bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enabling pregnant women and their physicians to make informed medication decisions using artificial intelligence
Authors: Davidson Lena , Boland Mary Regina 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe role of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare for pregnant women. To assess the role of AI in women’s health, discover gaps, and discuss the future of AI in maternal health. A systematic review of English articles using EMBASE, PubMed, and SCOPUS. Search terms included pregnancy and AI. Research articles and book chapters were included, while conference papers, editorials and notes were excluded from the review. Included papers focused on pregnancy and AI methods, and pertained to pharmacologic interventions. We identified 376 distinct studies from our queries. A final set of 31 papers were included for the review. Included papers represented a variety of pregnancy concerns and multidisciplinary applications of AI. Few studies relate to pregnancy, AI, and pharmacologics and therefore, we review carefully those studies. External validation of models and techniques described in the studies is limited, impeding on generalizability of the studies. Our review describes how AI has been applied to address maternal health, throughout the pregnancy process: preconception, prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal health concerns. However, there is a lack of research applying AI methods to understand how pharmacologic treatments affect pregnancy. We identify three areas where AI methods could be used to improve our understanding of pharmacological effects of pregnancy, including: (a) obtaining sound and reliable data from clinical records (15 studies), (b) designing optimized animal experiments to validate specific hypotheses (1 study) to (c) implementing decision support systems that inform decision-making (11 studies). The largest literature gap that we identified is with regards to using AI methods to optimize translational studies between animals and humans for pregnancy-related drug exposures.
Medication by Proxy: The Devolution of Psychiatric Power and Shared Accountability to Psychopharmaceutical Use Among Soldiers in America’s Post-9/11 Wars
Authors: Chua Jocelyn Lim 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWith the United States military stretched thin in the “global war on terror,” military officials have embraced psychopharmaceuticals in the effort to enable more troops to remain “mission-capable.” Within the intimate conditions in which deployed military personnel work and live, soldiers learn to read for signs of psychopharmaceutical use by others, and consequently, may become accountable to those on medication in new ways. On convoys and in the barracks, up in the observation post and out in the motor pool, the presence and perceived volatility of psychopharmaceuticals can enlist non-medical military personnel into the surveillance and monitoring of medicated peers, in sites far beyond the clinic. Drawing on fieldwork with Army personnel and veterans, this article explores collective and relational aspects of psychopharmaceutical use among soldiers deployed post-9/11 in Iraq and Afghanistan. I theorize this social landscape as a form of “medication by proxy,” both to play on the fluidity of the locus of medication administration and effects within the military corporate body, and to emphasize the material and spatial ways that proximity to psychopharmaceuticals pulls soldiers into relationships of care, concern and risk management. Cases presented here reveal a devolution and dispersal of biomedical psychiatric power that complicates mainstream narratives of mental health stigma in the US military.
Profiles of warm engagement and cold evaluation in multiple-document comprehension
Authors: Strømsø Helge I. , Bråten Ivar , Brante Eva W. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe explored potential profiles of interest, attitudes, and source evaluation by performing cluster analysis in a sample of Norwegian upper-secondary students. Differences among the profile groups with regard to multiple-document use were examined. The profile groups were partly consistent with the default stances described by the cognitive-affective engagement model of multiple-source use (List & Alexander, 2017), resulting in critical analytic, evaluative, and disengaged profiles. However, the model’s assumption that interest and attitude constitute one affective engagement dimension was not confirmed. There were no statistically significant differences between the profile groups in the processing of a set of multiple documents; yet there was a tendency for students who adopted a critical analytic stance to engage in a more thorough text selection process. Those students also included more information units from the selected texts in their written products and integrated information units across the texts more frequently compared to the other profile groups.
