bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical controls in the simulation of hydraulic networks in buildings using Epanet 2.0 software
Authors: Cely-Calixto N J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Water supply and distribution are an important design criterion in building construction. For this it is necessary to make an analysis of hydraulic networks, which is generally done through conventional methods based on iterative processes in spreadsheets. However, the Epanet 2.0 software can serve as an analysis method through simulation that is not currently considered for these applications, while such software is not a conventional method, it holds the possibility of being a model which through physical controls can serve as a simulator for hydraulic networks with the hypothesis that it can optimize costs and solution times. Therefore, the research has as purpose the application of physical controls for the analysis of the hydraulic networks in buildings by means of the software. For this reason, a design of the hydraulic network calculated by the modified Hunter model was executed and compared with the simulation in the software. The results obtained from the study demonstrated effectiveness of the software with a minimum percentage of error (0.24% to 1.06%) from one method to another, achieving to optimize calculation times and the economy of designs.
Optimization of a storm drainage network using the storm water management model software in different scenarios
Authors: Cely-Calixto N J , Carrillo-Soto G A , Bonilla-Granados C A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The research developed was based on the design and optimization of a storm drainage network, with the objective of finding solutions to possible flooding events. For this purpose, three study areas of different topographic conditions were defined in the city of San Jose de Cucuta, Colombia, with an extension of 16.82 ha (high slope zone), 12.85 ha (medium slope zone) and 12. 10 ha (low slope zone); subsequently, a storm drainage network was designed for each of the study areas based on the current specifications of Colombian standards; the storm drainage network was modeled using the storm water management model software of the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States of America, a cost-benefit comparison was developed for the two alternatives. At the conclusion of the investigation, it was found that by elaborating the cost structure for the different conditions from both the initial and optimized designs, a savings of 17.8% was obtained in the high slope, 22.4% in the medium slope and 24.6% in the low slope, mainly in activities such as excavation and pipe diameters.
Quantification of uncertainty in steel plates subject to fatigue with variable load via chaos expansion polynomial
Authors: García N Afanador , Noriega Sanchez C J , Guerrero G G 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This investigation analyzed the propagation of the uncertainty of the cycle number to fatigue failure, taking into account the strain life method, considering as random variables some physical parameters of the material and load vector in a hole-in-center; plate composed of an aluminum alloy 2024-T351 under fatigue, with variable amplitude loading through multidimensional Hermite polynomials. The application of series of multidimensional Hermite polynomials allowed the prediction of the randomness of the output vector. This research demonstrated that a 2nd degree multidimensional Hermite polynomial adequately estimates the propagation of uncertainty with 45 points per random variable, while the use of Monte Carlo simulation requires 1E + 06 points per random variable. This generates significant computational savings and time. The results showed that variations in the material parameters are not important compared to the variations in the load parameters, which generate an increase in the probability of failure in aluminum alloy parts subjected to fatigue.
Fuzzy logic methodology to study the behavior of energy transformation processes based on statistics T2and Q
Authors: Cárdenas Y , Carrillo G E , Alviz A , Carrillo G 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the processes of energy transformation, to carry out an adequate follow-up of the process parameters represent an opportunity to propose strategies to improve the processes’ performance. For this reason, it is essential to analyze the behavior of process variables under the quantitative and qualitative optics supported by the experts. Thus, this work proposes a methodology of fuzzy Mandani type logic that allows the analysis of energy transformation processes (such as internal combustion engines) based on T2and Q statistics, as a way to identify whether the operation limits are kept within the normal or exceed the limits, achieving to identify the anomaly in the process. In the initial stage, MATLAB implements two diffuse systems; the first system aims to determine the impact variables have on the generation of an anomaly, without identifying the type of defect. In the second stage, it’s defined as a function of the number guests, the kind of monster that occurs in the observations made from the transition range in the operation of the system analyzed, until the last measurement obtained. In the third stage, the statistics T2, Q, and its limits are determined from the operating variables of the selected system. Finally, the previously calculated statistics are graphically processed in the diffuse systems. The results obtained in this work show that the analysis of processes or phenomena based on qualitative observations, the methodology implemented, is a useful tool for decision making in the industrial sector.
Online laboratories supported with virtual reality for higher education
Authors: Rojas-Contreras M , Ruiz-Bautista L E 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Online laboratories have become an alternative solution for the development of the practical component of subjects of higher education academic programs in settings in which physical access is difficult in person. In particular, emerging technologies such as virtual reality enhances the implementation and integration of software applications that allow the user to observe a three-dimensional scenario causing the feeling of being immersed in it. On the other hand, in a complementary way, the universal diffusion and use of mobile communication devices allow to have scenarios in which students through Smartphone cameras access virtual reality software applications giving the feeling of being immersed in a real context. Regarding the central scope, this work describes a method for the design and implementation of software applications that allow the virtualization of laboratory practices in subjects of higher education academic programs. Additionally, as a test, a virtual reality application was implemented that simulates a laboratory practice of the advanced topics in software engineering course of the systems engineering program of the Universidad de Pamplona, Colombia. Finally, measures of perception of emotional variables such as stress, concentration, commitment, attention and focus were taken through an instrument to a sample of the students of the course regarding the interaction they registered when interacting with the technological product. In conclusion, it can be said that through virtual reality, technological solutions can be implemented for laboratory virtualization in emergency scenarios such as the development of the teaching-learning process through technological mediations.
Distribution of seed dormancy classes across a fire-prone continent: effects of rainfall seasonality and temperature
Authors: Collette Justin C , Ooi Mark K J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Different seed dormancy classes control the timing of germination via different cues. The ecological dissimilarities between classes therefore suggest that they are likely to be subject to different selective pressures, and that species within each class will have diverse functional responses. We aimed to investigate this by assessing how variation in the distribution of dormancy classes is correlated with regional environmental factors, in particular rainfall seasonality and temperature. Additionally, we compare the relative proportions of species with physiological (PD) or physical (PY) dormancy to assess whether dormancy class influences their ability to persist under different rainfall seasonality regimes.

