bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a 3D bio-printer using CoreXY mechanism and syringe-based extrusion
Authors: Soon Chin Fhong , Ramilan Mohammad Faez , Hanafi Dirman , Wan Zakaria Wan Nurshazwani , Mohd Khialdin Safinaz , Isa Hazlita , Tee Kian Sek 
Published: February 2020

3D Bio-printer is said to have potential in the applications of medical studies and tissue engineering. A 3D Bio-printer could be used to print the artificial organs for organs transplant and cell tissue culture for generating new cell tissue. It could help in future medical and biological research. This paper presents the development process, i.e. working principle of Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), mechanical, electrical and related applied software, of a 3D Bio-printer using syringe-based extruder and Core XY mechanism. Up to date, FDM is a popular technique because it is easily implemented, precise and accurate. The printed product revealed high repeativity, where (sample mean, sample standard deviation) is ( mm. The procedure could help future customized 3D Bio-printer. <br /><!--[if gte msEquation 12]><m:oMath><i
style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Cambria Math",serif;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family:
"Times New Roman";mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;
mso-bidi-language:AR-SA'><m:r>0.72, 0.2455)</m:r></span></i></m:oMath><![endif]--><!--[if !msEquation]--><!--[endif]-->
Optimization of 16 nm DG-FinFET using L25 orthogonal array of taguchi statistical method
Authors: Roslan Ameer F. , Salehuddin F. , Zain A.S.M. , Kaharudin K.E. , Ahmad I. 
Published: February 2020

<span>The impact of the optimization using Taguchi statistical method towards the electrical properties of a 16 nm double-gate FinFET (DG-FinFET) is investigated and analyzed. The inclusion of drive current (I<sub>ON</sub>), leakage current (I<sub>OFF</sub>), and threshold voltage (V<sub>TH</sub>) as part of electrical properties presented in this paper will be determined by the amendment of six process parameters that comprises the polysilicon doping dose, polysilicon doping tilt, Source/Drain doping dose, Source/Drain doping tilt, V<sub>TH</sub> doping dose, V<sub>TH</sub> doping tilt, alongside the consideration of noise factor in gate oxidation temperature and polysilicon oxidation temperature. Silvaco TCAD software is utilized in this experiment with the employment of both ATHENA and ATLAS module to perform the respective device simulation and the electrical characterization of the device. The output responses obtained from the design is then succeeded by the implementation of Taguchi statistical method to facilitate the process parameter optimization as well as its design. The effectiveness of the process parameter is opted through the factor effect percentage on Signal-to-noise ratio with considerations towards I<sub>ON</sub> and I<sub>OFF</sub>. The most dominant factor procured is the polysilicon doping tilt. The I<sub>ON</sub> and I<sub>OFF</sub> obtained after the optimization are 1726.88 μA/μm and 503.41 pA/μm for which has met the predictions of International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) 2013. </span>
Fire alert system through text messages, with arduino mega technology and GSM SIM 900 module
Authors: Chamorro Atalaya Omar , Arce Santillan Dora 
Published: February 2020

<span>The purpose of this article is to develop a fire alert system, to implement under the use of Arduino Mega technology and GSM module SIM 900 (GSM: Global System for mobile communications, SIM: Minimum System), with which through The programming and interconnection between these components can be obtained by capturing data through MQ2 sensors installed in the Industrial Automation Laboratory of the National Technological University of South Lima, and then send a fire alert signal through text messages to a mobile equipment located outside the laboratory; at a distance of 1000 meters; The relevance of this research is that its optimal response, detects the application of this system to the industrial park of Villa El Salvador, which has multiple warehouses, which a newspaper is affected by fire hazards, by the amount of flammable material They owned. Developing the investigation will determine the existence of a correlation factor of 0.973, between the reception time of the alert signal, with respect to the distance in the MQ2 sensor to detect the smoke; This factor tells us to state that the correlation is significant between both variables; with a ratio percentage equal to 98.90%, which was selected by the determination factor R<sup>2</sup>. </span>
Prototype development of smart parking system powered by solar photovoltaic
Authors: Nasir M.Z.M. , Salimin S. , Chan B. , Jumaat S.A. 
Published: February 2020

<span>This paper proposed the prototype of smart car parking powered by photovoltaic. There is probability that cars will hit the wall or car out from the parking lot. The main objectives of this research are to determine the power rating and sizing of PV panel suitable for smart car parking system and design an ultrasonic parking sensor circuit to alert any obstacle while parking and development the prototype of smart car parking using PV. Smart car parking consists of distance sensors, LED, Arduino UNO potentiometer, resistors, and Node MCU. Where, Arduino UNO as a microcontroller was coding to receive the signal from the sensor and transmit signal to LED to display the car distance condition. To measure the distance between sensor positions to a car, HC-SR04 ultrasonic distance sensor is used. Whenever a car come near to the sensor within range specified, the red, yellow or green LED will light up and send the condition happening to the smartphone application. The application build-up can display the real situation and the PV system can supply enough electricity to the smart car parking. </span>
Automated monitoring and controlling pH levels for hydroponics cultivation technique
Authors: Saaid Mohammad Farid , Mohd Yassin Ahmad Ihsan , Md Tahir Nooritawati 
Published: February 2020

