bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ergebnisse nach Plattenstabilisierung der Symphysensprengung
Authors: Jordan Martin C. , Jäckle Veronika , Scheidt Sebastian , Eden Lars , Gilbert Fabian , Heintel Timo M. , Jansen Hendrik , Meffert Rainer H. 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Symphysensprengung mit entsprechender Diastase kann durch eine Symphysenplatte stabilisiert werden.

Fragestellung
Welche Beckenverletzungen werden mit einer Symphysenplatte stabilisiert und wie ist das Outcome?

Material und Methoden
Retrospektive Auswertung von 64 Patienten über einen Untersuchungszeitraum von 24 Monaten.

Ergebnisse
Es waren 56 Patienten männlich, 8 weiblich und das mittlere Alter betrug 44 Jahre (SD ± 17). Unfälle im Straßenverkehr waren der führende Grund für die Beckenverletzung. Die Verteilung nach AO-Klassifikation zeigte sich wie folgt: 14-mal B1-, 10-mal B2-, 5‑mal B3-, 23-mal C1-, 9‑mal C2- und 3‑mal C3-Verletzungen. Die Verteilung nach Young und Burgess ergab: 9‑mal APC-I-, 18-mal APC-II-, 13-mal APC-III-, 9‑mal LC-I-, 3‑mal LC-II-, 2‑mal LC-III- und 10-mal VS-Verletzungen. Der mittlere Injury Severity Score (ISS) betrug 32 und die mittlere stationäre Verweildauer 29 Tage (pos. Korrelation p ≤ 0,001). Im Verlauf war eine radiologische Implantatlockerung bei 52 Patienten nachweisbar. Therapierelevante Komplikationen gab es in 14 Fällen. Hierbei war das Implantatversagen (n = 8) der Hauptgrund für eine operative Revision.

