bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Participating in core outcome set development via Delphi surveys: qualitative interviews provide pointers to inform guidance
Authors: Biggane Alice M , Williamson Paula R , Ravaud Philippe , Young Bridget 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTo explore participants’ views of Delphi surveys in core outcome set (COS) development.Study design and settingPatients and health professionals (n=24) from seven recently concluded COS studies that had involved a Delphi survey took part in semistructured qualitative interviews (telephone and email exchange). Interviews explored participants’ understanding of COS and their experiences of the Delphi survey. Analysis was thematic.ResultsSeveral interviewees had previously participated in two or more COS or Delphi surveys. Those with multiple experiences of participation generally understood the purpose of COS and were satisfied with the Delphi survey. However, some interviewees who were first-time participants struggled to understand the purpose of COS and aspects of the Delphi survey, which limited their contribution and satisfaction with the study. Interviewees also differed in how they interpreted and subsequently used the written documentation provided to COS participants. Some interviewees wanted guidance regarding whose perspective to take into account when scoring outcomes and on how to use the scoring system. Interviewees reported being motivated to take part by the international and expert consensus aspects of the Delphi survey. A few interviewees reported experiencing either positive or negative emotional impacts arising from when they reviewed outcomes and stakeholder feedback.ConclusionThis study identifies important information that should be communicated to COS Delphi study participants. It also indicates the importance of communicating about COS Delphi studies in ways that are accessible and salient to participants, to enhance their experience of participation and make the process more meaningful for all.
Cohort profile: the Health of Philippine Emigrants Study (HoPES) to examine the health impacts of international migration from the Philippines to the USA
Authors: de Castro A B , Hing Anna K , Lee Nanette R , Kabamalan Maria Midea M , Llave Karen , Crespi Catherine M , Wang May , Gee Gilbert 
Published: November 2019

PurposeThe Health of Philippine Emigrants Study (HoPES) longitudinally investigates over 3 years whether migrating from the Philippines to the USA results in increased risk for obesity relative to non-migrants in the Philippines. The study is designed to test the healthy immigrant hypothesis by collecting health measures from migrants starting from a pre-migration baseline and enrolling a non-migrant cohort matched on age, gender and education for comparison.ParticipantsA migrant cohort (n=832; 36.5% of eligible individuals) was recruited from clients of the Commission on Filipinos Overseas prior to exiting the Philippines. A non-migrant cohort (n=805; 68.6% eligible individuals) was recruited from community households in municipalities throughout the cities of Manila and Cebu. By intention, these two cohorts are comparable demographically, including urban/rural status of residency in the Philippines at baseline.Findings to dateAt baseline, compared with non-migrants, migrants report significantly better self-rated health and less depression, and have significantly larger hip circumference and lower waist-to-hip ratio, as well as significantly higher mean systolic blood pressure and higher mean level of apolipoprotein B. Baseline results can offer insight into the health status of both migrant and non-migrant populations and may be useful for obesity prevention efforts.Future plansLongitudinal data collection is scheduled to be completed in December 2020 when the final data collection wave (36 months after baseline) will conclude. Both migrant and non-migrant cohorts will be maintained beyond the current prospective study, so long as research funding allows and emerges for new study questions. Findings from future longitudinal analyses can inform the need and design of health-related/relevant interventions, whether clinical, behavioural, educational, or policy, that can be implemented at the individual or population level.
Premedication practices for tracheal intubation in neonates transported by French medical transport teams: a prospective observational study
Authors: Carbajal Ricardo , Lode Noella , Ayachi Azzedine , Chouakri Ourida , Henry-Larzul Véronique , Kessous Katia , Normand Audrey , Courtois Emilie , Rousseau Jessica , Cimerman Patricia , Chabernaud Jean-Louis 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesPremedication practices for neonatal tracheal intubations have not yet been described for neonatal transport teams. Our objective is to describe the use of sedation/analgesia (SA) for tracheal intubations and to assess its tolerance in neonates transported by medical transport teams in France.SettingThis prospective observational study was part of the EPIPPAIN 2 project and collected around-the-clock data on SA practices in neonates intubated by all five paediatric medical transport teams of the Paris region during a 2-month period. Intubations were classified as emergent, semiemergent and non-emergent. Sedation level and conditions of intubation were assessed with the Tonus, Reactivity, Awareness and Conditions of intubation to Help in Endotracheal intubation Assessment (TRACHEA score). The scores range from 0 to 10 representing an increasing ladder from adequate to inadequate sedation, and from excellent to very poor conditions of intubation.Participants40 neonates intubated in 28 different centres.ResultsThe mean (SD) age was 34.9 (3.9) weeks, and 62.5% were intubated in the delivery room. 30/40 (75%) of intubations were performed with the use of SA. In 18/30 (60.0%) intubations performed with SA, the drug regimen was the association of sufentanil and midazolam. Atropine was given in 19/40 intubations. From the 16, 21 and 3 intubations classified as emergent, semiemergent and non-emergent, respectively, 8 (50%), 19 (90.5%) and 3 (100%) were performed with SA premedication. 79.3% of intubations performed with SA had TRACHEA scores of 3 or less. 22/40 (55%) infants had at least one of the following adverse events: muscle rigidity, bradycardia below 100/min, desaturation below 80% and nose or pharynx–larynx bleeding. 7/24 (29.2%) of those who had only one attempt presented at least one of these adverse events compared with 15/16 (93.8%) of those who needed two or more attempts (p<0.001).ConclusionSA premedication is largely feasible for tracheal intubations performed in neonates transported by medical transport teams including intubations judged as emergent or semiemergent.Trial registration numberNCT01346813; Results.
Biathlon Injury and Illness Surveillance project (BIIS): development of biathlon-specific surveillance forms in English, Russian, French and German
Authors: Van Dyk Carlee , Panagodage Perera Nirmala , Carrabre James E , Manfredini Fabio , Fitzpatrick Jane 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveThe aim of this project was to adapt the English, French, German and Russian versions of the International Olympic Committee (IOC)injury and illness surveillance formto be sport-specific for use in biathlon.Methods23 medical representatives from 16 of the 55 biathlon federations participated in this project to adapt the form and create disease coding relevant to biathlon. The English version of theIOC injury and illness surveillance formwas used as the primary template. Four review rounds were used to develop electronic fillable PDF forms. The changes were then forward translated onto the Russian, French and German forms.ResultsChanges were made to event type to biathlon-specific events. A weekly reporting format was adopted in line with the race week format of World Cup events. Wherever possible, coding replaced free-text format to avoid translation issues. New codes were created to describe the time of injury/illness. A new symptom code was added to reflect the prevalence of respiratory infection: sore throat/cold symptoms. As the number of athletes in a team differs between weeks in the season, an additional question was added to ask for the ‘number of athletes in the team for the week’ and for the season.ConclusionThis project provides a biathlon-specific injury and illness surveillance form in English, French, German and Russian. This forms the basis for surveillance that will contribute to a greater understanding of the illness and injury rate in elite biathletes and ultimately to enhanced athlete well-being and success in biathlon, and winter sports more generally.
Suicide among persons who entered same-sex and opposite-sex marriage in Denmark and Sweden, 1989–2016: a binational, register-based cohort study
Authors: Erlangsen Annette , Drefahl Sven , Haas Ann , Bjorkenstam Charlotte , Nordentoft Merete , Andersson Gunnar 
Published: November 2019

