bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary shifts across biogeographic scales alter spatial subsidy dynamics
Authors: Ziegler Shelby L. , Able Kenneth W. , Fodrie F. Joel 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOver heterogeneous landscapes, organisms and energy move across ecological boundaries and this can have profound effects on overall ecosystem functioning. Both abiotic and biotic factors along habitat boundaries may facilitate or impede key species interactions that drive these energy flows—especially along the land–sea interface. We synthesized the literature detailing estuarine fish diets and habitat characteristics of salt marshes from U.S. East and Gulf coasts to determine patterns and drivers of cross‐boundary trophic transfers at the land–sea interface. Notably, marsh‐platform species (i.e., killifishes, fiddler crabs) appear virtually absent in the diets of transient estuarine fishes in the Gulf of Mexico, while along the South Atlantic and Mid‐Atlantic Bights, marsh‐platform species appear regularly in the diets of many transient estuarine fishes. Tidal amplitude varied across these three biogeographic regions and likely regulates the availability of marsh‐platform species to transient estuarine fishes via both access to the marsh surface for marine predators and emergence of marsh‐resident prey into the adjacent estuary (i.e., higher tidal amplitude increases predator–prey encounter rates). Surprisingly, marsh shoot density was positively correlated with the presence of marsh‐platform species in the diet, but this pattern appears to be mediated by increased tidal amplitude, suggesting the mode and periodicity of abiotic cycles drive diet structure of transient estuarine fishes more so than local habitat structural complexity. Subsequently, these processes likely influence the degree to which “trophic relay” moves energy from the marsh toward the open estuary. Understanding the dynamics that determine energy flows, spatial subsidies, and ultimately, ecosystem‐level productivity, is essential for implementation of holistic ecosystem‐based approaches to conserve and manage complex landscape mosaics.
A microhap panel for kinship analysis through massively parallel sequencing technology
Authors: Qu Ning , Lin Shaobin , Gao Yu , Liang Hao , Zhao Hu , Ou Xueling 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIt is widely recognized that microhaps are powerful markers for different forensic purposes, mainly due to their advantages of both short tandem repeats and single nucleotide polymorphisms, including multiple alleles, low mutation rate, and absence of stutter peaks. In the present study, a panel of 60 microhap loci was developed and utilized in forensic kinship analysis as a preliminary study. Genotyping of microhap was performed by massively parallel sequencing and haplotypes were directly achieved from sequence reads of 73 samples from Chinese Han population. We observed that 49 out of 60 loci have effective number of alleles greater than 3.0 and 10 out of 60 have values above 4.0, with an average value of 3.5598. The heterozygosity values were in a range from 0.5840 to 0.8546 with an average of 0.7268 and the cumulative power of exclusion value of the 60 loci is equal to 1–4.78 × 10−18. Moreover, we demonstrated the applicability of this method by different relationship inference problems, including identification of single parent‐offspring, full‐sibling, and second‐degree relative. The results indicated that the assembled microhap panel provided more power for relationship inference, than commonly used short tandem repeats or single nucleotide polymorphism system.
Energy, exergy, and exergo‐economic analysis of a novel combined power system using the cold energy of liquified natural gas (LNG)
Authors: Ozen Dilek Nur , Uçar İbrahim 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study proposed a novel combined power system that uses the cold energy of liquefied natural gas (LNG) for the BOTAŞ LNG receiving terminal located in Marmara Eregli in Turkey. In the proposed system, the main cycle was a Brayton cycle (BC), while the subcycles consisted of a supercritical CO2 cycle (S‐CO2) and an organic Rankine cycle (ORC). The combined power system was analyzed based on energy, exergy, and exergo‐economic. The effects of the determined decision variables (Compressor‐II input temperature, Compressor‐I‐II and Turbine‐I‐III isentropic efficiencies, CO2 cycle pressure rate, Turbine‐III input pressure, ORC pressure rate, and propane mass flow rate) on the exergo‐economic performance of the system were discussed, and the optimal points of the system were found. The base state of the system that had operational conditions and assumed design inputs was compared to the working conditions that were determined as a result of optimization, and a cost reduction of 67% was calculated.
