bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Al-Bukhary Intellectul Genealogy: Tracing The Authority of An Hadith and Fiqh
Authors: Hasyim Muh. Fathoni 
Published: December 2019

Abstract: This article aims to reveal the authority of al-Bukhary as intellectul figures who have independence in dul scientific authority. He is often assumed as an expert of hadith only. In fact, as a collector of hadiths, he studied those hadiths deeper as a source of law which produced ijtihad products that are different compared to the predecessors. Therefore, some people argue that he is not only an expert of hadith but also a mujtahid (fiqh expert). In this context, it is interesting to explore the intellectul genealogy of al-Bukhary. The findings of this study prove that he succeeded in occupying a high position as an expert of both hadith and fiqh by interacting with many scholars from various regions. This interaction form his intellect which worthy of being called the absolute mujtahid. Al-Bukhary succeeded in exploring fiqh thoughts based on his extensive and deep mastery of hadiths. Through his ijtihad products, al-Bukhary had built a dynamic and authoritative tradition of Islamic intellectul treasure. Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap otoritas al-Bukhary sebagai tokoh intelektual yang memiliki independensi dalam otoritas ilmiah. Ia sering dianggap sebagai ahli hadis saja. Bahkan, sebagai pengumpul hadis, ia mempelajari hadits-hadits tersebut sebagai sumber hukum yang menghasilkan produk ijtihad yang berbeda dibandingkan dengan para pendahulunya. Oleh karena itu, beberapa orang berpendapat bahwa ia bukan hanya ahli hadits tetapi juga seorang mujtahid (ahli fiqh). Dalam konteks ini, menarik untuk mengeksplorasi silsilah al-Bukhary yang intelek. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ia memiliki otoritas independen sebagai ahli hadits dan fiqh. Otoritas tersebut merupakan hasil interaksi dengan banyak ulama dari berbagai wilayah. Interaksi guru-murid dalam upaya kodifikasi hadis ini membentuk kecerdasannya yang layak disebut mujtahid mutlak. Al-Bukhary berhasil mengeksplorasi pemikiran fiqh berdasarkan penguasaan haditsnya yang luas dan mendalam. Melalui produk ijtihadnya, al-Bukhary telah membangun tradisi yang dinamis dan otoritatif dari khazanah intelektual Islam.
Description of Knowledge and Attitude of Prospective Hajj Pilgrims KBIH Mandiri 2019 in Malang City About Hypertension
Authors: Riskiyah Riskiyah 
Published: January 2020

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Hypertension is one of the diseases that can cause people’s death and it usually does not give any symptoms. Hypertension often occurs to the pilgrims. Knowledge and proper attitudes about hypertension of prospective pilgrims from Indonesia, especially in Malang city (East Java), are expected to reduce morbidity and mortality rates because they can manage their illness, properly. The purpose of this study is to describe the level of hypertension-related knowledge and attitudes of prospective pilgrims from KBHI 2019. The method used in this study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. 48 participants have participated in this study. They are the 2019 pilgrims from Indonesia. The results showed that 18 people (38%) had good knowledge about hypertension, 17 people (35%) are intermediately educated and 13 people (27 %) are lack of knowledge. Furthermore, this study has indicated that 25 people (52%) have positive attitudes and 23 people (48%) have negative attitudes about hypertension. This study concluded that in the majority, the 2019 prospective pilgrims from Malang have good knowledge and acceptable attitudes about hypertension.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> <strong>Hajj pilgrims, hypertension, knowledge, attitude</strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p>
Parliamentary Rights Scrutiny and Counter-Terrorism Lawmaking in Australia
Authors: Moulds Sarah 
Published: December 2019

This paper evaluates the impact of pre and post-enactment scrutiny of Australia’s counter-terrorism laws enacted from 2001 until 2018. Parliamentary scrutiny of rights-engaging laws is particularly critical in the Australian content, as Australia relies on a parliamentary model of rights protection at the federal level. The evaluation framework employed in this Paper considers a range of evidence to provide a holistic account of the impact of legislative scrutiny on the content, development and implementation of Australia’s counter-terrorism laws. This includes consideration of the legislative impact of scrutiny on the content of the law, the role scrutiny plays in the public and parliamentary debate on the law, as well as the hidden impact scrutiny, may be having on policy development and legislative drafting. The results are surprising. This study finds that parliamentary rights scrutiny, particularly by parliamentary committees, has had a rights-enhancing (although rarely rights-remedying) impact on the counter-terrorism laws. Further, this research finds that the hidden or behind-the-scenes impact of parliamentary scrutiny provides a particularly fertile ground for improving the rights-protecting capacity of the Australian legislative scrutiny system. These findings and the evaluation framework employed in this Paper have application and benefits for other jurisdictions seeking to understand and improve the quality of their legislative scrutiny regimes.
