bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RADIATION PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY DURING IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE PROGRAM FOR THE PROTECTION OF POPULATION OF ZHOVTI VODY TOWN
Authors: Molchanov O , Rudenko S , Soroka Y , Soroka M , Brechko K 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The town of Zhovti Vody is a ‘capital’ of uranium mining and processing industry of Ukraine. The mining and processing of uranium has been carried out in this area for more than 60 y. During this period, due to increasing production activities, the town has grown significantly. As a result of production activities and also due to the human factor, the territory of the town was contaminated by radioactive rocks. In addition, out of ignorance, radioactive rocks were used in the construction of houses and roads. To normalize the radiation situation in the town, a targeted State Programme was adopted in 2003 for a period of 10 y. In 2013, the Programme was subsequently extended until 2022. In accordance with this Programme, decontamination of the urban territory, measurements of radon isotopes in houses and anti-radon reconstructions of the premises have been performed. The results of these works are described in this article.
Secondary Schools and Teenage Childbearing: Evidence from the School Expansion in Brazilian Municipalities
Authors: Foureaux Koppensteiner Martin , Matheson Jesse 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article investigates the effect that increasing secondary education opportunities have on teenage fertility in Brazil. Using a novel dataset to exploit variation from a 57 percent increase in secondary schools across 4,884 Brazilian municipalities between 1997 and 2009, the analysis shows an important role of secondary school availability on underage fertility. An increase of one school per 100 females reduces a cohort's teenage birthrate by between 0.250 and 0.563 births per 100, or a reduction of one birth for roughly every 50 to 100 students who enroll in secondary education. The results highlight the important role of access to education leading to spillovers in addition to improving educational attainment.
Distinct Arabidopsis Responses to Two Generalist Caterpillar Species Differing in Host Breadth
Authors: Zhang Zhihong , Schedl Andreas , Sontowski Rebekka , Driscoll Brian T. , van Dam Nicole M. , Bede Jacqueline C. 
Published: September 2020

In general, caterpillar herbivores with a narrow host preference (specialists) have evolved mechanisms to circumvent specific plant defenses. In contrast, caterpillars with a broader host range (generalists) may manipulate phytohormone pathways common to many plant species to attenuate induced defenses. Many studies have compared plant responses to specialist versus generalist caterpillars. In contrast, this study evaluates the induced response of Arabidopsis thaliana to two generalist caterpillar species, the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni, and the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua. Although both caterpillars are considered generalists, S. exigua has a broader plant host range, whereas T. ni prefers Brassicaceous plants. Our study shows that most responses to caterpillar herbivory, such as the jasmonate burst, are similar in plants attacked by either insect species; however, we do observe dynamic and temporal differences in specific responses. Expression of AtZAT10, a 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid-responsive gene, is only induced in response to T. ni damage. In comparison, only S. exigua herbivory activates the salicylic acid/NPR1-dependent pathway, as observed by the expression of the marker gene AtPR1. Even though both species induce AtPDF1.2 expression, we found caterpillar-specific temporal differences: T. ni herbivory results in sustained expression over time, whereas gene expression is sharply downregulated at 36 h in S. exigua-attacked plants. Although damage by these two caterpillar species induced AtMYB28 and AtMYB34 expression, specific short- and long-chain aliphatic and indolic glucosinolates accumulate only in response to S. exigua herbivory. These species-specific, plant-induced responses likely reflect differences in effectors found in caterpillar oral secretions. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Traditional therapies of Zhuang medicine improve pain and joint dysfunction of patients in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Luo Yehao , Xu Donghan , Cao Zhiyong , Chen Qiuxia , Wang Lizhen , Fang Gang , Pang Yuzhou 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, which can lead to joint destruction, dysfunction, finally deformity. Currently, Western medicine treats it with disease-modifying antireheumatic drugs, NSAIDs, glucocorticoid, biological agents, etc, which can induce adverse drug reactions. And now, as an important mean of treating RA, Zhuang medicine has been widely used in clinics, and has achieved significant efficacy.

Methods and analysis:
The following databases will be searched for relevant information before July 2020: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Major results: levels of C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, Rheumatoid factor. Secondary results: morning stiffness time, range of motion, arthralgia, joint tenderness index, joint swelling index, total effective rate, adverse event. Data will be collected independently by 2 researchers, and the risk of bias in meta analysis will be evaluated according to “Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions”. All data analysis will be conducted using Review Manager V.5.3. and Stata V.12.0.

Results:
The curative effect and safety of traditional therapies of Zhuang Medicine treatment for RA patients will be evaluated systematically.

