bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of serious mental illness and mental health service use after a workplace injury: a longitudinal study of workers’ compensation claimants in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Orchard Christa , Carnide Nancy , Mustard Cameron , Smith Peter M 
Published: January 2020

ObjectivesSerious mental illness is common among those who have experienced a physical workplace injury, yet little is known about mental health service use in this population. This study aims to estimate the proportion of the workplace musculoskeletal injury population experiencing a mental illness, the proportion who access mental health services through the workers’ compensation system and the factors associated with likelihood of accessing services.MethodsA longitudinal cohort study was conducted with a random sample of 615 workers’ compensation claimants followed over three survey waves between June 2014 and July 2015. The primary outcome was receiving any type of mental health service use during this period, as determined by linking survey responses to administrative compensation system records for the 18 months after initial interview.ResultsOf 181 (29.4%) participants who met the case definition for a serious mental illness at one or more of the three interviews, 75 (41.4%) accessed a mental health service during the 18-month observation period. Older age (OR=0.96, 95% CI 0.93 to 0.99) and achieving sustained return to work (OR=0.27, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.69) were associated with reduced odds of mental health service use. Although not significant, being born in Australia was associated with an increased odds of service use (OR=2.23, 95% CI 0.97 to 5.10).ConclusionsThe proportion of injured workers with musculoskeletal conditions experiencing mental illness is high, yet the proportion receiving mental health services is low. More work is needed to explore factors associated with mental health service use in this population, including the effect of returning to work.
Influence of living in a multicat household on health and behaviour in a cohort of cats from the United Kingdom
Authors: Roberts Claire , Gruffydd‐Jones Tim , Williams Jessica L , Murray Jane K 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundLiving in a multicat household has been implicated as a risk factor for various feline issues, but evidence is often anecdotal or based on retrospective studies.MethodsData from the Bristol Cats Study, a UK longitudinal study of pet cats, were used. Cats were included if they had remained in either a single cat or multicat household between questionnaires 1 (two months old to four months old) and 5 (two‐and‐a‐half years old). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyse associations between single cat/multicat households and measures of health and behaviour (overweight/obesity, abscesses/cat bites, negative interactions with owner and periuria). Multicat households were also subcategorised according to whether owners had reported agonistic behaviour between household cats.ResultsThere was no evidence of association between household type and the likelihood of obesity, abscesses or periuria. The likelihood of negative interactions with the owner (eg, growling or hissing) was influenced by the cats’ relationships; cats in non‐agonistic multicat households had decreased odds of negative interactions with the owner, compared with single and agonistic multicat households (P<0.001).ConclusionLiving in a multicat households per se was not a risk factor for the health and behaviour issues investigated, but the intercat relationship is important.
Review—A Portable Voltammetric Sensor for Determining Titratable Acidity in Foods and Beverages
Authors: Kotani Akira , Kusu Fumiyo , Takamura Kiyoko , Hakamata Hideki 
Published: January 2020

When 3,5-di-t-butyl-1,2-benzoquinone (DBBQ) is electrochemically reduced in an unbuffered solution, the addition of small amounts of acid to the solution is found to give rise to a new peak (termed the prepeak) at a more positive potential than the original reduction potential of DBBQ. In addition, the prepeak current heights of DBBQ are proportional to the added acid concentration. From these findings, we utilized the voltammetric behaviors of DBBQ to develop an analytical method for the determination of titratable acidity in food and beverage samples. Moreover, a portable voltammetric sensor (weight, 100 g; power, two AAA batteries), that implements this analytical method, was developed in order to provide an on-site analytical device. To show the applicability of this portable sensor, the determination of titratable acidity in fruit juice, wine, Japanese sake, and shochu was performed. The results obtained by the portable sensor showed a good correlation with those from official potentiometric titration using 0.1 mol/L NaOH. In conclusion, the present sensor required a reduced sample volume and measurement time for an assay compared with conventional potentiometric titration, consequently showing potential for quality assessment in a wide range of food and beverage analyses.
NFκB (Nuclear Factor κ-Light-Chain Enhancer of Activated B Cells) Activity Regulates Cell-Type–Specific and Context-Specific Susceptibility to Calcification in the Aortic Valve
Authors: Gee Terence , Farrar Emily , Wang Yidong , Wu Bingruo , Hsu Kevin , Zhou Bin , Butcher Jonathan 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
Although often studied independently, little is known about how aortic valve endothelial cells and valve interstitial cells interact collaborate to maintain tissue homeostasis or drive valve calcific pathogenesis. Inflammatory signaling is a recognized initiator of valve calcification, but the cell-type–specific downstream mechanisms have not been elucidated. In this study, we test how inflammatory signaling via NFκB (nuclear factor κ-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells) activity coordinates unique and shared mechanisms of valve endothelial cells and valve interstitial cells differentiation during calcific progression.

