bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dispersal-fecundity trade-offs in wild insect populations
Authors: McCulloch Graham A , Foster Brodie J , Kroos Gracie C , Foster Yasmin , Ni Steven , Vogel Marianne F S , Waters Jonathan M 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Wing reduction is a common feature of upland insect communities. This phenomenon is thought to be primarily driven by selection against flight, which is typically unfavourable in upland environments due to high winds and cold temperatures. In some insect taxa, wing reduction has been directly linked to increased fecundity. However, few studies have directly tested for shifts in fecundity linked to flight musculature. Here, we test for dispersal-fecundity trade-offs in the widespread subalpine stonefly Zelandoperla fenestrata. Our analysis of 450 stoneflies across 81 localities reveals significant dispersal-fecundity trade-offs. Specifically, we identify a positive association between the size of their flight muscles and the length of their wings, and a negative association between wing length and ovarian mass. Furthermore, we found a significant negative relationship between flight musculature and ovary mass. These results represent a rare example of a dispersal-fecundity trade-off in the wild and illustrate that such trade-offs can potentially involve corresponding reductions in both flight musculature and wing development. Our findings suggest that widespread taxa subject to variable environmental conditions may benefit from flexible allocation of energetic resources.
Integrative species delimitation reveals an Idaho-endemic ground squirrel, Urocitellus idahoensis (Merriam 1913)
Authors: McLean Bryan S , Rickart Eric A , Cook Joseph A , Guralnick Robert P , Burgin Connor J , Lohr Kristin 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The “small-eared” species group of Urocitellus ground squirrels (Sciuridae: Xerinae: Marmotini) is endemic to the Great Basin, United States, and surrounding cold desert ecosystems. Most specific and subspecific lineages in this group occupy narrow geographic ranges, and some are of significant conservation concern; despite this, current taxonomy remains largely based on karyotypic or subtle pelage and morphological characteristics. Here, we leverage 2 multilocus DNA sequence data sets and apply formal species delimitation tests alongside morphometric comparisons to demonstrate that the most widespread small-eared species (U. mollis Kennicott, 1863 sensu lato; Piute Ground Squirrel) is comprised of 2 nonsister and deeply divergent lineages. The 2 lineages are geographically separated by the east-west flowing Snake River in southern Idaho, with no sites of sympatry currently known. Based on robust support across the nuclear genome, we elevate populations previously attributed to U. mollis from north of the Snake River to species status under the name Urocitellus idahoensis (Merriam 1913) and propose the common name “Snake River Plains Ground Squirrel” for this taxon. We delimit 2 subspecies within U. idahoensis; U. i. idahoensis (Merriam 1913) in western Idaho and U. i. artemesiae (Merriam 1913) in eastern Idaho. Urocitellus idahoensis is endemic to Idaho and has a maximal range area of roughly 29,700 km2 spanning 22 counties but occurs discontinuously across this area. Our work substantially expands knowledge of ground squirrel diversity in the northern Great Basin and Columbia Plateau and highlights the difficulty in delimiting aridland mammals whose morphological attributes are highly conserved.
The Framework of International Criminal Procedure
Authors: Ambos Kai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the framework of international criminal procedure. It explains that the international criminal procedure has traditionally been analysed as a blending of the common law and civil law traditions since both concepts describe a certain legal system or legal tradition. Criminal procedure primarily refers to the rules governing the mechanisms under which crimes are investigated, prosecuted, adjudicated, and punished. The chapter then discusses the history, theories, origins, and process of international criminal procedure. It also elaborates on the differences between criminal procedure and criminal justice while highlighting the goals and rights of international criminal justice.
The Cooperation Regime
Authors: Ambos Kai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the importance, nature, and forms of cooperation, particularly when International Law is involved. As a general rule, international criminal tribunals rely on the cooperation of the relevant territorial State(s) about the investigation and prosecution of the crimes committed on the State territory alongside the enforcement of the respective sentences. Moreover, certain forms and rules of cooperation are necessary to regulate the relationship between international criminal tribunals and States. The chapter then examines the cooperation obligations as per Article 86 ICCS and the consequences for non-compliance. It elaborates on the cooperation rules between international criminal tribunals and the national jurisdictions established by specific procedural laws.
The gut microbiome as a potential therapeutic target in IgA nephropathy
Authors: Pereira Inês Miguel , Pereira Marta , Lopes José António , Gameiro Joana 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis and a leading cause of kidney failure, with limited treatment options available. The pathophysiology of IgAN remains unclear; however, recent studies suggest that genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors play significant roles. There is also strong evidence linking the gut microbiome to the development of IgAN. In this review, we will examine the relationship between the microbiome and the pathogenesis of IgAN, as well as its potential as a target for future therapeutic interventions.
Needs as Causes
Authors: Shaw Ashley 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Facts about need play some role in our causal understanding of the world. We understand, for example, that people have basic needs for food, water, and shelter, and that people come to be harmed because those needs go unmet. But what are needs? How do explanations in terms of need fit into our broader causal understanding of the world? This paper provides an account of need attribution, their contribution to causal explanations, and their relation to disposition attribution.
Lessons Learned Through Adaptation of a Model Successful during the COVID Pandemic: Expanding HIV Self-testing for Persons Who Use Drugs
Authors: Huerta Alicia , Salim Ella , Bonilla Haley V. , Miller Sarah E. , Assoumou Sabrina A. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The US overdose crisis is driving a surge in HIV diagnoses among persons who inject drugs (PWID). Innovative approaches are needed to address this increase in cases. Although HIV self-testing (HIVST) was hailed as a potential “game-changer” upon initial approval by the Food and Drug Administration over a decade ago, this convenient testing modality has not reached its full potential to impact the HIV epidemic. Nevertheless, lessons regarding self-testing for infectious diseases from the COVID-19 pandemic present an opportunity to increase HIVST uptake and reach current US goals of Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE) by 2030. In this commentary, we first discuss facilitators and barriers of HIVST for PWID. We then explore how lessons regarding self-testing during the COVID-19 pandemic can allow us to realize the potential of HIVST for PWID. We conclude by suggesting the future utilization of HIVST to address 2 EHE pillars, rapid diagnosis of HIV cases and cluster identification.
How Does Inflammatory Bowel Disease Impact Outcomes and Costs of Care Following Primary 1- to 2-level Lumbar Fusion for Degenerative Lumbar Disease?
Authors: Elali Faisal , Nian Patrick , Rodriguez Ariel N. , Conway Charles A. , Saleh Ahmed , Razi Afshin E. 
Published: December 2024

