bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Nowdan anticline of the Zagros orogen as a geoheritage ‘window’ into the late Mesozoic–Cenozoic evolution of the African–Arabian continental margin
Authors: Habibi Tahereh , Ruban Dmitry A. , Yashalova Natalia N. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Geological heritage can contribute to our understanding of the long-term evolution of important sectors of our planet. Cretaceous–Neogene rocks (chiefly carbonates) crop out in the Nowdan anticline of the Zagros orogen. Field investigations have permitted the establishment of 10 key localities (stratigraphical reference sections) that represent these rocks within this anticline, which is a single large geosite. The formations are related to the main phases in the evolution of the northeastern sector of the African–Arabian continental margin. For instance, carbonate rocks of the Asmari Formation mark changes in the affinity of the study area, from the African–Arabian plate to only the Arabian plate, separated in conjunction with Red Sea rifting during the Oligocene. Information on the palaeogeographical changes is really precious to geoscientists and geotourists alike, and contributes to the great value of the Nowdan anticline geosite. Evidence from the latter, as well as from a few other places (i.e., the Mountainous Adygeya geodiversity hotspot in Russia, the North Coast of São Paulo in Brazil and the possible Gondwanan geopark in Namibia) illustrates the necessity of distinguishing a palaeomapping subtype in palaeogeographical characterisation of geological heritage.
Pumped-Storage Hydropower Plants as Enablers for Transition to Circular Economy in Energy Sector: A Case of Latvia
Authors: Zvirgzdins J. , Linkevics O. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Nowadays the planet is facing emerging global issues related to climate change, pollution, deforestation, desertification and the number of challenges is expected to grow as the global population is forecasted to reach 10 billion margin by 2050. A concept of circular economy can have a positive contribution to the current development trajectories. In order to implement it, preferably all the energy should be produced by using renewable energy sources, but there has always been a challenge for storage of renewable energy. Therefore, considering technical and economical parameters, construction options for a pumped storage hydropower plant in Latvia have been evaluated using the desk research methodology. Results have shown that Daugavpils PSHP is the most attractive project from the technological point of view, but it requires the greatest amount of investment and construction of Daugavpils HPP. At present all the construction options for PSHP in Latvia are economically disadvantageous and would not be viable without co-financing from European or national funds. Considering both technical and economical parameters, the authors emphasise Plavinas PSHP construction option.
Morphology of the Vascular Bodies of the Encephalon’s Ventricles of Cow (Bos Taurus Taurus)
Authors: Prusakov Aleksey , Zelenevskiy Nikolay , Shchipakin Mikhail , Bylinskaya Dar’ya , Barteneva Yuliya , Vasil’yev Dmitriy , Stratonov Andrey , Khvatov Viktor 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The aim of the research was to establish the morphology of the vascular bodies of the encephalon ventricles of cow (Bos taurus taurus). Methods used: thin anatomical preparation, histological method of examination, transmission electron microscopy. Given the relationship, structure and general origin of the vascular bodies, they were divided into bodies III, IV and the lateral ventricles of the encephalon. This unit has topographical nature. Functionally, vascular bodies are an indivisible organ whose main function is the secretion of the cerebrospinal fluid, which maintains the constancy of the central nervous system internal environment. Three types of capillaries, differing in their morphology, were found in the composition of the vascular bodies’ villi in Bos taurus taurus.
