bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gas‐Sensing Activity of Amorphous Copper Oxide Porous Nanosheets
Authors: Tian Zheng , Bai Hua , Li Yahui , Liu Wei , Li Junfang , Kong Qinghong , Xi Guangcheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the gas‐sensing properties of copper oxide porous nanosheets in amorphous and highly crystalline states were comparatively investigated on the premise of almost the same specific surface area, morphology and size. Unexpectedly, the results show that amorphous copper oxide porous nanosheets have much better gas sensing properties than highly crystalline copper oxide to a serious of volatile organic compounds, and the lowest detection limit (LOD) of the amorphous copper oxide porous nanosheets to methanal is even up to 10 ppb. By contrast, the LOD of the highly crystalline copper oxide porous nanosheets to methanal is 95 ppb. Experiments prove that the oxygen vacancies contained in the amorphous copper oxide porous nanosheets play a key role in improving gas sensitivity, which greatly improve the chemical activity of the materials, especially for the adsorption of molecules containing oxygen‐groups such as methanal and oxygen.
Changing the paradigm of disability from stigma to equity in university social work education in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Katsui Hisayo , Kazakunova Gulmira , Mojtahedi Mina C. 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThe main aim of this paper is to tease out the historical and deeply rooted ethical standards, spirituality, and social values that have long supported the social service system in Kyrgyzstan, which, today, faces pressure to align with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The data are based on an intervention conducted as part of the European Union‐Social Protection Systems programme in Kyrgyzstan between 2017 and 2018 where 30 university lecturers were part of. Interviews both to the Kyrgyz trainers with disabilities and to the trainees of the university lecturers as well as follow‐up survey conducted in 2019 form important part of data for this paper. We first investigate the conventional ethical standards, spiritual explanations, and social values related to disabilities within the Kyrgyz social protection system and social services. We elaborate on the Kyrgyz context of the societal ethics, spirituality, and values around disability in the Kyrgyz university education for social workers. Second, we analyse the transformation of the perception of disability among the university lecturers. We conclude this paper with a discussion on the negotiation between a charity‐based approach that reinforces the stigmatization of disability and a human rights‐based approach that promotes paradigm change, to contribute to global discourse of social change towards disability inclusion.
Linking electronic health data in pharmacoepidemiology: Appropriateness and feasibility
Authors: Rivera Donna R. , Gokhale Mugdha N. , Reynolds Matthew W. , Andrews Elizabeth B. , Chun Danielle , Haynes Kevin , Jonsson‐Funk Michele L. , Lynch Kristine E. , Lund Jennifer L. , Strongman Helen , Bhullar Harshvinder , Raman Sudha R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeTo provide guidance on data linkage appropriateness and feasibility to plan purposeful and sustainable new linkages that advance pharmacoepidemiology and healthcare research. Planning a new data linkage requires careful evaluation to weigh the resources required with the potential overall benefits.MethodsIn response to an International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology (ISPE) call for manuscripts, a working group comprised of members from academic, industry, and government determined priority content areas; appropriateness and feasibility of data linkage was selected. Within this topic, scientific and operational considerations were determined, reviewed, and formulated into key areas, and translated into 12 consensus recommendations.ResultsGuidance for feasibility assessment was categorized into five key areas: (1) research objectives and justification; (2) data quality and completeness; (3) the linkage process; (4) data ownership and governance; and (5) overall value added by linkage. Within these key areas, recommendations to consider prior to initiation were developed to evaluate suitability of the linkage to meet research objectives, assess source data completeness and population coverage, and ensure well‐defined data governance standards and protections. When creating novel linked datasets, researchers must assess the feasibility of both scientific (data quality and linkage methods) and operational (access, data use and transfer, governance, and cost) aspects.ConclusionsThe data linkage feasibility assessment considerations outlined can be used as a guide when designing sustainable linked data resources to generate actionable evidence in healthcare research. These recommendations were constructed for wide applicability and can be adapted depending on the geographic, structural, and data components of the linkage.
