bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Children: 2009–2018
Authors: Sahota Amandeep K. , Shapiro Warren L. , Newton Kimberly P. , Kim Steven T. , Chung Joanie , Schwimmer Jeffrey B. 
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
In 2007, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended that children with obesity should be screened for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Population epidemiology reveals that NAFLD is common in children; however, little is known about rates of clinical diagnosis. In this study, we aim to determine screening practices, annual incidence, and clinical characteristics of NAFLD in children within an integrated community health system.

METHODS:
Using electronic health records, we identified patients newly diagnosed (aged 5–18) with NAFLD on the basis of diagnostic codes from the 9th and 10th revisions of the International Classification of Diseases. We calculated screening rates and annual incidence rates of NAFLD from January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2018.

RESULTS:
In this study, we evaluated 7 884 844 patient-years. Screening was performed in 54.0% of children with obesity and 24.0% of children with overweight. The results revealed 36 658 children aged 9 to 18 with overweight or obesity and alanine aminotransferase &gt;30 U/L. Of these children, 12.3% received further workup for NAFLD. The incidence of an NAFLD diagnosis significantly increased over time, with 36.0 per 100 000 in 2009 and 58.2 per 100 000 in 2018 (P &lt; .0001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study of a large integrated health care system in southern California revealed that the incidence of NAFLD in children is increasing, although many children may remain undiagnosed.
DNA-type results of Landrace sows for RYR1-gene and its association with productivity
Authors: Tsereniuk O. M. , Bobrytska O. M. , Miroshnikova O. S. , Danchuk O. V. 
Published: November 2020

Recently the assessment of QTL genes has been a relevant focus of research. Among other genes, the RYR1 is one of the most important. Research on this gene for Landrace sows of Ukrainian selection has been insufficient. This fact confirms the need for our work. A total of 63 Landrace sows from different families were evaluated by reproductive qualities for two generations. A comprehensive assessment of the sows’ reproductive ability was performed using the SIRQS-index. Determination of polymorphism in the RYR1 gene in pigs was performed by using DNA-typing of animals. Genetic potential was calculated between two generations “mother-daughter”. By assessment of polymorphism of the RYR1 gene, it was found that 6.3% of the Landrace sows were the carriers for the mutant allele of the RYR1 gene. No animals with the RYR1nn genotype were detected. Accordingly, animals with the RYR1NN genotype accounted for 93.6%. The frequency of the N allele of the RYR1 gene was 0.97, the n frequency of the RYR1 gene allele was 0.03. Sows with RYR1NN genotype had a higher level of reproductive ability compared to the RYR1Nn genotype. RYR1NN genotype also had a higher level of genetic potential. The greatest progress was established between generations of Landrace sows which were carriers for the mutant allele. The highest values of this progress were by the NBA, the lowest – by the NW. On the contrary, there was regression between populations for part of the population (Landrace sows of Ukrainian selection of RYR1Nn genotype) by the all estimated indicators of reproductive ability. Sows that were free of the mutant allele of the RYR-1 gene had high SIRQS index. The phenotypic consolidation coefficients by the NBA were lower for sows free of the mutant allele than for its carrier. The advantage of sows free of the mutant allele of the RYR-1 gene over its carrier sows was established in almost all assessed indicators of reproductive ability. No significant differences in the level of consolidation of reproductive ability between sows with different allelic variants of the RYR-1 gene were established. The higher productive level of sows with RYR1NN genotype is reflected in the indicators of economic efficiency of production. It allows higher levels of profitability to be obtained and net profit to be increased by 1093 UAH compared to sows with RYR1Nn genotype. The further monitoring of the studied gene and the gradual elimination of carriers of the mutant allele is a promising direction in breeding work.
Genetic analysis of morphological traits of the spike and reproductivity elements of speltoid chemomutant Triticum aestivum
Authors: Yakymchuk R. А. , Sobolenko L. Y. , Sorokina S. І. 
Published: November 2020

