bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responses of earliness and lateness genes for heading to different photoperiods, and specific response of a gene or a pair of genes to short day length in rice
Authors: Rana Birendra Bahadur , Kamimukai Misa , Bhattarai Mukunda , Koide Yohei , Murai Masayuki 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundHeading time is an important trait for regional and seasonal adaptabilities in rice, and is controlled by genetic factors in relation with environmental factors, mainly day length and temperature. The following genes controlling heading were examined for their responses to six different environmental conditions involving different day lengths using five early near-isogenic lines (NILs) of T65-R and three late NILs of T65wx: two earliness genes,Ef1andEfxcontrolling basic vegetative phase (BVG), andm-Ef1, the enhancer to the former gene; and two lateness genes,Se1-pat(t) andse-patcontrolling photo-sensitivity and BVG, respectively. T65-R and T65-T were different accessions of Taichung 65. T65wx is a NIL of T65-T carryingwx.ResultsThe five early NILs of T65-R were in the order of ER50 (Ef1,Efx,m-Ef1) < ER40 (Ef1,m-Ef1) ≤ ER20 (Ef1,Efx) < ER1 (Ef1) ≤ ER21 (Efx) < T65-R regarding days to heading (DTH) under two spring-sowing and one summer-sowing paddy field (PF) conditions. The three late NILs of T65wx were in the order of LF3 (Se1-pat(t)) ≤ LF2 (Se1-pat(t),se-pat) ≤ T65wx < LF1 (se-pat) under two short-day conditions (10-h photoperiod condition with artificial-light and natural short-day condition from autumn to winter). The NILs and T65wx were in the order of T65wx < LF3 < LF1 < LF2 under the two spring-sowing PF (long day) conditions. T65-R (Ac-ef1) was 2.8 or 5.1 days earlier in DTH than T65-T (ac-ef1) under the two spring-sowing PF conditions. However, T65-R was 19 and 10 days earlier than T65-T under the two short-day conditions.ConclusionsEarliness gene(s) and their combinations reduced DTH regardless of photoperiod lengths.Se1-pat(t) increased DTH under long-day conditions but decreased it under short-day conditions, whilese-patelongated DTH under both short-day and long-day conditions indicating thatse-patis responsible for BVG. These-patincreased DTH by adding its effect over that ofSe1-pat(t) under long-day conditions. However, this increasing effect of DTH byse-patwas almost completely masked when it coexisted withSe1-pat(t) under the short-day conditions. Notably, the response ofAc-ef1to day length was found to delay heading under the short-day conditions.
Examining the episodic context account: does retrieval practice enhance memory for context?
Authors: Hong Min Kyung , Polyn Sean M. , Fazio Lisa K. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRetrieval practice, such as filling in blanks or taking quizzes, is firmly established as an effective study strategy. However, the underlying mechanism of how retrieval practice benefits memory is still unclear. One current theory, the episodic context account, proposes that retrieval enhances memory by reinstating a prior learning context. This retrieved context is then strengthened and updated to include context at the time of recall, which later serves as an effective retrieval cue. However, few studies have directly tested this hypothesis. We did so by examining participants’ memory for the initial study context. Across three experiments, participants encoded cue-target pairs presented in different colors and either restudied or practiced retrieving the targets. If retrieval practice benefits memory by reinstating the prior episodic context, participants who successfully retrieved the items during practice should have enhanced memory for context details (i.e. font color) compared to participants who restudied the pairs. Contrary to this prediction, memory for font colors did not differ between the restudy condition and the retrieval practice condition. Even when font color was actively attended to and integrated with the to-be-remembered items, retrieval practice did not increase memory for this aspect of context. Our results suggest that the context reinstated during retrieval practice is limited in nature. Aspects of the context that are not essential to retrieval of the item are not strengthened by retrieval practice.
Domperidone treatment advances onset of puberty in the viviparous mosquitofish Gambusia affinis
Authors: Bhat Shilpa K. , Ganesh C. B. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough dopamine (DA) exerts modulatory effect on reproduction in the majority of fishes, its role is not clearly understood in viviparous species. The aim of this investigation was to determine the influence of DA antagonist domperidone (DOM) on puberty in the viviparous speciesGambusia affinis.ResultsTreatment of 1.5 or 4 mg DOM to 25 days post-hatching (DPH) juveniles for a period of 35 days resulted in dense aggregations of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-immunoreactive fibres in the proximal pars distalis (PPD) region of the pituitary gland in contrast to faintly seen fibres in treatment controls. In the ovary, the follicles belonging to stages I–IV did not differ significantly among different experimental groups. However, stage V (vitellogenic) follicles were completely absent in treatment controls in contrast to their presence in 1.5 or 4 mg DOM-treated fish. Besides, the diameter of stage V follicles was significantly higher in 1.5 mg DOM-treated fish compared with 4 mg DOM-treated fish.ConclusionsThe results suggest that DOM treatment triggers the follicular development and promotes the early onset of puberty, possibly by attenuating the dopaminergic inhibition on GnRH fibres, for the first time in a viviparous species.
Recommendations from the Brazilian society of rheumatology for the diagnosis of Sjögren’s syndrome (Part I): glandular manifestations (systematic review)
Authors: Trevisani Virginia Fernandes Moça , Pasoto Sandra Gofinet , Fernandes Marilena Leal Mesquita Silvestre , Lopes Maria Lúcia Lemos , de Magalhães Souza Fialho Sonia Cristina , Pinheiro Aysa César , dos Santos Laura Caldas , Appenzeller Simone , Fidelix Tania , Ribeiro Sandra Lúcia Euzébio , de Brito Danielle Christinne Soares Egypto , Libório Tatiana , Santos Maria Carmen Lopes Ferreira Silva , Tanure Leandro , Gennari Juliana D Agostino , Civile Vinicius Tassoni , Pinto Ana Carolina Pereira Nunes , Oliveira Fabíola Reis , de Sousa Jaqueline Martins , Miyamoto Samira Tatiyama , Valim Valeria 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) is a systemic immune-mediated disease whose main characteristic is exocrine gland inflammation and, subsequent reduction in tear and saliva production. A delayed diagnosis is common due to the nonspecific clinical manifestations of disease. The aim of the present study was to develop recommendations for the diagnosis of glandular manifestations of pSS based on evidence and expert opinion.

