bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between gastric cancer, its precancerous lesions and bile reflux: A retrospective study
Authors: Li Dan , Zhang Jian , Yao Wen Zhu , Zhang Dong Lin , Feng Chen Chen , He Qi , Lv Huan Huan , Cao Ya Ping , Wang Jie , Qi Ying , Wu Si Ran , Wang Na , Zhao Jing , Shi Yong Quan 
Published: March 2020

ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between gastric cancer (GC) and precancerous lesions and bile reflux.MethodsMedical records of 30 465 participants who underwent gastroscopy between January and December 2018 in our center were reviewed. Their age, sex, time of endoscopy, endoscopic/histologic diagnosis and grade of bile reflux were recorded. The participants were further divided into the chronic gastritis group (n = 27 807), a precancerous lesion group (n = 1943) and a GC group (n = 715). The χ2 tests and hierarchical analyses were performed.ResultsPatients aged 18‐27 years had a higher bile reflux rate than those aged 28‐37 and 68‐75 years (P < 0.001), while it did not differ between patients aged <50 years and those over 50 years (P = 0.639). It was lower in men than in women (P < 0.001). The bile reflux rate did not differ in terms of months, seasons and half of the year (all P > 0.05), but differed between morning and afternoon when they underwent the endoscopy (P = 0.000). There was an interrelationship between the severity of gastric mucosal disease and bile reflux grade (r = 0.171). After excluding the effects of sex, age and time of endoscopy on bile reflux, bile reflux rate in chronic gastritis and precancerous lesions was lower than in gastric cancer (P < 0.01).ConclusionsBile reflux may be a risk factor for gastric cancer and precancerous lesions. A high grade of bile reflux may be associated with the progression of gastric mucosal diseases.
Dose‐response associations between serum creatinine and type 2 diabetes mellitus risk: A Chinese cohort study and meta‐analysis of cohort studies
Authors: Qin Pei , Lou Yanmei , Cao Liming , Shi Jing , Tian Gang , Liu Dechen , Zhou Qionggui , Guo Chunmei , Li Quanman , Zhao Yang , Liu Feiyan , Wu Xiaoyan , Qie Ranran , Han Minghui , Huang Shengbing , Zhao Ping , Wang Changyi , Ma Jianping , Peng Xiaolin , Xu Shan , Chen Hongen , Zhao Dan , Zhang Ming , Hu Dongsheng , Hu Fulan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to investigate the association between serum creatinine and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on a cohort analysis and meta‐analysis of cohort studies.MethodsWe enrolled 41 439 participants aged ≥18 years without T2DM at baseline, who had ≥2 health examinations based on an ongoing prospective cohort in Beijing. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. For the meta‐analysis, cohort studies reporting risk estimates for the serum creatinine‐T2DM association were included. A random‐effects model was used to calculate summary relative risks (RRs) and restricted cubic splines to model the dose‐response association.ResultsDuring a mean follow‐up of 3.54 years, 1867 developed T2DM. Low serum creatinine was associated with increased risk of T2DM; adjusted HRs (95% CIs) across sex‐specific quartiles were 1.45 (1.24, 1.71), 1.19 (1.02, 1.39), 1.07 (0.92, 1.24), and 1.00 (reference). The association was significant for both sexes and individuals with overweight or obesity. In the meta‐analysis of six cohort studies (including the current study) involving 115 767 participants and 5370 T2DM events, the pooled RR was 1.61 (95% CI 1.35, 1.92), comparing the lowest with the highest category of serum creatinine. We found a linear association between serum creatinine and T2DM risk (Pnonlinearity = .082) and an increased risk of T2DM with each 0.1‐mg/dL decrease in serum creatinine (RR = 1.07; 95% CI 1.04, 1.09).ConclusionsThe cohort study and meta‐analysis provide further evidence supporting the negative association between serum creatinine and T2DM risk in a linear dose‐response pattern.
