bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNAs and gene regulation in breast cancer
Authors: Abdalla Fatma , Singh Bhupendra , Bhat Hari K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRs) are non–protein‐coding small RNAs that control the gene expression posttranscriptionally. miRs can regulate different cellular functions as well as many pathological conditions. Dysregulated miR expression profiles have been identified in different cancer types including lung cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer. The expression of miRs varies according to their roles in each specific cancer type. Although many miRs and their target genes have been identified in different cancers, data are still scant to validate those target genes and the mechanistic role of these miRs. The possibility of targeting cancer‐associated miRs is suggested to open a new field for cancer therapy. Therapeutic strategies targeting miRs involve neutralization of the oncogenic miRs by antagomirs using locked nucleic acid oligonucleotides, miR sponges, or the restoration/overexpression of tumor‐suppressing miRs that are downregulated or depleted in cancers. Although it is suggested that therapeutic applications of miRs in different pathological conditions will make a huge revolution in gene therapy, there is still an enormous challenge in employing these strategies efficiently in cancer inhibition, seemingly, due to the complexity of cancer and the current inefficient development of delivery systems for the therapeutic miRs.
Point of care ultrasound for all by all: A multidisciplinary survey across a large quaternary care medical system
Authors: Wenger Jesse , Steinbach Trevor C. , Carlbom David , Farris Reid WD , Johnson Nicholas J. , Town James 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeWe sought to understand current POCUS practices and comfort as well as assess opinions about POCUS across our medical system via a survey to guide program development.MethodsThis study was conducted as a 19 question RedCap survey with multiple parts. Respondents were queried for demographics as well as experience with, attitudes toward, and clinical use of POCUS in common critical care scenarios.ResultsThe survey was completed by 343 individuals, a response rate of 30%. Most respondents “agreed” that POCUS is a needed skill and helped them provide safer care (78% and 86% agreement). Most faculty and trainees reported some POCUS training (62% and 88%) and at least weekly use. Trainees rated themselves more comfortable than faculty for most exam types. The majority of faculty rated their POCUS education as inadequate while trainees had mixed responses.ConclusionsPOCUS is a frequently used tool, yet users are less confident in their skills than expected. POCUS applications are viewed as needed for future practice but there is a substantial need for improved education among faculty and trainees. Pooling resources and sharing educational initiatives across multiple specialties may help improve POCUS implementation.
Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of Klippel‐Trenaunay‐Weber syndrome associated with umbilical cord hemangioma
Authors: Yu Dongmei , Sun Lingyu , Chen Taotao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe describe a case of prenatal diagnosed Klippel‐Trenaunay‐Weber syndrome, which mainly manifested as hypertrophy of the left thigh, and was associated with umbilical cord hemangioma and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) for 1q21.2 q44. This case report describes the second reported case associated with umbilical cord hemangioma and the first reported case with LOH for 1q21.2 q44.
An outbreak of hepatitis E in Yavatmal, India, 2019
Authors: Tripathy Anuradha S. , Sharma Meenal , Thorat Neeta C. , Jadhav Santosh , Koshatwar Kishor A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHepatitis E, a public health concern in developing countries, frequently presents in epidemic, as well as in sporadic forms. This study investigated an outbreak of viral hepatitis at Yavatmal, Maharashtra, India in March 2019. Blood samples from 10 patients were received at Indian Council of Medical Research‐National Institute of Virology, Pune to test for the presence of enterically transmitted hepatitis viruses. Subsequently, 49 suspected cases were screened for anti‐hepatitis E virus (HEV)/hepatitis A virus (HAV) immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, alanine amino‐transferase levels and HEV RNA. Water samples were screened for HEV and HAV RNA followed by phylogenetic analysis. Overall 32 of 49 (65.3%) suspected cases had recent acute HEV infection, while dual infection with HAV was noted in one case (2.04%). Forty‐eight of 49 suspected cases were positive for anti‐HAV IgG antibodies indicative of previously acquired immunity against HAV. Water samples had evidence of HEV contamination as detected by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. Sequencing of HEV RNA from both patients (n = 2) and water samples (n = 5) indicated HEV genotype 1 to be the etiological agent of this outbreak. Serological and molecular evidence confirmed HEV as the etiology. Mixing of contaminated drain water with the domestic water supply may have triggered this outbreak. Subsequent changing of the defaulted water pipelines and its segregation from drain pipelines by the health authorities resulted in progressive decline of this outbreak. Despite the limitations, periodic surveillance of HEV exposure pattern and reporting of small outbreaks would supplement to the global disease burden data of hepatitis E.
