bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy logic-based tuning of PID controller for zeta converter regulation
Authors: Subroto R K , Ardhenta L , Hasanah R N , Sasminto K 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In renewable energy, the DC-DC converter plays important roles to convert the electric variables, such as voltage and current. Zeta converter is considered to be widely applied in various applications, includes: power factor correction, photovoltaic generation, and so on. However, the characteristics of the open loop response output voltage from the Zeta converter has quite high overshoot and long settling time. In addition, the input voltage and load variations will affect the Zeta converter’s voltage regulation. To encounter these issues, PID controller based on fuzzy logic tuning is implemented to regulate the output voltage of Zeta converter such that the output voltage can follow the desired voltage. According to simulation results the output voltage with fuzzy-PID controlled is able to track the desired reference voltage. Compared to PID controller, the output voltage controlled with fuzzy-PID controller has a smaller voltage deviation and recovery time. At a significant input voltage change the PID controller output response becomes unstable, while the fuzzy-PID controller still produces a good output response.
Eutrophication and restoration in temperate lakes
Authors: May L , Olszewska J , Gunn I D M , Meis S , Spears B M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Eutrophication affects many lakes and reservoirs worldwide. It is caused by excessive amounts of nutrients entering waterbodies from their catchments, mainly due to human activity. The main sources of these nutrients are discharges from industry and wastewater treatment systems, and agricultural runoff. The water quality problems caused by eutrophication, such as harmful algal blooms, affect the sustainable use of lakes for agriculture, fisheries, recreation, tourism and water supply. They also degrade habitat quality and threaten biodiversity. A range of methods for improving lake water quality are explored, including catchment management and in-lake restoration measures. The potential impacts of these on lake biodiversity are explored, including species interactions and ecosystem feedbacks that may confound the recovery process. A particular challenge is the fact that achieving sustainable recovery may take many years, mainly due to the impact of legacy pollution problems. This must be taken into account when planning and implementing eutrophication management options, because these slow recovery periods can exceed the timescales that people are willing to accept. While this review focuses on the many well documented studies of restoration and recovery processes in temperate lakes, it also highlights the need for similar research on tropical and sub-tropical systems.
Integrated multitrophic aquaculture in Maninjau Lake: converting eutrophic water into fish meal
Authors: Said D S S , Chrismadha T , Mayasari N , Badjoeri M 
Published: August 2020

AbstractManinjau lake has currently been under eutrophic condition and needs urgent efforts to recover it. Integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) has proposed as one among those pointed measures, by using lake water to perform inland aquaculture activity, in which an aquatic plant was employed to carry out double functions, as water phytoremediator and source of natural feed for fish. This research was focused on the ability of the duckweeds to support growth of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), carried out in IMTA ponds located at Nagari Batang, Maninjau Lake, West Sumatra for 40 days (September-October 2018). IMTA systems have been implemented as an effort to utilize lake water for growth media. It consisted of 3 tilapia ponds of 4×6 m2and 12 duckweed ponds (8 ponds of 4×4 m2and 4 ponds of 4×8 m2). The lake water was lifted up into the fish ponds (265 fishes/pond) and then channeled down into the duckweeds ponds, so as the duckweeds grew while absorbing nutrients content of waste fertile water from the fish ponds. The obtained duckweed biomass was then fed up to the fish. The result showed that the fish average SGR was 0.54 (0.31-0.73)%, the survival rate was 95.26 (92.88-98.12)% and the average FCR was 21.03 (14.02-28.29). Proximatee analysis of the fish showed the protein content was 45.767 (42.17-50.99)% and lipid was 7.923 (4.42-11.79)%. The daily production of duckweed was 48.19 (35.00-72.92) g/m2/day; with SGR 17.57 (3.15-31.43) %, while the protein content of Lemna was 32.896 (29.58-36.22)% and lipid 9.732 (8.47-10.99)%. The duckweed was able to convert eutrophic water into useful biomass for fish feed and can be promoted to support development of inland aquaculture activity nearby the Maninjau Lake.
