicated CYP6P9a/b P450s in pyrethroid‐resistant mosquitoes through a translocation event. Promoter analysis revealed a 17.5‐fold higher activity (p < .0001) for the SV− carrying fragment than the SV− free one. Quantitative real‐time PCR expression profiling of CYP6P9a/b for each SV genotype supported its role as an enhancer because SV+/SV+ homozygote mosquitoes had a significantly greater expression for both genes than heterozygotes SV+/SV− (1.7‐ to 2‐fold) and homozygotes SV−/SV− (4‐to 5‐fold). Designing a PCR assay revealed a strong association between this SV and pyrethroid resistance (SV+/SV+ vs. SV−/SV−; odds ratio [OR] = 2,079.4, p < .001). The 6.5‐kb SV is present at high frequency in southern Africa (80%–100%) but absent in East/Central/West Africa. Experimental hut trials revealed that homozygote SV mosquitoes had a significantly greater chance to survive exposure to pyrethroid‐treated nets (OR 27.7; p < .0001) and to blood feed than susceptible mosquitoes. Furthermore, mosquitoes homozygote‐resistant at the three loci (SV+/CYP6P9a_R/CYP6P9b_R) exhibited a higher resistance level, leading to a far superior ability to survive exposure to nets than those homozygotes susceptible at the three loci, revealing a strong additive effect. This study highlights the important role of structural variations in the development of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors and their detrimental impact on the effectiveness of pyrethroid‐based nets.
Asphalt pavement modulus backcalculation using surface deflections under moving loads
Authors: Wu Chaoyang , Wang Hao , Zhao Jingnan , Jiang Xin , Qiu Yanjun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe measurement of pavement surface deflections under moving loads can be used for evaluation of pavement structural condition. The objective of this paper is to develop an innovative backcalculation method to calculate pavement layer moduli based on traffic speed deflectometer (TSD) measurements and analyze factors influencing backcalculation results. The backcalculation method is based on 2.5D finite element method (FEM) and constrained extended Kalman filter (CEKF). Field measurements at different pavement sections were used to verify the accuracy of backcalculation results. Parametric analysis was conducted to evaluate the influences of traffic loading and pavement structure variations in the field. It was found that the backcalculation results were considerably affected by the variation of asphalt layer thickness and dynamic loading due to pavement surface roughness. A heavy truck passing the adjacent lane during TSD testing could also cause variation of backcalculation results.
Automatic railroad track components inspection using real‐time instance segmentation
Authors: Guo Feng , Qian Yu , Wu Yunpeng , Leng Zhen , Yu Huayang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn the United States, to ensure railroad safety and keep its efficient operation, regular track inspections on track component defects are required by the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA). Various types of inspection equipment are applied, such as ground penetrating radar, laser, and LiDAR, but they are usually very expensive and require extensive training and rich experience to operate. To date, track inspections still rely heavily on manual inspections which are low‐efficiency, subjective, and not as accurate as desired, especially for missing and broken track components, such as spikes, clips, and tie plates. To address this issue, a real‐time pixel‐level rail components detection framework to inspect tracks timely and accurately is proposed in this study. The first public rail components image database, including rails, spikes, and clips, is built and released online. A real‐time pixel‐level detection framework with improved real‐time instance segmentation models is developed. The improved models leverage fast object detection and highly accurate instance segmentation. Backbones with more granular levels and receptive fields are implemented in the proposed models. Compared with the original YOLACT and Mask R‐CNN models, the proposed models are able to: (1) achieve 59.9 bbox mAP, and 63.6 mask mAP with the customized dataset, which are higher than the other models and (2) achieve a real‐time speed which is over 30 FPS processing a high‐resolution video (1,080 × 1,092) with a single GPU. The fast processing speed can quickly turn inspection videos into useful information to assist track maintenance. The railroad track components image dataset can be accessed at https://github.com/jonguo111/Rail_components_image_data
Prevalence and distribution of pathogen infection and permethrin resistance in tropical and temperate populations of Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. collected worldwide
Authors: Tucker N. S. G. , Weeks E. N. I. , Beati L. , Kaufman P. E. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (s.l.) Latreille (Acari: Ixodidae), is a peridomestic, cosmopolitan parasite of dogs known to vector numerous pathogens of veterinary and medical importance. Recent phylogenetic analyses separate this tick into temperate and tropical lineages. Populations of Rh. sanguineus s.l. have been reported to exhibit sodium channel target site insensitivity to permethrin and etofenprox, which is likely due to the prolonged use of pyrethroids against many pests in and around the home. In this study, populations collected in the Caribbean, Africa, Asia, Europe and North America, were tested to identify the distribution of a known resistance mechanism, pathogen–vector interactions and phylogeny in relation to latitude. Using molecular assays, populations from 29 distinct locations were simultaneously geographically typed and screened for bacterial infection by Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Babesia and Hepatozoon species, and for the presence of a sodium channel single nucleotide polymorphism known to confer permethrin resistance. Implications of these results on Rh. sanguineus s.l. management in association with geographical distribution will be discussed.
