bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with health‐related quality of life in community‐dwelling elderly people in China
Authors: Wang Qiumei , Liu Xiaohong , Zhu Minglei , Pang Haiyu , Kang Lin , Zeng Ping , Ge Nan , Qu Xuan , Chen Wei , Hong Xia 
Published: February 2020

AimFew studies have comprehensively evaluated the factors associated with health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) in the elderly. The purpose of the study is to identify the factors associated with HRQOL using a comprehensive geriatric assessment of community‐dwelling elderly people in Beijing, China.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey of 896 community‐dwelling elderly people in Beijing was conducted through face‐to‐face interviews. Data regarding sociodemographic factors, chronic disease (assessed by the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics, CIRS‐G), common geriatric syndromes and HRQOL (assessed by the EuroQol 5‐Dimension questionnaire, EQ‐5D) were collected using a structured questionnaire. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors related to HRQOL.ResultsThe CIRS‐G comorbidity index was negatively related to the EQ‐5D index and EQ‐Visual Analog Scale (VAS) (P < 0.05). Geriatric syndromes such as chronic pain and non‐optimal nutrition were negatively related to HRQOL (P < 0.05), and the negative influence of geriatric syndromes on the EQ‐5D index was stronger than that of the cumulative comorbidities. Functional status in daily living activities was positively related to HRQOL (P < 0.05). Receiving care from children was positively related to EQ‐VAS (P < 0.05).ConclusionsBesides cumulative comorbidities and geriatric syndromes, in particular nutritional problems and chronic pain exert a substantial negative impact on the HRQOL of elderly people in China, whereas family support is an important protective factor. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 422–429.
The role of annexin A1 in the modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Galvão Izabela , de Carvalho Renan V. H. , Vago Juliana P. , Silva Alexandre L. N. , Carvalho Toniana G. , Antunes Maísa M. , Ribeiro Fabiola M. , Menezes Gustavo B. , Zamboni Dario S. , Sousa Lirlândia P. , Teixeira Mauro M. 
Published: February 2020

SummaryAnnexins are well‐known Ca2+ phospholipid‐binding proteins, which have a wide variety of cellular functions. The role of annexin A1 (AnxA1) in the innate immune system has focused mainly on the anti‐inflammatory and proresolving properties through its binding to the formyl‐peptide receptor 2 (FPR2)/ALX receptor. However, studies suggesting an intracellular role of AnxA1 are emerging. In this study, we aimed to understand the role of AnxA1 for interleukin (IL)‐1β release in response to activators of the nucleotide‐binding domain leucine‐rich repeat (NLR) and pyrin domain containing receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Using AnxA1 knockout mice, we observed that AnxA1 is required for IL‐1β release in vivo and in vitro. These effects were due to reduction of transcriptional levels of IL‐1β, NLRP3 and caspase‐1, a step called NLRP3 priming. Moreover, we demonstrate that AnxA1 co‐localize and directly bind to NLRP3, suggesting the role of AnxA1 in inflammasome activation is independent of its anti‐inflammatory role via FPR2. Therefore, AnxA1 regulates NLRP3 inflammasome priming and activation in a FPR2‐independent manner.
Attitudes toward hiring people with disabilities: A meta‐cognitive approach to persuasion
Authors: Requero Blanca , Santos David , Paredes Borja , Briñol Pablo , Petty Richard E. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAttitudes toward hiring people with disabilities are becoming critical for promoting diversity and egalitarianism within organizations. The few interventions designed to promote positive attitudes toward people with disabilities have relied on changing either the direction and/or the amount of thoughts people generate with regard to this discriminated, understudied group. In the present research, we examine the impact of a different psychological process of attitude change based on meta‐cognition, or thinking about thinking. We used a meta‐cognitive approach to changing prejudiced attitudes because thoughtful processes are often overlooked or denied with regard to this particular group. Specifically, we explored the impact of thought confidence on attitude change across two studies designed to change attitudes toward the incorporation of people with disabilities in companies. In each study, participants first generated either positive or negative thoughts about the proposal (thought valence manipulation). Then, the confidence in those thoughts was measured (Study 1) or manipulated (Study 2). In concert with the self‐validation hypothesis, results showed that when thought confidence was relatively high (vs. low), thought valence had a greater impact on attitudes. Thus, thought valence was more predictive of attitudes when participants were confident in their thoughts. Specifically, confidence in thoughts enhanced persuasion for positive thoughts but reduced persuasion for negative thoughts. These findings provide insights into assessing effects of interventions aiming at improving attitudes toward the inclusion of minority groups in organizations.