Main body of the abstract
We conducted a systematic literature review to retrieve the best evidence available on the accuracy of diagnostic tests for pSS. We also held two in-person meetings with experts (rheumatologists, pathologists, ophthalmologists and dentists) to establish their level of agreement using the Delphi method. Ultimately, we generated 18 recommendations that aim to facilitate the diagnosis of the glandular manifestations of pSS.

Conclusion
The diagnosis of glandular manifestations of pSS is complex and multidisciplinary. It requires specific knowledge in the field of ophthalmology, immunology, pathology and imaging, making it compulsory for the rheumatologist to work with professionals from these different areas in order to improve accuracy and early diagnosis. Glandular dysfunction tests, ANA, RF, Anti-Ro, protein electrophoresis, urinalysis, blood count, C-Reactive protein, complement, testing for syphilis and viruses (HCV, HIV) and SGUS should be investigated when dryness or systemic manifestation are present. Minor salivary gland biopsy is recommended for all anti-Ro negative or incomplete criteria cases.
The use of a dedicated neurological triage system improves process times and resource utilization: a prospective observational study from an interdisciplinary emergency department
Authors: Hoyer Carolin , Stein Patrick , Rausch Hans-Werner , Alonso Angelika , Nagel Simon , Platten Michael , Szabo Kristina 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Patients with neurological symptoms have been contributing to the increasing rates of emergency department (ED) utilization in recent years. Existing triage systems represent neurological symptoms rather crudely, neglecting subtler but relevant aspects like temporal evolution or associated symptoms. A designated neurological triage system could positively impact patient safety by identifying patients with urgent need for medical attention and prevent inadequate utilization of ED and hospital resources.

Methods
We compared basic demographic information, chief complaint/presenting symptom, door-to-doctor time and length of stay (LOS) as well as utilization of ED resources of patients presenting with neurological symptoms or complaints during a one-month period before as well as after the introduction of the Heidelberg Neurological Triage System (HEINTS) in our interdisciplinary ED. In a second step, we compared diagnostic and treatment processes for both time periods according to assigned acuity.

Results
During the two assessment periods, 299 and 300 patients were evaluated by a neurologist, respectively. While demographic features were similar for both groups, overall LOS (p < 0.001) was significantly shorter, while CT (p = 0.023), laboratory examinations (p = 0.006), ECG (p = 0.011) and consultations (p = 0.004) were performed significantly less often when assessing with HEINTS. When considering acuity, an epileptic seizure was less frequently evaluated as acute with HEINTS than in the pre-HEINTS phase (p = 0.002), while vertigo patients were significantly more often rated as acute with HEINTS (p < 0.001). In all cases rated as acute, door-to-doctor-time (DDT) decreased from 41.0 min to 17.7 min (p < 0.001), and treatment duration decreased from 304.3 min to 149.4 min (p < 0.001) after introduction of HEINTS triage.

