bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decadal link between longitudinal morphological changes in branching channels of Yangtze estuary and movement of the offshore depo‐center
Authors: Zhu Boyuan , Yue Yao , Borthwick Alistair G.L. , Yu Wenjun , Liang Enhang , Tang Jinwu , Chai Yuanfang , Li Yitian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn estuaries, the morphology of inland and offshore areas usually evolves synergistically. This study examines the decadal link between longitudinal changes in morphology of branching channels and movement of the offshore depo‐center (where sediment deposition rate is maximum) of the Yangtze River estuary, under intense human interference. Integrated data analysis is provided on morphology, runoff discharge, and ebb partition ratio from 1950 to 2017. Channel‐volume reductions and change rates between isobaths in branching channels reflect the impact of estuarine engineering projects. Ebb partition ratio and duration of discharge ≥ 60 000 m3 s‐1 act as proxies for the water excavating force in branching channels and runoff intensity. It is found that deposition occurs in the lower/upper sub‐reaches (or further downstream/upstream channels) of the inland north/south branching channels, and the offshore depo‐center moves southward or southeastward, as runoff intensity grows; the reverse occurs as runoff intensity declines. This is because the horizontal circumfluence in the Yangtze estuary rotates clockwise as ebb partition ratios of the north/south branching channels increase/decrease for increasing runoff, and conversely rotates anticlockwise for decreasing runoff. Land reclamation activities, the Deepwater Channel Project, and the Qingcaosha Reservoir have impacted greatly on longitudinal changes of morphology in the North Branch and the South Passage and on ebb partition ratio variations in the North/South Channel and the North/South Passage. Dam‐induced runoff flattening has enhanced deposition in the upper/lower sub‐reaches of the north/south branching channels and caused northward movement of the offshore depo‐center, except in areas affected by estuarine engineering projects. Dam‐induced longitudinal evolution of branching channel morphology and offshore depo‐center movement will likely persist in the future, given the ongoing construction of large cascade dams in the upper Yangtze and the completion of major projects in the Yangtze estuary. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ENIGMA brain injury: Framework, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Dennis Emily L. , Baron David , Bartnik‐Olson Brenda , Caeyenberghs Karen , Esopenko Carrie , Hillary Frank G. , Kenney Kimbra , Koerte Inga K. , Lin Alexander P. , Mayer Andrew R. , Mondello Stefania , Olsen Alexander , Thompson Paul M. , Tate David F. , Wilde Elisabeth A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability worldwide, but the heterogeneous nature of TBI with respect to injury severity and health comorbidities make patient outcome difficult to predict. Injury severity accounts for only some of this variance, and a wide range of preinjury, injury‐related, and postinjury factors may influence outcome, such as sex, socioeconomic status, injury mechanism, and social support. Neuroimaging research in this area has generally been limited by insufficient sample sizes. Additionally, development of reliable biomarkers of mild TBI or repeated subconcussive impacts has been slow, likely due, in part, to subtle effects of injury and the aforementioned variability. The ENIGMA Consortium has established a framework for global collaboration that has resulted in the largest‐ever neuroimaging studies of multiple psychiatric and neurological disorders. Here we describe the organization, recent progress, and future goals of the Brain Injury working group.
Employee overqualification and manager job insecurity: Implications for employee career outcomes
Authors: Erdogan Berrin , Karakitapoğlu‐Aygün Zahide , Caughlin David E. , Bauer Talya N. , Gumusluoglu Lale 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, we propose that manager job insecurity will moderate the nature of the relationship between perceived overqualification and employee career‐related outcomes (career satisfaction, promotability ratings, and voluntary turnover). We tested our hypotheses using a sample of 124 employees and 54 managers working in a large holding company in Ankara, Turkey, collected across five time periods. The results suggested that average perceived overqualification was more strongly, and negatively, related to career satisfaction of employees when managers reported higher job insecurity. Furthermore, employee perceived overqualification was positively related to voluntary turnover when manager job insecurity was high. No direct or moderated effects were found for promotability ratings. Implications for overqualification and job insecurity literatures were discussed.
