bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surdez Congénita ou Precocemente Adquirida: Do Rastreio ao Seguimento, um Retrato de Portugal
Authors: Oliveira Catarina , Machado Marta , Zenha Raquel , Azevedo Luísa , Monteiro Luísa , Bicho Adelaide 
Published: December 2019

Introdução: A surdez congénita ou precocemente adquirida afeta 1 a 3 por cada 1000 recém-nascidos sem fatores de risco e 20 a 40/1000 com fatores de risco. O rastreio auditivo neonatal universal permite a sua identificação precoce. As crianças com surdez congénita/precocemente adquirida têm uma maior prevalência de outras patologias, especialmente oftalmológicas e do neurodesenvolvimento, tendo pelo menos 30% a 40% uma comorbilidade associada.Material e Métodos: Realizámos um estudo transversal, multicêntrico onde participaram 83% (n = 30) dos hospitais/maternidades do Serviço Nacional de Saúde.Resultados: Todos os hospitais/maternidades inquiridos realizam, por rotina, o rastreio auditivo neonatal universal a todos os recém-nascidos antes da alta; 63% encaminham para Otorrinolaringologia crianças com fatores de risco de surdez. Todas as crianças com surdez congénita/precocemente adquirida são encaminhadas para Pediatria em 23% hospitais/maternidades. Em 23 hospitais/maternidades todas as crianças com surdez congénita/precocemente adquirida são encaminhadas para: Terapia da Fala em 44% hospitais/maternidades; Oftalmologia em 17% hospitais/maternidades; Sistema Nacional de Intervenção Precoce na Infância (SNIPI) em 30% hospitais/maternidades; referenciação para Genética de todas as crianças com surdez congénita/ precocemente adquirida, sem causa identificada, em 22% hospitais/maternidades. O número de diagnósticos de surdez nos anos de 2014 e 2015 foi de 2,5 e 1,5 por cada1000 recém-nascidos, respetivamente, em 15 dos hospitais/maternidades.Discussão: O rastreio auditivo neonatal universal parece estar amplamente difundido no Serviço Nacional de Saúde. O número de crianças com SC/SPA tal como a percentagem dos diferentes tipos de surdez diagnosticados, foram idênticos aos encontrados noutros estudos e mostra a indiscutível importância do rastreio. A avaliação/acompanhamento destas crianças por outras especialidades, além da Otorrinolaringologia, mostrou-se heterogéneo nas diferentes entidades de saúde e revelou que nem todas as crianças com fatores de risco de surdez realizam o seguimento aconselhado pelas normas existentes.Conclusão: Os resultados mostram que Portugal realizou um percurso importante no âmbito do rastreio e seguimento das crianças com SC/SPA. Importa, com o fim último da melhoria continua da prestação de cuidados a estas crianças, refletir sobre o envolvimento de outras especialidades, além da Otorrinolaringologia, tal como do Sistema Nacional de Intervenção Precoce na Infância no seguimento destas crianças.
Usefulness of Early C-Reactive Protein Kinetics in Response and Prognostic Assessment in Infected Critically Ill Patients: An Observational Retrospective Study
Authors: Pereira Marta Ayres , Rouxinol-Dias Ana Lídia , Vieira Tatiana , Paiva José Artur 
Published: December 2019

Introduction: The ideal biomarker to assess response and prognostic assessment in the infected critically ill patient is still not available. The aims of our study were to analyze the association between early C-reactive protein kinetics and duration and appropriateness of antibiotic therapy and its usefulness in predicting mortality in infected critically ill patients.Material and Methods: We have carried out an observational retrospective study in a cohort of 60 patients with community-acquired pneumonia, aspiration pneumonia and bacteremia at an intensive care unit. We have collected C-reactive protein consecutive serum levels for eight days as well as duration and appropriateness of initial antibiotic therapy. C-reactive protein kinetic groups were defined based on the levels at days 0, 4 and 7. With a follow-up of one year, we have evaluated mortality at different time-points.Results: We have obtained three different C-reactive protein kinetic groups from the sample: fast response, delayed but fast response and delayed and slow response. We did not find statistically significant associations between C-reactive protein kinetics and early (intensive care unit, hospital and 28-days) or late (six months and one year) mortality and antibiotic therapy duration (p > 0.05). Although there were no statistically significant differences between the appropriateness of antibiotic therapy and the defined groups (p = 0.265), no patient with inappropriate antibiotic therapy presented a fast response pattern.Discussion: Several studies suggest the importance of this protein in infection.Conclusion: Early C-reactive protein kinetics is not associated with response and prognostic assessment in infected critically ill patients. Nevertheless, a fast response pattern tends to exclude initial inappropriate antibiotic therapy.
