bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospektive Querschnittsstudie von bundesweiten Arzneiverordnungsdaten und vertragsärztlichen Abrechnungsdaten von Morbus Wilson
Authors: Janka Simone-Svea , Bätzing Jörg , Laux Gunter , Holstiege Jakob , Wahler Steffen , Merle Uta , Mehrabi Arianeb , Mohr Isabelle , Weiss Karl Heinz , Mieth Markus 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einführung In diesem Beitrag wird die Prävalenz der Erkrankung „Morbus Wilson“ in Deutschland auf der Grundlage von bundesweiten Arzneiverordnungsdaten und vertragsärztlichen Abrechnungsdaten ermittelt und in ein Verhältnis zu der in Deutschland ermittelten Verordnungshäufigkeit gesetzt.
Methodik Für die deskriptive Darstellung der Abrechnungsdaten wird die Datenbank des Zentralinstituts für die kassenärztliche Versorgung (Zi) genutzt. Weiterhin liegen Daten des Statistischen Bundesamts über die stationäre Behandlung vor.
Ergebnisse Auffällig ist die Differenz zwischen den Prävalenzen der therapierten Patienten und der ermittelten gesicherten Diagnosen. Die Prävalenz insgesamt steigt. Die ermittelte Inzidenz und die Betrachtung der Dynamik der Patientenpopulation könnten möglicherweise auf eine hohe Fehldiagnostikrate im ersten Erkrankungsjahr schließen lassen. Nach Datenlage ist die hepatische Verlaufsform die häufigere diagnostizierte Verlaufsform. Die humangenetische Diagnose steigt im Durchschnitt am deutlichsten an.
Schlagwörter Morbus Wilson, Prävalenz, Inzidenz, Trientine, Trientintetrahydrochlorid, D-Penicillamin, Zinkacetat, Zink
The moderating impact of maturation on acute neuromuscular and psycho‐physiological responses to simulated soccer activity in academy soccer players
Authors: Salter Jamie , De Ste Croix Mark B.A. , Hughes Jonathan D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractResource constraints complicate load monitoring practices in some academies, which is problematic based on load‐injury associations surrounding periods of rapid non‐linear growth. Limited research has explored relationships between maturation and perceived psycho‐physiological response to activity and associated neuromuscular performance changes. This study aimed to quantify neuromuscular and psycho‐physiological responses to standardised activity and analyse whether dose‐responses were moderated by maturation. Fifty‐seven male soccer players (age: 14.1 ± 0.9 years; stature: 165 ± 10 cm; body mass, 57 ± 9 kg; percentage of predicted adult height 92.7 ± 5%) from two Elite Player Performance Plan (EPPP) academies completed the youth soccer‐specific aerobic fitness test (Y‐SAFT60). Countermovement jump (CMJ), reactive strength index (RSI), absolute (ABS) and relative leg stiffness (REL) were measured pre–post the Y‐SAFT60 with playerload (PL), heart rate (HR), total distance (TDist) and differential ratings of perceived exertion (dRPE) used as markers of load and intensity. A moderation model was employed to analyse interactions of maturation as a continuous variable. Analysis indicated no significant interaction (p <0.05) between maturation and neuromuscular performance but RPE‐Technical demonstrated significant interactions (p = 0.01). Slope analysis indicated four variables (PL, RSI, ABS and REL) that demonstrated significance at various stages of maturation, most notably aligning with peak height velocity (∼87–96% PAH). Tentatively, we propose that maturational developments in the neuromuscular system offer some mechanistic explanation to the varied dose‐responses observed. It is therefore important that maturation is habitually considered within prescription of training programmes and that further empirical studies are completed to determine maturity specific dose‐responses.
