bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A bird's‐eye view of reservoirs in the Mississippi Basin tips a need for large‐scale coordination
Authors: Miranda Leandro E. , Coppola Giancarlo , Hatcher Hunter R. , Jargowsky Matthew B. , Moran Zachary S. , Rhodes Michael C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractReservoirs are mostly managed at local scales as spatially independent units. A basin‐scale perspective may increase awareness at a broader scope and generate insight not evident at local scales. We examined the array of reservoir attributes and fisheries in the Mississippi Basin to identify management opportunities. The basin is the third largest in the world and includes over 1,700 reservoirs >100 ha, the most of any river basin. Our bird's‐eye view shows a piecemeal approach where reservoirs are mostly administered at the local level. Basin‐wide or catchment coordination to holistically address problems that recur across the basin is mostly lacking. A basin‐wide coordination arrangement could facilitate various facets of reservoir management. We reviewed governance arrangements in major river basins across the globe and concluded that the basin‐wide administrative layer we encourage for the Mississippi Basin may already exist in some basins but may not be directly applicable everywhere.
Dialogue between gastrointestinal tract and skin: New insights into the Helicobacter pylori and atopic dermatitis
Authors: Xue Qian , Li Xia , Li Yuchen , Xu Jun , Wu Zhe , Wang Jingtong 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough many studies have focused on the protective function of H pylori in some allergic diseases, it remains unknown as whether H pylori infection exerts a similar protective effect on atopic dermatitis(AD). Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between H pylori infection and AD.Materials and methodsAn animal model of H pylori infection‐AD was established by epicutaneous sensitization with calcipotriol after infection with H pylori by gavage. The Treg cells were analyzed by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. The expression of key inflammatory cytokines in dermal tissues was investigated at the mRNA level by real‐time PCR.ResultsCompared with that in the H pylori‐negative AD group, the severity of skin lesions, such as hyperemia, erythema, and swelling, was lower in the H pylori‐positive AD group, while the serum IgE level decreased significantly in the H pylori‐positive AD group. The percentage of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg cells in the peripheral blood and the number of Foxp3+ cells in dermal tissues increased significantly in the H pylori‐positive AD group. The expression of IL‐10 and TGF‐β was upregulated, while the expression of IL‐4 mRNA was downregulated in dermal tissues in the H pylori‐positive AD group. The adoptive transfer assay showed that the number of CFSE+ Treg cells in the cervical lymph nodes of AD mice was significantly higher than that in normal mice, indicating the Tregs in H pylori‐positive mice had a tendency to migrate to the skin tissue. It was also found that H pylori infection induced CCR4+ Treg cells expansion synchronously in gastric lymph nodes, spleen, blood, mesenteric lymph node (MLN), and cervical lymph nodes by the time of H pylori infection.ConclusionsH pylori infection alleviated calcipotriol‐inducing AD manifestations by inducing the amplification of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg cells in the peripheral blood. H pylori showed possible protection against atopic dermatitis, suggesting an immune dialogue between gastrointestinal tract and skin.
Views about integrating smoking cessation treatment within psychological services for patients with common mental illness: A multi‐perspective qualitative study
Authors: Taylor Gemma M. J. , Sawyer Katherine , Kessler David , Munafò Marcus R. , Aveyard Paul , Shaw Alison 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundTobacco smoking rates are significantly higher in people with common mental illness compared to those without. Smoking cessation treatment could be offered as part of usual outpatient psychological care, but currently is not.ObjectiveTo understand patient and health care professionals' views about integrating smoking cessation treatment into outpatient psychological services for common mental illness.DesignQualitative in‐depth interviews, with thematic analysis.ParticipantsEleven Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) psychological wellbeing practitioners (PWPs), six IAPT patients, and six stop smoking advisors were recruited from English smoking cessation, and IAPT services.ResultsPatients reported psychological benefits from smoking, and also described smoking as a form of self‐harm. Stop smoking advisors displayed therapeutic pessimism and stigmatizing attitudes towards helping people with mental illness to quit smoking. PWPs have positive attitudes towards smoking cessation treatment for people with common mental illness. PWPs and patients accept evidence that smoking tobacco may harm mental health, and quitting might benefit mental health. PWPs report expertise in helping people with common mental illness to make behavioural changes in the face of mood disturbances and low motivation. PWPs felt confident in offering smoking cessation treatments to patients, but suggested a caseload reduction may be required to deliver smoking cessation support in IAPT.ConclusionsIAPT appears to be a natural environment for smoking cessation treatment. PWPs may need additional training, and a caseload reduction. Integration of smoking cessation treatment into IAPT services should be tested in a pilot and feasibility study.Patient or public contributionService users and members of the public were involved in study design and interpretation of data.
