bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival in cold waters - learnings from participation in cold water exercises - a regulatory perspective related to the Norwegian offshore industry
Authors: Jensen J E , Solberg K E , Gudmestad O T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Participation in exercises lead by the University of Stavanger, the SARex 1 in 2016 and SARex 2 in 2017, provided valuable lessons related to survival in a cold maritime environment. The scenario of the exercises was a mass evacuation from a stranded cruise ship in Arctic waters but provided experiences relevant beyond the cruise industry. This article focuses on the relevance for the oil and gas industry in the Norwegian sector. SARex 1 and 2 were rescue exercises carried out north of Spitzbergen by industry, regulators and academia during the spring of 2016 and 2017. The Norwegian Coast Guard, the University of Stavanger and GMC, Stavanger, organized the exercises. The Petroleum Safety Authority found it important to participate in SARex 1 and 2, to better understand the factors enabling success in a cold climate survival situation. The survival tests in lifeboats and life rafts during SARex 1 and 2 showed the necessity of having trained and competent leadership on board. This issue has perhaps been neglected, compared to the development of equipment to ensure successful evacuation and avoid hypothermia. Some key factors for survival success were (1) Functioning of emergency equipment (2) Organising and teaching the function of various items of safety equipment (3) Operating evacuation means at sea, e.g. watch routines, operating hatches/venting routines and (4) Activities and maintaining mental awareness and motivation. The overall learning from SARex 1 and 2 is that survival is dependent on active participation from the survivors. There is a need for sufficient competence amongst personnel to micro-manage all the details required for survival. The mental factors following fatigue and seasickness, in addition to hypothermia, make leadership and competence in a cold maritime climate essential for survival.
Coupling well hydrodynamic tests data with results of digital simulation for better identification of reservoir properties
Authors: Khaydina M , Latysheva A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the study the existing approaches for stabilization time estimation are given and compared with the results of hydrodynamic simulation. A deviation from an assumed ellipsoid shape of drainage area has been observed for a horizontal well based on the simulation results. Then this geometrical definite form was taken into account in the gas influx equation. On its basis the time period of pseudo-steady state was estimated. As a result, stabilized horizontal gas well tests are considered to be not effective as the time period is too long when pseudo-steady state is reached and it’s impossible to carry out the test in reality. However, it is suggested to continue a well test for a reduced period by adapting well tests on the model and matching simulation output with gauge measurements.
Anatomical Dissection of the Dorsal Nerve of the Clitoris
Authors: Kelling Joseph A , Erickson Cameron R , Pin Jessica , Pin Paul G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The clitoris is the primary somatosensory organ of female sexual response. Knowledge of its neural anatomy and related landmarks is essential for safe genital surgery.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to describe the distal course of the dorsal nerves of the clitoris and associated structures.

Methods
Clitorises of 10 fresh cadavers were dissected. Measurements of the dorsal nerves, suspensory ligament, clitoral body, clitoral hood, and clitoral glans were obtained. The course of the dorsal nerves was examined.

Results
The dorsal nerves of the clitoris were larger than expected, ranging from 2.0 to 3.2 mm in diameter, on average, along their course in the clitoral body. In 9 of 10 specimens, the dorsal nerves could be traced to within 6 mm of the glans. They traveled deep to a superficial clitoral fascia but superficial to the tunica albuginea, were variably located between 10 and 2 o’clock, and were separated by the deep suspensory ligament (DSL) of the clitoris. The mean length of the descending clitoral body, from the angle to the base of the glans, was 37.0 mm. The mean distance from the pubic rim to the DSL was 37.7 mm.

Conclusions
The clitoral body is substantial in length, mostly lying superficially under the clitoral hood and mons pubis. The dorsal nerves of the clitoris are large and superficial, terminating at or near the base of the clitoral glans. Knowledge of this anatomy is critical prior to performing surgery near the clitoris.
