bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tribological behaviour of AZ31 Mg hybrid bio-composite reinforced with zirconium dioxide and seashell bio-ceramics
Authors: Seshadhri V , Alagarsamy S V , R Muruganandham 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In the fast moving world, the material requirements are higher and also needed for tailor-end applications. Most of the applications require lightweight materials especially in the biomedical application and it should be biocompatible. Magnesium (Mg) alloys are the best candidate for biomedical application but it has low tribological property. So that, the present work focus on the improvement of tribological behaviour of AZ31 Mg hybrid bio- composite with addition of seashell powder (SSP) and zirconium di oxide (ZrO2) as reinforcements. The bio-composite was synthesized by reinforcing 2 wt% SSP and 10 wt% ZrO2 through stir casting method. For the tribological studies, a pin-on-disc machine was used to carried out the dry sliding wear test under varying conditions of input factors namely, applied load (L), sliding velocity (V) and sliding distance (D). A Taguchi integrated with TOPSIS approach were applied to find the best factors for less wear rate (WR) and the co-efficient of friction (COF) of the proposed bio-composite. The results ensured that ‘L’ has the most determinant factor for controlling the responses followed by ‘D’. Moreover, the worn surface morphology depicts that the bio-composite shows higher resistance to wear due to the addition of reinforcements developing the oxide layer thus protecting the specimen surface.
Thermodynamic optoelectronic and photovoltaic properties of Al-doped boron arsenide alloy
Authors: Amghar Inass , Ziati Meryem , Boubekraoui Amina , Ez-Zahraouy Hamid 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the electronic, optical, thermoelectric, and thermodynamic properties of BAs using Density Functional (DFT) and Semi-Classical Boltzmann theories. The band gap, initially determined by the GGA approximation, is refined using the TB-mBJ method, HSE, SOC, and GGA+U inelectronic property. Our calculations show a significant reduction in the band gap closed by the various approaches when aluminum (Al) is introduced into the BAs lattice, extending the material’s light absorption spectrum into the visible range. The thermoelectric properties of both pure and Al-doped BAs are evaluated near the Fermi level at various temperatures. The positive Seebeck coefficient indicates p-type behavior, and Al incorporation enhances electrical conductivity. The mechanical properties indicate that the compounds are stable. These findings denote potential applications for Al-doped BAs in thermoelectric and optoelectronic devices.
INVESTIGATION OF TUBERCULOSIS SENSING USING GRAPHENE COATED METAMATERIAL FIBER
Authors: MAHALAKSHMI PERUMAL , AL Shayeb Maher , Basri Rehana 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Detection of tuberculosis (TB) is being showed a greater interest since it affects the&#xD;vital human organ (lungs). In this paper, a biosensor based on optical fiber sensing for&#xD;detecting TB is proposed. Here, a hollow core fiber protected with a graphene coated&#xD;metamaterial (MM) cladding is numerically investigated in the visible region using finite&#xD;element method (FEM). The analyte under test (mycobacterium TB affected haemoglobin) is&#xD;filled in the core and the change in refractive index is obtained to calculate the sensitivity.&#xD;Further, the proposed fiber is optimized by varying graphene thickness and concentration of&#xD;MM and investigated in terms of confinement loss, effective area, power confined to the core&#xD;and relative sensitivity. The proposed fiber reports an average relative sensitivity of 92.8%&#xD;depicting a power confinement of upto 97.7% and numerical aperture of 0.24. Performance&#xD;comparison with other designs is carried out in order to project the efficacy of the proposed&#xD;sensor. The obtained sensitivity enables the proposed sensor to be a suitable design in&#xD;detection of TB and can be employed in medical diagnosis.
