bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Labrador Sea Water Transport Across the Charlie‐Gibbs Fracture Zone
Authors: Gonçalves Neto Afonso , Palter Jaime B. , Bower Amy , Furey Heather , Xu Xiaobiao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLabrador Sea Water (LSW) is a major component of the deep limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, yet LSW transport pathways and their variability lack a complete description. A portion of the LSW exported from the subpolar gyre is advected eastward along the North Atlantic Current and must contend with the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge before reaching the eastern basins of the North Atlantic. Here, we analyze observations from a mooring array and satellite altimetry, together with outputs from a hindcast ocean model simulation, to estimate the mean transport of LSW across the Charlie‐Gibbs Fracture Zone (CGFZ), a primary gateway for the eastward transport of the water mass. The LSW transport estimated from the 25‐year altimetry record is 5.3 ± 2.9 Sv, where the error represents the combination of observational variability and the uncertainty in the projection of the surface velocities to the LSW layer. Current velocities modulate the interannual to higher‐frequency variability of the LSW transport at the CGFZ, while the LSW thickness becomes important on longer time scales. The modeled mean LSW transport for 1993–2012 is higher than the estimate from altimetry, at 8.2 ± 4.1 Sv. The modeled LSW thickness decreases substantially at the CGFZ between 1996 and 2009, consistent with an observed decline in LSW volume in the Labrador Sea after 1994. We suggest that satellite altimetry and continuous hydrographic measurements in the central Labrador Sea, supplemented by profiles from Argo floats, could be sufficient to quantify the LSW transport at the CGFZ.
Twenty years of precipitable water vapor measurements in the Chajnantor area
Authors: Cortés F. , Cortés K. , Reeves R. , Bustos R. , Radford S. 
Published: July 2020

Context. Interest in the use of the Chajnantor area for millimeter and submillimeter astronomy is increasing because of its excellent atmospheric conditions. Knowing the general site annual variability in precipitable water vapor (PWV) can contribute to the planning of new observatories in the area.
Aims. We seek to create a 20-year atmospheric database (1997−2017) for the Chajnantor area in northern Chile using a single common physical unit, PWV. We plan to extract weather relations between the Chajnantor Plateau and the summit of Cerro Chajnantor to evaluate potential sensitivity improvements for telescopes fielded in the higher site. We aim to validate the use of submillimeter tippers to be used at other sites and use the PWV database to detect a potential signature for local climate change over 20 years.
Methods. We revised our method to convert from submillimeter tipper opacity to PWV. We now include the ground temperature as an input parameter to the conversion scheme and, therefore, achieve a higher conversion accuracy.
Reults. We found a decrease in the measured PWV at the summit of Cerro Chajnantor with respect to the plateau of 28%. In addition, we found a PWV difference of 1.9% with only 27 m of altitude difference between two sites in the Chajnantor Plateau: the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment and the Cosmic Background Imager near the Atacama Large Millimeter Array center. This difference is possibly due to local topographic conditions that favor the discrepancy in PWV. The scale height for the plateau was extracted from the measurements of the plateau and the Cerro Chajnantor summit, giving a value of 1537 m. Considering the results obtained in this work from the long-term study, we do not see evidence of PWV trends in the 20-year period of the analysis that would suggest climate change in such a timescale.
The First Billion Years project: Finding infant globular clusters at z = 6
Authors: Phipps Frederika , Khochfar Sadegh , Lisa Varri Anna , Dalla Vecchia Claudio 
Published: July 2020

Aims. We aim to conduct an assessment of the demographics of substructures in cosmological simulations to identify low-mass stellar systems at high redshift, with a particular focus on globular cluster (GC) candidates.
Methods. We explored a suite of high-resolution cosmological simulations from the First Billion Years Project (FiBY) at z ≥ 6. All substructures within the simulations have been identified with the SUBFIND algorithm. From our analysis, two distinct groups of objects emerge. We hypothesise that the substructures in the first group, which appear to have a high baryon fraction (fb ≥ 0.95), are possible infant GC candidates. Objects belonging to the second group have a high stellar fraction (f* ≥ 0.95) and show a potential resemblance to infant ultra-faint dwarf galaxies.
