bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase and the risk of primary liver cancer: A population-based prospective study in China
Authors: Sun Miaomiao , Wang Wanchao , Wang Yiming , Cui Haozhe , Liu Xining , Liu Siqing , Cao Liying 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have shown that serum total cholesterol(TC) and serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT) were associated with liver cancer risk, respectively. However, the common contribution of TC and normal-high ALT to primary liver cancer(PLC) has not been reported to date. We aim to assess the separate and joint effect of low TC level and normal-high ALT level on the risk of PLC, a large prospective cohort was conducted in our study. Method: The participants were divided into 4 groups via mismarch method according to TC[low level(-)/ non-low level(+)] and ALT[normal level(-)/ normal-high level(+)] status, and using the lower quartile(P25) value(4.24 mmol/L) of TC and the upper quartile(P75) value(22 U/L) of ALT as a cut point, respectively. Incident PLC was confirmed by review of medical records. Cox proportional hazards regression models and interactive additive models were used to evaluate whether the joint effect of low TC level and normal-high ALT level is associated with the risk of PLC. Results: During 1,248,895 person-years of follow-up, 298 participants were diagnosed with PLC among 114,972 subjects. TC＜4.24 mmol/L for the “TC(-)” group; TC≥4.24 mmol/L for the “TC(+)” group; ALT＜22U/L for the “ALT(-)” group; ALT≥22U/L for the “ALT(+)”. Compared with the “TC(+)” group and “ALT(-)” group, respectively, the adjusted hazard ratio(HR) and 95% confidence interval(95%CI) of “TC(-)” group for PLC risk was 1.71 (1.34-2.19) and of “ALT(+)” group for PLC risk was 1.52 (1.18-1.95). In combinatorial analysis, compared with the group of “TC(+) with ALT(-)”, the significant increased risk of PLC were observed in “TC(+) with ALT(+) group”(HR=1.45; 95%CI: 1.07-1.97), “TC(-) with ALT(-)” group(HR=1.64; 95%CI: 1.21-2.22) and “TC(-) with ALT(+)” group(HR=2.70; 95%CI: 1.84-3.96), respectively. The interaction term between “TC(-)” and “ALT (+)” on the risk of PLC was not significant(Pinteraction=0.26). Conclusions: Both low TC level and normal-high ALT level were strong predictors of PLC. Individuals with low TC level and normal-high ALT level, would extremely increase the risk of PLC.Trial registration: ChiCTR-TNRC-11001489. Registered August 24, 2011 (retrospectively registered)
Radiation-Induced Pelvic Colorectal Obstruction After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy and Sphincter-Saving Surgery for Rectal Cancer: Is IMRT Better?
Authors: Huang Shenghui , Chen Minghong , Wang Xiaojie , Chen Yuangui , Lu Xingrong , Jiang Weizhong , Huang Ying , Chi Pan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
PurposeRadiation-induced pelvic colorectal obstruction (RIPCO) is a severe complication after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) and sphincter-saving surgery (SPS) with for rectal cancer. The incidence and risk factors remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the influences of anatomical and clinical parameters including radiation modalities on this complication.MethodsFrom 2010 to 2018, data from patients who received NCRT and SPS with a diverting stoma for rectal cancer were collected. Patients with clinical parameters and complete pelvimetric parameters associated with RIPCO were included for univariate and multivariate analyses. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to calculate the best cutoff value.Results﻿A total of 726 patients with rectal carcinoma received NCRT and SPS with diverting stoma, and 157 patients had complete pelvimetric data. Eighteen of the 726 (2.5%) patients developed RIPCO. Eleven patients only received recreation of a diverting stoma, and four were cured by intersphincteric resection with reconstruction of anastomosis and diverting stoma. In multivariate analysis, BMI (P =0.001), sacral depth (P=0.046), and Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) (P<0.001) were independent predictors. The cutoff values of BMI and sacral depth were 21.1 kg/m2 and 4.1 cm, respectively. IMRT was independently associated with a lower incidence of RIPCO (P<0.001). The four-factor scoring system showed that the sensitivity was 88.9%, and the specificity was 85.6%. The AUC was 0.921.ConclusionRIPCO is a rare but severe complication after SPS following NCRT. A BMI more than 21.1 kg/m2, a sacral depth less than 4.1 cm, and IMRT may decrease the risk of RIPCO.
Analysis of the Response Time to Involved-Field Radiotherapy in Primary Gastrointestinal Low-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Choi Kyu Hye , Lee Han Hee , Jung Seung-Eun , Park Kyung-Sin , O Joo-Hyun , Jeon Young-Woo , Choi Byung-Ock , Cho Seok-Goo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Early-stage primary gastrointestinal (GI) low-grade B-cell lymphoma shows good therapeutic response to primary radiotherapy. However, there is no clear guideline for the evaluation of response to radiation therapy currently. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the best response time and the clinical course after radiotherapy.