Numerical analysis of double-fractional PDEs in MHD hybrid nanofluid blood flow with slip velocity, heat source, and radiation effects
Authors: Omama M , Arafa Ayman A , Elsaid A , Zahra Waheed K 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The study of blood flow in cylindrical geometries resembling small arteries is crucial for advancing drug delivery systems, cardiovascular health, and treatment methods. However, Conventional models have failed to capture the complex memory effects and non-local behavior inherent in blood flow dynamics, which hinders their accuracy in predicting critical flow and heat transfer properties for medical applications. To overcome these limitations, this research introduces a novel fractional-order magnetohydrodynamic model for blood flow, incorporating a ZnO and Fe
3
O
4 hybrid nanofluid. The model uniquely integrates boundary slip velocity effects within the double fractional Maxwell model (DFMM) rheology framework and utilizes the dual fractional phase lag bioheat model (DFPLM) applied to a porous cylindrical structure. Fractional-order time derivatives in the thermal and momentum equations are formulated using the Caputo approach, with numerical solutions derived via finite difference methods leveraging L1 and L2 approximations for Caputo fractional derivatives. The study examines the effects of fractional orders, relaxation time, and phase lags for heat and temperature, along with parameters such as thermal radiation, wall slip velocity, and porosity. These factors are analyzed for their impact on velocity, temperature, skin friction, and the Nusselt number. Results indicate that the hybrid nanofluid enhances heat transfer compared to blood or mono-hybrid nanofluids, while also reducing skin friction. Furthermore, fractional-order models provide more reliable and realistic predictions under varying flow conditions. The DFMM shows smoother transitions in velocity and friction, while the DFPLM predicts higher temperatures and greater heat transfer enhancement compared to classical and single-phase lag models. By integrating fractional calculus, this model offers improved simulation of complex transport phenomena in small arteries, contributing to the development of more effective cardiovascular treatments.
Transfer matrix model of beam propagation and optimization method for bulk multi-pass cell
Authors: Wang Xiaoyue , Shi Haotian , Wu Xiuqi , Luo Limeng , Qiao Hao , Zuo Yani 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Bulk multi-pass cell (MPC) is an effective technique used for spectral broadening and temporal compression in the fields of ultrafast optics. In an actual experiment, due to mode-mismatching, the beam profile changes at each pass transmitting through the medium, which will damage the optical elements and has a negative impact on the nonlinear effects. In this paper, based on the symmetry configuration of MPC and ABCD transfer matrix, we propose the ABCD transfer matrix model for beam propagation and adjusted optimization method for input beam. To verify the model, the result is compared with the theoretical value of the resonator. The beam propagation and B-integral before and after mode-matching are calculated. The results demonstrate that the mode-matching adjustment method significantly improves beam quality and nonlinear effects during transmission. This technique provides a potential tool for the design, experiment and evaluation in the generation of ultrashort pulse.
Mathematical model for enhancing midwave infrared transmission using phoxonic crystals
Authors: Sharma Anurag , Kedia Jyoti , Gupta Neena 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a novel mathematical model for designing a highly efficient on-chip optical waveguide operating in the Mid-Wave Infrared (MWIR) spectrum, specifically covering a range from 3–5μm. The proposed waveguide (called Phoxonic waveguide) architecture achieves exceptional transmission rates of up to 99.8% throughout this broad range of MWIR. The simultaneous control of photon and phonon transmission in the proposed waveguide structure gives its name Phoxonic crystal waveguide. The exceptional performance in the proposed waveguide structure has been achieved due to the innovative use of a mirror-symmetric architecture, which effectively suppresses losses caused by the interaction between photons and phonons. To validate the proposed mathematical model’s effectiveness, extensive numerical simulations were conducted using the Qutip platform. This research opens promising avenues for the development of MWIR waveguides with wide-ranging applications in communication, defense, medicine, and technology.
