bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of chronic intermittent hypoxia on enzymatic activity in memory-associated brain regions of male and female rats
Authors: Mabry Steve , Bradshaw Jessica L. , Gardner Jennifer J. , Wilson E. Nicole , Sunuwar Janak , Yeung Hannah , Shrestha Sharad , Cunningham J. Thomas , Cunningham Rebecca L. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an intermittent hypoxia disorder associated with cognitive dysfunction, including learning and memory impairments. There is evidence that alterations in protease activity and neuronal activation as associated with cognitive dysfunction, are dependent on sex, and may be brain region-specific. However, the mechanisms mediating OSA-induced cognitive impairments are unclear. Therefore, we used a rat model of OSA, chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH), to investigate protease activity (e.g., calpain and caspase-3) and neuronal activation (early growth response protein 1, EGR-1) in brain regions associated with learning and memory. We used a rat model of OSA known as chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) to investigate protease activity (calpain and caspase-3) and neuronal activation (early growth response protein 1, EGR-1) in brain regions associated with learning and memory.
Methods
Male and female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to CIH or room air (normoxic) for 14 days. We quantified protease activity and cleaved spectrin products, along with EGR-1 protein expression in hippocampal subregions (CA1, CA3), cortical regions [entorhinal cortex (ETC), retrosplenial cortex (RSC), cerebellar cortex (CC)], and subcortical regions [raphe nucleus (RN), locus coeruleus (LC)] associated with learning and memory. Within each group, Pearson correlations of calpain activity, caspase-3 activity, and EGR-1 expression were performed between brain regions. Sex differences within normoxic and CIH correlations were examined.
Results
CIH dysregulated calpain activity in male ETC and female CA1 and RSC. CIH dysregulated caspase-3 activity in male RN and female CA1 and RSC. CIH decreased calpain and caspase-3 cleavage products in male ETC. CIH decreased calpain-cleaved spectrin in male RSC but increased these products in female RSC. EGR-1 expression was decreased in male and female RN. Correlational analysis revealed CIH increased excitatory connections in males and increased inhibitory connections in females. EGR-1 expression in males shifted from negative to positive correlations.
Conclusions
Overall, these data show that CIH dysregulates protease activity and impairs neuronal function in a brain region- and sex-dependent manner. This indicates that males and females exhibit sex-specific vulnerabilities to mild OSA. These findings concur with our previous behavioral studies that demonstrated memory impairment in CIH-exposed rats.
Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals the Regulatory Mechanisms of Lignans Biosynthesis in the Genus Polygonatum
Authors: Shi Guangdi , Wan Xiaolin , Lan Demiao , Xiao Qiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

