bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grey matter abnormalities in Parkinson’s disease: a voxel‐wise meta‐analysis
Authors: Xu X. , Han Q. , lin J. , Wang L. , Wu F. , Shang H. 
Published: November 2019

Background and purposeThe pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains unclear. Voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) detects local structural differences in brain tissue such as grey matter volume (GMV) between groups, which is helpful in understanding the pathophysiology of PD. Published VBM studies of GMV changes in PD have shown inconsistent results. Therefore, a voxel‐wise meta‐analysis of VBM studies was conducted to detect consistent GMV changes in PD.MethodsThe published literature was searched comparing whole‐brain GMV between PD patients and healthy controls (HCs) using VBM. Coordinates were extracted for the clusters of significant GMV differences between PD patients and HCs. The meta‐analysis was performed by seed‐based d mapping software.ResultsA total of 63 studies with 2867 PD patients and 1990 HCs were included. Significant GMV reductions in some brain regions were detected in PD patients, which were involved in the basal ganglia, theory of mind, vocal and visual networks. These findings remained largely unchanged in the jackknife sensitivity analysis, and no significant heterogeneity or publication bias was detected.ConclusionsParkinson’s disease patients have GMV reductions in a number of brain regions involved in specific networks. These findings provide morphological evidence for the pathophysiology of PD.
Efficacy of the combination of doxycycline and azithromycin for the treatment of foals with mild to moderate bronchopneumonia
Authors: Wetzig Maria , Venner Monica , Giguère Steeve 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundGiven the importance of rifampin in treatment protocols for tuberculosis in people, its use in veterinary medicine is under increasing scrutiny in some countries and alternatives might be needed in the near future.ObjectivesThis study was set up to evaluate whether azithromycin combined with doxycycline is effective for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in foals and noninferior to the combination of azithromycin and rifampin.Study designThis is a controlled, randomised and double‐blinded clinical trial. Two hundred and forty foals on a farm endemic for infections caused byRhodococcus equiwere involved.MethodsFoals with ultrasonographic pulmonary lesions (lesion score 10‐15 cm) were allocated to 3 groups: azithromycin‐doxycycline orally (n = 81); azithromycin‐rifampin orally (n = 81); or untreated controls (n = 78). Physical examination and thoracic ultrasonography were performed by individuals unaware of treatment group assignment. Foals that worsened were considered treatment failures and removed from the study.ResultsThe proportion of foals that recovered was significantly higher for foals treated with azithromycin‐doxycycline (80 of 81) or azithromycin‐rifampin (81 of 81) compared with that of control foals (57 of 78). The difference in the percentage of efficacy of azithromycin‐rifampin vs azithromycin‐doxycycline was 1.2% (90% CI = −0.78% to 3.5%) which did not cross the predetermined noninferiority limit of 10%. Therefore, azithromycin‐doxycycline was noninferior to azithromycin‐rifampin within the predetermined noninferiority limit.Main limitationsThe study was performed on a single farm, and recovery rates may differ in other locations.ConclusionAzithromycin‐doxycycline was noninferior to azithromycin‐rifampin for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in this farm.
SA01 – A Proposed Zircon Reference Material for Microbeam U‐Pb Age and Hf‐O Isotopic Determination
Authors: Huang Chao , Wang Hao , Yang Jin‐Hui , Ramezani Jahandar , Yang Chuan , Zhang Shao‐Bing , Yang Yue‐Heng , Xia Xiao‐Ping , Feng Lian‐Jun , Lin Jie , Wang Tian‐Tian , Ma Qian , He Huai‐Yu , Xie Lie‐Wen , Wu Shi‐Tou 
Published: November 2019

A new natural zircon reference material SA01 is introduced for U‐Pb geochronology as well as O and Hf isotope geochemistry by microbeam techniques. The zircon megacryst is homogeneous with respect to U‐Pb, O and Hf isotopes based on a large number of measurements by laser ablation‐inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Chemical abrasion isotope dilution thermal ionisation mass spectrometry (CA‐ID‐TIMS) U‐Pb isotopic analyses produced a mean 206Pb/238U age of 535.08 ± 0.32 Ma (2s, n = 10). Results of SIMS and LA‐ICP‐MS analyses on individual shards are consistent with the TIMS ages within uncertainty. The δ18O value determined by laser fluorination is 6.16 ± 0.26‰ (2s, n = 14), and the mean 176Hf/177Hf ratio determined by solution MC‐ICP‐MS is 0.282293 ± 0.000007 (2s, n = 30), which are in good agreement with the statistical mean of microbeam analyses. The megacryst is characterised by significant localised variations in Th/U ratio (0.328–4.269) and Li isotopic ratio (−5.5 to +7.9‰); the latter makes it unsuitable as a lithium isotope reference material.
