bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decrease in the Risk of Posttransplant Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence After the Conversion to Prestorage Leukoreduction for Transfused Red Blood Cells
Authors: Kwon Ji-Hye , Han Sangbin , Jang Jin Sung , Lee Kyo Won , Ahn Joong Hyun , Kim Kyunga , Jeon Suyong , Gwak Mi Sook , Ko Justin S. , Kim Gaab Soo , Joh Jae-Won , Cho Duck 
Published: April 2020

Background.
Prestorage leukoreduction has the advantage over poststorage leukoreduction in reducing leukocyte-derived molecules in red blood cells (RBC) unit, which induce immunomodulation. Our institution newly introduced prestorage leukoreduction, instead of conventional poststorage leukoreduction, for liver transplant recipients since March 2012. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the risk of posttransplant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after the conversion of poststorage leukoreduction into prestorage leukoreduction for transfused allogeneic RBCs.

Methods.
Among 220 patients who underwent living-donor liver transplantation for HCC, 83 of 113 who received only poststorage-leukoreduced RBCs were matched with 83 of 107 who received only prestorage-leukoreduced RBCs using 1:1 propensity score matching based on factors like tumor biology. The primary outcome was overall HCC recurrence. Survival analysis was performed with death as a competing risk event.

Results.
In the matched cohort, recurrence probability at 1, 2, and 5 years posttransplant was 9.6%, 15.6%, and 18.1% in prestorage group and 15.6%, 21.6%, and 33.7% in poststorage group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.52; 0.28-0.97; P = 0.040). Multivariable analysis confirmed a significance of prestorage leukoreduction (HR, 0.29; 0.15-0.59; P < 0.001). Overall death risk was also lower with prestorage leukoreduction (HR, 0.51; 0.26-0.99; P = 0.049). In subgroup analysis for the unmatched cohort, recurrence risk was significantly lower in prestorage group within the patients who underwent surgery 2 years (HR, 0.24; 0.10-0.61; P = 0.002), 1 year (HR, 0.16; 0.03-0.92; P = 0.040), and 6 months (HR, 0.13; 0.02-0.85; P = 0.034), respectively, before and after the conversion to prestorage leukoreduction.

