bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body mass index and waist circumference documentation in Canadian primary care electronic medical records
Authors: Lindeman Cliff , Jones Allyson , Cummings Michael , Pham Anh N. Q. , RD PhD Carla , Spence John C. , Drummond Neil 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Electronic medical records (EMR) are commonly used in primary care to document patient measurements including height and weight that are then used to produce body mass index (BMI) scores. However, little is known about the proportion of waist circumference (WC) documentation compared to BMI and the characteristics of patients with these measures. This study used a pan-Canadian research database, sourced from primary care EMRs, to describe BMI and WC documentation in primary care. Methods: A retrospective cohort design of primary care providers participating in the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN), this study presented descriptive, observational findings of EMR inputs. Frequencies and percentages of median BMI and WC documentation in CPCSSN EMRs and patient demographic characteristics are compared. Results: Of 707,819 Canadian patients aged of 40 or older, at least one BMI input was recorded for 58.6% and 11.5% had WC notations. The majority of patients (98.1%) with at least one WC measurement also had a BMI measurement while conversely 19.2% of patients with at least one BMI measurement also had a WC measurement. The most common median BMI category was overweight (36.9%) and median WC was 95.0 centimetres (IQR = 21.5).Conclusions: This study reports the documentation of obesity and overweight in select Canadian primary care EMRs infrequently recorded WC when compared to BMI. Future studies should examine the frequency and categories of anthropometric measurements in people with commonly managed chronic conditions and whether BMI and WC inputs are missing at random. Trial registration: Not applicable for this study.
Microbial fuel cell assisted utilization of glycerol for succinate production by mutant of Actinobacillus succinogenes
Authors: Zheng Tianwen , Xu Bin , Ji Yaliang , Zhang Wenming , Xin Fengxue , Dong Weiliang , Wei Ping , ma jiangfeng , Jiang Min 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The global production of glycerol has been increasing year by year since the demands of biodiesel is rising. It is benefit for high-yield succinate synthesis due to its high reducing property. A. succinogenes, a succinate-producing candidate, cannot grow on glycerol anaerobically, as it needs a terminal electron acceptor to maintain the balance of intracellular NADH and NAD+.Results: Microbial fuel cells (MFC) assisted succinate production was evaluated using neutral red as an electron shuttle to recover the glycerol utilization. Firstly, an acid tolerant mutant JF1315 was selected by atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis aiming to improve transmembrane transfer of neutral red (NR). Additionally, MFC was established to increase the ratio of oxidized NR to reduced NR. By combining these two strategies, ability of JF1315 for glycerol utilization was significantly enhanced, and 23.92 g/L succinate was accumulated with a yield of 0.88 g/g from around 30 g/L initial glycerol. In addition, relative constant and high value above 300 mV was obtained for at least 48 h.Conclusions: A novel MFC-assisted system was established to improve glycerol utilization by A. succinogenes for succinate and electricity production, making this system as a platform for chemicals production and electrical supply simultaneously.
De novo transcriptome analysis and comparative expression profiling of genes associated with the taste-modifying protein neoculin in Curculigo latifolia and Curculigo capitulata fruits
Authors: Okubo Satoshi , Terauchi Kaede , Okada Shinji , Yamaura Takao , Abe Keiko , Asakura Tomiko 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Curculigo latifolia is a perennial plant found in Southeast Asia whose fruits contain the taste-modifying protein neoculin, which binds to sweet receptors to make sour fruits taste sweet. Although neoculin is similar to Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA), which contains mannose-binding sites in its sequence and 3D structure, neoculin lacks such sites and has no lectin activity. Whether the fruits of C. latifolia and other Curculigo plants contain neoculin and/or GNA family genes is unclear. Results We performed de novo RNA-seq assembly of the fruits of C. latifolia and the related C. capitulata and analyzed the expression patterns of neoculin and neoculin-like genes in both species in detail. We assembled 85,697 transcripts from C. latifolia and 76,775 from C. capitulata using Trinity and annotated them using public databases. We identified 70,371 unigenes in C. latifolia and 63,704 in C. capitulata. In total, 38.6% of unigenes from C. latifolia and 42.6% from C. capitulata shared high similarity between the two species. We identified ten neoculin-related transcripts in C. latifolia and 15 in C. capitulata. Genes encoding both the basic and acidic subunits of neoculin were present in both plants. We aligned these 25 transcripts and generated a phylogenetic tree. Many orthologs in both species shared high similarity, despite the low number of common