<span>A hydroponics plant can grow healthily with sufficient nutrient, temperature, light, humidity as well as pH level that is indeed vital in ensuring the plants will absorb maximum nutrient elements required. This paper presents automated monitoring and controlling pH levels for the hydroponic cultivation technique. In this study, automated monitoring and controlling of pH levels are developed specifically for the hydroponic cultivation technique. There are three main methods that involved in the development of the system namely hardware, programming and functionality test. Firstly, users need to set the maximum and minimum pH levels as required by the plant. Then, the pH sensor will monitor the real-time pH level of the water. A syringe pump that contains a pH up solution (alkaline) and a pH down solution (acid) will drip the solutions to neutralize the water content if the water pH level is not within the stated ranges as set by the user. Results showed that the automated monitoring and controlling pH levels were successfully developed and functionality was tested and confirmed as desired. The syringe pumps responded perfectly upon changes of the water pH value based on the validation done that showed 100% accuracy of the syringe pump responds. </span>
Parkinson disease classification: a comparative analysis on classification techniques
Authors: Nawi Nazri Mohd , Makhtar Mokhairi , Afip Zehan Afizah , Salikon Mohd Zaki 
Published: February 2020

Parkinson’s disease (PD) among Alzheimer’s and epilepsy are one of the most common neurological disorders which appreciably affect not only live of patients but also their households. According to the current trend of aging social behaviour, it is expected to see a rise of Parkinson’s disease. Even though there is no cure for PD, a proper medication at the early stage can help significantly in alleviating the symptoms. Since, the traditional method for identifying PD is rather invasive, expansive and complicated for self-use, there is a high demand for using classification method on PD detection. This paper compares the performance of Neural Network and decision tree for classifying and discriminating healthy people for people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) by distinguishing dysphonia. The simulation results demonstrate that Neural Network outperformed decision tree by giving accurate results with 87% accuracy as compared to decision tree with only 84% accuracy in determining the classification of healthy and people with Parkinson’s.
Fitting statistical distribution of extreme rainfall data for the purpose of simulation
Authors: Shaharudin S.M. , Ahmad N , Mohamed N.S. , Mahdin Hairulnizam 
Published: February 2020

<span>In this study, several types of probability distributions were used to fit the daily torrential rainfall data from 15 monitoring stations of Peninsular Malaysia from the period of 1975 to 2007. The study of fitting statistical distribution is important to find the most suitable model that could anticipate extreme events of certain natural phenomena such as flood and tsunamis. The aim of the study is to determine which distribution fits well with the daily torrential Malaysian rainfall data. Generalized Pareto, Lognormal and Gamma distributions were the distributions that had been tested to fit the daily torrential rainfall amount in Peninsular Malaysia. First, the appropriate distribution of the daily torrential rainfall was identified within the selected distributions for rainfall stations. Then, data sets were generated based on probability distributions that mimic a daily torrential rainfall data. Graphical representation and goodness of fit tests were used in finding the best fit model. The Generalized Pareto was found to be the most appropriate distribution in describing the daily torrential rainfall amounts of Peninsular Malaysia. The outputs can be beneficial for the purpose of generating several sets of simulated data matrices that mimic the same characteristics of rainfall data in order to assess the performance of the modification method compared to classical method. </span>
Design of dual-mode SIR bandpass filter based on shorting pin for wireless communication applications
Authors: Namiq Jenan Ayad , Jalil Mustafa A. 
Published: February 2020

<p id="docs-internal-guid-6a9909c3-7fff-4ac4-3e3a-a2f823e1246f" dir="ltr"><span>A new design of microstrip dual mode band-pass-filter (BPF) by using stepped impedance resonator (SIR) based on shorting pin is proposed. The designed structure use two U-shaped tri-sections SIR resonators coupled to each other and a two coupled line feeding ports each of 50 ohm impedance. Shorting pins are used to excite the upper frequency passband in the re sponse of the filter due to current distribution perturbation at the locations of the shorting pins. For demonstration, WLAN (5.2-5.7 GHz) and GSM (1.85-1.99 GHz) and Advanced Wireless Services (AWS) (1.71-1.755 GHz). The return losses are -32.469 dB and -26.18 dB respectively at the operating frequencies of the filter. The results of insertion losses of the filter is 0.37 and 0.24 dB during the operating bands and more than 25 dB which consider a good out-of- band rejection. </span></p>
Faulty sensor detection using multi-variate sensors in internet of things (IoTs)
Authors: Omar Khaldoon Ammar , Malik Ahmed Dhahir , Jamil Ansar , Gheni Hasan Muwafeq 
Published: February 2020

