bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case of GNE myopathy mimicking hereditary motor neuropathy
Authors: Huang Y.‐N. , Chuang H.‐J. , Hsueh H.‐W. , Huang H.‐C. , Lee N.‐C. , Chao C.‐C. , Huang P.‐H. , Lee Y.‐C. , Lin K.‐P. , Yang C.‐C. , Hsieh S.‐T. 
Published: August 2020

A 36‐year‐old woman who presented with upper limb distal weakness since the age of 15 years, with gradual progression to the lower limbs, is reported. Hereditary motor neuropathy was initially suspected based on distal weakness and hyporeflexia; however, whole exome sequencing accidentally revealed a compound heterozygous variant in the GNE gene, and ultrasound revealed increased homogeneous echogenicity in the involved muscles, which is characteristic of myopathic changes. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging revealed fatty infiltration in all limb muscles, sparing the triceps brachii, vastus lateralis and vastus medialis. Muscle biopsy revealed intracytoplasmic rimmed vacuole, supporting the diagnosis of GNE myopathy.
Seasonal and spatial variability in condition of age‐0+ Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi Marini, 1933, in the San Jorge Gulf (Argentina): A bottom‐up perspective
Authors: Temperoni Brenda , Massa Agueda E. , Martos Patricia , Marrari Marina 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the north Patagonian region of the Argentinean Continental Shelf, the San Jorge Gulf (SJG; 45°‐47°S, 65°30ʹ‐67°30ʹW) is the main nursery ground of age‐0+ Argentine hake Merluccius hubbsi Marini, 1933, one of the most important fishery resources in Argentina. The gulf exhibits strong seasonal and spatial fluctuations in environmental features, which might affect survival of age‐0+ individuals and recruitment to the adult population. Our main goal was to evaluate the seasonal and spatial dynamics of their nutritional status within the SJG in winter 2016, spring 2016 and summer 2017. Condition indices (relative condition factor Kn, hepatosomatic index HSI and liver lipid content %L) and diet information (feeding incidence and relative importance of prey) were combined with physical (temperature and salinity) and biological (satellite chlorophyll‐a concentration; chl‐a) data. Age‐0+ condition indices and prey intake showed significant seasonal variations, with minimum values in winter, intermediate in summer and maximum in spring, strongly coupled to the mean chl‐a concentration in each season. Herbivorous euphausiids Euphausia spp. were the preferred prey along the study period. A bottom‐up effect on condition of age‐0+ hake is suggested, manifested as lower condition values in winter, the less productive season. Spatially, better conditioned individuals matched sectors of the gulf where chl‐a concentrations were higher, coupled to the presence of frontal systems. Monitoring age‐0+ hake nutritional status is relevant in the current global change scenario, which might modify phytoplankton biomass and composition and, consequently, the herbivorous zooplankton abundances.
Density‐dependent egg production in chub mackerel in the Kuroshio Current system
Authors: Takasuka Akinori , Yoneda Michio , Oozeki Yoshioki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA paradigm of proportionality between spawning stock biomass (SSB) and total egg production (TEP) has been largely untested at multidecadal scales mainly because of difficulty in estimating annual TEP. Recently, this paradigm was directly tested for sardine (Sardinops melanostictus) and anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) at a multidecadal scale to reveal that SSB–TEP proportionality was partially distorted by intraspecific (sardine) and interspecific (anchovy) density dependence in total egg production per spawner individual (TEPPS) or unit weight (TEPPSW). In the present study, we demonstrate intraspecific density dependence in TEPPS/TEPPSW for chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) in the Kuroshio Current system, using a proxy for TEPPS/TEPPSW, calculated from snapshot abundance data based on fishery‐independent egg surveys in combination with fishery‐dependent stock assessment data, at a multidecadal scale (38 years). TEPPS/TEPPSW exponentially declined with SSB, indicating a strong intraspecific density dependence in TEPPS/TEPPSW in chub mackerel. The observed phenomenon for chub mackerel was similar to that for sardine. Hence, intraspecific density dependence in TEPPS/TEPPSW may be a phenomenon that is generally applicable for species with a high maximum biomass and large population fluctuations. Lastly, we recommend the application of a TEP‐based framework to studies on recruitment mechanisms of fish.