Conclusions.
Our findings suggest a potential benefit of prestorage leukoreduction in reducing the risk of HCC recurrence in liver transplant recipients who received allogeneic RBCs during the perioperative period.
ProteinGCN: Protein model quality assessment using Graph Convolutional Networks
Authors: Sanyal Soumya , Anishchenko Ivan , Dagar Anirudh , Baker David , Talukdar Partha 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBlind estimation of local (per-residue) and global (for the whole structure) accuracies in protein structure models is an essential step in many protein modeling applications. With the recent developments in deep-learning, single-model quality assessment methods have been also advanced, primarily through the use of 2D and 3D convolutional deep neural networks. Here we explore an alternative approach and train a graph convolutional network with nodes representing protein atoms and edges connecting spatially adjacent atom pairs on the dataset Rosetta-300k which contains a set of 300k conformations from 2,897 proteins. We show that our proposed architecture, ProteinGCN, is capable of predicting both local and global accuracies in protein models at state-of-the-art levels. Further, the number of free parameters in ProteinGCN is almost 1-2 orders of magnitude smaller compared to the 3D convolutional networks proposed earlier. We provide the source code of our work to encourage reproducible research.1
The ossicular chain of Cainotheriidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla)
Authors: Assemat Alexandre , Mourlam Mickaël J. , Weppe Romain , Maugoust Jacob , Antoine Pierre‐Olivier , Orliac Maeva Judith 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis work describes an unparalleled sample of isolated fossil auditory ossicles of cainotheriid artiodactyls from the Paleogene karstic infillings of Dams (Tarn‐et‐Garonne, Quercy, France). This collection comprises a total of 18 mallei, 28 incudes and three stapedes. It allows the documentation of both intra‐ and interspecific variability of ossicular morphology within Cainotheriidae. We show that despite considerable intraspecific variability, the malleus, the incus and the stapes appear to be taxonomically informative at the Cainotheriidae scale. This work further provides the first description of a reconstructed ossicular chain of a terrestrial Paleogene artiodactyl species, found in a basicranium of the late Oligocene cainotheriine Caenomeryx filholi (Pech Desse locality).
Quantification of soil erosion and sediment yield for ungauged catchment using the RUSLE model: Case study for Lake Basaka catchment in Ethiopia
Authors: Dinka Megersa Olumana 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSoil erosion is a monumental land degradation problem in many parts of the world, threatening the well‐being of humans and ecosystems. The Lake Basaka catchment is heavily affected by serious land degradation problems related to land use–land cover changes (LULC), population dynamics and settlement, introduction of large‐scale irrigation schemes, etc. Accordingly, the objective of the present study was to quantify the magnitude of soil lost from the Lake Basaka catchment and the sediment subsequently delivered to the lake on the basis of the limited available dataset in a distributed manner using the RUSLE model in a GIS environment. The results indicated about 36 million m3 of soil were lost from the catchment between 1973 and 2007. Soil erosion and sedimentation in the lake catchment continue to increase from time to time, being attributed to the significant LULC occurring in the catchment. About 23 cm of the economically productive top soil in the catchment was lost during the study period (1960–2015), which translates into a significant degradation of the catchment (e.g. further reduction of infiltration capacity, thereby accelerating run‐off and erosion rates). Similarly, about a 1.3 m deep sediment layer was deposited in the lake during the same period. The computed sediment yield indicates about 14% of the lake incremental volume and depth in recent periods (post‐2000s) is attributable to sedimentation. Certain coincidental changes are also occurring in the catchment, including organic matter declines, soil nutrient depletion and soil depth decrement, which may lead to decreased production and productivity and associated ecosystem imbalances. The present study identified the potential areas that contribute significantly to erosion and sedimentation, thereby providing guidance regarding where land use/cover practices must be implemented to limit/reduce, if not avoid, the impacts of erosion and subsequent sedimentation in Lake Basaka.
Fast I(n)dentification of Pathogens in Neonates (FINDPATH-N): protocol for a prospective pilot cohort study of next-generation sequencing for pathogen identification in neonates with suspected sepsis
Authors: Klowak Jennifer Ann , el Helou Salhab , Pernica Jeffrey M , Parker Melissa J , Surette Michael , Poinar Hendrik , Fox-Robichaud Alison E 
Published: April 2020

IntroductionSepsis is a major source of morbidity and mortality in neonates; however, identification of the causative pathogens is challenging. Many neonates have negative blood cultures despite clinical evidence of sepsis. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a high-throughput, parallel sequencing technique for DNA. Pathogen-targeted enrichment followed by NGS has the potential to be more sensitive and faster than current gold-standard blood culture. In this pilot study, we will test the feasibility and pathogen detection patterns of pathogen-targeted NGS in neonates with suspected sepsis. Additionally, the distribution and diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers cell-free DNA and protein C levels at two time points will be explored.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a prospective, pilot observational study. Neonates over 1 kg with suspected sepsis from a single tertiary care children’s hospital will be recruited for the study. Recruitment will be censored at 200 events or 6 months’ duration. Two blood study samples will be taken: the first simultaneous to the blood culture (time=0 hour, for NGS and biomarkers) via an exception to consent (deferred consent) and another 24 hours later after prospective consent (biomarkers only). Neonates will be adjudicated into those with clinical sepsis, culture-proven sepsis and without sepsis based on clinical criteria. Feasibility parameters (eg, recruitment) and NGS process time will be reported.For analysis, NGS results will be described in aggregate, compared with the simultaneous blood culture (sensitivity and specificity) and reviewed via expert panel for plausibility. Pilot data for biomarker distribution and diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) for distinguishing between septic and non-septic neonates will be reported.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been granted by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board. We will seek publication of study results in peer-reviewed journals.
RENTHENOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HIV-INFECTION COMBINED WITH TUBERCULOSIS. MAIN CAUSES OF MORTALITY
Authors: Moskaliuk V. D. , Kolotylo T. R. 
Published: April 2020

