bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PLOC – Regulações motivacionais para aulas de Educação Física
Authors: Guedes Dartagnan Pinto , Bernardes Andrea Gomes , Yamaji Bruna Hatsue Santos 
Published: July 2020

Os objetivos do estudo foram traduzir para o idioma português, realizar adaptação transcultural e identificar propriedades psicométricas da Perceived Locus of Causality (PLOC) Scale para uso em escolares brasileiros. Versão original foi traduzida de acordo com recomendações internacionais. Comitê de juízes foi formado para analisar versões traduzidas do questionário e utilizou como critério de análise as equivalências semântica, idiomática, cultural e conceitual. Versão final da escala traduzida foi administrada em uma amostra de 3912 escolares (2034 moças e 1878 rapazes) com idades entre 12 e 18 anos. Para identificar as propriedades psicométricas iniciais foi realizada análise fatorial exploratória e, na sequência, análise fatorial confirmatória. Para análise da consistência interna de cada fator associado ao PLOC, foi empregado coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Após discretas modificações apontadas no processo de tradução, o comitê de juízes considerou que a versão para o idioma português do PLOC apresentou equivalências semântica, idiomática, cultural e conceitual. Análise fatorial confirmou estrutura de cinco fatores originalmente proposta, mediante indicadores estatísticos equivalentes a χ2/gl = 1,88, CFI = 0,934, GFI = 0,967, AGFI = 0,951 e RMSR = 0,059 (IC95% 0,051-0,069). Alfa de Cronbach apontou consistência interna dos fatores associados às regulações motivacionais para as aulas de educação física entre 0,71 e 0,83. Concluindo, tradução, adaptação transcultural e qualidades psicométricas do PLOC foram satisfatórias, o que viabiliza sua aplicação em futuros estudos no Brasil.
Dispositivos curriculares estaduais para a Educação Física (1996-2016)
Authors: Freitas Matheus Marin de , Ferreira Neto Amarílio , Matos Juliana Martins Cassani , Santos Wagner dos 
Published: July 2020

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar as características com as quais os currículos estaduais propostos para a Educação Física foram elaborados e implementados. Com abordagem quali-quantitativa, compreende 68 documentos curriculares vinculados às Secretarias Estaduais de Educação, publicados entre 1996 e 2016. A pesquisa dá visibilidade: à procedência territorial e distribuição anual desses materiais, às etapas da educação básica contempladas nesses documentos, às suas temáticas mais recorrentes, suas terminologias, além de aspectos autorais e dos processos de implementação. As análises indicam: a) aumento desses materiais, sobretudo a partir de 2006; b) produção estimulada por marcos legais e documentos ligados ao Ministério da Educação; c) indícios de que a construção desses materiais está relacionada com demarcações políticas; d) autorias marcadas por redes de relações coletivas, destacandose o diálogo entre equipes de Secretarias, professores da Rede e/ou professores de ensino superior; e) existência de formações continuadas como estratégia de divulgação dos currículos. Ao fornecermos um quantitativo elevado de fontes dentro de uma periodização considerável (21 anos), levantamos questões sobre as produções curriculares, base para futuras análises. A amplitude de dados também evidencia a potencialidade de pesquisas que assumam os documentos curriculares como objetos de estudos.
Validade e Fidedignidade da Escala com Figuras de Competência Percebida e Aceitação Social para crianças brasileiras
Authors: Valentini Nadia Cristina , Bandeira Paulo Felipe Ribeiro , Rudisill Mary Elizabeth 
Published: July 2020

A Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance (PSPCSA) é uma escala utilizada para identificar as auto-percepções de competência (cognitiva e física) e aceitação social (pares e maternas) de crianças na educação infantil e primeiros anos do ensino fundamental I. O objetivo deste estudo foi traduzir e investigar a validade de conteúdo, critério, constructo e a fidedignidade da PSPCSA para crianças brasileiras. A tradução transcultural foi utilizada, e o processo de validação foi conduzido envolvendo 33 profissionais e 667 crianças (4 a 7 anos); 159 dessas crianças responderam a PSPCSA em dois momentos. Com base nos resultados pode-se inferir que houve clareza de linguagem e pertinência das questões, elevada consistência interna (valores > 96) e fidedignidade teste-reteste (valores de r > 0,60). A PSPCSA apresentou ajustada adesão das questões com as correspondentes dimensões e sub-escalas e índices satisfatórios de validade fatorial confirmatória (Non-normed Fit Index, Comparative Fit Index e Tucker and Lewis´s Index of Fit com valores >0,81). As versões brasileiras da PSPCSA apresentam indicadores de validade para o uso com crianças brasileiras.
Ion Channel and Structural Remodeling in Obesity-Mediated Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: McCauley Mark D. , Hong Liang , Sridhar Arvind , Menon Ambili , Perike Srikanth , Zhang Meihong , da Silva Ivson Bezerra , Yan JiaJie , Bonini Marcelo G. , Ai Xun , Rehman Jalees , Darbar Dawood 
Published: July 2020

Background:

Epidemiological studies have established obesity as an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF), but the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Reduced cardiac sodium channel expression is a known causal mechanism in AF. We hypothesized that obesity decreases Nav1.5 expression via enhanced oxidative stress, thus reducing
I

Na

, and enhancing susceptibility to AF.

Methods:

To elucidate the underlying electrophysiological mechanisms a diet-induced obese mouse model was used. Weight, blood pressure, glucose, F
2
-isoprostanes, NOX2 (NADPH oxidase 2), and PKC (protein kinase C) were measured in obese mice and compared with lean controls. Invasive electrophysiological, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and patch clamping of membrane potentials was performed to evaluate the molecular and electrophysiological phenotype of atrial myocytes.

Results:

Pacing-induced AF in 100% of diet-induced obese mice versus 25% in controls (
P
<0.01) with increased AF burden. Cardiac sodium channel expression,
I

Na

and atrial action potential duration were reduced and potassium channel expression (Kv1.5) and current (
I

Kur

) and F
2
-isoprostanes, NOX2, and PKC-α/δ expression and atrial fibrosis were significantly increased in diet-induced obese mice as compared with controls. A mitochondrial antioxidant reduced AF burden, restored
I

Na

,
I

Ca,L

,
I

Kur

, action potential duration, and reversed atrial fibrosis in diet-induced obese mice as compared with controls.

Conclusions:
Inducible AF in obese mice is mediated, in part, by a combined effect of sodium, potassium, and calcium channel remodeling and atrial fibrosis. Mitochondrial antioxidant therapy abrogated the ion channel and structural remodeling and reversed the obesity-induced AF burden. Our findings have important implications for the management of obesity-mediated AF in patients.

Graphic Abstract:

A
graphic abstract
is available for this article.
Neurosarcoidosis Directly Involving the Cervical Vagus Nerve
Authors: Crossley Jason R. , Aminpour Nathan , Giurintano Jonathan P. , Jay Ann K. , Harris Brent T. , Hoa Michael 
Published: July 2020

Objectives: To present a novel location in which neurosarcoidomatous inflammation is identified and its accompanying presentation. Methods: The authors present a case of bilateral vocal fold paresis associated with non-caseating granulomatous inflammation of the cervical and intra-axial portions of the vagus nerve masquerading as a cranial nerve tumor. Results: Examination revealed bilateral vocal fold paresis and asymmetric palate elevation. MRI demonstrated enhancing bilateral jugular foramen masses, and neck ultrasound demonstrated bilateral thickened appearance of the vagus nerves. Vagus nerve biopsy demonstrated non-caseating granulomas. Conclusions: Neurosarcoidosis may contribute to variable cranial neuropathies. Vocal fold paresis is usually thought to arise from mediastinal compression of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve. Rarely, though, lesions may arise in other parts of the vagus nerve. Failure of response to steroids does not rule out the diagnosis, making tissue diagnosis important in some cases.
Compression stocking prevents increased venous retrograde flow time in the lower limbs of pregnant women
Authors: Junior Orlando Adas Saliba , Rollo Hamilton Almeida , Saliba Orlando , Sobreira Marcone Lima 
Published: July 2020

