bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Key Role of the Interface in the Highly Sensitive Mechanochromic Luminescence Properties of Hybrid Perovskites
Authors: Ben Haj Salah Maroua , Mercier Nicolas , Dittmer Jens , Zouari Nabil , Botta Chiara 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHybrid perovskite (HP) materials are of interest in photovoltaics and lighting applications. Here we report that hybrid perovskite composites, as crystallized powders, can behave as intelligent materials showing highly sensitive and reversible mechanochromic luminescence (MCL). Composites consisting of monolayered 2D HP and 3D HP components exhibit reversible tunable color emission upon mechanical strain. The bluish‐whitish emission of the 2D HP turns into orange in the composite owing to an energy transfer process. The bright green emission, observed as soon as the composite is slightly crushed, originates from the 3D HP after efficient energy funneling from the multi‐layered 2D HP produced at the 2D/3D interface by the mechanical treatment. Besides highlighting the key role of the interfaces in light emission of HP, our findings pave the way for hybrid perovskites as highly sensitive MCL smart materials for mechanosensors, security papers, or optical storage applications.
MeSi(CH2SnRO)3 (R=Ph, Me3SiCH2): Building Blocks for Triangular‐Shaped Diorganotin Oxide Macrocycles
Authors: Ayari Jihed , Göb Christian R. , Oppel Iris M. , Lutter Michael , Hiller Wolf , Jurkschat Klaus 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe syntheses of the novel silicon‐bridged tris(tetraorganotin) compounds MeSi(CH2SnPh2R)3 (2, R=Ph; 5, R=Me3SiCH2) and their halogen‐substituted derivatives MeSi(CH2SnPh(3−n)In)3 (3, n=1; 4, n=2) and MeSi(CH2SnI2R)3 (6, R=Me3SiCH2) are reported. The reaction of compound 4 with di‐t‐butyltin oxide (t‐Bu2SnO)3 gives the oktokaideka‐nuclear (18‐nuclear) molecular diorganotin oxide [MeSi(CH2SnPhO)3]6 (7) while the reaction of 6 with sodium hydroxide, NaOH, provides the trikonta‐nuclear (30‐nuclear) molecular diorganotin oxide [MeSi(CH2SnRO)3]10 (8, R=Me3SiCH2). Both 7 and 8 show belt‐like ladder‐type macrocyclic structures and are by far the biggest molecular diorganotin oxides reported to date. The compounds have been characterized by elemental analyses, electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS), NMR spectroscopy, 1H DOSY NMR spectroscopy (7), IR spectroscopy (7, 8), and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis (2, 7, 8).
Study of mechanical and dynamic mechanical behavior of halloysite nanotube‐reinforced multiscale syntactic foam
Authors: Bakshi Mohammed Sohail , Kattimani Subhaschandra 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present study deals with the development of novel cenosphere‐epoxy multiscale syntactic foam (MSF) reinforced with halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). Cenospheres with different volume fractions (0, 20, 30, 40, 50 vol%) and HNTs (1 vol%) used in the fabrication of syntactic foams. The addition of HNTs increases the tensile modulus (42%) and flexural modulus (66%) compared with plain syntactic foam (PSF). Furthermore, FTIR studies reveal the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between HNTs and epoxy. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) confirms the unique crack deflection phenomenon by HNT, which indicates the structure–property correlation. In addition, the storage and loss modulus of MSFs is 36 and 113%, respectively (at 30°C) higher than the neat epoxy. Improvement in the tensile and flexural properties along with excellent thermal stability at elevated temperature makes MSF a promising material for structural, weight‐sensitive, and high‐temperature applications.
Observation of latent ion tracks in semicrystalline polymers by scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Blonskaya Irina V. , Kristavchuk Olga V. , Nechaev Alexandr N. , Orelovich Oleg L. , Polezhaeva Olga A. , Apel Pavel Y. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAdvances in nanotechnology and materials science require further improvement of metrology of nanostructured polymers, in particular, polymers modified by high energy ion beams. The observation of latent ion tracks using various microscopy methods is an important part of studies on heavy ion effects in solids. However, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has not been utilized for polymers. In the present study, it is shown how SEM can be used to observe latent tracks in semicrystalline polymers. The procedure includes the embrittlement of a polymer specimen by controlled photooxidation and its subsequent fracture. Latent tracks are clearly visible on fractured surfaces as structureless stripes surrounded by an inhomogeneous semicrystalline matrix. Using this method, the latent tracks of Kr, Xe, Au, and Bi ions with energies of 1–11 MeV/u in polyethylene terephthalate and polypropylene films are observed and their diameters are estimated. In contrast to transmission electron microscopy, the suggested novel technique detects the outer track shell consisting of an amorphized polymer. Therefore, SEM observations can complement other commonly used techniques to comprehensively characterize the structure of ion tracks in polymers.
