bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the relationship between melatonin levels, melatonin system, microbiota composition and bipolar disorder psychopathology across the different phases of the disease
Authors: Manchia Mirko , Squassina Alessio , Pisanu Claudia , Congiu Donatella , Garzilli Mario , Guiso Beatrice , Suprani Federico , Paribello Pasquale , Pulcinelli Vittoria , Iaselli Maria Novella , Pinna Federica , Valtorta Flavia , Carpiniello Bernardo , Comai Stefano 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by recurrent episodes of depression and mania/hypomania alternating with intervals of well-being. The neurobiological underpinnings of BD are still veiled although there is evidence pointing to a malfunction of the circadian clock system that is regulated by the neuromodulator melatonin (MLT). Small sample size studies in BD patients have shown that changes in the levels of MLT are associated with shifts in illness status. Moreover, mood stabilizers (including lithium and valproic acid) influence the MLT system. Of interest, MLT also modulates intestinal microbiota, and recent work suggests an important role of microbiota alterations in neuropsychiatric disorders, including BD. This study is designed to explore whether the possible patterns of associations between changes in the levels of MLT and its precursors and BD mood phases are modulated by variants within the genes encoding for the elements of the MLT system and/or by the microbiota composition.

Methods
We will conduct a 2-year follow-up study in 50 BD patients during the three different mood phases of the disease. For each phase, we will perform a blood withdrawal for the analysis of MLT levels and of variants of the genes related to the MLT pathway between 8 and 10 a.m. after an overnight fasting, a stool specimen collection for the analysis of microbiota composition, and a detailed psychometric assessment for depression, mania, impulsivity and cognitive abilities. We will also recruit 50 healthy age-matched controls in whom we will perform a blood withdrawal between 8 and 10 a.m. after an overnight fasting, a stool specimen collection, and a psychometric assessment to exclude the presence of psychiatric disorders.

Discussion
In this cross sectional (case–control vs. BD comparisons) and longitudinal (24 months) study, we expect to clarify the link between the MLT system, microbiota and BD psychopathology. We expect to identify some typical BD symptomatic clusters that will be more strictly associated with variations in the MLT system. In a personalized medicine perspective, this subgroup of BD patients may benefit from a pharmacological therapy targeting the MLT system.
Trial registration This study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Agency of Cagliari (PG/2019/6277)
Early versus delayed mobilization for in-hospital mortality and health-related quality of life among critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Okada Yohei , Unoki Takeshi , Matsuishi Yujiro , Egawa Yuko , Hayashida Kei , Inoue Shigeaki 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials aimed to investigate the efficacy of early mobilization among critically ill adult patients.

Methods
We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and Igaku-Chuo-Zasshi (a Japanese bibliographic database) databases until April 2019 and included randomized control trials to compare early mobilization started within 1 week of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and earlier-than-usual care with the usual care or mobilization initiated later than the intervention. Two authors independently extracted the data of the included studies and assessed their quality. The primary outcomes were in-hospital mortality, length of ICU/hospital stay, and health-related quality of life (QOL).

Results
Among 1085 titles/abstracts screened, 11 studies (including 1322 patients) were included in the meta-analysis, which was conducted using the random-effects model. The pooled relative risk for in-hospital mortality comparing early mobilization to usual care (control) was 1.12 (95% CI [confidence interval]: 0.80 to 1.58, I2 = 0%). The pooled mean differences for duration of ICU and hospital stay were -1.54 (95% CI: -3.33 to 0.25, I2 = 90%) and -2.86 (95% CI: -5.51 to -0.21, I2 = 85%), respectively. The pooled mean differences at 6 months post-discharge, as measured by the Short Form 36-Item Health Survey and Euro-QOL EQ-5D, were 4.65 (95% CI: -16.13 to 25.43, I2 = 86%) for physical functioning and 0.29 (95% CI: -11.19 to 11.78, I2 = 66%) for the visual analog scale.

Conclusions
Our study indicated no apparent differences between early mobilization and usual care in terms of in-hospital mortality and health-related QOL. Detailed larger studies are warranted to evaluate the impact of early mobilization on in-hospital mortality and health-related QOL in critically ill patients.

