bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Military Concepts in the Russian Linguistic World Image (as in the case of " Warrior" Concept)
Authors: Pimenova M. V. , Bodrikov A. B. 
Published: December 2019

The article features the cognitive signs of the warrior concept. The main representation of the concept is stylistically marked. The word warrior is often used in elevated style. In Russian culture, the army has always been a special estate that protects the people and the Russian lands. The concept warrior proved to have some structural peculiarities. It includes seven motivating signs in the structure of the concept: (battle) cry, army, conquest, hunting, desire / aspiration, target, dedication. Only four of them transformed with time and moved into the category of conceptual signs: army → warrior / defender / one who is fighting; desire / aspiration + goal + dedication → purposeful (person). The second group of the structure is formed by twenty conceptual signs: military, liberator, fighter, (military) employee, soldier, (experienced) in military affairs, warrior / defender / the one who fights, hero, protector, brave man, winner, squire, courageous / valiant (man), role model / example for imitation, responsible (man), purposeful (person), giving a debt to the country, ready for self-sacrifice / accomplishing a feat, participant in the war, patriot / devotee / loyal (Motherland / Fatherland / people). These cognitive characteristics show a wide range of functional manifestations of modern representations of military occupation. The special group includes figurative stereotypical and gender signs, since a warrior has always been a male hero in Russian linguistic culture. The stereotypes of Russian linguistic culture are connected with the military past of our people, with its heroic epos, tales, and legends. Symbolic signs make up a separate group. The structure of the studied concept includes sixteen symbolic signs, which are also connected with the history of the Russian people with its numerous wars and victories: gods and saints, (fraternal) graves of warriors, war veterans, eternal flame, (military) rituals, (military) units, banner, George the Victorious, coat of arms, hero cities, icons, awards (orders and medals, weapons), monuments (obelisks and columns), songs and marches, field, status Hero-city, temple.
Risk assessment for areas prone to flooding and subsidence: a case study from Bergen, Western Norway
Authors: Venvik Guri , Bang-Kittilsen Ane , Boogaard Floris C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBergen city centre is prone to both subsidence and flooding. With a predicted increase in precipitation due to climate change, a higher proportion of rainfall becomes surface runoff, which results in increased peak flood discharges. In addition, it has been predicted that sea-level rise and increasing storm surges will result in coastal flooding. In this study, the dual hazards of flooding and subsidence are analysed to exemplify possible risk assessment maps for areas most prone to the combination of both. Risk assessment maps are a support tool to identify areas where mitigation of subsidence and adaptation for surface water management will be most efficient and measures can be implemented. The results show that dual hazard assessment, like that described in this paper, can be a useful tool for decision-makers when prioritizing areas to implement measures such as Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems.
Monitoring hospital wastewaters for their probable genotoxicity
Authors: Beltifa Asma , Alibi Sana , Mansour Hedi Ben 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Hospitals' effluents contain a considerable amount of chemicals. Considering the significant volume of wastewater discharged by hospitals, the presence of these chemicals represents a real threat to the environment and human health. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo and in vitro genotoxicities of three wastewater effluents collected from Tunisian hospitals. The liver of Swiss albino male mice, previously treated with different doses of the hospital wastewaters, was used as a model to detect DNA fragmentation. Our results showed all the hospital effluents caused significant qualitative and quantitative hazards in hepatic DNA. The wastewater collected from Sfax hospital exhibited the highest genotoxic effect, which may be explained by the presence in this effluent of some toxic micropolluants. There was a significant increase in genotoxicity, proportionally to the concentration of effluent. However, the vitotox assay did not show any significant genotoxicity on Salmonella typhimurium TA104 in the presence or absence of microsomal fraction S9. The ratio gentox/cytox was lower than the threshold 1.5. This study assessed the toxicological risk issued from Tunisian hospital wastewaters, which is potentially very harmful, and it has been pointed out that wastewater treatment requires special attention.
High quantities of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli are present in the Machángara urban river in Quito, Ecuador
Authors: Ortega-Paredes David , Barba Pedro , Mena-López Santiago , Espinel Nathaly , Crespo Verónica , Zurita Jeannete 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Urban river pollution by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria constitutes an important public health concern. Epidemiologically important strains of MDR Escherichia coli transmissible at the human–animal–environment interfaces are especially worrying. Quantifying and characterizing MDR E. coli at a molecular level is thus imperative for understanding its epidemiology in natural environments and its role in the spread of resistance in precise geographical areas. Cefotaxime-resistant E. coli was characterized along the watercourse of the major urban river in Quito. Our results showed high quantities of cefotaxime-resistant E. coli (2.7 × 103–5.4 × 105 CFU/100 mL). The antimicrobial resistance index (ARI) revealed the exposure of the river to antibiotic contamination, and the multiple antibiotic resistance index indicated a high risk of contamination. The blaCTX-M-15 gene was the most prevalent in our samples. Isolates also had class 1 integrons carrying aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and folate pathway inhibitors. The isolates belonged to phylogroups A, B1 and D. Clonal complex 10 was found to be the most prevalent (ST10, ST44 and ST 167), followed by ST162, ST394 and ST46. Our study provides a warning about the high potential of the major urban river in Quito for spreading the epidemiologically important MDR E. coli.
Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara canis Among Myositis Patients in the Southwest of Iran
Authors: Saki Jasem , Mowla Karim , Arjmand Reza , Kazemi Forough , Fallahizadeh Somayeh 
Published: December 2019

