bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interplay of non-convex quadratically constrained problems with adjustable robust optimization
Authors: Bomze Immanuel , Gabl Markus 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper we explore convex reformulation strategies for non-convex quadratically constrained optimization problems (QCQPs). First we investigate such reformulations using Pataki’s rank theorem iteratively. We show that the result can be used in conjunction with conic optimization duality in order to obtain a geometric condition for the S-procedure to be exact. Based upon known results on the S-procedure, this approach allows for some insight into the geometry of the joint numerical range of the quadratic forms. Then we investigate a reformulation strategy introduced in recent literature for bilinear optimization problems which is based on adjustable robust optimization theory. We show that, via a similar strategy, one can leverage exact reformulation results of QCQPs in order to derive lower bounds for more complicated quadratic optimization problems. Finally, we investigate the use of reformulation strategies in order to derive characterizations of set-copositive matrix cones. Empirical evidence based upon first numerical experiments shows encouraging results.
Extending Landau-Ginzburg Models to the Point
Authors: Carqueville Nils , Montoya Flavio Montiel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe classify framed and oriented 2-1-0-extended TQFTs with values in the bicategories of Landau-Ginzburg models, whose objects and 1-morphisms are isolated singularities and (either $$\mathbb {Z}_2$$

Z
2

- or $$(\mathbb {Z}_2 \times \mathbb {Q})$$

(

Z
2

×
Q
)

-graded) matrix factorisations, respectively. For this we present the relevant symmetric monoidal structures and find that every object $$W\in \mathbb {k}[x_1,\dots ,x_n]$$

W
∈
k
[

x
1

,
⋯
,

x
n

]

determines a framed extended TQFT. We then compute the Serre automorphisms $$S_W$$

S
W

to show that W determines an oriented extended TQFT if the associated category of matrix factorisations is $$(n-2)$$

(
n
-
2
)

-Calabi-Yau. The extended TQFTs we construct from W assign the non-separable Jacobi algebra of W to a circle. This illustrates how non-separable algebras can appear in 2-1-0-extended TQFTs, and more generally that the question of extendability depends on the choice of target category. As another application, we show how the construction of the extended TQFT based on $$W=x^{N+1}$$

W
=

x

N
+
1

given by Khovanov and Rozansky can be derived directly from the cobordism hypothesis.
Experimental and simulation of C45 steel bar heat treatment with the GTAW method application
Authors: Kulawik Adam , Wróbel Joanna , Sobiepański Michał 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe motivation of the paper is an attempt to indicate the relationship between the selected Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) technology and the parameters of the boundary conditions for the simulation of the heat treatment process of elements made of medium-carbon steel. The authors of the paper prepared and described a series of numerical simulations and experimental studies concerning this problem. Simulations often use previously-developed analytical equations to describe the relationships between process parameters. The results obtained for the input data for determining the heat source power (voltage) from the analytical equation and experimental measurements were compared. Several cases of the size of the areas of direct influence of the GTAW arc (various radius of a simulation heat source) were analysed. All computations were performed in the author’s software based on Finite Element Method (FEM) solving the heat transfer equation with the convection term. In this paper, the GTAW heating parameters (boundary condition) for a current intensity equal 30 A were identified. With the assumed arc efficiency coefficient, the arc voltage set on the device and the measured value of the arc current, the optimum radius of the heat source was determined. The identification of parameters was confirmed by the convergence of the results of numerical simulation in three-dimensional space (3D) with the results of the experiment. Unfortunately, the applied methodology did not give good results for current equal to 50A.
Thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke patients with isolated distal internal carotid artery occlusion: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Hoving Jan W. , Kappelhof Manon , Schembri Mark , Emmer Bart J. , Berkhemer Olvert A. , Groot Adrien E. D. , Dippel Diederik W. J. , van Zwam Wim H. , Coutinho Jonathan M. , Marquering Henk A. , Majoie Charles B. L. M. , van den Berg René ,   for the MR CLEAN Registry Investigators
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Acute stroke patients presenting with a distal internal carotid artery occlusion and patent carotid terminus, allowing for collateral flow via the circle of Willis, may have a more favorable natural history. Therefore, benefit of endovascular treatment (EVT) is less evident. We performed an exploratory analysis of EVT results compared to conservative treatment in patients with ‘carotid-I’ occlusions.

