bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of annealing ambient gases on the bias stability of amorphous SnSiO thin-film transistors
Authors: Yang Jianwen , Cao Duo , Lin Dong , Liu Feng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The effect of different annealing ambient gases on the initial electrical properties and bias stability of amorphous tin silicon oxide (a-SnSiO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) is examined in this study. At an annealing temperature of 350 °C, the SnSiO film remained amorphous with excellent transmittance regardless of the annealing environment. The presence of oxygen during annealing (such as in air and O2) could reduce the mobility of the TFTs and create more oxygen-related defect states, thereby reducing the bias stability. In contrast, nitrogen-annealed TFTs showed maximum mobility and optimal bias stability. The corresponding mobility reached 8.6 cm2V−1s−1, the threshold voltage was 0.2 V and the subthreshold swing value was 0.7 V dec−1.
Visible light photoconductivity studies of gold nanoparticle embedded ZnO thin films for photo detector application
Authors: Sekhar Muddam Raja , Kumar Rashmi Ranjan , Kumari Suman , Laha Ranjit , Pandey Saurabh Kumar , Kar Manoranjan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This report demonstrates the visible photo response of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) embedded ZnO nanocomposite (AuNPs-ZnO) thin films. The AuNPs-ZnO films were prepared by sandwiching DC sputtered AuNPs in between two RF sputtered ZnO layers deposited on p-Si. Crystal phase purity and surface morphology were characterized by the x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The formation of AuNPs was confirmed by observing the plasmonic dip in optical transmittance. Photoconductivity study was done by recording current–voltage characteristics of the films in the presence of visible light. The ratio of light to dark current was found to be enhanced by two to three orders of magnitude with the inclusion of AuNPs. The observed photocurrent enhancement was found to vary with both AuNPs concentration and sandwich thickness. The highest responsivity observed with the fabricated nanocomposite films was of 0.012 A W−1. The dominant reason for the visible photoconductivity and for the enhancement in photocurrent was ascribed to the plasmonic properties of AuNPs-ZnO composite film. This study paves a new approach to design and fabricate devices for optoelectronic applications.
Spatial structure of lasing modes in wave-chaotic semiconductor microcavities
Authors: Bittner Stefan , Kim Kyungduk , Zeng Yongquan , Wang Qi Jie , Cao Hui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We present experimental and numerical studies of broad-area semiconductor lasers with chaotic ray dynamics. The emission intensity distributions at the cavity boundaries are measured and compared to ray tracing simulations and numerical calculations of the passive cavity modes. We study two different cavity geometries, a D-cavity and a stadium, both of which feature fully chaotic ray dynamics. While the far-field distributions exhibit fairly homogeneous emission in all directions, the emission intensity distributions at the cavity boundary are highly inhomogeneous, reflecting the non-uniform intensity distributions inside the cavities. The excellent agreement between experiments and simulations demonstrates that the intensity distributions of wave-chaotic semiconductor lasers are primarily determined by the cavity geometry. This is in contrast to conventional Fabry–Perot broad-area lasers for which the intensity distributions are to a large degree determined by the nonlinear interaction of the lasing modes with the semiconductor gain medium.
Parameter-dependent unitary transformation approach for quantum Rabi model
Authors: Zhang Degang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Quantum Rabi model has been exactly solved by employing the parameter-dependent unitary transformation method in both the occupation number representation and the Bargmann space. The analytical expressions for the complete energy spectrum consisting of two double-fold degenerate sub-energy spectra are presented in the whole range of all the physical parameters. Each energy level is determined by a parameter in the unitary transformation, which obeys a highly nonlinear equation. The corresponding eigenfunction is a convergent infinite series in terms of the physical parameters. Due to the level crossings between the neighboring eigenstates at certain physical parameter values, such the degeneracies could lead to novel physical phenomena in the two-level system with the light–matter interaction.
Estimating the privacy of quantum-random numbers
Authors: Seiler Johannes , Strohm Thomas , Schleich Wolfgang P 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We analyze the information an attacker can obtain on the numbers generated by a user by measurements on a subsystem of a system consisting of two entangled two-level systems. The attacker and the user make measurements on their respective subsystems, only. Already the knowledge of the density matrix of the subsystem of the user completely determines the upper bound on the information accessible to the attacker. We compare and contrast this information to the appropriate bounds provided by quantum state discrimination.
