bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leiomyosarcoma of the transverse colon with lymph node metastasis and malignant transformation: a case report
Authors: Tago Tomoya , Suzuki Shuji , Kuroda Jun , Udou Ryutaro , Nishida Kiyotaka , Oshiro Yukio , Shimazaki Jirou , Kou Keni , Morishita Yukio , Shimoda Mitsugi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
The concept of GIST was established in 1998, clearly differentiating between gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma and GISTs among gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors. Lymph node metastasis is extremely rare in true gastrointestinal leiomyosarcoma, and there are no reports of malignant transformation from leiomyoma.

Case presentation
The patient was an old woman who had undergone endoscopic mucosal resection for an Is polyp on the left side of the transverse colon at the age of 73. She was diagnosed with leiomyoma with positive surgical margins. Subsequently, she presented to our institution with a sensation of pressure in the upper abdominal region as a chief complaint at the age of 76 years. Abdominal computed tomography and colorectal endoscopy showed a tumor lesion with invagination of the intestines in the transverse colon, the same site as that of the previously resected leiomyoma. A biopsy suggested a smooth muscle tumor, and we performed partial left transverse colectomy and lymph node dissection under a diagnosis of recurrence and enlargement of the previously incompletely resected leiomyoma. Histopathological examination revealed spindle-shaped tumor cells, and the mitotic activity was 30–40/10 high-power field. Tumor cells were immunohistologically positive for α-smooth muscle actin and h-caldesmon; partially positive for desmin; negative for c-kit, CD34, DOG-1, and the S-100 protein; and showed a Ki-67 labeling index of 70–80%. She was diagnosed with leiomyosarcoma malignantly transformed from leiomyoma. Metastasis was found in 1 of the 14 resected lymph nodes. The patient did not undergo adjuvant chemotherapy, but has survived with no recurrence at 2 years after the surgery.

Conclusions
We have reported a case of leiomyosarcoma of the transverse colon with lymph node metastasis that was malignantly transformed from a leiomyoma.
Utility of ICG fluorescence imaging with vessel clamp for ileocecal resection while preserving ileal conduit constructed after previous total cystectomy
Authors: Okada Tomoaki , Kawada Kenji , Kobayashi Takashi , Wada Toshiaki , Sakai Yoshiharu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Indocyanine green (ICG) is useful for evaluating the intestinal perfusion of anastomosis. Especially for patients with prior surgeries, ICG imaging enables surgeons in visualizing the anatomical field. Here, we reported the positive and negative staining techniques of ICG fluorescence with vessel clamp for determining the optimal resection area of vessels and mesentery.

Case presentation
An 80-year-old man, who had an ileal conduit constructed after a prior total cystectomy, was diagnosed with ascending colon cancer. Although the tumor-feeding vessel was primarily the ileocecal artery, there was no detailed information about the blood running through the ileal conduit. At first, the ascending colon and the marginal vessels were transected at distal side of the tumor. Next, both, the ileocecal artery and the marginal artery of oral side of the ileal anastomotic site were clamped. Finally, we injected ICG intravenously to assess the blood flow. As a result, the blood flow between the ileal anastomotic site and transected ascending colon was not identified (negative staining). Therefore, we cut the root of the ileocecal artery, and dissected the peripheral mesocolon including the ileal anastomotic site. After the ileo-ascending colon anastomosis, we injected ICG intravenously again. The blood flow to the ileal conduit was preserved (positive staining).