Role of doping level, electric field and temperature on the charge transport properties of electrochemically polymerized poly(3-butylthiophene) and poly(3-hexylthiophene) devices
Authors: Singh W Joychandra , Singh K Jugeshwar , Devi K Nomita 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this article, the charge transport properties of electrochemically polymerized poly(3-butylthiophene) (P3BT) and poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) devices using a sandwiched metal/polymer/metal structure are explored. These devices are successfully fabricated at different doping levels using electrochemical polymerization and thermal evaporation techniques. Low temperature-dependent Current–Voltage (I-V) measurement reveals that space charge limited conduction (SCLC) mechanism with a field and temperature-dependent mobility in the form of the Poole–Frenkel model governs the transport mechanism. The zero-field dependent mobility exhibits a thermally activated behavior, with two activation processes observed- one at higher and another at lower temperatures. The activation energy increases with the decrease in doping level at higher temperature regions, indicating the significant role of doping level in the activation process. However, electric field plays a significant role in the transport mechanism at lower temperatures. Comparatively, P3HT devices exhibit lower conductivity and mobility values than P3BT devices. The mobility ratio

μ

0,300
K

μ

0,50
K

for P3HT devices is considerably larger than that for P3BT devices. Additionally, the activation energy of P3HT devices is higher, providing evidence of a higher relative energetic disorder than P3BT devices.
A new color image encryption scheme based on DNA sequence operations and novel hyper-chaotic system
Authors: Liu Ruilin , Wang Shaofang , Wang Zeyuan , Gong Xi , Zhang Shengao , Zhou Jiangze 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of weak key sensitivity and small key space of image encryption algorithm,in this paper,we propose an image encryption algorithm based on four-dimensional memristive hyperchaotic system and DNA operation. The algorithm first calculates the initial value of the image information by Secure Hash algorithm 512(SHA-512) hash algorithm, substitutes it into the four-dimensional memory-damped hyperchaotic system to generate a sequence, and then obtains the key map by Logistic mapping and Sine mapping.The preprocessed image matrix is obtained by dot-multiplication operation of the plaintext image with the square matrix generated by Sigmoid algorithm after Arnold permutation.Then DNA encoding,DNA row-by-row operation and DNA decoding are performed on the key map and preprocessed image, and at the end, the encrypted image is obtained after rotating the first round encrypted image and the key map by 90° for the second encryption.Experiments such as robustness analysis,anti-differential attack,and adjacent pixel correlation analysis show that the algorithm has a large key space,strong key sensitivity and the encrypted image has a small adjacent pixel correlation.It is shown that the algorithm can effectively protect the communication encryption of digital images.
Exploring non-radial oscillation modes in dark matter admixed neutron stars
Authors: Thakur Pratik , Kumar Anil , Thapa Vivek Baruah , Parmar Vishal , Sinha Monika 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Because of their extreme densities and consequently, gravitational potential, compact objects such as neutron stars can prove to be excellent captors of dark matter particles. Considering purely gravitational interactions between dark and hadronic matter, we construct dark matter admixed stars composed of two-fluid matter subject to current astrophysical constraints on maximum mass and tidal deformability. We choose a wide range of parameters to construct the dark matter equation of state, and the DDME2 parameterization for the hadronic equation of state. We then examine the effect of dark matter on the stellar structure, tidal deformability and non-radial modes considering the relativistic Cowling approximation. We find the effect on p-modes is substantial, with frequencies decreasing up to the typical f-mode frequency range for most stars with a dark matter halo. The effects on the f-mode frequency are less extreme. Finally, we find the most probable values of the dark matter parameters that satisfy the observational constraints.
