bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KISS1/KISS1R and Breast Cancer: Metastasis Promoter
Authors: Guzman Stephania , Brackstone Muriel , Wondisford Frederic , Babwah Andy V. , Bhattacharya Moshmi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractKisspeptins (KPs), peptide products of the kisspeptin-1 (KISS1) gene, are the endogenous ligands for the KISS1 receptor, KISS1R, which is a G protein-coupled receptor. In many human tumors, KISS1 functions as a metastasis-suppressor gene and KISS1/KISS1R signaling has antimetastatic and tumor-suppressor roles. On the contrary, emerging evidence indicates that the KP/KISS1R pathway plays detrimental roles in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most difficult type of breast cancer to treat. TNBC patients initially respond to chemotherapy, but tumors acquire drug resistance and many patients relapse and die of metastases within a few years. In this review, we summarize recent developments in the understanding of the mechanisms by which KP/KISS1R signaling plays an adverse role in TNBC. This includes focusing on how KISS1R signaling regulates the cell cytoskeleton to induce tumor invadopodia formation and how KISS1R communicates with growth factor receptors such as the epidermal growth factor receptor, the receptor tyrosine kinase AXL, and transforming growth factor-β to promote cell invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance.
Bilateral communication between musculocutaneous nerve and median nerve - a case report
Authors: V. Dhanalakshmi , B. Santhi , K. Suba Ananthi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDuring routine dissection of an adult male cadaver, we observed bilateral communication between musculocutaneous nerve and median nerve. The level of origin of the communicating branch from musculocutaneous nerve was different in both arms. In left arm it arose before piercing coracobrachialis and in the right arm after piercing it. It is important to be aware of this variation while planning a surgery in the region of arm, as these nerves are more liable to be injured during operations. Any compression over the communicating branch may give rise to varying patterns of weakness that may impose difficulty in diagnosis for the neurologists.
Caterpillar hump of right hepatic artery: incidence and surgical significance
Authors: Jansirani Devi , Mugunthan N , Phalgunan Vijisha , S. Shiva deep 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims : The right hepatic artery occasionally forms a sinuous tortuousity called as caterpillar hump or Moynihan's hump, which occupies the major portion of Calot's triangle. Due to this variation, inadvertent injury to right hepatic artery may occur during surgical procedures. The aim of the study is to find out the incidence of Caterpillar hump of right hepatic artery in cadavers and to correlate with surgical significance. Materials and methods : Sixty cadavers allotted for the purpose of teaching undergraduate students from the period of 2006 to 2011 were used for this study. Branches of coeliac trunk were traced and right hepatic artery was observed for the presence of caterpillar hump. Results : Caterpillar hump was noted in three out of 60 cadavers (5%). Out of three specimens with caterpillar hump, right hepatic artery passed posterior to common hepatic duct in two specimens and anterior to it in one specimen. The presence of dual loops of right hepatic artery was noted in two specimens and single loop was observed in one specimen. Conclusion: The presence of this variant course of right hepatic artery may lead to the formation of short cystic artery. Thereby, right hepatic artery can be mistaken for cystic artery and may be injured during surgical procedures. The knowledge of caterpillar hump of right hepatic artery is essential for the surgeons to avoid the risk of ischemic necrosis of right lobe of liver.
Popliteal cyst - a case report
Authors: VK Sathidevi , UR Rahul , Aipe Arun K 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe authors report a case of popliteal cyst which was detected during the routine dissection of a cadaver in Anatomy Department, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala. The cyst was identified in the right popliteal fossa in a female cadaver arising from the interior of knee joint. It measured 6 cm in length and 3 cm in width. Thick synovial membrane was forming the cyst wall. On deep dissection it was found communicating directly with the synovial lining of knee joint.
