bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mircrining the injured heart with stem cell-derived exosomes: an emerging strategy of cell-free therapy
Authors: Haider Khawaja Husnain , Aramini Beatrice 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have successfully progressed to phase III clinical trials successive to an intensive in vitro and pre-clinical assessment in experimental animal models of ischemic myocardial injury. With scanty evidence regarding their cardiogenic differentiation in the recipient patients’ hearts post-engraftment, paracrine secretion of bioactive molecules is being accepted as the most probable underlying mechanism to interpret the beneficial effects of cell therapy. Secretion of small non-coding microRNA (miR) constitutes an integral part of the paracrine activity of stem cells, and there is emerging interest in miRs’ delivery to the heart as part of cell-free therapy to exploit their integral role in various cellular processes. MSCs also release membrane vesicles of diverse sizes loaded with a wide array of miRs as part of their paracrine secretions primarily for intercellular communication and to shuttle genetic material. Exosomes can also be loaded with miRs of interest for delivery to the organs of interest including the heart, and hence, exosome-based cell-free therapy is being assessed for cell-free therapy as an alternative to cell-based therapy. This review of literature provides an update on cell-free therapy with primary focus on exosomes derived from BM-derived MSCs for myocardial repair.
Estrogen modulation of pain perception with a novel 17β-estradiol pretreatment regime in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Zhang Wenxin , Wu Hui , Xu Qi , Chen Sheng , Sun Lihong , Jiao Cuicui , Wang Luyang , Fu Feng , Feng Ying , Qian Xiaowei , Chen Xinzhong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEstrogen plays substantial roles in pain modulation; however, studies concerning sex hormones and nociception often yield confusing results. The discrepancy could be a result of lack of consensus to regard estrogen as a variable when working with animal models; thus, the influence of hormones’ fluctuations on nociception has continually been neglected. In the present study, we designed a novel hormone substitution model to aid us to evaluate the effects of estrogen’s long-term alterations on ovariectomy (OVX)-induced mechanical hyperalgesia and the expression of estrogen receptors(ERs). OVX rats were implanted with slow-release estrogen pellets at differently arranged time points and doses, such that a gradual elevation or decrease of serum estrogen levels following a relatively stable period of estrogen replacement was achieved in rats. Our results demonstrated that gradual estrogen depletion rather than elevation following the stable period of estrogen substitution in OVX rats alleviated OVX-induced mechanical hyperalgesia in a dose-independent manner, and the opposite estrogen increase or decrease paradigms differently regulate the expression of spinal ERs. Specifically, in rats rendered to continuously increased serum estrogen, the early phase estrogen-induced anti-nociception effect in OVX rats was eliminated, which was accompanied by an over-activation of ERα and a strong depression of ERβ, while in the OVX rats subject to gradual decrease of estrogen replacement, both ERα and ERβ increased modestly compared with the OVX group. Thus, the present study demonstrated that estrogen increase or decrease modulate nociception differently through change of spinal ERs.
The antagonism of 6-shogaol in high-glucose-activated NLRP3 inflammasome and consequent calcification of human artery smooth muscle cells
Authors: Chen Te-Chuan , Yen Chia-Kung , Lu Ying-Chen , Shi Chung-Sheng , Hsieh Rong-Ze , Chang Shun-Fu , Chen Cheng-Nan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Vascular calcification is the major reason for high mortality of cardiovascular complications for diabetes. Interleukin (IL)-1β has been implicated in this pathogenesis, but its precise role and clinical evidence have not been clearly identified. Hence, this study was aimed to investigate whether high concentration of glucose (HG), which mimics the hyperglycemia environment, could initiate vascular calcification through NLRP3/IL-1β inflammasome and the underlying mechanism. Recently, 6-shogaol, a major ginger derivate, has been elucidated its pharmaceutic role for various diseases. Therefore, the aims of this study also determined 6-shogaol effect in vascular calcification of HG initiation.

