bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’immigration en Europe
Authors: Dumont Gérard-François 
Published: October 2020

L’immigration en Europe fait l’objet de débats sans qu’un consensus apparaisse possible sur la réalité de ce phénomène. Certains dénoncent une « Europe passoire » ; d’autres une « Europe forteresse ». Quant aux chiffres médiatisés sur l’évolution de l’immigration en Europe, ils sont souvent peu précis, voire inappropriés. Tout cela justifie de faire la clarté sur l’immigration en Europe. Dans ce dessein, les données disponibles permettent d’abord de considérer l’immigration à l’échelle du continent européen et ses facteurs explicatifs, d’attraction et de répulsion. L’analyse de ses dynamiques géographiques met en évidence des résultats différenciés dont les causes doivent être analysées.
Langue, dialecte, diglossie, dilalie
Authors: Berruto Gaetano , Elmiger Daniel , Matthey Marinette 
Published: October 2020

Dans cette contribution de 1987, Berruto entreprend de démontrer la pertinence de la définition étroite de la diglossie « à la Ferguson » par opposition à la conception fishmanienne, plus large, de coprésence de deux (variétés de) langue qui se différencient en termes de fonctions et de prestige au sein d’une même société. L’auteur insère cette démonstration dans une discussion plus générale sur les typologies sociolinguistiques des répertoires et revient sur quelques aspects de l’opposition entre « langue » et « dialecte », avec l’Italie en toile de fond de sa réflexion. Il propose la notion de dilalie pour caractériser un autre type d’arrangement linguistique entre langue standard et dialectes. La dilalie est une forme de diglossie qui s’étiole. La majeure partie de l’aire italoromane et la Suisse italienne connaissent cette dynamique.
Bipolarité et continuum : quelle place pour ces notions dans une théorie sociétale des contacts de langues ?
Authors: Haas Walter , Genton François , Elmiger Daniel , Matthey Marinette 
Published: October 2020

Cette contribution est la version écrite d’une conférence plénière tenue en allemand lors d’un colloque sur les contacts de langues en 2003. Haas revient tout d’abord sur la définition de la diglossie et des notions apparentées, en discutant un certain nombre de critères. Il relève ensuite la confusion qui s’installe entre variété de langue et registre suite à l’élargissement de la définition par Fishman. S’appuyant sur Koch et Oesterreicher (1994), il défend que l’expérience première du contact des langues est celle du registre, et que cette distinction peut alors se répliquer de différentes manières selon les arrangements sociolinguistiques sociétaux. Dans la deuxième partie du texte, Haas propose une analyse linguistique d’un extrait d’émission interactive d’une télévision alémanique, pour mettre en évidence les choix linguistiques de l’animateur qui utilise à la fois les ressources du dialecte zurichois et de l’allemand standard suisse pour performer l’identité suisse alémanique (zurichoise) du média.
Lexical Notes on Greek Prisons and Imprisonment
Authors: Curbera Jaime 
Published: October 2020

Le vocabulaire grec de la prison est particulièrement difficile à saisir, à cause surtout du caractère stylisé et idéaliste de la littérature grecque. Néanmoins, et grâce principalement aux lexicographes, nous connaissons une vingtaine de termes pour « prison » ou « cachot ». La première partie de cet article s’intéresse aux sources, à l’utilisation du langage figuré et de l’euphémisme, et à l’absence apparente de termes étrangers. La partie principale de l’article commente les termes ἀγκών, ἀναγκαῖον, ἀνάκαιον, ἀπάσιτον, βάλεκες, †βλεόρον, γοργύρη, δεσµωτήριον, δεχάς, Θήσειον, ἰψών, καλιός, καµάκασος, κάρκαρος, κέραµος, κυνάγχη, κῶς, οἴκηµα, ὁρκάνη, σιρός et ϕυλακή. Dans la partie finale, on discute dans quelle mesure ces termes contribuent à notre connaissance de l’emprisonnement dans l’Antiquité.
Le groupe de chanteurs du nō est-il assimilable à un chœur de tragédie grecque ?
Authors: Pierre Maxime 
Published: October 2020

