bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Probiotics for Organic Matter and Enhancement of Growth Performance in White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Jefri Muhammed , Satyantini Woro Hastuti , Sahidu Adriana Monica , Nindarwi Daruti Dinda , Rozi Rozi 
Published: March 2020

HighlightsLitopenaeus vannamei has been established as alternative to Penaeus monodon to shrimp farming in several countries.Increased importance of in situ microorganisms both in regulating biogeochemical cycles within the culture environment and in directly affecting shrimp growth and survival.To improve water quality in aquaculture is the application of probiotics and/or enzymes to ponds. AbstractIntensive shrimp farming has raised environmental issues due to aquaculture pollution, which is caused by uneaten feed, feces, organic matter, and toxic compounds (ammonia and H2S). One way to solve this issue is by using probiotics. Thus, this study aimed at investigating the effect of probiotic administration (Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp.) at varying concentrations on total organic matter in the rearing water, feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency, and growth rate of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). This study used a Completely Randomized Design consisting of four treatments: T0 (without the probiotic supplementations), T1 (probiotics at 106 CFU/ml), T2 (probiotics at 107 CFU/mL), T3 (probiotics at 108 CFU/mL) with three replicates each. The results showed that the administration of probiotics at different concentrations had a significant effect on the total amount of organic matter, feed conversion ratio, feed efficiency, and specific growth rate of white shrimp. Administration of probiotics at a concentration of 107 CFU/ ml had the lowest organic matter in the rearing water, 138 mg /Lt. While probiotic administration at 108 CFU/ ml gave the lowest feed conversion ratio (1.22), the highest feed efficiency (81.57%) and the best growth rate (2.25%/day). This research suggests that the administration of 107-108 CFU/ ml probiotics could be applied to reduce organic content in the rearing water and improve the growth performances of white shrimp.
Spatial Distribution and Contamination Assessment of Lead (Pb) in the Seawater and Surface Sediments of the Coastal Area of Prigi Bay, Trenggalek, East Java
Authors: Yona Defri , Vernandes David , Kasitowati Rarasrum Dyah , Sari Syarifah Hikmah Julinda 
Published: March 2020

HighlightsConcentration of lead (Pb) in the surface water and sediment were analyzedThe ecological risks of metal in the ecosystem were assessedPb concentration in the surface water and sediment were observed in the similar range Pb in the study areas has low ecological risk indexConcern on Pb contamination in Prigi Harbor is neededAbstractThis study attempts to measure the spatial distribution of Pb in the seawater and surface sediments and to analyze its potential harmful effect in the surface sediments of the coastal areas of Prigi Bay, Trenggalek. Prigi Bay has been considered as one of the harbors with substantial activities from fisheries, tourism, and domestic events in Indonesia. These activities may discharge heavy metals, e.g., lead (Pb) into the environment and bring hazard to animal and human life. Data for Pb concentrations were collected from two stations near Prigi Harbor (Stations 1 and 2), one station in the Prigi Beach (Station 3) and two stations near the river mouths (Stations 4 and 5). Water quality parameters (temperature, salinity, pH, and DO) were also measured. Stations 1 and 4 displayed a higher concentration of Pb in the seawater than in the surface sediments. On the other hand, Stations 3 and 5 showed a higher concentration of Pb in the surface sediments than in the seawater. Pb concentration in the seawater was 0.22-0.60 mg/kg, and in the surface, sediments were in the range of 0.40-0.57 mg/kg. According to the analysis of contamination factor (CF), the study sites have a low degree of contamination from heavy metal Pb (CF < 1). The result was also supported by the potential toxicity of Pb to the benthic environment around Prigi Bay that was still considered low (E < 40). In spite of the low degree of contamination and low potential toxicity from Pb, concern regarding the heavy metal pollution in the study areas is still needed due to substantial activities that can contribute to the accumulation of heavy metal in a long time.
Trends in the Uses of Spirulina Microalga: A mini-review
Authors: Nege Aondohemba Samuel , Dewi Masithah Endang , Khotib Junaidi 
Published: March 2020