The determinants of social promotion success: A case study of crowdfunding projects
Authors: Wang Feifei , Yang Yang , Tso Geoffrey K. F. , Li Yang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCrowdfunding has emerged as a major way to raise financial supports through collaborative contributions of the general public. In recent studies, promotional activities are found to be highly influential to the final outcome of crowdfunding projects. In order to conduct effective and efficient promotional campaigns, it is essential to contiguously monitor their progress status and investigate the determinants to their success during the whole fundraising process. It can help project starters and fundraisers to make decisions on whether and how to adjust the promotional campaigns to make them more useful. To this end, we propose a prediction framework for social influence, an evaluation for success of social promotions, and utilize knowledge gained from both crowdfunding websites and social networks to facilitate the promotional activities. Under two influence definitions based on reshare count and followers count, we find that knowledge gained from aggregate data rather than incremental data is better indicators of the social influence growth. We also discover that some features, including “value of pledged funds” and “number of total promoters,” are of great importance to social influence within the fundraising durations. All these findings could help project starters and fundraisers to make decisions on devising effective social promotions.
Multimodal Imaging and Soft X‐Ray Tomography of Fluorescent Nanodiamonds in Cancer Cells
Authors: Reineck Philipp , Abraham Amanda N. , Poddar Arpita , Shukla Ravi , Abe Hiroshi , Ohshima Takeshi , Gibson Brant C. , Dekiwadia Chaitali , Conesa José J. , Pereiro Eva , Gelmi Amy , Bryant Gary 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMultimodal imaging promises to revolutionize the understanding of biological processes across scales in space and time by combining the strengths of multiple imaging techniques. Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) are biocompatible, chemically inert, provide high contrast in light‐ and electron‐based microscopy, and are versatile optical quantum sensors. Here it is demonstrated that FNDs also provide high absorption contrast in nanoscale 3D soft X‐ray tomograms with a resolution of 28 nm in all dimensions. Confocal fluorescence, atomic force, and scanning electron microscopy images of FNDs inside and on the surface of PC3 cancer cells with sub‐micrometer precision are correlated. FNDs are found inside ≈1 µm sized vesicles present in the cytoplasm, providing direct evidence of the active uptake of bare FNDs by cancer cells. Imaging artefacts are quantified and separated from changes in cell morphology caused by sample preparation. These results demonstrate the utility of FNDs in multimodal imaging, contribute to the understanding of the fate of FNDs in cells, and open up new possibilities for biological imaging and sensing across the nano‐ and microscale.
Modeling tangential flow filtration using reverse asymmetric membranes for bioreactor harvesting
Authors: Zhang Da , Patel Parag , Strauss Daniel , Qian Xianghong , Ranil Wickramasinghe S. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTangential flow filtration (TFF) has many advantages for bioreactor harvesting, as the permeate could be introduced directly to the subsequent capture step. However, membrane fouling has limited its widespread use. This is particularly problematic given the high cell densities encountered today. Here, a reverse asymmetric membrane, where the more open surface faces the feed stream and the tighter barrier layer faces the permeate stream, has been investigated. The open surface contains pores up to 40 μm in diameter while the tighter barrier layer has an average pore size of 0.4 μm. Filtration of yeast suspensions has been conducted under a range of conditions. The yeast cells are trapped in the open pore structure. The membrane stabilizes an internal porous cake that acts like a depth filter. This stabilized cake layer can remove particulate matter that would foul the barrier layer if it faced the feed stream. As filtration continues, a surface cake layer forms on the membrane surface. A resistance in series model has been developed to describe the permeate flux during TFF. The model contains three fitted parameters which can easily be determined from constant pressure normal flow filtration experiments and total recycle constant flux TFF experiments. The model can be used to estimate the capacity of the filter for a given feed stream. Our results suggest that using a reverse asymmetric membrane could avoid severe flux decline associated with fouling of the barrier layer during bioreactor harvesting.
