bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of RNA&nbsp;m6A&nbsp;Methylation in the Regulation of Postnatal Hypoxia-induced Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: xu shanshan , Xu Xuefeng , Zhang Ziming , Yan Lingling , Zhang Liyan , Du Lizhong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex pulmonary vascular disease characterized by an imbalance in vasoconstrictor/vasodilator signaling within the pulmonary vasculature. Recent evidence suggests that exposure to hypoxia early in life can cause alterations in the pulmonary vasculature and lead to the development of PH. However, the long-term impact of postnatal hypoxia on lung development and pulmonary function remains unknown. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulates gene expression and governs many important biological processes. However, the function of m6A in the development of PH remains poorly characterized. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to test the two-fold hypothesis that 1) postnatal exposure to hypoxia would alter lung development leading to PH in adult rats, and 2) m6A modification would change in rats exposed to hypoxia, suggesting it plays a role in the development of PH.Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to a hypoxic environment (FiO2: 12%) within 24 h after birth for 2 weeks. PH was defined as an increased right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and pathologic changes of pulmonary vasculature measured by α-SMA immunohistochemical staining. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) was performed to analyze m6A modification changes in lung tissue between 2 and 9 weeks following exposure to postnatal hypoxia.Results: mean pulmonary arterial pressure, lung/body weight ratio, and the Fulton index was significantly greater in rats exposed to hypoxia when compared to control and the difference persisted into adulthood. m6A methyltransferase and demethylase proteins were significantly downregulated in postnatal hypoxia-induced PH. Distinct m6A modification peak-related genes differed between the two groups, and these genes were associated with lung development.Conclusions: Our results indicate postnatal hypoxia dysregulates lung development, leading to PH, and may have a long-term effect on adult rat lung development via the alterations in pulmonary vasculature function. METTL3, a m6A methyltransferase, was elevated in rats exposed to postnatal hypoxia in both the postnatal period and in adulthood, suggesting that it contributes to the development of PH following postnatal hypoxia. Our findings provide new insights into the impact of postnatal hypoxia and the role of m6A in the development of pulmonary vascular pathophysiology.
Stem Vacuole-targeted Sucrose Isomerase Enhances Sugar Accumulation in Sorghum
Authors: Liu Guoquan , Zhang Yan , Gong Hao , Li Shan , Pan Yunrong , Davis Christopher , Jing Hai-Chun , Wu Luguang , Godwin Ian D. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Sugar accumulation is critically important in determining sugar crop productivity. However, improvement in sugar content has been stagnant among sugar crops for decades. Sorghum, especially sweet sorghum with high biomass, has shown great potential for biofuel. In this study, sorghum was investigated as a C4 diploid model for crops with more complicated genomes such as maize and sugarcane. To enhance sugar accumulation, the sucrose isomerase (SI) gene, driven by stem-specific promoters (A2 or LSG) with a vacuole-targeted signal peptide, was transformed into the sorghum inbred line (Tx430).Results: The study demonstrated that transgenic lines of grain sorghum, containing 50-60% isomaltulose, accumulated sevenfold (804 mM) more total sugar than the control Tx430 did (118 mM) in stalks. Subsequently, the elite engineered lines (A5, and LSG9) were crossed with sweet sorghum (R9188, and Rio). Total sugar contents (over 750 mM), were significantly higher in F1, and F2 progenies than the control Rio (480 mM). The sugar contents of the engineered lines (over 750 mM), including T0, T1, F1, and F2, are higher than that of the field-grown sugarcane (normal range 600-700 mmol/L). Additionally, physiological characterization demonstrated that the superior progenies had notably higher rates of photosynthesis, sucrose transport, and sink strength than the controls.Conclusions: The genetic engineering approach has significantly enhanced total sugar content in grain sorghum (T0, and T1) and hybrid sorghum (F1, and F2), demonstrating that sorghum can accumulate sugar contents as high or higher than sugarcane. This research puts sorghum in the spotlight and frontier as a biofuel crop, particularly as it is a shorter duration crop. The substantial increase in sugar content would lead to enormous financial benefits for industrial utilization. This study could have a substantial impact on renewable bioenergy. More importantly, our results demonstrated that the phenotype of high sugar accumulation is inheritable and shed light on improvement for other sugar crops.
