bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Electrochemical Stability of Sulfide‐Based LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 All‐Solid‐State Batteries by Ti Surface Doping
Authors: Zhang Qing , Bruck Andrea M. , Stavola Alyssa M. , Liang Wentao , Aurora Peter , Gallaway Joshua W. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) using inorganic superionic conductors are considered a safer alternative to the current lithium ion battery technology. And tackling the issue of interfacial stability between the solid‐state electrolyte and electrode active material is a critical step to achieving sustainable ASSBs. In this work, we applied a TiO2 surface coating on LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) particles through a dry‐coating process, and subsequently heat‐treated the TiO2‐coated materials. We systematically characterized the changes to the material after the coating and heating processes, and we explored the role of TiO2 coating and heat‐treatment on the electrochemical cycling of NMC811 in a sulfide‐based ASSB. The coating and heat treatment resulted in Ti doped into the NMC811 surface, which reduced undesired side reactions and improved cycling stability. Capacity retention of the doped material was 55 % at 50 cycles, versus 11 % in the un‐doped material. The observations in this study provide an alternative approach toward enhancing the interfacial stabilities between high‐energy NMC materials and sulfide‐based solid‐state electrolyte.
Acquired hemophilia in a 7‐year‐old girl successfully treated with recombinant FVIIA and steroids: A case report
Authors: Giuffrida Gaetano , Markovic Uros , Parisi Marina , Nicolosi Daniela , Calafiore Valeria 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAcquired hemophilia should be evaluated in pediatric patients with bleeding and isolated prolonged aPTT. Immunosuppressive treatment should be initiated even in minor bleedings. Bypassing agents like rFVIIa can be used in children with success.
Maximum self‐generated electric field induced by pyroelectricity of PZT 95/5
Authors: Zhang Fu‐Ping , Wu Ling‐Feng , Zhang Tao , Xie Qing‐hai , Liu Yu‐Sheng , He Hong‐liang , Jiang Yi‐Xuan , Nie Heng‐Chang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractElectric field induced by pyroelectric effect is often observed in the ferroelectric devices when they subject to temperature change. But the maximum value of ferroelectric field is still unknown. If this value exceeds the coercive field or even reaches breakdown field, the ferroelectric devices may be damaged. In this study, pyroelectricexperimental of PbZr0.95Ti0.05O3 (PZT 95/5) ferroelectric ceramics was conducted to understand maximum self‐generated pyroelectric field. An equivalent circuit and path of pyroelectricity was built to analyze the pyroelectric field of PZT 95/5. Results indicated that maximum pyroelectric field is about 1.1 kV/mm. This value is controlled by the internal resistivity of PZT 95/5. A mean internal resistivity of PZT 95/5 is about 1 × 109 Ω·m during the low‐temperature to high‐temperature rhombohedral phase transformation.
Phosgene‐Free Carbonyl Insertion: Hot Advances in 11C‐Chemistry
Authors: Bow John‐Paul J. , Riss Patrick J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSynthetic methods for carbon‐11 chemistry are highlighted with particular importance put on the activation of [11C]CO2. Methods focus on practical, alternative routes to key intermediates for synthesis of radiotracers without the reliance on [11C]phosgene. Recent advances display practical syntheses with efficient total synthesis times and high molar activity in final products. Advances include the use of carbonyl transfer agents, transition‐metal catalysts, and functional groups in starting materials.