genes, suggesting that these genes likely existed before the two species diverged. The relative expression levels of these genes, as indicated by their transcript per million (TPM) values, differed considerably between the two species: the TPM values of neoculin genes were 60 times higher in C. latifolia than in C. capitulata, whereas those of GNA family members were 15,000 times lower in C. latifolia than in C. capitulata. Conclusions The genetic diversity of the neoculin-related genes strongly suggests that neoculin genes underwent duplication during evolution. The marked differences in the expression profiles of neoculin-related genes between C. latifolia and C. capitulata could be due to mutations in regions involved in transcriptional regulation. Comprehensive analysis of the genes expressed in the fruits of these two Curculigo species helped elucidate the origin of neoculin at the molecular level.
Intra-articular opening osteotomy combined with lateral ligament reconstruction for varus ankle arthritis
Authors: Xu Yang , Li Xing-chen , Guo Chang-jun , Xu Xiang-Yang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background One type of Takakura 3B ankle arthritis is varus talus with medial disital tibial platform erosion. Among these cases, the talar anterior surface (TAS) angles are usually normal. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of intra-articular opening osteotomy combined with lateral ligament reconstruction for Takakura 3B ankle arthritis with medial disital tibial platform erosion.Methods From September 2009 to May 2016, 17 patients with Takakura 3B ankle arthritis were reviewed, including 3 male and 14 female patients. All underwent the operation of intra-articular opening osteotomy combined with lateral ligament reconstruction. All patients were available for analysis. The main outcome measurements included TT angle, AOFAS score, VAS scores, SF-36 scales and AOS scales.Results All patients were followed for a mean follow-up of 87.2 months (range, 49 to 129 months). The VAS scale improved from 5.53 ± 1.59 to 2.29 ± 1.90. The mean AOFAS score improved from 47.71 ± 15.73 to 75.82 ± 12.03. The SF-36 scale improved from 41.64 ± 13.95 to 67.69 ± 14.64. The AOS improved from 60.94 ± 13.91 to 28.18 ± 17.73. The TT angle improved from 14.29 ± 4.96 to 5.25 ± 3.96.Conclusion Intra-articular opening osteotomy combined with lateral ligament reconstruction is an effective method to treat varus ankle arthritis with medial disital tibial platform erosion.
Detection Of Hypermucoviscous Klebsiella Pneumoniae And Phenotypic Comparison Of Their Virulence Factors With Classical Strains Among Patients Visiting Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Thapa Tika Bahadur , Maharjan Sujina , Giri Nisha , Sapkota Manisha , Shrestha Ojaswee , Khanal Puspa Raj , Joshi Govardhan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae, which is commonly recognized in the laboratory, are termed as classical K. pneumoniae (cKP ) . A new strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae named hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae (hmvKP) emerging with a distinctive feature than classical strains. In many recent studies, infections due to hypermucoviscous strains have been increasing with significant mortality and morbidity. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae in our hospital and phenotypic comparison of their virulence with the classical strains. Materials and Methods: This laboratory-based cross-sectional study done from February to July 2018 in the Department of Microbiology, Manmohan Memorial Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. One hundred and five clinical non-duplicative isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae proceeded for the study. Hypermucoviscosity of isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae were tested by standard String test. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Further, β-lactamases (ESBL, MBL, and KPC) were detected by the phenotypic combination disk test method. Serum resistance and biofilm production were determined to assess their virulence. Results: A total of one hundred five non-repetitive pure and microbiologically identified Klebsiella pneumoniae were isolated from various clinical samples collected during the study period. Among the isolated Klebsiella pneumoniae, 29 (27.6%) were hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae (hmvKP), and 76(72.4%) were classical K. pneumoniae (cKP) determined by string test. The majority of Klebsiella pneumoniae were resistant to ceftazidime (80%) and cefotaxime (78%), whereas 46.7% of isolates were resistant to both imipenem and meropenem. Various virulence factors, namely beta-lactamase production, biofilm, and serum resistance, were compared among classical and hypermucoviscos strains, and the hypermucoviscous strains revealed significantly higher expression of virulence than classical strains. Conclusion: The phenotypic comparison of virulence factors and Beta-lactamase production was found significantly higher among the hypermucoviscous strains . The prevalence of these hypermucoviscous strains in hospital settings may increase the risk of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment strategies to limit these infections are crucial.