HAO‐CNN: Filament‐aware hair reconstruction based on volumetric vector fields
Authors: Ye Zehao , Li Guiqing , Yao Biyuan , Xian Chuhua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHair modeling plays an important role in computer animation, virtual reality, and other applications. This paper proposes an encoder‐decoder network, named HAO‐CNN, to recover 3D hair strand models from a single image. Specifically, HAO‐CNN generates a volumetric vector field (VVF) from the oriented map of hairstyles. However, instead of directly working on the full resolution VVFs, we introduce the adapted O‐CNN to predict the adaptive representation of VVFs in order to greatly reduce the memory cost. In addition, we fuse the features from different layers of the encoding stage for both capturing the global structure and being aware of hair filaments. Considering the difficulty of acquiring true three‐dimensional (3D) hair models, we augment the dataset with 340 3D hair models by 1,800 hair models via interactive editing using the software and render their oriented maps as training data. Then given a hair photo associated with human head, we segment out the hair region, compute its two‐dimensional oriented map using Gabor filter, and feed it into the network to produce a hair volumetric vector field which is then converted into hairline models using an improved VVF‐to‐strands algorithm. This greatly decreases the time cost of approaches based on volumetric vector fields.
OCRE Domains of Splicing Factors RBM5 and RBM10: Tyrosine Ring‐Flip Frequencies Determined by Integrated Use of 1H NMR Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Martin Bryan T. , Malmstrom Robert D. , Amaro Rommie E. , Wüthrich Kurt 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe 55‐residue OCRE domains of the splicing factors RBM5 and RBM10 contain 15 tyrosines in compact, globular folds. At 25 °C, all 15 tyrosines show symmetric 1H NMR spectra, with averaged signals for the pairs of δ‐ and ϵ‐ring hydrogens. At 4 °C, two tyrosines were identified as showing 1H NMR line‐broadening due to lowered frequency of the ring‐flipping. For the other 13 tyrosine rings, it was not evident, from the 1H NMR data alone, whether they were either all flipping at high frequencies, or whether slowed flipping went undetected due to small chemical‐shift differences between pairs of exchanging ring hydrogen atoms. Here, we integrate 1H NMR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to determine the tyrosine ring‐flip frequencies. In the RBM10‐OCRE domain, we found that, for 11 of the 15 tyrosines, these frequencies are in the range 2.0×106 to 1.3×108 s−1, and we established an upper limit of <1.0×106 s−1 for the remaining four residues. The experimental data and the MD simulation are mutually supportive, and their combined use extends the analysis of aromatic ring‐flip events beyond the limitations of routine 1H NMR line‐shape analysis into the nanosecond frequency range.
Surface Ligand Density Switches Glycovesicles between Monomeric and Multimeric Lectin Recognition
Authors: Yadav Shivender , Naresh Kottari , Jayaraman Narayanaswamy 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCarbohydrate‐protein interactions define a multitude of cellular recognition events. We present herein synthetic glycovesicles as cell‐surface mimics in order to switch the nature of lectin recognition. The covalent glycovesicles, constituted with diacetylene monomers of various ligand densities at their surfaces, are prepared through photo‐polymerization. Vesicles with sparsely imbedded ligands engage in a lectin interaction leading to the formation of a dense, crosslinked multimeric complex. On the other hand, vesicles with many ligands, or completely covered with them, switch the lectin interaction to form a fully soluble monomeric complex, without crosslinking. Nanomolar dissociation constants govern these interactions, as assessed by a ligand‐displacement assay. The study demonstrates the switching nature – between monomeric and multimeric – of the interaction as a function of ligand density in the vesicles; the results are directly relevant to understanding such a phenomenon occurring at cell surfaces.