Measuring success for a future vision: Defining impact in science gateways/virtual research environments
Authors: Calyam Prasad , Wilkins‐Diehr Nancy , Miller Mark , Brookes Emre H. , Arora Ritu , Chourasia Amit , Jennewein Douglas M. , Nandigam Viswanath , Drew LaMar M. , Cleveland Sean B. , Newman Greg , Wang Shaowen , Zaslavsky Ilya , Cianfrocco Michael A. , Ellett Kevin , Tarboton David , Jeffery Keith G. , Zhao Zhiming , González‐Aranda Juan , Perri Mark J. , Tucker Greg , Candela Leonardo , Kiss Tamas , Gesing Sandra 
Published: December 2020

SummaryScholars worldwide leverage science gateways/virtual research environments (VREs) for a wide variety of research and education endeavors spanning diverse scientific fields. Evaluating the value of a given science gateway/VRE to its constituent community is critical in obtaining the financial and human resources necessary to sustain operations and increase adoption in the user community. In this article, we feature a variety of exemplar science gateways/VREs and detail how they define impact in terms of, for example, their purpose, operation principles, and size of user base. Further, the exemplars recognize that their science gateways/VREs will continuously evolve with technological advancements and standards in cloud computing platforms, web service architectures, data management tools and cybersecurity. Correspondingly, we present a number of technology advances that could be incorporated in next‐generation science gateways/VREs to enhance their scope and scale of their operations for greater success/impact. The exemplars are selected from owners of science gateways in the Science Gateways Community Institute (SGCI) clientele in the United States, and from the owners of VREs in the International Virtual Research Environment Interest Group (VRE‐IG) of the Research Data Alliance. Thus, community‐driven best practices and technology advances are compiled from diverse expert groups with an international perspective to envisage futuristic science gateway/VRE innovations.
Two different sources of Perlecan cooperate for its function in the basement membrane of the Drosophila wing imaginal disc
Authors: Bonche Raphaël , Chessel Aline , Boisivon Séverine , Smolen Prune , Thérond Pascal , Pizette Sandrine 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe basement membrane (BM) provides mechanical shaping of tissues during morphogenesis. The Drosophila BM proteoglycan Perlecan is vital for this process in the wing imaginal disc. This function is thought to be fostered by the heparan sulfate chains attached to the domain I of vertebrate Perlecan. However, this domain is not present in Drosophila, and the source of Perlecan for the wing imaginal disc BM remains unclear. Here, we tackle these two issues.ResultsIn silico analysis shows that Drosophila Perlecan holds a domain I. Moreover, by combining in situ hybridization of Perlecan mRNA and protein staining, together with tissue‐specific Perlecan depletion, we find that there is an autonomous and a non‐autonomous source for Perlecan deposition in the wing imaginal disc BM. We further show that both sources cooperate for correct distribution of Perlecan in the wing imaginal disc and morphogenesis of this tissue.ConclusionsThese results show that Perlecan is fully conserved in Drosophila, providing a valuable in vivo model system to study its role in BM function. The existence of two different sources for Perlecan incorporation in the wing imaginal disc BM raises the possibility that inter‐organ communication mediated at the level of the BM is involved in organogenesis.
Eating disorder symptoms among adolescent boys and girls in Iran
Authors: Sahlan Reza N. , Saunders Jessica F. , Mond Jonathan M. , Fitzsimmons‐Craft Ellen E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveFew studies of eating disorder (ED) symptoms among young people in Iran have been conducted. This cross‐sectional study examined ED symptoms, assessed by the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q).MethodAdolescent boys (n = 498) and girls (n = 607) aged 12–19 years, recruited from schools in four different regions of Iran, completed a survey that included the EDE‐Q. ED symptoms, namely, EDE‐Q global scores and the occurrence of specific ED behaviors, were compared between boys and girls.ResultsGirls had higher global scores and were more likely to report regular extreme dietary restriction than boys (16.6 vs. 12.0%). The effect sizes for these differences were small. The regular occurrence of other behaviors (girls vs. boys—binge eating: 21.1 vs. 18.8%; self‐induced vomiting: 3.3 vs. 5.4%; laxative misuse: 6.1 vs. 7.6%; excessive exercise: 5.3 vs. 4.4%) did not significantly differ by gender. Twelve percent of boys and 12.9% of girls met criteria for an operational definition of “probable ED case.”ConclusionED symptoms appear to be relatively common among Iranian adolescent boys and girls. Programs designed to reduce the occurrence and adverse impact of these symptoms may therefore be increasingly important.