The purpose of the work is to analyze the X-ray and some laboratory changes of the groups of patients with HIV-infection combined with tuberculosis (TB) and TB monoinfection, as well as to determine the main causes of the mortality of such patients.
Patients and methods. We examined 351 patients, in particular 217 HIV/TB-related infections and 134 cases of tuberculosis only. The HIV/TB group was divided into 3 subgroups depending on the time of TB attachment to HIV infection.
Results. The most striking clinical symptomatology is typical for HIV/TB infected patients, compared to patients with TB alone. Persons with associated HIV/TB infection also differed from patients with TB only with a lack of changes in the X-ray of the thoracic cavity.
Drug resistance to one anti-TB drug is significantly more commonly found in the group with the associated infection. The same pattern is noted for subgroup 1 and 3 of HIV/TB.
The percentage of mortality from infiltrative TB for all those who died from the primary TB for associated HIV/TB infection is significantly higher than for patients with TB alone. With focal TB, caseous pneumonia, disseminated, generalized and extrapulmonary TB there is a tendency towards higher mortality in case of concomitant HIV infection. Probably this is due to the prescription of TB and a fairly large affection of the pulmonary tissue. In general, patients with HIV/TB died significantly more often than patients with TB monoinfection.
Conclusions. Individuals with associated HIV/TB infection differed from patients with TB only with brighter clinical symptoms, a significantly greater absence of changes in the X-ray of the chest cavity, drug resistance to one anti-TB drug and significantly higher mortality.
МЕДИЧНІ КАДРИ – НАЙГОЛОВНІШИЙ РЕСУРС ЗАКЛАДІВ ОХОРОНИ ЗДОРОВ’Я ЗАПОРІЗЬКОЇ ОБЛАСТІ ПЕРВИННОГО РІВНЯ
Authors: Klymenko V. I. , Kremsar I. M. , Korogod N. O. 
Published: April 2020

Мета: провести аналіз кадрового потенціалу лікарів і середнього медичного персоналу центрів первинної медико-санітарної допомоги Запорізької області.
Матеріали і методи. Проведено викопіювання даних щодо фактичної та штатної чисельності лікарів і середнього медичного персоналу за період 2015–2017 рр. у 32 центрах первинної медико-санітарної допомоги Запорізької області (генеральна сукупність), їх вікова структура, стаж роботи за спеціальністю, наявність категорії. Для проведення порівняльного аналізу в динаміці нами за допомогою програми Statistic 10.0 розраховано відносні та середні величини. Оцінку достовірності різниці отриманих даних у різних групах спостереження та перевірку нульової гіпотези здійснювали шляхом розрахунку критерію відповідності хі-квадрат (χ2).
Результати. Встановлено, що в 2017 р. укомплектованість сімейними лікарями по Запорізькій області в середньому становила 66,1 %, майже кожен третій з них досяг пенсійного віку або має вік до 45 років, що є позитивним досягненням за останнє десятиріччя. Незважаючи на той факт, що більшість як лікарів первинної ланки, так і середнього медичного персоналу мають стаж роботи понад 10 років, третина всіх працюючих не мають кваліфікаційної категорії, а один раз на 5 років проходять курси стажування за фахом із метою продовження роботи в системі охорони здоров’я, що свідчить про відсутність мотивації до підвищення рівня кваліфікації і в подальшому може вплинути на якість медичної допомоги. Зміна організаційно-правової форми роботи закладів охорони здоров’я, що надають первинну медичну допомогу в Запорізькій області, призвела до дзеркальних змін у навантаженні на лікарів за адміністративно-територіальним принципом на кінець 2019 р.: збільшення чисельності лікарів по містах області та зменшення в сільській місцевості, але наявна їх кількість повністю забезпечує потребу по області, навіть залишається в наявності резерв щодо підписання декларацій з населенням або поступового заміщення тих, хто досяг пенсійного віку.
Висновки. Встановлено потребу як у підвищенні рівня кадрового укомплектування лікарями первинної ланки, особливо в сільській місцевості, так і в мотивації мати відповідні кваліфікаційні категорії до стажу роботи і серед практикуючих лікарів, і серед середнього медичного персоналу.
ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ВИБОРУ МЕТОДУ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ САНАЦІЇ ПОРОЖНИНИ РОТА В ДІТЕЙ РАННЬОГО ВІКУ
Authors: Koval O. I. 
Published: April 2020

