bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strain and electric field control of magnetism in La(1--x)SrxMnO3 thin films on ferroelectric BaTiO3 substrates
Authors: Schmitz Markus , Weber Alexander , Petracic Oleg , Waschk Markus , Zakalek Paul , Mattauch Stefan , Koutsioubas Alexandros , Brückel Thomas 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We report on the observation of strain- and magneto-electric coupling in a system consisting of a thin film of ferromagnetic La(1−x)Sr
x
MnO3 (LSMO, x = 0.5 and 0.3) on a ferroelectric BaTiO3 (BTO) substrate. Pronounced magnetization steps occur at the BTO structural phase transitions. We associate these steps with a strain induced change of the magnetic anisotropy. Temperature dependent magneto-electric coupling could be evidenced by the magnetic response to an applied AC electric field in all ferroelectric phases of the BTO substrate. In a DC electric field, the magnetization changes are asymmetric with respect to the polarity. Polarized neutron reflectometry hints to oxygen migration as possible mechanism for this asymmetry. It also reveals strain-induced magnetization changes throughout most of the thickness of 252 Å (x = 0.5) and 360 Å (x = 0.3), respectively, of the LSMO layer. We conclude that the change of the magnetization depth profile at the interface as previously proposed by ab initio calculations is not the relevant mechanism. Instead strain, oxygen vacancies and frustration at interfacial steps dominate the magnetic response to an applied electric field.
Learning pairing symmetries in disordered superconductors using spin-polarized local density of states
Authors: Chen Liang , Wang Chen-Xi , Han Rong-Sheng , Zhang Ye-Qi 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We construct an artificial neural network to study the pairing symmetries in disordered superconductors. For Hamiltonians on square lattice with s-wave, d-wave, and nematic pairing potentials, we use the spin-polarized local density of states near a magnetic impurity in the clean system to train the neural network. We find that, when the depth of the artificial neural network is sufficient large, it will have the power to predict the pairing symmetries in disordered superconductors. In a large parameter regime of the potential disorder, the artificial neural network predicts the correct pairing symmetries with relatively high confidences.
Three-player polaritons: nonadiabatic fingerprints in an entangled atom–molecule–photon system
Authors: Szidarovszky Tamás , Halász Gábor J , Vibók Ágnes 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A quantum system composed of a molecule and an atomic ensemble, confined in a microscopic cavity, is investigated theoretically. The indirect coupling between atoms and the molecule, realized by their interaction with the cavity radiation mode, leads to a coherent mixing of atomic and molecular states, and at strong enough cavity field strengths hybrid atom–molecule–photon polaritons are formed. It is shown for the Na2 molecule that by changing the cavity wavelength and the atomic transition frequency, the potential energy landscape of the polaritonic states and the corresponding spectrum could be changed significantly. Moreover, an unforeseen intensity borrowing effect, which can be seen as a strong nonadiabatic fingerprint, is identified in the atomic transition peak, originating from the contamination of the atomic excited state with excited molecular rovibronic states.
Observation of the 87Rb 5S1/2 to 4D3/2 electric quadrupole transition at 516.6 nm mediated via an optical nanofibre
Authors: Ray Tridib , Gupta Ratnesh K , Gokhroo Vandna , Everett Jesse L , Nieddu Thomas , Rajasree Krishnapriya S , Chormaic Síle Nic 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Light guided by an optical nanofibre has a very steep evanescent field gradient extending from the fibre surface. This gradient can be exploited to drive electric quadrupole transitions in nearby quantum emitters. In this paper, we report on the observation of the 5S1/2 → 4D3/2 electric quadrupole transition at 516.6 nm (in vacuum) in laser-cooled 87Rb atoms using only a few μW of laser power propagating through an optical nanofibre embedded in the atom cloud. This work extends the range of applications for optical nanofibres in atomic physics to include more fundamental tests such as high-precision measurements of parity non-conservation.