Associations of toll‐like receptor 4 and 2 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Gao Shutao , Zhang Jian , Xu Tao , Xun Chuanhui , Cao Rui , Guo Hailong , Liang Weidong , Sheng Weibin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe published evidences on the correlations of toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) and TLR9 gene polymorphisms and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) were conflicting. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether TLR4 and TLR9 gene polymorphisms conferred susceptibility to AS through a meta‐analysis approach.MethodsDatabases of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang were retrieved for relevant publications up to 20 June 2020. Study quality was assessed based on Newcastle‐Ottawa scale (NOS). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to judge the associations.ResultsTotally, 13 articles with 3,055 AS cases and 4,238 controls were incorporated into this meta‐analysis, and four most widely reported polymorphisms (TLR4‐rs4986790, TLR4‐rs4986791, TLR9‐rs55704465 and TLR9‐rs187084) were analysed. All included studies were in high quality. The pooled data did not support any significant association between the four studied polymorphisms and AS susceptibility.ConclusionsThe present meta‐analysis suggests there is no significant association between TLR4‐rs4986790, TLR4‐rs4986791, TLR9‐rs55704465 and TLR9‐rs187084 polymorphisms and AS.
COVID‐19‐associated collapsing glomerulopathy: a report of two cases and literature review
Authors: Izzedine Hassan , Brocheriou Isabelle , Arzouk Nadia , Seilhean Danielle , Couvert Philippe , Cluzel Philippe , Pha Micheline , Le Monnier Ophelie , Varnous Shadia , Andreelli Fabrizio , Amoura Zahir , Mathian Alexis 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNephrotic range proteinuria has been reported during the course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and coronavirus disease (COVID‐19). However, the pathological mechanisms underlying this manifestation are unknown. In this article, we present two cases of collapsing glomerulopathy (CG) associated with acute tubular necrosis during the course of COVID‐19, and review the literature for similar reports. In our two cases, as in the 14 cases reported so far, the patients were of African ancestry. The 14 patients assessed had an APOL1 high‐risk genotype. At the end of the reported period, two patients had died and five patients were still requiring dialysis. The 16 cases detailed in the present report strongly argue in favour of a causal link between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and the occurrence of CG in patients homozygous for APOL1 high‐risk genotype for which the term COVID‐associated nephropathy (COVIDAN) can be put forward.
The human approach to supportive interventions: The lived experience of people who care for others who suicide attempt
Authors: Wayland Sarah , Coker Sarah , Maple Myfanwy 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThere is currently limited information about the impact and experiences of a suicide attempt on the well‐being of a person providing care before, during, or after the attempt. Scant evidence available suggests that providing care has a profound impact on the support person or carers’ own physical and psychological health; they may experience adverse health, financial, and functional outcomes, collectively described as ‘caregiver burden’. This project sought to understand insights into the experience of providing care for someone who has previously attempted suicide. The larger study was designed in three phases consisting of an online survey, semi‐structured interviews, and a follow‐up survey. This paper reports the qualitative findings of the interviews which were thematically analysed. Two symbiotic themes emerged: the lived experience of caring and the impact of engagement and support from the healthcare system. The authors concluded that that the carer position is a multidimensional role involving informal agreements and situational or time‐based support. Further, awareness of this shifting relationship needs to be embedded in the provision of care by health professionals following a suicide attempt. Recommendations for enhanced health system response are proposed.
