bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biopsychosocial predictors of depressive symptoms in the perimenopause—findings from the Swiss Perimenopause Study
Authors: Willi Jasmine , Süss Hannah , Grub Jessica , Ehlert Ulrike 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objective:
The perimenopause is associated with increased hormone fluctuations and an elevated risk of depression. A number of predictors of depressive symptoms in the menopausal transition have previously been suggested. The purpose of this study was to investigate a set of biopsychosocial predictors of depressive symptoms in perimenopausal women.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study, investigating 114 perimenopausal women (according to the STRAW criteria) aged 40-56 years, was conducted within the scope of the Swiss Perimenopause Study. Multiple regression analyses were performed to identify the most accurate model predicting perimenopausal depressive symptoms. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the German version of the Center of Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Validated questionnaires were used to examine psychophysiological complaints, stress, self-esteem, self-compassion, body image, and social support. Estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) were assessed through saliva samples, and follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were determined through dried blood spot samples. Seven saliva samples per participant were used to investigate absolute levels and fluctuations of sex steroids. All other variables were measured once.

Results:
Multiple regression analyses revealed that E2 fluctuations (β=0.15, P = 0.015), history of depression (β=0.14, P = 0.033), menopausal symptoms (β=0.47, P < 0.0001), perceived stress (β=0.17, P = 0.014), body image (β= −0.25, P = 0.014) and self-esteem (β=−0.35, P < 0.0001) were predictive of perimenopausal depressive symptoms (R
2 = 0.60). P4 fluctuations and absolute levels of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal hormone were not statistically significant.

Conclusions:
E2 fluctuations were shown to be predictive of depressive symptoms in the perimenopause. Moreover, the presence of burdensome complaints and chronic stress as well as a poor self-evaluation seem to promote depressive symptoms in perimenopausal women.
Possible association of early menopause with worse physical function: a systematic review
Authors: de Souza Macêdo Pedro Rafael , Rocha Tiago Novais , Gomes Fernandes Sabrina Gabrielle , Apolinário Vieira Mariana Carmem , Jerez-Roig Javier , Aires da Câmara Saionara Maria 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Importance:
Menopause at younger ages is associated with a greater risk of adverse health outcomes such as osteoporosis, chronic diseases, and death. However, the association with physical function has not been well established.

Objective:
Assess the association between timing of menopause and different measures of physical function.

Evidence Review:
Searches on the PubMed, Cochrane Library, SciELO, LILACS, and Web of Science databases were conducted. Observational studies on the association between age at menopause and measures of physical function were included, with no restriction for publication date or language. Methodological quality was assessed by the “Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies.”

Findings:
Four cross-sectional studies were included, totaling 13,846 participants. These investigated five measures of physical function: gait speed, grip strength, standing balance, chair stand, and self-reported functional limitations. Poor physical function was associated with premature (<40 y) or early menopause (<45 y) in all the studies, with significant results only for grip strength, gait speed, and functional limitation. Premature and early menopause were associated with weaker grip strength [between 2.58 kg (95% CI = 0.74 to 4.43) and 5.21 kg (2.18 to 8.25)], and lower gait speed [between 0.03 m/s (0.01 to 0.06) and 0.06 m/s (0.02 to 0.09)]. Menopause after the age of 50 is associated with less likelihood of functional limitation [OR between 0.52 (95% CI = 0.29 to 0.95) and 0.61 (0.40 to 0.95)] compared with premature and early menopause. Two measures of physical function (chair stand test and standing balance) were not significantly associated with age at menopause.

Conclusion:
Only four cross-sectional studies showed that earlier ages at menopause are associated with poor physical function (grip strength, gait speed, and self-reported functional limitations), but given the high heterogeneity of the studies, no consensus is possible. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore the association between age at menopause and different measures of physical function as well as the influence of different socioeconomic conditions between countries on functioning.
#Menopause on Instagram: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Arseneau Morgan E. , Backonja Uba , Litchman Michelle L. , Karimanfard Rojin , Sheng Xiaoming , Taylor-Swanson Lisa 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Objective:
The aims of this study were to: (1) characterize the menopause transition (MT) on social media and (2) determine if concordance or discordance exists when comparing MT-focused social media posts and biomedical research literature.