Conclusion
ICG fluorescence imaging with vessel clamp can clearly visualize the demarcation line between ischemic and non-ischemic intestinal tract. In colorectal surgeries, this technique is useful to assess the anastomotic perfusion and determine optimal dissection area of vessels and mesentery in secondary intestinal surgery.
The Early Positive Approaches to Support (E-PAtS) study: study protocol for a feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial of a group programme (E-PAtS) for family caregivers of young children with intellectual disability
Authors: Coulman Elinor , Hastings Richard , Gore Nick , Gillespie David , McNamara Rachel , Petrou Stavros , Segrott Jeremy , Bradshaw Jill , Hood Kerry , Jahoda Andrew , Lindsay Geoff , Lugg-Widger Fiona , Robling Michael , Shurlock Jacqui , Totsika Vaso 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Children with intellectual disability have an IQ < 70, associated deficits in adaptive skills and are at increased risk of having clinically concerning levels of behaviour problems. In addition, parents of children with intellectual disability are likely to report high levels of mental health and other psychological problems. The Early Positive Approaches to Support (E-PAtS) programme for family caregivers of young children (5 years and under) with intellectual and developmental disabilities is a group-based intervention which aims to enhance parental psychosocial wellbeing and service access and support positive development for children. The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of delivering E-PAtS to family caregivers of children with intellectual disability by community parenting support service provider organisations. The study will inform a potential, definitive RCT of the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of E-PAtS.

Methods
This study is a feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial, with embedded process evaluation. Up to 2 family caregivers will be recruited from 64 families with a child (18 months to 5 years) with intellectual disability at research sites in the UK. Participating families will be allocated to intervention: control on a 1:1 basis; intervention families will be offered the E-PAtS programme immediately, continuing to receive usual practice, and control participants will be offered the opportunity to attend the E-PAtS programme at the end of the follow-up period and will continue to receive usual practice. Data will be collected at baseline, 3 months post-randomisation and 12 months post-randomisation. The primary aim is to assess feasibility via the assessment of: recruitment of service provider organisations; participant recruitment; randomisation; retention; intervention adherence; intervention fidelity and the views of participants, intervention facilitators and service provider organisations regarding intervention delivery and study processes. The secondary aim is preliminary evaluation of a range of established outcome measures for individual family members, subsystem relationships and overall family functioning, plus additional health economic outcomes for inclusion in a future definitive trial.

Discussion
The results of this study will inform a potential future definitive trial, to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the E-PAtS intervention to improve parental psychosocial wellbeing. Such a trial would have significant scientific impact internationally in the intellectual disability field.

Trial registration
ISRCTN70419473
On uneven internationalisation, disciplinary diversity and interpretation of co-citation analysis
Authors: Pisarevskaya Asya , Levy Nathan , Scholten Peter 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this rejoinder for this special issue, we enter into dialogue with the various commentaries that our article "Between Fragmentation and Institutionalisation" received. In doing so, we address some of the commonly-identified limitations of our paper and clarify the interpretation of some of our findings. This includes key issues such as the uneven internationalisation of migration studies, the need to reveal a broader variety of disciplinary contributions to the field, and the need for some further clarification of the results of the co-citation analysis and caveats of its interpretation.
Commissural Malalignment as a predictor of coronary artery abnormalities in patients with transposition of great arteries
Authors: Al Nasef Mohamed , Alghamdi Mohammed H. , Bello Valls Maria L. , Zahrani Ahmed M. , AlAkfash Ali , Ardah Husam I. , Diranneya Obayda M. , Alhabshan Fahad 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
In patients with transposition of the great arteries (TGA), commissural malalignment (CM) between semilunar valves may be associated with abnormal coronary (CA) pattern. We intend to assess the degree of CM with incidence of unusual CA anatomy.

Methods
We proposed a ratio to measure the distance of both ends of the anterior facing sinuses of the pulmonary valve from the facing commissure of the aortic valve. We labeled it as D1 and D2 distance. A ratio (C ratio) of the smaller distance (either D1 or D2 whichever is shorter) over the sum of both D1 and D2 was taken (D1 or D2 whichever is shorter / D1 + D2). We related this ratio with the incidence of the unusual CA anatomy in D-TGA patients.