Luteolin protects against testicular injury induced by lead acetate by activating the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway
Authors: AL‐Megrin Wafa A. , Alomar Suliman , Alkhuriji Afrah F. , Metwally Dina M. , Mohamed Shimaa K. , Kassab Rami B. , Abdel Moneim Ahmed E. , El‐Khadragy Manal F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal that is harmful to humans, especially male reproductive organs. Luteolin (LUT) is a naturally occurring flavonoid with numerous biological activities. Our aim was to investigate the possible reproprotective effect of LUT against testicular deficits induced by Pb intoxication. In the present study, 28 rats were distributed into 4 groups: control, LUT (50 mg/kg), lead acetate (PbAc, 20 mg/kg), and LUT + PbAc groups, in which rats were pre‐treated with LUT 3 hr before PbAc injection. All animals were treated for 7 days. Oxidative stress, inflammatory and apoptotic markers along with histopathological changes have been examined using spectrophotometric, ELISA, real‐time PCR, and histopathological methods. PbAc injection elevated Pb concentration in testicular tissue and decreased levels of sex hormones. PbAc intoxication exacerbated lipoperoxidation and nitric oxide formation, depleted superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities along with glutathione and its originated enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase). At the molecular level, PbAc deactivated nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 and heme oxygenase‐1 in the testicular tissue. In addition, PbAc toxicity induced inflammatory and apoptotic cascades in testicular tissue as evidenced by the increased tumor necrosis factor‐alpha, interleukin‐1 beta, inducible nitric oxide synthase, Bax, and caspase 3, while Bcl‐2 was declined. Histopathological examination of testicular tissue also revealed that PbAc caused degeneration alterations in spermatogenic cells, the spermatogenic epithelial cells were disconnected from the basement membrane, and the seminiferous tubules were vacuolated. Remarkably, pre‐treatment with LUT minimized significantly the testicular damage induced by PbAc. Therefore, we conclude that LUT may have a beneficial effect against PbAc‐induced testicular injury through preventing oxidative challenge, inflammation, and finally apoptosis.
Wish you were here: The Dutch, German, and English Yearning in Situations of Loss Short Form
Authors: Eisma Maarten C. , Stelzer Eva‐Maria , Lenferink Lonneke I. M. , Knowles Lindsey M. , Gastmeier Sarah K. , Angelopoulou Maria , Doering Bettina K. , O'Connor Mary‐Frances 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjective(s)Yearning, a hallmark of grief disorders, relates to rumination and potentially to cognitive avoidance. We developed an 8‐item short form of the only existing validated yearning measure, the Yearning in Situations of Loss Scale (YSL), to improve its validity and administration ease.MethodCross‐sectional surveys were conducted among bereaved Dutch (N = 313) and German (N = 235) community samples and an American treatment‐seeking sample (N = 95). All samples completed the YSL, and community samples additionally measures of rumination, loss‐related avoidance, complicated grief (CG), and depression.ResultsA one‐factor model provided a good fit to the YSL Short Form (YSL‐SF) in the community samples. A two‐factor structure (cognitive and emotional yearning)best fitted the YSL‐SF in the treatment‐seeking sample. YSL‐SF scores correlated positively with rumination, loss‐related avoidance, and with CG symptoms whilst controlling for rumination and loss‐related avoidance.ConclusionThe YSL‐SF appears an easy‐to‐administer and valid measure of yearning after bereavement.
3D‐quantum interferometer using silicon microring‐embedded gold grating circuit
Authors: Arumona Arumona Edward , Amiri Iraj Sandegh , Punthawanunt Suphanchai , Ray Kanad , Singh Ghanshyam , Bharti Gaurav Kumar , Yupapin Preecha 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA 3D (three‐dimensional) quantum interferometer consisting of a silicon microring circuit proposed. The interferometer based on the electron spin cloud projections generated by microring‐embedded gold grating. The electron cloud oscillations result from the excitation of the gold grating at the center of the silicon microring by the dark soliton pulse of 1.50 μm center wavelength. The electron cloud spin‐down, spin‐up automatically formed in the two axes (x, y, respectively) and propagated along the z‐axis. In this proposal, the sensing mechanism of the circuit is manipulated by varying the reflector gold lengths of the sensing arm. The electron cloud spin coupled and changed by changing the gold lengths. The sensitivity measurement of the 3D quantum interferometer for three gold layer lengths of 100 nm, 500 nm, and 1,000 nm is (47.62 nm fs−1, ±0.4762 fs−1, ±0.01 nm−1), (238.10 nm fs−1, ±0.4762 fs−1, ±0.002 nm−1), (476.20 nm fs−1, ±0.4762 fs−1, ±0.001 nm−1), respectively. The used circuit parameters are the real ones that can be fabricated by the currently available technology. Moreover, the silicon micro ring circuit acts as a plasmonic antenna, which can apply for wireless quantum communication. The electron cloud spin projection space–time control can apply for quantum cellular automata.
