bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Death and Dying Distress Scale in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: Shapiro Gilla K. , Mah Kenneth , Li Madeline , Zimmermann Camilla , Hales Sarah , Rodin Gary 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundDistress about dying and death is an important clinical and research outcome in advanced cancer. A 15‐item Death and Dying Distress Scale (DADDS) measure has undergone preliminary validation, but full validation in a large sample has not previously been reported. We investigated its psychometric characteristics and responsiveness to a therapeutic intervention.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of baseline data obtained from a randomized controlled trial of psychotherapeutic intervention for patients with advanced cancer. Participants (n = 386) completed the DADDS, and measures of depression, anxiety, demoralization, quality of life (including preparation for end of life), spirituality, attachment security, and symptom burden.ResultsA confirmatory factor analysis revealed factors related to “Finitude” and to “Dying.” Both factors showed good internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.861–0.949). DADDS scores were significantly higher in females, those with lower income and not working. Construct validity was demonstrated by a positive correlation between DADDS and demoralization (r = 0.569–0.679), and a negative correlation with preparation for the end of life (r = −0.475 to −0.678). At 6 months, intervention participants with moderate DADDS scores at baseline reported significantly lower DADDS scores on both factors compared to usual care.ConclusionsThe DADDS is a valid and brief two‐factor measure that assesses distress related to the shortness of time and to the process of dying. The total and factor scores have utility in the clinical and research assessment of death‐related distress in patients with advanced cancer.
Improving MiniHip femoral prosthesis positioning using a cross‐laser projection system in total hip arthroplasty by an anterolateral supine approach
Authors: Fujii Hideki , Hayama Tetsuo , Abe Toshiomi , Takahashi Motoi , Matsushita Yohei , Sato Ryuichi , Otani Takuya , Saito Mitsuru 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe authors developed a cross‐laser projection system (CLP) to place a femoral neck‐sparing short stem using the minimally invasive anterolateral supine approach in total hip arthroplasty. This study aimed to verify the utility of CLP.MethodsThirty joints were assessed with the MiniHip (Corin). The authors compared femoral component implantation with a patient‐specific femoral osteotomy guide (PSG) for the femoral neck‐cut (PSG group), with the CLP attached to the rasp handle to irradiate the cross‐laser to the target of PSG (CLP group), and without PSG or CLP (control group).ResultsIn the CLP group, the positional deviation of anteversion, anterior/posterior tilt and varus/valgus placement of the stem postoperatively were 1.8° ± 0.2°, 2.0° ± 2.0° and 2.0° ± 0.1°, respectively. The positional deviation of anteversion (p < 0.001) and anterior/posterior tilt (p = 0.036) were significantly smaller than those in the other groups.ConclusionsCLP improves the accuracy of MiniHip femoral prosthesis placement.
Robot‐assisted versus conventional laparoscopic major hepatectomies: Systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Coletta Diego , Levi Sandri Giovanni Battista , Giuliani Giuseppe , Guerra Francesco 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundMajor hepatectomy is still regarded as a technically demanding procedure for which minimally invasive surgery remains limited to selected cases in experienced centres and robotic platforms may provide some advantages over conventional laparoscopy in this setting. We aimed to combine and meta‐analyse the available literature upon this topic.MethodsThe PubMed, MEDLINE and Web of Science databases were appraised to find all available studies comparing robotic and laparoscopic major hepatectomies. According to a pre‐established pattern preoperative settings, operative and postoperative outcomes were assessed. The meta‐analysis was performed by using the Revman 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 485 patients from eight studies were included in the analysis. Robotic major hepatectomies showed a significantly lower conversion rate and estimated blood loss as compared to laparoscopic ones. Laparoscopic major hepatectomies patients experienced significant shorter postoperative hospitalisation.ConclusionsRobotic surgery appears as competent as conventional laparoscopy to perform major hepatectomies, with possible advantages on conversion rate and perioperative blood loss, despite slightly prolonged postoperative hospitalisation.
