bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
β-Blocker use is not associated with improved clinical outcomes in women with breast cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Chaoran , Li Tian , Tang Runwei , Yuan Shuai , Zhang Weihong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Evidence remains inconsistent regarding the potential influence of β-blocker (BB) use on clinical outcomes in women with breast cancer. We aimed to evaluate the association between BB and prognosis of breast cancer in an updated meta-analysis.
Methods: Follow-up studies comparing the clinical outcomes of breast cancer in women with and without use of BB were included by search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane’s Library. A random-effect model was used to pool the results.
Results: Seventeen observational studies were included. Pooled results did not support a significant association between BB use and breast cancer recurrence (risk ratio [RR] = 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68–1.07, P=0.17), breast cancer related deaths (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.65–1.06, P=0.14), or all-cause deaths (RR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.91–1.11, P=0.91) in women with breast cancer. Study characteristics such as sample size, definition of BB use, follow-up durations, adjustment of menopausal status, or quality score did not significantly affect the results. Subgroup analyses showed that BB may be associated with a trend of reduced risk of all-cause deaths in women with breast cancer in prospective studies (two datasets, RR = 0.81, P=0.05), but not in retrospective studies (eight datasets, RR = 1.06, P=0.16; P for subgroup analyses = 0.02).
Conclusions: Current evidence from observational studies does not support a significant association between BB use and improved prognosis in women with breast cancer.
The correlation between photometric variability and radial velocity jitter
Authors: Hojjatpanah S. , Oshagh M. , Figueira P. , Santos N. C. , Amazo-Gómez E. M. , Sousa S. G. , Adibekyan V. , Akinsanmi B. , Demangeon O. , Faria J. , Gomes da Silva J. , Meunier N. 
Published: May 2020

Context. Characterizing the relation between stellar photometric variability and radial velocity (RV) jitter can help us to better understand the physics behind these phenomena. The current and upcoming high precision photometric surveys such as TESS, CHEOPS, and PLATO will provide the community with thousands of new exoplanet candidates. As a consequence, the presence of such a correlation is crucial in selecting the targets with the lowest RV jitter for efficient RV follow-up of exoplanetary candidates. Studies of this type are also crucial to design optimized observational strategies to mitigate RV jitter when searching for Earth-mass exoplanets.
Aims. Our goal is to assess the correlation between high-precision photometric variability measurements and high-precision RV jitter over different time scales.
Methods. We analyze 171 G, K, and M stars with available TESS high precision photometric time-series and HARPS precise RVs. We derived the stellar parameters for the stars in our sample and measured the RV jitter and photometric variability. We also estimated chromospheric Ca II H & K activity indicator log(RHK′), v sin i, and the stellar rotational period. Finally, we evaluate how different stellar parameters and an RV sampling subset can have an impact on the potential correlations.
Results. We find a varying correlation between the photometric variability and RV jitter as function of time intervals between the TESS photometric observation and HARPS RV. As the time intervals of the observations considered for the analysis increases, the correlation value and significance becomes smaller and weaker, to the point that it becomes negligible. We also find that for stars with a photometric variability above 6.5 ppt the correlation is significantly stronger. We show that such a result can be due to the transition between the spot-dominated and the faculae-dominated regime. We quantified the correlations and updated the relationship between chromospheric Ca II H & K activity indicator log(RHK′) and RV jitter.
High-Frequency and Ultra-High Frequency Ultrasound: Musculoskeletal Imaging up to 70 MHz
Authors: Albano Domenico , Aringhieri Giacomo , Messina Carmelo , De Flaviis Luca , Sconfienza Luca Maria 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMusculoskeletal (MSK) ultrasound has well-established advantages, able to investigate very small structures with high resolution and a quick and real-time dynamic evaluation with the possibility of contralateral comparison. Thus ultrasound has kept its own almost exclusive fields of application in daily clinical practice, and it is considered the first-level imaging technique to assess tendons, bursae, and capsuloligamentous structures of small peripheral joints as well as peripheral nerves. Up to now, however, clinical MSK ultrasound imaging could not go beyond the first 1 to 2 cm under the skin, using high-frequency probes up to 18 to 20 MHz with spatial resolution just below millimeters. We present the impressive technical advancements leading to image resolution as low as 30 µm using ultra-high frequency ultrasound (UHFUS) probes up to 70 MHz. High-frequency ultrasound and UHFUS, with frequencies ranging from 22 to 70 MHz, are promising tools to evaluate very superficial structures. In the MSK system, only two articles have assessed its value in limited case series. Future developments may be aimed to better assess ultrastructural changes of very superficial peripheral nerves and other thin structures such as pulleys, retinacula, and tendons.