Objectives To analyze the effect of graduated compression stockings on the venous reflux in the lower limbs of pregnant women. Method A controlled randomized clinical trial was performed with sixty women: intervention group (n = 30), who used compression stockings, and control group (n = 30). Using duplex-ultrasound, the reflux time and peak reflux velocity in the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein were analyzed. Results Great saphenous vein reflux times in the intervention group were 0.13 s at the beginning (initial) and 0.04 s at the end of pregnancy (final) in the right leg and 0.02 s and 0.34 s (p < 0.0001) in the control group. No patient in the intervention group experienced pathological reflux at the end of the pregnancy. There was a significant difference in the reflux time measured from both the great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein and peak reflux velocity between the groups. Conclusion Compression stockings prevent increased venous reflux in lower limbs of pregnant women.
Comparison of the cytoplastic genomes by resequencing: insights into the genetic diversity and the phylogeny of the agriculturally important genus Brassica
Authors: Qiao Jiangwei , Zhang Xiaojun , Chen Biyun , Huang Fei , Xu Kun , Huang Qian , Huang Yi , Hu Qiong , Wu Xiaoming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe genusBrassicamainly comprises three diploid and three recently derived allotetraploid species, most of which are highly important vegetable, oil or ornamental crops cultivated worldwide. Despite being extensively studied, the origination ofB. napusand certain detailed interspecific relationships withinBrassicagenus remains undetermined and somewhere confused. In the current high-throughput sequencing era, a systemic comparative genomic study based on a large population is necessary and would be crucial to resolve these questions.ResultsThe chloroplast DNA and mitochondrial DNA were synchronously resequenced in a selected set ofBrassicamaterials, which contain 72 accessions and maximally integrated the knownBrassicaspecies. TheBrassicagenomewide cpDNA and mtDNA variations have been identified. Detailed phylogenetic relationships inside and aroundBrassicagenus have been delineated by the cpDNA- and mtDNA- variation derived phylogenies. Different fromB. junceaandB. carinata, the naturalB. napuscontains three major cytoplasmic haplotypes: thecam-type which directly inherited fromB. rapa,polima-type which is close tocam-type as a sister, and the mysterious but predominantnap-type. Certain sparse C-genome wild species might have primarily contributed thenap-type cytoplasm and the corresponding C subgenome toB. napus, implied by their con-clustering in both phylogenies. The strictly concurrent inheritance of mtDNA and cpDNA were dramatically disturbed in theB. napuscytoplasmic male sterile lines (e.g.,moriandnsa). The generaRaphanus, Sinapis,Eruca,Moricandiashow a strong parallel evolutional relationships withBrassica.ConclusionsThe overall variation data and elaborated phylogenetic relationships provide further insights into genetic understanding ofBrassica, which can substantially facilitate the development of novelBrassicagermplasms.
Opportunistic detection of Fusobacterium nucleatum as a marker for the early gut microbial dysbiosis
Authors: Huh Ji-Won , Roh Tae-Young 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The essential roles of gut microbiome have been emphasized in modulating human health and disease. Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), an obligate Gram-negative microorganism residing in oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract and elsewhere, has been recently considered as a potential oncobacterium associated with human cancers. However, the consequence of its enrichment was not extensively explored in terms of microbial homeostasis and stability at the early stage of disease development.

Result
Our analysis on longitudinal metagenomic data generated by the Integrative Human Microbiome Project (iHMP) showed that F. nucleatum was frequently found in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) subjects with reduced microbial diversity. Using non-parametric logarithmic linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) algorithm, 12 IBD- and 14 non-IBD-specific bacterial species were identified in the fecal metagenome and the IBD-specific ones were over-represented in the F. nucleatum-experienced subjects during long-term surveillance. In addition, F. nucleatum experience severely abrogated intra-personal stability of microbiome in IBD patients and induced highly variable gut microbiome between subjects. From the longitudinal comparison between microbial distributions prior and posterior to F. nucleatum detection, 41 species could be proposed as indicative “classifiers” for dysbiotic gut state. By multiple logistic regression models established on these classifiers, the high probability of experiencing F. nucleatum was significantly correlated with decreased alpha-diversity and increased number of biomarker species for IBD and colorectal cancer (CRC). Finally, microbial clustering confirmed that biomarker species for IBD and non-IBD conditions as well as CRC signature markers were well distinguishable and could be utilized for explaining gut symbiosis and dysbiosis.

