bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serologic status at 10 months of infants born to hepatitis B positive mothers given prophylaxis - A prospective cohort study
Authors: Saradakutty Geetha , Dharmarajan C , Kumar A Santhosh 
Published: June 2020

Rationale: Perinatal exposure is the most common mode of transmission of hepatitis B (HB) infection in neonates. Prevention of perinatal transmission of HB is important to decrease overall carrier state. Objectives: To estimate the rate of HB carrier status among children born to HB surface antigen (HBsAg) positive mothers at 10 months of age measured by HBsAg status and to assess the efficacy of prophylaxis (HB vaccine [HBV] and HB immunoglobulin [HBIG] administration) as measured by the anti-HBs titer at 10th month of age. Methodology: This was a hospital based prospective cohort study of infants born to HBsAg positive motherbetween April 2008 and October 2008 with a follow-up at 6 weeks, 14 weeks, and 10 months of age. After informed consent from the parents, 0.5 ml of recombinant vaccine was given to all. HBIG was given to only those who could afford to buy it. At 6 and 14 weeks of age, 0.5 ml of recombinant vaccine was given according to the IAP immunization schedule along with other UIP vaccines to all neonates. At 10 months of age (plus 1 week), 69 infants completed 3 doses of HBV. Anti-HBs titer and HBsAg status were measured. Anti-HBs titer >100 IU/L was taken as a good responder. Results: Total 125 infants were initially recruited. Allwere vaccinated with HBV within 12 h of birth. HBIG was given to 96 infants (76.8%) and only 69 (55.2%) completed 3rd visit. Carrier state in infants born to HBsAg positive mothers at 10 months of age was 1/69 (1.44%). 43/69 (62.35%) had good antibody response out of which, 41 were given both HBV and HBIG. In those given only vaccine, 2/7 (28.55%) had good antibody response (p=0.02). Conclusion: Combined HB vaccine and immunoglobulin had a better antibody response in the study as reported earlier. The carrier state was 1.44%.
Effectiveness of video-assisted teaching program on dental hygiene among children
Authors: Chatterjee Lt. Col. Keka , Selvadhas Lt. Col. Mary , R Lt. Col Rajanimole , Sharma Major Sarita , Shukla Capt. Mahima 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Worldwide, dental problems affect children’s health, causing millions of school hours to be lost each year. An effective community prevention program as a planned procedure prevents the onset of a disease among a group of individuals and the most cost-effective method is health education. Objectives: Assess the effectiveness of video-assisted teaching program on dental hygiene among primary schoolchildren. Methods and Materials: An experimental study was carried out in 60 primary schoolchildren between the age group of 5 and 10 years by dividing them into experimental and waitlisted control group. Pretest- post-test waitlisted control group design and simple random sampling were used. Standardized plaque index score and semistructured knowledge questionnaire used as tool. Results: The experimental group pre-test means rank (30.23) was significantly lower than the overall post-test rank (44.00) according to Mann–Whitney U-test. The control group pre-test means rank (30.77) was significantly higher than the post-test means rank (17.00) U = 442 (Z = ?0.118), p < 0.01. The difference between the experimental and waitlisted control group was large (? = 0.906). Conclusion: The level of awareness among schoolchildren regarding correct dental hygiene practices is low. The video-assisted teaching program was found to be effective in improving the dental hygiene of the schoolchildren as measured by plaque index score. The knowledge regarding the importance of maintaining dental hygiene will help more and more schoolchildren to follow the correct dental hygiene practices.
Hygiene and health: Effects, experiences, and expertise of “Clean India Campaign” from a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Jain Col. Sunil , Thapar Col. Rajeev Kumar 
Published: June 2020

