bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the auto-road air and reducing its toxicity
Authors: Zaalishvili V B , Bekuzarova S A , Burdziev O G , Korbesova K V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In order to simplify the air purification method and increase its efficiency in our studies conducted on the Vladikavkaz - Rostov highway, the sections between the forest plantations are covered with a layer of zeolite-containing clay - allanite, and crushed corn stumps in 4: 1ratio. In this case, the stumps are pre-soaked in Zamankul mineral water, and toxic substances accumulating on the layer surface are planted: chicory, phacelia, winter camelina and annual clover species. Covering sections of the park zone with natural sources of local origin in the form of allanite clay with plant waste mixture - corn stumps, which have high sorption ability and saturated boron-containing elements of Zamankul mineral water, reduces the highway air toxicity to the maximum permissible concentrations. The analysis on the toxic substances content in the air showed that the method used and its application provide favorable conditions for a normal environmental situation on the highway. It was revealed that due to the placement of plants accumulating toxic substances along the roads in the Vladikavkaz city, their number decreased to safe, maximum permissible concentrations. Thus, the concentration of contamination with lead salts and metals from the control infected option 0.105 μg / m3 decreased to 0.018 μg / m3. The amount of zinc, nickel, manganese also decreased several times. A significant reduction in toxic elements was observed for sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds, carbon, ammonia, and methane.
Possibilities of using a microwave cavity to measure seismic vibrations
Authors: Zaalishvili V B , Melkov D A , Kozyrev E N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The study of dangerous natural and technological processes involves their quantitative measurement. Increasing demands on seismic devices require the search for the new high-precision methods for converting mechanical vibrations. It is shown that the creation of a highly reliable broadband and simple seismic converter is possible on the basis of a high-quality microwave generator based on a volume resonator with an H01 type wave, an important parameter of which is the frequency stability of the generated vibrations. The use of H01 type wave in a volume resonator based on a circular waveguide provides a high-quality factor of the resonator (cavity). A wave of type H01 has anomalous properties. The attenuation of this wave as it moves away from the critical frequency asymptotically tends to zero with an unlimited increase in frequency due to the presence of transverse (ring) currents. Moreover, with the radius of the waveguide R = (3÷4) λ losses several orders of magnitude are lower than that of the conventional waveguides. The design features of the resonators with ring currents of the H01 wave lead to the sneak wave currents self-filtering and to work on a “clean” wave of the H01 type. In addition to small losses, the use of an H01 wave can provide several other advantages.
Hydrogeochemical features of the North Ossetian artesian basin
Authors: Dzhgamadze A K , Dzeranov B V , Gogichev R R 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article considers the hydro chemical features of the North Ossetian artesian basin and the changes in its qualitative characteristics over the past 30 years. An increase in the rigidity and, accordingly, mineralization of groundwater in the southeastern part of the Ossetian artesian basin, which occurs against the intensive production background, both directly from the basin and beyond it in the nutrition zone of the aquifer complex is noted. The tendency to increase the rigidity and mineralization of groundwater in the Industrial zone of the Vladikavkaz city has been recorded since 1991, and goes on up to this day. The main version of aquifer pollution is justified by the presence of industrial waste from the plants of “Electrozinc” OJSC and “Pobedit” OJSC, as well as an intensive underground water production from the southeastern part of the North Ossetian artesian basin - about 50 production wells with a capacity of about 1000 m3 / day. Among the many conditions and factors affecting the water chemical composition formation, one of the most important is the active, in most cases, haphazard exploitation of aquifers both within the territory under consideration, in the north-eastern part of the city of Vladikavkaz, as well as outside it, where the recharge comes from the mining level.
Soil degradation and remediation
Authors: Bekuzarova S A , Burdzieva O G , Arkhireeva I G , Dzobelova L V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The global areas of degraded and diseased soils exceeded 1.2 billion hectares, that is, about 22% of the world’s agricultural lands. Losses from damaged soils account for -25% of the global crop. In addition, land is contaminated with heavy metals and radiation, especially in mountainous areas. The aim of the work was the study and analysis of soil remediation. The issue of using grass mixtures in phytoremediation and soil remediation has not been studied enough, therefore, the problem of using new plant species that can accumulate the pollutants from aboveground biomass, is considered. In the process of studying plants on toxic soils, their accumulating abilities were determined and used as phyto-meliorants. In separate experiments, the “phyto-indicator” plants mixed with annual plant species were used, which, when the maximum biomass was accumulated, were plowed into the soil mixed with zeolite-containing clays of local importance. The experiments’ results showed that with the help of indicator plants it is possible not only to improve soil fertility, but also significantly reduce the amount of heavy metals, oil products, radionuclides, residual effects of chemical agents to control weeds, diseases and pests. Organic waste of agricultural production, waste from alcohol production, as well as the leaf litter embedded in soil with biological products were of great importance in reducing soil toxicity. The results of the experiments showed a significant reduction in toxicants in the soil when using organic waste and plowing plants as green fertilizer mixed with zeolite-containing clays and biological products.
