bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiomics Based on Multiparametric MRI for Extrathyroidal Extension Feature Prediction in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Wei Ran , Wang Hao , Wang Lanyun , Hu Wenjuan , Sun Xilin , Dai Zedong , Zhu Jie , Li Hong , Ge Yaqiong , Song Bin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To determine the predictive capability of MRI-based radiomics for extrathyroidal extension detection in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) pre-surgically.Methods: The present retrospective trial assessed individuals with thyroid nodules examined by multiparametric MRI and subsequently administered thyroid surgery. Diagnosis and extrathyroidal extension (ETE) feature of PTC were based on pathological assessment. The thyroid tumors underwent manual segmentation, for radiomic feature extraction. Participants were randomized to the training and testing cohorts, at a ratio of 7:3. The mRMR (maximum correlation minimum redundancy) algorithm and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were utilized for radiomics feature selection. Then, a radiomics predictive model was generated via a linear combination of the features. The model’s performance in distinguishing the ETE feature of PTC was assessed by analyzing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Totally 132 patients were assessed in this study, including 92 and 40 in the training and test cohorts, respectively). Next, the 16 top-performing features, including 4, 7 and 5 from diffusion weighted (DWI), T2-weighted (T2 WI), and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (CE-T1WI) images, respectively, were finally retained to construct the radiomics signature. There were 8 RLM, 5 CM, 2 shape, and 1 SZM features. The radiomics prediction model achieved AUCs of 0.96 and 0.87 in the training and testing sets, respectively.Conclusions: Our study indicated that MRI radiomics approach had the potential to stratify patients based on ETE in PTCs preoperatively.
Comprehensive Analysis of Coding and Non-coding RNA Transcriptomes Related to Hypoxic Adaptation in Tibetan Chickens
Authors: Zhang Ying , Su Woyu , Zhang Bo , Ling Yao , Kim Woo Kyun , Zhang Hao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Tibetan chickens, a unique native breed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China, have a suite of adaptive features to tolerate the high-altitude hypoxic environment. Increasing evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have roles in the hypoxic adaptation of high-altitude animals, although their exact involvement remains unclear.Results: This study aimed to elucidate the global landscape of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs using transcriptome sequencing in order to construct a regulatory network of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and thus provide insights into the hypoxic adaptation of Tibetan chicken embryos. In total, 354 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 389 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs), and 73 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified between Tibetan (TC) and Chahua chickens (CH). Functional analysis revealed that several important DEMs and their target DELs and DEGs are involved in angiogenesis (including blood vessel development and blood circulation) and energy metabolism (including glucose, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism). The ceRNA network was then constructed with the predicted DEGs-DEMs-DELs interactions, which further revealed the regulatory roles of these differentially expressed RNAs during hypoxic adaptation of Tibetan chickens.Conclusions: These transcriptomic data revealed several key candidate ceRNAs that may play high-priority roles in the hypoxic adaptation of Tibetan chickens by regulating angiogenesis and energy metabolism. These results provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of hypoxic adaptation regulatory networks from the perspective of coding and non-coding RNAs.
Assisted Birth Delivery In Ghana: Evidence From Ghana Demographic And Health Survey 1988 - 2014
Authors: Oteng Kenneth Fosu , Aboagye-Mensah Richard , Dickson Kwamena Sekyi 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Assistance during birth delivery is an essential reproductive care given to women during pregnancy. Even with the best possible antenatal care, any delivery can become a complicated one; therefore, skilled assistance is essential to safe delivery care. Proven health care interventions such as skilled assistance during childbirth can prevent or manage these complications. Methods: The study used secondary data from all the six rounds of the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS). Bivariate, multivariate and binary logistic regression models were applied to examine the association between some background characteristics and assisted birth delivery. Results: The results showed that birth delivery is generally assisted by Nurses/Midwives over the period under review. The proportion of women who were not assisted during delivery declined over the period. Similarly, there was a decline in the percentage of women who were assisted by traditional birth attendants. In addition, it was observed that older women were more likely to be assisted by doctors during delivery as compared with younger women. Women with secondary education were more likely to utilize the services of nurses/midwives during delivery compared with those with no education. Women from the rural areas were more likely to receive delivery assistance from Traditional Birth Attendants compared with those from urban areas. Conclusion: These findings heighten that future successful interventions for skilled birth attendants should prioritise the identified groups who were more likely to utilize the services of TBAs.