Methods
Dormancy class was assigned for 3990 species from 281 genera occurring across two climate regions, with either winter or aseasonal rainfall, across temperate fire-prone Australia. All regions have similar vegetation and fire regimes. Using a Bayesian framework, we compared the distribution of dormancy classes across temperature and rainfall climate gradients, for threatened and common species.

Key Results
A high dormant:non-dormant species ratio highlighted the critical role of dormancy across our study regions. Critically, species showing PD were more likely to be threatened in aseasonal rainfall climate regions.

Conclusions
Our results support the assumption that dormancy is favoured in environments with stochastic disturbance
An Expert Consensus Study for Informed Consent in Primary Breast Augmentation Surgery
Authors: Hagopian Chelsea O , Hagopian Thomas M , Wolfswinkel Erik M , Ades Teresa B , Stevens W Grant 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhat constitutes adequate information for decision-making and informed consent is a practical question appropriately answered with deference to expertise.ObjectivesThe aims of this study were: (1) to establish consensus on a procedure-specific core information set of essential informed consent information by relevant medical experts for primary breast augmentation surgery; and (2) to define from the clinical perspective the data source and imminence elements of evidence-based risk communication.MethodsThe study followed a modified Delphi expert consensus model. Active members of The Aesthetic Society were identified as the relevant clinician experts and were recruited by email. Survey round 1 was informed by a scoping review of the relevant scientific and gray literature. Round 2 was informed by the initial survey round. Consensus was defined a priori as a 75% majority rating.ResultsExpert consensus of essential information was achieved for 16 risk items, 1 risk factor, and 8 expectations—including benefits and burdens—along with clarification of clinically appropriate options to present to all patients considering primary implant-based breast augmentation surgery. A basic, procedure-specific, structure for evidence-based risk data is also described.ConclusionsThis paper reports results for the first phase of a larger pilot study aiming to develop a patient decision aid to replace traditional informed consent documents for the specified procedure. Implications for practice are encouraging in terms of reducing unwanted variation in disclosure practices and information overload.
Flipping the script: viral capitalization of RNA modifications
Authors: Sacco Matthew T , Horner Stacy M 
Published: December 2020

