bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YouTube as a Source of Patient Information for Bipolar Disorder: A Content-Quality and Optimization Analysis
Authors: Szmuda Tomasz , Żydowicz Weronika Magdalena , Ali Shan , Fedorow Karolina , Słoniewski Paweł 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background YouTube is currently the second most popular website in the world and it is often used by patients to access health information online. Our aim was to evaluate the content-quality of YouTube videos relating to bipolar disorder. Methods We chose the first 30 videos for four different search phrases: ”bipolar disorder,” ”bipolar disorder treatment,” ”bipolar disorder symptoms” and ”manic depression.” Video contents were evaluated by two independent final year medical students using the validated DISCERN instrument. Qualitative data, quantitative data and the upload source was recorded for analysis. Results Out of the total 120 videos, 80 videos met our inclusion criteria and were evaluated. The mean DISCERN score was 63.5 (out of 75 possible points). This indicates that the quality of YouTube videos on bipolar disorder is excellent. Reliability between the two raters was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.96). Nearly all videos had symptoms of the disorder (100%) and the impact of the disorder on daily life (98.8%). Videos were mostly uploaded by educational channels (61.3%) and hospitals (16.3%). Videos that had a doctor speaker had a significantly higher average daily views, comments and a video power index (P<0.05). Conclusions The quality of YouTube videos on bipolar disorder is good. We have included a list of the top-quality videos in our paper as they may be used by patients and physicians as a reference to find the most reliable videos for patient education. Having a doctor speaker in a video optimizes a video for higher audience engagement.
A novel data-driven approach reveals gene networks and biological processes underlying autism
Authors: Gialloreti Leonardo Emberti , Enea Roberto , Micco Valentina Di , Giovanni Daniele Di , Curatolo Paolo 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background:

Developments in gene-hunting techniques identified several ASD associated genes. The considerable significance of cluster analysis associated with gene network studies has led to reveal many disrupted key pathways in ASD, even if its genetic underpinnings remain a challenging task. This study aims to determine, through a novel data-driven approach, how networks of mutated genes impact biological processes underlying autism.
Methods:

We analyzed the VariCarta dataset, which presents more than 200,000 genomic variant events collected from 13,069 people with ASD. Firstly, we created a whole-genome and an exome sequencing subset. Then, for each subset we compared pairwise patients of each group to build “patient similarity matrices”. Hierarchical-agglomerative-clustering and heatmap were performed to identify clusters of patients with common occurrences of gene networks within these matrices. The subsequent enrichment analysis (EA) highlighted biological processes that might be impacted by the mutated genes of each subgroup.
Results:

Considering the whole-genome matrix, we identified three main genetic clusters of ASD patients, each one characterized by a network of shared genetic variants. We isolated 11,609 genetic variants shared by at least two subjects in each cluster; 4,187 of these variants (36.1%) were common to the three clusters. Only 331 patients (2.5%) shared none or very few mutated genes with anyone else. The EA highlighted common or cluster-specific biological processes related to the variants. Most of the common abnormal processes were involved in neuron projections guidance and morphogenesis, cell junctions and synapse assembly. Exome sequencing alone was not effectual in identifying ASD subgroups.
Limitations:

Caution is warranted when interpreting our results, as we did not compare them with a control group and did not verify if the identified subgroups where actually associated with different phenotypes. Future work will have to ascertain the strength and reproducibility of these results.
Conclusions:

Itemizing not just single mutated genes, but also gene networks and specific biological processes that characterize different ASD subpopulations might allow to better understand which networks of genetic variants play a major role in the etiopathology of ASD. The proposed methodology may represent a novel approach to help disentangle ASD complexity and an instrument to boost more focused genotype-phenotype studies.
Bayesian Binary Logistic Generalized Linear Mixed Models of Female Genital Mutilation
Authors: Workie Mekuanint Simeneh 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Female genital mutilation could be a global public unhealthiness, and it's practiced by many communities in Africa, special Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, the factors related to FGM practices are poorly understood. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of female genital mutilation and its associated factors with FGM among reproductive age women within the country. Method: A secondary data analysis was disbursed supported the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Bayesian binary Logistic Regression GLMM, which allows taking into consideration both individual and population variability in model parameter estimate was employed.Results: The general prevalence of female genital mutilation among participants (15-49 years old) in Ethiopia was found to be 69.6%. From Bayesian random intercept binary logistic analysis it had been found that rural, Muslim, middle Wealth index, rich Wealth index people, Secondary and above were statistically significant with Female genital mutilation. Conclusion: Rural residence, Muslim religion, middle wealth index , rich wealth index, people 25-34 years old, the people 35-49 years old, ever heard of female genital mutilation, occupation of girls were positively related to female genital mutilation practice. On the opposite hand, husband/partner's primary education level, husband/partner's secondary and above educational level, husband/partner occupation (merchant and others) were negatively related to female genital mutilation. Despite the presence of various interventions, the prevalence of female genital mutilation continues to be very high within the country.
Actions taken by female sex workers (FSWs) after condom failure in semi urban Blantyre, Malawi
Authors: Twizelimana Donatien , Muula Adamson S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Little is known about action taken by female sex workers (FSWs) after condom failure during sexual intercourse. The objective of this study was to investigate the actions taken by FSWs after condom failure among FSWs in semi – urban, Blantyre in Malawi.