Macrozoobenthos diversity as a bioindicator for the pollution status of Citarik River, West Java
Authors: Herawati H , Patria E , Hamdani H , Rizal A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Citarik River is one of the sub-watersheds of the Citarum River, which flows through to three administrative regions, namely Bandung Regency, Garut Regency, and Sumedang Regency. Citarik River is used for irrigation to support ponds and rice fields, however many industrial wastes and domestic wastes were disposed into Citarik River therefore it causes river water pollution. Macrozoobenthos diversity is an index that can be used to determine the pollution status of the river. The study was conducted between March to April 2019 at four sampling stations for four sampling times. All sampling stations are located in Bandung Regency. Station 1,2,3,4 are located in Mt. Kareumbi, Cicalengka, Haurpugur, and Solokan Jeruk, respectively. The highest value of diversity index of macrozoobenthos was observed at station 1 with the value of 2.01, whereas the lowest was at station 4 with the value of 0.69. The dominant species at station 4 are Pomacea sp. and Filopaludina sp. Both species belong to the class of gastropods. Based on the diversity index of macrozoobenthos, the pollution status of Citarik River at station 1 was an unpolluted category, station 2 was medium polluted, station 3 and 4 have been polluted heavily.
Profiles of Vibrio and heterotrophic bacteria in the intensive Vanamae shrimp culture using bioremediation technique in Karawang
Authors: Widiyanto T , Rusmana I , Febrianti D , Shohihah H , Triana A , Mardiati Y 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Vibrio sp. group is one of the parameters of the health level of a shrimp culture. The aim of this study is to learn the population of vibrio and heterotrophic bacteria in Vaname shrimps’ cultivation under the use of probiotic bacteria. The profile analysis of the Vibrio sp. and heterotrophic bacteria were done in the Vanname shrimp culture with implementation of selected bacteria as bioremediation agents in Balai Layanan Usaha Budidaya Perikanan, Karawang. The studies were conducted in 110 days using the culture density of 60 shrimps/m2. Three ponds of 2,500 m2 namely A5, A7 and B5 ponds were set up for the observation and sample-taking for nine times. The Vibrio sp. and heterotrophic bacteria were analyzed using a plate-count technique with Thiosulphate Citrate Bile-salt Sucrose (TCBS) agar and Sea-Water Complete (SWC) media respectively. The shrimp’s growth and survival rate, and the water quality parameters were also monitored periodically. The result showed that Vibrio sp. population were fluctuated. The population was between 1.4-29.0 x 102 CFU/mL. The result showed that Vibrio sp. population were fluctuated. The highest Vibrio population was 103 CFU/mL while the highest profile of heterotrophic bacteria around 105 CFU/mL in average. The shrimp weight in final day of culture showed positive increase with the average body weight of 22.34±0.68 g/indv, while the average daily growth rate was 0.31±0.01 % g/day and the average of survival rate in the final experiment was 58.42±1.50%. The water quality was fluctuated by increasing days of culture. The temperature of water during culture periode ranged between 26.46 ± 1.87°C to 26.97 ± 0.87°C, with the pH value ranged from 7.31 ± 0.36 to 7.59 ± 0.28 and the salinity ranged between 24.23 ± 43.87 to 24.61 ± 4.15 ppt.