Using local climate zones to compare remotely sensed surface temperatures in temperate cities and hot desert cities
Authors: Fricke Cathy , Pongrácz Rita , Gál Tamás , Savić Stevan , Unger János 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Urban and rural thermal properties mainly depend on surface cover features as well as vegetation cover. Surface classification using the local climate zone (LCZ) system provides an appropriate approach for distinguishing urban and rural areas, as well as comparing the surface urban heat island (SUHI) of climatically different regions. Our goal is to compare the SUHI effects of two Central European cities (Szeged, Hungary and Novi Sad, Serbia) with a temperate climate (Köppen-Geiger’s Cfa), and a city (Beer Sheva, Israel) with a hot desert (BWh) climate. LCZ classification is completed using WUDAPT (World Urban Database and Access Portal Tools) methodology and the thermal differences are analysed on the basis of the land surface temperature data of the MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) sensor, derived on clear days over a four-year period. This intra-climate region comparison shows the difference between the SUHI effects of Szeged and Novi Sad in spring and autumn. As the pattern of NDVI (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index) indicates, the vegetation coverage of the surrounding rural areas is an important modifying factor of the diurnal SUHI effect, and can change the sign of the urban-rural thermal difference. According to the inter-climate comparison, the urban-rural thermal contrast is the strongest during daytime in summer with an opposite sign in each season.
How to organise limited space: Micro-regionalisation of La Digue island (Seychelles)
Authors: Henryk Jędrusik Maciej 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Islands, especially small ones, are commonly studied as microcosms of natural and social processes. In this article, La Digue island (10 km2) in the Seychelles archipelago was treated as such. An attempt was made to analyse the significance of the natural environment for the features of spatial development under conditions of intense globalisation. For this purpose, functional micro-regions were determined, along with their genesis and evolution. Spatial dynamics and individual features of space are presented as chorème (Brunet 1986). The analysis was based on data from a library query and field observation and field studies in July 2018. Twelve functional regions were determined. Analysis of the distribution and evolution of their functions reveals a high dependence on natural environmental features, especially topography, and thus confirms (at the scale in question) a geographical determinism.
Micro-structural and bonding structure analysis of TiAlN thin films deposited with varying N2 flow rate via ion beam sputtering technique
Authors: Das Soham , Gupta Mukul , Sharma Ashis , Swain Bibhu P. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN) thin films were deposited on Si(1 0 0 ) substrate using titanium and aluminum targets in 1:1 ratio at various N2 flow rates using ion beam sputtering (IBS) technique. The morphology, particle and crystallite size of TiAlN thin films were estimated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) technique, respectively. The SEM images of the TiAlN thin films revealed smooth and uniform coating, whereas AFM images confirmed the particle size varying from 2.5 nm to 8.8 nm, respectively. The crystallite size and lattice strain were observed to vary from 4.79 nm to 5.5 nm and 0.0916 and 0.0844, respectively, with an increase in N2 flow rate in the TiAlN thin films. The X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) results showed Ti L, N K and O K-edges of TiAlN coating within a range of 450 eV to 470 eV, 395 eV to 410 eV and 480 eV to 580 eV photon energy, respectively. The electronic structure and chemical bonding of state of c-TiAlN thin film of Ti L, N K and O K-edges were analyzed through semi-empirical curve fitting technique.
Plasmonic nanostructures of SnO2:Sb thin film under gamma radiation response
Authors: Maged A. F. , Amin M. , Osman H. , Nada L.A. M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper is a part of a natural dye solar cell project. Conductive transparent oxide (CTO) films have been deposited onto preheated glass substrates using a spray pyrolysis technique. The optical, electrical, structural properties as well as thermal annealing and gamma radiation response were studied. The average optical energy gap of doped films for direct allowed and direct forbidden transitions were found to be 3.92 and 3.68 eV, respectively. The plasmon frequency and plasmon energy after doping were found to be 3.48 × 1014 s −1 and 0.23 eV. The negative absorbance of the doped film was observed in UV-Vis range after applying both thermal annealing and γ-dose irradiation with 22 kGy. The negative refractive index of the doped film in UV range (220 – 300 nm) is promising for optical applications. The electron mobility μe reached a maximum of 27.4 cm2 V−1 s−1 for Sb concentration of 10 %. The corresponding resistivity ρ, and sheet resistance Rs reached their minimum values of 1.1 × 10−3 Ω cm and 35 Ω sq−1, respectively. The dopant concentration has been increased from 4.13 × 1019 to 2.1 × 1020cm−3. The doped film was found to exhibit three diffraction peaks associated with (2 2 2), (2 0 0), and (2 1 1) reflection planes, of which the peak of (2 2 2) of Sb2O3 and the peak of (2 0 0) were very close.
