bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disentangling comorbidity in chronic pain: A study in primary health care settings from India
Authors: Desai Geetha , T. S. Jaisoorya , G. Sunil Kumar , L. Manoj , G. R. Gokul , Bajaj Aakash , K. Thennarasu , Chaturvedi Santosh K. 
Published: November 2020

ObjectivesThe study examined the prevalence, sociodemographic, and clinical correlates of chronic pain among primary care patients in the state of Kerala, India. It also examined the patterns and relationships of chronic physical and mental health conditions with chronic pain.MethodsThis study is a cross-sectional survey conducted among 7165 adult patients selected randomly by a multi-stage stratified design from 71 primary health centers. The questionnaires administered included Chronic pain screening questionnaire, self-reported Chronic physical health condition checklist, Patient Health Questionnaire-SADS, The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, WHO Disability Assessment Schedule and WHOQOL- BREF for Quality/Satisfaction with Life. The prevalence and comorbid patterns of chronic pain were determined. Logistic regression analysis and generalized linear mixed-effects model was employed to examine the relationship of chronic pain to socio-demographic variables and examined physical and mental health conditions.ResultsA total of 1831 (27%) patients reported chronic pain. Among those with chronic pain, 28.3% reported no co-occurring chronic mental or physical illness, 35.3% reported one, and 36.3% reported multi-morbidity. In the multivariate analysis, patients with chronic pain when compared to those without had higher odds of being older, female, having lower education, not living with their family, greater disability, and poor satisfaction with life. Chronic pain was independently associated with both medical (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis, arthritis, and other medical illnesses) and mental health conditions (depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and tobacco dependence). It showed a varying strength of association and additive effect with increasing number of co-occurring physical and mental illnesses.ConclusionsChronic pain is a common condition among primary care attendees associated with significant burden of medical and mental health comorbidity. The findings highlight the need to incorporate treatment models that will ensure appropriate management to improve outcomes within the resource constraints.
High prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among men in North Central Nigeria: Results from the Healthy Beginning Initiative
Authors: Banigbe Bolanle Feyisayo , Itanyi Ijeoma Uchenna , Ofili Elizabeth Odilile , Ogidi Amaka Grace , Patel Dina , Ezeanolue Echezona Edozie 
Published: November 2020

Background
The prevalence of hypertension in Nigeria is high and growing. The burden and risk factor distribution also vary by geographical zone. Information about prevalence, risk factors and disease status awareness are needed to guide evidence based public health response at the national and sub- national levels.

Purpose
This paper describes the prevalence of hypertension and its correlates, as well as hypertension status awareness among men in North Central, Nigeria.

Methods
A cross sectional survey was administered to male partners of pregnant women participating in the Healthy Beginning Initiative program from 2016–2018. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors, physical measurement and blood pressure readings were collected using a standardized protocol. Data was analyzed with simple and multiple logistic regression.

Results
The 6,538 men had a median age of 31 years [IQR: 26–37]. The prevalence of hypertension was 23.3% (95% CI: 22.3%-24.4%), while 46.7% had prehypertension. The odds of hypertension was associated with increasing age (OR:1.02, CI:1.01–1.03), being overweight (aOR:1.5,CI:1.3–1.8), being obese (aOR:2.6,CI:2.0–3.3), living in an urban area (aOR:1.6,CI:1.2–2.1), and alcohol use in the 30 days prior (aOR:1.2,CI:1.1–1.4). Overall, 4.5% (297/6,528) of participants had ever been told they have hypertension. Among the 23.3% (1,527/6,528) with hypertension, 7.1% (109/1,527) were aware of their disease status. Men aged 41–50 years (aOR: 1.8, CI: 1.0–3.3), and > 50 years (aOR: 2.2, CI: 1.1–4.3), had higher odds disease status awareness. Living in an urban area was associated with lower odds (aOR: 0.2, CI: 0.03–0.7) of hypertension status awareness.