Long use of the methods of direct intraspecies hybridization in the selective breeding of varieties of Triticum aestivum L. has led to narrowing of their gene fund and close similarity of the genetic potential of their selective breeding traits. Using the method of experimental mutagenesis, one can induce systemic mutants with features of other hexaploid Triticum species which can freely cross-breed with other hybridization offspring, contributing to extension of genetic potential of cultivated wheat and creation of varieties with new levels of manifestation of economically beneficial traits. We studied the pattern of inheritance of morphological traits of the ear, length of the stem and the elements of productivity of speltoid chemomutant of T. aestivum. For the genetic analysis we used hybrids F1 and F2 of soft wheat obtained by cross-breeding speltoid macromutant (Smuhlianka speltoid), induced by the impact of aqueous solution of N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU) in the concentration of 0.025% on the seeds of Smuhlianka variety, with plants of Smuhlianka variety (Erythrospermum variety) and Podoloanka (Lutescens variety). To determine the pattern of inheritance the spike morphology, length of the stem and the elements of productivity in F1 hybrids, we calculated the extent of phenotype domination. In populations of F2, we examined plants with different combinations of phenotype manifestation of ear morphology. In F1 hybrids, the speltoid shape of the ear, absence of awns and red colour of the glumes indicated the dominant pattern of inheritance. The high level of phenotype domination of length of the stem and ear, number of spikelets in the main ear indicates the inheritance of the features according to intermediate, partly dominant and over-dominant types. Taking into account the segregation according to the features of spike morphology, awnedness and colour of glumes, the plants of F2 population were divided into phenotype classes, that is 12 and 6 in the combinations of respectively Smuhlianka speltoid × Smuhlianka and Smuhlianka speltoid × Podolianka. We determined that the obtained results are the consequences of dihybrid linkage which corresponds to the theoretical proportion of 12 : 3 : 1. Segregation into non-aristate and aristate plants corresponds to the proportion of monogene segregation of 3 : 1. Within separately distinguished phenotype classes, no independent inheritance of the shape of the ear and awnedness was observed. Dihybrid segregation of F2 plants into speltoid, squarehead and varieties Lutescence/Erythrospermum with quantitative superiority of speltoid plants suggests the control of the trait by two non-allele genes with epistatic interaction. The red colour of the glumes indicates the dominant monogenic pattern of inheritance. Absence of independent inheritance of the shape of the ear and awnedness indicates localization of genes which determine these features in one chromosome.
Approach to the concept of employability and its indicators
Authors: Bohórquez Arévalo Luz Esperanza , Sierra Contreras Alix Xiomara 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: This review article is the product of the research project Observatory for Labor Insertion and Strengthening of Employability in Countries of the Alliance of the Pacific (Emple-AP), developed at the Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas in 2019. The aim of the project is to contribute to improving employability rates and the creation of a regional observatory.
Problem: Employability is a complex social construct [1] [2], which varies depending on factors such as the actors involved and the focus emphasis.
Objective: Build the concept of employability for the Emple-AP project, and, according to this, derive the indicators following the guidelines established for the creation of the employability observatory.
Methodology: The construction of the concept is supported in the ontology design and validation of the results is performed by a panel of experts.
Results: The results of the literature review regarding the concepts and employability rates are presented, followed by the design of the ontology and the employability construct that branches from it. Finally, employability indicators are designed and verified by the expert panel.
Conclusion: Employability is defined according to the context in which it is immersed.
Originality: Construct development under ontology design facilitates semantic heterogeneity problems, because it provides a conceptually shared language to represent information.
Limitations: The construct is so complex and wide that it is necessary to perform several iterations under specialized methodologies until it is perfected.
Construction and Application of Cloud Platform for Urban Rail Transit
Authors: Li Shun 
Published: November 2020