Background: The current happenings in the country for the good should be of importance in the crucial places and the critical phases of life, i.e., hospitals and during hospitalization, even for normal life processes. The current “Clean India Campaign” is a catalyst for hospitals for improvements in hygiene. Objective: The objective of this study is to define and describe the impact of multifaceted infection control and hygienic practices by all on hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) in the pediatric age group. Materials and Methods: Implementation of multifaceted infection control policies was ensured along with the health educationfor hygienic practices by all, including attendants of patients and patients when possible. These were rigorously enforced with the renewed enthusiasm since the launch of “Clean India Campaign” from January 2015. The setting was “Paediatric Wing” of a tertiary care hospital catering to a large army cantonment, and also, referred cases. The outcome measures were the incidence of HAIs. Results: The incidence rate of HAIs was 2.91% (July 2013-December 2014) and declined to 1.59% (January 2015-June 2016) (relative risk: 0.547, 95% confidence interval: 0.409-0.733; p=0.0001). The most significant decline in HAI in our study has been in that of gastrointestinal infections (RR: 0.428%, 95% CI: 0.241-0.761; p=0.0034). Overall, the results of preventiveactions were rewarding (RR: 0.547, 95% CI: 0.409-0.733; p=0.0001). Conclusion: The mission “Clean India Campaign” and the WHO’s vision “clean care is safer care” lead to prevention and reduction of HAIs. Implementation of multifaceted infection control interventions is impactful. Hygienic practices teaching should be for both caregivers and caretakers.
Prevalence and presentation of cutaneous lesions in healthy neonates: A single-center study from Eastern India
Authors: Shubhankar Mishra , Pravakar Mishra , Ranjan Bhol Deepak , K Agarwalla Sunil , Sambedana Panigrahy , Swayamsiddha Mishra 
Published: June 2020

Background: Skin lesions are much common and specific to neonates. They vary according to age, sex, and geographic region. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of different cutaneous lesions in newborns and their association with the type of delivery, age, sex, and maturity. Materials and Methods: This study was done in neonatal follow-up clinic of department of Pediatrics, Maharaja Krushna Chandra Gajapati Medical College, Berhampur, Odisha. All the healthy newborns coming to the OPD from January 2015 to December 2016 were included in this prospective study, and their details were recorded in case recording format after taking informed consent from their guardians. Admitted patients were excluded from the study. Statistical assessments were the done by SPSS software. Results: Out of 500 neonates, skin lesionswere found in 366 (73.2%) patients. Physiological cutaneous lesions were most common, consisting 259 (70.7%) neonates. Out of the physiological lesions, benign transient lesions were seen in 163 (44.6%), out of which 95 (25.9%) had papulopustular dermatoses followed by erythema toxicum in 48 (13.1%) cases. Birthmarks were seen in 138 (37.8%) cases; pigmentary birthmarks 89 (24.5%) being the most common birthmarks followed by Mongolian spots in 71 (19.4%) cases. Pathological lesions were seen in 107 (29.3%) cases, of which nappy rash was detected in 65 (18.01%) cases. Term and male babies had a higher incidence of skin lesions. Conclusion: Benign lesions are the most common group of neonatal cutaneous manifestations which is followed by birthmarks. Conditions such as nappy rash and contact dermatitis are common pathological lesions andmajority of them are preventable. Differentiation of the physiologic skin lesions from the pathologic ones is essential to avoid unnecessary therapeutic interventions.
Diagnostic value of superficial cultures for late-onset sepsis
Authors: Adedeji Babatunde Kayode- , Nair V , Wood K Harvey- , Loganathan Prakash 
Published: June 2020

Background: Late-onset sepsis (LOS) is associated with poor outcome and one of the prevalent causes of death in preterm population; hence, there is always a need for early prediction of sepsis. The performance of routine superficial swab culture is one of the strategies for the early prediction and may help in the selection of appropriate empirical antibiotics. Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of superficial swab cultures for LOS. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study (November 2015-October 2016) in a tertiary neonatal intensive care. Inclusion criteria were preterm infants with gestationalage ?34 weeks with a diagnosis of sepsis (culture-positive and culture-negative clinical sepsis). In our unit, weekly surveillance swab cultures (skin swab, mouth swab, nasopharyngeal aspirate, and umbilical surface swab) are taken from all admitted neonates, and usually, no interventions are carried out based on these culture results. We excluded infants with surgical diagnosis/congenital anomalies and infants with early-onset sepsis. Results: After exclusion, there were 38 preterm infants fulfilling our inclusion criteria; among them, there were 108 LOS episodes. Blood culture was positive in 33 episodes, and Staphylococcus epidermidis (21%) was the most common organism cultured. In our study, superficial swab cultures had a very low diagnostic value, as sensitivity (42.9%), specificity (28.7%), predictive values, and likelihood ratio that all the estimations were low. Conclusions: Superficial swab cultures are associated with low diagnostic value for LOS. Superficial swab culture may be used surveillance of colonizing organism in the neonatal unit and provides antibiotic sensitivity pattern.
Towards an ideal neonatal sepsis screen panel - A review
Authors: Gengaimuthu Karthikeyan , Karthikeyan Vaishni 
Published: June 2020