Le nō et la tragédie grecque ancienne ont souvent été comparés et décrits avec un vocabulaire commun. Ainsi en va-t-il du groupe de chanteurs du nō assimilé dès l’ère Meiji par les intellectuels européens à un « chœur ». Le retour aux catégories et aux pratiques japonaises remet en cause cette assimilation. En comparant deux pièces qui partagent une thématique commune, le nō Shunkan et le Philoctète de Sophocle, nous pouvons explorer les différences des deux traditions. Nous constatons que le groupe de chanteurs du nō ( ji-utai ) ne correspond pas au chœur grec : il s’agit non pas de choreutes mais d’un groupe choral, non pas de personnages, mais de la voix collective d’un récitant.
Sur la préface d’Edward Said à la traduction anglaise de La Renaissance orientale (1984) de Raymond Schwab : de « l’humanisme intégral » à « l’humanisme démocratique »
Authors: Gallien Claire 
Published: October 2020

Le présent article examine la réception de Schwab dans le domaine anglophone, d’après la préface qu’Edward Said publie pour la traduction anglaise de La Renaissance orientale en 1984. La lecture enthousiaste que fait Said, auteur d’une critique virulente de l’orientalisme, de Schwab, apologiste de la renaissance orientaliste, paraît paradoxale. Je défends l’hypothèse que le rapprochement entre Said et Schwab se joue moins au niveau de l’orientalisme qu’autour de l’enjeu de l’humanisme, « intégral » chez Schwab et « démocratique » chez Said. Si l’on tient compte du panorama académique qui est celui de Said dans les années 1970-1980, et de l’engagement de l’intellectuel pour la critique philologique, de la pensée de l’affiliation, et de la question de l’humanisme démocratique, le rapprochement paraît beaucoup moins incongru. Mon article propose une étude du lien qui unit Said à Schwab précisément au-delà de l’orientalisme.
Pregnancy Alters Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses to Zika Virus Infection in the Reproductive Tract
Authors: Lesteberg Kelsey E. , Fader Dana S. , Beckham J. David 
Published: October 2020

AbstractRecent outbreaks of Zika virus (ZIKV) have been associated with birth defects, including microcephaly and neurologic impairment. However, the mechanisms that confer potential susceptibility to ZIKV during pregnancy remain unclear. We hypothesized that poor outcomes from ZIKV infection during pregnancy are due in part to pregnancy-induced alteration of innate immune cell frequencies and cytokine expression. To examine the impact of pregnancy on innate immune responses, we inoculated immunocompetent pregnant and nonpregnant female C57BL/6 mice with 5 × 105 focus-forming units of ZIKV intravaginally. Innate immune cell frequencies and cytokine expression were measured by flow cytometry at day 3 postinfection. Compared with nonpregnant mice, pregnant mice exhibited higher frequencies of uterine macrophages (CD68+) and CD11c+ CD103+ and CD11c+ CD11b+ dendritic cells. Additionally, ZIKV-infected pregnant mice had lower frequencies of CD45+ IL-12+ and CD11b+ IL-12+ cells in the uterus and spleen. Next, we measured the frequencies of Ag-experienced CD4 (CD4+ CD11a+ CD49d+) and CD8 (CD8lo CD11ahi) T cells at day 10 postinfection to determine the impact of pregnancy-associated changes in innate cellular IL-12 responses on the adaptive immune response. We found that pregnant mice had lower frequencies of uterine Ag-experienced CD4 T cells and ZIKV-infected pregnant mice had lower frequencies of uterine Ag-experienced CD8 T cells compared with ZIKV-infected nonpregnant mice. These data show that pregnancy results in altered innate and adaptive immune responses to ZIKV infection in the reproductive tract of mice and that pregnancy-associated immune modulation may play an important role in the severity of acute ZIKV infection.
Prevalence of Oral Anomalies in Schoolchildren Between the Age Group of 5 and 14 Years of Vadodara District
Authors: Shah Shreyas N , Patel Uday , Patel Falguni , Chauhan Girish , Shah Vandana , Srivastava Himanshu 
Published: October 2020

Introduction:
Anomalies of the oral and dental structures can be isolated or represent a manifestation of a general disorder or a syndrome. Oral anomalies may lead to functional and aesthetic disorders, and their recognition contributes to early diagnosis and treatment planning. Hence, their recognition is of great significance for a timely and accurate diagnosis. Hence, the present study aimed to know the prevalence of oral anomalies in school-going children.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to know the prevalence of oral anomalies in schoolchildren between the age group of 5 and 14 years located in Vadodara city.