Approach and Results:
Activated NFκB was present throughout the calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) process in both endothelial and interstitial cell populations in an established mouse model of hypercholesterolemia-induced CAVD and in human CAVD. NFκB activity induces endothelial to mesenchymal transformation in 3-dimensional cultured aortic valve endothelial cells and subsequent osteogenic calcification of transformed cells. Similarly, 3-dimensional cultured valve interstitial cells calcified via NFκB-mediated osteogenic differentiation. NFκB-mediated endothelial to mesenchymal transformation was directly demonstrated in vivo during CAVD via genetic lineage tracking. Genetic deletion of NFκB in either whole valves or valve endothelium only was sufficient to prevent valve-specific molecular and cellular mechanisms of CAVD in vivo despite the persistence of a CAVD inducing environment.

Conclusions:
Our results identify NFκB signaling as an essential molecular regulator for both valve endothelial and interstitial participation in CAVD pathogenesis. Direct demonstration of valve endothelial cell endothelial to mesenchymal transformation transmigration in vivo during CAVD highlights a new cellular population for further investigation in CAVD morbidity. The efficacy of valve-specific NFκB modulation in inhibiting hypercholesterolemic CAVD suggests potential benefits of multicell type integrated investigation for biological therapeutic development and evaluation for CAVD.
PCSK6 Is a Key Protease in the Control of Smooth Muscle Cell Function in Vascular Remodeling
Authors: Rykaczewska Urszula , Suur Bianca E. , Röhl Samuel , Razuvaev Anton , Lengquist Mariette , Sabater-Lleal Maria , van der Laan Sander W. , Miller Clint L. , Wirka Robert C. , Kronqvist Malin , Gonzalez Diez Maria , Vesterlund Mattias , Gillgren Peter , Odeberg Jacob , Lindeman Jan H. , Veglia Fabrizio , Humphries Steve E. , de Faire Ulf , Baldassarre Damiano , Tremoli Elena ,   on behalf of the IMPROVE study group, Lehtiö Janne , Hansson Göran K. , Paulsson-Berne Gabrielle , Pasterkamp Gerard , Quertermous Thomas , Hamsten Anders , Eriksson Per , Hedin Ulf , Matic Ljubica 
Published: January 2020

Rationale:
PCSKs (Proprotein convertase subtilisins/kexins) are a protease family with unknown functions in vasculature. Previously, we demonstrated PCSK6 upregulation in human atherosclerotic plaques associated with smooth muscle cells (SMCs), inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and mitogens.

Objective:
Here, we applied a systems biology approach to gain deeper insights into the PCSK6 role in normal and diseased vessel wall.

