bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual-responsive doxorubicin-loaded nanomicelles for enhanced cancer therapy
Authors: Zhang Xinyi , Zhu Tiantian , Miao Yaxin , Zhou Lu , Zhang Weifang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The enhancement of tumor retention and cellular uptake of drugs are important factors in maximizing anticancer therapy and minimizing side effects of encapsulated drugs. Herein, a delivery nanoplatform, armed with a pH-triggered charge-reversal capability and self-amplifiable reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced drug release, is constructed by encapsulating doxorubicin (DOX) in pH/ROS-responsive polymeric micelle. Results: The surface charge of this system was converted from negative to positive from pH 7.4 to pH 6.8, which facilitated the cellular uptake. In addition, methionine-based system was dissociated in a ROS-rich and acidic intracellular environment, resulting in the release of DOX and α-tocopheryl succinate (TOS). Then, the exposed TOS segments further induced the generation of ROS, leading to self-amplifiable disassembly of the micelles and drug release. Conclusions: We confirms efficient DOX delivery into cancer cells, upregulation of tumoral ROS level and induction of the apoptotic capability in vitro . The system exhibits outstanding tumor inhibition capability in vivo , indicating that dual stimuli nano-system has great potential to function as an anticancer drug delivery platform.
The biological effects of microencapsulated organic acids and botanicals induces tissue-specific and dose-dependent changes to the&nbsp;Gallus gallus&nbsp;microbiota
Authors: Feye Kristina , Swaggerty Christina L. , Kogut Michael H. , Ricke Steven C. , Piva Andrea , Grilli Ester 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Microencapsulated organic acids and botanicals have the potential to develop into important tools for the poultry industry. A blend of organic acids and botanicals (AviPlus®P) has previously shown to reduce Salmonella and Campylobacter in chickens; however, changes to the microbiota of the jejunum and ileum have not been evaluated. Microbiota diversity is linked to, but not correlated with, the efficacy of natural products; therefore, understanding the effects on the microbiota is necessary for evaluating their potential as an antibiotic alternative. Results: Ileal and jejunal segments from control and supplement-fed chickens (300 and 500g/metric ton [MT]) were subjected to alpha diversity analysis including Shannon’s diversity and Pielou’s Evenness. In both analytics, the diversity in the ileum was significantly decreased compared to the jejunum irrespective of treatment. Similarly, beta diversity metrics including Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index and Weighted Unifrac Distance Matrix, were significant (Q<0.05) for both tissue and treatments comparisons. Alpha and beta diversity analytics indicated compartmentalization effects between the ileum and jejunum. Additionally, analysis of communities in the microbiota (ANCOM) analysis showed Lactobacilliaceae predominated the total operational taxonomic units (OTU), with a stepwise increase from 53% in the no treatment control (NTC) to 56% in the 300g/MT and 67% in the 500g/MT group. Staphylococcaceae were 2% in NTC and 2 and 0% in 300 and 500g/MT groups. Enterobacteriaceae decreased in the 500g/MT (31%) and increased in the 300g/MT (37%) compared to the NTC (35%). Aerococcaceae was 0% for both doses and 7% in NTC. Ruminococcaceae were 0% in NTC and 2% and 1% in the 300 and 500g/MT. These changes in the microbial consortia were statistically (Q<0.05) associated with treatment groups in the jejunum that were not observed in the ileum. Least discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSE) indicated different changes directly corresponding to treatment. Enterobacteriaceae demonstrated a stepwise decrease (from NTC onward) while Clostridiaceae, were significantly increased in the 500g/MT compared to NTC and 300g/MT (P<0.05).Conclusion: The bioactive site for the microencapsulated blend of organic acids and botanicals was the jejunum, and dietary inclusion enhanced the GIT microbiota and may be a viable antibiotic alternative for the poultry industry.