IoT devices are lightweight and have limited computational capabilities often exposed to harsh environments, which can cause failure on the IoT devices [1, 2]. The failure on the IoT devices is also caused due to limited battery life, hardware failure or human mistakes. Sensor faults can be categorized under one type of hardware failure, such as sensor burn, reduced sensor sensitivity and malfunctioned sensors. Any faulty on the IoT devices can cause a problem on the overall operation of the IoT system. Traditional ways in the management of IoT devices is a maintenance officer require to check each device every day [1, 3]. Any faulty devices found needs to be fixed or replaced. This traditional method is not practical and very challenging especially in the management of a large scale deployment of IoT consist of hundreds or thousands devices. Because of this, we proposed a faulty sensor detection and identification mechanism using multivariate sensors. Two methods of decision making are introduced in detecting faulty sensors, which are logical and correlation method that implemented in smart parking system and smart agriculture system accordingly. The logical method compares state of all sensors (ultrasound, IR and hall-effect) in the smart parking system either a parking lot is occupied or available, and then determine the condition of the sensors. The drawback of this method is not able to detect faulty sensor properly for a constant fault, which the sensor reading remains the same value. The correlation method calculates the correlation between all sensors (soil moisture, soil temperature and soil water) in the smart agriculture system. This method uses a moving window technique to calculate the correlation for all sensor over time. Any incomparable and uncorrelated sensor readings means a presence of faulty sensors. Based on the experiment results, the findings shows that the proposed faulty sensor detection mechanism is working properly in detecting faulty sensor in a timely manner.
A new hyhbrid coefficient of conjugate gradient method
Authors: Mohamed Nur Syarafina , Mamat Mustafa , Rivaie Mohd , Shaharudin Shazlyn Milleana 
Published: February 2020

<p><span>Hybridization is one of the popular approaches in modifying the conjugate gradient method. In this paper, a new hybrid conjugate gradient is suggested and analyzed in which the parameter <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1025"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1640083713">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]-->is evaluated as a convex combination of <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OLEObject Type="Embed" ProgID="Equation.3" ShapeID="_x0000_i1026"
DrawAspect="Content" ObjectID="_1640083714">
</o:OLEObject>
</xml><![endif]--> while using exact line search. The proposed method is shown to possess both sufficient descent and global convergence properties. Numerical performances show that the proposed method is promising and has overpowered other hybrid conjugate gradient methods in its number of iterations and central processing unit per time. </span></p>
Automatic gray images colorization based on lab color space
Authors: Abbadi Nidhal K. El , Razaq Eman Saleem 
Published: February 2020

<p>The colorization aim to transform a black and white image to a color image. This is a very hard issue and usually requiring manual intervention by the user to produce high-quality images free of artifact. The public problem of inserting gradients color to a gray image has no accurate method. The proposed method is fully automatic method. We suggested to use reference color image to help transfer colors from reference image to gray image. The reference image converted to Lab color space, while the gray scale image normalized according to the lightness channel L. the gray image concatenate with both a, and b channels before converting to RGB image. The results were promised compared with other methods.</p>
Internet of things: security requirements, attacks and counter measures
Authors: Imdad Maria , Jacob Deden Witarsyah , Mahdin Hairulnizam , Baharum Zirawani , Shaharudin Shazlyn Milleana , Azmi Mohd Sanusi 
Published: February 2020

Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of connected and communicating nodes. Recent developments in IoT have led to advancements like smart home, industrial IoT and smart healthcare etc. This smart life did bring security challenges along with numerous benefits. Monitoring and control in IoT is done using smart phone and web browsers easily. There are different attacks being launched on IoT layers on daily basis and to ensure system security there are seven basic security requirements which must be met. Here we have used these requirements for classification and subdivided them on the basis of attacks, followed by degree of their severity, affected system components and respective countermeasures. This work will not only give guidelines regarding detection and removal of attacks but will also highlight the impact of these attacks on system, which will be a decision point to safeguard system from high impact attacks on priority basis.
ORD-GAP: a hybrid-based labeling schemes to support XML dynamic updates
Authors: Amin Aisyah , Haw Su-Cheng , Subramaniam Samini 
Published: February 2020

