bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faktor resiko mastitis subklinis pada Kambing Peranakan Etawah di Kecamatan Kokap, Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta
Authors: Andityas Morsid , Artdita Clara Ajeng , Prihanani Nur Ika 
Published: December 2020

<p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Tujuan:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> Mastitis merupakan suatu peradangan yang terjadi pada glandula intramamari sebagai respon dari mekanisme pertahanan tubuh. Kejadian dan tingkat infeksi mastitis sangat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai macam faktor penyebab. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor resiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian mastitis subklinis pada kambing peranakan etawah (PE) di Kecamatan Kokap, Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta.</span></p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Metode:</span></strong><span lang="EN-US">Jenis metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode survei. Teknik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah <em>purposive sampling</em> dengan jumlah 200 sampel susu segar dari kambing PE. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara (kuesioner), pengamatan langsung dan pengujian status mastitis dengan menggunakan reagen <em>California Mastitis Test </em>(CMT). Data penelitan ini dianalisis secara diskriptif dan analisis <em>bivariat chi square</em> (X<sup>2</sup>), <em>Odds </em></span><em><span lang="EN-US">Ratio </span></em><span lang="EN-US">(OR), serta <em>Relative risk</em> (RR).</span></p><p class="MDPI17abstract"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Hasil: </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">Hasil</span><span lang="EN-US">penelitian</span><span lang="EN-US"> menunjukan bahwa faktor resiko yang berperan terhadap kejadian mastitis subklinis di Kecamatan Kokap</span><span lang="IN"> adalah</span><span lang="EN-US"> variabel umur sapih &lt;2 bulan (X<sup>2</sup>=22,99; OR=21,13 dan RR=13,2) dan jarak pembuangan limbah &lt;15 m dari kandang (X<sup>2</sup>=3,98; OR=</span><span lang="IN">6</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span lang="IN">52</span><span lang="EN-US"> dan RR=</span><span lang="IN">5</span><span lang="EN-US">,4</span><span lang="IN">4</span><span lang="EN-US">).</span></p><p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Kesimpulan: </span></strong><span lang="EN-US">Variabel faktor resiko umur sapih &lt;2 bulan dan jarak pembuangan limbah &lt;15 m dari kandang memiliki asosiasi kuat dengan infeksi mastitis subklinis di Kecamatan Kokap, Kulonprogo, Yogyakarta.</span></p>
Characterization and Delineation of Gypsum Karst Geohazards Using 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography in Culberson County, Texas, USA
Authors: Majzoub Adam F. , Stafford Kevin W. , Brown Wesley A. , Ehrhart Jon T. 
Published: December 2020

The Delaware Basin of W Texas and SE New Mexico is the western subdivision of the Permian Basin and a northern extension of the Chihuahuan Desert. The major evaporite unit within the Delaware Basin is the Castile Formation, which consists of gypsum/anhydrite and is highly susceptible to dissolution and karstification. Manifestations of karst within the Castile outcrop are abundant and include sinkholes, subsidence features and caves, both epigene and hypogene in origin. Land reconnaissance surveys conducted during 2015 and 2016 documented abundant karst landforms near major thoroughfares in Culberson County, Texas. Two dimensional (2D) electrical resistivity surveys were conducted at four sites to characterize and delineate karst related hazards, both laterally and vertically, associated with the road. The electrical resistivity data were collected with a multi-electrode earth resistivity meter using a dipole-dipole array configuration. The resistivity data were then processed using EarthImager2D to produce inverted profile sections of each site. Two-dimensional electrical resistivity tomography was shown to be an effective non-invasive method in detecting solution conduits, soil filled voids, and fractured bedrock in the shallow subsurface in addition to those directly observed on the surface.
The Determination of the Burial Depth of Coal Measure Strata Using Electromagnetic Data
Authors: Xue Guo-qiang , Chen Kang , Chen Wei-ying , Tian Zhongbin 
Published: December 2020