Joint uplink and downlink delay‐aware resource allocation in C‐RAN
Authors: Tohidi Masumehsadat , Bakhshi Hamidreza , Parsaeefard Saeedeh 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis work considers two‐way communication between each pair of users with highly delay‐aware applications. We formulate a joint uplink and downlink resource allocation problem in a cloud radio access network. Assuming average end‐to‐end (E2E) delay of each user pair and practical limitation such as maximum transmit power, we maximize the total throughput of all pair of users in the cloud radio access network. In this setup, we consider that each user can be connected to at most one remote radio head and a limited capacity fronthaul link between each remote radio head and baseband unit. To present the resource allocation problem in a more tractable manner, we replace the E2E delay limitation with its equivalent throughput‐based formulation. Due to inherent NP‐hard and nonconvex nature of the proposed problem, we apply successive convex approximation to reach a two‐step iterative algorithm where, in each step, a specific set of optimization variable derived while other variables are fixed. The problem of each step is transformed into the standard geometric programming via the arithmetic‐geometric mean approximation. Simulation results reveal that our proposed joint uplink‐downlink resource allocation algorithm outperforms a case that uplink and downlink resources are allocated separately in terms of total throughput and outage probability of E2E delay, ie, a chance that E2E delay does not hold.
Performance estimation of multicarrier CDMA using adaptive brain storm optimization for 5G communication system in frequency selective fading channel
Authors: Kumar T. Dinesh , Venkatesan P. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMulticarrier code‐division multiple access (MC‐CDMA) is an efficient method for high‐speed data transmission. MC‐CDMA systems are mostly affected with high peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) and this may reduce the spectral efficiency of the system. This paper presented the PAPR reduction of a MC‐CDMA using partial transmit sequence (PTS) method via whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and modified brain storm optimization (MBSO). For quadrature phase‐shift keying (QPSK) modulation, our proposed method uses pseudorandom sequence (PRS) at dissimilar amount of active users. MBSO algorithm optimizes time delay and carrier frequency offset (CFO), and thus, we can minimizes the intercarrier interference from the carrier signal. Thus, we can achieve high‐speed data transmission in MC‐CDMA with PTS system. The results show that 64‐bit QPSK has superior performances in case of bit error rate, PAPR, spectral efficiency, maximum likelihood sequence estimation, normalized mean square error, minimum mean square error, CFO, and mean square error. Hence, the performance variations for the abovementioned parameters are 60%, 23%, 12%, 15%, 40%, 5%, 14%, and 3%, respectively. These all the outcomes are taken for dissimilar modulation and the different channels.
The intertwining of credit and banking fragility
Authors: Creel Jérôme , Hubert Paul , Labondance Fabien 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlthough the literature has provided evidence of the predictive power of credit for financial and banking crises, this article aims to investigate the grounds of this link by assessing the interrelationships between credit and banking fragility. The main identification assumption represents credit and banking fragility as a system of simultaneous joint data generating processes whose error terms are correlated. We test the null hypotheses that credit positively affects banking fragility—a vulnerability effect—and that banking fragility has a negative effect on credit—a trauma effect. We use seemingly unrelated regressions and 3SLS on a panel of European Union (EU) countries from 1998 to 2012 and control for the financial and macroeconomic environment. We find a positive effect of credit on banking fragility in the EU as a whole, in the Eurozone, in the core of the EU but not at its periphery, and a negative effect of banking fragility on credit in all samples.