Methods:
We analyzed 440 sequential Instagram posts with the hashtag #menopause over 2 weeks from January to February 2019. Posts were composed of 299 unique accounts, resulting in an average of 1.7 posts per account (standard deviation [SD] 1; range 1-9; median 1 and interquartile range [IQR] 1-2). Each account had an average of 2,616 followers (SD 11,271; range 3-129,000; median 421.5 and IQR 177-1,101). Content and thematic analyses were completed for posts, images, and videos to identify codes related to the MT. The top 15 codes were then searched along with the key term “menopause” in PubMed to ascertain the level of concordance between Instagram content and peer-reviewed literature on the MT.

Results:
We identified 69 codes in our corpus of Instagram content, resulting in 9 categories: physical health, mental health, complementary and integrative health, advertising, social, advice, self-care, nature, and self-expression (kappa 0.95-1.00). The most prevalent codes were related to weight loss/fitness (20.5%) and hormones (18.4%). The majority of frequent codes identified in Instagram posts were infrequently listed in biomedical literature related to menopause. However, there were two codes, Weight loss/Fitness and Hot flashes, that were frequently discussed in Instagram posts and the biomedical literature.

Conclusions:
The examination of #menopause on Instagram provides novel insights for researchers and clinicians. Our findings provide a better understanding of the experiences and support needs of individuals experiencing menopause. Furthermore, codes related to menopause have low prominence in the biomedical literature, suggesting key topics that could be explored in the future.

Video Summary:

http://links.lww.com/MENO/A695.
Information system use antecedents of nursing employee turnover in a hospital setting
Authors: Thompson Samuel C. , Holmgren A. Jay , Ford Eric W. 
Published: January 2021

Background
Voluntary turnover (VTO) of nursing employees is expensive for hospital systems and is often associated with lower levels of patient satisfaction, as well as adverse patient outcomes such as falls and medication errors.

Purpose
The aim of this study was to establish nurses’ electronic medical record (EMR) use patterns and test if they can be used to predict VTO.

Methodology/Approach
The study followed 1,836 hospital nurses via the collection of EMR metadata through two 1-month time periods that were 1 year apart. Machine learning algorithms were then used to derive patterns of EMR utilization using VTO as a key variable for classification. Post hoc analysis of the most predictive variables was conducted.

Results
The predictive model was effective in identifying which nurses would turnover 73.4% of the time and which nurses would not turnover 84.1% of the time.

Practice Applications
The ability to accurately predict nurses’ intentions to leave is critical to reducing turnover. Early identification can lead to specific interventions to mitigate factors that are adversely impacting the nursing experience. Post hoc analysis and the key informant interviews indicated that many nurses do not appear to have good EMR navigation skills and spend significant effort in search of patient information.
Workplace Mental Health
Authors: Fragala Maren S. , Hunter Jennifer L. , Satish Anita , Jelovic Nicole A. , Carr Susan , Bailey Allison M. , Stokes Meghan , Hayward Joanna I. , Kim Paul M. , Peters Matthew E. 
Published: January 2021

Objective:
To evaluate a proactive, voluntary screening program designed to identify employees with emerging mental health risk and engage them in care.

Methods:
Risk was proactively identified through online screening of 344 participants. At-risk participants were offered a mental health care concierge to provide support, develop a care plan, and connect to care.

Results:
Risk for common mental health conditions was identified in 244 (71%) participants, of whom 66 (27%) connected with a care concierge. Compared with participants who did not connect to a care concierge, those who did were more likely to report a financial crisis (68.2% vs 50.8%) and less likely to report verbal abuse (9.1% vs 19.6%) and difficulty meeting daily needs (12.1% vs 25.1%).

