bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability of ultrasound findings acquired with handheld apparatuses to inform urgent obstetric diagnosis in a high‐volume resource‐limited setting
Authors: Kodaira Yuichi , Pisani Luigi , Boyle Sonia , Olumide Salawu , Orsi Michele , Adeniji Adetunji O. , Pisani Enzo , Zanette Marianna , Putoto Giovanni , Koroma Michael M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the reliability of obstetric handheld smartphone‐based point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) in a resource‐limited high‐volume setting.MethodsA single‐center prospective observational study among women requiring urgent diagnosis and admitted to a maternity referral hospital in Sierra Leone from March to April 2019. Pre‐specified ultrasound findings were obtained with a handheld POCUS device; a comprehensive ultrasound examination was then performed by an experienced operator using conventional full‐feature apparatus. Agreement was assessed by diagnostic accuracy and Cohen κ‐statistics.ResultsOverall, there were 307 participants. The mean aggregated diagnostic accuracy was 95.5% (κ‐statistic, 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89–0.93; P < 0.001). Highest accuracy was reported for detecting free fluid collection in the abdominal cavity (100%; κ‐statistic, 1.00; 95% CI, 1.00–1.00; P < 0.001). Ultrasound findings obtained with the handheld device for intrauterine pregnancy, fetal heartbeat, cephalic presentation, multifetal pregnancy, and assessment of gestational age based on bi‐parietal diameter were highly reliable (agreement, >90%; κ‐statistic, >0.80). Detection of low‐lying placenta or placenta previa was the least reliable (κ‐statistic, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.13–0.93; P < 0.001).ConclusionHandheld POCUS findings were found to be reliable for detecting pre‐specified urgent obstetric findings in a high‐volume resource‐limited referral hospital.
Solitary synchronous gastric metastasis of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Koterazawa Shigeki , Watanabe Jun , Uemura Yuichi , Uegaki Masayuki , Shirahase Toshiaki , Taki Yoji , Adachi Yasushi , Ueda Michimsasa , Fukui Shouichi 
Published: November 2020

IntroductionThere have been some reports describing metastasis to the stomach from renal cell carcinomas. However, there are few reports describing solitary synchronous gastric metastasis of renal cell carcinomas.Case presentationThe patient was a 70‐year‐old woman who underwent an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to examine her progressive weight loss. There was a submucosal tumor in the stomach, which was biopsied. The gastric tumor was pathologically proven to be a metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Furthermore, contrast‐enhanced computed tomography showed right renal cell carcinoma invading the renal vein (cT3aN0M0). The patient underwent right radical nephrectomy and endoscopic resection for the treatment of the primary renal cancer and the gastric metastatic lesion, respectively. The resected specimen of the stomach had a clear resection margin.ConclusionEndoscopic resection for early stage gastric metastatic lesions of renal cell carcinomas is a reasonable approach because it is a minimally invasive surgical technique.
Exposure to mono (2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate facilitates apoptosis and pyroptosis of human endometrial microvascular endothelial cells through NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: An Lijuan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMono (2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) is a major metabolite of di (2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). This study aimed to observe the toxic effect of MEHP on human endometrial microvascular endothelial cells (HEMECs) and its potential molecular mechanism. HEMECs were exposed to different concentrations of MEHP (0, 50, 100, and 200 nM). Cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) and flow cytometry assays. Western blot was performed to examine the expression of apoptosis‐related proteins (Bcl‐2, Bax, and Caspase‐3). Moreover, the expression of pyroptosis‐related Caspase‐1 was detected by western blot and immunofluorescence assays. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release levels were evaluated in HEMECs treated with MEHP and/or Caspase‐1 inhibitor Ac‐YVAD‐CHO. After exposure to MEHP, NLRP3 expression was examined by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and western blot. LDH release and apoptosis levels were tested in HEMECs induced by MEHP and/or siNLRP3. MEHP significantly induced cell viability and inhibited apoptosis for HEMECs, with a concentration‐dependent manner. Furthermore, Bcl‐2/Bax ratio was distinctly reduced and Caspase‐3 expression was increased in HEMECs after exposure to MEHP. Western blot and immunofluorescence results confirmed that MEHP markedly augmented Caspase‐1 expression in HEMECs. Furthermore, LDH release levels were fortified in HEMECs treated with MEHP, which were improved following cotreatment with Ac‐YVAD‐CHO. At the mRNA and protein levels, NLRP3 expression was prominently increased in HEMECs exposed to MEHP. NLRP3 knockdown markedly ameliorated the increase in LDH release and apoptosis induced by MEHP exposure in HEMECs. Our findings suggested that exposure to MEHP facilitates apoptosis and pyroptosis of HEMECs through NLRP3 inflammasome.
