bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study of neural networks point source extraction on simulated Fermi/LATtelescope images
Authors: Mariia Drozdova , Anton Broilovskiy , Andrey Ustyuzhanin , Denys Malyshev 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAstrophysical images in the GeV band are challenging to analyze due to the strong contribution of the background and foreground astrophysical diffuse emission and relatively broad point spread function of modern space‐based instruments. In certain cases, even finding of point sources on the image becomes a non‐trivial task. We present a method for point sources extraction using a convolution neural network (CNN) trained on our own artificial dataset, which imitates images from the Fermi Large Area Telescope. These images are raw count photon maps of10 × 10deg2covering energies from 1 to 10 GeV. We compare different CNN architectures that demonstrate accuracy increase by≈15%and reduces the inference time by at least the factor of four accuracy improvement with respect to a similar state‐of‐the‐art models.
Brandgefahr durch Elektroinstallationen in modernen mehrgeschossigen Holzgebäuden
Authors: Engel Thomas , Moosmüller Katharina , Werther Norman 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEin Drittel aller Brände in Gebäuden lässt sich auf sog. Elektrobrände zurückführen. Eine, spätestens seit Einführung der DIN VDE 0100‐420 im Jahr 2016 und der allgemeinen Forderung zur Verwendung von Fehlerlichtbogen‐Schutzeinrichtungen (AFDDs) in Holzgebäuden, diskutierte Frage ist, ob die brennbare Konstruktion ein erhöhtes Risiko bei Elektrobränden darstellt und folglich Holzgebäude spezieller geschützt werden müssen. Im Rahmen der nachfolgend beschriebenen Untersuchung wurde diese Fragestellung für moderne mehrgeschossige Gebäude aus Holz untersucht. Brennbare Dämmstoffe waren nicht Teil des Untersuchungsumfangs. Im Rahmen der Untersuchung konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass das Risiko eines Auftretens von Elektrobränden innerhalb der Konstruktion verhältnismäßig gering ist und die vorhandenen Schutzeinrichtungen eines Hausanschlusses einen Teil möglicher Defekte bereits abdecken. Als maßgebendes Einwirkungsszenario wurde ein Lichtbogen ermittelt. Bei allen durchgeführten Versuchen trat ein Selbstverlöschen auf. Eine Notwendigkeit von AFDDs in Standardgebäuden ließ sich nach Auswertung der Versuche nicht erkennen.
A natural language interface with casual users for crowd animation
Authors: Liu Wen‐Yun , Wong Sai‐Keung , Chen Chien‐Yuan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe develop an interface that bridges crowd simulation and natural language processing techniques so that casual users can produce crowd animation by text input. The interface adopts a parser and a tagger to analyze simple English sentences to convert them into intermediate data structures that encapsulate the essential elements of crowds. There are five stages: preprocessing, parsing input sentences, crowd generation, animation adjustment, and crowd animation. Our system supports basic behaviors including standing, walking, running, escaping, being attracted, and queuing. We conducted a user experience study to evaluate the interface. The results show that the interface is user‐friendly for casual users to produce crowd animation.
Cardiac procedural deferral during the coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic
Authors: Yong Celina M. , Ang Lawrence , Welt Frederick G. P. , Gummidipundi Santosh , Henry Timothy D. , Pinto Duane S. , Cox David , Wang Paul , Asch Steven , Mahmud Ehtisham , Fearon William F. ,   Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) Interventional Council
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe aimed to examine factors impacting variability in cardiac procedural deferral during the COVID‐19 pandemic and assess cardiologists' perspectives regarding its implications. Unprecedented cardiac procedural deferral was implemented nationwide during the COVID‐19 pandemic. A web‐based survey was administered by Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions and the American College of Cardiology Interventional Council to cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) directors and interventional cardiologists across the United States during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Among 414 total responses, 48 states and 360 unique cardiac catheterization laboratories were represented, with mean inpatient COVID‐19 burden 16.4 ± 21.9%. There was a spectrum of deferral by procedure type, varying by both severity of COVID‐19 burden and procedural urgency (p < .001). Percutaneous coronary intervention volumes dropped by 55% (p < .0001) and transcatheter aortic valve replacement volumes dropped by 64% (p = .004), with cardiologists reporting an increase in late presenting ST‐elevation myocardial infarctions and deaths among patients waiting for transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Almost 1/3 of catheterization laboratories had at least one interventionalist testing positive for COVID‐19. Salary reductions did not influence procedural deferral or speed of reinstituting normal volumes. Pandemic preparedness improved significantly over time, with the most pressing current problems focused on inadequate testing and staff health risks. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, cardiac procedural deferrals were associated with procedural urgency and severity of hospital COVID‐19 burden. Yet patients did not appear to be similarly influenced, with cardiologists reporting increases in late presenting ST‐elevation myocardial infarctions independent of local COVID‐19 burden. The safety and importance of seeking healthcare during this pandemic deserves emphasis.
Experimental and Analytical Study of an Anode‐Supported Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell
Authors: Mendoza Rose Marie , Mora Joy Marie , Cervera Rinlee Butch , Chuang Po-Ya Abel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA 1‐D electrochemical model for a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is developed and validated using published experimental data. The model combines thermodynamics, kinetic, ohmic, and concentration overpotentials to predict cell performance. For the anode‐supported SOEC, good agreement is obtained between the model and experimental data, with ohmic loss being the major contributor to the cell's total overpotential. Both kinetic and concentration losses are less significant due to high‐temperature operation. Due to the dominating performance loss, reducing the anode thickness is effective in diminishing the cell potential. Overall, this simple 1‐D model can be employed as a design tool to evaluate component design and estimate system performance for industrial applications.
Azopolymer‐Based Nanoimprint Lithography: Recent Developments in Methodology and Applications
Authors: Yang Bowen , Yu Mingming , Yu Haifeng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNanofabrication on soft polymeric surfaces is an essential process in many fields, for example, chip manufacturing, microfluidics, high efficiency solar cells, and anticounterfeiting. In order to achieve these applications, various nanofabrication methods have been explored. Among them, nanoimprint lithography (NIL) has drawn worldwide attention because of its cheap and fast processability. In this minireview, an overview of azopolymer‐based NIL is provided. Since their discovery, azopolymers have demonstrated versatile photoresponsive characteristics due to their unique physical and chemical properties that originate from the photoisomerization of azobenzene chromophores. As such, two aspects are reported in this minireview. On the one hand, various azopolymers showing photofluidization and photoswitchable glass transition temperatures have been developed, thus facilitating methodological advancements in NIL. On the other hand, these on‐demand NIL methods provide greater opportunities for azopolymer‐based applications, such as templating of optics, directional photo‐manipulation of nanopatterns, and micro photo‐actuators. Also the challenges are discussed that remain in this field.
Torsional ductility spectrum for predicting ductility distribution in simple asymmetric‐plan structures
Authors: Sucuoğlu Halûk , Kaatsız Kaan 
Published: September 2020