Urgensi Bermain Sebagai Stimulasi Perkembangan Otak dan Solusi Mengatasi Kekerasan (Child Abuse) dalam Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Anak
Authors: Djuwita Warni 
Published: January 2020

Usia emas, usia stimulasi fungsi otak. otak tumbuh sangat pesat mencapai 70-8% diawal kehidupan anak, bayi 3 bulan ojtaknya telah membentuk koneksi yang jumlahnya 2 kali orang dewasa sekitar 1000 triliun melalui berbagai aktivitas visual, auditori, sensori dan motori Neurobiologis perkembangan otak dipicu oleh stimulasi dan pengalaman-pengalaman baru1 Silberg cara terbaik untuk mengembangkan jaringan hubungan pada otak anak kecil adalah dengan memberinya apa yang dibutuhkan, yakni suatu lingkungan yang menarik untuk dijelajahi, yang aman, dipenuhi dengan orang-orang yang merespons kebutuhan emosional maupun intellektualnya, yakni melalui program bermain2.
Musfiroh Tadkiroatun Stimulasi lingkungan ibarat pahatan yang bekerja membentuk sel-sel otak sehingga otak dapat berkembang dengan baik. Stimulasi yang menyenangkan, yang memberikan keleluasaan anakuntuk bereksplorasi melalui kegiatan menyanyi, menari, melukis, atau kegiatan bermain lainnya ( Erikson, 1990, dalam Gutama. 2003)3. dalam bermain ada penyaluran bagi energi emosional yang terpendam, bermain merupakan sarana bagi anak untuk menyalurkan ketegangan atau traumatik (kekerasan) yang disebabkan oleh pembatasan lingkungan terhadap prilaku mereka. Melalui program bermain, solusi untuk menetralisir, memori bawah sadar anak, untuk tidak menjadi catatan-catatan buruk (child abuse) yang terbawa hingga dewasanya dalam agamapun bergerak dan bermain itu tersirat dalam Sabda Rosulillah Saw " keringat anak kecil menambah kecerdasannya diwaktu dewasa" ( HR. AT-Tarmidzi)
Repensar o Currículo como Emancipador
Authors: Sousa Jesus Maria 
Published: January 2020

Se é certo que os estudos curriculares tiveram o condão de, a partir da análise crítica, chamar a atenção para os conhecimentos veiculados pelo currículo, acusando-o de indutor de desigualdades sociais, também é certo que tal facto nos deixou a nós, estudiosos do currículo, num impasse relativamente à função da escola, trazendo à discussão o tipo de conhecimento que ela deve valorizar: um conhecimento experiencial, de senso comum, circunscrito às mundividências dos alunos, ou um conhecimento mais académico e especializado, mesmo que rotulado de elitista. Esta questão ganha maior significado num contexto de educação de massas, uma vez que a ortodoxia curricular entra em choque com a diversidade cultural, sendo por isso apresentada como castradora na construção de muitas outras identidades pessoais e sociais. Mas num mundo cada vez mais globalizado e altamente competitivo, de mudança acelerada a todos os níveis sob a batuta das tecnologias de informação e comunicação, não poderá o currículo ser efetivamente um instrumento de emancipação?
