bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EndOxy: Mid‐term stability and shear stress resistance of endothelial cells on PDMS gas exchange membranes
Authors: Hellmann Ariane , Klein Sarah , Hesselmann Felix , Djeljadini Suzana , Schmitz‐Rode Thomas , Jockenhoevel Stefan , Cornelissen Christian G. , Thiebes Anja Lena 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEndothelialized oxygenator devices (EndOxy) with a physiological, nonthrombogenic, and anti‐inflammatory surface offer the potential to overcome current shortcomings of conventional extracorporeal membrane oxygenation such as complications like thromboembolism and bleeding that deteriorate adequate long‐term hemocompatibility. The approach of endothelialization of gas exchange membranes, and thus the formation of a nonthrombogenic and anti‐inflammatory surface, is promising. In this study, we investigated the mid‐term shear stress resistance as well as gas transfer rates and cell densities of endothelial cells seeded on RGD‐conjugated polydimethylsiloxane (RGD‐PDMS) gas exchange membranes under dynamic conditions. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were seeded on RGD‐PDMS and exposed to defined shear stresses in a microfluidic bioreactor. Endothelial cell morphology was assessed by bright field microscopy and immunocytochemistry. Furthermore, gas transfer measurement of blank, RGD‐conjugated, and endothelialized PDMS oxygenator membranes was performed. RGD‐PDMS gas exchange membranes proved suitable for the dynamic culture of endothelial cells for up to 21 days at a wall shear stress of 2.9 dyn/cm2. Furthermore, the cells resisted increased wall shear stresses up to 8.6 dyn/cm2 after a previous dynamic preculture of each one hour at 2.9 dyn/cm2 and 5.7 dyn/cm2. Also, after a longer dynamic preculture of three days at 2.9 dyn/cm2 and one hour at 5.7 dyn/cm2, increased wall shear stresses of 8.6 dyn/cm2 were tolerated by the cells and cell integrity could be remained. Gas transfer (GT) tests revealed that neither RGD conjugation nor endothelialization of RGD‐PDMS significantly decrease the gas transfer rates of the membranes during short‐term trials. Gas transfer rates are stable for at least 72 hours of dynamic cultivation of endothelial cells. Immunocytochemistry showed that the cell layer stained positive for typical endothelial cell markers CD31 and von Willebrand factor (VWF) after all trials. Cell density of EC on RGD‐PDMS increased between 3 and 21 days of dynamic culture. In this study, we show the suitability of RGD‐PDMS membranes for flow resistant endothelialization of gas‐permeable membranes, demonstrating the feasibility of this approach for a biohybrid lung.
Safety and efficacy of laparoscopy‐assisted percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in infants and small children weighing less than 10 kg: A comparison with larger patients
Authors: Zenitani Masahiro , Nose Satoko , Sasaki Takashi , Oue Takaharu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionLaparoscopy‐assisted percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (LAPEG) can reduce the risk of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy‐related complications, such as intra‐abdominal organ injury, and determine the optimal position for placement of the gastrostomy tube. We first employed LAPEG 10 years ago but limited its application to elderly patients. Indications for LAPEG have now expanded to small children. This retrospective study aimed to determine the feasibility of LAPEG in children weighing <10 kg.MethodsOur LAPEG procedure for small children involves three essential techniques: gastric insufflation with CO2 to prevent intestinal dilation, a T‐fastener device to overcome the difficulties of gastropexy, and primary placement of a button gastrostomy to create less torque than tube gastrostomy at the insertion site and to prevent early tube dislodgement. The medical records of 48 patients with physical and mental disabilities who underwent LAPEG between 2010 and 2018 were evaluated. The outcomes of LAPEG in patients weighing <10 kg (group A, n=11) and ≥10 kg (group B, n=37) were compared.ResultsThe LAPEG procedure was completed in all cases without intraoperative complications or open conversion. The median bodyweight of group A was 6.3 kg (range, 3.6‐8.2 kg). None of the patients in group A developed postoperative complications such as stomal infection or dislodgement. The operative time was significantly shorter in group A than in group B (P < .05).ConclusionBy improving surgical techniques for small children, our LAPEG procedure might be feasible and safe for treating children weighing <10 kg, including those weighing as little as 3.6 kg.
