bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetotransport and magnetic properties of amorphous $$\mathrm{NdNi}_5$$ thin films
Authors: Cirillo Carla , Barone Carlo , Bradshaw Harry , Urban Francesca , Di Bernardo Angelo , Mauro Costantino , Robinson Jason W. A. , Pagano Sergio , Attanasio Carmine 
Published: August 2020

Abstract$$\mathrm{NdNi}_5$$NdNi5is an intermetallic compound with a bulk Curie temperature ($$T_{\mathrm{Curie}}$$TCurie) of 6–13 K. While existing studies have focused on$$\mathrm{NdNi}_5$$NdNi5crystals, amorphous thin-films of$$\mathrm{NdNi}_5$$NdNi5are potentially important since they would be magnetically soft without magnetocrystalline anisotropy, meaning that small external magnetic fields could reverse the direction of their magnetization. Here, we report$$\mathrm{NdNi}_5$$NdNi5thin-films with a thickness in the 5–200 nm range, deposited by DC magnetron sputtering onto Si(100). Films are amorphous with a weak temperature-dependent resistivity with values ranging between 150 and 300$$\upmu \Omega$$μΩcm. By means of noise spectroscopy, by analyzing the time-dependence of fluctuation-induced voltages, it is found that at low temperatures the resistance fluctuations are due to the Kondo effect. Volume magnetometry indicates$$T_{\mathrm{Curie}} = 70$$TCurie=70K with a magnetic coercive field of 30 mT at 5 K for a 125-nm-thick film. The results are promising for the development of Ferromagnet(F)/Superconductor(S)/Ferromagnet(F) pseudo spin-valve devices based on amorphous$$\mathrm{NdNi}_5$$NdNi5thin films.
The stability of conditional cooperation: beliefs alone cannot explain the decline of cooperation in social dilemmas
Authors: Andreozzi Luciano , Ploner Matteo , Saral Ali Seyhun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn often-replicated result in the experimental literature on social dilemmas is that a large share of subjects choose conditionally cooperative strategies. Cooperation generated by such choices is notoriously unstable, as individuals reduce their contributions to the public good in reaction to other subjects’ free-riding. This has led to the widely-held conclusion that cooperation observed in experiments (and its decline) is mostly driven by imperfect reciprocity. In this study, we explore the possibility that the type of reciprocally cooperative choices observed in experiments may themselves evolve over time. We do so by observing the evolution of subjects’ choices in an anonymously repeated social dilemma. Our results show that a significant fraction of reciprocally cooperative subjects become unconditional defectors in the course of the experiment, while the reverse is rarely observed.
Altered serum protein levels in frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis indicate calcium and immunity dysregulation
Authors: Katzeff Jared S. , Bright Fiona , Lo Kitty , Kril Jillian J. , Connolly Angela , Crossett Ben , Ittner Lars M. , Kassiou Michael , Loy Clement T. , Hodges John R. , Piguet Olivier , Kiernan Matthew C. , Halliday Glenda M. , Kim Woojin Scott 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFrontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are neurodegenerative diseases that are considered to be on the same disease spectrum because of overlapping genetic, pathological and clinical traits. Changes in serum proteins in FTD and ALS are poorly understood, and currently no definitive biomarkers exist for diagnosing or monitoring disease progression for either disease. Here we applied quantitative discovery proteomics to analyze protein changes in FTD (N = 72) and ALS (N = 28) patient serum compared to controls (N = 22). Twenty three proteins were significantly altered in FTD compared to controls (increased—APOL1, C3, CTSH, EIF5A, MYH2, S100A8, SUSD5, WDR1; decreased—C1S, C7, CILP2, COMP, CRTAC1, EFEMP1, FBLN1, GSN, HSPG2, IGHV1, ITIH2, PROS1, SHBG, UMOD, VASN) and 14 proteins were significantly altered in ALS compared to controls (increased—APOL1, CKM, CTSH, IGHG1, IGKC, MYH2; decreased—C7, COMP, CRTAC1, EFEMP1, FBLN1, GSN, HSPG2, SHBG). There was substantial overlap in the proteins that were altered in FTD and ALS. These results were validated using western blotting. Gene ontology tools were used to assess functional pathways potentially dysregulated in the two diseases, and calcium ion binding and innate immunity pathways were altered in both diseases. When put together, these results suggest significant overlap in pathophysiological peripheral changes in FTD and ALS. This study represents the first proteomics side-by-side comparison of serum changes in FTD and ALS, providing new insights into under-recognized perturbed pathways and an avenue for biomarker development for FTD and ALS.
