bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of tumor and vessel motion correlation in the liver
Authors: Jupitz Sydney A. , Shepard Andrew J. , Hill Patrick M. , Bednarz Bryan P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntrafraction imaging‐based motion management systems for external beam radiotherapy can rely on internal surrogate structures when the target is not easily visualized. This work evaluated the validity of using liver vessels as internal surrogates for the estimation of liver tumor motion. Vessel and tumor motion were assessed using ten two‐dimensional sagittal MR cine datasets collected on the ViewRay MRIdian. For each case, a liver tumor and at least one vessel were tracked for 175 s. A tracking approach utilizing block matching and multiple simultaneous templates was applied. Accuracy of the tracked motion was calculated from the error between the tracked centroid position and manually defined ground truth annotations. The patient’s abdomen surface and diaphragm were manually annotated in all frames. The Pearson correlation coefficient (CC) was used to compare the motion of the features and tumor in the anterior–posterior (AP) and superior–inferior (SI) directions. The distance between the centroids of the features and the tumors was calculated to assess if feature proximity affects relative correlation, and the tumor range of motion was determined. Intra‐ and interfraction motion amplitude variabilities were evaluated to further assess the relationship between tumor and feature motion. The mean CC between the motion of the vessel and the tumor were 0.85 ± 0.11 (AP) and 0.92 ± 0.04 (SI), 0.83 ± 0.11 (AP) and −0.89 ± 0.06 (SI) for the surface and tumor, and 0.80 ± 0.17 (AP) and 0.94 ± 0.03 (SI) for the diaphragm and tumor. For intrafraction analysis, the average amplitude variability was 2.47 ± 0.77 mm (AP) and 3.14 ± 1.49 mm (SI) for the vessels, 2.70 ± 1.08 mm (AP) and 3.43 ± 1.73 mm (SI) for the surface, and 2.76 ± 1.41 mm (AP) and 2.91 ± 1.38 mm (SI) for the diaphragm. No relationship between distance and motion correlation was observed. The motion of liver tumors and liver vessels was well correlated, making vessels a suitable surrogate for tumor motion in the liver.
The predictive validity of belief in future occurrence
Authors: D'Argembeau Arnaud , Garcia Jimenez Claudia 
Published: June 2020

SummaryProspection is associated, in varying degrees, with a sense that imagined events will (or will not) happen in the future—referred to as belief in future occurrence. The present research investigated to what extent this belief is justified and predicts the actual occurrence of events in the future. In two studies, participants rated their belief in the future occurrence of events imagined to happen in the coming month (Study 1) or week (Study 2), and the actual occurrence of events was then assessed. Results showed that the odds of event occurrence were about 2 times higher with an increase of 1 unit on the belief scale. Belief was particularly pronounced for temporally close events and was largely determined by the congruence of events with autobiographical knowledge. These results suggest that belief in future occurrence has some truth value and may inform decisions and actions.
Electro‐Optic Upconversion in van der Waals Heterostructures via Nonequilibrium Photocarrier Tunneling
Authors: Linardy Eric , Trushin Maxim , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Eda Goki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUltrafast interlayer charge transfer is one of the most distinct features of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures. Its dynamics competes with carrier thermalization such that the energy of nonthermalized photocarriers may be harnessed by band engineering. In this study, nonthermalized photocarrier energy is harnessed to achieve near‐infrared (NIR) to visible light upconversion in a metal–insulator–semiconductor (MIS) vdW heterostructure tunnel diode consisting of few‐layer graphene (FLG), hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and monolayer tungsten disulfide (WS2). Photoexcitation of the electrically biased heterostructure with 1.58 eV NIR laser in the linear absorption regime generates emission from the ground exciton state of WS2, which corresponds to upconversion by ≈370 meV. The upconversion is realized by electrically assisted interlayer transfer of nonthermalized photoexcited holes from FLG to WS2, followed by formation and radiative recombination of excitons in WS2. The photocarrier transfer rate can be described by Fowler–Nordheim tunneling mechanism and is electrically tunable by two orders of magnitude by tuning voltage bias applied to the device. This study highlights the prospects for realizing novel electro‐optic upconversion devices by exploiting electrically tunable nonthermalized photocarrier relaxation dynamics in vdW heterostructures.
