bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mRNA-Binding Protein RBM3 Regulates Activity Patterns and Local Synaptic Translation in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons
Authors: Sertel Sinem M. , von Elling-Tammen Malena S. , Rizzoli Silvio O. 
Published: December 2020

The activity and the metabolism of the brain change rhythmically during the day/night cycle. Such rhythmicity is also observed in cultured neurons from the suprachiasmatic nucleus, which is a critical center in rhythm maintenance. However, this issue has not been extensively studied in cultures from areas less involved in timekeeping, as the hippocampus. Using neurons cultured from the hippocampi of newborn rats (both male and female), we observed significant time-dependent changes in global activity, in synaptic vesicle dynamics, in synapse size, and in synaptic mRNA amounts. A transcriptome analysis of the neurons, performed at different times over 24 h, revealed significant changes only for RNA-binding motif 3 (Rbm3). RBM3 amounts changed, especially in synapses. RBM3 knockdown altered synaptic vesicle dynamics and changed the neuronal activity patterns. This procedure also altered local translation in synapses, albeit it left the global cellular translation unaffected. We conclude that hippocampal cultured neurons can exhibit strong changes in their activity levels over 24 h, in an RBM3-dependent fashion.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis work is important in several ways. First, the discovery of relatively regular activity patterns in hippocampal cultures implies that future studies using this common model will need to take the time parameter into account, to avoid misinterpretation. Second, our work links these changes in activity strongly to RBM3, in a fashion that is independent of the canonical clock mechanisms, which is a very surprising observation. Third, we describe here probably the first molecule (RBM3) whose manipulation affects translation specifically in synapses, and not at the whole-cell level. This is a key finding for the rapidly growing field of local synaptic translation.
ICT for sustainable development: an example from Cambodia
Authors: Grunfeld Helena 
Published: December 2020

Can telecentres get a new lease of life, facilitating climate change adaptation and mitigation? Having been widely promoted as an innovative way of bringing information and communication technologies (ICTs) to developing countries since the 1990s, the efficacy of and need for such centres has been questioned more recently, with the attention of ICT for development (ICT4D) shifting towards market-led mobile services. But it is doubtful that sufficient account has been taken of the many, non-ICT roles played by such centres, whether in fostering education, empowerment, or greater environmental awareness. Through a conceptual framework informed by the capability approach, research discovered that iREACH, a Cambodian telecentre initiative had encouraged farming practices compatible with sustainable development. The paper suggests that telecentres might hold some promise in this area, and calls for greater focus on this potential function of such facilities, both in research, policy and implementation
The Socio-Economic Benefit of the Livestock Traceability System on Communal Beef Farmers in Swaziland
Authors: Prinsloo Tania , De Villiers Carina , McCrindle Cheryl M E 
Published: December 2020

In this article, Swaziland is placed in the forefront as a small African country that implemented a livestock traceability system to benefit both communal and commercial farmers. The communal farmers are also able to export beef to European countries, markers that were previously unavailable to them, due to the successful implementation of the Swaziland Livestock Information and Traceability System (SLITS). Livestock traceability is briefly explained to align it with the importance of safe food production for human consumption and a few aspects are highlighted. The traceability systems is further explained in terms of its benefit to the rural economy, its role in growing the GDP and the realization of its aims as was initially expected by the Swazi Government. The data collection methods used were a document review, a case study and five interviews. It is concluded that livestock traceability systems should be adopted wider by other developing countries as it has a direct effect on the improvement of the socio-economic conditions of the rural poor. Its development and implementation remains very expensive, but Swaziland can be used as an example of a country that is able to reap the rewards from a commodity that is ample in their country, but scarce globally, leading to wider food sustainability.
Technology Related Dangers: The Issue of Development and Security for Marginalized Groups in South Africa
Authors: West Amy Ruth 
Published: December 2020