BackgroundPeople belonging to sexual minority groups have higher levels of suicidality than heterosexuals. However, findings regarding suicide death are sparse. Using unique national data from two countries, we investigated whether individuals entering a same-sex marriage (SSM), a proxy group of sexual minority individuals, had higher suicide rates than those entering opposite-sex marriage (OSM).MethodsA cohort study of all males and females who entered an SSM (n=28 649) or OSM (n=3 918 617) in Denmark and Sweden during 1989–2016 was conducted. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for suicide were calculated using adjusted Poisson regression models.ResultsIn total, 97 suicides occurred among individuals who had entered an SSM compared with 6074 among those who entered an OSM, corresponding to an adjusted IRR of 2.3 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.8). For people who entered SSM, a 46% decline was noted over time from an IRR of 2.8 (95% CI 1.9 to 4.0) during 1989–2002 to 1.5 (95% CI 1.2 to 1.9) during 2003–2016. The excess suicide mortality was present in all age groups but most pronounced among younger individuals aged 18–34 years of age (IRR 2.7, 95% CI 1.5 to 4.8) and females (IRR 2.7, 95% CI 1.8 to 3.9).ConclusionThis large register-based study found higher suicide rates among individuals who entered an SSM, compared with those who entered an OSM. A lower suicide rate was noted for individuals in SSMs in recent years. More research is needed to identify the unique suicide risk and protective factors for sexual minority people.
From individual to collective behaviours: exploring population heterogeneity of human mobility based on social media data
Authors: Liao Yuan , Yeh Sonia , Jeuken Gustavo S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper examines the population heterogeneity of travel behaviours from a combined perspective of individual actors and collective behaviours. We use a social media dataset of 652,945 geotagged tweets generated by 2,933 Swedish Twitter users covering an average time span of 3.6 years. No explicit geographical boundaries, such as national borders or administrative boundaries, are applied to the data. We use spatial features, such as geographical characteristics and network properties, and apply a clustering technique to reveal the heterogeneity of geotagged activity patterns. We find four distinct groups of travellers: local explorers (78.0%), local returners (14.4%), global explorers (7.3%), and global returners (0.3%). These groups exhibit distinct mobility characteristics, such as trip distance, diffusion process, percentage of domestic trips, visiting frequency of the most-visited locations, and total number of geotagged locations. Geotagged social media data are gradually being incorporated into travel behaviour studies as user-contributed data sources. While such data have many advantages, including easy access and the flexibility to capture movements across multiple scales (individual, city, country, and globe), more attention is still needed on data validation and identifying potential biases associated with these data. We validate against the data from a household travel survey and find that despite good agreement of trip distances (one-day and long-distance trips), we also find some differences in home location and the frequency of international trips, possibly due to population bias and behaviour distortion in Twitter data. Future work includes identifying and removing additional biases so that results from geotagged activity patterns may be generalised to human mobility patterns. This study explores the heterogeneity of behavioural groups and their spatial mobility including travel and day-to-day displacement. The findings of this paper could be relevant for disease prediction, transport modelling, and the broader social sciences.
Some splitting theorems for local cohomology modules with respect to a pair of ideals
Authors: Naal Batoul , Khashyarmanesh Kazem 
Published: November 2019

