bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Waterpipe Use Prevalence Rate in Turkey: A Meta-analysis Study
Authors: Aydoğan S , Aygar H , Önsüz M F , Metintas S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The aim of the study was to perform a meta-analysis of studies about the waterpipe use prevalence in Turkey.

Methods
PubMed, Web of Science, Turkey Citation Index, TR Index and the Cochrane Library databases were screened both in Turkish and English languages to identify relevant studies by using keywords ’waterpipe use’, ’prevalence’ and ’Turkey’. Inclusion criteria; original and cross-sectional design, studies that done during and after the year 2010, studies that given the number of participants and number of people using waterpipe and studies that done in Turkey. Open Meta Analyst demo program was used to calculate the prevalence rate of the study groups. Since the articles were p &lt; 0.001 in the heterogeneity test, prevalence rate and 95% confidence intervals were calculated from the number of cases using the random effects model in group analysis.

Results
As a result of first literature review 26 articles were reached. Duplications were eliminated and summaries of the remaining articles were read as double-blind. Ten studies were included in the study that were suitable for inclusion criteria and quality evaluation. Seven of the studies were conducted only in university students, while 3 were community-based. As a result of the analysis, 2399 of 8845 university students used waterpipe (31.0%; 95% CI: 27.3-34.7), while 356 of the 33,129 individuals used waterpipe (1.2%; 95% CI: 0.04-2.0) in community-based studies.

Conclusions
As a result of the comprehensive literature research, it was found that the studies on waterpipe use were less in literature and prevalence was higher than expected in university students.

Key messages
In university students, the use of waterpipe was more common than the community, and intervention studies about the use of waterpipe were needed. Waterpipe use and surveillance studies in the communities are important for taking preventive measures and monitoring health outcomes.
Geographic disparities in bladder cancer incidence among women in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône
Authors: Mantey K , Cortaredona S , Martin T , Daniel L , Clément C , Karsenty G , Pascal L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

While the incidence of bladder cancer begins to decline in men it increases in women related to tobacco smoking. The study aimed to describe bladder cancer among women in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône and assess their spatial distribution in order to detect potential spatial clusters. Cancer incidence data were obtained from the departmental observatory of cancers REVELA13. The characteristics of the cases registered were compared to those describe at the national level. Age-standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for each commune and bayesian smoothed risk estimate based on the Besag, York and Mollie model were computed for incidence mapping. The spatial scan statistic (SaTScan) was used to investigate local cluster. Spatial analyses were adjusted on various confounding factors as a French deprivation index, access to health-care services and population density.
During the period 2013-2016, 395 cases of bladder cancers were diagnosed in women. Departmental incidence was significantly higher (3.3 cases per 100.000 inhabitants) than the national incidence (2.3). Compared to men, bladder cancers among women were diagnosed at a more advanced stage of the disease (p &lt; 0.01). SIRs geographical variations were related to access of care but none of the communes showed any significant excess of cases. However, one significant cluster including nine districts of the biggest city (Marseille) and one neighbouring commune (RR = 1.76) was detected in the south east of the department.
Spatial studies of bladder cancer in women rarely find over-incidence or clusters due to lack of power. However, this study has shown that geographical disparities exist in particular because of a lesser access to a specialist. Regarding the high prevalence of smoking among women in the south of France, practitioners need to think about bladder cancer in women with urinary signs.

Key messages
We identify for the first time a cluster of bladder cancers in women in France. Practitioners need to think about bladder cancers in women with urinary signs because this cancer will become a public health issue in the future.
Case-control study about exposure to BPA and DEHP and risk of endometriosis
Authors: Fiore M , Zuccarello P , Gulisano M , Monteleone M , Bonaccorso G , Oliveri Conti G , Copat C , Palumbo M , Ferrante M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
BPA and DEHP are endocrine disruptors. BPA-G and MEHP are their main metabolites. The main exposure route for human is the diet. Endometriosis is a pathology with uncertain etiopathogenesis, characterized by disturbances in sex hormones balance with a prevalence in women ranged from 1% to 7% in women aged 15-45 years.

Methods
A case-control study should highlight a possible relationship between exposure to DEHP and BPA and endometriosis. Patients (n = 40) with a surgical diagnosis of endometriosis will compose the group of cases; healthy women (n = 40) will compose the control group. Cases and controls will be studied by means of questionnaires and by means of urinary analysis of these endocrine disruptors concentration.