Oral Transmission of Sexually Transmissable Infections: A Narrative Review
Authors: Queirós Catarina , Costa João Borges da 
Published: December 2019

Over the last few decades, behavioral changes in sexual practices have made oral transmission of traditional sexually transmissible infections increasingly recognized. Patients harboring a sexually transmissible infection may first present lesions on the oral cavity, as these may be visible and interfere with basic functions such as speech or swallowing. Moreover, the oral cavity may function as a reservoir for future spread of these infections. In order to successfully control this problem, a greater focus on oral sex should be persued, along with promotion of the use of condom and education on safe oral sex practices. Furthermore, examination of the oral cavity should is essential when evaluating any patient suspected of harboring a sexually transmissible infection. In this article, oral transmission of several viral and bacterial infections is reviewed, including human papillomavirus infection, genital herpes, syphilis and gonorrhea, among others.
Mathematical Models and Algorithms of Optimal Load Management of Electricity Consumers
Authors: Rakhmonov I. U. , Reymov K. M. 
Published: December 2019

Load profile alignment based on optimal power consumption management is considered to be one of the main ways to ensure efficient operation of energy systems in the short-term planning. Alignment load profile with a view to reducing costs can be implemented with the aid of consumers’ involvement by administrative and economic measures. Administrative measures are associated with the forced restriction of consumer loads in certain intervals of the planning period. On one hand, these measures provide benefits to the power system by alignment load profile, and on the other hand, they cause detriment to consumers. Ultimately, in some cases, for the whole power system, the detriment may be greater than the benefits. Therefore, it is advisable to use administrative measures in conditions of shortage of power and electricity in the power system. Optimal planning of short-term regimes of power systems according to rigid load profile received after alignment can be carried out by traditional methods. The solution of such a problem ought to be initially carried out under conditions of non-rigid load profile resulting from the directive use of administrative and economic measures carried out with the help of specially developed models. In this regard, the paper proposes a mathematical model of the problem of optimizing load profile of regulated electricity consumers to be used for optimal planning of shortterm power system modes, an algorithm for optimal planning of a short-term power system mode with optimizing load profile of regulated power consumers. Also, algorithms are proposed for accounting for simple and functional constraints in the form of equalities and inequalities when optimizing load profile. The effectiveness of the described algorithm for optimizing the short-term mode of the power system, taking into account the optimal load control of adjustable electricity consumers, has been studied using the example of optimal coverage of the load profile of power system, which contains two consumers with adjustable load profile, and two TPPs. Based on the calculated-and-experimental studies, it was determined that the proposed mathematical model of the problem is adequate, while the developed algorithms for optimal planning of short-term power system modes with optimization of load profile of regulated electricity consumers and taking into account various types of limitations are of high computational qualities.
Prevalence of depression and its association with parental neglect among adolescents at governmental high schools of Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: A cross sectional study
Authors: Tirfeneh Enguday , Srah Mengesha 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background depression is one of the most serious and prevalent mental illnesses that can result in serious disability and ending life by committing suicide and homicide. The risks of having depression are substantially higher in persons who have parental neglect when compared to the general population.Objective To detect prevalence of depression and its association with parental neglect among adolescents in governmental high schools at Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia 2019Method A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1-30/2019 at Aksum town high schools. Public health questionnaire was used in this study to detect Depression. Study participants were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected with face to face interview. Data was analyzed using statistical package for social science version 22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to see the association between depression and parental neglect. Adjusted Odds ratio at a p-value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval was taken to declare statistical significance of variables.