HighlightsTrends in the uses of Spirulina over different decades were critically examinedFindings from surveyed literature indicated that Spirulina utilization was mainly focused on its food and feed potential before the last 20-30 yearsThe review observed that research focused on the health and pharmaceutical uses, biofertilizer, bioplastic, cosmetic, bioenergy and pollution control applications of Spirulina are trends that sprouted out within the last 20-25 years.The review has successfully compiled numerous uses of Spirulina microalga for easy readership by readers since many studies have been performed on the uses Spirulina but reviews of this type spanning through different beneficial aspects of Spirulina are still scarce. Hence, this review fills such gap. AbstractThere is a need to have a single document that summarises the present day uses of Spirulina. In this review, the research trend on the health and other applications of Spirulina microalga was critically evaluated. In terms of the health uses, antioxidant, antibacterial, and immunostimulant effects of Spirulina were emphasized. Other uses of the microalga discussed include the use of Spirulina for human and animal food, bioenergy, pollution and ecotoxicology control, cosmetics, bioplastics and biofertilizers. Literature search revealed that Spirulina polysaccharides, phycocyanin size and content play a role in antioxidant activity and DNA repair. The double bonds and positions of –COOH and –OH in Spirulina phenol content and γ-linolenic fatty acids (γ-LFA) have antimicrobial activity. Some compounds in Spirulina improve immune, increase survival rate and enhance distribution of proteins like hepcidin and TNF-α in animal models. High protein, vitamins, fatty acids (FAs) and glycoproteins in Spirulina are easily digestible due to its lack of cellulose and can improve human and livestock growth. Spirulina produces biodegradable and non-toxic biodiesel and useful co-products. Absorption of heavy metals by chemisorption occurs in Spirulina. Phycocyanin and β-carotene of Spirulina increase skin health, Spirulina also cause high cell proliferation and aids wound healing. Bioplastics produced from Spirulina are biodegradable, non-toxic with high blends. Biofertilizers from Spirulina have little or no residual risks, adds soil Nitrogen through Spirulina Nitrogen fixation ability. In addition, the survey of published works on Spirulina for the past two decades indicates that more research is been carried out in recent years using Spirulina, especially studies involving its health potentials and those concerned with molecular analysis. In conclusion, Spirulina is an exceptional commodity with numerous applications, and probably, some of its compounds causing those effects are yet to be isolated and that is one area for further research.
Synthesis and Characterization of New Selenonitrone Derivative and Its Effect on Breast Cancer Cell Line Viability in Vitro
Authors: Et al. Haddad 
Published: March 2020

New nitrone and selenonitrone compounds were synthesized. The condensation method between N-(2-hydroxyethyl) hydroxylamine and substituted carbonyl compounds such as [benzil, 4, 4́-dichlorobenzil and 2,2́ -dinitrobenzil] afforded a variety of new nitrone compounds while the condensation between N-benzylhydroxylamine and substituted selenocarbonyl compounds such as [di(4-fluorobenzoyl) diselenide and (4-chlorobenzoyl selenonitrile] obtained selenonitrone compounds. The condensation of N-4-chlorophenylhydroxylamine with dibenzoyl diselenide obtained another type of selenonitrone compounds. The structures of the synthesized compounds were assigned based on spectroscopic data (FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The result spectra and the result of elemental analysis were verified the expected structure. The results of new selenonitron derivative (N1) effect on the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in vitro revealed that is an increase in the proliferation of cells with increased concentrations of selenonitron at all periods of the times.
Spectral Properties of Hybrid of Rhodamine (6G) Dyes Doped Epoxy Resin Dissolved in Chloroform
Authors: Et al. Al-Hamdani 
Published: March 2020