By integrating metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses, our study unravels the regulatory mechanisms underlying the biosynthesis of lignans in the plant genus Polygonatum. As a perennial herb of the Liliaceae family, Polygonatum boasts rhizomes that are rich in polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, sterols, and amino acids—micronutrients that contribute to its essence-nourishing, antioxidant, and anti-aging properties. These rhizomes have a positive impact on memory enhancement, blood glucose and lipid reduction, and immune system strengthening. Lignans, as secondary metabolites in plants, play a pivotal role in plant defense against pests and stress, and exhibit a range of pharmacological activities, including anti-tumor, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant effects.Focusing on Polygonatum sibiricum Red and Polygonatum kingianum var. grandifolium, our research delves into the transcriptional and metabolic mechanisms of lignan biosynthesis. We discovered that transcription factor families such as GARP-G2-like and SET may be crucial in regulating the lignan synthetic pathway within the rhizomes of Polygonatum. Additionally, we identified 17 lignans, with significant differences in the content of nine, particularly the marked expression variation of Cycloolivil-6-O-glucoside between the two Polygonatum species.Our findings not only fill a gap in the field but also offer guidance for molecular breeding, underscoring the significance of lignans in Polygonatum and providing theoretical support for enhancing the plant's stress tolerance and resistance to pests and diseases. We recommend further in-depth exploration of the metabolic and regulatory mechanisms of Polygonatum lignans to inform the development of new Polygonatum varieties with high quality and lignan content.
Nutrition and Rare Diseases: A Case Study of Patients with Acute Intermittent Porphyria (AIP)
Authors: Granata Francesca , Vigna Luisella , Pierro Elena Di , Piontini Alessandra , Duca Lorena , De Luca Giacomo , Fustinoni Silvia , Fracanzani Anna Ludovica , Stefano Valeria Di , Graziadei Giovanna 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by acute attacks often triggered by porphyrinogenic drugs and a low-glucose diet. According to recent findings, chronic symptoms persist in AIP patients. To avoid the symptoms, patients often adopt preventive strategies such as increasing glucose intake, suggesting that nutrition is a crucial aspect of disease management. Given the strong connection with AIP and glucose, we assessed anthropometric data, biochemical data and nutritional evaluation, in 16 AIP females and hypothesized that an increase in glucose consumption may lead to an imbalance in nutrition and metabolism. The results indicated that 14 out of 16 patients consumed high levels of simple sugars and saturated fatty acids (SFA), leading to overweight conditions (BMI > 25) in 50% of patients. The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) showed excess fat mass in 64% of patients aged 30–49 years and 40% of patients aged 51–70 years; these results were more accurate than those obtained using BMI alone. Excessive intake of simple sugars and SFA resulted in elevated blood LDL levels in 36% of younger patients and 80% of older patients. Although the dietary intake of HDL was low, its levels were above normal and positively correlated with age (r = 0.56, p = 0.02). Over hydration, indicated by an elevated ECW/TBW ratio, was positively correlated with cortisol levels (r = 0.67, p = 0.008), suggesting metabolic stress. To summarize, excessive consumption of simple sugars and SFA affects the body composition and biochemical markers of AIP patients, emphasizing the need for nutritional support to prevent metabolic syndrome and manage chronic symptoms.
Restoring Mitochondrial Quantity and Quality to Reverse Warburg Effect and Drive Tumor Differentiation
Authors: Ye Jiangbin , Jiang Haowen , Tiche Sarah , He Clifford , Liu Junyan , Bian Fuyun , Jedoui Mohamed , Forgo Balint , Islam Md Tauhidul , Zhao Meng , Emengo Pamela , He Bo , Li Yang , Li Albert , Truong Anh , Ho Jestine , Simmermaker Cathyrin , Yang Yanan , Zhou Meng-Ning , Hu Zhen , Svensson Katrin , Cuthbertson Daniel , Hazard Florette , Xing Lei , Shimada Hiroyuki , Chiu Bill 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Reduced mitochondrial quality and quantity in tumors is associated with dedifferentiation and increased malignancy. However, it remains unclear how to restore mitochondrial quantity and quality in tumors, and whether mitochondrial restoration can drive tumor differentiation. Our study shows that restoring mitochondrial function using retinoic acid (RA) to boost mitochondrial biogenesis and a mitochondrial uncoupler to enhance respiration synergistically drives neuroblastoma differentiation and inhibits proliferation. U-13C-glucose/glutamine isotope tracing revealed a metabolic shift from the pentose phosphate pathway to oxidative phosphorylation, accelerating the TCA cycle and switching substrate preference from glutamine to glucose. These effects were reversed by ETC inhibitors or in ρ0 cells lacking mtDNA, emphasizing the necessity of mitochondrial function for differentiation. Dietary RA and uncoupler treatment promoted tumor differentiation in an orthotopic neuroblastoma xenograft model, evidenced by neuropil production and Schwann cell recruitment. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of the orthotopic xenografts revealed that this strategy effectively eliminated the stem cell population, promoted differentiation, and increased mitochondrial gene signatures along the differentiation trajectory, which could potentially significantly improve patient outcomes. Collectively, our findings establish a mitochondria-centric therapeutic strategy for inducing tumor differentiation, suggesting that maintaining/driving differentiation in tumor requires not only ATP production but also continuous ATP consumption and sustained ETC activity.
Bactericidal potency of Zinc oxides (ZnOs) in comparison with other antibacterial agents against ophthalmic infections associated Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Munir Sidra , Mazhar Syed Abdullah , Ali Nazish Mazhar , Chaudhry Maham , Wasif Marriam , Riaz Samreen , Andleeb Saiqa 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background: In recent years, eye infections have become a widespread medical issue, which may be partially attributed to the rising number of contact lens users.
Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize and identify the microbes involved in corneal infections. There is a major public health problem regarding eye infections, especially in contaminated environments.
Methodology: Eye swab samples were collected from Fatima Memorial Hospital (FMH), Lahore. The samples were inoculated on Mannitol salt agar (MSA) isolate pure colonies of Staphylococcus aureus. After isolation of pure strains of bacteria, their pathogenicity was assessed using a Blood Agar test. Strains exhibiting beta hemolysis were selected and evaluated for their susceptibility to various antibiotics, green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) derived from different plant extracts, and also again different plant extracts. The pathogenic strains that showed the sensitivity against antibiotics, plant extracts and green-synthesized silver nanoparticles were sent for molecular characterization.
Results: Four isolated strains demonstrated beta hemolysis that is the indication of pathogenic Staphylococcus aureusstrains, which are associated with eye infections. The Zones of inhibition were then noted against various, green-synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) derived from different plant extracts, antibiotics and certain plant extracts by some bacterial strains, while others displayed resistance. The accession numbers of the pathogenic strain of S.aureus were received that showed sensitivity against antibiotics
Conclusion: The advancement of an effective and available treatment could enhance global public health consequences. Improved accessibility to treatments may result in well health results, especially in areas where eye infections are common but progressive medical interventions are restricted.
Effect of Plant Derived Ashes in the Sustainable Alkali Activated Binder Mortars
Authors: Feezanuddin Mohammed , Marupadige Suchit Kumar , Rahim A. Abdul , Kannan Kai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