New realisation of light thermal dark matter with enhanced detection prospects
Authors: Adhikary Amit , Borah Debasish , Mahapatra Satyabrata , Saha Indrajit , Sahu Narendra , Thounaojam Vicky Singh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Light dark matter (DM) with mass around the GeV scale faces weaker bounds from direct detection experiments. If DM couples strongly to a light mediator, it is possible to have observable direct detection rate. However, this also leads to a thermally under-abundant DM relic due to efficient annihilation into light mediators. We propose a novel scenario where a first-order phase transition (FOPT) occurring at MeV scale can restore GeV scale DM relic by changing the mediator mass sharply at the nucleation temperature. The MeV scale FOPT predicts stochastic gravitational waves with nano-Hz frequencies within reach of pulsar timing array (PTA) based experiments like NANOGrav. In addition to enhancing direct detection rate, the light mediator can also give rise to the required DM self-interactions necessary to solve the small scale structure issues of cold dark matter. The existence of light scalar mediator and its mixing with the Higgs keep the scenario verifiable at different particle physics experiments.
N-soliton solutions and asymptotic analysis for the massive Thirring model in the laboratory coordinates via the Riemann-Hilbert approach
Authors: Li Yuan , Li Min , Xu Tao , Huang Ye-Hui , Xu Chuan-Xin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the N-soliton solutions for massive Thirring model (MTM) in the laboratory coordinates are analyzed via the Riemann-Hilbert approach. The direct scattering including the analyticity, symmetries and asymptotic behaviors of the Jost solutions as |λ| → ∞ and λ → 0 are given. Considering that the scattering coefficients have simple zeros, the matrix Riemann-Hilbert problem, reconstruction formulas and corresponding trace formulas are also derived. Further, the N-soliton solutions in the reflectionless case are obtained explicitly in the form of determinants. The propagation characteristics of one-soliton solutions and interaction properties of two-soliton solutions are discussed. In particular, the asymptotic expressions of two-soliton solutions as |t| → ∞ are obtained, which show that the velocities and amplitudes of the asymptotic solitons don’t change before and after interaction except the position shifts. In addition, three types of bounded states for two-soliton solutions are presented with certain parametric conditions.
Mask-coding-assisted continuous-variable quantum direct communication with orbital angular momentum multiplexing
Authors: Cao 曹 Zhengwen 正文 , Wang 王 Yujie 禹杰 , Chai 柴 Geng 庚 , Chen 陈 Xinlei 欣蕾 , Lu 卢 Yuan 缘 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) is a communication method based on quantum mechanics and it is used to transmit secret messages. Unlike quantum key distribution, secret messages can be transmitted directly on a quantum channel with QSDC. Higher channel capacity and noise suppression capabilities are key to achieving long-distance quantum communication. Here, we report a continuous-variable QSDC scheme based on mask-coding and orbital angular momentum, in which the mask-coding is employed to protect the security of the transmitting messages and to suppress the influence of excess noise. The combination of orbital angular momentum and information block transmission effectively improves the secrecy capacity. In the 800 information blocks ×1310 bits length 10-km experiment, the results show a statistical average bit error rate of 0.38%, a system excess noise value of 0.0184 SNU, and a final secrecy capacity of 6.319 × 106 bps. Therefore, this scheme reduces error bits while increasing secrecy capacity, providing a solution for long-distance large-scale quantum communication, which is capable of transmitting text, images and other information of reasonable size.
Intensity enhancement of Raman active and forbidden modes induced by naturally occurred hot spot at GaAs edge
Authors: Liu 刘 Tao 涛 , Lin 林 Miao-Ling 妙玲 , Meng 孟 Da 达 , Cong 从 Xin 鑫 , Kan 阚 Qiang 强 , Wu 吴 Jiang-Bin 江滨 , Tan 谭 Ping-Heng 平恒 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Edge structures are ubiquitous in the processing and fabrication of various optoelectronic devices. Novel physical properties and enhanced light–matter interactions are anticipated to occur at crystal edges due to the broken spatial translational symmetry. However, the intensity of first-order Raman scattering at crystal edges has been rarely explored, although the mechanical stress and edge characteristics have been thoroughly studied by the Raman peak shift and the spectral features of the edge-related Raman modes. Here, by taking GaAs crystal with a well-defined edge as an example, we reveal the intensity enhancement of Raman-active modes and the emergence of Raman-forbidden modes under specific polarization configurations at the edge. This is attributed to the presence of a hot spot at the edge due to the redistributed electromagnetic fields and electromagnetic wave propagations of incident laser and Raman signal near the edge, which are confirmed by the finite-difference time-domain simulations. Spatially-resolved Raman intensities of both Raman-active and Raman-forbidden modes near the edge are calculated based on the redistributed electromagnetic fields, which quantitatively reproduce the corresponding experimental results. These findings offer new insights into the intensity enhancement of Raman scattering at crystal edges and present a new avenue to manipulate light–matter interactions of crystal by manufacturing various types of edges and to characterize the edge structures in photonic and optoelectronic devices.