Study Design:
Retrospective study.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to determine whether IBD in patients with degenerative lumbar changes undergoing primary 1–2LF is associated with higher rates of (1) in-hospital length of stay, (2) medical complications, (3) readmissions, and (4) costs of care.

Summary of Background Data:
In the United States, the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has increased concurrently with an aging population with degenerative disk changes. In these patients, primary 1- to 2-lumbar fusion (1–2LF) is a common procedure to resolve serious complications of the spine. Studies comparing these patient demographics to hospital lengths of stay, postoperative complications, readmission rates, and costs of care are limited in the literature.

Methods:
The inclusion criteria consisted of patients with IBD who underwent 1–2LF, using a 90-day surveillance period, postoperatively. This 90-day surveillance period was used to measure the length of hospital stay, rates of medical complications, rates of readmissions, and overall costs of care. The IBD cohort was matched against a case-matched cohort group.

Results:
Patients in the study group had significantly longer in-hospital lengths of stay. In addition, patients in the study group had significantly higher incidence and odds of developing postoperative medical complications within 90 days. Also, study group patients had significantly higher readmission rates. Finally, patients in the study group had significantly higher costs of care than their case-matched cohort.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrated that patients with IBD and degenerative lumbar disease are burdened with longer in-hospital lengths of stay, rates of postoperative medical complications, rates of readmission, and costs of care after undergoing primary 1–2LF.
The Beneficial Role of Participation in Decision-Making on Workers’ Health and Commitment: A Cross-Sectional Study in Belgium’s Health and Homecare Sector
Authors: Rachida Bensliman , Céline Mahieu , Annalisa Casini 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To test the hypothesis of a beneficial role of worker participation in the decision-making process as a buffer against demanding work organisation on mental and physical health and commitment.

Methods
A cross-sectional study (N = 1134) was conducted among workers employed in the health and homecare sector. Multiple regressions and moderation analyses were performed to test whether worker participation in decision-making moderates the association between demanding work organisation and health and whether it directly predicts work commitment.

Results
As hypothesized, results show that demanding work organisation is negatively associated with the mental and physical health of workers and that participation in the decision-making moderates this negative association. Finally, participation in decision-making is directly related to work commitment.

Conclusions
Results are discussed in light of the recent evolution of work conditions in the health and homecare sector.
The Relationship between Chronic Unilateral Hearing Loss, Balance Function, and Falls Is Not Informed by Vestibular Status
Authors: Lubetzky Anat V. , Kelly Jennifer L. , Scigliano Katherine , Morris Brittani , Cheng Kristyn , Harel Daphna , Cosetti Maura 
Published: December 2024

Objectives
Recent studies suggest that hearing loss is associated with balance dysfunction and an increased risk of falls. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether adults with unilateral hearing loss (UHL) have an underlying vestibular dysfunction and whether vestibular testing explains balance function and fall risk.

