bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suppression of Inflammation Delays Hair Cell Regeneration and Functional Recovery Following Lateral Line Damage in Zebrafish Larvae
Authors: Zhang Ru , Liu Xiao-Peng , Li Ya-Juan , Wang Ming , Chen Lin , Hu Bing 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundHuman cochlear hair cells cannot spontaneously regenerate after loss. In contrast, those in fish and amphibians have a remarkable ability to regenerate after damaged. Previous studies focus on signaling mechanisms of hair cell regeneration, such as Wnt and Notch signals but seldom on the fact that the beginning of regeneration is accompanied by a large number of inflammatory responses. The detailed role of this inflammation in hair cell regeneration is still unknown. In addition, there is no appropriate behavioral method to quantitatively evaluate the functional recovery of lateral line hair cells after regeneration.ResultsIn this study, we found that when inflammation was suppressed, the regeneration of lateral line hair cells and the recovery of the rheotaxis of the larvae were significantly delayed. Calcium imaging showed that the function of the neuromasts in the inflammation-inhibited group was weaker than that in the non-inflammation-inhibited group at the Early Stage of regeneration, and returned to normal at the Late Stage. Calcium imaging also revealed the cause of the mismatch between the function and quantity during regeneration.ConclusionsOur results, meanwhile, suggest that suppressing inflammation delays hair cell regeneration and functional recovery when hair cells are damaged. This study may provide a new knowledge for how to promote hair cell regeneration and functional recovery in adult mammals.
“Prevalence of of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) Blood Groups in Eastern UP Population”
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Rai Vandana 
Published: February 2020

AbstractApproximately 300 different types of blood groups are identified so far, the ABO and Rh antigens are still the clinically most significant and genetically most polymorphic of all human blood group systems to date. A total of 200 unrelated individuals from Uttar Pradesh were studied for the phenotype and allele frequency distribution of ABO and Rh (D) blood groups. In total 200 samples analyzed, phenotype B blood type has the highest frequency 36.5% (n=73), followed by O (34.5%; n=69), A (20.5%; n=41) and AB (8.5%; n=17). The O, A and B frequencies were 0.5849, 0.1571 and 0.2580 respectively. The overall phenotypic frequencies of ABO blood groups were B>O>A>AB. The variation in phenotypic frequencies between male and female might be due to small sample size of male sample. The allelic frequency of Rh-negative was 0.2.
RLP/K enrichment sequencing; a novel method to identify receptor-like protein (RLP) and receptor-like kinase (RLK) genes
Authors: Lin Xiao , Armstrong Miles , Baker Katie , Wouters Doret , Visser Richard G.F. , Wolters Pieter J. , Hein Ingo , Vleeshouwers Vivianne G.A.A. 
Published: February 2020

SummaryThe identification of immune receptors in crop plants is time-consuming but important for disease control. Previously, resistance gene enrichment sequencing (RenSeq) was developed to accelerate mapping of nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) genes. However, resistances mediated by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) remain less utilised.Here, our pipeline shows accelerated mapping ofPRRs.Effectoromics leads to precise identification of plants with target PRRs, and subsequent RLP/K enrichment sequencing (RLP/KSeq) leads to detection of informative SNPs that are linked to the trait.UsingPhytophthora infestansas a model, we identifiedSolanum microdontumplants that recognize the apoplastic effectors INF1 or SCR74. RLP/KSeq in a segregatingSolanumpopulation confirmed the localization of the INF1 receptor on chromosome 12, and lead to the rapid mapping of the response to SCR74 to chromosome 9. By using markers obtained from RLP/KSeq in conjunction with additional markers, we fine-mapped the SCR74 receptor to a 43-kbpG-LecRKlocus.Our findings show that RLP/KSeq enables rapid mapping ofPRRsand is especially beneficial for crop plants with large and complex genomes. This work will enable the elucidation and characterisation of the non-NLR plant immune receptors and ultimately facilitate informed resistance breeding.
Differential modulation of heat inducible genes across diverse genotypes and molecular cloning of a sHSP from Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum(L.) R. Br.]