Pseudocyst of the auricle : management options
Authors: Bage Atul M , Bage Nutan N , D. Anand Karthikeyan ,   Vijayasundararn
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background & Aims : Pseudocyst of auricle otherwise called as auricular seroma is a cystic swelling filled with serous fluid. It occurs spontaneously or following surgery or trauma. Successful treatment of seromas remain a challenge because this disease has a high propensity for recurrence. The aim was to study the role of triamcinolone in reducing recurrence of pseudocyst of the auricle. Materials and methods : A total of 50 patients with pseudocyst of auricle were randomized into two groups. They were followed up to a year for recurrence. The technique of intra-lesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide after aspirating the fluid was followed in one group as against aspiration and tight bandaging in another group. Results : Out of seroma patients who underwent aspiration and bandaging, 90.91 % had recurrence as against only 25.64% recurrence in patients who underwent aspiration and Inj. Triamcinolone infiltration. Out of seroma patients who underwent aspiration and bandaging 54.55% had recurrence within 1 month of initial treatment and 27 .27% of them had a second recurrence within 3 months. Conclusion : Intralesional injection of triamcinolone is a promising treatment option for management of auricular seroma. It prevents the recurrence also.
Agenesis of isthmus of thyroid gland - a case report
Authors: M. Lakshmi Kantha B , V. Jayanthi ,   Shailajashetty
Published: January 2020

AbstractA wide range of morphological varieties and developmental anomalies of the thyroid gland have been reported in literature such as hypoplasia, ectopic thyroid, hemi agenesis and agenesis. Out of these the incidence of agenesis of the isthmus of thyroid gland is rare and very few cases have been reported. During routine dissection of the male cadaver, agenesis of isthmus of thyroid gland in the midline was noted. It resulted in two lateral lobes and the arteries supplying the gland were confined only to the respective lobe with absence of anastomosis. Agenesis of Isthmus of thyroid has clinical, phylogenetic and surgical significance.
Study of variations of the anterior cerebral artery in human brain
Authors: Saikia Bishwajeet , Talukdar Kunjalal , Sarma Joydev , Sarma Amitav , Madaan Sandeep 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: Stroke, the most frequent expression of cerebrovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death and disability throughout the world. The manifestations are largely accounted by the anatomical distribution of the stems and branches of the circle of Willis supplying the brain. Considerable individual variation exists in the pattern and caliber of the individual vessels forming the circle of Willis, which may possibly impair the collateral blood flow. The knowledge of these variations thus, becomes essential for medical as well as surgical interventions. There may possibly be some regional variations in the cerebral arteries not mentioned in standard available texts. Thus, the regional based study of variations present becomes essential. The present study aims to focus on the variation of one of such branches, the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) in the population of Assam, India. Material and Methods: The ACAs of 70 human cadaveric brains were examined by gross dissection in the department of Anatomy and Forensic medicine in Gauhati Medical College. Results: Hypoplastic A-1 segment were found in 7% cases, Hypoplastic A-2 segment in 2.85% cases, Buttonhole formation in 8.57% cases and aneurysmal dilatation in 1.42% cases. The results were compared with that of other authors and variations noted. Conclusion: The present study of ACA using gross dissection is an initial step in providing a reference to the healthcare professionals in the region of Assam. Based on this further studies using newer imaging methods should be carried out to correlate the manifestations clinically.
Whitening Dentifrices Effect on Enamel with Orthodontic Braces after Simulated Brushing
Authors: Torres Vivian Santos , Lima Max José Pimenta , Valdrighi Heloísa Cristina , Campos Elisângela de Jesus , Santamaria-Jr Milton 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate in vitro the effects of whitening dentifrices on enamel color, the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets and adhesive remnant index (ARI).
Materials and Methods Eighty bovine teeth with brackets were randomly divided into four groups (n = 20): control group (GC)–water, test group 1 (GT1)–Colgate Total 12, test group 2 (GT2)–Curaprox Black Is White, and group test 3 (GT3)–Luminous White. All groups were submitted to brushing, simulating 12 months. The specimens were exposed to spectrophotometer color evaluation and to a shear strength test in a universal test machine using a 300 kN load with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The ARI was evaluated with a stereoscopic magnifying glass.
Statistical Analysis Nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s tests were used for the color analysis, and Friedman and Nemenyi tests were used to compare the times in the variable. To compare the shear force between the groups, the data were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s test, and ARI was analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, always with a significance level of 5%.