SHED Cells Labeled with MIRB can be Tracked in Repairing Periodontal Bone Defects in Rats
Authors: Zhang Nan , Xu Li , Song Hao , Bu Chunqing , Kang Jie , Zhang Chuanchen , Yang Xiaofei , Han Fabin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Chronic periodontitis could lead to alveolar bone resorption and even tooth loss. Stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are the proper seed cells for bone regeneration because of their potential in osteogenic differentiation. However tracking the survival, migration and differentiation of the transplanted stem cells is necessary to improve the transplantation success. Methods: Superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (SPIO) Molday ION Rhodamine-BTM (MIRB) were used for labeling and monitoring SHED cells in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Proper labeling concentration of MIRB was determined by cell viability, proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and MRI analysis in vitro after SHED cells were labeled with MIRB at different concentration of 12.5, 25, 50, 100μgFe/mL. MIRB labeled SHED were transplanted to the periodontal bone defect model in rats and tracked by MRI in vivo. The regeneration of periodontal bone were calculated with HE and immunohistochemical analysis. The survival of transplanted SHED cells in vivo was verified with Prussian blue staining.Results: After testing 25μg Fe/mL MIRB was used in vivo cells tracking. After transplanted to the periodontal bone defect model in rats, the MIRB labeled SHED could be tracked in vivo through the artifact of the low intensity signal caused by Fe3+ at 6 and 9 weeks post-surgery. HE and immunohistochemical analysis showed that both SHED labeled and unlabeled with MIRB could promote regeneration of periodontal bone defect. Prussian blue staining further verified the survival of transplanted SHED cells in vivo. Conclusions: Overall, SHED cells could promote the regeneration of periodontal bone in rats and the survival of SHED cells could be tracked by labeling with MIRB in vivo. However the distribution of the positive cells at the edge of the regenerated new bone remind us the SHED cell could promote the regeneration of new bone by factors section.
Primary High-Grade Serous Carcinoma of Fallopian Tube, an Incidental Intraoperative Finding: A Case Report
Authors: Shokouhi Nasim , Saeedi Sara , Sarmadi Soheila , Moradi Behnaz , Feizabad Elham 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Primary carcinoma of fallopian tube is a rare but deadly gynecologic cancer, In addition, its preoperative diagnosis is strict due to the lack of specific symptoms and signs and in most patients, it is an intraoperative finding.Case presentation: A 55-year-old patient, G3Ab1P2 referred to urogynecology clinic of our hospital with chief complaint about heavy, prolonged menstrual bleeding and a permanently abnormal yellow discharge that could not be distinguished from its urinary or vaginal source.After complete diagnostic work-up, the patient became a candidate for hysterectomy due to the drug (Megestrol Acetate) -resistant abnormal vaginal bleeding, her abnormal vaginal bleeding, positive family history of malignancy, and abnormal vaginal discharge.Laparotomy revealed unusual left fallopian tube feature (Large, bulky, and vegetative feature), suspected to malignancy. Intraoperative frozen-section analysis of the left fallopian tube and ovary specimens detected the mass as a high-grade serous carcinoma of fallopian tube. Total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and partial omentectomy were performed. The definitive histopathological diagnosis was high-grade serous carcinoma of the left fallopian tube stage 2b with omental involvement without any evidence of lymph-vascular invasion.Conclusions: High-grade serous carcinoma of fallopian tube is likely to present nonspecific symptoms, which may cause considerable delay in diagnosis and treatment. This consequently, affects the prognosis and survival of the patient.
