bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Power energy distribution and consumption in Nigeria: The way forward for sustainable industrial and commercial development
Authors: Okpare A.O. , Okreghe C. O. 
Published: September 2020

The wasteful, non-efficient way and manner in which the small, available power energy in Nigeria is distributed and consumed especially by residential consumers, is such that it cannot grow the country sustainably. The result is that Nigeria will continue to remain a developing economy with the associated features. This paper examines the current electricity distribution and consumption scenario in Nigeria and also discusses the myriads of problems associated with the distribution and consumption of power energy in the country. Available data and findings presented in this paper show that distribution of electricity is bedeviled with high losses and is corruption ridden while consumption is wasteful and non-efficient. The paper makes some suggestions on the way forward for Nigeria to grow sustainably. The paper concludes that unless the current electricity distribution and consumption patterns are reversed and re-patterned, industrial and commercial advancement will continue to elude the nation. The paper recommends the way forward on how to re-position the power energy sub sector of the economy so as to achieve sustainable national development.
Keywords: Power energy; Power energy consumption; industrial and commercial development; Sustainable national development; Renewable electricity
Aquifer characterization using vertical electrical sounding in Auchi polytechnic, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Babaiwa D.A. , Aigbogun C.O. , Umoru A.T. 
Published: September 2020

The Schlumberger array method was used to carry out a total of eight (8) Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) with a spread of 350 m in the study area. The Pasi 16-GL Terrameter was used to acquire the data. The data obtained were analyzed with the Winresist 1.0 software to obtain the curves of best fit to the theoretical models. The modeling program converted the apparent resistivity into true resistivity values in 1-D model curves. Five (5) to seven (7) layers were delineated which correspond to the topsoil, sandy clay, clayey sand, sand, dry sandstone and saturated sandstone. The depth to aquifer ranges from 95.0 to 169.6 m with resistivity values ranging from 324.3 to 1524.7 Ωm.
Keywords: Apparent resistivity, Aquifer, lithology and vertical electrical sounding.
Water infrastructure maintainability – issues and challenges in the coastal regions of Akwa Ibom State
Authors: Okon B.B. , Okon V.E. , Udom E. J. 
Published: September 2020

In this study, incessant collapse of water infrastructure along with shortage of water supply from public mains due to poor maintenance culture within the coastal areas of Akwa Ibom State are the key issues and challenges associated with the performance of water infrastructure in the area under consideration. These indices have been of great concern to building services engineers, estate managers and other stakeholders within the built environment. With the option of continuous (periodic) and practical maintenance culture as a panacea, effective water supply is guaranteed. This study has established better ways of tackling these problems (indicative risks) concerning maintainability of water infrastructure for optimum service delivery. Qualitative analyses were performed on air and water samples collected within the affected water infrastructure environment. In this case, concrete water stanchions (CWS) and steel water stanchions (SWS) along with the mechanical systems: submersible pumps, control valves performance were also evaluated to ascertain the level of environmental damages meted on the water works over a period of time upon commissioning and use. From the achievable tests, it is evident that the pH (-) results are higher in the investigated CWS than SWS except the turbidity results which are at par. These results have demonstrated that CWS is preferable to SWS for ease of periodic maintenance.
Keywords: Concrete stanchion, environment, maintenance, mechanical systems, steel stanchion
Tek Yıllık Bazı Baklagil Yem Bitkilerinin Verim ve Verim Unsurları İle Bazı Silaj Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Ferit YILDIRIM  , Nizamettin TURAN  
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışma, bazı tek yıllık baklagil yem bitkilerinin Siirt ili kuru şartlarında verim ve verim unsurları ile bazı silaj özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2018-2019 yetiştirme döneminde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, bitkisel materyal olarak 10 farklı baklagil yem bitkisi türü kullanılmıştır. Bunlar; Gap Pembesi (Yem bezelyesi), Doruk (Yaygın fiğ), Görkem (Koca fiğ), Tarm beyazı (Macar fiği), Efes-79 (Tüylü fiğ), Derya (İskenderiye üçgülü), Göryaka (Yem baklası), Gap mavisi (Mürdümük), Hat-8 (Burçak) ve Berkem (Çemen) türleridir. Tarla denemesi tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Araştırmada; Bitki boyu (cm), yeşil ot verimi (kg ha-1), kuru ot verimi (kg ha-1), kuru ot oranı, silaj pH değeri, laktik asit (LA) oranı, kuru madde tüketim (KMT) oranı, ham protein (HP) oranı, ham protein verimi (kg ha-1), ADF ve NDF oranı, sindirilebilir kuru madde (SKM) oranı, nispi yem değeri (NYD), silaj kuru madde (KM) oranı incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre; Ortalama bitki boyu 66.17 cm, yeşil ot verimi 29.530 kg ha-1, kuru ot verimi 7.281 kg ha-1, kuru ot oranı %24.39, silaj pH değeri 4.40, laktik asit oranı %1.89, kuru madde tüketimi %3.36, ham protein oranı %18.32, ham protein verimi 132.97 kg ha-1, ADF %27.89, NDF %35.81, SKM %67.17, NYD 174.96, silaj kuru madde %34.53 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Tüm sonuçlar göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, burçak ve fiğ türlerinin diğer türlere göre hem verim hem de kalite açısından daha üstün bulunmuştur.
Bases teóricas en la administración de los recursos humanos
Authors: Hernández Govea Luis Manuel , Martínez Prats Germán , Xiconténcatl Valencia Martha Libny 
Published: September 2020