AbstractRNA encoded by RNA viruses is highly regulated so that it can function in multiple roles during the viral life cycle. These roles include serving as the mRNA template for translation or the genetic material for replication as well as being packaged into progeny virions. RNA modifications provide an emerging regulatory dimension to the RNA of viruses. Modification of the viral RNA can increase the functional genomic capacity of the RNA viruses without the need to encode and translate additional genes. Further, RNA modifications can facilitate interactions with host or viral RNA-binding proteins that promote replication or can prevent interactions with antiviral RNA-binding proteins. The mechanisms by which RNA viruses facilitate modification of their RNA are diverse. In this review, we discuss some of these mechanisms, including exploring the unknown mechanism by which the RNA of viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm could acquire the RNA modification N6-methyladenosine.
Improved protein model quality assessment by integrating sequential and pairwise features using deep learning
Authors: Jing Xiaoyang , Xu Jinbo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Accurately estimating protein model quality in the absence of experimental structure is not only important for model evaluation and selection but also useful for model refinement. Progress has been steadily made by introducing new features and algorithms (especially deep neural networks), but the accuracy of quality assessment (QA) is still not very satisfactory, especially local QA on hard protein targets.

Results
We propose a new single-model-based QA method ResNetQA for both local and global quality assessment. Our method predicts model quality by integrating sequential and pairwise features using a deep neural network composed of both 1D and 2D convolutional residual neural networks (ResNet). The 2D ResNet module extracts useful information from pairwise features such as model-derived distance maps, co-evolution information, and predicted distance potential from sequences. The 1D ResNet is used to predict local (global) model quality from sequential features and pooled pairwise information generated by 2D ResNet. Tested on the CASP12 and CASP13 datasets, our experimental results show that our method greatly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods. Our ablation studies indicate that the 2D ResNet module and pairwise features play an important role in improving model quality assessment.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/AndersJing/ResNetQA.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Comparative phylogeography and palaeomodelling reveal idiosyncratic responses to climate changes in Neotropical paper wasps
Authors: Carvalho Antônio F , Menezes Rodolpho S T , Miranda Elder A , Costa Marco A , Del Lama Marco A 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe impact of the broad disjunction between Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest on biodiversity has been the theme of several discussions in recent decades. Here, we evaluate the effects of dependence on humid environments and the role of historical factors on the level, distribution and structuring of genetic variation in widely distributed Neotropical insects. For such, we test whether climatically stable zones (i.e. refuges) in both Amazonia and the Atlantic Forest concentrate higher genetic diversity in the social paper wasps Angiopolybia pallens and Synoeca surinama. We found that historical events have avoided the interchange of A. pallens between both rainforests at least since the Early Pliocene and that ancient colonization in north-western Amazonia and the Bahia refuge significantly predicts genetic diversity in populations of this species. Conversely, the split between the Atlantic Forest and remaining western populations of S. surinama is more recent (Plio-Pleistocene); this species has considerably lower genetic diversity than A. pallens and such diversity is mostly concentrated in Amazonia and in the cerrado biome (savanna) than in the Atlantic Forest. Finally, we propose that the occurrence of species that exhibit such distribution patterns should be taken into consideration when establishing areas for conservation.
Divergence promoted by the northern Andes in the giant fishing spider Ancylometes bogotensis (Araneae: Ctenidae)
Authors: Salgado-Roa Fabian C , Gamez Andres , Sanchez-Herrera Melissa , Pardo-Díaz Carolina , Salazar Camilo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The biodiversity of the tropical Americas is a consequence of the interplay between geological and climatic events, with the Andean uplift being a major driver of speciation. Multiple studies have shown that species diversification promoted by the Andes can occur in the presence or absence of gene flow. However, to date, the majority of research addressing this aspect has been conducted in vertebrates, whereas other highly diverse tropical organisms such as arthropods remain uninvestigated. We used a combination of phylogenetics, population genetic analyses and species distribution models to explore whether the northern Andes played a role in the diversification of Ancylometes bogotensis. We detected two major lineages that are separated by the Eastern Cordillera of the Colombian Andes, and they share the same climatic niche. These groups diverged at ~3.85 Mya and exhibit no signatures of gene flow, which can be a consequence of the Andean highlands being poorly suited habitats for this species, thus preventing their genetic connectivity. Our study reveals that the genetic structure of an arachnid species that has limited dispersal capacity and is highly dependent on water bodies is shaped by the Andean orogeny. The generality of this observation remains to be assessed in other invertebrates.
Comparison of the Hatch of Newly Laid Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) Eggs From the United States After Exposure to Different Temperatures and Durations of Low Temperature
Authors: Keena Melody A , Nielsen Anne L 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Comparisons were made of the effects of temperature and duration of low temperature on hatch of newly laid egg masses of the invasive spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White). Egg masses were collected in mid-October 2019 and estimated to be less than 14 d old. There was a significant positive nonlinear relationship between temperature and developmental rate (1/d) for eggs held at constant temperatures. The lower threshold for egg development was estimated as 7.39°C. Eggs held at constant 10, 15, and 20°C were estimated to require 635, 715, and 849 DD7.39, respectively, to develop. Egg hatch was variable, egg hatch rates were highest (58.4%) when held at a constant 15°C, though high rates (52.7%) were also obtained when eggs were held for 84 d at 10°C, then moved to 25°C. Almost all eggs enter diapause since very few eggs were able hatch when moved to 25°C after 7 d of chill at either 5 or 10°C. Chilling at 5 or 10°C increased percentage egg hatch as the duration in chill increased up to ~100 d and eggs held at 10°C were able to complete some or all the post-diapause development before being moved to 25°C. All egg masses were held at constant 16:8 (L:D) photoperiod and 65%RH. Our data suggest that temperature is the driving factor for diapause termination in spotted lanternfly, but other abiotic factors should be investigated. These identified developmental temperature threshold and degree day requirements for egg hatch will improve predictive distribution and phenological models.
Heart transplantation for end-stage heart failure combined with Q fever isolated to the heart: a case report
Authors: van ‘t Veer Marcel , Otterspoor Luuk , de Regt Marieke , Peels Kathinka , evens Jola , Vink Aryan , de Jonge Nicolaas 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background
Active infection is generally considered a contraindication for heart transplantation. The rare combination of a patient with an active Coxiella burnetii infection and a congenital corrected transposition of the great arteries requiring heart transplantation impose challenging treatment decisions. We would like to demonstrate that if Q fever is restricted to the heart only, heart transplantation is also beneficial from an infectious point of view, therefore treating two severe conditions simultaneously.