Classical and alternative receptors for SARS‐CoV‐2 therapeutic strategy
Authors: Masre Siti Fathiah , Jufri Nurul Farhana , Ibrahim Farah Wahida , Abdul Raub Sayyidi Hamzi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the molecules that are essential for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) entry can provide insights into viral infection and dissemination. Recently, it has been identified from several studies that angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 receptor and transmembrane serine protease 2 are the main entry molecules for the SARS‐CoV‐2, which produced the pandemic of Covid‐19. However, additional evidence showed several other viral receptors and cellular proteases that are also important in facilitating viral entry and transmission in the target cells. In this review, we summarized the types of SARS‐CoV‐2 entry molecules and discussed their crucial roles for virus binding, protein priming and fusion to the cellular membrane important for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection.
High Step‐Down All‐Passive Rectifier Derived Via Duality Principle from Cockcroft–Walton Circuit
Authors: Minami Masataka 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHigh step‐down DC–DC converters and rectifiers are required for low‐voltage, high‐current applications. This paper proposes a high step‐down all‐passive rectifier to achieve this conversion. In particular, the proposed rectifier is derived via the duality principle from the N‐stage Cockcroft–Walton circuit; the use of the duality principle in designing proposed rectifier is the novelty. In addition, the proposed rectifier is numerically analyzed based on its operation modes in the case of N = 2, 3, and 4. Furthermore, the validity of the two‐stage rectifier designed via the proposed approach was experimentally verified as an example. © 2020 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
From wrong word to right word: Equipping ELLs to make correct semantic choices independently
Authors: Everly Pamela , Cai Shengrong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractChoosing the right word to express meaning can be a challenge for English language learners (ELLs) in both English as second language and English as a foreign language settings, persisting through all proficiency levels in productive language use for several reasons. In order to make correct word choices, ELLs must master the various aspects of a word, including potential multiple meanings, register, connotation, collocation, and other usage aspects. However, learners are typically taught only surface‐level skills for using a dictionary or thesaurus but not the deeper skills for systematically solving semantic errors. To help instructors effectively plan instruction to teach ELLs these skills, this conceptual article introduces a six‐step semantic problem‐solving model for both guiding ELLs in solving semantic choice problems and helping teachers plan instruction. Charts of metalexicographical knowledge, skills, and strategies and of various semantic reference resources with their strengths and weaknesses are included along with a demonstration of how this model can guide ELLs in solving a specific semantic problem. The model in its entirety is most suitable for high school or college ELLs with intermediate proficiency and above. Teachers of younger or lower proficiency learners may simplify this model to gradually build the foundation for systematic semantic problem solving.
There’s No One Way to Be Bilingual: Knowing Students’ Language Practices
Authors: Domke Lisa M. , Cárdenas Curiel Lucía 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEngaging in discussions of texts featuring diverse expressions of bilingualism is important at the elementary level to move away from historical conceptions of bilingualism focused on language proficiency and instead embrace a translanguaging view focused on linguistic practices. To successfully engage in these conversations, understanding bilingualism’s complexities is important. To choose books that reflect students, it is also key to learn more about their language practices, as they are often more complex than what home language surveys may capture. To these ends, the authors present ways to supplement home language surveys and engage students in text discussions about bilingualism (including providing book recommendations and potential discussion questions).
Remote monitoring of rural water systems: A pathway to improved performance and sustainability?