Clinical Significance of Weight Changes in Malnutrition After Oesophagectomy for Cancer
Authors: Fan Jun , Liu jinyuan , zhao fei , Lin haoran , Xue Lei , zhen fuxi , Ding mengqi , chen liang , Luo Jinhua 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
PurposeThis aim of study was to evaluate the potential effect of differences in body mass index (BMI) on nutritional status of patients after esophagectomy. METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the association of BMI changes associated with nutritional dysfunction among esophageal cancer patients who received R0 esophagectomy from 2018 to 2019. The odd ratio (ORs) of factors related to more than 15% weight loss compared with the body weight at the discovery of the esophageal cancer and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated via binary logistic regression models after adjusting possible confounders. RESULTSThis study included 145 patients with median age at surgery 59 (interquartile range [IQR] 28–81 years), 44 female (43.6%), and mean BMI 25.1 ± 5.3 Kg/m2 at the onset of the disease. At 1-year follow-up, 33 patients (22.8%) experienced ≥ 15% weight loss: 20 among the 52 patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and 13 among the 93 patients with BMI < 25 kg/m2 at the onset of the disease (P = 0.023). After adjustment for potential confounders, initial overweighting as well as advanced tumour p-stage were independent risk factors for higher risk of 1-year ≥ 15% weight loss (OR 2.07, 95%CI (1.39, 3.08); P=0.041; OR 2.58, 95% CI (1.64, 4.06); P=0.032). CONCLUSIONAssociation exists between overweighting at the onset of the disease and postoperative ≥ 15% weight loss risk in patients with oesophagectomy, highlighting the modulation and control of body weight to reduce the risk of malnutrition following oesophagectomy.
Survival Analysis of Extramammary Paget’s Disease (EMPD) in Taiwan&nbsp;
Authors: Chang Yu-Wei , Ma Hsu , LIAO WEN-CHIEH 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the survival analysis of extramammary Paget’s disease (EMPD) in a Taiwanese population and to provide data for comparison with other studies in various locations and racial populations.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 63 patients with EMPD who were surgically treated from 2002 to 2019 at a single institution. The primary endpoint was the 5-year overall survival rate of EMPD, and the secondary endpoint was recurrence-free 5-year survival. Independent variables included patients’ demographic data, concurrent malignancy (i.e., non-EMPD-related cancers), tumor size, distant metastasis, and surgery and/or radiation.Results: Of all the 63 patients, 8 cases were excluded. A total of 43 patients (78.18%) were male, and 12 were female, with a mean age of 72.67 years (range: 44–89 years).The most common affected anatomic site was the penoscrotal region (22 patients, 40.00%), followed by the perianal and perineal regions (17 patients, 30.91%). Among the 55 patients, 41 patients (74.55%) were diagnosed with at least one underlying disease, whereas the most common underlying disease was cardiovascular disease (30 patients, 54.55%). EMPD with deep dermal invasion was a significant poor prognostic factor of overall survival in multivariate Cox regression (hazard ratio(HR): 5.167, p = 0.0015). The overall survival rate was 80.00% at 36 months and 65.45% at the end of follow up. The patients 75 years old or older had poorer outcome than those younger than 65 years old (HR: 7.676, p = 0.0496). Patients with regional metastasis or distant metastasis had poorer prognosis of 5-year survival (HR: 4.020 and 5.147, p = 0.0320 and 0.0118, respectively). The limitations of this study include its retrospective nature and sample size.Conclusions: In our series, EMPD with metastasis and deep dermal invasion were the signiﬁcant harmful factors in both overall 5-year survival and 5-year recurrence-free survival. The surgical excision is not associated with a low risk of local recurrence or overall survival, and long-term follow up is still needed.