Mediator tail module subunits MED16 and MED25 differentially regulate abscisic acid signaling in Arabidopsis
Authors: Guo Pengcheng , Chong Leelyn , Wu Fangming , Hsu Chuan‐Chih , Li Chuanyou , Zhu Jian‐Kang , Zhu Yingfang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMED25 has been implicated as a negative regulator of the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway. However, it is unclear whether other Mediator subunits could associate with MED25 to participate in the ABA response. Here, we used affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry to uncover Mediator subunits that associate with MED25 in transgenic plants. We found that at least 26 Mediator subunits, belonging to the head, middle, tail, and CDK8 kinase modules, were co‐purified with MED25 in vivo. Interestingly, the tail module subunit MED16 was identified to associate with MED25 under both mock and ABA treatments. We further showed that the disruption of MED16 led to reduced ABA sensitivity compared to the wild type. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the expression of several ABA‐responsive genes was significantly lower in med16 than those in wild type. Furthermore, we discovered that MED16 may possibly compete with MED25 to interact with the key transcription factor ABA INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5) to positively regulate ABA signaling. Consistently, med16 and med25 mutants displayed opposite phenotypes in ABA response, cuticle permeability, and differential ABI5‐mediated EM1 and EM6 expression. Together, our data indicate that MED16 and MED25 differentially regulate ABA signaling by antagonistically affecting ABI5‐mediated transcription in Arabidopsis.
A clinical evaluation of noninvasive and contactless radiofrequency technique in the treatment of abdominal fat
Authors: Qin Jie , Guo Meng‐er , Xu Xue‐gang , Zhang Chao , Yu Cheng‐qian , Li Yuan‐hong , Chen Hong‐duo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is an increasing demand for fat reduction and body contouring procedures. Noninvasive radiofrequency devices have been used to tighten skin and treat cellulite, but there are few studies confirming their efficacy for abdominal fat reduction.ObjectiveThis study explored the effects of four noninvasive radiofrequency (RF) treatments on abdominal fat in Asian subjects, evaluating body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference.MethodsIn this study, 16 patients with abdominal obesity were treated four times with a noninvasive and contactless selective RF device (VANQUISH ME™, BTL Aesthetics). Treatments were 7 days apart and lasted 45 min each. The BMI and circumference of the upper, middle, and lower abdomen were measured at baseline and after each treatment.ResultsThere were statistically significant reductions in BMI and abdominal circumference in all 16 patients (P < .05). Most patients only experienced a slight abdominal heat sensation and minimal body sweating during the treatment, and no adverse reactions were observed after the treatment.ConclusionThe noninvasive and contactless selective RF technique was effective and safe in reducing fat, BMI, and abdominal circumference.
Rise in male cosmetic procedures in dermatology: A 4.5‐year clinical evaluation
Authors: Wang Jordan V. , Valiga Alexander , Albornoz Christian A. , Geronemus Roy G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis commentary examines the growing popularity of cosmetic procedures in men. With the recent increase in aesthetic procedures across the nation, it is important for physicians to understand trends as they evolve, which can help to optimize clinical training, business operations, and practice management. Although the popularity of cosmetic procedures in men has increased, available data on consumer behavior is limited. Our data fills this gap by examining the patterns of cosmetic procedures in men. Due to hormonal and anatomic differences, the pathophysiology of cutaneous aging differs between sexes, which can have significant implications for treatment. Our data demonstrates a positive trend in recent years and also breaks it down by individual procedures.