Authors: Thomson Patrick 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe presence of the mobile phone network in rural areas where there is little other infrastructure has opened up the prospect of automatically monitoring rural water systems, something previously possible only in person and perhaps only on foot. The technology to monitor these systems continues to develop: basic systems are now leaving research and being implemented in operational WASH programs; machine learning is making pump failure prediction possible. With the move from the previous infrastructure‐focused community management paradigm, to a service‐delivery approach to rural water, remote monitoring has salience with its potential to inform professional maintenance services. This is not without cost. To justify its use in rural water service delivery remote monitoring must generate benefits for service providers: (1) it must be integrated into management systems, and help redesign them; (2) it must contribute to increases in performance that produce real improvement in outcomes for water users; (3) it must open up new transparent sources of funding previously unavailable to the rural water sector. If remote monitoring can do these three things it has a role to play in achieving SDG 6.1; if not it will join the list of development techno‐fixes that failed to make an impact despite the best of intentions.This article is categorized under:
Human Water > Human Water
Andersson‐Magnéli Phases TinO2n‐1: Recent Progress Inspired by Swedish Scientists
Authors: Zhang Qing , Liu Weiyan , Zhou Yi , Li Junyan , Sun Tu , Liu Qingyuan , Ma Yanhang , Wang Jinghui , Li Jun , Zhao Ruoshi , Sui Yu , Matsumoto Takashi , Muroyama Norihiro , Yamano Akihito , Harris Kenneth D. M. , Shen Zhijian James , Terasaki Osamu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAmong homologous series of metal oxides, Andersson‐Magnéli phases TinO2n‐1 (n=4–10) have attracted renewed scientific attention because of their behaviour in electrical conductivity and chemical/thermal stability. Various applications have also been reported for the phases with different values of n, or slightly reduced rutile (TiO2). The characteristic properties of these materials depend strongly on the compositional deviation from TiO2 and the way in which the structure accommodates the deviation. Thus, an urgent requirement is to overcome difficulties in characterizing such materials at atomic resolution. Here, we trace the discovery of the Andersson‐Magnéli phases, and report the application of recent developments in electron microscopy to reveal the relation, at the local level, between structural characteristics and electronic states, specifically for the materials TinO2n‐1 with n=4–8. The electrical conductivity of Ti4O7 has been reported previously to show three clearly distinct states on decreasing temperature from 300 K. For this reason, we focus on Ti4O7 as a representative example of the TinO2n‐1 phases and report structural characteristics at temperatures corresponding to each of the three different phases, focusing on the distribution of Ti3+ and Ti4+ cations from analysis of single‐crystal XRD data. Electron diffraction experiments and electrical conductivity measurements are also reported.
B d,s → $$ \gamma \mathrm{\ell}\overline{\mathrm{\ell}} $$ decay with an energetic photon
Authors: Beneke Martin , Bobeth Christoph , Wang Yu-Ming 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe calculate the differential branching fraction, lepton forward-backward asymmetry and direct CP asymmetry forBd,s→$$ \gamma \mathrm{\ell}\overline{\mathrm{\ell}} $$γℓℓ¯decays with an energetic photon. We employ factorization methods, which result in rigorous next-to-leading order predic- tions in the strong coupling at leading power in the large-energy/heavy-quark expansion, together with estimates of power corrections and a resonance parameterization of sub- leading power form factors in the region of small lepton invariant massq2. TheBd,s→$$ \gamma \mathrm{\ell}\overline{\mathrm{\ell}} $$γℓℓ¯decay shares features of the charged-current decayBu→$$ \gamma \mathrm{\ell}{\overline{\nu}}_{\mathrm{\ell}} $$γℓν¯ℓ., and the FCNC decaysB→$$ {K}^{\left(\ast \right)}\mathrm{\ell}\overline{\mathrm{\ell}} $$K∗ℓℓ¯. As in the former, the leading-power decay rates can be expressed in terms of theB-meson light-cone distribution amplitude and short-distance factors. However, similar toB →$$ {K}^{\left(\ast \right)}\mathrm{\ell}\overline{\mathrm{\ell}} $$K∗ℓℓ¯, four-quark and dipole operators contribute to theBd,s→$$ \gamma \mathrm{\ell}\overline{\mathrm{\ell}} $$γℓℓ¯decay in an essential way, limiting the calculation toq2≲ 6 GeV2below the charmonium resonances in the lepton invariant mass spectrum. A detailed analysis of the main observables and theoretical uncertainties is presented.
