bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-Molecule van der Waals Compass
Authors: Chen Xiao , Shen Boyuan , Wang Huiqiu , Xiong Hao , Qian Weizhong , Cai Dali , Jin Shifeng , Liu Xin , Han Yu , Wei Fei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Imaging the single molecules is always challenging under the diverse microscopes, but highly demanded for investigating the intermolecular interactions at the molecular level1-6. The van der Waals (vdW) interactions at sub-nanometer scale will deeply influence various molecular behaviors under the confinement conditions7-11. Here, inspired by the traditional compass12, we introduce a classical strategy using a vertical para-xylene (PX) molecule as a rotating pointer to detect the vdW potential field in a MFI straight channel. Based on the integrated differential phase contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy (iDPC-STEM)13-17, we achieve the real-space imaging of single PX molecule pointer in each channel with a certain orientation. The solid relation between the pointer orientation and atomic channel structure in this vdW compass is established by combining the calculations and imaging results. Thus, these PX orientations help us identify the varied vdW potential field related to the channel geometry both in the spatial and temporal dimensions. This work not only provides a visible and sensitive pointer to investigate the host-guest vdW interactions in porous materials at the molecular level, but also promotes the further imaging and study of other single-molecule behaviors by the iDPC-STEM.
Differences in Regional Distribution and Inequality in Health-Resource Allocation on Institutions, Beds, and Workforce: A Longitudinal Study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Dong Enhong , Sun Xiaoting , Zhang Lufa , Chen Minjie , Wang Hongmei , Xu Ting , Wang Tao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The distribution of health-care resources is a critical component of health-care access, and equity is a basic principle of health-resource allocation, and foundational to achieving fairness in the provision of health services. China and its local Shanghai’s government has implemented measures to allocate health-care resources with the equity as one of the major goals since 2009.The aim of this study was to analyze differences in regional distribution and inequality in health-resource allocation on institutions, beds, and workforce in Shanghai over 7 years.Methods: A longitudinal survey using 2010–2016 data, which were collected for analysis. The study was conducted health-resource allocation on institutions, beds, and workforce in Shanghai, China. Five health-resource indicators were used to measure health-resource distribution at the city and district levels. Furthermore, the Theil index was calculated to measure inequality of health-resource allocation.Results: All quantities of health-care resources per 1000 people increased across Shanghai districts from 2010 to 2016. Compared with suburban districts, the central districts had higher ratios on five health-care resource indicators, and faster average growth in the bed and nurse indicator, and slower growth in the institution, technician and doctor indicator. The Theil indices of the technicians, doctors, nurses and beds had higher values than that of institutions every year from 2010 to 2016; furthermore, the Theil indices of the indicators, except for doctors in hospitals, all exhibited downward time trends.Conclusions: Increased health-care resources and reduced inequality of health-resource allocation in Shanghai during the 7 years indicated that the measures taken by the Shanghai government in the new round of healthcare reform in China since 2009 had been successful. Meanwhile there still existed regional difference between urban and rural areas and inequality between institution and workforce, especially doctors.
CircRNA hsa_circ_0110102 Function as Anti-Oncogenic Gene in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Modulating miR-580-5p/CCL2 Pathway
Authors: Wang Xinxing , Sheng Wei , Xu Tao , Xu Jiawen , Zhang Zhenhai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been shown to have critical regulatory roles in tumor biology, whereas their contributions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remains enigmatic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in hsa_circ_0110102 in the occurrence and development of HCC. Methods: The expression levels of hsa_circ_0110102 in HCC cell lines and tissues were estimated by RT-qPCR assay. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells were determined by CCK-8 and transwell assay. The western blot and ELISA were employed to examine the related-protein and cytokine expression. The association between miR-580-5p and hsa_circ_0110102 or CCL2 was predicted and affirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down.Results: hsa_circ_0110102 was significantly down-regulated in HCC cell lines and tissues, low hsa_circ_0110102 expression levels were associated with poor prognosis. Knockdown hsa_circ_0110102 significantly inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion. In addition, luciferase assay and RNA pull-down assay indicating that hsa_circ_0110102 function as sponge for miR-580-5p. Moreover, miR-580-5p which could directly bind to the 3’-UTR of CCL2 and induce its expression, then active the COX-2/PGE2 pathway in macrophage via FoxO1 in p38 MAPK dependent manner. Furthermore, the Δ256 mutant of FoxO1 showed no activation effect. Conclusion: hsa_circ_0110102 act as a sponge for miR-580-5p and decreased CCL2 secretion in HCC cells, then inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine release from activated macrophage by regulating the COX-2/PGE2 pathway. These results indicating that hsa_circ_0110102 serves as a potential prognostic predictor or therapeutic target for HCC.