High-fidelity vibrokinetic stimulation induces sustained changes in intercortical coherence during a cinematic experience
Authors: Boasen J , Giroux F , Duchesneau M O , Sénécal S , Léger P M , Ménard J F 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjective.High-fidelity vibrokinetic (HFVK) technology is widely used to enhance the immersiveness of audiovisual (AV) entertainment experiences. However, despite evidence that HFVK technology does subjectively enhance AV immersion, the underlying mechanism has not been clarified. Neurophysiological studies could provide important evidence to illuminate this mechanism, thereby benefiting HFVK stimulus design, and facilitating expansion of HFVK technology.Approach.We conducted a between-subjects (VK,N= 11; Control,N= 9) exploratory study to measure the effect of HFVK stimulation through an HFVK seat on electroencephalographic cortical activity during an AV cinematic experience. Subjective appreciation of the experience was assessed and incorporated into statistical models exploring the effects of HFVK stimulation across cortical brain areas. We separately analyzed alpha-band (8–12 Hz) and theta-band (5–7 Hz) activities as indices of engagement and sensory processing, respectively. We also performed theta-band (5–7 Hz) coherence analyses using cortical seed areas identified from the theta activity analysis.Main results.The right fusiform gyrus, inferiotemporal gyrus, and supramarginal gyrus, known for emotion, AV-spatial, and vestibular processing, were identified as seeds from theta analyses. Coherence from these areas was uniformly enhanced in HFVK subjects in right motor areas, albeit predominantly in those who were appreciative. Meanwhile, compared to control subjects, HFVK subjects exhibited uniform interhemispheric decoherence with the left insula, which is important for self-processing.Significance.The results collectively point to sustained decoherence between sensory and self-processing as a possible mechanism for how HFVK increases immersion, and that coordination of emotional, spatial, and vestibular processing hubs with the motor system may be required for appreciation of the HFVK-enhanced experience. Overall, this study offers the first ever demonstration that HFVK stimulation has a real and sustained effect on brain activity during a cinematic experience.
Rapid motor fluctuations reveal short-timescale neurophysiological biomarkers of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Ahn Minkyu , Lee Shane , Lauro Peter M , Schaeffer Erin L , Akbar Umer , Asaad Wael F 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjective.Identifying neural activity biomarkers of brain disease is essential to provide objective estimates of disease burden, obtain reliable feedback regarding therapeutic efficacy, and potentially to serve as a source of control for closed-loop neuromodulation. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), microelectrode recordings (MER) are routinely performed in the basal ganglia to guide electrode implantation for deep brain stimulation (DBS). While pathologically-excessive oscillatory activity has been observed and linked to PD motor dysfunction broadly, the extent to which these signals provide quantitative information about disease expression and fluctuations, particularly at short timescales, is unknown. Furthermore, the degree to which informative signal features are similar or different across patients has not been rigorously investigated. We sought to determine the extent to which motor error in PD across patients can be decoded on a rapid timescale using spectral features of neural activity.Approach.Here, we recorded neural activity from the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of subjects with PD undergoing awake DBS surgery while they performed an objective, continuous behavioral assessment that synthesized heterogenous PD motor manifestations to generate a scalar measure of motor dysfunction at short timescales. We then leveraged natural motor performance variations as a ‘ground truth’ to identify corresponding neurophysiological biomarkers.Main results.Support vector machines using multi-spectral decoding of neural signals from the STN succeeded in tracking the degree of motor impairment at short timescales (as short as one second). Spectral power across a wide range of frequencies, beyond the classic ‘β’ oscillations, contributed to this decoding, and multi-spectral models consistently outperformed those generated using more isolated frequency bands. While generalized decoding models derived across subjects were able to estimate motor impairment, patient-specific models typically performed better.Significance.These results demonstrate that quantitative information about short-timescale PD motor dysfunction is available in STN neural activity, distributed across various patient-specific spectral components, such that an individualized approach will be critical to fully harness this information for optimal disease tracking and closed-loop neuromodulation.
The dependence structure and co-movement of Cryptocurrency based Bayesian approach
Authors: Chaiboonsri Anuphak Saosaovaphak Chukiat , Wannapan Satawat 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCryptocurrencies are unique and extra-ordinary currencies which to be econometrically forced into the linear model due to their systematic complexity and extreme movements. This paper was conducted to provide an alternative analysis as a solution for escaping the restrictions of traditional linear assumptions. Five predominant digital currencies such as Bitcoin (BTC), Stellar network (XLM), Litecoin (LTC), Ethereum Classic (ETC), and IOTA were chosen to be employed in the multiple processes based on Bayesian approaches. Market dominance and data regime classifications are the essential components that lead to successfully investigate the dependent structures and co-movements in the digital financial market. The empirical findings could assume that the modern time-series data was meticulously estimated by the flexible modern tool. Bayesian statistics and simulations have the sufficient potency as the suitable solution.