Conclusion
This study showed that hypertension is already a significant public health burden in this population and that disease awareness level is very low. Alcohol use and obesity were associated with hypertension, highlighting some modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors that are prevalent in the study population. Taken together, these findings can inform the design of interventions for primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention in Nigeria and similar settings.
(BV,Lp)-decomposition,p= 1,2, of functions in metric random walk spaces
Authors: Mazón José M. , Solera Marcos , Toledo Julián 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this paper we study the(BV,Lp){(\mathrm{BV},L^{p})}-decomposition,p=1,2{p=1,2}, of functions in metric random walk spaces, a general workspace that includes weighted graphs and nonlocal models used in image processing. We obtain the Euler-Lagrange equations of the corresponding variational problems and their gradient flows. In the casep=1{p=1}we also study the associated geometric problem and the thresholding parameters describing the behavior of its solutions.
Imaging vehicle-to-vehicle communication using visible light
Authors: Ziehn Jens R. , Roschani Masoud , Ruf Miriam , Bruestle Dennis , Beyerer Jürgen , Helmer Melanie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
With advances in automated and connected driving, secure communication is increasingly becoming a safety-critical function. Injection of manipulated radio messages into traffic can cause severe accidents in the foreseeable future, and can currently be achieved without having to manipulate on-board vehicle systems directly, for example by hijacking cellphones instead and using these as senders. Thereby, large-scale attacks on vehicles can be executed remotely, and target relatively vulnerable devices. To mitigate remaining vulnerabilities in current automotive security architectures, this paper proposes a secondary communication channel using vehicle head and taillights. In contrast to existing approaches, this method allows both to achieve a sufficient data rate and to extract the angular position of the sender, by means of an imaging process which only requires close-to-market, cost-efficient technology. Through this, injecting false messages by masquerading as a different sender is considerably more challenging: The receiver can verify a message’s source position with the supposed position of the sender, e.g. by using on-board sensors or communicated information. Thereby, reliably faking both the communicated messages and the position of the sender will require direct manipulation of on-board vehicle systems, raising the security level of the function accordingly, and precluding low-threshold, wide-range attacks.
Why Children, Parrots, and Actors Cannot Speak: The Stoics on Genuine and Superficial Speech
Authors: Assaturian Sosseh 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAt Varro LL VI.56 and SE M 8.275-276, we find reports of the Stoic view that children and articulate non-rational animals such as parrots cannot genuinely speak. Absent from these testimonia is the peculiar case of the superficiality of the actor’s speech, which appears in one edition of the unstable text of PHerc 307.9 containing fragments of Chrysippus’ Logical Investigations. Commentators who include this edition of the text in their discussions of the Stoic theory of speech do not offer a univocal account of the superficiality of the parrot’s, the child’s, and the actor’s speech. In this paper, I offer a reconstruction of the Stoic account of genuine and superficial speech and show that not only is there an account of superficial speech that univocally explains the superficiality of the speech of parrots, children, and actors, but that this account challenges traditional assumptions about the entities at the heart of the Stoic theory of language—lekta. It will turn out that genuine speech is the expression of alektonby way of performing a speech act, and that this account of superficial speech can be used to explain other linguistic phenomena that are of interest to the Stoics, such as sentences in insoluble sophisms and sentences containing demonstratives that do not refer to anything in the subject term. Importantly, my reconstruction shows, against the near consensus view oflekta, thatlektado not primarily explain what makes an utterance meaningful. Rather, they primarily explain what makes an utterance an instance of genuine speech.
Critical autoethnographic narrative: Ideological contention, metacommentary and aesthetic labor in language education
Authors: Fallas-Escobar Christian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Based on the premise that human experience is storied, the researcher engaged in the writing of critical autoethnographic narratives to examine ideological contention in language learning, language use, and language teaching. Using raciolinguistic ideologies as theoretical framework, he shows the ways ideological orientations embedded in circulating metacommentary push individuals to engage in aesthetic labor around the ways they employ their linguistic resources. Findings suggest that language educators and learners should engage in critical examination of seemingly innocent metalinguistic commentary, as these contain contradictory and multiple ideological orientations that largely shape the perception and employment of speakers’ linguistic repertoires.
