bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amputationen im Fußbereich – ein interdisziplinäres Update
Authors: Ernst Jennifer , Deryas Wahid F. , Burchhardt Helmut , Braatz Frank , Lehmann Wolfgang 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDie aktuellen Amputationszahlen zeigen einen deutlichen Anstieg der Minoramputationen. Dies ist ein internationaler Trend und eine direkte Folge erfolgreicher Präventions- und Behandlungsstrategien für Diabetes und neuer Revaskularisierungsoptionen. Minoramputationen bleiben trotz moderner High-Tech-Prothesen aufgrund der erhaltenen Propriozeption der Fußsohle, des Längenerhalts der unteren Extremität, der biomechanischen Eigenschaften von Minoramputationen und der erhaltenen Autonomie des Patienten ein überlegenes Amputationsniveau gegenüber Majoramputationen. Kenntnisse über Minoramputationen und Kombinationsverfahren sind erforderlich, um die Länge der Extremität, die Fußsohle zu erhalten und dem betroffenen Patienten einen robusten und sensiblen Amputationsstumpf zu bieten.
Reliability of Throwing Velocity during Non-specific and Specific Handball Throwing Tests
Authors: Rios Luis Javier Chirosa , Cuevas-Aburto Jesualdo , Martínez-García Dario , Ulloa-Diaz David , Ramírez Oscar Andres Andrades , Martin Isidoro Martinez , Ramos Amador García 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThrowing velocity is one of the most important factors for scoring goals in handball. This study aimed to identify the type of throw and procedure for selecting the final test outcome that provide throwing velocity with the greatest reliability. Fifteen experienced handball players and 33 non-experienced participants were tested in two sessions. Each session consisted of 4 trials of 3 different throwing tests (unspecific, 7-meters, and 3-steps). The maximum value of 4 trials, average value of 4 trials, and average value of the 3 best trials were considered. Throwing velocity was highly reliable (coefficient of variation [CV]≤3.3%, intraclass correlation coefficient≥0.89) with the exception of the unspecific throw for the non-experienced group (CV≥5.9%, intraclass correlation coefficient≤0.56). The 3-steps throw (CV=1.7%) was more reliable than the 7-meters throw (CV=2.1%) (CVratio=1.19) and unspecific throw (CV = 3.8%) (CVratio=2.18), the 3 procedures provided a comparable reliability (CV range=2.4−2.6%; CVratio≤1.07), and the experienced group (CV=1.0%) presented a higher reliability than the non-experienced group (CV=4.0%) (CVratio=3.83). These results support the 3-steps throw to maximise the reliability of throwing velocity performance.
Die wirtschaftliche Belastung durch ANCA-assoziierte Vaskulitiden in Deutschland – eine Versorgungsdatenstudie
Authors: Hellmich Bernhard , Spearpoint Philip , Deichmann Angelika , Buchholz Ina , Schönermark Matthias P. , Rutherford Peter , Götte Dieter 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDie wirtschaftliche Belastung durch ANCA-assoziierte Vaskulitiden (AAV), potenziell lebensbedrohliche Autoimmunerkrankungen, wurde mittels einer Versorgungsdatenanalyse untersucht.In dieser retrospektiven Studie wurden anonymisierte, repräsentative Längsschnittdaten von gesetzlichen Krankenversicherungen bereitgestellt und Versorgungsaspekte von Patienten mit Granulomatose mit Polyangiitis (GPA) sowie mikroskopischer Polyangiitis (MPA) systematisch untersucht.Eine hohe Hospitalisierungsrate und schwere begleitende Morbiditäten, insbesondere Nierenbeteiligungen, waren Haupttreiber für im Vergleich zur Allgemeinbevölkerung deutlich erhöhte Gesamtkosten für Patienten mit GPA oder MPA.Die Versorgungsdatenanalyse bestätigt die hohen Kosten durch AAV für das deutsche Gesundheitssystem und beweist sich darüber hinaus als eine zuverlässige Methode.