Ligand Diffusion Enables Force‐Independent Cell Adhesion via Activating α5β1 Integrin and Initiating Rac and RhoA Signaling
Authors: Yu Leixiao , Hou Yong , Xie Wenyan , Camacho Jose Luis Cuellar , Cheng Chong , Holle Andrew , Young Jennifer , Trappmann Britta , Zhao Weifeng , Melzig Matthias F. , Cavalcanti‐Adam Elisabetta A. , Zhao Changsheng , Spatz Joachim P. , Wei Qiang , Haag Rainer 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCells reside in a dynamic microenvironment in which adhesive ligand availability, density, and diffusivity are key factors regulating cellular behavior. Here, the cellular response to integrin‐binding ligand dynamics by directly controlling ligand diffusivity via tunable ligand–surface interactions is investigated. Interestingly, cell spread on the surfaces with fast ligand diffusion is independent of myosin‐based force generation. Fast ligand diffusion enhances α5β1 but not αvβ3 integrin activation and initiates Rac and RhoA but not ROCK signaling, resulting in lamellipodium‐based fast cell spreading. Meanwhile, on surfaces with immobile ligands, αvβ3 and α5β1 integrins synergistically initiate intracellular‐force‐based canonical mechanotransduction pathways to enhance cell adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. These results indicate the presence of heretofore‐unrecognized pathways, distinct from canonical actomyosin‐driven mechanisms, that are capable of promoting cell adhesion.
Recent Advances in Solid‐State Lighting Devices Using Transition Metal Complexes Exhibiting Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Emission Mechanism
Authors: Mahoro Gilbert Umuhire , Fernandez‐Cestau Julio , Renaud Jean‐Luc , Coto Pedro B. , Costa Rubén D. , Gaillard Sylvain 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis review focuses on the state‐of‐the‐art of solid‐state lighting devices (SSLDs)—that is, organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) and light‐emitting electrochemical cells (LECs)—prepared with transition metal complexes featuring thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) mechanism. First, the TADF mechanism is briefly introduced, as well as the experimental and theoretical methods applied to study TADF in transition metal complexes. Second, the review presents an exhaustive overview of OLED and LEC devices incorporating organometallic TADF emitters. For each type of device, the description of TADF is organized by respective elements focusing on each emission color, that is, blue, green/yellow, orange/red and, if existing, white. Finally, insights and future potential development of organometallic TADF emitters for lighting devices are comprehensively discussed. Overall, this review complements recent ones focused on TADF small molecules applied to the SSLD field.
Quantum Ring in a Magnetic Field: High Harmonic Generation and NOT Logic Gate
Authors: Cricchio Dario , Fiordilino Emilio 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe effect of a static magnetic field on the high harmonic generation (HHG) from a quantum ring driven by one laser polarized along the x‐axis is studied. The spin polarization and the temporal emission of the harmonics are studied by varying the intensity of the magnetic field and it is shown how these results have a significant technological impact in computer technology; in fact a boolean algebra can be implemented by assigning 0 and 1 values to low and high pulse intensities of the emitted harmonics and logic gates like the NOT can be created.
Fully Integrated, Stretchable, Wireless Skin‐Conformal Bioelectronics for Continuous Stress Monitoring in Daily Life
Authors: Kim Hojoong , Kim Yun‐Soung , Mahmood Musa , Kwon Shinjae , Zavanelli Nathan , Kim Hee Seok , Rim You Seung , Epps Fayron , Yeo Woon‐Hong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStress is one of the main causes that increase the risk of serious health problems. Recent wearable devices have been used to monitor stress levels via electrodermal activities on the skin. Although many biosensors provide adequate sensing performance, they still rely on uncomfortable, partially flexible systems with rigid electronics. These devices are mounted on either fingers or palms, which hinders a continuous signal monitoring. A fully‐integrated, stretchable, wireless skin‐conformal bioelectronic (referred to as “SKINTRONICS”) is introduced here that integrates soft, multi‐layered, nanomembrane sensors and electronics for continuous and portable stress monitoring in daily life. The all‐in‐one SKINTRONICS is ultrathin, highly soft, and lightweight, which overall offers an ergonomic and conformal lamination on the skin. Stretchable nanomembrane electrodes and a digital temperature sensor enable highly sensitive monitoring of galvanic skin response (GSR) and temperature. A set of comprehensive signal processing, computational modeling, and experimental study provides key aspects of device design, fabrication, and optimal placing location. Simultaneous comparison with two commercial stress monitors captures the enhanced performance of SKINTRONICS in long‐term wearability, minimal noise, and skin compatibility. In vivo demonstration of continuous stress monitoring in daily life reveals the unique capability of the soft device as a real‐world applicable stress monitor.
