bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adsorption behaviors of (–)-epigallocatechin gallate and caffeine on macroporous adsorption resins functionalized with carbazole and N-methylimidazole
Authors: Liu Yongfeng , Liu Yi , Di Duolong 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to focus on the preparation of macroporous adsorption resins (MARs) functionalized with carbazole and N-methylimidazole, and adsorption behaviors of (–)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and caffeine (CAF) on the functionalized MARs.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the Friedel–Crafts and amination reactions, novel MARs functionalized with carbazole and N-methylimidazole were synthesized and characterized by the BET method. Accordingly, adsorption behaviors and structure-activity relationships for EGCG and CAF were studied in detail.

Findings
The results showed that pseudosecond-order kinetic model was provided with a better correlation for the adsorption of EGCG and CAF onto L-1 and L-2, and pseudofirst-order kinetic model was the most suitable model to illustrate the adsorption process for EGCG and CAF on L-3. The result indicated that Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin–Pyzhev and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms all could better illustrate the adsorption processes of EGCG and CAF on L-1, L-2 and L-3.

Practical implications
This study provides theoretical guidance and technical support for the efficient separation and purification of EGCG and CAF from waste tea leaves by MARs on a large scale. In addition, the results showed that this novel MARs would provide useful help and be used in large-scale production of active ingredients from natural products in the industry and other fields.

Originality/value
Adsorption kinetic models such as pseudofirst-order, pseudosecond-order and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models, and adsorption isotherm models such as Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin–Pyzhev and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms models were adopted to illustrate the adsorption mechanisms of EGCG and CAF. The main driving forces for MARs with no functional groups were pore sieving effects, p–p conjugation effects and hydrophobic interactions, and the other significant driving forces for MARs functionalized with carbazole and N-methylimidazole were electrostatic interactions, ion-dipole and hydrogen bonding interactions. This study might provide scientific references and useful help for large-scale separating and enriching active ingredients in natural products using the technology of MARs with special functional groups.
Digoxin use and following risk of psoriasis: A population‐based cohort study in Taiwan
Authors: Li I‐Hsun , Pan Ke‐Ting , Wang Wei‐Ming , Chien Wu‐Chien , Shih Jui‐Hu , Kao Li‐Ting 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study examined the association between digoxin use and subsequent psoriasis risk using a population‐based database in Taiwan. This cohort study enrolled 15 545 digoxin users and 15 545 propensity score‐matched non‐users from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. Each patient was independently followed up for 5 years to confirm whether they had been diagnosed with psoriasis. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate psoriasis risk among digoxin users. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed. The psoriasis incidence rates were 3.02 and 2.27 per 1000 person‐years among digoxin users and non‐users, respectively. After adjustment for confounders, psoriasis risk was significantly higher among digoxin users than among non‐users. Notably, in most subgroup analyses, digoxin use tended to increase psoriasis risk, particularly among patients with heart failure, diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia. Moreover, significantly increased psoriasis risk was noted over 2, 3, 4 and 5 years of digoxin use. In conclusion, our findings confirm that digoxin use increases subsequent psoriasis risk. Thus, physicians should be aware of this association and accordingly estimate the risks and benefits of digoxin use. Nevertheless, some patient variables, such as body mass index and obesity, were unavailable in this study. The findings in this study should be elucidated carefully because the potential effects of these factors could not be considered.
Iron alters Ca2+ homeostasis in doxorubicin‐resistant K562 cells
Authors: Yalcintepe Leman , Erdag Demet , Akbas Fahri , Kucukkaya Bahire 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIron is an essential trace element especially in cell proliferation, and growth for various cellular events. An increasing amount of research has shown that iron metabolism is altered in tumour cells which usually have rapid growth rates. However, the number of studies on iron metabolism, and calcium regulation are limited in drug‐resistant tumour cells. Previously, we have shown that modulation of iron metabolism through iron chelation regulated the intracellular calcium, and increased the doxorubicin sensitivity. In the present study, we investigated the effects of iron on mRNA expression profiles of fifteen key genes (IP3R1/2/3, RYR1/2, SERCA1/2/3, NCX1/2/3, PMCA1/2/3, and PMCA4) related to calcium homeostasis in the parental cell line K562 and its subclone doxorubicin‐resistant K562 cells. According to the ΔΔCt method with a two‐fold expression difference (P < .05) as a cut‐off level, although iron showed differential effects on most of the genes, IP3R and PMCA genes were especially determined to have changed significantly. These results show that iron metabolism is an important metabolism due to changes in the expression of genes involved in calcium regulation and is a new perspective to overcome cancer/drug resistance.