Learning design and learning analytics in mobile and ubiquitous learning: A systematic review
Authors: Pishtari Gerti , Rodríguez‐Triana María J. , Sarmiento‐Márquez Edna M. , Pérez‐Sanagustín Mar , Ruiz‐Calleja Adolfo , Santos Patricia , P. Prieto Luis , Serrano-Iglesias Sergio , Väljataga Terje 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMobile and Ubiquitous Learning (m/u‐learning) are finding an increasing adoption in education. They are often distinguished by hybrid learning environments that encompass elements of formal and informal learning, in activities that happen in distributed settings (indoors and outdoors), across physical and virtual spaces. Despite their purported benefits, these environments imply additional complexity in the design, monitoring and evaluation of learning activities. The research literature on learning design (LD) and learning analytics (LA) has started to deal with these issues. This paper presents a systematic literature review of LD and LA, in m/u‐learning. Apart from providing an overview of the current research in the field, this review elicits elements of common ground between both communities, as shown by the similar learning contexts and complementary research contributions, and based on the research gaps, proposes to: address m/u‐learning beyond higher education settings, reinforce the connection between physical and virtual learning spaces, and more systematically align LD and LA processes.
Post‐orogenic sediment drape in the Northern Pyrenees explained using a box model
Authors: Bernard Thomas , Sinclair Hugh D. , Naylor Mark , Christophoul Frédéric , Ford Mary 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe transition to a post‐orogenic state in mountain ranges has been identified by a change from active subsidence to isostatic rebound of the foreland basin. However, the nature of the interplay between isostatic rebound and sediment supply, and their impact on the topographic evolution of a range and foreland basin during this transition, has not been fully investigated. Here, we use a box model to explore the syn‐ to post‐orogenic evolution of foreland basin/thrust wedge systems. Using a set of parameter values that approximate the northern Pyrenees and the neighbouring Aquitaine foreland basin, we evaluate the controls on sediment drape over the frontal parts of the retro‐wedge following cessation of crustal thickening. Conglomerates preserved at approximately 600‐m elevation, which is ~ 300 m above the present mountain front in the northern Pyrenees are ca. 12 Ma, approximately 10 Myrs younger than the last evidence of crustal thickening in the wedge. Using the model, this post‐orogenic sediment drape is explained by the combination of a sustained, high sediment influx from the range into the basin relative to the efflux out of the basin, combined with cessation of the generation of accommodation space through basin subsidence. Post‐orogenic sediment drape is considered a generic process that is likely to be responsible for elevated low‐gradient surfaces and preserved remnants of continental sedimentation draping the outer margins of the northern Pyrenean thrust wedge.
Antitumour properties based on the self‐assembly of camptothecin and carbamoylmannose conjugates
Authors: Wang Jia‐Li , Wang Kai‐Xin , Han Tian‐Lei , Li Jin‐Mei , He Xu , Rong Rui‐Xue , Cao Zhi‐Ran , Li Xiao‐Liu , Wang Ke‐Rang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCamptothecin (CPT) and its analogues show potent antitumour activity. However, poor water solubility and severe side effects have restricted their applications in clinical practice. In this paper, a novel self‐assembly based on camptothecin and carbamoylmannose conjugates (CPT‐Man) was constructed. The self‐assembly increased the water solubility of camptothecin to 0.64 mg/ml and antitumour activity. Moreover, CPT‐Man could induce obvious cancer cell apoptosis. This work provides a new approach for exploring carbohydrate‐modified antitumour properties by self‐assembled CPT drugs.