Las organizaciones tienen características muy diferentes de cómo operar dentro del ámbito laboral, cómo seguir creciendo día con día y uno de los principales pilares es el factor humano en el que tienen una fortaleza muy importante para el éxito. La competencia entre lasorganizaciones y particularmente los avances tecnológicos han provocado cambios muy importantes, que se ven incluso en la forma de administrar las empresas, lo que ha empujado a estas últimas a tener asesores en su plantilla laboral que les ayuden en el área del comportamiento humano de su personal. La cultura de una organización incorpora sus valores, creencias y actitudes, y es la fuerza impulsora de esta conducta.
Este artículo expone aquellas posturas teóricas que permitan comprender el quehacer de la administración de los recursos humanos y su relación coyuntural con el clima organizacional para el buen manejo. Ofrece al administrador y al directivo organizacional una comprensión de la dinámica humana del trabajo y de la productividad de las personas, distinta de la visión que ofrecen los modelos prescriptivos gerencial eso las tradiciones empresariales y, por tanto, más ajustada al saber científico desarrollado en el contexto cultural del propio país y región.
Reliability and validity of the scale of labor welfare
Authors: Cervantes Rivera María Inés , Bermúdez Ruíz Gilberto , García Lirios Cruz 
Published: September 2020

The objective of this work was to establish the reliability and validity of an instrument that measures labor well-being, considering a review of the public literature from 2015 to 2019 in international repositories such as Copernicus, Dialnet, Ebsco, latindex, Publindex, Redalyc, Scielo, Scopus, WoS, Zenodo and Zotero. An exploratory, cross-sectional and correlational study was carried out with a sample of 245, considering its insertion in the labor market, as well as its participation in the system of professional practices and social service. Eight dimensions were established regarding satisfaction, capacity, trust, justice, timeliness, valuation and the environment that accounted for 81% of the total, variance, although the research design limited the findings to the research scenario.suggesting the extension of work towards other professional training scenarios.
GARCIA DE LA VEGA, Alfonso (org). Reflexiones sobre educación geográfica: revisión disciplinar e innovación didáctica. Madrid: Ediciones UAM, 2018.
Authors: Silva Sabota Heitor 
Published: September 2020

Esta obra, organizada pelo professor Alfonso Garcia de la Vega, da Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), reúne textos oriundos de diferentes investigações e experiências docentes que culminaram em contribuições no campo da Didática em Geografia. Os pesquisadores que participam desta edição fazem parte de dois importantes grupos dedicados as pesquisas, conhecidos por promoverem amplas investigações sobre o fortalecimento teórico-conceitual do ensino em Geografia na Espanha e na América Latina: o ‘Grupo de Didáctica de La Geografia de la AGE’ (Asociación de Geógrafos Espanholes) e a ‘Red Latinoamericana de Didáctica de la Geografía’ (RedLadGeo). Tais grupos são compostos por professores ligados a diferentes universidades espanholas e latino-americanas, que ao longo dos anos vem colaborando com robustas investigações sobre a importância do conhecimento geográfico na formação docente e dos alunos.
PENINGKATAN PEMAHAMAN NATURE OF SCIENCE (NOS) SISWA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING DITINJAU DARI TINGKAT EFIKASI DIRI
Authors: Lestari Hana 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
This study aims to (1) know comprehensively the increase in understanding of Nature of Science (NoS) groups of students who obtain guided inquiry learning models and groups of students who receive conventional learning, (2) analyze the criteria for increasing students' NoS understanding among students with self-efficacy levels. high and low. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a 2x2 factorial design. The data analysis technique used was two-way ANOVA with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the average increase in NOS understanding of students who were given a guided inquiry learning model of 72.6 performed better with the informed category (already knowing and understanding aspects in NOS) while students who received conventional learning were 49.67 included in the category. naïve category (not knowing and understanding aspects in NOS); (2) There is a significant difference in the improvement of students' understanding of NOS between students who get learning with guided inquiry learning models and conventional learning; (3) There is a significant difference in increasing understanding of NOS between students with high self-efficacy tendencies with low self-efficacy, and students with high self-efficacy tendencies are much better at understanding NOS than low self-efficacy; (4) There is an interaction effect between the learning model and the level of self-efficacy together on increasing students' NOS understanding; (5) There is a difference in the improvement of students' understanding of NOS in students who have a tendency towards high self-efficacy who obtain guided inquiry learning models and students who receive conventional learning (6) There are differences in the improvement of students' understanding of NOS in students who have low self-efficacy tendencies who receive guided inquiry learning models and students who receive conventional learning.
Keyword: Guided Inquiry, Self efficacy, Understanding NOS
Opening the Gates to Asia
Authors: Hong Jane H. 
Published: September 2020

