bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data‐Driven Fast Clustering of Second‐Life Lithium‐Ion Battery: Mechanism and Algorithm
Authors: Ran Aihua , Zhou Zihao , Chen Shuxiao , Nie Pengbo , Qian Kun , Li Zhenlong , Li Baohua , Sun Hongbin , Kang Feiyu , Zhang Xuan , Wei Guodan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWhile electrical vehicles (EVs) are expanding rapidly and getting more and more popular in the market, researchers have started to leverage the remaining capacity of used or to‐be‐retired batteries for their second‐life applications. It is crucial to develop a fast and efficient technology to first sort them and then extend their life while delivering energy, waste reduction, and economic benefits. In this work, a pulse clustering model embedded with improved bisecting K‐means algorithm is developed to effectively sort retired batteries with life cycles ranging from new to an end‐of‐life state. The relevance of selected variables is rigorously validated, reaching the accuracy as high as 88% compared with the traditional full charge–discharge test. To note, the test time has largely reduced from hours to minutes. This data‐driven clustering modeling with fast pulse test is a promising approach for clustering lithium‐ion batteries, which is demonstrated with a home‐built and high throughput intelligent clustering machine. In general, the technology opens a new generation of battery clustering, improving the efficiency and accuracy over the past semiempirical approaches.
DNA Origami Meets Polymers: A Powerful Tool for the Design of Defined Nanostructures
Authors: Hannewald Nadine , Winterwerber Pia , Zechel Stefan , Ng David Y. W. , Hager Martin D. , Weil Tanja , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe combination of DNA origami nanostructures and polymers provides a new possibility to access defined structures in the 100 nm range. In general, DNA origami serves as a versatile template for the highly specific arrangement of polymer chains. Polymer‐DNA hybrid nanostructures can either be created by growing the polymer from the DNA template or by attaching preformed polymers to the DNA scaffold. These conjugations can be of a covalent nature or be based on base‐pair hybridization between respectively modified polymers and DNA origami. Furthermore, the negatively charged DNA backbone permits interaction with positively charged polyelectrolytes to form stable complexes. The combination of polymers with tuneable characteristics and DNA origami allows the creation of a new class of hybrid materials, which could offer exciting applications for controlled energy transfer, nanoscale organic circuits, or the templated synthesis of nanopatterned polymeric structures.
Spatially resolved indiffusion behavior of Cu2+ and Ni2+ in polypropylene
Authors: Kern Stefanie , Kern Christine , Pradja Mark Melvin , Düring Rolf‐Alexander , Rohnke Marcus 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMicroplastics and their effects on the environment and food chain have become increasingly important in recent years. These polymer particles, which are only few millimeters in size or smaller, accumulate in the environment and can enter the human food chain via animals that ingest them. Moreover, they can accumulate impurities such as heavy metals. Therefore, this study focuses on the indiffusion behavior of metal ions into semicrystalline polypropylene (PP) applying time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) at cryo‐conditions. Diffusion coefficients of Cu2+ and Ni2+ in PP are determined by classical SIMS depth profiling in frozen state (T <−130°C) and subsequent data analysis according to Fick's second law of diffusion. The results show that diffusion of Cu2+ ions in dry PP (DPP,Cu = [2.21 ± 0.15]·10−12 cm2/s) is faster compared to Ni2+ ion diffusion of dry PP (DPP,Ni = [4.43 ± 0.55]·10−13 cm2/s). Interestingly, the diffusion of Cu2+ ions in water‐saturated PP (DPP,H2O,Cu = [1.91 ± 0.28]·10−13 cm2/s) is slower compared to Cu2+ ion diffusion in dry PP. Furthermore, high‐lateral resolution ToF‐SIMS analysis shows that metal ions only diffuse in certain areas of PP, which are most likely amorphous.