The Design of a Defense Mechanism to Mitigate Sinkhole Attack in Software Defined Wireless Sensor Cognitive Radio Networks
Authors: Sejaphala Lanka Chris , Velempini Mthulisi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe sink hole attack is a typical wireless sensor network attack. The sink hole node advertises itself as the best route to the sink node or the base station. The nodes in the communication zone of the sink hole node then redirects their observed data to the sink hole node upon receiving the broadcasted supposedly the best route. The sink node receives the packets and then drops them. It can also modify them before relaying them to the sink node or base station. This study proposes a scheme designed to address the effects of the sink hole attack called the Hop Count-Based Detection Scheme for Sinkhole Attack. The performance of the scheme is evaluated using Matlab. The scheme is compared to Ibrahim’s algorithm which is the best algorithm in literature. The simulation results show that HCODESSA achieves good results in comparison to Ibrahim’s. The results show that the sinkhole attack has adverse effect on the performance of the network and that its severity depends on the number of nodes it can mislead. We further evaluated the two schemes using statistical techniques which proved that HCODESSA performs better.
Risk minimisation using options and risky assets
Authors: Maasar Mohd Azdi , Roman Diana , Date Paresh 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe consider mean-risk portfolio optimisation models, with risk measured by symmetric measures (variance) as well as downside or tail measures (lower partial moments, conditional value at risk). A framework for including index options in the universe of assets, in addition to stocks, is provided. The exercise of index options is settled in cash, making this implementable with a variety of strike prices and maturities. We use a dataset with stocks from FTSE 100 and index options on FTSE100. Numerical results show that, for low risk-low return and to medium risk-medium return portfolios, the addition of an index put further reduces the risk to a considerable extent, particularly in the case of mean-CVaR efficient portfolios, where the left tail of the portfolio return distribution is dramatically improved. For high risk-high return portfolios, the inclusion of an index call improves the right tail of the return distribution, creating thus the opportunity for considerably higher returns.
Design and sizing of an aeroelastic composite model for a flying wing configuration with maneuver, gust, and landing loads
Authors: Bramsiepe Kjell , Voß Arne , Klimmek Thomas 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe paper addresses the application of a parametric design process for a flying wing configuration. The multi-disciplinary configuration (MULDICON) is a generic unmanned combat air vehicle (UCAV) developed for research purposes, a further development of the DLR-F19 configuration, which was used for research activities in the scope of the DLR project Mephisto and its predecessors FaUSST and UCAV2010. For the MULDICON, the DLR parametric design process MONA is applied. Special emphasis is placed on the structural modeling with composite material where each layer is modeled and analyzed. Various failure criteria are compared to define suitable constraints for the optimization of the load carrying structure. In contrast to optimize the thickness of composites with global allowable strains, such strategy allows for a detailed analysis of every layer. The number of constraints due to the set-up of every ply is substantially increased compared to the strain allowables but the structural optimization is still applicable. The detailed structural and mass models represent the global stiffness and structural dynamic characteristics of the aircraft. For the loads analysis part of the design process, 9 different mass configurations with a total of 306 maneuvering load cases as well as 336 1-cos gust load cases are taken into account. Furthermore, a new simplified landing impact simulation is introduced to consider 12 landing load cases. All load cases are defined according to regulations like CS-25. Such number of load cases is necessary to cover a sufficient number of flight conditions. For the selection of the design loads for the structural optimization, the essential loads are analyzed for a subset of locations. Together with a parametrized optimization model, the structural optimization is conducted. The result is a weight-optimized structural model for the MULDICON. This entire model allows for the investigation of physics-based effects already at an early stage of the design process.