Methods
We report on EVT-treated and non-EVT-treated patients with carotid-I occlusions from the MR CLEAN Registry, MR CLEAN trial, and our comprehensive stroke center. CT-angiography was reviewed on primary collateral patency and choroid plexus enhancement. Perfusion deficits were assessed on CT-perfusion (CTP). Clot migration was assessed by comparing clot location on baseline CTA to its location on periprocedural digital subtraction angiography. Outcomes included 90-day functional independence (mRS 0–2), successful reperfusion and mortality.

Results
We included 51 patients. Forty-one patients received EVT, ten patients did not. Intravenous thrombolysis was administered in 32 (78%) EVT-treated patients and 6 (60%) non-EVT-treated patients. CTP, available for 17 patients, showed hypoperfusion on cerebral blood flow maps in 13 (76%) patients. Successful reperfusion after EVT occurred in 23 (56%), and clot migration in 8 patients (20%). Functional independence was achieved in 54% (21/39) of EVT-treated and in 10% (1/10) of non-EVT-treated patients. Mortality was 26% (10/39) and 30% (3/10), respectively. Anterior choroidal artery patency and choroid plexus enhancement were positively associated with functional independence.

Conclusion
In our population, data suggest improved outcomes after EVT in carotid-I occlusion patients and provide no arguments to withhold EVT in these patients.
Characterization of Agrobacterium tumefaciens PPKs reveals the formation of oligophosphorylated products up to nucleoside nona-phosphates
Authors: Frank Celina , Teleki Attila , Jendrossek Dieter 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Agrobacterium tumefaciens synthesizes polyphosphate (polyP) in the form of one or two polyP granules per cell during growth. The A. tumefaciens genome codes for two polyphosphate kinase genes, ppk1AT and ppk2AT, of which only ppk1AT is essential for polyP granule formation in vivo. Biochemical characterization of the purified PPK1AT and PPK2AT proteins revealed a higher substrate specificity of PPK1AT (in particular for adenine nucleotides) than for PPK2AT. In contrast, PPK2AT accepted all nucleotides at comparable rates. Most interestingly, PPK2AT catalyzed also the formation of tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, and octa-phosphorylated nucleosides from guanine, cytosine, desoxy-thymidine, and uridine nucleotides and even nona-phosphorylated adenosine. Our data—in combination with in vivo results—suggest that PPK1AT is important for the formation of polyP whereas PPK2AT has the function to replenish nucleoside triphosphate pools during times of enhanced demand. The potential physiological function(s) of the detected oligophosphorylated nucleotides await clarification.