Integration of physical activity in reablement for community dwelling older adults: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Mjøsund Hanne Leirbekk , Moe Cathrine Fredriksen , Burton Elissa , Uhrenfeldt Lisbeth 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Reablement is a rehabilitative intervention provided to homecare receivers (mostly older adults) with the aim of improving function and independence. There is limited evidence of the effectiveness of reablement and the content of these interventions is variable. Physical activity (PA) is known to be important for improving and maintaining function among older adults, but it is unclear how PA is integrated in reablement.Objective: To map existing evidence of how PA strategies are integrated and explored in studies of reablement for community dwelling older adults and to identify knowledge gaps.Methods: An apriori protocol was published. Studies investigating or exploring time-limited (within 6 months), interdisciplinary reablement for community-dwelling older adults, published in English, Norwegian, Danish, Swedish and German were considered for inclusion. PubMed, Cochrane central register of controlled trials, Embase, PsycINFO, AMED, PEDro, CINAHL and Google Scholar were searched for studies published between 1996 and July 2019, in addition to reference and citation searches. Study selection and data extraction were made independently by two reviewers.Results: Forty-three studies were included. Exercise strategies and practice of daily activities were reported to be included in the majority of intervention studies, but in most cases, no information was provided about the degree or intensity of which PA was involved, or how PA interventions were targeted to individual needs. Interventions aiming to increase general PA levels or reduce sedentary behavior were rarely described. None of the studies explored older adults’, health care providers’ or family members’ experiences with PA in a reablement setting, but some of the studies touched upon themes related to PA experiences. Some studies reported outcomes of physical fitness, including mobility, strength and balance, but there was insufficient evidence for any synthesis of these results. None of the studies reported PA levels among older adults receiving reablement.Conclusion: There is limited evidence regarding how PA is integrated in reablement, including how PA strategies are targeted to older adults’ individual needs and preferences in a reablement setting. The feasibility, and effectiveness of PA interventions, as well as experiences or barriers related to PA in a reablement setting should be further investigated.
Evaluation of the clinical and anti-destructive effect of an anti-B cell preparation depending on concomitant therapy with basic anti-inflammatory drugs and glucocorticoids in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kudryavtseva A. V. , Lukina G. V. , Smirnov A. V. , Glukhova S. I. 
Published: December 2019

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness, safety and anti-destructive effect of anti-B-cell therapy (rituximab) in various combinations (RTM-mono, RTM + DMARD, RTM + GK) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in real clinical practice.Materials and methods: Clinical and radiological evaluation of 110 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who received rituximab therapy (RTM) as monotherapy (group 1), in combination with methotrexate (group 2), leflunomide (group 3), and group 4 with other basic anti-inflammatory drugs.Results: When assessing at 48 weeks of treatment with these regimens, the achievement of remission and a low degree of activity was observed in 22.36% of patients. An X-ray evaluation showed the absence of progression in the total score in 60.9%. When assessing progression in the monotherapy group, there was no progression in 76.92%, in the group of PTM + MT – in 54.29%, in the group of PTM + LEF – 65.0%, in the group of other DMARDs – 50% of patients. When assessing the clinical effect in the group receiving GK – remission and a low degree of activity – 19.67% of patients, in the group without GK – 21.05%. Assessing the radiological dynamics, it was shown that in the group not receiving GK – inhibition by the total score occurred in 54.55%, receiving – 61.54%.Conclusion: This work has demonstrated the high therapeutic efficacy of RTM in real clinical practice. There were no significant differences in the degree of progression depending on the concomitant therapy of DMARDs or GK. In the treatment of RTM, inhibition of articular destruction is possible even against the background of clinical deterioration.
