bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rhes, a striatal-enriched protein, promotes mitophagy via Nix
Authors: Sharma Manish , Jarquín Uri Nimrod Ramírez , Rivera Oscar , Kazantzis Melissa , Eshraghi Mehdi , Shahani Neelam , Sharma Vishakha , Tapia Ricardo , Subramaniam Srinivasa 
Published: November 2019

SignificanceDamaged mitochondria are eliminated by lysosomes, a process called mitophagy. However, the brain tissue specific roles and mechanisms of mitophagy remain unknown. We report that Rhes, a protein highly enriched in the striatum, eliminates damaged mitochondria via mitophagy, a function that may regulate the optimum number and function of mitochondria in the striatum. However, when mitochondria are irreversibly damaged, as in the presence of 3-NP (an inhibitor of complex II, SDH), Rhes exacerbates mitophagy in association with Nix, a mitophagy receptor and promotes cell death. Intriguingly, Rhes can travel via membranous protrusions from a healthy cell to the neighboring cell and interacts with the damaged mitochondria via Nix. Collectively, Rhes acts as “mitochondrial surveillant,” and excessive mitophagy may account for striatal vulnerability in brain.
Usage Fluctuation Analysis
Authors: McEnery Tony , Brezina Vaclav , Baker Helen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This article introduces a methodology for the diachronic analysis of large historical corpora, Usage Fluctuation
Analysis (UFA). UFA looks at the fluctuation of the usage of a word as observed through collocation. It presupposes neither a
commitment to a specific semantic theory, nor that the results will focus solely on semantics. We focus, rather, upon a word’s
usage. UFA considers large amounts of evidence about usage, through time, as made available by historical corpora, displaying
fluctuation in word usage in the form of a graph. The paper provides guidelines for the interpretation of UFA graphs and provides
three short case studies applying the technique to (i) the analysis of the word its and (ii) two words related to
social actors, whore and harlot. These case studies relate UFA to prior, labour intensive, corpus and historical
analyses. They also highlight the novel observations that the technique affords.
Toxocara
and its species.
Authors: Ziegler M. A. , Macpherson C. N. L. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

This systematic review focuses on the nematode genus
Toxocara
and its zoonotic and non-zoonotic species and provides an update to that published by Warren almost half a century ago. Currently, 26 species of
Toxocara
have been described morphologically and four differentiated by molecular techniques. The most frequently reported and wide spread zoonotic species is
Toxocara canis
. Zoonotic infection with
T. cati
remains controversial and only a few infections, mostly in children with ocular larval migrans (OLM), have been reported. To date, none have been confirmed using molecular techniques. Only a single-suspected case of human infection with
T. pteropodis
has been reported and this species has yet to be confirmed as zoonotic. Of the non-zoonotic species
T. vitulorum
is of major economic importance and there are 13 minor species:
T. alienata
,
T. apodemi
,
T. genettae
,
T. indica
,
T. leonine
,
T. mackerrasae
,
T. malaysiensis
,
T. paradoxura
,
T. pearsei
,
T. sprenti
,
T. surkattae
,
T. tanuki
and
T. vajrasthirae
. Nine species have been reported only once:
T. canarisi
,
T. cynonycteridis
,
T. elephantis
,
T. herpestum
,
T. hippopotami
,
T. lyncis
,
T. manzadiensis
,
T. vincenti
and
T. warreni
. Toxocara occurs in many definitive host species: canids, felids, civets, mongoose, cattle, raccoons, bats and rodents. In humans,
T. canis
infections can result in four distinct syndromes: visceral larval migrans, OLM, neuro-toxocariasis and covert toxocariasis. Serological tests supplemented by molecular and imaging techniques provide the basis of diagnosis and may also add to the longitudinal monitoring of treatment. Seroprevalence in humans in developed countries ranges from 3 to 22% and in developing countries from 10 to 92%. Vertical transmission of the parasite in definitive hosts facilitates the earliest potential production of eggs from young animals and provides challenging yet important control opportunities. Climate change and increasing human and companion animal populations have facilitated an expansion in the geographical range of this zoonosis. Behavioural changes coupled with increased urbanization enhance potential transmission, as people and dogs become increasingly crowded together facilitating opportunities for
T. canis
transmission, and a greater understanding of these factors should be examined to facilitate appropriate and cost-effective control programmes. Anthelminthic used in the elimination of adult parasites from dog or cat intestines can provide an effective control with toxocariasis. Control measures using a one health approach coordinating the expertise of physicians, veterinarians, public health workers, dog owners and aided by legislation facilitates a best practice approach to control.