Recent Advances in Luminescent Annulated Borepins, Silepins, and Phosphepins
Authors: Duan Zheng , Wang Lili , Ma Juan , Si Erbing 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis review summarizes recent research on the molecular design, optical, and electronic properties of annulated borepins, silepins, and phosphepins, with emphasis on their structure–property relationships at the molecular level.1	Introduction2	Borepins3	Silepins4	Phosphepins5	Summary and Outlook
A Three-Step Synthesis of 1,7-Diazaperylene and Derivatives
Authors: Langhals Heinz , Mayer Peter , Polborn Kurt , Reichherzer Susanne 
Published: October 2020

Abstract1,7-Diazaperylene and various derivatives were synthesised in an upscaleable route from 1,5-diaminoanthraquinone and its Meerwein­ reaction with acrylonitrile and subsequent cyclisation with ammonia. The application of tert-butyl alcohol as the solvent led to a significant improvement in the Meerwein reaction.
Usability Evaluation of User Requirement–Based Teleconsultation Robots: A Preliminary Report from South Korea
Authors: Lee Hyeongsuk , Kim Jeongeun , Kim Sukwha , Kong Hyoun-Joong , Joo Hyunjin , Lee Dongkyun , Ryu Hyeongju 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Telepresence robots used to deliver a point-of-care (POC) consultation system that may provide value to enable effective decision making by healthcare providers at care sites.
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate usability of teleconsultation robots, based on endusers' needs, that can improve acceptance in future robot applications.
Methods This is a single group postdesign study using mixed methods to assess the usability of teleconsultation robots using scenarios. To collect opinions from various departments, 15 nurses or physicians currently working at medical institutions in Korea were selected using purposive sampling. The usability evaluation was conducted on healthcare providers twice at the simulation center; the think-aloud method was used and surveys and interviews were conducted to identify problems or improvements that may arise from the use of robots in hospital settings.
Results The results showed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and satisfaction level each scored 4 points or higher out of 7 points, showing usability of midhigh level. Camera angle control and robot driving functions were the most difficult. Other basic robot user interface was shown to be relatively easy. There was no difference in usability depending on the characteristics of the evaluator. Some functions including user interface were modified based on the usability test.
Conclusion Using robots in health care institutions may support effective communication among healthcare providers, thus contributing to health care improvement.
Body Cathexis among Stroke Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sadanandan Soumya , D’Silva Fatima , Renjith Vishnu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background Stroke results in functional dependence and poor quality of life. Body cathexis is a measure of one’s perceived body image. Stroke survivors often experience stress, anxiety, and disturbances in body image.

Objectives The objective of the study was to explore the body cathexis of stroke survivors.

Materials and Methods The cross-sectional survey was conducted at two rural community settings of Kozhikode district, Kerala. Using a purposive sampling, 151 stroke survivors were recruited.

Results The mean age of the participants was 64.58 years. About 53.6% participants were males and majority of the participants had ischemic stroke (76.2%). About one-third of participants had moderately severe disability. Among the participants, the body cathexis scale (BCS) ranged from 176 to 202. The overall mean (standard deviation) BCS score was 190.09 (5.04). Satisfaction or dissatisfaction toward each body part was analyzed and found that significant areas of dissatisfaction were energy level (98%), wrist (88.1%), elimination (86.1%), fingers (76.2%), and arms (73.5%). The BCS scores compared with the sides of lesion, gender differences, and duration of stroke showed no significant differences in the mean (p>0.05).

Conclusions Stroke survivors are found to experience disturbances in body image. Low energy level, poor functioning of upper extremities, and disturbed elimination patterns add primarily to body image disturbances. Body cathexis does not differ with side of lesion, gender differences, and duration of stroke.
Effects of Bacterial Cellulose Nanocrystals on the Mechanical Properties of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cements
Authors: Moradian Marzieh , Nosrat Abadi Mohsen , Jafarpour Dana , Saadat Maryam 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of bacterial cellulose nanocrystals (BCNCs) on the mechanical properties of resin-modified glass ionomer cements (RMGICs) including compressive strength (CS), diametral tensile strength (DTS), and modulus of elasticity (E).
Materials and Methods BCNCs were incorporated into RMGIC at various concentrations (0.3, 0.5, and 1 wt%). Unmodified RMGIC was used as the control group. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. CS and DTS, as well as modulus of elasticity, were evaluated using a universal testing machine. The nanostructure of BCNCs was observed via field emission scanning electron microscopy.