The role and outcomes of new supraventricular tachycardia among patients with mild heart failure
Authors: Younis Arwa , Goldenberg Ilan , McNitt Scott , Zareba Wojciech , Kutyifa Valentina , Aktas Mehmet K. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to assess the predictors of new supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) and the association of new SVT with subsequent clinical outcomes among mild heart failure (HF) patients.Methods and ResultsThe study population comprised patients enrolled in MADIT‐CRT, after exclusion of patients with atrial arrhythmias before enrollment (N = 325). Multivariate analysis was used to identify predictors of new‐onset SVT and the association of time‐dependent development of SVT with subsequent ventricular tachyarrhythmic events (VTEs), HF‐hospitalizations, and death. SVT burden was categorized into three groups based on the number of episodes per patient; (a) Low <10, (b) Intermediate ≥10 but <20, and (c) High ≥20. During mean follow up of 3.4 ± 1.1 years, 41(3%) subjects developed new SVT. African American race, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) >80 mmHg and prior non sustained ventricular arrhythmia were independent predictors for SVT. Multivariate analysis showed that the development of time‐dependent SVT was associated with a >4‐fold increased risk for VTEs (HR = 4.3; 95% CI: 1.6‐11.7; P = .004) and with a >6‐fold increased risk for all‐cause mortality (HR = 6.5; 95% CI: 2.3‐18.7; P < .001), but not with HF hospitalizations (HR = 2.2; 95% CI: 0.7‐7.2; P = .17). Intermediate, and high SVT‐burden were each independent risk factors for death when compared with Low burden (HR = 9.1; P = .03, and HR = 19.4; P < .001; respectively).ConclusionsIn patients with mild HF, the development of new‐onset SVT after device implantation is related to distinct baseline clinical and epidemiologic characteristics and is associated with a significant increase in subsequent adverse outcomes, including VTEs and death.
Cryothermal atrial linear ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation: An insight from the comparison with radiofrequency atrial linear ablation
Authors: Mukai Moe , Miyazaki Shinsuke , Hasegawa Kanae , Ishikawa Eri , Aoyama Daisetsu , Nodera Minoru , Kaseno Kenichi , Miyahara Kosuke , Matsui Akira , Shiomi Yuichiro , Tama Naoto , Ikeda Hiroyuki , Fukuoka Yoshitomo , Ishida Kentaro , Uzui Hiroyasu , Tada Hiroshi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundAtrial linear lesions are generally created with radiofrequency energy. We sought to evaluate the feasibility of cryothermal atrial linear ablation.Methods and ResultsTwenty‐one atrial fibrillation (AF) patients underwent linear ablation on the left atrial (LA) roof, mitral isthmus (MI), and cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) with 8‐mm‐tip cryocatheters following pulmonary vein isolation. The data were compared with those of 31 patients undergoing linear ablation with irrigated‐tip radiofrequency catheters. Conduction block was successfully created in 18 of 20 (90%), 9 of 21 (43%), and 20 of 20 (100%) on the LA roof, MI, and CTI by endocardial cryoablation alone with 19.0 (12.0‐24.0), 30.0 (23.0‐34.0), and 14.0 (14.0‐16.0) minute cryo applications, respectively. The presence of either an interposed circumflex artery or pouch at the MI was significantly associated with failed MI block (P = .04). Conduction block was created in 25 of 31 (83.9%), 27 of 31 (87.1%), and 30 of 31 (96.8%) on the roof, MI, and CTI, respectively, by radiofrequency ablation. During the 17.5 (13.0‐31.7) months of follow‐up, freedom from AF/atrial tachycardia (AT) was significantly higher in the cryo group (P = .05); especially, recurrent AT was more frequent in the RF group (8/31 vs 1/21; P = .03). Conduction block across the roof, MI, and CTI was durable in 6 of 12 (50.0%), 4 of 12 (33.3%), and 9 of 12 (75.0%) patients during second procedures. All nine patients (except one) with recurrent ATs had at least one roof or MI conduction resumption.ConclusionsCryoablation is effective for creating a roof and CTI linear block, however, creating MI block by endocardial ablation alone was often challenging. Conduction resumption of LA linear block is common and recurrent arrhythmias, especially iatrogenic ATs, are more frequently observed after radiofrequency linear ablation.