The use of benthic macroinvertebrate community to evaluate the environment of Cirata Reservoir, in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Imroatushshoolikhah  , Larashati S , Ridwansyah I , Yulianti M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Macroinvertebrate community reflects the condition of a freshwater ecosystem. This study examined the community structure of macroinvertebrates and the water quality based on the existence of the Family in the Cirata reservoir. Moreover, to understand its response to several environmental variables. Cirata reservoir is a part of the cascade reservoir which has been known significantly loaded with organic material. The data of Environment variables, macroinvertebrates, and sediment samples were collected in November 2017 from five sites of the reservoir. The sites were chosen between floating net cages and the outlet, which the first site was the nearest and the fifth site was the farthest from the cages. Macroinvertebrates were collected and identified based on standard guidance. Ekman grab was used for collecting the sediment samples from the depth of 1.5 to 5 m with three times repetition in each site. The environmental variables including pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity, total dissolved solid, oxidation-reduction potential, and conductivity were recorded on the spot using Water Quality Checker. Meanwhile, Total Organic Matter (TOM) of sediment were analysed in Research Center for Limnology LIPI. The relationship between environmental variables and macroinvertebrate were evaluated using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). Eighteen taxa comprising four orders were identified. The community is grouped into four categories, Chironomids (81.65%), Non-Chironomids (Culliculidae, Odonata) (1.01%), Gastropods (4.13%), and Annelids (13.21%). The finding shows that polluted-tolerant groups are dominantly found in Cirata which consists of Chironomids and Annelids. Moreover, the diversity of macroinvertebrate was ranged moderate to low between 1.75 to 3.282. While the abundance ranged between 600 to 1889 ind/m2 in each site. However, the ordination of CCA described that TOM tended to be related to the existence of the non-Chironomids group, On the contrary, other parameters such as pH, DO, and temperature influenced the presence of the Chironomids, Annelids (worm), and Gastropods.
Phytoplankton distribution in Ranggeh River and its relationship with physicochemical parameters
Authors: Sulawesty F , Yustiawati  , Syawal M S 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Ranggeh River, located in Nagari Batang River - Agam Regency, is one of the natural habitats for native fishes of Lake Maninjau. Phytoplankton is a microorganism that has an important role in the aquatic ecosystem, as a primary producer in the food chain and to provide a food source for the higher organisms such as zooplankton and fish. The existence of phytoplankton in the river is influenced by physical and chemical factors. This study was aimed to reveal the correlation of the phytoplankton abundance and physicochemical parameters in Ranggeh River. The observations were conducted in February, March, and April 2019 at the upstream (SR 1, SR 2 and SR 3) and the downstream areas (SR 4 and SR 5) of Ranggeh River. The parameters observed were phytoplankton abundance and some water quality parameters. The phytoplankton community structure was analyzed by the ecological index. The highest and lowest abundance of phytoplankton was found in SR 4 and SR 1, respectively. Bacillaryophyta has been recorded as the most dominant group (98.30% to the total phytoplankton population), followed by Chlorophyta (1.40%), Cyanophyta (0.27%), and Euglenophyta (0.04%). Based on the ecological index, the phytoplankton communities at SR2, SR 3, SR 4 and SR 5 are unstable, and there is a species that dominates namely the Navicula elegans, Navicula pupula and Synedra ulna from the Bacillaryophyta group. According to values of phytoplankton abundance, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chlorophyll-a, and diversity index, Ranggeh River was mesotrophic water.
Spatio-temporal distribution of chlorine in the upper Tondano Watershed North Sulawesi Indonesia
Authors: Wantasen S , Luntungan J N , Tarore A E 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Water resources are one of the natural resources that are vital both for the life of organisms on the earth as well as for daily human needs in various sectors of life. Due to limited resources, water management becomes essential. A study in the spatial-temporal of chlorine on the Tondano watershed is important because domestic agricultural waste has the potential to cause residues and affect water quality degradation. This study aims to examine the spatial and temporal distribution of chlorine in the upper Tondano watershed throughout seven years (2013-2019). Water sampling was carried out using the composite sampling method on the river and irrigation channel outlets. Chlorine concentration was measured by UV-VIS Spectrophotometry method, and other water quality parameters such as pH and temperature were measured in the field. The chlorine concentration fluctuated for each month during 2013 – 2019 (0.02 mg/L to 0.59 mg/L, Quality Standard PP 82/2001 chlorine 0.03 mg/L). The highest values were in March, September, and November. The trend showed that chlorine levels were above the quality standard in March and November. The high concentration of chlorine in the Panasen River water bodies is partly due to the application of KCI fertilizers and, pesticides in rice fields and horticultural lands, as well as domestic waste.