Diskussion
Obwohl die radiologische Implantatlockerung häufig beobachtet wird, ist sie nur selten Grund für einen Revisionseingriff. Kommt es hingegen zum vollständigen Implantatversagen, tritt dies meist innerhalb der ersten postoperativen Wochen auf und ist revisionsbedürftig. Eine frühzeitige Abklärung durch Röntgenbildgebung sollte bei Verdacht erfolgen.
Level set topology optimization for design-dependent pressure loads using the reproducing kernel particle method
Authors: Neofytou Andreas , Picelli Renato , Huang Tsung-Hui , Chen Jiun-Shyan , Kim H. Alicia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a level set topology optimization method in combination with the reproducing kernel particle method (RKPM) for the design of structures subjected to design-dependent pressure loads. RKPM allows for arbitrary particle placement in discretization and approximation of unknowns. This attractive property in combination with the implicit boundary representation given by the level set method provides an effective framework to handle the design-dependent loads by moving the particles on the pressure boundary without the need of remeshing or special numerical treatments. Moreover, the reproducing kernel (RK) smooth approximation allows for the Young’s modulus to be interpolated using the RK shape functions. This is another advantage of the proposed method as it leads to a smooth Young’s modulus distribution for smooth boundary sensitivity calculation which yields a better convergence. Numerical results show good agreement with those in the literature.
The impact of global warming and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation on seasonal precipitation extremes in Australia
Authors: Delage François P. D. , Power Scott B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) drives substantial variability in precipitation and drought risk over Australia. Understanding the combined effect of anthropogenic forcing and ENSO on Australian precipitation extremes over the coming century can assist adaptation efforts. Here we use 24 CMIP5 climate models to examine externally forced changes in the frequency of “droughts”, when precipitation falls below the pre-industrial Decile 1 threshold. We focus on June to November (i.e., southern hemisphere Winter–Spring season) because precipitation during this period is important for agricultural production and recharging reservoirs in many parts of the country. The analysis in this paper is based on two 90-year simulations (1900–1989 and 2010–2099) for Historical and RCP8.5 scenarios. We show that the frequency of droughts, including droughts occurring in consecutive Winter–Spring seasons, is projected to increase in the twenty-first century under the RCP8.5 scenario in all eight Natural Resource Management (NRM) “clusters”. Approximately 60% of years are projected to be drought years in Perth, 35% in Adelaide, 30% in Melbourne, and approximately 20–25% of years in Sydney, Canberra and Brisbane. The relative frequency distributions of seasonally averaged Winter–Spring precipitation shift to lower values in all NRM clusters. However, apart from the Southern and Southwestern Flatlands, the shifts are accompanied by changes in the shape of the distributions whereby the high end of the distributions do not shift as much as other parts of the distribution and the wettest seasons become marginally wetter. This means that in most locations generally drier conditions are projected to be infrequently punctuated by seasons that are just as wet or wetter than the wettest years experienced during the twentieth century. While the models generally do a poor job in simulating ENSO precipitation teleconnections over Australia, an increase in ENSO-driven variability is suggested for the Wet Tropics, the Monsoonal North, the Central Slopes and the Southern and Southwestern Flatlands.
Single-row vs. double-row refixation of the subscapularis tendon after primary anatomic shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Ameziane Yacine , Schneider Kristian Nikolaus , Gosheger Georg , Mischke Annika , Schorn Dominik , Rickert Carolin , Liem Dennis 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe postoperative integrity of the subscapularis tendon after primary anatomical shoulder arthroplasty has a significant effect on postoperative results. A transosseus Single Row Refixation technique (SRR) has shown up to 30% of partial tears in literature, a modified Double Row Refixation technique (DRR) has biomechanically shown a significantly reduced tear rate, but is yet to be proven in a clinical setting. Thus, we compared the SRR to the DRR technique using clinical outcome parameters and ultrasound examination.Materials and methods36 patients (40 shoulders; 20f, 16 m; øage: 66 years) were included in our retrospective cohort study. 20 shoulders were treated with the SRR technique (12f, 8 m; FU ø40.9 months) and 20 with the DRR technique (11f, 9 m; FU ø31.6 months). The SRR was performed with three to five transosseus mattress sutures. DRR consisted of two medial placed transosseus sutures and four laterally placed single tendon-to-tendon sutures. The postoperative subscapularis integrity was evaluated by ultrasound examination, the clinical outcome was assessed with the Constant–Murley Score (CS) and the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Score (ASES).ResultsThe subscapularis tendon was intact in 14 patients (70%) after SRR, whereas 18 patients (90%) treated with the DRR demonstrated a sonographically intact postoperative subscapularis tendon. The CS was 61.4 points in the SRR cohort and 67.3 points in the DRR cohort (p = 0.314). No significant differences were found in both cohorts preoperative (øSRR: 21.3 points; øDRR: 16.2 points,p = 0.720) and postoperative absolute ASES Scores (øSRR: 70.2 points; øDRR: 73.0 points,p = 0.792). However, the DRR cohort showed a statistical tendency to a higher postoperative ASES increase than the SRR cohort (øSRR-ASES increase: 48.9 points; øDRR-ASES increase: 56.8 points,p = 0.067).ConclusionThe results of this study show that application of the DRR technique can significantly reduce the total rate of postoperative subscapularis tears what effects a clinical tendency towards higher ASES improvements and a better range of motion compared to the SRR technique.
Microbial lipid production by oleaginous yeasts grown on Scenedesmus obtusiusculus microalgae biomass hydrolysate
Authors: Younes Samer , Bracharz Felix , Awad Dania , Qoura Farah , Mehlmer Norbert , Brueck Thomas 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Due to increasing oil prices and climate change concerns, biofuels have become increasingly important as potential alternative energy sources. However, the use of arable lands and valuable resources for the production of biofuel feedstock compromises food security and negatively affect the environment. Single cell oils (SCOs), accumulated by oleaginous yeasts, show great promise for efficient production of biofuels. However, the high production costs attributed to feedstocks or raw materials present a major limiting factor. The fermentative conversion of abundant, low-value biomass into microbial oil would alleviate this limitation. Here, we explore the feasibility of utilizing microalgae-based cell residues as feedstock for yeast oil production. We developed an efficient, single‐step enzymatic hydrolysis to generate Scenedesmus obtusiusculus hydrolysate (SH) without thermo-chemical pretreatment. With this eco-friendly process, glucose conversion efficiencies reached 90–100%. Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosus, Cryptococcus curvatus and Rhodosporidium toruloides were cultivated on SH as sole nutrients source. Only C. oleaginosus was able to accumulate intracellular lipids, with a 35% (g lipid/g DCW) content and a yield of 3.6 g/L. Our results demonstrate the potential valorization of algal biomass into desired end-products such as biofuels.