Space use and temporal partitioning of sympatric Tasmanian devils and spotted‐tailed quolls
Authors: Andersen Georgina E. , Johnson Christopher N. , Jones Menna E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSympatric species can minimise interspecific competition by spatial avoidance or by altering their temporal activity to reduce encounter rates. The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii), the largest carnivorous marsupial, coexists with the smaller spotted‐tailed quoll (Dasyurus maculatus) in Tasmania, Australia. Quolls may be susceptible to interspecific competition from devils, because they utilise similar habitats, consume similar prey species and are displaced by devils at food sources. Such competition might cause quolls to spatially or temporally avoid devils. To investigate whether spatial or temporal avoidance occurred, we deployed GPS collars on sympatric devils and quolls and conducted a camera survey at a site in northwest Tasmania where the devil population was not affected by devil facial tumour disease. GPS tracking coincided with the lactation period when devils and quolls had young in dens and continued until weaning occurred. We found little spatial segregation of home range and core area placement between devils and quolls and among devils. Quolls showed more spatial segregation within the sexes than between them. Devils had larger home ranges than quolls. Male devils had larger home ranges than females, but there was no difference in home range size between the sexes of quolls. Females of both species travelled significantly further per night than did males. There was moderate temporal partitioning between the two species: devil activity peaked after dusk and devils remained active until the early morning, while quoll activity showed distinct peaks around dusk and dawn. In conclusion, quolls did not spatially avoid devils but moderate temporal partitioning occurred. It is plausible that quolls are active at different times of the diel cycle to reduce encountering devils, but further studies are needed to resolve the cause of this temporal partitioning.
Fragmented QRS is associated with intraventricular dyssynchrony and independently predicts nonresponse to cardiac resynchronization therapy—Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pranata Raymond , Yonas Emir , Vania Rachel , Tondas Alexander Edo , Yuniadi Yoga 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundFragmented QRS (fQRS) is postulated to be associated with ventricular dyssynchrony and might be able to predict a nonresponse to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) implantation. In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, we aim to assess whether fQRS can be a marker of intraventricular dyssynchronies in patients with ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy and whether it is an independent predictor of nonresponse in patients receiving CRT.MethodsWe performed a comprehensive search on topics that assesses fQRS and its association with intraventricular dyssynchrony and nonresponse to CRT up until September 2019.ResultsFragmented QRS is associated with intraventricular dyssynchrony (OR 10.34 [3.39, 31.54], p < .001; I2: 80% with sensitivity 76.8%, specificity 77%, LR+ 3.3, and LR− 0.3). Subgroup analysis showed that fQRS is associated with intraventricular dyssynchrony in patients with narrow QRS complex (OR 20.92 [12.24, 35.73], p < .001; I2: 0%) and nonischemic cardiomyopathy (OR of 19.97 [12.12, 32.92], p < .001; I2: 0%). Fragmented QRS was also associated with a higher time‐to‐peak myocardial sustained systolic (Ts‐SD) (OR 15.19 [12.58, 17.80], p < .001; I2: 0% and positive Yu index (OR 15.61 [9.07, 26.86], p < .001; I2: 0%). Fragmented QRS has a pooled adjusted OR of OR of 1.70 [1.35, 2.14], p < .001; I2: 62% for association with a nonresponse to CRT. QRS duration is found to be higher in nonresponders group mean difference −8.54 [−13.38, −3.70], p < .001; I2: 70%.ConclusionFragmented QRS is associated with intraventricular dyssynchrony and is independently associated with nonresponse to cardiac resynchronization therapy.