This paper seeks to clarify why the relevance of certain information and communication technologies [ICTs] is wanting, why the importance of context is crucial to progress, and why mapping technologies from one place
to another is no guarantor of success. Disconnects between theories and
realities are illustrated, emphasizing the need to challenge and address factors that cannot be leapfrogged by technology: namely, education and training,
basic human and service infrastructure, and the importance of human interaction.
Factors Influencing Information Delivery Technology Choice in Deprived Regions in Ghana
Authors: Kwapong Olivia 
Published: December 2020

Using a contingent valuation (CV) method to quantitatively estimate the influence of selected socio-economic factors on households’ willingness to pay for alternative information delivery technologies, the study intended to provide basic information regarding rural households’ willingness to pay for information delivery technologies.
This study used rural household survey data collected from three administrative regions in Ghana to examine rural women’s willingness to pay for information delivered via three technologies – community radio, private radio, and extension agents.
The primary objective of the study was to identify the critical factors to consider in planning and policy design in using ICT to provide information to empower rural women. While there were nontrivial regional variations, the overall results from this study point to household expenditures (used as proxy for income), household education, and membership in community organizations as the principal factors influencing rural women’s willingness to pay for the various technologies used in information delivery to women in rural areas in Ghana.
The overriding conclusion that emerged from this study was the need to examine ICT use in empowering rural women within a ‘holistic’ context.
Information Needs of Rural Communities
Authors: Yusop Nor Iadah , Ibrahim Huda , Mohd Yusof Shafiz Affendi , Mat Aji Zahurin , Md. Dahalin Zulkhairi , Ghazali Osman , Saad Mohd Nizam , Abu Seman Mohamad Amir , Yasin Azman , Kasiran Mohd. Khairudin , Abd. Razak Rafidah 
Published: December 2020

Accessing required information via the Internet is becoming significant to improve the quality of life. The purpose of this study is to identify the information needs of rural communities. Fieldworks were carried out involving surveys, interviews and observations. The findings show that the types of information requested by these communities include information about business, career opportunity, education, health and ICT. Regardless of their economic sectors, the information needs can be categorized into two: (i) in association with economic activities; and (ii) in relation with daily life. This information can be included in a portal especially designed for the people from different economic sectors to cater their needs.
Phrasemes and problem oriented approach
Authors: Lipavic Oštir Alja 
Published: December 2020

Studies as Jazbec & Enčeva (2012), Jazbec &Kacjan (2013) and Miletić (2018) show that although the didactic of phrasemes (Fleischer 1982, Lüger 1997, Hessky& Ettinger 1997) is pleading for a relevant, systematic, continuous and frequent use of phrasemes in German as a foreign language class, they appear predominantly at high levels of foreign language learning, only sporadically and often from the perspective of language comparison. The analysis of schoolbooks shows the presence of phrasemes which are often not appropriately didacticized and regarding data banks and vocabulary not always up-to date. In some recent studies (e.g. Hallsteinsdóttir 2016, Miletić 2018) we can find suggestions and models for the integration of phrasemes in German as a foreign language class, some with incorporation of multimodality. In this article we would like to consider the possibilities for the sensitization and receptive / productive acquisition of phrasemes as offered by the integration of a problem oriented approach in German as a foreign language class. We assume that the problem oriented approach is motivating and benefits transdisciplinary learning. The subject of this paper will be discussed based on some samples of different problem types (metalinguistic, intercultural and so-called non-linguistic problems). The so-called non-linguistic problems seem to be most appropriate because their concept is interdisciplinary, they foster motivation and in this type of problems phrasemes are not explicitly discussed, but appear in non-linguistic contexts to accomplish different non-linguistic goals, without neglecting the accomplishment of linguistic goals. As with the other types of problems, the non-linguistic problems should be adapted to the age of students and their cognitive development. Provided this criterion is fulfilled, the phrasemes appropriate to students’ age and cognitive development can also be included.
A Child Development Fund Program, Emotional Development, and Poverty Reduction
Authors: Chan Ko Ling , Lo Camilla Kin-ming , Yu Lu , Ho Frederick K. , Yan Elsie , Ip Patrick 
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVES:
We aim to examine the effects of the Child Development Fund (CDF) program on the long-term psychological, health, social, and financial development of children in poverty.