A Prediction Study on the Localization Policy of Improving the Satisfaction of Chinese Visitors to Japan by Using Matrix Factorization Techniques
Authors: Zhang Kaile , Watanabe Kenji , Aoyama Tomomi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Against the background of the rapid growth of Chinese tourists to Japan, by observing the changes in the patterns of Chinese visitors to Japan and probing into the insufficiency of researches in the past studies, it is believed that online travel reviews can be used to present the current situation of tourism industry and be of value to provide the basic data for long-term sustainable research after analysis, including how to increase Chinese tourists’ satisfaction continuously and how to promote the service level of related industries. In this study, the unknown information caused by the cultural and regional differences in the reviews of Chinese visitors’ to Japan is taken as the prediction object and the local tourists’ travel comments as a reference group. Then, the factor decomposition technology and text mining technology are applied to predict the standards of services and projects that can meet the characteristics and demands of Chinese tourists. The comments of Chinese and Japanese tourists who stayed at hotels in the Hakone scenic area from May 2018 to April 2019 (time span: one year) are taken as the samples in this study. Thus, the disparity in the purpose of travel between Chinese tourists and Japanese local tourists in this scenic spot can be effectively displayed. Besides, it also clearly points out that due to a lack of understanding of Japanese food culture, Chinese visitors were in urgent need of relevant services and assistance. Therefore, this method will provide guidance for the growth of the local tourism industry and also demonstrate the feasibility of research methods. In the end, a complete analysis and calculation method for online comment text mining is established, which also provides guidance on improving the satisfaction of Chinese visitors to Japan. Besides, this method can also be considered to apply in more tourists with the same cultural background.
Multiobjective Imperialist Competitive Algorithm for Solving Nonlinear Constrained Optimization Problems
Authors: Liu Chun-an , Jia Huamin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Nonlinear constrained optimization problem (NCOP) has been arisen in a diverse range of sciences such as portfolio, economic management, airspace engineering and intelligence system etc. In this paper, a new multiobjective imperialist competitive algorithm for solving NCOP is proposed. First, we review some existing excellent algorithms for solving NOCP; then, the nonlinear constrained optimization problem is transformed into a biobjective optimization problem. Second, in order to improve the diversity of evolution country swarm, and help the evolution country swarm to approach or land into the feasible region of the search space, three kinds of different methods of colony moving toward their relevant imperialist are given. Thirdly, the new operator for exchanging position of the imperialist and colony is given similar as a recombination operator in genetic algorithm to enrich the exploration and exploitation abilities of the proposed algorithm. Fourth, a local search method is also presented in order to accelerate the convergence speed. At last, the new approach is tested on thirteen well-known NP-hard nonlinear constrained optimization functions, and the experiment evidences suggest that the proposed method is robust, efficient, and generic when solving nonlinear constrained optimization problem. Compared with some other state-of-the-art algorithms, the proposed algorithm has remarkable advantages in terms of the best, mean, and worst objective function value and the standard deviations.
Homophily Exclusion or Homophily Preference? The Influence of the Executive Identity of Nonexecutive Directors on the Focal Firm Executive Pay and Ordinary Employee Pay
Authors: Fang Shuai 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The occupational identity of nonexecutive directors exerts a considerable influence on their way of designing and distributing executive pay as well as ordinary employee pay in the focal firm. Integrating the status characteristics theory into the corporate governance literature, I theorize that status contest effect comes into play in the process of setting executive pay in the focal firm, specifically when its nonexecutive directors serve as executives on stakeholders. More often than not, such executive identity triggers the status competition with focal firm executives, which motivates nonexecutive directors to reduce the focal firm executive pay so as to secure and aggrandize their own status within the focal firm. However, since ordinary employees pose no threat to nonexecutive directors in the focal firm, they tend to increase ordinary employee pay. Basing upon the empirical test which adopts the data of China’s Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed firms, I find that the greater the focal firm’s nonexecutive director ratio, the less will be the top executives’ pay in the focal firm; the greater the focal firm’s nonexecutive director ratio, the greater will be ordinary employees’ pay in the focal firm; the greater the focal firm’s nonexecutive director ratio, the smaller will be the pay gap between top executives and ordinary employees in the focal firm. In addition, I also find that ownership power and gender can moderate the relationship between nonexecutive director ratio and executive pay: top executive ownership can alleviate the negative relationship between focal firm’s nonexecutive directors and top executives’ pay; female nonexecutive directors are more likely to increase focal firm’s ordinary employee pay than their male counterparts.