Transparent silicon carbide/tunnel SiO2 passivation for c‐Si solar cell front side: Enabling Jsc > 42 mA/cm2 and iVoc of 742 mV
Authors: Pomaska Manuel , Köhler Malte , Procel Moya Paul , Zamchiy Alexandr , Singh Aryak , Kim Do Yun , Isabella Olindo , Zeman Miro , Li Shenghao , Qiu Kaifu , Eberst Alexander , Smirnov Vladimir , Finger Friedhelm , Rau Uwe , Ding Kaining 
Published: January 2020

AbstractN‐type microcrystalline silicon carbide (μc‐SiC:H(n)) is a wide bandgap material that is very promising for the use on the front side of crystalline silicon (c‐Si) solar cells. It offers a high optical transparency and a suitable refractive index that reduces parasitic absorption and reflection losses, respectively. In this work, we investigate the potential of hot wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD)–grown μc‐SiC:H(n) for c‐Si solar cells with interdigitated back contacts (IBC). We demonstrate outstanding passivation quality of μc‐SiC:H(n) on tunnel oxide (SiO2)–passivated c‐Si with an implied open‐circuit voltage of 742 mV and a saturation current density of 3.6 fA/cm2. This excellent passivation quality is achieved directly after the HWCVD deposition of μc‐SiC:H(n) at 250°C heater temperature without any further treatments like recrystallization or hydrogenation. Additionally, we developed magnesium fluoride (MgF2)/silicon nitride (SiNx:H)/silicon carbide antireflection coatings that reduce optical losses on the front side to only 0.47 mA/cm2 with MgF2/SiNx:H/μc‐SiC:H(n) and 0.62 mA/cm2 with MgF2/μc‐SiC:H(n). Finally, calculations with Sentaurus TCAD simulation using MgF2/μc‐SiC:H(n)/SiO2/c‐Si as front side layer stack in an IBC solar cell reveal a short‐circuit current density of 42.2 mA/cm2, an open‐circuit voltage of 738 mV, a fill factor of 85.2% and a maximum power conversion efficiency of 26.6%.
Visit Characteristics Associated With Opioids Administered or Prescribed During Emergency Department Visits for Ankle Sprain Between 2010 and 2015
Authors: Kosik Kyle B. , Hoch Matthew C. , Villasante‐Tezanos Alejandro G. , Gribble Phillip A. 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundRecent research has demonstrated that patients with ankle sprain who are discharged from the emergency department (ED) are prescribed an opioid. Minimizing the exposure to opioids is important to help prevent future abuse and misuse of these medications.ObjectiveIdentify ED visit characteristics for an ankle sprain that are associated with an opioid given in the ED, prescribed at discharge, or both.DesignRetrospective analysis of the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS).SettingHospital.ParticipantsIsolated ankle sprain visits to a United States ED.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe main outcome was an opioid given in the ED, prescribed at discharge, or both between 2010 and 2015. Explanatory variables included age, sex, race, attending physician or resident, and geographic location of the hospital. A multiple logistic regression was performed to assess the independent association between an opioid given in the ED, prescribed at discharge, or both, and all explanatory variables. The analysis accounted for the cluster, strata, and probability weights for each year of the NHAMCS.ResultsAnkle sprain visits for patients ≤17 years of age had a lower odds of an opioid being given in the ED, prescribed at discharge, or both, compared to visits for patients 18 to 24 years of age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.26 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.1, 0.5]; P < .001). Visits in the West (aOR = 2.5 [95% CI = 1.2, 5.4]) or South (aOR = 2.9 [95% CI = 1.6, 5.4]; P = .010) had higher odds of an opioid being given in the ED, prescribed at discharge, or both, compared to visits in the Northeast.ConclusionsAnkle sprain visits for patients ≤17 years of age had a lower odds of an opioid compared to visits for patients 18 to 24 years of age. Ankle sprain visits in the South or West had a higher odds of an opioid compared to visits in the Northeast. These findings provide a direction for future work aimed at minimizing exposure to opioids after an ankle sprain.