Results. The high baryon fraction objects identified in this study are characterised by a stellar content similar to the one observed in present-day GCs, but they still contain a high gas fraction (fgas ∼ 0.95) and a relatively low amount of dark matter. They are compact systems, with densities higher than the average population of FiBY systems at the same stellar mass. Their sizes are consistent with recent estimates based on the first observations of possible proto-GCs at high redshifts. These types of infant GC candidates appear to be more massive and more abundant in massive host galaxies, indicating that the assembly of galaxies via mergers may play an important role in building several GC-host scaling relations. Specifically, we express the relation between the mass of the most massive infant GC and its host stellar mass as log(Mcl) = (0.31 ± 0.15) log (M*, gal + (4.17 ± 1.06). We also report a new relation between the most massive infant GC and the parent specific star formation rate of the form log(Mcl) = (0.85 ± 0.30) log (sSFR)+α that describes the data at both low and high redshift. Finally, we assess the present-day GC mass (GC number) – halo mass relation offers a satisfactory description of the behaviour of our infant GC candidates at high redshift, suggesting that such a relation may be set at formation.
Role of Chest Radiographs during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bhalla Ashu Seith , Jana Manisha , Naranje Priyanka , Manchanda Smita 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAcross the globe, computed tomography is the most widely used imaging modality mentioned in the published literature on the recent COVID-19 pandemic. However, in terms of availability, ease of use, and sanitization of the equipment; chest radiograph is a much more feasible option. However, interpretation of radiographs needs expertise to achieve appropriate diagnostic accuracy. This article will discuss its current role in diagnosis and severity assessment, as well as a systematic approach toward interpretation.
Association of Comorbidities with Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Review
Authors: Mitra Prasenjit , Suri Smriti , Goyal Taru , Misra Radhieka , Singh Kuldeep , Garg M. K. , Misra Sanjeev , Sharma Praveen ,   Abhilasha
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic started with few cases of pneumonia of unknown origin in Wuhan, China. It has now become one of the significant public health emergencies of all time. Within 5 months of its existence, it has led to a significant impact on national and international policies. Apart from being a medical emergency, it is also affecting the global economy, and without proper measures, it may have severely impact the socioeconomic statuses of individuals. It has profoundly challenged the healthcare infrastructure, particularly in low- and middle-income nations. Every nation is trying to safeguard its population and the health workers as adequately as possible. While we still wait for the development of an absolute cure in the form of a vaccine, preventive measures have taken the lead in reducing the disease spread and breaking the chain of transmission. The knowledge gained from the clinical characteristics of patients has suggested markers or comorbid conditions that may aid in the risk assessment. This narrative review aims to provide an update on SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus of COVID-19, its pathogenesis, the clinical and laboratory features, and its association with several comorbid conditions that may influence the prognosis of this disease.
Person vs. locative agreement
Authors: Kwok Lily , Berk Stephanie , Lillo-Martin Diane 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSign languages are frequently described as having three verb classes. One, ‘agreeing’ verbs, indicates the person/number of its subject and object by modification of the beginning and ending locations of the verb. The second, ‘spatial’ verbs, makes a similar appearing modification of verb movement to represent the source and goal locations of the theme of a verb of motion. The third class, ‘plain’ verbs, is characterized as having neither of these types of modulations. A number of researchers have proposed accounts that collapse all of these types, or the person-agreeing and spatial verbs. Here we present evidence from late learners of American Sign Language and from the emergence of new sign languages that person agreement and locative agreement have a different status in these conditions, and we claim their analysis should be kept distinct, at least in certain ways.