Study Design
Cross-sectional.

Setting
Urban otology practice and a human motion laboratory.

Patients
We recruited 41 healthy controls (mean age, 52 years; range, 22–78 years) and 29 adults with stable UHL (mean age, 53 years; range, 18–80 years) who denied symptoms of dizziness (Dizziness Handicap Inventory average, 1.86; range, 0–14). UHL occurred an average of 4 years (range from sudden loss, 4 months to 27.5 years) prior to testing.

Interventions
We conducted the caloric portion of the videonystagmography test, video head impulse test (vHIT), and a battery of balance tests: standing on foam with eyes closed, timed up and go test, four square step test, 10-meter walk, and a virtual reality (VR) assessment of postural control.

Main Outcome Measures
Hearing was quantified by four-frequency pure-tone average (PTA). Caloric weakness was defined as asymmetry greater than 25%. Participants self-reported falls over the past 12 months and history of vertigo. Performance on balance tests was quantified by time to completion or duration of hold. Performance on the VR assessment was quantified by root-mean-square velocity of head sway.

Results
Proportion of unilateral caloric weakness was significantly higher in the UHL group (25%) than the control group (12%). Five participants with UHL refused caloric testing. vHIT gains of lateral canals were normal in both groups. The majority of participants in the UHL group experienced vertigo at the onset of hearing loss (72%). There were five fallers in the UHL group (17%) and three in the control group (7%). Participants with caloric weakness or vertigo at onset did not differ from those without in age or in any of the balance tests. Participants with history of falls differed in head sway and duration of hold standing on foam with eyes closed.

Conclusions
Individuals with UHL are more likely to have caloric weakness than healthy controls; however, these findings are not correlated with functional outcomes or history of falls. Postural control testing using virtual reality or standing on foam with eyes closed may help detect those at a risk for falls.
Geometric Reconstruction of Cartilage Tissue With Mesenchymal Stem Cell–Assisted Electromechanical Reshaping
Authors: Arıkan Çağrı Berk , Yıldıran Gökçe , Çiçek Gülsemin , Esin Çelik Zeliha , Öz Bağcı Fatma , Tosun Zekeriya 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Shaping the ear cartilage and preserving the shape are important and quite difficult. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the Wharton's jelly–derived stem cell–assisted electromechanical reshaping method in a rabbit ear cartilage defect model and to compare it with surgical reshaping.
For the purpose of 25 × 4-mm cartilage defect reconstruction, 48 rabbit ears were divided into 2 main groups according to the shaping method, and these main groups were divided into 3 subgroups according to stem cell injection: control, sham, and stem cell.
A rabbit ear cartilage defect was created, and rib cartilage was collected for reconstruction. Although electromechanical reshaping was performed in accordance with the rabbit ear geometry angle, surgical scoring and suturing were performed in the classical method. Stem cells were applied in the first week, and the grafts were removed in the first month. Analyses included angular change, weight change, and histopathology.
In this study, electromechanical reshaping was histopathologically similar to surgical reshaping and is more effective in preserving the shape. Cartilage thickness and weight were higher in stem cell groups.
Electromechanical reshaping is emerging as an effective and standardized method to maintain cartilage stability and geometry and offers a viable alternative to classic surgical techniques. In addition, stem cell application gave physical strength to cartilage. It is a method that allows us to obtain more stable and more durable cartilages that maintain given shape with the combination of Wharton jelly–assisted electromechanical reshaping method.
Therapeutic efficacy of Roujin formula in managing fibromyalgia patients with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome: A single-blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fu Jingsi , Wu Shiya , Jiang Quan , Jiao Juan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic pain condition characterized by central sensitivity to pain, and it is universally acknowledged as a recalcitrant disease. A single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the effectiveness and safety of the Roujin formula in treating FMS patients with liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome, aiming to provide more scientific and effective treatment options.

Methods
Forty-eight eligible participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the Roujin formula group (n = 24) or the placebo group (n = 24). The Roujin formula group received 150 mL of the Roujin formula twice daily, whereas the placebo group was given a tenth of the Roujin formula dosage, twice daily. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks, with a follow-up extending to 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the improvement in the pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, whereas secondary outcomes included enhancements in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR), and 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores. These measures were assessed at baseline and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks. The Patients’ Global Impression of Change (PGIC) was collected at week 12. Safety assessments were based on routine blood tests, urine tests, and liver and kidney function evaluations.