Methods and Results:

Genetic analyses revealed association of intronic
PCSK6
variant rs1531817 with maximum internal carotid intima-media thickness progression in high-cardiovascular risk subjects. This variant was linked with PCSK6 mRNA expression in healthy aortas and plaques but also with overall plaque SMA+ cell content and pericyte fraction. Increased PCSK6 expression was found in several independent human cohorts comparing atherosclerotic lesions versus healthy arteries, using transcriptomic and proteomic datasets. By immunohistochemistry, PCSK6 was localized to fibrous cap SMA+ cells and neovessels in plaques. In human, rat, and mouse intimal hyperplasia, PCSK6 was expressed by proliferating SMA+ cells and upregulated after 5 days in rat carotid balloon injury model, with positive correlation to PDGFB (platelet-derived growth factor subunit B) and MMP (matrix metalloprotease) 2/MMP14. Here, PCSK6 was shown to colocalize and cointeract with MMP2/MMP14 by in situ proximity ligation assay. Microarrays of carotid arteries from Pcsk6
−/−
versus control mice revealed suppression of contractile SMC markers, extracellular matrix remodeling enzymes, and cytokines/receptors. Pcsk6
−/−
mice showed reduced intimal hyperplasia response upon carotid ligation in vivo, accompanied by decreased MMP14 activation and impaired SMC outgrowth from aortic rings ex vivo. PCSK6 silencing in human SMCs in vitro leads to downregulation of contractile markers and increase in MMP2 expression. Conversely, PCSK6 overexpression increased PDGFBB (platelet-derived growth factor BB)-induced cell proliferation and particularly migration.

Conclusions:
PCSK6 is a novel protease that induces SMC migration in response to PDGFB, mechanistically via modulation of contractile markers and MMP14 activation. This study establishes PCSK6 as a key regulator of SMC function in vascular remodeling.

Visual Overview:
An online visual overview is available for this article.
The impacts of maternal separation experience and its pattern on depression and dysfunctional attitude in middle school students in rural China
Authors: Cao Xiu-jing , Huang Yi-xuan , Zhu Ping , Zhang Zhi-gang 
Published: January 2020

Background: In China, because of the growth of economically driven rural-to-urban migration, there are lots of children in rural area who are separating or have separation experience with their parents. Until now, few studies focused on solely maternal separation and no research studied whether its pattern will affect children’s later psychological status. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine whether early or late maternal separation affects depression and dysfunctional attitude in middle school students and what is the role of cumulative duration and meeting frequency. Methods: Maternal separation experience was obtained by using questionnaires. We got early maternal separation group first. Then, late maternal separation and control group were obtained with the same number by matching grade, sex and family socioeconomic status. All the students in the three groups completed the scales of Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) and Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS). Results: Both CDI and DAS scores of early separation group are higher than the other two groups. When we split the data by sex, only females presented the same results. When cumulative duration is short, there is significant difference in both scores of CDI and DAS among the three groups, which showed the scores of early separation group are higher than the other two groups. When the cumulative duration is long, there is no significant difference among the three groups. When meeting frequency is high, there is no significant difference among the three groups. When it is low, there is significant difference among the three groups, which showed the CDI and DAS scores of early separation group are higher than the other two groups. Furthermore, the same results are also found in females. Conclusion: Early maternal separation may exert negative influence on student’s depression and dysfunctional attitude. The sex, cumulative duration and meeting frequency may also play important roles in the effect.
Development of a prototype anti-pollution filter for volatile anesthetics
Authors: Nigro Neto Caetano , Andrade Aron Jose Pazin , Leal Edir , Bezerra Francisco Jose Lucena , Lomivorotov Vladimir , Landoni Giovanni 
Published: January 2020

Introduction: The use of volatile agents during cardiopulmonary bypass allows a “single drug anesthesia” and is associated with reduced peak postoperative troponin levels. Connecting the exhaust systems to the oxygenator’s gas outlet port is mandatory and allows to prevent operating room (but not atmospheric) pollution by volatile agents. The aim of this study was to create a prototype filter for volatile agents and to test its adsorption efficacy during an ex-vivo simulated conventional cardiopulmonary bypass test. Methods: We carried out bench tests to conceive a prototype filter that could prevent room and environment pollution without damaging membrane oxygenators. We performed the tests at the Engineering Center for Circulatory Assistance Laboratory, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil. Bench tests included simulation of integral adsorption tests, filter dimensions and design, flow versus pressure curve, sizing, and tightness. Results: Calgon AT 410 was the best kind of activated charcoal granules for adsorption of sevoflurane, isoflurane, and desflurane. Filter dimension tests showed that a chamber of 30-cm width over 10-cm diameter filled with 200 g of the Calgon AT410 granules was the minimum required to fully adsorb sevoflurane for 90 min. Adsorption tests showed that the prototype filter fully adsorbed isoflurane in 100 ± 2.3 min, sevoflurane in 95 ± 3.4 min, and desflurane in 95 ± 4.3 min. Conclusion: The new version of our prototype filter adsorbed most of the volatile anesthetics agents during an ex-vivo simulated conventional cardiopulmonary bypass test.
An Evaluation of On-Campus Lactation Spaces for Student-Parents
Authors: Sturtevant Catherine , Huebner Colleen , Waite Whitney 
Published: January 2020