Adolescent coping with academic challenges: The role of parental socialization of coping
Authors: Tu Kelly M. , Cai Tianying , Li Xiaomei 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionHow youth cope with academic challenges has important implications for their academic outcomes. The contributions of parental involvement have been relatively well‐established; however, few, if any studies have investigated the role of parental socialization of academic coping (i.e., coping suggestions) in shaping youth coping with academic challenges.MethodsUsing a community sample from the United States, we utilized a multi‐informant, longitudinal design to investigate the prospective association between parental socialization of academic coping and adolescent coping with academic challenges. Adolescent gender was also examined as a moderator of associations. Participants included 86 two‐parent families (54% boys; 38–52% ethnic minorities). At Time 1, mothers and fathers reported on their problem‐solving, help‐seeking, and disengaged coping suggestions in response to three hypothetical academic challenge scenarios (i.e., forgetting about or performing poorly on an assignment, difficulties managing academic demands). At Times 1 and 2, adolescents reported on their coping strategies (e.g., strategizing, help‐seeking, escape) in response to academic challenges.ResultsFather‐reported problem‐focused suggestions were associated with youths' more adaptive coping (e.g., strategizing, help‐seeking) over time. Interestingly, father‐reported disengaged suggestions were associated with less maladaptive coping over time. Further, adolescent gender moderated associations linking mothers' and fathers' problem‐focused suggestions and fathers’ help‐seeking and disengaged suggestions with adolescent coping over time.ConclusionsOverall, fathers' coping suggestions were associated with more adaptive coping for girls as compared with boys. Findings highlight the role of parental socialization of coping, particularly fathers’ role, in the academic domain.
A High‐linearity Input‐Buffer with high output common‐mode stability for 10bit 3.2GSs ADC
Authors: Sun Ting , Li Jing , Ning Ning , Wu Kejun , Yu Qi 
Published: April 2020

A high‐linearity input‐buffer with high output common‐mode stability for 10‐bit 3.2 GS/s ADC is proposed in this Letter. The buffer is mainly composed of a source follower for strong driving ability. To enhance its linearity, a feed forward signal path from input to output is proposed. A replica buffer‐based common‐mode feedback is designed to achieve high output common‐mode stabilisation of input‐buffer. The prototype is implemented in 40 nm CMOS process. The output common‐mode variation is reduced from 200 to 1 mV. Input‐buffer consumes 96 mW in 3.2 GHz sampling rate and achieves 69.3 dB spur‐free dynamic range at 1581 MHz input frequency.
The
E. coli
transcription factor GrlA is regulated by subcellular compartmentalization and activated in response to mechanical stimuli
Authors: Sirisaengtaksin Natalie , Odem Max A. , Bosserman Rachel E. , Flores Erika M. , Krachler Anne Marie 
Published: April 2020

Significance
EHEC bacteria have been implicated in numerous outbreaks of serious foodborne illnesses. EHEC activates virulence factors that promote gut colonization upon host ingestion by relying upon the sensation of mechanical stimuli created when bacteria adhere to intestinal tissue and when fluid flows past the bacterial membrane following adhesion. We found that the EHEC regulator GrlA activates virulence genes in response to mechanosensation. In planktonic bacteria, GrlA is membrane bound and physically separated from its DNA targets. When EHEC is mechanically stimulated, GrlA is released from the membrane into the cytoplasm, where it can bind and activate virulence gene promoters. This regulatory mechanism allows EHEC to rapidly adapt to the highly dynamic mechanics of the host intestine and successfully colonize.
Reactivity oscillation in the heavy–light–heavy Cl + CH
4
reaction
Authors: Chen Zhen , Chen Jun , Chen Rongjun , Xie Ting , Wang Xingan , Liu Shu , Wu Guorong , Dai Dongxu , Yang Xueming , Zhang Dong H. 
Published: April 2020

Significance
The hydrogen atom transfer reactions are ubiquitous in chemical and biological processes; therefore, heavy–light–heavy (HLH) reactions are of great practical importance and chemically interesting. This joint experimental and theoretical study not only shows the existence of HLH reactivity oscillation in a bimolecular reaction, but also rationalizes why such an HLH oscillation can be observed in polyatomic reactions, but not in triatomic reactions. In addition, our study represents an important progress in the dynamics study of chemical reaction with quantum differential cross-sections calculated accurately and good agreement with experiment obtained for a chemical reaction involving more than four atoms.