A neural network forecasting of relativistic electron flux at geostationary orbit: solar activity phase dependence
Authors: Yeeram T 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Geostationary-satellite anomalies are mainly caused by extreme space environment such as flux enhancements of relativistic electrons. A prediction of the relativistic electrons at geostationary orbit (GEO) is crucial to alert of the flux enhancements before it reaches a harmful condition. This work investigates contribution of solar activities at various phases in the daily electron flux (E > 2 MeV) at GEO measured by GOES satellites during the solar cycles 23-24. An alternative method based on the solar activity and feed forward neural network (NN) scheme with back-propagation learning in Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis is adopted to predict the electron fluxes in GEO by sorting the solar activity into maximum, descending, and ascending phases. As the model inputs, the historical daily sum K
p and the > 2 MeV electron fluxes are used. Results indicate that the prediction capability of the NN model is dependent on the solar activity in relation to the sum K
p. Crossing the test over the similar solar phases gives a better prediction result than crossing over different phases. The NN model based on the lagged sum K
p and log-flux input are more suitable for the forecasting during the descending and ascending phases, while the lagged log-flux input is more suitable during the maximum phase.
Change Detection for the Past Three Decades Using Geospatial Approach in Lake Chad, Central Africa
Authors: Hussaini A , Mahmud M R , Tang K K W 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Lakes are extremely touchy and dynamic parts of the earth and have a pivotal part in the farming, environment, industrial and domestic purposes. In Central Africa, Lake Chad Basin (LCB) has observed an uninterrupted decrease in its water level for the past decades as a result of certain variables such as climate change and over-abstraction, and likewise part of dry spells. The aforementioned challenges have serious effects on the standard living of the people in a particular area as well as the lake natural resources. The current study was planned to assess the changes of a lake for the past three epochs, then the Lake Chad satellite imageries include OLI, ETM+, and TM were evaluated with a view to came up with some land cover changes throughout these epochs: 1985, 2000, and 2015. All the scenes were subjected to the pre-processing stage to ensure the originality of the information, and “supervised classification was implemented for land cover change analysis. Then the overall accuracies of the classification of Landsat-TM is 93.80, Landsat-ETM+ is 90.80, and Landsat-OLI is 86.20 respectively. The outcome demonstrates that there is a continuous decline of water bodies, barren land, and shrub, with a rapid increment of farmland and gallery forest”.
Prospecting Fe-Skarn mineralization using ASTER satellite data: case study from Ravanj village, Markazi Province, Iran
Authors: Kiani Omid , Ansari Abdolhamid , Pour Amin Beiranvand , Muslim Aidy M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The study area is located in Iran central zone and Urumieh-Dokhtar volcanoplutonic belt. Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) satellite data was used to identify alteration zones associated with Fe-Skarn mineralization in the Ravanj village, Markazi Province, Iran. Argillic, phyllic and propylitic alteration zones are typically associated with Fe-Skarn mineralization in the study area. In this research, the Selective Principal Component Analysis (SPCA) method was applied to VNIR + SWIR bands of ASTER remote sensing data. Bands 1, 4, 6 and 8 were designated for identification clay minerals. Bands 4, 5, and 6 were selected for argillic alteration mapping. Bands 1, 2, and 4 were used to identification iron oxides/hydroxide minerals. Bands 5, 6, and 7 were chosen to map phyllic alteration zones. Bands 7, 8, and 9 were nominated to specify propylitic alteration mapping. According to the eigenvector statistics calculated using SPCA for ASTER, inverse SPC4 image identified clay minerals and SPC2 images detected argillic alteration, oxides/hydroxide minerals, phyllic alteration and propylitic alteration. In this paper, SPCA technique is an appropriate method because of the distinction between alteartion minerals, vegetation for Fe-Skarn mineralization exploration.
The Fixed wing UAV usage on Land use Mapping for gazetted Royal land in Malaysia
Authors: Noor Norzailawati Mohd , Harun Norzalina , Abdullah Alias 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The study deals with the usage of fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in verifying boundary for gazetted royal land, which the other sight of efficacy of UAV has been tested in area of urban planning. The specific flight planning had been arranged and tested to royal land of Pekan in order to identify the settlement (kampongs) boundaries. Royal land in Pekan was the significant land that existed since 1919, which established under the Royal land Enactment 1919. It accommodated more five thousand residents in the 919 hectares of area with five villages (kampongs). The combination method of aerial mapping and vector digitization in structured a spatial database have been conducted by combining both output from UAV and GIS. The finding shows the royal land boundary was clearly identified in UAV orthophoto; further refine output of its database in GIS data. The additional info building footprints in 5 kampongs land lots also appeared very well in final output. Result shows that, the simple conclusion on the efficacy of fixed wing UAV in managing a land in urban planning, it also proved the dependency of decision makers should oriented more on geospatial applications since it was reliable and able to be used in many planning aspects in order to ensure a sustainability and resiliency of living.