Graphic Abstract
Loss of mitochondrial ClpP, Lonp1, and Tfam triggers transcriptional induction of Rnf213, a susceptibility factor for moyamoya disease
Authors: Key Jana , Maletzko Antonia , Kohli Aneesha , Gispert Suzana , Torres-Odio Sylvia , Wittig Ilka , Heidler Juliana , Bárcena Clea , López-Otín Carlos , Lei Yuanjiu , West A. Phillip , Münch Christian , Auburger Georg 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHuman RNF213, which encodes the protein mysterin, is a known susceptibility gene for moyamoya disease (MMD), a cerebrovascular condition with occlusive lesions and compensatory angiogenesis. Mysterin mutations, together with exposure to environmental trigger factors, lead to an elevated stroke risk since childhood. Mysterin is induced during cell stress, to function as cytosolic AAA+ ATPase and ubiquitylation enzyme. Little knowledge exists, in which context mysterin is needed. Here, we found that genetic ablation of several mitochondrial matrix factors, such as the peptidase ClpP, the transcription factor Tfam, as well as the peptidase and AAA+ ATPase Lonp1, potently induces Rnf213 transcript expression in various organs, in parallel with other components of the innate immune system. Mostly in mouse fibroblasts and human endothelial cells, the Rnf213 levels showed prominent upregulation upon Poly(I:C)-triggered TLR3-mediated responses to dsRNA toxicity, as well as upon interferon gamma treatment. Only partial suppression of Rnf213 induction was achieved by C16 as an antagonist of PKR (dsRNA-dependent protein kinase). Since dysfunctional mitochondria were recently reported to release immune-stimulatory dsRNA into the cytosol, our results suggest that mysterin becomes relevant when mitochondrial dysfunction or infections have triggered RNA-dependent inflammation. Thus, MMD has similarities with vasculopathies that involve altered nucleotide processing, such as Aicardi-Goutières syndrome or systemic lupus erythematosus. Furthermore, in MMD, the low penetrance of RNF213 mutations might be modified by dysfunctions in mitochondria or the TLR3 pathway.
Logic-based specification and verification of homogeneous dynamic multi-agent systems
Authors: De Masellis Riccardo , Goranko Valentin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe develop a logic-based framework for formal specification and algorithmic verification ofhomogeneousanddynamicconcurrent multi-agent transition systems. Homogeneity means that all agents have the same available actions at any given state and the actions have the same effects regardless of which agents perform them. The state transitions are therefore determined only by the vector of numbers of agents performing each action and are specified symbolically, by means of conditions on these numbers definable in Presburger arithmetic. The agents are divided intocontrollable(by the system supervisor/controller) anduncontrollable, representing the environment or adversary. Dynamicity means that the numbers of controllable and uncontrollable agents may vary throughout the system evolution, possibly at every transition. As a language for formal specification we use a suitably extended version of Alternating-time Temporal Logic, where one can specify properties of the type “a coalition of (at least)ncontrollable agents can ensure against (at most)muncontrollable agents that any possible evolution of the system satisfies a given objective$$\gamma$$γ″, where$$\gamma$$γis specified again as a formula of that language and each ofnandmis either a fixed number or a variable that can be quantified over. We provide formal semantics to our logic$${\mathcal {L}}_{\textsc {hdmas}}$$LHDMASand define normal form of its formulae. We then prove that every formula in$${\mathcal {L}}_{\textsc {hdmas}}$$LHDMASis equivalent in the finite to one in a normal form and develop an algorithm for global model checking of formulae in normal form in finite HDMAS models, which invokes model checking truth of Presburger formulae. We establish worst case complexity estimates for the model checking algorithm and illustrate it on a running example.
Variation in trophic niches of oribatid mites in temperate forest ecosystems as indicated by neutral lipid fatty acid patterns
