bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of different sufentanil target concentrations on the MACBAR of sevoflurane in patients with carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum stimulus
Authors: Guo Yanxia , Wang Dan , Yang Xiao-lin , Jiang Pingping , Xu Juan , Zhang Guoyuan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aims to observe the effects of different target controlled plasma sufentanil concentrations on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane for blocking adrenergic response (BAR) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy with carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum stimulation.Methods: Eighty-five patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, aged 30-65 years, with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ-Ⅱ, were enrolled in this study. All the patients were randomly divided into 5 groups (S0, S1, S2, S3, S4) with different sufentanil plasma target concentration (0.0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 ng ml-1). Anesthesia was induced by inhalation of 8% sevoflurane in 100% oxygen, and 0.6 mg kg-1 of rocuronium was intravenously injected to facilitate the insertion of a laryngeal mask airway. The end-tidal sevoflurane concentration and sufentanil plasma target concentration were adjusted according to respective preset value in each group. The hemodynamic response to pneumoperitoneum stimulus was observed after the end-tidal sevoflurane concentration had been maintained stable at least for 15 min. The MACBAR of sevoflurane was measured by a sequential method. Meanwhile, epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) concentrations in the blood were also determined before and after pneumoperitoneum stimulus in each group.Results: When the method of independent paired reversals was used, the MACBAR of sevoflurane in groups S0, S1, S2, S3, S4 was 5.333% (confidence interval [CI] 95%: 5.197-5.469%), 4.533% (95% CI: 4.451-4.616%), 2.861% (95% CI: 2.752-2.981%), 2.233% (95% CI: 2.142-2.324%) and 2.139% (95% CI: 2.057-2.219%), respectively. Meanwhile, when the isotonic regression analysis was used, the MACBAR of sevoflurane in groups S0, S1, S2, S3, S4 was 5.329% (95% CI: 5.321-5.343%), 4.557% (95% CI: 4.552-4.568%), 2.900% (95% CI: 2.894-2.911%), 2.216% (95% CI: 2.173-2.223%) and 2.171% (95% CI: 2.165-2.183%), respectively. The MACBAR was not significantly different between groups S3 and S4 when using 0.5 and 0.7 ng ml-1 of sufentanil plasma target concentrations. No significant difference was found in the change of E or NE concentration between before and after pneumoperitoneum stimulation in each group.Conclusions: The MACBAR of sevoflurane can be decreased with increasing sufentanil plasma target concentrations. A ceiling effect of the decrease occurred at a sufentanil plasma target concentration of 0.5 ng ml-1. When the sympathetic adrenergic response was inhibited in half of the patients to pneumoperitoneum stimulation in each group, the changes of E and NE concentrations showed no significant differences.Trial registration: The study was registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR1800015819, 23, April, 2018).
A Novel Missense Mutation in the Gene Encoding Major Intrinsic Protein (MIP) in a Giant Panda with Cataracts
Authors: bai chao , You Yuyan , Liu Xuefeng , Xia Maohua , Wang Wei , Jia Ting , Pu Tianchun , Lu Yan , Zhang Chenglin , Li Xiaoguang , Yin Yanqiang , Liqin Wang , Zhou Jun , Niu Lili 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Cataracts are defects of the lens that cause progressive visual impairment and ultimately blindness in many vertebrate species. Most cataracts are age-related, but up to one third have an underlying genetic cause. Cataracts are common in captive zoo animals, but it is often unclear whether these are congenital or sporadic acquired (age-related) lesions. Results: Here we used a functional candidate gene- screening approach to identify mutations associated with cataracts in a captive giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). We screened 11 genes often associated with human cataracts and identified a novel missense mutation (c.686G>A) in the MIP gene encoding major intrinsic protein. , whichThis is expressed in the lens and normally accumulates in the plasma membrane of lens fiber cells, where it plays an important role in fluid transport and cell adhesion. The mutation causes the replacement of serine with asparagine (p.229S>Np.S229N) in the C-terminal tail of the protein, and modeling revealed predicts that the mutation- induced induces conformational changes that may interfere with lens permeability and cell–cell interactions. Conclusion: The c.686G>A mutation was found in a captive giant panda with a unilateral cataract but not in 18 controls from diverse regions of in China, suggesting that c.686G>Ait is likely to bemost likely a genuine disease-causing associated mutation rather than a single-nucleotide polymorphism 5 regions was used in this research. Conclusions: The c.686G>A mutation was not found in healthy pandas, suggesting itThe mutation could therefore serve as a new genetic marker to predict the risk of congenital cataracts in captive giant pandas.