Evaluation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated anticancer response against tumor interstitium-simulating physical barriers
Authors: Chen Shu-Ching , Wu Po-Cheng , Wang Chiao-Yi , Kuo Po-Ling 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) is a promising agent for cancer therapy. Most solid tumors are characterized by increased interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) and dense collagen capsule, which form physical barriers to impede cancer treatment. However, it remains unclear how CTL-mediated anticancer response is affected at the presence of these obstacles. Using a microfluidic-based platform mimicking these obstacles, we investigated the migration characteristics and performance of anticancer response of CTLs targeting hepatic cancer cells via antigen-specific and allogeneic recognition. The device consisted of slit channels mimicking the narrow interstitial paths constrained by the fibrous capsule and increased IFP was simulated by applying hydrostatic pressure to the tumor center. We found that antigen-specificity of CTLs against the targeted cancer cells determined the cytotoxic efficacy of the CTLs but did not significantly affect the success rate in CTLs that attempted to infiltrate into the tumor center. When increased IFP was present in the tumor center, CTL recruitment to tumor peripheries was promoted but success of infiltration was hindered. Our results highlight the importance of incorporating the physical characteristics of tumor interstitum into the development of CTL-based cancer immunotherapy.
Dewetting behavior of Ge layers on SiO2 under annealing
Authors: Shklyaev A. A. , Latyshev A. V. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe solid-state dewetting phenomenon in Ge layers on SiO2 is investigated as a function of layer thickness dGe (from 10 to 86 nm) and annealing temperature. The dewetting is initiated at about 580–700 °C, depending on dGe, through the appearance of surface undulation leading to the particle formation and the rupture of Ge layers by narrow channels or rounded holes in the layers with the thicknesses of 10–60 and 86 nm, respectively. The channel widths are significantly narrower than the distance between the particles that causes the formation of thinned Ge layer areas between particles at the middle dewetting stage. The thinned areas are then agglomerated into particles of smaller sizes, leading to the bimodal distributions of the Ge particles which are different in shape and size. The existence of a maximum in the particle pair correlation functions, along with the quadratic dependence of the corresponding particle spacing on dGe, may indicate the spinodal mechanism of the dewetting in the case of relatively thin Ge layers. Despite the fact that the particle shape, during the solid-state dewetting, is not thermodynamically equilibrium, the use of the Young’s equation and contact angles allows us to estimate the particle/substrate interface energy.
Nomogram for individualized prediction of incident multidrug-resistant tuberculosis after completing pulmonary tuberculosis treatment
Authors: Cheng Qinglin , Zhao Gang , Wang Xuchu , Wang Le , Lu Min , Li Qingchun , Wu Yifei , Huang Yinyan , Jia Qingjun , Xie Li 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe purposes of this study were to construct a comprehensive nomogram for providing a simple, precise and personalized prediction of incident multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) after completing pulmonary tuberculosis treatment (CPTBT). A matched case–control study (1:2 ratios) was performed between 2005 and 2018. A multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to evaluate independent predictors of incident MDR-TB after the CPTBT. A comprehensive nomogram was developed based on the multivariable Cox model. Overall, 1, 836 participants were included in this study. We developed and validated a simple-to-use nomogram that predicted the individualized risk of incident MDR-TB by using 10 parameters after the CPTBT. The concordance index of this nomogram was 0.833 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.807–0.859] and 0.871 (95% CI 0.773–0.969) for the training and validation sets, respectively, which indicated adequate discriminatory power. The calibration curves for the risk of incident MDR-TB showed an optimal agreement between nomogram prediction and actual observation in the training and validation sets, respectively. The high sensitivity and specificity of nomogram was indicated by using a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Through this clinic tool, TB control executives could more precisely monitor, estimate and intervene the risk of incident MDR-TB among individuals with CPTBT.