Recent advances in genusMentha: Phytochemistry, antimicrobial effects, and food applications
Authors: Mamadalieva Nilufar Z. , Hussain Hidayat , Xiao Jianbo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe genusMentha(mint) belongs to the Lamiaceae family, which includes 25 to 30 species. The species of this genus have been known for their medicinal and aromatherapeutic properties since ancient times and possess a significant economical and commercial reputation. Several species ofMenthaare widely used in culinary and traditional medicines in many parts of the world. Essential oils fromMenthaspecies have been commonly used as flavoring substance in beverages, providing a “fresh‐like” aroma and taste. Chemical analyses ofMenthaspecies have yielded a number of important phytocompounds belonging to different classes, such as organic acids, flavonoids, sterols, alkaloids, lignans, hydrocarbons, fatty acids, tocopherols, proteins, free sugars, etc. Moreover, the main compounds in mints are essential oils, phenolics, and flavonoids. This review reports the available information on the present status (literature up to early 2020) of theMenthaspecies and summarizes the chemical constituents, traditional and culinary uses, cultivation, and biological properties. In addition, comprehensive analysis of the antibacterial studies conducted onMenthaspecies is represented. In effect,Menthaspecies have been presented here as a viable alternative source of many biological and chemically active compounds which are already known to be of great economic, pharmaceutical, and nutritional importance.
Rationality and anchoring of inflation expectations: An assessment from survey‐based and market‐based measures
Authors: de Mendonça Helder Ferreira , Garcia Pedro Mendes , Vicente José Valentim Machado 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is twofold. Firstly, we test the rationality of survey‐based and market‐based inflation expectations. Secondly, we investigate whether they indicate a different performance of the central bank in anchoring inflation expectations. Briefly, this paper verifies if inflation expectations' proxies display the same features regarding rationality and anchoring. Using data from the Brazilian market, we present robust evidence that both survey‐based and market‐based inflation expectations have useful content to explain realized inflation. Moreover, we find that these proxies of inflation expectations provide different assessments of the central bank's ability to anchor inflation expectations. The findings point out that central banks must monitor both survey‐based and market‐based inflation expectations to improve their monetary policy conduct.
Effects of different food ingredients on the color and absorption spectrum of carminic acid and carminic aluminum lake
Authors: Liu Qian , He Zhiyong , Zeng Maomao , Qin Fang , Wang Zhaojun , Liu Guoping , Chen Jie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this study, three foodstuffs (surimi, minced meat, and milk) were dyed with carminic acid and carminic aluminum lake. The effects of protein, metal ions, and food additives on the color of carminic acid and carminic aluminum lake were investigated. After being dyed by carminic acid, the colors of surimi, minced meat, and milk were light purple, red, and gray‐green, respectively. When using carminic aluminum lake, surimi and milk were magenta, and minced meat was red. Regarding the carminic acid solution, the presence of myofibrillar protein (MFP), whey protein isolate (WPI), and soy protein isolate (SPI) turned it red by changing the pH, while the presence of casein made it orange. The carminic aluminum lake solution turned magenta in all four cases, which were not affected by protein. The color of carminic acid and carminic aluminum lake was significantly affected by 0.001–0.1 mol/L Fe3+, 0.001–0.1 mol/L Fe2+, 0.001–0.1 mol/L Cu2+, and 0.1 mol/L Ca2+, limiting their application in iron‐, copper‐, and high‐calcium foods. The color of carminic acid was changed to yellow by 0.01%‐1% sodium nitrite, but 0.01%–1% ascorbic acid and 0.01%–0.1% monascus color did not significantly affect the color of either carminic acid or carminic aluminum lake. This paper provides a reference for the application of carminic acid and carminic aluminum lake in food science.
Differential spatial patterns of structural connectivity of amygdala nuclei with orbitofrontal cortex
Authors: Matyi Melanie A. , Spielberg Jeffrey M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)‐amygdala circuit is critical to goal‐directed behavior, learning, and valuation. However, our understanding of the OFC‐amygdala connections that support these emergent processes is hampered by our reliance on the primate literature and insufficient knowledge regarding the connectivity patterns between regions of OFC and amygdala nuclei, each of which is differentially involved in these processes in humans. Thus, we examined structural connectivity between different OFC regions and four amygdala nuclei in healthy adults (n = 1,053) using diffusion‐based anatomical networks and probabilistic tractography in four conceptually distinct ways. First, we identified the OFC regions that connect with each nucleus. Second, we identified the OFC regions that were more likely to connect with a given nucleus than the others. Finally, we developed probabilistic and rank‐order maps of OFC (one for each nucleus) based upon the likelihood of each OFC voxel exhibiting preferential connectivity with each nucleus and the relative density of connectivity between each OFC voxel and each nucleus, respectively. The first analyses revealed that the connections of each nucleus spanned all of OFC, reflecting widespread overall amygdala linkage with OFC. Analysis of preferential connectivity and probabilistic and rank‐order maps of OFC converged to reveal differential patterns of connectivity between OFC and each nucleus. Present findings illustrate the importance of accounting for spatial specificity when examining links between OFC and amygdala. This fine‐grained examination of OFC‐amygdala connectivity can be applied to understand how such connectivity patterns support a range of emergent functions including affective and motivational processes.