Topological aspects of 4D Abelian lattice gauge theories with the θ parameter
Authors: Honda Masazumi , Tanizaki Yuya 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We study a four-dimensional U(1) gauge theory with the θ angle, which was originally proposed by Cardy and Rabinovici. It is known that the model has the rich phase diagram thanks to the presence of both electrically and magnetically charged particles. We discuss the topological nature of the oblique confinement phase of the model at θ = π, and show how its appearance can be consistent with the anomaly constraint. We also construct the SL(2, ℤ) self-dual theory out of the Cardy-Rabinovici model by gauging a part of its one-form symmetry. This self-duality has a mixed ’t Hooft anomaly with gravity, and its implications on the phase diagram is uncovered. As the model shares the same global symmetry and ’t Hooft anomaly with those of SU(N) Yang-Mills theory, studying its topological aspects would provide us more hints to explore possible dynamics of non-Abelian gauge theories with nonzero θ angles.
Solar neutrino probes of the muon anomalous magnetic moment in the gauged $$ \mathrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\mu }-{L}_{\tau }} $$
Authors: Amaral D. W. P. , Cerdeño D. G. , Foldenauer P. , Reid E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractModels of gauged$$ \mathrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\mu }-{L}_{\tau }} $$U1Lμ−Lτcan provide a solution to the long-standing discrepancy between the theoretical prediction for the muon anomalous magnetic moment and its measured value. The extra contribution is due to a new light vector mediator, which also helps to alleviate an existing tension in the determination of the Hubble parameter. In this article, we explore ways to probe this solution via the scattering of solar neutrinos with electrons and nuclei in a range of experiments and considering high and low solar metallicity scenarios. In particular, we reevaluate Borexino constraints on neutrino-electron scattering, finding them to be more stringent than previously reported, and already excluding a part of the (g −2)μexplanation with mediator masses smaller than 2×10−2GeV. We then show that future direct dark matter detectors will be able to probe most of the remaining solution. Due to its large exposure, LUX-ZEPLIN will explore regions with mediator masses up to 5×10−2GeV and DARWIN will be able to extend the search beyond 10−1GeV, thereby covering most of the area compatible with (g −2)μ. For completeness, we have also computed the constraints derived from the recent XENON1T electron recoil search and from the CENNS-10 LAr detector, showing that none of them excludes new areas of the parameter space. Should the excess in the muon anomalous magnetic moment be confirmed, our work suggests that direct detection experiments could provide crucial information with which to test the$$ \mathrm{U}{(1)}_{L_{\mu }-{L}_{\tau }} $$U1Lμ−Lτsolution, complementary to efforts in neutrino experiments and accelerators.
Mixed scalar-current bootstrap in three dimensions
Authors: Reehorst Marten , Trevisani Emilio , Vichi Alessandro 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We study the mixed system of correlation functions involving a scalar field charged under a global U(1) symmetry and the associated conserved spin-1 current Jμ. Using numerical bootstrap techniques we obtain bounds on new observables not accessible in the usual scalar bootstrap. We then specialize to the O(2) model and extract rigorous bounds on the three-point function coefficient of two currents and the unique relevant scalar singlet, as well as those of two currents and the stress tensor. Using these results, and comparing with a quantum Monte Carlo simulation of the O(2) model conductivity, we give estimates of the thermal one-point function of the relevant singlet and the stress tensor. We also obtain new bounds on operators in various sectors.