Results
BPA values ranged between 0.05-8.55 and 0.05-1.84 in cases and in controls, respectively; BPA-G values ranged between 0.05-16.1 and 0.05-7.38 in cases and in controls, respectively; total BPA values ranged between 0.05-3.26 and 0.05-3.51 in cases and in controls, respectively. DEHP values ranged between 13.63-57.78 and 16.66-61.93 in cases and in controls, respectively; MEHP values ranged between 1.74-6.16 and 4.26-14.16 in cases and in controls, respectively; total DEHP ranged between 15.27-63.93 and 21.72-72.73 in cases and in controls, respectively. A reverse correlation was found between endometriosis and phthalates, while a direct correlation was found between BPA and endometriosis.

Conclusions
The direct correlation between BPA and endometriosis suggests the decreasing the use of plasticizer in food packaging and the importance to implement interventions and strategy to minimize exposure. The reverse correlation between endometriosis and DEHP could be explained by the small size of sample and by the monitoring of urine that are representative of a short-time exposure.

Key messages
Improve epidemiological studies with analysis of alternative matrices that are more representative of long-time exposure. Implement interventions and strategy to minimize exposure to plasticizer.
Huge mortality fluctuations in working ages in Russia after 1991: is alcohol affordability in charge?
Authors: Gil A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Mortality rates from various causes of death significantly fluctuated inRussia after1991,with especially profound amplitude observed in working age populations.This study was aimed to investigate association between affordability of alcohol(AA),pattern of alcohol drinking(PAT),and several selected mortality indicators in which large alcohol-attributable fractions were assumed.

Methods
Econometric estimation of AA was based on calculation of the ratio of index of real disposable income to vodka price index adjusted for consumer price index.PAT was defined as the index of proportion of strong alcohol beverages sold a year in retail.Spearman’s rho andKendall’s tau-b correlation coefficients were estimated to assess strengths of bivariate associations between AA,PAT and indices of all-cause mortality,of mortality from external causes(EC) and from diseases of circulatory system(CSDs)at working ages(M:16-59;F:16-54yrs)in a time-series analysis between1991 and2016.All indices were calculated with1991 taken as the reference year. All primary data were obtained from the Russian Federal StateStatistics Agency“RosStat”.

Results
All-cause mortality and mortality from CSDs in both males and females quite precisely repeated fluctuations of AA between 1991 and 2005(tau-b&gt;0.600,p&lt;0.050; rho&gt;0.700,p&lt;0.050). Same moderate to high strength associations were observed between mortality fromEC and AA for 1991-2003.The strongest moderate to high strength associations between PAT and all-cause,CSD and EC mortality were observed during the period after1995, when pattern of drinking began changing towards consumption of low alcohol content beverages, especially beer. PAT repeated fluctuations of AA between 1991 and 1999.

Conclusions
Our findings further support alcoholic hypothesis of huge mortality fluctuations in Russia during the period after 1991, suggesting that alcohol affordability had played the key role before 2005 and pattern of drinking influenced on mortality decline after 2005.

Key messages
Fluctuating affordability of alcohol was one of the major determinants of alcohol consumption, and, consequently, of fluctuations of alcohol-attributable mortality in Russia between 1991 and 2005. The ongoing from 1995 change of pattern of alcohol consumption from spirits to low alcohol content drinking likely significantly contributing to mortality decline observed in Russia after 2005.
Study of the factors associated with the delay of health consultation of victims of rape in Senegal
Authors: Leye M M M , Diongue M , Tal Dia A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Rape remains one of the most serious forms of sexual violence because of its negative impact on the physical and mental health of victims. The objective of this study is to identify the factors associated with the delay of consultation of victims of rape at the level of health structures at the level of health facilities in Senegal.

Methodology
A retrospective, descriptive and analytical observation study was conducted. The study population consisted of all the court files of girls or women victims of rape recorded during the period from 2006 to 2015. An exhaustive recruitment of all the files of the girls or women victims of rapes answering the criteria of inclusion has been made. The uni and multivariate analyzes were carried out respectively using the software Epi Info 2000 and R 2.2.9.

Results
At the end of the collection, 1,037 cases of rape were enlisted at the national level. The average consultation time at the health facility level was 14.6 days ± (37.9). The delay in consultation (&gt; 24 hours) was noted in 38.6% of victims of rape. Victims of rape residing in the southern axes (ORaj = 4,31 [1,15-16,14]), north (ORaj = 4,22 [1,26-14,14]), major (ORaj = 1, 67 [1.04-2.68]), married (ORaj = 3.44 [1.58-7.5]) with pregnancy after the aggression (ORaj = 34.03 [15.47-74.85 ]) or an abortion (ORaj = 5.45 [1.04-24.47]) were more at risk of delaying consultation after rape.