Methodology:
The study was comprised of 7533 schoolchildren (male – 4211 and female – 3322) aged between 5 years and 14 years. All of the study participants underwent an oral screening examination for oral health and developmental anomalies.

Results:
Out of 7533 children, 65 (42 – male and 22 – female) had oral anomalies, with a prevalence of 0.86%. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth and fusion was 0.37% and 0.07%, respectively. Ankyloglossia showed an equal frequency in both sexes, with a prevalence value of 0.02%. The prevalence value of 0.10% and 0.06% was noted in talon's cusp and cleft lip and palate, respectively. With 0.03% prevalence, microdontia showed an equal sex predilection. With a prevalence value of 0.01%, the least common anomalies found here were geographic tongue, microdontia and temporomandibular joint ankylosis.

Conclusion:
Oral anomalies occur with different frequencies in many countries of the world amongst different ethnic or regional groups. Early identification of these anomalies is noteworthy in planning comprehensive management of the young child.
Per dies singulos, singulis vini potionibus sustentetur
Authors: Cavero Domínguez Gregoria 
Published: October 2020

El vino forma parte de la cultura mediterránea, tanto en ámbitos religiosos como curativos y, por supuesto, es base de la dieta alimenticia. Su uso se detecta en las civilizaciones antiguas y en los libros sagrados, especialmente en la Biblia.
En el monacato visigodo aparece regulado su uso en las normativas reglares, que siguen la dinámica de normativas anteriores, especialmente la regla de san Benito y su precursora, la regla del Maestro. Se utilizaba en la dieta de los monjes, en la liturgia, en la enfermería y en la hospedería. Tal como recogen dichos textos normativos, se regulaba también la penalización por su abuso en la vida cotidiana. Sería el monacato medieval el que contribuyera decisivamente a la cultura del vino.
Identification, determine and control of health, safety, and environmental hazards associated with the construction projects: State-Of-The-Art
Authors: Zehro Khosro 
Published: October 2020

The industry of construction is considered a strong economic factor and one of the most dangerous industries. This industry involves a wide range of activities that subject all employees from experts to non-skilled workers to intense undesired situations. Everybody is vulnerable to the hazards, risks, and dangers of this massive industry. Insufficient health and safety management, damage to construction, and constructed environments can also lead to increased accidents and injuries. Accidents not only have consequences of significant suffering and pain, but they are also marginalizing efficiency, time, productivity, negatively impact the environment and overall adding the construction costs. The results of the study will help to identify the essential factors that cause rising rates of risks in construction projects. By identifying these causes, emphasis on environmental, health and safety management will help in implementing awareness to all of those participating in the construction projects. This study demonstrates the criteria and guidelines for the identification, to determine the controlling environmental effects and health and safety hazards at construction project worksites. Furthermore, attempt to explain the techniques of decreasing hazards by the development of pre-construction planning and provide adequate controlling equipment for executing a safer, more profitable construction project from start to the end. Also, in the study suggestions are given for management that they must provide adequate health and safety training for the entire workforce, a supervised workplace by professional site safety managers and operators that will attempt to reduce health and safety hazards at sites.
PENGARUH DAN PERANAN KYAI DALAM MENGAWAL KERUKUNAN UMAT BERAGAMA DI KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Hidayatulloh Ujang 
Published: October 2020