Suppose that [Formula: see text] is a commutative ring with identity, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] are ideals of [Formula: see text], and let [Formula: see text] be a finitely generated [Formula: see text]-module. Let [Formula: see text] be the [Formula: see text]th local cohomology functor with respect to [Formula: see text]. In this paper, for fixed integers [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], we study the existence of the following isomorphisms of local cohomology modules: (i) [Formula: see text]; (ii) [Formula: see text]; and, (iii) [Formula: see text] for some filter regular element [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text]. Moreover, we provide some applications of the above isomorphisms.
Time-dependent regulation of postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates after milk protein ingestion in young men
Authors: van Vliet Stephan , Beals Joseph W. , Holwerda Andrew M. , Emmons Russell S. , Goessens Joy P. , Paluska Scott A. , De Lisio Michael , van Loon Luc J. C. , Burd Nicholas A. 
Published: November 2019

The anabolic action of “fast” whey protein on the regulation of postprandial muscle protein synthesis has been established to be short-lived in healthy young adults. We assessed the time course of anabolic signaling activation and stimulation of myofibrillar protein synthesis rates (MPS) after ingestion of a food source that represents a more typical meal-induced pattern of aminoacidemia. Seven young men (age: 22 ± 1 y) underwent repeated blood and biopsy sampling during primed, continuous l-[ ring-2H5]phenylalanine and l-[1-13C]leucine tracer infusions and ingested 38 g of l-[1-13C]phenylalanine- and l-[1-13C]leucine-labeled milk protein concentrate. A total of ∼27 ± 4 (∼10 g) and ∼31 ± 1% (∼12 g) of dietary protein-derived amino acids were released in circulation between 0 and 120 min and 120–300 min, respectively, of the postprandial period. l-[ ring-2H5]phenylalanine-based MPS increased above basal (0.025 ± 0.008%/h) by ∼75% (0.043 ± 0.009%/h; P = 0.05) between 0 and 120 min and by ∼86% (0.046 ± 0.004%/h; P = 0.02) between 120 and 300 min, respectively. l-[1-13C]leucine-based MPS increased above basal (0.027 ± 0.002%/h) by ∼72% (0.051 ± 0.016%/h; P = 0.10) between 0 and 120 min and by ∼62% (0.047 ± 0.004%/h; P = 0.001) between 120 and 300 min, respectively. Myofibrillar protein-bound l-[1-13C]phenylalanine increased over time ( P < 0.001) and equaled 0.004 ± 0.001, 0.008 ± 0.002, 0.017 ± 0.004, and 0.020 ± 0.003 mole percent excess at 60, 120, 180, and 300 min, respectively, of the postprandial period. Milk protein ingestion increased mTORC1 phosphorylation at 120, 180, and 300 min of the postprandial period (all P < 0.05). Our results show that ingestion of 38 g of milk protein results in sustained increases in MPS throughout a 5-h postprandial period in healthy young men. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The stimulation of muscle protein synthesis after whey protein ingestion is short-lived due to its transient systemic appearance of amino acids. Our study characterized the muscle anabolic response to a protein source that results in a more gradual release of amino acids into circulation. Our work demonstrates that a sustained increase in postprandial plasma amino acid availability after milk protein ingestion results in a prolonged stimulation of muscle protein synthesis rates in healthy young men.
Impact of Prior Bevacizumab Treatment on VEGF-A and PlGF Levels and Outcome Following Second-Line Aflibercept Treatment: Biomarker Post Hoc Analysis of the VELOUR Trial
Authors: Van Cutsem Eric , Paccard Caroline , Chiron Marielle , Tabernero Josep 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Purpose:
Aflibercept is a targeted anti-VEGF therapy used to treat patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) following progression on oxaliplatin-based regimens. This post hoc study evaluated the effect of prior bevacizumab treatment and growth factor levels on patient outcomes associated with aflibercept in the VELOUR phase III trial.