Risk factors associated with failure of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in patients with severe COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
Authors: Ma Xiao-huan , Yin Fang , Zhang Jie , Peng Meng-yun , Guan Hong , Gong Ping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Methods: In this single-center, retrospective, observational study, we enrolled patients with confirmed severe COVID-19 admitted to Renmin Hospital of Wuhan university (Wuhan, China) from 1 February 2020 to 26 March 26 2020. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data, and treatments and outcomes upon hospital admission, were obtained from electronic medical records. Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores were calculated.Results: Of 54 patients with severe COVID-19, HFNC was successful in 28 (51.9%) and unsuccessful in 26 (48.1%). HFNC failure was seen more commonly in patients aged ≥60 years and in men. In addition, compared with patients successfully treated with HFNC, patients with HFNC failure had the following characteristics: higher percentage of fatigue and anorexia as well as cardiovascular disease; increased time from onset to diagnosis and SOFA scores; elevated body temperature, respiratory rate, and heart rate; more complications including ARDS, septic shock, myocardial damage, and acute kidney injury; increased neutrophil counts and prothrombin time; and decreased arterial partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) (all P < 0.05). However, binary logistic regression analysis showed that only male gender and PaO2/FiO2 were independent risk factors significantly associated with HFNC failure (both, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Patients with severe COVID-19 had a high HFNC treatment failure rate. Male gender and decreased PaO2/FiO2 were independent risk factors associated with HFNC failure in severe COVID-19 patients.
A mild-symptom COVID-19 patient showed consistently high pharyngeal viral loads in a period of ten days after hospitalization
Authors: Chen Dong , Han Shuqing , Sun Yue , Shen Yisong , Zhou Xiaofei , Liu Yuanyuan , Zhou Junfen , Xiong Nian , Zhang Yi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The pandemics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) threatens both human lives and health care system. COVID-19 patients may differ in their capability in spreading the causative virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome-corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Methods: In this study, oropharyngeal swabs specimens from 43 patients admitted to our hospital during the COVID-19 peak time in Wuhan, China were obtained to survey temporal profiles of the viral loads in their upper respiratory tract. An internal and an absolute mRNA control were included in the real-time RT-PCR analysis and RNA extraction step to remove the potential influence of experimental variations on the result interpretation. Results: We found about one third of the hospitalized COVID-19 patients were never tested as SARS-CoV-2 positive during the course of this study. One patient with mild symptoms displayed constant high levels of viral loads after hospitalization, which were orders of magnitude higher than all other positive patients. Conclusions: We propose that if pharyngeal viral loads in a patient could indicate its ability in spreading the virus to others, then identification and strict separation of the high viral load patients should provide an effective mean in restricting viral spreading and protect health care workers from infection.
Applicability of SPI and RDI for forthcoming drought events: a non-parametric trend and one way ANOVA approach
Authors: Vishwakarma Ankur , Choudhary Mahendra Kumar , Chauhan Mrityunjay Singh 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Monthly, seasonal and annual trends of rainfall and temperature (both minimum and maximum) have been analyzed using the Mann–Kendall trend test (a non-parametric test) and Sen's slope estimator for Sagar division, India from 1988 to 2018. Sagar division is a drought-prone zone of Madhya Pradesh, India. The same analysis has been performed for two drought indices, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI). Both indices were calculated to see the trend in the drought for 35 rain-gauge stations belonging to the study area. The study revealed that the minimum temperature had increased more than the maximum temperature in the last 31 years. The strong similarity in the results of Sen's slope of SPI and RDI were seen for both significant and non-significant trends. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) testing validates the substantial similarity between SPI and RDI based on Sen's slope. It also indicated the suitability of RDI for future projection of drought using the general circulation models (GCMs) or regional climate models (RCMs) in meteorological drought as well as the agricultural drought category. In contrast, the SPI indicated the meteorological drought only. The distribution of trends of temperature and drought indices were presented using the kriging interpolation.
Renin-angiotensin System Inhibitors and Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Asgharzadeh Fereshteh , Jafarzadeh-Esfehani Reza , Hassanian Seyed M. , Ferns Gordon A. , Avan Amir , Khazaei Majid 
Published: July 2020