Identification of Key Pathways and Genes in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Based on Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Li Hao , Zong Shimin , Wen Yingying , Du Peiyu , Yu Wenting , Wu Nan , Zong Gang , Xiao Hongjun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify novel molecular markers and potential molecular targets for NPC based on bioinformatics analysis.Methods: We used bioinformatics to analyze one miRNA and two mRNA expression microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The study included nasopharyngeal tissue samples from 57 patients with NPC and 32 patients without NPC. Fifty-one screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were evaluated by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signal pathway enrichment analyses, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Results: The GO analysis results showed that the DEGs were mainly related to cell cycle checkpoints, cell division, and DNA synthesis during DNA repair. The KEGG analysis results suggested that the DEGs were mainly associated with extracellular matrix receptor interactions. In the PPI network, we identified RAD51AP1, MAD2L1, SPP1, CCNE2, CNTNAP2, and MELK as hub genes, clustered a key module, and identified eight key transcription factors: TFII-I, Pax-5, STAT4, GR-alpha, YY1, C/EBPβ, GRβ, and TFIID. Conclusion: The hub genes and signaling pathways identified above may play an important role in NPC development and provide ideas for the selection of valuable prognostic markers and the development of new molecular-targeted drugs.
Joint Improvements of Radar/infrared Stealth for Exhaust System of Unmanned Aircraft Based on Sorting Factor Pareto Solution
Authors: Zhou Zeyang , Huang Jun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In order to reduce the radar cross section (RCS) of the unmanned aircraft while suppressing its infrared signature, a comprehensive design method (CDM) based on sorting factor Pareto solution is presented. The physical optics and physical diffraction theory are used to evaluate the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the aircraft, and the Monte Carlo and ray tracing method are used to evaluate the infrared radiation intensity of the exhaust system. CDM is used to evaluate and screen each individual in each offspring, and the design parameters and sub-models of the aircraft exhaust system are continuously improved. The results show that the exhaust port model, lower baffle and nozzle height are the main factors affecting the RCS indicators, nozzle stages, exhaust port model, lower baffle and outer width make the main contribution to infrared radiation suppression. The presented CDM is efficient and effective in enhancing the radar/infrared integrated stealth performance of the aircraft.
Effect of Self-Care Education Based on Team Members Teaching Design on Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fakhravari Fariba , Dehghani Ali , Hojat Mohsen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMultiple sclerosis diseases threatens independence and self-efficacy for effective participation in family and community. Patients' low self-efficacy affects their ability to cope with problems and stress, depression their level of motivation in difficult situations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of self-care education by team member teaching on self-efficacy in Multiple sclerosis patients. MethodsIn the randomized controlled trial study, 40 Multiple sclerosis patients from Jahrom MS society were selected by simple random sampling and then were divided into intervention and control groups by random allocation. In the intervention group, 6 training sessions were held twice a week for 60 minutes. Data were collected using Multiple Sclerosis Self-Efficacy Scale before, immediately and one month after intervention in both groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 and descriptive statistics, chi-square test, repeated measurements and ANOVA at significant level of 0.05.ResultsPatients in intervention and control groups were matched for demographic variables such as age, gender, marital status, education, occupation and so on. The mean score of self-efficacy in before, immediately and one month after intervention significantly different showed in intervention group (p = 0.001), whereas these changes were not significant in the control group (0.228). Self-efficacy scores were also significantly different between control and intervention groups at immediately and one month after intervention (p = 0.001).ConclusionBased on the findings, the team training approach provides a simple and safe learning for patients and leads to the improvement of self-efficacy in Multiple sclerosis patients.
Identification of High-risk Genes in Triple-negative Breast Cancer by Bioinformatics
Authors: Lu Xiang , Chen Caiping , Ni GuiHong , Tao Min 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Current research has failed to find a target gene for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), which has resulted in the treatment for TNBC being less effective than that for other types of breast cancer. Finding high-risk genes for TNBC by bioinformatics may help to identify target genes for TNBC.Methods: The gene expression data of 4 chips (GSE7904, GSE31448, GSE45827, GSE65194) which contains of normal breast tissue and TNBC tissue were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between normal breast tissue and TNBC tissue were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) functional annotation analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs were performed by the DAVID website. Protein-protein interaction network analysis of DEGs was carried out by the STRING website, and the results were imported into Cytoscape. Then, module analysis was carried out by using the MCODE app. The online tool of the Kaplan-Meier Plotter website was used to analyse associations between relapse-free survival (RFS) and the expression of genes obtained by MCODE, and the metastasis-free survival (MFS) data from GSE58812 were used for survival verification. The difference in the expression of the identified genes was verified by the online tool of the UALCAN website. Results: There were 127 upregulated and 293 downregulated genes in the DEGs. The GO and KEGG analysis showed that the DEGs were particularly enriched in mitotic nuclear division, extracellular space, heparin binding, and ECM-receptor interaction. MCODE obtained a total of 47 genes in 4 gene clusters, 29 of which were related to RFS. Survival verification indicated that 14 out of 29 genes were related to MFS, namely, CCNB1, AURKB, KIF20A, BUB1B, DLGAP5, CXCL11, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL12, IGF1, FN1, CFD, SGO2 and CDCA5. Conclusions: We identified 14 genes as the high-risk genes for TNBC. Further research on these genes may identify the target genes of TNBC.