Lexical iconicity is differentially favored under transmission in a new sign language
Authors: Pyers Jennie , Senghas Ann 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Observations that iconicity diminishes over time in sign languages (Frishberg
1975) pose a puzzle: Why should something so evidently useful and functional decrease? Using an archival dataset of
signs elicited over 15 years from 4 first-cohort and 4 third-cohort signers of an emerging sign language (Nicaraguan Sign
Language), we investigated changes in pantomimic (body-to-body) and perceptual (body-to-object) iconicity. We make three key
observations: (1) there is greater variability in the signs produced by the first cohort compared to the third; (2) while both
types of iconicity are evident, pantomimic iconicity is more prevalent than perceptual iconicity for both groups; and (3) across
cohorts, pantomimic elements are dropped to a greater proportion than perceptual elements. The higher rate of pantomimic iconicity
in the first-cohort lexicon reflects the usefulness of body-as-body mapping in language creation. Yet, its greater vulnerability
to change over transmission suggests that it is less favored by children’s language acquisition processes.
Cross-linguistic metaphor priming in ASL-English bilinguals
Authors: Schaller Franziska , Lee Brittany , Sehyr Zed Sevcikova , Farnady Lucinda O’Grady , Emmorey Karen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Meir’s (2010) Double Mapping Constraint (DMC)
states the use of iconic signs in metaphors is restricted to signs that preserve the structural correspondence between the
articulators and the concrete source domain and between the concrete and metaphorical domains. We investigated ASL signers’
comprehension of English metaphors whose translations complied with the DMC (Communication collapsed during the
meeting) or violated the DMC (The acid ate the metal). Metaphors were preceded by the ASL
translation of the English verb, an unrelated sign, or a still video. Participants made sensibility judgments. Response times
(RTs) were faster for DMC-Compliant sentences with verb primes compared to unrelated primes or the still baseline. RTs for
DMC-Violation sentences were longer when preceded by verb primes. We propose the structured iconicity of the ASL verbs primed the
semantic features involved in the iconic mapping and these primed semantic features facilitated comprehension of DMC-Compliant
metaphors and slowed comprehension of DMC-Violation metaphors.
Structural cues for symmetry, asymmetry, and non-symmetry in Central Taurus Sign Language
Authors: Ergin Rabia , Senghas Ann , Jackendoff Ray , Gleitman Lila 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe investigate how predicates expressing symmetry, asymmetry and non-symmetry are encoded in a newly emerging sign language, Central Taurus Sign Language (CTSL). We find that predicates involving symmetry (i.e., reciprocal and symmetrical actions) differ from those involving asymmetry (i.e., transitive) in their use of the morphological devices investigated here: body segmentation, mirror-image articulators and double perspective. Symmetrical predicates also differ from non-symmetrical ones (i.e., intransitive) in their use of mirror-image configuration. Furthermore, reciprocal actions are temporally sequenced within a linear structure, whereas symmetrical actions are not. Thus, our data reveal that CTSL expresses each type of action with a particular combination of linguistic devices to encode symmetry, asymmetry, and non-symmetry. Furthermore, differences in the use of these devices across age cohorts of CTSL suggest that some have become more conventionalized over time. The same semantic distinctions have been observed – though with different realization – in another emerging sign language, Nicaraguan Sign Language (NSL). This converging suggests that natural human language learning capacities include an expectation to distinguish symmetry, asymmetry and non-symmetry.
Measuring lexical and structural conventionalization in young sign languages
Authors: Tkachman Oksana , Hudson Kam Carla L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCompounding, as a nearly universal word-formation process that is very useful in emerging languages, might be expected to conventionalize early in a language’s history. However, a recent study focusing on novel compounding in ISL and ABSL found that this may not be the case, and moreover, that the two languages appear to differ in how compounding is conventionalizing (Tkachman & Meir 2018). In this paper, we follow up on their findings, using six new measures to further evaluate lexical and structural conventionalization in the same set of novel compounds elicited byTkachman & Meir (2018). We found that ISL shows more lexical convergence, whereas ABSL shows more structural convergence. We propose that the differences in conventionalization we observe can be linked to the different social circumstances of these languages (Meir et al. 2010).