The 2018 California Wildfires: Integration of Rapid DNA to Dramatically Accelerate Victim Identification
Authors: Gin Kim , Tovar Jason , Bartelink Eric J. , Kendell Ashley , Milligan Colleen , Willey P. , Wood James , Tan Eugene , Turingan Rosemary S. , Selden Richard F. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn November 2018, Butte County, California, was decimated by the Camp Fire, the deadliest wildfire in state history. Over 150,000 acres were destroyed, and at its peak, the fire consumed eighty acres per minute. The speed and intensity of the oncoming flames killed scores of people, and weeks before the fire was contained, first responders began searching through the rubble of 18,804 residences and commercial buildings. As with most mass disasters, conventional identification modalities (e.g., fingerprints, odontology, hardware) were utilized to identify victims. The intensity and duration of the fire severely degraded most of the remains, and these approaches were useful in only 22 of 84 cases. In the past, the remaining cases would have been subjected to conventional DNA analysis, which may have required months to years. Instead, Rapid DNA technology was utilized (in a rented recreational vehicle outside the Sacramento morgue) in the victim identification effort. Sixty‐nine sets of remains were subjected to Rapid DNA Identification and, of these, 62 (89.9%) generated short tandem repeat profiles that were subjected to familial searching; essentially all these profiles were produced within hours of sample receipt. Samples successfully utilized for DNA identification included blood, bone, liver, muscle, soft tissue of unknown origin, and brain. In tandem with processing of 255 family reference samples, 58 victims were identified. This work represents the first use of Rapid DNA Identification in a mass casualty event, and the results support the use of Rapid DNA as an integrated tool with conventional disaster victim identification modalities.
Estimating and accounting for genotyping errors in RAD‐seq experiments
Authors: Bresadola Luisa , Link Vivian , Buerkle C. Alex , Lexer Christian , Wegmann Daniel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn non‐model organisms, evolutionary questions are frequently addressed using reduced representation sequencing techniques due to their low cost, ease of use, and because they do not require genomic resources such as a reference genome. However, evidence is accumulating that such techniques may be affected by specific biases, questioning the accuracy of obtained genotypes, and as a consequence, their usefulness in evolutionary studies. Here, we introduce three strategies to estimate genotyping error rates from such data: through the comparison to high quality genotypes obtained with a different technique, from individual replicates, or from a population sample when assuming Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium. Applying these strategies to data obtained with Restriction site Associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐seq), arguably the most popular reduced representation sequencing technique, revealed per‐allele genotyping error rates that were much higher than sequencing error rates, particularly at heterozygous sites that were wrongly inferred as homozygous. As we exemplify through the inference of genome‐wide and local ancestry of well characterized hybrids of two Eurasian poplar (Populus) species, such high error rates may lead to wrong biological conclusions. By properly accounting for these error rates in downstream analyses, either by incorporating genotyping errors directly or by recalibrating genotype likelihoods, we were nevertheless able to use the RAD‐seq data to support biologically meaningful and robust inferences of ancestry among Populus hybrids. Based on these findings, we strongly recommend carefully assessing genotyping error rates in reduced representation sequencing experiments, and to properly account for these in downstream analyses, for instance using the tools presented here.
Medical marijuana laws and driving under the influence of marijuana and alcohol
Authors: Fink David S. , Stohl Malki , Sarvet Aaron L. , Cerda Magdalena , Keyes Katherine M. , Hasin Deborah S. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTAimsMedical marijuana law (MML) enactment in the United States has been associated with increased cannabis use but lower traffic fatality rates. We assessed the possible association of MML and individual‐level driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) and also under the influence of alcohol (DUIA).Design and settingThree cross‐sectional U.S. adult surveys: The National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiologic Survey (NLAES; 1991–1992), the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC; 2001–2002), and the NESARC‐III (2012–2013).ParticipantsThe total n was 118 497: 41 764, 41 184, and 35 549 from NLAES, NESARC, and NESARC‐III, respectively.MeasurementsAcross the three surveys, similar questions in the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule assessed DUIC and DUIA. Ever‐MML states enacted MML between 1991–1992 and 2012–2013 (overall period). Early‐MML states enacted MML between 1991–1992 and 2001–2002 (early period). Late‐MML states enacted MML between 2001–2002 and 2012–2013 (late period). MML effects on change in DUIC and DUIA prevalence were estimated using a difference‐in‐differences specification to compare changes in MML and other states.FindingsFrom 1991–1992 to 2012–2013, DUIC prevalence nearly doubled (from 1.02% to 1.92%), increasing more in states that enacted MML than other states (difference‐in‐differences [DiD] = 0.59%; 95% CI = 0.06%–1.12%). Most change in DUIC prevalence occurred between 2001–2002 and 2012–2013. DUIC prevalence increased more in states that enacted MML 2001–2002 to 2012–2013 than in never‐MML states (DiD = 0.77%; 95% CI = −0.05%‐1.59%), and in two early‐MML states, California (DiD = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.06–1.59) and Colorado (DiD = 1.32; 95% CI = 0.11–2.53). In contrast, DUIA prevalence appeared unrelated to MML enactment.ConclusionsMedical marijuana law enactment in US states appears to have been associated with increased prevalence of driving under the influence of cannabis, but not alcohol.