<p>Rail transit is a new form of transportation in the process of modern urban development. It has a far-reaching impact on improving urban traffic environment, relieving urban traffic pressure and improving urban traffic service quality. The rail transit cloud platform is an important part of modern rail transit, and it is also a key factor related to the construction quality of urban rail transit. In this paper, the current situation of construction and application of urban rail transit cloud platform are introduced in detail, and the related standard compilation of urban rail transit cloud platform, achievements in the development and construction process, construction mode, index establishment, acceptance process optimization, cloud operation and maintenance system establishment and other issues are systematically expounded. According to the technical drive and standard compilation of urban rail transit cloud platform, the development of urban rail transit cloud platform is prospected.</p>
The Metric Dimension and Local Metric Dimension of Relative Prime Graph
Authors: Kuswandari Inna , Fatmawati Fatmawati , Utoyo Mohammad Imam 
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine the value of metric dimensions and local metric dimensions of relative prime graphs formed from modulo integer rings, namely . As a vertex set is and if and are relatively prime. By finding the pattern elements of resolving set and local resolving set, it can be shown the value of the metric dimension and the local metric dimension of graphs are and respectively, where is the number of vertices groups that formed multiple 2,3, … , and is the cardinality of set . This research can be developed by determining the value of the fractional metric dimension, local fractional metric dimension and studying the advanced properties of graphs related to their forming rings.Key Words : metric dimension; modulo ; relative prime graph; resolving set; rings.
The Relation between Individual Characteristics and Job Stress in PT. PAL Indonesia
Authors: Pratiwi Siti Hardiyanti Putri , Martiana Tri , Arini Shintia Yunita 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Quality Assurance and Quality Control Division workers are challenged by various mental and physical pressures that might trigger job stress. Many factors contribute to job stress, one of them is the individual factor. This study’s purpose was to examine and analyze whether or not there was a relation between the individual characteristic factors and job stress at PT. PAL Indonesia (Quality Assurance and Quality Control Division). Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study. This research had a population of 49 people. The sample was counted using a simple random sampling method and 44 people were obtained as samples. This study’s independent variables were individual characteristics (working period, age, sex, and marital status) and job stress as the dependent variable. Data collection methods for this study were interviews with a questionnaire guide. The data analysis technique used was Fisher's Exact. Results: The result of Fisher Exact statistical test showed that there was not any relation between working period and job stress (p = 0.170), age and job stress (p = 0.456), gender and job stress (p = 0.290), marital status and job stress (p = 1,000). Conclusion: It can be concluded that individual characteristics has no significant relationship with job stress on employees of the Quality Assurance and Quality Control division of PT. PAL Indonesia (Persero). Keywords: individual characteristics, job stress, quality assurance and quality control division
Physical Health Symptoms and Hurricane Katrina: Individual Trajectories of Development and Recovery More Than a Decade After the Storm
Authors: Zacher Meghan , Raker Ethan J. , Arcaya Mariana C. , Lowe Sarah R. , Rhodes Jean , Waters Mary C. 
Published: November 2020

Objectives. To examine how physical health symptoms developed and resolved in response to Hurricane Katrina. Methods. We used data from a 2003 to 2018 study of young, low-income mothers who were living in New Orleans, Louisiana, when Hurricane Katrina struck in 2005 (n = 276). We fit logistic regressions to model the odds of first reporting or “developing” headaches or migraines, back problems, and digestive problems, and of experiencing remission or “recovery” from previously reported symptoms, across surveys. Results. The prevalence of each symptom increased after Hurricane Katrina, but the odds of developing symptoms shortly before versus after the storm were comparable. The number of traumatic experiences endured during Hurricane Katrina increased the odds of developing back and digestive problems just after the hurricane. Headaches or migraines and back problems that developed shortly after Hurricane Katrina were more likely to resolve than those that developed just before the storm. Conclusions. While traumatic experiences endured in disasters such as Hurricane Katrina appear to prompt the development of new physical symptoms, disaster-induced symptoms may be less likely to persist or become chronic than those emerging for other reasons.
Orthopaedic Surgeon Brain Radiation During Fluoroscopy
Authors: Ramoutar Darryl Nilesh , Thakur Yogesh , Batta Vineet , Chung Vivian , Liu Danmei , Guy Pierre 
Published: November 2020

Background:
The aims of this study were to quantify exposure of the surgeon’s brain to radiation during short cephalomedullary (SC) nailing, to extrapolate lifetime dose, and to determine the effects of personal protective equipment (PPE) on brain dose.