Microstructure, transmittance and upconversion luminescence of Y2O3:Er3+ translucent ceramics
Authors: Guo Yanyan , Wu Xinghua , Wang Qingkai , Wang Dianyuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Y2O3:Er3+ translucent ceramics was fabricated with addition of La(OH)3 nanopowder as a sintering aid. The influence of La(OH)3 addition on the microstructure, transmittance and upconversion luminescence of Y2O3:Er3+ ceramics was investigated in detail. The results show that the ceramics sample with 5 mol % La(OH)3 additives exhibits finer microstructure with fewer pores and higher optical transmittance than others. It was proved that La(OH)3 additives could greatly reduce the porosity and improve the transparency of Y2O3:Er3+ ceramics. By using a 980 nm diode laser as a pumping source, the Y2O3:Er3+ ceramics gave bright visible upconversion luminescence, which was ascribed to the radiative transitions of 2H11/2,4S3/2 →4I15/2 and 4F9/2 →4I15/2 of Er3+ ions, respectively. The possible upconversion mechanism has been proposed accordingly.
SCMNPs@Uridine/Zn: An efficient and reusable heterogeneous nanocatalyst for the rapid one-pot synthesis of tricyclic fused pyrazolopyranopyrimidine and 3-methyl carboxylate substituted pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Wei Jia , Gui Wenjun , Cui Yanjun , Zhang Zhifang , Yousif Qahtan A. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
SCMNPs@Uridine/Zn is utilized as an environmental-friendly and efficient heterogeneous nanocatalyst for two one-pot four-component condensation reactions, containing hydrazine hydrate, arylaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate, and barbituric acid to yield tricyclic fused pyrazolopyranopyrimidine derivatives (5a-q), and hydrazine hydrate, arylaldehyde, malononitrile, and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate/diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate to yield 3-methyl carboxylate substituted pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives (8a-y) under solvent-free conditions with high to excellent yields. The main advantages of this process are easy work-up, short reaction times, no chromatographic purifications, and recyclability of the catalyst for a minimum of six runs without any significant decrease in yields of the products. Also, the prepared catalyst SCMNPs@Uridine/Zn was synthesized and fully characterized by various techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Raman spectroscopy.
The impact of reagents concentration on the efficiency of obtaining high-purity magnesium hydroxide
Authors: Radomski Piotr , Jarosiński Andrzej , Wzorek Zbigniew , Nowak Anna K. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The work presents the impact of reagents concentration and the drying process on the efficiency of obtaining magnesium hydroxide and its specific surface area. Magnesium sulphate(VI) within the concentration range of 0.7–2.0 mol/dm3 was used in the research as magnesium feedstock and sodium hydroxide was used as a precipitating agent within the same concentration range. The process of obtaining magnesium hydroxide was carried out with a 25% excess of the precipitating agent in relation to the reaction stoichiometry. The obtained suspension was separated by way of multi-stage sedimentation with the use of acetone and freezing samples. Depending on the concentration of reagents the efficiency of obtaining magnesium hydroxide fell within the range of 88–99%, whereas the specific surface area – within 115–609 m2/g, while the high purity of samples above 99% of magnesium hydroxide was maintained.
Multi spectral classification and recognition of breast cancer and pneumonia
Authors: Kakde Aditya , Arora Nitin , Sharma Durgansh , Sharma Subhash Chander 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
According to the Google I/O 2018 key notes, in future artificial intelligence, which also includes machine learning and deep learning, will mostly evolve in healthcare domain. As there are lots of subdomains which come under the category of healthcare domain, the proposed paper concentrates on one such domain, that is breast cancer and pneumonia. Today, just classifying the diseases is not enough. The system should also be able to classify a particular patient’s disease. Thus, this paper shines the light on the importance of multi spectral classification which means the collection of several monochrome images of the same scene. It can be proved to be an important process in the healthcare areas to know if a patient is suffering from a specific disease or not. The convolutional layer followed by the pooling layer is used for the feature extraction process and for the classification process; fully connected layers followed by the regression layer are used.