Trial registration
PROSPERO (identifier CRD42019139265)
Multidisciplinary treatment of left hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm after hepatobiliary resection for gallbladder cancer: a case report
Authors: Yamamoto Ryusei , Sugiura Teiichi , Okamura Yukiyasu , Ito Takaaki , Yamamoto Yusuke , Ashida Ryo , Ohgi Katsuhisa , Aramaki Takeshi , Uesaka Katsuhiko 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
When a postoperative hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm develops after massive hepatectomy, both an intervention for the pseudoaneurysm and patency of hepatic artery should be considered because occlusion of the residual hepatic artery results in critical liver failure. However, the treatment strategy for a pseudoaneurysm of the hepatic artery after hepatobiliary resection is not well established.

Case presentation
A 65-year-old woman underwent right hepatectomy, extrahepatic duct resection, and portal vein resection, for gallbladder cancer. Although the patient had an uneventful postoperative course, computed tomography on postoperative day 6 showed a 6-mm pseudoaneurysm of the hepatic artery. Angiography revealed the pseudoaneurysm located on the bifurcation of the left hepatic artery to the segment 2 artery plus the segment 3 artery and 4 artery. Stent placement in the left hepatic artery was not feasible because the artery was too narrow, and coiling of the pseudoaneurysm was associated with a risk of occluding the left hepatic artery and inducing critical liver failure. Therefore, portal vein arterialization constructed by anastomosing the ileocecal artery and vein was performed prior to embolization of the pseudoaneurysm to maintain the oxygen level of the remnant liver, even if the left hepatic artery was accidentally occluded. The pseudoaneurysm was selectively embolized without occlusion of the left hepatic artery, and the postoperative laboratory data were within normal limits. Although uncontrollable ascites due to portal hypertension occurred, embolization of the ileocolic shunt rapidly resolved it. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 45.

Conclusion
Portal vein arterialization prior to embolization of the aneurysm may be a feasible therapeutic strategy for a pseudoaneurysm that develops after hepatectomy for hepatobiliary malignancy to guarantee arterial inflow to the remnant liver. Early embolization of arterioportal shunting after confirmation of arterial inflow to the liver should be performed to prevent morbidity induced by portal hypertension.
Liver-Metabolizing Genes and Their Relationship to the Performance of Elite Spanish Male Endurance Athletes; a Prospective Transversal Study
Authors: Varillas Delgado David , Tellería Orriols Juan José , Martín Saborido Carlos 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background
The genetic profile that is needed to define an endurance athlete has been studied during recent years. The main objective of this work is to approach for the first time the study of genetic variants in liver-metabolizing genes and their role in endurance performance by comparing the allelic and genotypic frequencies in elite endurance athletes to the non-athlete population.

Methods
Genotypic and allelic frequencies were determined in 123 elite endurance athletes (75 professional road cyclists and 48 endurance elite runners) and 122 male non-athlete subjects (sedentary). Genotyping of cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 (CYP2D6 rs3892097), glutathione-S transferase mu isoform 1 (GSTM1), glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP rs1695) and glutathione S-transferase theta (GSTT) genes was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The combination of the polymorphisms for the “optimal” polygenic profile has been quantified using the genotype score (GS).

Results
Statistical differences were found in the genetic distributions between elite endurance athletes and non-athletes in CYP2D6 (p < 0.001) and GSTT (p = 0.014) genes. The binary logistic regression model showed a favourable OR (odds ratio) of being an elite endurance runner against a professional road cyclist (OR: 2.403, 95% CI: 1.213–4.760 (p = 0.002)) in the polymorphisms studied.