Correlated physics, charge and magnetic orders in moiré kagomé systems
Authors: Liu 刘 Zhaochen 兆晨 , Wang 王 Jing 靖 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Moiré systems have emerged as an ideal platform for exploring interaction effects and correlated states. However, most of the experimental systems are based on either triangular or honeycomb lattices. In this study, based on the self-consistent Hartree–Fock calculation, we investigate the phase diagram of the kagomé lattice in a recently discovered system with two degenerate Γ valley orbitals and strong spin–orbit coupling. By focusing on the filling factors of 1/2, 1/3 and 2/3, we identify various symmetry-breaking states by adjusting the screening length and dielectric constant. At the half filling, we discover that the spin–orbit coupling induces Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction and stabilizes a classical magnetic state with 120° ordering. Additionally, we observe a transition to a ferromagnetic state with out-of-plane ordering. In the case of 1/3 filling, the system is ferromagnetically ordered due to the lattice frustration. Furthermore, for 2/3 filling, the system exhibits a pinned droplet state and a 120° magnetic ordered state at weak and immediate coupling strengths, respectively. For the strong coupling case, when dealing with non-integer filling, the system is always charge ordered with sublattice polarization. Our study serves as a starting point for exploring the effects of correlation in moiré kagomé systems.
Cross-correlations between signal’s components
Authors: Zhao 赵 Quankun 全坤 , Li 李 Sen 森 , Gu 顾 Changgui 长贵 , Wang 王 Haiying 海英 , Yang 杨 Huijie 会杰 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Detecting coupling pattern between elements in a complex system is a basic task in data-driven analysis. The trajectory for each specific element is a cooperative result of its intrinsic dynamic, its couplings with other elements, and the environment. It is subsequently composed of many components, only some of which take part in the couplings. In this paper we present a framework to detect the component correlation pattern. Firstly, the interested trajectories are decomposed into components by using decomposing methods such as the Fourier expansion and the Wavelet transformation. Secondly, the cross-correlations between the components are calculated, resulting into a component cross-correlation matrix (network). Finally, the dominant structure in the network is identified to characterize the coupling pattern in the system. Several deterministic dynamical models turn out to be characterized with rich structures such as the clustering of the components. The pattern of correlation between respiratory (RESP) and ECG signals is composed of five sub-clusters that are mainly formed by the components in ECG signal. Interestingly, only 7 components from RESP (scattered in four sub-clusters) take part in the realization of coupling between the two signals.
Design and implementation of a compact analog Constant Fraction Discriminator for high-resolution timing in gamma-ray spectroscopy
Authors: Wiebusch Michael 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This work presents a custom analog front-end card designed for the read-out of PMTs
coupled to lanthanum bromide scintillators. It integrates 16 discrete analog constant fraction
discriminators (CFDs) on a compact 12×10 cm board, providing precise timing information for
nuclear lifetime measurements. The design emphasizes cost-effectiveness, utilizing off-the-shelf
discrete components, as well as compactness, achieved by using miniature coaxial connectors and
cables as delay elements. The focus of this paper lies on the unusual and extremely minimalist
analog shaper/discriminator design which is devised without operational amplifiers, making use of
only a handful of RF transistors and LVDS receivers in place of comparators.