Results In the color analysis, GT3 presented the greatest progression in whitening effect. GT1 had greater shear strength than GT3 did (p ≤ 0.05). For ARI, the score 1 was predominant in the GC and GT1. The GT2 and GT3 groups had scores of 3.
Conclusion The whitening dentifrices promoted significant color change over the 12-month brushing time and may have interfered in the resistance to shear bond strength and ARI.
Birational automorphisms of Severi-Brauer surfaces
Authors: Shramov C. A. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We prove that a finite group acting by birational automorphisms of a nontrivial Severi-Brauer surface over a field of characteristic zero contains a normal abelian subgroup of index at most

. Also, we find an explicit bound for the orders of such finite groups in the case when the base field contains all roots of

.
Bibliography: 25 titles.
The relative pronoun strategy
Authors: Siegel Jeff 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The Relative Pronoun strategy is commonly used for relativization in European languages such as English – for
example: The woman [
who won the lottery ] is my neighbour. In
this strategy the head nominal (here the woman) is indicated inside the relative clause by a clause-initial
pronominal element (the relative pronoun, here who). The Relative Pronoun strategy has been characterized as an
exclusively European areal feature (e.g. Comrie 1998). This article describes this
strategy in more detail, as well as previous accounts of its distribution, and goes on to demonstrate that the same strategy is
also found in Nama, a Papuan language of southern New Guinea.
Identifying and removing haplotypic duplication in primary genome assemblies
Authors: Guan Dengfeng , McCarthy Shane A , Wood Jonathan , Howe Kerstin , Wang Yadong , Durbin Richard 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMotivationRapid development in long-read sequencing and scaffolding technologies is accelerating the production of reference-quality assemblies for large eukaryotic genomes. However, haplotype divergence in regions of high heterozygosity often results in assemblers creating two copies rather than one copy of a region, leading to breaks in contiguity and compromising downstream steps such as gene annotation. Several tools have been developed to resolve this problem. However, they either focus only on removing contained duplicate regions, also known as haplotigs, or fail to use all the relevant information and hence make errors.ResultsHere we present a novel tool, purge_dups, that uses sequence similarity and read depth to automatically identify and remove both haplotigs and heterozygous overlaps. In comparison with current tools, we demonstrate that purge_dups can reduce heterozygous duplication and increase assembly continuity while maintaining completeness of the primary assembly. Moreover, purge_dups is fully automatic and can easily be integrated into assembly pipelines.Availability and implementationThe source code is written in C and is available at https://github.com/dfguan/purge_dups.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Ascorbic acid determination with an automated enzymatic procedure
Authors: Lee Winnie , Roberts Susan M , Labbe Robert F 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Given the widespread interest in antioxidant nutrients, we have developed a new procedure that will permit the automated determination of plasma ascorbic acid (AA) concentration with a Roche Fara centrifugal analyzer. After the deproteinization of plasma with metaphosphoric acid, AA is oxidized to dehydroascorbic acid by AA oxidase. The product is coupled to o-phenylenediamine to produce a chromophore for which the absorbance is measured at 340 nm. The procedure allows much faster throughput than conventional HPLC methods while yielding results that correlate well and provide improved precision. Linearity extends beyond the reference range of 26.1–84.6 μmol/L, and severe hemolysis is the only interference identified.
Direct detection of mutations in the breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1 by PCR-mediated site-directed mutagenesis
Authors: Rohlfs Elizabeth M , Learning William G , Friedman Kenneth J , Couch Fergus J , Weber Barbara L , Silverman Lawrence M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The tumor suppressor genes BRCA1 and BRCA2, which confer increased susceptibility to breast and (or) ovarian cancer, were recently identified. Mutation analysis of BRCA1 has demonstrated significant allelic heterogeneity; however, some distinct mutations have been detected in unrelated individuals. The most notable is the 185delAG mutation, which occurs at an estimated frequency of ∼1% in individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish descent [1]. Although consensus has not been reached regarding clinical testing for mutations in BRCA1, a tiered strategy may be appropriate, in which direct testing for the more common mutations is one component. Specific alleles can be detected by using PCR-mediated site-directed mutagenesis (PSM), which alters the PCR products derived from either the wild-type or mutant allele to create or destroy a restriction endonuclease recognition site. Recognition sites are introduced by a base substitution in one of the primers. The alleles are then resolved by electrophoresis of the digested PCR products. We have applied this technique to the detection of four BRCA1 mutations: 185delAG, 5382insC, E1250X, and R1443X. Another mutation, 1294del40, can be resolved from the wild-type allele by high-resolution gel electrophoresis alone. The PSM technique is sensitive, does not require radioactivity, and is specific for individual mutations.