Results
We had a total of 158 patients. We defined the point beyond which the C-Ratio becomes significantly associated with abnormal coronary artery pattern, this represents the median effective level (EL50). The EL50 of the C-Ratio was found to be equal to 31% (0.31). The prediction revealed that the CA pattern would most probably be usual when there is a minor commissural malalignment (C-Ratio less than the EL50) and most probably be unusual when there is a major malalignment (C-Ratio is greater than the EL50). The sensitivity was 71% and the specificity 88% (p-value < 0.0001).

Conclusions
The C-Ratio helps to categorize the degree of CM as minor (less than 0.31) or major (more than 0.31). A higher C-Ratio predicts a higher incidence of unusual CA pattern.
Distinguishing cerebrospinal fluid from mepivacaine using the pH test in patients undergoing elective cesarean section with combined spinal-epidural anesthesia
Authors: Ikegami Hiromi , Hotta Kunihisa , Toba Yoshie 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction
In single-space combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA), it is important to correctly determine if the fluid coming out of the spinal needle is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or the liquid used in the loss of resistance (LOR) technique. In this study, we used mepivacaine for LOR and measured the pH values of CSF and mepivacaine to determine whether the pH test is a reliable method to confirm CSF when performing single-space CSEA.

Methods
This clinical trial included 47 full-term pregnant women who underwent cesarean section. Single-space CSEA was administered at the lumbar intervertebral space using a small amount of mepivacaine for LOR. The pH values of CSF and mepivacaine were determined by the color of the test strip immediately after dropping. The area under the curve (AUC) for the pH values was calculated to determine the cutoff value for distinguishing between CSF and mepivacaine.

Results
The median pH values were 7.7 (7.1–8.0) and 6.2 (5.9–6.8) for CSF and mepivacaine, respectively. When the cutoff value of pH for distinguishing CSF from mepivacaine was 7.1 or greater, the AUC was 1.0 (100% sensitivity and specificity). Our result demonstrated that CSF can be correctly distinguished from mepivacaine in patients undergoing cesarean section under single-space CSEA using a cutoff value of pH 7.1.

Conclusion
The pH test is a simple and reliable method to confirm CSF when performing single-space CSEA with mepivacaine for LOR.

Trial registration
Accuracy of pH test paper for cerebrospinal fluid during spinal anesthesia: prospective study in healthy pregnant women under scheduled caesarean section; University Hospital Medical Information Network, UMIN000036454. Registered 1 May 2019
Primary leiomyoma of the left ventricle leading to sudden and unexpected death in a 74-year-old male: a case report
Authors: Yahaya James J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Primary cardiac tumours arising from smooth muscle cells are said to be very rare in the literature. Primary leiomyoma of the heart particularly in men is extremely rare. To the best of my knowledge, there are only two reported cases of boys with primary leiomyoma of the heart in the English literature. Most of leiomyoma tumours involving the heart reported in the literature are a result of cardiac extensions of intravenous leiomyomatosis through the inferior vena cava.

Case presentation
A case of left ventricular primary leiomyoma in a 74-year-old male is reported. He had no known previous history of heart disease but he died suddenly and unexpectedly. At autopsy, the heart measured 420 gm and when it was opened, a solid tumour of size 4 × 3 × 2 cm involving the lower left ventricle on the anterior aspect of the heart was found. The tumour was extending to the left ventricular septum and was growing by protruding into the left ventricle chamber which finally was confirmed histopathologically to be a leiomyoma.

Conclusion
Cardiac benign tumours are rare and can be life threatening because of embolization following their detachment which is manifested clinically by stroke. Additionally, they are clinically asymptomatic; therefore, they cannot be easily detected. In case of clinical suspicion, echocardiography and other imaging diagnostic tests should be used to confirm presence of a tumour.
The microbiota of the surface, dermis and subcutaneous tissue of dog skin
Authors: García-Fonticoba Rocío , Ferrer Lluís , Francino Olga , Cuscó Anna 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Studies using highly sensitive molecular techniques have detected bacterial communities below the human epidermis. Depending on their abundance and composition, this finding could be clinically relevant. The aim of this study was to determine if bacteria can be detected in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue of dogs without cutaneous disease using two different approaches: traditional cultures and DNA sequencing of the V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA gene using next-generation sequencing (NGS).

