bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of inter-reader contouring variability on textural radiomics of colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Rizzetto Francesco , Calderoni Francesca , De Mattia Cristina , Defeudis Arianna , Giannini Valentina , Mazzetti Simone , Vassallo Lorenzo , Ghezzi Silvia , Sartore-Bianchi Andrea , Marsoni Silvia , Siena Salvatore , Regge Daniele , Torresin Alberto , Vanzulli Angelo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Radiomics is expected to improve the management of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed at evaluating the impact of liver lesion contouring as a source of variability on radiomic features (RFs).

Methods
After Ethics Committee approval, 70 liver metastases in 17 CRC patients were segmented on contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans by two residents and checked by experienced radiologists. RFs from grey level co-occurrence and run length matrices were extracted from three-dimensional (3D) regions of interest (ROIs) and the largest two-dimensional (2D) ROIs. Inter-reader variability was evaluated with Dice coefficient and Hausdorff distance, whilst its impact on RFs was assessed using mean relative change (MRC) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). For the main lesion of each patient, one reader also segmented a circular ROI on the same image used for the 2D ROI.

Results
The best inter-reader contouring agreement was observed for 2D ROIs according to both Dice coefficient (median 0.85, interquartile range 0.78–0.89) and Hausdorff distance (0.21 mm, 0.14–0.31 mm). Comparing RF values, MRC ranged 0–752% for 2D and 0–1567% for 3D. For 24/32 RFs (75%), MRC was lower for 2D than for 3D. An ICC > 0.90 was observed for more RFs for 2D (53%) than for 3D (34%). Only 2/32 RFs (6%) showed a variability between 2D and circular ROIs higher than inter-reader variability.

Conclusions
A 2D contouring approach may help mitigate overall inter-reader variability, albeit stable RFs can be extracted from both 3D and 2D segmentations of CRC liver metastases.
Rural community attitude towards mental healthcare: a mixed-method study in Khurda district of Odisha, India
Authors: Jena Sunita , Sahoo Krushna Chandra , Samal Mousumi , Kripalini P. , Shrivastava Chandni , Anand Henanee , Mahapatra Pranab , Pati Sanghamitra 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Mental health is a global concern due to its hasty escalation. The shifting social dynamics in rural India intensify care-seeking behaviors, which means immediate action is required. Mental illness, however, is seen as a neglected disorder. This study examined the attitude of rural people towards mental health care in rural Odisha, India. An explanatory mixed-method study was conducted among 395 participants age between 18 to 65 years in two rural blocks of Khurdha district, Odisha. A total of 16 in-depth interviews were conducted among the caretakers of the patients.

Results
The educational level, religion, age, and gender (p < 0.05) had significantly associated with attitudes towards mental healthcare facilities; female having lower-education had more negative attitudes towards mental healthcare facilities. The major barriers for the mental healthcare were the rejection of mental illness by patients due to fear of societal stigma, faith on religious healers, and lack of availability of mental health services.

Conclusions
Perspective of people should be considered along with their location, gender, and education when strategizing the psychiatric healthcare system as their perception/attitude serves as facilitators/barriers for achieving mental healthcare goals and psychiatric hospital goals.
Exploring the potential of using bioactive plant products in the management of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. albedinis: the causal agent of Bayoud disease on date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)
Authors: Bouhlali Eimad Dine Tariq , Derouich Mgal , Ben-Amar Houria , Meziani Reda , Essarioui Adil 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
“Bayoud” disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis (Foa) poses a serious threat to date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in Morocco. However, research studies performed to discover biological methods to control this disease remain limited. The present study has set objectives to determine antifungal activity of five plants extracts (Acacia cyanophylla, Cupressus atlantica, Eucalyptus torquata, Nerium oleander, and Schinus molle) against Foa and link this effect to their content in polyphenols and flavonoids as well as their antioxidant properties.