Result
Human artery smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) were used in this study. Glucose concentrations at 5 and 25 mM were defined as normal and HG status, respectively. The results showed that HG could increase the NLRP3, cleaved caspase 1, and pro/mature IL-1β levels to induce the expressions of bone-related matrix proteins and subsequent HASMC calcification. This process was regulated by Akt activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Moreover, 6-shogaol could inhibit the Akt/ROS signaling and NLRP3/caspase 1/IL-1β inflammasome and hence attenuated HASMC calcification.

Conclusions
This study elucidates the detailed mechanism of HG-initiated HASMC calcification through NLRP3/caspase 1/IL-1β inflammasome and indicates a potential therapeutic role of 6-shogaol in vascular calcification complication of diabetes.
On a new Hilbert-type integral inequality involving the upper limit functions
Authors: Mo Hongmin , Yang Bicheng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBy applying the weight functions and the idea of introduced parameters we give a new Hilbert-type integral inequality involving the upper limit functions and the beta and gamma functions. We consider equivalent statements of the best possible constant factor related to a few parameters. As applications, we obtain a corollary in the case of a nonhomogeneous kernel and some particular inequalities.
Benefits of high-resolution downscaling experiments for assessing strong wind hazard at local scales in complex terrain: a case study of Typhoon Songda (2004)
Authors: Takemi Tetsuya , Ito Rui 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study investigated the representation of surface winds in complex terrain during the passage of Typhoon Sondga (2004) in downscaling simulations with the horizontal grid spacing of 200 m. The mountainous areas in Hokkaido where forest damages occurred in the typhoon event were chosen for the present analysis. The 200 m grid simulations were compared with the simulations with the grid spacing of 1 km. The 200 m grid simulations clearly indicated more enhanced and more frequent extremes both in the stronger and weaker ranges of surface winds than the 1 km grid case. Both in the 200 m grid and 1 km grid cases, the mean and maximum winds in the analysis areas during the simulated time period increase with the increase in the terrain slope angle, but in the 200 m grid case, the relationships of the mean and maximum winds against the terrain slope angle includes wide scatter. In this way, the response of the wind representations to the grid spacing appears differently between the 200 m and 1 km grid cases. A parameter characterized subgrid-scale orography was used to quantify the influences of the terrain complexity on surface winds, demonstrating that the area-maxima and spatial variance of surface winds are more enhanced with the increase in the subgrid-scale orography in the higher-resolution case. It is suggested that the high-resolution simulations at the 200 m grid highlight the fluctuating nature of surface winds in complex terrain, because of the better representation of the model terrain at 200 m. Benefits of the representation of surface winds in simulations at the resolution on the order of 100 m are due to the better representation of complex terrain, which enables to quantitatively assess the impacts of strong winds on forest and natural vegetation in complex terrain.
A long-term survivor of recurrent esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma treated with multidisciplinary therapy: a case report
Authors: Tanaka Takako , Arigami Takaaki , Uenosono Yoshikazu , Yanagita Shigehiro , Matsushita Daisuke , Okubo Keishi , Kijima Takashi , Uchikado Yasuto , Kita Yoshiaki , Mori Shinichiro , Sasaki Ken , Omoto Itaru , Kurahara Hiroshi , Maemura Kosei , Ishigami Sumiya , Natsugoe Shoji 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Patients with esophagogastric junction cancer are increasing in Western and Eastern countries. Conversely, the clinical significance of surgical resection remains controversial in these patients. We report a long-term survivor of recurrent esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma who underwent constructive multimodal therapy, including surgical resection.

Case presentation
A 51-year-old man underwent total gastrectomy for esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma in 2009. In June 2010, computed tomography (CT) indicated a lung nodule and we partially resected the right lower lung. It was pathologically diagnosed as distant metastasis from esophagogastric junction cancer. After lung resection, he received adjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 for 1 year. In September 2014, CT demonstrated a swelling of the upper mediastinal lymph node with abnormal uptake on fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. We performed an ultrasonography-guided needle biopsy, and he was diagnosed with lymph nodal recurrence of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma by pathological examination and was subsequently treated with capecitabine plus cisplatin plus trastuzumab. Since CT showed a reduction in the metastatic upper mediastinal lymph node after chemotherapy, he underwent upper mediastinal lymphadenectomy in April 2015. Following surgery, we provided radiation therapy to the upper mediastinum and chemotherapy with S-1. At the last report, the patient was alive for 8 years and 3 months since the first surgery.

