bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Varying Spacecraft Potentials and Debye Lengths on In Situ Low‐Energy Ion Measurements
Authors: Bergman Sofia , Stenberg Wieser Gabriella , Wieser Martin , Johansson Fredrik Leffe , Eriksson Anders 
Published: April 2020

AbstractLow‐energy ions are difficult to measure, mainly due to spacecraft charging. The ions are attracted to or repelled from the charged surface prior to detection, which changes both the energy and travel direction of the ions. This results in distortions of the data, and the changed travel directions distort the effective field of view (FOV) of the instrument performing the measurements. The ion composition analyzer (RPC‐ICA) was measuring positive ions down to an energy of a few eV around comet 67P/Churyumov‐Gerasimenko. Low‐energy ions play important parts in processes in the cometary environment, but the FOV of RPC‐ICA has been shown to get severely distorted at low ion energies. Several factors are believed to affect the distortion level. In this study we use the Spacecraft Plasma Interaction Software (SPIS) to investigate the influence of varying spacecraft potentials and Debye lengths on the FOV distortion of RPC‐ICA. We show that the distortion level is dependent on the Debye length of the surrounding plasma, but the sensitivity varies substantially between different viewing directions of the instrument. We also show that a small nonlinearity exists in the relation between FOV distortion, ion energy, and spacecraft potential, mainly caused by the photoemission and bulk flow of the cometary plasma.
Effects of Lutein Supplementation in Japanese Patients with Unilateral Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The Sakai Lutein Study
Authors: Sawa Miki , Shunto Takuya , Nishiyama Issei , Yokoyama Ayako , Shigeta Ryujiro , Miura Satoko , Kawasaki Ryo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis prospective randomized double-masked study investigated the effects of 20 mg lutein supplementation with two different capsules (beeswax or glycerol fatty acid esters) for 6 months on the fellow eyes of 39 Japanese patients with unilateral age-related macular degeneration, and assessed the factors associated with baseline plasma lutein concentration via lifestyle interviews. Macular pigment optical density (MPOD), determined with the two-wavelength autofluorescence method, increased over time in the beeswax group (ANOVA, p = 0.0451), although the increase from 3 months to 6 months was only marginally significant. No significant increase was observed in the glycerol fatty acid esters group (ANOVA, p = 0.7396). Plasma lutein concentrations significantly increased at 3 and 6 months from baseline in both groups (both p < 0.01). In a multiple regression model, age was negatively associated with higher plasma lutein concentration (p = 0.0305), while consumption of green vegetables was positively associated with baseline plasma lutein concentration (p = 0.0322). In conclusion, a significant increase in MPOD was not fully confirmed with 6 months intake duration despite a significant increase in plasma lutein concentrations. Consumption of green vegetable was confirmed to be associated with plasma lutein concentration after adjusting for other potential factors including age.
iTRAQ-based proteomics analysis on insomnia rats treated with Mongolian medical warm acupuncture
Authors: Xu Yanan , Li Xian , Man Duriwa , Su Xiulan , A Gula 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective: To explore the proteomic changes in the hypothalamus of rats treated with Mongolian medical warm acupuncture for insomnia therapy based proteomics. Method: We used an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic approach to identify proteins that potential molecular mechanisms involved in the treatment of insomnia by Mongolian medical warm acupuncture. Result: In total, 7477 proteins were identified, of which 36 proteins showed increased levels and 45 proteins showed decreased levels in insomnia model group (M) compared with healthy control group (C), 72 proteins showed increased levels and 44 proteins showed decreased levels from the warm acupuncture treated insomnia group (W) compared with healthy controls (C), 28 proteins showed increased levels and 17 proteins showed decreased levels from the warm acupuncture-treated insomnia group (W) compared with insomnia model group (M). Compared with healthy control groups, warm acupuncture-treated insomnia group showed obvious recovered. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that up-regulation of neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction and oxytocin signaling was the most significantly elevated regulate process of Mongolian medical warm acupuncture treatment for insomnia. Proteins showed that increased/decreased expression in the warm acupuncture-treated insomnia group included Prolargin (PRELP), NMDA receptor synaptonuclear-signaling and neuronal migration factor (NSMF), Transmembrane protein 41B (TMEM41B) and Microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) to adjust insomnia. Conclusion: A combination of findings in the present study suggest that warm acupuncture treatment is efficacious in improving sleep by regulating the protein expression process in an experimental rat model and may be of potential benefit in treating insomnia patients with the added advantage with no adverse effects.