Berberine alters gut microbial function through modulation of bile acids
Authors: Wolf Patricia , Devendran Saravanan , Doden Heidi L. , Ly Lindsey K. , Moore Tyler , Takei Hajime , Nittono Hiroshi , Murai Tsuyoshi , Kurosawa Takao , Chlipala George E. , Green Stefan J. , Kakiyama Genta , Kashyap Purna , McCracken Vance J. , Gaskins H. Rex , Gillevet Patrick M. , Ridlon Jason M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Berberine (BBR) is a plant-based nutraceutical that has been used for millennia to treat diarrheal infections and in contemporary medicine to improve patient lipid profiles. Reduction in lipids, particularly cholesterol, is achieved partly through up-regulation of bile acid synthesis and excretion into the gastrointestinal tract (GI). The efficacy of BBR is also thought to be dependent on structural and functional alterations of the gut microbiome. However, knowledge of the effects of BBR on gut microbiome communities is currently lacking. Distinguishing indirect effects of BBR on bacteria through altered bile acid profiles is particularly important in understanding how dietary nutraceuticals alter the microbiome. Methods: Germfree mice were colonized with a defined minimal gut bacterial consortium capable of functional bile acid metabolism (Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides uniformis, Parabacteroides distasonis, Bilophila wadsworthia, Clostridium hylemonae, Clostridium hiranonis, Blautia producta; B4PC2). Multi-omics (bile acid metabolomics, 16S rDNA sequencing, cecal metatranscriptomics) were performed in order to provide a simple in vivo model from which to identify network-based correlations between bile acids and bacterial transcripts in the presence and absence of dietary BBR.Results: Significant alterations in network topology and connectivity in function were observed, despite similarity in gut microbial alpha diversity (P = 0.30) and beta-diversity (P = 0.123) between control and BBR treatment. BBR increased cecal bile acid concentrations, (P < 0.05), most notably deoxycholic acid (DCA) (P <0.001). Overall, analysis of transcriptomes and correlation networks indicates both bacterial species-specific responses to BBR, as well as functional commonalities among species, such as up-regulation of Na+/H+ antiporter, cell wall synthesis/repair, carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Bile acid concentrations in the GI tract increased significantly during BBR treatment and developed extensive correlation networks with expressed genes in the B4PC2 community. Conclusions: This work has important implications for interpreting the effects of BBR on structure and function of the complex gut microbiome, which may lead to targeted pharmaceutical interventions aimed to achieve the positive physiological effects previously observed with BBR supplementation.
Early cardiac rehabilitation improved prognosis in patients with heart failure following acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Cai He , Cao Pengyu , Sun Wanqing , Zhang Xinying , Li Rongyu , Shao Wangshu , Wang Lin , Zou Lin , Zheng Yang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been shown to improve exercise intolerance and QoL, and minimize re-hospitalizations in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). However, studies on early CR in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who developed CHF following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are rare. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of early CR on patients with CHF after AMI following PCI.Methods: Two hundred thirty-seven patients who developed heart failure after AMI following PCI were enrolled. Patients were divided into heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) group (n=55) and heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) group (n=182). Of the 237 patients, 78 (22 in HFrEF group and 56 in HFmrEF group) who accepted a two-week CR were further divided into two subgroups based on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Key cardio-pulmonary exercise testing (CPX) variables that may affect the prognosis were identified among the CR patients.Results: Early CR significantly reduced cardiac death in patients with HFrEF (18.2% vs. 60.6%, P=0.02), and reduced re-hospitalization in patients with HFmrEF after AMI (3.6% vs. 21.4%, P=0.02). Serum potassium and CR ratio were independent risk factors for MACE in patients with both HFrEF and HFmrEF after AMI. In the CR group who developed MACE, there were more diabetics (22.2% vs. 66.7%, P=0.035), with higher serum potassium (3.96mmol/l vs. 4.31mmol/l, P=0.043), and lower PETCO2 at ventilatory threshold (VT) (P=0.016). PETCO2 at VT was an independent risk factor for re-hospitalization. The incidence of re-hospitalization was significantly lower when the PETCO2 at VT was greater than 33.5mmHg (0(0.00% vs. 6(13.64%), P=0.03).Conclusions: Early CR reduced the incidence of MACE in patients with heart failure after AMI following PCI. The PETCO2 at VT is an independent risk factor for re-hospitalization, and could be used as a key evaluating hallmark for early CR in patients who developed heart failure after AMI.
Tolvaptan-induced hypernatremia related to low serum potassium level accompanying high blood pressure in patients with acute decompensated heart failure.