Expression and functionality study of 9 Toll-like receptors in drug-naïve non-affective first episode psychosis individuals: a 3-month study
Authors: Juncal-Ruiz Maria , Riesco-Davila Laura , Ramirez-Bonilla Mariluz , Foz Victor Ortiz-Garcia de la , Vazquez-Bourgon Javier , Ayesa-Arriola Rosa , Setien-Suero Esther , Leza Juan Carlos , Lopez-Hoyos Marcos , Crespo-Facorro Benedicto 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
The effectiveness and cost effectiveness of a hospital avoidance program in a residential aged care facility: a prospective cohort study and modelled decision analysis
Authors: Carter Hannah , Lee Xing J. , Dwyer Trudy , O’Neill Barbara , Jeffrey Dee , Doran Chris , Parkinson Lynne , Osborne Sonya , Reid-Searl Kerry , Graves Nicholas 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Residential aged care facility residents experience high rates of hospital admissions which are stressful, costly and often preventable. The EDDIE program is a hospital avoidance initiative designed to enable nursing and care staff to detect, refer and quickly respond to early signals of a deteriorating resident. The program was implemented in a 96-bed residential aged care facility in regional Australia.Methods: A prospective pre-post cohort study design was used to collect data on costs of program delivery, hospital admission rates and length of stay for the 12 months prior to, and following, the intervention. A Markov decision model was developed to synthesize study data with published literature in order to estimate the cost-effectiveness of the program. Quality adjusted life years (QALYs) were adopted as the measure of effectiveness.Results: The EDDIE program was associated with a 19% reduction in annual hospital admissions and a 31% reduction in the average length of stay. The cost-effectiveness analysis found the program to be both more effective and less costly than usual care, with 0.06 QALYs gained and $249,000 health system costs saved in a modelled cohort of 96 residents. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis estimated that there was an 86% probability that the program was cost-effective after taking the uncertainty of the model inputs into account. Conclusions: This study provides promising evidence for the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a nurse led, early intervention program in preventing unnecessary hospital admissions within a residential aged care facility. Further research in multi-site randomised studies is needed to confirm the generalisability of these results.
Body Weight Estimation of Yak Based on Cloud Edge Computing
Authors: Zhang Yu_an , Sun Zijie , Zhang Chen , Yin Shujun , Wang Wenzhi , Song Rende 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In stock farming, the body size parameters and weight of yaks can reasonably reﬂect the growth and development characteristics, production performance and genetic characteristics of yaks. However, it is diﬃcult for herders to measure the body size and weight of yaks by traditional manual methods. Fortunately, with the development of edge computing, herders can use mobile devices to estimate the yak’s body size and weight. The purpose of this paper is to provide a machine vision-based yak weight estimation method for the edge equipment and establish a yak estimation comprehensive display system based on the user’s use of the edge equipment in order to maximize the convenience of herdsmen’s work. In our method, a set of yak image foreground extraction and measurement point recognition algorithm suitable for edge equipment were developed to obtain yak’s measurement point recognition image, and the ratio between body sizes was transmitted to the cloud server. Then, the body size and weight of yaks were estimated using the data mining method, and the body size estimation data were constantly displayed in the yak estimation comprehensive display system. 25 yaks in different age groups were randomly selected from the herd to perform experiments. The experimental results show that the foreground extraction method can obtain segmentation image with good boundary, and the yak measurement point recognition algorithm has good accuracy and stability. The average error between the estimated values and the actual measured values of body height, oblique length, chest depth, cross height and body weight is 1.95%, 3.11%, 4.91%, 3.35% and 7.79%, respectively. Compared with the traditional manual measurement method, the use of mobile end to estimate the body size and weight of yaks can improve the measurement eﬃciency, facilitate the herdsmen to breed yaks, reduce the stimulation of manual measurement on yaks, and lay a solid foundation for the ﬁne breeding of yaks in Sanjiangyuan region.