Establishment and Validation of a Prognostic Signature for Lung Adenocarcinoma Based on Metabolism-Related Genes
Authors: Wang Zhihao , Embaye Kidane Siele , Yang Qing , Qin Lingzhi , Zhang Chao , Liu Liwei , Zhan Xiaoqian , Zhang Fengdi , Wang Xi , Qin Shenghui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Given that dysregulated metabolism has been recently identified as a hallmark of cancer biology, this study aims to establish and validate a prognostic signature of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) based on metabolism-related genes(MRGs). Methods: The gene sequencing data of LUAD samples with clinical information and the metabolism-related gene set were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB), respectively. The differentially expressed MRGs were identified by Wilcoxon rank sum test. Then, univariate Cox regression analysis were performed to identify MRGs that related to overall survival(OS). A prognostic signature was developed by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Furthermore, the signature was validated in the GSE31210 dataset. In addition, a nomogram that combined the prognostic signature was created for predicting the 1-, 3- and 5-year OS of LUAD.The accuracy of the nomogram prediction was evaluated using a calibration plot. Finally, cox regression analysis was applied to identify the prognostic value and clinical relationship of the signature in LUAD. Results: A total of 116 differentially expressed MRGs were detected in the TCGA dataset. We found that 12 MRGs were most significantly associated with OS by using the univariate regression analysis in LUAD. Then, multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to construct the prognostic signature, which consisted of six MRGs(ALDOA, CAT, ENTPD2, GNPNAT1, LDHA, and TYMS). The prognostic value of this signature was further successfully validated in the GSE31210 dataset. Furthermore, the calibration curve of the prognostic nomogram demonstrated good agreement between the predicted and observed survival rates for each of OS. Further analysis indicated that this signature could be an independent prognostic indicator after adjusting to other clinical factors. Finally, the signature was found to be associated with various clinicopathological features. Conclusions: We established a prognostic signature based on MRGs for LUAD and validated the performance of the model, which may provide a promising tool for the diagnosis and prognosis in patients with LUAD.
Evaluation of lens thickness in cataract patients: a comparison of two tests
Authors: Xu Jiayi , Li Chen , Wang Lijun , Li Caixin , Li Xin , Lu Peirong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the agreement of lens thickness (LT) measurements made by contact A-scan ultrasonography and Lenstar LS900 as well as the influence of anterior chamber depth (ACD) and axial length (AL) measurement differences on LT measurement in cataract patients in the two techniques.Methods: 1247 cataract patients (1247 eyes) participated in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Ocular biometric measurements were performed with Lenstar LS900 and A-scan ultrasonography respectively, and the measured results of AL, ACD and LT were compared using Pearson correlation coefficients (r) and Bland-Altman analyses.Results: Bland-Altman analyses showed poor agreement between the A-scan ultrasonography and Lenstar LS900 in measuring AL and ACD. The average difference of LT was 0.01 mm; the consistency limit was -0.86 mm, 0.88 mm; and 95.27% of datapoints were within the 95% consistency limit. The consistency of LT measurements between the two techniques was poor for those subjects whose ACD or AL values were beyond the 95% consistency limit. Among the subjects whose AL or ACD values measured by A-scan ultrasonography were greater than those measured by Lenstar LS900, 93.33% of them were within the 95% consistency limit, suggesting that the consistency of LT measurement between the two techniques was poor. Of patients whose ACD or AL measured by A-scan ultrasonography were smaller than that of Lenstar LS900, 96.01% of them were within the 95% consistency limit.Conclusions: There was good agreement of the LT measurements between A-scan ultrasonography and Lenstar LS900, except for the axis deviating from the apparent axis during A-scan ultrasonography. If this error can be avoided, A-scan ultrasonography can replace Lenstar LS900 in LT measurement in cataract patients.