Greater topoclimatic control of above‐ versus below‐ground communities
Authors: Mod Heidi K. , Scherrer Daniel , Di Cola Valeria , Broennimann Olivier , Blandenier Quentin , Breiner Frank T. , Buri Aline , Goudet Jérôme , Guex Nicolas , Lara Enrique , Mitchell Edward A. D. , Niculita‐Hirzel Hélène , Pagni Marco , Pellissier Loïc , Pinto‐Figueroa Eric , Sanders Ian R. , Schmidt Benedikt R. , Seppey Christophe V. W. , Singer David , Ursenbacher Sylvain , Yashiro Erika , van der Meer Jan R. , Guisan Antoine 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAssessing the degree to which climate explains the spatial distributions of different taxonomic and functional groups is essential for anticipating the effects of climate change on ecosystems. Most effort so far has focused on above‐ground organisms, which offer only a partial view on the response of biodiversity to environmental gradients. Here including both above‐ and below‐ground organisms, we quantified the degree of topoclimatic control on the occurrence patterns of >1,500 taxa and phylotypes along a c. 3,000 m elevation gradient, by fitting species distribution models. Higher model performances for animals and plants than for soil microbes (fungi, bacteria and protists) suggest that the direct influence of topoclimate is stronger on above‐ground species than on below‐ground microorganisms. Accordingly, direct climate change effects are predicted to be stronger for above‐ground than for below‐ground taxa, whereas factors expressing local soil microclimate and geochemistry are likely more important to explain and forecast the occurrence patterns of soil microbiota. Detailed mapping and future scenarios of soil microclimate and microhabitats, together with comparative studies of interacting and ecologically dependent above‐ and below‐ground biota, are thus needed to understand and realistically forecast the future distribution of ecosystems.
Antibody detection assays for COVID‐19 diagnosis: an early overview
Authors: Ejazi Sarfaraz Ahmad , Ghosh Sneha , Ali Nahid 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has not only commenced a global health emergency but also agitated various aspects of humanity. During this period of crisis, researchers over the world have ramped their efforts to constrain the disease in all possible ways, whether it is vaccination, therapy or diagnosis. Because the spread of the disease has not yet elapsed, sharing the ongoing research findings could be the key to disease control and management. An early and efficient diagnosis could leverage the outcome until a successful vaccine is developed. Both in‐house and commercial kits are the preferred molecular tests being used worldwide in the COVID‐19 diagnosis. However, the limitation of high prices and lengthy procedures impede their use for mass testing. Keeping the constant rise of infection in mind, the search for an alternative test that is cost‐effective, simple and suitable for large‐scale testing and surveillance is the need of the hour. One such alternative could be immunological tests. In the last few months, a deluge of immunological rapid tests have been developed and validated across the globe. The objective of this review is to share the diagnostic performance of various immunological assays reported so far in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 case detection. We consolidate the studies (published and preprints) related to serological tests such as chemiluminescence, enzyme‐linked and lateral flow‐based point‐of‐care tests in COVID‐19 diagnosis and update the current scenario. This review aims to be an add‐on in COVID‐19 research and will contribute to congregation of the evidence for decision making.
The empowering potential of intergroup leadership: How intergroup leadership predicts psychological empowerment through intergroup relational identification and resources
Authors: van der Stoep Joost , Sleebos Ed , van Knippenberg Daan , van de Bunt Gerhard 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAs work increasingly transcends organizational boundaries, employee psychological empowerment benefits from resources provided by others outside of the employee's own team, department, or organization. These intergroup collaborations, however, may be inhibited by social identity and social categorization processes, so that the empowerment potential of these relations remains largely untapped. In this study (N = 213), we demonstrate that intergroup leadership is linked to employee psychological empowerment via intergroup relational identification and access to resources. In this way, this study demonstrates the empowering potential of intergroup leadership and intergroup relational identification for employees who collaborate across group barriers. We finish this paper by discussing the main implications for both empowerment and intergroup leadership theory, suggesting fruitful avenues for future research and highlighting the practical value for those who are motivated to increase psychological empowerment among boundary‐spanning employees.