Impact of difficult sedation on the management and outcome of critically ill patients
Authors: Gil Castillejos Diana , Rubio María Lourdes , Ferre Carmen , de Gracia Mª de los Ángeles , Bodí María , Sandiumenge Alberto 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe term “difficult sedation” (DS) refers to situations of therapeutic failure, tolerance, or deprivation of the sedatives administered.AimsTo characterize the profile of patients who developed DS and to assess its impact on the duration of mechanical ventilation (MV) and intensive care unit length of stay (ICU‐LOS), as well as other complications related to their stay.DesignA prospective descriptive analysis was conducted of the practices of analgesia/sedation in a medical‐surgical intensive care unit (ICU) over a 2‐year period.MethodsAll critically ill patients undergoing MV and sedation for more than 24 hours were prospectively followed until death or discharge. Demographic data, type, duration, complications of analgesia/sedation, and clinical outcome during ICU stay were recorded. Patients who developed DS were compared with those who were not difficult to sedate (not‐DS).ResultsA total of 327 patients were included, 24.1% of whom were difficult to sedate (DS). Patients in the DS group were younger (P = .001); less severely ill (P = .003); and were more likely to have a history of smoking (P = .045), alcohol (P < .001), and psychotropic use (P = .001) than the not‐DS group. Patients included in the DS group were sedated for longer periods (P < .001) and required higher doses of midazolam (P < .036), propofol (P = .023), and remifentanyl (P = .026) than those in the not‐DS group. Difficult‐to‐sedate patients were twice as likely to require more than one sedative simultaneously (P < .001), presented more periods of over‐sedation (P = .031)/under‐sedation (P = .024), and suffered more pain (P < .001) than patients in the not‐DS group. Patients in the DS group had prolonged MV times (P < .001), developed more pressure ulcers (P > .001) and ventilator‐associated pneumonias (P = .025), and were more likely to require tracheotomy (P = .001) than those in the not‐DS group.ConclusionDS develops in one of four critically ill patients and has a negative impact on their outcomes.Early identification of the clinical profile of this group and active prevention and treatment are essential strategies in order to minimize its impact.Relevance to Clinical PracticeA quarter of mechanically ventilated patients may develop situations of DS, which negatively affects their outcome. Early detection and prevention of DS are essential to minimize its impact.