Genome-wide identification, and phylogenetic and expression profiling analyses of XTH gene families in Brassica rapa L. and Brassica oleracea L.
Authors: Song Min , Wu Di , Liu Anqi , Qu Xiaoyu , Liang Jiayi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase genes (XTHs) are a multigene family and play key roles in regulating cell wall extensibility in plant growth and development. XTH genes of Brassica have not been reported.
Results
In this study, 53 and 38 XTH genes were identified in Brassica rapa and Brassica olerecea, respectively. All XTHs of B. rapa, B. oleracea and Arabidopsis thaliana can be classified into three groups including Group I/II, III and Ancestral Group based on phylogenetic relationships. Gene structures and motif patterns were similar in the same group. All XTHs in this study contained two characteristic conserved domains (Glyco_hydro and XET_C). XTHs mainly located in the cell wall and some also located in cytoplasm. Expansion mechanism analyses uncovered that whole-genome triplication (WGT) events and tandem duplication (TD) may be the major mechanism accounting for the expansion of XTH gene family. Interestingly, TD genes were all belong to Group I/II, which suggested TD was the main reason for the largest number of genes in the groups. B. oleracea had a higher loss rate of XTH genes, conserved domain XET_C and conserved motif EXDXE compared with B. rapa, consistent with the asymmetrical evolution between the two Brassica genomes. A majority of XTH genes exhibited different tissue-specific expression patterns based on RNA-seq data analyses. Moreover, the differential expressions of duplicated XTH genes in the two species were found and indicated their functional differentiation occurred after B. rapa and B. olerecea diverged from a common ancestor.
Conclusions
We first systematic analyzed XTH gene families in B. rapa and B. oleracea. The results of this paper can be used for reference to further study the function of XTH gene and the evolution pattern of multi gene family.
Cervical Spine AIS 6 – untreatable but survivable
Authors: Kamp Oliver , Jansen O. , Lefering R. , Aach M. , Waydhas C. , Dudda M. , Schildhauer T. A. , Hamsen U. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Trauma is a significant cause of death and impairment. The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) differentiates the severity of trauma and is the basis for different trauma scores and prediction models. An AIS of 6 is described as currently untreatable or unsurvivable. While the majority of patients do not survive such injuries, there are several patients with a cervical spinal cord injury and an AIS of 6 that could be discharged from hospital despite the prognosis of trauma scores. For this reason, we evaluated these findings in a larger control group.
Methods
In a retrospective, multi-centre study, we used the data recorded in the TraumaRegister DGU® (TR-DGU) to select patients with a severe cervical spinal cord injury and an AIS of 3 to 6 between 2002 to 2015. We compared the estimated mortality rate according to the Revised Injury Severity Classification II (RISC II) score against the actual mortality rate for this group.
Results
Six hundred and twelve patients (0.6%) sustained a severe cervical spinal cord injury with an AIS of 6. The mean age was 57.8 ± 21.8 years and 441 (72.3%) were male. 580 (98.6%) suffered a blunt trauma, 301 patients were injured in a car accident and 29 through attempted suicide. Out of the 612 patients, 391 (63.9%) died from their injury and 170 during the first 24 hours. The group had a predicted mortality rate of 81.4%, but we observed an actual mortality rate of 63.9%.
Conclusions
An AIS of 6 with a complete cord syndrome above C3 as documented in the TR-DGU is survivable if patients get to the hospital alive, at which point they show a survival rate of more than 35%. Compared to the mortality predictive model of the RISC II score, they survived much more often than expected.