This study focuses on the scavenged Teak Leaf Ash (TLA) and Parthenium plant ash (PA) to be used as partial replacements with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) in the making of Alkali Activated Mortars (AAMs). This research encourages the use of agricultural waste in construction for its sustainability benefits. The chemical characterization of the TLA and PA was done using XRF, EDS whereas the structural analysis was done using SEM and XRD techniques. The mortars were synthesized by varying the NaOH molarity (2M, 4M, 6M and 8M) and replacement ranges from 2.5% to 10% to evaluate their mechanical as well as microstructural properties.
The peak compressive strength was reached at a replacement of 2.5% with a 6M activator exhibiting strong C-S-H and C-A-S-H gel embedding for structural strengthening. The XRD analysis of the samples indicated a shift in peak positions as well as increased crystallinity with soaks, the SEM images also confirmed the densification of the microstructures of the sample at 28 days. The results present an opportunity of utilizing the provisions of TLA and PA in reduction of industrial material exploitation, utilization of agricultural wastes, high strength eco-friendly AAMs. The strategy therefore permits the achievement of the aims of construction in the 21st century, that is, green construction technologies.
ПЕРЕОТКРЫВАЯ ФЕНОМЕН И.Н. СРЕДНЕГО-КАМАШЕВАУЧЕНЫЙ КАК СОЗДАТЕЛЬ ФИЛОСОФСКОЙ ВЕРСИИИСТОРИКО-НАУЧНОГО ЗНАНИЯ
Authors: Алеврас Н.Н. 
Published: December 2024

