bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteoarthritis physical activity care pathway (OA-PCP): results of a feasibility trial
Authors: Allen Kelli , Vu Maihan B. , Callahan Leigh F. , Cleveland Rebecca J. , Gilbert Abigail L. , Golightly Yvonne M. , Griesemer Ida , Grimm Kimberlea , Hales Derek P. , Hu David G. , Huffman Katie , Nelson Amanda E. , Pathak Ami , Rees Jennifer , Rethorn Zachary D. , Wandishin Anne E. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
To obtain information on feasibility and acceptability, as well as preliminary data on efficacy, of an Osteoarthritis Physical activity Care Pathway (OA-PCP).

Methods
This was a single group pilot study involving 60 participants with symptomatic, physician diagnosed knee or hip OA, recruited from primary care clinics. Participants self-reported completing less than 150 min per week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at baseline. The 3-month OA-PCP intervention involved 3 physical activity (PA) coaching calls (focused on goal setting), three check-in emails and linkage with community-based or online resources to support PA. Efficacy outcomes were collected at baseline and 4-month follow-up. The primary efficacy outcome was minutes of MVPA, assessed via accelerometer. Secondary outcomes included minutes of light intensity activity, sedentary minutes, step counts, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) pain and function subscales. Participants were also asked to rate the helpfulness of the OA-PCP intervention on a scale of 0–10. Differences in efficacy outcomes between baseline and 4-month follow-up were assessed using paired t-tests.

Results
Among participants beginning the study, 88% completed follow-up assessments and ≥ 90% completed each of the intervention calls. Average daily minutes of MVPA was 8.0 at baseline (standard deviation (SD) = 9.9) and 8.9 at follow-up (SD = 12.1, p = 0.515). There were no statistically significant changes in light intensity activity, sedentary time or step counts. The mean WOMAC pain score improved from 8.1 (SD = 3.6) at baseline to 6.2 (SD = 3.8) at follow-up (p < 0.001); the mean WOMAC function score improved from 26.2 (SD = 13.2) to 20.2 (SD = 12.5; p < 0.001). The mean rating of helpfulness was 7.6 (SD = 2.5).

Conclusions
Results supported the feasibility and acceptability of the study, and participants reported clinically relevant improvements in pain and function. PA metrics did not improve substantially. Based on these results and participant feedback, modifications including enhanced self-monitoring are being made to increase the impact of the OA-PCP intervention on PA behavior.

Trial registration
NCT03780400, December 19, 2018.
Low back pain among nurses working in clinical settings of Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis of 19 years of studies
Authors: Kasa Ayele Semachew , Workineh Yinager , Ayalew Emiru , Temesgen Worku Animaw 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundNurses in Africa are arguably the most important frontline healthcare workers available in most healthcare facilities, performing a broad range of tasks. Such tasks are considerably presumed in the causation of workload. Nursing is listed among the highly risky professions for developing low back pain. The nursing profession is ranked within the top ten professions which have a great risk of low back pain. Hence, this review aimed to ascertain whether low back pain is a significant concern for nurses in African healthcare facilities.MethodsA comprehensive literature search of different databases with no date limit was conducted from September to November 2018 using the PRISMA guideline. The quality of the included studies was assessed using a 12-item rating system. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed. Cochran’s Q and the I2test were used to assess heterogeneity. The presence of publication bias was evaluated by using Egger’s test and visual inspection of the symmetry in funnel plots.ResultIn this review, 19 studies from different African regions with a total sample size of 6110 nurses were included. All the studies were carried out between 2000 and 2018. Among these, the lowest and the highest prevalence were found to be 44.1 and 82.7% respectively. The estimation of the prevalence rate of low back pain among nurses using the random-effects model was found to be 64.07% (95% CI: 58.68–69.46;P-value < 0.0001). Heterogeneity of the reviewed studies was I2 = 94.2% and heterogeneity Chi-squared = 310.06 (d.f = 18),P-value < 0.0001. The subgroup analyses showed that the highest prevalence of LBP among nurses was from West African region with prevalence rates of 68.46% (95% CI: 54.94–81.97;P-value < 0.0001) and followed by North Africa region with prevalence rate of 67.95% (95% CI: 55.96–79.94; P-value < 0.0001).ConclusionEven though the overall prevalence of the present study is lower when compared to the Western and Asian studies, it indicated that the prevalence of low back pain among nurses is substantial.
Time-varying and dose-dependent effect of long-term statin use on risk of type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Na Eonji , Cho Sunyoung , Kim Dae Jung , Choi Junjeong , Han Euna 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
We evaluated the effect of statin use on new-onset type 2 diabetes among individuals without atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) using nationally representative South Korean claims data (2002–2013, N = 1,016,820).