Network‐based early warning system to predict financial crisis
Authors: Dastkhan Hossein 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn recent years, early warning systems have been developed as a significant tool to prevent financial and economic crises. In this paper, we applied the forward‐looking conditional value at risk (COVaR) as a market‐based systemic risk measure to analyse the systemic risk in an emerging market. A network representation of asset exposures is presented based on the values of ΔCoVaR. According to the exposure networks, two new network‐based indices are introduced. Furthermore, regarding the dependence of the new indices on the values of forward‐looking CoVaR, they are applied as the indicators for the proposed early warning system to predict downturns and crises in the level of firms and the whole market. The results of the early warning system for the market return show that the indicators based on both proposed models have a good ability to predict the crises in the market. In other words, the indicators issued a warning signal up to seven periods before the real crisis in the market. Similarly, the results of the early warning system to predict downturns at the level of firms also indicate the ability of indicators to issue the true warning signals. The results of the proposed system can help policymakers and authorities to determine the appropriate microprudential and macroprudential policies to avoid systemic risks.
Readiness of emergency obstetric and newborn care in public health facilities in Afghanistan between 2010 and 2016
Authors: Ansari Nasratullah , Tappis Hannah , Manalai Partamin , Anwari Zelaikha , Kim Young Mi , van Roosmalen Jos J.M. , Stekelenburg Jelle 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess changes in readiness to provide emergency obstetric and newborn care (EmONC) in health facilities in Afghanistan between 2010 and 2016.MethodsA secondary analysis was performed of a subset of data from cross‐sectional health facility assessments conducted in December 2009 to February 2010 and May 2016 to January 2017. Interviews with health providers, facility inventory, and record review were conducted in both assessments. Descriptive statistics and χ2 tests were used to compare readiness of EmONC at 59 public health facilities expected to provide comprehensive EmONC.ResultsThe proportion of facilities reporting provision of uterotonic drugs, anticonvulsants, parenteral antibiotics, newborn resuscitation, and cesarean delivery did not change significantly between 2010 and 2016. Provision of assisted vaginal deliveries increased from 78% in 2010 to 98% in 2016 (P<0.001). Fewer health facilities had amoxicillin (61% in 2016 vs 90% in 2010; P<0.001) and gentamicin (74% in 2016 vs 95% in 2010; P<0.002). The number of facilities with at least one midwife on duty 24 hours a day/7 days a week significantly declined (88% in 2016 vs 98% in 2010; P=0.028).ConclusionDespite a few positive changes, readiness of EmONC services in Afghanistan in 2016 had declined from 2010 levels.
Tri‐component coupling transesterification for efficient no‐glycerol biodiesel production using methyl acetate as methyl reagent
Authors: Tang Ying , Liu Huan , Li Zhaoyi , Meng Mei , Zhang Jie 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDConventional transesterification of vegetable oil with methanol for biodiesel production leads to the separation of glycerol and relatively low reaction efficiency. Methyl acetate is a more common solvent being less toxic and less soluble in water. In the presence of bases the transesterification of methyl acetate with glycerol can easily proceed at refluxing temperature.RESULTSA yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) of 98.0% can be obtained with oil/methyl acetate/methanol molar ratio of 1:1:8 and 10% dosage of KCl/CaO at 65 °C after reaction for 1 h. Furthermore, results of water resistance experiments indicated that trace water gave a promoting effect on FAME yield. Recycling experiments were conducted for four cycles and a greater than 90% yield of FAME indicated the high stability of KCl/CaO.CONCLUSIONSEfficient biodiesel production with no glycerol byproduct has been developed using a tri‐component (canola oil, methyl acetate and methanol) coupling chemical reaction with calcium oxide‐supported chloride as catalyst. Various characterization techniques revealed that the unique catalytic activity of KCl/CaO was related to its high degree of crystallinity, relatively high surface basicity and large pore size. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Impact of opioid use on patients undergoing screening colonoscopy according to the quality of bowel preparation