Development of a novel automatic ascites filtration and concentration equipment with multi‐ring‐type roller pump units for cell‐free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy
Authors: Okahisa Toshiya , Sogabe Masahiro , Nakagawa Tadahiko , Tanaka Kumiko , Tomonari Tetsu , Taniguchi Tatsuya , Takahashi Akira , Kinouchi Yohsuke , Nishioka Junji , Igata Naoki , Yanagawa Hiroaki , Komatsu Takatoshi , Ohnishi Yoshiaki , Fukuhara Masashi , Ishikawa Masashi , Shibata Hiroshi , Shinomiya Hirohiko , Nakasono Masahiko , Kishi Fumiko , Komai Keiko , Tatsuki Yayoi , Murashima Toru , Deguchi Yoshihiro , Aramaki Hiroshi , Fukumitsu Hideyuki , Takayama Tetsuji 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCell‐free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy (CART) is an effective therapy for refractory ascites. However, CART is difficult to perform as ascites filtration and concentration is a complicated procedure. Moreover, the procedure requires the constant assistance of a clinical engineer or/and the use of an expensive equipment for the multi‐purpose blood processing. Therefore, we developed a CART specialized equipment (mobility CART [M‐CART]) that could be used safely with various safety measures and automatic functions such as automatic washing of clogged filtration filter and self‐regulation of the concentration ratio. Downsizing, lightning of the weight, and automatic processing in M‐CART required the use of newly developed multi‐ring‐type roller pump units. This equipment was approved under Japanese regulations in 2018. In performing 41 sessions of CART (for malignant ascites, 22 sessions; and hepatic ascites, 19 sessions) using this equipment in 17 patients, no serious adverse event occurred. An average of 4494 g of ascites was collected and the total amount of ascites was processed in all the sessions without any trouble. The mean weight of the processed ascites was 560 g and the mean concentration ratio was 8.0. The ascites were processed at a flow rate of 50 mL/min. The mean ascites processing time was 112.5 minutes and a 106.5‐minutes (95.2%) ascites processing was performed automatically. The operator responded to alarms or support information 3.2 times on average (3.1 minutes, 2.1% of ascites processing time). Human errors related to ascites processing were detected by M‐CART at 0.4 times per session on average and were appropriately addressed by the operator. The frequencies of automatic washing of clogged filtration filter and self‐regulation of the concentration ratio were 31.7% and 53.7%, respectively. The mean recovery rates (recovery dose) of protein, albumin, and immunoglobulin G were 72.9%, 72.9%, and 71.2% (65.9 g, 34.9 g, and 13.2 g), respectively. Steroids were administered in 92.7% of the sessions to prevent fever and the mean increase in body temperature was 0.53°C. M‐CART is a compact and lightweight automatic CART specialized equipment that can safely and easily process a large quantity of ascites without the constant assistance of an operator.
Genomic landscape of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma and novel biomarkers for predicting distant metastasis
Authors: Lan Xiabin , Bao Hua , Ge Xinyang , Cao Jun , Fan Xiaojun , Zhang Qihong , Liu Kaihua , Zhang Xian , Tan Zhuo , Zheng Chuanming , Wang Ao , Chen Chao , Zhu Xin , Wang Jiafeng , Xu Jiajie , Zhu Xuhang , Wu Xue , Wang Xiaonan , Shao Yang , Ge Minghua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignancy of the thyroid gland, with a relatively high cure rate. Distant metastasis (DM) of PTC is uncommon, but when it occurs, it significantly decreases the survival of PTC patients. The molecular mechanisms of DM in PTC have not been systematically studied. We performed whole exome sequencing and GeneseeqPrime (425 genes) panel sequencing of the primary tumor, plasma and matched white blood cell samples from 20 PTC with DM and 46 PTC without DM. We identified somatic mutations, gene fusions and copy number alterations and analyzed their relationships with DM of PTC. BRAF‐V600E was identified in 73% of PTC, followed by RET fusions (14%) in a mutually exclusive manner (P < 0.0001). We found that gene fusions (RET, ALK or NTRK1) (P < 0.01) and chromosome 22q loss (P < 0.01) were independently associated with DM in both univariate and multivariate analyses. A nomogram model consisting of chromosome 22q loss, gene fusions and three clinical variables was built for predicting DM in PTC (C‐index = 0.89). The plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection rate in PTC was only 38.9%; however, it was significantly associated with the metastatic status (P = 0.04), tumor size (P = 0.001) and invasiveness (P = 0.01). In conclusion, gene fusions and chromosome 22q loss were independently associated with DM in PTC and could serve as molecular biomarkers for predicting DM. The ctDNA detection rate was low in non–DM PTC but significantly higher in PTC with DM.