Conclusion:
Implementation of this screening program identified employees at risk for mental health conditions and facilitated connection to care.
Evidence and clinical trials in Endourology: where are we going
Authors: Donaldson James Fergus , McClinton Samuel 
Published: January 2021

Purpose of review
There is an ongoing explosion in the amount and quality, of research in the field of Endourology. From a solid basis of systematic reviews and small, single centre trials it has been possible to design large randomised controlled trials in the UK and in the USA. This review will describe some of the more recent trials (small and large) that are helping to provide a solid evidence base for our practice in Endourology.

On-going studies
Randomised controlled trial (RCTs) include: The Therapeutic Interventions for Stones in the Ureter (TISU), the Percutaneous nephrolithotomy, flexible Ureterorenoscopy and extracorporeal Shockwave lithotripsy for lower pole kidney stones (PURE RCTs) and the Prevention of Urinary Stones with Hydration (PUSH). Quality of life (QoL) measures and studies include: the Wisconsin Stone QoL Questionnaire, the Cambridge Renal Stone PROM, the Cambridge Ureteral Stone PROM, the Urinary stone and Intervention QoL questionnaire and the Study to Enhance Understanding of sTent-associated Symptoms (STENTS). The Core Outcome Set in Trials on treatments for Renal and UreteriC sTones (COSTRUCT) study aims to define a core outcome set to be used in future trials.

Summary
On-going studies will provide higher quality evidence on the treatment of ureteric and renal stones to inform treatment decision making and guideline recommendations. They will also guide decisions relating to prevention and recurrence and give insight into the true impact of urinary stones and endourological interventions on patients’ quality of life. Future studies will incorporate big data and artificial intelligence.
Histone H3K4me3 and H3K9me3 are super over-methylated in soft tissue sarcoma compared to normal muscle in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models: an indicator of cancer methionine addiction
Authors: Aoki Yusuke , Yamamoto Jun , Tome Yasunori , Hamada Kazuyuki , Inubushi Sachiko , Tashiro Yoshihiko , Bouvet Michael , Endo Itaru , Nishida Kotaro , Hoffman Robert M. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractMethionine addiction is a fundamental and general hallmark of cancer discovered by us almost a half-century ago [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 73 (1976) 1523-1527]. Methionine addiction is defined as the requirement, specific for cancer cells of all types, for exogenous methionine despite the normal ability to synthesize methionine from homocysteine. The methionine addiction of cancer is termed the Hoffman-effect, analogous to the Warburg-effect of the high glucose requirement of cancer cells. Methionine addiction is due to excess transmethylation reactions resulting in high methionine flux in cancer cells, which causes them to selectively arrest under methionine restriction due to depletion of free methionine and S-adenosyl methionine. Recently we have shown methionine-addicted cancer cells over-methylate histone H3 lysine marks which are not over-methylated in normal cells or in low-malignancy methionine-independent revertants derived from methionine-addicted cancer cells. In the present report, we show that in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mouse models of the most common soft tissue sarcomas: myxofibrosarcoma, undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) and liposarcoma, histone H3K4me3 and H3K9me3 are super over-methylated compared to normal muscle tissue. This new result is discussed along with our previous reports, regarding the potential of histone H3 over-methylation as a basis of malignancy.
Molecular analysis of prostate cancer: prostate tissue and urine proteomics based approach
Authors: Mitra Amrita , Das Rajdeep , Choubey Surya Kant , Mandal Amit Kumar 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer are the most frequently diagnosed conditions in men above 60 years. BPH manifests as benign enlargement of the prostate gland causing pain and difficulty in micturition, often associated with other lower urinary tract symptoms. On the other hand, prostate cancer might initially set in as a tumor of no clinical significance, but can ultimately develop into an aggressively metastatic cancer at later stages. Due to overlapping symptomatic manifestations with BPH, it might be difficult to diagnose prostate cancer and differentiate it from BPH. Screening for prostate cancer is based on examining the levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA), a clinical biomarker for prostate cancer in blood. However, several reported cases indicate that PSA might lack the sensitivity and specificity required to differentiate between the cancerous and benign conditions of prostate. Therefore, in the absence of non-invasive biomarkers in a diagnostic setup, an intensely invasive surgical removal of a part of the tissue and subsequent histopathologial examination is the only available procedure to confirm the cancer. In this study, we used tissue and urine proteomics platforms to profile respective proteomes in both clinical conditions. We observed that latent transforming growth factor binding protein was significantly under-expressed in the both tissue and urine proteome of prostate cancer. We propose that the down-regulation of the latent transforming growth factor binding protein 4 might be explored in a large set of patients with prostate cancer to develop a non-invasive urine based biomarker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
H3K27me3 is a determinant of chemotolerance in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Marsolier Justine , Prompsy Pacôme , Durand Adeline , Lyne Anne-Marie , Landragin Camille , Trouchet Amandine , Bento Sabrina Tenreira , Eisele Almut , Foulon Sophie , Baudre Léa , Grosselin Kevin , Bohec Mylène , Baulande Sylvain , Dahmani Ahmed , Sourd Laura , Letouzé Eric , Marangoni Elisabetta , Perié Leïla , Vallot Céline 
Published: January 2021