Background Numerous researchers have evaluated the influence of federal and workplace lactation policies on breastfeeding duration, however few have considered the experiences of breastfeeding people returning to school. Research aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality of existing on-campus lactation spaces. Methods In-depth interviews were conducted with student-parents ( N = 18) who had expressed milk on campus. Data collection and thematic analysis were based on the availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality framework for evaluating health services from the human rights literature and adapted for this study. Results For most participants with proximal access to a designated lactation space, room availability was exceptional and quality was marginally adequate. The provision of breast pumps, in-room sinks, and study desks were important aspects of quality discussed by the participants. Not all participants made use of the university’s designated lactation spaces due to either physical or informational inaccessibility. If designated lactation spaces were not convenient, participants found closer alternatives (e.g., bathroom, staff offices, or during the academic session). Conclusion Breastfeeding parents who return to school experience obstacles similar to those reported by employed parents who return to work. They require convenient access to appropriate spaces and sufficient privacy to express milk for their infants. In order to best support all learners, university leaders must consider the needs of this unique student population.
Induced Lactation in a Mother Through Surrogacy With Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (CAIS)
Authors: LeCain Magdalena , Fraterrigo Gemma , Drake William M. 
Published: January 2020

Introduction Breastfeeding offers the optimal feeding option for newborns in terms of nutritional content and reinforces mother-infant bonding. As a physiological process intrinsically linked to parturition, breastfeeding is no longer reserved for puerperal mothers. Progress in understanding the intricacies of lactogenesis and breastfeeding has further paved the way for artificially induced lactation in recent years. Main issues We describe the case of a mother through surrogacy with XY karyotype and complete androgen insensitivity syndrome who wished to breastfeed her child. Management Through a combination of estrogen therapy, galactagogues, and mechanical breast stimulation she was able to partially breastfeed her child for one month. Conclusion This case further shifts the concept that breastfeeding is a physiological process confined to only puerperal mothers and offers an opportunity to a wider group of nontraditional mothers to take part in the unique experience of breastfeeding.
WavelinQ created arteriovenous fistulas versus surgical radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulas? A single-centre observational study
Authors: Inston Nicholas , Khawaja Aurangzaib , Tullett Karen , Jones Robert 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: Devices to permit percutaneous endovascular arteriovenous fistula formation have recently been introduced into clinical practice with promising initial evidence. As guidelines support a distal fistula first policy, the question of whether an endovascular arteriovenous fistula should be performed as an initial option is introduced. The aims of this study were to compare a matched cohort of endovascular arteriovenous fistula with surgical radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulas. Materials and methods: Using data from a prospectively collected database over a 3-year period, a matched comparative analysis was performed. Results: WavelinQ arteriovenous fistulas (group W, n = 30) were compared with radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulas (group RC; n = 40). Procedural success was high with 96.7% for group W and 92.6% for group RC. Primary patency at 6 and 12 months was greater in group W (65.5% 6mo and 56.5% 12mo) compared to group RC (53.4% 6mo and 44% 12mo) ( p = 0.69 and 0.63). Mean primary patency was significantly lower for RC (235 ± 210 days) vs W (362 ± 240 days) ( p < 0.05). Secondary patency for group W was 75.8% and 69.5% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Secondary patency for RC was lower at 66.7% and 57.6% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Conclusion: Outcomes of WavelinQ arteriovenous fistulas in this series are similar to published results. When compared to a contemporaneously created group of surgical fistulas, WavelinQ demonstrated superior outcomes. These data would support that WavelinQ endovascular arteriovenous fistulas may be considered as a first option in the access pathway particularly if vessels at the wrist are absent or less than ideal.
Radiographic Outcomes of Immobilization using Boston Brace for Pediatric Spondylolysis
Authors: Virkki E. , Holstila M. , Mattila K. , Pajulo O. , Helenius I. 
Published: January 2020