Peran Kyai dalam hal sosial keagamaan dan kemasyarakatan sebagian mulai ditinggalkan, karena tergeser dengan pengaruh budaya asing yang tanpa sadar memaksa diikuti, padahal banyak peranan Kyai memiliki nilai-nilai istimewa yang terkandung di dalamnya. Begitu juga Peranan Kiai khususnya di Kota Tasikmalaya sejak berdirinya pemerintahan Kota Tasikmalaya sampai sekarang tidak terlepas dari peranan dan pengaruhnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peranan dan pengaruh Kyai di Kota Tasikmalaya antara lain : 1) Peranan dari Kiai dalam mengawal kerukunan hidup beragama dan hidup bermasyarakat. 2) Faktor pendukung dan penghambat Kyai dalam mengawal kerukunan hidup beragama dan masyarakat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subyek penelitian ini adalah Kyai, Pesanteren dan Masyarakat yang berdomisili di Kota Tasikmalaya. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik yang digunakan dalam analisis data adalah reduksi data, display data dan pengambilan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Peranan dan pengaruh Kyai dalam mengawal dan memjaga kerukunan hidup beragama dan masyarakat, sebagai tokoh agama, pengelola, elite politik, motivator dan penyedia fasilitas layanan belajar. 2) Faktor pendukung Kyai dalam menjaga kerukunan hidup beragama dan bermasyarakat adalah penerimaan dan kepercayaan dari Masyarakat akan keberadaan Kyai serta adanya dana baik hibah maupun bantuan yang tidak mengikat untuk penyelenggaraan program; sedangkan faktor penghambat adalah kurangnya kepercayaan dari masyarakat dan minusnya perhatian pemerintah.
Statistical Arbitrage: Profits through Pairs Trading
Authors: Gupta Saloni 
Published: October 2020

Statistical arbitrage is a popular device among hedge fund managers and assets management professionals. It refers to simultaneous buying and selling two different capital assets to earn super-normal profit. By identifying persistent anomalies that violate the efficient market hypothesis, statistical methods can be used to create a trading strategy to generate profit with high probability. A pair trading is one such trading strategy which is based on statistical arbitrage process. Pairs trading can be simple in concept, but can be one of the most complex types of trading in practice. The starting point of this strategy is that stocks that have historically had the same trading patters will have so in future as well. If there is a deviation from the historical mean this creates a trading opportunity, which can be exploited. Gains are earned when the price relationship is resorted. The basic premise of this strategy is that stock prices follow a mean reverting process. The objective of this paper is to identify arbitrage opportunities and calculating profits earned through these opportunities by using statistical tools.
Many questions need to be answered before one can implement such strategy viz. which pair of stocks should be traded, how much do we buy/sell of each stock, how to catch the signal of an opportunity (i.e opening a position) and when to close the position so that profit could be earned. In this paper we have taken daily closing prices from 1/1/2010 to 1/1/2011 of thirty scrips of BSE-Sensex to form pairs. Pairs are formed on the basis of minimum distances between two stocks. We have decided not to invest anything. That is, purchase the same rupee amount of the long stock as we sell of the short stock so that strategy is self-financing. We open a position when the absolute value of the difference gets larger than two of its historical standardization. To unwind the position, we wait until the first time it crosses zero. To calculate the profit/loss of this strategy, we have used “R-Software”. It is observed that profit could be earned through pairs trading if it is applied without losing patience. By identifying persistent anomalies that violate the efficient market hypothesis, statistical methods can be used to create a trading strategy to generate profit with high probability.
Social Audit of MG NREGAs in Himachal Pradesh: Methodologies and Challenges
Authors: Bansal Rajeev , Gnanadev Neema 
Published: October 2020

The paper aims to investigate the methodologies of conducting social audits under MG NREGS in selected districts of Himachal Pradesh. The paper focus on the significant issues including the difficulties in following social audit process, effectiveness of existing social audit methodology i.e. mechanism to undertake social audit in MG NREGS.; the paper examines the four dimensions viz. Process of Social Audit, Organising Gram Sabha, and Transparency followed in Social Audit Process and Supervision of Implemented works. The role played by three different institutions which facilitated and supported the gram panchayats on social audits. The demand and supply analysis has been done through the view point of MG NREGS workers and non workers from demand side panchayat officials has been obtained from supply side, to reach reasonable conclusions. The article makes logical recommendations for devising a methodology for effective social audit in MG NREGS in HP based on the analysis and findings of the primary data collected.
Existence results on nonlinear fractional differential inclusions
Authors: Mohammadi Hakimeh 
Published: October 2020