Molecular Basis of the Antiangiogenic Action of Rosmarinic Acid, a Natural Compound Targeting Fibroblast Growth Factor‐2/FGFR Interactions
Authors: Pagano Katiuscia , Carminati Laura , Tomaselli Simona , Molinari Henriette , Taraboletti Giulia , Ragona Laura 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFibroblast growth factor (FGF2)/fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) signalling plays a major role both in physiology and in several pathologies, including cancer development, metastasis formation and resistance to therapy. The development of small molecules, acting extracellularly to target FGF2/FGFR interactions, has the advantage of limiting the adverse effects associated with current intracellular FGFR inhibitors. Herein, we discuss the ability of the natural compound rosmarinic acid (RA) to induce FGF2/FGFR complex dissociation. The molecular‐level description of the FGF2/FGFR/RA system, by NMR spectroscopy and docking, clearly demonstrates that RA binds to the FGFR‐D2 domain and directly competes with FGF2 for the same binding site. Direct and allosteric perturbations combine to destabilise the complex. The proposed molecular mechanism is validated by cellular studies showing that RA inhibits FGF2‐induced endothelial cell proliferation and FGFR activation. Our results can serve as the basis for the development of new extracellular inhibitors of the FGF/FGFR pathways.
A Case of bilateral concomitant inguinal and femoral hernias treated with transabdominal preperitoneal repair
Authors: Uesato Yasunori , Takatsuki Mitsuhisa 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSynchronous bilateral hernias are very rare, and subclinical hernias as this case are very difficult to diagnose preoperatively. Laparoscopic surgery, which can accurately confirm and reinforce the weakened bilateral inguinal region, was very useful.
Male pseudohermaphroditism: A case study of 46,XY disorder of sexual development using whole‐exome sequencing
Authors: Naumova Oxana Yu. , Rychkov Sergey Yu. , Burenkova Olga V. , Solodunova Maria Yu. , Polyanskaya Irina V. , Arintcina Irina A. , Zhukova Marina A. , Ovchinnikova Irina V. , Zhukova Olga V. , Grigorenko Elena L. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe study shows that whole‐exome sequencing is a promising approach to detect novel variants—and gene candidates in DSD, that, as a future direction, may improve the diagnostic gene panels for this heterogeneous disorder.
Photoswitchable phosphines in catalysis
Authors: Medici Fabrizio , Goual Nawel , Delattre Vincent , Voituriez Arnaud , Marinetti Angela 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPhotoswitchable catalysts based on phosphorus ligands have been overlooked so far, despite the growing current interest for catalysts control through external stimuli. This review surveys the current knowledge in the field, including synthetic approaches to photoswitchable phosphines and their transition metal complexes, and applications in rhodium, palladium, gold, ruthenium and copper catalysis. This survey demonstrates that both regulation of the catalytic activity and tuning of the chemo‐ and enantioselectivity can be achieved using irradiation as a non‐invasive external stimulus. Non‐catalytic uses of photoswitchable phosphines in organic synthesis are also mentioned.
Deactivation Mechanism and Enhanced Durability of V2O5/TiO2–SiO2–MoO3 Catalysts for NH3−SCR in the Presence of SO2
Authors: Kuma Ryoji , Kitano Tomoyuki , Tsujiguchi Takuya , Tanaka Tsunehiro 
Published: September 2020

AbstractV2O5/TiO2‐type catalysts are widely applied for selective catalytic NO reduction by NH3 (NH3‐SCR), but enhanced sulfur tolerance and low‐temperature activity are required. Herein, V2O5/TiO2−SiO2−MoO3 (V/TSM) was demonstrated to have excellent catalytic activity and durability for NH3‐SCR in the presence of SO2 at temperatures lower than 200 °C. The deactivation mechanism and factors influencing SO2 durability were investigated using catalytic durability tests, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, and temperature‐programmed desorption/decomposition. Our results revealed that (NH4)2S2O3 and NH4HSO4 form on catalyst surfaces by NH3−SO2−H2O reactions at low temperatures, resulting in catalyst deactivation via pore blockage. However, V/TSM was found to possess an increased number of active sites for decomposing deposited ammonium sulfate salts. The decomposition activity was related to the solid acidity, which enhanced SO2 desorption and reactions between ammonium sulfate salts and NO. These findings will contribute to the development of catalysts with improved lifetimes for NH3−SCR.