Conclusion
F. nucleatum opportunistically appeared under early dysbiotic condition in gut, and discriminative classifier species associated with F. nucleatum were successfully applied to predict microbial alterations in both IBD and non-IBD conditions. Our prediction model and microbial classifier biomarkers for estimating gut dysbiosis should provide a novel aspect of microbial homeostasis/dynamics and useful information on non-invasive biomarker screening.
Efficacy of more intensive lipid-lowering therapy on cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hsu Hsin-Yin , Lin Chien-Ju , Lee Yu-Shan , Wu Ting-Hui , Chien Kuo-Liong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality with incidence rates of 5–10 per 1000 person-years, according to primary prevention studies. To control hyperlipidemia—a major risk factor of cardiovascular disease—initiation of lipid-lowering therapy with therapeutic lifestyle modification or lipid-lowering agent is recommended. Few systematic reviews and meta-analyses are available on lipid-lowering therapy for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, the operational definitions of intensive lipid-lowering therapies are heterogeneous. The aim of our study was to investigate whether intensive lipid-lowering therapies reduce greater cardiovascular disease risks in primary prevention settings.

Methods
MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to March 2019 for randomized controlled trials. We used random effects model for overall pooled risk ratio (RR) estimation with cardiovascular events of interest and all-cause mortality rate for the intensive lipid-lowering group using the standard lipid-lowering group as the reference. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used for quality assessment.

Results
A total of 18 randomized controlled trials were included. The risk reductions in cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality associated with more intensive vs. standard lipid-lowering therapy across all trials were 24 and 10%, respectively (RR 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.68–0.85; RR 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.83–0.97); however, the risk reduction varied by baseline LDL-C level in the trial. A greater risk reduction was noted with higher LDL-C level. Intensive lipid-lowering for coronary heart disease protection was more pronounced in the non-diabetic populations than in the diabetic populations.

Conclusions
More intensive LDL-C lowering was associated with a greater reduction in risk of total and cardiovascular mortality in trials of patients with higher baseline LDL-C levels than less intensive LDL-C lowering. Intensive lipid-lowering was associated with a significant risk reduction of coronary heart disease and must be considered even in the non-diabetic populations.
A pay for performance scheme in primary care: Meta-synthesis of qualitative studies on the provider experiences of the quality and outcomes framework in the UK
Authors: Khan Nagina , Rudoler David , McDiarmid Mary , Peckham Stephen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) is an incentive scheme for general practice, which was introduced across the UK in 2004. The Quality and Outcomes Framework is one of the biggest pay for performance (P4P) scheme in the world, worth £691 million in 2016/17. We now know that P4P is good at driving some kinds of improvement but not others. In some areas, it also generated moral controversy, which in turn created conflicts of interest for providers. We aimed to undertake a meta-synthesis of 18 qualitative studies of the QOF to identify themes on the impact of the QOF on individual practitioners and other staff.MethodsWe searched 5 electronic databases, Medline, Embase, Healthstar, CINAHL and Web of Science, for qualitative studies of the QOF from the providers’ perspective in primary care, published in UK between 2004 and 2018. Data was analysed using the Schwartz Value Theory as a theoretical framework to analyse the published papers through the conceptual lens of Professionalism. A line of argument synthesis was undertaken to express the synthesis.ResultsWe included 18 qualitative studies that where on the providers’ perspective. Four themes were identified; 1) Loss of autonomy, control and ownership; 2) Incentivised conformity; 3) Continuity of care, holism and the caring role of practitioners’ in primary care; and 4) Structural and organisational changes.Our synthesis found, the Values that were enhanced by the QOF were power, achievement, conformity, security, and tradition. The findings indicated that P4P schemes should aim to support Values such as benevolence, self-direction, stimulation, hedonism and universalism, which professionals ranked highly and have shown to have positive implications for Professionalism and efficiency of health systems.ConclusionsUnderstanding how practitioners experience the complexities of P4P is crucial to designing and delivering schemes to enhance and not compromise the values of professionals. Future P4P schemes should aim to permit professionals with competing high priority values to be part of P4P or other quality improvement initiatives and for them to take on an ‘influencer role’ rather than being ‘responsive agents’. Through understanding the underlying Values and not just explicit concerns of professionals, may ensure higher levels of acceptance and enduring success for P4P schemes.
Hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in South Africa in the era of HIV
Authors: Maponga Tongai Gibson , Glashoff Richard H. , Vermeulen Hannali , Robertson Barbara , Burmeister Sean , Bernon Marc , Omoshoro-Jones Jones , Ruff Paul , Neugut Alfred I. , Jacobson Judith S. , Preiser Wolfgang , Andersson Monique I. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Patients co-infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are at risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In sub-Saharan Africa, the overlap between high HIV and HBV prevalence may increase the incidence of HCC. This study investigated the impact of HBV/HIV co-infection on age at presentation and survival of HCC.