Authors: MukeshSankar S , Satyavathi C. Tara , Barthakur Sharmistha , Singh S.P , Kumar Roshan , Prabhu K.V. , Bharadwaj C. , Soumya S.L. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEnvironmental stresses negatively influence survival, biomass and grain yield of most crops. Towards functionally clarifying the role of heat responsive genes in Pearl millet under high temperature stress, the present study were carried out using semi quantitative RT- PCR for transcript expression profiling ofhsf and hspsin 8 different inbred lines at seedling stage, which was earlier identified as thermo tolerant/susceptible lines through initial screening for thermo tolerance using membrane stability index among 38 elite genotypes. Transcript expression pattern suggested existence of differential response among different genotypes in response to heat stress in the form of accumulation of heat shock responsive gene transcripts. Genotypes WGI 126, TT-1 and MS 841B responded positively towards high temperature stress for transcript accumulation for bothPgcp 70andPghsfand also had better growth under heat stress, whereas PPMI 69 showed the least responsiveness to transcript induction supporting the membrane stability index data for scoring thermotolerance, suggesting the efficacy of transcript expression profiling as a molecular based screening technique for identification of thermotolerant genes and genotypes at particular crop growth stages. As to demonstrate this, a full length cDNA ofPghsp 16.97was cloned from the thermotolerant cultivar, WGI 126 and characterized for thermotolerance. The results of demonstration set forth the transcript profiling for heat tolerant genes can be a very useful technique for high throughput screening of tolerant genotypes at molecular level from large cultivar collections at seedling stage.
Service user experience of the Norfolk youth service
Authors: Heavens David , Hodgekins Joanne , Lower Rebecca , Spauls Joanne , Carroll Benjamin , Gee Brioney , Clarke Timothy , Wilson Jonathan 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
There is an international drive to improve mental health services for young people. This study aims to investigate service user experience of a youth mental health service in Norfolk, UK. In addition to suggesting improvements to this service, recommendations are made for the development of youth mental health services in general.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed-methods approach was used. Quantitative data from satisfaction questionnaires were analysed using descriptive statistics and compared between two time points. A semi-structured interview was used to generate qualitative data. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes in the interview transcripts and triangulation was used to synthesise quantitative and qualitative data.

Findings
Service users appeared satisfied with the service. Significant improvements in satisfaction were found between two time points. Qualitative analysis identified three main themes that were important to service users, including support, information and personhood.

Practical implications
Recommendations for the development of youth mental health services are provided. Although these are based on findings from the Norfolk youth service, they are likely to apply to other mental health services for young people.

Originality/value
Mental health care for young people requires significant improvement. The Norfolk youth service is one of the first services of its kind in the UK. The findings from this study might be helpful to consider in the development of youth mental health services across the world.
Reevaluation of platelet function in chronic immune thrombocytopenia: impacts of platelet size, platelet‐associated anti‐αIIbβ3 antibodies and thrombopoietin receptor agonists
Authors: Nishiura Nobuko , Kashiwagi Hirokazu , Akuta Keigo , Hayashi Satoru , Kato Hisashi , Kanakura Yuzuru , Tomiyama Yoshiaki 
Published: February 2020

SummaryPlatelet function of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) has been controversial because of methodological problems associated with low platelet counts. In this study, we evaluated platelet function in 21 patients with chronic ITP (cITP) using the recently developed flow cytometry (FCM)‐based platelet aggregation assay (FCA) along with a PAC1/CD62P assay. Since ITP platelets are larger than controls, whole platelets (whole gating method) and size‐adjusted platelets (size‐adjusted method) were analysed in the PAC1/CD62P via FCM. We found that: (i) aggregation was equivalent [phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) or adenosine diphosphate (ADP)‐induced] or enhanced [protease‐activated receptor 1‐activating peptide (PAR1AP)‐induced] in cITP compared with control by FCA; (ii) PAC1 or CD62P was also equivalent or enhanced in cITP in the whole gating method; and (iii) in sharp contrast, the size‐adjusted method revealed that ADP‐, PAR1AP‐, and collagen synthetic liquid reactive peptide (SRP)‐induced PAC1 and ADP‐induced CD62P were impaired in cITP. These data suggested that an increase in the number of larger‐sized platelets may compensate for the impaired platelet function of cITP, leading to non‐inferiority of overall platelet function in cITP. Furthermore, we revealed that ADP‐induced aggregation was impaired in the patients with thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO‐RAs) or platelet‐associated anti‐αIIbβ3 antibodies compared with the control, suggesting that the presence of anti‐αIIbβ3 autoantibodies and/or administration of TPO‐RAs may have a negative impact on platelet function.