Methods
A total of 13,698 patients (statin users 5273, non-statin users 5273) aged 40–74 years, newly diagnosed with dyslipidemia but without any history of diabetes or ASCVD, were selected in 2005. We followed up the final sample until 2013 and evaluated the cumulative incidence of type 2 diabetes. We used extended Cox regression models to estimate the time-varying adjusted hazard ratios of statin use on new-onset type 2 diabetes. We performed further analyses based on the cumulative defined daily dose of statin received per year to evaluate the degree of risk compared to non-statin users.

Results
Over the mean follow-up period of 7.1 years, 3034 patients developed type 2 diabetes; the number of statin users exceeded that of non-users, demonstrating that statin use significantly increased the risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes. The risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes differed among statin users according to cDDD per year (adjusted HR = 1.31 [95% CI 1.18–1.46] for less than 30 cDDD per year; 1.58 [1.43–1.75] for 30–120 cDDD per year; 1.83 [1.62–2.08] for 120–180 cDDD per year; and 2.83 [2.51–3.19] for more than 180 cDDD per year). The diabetogenic effect of pitavastatin was not statistically significant, but the risk was the largest for atorvastatin. Long-term exposure (≥ 5 years) to statins was associated with a statistically significant increase in the risk of new onset type 2 diabetes in all statin subtypes explored, with the highest magnitude for simvastatin (HR = 1.916, 95% CI 1.647–2.228) followed by atorvastatin (HR = 1.830, 95% CI 1.487–2.252).

Conclusions
Statin use was significantly associated with an increased risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes. We also found a dose–response relationship in terms of statin use duration and dose maintenance. Periodic screening and monitoring for incident type 2 diabetes may be warranted in long-term statin users.
Circular RNA circ-MAT2B facilitates glycolysis and growth of gastric cancer through regulating the miR-515-5p/HIF-1α axis
Authors: Liu Jia , Liu Haiying , Zeng Qingshan , Xu Pei , Liu Mingxing , Yang Ning 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a special kind of non-coding RNAs that are implicated in cancer malignant behavior, including glycolysis. However, their contributions to gastric cancer (GC) cell glycolysis are still poorly understood. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the glycolysis-related role of circ-MAT2B in GC.

Methods
Gene expression was determined by qRT-PCR analysis. Protein level was detected by Western blot. The CCK-8, colony and EdU assays were carried out to assess GC cell viability, colony formation and DNA synthesis rate. Glycolysis was determined by glucose uptake and lactate production. The positive regulatory network of circ-MAT2B/miR-515-5p/HIF-1α was identified by RNA pull-down, RIP, ChIP and luciferase reporter assays. The in vivo role of circ-MAT2B was evaluated by using xenograft tumor model.

Results
Circ-MAT2B was notably increased in GC and could be used as a sensitive and specific indicator of GC diagnosis and prognosis. Stable knockdown of circ-MAT2B dramatically inhibited GC cell viability, colony formation, DNA synthesis, glucose uptake and lactate production in vitro, and retarded tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, circ-MAT2B was dominantly located in the cytoplasm and acted as a ceRNA to sponge miR-515-5p and increase HIF-1α expression. Silencing of miR-515-5p or overexpression of HIF-1α could evidently rescue the attenuated aggressive phenotype of GC cells caused by circ-MAT2B knockdown. Importantly, HIF-1α was able to directly bind to circ-MAT2B promoter and transcriptionally activate circ-MAT2B, thus forming a positive feedback loop.