Fast moving horizon estimation using multi-level iterations for microgrid control
Authors: Gutekunst Jürgen , Scholz Robert , Nurkanović Armin , Mešanović Amer , Bock Hans Georg , Kostina Ekaterina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Accurate state-estimation is a vital prerequisite for fast feedback control methods such as Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC). For efficient process control, it is of great importance that the estimation process is carried out as fast as possible to provide the feedback mechanism with fresh information and enable fast reactions in case of any disturbances. We discuss how Multi-Level Iterations (MLI), known from NMPC, can be applied to the Moving Horizon Estimation (MHE) method for estimating the states and parameters of a system described by a Differential Algebraic Equation model. A challenging field of application for the proposed MLI-MHE method are electric microgrids. These push current control approaches to their limits due to the rising penetration of volatile renewable energy sources and the fast electrical system dynamics. We investigate the closed-loop control performance of the proposed MLI-MHE algorithm in combination with an NMPC controller for a realistic sized microgrid as a numerical example.
Europäische Gelehrtennetzwerke digital rekonstruieren: Vernetzung von Briefmetadaten mit Early Modern Letters Online (EMLO)
Authors: Carius Hendrikje 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Für die Vernetzung weltweit verteilter Daten und Ressourcen in den historisch arbeitenden Kultur- und Geisteswissenschaften haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten eine Vielzahl an digitalen Forschungsinfrastrukturen etabliert, darunter die Briefdatenbank Early Modern Letters Online (EMLO). Der Bericht gibt einen Einblick in ein laufendes Projekt der Forschungsbibliothek Gotha der Universität Erfurt, in dem die im Kalliope-Verbundkatalog erschlossenen Briefmetadaten einer Gelehrtenkorrespondenz aus dem 18. Jahrhundert in EMLO eingespielt werden. In den Blick genommen werden insbesondere Potentiale, Workflow sowie Herausforderungen der Datenvernetzung mit EMLO.
CircSAMD4A contributes to cell doxorubicin resistance in osteosarcoma by regulating the miR-218-5p/KLF8 axis
Authors: Wei Wei , Ji Liefeng , Duan Wanli , Zhu Jiang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCircular RNA sterile alpha motif domain containing 4A (circSAMD4A) was found to be differentially expressed in osteosarcoma and contributed to the tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma. However, the role of circSAMD4A in doxorubicin (DXR) resistance of osteosarcoma is yet to be elucidated. Levels of circSAMD4A, microRNA (miR)-218-5p and Krüppel-like factor 8 (KLF8) were detected using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Western blot was applied to detect the protein levels of KLF8, cyclin D1 and p21. Cell viability, cell cycle, migration and invasion were analyzed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay, respectively. The interaction between miR-218-5p and circSAMD4A or KLF8 was verified using dual-luciferase reporter assay or RNA immunoprecipitation assay. In vivo experiments were performed using murine xenograft models. CircSAMD4A and KLF8 were elevated in osteosarcoma, and knockdown of circSAMD4A or KLF8 sensitized osteosarcoma cells to DXR by mediating resistant cell viability, migration and invasion inhibition, and cell cycle arrest in vitro. miR-218-5p was decreased in osteosarcoma, and miR-218-5p inhibition enhanced DXR resistance. Besides, miR-218-5p was found to bind to circSAMD4A or KLF8, and subsequent rescue experiments indicated that miR-218-5p inhibition reversed the inhibitory effects of circSAMD4A silencing on DXR resistance, and silencing miR-218-5p enhanced DXR resistance by targeting KLF8 in osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, circSAMD4A could indirectly regulate KLF8 via miR-218-5p. Additionally, circSAMD4A knockdown enhanced the cytotoxicity of DXR in osteosarcoma in vivo via regulating miR-218-5p and KLF8. In all, circSAMD4A enhanced cell DXR resistance in osteosarcoma by regulating the miR-218-5p/KLF8 axis, suggesting a novel therapeutic target for therapy-resistant osteosarcoma.
