bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lateral Load Distribution for Hollow Slab Bridge: Field Test Investigation
Authors: Zhao Yu , Cao Xiaozhe , Zhou Yongjun , Wang Gangqiang , Tian Ruixin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDistribution factors (DFs) for one typical cross-section as specified in the AASHTO LRFD specification can be varied when the bridge parameters such as span length, loading lanes and skew are changed. The diversity between design and actual DFs may be varied as the bridge parameters changed. To study this diversity, this paper presents an evaluation of lateral load DFs for prefabricated hollow slab bridges. The response of the bridge was recorded during the field test. This field test was divided into two stages: a concentrated force loading test on the prefabricated girder that settled on the bridge supports before the girders were connected transversely and a vehicle loading test after the girders were connected transversely. The instruments used to record the response of the bridge were strain gauges and dial indicators. The measured data in the multi-stages of the field test could be used to calibrate the support condition of the bridge and transverse connection between adjacent girders in the finite element model (FEM) using beam and plate elements. From the FEM, DFs for this hollow slab bridge were determined and compared with the DFs in the AASHTO LRFD specification. A parametric study using the calibrated FEM was then used to investigate the effect of various parameters including span length, skew and bridge deck thickness on the DFs. It was found that AASHTO LRFD specification is conservative compared with the analysis in the FEM, while this conservatism decreased as the span length and skew of the hollow slab bridge increased.
Association of abdominal fat with metabolic syndrome components in overweight women: effect of menopausal status
Authors: Numao Shigeharu , Katayama Yasutomi , Nakata Yoshio , Matsuo Tomoaki , Nakagaichi Masaki , Tanaka Kiyoji 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe association between abdominal fat distribution and metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) components by menopausal status has yet to be explicated. The purpose of this study was to examine a cross-sectional association between abdominal fat compartments and MetSyn components in pre- and post-menopausal overweight Japanese women.MethodsOf 212 overweight Japanese women, 76 pre-menopausal overweight (BMI ≥ 25) women (PreM age, 42.1 ± 5.9 years) and 87 post-menopausal overweight women (PostM: age, 56.2 ± 4.5 years) were analyzed in this study. Measurements were taken for body mass index (BMI), abdominal compartments [visceral fat (VF), subcutaneous fat (SF), superficial subcutaneous fat (SSF), and deep subcutaneous fat (DSF)], serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG). Abdominal compartments were assessed using computed tomography.ResultsNo significant differences were found for BMI, SF, SSF, or DSF between the PreM and PostM. Despite this, the PreM had a significantly smaller VF area than that of the PostM. However, the difference in VF area disappeared when age was adjusted for. VFA significantly correlated with HDLC, TG, and FPG independently of menopause status.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the effect of menopause status on the association between VF and MetSyn components is negligible. Abdominal subcutaneous fat compartments were not associated with MetSyn components in overweight women regardless of menopausal status.
Pre-pubertal bipolar disorder: origins and current status of the controversy
Authors: Duffy A. , Carlson G. , Dubicka B. , Hillegers M. H. J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Evidence from epidemiological, clinical and high-risk studies has established that the peak period of risk for onset of bipolar disorder spans late adolescence and early adulthood. However, the proposal of the existence of a pre-pubertal form of bipolar disorder manifesting in early childhood created substantial debate. In this narrative review, the literature and contributing factors pertaining to the controversy surrounding the proposed pre-pubertal bipolar disorder subtype are discussed. The resolution of the debate and lessons learned are highlighted.

Main body
In the mid 1990s US researchers proposed that chronic irritability and explosive temper in pre-pubertal children with pre-existing ADHD and/or other learning and developmental disorders might represent a variant of mania. A number of factors contributed to this proposal including severely ill children with no diagnostic home given changes in the ADHD DSM diagnostic criteria and over-reliance on symptoms and structured interviews rather than on a clinical assessment incorporating developmental history, social context and clinical course. Prospective studies of children at high familial risk did not support the proposed pre-pubertal bipolar phenotype; but rather provided convergent evidence that bipolar disorder onset in adolescence and early adulthood not uncommonly preceded by sleep and internalizing symptoms and most often debuting as depression in adolescence (after puberty). Epidemiological studies of population and hospital discharge data provided evidence that the pre-pubertal bipolar phenotype was largely a US driven phenomenon.