Visual foreign accent in an emerging sign language
Authors: Sandler Wendy , Belsitzman Gal , Meir Irit 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn the study of sign language phonology, little attention has been paid to the phonetic detail that distinguishes one sign language from another. We approach this issue by studying the foreign accent of signers of a young sign language – Al-Sayyid Bedouin Sign Language (ABSL) – which is in contact with another sign language in the region, Israeli Sign Language (ISL). By comparing ISL signs and sentences produced by ABSL signers with those of ISL signers, we uncover language particular features at a level of detail typically overlooked in sign language research. For example, within signs we find reduced occlusion (lack of contact), and across phrases there is frequent long distance spreading of the nondominant hand. This novel study of an emerging language in a language contact environment provides a model for comparative sign language phonology, and suggests that a community’s signature accent is part of the evolution of a phonological system.
Topic-open-endedness
Authors: Meir Irit 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHumans can use language to refer to and describe endless varieties of situations, thoughts, ideas, and topics, actual or hypothetical. This capacity, which distinguishes human language from communication systems of other animals, is referred to here astopic-open-endedness.A key factor in explaining topic-open-endedness early in the life of a new sign language is the nature of the linguistic symbols, the words, and the human ability to extend their meanings – e.g., through metonymy and metaphor – to novel semantic domains, applying a finite lexicon to infinite situations and topics. Other early language properties such as predication and negation facilitate creativity and flexibility from the beginning. The property of recursion accounts for the creation of an infinite number of sentences from a finite set of words and rules. But itcannotaccount for the open-endedness of thecontentsof those sentences. Therefore, the importance attributed to recursion as thesolemechanism that isuniquely humanis overrated.
Data transmission period consideration on the internet of thing node
Authors: Suherman S , Hasnita U , Rambe A H , Mubarakah N , Sembiring R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) has been very assistive in monitoring remote sites by placing some sensors connecting to the internet. Some sensors are located in fully available electrical sources; while some applications rely on the use of a battery. This paper concerns the latest, considering the quality of the sensed data against the power shortage. Vibration detection is chosen as the measured application. The remote sensor was designed by using MPU 6060, controlled by ATmega328 and connected to the internet through an intermediate node using 433 MHz radio. Intermediate node was controlled by ATmega8. Vibration data sent to the internet consists of minor and major vibrations. Major vibration occurs incidentally. Measurement shows that the sorter the data transmission period, the more effective sensor detecting major vibration. It is shown by the increment of vibration amplitude when the transmission period shorter. However, the more frequent the transmission, the more energy required. The assessment shows that data quality and power lifetime are determined by the transmission period.
An Approach for Measuring Research Strength Map of an Institution
Authors: Achsan H T Y , Suhartanto H , Wibowo W C , Putri W T H 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The real research strength of an institution is important for establishing research priorities and developing an institutional research plan. It can also be used as a basis for SWOT analysis, developing vision-mission of an institution and also useful for research funder in distributing their research grants. Unfortunately, there was only a small number of researches found. In this article, we proposed a new method to quantify the quality of research outputs. The method is suitable for measuring research strength. We applied the method to an institution using research articles downloaded from a reputable document database/index. The results were research strength map in 27 subject areas and 337 subject categories.
Prediction for Dengue Fever in Indonesia Using Neural Network and Regression Method
Authors: Harumy T H F , Chan H Y , Sodhy G C 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Dengue fever is the most hurriedly diffused mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. More than 33% of the total population in the world is under risk. Currently the prediction of dengue can save a person ‘s life by alerting them to take proper diagnosis and care. The Objectives of this research is (1) To Predict The area with the most potential to suspend dengue fever In Indonesia, And (2) to Predict dengue fever cases. (3). To analyz how many percent the effect factor of dengue fever. There are many ways to predict one of them is Regression and Deep learning Approach. Reseacher tried to analyz the most accurate such as Regression Multyplied, Neural Network, and Sensitivity Analysis. Set of data have been used is timeseries from 1997—2017. The Variable has been used for this research is Humadity, Temperature, Wind, Airpressure, Rainfall Index, income, sunlight, Population density, and output is cases. The Result of this research is first The area with the most potential to suspend Dengue fever In Indonesia 2019 is Jambi, Lampung, Bangka Belitung, West Sumatera, Central java with average Accuracy 87,16%. The Prediction dengue fever cases 2019 is 80233 Cases with accuracy 87,16%. The Third All variable ( X1 s.d X8) have been to effect to Partial and Simultaneous to (Y) in the amount of 0.16 (16 % ) with a significance level of 0.001 (99%). While the remaining 100% - 16% = 84% is influenced by other variables outside of this research.