Genome-wide analysis and functional prediction of the estrogen-regulated transcriptional response in the mouse uterus†
Authors: Vasquez Yasmin M , Nandu Tulip S , Kelleher Andrew M , Ramos Enrique I , Gadad Shrikanth S , Kraus W Lee 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The ovarian hormones estrogen and progesterone orchestrate the transcriptional programs required to direct functions of the uterus for initiation and maintenance of pregnancy. Estrogen, acting via estrogen receptor alpha, regulates gene expression by activating and repressing distinct genes involved in signaling pathways that regulate cellular and physiological responses including cell division, water influx, and immune cell recruitment. Historically, these transcriptional responses have been postulated to reflect a biphasic physiological response. In this study, we explored the transcriptional responses of the ovariectomized mouse uterus to 17β-estradiol (E2) by RNA-seq to obtain global expression profiles of protein-coding transcripts (mRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) following 0.5, 1, 2, and 6 hours of treatment. The E2-regulated mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles in the mouse uterus indicate an association between lncRNAs and mRNAs that regulate E2-driven pathways and reproductive phenotypes in the mouse. The transient E2-regulated transcriptome is reflected in the time-dependent shifting of biological processes regulated in the uterus in response to E2. Moreover, high expression of some conserved lncRNAs that are E2 regulated in the mouse uterus are predictive of low overall survival in endometrial carcinoma patients (e.g., H19, KCNQ1OT1, MIR17HG, and FTX). Collectively, this study (1) describes a genomic approach for identifying E2-regulated lncRNAs that may serve critical function in the uterus and (2) provides new insights into our understanding of the regulation of hormone-regulated transcriptional responses with implications in pregnancy and endometrial pathologies.
Microelectrode array analysis of mouse uterine smooth muscle electrical activity†
Authors: Ma Xiaofeng , Zhao Peinan , Wakle-Prabagaran Monali , Amazu Chinwendu , Malik Manasi , Wu Wenjie , Wang Hui , Wang Yong , England Sarah K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Uterine contractions are important for various functions of the female reproductive cycle. Contractions are generated, in part, by electrical coupling of smooth muscle cells of the myometrium, the main muscle layer of the uterus. Aberrant myometrial electrical activity can lead to uterine dysfunction. To better understand and treat conditions associated with aberrant activity, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms that underlie normal activity. Here, we used microelectrode array (MEA) to simultaneously record and characterize myometrial electrical activities at high spatial and temporal resolution. Mouse myometrial longitudinal muscle tissue was isolated at different stages throughout the estrous cycle and placed on an 8×8 MEA. Electrical activity was recorded for 10 min at a sampling rate of 12.5 kHz. We used a spike-tracking algorithm to independently analyze each channel and developed a pipeline to quantify the amplitude, duration, frequency, and synchronicity of the electrical activities. Electrical activities in estrous were more synchronous, and had shorter duration, higher frequency, and lower amplitude than electrical activities in non-estrous. We conclude that MEA can be used to detect differential patterns of myometrial electrical activity in distinct estrous cycle stages. In the future, this methodology can be used to assess different physiological and pathological states and evaluate therapeutic agents that regulate uterine function.
Lassoing eigenvalues
Authors: Tyler David E , Yi Mengxi 
Published: November 2019

Summary
The properties of penalized sample covariance matrices depend on the choice of the penalty function. In this paper, we introduce a class of nonsmooth penalty functions for the sample covariance matrix and demonstrate how their use results in a grouping of the estimated eigenvalues. We refer to the proposed method as lassoing eigenvalues, or the elasso.
On the use of approximate Bayesian computation Markov chain Monte Carlo with inflated tolerance and post-correction
Authors: Vihola Matti , Franks Jordan 
Published: November 2019

SummaryApproximate Bayesian computation enables inference for complicated probabilistic models with intractable likelihoods using model simulations. The Markov chain Monte Carlo implementation of approximate Bayesian computation is often sensitive to the tolerance parameter: low tolerance leads to poor mixing and large tolerance entails excess bias. We propose an approach that involves using a relatively large tolerance for the Markov chain Monte Carlo sampler to ensure sufficient mixing and post-processing the output, leading to estimators for a range of finer tolerances. We introduce an approximate confidence interval for the related post-corrected estimators and propose an adaptive approximate Bayesian computation Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm, which finds a balanced tolerance level automatically based on acceptance rate optimization. Our experiments show that post-processing-based estimators can perform better than direct Markov chain Monte Carlo targeting a fine tolerance, that our confidence intervals are reliable, and that our adaptive algorithm leads to reliable inference with little user specification.