Conclusions
Psychiatric diagnosis is particularly challenging given the current lack of objective biomarkers. However, validity and utility of clinical diagnoses can be strengthened if all available predictive information is used to formulate a diagnosis. As in other areas of medicine, critical information required to make a valid diagnosis includes developmental history, clinical course, family history and treatment response—weighed against the known trajectories of classical disorders. Moreover, given that psychiatric disorders are in evolution over childhood and adolescence and symptoms, in of themselves, are often non-specific, a thorough clinical assessment incorporating collateral history and psychosocial context is paramount. Such an approach might have avoided or at least brought a more timely resolution to the debate on pre-pubertal mania.
Absolute quantification of terpenes in conifer-derived essential oils and their antibacterial activity
Authors: Allenspach Martina Delia , Valder Claudia , Steuer Christian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA simple, robust, and precise method for the absolute quantification of the terpenes α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, 3-carene, limonene, bornyl acetate, β-caryophyllene, and borneol was developed using gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and validated according to the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. The GC-FID method shows high accuracy (91–105%) and low imprecision (< 7.6%) for all terpenes at quality control (QC) low, medium, and high level. The curves are linear with strong correlation (R2 ≥ 0.999) for all terpenes. Additionally, the relative response factor (RRF) for each terpene is calculated. The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD, LOQ, stability tests, and carry-over. The method was successfully applied to quantify the selected terpenes in conifer-derived essential oils (CEOs). The total amount of terpenes ranged from 6.3 to 11.8 mM. Additionally, the CEOs were screened in vitro for the antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus using the broth microdilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). All the CEOs showed antibacterial activity in the concentration from 0.3 to 50 μg/mL (S. aureus) and 1.2 to 50 μg/mL (E. coli), respectively. CEO14 showed the most effective antibacterial activity of the entire tested CEOs (MIC values 0.3 μg/mL (S. aureus); 1.2 μg/mL (E. coli)). Our results suggest that the terpenoid profile should be considered for a comprehensive evaluation of the antibacterial activity, as none of the single compounds seems to be fully responsible for antibacterial activity.
Presacral lymph node recurrence of rectal intramucosal adenocarcinoma after endoscopic mucosal resection: a case report
Authors: Horino Taichi , Hiyoshi Yukiharu , Miyamoto Yuji , Yoshida Naoya , Baba Hideo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
The recurrence of endoscopically resected intramucosal colorectal cancer (CRC) is quite rare, and data regarding metastasis in intramucosal tumors are still lacking. We herein report a case of presacral lymph node recurrence of intramucosal rectal cancer after curative endoscopic resection.

Case presentation
A 53-year-old man underwent endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for rectal intramucosal adenocarcinoma. Thirty-nine months after the procedure, follow-up computed tomography (CT) revealed a swollen anterior sacral lymph node with an abnormal fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography (PET). He underwent laparoscopic low anterior resection (LAR) and was discharged on postoperative day 11 without any complications. The pathological examination confirmed solitary lymph node metastasis (moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma) without a residual tumor in the rectal epithelium. We diagnosed him with lymph node metastasis of rectal cancer. Pathological examination of the resected lymph node confirmed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. He has not experienced any re-recurrence in the 6 months since surgery.

Conclusions
This is a rare case of local lymph node recurrence of intramucosal rectal cancer after successful EMR that was salvaged with surgery. Surveillance after successful endoscopic resection of rectal cancer using both endoscopy and CT is necessary.
Coexisting schwannoma of the gallbladder and sarcoidosis: a case report
Authors: Tajiri Takuya , Hayashi Hiromitsu , Higashi Takaaki , Yamao Takanobu , Takematsu Toru , Uemura Norio , Yamamura Kensuke , Imai Katsunori , Yamashita Yo-ichi , Baba Hideo 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Schwannomas originate from Schwann cells, which are constituents of peripheral nerve sheaths, and can occur anywhere in the body at any age. Most occur in soft tissues such as subcutaneous tissues and muscles, occurrence in the abdominal cavity being relatively rare. In particular, schwannomas of the gallbladder are extremely rare. We herein report a rare case of a schwannoma that coexisted with systemic sarcoidosis and presented as a steroid-resistant mass in the gallbladder wall.