Endoscopic Repair of Delayed Stomach Perforation Arising From Penetrating Trauma: A Case Report
Authors: Yoon Jae hyun , Jun Chung Hwan , Han Jae Pil , Yeom Ji Woong , Kang Seung Ku , Kook Hyun Yi , Choi Sung Kyu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Primary endoscopic closure of perforated gastric wall during endoscopic procedures is mostly effective and well-tolerated; however, there are only few studies on the efficacy of endoscopic management in traumatic delayed gastric perforation.
Case presentation:

Here, we report the case of a 39-year-old woman who presented with multiple penetrating trauma in the back and left abdominal cavity. Initial imaging studies revealed left diaphragmatic disruption and peri-splenic hemorrhage without gastric perforation. An emergency primary repair of the disrupted diaphragm with omental reduction and suture of the lacerated lung was performed; however, delayed free-perforation of the gastric wall was noted on computed tomography after 3 d. Following an emergency abdominal surgery for primary repair of the gastric wall, re-perforation was noted 15 d post-operatively. The high re-operation risk prompted an endoscopic intervention using two endoloops and 11 endoscopic clips using a novel modified purse-string suture technique. The free perforated gastric wall was successfully repaired without additional surgery or intervention. The patient was discharged after 46 d without any complications.
Conclusions

Endoscopic closure with this novel technique involving endoloops and endoscopic clips can be a useful therapeutic alternative to re-operation for delayed gastric perforation caused by penetrating trauma.
Percutaneous Kyphoplasty in Treating Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture With Kyphotic Deformity: A Compared Study
Authors: Yao Wenye , Guo Runsheng , Lai Qi , Zhang Bin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) with kyphosis via unilateral versus bilateral approach.Methods: All patients suffered OVCF with kyphosis were retrospectively reviewed. Of those, performed unilateral PKP or underwent bilateral PKP with random. The clinical and radiological data such as the correction of deformity, sagittal profle and record of the perioperative morbidity of the patients were analyzed.Results: All patients (76±3.6 years) were enrolled in this investigation, including 47 in the unilateral and 39 in the bilateral group. No significant difference in general data was detected between the two groups (p >0.05). Howere, the operation time and cement amount 28.2±3.4 min, 3.8±0.6 ml in the unilateral group, while 50.1±4.6 min, 5.4±0.5 ml in the bilateral group, respectively (P <0.05).In addition,The preoperative visual analog scale(VAS) and Vertebral local kyphosis angle were 8.8±0.65 and 16.3 ± 6.5°compared to last follow-up 3.15±0.78 and 14.26± 2.16°in unilateral group, while 8.5±0.78 and 16.5 ± 7.1°compared to last follow-up 2.66±0.86 and 13.81±2.38°in bilateral group, respectively (P < 0.05). Furthermore, Oswestry Disablility Index (ODI) and prevertebral height ratio in both groups were significantly different before and after surgery, but no significant difference between the two groups (p >0.05).Conclusion: Both bilateral and unilateral PKP are relatively safe and provide effective treatment for patients with painful thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture with mild kyphotic deformity. However, unilateral PKP need less operation time and volume of cement.
Circular RNA screening identifies circMYLK4 as a regulator of fast/slow myofibers in porcine skeletal muscles
Authors: Cao Haigang , Liu Jieming , Du Tianning , Liu Yihao , Zhang Xiaoyu , Guo Yuan , Wang Jie , Zhou Xiaomin , Li Xiao , Yang Gongshe , Shi Xin'e 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The myofiber type is related to the quality of meat; specifically, slow-oxidized myofiber helps to increase the tenderness and juiciness of meat. An increasing number of studies have shown that circRNAs play a key role in skeletal muscle development. However, the key circRNAs that regulate myofiber types and their roles are still poorly understood.Results: A total of 40757 circRNAs were identified from the longissimus dorsi (LD) and the soleus (Sol) muscles, of which 10388 were co-expressed in the two muscles. Further analysis found 181 differentially expressed circRNAs in the LD compared with Sol. Functional enrichment analysis showed that target genes of differentially expressed circRNA-sponge miRNAs were enriched in the AMPK, FoxO and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. In addition, we focused on a novel circRNA—circMYLK4. CircMYLK4 significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of slow muscle marker genes and caused the flesh to turn red.Conclusion: Our study laid an essential foundation for further research on circRNAs in myofiber type conversion and the achievement of higher meat quality.