The water-rich zones in the coal fields of Northern China have seriously threatened the safe production of coal mines. It is necessary to accurately locate the deep seated and complex water bodies which are usually located in Ordovician limestone. Due to the relatively high cost of seismic exploration, the development effective electromagnetic detection methods and corresponding data processing techniques for the detection of these water-rich areas becomes a topic for the EM geophysicist. In this study, a method of rapidly estimating the burial depth and undulating morphology of coal bed foundations by employing frequency domain electromagnetic sounding data was proposed. The method uses the overshoot/undershoot phenomenon of the apparent resistivity for the frequency domain electromagnetic measurement to quantitatively determine the burial depth of the northern China coal structure bases. First, the featured frequency points were confirmed, where the overshoot and undershoot effects appeared in the electromagnetic sounding curves beside the borehole drilling sites. Then, the correlation coefficient between the confirmed frequency points and the burial depth of coal seam bed was obtained according to the drilling data. Finally, the burial depth of the coal seam beds in the entire survey area was evaluated based on the correlation coefficient and electromagnetic data. This method was applied in the northern areas of Taiyuan City in Shanxi Province, and achieved good results. [Figure: see text]
Numerical Analysis of Land-Based Inline-Source Configuration for the Controlled-Source Electromagnetic Method
Authors: Li Hai , Xue Guo-qiang , Di Qing-yun 
Published: December 2020

The geometry of source and receiver is one of the most crucial factors for the success of a controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) investigation. The inline electric-source configuration, widely used in the marine CSEM method, is not commonly employed for land CSEM surveys. To examine the feasibility of the inline electric-source time domain electromagnetic method (TEM), we first analyzed the optimal observing area for the land-based electric-dipole source by imaging the distribution of each component and the anomalies caused by a resistive or conductive target layer. Then, we conducted an error-space analysis to evaluate the sensitivity of each inline component based on the result of the optimal observation area. Finally, we collected field data from a typical inline dipole-dipole configuration and inverted the data with an algorithm based on Occam's principle. [Figure: see text]
The Effects of 3D Electrical Anisotropy on Magnetotelluric Responses: Synthetic Case Studies
Authors: Kong Wenxin , Lin Changhong , Tan Handong , Peng Miao , Tong Tuo , Wang Mao 
Published: December 2020

Using the staggered-grid finite difference method, a numerical modeling algorithm for a 3D arbitrary anisotropic Earth is implemented based on magnetotelluric (MT) theory. After the validation of this algorithm and comparison with predecessors, it was applied to several qualitative and quantitative analyses containing electrical anisotropy and a simple 3D prism model. It was found that anisotropic parameters for ρ1 , ρ2 , and ρ3 play almost the same role in affecting 3D MT responses as in 1D and 2D without considering three Euler's angles αS, αD, and αL. Significant differences appear between the off-diagonal components of the apparent resistivity tensor and also between the diagonal components in their values and distributing features under the influence of 3D anisotropy, which in turn help to identify whether the MT data are generated from 3D anisotropic earth. Considering the deflecting effects arising from the inconsistency between the anisotropy axes and the measuring axes, some strategies are also provided to estimate the deflecting angles associated with anisotropy strike αS or dip αD, which may be used as initial values for the 3D anisotropy inversion. [Figure: see text]
Induced Polarization and Resistivity of Second Potential Differences (SPD) with Focused Sources Applied to Environmental Problems
Authors: López-González Aide E. , Tejero-Andrade Andrés , Hernández-Martínez Jejanny L. , Prado Blanca , Chávez René E. 
Published: December 2020

A novel technique is proposed to improve shallow induced polarization (IP) and resistivity survey results. We propose the apparent resistivity and apparent chargeability of second potential differences (SPD), employing two focused sources (FS) mathematically manipulated by superposition. To test the idea, a synthetic model is developed with two bodies. The first body is a small shallow heterogeneity which is above the second and larger body. This synthetic model illustrates the shape and response of the apparent resistivity and chargeability for FS under the random noise and masking effect. These processes reduce electromagnetic coupling, telluric noise, contamination in channel links, and small heterogeneous responses. A field test of the SPD for FS was carried out in an agricultural site irrigated with wastewater, where contaminated water laden with metals has been accumulating for years in the soil. Soil samples were collected and analyzed throughout the geophysical survey to correlate the resistivity-IP results. Soil laboratory analysis included metal content, moisture content and texture. The parameters computed after applying the SPD for FS depicted a better lateral resolution where vertical and horizontal boundaries of the anomaly zones were well defined. It was possible to determine the low permeability horizontal layer made of clay-soil (called tepetate), which is a barrier for water and metals.
Quantifying Erosion of Downhole Solids Control Equipment during Openhole, Multistage Fracturing
Authors: Dikshit Ashutosh , Woiceshyn Glenn , Agnihotri Vivek , Chochua Gocha , Noor Mohd Nazri Bin Md 
Published: December 2020

