bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cepstral analysis for baseline-insensitive absorption spectroscopy using light sources with pronounced intensity variations
Authors: Goldenstein Christopher S. , Mathews Garrett C. , Cole Ryan K. , Makowiecki Amanda S. , Rieker Gregory B. 
Published: July 2020

This paper presents a data-processing technique that improves the
accuracy and precision of absorption-spectroscopy measurements by
isolating the molecular absorbance signal from errors in the baseline
light intensity (

I
o

) using cepstral analysis. Recently,
cepstral analysis has been used with traditional absorption
spectrometers to create a modified form of the time-domain molecular
free-induction decay (m-FID) signal, which can be analyzed
independently from

I
o

. However, independent analysis of the
molecular signature is not possible when the baseline intensity and
molecular response do not separate well in the time domain, which is
typical when using injection-current-tuned lasers [e.g., tunable diode
and quantum cascade lasers (QCLs)] and other light sources with
pronounced intensity tuning. In contrast, the method presented here is
applicable to virtually all light sources since it determines gas
properties by least-squares fitting a simulated m-FID signal
(comprising an estimated

I
o

and simulated absorbance spectrum) to
the measured m-FID signal in the time domain. This method is
insensitive to errors in the estimated

I
o

, which vary slowly with optical
frequency and, therefore, decay rapidly in the time domain. The
benefits provided by this method are demonstrated via
scanned-wavelength direct-absorption-spectroscopy measurements
acquired with a distributed-feedback (DFB) QCL. The wavelength of a
DFB QCL was scanned across the CO P(0,20) and P(1,14) absorption
transitions at 1 kHz to measure the gas temperature and concentration
of CO. Measurements were acquired in a gas cell and in a laminar
ethylene–air diffusion flame at 1 atm. The measured spectra were
processed using the new m-FID-based method and two traditional
methods, which rely on inferring (instead of rejecting) the baseline
error within the spectral-fitting routine. The m-FID-based method
demonstrated superior accuracy in all cases and a measurement
precision that was

≈

1.5

to 10 times smaller than that
provided using traditional methods.
Gallbladder Adenomyomatosis in an Infant
Authors: Chen Charles B. , Kabbany Mohammad Nasser 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Gallbladder adenomyomatosis is a rare condition that is predominantly seen in adults, and only a few cases have been described in the pediatric population. Although it is generally benign, it may present a diagnostic challenge for physicians. Advances in imaging have led to an increase in its detection. Nevertheless, the characteristics and management of this condition in pediatric patients have not been well described. We present a case of a 6-week-old infant boy who was found to have gallbladder adenomyomatosis.
DIAGNOSTIC PLAY ENDOSCOPY OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT FOR REDUCING STRESS IN CHILDREN AGED FROM 3 TO 7 YEARS
Authors: Loginova Irina Olegovna , Vakhrushev Sergei Gennadievich , Kononenko Irina Olegovna , Vishnyakova Nina Nikolaevna , Sergeevna Yuliya Sergeevna , Smbatyan Armine Smbatovna 
Published: July 2020