Use of a trizonal schema to assess targeting accuracy in prostatic fusion biopsy
Authors: Franklin Anthony , Gianduzzo Tony , Yaxley John , Kua Boon , Coughlin Geoff , Samaratunga Hema , Gianduzzo Troy 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesTo describe the use of a novel 'trizonal' biopsy schema in which 'near‐target' biopsies are taken adjacent to the MRI lesion, in addition to target and systematic biopsies, to determine the accuracy of prostate MRI fusion systems.Participants and MethodsA trizonal biopsy technique was used to evaluate 75 men with small Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI‐RADS) 3–5 MRI lesions (<15 mm) identified from a prospective cohort of 290 men undergoing multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for suspected prostate cancer at a single high‐volume institution between September 2017 and May 2019. In addition to target and systematic biopsies, near‐target biopsies were taken 4 mm from the apparent border of the MRI lesion. Comparisons were made between highest International Society of Urological Pathology grade and longest tumour length.ResultsFifty‐three men with significant prostate cancer in the same quadrant as the target were included in the final analysis. The percentages of positive cores from target, near‐target and MRI‐negative zones were 66%, 39% and 17%, respectively. Significant cancer was detected in the near‐target zone in 77% of cases when the target zone was positive. A total of 17% of participants were upgraded by a median (range) of 1 (1–3) grades through the addition of near‐target cores. Notably, 9% of men were diagnosed with clinically significant prostate cancer solely via the near‐target biopsy cores when the target cores were negative.ConclusionThe use of near‐target biopsies as part of a trizonal biopsy schema provides a novel methodology to optimize clinically significant prostate cancer detection.
Weak migratory connectivity, loop migration and multiple non‐breeding site use in British breeding Whinchats Saxicola rubetra
Authors: Burgess Malcolm D. , Finch Tom , Border Jennifer A. , Castello Joan , Conway Greg , Ketcher Martin , Lawrence Mark , Orsman Christopher J. , Mateos Judit , Proud Amanada , Westerberg Stephen , Wiffen Tina , Henderson Ian G. 
Published: February 2020

Determining the links between breeding populations and the pressures, threats and conditions they experience presents a challenge for the conservation of migratory birds which can use multiple sites separated by hundreds to thousands of kilometres. Furthermore, migratory connectivity – the connections made by migrating individuals between networks of breeding and non‐breeding sites – has important implications for population dynamics. The Whinchat Saxicola rubetra is declining across its range, and tracking data from a single African non‐breeding site implies high migratory spread. We used geolocators to describe the migration routes and non‐breeding areas of 20 Whinchats from three British breeding populations. As expected, migratory spread was high, with birds from the three populations overlapping across a wide area of West Africa. On average, in non‐breeding areas, British breeding Whinchats were located 652 km apart from one another, with some likely to share non‐breeding areas with individuals from breeding populations as far east as Russia. Four males made a direct non‐breeding season movement to a second, more westerly, non‐breeding location in January. Autumn migration was through Iberia and around the western edge of the Sahara Desert, whereas spring migration was more direct, indicating an anticlockwise loop migration. Weak migratory connectivity implies that Whinchat populations are somewhat buffered against local changes in non‐breeding conditions. If non‐breeding season processes have played a role in the species’ decline, then large‐scale drivers are likely to be the cause, although processes operating on migration, or interactions between breeding and non‐breeding processes, cannot be ruled out.