Мета: встановити безпечний проміжок часу проведення різних стоматологічних маніпуляцій в дітей віком до 3-х років на амбулаторному стоматологічному прийомі. Визначити показання для проведення санації порожнини рота під загальним знеболюванням.
Матеріали і методи. Стоматологічне обстеження та проведення стоматологічних маніпуляцій різного ступеня складності проведено 110 дітям віком до 3-х років (проліковано 432 зуба) на базі Стоматологічного медичного центру при Національному медичному університеті імені О. О. Богомольця.
Дітей поділено на дві групи залежно від вибору методу лікування: І групу склали діти, санацію порожнини рота яким проводили за умов загального знеболювання (38 дітей); ІІ групу склали діти, санацію порожнини рота яким здійснювали без загального знеболювання (72 дитини).
З метою визначення насичення киснем головного мозку застосовували метод церебральної оксиметрії. Для прогнозу когнітивних змін на фоні органічних порушень головного мозку ми використовували результати досліджень J. Meixensberger et al. (1998), де головним завданням стоматолога було не допустити зниження показників церебральної оксиметрії більше ніж на 20 %.
Результати. Показання до проведення санації порожнини рота за умов загального знеболювання:
– поверхневий карієс незалежно від його перебігу при кп ≥6;
– середній карієс незалежно від його перебігу при кп ≥2;
– глибокий карієс, хронічний перебіг при кп ≥2;
– глибокий карієс, гострий перебіг при кп ≥1;
– хронічний фіброзний пульпіт при кп ≥1;
– хронічний періодонтит.
Висновки. Вибір методу санації порожнини рота у дітей віком до 3-х років не залежить від виду темпераменту та типу фобій.
A Review of Social Economy Research in Canada
Authors: Mook Laurie , Quarter Jack 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Canada is a federal parliamentary democracy, officially bilingual (English and French), and one of the most multicultural countries in the world. Indeed, more than one-fifth of Canada’s population consists of first-generation immigrants, and a similar percentage classify themselves as visible minorities. According to the 2016 census there are more than 250 distinct ethnic origins, often with distinct languages (Statistics Canada, 2016, 2017a). A confederation of ten provinces and three territories, Canada has a current population of over 36 million people who live across an expansive geographic area that constitutes the second largest country in the world. Most of its population live in urban settings (83%), with the largest cities being Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver (Statistics Canada, 2017b). Toronto is classified as the third-most cosmopolitan city in the world following Dubai and Brussels (World Atlas, 2018).
In this multifaceted context, the social economy of Canada plays an important role in bridging the public and private sectors to form a strong social infrastructure (Quarter, Mook, & Armstrong, 2018). It constitutes a vast range of organizations guided by social objectives including nonprofit organizations such as charities, foundations, and social enterprises; and cooperatives both non-financial, in fields such as housing, childcare, healthcare, and farm marketing, and financial such as credit unions and caisses populaires.
There are distinct traditions of the social economy in anglophone and francophone parts of Canada. There are also traditions specific to particular populations, such as the Black social economy (Hossein, 2013); and the Indigenous social economy (Restoule, Gruner, & Metatawabin, 2012; Sengupta, Vieta, & McMurtry, 2015; Wuttunee, 2010). In this review, we look at the anglophone research on the social economy, noting that there are also French-language research institutions and educational programs focusing on the social economy; however, a review of these is beyond the scope of this paper.
After providing an overview of the concept of the social economy in Canada, we go on to summarize research on its scope and size in the Canadian context. Using a Venn diagram, we highlight the interactions between the different sectors in society and emphasize that the social economy is an integral part of a mixed economy that serves in many ways as its social infrastructure. We find four different types of social economy organizations: social economy businesses, community economic development organizations, public sector nonprofits, and civil society organizations. From there, we focus on voluntaristic behaviors of giving, volunteering (formal and informal), and participating. Our focus shifts to describing the infrastructure supporting research of the sector, including key academic and umbrella associations and networks, as well as formal and informal education programs. Finally, we describe key funders of social economy research including government and foundations.
Current status of cell-based therapies for respiratory virus infections: applicability to COVID-19
Authors: Khoury Maroun , Cuenca Jimena , Cruz Fernanda F. , Figueroa Fernando E. , Rocco Patricia R.M. , Weiss Daniel J. 
Published: April 2020