Methods:
Two cadaveric specimens were used: (1) a whole cadaveric body representing the patient, with a left nail inserted to act as the scatter medium, and (2) an isolated head-and-neck cadaveric specimen representing a surgeon, with radiation dosimeters placed in specific locations in the brain. The “patient” cadaver’s left hip was exposed in posteroanterior and lateral radiographic planes. Measurements were performed without shielding of the head-and-neck specimen and then repeated sequentially with different PPE configurations. An average surgeon career was estimated to be 40 years (ages 25 to 65 years) with the caseload obtained from the department’s billing data.

Results:
The mean radiation dose to the surgeon brain without PPE was 3.35 µGy (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.4 to 4.3) per nail procedure. This was significantly reduced with use of a thyroid collar (2.94 µGy [95% CI: 1.91 to 3.91], p = 0.04). Compared with use of the thyroid collar in isolation, there was no significant additional reduction in radiation when the collar was used with leaded glasses (2.96 µGy [95% CI: 2.15 to 3.76], p = 0.97), with a lead cap (3.22 µGy [95% CI: 2.31 to 4.13], p = 0.55), or with both (2.31 µGy [95% CI: 1.61 to 3.01], p = 0.15). The extrapolated lifetime dose over 40 working years for SC nailing without PPE was 2,146 µGy (95% CI: 1,539 to 2,753), with an effective dose of 21.5 µSv.

Conclusions:
The extrapolated cumulative lifetime radiation to a surgeon’s brain from SC nailing based on our institution’s workload and technology is low and comparable with radiation during a one-way flight from London to New York. Of note, we studied only one of many fluoroscopy-aided procedures and likely underestimated total lifetime exposure if exposures from other procedures are included. This study also demonstrates that thyroid collars significantly reduce brain dose for this procedure whereas other head/neck PPE such as lead caps appear to have minimal additional effect. This study provides a methodology for future studies to quantify brain dose for other common orthopaedic procedures.

Clinical Relevance:
This study, based on our institutional data, demonstrates that although the lifetime brain dose from SC nailing is low, thyroid collars significantly reduce this dose further. As such, in accordance with the “as low as reasonably achievable” radiation exposure principle, radiation safety programs and individual surgeons should consider use of thyroid collars in this setting.
SISTEM INFORMASI E-BUSINESS PADA STUDIO FOTO ALLUVIO PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors: Saputra Bagus Dwi 
Published: November 2020