Methods

Patients who underwent radiotherapy for treatment of primary GI low-grade B-cell lymphoma from September 2007 to December 2018 at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital were included. Early responders were defined by best response within 6 months after radiotherapy, and delayed responders after 6 months. Clinical and pathological factors associated with delayed response and survival analyses were performed to investigate the recurrence and survival during follow-up.

Results

A total of 43 patients were evaluated and the number of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and duodenal follicular lymphoma was 36 and 7, respectively. All of 43 patients showed complete remission to radiotherapy and the best response time after radiotherapy was a median of 3 months. There were 8 delayed responders with a median duration of 8.9 months. Early and delayed responders were characterized by a significant difference in depth of invasion beyond the mucosal layer.

Conclusions

Delayed responders did not show differences in oncological outcomes compared with early responders. They were allowed to watch and wait for an additional 6 to 12 months without further treatment.
“I would like to be part of the team distributing the kits because I have all the qualities” Formative research to inform the development of a peer-led HIV self-testing intervention to improve HIV testing uptake and linkage to HIV care among young people and adult men in Kasensero fishing community, Rakai, Uganda
Authors: Matovu Joseph KB , Nambuusi Aminah , Nakabirye Scovia , Serwadda David , Wanyenze Rhoda 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Despite efforts to improve HIV testing and linkage to HIV care among young people and adult men, uptake rates remain below global targets. We conducted formative research to generate data necessary to inform the design of a peer-led HIV self-testing (HIVST) intervention intended to improve HIV testing uptake and linkage to HIV care among young people and adult men in Kasensero fishing community in rural Uganda. Methods This was a cross-sectional, qualitative study conducted in three study communities in Kasensero fishing community in Rakai district, Uganda, between May 6 – 10, 2019. Six single-sex focus group discussions (FGDs) comprising 7-8 participants were conducted with young men (15-24 years), young women (15-24 years) and adult men (25+ years). We collected data on people’s perceptions about HIVST and peer-led HIVST; potential acceptability of peer-led HIVST and suggestions on how to implement peer-led HIVST in the community. Peer-led HIVST was defined as an approach that uses a trained lay person to distribute HIVST kits to other people in the community. FGDs were audio-recorded with permission from the participants, transcribed verbatim and analysed manually following a thematic framework approach. Results Forty-seven participants (31 men and 16 women) participated in the FGDs. Across communities and age-groups, most participants mentioned that peer-led HIVST would be generally acceptable to people in the community but people will need support in performing the test due to fear of performing the test wrongly or failing to cope with HIV-positive results. Most participants felt that peer-led HIVST would bring HIV testing services closer to the community “because [the peer-leader] could be my immediate neighbour”, making it easier for people to obtain the kits at any time of their convenience as opposed to placing them at a health facility. Participants suggested that the peer-leader should be a permanent resident, accessible, trustworthy, and good at keeping secrets. Conclusion Our study shows that peer-led HIVST is potentially acceptable in the fishing community suggesting that this approach can help to improve uptake of HIV testing services among young people and adult men who are usually missed through conventional HIV testing services.
Global Prevalence and determinants of preoperative anxiety among surgical patients: A systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Abate semagn , Chekole Yigrem , Basu Bivash 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Preoperative anxiety, otherwise managed preoperatively, can cause high rate of cardiac mortality, adverse effects during anesthetic induction and patient recovery which correlate with high postoperative pain, increased analgesic and anesthetic consumption, prolonged hospital stay, poor quality of life decrease satisfaction with perioperative care. Objective: The systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide evidence on global prevalence and determinants of preoperative anxiety among surgical patients Methods: A three stage search strategy was conducted on PubMed/Medline, Cochran, Science Direct and LILACS databases. Publication bias was checked with a funnel plot and objective diagnostic test was conducted with Egger's correlation and Begg's regression tests. Results: The global pooled prevalence of preoperative anxiety among surgical patients was 48% (95% confidence interval (CI): 39 to 47%, 28 studies, 14652 participants. The systematic review and Meta-Analysis revealed that preoperative anxiety was approximately 4 times more likely in patients who had fear of complications, RR = 3.53(95 % confidence interval (CI: 3.06 to 4.07, six studies). Conclusion: The review revealed that approximately fifty percent of patients experienced preoperative anxiety which entails the policy makers and health care stakeholders should implement mitigating strategies to prevent and manage preoperative anxiety.
