bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Magellanic Province and its fish fauna (South America): Several provinces or one?
Authors: Cousseau María B. , Pequeño Germán , Mabragaña Ezequiel , Lucifora Luis O. , Martínez Patricia , Giussi Analía 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimWe assessed the validity of the division of the Magellanic Province into the four provinces as proposed by Briggs & Bowen (J Biogeogr 39 12–30, 2012): Southern Chile, Tierra del Fuego, Southern Argentina and Falkland (Malvinas) Islands. We aimed to (a) present an updated list of the fishes from the region known as ‘Magellanic Province’, (b) analyse the specific richness of fishes in the Atlantic and Pacific sectors and their degree of endemism and (c) evaluate statistically the validity of the three Provinces proposed for the Atlantic sector.LocationSouthern tip of the American continent at latitudes higher than 40° S in the Atlantic as well as in the Pacific Oceans.Taxon348 South American marine fish species.MethodsThe list of fishes was prepared by consulting more than 140 sources, many related to observations resulting from research cruises, although two ichthyological collections and two ichthyological websites were also used. The South American species with distributions extending outside of the area corresponding to the Magellanic Province, and all cosmopolitan species, were excluded of endemism analyses. For analysing fish distributions in the Atlantic sector, the data employed are from eight research cruises carried out from 1978 to 2006 from 37° to 55° south. A total of 523 fishing trawls have been analysed, grouped into cell of 1° × 1° cells. The species composition of each cell was evaluated by multivariate analysis (non‐metric multidimensional scaling, cluster and similarity analyses).ResultsThe percentage of endemism in each sector (Atlantic 2.87% and Pacific 2.87%) is smaller than the endemism common to both sectors (9.2%). The total of endemic species in the Province is 14.94%, which is bigger than the 10% indicated as the lower limit for defining a biogeographic province suggested by Briggs (Marine Zoogeography, 1974). In addition, multivariate analyses do not show differences in the species composition, neither between Falkland (Malvinas) Islands and ‘Southern Argentina’ nor between the latter and Tierra del Fuego.Main conclusionsThe ichthyological data indicate only one biogeographic province in the region not four as previously posited.
Protective mechanism of SIRT1 on Hcy‐induced atrial fibrosis mediated by TRPC3
Authors: Han Lu , Tang Yanhua , Li Shaochuan , Wu Yanqing , Chen Xiaoshu , Wu Qinghua , Hong Kui , Li Juxiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHigh plasma levels of homocysteine (Hcy) are regarded as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF), which is closely associated with the pathological consequence of atrial fibrosis and can lead to heart failure with a high mortality rate; here, we show that atrial fibrosis is mediated by the relationship between canonical transient receptor potential 3 (TRPC3) channels and sirtuin type 1 (SIRT1) under the stimulation of Hcy. The left atrial appendage was obtained from patients with either sinus rhythm (SR) or AF and used to evaluate the relationship between the concentration of Hcy and a potential mechanism of cardiac fibrosis mediated by TRPC3 and SIRT1. We next performed transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mouse to investigate the relationship. The mechanisms underlying atrial fibrosis involving TRPC3 and SIRT1 proteins were explored by co‐IP, BLI and lentivirus transfection experiments. qPCR and WB were performed to analyse gene and protein expression, respectively. The higher level of atrial fibrosis was observed in the HH mouse group with a high Hcy diet. Such results suggest that AF patients may be more susceptible to atrial fibrosis and possess a high probability of progressing to hyperhomocysteinemia. Moreover, our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that TRPC3 channel up‐regulation leads to abnormal accumulation of collagen, with the down‐regulation of SIRT1 as an aetiological factor of high Hcy, which in turn predisposes to atrial fibrosis and strongly enhances the possibility of AF.