First detection and genotyping of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in pet fancy rats (Rattus norvegicus) and guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) in China
Authors: Wang Jingsong , Lv Chaochao , Zhao Diandian , Zhu Runan , Li Chen , Qian Weifeng 
Published: April 2020

Enterocytozoon bieneusi, an obligate intracellular microsporidian parasite, can infect humans and a wide variety of animals worldwide. However, information on the prevalence and molecular characterization of E. bieneusi in pet rats and guinea pigs is lacking. In this study, 325 fecal samples were collected from 152 pet fancy rats and 173 pet guinea pigs purchased from pet shops in Henan and Shandong provinces. The prevalence of E. bieneusi was 11.2% (17/152) in pet fancy rats and 20.2% (35/173) in pet guinea pigs. Genotypes D (n = 12), Peru11 (n = 3), S7 (n = 1) and SCC-2 (n = 1) were identified in pet fancy rats, and genotype S7 (n = 30) and a novel genotype PGP (n = 5) were identified in pet guinea pigs. The ITS sequence and its phylogenetic analysis showed that the novel genotype PGP was distinctly different; it exhibited less than 50% similarity to the reference sequences, and did not cluster with any of the known E. bieneusi genotype groups, forming a unique branch between groups 6 and 7. These data suggest that this is a new E. bieneusi genotype group. This is the first report of E. bieneusi infection in pet fancy rats and pet guinea pigs worldwide. The identification of zoonotic genotypes D, Peru11, and S7 suggests that pet fancy rats and guinea pigs can be potential sources of human microsporidiosis.
Performance Determinants in Short (68 km) and Long (121 km) Mountain Ultra-Marathon Races
Authors: Gatterer Hannes , Rauch Simon , Procter Emily , Strapazzon Giacomo , Schenk Kai 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Standard performance parameters measured during a laboratory test have been shown to be related to mountain ultra-marathon performance up to a competition length of 75 km. It is not known if a similar relationship exists for longer races.
Objective This study aimed to investigate the association between laboratory-based performance parameters and performance times in a short (68 km) and a long (121 km) mountain ultra-marathon.
Materials and Methods Eleven male finishers of the short race and seven male finishers of the long race were investigated. Participants performed an incremental exercise test to exhaustion in the 2 weeks prior to the event. During the event, the heart rate was monitored and finishing times were registered.
Results The maximal oxygen consumption and the oxygen uptake at the ventilatory thresholds 1 and 2 were related to performance time during the short run (~12h; r = –0.764 up to r = –0.782; p < 0.05), but there was no correlation during the long race (~28h; r = –0.107 to 0.357; p > 0.05).
Conclusions This study shows that physical fitness parameters established in a laboratory setting determine competition completion times in ultra-mountain marathon events lasting for ~12 h. During longer races, i. e. ~28 h, other factors not established in the present investigation, such as experience, race strategy, coping with pain and fatigue resistance, may be important for performance.
Konfokale Line-Field-OCT: die eierlegende Wollmilchsau?
Authors: Ruini C. , Sattler E. 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungNicht invasive diagnostische Techniken wie optische Kohärenztomografie (OCT) und konfokale Laserscanmikroskopie (KLSM) haben in den letzten Jahren ihren hohen Stellenwert in der dermatologischen Forschung und im Klinikalltag bestätigt. OCT und KLSM zeigen eine hohe Spezifizität und Sensitivität für die Diagnostik von nicht melanozytären Hauttumoren, während KLSM zusätzlich für die Differenzierung von Nävi und Melanomen erfolgreich angewendet werden kann. Beide Verfahren finden auch in einem breiten Spektrum von entzündlichen und infektiösen Hauterkrankungen Einsatz. Die konfokale Line-Field-OCT (LC-OCT) ist ein neues Verfahren, welches über eine zelluläre Auflösung und Eindringtiefe bis zur tiefen Dermis verfügt, sodass nicht nur die Morphologie, sondern auch die Invasionstiefe zahlreicher Tumoren dadurch bestimmt werden kann. Die aktuell laufende präliminäre Studie zeigt ein hohes Potenzial v. a. in der Charakterisierung von aktinischen Keratosen und Feldkanzerisierung, von Basalzellkarzinomen und von Milbenerkrankungen. Weitere Studien sind nötig, um eine standardisierte Erfassung der diagnostischen Kriterien sowie Einsatzgebiete zu ermöglichen.