Results
The improvement in the pain VAS score was significantly greater in the Roujin formula group than that in the placebo group at the 4-, 8-, and 12-week follow-ups (p < 0.05). At the 8-week treatment and the 12-week follow-up, improvements in PSQI and FIQR scores were also superior in the Roujin formula group compared with the placebo group (p < 0.05). There were no differences between the 2 groups in the improvement of BDI-II scores, SF-36 physical component summary, and mental component summary scores at any observation time points. At the 12-week follow-up, PGIC ratings were significantly better in the Roujin formula group (p < 0.05). There were 4 adverse events, all of which occurred in the Roujin formula group, including 3 cases of diarrhea and 1 case of stomach pain; no serious adverse events were reported during the study.

Conclusion
The Roujin formula can effectively enhance the overall condition of FMS patients, relieve pain, improve sleep quality, and elevate physical and mental well-being. Only mild gastrointestinal reactions were observed. The Roujin formula may be a viable candidate for clinical implementation.
Canonical interpretation of the newly observed
JP=1+
structure
X(2085)
Authors: Li Tian-Ge , Zhang Sheng-Chao , Wang Guan-Ying , Lü Qi-Fang 
Published: December 2024

Inspired by the newly observed X(2085) by the BESIII Collaboration, we study the strong decay behaviors of excited axial-vector strange mesons within the quark pair creation model. Our results indicate that the K1(1793)/K1(1861) can be regarded as the same K1(2P) state, and the K1(1911) is assigned as the K1(2P′) state. Considering the mass, spin-parity, and decay behaviors, we interpret the newly observed X(2085) as the radially excited K1(3P) state, which mainly decays into the K*(1410)π, ρK*, ω(1420)K, ρ(1450)K, and ρK final states. Also, the width of the K1(3P′) state is predicted to be about 300 MeV, which can be searched for by future experiments. We expect that present calculations can help us to better understand the nature of the X(2085) structure and near-threshold enhancements in the baryon-antibaryon invariant mass distributions.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Unlocking the key to sustained usage of mobile retail applications: a hybrid perspective
Authors: Hoang Thanh Nhon , Truong Cong Bac 
Published: December 2024

PurposeThis study examines how users' perceptions of application quality impact sustained usage, taking alternative options into account.Design/methodology/approachA hybrid approach combining partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) was used to capture linear and non-linear relationships in the continuous intention to use mobile retail applications through 505 valid responses.FindingsThe findings highlight the significant role of utilitarian attitude, hedonic emotion, and trust in driving the adoption and continued use of mobile retail applications. Service and information qualities were identified as factors reinforcing trust, utilitarian attitudes, and hedonic emotion. Notably, system quality exclusively influences utilitarian attitude. Additionally, the presence of alternative options negatively moderates utilitarian attitude and the intention to persistently use the application.Originality/valueBy integrating the S-O-R model and the ISS model, this study’s theoretical framework provides fresh insights into the relative importance of these factors, enhancing our understanding of consumers' intention to continue using mobile retail applications.
Influences of country-level factors on corporate governance adherence: an analysis of multinational corporations’ subsidiaries in India
Authors: Sharma Neetu , Gerged Ali Meftah , Elheddad Mohammed , Haloub Radi , Al-Najjar Basil 
Published: December 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the influence of institutional factors on corporate governance (CG) compliance within subsidiaries of multinational corporations (MNCs) operating in India, drawing on institutional and legitimacy theories.

Design/methodology/approach
The research approach uses a comparative analysis of CG compliance across MNC subsidiaries in India, focusing on the impact of institutional distance between home and host countries, the quality of national governance and the level of corruption in the host country. It further examines how these factors vary between secondary and tertiary industries and between subsidiaries originating in developed versus developing economies. The authors use a range of robust econometric techniques, including semi-parametric methods of panel data models, generalised method of moments and non-parametric method of panel quantile regression, to conduct a comprehensive analysis.

Findings
This study suggests three principal findings: First, certain institutional mechanisms, namely, national governance quality index (NGQI), institutional distance and host country corruption (CL), exert a substantial impact on corporate governance compliance index (CGCI) levels in MNC subsidiaries. The empirical evidence reveals a positive and significant relationship between CGCI and NGQI and a negative yet significant relationship with CL at a 1% significance level. Second, the influence of these institutional factors varies across different sectors, suggesting a differential susceptibility to institutional impacts between secondary and tertiary industries. Third, the role of institutional factors diverges based on the subsidiary’s country of origin. The data indicates that the compliance behaviours of subsidiaries from developed and developing economies are distinctly influenced, underscoring the pronounced effects of geographical and economic contexts on CG practices.

Originality/value
This research contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive understanding of how institutional factors affect CG compliance in MNC subsidiaries, with a specific focus on India’s emerging economy. It offers original insights into the differential impacts of institutional factors across industries and origin countries, thereby providing practical recommendations for enhancing CG practices within MNC subsidiaries in emerging economies like India.