SummaryAn analytical procedure is developed for predicting the ductility demands in simple asymmetric‐plan structures under earthquake ground motions. The procedure governs regular structures dominated by the lower vibration modes where inelastic response occurs only at the bases of first story columns and at the beam ends, in conformance with the capacity design principles. Torsional ductility spectra are generated for expressing the maximum ductility response of torsionally coupled, generic, single‐story, 2‐degree‐of‐freedom inelastic parametric systems. Five parameters characterize the parametric systems: first mode period, uncoupled frequency ratio, stiffness eccentricity, stiff‐to‐flexible edge strength ratio, and ductility reduction factor. A surrogate modeling approach is developed for converting the properties of the actual systems to those of the parametric system. Mean maximum ductilities of torsionally stiff, equally stiff, and torsionally flexible systems are calculated under a set of design spectrum compatible strong motions for the possible combinations of characteristic parameters. The results obtained from case studies revealed reasonable accuracy of the estimations. The results have indicated that the flexible side frames of torsionally stiff and equally stiff code conforming designs are mainly responsible for providing the intended ductility and energy dissipation capacity whereas the stiff side frames play a secondary role, particularly when the stiff edge is significantly stronger than the flexible edge. However, ductility demands in torsionally flexible systems are significantly larger at both sides compared with torsionally stiff systems.
Survey on recent smart gateways for smart home: Systems, technologies, and challenges
Authors: Yan Wenyao , Wang Zhixiao , Wang Hao , Wang Wendong , Li Junhuai , Gui Xiaolin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA smart gateway, which plays a crucial role in a smart home, generally bridges the inside and outside home networks, as well as collaboratively manages the intelligent Internet of things (IoT) devices equipped in the smart home, due to it can convert different communication protocols, gather generated data from surrounding devices, and even conduct some local data processing tasks. In this survey, we first review the whole smart home research area with a focus on a framework based on edge computing and multiple intelligent agents. Then, relying on the time‐line and different metrics including quality of experience (QoE), artificial intelligence support, software‐defined network, and so on, we divide the evolution of smart gateways into three generations. Considering recent smart gateways mainly belong to the second generation, we further investigate and classify them into two categories from another perspective of user‐awareness and data‐awareness. Afterward, we discussed the key enabling technologies and components of smart gateways, such as operating systems, wireless communication protocols, and security. At last, we explore the challenges and trends of smart gateways and point out that maximizing QoE as well as data‐awareness is the key feature of future gateways. This survey has practical significance for building a smart home system, broadly speaking, even for constructing the IoT and smart space.
Streaming service provisioning in IoT‐based healthcare: An integrated edge‐cloud perspective
Authors: Pratim Ray Partha , Dash Dinesh , Moustafa Nour 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBio‐sensor data streaming and analytics is a key component of smart e‐healthcare. However, existing Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem is unable to materialize the real‐time bio‐sensor data streaming and analytics within resource constrained environment. Moreover, traditional solutions fail to mitigate the edge‐cloud integration within a single sub‐system under IoT periphery which lead to investigate how edge‐cloud hybridization could be realized via similar set of tools. The objective of this article is to implement an integrated dual‐mode edge‐cloud system to serve streaming and analytics in real‐time. This study aims to achieve the aforesaid goal by presenting two different experiments that deals with the real‐time pulse sensor data streaming and analytics while utilizing light‐weight IoT‐supported JavaScript frameworks that includes Node.js, Johnny‐Five, Serialport.js, Plotly client, Flot.js, jQUERYy, Express Server, and Socket.io. Firstly, a standalone IoT‐edge system is developed and later, an integrated IoT‐based edge‐cloud system is developed to compare between the effectiveness of the systems. The implementation results show near correlation between the standalone edge and dual‐mode edge system. However, the dual‐mode edge‐cloud system provides more flexibility and capability to counter the bio‐sensor data streaming and analytics services within the constrained framework.
Loss of Hepatic Carcinoembryonic Antigen‐Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 Links Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis to Atherosclerosis
Authors: Ghadieh Hilda E. , Abu Helal Raghd , Muturi Harrison T. , Issa Daniella D. , Russo Lucia , Abdallah Simon L. , Najjar John A. , Benencia Fabian , Vazquez Guillermo , Li Wei , Najjar Sonia M. 
Published: September 2020

Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease/steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH) commonly develop atherosclerosis through a mechanism that is not well delineated. These diseases are associated with steatosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. The role of insulin resistance in their pathogenesis remains controversial. Albumin (Alb)Cre+

Cc1flox

(

fl

)

/fl
mice with the liver‐specific null deletion of the carcinoembryonic antigen‐related cell adhesion molecule 1 (Ceacam1; alias Cc1) gene display hyperinsulinemia resulting from impaired insulin clearance followed by hepatic insulin resistance, elevated de novo lipogenesis, and ultimately visceral obesity and systemic insulin resistance. We therefore tested whether this mutation causes NAFLD/NASH and atherosclerosis. To this end, mice were propagated on a low‐density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr)
−/−
background and at 4 months of age were fed a high‐cholesterol diet for 2 months. We then assessed the biochemical and histopathologic changes in liver and aortae. Ldlr−/−AlbCre+Cc1fl/fl
mice developed chronic hyperinsulinemia with proatherogenic hypercholesterolemia, a robust proinflammatory state associated with visceral obesity, elevated oxidative stress (reduced NO production), and an increase in plasma and tissue endothelin‐1 levels. In parallel, they developed NASH (steatohepatitis, apoptosis, and fibrosis) and atherosclerotic plaque lesions. Mechanistically, hyperinsulinemia caused down‐regulation of the insulin receptor followed by inactivation of the insulin receptor substrate 1–protein kinase B–endothelial NO synthase pathway in aortae, lowering the NO level. This also limited CEACAM1 phosphorylation and its sequestration of Shc‐transforming protein (Shc), activating the Shc–mitogen‐activated protein kinase–nuclear factor kappa B pathway and stimulating endothelin‐1 production. Thus, in the presence of proatherogenic dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia and hepatic insulin resistance driven by liver‐specific deletion of Ceacam1 caused metabolic and vascular alterations reminiscent of NASH and atherosclerosis. Conclusion: Altered CEACAM1‐dependent hepatic insulin clearance pathways constitute a molecular link between NASH and atherosclerosis.
Health seeking behaviour and its determinants in urban areas of developing countries: A primary survey in Kolkata city, India
Authors: Patra Mahua , Bandyopadhyay Satarupa 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThe aim of universal access to health care for most of the developing countries seems more challenging nowadays with rapid urbanization. We analyzed the health seeking behavior, as an indicator of the health access situation, its determinants and equitability among slum vs non‐slum population in Kolkata. Public hospitals, found to be preferred by less‐educated and uninsured people and provided cheaper service, although struggled with high indirect‐costs and access barriers. People with high opportunity cost and higher social background were found to be more serious about treatment. However, the slum and non‐slum people did not differ significantly in their health‐seeking behaviour. A strengthened public health system with reduced access barrier is recommended.
Computational study of thermal buoyancy from two confined cylinders within a square enclosure wifth single inlet and outlet ports
Authors: Laidoudi Houssem , Makinde Oluwole Daniel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article is devoted to investigating the mixed convection arising from two equally hot circular cylinders embedded in a square cavity of adiabatic surfaces. This cavity is filled with an incompressible fluid and contains single entry and outlet orifices. The heated cylinders are assumed to be arranged side‐by‐side with a fixed gap within the square cavity. Based on some simplifying assumptions, the nonlinear governing equations that express the principle of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy are obtained and numerically solved using a Computational fluid dynamics package ANSYS‐CFX with finite volume technique. Pertinent results showing the roles of embedded parameters such as Richardson number (Ri = 0 to 1) and Reynolds number (Re = 1 to 40) at Prandtl number (Pr = 1) on the overall fluid flow and temperature patterns are graphically depicted in the form of representative streamlines and isotherms. The values of average Nusselt number and total drag coefficient (CD) for both representative cylinders are also computed and discussed. Generally, an increase in buoyancy force augments the effectiveness of heat transfer only of the down cylinder. Also, a rise in Re and/or Ri numbers augment the flow instability.