Fabrication and Operating Mechanism of Deep‐UV Transparent Semiconducting SrSnO3‐Based Thin Film Transistor
Authors: Wei Mian , Gong Lizhikun , Liang Dou‐dou , Cho Hai Jun , Ohta Hiromichi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThin film transistors (TFT) with deep‐UV transparency are a promising component for next‐generation optoelectronics such as biosensors. Among several deep‐UV transparent oxide semiconductors, SrSnO3 is an excellent candidate material owing to its wide band gap (≈4.6 eV) and rather high carrier electron mobility. Herein, fabrication and operation mechanism of the SrSnO3‐TFT is shown. A metal–insulator‐semiconductor structure is fabricated on a 28 nm‐thick SrSnO3 film. The resultant TFT shows clear transistor characteristics; the on‐to‐off current ratio is ≈102, the threshold voltage is ≈−18 V, and the field‐effect mobility is ≈14 cm2 V−1 s−1. The effective thickness of the electron channel gradually increases with gate voltage and saturates at ≈5 nm, which is evaluated by the thermopower modulation. The present results will be helpful for utilizing deep‐UV transparent TFTs for biosensing applications.
Iridium‐Catalyzed α‐Alkylation of Arylacetonitriles Using Secondary and Primary Alcohols
Authors: Kong Ying‐Ying , Wang Zhong‐Xia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the presence of NaOtBu, [Cp*IrCl2]2‐catalyzed reaction of arylacetonitriles with secondary alcohols was performed to yield α‐monoalkylation products of arylacetonitriles. The catalyst and conditions also suited for the α‐monoalkylation of arylacetonitriles with primary alcohols.
Necroptosis Induced by Ruthenium(II) Complexes as Dual Catalytic Inhibitors of Topoisomerase I/II
Authors: Xiong Kai , Qian Chen , Yuan Yixian , Wei Lin , Liao Xinxing , He Liting , Rees Thomas W. , Chen Yu , Wan Jian , Ji Liangnian , Chao Hui 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInducing necroptosis in cancer cells is an effective approach to circumvent drug‐resistance. Metal‐based triggers have, however, rarely been reported. Ruthenium(II) complexes containing 1,1‐(pyrazin‐2‐yl)pyreno[4,5‐e][1,2,4]triazine were developed with a series of different ancillary ligands (Ru1‐7). The combination of the main ligand with bipyridyl and phenylpyridyl ligands endows Ru7 with superior nucleus‐targeting properties. As a rare dual catalytic inhibitor, Ru7 effectively inhibits the endogenous activities of topoisomerase (topo) I and II and kills cancer cells by necroptosis. The cell signaling pathway from topo inhibition to necroptosis was elucidated. Furthermore, Ru7 displays significant antitumor activity against drug‐resistant cancer cells in vivo. To the best of our knowledge, Ru7 is the first Ru‐based necroptosis‐inducing chemotherapeutic agent.
Spin Filtering Along Chiral Polymers
Authors: Mishra Suryakant , Mondal Amit Kumar , Smolinsky Eilam Z. B. , Naaman Ron , Maeda Katsuhiro , Nishimura Tatsuya , Taniguchi Tsuyoshi , Yoshida Takumu , Takayama Kokoro , Yashima Eiji 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSpin‐dependent conduction and polarization in chiral polymers were studied for polymers organized as self‐assembled monolayers with conduction along the polymer backbone, namely, along its longer axis. Large spin polarization and magnetoresistance effects were observed, showing a clear dependence on the secondary structure of the polymer. The results indicate that the spin polarization process does not include spin flipping and hence it results from backscattering probabilities for the two spin states.