Silenced SOX2‐OT alleviates ventricular arrhythmia associated with heart failure by inhibiting NLRP3 expression via regulating miR‐2355‐3p
Authors: Liang Yuming , Wang Boqun , Huang Huijuan , Wang Maoyun , Wu Qianwen , Zhao Yaxin , He Yan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundNucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain‐like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes are the most important factors in ventricular arrhythmia associated with heart failure (VA‐HF). However, how the relationship between lncRNA and NLRP3 inflammasomes is regulated in VA‐HF has not been investigated in detail. Thus, we aimed to determine the effects of SOX2‐overlapping transcripts (SOX2‐OT) by targeting NLRP3 in rats with VA‐HF.MethodsWe established rats (SPF, male, weight: 240 ± 10 g) with VA‐HF by aortic coarctation and constant‐current stimulation, then injected them with small interfering SOX2‐OT and anti‐miR‐2355‐3p. Six weeks later, SOX2‐OT and miR‐2355‐3p expression was measured using the quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction and NLRP3, ASC, caspase‐1, IL‐1β, and TGF‐β1 expression were measured by Western blot analysis; the ventricular chambers were histopathologically analyzed by staining with hematoxylin and eosin, Masson trichrome, and Picro Sirius Red and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were assessed by flow cytometry. The targeting relationship between miR‐2355‐3p and SOX2‐OT or NLRP3 was verified using dual‐luciferase reporter gene assays.ResultsThe expression of SOX2‐OT and levels of NLRP3 inflammasomes gradually increased in normal rats, and in those with heart failure and with VA‐HF. Silencing SOX2‐OT expression inhibited NLRP3, ASC, caspase‐1, IL‐1β, and TGF‐β1 expression and ROS production, reduced the degrees of cardiomyocyte necrosis and fibrosis and alleviated cardiac dysfunction in rats with VA‐HF. MicroR‐2355‐3p can bind the SOX2‐OT and the 3′‐untranslated region of NLRP3. Inhibiting miR‐2355‐3p reversed the effect of SOX2‐OT in rats with VA‐HF.ConclusionsSilencing SOX2‐OT alleviated cardiac dysfunction in rats by reducing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes via regulating miR‐2355‐3p.
Geometric Frustration in Molecular Crystals
Authors: Efrati Efi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUnlike Lego bricks that perfectly assemble next to one another, solid assemblies of organic compounds often include some inevitable misfit between constituents, giving rise to geometric frustration. In order to fit into the assembly the molecular building blocks must distort, at some finite energetic cost. In cases where this distortion at the ground state is uniform across all the units in the assembly, the associated geometric frustration is said to be locally resolved. Such locally resolved frustration carries little implications on the morphology and response properties of the assembled structure. However, in many cases, for small enough assemblies there are non‐local compromises that are more energetically favorable. These conformations are associated with non‐uniform distortions and highly cooperative response between the molecular constituents. The cooperative nature of frustrated assemblies may result in growth arrest, tendency to form filaments, exotic response properties and large morphological variations during the growth of the assembly.Almost a century ago German mineralogist Ferdinand Bernauer discovered that a large fraction of small organic compounds could form twisted molecular crystals. These are straight and narrow needle‐like structures with mesoscopic pitch, a crystalographically impossible structure. Recent revived interest in twisted molecular crystals discovered even more compounds that form these exotic assemblies and led to their study by modern means. Electron microscopy revealed straight faceted structures with sharp diffraction peaks in selected area electron diffraction, much like regular crystals. Moreover, the pitch of the molecular crystals varied with size, with thicker crystals exhibiting less twist.In this work we review twisted molecular crystals as frustrated assemblies. In this approach twist emerges from the preferred morphology at the constituent scale, and gets attenuated with size by the incompatibility of twist and large‐scale crystalline order. We discuss two distinct mechanisms that produce twisted molecular crystals, and provide a prediction for the twist decay as a function of the crystals’ spatial dimensions.