In vitro induction and characterisation of tetraploid drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera Lam.)
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Pian Ruiqi , Yang Endian , Zhou Wei , He Qian , Chen Xiaoyang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractArtificial induction of polyploidy is widely used in breeding programmes to improve the agronomic traits. The drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera Lam.) has a range of potential commercial uses, as the vegetative organs have high nutritional, medicinal, and feed values. In the present study, in vitro tetraploidisation in drumstick tree was performed by treating leaf segments with colchicine and subsequently verifying the ploidy levels. For polyploidisation, explant survival and regeneration rates were affected more by exposure time than by colchicine concentration, and the highest polyploidisation efficiency was observed at 500 mg/L colchicine for 3 days, which yielded 21% tetraploids. The morphological characteristics and contents of seven fodder-related nutrients (crude protein, ether extract, ash, acid detergent fibre, neutral detergent fibre, calcium, and phosphorus) in the leaves and shoots were compared between tetraploid and diploid drumstick trees. The resulting tetraploids showed significantly enhanced leaf and stomatal size. In addition, the contents of seven fodder-related nutrients were higher, although to varying degrees, in tetraploids than in diploids. The results indicated that the tetraploid produced in this study exhibited superior agronomical traits and improved biomass yield than diploids, and may represent excellent raw materials for fodder to enhance biomass and nutrition.
A detailed and comparative work for retinal vessel segmentation based on the most effective heuristic approaches
Authors: Çetinkaya Mehmet Bahadır , Duran Hakan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Computer based imaging and analysis techniques are frequently used for the diagnosis and treatment of retinal diseases. Although retinal images are of high resolution, the contrast of the retinal blood vessels is usually very close to the background of the retinal image. The detection of the retinal blood vessels with low contrast or with contrast close to the background of the retinal image is too difficult. Therefore, improving algorithms which can successfully distinguish retinal blood vessels from the retinal image has become an important area of research. In this work, clustering based heuristic artificial bee colony, particle swarm optimization, differential evolution, teaching learning based optimization, grey wolf optimization, firefly and harmony search algorithms were applied for accurate segmentation of retinal vessels and their performances were compared in terms of convergence speed, mean squared error, standard deviation, sensitivity, specificity. accuracy and precision. From the simulation results it is seen that the performance of the algorithms in terms of convergence speed and mean squared error is close to each other. It is observed from the statistical analyses that the algorithms show stable behavior and also the vessel and the background pixels of the retinal image can successfully be clustered by the heuristic algorithms.
The end of the laboratory developed test as we know it? Recommendations from a national multidisciplinary taskforce of laboratory specialists on the interpretation of the IVDR and its complications
Authors: Bank Paul C.D. , Jacobs Leo H.J. , van den Berg Sjoerd A.A. , van Deutekom Hanneke W.M. , Hamann Dörte , Molenkamp Richard , Ruivenkamp Claudia A.L. , Swen Jesse J. , Tops Bastiaan B.J. , Wamelink Mirjam M.C. , Wessels Els , Oosterhuis Wytze P. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The in vitro diagnostic medical devices regulation (IVDR) will take effect in May 2022. This regulation has a large impact on both the manufacturers of in vitro diagnostic medical devices (IVD) and clinical laboratories. For clinical laboratories, the IVDR poses restrictions on the use of laboratory developed tests (LDTs). To provide a uniform interpretation of the IVDR for colleagues in clinical practice, the IVDR Task Force was created by the scientific societies of laboratory specialties in the Netherlands. A guidance document with explanations and interpretations of relevant passages of the IVDR was drafted to help laboratories prepare for the impact of this new legislation. Feedback from interested parties and stakeholders was collected and used to further improve the document. Here we would like to present our approach to our European colleagues and inform them about the impact of the IVDR and, importantly we would like to present potentially useful approaches to fulfill the requirements of the IVDR for LDTs.