Gestörtes Essverhalten und psychosoziale Versorgungssituation
junger Menschen mit Typ 1 Diabetes
Authors: Saßmann Heike , Dehn-Hindenberg Andrea , Jördening Mia , Huhn Friederike , Landgraf Rüdiger , Lange Karin 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Gestörtes Essverhalten oder klinisch relevante
Essstörungen in Verbindung mit Typ 1 Diabetes haben schwerwiegende
Folgen für die Qualität der Stoffwechseleinstellung und die
langfristige gesundheitliche Prognose Betroffener. Eine frühzeitige
Diagnose und qualifizierte therapeutische Interventionen können bereits
bei gestörtem Essverhalten dazu beitragen, vorzeitige
mikrovaskuläre Schädigungen zu vermeiden. In dieser Studie
wurden für eine Gruppe junger Menschen mit Typ 1 Diabetes, die an einem
4-tägigen Camp teilnahmen, die Prävalenz essgestörten
Verhaltens und die spezifische psychosoziale Versorgungssituation
untersucht.
Material und Methoden Während eines bundesweit ausgeschriebenen
Diabetescamps für junge Menschen (16–29 Jahre) beantworteten die
Teilnehmenden Fragen zu ihrer aktuellen Diabetesbehandlung, zu
diabetesspezifischen Belastungen (PAID-5) sowie zur psychosozialen Versorgung im
Rahmen der ambulanten Langzeittherapie. Symptome gestörten Essverhaltens
wurden mit einem diabetesspezifischen Screeningfragebogen, dem Diabetes Eating
Problem Survey-Revised (DEPS-R), erhoben. Eine lineare multiple Regression wurde
berechnet, um Prädiktoren gestörten Essverhaltens zu
identifizieren.
Ergebnisse An der Umfrage beteiligten sich 308 junge Menschen mit Typ 1
Diabetes (Alter 21,4±3,4 Jahre; 73% weiblich; Diabetesdauer
10,2±5,9 Jahre; 74% in internistischer Behandlung). Bei
28,2% der Befragten ergaben sich Hinweise auf ein gestörtes
Essverhalten (17% der Männer, 32% der Frauen).
Teilnehmende mit einem auffälligen Summenwert im DEPS-R wurden nur zu
7% entsprechend psychologisch betreut. Das HbA1c, der BMI, die
diabetesspezifischen Belastungen, das Alter, die Diabetesdauer sowie das
Geschlecht erwiesen sich als signifikante Prädiktoren für das
Ausmaß gestörten Essverhaltens.
Diskussion Unter den Teilnehmenden eines Diabetescamps für junge
Menschen zeigten sich bei über einem Viertel Hinweise auf ein
gestörtes Essverhalten. Insgesamt waren davon junge Frauen
häufiger betroffen, weitere relevante Risikofaktoren waren ein
erhöhter BMI, ein höheres HbA1c und stärkere
diabetesspezifische Belastungen. Nur ein sehr geringer Anteil der jungen
Menschen mit Typ 1 Diabetes und gestörtem Essverhalten erhielt
psychologische Unterstützung.
Schlussfolgerung In der ambulanten diabetologischen Versorgung sollten
diabetesspezifische Screeninginstrumente und/oder gezielte
Screeningfragen insbesondere bei jungen Frauen regelmäßig
eingesetzt und die Ergebnisse mit den Betroffenen im Hinblick auf eine
weiterführende Behandlung besprochen werden.
Die Sensitivität und Spezifität des Mini-Audio-Tests (MAT) für unterschiedliche Hörverlustschwellen
Authors: Löhler Jan , Lehmann Martin , Segler Veronika , Volkenstein Stefan , Battmer Rolf-Dieter , Ernst Arneborg , Gräbner Frederike , Schlattmann Peter , Schönweiler Rainer , Wollenberg Barbara , Dazert Stefan 
Published: April 2020

ZusaMmenfassung
Hintergrund Eine nichtbehandelte Schwerhörigkeit hat einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die Morbidität. Zur Früherkennung wurde der Mini-Audio-Test (MAT) entwickelt. Im Rahmen einer Nachuntersuchung soll untersucht werden, welche Werte sich für die Sensitivität, Spezifität und prädiktiven Werte für einen minimal zu detektierenden Hörverlust von 25, 30, 35 und 40 dB sowohl in mindestens 1 der 4 Oktavfrequenzen zwischen 0,5 und 4 kHz als auch in den über diesen Frequenzen gemittelten Hörverlust ergeben.
