bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unilateral pleural effusion with capillary haemangioma
Authors: Kadota Nozomi , Murakami Manabu , Imai Ryosuke , Jinta Torahiko , Tamura Tomohide 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHere, we report a case of haemangioma on middle mediastinum accompanied by unilateral pleural effusion, which was initially suspected to be lung cancer and pleurisy. During annual check‐up, chest radiography of a 30‐year‐old female showed homogeneous opacity in the left lower pulmonary field. Excision was performed, and the mass was pathologically diagnosed as benign mediastinal vascular tumour with exudative pleural effusion. To our knowledge, this presentation occurs in <0.5% of tumours of the mediastinum, and furthermore, the presence of pleural fluid is extremely rare, and the underlying mechanism is unknown. Although mediastinal haemangioma is hard to diagnose without surgery, we should include it in the differential diagnosis of a tumour with unilateral pleural effusion.
High‐energy diet improves growth performance, meat quality and gene expression related to intramuscular fat deposition in finishing yaks raised by barn feeding
Authors: Kang Kun , Ma Jian , Wang Hongze , Wang Zhisheng , Peng Quanhui , Hu Rui , Zou Huawei , Bao Shanke , Zhang Wenhua , Sun Baozhong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis research aimed to investigate the effects of dietary energy concentration (combined net energy, Nemf) on growth performance and meat quality of yaks raised by barn feeding. In all, 30 male yaks (3‐year old and 114.57 ± 21.56 kg of body weight) were allocated to one of three isonitrogenous dietary treatments that had different Nemf concentrations (low 3.72 MJ/kg, middle 4.52 MJ/kg and high 5.32 MJ/kg, respectively). The yaks were fed for 120 days. The results showed that the final weight, average daily gain, dressing percentage, backfat thickness and loin muscle area were significantly improved (p < .05) with the increase in dietary energy concentration. However, an opposite trend of feed:gain ratio, cooking loss, driage, shear force and moisture content was found. A significant improvement (p < .05) of intramuscular fat content was observed in the high‐energy group. Additionally, the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acid was increased (p < .05) at the expense of the saturated fatty acids. The mRNA expressions of lipogenic genes fatty acid synthase, acetyl‐CoA carboxylase, sterol regulatory element‐binding protein 1, stearoyl‐CoA desaturase, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ, lipoprotein lipase and heart fatty acid‐binding proteins increased (p < .05) in a dose‐dependent manner. However, the mRNA expressions of lipolytic genes carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1 and hormone‐sensitive lipase correspondingly decreased (p < .05) with increased dietary energy level. In summary, the growth performance, meat production and meat quality improvement of finishing yaks can be achieved by increasing the dietary energy concentration. The intramuscular fat accumulation of yaks was achieved through up‐regulation of intramuscular lipogenic gene expression as well as fatty acid transport gene expression and down‐regulation of lipolytic gene expression by promoting dietary energy concentration.
Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging can exclude prostate cancer progression in patients on active surveillance: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ullrich T. , Arsov C. , Quentin M. , Mones F. , Westphalen A. C. , Mally D. , Hiester A. , Albers P. , Antoch G. , Schimmöller L. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives
To assess the ability of multiparametric MRI (mp-MRI) of the prostate to exclude prostate cancer (PCa) progression during monitoring patients on active surveillance (AS).

Methods
One hundred forty-seven consecutive patients on AS with mp-MRI (T2WI, DWI, DCE-MRI) at 3T were initially enrolled. Fifty-five received follow-up mp-MRI after a minimum interval of 12 months and subsequent targeted MR/US fusion-guided biopsy (FUS-GB) plus concurrent systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS-GB) biopsy as reference standard. Primary endpoint was the negative predictive value (NPV) of the follow-up mp-MRI to exclude histopathologic tumor progression using PRECISE recommendations. Secondary endpoints were the positive predictive value (PPV), sensitivity, specificity, Gleason score (GS) upgrades, and comparison of biopsy method.