Effects of occlusal disharmony on susceptibility to atrial fibrillation in mice
Authors: Suita Kenji , Yagisawa Yuka , Ohnuki Yoshiki , Umeki Daisuke , Nariyama Megumi , Ito Aiko , Hayakawa Yoshio , Matsuo Ichiro , Mototani Yasumasa , Saeki Yasutake , Okumura Satoshi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTooth loss or incorrect positioning causes occlusal disharmony. Furthermore, tooth loss and atrial fibrillation (AF) are both risk factors for ischemic stroke and coronary heart disease. Therefore, we hypothesized that occlusal disharmony-induced stress increases susceptibility to AF, and we designed the present study to test this idea in mice. Bite-opening (BO) was done by cementing a suitable appliance onto the mandibular incisor to cause occlusal disharmony by increasing the vertical height of occlusion by 0.7 mm for a period of 2 weeks. AF susceptibility, evaluated in terms of the duration of AF induced by transesophageal burst pacing, was significantly increased concomitantly with atrial remodeling, including fibrosis, myocyte apoptosis and oxidative DNA damage, in BO mice. The BO-induced atrial remodeling was associated with increased calmodulin kinase II-mediated ryanodine receptor 2 phosphorylation on serine 2814, as well as inhibition of Akt phosphorylation. However, co-treatment with propranolol, a non-selective β-blocker, ameliorated these changes in BO mice. These data suggest that improvement of occlusal disharmony by means of orthodontic treatment might be helpful in the treatment or prevention of AF.
Stabilization of a honeycomb lattice of IrO6 octahedra by formation of ilmenite-type superlattices in MnTiO3
Authors: Miura Kei , Fujiwara Kohei , Nakayama Kei , Ishikawa Ryo , Shibata Naoya , Tsukazaki Atsushi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn quantum spin liquid research, thin films are an attractive arena that enables the control of magnetic interactions via epitaxial strain and two-dimensionality, which are absent in bulk crystals. Here, as a promising candidate for the development of quantum spin liquids in thin films, we propose a robust ilmenite-type oxide with a honeycomb lattice of edge-sharing IrO6 octahedra artificially stabilised by superlattice formation using the ilmenite-type antiferromagnetic oxide MnTiO3. Stabilised sub-unit-cell-thick Mn–Ir–O layers are isostructural to MnTiO3 and have an atomic arrangement corresponding to ilmenite-type MnIrO3. By performing spin Hall magnetoresistance measurements, we observe that antiferromagnetic ordering in the ilmenite Mn sublattice is suppressed by modified magnetic interactions in the MnO6 planes via the IrO6 planes. These findings contribute to the development of two-dimensional Kitaev candidate materials, accelerating the discovery of exotic physics and applications specific to quantum spin liquids.
LncRNA DLX6-AS1 as a potential molecular biomarker in the clinicopathology and prognosis of various cancers: a meta-analysis
Authors: Tian Shubo , Liu Jinglei , Kong Shuai , Peng Lipan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: Recent studies have shown that distal-less homeobox 6 antisense 1 (DLX6-AS1) is aberrantly expressed in various cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. This meta-analysis is designed to investigate the effects of DLX6-AS1 expression on clinicopathological features and survival outcomes. Methods: All eligible studies were searched from Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Wanfang database, up to August 2019. The literature was selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria listed in this work, and the quality of each eligible study was assessed. Each patient’s clinicopathological features and survival data were analyzed using Stata12.0 software. Begg’s test and sensitivity analysis were also conducted. Results: A total of 12 articles were included, covering 841 patients. Results showed that high expression of DLX6-AS1 was significantly closely associated with poor overall survival in tumor patients (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.30, confidence interval (95% CI): 1.70–3.09, P&lt;0.01). This meta-analysis also showed that overexpression of DLX6-AS1 was significantly associated with tumor stage (P&lt;0.01), tumor size (P&lt;0.01), lymph node metastasis (P&lt;0.01), and distant metastasis (P&lt;0.01). Begg’s test suggested no publication bias. Conclusion: This meta-analysis revealed that high expression of DLX6-AS1 was related to the advanced clinicopathological characteristics of human digestive system cancers (gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma) and other cancers such as ovarian cancer, osteosarcoma and non-small cell lung cancer, and DLX6-AS1 has important predictive value for poor prognosis. However, more studies are needed to further corroborate these findings.