ZNF263 is a transcriptional regulator of heparin and heparan sulfate biosynthesis
Authors: Weiss Ryan J. , Spahn Philipp N. , Toledo Alejandro Gómez , Chiang Austin W. T. , Kellman Benjamin P. , Li Jing , Benner Christopher , Glass Christopher K. , Gordts Philip L. S. M. , Lewis Nathan E. , Esko Jeffrey D. 
Published: April 2020

Significance
Heparin is the most widely prescribed biopharmaceutical worldwide due to its potent anticoagulant activity. Therapeutic heparin is sourced primarily from porcine entrails and bovine lung. Mast cells appear to be the primary cell type that produces heparin, but all cells make a related polysaccharide, heparan sulfate. Understanding the factors that regulate the production of anticoagulant heparin would provide tools for bioengineering heparin. Here we provide evidence that key sulfotransferases in heparin/heparan sulfate production are under repression by the zinc finger protein ZNF263.
Are theticity and sentence-focus encoded grammatical categories of Dutch?
Authors: Belligh Thomas 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article examines whether theticity and sentence-focus can be considered to be encoded
grammatical categories of Dutch. After providing some background about theticity and sentence-focus, the concept
‘encoded grammatical category’ is operationalized along the lines of Integral Linguistics or Coserian Structural
Functionalism. In order for a functional category to qualify as an encoded grammatical category of a language, the
language should have at least one construction that encodes the category as a non-defeasible semantic property. The
article provides a qualitative investigation of both corpus-based and constructed examples of five Dutch constructions
that have hitherto been recognized in the literature as thetic or sentence-focus constructions. It is shown that none
of the previously identified Dutch thetic and sentence-focus constructions grammatically encode theticity and
sentence-focus as their non-defeasible semantics. All Dutch constructions have uses that are categorically opposed to
the categories theticity and sentence-focus. Theticity and sentence-focus are therefore no independently encoded
grammatical categories of Dutch, but rather categories of discourse and (normal) language use.
Presentational and related constructions in Norwegian with reference to German
Authors: Hellan Lars , Beermann Dorothee 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This paper investigates constructions in Norwegian and German with an expletive pronoun in subject
position, and for Norwegian also in object position. The discussion covers presentational, impersonal and
extrapositional constructions in both languages, and in Norwegian also the ‘light reflexive’ seg in
its interaction with presentationals. We relate the discussion to a parameter of theticity, whereby
sentences with an expletive subject will count as thetic while sentences with a content-full NP subject will count as
categorical. Also sentences with expletive object are argued to have a thetic value. Categorical sentences on their
side are ranked according to a parameter of transitivity, accounting for constraints on
presentational constructions in Norwegian, and seen as constituting an opposite dimension of constructional values to
that of theticity.
Infinitive constructions and theticity in German
Authors: Isaka Yukari 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this research, I examine the correlation of coherent/incoherent constructions with
thetic/categorical judgments in modern German, based on ideas put forward by Isaka
(2020). Coherence/incoherence is a syntactic distinction first studied extensively by Bech (1983), while theticity/categoricality is a semantic distinction discussed by Marty (1918). An analysis of authentic data of the verb wagen
‘dare’ with subject keiner ‘no one’ and er ‘he’ reveals that incoherent
constructions are less preferred for the purpose of expressing thetic judgments with keiner ‘no one’.
In this avoidance of incoherence for theticity, there is a correspondence of form with content. To express a thetic
judgment, which is also called simple judgment because of its indivisibility, incoherent constructions, consisting of
two clauses, seem to be less suitable.