Molecular Characteristics of Rickettsia in Ticks Collected Along the Southern Border of Mongolia
Authors: von Fricken Michael E. , Voorhees Matthew A. , Koehler Jeffrey W. , Asbun Carmen , Lam Brandon , Qurollo Barbara , Hogan Kathryn M. , Baasandagwa Uyanga , Jigjav Battsetseg , Schoepp Randal J. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Tick-borne infectious dDermacentor and iseases represent a significant threat to public health, particularly in regions where individuals frequently enter tick habitats. This is especially true in Mongolia, where 26% of the population are pastoral herders whose lifestyle results in high risk of tick-borne diseases, which include Rickettsial diseases. In this study, ticks collected along Mongolia’s southern border were tested for the presence of Rickettsia spp. DNA to better understand the risk of this bacterial infection in the region. Methods: Dermacentor and Hyalomma ticks (n = 4,022) collected across southern Mongolia (aimags Bayankhongor, Dornogovi, Govi-Altai, Khovd, and Omnogovi) were pooled and tested for Rickettsia spp. by real-time PCR. Subsequent melt-curve analyses and Sanger sequencing were used to identify specific Rickettsia species. Results: Approximately 64% of the 786 tick pools tested positive for Rickettsia bacteria. Melt curve analyses identified between four and six different Rickettsia species circulating in these tick pools. Amplicon sequencing of the ompA gene from selected positive samples identified Rickettsia spp. that closely resembled R. raoultii and R. sibirica. Detection rates varied greatly by sampling region and tick genus. Dermacentor ticks from the Govi-Altai region had the highest maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) infection rate of 48.4% (95% CI: 41.7-56.5%) while Hyalomma ticks collected in Omnogovi had an MLE rate of 7.6% (95% CI: 6.2-9.2%). Conclusions: Multiple Rickettsia species were found to circulate at high rates within native tick species in southern Mongolia. Further studies are required to investigate the clinical burden of disease associated with these Rickettsia spp. in exposed Mongolian populations.
Clinical features of COVID-19 patients in one designated medical institutions in Chengdu, China
Authors: Zhou Gui , Tan Yun-Hui , Luo Jiang-Cuo , Lu Yi-Xiao , Feng Jing , Li Juan , Yang Yun-Mei , Chen Long , Zhang Jian-Ping 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical characteristics of patients infected with the 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-2019).METHODS: Data were collected from 20 patients admitted to the Pidu District People’s Hospital in Chengdu from January 26, 2020 to March 1, 2020 with laboratory-confirmed SARS-Cov-2 infection. Clinical data were collected using the World Health Organization (WHO) nCoV CASE RECORDFORM Version 1.2 28JAN2020, which includes parameters such as: temperature, epidemiological characteristics, social network, history of exposure, and incubation period. If information was unclear, the team reviewed the original data and contacted patients directly if necessary.RESULTS: The median age of the 20 COVID-19 infected patients studied was 42.5 years. In this cohort, four patients became severely ill and one deteriorated rapidly during treatment. This patient was transferred to another medical center with an intensive care unit (ICU) for treatment. This patient died after admission to the ICU. Two of the twenty patients remained positive SARS-Cov-2 more than three weeks, and they were quarantined in a medical facility without medication. According to our analysis, all of the studied cases were infected by human-to-human transmission due to the lack of protective measures; transmission through contact within families requires confirmation. The most common symptoms at onset of illness were fever in 13 (65%) patients, cough in 9 (45%), headache in 3 (15%), fatigue in 6 (30%), diarrhea in 3 (15%), and abdominal pain in 2 (10%). Six patients (30%) developed shortness of breath upon admission. The median time from exposure to onset of illness was6.5 days (interquartile range 3.25–9 days), and from the onset of symptoms to first hospital admission was 3.5 (1.25–7) days.CONCLUSION: Compared with patients infected with SARS-Cov-2 in Wuhan (up to the end of February 2020), the symptoms of patients in one hospital in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, were relatively mild and patients were discharged from the hospital after only a short stay. However, the fasting blood glucose of the infected individuals was found to be slightly elevated because of the state of emergency. The dynamic changes in lymphocyte levels can predict disease status of COVID-19. They are also suggestive of changes in mean platelet volume during disease progression. This suggests that the patients had mild cases of COVID-19. However, because there is no effective drug treatment for COVID-19, it is important to detect and identify severe cases from mild cases early.
Comunidades virtuales para el aprendizaje. Su utilización en la enseñanza
Authors: Cabero Almenara Julio 
Published: May 2020

