bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between thymidine kinase 1 before radiotherapy and prognosis in breast cancer patients with diabetes
Authors: Wang Zhiwu , Zhang Wei , Huo Bingjie , Dong Liang , Zhang Jing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In a retrospective study design, we explored the relationship between serum thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) concentration before radiotherapy and clinical parameters and evaluated the prognostic value of serum TK1 concentration before radiotherapy in breast cancer patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study finally consisted of 428 breast cancer patients with a mean age of 53.0 years. Compared with low TK1 group, the high TK1 group tended to have larger tumor size (P=0.011) and had more lymph node number (P=0.021). Significant differences were also observed in clinical stages I, II and III (P=0.000). There was no significant difference between TK1 and other clinical parameters. For disease-free survival (DFS), the univariate analysis indicated that the high TK1 increased the risk of poor prognosis (HR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.64–4.23, P=0.000). The Kaplan–Meier curve indicated the high TK1 group was poorer than that in the low TK1 group (P=0.002). For the overall survival (OS), similar results were found that the high TK1 was related to poor OS (HR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.34–3.67, P=0.000). The multivariate Cox regression indicated that the TK1 was still associated with DFS (HR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.22–3.17, P=0.001) and OS (HR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.19–2.08, P=0.006). The high pretreatment serum TK1 levels in breast cancer patients were associated with poor OS and DFS. TK1 could be a potential predictive factor in differential diagnosis of poor prognosis from all patients.
Superior adjuvanticity of the genetically fused D1 domain of Neisseria meningitides Ag473 lipoprotein among three Toll-like receptor ligands
Authors: Lu Huipeng , Zhang Xiaokai , Wang Yuyang , Zong Yang , Wang Yajie , Zhang Xinyu , Xia Xiaoli , Sun Huaichang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands have emerged as the attractive adjuvant for subunit vaccines. However, selection of TLR ligands needs to be rationally chosen on the basis of antigen and adjuvant properties. In the present study, we expressed the Ag473 lipoprotein from Neisseria meningitides, flagellin FlaB from Vibrio vulnificus and heat shock protein 70 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (mHsp70) in Escherichia coli as single proteins and fusion proteins with VP2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). Both cellular and humoral adjuvanticities of the three TLR ligands were compared by immunization of mice in two different ways. Among the three co-administered TLR ligands, recombinant Ag473 lipoprotein exhibited the highest cellular and humoral adjuvanticities, including promotion of IL-4, IL-12, IFN-γ and IBDV VP2-specific antibody production. Among the three genetically fused TLR ligands, fusion with Ag473 D1 domain exhibited the highest cellular and humoral adjuvanticities. Overall, the adjuvanticities of genetically fused TRL ligands were significantly higher than that of co-administered TLR ligands. Fusion with Ag473 D1 domain exhibited superior adjuvanticity among the three TLR ligands delivered in two different ways.
Local endothelial DNA repair deficiency causes aging-resembling endothelial-specific dysfunction
Authors: Bautista-Niño Paula K. , Portilla-Fernandez Eliana , Rubio-Beltrán Eloisa , van der Linden Janette J. , de Vries René , van Veghel Richard , de Boer Martine , Durik Matej , Ridwan Yanto , Brandt Renata , Essers Jeroen , Menzies Robert I. , Thomas Rachel , de Bruin Alain , Duncker Dirk J. , van Beusekom Heleen M.M. , Ghanbari Mohsen , Hoeijmakers Jan H.J. , Sedlacek Radislav , Touyz Rhian M. , Montezano Augusto C. , van der Pluijm Ingrid , Danser A.H. Jan , Haanes Kristian A. , Roks Anton J.M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We previously identified genomic instability as a causative factor for vascular aging. In the present study, we determined which vascular aging outcomes are due to local endothelial DNA damage, which was accomplished by genetic removal of ERCC1 (excision repair cross-complementation group 1) DNA repair in mice (EC-knockout (EC-KO) mice). EC-KO showed a progressive decrease in microvascular dilation of the skin, increased microvascular leakage in the kidney, decreased lung perfusion, and increased aortic stiffness compared with wild-type (WT). EC-KO showed expression of DNA damage and potential senescence marker p21 exclusively in the endothelium, as demonstrated in aorta. Also the kidney showed p21-positive cells. Vasodilator responses measured in organ baths were decreased in aorta, iliac and coronary artery EC-KO compared with WT, of which coronary artery was the earliest to be affected. Nitric oxide-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilation was abolished in aorta and coronary artery, whereas endothelium-derived hyperpolarization and responses to exogenous nitric oxide (NO) were intact. EC-KO showed increased superoxide production compared with WT, as measured in lung tissue, rich in endothelial cells (ECs). Arterial systolic blood pressure (BP) was increased at 3 months, but normal at 5 months, at which age cardiac output (CO) was decreased. Since no further signs of cardiac dysfunction were detected, this decrease might be an adaptation to prevent an increase in BP. In summary, a selective DNA repair defect in the endothelium produces features of age-related endothelial dysfunction, largely attributed to loss of endothelium-derived NO. Increased superoxide generation might contribute to the observed changes affecting end organ perfusion, as demonstrated in kidney and lung.