Impact of the pandemic on cancer care: Lessons learnt from a rural cancer center in the first 3 months
Authors: Deshmukh Sanjay , Naik Shailesh , Zade Bhooshan , Patwa Raunak , Gawande Jayant , Watgaonkar Ravi , Wagh Sachin , Deshmukh Sonali , Gautam Pratik , Gandhi Vidhyachandra , Ankolikar Shrikant , Gosavi Nitin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe COVID‐19 outbreak and the subsequent declaration of pandemic was an unprecedented event, which created different complex situations for treatment of cancer patients. A critical assessment of the response to this calamity and its impact on healthcare workers (HCWs) and patient care in a dedicated cancer hospital is analyzed.Site of StudyIndrayani Cancer Hospital, Alandi, Pune, India.Materials and MethodsDue to the pandemic, standard operating protocols were decided on for each department. Analysis of the impact on healthcare was done by comparing the number of patients taking treatment in the lockdown period in India with the previous year's data in the same corresponding period in all three departments. The impact of COVID infection on the HCW and its repercussions were analyzed.ResultsThere was a marked decrease in the total number of patients during the lockdown period. The most affected department was surgical oncology. None of our patients contracted COVID‐19, but one HCW was found to be positive.ConclusionStrict adherence to protocols along with the support of the government authorities can prevent the spread of this virus thus providing optimal patient outcomes. The treatment of patients with cancer should not be delayed, even in times of a pandemic.
Acid‐Mediated Autocatalysis in Vinylogous Urethane Vitrimers
Authors: Haida Philipp , Abetz Volker 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVitrimers are a class of polymeric materials with outstanding properties. Intramolecular substitution reactions lead to a dynamic exchange within the polymer network which enables thermoreversible stress relaxation in yet permanently crosslinked materials. In this paper, the acid‐mediated autocatalysis is explored as a rearrangement pathway for vinylogous urethane vitrimers. The autocatalysis enables transimination reactions, resulting in a dynamic exchange among the enamine‐one species, without an excess of free amines. Therefore, the enamine‐ones are protonated by a Brønsted acid and turn into electrophilic iminium‐ones, thus enabling fast backward and substitution reactions with water and free amines. This work provides an in‐depth investigation of the mechanism by kinetic studies of selected compounds. In addition, novel elastomeric and thermosetting poly(vinylogous urethane) networks with and without free amine groups and additional para‐toluene sulfonic acid as a Brønsted catalyst are prepared by bulk polymerization of hexane‐1,6‐diylbis(3‐oxobutanoate) and tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine. The underlying exchange mechanisms are determined by stress‐relaxation experiments with stress relaxation times of 0.3–54 000 s at 110 °C.
A low‐phase‐noise and low‐power CMOS colpitts VCO using Gm boosting and capacitance switching techniques
Authors: Pakasiri Chatrpol , You Jia‐Hao , Wang Sen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis letter presents a low‐power and low‐phase‐noise 5‐GHz VCO fabricated in a standard CMOS 0.18‐μm process. The low power dissipation was achieved by using the PMOS cross‐coupled pair and Gm‐boosting topology, and the low phase noise was obtained by adding two pairs of switched capacitor array. The VCO consumed a dc power of 2.92 mW with the supply voltage of 1 V. The measured phase noises were − 104.6 dBc/Hz and − 117.4 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency with switched off and on capacitances, respectively, which demonstrated 12.8‐dB improvement.