The importance of socioeconomic conditions in mitigating climate change impacts and achieving Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Liu Jing-Yu , Fujimori Shinichiro , Takahashi Kiyoshi , Hasegawa Tomoko , Wu Wenchao , Geng Yong , Takakura Jun’ya , Masui Toshihiko 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Actions tackling with climate change can cause co-benefits and trade-offs with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) concerned with air pollution, water scarcity, food security, land use, and sustainable energy. Such interactions can be greatly influenced by socioeconomic conditions. The impacts of socioeconomic conditions on multiple SDGs have not been evaluated separately from climate policies. This paper employs a Representative Concentration Pathways–Shared Socio-economic Pathways (RCP-SSP) framework and the Asia-Pacific Integrated Model/computable general equilibrium (AIM/CGE) integrated assessment model to identify the global multi-sectoral consequences of socioeconomic conditions through 2050 under future SSP scenarios. Results show that changes of socioeconomic conditions consistent with the SSP1 pathway could always improve SDG indicators, with or without climate policies. In many respects, socioeconomic conditions are more important than climate policies in achieving SDGs, particularly SDGs concerned with food security and energy affordability, as well as in simultaneously achieving multiple SDGs. We conclude that the advantages of a joint effort to implement climate policies and promulgate socioeconomic changes should be recognized by policy makers.
Study of some rheological properties of niosomal dispersions of various concentrations based on PEG-12 dimethicone
Authors: Vecher O V , Diskaeva E I , Bazikov I A , Elbekyan K S , Diskaeva E N 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In recent decades, the creation of new pharmaceutical targeted drug delivery has become widespread. In this regard, various carriers of medicinal substances have been developed. It is worthy to note that niosomes are more prospective in comparison with other carrier, because they are not susceptible to oxidation and they have delayed clearance, thus providing high therapeutic performance. This study aims to investigate some rheological properties of niosomal dispersion and the analysed dependence of viscosity coefficient on volume concentration. The results demonstrated that for low concentrations of niosomal dispersions, the dynamic viscosity coefficient can be estimated using the Einstein’s equation with the introduction of a correction factor, the value of which at an average diameter of 90–100 nm and a zeta potential of 49.5–54.5 mV is 0.04–0.05. It is wished that our work would be helpful to fully understand the structure of niosome aggregates, which are considered to play an important role in viscosity and are affected by both intermolecular and electrostatic forces. With increasing particle concentration and decreasing average distance between aggregates, the particles at the surface of different aggregates attract each other and a less compact aggregation structure is formed. The measured relationships between size, ζ-potential, and the relative viscosities of dispersions show that the relative viscosities decrease with decreasing absolute value of ζ-potential, which further reveals the effect of electrical repulsion forces on the structure of aggregates.
Regularity of weak solutions to higher order elliptic systems in critical dimensions
Authors: Guo Chang-Yu , Xiang Chang-Lin 
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we develop an elementary and unified treatment, in the spirit of Rivière and Struwe (Comm. Pure. Appl. Math. 2008), to explore regularity of weak solutions of higher order geometric elliptic systems in critical dimensions without using conservation law. As a result, we obtain an interior Hölder continuity for solutions of the higher order elliptic system of de Longueville and Gastel in critical dimensions