Conclusion
Our data suggest that circ-MAT2B is a oncogenic circRNA in GC and provide a promising therapeutic target for GC patients.
NT-4 attenuates neuroinflammation via TrkB/PI3K/FoxO1 pathway after germinal matrix hemorrhage in neonatal rats
Authors: Wang Tianyi , Zhang Junyi , Li Peng , Ding Yan , Tang Jiping , Chen Gang , Zhang John H. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundNeuroinflammation plays an important role in pathogenesis of germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH). Neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) is a member of the neurotrophin family and interacts with the tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB). NT-4 has been shown to confer neuroprotective effects following cerebral ischemia. We aimed to investigate the neuroprotective function of NT-4-TrkB signaling, as well as its downstream signaling cascade phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1), following GMH in neonatal rats.MethodsGMH was induced by intraparenchymal injection of bacterial collagenase (0.3 U) in P7 rat pups. A total of 163 pups were used in this study. Recombinant human NT-4 was administered intranasally at 1 h after the collagenase injection. The selective TrkB antagonist ANA-12, selective PI3K inhibitor LY294002, and FoxO1 activating CRISPR were administered intracerebroventricularly at 24 h prior to NT-4 treatment to investigate the underlying mechanism. Short-term and long-term neurobehavioral assessments, immunofluorescence staining, Nissl’s staining, and Western blot were performed.ResultsExpression of phosphorylated TrkB increased after GMH, reaching the peak level at day 3 after hemorrhage. TrkB receptors were observed on neurons, microglia, and astrocytes. The administration of rh-NT-4 induced phosphorylation of TrkB, expression of PI3K, and phosphorylation of Akt. Meanwhile, it decreased FoxO1 and IL-6 levels. Selective inhibition of TrkB/PI3K/Akt signaling in microglia increased the expression levels of FoxO1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines. FoxO1 activating CRISPR increased the expression of IL-6, suggesting that FoxO1 might be a potential inducer of pro-inflammatory factors. These results suggested that PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling may be the downstream pathway of activation of TrkB. The rat pups treated with rh-NT-4 performed better than vehicle-treated animals in both short-term and long-term behavioral tests.ConclusionThese data showed that rh-NT-4 reduced the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, improved neurological function, attenuated neuroinflammation, and thereby mitigated post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus after GMH by TrkB/PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 pathway. These results indicated that rh-NT-4 could be a promising therapeutic strategy to ameliorate neuroinflammation and hydrocephalus after GMH or other similar brain injuries.
Impact of child emotional and behavioural difficulties on educational outcomes of primary school children in Ethiopia: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Mekonnen Habtamu , Medhin Girmay , Tomlinson Mark , Alem Atalay , Prince Martin , Hanlon Charlotte 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between child emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD) and educational outcomes has not been investigated in prospective, community studies from low-income countries.MethodsThe association between child EBD symptoms and educational outcomes was examined in an ongoing cohort of 2090 mother–child dyads. Child EBD was measured when the mean age of children was 6.5 years, SD 0.04 (T0) and 8.4, SD 0.5 years (T1) using the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Educational outcomes were obtained from maternal report (drop-out) at T1 and from school records at when the mean age of the children was 9.3 (SD 0.5) years (T2).ResultAfter adjusting for potential confounders, child EBD symptoms at T1 were associated significantly with school absenteeism at T2: SDQ total score: Risk Ratio (RR) 1.01; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01, 1.02; SDQ high score (≥ 14) RR 1.36; 95% CI 1.24, 1.48; emotional subscale