Conclusion:
The systematic review of this study will summarize the currently published evidence of traditional therapies of Zhuang Medicine treatment for RA to further guide its promotion and application.
Open Science Framework (OSF) registration number: https://osf.io/c4xv3/.
The impact of COVID-19 on intestinal flora
Authors: Li Fangyuan , Lu Hua , Li Xinyun , Wang Xinxin , Zhang Qi , Mi Ling 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) sparked global concern for its outbreak and pandemic. It caused severe respiratory tract infections and a significant proportion of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. Several studies have investigated the intestinal flora of COVID-19. However, so far there has been no evidence demonstrating the evidence on the association of COVID-19 with intestinal flora through meta-analysis. A systematic and comprehensive understanding of their relationship is essential to provide public health prevention or treatment strategy.

Methods and analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis will be reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Observational studies (cohort studies, case-control, and cross-sectional studies) and clinical trials will be eligible. Studies eligible for inclusion must contain participants with COVID-19. Systematic searches will be conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Ovid, EBSCO, World Health Organization COVID-19 database, China National Knowledge Internet, WanFang Data, Chinese Scientific and Technological Journal Database, and Chinese Biomedical Databases. A pre-designed search strategy of medical subject headings and free text terms for COVID-19 and intestinal flora will be used. Two reviewers will independently screen the titles and abstracts, followed by full-text screening. Discrepancies will be resolved by consensus with a third reviewer. The reviewers will then extract data from each eligible article based on PECOS (Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcomes, and Study design). The risk of bias and quality of included studies will be assessed using an appropriate tool. A random-effects meta-analysis will be considered where there are sufficiently homogeneous studies; otherwise, a narrative synthesis will be conducted. Heterogeneity among studies will be assessed using I2 statistics. If substantial heterogeneity detected, subgroup analyses and meta-regression will be conducted to look for the potential causes.

Ethics and dissemination
Ethical approval is not required as we will use data from published articles. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020191640
Comparative efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese patent medicine for anxiety disorders in children or adolescence
Authors: Jiang Zhenyuan , Wang Jiahao , Yu Xiaowen , Li Chuancheng , Shao Yuze , Wang Zhonglin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background:
Anxiety is the most common mental illness among adolescents and children, and its incidence is increasing year by year, which has a serious adverse effect on the academic and growth of adolescents and children. Conventional treatment methods such as oral administration of western medicine and psycho-behavioral therapy have obvious limitations. Chinese patent medicines play an irreplaceable role in the treatment of this disease. At present, there is no comparison of the safety and effectiveness of various Chinese patent medicines curing anxiety in adolescents. So we take advantage of the method of network meta-analysis to systematically compare the efficacy of various Chinese patent medicines curing this disease.

Methods:
We will systematically and comprehensively search the following databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, China BioMedical Literature (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP), and Wanfang database. We will include all RCT trials that meet the inclusion criteria, starting from the establishment of the database until August 2020. Two researchers will independently screen the literature based on inclusion criteria. While extracting data, we also assess the risk of bias in the included studies. All the data and evidence obtained will be evaluated by the method of Bayesian network meta-analysis. STATA and WinBUGS software will be used.

Results:
This study will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of various TCPMs for anxiety disorders in children or adolescence.

Conclusion:
The results of this study will provide valuable references for the clinical application of Traditional Chinese patent medicines, and assist clinicians in formulating more reasonable diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Ethics and dissemination:
This study does not require ethical approval.

INPLASY registration number:
INPLASY202080048.
Plate fixation versus intramedullary nail or Knowles pin fixation for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures
Authors: Li Lang , Yang Xiaodong , Xing Fei , Jiang Jun , Tang Xueyang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background:
Plate fixation and intramedullary nail/Knowles pin fixation methods are commonly used to treat displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. However, the differences between these 2 methods are unclear.

Objective:
This meta-analysis aimed to compare plate fixation and intramedullary nail/Knowles pin fixation for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures.