Experience of using vasoactive therapy in patients with stage I-II venous discirculatory encephalopathy
Authors: Bel’skaya G. N. , Stepanova S. B. , Lukashevich I. G. , Luzanova E. I. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction. We present the results of our own observational cohort study of patients with stage I-II discirculatory encephalopathy treated with a combination of dihydroergocriptine and caffeine (Vazobral®). Interest in this issue is due to the fact that cerebrospinal venous insufficiency plays a role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and vascular diseases of the brain, leading to the development of cognitive impairment, the formation of secondary headaches, and reducing the quality of life of patients.The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the drug Vazobral® in patients with stage I-II discirculatory encephalopathy due to venous discirculation in the presence of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency.Material and methods: 102 outpatients (average age 63.5 ± 3.74 years, 25 (25.5%) men and 77 (74.5%) women) suffering from chronic cerebral ischemia and having signs of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency . Stage I dyscirculatory encephalopathy with mild cognitive impairment was diagnosed in 58 (59.2%) patients, stage II dyscirculatory encephalopathy with mild cognitive impairment was diagnosed. All observed had a duplex scan of the branches of the aortic arch, jugular and vertebral veins, with a measurement of the linear velocity of blood flow; the intensity of headaches, cognitive status, the severity of affective syndrome using special questionnaires were evaluated. For 3 months, patients took Vazobral® 8/80 mg per day. The data obtained were analyzed using computer programs SPSS and Statistica. Significance of differences – with a 95% CI, p <0.05.Results. Significant positive dynamics was observed in patients with Vazobral®: a decrease in headache intensity (from 4.11 to 0.67 points), cognitive function assessment increased by 14% from the initial level, the severity of the anxiety-depressive symptom complex, significantly decreased by 38–56%Conclusion. The drug Vazobral® can be recommended to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of patients suffering from stage I-II discirculatory encephalopathy with venous discirculation phenomena.
Estimación de parámetros operativos eficientes enfocados a la fabricación de bobinas eléctricas empleando un diseño experimental 2k
Authors: Ruelas Santoyo Edgar Augusto , Cardiel Ortega José Jovani 
Published: December 2019

Introducción: Ante la importancia de la industria eléctrica del país por incidir en la mayoría de los procesos productivos de la economía, los retos en los cambios en el mercado energético y las nuevas regulaciones para los productores, surge la necesidad, desde el aspecto de la manufactura de ofrecer herramientas para mejorar los procesos de fabricación de productos eléctricos, la calidad del servicio y aumentar la confiabilidad del sistema. El transformador es uno de los elementos más importantes en el sistema de transmisión de energía, fabricarlo con bajos estándares de calidad representa problemas importantes tanto para los consumidores finales como para el sistema en general. El propósito de este trabajo es establecer condiciones de operación eficientes para la manufactura de bobinas eléctricas, minimizando la variabilidad de las dimensiones y permitir un correcto ensamble de los componentes que integran el transformador monofásico.Método: Se utilizó el análisis de capacidad para evaluar la habilidad del proceso al cumplir con las especificaciones antes y después de las mejoras, además, se desarrolló un Diseño de Experimentos Factorial 2k que permitió establecer condiciones de operación adecuadas en el proceso de manufactura además de determinar la influencia de la tensión del alambre y el proveedor del papel dieléctrico sobre las variables dimensionales de la bobina. Resultados: Con el estudio se encontró que los factores considerados tienen influencia significativa sobre las dimensiones de las bobinas, los niveles altos de cada factor permitieron minimizar las dimensiones, con ello fue posible cumplir con los límites de especificación, se logró mejorar el centrado del proceso en las variables del largo y ancho de la bobina al incrementar sustancialmente los índices de capacidad reales del proceso.Discusión o Conclusión: Los métodos estadísticos utilizados en este trabajo fueron una herramienta eficaz para estudiar el proceso, minimizar las dimensiones, mejorar la eficiencia del producto y los costos por re-trabajos.
