bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stink Bugs Nymph and Adult Biology and Adult Preference on Cultivated Crop Plants in the Southern Brazilian Neotropics
Authors: Possebom Taynara , Lucini Tiago , Panizzi Antônio Ricardo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLaboratory studies were conducted with Dichelops furcatus (F.), Euschistus heros (F.), and Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) aiming to evaluate nymph and adult biology and adult preference for immature reproductive structures of the cultivated plants, soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill (Fabaceae), wheat, Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae), and canola, Brassica napus L. var. oleifera (Brassicaceae). Considering the survivorship for D. furcatus nymphs, it was greater on soybean and wheat, for E. heros nymphs it was greater on soybean compared to canola and wheat, and for N. viridula nymphs the survivorship was greater on soybean and canola. Dichelops furcatus nymphs developed faster on soybean and wheat, and E. heros and N. viridula nymphs developed faster on soybean and canola. Body weight at adult emergency for D. furcatus was greater on soybean and wheat, and for E. heros and N. viridula, it was greater on soybean. Adult survivorship and longevity were similar on soybean/wheat/canola for D. furcatus and N. viridula, and greater on soybean for E. heros. Reproduction and weight gain of adults were greater on soybean and wheat for D. furcatus, and on soybean for E. heros; N. viridula reproduced only on soybean and tended to gain greater body weight in this food source. As expected, soybean considering its superior nutritional quality was, in general, the best food. These laboratory studies coupled with field observations allow to conclude that the sequence of soybean/wheat/canola crops in the area studied forms a ‘green bridge’ that favor stink bug populations abundance in southern Brazilian neotropics.
‘Well, what is the feminist perspective on international affairs?’: theory/practice
Authors: Kinsella Helen M. , Shepherd Laura J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This brief introduction elaborates on Marysia Zalewski's significant body of work over the past three decades, which provides not only ample evidence of the benefits of feminist modes of encountering world politics, but also a robust framework for enquiry for scholars of politics and international relations. Her work, while deeply rooted in feminist theories and practice, has implications which go far beyond disciplinary determinations and touch upon, as the symposium demonstrates, the empirics, and the impact of international politics writ large, from finance to terrorism to violence.
Excavating Landmarks—Empirical Contributions to Doctrinal Analysis
Authors: Theil Stefan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The idea of landmark cases is ubiquitous in legal scholarship and adjudication. Both scholars who rely on ‘landmark’ cases and those who avoid the label often focus too much attention on a small sample of individual cases when researching legal doctrine. This risks missing important cases and pieces of the doctrinal picture. The article proposes an updated methodology that returns ‘to the basics’ of doctrinal scholarship, but with an empirical twist enabled through modern database technology. The approach is exemplified through the case study of López Ostra v Spain, a well-known environmental human rights decision under the European Convention on Human Rights. Based on a comprehensive data set of all environmental decisions, the article argues that the ‘landmark’ status of López Ostra is less empirically and doctrinally clear than conventionally accepted in legal scholarship.
Information Disclosure and the Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy: Climate-Related Risk in the UK and France
Authors: Webster Emily 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Over the last several years there has been increasing recognition and acceptance of the threat that climate change poses to global financial stability and the concurrent need for corporations to identify and account for both climate risks and their impacts on the environment. This has resulted in the emergence of climate risk disclosure (CRD) as a voluntary standard as well as movement on the domestic level to introduce mandatory CRD, demonstrated by the introduction of CRD framework legislation in France. This article conducts a comparative analysis of France and the UK—countries that are adopting divergent methods of legal development towards CRD—to analyse the potential of CRD as a policy tool to aid towards climate change mitigation and the transition to a low-carbon economy, and evaluate how effectively this is being achieved in practice.