Modeling the influence of floating net aquaculture and nutrient loads from catchment on the trophic status of a tropical volcanic lake
Authors: Rustini H A , Harsono E , Ridwansyah I 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Lake Maninjau in West Sumatra Province of Indonesia is a 10,779 Ha tropical volcanic lake with 12,951 Ha of the catchment area. Having been used as a power plant, tourism, catch fishery, and floating net aquaculture, the lake was said to have become eutrophic since almost two decades ago. Maninjau is one of National Priority Lakes in Indonesia which means that it needs to be revitalized. Many studies mentioned aquaculture and land use change in the catchment as the driver of eutrophication. However, none of these studies could pinpoint which of the two factors give a greater impact on the lake’s eutrophication process. This could lead to an error in determining priorities in revitalization measures. The objective of this study is to assess the influence of aquaculture and catchment load on Lake Maninjau eutrophication by using a combination of catchment and lake model which consists of SWAT model, 2-dimensional multilayers hydrodynamics and water quality model. Results showed that floating net aquaculture generally gives major impact (>97%) on eutrophication not only in the lakeshore area but also in the entire water body. Catchment area gives minor impact and only observed in a relatively shallow area. The results suggest that the important part and higher priority of restoration strategy should be reducing the nutrient load from floating net aquaculture.
Fisheries resources status of Selabung River during pre construction of Komering 2 Dam, Tigadihadji, South Sumatra
Authors: Marini M , Husnah  , Vipen  , Purwoko R M , Prianto E 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In the period of 2015-2019, 45 dam will be constructed in Indonesia. One of them is a cascade Komering 2 dam constructed in Selabung river, a tributary of Komering river, located in Tiga Dihadji District, South Sumatra. The present Perjaya irrigation dam which was built in 1991 in the down stream of Komering 2 reservoir experienced sedimentation and habitat loss of floodplain fisheries resource. Construction of Komering 2 dam could give negative effects to aquatic and fisheries resource of Selabung and Komering river. The information on the present state of fisheries resources in Selabung prior to the dam construction is important so that the impact of dam construction could be determined. A study in order to get information on the current state of fisheries resource in Komering 2 dam was conducted at three sampling sites in February and September 2018. Parameters observed were habitat characteristics and fish resources. The data was collected through field sampling and structured interview with the fishermen. Results of this study revealed that at the up stream, the riparian area is undisturbed covered by dense conservation forest while at the down stream inhabited by 300 families and 10 % of them are fishermen. Riparian area was covered by agriculture comodity. River bed was covered by peeble stone with most of water quality parameters still fulfil water quality standard of Indonesian regulation. Twenty three (23) fish species were recorded and six of them were dominant. Degradation of fish resources is noticed indicated by loss of 4 fish species, decreasing catch of 5 fish species, two introduced fish species and decreasing individual size of economical fish such as mahseer.
The quality of the shrimp head meal fermented using Bacillus sp. PAS7 isolates at different dosages of inoculum as fish feedstuff
Authors: Mulyasari  , Samsudin R , Makatutu D 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Shrimp head is a feedstuff that potential to be developed as an alternative source of protein to substitute fish meal. It is because the shrimp head contains a high protein and its availability in Indonesia is quite abundant. However, this protein can not be utilized by fish because it contains high crude fiber (chitin) and ash which is difficult to digest. This study aimed to improve the quality of shrimp head meal by fermentation using Bacillus sp PAS7 at different inoculum doses and evaluate its nutrient content. The study was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) of four treatments and three replications. The treatment was carried out by varying concentrations of 0, 3, 5 and 7% per gram (weight) of shrimp head meal (v / w). Fermentation was done for three days at 28°C. The parameters measured were reducing sugar, soluble protein and proximate analysis (crude protein, crude fiber, ash and crude fat). The results showed that all dosage treatments had crude protein, soluble protein and crude fiber, which were better than control. Where dose of 7% had the highest soluble protein content (6.25 mg mL−1) and the lowest crude fiber content (15.02%) compared to other treatments.