Strain gradient differential quadrature finite element for moderately thick micro‐plates
Authors: Zhang Bo , Li Heng , Kong Liulin , Zhang Xu , Feng Zhipeng 
Published: July 2020

SummaryIn this study, we integrate the advantages of differential quadrature method (DQM) and finite element method (FEM) to construct a C1‐type four‐node quadrilateral element with 48 degrees of freedom (DOF) for strain gradient Mindlin micro‐plates. This element is free of shape functions and shear locking. The C1‐continuity requirements of deflection and rotation functions are accomplished by a fourth‐order differential quadrature (DQ)‐based geometric mapping scheme, which facilitates the conversion of the displacement parameters at Gauss‐Lobatto quadrature (GLQ) points into those at element nodes. The appropriate application of DQ rule to non‐rectangular domains is proceeded by the natural‐to‐Cartesian geometric mapping technique. Using GLQ and DQ rules, we discretize the total potential energy functional of a generic micro‐plate element into a function of nodal displacement parameters. Then, we adopt the principle of minimum potential energy to determine element stiffness matrix, mass matrix, and load vector. The efficacy of the present element is validated through several examples associated with the static bending and free vibration problems of rectangular, annular sectorial, and elliptical micro‐plates. Finally, the developed element is applied to study the behavior of freely vibrating moderately thick micro‐plates with irregular shapes. It is shown that our element has better convergence and adaptability than that of Bogner‐Fox‐Schmit (BFS) one, and strain gradient effects can cause a significant increase in vibration frequencies and a certain change in vibration mode shapes.
Trends in conditional survival and predictors of late death in neuroblastoma
Authors: Olsen Hannah E. , Campbell Kevin , Bagatell Rochelle , DuBois Steven G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeSignificant advances in the treatment of neuroblastoma have been made in the past several decades. There are scant data examining how these improvements have changed over time and differentially affected conditional survival among high‐risk and non‐high‐risk patient groups.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. We analyzed clinical characteristics and survival outcomes for 4717 neuroblastoma patients. Kaplan‐Meier methods were used to estimate overall survival (OS) and conditional overall survival (COS) with estimates compared between groups using log‐rank tests.ResultsFive‐year OS was 41.46% (95% CI 38.77‐44.13) for the high‐risk group and 91.13% (95% CI 89.49‐92.53) for the non‐high‐risk group. Both groups saw significant improvements in OS by decade (P < .001). Five‐year COS among 1‐year survivors was 52.69% (CI 49.54‐55.73) for the high‐risk group and 96.75% (95% CI 95.57‐97.62) for the non‐high‐risk group. One‐year survivors in the high‐risk group showed a statistically significant improvement in COS over time. No difference in COS was observed among 5‐year high‐risk survivors. In the high‐risk and non‐high‐risk groups, 82% and 32% of late deaths were attributable to cancer, respectively. Statistically significant adverse prognostic factors for late death were age ≥ 1 year at diagnosis, metastatic disease, and nonthoracic primary site (P = .001).ConclusionsImprovements in COS over time have largely benefited high‐risk patients, though they are still at higher risk for late death due to cancer when compared to non‐high‐risk patients. Age, stage, and primary site, but not treatment decade, influence outcomes among 5‐year survivors.
Pediatric ovarian Sertoli‐Leydig cell tumors with heterologous rhabdomyosarcoma elements: Clinical case series and review of the literature
Authors: Koo Jane , Garrington Timothy P. , Kerr Karol , Treece Amy L. , Cost Carrye R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSertoli‐Leydig cell tumors (SLCTs) are rare ovarian neoplasms in pediatric patients. More exceedingly rare are SLCTs that also contain heterologous rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) elements. For these patients, there is no standardized treatment. We report four cases of pediatric SLCT with heterologous RMS elements that were successfully treated with surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. All four patients are alive and remain in remission.
Controlling the mechanoadaptive properties of hydrogenated nitrile rubber by the incorporation of cementious based industrial waste for downhole application
Authors: Ganguly Debabrata , Khanra Sipra , Goswami Debottam , Santra Angshuman , Ghorai Uttam Kumar , Ghorai Sanjoy Kumar , Das Amit , Sarkar Kajal , Chattopadhyay Santanu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis work aims to develop smart stimuli responsive composites utilizing hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR), fly ash (FA), and slag (SG) with white cement (WC). HNBR has been chosen by capitalizing its unique attributes of high temperature performance and high oil resistance as the matrix and coining the synergistic setting characteristics of FA and SG as industrial wastes with WC. The composites displayed synergism in mechanical and thermal properties. The calcium‐rich phases of FA and SG, entice the postpolymerization modification of the rubber matrix in conjunction with cement serving as reactive fillers. The changes of modulus (~50 MPa), mass (~7%), volume (~8%), and hardness were observed upon repeated wet‐dry cycles. These are attributed to the ionic interactions between the modified polymer matrix and cementitious phases as a result of postpolymerization conversion. These smart composite materials could be used for sealing and microfluidic valves for the downhole applications in oil field industries.