Background:
There are controversial results available about using angiotensin-converting enzyme
inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and the development of cancers or improvement of
clinical outcomes. Studies reported that using ACEI/ARB may enhance the development of hepatocellular carcinoma
(HCC) and clinical outcomes.

Objective:
This meta-analysis aimed to assess the relationship between ACEI/ARB therapy and the development
of HCC.

Methods:
PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane library were reviewed to identify clinical studies investigating
the association between ACEI/ARB therapy and the risk of HCC development. The pooled risk ratio (RR) with
95% confidence intervals collected for the association between using ACEIs/ARBs and HCC development.

Results:
Patients with HCC benefit from the treatment with both ACEIs and ARBs (RR 0.704, 95% CI 0.526-
0.944, p = 0.019). However, only using ARBs was related to HCC risk (0.545 95% CI 0.470-0.632, P<0.0001).
Moreover, the study types were significantly related to the observed effects of using both ARBs and ACEIs. Only
cohort studies were significantly related to achieving better results (RR=0.513, 95% CI= 0.442-0.597, P<0.0001).

Conclusion:
Despite the small number and heterogeneity of the studies evaluating the relationship between
treatment with ARBs and ACEIs and the development of HCC, our meta-analysis demonstrates that they may
reduce the risk of HCC.
Epidemiology of the Incidence and Mortality of Pancreas Cancer and its Relationship with the Human Development Index (HDI) in the World: An Ecological Study in 2018
Authors: Goodarzi Elham , Dehkordi Ali Hassanpour , Beiranvand Reza , Naemi Hasan , Khazaei Zaher 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in developed countries and a
lethal malignant neoplasm worldwide. This study aims to evaluate the epidemiology of pancreatic cancer incidence
and mortality and its relationship with HDI.

Methods:
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that is based on cancer incidence data and cancer mortality
rates derived from the GLOBOCAN in 2018.

The incidence and mortality rates of Pancreas as well as Pancreas cancer distribution maps were derived for
world countries. The data analysis was conducted using a correlation test, and regression tests were used to
evaluate the correlation of the incidence and mortality of Pancreas with HDI. The statistical analysis was carried
out by Stata-14, and a significance level of 0.05 was considered.