Alpine Hydrogeology: The Critical Role of Groundwater in Sourcing the Headwaters of the World
Authors: Hayashi Masaki 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGroundwater discharge in alpine headwaters sustains baseflow in rivers originating in mountain ranges of the world, which is critically important for aquatic habitats, run‐of‐river hydropower generation, and downstream water supply. Groundwater storage in alpine watersheds was long considered negligible, but recent field‐based studies have shown that aquifers are ubiquitous in the alpine zone with no soil and vegetation. Talus, moraine, and rock glacier aquifers are common in many alpine regions of the world, although bedrock aquifers occur in some geological settings. Alpine aquifers consisting of coarse sediments have a fast recession of discharge after the recharge season (e.g., snowmelt) or rainfall events, followed by a slow recession that sustains discharge over a long period. The two‐phase recession is likely controlled by the internal structure of the aquifers. Spatial extent and distribution of individual aquifers determine the groundwater storage‐discharge characteristics in first‐ and second‐order watersheds in the alpine zone, which in turn govern baseflow characteristics in major rivers. Similar alpine landforms appear to have similar hydrogeological characteristics in many mountain ranges across the world, suggesting that a common conceptual framework can be used to understand alpine aquifers based on geological and geomorphological settings. Such a framework will be useful for parameterizing storage‐discharge characteristics in large river hydrological models.
Waste glass in civil engineering applications—A review
Authors: Kazmi Danish , Williams David J. , Serati Mehdi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractEach year, hundreds of thousands of tons of industrial wastes are being stockpiled, landfilled, and disposed of in storages occupying large areas of land that would otherwise be available for productive use. Recycling of such wastes is now becoming of urgent global interest due to an increasing population, the rise in anthropogenic activities, and the need for more efficient resource and waste management systems. Among many wastes, the generation of glass is dramatically increasing, particularly in the municipal, industrial, and construction sectors. In civil engineering, in general, crushed waste glass has been mainly investigated as a substitute for sand and fine‐grained aggregate in concrete production. In geotechnical engineering, in particular, the application of glass wastes is mainly limited to road pavements or as an additive to different soils for subgrade improvement. While glass wastes are relatively inert and potentially offer several opportunities for recycling as a substitute for diminishing and increasingly expensive sand supplies, their potential use yet remains relatively under‐researched. This paper systematically reviews the current status of knowledge on the use of glass wastes in various civil engineering applications and discusses the suitability assessment of waste glass for use as a sustainable alternative to traditional civil engineering materials.
The Shared Agency of Photography in Gallery Education: Open Eye Gallery Discusses Its Rethinking of Gallery Education, through the Role of Photography as a Tool for Co‐Authorship and Co‐Production
Authors: Wewiora Elizabeth 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article describes a current project by Liverpool organisations Open Eye Gallery (Liverpool), Whitby High School (Ellesmere Port), recent partners Liverpool Hope University and Curious Minds. The school is in an area of high socio‐economic deprivation and low level of cultural engagement. The project seeks to support students’ photographic and digital skills, using co‐authored approaches to learning to raise young people’s overall aspiration levels. This article addresses conflicts / ethics of photography, social media and the digital in creative education today but ultimately seeks to champion photography as a tool for increased visual literacy when co‐authored between both school and cultural organisation.
