bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Biomarkers for Adjuvant Capecitabine Benefit in Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in the FinXX Clinical Trial
Authors: Asleh Karama , Brauer Heather Ann , Sullivan Amy , Lauttia Susanna , Lindman Henrik , Nielsen Torsten O. , Joensuu Heikki , Thompson E. Aubrey , Chumsri Saranya 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
Recent studies have demonstrated a benefit of adjuvant capecitabine in early breast cancer, particularly in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, TNBC is heterogeneous and more precise predictive biomarkers are needed.

Experimental Design:
Tumor tissues collected from TNBC patients in the FinXX trial, randomized to adjuvant anthracycline–taxane–based chemotherapy with or without capecitabine, were analyzed using a 770-gene panel targeting multiple biological mechanisms and additional 30-custom genes related to capecitabine metabolism. Hypothesis-generating exploratory analyses were performed to assess biomarker expression in relation to treatment effect using the Cox regression model and interaction tests adjusted for multiplicity.

Results:
One hundred eleven TNBC samples were evaluable (57 without capecitabine and 54 with capecitabine). The median follow-up was 10.2 years. Multivariate analysis showed significant improvement in recurrence-free survival (RFS) favoring capecitabine in four biologically important genes and metagenes, including cytotoxic cells [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.38; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.16–0.86, P-interaction = 0.01], endothelial (HR = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.20–2.22, P-interaction = 0.02), mast cells (HR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.49–1.27, P-interaction = 0.04), and PDL2 (HR = 0.31; 95% CI, 0.12–0.81, P-interaction = 0.03). Furthermore, we identified 38 single genes that were significantly associated with capecitabine benefit, and these were dominated by immune response pathway and enzymes involved in activating capecitabine to fluorouracil, including TYMP. However, these results were not significant when adjusted for multiple testing.

Conclusions:
Genes and metagenes related to antitumor immunity, immune response, and capecitabine activation could identify TNBC patients who are more likely to benefit from adjuvant capecitabine. Given the reduced power to observe significant findings when correcting for multiplicity, our findings provide the basis for future hypothesis-testing validation studies on larger clinical trials.
Tetrasporidium javanicum Möbius (Chlorophyta), a rare species recorded from Arpa River in Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Dwivedi Rakesh Kumar 
Published: January 2020

The freshwater green alga Tetrasporidium javanicum Möbius (Chlorophyta) has been reported from the Arpa River in Bilaspur, and for the first time from Chhattisgarh State of the India. The alga is threatened due to the destruction of the habitat by sand mining activities in the river.
A citizen science approach to monitoring of the Lion Panthera leo (Carnivora: Felidae) population in Niokolo-Koba National Park, Senegal
Authors: Dagorne Dimitri , Kanté Abdoulaye , Rose John B. 
Published: January 2020

A voluntary citizen science approach was used in a pilot study of the relict population of the Critically Endangered western African Lion Panthera leo in Niokolo-Koba National Park (NKNP) in Senegal. In total, 93 observations involving 253 lion sightings were made by NKNP guides and their clients over a period of four and a half years in the central tourist area of the Park which represents about 3% of the total area of NKNP. Identification sheets were produced for 10 individual lions on the basis of whisker spot patterns measured from photographs contributed by the tourists. Although we were not able to identify a sufficient number of individual lions to estimate the lion population in the zone, extensive data on the geographic distribution, age-class and sex, and behaviour of the observed lions are presented. Data are also presented to tentatively support a relationship between the annual variations in lion observations and the total rainfall in the preceding year. The advantages of this citizen science approach in terms of complementing mainstream science, as well as in promoting tourism development and conservation sensitisation, are discussed, and recommendations are made for pursuing this cooperative effort at a higher level of effectiveness.
The Bed and the Tomb
Authors: Weiberg Erika L. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Building on recent work on the materiality of props in Greek tragedy, this article focuses attention on Proteus’ tomb in Euripides’ Helen as a potent stage property that becomes central to the play’s developing discourse of recognition tokens. Analyzing the play’s allusions to Odyssey 23, this article argues that Helen raises expectations of a bed as sign in the recognition scene between Helen and Menelaus, an expectation that the recognition scene fulfills by positing the eidolon as an ‘empty bed’. After the couple’s delayed recognition, the tomb of Proteus replaces the phantom as material sign of the couple’s union, a solid ‘bed’ that enables their escape and is subsequently incorporated into an evolving discourse of signs known only to them. The cenotaph employed in the couple’s escape plan troubles this discourse of signs by replacing the material tomb with an empty one.
Self-help for taxonomists: three things we must do for taxonomy to survive
Authors: BOXSHALL GEOFF A. 
Published: January 2020