Comparison of Crossover and Mutation Operators to Solve Teachers Placement Problem by Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Rosa P H P , Sriwindono H , Nugroho R A , Polina A M , Pinaryanto K 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The placement of elementary school teachers is an NP-complex problem. Teacher placement can be optimized by considering several factors that influence their performance, including the distance of teacher’s residence to school, age, and gender of the teacher. This paper discusses the solution model of the problem based on genetic algorithms by finding a chromosome formation that represents the possibility of teachers placement solution, composing a population, and finding the recommended combination of two selected mutations operators and two selected crossover operators to achieve optimal results. The selected mutation operators were Reverse Sequence Mutation (RSM) and Partial Shuffle Mutation (PSM), while the selected crossover-operators were Single Point Crossover (SPX) and Ordered Crossover (OX). The combined performance of these operators is measured based on the fitness value and running time of the program. Based on experiments, it can be concluded that the combination of OX-PSM with mutation probability 1:20 gives the lowest minimum fitness value compared to other combinations of crossover and mutation operators. The running time of the combination of OX-PSM is stable in any mutation probability, ranging from 39,5 – 41 minutes.
Optimization Neural Network of Election of Investment Sector and Mapping of The Best Investment Are in The Terrible Area
Authors: Harumy T H F 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The problem of this is still very interested domestic and foreign investors to invest in remote areas of Indonesia (3T) Disadvantaged, Outermost, Frontline whereas 3T Region has a very promising potential from various sectors. The purpose of this paper is to see what is best and best for investments that will provide positive results for both foreign and domestic investors. The analytical process used is the neural network and sensitivity analysis used to predict and determine what is most likely to be done investment. The results of the analysis in this paper are from the sector which analysed that is the sector of Hotel and Tourism Industry, Trade and Retail Sector, The most profitable E-commerce, Infrastructure and Construction, Plant and Agriculture business in 3T area is 1. Infrastructure & Construction, with value output 0.8269 2. Factory & Agriculture with output 0.7995 3. Hotels and Industries with output 0.7688 4 Retail trade & sector with output 0.82695. Ecommerce and Business with output 0.0261 Furthermore from 5 Regions which are sampling 3T area that is Aceh Singkil, Nias, South Nias, Coastal west Lampung, Mentawai Islands, Potential area for investment is 1. Five.8219 2. Mentawai with output 0.8021 3.West Lombok with output 0.7719 4.Nias with output 0.7072 and 5.South Nias with output 0.0272.
Performance Gasoline Generator Engine Fueled Liquid Petroleum Gas
Authors: Zulfan  , Burhanuddin Sitorus Tulus , Bin Nur Taufiq 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The government has now taken a policy to replace the use of fossil fuel oil, such as gasoline and petroleum diesel, into gas fuel. A converter kit and the modification of air filter are used to flow LPG (Liquid Petroleum Gas) into a generator. In this experiment, a three kg gas cylinder is used as fuel to run a gasoline generator engine of EG 1000 N S Type which is produced by Honda. The engine has a specification to generated power of 220 volts with 4.1 A outputs and 0.9kVA (720 watts) when operated using Gasoline fuel. The electricity produced during the operation of the generator engine is 680-700 watt when fueled with LPG. It was found that the generator engine fueled with LPG contributes to lower emissions which are still following Indonesian government regulation standards with a threshold value of CO and nitrogen oxide less than 500 mg/NM3 and 400/NM3, respectively.