Results:
The highest incidence of pancreatic cancer was reported in Asia with 214499 (46.7%) cases and the
lowest incidence was related to Oceania with 4529 cases (0.99%). The results showed a positive and significant
correlation between incidence (r = 0.764, P <0.0001) and mortality (r = 0.771, P <0.0001) of pancreatic cancer
and the HDI index. The results of ANOVA revealed that the highest mean incidence was related to the very high
HDI (P <0.0001) and the highest mortality was connected to the very high human development (P <0.0001). The
results exhibited that incidence was positively and significantly correlated with GNI (r = 0.497, P <0.0001), MYS
(r = 0.746, P <0.0001), LEB (r = 0.676, <0.0001) and EYS (r = 0.738, P <0.0001). Also, a significant positive
correlation was found between mortality and GNI (r = 0.507, P <0.0001), MYS (r = 0.745, P <0.0001), LEB (r =
0.679, <0.0001), and EYS (r = 0.748, P <0.0001).

Conclusion:
Given the higher incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer in countries with HDI, it is necessary
to pay a greater attention to risk factors and appropriate planning to reduce these factors and minimize the impact
and mortality rate of this disease.
4-Hydroxy Pyridinium Triflate@SiO2 Nanoparticles as a Novel Efficient Catalyst for Fries Rearrangement of Aryl Esters with High Selectivity
Authors: Ghalehbandi Shermineh Sadat , Ghazanfari Dadkhoda , Ahmadi Sayed Ali , Sheikhhosseini Enayatollah 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
We developed a simple, fast and new method for the Fries rearrangement of aryl esters.

Materials and Methods:
4-Hydroxy pyridinium triflate functionalized silica is a very efficient, reusable and economically
available catalyst for the Fries rearrangement in solvent-free condition and under microwave irradiation.

Results and Discussion:
Also, a notable selectivity was observed in the presence of 4-hydroxy pyridinium triflate
functionalized silica.

Conclusion:
Selectivity, shorter reaction time, high yield, and easy work-up are advantages of this synthetic
method.
Association between ABCC8 Ala1369Ser Polymorphism (rs757110 T/G) and Type 2 Diabetes Risk in an Iranian Population: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Bakhtiyari Amin , Haghani Karimeh , Bakhtiyari Salar , Zaimy Mohammad A. , Noori-Zadeh Ali , Gheysarzadeh Ali , Darabi Shahram , Seidkhani-Nahal Ali , Amraei Mansour , Alipourfard Iraj 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
Glucose metabolism increases ATP/ADP ratio within the β-cells and causes
ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel closure and consequently insulin secretion. The enhanced activity
of the channel may be a mechanism contributing to the reduced first-phase of insulin secretion observed
in T2DM. There is no study to date in the Kurdish ethnic group regarding the relationship between
SNP Ala1369Ser (rs757110 T/G) of SUR1 gene and T2DM, and additionally, the results of this
association in other populations are inconsistent. Therefore, our aim in this study was to explore the
possible association between SNP Ala1369Ser and type 2 diabetes in an Iranian Kurdish ethnic group.

Methods:
In this study, we checked out the frequency of alleles and genotypes of SNP Ala1369Ser in
T2DM individuals (207 patients; men/women: 106/101) and non-T2DM subjects (201 controls;
men/women: 97/104), and their effects on anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters. Genomic
DNA was extracted from the leukocytes of blood specimens using a standard method. We amplified
the ABCC8 rs757110 polymorphic site (T/G) using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method
and a designed primer pair. To perform the PCR-RFLP method, the amplicons were subjected to restriction
enzymes and the resulting fragments separated by gel electrophoresis.

Results:
The frequency of the G-allele of Ala1369Ser polymorphism was significantly (0.01) higher in
the case group than the control group (19% vs. 9%, respectively). In the dominant model (TT vs.
TG+GG), there was a significant relationship between this SNP and an increased risk of T2DM (P =
0.00). T2DM patients with TG+GG genotypes had significantly higher fasting plasma insulin and
HOMA-IR than those who had the TT genotype (P = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively).

Conclusions:
Our study is the first study to investigate the association between Ala1369Ser ABCC8
genetic variation and T2DM in the Kurdish population of western Iran. The obtained results clearly
show that Ala1369Ser polymorphism of ABCC8 is associated with an increased risk of T2DM in this
population.