Conclusions
This case report shows the clinical benefit of constructive multimodal therapy for recurrent esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma.
Relationship between blood pressure response during hemodialysis and exercise tolerance or heart rate recovery measured using cardio-pulmonary exercise testing in maintenance hemodialysis patients
Authors: Yabe Hiroki , Kono Kenichi , Shiraki Ryota , Masuda Akiho , Moriyama Yoshifumi , Kasuga Hirotake 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
This study investigated the association between the blood pressure response during hemodialysis (HD) and exercise tolerance or heart rate recovery (HRR) measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX).

Methods
The study enrolled 23 patients who had been undergoing 4-h regular maintenance HD. The maximum workload (Loadpeak), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), workload and oxygen uptake at the anaerobic threshold (LoadAT and VO2AT, respectively), and HRR were measured with CPX. The average systolic blood pressure during HD (SBPav) was measured, and the number of times the SBP was less than 100 mmHg was determined in the 2-week period after CPX.

Results
The SBPav showed a significant correlation with LoadAT (r = 0.46) and Loadpeak (r = 0.43, p < 0.05). The number of times the SBP was less than 100 mmHg showed a significant correlation with the HRR (r = − 0.44, p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Exercise intolerance and HRR in HD patients may be associated with blood pressure instability during HD.
Characteristics of symptom burden in atrial fibrillation with concomitant heart failure
Authors: Heo Ran , Cha Myung-Jin , Kim Tae-Hoon , Lee Jung Myung , Park Junbeom , Park Hyung Wook , Kang Ki-Woon , Shim Jaemin , Uhm Jae-Sun , Kim Jun , Kim Jin-Bae , Kim Changsoo , Lee Young Soo , Choi Eue-Keun , Joung Boyoung , Park Jin-Kyu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
Symptom burden is an important factor in determining the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). AF is frequently accompanied by heart failure (HF). This study investigated the characteristics of AF symptoms with concomitant HF.

Methods
A total of 4885 patients with AF were consecutively enrolled through a prospective observational registry (the Comparison Study of Drugs for Symptom Control and Complication Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation [CODE-AF] registry). Clinically diagnosed HF was divided into three categories (preserved, mid-range, and reduced ejection fraction [EF]). Symptom severity was assessed using the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) classification.

Results
The presence of AF-related symptoms was comparable irrespective of concomitant HF. Patients with HF with reduced EF demonstrated severe (EHRA classes 3 and 4) and atypical symptoms. HF with preserved EF was also associated with atypical symptoms. Female sex and AF type were associated with the presence of symptoms in AF without HF, and non-maintenance of sinus rhythm and increased left atrial pressure (E/e′ ≥ 15) were factors related to the presence of symptoms in AF with HF.

Conclusion
AF with concomitant HF presented with more severe and atypical symptoms than AF without HF. Maintaining the sinus rhythm and reducing the E/e’ ratio are important factors for reducing symptoms in AF with concomitant HF.
Emerging functional materials based on chemically designed molecular recognition
Authors: Chen Wei , Tian Xiaohua , He Wenbo , Li Jianwei , Feng Yonghai , Pan Guoqing 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe specific interactions responsible for molecular recognition play a crucial role in the fundamental functions of biological systems. Mimicking these interactions remains one of the overriding challenges for advances in both fundamental research in biochemistry and applications in material science. However, current molecular recognition systems based on host–guest supramolecular chemistry rely on familiar platforms (e.g., cyclodextrins, crown ethers, cucurbiturils, calixarenes, etc.) for orienting functionality. These platforms limit the opportunity for diversification of function, especially considering the vast demands in modern material science. Rational design of novel receptor-like systems for both biological and chemical recognition is important for the development of diverse functional materials. In this review, we focus on recent progress in chemically designed molecular recognition and their applications in material science. After a brief introduction to representative strategies, we describe selected advances in these emerging fields. The developed functional materials with dynamic properties including molecular assembly, enzyme-like and bio-recognition abilities are highlighted. We have also selected materials with dynamic properties in contract to traditional supramolecular host–guest systems. Finally, the current limitations and some future trends of these systems are discussed.
Working towards the trans-inclusive workforce
Authors: Peate Ian 
Published: January 2020