C5 conserved region of hydrophilic C‐terminal part of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nha1 antiporter determines its requirement of Erv14 COPII cargo receptor for plasma‐membrane targeting
Authors: Papouskova Klara , Moravcova Michaela , Masrati Gal , Ben‐Tal Nir , Sychrova Hana , Zimmermannova Olga 
Published: August 2020

AbstractErv14, a conserved cargo receptor of COPII vesicles, helps the proper trafficking of many but not all transporters to the yeast plasma membrane, for example, three out of five alkali‐metal‐cation transporters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Among them, the Nha1 cation/proton antiporter, which participates in cell cation and pH homeostasis, is a large membrane protein (985 aa) possessing a long hydrophilic C‐terminus (552 aa) containing six conserved regions (C1–C6) with unknown function. A short Nha1 version, lacking almost the entire C‐terminus, still binds to Erv14 but does not need it to be targeted to the plasma membrane. Comparing the localization and function of ScNha1 variants shortened at its C‐terminus in cells with or without Erv14 reveals that only ScNha1 versions possessing the complete C5 region are dependent on Erv14. In addition, our broad evolutionary conservation analysis of fungal Na+/H+ antiporters identified new conserved regions in their C‐termini, and our experiments newly show C5 and other, so far unknown, regions of the C‐terminus, to be involved in the functionality and substrate specificity of ScNha1. Taken together, our results reveal that also relatively small hydrophilic parts of some yeast membrane proteins underlie their need to interact with the Erv14 cargo receptor.
The use of lung ultrasound compared to chest X‐ray to diagnose pneumothorax following the Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum repair in children
Authors: Bonfiglio Rachele , Disma Nicola , Stagnaro Nicola , Girometti Rossano , Gentile Alice , Torre Michele , Bove Tiziana , Vetrugno Luigi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPectus Excavatum is the most common deformation of the skeletal chest wall, and the Nuss procedure is used to correct this deformation. Residual pneumothorax is a frequent postoperative complication after thoracoscopy. Primary aim of this prospective observational study was to compare the level of agreement among readers using lung ultrasound and chest X‐ray.MethodsThis was an inter‐reader single‐center prospective observational agreement study for lung ultrasound and chest X‐ray. Three lung ultrasound evaluations were performed at the end of surgery in the operating room by two Consultant Anesthesiologist (A1 and A2) and by a medical student (A3). Chest X‐ray was interpreted by a consultant Radiologist (R1) and a pool of 11 radiologists (collectively named R2). Cohen's kappa was used to evaluate the level of agreement between the two imaging techniques.ResultsSixty‐eight pediatric patients were included in the study. The overall agreement among (A = Anesthesiologist) A1, A2, A3, (R = Radiologist) R1, and R2 in assessing pneumothorax was fair (k = 0.32; 95% CI 0.21‐0.40). The stratified analysis showed moderate inter‐reader agreement among lung ultrasound readers A1, A2, and A3 (k 0.58; 95% CI 0.44‐0.71), as opposed to the fair agreement found among chest X‐ray readers R1 and R2 (k = 0.39; 95% CI 0.18‐0.60).ConclusionsOur results support the use of lung ultrasound to diagnose pneumothorax after Nuss procedure. We found that the inter‐reader accuracy was better with ultrasound compared to X‐ray at our institution.