Inhibition of miR‐21 alleviated cardiac perivascular fibrosis via repressing EndMT in T1DM
Authors: Li Qianqian , Yao Yufeng , Shi Shumei , Zhou Mengchen , Zhou Yingchao , Wang Mengru , Chiu Jeng‐Jiann , Huang Zhengrong , Zhang Weili , Liu Min , Wang Qing , Tu Xin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, increased cardiac fibrosis, stiffness and associated diastolic dysfunction may be the earliest pathological phenomena in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Endothelial‐mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in endothelia cells (ECs) is a critical cellular phenomenon that increases cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) and cardiac fibrosis in diabetic hearts. The purpose of this paper is to explore the molecular mechanism of miR‐21 regulating EndMT and cardiac perivascular fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy. In vivo, hyperglycaemia up‐regulated the mRNA level of miR‐21, aggravated cardiac dysfunction and collagen deposition. The condition was recovered by inhibition of miR‐21 following with improving cardiac function and decreasing collagen deposition. miR‐21 inhibition decreased cardiac perivascular fibrosis by suppressing EndMT and up‐regulating SMAD7 whereas activating p‐SMAD2 and p‐SMAD3. In vitro, high glucose (HG) up‐regulated miR‐21 and induced EndMT in ECs, which was decreased by inhibition of miR‐21. A highly conserved binding site of NF‐κB located in miR‐21 5′‐UTR was identified. In ECs, SMAD7 is directly regulated by miR‐21. In conclusion, the pathway of NF‐κB/miR‐21/SMAD7 regulated the process of EndMT in T1DM, in diabetic cardiomyopathy, which may be regarded as a potential clinical therapeutic target for cardiac perivascular fibrosis.
Association between periodontal inflammation and hypertension using periodontal inflamed surface area and bleeding on probing
Authors: Pietropaoli Davide , Del Pinto Rita , Ferri Claudio , Marzo Giuseppe , Giannoni Mario , Ortu Eleonora , Monaco Annalisa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimPeriodontitis is a relapsing–remitting disease. Compared with bleeding on probing (BoP), expression of disease activity, periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA), incorporates chronic disease parameters. We tested the association of PISA and BoP with blood pressure (BP) in NHANES III.Materials and methodsA total of 8,614 subjects (≥30 years) with complete periodontal and BP examinations were enrolled. PISA was derived from periodontal probing depth and BoP. The association of PISA and BoP with high/uncontrolled BP was examined by multiple‐adjusted models. Inflammatory markers were tested as possible mediators. A machine learning (ML) approach was used to define the relative importance of PISA and BoP and estimate the power of BP status prediction.ResultsCompared to no inflammation, severe PISA and BoP were associated with 43% (p < .001) and 32% (p = .006) higher odds of high/uncontrolled BP (≥130/80 mmHg), and with higher systolic BP by ≈4 (p < .001) and 5 (p < .001) mmHg, respectively. Inflammatory markers appeared to mediate this association with various extents, without threshold effect. BoP predicted high/uncontrolled BP more efficiently than PISA using ML.ConclusionPISA and BoP describe the association of periodontal inflammation and hypertension with subtle differences. The contribution of local inflammation to the global inflammatory burden might explain the observed findings.
“Sometimes you wonder, is this really true?”: Clinician assessment of patients' subjective experience of pain
Authors: Ahluwalia Sangeeta C. , Giannitrapani Karleen F. , Dobscha Steven K. , Cromer Risa , Lorenz Karl A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundPain is a subjective experience that must be translated by clinicians into an objective assessment to guide intervention.ObjectiveTo understand how patients' subjective experience of pain is translated by primary care clinicians into an objective clinical assessment of pain to effectively guide intervention.MethodsWe conducted nine multidisciplinary focus groups with a combined total of 60 Veteran affair (VA) primary care providers and staff from two large VA medical centers in California and Oregon. We used content analysis methods to identify key themes pertaining to clinical assessment of a subjective experience.ResultsWe present four emergent themes. Theme 1: Pain is a highly individualized and subjective experience not adequately captured by a simple numeric scale; Theme 2: Conflict commonly exists between the patient's reported experience of pain and the clinician's observations and expectations of pain; Theme 3: Providers attempt to recalibrate the patient's reported experience to reflect their own understanding of pain; and Theme 4: Providers perceive that some patients may overreport their pain because they do not know how to standardize their subjective experience.ConclusionsA persistent challenge to pain assessment and management is how clinicians reconcile a patient's subjective self‐reported experience with their own clinical assessment and personal biases. Future work should explore these themes from the patient perspective.