Seasonal variability of the content of heavy metal compounds in the water of rivers in the foothills of the Central Caucasus
Authors: Atabieva F A , Gekkieva S O 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The seasonal variability of the content of heavy metal compounds in the water of the rivers of the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus (Terek, Malka, Baksan, Ardon, Cherek and Urukh) was estimated based on long-term data. Generalizing studies affecting the basin features of the level of heavy metal compounds in the river waters of the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus have not been carried out over many years. Therefore, the objective of the study was to assess the level of heavy metal compounds (Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Zn, Pb) in river water at six observation points located in the foothill zone of the Central Caucasus, from 2005 to 2018. An analysis of data for a 13-year period to study the level of heavy metal compounds in the Baksan, Malka, Urukh, Terek, Cherek and Ardon rivers shows that water pollution of rivers by heavy metal compounds occurs to a greater extent in the summer rain flood and has a natural character.
Migration patterns of toxic volatile compounds in the atmospheric air of urban areas
Authors: Abramov A V , Pchelenok O A , Kozlova N M , Borisova I V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article presents the study results of the dynamics of persistent organic pollutants produced in the air during the decomposition of pesticide wastes. Analysis of the processes occurring in limited air volumes made it possible to establish patterns of changes in the concentration of such gases as hydrogen chloride and phosgene under the influence of a point source of their release. The obtained patterns complement similar studies conducted for more significant spatial scales.
The non-ferrous and noble metals deposits’ position and manifestation in North Ossetia-Alania regarding the anomalies of potential fields
Authors: Parada S G , Rybin I V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The relevance is determined by the need to create a scientific basis for the reassessment of known ore regions for the presence of highly liquid gold ores and the search for the new gold ore objects in previously unexplored territories to diversify the mining and metallurgical industries of North Ossetia (Alania). The purpose is to reveal the geophysical signs of non-ferrous and noble metals’ mineralization and potential gold content of ore-magmatic systems. The applied methods include the results analysis of the geophysical data use when performing the work within the prospective gold territories’ limits. A combined map construction of the gravitational and magnetic fields’ local anomalies based on the analysis of amplitude characteristics using a geophysical database of the Geological map of the Russian Federation on a scale of 1: 1,000,000 according to the sheet K-38.39 (Makhachkala) as well as the analysis of the spatial distribution of deposits and the manifestations of non-ferrous and noble metals relative to geophysical anomalies. The results obtained can be formulated as follows: the experience of using geophysical data when performing the work within the limits of the gold prospective territories in the Amur region is analyzed. The results of processing the data of the geophysical surveys results in the mountainous part of the North Ossetia (Alania) territory using modern methods for converting the potential fields are presented. The compiled maps of the gravitational and magnetic field’s local anomalies have been prepared. Within North Ossetia (Alania), spatial features of the deposits and ore occurrences of non-ferrous and noble metals with respect to anomalies of the gravitational and magnetic fields have been revealed. The confinement of the granitoid type ore-magmatic systems to negative anomalies of gravity has been established. It has been shown that potentially auriferous ore-magmatic systems are located within the limits of positive magnetic field anomalies.
Experimental research planning in existing production conditions with the aim of setting up a dust extraction system
Authors: Azarov A V , Zhukova N S , Nikolenko D A , Nikolenko M A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article lists the main reasons for reducing the dust extraction systems’ efficiency. The general principle of experiment planning is described. The use of a mixed fractional factorial plan with four factors at two levels and with two factors at three levels of variation is justified when using the shutters available in the dust extraction system. The condition that there is no need to exclude the insignificant factors (from the point of view of technical experiments), is established.
The standard justification for the municipal solid waste accumulation
Authors: Stefanenko I V , Azarov A V , Menzelintseva N V , Karapuzova N Yu , Statyukha I M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
MSW accumulation dynamics depending on the category of the facility, time of year, is examined using the example of the Dagestan Republic. The average standards for MSW accumulation of for the considered categories of objects per day, as well as the average and annual average are established. The lists of objects’ categories having the minimum and maximum range of changes in the ratio to the average seasonal depending on the season change are identified. The solid waste export frequency should be performed taking into account these characteristics.