Methode Nachuntersucht wurden Daten, die 2016 und 2017 erhoben wurden. Bestimmt wurden die Sensitivität, Spezifität und die negativ und positiv prädiktiven Werte mittels einer logistischen Regression.
Ergebnisse Die Sensitivität des MAT stieg in beiden Altersgruppen mit zunehmendem zu detektierendem Hörverlust an, die Spezifität sank analog. Die positiv prädiktiven Werte waren für die Älteren höher als für die Jüngeren und sanken mit steigendem, minimal zu detektierendem Hörverlust. Dabei lagen die Werte für die gemittelten Frequenzen deutlich unter denen, die den Hörverlust nur in 1 Frequenz berücksichtigen. Die negativ prädiktiven Werte verhielten sich genau entgegengesetzt.
Schlussfolgerung Die Werte sind für Ältere ab dem 60. Lebensjahr deutlich schlechter als für Jüngere ab dem 50. Lebensjahr. Dies lässt es umso wichtiger erscheinen, dass bereits ein erstes Hörscreening ab dem 50. Lebensjahr durchgeführt wird, um einen individuellen Hörverlust realistisch einschätzen zu können. Nur durch eine rechtzeitige Hörrehabilitation können negative Folgen einer unbehandelten Schwerhörigkeit positiv beeinflusst werden.
Activation Strategies for Earth-Abundant Metal Catalysis
Authors: Thomas Stephen P. , Peng Jingying 
Published: April 2020

The use of earth-abundant metal-catalysed organic transformations has increased significantly in recent years. Where low-oxidation-state catalysts are required, the in situ activation of metal(II/III) salts offers an operationally simple method to access these catalysts. Here we present the development of activation strategies from the use of reducing organometallic reagents to endogenous activation. Applications in alkene and alkyne hydrofunctionalisation reactions will be used to highlight the synthetic applications of the activation methods discussed.1	Introduction2	In situ Activation Using Organometallic Reagents3	In situ Activation Using Nonorganometallic Reagents4	‘Activator-Free’ Systems5	Conclusions
Juvenile Dermatomyositis and the Inflammatory Myopathies
Authors: Swafford Collin , Roach E. Steve 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe inflammatory myopathies comprise disorders of immune-mediated muscle injury. The histopathology and clinical features help distinguish them. Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is the most common form of myositis in children and adolescents. Children with JDM present with proximal muscle weakness and characteristic rashes. The presentation is similar in children and adults, but JDM is a primary disorder and the adult form often is concerning for a paraneoplastic syndrome. Proximal muscle weakness occurs with dermatomyositis, polymyositis, and immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy, but the latter two conditions have no dermatologic findings or distinct tissue changes which set them apart from dermatomyositis. Inclusion body myositis, also included in the inflammatory myopathies, presents with more distal involvement, and microscopically exhibits identifiable rimmed vacuoles. We review key features of these disorders, focusing in more detail on JDM because it is more often encountered by the child neurologist.
Combined Use of CytoSorb and ECMO in Patients with Severe Pneumogenic Sepsis
Authors: Akil Ali , Ziegeler Stephan , Reichelt Jan , Rehers Stephanie , Abdalla Omer , Semik Michael , Fischer Stefan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background High morbidity and mortality are frequently reported in intensive care patients suffering from severe sepsis with systemic inflammation. With the development of severe respiratory failure, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is often required. In this study, cytokine adsorption therapy in combination with ECMO is applied in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to severe pneumogenic sepsis. The efficacy of this therapy is evaluated compared with a historical cohort without hemoadsorption therapy.
Methods Between January and May 2018, combined high-flow venovenous ECMO and CytoSorb therapy (CytoSorb filter connected to ECMO circuit) was applied in patients (n = 13) with pneumogenic sepsis and ARDS. These patients were prospectively included (CytoSorb group). Data from patients (n = 7) with pneumogenic sepsis and ECMO therapy were retrospectively analyzed (control group).
Results All patients survived in the CytoSorb group, where the 30-day mortality rate reached 57% in the control group. After CytoSorb therapy, we instantly observed a significant reduction in procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels compared with the control group. Within 48 hours, the initial high doses of catecholamine could be weaned off only in the CytoSorb group.
Conclusions Our results indicate that CytoSorb in combination with ECMO is an effective therapy to prevent escalation of sepsis with rapid weaning off high-dose catecholamine infusions and quick reduction in PCT and CRP levels. Optimal timing of immunomodulatory therapy and impact on ECMO-related inflammation still need to be furtherly investigated.