METHODS:
The current study was a 4-year follow-up survey study (the follow-up study) of a nonrandomized controlled trial (the first study), conducted in 2019 and 2015, respectively, in Hong Kong. Subjects were 902 young adults who were from families living in poverty and receiving financial assistance from the government and who had completed the first study. Approximately 61% of the subjects (N = 546) completed the current follow-up study.

RESULTS:
Of the 546 subjects (46% male), 335 (61%; CDF participants) completed the CDF program between 2011 and 2015, and 211 (39%; CDF nonparticipants) were matched controls in the first study. The mean age was 20.64 years (SD = 2.72). After adjustments of covariates, the CDF participants reported fewer behavioral problems, higher levels of study motivation, higher levels of hope, and more positive attitudes toward their future education. The CDF participants also perceived greater social support from significant others and reported greater amounts of money saved every month. After further adjustments, CDF participants showed greater improvements in health-related quality of life related to emotional functioning. A considerable number of families of the CDF participants who were working for a living were no longer reliant on financial assistance from the government.

CONCLUSIONS:
The positive effects of the CDF program on children in poverty could be sustained throughout adolescence to young adulthood. Findings warrant the promotion of the program to reach more children.
Mandala Patterns in Nature-As Incentives for Artistic Expression and Possible Development of the Intuitive Nature of Awareness in a Preschool Child/ Mandalni obrasci u prirodi-kao poticaji za likovno izražavanje te mogući razvoj intuitivne naravi svijesti
Authors: Vidović Petra , Rupčić Stjepko 
Published: December 2020

Vitally creative forces in nature enable growth leaving in their material manifestations reflections - matrices. In nature, one of the most remarkable one is the central composition of the (natural) mandala. The article is referred to the known attributes of the mandala - for the purposes of treatment, potentially establishing balance between the four functions of consciousness: intuition, feeling, sensation and thinking, that brings human to wholeness and a harmonious and balanced relationship with the self. The results of research conducted with preschool children are presented, which, as incentives for artistic expression, use mandala compositions. The paper shows that a creative gene of the character of nature through the matrix of the mandala can be associated with the ability to successfully motivate child's attention and to encourage performing art work by observation, with the help of the psyche structure developed in humans since birth and which children intuitively experience. artistic expression; consciousness; intuition Životno kreativne sile u prirodi omogućuju rast ostavljajući u svojim materijalnim manifestacijama odraze - matrice. U prirodi jedna od najupečatljivijih je centralna kompozicija (prirodne) mandale. U članku se govori o poznatim atributima mandale - za svrhe liječenja, potencijalno se uspostavlja ravnoteža između četiri funkcije svijesti: intuicije, osjećaja, senzacije i mišljenja, koji dovode čovjeka do cjelovitosti te skladnog i uravnoteženog odnosa s jastvom. Prikazani su rezultati provedenog istraživanja s djecom vrtićke dobi koji kao poticaje za likovno izražavanje koriste mandalne kompozicije. U radu je prikazano kako stvaralački gen same naravi prirode kroz matricu mandale može biti povezan s mogućnošću uspješnog motiviranja dječje pažnje i poticanja na izvođenje radova po promatranju, zahvaljujući strukturi psihe koja se u čovjeku razvija od rođenja i koju djeca intuitivno doživljavaju. intuicija; likovno izražavanje; svijest
Considerações acerca das práticas sustentáveis e dos saberes dos camponeses guardiões de sementes no assentamento São Judas, Rio Brilhante – MS
Authors: Zenatti Francieli Aparecida , Camacho Rodrigo Simão 
Published: December 2020