Δ

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=

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−
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V

i

,
d
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+

∑

i
=
0

k
−
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i

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(

w

i

d
u
)

in

B

2
k

,

\begin{equation*} \Delta ^{k}u=\sum _{i=0}^{k-1}\Delta ^{i}\left \langle V_{i},du\right \rangle +\sum _{i=0}^{k-2}\Delta ^{i}\delta \left (w_{i}du\right ) \quad \text {in } B^{2k}, \end{equation*}

under critical regularity assumptions on the coefficient functions. This verifies an expectation of Rivière, and provides an affirmative answer to an open question of Struwe in dimension four when

k
=
2

k=2

. The Hölder continuity is also an improvement of the continuity result of Lamm and Rivière and de Longueville and Gastel.
Disruption of the Diurnal Cortisol Hormone Pattern by Pesticide Use in a Longitudinal Study of Farmers in Thailand
Authors: Kongtip Pornpimol , Nankongnab Noppanun , Kallayanatham Nichcha , Pengpumkiat Sumate , Gore Rebecca , Pundee Ritthirong , Konthonbut Pajaree , Woskie Susan R 
Published: November 2020

Abstracts
Alteration of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis hormones has been associated with a range of chronic metabolic and cardiovascular health conditions. This study evaluated whether type of farming (organic versus conventional) or the number of self-reported days of spraying pesticides in the past 8 months was associated with diurnal cortisol levels. Salivary cortisol levels were measured four times a day (waking, 30 min after waking, 6 h after waking and bedtime) longitudinally, 8 months apart during three rounds of data collection. Pesticide using (conventional) and organic farmers were recruited to participate. Pesticide use in the previous 8 months was determined as the number of spray days for each type of pesticide used (herbicide, insecticide, fungicide) from self-reported questionnaires. Estimates of cortisol levels at four time points, the cortisol awakening response (CAR), and the diurnal cortisol slope (DCS) were estimated with a longitudinal mixed model that accounted for the non-linearity of cortisol levels across the day. Conventional farmers had significantly lower cortisol levels at waking than organic farmers (3.39 versus 3.86 ng ml−1), 30 min after waking (5.87 versus 6.96 ng ml−1), 6 h after waking (1.62 versus 1.88 ng ml−1), and lower diurnal cortisol slope (−2.26 versus −2.51 ng ml−1). Farmers who frequently applied herbicides (90th percentile of the number of spray days in the past 8 months) had significantly lower waking, 30 min after waking, 6 h after waking, bedtime and diurnal cortisol slopes compared with those with no spray days of herbicide in the past 8 months (organic and some of the conventional farmers). Those who frequently applied insecticides in the past 8 months had significantly lower bedtime levels and diurnal cortisol slopes, compared with those with no spray days of insecticide in the past 8 months. There were no significant differences in cortisol hormones between those who frequently applied fungicides and those who did not spray fungicides. Repeated pesticide use appears to be disrupting the HPA axis and depressing the normal diurnal cortisol rhythm among conventional Thai farmers.
Decline of Amateur Lepidoptera Collectors Threatens the Future of Specimen-Based Research
Authors: Fischer Erica E , Cobb Neil S , Kawahara Akito Y , Zaspel Jennifer M , Cognato Anthony I 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAmateur butterfly and moth collectors in the United States have procured more Lepidoptera specimens than professional scientists. The advent of large government-supported database efforts has made a quantitative examination of the impact of amateur collecting of these insects possible. We reviewed trends in Lepidoptera collecting since 1800, using more than 1 million United States lepidopteran specimens that have been collected into public databases. Our findings show a steep rise in the collection of specimens after World War II, followed by a short plateau and sharp decline in the late 1990s. In contrast, the rate of observations submitted to database groups dramatically increased around 2005. Declining acquisition of Lepidoptera specimens may compromise critically important testing of contemporary and future ecological, conservation, and evolutionary hypotheses on a grand scale, particularly given documented declines in insect populations. We suggest that increasing collaboration between professional and community-based scientists could alleviate the decline in amateur-collected specimens.
Underlying mechanisms of development: pollen wall ontogeny inChloranthus japonicusand a reconsideration of pollen ontogeny in early-diverging lineages of angiosperms
Authors: Gabarayeva Nina I , Polevova Svetlana V , Grigorjeva Valentina V , Hiscock Simon J 
Published: November 2020