Gingival overgrowth induced by anticonvulsant drugs: A cross‐sectional study on epileptic patients
Authors: Gallo Claudio , Bonvento Giada , Zagotto Giuseppe , Mucignat‐Caretta Carla 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveOur aim was to estimate the prevalence of gingival overgrowth (hyperplasia) and to determine whether active molecules affect the severity of overgrowth in a group of epileptic patients.BackgroundThe effects of phenytoin on oral health have been explored in different studies, yet little information is available on other antiepileptic drugs.MethodsData were collected from 213 subjects of both sexes, from 5 to 80 years. Patients taking the same antiepileptic therapy for at least 1 year and meeting the inclusion criteria of the study (n = 162) were subjected to measurement of gingival overgrowth according to the modified Harris and Ewalt classification and O’Leary's plaque control record (OLR). Descriptive statistics were calculated. Data were analyzed using Pearson's r correlation coefficient and chi‐square test. Significance level was set at 5%.ResultsThe active drugs lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, and phenobarbital were significantly associated with gingival overgrowth in 61%, 71%, and 53% of cases, respectively, and phenytoin, valproic acid, and carbamazepine in 50%, 44%, and 32% of cases, respectively.ConclusionDifferent antiepileptic molecules may be related to gingival overgrowth. In addition to phenytoin, also lamotrigine, oxcarbazepine, and phenobarbital were associated with increased prevalence of gingival overgrowth. In the management of epileptic patients, dentists should take into account different drugs as possible causes for gingival overgrowth and warn for possible alternatives.
Burrow structure and utilization in the mudskipper Periophthalmodon septemradiatus from the Mekong Delta
Authors: Dinh Q. M. , Tran L. T. , Phan T. T. , Bui M. T. , Nguyen T. T. K. , Tran D. D. , Vo T. T. , Mai H. V. , Tran L. X. , Ishimatsu A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSeveral studies indicate that burrows play an essential role in burrowing fish, especially mudskippers, but little is known on burrow morphology and utilization of Periophthalmodon septemradiatus. This study was therefore conducted at five sampling sites from the estuary to upper reaches of Hau River to contribute to the knowledge of the behavior of Pn. septemradiatus, via in situ and ex situ observations of the utilization of burrow structures. Burrows made by polyester resin were used to determine their morphology. The male mudskippers Pn. septemradiatus were observed to excavate burrows using their mouths during the low tide. The burrows' shapes were found to be J, U and W, with 1–3 openings and one bulbous chamber. The chamber was used as egg container where the mudskipper deposits their fertilized eggs. W‐shaped burrows were found to be interconnected chambers where the mudskipper used it to change direction of movements inside the burrow. For the J‐ and U‐shaped burrows, the commonality at all five sites was identified. The W‐shaped burrows were common and were only found at two sites (Long Duc and An Lac Tay). For the burrows' structure, the openings to the surface were oval, circular and bulbous in shape. Yet, there were variations between sites, and the burrows' size was similar during the dry and wet seasons. At different sites, the depth of the burrows seasonally changed. The burrows used by mudskipper provide shelter, spawning sites, and access to feeding grounds for other mudskipper species.
Durability of Macroplastique volume and configuration in women with stress urinary incontinence secondary to intrinsic sphincter deficiency: A retrospective review
Authors: Carroll Timothy F. , Christie Alana , Foreman Melissa , Kuprasertkul Amy , Khatri Gaurav , Zimmern Philippe E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the durability of Macroplastique® (MPQ) volume and configuration in women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) secondary to intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) using serial three‐dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) measurements.MethodsFollowing Institutional Review Board approval, charts of women with SUI and ISD (defined based on leak point pressure; lateral imaging of urethral support without hypermobility) who underwent MPQ were reviewed from a prospectively maintained database. All had at least two serial transperineal 3DUS measurements with no MPQ or other bulking agent injection between measurements. 3DUS was performed using the Philips IU22 ultrasound system with endovaginal 3D 9‐3V end‐fire probe typically at 6‑8 weeks post‐injection and yearly thereafter. The same imaging team blinded to clinical outcomes evaluated volume and configuration (circumferential/symmetric or asymmetric) at each 3DUS.ResultsBetween 2011 and 2019, 62 of 174 women met study criteria. Those with prior other bulking agent injection or having ≤1 3DUS follow‐up were excluded. Seventy‐one percent of patients had one injection, while the remainder had two or more (29%). Median time between first and second 3DUS was 12 months. The mean change in MPQ volume between the first and last 3DUS measurement was −0.2 cc (95% CI: −0.5 to 0.004; P = .054). A median of 5.0 cc were injected in each patient. Forty‐seven women had symmetric MPQ at first 3DUS, of whom only five (11%) had a follow‐up 3DUS showing asymmetric MPQ distribution.ConclusionsAt mid‐term follow‐up, repeat transperineal 3DUS after MPQ injection revealed minimal change in volume and configuration in the urethral wall.
Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation Normalizes Measures of Pain Processing in Patients with Chronic Low‐Back Pain: A Prospective Pilot Study using Quantitative Sensory Testing
Authors: Chapman Kenneth B. , van Roosendaal Bert‐Kristian , Yousef Tariq A. , Vissers Kris C. , van Helmond Noud 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundDorsal root ganglion stimulation (DRG‐S) is used as a treatment for chronic low‐back pain (CLBP), although its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. CLBP patients have been found to have reduced mechanoreceptive perception, reduced endogenous analgesia, as well as deep‐tissue hyperalgesia when compared with healthy controls. Using quantitative sensory testing (QST), we studied if DRG‐S in CLBP patients results in changes in pain processing.MethodsQuantitative sensory testing was performed in patients before trial implantation of a DRG‐S system for CLBP and just before the trial lead removal or at 1‐month follow‐up after the permanent implant. We determined the pressure pain threshold (PPT) and mechanical detection threshold (MDT) at the most painful lower‐back location. PPT was also measured on the contralateral shoulder as a control. We obtained a measure of endogenous inhibitory pain modulation using conditioned pain modulation (CPM).ResultsWe enrolled 11 patients (60 ± 16 years). Pain decreased from 8.5 ± 1.0 at baseline to 2.0 ± 1.5 on a 0‐10 numerical rating scale with DRG‐S (P < 0.01). From baseline to with DRG‐S, PPT on the most painful location on the low back increased from 28.7 ± 13.6 to 43.4 ± 17.2 N/cm2(P < 0.01). MDT on the same location decreased from 8.1 ± 10.4 to 3.4 ± 4.7 mN (P = 0.07). PPT on the control location and CPM did not change significantly.ConclusionsOur results suggest that DRG‐S in CLBP patients reduces deep‐tissue hyperalgesia in the low back, while improving mechanoreceptive perception. These changes in both neuropathic and nociceptive components of CLBP were accompanied by clinical improvements in pain and function.
Psychometric evaluation of the Hospitalisation‐Related Stressors Questionnaire for Elderly Patients
Authors: Yildirim Hilal , Işik Kevser 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundStress can threaten the health and recovery of patients, and determining the level of stress can be an important factor in curing illnesses. The aim was to adapt the Hospitalisation‐Related Stressors Questionnaire for Elderly Patients (HRSQ‐EP) and perform its psychometric evaluation.MethodsIn the study, the method of developing a scale and determining the construct validity and reliability of this scale was used. The research was carried out with elderly patients who were hospitalised. The research was conducted in two main phases; in the first phase, after providing expert opinion for the language validity of the scale, the content and face validity were confirmed and then confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were applied for content validity and reliability in the second phase.ResultsThe new scale, which was formed as a result of evaluating the construct validity, consisted of three factors and 15 items, and all factors explained 67.1% of the total variance. Kaiser‐Meyer‐Olkin, which determined the suitability of the measurement tool for factor analysis, was determined as 0.901 and Bartlett test 0.000. The adapted short form is a simple and easy‐to‐understand tool for determining the stress levels of hospitalised elderly individuals. HRSQ‐EP provided evidence that it demonstrates adequate internal consistency, reliability and construct validity.ConclusionThe results suggested that the adapted measurement tool will be useful. The scale is recommended to be evaluated in different populations to determine cultural differences.