Conclusion
A dedicated triage system for patients with neurological complaints reduces DDT, LOS and ED resource utilization, thereby improving ED diagnostic and treatment processes.
α-Fetoprotein (AFP)-L3% and transforming growth factor B1 (TGFB1) in prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency
Authors: Shawky Elsawabi Ahmed , Abdel wahab Khaled , Ibrahim Wesam , Saleh Shereen , Massoud Yasmine , Abdelbary Mohamed , Nabih Ahmed 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundNumerous hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biomarkers have been assessed in the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. The aim of this study was to assess the value of α-fetoprotein (AFP)-L3% and transforming growth factor B1 (TGFB1) as prognostic markers in hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation (RFA). This observational cohort study included 40 patients with HCC diagnosed by triphasic computed tomography criteria indicated for radiofrequency ablation. Serum AFP, AFP-L3%, and TGFB1 were measured in all patients before and 3 months after radiofrequency ablation.ResultsStatistically significant lower levels of TGFB1, AFP, and AFP-L3% were noted in the HCC patients after radiofrequency ablation. Significant lower levels of TGFB1, AFP, and AFP-L3% were found in the no recurrence group in comparison to the recurrence group. The cutoff value of TGFB1 > 56.87 ng/mL, AFP > 74.9 ng/mL, and AFP-L3% > 8.5% was the best in the discrimination of tumor recurrence with sensitivity of 85.7%, 57.1%, and 100%; specificity of 54.6%, 84.9%, and 100%; and diagnostic accuracy of 64.5%, 69%, and 100%, respectively.ConclusionTGFB1 and AFP-L3% are good prognostic markers for HCC. They could be used to monitor the response of HCC to treatment.
Impact of Conditioning Intensity of Allogeneic Transplantation for Acute Myeloid Leukemia With Genomic Evidence of Residual Disease
Authors: Hourigan Christopher S. , Dillon Laura W. , Gui Gege , Logan Brent R. , Fei Mingwei , Ghannam Jack , Li Yuesheng , Licon Abel , Alyea Edwin P. , Bashey Asad , Deeg H. Joachim , Devine Steven M. , Fernandez Hugo F. , Giralt Sergio , Hamadani Mehdi , Howard Alan , Maziarz Richard T. , Porter David L. , Scott Bart L. , Warlick Erica D. , Pasquini Marcelo C. , Horwitz Mitchell E. 
Published: December 2019