Mono- and binuclear complexes of group 5 metals with diimine ligands: synthesis, reactivity and prospects for application
Authors: Fomenko Iakov S. , Gushchin Artem L. 
Published: April 2020

Published data on the coordination compounds of group 5 metals with diimine type ligands are surveyed. Methods of synthesis, structural types, reactivity and properties of these compounds are summarized and systematized. Particular attention is paid to the redox, magnetic and catalytic properties and to biological activities of these complexes, which is important for understanding the areas of their potential application.
The bibliography includes 177 references.
Practices of indexing discrepant assumptions with Germanich dachte(‘I thought’) in talk-in-interaction
Authors: Deppermann Arnulf , Reineke Silke 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper studies practices of indexing discrepant assumptions accomplished by turn-constructional units withich dachte(‘I thought’) in German talk-in-interaction. Building on the analysis of 141 instances from the corpus FOLK, we identify three sequential environments in whichich dachteis used to index that an assumption which a speaker (has) held contrasts with some other, contextually salient assumption. We show that practices which have been studied for EnglishI thoughtare also routinely used in German:ich dachteis a means to manage epistemic incongruencies and to contrast an incorrect with a correct assumption in narratives. In addition,ich dachteis also used to account for the speaker’s own prior actions which may have looked problematic because they built on misunderstandings which the speaker only discovered later. Moreover,ich dachte-practices may also be used to create comic effects by reporting an earlier, absurd assumption. The practices are discussed with regard to their role in regaining common ground, in managing relationships, in maintaining the identity of a rational actor, and in terms of their exploitation for other conversational interests. Special attention is paid to how co-occurring linguistic features, and sequential and pragmatic factors, account for local interpretations ofich dachte.
The role of echoing in meaning construction and interpretation
Authors: Galera Masegosa Alicia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEchoic mention was initially proposed as part of the relevance-theoretic approach to irony (Sperber & Wilson, 1986). The aim of this article is to present an account of echoing as a cognitive operation that goes beyond (and yet includes) the interpretation of ironic remarks. For this purpose, we explore the cognitive mechanisms that underlie the production and interpretation of echoic uses of both ironic and non-ironic language. In the light of the examples under scrutiny, we claim that echoic mentions afford metonymic access to the echoed scenario, which is then contrasted with the observable scenario. The relationship between the two scenarios, which ranges from identity to contrast, passing through type-token similarity and metaphorical resemblance, determines the communicative purpose of the speaker, which may convey different kind of attitudes.
Exploring the cultural conceptualization of emotions across national language varieties
Authors: Soares da Silva Augusto 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Supporting the hypothesis that emotions are culturally constructed, this article compares the cultural
conceptualization of pride in European and Brazilian Portuguese (EP/BP). Individualistic/collectivistic as well as other
cultural influences that determine the conceptual variation of pride in pluricentric Portuguese are examined. Adopting a
sociocognitive view of language and applying a multifactorial usage-feature and profile-based methodology, this study combines a
feature-based qualitative analysis of 500 occurrences of orgulho ‘pride’ and vaidade ‘vanity’
from a corpus of blogs with their subsequent multivariate statistic modeling. The multiple correspondence analysis reveals two
clusters of features, namely, self-centered pride and other-directed pride. Logistic regression confirmed that EP appears to be
more associated with other-directed pride, which is in line with the more collectivist and restrained Portuguese culture, whereas
BP is more connected with self-centered pride. Accordingly, morally good pride is salient in EP. Brazil’s high power distance can
also explain the prominence of negative and bad pride in BP.
“Hi, Mr. President!”
Authors: Fonseca Paula , Pascual Esther , Oakley Todd 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
What makes The Daily Show with Jon Stewart so successful as social and political satire? Rhetorical theorists and critics have identified several mechanisms for satisfying the show’s satiric and parodic aim, which include parodic polyglossia, contextual clash, and satirical specificity (Waisanen, 2009). We present a unified account of meaning construction that encompasses these three mechanisms within the framework of blended fictive interaction (Pascual, 2002, 2008a
b). Satire results from emergent effects of different conceptual configurations that have to be in place to integrate a pastiche of speech whose provenance originates in different and diverse contexts and genres. The integration of contradictory, conceptually disjointed pieces of discourse under the governing structure of the conversation frame accounts for the show’s most conspicuous satirical moments. These imagined interactions highlight facets of the real world for critical commentary. The thick description of an influential Daily Show segment deepens our understanding of contemporary political satire.