AbstractDespite the large amount of knowledge accumulated, a precise understanding of the morphogenesis of the intricate and complex pollen walls (exines) is incomplete. A new factor (simple physico-chemical interactions) is shown to be involved in exine development. The stages of exine development in many species show remarkable similarity with successive micellar self-assembling mesophases of a colloidal system. Currently, &gt; 100 genes have been reported to play a role in exine deposition, but nothing contradicts the view that specific patterns of exines are based on physico-chemical principles of space-filling operations taking place after genomic control of the concentrations of the source materials. On the examples of Chloranthus japonicus, magnoliids and other early-diverging angiosperms we show that exine development unfolds by two physico-chemical processes (phase separation and self-assembly) after genomic control, revealing an interplay between genomic and physical processes.
Fronto-temporal dementia risk gene TMEM106B has opposing effects in different lysosomal storage disorders
Authors: Perez-Canamas Azucena , Takahashi Hideyuki , Lindborg Jane A , Strittmatter Stephen M 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
TMEM106B is a transmembrane protein localized to the endo-lysosomal compartment. Genome-wide association studies have identified TMEM106B as a risk modifier of Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration, especially with progranulin haploinsufficiency. We recently demonstrated that TMEM106B loss rescues progranulin null mouse phenotypes including lysosomal enzyme dysregulation, neurodegeneration and behavioural alterations. However, the reason whether TMEM106B is involved in other neurodegenerative lysosomal diseases is unknown. Here, we evaluate the potential role of TMEM106B in modifying the progression of lysosomal storage disorders using progranulin-independent models of Gaucher disease and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. To study Gaucher disease, we employ a pharmacological approach using the inhibitor conduritol B epoxide in wild-type and hypomorphic Tmem106b−/− mice. TMEM106B depletion ameliorates neuronal degeneration and some behavioural abnormalities in the pharmacological model of Gaucher disease, similar to its effect on certain progranulin null phenotypes. In order to examine the role of TMEM106B in neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, we crossbred Tmem106b−/− mice with Ppt1−/−, a genetic model of the disease. In contrast to its conduritol B epoxide-rescuing effect, TMEM106B loss exacerbates Purkinje cell degeneration and motor deficits in Ppt1−/− mice. Mechanistically, TMEM106B is known to interact with subunits of the vacuolar ATPase and influence lysosomal acidification. In the pharmacological Gaucher disease model, the acidified lysosomal compartment is enhanced and TMEM106B loss rescues in vivo phenotypes. In contrast, gene-edited neuronal loss of Ppt1 causes a reduction in vacuolar ATPase levels and impairment of the acidified lysosomal compartment, and TMEM106B deletion exacerbates the mouse Ppt1−/− phenotype. Our findings indicate that TMEM106B differentially modulates the progression of the lysosomal storage disorders Gaucher disease and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. The effect of TMEM106B in neurodegeneration varies depending on vacuolar ATPase state and modulation of lysosomal pH. These data suggest TMEM106B as a target for correcting lysosomal pH alterations, and in particular for therapeutic intervention in Gaucher disease and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis.
County-level Predictors of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases and Deaths in the United States: What Happened, and Where Do We Go from Here?
Authors: McLaughlin John M , Khan Farid , Pugh Sarah , Angulo Frederick J , Schmitt Heinz-Josef , Isturiz Raul E , Jodar Luis , Swerdlow David L 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
The United States has been heavily impacted by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Understanding microlevel patterns in US rates of COVID-19 can inform specific prevention strategies.

Methods
Using a negative binomial mixed-effects regression model, we evaluated the associations between a broad set of US county-level sociodemographic, economic, and health status–related characteristics and cumulative rates of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and deaths between 22 January 2020 and 31 August 2020.