Fleas of Shrews and Rodents in Rural Lowland Taiwan
Authors: Wang Hsi-Chieh , Lee Pei-Lung , Kuo Chi-Chien 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFleas transmit a variety of pathogens to humans but are relatively understudied in comparison to mosquitoes and ticks, including in Taiwan, where fleas in rural lowlands have never been systematically surveyed. In total, 700 fleas of four species were collected from 1,260 shrews and rodents at nine counties across lowland Taiwan. Nosopsyllus nicanus Jordan (Siphonaptera: Ceratophyllidae) and Xenopsylla cheopis Rothschild (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) were the most abundant flea species (79.0 and 14.6% of total fleas, respectively); the former was largely limited to the islets, while the latter was restricted to the Taiwan main island. Rattus losea Swinhoe (Rodentia: Muridae) was the most common small mammal species (49.3% of total) and hosted the majority of fleas (88.3% of total). Five Rickettsia spp., including Rickettsia conorii Brumpt (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), Rickettsia felis Bouyer et al. Rickettsia japonica Uchida, Rickettsia raoultii Mediannikov, and Rickettsia rickettsii Brumpt or closely related species, were identified from 67 individually assayed fleas based on ompB and gltA genes. Rickettsia felis, mainly transmitted by fleas, was detected in one X. cheopis in southern Taiwan where a confirmed human case of infection with R. felis has been reported. The presence of R. felis, along with the other four tick-borne Rickettsia spp., demonstrates that a variety of rickettsiae circulate in rural lowland Taiwan and could pose risks to human health.
Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Treatment and Prevention Practices by Pediatric Infectious Diseases Providers
Authors: Parrish Katelyn L , Salwan Noble K , Thompson Ryley M , Hogan Patrick G , Orscheln Rachel C , Newland Jason G , Fritz Stephanie A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We surveyed 323 members of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society about their clinical practices for skin abscess management based on the 2011 Infectious Diseases Society of America guidelines and contemporary evidence. Despite this guideline and recent randomized trials, variability exists among pediatric infectious diseases clinicians in current skin and soft tissue infection management practices.
Characterization of material around the centaur (2060) Chiron from a visible and near-infrared stellar occultation in 2011
Authors: Sickafoose A A , Bosh A S , Emery J P , Person M J , Zuluaga C A , Womack M , Ruprecht J D , Bianco F B , Zangari A M 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
The centaur (2060) Chiron exhibits outgassing behaviour and possibly hosts a ring system. On 2011 November 29, Chiron occulted a fairly bright star (R ∼ 15 mag) as observed from the 3-m NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) on Mauna Kea and the 2-m Faulkes Telescope North (FTN) at Haleakala. Data were taken as visible wavelength images and simultaneous, low-resolution, near-infrared (NIR) spectra. Here, we present a detailed examination of the light-curve features in the optical data and an analysis of the NIR spectra. We place a lower limit on the spherical diameter of Chiron's nucleus of 160.2 ± 1.3 km. Sharp, narrow dips were observed between 280 and 360 km from the centre (depending on event geometry). For a central chord and assumed ring plane, the separated features are 298.5–302 and 308–310.5 km from the nucleus, with normal optical depth ∼0.5–0.9, and a gap of 9.1 ± 1.3 km. These features are similar in equivalent depth to Chariklo's inner ring. The absence of absorbing/scattering material near the nucleus suggests that these sharp dips are more likely to be planar rings than a shell of material. The region of relatively increased transmission is within the 1:2 spin-orbit resonance, consistent with the proposed clearing pattern for a non-axisymmetric nucleus. Characteristics of possible azimuthally incomplete features are presented, which could be transient, as well as a possible shell from ∼900–1500 km: future observations are needed for confirmation. There are no significant features in the NIR light curves, nor any correlation between optical features and NIR spectral slope.