Comparison of longitudinal and radial characteristics of intra‐anal pressures using 3D high‐definition anorectal manometry between children with anoretal malformations and functional constipation
Authors: Ambartsumyan Lusine , Shaffer Michele , Carlin Kristen , Nurko Samuel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundPathophysiology of fecal incontinence (FI) in children with anorectal malformations (AM) is not well understood. Standard or high‐resolution anorectal manometry (ARM) does not identify radial asymmetry or localize abnormal sphincter function. 3D high‐definition anorectal manometry (HDARM) provides detailed topographic and 3D pressure gradient representation of anal canal.AimsTo compare intra‐anal pressure profiles between children with AM and controls using HDARM and to determine the association between manometric properties and reported predictors of fecal continence (AM type, spinal anomaly, and sacral integrity).MethodsHDARM tracings of 30 children with AM and FI referred for ARM were compared with 30 age and sex‐matched children with constipation. 2D pressure profiles were used to measure length of high‐pressure zone (HPZ). Longitudinal and radial measurements of sphincter pressure at rest and squeeze were taken along each segment in 3D topographic views and compared between groups.Key Results3D measurements demonstrated longitudinal and radial differences between groups along all quadrants of HPZ. At rest, intra‐anal pressures were lower along the four segments longitudinally across the anal canal and radially along the quadrants in AM group (P < .01). At squeeze, all quadrant pressures were lower in segments 1‐4 in AM group (P < .01). Sensation was abnormal in AM group (P < .01). Intra‐anal pressures longitudinally and radially were not associated with predictors of fecal continence.Conclusions and InferencesChildren with AM had abnormal sensation and lower pressures longitudinally and radially along all quadrants of anal canal. Manometric properties at rest were not associated with reported predictors of fecal continence.
The theory of caritative caring: Katie Eriksson’s theory of caritative caring presented from a human science point of view
Authors: Näsman Yvonne 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Finnish nursing theorist Katie Eriksson's (1943–2019) theory of caritative caring represents a non‐medical paradigm concerning the phenomena of nursing. The aim of this article was to present an oversight of the development of Eriksson's theory of caritative caring from a human science point of view. The historical development of the theory is outlined, combined with a brief overview of its philosophical connections, its impact on contemporary caring science research and its implications for nursing care. Caring science is considered a human science in the Nordic tradition, as it is deeply rooted in basic issues of human life and existence. The key ideas of Eriksson's theory of caritative caring are linked to the metaparadigm concepts of human being, health and suffering, caring and environment. All of these are permeated with the ethos of caritative caring, that is, the caritas thought of human love and mercy, and the honouring of the absolute dignity of human beings. Epistemologically, Gadamer is the most influential philosopher when it comes to the theory of caritative caring. Eriksson's theory is used in, for example, intercultural caring, caring for patients suffering from addiction, the importance of aesthetic surroundings, providing ethically good care for older people and mothers as patients in psychiatric care. In these fields of research, Eriksson's ideas of ethics, caring and suffering are highlighted in various clinical contexts. Beyond the areas of nursing care in which Eriksson's work has been cited and developed, there are at least two areas that have been actively enhanced by her works: the field of leadership and education for nursing teachers. According to Eriksson, it is momentous to ponder scientific results as not limited to empirically strengthened, randomized outcomes. Part of making the results of scientific work evident is up to the individual nurses and their being in the world.
Anatomic Restoration of Triple Disruption of the Superior Shoulder Suspensory Complex: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Wu Kai , Wu Xiao‐ming , Zha Xiao‐long , Wang Qiu‐gen 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundMultiple disruptions of the superior shoulder suspensory complex (SSSC) involving more than two components are extremely rare. In some extreme situations, three components of the SSSC structure can be involved. The ideal treatment for this type of injury is debatable.Case presentationA 21‐year‐old woman was referred to our emergency center following a traffic accident. A three‐dimensional CT scan showed triple disruption of the SSSC involving concomitant ipsilateral fractures of the coracoid, the acromion, and the distal clavicle. The connection between the upper limber and the axial skeleton was destroyed. There was no evidence of associated injury and the neurovascular examination of the injured upper limb was normal. The patient underwent an open reduction and internal fixation to restore the anatomic integrity of the SSSC. The arm was supported in a broad arm sling for 2 weeks after surgery. Gentle passive range of motion activity under analgesic was encouraged from the second day postoperatively. One year and half after the operation, the patient had regained pain free and unrestricted shoulder stability and mobility.ConclusionThe manifestations of multiple disruptions of the SSSC may be variable. This case illustrated the challenges of treating the multiple disruption of the SSSC structure. It also showed that surgical intervention for this rare combination injury yields an excellent functional result. The good outcome achieved in this patient demonstrates that surgical intervention might be an optional resolution for multiple disruptions of the SSSC.