Results
Of 55 patients, 29 (53%) had a GS upgrade on re-biopsy. All 29 patients showed a tumor progression on follow-up mp-MRI. Fifteen of 55 patients (27%) displayed signs of tumor progression, but had stable GS on re-biopsy. None of the 11 patients (20%) without signs of progression on follow-up mp-MRI had a GS upgrade on re-biopsy. The NPV was 100%, PPV was 66%, sensitivity was 100%, and specificity 42%. FUS-GB resulted in GS upgrade significantly more often (n = 28; 51%) compared with TRUS-GB (n = 12; 22%; p < 0.001).

Conclusions
(Follow-up) Mp-MRI can reliably exclude PCa progression in patients on AS. Standard serial re-biopsies might be waived if follow-up mp-MRIs are stable. Over 60% of patients with signs of tumor progression on mp-MRI during AS had a GS upgrade on re-biopsy. Targeted re-biopsies should be performed if cancer progression or higher-grade PCa is suspected on mp-MRI.

Key Points
• None of the patients with unsuspicious mp-MRI had a GS upgrade in re-biopsy and mp-MRI might replace serial biopsies in these cases
• More than 60% of patients with mp-MRI signs of tumor progression had subsequent Gleason score (GS) upgrades
• Targeted re-biopsies should be performed in case of higher GS cancer suspicion on mp-MRI
Conchixes: organic scaffolds which resemble the size and shapes of mollusks shells, their isolation and potential multifunctional applications
Authors: Ehrlich Hermann , Martinović Rajko , Joksimović Danijela , Petrenko Iaroslav , Schiaparelli Stefano , Wysokowski Marcin , Tsurkan Dmitry , Stelling Allison L. , Springer Armin , Gelinsky Michael , Joksimović Aleksandar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMolluscan shells are an example of a mineral-based biocomposite material, and most studies to date have focused on understanding their biomineralization mechanisms. Meanwhile, large amounts of these shells are produced as waste globally by seafood which is used by other industries as a source of biogenic calcium carbonates. In this study, we propose a simple methodological approach for isolation ofConchixes, the organic scaffolds that resemble the size and shapes of mollusks shells, using gentle EDTA-based demineralization of the shells. Such mineral-free biological materials have been extracted from selected representatives of marine and fresh water bivalves, as well as from marine and terrestrial gastropods under study. Key pathways to practical applications of molluscanconchixeswith regards to pharmacy, cosmetics, feed and feed additives, biomedicine and bioinspired materials science are also discussed.
Prevalence and distribution of occult fractures on skeletal surveys in children with suspected non-accidental trauma imaged or reviewed in a tertiary Dutch hospital
Authors: Loos Marie-Louise H. J. , Ahmed Tayiba , Bakx Roel , van Rijn Rick R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the study was to determine the rate of occult fractures (without clinical symptoms) per presenting clinical injury i.e., children presenting with a fracture, bruise, abusive head trauma and the types of fracture most likely to be found, in a series of infants and young children suspected of being victims of NAT.

Methods
Skeletal surveys done between 2008 and 2018 of children (< 5 years) were retrospectively analyzed. Both radiographs of admitted children and reassessment images from all over the country were included and reviewed by a forensic paediatric radiologist. Deceased children were excluded. Variables as gender, age, initial clinical injury and occult fractures were collected. Occult fractures on the follow-up skeletal survey were collected.

Results
A total of 370 skeletal surveys of 296 children were included. Median age was 22 weeks (IQR 11–48), there were 172 (58%) boys. A total of 195 occult fractures were detected in 111 (32%) children. Occult fractures were detected in 37/126 (29%) children with fracture as presenting symptom, 33/90 (37%) children with head trauma and 26/50 (52%) children with bruises. Rib (n = 56, 50%) and lower leg (n = 40, 36%) fractures were most detected.