Conclusions
Genotypic distribution of liver-metabolizing genes in elite endurance athletes is different to non-athlete subjects, with a favourable gene profile in elite endurance athletes in terms of detoxification capacity.
Automatic quantification of superficial foveal avascular zone in optical coherence tomography angiography implemented with deep learning
Authors: Guo Menglin , Zhao Mei , Cheong Allen M. Y. , Dai Houjiao , Lam Andrew K. C. , Zhou Yongjin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAn accurate segmentation and quantification of the superficial foveal avascular zone (sFAZ) is important to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of many retinal diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion. We proposed a method based on deep learning for the automatic segmentation and quantification of the sFAZ in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images with robustness to brightness and contrast (B/C) variations. A dataset of 405 OCTA images from 45 participants was acquired with Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 and the ground truth (GT) was manually segmented subsequently. A deep learning network with an encoder–decoder architecture was created to classify each pixel into an sFAZ or non-sFAZ class. Subsequently, we applied largest-connected-region extraction and hole-filling to fine-tune the automatic segmentation results. A maximum mean dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 0.976 ± 0.011 was obtained when the automatic segmentation results were compared against the GT. The correlation coefficient between the area calculated from the automatic segmentation results and that calculated from the GT was 0.997. In all nine parameter groups with various brightness/contrast, all the DSCs of the proposed method were higher than 0.96. The proposed method achieved better performance in the sFAZ segmentation and quantification compared to two previously reported methods. In conclusion, we proposed and successfully verified an automatic sFAZ segmentation and quantification method based on deep learning with robustness to B/C variations. For clinical applications, this is an important progress in creating an automated segmentation and quantification applicable to clinical analysis.
Randomized, Phase II Study Prospectively Evaluating Treatment of Metastatic Esophageal, Gastric, or Gastroesophageal Cancer by Gene Expression of ERCC1: SWOG S1201
Authors: Iqbal Syma , McDonough Shannon , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Ilson David , Burtness Barbara , Nangia Chaitali S. , Barzi Afsaneh , Schneider Charles J. , Liu Jane Jijun , Dotan Efrat , Guthrie Katherine A. , Hochster Howard S. 
Published: December 2019

PURPOSE Platinum-based therapy is the standard of care in patients who have HER2-negative, advanced esophagogastric cancer (AEGC). Retrospective data suggest that intratumoral ERCC1 levels may determine platinum sensitivity. A randomized, phase II study was performed in patients with AEGC to explore whether the efficacy of a platinum-based therapy with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) versus a non–platinum-containing regimen of irinotecan and docetaxel (IT) differed according to ERCC1 levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS Overall, 202 untreated patients with HER2-negative AEGC and a Zubrod performance status of 0-1 were evaluated prospectively for mRNA expression of ERCC1 level and then randomly assigned to FOLFOX or IT, stratified by the intratumoral statuses of ERCC1 low (< 1.7) or high (≥ 1.7). Objectives were to assess progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in all patients treated with FOLFOX compared with IT, stratified by low and high ERCC1 levels, and to assess for interactive effects between ERCC1 expression and treatment arm. RESULTS Eighty-six percent of patients had ERCC1 values < 1.7. Thus, evaluation of the ERCC1-high subgroup was limited. Grade ≥ 3 anemia, dehydration, diarrhea, and fatigue were greater in patients with IT. Occurrences of grade ≥ 3 neuropathy and decreased neutrophils were greater in patients with FOLFOX. In all patients, FOLFOX had a statistically superior median PFS compared with IT (5.7 v 2.9 months; hazard ratio, 0.68; P = .02). In patients with ERCC1 levels < 1.7 receiving FOLFOX, PFS and response rate were statistically superior to IT, with no significant difference in OS. CONCLUSION The evaluation of ERCC1 in patients with upper GI tumors was thwarted by an overwhelming predominance of low ERCC1 mRNA expression. Nonetheless, distribution of treatment effects on PFS did not vary with expression. For all patients and for those with low ERCC1 expression, FOLFOX was superior in efficacy to IT.
Dynamic Interactions Between LH and Testosterone in Healthy Community-Dwelling Men: Impact of Age and Body Composition
Authors: Roelfsema Ferdinand , Liu Peter Y , Takahashi Paul Y , Yang Rebecca J , Veldhuis Johannes D 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundAging is associated with diminished testosterone (Te) secretion, which may be attributed to Leydig cell dysfunction, decreased pituitary stimulation, and altered Te feedback.ObjectiveTo study all regulatory nodes—gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and Leydig cell—in the same cohort of healthy men.Study DesignThis was a placebo-controlled, blinded, prospectively randomized cross-over study in 40 men, age range 19 to 73 years, and body mass index (BMI) range 20 to 34.3 kg/m2. A submaximal dose of the GnRH antagonist ganirelix was used to assess outflow of GnRH, by calculating the difference between LH output during the control arm and ganirelix arm. Ketoconazole (a steroidogenic inhibitor) was used to estimate feedback, by the difference in LH output during the ketoconazole and control arm. High-dose ganirelix and repeated LH infusions were used to measure testicular responsivity. Blood sampling was performed at 10-minute intervals.ResultsThere were age-related, but not body composition–related decreases in estimated GnRH secretion, the feedback strength of Te on LH, and Leydig cell responsivity to LH, accompanied by changes in approximate entropy. Bioavailable Te levels were negatively related to both age and computed tomography (CT)–estimated abdominal visceral mass (AVF), without interaction between these variables. The LH response to a submaximal dose of GnRH was independent of age and AVF.ConclusionAdvancing age is associated with (1) attenuated bioavailable Te secretion caused by diminished GnRH outflow and not by decreased GnRH responsivity of the gonadotrope, (2) diminished testicular responsivity to infused LH pulses, and (3) partial compensation by diminished Te feedback on central gonadotropic regulation.
Intimidación racial en un colegio del Amazonas, Colombia: exaltando las voces de los niños a través de la narración icónica
Authors: Martínez Torres Carmen Cristina , Rodríguez Burgos Lilian Patricia , Díaz Posada Leidy Evelyn 
Published: December 2019