Antimicrobial peptides from Capsicum chinense fruits: agronomic alternatives against phytopathogenic fungi
Authors: de Azevedo dos Santos Layrana , Taveira Gabriel Bonan , da Silva Marciele Souza , da Silva Gebara Rodrigo , da Silva Pereira Lídia , Perales Jonas , Teixeira-Ferreira André , de Oliveira Mello Érica , de Oliveira Carvalho André , Rodrigues Rosana , Gomes Valdirene Moreira 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In recent years, the antimicrobial activity of peptides isolated from a wide variety of organs from plant species has been reported. However, a few studies have investigated the potential of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) found in fruits, especially Capsicum chinense (pepper). The present study aimed to purify and characterize peptides from Capsicum chinense fruits and evaluate their inhibitory activities against different phytopathogenic fungi and also analyze the possible mechanisms of action involved in microbial inhibition. After fruit protein extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), different fractions were obtained, named F1 to F10. Peptides in the F4 and F5 fractions were sequenced and revealed similarity with the plant antimicrobial peptides like non-specific lipid transfer proteins and defensin-like peptide. The F4 and F5 fractions presented strong antimicrobial activity against the fungus Fusarium solani and Fusarium oxysporum, causing toxic effects on these fungi, leading to membrane permeabilization, endogenous reactive oxygen species increase, activation of metacaspase and loss of mitochondrial function.
Automated Phenotyping Tool for Identifying Developmental Language Disorder Cases in Health Systems Data (APT-DLD): A New Research Algorithm for Deployment in Large-Scale Electronic Health Record Systems
Authors: Walters Courtney E. , Nitin Rachana , Margulis Katherine , Boorom Olivia , Gustavson Daniel E. , Bush Catherine T. , Davis Lea K. , Below Jennifer E. , Cox Nancy J. , Camarata Stephen M. , Gordon Reyna L. 
Published: August 2020

PurposeData mining algorithms using electronic health records (EHRs) are useful in large-scale population-wide studies to classify etiology and comorbidities (Casey et al., 2016). Here, we apply this approach to developmental language disorder (DLD), a prevalent communication disorder whose risk factors and epidemiology remain largely undiscovered.MethodWe first created a reliable system for manually identifying DLD in EHRs based on speech-language pathologist (SLP) diagnostic expertise. We then developed and validated an automated algorithmic procedure, called, Automated Phenotyping Tool for identifying DLD cases in health systems data (APT-DLD), that classifies a DLD status for patients within EHRs on the basis of ICD (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) codes. APT-DLD was validated in a discovery sample (N= 973) using expert SLP manual phenotype coding as a gold-standard comparison and then applied and further validated in a replication sample ofN= 13,652 EHRs.ResultsIn the discovery sample, the APT-DLD algorithm correctly classified 98% (concordance) of DLD cases in concordance with manually coded records in the training set, indicating that APT-DLD successfully mimics a comprehensive chart review. The output of APT-DLD was also validated in relation to independently conducted SLP clinician coding in a subset of records, with a positive predictive value of 95% of cases correctly classified as DLD. We also applied APT-DLD to the replication sample, where it achieved a positive predictive value of 90% in relation to SLP clinician classification of DLD.ConclusionsAPT-DLD is a reliable, valid, and scalable tool for identifying DLD cohorts in EHRs. This new method has promising public health implications for future large-scale epidemiological investigations of DLD and may inform EHR data mining algorithms for other communication disorders.Supplemental Materialhttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12753578
Influence of sleeve conductivity on starting performance of high‐speed permanent magnet synchronous starter generator for micro‐gas turbine
Authors: Qiu Hongbo , Zou Xutian , Sun Junfeng , Yang Cunxiang , Yi Ran 
Published: August 2020

High‐speed permanent magnet synchronous machine is often used as a starter generator for a single‐shaft micro‐gas turbine due to its high efficiency and high‐power density. However, when the machine works in the starting mode, it usually needs a complex control system to start since the machine cannot realise self‐starting. Therefore, here, a dual‐purpose rotor sleeve is proposed for the machine to have the starting ability. Furthermore, the dynamic response speed of the machine also can be improved by optimising the electromagnetic characteristics of the sleeve. Taking a 40 kW, 20,000 r/min surface‐mounted permanent magnet machine as an example, the two‐dimensional finite element model of the machine is established. The start‐up time and locked rotor parameters under different sleeve conductivities are studied by the finite element method. In order to find out the reason for the change of starting performance, the rotor eddy current distribution is studied. Furthermore, the starting torque of the machine is decoupling analyzed, and the influence of sleeve conductivity on various kinds of torques are found to reveal the influence mechanism of sleeve conductivity on starting performance. Finally, the correctness of the model is verified by experiments.