Prognostic Factors and Diseases-Specific Survival Outcome in Patients with Glioblastoma: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Wu Lihua , Song Jianbo , Zhang Junping , Yang Wenhui , Zhang Mengxian , Wei Jing 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the prognostic factors for disease-specific survival (DSS) of glioblastoma (GBM) and establish a corresponding effective nomogram for clinical prediction.Methods This study was based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2004 and 2015. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate the effect of various prognostic factors on DSS. Lasso regression was used to determine the independent prognostic factors of DSS and multivariate cox regression analysis was performed correspondingly. Additional restricted cubic spline cox regression was used to analyze the trend of the risk effect (hazard ratio) of continuous variables on DSS. Based on the multivariate cox regression model, a nomogram was established to predict DSS. ResultsThe average age at diagnosis of all enrolled patients was 59.8±12.2 years, of which 40.5% were women and 59.5% were men. Lasso regression analysis showed that age at diagnosis, sex, marital status, race, tumor size, primary site, laterality, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, radiotherapy sequence with surgery, and year of diagnosis were independent prognostic factors for DSS. Multivariate cox regression analysis showed that elderly, males, unmarried status, larger tumors were all risk factors for DSS. Restricted cubic spline cox regression showed that the risk of death from GBM was significantly increased for the elderly, especially older than 75 years. When the tumor was smaller than 75mm, an increasing risk linearly was associated with DSS, but the risk effect remained constant after 75mm. Constructing the nomogram to predict the DSS probability of 1-, 3- and 5-year respectively, and its good predictive performance was proved by the calibration curve.ConclusionThe advanced age was one of the significant risk factors for GBM. How the change of tumor size affected DSS needed further study and discussion. The established nomogram was robust in predicting 1-, 3-, and 5- year DSS.
Diagnostic Value of MRI for Detecting Recurrent Soft-Tissue Sarcoma in a Long-Term Analysis at a Multidisciplinary Sarcoma Center
Authors: Sedaghat Sam , Sedaghat Maya , Meschede Jens , Jansen Olav , Both Marcus 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: To assess the long-term diagnostic accuracy of MRI for detecting recurrent soft-tissue sarcoma at a multidisciplinary sarcoma center.Methods: In all, 1055 postoperative follow-up MRIs of 204 patients were included in the study. MRI follow-up scans were systematically reviewed for true-positive/-negative and false-positive/-negative results in detecting recurrent tumor. Available pathological reports and follow-up MRIs were set as reference. Results: The median age of the patients was 55.3±18.2 years. Of the patients, 34.8% presented with recurrences. Here, 65 follow-up scans were true positive, 23 false positive, 6 false negative, and 961 true negative. The overall sensitivity and specificity of MRI for detecting recurrences were 92% and 98%, respectively, with an accuracy of 97%. For intramuscular lesions and after surgery alone the sensitivity was higher (95% and 97%) than for subcutaneous lesions and surgery with additional radiation therapy (83% and 86%, respectively), at similarly high specificities (96-98%). The 6 false-negative results were found in streaky (n=2) and small ovoid/nodular (n=4) recurring lesions. The false-positive lesions imitated streaky (n=14), ovoid/nodular (n=8), and polycyclic/multilobulated recurring tumors (n=1). All false-positive results were found in patients in whom the primary tumors were polycyclic/multilobulated in appearance.Conclusion: MRI shows a high diagnostic accuracy for detecting recurrent STS, with a high sensitivity and specificity. The diagnostic accuracy decreases in subcutaneous lesions and after surgery with radiation therapy, compared to intramuscular lesions and surgery alone. Radiologists should pay particular attention to streaky and small ovoid/nodular recurring lesions and patients with polycyclic/multilobulated primary tumors.