Treatment of atypical pacemaker‐mediated tachycardia with ablation of the retrograde atrioventricular nodal pathway
Authors: Shelton Richard , Cho Jae H. , Joshi Shreel , Betzold Robert , Shehata Michael , Ehdaie Ashkan , Swerdlow Charles 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA 25‐year‐old runner received a single‐lead, VDD pacemaker after ablation of AV nodal reentrant tachycardia complicated by intermittent AV block. The rate‐adaptive AV delay algorithm (RAAV), which shortens the sensed AV interval (SAV) at faster atrial rates, was programmed to provide a physiologic SAV with exercise. She developed repetitive, atypical, long‐RP pacemaker‐mediated tachycardia (PMT) because the RAAV shortened the antegrade SAV and retrograde conduction occurred over the slow AV nodal pathway. PMT was refractory to usual programming solutions. Using high‐density electroanatomic mapping, we were able to ablate the retrograde limb of PMT without further damaging AV conduction.
Gnpat does not play an essential role in systemic iron homeostasis in murine model
Authors: An Peng , Wang Jiaming , Wang Hao , Jiang Li , Wang Jia , Min Junxia , Wang Fudi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe GNPAT variant rs11558492 (p.D519G) was identified as a novel genetic factor that modifies the iron‐overload phenotype in homozygous carriers of the HFE p.C282Y variant. However, the reported effects of the GNPAT p.D519G variant vary among study populations. Here, we investigated the role of GNPAT in iron metabolism using Gnpat‐knockout (Gnpat−/−), Gnpat/Hfe double‐knockout (Gnpat−/−Hfe−/− or DKO) mice and hepatocyte‐specific Gnpat‐knockout mice (Gnpatfl/fl;Alb‐Cre). Our analysis revealed no significant difference between wild‐type (Gnpat+/+) and Gnpat−/− mice, between Hfe−/− and DKO mice, or between Gnpatfl/fl and Gnpatfl/fl;Alb‐Cre with respect to serum iron and tissue iron. In addition, the expression of hepcidin was not affected by deleting Gnpat expression in the presence or absence of Hfe. Feeding Gnpat−/− and DKO mice a high‐iron diet had no effect on tissue iron levels compared with wild‐type and Hfe−/− mice, respectively. Gnpat knockdown in primary hepatocytes from wild‐type or Hfe−/− mice did not alter hepcidin expression, but it repressed BMP6‐induced hepcidin expression. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that deleting Gnpat expression has no effect on either systemic iron metabolism or the iron‐overload phenotype that develops in Hfe−/− mice, suggesting that GNPAT does not directly mediate iron homeostasis under normal or high‐iron dietary conditions.
Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation attenuates growth of chemotherapy treated oral squamous cell carcinoma in an animal model
Authors: Zurmukhtashvili Marika , Machavariani Avtandil , Dugashvili Giorgi , Grdzelidze Teimuraz , Gogilashvili Ketevan , Menabde Giorgi , Abiatari Ivane , Marks Luc 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have demonstrated mesenchymal stem cell migration toward tumor locations. When applied locally, MSCs interact with the locally residing host cells. The mechanisms behind this are still unclear. We aimed to detect the possible action mechanisms of MSCs on the in vivo growth of primary human oral squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsIn mouse model of OSSC, chemotherapy with Cisplatin was done beginning from 9 day of tumor visualization. 3 weeks after tumor cell injection cultivated MSCs were administrated in tail vein or directly intra‐tumorally. Animals underwent surveillance and afterward were sacrificed. Tumor growth was measured. MSCs biodistribution was assessed with bioluminescent analysis. Tumor tissues were tested morphologically and immunohistochemically for angiogenesis, hypoxia status, and cell apoptosis.ResultsIn the group treated with Cisplatin in combination with mesenchymal stem cell injection, the average size of the tumor was 98.9 ± 7.65 mm3. In the experimental group, tumor tissues were less outlined and the presence of necrotic areas and connective tissue basal layers was detected. Immunohistochemical surveys with CD31 and anti‐carbonic anhydrase 9 demonstrated strongly developed micro‐vessel structures and small isles of hypoxia in the tumor tissues. TUNEL assay revealed in the same group that tumor tissues were mostly comprised of apoptotic cells. Viable cell communities presented as small isles.ConclusionThe study demonstrates that intra‐tumorally injected MSCs, combined with Cisplatin, leads to a minimal hypoxia status and increased apoptotic activity in tumor tissues, compared with the control group. This finding can be explained with better distribution of Cisplatin due to increased angiogenesis.