Introduction:
Parasitic myositis is caused by some parasites, such as Toxoplasma
gondii) T. gondii (and Toxocara canis (T. canis). So, the aim of the study was to evaluate the
prevalence T. gondii and T. canis in patients with myositis and healthy individuals.

Methods:
A total of 108 samples were randomly selected as the control (54 healthy individuals)
and test (54 myositis patients) groups. IgG and IgM antibodies (Ab) against T. gondii and IgG Ab
against T. canis were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The detection
of chronic and acute toxoplasmosis was performed by the ELISA IgG avidity. The presence
of T. gondii in the blood was evaluated using the nested polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR).

Results:
Of 108, 33 (30.6%) cases were positive for IgG against T. gondii that 19 (35.2%) and 14
(25.9%) were observed in myositis patients and healthy individuals, respectively (P=0.296). Of 19
positive cases, 12 (63.2%) and 7 (36.8%) cases were detected as chronic and acute toxoplasmosis,
respectively, while, all positive cases in the control group had chronic toxoplasmosis (P=0.013).
One (1.9%) sample was positive for anti- T. gondii IgM and two (3.7%) samples were positive for
IgG against T. canis by the ELISA that these positive cases were observed only in myositis patients
(P=1.000 P=0.495, respectively). B1 T. gondii gene was amplified in 12 (63.2%) and 1
(7.1%) in myositis patients and healthy subjects (P=0.001).

Conclusions:
Our findings showed that there was a relatively high prevalence of acute toxoplasmosis
in myositis patients in comparison with the control subjects in the Southwest of Iran.
Detection of Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Clinical and Intensive Care Unit Environmental Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Zarei Omid , Mahmoudi Hassan , Bardbari Ali Mohammadi , Karami Pezhman , Alikhani Mohammad Yousef 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative non-glucose fermenting
aerobic bacteria and an opportunistic pathogen in humans and animals. The present study was carried
out to investigate the distribution of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance properties of P.
aeruginosa isolated from patients and intensive care unit (ICU) environment.

Material and Methods:
A total of 116 P. aeruginosa isolated from patients and ICU environment
were collected from Besat hospital in Hamadan, the West of Iran. P. aeruginosa isolates were analyzed
based on the presence of the virulence factors encoding genes included exoA, exoS, exoU,
and algD using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed
using a disk diffusion method.