A pesquisa foi realizada no assentamento São Judas, no município de Rio Brilhante, MS, com a família Z, que tem como prática tradicional a conservação de sementes e saberes. O conhecimento popular é importante para realizar essas práticas, os guardiões de sementes guardam muitos saberes para preparar o solo e proteger a plantação. Convém ressaltar que compreendemos por guardiões de sementes todas as práticas que a família utiliza para conservar as sementes. É uma estratégia de resistência diante dos transgênicos, agrotóxicos e a monocultura. Esses saberes tradicionais da família não servem ao mercado, eles são conservados para que a família tenha uma alimentação saudável, com sementes de qualidade. As sementes conservadas e observadas são de “milho maisena”, “milho pipoca” e “amendoim”. Para o desenvolvimento desse trabalho dialogamos com os guardiões de sementes crioulas do Assentamento São Judas, e usamos como referencias leituras sobre guardiões de sementes, saberes tradicionais e práticas sustentáveis em comunidades camponesas.
HERMETIZATION OF VALVE SEALS FOR CRYOGENIC FLUIDS
Authors: Kondrashov Yuri I. , Ermilova Elena N. , Vidyaskina Anna N. 
Published: December 2020

For units providing flow control for cryogenic fluids and operating under conditions of a significant change in the temperature range from positive to cryogenic and in a two-phase state of the working fluid, the problem of sealing the closure members of the units (valve pairs) becomes urgent.
Joint sealing is ensured by creating contact pressure in the joint through deforming the roughness peaks obtained by surface treatment of the valve pair.
The mechanical properties of the materials of the contacting valve pairs change significantly under the influence of cryogenic temperatures. First of all, the plastic properties are reduced, therefore, the creation of increased contact pressure is required.
The article presents a methodology for evaluation of changes in the microgeometry of contacting surfaces depending on the specific contact pressure. It also allows one to evaluate the conductivity of microgaps in the viscous and molecular regimes of fluid flow through contacting surfaces.
BENCH COMPLEX FOR SYNCHRONOUS MONITORING OF NOISE VIBRATION AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTROHYDRAULIC EQUIPMENT
Authors: Berestovitsky Erlen Grigorievich , Gladilin Yury Alexeevich , Frantov Andrey Anatolievich 
Published: December 2020

When creating specialized pumping test stands for hydraulic devices to check their vibration and noise characteristics, the main problem is the choice of pump type. This, in the first place, is connected with the different principle of operation of pumping units and the influence that the working organ exerts on the flow of liquid.
Currently, there is a wide range of pumps, differing in design, with different functional capabilities, supplying the working medium both at the nominal mode, and allowing to regulate supply and pressure parameters in a wide range. They are divided into two main groups: dynamic and voluminous. The choice of the pump for the needs of creating a stand determines its own vibra-tion characteristics of the entire system being created.
Proceeding from the made choice, it is necessary to determine the own charac-teristics of the created stand and, if necessary, to develop and apply a number of additional tools that allow improving the vibrational and noise characteristics of the stand being created.
The article presents the procedure for creating such a stand and describes the solutions that allow to combat the influence of the pump unit during the testing of hydraulics. The work was carried out using two types of pumps: axial-piston and centrifugal pumps. The following solutions were applied in the work: resonators, vibra-holding arrays, expansion tanks and flexible interchanges. The selection of the optimal combination and the correct calculation of the parameters of these means can significantly improve the intrinsic characteristics of the test stand being created and reduce own noise in the part of vibration and hydrodynamic noise.
Desafios da assistência á saúde de transexuais no sistema único de saúde a partir do olhar de uma equipe de assistentes sociais
Authors: Brasil Santos Marcia Cristina , Lima Gebrath Zélia , Teruszkin Prestes Elisa , Guedes Clemente Rodrigues Samantha , Silva de Almeida Guilherme 
Published: December 2020