Early Experience of Ramucirumab Therapy in Japanese Patients With Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Real-World Practice
Authors: Hayakawa Yuka , Tsuchiya Kaoru , Kurosaki Masayuki , Yasui Yutaka , Kaneko Shun , Inada Kento , Kirino Sakura , Yamashita Koji , Osawa Leona , Sekiguchi Shuhei , Higuchi Mayu , Takaura Kenta , Maeyashiki Chiaki , Tamaki Nobuharu , Nakanishi Hiroyuki , Itakura Jun , Takahashi Yuka , Takahashi Daiei , Asahina Yasuhiro , Okamoto Ryuichi , Izumi Namiki 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWe aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of ramucirumab therapy in Japanese patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (u-HCC) in real-world practice.MethodsA total of 16 patients with u-HCC were treated with ramucirumab of ≥2 cycles between July 2019 and April 2020. Modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) and RECIST version 1.1 were used to evaluate radiological responses.ResultsThe patients received ramucirumab as second-line (n = 4), third-line (n = 2), and fourth-line (n = 10). Median observation period was 3.7 months and 3 patients treated as fourth-line died from HCC progression. According to modified RECIST, the objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 27.2% and 81.8%, respectively. ORR and DCR by RECIST version 1.1 were 9.1 % and 72.7%, respectively. PFS at 3 months was 68.2%. Drug discontinuation caused by adverse events (AEs) was reported in 7 patients treated as fourth-line and 1 patient as third-line. Pretreatment creatinine (Cr) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were significantly higher in patients with discontinuation owing to AEs (P = 0.01 and P = 0.02). Urine protein-to-creatine ratio after 4 weeks was significantly higher in patients with impaired renal function than patients with preserved renal function (0.93 vs. 0.14; P = 0.017).ConclusionRamucirumab therapy was found to have similar radiological responses between u-HCC patients with single and multiple experiences of TKI therapies. The pretreatment factors would be associated with the incidence of AEs during the therapy.
Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy with 177Lu-DOTATATE in Advanced Neuroendocrine Tumours (NETs) in a Limited Resource Environment
Authors: Kalantarhormozi Mohammadreza , Hassanzadeh Samaneh , Rekabpour Seyed Javad , Ravanbod Mohammad Reza , Jafari Esmail , Amini AbdulLatif , Dadgar Habibollah , Mahmoudppour Mehdi , Nabipour Iraj , Jokar Narges , Assadi Majid 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWe decided to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with 177-DOTATATE in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).MethodsSixteen patients with pathologically verified NETs including eight females and eight males were enrolled in this study. Before PRRT for evaluation of somatostatin receptor expressing, the patients underwent 68Ga-DOTATATE PET-CT or 99mTc-octreotide scintigraphy. The treatment response was assessed according to the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) which was classified into complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD). In addition, for evaluation of toxicity, monthly blood analysis was performed including hematology, renal function (creatinine), liver status. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status performance was applied for estimating the patients’ general condition including 0 (fully active) to 5 (dead). In addition, overall survival (OS) was calculated as the time interval between start of PRRT to death from any reason.ResultsSixteen patients including eight females and eight males with median age of 60.5 years old with range of 24-74 were enrolled in this study. The patients underwent PRRT with median cycles of 3.5 with range of 1-7 and median dose of 20.35 with range of 7.4 to 49.95 GBq. At the end of data collection, 11/16 patients had PR, 2/16 showed CR, 1/16 showed SD and 2/16 showed PD according to the RECIST. 3 patients were expired during and after the PRRT period time. Before PRRT, the medians of ECOG and KPS were 1.5 and 75 which after treatment were, significantly, improved to 1 and 80, respectively (p<0.05). According to the Kaplan-Meier test, the median of OS was obtained 23 months (95%CI:7.90-38.09). According to the CTCAE, 3 patients showed grade I and 3 other showed grade II leucopenia. Furthermore, 3 and 7 patients had grade II and grade I anemia, respectively.ConclusionIt can be concluded that, since PRRT with 177Lu-DOTATATE in NETs has favorable response rate, few adverse effects and leads to improvement in QOL, it can be used as an effective therapeutic option specially in nonoperative, metastatic and progressive NETs.