Results:
The results showed the prevalence of exoA 33 (56.9%), exoS 21 (36.20%), exoU 37
(63.8%), and algD 35 (60.34%) genes in ICU environment P. aeruginosa strains and exo A 23
(39.25%), exoS 25 (43.1%), exoU 40(68.98%), and algD 25 (43.1%) genes in clinical isolates of
P. aeruginosa. High resistance levels of the clinical and ICU environment isolate to ampicillinsulbactam
(100%), were also observed.

Conclusions:
Our findings should raise awareness about antibiotic resistance in hospitalized patients
in Iran. Clinicians should exercise caution in prescribing antibiotics, especially in cases of
human infections.
Pulmonary Nocardiosis in Pemphigus Vulgaris Patients from Tehran, Iran
Authors: Rahdar Hossein Ali , Bahador Abass , Shahraki-Zahedani Shahram , Karami-Zarandi Morteza , Soori Tahereh , Jafari Sirous , Feizabadi Mohammad Mehdi 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
Nocardiosis is an opportunistic infection in individuals who had organ transplants
and in patients with immunosuppressive diseases such as pemphigus Vulgaris (PV), diabetes
mellitus, and HIV. Nocardiosis rate has not been assessed in Iranian PV patients, and this was
the first study to estimate nocardiosis rate in these patients.

Methods:
In this study, 103 patients with PV were examined. BAL samples were obtained and direct
smear was prepared and visualized by microscopy after PAS staining. Samples were cultured
on antibiotic-containing blood and chocolate agar media. DNA extraction and PCR were performed
on positive cultures, and final identification was done by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
Drug susceptibility testing was done by microbroth dilution method.

Results:
Four positive cultures (3.88%) were found in the samples (n = 103). According to sequence
analysis, 2 isolates were identified as Nocardia cyriacigeorgica and 2 as Nocardia otitidiscaviarum
and Nocardia cerradoensis. Nocardia cerradoensis was isolated from an invasive
brain infection. Isolated bacteria were susceptible to majority of the tested antibiotics, except for 2
strains of Nocardia cyriacigeorgica and Nocardia cerradoensis. This was the first isolation of Nocardia
cerradoensis of human infection in Asia. Patients with PV are susceptible to nocardiosis,
similar to other immunocompromised patients.

Conclusion:
Pemphigus Vulgaris is a severe autoimmune disease which is treated by a high dosage
of corticosteroids. Opportunistic infections are one of the greatest challenges of these patients.
One of the neglected agents of opportunistic infection in this disorder is Nocardiosis which can
cause a high mortality rate in PV patients.
Anthraquinone Derivatives and its Antibacterial Properties from Paederia foetida Stems
Authors: Ramadhan Aryandi , Wardani Agustin Krisna , Dlamini Bongani Sicelo , Chang Chi-I 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Paederia foetida (Rubiaceae) locally known as Chinese fever vine is a
prominent plant species in the east and south Asia. The extract of Paederia foetida Linn. has been
used for the treatment of gastric infections or other digestive disorders in Chinese traditional
medicine.

Objective:
The main aim of the study was to isolate bioactive constituents of P. foetida stem through
a bio-guided assay, then evaluate their antibacterial activity and compare them with standard agents.

Materials and Methods:
The stems of P. foetida were extracted by methanol and successively partitioned
with ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The ethyl acetate layer further fractionated using column
chromatography and normal phase HPLC. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were
elucidated through comparison of the 1H and 13C NMR and MS spectral data with the literature. The
antibacterial activity of P. foetida stem was evaluated using agar well diffusion assay and resazurin
based micro-dilution technique.

Results:
Ten compounds were isolated from the Chinese fever vine stem including four
anthraquinones, morindaparvin A (1), 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methoxyanthraquinone (2), digiferrol (3),
and alizarin (4); two steroids, β-sitosterol (5), and stigmastan-3-one (6); two coumarins, scopoletin
(7) and fraxidin (8) and two aromatics, ferulic acid (9) and vanillic acid (10). The four anthraquinones
1-4 were isolated for the first time from Chinese fever vine stem. Compound 2 and 3 significantly
inhibited Staphylococcus aureus with MIC values 18.75 and 9.37 μg/mL respectively, and
streptomycin (1.8 μg/mL) was used as a positive control.