Over the course of less than a century, the U.S. transformed from a nation that excluded Asians from immigration and citizenship to one that receives more immigrants from Asia than from anywhere else in the world. Yet questions of how that dramatic shift took place have long gone unanswered. In this first comprehensive history of Asian exclusion repeal, Jane H. Hong unearths the transpacific movement that successfully ended restrictions on Asian immigration.
The mid-twentieth century repeal of Asian exclusion, Hong shows, was part of the price of America’s postwar empire in Asia. The demands of U.S. empire-building during an era of decolonization created new opportunities for advocates from both the U.S. and Asia to lobby U.S. Congress for repeal. Drawing from sources in the United States, India, and the Philippines, Opening the Gates to Asia charts a movement more than twenty years in the making. Positioning repeal at the intersection of U.S. civil rights struggles and Asian decolonization, Hong raises thorny questions about the meanings of nation, independence, and citizenship on the global stage.
Investigation Into Open-Ended Fitness Landscape Through Evolutionary Logical Circuits
Authors: Suyama Masaki , Sato Kosuke 
Published: September 2020

Cumulative cultural evolution is what made humanity to thrive in various ecological and demographic environments. Solutions to the tasks that humans needed to solve could be mapped onto a task space which could take the form of either closed or open-ended fitness landscape, with the former being modeled more extensively than the latter in studies of cultural evolution. In this article, we modified a simulation by Arthur and Polak (2006) that modeled open-ended fitness landscape by using a computer simulation that builds logical circuits with circuits that were built in earlier trials. We used this simulation to clarify the nature of open-ended fitness landscape and to investigate whether the speed of accumulation of culture is increased by an increase in group size. The results indicated that group size increased the speed of accumulation but is limited than expected. Also, when two types of accumulation, invention and improvement, were distinguished the nature of the two differed. In improvement, the trajectory followed aconvex function with productivity of one agent decreasing as group size increased. In invention, the trajectory showed a continuous pattern of rapid increase followed by a plateau.
Novel Keeling-plot-based methods to estimate the isotopic composition of ambient water vapor
Authors: Yuan Yusen , Du Taisheng , Wang Honglang , Wang Lixin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The Keeling plot approach, a general method to identify the isotopic composition of source atmospheric CO2 and water vapor (i.e.,
evapotranspiration), has been widely used in terrestrial ecosystems. The isotopic composition of ambient water vapor (δa), an
important source of atmospheric water vapor, is not able to be estimated to date using the Keeling plot approach. Here we proposed two new methods
to estimate δa using the Keeling plots: one using an intersection point method and another relying on the intermediate value theorem. As the actual δa value was difficult to measure directly, we used two indirect approaches to validate our new
methods. First, we performed external vapor tracking using the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model to facilitate
explaining the variations of δa. The trajectory vapor origin results were consistent with the expectations of the
δa values estimated by these two methods. Second, regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between
δa values estimated from these two independent methods, and they are in strong agreement. This study provides an analytical
framework to estimate δa using existing facilities and provides important insights into the traditional Keeling plot approach by
showing (a) a possibility to calculate the proportion of evapotranspiration fluxes to total atmospheric vapor using the same instrumental setup for
the traditional Keeling plot investigations and (b) perspectives on the estimation of isotope composition of ambient CO2
(δa13C).
Review article: Hilbert problems for the climate sciences in the 21st century – 20 years later
Authors: Ghil Michael 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The scientific problems posed by the Earth's atmosphere, oceans,
cryosphere – along with the land surface and biota that interact with
them – are central to major socioeconomic and political concerns in
the 21st century. It is natural, therefore, that a certain impatience
should prevail in attempting to solve these problems. The point of a
review paper published in this journal in 2001 was that one should
proceed with all diligence but not excessive haste, namely “festina
lente”, i.e., “to hurry in a measured way”. The earlier paper traced
the necessary progress through the solutions of 10 problems, starting
with “What can we predict beyond 1 week, for how long, and by what
methods?” and ending with “Can we achieve enlightened climate
control of our planet by the end of the century?” A unified framework was proposed to deal with these problems in
succession, from the shortest to the longest timescale, i.e., from
weeks to centuries and millennia. The framework is that of dynamical
systems theory, with an emphasis on successive bifurcations and the
ergodic theory of nonlinear systems, on the one hand, and on pursuing
this approach across a hierarchy of climate models, from the simplest,
highly idealized ones to the most detailed ones. Here, we revisit