Results
Plant extracts showed significant differences (p < 0.05) regarding their antifungal activity. The extracts of E. torquata and C. atlantica showed the strongest antifungal effect resulting in the inhibition of mycelial growth, sporulation, and spore germination in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, there were significant differences among the examined plant extracts in respect to their total polyphenols (1.536–7.348 g GAE/100 g DW), flavonoids (0.986–5.759 g RE/100 g DW), and antioxidant properties measured by Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) (7.47–38.97 mmol TE/100 g DW) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay (8.95–47.36 mmol TE/100 g DW). Moreover, the antifungal potential of plant extracts was found to be moderately to strongly correlated with their polyphenol and flavonoid contents as well as their antioxidant activity, implying that the effective inhibitory activity of these plant extracts is partly due to their richness in antioxidative secondary metabolites.

Conclusion
Our findings shed further light on plants as a-yet-untapped resource of bioactive compounds and constructed the foundation for the development of new biological approaches to best manage Bayoud disease.
Identification, synthesis, and characterization of potential genotoxic impurities of sildenafil citrate drug substance
Authors: Rajesh Reddy P. , Musunuri Sivanadh , Rama Sekhara Reddy D. , Chittala V. Subrahmanyam , Murthy P V. N. S. , Krishnamohan K. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Sildenafil is a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specifil phophodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). Sildenafil enhances the effect of nitric oxide by inhibiting phosphodiesterase type 5, which is responsible for the degradation of cGMP in the corpus cavernosum. The possible genotoxic impurities of sildenafil were synthesized, i.e., sildenafil sulfonyl methyl ester, sildenafil sulfonyl ethyl ester, and sildenafil sulfonyl isopropyl ester. The present work describes the synthesis and characterization of these sulfonyl ester compounds related to sildenafil.

Results
All the synthesized sildenafil sulfonyl esters have proved to be beneficial for the pharmaceutical industry in view of the regulatory importance.

Conclusion
A simple, efficient, and repeatable method was developed for the preparation of sildenafil sulfonyl esters in view of the regulatory importance of the potential genotoxic impurities in the active pharmaceutical ingredient. A detailed study of various impurities in sildenafil was conducted. Different process-related sulfonyl esters in sildenafil were identified, synthesized, and characterized by using various spectroscopic techniques like liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS), mass, 1H NMR, and FT-IR. These efforts to synthesize and characterize them effectively have proved to be beneficial.
Intensity of End-of-Life Care in a Cohort of Commercially Insured Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer in the United States
Authors: Ferrario Alessandra , Xu Xin , Zhang Fang , Ross-Degnan Dennis , Wharam J. Frank , Wagner Anita K. 
Published: November 2020

PURPOSE:There is limited evidence on the intensity of end-of-life (EOL) care for women < 65 years old, who account for about 40% of breast cancer deaths in the United States. Using established indicators, we estimated the intensity of EOL care among these women.METHODS:We used 2000-2014 claims data from a large US insurer to identify women with metastatic breast cancer who, in the last month of their lives, had more than one hospital admission, emergency department visit, or an intensive care unit (ICU) admission and/or used antineoplastic therapy in the last 14 days of life. Using multivariate logistic regression, we assessed whether intensity of EOL care differed by demographic characteristics, socioeconomic factors, or regions.RESULTS:Adjusted estimates show an increase in EOL ICU admissions between 2000-2003 and 2010-2014 from 14% (95% CI, 10% to 17%) to 23% (95% CI, 20% to 26%) and a small increase in emergency department visits from 10% (95% CI, 7% to 13%) to 12% (95% CI, 9% to 15%), both statistically significant. There was no statistically significant change in the proportions of women experiencing more than one EOL hospitalization (14% in 2010-2014; 95% CI, 11% to 17%) and of those receiving EOL antineoplastic treatment (24% in 2010-2014; 95% CI, 21% to 27%). Living in predominantly mixed, Hispanic, Black, or Asian neighborhoods correlated with more intense care (odds ratio, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.77 for ICU).CONCLUSION:Consistent with findings in the Medicare population, our results suggest an overall increase in the number of ICU admissions at the EOL over time. They also suggest that patients from non-White neighborhoods receive more intense acute care.
Cdc48 regulates intranuclear quality control sequestration of the Hsh155 splicing factor in budding yeast
Authors: Mathew Veena , Kumar Arun , Jiang Yangyang K. , West Kyra , Tam Annie S. , Stirling Peter C. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Cdc48 (known as VCP in mammals) is a highly conserved ATPase chaperone that plays an essential role in the assembly and disassembly of protein–DNA complexes and in degradation of misfolded proteins. We find that in Saccharomyces cerevisiae budding yeast, Cdc48 accumulates during cellular stress at intranuclear protein quality control sites (INQ). We show that Cdc48 function is required to suppress INQ formation under non-stress conditions and to promote recovery following genotoxic stress. Cdc48 physically associates with the INQ substrate and splicing factor Hsh155, and regulates its assembly with partner proteins. Accordingly, cdc48 mutants have defects in splicing and show spontaneous distribution of Hsh155 to INQ aggregates, where it is stabilized. Overall, this study shows that Cdc48 regulates deposition of proteins at INQ and suggests a previously unknown role for Cdc48 in the regulation or stabilization of splicing subcomplexes.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Continuously tunable high-power single-longitudinal-mode Ho:YLF laser around the P12 CO2 absorption line
Authors: Wang Yunpeng , Ju Youlun , Dai Tongyu , Yan Dong , Chen Ying , Fang Xinyu , Duan Xiaoming , Yao Baoquan 
Published: November 2020