Ovid’s debut in Chinese: translating the Ars amatoria into the Republican discourse of love
Authors: Xiao Xinyao , Bao Yumiao 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe first complete Chinese translation of Ovid’s poem was Dai Wangshu’s (1905–50) 1929 Ai jing (Ars amatoria). Dai, as translator-cum-publisher, produced a serious translation with thorough footnotes and a scholarly preface (later added). Yet in a newspaper advertisement, he also marketed the book in sensational language as a pragmatic love manual that could help Chinese ‘men and women of sentiment’ master the art of courting. Focusing on Dai’s seemingly conflicting marketing approaches, this article locates the production and reception of Dai’s translation of the Ars amatoria in its socio-cultural and ideological contexts. Dai adapted his Chinese Ars amatoria to an emerging Chinese discourse of love in the 1920s, when love remained at the centre of many literary, social, and political debates. It also further demonstrates how Ovid’s Ars amatoria, in Dai’s translation, animated sustained discussions of love, marriage, and gender in China in the early 1930s. Re-interpreted and re-appropriated, a classic Latin text extended Republican China’s quest for modernization and Westernization to the most intimate realms of ordinary experience.
EuroCMR 2019 highlights
Authors: Rodriguez-Palomares Jose F , Edvardsen Thor , Almeida Ana G , Petersen Stephen E 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has become one of the main imaging techniques for the diagnosis and prognostic stratification of the different cardiovascular diseases. Proof of this is the growing interest in training in this imaging technique which was evident in the past EuroCMR 2019 where 1379 specialists (26.5% more than in the previous edition) met in Lido (Venice) to discuss the latest scientific advances in the CMR field. In this review, we will discuss the most recent research presented during this congress that aroused maximum interest.
Factor endowments and international trade: a study of land embodied in trade on the Baltic Sea region, 1750–1856
Authors: Theodoridis Dimitrios , Rönnbäck Klas , Scheltjens Werner 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBaltic trade is one of the key examples of flourishing economic activity in early modern European history. This study empirically outlines the role of comparative resource advantages between 1750 and 1856, using trade data from the Sound Toll Registers Online. On the one hand, the results show the significance of relative land abundance for trade patterns between the Baltic Sea region and North-Western Europe: the land abundant Baltic Sea region was overall exporting more land-intensive commodities. On the other hand, however, the results also show a seeming paradox: increasing trade openness during the nineteenth century was not associated with a higher degree of specialization along these comparative advantages.
Diversity of cyanobacteria at the Alaska North Slope with description of two new genera: Gibliniella and Shackletoniella
Authors: Strunecky Otakar , Raabova Lenka , Bernardova Alexandra , Ivanova Anna Pavlovna , Semanova Alexandra , Crossley Joel , Kaftan David 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
The diversity of cyanobacteria along the Alaskan North Slope was investigated. We isolated and cultivated 57 strains of cyanobacteria and sequenced a section of their rRNA operon containing a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene. Here, we describe 17 found species belonging mainly to families Coleofasciculaceae, Microcoleaceae, Oculatellaceae, Leptolyngbyaceae and to the order Synechococcales. In pursuing a conservative polyphasic approach, we utilized suggested thresholds in 16S rRNA gene differences in parallel with morphological differences between new and already described taxa for the description of new species and genera. Based on a combination of morphological, molecular and ecological analysis of collected and cultured strains we describe two genera Gibliniella and Shackletoniella as well as six cyanobacterial species; Cephalothrix alaskaensis, Tildeniella alaskaensis, Pseudophormidium americanum, Leptodesmis alaskaensis, Albertania alaskaensis and Nodosilinea alaskaensis. Here, a polyphasic approach was used to identify eight novel and nine established cyanobacterial taxa from a previously non–investigated region that uncovered a high degree of biodiversity in extreme polar environments.