The challenges of long‐term invasive mammal management: lessons from the UK
Authors: Mill Aileen C. , Crowley Sarah L. , Lambin Xavier , McKinney Conor , Maggs Gwen , Robertson Pete , Robinson Nikki J. , Ward Alastair I. , Marzano Mariella 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe consider the motivations, strategies, and costs involved in invasive mammal management undertaken in the UK. Widespread established invasive mammals require long‐term management to limit damage or spread, but ongoing management is costly and complex. Long‐term management is most effective where it is applied at a landscape scale, but this requires overarching co‐ordination between multiple stakeholders. Five challenges for successful long‐term management of invasive mammal species are identified as follows: defining landscape‐scale strategies, management co‐ordination, stakeholder and community engagement, sustainable funding, and evidence requirements. We make recommendations on the supportive infrastructure needed for effective landscape‐scale management of invasive mammals to fulfil long‐term conservation aims, as follows. 1. There is a need for evidence‐based Invasive Species Action Plans to provide strategy for the long‐term ongoing management of prioritised species at appropriate scales. 2. Where possible, multispecies approaches to invasive species management should be adopted. 3. Trusted leadership should be identified to take ownership of Action Plans and provide an overarching co‐ordination to bring individuals, organisations, and funders together. 4. Support for a centralised hub for training, data, and knowledge flows will greatly improve scientific outcomes through a searchable evidence base, and via best practice and knowledge sharing.
To see, hear, and live: 25 years of the vitamin A programme in Nepal
Authors: Thorne‐Lyman Andrew L. , Parajuli Kedar , Paudyal Naveen , Chitekwe Stanley , Shrestha Ram , Manandhar Dibya Laxmi , West Keith P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNepal has a rich history of vitamin A research and a national, biannual preschool vitamin A supplementation (VAS) programme that has sustained high coverage for 25 years despite many challenges, including conflict. Key elements of programme success have included (a) evidence of a 26–30% reduction in child mortality from two, in‐country randomized trials; (b) strong political and donor support; (c) positioning local female community health volunteers as key operatives; (d) nationwide community mobilization and demand creation for the programme; and (e) gradual expansion of the programme over a period of several years, conducting and integrating delivery research, and monitoring to allow new approaches to be tested and adapted to available resources. The VAS network has served as a platform for delivering other services, including anthelmintic treatment and screening for acute malnutrition. We estimate that VAS has saved over 45,000 young lives over the past 15 years of attained national coverage. Consumption of vitamin A‐ and carotenoid‐rich foods by children and women nationally remains low, indicating that supplementation is still needed. Current challenges and opportunities to improving vitamin A status include lower VAS coverage among younger children (infants 6–11 months of age), finding ways to increase availability and access to dietary vitamin A sources, and ensuring local programme investments given the recent decentralization of the government.
Potential tick vectors forTheileria equiin Israel
Authors: Tirosh‐Levy S. , Steinman A. , Einhorn A. , Apanaskevich D. A. , Mumcuoglu K. Y. , Gottlieb Y. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTheileria equiMehlhorn and Schein, 1998 (Piroplasmida: Babesiidae) is an important tick‐borne pathogen of horses that is highly endemic in many parts of the world, including Israel. The present study evaluated the potential roles of five hard tick species [Hyalomma excavatumKoch, 1844;Hyalomma marginatumKoch, 1844;Rhipicephalus turanicusPomerantsev 1936;Rhipicephalus annulatusSay, 1821;Haemaphysalis parva(Neumann, 1897) (all: Ixodida: Ixodidae)], previously found to infest horses in Israel, in acting as vectors for piroplasmosis. For this, DNA was extracted from whole ticks and, when possible, from the salivary glands in each species (n = 10–59). Polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene were used to detectT. equiin 48 of the 127 ticks (37.8%) and in 21 of the 90 extracted salivary glands (23.3%) in all five species. All but two sequences were classified asT. equigenotype A; the remaining two were classified as genotype D. The findings of this study point toHa. parvaandR. annulatusas potential novel vectors ofT. equi, and suggest that parasite genotype selection occurs within the tick vector.