Statistical Analysis One-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey tests were used for data analysis. Level of significance was at p < 0.05.
Results The addition of BCNCs to RMGIC led to an increase in all of the tested mechanical properties compared with the control group, with a significant increase observed for 1 wt% BCNC. CS and DTS improved up to 23%, and modulus of elasticity increased by 44%.
Conclusions The addition of BCNCs to the RMGIC improved the mechanical properties, including CS, elastic modulus, and DTS. Thus, the newly developed RMGICs with BCNCs might represent an ideal and promising novel dental material in restorative dentistry.
Immune Thrombocytopenia Plasma-Derived Exosomes Impaired Megakaryocyte and Platelet Production through an Apoptosis Pathway
Authors: Miao Wenjing , Song Baoquan , Shi Bingyu , Wan Qi , Lv Quansheng , Chen Hanqing , Zhu Mingqing , Zhang Leisheng , Han Yue , Wu Depei 
Published: October 2020

AbstractReduced megakaryocyte (MK) apoptosis and insufficient platelet production play important roles in the pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The contribution of plasma-derived exosomes to the decreased platelet count in ITP has not been entirely understood. Here, we found the percentage of apoptotic MKs in patients with ITP was significantly lower than those in healthy volunteers. In the presence of ITP plasma-derived exosomes (ITP-Exo), the apoptosis of MKs was reduced during the process of MK differentiation in vitro, which contributed to the reduced platelet production by Bcl-xL/caspase signaling. Furthermore, in vivo study demonstrated that ITP-Exo administration led to significantly delayed platelet recovery in mice after 3.5 Gy of irradiation. All these findings indicated that ITP-Exo, as a regulator of platelet production, impaired MK apoptosis and platelet production through Bcl-xL/caspase signaling, unveiling new mechanisms for reduced platelet count in ITP.
Clinical Evaluation of Gingival Thickness and Width according to Dental Arch and Location in Pigmented and Nonpigmented Gingiva
Authors: Saxena Divya , Mamen Rosheni A. , Jain Sanjeev , Pandav Gaurav , Aggarwal Riddhi , Jolly Shreanshi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction The present study aimed to clinically evaluate and compare the variations in gingival thickness and width of keratinized gingiva according to the dental arch and location in pigmented and nonpigmented gingiva.
Materials and Methods A total of 240 sites from systemically healthy subjects were selected and divided into two groups; Group 1(pigmented gingiva) and group 2 (nonpigmented gingiva). After the initial visit of scaling and root planning, the gingival thickness was evaluated mid-buccally in the attached gingiva, that is, the center of the mucogingival junction and free gingival groove, and at the base of the interdental papilla. Similarly, the gingival width was measured as the distance from the gingival margin to the mucogingival junction. A single calibrated examiner recorded the measurements using the digital vernier caliper with a resolution of 0.01 mm.
Results Gingival thickness and width were found to be significantly higher in pigmented than nonpigmented gingiva. Also, the maxillary arch was found to have thicker and wider gingiva than the mandibular arch in both the groups. The gingival thickness was found to be maximum in central incisor and minimum in canine in both the groups. However, the width of keratinized gingiva was found to be maximum in lateral incisor in group 1 (pigmented) and central incisor in group 2 (nonpigmented) and minimum in canine in both the groups.
Conclusion A significant positive correlation in gingival thickness and width was observed according to dental arch and location in both pigmented and nonpigmented gingiva.
Concussion killjoys: CTE, violence and the brain’s becoming
Authors: Martin Aryn , McMillan Alasdair 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCTE, or chronic traumatic encephalopathy, is caused by repetitive head trauma and detected by a distinctive stain for a protein called ‘tau’ in autopsied brain tissue. While the number of diagnosed patients is only in the hundreds, the cultural footprint of the disease in North America is huge, both because those diagnosed are often celebrity-athletes and because millions of children, adolescents and young men and women play collision sports like football and hockey. We argue that the widespread attention to CTE provides a useful wedge to crack open another, heretofore neglected public health concern: repetitive acts of violence in and around hypermasculine sports create subjects whose brains—and characters—are materially shaped by that violence. Brains change materially when delivering blows as well as receiving them, when participating in degrading hazing rituals as victim or assailant, when belittled or assaulted by a coach, when approaching an upcoming game riddled with fear. We adopt a biosocial model of the brain’s becoming to intervene in a linear discourse around CTE that medicalizes and oversimplifies violence, a story that prematurely dissects one slice of the problem from a noxious whole.