The Central Role of Acute Phase Proteins in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Involvement in Disease Autoimmunity, Inflammatory Responses, and the Heightened Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Bezuidenhout Johannes A. , Pretorius Etheresia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of complex etiopathogenic origin and traditionally characterized by chronic synovitis and articular erosions. Furthermore, there is strong evidence that infectious agents, including those that become dormant within the host, play a major role in much of the etiology of RA and its hallmark of inflammation. A combination of genetic predisposition, environmental exposure, and presence of infectious agents may therefore lead to a loss of immune tolerance to citrullinated proteins, which present as self-antigens to the human immune system. This results in generation of highly RA-specific autoantibodies, known as anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs). Protein citrullination occurs via posttranslational deamination of arginine residues by peptidylarginine deiminase enzymes, which have confirmed sources of both endogenous and infectious origins. A recognized plasma protein target of citrullination and RA autoantibody generation is fibrin and its soluble precursor fibrinogen, both key components of hemostasis and acute phase reaction. Increased titers of ACPAs that accompany rapid progression to clinical RA disease have been shown to drive a variety of proinflammatory processes, and therefore results in aberrant fibrin clot formation and increased cardiovascular risk. However, the full extent to which hemostasis is affected in RA remains controversial, owing to the differential impact that citrullinated fibrin(ogen) and concurrent systemic inflammation may have on resulting hemostatic outcome. This review highlights key events in initiation of autoimmune-driven inflammatory events, including the role of bacterial infectious agents, which subsequently result in clinical RA disease and associated secondary cardiovascular disease risk, with specific focus on plasma proteins that are heavily involved throughout the immunopathological progression process.
Massive Chylous Ascites and Chylothorax Secondary to Chronic Pancreatitis: A Novel Surgical Option
Authors: Lee Grace C. , Cetrulo Curtis L. , Muniappan Ashok , Yamada Kei , Lillemoe Keith D. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Chylous ascites is a debilitating condition characterized by milky, triglyceride-rich fluid accumulating in the peritoneum due to disruption of the intraabdominal lymphatic system. Medical management includes low-fat diets, somatostatin analogues, and therapeutic paracentesis, but is unsuccessful in one-third of patients.
Methods We present a 59-year-old man with massive chylous ascites and chylothorax secondary to chronic pancreatitis, who failed medical therapies for nearly two years, before being successfully treated with a novel surgical technique. Demographic and clinical data were obtained from the electronic medical record at Massachusetts General Hospital from 2015 to 2019. Patient information was kept anonymous and informed consent was obtained for publication of this report.
Results Based on a previously published small case series, we created a vascularized lymphatic cable flap based on the superior epigastric vessels, which we anastomosed to mesenteric vessels, permitting chylous drainage superiorly through the thoracic duct. With two years of follow-up, our patient has no evidence of recurrent ascites or chylothorax, and robust nutritional and functional status.
Conclusion We present this novel surgical technique as a promising intervention for patients with chylous ascites and/or chylothorax who have failed medical management.