Influencia del estiércol composteado y micorriza arbuscular sobre la composición química del suelo y el rendimiento productivo de maíz forrajero (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Jiménez Ortiz Manuela Margarita , Gómez Álvarez Regino , Oliva Hernández Jorge , Granados Zurita Lorenzo , Pat Fernández Juan Manuel , Aranda Ibañez Emilio Manuel 
Published: December 2019

Introducción: El estiércol composteado (E) es una alternativa al reciclaje de nutrientes, y puede mejorar o mantener la fertilidad del suelo sustituyendo a la fertilización convencional. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar las características y composición química del suelo, porcentaje de infección del hongo micorrízico arbuscular (M) en raíz, características agronómicas de la planta, tasa de crecimiento en el cultivo, acumulación de nutrientes y rendimiento productivo, en respuesta del E y del Glomus intraradices (M) en maíz forrajero.Método: Se evaluaron seis niveles de fertilización orgánica (15, 30 y 45 t ha-1 de E, 15, 30 y 45 t ha-1 de EM), uno de fertilización química (FQ: 160-60-30 kg ha-1 de NPK), y un testigo (sin fertilizar: SF), en dos ciclos de cultivos (Ciclo, PV: primavera-verano y OI: otoño-invierno). Se utilizó E y G. intraradices. Las variables estudiadas en el suelo fueron: pH, conductividad eléctrica (CE), materia orgánica (MO), N, P, K, Ca, capacidad de intercambio catiónico (CIC), numero de esporas; en la planta: acumulación de nutrientes (N, P, K, Ca), porcentaje de infección en raíz, altura, numero de hojas y materia seca (MS); en el cultivo: tasa de crecimiento del cultivo (TCC), rendimiento de forraje en materia verde (MV t ha-1) y materia seca (MS t ha-1).Resultados: Con excepción del K en suelo y la CIC, el Tratamiento, Ciclo y la interacción de ambos factores afectaron (P<0.05) las variables que definieron la composición química del suelo (pH, CE, MO, N, P, Ca), la acumulación de nutrientes en planta (N, P, K, Ca) y el rendimiento de forraje en MV y MS. En OI, FQ presentó el menor contenido de MO; en PV, un incremento en el E (de 15E a 45E) permitió aumentar la MO (P>0.05). El N en suelo fue mayor en OI con relación a PV en todos los tratamientos (P>0.05). En OI, 30EM presentó la mayor acumulación de nutrientes en planta (N, P, K y Ca) con respecto al resto de los tratamientos (P>0.05). En ambos ciclos, PV y OI, 30EM tuvo el mayor rendimiento de forraje en MS (P>0.05).Discusión o Conclusión: La composición química del suelo, planta y el rendimiento de maíz forrajero fueron afectados por el uso de E solo o en combinación con M durante los ciclos PV y OI. El uso de 30EM representa una mejor opción de fertilización con relación SF y FQ debido a que la planta tuvo mayor producción de forraje en MS durante la PV y OI. El uso de G. intraradices en combinación con E contribuye a optimizar la utilización de nutrientes del suelo por la planta. Los resultados obtenidos son importantes para incrementar la calidad y cantidad de maíz forrajero.
Real time controlled sustainable urban drainage systems in dense urban areas
Authors: Kändler Nils , Annus Ivar , Vassiljev Anatoli , Puust Raido 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Stormwater runoff from urban catchments is affected by the changing climate and rapid urban development. Intensity of rainstorms is expected to increase in Northern Europe, and sealing off surfaces reduces natural stormwater management. Both trends increase stormwater peak runoff volume that urban stormwater systems (UDS) have to tackle. Pipeline systems have typically limited capacity, therefore measures must be foreseen to reduce runoff from new developed areas to existing UDS in order to avoid surcharge. There are several solutions available to tackle this challenge, e.g. low impact development (LID), best management practices (BMP) or stormwater real time control measures (RTC). In our study, a new concept of a smart in-line storage system is developed and evaluated on the background of traditional in-line and off-line detention solutions. The system is operated by real time controlled actuators with an ability to predict rainfall dynamics. This solution does not need an advanced and expensive centralised control system; it is easy to implement and install. The concept has been successfully tested in a 12.5 ha urban development area in Tallinn, the Estonian capital. Our analysis results show a significant potential and economic feasibility in the reduction of peak flow from dense urban areas with limited free construction space.