Results
Seven healthy dogs were included in the study, and two sets of samples were collected from each subject. Sample sets were composed of a 6-mm abdominal skin biopsy, including epidermis, dermis, and subcutis, a skin surface swab, and an environmental blank sample for contamination control. One set of samples from each dog was submitted for bacterial culture and the other one for bacterial DNA amplification and sequencing. Five different bacterial genera (Staphylococcus, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, and Enterococcus) were isolated in five out of the seven skin surface swab samples with aerobic microbiological culture methods, while no growth was obtained from the other two samples. Although some DNA could be amplified from epidermal, dermal, and subcutaneous tissue samples, the results of the NGS were similar to those of the blanks.

Conclusion
When investigated with aerobic microbiological culture methods, the dermis and subcutaneous tissue of dogs are sterile. NGS techniques lead to the detection of some bacterial DNA, similar to the signal detected in blanks, which does not support the presence of a microbiota in dermis or subcutaneous tissue.
Associations of Sedentary Patterns with Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Physically Active Young Males
Authors: Zheng Chen , Tian Xiao Yu , Sun Feng Hua , Huang Wendy Yajun , Sheridan Sinead , Wu Yalan , Wong Stephen Heung-Sang 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Sitting time (ST) is a serious global health issue and positively associated with cardiometabolic disease. The present study investigated associations between objectively measured ST, sedentary patterns, and cardiometabolic biomarkers in physically active young males.

Methods
Cross-sectional analysis was completed in 94 males 18–35 yr of age. Total ST, prolonged sedentary bouts (≥30 min with no interruption), and sedentary breaks (transitions from sitting/lying to standing/stepping) were assessed using activPAL. Lipids, insulin, C-peptide, C-reactive protein (CRP), vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, E-selectin, P-selectin, leptin, resistin, and adiponectin were measured using assay kits. The expression of specific proteins related to endothelial dysfunction was determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Associations between total ST, prolonged sedentary bouts, and sedentary breaks with cardiometabolic biomarkers and total ST and levels of gene expression were assessed using generalized linear models.

Results
Total ST was significantly associated with triglycerides (B = 1.814), insulin (B = 2.117), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (B = 0.071), and E-selectin (B = 2.052). Leptin (B = 0.086), E-selectin (B = 1.623), and P-selectin (B = 2.519) were significantly associated with prolonged sedentary bouts, whereas leptin (B = −0.017) and CRP (B = −0.016) were associated with sedentary breaks. After adjustment for moderate to vigorous physical activity, the associations between triglycerides (B = 2.048) and total ST, and between CRP (B = −0.016) and sedentary breaks, remained significant. E-selectin mRNA levels (B = 0.0002) were positively associated with ST with or without adjustment for moderate to vigorous physical activity.

Conclusions
Total ST and prolonged sedentary bouts were positively associated with several cardiometabolic biomarkers, with interruptions in ST potentially contributing to reduced cardiometabolic risk in physically active young male adults.
Experiences of lockdown during the Covid-19 pandemic: descriptive findings from a survey of families in the Born in Bradford study
Authors: Dickerson Josie , Kelly Brian , Lockyer Bridget , Bridges Sally , Cartwright Christopher , Willan Kathryn , Shire Katy , Crossley Kirsty , Sheldon Trevor A. , Lawlor Deborah A. , Wright John , McEachan Rosemary R C , Pickett Kate E. ,   on behalf of the Bradford Institute for Health Research Covid-19 Scientific Advisory Group
Published: October 2020