Cation-exchange HPLC evaluated for presumptive identification of hemoglobin variants
Authors: Riou Jean , Godart Christian , Hurtrel Didier , Mathis Mireille , Bimet Catherine , Bardakdjian-Michau Josiane , Préhu Claude , Wajcman Henri , Galactéros Frédéric 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A battery of relatively simple tests allows the presumptive identification of hemoglobin (Hb) variants, making unnecessary structural analysis by protein chemistry methods or DNA sequencing. The primary step in this strategy involves the use of a matrix of electrophoretic mobilities obtained under various experimental conditions. This leads to an unambiguous result in ∼90% of the cases. Additional tests are required to characterize with more confidence the remaining 10%. We describe here the use of cation-exchange HPLC on the Bio-Rad Variant automated analyzer with the “β Thalassemia Short” program. By comparing the elution time of 125 human Hb mutants, we found that some variants with almost identical pI values or produced by the same type of amino acid substitution displayed different elution times. We present several examples in which use of the HPLC profile helped establish the diagnosis.
Sensitive bioaffinity assays with individual microparticles and time-resolved fluorometry
Authors: Lövgren Timo , Heinonen Pia , Lehtinen Päivi , Hakala Harri , Heinola Johanna , Harju Raimo , Takalo Harri , Mukkala Veli-Matti , Schmid Ruth , Lönnberg Harri , Pettersson Kim , Iitiä Antti 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Future immunoassays and nucleic acid hybridization assays will be performed in miniaturized formats that utilize microchips or microparticles. This will require a sensitive detection technology that allows spatial resolution. By using fluorescent europium chelates and time-resolved microfluorometry, one can detect 11 000 europium molecules on individual microparticles. In a miniaturized noncompetitive immunoassay of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), we quantitatively detected 5 ng/L (0.05 amol per particle) of the analyte on an individual microparticle with excellent precision over the whole measurement range (CV &lt;10%). Using a hybridization assay, we also could detect the ΔF508 mutation for cystic fibrosis on individual microparticles. Consequently, fluorescent lanthanide chelate labels and time-resolved microfluorometry qualify as the next generation of technology in this field.
Immunoassay of human chorionic gonadotropin, its free subunits, and metabolites
Authors: Cole Laurence A 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMultiple hCG-related molecules are present in pregnancy serum and urine samples. These include nonnicked hCG (the hormone), nicked hCG, hyper- and hypoglycosylated hCG, hCG missing the C-terminal extension, free α-subunit, large free α-subunit, free β-subunit, nicked free β-subunit, and β-core fragment. Over 100 immunoassays are sold for quantifying hCG-related molecules in serum or urine. Each measures nonnicked hCG and one of seven combinations of the other hCG-related molecules. This is the source of interassay discordance in hCG determinations. Whereas minor variations are noted in different kit results in normal pregnancy samples (more than twofold variation), much larger variations may be found in two immunoassay results in irregular gestations (spontaneous abortion, aneuploidy, preeclampsia, cancers, and trophoblast disease). Care is needed in choosing an immunoassay. What the assay measures may be more important than its cost or speed. This article reviews the structure of hCG and related molecules. It examines the stability and degradation of hCG, and recognition of hCG-related molecules by different types of immunoassay. Also reviewed are new assays for specifically detecting these other hCG-related molecules.