Conclusion:
Compound 2 and 3 can be considered as a prospective candidate for the treatment of
staphylococcal bacterial infections in both human and animals.
Patients’ Willingness to Share Information in Online Patient Communities: Questionnaire Study
Authors: Zhu Panpan , Shen Jiang , Xu Man 
Published: December 2019

Background
Online patient communities provide new channels for users to access and share medical information. In-depth study of users’ willingness to share information in online patient communities is of great significance for improving the level of information sharing among the patient community and the long-term development of communities.

Objective
The aim of this study was to build a model of factors affecting patients’ willingness to share medical information from the perspective of both positive and negative utilities. Specifically, we aimed to determine the influence of online information support and privacy concerns, as well as the moderating effect of disease severity and information sensitivity of different patients on their willingness to share.

Methods
Data from 490 users with experience in online patient communities were collected through a questionnaire survey, and structural equations were applied to empirically verify the model hypotheses.

Results
Privacy concerns negatively affected the patients’ willingness to share information (P<.001), whereas online information support positively affected patients’ willingness to share information (P<.001), and information sensitivity negatively moderated the impact of online information support on sharing willingness (P=.01). Disease severity positively moderated the impact of privacy concerns on sharing willingness (P=.05). However, the hypotheses that information sensitivity is a negative moderator and disease severity is a positive moderator of the impact of privacy concerns on sharing willingness could not be supported.

Conclusions
To improve the level of user information sharing, the online patient community should design a safe user registration process, ensure the confidentiality of information, reduce the privacy concerns of users, and accurately identify the information needs of patients to provide personalized support services.
Analisis kinerja jaringan VANET dengan model propagasi free space dan two ray ground pada routing AODV
Authors: Agustin Adam Tedy , Akbar Denar Regata , Risqiwati Diah 
Published: December 2019

VANET is one type of Ad Hoc network that serves as a wireless network with several mobile nodes that do not have a fixed router. Each of these nodes can function as a router that can search and handle paths to other nodes within a network. Each node on the network is mobile so that the topology of the network is constantly changing. On a network, the routing protocol is something that has a lot of impact on the performance of the network.Each propagation model will certainly have different capabilities and characteristics, therefore it is necessary to research some propagation models in the specified place which will then affect QoS performance on the VANET network. Mobility simulation is done based on urban environment scenario that is around Malang City Hall. This research applies SUMO as mobile simulator and NS-2 as network simulator with AODV type reactive protocol as routing protocol which is used and use propagation model of Free Space and Two Ray Ground as comparison in NS-2.In this research to do QoS analysis with parameters in the test is End to End Delay, Jitter, Packet Delivery Ratio and Throughput. After the data collected, analysis is done by looking at the QoS between the propagation tested. The Free Space propagation model has a smaller delay time with an average of 0.1136 ms than on the Two Ray Ground propagation which has a value of 0.1696 ms. For the number of packets received successfully Free Space propagation is better with an average value of 482.06 kbps throughput compared to Two Ray Ground propagation. The results of testing and analysis prove that Free Space propagation is the right model on the VANET network used in urban environments.
Improvisasi algoritma advanced encryption standard (AES) dengan melakukan pemetaan s-box pada modifikasi mixcolumns
Authors: Harum Dana Putri , Aminudin Aminudin , Arifianto Sofyan 
Published: December 2019