Methods:
We searched PubMed, EBM reviews, and Ovid Medline online for studies related to comparison of plate fixation versus intramedullary nail/Knowles pin fixation for displaced midshaft clavicle fracture from inception to June 30, 2019. Relevant literature search, data extraction, and quality assessment will be performed by 2 researchers independently. The methodological quality of all included studies was appraised using the Cochrane system for randomized trials. The RevMan 5.2 software was used for heterogeneity assessment, generating funnel-plots, data synthesis, sensitivity analysis, and determining publication bias. The fixed-effects or random-effects model was used to calculate mean difference (MD)/relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results:
This meta-analysis included 839 patients from 12 randomized controlled trials. We found that compared to plate fixation, intramedullary nail/Knowles pin fixation yielded a higher shoulder constant score [MD = −2.43, 95% CI (−3.46 to −1.41), P < .00001] and lower disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) score [MD = 2.98, 95% CI (0.16–5.81), P = .04], and lower infection rates [RR = 2.05, 95% CI (1.36–3.09), P = .003], operation time [MD = 20.20, 95% CI (10.80–29.60), P < .0001], incision size [MD = 6.09, 95% CI (4.54–7.65), P < .00001], and hospital stay [MD = 1.10, 95% CI (0.56–1.64), P < .00001] but with a higher removal rate [RR = 0.52, 95% CI (0.41–0.65), P < .00001] compared to plate fixation. There were no significant differences in nonunion, reintervention, or revision and refracture between these two methods. The limitation is that many studies did not demonstrate the random generated details, and only English articles were enrolled in this meta-analysis.

Conclusions:
Intramedullary nail/Knowles pin fixation might be an optimum choice for treating displaced midshaft clavicle fractures, with similar performance in terms of the nonunion, reintervention, or revision and refracture, and better shoulder constant and DASH scores, infection rates, and operative parameters.
Increasing incidence of prostate cancer in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Po-Hung , Chang Su-Wei , Tsai Ling-Hsuan , Kan Hung-Cheng , Liu Jui-Ming , Chuang Cheng-Keng , Pang See-Tong , Yu Kai-Jie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Over the past decades, the incidence of prostate cancer in Taiwan kept rising. Many possible factors including the utility of prostate specific antigen tests, lifestyle remodeling, and patient's comorbidities may contribute to the increasing of incidence or prostate cancer. We aim to use the nationwide Health and Welfare Database (HWD) to investigate possible associated factors.
We used HWD, a nationwide database of medical information, to assess the incidence of prostate cancer, utilization of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, and underlying diseases of patients and to evaluate whether there was a common trend among these factors.
In total, 32,508 patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer from 2006 to 2013 were identified. The incidence rate of prostate cancer per 100,000 men increased from 35.47 in 2006 to 52.87 in 2012. The number of patients with prostate cancer and underlying diseases related to metabolic syndrome increased every year. The number of total PSA tests and patients undergoing PSA testing, as well as average times of PSA testing per person in the whole population, increased every year. The average PSA test times of patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer within 3 years before the diagnosis of prostate cancer also increased every year. There was a high correlation between the average PSA test times and the number of patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer (r
2 = 0.9734).
The trends of incidence of prostate cancer, utilization of PSA testing, and underlying diseases related to metabolic syndrome at the diagnoses of cancer were similar, increasing every year in the study period. The results suggested that increasing use of PSA tests may increase the diagnosis of prostate cancers. Underlying diseases related to metabolic syndrome might also affect the incidence of prostate cancer.
Psychotherapy for depression in college students
Authors: Zhang Xiu , Niu Ming-Ming , Ma Pei-Fen , Du Li , Wan Lin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background:
Depression is a disease with a high incidence and easy to relapse. It not only affects the work and life of patients, but also brings a heavy economic burden. University is the peak of depression, and the prevalence of depression among college students is much higher than that of ordinary people. The purpose of this research is to evaluate depression symptoms, life satisfaction, self-confidence, substance use, social adjustment, and dropout rates of the use of psychological intervention for college students.

Methods:
We will identify relevant trials from systematic searches in the following electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library. We will also search Clinical Trials.gov, the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform for unpublished data. Additional relevant studies will be searched through search engines (such as Google), and references included in the literature will be tracked. All relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) will be included. There are no date restrictions. Use Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of bias tool to conduct risk of bias analysis. Use the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation to assess the quality of evidence. All statistical analysis will be performed using Stata (V.15.0.) and Review Manager (V.5.2.0).

Results:
A total of 6238 records were obtained by searching the database and 27 records were obtained by other sources. After removing duplicate records, there are 4225 records remaining. We excluded 3945 records through abstract and title, leaving 280 full-text articles.

Conclusion:
This will be the first study to compare the effects of different psychological treatments on depression in college students. We hope that this study will guide clinical decision-making of psychotherapy to better treat depression in college students.