Case presentation
A 40-year-old woman was found to have thickening of the gallbladder wall during a routine medical examination and was referred to our hospital, where she was found to have granular shadows in the lungs; mediastinal, cervical, intraperitoneal, and inguinal lymphadenopathy; parotid gland enlargement; and an erythematous skin rash. She was diagnosed as having systemic sarcoidosis by transbronchial lung biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage. All her systemic mass lesions except for the one in the gallbladder resolved or became smaller with steroid treatment. The steroid-resistant gallbladder lesion showed enhancement on contrast-enhanced computed tomography and was shown by endoscopic ultrasonography to be a 30-mm-diameter gallbladder wall lesion. We performed laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which resulted in diagnosis of the steroid-resistant tumor as a schwannoma. Five months after surgery, the patient’s prednisolone dosage had been gradually reduced to 5 mg/day and she was doing well with no evidence of recurrence.

Conclusion
Resection of a steroid-resistant tumor resulted in diagnosis of schwannoma, enabling reduction in the patient’s steroid dosage for sarcoidosis.
Profil Pertukaran Ion Zeolit Cikalong Termodifikasi-Na pada Pengambilan Ion Cu2+ dari Larutannya
Authors: Widodo Didik Setiyo , Sugiharto Eko , Wahyuni Endang Tri 
Published: April 2020

Telah dilakukan pengujian pertukaran kation Na+ pada zeolit alam termodifikasi terhadap ion Cu2+ dalam larutan. Kajian dilakukan dengan cara mempertukarkan ion Na+ dalam zeolit dengan ion Cu2+ dengan cara batch. Dipelajari juga pengaruh keberadaan ion Mn2+dan Ni2+ terhadap kemampuan zeolit dalam mengambil Iogam tersebut. Konsentrasi ion-ion logam sebelum dan sesudah analisis ditentukan dengan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom. Data penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zeolit alam asal Cikalong yang telah dimodifikasi memiliki kemampuan dalam mengambil ion logam Cu dan kapasitas ini mengindikasikan karakter zeolit yang selektif terhadap ion yang diujikan. Keberadaan ion logam lain dalam larutan sampel tidak mempengaruhi selektivitas tersebut kecuali hanya menurunkan jumlah ion logam yang terambil. Na-zeolit mampu mempertukarkan kation Cu2+ sampai 60,36% dalam keadaan sendiri dan 39,34% dalam keadaan bersama kation logam lain selama pertukaran.
Lifestyles of Intellectually Disabled Adults
Authors: Bąbka Jarosław 
Published: April 2020

Jarosław Bąbka, Lifestyles of Intellectually Disabled Adults. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 26, Poznań 2019. Pp. 217–235. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. e-ISSN 2658-283X. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.14746/ikps.2019.26.10
The purpose of the paper is to show lifestyles of intellectually handicapped adults in the context of the Andrzej Siciński concept. The paper presents the results of research carried out following the interpretive trend, in the hermeneutic-phenomenological perspective, using the dialogue method. The study shows that the disabled manifest habits indicating a blocked, withdrawal as well as a here-and-now-oriented style. The analysed persons exhibited a searching style only in a small extent. There were no statements indicating a change-oriented style. The respondents adapted passively to the conditions of their lives, they were reluctant to speak about the future and about the need to change something in their own lives. The analysis and interpretation of the research results revealed three incompatible areas: (1) culture patterns (the way of thinking, norms of functioning in a particular community), (2) resources of their environment, and (3) resources of an individual, which explains why the lifestyles of intellectually handicapped people analysed in the study were oriented towards passive adaptation rather than to development and changes.
My adult son, my adult daughter – reflections of mothers of children with profound intellectual disabilities
Authors: Aksamit Diana , Marcinkowska Barbara 
Published: April 2020