Aim. In modern medical and psychological literature, the importance of reducing stress during medical examination of children is explained by the ambivalent characteristics of the modern technological approach: on the one hand, it gives more accurate data on the status of the body, on the other hand, it acts as an additional stressor. This work demonstrates the possibilities of reducing stress during ENT diagnosis in children aged from 3 to 7 years by means of play endoscopy. Materials and methods. Children from 3 to 7 years of age requiring ENT endoscopy (n=30) participated in the study. All children were divided into 2 groups by the pair distribution function. The first group was offered a play endoscopy. Play endoscopy is an ENT endoscopy performed with endoscopic equipment provided with a fairy-tale character (hereinafter the product). Play endoscopy is carried out to reduce stress during consultation and examination (patent application No 2020104836). The second group of children was offered a traditional endoscopic examination. The research was conducted on the premises of the New Technologies Clinic. Results. In the first group, 13% of children showed signs of stress during ENT endoscopy, while in the second group there were 53% of stressed children. In the first group (15 children), 13 children without prevalence of any syndrome chose bright products corresponding to age and gender. Children in the second group were not offered play products. Conclusion. A comprehensive examination of a child requires an increase in the humanitarian component of the treatment process. The method of play endoscopy based on the selection of a toy with its subsequent use with endoscopic equipment has shown its effectiveness. Wider application of this technique for reducing stress in children aged from 3 to 7 years may be the subject of further research.
Resonance index and singular μ-invariant
Authors: Azamov Nurulla , Daniels Tom 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGiven a self-adjoint operator and a relatively trace class perturbation, one can associate the singular spectral shift function – an integer-valued function on the real line which measures the flow of singular spectrum, not only at points outside of the essential spectrum, where it coincides with the classical notion of spectral flow, but at points within the essential spectrum too. The singular spectral shift function coincides with both the total resonance index and the singular μ-invariant. In this paper we give a direct proof of the equality of the total resonance index and singular μ-invariant assuming only the limiting absorption principle and no condition of trace class type – a context in which the existence of the singular spectral shift function is an open question. The proof is based on an application of the argument principle to the poles and zeros of the analytic continuation of the scattering matrix considered as a function of the coupling parameter.
Antifungal activity of selected volatile essential oils against Penicillium sp.
Authors: Felšöciová Soňa , Vukovic Nenad , Jeżowski Paweł , Kačániová Miroslava 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPhytopathogenic fungi have been responsible for considerable economic losses in vineyards, and therefore, more attention should be paid to the development and implementation of preventative treatment that is environmentally friendly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of ten essential oils (EOs) (viz. Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Carum carvi L., Pinus mugo var. pumilio, Mentha piperita L., Foeniculum vulgare L., Pinus sylvestris L., Satureja hortensis L., Origanum vulgare L., Pimpinella anisum L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L.). For the antifungal activity evaluation against Penicillium brevicompactum, P. citrinum, P. crustosum, P. expansum, P. funiculosum, P. glabrum, P. chrysogenum, P. oxalicum, P. polonicum and Talaromyces purpurogenus a disc diffusion method was used. The ten EOs exhibited different antifungal properties. Three tested EOs (Carum carvi L., Satureja hortensis L. and Pimpinella anisum L.) at concentrations of 0.75, 0.50, 0.25 and 0.125 µL/mL showed antifungal activity, inhibiting the mycelial growth. The Origanum vulgare L. EOs exhibited a lower level of inhibition. Overall, Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Pinus mugo var. pumilio, Mentha piperita L., Foeniculum vulgare L., Pinus sylvestris L., Satureja hortensis L., Pimpinella anisum L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. were effective as fungicidal agents but their efficiency varied between the strains of fungi. Carum carvi L. showed strong antifungal activity against all tested strains at both full strength and reduced concentrations. These EOs could be considered as potential sources of antifungal compounds for treating plant fungal diseases.
Upregulation of miR-150-5p alleviates LPS-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages by targeting Notch1
Authors: Deng Xiaoyan , Lin Zhixing , Zuo Chao , Fu Yanjie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCirculating miR-150-5p has been identified as a prognostic marker in patients with critical illness and sepsis. Herein, we aimed to further explore the role and underlying mechanism of miR-150-5p in sepsis. Quantitative real-time-PCR assay was performed to detect the expression of miR-150-5p upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in RAW264.7 cells. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β were measured by ELISA assay. Cell apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry. Western blot was used to assess notch receptor 1 (Notch1) expression in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to validate the target of miR-150-5p. Our data showed that miR-150-5p was downregulated and Notch1 was upregulated in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. miR-150-5p overexpression or Notch1 silencing alleviated LPS-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis in RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, Notch1 was a direct target of miR-150-5p. Notch1 abated miR-150-5p-mediated anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells. miR-150-5p alleviated LPS-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis at least partly by targeting Notch1 in RAW264.7 cells, highlighting miR-150-5p as a target in the development of anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis drugs for sepsis treatment.
Carbonatites from the Southern Brazilian platform: I
Authors: Speziale Sergio , Castorina Francesca , Censi Paolo , Gomes Celso de Barros , Marques Leila Soares , Comin-Chiaramonti Piero 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe present a comprehensive overview of the geochemical characteristics and evolution of the carbonatites from the southern Brazilian Platform (Paraná Basin). The carbonatites from different complexes display large compositional variability in terms of abundances of incompatible and rare earth elements. This is in agreement with an origin from heterogeneous lithospheric sources, as confirmed by isotopic data (see Speziale et al., this issue). The characteristic major and trace element abundances of these carbonatites present compelling evidence for invoking liquid unmixing as the main mechanism of their formation and evolution albeit few exceptions. We propose an evolutionary trend for the Brazilian carbonatites, which can be summarized as following: exsolution of the primary Ca- or Mg-carbonatitic liquids systematically takes place at the phonolite-peralkaline phonolite stage of magma differentiation; this is followed by progressive Fe-enrichment and by final emplacement of fluorocarbonatites associated with hydrothermal fluids.
Distribution characteristics of typical geological relics in the Western Sichuan Plateau
Authors: Wang Qizhong , Li Zhongquan , Yin Yuan , Yang Shuang , Long Wei , Lai Fang , Hu Jinmiao 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Western Sichuan Plateau (WSP), located in the eastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, is the most strongly deformed region of the continental crust in China. Frequent tectonic movements shape the unique topography and landform of the WSP and have also produced abundant geological heritage resources. Based on the existing geological heritage survey data in Sichuan Province, the nearest index analysis method of employing a regional spatial point model was used to reveal the distribution rules and the genetic mechanism of typical geological relics in the WSP for the first time. Results indicate that the formation and distribution of geological relics in the WSP are generally controlled by tectonic movement and supplemented by the comprehensive action of external forces such as flowing water. Their distribution shows a condensed spatial distribution pattern and extends along the strike of a fault zone and river strike strip. Finally, based on the characteristics of geological relics in the WSP, some suggestions on the protection and development of regional geological relics were put forward.
Green approach in fabrication of photocatalytic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant zinc oxide nanoparticles – hydrothermal synthesis using clove hydroalcoholic extract and optimization of the process
Authors: Anvarinezhad Mahvash , Javadi Afshin , Jafarizadeh-Malmiri Hoda 
Published: July 2020

AbstractZinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were hydrothermally fabricated, using hydroalcoholic clove extract. GC-MS analysis demonstrated that Eugenol is the main bioactive compound of the prepared extract. Experiments were designed, based on the central composite design. The effects of different amounts of zinc nitrate (2–6 g) and clove extract (10–30 mL) were evaluated for antioxidant and bactericidal properties of the formed ZnO NPs using the response surface methodology. The attained results demonstrated that more desirable NPs with maximum antioxidant activity (85.23%) and bactericidal effect, against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, as manifested in the diameter of formed clear zones of 11.12 and 12.11 mm, respectively, were resulted using 3.98 g of the zinc salt and 20.30 mL of the clove extract. Furthermore, XRD and SEM analysis results revealed that the fabricated ZnO NPs had a hexagonal shape with a particle size of 50 nm and could degrade 70% of methylene blue during UV radiation.
Multiresonant plasmonic nanostructure for ultrasensitive fluorescence biosensing
Authors: Fossati Stefan , Hageneder Simone , Menad Samia , Maillart Emmanuel , Dostalek Jakub 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A novel metallic nanostructure for efficient plasmon-enhanced fluorescence readout of biomolecular binding events on the surface of a solid sensor chip is reported. It is based on gold multiperiod plasmonic grating (MPG) that supports spectrally narrow plasmonic resonances centered at multiple distinct wavelengths. They originate from diffraction coupling to propagating surface plasmons (SPs) forming a delocalized plasmonic hotspot associated with enhanced electromagnetic field intensity and local density of optical states at its surface. The supported SP resonances are tailored to couple with the excitation and emission transitions of fluorophores that are conjugated with the biomolecules and serve as labels. By the simultaneous coupling at both excitation and emission wavelengths, detected fluorescence intensity is enhanced by the factor of 300 at the MPG surface, which when applied for the readout of fluorescence immunoassays translates to a limit of detection of 6 fM within detection time of 20 min. The proposed approach is attractive for parallel monitoring of kinetics of surface reactions in microarray format arranged on a macroscopic footprint. The readout by epi-fluorescence geometry (that inherently relies on low numerical aperture optics for the imaging of the arrays) can particularly take advantage of the reported MPG. In addition, the proposed MPG nanostructure can be prepared in scaled up means by UV-nanoimprint lithography for future practical applications.
Development of a generic framework for lumped parameter modeling
Authors: Yang Shuo , Amara Yacine , Hua Wei , Barakat Georges 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to present a generic reluctance network modeling tool dedicated to the modeling of electrical machines. This tool is used for the study of permanent magnet machines. The focus will be on the modeling methodology and software implementation. More precisely, the aspects related to genericity will be discussed. In order to validate the developed tool, the simulation of a 12 slot/10 pole flux-switching permanent magnet machine is conducted, and the results obtained from this generic framework are compared to the corresponding finite element analysis.
Machine Learning for Neural Decoding
Authors: Glaser Joshua I. , Benjamin Ari S. , Chowdhury Raeed H. , Perich Matthew G. , Miller Lee E. , Kording Konrad P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDespite rapid advances in machine learning tools, the majority of neural decoding approaches still use traditional methods. Modern machine learning tools, which are versatile and easy to use, have the potential to significantly improve decoding performance. This tutorial describes how to effectively apply these algorithms for typical decoding problems. We provide descriptions, best practices, and code for applying common machine learning methods, including neural networks and gradient boosting. We also provide detailed comparisons of the performance of various methods at the task of decoding spiking activity in motor cortex, somatosensory cortex, and hippocampus. Modern methods, particularly neural networks and ensembles, significantly outperform traditional approaches, such as Wiener and Kalman filters. Improving the performance of neural decoding algorithms allows neuroscientists to better understand the information contained in a neural population and can help to advance engineering applications such as brain–machine interfaces. Our code package is available atgithub.com/kordinglab/neural_decoding.
TEACHER EDUCATOR’S PERCEPTIONS OF THE ELT METHODOLOGY COURSE CONTENT SUFFICIENCY: ACTION RESEARCH
Authors: ROMANYSHYN Ihor 
Published: July 2020