High-viscosity bone cement for vertebral compression fractures: a prospective study on intravertebral diffusion and leakage of bone cement
Authors: wang meiyong , jin qunhua 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Bone cement leakage causes severe complication following percutaneous vertebroplasty. This study probed the diffusion and leakage status of bone cement injected within diverged time duration, so as to find the optimal injection time for bone cement. Methods: A total of 70 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with a symptom of low back pain, who underwent treatment at hospital were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomized into three groups: <180 s, 180-300, and >300 s of injection time duration from the beginning to the completion of the injection. The scenarios of vertebral bone cement leakage and diffusion were inspected using postoperative CT.Results: The diffusion coefficient was higher in group A than in group B whereas it was higher in group B than in group C, but without statistical significance among the three groups. The leakage rate was without statistical significance among the three groups. The injection time of bone cement was negatively correlated with the diffusion coefficient, at the correlation coefficient of -0.253. Conclusions: The diffusion coefficient of high-viscosity bone cement is negatively correlated with the injection time, and the leakage rate of high-viscosity bone cement does not reduce with the prolongation of injection time.
Incidence and risk factor for short term postoperative cough after thyroidectomy
Authors: Wu Junfu , Dai Liyuan , Lou Weihua 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Abstract
Background : The prevalence of and potential risk factors for postoperative cough after thyroidectomy remain unknown. The current study aimed to analyze postoperative cough in patients undergoing thyroidectomy using a prospective analysis.
Methods : Adult patients undergoing primary thyroidectomy were prospectively enrolled. Data regarding age, sex, BMI, pathology and surgical procedure were collected and analyzed. All patients were asked to complete the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) preoperatively and at 2 weeks and 4 weeks postoperatively.
Results : There were 1264 patients enrolled in total. Eleven patients with vocal cord paralysis were excluded. In patients with benign disease, postoperative cough occurred in 61 patients, with an prevalence rate of 17. 0% compared to an prevalence rate of 33.1% in patients with malignant disease; the difference was significant. For benign patients, the factors of smoking and operation time were independently related to the occurrence of postoperative cough. For malignant patients, the factors of smoking, operation time, operation extent, and the number of positive nodes at level 6 were independently related to the occurrence of postoperative cough. There was no significant difference regarding the LCQ score in patients with benign or malignant disease at the preoperative and the postoperative 4-week time periods. Patients with malignant disease had a significantly lower LCQ score than patients with benign disease at the postoperative 2-week time point (p=0.004).
Conclusions : Patients undergoing thyroid cancer surgery had a higher prevalence of postoperative cough and were also associated with a decreased cough-related quality of life. The factors of smoking and operation time were the most important predictors for postoperative cough after thyroidectomy.
Visit-to-Visit HbA1c&nbsp;Variability is Associated with In-Stent Restenosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Yang Chen Die , Shen Ying , Lu Lin , Yang Zhen Kun , Hu Jian , Zhang Rui Yan , Shen Wei Feng , Ding Feng Hua , Wang Xiao Qun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes are under substantially higher risk of in-stent restenosis (ISR) after coronary stent implantation. We sought to investigate whether visit-to-visit HbA1c variability is a potential predictor of ISR in diabetic patients after stent implantation.Methods: We consecutively enrolled type 2 diabetic patients who underwent successful elective percutaneous coronary intervention and performed follow-up coronary angiography after around 12 months. The incidence of ISR and its relationship with visit-to-visit HbA1c variability, expressed as coefficient of variation (CV), standard deviation (SD) and variability independent of the mean (VIM), were studied. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to analyze the predictive value of HbA1c variability for ISR.Results: From September 2014 to July 2018 in Ruijin Hospital, a total of 420 diabetic patients (688 lesions) after stent implantation were included in the final analysis. During a mean follow-up of 12.8±1.3 months, the incidence of ISR was 8.6%, which was significantly increased in patients with higher CV of HbA1c (P=0.001). The mean diameter stenosis (DS), net luminal loss and net luminal gain were 22.9±16.8%, 0.42±0.88 mm and 1.66±0.83 mm, respectively. Greater DS was observed in subjects with higher tertiles of CV of HbA1c (P<0.001), and this trend was more prominent in patients with optimal glycemic control (HbA1c≤7%) in the baseline. In multivariate analysis, HbA1c variability was independently associated with incidence of ISR after adjustment for traditional risk factors and mean HbA1c (HR: 3.00 [95% CI:1.14~7.92] for highest vs. lowest tertile). Inclusion of CV of HbA1c led to a better risk stratification accuracy. Assessing HbA1c variability by SD or VIM yielded similar findings. Conclusions: This study suggests that visit-to-visit HbA1c variability is an independent predictor of incidence of ISR in patients with type 2 diabetes after stent implantation.Trial registration: Trials number, NCT02089360; registered on March 17,2014.