The structural basis for an on–off switch controlling Gβγ-mediated inhibition of TRPM3 channels
Authors: Behrendt Marc , Gruss Fabian , Enzeroth Raissa , Dembla Sandeep , Zhao Siyuan , Crassous Pierre-Antoine , Mohr Florian , Nys Mieke , Louros Nikolaos , Gallardo Rodrigo , Zorzini Valentina , Wagner Doris , Economou Anastassios , Rousseau Frederic , Schymkowitz Joost , Philipp Stephan E. , Rohacs Tibor , Ulens Chris , Oberwinkler Johannes 
Published: October 2020

Significance
µ-Opioid receptors, activated by endogenous peptides or opioid drugs such as morphine, dampen the activity of nociceptor cells that detect noxious stimuli and thereby reduce pain. These receptors achieve this clinically important action by inhibitory signaling with Gβγ proteins to ion channels. Here we study how precisely Gβγ proteins inhibit one particular pain-related ion channel, TRPM3. Using TRPM3 splice variants, we identify a short stretch of amino acids required for the inhibitory action of Gβγ. We then characterize the interacting surfaces on both proteins by using X-ray crystallography. Our in-depth characterization of this protein–protein interaction can serve as a basis to facilitate the development of novel pain-reducing drugs impinging upon the specific interface between Gβγ and TRPM3.
It all comes down to sex
Authors: Hellin Garcia Maria Jose 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This chapter investigates how sex functions as
the main conductive thread in reggaeton musical discourse. By doing
so, it explores how metaphorical animalisation frames the male
perception of women. Following the Lakoffian conceptual basis
that people are animals, it shows how genders are perceived as predators
and prey and, subsequently, how this metaphorical animalisation conveys relations of power and control such as
domesticity, taming, submission, and servility. The analysis reveals
that whereas both are deliberately animalised, female animalisation
operates at the service of men. In this regard, women animalisation
is intrinsically related to being sexually objectified, dehumanised,
and even physically abused, with certain tints of sadomasochism. The
corpus analyses one hundred eighteen songs of twenty-five male
reggaeton singers. The analysis unveils that sexual desire,
pleasure, behaviour, and performance is intentionally
animal-rooted.
Canonical formulation for a non-relativistic spinning particle coupled to gravity
Authors: Banerjee Rabin , Mukherjee Pradip 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We systematically derive an action for a nonrelativistic spinning particle in flat background and discuss its canonical formulation in both Lagrangian and Hamiltonian approaches. This action is taken as the starting point for deriving the corresponding action in a curved background. It is achieved by following our recently developed technique of localising the flat space Galilean symmetry (Banerjee et al 2014 Phys. Lett. B
737 369; Banerjee et al 2015 Phys. Rev. D
91 084021; Banerjee et al 2015 Class. Quantum Grav.
32 045010). The coupling of the spinning particle to a Newton–Cartan background is obtained naturally. The equation of motion is found to differ from the geodesic equation, in agreement with earlier findings. Results for both the flat space limit and the spinless theory (in curved background) are reproduced. Specifically, the geodesic equation is also obtained in the latter case.
Quasi-local Casimir energy and vacuum buoyancy in a weak gravitational field
Authors: Sorge Francesco 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Casimir energy in presence of a weak gravitational field is discussed taking into account the issues related to energy and its conservation in a curved background. It is well-known that there are inherent difficulties in defining energy in general relativity, essentially due to its non-localizability. Using the concept of quasi-local mass and energy, it is shown that it is possible to attribute a Tolman mass to a massless scalar field confined to a Casimir cavity. Such non-local mass coincides—as expected—with the Casimir energy. The present approach offers an alternative derivation of the vacuum buoyancy force acting on a Casimir cavity, confirming the results presented by Calloni et al in a series of papers devoted to explore the possibility of experimentally weighting the Casimir vacuum (the so-called Archimedes experiment).