Peters anomaly: A 5‐year experience
Authors: Salik Irim , Gupta Abhishek , Tara Arjun , Zaidman Gerald , Barst Samuel 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundPeters anomaly is a rare, congenital eye malformation characterized by an opaque cornea and blurred vision. Central corneal opacification can lead to delayed progression of visual development caused by defects in Descemet membrane and the posterior stroma. These children require several anesthetics for multiple eye examinations under anesthesia and corneal transplantation.AimsWe sought to review the anesthetic management of patients with Peters anomaly for ophthalmologic procedures at Westchester Medical Center, a major referral center for Peters anomaly.MethodsA retrospective chart review was completed which included pediatric patients who underwent ophthalmologic procedures related to Peters anomaly from 2013‐2018.ResultsThe charts of 35 patients with Peters anomaly were reviewed: 14 patients with Peters anomaly Type I, 10 patients with Peters anomaly Type II, and 11 patients with Peters plus syndrome. Thirty patients required three procedures on average, two examinations under anesthesia pre‐ and post‐transplant, and anesthesia for the corneal transplant itself. The youngest patient encountered for examination under anesthesia was 39‐week postconceptual age. Anesthetic time for examination under anesthesia averaged 31 minutes using a laryngeal mask airway while corneal transplant averaged 104 minutes utilizing endotracheal intubation. Postanesthesia care unit stay averaged 51 minutes following examination under anesthesia and 65 minutes after corneal transplant. All examinations under anesthesia were successfully completed without adverse events with the use of a laryngeal mask airway. This case series includes two patients with Goldenhar syndrome and Al‐Gazali syndrome accompanying Peters anomaly.ConclusionAlthough limited by its retrospective nature, this case series describes the cardiac and systemic implications of patients undergoing anesthesia with Peters anomaly. Our experience indicates that general anesthesia and airway manipulation are tolerated with minor postoperative concerns in these infants. Pediatric patients with Peters anomaly require multiple anesthetics for repeated ophthalmologic interventions. The laryngeal mask airway can be routinely utilized in infants less than 3 months of age for an eye examination under anesthesia with no airway complications noted. Perioperative providers should be aware of the multisystemic implications in patients with Peters plus syndrome.
Solutions to the problems of incremental validity testing in relationship science
Authors: Wang Y. Andre , Eastwick Paul W. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIncremental validity testing (i.e., testing whether a focal predictor is associated with an outcome above and beyond a covariate) is common (e.g., 57% of Personal Relationships articles in 2017), yet it is fraught with conceptual and statistical problems. First, researchers often use it to overemphasize the novelty or counterintuitiveness of findings, which hinders cumulative understanding. Second, incremental validity testing requires that the focal predictor and the covariate represent separate constructs; researchers risk committing the “jangle fallacy” without such evidence. Third, the most common approach to incremental validity testing (i.e., standard multiple regression, 88% of articles) inflates Type I error and can produce invalid conclusions. This article also discusses the relevance of these issues to dyadic/longitudinal designs and offers concrete solutions.
Generation of Singlet Molecular Oxygen by Lipid Hydroperoxides and Nitronium Ion†
Authors: Prado Fernanda M. , Scalfo Alexsandra C. , Miyamoto Sayuri , Medeiros Marisa H.G. , Di Mascio Paolo 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSinglet molecular oxygen is a reactive species involved in biological oxidative processes. The major cellular targets of singlet molecular oxygen are unsaturated fatty acids in the membrane, as well as nucleic acids and proteins. The aim of this study was to investigate whether lipids and commercial hydroperoxides generate singlet molecular oxygen, in presence of nitronium and activated nitronium ion. For this purpose, monomol light emitted in the near‐infrared region (λ = 1270 nm) was used to monitor singlet molecular oxygen decay in different solvents, with different hydroperoxides and in the presence of azide. Direct measurements of the singlet molecular oxygen spectrum at 1270 nm recorded during the reaction between lipids and commercial hydroperoxides and nitronium ions unequivocally demonstrated the formation of this excited species.