Authors: Fukuoka Hidetada , Yachibana Koichi , Shinoda Yukinori , Minamisaka Tomoko , Inui Hirooki , Ueno Keisuke , Inoue Soki , Mine Kentaro , Ueda Kumpei , Hoshida Shiro 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Backgrounds: Tolvaptan significantly increases urine volume in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF); serum sodium level increases due to aquaresis in almost all cases. We aimed to elucidate clinical factors associated with hypernatremia in ADHF patients treated with tolvaptan.Methods: We enrolled 117 ADHF patients treated with tolvaptan in addition to standard therapy. We examined differences in clinical factors at baseline between patients with and without hypernatremia in the initial three days of hospitalization. Results: Systolic (p=0.045) and diastolic (p=0.004) blood pressure, serum sodium level (p=0.002), and negative water balance (p=0.036) were significantly higher and serum potassium level (p=0.026) was significantly lower on admission day in patients with hypernatremia (n=22). In multivariate regression analysis, hypernatremia was associated with low serum potassium level (p=0.034). Among patients with serum potassium level ≤3.8 mEq/L, the cutoff value obtained using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, those with hypernatremia related to tolvaptan treatment showed significantly higher diastolic blood pressure on admission day (p=0.004).Conclusion: In tolvaptan treatment combined with standard therapy in ADHF patients, serum potassium level ≤ 3.8mEq/L may be a determinant factor for hypernatremia development. Among hypokalemic patients, those with higher diastolic blood pressure on admission may be carefully managed to prevent hypernatremia.
LAMP: disease classification derived from layered assessment on modules and pathways in the human gene network
Authors: Mi Zhilong , Guo Binghui , Yang Xiaobo , Yin Ziqiao , Zheng Zhiming 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Classification of diseases based on genetic information is of great significance as the basis for precision medicine, increasing the understanding of disease etiology and revolutionizing personalized medicine. Much effort has been directed at understanding disease associations by constructing disease networks, and classifying patient samples according to gene expression data. Integrating human gene networks overcomes limited coverage of genes. Incorporating pathway information into disease classification procedure addresses the challenge of cellular heterogeneity across patients. Results: In this work, we propose a disease classification model LAMP, which concentrates on the layered assessment on modules and pathways. Directed human gene interactions are the foundation of constructing the human gene network, where the significant roles of disease and pathway genes are recognized. The fast unfolding algorithm identifies 11 modules in the largest connected component. Then layered networks are introduced to distinguish positions of genes in propagating information from sources to targets. After gene screening, hierarchical clustering and refined process, 1726 diseases from KEGG are classified into 18 categories. Also, it is expounded that diseases with overlapping genes may not belong to the same category in LAMP. Within each category, entropy is applied to measure the compositional complexity, and to evaluate the prospects for combination diagnosis and gene-targeted therapy for diseases. Conclusions: In this work, by collecting data from BioGRID and KEGG, we develop a disease classification model LAMP, to support people to view diseases from the perspective of commonalities in etiology and pathology. Comprehensive research on existing diseases can help meet the challenges of unknown diseases. The results provide suggestions for combination diagnosis and gene-targeted therapy, which motivates clinicians and researchers to reposition the understanding of diseases and explore diagnosis and therapy strategies.
Identification of Novel Gene Mutations in Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Using Whole Exome Sequencing in Chinese Population
Authors: Jiang Xin , Chen Dong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS) is a common lumbar disease requiring surgery. Previous studies indicate that genetic mutation may play a part in DLSS. However, there is scarcely specific study regarding the genetic study for DLSS. Whole exome sequencing (WES) is an effective strategy to search for disease-causing genes. To identify probable susceptible genes, we performed a WES in a cohort of 50 patients and 25 controls with DLSS. By bioinformatics analyses, we successfully identified several novel variants including HLA-DRB1, PARK2, ACTR8, AOAH, BCORL1, MKRN2, NRG4, NUP205, etc. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first genetic study of susceptibility genes with DLSS by WES in Chinese patients. In conclusion, our findings revealed that deleterious mutations in these genes may contribute to the development of DLSS.
Calcium-sensitive receptor expression differs between primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Yang Meng , Lu Yao , Zhang Ling , Song Aiping , Zhang Honglei , Pang Bo , Li Xin , Liu Jun , Sun Xiaoliang , Ji Haoyang , Huang Linping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Calcium-sensitive receptor (CASR) plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). The purpose of this study is to examine the protein and gene expression characteristics of CASR in SHPT.Methods: Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were used to detect and compare the expression of CASR protein and genes in SHPT and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) tissues.Results: CASR protein was down-regulated in SHPT and PHPT compared with normal parathyroid tissues (2.42±0.5 vs. 3.2±0.62, P<0.05; 1.8±0.83 vs. 3.2±0.62, P<0.05). Further, SHPT tissue showed higher expression of both CASR protein (2.42±0.5 vs. 1.8±0.83, P<0.05) and CASR gene (0.29±0.23 vs. 0.01±0.12, P<0.05) than PHPT tissue, respectively.Conclusion: The expression of CASR protein and gene in SHPT is higher than that in PHPT. This feature provides a theoretical basis and further ideas for studying the mechanism of CASR down-regulation.