The conceptual framework of time concept in assessing the environmental status in water facilities’ influence zones
Authors: Khetsuriani E D , Bondarenko V L , Ilyasov A I , Semenova E A , Khetsuriani T E 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The “Society” development at the present stage is characterized by a steady trend of limited natural resources, including water resources, in the limited conditions of further development, which determined a number of interconnected global problems (10), first four of which - Energy, Water, Food, Ecology are the most important problems. Without these problems’ solving it is impossible to solve the remaining 6 important problems. The water resources use in economic and other activities is interconnected with the existing and created water management facilities in the form of complex hydraulic structures within the basin geosystems with the initial ecological state, which should be determined and predicted. This methodological approach makes it possible to consider the alternative options when making the decisions on the water facilities’ location and creation in conjunction with the concept Time in assessing the ecological state in the basin geosystems spatial limits influence zones. The system mechanism operating within the basin geosystem under consideration and functioning as “Water Management Facility” as an “Activity Object” “AO”, as a class part NTE “NE – AO – P” provides the simultaneous ecological state “change” and “preservation” in space and time, where Time is a fundamental measure of environmental status. In Time flux ecological condition and unchanged past, speedy present and open future move forward under the “AO” and “NE” interaction process influence in the composition NTE “NE – AO – P”, which determines the Time concept when assessing the environmental status in the “AO” influence areas within the basin geosystem.
It was established that the ecological state in the “AO” influence zones in the composition NTE “NE – AO – P” varies from time from the accepted time source (construction start), which makes it possible to conclude: Time is the creation of new or nothing at all, and the ecological state in the «AO» influence zones is also the creation of a new one, as it is constantly changed and determined by irreversible processes.
Recycling of waste to secondary raw materials as a way to increase environmental safety of production
Authors: Sakharova A A , Sidyakin P A , Shchitov D M , Nesterchuk A V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Complex influence of the ground of waste of the oil refinery including three sections of a pond store, a pond evaporator, a pond - the store of synthetic fatty acids, a dump of solid industrial wastes, the card of viscous waste of production of additives on the environment is investigated. It is revealed that the main pollutant are oil products (oil hydrocarbons), the steady trend of their accumulation in the environment is noted.
It is established that extent of utilization of the petrowaste which is valuable secondary raw materials is small that leads to their accumulation on the grounds and sludge collectors which are sources of environmental pollution. Extent of recycling of production of additives is especially low that is explained by their complex structure causing the low productivity and high cost of technological process of their processing.
The scheme of the organization of monitoring of a condition of the environment around placement of the ground of waste including control of a condition of the atmosphere, underground waters and soils is offered.
Reduction of environmental pollution by waste of oil processing due to their greatest possible secondary use and consequently, and economy of scarce and expensive natural raw materials, it is possible only in the presence at the enterprise of the comprehensive program of waste management.
The theoretical and pilot researches directed to decrease in negative impact of the ground of waste of oil refineries on the environment are conducted, the method of liquidation of the map of viscous production wastes of additives with use of production wastes of the additive DF-11 (KEK) is developed.
Receiving sorption material from production waste
Authors: Katerinin K V , Sidyakin P A , Shchitov D M , Chernov P S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The method of liquidation of the map of viscous production wastes of additives is developed. The special collector of waste is developed for selection of waste from the card. Complex influence of the ground of waste of the oil refinery including three sections, a pond evaporator, a pond store of synthetic fatty acids, a dump of solid industrial wastes, the map of viscous production wastes of additives on the environment is investigated. It is revealed that the main pollutant are oil products (oil hydrocarbons), a steady trend of their accumulation in the environment is noted.
The main fields of purpose of production wastes of additives are defined. They are applied as special additives at production of concrete and concrete goods and designs with increased requirements on water permeability, frost resistance, in quality of the plasticizing additives in concrete mixes, as the additive increasing elasticity and extensibility of bituminous coverings. Production wastes of additives in production of paints water and composite the general and special purpose are introduced.
Production wastes of additives are used for recultivation of the lands polluted by oil and also purification of oil-containing sewage.
Ecologically safe construction of monolithic concrete structures
Authors: Nikolenko S D , Manohin V Ya , Mihnevich I V , Manohin M V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The construction of monolithic concrete vaulted structures technology is proposed. The technology involves in the factory conditions to produce a design based on pneumatic formwork. That allows all processes associated with environmental pollution to be transferred to factory conditions. At the construction site, environmental and human impacts are minimized.