Polarization dependent multiphoton absorption in ZnO thin films
Authors: Hollinger Richard , Gupta Dishiti , Zapf Maximilian , Karst Maximilian , Röder Robert , Uschmann Ingo , Reislöhner Udo , Kartashov Daniil , Ronning Carsten , Spielmann Christian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We present a simple non-destructive approach for studying the polarization dependence of nonlinear absorption processes in semiconductors. The method is based on measuring the yield of the near UV photoluminescence as a function of polarization and intensity of femtosecond laser pulses. In particular, we investigated the polarization dependence of three photon laser absorption in intrinsic and Al-doped ZnO thin films. Both specimen show stronger emission for linearly polarized excitation compared to circular polarization. The ratios for the three-photon absorption coefficients are about 1.8 and independent of the doping. It is shown that Al-doped films have lower threshold for stimulated emission in comparison to the intrinsic films.
Brownian motion and beyond: first-passage, power spectrum, non-Gaussianity, and anomalous diffusion
Authors: Metzler Ralf 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Brownian motion is a ubiquitous physical phenomenon across the sciences. After its discovery by Brown and intensive study since the first half of the 20th century, many different aspects of Brownian motion and stochastic processes in general have been addressed in Statistical Physics. In particular, there now exists a very large range of applications of stochastic processes in various disciplines. Here we provide a summary of some of the recent developments in the field of stochastic processes, highlighting both the experimental findings and theoretical frameworks.
Retraction: Evaluation of Antifouling Coating performance With Commercial and Lemon Natural Biocide on Composite Fiberglass Surface (IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 291 012015)
Authors: Asmalina Mohamed Saat  , Muhammad Irfan Sabri  , Hanisah Johor  , Fatin Zawani Zainal Azaim  , Mohd Iqbal Lokman  
Published: November 2019

This paper was retracted by IOP Publishing on 01 November 2019. This paper has been retracted as it does not meet the terms of the IOP Proceedings Licence.Retraction published: 01 November 2019
Ecological and geochemical impact of an underground colliery waste discharge to a river
Authors: Morrison K G , Reynolds J K , Belmer N , Wright I A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study investigated the impact of mine wastewater disposal to a nearby river (the Bargo River). Mean electrical conductivity (EC) increased in surface waters below the mine discharge, rising more than six times from (219.5 μS/cm) upstream to 1551 μS/cm below the waste inflow. River pH increased from 7.12 (upstream) to 8.67 (downstream). The mine discharge strongly modified the ionic composition of the river. The mean concentration of several metals in the river were increased due to the mine wastewater. Nickel increased from 1.0 μg/L (upstream) to 32 μg/L (downstream). Zinc increased from 3.5 μg/L (upstream) to 23.5 μg/L (downstream). Our study also assessed the biological uptake of pollutants by growing weeping willow (Salix babylonica) cuttings in mine wastewater and contrasting to ‘control’ cuttings grown in river water from upstream of the mine. After growing in the laboratory for several weeks, the cuttings accumulated metals, dominated by barium, strontium and lithium. Results from the study constituted one of the most detailed geochemical and ecological studies investigating the impact of the coal mine waste discharge to an Australian river. Recommendations are suggested for improved regulation of the mine discharge to reduce its wastewater environmental impact.