Application of convolutional neural networks for stellar spectral classification
Authors: Sharma Kaushal , Kembhavi Ajit , Kembhavi Aniruddha , Sivarani T , Abraham Sheelu , Vaghmare Kaustubh 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTDue to the ever-expanding volume of observed spectroscopic data from surveys such as SDSS and LAMOST, it has become important to apply artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for analysing stellar spectra to solve spectral classification and regression problems like the determination of stellar atmospheric parameters Teff, $\rm {\log g}$, and [Fe/H]. We propose an automated approach for the classification of stellar spectra in the optical region using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Traditional machine learning (ML) methods with ‘shallow’ architecture (usually up to two hidden layers) have been trained for these purposes in the past. However, deep learning methods with a larger number of hidden layers allow the use of finer details in the spectrum which results in improved accuracy and better generalization. Studying finer spectral signatures also enables us to determine accurate differential stellar parameters and find rare objects. We examine various machine and deep learning algorithms like artificial neural networks, Random Forest, and CNN to classify stellar spectra using the Jacoby Atlas, ELODIE, and MILES spectral libraries as training samples. We test the performance of the trained networks on the Indo-U.S. Library of Coudé Feed Stellar Spectra (CFLIB). We show that using CNNs, we are able to lower the error up to 1.23 spectral subclasses as compared to that of two subclasses achieved in the past studies with ML approach. We further apply the trained model to classify stellar spectra retrieved from the SDSS data base with SNR &gt; 20.
Feedback from supermassive black holes transforms centrals into passive galaxies by ejecting circumgalactic gas
Authors: Oppenheimer Benjamin D , Davies Jonathan J , Crain Robert A , Wijers Nastasha A , Schaye Joop , Werk Jessica K , Burchett Joseph N , Trayford James W , Horton Ryan 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Davies et al. established that for L* galaxies the fraction of baryons in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) is inversely correlated with the mass of their central supermassive black holes (BHs) in the EAGLE hydrodynamic simulation. The interpretation is that, over time, a more massive BH has provided more energy to transport baryons beyond the virial radius, which additionally reduces gas accretion and star formation. We continue this research by focusing on the relationship between the (1) BH masses (MBH), (2) physical and observational properties of the CGM, and (3) galaxy colours for Milky Way-mass systems. The ratio of the cumulative BH feedback energy over the gaseous halo binding energy is a strong predictor of the CGM gas content, with BHs injecting significantly higher than the binding energy resulting in gas-poor haloes. Observable tracers of the CGM, including $\rm {C\, \small{IV}}$, $\rm {O\, \small{VI}}$, and ${\rm {H\, \small{I}}}$ absorption line measurements, are found to be effective tracers of the total z ∼ 0 CGM halo mass. We use high-cadence simulation outputs to demonstrate that BH feedback pushes baryons beyond the virial radius within 100 Myr time-scales, but that CGM metal tracers take longer (0.5–2.5 Gyr) to respond. Secular evolution of galaxies results in blue, star-forming or red, passive populations depending on the cumulative feedback from BHs. The reddest quartile of galaxies with M* = 1010.2−10.7 M⊙ (median u − r = 2.28) has a CGM mass that is 2.5 times lower than the bluest quartile (u − r = 1.59). We propose observing strategies to indirectly ascertain fCGM via metal lines around galaxies with measured MBH. We predict statistically detectable declines in $\rm {C\, \small{IV}}$ and $\rm {O\, \small{VI}}$ covering fractions with increasing MBH for central galaxies with M* = 1010.2−10.7M⊙.