SummaryTriple-negative breast cancer is associated with the worst prognosis and the highest risk of recurrence among all breast cancer subtypes1. Residual disease, formed by cancer cells persistent to chemotherapy, remains one of the major clinical challenges towards full cure2,3. There is now consensus that non-genetic processes contribute to chemoresistance in various tumor types, notably through the initial emergence of a reversible chemotolerant state4–6. Understanding non-genetic tumor evolution stands now as a prerequisite for the design of relevant combinatorial approaches to delay recurrence. Here we show that the repressive histone mark H3K27me3 is a determinant of cell fate under chemotherapy exposure, monitoring epigenomes, transcriptomes and lineage with single-cell resolution. We identify a reservoir of persister basal cells with EMT markers and activated TGF-β pathway leading to multiple chemoresistance phenotypes. We demonstrate that, in unchallenged cells, H3K27 methylation is a lock to the expression program of persister cells. Promoters are primed with both H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, and removing H3K27me3 is sufficient for their transcriptional activation. Leveraging lineage barcoding, we show that depleting H3K27me3 alters tumor cell fate under chemotherapy insult – a wider variety of tumor cells tolerate chemotherapy. Our results highlight how chromatin landscapes shape the potential of unchallenged cancer cells to respond to therapeutic stress.
HDAC6 regulates expression of the oncogenic driver EWSR1-FLI1 through theEWSR1promoter in Ewing sarcoma
Authors: García-Domínguez Daniel J. , Hajji Nabil , Sánchez-Molina Sara , Figuerola-Bou Elisabet , de Pablos Rocío M. , Espinosa-Oliva Ana M. , Andrés-León Eduardo , Terrón-Camero Laura Carmen , Flores-Campos Rocío , Pascual-Pasto Guillem , Robles María José , Carcaboso Ángel M. , Mora Jaume , de Álava Enrique , Hontecillas-Prieto Lourdes 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTEwing sarcoma (EWS) is an aggressive developmental sarcoma driven by a fusion gene, EWSR1-FLI1. However, little is known about the regulation of EWSR1-FLI1 chimeric fusion gene expression. Here, we demonstrate that active nuclear HDAC6 in EWS modulates acetylation status of specificity protein 1 (SP1), consequently regulating SP1/P300 activator complex binding to EWSR1 and EWSR1-FLI1 promoters. Selective inhibition of HDAC6 impairs binding of activator complex SP1/P300, thereby inducing EWSR1-FLI1 downregulation and significantly reducing its oncogenic functions. In addition, sensitivity of EWS cell lines to HDAC6 inhibition is higher than other tumor or non-tumor cell lines. Overexpression of HDAC6 in primary EWS tumor clinical samples correlates with a poor prognosis. Notably, a combination treatment of a selective HDAC6 inhibitor and doxorubicin (standard of care in EWS) dramatically inhibits tumor growth in two EWS murine xenograft models. These results could lead to suitable and promising therapeutic alternatives for EWS patients.
High transgene expression is associated with systemicGFPsilencing inNicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Hendrix Bill , Hoffer Paul , Sanders Rick , Schwartz Steve , Zheng Wei , Eads Brian , Taylor Danielle , Deikman Jill 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGene silencing in plants using topical dsRNA is a new approach that has the potential to be a sustainable component of the agricultural production systems of the future. However, more research is needed to enable this technology as an economical and efficacious supplement to current crop protection practices. Systemic gene silencing is one key enabling aspect. The objective of this research was to better understand systemic transgene silencing inNicotiana benthamiana. Previous reports details sequencing of the integration site of theGreen Fluorescent Protein(GFP) transgene in the well-knownN. benthamianaGFP16C event revealed inadvertent co-integration of part of a bacterial transposase. To determine the effect of this