Comparison of Anticoagulated Versus Non-Anticoagulated Patients with Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumps
Authors: Kelly Julie , Malloy Rhynn , Knowles Danielle 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: There is limited guidance regarding the use of anticoagulation in patients on intra-aortic balloon pumps (IABP). The purpose of this study is to compare the safety outcomes in anticoagulated versus non-anticoagulated patients with an IABP. Methods: This was a single center, retrospective chart review of patients admitted to the coronary care unit or cardiac surgery unit who received an IABP from May 2015 to July 2018. Patients who were anticoagulated with heparin while on an IABP were compared to those who were not anticoagulated. Major endpoints included a composite of thrombotic events and a composite of bleeding events. The major composite endpoint of thrombotic events included the incidence of ischemic stroke, any venous thromboembolism, device thrombosis, and limb ischemia. The major composite endpoint of bleeding events included major access site bleeding, minor access site bleeding, major non-access site bleeding, and minor non-access site bleeding. Minor endpoints included any major endpoint events occurring within 24 and 48 hours of IABP insertion, hospital length of stay, intensive care unit length of stay, and in-hospital mortality. Results: A total of 185 patients were evaluated for inclusion and 136 were included in the final analysis. There were 72 and 64 patients in the heparin and non-heparin groups, respectively. The composite endpoint of thrombotic events occurred in 8.3% and 7.8% in the heparin and non-heparin groups, respectively (p=0.91). The composite bleeding endpoint occurred in 22.2% and 18.8% in the heparin and non-heparin groups, respectively (p=0.25). There were no differences found in minor endpoints between groups. Conclusion: There were no significant differences found in major endpoints of bleeding and thrombotic events in patients who received anticoagulation while on an IABP versus those who did not receive anticoagulation.
Chemoprevention of Lung Carcinogenesis by Red Ginseng and Ginsenoside Rg3 in A/J mice
Authors: Xiong Jie , Yuan Hongmei , Fei Shihong , Wu Hongge , Cheng Jing , Yang Shengli , Wang Yian , You Ming , Liu Li 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Red ginseng has long been used as a traditional medicine for a variety of maladies. Ginsenosides are the active components of ginseng but are limited by their low oral bioavailability. Methods: We evaluated several types of red ginseng extracts for their ability to inhibit lung tumor formation and growth induced by the carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] in A/J mice. The concentrations of various ginsenosides were quantified in these ginseng extracts using the methods of ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis to identify the ginsenosides that may contribute to cancer prevention. We next explored whether inhibition of P-glycoprotein by verapamil could increase the oral bioavailability of ginsenoside by using CaCo-2 cell transcellular transport and in situ mouse intestinal perfusion models. The plasma and intestine concentration of ginsenoside and cancer preventive effect of ginsenoside combined with verapamil in A/J mice were also detected by using B(a)P-induced mouse cancer model.Results: We found that treatment with one type of red ginseng (Korean red ginseng B, KRGB) led to a significant reduction of tumor load compared with other types of red ginseng. KRGB contained the highest concentration of ginsenoside Rg3 among these red ginseng extracts, suggested that Rg3 may play an important role in its preventive efficacy. Our study showed that Rg3 had a relatively poor bioavailability, and co-administration of verapamil decreased the efflux ratio of Rg3 in Caco-2 cells, increased the absorption rate of Rg3 in rat small intestine, increased the plasma and intestine concentration of Rg3 in A/J mice, and enhanced the cancer preventive effect of Rg3 against B(a)P induced lung tumorigenesis. Conclusions: Ginsenosides Rg3 is one of the key components of read ginseng that may be responsible for its efficacy against lung carcinogenesis in mice. Rg3 appears to be the substrate of P-glycoprotein, and inhibition of P-glycoprotein could enhance its oral bioavailability.