PURPOSE Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in remission remain at risk for relapse even after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT). AML measurable residual disease (MRD) status before alloHCT has been shown to be prognostic. Whether modulation of the intensity of the alloHCT conditioning regimen in patients with AML who test positive for MRD can prevent relapse and improve survival is unknown. METHODS Ultra-deep, error-corrected sequencing for 13 commonly mutated genes in AML was performed on preconditioning blood from patients treated in a phase III clinical trial that randomly assigned adult patients with myeloid malignancy in morphologic complete remission to myeloablative conditioning (MAC) or reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC). RESULTS No mutations were detected in 32% of MAC and 37% of RIC recipients; these groups had similar survival (3-year overall survival [OS], 56% v 63%; P = .96). In patients with a detectable mutation (next-generation sequencing [NGS] positive), relapse (3-year cumulative incidence, 19% v 67%; P < .001) and survival (3-year OS, 61% v 43%; P = .02) was significantly different between the MAC and RIC arms, respectively. In multivariable analysis for NGS-positive patients, adjusting for disease risk and donor group, RIC was significantly associated with increased relapse (hazard ratio [HR], 6.38; 95% CI, 3.37 to 12.10; P < .001), decreased relapse-free survival (HR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.84 to 4.69; P < .001), and decreased OS (HR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.17 to 3.30; P = .01) compared with MAC. Models of AML MRD also showed benefit for MAC over RIC for those who tested positive. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that MAC rather than RIC in patients with AML with genomic evidence of MRD before alloHCT can result in improved survival.
Positional information and tissue scaling during development and regeneration
Authors: Čapek Daniel , Müller Patrick 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
In order to contribute to the appropriate tissues during development, cells need to know their position within the embryo. This positional information is conveyed by gradients of signaling molecules, termed morphogens, that are produced in specific regions of the embryo and induce concentration-dependent responses in target tissues. Positional information is remarkably robust, and embryos often develop with the correct proportions even if large parts of the embryo are removed. In this Review, we discuss classical embryological experiments and modern quantitative analyses that have led to mechanistic insights into how morphogen gradients adapt, scale and properly pattern differently sized domains. We analyze these experimental findings in the context of mathematical models and synthesize general principles that apply to multiple systems across species and developmental stages.
The Drosophila NCAM homolog Fas2 signals independently of adhesion
Authors: Neuert Helen , Deing Petra , Krukkert Karin , Naffin Elke , Steffes Georg , Risse Benjamin , Silies Marion , Klämbt Christian 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
The development of tissues and organs requires close interaction of cells. To achieve this, cells express adhesion proteins such as the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) or its Drosophila ortholog Fasciclin 2 (Fas2). Both are members of the Ig-domain superfamily of proteins that mediate homophilic adhesion. These proteins are expressed as isoforms differing in their membrane anchorage and their cytoplasmic domains. To study the function of single isoforms, we have conducted a comprehensive genetic analysis of Fas2. We reveal the expression pattern of all major Fas2 isoforms, two of which are GPI anchored. The remaining five isoforms carry transmembrane domains with variable cytoplasmic tails. We generated Fas2 mutants expressing only single isoforms. In contrast to the null mutation, which causes embryonic lethality, these mutants are viable, indicating redundancy among the different isoforms. Cell type-specific rescue experiments showed that glial-secreted Fas2 can rescue the Fas2 mutant phenotype to viability. This demonstrates that cytoplasmic Fas2 domains have no apparent essential functions and indicate that Fas2 has function(s) other than homophilic adhesion. In conclusion, our data suggest novel mechanistic aspects of a long-studied adhesion protein.
Oral administration of a synthetic vinyl-ether plasmalogen normalizes open field activity in a mouse model of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata
Authors: Fallatah Wedad , Smith Tara , Cui Wei , Jayasinghe Dushmanthi , Di Pietro Erminia , Ritchie Shawn A. , Braverman Nancy 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP) is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in peroxisomal genes essential for plasmalogen biosynthesis. Plasmalogens are a class of membrane glycerophospholipids containing a vinyl-ether-linked fatty alcohol at the sn-1 position that affect functions including vesicular transport, membrane protein function and free radical scavenging. A logical rationale for the treatment of RCDP is therefore the therapeutic augmentation of plasmalogens. The objective of this work was to provide a preliminary characterization of a novel vinyl-ether synthetic plasmalogen, PPI-1040, in support of its potential utility as an oral therapeutic option for RCDP. First, wild-type mice were treated with 13C6-labeled PPI-1040, which showed that the sn-1 vinyl-ether and the sn-3 phosphoethanolamine groups remained intact during digestion and absorption. Next, a 4-week treatment of adult plasmalogen-deficient Pex7hypo/null mice with PPI-1040 showed normalization of plasmalogen levels in plasma, and variable increases in plasmalogen levels in erythrocytes and peripheral tissues (liver, small intestine, skeletal muscle and heart). Augmentation was not observed in brain, lung and kidney. Functionally, PPI-1040 treatment normalized the hyperactive behavior observed in the Pex7hypo/null mice as determined by open field test, with a significant inverse correlation between activity and plasma plasmalogen levels. Parallel treatment with an equal amount of ether plasmalogen precursor, PPI-1011, did not effectively augment plasmalogen levels or reduce hyperactivity. Our findings show, for the first time, that a synthetic vinyl-ether plasmalogen is orally bioavailable and can improve plasmalogen levels in an RCDP mouse model. Further exploration of its clinical utility is warranted.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the joint first authors of the paper.
Plasmodium falciparum GCN5 acetyltransferase follows a novel proteolytic processing pathway that is essential for its function
Authors: Bhowmick Krishanu , Tehlan Ankita , Sunita  , Sudhakar Renu , Kaur Inderjeet , Sijwali Puran Singh , Krishnamachari Annangarachari , Dhar Suman Kumar 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
The pathogenesis of human malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum is interlinked with its timely control of gene expression during its complex life cycle. In this organism, gene expression is partially controlled through epigenetic mechanisms, the regulation of which is, hence, of paramount importance to the parasite. The P. falciparum (Pf)-GCN5 histone acetyltransferase (HAT), an essential enzyme, acetylates histone 3 and regulates global gene expression in the parasite. Here, we show the existence of a novel proteolytic processing for PfGCN5 that is crucial for its activity in vivo. We find that a cysteine protease-like enzyme is required for the processing of PfGCN5 protein. Immunofluorescence and immuno-electron microscopy analysis suggest that the processing event occurs in the vicinity of the digestive vacuole of the parasite following its trafficking through the classical ER-Golgi secretory pathway, before it subsequently reaches the nucleus. Furthermore, blocking of PfGCN5 processing leads to the concomitant reduction of its occupancy at the gene promoters and a reduced H3K9 acetylation level at these promoters, highlighting the important correlation between the processing event and PfGCN5 activity. Altogether, our study reveals a unique processing event for a nuclear protein PfGCN5 with unforeseen role of a food vacuolar cysteine protease. This leads to a possibility of the development of new antimalarials against these targets.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Pneumothorax rates in CT-Guided lung biopsies: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors
Authors: Huo Ya Ruth , Chan Michael Vinchill , Habib Al-Rahim , Lui Isaac , Ridley Lloyd 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated risk factors for pneumothorax following CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic lung biopsy.