Plasmodium vivax Malaria Viewed through the Lens of an Eradicated European Strain
Authors: van Dorp Lucy , Gelabert Pere , Rieux Adrien , de Manuel Marc , de-Dios Toni , Gopalakrishnan Shyam , Carøe Christian , Sandoval-Velasco Marcela , Fregel Rosa , Olalde Iñigo , Escosa Raül , Aranda Carles , Huijben Silvie , Mueller Ivo , Marquès-Bonet Tomàs , Balloux François , Gilbert M Thomas P , Lalueza-Fox Carles 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe protozoan Plasmodium vivax is responsible for 42% of all cases of malaria outside Africa. The parasite is currently largely restricted to tropical and subtropical latitudes in Asia, Oceania, and the Americas. Though, it was historically present in most of Europe before being finally eradicated during the second half of the 20th century. The lack of genomic information on the extinct European lineage has prevented a clear understanding of historical population structuring and past migrations of P. vivax. We used medical microscope slides prepared in 1944 from malaria-affected patients from the Ebro Delta in Spain, one of the last footholds of malaria in Europe, to generate a genome of a European P. vivax strain. Population genetics and phylogenetic analyses placed this strain basal to a cluster including samples from the Americas. This genome allowed us to calibrate a genomic mutation rate for P. vivax, and to estimate the mean age of the last common ancestor between European and American strains to the 15th century. This date points to an introduction of the parasite during the European colonization of the Americas. In addition, we found that some known variants for resistance to antimalarial drugs, including Chloroquine and Sulfadoxine, were already present in this European strain, predating their use. Our results shed light on the evolution of an important human pathogen and illustrate the value of antique medical collections as a resource for retrieving genomic information on pathogens from the past.
Four Relational Experiences in Music Therapy with Adults with Severe and Profound Intellectual Disability
Authors: Swaney Maybelle 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper describes a conceptual framework in music therapy with adults with severe and profound levels of intellectual disability. Drawing from Carl Rogers’ person-centered work and his notion of the good life as a direction, the author presents four core relational experiences (curiosity, invitation, celebration, and recognition) that underpin the therapeutic process with this client population. Case vignettes from the author’s clinical work illustrate how core experiences are presented through improvisational musical experiences. Considerations are given to the clinical significance of good-life-oriented experiences on the emotional health of individuals with severe and profound intellectual disability, and to its implications beyond the music therapy space.
Biological activity of weekly ONC201 in adult recurrent glioblastoma patients
Authors: Arrillaga-Romany Isabel , Odia Yazmin , Prabhu Varun V , Tarapore Rohinton S , Merdinger Krystal , Stogniew Martin , Oster Wolfgang , Allen Joshua E , Mehta Minesh , Batchelor Tracy T , Wen Patrick Y 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
ONC201 is a dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) antagonist that penetrates the blood–brain barrier. ONC201 efficacy has been shown in glioblastoma animal models and is inversely correlated with dopamine receptor DRD5 expression. ONC201 is well tolerated in adult recurrent glioblastoma patients with dosing every 3 weeks and has achieved an objective radiographic response in a patient harboring the H3 K27M mutation.

Methods
In a window-of-opportunity arm, 6 adult subjects initiated ONC201 prior to re-resection of recurrent glioblastoma with intratumoral concentrations as the primary endpoint. An additional 20 adults with recurrent glioblastoma received single agent weekly oral ONC201 at 625 mg, with progression-free survival at 6 months (PFS6) by Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria as the primary endpoint.

Results
The window-of-opportunity arm achieved its primary endpoint with intratumoral ONC201 concentrations at ~24 hours following the second weekly dose ranging from 600 nM to 9.3 µM. Intratumoral pharmacodynamics assessed by activating transcriptional factor 4, death receptor 5, and apoptosis induction relative to archival samples were observed with the strongest intensity and uniformity among patients with low DRD5 tumor expression. The primary endpoint of PFS6 by RANO was not achieved at 5% in this molecularly unselected cohort; however, 1 of 3 patients enrolled with the H3 K27M mutation had a complete regression of enhancing multifocal lesions that remained durable for &gt;1.5 years. No treatment modifications or discontinuations due to toxicity were observed, including in those who underwent re-resection.

Conclusions
Weekly ONC201 is well tolerated, and meaningful intratumoral concentrations were achieved. ONC201 may be biologically active in a subset of adult patients with recurrent glioblastoma.