Results
Rates of COVID-19 cases and deaths were higher in US counties that were more urban or densely populated or that had more crowded housing, air pollution, women, persons aged 20–49 years, racial/ethnic minorities, residential housing segregation, income inequality, uninsured persons, diabetics, or mobility outside the home during the pandemic.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, this study provides results from the most comprehensive multivariable analysis of county-level predictors of rates of COVID-19 cases and deaths conducted to date. Our findings make clear that ensuring that COVID-19 preventive measures, including vaccines when available, reach vulnerable and minority communities and are distributed in a manner that meaningfully disrupts transmission (in addition to protecting those at highest risk of severe disease) will likely be critical to stem the pandemic.
Does compensation strategy instruction work? An action research study
Authors: Gül Peker Benâ , Erdemir Nihan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis collaborative action research study aimed to explore if and to what extent compensation strategy instruction (CSI) can improve the communicative competence of learners of EFL who mainly use L1 in classroom speaking activities. Designed by a university professor and an EFL instructor working at a state university in Turkey, the study was conducted with B1-level learners, aged 17–18, studying at the English Language Centre of the university. The study followed an action research intervention framework. In the second cycle of the intervention process, instruction in affective strategy use was provided in response to the emerging need for dealing with learners’ anxiety and stress. The findings indicate that learners can be taught how to use compensation strategies and that CSI may be useful for improving learners’ communicative competence in a speaking class. However, affective factors, if not addressed, can hinder learners’ effective use of compensation strategies.
Association between health literacy and colorectal cancer screening behaviors in adults in Northwestern Turkey
Authors: Pancar Nuket , Mercan Yeliz 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn this study, aimed to determine the frequency of participation in colorectal cancer (CRC) screenings, the factors affecting participation and the association between CRC screening behaviors and health literacy (HL).MethodsThis community-based cross-sectional study was carried out with 408 people residing in Kirklareli, a province in Northwestern Turkey, between August and November 2019.ResultsCRC screenings participation prevalence was 21.1%. Of them, 17.2% participated in fecal occult blood tests (FOBT) screenings, 7.6% participated in colonoscopy screenings, and 86.5% had inadequate or limited-problematic HL. According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the likelihood of not participating in CRC screenings was high in the participants who worked at a paid job (OR: 3.001, 95% CI: 1.018–8.850), who did not do any physical activity regularly (OR: 2.516, 95% CI: 1.251–5.060), who were not aware of the presence of an early diagnosis test for CRC (OR: 32.613, 95% CI: 13.338–79.742), who did not have a person having had CRC screening in their immediate environment (OR: 3.562, 95% CI: 1.752–7.240) and who had sufficient or excellent HL (OR: 3.324, 95% CI: 1.128–9.796). According to adjusted for some characteristics, there was no significant association between participation in CRC screenings and THLS-sub-dimensions and THLS-processes (P&gt;0.05).ConclusionsParticipation in CRC screenings was low, and those with a high HL level were more likely not to participate in CRC screenings. Working status, knowledge and awareness levels affected the participation to CRC screenings. To encourage people to participate in screenings and to improve their HL, awareness-raising attempts for target groups should be increased.
Agrobacterium fabrum C58 involved nitrate reductase NapA and antisense RNA NorR to denitrify
Authors: Lecomte Solène , Nesme Xavier , Franzino Théophile , Villard Camille , Pivard Mariane , Vial Ludovic , Doré Jeanne , Hommais Florence , Haichar Feth el Zahar 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Agrobacterium fabrum C58 is a plant-associated bacterium that is able to denitrify under anoxic conditions. The cluster of denitrification genes harbored by this strain has been well characterized. It includes nir and nor operons encoding nitrite and nitric oxide reductases, respectively. However, the reductase involved in nitrate reduction has not yet been studied and little information is available on denitrification regulators in A. fabrum C58. In this study, we aimed to (i) characterize the nitrate reductase, (ii) determine its role in A. fabrum C58 fitness and root colonization and (ii) reveal the contribution of small RNA on denitrification regulation. By constructing a mutant strain defective for napA, we demonstrated that the reduction of nitrate to nitrite was catalyzed by the periplasmic nitrate reductase, NapA. We evidenced a positive role of NapA in A. fabrum C58 fitness and suggested that A. fabrum C58 is able to use components exuded by plant roots to respire anaerobically. Here, we showed that NorR small RNA increased the level of norCBQ mRNA and a decrease of NorR is correlated with a decrease in N2O emission. Together, our results underscore the importance of understanding the denitrification pathway at the strain level in order to develop strategies to mitigate N2O production at the microbial community level.
The native acyltransferase-coding genes DGA1 and DGA2 affect lipid accumulation in Blastobotrys raffinosifermentans differently when overexpressed
Authors: Sanya Daniel Ruben Akiola , Onesime Djamila , Kunze Gotthard , Neuveglise Cécile , Crutz-Le Coq Anne-Marie 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Blastobotrys raffinosifermentans is an ascomycetous yeast with biotechnological applications, recently shown to be an oleaginous yeast accumulating lipids under nitrogen limitation. Diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGATs) act in the lipid storage pathway, in the last step of triacylglycerol biosynthesis. Two DGAT families are widespread in eukaryotes. We first checked that B. raffinosifermentans strain LS3 possessed both types of DGAT, and we then overexpressed the native DGAT-encoding genes, DGA1 and DGA2, separately or together. DGA2 (from the DGAT1 family) overexpression was sufficient to increase lipid content significantly in LS3, to up to 26.5% of dry cell weight (DCW), 1.6 times the lipid content of the parental strain (16.90% of DCW) in glucose medium under nitrogen limitation. By contrast, DGA1 (of the DGAT2 type) overexpression led to a large increase (up to 140-fold) in the amount of the corresponding transcript, but had no effect on overall lipid content relative to the parental strain. Analysis of the expression of the native genes over time in the parental strain revealed that DGA2 transcript levels quadrupled between 8 and 24 h in the N-limited lipogenic medium, whereas DGA1 transcript levels remained stable. This survey highlights the predominant role of the DGAT1 family in lipid accumulation and demonstrates the suitability of B. raffinosifermentans for engineering for lipid production.