Background: Lockdown measures implemented to contain the Covid-19 virus may be increasing health inequalities, with families from deprived and ethnically diverse backgrounds most likely to be adversely affected. This paper presents findings of the experiences of the Covid-19 lockdown on families living in the multi-ethnic and deprived city of Bradford, England. Methods: Questionnaire surveys were sent during the Covid-19 UK lockdown (10th April to 30th June 2020) to parents in two prospective birth cohort studies. Cross tabulations explored variation by ethnicity and employment status. Text from open questions were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: Of 7,652 families invited, 2,144 (28%) participated. Ethnicity of respondents was: 957 (47%) Pakistani heritage, 715 (35%) White British and 356 (18%) other. 971 (46%) live in the most deprived decile of material deprivation in England. 2,043 (95%) were mothers and 101 were partners. The results summarised below are based on the mothers’ responses. Many families live in poor quality (N=574, 28%), and overcrowded (N=364, 19%) housing; this was more common in families of Pakistani heritage and other ethnicities. Financial (N=738 (37%), food (N=396, 20%), employment (N=728, 37%) and housing (N=204, 10%) insecurities were common, particularly in those who were furloughed, self-employed not working or unemployed. Clinically significant depression and anxiety symptoms were reported by 372 (19%) and 318 (16%) of the mothers and were more common in White British mothers and those with economic insecurity. Open text responses corroborated these findings and highlighted high levels of anxiety about becoming ill or dying from Covid-19. Conclusions: The experiences of the Covid-19 lockdown in this ethnically diverse and deprived population highlight a large number of families living in poor housing conditions, suffering from economic insecurity and poor mental health. There is a need for policy makers and commissioners to better support these families.
Getting Their Hands Dirty: How Female Managers Motivate Female Worker Productivity Through Subordinate Scut Work
Authors: Ranganathan Aruna , Shivaram Ranjitha 
Published: October 2020

Using ethnographic, personnel, and experimental data from an Indian garment factory, this paper investigates whether and how manager gender affects female worker productivity. We find that female managers motivate greater female worker productivity than male managers by engaging in subordinate scut work, the practice of voluntarily getting one’s hands dirty to perform subordinates’ routine tasks, which increases subordinates’ engagement with their work. Our qualitative data help to generate hypotheses that we explore using personnel data on individual productivity and test causally using a laboratory-in-the-field experiment in which we randomly assign workers to supervisors and experimentally manipulate supervisors’ ability to perform subordinate scut work. This paper contributes to the literature on motivating worker productivity by drawing attention to the important role of manager gender and by studying a less-researched organization context—that of a female-dominated workplace. The paper also contributes to the literature on women in management by investigating their impact on worker performance, measured objectively, and uncovering subordinate scut work as a specific managerial practice that female managers can use to foster engagement with work and improve female worker productivity. This paper was accepted by Greta Hsu, organizations.
Acute effect of passive cycling exercise on serum levels of interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients
Authors: Carvalho Maurício Tatsch Ximenes , Real Amanda Albiero , Cabeleira Maria Eduarda , Schiling Emilly , Lopes Isabela , Bianchin Jéssica , da Silva Antônio Marcos Vargas , Annoni Raquel , de Albuquerque Isabella Martins 
Published: October 2020

Background/aimsA growing body of evidence has demonstrated that early mobilisation is beneficial for patients in the intensive care unit. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the acute effect of an early passive cycling exercise session on serum interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 levels in critically ill patients.MethodsA total of 11 haemodynamically stable and deeply sedated (Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale-4) adult patients within the first 48 hours of mechanical ventilation received a single 20-minute session of passive cycle ergometer. Serum interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 levels were measured at baseline, immediately after the intervention and 60 minutes after the intervention.FindingsInterleukin-8 levels decreased significantly 60 minutes after the passive cycle ergometer session compared to baseline (P=0.001). The serum levels of interleukin-10 increased immediately after the end of the 20 minutes and at 60 minutes after the intervention (P<0.001).ConclusionsA single 20-minute session of passive cycle ergometer seems to have a positive effect on the inflammatory response in critically ill patients.