Genetic and clinical phenotypic analysis of familial stapes sclerosis caused by a NOG mutation
Authors: Yu Rong , JIANG HONGQUN , LUO WU GEN 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The noggin protein encoded by the NOG gene can interfere with the binding of bone morphogenetic protein to its receptor, thus affecting bone and joint development. The symptoms include abnormal skeletal development and conductive deafness. Methods: In a retrospective study, clinical data of the proband and her family members, including 8 people and 50 healthy normal controls, were collected. Second-generation sequencing was performed on peripheral blood samples from them. Results: The sequencing analysis indicated that in the proband, the NOG gene had a c.532T>C mutation (cytosine deletion, NM_005450.6:c.532T>C), leading to an amino acid change. The proband's father, grandmother, second sister, and third sister also had this mutation, whereas family members with normal phenotypes did not have the mutation. Conclusion: Analysis of this family showed that the novel presentation of the c.532T>C mutation in the NOG gene resulted in syndrome-type autosomal dominant inheritance reflected in a mild clinical phenotype, which is of great importance for further studies of the clinical phenotype and pathogenesis of stapes sclerosis.
Micelles self-assembled by 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl latycodigenin enhance cell membrane permeability, promote antibiotic pulmonary targeting and improve anti-infective efficacy
Authors: Zhang Man , Ye Lili , Huang Hao , Cheng Dandan , Liu Kaixin , Wu Wenbo , Shen Fukui , Jiang Zhihong , Hou Yuanyuan , Bai Gang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Nanoparticle-based pulmonary drug delivery systems are commonly developed and applied for drug-targeted delivery. They exhibit significant advantages compared to traditional pulmonary drug delivery systems. However, developing the formulation of each drug is a time-consuming and laborious task. Results: In this study, a universal lung-targeting nanoparticle was designed and constructed. The self-assembled micelles were composed of a platycodon secondary saponin, 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl platycodigenin 682 (GP-682), based on its specific amphiphilic structure. The GP-682 micelles exhibited a relatively stable zeta potential with a particle size between 60 and 90 nm, and the critical micelle concentration (CMC) value was approximately 42.3 μg/mL. Preincubation of GP-682 micelles markedly enhanced their cell membrane permeability and improved drug uptake in vitro. The results were visualized using fluorescent dye tracing, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay. The obtained benefits enhanced the distribution of levofloxacin (Lev) in mouse lung tissue and reduced antibiotics overdosing. The acute lung injury mouse model induced by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA 14 strain demonstrated that preinjection of GP-682 micelles before antibiotic administration resulted in a higher survival rate and anti-infective efficacy in vivo. It also caused reductions in pulmonary injury, bacterial invasion and cytokine expression compared with treatment with Lev alone. Conclusions: GP-682 micelles are another nanoparticle-based pulmonary drug delivery system and provide a new lung-targeting therapy option.
Cosmetic and functional results of a newly reconstructed thumb by combining the phalanx of second toe and the great toenail flap transplantation
Authors: Yin Yefeng , Tao Xiaomei , Li Yanzhao , Bao Buhe , Ying Ying , Bao Tuya , Wang Jiangning 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND Microsurgical toe-to-hand transfer is a gold standard when it comes to repairing a thumb defect. Great toenail flap, thumbnail valva flap, free great toe and second toe transplantation are the common methods in thumb reconstruction. Second toe transplantation achieves good function, but poor aesthetics. Great toe transplantation achieves better aesthetics, but hindered walking, due to the foot’s loss of the great toe and moreover suboptimal thumb function. It is difficult to maintain both functional and aesthetic satisfaction in thumb reconstruction.METHODS We experimented with three different methods of toe to hand transfer. From October 2009 to July 2019, 30 patients with traumatic thumb defects received one of 3 different kinds of thumb reconstruction in our clinic according to their level of amputation. Divided evenly into three groups of ten, group one received a great toe transplantation, group two received a second toe transplantation, and group three received a combined great toenail flap and second toe phalanx transplantation. Each of the patients’ thumbs had different levels of amputation at the metatarsophalangeal joint (MPJ) or distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ).RESULTS 1 patient suffered from a partial flap necrosis and received a groin flap to cover the defect. No other thumbs had any complications. The functional and aesthetic results of both the donor and the recipient sites were satisfactory. Results show that, for patients with traumatic thumb defects, the combined transfer of flap and 2nd toe phalanx was the best option.CONCLUSIONS Compared to the great toe or second toe transfer, combined free transfer of the great toenail flap and 2nd toe phalanx achieved a substantially better functional and aesthetic result in the thumb reconstruction.