En este artículo se analizan las posibilidades que pueden tener para al enseñanza las comunidades virtuales. Para ello en primer lugar se parte de una definición de lo que son las comunidades virtuales y cuáles son sus características más significativas. Al mismo tiempo se analizan que pueden garantizar su éxito de funcionamiento. El artículo finaliza analizando específicamente la función que cumplen en la formación, y los roles que profesor y alumno pueden jugar en las mismas.AbstractIn this article are analyzed the possibilities that can have the virtual communities for the teaching. For it in first place begin of a definition of what are the virtual communities and which their more significant characteristics are. At the same time are analyzed what they can guarantee their operation success. The article concludes analyzing the function that virtual communities develop in formation, and the roles that teacher and student can play in the same ones.
Algunas consideraciones para integrar los recursos en una aplicación hipermedial. En busca de la mediación
Authors: Nazareno Boarin Mauricio , Cerda Ernesto Pedro 
Published: May 2020

Este trabajo pretende realizar un aporte a todas aquellas personas interesadas en el análisis o elaboración de materiales hipermediales, posibles de ser usados en un contexto educativo. El mismo presenta algunas caracterizaciones básicas respecto de los medios que conforman un material hipermedial y en función de éstas, se brindan algunas consideraciones que facilitan la tarea de incluir e integrar texto, imagen, hipertexto, sonido y video a una aplicación del tipo. También se trabajan algunos criterios que colaboran con el fenómeno de mediación y que van mas allá de los recursos implicados en una hipermedia.AbstractThis work tries to make a contribution to all those people interested in the analysis or elaboration of hypermedial , possible materials of being used in an educative context. The same one presents some basic characterizations respect to the means that conform a hypermedial material and based on these, offer some considerations that facilitate the task of including and of integrating text, image, hypertext, sound and video to an application of the type. Also some criteria work that collaborate with the mediation phenomenon and which they go beyond of the resources implied in a hypermedia.
Internet en EGB y la necesidad de estrategias didácticas para el manejo eficiente de la información en la red
Authors: Ruiz Andrea María , Cataldi Zulma , Kraus Germán 
Published: May 2020