Off-pump tricuspid valve repair by automated sutured tricuspid annular plication via transatrial cannulation: preclinical ex vivo and in vivo results
Authors: Werner Paul , Russo Marco , Sauer Jude , Zilberszac Robert , Rath Claus , Kocher Alfred , Laufer Guenther , Andreas Martin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Surgical repair is considered the gold standard treatment for severe symptomatic tricuspid valve (TV) regurgitation. However, patients undergoing isolated surgical tricuspid repair face a high perioperative mortality while long-term data on interventional treatment options are currently missing. We investigated a novel, minimally invasive approach for transatrial off-pump beating-heart tricuspid annular plication based on the surgical Hetzer repair.

METHODS
TV annular plication for the creation of a double-orifice valve using novel devices for automated annular suturing was performed in 10 human heart specimens in an ex vivo perfusion model under endoscopic guidance. Additionally, the technique was tested in an in vivo porcine model using the transatrial access under echocardiographic and fluoroscopic guidance.

RESULTS
Endoscopically guided conduction of the procedure was successful in all 10 human heart specimens in the ex vivo perfusion model with 1 observed suture pull-through of 60 sutures placed (1.7%). TV measurements yielded significant reductions of the TV septal–lateral diameter (50.9 ± 7.3 vs 42.6 ± 7.9 mm; P = 0.015) and the TV area (1208 ± 399 vs 193 ± 122 mm2; P &lt; 0.0001). TV plication without direct vision using device-embedded intracardiac echocardiography, epicardial echocardiography and fluoroscopy was feasible in both acute animals with no observed device-related adverse events.

CONCLUSIONS
Successful plication was completed in 10 ex vivo human hearts, additionally proof-of-concept was conducted in 2 animals. We herein present encouraging early preclinical results of a novel minimally invasive technique for TV repair, which warrants further investigation.
Genome-wide association study for carcass quality traits and growth in purebred and crossbred pigs1
Authors: Bergamaschi Matteo , Maltecca Christian , Fix Justin , Schwab Clint , Tiezzi Francesco 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCarcass quality traits such as back fat (BF), loin depth (LD), and ADG are of extreme economic importance for the swine industry. This study aimed to (i) estimate the genetic parameters for such traits and (ii) conduct a single-step genome-wide association study (ssGWAS) to identify genomic regions that affect carcass quality and growth traits in purebred (PB) and three-way crossbred (CB) pigs. A total of 28,497 PBs and 135,768 CBs pigs were phenotyped for BF, LD, and ADG. Of these, 4,857 and 3,532 were genotyped using the Illumina PorcineSNP60K Beadchip. After quality control, 36,328 SNPs were available and were used to perform an ssGWAS. A bootstrap analysis (n = 1,000) and a signal enrichment analysis were performed to declare SNP significance. Genome regions were based on the variance explained by significant 10-SNP sliding windows. Estimates of PB heritability (SE) were 0.42 (0.019) for BF, 0.39 (0.020) for LD, and 0.35 (0.021) for ADG. Estimates of CB heritability were 0.49 (0.042) for BF, 0.27 (0.029) for LD, and 0.12 (0.021) for ADG. Genetic correlations (SE) across the two populations were 0.81 (0.02), 0.79 (0.04), and 0.56 (0.05), for BF, LD, and ADG, respectively. The variance explained by significant regions for each trait in PBs ranged from 1.51% to 1.35% for BF, from 4.02% to 3.18% for LD, and from 2.26% to 1.45% for ADG. In CBs, the variance explained by significant regions ranged from 1.88% to 1.37% for BF, from 1.29% to 1.23% for LD, and from 1.54% to 1.32% for ADG. In this study, we have described regions of the genome that determine carcass quality and growth traits of PB and CB pigs. These results provide evidence that there are overlapping and nonoverlapping regions in the genome influencing carcass quality and growth traits in PBs and three-way CB pigs.