Euclid: Nonparametric point spread function field recovery through interpolation on a graph Laplacian
Authors: Schmitz M. A. , Starck J.-L. , Ngole Mboula F. , Auricchio N. , Brinchmann J. , Vito Capobianco R. I. , Clédassou R. , Conversi L. , Corcione L. , Fourmanoit N. , Frailis M. , Garilli B. , Hormuth F. , Hu D. , Israel H. , Kermiche S. , Kitching T. D. , Kubik B. , Kunz M. , Ligori S. , Lilje P. B. , Lloro I. , Mansutti O. , Marggraf O. , Massey R. J. , Pasian F. , Pettorino V. , Raison F. , Rhodes J. D. , Roncarelli M. , Saglia R. P. , Schneider P. , Serrano S. , Taylor A. N. , Toledo-Moreo R. , Valenziano L. , Vuerli C. , Zoubian J. 
Published: March 2020

Context.Future weak lensing surveys, such as theEuclidmission, will attempt to measure the shapes of billions of galaxies in order to derive cosmological information. These surveys will attain very low levels of statistical error, and systematic errors must be extremely well controlled. In particular, the point spread function (PSF) must be estimated using stars in the field, and recovered with high accuracy.Aims.The aims of this paper are twofold. Firstly, we took steps toward a nonparametric method to address the issue of recovering the PSF field, namely that of finding the correct PSF at the position of any galaxy in the field, applicable toEuclid. Our approach relies solely on the data, as opposed to parametric methods that make use of our knowledge of the instrument. Secondly, we studied the impact of imperfect PSF models on the shape measurement of galaxies themselves, and whether common assumptions about this impact hold true in anEuclidscenario.Methods.We extended the recently proposed resolved components analysis approach, which performs super-resolution on a field of under-sampled observations of a spatially varying, image-valued function. We added a spatial interpolation component to the method, making it a true 2-dimensional PSF model. We compared our approach toPSFEx, then quantified the impact of PSF recovery errors on galaxy shape measurements through image simulations.Results.Our approach yields an improvement overPSFExin terms of the PSF model and on observed galaxy shape errors, though it is at present far from reaching the requiredEuclidaccuracy. We also find that the usual formalism used for the propagation of PSF model errors to weak lensing quantities no longer holds in the case of anEuclid-like PSF. In particular, different shape measurement approaches can react differently to the same PSF modeling errors.
Efficacy of vonoprazan for the prevention of bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection with continuous use of antiplatelet agents
Authors: Yoshii Shunsuke , Yamada Takuya , Yamaguchi Shinjiro , Hayashi Yoshito , Nakahara Masanori , Shibukawa Narihiro , Yamamoto Masashi , Ishihara Ryu , Kinoshita Kazuo , Egawa Satoshi , Tsujii Yoshiki , Iijima Hideki , Takehara Tetsuo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Post-procedural bleeding, after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for high risk thromboembolic cases that require continuous antiplatelet therapy, is challenging. Its incidence rate is > 20 % among those using conventional antacids. We evaluated the efficacy of perioperative management with vonoprazan to prevent post-ESD bleeding.
Materials and methods This was a multicenter prospective interventional trial conducted at 10 Japanese referral centers. Patients who regularly used antiplatelet agents (aspirin or thienopyridine derivatives, etc.) and who required continuous antithrombotic medication due to high thromboembolic risk were enrolled. They underwent gastric ESD with continuous aspirin therapy. Oral administration of vonoprazan (20 mg daily) was started from the day of ESD and continued for 28 days. The primary end point was the incidence of post-ESD bleeding. The sample size was 50 patients, and vonoprazan was considered to be effective when the upper threshold of the 95 % confidence interval (CI) for post-ESD bleeding did not exceed 20 %.