some of these problems, 20 years later,1 and extend the framework to coupled climate–economy modeling.
Extreme flow variability analysis at the Bianouan hydrometric station on the Bia River watershed in Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Kouassi Kan Martin , Yao Koffi Blaise , Kouassi Kouakou Lazare , Biemi Jean , Soro Nagnin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Extreme hydrological phenomena recurrence in West Africa in recent
decades is a problem in the anthropized watershed management. Link analysis
between extreme hydrological phenomena and climate variability is necessary
to guard against their consequences. However, qualitative data accessing
difficulties and explanatory variable definition of extremes hydrological
phenomena limit extreme flows rate studies. This study proposes the analysis
the variability of the floods and the low flows at the Bianouan hydrometric
station. Thus, five (5) floods characteristics variables (QCX5, QXJA, F90p,
F95p and F99p) and three (3) for, the low flows (VCN10, QJNA and F10p) were
extracted daily flows from the Bianouan hydrometric station from 1 January 1962 to 31 December 2005. The variability of these extremes has been
studied by the trend analysis (linear regression) and of the stationarity
(Pettitt and Hubert tests). The results show that for flood variables the
negative trend is very significant and ruptures are observed in 1980. For
low flow variables the negative trend is significant and the ruptures are
observed in 1981. From this study, we can deduce that the ruptures observed
in the rains and flows average in the end 1960s and early 1970s have
affected later the extreme flows around the 1980s.
Optimization of water quality evaluation method in Three Gorges Reservoir area under different hydrological conditions
Authors: Yuan Jing , Wang Jin-cheng , Qian Bao 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. In order to solve the problem of lack of unified evaluation criteria for water quality evaluation in the Three Gorges Reservoir under different hydrologic condition, hydraulic retention time and flow rate were calculated wih the hydrological data of 6 intact hydrological years after the 175 m impoundment in the Three Gorges Reservoir using the concept of segment capacity. Results indicate that the hydrological conditions of the Three Gorges Reservoir have obvious spatial and temporal differences. The whole river should be evaluated according to the river standard during the wet season. In the dry season, the upstream of Wanxian should be evaluated according to the river standards and the downstream of Wanxian should be evaluated according to lake standard. The tributary bay should be evaluated according to the lake standard. The conclusion obtained by this evaluation method is consistent with actual situation of the reservoir, providing a theoretical basis and technical support for the targeted protection of water environment in river-type reservoirs.
Changing climate and implications for water use in the Hetao Basin, Yellow River, China
Authors: White Ian , Xu Tingbao , Zeng Jicai , Yu Jian , Ma Xin , Yang Jinzhong , Huo Zailin , Chen Hang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Balancing water allocations in river basins between upstream irrigated agriculture and downstream cities, industry and environments is a global challenge. The effects of changing allocations are exemplified in the arid Hetao Irrigation District on the Yellow River, one of China's three largest irrigation districts. Amongst the many challenges there, the impact of changing climate on future irrigation water demand is an underlying concern. In this paper we analyse trends in local climate data from the late 1950s and consider the implications for irrigation in the Basin. Since 1958, daily minimum temperatures, Tmin in the Basin have increased at three times the rate of daily maximum temperatures, Tmax. Despite this, there has been no significant increases in annual precipitation, P or pan evaporation, Epan. The difference between the increasing trends in Tmax and Tmin means that the average annual diurnal temperature range, DTR, has decreased very significantly, part of a global phenomenon. Hargreaves empirical approach is used to estimate changes in both incoming solar radiation, Rs, and potential evaporation, ET0. Changes in estimated ET0 correlated well with changes in measured pan evaporation, Epan. Paradoxically, the estimated decreasing trend in Rs does not correspond to a significant decreasing trend in Epan. Implications of changing climate on water use and soil salinity in the Basin are discussed.
Caretaker Cabinets in Belgium
Authors: Dandoy Régis , Terrière Lorenzo 
Published: September 2020

Caretaker Cabinets in Belgium: A New Measurement and Typology
Belgium is probably the world’s best known case of where caretaker governments reside. Yet a clear scholarly definition and measurement of this concept is missing. Based on a detailed analysis of the Belgian federal cabinets, this research note explores the main characteristics and measures the length of the various caretaker periods. We find that Belgium was governed for no less than 1,485 days by a caretaker government between 2007 and 2020, which equals more than four full calendar years. This research note also presents a novel typology of caretaker periods based on the institutional and political practice within the Belgian legislative and executive branches. This typology can be used to assess caretaker periods at other levels of government as well as in other countries in order to improve our understanding of the many ‘faces’ that a caretaker government can take on.