The Effectiveness of Core Exercising for Postural Control in Patients with Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Cabrera‐Martos Irene , Ortiz‐Rubio Araceli , Torres‐Sánchez Irene , López‐López Laura , Jarrar Majd , Valenza M. Carmen 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivePatients with stroke frequently present postural control impairment. This review aimed to assess the effectiveness of core exercising on postural control in patients with stroke.TypeSystematic review and meta‐analysis.Literature SurveySystematic review in the following databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, CINAHL, Scopus, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). Studies up to July 2019 were included.MethodologyStudies were included if the sample was composed of adults with stroke, the intervention followed a core exercising approach (alone or combined with another intervention), and the study was a randomized controlled trial including at least one measurement related to posture control. Studies were independently screened for inclusion and data were extracted by two researchers, with a third researcher arbitrating any disputes. Study quality was assessed using the Downs and Black scale.SynthesisAfter screening of 1540 records, a total of 14 studies met the specified inclusion criteria and involved 520 participants. Two studies exhibited “excellent” quality and five exhibited “poor” quality. The meta‐analysis was performed with data from the Trunk Impairment Scale (mean difference 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.69 to 1.27; P < .001), Berg Balance Scale (mean difference 0.27; 95% confidence interval, −0.25 to 0.79; P = .317), and Timed Up and Go test (mean difference −0.09; 95% confidence interval, −0.49 to 0.31; P = .656). The results favored core exercising alone or in combination with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation when compared with conventional training or proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation in patients with stroke. No significant differences in total values were found in the other measures.ConclusionsThe studies reviewed suggest that core exercising alone or in combination with other therapies had an impact on trunk performance when compared with conventional training in patients with stroke. However, total analyses did not show significant differences for the other measures related to balance ability analyzed.
Noninvasive Temperature Measurement in Dental Materials Using Nd3+, Yb3+ Doped Nanoparticles Emitting in the Near Infrared Region
Authors: Yakovliev Artem , Ohulchanskyy Tymish Y. , Ziniuk Roman , Dias Tereza , Wang Xin , Xu Hao , Chen Guanying , Qu Junle , Gomes Anderson S. L. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this work, the application of near infrared (NIR)‐emitting NaYbF4:1%Tm3+@NaLuF4:30%Nd3+ core–shell nanoparticles is reported for noninvasive probing and monitoring the temperature during photopolymerization of dental materials. When excited at 808 nm, the synthesized nanoparticles emit NIR photoluminescence (PL) with two distinctive peaks at 865 and 980 nm which correspond to radiative transitions from the doped Nd3+ and Yb3+ ions, respectively. Luminescence intensity ratio between these two bands is found to vary with temperature due to temperature‐dependent electronic excitation energy transfer between Nd3+ and Yb3+ ions at the core/shell interface. This finding allows luminescence ratiometric evaluation of the in situ temperature during photopolymerization of resin cement (doped with nanoparticles) in a veneer placement procedure. In addition, the NIR emission also enables PL imaging of the distribution of the adhesive under the veneer. The results highlight that rare‐earth ions–doped nanoparticles with both excitation and emission in the NIR spectral range are advantageous for both PL‐based nanothermometry and imaging due to the reduced attenuation of NIR light by dental ceramics.
A Systematic Review of the Root Canal Microbiota Associated with Apical Periodontitis: Lessons from Next‐Generation Sequencing
Authors: Manoil Daniel , Al‐Manei Khaled , Belibasakis Georgios N. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNext‐generation sequencing (NGS) has now been applied for a decade to characterize the microbiota composition of infected dental root canals associated with apical periodontitis. Here, the study aims at systematically and critically reviewing these reports within the outcome of interest selected; the microbiota composition in different endodontic infection types. Standard methodological guidelines as stated by the PRISMA and the Joanna Briggs Institute are followed, including a risk of bias assessment. A literature search is conducted using the PubMed Advanced‐Search Builder on April 8, 2019; only original research articles that investigated the microbiota of infected root‐canals by means of NGS are screened. Among the 26 articles initially identified, 18 are included and evaluated for the following parameters; sampling protocol, sequencing strategy, and microbiota composition. The endodontic infections include primary apical periodontitis (PAP), secondary apical periodontitis (SAP), and apical abscess (AA). All infection types are associated with a highly diverse microbiota. Although some taxa appear differentially abundant between PAPs, SAPs, and AAs, no evident clustering of the microbiota by infection type is observed. These studies collectively formulate a comprehensive map of the taxa associated with endodontic infections and provide evidence of compositionally unspecific, yet abundance differentiates, community profiles according to clinical diagnosis.