Near‐infrared emission Cu, N‐doped carbon dots for human umbilical vein endothelial cell labeling and their biocompatibility in vitro
Authors: Zhu Peide , Zhang Ting , Li Jianxiong , Ma Junfei , Ouyang Xiangcheng , Zhao Xuelin , Xu Meng , Wang Deqing , Xu Quan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractQuantum dots (QDs) are luminescent semiconductor nanomaterials (NMs) with various biomedical applications, but the high toxicity associated with traditional QDs, such as Cd‐based QDs, limits their uses in biomedicine. As such, the development of biocompatible metal‐free QDs has gained extensive research interests. In this study, we synthesized near‐infrared emission Cu, N‐doped carbon dots (CDs) with optimal emission at 640 nm and a fluorescence quantum yield of 27.1% (in N,N‐dimethylformamide [DMF]) by solvothermal method using o‐phenylenediamine and copper acetate monohydrate. We thoroughly characterized the CDs and showed that they were highly fluorescent and stable under different conditions, although in highly acidic (pH = 1–2) or alkaline (pH = 12–13) solutions, a redshift or blueshift of fluorescence emission peak of Cu, N‐doped CDs was also observed. When exposed to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), Cu, N‐doped CDs only significantly induced cytotoxicity at very high concentrations (100 or 200 μg/ml), but their cytotoxicity appeared to be comparable with carbon black (CB) nanoparticles (NPs) at the same mass concentrations. As the mechanisms, 200 μg/ml Cu, N‐doped CDs and CB NPs promoted endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins IRE1α and chop, leading to increased cleaved caspase 3/pro‐caspase 3 ratio, but CB NPs were more effective. At noncytotoxic concentration (50 μg/ml), Cu, N‐doped CDs successfully labeled HUVECs. In summary, we successfully prepared highly fluorescent and relatively biocompatible CDs to label HUVECs in vitro.
Biodistribution, cardiac and neurobehavioral assessments, and neurotransmitter quantification in juvenile rats following oral administration of aluminum oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Mortensen Ninell P. , Moreno Caffaro Maria , Patel Purvi R. , Snyder Rodney W. , Watson Scott L. , Aravamudhan Shyam , Montgomery Stephanie A. , Lefever Timothy , Sumner Susan J. , Fennell Timothy R. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractLittle is known about the uptake, biodistribution, and biological responses of nanoparticles (NPs) and their toxicity in developing animals. Here, male and female juvenile Sprague–Dawley rats received four consecutive daily doses of 10 mg/kg Al2O3NP (diameter: 24 nm [transmission electron microscope], hydrodynamic diameter: 148 nm) or vehicle control (water) by gavage between postnatal days (PNDs) 17–20. Basic neurobehavioral and cardiac assessments were performed on PND 20. Animals were sacrificed on PND 21, and selected tissues were collected, weighed, and processed for histopathology or neurotransmitter analysis. The biodistribution of Al2O3NP in tissue sections of the intestine, liver, spleen, kidney, and lymph nodes were evaluated using enhanced dark‐field microscopy (EDM) and hyperspectral imaging (HSI). Liver‐to‐body weight ratio was significantly increased for male pups administered Al2O3NP compared with control. HSI suggested that Al2O3NP was more abundant in the duodenum and ileum tissue of the female pups compared with the male pups, whereas the abundance of NP was similar for males and females in the other tissues. The abundance of NP was higher in the liver compared with spleen, lymph nodes, and kidney. Homovanillic acid and norepinephrine concentrations in brain were significantly decreased following Al2O3NP administration in female and male pups, whereas 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acid was significantly increased in male pups. EDM/HSI indicates intestinal uptake of Al2O3NP following oral administration. Al2O3NP altered neurotransmitter/metabolite concentrations in juvenile rats' brain tissues. Together, these data suggest that orally administered Al2O3NP interferes with the brain biochemistry in both female and male pups.