Research into various modeling methods including the artificial neural networks in studying solar radiation for different regions in the Russian Federation
Authors: Haritonova Larisa 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The comparison of results obtained using the artificial neural networks (ANN) has been carried out in researching solar radiation for various regions of the Russian Federation with data modeling applying a spline interpolation preserving an interpolant shape or a polynomial (up to tenth degree) in the MATLAB environment obtained when using the MATLAB Basic Fitting-a graphical user interface (GUI). The neural network has been trained by the feed-forward backprop algorithm. The following functions were used: the Bayesian Regularization, the function of gradient descent with regard for moments, the hyperbolic tangent functions. The Mean Square Error (MSE) was chosen as a loss function which was minimized. The 15 input parameters were taken. As a result, the obtained model had high values of correlation coefficients and low values of the Mean Square Error among the target and the output values. The polynomial (up to tenth degree inclusive) coefficients and the norm of the residuals were obtained which were decreasing with the increasing of the polynomial degree. It was shown that the better results are received using the artificial neural networks (ANN), somewhat worse ones employing a spline interpolant and shape-preserving interpolant. At the same time, the proposed models and methods can be used in calculation of solar radiation for various regions in the Russian Federation and other countries.
Investigation of the Prognostic Significance of Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Gleason Score 7 to 10 Prostate Adenocarcinoma in Patients With Distant Metastasis After Definitive Radiotherapy
Authors: Mankuzhy Nikhil P , Almahariq Muayad F , Ye Hong , Amin Mitual , Stone Brandon , Krauss Daniel J 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We investigated the prognostic implications of neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) in prostate adenocarcinoma detected by chromogranin A (CgA) in patients who developed distant metastasis (DM) after radiotherapy.

Methods
Patients with Gleason score 7 to 10 conventional acinar prostate adenocarcinoma treated with definitive radiotherapy and with core biopsy CgA staining completed were reviewed. Patients who developed DM, defined as disease beyond the primary tumor or pelvic lymph nodes, underwent detailed chart review. Statistical analysis included Kaplan-Meier estimates and descriptive statistics to compare based on quantification of CgA staining.

Results
Thirty-five patients had confirmed DM. Twenty-five patients had less than 1% of cells staining positive for CgA, and 10 patients had more than 1%. Median overall survival (OS) time was 3.26 and 1.04 years, respectively (P = .52). Median cause-specific survival (CSS) was 6.15 and 1.04 years, respectively (P = .21). Fifty-six percent of patients with CgA less than 1% died of prostate cancer compared with 90% of those with CgA more than 1% (P = .059). There were no significant differences in sites of metastatic disease or administration of systemic therapies.

Conclusions
No significant differences in OS and CSS were observed based on NED detected by CgA. Reduced median survival time and increased cancer-related death in cases with focal NED generates the hypothesis of inferior outcomes among patients with documented DM.
Neurotoxic alkaloid in pollen and nectar excludes generalist bees from foraging at death-camas,Toxicoscordion paniculatum(Melanthiaceae)
Authors: Cane James H , Gardner Dale R , Weber Melissa 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMany plants produce broadly active toxins to which specialist herbivores—typically insects—have evolved counter-adaptations, sometimes spawning co-evolutionary arms races. Many non-social bee species are likewise taxonomic host specialists, but the specialists’ pollen hosts frequently attract diverse floral generalists as well, even to flowers of plants that are otherwise chemically defended. In this study of foothills death-camas, Toxicoscordion paniculatum (Nutt.) Rydberg (formerly Zigadenus), we show that its pollen and nectar both contain zygacine, the steroidal alkaloid responsible for this plant’s notorious mammalian toxicity. Hungry naïve adults of a generalist solitary bee, Osmia lignaria Say (Megachilidae), would briefly drink death-camas nectar or biologically relevant doses of zygacine in syrup, followed by prolonged bouts of irritable tongue grooming; many became paralyzed and some even died. Larvae fed dosed provision masses likewise often ceased feeding and sometimes died. Prolonged irritation and subsequent deterrence of foraging O. lignaria likely illustrates why it and 50+ other vernal bee species were absent from death-camas flowers in a five-state survey. The sole visiting bee, Andrena astragali, foraged exclusively at death-camas flowers for pollen and nectar. Thus, a toxic alkaloid found in death-camas pollen and nectar deters generalist bees from flowers of this pollinator-dependent monocot, restricting visitation to a single specialist bee that tolerates death-camas toxins and is its likely pollinator.