Corrosion resistance of the nickel‐free high‐nitrogen steel FeCrMnMoN0.9 under simulated inflammatory conditions
Authors: Radice Simona , Impergre Amandine , Fischer Alfons , Wimmer Markus A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNickel‐free, high‐nitrogen austenitic steels (AHNS) have been introduced for biomedical applications, with encouraging results in terms of mechanical and corrosion properties. Here, we tested the corrosion resistance of a nickel‐free high nitrogen steel (FeCrMnMoN0.9) in bovine serum solutions containing 0 or 3 g/L hyaluronic acid (HA), and 0, 3, or 30 mM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) simulating no, moderate, or strong inflammatory conditions, respectively. Nondestructive electrochemical measurements (open circuit potential [OCP], linear polarization resistance “RP”, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) were run in triplicate over 10 hr. The presence of HA had no significant effect either on the stabilized OCP values, or on the corrosion resistance of FeCrMnMoN0.9. Increasing H2O2 concentrations shifted the OCP to more electropositive values; the corrosion resistance decreased only at a 30 mM H2O2. Final RP values at 0, 3, and 30 mM H2O2 resulted in 1598 ± 276, 1746 ± 308, and 439 ± 47 kΩ cm2, respectively. These values were 4–14 times higher, than the RP values measured on LC‐CoCrMo in our previous study, conducted under identical conditions. While these findings are encouraging, future studies need to focus on tribocorrosive properties of the AHNS to evaluate its applicability in joint replacement.
Quantum chemical investigation of structure and stability conformers (R)‐4‐menthen‐3‐one
Authors: Vakulin Ivan V. , Latipova Elvira R. , Rafikova Anna A. , Belkina Nadegda V. , Yakupov Iskander Sh. , Talipov Rifkat F. , Ishmuratov Gumer U. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this work, we study the structure and ratio of (R)‐4‐menthen‐3‐one conformers using ab initio methods. It was shown that the methyl group in (R)‐4‐menthen‐3‐one preferred an equatorial position. In the most stable conformer of the (R)‐4‐menthen‐3‐one, the methyl radical of the i‐Pr group is oriented to C=C double bond, so this group has a more steric hindrance effect on double bond. The ratio of conformers in solvents increases in favor of the most stable conformer.
Comparative efficacy and safety of bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (VTd) without and with daratumumab (D‐VTd) in CASSIOPEIA versus VTd in PETHEMA/GEM in transplant‐eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, using propensity score matching
Authors: Moreau Philippe , Hulin Cyrille , Zweegman Sonja , Hashim Mahmoud , Hu Yannan , Heeg Bart , de Boer Carla , Vanquickelberghe Veronique , Kampfenkel Tobias , He Jianming , Lam Annette , Cote Sarah , Sonneveld Pieter 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundTraditional bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (VTd) regimens for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) include doses of thalidomide up to 200 mg/day (VTd‐label). Clinical practice has evolved to use a lower dose (100 mg/day) to reduce toxicity (VTd‐mod), which was evaluated in the phase III CASSIOPEIA study, without or with daratumumab (D‐VTd; an anti‐CD38 monoclonal antibody). We used propensity score matching to compare efficacy and safety for VTd‐mod and D‐VTd with VTd‐label.MethodsPatient‐level data for VTd‐mod and D‐VTd from CASSIOPEIA (NCT02541383) and data for VTd‐label from the PETHEMA/GEM study (NCT00461747) were analyzed. Propensity scores were estimated using logistic regression, and nearest‐neighbor matching procedure was used. Outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), time to progression (TTP), postinduction and posttransplant responses, as well as rate of treatment discontinuation and grade 3/4 peripheral neuropathy.ResultsVTd‐mod was noninferior to VTd‐label for OS, PFS, TTP, postinduction very good partial response or better (≥VGPR) and overall response rate (ORR). VTd‐mod was significantly better for posttransplant ≥VGPR and ORR versus VTd‐label. VTd‐mod safety was not superior to VTd‐label despite the lower thalidomide dose. D‐VTd was significantly better than VTd‐label for OS, PFS, TTP, postinduction and posttransplant ≥VGPR and ORR, and was noninferior to VTd‐label for safety outcomes.ConclusionsIn transplant‐eligible patients with NDMM, D‐VTd had superior efficacy compared with VTd‐label. Despite a lower dose of thalidomide, VTd‐mod was noninferior to VTd‐label for safety and was significantly better for posttransplant ≥VGPR/ORR. These data further support the first‐line use of daratumumab plus VTd.