SummaryProppant flowback from hydraulic fracturing is widespread and costly due to erosion and/or blockage of producing hydrocarbons as proppant may accumulate downhole. Several strategies have been applied to avoid or minimize proppant flowback, such as treatment optimization to maximize pack stability, resin-coated proppant, limiting drawdown, or letting it flow to deal with the consequences later. Another strategy to avoid proppant flowback is to install sand control equipment integrated into a sliding sleeve device (SSD) as part of the completion string. Although the presence of sand control equipment can mitigate the problem, it raises concern about erosion during fracturing. Although some installations have been successful, one is known to have experienced sand control failure. This study aimed to understand the effect of hydraulic fracturing on the erosion of completion equipment with an objective of improving the design to, as much as possible, prevent erosion failure. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to evaluate the root cause and identify more robust design solutions.The first step was to identify the most probable causes of sand control failure during multistage fracturing (MSF) in openhole (OH) horizontals. The as-is completion was then modeled, along with the screen, SSD, fracturing port, and OH isolation packer. Because the fracture location between two packers is unknown, and the fracturing port was located between multiple screen/SSD assemblies, annular flow across the assembly in both directions was considered. State-of-the-art CFD simulations were then performed on the installed design using actual flow conditions (rates, slurry properties, treatment time) from the failed installation. A new quasidynamic mesh (QDM) methodology was developed, which yielded more realistic (albeit still conservative) erosion-depth predictions. The results revealed areas for improving the design of key components of the 10-ksi-rated system, and CFD was rerun to confirm erosion resistance targets. Design modifications were implemented, and improved products were then manufactured and field tested. For a new 15-ksi design, particle–particle interaction was added to the CFD analysis. The results of the CFD analysis and field test are presented herein.
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus HDB1258 Modulates Gut Microbiota-Mediated Immune Response in Mice with or Without LPS-Induced Systemic Inflammation
Authors: Han Sang-Kap , Shin Yeon-Jeong , Lee Dong-Yeon , Kim Kyung Min , Yang Seo-Jin , Kim Du Seong , Choi Ji-Whi , Lee Seunghun , Kim Dong-Hyun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Gut microbiota closely communicate in the immune system to maintain a balanced immune homeostasis in the gastrointestinal tract of the host. Oral administration of probiotics modulates gut microbiota composition. In the present study, we isolated Lactobacillus rhamnosus HDB1258, which induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-10 expression in macrophages, from the feces of breastfeeding infants and examined how HDB1258 could regulate the homeostatic immune response in mice with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation. Results Oral administration of HDB1258 significantly increased splenic NK cell cytotoxicity, peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis, splenic and colonic TNF-α expression, TNF-α to IL-10 expression ratio, and fecal IgA level in control mice, while Th1 and Treg cell differentiation was not affected in the spleen. However, HDB1258 treatment significantly suppressed peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis and blood prostaglandin E2 level in mice with LPS-induced systemic inflammation. Its treatment increased LPS-suppressed ratios of Treg to Th1 cell population, Foxp3 to T-bet expression, and IL-10 to TNF-α expression. Oral administration of HDB1258 significantly decreased LPS-induced colon shortening, myeloperoxidase activity and NF-κB+/CD11c+ cell population in the colon, while the ratio of IL-10 to TNF-α expression increased. Moreover, HDB1258 treatment shifted gut microbiota composition in mice with and without LPS-induced systemic inflammation: it increased the Cyanobacteria and PAC000664_g (belonging to Bacteroidetes) populations and reduced Deferribacteres and EU622763_s group (belonging to Bacteroidetes) populations. In particular, PAC001066_g and PAC001072_s populations were negatively correlated with the ratio of IL-10 to TNF-α expression in the colon, while the PAC001070_s group population was positively correlated. Conclusions Oral administered HDB1258 may enhance the immune response by activating innate immunity including to macrophage phagocytosis and NK cell cytotoxicity in the healthy host and suppress systemic inflammation in the host with inflammation by the modulation of gut microbiota and IL-10 to TNF-α expression ratio in immune cells. Keywords: Lactobacillus rhamnosus HDB1258; immunomodulation; immune enhancement; inflammation; gut microbiota.