Strong and weak nominal reference in thetic and categorical sentences
Authors: Lee Meng-Chen 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this paper, it will be discussed how, in both German and Chinese, strong and weak reference in
thetic and categorical sentences are expressed if held against Carlson’s
(1977) semantic event types of stage-level/SL- and individual-level/IL-predicates. This article will put
emphasis on correspondents of indefinite and bare nouns in German on personal pronouns, the construction
zhè/nà (this/that) (+Num)+CL(assifier)+N or the repetition of DP, which can only express the strong
reference of the subject. The problems arise from the fact that Chinese, in contrast to German, signals reference
strength not by articles as there are no articles in Chinese. In order to come to a comparison, we will use the
Carlsonian reference option as a criterion.
The article is structured as follows: Section 1 introduces
the definition of the strong and weak nominal reference. The second section will discuss thetic and categoric
constructions in German and Chinese. The third section deals with the interplay of SL- and IL-predicates,
thetic/categorical sentences, and the nominal reference of subjects, whereby the SL- and the IL-predicate are each
described in a separate section. Section 4 concludes this paper with a summary
of the results obtained in the previous sections.
Unaccusativity and theticity
Authors: Irwin Patricia 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines theticity in intransitive sentences. Starting with the assumption that the
function of a thetic sentence is to introduce a referent into a discourse (without predicating anything of it), two
requirements are proposed to characterize thetic intransitives: (A) the sole argument of the sentence must be
vP-internal; and (B) the sole argument must be interpreted as a property. Both requirements have precedents in
previous work: (A) incorporates Guéron’s (1980) observations on what she
called the Presentation LF; and (B) builds on McNally’s (1998a) work on the
semantics and discourse function of existential sentences. These requirements show that theticity cannot be explained
by lexical verb or verb class; what matters for theticity is syntactic structure and semantic interpretation. It is
then shown that the thetic/categorical distinction cuts across a commonly-accepted distinction in intransitive
sentences, the unergative-unaccusative distinction. Specifically, only a subtype of unaccusative sentence, those with
the “existential unaccusative” structure (Irwin 2018a), satisfies (A) and
(B). By contrast, change-of-state unaccusatives pattern with unergative sentences in not being thetic.
B-grade subjects and theticity
Authors: Tanaka Shin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study investigates the linguistic subject in categorical and thetic sentences. In the
“subjectless” thetic sentence, as Kuroda (1972) pointed out, we have a
nonprototypical subject, a B-grade subject, which is preferably combined in Japanese with the nominative marker
ga. By contrasting B-grade subjects in Japanese with their corresponding expressions in German (and
other languages), we discover two types of subjects, internal and external. In Japanese, B-grade subjects are
realizations of internal subjects, which are verbalized differently in other languages as a subject, as a dummy
subject, or an object. Comparing different realization forms of weather expressions crosslinguistically, we suggest
that the language-specific realizations of B-grade subjects correspond to three types of thetic judgments:
entity-central, event-central, and mixed type of both.
Improving skeletal structure in meat-type chickens given fast weight gain and large breast yield through genetic selection.
Authors: Peixoto Jane de O. , Ibelli Adriana M. G. , Fernandes Lana Teixeira , Ledur Mônica C. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Chicken is nowadays the most widely consumed meat in the world and one of the main sources of animal protein for humans. This outstanding position in meat production was achieved due to improvements in nutrition, animal health, management, and mainly animal breeding. Nevertheless, the genetic progress in economically important traits was correlated with some undesirable effects, such as the increase in skeletal disorders. Bone-related problems are an important issue to the poultry industry, and due to their high incidence, the genetic companies have made efforts to reduce the occurrence of these conditions. Furthermore, research institutes and universities have been helping to develop new genomic and phenomic tools to understand the etiology of bone disorders as well as provide new accurate and fast diagnosis. In the last decade, the use of global genomic methodologies, such as genomic selection, RNA sequencing, and metagenomics have enabled new insights regarding the metabolic problems in livestock species, including chickens. Therefore, this review aimed to provide an overview of bone problems in modern broilers focusing on possible ways to improve their skeletal structure by genetic selection, without compromising the gains already obtained in important production traits.