Experimental Design:
Baseline biomarker plasma concentrations were measured using a bead-based multiplex assay. Patients were grouped according to prior bevacizumab treatment, second-line treatment, and serum biomarker concentrations, and analyzed for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).

Results:
Plasma samples were available for 553 patients (placebo n = 265; aflibercept n = 288), of which 169 had received prior bevacizumab. Nine biomarkers implicated in angiogenesis or bevacizumab resistance correlated with prior bevacizumab therapy. VEGF-A and placental growth factor (PlGF) were the most significantly increased in patients who had received prior bevacizumab compared with those who had not received prior bevacizumab. In the placebo group, patients with high VEGF-A (&gt;144 pg/mL) levels at baseline had worse OS and PFS compared with patients with lower levels at baseline (9.6 vs. 12.9 months). This was also seen in patients who received placebo and had high baseline PlGF (&gt;8 pg/mL; 9.7 vs. 11.7 months). In the aflibercept group, prolonged OS and PFS were observed regardless of baseline VEGF-A or PlGF levels.

Conclusions:
High VEGF-A and PlGF serum levels may underlie development of resistance to bevacizumab in patients with mCRC. Aflibercept retains its activity regardless of baseline VEGF-A and PlGF levels and may be an effective second-line treatment for patients with bevacizumab-induced resistance.
Impact of Autonomic Regulation Therapy in Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Konstam Marvin A. , Udelson James E. , Butler Javed , Klein Helmut U. , Parker John D. , Teerlink John R. , Wedge Patricia M. , Saville Benjamin R. , Ardell Jeffrey L. , Libbus Imad , DiCarlo Lorenzo A. ,   for the ANTHEM-HFrEF Investigators and Coordinators
Published: November 2019

Background:
The ANTHEM-HFrEF (Autonomic Regulation Therapy to Enhance Myocardial Function and Reduce Progression of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) pivotal study is an adaptive, open-label, randomized, controlled study evaluating whether autonomic regulation therapy will benefit patients with advanced HFrEF. While early-phase studies have supported potential use of vagus nerve stimulation to deliver autonomic regulation therapy for HFrEF, results of larger clinical trials have been inconsistent. The ANTHEM-HFrEF study uses a novel design, with adaptive sample size selection, evaluating effects on morbidity and mortality as well as symptoms and function.

Methods:
The ANTHEM-HFrEF study will randomize patients (2:1) to autonomic regulation therapy plus guideline-directed medical therapy, or guideline-directed medical therapy alone. The morbidity and mortality trial utilizes a conventional frequentist approach for analysis of the primary outcome end point—reduction in the composite of cardiovascular death or first HF hospitalization—and a Bayesian adaptive approach toward sample size selection. Embedded within the ANTHEM-HFrEF study is a second trial evaluating improvement in symptoms and function. Symptom/function success will require meeting 2 risk-related conditions (trend for reduced cardiovascular death/HF hospitalization and sufficient freedom from device-related serious adverse events) and 3 efficacy end point components (changes in left ventricular EF, 6-minute walk distance, and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire overall score).

Conclusions:
Vagus nerve stimulation remains a promising, yet unproven treatment in HFrEF. A successful ANTHEM-HFrEF pivotal study would provide an important advance in HFrEF treatment and offer a model for expediting evaluation of new therapies.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT03425422.
Making Community Work: Constructing Singapore’s Start-Up Community
Authors: Kripe Zane 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Based on an ethnographic study of technology entrepreneurs in Singapore between 2011 and 2015, this article explores ‘community’ as an emic concept for those involved in the production of web technologies. One major area in which the concept was used was in the organization of social relationships amongst those who saw themselves as occupied with technology start-ups. However, successful applications were not free of contradictions and required significant investment. This article then takes issue with the often-implicit understanding in academic as well as popular discussions of (digital) communities as organically emerging and self-organizing. Looking at how the notion of ‘community’ operates in practice makes it apparent that in the digital economy it is applied strategically and is considered a highly productive concept in capital production and extraction.