Tumor microenvironment characterization identifies two lung adenocarcinoma subtypes with specific immune and metabolic state
Authors: Huang Jianbing , Li Jiagen , Zheng Sufei , Lu Zhiliang , Che Yun , Mao Shuangshuang , Lei Yuanyuan , Zang Ruochuan , Liu Chengming , Wang Xinfeng , Fang Lingling , Sun Nan , He Jie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe tumor microenvironment (TME) is a vital component of tumor tissue. Increasing evidence suggests their significance in predicting outcomes and guiding therapies. However, no studies have reported a systematic analysis of the clinicopathologic significance of TME in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Here, we inferred tumor stromal cells in 1184 LUAD patients using computational algorithms based on bulk tumor expression data, and evaluated the clinicopathologic significance of stromal cells. We found LUAD patients showed heterogeneous abundance in stromal cells. Infiltration of stromal cells was influenced by clinicopathologic features, such as age, gender, smoking, and TNM stage. By clustering stromal cells, we identified 2 clinically and molecularly distinct LUAD subtypes with immune active and immune repressed features. The immune active subtype is characterized by repressed metabolism and repressed proliferation of tumor cells, while the immune repressed subtype is characterized by active metabolism and active proliferation of tumor cells. Differentially expressed gene analysis of the two LUAD subtypes identified an immune activation signature. To diagnose TME subtypes practically, we constructed a TME score using principal component analysis based on the immune activation signature. The TME score predicted TME subtypes effectively in 3 independent datasets with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.960, 0.812, and 0.819, respectively. In conclusion, we proposed 2 clinically and molecularly distinct LUAD subtypes based on tumor microenvironment that could be valuable in predicting clinical outcome and guiding immunotherapy.
Reduced angle sensitivity of structural coloration on an industrial aluminium platform
Authors: Odessey Rachel , Shen Tianyi , Oller Declan , He De , Kim Jin Ho , Xu Jimmy , Pacifici Domenico 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExisting structural coloration methods using thin films, commonly implemented in high‐purity aluminium, produce colours which are highly dependent on the viewing angle because of the inherent angular dependence of thin film interference. Adapting the thin film coloration mechanism to anodisation of industrial‐quality aluminium alloys, which scatter light more efficiently than their high‐purity counterparts, reduces angle dependence in the colour produced. This reduction of angle dependence, as well as the wide use of anodised aluminium in consumer products, suggests that structural colour based on anodised aluminium could potentially be scaled up for commercial scale production.
Contrasting characters of quick methods to measure respiratory rate in a clinical setting
Authors: Takayama Atsushi , Nagamine Takahiko , Kotani Kazuhiko 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionMany medical professionals unofficially use quick methods for saving time. However, the evidence of such assessments is limited. The main aim of this article is verifying the agreement of these methods.ObjectivesOverall, 106 out‐patients were simultaneously evaluated with respect to the respiratory time measurement (RTM; 60 divided by the single respiratory time), 15 seconds period quadruple respiratory rate (15secRR; 15 seconds respiratory rate multiplied by 4), and 1‐min respiratory rate (1minRR; gold standard respiratory rate).MethodWe assessed the correlation, Bland‐Altman plot, kappa value, and normalized root mean square error of the quick methods for the respiratory rate, with 1minRR as the gold standard.ResultsThe mean ± SD of 1minRR, RTM, and 15secRR are 20.4 ± 5.6, 19.1 ± 5.7, and 21.4 ± 6.5 breathes per minute, respectively. The correlation between RTM and 1minRR was 0.85 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.79‐0.90), while that between 15secRR and 1minRR was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.74‐0.87). The kappa coefficients between RTM and 1minRR, between 15secRR and 1minRR, and between RTM and 15secRR were 0.57 (95% CI: 0.41‐0.72), 0.59 (95% CI: 0.43‐0.74), and 0.37 (95% CI: 0.20‐0.53), respectively. The normalized root mean square error between RTM and 1minRR was 16.9% and that between 15secRR and 1minRR was 15.0%. The Bland Altman plot demonstrated that RTM and 15secRR showed contrasting characteristics.ConclusionCompared to the gold standard, RTM tends to underestimate, while 15secRR tends to overestimate the respiratory rate. Therefore, health care professionals should be aware of this methodological tendency to assess vital signs properly.