Case summary
A patient with end-stage heart failure due to congenital corrected transposition of the great arteries and requiring heart transplantation developed chronic Q fever and endocarditis. Different antibiotic regimes were tried due to severe adverse reactions. Antibiotic treatment was precisely monitored by measuring Q fever polymerase chain reaction (PCRs) and phase I IgG antibody titres. A positron emission tomography scan revealed that Q fever was confined to the heart only after which it was decided to perform heart transplantation. Based on the results of PCR and antibody testing, antibiotic treatment was stopped after 1 year. After 5 years of follow-up, patient is still in an optimal condition.

Discussion
In case of a patient with end-stage heart failure and chronic Q fever, a combined treatment with PCR-/antibody monitored antibiotics and heart transplantation can cure both conditions.
The role of cardiologists on the stroke unit
Authors: Doehner Wolfram , Leistner David Manuel , Audebert Heinrich J , Scheitz Jan F 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Cardiologists need a better understanding of stroke and of cardiac implications in modern stroke management. Stroke is a leading disease in terms of mortality and disability in our society. Up to half of ischaemic strokes are directly related to cardiac and large artery diseases and cardiovascular risk factors are involved in most other strokes. Moreover, in an acute stroke direct central brain signals and a consecutive autonomic/vegetative imbalance may account for severe and life-threatening cardiovascular complications. The strong cerebro-cardiac link in acute stroke has recently been addressed as the stroke-heart syndrome that requires careful cardiovascular monitoring and immediate therapeutic measures. The regular involvement of cardiologic expertise in daily work on a stroke unit is therefore of high importance and a cornerstone of up-to-date comprehensive stroke care concepts. The main targets of the cardiologists’ contribution to acute stroke care can be categorized in three main areas (i) diagnostics workup of stroke aetiology, (ii) treatment and prevention of complications, and (iii) secondary prevention and sub-acute workup of cardiovascular comorbidity. All three aspects are by themselves highly relevant to support optimal acute management and to improve the short-term and long-term outcomes of patients. In this article, an overview is provided on these main targets of cardiologists’ contribution to acute stroke management.
Endovascular thrombectomy 2020: open issues
Authors: Lanzer Peter , Widimsky Petr , Gorog Diana A , Mazighi Mikael , Liebeskind David , Cognard Christophe 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Mechanical thrombectomy is now well - established first - line treatment for selected patients with large artery occlusions of the anterior circulation. However, number of technical and procedural issues remains open to assure optimal outcomes in majority of patients including those suffering from posterior circulation perfusion defects. This brief review addresses some of the open issues and refers to the ongoing trials to close the existing knowledge gaps.