Soft tissue changes after connective tissue grafts around immediately placed and restored dental implants in the esthetic zone: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Atieh Momen A. , Alsabeeha Nabeel H. M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to evaluate the soft tissue outcomes of connective tissue graft (CTG) combined with immediate implant placement and restoration (IIPR) in the esthetic zone.Materials and methodsFollowing the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses (PRISMA) statement, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched for in electronic databases and complemented by hand searching. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool and data were analyzed using statistical software.ResultsA total of 180 studies were identified, of which, four trials were included with 144 implant sites in 144 participants. Overall meta‐analysis showed that CTG in conjunction with IIPR had a significantly greater gingival thickness than IIPR alone. The IIPR with CTG had less recession and higher esthetic pink score compared to IIPR group, but the difference was not statistically significant. No significant differences in implant failure rate were found between IIPR with and without CTG.ConclusionsThe use of CTG in conjunction with IIPR in the esthetic zone significantly improved the thickness of the gingival tissues compared to IIPR without CTG. No significant differences were observed in the level of soft tissues around immediately placed implants with or without CTG.Clinical significanceThe use of connective tissue graft with IIPR can be considered to improve the soft tissue profile and minimize mucosal recession in esthetic zone.
A roll‐type corona discharge–electrostatic separator for separating wheat grain and straw particles
Authors: Jafari Mohammad , Chegini Gholamreza , Shayegani Akmal Amir A. , Rezaeealam Behrooz 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDifferent methods such as mechanical, pneumatic, and electrical techniques have been used in the separation process of impurities from agricultural products. In electrical systems, three methods, that is, triboelectrostatic, free fall, and roll type with high‐voltage corona discharge electrodes, are usually used. In the present study, separation trajectory of grain and wheat straw are firstly predicted using simulation of roll‐type corona system configuration in COMSOL Multiphysics and MATLAB. Experimental tests are conducted to determine the separation performance of a roll‐type corona apparatus with 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 kV voltages at 50, 70, and 90 rpm drum rotational speeds. The simulation results showed that the trajectory of the grain particles deviated from that of straw when the voltage increased from 10 to 30 kV as well as increasing the rotational speed from 50 to  90 rpm. Although the rotational speed of 70 rpm resulted in a good separation of grains from straw particles, increasing the speed to 90 rpm not only did not improve the separation performance but also caused a dispersal of the particles and reduced the separation quality. The simulation results were in good accordance with the experimental results obtained from the developed prototype.Practical applicationsThe results of this study can be used in configuration optimization design of “Corona Type Cylindrical Electrostatic Separation” for separating seed and straw in agriculture production, especially where they cannot be separated by conventional methods.
Low‐dose and same day use of polyethylene glycol improves image of video capsule endoscopy: A multi‐center randomized clinical trial
Authors: Wu Shan , Zhong Liang , Zheng Ping , Wang Yu‐Gang , Ding Wei‐Qun , Yu Qi , Hui Ping‐Ping , Chen Hui‐Min , Gao Yun‐Jie , Ge Zhi‐Zheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackground and AimClear visualization of the small bowel is a requirement for satisfactory video capsule endoscopy (VCE). The aim of this study was to identify the optimal dose and timing of polyethylene glycol (PEG) for small bowel preparation before VCE.MethodsA total of 410 patients were enrolled in this prospective randomized trial. All patients fasted for 12 h and ingested 320 mg simethicone 30 min before swallowing the capsule. Patients were randomized into five groups: Group A (no PEG), Group B (1‐L PEG, 12 h before VCE), Group C (2‐L PEG, 12 h before VCE), Group D (1‐L PEG, 4 h before VCE), and Group E (2‐L PEG, 4 h before VCE). The primary endpoint was small bowel visualization quality (SBVQ), and the secondary endpoints were patient acceptability and diagnosis rate of VCE.ResultsExcellent SBVQ was achieved in 27 (32.5%) of Group A, 38 (46.3%) of Group B, 40 (48.2%) of Group C, 55 (66.3%) of Group D, and 43 (54.4%) of Group E. The percentage of excellent SBVQ in Group D was significantly more than in Group A (66.3% vs 32.5%, P < 0.001), and diagnostic rate in the distal segment was higher (28.9% vs 10.8%, P = 0.0035). Patient acceptance of 1‐L PEG was better than of 2‐L PEG (P < 0.005).ConclusionSmall bowel cleansing with 1‐L PEG given 4 h before VCE was the optimal preparation for visualization of the bowel and patient acceptance (ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT02486536).