Methods
Ethical approval was obtained to recruit, following informed written consent, patients diagnosed with HCC at oncology units at four South African hospitals. Between December 2012 and August 2015, patients newly diagnosed with HCC were recruited and provided demographic and clinical data and blood specimens. Patients were tested for HBV, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV. Survival data was available for a subset of patients.

Results
Of 107 HCC cases, 83 (78%) were male. Median age was 46 years (range 18 to 90 years), 68/106 (64%) were HBsAg-positive, and 22/100 (22%) were HIV infected. Among HBV surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive HCC cases, 18/66 (27%) were HIV-infected compared to 3/34 (9%) among those that were HBsAg-negative (p = 0.04). A greater proportion of HBV/HIV co-infected cases were female than HBV mono-infected (6/18, 33% vs 6/47, 13%; p = 0.005). In addition, HBV/HIV co-infected females presented at a younger mean age (36.8 years) than HBV mono-infected women (50.5 years) (p = 0.09). Median survival was 82 days among the HIV-infected HCC patients compared to 181 days among those without HIV (p = 0.15).

Conclusions
HCC is an important complication in the HIV/HBV infected patient. HIV-positive patients presented with HCC at a younger age than HIV-negative patients, this effect appears to be greater in women. These data provide more evidence supporting the call to address. HCC as a cause of morbidity and mortality in the HBV/HIV co-infected patient population. (281 words).
The age-specific incidence of hospitalized paediatric malaria in Uganda
Authors: Mpimbaza Arthur , Walemwa Richard , Kapisi James , Sserwanga Asadu , Namuganga Jane Frances , Kisambira Yasin , Tagoola Abner , Nanteza Jane Frances , Rutazaana Damain , Staedke Sarah G. , Dorsey Grant , Opigo Jimmy , Kamau Alice , Snow Robert W. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding the relationship between malaria infection risk and disease outcomes represents a fundamental component of morbidity and mortality burden estimations. Contemporary data on severe malaria risks among populations of different parasite exposures are scarce. Using surveillance data, we compared rates of paediatric malaria hospitalisation in areas of varying parasite exposure levels.MethodsSurveillance data at five public hospitals; Jinja, Mubende, Kabale, Tororo, and Apac were assembled among admissions aged 1 month to 14 years between 2017 and 2018. The address of each admission was used to define a local catchment population where national census data was used to define person-year-exposure to risk. Within each catchment, historical infection prevalence was assembled from previously published data and current infection prevalence defined using 33 population-based school surveys among 3400 children. Poisson regression was used to compute the overall and site-specific incidences with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsBoth current and historicalPlasmodium falciparumprevalence varied across the five sites. Current prevalence ranged from < 1% in Kabale to 54% in Apac. Overall, the malaria admission incidence rate (IR) was 7.3 per 1000 person years among children aged 1 month to 14 years of age (95% CI: 7.0, 7.7). The lowest rate was described at Kabale (IR = 0.3; 95 CI: 0.1, 0.6) and highest at Apac (IR = 20.3; 95 CI: 18.9, 21.8). There was a correlation between IR across the five sites and the current parasite prevalence in school children, though findings were not statistically significant. Across all sites, except Kabale, malaria admissions were concentrated among young children, 74% were under 5 years. The median age of malaria admissions at Kabale hospital was 40 months (IQR 20, 72), and at Apac hospital was 36 months (IQR 18, 69). Overall, severe anaemia (7.6%) was the most common presentation and unconsciousness (1.8%) the least common.ConclusionMalaria hospitalisation rates remain high in Uganda particularly among young children. The incidence of hospitalized malaria in different locations in Uganda appears to be influenced by past parasite exposure, immune acquisition, and current risks of infection. Interruption of transmission through vector control could influence age-specific severe malaria risk.