AbstrakAlgoritma kriptografi merupakan salah satu unsur penting dalam pengamanan data. Berbagai improvisasi pengembangan algoritma telah dilakukan untuk mengoptimalisasikan kemanan proses pertukaran dalam suata jaringan data. Efisiensi performa menjadi salah satu pertimbangan penggunaan algoritma tertentu. AES memiliki keamanan super yang hingga saat ini keamanannya hanya dapat ditembus dengan waktu sekitar tahun dan semilyar processor. Kompleksitas keamanan AES sebanding dengan penggunaan penggunaan memori serta waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk memproses enkripsi dan dekripsi data begitu besar. Penelitian ini melakukan modifikasi lookup table sbox dan constant matrix pada mixcolumns. Improvisasi tersebut dilakukan dengan harapan mampu meningkatkan performa agar menjadi lebih efisien. Pengujian yang dilakukan terhadap penggunaan memori, waktu komputasi serta persentase avalanche effect masing – masing memiliki selisih sebesar 24mb, 18.9 detik, serta peningkatan avalanche effect sebesar 0.92%. berdasarkan data tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa performa pada improvisasi AES ini telah mampu meningkatakan performa algoritma dengan mereduksi waktu dan memori serta meningkatkan persentase avalanche effect.Cryptographic algorithm is an important element in data security. Any improvised of algorithm development has been carried out to optimize the security of the exchange process in a data network environment. Performance efficiency is one of the considerations of using algorithms. AES has a super security nowaday and its security can only be broken about years and a billion processors. The complexity of AES security is proportional with the memory usage and the time are needed to process encryption and decryption of data is huge. This study modified the sbox table and constant matrix in mixcolumns. That Improvement is expected of being able to improve the performance to become more efficient. Tests carried out on memory usage, computation time and the percentage of avalanche effect which have a difference of 24MB, 18.9 seconds, and an increase in the avalanche effect of 0.92%. based on the data, it can be known that the performance of the AES has been able to improve the performance of the algorithm by reducing time and memory also it is increasing the percentage of avalanche effect
The effect of progestagens on immunological risk factors of preterm birth
Authors: Elizarova N. N. , Artymuk N. V. , Polenok E. G. 
Published: December 2019

Aim. To determine the level of IgA and IgG to estradiol, progesterone, and benzo[a]pyrene in women with or without preterm labor and to assess whether the administration of progestagens affect these parameters.Materials and Methods. We measured the levels of IgA and IgG to estradiol, progesterone, and benzo[a]pyrene in serum of 199 pregnant women (68 with PL and 81 with normal delivery) with the following analysis of associations between progestagen administration and these parameters.Results. The level of IgA to estradiol in patients with preterm labor was significantly higher than in women with normal delivery, and the administration of progestagens did not reduce their level in women with preterm birth.Conclusions. Measurement of the antibodies to estradiol may help in predicting pregnancy complications such as preterm birth.
Vaginal mesh surgery is efficient to treat pelvic organ prolapse grade 3 in elderly women
Authors: Korotkevich O. S. , Mozes V. G. , Eizenakh I. A. , Soloviev A. V. , Vlasova V. V. 
Published: December 2019

Aim. To evaluate the surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse grade 3 in elderly women.Materials and Methods. We consecutively recruited 86 elderly women (60 to 75 years old) suffering from pelvic organ prolapse grade 3. Out of them, 56 patients underwent vaginal mesh surgery while 30 refused surgical treatment. After 1 year, we assessed stress urinary incontinence using a cough test and Valsalva maneuver. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale whereas quality of life was assessed by Pelvic Floor Disability Index (PDFI-20). The primary outcome measure was the prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse symptoms while the secondary outcome measure was the frequency of stress urinary incontinence and low quality of life upon 1 year of follow-up.Results. After 1 year of follow-up, patients who received a surgical treatment were characterized by a statistically significant decrease in both frequency and intensity of complaints and symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse. Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory score was 8.3 (4.2-12.5) and 79.2 (79.2-100) in patients with or without surgical treatment respectively. Similar results were showed using Colorectal-Anal Distress Inventory score (6.2 (3.1-6.2) and 68.8 (62.5-71.9) and Urinary Distress Inventory score (8.3 (4.2-8.3) and 83.3 (79.2-87.5), in treated and untreated individuals, respectively. Total Pelvic Floor Disability Index score was 22.8 (11.5-27.0) in women who underwent a vaginal mesh surgery and 227.2 (226.1251.0) in those who did not. All indicated differences were statistically significant.Conclusions. Vaginal mesh surgery is efficient for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse grade 3 in elderly women.