Authors: Maraun Mark , Augustin Dana , Pollierer Melanie M. , Scheu Stefan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractShifting of trophic niches of soil microarthropods may allow them to adapt to changing resource conditions as induced by global change processes. However, the capability of microarthropods to shift their trophic niches is little studied. Whereas some studies based on stable isotopes (15N/13C) point to distinct and narrow trophic niches, others indicate that trophic niches are plastic. Here, we investigated shifts in trophic niches of oribatid mites (Oribatida, Acari), a major soil detritivore microarthropod group, due to forest management, i.e., plantation of beech and spruce forests in Central Europe, using neutral lipid fatty acid (NLFA) markers. Due to differential microbial communities, we expected a fungi-based diet of oribatid mites in beech forest, but more bacterial contributions to the diet in spruce forest. Supporting these hypotheses, NLFA markers indicated that the trophic niches of each of the studied oribatid mite species differed between beech and spruce forests and shifted from feeding predominantly on litter and fungi in beech forest to more intensively feeding on bacteria in spruce forest. Oribatid mite species with the most pronounced differences in trophic niches includedAchipteria coleoptrata,Eupelops hirtus,Eupelops plicatusandLiacarus xylariae, which had been classified as primary or secondary decomposers in previous studies. Overall, the results indicate that the ability of oribatid mite species to colonize different habitats and ecosystems is due to their ability to adjust their diet, i.e., to trophic plasticity. Changes in trophic niches in each of the studied oribatid mite species suggest that detritivores in soil may better cope with future changes in environmental conditions and associated changes in resource composition than species above the ground.
Impact of vegetation harvesting on nutrient removal and plant biomass quality in wetland buffer zones
Authors: Jabłońska E. , Winkowska M. , Wiśniewska M. , Geurts J. , Zak D. , Kotowski W. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFertiliser use in agriculture increases the non-point pollution of waters with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Wetland buffer zones (WBZs) are wetland ecosystems between agricultural lands and water bodies that protect surface waters from non-point source pollution. We assessed how vegetation harvesting within WBZs impacts their N and P removal efficiency, nutrient uptake by plants and their biomass quality. We surveyed vegetation of a spontaneously rewetted fen along a small river in Poland, and analysed plant biomass, its nutrient contents and nutrient-leaching potential and the water chemistry. Total N removal reached 34–92% and total P removal 17–63%. N removal was positively related to the initial N concentration, regardless of mowing status. We found a high N removal efficiency (92%) in the harvested site. Vegetation of mown sites differed from that of unmown sites by a higher water-leached carbon and P contents in the biomass. We found that vegetation harvesting may stimulate the overall N removal, but may increase potential biomass decomposability, which eases the recycling of plant-incorporated nutrients back to WBZ. Thus, mowing should always be followed by the removal of biomass. Neglecting already mown WBZs may temporarily lower their nutrient removal efficiency due to potentially faster decomposition of plant biomass.
Epigenetics impacts upon prognosis and clinical management of choroid
plexus tumors
Authors: Thomas Christian , Metrock Katie , Kordes Uwe , Hasselblatt Martin , Dhall Girish 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Choroid plexus tumors comprise of choroid plexus papilloma (CPP, WHO grade I),
atypical choroid plexus papilloma (aCPP, WHO grade II) and choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC, WHO
grade III). Molecular events driving the majority of choroid plexus tumors remain poorly
understood. Recently, DNA methylation profiling has revealed different epigenetic
subgroups.