Risk, Envy and Magic in the Artisanal Mining Sector of South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: Stoop Nik , Verpoorten Marijke 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTScholars largely agree that witchcraft beliefs in sub‐Saharan Africa remain virulent. The ‘modernity of witchcraft’ is said to thrive on friction between the local moral economy and new socio‐economic realities. This article focuses on the appeal of witchcraft beliefs in the artisanal mining sector of South Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo. It argues that the ‘do‐or‐die’, ‘zero‐sum’ and ‘caught‐in‐the‐middle’ context of artisanal mining provides fertile ground for witchcraft beliefs, and underlies the cross‐cultural similarities of such beliefs as documented in the handful of studies on witchcraft in the artisanal mining sector. Whereas previous studies provided a thick description of witchcraft beliefs and practices, this study relies on both qualitative and quantitative data from a sample of 469 artisanal miners in a mining town in South Kivu. The analysis confirms the ‘modernity of witchcraft’ thesis, but also nuances it, and provides further insight into the ‘rationale’ of witchcraft beliefs and accusations in the context of artisanal mining.
Appropriating and asserting power on inflammatory arthritis teams: A social network perspective
Authors: Hartford Wendy , Backman Catherine , Li Linda C. , McKinnon Annette , Nimmon Laura 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundTherapeutic interventions for people with inflammatory arthritis (IA) increasingly involve multidisciplinary teams and strive to foster patient‐centred care and shared decision making. Participation in health‐care decisions requires patients to assert themselves and negotiate power in encounters with clinicians; however, clinical contexts often afford less authority for patients than clinicians. This disadvantage may inhibit patients' involvement in their own health care.ObjectiveTo identify communication attributes, IA patients use to influence and negotiate their treatment with members of their health‐care network.MethodA qualitative social network approach was used to analyse data from a larger study that investigated IA patients' overall experiences of multidisciplinary care. Fourteen patients with IA attended individual semi‐structured interviews. Researchers used thematic analysis to identify patterns of assertiveness and influence in the data.ResultsParticipants experienced loss of identity, control and agency in addition to the physical symptoms of IA. However, they had a sense of personal responsibility for managing their health care. Perceptions of health‐care team support enhanced patients' influence in treatment negotiations. Notably, there appeared to be an underlying tension between being empowered or disempowered.Discussion and conclusionsThe findings have significant implications for treatment decision communication approaches to IA care. A social network perspective may provide a pathway for clinicians to better understand the complexities of communication with their patients. This approach may reduce unequal power dynamics that occur within clinician/patient interactions and afford people with IA agency, control and affirmation of identity within their health‐care network.
THE PUZZLE OF THE BANQUET HALL OF THE DUKES: THE PROFESSIONALIZATION OF SWEDISH HISTORICAL RESEARCH STUDIED THROUGH LUDWIK FLECK'S “THOUGHT COLLECTIVE” AND “THOUGHT STYLE”
Authors: HARLITZ‐KERN ERIKA 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTIn 1312, the Swedish dukes Erik and Valdemar Magnusson married the Norwegian princesses Ingeborg Haakonsdaughter and Ingeborg Eriksdaughter at a ceremony in Oslo, Norway. In 1313, the two couples were reunited at a purpose‐built banquet hall, believed to have been located in the medieval Swedish town of Lödöse. The main source of information concerning these events is the Swedish medieval rhyme chronicle The Chronicle of Duke Erik. However, a closer reading of the chronicle reveals that Lödöse is never mentioned in relation to the banquet hall. The article discusses the passing down of knowledge through generations of the same professional collective, in this case the professional collective of Swedish historians during the twentieth century, and demonstrates how the validity of once‐established prescientific knowledge persists. To achieve its goal, the article applies Ludwik Fleck's terms “thought collective,” “thought style,” and “tenacity in science,” as well as Thomas Kuhn's concept of the “paradigm,” to a historiographical case study of how the proto‐idea of the banquet hall being located at Lödöse has survived to become an established scientific fact. The location of the banquet hall concerns but a minor detail in the turbulent political situation of the Swedish kingdom during the first decades of the fourteenth century. However, the continuing reiteration of this minor detail is evidence of a larger phenomenon, namely how contemporary historical research is influenced by scholars in the prescientific past.