Knapp & Boxshall (2010) concluded that “at the very time when the importance of biodiversity has been realised, our capability of describing and documenting it has been eroded to a crisis point.” It seems to me that little has changed since then but other contributions are focusing on the overall problem so I want to use this article to highlight three practical challenges for taxonomy going forwards. 1. Maintaining and enhancing the system of Reciprocal Illumination. 2. Building and maintaining taxonomic information systems. 3. Addressing issues of societal relevance.
The Ongoing Need for High-Resolution Regional Climate Models: Process Understanding and Stakeholder Information
Authors: Gutowski W. J. , Ullrich P. A. , Hall A. , Leung L. R. , O’Brien T. A. , Patricola C. M. , Arritt R. W. , Bukovsky M. S. , Calvin K. V. , Feng Z. , Jones A. D. , Kooperman G. J. , Monier E. , Pritchard M. S. , Pryor S. C. , Qian Y. , Rhoades A. M. , Roberts A. F. , Sakaguchi K. , Urban N. , Zarzycki C. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTRegional climate modeling addresses our need to understand and simulate climatic processes and phenomena unresolved in global models. This paper highlights examples of current approaches to and innovative uses of regional climate modeling that deepen understanding of the climate system. High-resolution models are generally more skillful in simulating extremes, such as heavy precipitation, strong winds, and severe storms. In addition, research has shown that fine-scale features such as mountains, coastlines, lakes, irrigation, land use, and urban heat islands can substantially influence a region’s climate and its response to changing forcings. Regional climate simulations explicitly simulating convection are now being performed, providing an opportunity to illuminate new physical behavior that previously was represented by parameterizations with large uncertainties. Regional and global models are both advancing toward higher resolution, as computational capacity increases. However, the resolution and ensemble size necessary to produce a sufficient statistical sample of these processes in global models has proven too costly for contemporary supercomputing systems. Regional climate models are thus indispensable tools that complement global models for understanding physical processes governing regional climate variability and change. The deeper understanding of regional climate processes also benefits stakeholders and policymakers who need physically robust, high-resolution climate information to guide societal responses to changing climate. Key scientific questions that will continue to require regional climate models, and opportunities are emerging for addressing those questions.
Efficacy of gabapentin mouthwash in managing oral mucositis pain in patients undergoing chemotherapy: a prospective, randomised, double-blind, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Ala Shahram , Zamani Neda , Akbari Jafar , Salehifar Ebrahim , Janbabai Ghasem , Koulaeinejad Neda 
Published: January 2020

Background and aims Gabapentin has been used for the management of radiotherapy and chemotherapy induced stomatitis in a number of studies. Due to lack of sufficient evidence, the present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of gabapentin mouthwash in oral mucositis associated pain in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy. Methods and results This study was a prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. The patients were randomly divided into two groups receiving either the gabapentin or placebo mouthwash. Patients were advised to rinse their mouth with 7 ml of solution for 30 s three times a day and were visited 10 days after initiation of the trial. The intensity of pain and severity of oral mucositis were assessed. Thirty-one patients received gabapentin mouthwash while 27 patients received placebo. Both gabapentin and placebo mouthwashes had decreased the pain intensity almost equally and did not show a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.73). Also both gabapentin and placebo had reduced and improved swallowing, inflammation and erythema. But there was no noticeable difference between groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions These findings indicate that gabapentin mouthwash did not show a significant activity as a pain relieving agent in chemotherapy induced oral mucositis associated pain.
Immigration Crisis: The United States Under President Donald J. Trump
Authors: Pineo Ronn 
Published: January 2020

Rising crime, homicide, economic despair, infant mortality. The common narrative of the situation in the Northern Triangle nations of Central America, Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador, points to these grim circumstances to explain the exodus of families leaving for America. But it is not the case that conditions have worsened there in recent years; the best available data show improvement in many socioeconomic measures.  This article draws upon the best sources from the Northern Triangle, Mexico, US, and international organizations. Socioeconomic studies and analysis by universities, policy groups, and government agencies from the region provide details on the day-to-day experiences of ordinary people, the realities of poverty, crime, and violence.  The conclusions from these studies do not always match common suppositions. Homicides are down, but El Salvador and Honduras remain two of the most dangerous countries in the world. In the Northern Triangle, economic growth has been above the regional average, while the percentage of families living in poverty in Guatemala is actually increasing as income distribution worsens. More Central American families are migrating to the USA than ever before, but far fewer total immigrants are coming to America as the immigration from Mexico has declined.  This article concludes with policy recommendations. Since the US economy is creating more jobs than entrants into the workforce. US immigration policies should be adjusted to match economic needs and must be changed to reflect its highest humanitarian values.
Why India Is Not Quite a Part of the Asian Miracle
Authors: Desai Meghnad 
Published: January 2020