The relationship of offending style to psychological and social risk factors in a sample of adolescent males
Authors: Ashton Sally‐Ann , Ioannou Maria , Hammond Laura , Synnott John 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResearch has indicated that life‐course persistent offenders typically vary their offending style, following a criminal career progression from co‐ to solo‐offending. Few studies have investigated the offenders who contemporaneously mix their style of offending. A sample of 1,047 male adolescent offenders from the Pathways to Desistance study was investigated over a 7‐year period. Participants were identified as solo, co or contemporaneous mixed style (CMS) offenders for each wave of data and one‐way between groups analysis of variance was conducted to examine variations between the different offending styles in terms of offending frequencies, exposure to violence, peer antisocial behaviour and influence, resistance to peer influence, impulse control and psychopathy. CMS offenders were found to consistently report significantly higher rates of offending and present significantly higher negative risk factors and lower protective risk factors than solo‐ and co‐offenders for the duration of the study. A multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate predictors of offending style with CMS as the reference category. Higher levels of exposure to violence and peer antisocial behaviour and lower levels of impulse control predicted membership of the CMS group for the first part of the study when compared with co‐offenders; and higher levels of exposure to violence and peer antisocial behaviour continued to predict CMS offending when compared to solo‐offenders until the end of the study.
Systematic reassessment of chemokine-receptor pairings confirms CCL20 but not CXCL13 and extends the spectrum of ACKR4 agonists to CCL22
Authors: Meyrath Max , Reynders Nathan , Uchański Tomasz , Chevigné Andy , Szpakowska Martyna 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) have emerged as important regulators or scavengers of homeostatic and inflammatory chemokines. Among these atypical receptors, ACKR4 is reported to bind the homeostatic chemokines CCL19, CCL21, CCL25 and CXCL13. In a recent study by Matti et al., the authors show that ACKR4 is also a receptor for CCL20, previously established to bind to CCR6 only. They provide convincing evidence that, just as for its other chemokine ligands, ACKR4 rapidly internalizes CCL20 both in vitro and in vivo. Independently of this discovery, we undertook a screening program aiming at reassessing the activity of the 43 human chemokines toward ACKR4 using a highly sensitive β-arrestin recruitment assay. This systematic analysis confirmed CCL20 as a new agonist ligand for ACKR4 in addition to CCL19, CCL21, and CCL25. Furthermore, CCL22, which plays an important role in both homeostasis and inflammatory responses, and is known as a ligand for CCR4 and ACKR2 was found to also act as a potent partial agonist of ACKR4. In contrast, agonist activity of CXCL13 toward ACKR4 was disproved. This independent wide-range systematic study confirms the pairing of CCL20 with ACKR4 newly discovered by Matti and co-authors, and further refines the spectrum of chemokines activating ACKR4.
Hydrogen bonding influences collision‐induced dissociation of Na+‐bound guanine tetrads
Authors: Lee Chaewon , Choi Yoon Kyung , Lee Sanghun , Han Sang Yun 
Published: May 2020

AbstractNa+‐bound guanine (G)–tetrads possess square planar structures formed solely by noncovalent interactions including multiple hydrogen bonds. Unlike G‐tetrads facilitated by other alkali metal ions, an intriguing behavior in collision‐induced dissociation (CID) has been observed in Na+‐bound G‐tetrads, which features a preferential, simultaneous loss of two G ligands in the low energy regime. To understand this unique behavior, we investigated the CID of Na+‐bound G‐tetrads with mixed ligands of G and 9‐methylguanine (9mG), [Na·Gm·9mGn]+ (m + n = 4), and [Li·9mG4]+ for comparison. In the CID experiments, the simultaneous losses of two ligands were by far more pronounced than the loss of a single ligand for all five Na+‐bound G‐tetrads. However, it appeared that the CID of [Li·9mG4]+ prefers to lose single ligands sequentially. An analysis of the fragment abundances suggested that the generation of Na+‐bound dimeric fragments might have occurred with two adjacent ligands. This theoretical study predicted for [Li·9mG4]+ that the loss of a single ligand is more energetically favorable than the production of neutral hydrogen‐bonded fragments by 35.5 kJ/mol (ΔG). This contradicts our previous calculations for [Na·9mG4]+ that a neutral loss of hydrogen‐bonded dimers provides the lowest energy product state of Na+‐bound dimeric fragments, which is lower than that of Na+‐bound trimeric fragments by 15.6 kJ/mol. From the results, this comparative study suggests that the pronounced generation of Na+‐bound dimeric fragments in CID of the G‐tetrads is likely promoted by the dissociation pathway associated with neutral loss of hydrogen‐bonded dimers. It thus demonstrates that multiple hydrogen bonding participating in formation of Na+‐bound G‐tetrads may also strongly influence the fate of dissociating complexes of G‐tetrads.