Methods

A cross sectional, qualitative study was conducted among FSWs in Blantyre, Malawi between May and July 2019. Snowballing technique was used to recruit study participants in four purposively selected study sites. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted by trained research assistants among 40 FSWs. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis.

Results

Study participants reported different actions taken after condom failure. Many FSWs reported to have stopped sex immediately and changed the condom and then resumed sexual intercourse. Other than condom replacement no further actions were taken. Few FSWs reported to have stopped sexual intercourse and thereafter sought medical care which included post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV, sexually transmitted infections’ treatment, and emergency hormonal contraceptives. Urination, vaginal douche, and squatting after condom failure were reported as actions taken by some participants with the aim to avoid HIV transmission and pregnancy. Some FSWs interviewed reported to have not stopped sexual intercourse and no any other actions were taken after condom failure. Some FSWs reported to have douched, squatted or asked for higher pay from their clients after condom failure.

Conclusion

We reported some inadequate behaviors among FSWs after condom failure. Health programs should develop interventions for safe sex among FSWs to prevent STIs including HIV, and unplanned pregnancies. There is a need to address misconceptions related to health illiteracy among FSWs. There are interpersonal, structural and policy factors hindering FSWs’ access to health care providers.
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with an initial non-shockable rhythm could be candidates for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a retrospective study.
Authors: Tanimoto Atsunori , Sugiyama Kazuhiro , Tanabe Maki , Kitagawa Kanta , Kawakami Ayumi , Hamabe Yuichi 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is a promising treatment for refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Most studies evaluating the effectiveness of ECPR include patients with an initial shockable rhythm. However, the effectiveness of ECPR for patients with an initial non-shockable rhythm remains unknown. This retrospective single-center study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ECPR for patients with an initial non-shockable rhythm, with reference to the outcomes of OHCA patients with an initial shockable rhythm.

Methods

Adult OHCA patients treated with ECPR at our center during 2011–2018 were included in the study. Patients were classified into the initial shockable rhythm group and the non-shockable rhythm group. The primary outcome was the cerebral performance category (CPC) scale score at hospital discharge. A CPC score of 1 or 2 was defined as a good outcome.

Results

In total, 186 patients were eligible. Among them, 124 had an initial shockable rhythm and 62 had an initial non-shockable rhythm. Among all patients, 158 (85%) were male, with a median age of 59 (interquartile range [IQR], 48–65) years, and the median low flow time was 41 (IQR, 33–48) min. Collapse was witnessed in 169 (91%) patients, and 36 (19%) achieved return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) transiently. Proportion of female patients, presence of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and collapse after the arrival of emergency medical service personnel were significantly higher in the non-shockable rhythm group. The rate of good outcomes at hospital discharge was not significantly different between the shockable and non-shockable groups (19% vs. 16%, p=0.69). Initial shockable rhythm was not significantly associated with good outcome after controlling for potential confounders (adjusted odds ratio 1.58, 95% confidence interval: 0.66–3.81, p=0.31). In the non-shockable group, patients with good outcomes had a higher rate of transient ROSC, and pulmonary embolism was the leading etiology.