Cardiovascular immune‐related adverse events: Evaluation, diagnosis and management
Authors: Liu Yingxian , Wu Wei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCardiotoxicities are associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Recent case series and retrospective studies have shown that cardiac immune‐related adverse events (irAEs) are rare but potentially fatal complications of immunotherapy, with various underlying risk factors such as combinations of different ICIs. High mortality rates and overreactive inflammation have been observed with ICI‐associated cardiotoxicities, highlighting the necessity of baseline and serial evaluations and the identification and management of cardiac irAEs as early as possible. The clinical presentations of irAEs range from asymptomatic cardiac biomarker elevation, myocarditis and pericardial diseases to heart failure and mild to fatal arrhythmia. Troponin measurement and electrocardiogram are sensitive initial tests, whereas cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and endomyocardial biopsy are both gold standard components of the diagnostic criteria. Close monitoring and timely consultation with a cardiologist are important for the diagnosis of ICI‐related cardiotoxicities, with decisions of stopping or rechallenging ICIs and strategies to manage heart injuries. Treatment principles are made according to risk stratifications. The first‐line medication is glucocorticoids of various doses, and the second‐line immunosuppression includes intravenous immunoglobin, antithymocyte globulin and other immunosuppressants, which are recommended in life‐threatening cases or in cases of resistance/no response to steroids.
Understanding the challenges faced by adolescents and young adults with allergic conditions: A systematic review
Authors: Vazquez‐Ortiz Marta , Angier Elizabeth , Blumchen Katharina , Comberiati Pasquale , Duca Bettina , DunnGalvin Audrey , Gore Claudia , Hox Valérie , Jensen Britt , Pite Helena , Santos Alexandra F. , Sanchez Silvia , Alviani Cherry , Garriga‐Baraut Teresa , Knibb Rebecca , Mortz Charlotte G. , Gowland M. Hazel , Timmermans Frans , Roberts Graham 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundAdolescence represents a vulnerable time for individuals with asthma and allergic conditions. They suffer an unexpected degree of morbidity. This systematic review aimed to understand the challenges faced by adolescents and young adults with these conditions.MethodsA systematic literature search was undertaken across eight databases. References were checked by two reviewers for inclusion. Study data were extracted, and their quality was assessed in duplicate. A narrative meta‐synthesis was undertaken.ResultsA total of 108 papers describing 106 studies were retrieved, most focused on asthma. Five themes were identified across studies: (a) Health‐related quality of life—impairment was associated with poor disease control, psychosocial issues, adolescent‐onset allergic disease and female sex; (b) Psychological factors—asthma and food allergy were associated with anxiety and depression, atopic dermatitis was associated with suicidal ideation, and that parental emotional support may be protective; (c) Adherence—suboptimal adherence was associated with older age, barriers to medication usage, poor symptom perception and failure to take responsibility, and positive factors were routines, simpler treatment regimes, better knowledge and perceptions about medications; (d) Self‐management—facilitated by education, knowledge and a positive attitude; and (e) Supportive relationships—families could modify barriers to adherence and foster positive views about self‐management, adolescents suggested that their peers should be more involved in supporting them, and adolescents also wished to have support from nonjudgemental healthcare professionals.ConclusionsWe have some understanding of the challenges faced by adolescents with asthma, less so for other allergic conditions. This knowledge will be used to support guidelines for managing adolescents.
Hybrid laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy: an Australian experience and a proposed process for implementation
Authors: Pham Helen , Nahm Christopher B. , Hollands Michael , Pang Tony , Johnston Emma , Pleass Henry , Richardson Arthur , Lam Vincent , Yuen Lawrence 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) is gaining interest with several series reporting favourable outcomes. However, there are significant limitations to the successful implementation of LPD programmes in Australian and New Zealand (ANZ) settings. This study presents a local series of consecutive hybrid LPD (HLPD) and a suggested protocol for implementation of an LPD programme in ANZ settings.MethodsA retrospective review of consecutive patients undergoing HLPD with a laparoscopic resection and open reconstruction performed by a single surgeon at two centres in Sydney, Australia, between February 2014 and October 2019 was undertaken. Data were collected from a prospectively maintained database and patient records.ResultsEighteen patients underwent HLPD. Median operative time was 370 min, with a median laparoscopic resection time of 253 min. Median length of stay was 11 days. There was no mortality within 90 days. Post‐operative complications included two patients requiring a return to operating theatre for post‐operative pancreatic fistula, and five patients with delayed gastric emptying. Median number of lymph nodes harvested was 13 (interquartile range 11–15.8). Resection margins were negative in 15 patients (83.3%).ConclusionHLPD is associated with satisfactory perioperative outcomes and may be feasible as a first step towards eventual implementation of LPD in ANZ hospitals.