<p><em>Alluvio Photography adalah sebuah perusahaan penyedia jasa fotografi, video dan dekorasi yang saat ini mengalami kemajuan yang cukup pesat dan telah memiliki banyak pelanggan sejalan dengan semakin boomingnya fotografi. Dalam perkembangan bisnisnya, Alluvio Photography mempunyai visi untuk memberikan pelayanan terbaik bagi pelanggan dan mendapatkan kepercayaan dari pelanggan. Untuk mewujudkan visi tersebut maka diperlukan suatu sarana informasi yang berbasis web. Fasilitas ini bertujuan untuk mempermudah pelanggan dalam melakukan pemesanan jasa fotografi untuk sebuah acara tertentu. Pemanfaatan teknologi informasi melalui e-Business menjadi salah satu jawaban bagi Alluvio Photography untuk lebih meningkatkan fleksibilitas dan kenyamanan bagi pihak manajemen maupun masyarakat dalam mendapatkan informasi secara cepat dan tepat. Sebuah pengujian perangkat lunak black-box testing dilakukan untuk melihat fungsionalitas dari sistem yang dibangun. Selanjutnya, dilakukan penyebaran kuisioner untuk mengetahui nilai kemanfaatan sistem, dan didapati hasil bahwa adanya sistem informasi e-Business ini memberikan nilai manfaat dan dampak positif bagi perkembangan Alluvio Photography , dengan nilai kepuasan sebesar 97,2%.</em></p>
Transcriptome and proteome profiling reveal complementary scavenger and immune features of rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and liver macrophages
Authors: Bhandari Sabin , Li Ruomei , Simón-Santamaría Jaione , McCourt Peter , Johansen Steinar Daae , Smedsrød Bård , Martinez-Zubiaurre Inigo , Sørensen Karen Kristine 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and Kupffer cells (KCs; liver resident macrophages) form the body´s most effective scavenger cell system for the removal of harmful blood-borne substances, ranging from modified self-proteins to pathogens and xenobiotics. Controversies in the literature regarding the LSEC phenotype pose a challenge when determining distinct functionalities of KCs and LSECs. This may be due to overlapping functions of the two cells, insufficient purification and/or identification of the cells, rapid dedifferentiation of LSECs in vitro, or species differences. We therefore characterized and quantitatively compared expressed gene products of freshly isolated, highly pure LSECs (fenestrated SE-1/FcgRIIb2+) and KCs (CD11b/c+) from Sprague Dawley, Crl:CD(SD), male rats using high throughput mRNA-sequencing and label-free proteomics.Results: We observed a robust correlation between the proteomes and transcriptomes of the two cell types. Integrative analysis of the global molecular profile demonstrated the immunological aspects of LSECs. The constitutive expression of several immune genes and corresponding proteins of LSECs bore some resemblance with the expression in macrophages. LSECs and KCs both expressed high levels of scavenger receptors (SR) and C-type lectins. Equivalent expression of SR-A1 (Msr1), mannose receptor (Mrc1), SR-B1 (Scarb1), and SR-B3 (Scarb2) suggested functional similarity between the two cell types, while functional distinction between the cells was evidenced by LSEC-specific expression of the SRs stabilin-1 (Stab1) and stabilin-2 (Stab2), and the C-type lectins LSECtin (Clec4g) and DC-SIGNR (Clec4m). Many immune regulatory factors were differentially expressed in LSECs and KCs, with one cell predominantly expressing a specific cytokine/chemokine and the other cell the cognate receptor, illustrating the complex cytokine milieu of the sinusoids. Both cells expressed genes and proteins involved in antigen processing and presentation, and lymphocyte co-stimulation. Conclusions: Our findings support complementary and partly overlapping scavenging and immune functions of LSECs and KCs. This highlights the importance of including LSECs in studies of liver immunity, and liver clearance and toxicity of large molecule drugs and nano-formulations.
In-Situ Plasmonic Tracking Oxygen Evolution Revealing Multistage Oxygen Diffusion and Accumulating Inhibition
Authors: Wang Jungang , Shi Lifang , Su Yingying , Liu Liwei , Xie Jin , Tian Yang , Li Di 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Understanding mass transfer processes concomitant with electrochemical conversion for gas evolution reactions at the electrode-electrolyte interface plays a key role in advancing renewable energy storage and conversion. However, due to the complicated diffusion behavior of gas at the dynamic catalytic interfaces, it is still a great challenge to accurately portray mass transfer of gas during electrocatalysis. Here, we track the diffusion of dissolved oxygen on Cu nanostructured plasmonic interface, reveal multistage oxygen diffusion behaviors, including premature oxygen accumulation, spontaneous diffusion and accelerated oxygen dissipation, and indicate an accumulating inhibition effect on oxygen evolution arising from interfacial dissolved oxygen. With these knowledges, we develop a programmable potential scan strategy to eliminate interfacial gas products that alleviates the concentration polarization, releases accessible actives sites and promotes electrocatalytic performance. Our findings provide a direct observation of the interfacial mass transfer processes that govern the multi-phases catalysis kinetics.
Modified Commando Procedure in Complicated Infective Endocarditis - A Case Series.
Authors: Chen Po Sung , Chang Chungyi , Chuang Yicheng , Chen Ichen , Lin Tingchao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Complicated infective endocarditis (IE) with perivalvular abscess and destruction of intervalvular fibrous body (IFB) has high mortality risk and requires emergent or urgent surgery mostly. Case presentation: We presented four patients with complicated infective endocarditis combined with perivalvular abscess and IFB destruction. Three patients had prosthetic valve endocarditis and one patient had native valve endocarditis. They all received modified Commando procedure successfully. No surgical mortality or re-exploration for bleeding. Conclusions: We suggest that modified Commando procedure may have some benefit in improving survival rate of patients with complicated IE and reducing complications.