Conclusions

The outcomes of patients with an initial non-shockable rhythm are comparable with those having an initial shockable rhythm. OHCA patients with an initial non-shockable rhythm could be candidates for ECPR, if they are presumed to have reversible etiology and potential for good neurological recovery.
Metformin inhibits cervical cancer cell proliferation by modulating PI3K/Akt-induced major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A gene expression
Authors: Xia Chenglai , Liu Chang , He Zhihong , Cai Yantao , Chen Jinman 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background:Recent studies have shown that the classic hypoglycemic drug metformin inhibits tumor growth; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We previously showed that metformin disrupts the sponge effect of long non-coding RNA MALAT1/miR-142-3p to inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation. In this study, we interrogated the ability of metformin to modulate the anti-tumor immune response in cervical cancer. Methods:The cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect the viability of cervical cancer cells. Flow cytometry assays was performed to measure cell apoptosis and cell cycle. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay was used to detect NK Cell Cytotoxicity. Relative protein levels were determined by immunoblotting and relative gene levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Tumor Xenograft Modeling was used to evaluate the effect of metformin in vivo.Results: Metformin inhibited cervical cancer cell proliferation, cervical cancer xenograft growth, expression of PCNA, p-PI3K and p-Akt. Moreover metformin induced cervical cancer cell apoptosis and caused cancer cell cycle arrest. In addition, metformin upregulated the expression of DDR-1 and p53 in human cervical cancer cells. Furthermore, metformin also regulated the mRNA and protein expression of MICA and Hsp70 on the surface of human cervical cancer cells via the PI3K/Akt pathway, enhancing NK cell cytotoxicity. Conclusions: In conclusion, our results suggest that metformin may be used as immunopotentiator to inhibit cervical cancer progression and may be considered a viable candidate for combination therapy with immunotherapy.
Peer supervision experiences of drug sellers in a rural district in East-Central Uganda: a qualitative study
Authors: Bagonza Arthur , Wamani Henry , Peterson Stefan , Mårtensson Andreas , Mutto Milton , Musoke David , Kitutu Freddy Eric , Mukanga David , Gibson Linda , Awor Phyllis 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
BackgroundSupport supervision improves performance outcomes among health workers. However, the national professional guidelines for new licenses and renewal for class C drug shops in Uganda prescribe self-supervision of licensed private drug sellers.As such, inappropriate treatment of malaria, pneumonia and diarrhoea among children under five years of age continues unabated. This study assessed experiences of drug sellers and peer supervisors at the end of a peer supervision intervention in Luuka district in East Central Uganda.MethodsEightin-depth interviews (IDIs) were held with peer supervisors while five focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted among registered drug sellersat the end of the peer supervision intervention. The study assessed experiences and challenges of peer supervisors and drug sellers regarding peer supervision.Transcripts were imported into Atlas ti 7 qualitative data management software (ATLAS.ti GmbH, Berlin) where they were analysedusing thematic content analysis.ResultsInitially, peer supervisors were disliked and regarded as another extension of drug inspectors by drug sellers. However, with time a good relationship was established between drug sellers and peer supervisors leading to regular, predictable and supportive peer supervision. This increased confidence of drug sellers in using respiratory timers and rapid diagnostic tests in diagnosing pneumonia symptoms and uncomplicated malaria respectively among children under five years. There was also an improvement in completing the sick child register which was used for self-assessment by drug sellers. The drug shop association was mentioned as a place where peer supervision should be anchored since it was a one-stop center for sharing experiences and continuous professional development. Drug sellers proposed including community health workers in monthly drug shop association meetings so that they mayalso gain from the associated benefits. Untimely completion of the sick child registers by drug sellers and inadequate financial resources were the main peer supervision challenges mentioned.ConclusionDrug sellers benefitted from peer supervision by developing a good relationship with peer supervisors.This relationship guaranteed reliable and predictable supervision ultimately leading to improved treatment practices.There is need to explore the minimum resources needed for peer supervision of drug sellers to further inform practice and policy.
Real-time monitoring and reminding of remote peritoneal dialysis system based on the principle of least squares
Authors: Wu Jia , Ji Zheng , Pi Min , Yi Tiegang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background As an important treatment for the treatment of kidney disease, peritoneal dialysis has been widely studied and applied due to its low cost and easy operation. Given that chronic kidney disease is growing globally, peritoneal dialysis is receiving increasing attention. With the development and popularization of mobile network technology, mobile telematics began to become a mainstream trend. The emergence of mobile telemedicine system is an important result of applying the universal computing concept to medical purposes. However, as users are not familiar with the medical field, telemedicine technology depends to a large extent on the patient's acceptance of the use of them.Methods By integrating the experience of clinicians, the remote diagnosis and treatment system of peritoneal dialysis developed by Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital can monitor the whole course of peritoneal dialysis data of patients. We used statistical methods to empirically analyze the peritoneal dialysis data. By exploring data over a standard duration of time, the filtration rate per minute of the peritoneal dialysis patients using a 1.5% low-calcium peritoneal solution was reduced over time and had a power function relationship which can help to remind incorrect data. The linear equation can be obtained by least square regression of the data after the time of peritoneal effusion and the weight of the effluent deformed.Results The least squares method was used to regress the patient's peritoneal dialysis data (logarithm of peritoneal dialysis time and filtration rate per minute), and the regression equation R square was equal to 0.95. The regression coefficient passed the T test and the regression equation fits well. According to the result parameters of the regression equation, we calculated the standard range of filtration rate for each peritoneal dialysis. Taking 441 cases of a random patient as an example, 438 cases of diafiltration rate met the standard range. 3 cases were filtered out below the standard.Conclusions The system can inform the patients of the results according to the confidence interval of the regression prediction, which greatly strengthens the interaction of the system and increases the patients' compliance.