Neonatal sepsis is an important determinant of survival in the neonatal units. Early recognition and institution of antibiotic therapy is the key for successful treatment. Complete blood count and C-reactive protein are the ritualistic commonly used tests that aid the clinician in the initiation and stopping of antibiotic therapy. Procalcitonin at 24 h is useful in diagnosing early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS). Interleukin 6 and CD 11? for EOS and CD 64 for late-onset sepsis are promising candidates for future sepsis screen panel as logistical issues like the cost factor rule out their routine use currently. We summarize the current available evidence on the use of these laboratory markers and the clinical sepsis score and suggest a practical guide for antibiotic therapy (initiation and duration of treatment) for the benefit of practicing pediatricians.
Parietal wall post-traumatic hernia with multiple injuries: A rare case report
Authors: Apte Ashwin , Dausage Chirag Shanti 
Published: June 2020

Traumatic abdominal wall hernia (TAWH) is a rare entity. Most of the cases occur in children, following an injury from the bicycle handlebar. In adults, it usually results from road traffic accidents (RTA). The diagnosis may often be established with physical examination alone. Conventional radiology, computerized tomography, and ultrasound have also proven useful. Due to the high incidence of other associated intra-abdominal injuries, early exploration and repair through a midline incision are advocated. Adequate debridement and solid repair of fascial planes with non-absorbable sutures are required to prevent recurrence. We present a case of TAWH following RTA managed by delayed repair without mesh.
Plasticity of glucose metabolism in activated immune cells: advantages for melatonin inhibition of COVID-19 disease
Authors: Reiter Russel J , Sharma Ramaswamy , Ma Qiang , Liu Changwei , Manucha Walter , Abreu-Gonzalez Pedro , Dominguez-Rodriguez Alberto 
Published: June 2020

COVID-19 has infected hundreds of thousands and killed tens of thousands of people worldwide and it continues to ravage societies as well as fiscal and economic stability of several countries. Currently, several drugs that were designed for other conditions have been repurposed to counter the COVID-19 pandemic. Some have modest efficacy in resisting this disease, but all of them have significant toxicity. Several pharmaceutical companies are rushing to develop vaccines, but their availability is 8 to 12 months in the future. In the meantime, readily available and affordable molecules that will have utility as COVID-19 antidotes are being sought. Recently, several groups independently and almost simultaneously proposed that melatonin should be considered for this purpose and several trials are underway to test whether melatonin is a reliable candidate drug for COVID-19 treatment. In this brief review, we described some potential mechanisms by which melatonin may work to protect against a COVID-19 infection. Of particular note is the likely ability of melatonin to force activated immune cells to abandon aerobic glycolysis in favor of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Aerobic glycolysis gives proinflammatory activated immune cells, for example, macrophages, an opportunity to produce increased amounts of cytokines which are released as the cytokine storm. The associated significant increase in oxidative stress is accepted as a major contributing factor to the bronchoalveolar dysfunction and pneumonia that occurs in COVID-19-infected individuals. Melatonin, via similar processes, may reduce the formation of proinflammatory M1 macrophages and convert them to macrophages of the M2 phenotype, which are anti-inflammatory. These are not the only mechanisms by which melatonin may protect against the deadly COVID-19 pandemic. Melatonin could also be given as an adjuvant with other toxic pharmaceutical agents with a high likelihood it would reduce their side effects.
Worldwide Increasing Divorce Rates: A Sociological Analysis
Authors: Mohammad Taghi Sheykhi  
Published: June 2020

The article explores how change in lifestyles has impacted the family relations leading to divorce worldwide more in industrial countries, and to a smaller extent in developing countries. Sociologically speaking, the main cause of such increase in divorce event is social change emerging due to modernization and industrialization, more education for them, change in women's consumption behavior etc. All such trends are affecting the family adjustability and the mutual respect and tolerance, leading to challenges and conflicts toward divorces. Divorce, though not being a huge problem in the Western world, it is problem-creating in the developing countries. Being a stigma in many such countries, the divorced women face lots of social and economic issues. Many of such women cannot easily remarry, and eventually deviate from the right and regular way of life. The children of divorce also lose a lot of advantages such as socialization, family/parents' affections etc. The method of research used in the present article is of qualitative type. In conclusion, it is proved that in societies with minimum divorce, more family and social health could be maintained.
Pendampingan Dan Pelatihan Industri Kreatif Ibu - Ibu PKK Di Kelurahan Kerobokan Semarang
Authors: Izzhati Dwi Nurul , Rahayu Yuniarsi 
Published: June 2020