RETRACTED: Carbon impact on surface morphology and electrical properties of Cu-TiC thin film
Authors: Roy Avishek , Hembram Shilabati , Ghosh Manojit , Majumdar Abhijit 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In recent years, synthesis of TiC reinforced Cu matrix composites are comprehensively utilized for industrial applications. Synthesis of Cu-TiC as a thin film can also be an intriguing challenge for such applications. In this work, Cu-TiC thin film was deposited by DC magnetron co-sputtering method and examined to investigate the role of C content on the micro-structure, electrical conductivity and surface morphology by using XRD, UV–vis spectroscopy, I-V characteristics, AFM, SEM and EDX analysis. The wt% of C was varied from 14 to 67% while depositing the Cu-TiC films. All the films have resulted to be polycrystalline with Cu and TiC phases. The optical band-gap has decreased from 2.59 to 1.93 eV and the refractive index got enhanced from 2.92 to 3.38 with increase in wt% of C. The ideality factor, electrical resistance, surface roughness across the films has also decreased as wt% of C was increased in Cu-TiC films.
Obtaining ultrafine spheroidized carbides by combining warm deformation with divorced eutectoid transformation in GCr15 bearing steel
Authors: Qian Dongsheng , Wang Huiling , Pan Libo , Wang Feng , Lu Xiaohui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this work, the ultrafine spheroidized carbides were obtained by combining warm deformation with the divorced eutectoid transformation (DET) in GCr15 bearing steel. The results show that the temperature range of DET is approximately 730 °C to 700 °C at a cooling rate of 0.05 °C s−1. It is also found that excellent spheroidized microstructure can be obtained and less deformation resistance can be generated when the deformation is carried out at 720 °C with a strain rate of 0.5 s−1. This result could be ascribed to the fact that deformation provides the driving force for transformation, dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and reduced dislocation density through the coordination of warm deformation and DET. This suggests that the deformation at the initial temperature is more favorable to the spheroidization than that at the intermediate temperature of DET. In addition, it is also proved that the warm rolling forming in the actual production line can shorten the spheroidization time from at least 10 h to 2 h and obtain ultrafine spheroidized carbides with the roundness close to 1. This research may provide a novel pathway to obtain good spheroidization effect with less energy conservation.
Dry sliding wear characteristics of multi-walled carbon nanotubes reinforced Al-Si (LM6) alloy nanocomposites produced by powder metallurgy technique
Authors: T Shivaramu H , U Vignesh Nayak , K S Umashankar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The present work involved the production of Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) of Aluminium Silicon (Al-Si) alloy reinforced with Multi Walled Carbon Nano Tubes (MWCNTs) using Powder Metallurgy (PM) process. MWCNTs with concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 wt% were used. Validation of dispersion nature, existence and chemically stable of MWCNTs carried out using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) and Energy Dispersive Spectrum (EDS) for fabricated composites. Sliding wear investigations were investigated in accordance with the ASTM G99-95a standard. Test variables such as sliding distance, load and speed were examined. Under a given load with sliding distance, the wear rate was found to reduce by varying disc rotation speed between 250 to 750 rpm. The rate of wear is dropped suddenly with the increment in sliding distance from 500 m to 1000 m. However, for 1500 m sliding distance, the wear rate increased linearly for all nanocomposites. The reinforcement of 0.25 wt% and 0.5 wt% of MWCNTs shown lower wear resistance and further addition of 0.75 wt% MWCNTs shown enhanced wear resistance but the addition of reinforcement of above 0.75 wt% resulted in slightly higher wear rate. The wear resistance enhanced due to the excellent properties of reinforcement particles. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used for identifying the kind of wear mechanism.