l‐Glutamate stimulates cholecystokinin secretion via the T1R1/T1R3 mediated PLC/TRPM5 transduction pathway
Authors: Kang Cuicui , Wang Lvyang , Feng Jiangyin , Zhu Weiyun , Hang Suqin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDIt is known that cholecystokinin (CCK) plays an essential role in reducing food intake and driving weight loss. Previous studies demonstrated that amino acids were capable of triggering CCK release through G protein‐coupled receptors, but the sensing mechanism remains obscure, especially the intracellular signaling pathway.RESULTSl‐Glu, rather than its d‐isomer, robustly stimulated CCK secretion in a porcine duodenal model, and the secretory response was augmented by incubation with the allosteric ligand of T1R1, while T1R3 antagonist attenuated it. Upon inhibiting phospholipase C (PLC) or transient receptor potential M5 (TRPM5) activity, l‐Glu failed to increase CCK release. Oral administration of monosodium glutamate in rats also suppressed food intake and increased plasma CCK levels, accompanied by elevated expression of T1R1, PLCβ2 and TRPM5 in the duodenum.CONCLUSIONThese data demonstrated that l‐Glu stimulated CCK secretion through the activation of T1R1/T1R3 in a PLC/TRPM5‐dependent manner. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Breast Tumor Diagnosis Using Finite‐Element Modeling Based on Clinical in vivo Elastographic Data
Authors: Sayed Ahmed M. , Naser Mohamed A. , Wahba Ashraf A. , Eldosoky Mohamed A. A. 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesThis study exploited finite‐element modeling (FEM) to simulate breast tissue multicompression during ultrasound elastography to classify breast tumors based on their nonlinear biomechanical properties.MethodsNumeric simulations were first calculated by using 3‐dimensional (3D) virtual models with an assumed tumor's geometric dimensions but with actual material properties to test and validate the FEM. Further numeric simulations were used to construct 3D models based on in vivo experimental data to verify our models. The models were designed for each individual in vivo case, emphasizing the geometry, position, and biomechanical properties of the breast tissue. At different compression levels, tissue strains were analyzed between the tumors and the background normal tissues to explore their nonlinearity and classify the tumor type. Tumor classification parameters were deduced by using a power‐law relationship between the applied compressive forces and strain differences.ResultsClassification parameters were compared between benign and malignant tumors, for which they were found to be statistically significant in classifying the tumor types (P < .05) by both the validation and verification of FEM. We compared the classification parameters between the in vivo and FEM classifications, for which they were found to be strongly correlated (R = 0.875; P < .001), with no statistical differences between their outcomes (P = .909).ConclusionsGood agreement between the model outcomes and the in vivo diagnostics was reported. The implemented models were validated and verified. The introduced 3D modeling method may augment elastographic methods to preliminary classify breast tumors at an early stage.