Comparative Studies of the Seatings of Propulsion Plantsand Auxiliary Machinery on Chocks Made of Metal and Cast from Resin Part II. Mounting on Cast Resin Chocks
Authors: Grudziński Paweł , Konowalski Konrad 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article is Part II of the paper containing a description and results of the experimental studies of the deformations, friction processes and structural damping that occur in the foundation bolted joints of propulsion plant components and auxiliary machinery installed on sea-going ships. Part I of this research work presents an analysis of the rigid mountings of machines and devices to the foundations on steel or resin chocks, and explains the need to carry out relevant research in this area. It also presents the description and results of experimental studies carried out for a foundation bolted joint with a conventionally used steel chock. Part II (this article) contains a description and results of similar studies carried out for a foundation bolted joint with a modern chock – cast from epoxy resin compound (EPY), specially developed for this purpose. Then, a comparative analysis of the results obtained for both bolted joints in question was made and the foundation chocks of the poured-in-place resin compound were demonstrated to better fulfill their technical tasks than the steel chocks traditionally used for this purpose.
Prediction of Welding-Induced Distortion of Fixed Plate Edge Using Design of Experiment Approach
Authors: Urbański Tomasz , Banaszek Andrzej , Jurczak Wojciech 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The paper presents the results of experimental studies on distortion of the fixed plate edge due to formation of a butt joint. This is a hidden form of weld distortion present in structural nodes and identified at the ship hull pre-fabrication stages. The investigations were performed according to a design of experiment (DoE) approach in laboratory conditions resembling those encountered in the shipbuilding industry. The presented analysis includes the technological–construction parameters influencing the evaluated distortion shape. The implemented method of experimental results evaluation allows the utilisation of the approximation dependence to predict the fixed plate edge distortion in large-scale steel structures.
The TV is Smart and Full of Trackers: Measuring Smart TV Advertising and Tracking
Authors: Varmarken Janus , Le Hieu , Shuba Anastasia , Markopoulou Athina , Shafiq Zubair 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we present a large-scale measurement study of the smart TV advertising and tracking ecosystem. First, we illuminate the network behavior of smart TVs as used in the wild by analyzing network traffic collected from residential gateways. We find that smart TVs connect to well-known and platform-specific advertising and tracking services (ATSes). Second, we design and implement software tools that systematically explore and collect traffic from the top-1000 apps on two popular smart TV platforms, Roku and Amazon Fire TV. We discover that a subset of apps communicate with a large number of ATSes, and that some ATS organizations only appear on certain platforms, showing a possible segmentation of the smart TV ATS ecosystem across platforms. Third, we evaluate the (in)effectiveness of DNS-based blocklists in preventing smart TVs from accessing ATSes. We highlight that even smart TV-specific blocklists suffer from missed ads and incur functionality breakage. Finally, we examine our Roku and Fire TV datasets for exposure of personally identifiable information (PII) and find that hundreds of apps exfiltrate PII to third parties and platform domains. We also find evidence that some apps send the advertising ID alongside static PII values, effectively eliminating the user’s ability to opt out of ad personalization.
Privacy at a Glance: The User-Centric Design of Glanceable Data Exposure Visualizations
Authors: Wilkinson Daricia , Bahirat Paritosh , Namara Moses , Lyu Jing , Alsubhi Arwa , Qiu Jessica , Wisniewski Pamela , Knijnenburg Bart P. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Smartphone users are often unaware of mobile applications’ (“apps”) third-party data collection and sharing practices, which put them at higher risk of privacy breaches. One way to raise awareness of these practices is by providing unobtrusive but pervasive visualizations that can be presented in a glanceable manner. In this paper, we applied Wogalter et al.’s Communication-Human Information Processing model (C-HIP) to design and prototype eight different visualizations that depict smartphone apps’ data sharing activities. We varied the granularity and type (i.e., data-centric or app-centric) of information shown to users and used the screensaver/lock screen as a design probe. Through interview-based design probes with Android users (n=15), we investigated the aspects of the data exposure visualizations that influenced users’ comprehension and privacy awareness. Our results shed light on how users’ perceptions of privacy boundaries influence their preference regarding the information structure of these visualizations, and the tensions that exist in these visualizations between glanceability and granularity. We discuss how a pervasive, soft paternalistic approach to privacy-related visualization may raise awareness by enhancing the transparency of information flow, thereby, unobtrusively increasing users’ understanding of data sharing practices of mobile apps. We also discuss implications for privacy research and glanceable security.