This paper seeks to explain the low growth trajectory of India vis-a-vis East Asia in a historical and cultural perspective. It is argued that the Indian subcontinent was culturally separated from Buddhism and therefore from an egalitarian social possibility after the first millennium CE. A brief history of Indian economic development since independence is provided in light of the introductory historical account. JEL: N15, O10, O53
Pneumonectomy for left-sided non-small cell lung cancer: analysis of 111 cases over 10 years
Authors: Baram Aram , Ramzi Ramzi Mowffaq , Al Bermani Salam 
Published: January 2020

Background Pulmonary resection is the preferred therapeutic option for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite the physiological insult, pneumonectomy (PN) may be unavoidable in patients with early-stage central tumors. This study aimed to analyze the management of early-stage left-sided NSCLC by PN. Methods This was a prospective observational study of patients with different stages of NSCLC who underwent left PN over a 10-year period. In-hospital morbidity and mortality and long-term survival were calculated. Results A total of 111 patients were enrolled (aged 46–80 years). Preoperatively, 53.2% of patients had stage IIIA, 32.4% stage IIB, and 14.4% had stage IIA disease. Postoperatively, the number of patients with stage IIA and IIB decreased while stage IIIA increased. All PNs were radical. The 5- and 10-year survival rates in stage IIA patients were 42.8% and14.2%, respectively, in stage IIB patients were 56.25% and 3.1%, and the 5-year survival in stage IIIA patients was 22. 5%. The overall 1-, 2-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates were 94.6%, 77.47%, 34.23%, and 2.7%, respectively. Conclusions The operative mortality, morbidity, and 5-year survival rates of patients with NSCLC after PN matched the international standards. Left PN might be unavoidable for patients with centrally located tumors.
Effect of Light-Curable Fluoride Varnish and Conventional Topical Fluoride Varnish on Prevention of Enamel Demineralization Adjacent to Orthodontic Brackets: A Comparative Study
Authors: Chakraborty Sudipta , Kidiyoor Harshavardhan , Patil Anand K. 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: Various fluoride varnishes have shown promising result in preventing enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets as they do not depend on patient compliance. The objective of the study was to compare the effect of light-curable fluoride varnish (Clinpro XT) and conventional topical fluoride varnish (Fluoritop SR) in preventing enamel demineralization adjacent to orthodontic brackets. Methods: 20 patients who required extraction of four first premolars for orthodontic treatment were bonded with orthodontic brackets and each premolar received single application of Clinpro XT and Fluoritop SR fluoride varnish in 2 diagonally opposite quadrants and rest 2 premolars acted as control. The sample teeth were debonded and extracted after 1 month and 2 months of varnish application. The samples were sectioned using hard tissue microtome and evaluated under polarized light microscopy to measure the depth of demineralization. Results: Kolmogorov Smirnov test showed normal distribution of data. Comparison between the study groups with depth of demineralization scores showed statistically significant variation in one-way analysis of variance test. Turkey’s multiple post hoc procedures showed statistically significant difference in the depth of demineralization between all the 3 groups after 1 month and 2 months. Dependent t test showed statistically significant increment in the depth of demineralization in all the 3 groups between 1 month and 2 months. Conclusion: This study concluded that single application of both Fluoritop SR and Clinpro XT was effective in reducing significant depth of demineralization compared to control. Clinpro XT showed significantly less demineralization compared to Fluoritop SR after 1 month and 2 months of varnish application.
The occupational repertoires of children with mobility difficulties: The child’s perspective
Authors: Pontes Tatiana Barcelos , Mah Katie , Arnold Adrianne K , Polatajko Helene J , Davis Jane A 
Published: January 2020

Introduction Children with mobility difficulties are thought to share similar participation repertoires due to the impact of their physical impairments. However, with these children, as with all others, individual differences and contexts should mediate occupational repertoires and experiences, resulting in participation differences, at least in part. This study aimed to explore the occupational repertoires of children with mobility difficulties and their view of their occupational participation. Methods Five children with mobility difficulties were assessed using the paediatric activity card sort, to establish their occupational repertoires. Semi-structured interviews were used to understand the children’s occupational participation. Findings Our findings suggest that children with mobility issues are more likely to participate in quiet occupations, but not exclusively. The children defined participation in their own way. Conclusion The knowledge about how children with mobility difficulties understand participation in occupation can help occupational therapists to establish goals with their clients and personalise interventions.
Do workplace contextual factors engender abusive supervision?
Authors: Khan Shahid 
Published: January 2020