A Novel Recessive PDZD7 Bi-Allelic Mutation in an Iranian Family with Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss
Authors: Fahimi Hossein , Behroozi Samira , Noavar Sadaf , Parvini Farshid 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAutosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) is genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous with over 110 genes causally implicated in syndromic and non-syndromic hearing loss (HL). Here, we investigate the genetic etiology of deafness in twoGJB2 and GJB6 negative patients presenting with pre-lingual, progressive, severe hearing loss.MethodsTargeted exome sequencing (TES) using Next Generation Illumina Sequencing was used to analyze the exonic and some other important genomic regions of 154 genes in the proband. Subsequently, the mutation found was confirmed by Sanger sequencing in other affected sibling and healthy family members. The possible impact of the reported mutation on the corresponding protein was also evaluated by using bioinformatics tools. Moreover, the affected patients underwent audiological and ophthalmic evaluations.ResultsTES identified a novel homozygous missense mutation c.251T>C (p.I84T) in exon 3 of PDZD7 gene. In addition, segregation and phenotype-genotype correlation analysis as well as in-silico evaluations confirmed the autosomal recessive inheritance pattern and disease-causing nature of mutation found. Conclusions﻿In overall, our finding could expand the pathogenic mutations spectrum and strengthens the clinical importance of the PDZD7 gene in ARNSHL patients. It can also aid to conduct genetic counseling, prenatal diagnosis and clinical management of these types of genetic disorders.
Identification of Hub Genes Associated With Clinical Characteristics and Potential Therapy of Diabetic Nephropathy by Bioinformatics Analysis.
Authors: Xu Si , Wu Sha , Yang Min , Li Xiaoning 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: To provide molecular markers and potential targeted molecular therapy for diabetic nephropathy by screening hubgenes based on bioinformatic analysis. Results: We found 91 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between diabetic nephropathy tissues and normal kidney tissues. Majority DEGs were significantly enriched in the extracellular matrix structural constituent, collagen-containing extracellular matrix. KEGG pathway analysis showed that most of DEGs participated in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications. Five high relevant sub-networks and the top 16 genes according to 12 topological algorithms were screened out and also five co-expressed gene modules were identified by WGCNA. Eventually, 5 hub genes were identified by taking the intersection which might be involved in the progression of DN. And 11 microRNAs were associated with related genes in WebGestalt. Conclusions: We identified five hub genes, namely COL1A2, COL6A3, COL15A1, CLU and LUM, and their related microRNAs(especially miR29 and miR196), which might be used as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for diabetic nephropathy.
PTPN22 is a Potentially Diagnostic Biomarker for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Gao Lei , Ruan Peng , Wang Kaijing , Ge Jianjun , Kong Xiang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a severely life-threating disease; it is generally asymptomatic with diagnosis at a very late stage. Moreover, the genetic components and underpinnings in AAA is considerable with an estimated heritability of up to 70% roughly. Therefore, identifying the biomarkers for AAA is valuable toward predicting and eventually inspecting the high-risk populations. Methods: Herein, we used integrative bioinformatics and experimental analyses to reveal that protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) can be a potentially diagnostic biomarker for AAA.Results: PTPN22, whose expression is significantly upregulated in aortic tissues of AAA, was primarily identified as a genetic biomarker for AAA, while it has no diagnostic value for patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm. Moreover, CaCl2-based in vitro AAA model was adopted to experimentally show that Garcinia acid could be a therapeutic drug for AAA. Conclusions: Collectively, these results indicate that PTPN22 may be a potentially diagnostic biomarker for AAA.
A New and Reliable Landmark in Parotid Surgery: Tragomastoid Groove (Akil Groove)
Authors: kınış vefa , akıl ferit , yılmaz ümit , akdağ mehmet , ayral muhammed , topçu ismail , toprak serdar , durak hayrullah 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Parotid surgery is a frequently performed surgery in otorhinolaryngology practice with many possible complications. Due to the high ratio of facial paralysis during parotid surgery, we defined a new landmark for identifying and protecting the facial nerve as early as possible during surgery. Materials and Methods: The study was designed as a prospective anatomical method. The important details and relationship of the tragomastoid groove to the facial nerve truncus were examined during surgery on 30 patients. In addition, the demographics of the patients, the type of surgery and the pathological results of surgeries were evaluated.Results: The mean distance of the tragomastoid groove to the facial nerve truncus was 20.53±1.71 mm, the mean deepness of the tragomastoid groove was 1.91+-0.26 mm, and the mean superficial part of the tragomastoid groove was 0.83±0.23 mm. The tragomastoid groove was situated either across from the facial nerve at the place where the facial nerve truncus exits the stylomastoid foramen or just inferior to the truncus in all patients. Conclusion: The tragomastoid groove was defined for the first time in the literature as a reliable landmark for identifying the facial nerve truncus easily during parotid surgery.