transgene configuration on systemic silencing, newGFPtransgenic lines with or without the transposase sequences were produced.GFPexpression levels in the 19 single-copy events and three hemizygous 16C lines produced for this study ranged from 50-72% of the homozygous 16C line.GFPexpression was equivalent to 16C in a two-copy event. LocalGFPsilencing was observed in all transgenic and 16C hemizygous lines after topical application of delivery formulations with aGFPtargeting dsRNA. The 16C-like systemic silencing phenotype was only observed in the two-copy line. The partial transposase had no impact on transgene expression level, localGFPsilencing, small RNA abundance and distribution, or systemicGFPsilencing in the transgenic lines. We conclude that high transgene expression level is a key enabler of systemic transgene silencing inN. benthamiana.
Interactions between strains govern the eco-evolutionary dynamics of microbial communities
Authors: Goyal Akshit , Bittleston Leonora S. , Leventhal Gabriel E. , Lu Lu , Cordero Otto X. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractGenomic data has revealed that genotypic variants of the same species, i.e., strains, coexist and are abundant in natural microbial communities. However, it is not clear if strains are ecologically equivalent, or if they exhibit distinct interactions and dynamics. Here, we address this problem by tracking 10 microbial communities from the pitcher plantSarracenia purpureain the laboratory for more than 300 generations. Using metagenomic sequencing, we reconstruct their dynamics over time and across scales, from distant phyla to closely related genotypes. We find that interactions between naturally occurring strains govern eco-evolutionary dynamics. Surprisingly, even fine-scale variants differing only by 100 base pairs can exhibit vastly different dynamics. We show that these differences may stem from ecological interactions in the communities, which are specific to strains, not species. Finally, by analyzing genomic differences between strains, we identify major functional hubs such as transporters, regulators, and carbohydrate-catabolizing enzymes, which might be the basis for strain-specific interactions. Our work shows that strains are the relevant level of diversity at which to study the long-term dynamics of microbiomes.
Dia1 Coordinates Differentiation and Cell Sorting in a Stratified Epithelium
Authors: Harmon Robert M. , Devany John , Gardel Margaret L. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAlthough implicated in adhesion, few studies address how actin assembly factors guide cell positioning in multicellular tissue. The formin, Dia1, localizes to the proliferative basal layer of epidermis. In organotypic cultures, Dia1 depletion reduced basal cell density and resulted in stratified tissue with disorganized differentiation and proliferative markers. Since crowding induces differentiation in epidermal tissue, we hypothesized that Dia1 allows cells to reach densities amenable to differentiation prior to stratification. Consistent with this hypothesis, forced crowding of Dia1-deficient cells rescued transcriptional abnormalities. Dia1 promotes rapid growth of lateral adhesions, a behavior consistent with the ability of cells to remain monolayered when crowded. In aggregation assays, cells sorted into distinct layers based on Dia1 expression status. These results suggested that as basal cells proliferate, reintegration and packing of Dia1-positive daughter cells is favored while Dia1-negative cells tend to delaminate to a suprabasal compartment. These data demonstrate how formin expression patterns play a crucial role in constructing distinct domains within stratified epithelia.SummaryHarmon et al demonstrate that differential expression of an actin nucleator, the formin, Dia1, drives cell sorting and maintains distinct morphological domains within an epithelial tissue. This illuminates the possible utility of evolving a large formin family in orchestrating the compartmentalization and differentiation of complex tissues.