Ultrasound systems for risk stratification of thyroid nodules prompt inappropriate biopsy in autonomously functioning thyroid nodules
Authors: Castellana Marco , Virili Camilla , Paone Gaetano , Scappaticcio Lorenzo , Piccardo Arnoldo , Giovanella Luca , Trimboli Pierpaolo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveUltrasound (US) risk stratification systems (RSSs) have been developed to reduce the number of unnecessary fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies in patients with thyroid nodules. Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTN) account for 5%‐10% of palpable lesions and are very rarely malignant. The present study was undertaken to investigate how RSSs classify AFTNs and whether RSSs are able to avoid unnecessary FNA biopsies in such cases.MethodsPatients with AFTN who had undergone US, scintigraphy and thyroid function evaluation from December 2016 to December 2017 were selected. US images were retrospectively reviewed and AFTN reclassified according to AACE/ACE/AME, ACR‐TIRADS, ATA, BTA, EU‐TIRADS, K‐TIRADS and TIRADS. Risk class and indication for FNA were assessed.ResultsA number of 87 AFTNs from 85 consecutive patients were enrolled. A median diameter of 22 mm (range 10‐59) was found, with an ovoid isoechoic nodule being the most frequent US presentation. When AFTNs were reclassified according to US RSSs, the most common categories were low and intermediate risk. AFTNs were assessed as being at high risk/high suspicion/malignant in 1%‐9%, with good agreement among AACE/ACE/AME, ATA, EU‐TIRADS, K‐TIRADS and TIRADS. Remarkably, FNA was indicated in 27%‐90% of AFTNs. A statistically significant difference among the systems was found; 8% of cases were nonclassifiable by one or more US RSS.ConclusionsUltrasound RSSs prompt inappropriate FNA in a significant number of patients with AFTN.
RGS16 promotes glioma progression and serves as a prognostic factor
Authors: Huang Ruoyu , Li Guanzhang , Zhao Zheng , Zeng Fan , Zhang Kenan , Liu Yanwei , Wang Kuanyu , Hu Huimin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundRGS protein family members have recently became new potentially promising therapeutic targets in many cancers. However, as a key member of RGS family, RGS16 has seldom been studied in glioma. The present study was designed to investigate the prognostic value and biological function of RGS16 based on large‐scale databases and functional assays in vitro.MethodsHere, we performed comprehensive analysis for the expression characteristic of RGS16 in Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) microarray database with 301 patients and validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) microarray and RNA sequencing database. Student's t‐test, one‐way ANOVA test and long‐rank test were used to assess differences between groups. Kaplan‐Meier survival, univariate and multivariate Cox analysis and ROC curve were used to estimate the survival distributions. Biological implication of abnormal expression of RGS16 in glioma was also explored. Functional analysis of RGS16 was performed in several glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines. R language and SPSS were used for statistical analysis and graphical work.ResultsWe found that the expression of RGS16 was positively related to the grade of glioma. High level of RGS16 commonly gathered in glioma of mesenchymal subtype and wild‐type IDH1. Moreover, higher expression level of RGS16 was found to be significantly correlated with poor prognosis. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis and ROC curve showed that RGS16 was an independent prognostic factor for glioma patients. Gene ontology analysis, gene set enrichment analysis, and gene set variation analysis suggested that the overexpression of RGS16 tightly related to cell proliferation, migration, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), immune and inflammatory response of glioma. Knockdown of RGS16 in glioma cell lines also showed that RGS16 promoted the malignant progress of glioma cell lines.ConclusionsRGS16 plays an important role in glioma progression and serves as an independent prognostic factor, especially in GBM patients.
AT1‐R is involved in the development of long‐lasting, region‐dependent and oxidative stress‐independent astrocyte morphological alterations induced by Ketamine
Authors: Occhieppo Victoria B. , Basmadjian Osvaldo M. , Marchese Natalia A. , Silvero C M. Jazmin , Rodríguez Anahí , Armonelli Samanta , Becerra María C. , Baiardi Gustavo , Bregonzio Claudia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAstrocytes play an essential role in the genesis, maturation and regulation of the neurovascular unit. Multiple evidence support that astrocyte reactivity has a close relationship to neurovascular unit dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation, providing a suitable scenario for the development of mental disorders. Ketamine has been proposed as a single‐use antidepressant treatment in major depression, and its antidepressant effects have been associated with anti‐inflammatory properties. However, Ketamine long‐lasting effects over the neurovascular unit components remain unclear. Angiotensin II AT1 receptor (AT1‐R) blockers have anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. The present work aims to distinguish the acute and long‐term Ketamine effects over astrocytes response extended to other neurovascular unit components, and the involvement of AT1‐R, in prefrontal cortex and ventral tegmental area. Male Wistar rats were administered with AT1‐R antagonist Candesartan/Vehicle (days 1–10) and Ketamine/Saline (days 6–10). After 14 days drug‐free, at basal conditions or after Ketamine Challenge, the brains were processed for oxidative stress analysis, cresyl violet staining and immunohistochemistry for glial, neuronal activation and vascular markers. Repeated Ketamine administration induced long‐lasting region‐dependent astrocyte reactivity and morphological alterations, and neuroadaptative changes observed as exacerbated oxidative stress and neuronal activation, prevented by the AT1‐R blockade. Ketamine Challenge decreased microglial and astrocyte reactivity and augmented cellular apoptosis, independently of previous treatment. Overall, AT1‐R is involved in the development of neuroadaptative changes induced by repeated Ketamine administration but does not interfere with the acute effects supporting the potential use of AT1‐R blockers as a Ketamine complementary therapy in mental disorders.