The research is dealing with the absorption and fluorescence spectra for the hybrid of an Epoxy Resin doped with organic dye Rhodamine (R6G) of different concentrations (5*10-6, 5*10-5, 1*10-5, 1*10-4, 5*10-4) Mol/ℓ at room temperature. The Quantum efficiency Qfm, the rate of fluorescence emission Kfm (s-1), the non-radiative lifetime τfm (s), fluorescence lifetime τf and the Stokes shift were calculated. Also the energy gap (Eg) for each dye concentration was evaluated. The results showed that the maximum quantum efficiency 62 % and maximum stokes shift 96 nm was obtained in dye concentration 5*10-6 and 1*10-4. The energy gap ranges between 1.066 eV to 1.128 eV depending proportionally on the dye concentrations.
Estimation of Survival Function for Rayleigh Distribution by Ranking function:-
Authors: Et al. Hussein 
Published: March 2020

In this article, performing and deriving te probability density function for Rayleigh distribution is done by using ordinary least squares estimator method and Rank set estimator method. Then creating interval for scale parameter of Rayleigh distribution. Anew method using is used for fuzzy scale parameter. After that creating the survival and hazard functions for two ranking functions are conducted to show which one is beast.
Representation of Algebraic Integers as Sum of Units over the Real Quadratic Fields
Authors: Baddai Saad A. 
Published: March 2020

In this paper we generalize Jacobsons results by proving that any integer in is a square-free integer), belong to . All units of are generated by the fundamental unit having the forms
our generalization build on using the conditions
This leads us to classify the real quadratic fields into the sets Jacobsons results shows that and Sliwa confirm that and are the only real quadratic fields in .
New Approach for Solving Three Dimensional Space Partial Differential Equation
Authors: Et al. Enadi 
Published: March 2020

This paper presents a new transform method to solve partial differential equations, for finding suitable accurate solutions in a wider domain. It can be used to solve the problems without resorting to the frequency domain. The new transform is combined with the homotopy perturbation method in order to solve three dimensional second order partial differential equations with initial condition, and the convergence of the solution to the exact form is proved. The implementation of the suggested method demonstrates the usefulness in finding exact solutions. The practical implications show the effectiveness of approach and it is easily implemented in finding exact solutions.
Finally, all algorithms in this paper are implemented in MATLAB version 7.12.
Prevalence and factors associated with frailty in hospitalized older Patients
Authors: HAMMAMI Sonia , Zarrouk Amira , Piron Cecile , Almas Ioana , Sakly Nabil , Latteur Veronique 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : Frailty is a multidimensional syndrome that leads to an increase of an age-related disorder of several physiological systems, and cognitive abilities decline. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of frailty among older persons in Belgium and we examined the factors associated with frailty with a principal focus en cognitive, dietary status, and inflammatory parameters Methods: A total of 124 participants (90 women, 34 men; age: mean ± SD: 85.9 ± 5.5 years) were studied, recruited from the Geriatrics department, Belgium. Nutritional, cognitive status and physical activity were assessed using Mini Mental State Examination score (MMSE), Mini Nutritional Assessment score (MNA), and Katz score, respectively. Frailty syndrome was evaluated using the modified Short Emergency Geriatric Assessment (SEGA) score. Medication and medical history were recorded. Analyzed biochemical parameters included C-reactive protein (CRP), complete blood count, blood creatinine, vitamin D level, and serum protein electrophoresis. According to SEGA score, participants were divided into non-frail (n=19), frail (n=25) and severely frail patients (n= 80). Results: The SEGA score was inversely correlated with MMSE, MNA and Katz score. SEGA score was negatively correlated to albumin levels (r = -0.30; p<0.001) and positively correlated to CRP, polypharmacy and age(r = 0.28, r = 0.37, r = 0.33 and p<0.01 respectively) . Logistic regression showed a strong association between frailty, Katz score, dementia, polypharmacy and living in nursing home. Conclusion : Our results provide useful information for understanding mechanisms of frailty. This will help to develop preventive strategies for the elderly at the pre-frailty stage.
More that unites us than divides us? A qualitative study of integration of community health and social care services
Authors: Mitchell Claire , Tazzyman Abigail , Howard Susan J. , Hodgson Damian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