Cloud‐based archived metabolomics data: A resource for in‐source fragmentation/annotation, meta‐analysis and systems biology
Authors: Palermo Amelia , Huan Tao , Rinehart Duane , Rinschen Markus M. , Li Shuzhao , O'Donnell Valerie B. , Fahy Eoin , Xue Jingchuan , Subramaniam Shankar , Benton H. Paul , Siuzdak Gary 
Published: June 2020

AbstractArchived metabolomics data represent a broad resource for the scientific community. However, the absence of tools for the meta‐analysis of heterogeneous data types makes it challenging to perform direct comparisons in a single and cohesive workflow. Here, we present a framework for the meta‐analysis of metabolic pathways and interpretation with proteomic and transcriptomic data. This framework facilitates the comparison of heterogeneous types of metabolomics data from online repositories (eg, XCMS Online, Metabolomics Workbench, GNPS, and MetaboLights) representing tens of thousands of studies, as well as locally acquired data. As a proof of concept, we apply the workflow for the meta‐analysis of (a) independent colon cancer studies, further interpreted with proteomics and transcriptomics data, (b) multimodal data from Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment studies, demonstrating its high‐throughput capability for the systems level interpretation of metabolic pathways. Moreover, the platform has been modified for improved knowledge dissemination through a collaboration with Metabolomics Workbench and LIPID MAPS. We envision that this meta‐analysis tool combined with our in‐source fragmentation/annotation (ISA) technology will help overcome the primary bottleneck in analyzing diverse datasets and facilitate the full exploitation of archival metabolomics data for addressing a broad array of questions in metabolism research and systems biology.
Flame‐retardant behavior and protective layer effect of phosphazene‐triazine bi‐group flame retardant on polycarbonate
Authors: Chen Yajun , Wu Xingde , Qian Lijun 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA series of flame‐retardant polycarbonate (PC) composites with different ratios of phosphazene‐triazine bi‐group flame retardant (A3) were prepared. The flame retardant performance and thermal stability of PC/A3 composites were characterized by LOI, UL 94 vertical burning test, cone calorimetry test and TG. Results show that when the addition of A3 is 13.5%, the PC/A3 composite can pass UL94 V‐0 level with a LOI value of 29.3% and reduce the peak heat release rate by 47.5% during the combustion. TG results show that adding 5% A3 can increase the initial decomposition temperature of the PC by 7°C in nitrogen and 9°C in air. Investigation of the morphology and chemical structure of char residue demonstrates that A3 promotes the formation of more complete and compact char residue which acts as physical barriers to inhibit the transfer of heat and oxygen, resulting the good flame retardant properties. The analysis of gaseous pyrolysis product reveals that A3 also exerts a flame‐retardant effect in gas phase by releasing PO· free radicals.
Effect of including a hydrophobic comonomer on the rheology of an acrylamide‐acrylic acid based copolymer
Authors: Juárez Data Roger M. , Mattea Facundo , Strumia Miriam C. , Milanesio Juan M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSynthesis and design of polymer systems based on acrylamide for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is essential for reservoirs with high salinity and high temperature conditions. The use of associative monomers or the modification of the polymers with hydrophobic functional groups represents a promising alternative that extends the use of chemical EOR. In this study, terpolymers based on acrylamide, acrylic acid and butyl methacrylate were synthesized and the rheological properties of aqueous solutions of the obtained polymers at different pH values, and salt concentrations were evaluated. The results show that at alkaline conditions the viscosity of aqueous solutions of a polymer synthesized with 68.6 wt% of acrylamide, 22.9 wt% of acrylic acid and 8.6 wt% of butyl methacrylate increases by a factor of more than 1,000 at a 3 wt% concentration. Also, all polymers with the hydrophobic modification showed higher viscosity in saline solutions compared to their acrylamide‐acrylic acid analogue.
A Novel Li+‐Conducting Polymer Membrane Gelled by Fluorine‐Free Electrolyte Solutions for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Navarra Maria Assunta , Tsurumaki Akiko , Vitucci Francesco Maria , Paolone Annalisa , Palumbo Oriele , Panero Stefania 
Published: June 2020

AbstractGel polymer electrolytes (GPEs), composed of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVdF), a ternary solvent of ethylene carbonate : propylene carbonate : dimethyl carbonate, and LiBOB, which are characterized by a novel composition with a fluorine‐free lithium salt, are here proposed. GPEs were firstly prepared through a solution casting procedure using the ternary carbonate solution as a solvent (named ex situ prepared membranes), and then activated by being immersed in a 0.7 M LiBOB‐carbonate solution. Fundamental characterizations, including thermal, spectroscopical, mechanical, and electrochemical analyses, were carried out and compared before and after the activation. GPEs, having the same composition, were also prepared by using a novel procedure (named in situ prepared membranes), involving the formation of PVdF membrane and its activation by the LiBOB electrolyte, as well as subsequent electrochemical characterizations, in the same T‐shape cell. Thus prepared lithium‐ion batteries, employing Sn−C and LiFePO4 electrodes, were demonstrated to exhibit a high capacity of 150 mAh g−1 through the course of cycling.