‎In this paper‎, ‎we study the existence of solution for a boundary value problem of nonlinear fractional differential inclusion of order $\alpha\in(0,1)$ with initial boundary value problems (BVP for short) and the standard Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative‎. ‎Our approach is based on the topological transversality method in fixed point theory‎. ‎we use a powerful method due to Granas to prove the existnce of solution to BVP‎ . ‎Granas method is commonly as topological transversality and relies on the idea of an essential map‎. ‎The method has been highly useful proving existence of solutions for initial and boundary value problem for integer order differential equations‎.
Crazy Ex-Girlfriend and the Trajectories of Mental Illness in Musicals
Authors: Knapp Zelda , Knapp Raymond 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the four-season musical television series Crazy Ex-Girlfriend, mental illness—as in real life—is insidious, lurking in plain sight, hidden only by our willingness to be distracted by the hilarity of the series’ deftly rendered musical numbers, which continually project dark subjects through a camp lens. While Crazy Ex-Girlfriend borrows from earlier musicals dealing with mental illness (Lady in the Dark, Anyone Can Whistle, Man of La Mancha, next to normal) by giving “crazy” a musical voice, it avoids some of the pitfalls of these models, gesturing toward but then denying easy resolutions and idealization. Rather, the series uses its extended scale to consider a fuller spectrum of “crazy,” relishing the musical number’s capacity to play both sides of the crazy-inspirational divide while allowing the trajectories of mental illness to emerge more fully than in a stage musical.
Kosloski’s Kashub Commodities? Authenticity and Value Creation in Wilno Furniture
Authors: Blank Joshua C. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We often attach value to the ephemera and objects we collect, especially if there are personal connections or nostalgic importance attached to the items. Over time, some items in a collection become more valuable and desirable than others. Among Canadian antique collectors, one such object of desire is a late nineteenth-century blanket box. Made by a few craftsmen who came from Prussian-occupied Poland and settled near the small hamlet of Wilno, Ontario, Canada, these boxes were originally valued for their function. But many surviving ones were scooped up in the 1960s and 1970s by pickers. Subsequently, they were featured prominently in books, magazines, and antique auctions, and their value increased dramatically. To unpack the life history of and value associated with the Wilno blanket box, this article utilizes an object biography approach. It seeks out transnational connections to Europe and analyzes the object in the physical, technical, economic, and social realms. It also shows how interactions between objects and people contribute to value creation.
Stress Resistance of Personality in the Conditions of Development of Professional Activity
Authors: Khayrutdinov Ramil Ravilovich , Mukhametzyanova Flera Gabdulbarovna , Bashkireva Tatyana Valentinovna , Bashkireva Anastasia Victorovna , Morozov Alexander Vladimirovich 
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the problem of stress resistance of a person in the context of the development of professional activities, for example, students during the examination session. Under the concept of resistance to stress, the biological and psychological characteristics of a living organism considered, allowing it to remain stable under the influence of various factors of the external and internal environment. This concept considered as an integral property of a person necessary for the adaptation of an individual to the influence of environmental factors and professional activity manifested in mental and psychological indicators. The results of the study showed that stress resistance, as a necessary condition for the successful social and psychological adaptation of a person to mastering professional activities in the aspect of synergetic. Accordingly, it is actually predicting professional health and professional longevity of the personality of men and women in connection with an increase in the retirement age as a global social problem.
Problems of fulfillment of obligations of a bankrupt debtor by a third party in the framework of bankruptcy procedures of an individual
Authors: Bolotov Maksim Viktorovich 
Published: October 2020

This article is devoted to the problem of fulfilling the obligations of a bankrupt debtor by a third party in the framework of bankruptcy procedures of an individual and the possibility of applying the rules provided for debtors вЂ“ legal entities. The question of the need to observe not only a certain sequence of actions of a third party, an arbitration manager and a court, but also the study of such additional issues as confirmation of the source of funds. When studying the issue, an analytical research method was used, which is expressed in the analysis of judicial practice. The choice of this particular research method is dictated, firstly, by the need to obtain information about law enforcement and, secondly, by the lack of research on this issue. В Every year there are more cases of bankruptcy of individuals, in this regard, there is an increasing need to apply the rules on the performance of obligations by a third party for the debtor. Within the framework of the institution of bankruptcy of individuals, there are no such norms, but law enforcement practice demonstrates the need for norms on repayment of creditors' claims by a third party as part of debt restructuring procedures and the sale of a citizen's property. The rules provided for in Articles 113 and 125 of the Bankruptcy Law may be applied when resolving the issue of repayment of creditors' claims of a debtor вЂ“ an individual by a third party. At the same time, in addition to observing the formal procedure for repayment of claims, it is necessary to investigate the issue of the source of funds from a third party.