Influence of Different Gases on the Performance of Gas‐Storage Glass Microballoons in Emulsion Explosives
Authors: Wang Yixin , Ma Honghao , Shen Zhaowu , Chen Jiping , Huang Liangliang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA new type of emulsion explosive sensitized by hydrogen‐storage has been invented previously. To better understand the role of hydrogen in emulsion explosives, the detonation experiments with different gas storage were conducted. Several gases, such as helium, oxygen, and nitrogen, were taken into account. Brisance tests, detonation velocity tests, and underwater detonation experiments showed that the high‐pressure hydrogen can improve the power and energy of emulsion explosive. The adiabatic compression of different gases was calculated. The pressure and temperature of the gas in GMs were obtained. Hydrogen has better compression performance than the other gases. Combining experiments and theoretical calculations can obtain that, hydrogen plays an important role in hot spots formation rate and emulsion explosive energy, and nitrogen and oxygen have little contribution to the energy of emulsion explosive, while helium is difficult to store in GMs and has a negative influence on the performance of emulsion explosive.
First‐principles investigation of structural, electronic, and optical properties of transition metal‐dopedC40 CrSi2
Authors: Pan Yong 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlthough CrSi2silicide is an attractive advanced functional material, the improvement of electronic and optical properties is still a challenge for its applications. Here, we apply the first‐principles calculations to investigate the influence of transition metals (TMs) on the electronic and optical properties of C40 CrSi2silicide. Five possible TMs, Ti, V, Pd, Ag, and Pt, are considered in detail. The calculated results show that the additive metals Ti, V, Pd, and Pt are thermodynamically stable in C40 CrSi2because the calculated impurity formation energy of TM‐doped C40 CrSi2is lower than zero. In particular, the V dopant is more thermodynamically stable than that of the other TMs. The calculated electronic structure shows that the band gap of C40 CrSi2is 0.391 eV, which is in good agreement with the other results. In particular, the additive TMs improve the electronic properties of C40 CrSi2due to the role of thed‐state of TMs. Naturally, the additive TMs result in band migration (Cr‐3dstate and Si‐3pstate) from the valence band to the conduction band. Interestingly, the additive TMs lead to a red shift for optical adsorption of C40 CrSi2silicide.
Synthesizing Bis(β‐iminoenolate)copper(II) Complexes and Exploring Substitution Dependent Green Catalytic Application for Azide‐Alkyne Cycloaddition Reaction
Authors: Prabakaran Kaliyan , Loganathan Selvaraj , Seenivasa Perumal Muthu , Philip Anthony Savarimuthu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBis(β‐iminoenolate)copper(II) complexes with different substituents (3 a–c)have been prepared and explored the catalytic activity for azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reaction in environmentally benign condition. Copper complexes showed highly efficient catalytic activity and produced regioselective product of 1,4‐disubstituted‐1,2,3‐triazoles in one‐pot three component reaction between benzyl chloride, sodium azide and alkynes at room temperature in water medium. The structure‐activity comparison revealed that copper complex with electron withdrawing fluoro substituent (3 c) exhibited comparatively higher catalytic activity in azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reactions and produced up to 98 % of yield with 12.5 mol % of the catalyst without addition of any other reagent.