Conclusions
The delay of consultation makes difficult the medical and judicial care of the victim of rape. Thus, it is important for health and judicial authorities to raise awareness about the harmful consequences of sexual violence and the therapeutic benefits and the reparation of the harm suffered by the victim in case of rape.

Key messages
Rape. Violence.
Benzodiazepine use and occupational injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Riccò M , Bragazzi N L , Mezzoiuso A G , Balzarini F , Garbarino S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objective
To investigate whether use of benzodiazepine is associated with increased risk of occupational injuries.

Methods
PubMed, Cochrane, Embase and CINAHL databases were searched. A meta-analysis was performed to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) among case controls, cross-sectional studies, either questionnaire or laboratory exams based.

Results
A total of 20 studies met inclusion criteria, 75% of them of low quality, involving 328,805 occupational injuries from 9 different countries, with an estimated prevalence of benzodiazepine positivity of 5.3% (95%CI 4.2-6.3), significantly greater in mining industries (15.7%, 95%CI 10.8-42.2), agriculture (11.1%, 2.3-19.8), and lower in commercial drivers (0.9%, 95%CI 0.1-2.4). Among the retrieved studies, 9 were based on laboratory analyses, 7 were questionnaire-based retrospective analyses, 5 were analyses of institutional databases. In 7 cases (all questionnaire bases), rather then benzodiazepine use, a proxy was reported (e.g. sedative, anxiolytics, etc). While no increased risk for occupational injuries was found among cross-sectional studies based on laboratory specimens (OR 0.59 95%CI 0.25-1.38; I2 63%), in questionnaire-based case control studies reporting the regular uptake of benzodiazepine was associated with higher risk for occupational injury (OR 2.11 95%CI 1.30-3.43, I2 55%).

Conclusions
These results suggest an elevated risk of occupational injuries among individuals who have reported chronic use of benzodiazepines, while no actually increased use was reported from specimens associated with the occupational injury. Even though benzodiazepines have the potential to increase injury rates among chronic users, it is reasonable to understand the underline disorders (e.g. sleep deprivation, anxiety, etc) rather than benzodiazepine use per se as the actual risk factors to be specifically addressed.

Key messages
Benzodiazepine use has the potential to increase the risk for occupational injuries, however evidence is conflicting. Underlying disorders causing the uptake of benzodiazepines rather than the drugs ’per se’ are apparently associated with increased risk for occupational injuries.
The role of civil society in child safety in Europe
Authors: Scholtes B , Schröder-Bäck P , Brand H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Introduction
The complexity of injury and the multi-sectoral nature of its prevention demands a whole-of-society approach. Engaging with civil society in a form of collaborative governance is central to this approach. Civil society, defined as neither state, nor market, nor family, includes organisations such as advocacy groups, charities, professional associations etc. This study looks at the role of civil society organisations in the implementation of child injury prevention interventions in Europe.

Methods
The method was built upon an existing approach, known as ’organigraphs’. Mintzberg and van der Heyden developed the approach to depict how organisations actually work. We further developed its practical application to explore how interventions in child safety are developed, implemented and monitored across the local, regional, national and EU levels. Professionals working in child safety in 25 European countries were asked to draw organigraphs for an intervention in one of four child injury domains: road, water, home safety or intentional injury prevention. The analysis focused on the action surrounding civil society actors, represented by the connectors leading to and from those actors.

Results
We received 44 organigraphs in total from 31 participants in 24 countries; nine for intentional injury prevention, nine for water safety, 12 for road safety and 14 for home safety. Civil society actors were present in the majority of Organigraphs and they played multiple and diverse roles including: ’advising’, ’funding’ and ’implementing’ child safety initiatives.

Conclusions
The role of civil society, described in this data set, appears to be relatively well-developed. Strong, functional and long-standing partnerships between civil society actors across policy sectors and government may lead to greater capacity to address the complexity of child injury.

Key messages
Effective child injury prevention requires multi-sectoral action to address its complexity. Stakeholders come from the public and private sector and from civil society. Greater engagement with civil society may represent an opportunity for countries and regions to improve their response to the challenges of injury prevention among children.
Optimising message framing to advance cancer prevention pricing interventions in the UK and US
Authors: Buckton C H , Ikegwuonu T , Lee J G L , Carey R , Cristello J V , Trucco E M , Golden S , Conway D I , Hilton S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
One-third of the burden of cancer is associated with four health harming behaviours - tobacco use, alcohol consumption, poor diet and physical inactivity. The growing evidence base supporting price-related policies to curb over consumption is of interest to governments globally. However, implementation requires public and policy-maker support. The aim of this study is to enhance our understanding of the features of message framing that influence public support for price-related policies in relation to tobacco, alcohol, and sugar.