Ranging Behavior of an Arboreal Marsupial in a Plantation Landscape
Authors: Ashman Kita R. , Page Nina R. , Whisson Desley A. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTForests are becoming increasingly fragmented, primarily because of their conversion to production landscapes. Animals occupying modified landscapes may need to expand their ranges and move longer distances between remnant forest patches to find resources. The establishment of plantations in fragmented landscapes, however, may provide complementary habitat for wildlife and improve connectivity, reducing the amount of movement required. Our objective was to determine the influence of plantations on koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) habitat use and test 2 competing hypotheses on the relationship between plantations and range size. We deployed global positioning system and very high frequency collars on 40 koalas in 2 landscapes (plantation and non‐plantation) in Victoria, Australia. From 68,216 tracking points collected over an 8‐month period, we calculated and compared seasonal home range size and habitat use between landscapes. There was no difference in range size, the size and number of core use areas, or the distance between core use areas between plantation and non‐plantation landscapes. Plantations extend existing koala habitat and facilitate koala movement through a landscape; however, remnant native vegetation is still more frequently used. Consequently, native vegetation (even fragmented, linear roadside vegetation) is of high conservation importance for the persistence of koalas in modified landscapes. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Ambident electrophilicity of 4‐nitrobenzochalcogenadiazoles: Kinetic studies and structure‐reactivity relationships
Authors: Necibi Feriel , Salah Saida Ben , Roger Julien , Hierso Jean‐Cyrille , Boubaker Taoufik 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe kinetics of the reactions of 4‐nitrobenzofurazane 1a, 4‐nitrobenzothiadiazole 1b, and 4‐nitrobenzoselenadiazole 1c with a series of 4‐Y‐substituted phenoxide anions 2a‐e (Y = OMe, Me, H, Cl, and CN) in aqueous solution at 20°C were investigated photometrically. The derived second‐order rate constants (k2) have been combined with the nucleophilicity parameters values of these series of anions 2a‐e to determine the electrophilicity parameters E of electrophiles 1a‐c according to the linear free‐energy relationship (log k2)/s versus N. General reactivity of these electrophiles 1a‐c is found to be fairly similar with E values ranging in −10.77 ± 0.61 < E < −7.53 ± 0.29. The comparison with structurally related neutral electron‐deficient heteroaromatic and aromatic compounds revealed that 1a‐c are more reactive than 1,3,5‐trinitrobenzene, as benchmark aromatic electrophile used in nucleophilic addition or substitution processes. The rate constants for the reactions of 4‐nitrobenzochalcogenadiazoles 1a‐c with some other nucleophiles were measured and found to agree with those calculated from Mayr's equation. Finally, analysis of the rate data in terms of the Brønsted approach reveals that 1a‐c exhibits especially low intrinsic reactivity in σ‐adducts 3 forming reactions.
Pneumoperitoneum after transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach
Authors: Kwek James Wei Ming , Pang Maria Judith , Heah Harold H. W. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundTransoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) is a relatively safe procedure with comparable safety profile as open thyroidectomy. While gas insufflation complications such as subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum have been reported postoperatively, there have been no reports of pneumoperitoneum.Case reportOur patient underwent an uneventful TOETVA to remove her left thyroid lobe. Postoperatively, she developed subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, and pneumoperitoneum, which were confirmed on CT scan. She was managed conservatively and recovered uneventfully.ConclusionThe authors report the first case of pneumoperitoneum following TOETVA. Surgeons performing TOETVA should be aware of pneumoperitoneum as a possible complication of this procedure after excluding other possible causes.
Whole‐exome sequencing and genome‐wide association studies identify novel sarcopenia risk genes in Han Chinese
Authors: Ran Shu , He Xiao , Jiang Zi‐Xuan , Liu Yu , Zhang Yu‐Xue , Zhang Lei , Gu Gui‐Shan , Pei Yufang , Liu Bao‐Lin , Tian Qing , Zhang Yong‐Hong , Wang Jing‐Yu , Deng Hong‐Wen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSarcopenia is a complex polygenic disease, and its molecular mechanism is still unclear. Whole lean body mass (WLBM) is a heritable trait predicting sarcopenia. To identify genomic loci underlying, we performed a whole‐exome sequencing (WES) of WLBM variation with high sequencing depth (more than 40*) in 101 Chinese subjects. We then replicated in the major findings in the large‐scale UK Biobank (UKB) cohort (N = 217,822) for WLBM. The results of four single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were significant both in the discovery stage and replication stage: SNP rs740681 (discovery p = 1.66 × 10–6, replication p = .05), rs2272303 (discovery p = 3.20 × 10–4, replication p = 3.10 × 10–4), rs11170413 (discovery p = 3.99 × 10–4, replication p = 2.90 × 10–4), and rs2272302 (discovery p = 9.13 × 10–4, replication p = 3.10 × 10–4). We combined p values of the significant SNPs. Functional annotations highlighted two candidate genes, including FZR1 and SOAT2, that may exert pleiotropic effects to the development of body mass. Our findings provide useful insights that further enhance our understanding of genetic interplay in sarcopenia.