Phenomenology and the stratification of reality
Authors: Kinkaid James 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPhenomenologists have no taste for desert landscapes. The early phenomenologists—Edmund Husserl, Max Scheler, and Roman Ingarden—adopt stratified views of reality on which spiritual objects like artifacts and persons are distinct from their underlying matter. Call this view “pluralism.” After describing Scheler, Ingarden, and Husserl's pluralism about goods, literary artworks, and images, respectively, I reconstruct a phenomenological case for pluralism from Husserl's work and defend it against an objection. The phenomenological method reveals a special subset of objects' essential properties: modes of givenness. On Husserl's view, there are necessary correlations between types of objects and the types of intentional acts through which they are given. Spiritual objects, unlike their matter, can only be given in acts belonging to the “personalistic attitude,” which has a motivational and expressive structure. My broader claim is that Husserl's phenomenology is a sophisticated metametaphysical view about the methodology of first‐order metaphysical inquiry.
Partial aneurysmectomy and autologous patch venoplasty in a horse diagnosed with pseudoaneurysm of the jugular vein
Authors: De Clercq E. , Martens A. , Matthys H. , Wiemer P. , Ugahary F. , van Loon G. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryExperience with vascular pathology and vascular surgery, especially with the use of grafts, is limited in horses. Only one case of a venous aneurysm has been described in the horse, but without successful surgical correction. This case report describes the treatment of a 3‐year‐old female pony presented with an intermittent localised swelling of the left jugular vein after a previous thrombophlebitis. Ultrasonographic examination revealed a large jugular vein pseudoaneurysm. Treatment consisted of a partial aneurysmectomy preserving the healthy medial wall of the jugular vein. An autologous saphenous vein patch technique was used to reconstruct the vein with the largest possible lumen to minimise thrombus formation. Anticoagulants, antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory drugs were administered pre‐ and post‐operatively. Follow‐up ultrasound examinations initially showed local narrowing of the graft. At 2 and 8 months post‐operatively, no external deformation of the jugular vein was visible and ultrasonography revealed patent blood flow with only a slight difference in lumen diameter. The patch venoplasty proved a viable surgical technique for jugular vein reconstruction resulting in a sufficient lumen, no thrombus formation and a good cosmetic and functional outcome.
Early vigour in wheat: Could it lead to more severe terminal drought stress under elevated atmospheric [CO2] and semi‐arid conditions?
Authors: Bourgault Maryse , Webber Heidi A. , Chenu Karine , O’Leary Garry J. , Gaiser Thomas , Siebert Stefan , Dreccer Fernanda , Huth Neil , Fitzgerald Glenn J. , Tausz Michael , Ewert Frank 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEarly vigour in wheat is a trait that has received attention for its benefits reducing evaporation from the soil surface early in the season. However, with the growth enhancement common to crops grown under elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (e[CO2]), there is a risk that too much early growth might deplete soil water and lead to more severe terminal drought stress in environments where production relies on stored soil water content. If this is the case, the incorporation of such a trait in wheat breeding programmes might have unintended negative consequences in the future, especially in dry years. We used selected data from cultivars with proven expression of high and low early vigour from the Australian Grains Free Air CO2 Enrichment (AGFACE) facility, and complemented this analysis with simulation results from two crop growth models which differ in the modelling of leaf area development and crop water use. Grain yield responses to e[CO2] were lower in the high early vigour group compared to the low early vigour group, and although these differences were not significant, they were corroborated by simulation model results. However, the simulated lower response with high early vigour lines was not caused by an earlier or greater depletion of soil water under e[CO2] and the mechanisms responsible appear to be related to an earlier saturation of the radiation intercepted. Whether this is the case in the field needs to be further investigated. In addition, there was some evidence that the timing of the drought stress during crop growth influenced the effect of e[CO2] regardless of the early vigour trait. There is a need for FACE investigations of the value of traits for drought adaptation to be conducted under more severe drought conditions and variable timing of drought stress, a risky but necessary endeavour.