A Framework for Coordination between Obstetric and Pediatric Providers in Public Health Emergencies: Lessons Learned from the Zika Outbreak in the United States, 2015 to 2017
Authors: Leeb Rebecca T. , Cree Robyn A. , Aird Laura , DeBiasi Roberta L. , Driggers Rita W. , Garbarczyk Elizabeth , Mofenson Lynne M. , Needle Scott , Rodriguez Jeannie , Curry Christine , García Francisco , Godfred-Cato Shana , Hawks Debra , Rosenblum Elizabeth , Dziuban Eric , Hudak Mark 
Published: May 2020

Emergency response to emerging threats with the potential for vertical transmission, such as the 2015 to 2017 response to Zika virus, presents unique clinical challenges that underscore the need for better communication and care coordination between obstetric and pediatric providers to promote optimal health for women and infants. Published guidelines for routine maternal-infant care during the perinatal period, and models for transitions of care in various health care settings are available, but no broad framework has addressed coordinated multidisciplinary care of the maternal-infant dyad during emergency response. We present a novel framework and strategies to improve care coordination and communication during an emergency response. The proposed framework includes (1) identification and collection of critical information to inform care, (2) key health care touchpoints for the maternal-infant dyad, and (3) primary pathways of communication and modes of transfer across touchpoints, as well as practical strategies. This framework and associated strategies can be modified to address the care coordination needs of pregnant women and their infants with possible exposure to other emerging infectious and noninfectious congenital threats that may require long-term, multidisciplinary management.
Key Points
Solving the curvature and Hubble parameter inconsistencies through structure formation-induced curvature
Authors: Heinesen Asta , Buchert Thomas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Recently it has been noted by Di Valentino, Melchiorri and Silk (2019) that the enhanced lensing signal relative to that expected in the spatially flat ΛCDM model poses a possible crisis for the Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) class of models usually used to interpret cosmological data. The ‘crisis’ amounts to inconsistencies between cosmological datasets arising when the FLRW curvature parameter Ω
k0 is determined from the data rather than constrained to be zero a priori. Moreover, the already substantial discrepancy between the Hubble parameter as determined by Planck and local observations increases to the level of 5σ. While such inconsistencies might arise from systematic effects of astrophysical origin affecting the Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectra at small angular scales, it is an option that the inconsistencies are due to the failure of the FLRW assumption. In this paper we recall how the FLRW curvature ansatz is expected to be violated for generic relativistic spacetimes. We explain how the FLRW conservation equation for volume-averaged spatial curvature is modified through structure formation, and we illustrate in a simple framework how the curvature tension in a FLRW spacetime can be resolved—and is even expected to occur—from the point of view of general relativity. Requiring early-time convergence towards a Friedmannian model with a spatial curvature parameter Ω
k0 equal to that preferred from the Planck power spectra resolves the Hubble tension within our dark energy-free model.
Two-point Stokes vector diagnostic approach for characterization of optically anisotropic biological tissues
Authors: Peyvasteh Motahareh , Dubolazov Alexander , Popov Alexey , Ushenko Alexander , Ushenko Yuriy , Meglinski Igor 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the study is to demonstrate a new method of Stokes-correlometric evaluation of polarization-inhomogeneous images of optically thin (optical thickness smaller than 0.01) histological sections from optically anisotropic biological tissues of different morphological structure. This method is based on a correlation (‘two-point’) generalization of traditional optical methods for analyzing ‘one-point’ distributions of polarization states of microscopic images of biological tissues. Analytical algorithms are obtained for describing the ‘two-point’ complex parameters of the Stokes vector image of a birefringent biological tissue. An experimental technique has been developed for measuring polarization-correlation maps, i.e. the coordinate distributions of the magnitude and phase of the ‘two-point’ Stokes vector parameters. Within the framework of the statistical and correlation analysis of the obtained data, new quantitative criteria for the differentiation of the optical properties of biological tissues of various morphological structures are found. A comparative analysis of the distribution of the ‘single-point’ and ‘two-point’ parameters of the Stokes vector of polarizationally inhomogeneous images was performed. It revealed a higher sensitivity (2–5 times) of the Stokes-correlometry method to variations in orientation-phase structure of biological tissues compared to the single-point approach.