Indirect Tax Burden of Regional Residents: Study on Long Term MRIO Model
Authors: Xi Wei , Nie Yingqin , Cheng Xiran 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInvestigating the indirect tax burden of residents is an important way of understanding the effect of tax on income distribution and the tax burden transfer. In this paper, a long term MRIO model is constructed by using the regional input-output tables in China. We simulate the flow of value-added tax, consumption tax and business tax in different departments of 30 provinces (except Tibet) in mainland China from the perspective of rows in the IO table, we obtain the real burden of three indirect taxes on urban residents, and discuss the transfer of tax burden among regions. The conclusions are as follows: There are large differences in tax burden among regions. The real tax burden shifted from the eastern region to the middle and the western regions. Indirect tax aggravates the income inequality of urban residents in different regions. The indirect tax in China has a certain degree of regression. Based on the empirical analysis, we think the government should make the following policy changes: 1) Giving more consideration to the consumption terminals; 2) Adjusting preferential policies of regional taxation; 3) Increasing the amount of preferential policies for the western region.
General Method of Building a Real-Time Optimization Policy for Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Xiong Hao , Yan Huili 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Currently, most of the policies for the dynamic demand vehicle routing problem are based on the traditional method for static problems as there is no general method for constructing a real-time optimization policy for the case of dynamic demand. Here, a new approach based on a combination of the rules from the static sub-problem to building real-time optimization policy is proposed. Real-time optimization policy is dividing the dynamic problem into a series of static sub-problems along the time axis and then solving the static ones. The static sub-problems’ transformation and solution rules include: Division rule, batch rule, objective rule, action rule and algorithm rule, and so on. Different combinations of these rules may constitute a variety of real-time optimization policy. According to this general method, two new policies called flexible G/G/m and flexible D/G/m were developed. The competitive analysis and the simulation results of these two policies proved that both are improvements upon the best existing policy.
Length of Hospital Stay Is Associated with a Decline in Activities of Daily Living in Hemodialysis Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kamitani Tsukasa , Fukuma Shingo , Shimizu Sayaka , Akizawa Tadao , Fukuhara Shunichi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The impact of length of hospital stay on activities of daily living (ADLs) has not specifically been investigated among dialysis patients. Therefore, we attempt to verify the association between the length of hospital stay and the decline in ADLs among hemodialysis patients. Methods This prospective cohort study used data from the Japanese Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (J-DOPPS). We included 2,442 hemodialysis patients aged ³ 40 years from the J-DOPPS phase V (2012–2015) and subsequently excluded those who had already lost basic activities of daily living (BADLs) as demonstrated by dependency in at least three of the five BADLs at baseline and for whom changes in ADLs had been evaluated for less than 90 days. The main exposure was the cumulative length of hospital stay during the follow-up period. The primary outcomes were a decline in at least one of the five BADLs and eight instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). We compared risk ratios (RRs) for 30-day increments for hospital stays with 10-year increments for age and having diabetes. Results A total of 849 patients were included in the statistical analysis. The cumulative length of hospital stay was significantly associated with a risk of decline in ADLs (adjusted RRs [95% confidence intervals] per 30-day increments: 1.42 [1.15 to 1.75] for BADLs, 1.38 [1.13 to 1.68] for IADLs). The adjusted RRs [95% CI] for 10-year increments in age were 1.20 [0.96 to 1.50] and 1.21 [1.00 to 1.47]. The adjusted RRs [95% CI] for having diabetes were 1.36 [0.97 to 1.91] for BADLs and 1.38 [1.04 to 1.84] for IADLs. Conclusion The impact of a 30-day increment in the cumulative length of hospital stay on the decline in ADLs was comparable to that of a 10-year increase in age and having diabetes.