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender las características de las dinámicas de intimidación racial desde la perspectiva de 20 niños indígenas y colonos de una escuela urbana en Leticia (Amazonas, Colombia). Para ello, se partió de un enfoque cualitativo, haciendo uso de un diseño fenomenológico, y se emplearon dos instrumentos: guías de entrevista semiestructurada y un conjunto de 9 viñetas diseñadas para generar narraciones icónicas. El material recopilado se analizó a través del software Nvivo, clasificando datos en factores de riesgo, redes de apoyo, estrategias de afrontamiento, refuerzos y consecuencias de situaciones generadoras de agresión. Los resultados permiten confirmar que el proceso de intimidación es dinámico y tiene varios actores que participan en diferentes escenarios, con una amplia variedad de factores. En suma, cabe destacar que se fue más allá de investigaciones tradicionales que se han centrado en caracterizar a la víctima y al victimario, mostrándose el rol de otros actores y posibles riesgos para las culturas étnicas en el Amazonas. Por último, se discuten líneas de investigación e intervención que pueden ser exploradas.
Ateliê de pintura com idosos acolhidos: uma perspectiva sociocultural do curso de vida
Authors: Yokoy Tatiana , Souza Guedes Daiane 
Published: December 2019

Apesar do envelhecimento populacional, especialmente acentuado no contexto latinoamericano, ainda são poucas as pesquisas sobre esta etapa da vida e precárias as políticas públicas relacionadas à velhice. Os objetivos deste estudo foram discutir a cidadania de idosos que enfrentam situação de rua e/ou vivenciam acolhimento institucional no Brasil e problematizar a formação de psicólogos para atuar junto à população de idosos. Para isso, evidenciamos as transformações desenvolvimentais de idosos que participaram de atividades de pesquisa e extensão em um serviço de acolhimento institucional em Brasília, Brasil. A metodologia envolveu um ateliê de pintura, exposições em espaços públicos e entrevistas, com a mediação de recursos artísticos e narrativas autobiográficas. A psicologia sociocultural do curso de vida foi utilizada como fundamentação para analisar as mudanças no desenvolvimento dos acolhidos. Os idosos realizaram novas aprendizagens, ocorreram transformações identitárias e novos projetos de futuro foram construídos. Apontamos a necessidade de mudanças na formação de psicólogos, a fim de melhor qualificar sua atuação nas políticas públicas orientadas para a garantia de direitos de idosos.
O estudo das migrações a partir da Psicologia Social: Uma perspectiva crítica
Authors: Miranda Suélen Cristina de 
Published: December 2019