Present and new frontiers in materials research by ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Schnadt Joachim , Knudsen Jan , Johansson Niclas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this topical review we catagorise all ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy publications that have appeared between the 1970s and the end of 2018 according to their scientific field. We find that catalysis, surface science and materials science are predominant, while, for example, electrocatalysis and thin film growth are emerging. All catalysis publications that we could identify are cited, and selected case stories with increasing complexity in terms of surface structure or chemical reaction are discussed. For thin film growth we discuss recent examples from chemical vapour deposition and atomic layer deposition. Finally, we also discuss current frontiers of ambient pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy research, indicating some directions of future development of the field.
Augmenting bending stroke of soft dielectric unimorph actuator using carbon nanotubes
Authors: Baranwal Ankit , Agnihotri Prabhat K 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Experimental investigations are carried out to quantify the effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) addition on the actuation performance of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based soft dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA). The actuation ability of pure PDMS and CNT/PDMS composite samples is compared in unimorph configuration. Comparative analysis of experimental results shows that incorporation of optimum CNT concentration (0.05 wt%) significantly enhances the tip displacement (two times) and efficiency (three times) of pure PDMS based DEA. Increasing the CNT concentration beyond optimum level degrades the tip displacement and efficiency of bend actuator. The experimental results are well supported by the theoretical analysis and finite element simulations. Moreover, experimental and numerical findings are combined to establish microstructure-property relationship of DEA. It is shown that at optimum CNT concentration, the induced Maxwell stress compensates for the increase in stiffness of DEA. However, the enhanced stiffness and agglomeration beyond optimum CNT loading results in lower tip displacement.
R-Q curve based evaluation method for current-limiting performance of DC R-SFCL in high voltage DC system
Authors: Li Bin , Wang Changqi , Ye Shilei , Yang Song , Xin Ying , Wen Weijie , Hong Wei , Sheng Chao , Zhong Lianhong , Duan Xinhui , Xiao Xiaoqing , Li Li 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The current-limiting performance of the dc resistive-type superconducting fault current limiter (dc R-SFCL) is vital to the reliability in the high voltage dc current (HVDC) transmission system. It is expensive and difficult to utilize the discharging process of the precharged dc capacitor to evaluate the current-limiting performance. In this paper, a R-Q curve based evaluation method for current-limiting performance of dc R-SFCLs in dc system is proposed, which replaces the dc impulse experiment with ac impulse experiment. A ± 160kV dc SFCL prototype is designed by Guangdong Power Grid Co., Ltd., and tested to acquire the experimental heat accumulation Q and the experimental R-Q curve. Accordingly, the mathematical model consistent with the prototype is built in PSCAD. Finally, a fault condition is simulated in dc system to verify the feasibility of the R-Q curve based evaluation method. It is shown that the proposed method has superior properties in simplifying the testing platform, reducing the test requirements and costs, and providing reference for precise modeling of SFCLs.
Dispersive detection of atomic ensembles in the presence of strong lensing
Authors: Deb A B , Chung J , Kjærgaard N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We experimentally and theoretically investigate in-medium propagation effects of off-resonant light in dense, spatially inhomogeneous ultracold atomic gases. Focussing on frequency modulation spectroscopy as the dispersive detection tool of atoms, we observe that the refractive gradient-index lenses presented by localised atomic ensembles can significantly modify the interpretation of the dispersive signal even for large probe detuning, owing to the collective response of the atoms. We identify criteria for distinguishing between thin and thick atomic lenses, leading to either diffraction-dominated and lensing dominated regimes for the outgoing probe beams. Our findings are consistent with experimental data and solutions of paraxial wave equation for light propagation. Our study provides important practical insights for dispersive, minimally intrusive optical detection and imaging schemes of ultracold atoms and will be valuable for choosing optimal parameter regimes in numerous applications.