This article discusses the transgender workforce. There are a number of terms used when discussing trans and transgender; the article provides insight into some of the terminology used and a glossary is provided. There are more and more employees in the workplace with gender identities and expressions that can be different to what is often considered ‘gender’ and these are discussed, along with statutory duties. Discrimination is considered, as is what role the healthcare assistant and assistant practitioner (HCA and AP) can play in being an ally to transgendered people. Respect and understanding are key issues that have been highlighted throughout.
What is a primary care advanced practice role in Cornwall?
Authors: Barea Sarah 
Published: January 2020

In this quantitative study, Sarah Barea analyses the current advanced practice roles in primary care in Cornwall Aim: To analyse current primary care advanced practice roles in Cornwall, measured against Health Education England's Multi-Professional Framework for Advanced Clinical Practice. Method: A quantitative questionnaire was sent to all primary care practitioners in the county practicing with an advanced title. Findings: In total, 34 respondents (approximately 60% of those invited) took part. Practitioners have a broad spectrum of experience and education and varied scope of clinical practice. The grading of roles does not compare with educational level, experience or scope of practice. This is consistent with current literature which explores the need to regulate the role. Conclusion: If the Advanced Practice Framework is implemented as planned, then there are gaps in current practice that need to be addressed in order to ensure practitioners have the competencies to provide safe, autonomous practice.
Understanding the NICE guidance on endometriosis
Authors: Norton Wendy , Holloway Debby 
Published: January 2020

Wendy Norton and Debby Holloway provide an overview of endometriosis and identify the role of the practice nurse in supporting women with this diagnosis through their patient journey, referencing best practice from NICE guidelines Endometriosis is a long-term gynaecological condition where endometrial tissue forms lesions outside the uterus, resulting in internal bleeding, inflammation, fibrosis, and adhesion formation. The condition is estimated to affect between 2 and 10% of women in the general population, but up to 50% of women with infertility, and can have a significant impact on women's, and their partners', lives. Endometriosis is often misunderstood and misdiagnosed, leading to reported lengthy delays in achieving a correct diagnosis. In 2017 and 2018, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) released guidelines and quality standards on managing endometriosis. Nurses working in primary care services play an important role in raising awareness of this condition and providing holistic, individualised care for women with endometriosis.
Electrodeposition of Cu-Zn-Sn coating in citrate medium
Authors: Salhi Yassine , Cherrouf Sghir , Cherkaoui Mohammed 
Published: January 2020

The electrodeposition of Cu-Zn-Sn (CZT) coating at ambient temperature was investigated. The bath consists of metal salts SnSO4, ZnSO4,7H2O and CuSO4,5H2O and sodium citrate (NaC6H5Na3O7,2H2O) as a complexing agent. For precipitation, the pH is maintained at 5. The reducing of copper, tin and zinc through Cu2HCit3−, Sncit2− and ZnHcit− complexes respectively are confirmed by the presence of three cathodic peaks on the voltammograms realized on steel and ITO glass substrate. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed peaks corresponding to the phases: Cu-Zn cubic, Cu-Sn hexagonal and β-Sn tetragonal. The deposition rate is 35 μm/h. SEM observation and EDAX analysis showed that the coating consists of a uniform CZT layer of which composition is 55% copper, 20% zinc and 25% tin at -1.5V. A preliminary study showed a remarkable improvement in the corrosion resistance of CZT coated steel in comparison with bare steel.
Chitosan-g-poly (acrylonitrile-co-acrylic acid) for wastewater treatment application
Authors: Mansour Nahla A. , Ahmed Sahar M. , Mazrouaa Azza M. 
Published: January 2020