A partir da perspectiva da chamada "Psicologia Social Crítica", este artigo toma como base o sintagma identidade-metamorfose-emancipação, desenvolvido por Antônio da Costa Ciampa, para discutir a necessária desnaturalização do termo migrante, cuja vivência singular sempre será atravessada por referências de classe, gênero, raça/etnicidade e nacionalidade. Explicita-se o imperativo de um deslocamento de olhar do processo migratório em si para o migrante que, enquanto sujeito, atribui significados e sentidos particulares aos diversos condicionamentos a que está exposto a partir de suas histórias e projetos de vida. Em vista disso, o presente trabalho propõe um enfoque que supere as dicotomias existentes entre as abordagens micro e macroestruturais, considerando a percepção singular do migrante com relação às determinações históricas, políticas, econômicas, sociais e culturais envolvidas tanto no lugar de origem quanto de destino. Para tanto, foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica acerca das contribuições históricas de alguns importantes autores da temática migratória, além da diferenciação entre as principais teorias desenvolvidas sobre esse fenômeno, para que seja possível a compreensão da abordagem proposta e sua relação com os estudos migratórios.
Da escrita ao toque: Elaborando experiências traumáticas com tutores de resiliência
Authors: Pereira Arthur Teixeira , Ponciano Edna Lúcia Tinoco 
Published: December 2019

Smith, R., Halfon, L., Malkovich, J. (Produtores), & Chbosky, S. (Diretor). (2012). As vantagens de ser invisível [DVD]. São Paulo: Paris Filmes.
Pesquisa Quantitativa e/ou Qualitativa: distanciamentos, aproximações e possibilidades
Authors: Mussi Ricardo Franklin de Freitas , Mussi Leila Maria Prates Teixeira , Assunção Emerson Tadeu Cotrim , Nunes Claudio Pinto 
Published: December 2019

A preocupação humana com a apreensão/compreensão da realidade no campo acadêmico-científico passa pela problemática de como abordar o objeto de maneira coerente e quais critérios teóricos-metodológicos podem/devem ser assumidos pelo pesquisador para o ótimo desenvolvimento da investigação. Neste sentido, o presente texto objetiva discutir as principais características das abordagens de pesquisa quantitativa e qualitativa. Metodologicamente trata-se de um estudo teórico, apresentado por meio do gênero acadêmico ensaio, pautado em incursões na literatura pertinente. O manuscrito apresenta as bases teórico-práticas que discursivizam as noções das abordagens de pesquisas qualitativa e quantitativa. Na primeira perspectiva o investigador supõe um universo de objetos comparáveis entre si, com enfoque nos indicadores numéricos. No segundo caso assumi-se um universo de sentidos, significados, motivos, aspirações, crenças, valores e atitudes focado nas relações, nos processos e nos fenômenos. Assim, as análises sinalizam que não há, necessariamente, oposição, suplementariedade ou complementaridade entre essas maneiras de fazer pesquisa. São modos diferentes do fazer científico para obtenção e tratamento das informações, portanto, relevantes para a ciência e sociedade, que podem e devem ser utilizadas no cotidiano científico. Diante das características das abordagens teórico-metodológicas, é fundamental indicar que suas bases e procedimentos são de natureza diferente, no entanto, é perfeitamente possível, a depender do objeto/objetivo da pesquisa, o diálogo e/ou encontro das duas abordagens.
Transnational religious networks and geopolitics in the Muslim World
Authors: Mabon Simon , Wastnidge Edward 
Published: December 2019

Debates around the sectarianisation of politics across the Middle East and Muslim world more broadly have opened new spaces of enquiry into the interrelationship between religion and geopolitics. The nature of links between Iran and Saudi Arabia and various groups in the Muslim world differs across time and space, shaped by a range of context specific factors. Networks are shaped by the interaction of their constituent parts and the organisation of power among their members and thus, as a consequence networks are neither fixed nor universal. Here, context is key, resulting in different types of relationships across spaces.
Much academic and policy-oriented work on transnational religious networks has historically reflected Western governments’ preoccupation with security issues vis-à-vis Islamist ‘extremist’ groups. This narrow prism distorts understanding of the roles that such networks play, and thus necessitates further exploration of the multiple levels and characteristics of transnational religious networks, be they state, sect or community-led.