Basal concentrations of free and esterified monohydroxylated fatty acids in human blood platelets
Authors: Guichardant Michel , Thevenon Chantal , Pageaux Jean Francois , Lagarde Michel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMonohydroxylated fatty acids (HO-FA), namely 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic and 12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acids, are enzymatically formed in response to platelet activation. Different techniques, including gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS), have been described to measure HO-FA in activated cells, but they are not well-adapted to resting cells. Measurements of free and esterified HO-FA at basal concentration require the prevention of platelet activation. For this purpose, such an activation was minimized by adding various inhibitors to the anticoagulant. Platelet recovery was greater in the protected group than in controls (473 × 109 ± 4.0 × 109 platelets/L vs 410 × 109 ± 4.53 × 109 platelets/L, respectively) (mean ± SEM, n = 9, P &lt;0.05). Lipids were extracted and immediately hydrogenated to avoid fatty acid autoxidation occurring during the workup. Unesterified and esterified HO-FA were analyzed by GC-MS, and the former were lower in the protected group (1.52 ± 0.84 pmol/109 platelets) than in the unprotected one (12.63 ± 10.52 pmol/109 platelets) (mean ± SEM, n = 9, P &lt;0.05). Interestingly, only traces of HO-FA were detected in both the triglyceride and sterol ester fractions, and they were also weakly esterified in phospholipids.
Competitive enzyme immunoassay with monoclonal antibody for homovanillic acid measurement in human urine samples
Authors: Taran Frédéric , Frobert Yveline , Créminon Christophe , Grassi Jacques , Olichon Didier , Mioskowski Charles , Pradelles Philippe 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A fast competitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for measuring homovanillic acid in human urine samples was developed with a monoclonal antibody and acetylcholinesterase as enzyme label. Enzyme detection was performed by an easy colorimetric assay. Monoclonal antibodies were screened on the basis of sensitivity, specificity, and correlation studies. EIA has a detection limit of 0.5 μmol/L, a CV &lt;10% in the 1.25–10 μmol/L range, and intra- and interassay CVs of &lt;10%. Cross-reactivity with vanillylmandelic acid was 0.5% and &lt;8% for other structurally related catecholamine metabolites. Parallelism of the EIA was shown in dilution studies and the correlation with routine HPLC assay in 62 normal and pathologic samples was EIA = 1.492 (HPLC) − 3.46, Sy|x = 47.52, range = 4–1800 μmol/L, r2 = 0.977. Additional data concerning the validity of this assay were provided by HPLC analysis of urinary immunoreactive material.
Plasma mitomycin C concentrations determined by HPLC coupled to solid-phase extraction
Authors: Paroni Rita , Arcelloni Cinzia , De Vecchi Elena , Fermo Isabella , Mauri Davide , Colombo Renzo 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study was to set up a method for quantification of plasma mitomycin C (MMC) concentrations during intravesical chemotherapy delivered in the presence of local bladder hyperthermia (HT). In comparison with existing methods, this assay, characterized by relative simplicity and efficiency, resulted in the facilitation of performance with nondedicated instrumentation or nonspecialized staff. Purification from plasma matrix was carried out by solid-phase extraction under vacuum. The purified drug was then collected directly into the vials of the HPLC autosampler. Chromatographic analysis was performed on a reversed-phase C18 column with water:acetonitrile (85:15 by vol) as the mobile phase and the UV detector set at 365 nm. The use of porfiromycin as internal standard provided a method with good within-day precision (CV 6.0% at 5 μg/L, n = 6), linearity (0.5–50 μg/L), and specificity. The lower limit of detection (≤0.5 μg/L) proved to be suitable for plasma pharmacokinetics monitoring in two tested patients treated with MMC+HT for superficial bladder cancer.
Capillary electrophoresis system for hemoglobin A1c determinations evaluated
Authors: Doelman Cees J A , Siebelder Carla W M , Nijhof Wim A , Weykamp Cas W , Janssens Jacques , Penders Theo J 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Hb A1c is the analyte of choice for monitoring metabolic control in patients with diabetes mellitus. Here we present a new analytical technique for measuring Hb A1c, capillary electrophoresis. The Hb A1c determination is not influenced by the labile Hb A1c fraction or by carbamylated or acetylated hemoglobin derivatives. Also, hemoglobin variants (Hb F, Hb S, and Hb C) do not interfere. This new application of capillary electrophoresis seems to be a valuable analytical tool for measuring Hb A1c in the clinical laboratory.