Sesuai dengan tujuan gerakan PKK, perlu ada gerakan teknis dalam mendukung ekonomi keluarga. Untuk mendukung ekonomi keluarga seorang ibu rumah tangga sebagai sasaran khusus PKK, harus mempunyai kemampuan atau kreatifitas terutama dibidang kewirausahaan berbasis industri kreatif, melalui pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk membangun talenta keahlian industri kreatif dalam membuat/memproduksi kerajinan macrama dan meningkatkan kemampuan penggunaan Teknologi Informasi sebagai media pemasaran produk macrama yang dihasilkan oleh Ibu-ibu PKK di Kelurahan Kerobokan. Pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan pelatihan secara singkat selama satu hari yang diikuti 14 peserta dari 30 peserta yang ditargetkan, Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat terlihat ibu-ibu PKK di Kelurahan Kerobokan sangat bersemangat dalam melaksanakan pelatihan terlihat banyaknya peserta yang aktif bertanya dan menunjukkan perhatian yang tinggi. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah ibu-ibu PKK mempunyai semangat kewirausahaan, mempunyai kemampuan memanfaatkan Teknologi Informasi sebagai alat pemasaran dan mampu membuat kerajinan macrama dengan variasi desain layak jual.
Pembelajaran Berkomunikasi Secara Mandiri Menggunakan Aplikasi Indottavs Siswa Tuna Rungu Wicara Pada SLB Widya Bhakti Dan SLB Swadaya Semarang
Authors: Muljono - , Nugroho R Arief , Pujiono - , Sukmana Septian Enggar , Septemuryantoro Syaiful A. 
Published: June 2020

Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB) yang ada di kota Semarang adalah sangat sedikitnya jumlah SLB yang menangani siswa tuna rungu dan sangat terbatasnya jumlah guru khusus untuk melatih berkomunikas bagi siswa berkebutuhan khusus tuna rungu. Dengan adanya ketidakseimbangan rasio guru dan siswa, dimana jumlah guru sangatlah sedikit dibanding dengan jumlah siswa berkebutuhan khusus tuna rungu, maka banyak siswa tidak dapat tertangani secara rutin dan berkelanjutan dalam belajar dan berlatih berkomunikasi menggunakan bahasa Indonesia. Selain hal tersebut, kegiatan melatih berkomunikasi membutuhkan waktu yang lama dan berkelanjutan, sehingga banyak guru dan siswa yang jenuh dan bosan dalam kegiatan tersebut. Perguruan Tinggi (PT) adalah salah satu lembaga yang diharapkan berperan aktif dalam proses terlaksananya transfer ilmu pengetahuan atau knowledge transfer kepada masyarakat luas dalam bentuk diseminasi hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan. Pelatihan pembelajaran mandiri berkomunikasi untuk siswa tuna rungu menggunakan sistem aplikasi Text To Audio Visual Speech Bahasa Indonesia (IndoTTAVS) yang telah penulis kembangkan, bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan terbatasnya jumlah SLB dan guru yang menangani siswa tuna rungu, mengatasi kejenuhan dan kebosanan dalam proses belajar mengajar serta mempercepat kemampuan berkomunikasi bagi siswa tersebut. Aplikasi IndoTTAVS adalah sebuah aplikasi yang dapat membangkitkan suara dengan visualisasi (audio-visual) dari text yang dimasukkan. Visualisasi yang dibangkitkan dari text masukan, berupa sebuah animasi dari bentuk mulut yang terdiri dari bibir, gigi dan lidah yang akan bergerak sesuai dengan suara yang dihasilkan. Siswa dapat belajar berkomunikasi dengan cara menirukan gerakan mulut (bibir, gigi dan lidah) untuk berlatih bicara sesuai text yang diinputkan. Pelatihan sudah dilakukan di SLB B Swadaya dan SLB B Widya Bhakti Semarang. Siswa berlatih untuk memahami apa yang diucapkan dengan membaca gerakan mulut bibir (lip-reading) dari aplikasi dan berlatih menirukannya. Sistem ini dapat digunakan secara mandiri oleh siswa dan dapat digunakan oleh guru sebagai alat bantu pembelajaran dalam kelas.
Pembekalan Soft-Skill Menggunakan Media Komputer Bagi Tim Pengerak dan Kelompok PKK di Kelurahan Bulu Lor
Authors: ARIPIN _ , Paramita Cinantya , Muljono - 
Published: June 2020