Mitigating the impact of selective phenotyping in training populations on the prediction ability by multi‐trait pedigree and genomic selection models
Authors: Michel Sebastian , Löschenberger Franziska , Sparry Ellen , Ametz Christian , Bürstmayr Hermann 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTraining populations for pedigree and genomic prediction in plant breeding programmes are largely updated with superior genotypes from multi‐environment trials, where they are tested with the goal of variety development. Such a selective phenotyping has, however, a negative impact on prediction abilities, especially when only a subset of breeding lines can be tested, as for laborious and costly to phenotype traits. This study focused, thus, on investigating the impact of selective phenotyping in the training population of an applied wheat breeding programme, and assessing the potential to mitigate this impact by pedigree and genomic multi‐trait prediction models as well as bi‐directionally selected training populations for several baking quality parameters. Combining both pedigree and genomic information in multi‐trait prediction models with pre‐existing phenotypic information for protein content and sedimentation value compensated for the observed loss in prediction ability, while entering few inferior breeding lines into the training population further mitigated the impact of selective phenotyping and even led to a slight increase of prediction ability in comparison to a randomly chosen training population.
A retrospective review of phototherapy in children, at a tertiary paediatric dermatology unit
Authors: Seccombe Ella , Wynne Matthew David , Clancy Cornelius , Godfrey Keith M. , Fityan Adam 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground/PurposeTo examine the efficacy, tolerability and safety of phototherapy in children, in whom there is currently a paucity of data.Materials and MethodsRetrospective review of children under 18 years who received narrowband UVB (NB‐UVB), broadband UVB (BB‐UVB) phototherapy or psoralen with UVA (PUVA) photochemotherapy between 2003 and 2017 at a tertiary Paediatric dermatology centre in Southampton, UK.Results100 children aged 6‐17 years were included. The majority of children had psoriasis (74), atopic dermatitis (10) or vitiligo (8), with others having rarer dermatoses. Grade 2 erythema or above occurred in 46% of all included children and 42% (36/86) of those receiving NB‐UVB; however, grade 3 and 4 reactions were infrequent and only 3 children stopped treatment due to burning. NB‐UVB was particularly effective in those with psoriasis; 55/65 (85%) significantly improved, and 72% had not relapsed after 2 years. However, its effectiveness in atopic dermatitis was less convincing; in a small group of children, 6/10 (60%) significantly improved, but 66% relapsed within 3 months.ConclusionsOur analysis demonstrates that NB‐UVB is effective in children with psoriasis and vitiligo, with potential to achieve extended periods of remission in psoriasis. Its usefulness in atopic dermatitis is less clear. The long‐term safety of NB‐UVB in children is still unknown, but it appears to be a well‐tolerated treatment and should be considered in children for a variety of inflammatory dermatoses before progressing to immunosuppressive therapies.
Do Street‐Level Bureaucrats Discriminate Based on Religion? A Large‐Scale Correspondence Experiment among American Public School Principals
Authors: Pfaff Steven , Crabtree Charles , Kern Holger L. , Holbein John B. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAlthough public administration scholars have long studied discrimination on the basis of race/ethnicity,class,and gender,little to no research exists on whether street‐level bureaucrats provide differential services based on the religious identity of their constituents. This article reports the results from a large‐scale correspondence study of street‐level bureaucrats in the American public school system. The authors emailed the principals of a large sample of public schools and asked for a meeting,randomly assigning the religious (non)affiliation of the family. To get at potential causal mechanisms,religious belief intensity was also randomly assigned. The findings show evidence of substantial discrimination against Muslims and atheists on a par with,and sometimes larger than,the racial discrimination found in previous studies. These individuals are substantially less likely to receive a response,with discrimination growing when they signal that their beliefs are more intense. Protestants and Catholics face no discrimination unless they signal that their religious beliefs are intense.