Активный период творческой деятельности малоизвестного и полузабытого ученого-гуманитария И.Н. Среднего-Камашева, окончившего в 1826 г. Московский университет, пришелся на время интенсивного поиска историками смысла истории как науки. Для историографии Средний-Камашев был открыт лишь в конце XIX в. В современной науке интерес к его фигуре поддерживается упоминанием его имени в рядах первых историков исторического знания, отдельными суждениями о его взглядах и, что переизданием основных сочинений. Но специального анализа их содержания, как и авторской концепции, не предпринималось. Осуществляя очередное погружение в историю науки в целях идентификации фигуры ученого как представителя российской историко-научной мысли, автор статьи предлагает толкование его историко-философской версии развития человечества на основе анализа взаимосвязанных между собой основных его произведений: статьи «Взгляд на историю как на науку» и диссертации «О различных мнениях об изящном».
The period of creative activity of a half-forgotten and little-known scholar I.N. Sredniy-Kamashev, who graduated from Moscow University in 1826, coincided with a time of intensive searches by historians for the meaning of history as a science. Historiographers only discovered Sredniy-Kamashev in the late 19th century. In modern science, interest to his figure is supported by the mention of his name among the first historians of historical knowledge, by individual judgments about his views and, importantly, by the republishing of the main works. But a special analysis of their content, as well as the author's concept, has not been undertaken. Carrying out another immersion in the history of science in order to identify the figure of the scientist as a representative of Russian historical and scientific thought, the author proposes an interpretation of his historical and philosophical version of the development of the humanity. For this, the author of this article analyzed the major works by the historian: the series of articles entitled "A View of History as a Science", and the dissertation "Different opinions about the elegant".
РЕПРЕЗЕНТАЦИЯ ЛЮДОВИКА XIVВ ТАНЦЕВАЛЬНОМ ИСКУССТВЕОТ ПРИДВОРНОГО БАЛЕТА К КОРОЛЕВСКОМУ БАЛЕТУ
Authors: Сидоренко М.А. 
Published: December 2024

Придворный балет как жанр французского музыкального театра появился в конце XVI в. За последующие десятилетия короли Франции не раз использовали танцевальные постановки для формирования своего позитивного общественного образа. Однако лишь с началом самостоятельного правления Людовика XIV эти спектакли стали по-настоящему эффективным инструментом репрезентации монаршей власти. Они способствовали в проведении королем придворной политики, направленной на «одомашнивание» дворянства, и в формировании репрезентативного образа, породившего впоследствии миф о Короле-Солнце. Какие изменения претерпел придворный балет с появлением Людовика XIV на сцене, как балетной, так и политической?
The court ballet as a genre of French musical theater appeared at in the late 16th century. In later years French kings used dancing productions more than once to create their positive social image. But since the adult rule of Louis XIV these performances became effective tool of crown representation. They helped the king carry out the policy of thedomestication of nobles and to form his representative image, which gave rise to the myth of the King-Sun as this nickname. What were the modifications in the court ballet when Louis XIV appeared in the ballet and political scene?
Comunicación no verbal en la educación remota: una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Castillo Gil Cecilia Isabel 
Published: December 2024

La educación, en pandemia, sufrió grandes transformaciones debido al traslado rápido y sin mayor preparación, de una enseñanza presencial a una remota. Se requirieron nuevas formas de comunicación para mantener el interés, la motivación y la participación del estudiante en clase. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar las bases teóricas vinculadas con la comunicación no verbal y la educación remota a partir de una revisión bibliográfica de 60 artículos publicados en bases de datos como Scopus, Scielo, Dialnet, Google Académico, realizados entre los años 2020 y 2022 en el ámbito de la educación superior, de los cuales se seleccionaron 26. Como resultado se encuentran la necesidad de un mayor conocimiento del docente de los diversos aspectos de la comunicación no verbal, a través del ordenador, para evitar comportamientos que se conviertan en barreras para el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Entre las principales conclusiones se establece que la comunicación no verbal ejerce una gran influencia en la recepción del contenido, la participación y el involucramiento del estudiante.
The Effect of Two Different MTA (Mineral Trioxide Aggregate) On Thermal Insulation
Authors: Akkus Gizem , Salmaz Ecem , Ozdas Didem Oner 
Published: December 2024

Background
The heat generated due to polymerization in deep cavities can lead to irreversible damage to the pulp. The aim is to evaluate the effect of two different Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) on the insulation of heat transmitted to the pulp in-vitro.