Business models for environmental sustainability: Contemporary shortcomings and some perspectives
Authors: De Giacomo Maria Rosa , Bleischwitz Raimund 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRecently, business models for environmental sustainability have gained increasing attention in the management field and among practitioners and stakeholders. This study aims to analyse the state of the art on the topic by reviewing the growing but mainly phenomenon‐driven research. In particular, by identifying main research trends and relevant gaps in the literature and by providing future research avenues, this paper advances the debate on the need for alternative concepts of doing business that go beyond the creation of economic value for a company in a way that generates value for the society.Our article undertakes two stages of screening the available literature and selects 151 peer‐reviewed articles published between 2007 and early 2019 for the review. The paper provides the first comprehensive systematic review of business models in the field of environmental sustainability with a detailed descriptive and critical analysis and with a discussion of future research opportunities.
Therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicle‐associated long noncoding RNA
Authors: Born Louis J. , Harmon John W. , Jay Steven M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBoth extracellular vesicles (EVs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been increasingly investigated as biomarkers, pathophysiological mediators, and potential therapeutics. While these two entities have often been studied separately, there are increasing reports of EV‐associated lncRNA activity in processes such as oncogenesis as well as tissue repair and regeneration. Given the powerful nature and emerging translational impact of other noncoding RNAs such as microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA, lncRNA therapeutics may represent a new frontier. While EVs are natural vehicles that transport and protect lncRNAs physiologically, they can also be engineered for enhanced cargo loading and therapeutic properties. In this review, we will summarize the activity of lncRNAs relevant to both tissue repair and cancer treatment and discuss the role of EVs in enabling the potential of lncRNA therapeutics.
Pattern and prognosis of distant metastases in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A large‐population retrospective analysis
Authors: Qu Weiling , Li Sihan , Zhang Miao , Qiao Qiao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCurrently, the features and prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) with distant metastases are still rarely reported. Thus, the main purpose of our study was to investigate the metastasis patterns of different histological types of NPC and to clarify the prognostic characteristics of metastases at different sites. Patients were enrolled from the SEER program from 2010 to 2016. Chi‐squared tests were used to compare features between groups. The tendency to develop combined metastases was assessed with the odds ratio. The Kaplan‐Meier method was used for the survival analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to select the independent prognostic risk factors for inclusion in the nomogram. In the present study, we found the following: (1) tumors are highly likely to metastasize if they have a larger volume, the regional lymph nodes are relatively large, or the regional lymph nodes are biopsied but not removed; (2) the bone and the brain were the most and least common metastatic sites among all histological types and N stages. Metastasis at two sites was the most common pattern, and bone metastasis was generally associated with metastasis to the liver or brain; (3) the prognostic analyses in metastatic patients showed that cancer‐specific survival (CSS) was relatively worse in patients with multiple metastases, and in those with liver metastasis regardless of the number of other metastatic sites; (4) A nomogram was constructed for clinical use based on four independent prognostic risk indicators, including histology, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and metastatic status. Our findings provide a reference for clinical decision‐making and future diagnostic screening tests for NPC with distant metastases.
Neoliberalism, guilt, shame and stigma: A Lacanian discourse analysis of food insecurity
Authors: Swales Stephanie , May Christopher , Nuxoll Mary , Tucker Christy 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe researchers conducted a Lacanian discourse analysis of 21 interviews conducted in 2016 of food bank clients of a large city in a southern U.S. state. The study focused on accounts of food insecure individuals regarding their experiences of stigma, shame, and guilt towards receiving non‐profit food assistance and how those experiences—or lack thereof—might play a role in food bank utilization, given the problematic of why many food insecure households do not receive any type of food assistance. The researchers found that superegoic imperatives and stigma under neoliberalism served as major barriers to seeking adequate food assistance. Participants experienced guilt and shame at failing to meet the standard of self‐sufficiency promoted by neoliberalism; neoliberal discourses dominate constructions of food insecurity as being due to personal failings. Participants attempted to mitigate stigma, guilt, and shame through passing as food secure by avoiding asking for needed food assistance; what is more, participants took great lengths to avoid being seen as illegitimately enjoying in accordance with neoliberal ideology (e.g., not wanting to meet the stereotype of “living off of the system,” falling into the category of the underserving poor). In Lacanian terms, to be seen as illegitimately enjoying is to be the object of xenophobia. Some participants were able to resist neoliberal discourses which would render them morally responsible for their plight by adopting egoic discourse identities of being independent, a helper, or a provider by seeking food assistance.