How the cost of control affects the cost of shares of various stakes
Authors: Kozyr Yuriy V. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe main purpose of this article is to create a mathematical apparatus for calculating premiums for control and discounts for the lack of control when calculating share interests in business. The article covers the issue of estimating premium and discount rates for the presence or lack of control when switching from one to another level of value taking into account changes in a controlling number of shares exercised by the owners of corresponding stock shares, equity holding structure, market conditions and applicable laws covering stock corporations. The article also provides corresponding mathematical tools and calculation examples.
Systematic review of clinical outcomes of clinical pharmacist roles in hospitalised general medicine patients
Authors: Tong Erica Y. , Edwards Gail , Hua Phuong Uyen , Yip Gary 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimThe role of clinical pharmacists in the care of hospitalised general medicine patients is evolving from a reactive model of care to a model with an emphasis on interdisciplinary care and more advanced models of care. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the published literature on the effects of roles of clinical pharmacists that extend beyond those activities considered to be standard clinical practice in Australia, on clinical outcomes in hospitalised general medicine patients.Data sourcesA search of English‐language publications in six databases was conducted.Study selectionPeer‐reviewed, English‐language articles were identified across the date range January 2000 to June 2020. Studies were included if they evaluated an inpatient pharmacy service in a general medicine population and the article included a study design with a clear comparator and outcomes such as medication errors or medication appropriateness. Studies evaluating pharmacists’ activities that are considered standard clinical practice for pharmacists in Australia, such as participation on ward rounds, medication reconciliation and patient education were excluded.ResultsTwelve studies met the inclusion criteria: four evaluating pharmacist‐led anticoagulation or thromboprophylaxis management, one evaluating pharmacist‐led vaccination, three evaluating a pharmacist charting model, two evaluating pharmacist‐led de‐escalation of therapy, one evaluating a pharmacist intervention in patients with chronic kidney disease and one evaluating pharmacist‐led glycaemic control.ConclusionsThe addition of advanced clinical pharmacist services in the care of general medicine inpatients generally resulted in improved care, with no evidence of harm. Future studies should include multiple sites, larger sample sizes, reproducible interventions and identification of patient‐specific factors that lead to improved outcomes.
Anatomical Survey Versus Fetal Echocardiograms for Diagnosis of Cardiac Defects with a Single Umbilical Artery Cases
Authors: Tonismae Tiffany , Kline Jessica H. , Choe Jennifer J. , Schubert Frank , Tuuli Methodius , Shanks Anthony 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveTo determine the utility of fetal echocardiography in diagnosing cardiac defects in fetuses with a single umbilical artery (SUA).MethodsA retrospective cohort study of prenatally diagnosed SUA was conducted over a 10‐year period at a single institution. Cardiac anatomy on detailed anatomical survey was compared with fetal echocardiogram for fetuses with prenatally diagnosed SUA. A diagnostic meta‐analysis of studies comparing fetal anatomical survey to fetal echocardiogram in fetuses with SUA between 2010 to 2019 was also performed.ResultsThree hundred and twenty fetuses with SUA were identified, 113 of which had completed both ultrasound and echocardiography. There were 36 cases of cardiac defects on prenatal echocardiogram and all had abnormal anatomical ultrasounds. There were zero cases of abnormal cardiac exams (0%) when the cardiac views on anatomical survey were normal. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of ultrasound were 100%, 77%, 73% and 100%, respectively. A summary ROC curve demonstrated a high predictive value of routine anatomic survey for cardiac defects (AUC: 0.99).ConclusionAnatomic survey is highly predictive in the detection of cardiac defects in fetuses with SUA. Fetal echocardiogram is unnecessary in SUA when cardiac views are normal on ultrasound.