Methods:
A systematic search of nine literature databases between inception to September 2019 for eligible studies was performed.

Results:
36 articles were included with 23,104 patients. The overall pooled incidence for pneumothorax was 25.9% and chest drain insertion was 6.9%. Pneumothorax risk was significantly reduced in the lateral decubitus position where the biopsied lung was dependent compared to a prone or supine position [odds ratio (OR):3.15]. In contrast, pneumothorax rates were significantly increased in the lateral decubitus position where the biopsied lung was non-dependent compared to supine (OR:2.28) or prone position (OR:3.20). Other risk factors for pneumothorax included puncture site up compared to down through a purpose-built biopsy window in the CT table (OR:4.79), larger calibre guide/needles (≤18G vs &gt;18G: OR 1.55), fissure crossed (OR:3.75), bulla crossed (OR:6.13), multiple pleural punctures (&gt;1 vs 1: OR:2.43), multiple non-coaxial tissue sample (&gt;1 vs 1: OR 1.99), emphysematous lungs (OR:3.33), smaller lesions (&lt;4 cm vs 4 cm: OR:2.09), lesions without pleural contact (OR:1.73) and deeper lesions (≥3 cm vs &lt;3cm: OR:2.38).

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis quantifies factors that alter pneumothorax rates, particularly with patient positioning, when planning and performing a CT-guided lung biopsy to reduce pneumothorax rates.

Advances in knowledge:
Positioning patients in lateral decubitus with the biopsied lung dependent, puncture site down with a biopsy window in the CT table, using smaller calibre needles and using coaxial technique if multiple samples are needed are associated with a reduced incidence of pneumothorax.
Κίνητρα και αντικίνητρα διεκδίκησης θέσης διοικητικής ευθύνης: Στάσεις και απόψεις των αιρετών της πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης
Authors: Σπυριάδου Κωνσταντία , Κουτούζης Μανώλης 
Published: December 2019

Το παρόν άρθρο επιχειρεί να αναδείξει τις απόψεις των αιρετών εκπροσώπων των εκπαιδευτικών σχετικά με τα κίνητρα και αντικίνητρα των εκπαιδευτικών ως προς τη διεκδίκηση διευθυντικής θέσης. Ειδικότερα, πραγματοποιήθηκε πρωτογενής ποιοτική έρευνα με τηλεφωνικές συνεντεύξεις σε 30 αιρετούς από τα 3 υπηρεσιακά συμβούλια πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης, αλλά και τις 13 περιφερειακές διευθύνσεις εκπαίδευσης. Σύμφωνα με τα ερευνητικά ευρήματα, οι αιρετοί θεωρούν ότι οι εκπαιδευτικοί που διεκδικούν διευθυντική θέση έχουν κυρίως εξωτερικά κίνητρα όπως το επίδομα θέσης ευθύνης, τις μειωμένες ώρες διδασκαλίας και την κοινωνική αναγνώριση, παρά εσωτερικά κίνητρα, όπως την υλοποίηση οράματος και την ανάπτυξη κοινωνικών και διοικητικών δεξιοτήτων. Συνεπώς, τα αναμενόμενα πλεονεκτήματα της διευθυντικής θέσης λειτουργούν ως κίνητρα που ενισχύουν την κατασκευή και εκδήλωση Ηγετικής Ταυτότητας. Κατά την άποψη των αιρετών, οι εκπαιδευτικοί που εσωτερικεύουν Ταυτότητα Ακόλουθου έχουν κυρίως εσωτερικά εμπόδια, καθώς προσπαθούν να προστατευθούν από τους κινδύνους που συνδέονται με τις διοικητικές ευθύνες.