Clinical Impact of Cryopreservation on Split Thickness Skin Grafts in the Porcine Model
Authors: Holzer Paul W , Lellouch Alexandre G , Moulton Krysta , Zhu Laurence , Ng Zhi Yang , Overschmidt Bo , Gama Amon-Ra , Leto Barone Angelo A , Rosales Ivy , Monroy Rod , Cetrulo Curtis L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Vital, genetically engineered, porcine xenografts represent a promising alternative to human cadaveric allografts (HCA) in the treatment of severe burns. However, their clinical value would be significantly enhanced if preservation and long-term storage—without the loss of cellular viability—were feasible. The objective of this study was to examine the direct impact of cryopreservation and the length of storage on critical in vivo and in vitro parameters, necessary for a successful, potentially equivalent substitute to HCA. In this study, vital, porcine skin grafts, continuously cryopreserved for more than 7 years were compared side-by-side to otherwise identically prepared skin grafts stored for only 15 minutes. Two major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-controlled donor–recipient pairs received surgically created deep-partial wounds and subsequent grafting with split-thickness porcine skin grafts, differentiated only by the duration of storage. Clinical and histological outcomes, as well as quantification of cellular viability via a series of 3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, were assessed. No statistically significant differences were observed between skin grafts cryopreserved for 15 minutes vs 7 years. Parametric distinctions between xenografts stored for short- vs long-term durations could not be ascertained across independent clinical, histological, or in vitro evaluative methods. The results of this study validate the ability to reliably preserve, store, and retain the essential metabolic activity of porcine tissues after cryopreservation. Plentiful, safe, and readily accessible inventories of vital xenografts represent an advantageous solution to numerous limitations associated with HCA, in the treatment of severe burns.
Italian authorities seize Prosecco-flavoured Pringles: does the seizure contradict the CJEU’s decision in Champagner Sorbet?
Authors: Bonadio Enrico , Weissenberger Natalie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Seizure of Prosecco-flavoured Pringles by Italian authorities—October 2019
In October 2019, Italian authorities seized Prosecco-flavoured Pringles crisps in Italy.
Delhi High Court on applicability of DNA test as evidence to prove infringement of IP rights in plant varieties
Authors: Bhattacharya Shuvam 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Pioneer Overseas Corporation v Chairperson, Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights and Ors, W.P.(C) 6470/2013 and CM No 14085/2013, Delhi High Court, 1 July 2019
In this case, the Delhi High Court held that mere conformity to the distinctiveness, uniformity and stability (DUS) test by a plant variety cannot be a ground to disallow a DNA test to prove infringement of another plant variety.
There is no hope in inventive step
Authors: Wooden Gemma , Blaseby Matthew , Visser Derk 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Guidelines for Examination in the European Patent Office, November 2019 edition
The European Patent Office’s Guidelines have been updated to clarify that the approach for assessing inventive step involves determining whether a skilled person would have modified the closest prior art in an expectation of some advantage or improvement. A hope of solving the objective technical problem is insufficient for a modification of the closest prior art to be considered obvious.
Pituitary Adenomas in Transgender Individuals?
Authors: Kleinschmidt-DeMasters Bette K 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Transgender individuals may receive long-term hormonal treatment as part of their sexual transition; limited literature has suggested that they consequently may be predisposed to development of prolactinomas. We questioned whether we had encountered such cases. Pathology databases were searched for the years 2000–2019 for tissue specimens from transgender individuals; Sixty surgical specimens from 58 individuals and 8 cytology specimens were identified. Two of these 60 were pituitary adenomas, neither of which were lactotroph adenomas (prolactinomas).The first occurred in a 71-year-old transgender male-to-female who had undergone high-dose hormone therapy, followed by orchiectomy 30 years prior. Chronic hypertension, dizziness, and vertigo prompted an endocrine workup which revealed elevated IGF-1 and prolactin; The pituitary mass proved to be a mixed somatotroph/lactotroph adenoma. The second occurred in a 53-year-old transgender male-to-female who was being evaluated by an endocrinologist prior to initiating hormone therapy for transition when a slightly elevated prolactin level was discovered. This pituitary macroadenoma proved to be a gonadotroph adenoma. The most common surgical specimens were 33 bilateral mastectomies, 13 hysterectomies, and 4 orchiectomies, almost all for gender transition purposes rather than medical conditions. Pathologists may wish to be aware of the occurrence of pituitary adenomas in transgender individuals, although the incidence is quite low.