RR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01, 1.04; hyperactivity subscale RR 1.03; 95% CI 1.02, 1.04 and peer problems subscale (RR 1.02; 95% CI 1.00, 1.04). High SDQ (β = − 2.89; 95% CI − 5.73, − 0.06) and the conduct problems sub-scale (β = − 0.57; 95% CI − 1.02, − 0.12) had a significant negative association with academic achievement. There was no significant association between child EBD and school drop-out.ConclusionProspective associations were found between child EBD symptoms and increased school absenteeism and lower academic achievement, suggesting the need for child mental health to be considered in interventions targeting improvement of school attendance and academic achievement in low-income countries.
Current regulatory approaches for accessing potential COVID-19 therapies
Authors: Halimi Vesa , Daci Armond , Stojanovska Simona , Panovska-Stavridis Irina , Stevanovic Milena , Filipce Venko , Grozdanova Aleksandra 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis commentary aims to elaborate challenges in the regulatory approaches for accessing and investigating COVID-19 potential therapies either with off-label use, compassionate use, emergency use or for clinical trials. Since no therapies have been formally approved and completely effective and safe to date, the best clinical choice is acquired only after consistent and fair communication and collaboration between licensed clinicians, researchers, regulatory authorities, manufacturers and patients.
Substrate–fungus interaction on the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activities of solid state fermentation system
Authors: El-Katony Taha Mohamed , Nour El-Dein Mahmoud Metwally , El-Fallal Amira Ali , Ibrahim Nourhan Gamal , Mousa Mohamed Mohamed 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe fungus–substrate interaction on the antioxidant activity of a solid state fermentation system (SSFS) was investigated employing two basidiomycete fungi: Pleurotus columbinus and P. floridanus and two ascomycetes: Aspergillus fumigatus and Paecilomyces variotii on powdered peels of banana, pomegranate and orange, empty pea pods and rice straw. The oven-dried substrates were moistened at 90% water holding capacity, inoculated with the test fungi and incubated at 25 °C for appropriate time. Culture extracts were tested for the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant activity. The effect of substrate on the antioxidant activity of the SSFS was stronger than that of the fungal species. Peroxidase (POX) activity was higher in the basidiomycetes than ascomycetes and achieved its maximum in P. floridanus versus complete absence in A. fumigatus. By contrast, catalase (CAT) activity was higher in the ascomycetes, particularly P. variotii on banana peel, than in the basidiomycetes. Phenolics and flavonoids were highest in pomegranate peels but lowest in banana peels and rice straw, and they were subjected to severe consumption by the basidiomycetes versus mild production by the ascomycetes. The reducing power (RP) and DPPH scavenging activity were higher in the peels of pomegranate, orange and banana relative to rice straw and empty pea pods, and the fungal effect was limited and independent of the fungal taxonomic group. Orange peel is the appropriate substrate for production of fungal CAT and POX, which activities were mutually exclusive; but pomegranate peel is more suitable for production of phenolics and flavonoids.
Knowledge, practice and correlates of sleep hygiene among people living with HIV/AIDS attending anti-retroviral therapy at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mengistu Nebiyu , Belayneh Zelalem , Shumye Seid 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Sleep hygiene is a series of behavioral practices that can be performed by individuals with sleep complaints to prevent or reverse sleep difficulties. The feasibility, cost-effectiveness, absence of side effects and immediate responses to sleep problems make sleep hygiene practices more applicable than other treatment options for people living with HIV/AIDS. However, there is no evidence regarding sleep hygiene awareness and its practice in people with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia.