A continuously tuned single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) Ho:YLF laser around the P12

C
O

2

absorption line was demonstrated. The continuous tuning range of 5.75 pm within one longitudinal mode spacing of the Ho:YLF resonator was realized by using a novel intra-cavity wedge prism device fixed on the piezoelectric transducer (PZT) as the cavity length controller. High SLM power of 11.3 W was obtained from a Ho:YLF amplifier with three crystals at the pump power of 31.8 W and master oscillator power of 323 mW, corresponding to a gain of 15.44 dB and an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 34.5%. The beam quality factors

M
2

of the SLM Ho:YLF amplifier in the

x

and

y

directions were estimated to be 1.04 and 1.05, respectively.
The loss of microglia activities facilitates glaucoma progression in association with CYP1B1 gene mutation (p.Gly61Glu)
Authors: Alghamdi Amani , Aldossary Wadha , Albahkali Sarah , Alotaibi Batoul , Alrfaei Bahauddeen M. 
Published: November 2020

Background
Glaucoma represents the second main cause of irreversible loss of eyesight worldwide. Progression of the disease is due to changes around the optic nerve, eye structure and optic nerve environment. Focusing on primary congenital glaucoma, which is not completely understood, we report an evaluation of an untested mutation (c.182G>A, p.Gly61Glu) within the CYP1B1 gene in the context of microglia, astrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells. We investigated the behaviours of these cells, which are needed to maintain eye homeostasis, in response to the CYP1B1 mutation.

Methods and results
CRISPR technology was used to edit normal CYP1B1 genes within normal astrocytes, microglia and stem cells in vitro. Increased metabolic activities were found in microglia and astrocytes 24 hours after CYP1B1 manipulation. However, these activities dropped by 40% after 72 hrs. In addition, the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP)/NADPH reducing equivalent process decreased by 50% on average after 72 hrs of manipulation. The cytokines measured in mutated microglia showed progressive activation leading to apoptosis, which was confirmed with annexin-V. The cytokines evaluated in mutant astrocytes were abnormal in comparison to those in the control.

Conclusions
The results suggest a progressive inflammation that was induced by mutations (p.Gly61Glu) on CYP1B1. Furthermore, the mutations enhanced the microglia’s loss of activity. We are the first to show the direct impact of the mutation on microglia. This progressive inflammation might be responsible for primary congenital glaucoma complications, which could be avoided via an anti-inflammatory regimen. This finding also reveals that progressive inflammation affects recovery failure after surgeries to relieve glaucoma. Moreover, microglia are important for the survival of ganglion cells, along with the clearing of pathogens and inflammation. The reduction of their activities may jeopardise homeostasis within the optic nerve environment and complicate the protection of optic nerve components (such as retinal ganglion and glial cells).
Breast self-examination practice and associated factors among female healthcare workers in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mekonnen Birye Dessalegn 
Published: November 2020

Background
Breast cancer is common global public health problem. It is the principal cause of cancer related death. In Ethiopia, study findings regarding prevalence and associated factors of BSE among female healthcare workers have been inconsistently reported and highly variable. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of breast self-examination practice and determinants in Ethiopia.