Thermal analysis: basic concept of differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry for beginners
Authors: Zainal Nurul Fatahah Asyqin , Saiter Jean Marc , Halim Suhaila Idayu Abdul , Lucas Romain , Chan Chin Han 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We present an overview for the basic fundamental of thermal analysis, which is applicable for educational purposes, especially for lecturers at the universities, who may refer to the articles as the references to “teach” or to “lecture” to final year project students or young researchers who are working on their postgraduate projects. Description of basic instrumentation [i.e. differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TGA)] covers from what we should know about the instrument, calibration, baseline and samples’ signal. We also provide the step-by-step guides for the estimation of the glass transition temperature after DSC as well as examples and exercises are included, which are applicable for teaching activities. Glass transition temperature is an important property for commercial application of a polymeric material, e.g. packaging, automotive, etc. TGA is also highlighted where the analysis gives important thermal degradation information of a material to avoid sample decomposition during the DSC measurement. The step-by-step guides of the estimation of the activation energy after TGA based on Hoffman’s Arrhenius-like relationship are also provided.
Pistis, Persuasion, andLogosin Aristotle
Authors: Goldin Owen 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe core sense ofpistisas understood inPosterior Analytics,De Anima, and theRhetoricis not that of a logical relation in which cognitively grasped propositions stand in respect to one another, but the result of an act of socially embedded interpersonal communication, a willing acceptance of guidance offered in respect to action. Even whenpistisseems to have an exclusively epistemological sense, this focal meaning ofpistisis implicit; to havepistisin a proposition is to willingly accept that proposition as a basis for some kind of activity (albeit possibly theoretical) as a result of some kind of communicative act. This is in accordance with Aristotle’s understanding of argumentation as a social practice, entered into in order lead others to certain actions, for certain ends. Understandingpistisin this way allows us to understand how it is thatpistisadmits of quantitative variation.
De lakrasisprésocratique à lakrasisstoïcienne : l’émergence d’un modèle organique de l’individualité
Authors: Bourbon Marion 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper focuses on the materialistic account of the blending and the way it shapes an original organism model. I aim to shed light on the threads of connections we can gather between the Presocratic and the Stoic views on the physicalkrasisof the body. The Stoics share with Parmenides and Empedocles the idea of a single material cosmiccontinuumin which thought and perception depend on the various blendings of the physical constituents of the body. Both of these naturalistic traditions are committed to the view that substance is continuous and undergoes constant and qualitative change. My point is to underline how this view of a sympathetic cosmos presupposes a model of the individuality that is radically open. Thus, by taking off the notion of thekrasis, the Stoics take off a problem – namely, that of the organism – that is first fleshed out by the Presocratics – Parmenides and Empedocles in particular – philosophers. In this respect, the Stoic view of relational identity indebts to the Presocratic account, beyond and against the Aristotelian one.
Solubility and diffusion coefficient of supercritical CO2 in polystyrene dynamic melt
Authors: Wang Long , Huang Xingyuan , Wang Duyang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The solubility and diffusion coefficient of supercritical CO2 in polystyrene (PS) dynamic melt were studied by using a new constant pressure experimental device. By comparing the experimental results with those of other researchers, the validity of the experimental device and the reliability of the calculated results are verified. The solubility and diffusion coefficient of supercritical CO2 in polystyrene dynamic melts at different temperatures and pressures were obtained. The numerical calculation method, dissolution process, and experimental results are analyzed and compared with that of the static melt. Finally, the effects of stirring speed, pressure, and temperature fluctuation on the solubility and diffusion coefficient are also analyzed.
Remembering Pablo: Escobar refuses to be forgotten
Authors: Karczewska Anna Maria 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSynonymous with Colombian cocaine and narcoterrorism, Pablo Escobar (1949–1993) was despised by the leaders of nations and became the primary target of the US government’s war on drugs. At the same time, Escobar gained fame and adulation, he entered popular culture through television and cinema, and became romanticized, idealized and turned into a myth. The aim of the paper is to analyze how Pablo Escobar became a legend and attained immortality, why this mythologizing occurred and how cultural industries added to the mythmaking process and his shaping as a folk hero.