Geochemical impact of urban development on fragile freshwater wetlands
Authors: Carroll R , Reynolds J K , Wright I A 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUrbanization is associated with increased cover of impervious surfaces, which poses significant challenges to freshwater ecosystems globally. Implications of catchment urbanization include altered natural hydrology, erosion, weed invasions and modified water chemistry. Blue Mountains Upland Swamps are sensitive freshwater ecosystems located in the Blue Mountains region in south-eastern Australia. They have high conservation value as they are located within a World Heritage Area, are a listed ‘endangered ecological community’ in Australia and contain endemic and endangered flora and fauna. Water chemistry was assessed in four naturally vegetated and four urban swamps. Urban swamps had higher impervious cover and modified water chemistry, with elevated pH, electrical conductivity and major ions compared to non-urban swamps. Water in urban swamps had elevated calcium, potassium and bicarbonate compared to non-urban catchments, by 19.8, 5.2 and 10.3 times respectively. Although further research is needed, we hypothesize that common concrete materials, particularly drainage infrastructure, strongly influenced differences between urban and nonurban catchments. This adds to growing international research highlighting the potential role of concrete in modifying urban water chemistry due to gradual dissolution and mobilization of ions. In an increasingly urban world, consideration of the ecological consequences of urbanization is required to guide future management approaches.
Greywater reuse in the water-scarce Gulf Region
Authors: Paleologos E K , Elhakeem M , El Amrousi M , Canal-Forgues E , Saba M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Treated wastewater has emerged in many countries as a component of the water stream and a way to supplement, primarily, landscape and agricultural irrigation. Several European and Asian states have, in addition, promoted the use of greywater in the interior of buildings. Regulations for greywater reuse are, by and large, not in place and quality standards for different types of application are in evolution. At the same time constructed wetlands as stand-alone or as part of the wastewater treatment system have shown promise as a way to improve wastewater effluent, while upgrading ecosystem and aesthetic aspects of a site. Gulf countries, such as the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are faced with natural water scarcity, exorbitant water demands, beyond their renewable resources and desalination capacities, overloaded wastewater treatment systems that have resulted in releases of untreated wastewater in the marine environment, and increasing populations and expanded economic activities that would further accentuate existing water problems. The current article discusses these issues and, given the public reluctance in the UAE to accept interior greywater reuse, it focuses on the applicability of constructed wetlands in the Gulf region and their potential to enhance irrigation streams and landscape appeal.
Optimization of ultrasound irradiation for palm oil mill effluent
Authors: Wong L P , Isa M H , Bashir M J K , Guo X X 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of ultrasound irradiation on palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment. The experiment was statistically designed by response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) to evaluate individual and interactive effects of operational independent variables including ultrasonication amplitude, ultrasonication time and total solids concentration. The treatment performance was assessed by three dependent variables, viz., particle size reduction, total suspended solid reduction and organic solubilisation improvement. Experimental results showed that ultrasonication irradiation has positive effect on POME treatment. The optimum operation condition suggested by RSM were ultrasonication amplitude of 50%, ultrasonication duration of 18.94 mins and total solids concentration of 6.47% with expected organic disintegration results as 47.7% particle size reduction, 18.9% of solid reduction and 31.5% of solubilisation improvement.
The painted river project: Art meets science – communicating cultural transformation through community engagement
Authors: Robba L , Wright I A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Painted River Project intuitive sees art and water science join forces to engage directly with community by painting a new future for our river systems. The project was designed to communicate the need for cultural transformation towards a real understanding of the role water and our river systems play in underpinning human health and wellbeing, including our connection to the natural world and the health of the planet. The key aim of the (PRP) is to actively engage the community, through site-specific participatory art-making, science and water testing and through this to explore our shared connection to water and place, through creative and scientific interaction. The human-centred nature of art provides the ‘cultural window’ through which to view scientific knowledge by advancing tangible ways to view complex problems and as a ‘call to action’ to help inform innovative approaches. In August 2017, the first instalment of the (PRP) was held at the Duck River, Auburn, in Western Sydney as part of RiverFest, an initiative of the Parramatta River Catchment Group (PRCG). At the event, the community were provided with paint, canvases, easels and facilitators who helped guide the artistic process and the production of paintings that expressed ‘their future vision of an unpolluted river’. As a result, 128 different artworks were produced by a hugely diverse range of community members.