Methods
A systematic search of PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Global Health, Google Scholar, CINAHL and Scopus from April 2, 2020 to April 24, 2020. Data were extracted from articles included in the review using a data extraction tool which was adapted from the Joanna Briggs Institute. the quality of each included article was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Data analysis was done using STATA 11. The Cochrane Q and I2 test were used to assess heterogeneity between the studies; and publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger’s test. A random effects meta-analysis was computed to determine the pooled prevalence of breast self-examination. The determinants for breast self-examination were examined. Forest plots were used to present the prevalence and odds ratio with 95% confidence interval.

Results
After reviewing 9605 studies, 12 studies involving 4129 female healthcare workers were included for this review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of breast self-examination practice among healthcare workers in Ethiopia was 56.31% (95% CI: 44.37, 68.25). The subgroup analysis further revealed that the higher breast self-examination practice was observed among other healthcare workers, 58.60% (95% CI: 43.31, 73.90). Good knowledge (AOR = 3.02; 95% CI: 1.24, 7.35), positive attitude (AOR = 2.73; 95% CI: 1.95, 4.13) and family history of breast cancer (AOR = 3.21; 95% CI: 1.22, 6.52) were significantly associated with breast self-examination practice among healthcare workers.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis found that nearly half of the female healthcare workers were not performed breast self-examination. The finding of this study suggests the need of strengthening early diagnosis of breast cancer and control strategies with a collaborative effort of policymakers and other concerned stakeholders.
PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA CARANGSARI DAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT LOKAL
Authors: Putra Dewa Putu Bagus Pujawan 
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis partisipasi masyarakat lokal dalam pengembangan Desa Wisata Carangsari di Kecamatan Petang, Kabupaten Badung. Untuk mengungkapnya digunakan analisis kualitatif dimana data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, studi literatur dan FGD (Focus Group Discussion) dengan pemerintah Kabupaten Badung, tokoh masyarakat Desa Wisata Carangsari, akademisi dan praktisi di bidang desa wisata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bentuk partisipasi masyarakat adalah consultation dengan sifat semu dan pasif, masyarakat minim partisipasi dan hanya manfaat ekonomi yang diperoleh. Faktor yang mempengaruhi rendahnya partisipasi masyarakat terbagi dalam dua faktor yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal yakni pemahaman desa wisata, badan pengelola desa wisata, sumber daya manusia dan pemetaan produk unggulan desa. Faktor eksternal yaitu kajian desa wisata, sumber dana dan program pemberdayaan masyarakat serta pemasaran. Model partisipasi masyarakat saat ini mengarah pada top down sementara model alternatif yang ditawarkan merangkai alur ide yang bangkit dari masyarakat bersama pemerintah dan akademisi dalam mengembangkan potensi lokal menjadi daya tarik wisata alam dan budaya yang dikelola oleh Badan Pengelola Desa Wisata dengan harapan mampu memberikan manfaat kesejahteraan ekonomi, revitalisasi budaya lokal dan konservasi lingkungan. Unsur kebaruan dalam penelitian ini adalah tidak semua desa wisata, masyarakatnya berpartisipasi sehingga perlu dilakukan evaluasi terhadap desa wisata.
The influence of interactive and static infographics on the academic achievement of reflective and impulsive students
Authors: Ismaeel Dina , Al Mulhim Ensaf 
Published: November 2020