In the article, the author describes the procedures and results of the implementation of the pedagogical technology – the design and delivery of the three-hour session ‘Introduction to Communicative Language Teaching and the History of Method’ to the second-year pre-service English teachers at Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ukraine aimed at enhancing students’ understanding of basic ELT concepts and becoming prepared for the new methodology content to be covered in the spring term of the academic year of 2019/2020. The study is based on the material of the experimental Core Curriculum “English Language Teaching Methodology. Bachelor’s Level” implemented within the framework of the joint project of the British Council Ukraine and the Ministry of Science and Education of Ukraine “New Generation School Teacher”. The author applied the research methods of comparison, generalisation, synthesis, induction and deduction, as well as carried out the classroom action research using such instruments for qualitative and quantitative data collection as teacher classroom observations, student surveys, and student self-assessment checklists. The analysis of the obtained results demonstrates that the suggested pedagogical technology (materials, activities, methods/techniques, interaction of the subjects of educational process, etc.) helped the teacher educator and students to reach the objectives of the experimental study. The results of the study might be useful for the wider community of pre-service English language teacher educators in Ukraine and beyond.
THE CONTENT AND PECULIARITIES OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF EDUCATORS OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS
Authors: ATROSHENKO Tetiana , BOBYRIEVA Olena 
Published: July 2020

The article has been devoted to the theoretical substantiation of content and peculiarities of professional competence of educators of preschool educational environment. Based on the analysis of scientific sources and the characteristics of the definition of "competence", we have defined the professional competence of educators as an ability to successfully pursue professional activity on the basis of available theoretical knowledge and practical experience, using innovative knowledge and skills in solving problems of education, upbringing and development of preschoolers. It has been noted that the content of professional competence of preschool educators is determined by the peculiarities of their activity and is characterized by certain indicators; the professional competence of the preschool educator, as a systemic phenomenon, includes a set of competencies that are characterized by the authors.
CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF PEDAGOGICAL TRAINING A HIGHER SCHOOL TEACHER IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN EDUCATIONAL CHALLENGES
Authors: RAVCHYNA Tetyana 
Published: July 2020

On the basis of analyzing the problems of the higher school teacher’s pedagogical activity through the eyes of higher education postgraduate students the article surveys the essence and peculiarities of the student-centered conception as the methodological basis of organizing the educational process in the context of pedagogical training the prospective higher school teachers; it highlights the principles of education in terms of this approach. The author outlines the conceptual ideas of the student-centered approach: organizing the educational process as the cognitive activity of students by means of cognitive strategies and metacognition, presenting higher education content in professional and social contexts by using the authentic sources and activity, organizing the educational process on the basis of subject-subject interaction of higher school teacher and students based on a dialogue.
COMPETENCE BULDING OF BASIC SECONDARY EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: ZEMAN Ivanna 
Published: July 2020

The article explores the process of competence building of basic secondary education students. The professionals who are good at life-long learning, critical thinking, goal-setting and goal-achieving are highly required in the job market of the 21st century. One of the most important teacher’s tasks lies in proper development of life competencies which are essential for successful self-fulfillment, education and labour. A growing number of schools tend to offer a range of competencies as a visiting card by adapting their offers to the educators’ needs, providing consultations and teacher trainings for the purpose of maximizing their teaching level.
CALCULATION METHODS IN THE MATHEMATICS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors: ROMANYSHYN Ruslana 
Published: July 2020

The article deals with theoretical and methodical analysis of the problem of the formation of mental calculations and their result – computational skills. General classifications of calculation methods are determined. It has been found that to perform mental calculations a student may use not only one method of calculation but a number of ways of thinking different in theoretical foundations.
In our study, following the groups of methods of calculation identified by M. Bantova and S. Skvortsova, we attributed to each group of techniques certain techniques that are studied in elementary school.
Obviously, the addressed methods are offered in the course of mathematics in a certain sequence, following the logic of expanding the content of learning. Therefore, in the Concentration “Ten” when performing calculations, students should have in the arsenal certain ways of thinking. They are as follows: They can act on the basis of knowledge of the composition of the number and the essence of the arithmetic actions of addition and subtraction (the first group of techniques); When adding and subtracting number 1, they can act on the basis of knowing the order of the numbers in the natural sequence (the fifth group of techniques); When adding and subtracting the numbers of the first five, children can perform the calculations in parts (the sixth group of techniques); Addition of numbers 6-9 can be carried out on the basis of the permutation law of addition (the second group of techniques); One can subtract the numbers 6-9 based on the correlation of the arithmetic actions of addition and subtraction (the second group of techniques).
In addition to the computational techniques we have analyzed, most of which are compulsory in elementary school mathematics, we also consider the need of the methods of rational calculations in our research perspective.