Methods
Comprehensive review of epigenetic profiles of choroid plexus tumors in the
context of histopathological, genetic, and clinical features.

Summary
DNA methylation profiling segregates choroid plexus tumors into three distinct
epigenetic subgroups: supratentorial pediatric low-risk choroid plexus tumors (CPP and aCPP),
infratentorial adult low-risk choroid plexus tumors (CPP and aCPP), and supratentorial
pediatric high-risk choroid plexus tumors (CPP and aCPP and CPC). Epigenetic subgrouping
provides additional prognostic information in comparison to histopathological grading.

Conclusions
Epigenetic profiling of choroid plexus tumors can be used for the
identification of patients at risk of recurrence and is expected to play a role for treatment
stratification and patient management in the context of future clinical trials.
Identification and mapping of spatial variations in travel choices through combining structural equation modelling and latent class analysis: findings for Great Britain
Authors: Jahanshahi Kaveh , Jin Ying 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper exploits some latest advances in structural equation modelling and latent class analysis for identification and mapping of the spatial variations in travel choices. The approach controls for a wide range of socioeconomic and demographic variables and changes in car fuel prices. The research is focused on employed and self-employed adults, and the method can be readily extended to cover other travellers where such needs arise. The developed methodology enables us to overcome some of the persistent issues that have in the past prevented researchers making a full use of highly correlated and endogenous variables found in good-quality, comprehensive travel surveys at the national or metropolitan scales. Empirical findings from an application of the methodology for Great Britain provide a precise geographical classification of neighbourhoods areas across Britain and reveal the extent to which land use and built form influence commuting travel choices, whilst accounting for residents’ self-selection, spatial sorting and endogenous interactions among the explanatory variables. The results are cogent for defining spatially adapted strategies for planning new transport and land use interventions, particularly in areas that are expected to grow the most in the coming decades.
Risk exposures of European cooperative banks: a comparative analysis
Authors: Mare Davide Salvatore , Gramlich Dieter 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis study sheds light on risk exposures of cooperative banks in Austria, Germany and Italy. We investigate how major risk elements of banks in these countries have evolved over time, across countries and institutions. Cooperative banks’ exposure to risk is analyzed looking at aggregate risk categories. In detail, we address the questions of (a) how single risk categories can be assessed in a consistent way, (b) how the different risk categories behaved over time, (c) what factors drive the diverse risks and (d) if there are similarities of risk characteristics for specific clusters of cooperative banks. We find that credit, interest rate and residual risk have a high degree of commonality. Liquidity risk is somehow dissociated from the other categories. Nevertheless, the risk behavior appears to vary over time and for different countries. This feature is relevant for the prudent management of cooperative banks and for the assessment of systemic financial risk.
A decade of research on the genetics of entrepreneurship: a review and view ahead
Authors: Rietveld Cornelius A. , Slob Eric A.W. , Thurik A. Roy 
Published: April 2020

AbstractStudies analyzing the heritability of entrepreneurship indicate that explanations for why people engage in entrepreneurship that ignore genes are incomplete. However, despite promises that were solidly backed up with ex ante power calculations, attempts to identify specific genetic variants underlying the heritable variation in entrepreneurship have until now been unsuccessful. We describe the methodological issues hampering the identification of associations between genetic variants and entrepreneurship, but we also outline why this search will eventually be successful. Nevertheless, we argue that the benefits of using these individual genetic variants for empirical research in the entrepreneurship domain are likely to be small. Instead, the use of summary indices comprising multiple genetic variants, so-called polygenic risk scores, is advocated. In doing so, we stress the caveats associated with applying population-level results to the individual level. By drawing upon the promises of “genoeconomics,” we sketch how the use of genetic information may advance the field of entrepreneurship research.
The Importance of Phobos Sample Return for Understanding the Mars-Moon System
Authors: Usui Tomohiro , Bajo Ken-ichi , Fujiya Wataru , Furukawa Yoshihiro , Koike Mizuho , Miura Yayoi N. , Sugahara Haruna , Tachibana Shogo , Takano Yoshinori , Kuramoto Kiyoshi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPhobos and Deimos occupy unique positions both scientifically and programmatically on the road to the exploration of the solar system. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) plans a Phobos sample return mission (MMX: Martian Moons eXploration). The MMX spacecraft is scheduled to be launched in 2024, orbit both Phobos and Deimos (multiple flybys), and retrieve and return >10 g of Phobos regolith back to Earth in 2029. The Phobos regolith represents a mixture of endogenous Phobos building blocks and exogenous materials that contain solar system projectiles (e.g., interplanetary dust particles and coarser materials) and ejecta from Mars and Deimos. Under the condition that the representativeness of the sampling site(s) is guaranteed by remote sensing observations in the geologic context of Phobos, laboratory analysis (e.g., mineralogy, bulk composition, O-Cr-Ti isotopic systematics, and radiometric dating) of the returned sample will provide crucial information about the moon’s origin: capture of an asteroid or in-situ formation by a giant impact. If Phobos proves to be a captured object, isotopic compositions of volatile elements (e.g., D/H,13C/12C,15N/14N) in inorganic and organic materials will shed light on both organic-mineral-water/ice interactions in a primitive rocky body originally formed in the outer solar system and the delivery process of water and organics into the inner rocky planets.