The Status and Trends of Mitochondrial Dynamics Research: A Global Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis
Authors: Mao Xingjia , Liu Xin , Fu Panfeng , Xiang Chuan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objectives: Mitochondria are remarkably dynamic organelles encapsulated by bilayer membranes. The dynamic properties of mitochondria are critical for energy production. Our study aims to investigate the global status and trends of mitochondrial dynamics research.Method: Publications related to the studies of mitochondrial dynamics from 2000 to 2019 were retrieved from Web of Science database. A total of 2999 publications were included. Bibliometric analysis was conducted by visualization of similarities viewer and GraphPadPrism 5 software.Results: There is an increasing trend of mitochondrial dynamics research during the last 20 years. The cumulative number of publications about mitochondrial dynamics research followed the logistic growth model Ob . The USA made the highest contributions to the global research. The journal Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease had the largest publication numbers. The Johns Hopkins University is the most contributive institution. The main research orientation and funding agency were cell biology and NIH. All keywords related studies could be divided into three clusters: “Related disease research”, “Mechanism research” and “Cell metabolism research”.Conclusion: Attention should be drawn to the latest popular research and more efforts will be put into mechanistic research, which may inspire new clinical treatments for the associated diseases.
Current Transition Management of Adolescents and Young Adults with Allergy and Asthma: A European Survey.
Authors: Khaleva Ekaterina , Vazquez-Ortiz Marta , Comberiati Pasquale , DunnGalvin Audrey , Pite Helena , Blumchen Katharina , Garriga-Baraut Teresa , Hox Valerie , Santos Alexandra F , Gore Claudia , Knibb Rebecca C , Alviani Cherry , Mortz Charlotte G , Angier Elizabeth , Duca Bettina , Jensen Britt , Sanchez-Garcia Silvia , Gowland M Hazel , Timmermans Frans , Pfaar Oliver , Roberts Graham 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Transition from parent-delivered to self-management is a vulnerable time for adolescents and young adults (AYA) with allergy and asthma. There is currently no European guideline available for healthcare professionals (HCPs) on transition of these patients and local/national protocols are also mostly lacking. Methods: European HCPs working with AYA with allergy and asthma were invited to complete an online survey assessing challenges of working with these patients, current transition practices and access to specific healthcare resources. Results: A total of 1179 responses from 41 European countries were collected. Most HCPs (86%) reported a lack of a transition guideline and a lack of a transition process (20% paediatric HCPs, 50% of adult HCPs, 56% HCP seeing all ages). Nearly half (48%) acknowledged a lack of an established feedback system between paediatric and adult medical services. Many respondents never routinely asked about mental health issues such as self-harm or depression and are not confident in asking about self-harm (66.6%), sexuality (64%) and depression (43.6%). The majority of HCPs (76%) had not received specific training in the care of AYA although 87% agreed that transition was important for AYA with allergy and asthma. Conclusion: Although there was agreement that transition is important for AYA with allergy and asthma, there are crucial limitations and variations in the current provision of transition services across Europe. Standardisation of AYA management and specific training are required. This should improve management and continuity of care during adolescence and into adulthood to achieve the best healthcare outcomes.
Evolution of Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems and Impact of Natural and Anthropogenic Disturbances: Case of the Cork Oak Forest- Tlemcen- Algeria
Authors: Appiagyei Bright Danso , Latifa Belhoucine-Guezouli , Boutkhil Morsli , Bessah Enoch 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Forest cover change continues to be one of the most important topics in global environment discussions and negotiations. In North Africa, there is a broad consensus on forest decline but available information on the extent and rate of degradation has been far lower than needed. The present study uses the example of the cork oak forest of Tlemcen (Hafir-Zariffet forest), North West Algeria, to provide spatially explicit and up-to-date information on forest cover changes. The goal was to fill a knowledge gap in a poorly studied area by determining the extent of changes in forest cover. Methods: Land use land cover maps of 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019 were classified using Random Forest Algorithm in R software and change assessed via intensity analysis. Results: The results revealed that sparse vegetation was the dominant land cover at the end of the study period, although it decreased from 71.25% in 1989 to 65.24% in 2019. The lowest coverage was water body from 0.47% in 1989 to 0.18% in 2019. Sparse vegetation and dense forest experienced a major decline of 6.01% and 3.22% respectively. On the other hand, open forest (+6.96%), bare areas (+0.37%), settlements (+1.99%) and agricultural (+0.21%) increased. In the LULC transitions analysis, dense forest recorded loss for two consecutive periods (1989-1999 and 1999-2009). The path of conversion was mainly from dense forest to open forest, an evidence of anthropogenic activities. Conclusion: The findings show that the cork oak forest of Hafir-Zariffet suffered multiple pressures, which cause degradation of this natural heritage. These pressures continue to increase the fragility of forest ecosystem and can affect the rehabilitation or even its resilience. In order to conserve the dwindling cork oak forest, a sustainable and effective management which ensures ecological, economic and social balance should be adopted.