Vegetation Indices for Identifying Melaleuca Forest from Multispectral Satellite Sensors
Authors: Omar Hamdan , Misman Muhamad Afizzul , Yaakub Siti Yasmin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Melaleuca forest or locally known as Gelam forest mostly occur in beach ridges interspersed with swales (BRIS) sandy areas, coastal, wetland, peatland, and lowland regions. It is a mono-specific species dominance ecosystem, where Melaleuca cajuputi trees are dominant. It is fringing along the coast of Terengganu and Kelantan and certain parts along the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The landscape is small but it has equal importance to other ecosystems in terms of local environmental functions and economic contributions. The benefits include timber for building constructions and furniture and other traditional uses, such as for fuel wood, charcoal, tea-tree, honeybee breeding areas and others. However, this forest is inevitable from threats by anthropogenic activities such as land clearing and conversion to other land uses that can affect the ecosystem. These activities occur because most of this ecosystem reside on stateland areas, where development is rapid. Only small patches of this forest was protected as Permanent Forest Reserve, which is secure from any threat. Currently the information about the tracts and extents of this forest is very scarce. Therefore, this study was carried out to acquire latest information on the distribution and extent of Melaleuca forest in Peninsular Malaysia through the utilization of remotely sensed data. Optical images from Landsat-8 OLI were used as primary input for this study. Spectral characteristic from visible and infrared regions were analyzed to produce a specific vegetation index for recognizing Melaleuca forest ecosystem on the images. The study demonstrated that the Melaleuca forest covers some 23,000 ha in Peninsular Malaysia that are intact but vulnerable to surrounding threats. The findings of study should attract attentions from the relevant State Governments to take appropriate management actions to protect this unique and priceless ecosystem in the future.
Mapping of Archaeological Sites using UAV Aerial Survey and PPK GNSS Ground Survey Techniques in Central Asia
Authors: Suab Stanley Anak , Hayakawa Yuichi , Kume Shogo , Yamaguchi Yuji , Amanbaeva Bakyt , Kadyrov Abdynaby , Avtar Ram , Ogura Takuro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Geospatial technologies such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) and Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are becoming popular in various applications also for archaeological purposes. This is due to the abilities also the usefulness of UAV and GNSS technologies for digitally documenting and recording archaeological sites in great detail. Such information is crucial for the efforts of preserving and protecting historical sites. This paper demonstrates the workflows and results of mapping techniques using consumer-grade UAV for aerial survey and low-cost Post-Processing Kinematics (PPK) GNSS ground survey for documentation of two archaeological sites in Batken State, Kyrgyzstan in Central Asia. Both UAV and PPK GNSS data were acquired simultaneously during the fieldworks in early winter while processing were explicitly done using currently available commercial and open-source software. Results of the UAV and PPK GNSS was combined and qualitatively evaluated. Despite advantages and disadvantages identified in both UAV and PPK GNSS results, it was learned that the combination of both techniques found to be very beneficial for mapping of archaeological sites.
Correlation Analysis of Urban Development and Land Surface Temperature Using Google Earth Engine in Sleman Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Maishella A , Dewantoro B E B , Aji M A P 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The development of urban areas in Sleman Regency occurs continuously along with an increase in population, encourages changes in any kind of land cover to be built-up area to meet the needs of citizen housing. The objectives of this study were to analyse changes in land cover and its correlation with Land Surface Temperature (LST) and to determine the direction of regional development that occurs in Sleman Regency. The methods used in this research were multispatio-temporal data analysis that contained spectral transformations and supervised classification of Maximum Likelihood on Google Earth Engine, statistical analysis of Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS imagery from 2014 to 2019, and accuracy assessments to determine the accuracy of the results. The results showed there were the increase in built-up area by 1713.374 ha from 2014 to 2019 and supported by the increase in population density of 2038 inhabitants/km2. There was an increase in LST in the converted areas from 2014 to 2019 with an estimated increase of 2.73°C. The distribution of built-up area that indicated as the direction of urban area development has a tendency to head north and northeast of Sleman regency, such as to Ngemplak sub-district, Kalasan sub-district, and Berbah sub-district. The correlation between building density and LST showed the correlation coefficient of 0.61 which was considered as a strong correlation and the determination coefficient of 0.38 also regarded as significant, based on the t-Test. The accuracy assessment was done on the land cover map, generating the overall accuracy of 88.42%.