Results Although 50 patients were enrolled, one patient withdrew consent. Therefore, 49 patients were included in the analysis. One patient who used aspirin and clopidogrel experienced bleeding 11 days after ESD. The overall post-ESD bleeding rate was 2.0 % (1/49; 95 %CI 0.4–10.7 %). Thromboembolic events were not observed. One case of ESD-associated adverse events (perforation) and one case of drug-associated adverse events (drug eruption, possibly due to vonoprazan) were observed.
Conclusions Vonoprazan may be efficacious for preventing post-ESD bleeding in patients using continuous antiplatelet therapy, warranting further comparative study to definitively test the effectiveness of the drug.
Usefulness of a dedicated mouthpiece for the Valsalva maneuver to visualize the hypopharynx during transoral endoscopy
Authors: Kato Minoru , Hayashi Yoshito , Uema Ryotaro , Saiki Hirotsugu , Kimura Keiichi , Inoue Takanori , Sakatani Akihiko , Yoshii Shunsuke , Tsujii Yoshiki , Shinzaki Shinichiro , Hida Eisuke , Iijima Hideki , Takehara Tetsuo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are at high risk of developing second primary SCCs in the hypopharynx. However, such second primary tumors are difficult to observe because of lumen closure. The Valsalva maneuver using a dedicated mouthpiece is a promising technique to visualize the hypopharynx during transoral endoscopy. In the current study, we investigated the utility of this method.
Patients and methods The current study was a randomized, controlled, crossover trial. Patients with esophageal SCC were randomly assigned first to undergo pharyngeal observation using the dedicated mouthpiece followed by observation using a conventional mouthpiece, or vice versa. The primary endpoint was complete visualization of the hypopharynx, which was assessed blindly by three external evaluators.
Results A total of 68 pharyngeal examinations were analyzed – 34 with the dedicated mouthpiece and 34 with a conventional mouthpiece. Complete visualization was achieved in 68 % of the examinations (23/34) using the dedicated mouthpiece, whereas none of the examinations using the conventional mouthpiece achieved complete visualization of the hypopharynx. Observation scores of the oropharynx were not significantly different between both types of examination (P = 0.50). No serious adverse events (AEs) occurred.
Conclusions Endoscopic view of the hypopharynx was markedly improved by the Valsalva maneuver using the dedicated mouthpiece, with no serious AEs. This procedure should be included in the endoscopic examinations for the patients with esophageal SCCs.
Anxiety may be a risk factor for experiencing gastrointestinal symptoms during endurance races: An observational study
Authors: Wilson Patrick B. , Russell Hayley , Pugh Jamie 
Published: March 2020

AbstractScarce research has examined the links between stress, anxiety, and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms during competition, despite that they are positively correlated in the general population. A total of 186 endurance athletes completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)‐14, Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI)‐3, and State‐Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA) before races. Afterwards, they reported the severity of in‐race GI symptoms. Associations between high levels of stress and anxiety (defined as the top tertile) and GI distress (≥3 on a 0–10 scale) were examined using logistic regression. Athletes with high PSS‐14 scores did not have greater odds of GI symptoms, except nausea (odds ratio [OR] = 2.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02–4.78). High scores on the STICSA‐trait were associated with nausea (OR = 3.43, 95% CI 1.57–7.50) and regurgitation/reflux (OR = 3.31, 95% CI 1.26–8.73). Among a sub‐sample of 125 participants that completed STICSA‐state questionnaires, higher anxiety was associated with nausea (OR = 5.57, 95% CI 1.96–15.83), regurgitation/reflux (OR = 3.75, 95% CI 1.17–12.00), fullness (OR = 2.98, 95% CI 1.05–8.49), and cramping (OR = 3.99, 95% CI 1.36–11.68). The ORs remained relatively stable after adjusting for age, gender, experience, body mass index, type of race, and race duration. ASI‐3 scores were not associated with symptoms. Individuals with higher levels of anxiety, especially on the morning of a race, may be prone GI distress, particularly nausea, regurgitation/reflux, and cramping.