Chitosan is a biodegradable natural based polymer obtained from chitin (N-deacetylated derivative), the second most abundant polysaccharide after cellulose and soluble in most organic acids. Graft copolymerization of poly (acrylonitrile-co-acrylic acid) onto chitosan has been successfully carried out using potassium persulfate as an initiator in an aqueous medium. The PAN and PAA homopolymer formed during the reaction were removed from the Chitosan grafted copolymer by Soxhlet extraction using ethanol as the solvent. The prepared graft copolymerization was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to confirm the formation of the copolymer. The prepared chitosan-g-copolymer at ratio 25:75% of AN-co-AA was treated with metal solutions containing cadmium ions, times and pH at room temperature. It[Am1] was found that the optimum condition was pH=5, Time 120min and dose of adsorbent 3 mg /L. The results revealed that the chitosan-g-copolymer prepared was excellent in removing the heavy metals than the copolymer alone. Hence, chitosan-g- poly- AN-co-AA could open the way for wastewater treatment. The thermal stability and the electrical conductivity for all prepared samples before and after grafing were measured. By studying the thermal stability at the different ratio of AN and AA in samples co1, co2, co3, it was found that the most thermal stability sample ratio is co3 due to increasing the ratio of AN. While in sample co1 with a high ratio of AA, the thermal stability decrease according to the fast decomposition of –COOH of acrylic acid. The conductivity was 3.85x10-7 which is more than the copolymer without chitosan, which increases the electron density of the copolymer through the end group effect. As the result of σ has a range 10-8 S/cm-1 10-6 S/cm-1so, all the prepared sample can be used as an electrostatic dissipation application.
A good going: The importance of the funeral meal at traditional western Christian funerals in the United Kingdom
Authors: Hay Brian 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
It is a paradox that funerals are one of the most significant end-of-life events, and yet they are rarely discussed in hospitality research. This article explores one aspect of the funeral – namely the importance of food at traditional western Christian funerals – through interviews with five UK-based funeral directors and five funeral catering providers. Exploring both the historic significance and the current importance of the funeral meal, five specific issues were examined: funeral poverty, family interactions, power relationships, financial control/power and socialization. The study not only highlights the continuing social significance of the funeral meal in Christian western society but also the unequal power relationships between the mourners and the funeral director. However, funeral directors and their catering providers are still mindful of the costs and driven by a growing concern over funeral poverty; there is an increasing awareness for both the funeral and the funeral meal to match the mourner's ability to pay. The study concludes that the format of the funeral meal needs to change to better reflect people's changing lifestyles, and outlines areas where further research is required to better understand the significance of the funeral meal.
Javier de Navascués. Alpargatas contra libros: el escritor y las masas en la literatura del primer peronismo (1945-1955). Madrid/Frankfurt: Iberoamericana/Vervuert, 2017
Authors: Munizza Elisa Teresa 
Published: January 2020

Reseña de Javier de Navascués. Alpargatas contra libros: el escritor y las masas en la literatura del primer Peronismo (1945-1955). Iberoamericana Editorial Vervuert, 2017. 238 páginas, ISBN: 9788416922260
Luz C. Souto. Memorias de la orfandad. Miradas literarias sobre la expropiación/apropiación de menores en España y Argentina. Madrid: Iberoamericana-Vervuert, 2019
Authors: Greco Barbara 
Published: January 2020

Reseña del libro de Luz Souto sobre la expropiación de menores en España y la apropiación de menores en la Argentina del "Proceso". La autora establece un paralelismo entre ambos casos históricos, para luego analizar las obras literarias, españolas y argentinas, más representativas sobre el tema. 382 páginas, ISBN: 9788491920090.