Objectives
This study aimed to assess the knowledge, practice and correlates of sleep hygiene among adults attending outpatient anti-retroviral treatment at Zewditu Memorial Hospital.

Methods
This was an institutional based cross-sectional study conducted from 1st of May to 16th of June 2018 amongst people attending anti-retroviral therapy follow-up at Zewditu Memorial Hospital. Systematic random sampling technique was used to recruit a total of 396 study participants. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaire. The Sleep Hygiene Index was used to measure the level of sleep hygiene of study participants. Binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with sleep hygiene practice. In the multi-variable analysis, variables with P-values of less than 0.05 were considered as significant correlates of sleep hygiene practice with 95% confidence interval.

Results
The findings of this study showed that there are limitations regarding the knowledge and practice of sleep hygiene of people with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia. None of the participants attended training regarding sleep hygiene. More than half (51.3%) had poor sleep hygiene practice. Female sex [AOR = 5.80:95% CI (3.12, 10.7)], being single [AOR =2.29:95% CI (0.13, 9.51)], depression [AOR = 2.93: 95% CI (1.73, 4.96)] and current khat use [AOR = 3.30; 95% CI (1.67, 6.50)] were identified as statistically significant correlates of poor sleep hygiene practice.

Conclusions
Knowledge regarding sleep hygiene is poor, and its practices are incorrect amongst people living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia. These findings demonstrate a need for professionals to play a major role in addressing this problem by integrating sleep hygiene as an added treatment modality to the HIV/AIDS care service. Designing training programs and awareness creation strategies for people with HIV/AIDS to improve their sleep hygiene practice is also highly recommended.
Endoscopic thyroid lobectomy vs Conventional open thyroid lobectomy
Authors: Imran Mariam , Mehmood Zahid , Baloch Muhammad Naseem , Altaf Sehrish 
Published: May 2020

Background and Objective: Surgical managements for these suspicious nontoxic swellings requires open conventional method of thyroidectomy by neck incisions that can result in prominent scars and immediate risk usually hemorrhage. However new technological innovations came into practiced that include video assisted minimal invasive endoscopy by axillo-breast approach that gives very promising results with excellent cosmesis. In this study, we compared conventional open surgery with minimal invasive endoscopic techniques and associate various complaints and complications that were encountered in surgery.
Methods: Sixty patients were enrolled in this comparative study. It was conducted from period February 2018 to February 2019.The patients were randomized alternatively in two groups. Group-I patients underwent conventional lobectomy while Group-II patients were operated endoscopically, Patients having nodules less than 3cm and Thy 1 and 2 were included in this study. Patient having nodules greater than 3cm, Multinodular goiter, recurrent nodule and Thy 3-6 were excluded from the study.
Results: Patients who underwent endoscopic lobectomy were much more satisfied about scar marks whereas some developed post-operative complications. It included hoarseness of voice in Three (13.62%) patients, two patients developed seroma (9.08%), three patients (13.62%) erythema, whereas no postoperative complications were seen in patients who underwent open thyroid lobectomy. No signs of hypocalcemia noted in both approaches.
Conclusions: The complications with endoscopic approaches are higher but they are minor and resolved spontaneously within maximum period of six weeks. However scar mark satisfaction was much higher in endoscopic lobectomy group.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1604
How to cite this:Imran M, Mehmood Z, Baloch MN, Altaf S. Endoscopic thyroid lobectomy Vs Conventional open thyroid lobectomy. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(4):831-835. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1604
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Association of Interleukin-1B gene Polymorphism with H. pylori infected Dyspeptic Gastric Diseases and Healthy Population
Authors: Kalsoom Furkhanda , Rahman Sajjad-ur- , Mahmood Muhammad Shahid , Zahoor Tahir 
Published: May 2020

Objective: The aim of study was to investigate the association of IL 1B gene polymorphism with involvement of H. pylori and other gastric diseases.
Methods: Blood samples of dyspeptic patients were collected from endoscopy department of Allied Hospital Faisalabad from January 2017 to January 2019 and were qualitatively assayed for serological detection of CagA H. pylori antibodies. PCR followed by direct sequencing was performed for proinflammatory IL-1B gene polymorphism detection. Sequence analysis was performed in software SnapGene viewer for haplotypes.
Results: Demographic characteristics of seropositive patients showed maximum 25% gastritis in age groups of 20-40 years and 41-60 years, predominantly (41.7%) in females. While in seronegative patient’s gastritis (33.3%) was found in age group of 20-40 years mainly in males (41.7%). Among studied groups, higher expression of IL-1B-511 genotype (33.3%) polymorphism was found in healthy individuals as compared to H. pylori seropositive (25%) and seronegative (8.3%). While IL-1B-31 genotype showed maximum 33.3% polymorphism rate in seropositive gastric diseased group. Moreover, haplotypes frequencies IL-1B-511CC and IL-1B-31TT were predominantly (20%) found in seropositive gastric diseased group.
Conclusions: In H. pylori seropositive patients, gastric disease was commonly found, however, gastric disease was not only associated with H. pylori as seronegative patients were also carrying gastric complications. Interleukin IL-1B polymorphism was partially associated with H. pylori infection in studied dyspeptic population.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1883
How to cite this:Kalsoom F, Sajjad-ur-Rahman, Mahmood MS, Zahoor T. Association of Interleukin-1B gene Polymorphism with H. pylori infected Dyspeptic Gastric Diseases and Healthy Population. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(4):825-830. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.4.1883
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.