Role of Recrystallization in Alkaline Treatment on the Catalytic Activity of 1‐Butene Epoxidation
Authors: Zuo Yi , Yang Liqian , Jiang Xiao , Ma Mengtong , Wang Yanli , Liu Min , Song Chunshan , Guo Xinwen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTwo alkylol amines, which were ethanolamine (EOA) and triethanolamine (TEOA), were used to posttreat nanosized titanium silicalite‐1 (TS‐1) to improve its catalytic activity for 1‐butene epoxidation. Comparative studies were conducted to clarify the influences of the EOA and TEOA concentrations on the physicochemical properties through detailed characterization. EOA treatment can dissolve the framework Si, [SiO4], on the external surface of TS‐1, generating some macropores. TEOA serves as structure‐directing agent to form MFI topology other than the dissolution of [SiO4], and promotes the recrystallization of [SiO4], forming new TS‐1 particles over the external surface. The two treatments can both improve the catalytic activity of 1‐butene epoxidation, but the samples treated with TEOA exhibit better catalytic stability. This can be attributed to the characteristic recrystallization of [SiO4] in the case of TEOA treatment, stabilizing the structure of TS‐1 and maintaining more framework Ti and intercrystal space.
Practical Application of Hierarchical Beta Zeolite in a Vacuum Gas Oil Hydrocracking Catalyst
Authors: Zhang Weimin , Qin Bo , Li Wenxi , Hou Kaige , Du Yanze , Ma Jinghong , Li Ruifeng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA hierarchical Beta zeolite has been successfully mass‐prepared hydrothermally and dynamically in a pilot‐scale autoclave by an economical and simple process with low‐cost raw materials. The characterization results indicated that the pilot‐scale hierarchical Beta zeolite has the same textural, structural, and acidic properties like the bench‐scale sample. Moreover, the catalyst composed of the pilot‐scale hierarchical H‐Beta zeolite showed higher activity and selectivity to the middle distillate than that containing microporous Beta zeolite in catalytic hydrocracking of vacuum gas oil (VGO) evaluated by an industrial pilot installation in running of 3000 h, due to the increased accessibility and the reduction of diffusion constraint of large molecules to acid sites in the Beta zeolite framework.
A Dendron‐Based Fluorescence Turn‐On Probe for Tumor Detection
Authors: Liu Changren , Zhang Ling'e , Zhou Sensen , Zhang Xiaoke , Wu Wei , Jiang Xiqun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSpecifically amplifying the emission signals of optical probes in tumors is an effective way to improve the tumor‐imaging sensitivity and contrast. In this paper, the first case of dendron‐based fluorescence turn‐on probes mediated by a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism is reported. Dendrons up to the fourth generation with a hydrophilic oligo(ethylene glycol) scaffold are synthesized by a solid‐phase synthesis strategy, and show precise and defect‐free chemical structures. To construct the fluorescence turn‐on probe, one Cy5.5 molecule is conjugated to the focal of a G3 dendron through a robust linkage and eight Black Hole Quencher 3 (BHQ‐3) molecules are conjugated to its periphery through a PEG chain bearing a reductively cleavable disulfide linkage. By in vitro and in vivo experiments, it is demonstrated that the fluorescence of the dendron‐based probe can be activated effectively and rapidly in the reductive environments of tumor cells and tissues, and the probe thus exhibits amplified tumor signals and weak normal tissue signals. Compared with the reported nanoscale turn‐on probes, the dendron‐based probe has several significant advantages, such as well‐defined chemical structure, precisely controllable fluorophore/quencher conjugation sites and ratio, desirable chemical stability, and reproducible pharmacokinetic and pharmacological profiles, and is very promising in tumor detection.
A Water‐Soluble Iridium Photocatalyst for Chemical Modification of Dehydroalanines in Peptides and Proteins
Authors: van Lier Roos C. W. , de Bruijn A. Dowine , Roelfes Gerard 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDehydroalanine (Dha) residues are attractive noncanonical amino acids that occur naturally in ribosomally synthesised and post‐translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). Dha residues are attractive targets for selective late‐stage modification of these complex biomolecules. In this work, we show the selective photocatalytic modification of dehydroalanine residues in the antimicrobial peptide nisin and in the proteins small ubiquitin‐like modifier (SUMO) and superfolder green fluorescent protein (sfGFP). For this purpose, a new water‐soluble iridium(III) photoredox catalyst was used. The design and synthesis of this new photocatalyst, [Ir(dF(CF3)ppy)2(dNMe3bpy)]Cl3, is presented. In contrast to commonly used iridium photocatalysts, this complex is highly water soluble and allows peptides and proteins to be modified in water and aqueous solvents under physiologically relevant conditions, with short reaction times and with low reagent and catalyst loadings. This work suggests that photoredox catalysis using this newly designed catalyst is a promising strategy to modify dehydroalanine‐containing natural products and thus could have great potential for novel bioconjugation strategies.