Generalized joint hypermobility in siblings with anterior cruciate ligament injuries and matched unrelated healthy siblings
Authors: Keays Susan L. , Newcombe Peter , Keays Anthony C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackground and PurposeAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures are common knee injuries, and siblings of individuals with an ACL injury may be at higher risk of ACL injury. Generalized hypermobility may be a familial factor predisposing siblings to ACL injury and may also relate to faulty lower limb alignment. There is a need to determine whether the interaction between hypermobility, family history, and faulty alignment makes siblings with hypermobility at higher risk for ACL injury so that appropriate preventative measures can be taken. This study therefore aimed to (a) compare the prevalence of generalized hypermobility and faulty limb alignment in siblings with and without injury and (b) assess the relationship between generalized hypermobility and lower limb alignment.MethodsIn this case‐controlled study, 24 siblings with ACL injuries from 10 families were matched with 24 healthy uninjured siblings from 10 unrelated families. Generalized hypermobility was assessed using Beighton's criteria. Chi‐square analyses compared generalized hypermobility and lower limb alignment between siblings and sibling pairs with and without injuries. Spearman's rho was used to assess correlations between generalized hypermobility and lower limb alignment.ResultsThere were significant differences between the number of injured and uninjured siblings demonstrating generalized hypermobility when tallied individually (p = .003) and in same‐family sibling pairs (p = .019). Significant (or close) differences were found between siblings for knee hyperextension (p < .001), knee valgus (p = .01), and foot pronation (p = .002) and for sibling pairs sharing knee hyperextension (p < .001), knee valgus (p = .06), and foot pronation (p = .06). Generalized hypermobility correlated with knee hyperextension (rs = .722; p < .001), knee valgus (rs = .385; p = .007), and foot pronation (rs = .328; p = .023).ConclusionsGeneralized hypermobility and faulty limb alignment occur significantly more frequently in injured than uninjured families. Screening for both features would assist in identifying at‐risk siblings. Prevention programmes reduce ACL injuries by 50–70% and should target hypermobile siblings of the ACL injured.
Aggregated Markov‐based reliability analysis of multi‐state systems under combined dynamic environments
Authors: Jia Xujie , Xing Liudong , Song Xueying 
Published: January 2020

AbstractReliability of a system may differ greatly when operating under different environments. However, the existing works have either neglected the environment factor in system reliability analysis or considered this factor for binary systems or systems subject to a single environment (parameter). In this paper, we make contributions by modeling a multi‐state system operating under hybrid dynamic environments affected by multiple environmental parameters. Different Markov chains with finite states are used to represent the random system behavior and dynamic environments, leading to an aggregated Markov process that models the overall system behavior. An effective approach based on state partitions and aggregations is suggested for assessing the system reliability indexes, including reliability, availability, multi‐point availability, and environment‐based reliability. A high‐pressure homogenizer system is analyzed to demonstrate the proposed model and show the comparison of the reliability of system under fixed and dynamic environment.