Soil Aggregates Stability and Carbon Density Under Three Plantations on Loess Plateau, China
Authors: dong Lili , KOU Meng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
[Background] This paper aimed to research the influence of types of plantations on soil aggregate stability and carbon density. The soils of Robinia pseudoacacia, Pinus tabulaeformis and M. pumila plantations were selected as the research objects in the south of Loess Plateau. The mass percentages of soil water stable aggregates with different sizes were measured by fast wetting method, and then, the mean weight diameter (MWD) was calculated to asses soil aggregate stability. Soil organic carbon, inorganic carbon and bulk density were analyzed using traditional analysis methods. The roles played by soil organic and inorganic carbon in the formation of water stable aggregates were discussed. [Results] The content of soil organic carbon and MWD was significantly higher in P. tabuliformis plantation compared with R. pseudoacacia and M. pumila plantations. Conversely, the content of soil calcium carbonate and total carbon density was the lowest in P. tabuliformis plantation. Soil organic carbon was the highest at the surface soils (0-10 cm), which was 2.21-3.96, 2.10-3.00 and 1.65-2.53 times compared with subsurface soils in Robinia pseudoacacia, Pinus tabulaeformis and M. pumila plantations respectively. While soil carbonate calcium and inorganic carbon density fluctuated with the increasing of soil layers. Aggregate organic carbon increased while carbonate calcium content decreased with the increasing of aggregate size respectively. [Conclusion] We concluded that: (1) P. tabuliformis played a more important role in soil organic carbon sequestration compared with R. pseudoacacia and M. pumila; (2) there was a threshold value of carbonate calcium content, when it was lower or higher than this threshold, it had positive or negative correlation with MWD; (3) bigger water stable aggregates had higher soil organic matter and lower carbonate calcium.
Association Between ZFHX3 and PRRX1 Genes’ Two Common Polymorphisms and Atrial Fibrillation Susceptibility in Asians
Authors: Wu Liting , Chu Ming , Zhuang Wenfang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundOne of the common sustained cardiac arrhythmia disorders is atrial fibrillation (AF), nowadays, results concerning the associations between ZFHX3/PRRX1 genes and AF has been widely reported. A meta-analysis to confirm above associations is necessary to be carried out in time. MethodsThe PubMed, Embase and Wanfang databases were conducted for searching, covering all publications before 20th July, 2020. ResultsOverall, seven articles including 3,674 cases and 8,990 healthy controls about ZFHX3 rs2106261 and 1045 cases and 1407 controls for PRRX1 rs3903239 were included. Odds ratio (OR)[95% confidence interval (CI)] was applied to assess the associations. Publication bias was calculated by both Egger’s and Begg’s tests. After calculated, we found that ZFHX3 rs2106261 polymorphism potential increased AF risk in Asians (for example: allelic contrast: OR [95%CI]: 1.39[1.31-1.47], P < 0.001). Similarly, stratified analysis by source of control and genotype method, also increased associations were detected (for example: allelic contrast: OR[95%CI] = 1.51[1.38-1.64], P < 0.001 for HB; OR[95%CI]: 1.31[1.21-1.41], P < 0.001 for PB; OR[95%CI] = 1.55[1.33-1.80], P < 0.001 for TaqMan; OR[95%CI] = 1.31[1.21-1.41], P < 0.001 for HRM). On the other hand, decreased relationship was observed between PRRX1 rs3903239 polymorphism and AF risk (C-allele vs. T-allele: OR[95%CI] = 0.83[0.77-0.99], P = 0.036; CT vs. TT: OR[95%CI] = 0.79[0.67-0.94], P = 0.006). No obvious evidence of publication bias was found. Conclusions﻿In summary, our study suggested that ZFHX3 rs2106261 and PRRX1 rs3903239 polymorphisms had positive associations with AF risk, more large case-controls must be carried out to confirm above conclusions.
Differences in Upper Quarter Y Balance Test Performance According to Playing Position in Youth Handball Players
Authors: Bauer Julian , Schwiertz Gerrit , Muehlbauer Thomas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective

Handball is an Olympic intermittent sport with different playing positions that can be differentiated between first line players who positions themselves near the 6-m line and second line players who typically play outside the 9-m space. Additionally, goalkeepers have a distinctive role as they mostly only play within their own 6-m space. The objective of the study was to assess whether the specific physiological positional demands in handball lead to functional performance differences between the playing positions in terms of shoulder mobility and stability in any reach direction as assessed through the Upper Quarter Y Balance Test (YBT-UQ).
Results

No significant differences in any reach direction of the YBT-UQ were found between the playing positions, irrespective of reach arm and reach direction. The obtained effect sizes (ηp2) were solely small and ranged between .003 and .030.
Neighborhood-Level Public Facilities and COVID-19 Transmission: A Nationwide Geospatial Study In China
Authors: Jin Xurui , Leng Yu , Gong Enying , Xiong Shangzhi , Yao Yao , Vedanthan Rajesh , Yang Zhenchun , Chen Keren , Wu Chenkai , Yan Lijing 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Individual-level studies on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have proliferated, however, research on neighborhood-level factors associated with COVID-19 is limited. Our study aim at examining the assocaiton between having COVID-19 cases in the neighborhood and public facilities.Methods: We gathered the geographic data of all publically released COVID-19 cases in China and the point-of-interests data from Gaode map including restaurant, shopping center, hotels, living facilities, recreational facilities, public transit, reducation and health services. We used a case-control design (1:4 ratio; 4,329 cases vs. 17,316 controls) to investigate the association between having COVID-19 cases in the neighborhood and the number and types of public facilities nearby. Results: In the multivariable logistics regression model, having more restaurants (high vs. low, OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.95, 2.25), shopping centers (OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 2.12, 2.43), hotels (OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 2.16, 2.48), living facilities (OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.70, 1.95), recreational facilities (OR: 2.27, 95% CI: 2.11, 2.43), public transit (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.23, 1.41), educational institutions (OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.83, 2.10), and health service facilities (OR: 4.12, 95% CI: 3.83, 4.44) was associated with significantly higher odds of having COVID-19 cases in a neighborhood. The associations for restaurants, hotels, reactional and education facilities were more pronounced in cities with fewer than six million people than those in larger cities (Psinteraction <0.05).Conclusions: Our results have implications for designing targeted prevention strategies at the neighborhood level to reduce the burden of COVID-19.
The Best Strategy for Nasogastric Tube Removal in Patients with Acute Appendicitis Complicated with Ileus: A Case Report and Review.
Authors: Tseng Yu-Ju , Huang Pei-Yin , Lee Po-Chu , Lin Tzu-Hsin , Hu Rey-Heng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAcute appendicitis is one of the most common causes of the acute abdomen. However, acute appendicitis complicated with ileus is uncommon. By presenting this case, we aim to give some suggestions on the postoperative care, especially an algorithm for the insertion and removal of nasogastric tube.Case presentation A 20-year-old man presenting with left lower abdominal pain and symptoms of ileus was diagnosed with acute appendicitis complicated with ileus by computed tomography scan. A nasogastric tube was inserted for the ileus preoperatively. He underwent laparoscopic appendectomy, during which periappendiceal abscess with local peritonitis was noted. The nasogastric tube was removed on the first postoperative day, but symptoms of ileus developed again. Urografin study revealed contrast media retaining in the small bowel, so nasogastric tube reinsertion was performed. The nasogastric tube was removed on the ninth postoperative day after the recovery from ileus. The patient was discharged on the thirteenth postoperative day.ConclusionPatients of acute appendicitis with ileus should be assessed carefully. Nasogastric tubes shouldn’t be removed until the following requirements are satisfied: Firstly, symptoms of abdominal distention and nausea relieve. Secondly, no more hypoactive bowel sounds are found. And finally, nasogastric tube drainage becomes less than 200mL per day, or the passage of flatus or stool presents.