Methods
We conducted 18 semi-structured interviews (9 UK and 9 USA) exploring knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of 4 price policies in relation to tobacco, alcohol and sugar. Interviewees included cancer policy advocates, cancer survivors and members of the public. We used NVivo 12 to organise the data for inductive and deductive thematic analysis.

Results
Common supportive features included: (i) highlighting the health benefit (eg reduced cancer risk), arising from impact on purchasing behaviour; (ii) indirectly making the health harm associated with consumption clear. Common unsupportive features included: (i) policy effectiveness will depend on size of the financial penalty and consumer response; (ii) such policies are unfair on sensible consumers and potentially regressive. Interviewees were more supportive of price-related policies for products containing tobacco where they perceived a stronger association with cancer risk.

Conclusions
This study reveals important differences in levels of persuasiveness arising from the framing of messages to promote price-related policies. The results informed the identification of 4 frames to be tested in a multi-factorial quantitative study, currently under way. These frames can be characterised as: F1 - To reduce the financial strain on healthcare systems; F2 - For the protection of children; F3 - To reduce cancer risk; and F4 - To reduce the risk of other non-communicable diseases.

Key messages
Tailoring the framing of price-related policies in relation to the product they are applied to may increase public acceptability. This may in turn facilitate their implementation.
Feasability of a regional assessment of needs for palliative care
Authors: Thiriet L , Tahon M , Matz S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objective
The coverage of need for palliative care is in the heart of national and local concerns. This feasibility study of an assessment of needs from SNDS data was done to check if this type of data permit to obtain a diagnosis of the management of the need and how measurement accuracy SNDS data used in the valuation model may be a decision-making tool.

Study design
In this observational descriptive and analytical retrospective cohort study, the use of palliative care was identified by a code “palliative care” when there was a contact while a sliding twelve-month period before death with an establishment of care in France.
Patients: Patients dead in 2014 residing in Hauts-de-France were included if causes of death were identical to a defined list of diseases.

Methods
Factors influences on palliative care access was analysed by logistic regression. Among other analyzes, survival was studied by cox model.

Results
In medicine obstetric surgery, 28,4% of the 37502 insured adults had palliative care. For the adults, palliative care access was multipied by a factor of 0.94 (p = 0.02798) when men, 0.78 (p = 0.00483) with AME or CMU, 0.97 (p &lt; 2e-16) with age, 0.90 (p &lt; 2e-16) with the increase of the deprivation index, 1,01 (p &lt; 2e-16) with interventional act and instantaneous death rate was multiplied by a factor of 1,0035 (p &lt; 2e-16) with the use of palliative care.

Conclusions
The estimation model of the need has probably induced a selection bias. The lack of code in primary care, the modality to be authorized to offer palliative care and the coding advocated by the health insurance have probably induced a ranking bias. Those results consistent with the literature have suggested that the SNDS was reliable for this type of assessment.

Key messages
Coverage of need for palliative care was identified. The SNDS (French Insurance Database) was reliable for this type of assessment.
Energy policy as a social determinant of Australian health equity
Authors: MacDougall C , Delany-Crowe T , Baum F , Fisher M , McGreevy M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Intersectoral action on social determinants of health to reduce health inequities requires policy research beyond the usual social and human services. We ask how Australian energy policy affects health equity.

Methods
Document analysis and policy case studies on how goals, objectives and strategies of all Australian energy policies address equity.

Results
Energy policy affects health via risk from unreliable energy; difficult transitions to renewables; disproportionate effects on poorer people faced with high energy bills versus other basics; ecological degradation; cost pressures on businesses and governments; job losses and policy paralysis about renewable energy and climate change. Policy features subsidies for the disadvantaged; privatisation and artificial markets; differing geographical distribution of resources and high level political conflict about whether it can deliver on 3, or only 2, of the ’energy trilemma’ of reliability, affordability and ecological sustainability. Mining, industrial and political interests, powerful enough to orchestrate the downfall of Australian prime ministers, actively close policy links between health, climate change and energy. Bridging energy and health policy requires political support for market solutions involving renewables; community generation of renewable energy; solutions for rural and remote areas; and global treaties. Intergenerational equity is a strong policy lever.

Conclusions
Health in All Policies approaches can creatively engage with the language and concepts of energy policy via the daily conditions of living, inequity and climate change. When it is difficult to engage, researchers can connect with non-government organisations who bridge sectors through simultaneous advocacy for equitable health, climate and energy policies.

Key messages
Powerful interests burn bridges between health equity and energy policy. Local and global policy levers harmonising terminology differences build bridges between energy, climate change and health equity.