Exertional rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury in endurance sports: A systematic review
Authors: Rojas‐Valverde Daniel , Sánchez‐Ureña Braulio , Crowe Jennifer , Timón Rafael , Olcina Guillermo J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe increase of wide‐spread participation in endurance events in sports such as open water swimming, cycling, running and triathlons, has given rise to a concern about potential implications for renal function and kidney health. This study aimed to delve into the findings on exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER) and acute kidney injury (AKI) in endurance sports, emphasizing the diagnostic criteria used, physical and environmental contextual conditions in which ER and AKI are reported. Following PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and meta‐analysis, topic related studies were searched digital sources (from 2009 to 2020). Studies with biomarkers of ER and AKI reported in endurance or ultra‐endurance events were included. A total of 43 publications (sample = 813) were extracted, and 345 (43.5%) individuals were diagnosed with ER (creatinine kinase > 5000 UI/L) and 130 (16.39%) with ER + AKI (creatinine ≥ 1.88 mg/dL). Out of the total cases of ER + AKI, 96.92% were in ultra‐endurance runners. There were inconsistences between studies in diagnosis criteria for ER and AKI, which represented a difficulty in the interpretation of the data. Increased levels of muscle and kidney injury immediately after endurance events were reported, but after 5.86 days these levels usually returned to baseline. There is a lack of knowledge around the potential of repeated ER and AKI predisposing to long‐term chronic kidney disease. More accurate markers for subclinical and functional AKI diagnosis are needed in the analysis of kidney health after endurance events. ER and AKI are serious clinical problems with significant morbidity. Further research may be in order to help define future prevention strategies.
Entanglement area law for shallow and deep quantum neural network states
Authors: Jia Zhih-Ahn , Wei Lu , Wu Yu-Chun , Guo Guang-Can , Guo Guo-Ping 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A study of the artificial neural network representation of quantum many-body states is presented. The locality and entanglement properties of states for shallow and deep quantum neural networks are investigated in detail. By introducing the notion of local quasi-product states, for which the locally connected shallow feed-forward neural network states and restricted Boltzmann machine states are special cases, we show that Rényi entanglement entropies of all these states obey the entanglement area law. Besides, we also investigate the entanglement features of deep Boltzmann machine states and show that locality constraints imposed on the neural networks make the states obey the entanglement area law. Finally, as an application, we apply the notion of Rényi entanglement entropy to understand the power of neural networks, and show that image classification problems can be efficiently solved must obey the area law.
Preparation and properties of functional particle Fe3O4-rGO and its modified fiber/epoxy composite for high-performance microwave absorption structure
Authors: Xue Jiewen , Wu Congya , Du Xiaomei , Ma Weihai , Wen Kai , Huang Shaoliang , Liu Yanan , Liu Yaqing , Zhao Guizhe 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Microwave absorbing materials have been becoming a countermeasure and security media for radio environment, and also been becoming the main military force attached by the world. In this study, experimental data, theoretical researches and FEKO—a 3D structure and electromagnetic field analysis simulation tool, namely, FEldberechnung bei Korpern mit beliebiger Oberflache, are effectively combined. Through systematic studies on electromagnetic parameters and microwave absorbing properties of high-performance absorbing functional particle Fe3O4-rGO (i.e. reduced graphene oxide), single-layer composite Fe3O4-rGO@EP/GF (epoxy/glass fiber) and multi-layer structure composite Fe3O4-rGO@EP/fiber, combined with the simulation calculations of material structures, design on the microwave absorption performances of fiber/resin structural composites is achieved. In particular, under the guidance of FEKO simulations, a multi-layer structure composite with two layers of Fe3O4-rGO@EP/GF with different Fe3O4-rGO added amounts as the absorbing layer and carbon fiber (CF) reinforced EP as the reflecting layer is prepared, which has an effective absorption bandwidth of 8.43–12.40 GHz, almost covering the whole X-band, and RLmin (minimum reflection loss) up to −34.60 dB at 10.37 GHz. The relevant experimental results are basically consistent with the FEKO simulation results. This study is helpful to improve the developing efficiencies and properties of microwave absorbing structure composites with both excellent mechanical properties and outstanding microwave absorbing performances, especially conducive to industrial productions.