Effects of a mindfulness‐based programme on the health‐ and work‐related quality of life of healthcare professionals
Authors: Cascales‐Pérez María Luisa , Ferrer‐Cascales Rosario , Fernández‐Alcántara Manuel , Cabañero‐Martínez María José 
Published: August 2020

Background and ObjectivesThe objective of mindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR) programmes is to promote awareness of the present moment without judging, evaluating or reacting to the different thoughts or emotions that may arise. Development of these abilities appears especially important for healthcare professionals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and medium‐ and long‐term effects of a MBSR programme for primary care (PC) health professionals on their health‐related quality of life and quality of work life.DesignRandomised clinical trial using an intervention and control group with follow‐up of the experimental group.SettingPrimary Care centres in the Alicante Public Health Service (Spain).ParticipantsParticipants were PC health professionals (N = 58) divided between an intervention group receiving the 8‐week MBSR programme and a control group receiving a theoretical training session alone.MethodBoth groups were evaluated at baseline and at 8 weeks, and the intervention group was additionally evaluated at 3‐, 6‐, 9‐ and 12‐month postprogramme.ResultsIn comparison to the control group, the intervention group obtained higher scores postintervention for mindfulness, health‐related quality of life, mood and compassion satisfaction and a lower score for burnout. Improvements in mindfulness, mood and burnout syndrome persisted at 12 months after the programme.ConclusionsIn conclusion, MBSR is an effective intervention to enhance the health‐related quality of life and quality of work life of Primary Care Health professionals.
A Review of Geothermal Technologies and Their Role in Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the USA
Authors: Ball Philip J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA review of conventional, unconventional, and advanced geothermal technologies highlights just how diverse and multi-faceted the geothermal industry has become, harnessing temperatures from 7 °C to greater than 350 °C. The cost of reducing greenhouse emissions is examined in scenarios where conventional coal or combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plants are abated. In the absence of a US policy on a carbon tax, the marginal abatement cost potential of these technologies is examined within the context of the social cost of carbon (SCC). The analysis highlights that existing geothermal heat and power technologies and emerging advanced closed-loop applications could deliver substantial cost-efficient baseload energy, leading to the long-term decarbonization. When considering an SCC of $25, in a 2025 development scenario, geothermal technologies ideally need to operate with full life cycle assessment (FLCA) emissions, lower than 50 kg(CO2)/MWh, and aim to be within the cost range of $30−60/MWh. At these costs and emissions, geothermal can provide a cost-competitive low-carbon, flexible, baseload energy that could replace existing coal and CCGT providing a significant long-term reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study confirms that geothermally derived heat and power would be well positioned within a diverse low-carbon energy portfolio. The analysis presented here suggests that policy and regulatory bodies should, if serious about lowering carbon emissions from the current energy infrastructure, consider increasing incentives for geothermal energy development.
Complementarity Relationships and Critical Configurations in Rigid-Body Collisions of Planar Kinematic Chains With Smooth External Contacts
Authors: Hurmuzlu Yildirim 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this article, we consider a special class of collision problems that are frequently encountered in the field of robotics. Such problems can be described as a kinematic chain with one of its ends striking an external surface, while the remaining ends resting on other surfaces. This type of problem involves complementarity relationships between the normal velocities and impulses at the contacting ends. We present a solution method that takes into account the complementarity conditions at the contacting ends. In addition, we study the critical configurations of particle and rigid-body chains where the impulse wave generated by impact gets blocked before it reaches a contacting end.
Forced Convection Laminar Pulsating Flow in a 90-deg Bifurcation
Authors: Selimefendigil Fatih , Öztop Hakan F. , Khodadadi Jay M. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Numerical investigation of laminar forced convection of pulsating flow in a 90-deg bifurcation was performed with the finite volume method. The inlet velocity varies sinusoidally with time while constant wall temperature is utilized. The working fluid is air with constant properties and the numerical work is conducted for a range of the Reynolds numbers (100–2000), dividing flowrates (0.3–0.7) and Strouhal numbers (0.1–10). It is observed that the amplitudes of oscillating heat transfer are damped as the value of the Strouhal number increases. The average value of Nu number rises for higher Reynolds number and the dividing flowrate for the downstream wall of the y-channel branch. As the value of the dividing flowrate increases from 0.3 to 0.7, heat transfer is less effective in the vicinity of the branch at the Reynolds number of 500. The effects of the Reynolds number on the average Nu number variation is more pronounced for the y-branch wall for different values of dividing flowrates. Resonant type behavior of average Nu number is obtained for the y-branch channel for diving flowrates of 0.3 and 0.5.