DIUTHAME enables matrix‐free mass spectrometry imaging of frozen tissue sections
Authors: Kuwata Keiko , Itou Kayoko , Kotani Masahiro , Ohmura Takayuki , Naito Yasuhide 
Published: January 2020

RationaleA recently developed matrix‐free laser desorption/ionization method, DIUTHAME (desorption ionization using through‐hole alumina membrane), was examined for the feasibility of mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) applied to frozen tissue sections. The permeation behavior of DIUTHAME is potentially useful for MSI as positional information may not be distorted during the extraction of analytes from a sample.MethodsThe through‐hole porous alumina membranes used in the DIUTHAME chips were fabricated by wet anodization, were 5 μm thick, and had the desired values of 200 nm through‐hole diameter and 50% open aperture ratio. Mouse brain frozen tissue sections on indium tin oxide (ITO)‐coated slides were covered using the DIUTHAME chips and were subjected to MSI experiments in commercial time‐of‐flight mass spectrometers equipped with solid‐state UV lasers after thawing and drying without matrix application.ResultMass spectra and mass images were successfully obtained from the frozen tissue sections using DIUTHAME as the ionization method. The mass spectra contained rich peaks in the phospholipid mass range free from the chemical background owing to there being no matrix‐derived peaks in that range. DIUTHAME‐MSI delivered high‐quality mass images that reflected the anatomy of the brain tissue.ConclusionsAnalytes can be extracted from frozen tissue by capillary action of the through‐holes in DIUTHAME and moisture contained in the tissue without distorting positional information of the analytes. The sample preparation for frozen tissue sections in DIUTHAME‐MSI is simple, requiring no specialized skills or dedicated apparatus for matrix application. DIUTHAME can facilitate MSI at a low mass, as there is no interference from matrix‐derived peaks, and should provide high‐quality, reproducible mass images more easily than MALDI‐MSI.
Sulfonated Graphene‐Oxide as Metal‐Free Efficient Carbocatalyst for the Synthesis of 3‐Methyl‐4‐(hetero)arylmethylene isoxazole‐5(4H)‐ones and Substituted Pyrazole
Authors: Basak Puja , Dey Sourav , Ghosh Pranab 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA straightforward, simple and unprecedented transformative protocol has been accomplished towards furnishing a wide variety of pharmaceutically promising functionalised 3‐methyl‐4‐(hetero)arylmethylene isoxazole‐5(4H)‐ones and 6‐Amino‐3‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,4‐[2,3‐c]pyrazole‐5‐carbonitriles. Sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO), a new class of heterogeneous carbocatalyst, was found to be efficient for thisone pot rapid conversion of isoxazoles and pyranopyrazoles from aldehyde. The prepared SGO was characterised by FEG‐SEM, HR‐TEM, FTIR and was recyclable up to 5th run without a significant drop in its catalytic activity. Metal free synthesis, good to excellent yield, high atom economy, usage of readily available starting material, operational simplicity, easy workup, and recyclable catalyst are the fundamental features of this protocol.
Long‐term projections of sea‐level rise from ice sheets
Authors: Golledge Nicholas R. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractUnder future climate change scenarios it is virtually certain that global mean sea level will continue to rise. But the rate at which this occurs, and the height and time at which it might stabilize, are uncertain. The largest potential contributors to sea level are the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, but these may take thousands of years to fully adjust to environmental changes. Modeled projections of how these ice masses will evolve in the future are numerous, but vary both in complexity and projection timescale. Typically, there is greater agreement between models in the present century than over the next millennium. This reflects uncertainty in the physical processes that dominate ice‐sheet change and also feedbacks in the ice–atmosphere–ocean system, and how these might lead to nonlinear behavior. Satellite observations help constrain short‐term projections of ice‐sheet change but these records are still too short to capture the full ice‐sheet response. Conversely, geological records can be used to inform long‐term ice‐sheet simulations but are prone to large uncertainties, meaning that they are often unable to adequately confirm or refute the operation of particular processes. Because of these limitations there is a clear need to more accurately reconstruct sea level changes during periods of the past, to improve the spatial and temporal extent of current ice sheet observations, and to robustly attribute observed changes to driving mechanisms. Improved future projections will require models that capture a more extensive suite of physical processes than are presently incorporated, and which better quantify the associated uncertainties.This article is categorized under:Climate Models and Modeling > Knowledge Generation with Models