Intracellular Fluorometric Recognition of Explosive and Mutagenic Nitroaromatics by a Luminescent Phenanthrene‐Naphthalene Sulfone
Authors: Ghosh Pritam , Das Joyee , Basak Amit , Kanti Mukhopadhyay Subhra , Banerjee Priyabrata 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLuminescent phenanthrene‐naphthalene sulfone has been synthesized having phenanthrene and naphthalene as antenna center with an aim of fluorogenic in vitro detection of highly mutagenic NACs, which are hitherto less explored. The chemosensor could detect NACs selectively over NALs of which TNP detection is highly selective by a swing in fluorescence spectrum from 405 to ∼475 nm with extremely high quenching constant 1.93×105 M−1 and LOD 100 nM. Fluorometric recognition of TNP was explained through a combined complex PET‐RET‐ACQ‐CT pathway. DFT calculation has been performed to obtain the low energy configuration of the host⋅⋅⋅guest adduct. NMR titration reveals the chemical stability of the host in presence of TNP, suggests that the interaction belongs to supramolecular realm that supports the utilization of the chemosensor forin vitro detection of TNP within pollens of Tecoma Stans, Peperomia roots and Candida Albicans, indeed establishes the scaffold as a biocompatible chemosensor.
Decolorization of Textile Dye by Halophilic Exiguobacterium sp.VK1: Biomass and Exopolysaccharide (EPS) Enhancement for Bioremediation of Malachite Green
Authors: Kalpana Ramaraju , Maheshwaran Manickam , Vimali Elamathi , Soosai Michael Rahul , Shivamathi Chellam Somasundarar , Moorthy Innasimuthu Ganesh , Ashokkumar Balasubramaniem , Varalakshmi Perumal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe salt pan soil screened for the exopolysaccharides (EPS) producing organisms for the decolourization textile dyes. The isolate was characterized and confirmed as Exiguobacterium sp. VK1 by 16S rRNA analysis. The enhanced production of EPS was obtained with the minimal medium which was supplemented with various carbon sources, and cassava peel which has shown a 5.9 fold increase in the EPS (7704.71 mg/L) production. Exiguobacterium sp. VK1 removed Malachite Green (MG) dye (684.38 mg/g) with the maximum biosorption capacity of 79.1% at pH 6 and 40°C. With the increased EPS production, by supplementing the cassava peel, the MG dye adsorption also increased up to 97.61%, when decolorized within 30 min by Exiguobacterium sp. VK1. It was found that Pseudo Second‐order kinetics and Freundlich isotherm is the best fit for the equilibrium adsorption process of MG dye by Exiguobacterium sp. VK1. The thermodynamic properties such as activation energy (12.993 kJ/mol), change in enthalpy (10.501 kJ/mol), change in entropy ‐254.07 J/(mol K) and change in Gibbs energy (84.945‐90.026 kJ/mol) were investigated by Arrhenius and Eyring equation using Pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. The result revealed that the adsorption process was thermodynamically feasible.
Synthesis and Antitubercular Activity of 4,5‐Disubstituted N1‐(5′‐deoxythymidin‐5′‐yl)‐1,2,3‐triazoles
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Bimal Devla , Kavita  , Kumar Manish , Mathur Divya , Maity Jyotirmoy , Singh Sunil K. , Thirumal M. , Prasad Ashok K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSynthesis of fifteen C4‐aroyl‐C5‐aryl‐N1‐(5′‐deoxythymidin‐5′‐yl)‐1,2,3‐triazoles have been reported starting from azidation of 5′‐p‐toluenesulfonyloxythymidine followed by azide‐alkene oxidative cycloaddition reaction of the resulted 5′‐azido‐5′‐deoxythymidine with 1,3‐diarylpropenones in dimethylformamide (DMF) in the presence of tetra‐n‐butylammonium hydrogen sulfate (n‐Bu4N+HSO4−, TBAHS) as catalyst in 60 to 79% overall yields. Further, they were also synthesized by one pot sequential reaction of tosylated thymidine with sodium azide in DMF and then with 1,3‐diarylpropenones in presence of n‐Bu4N+HSO4− in superior yield of 70 to 95% than 60 to 79% in two step procedure. All fifteen synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro anti Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity against sensitive reference strain H37Rv and multi drug resistant (MDR) clinical isolate 591, and found to exhibit minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 2 to 15 μg/mL, which was equivalent to the MIC of first line anti‐tubercular drug streptomycin. All compounds qualify for their drug likeness when their physicochemical parameters were assessed using online MolSoft and Lipinski filter software, except their molecular weight. The cytotoxicity of potent compounds evaluated human monocytic cell line THP‐1 by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2H‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was found to be less as compared to the first line drug, isoniazid.