Diana Aksamit, Barbara Marcinkowska, My adult son, my adult daughter – reflec-tions of mothers of children with profound intellectual disabilities. Interdisciplinary Contexts of Special Pedagogy, no. 26, Poznań 2019. Pp. 255–269. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. ISSN 2300-391X. e-ISSN 2658-283X. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2019.26.12
Everyone has the right to participate in society, regardless of his or her current personal situation, level of psychosocial functioning or experience. No reason can justify marginalisation or exclusion of people from social life at any stage of their lives. The aim of the article is an attempt to characterise the adulthood of people with profound intellectual disabilities on the basis of subjective assessment of their mothers. The methodology applied was that of a qualitative research, where the main research technique was narrative interviews. The results of the research demonstrate that adulthood is the stage of life when people with profound intellectual disabilities and their caregivers require special support in mental, spiritual, social, societal and educational dimensions.
Selected Problems of Generating Apposition Groups in Old Polish
Authors: Zbróg Piotr 
Published: April 2020

The subject of interest in this chapter is the concepts of creating apposition groups that appear in the literature on the subject, e.g. zbawiciel Jesus, dziewica Maryja, matka jego, słudze Bryjidzie. Opposing theories on this topic indicated on the one hand that apposition was an element added to the parent unit, and on the other hand, that apposition was the effect of transforming the deep structure into surface constructs. These approaches were, usually intuitive, reflected by language courts describing the title expressions since the beginning of the 19th century. In this study, they were traced and proved the dominance of opinions about the syntactic starting point in the derivative of apposition. In addition, other aspects of the characteristics of the groups of positions are discussed, placing them in the basic dichotomy of the derivation of positions.
Glomerular Filtration Rate, its Association with Risk Factors and Cardiovascular Diseases. The Results of the ESSE-RF-2 Study
Authors: Shalnova S. A. , Maksimov S. A. , Balanova Yu. A. , Evstifeeva S. E. , Imaeva A. E. , Kapustina A. V. , Muromtseva G. A. , Tarasov V. I. , Viktorova I. A. , Redko A. N. , Prishchepa N. N. , Yakushin S. S. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: April 2020

Aim. To study the influence of social determinants on the frequency of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) categories of various levels, as well as associations with a number of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cardiovascular risk factors among the population of four Russian regions included in the ESSE-RF-2.Material and methods. The study was performed as part of a multicenter epidemiological study “Epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases in the regions of the Russian Federation. The second study (ESSE-RF-2)”. In total, 6681 people 25-64 years old from 4 regions of Russian Federation were included in the analysis. The CKD-EPI formula was used to calculate GFR by blood creatinine level. Groups with normal GFR (≥90 ml/min/1.73 m²), with an initial decrease in GFR (<90 ml/min/1.73 m²), and with a decrease in GFR (<60 ml/min/1.73 m²) were distinguished for statistical analysis. Generalized linear/nonlinear analysis (GLM) was used for multivariate assessment and adjustment of results to socio-demographic characteristics.Results. The average GFR level in the total sample was 97.8±16.6 ml/min/1.73 m2 ; 29.0% of individuals had an initial decrease in GFR, 1.6% had a reduced GFR. Age was significantly associated with GFR. A statistically significant association with an initial decrease in GFR was found for: hypercholesterolemia (odds ratio [OR] 1.22; 95% clearance interval [95%CI] 1.14-1.30), hypertriglyceridemia (OR 1.09; 95%CI 1.02-1.17), hyperuricemia (OR 1.51; 95%CI 1.39-1.63), no smoking (OR 0.79; 95%CI 0.73-0.85), history of kidney disease (OR 1.13; 95%CI 1.04-1.22). A more pronounced decrease in GFR was associated with the following factors and diseases: arterial hypertension (OR 1.48; 95%CI 1.07-2.05), low level of high-density lipoproteins (OR 1.36; 95%CI 1.04-1.79), hypertriglyceridemia (OR 1.37; 95%CI 1.08-1.76), hyperuricemia (OR 2.49; 95%CI 1.97-3.16), hyperglycemia (OR 1.35; 95%CI 1.01-1.80), a history of myocardial infarction (OR 1.63; 95%CI 1.13-2.36) and kidney disease (OR 1.50; 95%CI 1.16-1.93).Conclusion. The results of the study indicate a greater number of factors and diseases associated with low GFR compared with the initial decrease, which emphasizes the need for early detection of signs of chronic kidney disease, especially in the elderly, in people with metabolic syndrome, hypertension or diabetes mellitus, as well as a history of kidney disease.
Study the Effect of Cold Plasma on the Nonlinear Properties of Polymeric Membranes Rod Amine (R3Go)
Authors: Et al. Keta 
Published: April 2020