Applying the criminal narrative experience framework to missing children
Authors: Hunt Daniel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractOver 320,000 missing persons are estimated to go missing annually in United Kingdom due to a variety of intentional and unintentional factors. This article aims to investigate whether the criminal narrative experience framework can be applied to missing persons to acquire a deeper insight into the psychological differences between missing children. Sixty‐one previously missing persons completed a missing experience survey, narrative roles questionnaire, and emotions questionnaire. Data were content analysed and subjected to a non‐metric, multi‐dimensional scaling procedure in the form of smallest space analysis. The results identified four distinct behavioural themes as follows: depressed throwaway victim, distressed pushaway revenger, calm runaway professional and elated fallaway hero. Following a stringent criterion, 88.50% of the sample could be differentiated into one dominant behavioural theme with the remaining 11.50% identified as a hybrid theme. Due to the exploratory nature of the study, additional exploration of the applicability of the framework is required.
Influences of acid and ethanol stresses on Oenococcus oeniSD‐2a and its proteomic and transcriptional responses
Authors: Yang Kun , Dai Xianjun , Fan Mingtao , Zhang Guoqiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDDuring winemaking, malolactic fermentation (MLF) is usually induced by Oenococcus oeni owing to its high resistance to wine stress factors. To ensure a controlled and efficient MLF process, starter cultures are inoculated in wine. In previous studies, O. oeni strains with sub‐lethal acid or ethanol stresses showed higher freeze‐drying vitality and better MLF performance. To explore the mechanisms involved, influences of acid and ethanol stresses on O. oeni SD‐2a were investigated in this study to gain a better understanding of the cross‐protection responses.RESULTSThe results showed that acid and ethanol stresses both caused damage to cell membranes and decreased cellular adenosine triphosphate concentration. At the same time, acid stress increased the uptake of glutathione, while ethanol stress led to cell depolarization. The results of comparative proteomic analysis highlighted that heat shock protein was induced with almost all acid and ethanol stresses. In addition, the expression of stress‐relevant genes (hsp20, clpP, trxA, ctsR, recO, usp) increased greatly with ethanol and acid stress treatments. Finally, the viability of O. oeni was improved with acid and ethanol pretreatments after freeze‐drying.CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrated that acid and ethanol stresses had mixed influences on O. oeni SD‐2a. Some physiological and molecular changes would contribute to a more stress‐tolerant state of O. oeni, thereby improving the viability of lyophilized cells. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Scalar Translocation Comparison Between Lateral Wall and Perimodiolar Cochlear Implant Arrays ‐ A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Jwair Saad , Prins Adrianus , Wegner Inge , Stokroos Robert J. , Versnel Huib , Thomeer Hans G. X. M. 