Conclusion
Occult fractures were detected in 32% of the children. Occult fractures were most prevalent if the initial clinical injury suggestive for NAT to request skeletal survey was a bruise, abusive head trauma or fracture.
Plasma sclerostin levels are associated with nutritional status and insulin resistance but not hormonal disturbances in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Wyskida Katarzyna , Franik Grzegorz , Owczarek Aleksander Jerzy , Choręza Piotr , Kocełak Piotr , Madej Paweł , Chudek Jerzy , Olszanecka-Glinianowicz Magdalena 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the circulating sclerostin levels with nutritional status, insulin resistance and hormonal disturbances in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Patients and methods
The cross-sectional study involved 98 PCOS inpatients (20 normal weight, 17 overweight and 61 obese) with stable body mass. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance method in addition to anthropometric measurements (body mass and height). Serum/plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin (with the calculation of homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance—HOMA-IR), estradiol, total testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and sclerostin were measured. Free androgen index (FAI) and estradiol/testosterone index were calculated.

Results
Plasma sclerostin levels were significantly higher in obese [0.61 (interquartile range 0.53–0.77) ng/mL] than in overweight [0.53 (0.49–0.57) ng/mL] and normal weight [0.49 (0.42–0.54) ng/mL] groups. Plasma sclerostin levels were significantly higher in the subgroup with insulin resistance [0.65 (interquartile range 0.53–0.77) vs. 0.52 (0.46–0.58) ng/mL; p < 0.001], while similar concentrations were observed in subgroups with FAI below and above median. Plasma sclerostin levels variability were explained by BMI (r = 0.40), the percentage of body fat (r = 0.40) and HOMA-IR values (r = 0.34) in multivariable models.

Conclusions
Circulating sclerostin levels in women with PCOS are related to nutritional status and insulin resistance, but not to sex hormone disturbances.
Generalization of three-dimensional golden-angle radial acquisition to reduce eddy current artifacts in bSSFP CMR imaging
Authors: Fyrdahl Alexander , Holst Karen , Caidahl Kenneth , Ugander Martin , Sigfridsson Andreas 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
We propose a novel generalization of the three-dimensional double-golden-angle profile ordering, which allows for whole-heart volumetric imaging with retrospective binning and reduced eddy current artifacts.

Methods
A novel theory bridging the gap between the three-dimensional double golden-angle trajectory, and the two-dimensional tiny-golden-angle trajectory is presented. This enables a class of double golden-angle profile orderings with a smaller angular distance between successive k-space readouts. The novel profile orderings were evaluated through simulations, phantom experiments, and in vivo imaging. Comparisons were made to the original double-golden-angle trajectory. Image uniformity and off-resonance sensitivity were evaluated using phantom measurements, and qualitative image quality was assessed using in vivo images acquired in a healthy volunteer.

Results
The proposed theory successfully reduced the angular step while maintaining image uniformity after binning. Simulations revealed a slow degradation with decreasing angular steps and an increasing number of physiological bins. The phantom images showed a definite improvement in image uniformity and increased robustness to off-resonance, and in vivo imaging corroborated those findings.