sReactivation of CeO2‐based Catalysts in the HCl Oxidation Reaction: In situ Quantification of the Degree of Chlorination and Kinetic Modeling
Authors: Sun Yu , Hess Franziska , Djerdj Igor , Wang Zheng , Weber Tim , Guo Yanglong , Smarsly Bernd M. , Over Herbert 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDeactivation of CeO2‐based catalysts in the HCl oxidation reaction proceeds via selective bulk chlorination of the active CeO2 component to form CeCl3×nH2O. We study the reactivation of two bulk‐chlorinated CeO2‐based Deacon catalysts by oxygen treatment at 430 °C, namely pure CeO2 and 20 mol % of CeO2 supported on preformed ZrO2 particles (20CeO2@ZrO2), with a dedicated experiment. In the flow reactor setup we determine in‐situ the degree of chlorination of the catalyst by quantifying down‐stream with in‐situ UV‐Vis spectroscopy the total amount of chlorine in the catalyst that is exchanged by reoxidation at 430 °C. The activity of deactivated 20CeO2@ZrO2 can be fully restored by oxygen exposure at 430 °C, while that of pure CeO2 declines steadily. Since the UV‐Vis analytics is fast and sensitive, we can follow the kinetics of reoxidation. To rationalize the observed kinetics, we develop a modified Johnson‐Mehl‐Avrami‐Kolmogorov (JMAK) model based on a nucleation‐and‐growth approach for the reoxidation of the catalyst starting from the chlorinated phase. The fast reoxidation kinetics of chlorinated 20CeO2@ZrO2 is traced to a fast nucleation rate.
Current state of chitin purification and chitosan production from insects
Authors: Hahn Thomas , Tafi Elena , Paul Aman , Salvia Rosanna , Falabella Patrizia , Zibek Susanne 
Published: July 2020

AbstractChitin, and especially its deacetylated variant chitosan, has many applications, e.g. as carrier material for pharmaceutical drugs or as a flocculant in wastewater treatment. Despite its versatility and accessibility, chitin, the second most abundant polysaccharide on Earth, has so far been commercially extracted only from crustaceans and to a minor extent from fungi. Insects are a viable alternative source of chitin, but they have not been exploited in the past due to limited availability. Today however, for the sustainable production of animal feed, insect farming is being developed substantially. The availability of large quantities of insect biomass and chitin‐rich side products such as exuviae and exoskeletons has been increasing. This review provides an overview of recently published studies of chitin extraction from insects, its subsequent conversion into chitosan and the primary analytical methods used to characterize insect‐based chitin and chitosan. We have discovered a large number of research articles published over the past 20 years, confirming the increased attention being received by chitin and chitosan production from insects. Despite numerous publications, we identified several knowledge gaps, such as a lack of data concerning chitin purification degree and chitosan yield. Furthermore, analytical methods used to obtain physicochemical characteristics, structural information and chemical composition meet basic qualitative requirements but do not satisfy the need for a more quantitative evaluation. Despite the current shortcomings that need to be overcome, this review presents encouraging data on the use of insects as an alternative source of chitin and chitosan in the future. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Extrapulmonary complications of COVID‐19: A multisystem disease?