The severe respiratory consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have prompted urgent need for novel therapies. Cell-based approaches, primarily using mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSCs), have demonstrated safety and possible efficacy in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), although they are not yet well studied in respiratory virus-induced ARDS. Limited pre-clinical data suggest that systemic MSC administration can significantly reduce respiratory virus (influenza strains H5N1 and H9N2)-induced lung injury; however, there are no available data in models of coronavirus respiratory infection.There is a rapidly increasing number of clinical investigations of cell-based therapy approaches for COVID-19. These utilise a range of different cell sources, doses, dosing strategies and targeted patient populations. To provide a rational strategy to maximise potential therapeutic use, it is critically important to understand the relevant pre-clinical studies and postulated mechanisms of MSC actions in respiratory virus-induced lung injuries. This review presents these, along with consideration of current clinical investigations.
A rare case of recurrent primary anorectal melanoma emphasizing the importance of postoperative follow-ups
Authors: Li Zhihao , Šandera Peter , Beer Marc , Weber Markus 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Primary anorectal melanoma can be a rare differential diagnosis of anorectal mass. Due to the low case number reported in the literature, physicians are not aware of this aggressive disease. Although no consensus exists, wide local excision and abdominoperineal resection are considered the mainstay therapy.

Case presentation
An 85-year-old female patient presented with fecal incontinence 5 years after local resection of a primary anorectal melanoma. In the rectoscopy, a tumor proximal to the dentate line was identified and later confirmed as a recurrent primary anorectal melanoma. There were no signs of locoregional or distant metastasis on the MRI and PET/CT. She underwent another wide local excision and regained fecal continence postoperatively.

Conclusions
Primary anorectal melanoma should belong to the differential diagnosis of anorectal mass. If technically feasible, wide local excision represents a less invasive treatment than abdominoperineal resection, retaining the anal sphincter and patient’s quality of life. Even though wide local excision has a higher recurrence rate than abdominoperineal resection, there is no difference in survival between the two procedures. This is only under the premise that patients are followed-up regularly after wide local excision so that recurrence can be spotted early on and locally excised.
A pilot study on locomotion training via biomechanical models and a wearable haptic feedback system
Authors: Demircan Emel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLocomotion is a fundamental human skill. Real-time sensing and feedback is a promising strategy for motion training to reconstruct healthy locomotion patterns lost due to aging or disease, and to prevent injuries. In this paper, we present a pilot study on locomotion training via biomechanical modeling and a wearable haptic feedback system. In addition, a novel simulation framework for motion tracking and analysis is introduced. This unified framework, implemented within the Unity environment, is used to analyze subject’s baseline and performance characteristics, and to provide real-time haptic feedback during locomotion. The framework incorporates accurate musculoskeletal models derived from OpenSim, closed-form calculations of muscle routing kinematics and kinematic Jacobian matrices, dynamic performance metrics (i.e., muscular effort), human motion reconstruction via inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors, and real-time visualization of the motion and its dynamics. A pilot study was conducted in which 6 healthy subjects learned to alter running patterns to lower the knee flexion moment (KFM) through haptic feedback. We targeted three gait parameters (trunk lean, cadence, and foot strike) that previous studies had identified as having an influence on reducing the knee flexion moment and associated with increased risk of running injuries. All subjects were able to adopt altered running patterns requiring simultaneous changes to these kinematic parameters and reduced their KFM to 30–85% of their baseline values. The muscular effort during motion training stayed comparable to subjects’ baseline. This study shows that biomechanical modeling, together with real-time sensing and wearable haptic feedback can greatly increase the efficiency of motion training.