Drawing upon affective events theory (AET), this study seeks to investigate the effects of workplace contextual factors – such as procedural justice climate (PJC), or a lack thereof – on subordinates’ ‘perception of abusive supervision’ (AS), which is largely overlooked in the domain of AS. The data (213 subordinates across 51 work groups) showed that subordinates’ perception of AS and their feelings of anger, in turn, mediated the deleterious effects of PJC (or a lack thereof) on subordinates’ organisational citizenship behaviours (OCBs). The study contributes to the AS literature by highlighting and investigating PJC, building on understanding around subordinates’ perceptions of AS. Also, by incorporating a two-stage mediating mechanism (stage 1: AS, stage 2: anger), this study investigates the full impact of the cascading effects of AS. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. JEL Classification: C3, C31, C91, D23
Carbon monoxide intoxication in geriatric patients: How important are lactate values at admission?
Authors: Doğruyol S , Akbaş I , Tekin E , Doğruyol MT 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics and treatment modalities of elderly patients with carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication. The secondary aim was to evaluate the importance of plasma lactate values in the diagnosis of acute CO intoxication in geriatric patients. Methods: Data on geriatric patients who were admitted to the emergency department of Atatürk University Medical Faculty between January 2013 and April 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Of the 197 cases included in the study, 97 were in the intoxication group and 100 were in the control group; 82.5% of the intoxication cases had mild neurological symptoms and 17.5% had severe neurological symptoms. Carboxyhemoglobin levels were significantly higher in patients with severe neurological symptoms ( p = 0.031). All patients with severe neurological symptoms received hyperbaric-oxygen therapy ( p < 0.001). In the intoxication group, lactate levels were significantly higher than in the control group ( p = 0.001). The specificity for lactate 4 mmol/L and above was found as 98.0% with a positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 84.5% and 53.3%, respectively. Conclusion: High initial lactate levels may be a guide for cases with nonspecific symptoms in geriatric patients with suspected CO intoxication.
Protective effects of spirulina against hemato-biochemical alterations, nephrotoxicity, and DNA damage upon lead exposition
Authors: Gargouri M , Akrouti A , Magné C , El Feki A , Soussi A 
Published: January 2020

The current study was aimed at exploring the protective efficacy of spirulina against the hemato-biochemical alterations and nephrotoxicity induced by lead (Pb). Female rats aged 12 weeks were treated for 4 weeks with Pb (0.344 g kg−1 bw) associated or not with spirulina (5.3 g kg−1 bw). Renal damage induced by Pb was related to a severe anemia, increases of oxidative stress-related parameters (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (+29%), protein carbonyl (PCO) (+66.3%), and advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) (+110%)), plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (+80%), creatinine and urea levels in plasma, and uric acid concentration in urine, as well as genotoxic changes (+89.3% and +60% for DNA and mRNA levels, respectively). Conversely, LDH and antioxidant enzyme activities in kidney were decreased, as well as the levels of plasma uric acid, and urinary creatinine and urea levels. Spirulina-supplemented rats exhibited normal peripheral blood and renal parameters and renal histology. It can be suggested that Arthrospira platensis alleviates damages induced by Pb, thanks to its high phenolic content and antioxidant capacity.
New surgical approach for sutureless scleral fixation
Authors: Veronese Chiara , Maiolo Chiara , Armstrong Grayson W , Primavera Laura , Torrazza Carlo , Della Mora Livia , Ciardella Antonio P 
Published: January 2020

Purpose: The aim of this article is to describe a novel surgical technique for sutureless scleral fixation of an intraocular lens using the newly developed FIL SSF Carlevale IOL (Soleko, Italy). Methods: Four eyes of four patients with poor capsular support were recruited to our study, three resulting from intraocular lens subluxation and one case resulting from traumatic cataract. A novel sutureless sclera-fixated intraocular lens was implanted into the posterior chamber of each eye with sclerocorneal plugs fixating the lens to the wall of the eye. Results: Mean age of patients was 52 ± 16 years, ranging from 35 to 70 years. Mean follow-up was 6.50 ± 1.29 months (range: 5–7 months). Mean preoperative best-corrected visual acuity was 0.50 ± 0.33 logMAR (range: 1–0.3 logMAR). Postoperative best-corrected visual acuity improved to 0.08 ± 0.08 logMAR (range: 0.2–0 logMAR). There was no significant change in the mean intraocular pressure and there were no postoperative complications, such as iatrogenic distortion or breakage of the intraocular lens haptic, intraocular lens decentration, endophthalmitis, or retinal detachment. Discussion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of outcomes using the novel sutureless sclera-fixated FIL SSF Carlevale IOL. This new surgical technique offers a simplified and effective approach for sutureless scleral intraocular lens fixation with good refractive outcomes.