Background and Aims: Spondylolysis is a common cause of lower back pain during youth. The aim of this study is to report the bony union rate and risk factors for non-union of the lumbar spondylolysis of pediatric patients treated with a rigid thoracolumbosacral orthosis (Boston brace). Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of 68 children (mean age = 13.9 years) treated for spondylolysis with a thoracolumbosacral orthosis. Patient charts and imaging studies were evaluated to identify the bony union rate of the spondylolysis after a minimum of 3 months of immobilization (mean = 4.2 months). Laterality, grade, level, and presence of high signal intensity in the magnetic resonance imaging were evaluated as prognostic factors. Results: Sixty-eight patients presented with 110 defects. Of them, 46 (42%) were incomplete fractures, 38 (35%) complete fractures, and 26 (24%) pseudoarthrosis. Of these defects, 38 (82.6%), 11 (28.9%), and 0 (0.0%) had bony union at the end of the treatment (p < 0.001). Unilateral defects healed significantly better than bilateral ones (relative risk = 1.71, 95% confidence interval = 1.16–2.54, 17/26 (65%) vs 32/84 (38%), p = 0.014). High signal intensity in the magnetic resonance images before the treatment predicted healing (relative risk = 13.24, 95% confidence interval = 1.93–91.01, 48/87 (55%) vs 1/24 (4.3%), p < 0.001). The level of the spondylolysis (L5 vs above L5) did not affect the healing rate. Conclusion: The union rates of spondylolysis with a thoracolumbosacral orthosis were similar as compared to earlier studies done with a low thoracolumbosacral orthosis. The grade of the defect, laterality, and presence of high signal intensity increased the probability of bony union. A high thoracolumbosacral orthosis (underarm) does not seem to improve the healing rate of pediatric spondylolysis defects.
Use of videos in the Information and Communication Technology Massive Open Online Course: Insights for learning and development of transformative digital agency with pre- and in-service teachers in Norway
Authors: Engeness Irina , Nohr Magnus , Singh Ammar Bahadur , Mørch Anders 
Published: January 2020

This study examines how videos may support participants’ learning in the Information and Communication Technology Massive Open Online Course (ICTMOOC) aimed to develop digital skills with pre- and in-service teachers in Norway and provides an insight into how teachers’ interactions with videos may contribute to enhancing their agentic capacity to learn and transformative digital agency. Analyses of participants’ interactions with the videos are located in the cultural-historical theory and draw on Galperin’s conceptualisation of learning processes. The data consisted of 501 participants’ responses to the questionnaire administered to all pre- and in-service teachers engaged in the ICTMOOC in 2014–2018. Mixed methods were applied to analyse the data by providing quantitative and qualitative evidence about the processes of video use. Findings reveal the patterns of participants’ interactions with videos: (a) seeking explicit information about how to engage in learning; (b) seeking assistance while engaged with the assigned tasks; (c) support to compare learning outcomes with the requirements outlined in the videos. In doing so, the videos provided orienting, executive and controlling support and might have contributed to enhancing participants’ capacity to learn in digital environments and their transformative digital agency. The majority of participants used videos for executive support and the learners preferred videos in the range of 5–10 min. By providing these types of support by the videos, a learning activity carries a new function as a tool for studying the essence of learning in digital environments. These findings have implications for the design of videos in online courses. They also emphasise the crucial importance of awareness about the type of support videos provide to enhance participants’ learning in digital environments.