Key points
•PPK1ATand PPK2AThave different substrate specificities,
•PPK2ATis a subgroup 1 member of PPK2s,
•PPK2ATcatalyzes the formation of polyphosphorylated nucleosides
Esophageal Lipoma and Liposarcoma: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ferrari Davide , Bernardi Daniele , Siboni Stefano , Lazzari Veronica , Asti Emanuele , Bonavina Luigi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundEsophageal lipomatous tumors, also reported as fibrovascular polyp, fibrolipoma, angiolipoma, and liposarcoma, account for less than 1% of all benign mesenchymal submucosal tumors of the esophagus. Clinical presentation and therapy may differ based on location, size, and morphology. A comprehensive and updated systematic review of the literature is lacking.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, and Medline databases were consulted using MESH keywords. Non‐English written articles and abstracts were excluded. Sex, age, symptoms at presentation, diagnosis, tumor location and size, surgical approach and technique of excision, pathology, and morphology were extracted and recorded in an electronic database.ResultsSixty‐seven studies for a total of 239 patients with esophageal lipoma or liposarcoma were included in the qualitative analysis. Among 176 patients with benign lipoma, the median age was 55. The main symptoms were dysphagia (64.2%), transoral polyp regurgitation (32.4%), and globus sensation (22.7%). The majority of lipomas (85.7%) were intraluminal polyps, with a stalk originating from the upper esophagus. Overall, 165 patients underwent excision of the mass through open surgery (65.5%), endoscopy (27.9%), or laparoscopy/thoracoscopy (3.6%). Only 5 (3%) of patients required esophagectomy. Of the 11 untreated patients with an intraluminal polyp, 7 died from asphyxia. Overall, liposarcoma was diagnosed in 63 patients, and 12 (19%) underwent esophagectomy.ConclusionEsophageal lipomatous tumors are rare but potentially lethal when are intraluminal and originate from the cervical esophagus. Modern radiological imaging has improved diagnostic accuracy. Minimally invasive transoral and laparoscopic/thoracoscopic techniques represent the therapeutic approach of choice.
A Snapshot of the International Views of the Treatment of Rectal Cancer Patients, a Multi‐regional Survey: International Tendencies in Rectal Cancer
Authors: Caycedo‐Marulanda Antonio , Patel Sunil V. , Verschoor Chris P. , Uscategui Johanna P. , Chadi Sami A. , Moeslein Gabriela , Chand Manish , Maeda Yasuko , Monson John R. T. , Wexner Steven D. , Mayol Julio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundManagement of rectal cancer has a number of potentially appropriate alternatives for each patient. Despite acceptance of standards, practices may vary among regions. There is significant paucity of data in this area. The objective was to create a snapshot of the regional differences.DesignThis online survey included 10 questions. Enquiries focused on controversial topics, on surgeon and hospital volume, surgical margins, appropriateness of surgical approaches and techniques, watch‐and‐wait strategies, and total neoadjuvant therapy. Major colorectal surgery societies around the world were asked to invite their members to complete the survey.Outcome MeasuresFrequency of responses across regions within each question was compared by Fisher's exact test.ResultsSeven hundred and fifty‐three participants from 60 countries responded. Eight regions were identified, and four had sufficient representation for comparisons. Similarities and differences in the therapies among these regions were identified. Robotic surgery penetrance is higher in North America, and watch and wait is more accepted in South America. Patients in Oceania are more likely to be diverted; Europe has more usage of taTME.DiscussionThis online survey was practical as a mean to provide a rapid assessment of the international picture on consistency and variability of rectal cancer patients’ care, and to potentially identify opportunities to standardized care to patients. Medical surveys have inherent limitations; pertinence to our study is selection bias.ConclusionsThe management of rectal cancer varies among different regions. Identification of differences is important when considering global efforts to improve management and interpret data.
Werbung oder Information in der Ophthalmologie?