Joint modeling of interval counts of recurrent events and death
Authors: Böhnstedt Marie , Putter Hein , Dańko Aleksandra , Dańko Maciej J. , Gampe Jutta 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhen a recurrent event process is ended by death, this may imply dependent censoring if the two processes are associated. Such dependent censoring would have to be modeled to obtain a valid inference. Moreover, the dependence between the recurrence process and the terminal event may be the primary topic of interest. Joint frailty models for recurrent events and death, which include a separate dependence parameter, have been proposed for exactly observed recurrence times. However, in many situations, only the number of events experienced during consecutive time intervals are available. We propose a method for estimating a joint frailty model based on such interval counts and observed or independently censored terminal events. The baseline rates of the two processes are modeled by piecewise constant functions, and Gaussian quadrature is used to approximate the marginal likelihood. Covariates can be included in a proportional rates setting. The observation intervals for the recurrent event counts can differ between individuals. Furthermore, we adapt a score test for the association between recurrent events and death to the setting in which only individual interval counts are observed. We study the performance of both approaches via simulation studies, and exemplify the methodology in a biodemographic study of the dependence between budding rates and mortality in the species Eleutheria dichotoma.
Systematic screening and characterization of absorbed constituents and in vivo metabolites in rats after oral administration of Rhizoma coptidis using UPLC‐Q‐TOF/MS
Authors: Feng Xinchi , Wang Kun , Hu Xintong , Chai Liwei , Cao Shijie , Ding Liqin , Qiu Feng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRhizoma coptidis has been used for a long time in China owing to its anti‐bacterial, anti‐diabetes, anti‐hyperlipidemia and anti‐obesity activities. However, the in vivo biotransformation of Rhizoma coptidis is still unclear to date. In this study, a three‐step strategy using UPLC‐Q‐TOF/MS was applied to clarify the in vivo absorbed constituents and metabolites in rats after oral administration of Rhizoma coptidis. First, alkaloids in Rhizoma coptidis extract were identified. Second, six abundant alkaloids (berberine, palmatine, coptisine, epiberberine, jatrorrhizine, and columbamine) were selected as representative prototypes and the metabolic fates of them in rats were investigated to obtain a database of Rhizoma coptidis‐derived metabolites. Finally, the metabolic profiles of Rhizoma coptidis were fully elucidated based on the above‐mentioned results. In summary, 29 alkaloids were identified in Rhizoma coptidis, and a database of Rhizoma coptidis‐derived metabolites was obtained with 144 characterized metabolites. A total of 89 xenobiotics including 12 absorbed constituents and 77 metabolites were identified in dosed rat biosamples. Major metabolic pathways of Rhizoma coptidis were hydroxylation, reduction, methylation, demethylation, demethylenation, desaturation, glucuronidation and sulfation. This is the first systematic study on the in vivo absorbed constituents and metabolic profiling of Rhizoma coptidis and will be beneficial for its further studies.
Antibacterial Mechanism of Curcumin: A Review
Authors: Zheng Dantong , Huang Chongxing , Huang Haohe , Zhao Yuan , Khan Muhammad Rafi Ullah , Zhao Hui , Huang Lijie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCurcumin is a plant‐derived polyphenolic active substance with broad‐spectrum antibacterial properties. Curcumin blocks bacterial growth owing to its structural characteristics and the generation of antioxidation products. Curcumin can inhibit bacterial virulence factors, inhibit bacterial biofilm formation and prevent bacterial adhesion to host receptors through the bacterial quorum sensing regulation system. As a photosensitizer, curcumin acts under blue light irradiation to induce phototoxicity and inhibit bacterial growth. Moreover, it can exert a synergistic antibacterial effect with other antibacterial substances. In this review, we summarize the research progress on the antibacterial mechanism of curcumin based on five targeting structures and two modes of action. Our discussion provides a theoretical basis and technical foundation for the development and application of natural antibacterial agents.