‘Swimmability’: A key element for communities to safely engage with Australian urban rivers
Authors: Rowlands T , Ryan M M , Estreich A , Wright I A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Australia’s largest cities are growing, and this is placing increasing pressure on urban waterways. There is a growing awareness that the quality of life in Australian urban communities is enhanced through the engagement of people with healthy urban rivers. Swimming, boating, and fishing in many Australian urban waterways are popular recreational activities. Swimming and other activities associated with waterways contributes to quality of life in urban communities. Swimming in urban rivers can be risky. Hazards include dangerous currents, aquatic plants, submerged hazards, algal blooms, and unsuitable water quality. In Sydney, Australia’s largest City, swimming is popular in the Hawkesbury-Nepean River. Data from showed that E. coli levels in the river occasionally exceeded safe recreational guidelines for human health. The results are not reported to the public. We believe that it is more important than ever that government, industry and scientific bodies work to protect and improve the water quality of Australian urban rivers as our cities grow. Sharing this information with the community needs to consider education programs, public forums, and timely communication of the current state of local Australian urban rivers regarding their ‘swimmability’.
Characterizations of flow over stepped spillways with steps having transverse slopes
Authors: Ali A S , Yousif O S Q 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The top and downstream face of the embankment dams must be protected from overtopping damages happen due to extreme floods. This can be achieved by providing one of the overtopping protection systems. The most common overtopping protection systems are those which have stepped fashion. This type of protection systems consists of a series of continues steps mostly made of concrete. In this study, the effects of the transverse slope of steps on flow properties over the overtopping protection systems were explored experimentally. Steps with transverse slopes are those which have inclinations from one spillway wall towards the other spillway wall in a zigzag way. To achieve the goals of the study, three physical models, stepped spillways, were made of wood and tested in a prismatic flume. The width, depth, and length of the wooden models were 0.6 m, 0.96 m and 1.92 m respectively. Sixteen steps (with three different transverse slopes ranging from zero to 5.7°) were cut into the surface of the models from the crest to the toe. The models were then tested under various flow rates ranging from 0.003 to 0.05 m3/s. The results showed that the models with steps having transverse slope had higher energy dissipation capability compared to the model with steps having zero transverse slopes (flat steps); up to 14% higher. In addition, for the models with steps having the transverse slope, the onset of the skimming flow occurred at higher ratios of critical depth (yc) to step height (h); greater than 1.37. However, the distances of the inception points from the first step brink (inception point locations) were reduced by half, on average, for the model with steps having a transverse slope of 5.7°.
Reactor design optimization on the electrocoagulation treatment of sugarcane molasses-based distillery wastewater
Authors: Cruz K D , Mateo N M , Tangara N P , Almendrala M C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Electrode geometry and configuration were optimized for the electrocoagulation treatment of sugarcane molasses – based distillery wastewater. Four different reactors, — bipolar plates (BP), monopolar plates (MP), bipolar rods (BR), and monopolar rods (MR) — were constructed and compared based on their ability to reduce the following wastewater parameters.: Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), turbidity, and oil and grease. Other electrocoagulation parameters such as current supplied, applied voltage, aspect ratio, and specific electrode area were held constant. The BP reactor yielded the highest reduction percentage among the parameters: COD = 43%, BOD = 49%, TSS = 47%, turbidity = 54%, and oil and grease = 79. Moreover, the BP reactor gave the least metal consumption at 0.47 kg/m3 after 1.5 hours of treatment, thus making it the best reactor design among the four reactors considered.