Tele-transitions of Care (TTOC). A 12-month, Randomized Controlled Trial evaluating the use of Telehealth to achieve Triple Aim Objectives
Authors: Noel Kimberly , Messina Catherine , Hou Wei , Schoenfeld Elinor , Kelly Gerald 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : Poor transitions of care leads to increased health costs, over-utilization of emergency room departments, increased re-hospitalizations and causes poor patient experiences and outcomes. This study evaluated Telehealth feasibility in improving transitions of care.
Methods : This is a 12-month randomized controlled trial, evaluating the use of telehealth (remote patient monitoring and video visits) versus standard transitions of care with the primary outcomes of hospital readmission and emergency department utilization and secondary outcomes of access to care, medication management and adherence and patient engagement. Electronic Medical Record data, Health Information Exchange data and phone survey data was collected. Multi-variable logistic regression models were created to evaluate the effect of Telehealth on hospital readmission, emergency department utilization, medication adherence. Chi-square tests or Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare the percentages of categorical variables between the Telehealth and control groups. T tests or Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to compared means and medians between the two randomized groups.
Results : The study conducted between June 2017 and 2018, included 102 patients. Compared with the standard of care, Telehealth patients were more likely to have medicine reconciliation (p = 0.013) and were 7 times more likely to adhere to medication than the control group (p = 0.03). Telehealth patients exhibited enthusiasm (p = 0.0001), and confidence that Telehealth could improve their healthcare (p= 0.0001). Telehealth showed no statistical significance on emergency department utilization (p = 0.691) nor for readmissions (p = 0.31). 100% of Telehealth patients found the intervention to be valuable, 98% if given the opportunity, reported they would continue using telehealth to manage their healthcare needs, and 94% reported that the remote patient monitoring technology was useful.
Conclusions: Telehealth can improve transitions of care after hospital discharge improving patient engagement and adherence to medications. Although this study was unable to show the effect of Telehealth on reduced healthcare utilization, more research needs to be done in order to understand the true impact of Telehealth on preventing avoidable hospital readmission and emergency department visits.
Tooth Extraction as a Risk Factor for Maxillary Sinus Pneumatization: A Case-control Study
Authors: Ocak Hakan , Çolpak Halis Ali , Demetoğlu Umut , Soydan Damla , Kılıç Erdem , Canger Murat E , Alkan Alper 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose Maxillary sinus pneumatization following teeth extraction may require various treatment plans such as sinus lifting and alveolar grafting procedures to obtain sufficient alveolar bone height for implant surgery. The aim of this study was to identify sinus pneumatization and to help in determining the proper time for preprosthetic surgery following extraction of maxillary sinus related teeth. Methods We evaluated 75 teeth extraction related to maxillary sinus floor. The panoramic radiographs were evaluated before and after extraction of the posterior maxillary teeth. The radiographs were divided into 5 groups according to duration after extraction. Two reference points (the first point corresponds to the nasal spine while the second point corresponds to the most inferior point of the floor of the maxillary sinus wall) were determined on digital panoramic radiographs before and after teeth extraction and the distance between both aforementioned points was measured. Results The amount of pneumatization was found to be increased with time. The pneumatization within the first 6 months was limited. However, a sudden increase of pneumatization after 6th month, especially the highest between 18th and 24th months, was observed. The mean pneumatization amount was found to be highest in the 1st molar group. Conclusion According to the results of the present study, surgeons should not be waited any more than 6 months after tooth extraction for preprosthetic surgery in the posterior maxillary region as long as physiological healing of extraction socket is allowed.