Traffic‐derived air pollution compromises skin barrier function and stratum corneum redox status: A population study
Authors: Huang Nan , Mi Tingyan , Xu Simin , Dadd Tony , Ye Xu , Chen Guoqiang , Du Yaping , Santhanam Uma 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundSince air pollution is only one of many environmental stressors that can affect skin, it has been challenging to identify skin appearance or functional features profoundly affected by chronic exposure to traffic‐derived air pollution.AimsThe current population study focused on taxi drivers working in urban and rural areas in order to take advantage of difference in occupational exposure.MethodsThe skin conditions of 100 middle‐aged male taxi drivers from urban Shanghai and 66 from rural Chongming were measured with facial tape strips were collected for biomarker analyses.ResultsTrans‐epidermal water loss (TEWL) values before and after tape stripping were considerably higher in urban taxi drivers from Shanghai. Contrary to previous studies, there was no apparent detrimental effect on skin wrinkle or pigmentation from traffic pollution, which might be attributed to the higher than general public level of photo‐exposure in this population. At the same time, pollution exposure especially the heavy traffic pollution exposure was found to associate with lower stratum corneum trypsin‐like enzyme activity (SCTE), reduced catalase activity and total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) in tape strips.ConclusionThe evidence suggests that traffic‐derived air pollution could deteriorate skin's physical and antioxidant barrier, whereas factors like photo‐exposure can be overwhelming against appearance aging. Therefore, in addition to photoprotection, skin barrier care should be considered for people with high air pollution exposure.
p16INK4a as a proliferation marker unrelated to HPV expression in odontogenic cysts and tumors
Authors: Hakeem Abdulaziz , Fitzpatrick Sarah G. , Gonsalves Catherine A. , Isom James , Islam Mohammed N. , Bhattacharyya Indraneel , Cohen Donald M. , Drew Peter A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIntroductionp16INK4a is a tumor suppressor protein that retards cell cycle progression from G1 to S phase. Prior studies have evaluated p16INK4a expression in odontogenic keratocyst and ameloblastoma, but data regarding other odontogenic cysts and tumors have been sparse.MethodsWith IRB approval, cases from the following entities were identified from archives of the UF Oral Pathology Biopsy Service (2005‐2015): benign incidental odontogenic rest, dentigerous cyst, lateral periodontal cyst, calcifying odontogenic cyst, glandular odontogenic cyst, odontogenic keratocyst, orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor, and ameloblastoma. All cases were submitted for p16INK4a immunohistochemical testing.ResultsResults were scored as follows: nuclear and cytoplasmic staining of <5% cells (score 0), 5%‐25% (score 1), 25%‐50% (score 2), >50% (score 3). No significant difference in p16INK4a staining was noted between odontogenic cysts and the listed odontogenic tumors (chi‐square, P = .540). When comparing lesions with higher recurrence rates (over 25% as reported in the literature) versus lesions with low recurrence rates (under 25%), higher recurrence correlated to significantly higher p16INK4a positivity (chi‐square, P = .001). Follow‐up testing was performed on 18 cases with “2” or “3” p16INK4a expression scores for high‐risk HPV strains through HPV in situ hybridization (ISH) messenger RNA testing with no cases exhibiting a positive result.ConclusionThis study exhibits an association between increased p16INK4a positivity and odontogenic lesions with higher recurrence rates and highlights the role of p16INK4a as a progression marker unrelated to HPV expression in this group of pathologic entities.