Effectiveness of Combined Tui-Na and Oral Chinese Medicine on Knee Osteoarthritis – a Randomized Wait-List Controlled Trial Study Protocol
Authors: Chan Kin Ho , Ching Jessica YL , Chan Kam Leung , Lau Hoi Yi , Chu Ka Man , Chan Kenny , Pang Hon Fai , Song Tianhe , Ng Bacon Fung Leung , LIN Zhi-Xiu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundKnee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative joint condition that causes disability and pain amongst the elderly. The prevalence of KOA among persons aged 63 or above is approximately 30%. It is estimated that around 10% of the Hong Kong residents will have KOA by the year 2036. Previous studies have reported the positive effect of Tui-na treatment and Chinese herbal formula Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng Decoction (DHJSD) for KOA treatment. However, the therapeutic effect of the combination of both methods is unknown. The current study aims to evaluate the therapeutic effect of the combined therapy of Tui-na and oral administration of DHJSD on KOA using a randomized controlled design.MethodsThis study protocol describes a prospective, randomized wait-list controlled trial which will be conducted in the Yan Oi Tong Chinese Medicine Clinic cum Training and Research Centres (in Tuen Mun and Islands Districts). The eligible subjects will be randomly assigned to the treatment group and wait-list control group in a 1:1 ratio. Both the treatment and wait-list control groups will receive 8 sessions of Tui-na manipulation. DHJSD will be given to the subjects in the treatment group but not the wait-list group. The primary outcome will be assessed using the WOMAC score at 4 weeks after randomization. The secondary outcomes include the WOMAC scores at 2 weeks and 8 weeks after randomization and the health-related quality of life, the 5-level EQ-5D version (EQ-5D-5L), which will be conducted at 2 and 4 weeks after randomization and at follow-up (8 weeks after randomization).ParticipantsSeventy subjects aged 50 years or above, who meet the criteria of KOA according to the American College of Rheumatology, with Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score ≥ 39 will be recruited.DiscussionThe study will provide clinical evidence for the effectiveness of the combined Tui-na and oral administration of DHJSD for the treatment of subjects with KOA. The study will also provide information for large-scale randomized placebo-controlled trial in the future.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT04492670. Registered on 28 July 2020.
Emergent Magnetic Monopole and Dipole Screening by Proximity Effect With Noble Metal
Authors: Martins Fernando , Paiva Teônis de , Duarte Daniel , Rodrigues João , Mól Lucas , Borme Jerome , Freitas Paulo , Araujo Clodoaldo de 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this work we present emergent screening of magnetic monopole and dipole by the presence of 20nm aluminum cover layer onsquare artificial spin ice (ASI) systems. Our results were obtained in base of magnetic atomic force measurements, performedafter external magnetic field steps application. We show that the evolution of magnetization and monopole population is affectedby the aluminum presence and attribute that phenomena to the proximity effect, which is responsible for the magnetizationvanish of the first atomic layers at the ferromagnetic interface. Using experimental values to estimate the decrease in thenanomagnetic dipole value used in an emergent excitation model and in the switching field distribution heterogeneity usedin simulations, we observe a very good agreement among experimental and simulation results. The presented emergentscreening could be used in new ASI geometries for thermodynamic activation or proposition of devices with selective magneticmonopole mobility.
Adrenergic Alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists Regulate Noise–induced Metabolic and Cognitive Changes in Rats
Authors: Manukyan Ashkhen , Hunanyan Lilit , Grigoryan Artem , Harutyunyan Hayk , Sukiasyan Lilit , Melkonyan Magdalina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Noise is a modern life wide-spread stressor produced by urban traffic and the industrial environment. The noise stress causes central nervous system’s dysfunction and neurotransmission impairment in the brain, as well as changes the hormones levels resulting in psychological and behavioral problems. Underscoring the chronic stress implications, this investigation was to study the level of inositol triphosphate (IP3) in the mitochondrial fraction of the brain (MFB), and α-Tocopherol (α-T) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the plasma and erythrocytes’ membrane (EM). At the same time, the behavioral characteristics of experimental animals, and the influence of α2-adrenoblockers to evident their modulating effect during noise exposure were studied. Results: The obtained results imply increase of plasma and erythrocytes’ membrane MDA content and decrease in IP3 and α-T and impacted cognitive functions. Conclusion: The use of α2-adrenoblockers to the noise-exposed animals by the specific tests revealed a regulatory effect on the noise time-dependent delay in behavioral activity manifested by disorientation, and the spatial memory deficit. Reduction of the noise impact by α2-adrenoblockers was expressed by less level of MDA and increased level of IP3 and α-T in the plasma and EM, in the 3rd and the 4th groups.