Observational study of chromospheric heating by acoustic waves
Authors: Abbasvand V. , Sobotka M. , Švanda M. , Heinzel P. , García-Rivas M. , Denker C. , Balthasar H. , Verma M. , Kontogiannis I. , Koza J. , Korda D. , Kuckein C. 
Published: August 2020

Aims. Our aim is to investigate the role of acoustic and magneto-acoustic waves in heating the solar chromosphere. Observations in strong chromospheric lines are analyzed by comparing the deposited acoustic-energy flux with the total integrated radiative losses.
Methods. Quiet-Sun and weak-plage regions were observed in the Ca II 854.2 nm and Hα lines with the Fast Imaging Solar Spectrograph (FISS) at the 1.6-m Goode Solar Telescope on 2019 October 3 and in the Hα and Hβ lines with the echelle spectrograph attached to the Vacuum Tower Telescope on 2018 December 11 and 2019 June 6. The deposited acoustic energy flux at frequencies up to 20 mHz was derived from Doppler velocities observed in line centers and wings. Radiative losses were computed by means of a set of scaled non-local thermodynamic equilibrium 1D hydrostatic semi-empirical models obtained by fitting synthetic to observed line profiles.
Results. In the middle chromosphere (h = 1000–1400 km), the radiative losses can be fully balanced by the deposited acoustic energy flux in a quiet-Sun region. In the upper chromosphere (h >  1400 km), the deposited acoustic flux is small compared to the radiative losses in quiet as well as in plage regions. The crucial parameter determining the amount of deposited acoustic flux is the gas density at a given height.
Conclusions. The acoustic energy flux is efficiently deposited in the middle chromosphere, where the density of gas is sufficiently high. About 90% of the available acoustic energy flux in the quiet-Sun region is deposited in these layers, and thus it is a major contributor to the radiative losses of the middle chromosphere. In the upper chromosphere, the deposited acoustic flux is too low, so that other heating mechanisms have to act to balance the radiative cooling.
Avant-propos : Le travail avec la famille lors d’un premier épisode psychotique
Authors: Bantman Patrick 
Published: August 2020

L’article présente l’introduction d’un dossier qui résume les questions qu’ont soulevé à un groupe de travail pluridisciplinaire, le travail avec la famille lors de la première hospitalisation pour un épisode psychotique...
En effet nous avons élaboré depuis quatre ans, sous l’égide de la Fédération Française de Psychiatrie à la suite de la lettre d’un parent, un travail de commission en partenariat avec l’UNAFAM. Ce groupe de travail pluridisciplinaire a rassemblé pédopsychiatres, psychiatres d’adultes, psychologues, de formations diverses et travaillant dans des contextes soignants différents, infirmiers, médecin généraliste, et un membre régulier de l’UNAFAM.
Nous sommes heureux de vous présenter les premiers résultats de ce travail initié par le Dr Roche-Rabreau dont l’article figure dans ce dossier. Nous souhaiterions que ce travail puisse permettre l’élaboration de recommandations de bonnes pratiques, comme celles élaborées dans différents aspects de la pratique psychiatrique. En annexe, nous avons mis un résumé des recommandations travaillées en commission, et présentées lors de diverses manifestions psychiatriques ainsi qu’à la Fédération Française de Psychiatrie.