This article examines the influence of static/interactive infographics on reflective/impulsive students’ academic achievement. The study sample consisted of 80 undergraduate students who were divided into two groups according to their cognitive style (reflective/impulsive). Each group was further divided into two sub-groups based on the type of infographics (static/interactive) to be evaluated. The findings showed that interactive infographics are more effective than static infographics in improving academic achievement. Reflective students outperformed impulsive students in terms of academic achievement, and there was a significant interaction between interactive infographics and reflective students. This study may serve as a guide for educators and designers of learning resources in selecting the most appropriate forms of technology conforming to students’ varying cognitive styles.
Implications for practice or policy:

The designers of e-learning environments must focus on the cognitive style of each learner. The design of those environments must take into account the diversity of information presentation methods to meet the various cognitive styles.
Students' academic achievement can be improved by the use of interactive infographics due to their richness in material, multimedia approach, and interactivity that stimulate and communicate with learners’ senses and positively affect their acquisition of information.
Temporal Expectation Hastens Decision Onset But Does Not Affect Evidence Quality
Authors: van den Brink Ruud L. , Murphy Peter R. , Desender Kobe , de Ru Nicole , Nieuwenhuis Sander 
Published: November 2020

The ability to predict the timing of forthcoming events, known as temporal expectation, has a strong impact on human information processing. Although there is growing consensus that temporal expectations enhance the speed and accuracy of perceptual decisions, it remains unclear whether they affect the decision process itself, or non-decisional (sensory/motor) processes. Here, healthy human participants (N= 21; 18 female) used predictive auditory cues to anticipate the timing of low-contrast visual stimuli they were required to detect. Modeling of the behavioral data using a prominent sequential sampling model indicated that temporal expectations speeded up non-decisional processes but had no effect on decision formation. Electrophysiological recordings confirmed and extended this result: temporal expectations hastened the onset of a neural signature of decision formation but had no effect on its build-up rate. Anticipatory α band power was modulated by temporal expectation and co-varied with intrinsic trial-by-trial variability in behavioral and neural signatures of the onset latency of the decision process. These findings highlight how temporal predictions optimize our interaction with unfolding sensory events.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTemporal expectation enhances performance, but the locus of this effect remains debated. Here, we contrasted the two dominant accounts: enhancement through (1) expedited decision onset, or (2) an increase in the quality of sensory evidence. We manipulated expectations about the onset of a dim visual target using a temporal cueing paradigm, and probed the locus of the expectation effect with two complementary approaches: drift diffusion modeling (DDM) of behavior, and estimation of the onset and progression of the decision process from a supramodal accumulation-to-bound signal in simultaneously measured EEG signals. Behavioral modeling and neural data provided strong, converging evidence for an account in which temporal expectations enhance perception by speeding up decision onset, without affecting evidence quality.
Public and cultural activity of the Mordovsky family in Yekaterinoslav Region in the second half of the 19th and in the beginning of the 20th centuries
Authors: Luchka Liudmyla 
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the article is to highlight the contribution of the Mordovsky family to the development of library space of Yekaterinoslav province. Research methods: system-structural, analytical-synthetic, comparative.Main results. The Mordovsky family left a remarkable trace in cultural and public life of Yekaterinoslav province. Individual representatives of the family, which had different occupations, were united bycooperation with library centers. The life path of a zemstvo leader and a member of Yekaterinoslav Town Duma P. G. Mordovsky was closely connected with the library board, and his achievements in the field of library business contributed to the enhancement of librariesʼ status. Experience and contribution of G. P. Mordovska to the development of the Town Public Library at the beginning of the 20th century was significant, namely, an active participation in library reorganization. P. F. Mordovsky, an agrarian, known for his productive activity at Novomoskovsk association of village farmers, was responsible for the specialized library and its replenishment at the end of the 19th century. In this field he manifested himself as a professional librarian dealing with issues on the library's replenishment and book loaning to the members of the centre.Conclusions. The place and role of zemstvo and public leaders from the Mordovsky family in cultural space of the region are determined. The description of lives of individual members of the Mordovsky family helps create a broad ethnographic circle.Practical meaning. It is recommended for scholars for in-depth study of historical and library lore studies.The scientific novelty is the discovery by the author of previously unexplored materials about the activities of individual personalities of Yekaterinoslav intelligentsia.Type of article: descriptive.