The State of Being LGBT in the Age of Reaction
Authors: Birdal Mehmet Sinan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of LGBT politics in the Middle East and North Africa region, with a specific focus on Egypt, Lebanon, Tunisia, and Turkey. It argues that LGBT movements in these countries must be understood within the context of how the state is engaged in a broader range of authoritarian and/or state-centered regulations of social movements after the period of the Arab Spring. It also illustrates how the current regulation of LGBT rights has historical roots in the understanding of sexual identities during the colonial era. The chapter argues, therefore, that the understanding of LGBT rights as part of a “progress” or “democratization” narrative is simplistic and does not account for the historical and structural conditions that created the contexts and possibilities for contemporary LGBT organizing.
Academia versus Activism
Authors: Altman Dennis 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This chapter was inspired by reading a number of contributions to The Oxford Handbook of Global LGBT and Sexual Diversity Politics and asks three interconnected questions: How can one best understand the range of experiences of and the attitudes toward people whose sexual orientation or gender expression is regarded as diverging from socially prescribed norms? Is the language of sexual rights the most appropriate in defending sexual and gender diversity when there appears to be growing global polarization around issues of sexuality? And how do we reconcile the growing gap between academic and activist understandings of sexual diversity and rights?
Beyond the Office Walls: Ethical Challenges of Home Treatment, and Other Out-of-Office Therapies
Authors: Zur Ofer , Trachsel Manuel 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Interactions between patients and therapists outside the walls of the office include different forms, for example, home treatment, outdoor or adventure therapy, and clinical interventions not possible in the office such as in vivo desensitization in the treatment of phobias. Such interactions pose particular ethical questions pertaining to confidentiality, time, location, flexibility, complexity, unpredictability, and safety considerations. Furthermore, they raise complex issues in regard to the standard of care, the acceptability of such intervention and its legitimacy as a reimbursable medical procedure. Professional organizations’ codes of ethics neither specifically mention out-of-office experiences nor state that they are unethical. It is argued that clinically driven, out-of-office interventions with the patient’s welfare in mind are clearly within the standard of care, and are neither unethical per se nor lead to exploitation or harm. Sometimes, not leaving the office can even be unethical as it deprives patients of the best possible care.
Islamic banking
Authors: Boubakri Narjess , Chen Ruiyuan Ryan , Guedhami Omrane , Li Xinming 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe last two decades have witnessed a tremendous global growth in Islamic finance and banking, mainly prompted by the global financial crisis. This growth has been accompanied by an increasing interest among researchers, policymakers, managers of financial institutions, and the public about the functionalities of the Islamic banking system and how it differs from conventional banking. Against this backdrop, we start this chapter with an overview and assessment of the practice of Islamic banking around the world. Then, we discuss its primary characteristics, including its underlying principles and common financial products. Next, we review the key findings in the empirical literature on the differences between Islamic and conventional banking at the micro and macro levels. We conclude with a discussion of avenues for future research.
Bank Runs and Moral Hazard
Authors: Anginer Deniz , Demirgüç-Kunt Asli 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDeposit insurance is a widely adopted policy to promote financial stability in the banking sector. Deposit insurance helps ensure depositor confidence in the financial system and prevents contagious bank runs, but it also comes with an unintended consequence of encouraging banks to take on excessive risk. In this chapter, we begin with a review of the economic costs and benefits associated with deposit insurance. Drawing on the recent literature, we then review and discuss optimal deposit insurance design and risk-based pricing of insurance premiums. Finally, we discuss the impact of the larger institutional environment on how well deposit insurance schemes work in practice.
Market Discipline in Regulation
Authors: Flannery Mark J. , Bliss Robert R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWith the introduction of Basel II in 2004, “market discipline” became one of the Basel Committee’s three pillars of prudential regulation. Although many academic papers have sought to test for the presence of effective market discipline in banking, few have dealt fully with the question. Effective market discipline involves two distinct steps: monitoring a bank’s condition and influencing it to avoid unacceptably large risks. Both phases of market discipline are necessary; neither one alone sufficient. In this chapter, we provide a careful definition of market discipline, explain how it may complement supervisory efforts to control an institution’s risk-taking, and review the available literature on the efficacy of market discipline. We also discuss how recent changes in supervisory actions toward failing banks has changed the channels through which market discipline will work going forward.