Causality of environmental concerns, attachment to place, risk perception, and preventive behaviors in environmentally sensitive areas of Taipei, Taiwan
Authors: Lee Y-J 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Taiwan is frequently threatened by the environmental, social and economic pressures brought about by climate change. Due to distinct synthesized vulnerabilities, coupled with the impact of the ecological footprint, cities in Taiwan obtain different environmentally sensitive areas. This investigation adopts the Structure Equation Model (SEM) to compare the causality of residents’ environmental attitudes, attachment to place, risk perception, and preventive behaviors in an environmentally sensitive district (Wanhua District) and an environmentally insensitive district (Zhongshan District) of Taipei. Questionnaires, from a stratified random sampling survey, covering these four scopes were carried out in Taipei and 600 successful questionnaires were gathered. It is found out that residents in these two districts do not concern much with the history of disasters in their districts and are unable to gain knowledge regarding how to deal with the challenges of future disasters. Furthermore, attachment to place has no obvious impacts on environmental concerns, risk perception and preventive behaviors of residents in the two environmental risk areas of Taipei.
Spatial and source disparities of groundwater quality in Dawakin-Tofa local government area of Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Abdulazeez A , Adamu A U 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The research assessed the spatial and source variations in groundwater quality in different locations and wells respectively across Dawakin-Tofa Local Government Area. The study area was divided into 10 by imposing a grid on its map and thereafter 10 hand dug wells and boreholes were selected, one from each location. Physical and chemical parameters like temperature, pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and heavy metals were tested in the laboratory and figures statistically compared with Nigeria’s national standard using ANOVA. The most notable difference in quality parameters between open wells and boreholes is in TDSs, electrical conductivity and chlorine content. The differences recorded in the other quality parameters ranged from between 0.0026 mg/l (in the case of lead) to 0.7°C (in the case of Temperature). This showed that the physio-chemical properties of open wells and boreholes are not much significantly different in the areas. The mean difference of TDSs between wells and boreholes in Dawakin-Tofa LGA is 35.721 mg/l, meaning that well waters are generally more turbid than that of boreholes which was not unexpected because of structural differences and modes of operation. While some quality parameters in Dawakin Tofa like TDSs, Electrical Conductivity, Temperature, Chlorine and Manganese content generally recorded non-harmful values as compared to the drinking standard; others like lead, chromium, cadmium recorded harmful values. Only Jalli (with above 300) and Tattarawa (with above 400) mg/l recorded TDS levels close to the maximum accepted limit of 500. This study further confirms the increased danger and risk of contaminated groundwater among consumer’s not only urban areas, but also in rural areas as well. Though, the levels of some elements like Sodium, Chlorine, Manganese and Magnesium in groundwater of Dawakin-Tofa LGA are currently within the National Acceptable limits, but the concentration of heavy metals clearly shows there is serious risk. Continuous monitoring, control and necessary policy decisions were recommended.
Dynamic model for the management of water resource and water aptitude for irrigation of the Togllahuayco gorge in the Guangopolo micro-basin
Authors: Carrera-Villacrés D V , Quinteros-Carabalí J A , Gómez A J , Solano E M , Llumiquinga G E , Burgos C A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Water management is one of the fundamental principles for comprehensive management and water security and is affected in various ways by the degradation of watersheds, mainly the agriculture sector due to the reduction of water resources and soil erosion. The objective of this research was to implement a dynamic model for the water management of the Quebrada de Togllahuayco as a modeling and dynamic prediction tool and thus determine the quantity of water available for a sustainable quinoa crop and the adaptation to future conditions. This work involves the use of dynamic modeling applied to water supply for irrigation with a general model and the application for the ancestral population of La Toglla. A trend model with incidence of climate change and a current one under the initial variables is proposed. The Vensim 7.3.4 free software was used, determining a positive water balance to satisfy the needs of water, both to preserve the ecological flow and to use water for irrigation, since approximately 10,500 m3 is needed for cultivation, which is favorable for the use of water.