Protocol Registration:
INPLASY202070134.
Non-pharmacological interventions for depressive disorder in patients after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Xu Mingmin , Guo Yu , Wei Yulong , Wang Lu , Feng Xiumei , Chen Yue , Yan Jian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background:
Depressive disorder has gradually become one of the most commonly reported disabling psychiatric complication that occurs after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Currently classical antidepressant medications may not have the same effectiveness in patients with TBI as in patients without TBI. Non-pharmacological interventions have been considered to be effective for managing depressive symptoms or treating depressive disorder. But to date the comparative effectiveness of various types of non-pharmacological interventions has been synthesized in few studies, the evidence remains inconclusive. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review and network meta-analyses is to summarize high-quality evidence and identify the most effective non-pharmacological intervention when applied to treat the depressive disorder in patients after TBI.

Methods:
The comprehensive literature search in electronic database including PubMed, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library, Web of Science database, Embase Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang Data Chinese database from inception to the search date. Only high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have used non-pharmacological interventions to treat depressive disorder after TBI will be considered. Two independent reviewers will identify eligible studies, extract and manage data information, and then determine methodical quality of included studies. Overall efficacy will be assessed as primary outcome. Secondary outcomes involved treatment response, remission rate, overall acceptability, tolerability of treatment, social functioning, occurrence of adverse events, and suicide-related outcome. Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool will be adopted to assess the risk of bias. Study heterogeneity will be measured by the I
2 statistic. Traditional pairwise meta-analyses will be performed using STATA, while WinBUGS with GeMTC package of R software will be used to carry out network meta-analysis.

Results:
This systematic review will examine the relative efficacy, effectiveness, safety, tolerability and acceptability of non-pharmacological interventions, and then to identify the most effective non-pharmacological intervention for depressive disorder after TBI.

Expected conclusion:
Our work could be used to give clinical recommendations for practice guideline developers, psychiatrist, neurologist, policymakers, researchers as well as individual with depressive disorder after TBI, and will also identify gaps in knowledge that could be the subject of future research.

Ethics and dissemination:
Neither ethics approval nor patient informed consent is necessary since this protocol was designed based on the existing literature. The results will be disseminated electronically or in print through publications in peer-reviewed scientific journal.

INPLASY registration:
INPLASY202080022.
Retrospective cohort trial protocol of screw fixation compared with hemiarthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fractures in elderly patients
Authors: Qin Boquan , Cui Linxian , Ren Yi , Zhang Hui 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background:
There is limited evidence for the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the hemiarthroplasty versus screw fixation in elderly patients with the displaced femoral neck fractures. Our current investigation aimed at assessing the complications, functional outcome, and revision rate of the patients (over 65 years old) who received internal fixation or hemiarthroplasty via a same senior surgeon.

Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted on elderly patients with displaced femoral neck fractures from May 2014 to February 2018. The current study was carried out at our hospital and it was approved through our institutional review committee of West China Hospital. Inclusion criteria were as follows: the patients were 65 years or older, this is the anesthesia grade. The higher grade of the patients,the greater risk of surgery. level I–III, and the patients with displaced intracapsular fractures of the femoral neck, with the radiographic and clinical follow-up of 12 months or more. The major outcome was the revision rate between the 2 groups. And the secondary outcomes contained the life quality and functional outcome detected via utilizing the interview-administered and self-administered questionnaires, length of hospital stay, surgery time, and hip-related complications (such as hip dislocation, loosening or breakage of implant, wound problems, infection, osteolysis, neurovascular injury, and bone nonunion).

Results:
It was assumed that hemiarthroplasty would result in fewer revisions or complications and better functional scores in comparison with internal fixation technique.
Nomogram to predict risk for early ischemic stroke by non-invasive method
Authors: Chen Shuliang , Ma Chunye , Zhang Ce , Shi Rui 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Stroke is the acute onset of neurological deficits and is associated with high morbidity, mortality, and disease burden. In the present study, we aimed to develop a scientific, nomogram for non-invasive predicting risk for early ischemic stroke, in order to improve stroke prevention efforts among high-risk groups. Data were obtained from a total of 2151 patients with early ischemic stroke from October 2017 to September 2018 and from 1527 healthy controls. Risk factors were examined using logistic regression analyses. Nomogram and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn, cutoff values were established. Significant risk factors for early ischemic stroke included age, sex, blood pressure, history of diabetes, history of genetic, history of coronary heart disease, history of smoking. A nomogram predicting ischemic stroke for all patients had an internally validated concordance index of 0.911. The area under the ROC curve for the logistic regression model was 0.782 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.766–0.799, P < .001), with a cutoff value of 2.5. The nomogram developed in this study can be used as a primary non-invasive prevention tool for early ischemic stroke and is expected to provide data support for the revision of current guidelines.