Rotational invariance in resistor networks: two-point resistances around an n-fold corner
Authors: Perrier Frédéric , Girault Frédéric 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Equivalent resistances between nodes in a resistor network are related when symmetries are present. In this paper, we establish, using van Steenwijk’s method, that general relations can be derived around any n-corner node, which is a node with n branches holding an n-fold symmetry axis of the network. The expression of the equivalent resistance between an n-corner node and a neighbouring m-corner node can also be given. For networks with four- and five-fold rotational invariance, we illustrate the additional possibilities offered by rotational invariance and Kennelly’s theorem (known as the star-triangle or Y-Δ transform). In particular, we derive general equations for the addition of an n-fold corner on top of any n-fold invariant network. The expressions of two-point resistances for 2 × 4 and 2 × 5 globe networks, for example, are hence obtained. Rotational symmetry, thus, allows exact analytical results to be obtained using elementary methods without heavy calculations, which can be useful for checking the results of advanced numerical methods in practical problems. These didactical examples with resistor networks illustrate the simplifications occurring in a physical system in the presence of rotational invariance.
Auger electron wave packet interferometry on extreme timescales with coherent soft x-rays
Authors: Usenko Sergey , Schwickert David , Przystawik Andreas , Baev Karolin , Baev Ivan , Braune Markus , Bocklage Lars , Czwalinna Marie Kristin , Deinert Sascha , Düsterer Stefan , Hans Andreas , Hartmann Gregor , Haunhorst Christian , Kuhlmann Marion , Palutke Steffen , Röhlsberger Ralf , Rönsch-Schulenburg Juliane , Schmidt Philipp , Skruszewicz Slawomir , Toleikis Sven , Viefhaus Jens , Martins Michael , Knie André , Kip Detlef , Laarmann Tim 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Wave packet interferometry provides benchmark information on light-induced electronic quantum states by monitoring their relative amplitudes and phases during coherent excitation, propagation, and decay. The relative phase control of soft x-ray pulse replicas on the single-digit attosecond timescale achieved in our experiments makes this method a powerful tool to probe ultrafast quantum phenomena such as the excitation of Auger shake-up states with sub-cycle precision. In this contribution we present first results obtained for different Auger decay channels upon generating L-shell vacancies in argon atoms using Michelson-type all-reflective interferometric autocorrelation at a central free-electron laser photon energy of 274.7 eV.
Single photon simultaneous K-shell ionization/excitation in C6H6: experiment and theory
Authors: Carniato S , Selles P , Ferté A , Berrah N , Wuosmaa A H , Nakano M , Hikosaka Y , Ito K , Žitnik M , Bučar K , Soejima K , Jänkälä K , Cubaynes D , Bizau J-M , Andric L , Khalal M A , Palaudoux J , Lablanquie P , Penent F 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Single photon simultaneous core ionization/core excitation (K−2V) of the Benzene molecule has been observed experimentally, using synchrotron radiation, by electron coincidence spectroscopy with a magnetic bottle time-of-flight electron spectrometer and reveals a rich spectrum. DFT and Post–Hartree–Fock calculations provide detailed assignments of K−2V states. The specific Auger decay of these states has also been determined experimentally with a new technique to improve the energy resolution.
Photo-spin-voltaic effect in PtMn/Y3Fe5O12 thin films
Authors: Yadav Roshni , Shepit Michael , Li Xu , Lin Ko-Wei , van Lierop Johan , Ruotolo Antonio 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The photo-spin-voltaic effect is revealed by the presence of a spin voltage generated by photons when a non-magnetic metal (e.g., Pt) is in close proximity to a ferrimagnetic insulator (e.g., Y3Fe5O12 (YIG)). This is attributed to the excited electrons and holes diffusing from the proximized layer near the interface to the metallic surface. By using a dual-ion-beam sputtering deposition technique, a metallic PtMn layer was deposited on YIG /Gd3Ga5O12 (GGG) (111) substrates. We report on the photo-induced-spin voltaic effect in a PtMn/YIG/GGG heterostructure. The sign of the photo-generated voltage was found to switch with magnetic field polarity and its intensity to decrease with increasing PtMn thickness. This indicates that spin-polarized electrons are confined near the interface in the metal. Photo-excitation of these carriers, together with spin–orbit coupling with Pt atoms, is at the origin of the measured transverse voltage. The design may find applications in antiferromagnetic spintronics.