Feebly coupled vector boson dark matter in effective theory
Authors: Barman Basabendu , Bhattacharya Subhaditya , Grzadkowski Bohdan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A model of dark matter (DM) that communicates with the Standard Model (SM) exclusively through suppressed dimension five operator is discussed. The SM is augmented with a symmetry U(1)X ⊗ Z2, where U(1)X is gauged and broken spontaneously by a very heavy decoupled scalar. The massive U(1)X vector boson (Xμ) is stabilized being odd under unbroken Z2 and therefore may contribute as the DM component of the universe. Dark sector field strength tensor Xμν couples to the SM hypercharge tensor Bμν via the presence of a heavier Z2 odd real scalar Φ, i.e. 1/Λ XμνBμνΦ, with Λ being a scale of new physics. The freeze-in production of the vector boson dark matter feebly coupled to the SM is advocated in this analysis. Limitations of the so-called UV freeze-in mechanism that emerge when the maximum reheat temperature TRH drops down close to the scale of DM mass are discussed. The parameter space of the model consistent with the observed DM abundance is determined. The model easily and naturally avoids both direct and indirect DM searches. Possibility for detection at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is also considered. A Stueckelberg formulation of the model is derived.
Five-brane webs, Higgs branches and unitary/orthosymplectic magnetic quivers
Authors: Akhond Mohammad , Carta Federico , Dwivedi Siddharth , Hayashi Hirotaka , Kim Sung-Soo , Yagi Futoshi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We study the Higgs branch of 5d superconformal theories engineered from brane webs with orientifold five-planes. We propose a generalization of the rules to derive magnetic quivers from brane webs pioneered in [1], by analyzing theories that can be described with a brane web with and without O5 planes. Our proposed magnetic quivers include novel features, such as hypermultiplets transforming in the fundamental-fundamental representation of two gauge nodes, antisymmetric matter, and ℤ2 gauge nodes. We test our results by computing the Coulomb and Higgs branch Hilbert series of the magnetic quivers obtained from the two distinct constructions and find agreement in all cases.
Bose–Einstein Condensation Beyond the Gross–Pitaevskii Regime
Authors: Adhikari Arka , Brennecke Christian , Schlein Benjamin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe consider N bosons in a box with volume one, interacting through a two-body potential with scattering length of the order $$N^{-1+\kappa }$$

N

-
1
+
κ

, for $$\kappa >0$$

κ
>
0

. Assuming that $$\kappa \in (0;1/43)$$

κ
∈
(
0
;
1
/
43
)

, we show that low-energy states exhibit Bose–Einstein condensation and we provide bounds on the expectation and on higher moments of the number of excitations.
Lessons from a GWAS study of a wheat pre-breeding program: pyramiding resistance alleles to Fusarium crown rot
Authors: Malosetti Marcos , Zwep Laura B. , Forrest Kerrie , van Eeuwijk Fred A. , Dieters Mark 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMuch has been published on QTL detection for complex traits using bi-parental and multi-parental crosses (linkage analysis) or diversity panels (GWAS studies). While successful for detection, transferability of results to real applications has proven more difficult. Here, we combined a QTL detection approach using a pre-breeding populations which utilized intensive phenotypic selection for the target trait across multiple plant generations, combined with rapid generation turnover (i.e. “speed breeding”) to allow cycling of multiple plant generations each year. The reasoning is that QTL mapping information would complement the selection process by identifying the genome regions under selection within the relevant germplasm. Questions to answer were the location of the genomic regions determining response to selection and the origin of the favourable alleles within the pedigree. We used data from a pre-breeding program that aimed at pyramiding different resistance sources to Fusarium crown rot into elite (but susceptible) wheat backgrounds. The population resulted from a complex backcrossing scheme involving multiple resistance donors and multiple elite backgrounds, akin to a MAGIC population (985 genotypes in total, with founders, and two major offspring layers within the pedigree). A significant increase in the resistance level was observed (i.e. a positive response to selection) after the selection process, and 17 regions significantly associated with that response were identified using a GWAS approach. Those regions included known QTL as well as potentially novel regions contributing resistance to Fusarium crown rot. In addition, we were able to trace back the sources of the favourable alleles for each QTL. We demonstrate that QTL detection using breeding populations under selection for the target trait can identify QTL controlling the target trait and that the frequency of the favourable alleles was increased as a response to selection, thereby validating the QTL detected. This is a valuable opportunistic approach that can provide QTL information that is more easily transferred to breeding applications.