Perkembangan teknologi komputer semakin canggih dan sangat populer diberbagai kalangan masyarakat. Tim Pengerak dan Kelompok PKK di Keluruhan Bulu Lor sebagai salah satu organisasi yang ada dilingkungan Kelurahan Bulu Lor mempunyai program untuk meningkatkan pemberdayaan wanita dalam kehidupan sehari-hari maupun kegiatan kemasyarakatan lainnya. Program ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan peran dan sekaligus memberdayakan kinerja Tim Penggerak dan kelompok PKK tersebut secara inovatif. Beberapa tahapan kegiatan yang diusulkan untuk mencapai tujuan program tersebut terdiri dari pelatihan soft-skill anggota Tim Penggerak dan kelompok PKK, pendampingan pemecahan masalah dilapangan dan evaluasi kegiatan agar pelaksanaan program menjadi lebih baik. Kegiatan pelatihan terdiri dari pelatihan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan penggunaan teknologi komputer untuk mendukung proses administrasi di Kelurahan Bulu Lor dan pelatihan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan program penyuluhan agar masyarakat ikut termotivasi untuk mendukung seluruh program / kegiatan Kelurahan Bulu Lor. Hasil dari kegiatan pembekalan soft-skill ini berdampak sangat baik bagi peningkatan kinerja Tim Penggerak dan kelompok PKK serta peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat terhadap seluruh program / kegiatan di Keluruhan Bulu Lor. Ini dapat dilihat dari hasil evaluasi partisipasi masyarakat yang mencapai 90% dari seluruh program / kegiatan di Keluruhan Bulu Lor yang didukung sepenuhnya oleh partisipasi masyarakat.
Pemanfaatan Media E-Learning Sebagai Pendukung Pembelajaran Bagi Guru – Guru SMP N 30 Semarang
Authors: Utomo Danang Wahyu , Subhiyakto Egia Rosi , Umaroh Liya 
Published: June 2020

Perkembangan teknologi memberikan pengaruh bagi dunia pendidikan. Perlu adanya perubahan metode pengajaran agar pembelajaran lebih interaktif. Para siswa saat ini tidak asing lagi akan teknologi internet, mobile system dan social media. Para guru perlu mengimbangi perkembangan teknologi dari siswanya tersebut. Pembelajaran online bukan lagi pembelajaran yang baru di sekolah – sekolah. Banyak sekolah yang menerapkan pembelajaran online yaitu salah satunya e-learning. Namun masih ada juga sekolah yang masih menggunakan pembelajaran konvensional. Salah satunya adalah SMP N 30 Semarang. SMP N 30 Semarang memiliki infrastruktur yang memadai seperti computer, internet dan server. Namun belum digunakan secara maksimal dalam proses Kegiatan Belajar Mengajar. Para guru masih kesulitan dalam menerapan pembelajaran online dalam kelasnya. Perlu adanya pendampingan dalam penggunaan sistem e-learning. Sebelumnya, sistem e-learning telah diusulkan namun masih belum maksimal dalam penggunaannya. para guru masih kesulitan dalam menggunakan dan menerapkan sistem pada siswa. Perlu adanya sosialisasi ulang untuk mendapatkan pemahaman khusus dalam proses pembelajaran online. Peneliti mengusulkan pengabdian tentang optimalisasi pemanfaatan e-learning dimana pengabdian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan pemahaman khusus dasar e-learning dan bagaimana proses pengisian konten dilakukan.
Efektifitas Edukasi Terpadu Dalam Meningkatkan Efikasi Diri Pasien Pasca Operasi Total Hip dan Knee Replacement di Rumah Sakit
Authors: Maliga Muhajirin , Sjattar Elly Lilianty , Syahrul Syahrul 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT The research aimed ti investigate the effectiveness of the integrated education in improving the self-efficacy of the patients post opeation of the replacements of the hip and knee joints.In the research the search was carried out using the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, ProQuest and Science Direct. The next step was a secondary search based on the reference to the primary search results. There were 9articles so that the total inclusion of 16 articles. The research results obtained after the intervention revealed that the participants of the education empowerment group showed significantly higher self-care competence and self-efficacy. Thus after giving an integrated educational intervention, there was an increase in the self-efficacyof the patients. It could be seen that were was an influence of the intervention on the increase of the self-efficacy of the patients after the operationsof replacemnt of the hip and knee joints. Key words: Integrated education, self-efficacy, Total Hip and Knee Replacement