Authors: Lamerato Lois , Wittbrodt Eric , Kaur Manpreet , Datto Catherine , Singla Sumit 
Published: December 2019

AimsConstipation associated with opioid therapy for chronic pain may negatively impact colonoscopy success. This retrospective, observational study using administrative data and electronic medical records evaluated the impact of opioid use on colonoscopy outcomes.Methods and ResultsProcedural codes were used to identify patients who had a screening colonoscopy at two Henry Ford Health System centers (January 2015–December 2016). All patients had completed a standard uniform bowel preparation protocol. Medication orders and filled prescriptions were used to identify patients with a history of opioid use during the 28 days preprocedure (exposed) and a matched random sample of presumptive opioid nonusers (unexposed). Electronic medical records were reviewed for colonoscopy procedure data and outcomes.The exposed and unexposed groups included 964 and 1054 patients, respectively. Inadequate bowel preparation was significantly more common in the exposed versus unexposed group (18.5% vs 12.7%; P < 0.001). In the exposed and unexposed groups, 97.1 and 98.0% of colonoscopy procedures were completed, respectively (P = nonsignificant). Total procedure time was slightly increased for the exposed versus unexposed group (23.8 vs 22.5 min; P = 0.039). Polyp identification and cancer diagnosis were similar between groups. Prolonged sedation occurred in three patients in the exposed group and none in the unexposed group. Procedural complications were rare, but the incidence was significantly greater in the exposed versus unexposed group (1.3% vs 0.2%; P < 0.01).ConclusionsOpioid exposure was associated with significant reductions in the quality of preprocedure bowel preparation and an increased risk of complications in patients undergoing colonoscopy.
Synthesis of furo[3,2‐g]chromones under microwave irradiation and their antitumor activity evaluation
Authors: Abu‐Bakr Sherifa M. , Khidre Maha D. , Omar Mohamed A. , Swelam Samira A. , Awad Hanem M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA series of furo[3,2‐g]chromone derivatives were synthesized via the reaction of furochromone carbaldehyde 1 with amines 3a‐d and thioglycolic acid to give thiazolidinones 4a‐d. The later react with benzaldehyde/thiourea or hydroxylamine and DMF‐DMA in glacial acetic acid to give thiazolopyrimidines 5a‐d or thiazoloisoxazoles 6a‐d, respectively. Also, the synthesis of α‐aminophosphonates via the one‐pot reaction of 1 and amines 3a,b were trapped by dialkylphosphites 7a‐c afforded the corresponding α‐aminophosphonates 8a‐f. Applying hexaalkyltriamidophosphites 9a,b to 1 gives alkylidenephosphorane ylides 11a,b in an open structure form. In the present investigation, the in vitro inhibition capacity of compounds (4a, 4c, 5b, 5c, 6b‐d, 8a‐f, and 11a) was screened in three human cancer cell lines HCT‐116, MCF‐7, and HepG2. The anticancer activity results revealed that 8b and 8e had more potent cytotoxic inhibition activity against HCT‐116 cell line; however, all the tested compounds had obviously less cytotoxic activity against MCF‐7 cell line, while 5b, 5c, and 6d were potent against HepG2 cell line compared with that of doxorubicin.
Design, synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation, and molecular docking studies of novel symmetrical 2,5‐difunctionalized 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles
Authors: Hkiri Shaima , Hafidh Afifa , Cavalier Jean‐François , Touil Soufiane , Samarat Ali 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA series of novel symmetrical 2,5‐difunctionalized 1,3,4‐oxadiazole derivatives of pharmacological significance have been synthesized. The obtained compounds were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) and Gram‐positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, and Streptococcus agalactiae or group B Streptococcus), as well as against the fungus Candida albicans. Although the synthesized compounds showed moderate antifungal activity against C albicans, they exhibited good‐to‐excellent antibacterial activities against several strains, than did standard drugs ampicillin and nystatin. In silico molecular docking in FabI enzyme active site gave information regarding the binding mode of the drug candidate at the molecular level.