Association of PARP1 polymorphisms with response to chemotherapy in patients with high‐risk neuroblastoma
Authors: Avitabile Marianna , Lasorsa Vito Alessandro , Cantalupo Sueva , Cardinale Antonella , Cimmino Flora , Montella Annalaura , Capasso Dalila , Haupt Riccardo , Amoroso Loredana , Garaventa Alberto , Quattrone Alessandro , Corrias Maria Valeria , Iolascon Achille , Capasso Mario 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe genetic aetiology and the molecular mechanisms that characterize high‐risk neuroblastoma are still little understood. The majority of high‐risk neuroblastoma patients do not take advantage of current induction therapy. So far, one of the main reasons liable for cancer therapeutic failure is the acquisition of resistance to cytotoxic anticancer drugs, because of the DNA repair system of tumour cells. PARP1 is one of the main DNA damage sensors involved in the DNA repair system and genomic stability. We observed that high PARP1 mRNA level is associated with unfavourable prognosis in 3 public gene expression NB patients’ datasets and in 20 neuroblastomas analysed by qRT‐PCR. Among 4983 SNPs in PARP1, we selected two potential functional SNPs. We investigated the association of rs907187, in PARP1 promoter, and rs2048426 in non‐coding region with response chemotherapy in 121 Italian patients with high‐risk NB. Results showed that minor G allele of rs907187 associated with induction response of patients (P = .02) and with decrease PARP1 mRNA levels in NB cell line (P = .003). Furthermore, rs907187 was predicted to alter the binding site of E2F1 transcription factor. Specifically, allele G had low binding affinity with E2F1 whose expression positively correlates with PARP1 expression and associated with poor prognosis of patients with NB. By contrast, we did not find genetic association for the SNP rs2048426. These data reveal rs907187 as a novel potential risk variant associated with the failure of induction therapy for high‐risk NB.
At the Margins: Comparing School Experiences of Nonbinary and Binary‐Identified Transgender Youth
Authors: Allen Brittany J. , Andert Ben , Botsford Jay , Budge Stephanie L. , Rehm Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDTransgender, nonbinary, and gender nonconforming (TNG) young people are a diverse group, including young people with gender identities beyond the gender binary. Whereas nonbinary youth experience disparities in victimization and mental health, school belonging, support, and resources have not been well described.METHODSWe conducted an online survey of TNG young people (ages 12‐22) in Wisconsin to assess school belonging, safety, support, and resources. We compared responses among participants with nonbinary versus binary identities using mulvariate analysis of variance, multivariate analysis of covariance, chi‐square and logistic regression analysis.RESULTSA total of 287 TNG young people met inclusion criteria (average age 18.2 ± 2.5 years). More than 40% of participants identified as nonbinary. Nonbinary participants were less likely to be out to teachers, but more likely to utilize supportive staff as a resource compared to binary‐identified TNG peers. There were no significant differences in school safety and belonging.CONCLUSIONSMost school experiences do not vary significantly between TNG young people with binary versus nonbinary gender identities, though nonbinary young people are less likely to be out at school. Future research should examine factors that impact whether nonbinary young people share their gender identity and access school support services.
Exceeding Crisis. The Psychic Life of Drawings
Authors: Giordano Cristiana 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSince 2015, an unprecedented number of people from Middle Eastern and African countries have crossed borders into and within Europe. Media and political actors describe this time as an “emergency” and a “crisis” that challenges the core of European values and human rights principles. Calling this a crisis implies responding to it, on the one hand, with humanitarian gestures of saving lives, and, on the other, with stricter border control. I reflect on the grammar of crisis and the forms of care that it simultaneously enables and disables. I am inspired by the relationship between two painters—from Tunisia and Nigeria—and their forms of therapeutic and ethical explorations through art. I propose to attend to practices that bear witness to other grammars, or the lack thereof. These practices are the expression of a denial, or, better, of an interruption in the language of the crisis and pathology.