Authors: Zheng Kenneth I. , Feng Gong , Liu Wen‐Yue , Targher Giovanni , Byrne Christopher D. , Zheng Ming‐Hua 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), has been recently declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. In addition to its acute respiratory manifestations, SARS‐CoV‐2 may also adversely affect other organ systems. To date, however, there is a very limited understanding of the extent and management of COVID‐19‐related conditions outside of the pulmonary system. This narrative review provides an overview of the current literature about the extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID‐19 that may affect the urinary, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, hematological, hematopoietic, neurological, or reproductive systems. This review also describes the current understanding of the extrapulmonary complications caused by COVID‐19 to improve the management and prognosis of patients with COVID‐19.
Social Environmental Factors and Personal Motivational Factors Associated with Creative Achievement: A Cross‐Cultural Perspective
Authors: Zhang Zhitian Skylor , Hoxha Linda , Aljughaiman Abdullah , Arënliu Aliriza , Gomez‐Arizaga Maria P. , Gucyeter Sule , Ponomareva Irina , Shi Jiannong , Irueste Paula , Rogl Silke , Nunez Miguelina , Ziegler Albert 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlthough the theory of the socio‐cultural approach to creativity is gaining steam, empirical studies with advanced statistical tools are lagging behind. To address the gap of empirical studies integrating individual, social environmental, and cultural factors, we examined how motivational factors and environmental responsiveness were jointly related to college students’ creative achievement in different nations. Participants were university students from eight culturally and geographically diverse regions: Argentina, Austria, Chile, China, Kosovo, Russia, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey. Overall, the results painted a generally positive picture of the relationship between environmental responsiveness, motivational factors, and creative achievement. By employing structural equation modeling (SEM) and multiple‐group SEM (MGSEM) methods, results partially supported the mediation role of motivational factors between environmental responsiveness and creative achievement. In addition, we observed more consistent relationships between parental responsiveness and motivational factors or creative achievement, than lecturer. This held in common across all seven countries which fulfilled the requirements for the SEM process, indicating that parents play a potential vital role in supporting students’ motivational aspects and creative achievements, whereas lecturers supporting role is relative to the cultural organizational circumstances. As the first large‐scale empirical study with a socio‐cultural approach, we invited further discussion and proposed future cross‐cultural research of this kind. Research implications and practical suggestions were addressed.
Clarifying the nomenclature of non‐Andean South American Hypericum (Hypericaceae)
Authors: Vogel Ely Cleusa , de Loreto Bordignon Sérgio Augusto , Iob Boldrini Ilsi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAn updated taxonomic and nomenclatural framework is essential to develop most biological research. To stabilize the application of Hypericum names and avoid future problems, we critically reviewed the protologues, the main Floras in which the studied names are listed, and the types of 84 names described for non‐Andean South America (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay). Application of the term holotype is corrected to lectotype for 18 names, and type is corrected to lectotype for six names (“inadvertent lectotypifications”). For H. nudicaule the term type is corrected to neotype, for H. paraguense the term lectotype is corrected to neotype, and for H. polyanthemum the term isotype is corrected to neotype (“inadvertent neotypifications”). For 24 names, lectotypifications are provided, including one re‐lectotypification (H. brasiliense var. angustifolium) and 19 second‐step lectotypifications. Neotypes are designated for four names (H. cyathifolium, H. lorentzianum, H. meridionale, H. sellowianum). Five new synonyms are proposed (H. campestre subsp. pauciflorum, H. campestre subsp. tenue, H. rigidum subsp. bracteatum, H. rigidum subsp. meridionale, H. rigidum subsp. sellowianum), and two superfluous names are detected for the first time (H. bolivianum, H. connatum var. obscurum).