Methods
This study utilized an apparatus consisting of Teflon molds connected to a digital thermometer with a thermal probe (ENDA-ET4420®-PID-SISEL-TURKEY-ISTANBUL). The temperature difference during the polymerization process (20 and 40 seconds) with light-cured glass ionomer (Fusion-i-Seal®-Prevest-DenPro) was recorded using light-curing devices Elipar (Elipar-S10/3M-ESPE, St.Paul, MN, USA), WoodPecker-LEDB, and WoodPecker-LEDB/Discrete (KejuMed.Prod., Foshan, China) as the control group (non-MTA group). The same procedure was also conducted for MTA Group1 (MTA-FORTE, PyraxPolymers, India) and MTA Group2 (Biofactor MTA, Imicryl, Turkey) by placing them underneath light-cured glass ionomer. The data were analyzed using IBM-SPSS-Statistics-22 software.

Results
There was no significant temperature difference between MTA1-MTA2 groups in the Elipar used groups, and the temperature differences in all groups were above 5.5°C. In MTA1, the temperature difference at 20,40 seconds, and in MTA2, the temperature difference at 20 seconds with the Woodpecker/Discrete light-curing device was significantly higher. In MTA2, the temperature difference at 40 seconds with the Woodpecker light-curing device was significantly higher.

Conclusion
MTA, regardless of the type and usage of the light device used during polymerization in deep cavities, serves as an important insulator to protect the pulp from heat.
Biomarker Panels for Predicting Progression of Kidney Disease in Acute Kidney Injury Survivors
Authors: Menez Steven , Kerr Kathleen F. , Cheng Si , Hu David , Thiessen-Philbrook Heather , Moledina Dennis G. , Mansour Sherry G. , Go Alan S. , Ikizler T. Alp , Kaufman James S. , Kimmel Paul L. , Himmelfarb Jonathan , Coca Steven G. , Parikh Chirag R. 
Published: December 2024

Key Points

Clinical characteristics and biomarkers after hospital discharge can predict major adverse kidney events among AKI survivors.Clinical impact plots based on parsimonious prediction models illustrate the potential to optimize post-AKI care by identifying high-risk patients.

Background
AKI increases the risk of CKD. We aimed to identify combinations of clinical variables and biomarkers that predict long-term kidney disease risk after AKI.

Methods
We analyzed data from a prospective cohort of 723 hospitalized patients with AKI in the Assessment, Serial Evaluation, and Subsequent Sequelae of AKI study. Using machine learning, we investigated 75 candidate predictors including biomarkers measured at 3-month postdischarge follow-up to predict major adverse kidney events (MAKEs) within 3 years, defined as a decline in eGFR ≥40%, development of ESKD, or death.

Results
The mean age of study participants was 64±13 years, 68% were male, and 79% were of White race. Two hundred four patients (28%) developed MAKEs over 3 years of follow-up. Random forest and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator penalized regression models using all 75 predictors yielded area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69 to 0.91) and 0.79 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.90), respectively. The most consistently selected predictors were albuminuria, soluble TNF receptor-1, and diuretic use. A parsimonious model using the top eight predictor variables showed similarly strong discrimination for MAKEs (AUC, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.90). Clinical impact utility analyses demonstrated that the eight-predictor model would have 55% higher efficiency of post-AKI care (number needed to screen/follow-up for a MAKE decreased from 3.55 to 1.97). For a kidney-specific outcome of eGFR decline or ESKD, a four-predictor model showed strong discrimination (AUC, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.96).

Conclusions
Combining clinical data and biomarkers can accurately identify patients with high-risk AKI, enabling personalized post-AKI care and improved outcomes.