Chronic disease comorbidity in patients with oral leukoplakia: A matched case–control study
Authors: Giudice Lance W. , Graff Emrik A. , Haripersad Yasmita , Frydrych Agnieszka M. , Parsons Richard , Kujan Omar , Farah Camile S. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of chronic diseases in patients with oral leukoplakia (OL) compared to controls matched for age group, gender, smoking and alcohol use.Subjects and MethodsThis case–control study examined the general demographics, medical and social histories of 105 OL cases and 391 controls matched for age group, gender, tobacco and alcohol use. All OL cases were diagnosed based on both clinical and histopathological findings.ResultsChronic diseases were significantly associated with OL, namely dyslipidaemia (p < .0001), musculoskeletal diseases (p = .0101) and asthma (p = .0052). The use of ACE inhibitors (p = .0177), opioid analgesics (p = .0300), anticoagulants (p = .0055) and statins (p = .0010) was significantly associated with OL. Dyslipidaemia (p < .0001; odds ratio [95% CI]: 6.4 [3.5–11.6]) and asthma (p = .0110; odds ratio [95% CI]: 2.2 [1.2–4.0]) were identified as independent predictors of OL in multivariate analysis, both of which were significantly more common amongst cases than controls.ConclusionsResults from this first Australian study suggest that dyslipidaemia and asthma may constitute independent predictors for the presence of OL. However, longitudinal studies are needed to ascertain the temporal relationship between OL and chronic disease comorbidity and the mechanisms underlying these associations.
c(RGDfK)‐ and ZnTriMPyP‐Bound Polymeric Nanocarriers for Tumor‐Targeted Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: de las Heras Elena , Boix‐Garriga Ester , Bryden Francesca , Agut Montserrat , Mora Margarita , Sagristá M. Lluïsa , Boyle Ross W. , Lange Norbert , Nonell Santi 
Published: February 2020

AbstractActive targeting strategies are currently being extensively investigated in order to enhance the selectivity of photodynamic therapy. The aim of the present research was to evaluate whether the external decoration of nanopolymeric carriers with targeting peptides could add more value to a photosensitizer formulation and increase antitumor therapeutic efficacy and selectivity. To this end, we assessed PLGA‐PLA‐PEG nanoparticles (NPs) covalently attached to a hydrophilic photosensitizer 5‐[4‐azidophenyl]‐10,15,20‐tri‐(N‐methyl‐4‐pyridinium)porphyrinato zinc (II) trichloride (ZnTriMPyP) and also to c(RGDfK) peptides, in order to target αvβ3 integrin‐expressing cells. In vitro phototoxicity investigations showed that the ZnTriMPyP‐PLGA‐PLA‐PEG‐c(RGDfK) nanosystem is effective at submicromolar concentrations, is devoid of dark toxicity, successfully targets αvβ3 integrin‐expressing cells and is 10‐fold more potent than related nanosystems where the PS is occluded instead of covalently bound.
The Affordability of Flood Risk Property‐Level Adaptation Measures
Authors: Hudson Paul 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe affordability of property‐level adaptation measures against flooding is crucial due to the movement toward integrated flood risk management, which requires the individuals threatened by flooding to actively manage flooding. It is surprising to find that affordability is not often discussed, given the important roles that affordability and social justice play regarding flood risk management. This article provides a starting point for investigating the potential rate of unaffordability of flood risk property‐level adaptation measures across Europe using two definitions of affordability, which are combined with two different affordability thresholds from within flood risk research. It uses concepts of investment and payment affordability, with affordability thresholds based on residual income and expenditure definitions of unaffordability. These concepts, in turn, are linked with social justice through fairness concerns, in that, all should have equal capability to act, of which affordability is one avenue. In doing so, it was found that, for a large proportion of Europe, property owners generally cannot afford to make one‐time payment of the cost of protective measures. These can be made affordable with installment payment mechanisms or similar mechanisms that spread costs over time. Therefore, the movement toward greater obligations for flood‐prone residents to actively adapt to flooding should be accompanied by socially accessible financing mechanisms.