Developing Expertise: Benefits of Generalising Learning from the Graphic Design Project
Authors: Ellmers Grant , Foley Marius 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe ability to transfer knowledge between design projects has been linked to developing expertise and, as such, is an important skill for designers. However, externalising and analysing the knowledge from the design project in ways that support transfer can be a challenge. This article explores how reflective practice can foster the conditions for knowledge transfer and links these outcomes with design expertise characteristics. A structured and critical approach to reflection was introduced alongside a graphic design project with the aim to foster the conditions for transfer to other projects. A case study strategy of inquiry was employed, drawing on a qualitative research approach, and framed by theories of reflective practice and cognitive psychology. The research demonstrates that graphic design students readily reach an ability to describe, analyse and make judgements from their design experience. However, the types of reflection that supports knowledge transfer from one design experience to another – generalisation and abstraction – are not as apparent. This outcome aligns with the behaviours associated with the expertise characteristics of a novice designer.
Drivers of bromeliad leaf and floral bract variation across a latitudinal gradient in the Atlantic Forest
Authors: Neves Beatriz , Zanella Camila M. , Kessous Igor M. , Uribbe Fernando P. , Salgueiro Fabiano , Bered Fernanda , Antonelli Alexandre , Bacon Christine D. , Costa Andrea F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimUnderstanding the complex interaction and relative contributions of factors involved in species and trait diversification is crucial to gain insights into the evolution of Neotropical biodiversity. Here, we investigated the drivers of morphological variation in bromeliads along a latitudinal gradient in a biodiversity hotspot.LocationAtlantic Forest, Brazil.TaxonA species complex in the genus Vriesea (Bromeliaceae).MethodsWe measured shape and size variation for 208 floral bracts and 176 leaves in individuals from 14 localities using geometric morphometrics. We compiled data for two chloroplast regions (matK and trnL‐F) from 89 individuals to assess genetic diversity, population structure and phylogenetic relationships. We tested the influence of climate, altitude and genetic distance on morphological traits using linear statistical models.ResultsTemperature seasonality is a main driver of floral bract shape. Together with precipitation, it also explains changes in leaf size across the latitudinal gradient. Shifts in morphological traits are correlated with genetic structure and partly support the recent taxonomic delimitation proposed for the species complex. The species started to diversify in the Pliocene ca. 5 Mya. We detected a phylogeographical break in species distribution into northern and southern clades between the Bocaina region and the southern portion of the Atlantic Forest.Main ConclusionsWe identify how geography and environmental changes through time shape floral bracts and leaves in similar ways. At highly seasonal sites with lower annual precipitation (in the southern subtropical portion of the Atlantic Forest), leaves are larger and floral bracts are wide‐elliptic, making them better suited for increased water accumulation. In contrast, at less seasonal sites (in the tropical north, where rainfall is more abundant and temperatures are higher), leaves are narrower and floral bracts are lanceolate‐shaped, facilitating water drainage. The biogeographical break we identified suggests a role of tectonic activity and climatic oscillations in promoting species divergence and diversification.
Blood pressure related to age: The India ABPM study
Authors: Kaul Upendra , Omboni Stefano , Arambam Priyadarshini , Rao Srinivas , Kapoor Sunil , Swahney Jitendra P. S. , Sharma Kamal , Nair Tiny , Chopda Manoj , Hiremath Jagdish , Ponde Chandrashekhar K. , Oomman Abraham , Srinivas Budanur C. , Suvarna Viraj , Jasuja Sanjiv , Borges Eric , Verberk Willem J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe present paper reports trends in office blood pressure (BP) measurement (OBPM) and ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM) with age in a large multi‐center Indian all comers’ population visiting primary care physicians. ABPM and OBPM data from 27 472 subjects (aged 51 ± 14 years, males 68.2%, treated 45.5%) were analyzed and compared. Individual differences between OBPM and ABPM patterns were compared for patients according to 10‐year age categories. Results showed that systolic (S) BP values started to increase with age from the age of 40, BP variability (SD) increased from the age of 30 years. Diastolic (D) BP values started to decrease from the age of 50 years. Mean OBPM values were higher than daytime ABPM values (all P < .001) in all age‐groups. The prevalence of white coat hypertension (WCH) and masked hypertension (MH) was based on OBPM and daytime, 24‐hour, and nighttime average BPs together. WCH decreased with age from 15.1% and 12.4% in treated and untreated subjects at the youngest age to 7.2% and 6.9% in the oldest age, respectively. MH prevalence was higher for untreated than for treated subjects but remained similar for all age‐groups (range of 18.6%‐21.3%). The prevalence of reverse dippers increased with age from the youngest to oldest group with 7.3%‐34.2% (P < .001 for trend). Dippers prevalence decreased from 42.5% to 17.9% from the youngest to oldest age‐groups, respectively (P < .001 for trend). These findings confirm that BP patterns show clear differences in trends with age, particularly regarding nighttime BP.