Dementia: I Am Physically Fading. Can Virtual Reality Help? Physical Training for People with Dementia in Confined Mental Health Units
Authors: Matsangidou Maria , Schiza Eirini , Hadjiaros Marios , Neokleous Kleanthis C. , Avraamides Marios , Papayianni Ersi , Frangoudes Fotos , Pattichis Constantinos S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing interest in designing non-pharmacological interventions to improve the quality of life for People with Dementia (PwD) who face motor impairments. This paper investigates the feasibility of using Virtual Reality (VR) technologies for the rehabilitation of 20 patients with moderate to severe dementia residing in a confined psychiatric hospital and discusses the impact of this interactions on motor training. To accomplish this, we present three interrelated studies that refer to: (1) System requirement analysis carried out through a workshop with experts in dementia care; (2) System interaction method assessment by testing two different types of interaction in Virtual Reality, to identify the most suitable for People with Dementia; and (3) A pilot study with patients performing three upper limb physiotherapy tasks in Virtual Reality. The issues encountered during the design, testing and execution of the experimental tasks are discussed and a set of guidelines and recommendations for the future deployment of VR in healthcare services is provided.
Effective theories for a nonrelativistic field in an expanding universe: Induced self-interaction, pressure, sound speed, and viscosity
Authors: Salehian Borna , Namjoo Mohammad Hossein , Kaiser David I. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A massive, nonrelativistic scalar field in an expanding spacetime is usually approximated by a pressureless perfect fluid, which leads to the standard conclusion that such a field can play the role of cold dark matter. In this paper, we systematically study these approximations, incorporating subleading corrections. We provide two equivalent effective descriptions of the system, each of which offers its own advantages and insights: (i) A nonrelativistic effective field theory (EFT) with which we show that the relativistic corrections induce an effective self-interaction for the nonrelativistic field. As a byproduct, our EFT also allows one to construct the exact solution, including oscillatory behavior, which is often difficult to achieve from the exact equations. (ii) An effective (imperfect) fluid description, with which we demonstrate that, for a perturbed Friedmann-Lemaître- Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universe: (a) The pressure is small but nonzero (and positive), even for a free theory with no tree-level self-interactions. (b) The sound speed of small fluctuations is also nonzero (and positive), reproducing already known leading-order results, correcting a subdominant term, and identifying a new contribution that had been omitted in previous analyses. (c) The fluctuations experience a negative effective bulk viscosity. The positive sound speed and the negative bulk viscosity act in favor of and against the growth of overdensities, respectively. The net effect may be considered a smoking gun for ultra-light dark matter.
Exact correlation functions in the Brownian Loop Soup
Authors: Camia Federico , Foit Valentino F. , Gandolfi Alberto , Kleban Matthew 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We compute analytically and in closed form the four-point correlation function in the plane, and the two-point correlation function in the upper half-plane, of layering vertex operators in the two dimensional conformally invariant system known as the Brownian Loop Soup. These correlation functions depend on multiple continuous parameters: the insertion points of the operators, the intensity of the soup, and the charges of the operators. In the case of the four-point function there is non-trivial dependence on five continuous parameters: the cross-ratio, the intensity, and three real charges. The four-point function is crossing symmetric. We analyze its conformal block expansion and discover a previously unknown set of new conformal primary operators.
Numerical contribution to segmented chip effect on residual stress distribution in orthogonal cutting of Inconel718
Authors: Liu Yang , Agmell Mathias , Xu Dongdong , Ahadi Aylin , Stahl Jan-Eric , Zhou Jinming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSegmented chip morphology has a significant influence on distribution of residual stress and surface topography on machined surface in machining difficult-to-cut materials. In this paper, Coupled Eulerian and Lagrangian (CEL) model is employed to investigate the effect of segmented chip on surface integrity (residual stress distribution and surface topography) in orthogonal machining of Inconel718 with uncoated carbide inserts. A mesh sensitivity study of chip morphology and residual stress distribution is performed by developing the following three different grid resolutions: coarse (mesh size 35 μm), medium (10 μm) and fine (5 μm). Comparing with the experimental results, it is clear that the numerical model presents reasonable results, including the chip morphology, temperature distribution, cutting forces, residual stress profile and surface fluctuation period. As for the generated surface integrity, a waved surface and cyclic residual stress distribution are found with the segmented chip due to the periodical mechanical and thermal loadings acting on the machined surface. Furthermore, the formation of single chip segment is investigated in-depth to explain the residual stress distribution generation.