Luminescence properties of pulsed laser deposited CuInxGa1−xSe2 films
Authors: Zacharia Anna , Nicolaou Christiana , Giapintzakis John , Itskos Grigorios 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of CuIn1−xGaxSe2 (CIGS) provides a low cost, single-step process via which stoichiometric, high quality thin films for light harvesting applications can be produced. Little is known about the optical properties of PLD-deposited CIGS and how they compare with the respected properties of the well-studied evaporated or sputtered CIGS films. We report herein a systematic spectroscopic investigation, probing the influence of PLD deposition temperature on the energetics and dynamics of emission from CuIn0.7Ga0.3Se2 films. Variable-temperature steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence in combination with Gaussian lineshape analysis allow us to unravel the contribution and nature of three main radiative channels, with the high energy one associated with electronic and two lower energy ones with defect levels. The analysis show that the band-edge luminescence grows at the expense of defect emission as PLD temperature increases in the 300 °C–500 °C range. This is further supported by: (i) The dramatic increase of the band-edge recombination lifetime from 30 to 180 ns, (ii) The quenching in the carrier trapping rate from 0.25 ns−1 to 0.09 ns−1 as growth temperature increases. The results correlate well with structural and electrical characterization studies reported previously on PLD-grown CIGS and rationally interpret the improvement in their optoelectronic properties as PLD deposition temperature increases .
Electric-double-layer-gated transistors based on two-dimensional crystals: recent approaches and advances
Authors: Xu Ke , Fullerton-Shirey Susan K 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Electric-double-layer (EDL) gated transistors use ions in an electrolyte to induce charge in the channel of the transistor by field-effect. Because a sub-nanometer gap capacitor is created at the electrolyte/channel interface, large capacitance densities (∼µF cm−2) corresponding to high sheet carrier densities (1014 cm−2) can be induced, exceeding conventional gate dielectrics by about one order of magnitude. Because it is an interfacial technique, EDL gating is especially effective on two-dimensional (2D) crystals, which—at the monolayer limit—are basically interfaces themselves. Both solid polymer electrolytes and ionic liquids are routinely used as ion-conducting gate dielectrics, and they have provided access to regimes of transport in 2D materials that would be inaccessible otherwise. The technique, now widely used, has enabled the 2D crystal community to study superconductivity, spin- and valleytronics, investigate electrical and structural phase transitions, and create abrupt p-n junctions to generate tunneling, among others. In addition to using EDL gating as a tool to investigate properties of the 2D crystals, more recent efforts have emerged to engineer the electrolyte to add new functionality and device features, such as synaptic plasticity, bistability and non-volatility. Example of potential applications include neuromorphic computing and non-volatile memory. This review focuses on using ions for electrostatic control of 2D crystal transistors both to uncover basic properties of 2D crystals, and also to add new device functionalities.
Prevalence of impostor phenomenon and assessment of well-being in pharmacy residents
Authors: Sullivan Jesse B , Ryba Nicole L 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to quantify the prevalence of impostor phenomenon (IP) and to assess well-being in pharmacy residents, as well as analyze the effects of demographics on these outcomes.

Methods
A cross-sectional, survey-based study was performed. Pharmacy residency program directors and pharmacy directors were asked to forward an invitation email to actively enrolled postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) and postgraduate year 2 pharmacy residents in March 2019. The survey used the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) to identify IP and the Mayo Clinic Resident/Fellow Well-Being Index (RWBI) to assess resident well-being.

Results
Survey respondents were mostly female, enrolled in PGY1 programs and single with no children. Of the 720 responses included in the study, 57.5% (n = 414) were identified as “impostors” (CIPS score of ≥62), with a mean CIPS score of 64.0 (SD, 15.0). Prior mental health treatment and increased hours worked per week were significant predictors of IP. The greatest correlation was found in those working greater than 80 hours per week compared to less than 60 hours per week (ß = 9.845; P &lt; 0.001). The mean RWBI score was 4.2 (SD, 1.8), with 47.8% (n = 344) of residents scoring ≥5, the cutoff for identifying those at greatest risk of distress. Age, previous mental health treatment, and increasing hours worked per week were significant predictors of RWBI ≥5. CIPS and RWBI scores were found to exhibit weak but significant correlation (ρ = 0.357; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
Pharmacy residents displayed significantly higher prevalence of IP vs comparable groups as well as significantly more distress with potential for a personal and/or professional consequence.