Comparison of the efficacy of five standard topical hemostats: a study in porcine liver and spleen models of surgical bleeding
Authors: Paternò Valerio Antonio , Bisin Alessandro , Addis Alessandro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Several topical hemostats are available to help control surgical bleeding. Cutanplast is a highly absorbent and porous gelatin product that is available in Fast sponge and powder forms. This study investigated the hemostatic efficacy of Cutanplast Standard and Fast gelatin sponge and powder and Emosist oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) gauze in porcine liver and spleen surgical bleeding models.Methods: Cutanplast Standard and Fast gelatin sponge and Emosist ORC gauze were tested in liver abrasion/incision, liver puncture and spleen incision/puncture injuries, and Cutanplast Standard and Fast gelatin powder products were tested in liver abrasion/incision injuries. There were 13 liver injury (five abrasion, five incision and three puncture) and six spleen injury (three puncture and three incision sites) sites per animal.Results: Rapid hemostasis (≤ 2–5 min) was achieved in the liver abrasion and incision models with all Cutanplast gelatin sponge and powder products and Emosist ORC gauze, except in the liver incision model, time to hemostasis was > 5 min with Cutanplast Standard gelatin powder and Emosist ORC gauze. Rapid hemostasis occurred with Cutanplast Fast gelatin sponge and Emosist ORC gauze in the liver puncture and spleen puncture and incision models. In the spleen incision model, Cutanplast Standard gelatin sponge had a time to hemostasis approaching 10 min.Conclusion: Cutanplast gelatin sponge and powder products and Emosist ORC gauze may be suitable for surgical applications involving parenchymal organ bleeding, but certain products may perform better than others, including Cutanplast gelatin powder in diffuse mild bleeding (such as liver abrasion), and Cutanplast Fast gelatin sponge and Emosist ORC gauze for splenic bleeding.
Gender-specific typologies of older adults’ sedentary behaviors and their associations with health-related and socio-demographic factors: a latent profile analysis
Authors: Compernolle Sofie , De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse , Cardon Greet , Dyck Delfien Van 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background. Some types of sedentary behaviors tend to cluster in individuals or groups of older adults. Insight into how these different types of sedentary behavior cluster is needed, as recent research suggests that not all types of sedentary behavior may have the same negative effects on physical and mental health. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify gender-specific typologies of older adults’ sedentary behavior, and to examine their associations with health-related and socio-demographic factors. Methods. Cross-sectional data were collected as part of the BEPAS Seniors, and the Busschaert study among 696 Flemish older adults (60+). Typologies of self-reported sedentary behavior were identified using latent profile analysis, and associations with health-related and sociodemographic factors were examined using analyses of variances. Results. Five distinct typologies were identified from seven sedentary behaviors (television time, computer time, transport-related sitting time, sitting for reading, sitting for hobbies, sitting for socializing and sitting for meals) in men, and three typologies were identified from six sedentary behaviors (television time, transport-related sitting time, sitting for reading, sitting for hobbies, sitting for socializing and sitting for meals) in women. Typologies that are characterized by high television time seem to be related to more negative health outcomes, like a higher BMI, less grip strength, and a lower physical and mental health-related quality-of-life. Typologies that are represented by high computer time and motorized transport seem to be related to more positive health outcomes, such as a lower BMI, more grip strength and a higher physical and mental health-related quality-of-life.Conclusions. Although causal direction between identified typologies and health outcomes remains uncertain, our results suggests that future interventions should better focus on specific types of sedentary behavior (e.g. television time), or patterns of sedentary behavior, rather than on total sedentary behavior.