The integration of community health and social care services has been widely promoted nationally as a vital step to improve patient centred care, reduce costs, reduce admissions to hospital and facilitate timely and effective discharge from hospital. The complexities of integration raise questions about the practical challenges of integrating health and care given embedded professional and organisational boundaries in both sectors. We describe how an English city created a single, integrated care partnership organisation, to fully integrate community health and social care services. This led to the development of twelve integrated neighbourhood teams, combining and co-locating professionals across three separate localities. The aim of this research is to identify the context and the factors enabling and hindering integration from a qualitative process evaluation.

Methods

Twenty-four semi-structured interviews were conducted with equal numbers of health and social care staff at strategic and operational level. The data was subjected to thematic analysis.

Results

We describe three key themes: 1) shared vision and leadership; 2) organisational factors; 3) professional workforce factors. We found a clarity of vision and purpose of integration throughout the partnership organisation, but there were challenges related to the introduction of devolved leadership. There were widespread concerns that the specified outcome measures did not capture the complexities of integration. Organisational challenges included a lack of detail around clinical and service delivery planning, tensions around variable human resource practices and barriers to data sharing. A lack of understanding and trust meant professional workforce integration remained a key challenge, although integration was also seen as a potential solution to engender relationship building.

Conclusions

Given the long-term national policy focus on integration this ambitious approach to fully integrate community health and social care has highlighted implications for leadership, organisational design and inter-professional working. Given the ethos of valuing the local assets of individuals and networks within the new partnership organisation we found the integrated neighbourhood teams could all learn from each other. Many of the challenges of integration could benefit from embracing the inherent capabilities across the integrated neighbourhood teams and localities of this city.
WITHDRAWN: Successful implementation of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol reduces nausea and vomiting after infratentorial craniotomy for tumour resection: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lu Dan , Wang Yuan , Zhao Tianzhi , Liu Bolin , Ye Lin , Zhao Lanfu , Zhao Binfang , Li Mingjuan , Ma Lin , Li Zhengmin , Niu Jiangtao , Lv Wenhai , Zhang Yufu , Zheng Tao , Xue Yafei , Chen Lei , Chen Long , Sun Xude , Gao Guodong , Chen Bo , He Shiming 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Infratentorial craniotomy patients have a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols have been shown in multiple surgical disciplines to improve outcomes, including reduced PONV. However, very few studies have described the application of ERAS to infratentorial craniotomy. The aim of this study was to examine whether our ERAS protocol for infratentorial craniotomy could improve PONV. METHODS: We implemented an evidence-based, multimodal ERAS protocol for patients undergoing infratentorial craniotomy. A total of 105 patients who underwent infratentorial craniotomy were randomized into either the ERAS group (n = 50) or the control group (n = 55). Primary outcomes were the incidence of vomiting, nausea score, and use of rescue antiemetic during the first 72 h after surgery. Secondary outcomes included postoperative anxiety level, sleep quality, and complications. RESULTS: Over the entire 72 h post-craniotomy observation period, the cumulative incidence of vomiting was significantly lower in the ERAS group than in the control group. Meanwhile, the incidence of vomiting was significantly lower in the ERAS group on postoperative days (PODs) 2 and 3. Notably, the proportion of patients with mild nausea (VAS 0-4) was higher in the ERAS group as compared to the control group on PODs 2 or 3. Additionally, the postoperative anxiety level and quality of sleep were significantly better in the ERAS group. CONCLUSION: Successful implementation of our ERAS protocol in infratentorial craniotomy patients could attenuate postoperative anxiety, improve sleep quality, and reduce the incidence of PONV, without increasing the rate of postoperative complications. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ChiCTR-INR-16009662, 27 Oct 2016, Clinical study on the development and efficacy evaluation of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) in Neurosurgery. KEYWORDS: enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), infratentorial craniotomy, anxiety, sleep quality.