Some analyses on optimal energy-extraction efficiency in a free-electron laser
Authors: Qika Jia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the energy-extraction efficiencies of the electron beam are studied for several cases of free-electron laser (FEL). For an initially cold electron beam, the optimal initial detuning for the maximum energy-extraction efficiency and the corresponding saturation length are given. A scheme of the ‘top up’ is proposed to enhance the efficiency: after the electron energy being modulated somewhat, a phase shift and a step-down of the phase bucket are introduced, so that all electrons are located near the upper separatrix of the bucket in the phase space. Finally, the energy-extraction efficiency can be increased by 30% compared with that of the normal undulator case. For a linear tapering undulator with an initially cold electron beam, the simple scaling laws for the maximum energy-extraction efficiency and the corresponding optical power gain are obtained. For a tapered undulator with the pre-bunched electron beam, our analysis gives that the energy-extraction efficiency reaches the maximum when the phase bucket height of the tapered undulator is equal to the amplitude of the detuning modulation. The numerical results validated this reasoning and show that the efficiency has a large increase compared with the case of the unbunched electron beam. The single stair-step undulator is investigated, the optimal step and the corresponding saturation power and saturation length are given by analysis, they agree well with the numerical simulation results.
Design of open devices based on multi-folded transformation optics
Authors: Yang Chengfu , Huang Ming , Yang Jingjing , Mao Fuchun , Li Peng 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Open devices with homogeneous material parameters are proposed and designed based on multi-folded transformation optics, including open cloak device, open field concentrator and open field amplifying device. In comparison with the previous transformation devices, the proposed open devices possess open windows with compact and embedded structures, providing a flexible approach for remote control or upgrade. The open cloaking devices can hide arbitrarily shaped/sized object in the core region, making it disappeared in visually for the outside viewers, while the open field concentrator can enhance or store EM energy in the core region, and the open field amplifying device can magnify the scattering field of a small object, generating an bigger illusory image with differential material parameter and size. The effectiveness and correctness of the proposed devices are validated by the numerical results obtained based on the commercial finite element software COMSOL Multiphysics. Such scheme is believed to find potential applications in remote controlling with impressive new functions.
Bending rigidities and universality of flexural modes in 2D crystals
Authors: Croy Alexander 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The existence of flexural modes with a quadratic phonon-dispersion is a distinguishing property of two-dimensional materials and has important consequences for their properties. Here, we deduce theoretically within the harmonic approximation the conditions for which orthotropic two-dimensional materials display a flexural mode. Further, we derive formulae for the calculation of the corresponding bending rigidities using the equilibrium structure and the second-order force constants as input. This completes the description of the elasticity of 2D crystals. Our findings are exemplarily validated by ab initio calculations of the phonon dispersions of four representative materials.
Intraspecific trait variation and reversals of trait strategies across key climate gradients in native Hawaiian plants and non-native invaders
Authors: Westerband Andrea C , Knight Tiffany M , Barton Kasey E 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Displacement of native plant species by non-native invaders may result from differences in their carbon economy, yet little is known regarding how variation in leaf traits influences native–invader dynamics across climate gradients. In Hawaii, one of the most heavily invaded biodiversity hotspots in the world, strong spatial variation in climate results from the complex topography, which underlies variation in traits that probably drives shifts in species interactions.

Methods
Using one of the most comprehensive trait data sets for Hawaii to date (91 species and four islands), we determined the extent and sources of variation (climate, species and species origin) in leaf traits, and used mixed models to examine differences between natives and non-native invasives.

Key Results
We detected significant differences in trait means, such that invasives were more resource acquisitive than natives over most of the climate gradients. However, we also detected trait convergence and a rank reversal (natives more resource acquisitive than invasives) in a sub-set of conditions. There was significant intraspecific trait variation (ITV) in leaf traits of natives and invasives, although invasives expressed significantly greater ITV than natives in water loss and photosynthesis. Species accounted for more trait variation than did climate for invasives, while the reverse was true for natives. Incorporating this climate-driven trait variation significantly improved the fit of models that compared natives and invasives. Lastly, in invasives, ITV was most strongly explained by spatial heterogeneity in moisture, whereas solar energy explains more ITV in natives.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that trait expression and ITV vary significantly between natives and invasives, and that this is mediated by climate. These findings suggest that although natives and invasives are functionally similar at the regional scale, invader success at local scales is contingent on climate.