Conclusion
Reducing the angular step in cardio-respiratory-binned golden-angle imaging shows potential for overcoming eddy current-induced image artifacts associated with 3D golden-angle radial imaging.
Elastic Wave Propagation in Lattice Metamaterials with Koch Fractal
Authors: Zhao Pengcheng , Zhang Kai , Deng Zichen 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, the wave propagation properties of lattice metamaterials with Koch fractal structures are investigated in terms of band structures and directional wave propagation. The analytical models of lattice metamaterials are established using the finite element method, and the dispersion relation is solved using the Bloch’s theorem. The band structures of the lattice metamaterials with different numbers of iterations are studied, and the group velocities at a selected frequency are calculated to analyze the directional wave propagation characteristics. Furthermore, dynamic responses of the finite structures are calculated using commercial finite element software to verify the band gaps and directional wave propagation behaviors in the lattice metamaterials. The results show that multiple and low band gaps are present in the lattice materials with various geometric parameters of the Koch fractal, and the position of the lowest band gap decreases as the number of iterations increases. The results indicate the potential applications of lattice metamaterials with Koch fractals for vibration isolation and multi-functional design.
A spatio-temporal model for Red Sea surface temperature anomalies
Authors: Rohrbeck Christian , Simpson Emma S. , Towe Ross P. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper details the approach of team Lancaster to the 2019 EVA data challenge, dealing with spatio-temporal modelling of Red Sea surface temperature anomalies. We model the marginal distributions and dependence features separately; for the former, we use a combination of Gaussian and generalised Pareto distributions, while the dependence is captured using a localised Gaussian process approach. We also propose a space-time moving estimate of the cumulative distribution function that takes into account spatial variation and temporal trend in the anomalies, to be used in those regions with limited available data. The team’s predictions are compared to results obtained via an empirical benchmark. Our approach performs well in terms of the threshold-weighted continuous ranked probability score criterion, chosen by the challenge organiser.
Diffusion Coefficients of Methane in Methylbenzene and Heptane at Temperatures between 323 K and 398 K at Pressures up to 65 MPa
Authors: Taib Malyanah Binti Mohd , Trusler J. P. Martin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe reported experimental measurements of the diffusion coefficient of methane at effectively infinite dilution in methylbenzene and in heptane at temperatures ranging from (323 to 398) K and at pressures up to 65 MPa. The Taylor dispersion method was used and the overall combined standard relative uncertainty was 2.3%. The experimental diffusion coefficients were correlated with a simple empirical model as well as the Stokes–Einstein model with the effective hydrodynamic radius of methane depending linearly upon the solvent density. The new data address key gaps in the literature and may facilitate the development of an improved predictive model for the diffusion coefficients of dilute gaseous solutes in hydrocarbon liquids.
Spider Mites Cause More Damage to Tomato in the Dark When Induced Defenses Are Lower
Authors: Liu Jie , Chafi Rachid , Legarrea Saioa , Alba Juan M. , Meijer Tomas , Menken Steph B. J. , Kant Merijn R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPlants have evolved robust mechanisms to cope with incidental variation (e.g. herbivory) and periodical variation (e.g. light/darkness during the day-night cycle) in their environment. It has been shown that a plant’s susceptibility to pathogens can vary during its day-night cycle. We demonstrated earlier that the spider mite Tetranychus urticae induces jasmonate- and salicylate-mediated defenses in tomato plants while the spider mite T. evansi suppresses these defenses probably by secreting salivary effector proteins. Here we compared induction/suppression of plant defenses; the expression of mite-effector genes and the amount of damage due to mite feeding during the day and during the night. T. urticae feeding upregulated the expression of jasmonate and salicylate marker-genes albeit significantly higher under light than under darkness. Some of these marker-genes were also upregulated by T. evansi-feeding albeit to much lower levels than by T. urticae-feeding. The expression of effector 28 was not affected by light or darkness in either mite species. However, the expression of effector 84 was considerably higher under light, especially for T. evansi. Finally, while T. evansi produced overall more feeding damage than T. urticae both mites produced consistently more damage during the dark phase than under light. Our results suggest that induced defenses are subject to diurnal variation possibly causing tomatoes to incur more damage due to mite-feeding during the dark phase. We speculate that mites, but especially T. evansi, may relax effector production during the dark phase because under these conditions the plant’s ability to upregulate defenses is reduced.
Innovation and innovator assessment in R&I ecosystems: the case of the EU Framework Programme