The nonlinear optical properties for polymeric (PMMA) doping with dye Rhodmine (R3Go) has been studied .The samples are prepared by normal polymerization method with concentrations of 5x10-5mol/l and a thickness of 272.5µm.
Plasma effect was studied on samples prepared before and after exposure to the Nd: YAG laser for three times 5, 10 and 15 minutes. Z-Scan technique is used to determine the nonlinear optical properties such as; refractive index (n2) and the coefficient of nonlinear absorption (β). It was found that the nonlinear properties is change by increasing of plasma exposure time, this result gives good indication about the effect of plasma on the internal structure of the polymer.
Proteoglycan-4 Regulates Fibroblast to Myofibroblast Transition and Expression of Fibrotic Genes in the Synovium
Authors: Qadri Marwa , Jay Gregory D. , Zhang Ling X. , Richendrfer Holly , Schmidt Tannin A. , Elsaid Khaled Ahmed 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Synovial tissue fibrosis is common in advanced OA with features including the presence of stress fiber-positive myofibroblasts and deposition of cross-linked collagen type-I. Proteoglycan-4 (PRG4) is a mucinous glycoprotein secreted by synovial fibroblasts and is a major component of synovial fluid. PRG4 is a ligand of the CD44 receptor. Our objective was to examine the role of PRG4-CD44 interaction in regulating synovial tissue fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Methods: OA synoviocytes were treated with TGF-β ± PRG4 for 24 hours and α-SMA content was determined using immunofluorescence. Rhodamine labeled rhPRG4 was incubated with OA synoviocytes ± anti-CD44 or isotype control antibodies and cellular uptake of rhPRG4 was determined following a 30-min incubation and a-SMA expression following a 24-hour incubation. HEK-TGF-β cells were treated with TGF-β ± rhPRG4 and Smad3 phosphorylation was determined using immunofluorescence and TGF-β/Smad pathway activation was determined colorimetrically. We probed for stress fibers and focal adhesions (FAs) in TGF-β treated murine fibroblasts and fibroblast migration was quantified ± rhPRG4. Synovial expression of fibrotic markers: α-SMA, collagen type-I and PLOD2 in Prg4 gene trap (Prg4GT) and recombined Prg4GTR animals was studied at 2 and 9 months of age. Synovial expression of α-SMA and PLOD2 was determined in 2-months old Prg4GT/GT&Cd44-/- and Prg4GTR/GTR&Cd44-/- animals. Results: PRG4 reduced α-SMA content in OA synoviocytes (p<0.001). rhPRG4 was internalized by OA synoviocytes via CD44 and CD44 neutralization attenuated rhPRG4’s antifibrotic effect (p<0.05). rhPRG4 reduced pSmad3 signal in HEK-TGF-β cells (p<0.001) and TGF-β/Smad pathway activation (p<0.001). rhPRG4 reduced the number of stress fiber-positive myofibroblasts, FAs mean size, and cell migration in TGF-β treated NIH3T3 fibroblasts (p<0.05). rhPRG4 inhibited fibroblast migration in a macrophage and fibroblast co-culture model without altering active or total TGF-β levels. Synovial tissues of 9-months old Prg4GT/GT animals had higher α-SMA, collagen type-I and PLOD2 (p<0.001) content and Prg4 re-expression reduced these markers (p<0.01). Prg4 re-expression also reduced α-SMA and PLOD2 staining in CD44-deficient mice. Conclusion: PRG4 is an endogenous antifibrotic modulator in the joint and its effect on myofibroblast formation is partially mediated by CD44, but CD44 is not required to demonstrate an antifibrotic effect in vivo.