Magnetic hyperthermia application of MnFe2O4 nanostructures processed through solvents with the varying boiling point
Authors: Chandunika R K , Vijayaraghavan R , Sahu Niroj Kumar 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article reports the synthesis of MnFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) by thermal decomposition method in different solvents such as diphenyl ether, benzyl ether and 1-octadecene with varying boiling point (bp). The physical and chemical properties of all the NPs were systematically studied. The NPs prepared using benzyl ether as solvent formed in cubic shape whereas spherical particles are formed in diphenyl ether and 1-octadecene. The solvent plays a significant role in the reaction and influence the morphology of the NPs. The hydrophobic particles are made hydrophilic by ligand exchange using tetramethyl-ammonium 11-aminoundecanote and the colloidal dispersion of the NPs are used for magnetic induction in varying alternating magnetic field (AMF) of frequency 314 kHz. The specific absorption rates that measure the heat generation in NPs are found to vary with the concentration of the NPs as well as the field strength. The cubic shaped NPs shows comparatively better SAR than the spherical NPs.
Pervaporation dehydration of bio-fuel (n-butanol) by dry thermal treatment membrane
Authors: Manshad Soheila , Isloor Arun M , Mohd Nawawi Mohd Ghazali , Inamuddin  , Khan Imran , Marwani Hadi M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In the present investigation, laboratory synthesized graphene oxide (GO) as a nano-filler was used in polyetherimide (PEI) flat-sheet membranes (PM). The PEI flat-sheet membrane was fabricated through a dry-thermal treatment (DTT) method. The effects of fabrication method were investigated on polyetherimide-GO membrane prepared by dry-thermal treatment (PMDTT). The morphological structure was investigated via different characterization; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), contact angle measurement and Raman spectra. The results indicated that, the hybrid PMDTT membrane displayed reasonably better pervaporation separation performance in comparison to neat PMDTT membranes. The concentrations of water at the permeate side of hybrid and neat PMDTT membrane were 99.3 and 90.9 wt.%, respectively. Hybrid membranes showed a 78.3% enhanced permeation rate. Enhancement of pervaporation property of hybrid PMDTT membrane could be ascribed mainly due to the presence of graphene oxide in the dense top layer. Overall, the blending of graphene oxide in hybrid PMDTT membranes could be a promising approach for enhancing the pervaporation properties of the membranes.
Integration of Genomic Medicine in Pathology Resident Training
Authors: Haspel Richard L , Genzen Jonathan R , Wagner Jay , Lockwood Christina M , Fong Karen ,   Training Residents in Genomics (TRIG) Working Group, Adesina Adekunle M , Browning Lisa , Chabot-Richards Devon , Cushman-Vokoun Allison M , D’Angelo Alix R , DeFrances Marie C , Devarakonda Siddhartha , Fernandes Helen , Fernandez Pedro , Gupta Ruta , Hurwitz Michael E , Lindeman Neal I , Nobori Alexander , Nohr Erik , Payton Jaqueline , Saylor Benjamin , Sobel Mark E , Stringer Keith F , Vanderbilt Chad M , Young Martin , Adesina Adekunle M , Browning Lisa , Chabot-Richards Devon , Cushman-Vokoun Allison M , D’Angelo Alix R , DeFrances Marie C , Devarakonda Siddhartha , Fernandes Helen , Fernandez Pedro , Gupta Ruta , Hurwitz Michael E , Lindeman Neal I , Nobori Alexander , Nohr Erik , Payton Jaqueline , Saylor Benjamin , Sobel Mark E , Stringer Keith F , Vanderbilt Chad M , Young Martin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
To assess current pathology resident training in genomic and molecular pathology.

Methods
The Training Residents in Genomics (TRIG) Working Group has developed survey questions for the pathology Resident In-Service Examination (RISE) since 2012. Responses to these questions, as well as knowledge questions, were analyzed.

Results
A total of 2,529 residents took the 2019 RISE. Since 2013, there has been an increase in postgraduate year 4 (PGY4) respondents indicating training in genomic medicine (58% to approximately 80%) but still less than almost 100% each year for molecular pathology. In 2019, PGY4 residents indicated less perceived knowledge and ability related to both genomic and traditional molecular pathology topics compared with control areas. Knowledge question results supported this subjective self-appraisal.

Conclusions
The RISE is a powerful tool for assessing the current state and also trends related to resident training in genomic pathology. The results show progress but also the need for improvement in not only genomic pathology but traditional molecular pathology training as well.