Authors: Nepelski Daniel , Van Roy Vincent 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe EU Framework Programme (FP) has evolved from supporting pre-competitive research to cover the entire innovation value chain and became the world’s largest research and innovation (R&I) ecosystem. It facilitates the creation of R&I networks among organizations from around the world. To oversee and manage the innovation activities of complex collaborative R&I projects, new data, indicators and tools were needed. We present the Innovation Radar (IR), an initiative of the European Commission to identify and manage innovations and innovators in the FP R&I ecosystem. The IR is used as an intelligence platform providing insights on innovation activities in large collaborative R&I projects. The internal IR tools allow policy officers to monitor R&I projects and provide custom support to facilitate the commercialisation of their results. External actors use the public IR data platform to seek for collaborative partners or for investment opportunities.
What would it mean for natural language to be the language of thought?
Authors: Dupre Gabe 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTraditional arguments against the identification of the language of thought with natural language assume a picture of natural language which is largely inconsistent with that suggested by contemporary linguistic theory. This has led certain philosophers and linguists to suggest that this identification is not as implausible as it once seemed. In this paper, I discuss the prospects for such an identification in light of these developments in linguistic theory. I raise a new challenge against the identification thesis: the existence of ungrammatical but acceptable expressions seems to require a gap between thought and language. I consider what must be the case in order for this objection to be dealt with.
Responses of a two degrees-of-freedom system with uncertain parameters in the vicinity of resonance 1:1
Authors: Awrejcewicz Jan , Cheaib Akram , Losyeva Nataliya , Puzyrov Volodymyr 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe analyze the dynamics of a nonlinear mechanical system under the influence of an external harmonic force. The system consists of a linear oscillator (primary mass) and attached nonlinear dynamic absorber. It is supposed that the frequency of the external force is close to the natural frequency of the main mass. Assuming that the parameters of the system are uncertain, the stability conditions of the stationary regimes of the averaged equations are obtained analytically; these regimes correspond to the quasi-periodic motions of the original input system. An analytical approach to the problem of selecting the parameters of a dynamic absorber is proposed in order to reduce the amplitude of oscillations of the main system. The results obtained are compared with the results of the numerical integration of the equations of the motion with different initial conditions and parameter values.
Vehicle Attribute Recognition by Appearance: Computer Vision Methods for Vehicle Type, Make and Model Classification
Authors: Ni Xingyang , Huttunen Heikki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper studies vehicle attribute recognition by appearance. In the literature, image-based target recognition has been extensively investigated in many use cases, such as facial recognition, but less so in the field of vehicle attribute recognition. We survey a number of algorithms that identify vehicle properties ranging from coarse-grained level (vehicle type) to fine-grained level (vehicle make and model). Moreover, we discuss two alternative approaches for these tasks, including straightforward classification and a more flexible metric learning method. Furthermore, we design a simulated real-world scenario for vehicle attribute recognition and present an experimental comparison of the two approaches.
The acrid raphides in tuberous root of Pinellia ternata have lipophilic character and are specifically denatured by ginger extract
Authors: Fueki Tsukasa , Tanaka Koichiro , Obara Kunihiko , Kawahara Ryudo , Namiki Takao , Makino Toshiaki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUnprocessed dried tuberous root of Pinellia ternata (Pinellia Tuber) has been used as a component of traditional Japanese Kampo medicine, while this crude drug is usually used after processing with Ginger in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is known that the raphides contained in unprocessed Pinellia Tuber can induce severe acrid irritation of the oral and laryngopharynx mucosa when it is boiled insufficiently. However, the mechanism of the inducing irritation by the raphides nor that of the detoxification by heat or processing with Ginger have been left unclear, mainly because of the difficulties in the extraction and the purification of the raphides and in the assays of acridity. In this study, we developed an easy protocol that can be used to collect raphides from unprocessed Pinellia Tuber and an assay protocol that can be used to evaluate the acridity of the raphides in vitro. The raphides of Pinellia Tuber were discovered to have a lipophilic character and to be collected easily by the extraction using petroleum ether. It was also found that the denaturation of the raphides could be assayed by the dispersity of them in petroleum ether layer of the water/petroleum ether partition, and the acridity of the raphides was found to be in correlation with the assayed denaturation. The raphides were denatured by heat, methanol, or Ginger extract and the denaturing activity of Ginger on raphides was found to be attributable to its lipophilic and thermostable components, which may explain the meaning of the processing of Pinellia Tuber with Ginger in TCM, and may lead to the development of an easier and safer protocol to administer Pinellia Tuber. In addition, it was found that rinsing the mouth with salad oil can effectively relieve irritation of the oral mucosa caused by unprocessed Pinellia Tuber, probably due to the lipophilicity of the raphides.
Graphic abstract