Authors: Schrenk Kilian , Khoramnia Ramin , Feltgen Nicolas , Bachmann Werner , Ziemssen Focke , Rohrbach Jens Martin , Dimopoulos Spyridon 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrundTrotz der Liberalisierung des Heilmittelwerbegesetzes ist anpreisende, irreführende oder vergleichende Werbung nach wie vor berufswidrig. Angesichts des zunehmenden Engagements von Finanzinvestoren und der Ökonomisierung in der Augenheilkunde sollte diese Arbeit prüfen, welche Aussagen in offen zugänglichen Videos der YouTube-Plattform getroffen werden.MethodeMit den Suchbegriffen „Augenarzt“, „Augenärztin“ und „Augenzentrum“ sowie vordefinierten Kriterien (deutsche Herkunft, Audiospur mit Text, Dauer >1 min) wurden Videos identifiziert und in eine anonymisierte Textform transkribiert. Mittels eines eigens entwickelten Fragebogens wurden die Einzelaussagen daraufhin einer kritischen Prüfung durch jeweils 3 Experten unterzogen sowie Klarheit, Relevanz und Vollständigkeit bewertet. Parallel wurden Laien abgefragt, wie überzeugend, verständlich und vollständig sie die Informationen bewerten und ob sie sich von den Ärzten behandeln lassen würden.ErgebnisseVon 68 Videos erfüllten 30 die definierten Einschlusskriterien; 46 % der Videos thematisierten Verfahren der refraktiven Chirurgie. Aus Sicht der Experten waren mindestens 11,8 % der Einzelaussagen vollständig falsch oder wenig korrekt. Über 80 % der Filme stellten Informationen unvollständig dar. So wurden z. B. peri- und postoperative Komplikationen nur von 3 Filmen angesprochen. Laien bewerteten die Texte recht uneinheitlich und konnten nicht die Videos identifizieren, die aus Sicht der ophthalmologischen Fachärzte problematische Aussagen enthielten. Es wurden Konflikte mit den rechtlichen Anforderungen an Werbung z. B. in der Verwendung entsprechender Superlative festgestellt. Eine ausgewogene Darstellung wie Alternativen zu den Behandlungsverfahren war kaum enthalten, die Verständlichkeit für Laien war verbesserungswürdig.SchlussfolgerungenNur eine geringe Anzahl frei zugänglicher Videos bot aktuelle, wissenschaftlich fundierte und korrekte Informationen. Bisher berücksichtigen nur wenige Augenärzte die juristischen und moralischen Anforderungen an werbende Aussagen. Daher ergeben sich möglicherweise negative Auswirkungen auf das Berufsbild in der Öffentlichkeit, und Chancen zur Gesundheitsförderung bleiben ungenutzt.
Bisociative Literature-Based Discovery: Lessons Learned and New Word Embedding Approach
Authors: Lavrač Nada , Martinc Matej , Pollak Senja , Pompe Novak Maruša , Cestnik Bojan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe field of bisociative literature-based discovery aims at mining scientific literature to reveal yet uncovered connections between different fields of specialization. This paper outlines several outlier-based literature mining approaches to bridging term detection and the lessons learned from selected biomedical literature-based discovery applications. The paper addresses also new prospects in bisociative literature-based discovery, proposing an advanced embeddings-based technology for cross-domain literature mining.
Partial ex-post verifiability and unique implementation of social choice functions
Authors: Matsushima Hitoshi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the unique implementation of a social choice function in iterative dominance in the ex-post term. We assume partial ex-post verifiability; that is, after determining an allocation, the central planner can observe partial information about the state as verifiable. We demonstrate a condition of the state space, termed “full detection,” and show that with full detection, any social choice function is uniquely implementable even if the information that can be verified ex-post is very limited. To prove this, we construct a dynamic mechanism according to which each player announces his (or her) private signal, before the other players observe this signal, at an earlier stage, and each player also announces the state at a later stage. In this construction, we can impose several severe restrictions such as boundedness, permission of only tiny transfers off the equilibrium path, and no permission of transfers on the equilibrium path. This study does not assume either expected utility or quasi-linearity.
Daily and meal-based assessment of dairy and corresponding protein intake in Switzerland: results from the National Nutrition Survey menuCH
Authors: Inanir Dilara , Kaelin Ivo , Pestoni Giulia , Faeh David , Mueller Nadina , Rohrmann Sabine , Sych Janice 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Dairy contributes to daily protein and provides important minerals and vitamins. Using data of the National Nutrition Survey in Switzerland (menuCH), we aimed to describe intakes of dairy and its subcategories, to compare daily and per-meal dairy protein with total protein intake, and to investigate associations between energy-standardized dairy intake and sociodemographic, lifestyle and anthropometric factors.