Published: November 2020

Objectives/HypothesisTwo types of electrode arrays for cochlear implants (CIs) are distinguished: lateral wall and perimodiolar. Scalar translocation of the array can lead to intracochlear trauma by penetrating from the scala tympani into the scala vestibuli or scala media, potentially negatively affecting hearing performance of CI users. This systematic review compares the lateral wall and perimodiolar arrays with respect to scalar translocation.Study DesignSystematic review.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were reviewed for studies published within the last 11 years. No other limitations were set. All studies with original data that evaluated the occurrence of scalar translocation or tip fold‐over (TF) with postoperative computed tomography (CT) following primary cochlear implantation in bilateral sensorineuronal hearing loss patients were considered to be eligible. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers.ResultsWe included 33 studies, of which none were randomized controlled trials. Meta‐analysis of five cohort studies comparing scalar translocation between lateral wall and perimodiolar arrays showed that lateral wall arrays have significantly lower translocation rates (7% vs. 43%; pooled odds ratio = 0.12). Translocation was negatively associated with speech perception scores (weighted mean 41% vs. 55%). Tip fold‐over of the array was more frequent with perimodiolar arrays (X2 = 6.8, P < .01).ConclusionsScalar translocation and tip fold‐overs occurred more frequently with perimodiolar arrays than with lateral wall arrays. In addition, translocation of the array negatively affects hearing with the cochlear implant. Therefore, if one aims to minimize clinically relevant intracochlear trauma, lateral wall arrays would be the preferred option for cochlear implantation. Laryngoscope, 131:1358–1368, 2021
Expanded CAG Repeats in ATXN1, ATXN2, ATXN3, and HTT in the 1000 Genomes Project
Authors: Akçimen Fulya , Ross Jay P. , Liao Calwing , Spiegelman Dan , Dion Patrick A. , Rouleau Guy A. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundSpinocerebellar ataxia types 1, 2, 3 and Huntington disease are neurodegenerative disorders caused by expanded CAG repeats.MethodsWe performed an in‐silico analysis of CAG repeats in ATXN1, ATXN2, ATXN3, and HTT using 30× whole‐=genome sequencing data of 2504 samples from the 1000 Genomes Project.ResultsSeven HTT‐positive, 3 ATXN2‐positive, 1 ATXN3‐positive, and 6 possibly ATXN1‐positive samples were identified. No correlation was found between the repeat sizes of the different genes. The distribution of CAG alleles varied by ethnicity.ConclusionOur results suggest that there may be asymptomatic small expanded repeats in almost 0.5% of these populations. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Reversal of Temporal Discrimination in Cervical Dystonia after Low‐Frequency Sensory Stimulation
Authors: Erro Roberto , Antelmi Elena , Bhatia Kailash P. , Latorre Anna , Tinazzi Michele , Berardelli Alfredo , Rothwell John C. , Rocchi Lorenzo 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundSomatosensory temporal discrimination is abnormal in dystonia and reflects reduced somatosensory inhibition. In healthy individuals, both the latter are enhanced by high‐frequency repetitive somatosensory stimulation, whereas opposite effects are observed in patients with cervical dystonia.ObjectivesWe tested whether low‐frequency repetitive sensory stimulation, which in healthy individuals worsens discrimination, might have the opposite effect in patients with cervical dystonia at the physiological level and, in turn, improve their perceptual performance.MethodsSomatosensory temporal discrimination and several electrophysiological measures of sensorimotor inhibition were collected before and after 45 minutes of low‐frequency repetitive sensory stimulation.ResultsAs predicted, and opposite to what happened in controls, low‐frequency repetitive sensory stimulation in patients enhanced sensorimotor inhibition and normalized somatosensory temporal discrimination.ConclusionsPatients with cervical dystonia have an abnormal response to repetitive sensory stimulation, which we hypothesize is attributed to abnormally sensitive homeostatic mechanisms of inhibitory circuitry in both sensory and motor systems. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Towards real‐time free‐hand biopsy navigation
Authors: Beitone Clément , Fiard Gaëlle , Troccaz Jocelyne 
Published: November 2020

PurposePerforming a transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) prostate biopsy is at the heart of the current prostate cancer detection procedure. With today's two‐dimensional (2D) live ultrasound (US) imaging equipment, this task remains complex due to the poor visibility of cancerous tissue on TRUS images and the limited anatomical context available in the 2D TRUS plane. This paper presents a rigid 2D/3DUS registration method for navigated prostate biopsy. This allows continuous localization of the biopsy trajectory during the procedure.MethodsWe proposed an organ‐based approach to achieve real‐time rigid registration without the need for any probe localization device. The registration method combines image similarity and geometric proximity of detected features. Additions to our previous work include a multi‐level approach and the use of a rejection rate favouring the best matches. Their aim is to increase the accuracy and time performances. These modifications and their in‐depth evaluation on real clinical cases and comparison to this previous work are described. We performed static and dynamic evaluations along biopsy trajectories on a very large amount of data acquired under uncontrolled routine conditions. The computed transforms are compared to a ground truth obtained either from corresponding manually detected fiducials or from an already evaluated registration method.ResultsAll results show that the current method outperforms its previous version, both in terms of accuracy (the average error reported here is 12 to 17% smaller depending on the experiment) and processing time (from 20 to 60 times faster compared to the previous implementation). The dynamic registration experiment demonstrates that the method can be successfully used for continuous tracking of the biopsy location w.r.t the prostate at a rate that varies between 5 and 15 Hz.ConclusionsThis work shows that on the fly 2D/3DUS registration can be performed very efficiently on biopsy trajectories. This allows us to plan further improvements in prostate navigation and a clinical transfer.