Nanocomposites-Based Targeted Oral Drug Delivery Systems with Infliximab in a Murine Colitis Model
Authors: Kim Jung Min , Kim Da Hye , Park Hyo Jeong , Ma Hyun Woo , Park I Seul , Son Mi jeong , Ro So Youn , Hong SeokMann , Han Hyo Kyung , Lim Soo Jeong , Kim Seung Won , Cheon Jae Hee 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Infliximab (IFX), a TNF-α blocking chimeric monoclonal antibody, induces clinical response and mucosal healing in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, systemic administration of this agent causes unwanted side effects. Oral delivery of antibody therapeutics might be an effective treatment strategy for IBD compared to intravenous administration.
Results
All three carriers had a high encapsulation efficiency, narrow size distribution, and minimal systemic exposure. There was a higher interaction between nanocomposite carriers and monocytes compared to lymphocytes in the PBMC of IBD patients. Orally administered nanocomposite carriers targeted to inflamed colitis minimized systemic exposure. All IFX delivery formulations with nanocomposite carriers had a significantly less colitis-induced body weight loss, colon shortening and histomorphological score, compared to the DSS-treated group. AC-IFX-L and EAC-IFX-L groups showed significantly higher improvement of the disease activity index, compared to the DSS-treated group. In addition, AC-IFX-L and EAC-IFX-L alleviated pro-inflammatory cytokine expressions ( Tnfa , Il1b , and Il17 ).
Conclusion
We present orally administered antibody delivery systems which improved efficacy in murine colitis while reducing systemic exposure. These oral delivery systems suggest a promising therapeutic approach for treating IBD.
Green synthesis of nano-liposomes containing Bunium persicum and Trachyspermum ammi essential oils against Trichomonas vaginalis
Authors: Mirzaei Farzaneh , Norouzi Roghayeh , Siyadatpanah Abolghasem , Haghirosadat Bibi Fatemeh , Rezaei Fatemeh , Nissapatorn Veeranoot , Mitsuwan Watcharapong , Nawaz Muhammad , Pereira Maria L. , Hosseini Seyed Abdollah , Montazeri Mahbobeh , Majdizadeh Mohammad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic flagellated protozoan, is one of the main non-viral sexually-transmitted diseases worldwide. Treatment options for trichomoniasis are limited to nitroimidazole compounds. However, resistance to these drugs has been reported, which requires the development of new anti-Trichomonas agents that confer suitable efficacy and less toxicity.Methods: In the present work, we assessed the effectiveness of the liposomal system containing essential oils of Bunium persicum and Trachyspermum ammi against T. vaginalis in vitro. Liposomal vesicles were prepared with phosphatidylcholine (70%) and cholesterol (30%) using the thin-film method. The essential oils of B. persicum and T. ammi were loaded into the liposomes using the inactive loading method. Liposomal vesicles were made for two plants separately. Their physicochemical features were tested using Zeta-Sizer, AFM and SEM. The anti-Trichomonas activity was determined after 12 and 24 hours of parasite cultures in TYI-S-33 medium. Results: After 12 and 24 hours of administration, the IC50 of the B. persicum essential oil nano-liposomes induced 14.41 µg/mL and 45.19 µg/mL, respectively. The IC50 of T. ammi essential oil nano-liposomes induced 8.08 µg/mL and 25.81 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusions: These data suggested that nano-liposomes of the essential oils of B. persicum and T. ammi may be a promising alternative to current treatments for Trichomonas infection.