Methods
From two 24-h dietary recalls, anthropometric measurements, and a lifestyle questionnaire from a representative sample (n = 2057, 18–75 years), we calculated daily and energy-standardized means and standard error of the means for dairy, its subcategories (milk, yoghurt and cheese), and compared daily and per-meal dairy protein with total protein intake. Associations were investigated between dairy intake (g/1000 kcal) and sociodemographic, lifestyle and anthropometric factors by multivariable linear regression.

Results
Dairy intake provided 16.3 g/day protein with cheese contributing highest amounts (9.9 g/day). Dairy protein intake was highest at dinner (6.3 g/day) followed by breakfast, lunch and snacks (4.3, 3.3 and 2.4 g/day, respectively). Per meal, total protein reached the amounts suggested for improving protein synthesis only at dinner and lunch (33.1 and 28.3 g/day, respectively). Energy-standardized dairy intake was 20.7 g/1000 kcal higher for women than men (95% CI 13.2; 28.1), 24.3 g/1000 kcal lower in the French than German-speaking region (95% CI − 32.4; − 16.1), and also significantly associated with nationality, household type and smoking status.

Conclusion
This first description of dairy consumption is an important basis for developing meal-specific recommendations, aimed to optimize dairy and protein intake especially for older adults.
Microbial neoformation of volatiles: implications for the estimation of post-mortem interval in decomposed human remains in an indoor setting
Authors: Ceciliason Ann-Sofie , Andersson M. Gunnar , Lundin Emma , Sandler Håkan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine if a relationship between microbial neoformation of volatiles and the post-mortem interval (PMI) exists, and if the volatiles could be used as a tool to improve the precision of PMI estimation in decomposed human remains found in an indoor setting. Chromatograms from alcohol analysis (femoral vein blood) of 412 cases were retrospectively assessed for the presence of ethanol, N-propanol, 1-butanol, and acetaldehyde. The most common finding was acetaldehyde (83% of the cases), followed by ethanol (37%), N-propanol (21%), and 1-butanol (4%). A direct link between the volatiles and the PMI or the degree of decomposition was not observed. However, the decomposition had progressed faster in cases with microbial neoformation than in cases without signs of neoformation. Microbial neoformation may therefore act as an indicator of the decomposition rate within the early decomposition to bloating stages. This may be used in PMI estimation based on the total body score (TBS) and accumulated degree days (ADD) model, to potentially improve the model’s precision.
Minimally invasive esophagectomy: clinical evidence and surgical techniques
Authors: Mann C. , Berlth F. , Hadzijusufovic E. , Lang H. , Grimminger P. P. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Surgical esophagectomy plays a crucial role in the curative and palliative treatment of esophageal cancer. Thereby, minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) is increasingly applied all over the world. Combining minimal invasiveness with improved possibilities for meticulous dissection, robot-assisted minimal invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) has been implemented in many centers.

Purpose
This review focuses on the development of MIE as well as RAMIE and their value based on evidence in current literature.

Conclusion
Although MIE and RAMIE are highly complex procedures, they can be performed safely with improved postoperative outcome and equal oncological results compared with open esophagectomy (OE). RAMIE offers additional advantages regarding surgical dissection, lymphadenectomy, and extended indications for advanced tumors.
Spatial–numerical associations in the presence of an avatar
Authors: Böffel C. , Herbst C. , Lindemann O. , Müsseler J. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhen we interact with other people or avatars, they often provide an alternative spatial frame of reference compared to our own. Previous studies introduced avatars into stimulus–response compatibility tasks and demonstrated compatibility effects as if the participant was viewing the task from the avatar’s point of view. However, the origin of this effect of perspective taking remained unclear. To distinguish changes in stimulus coding from changes in response coding, caused by the avatar, two experiments were conducted that combined a SNARC task and a spontaneous visual perspective taking task to specify the role of response coding. We observed compatibility effects that were based on the avatar’s perspective rather than the participants’ own. Because number magnitude was independent of the avatar’s perspective, the observed changes in compatibility caused by different perspectives indicate changes in response coding. These changes in response coding are only significant when they are accompanied by visual action effects.
Four-Quark States from Functional Methods
Authors: Eichmann Gernot , Fischer Christian S. , Heupel Walter , Santowsky Nico , Wallbott Paul C. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this feature article we summarise and highlight aspects of the treatment of four-quark states with functional methods. Model approaches to those exotic mesons almost inevitably have to assume certain internal structures, e.g. by grouping quarks and antiquarks into (anti-)diquark clusters or heavy-light $$q{\bar{q}}$$

q

q

¯

pairs. Functional methods using Dyson–Schwinger and Bethe–Salpeter equations can be formulated without such prejudice and therefore have the potential to put these assumptions to test and discriminate between such models. So far, functional methods have been used to study the light scalar-meson sector and the heavy-light sector with a pair of charmed and a pair of light quarks in different quantum number channels. For all these states, the dominant components in terms of internal two-body clustering have been identified. It turns out that chiral symmetry breaking plays an important role for the dominant clusters in the light meson sector (in particular for the scalar mesons) and that this property is carried over to the heavy-light sector. Diquark-antidiquark components, on the other hand, turn out to be almost negligible for most states with the exception of open-charm heavy-light exotics.