Survival rate and growth rate of milkfish (Chanos chanos, Forsskal 1775 ) seeds in the acclimatization process at Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir
Authors: Astuti L P , Warsa A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Milkfish is one of the important economical fish species that usually lives and cultivated in estuarine areas. However, milkfish can adapt to habitat with salinity ranging from 0 - 40 ppt. Therefore, milkfish is a potential choice of introduced fish in freshwaters. This study aims to determine the survival rate and growth rate of milkfish seed in the waters of Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir. H. Djuanda. The study was conducted experimentally in November – December 2017, every week for five weeks in floating net cages with a size of 7 x 3 m and depth 0.75 m at Ir. H. Djuanda Reservoir with three treatments of densities that are 4,000; 6,000 and 10,000 seeds. The size of milkfish seeds used was 3-5 cm because it was able to adapt in freshwaters. The milkfish was cultivated by the extensive system without a commercial feed so they only use natural food. The results showed that the number of dead milkfish increased with increasing density and the highest mortality occurred on the day 7th in 10,000 density treatment. The milkfish seed mortality began to decrease on the day 9th of the trial and the deaths did not occur again on the day 19th-21st. The highest survival rate was 79.21% for 6,000 densities. The highest length growth rate was 0.93 mm/day for 6,000 densities. The smallest estimated investment was 10,000 densities, but it has the largest losses due to seed death. Because the condition was dense, there was competition for food, oxygen, and space. Therefore, seed acclimation is carried out in stages.
Management strategy for sustainable eel farming
Authors: Hadie L E , Kusnendar E 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe types of eel being farmed by the community are Anguilla bicolor and A. marmorata. A. bicolor eel farming has been developed in several areas in Java, such as Sukabumi, Cilacap, Kebumen and Banyuwangi Districts. The important issues of developing eel farming are high feed costs and water quality which is less favourable to the growth of eel. Therefore, it is necessary to have an economical but effective technology benefitting the eel farmers. The study was conducted through surveys in Cilacap from April - December 2018 and by using primary and secondary data. The respondents were selected using purposive sampling method. The method used was the combination of descriptive research and direct survey. The collected data were analyzed by applying an exponential comparison method. The results of the study showed that the eel feed combined with probiotics produced positive results favouring eel production. The subsidy program to provide probiotics and economical but effective eel feed should be proposed by the local Fisheries Agency in order to reduce the costs of eel production.
List of aquatic plants at several priority lakes for conservation in Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan R , Paramita I G A A P 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAccording to the national conference of Indonesian Lakes II in Bali in 2009 concerning sustainable lake management, 15 lakes regarded as Indonesia’s priority lakes for conservation in 2010-2014. The ability to control invasive aquatic plants in the ecosystem is the important factor to support ecosystem sustainability. Ecologically, the aquatic plants provide shelters and spawning sites for the fish, purification system, water current stabilizing system, erosion, and turbidity controller. This research aimed to study the diversity of aquatic plants in some of the Indonesian priority lakes, that are Lake Sentarum (West Kalimantan), Rawa Pening (Central Java), Tondano (North Sulawesi), Tempe (South Sulawesi), and Sentani (Papua). The observations were conducted from 2012-2014. As a result, there were 34 identified species categorized within 18 families. The recorded families were Pontederiaceae, Polygonaceae, Convolvulaceae, Onagraceae, Araceae, Lentibulariaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, Ceratophyllaceae, Plantaginaceae, Alismataceae, Salviniaceae, Hydrocharitaceae, Leguminosae, Menyanthaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Pandanaceae, and Equisetaceae. Based on its life form, founded 7 species of submerged plants, 18 species of emergent plants, 3 species of free-floating plants, and 6 species of rooted with floating leaves plants. Among the listed species, 27 species were recognized as natives, while 7 species were identified as introduced species (South America, America, Asia, and India).