<span>eXtensible Markup Language (XML) has been widely used as the standard for data exchange standard over the Internet. With the fast growing rate of data, especially with high updates, it is crucial to ensure that the XML is able to cope with frequent changes with very least effect on the existing structure. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate on the existing labeling schemes and mapping approaches to gauge a better understanding in terms of the robustness of the labeling schemes and the importance of the mapping schemes. Next, we propose ORD-GAP labeling schemes to identify the structural relationship among XML nodes and yet, it is persistent to re-labeling when new nodes are inserted. Subsequently, a mapping scheme is proposed to transform XML into Relational Database (RDB). Preliminary experimental evaluation demonstrated that the proposed approach achieve 66% better as compared to ORDPATH, and 56% better as compared to ME labeling in terms of data loading time. </span>
New deterministic initialization method for soft computing global optimization algorithms
Authors: Hashim Norazlan , Salam Zainal , Nik Ismail Nik Fasdi , Johari Dalina 
Published: February 2020

<span>The initialization stage12 of a Soft Computing (SC) algorithm is vital as it affects the success rate of algorithms in solving multi-peak global optimization problems. The individuals in an initial population, which are known as search agents, are often generated randomly using pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) due to unavailability of prior information on the location of global peak (GP). The random nature of the generated search agents causes uneven distribution of the initial population over the search space (SS), which may lead the search towards unpromising regions from the very beginning. This paper proposes a new deterministic initialization method (DIM) for SC algorithms where search agents are evenly fixed in the SS by using a simple deterministic formulation. The performance of the proposed DIM is then compared to the conventional PRNG and more recent quasi-random number generator (QRNG). An optimization case study is carried out using two popular SC algorithms which are the Particle Swarm Algorithm (PSO) and the Evolutionary Programming (EP), and three relatively new SC algorithms which are the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), the Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO), and the Butterfly Optimization Algorithm (BOA). The optimization is done on various one-dimensional (1D) benchmark functions, as well as practical problems such as partial shading condition (PSC). Simulation results show that the proposed DIM successfully improved the performance of each SC algorithm under study in solving almost all tested functions with 99% success rate compared to 88.7% and 80.2% for the QRNG and PRNG approaches respectively. Furthermore, the WOA is the most reliable and robust among the five SC techniques under study with a success </span>
An IoT based SMART patient health monitoring system
Authors: Srinivasan C.R , Charan Guru , Sai Babu P Chenchu 
Published: February 2020

<span>Smart and connected health care is of specific significance in the spectrum of applications enabled the Internet of Things (IoT). Networked sensors, either embedded inside our living system or worn on the body, enable to gather rich information regarding our physical and mental health. In specific, the accessibility of information at previously unimagined scales and spatial longitudes combined with the new generation of smart processing algorithms can expedite an advancement in the medical field, from the current post-facto diagnosis and treatment of reactive framework, to an early-stage proactive paradigm for disease prognosis combined with prevention and cure as well as overall administration of well-being rather than ailment. This paper sheds some light on the current methods accessible in the Internet of Things (IoT) domain for healthcare applications. The proposed objective is to design and create a healthcare system centered on Mobile-IoT by collecting patient information from different sensors and alerting both the guardian and the doctor by sending emails and SMS in a timely manner. It remotely monitors the physiological parameters of the patient and diagnoses the illnesses swiftly. </span>
On cause and correlation in language change
Authors: Rosemeyer Malte , Van de Velde Freek 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Studies of language change frequently wrestle with the problem of cause and correlation. It is comparatively simple to observe a correlation between historical trends. However, it is much more difficult to demonstrate that the changes in the frequency of a construction A were indeed the cause of the changes in the frequency of a construction B. We present a statistical method that can help to assess whether two historical changes are not only correlated, but also causally related. In particular, we use Granger Causality to determine whether the gradual replacement of ex-situ wh-interrogatives with clefted wh-interrogatives in 18th to 20th century Brazilian Portuguese resulted from word order change, and particularly the rise in the frequency of SV word order. Our results indeed suggest that SV word order Granger-causes the use of clefted wh-interrogatives, as well as declarative ‘that’-clefts, but not the other way around.
The Grounds of Institutional Moral Theory: On the Political Philosophy of Allen Buchanan
Authors: Forst Rainer 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this paper, I discuss the conception of “institutional moral theory” that Allen Buchanan lays out in his work. I argue that it moves within a trilemma of grounding. The trilemma arises because the three routes to grounding we find in Buchanan’s works – the anthropological route appealing to human nature, the liberal route appealing to liberal values and the institutionalist route appealing to practice-immanent values – are mutually exclusive. But more than that, each horn of the trilemma encounters counterarguments from within Buchanan’s own thought, not only from the perspective of the other horns. Finally, I suggest a fourth alternative that refers to a notion of “justificatory responsibility” that Buchanan also suggests.