Percutaneous Mastoid Electrical Stimulator improves poststroke depression and cognitive function in patients with ischemic stroke:A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, and Sham-controlled Study
Authors: Lu Taoli , he lanying , Zhang Bei , Wang Jian , Zhang Lili , Dong WeiWei , Yang Hao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Backgrond : Poststroke depression could lead to functional dependence, cognitive impairment and reduced quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of percutaneous mastoid electrical stimulator (PMES) plus antidepressant on poststroke depression and cognitive function.
Methods: This study was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, and sham-controlled study . 258 clinically depressed ischemic stroke patients within 14 d of index stroke were randomly assigned to PMES plus antidepressant (PMES group, N=125) and sham plus antidepressant (sham group, N=133). All patients underwent Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) test at 2 weeks (baseline), and 6 months after the stroke. Primary outcomes were the percentage of treatment response (≥50% reduction in HRSD score) and depression remission (HRSD score≤9) at 6 months. Secondary outcome was the percentage of MoCA score <26.
Results: The percentage of treatment response and depression remission in PMES group were significantly higher than that in the sham group (57.60% vs 41.35%, P=0.009), (44.00% vs 29.32%, P=0.014), respectively. The mean value of HRSD score change(M6-baseline) was significantly greater in the PMES group compared to sham group at 6 months (-11.93 ±5.32 vs -10.48 ± 6.10, P = 0.036). The percentage MoCA score <26 in PEMS group was lower than that in sham group(12.0% vs 24.06%, P=0.012), the mean value of MoCA score change (M6-baseline) was higher in PMES group compared to sham group (3.50±2.55 vs 2.72±2.52; P=0.005).
Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that PMES adjunctive to antidepressant therapy is effective in reducing depression, achieving remission in the short term, and improving cognition.
Trial registration: This trial was retrospectively registered (registration number: ChiCTR1800016463) on 03 June 2018
Does the McRoberts’ manoeuvre need to start with thigh abduction? An innovative biomechanical study.
Authors: Desseauve David , FRADET Laetitia , GHERMAN Robert B. , CHERNI Yosra , GACHON Bertrand , PIERRE Fabrice 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Guidelines and description about the achievement of the McRoberts manoeuvre are discordant, particularly concerning the need for abduction before the beginning of the manoeuvre.We sought to compare the biomechanical efficiency of the McRoberts’ manoeuvre, with and without thigh abduction. Methods In a postural comparative study, twenty-three gravidas > 32 weeks of gestational age and not in labour were assessed during three repetitions of two McRoberts’ manoeuvre that differed in terms of starting position. For the (i) McRoberts, the legs were initially placed in stirrups; for the (m) McRoberts, the legs were resting on the bed, with thighs in wide abduction. For each manoeuvre, flexion of the plane of the external conjugate of the pelvis on the spine (ANGce), hip flexion and abduction, were assessed using an optoelectronic motion capture system. Lumbar curve were assessed with Epionics Spine® system. Temporal parameters including movement duration or acceleration of the external conjugate were also computed. All values ​​obtained for the two types of manoeuvres were compared using a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test. The significance level was defined as p < 0.05. Results The starting position of McRoberts’ otherwise had no effect on the maximum ANGce ( p = 0.199), the minimal lordosis of the lumbar curve ( p = 0.474), or the maximal hip flexion ( p = 0.057). The other parameters were not statistically different according to the starting position ( p > 0.005). Conclusion Regardless of the starting position, the McRoberts’ manoeuvre allows ascension of the pubic symphysis and reduction of the lumbar lordosis. This results imply that the McRoberts’ manoeuvre could be performed with the legs initially placed in the stirrups.