Trata-se de reflexão sobre a assistência a saúde de pessoas transexuais no SUS, tendo como aspecto central o Processo Transexualizador - modelo assistencial que compõe a política de saúde brasileira incluindo procedimentos e condutas profissionais de diferentes graus de complexidade e diversidade técnica, como parte da assistência em saúde destinada a pessoas transexuais. Parte-se de autores vinculados ao paradigma da reforma sanitária, ao debate de gênero e ao campo marxista. O estudo se deu por meio de levantamento bibliográfico e documental, bem como por observação participante. Discute-se nesse artigo os limites do programa frente à contrarreforma do Estado no âmbito da saúde, que com o sistemático desfinanciamento e desresponsabilização por parte dos governos, deixam parcelas significativas desses sujeitos à margem de cuidados básicos e com suas demandas específicas de saúde negligenciadas ou atendidas de forma insuficiente na maior parte dos estados e municípios do país. Não obstante o marco normativo que fundamenta a importância do processo transexualizador no SUS é preciso considerar que as disputas em torno da oferta pública estatal das políticas de saúde configuram uma realidade que marca a história do Brasil. Um país em que a luta pelo direito universal a saúde é uma pauta persistente e nunca plenamente contemplada. Assim, a contrarreforma do Estado nos anos 90, trará impactos para o setor saúde que irão acentuar os desafios de um campo já muito disputado, resultando em determinações limitantes para o próprio setor, e mais especificamente para as ações relativas ao processo transexualizador.
Studi Environmental Health Risk Assessment (EHRA) Faktor yang Mendorong Perilaku Penggunaan Jamban Di Kabupaten Bondowoso Tahun 2018
Authors: Wulandari Wulandari , Soesetyo Fx.Ady , Novi M Ancah Caesarina 
Published: December 2020

In Indonesia the problem of sanitation is the problem of socio-cultural challenges. This also affected Bondowoso District which was in the first position of 38 Regencies or cities in East Java. So that the aim of the researcher is to describe and analyze the encouraging factors mainly focused on the role of health workers and the sanitation policy system. This study used a cross sectional design. The research location in Bondowoso Regency in November 2018. The population is 430 respondents spread across 7 sub districts. The result this study are the role of health workers with a significance value of 0,030 smaller than α. The sanitation policy system has significance value of 0,045 smaller than α. So, the conclution is the role of health workers and the sanitation policy system has to do with the behavior of using lavatory. Keyword: reinforcing factor, sanitation, role of health workers, the sanitation policy system.
A Reevaluation of the Risk of Infection Based on Time to Debridement in Open Fractures
Authors: Foote Clary J. , Tornetta Paul , Reito Aleksi , Al-Hourani Khalid , Schenker Mara , Bosse Michael , Coles Chad P. , Bozzo Anthony , Furey Andrew , Leighton Ross ,   the GOLIATH Investigators
Published: December 2020

Update
This article was updated on February 9, 2021, because of a previous error. On page 269, in the Note at the end of the article, the surname that had read “Merner” now reads “Mener.”
An erratum has been published: J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2021 Mar 17;103(6):e25.

Background:
Open fractures are one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. The threshold time to debridement that reduces the infection rate is unclear.

Methods:
We searched all available databases to identify observational studies and randomized trials related to open fracture care. We then conducted an extensive meta-analysis of the observational studies, using raw and adjusted estimates, to determine if there was an association between the timing of initial debridement and infection.

Results:
We identified 84 studies (18,239 patients) for the primary analysis. In unadjusted analyses comparing various “late” time thresholds for debridement versus “early” thresholds, there was an association between timing of debridement and surgical site infection (odds ratio [OR] = 1.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11 to 1.49, p < 0.001, I2 = 30%, 84 studies, n = 18,239). For debridement performed between 12 and 24 hours versus earlier than 12 hours, the OR was higher in tibial fractures (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.00 to 1.87, p = 0.05, I2 = 19%, 12 studies, n = 2,065), and even more so in Gustilo type-IIIB tibial fractures (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.13 to 1.89, p = 0.004, I2 = 23%, 12 studies, n = 1,255). An analysis of Gustilo type-III fractures showed a progressive increase in the risk of infection with time. Critical time thresholds included 12 hours (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.28 to 1.78, p < 0.001, I2 = 0%, 16 studies, n = 3,502) and 24 hours (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.73 to 2.72, p < 0.001, I2 = 0%, 29 studies, n = 5,214).

Conclusions:
High-grade open fractures demonstrated an increased risk of infection with progressive delay to debridement.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level IV. See Instruction for Authors for a complete description of the levels of evidence.