FLASH: Fast and Robust Framework for Privacy-preserving Machine Learning
Authors: Byali Megha , Chaudhari Harsh , Patra Arpita , Suresh Ajith 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) via Secure Multi-party Computation (MPC) has gained momentum in the recent past. Assuming a minimal network of pair-wise private channels, we propose an efficient four-party PPML framework over rings ℤ2ℓ, FLASH, the first of its kind in the regime of PPML framework, that achieves the strongest security notion of Guaranteed Output Delivery (all parties obtain the output irrespective of adversary’s behaviour). The state of the art ML frameworks such as ABY3 by Mohassel et.al (ACM CCS’18) and SecureNN by Wagh et.al (PETS’19) operate in the setting of 3 parties with one malicious corruption but achieve the weaker security guarantee of abort. We demonstrate PPML with real-time efficiency, using the following custom-made tools that overcome the limitations of the aforementioned state-of-the-art– (a) dot product, which is independent of the vector size unlike the state-of-the-art ABY3, SecureNN and ASTRA by Chaudhari et.al (ACM CCSW’19), all of which have linear dependence on the vector size. (b) Truncation and MSB Extraction, which are constant round and free of circuits like Parallel Prefix Adder (PPA) and Ripple Carry Adder (RCA), unlike ABY3 which uses these circuits and has round complexity of the order of depth of these circuits. We then exhibit the application of our FLASH framework in the secure server-aided prediction of vital algorithms– Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Deep Neural Networks, and Binarized Neural Networks. We substantiate our theoretical claims through improvement in benchmarks of the aforementioned algorithms when compared with the current best framework ABY3. All the protocols are implemented over a 64-bit ring in LAN and WAN. Our experiments demonstrate that, for MNIST dataset, the improvement (in terms of throughput) ranges from 24 × to 1390 × over LAN and WAN together.
A Tale of Two Trees: One Writes, and Other Reads
Authors: Le Duc V. , Hurtado Lizzy Tengana , Ahmad Adil , Minaei Mohsen , Lee Byoungyoung , Kate Aniket 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Bitcoin network has offered a new way of securely performing financial transactions over the insecure network. Nevertheless, this ability comes with the cost of storing a large (distributed) ledger, which has become unsuitable for personal devices of any kind. Although the simplified payment verification (SPV) clients can address this storage issue, a Bitcoin SPV client has to rely on other Bitcoin nodes to obtain its transaction history and the current approaches offer no privacy guarantees to the SPV clients.
This work presents T
3, a trusted hardware-secured Bitcoin full client that supports efficient oblivious search/update for Bitcoin SPV clients without sacrificing the privacy of the clients. In this design, we leverage the trusted execution and attestation capabilities of a trusted execution environment (TEE) and the ability to hide access patterns of oblivious random access machine (ORAM) to protect SPV clients’ requests from potentially malicious nodes. The key novelty of T
3 lies in the optimizations introduced to conventional ORAM, tailored for expected SPV client usages. In particular, by making a natural assumption about the access patterns of SPV clients, we are able to propose a two-tree ORAM construction that overcomes the concurrency limitation associated with traditional ORAMs. We have implemented and tested our system using the current Bitcoin Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO) Set. Our experiment shows that T
3 is feasible to be deployed in practice while providing strong privacy and security guarantees to Bitcoin SPV clients.