Externalising pathways to alcohol‐related problems in emerging adulthood
Authors: Hammerton Gemma , Edwards Alexis C. , Mahedy Liam , Murray Joseph , Maughan Barbara , Kendler Kenneth S. , Hickman Matthew , Heron Jon 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundBoth ‘early‐onset persistent’ and ‘adolescent‐onset’ conduct problems (CPs) are associated with alcohol‐related problems in emerging adulthood. The escalation of early CPs into criminal behaviour and heavy alcohol consumption prior to emerging adulthood are both likely to be important pathways.MethodsData were analysed from 3,038 young people in a UK birth cohort, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. The exposure was developmental trajectories of CPs (‘low’, ‘childhood‐limited’, ‘adolescent‐onset’ and ‘early‐onset persistent’) between ages 4 and 13 years. The mediator was latent classes representing heavy alcohol consumption and/ or criminal behaviour at age 15 years. For the outcome, a quadratic latent growth curve was estimated to capture nonlinear change in alcohol‐related problems between ages 18 and 23 years.ResultsThose with ‘early‐onset persistent’ [b(95% CI) = 1.16 (0.17, 2.14)] and ‘adolescent‐onset’ CPs [b(95% CI) = 1.31 (0.17, 2.45)] had higher levels of alcohol‐related problems at age 18 years compared to those with ‘low’ CPs’, but there was little evidence of an association with alcohol‐related problems after age 19 years. There was evidence for an indirect effect of ‘early‐onset persistent’ CPs [b(95% CI) = 1.12 (0.52, 1.72)] on alcohol‐related problems at age 18 years via the latent classes of alcohol and criminal behaviour in adolescence. This was not found for ‘adolescent‐onset’ CPs [b(95% CI) = 0.35 (−0.36, 1.07)].ConclusionsStrong associations exist between early CPs, adolescent alcohol consumption and criminal behaviour and alcohol‐related problems at age 18 years. Associations between early CPs and alcohol‐related problems weakened considerably across emerging adulthood.
Application of lidar remote sensing of insects in agricultural entomology on the Chinese scene
Authors: Song Ziwei , Zhang Baoxin , Feng Hongqiang , Zhu Shiming , Hu Lingna , Brydegaard Mikkel , Li Yiyun , Jansson Samuel , Malmqvist Elin , Svanberg Katarina , Zhao Guangyu , Bood Joakim , Svanberg Sune , Li Dunsong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractInsect pest management is a very important aspect for plant protection in crops production. Remote sensing provides a large number of techniques that are beneficial in entomological research. Although entomological radars have been used for studying migrations of insects for many years, most of entomological radar studies have been vertically tracing high‐altitude migration behaviour of insects. Light detection and ranging (lidar) is a counterpart to radar, now operating in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum, which has been recently applied for monitoring of insects at low altitude. Such techniques, in particular low‐cost continuous‐wave (CW) bi‐static systems based on the Scheimpflug arrangement, have been rapidly developing during the last decade. As a result, optical methods present new and fascinating possibilities. Based on experience from a 2‐week field campaign in rice paddy fields, we here present an overview of lidar remote sensing applied to the Chinese scene. The capability of a CW Scheimpflug lidar system in monitoring the insects was studied. We present results on insect abundance in relation to time of the day and weather conditions. We also identified insect species by analysing wing‐beat frequencies and studied their attraction to ultraviolet (UV) lamp located close to the horizontal laser sampling path during night time. Results showed that the insect species were abundant, that insects detected by the lidar system were attracted to light and that light rain increased the insect activity. The lidar detection system had a high read‐out frequency, enabling the estimation of insect wing‐beat frequencies.