Integrating knowledge of ecological succession into invasive alien plant management: A case study from Portugal
Authors: Neto Duarte Liliana , Pinto Gomes Carlos , Marchante Hélia , Marchante Elizabete 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsKnowledge of invasive alien plant (IAP) ecology and plant community succession (synphytosociology) is crucial for successful restoration and prevention of (re)invasions; nevertheless, these two fields are rarely combined. Our case study aims to demonstrate how they can be integrated, by analysing the variation of IAP distribution within biogeographic territories, identifying the potential native plant communities and the ecological conditions that favour (or prevent) each IAP.LocationSouthern Portugal.MethodsSeveral native plant indicators and nine selected IAPs were surveyed in 60 1‐km2 sampling plots across the four biogeographic sectors of the study area. The native plant indicators were then used to identify the vegetation series in which IAPs occurred. Ecological requirements favouring the establishment of each IAP were inferred based on expert knowledge and on the characteristics of published vegetation series and bioclimatic data.ResultsLittoral areas were more invaded, particularly those with sand dune habitats, which are highly dynamic and exposed to disturbance. The most frequent IAPs were Acacia dealbata, Arundo donax, Acacia longifolia and Opuntia ficus‐indica. Riparian vegetation series were the most invaded, especially ash woodlands and willow galleries, as well as the littoral psammophilous cork oak and maritime turbinate juniper series. The most adequate native species to recover each of these invaded communities varies, and examples are provided for each situation.ConclusionsIntegrating knowledge about IAP ecological requirements and the dynamics of native vegetation series can help practitioners select native plants that are more likely to function as efficient natural barriers to (re)invasion, predict areas more prone to invasion by IAPs and establish management priorities.
Review: Social networking sites and associations with depressive and anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents – a systematic review
Authors: Piteo Elena Marie , Ward Kelly 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundGiven social networking sites (SNSs) have become a pervasive part of culture; it is critical to understand the ways in which they may be advantageous or detrimental to the mental health of young people. This systematic narrative review examined the relationships between SNS and depressive and anxiety symptoms in the child and adolescent population (5–18 years).MethodsFour databases were searched, and all articles between January 2005 and March 2019 were identified.ResultsIncreased time spent or frequency of SNS use, and problematic and addictive behaviour on SNS were significantly associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms. Two cross‐sectional studies found that increased time spent or frequency of SNS use and higher levels of investment on SNS were significantly associated with higher levels of anxiety symptoms. However, other potential confounding factors could explain the relationship between SNS and depressive and anxiety symptoms, including perceived social support, social comparison and fear of missing out (FoMO).ConclusionsWhile there is evidence that there is a relationship between SNS and anxiety and depressive symptoms, the effect size tends to be small and informed by studies of poor quality. Therefore, results should be interpreted cautiously. Methodological issues in conceptualising SNS complicated the findings. Future studies should explore the various conditions by which SNS may either interfere or enhance the development of emotional regulation in young people. These findings help to inform clinicians and educators in targeting vulnerable young people who are at risk of developing mental health problems.
Context dependency of biotic interactions and its relation to plant rarity
Authors: Kempel Anne , Vincent Hugo , Prati Daniel , Fischer Markus 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimBiotic interactions can determine rarity and commonness of species, however, evidence that rare and common species respond differently to biotic stress is scarce. This is because biotic interactions are notoriously context dependent and traits leading to success in one habitat might be costly or unimportant in another. We aim to identify plant characteristics that are related to biotic interactions and may drive patterns of rarity and commonness, taking environmental context into account.LocationSwitzerland.MethodsIn a multispecies experiment, we compared the response to biotic interactions of 19 rare and 21 widespread congeneric plant species in Switzerland, while also accounting for variation in environmental conditions of the species' origin.ResultsOur results restrict the long‐standing hypothesis that widespread species are superior competitors to rare species to only those species originating from resource‐rich habitats, in which competition is usually strong. Tolerance to herbivory and ambient herbivore damage, on the other hand, did not differ between widespread and rare species. In accordance with the resource‐availability hypothesis, widespread species from resource‐rich habitats where more damaged by herbivores (less defended) than widespread species from resource‐poor habitats—such a growth‐defence trade‐off was lacking in rare species. This indicates that the evolutionary important trade‐off between traits increasing competitive ability and defence is present in widespread species but may have been lost or never evolved in rare species.Main conclusionsOur results indicate that biotic interactions, above all competition, might indeed set range limits and underlines the importance of including context dependency in studies comparing traits of common and rare or invasive and non‐invasive species.