Effects of replacing dietary fish oil with beef tallow on growth performance, serological parameters, and fatty acid composition in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus
Authors: Lee Seunghyung , Aya Frolan A. , Won Seonghun , Hamidoghli Ali , Bai Sungchul C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of replacing fish oil (FO) with beef tallow (BT) in juvenile olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (3.93 ± 0.07 g), over 8 weeks. Seven diets, consisting of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% replacement of FO with BT and 63 and 75.9% replacement supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) at 0.9 and 1.1% of 100 g diet, respectively, were distributed into 21 tanks in a semi‐recirculation system with 15 fish per tank. The replacement of FO with BT at the given levels showed no significant changes (p > .05) in growth performance and whole‐body proximate composition. Fish fed the diet of 75.9% replacement with 1.1% DHA supplementation showed the best performance in these measurements among the treatments. Plasma glutamic pyruvic transaminase, cholesterol, high‐ and low‐density lipoproteins, and total protein were not significantly influenced by the replacement of FO with BT. The FO replacement generally resulted in a reduction of eicosapentaenoic acid, DHA, and n‐3/n‐6 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio in the whole body, whereas the DHA supplementation recovered the level of DHA and the n‐3/n‐6 ratio to those observed in the group fed the 0% replacement diet. Taken together, BT along with DHA supplementation can potentially be a cost‐effective alternative for FO in olive flounder culture.
Effect of a peptide complex on the defense mechanism of shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus against pathogens and changes in environmental parameters
Authors: Linh Nguyen T. H. , Sudhakaran Raja , Itami Toshiaki , Taoka Yousuke 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study examines the effect of a peptide complex extracted from chicken egg yolk on the action of the immune system of kuruma shrimp, Marsupenaeus japonicus, on pathogens as well as changes in environmental parameters. In the design of three independent experiments, we defined the treated shrimp or the control shrimp as shrimp receiving diet with or without peptide complex administration, respectively. In the first experiment, the shrimp were challenged by Vibrio sp. after 1 week of feeding; the results showed that the survival rates of the treated shrimp were 69%. In the other experiments, the shrimp were exposed to low salinity or high temperature to analyze the changes in various immunological parameters. In a low‐salinity test, results showed that the total hemocyte count (THC) of the treated group was significantly higher than that of the control group within 24 hr. In a high‐temperature test, THC and phenoloxidase activity of the shrimp in the treated group displayed significantly higher values than that in the control group during 48 hr. In short, the administration of the peptide complex was significantly effective in the prevention of disease and enhancement of the tolerance of kuruma shrimp to environmental changes.
Distinct metabolism of N‐glucosides of isopentenyladenine and trans‐zeatin determines cytokinin metabolic spectrum in Arabidopsis
Authors: Hošek Petr , Hoyerová Klára , Kiran Nagavalli S. , Dobrev Petre I. , Zahajská Lenka , Filepová Roberta , Motyka Václav , Müller Karel , Kamínek Miroslav 
Published: November 2019

Summary

The diversity of cytokinin (CK) metabolites suggests their interconversions are the predominant regulatory mechanism of CK action. Nevertheless, little is known about their directionality and kinetics in planta.

CK metabolite levels were measured in 2‐wk‐old Arabidopsis thaliana plants at several time points up to 100 min following exogenous application of selected CKs. The data were then evaluated qualitatively and by mathematical modeling.

Apart from elevated levels of trans‐zeatin (tZ) metabolites upon application of N6‐(Δ2‐isopentenyl)adenine (iP), we observed no conversions between the individual CK‐types – iP, tZ, dihydrozeatin (DHZ) and cis‐zeatin (cZ). In particular, there was no sign of isomerization between tZ and cZ families. Also, no increase of DHZ‐type CKs was observed after application of tZ, suggesting low baseline activity of zeatin reductase. Among N‐glucosides, those of iP were not converted back to iP while tZ N‐glucosides were cleaved to tZ bases, thus affecting the whole metabolic spectrum.

We present the first large‐scale study of short‐term CK metabolism kinetics and show that tZ N7‐ and N9‐glucosides are metabolized in vivo. We thus refute the generally accepted hypothesis that N‐glucosylation irreversibly inactivates CKs. The subsequently constructed mathematical model provides estimates of the metabolic conversion rates.