Las NTIC (Nuevas Tecnologías de información y Comunicación) ofrecen una gran cantidad de recursos educativos que pueden ser utilizadas para los alumnos de la Educación General Básica (EGB). Dentro de ellos, la búsqueda de información en Internet se presenta como una estrategia que debe ser analizada específicamente para dar respuesta a las necesidades de los alumnos del 2do. Ciclo dela EGB, que dan sus primeros pasos en estas búsquedas. Por ese motivo, se deben incorporar formas de búsquedas significativas a fin de les permita aprender a aprender.Abstract The Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) offer a great amount of educative resources for students attending to the General Basic Education (EGB) cycle. Among them, Internet as a source for searching information must be accurately analyzed as an answer to the specific needs of students of 2nd cycle of EGB that are giving their first steps in these quests and their particular features.
El proceso de virtualización en las disciplinas de la UNED
Authors: Santoveña Casal Sonia Mª 
Published: May 2020

Un curso virtual es el resultado de un proceso de virtualización (establecimiento de protocolos didácticos y tecnológico y realización de unseguimiento de tareas) y de un proceso de control de calidad (control didáctico y funcional de los recursos publicados.AbstractA virtual course is the result of two processes: one of virtualization and other of quality control. The former consists in the settlement of didactic and technologic guides and the realization of a tasks follow-up. The latter requires the didactic and functional control of the publicized resources.
Algunos fundamentos filosóficos y psicológicos de la tecnología educativa
Authors: Verdecia Carballo Enrique 
Published: May 2020

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo describir el surgimiento de la tecnología educativa como tendencia pedagógica contemporánea y sus referentes filosóficos y psicológicos.En especial se hace énfasis en el impacto que ha producido la tecnología educativa sobre la educación cubana y desde que presupuestos filosóficos y psicológicos se ha asumido, sin dejar de tener en cuenta sus antecedentes históricos. AbstractThe technological development of the 1950s finally generated a whole educational revolution at world-wide level whose leading exponent is what today is known as distance learning.This paper aims at finding a way of describing the emergence of educational technology as a contemporary pedagogical tendency. It also describes its philosophical and pedagogical referents, since they have led the way to its present developments, even in distance learning. Our point of departure is the concept of skill (técnica) and its subsequent link with science, thus giving origin to the concept of technology, to later describe the way in which the latter gradually related to different cultural and social systems.Special emphasis is laid on the impact that educational technology has had on Cuban education and on the identification of the philosophical and psychological assumptions that have been its point of departure, taking into account its historical background.
Educación alternativa: Una propuesta de Prácticas y Evaluación de Aprendizajes
Authors: María Álvarez Margarita , Maldonado Marilena 
Published: May 2020

La universidad está todavía en camino hacia la construcción de un proceso de enseñanza–aprendizaje–desarrollo, que posibilite la formación de individuos profesionales idóneos y competentes en un contexto social, económico y cultural en constante cambio. Como un intento de superar este estado y de lograr aprendizajes significativos en los alumnos adoptamos la educación alternativa.En este artículo, se plantea una propuesta de distintos tipos de prácticas alternativas y criterios de evaluación para una asignatura. AbstractThe university is still in road toward the construction of a teaching-learning-development process that facilitates the formation of suitable and competent professional individuals in a social, economic and cultural context in constant change. As intent of overcoming this state and of achieving significant learning in the students we adopt the alternative education. In this paper, we think about a proposal of different types of alternative practices and evaluation approaches for a curse.
Abriendo el aula. Blogs, una reflexión compartida sobre buenas experiencias de enseñanza
Authors: Ferreyro Juana 
Published: May 2020

Este trabajo pretende contribuir a plantear el desafío que supone formar docentes en la nueva sociedad de la información y el conocimiento, señalar particularmente que “abrir el aula” supone un aspecto sustantivo para cualquier proceso educativo que pretenda tener iniciativa en el mundo contemporáneo y, finalmente, sugerir una propuesta accesible, viable y fundamentalmente enriquecedora para quienes participan de ella, la construcción de blogs sobre buenas prácticas de enseñanza.AbstractThis work tries to contribute to raise challenge which it supposes to form educational in the new society of the information and the knowledge, to indicate particularly that "to open the classroom" it supposes an aspect noun for any educative process that it tries to have initiative in the contemporary world and, finally, to suggest accessible, viable and fundamentally enriching a proposal for those who participates in her, the construction of blogs on good practices of education.