Fabrication and investigation of gold (III) ion‐imprinted functionalized silica particles
Authors: Alotaibi Majdah R. , Monier Mohammed , Elsayed NadiaH. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAu (III) ion‐imprinted mesoporous silica particles (Au‐Si‐Py) was manufactured by the condensation reaction of (3‐Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (AT)and 2‐pyridinecarboxaldehyde (Py). The obtained AT‐Py Schiff base ligand was then coordinate with the template gold ions and the polymerizable gold‐complex was allowed to gel in presence of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and then the coordinated gold ions were leached out of the obtained silica matrix using acidified thiourea solution. During the synthetic steps, the obtained materials were investigated utilizing advanced instrumental and spectral methods. Moreover, the morphological structure of both Au (III) ions imprinted Au‐Si‐Py and non‐imprinted NI‐Si‐Py silica particles were visualized using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Various adsorption experiments had been carried out using both Au‐Si‐Py and NI‐Si‐Py to examine their potential for selective extraction of gold ions under different conditions
Spatiotemporal distributions of cloud radiative forcing and response to cloud parameters over the Mongolian Plateau during 2003–2017
Authors: Bao Shanhu , Letu Husi , Zhao Jun , Lei Yonghui , Zhao Chuanfeng , Li Jiming , Tana Gegen , Liu Chao , Guo Enliang , Zhang Jie , He Jie , Bao Yuhai 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe Mongolian Plateau (MP) is among the most sensitive areas to global climate change, and the clouds over the MP have a greater impact on regional and global radiation budgets by altering the atmospheric and surface radiative forcing. In this study, daily Cloud and Earth Radiation Energy System data are used to investigate spatiotemporal variation of cloud radiative forcing (CRF) at the top of atmosphere (TOA), surface and atmosphere over the MP from 2003 to 2017 and then combined with Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer level 2 atmospheric data during the same period to analyse the cloud parameter impacts on CRF over the MP. At the TOA and surface, net radiative forcing (NRF) and shortwave radiative forcing (SRF) have cooling effects and longwave radiative forcing (LRF) have heating effects in all four seasons, and the NRF cooling effect in most areas of the MP decreases in summer and autumn and increases in spring and winter. In the atmosphere, SRF in spring and summer and NRF in summer reach larger values and heat the atmosphere, and LRF plays a strong cooling role in winter. The NRF change trend in the atmosphere over Mongolia is noteworthy in spring, its reduction slope is large, and most areas of Mongolia passed a significance test. As expected, a significant negative correlation was observed between cloud cover and NRF (as well as SRF) at the TOA and surface and a positive correlation was observed with NRF/SRF in the atmosphere and all LRF. With the increase in cloud optical thickness and cloud water path, the NRF and SRF cooling effects at the TOA and surface, the LRF cooling effect in the atmosphere, the LRF heating effect at the surface, and the SRF heating effect in the atmosphere all become stronger.
Evaluation of precipitation datasets against local observations in southwestern Iran
Authors: Fallah Ali , Rakhshandehroo Gholam Reza , Berg Peter , O Sungmin , Orth Rene 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study provides a comprehensive evaluation of a great variety of state‐of‐the‐art precipitation datasets against gauge observations over the Karun basin in southwestern Iran. In particular, we consider (a) gauge‐interpolated datasets (GPCCv8, CRU TS4.01, PREC/L, and CPC‐Unified), (b) multi‐source products (PERSIANN‐CDR, CHIRPS2.0, MSWEP V2, HydroGFD2.0, and SM2RAIN‐CCI), and (c) reanalyses (ERA‐Interim, ERA5, CFSR, and JRA‐55). The spatiotemporal performance of each product is evaluated against monthly precipitation observations from 155 gauges distributed across the basin during the period 2000–2015. This way, we find that overall the GPCCv8 dataset agrees best with the measurements. Most datasets show significant underestimations, which are largest for the interpolated datasets. These underestimations are usually smallest at low altitudes and increase towards more mountainous areas, although there is large spread across the products. Interestingly, no overall performance difference can be found between precipitation datasets for which gauge observations from Karun basin were used, versus products that were derived without these measurements, except in the case of GPCCv8. In general, our findings highlight remarkable differences between state‐of‐the‐art precipitation products over regions with comparatively sparse gauge density, such as Iran. Revealing the best‐performing datasets and their remaining weaknesses, we provide guidance for monitoring and modelling applications which rely on high‐quality precipitation input.