“A Multi‐center, randomized, double blinded, comparative study of two hyaluronic acid fillers for temporary restoration of mid‐face volume in Asians”
Authors: Jung Joon Min , Lee Woo Shun , Kim Hak Tae , Moon Young Seon , Paik Seung Hwan , Lee Woo Jin , Chang Sung Eun , Lee Mi Woo , Won Chong Hyun , Kim Beom Joon 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere have been few studies using hyaluronic acid fillers to restore mid‐face volume deficit especially in Asians.AimsThis study compared the efficacy and safety of two highly cohesive hyaluronic acid fillers, Neuramis® Volume Lidocaine and Juvederm® Voluma® with Lidocaine (VYC‐20L), for temporary restoration of mid‐face volume in Asians.Patients/MethodsA total of 88 subjects with moderate to severe age‐related mid‐face volume deficit on the Mid‐Face Volume Deficit Scale (MFVDS) received Neuramis® Volume Lidocaine on one side and VYC‐20L on the other side of the face. Response was defined as a ≥1 point reduction in MFVDS at 24 weeks after the injection by photographic assessment. Secondary end points included photographic and live assessments of MFVDS and its changes at week 4, 12, and 24; global aesthetic improvements, as assessed by the investigators and the subjects at each visit; and the proportion of subjects who received touch‐up treatment.ResultsThe response rates of the sides treated with Neuramis® Volume Lidocaine and VYC‐20L were identical (96.39%) at week 24, demonstrating that Neuramis® Volume Lidocaine was noninferior to VYC‐20L. Photographic and live assessments of MFVDS and its changes, global aesthetic improvement, and the proportion of subjects who received touch‐up treatment did not differ significantly during follow‐up.ConclusionsNeuramis® Volume Lidocaine was not inferior to VYC‐20L in temporarily restoring mid‐face volume at 24 weeks after treatment. Both of these highly cohesive hyaluronic acid fillers can be used effectively and safely for the correction of mid‐face volume loss in Asians.
The Self‐Care of Heart Failure Index: A psychometric study
Authors: Koirala Binu , Budhathoki Chakra , Dennison‐Himmelfarb Cheryl R. , Bhattarai Priyanka , Davidson Patricia M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe Self‐Care of Heart Failure Index is an empirically tested instrument to measure self‐care of heart failure patients across different populations and cultures.AimsTo develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Nepali Self‐Care of Heart Failure Index.DesignThis psychometric study used a cross‐sectional, observational, study design to collect data. The study was guided and reported following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guideline.MethodsTo develop and culturally validate Nepali Self‐Care of Heart Failure Index, a combination of the recommended methods for cross‐cultural validation studies were applied such as translation, back translation, expert committee review of the translated version and validity/reliability testing. Face and content validity were ensured using expert review. Construct validity was examined using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Composite reliability scores were calculated for each sub‐scale of the Nepali Self‐Care of Heart Failure Index.ResultsA total of 221 heart failure patients in Nepal were enrolled in the study. Adequate face and content validity were ensured through expert review. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported the original three‐factor model. Although the three factors explained only 41% of the variance, confirmatory factor analysis fit indexes and error measures were found reasonable. The composite reliability coefficients for self‐care maintenance, management and confidence scale were 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8, respectively.ConclusionsThe Nepali Self‐Care of Heart Failure Index is a theoretically based, culturally acceptable and appropriate instrument for use among Nepali heart failure patients. However, further studies are needed to refine its psychometric properties.Relevance to clinical practiceAccess to reliable, valid and culturally appropriate instruments is crucial in describing the state of the problem as well as for developing and evaluating tailored and targeted self‐care practice interventions for Nepali patients living with heart failure.