Digital Therapeutic Self‐Management Intervention in Adolescents With Migraine: Feasibility and Preliminary Efficacy of “Migraine Manager”
Authors: Hommel Kevin A. , Carmody Julia , Hershey Andrew D. , Holbein Christina , Kabbouche‐Samaha Marielle , Peugh James , Powers Scott 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to design, code, and pilot test the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a self‐management digital therapeutic tool for adolescents with migraine.BackgroundSelf‐management of migraine in adolescents is complex and has important implications for health outcomes. A comprehensive and accessible approach to self‐management is needed for youth with migraine, their parents, and clinicians.MethodsAn iterative co‐design process was used to develop and optimize the Migraine Manager's digital therapeutic self‐management tool. Subsequently, 40 adolescents, age 11‐18 years, were enrolled in an 8‐week single‐arm open label trial (N = 36 analyzed). The primary outcome was headache days.ResultsUsage data for Migraine Manager were similar to other health app usage data and feedback from participants was uniformly positive, indicating acceptable feasibility. Preliminary efficacy was demonstrated by a reduction in headache days from 17.2 ± 8.5 at baseline to 7.9 ± 7.2 at 8 weeks (95% CI, −13.0 to −7.8;P < .001). There was also statistically significant improvement in patient physical functioning quality of life reported by both patients (baseline = 55.7 ± 20.4; 8 weeks = 69.7 ± 21.9,P = .005) and parents (baseline = 58.5 ± 22.8; 8 weeks = 74.3 ± 18.1,P = .002), and in parent‐reported ingestion issues subscale of the adherence barriers scale from baseline to 8 weeks (baseline = 6.0 ± 2.6; 8 weeks = 5.2 ± 3.0,P = .020).ConclusionsA self‐management digital therapeutic tool for adolescents with migraine can offer care to patients who might not otherwise receive such services. Migraine Manager demonstrated the feasibility and preliminary efficacy in this pilot trial, highlighting the potential beneficial impact of this tool. Larger controlled trials with long‐term follow‐up are needed to definitively determine the clinical efficacy of Migraine Manager.
Children's rights as law in Sweden–every health‐care encounter needs to meet the child's needs
Authors: Sahlberg Sofia , Karlsson Katarina , Darcy Laura 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn 2020, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) became law in Sweden. This puts extra demands on Swedish health care for children in need. This study aimed to investigate children's experiences and paediatric nurses' experiences of caring in accordance with the UNCRC.MethodsInterviews were conducted in 2019 with 10 children and 13 nurses at a paediatric clinic in western Sweden. Child and nurse data were analysed separately with qualitative content analysis. The results are presented as a synthesis of the combined analysis of both data sets.ResultsChildren did not always meet health‐care professionals with the necessary competence to care for them, and they were not always cared for in a child‐friendly environment. Even though nurses in paediatric care had the competence necessary to meet children's rights in health care, organizational issues made it challenging. Providing health care in accordance with the UNCRC principles required time and competence. Sufficient time to help children participate in their care and ensure that they feel secure was considered necessary—regardless of the health‐care context.ConclusionHealth‐care encounters without the necessary time or competence can affect children and future encounters negatively. Instruments to safeguard children's rights in health care need to be developed and implemented, such as a documentation system to make children's rights visible and/or UNCRC certification. Implementation of UNCRC principles in all health‐care situations for children as standardized care requires competence, involvement, strong leadership and economic support. Children's voices in research can assist in guiding care.