Validation of the mobile verbal learning test: Illustration of its use for age and disease‐related cognitive deficits
Authors: Moore Raeanne C. , Paolillo Emily W. , Sundermann Erin E. , Campbell Laura M. , Delgadillo Jeremy , Heaton Anne , Swendsen Joel , Depp Colin A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractObjectiveWe developed a mobile cognitive test of verbal learning and memory, the mobile verbal learning test (mVLT), to allow for brief, repeated and portable delivery of a 12‐item list learning test through a smartphone. This study examined the psychometric properties of the mVLT among older persons with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).MethodsSixty‐eight persons with HIV and 36 HIV‐negative individuals (aged 50–74) completed three trials of the mVLT on a smartphone once daily for 14 days. A different word list was administered each day.ResultsParticipants completed 80% of the 14 mVLT administrations, equating to 1166 valid and complete mVLTs. Neither adherence nor mean mVLT total score (number correct in 3 recall trials) differed by HIV status. No practice effects from repeated mVLT administration were observed, and there were moderately strong correlations of mVLT performance with performance on the in‐lab version of the task and with traditional cognitive assessments of cognitive processes contributing to memory. We found evidence of within‐person learning across mVLT trials, with persons with HIV demonstrating less learning from trials 1 to 3 compared to HIV‐negative participants.ConclusionsThe mVLT is a valid method to assess learning in the real world in older adults with and without HIV.
3D phase‐resolved functional lung ventilation MR imaging in healthy volunteers and patients with chronic pulmonary disease
Authors: Klimeš Filip , Voskrebenzev Andreas , Gutberlet Marcel , Kern Agilo Luitger , Behrendt Lea , Grimm Robert , Suhling Hendrik , Crisosto Cristian Gonzales , Kaireit Till Frederick , Pöhler Gesa Helen , Glandorf Julian , Wacker Frank , Vogel‐Claussen Jens 
Published: November 2020

PurposeTo test the feasibility of 3D phase‐resolved functional lung (PREFUL) MRI in healthy volunteers and patients with chronic pulmonary disease, to compare 3D to 2D PREFUL, and to investigate the required temporal resolution to obtain stable 3D PREFUL measurement.MethodsSixteen participants underwent MRI using 2D and 3D PREFUL. Retrospectively, the spatial resolution of 3D PREFUL (4 × 4 × 4 mm3) was decreased to match the spatial resolution of 2D PREFUL (4 × 4 × 15 mm3), abbreviated as 3Dlowres. In addition to regional ventilation (RVent), flow‐volume loops were computed and rated by a cross‐correlation (CC). Ventilation defect percentage (VDP) maps were obtained. RVent, CC, VDPRVent, and VDPCC were compared for systematic differences between 2D, 3Dlowres, and 3D PREFUL. Dividing the 3D PREFUL data into 4‐ (≈ 20 phases), 8‐ (≈ 40 phases), and 12‐min (≈ 60 phases) acquisition pieces, the ventilation parameter maps, including the heterogeneity of ventilation time to peak, were tested regarding the required temporal resolution.ResultsRVent, CC, VDPRVent, and VDPCC presented significant correlations between 2D and 3D PREFUL (r = 0.64‐0.94). CC and VDPCC of 2D and 3Dlowres PREFUL were significantly different (P < .0113). Comparing 3Dlowres and 3D PREFUL, all parameters were found to be statistically different (P < .0045).Conclusion3D PREFUL MRI depicts the whole lung volume and breathing cycle with superior image resolution and with likely more precision compared to 2D PREFUL. Furthermore, 3D PREFUL is more sensitive to detect regions of hypoventilation and ventilation heterogeneity compared to 3Dlowres PREFUL, which is important for early detection and improved monitoring of patients with chronic lung disease.