debCAM: a bioconductor R package for fully unsupervised deconvolution of complex tissues
Authors: Chen Lulu , Wu Chiung-Ting , Wang Niya , Herrington David M , Clarke Robert , Wang Yue 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Summary
We develop a fully unsupervised deconvolution method to dissect complex tissues into molecularly distinctive tissue or cell subtypes based on bulk expression profiles. We implement an R package, deconvolution by Convex Analysis of Mixtures (debCAM) that can automatically detect tissue/cell-specific markers, determine the number of constituent subtypes, calculate subtype proportions in individual samples and estimate tissue/cell-specific expression profiles. We demonstrate the performance and biomedical utility of debCAM on gene expression, methylation, proteomics and imaging data. With enhanced data preprocessing and prior knowledge incorporation, debCAM software tool will allow biologists to perform a more comprehensive and unbiased characterization of tissue remodeling in many biomedical contexts.

Availability and implementation
http://bioconductor.org/packages/debCAM.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Contemporary management of anaemia, erythropoietin resistance and cardiovascular risk in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease: a nationwide analysis
Authors: Evans Marie , Bower Hannah , Cockburn Elinor , Jacobson Stefan H , Barany Peter , Carrero Juan-Jesus 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundOptimal management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) anaemia remains controversial and few studies have evaluated real-world management of anaemia in advanced CKD in the context of guideline recommendations.MethodsWe performed an observational study from the Swedish Renal Registry evaluating the epidemiology and treatment patterns of anaemia across Stages 3b–5 in non-dialysis (ND) and dialysis-dependent (DD) CKD patients during 2015. Logistic regression and Cox models explored the associations between anaemia treatments, inflammation, erythropoietin resistance index (ERI) and subsequent 1-year risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).ResultsData from 14 415 (ND, 11 370; DD, 3045) patients were included. Anaemia occurred in 60% of ND and 93% of DD patients. DD patients used more erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs; 82% versus 24%) and iron (62% versus 21%) than ND patients. All weekly ESA doses were converted to a weight-adjusted weekly epoetin equivalent dose. The prescribed ESA doses were low to moderate [median 48.2 IU/kg/week (ND), 78.6 IU/kg/week (DD)]. Among ESA-treated patients, 6–21% had haemoglobin (Hb) &gt;13 g/dL and 2–6% had Hb &lt;9 g/dL. Inflammation (C-reactive protein &gt;5 mg/L) was highly prevalent and associated with ERI and higher ESA doses. Higher (&gt;88 IU/kg/week) versus lower (&lt;44 IU/kg/week) ESA doses were associated with a higher risk of MACEs [{ND hazard ratio [HR] 1.36 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00–1.86]; DD HR 1.60 [95% CI 1.24–2.06]}. There was no association between iron use and inflammation or MACEs.ConclusionsAnaemia remains highly prevalent in advanced CKD. Patients with anaemia received moderate ESA doses with a relatively low prevalence of iron use. Higher doses of ESA were associated with inflammation and a higher risk of MACE.
Investigational Biomarkers for Checkpoint Inhibitor Immune-Related Adverse Event Prediction and Diagnosis
Authors: von Itzstein Mitchell S , Khan Shaheen , Gerber David E 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of multiple cancers. However, these promising therapies may also cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in a substantial proportion of patients. These autoimmune phenomena may affect almost any organ system and may occur at almost any point in therapy. In some instances, these toxicities are life-threatening and potentially permanent. Diverse clinical presentation and unpredictable timing further complicate their anticipation and diagnosis.

Content
To improve patient safety and selection for ICI use, biomarkers for irAE diagnosis and prediction are under development. Clinicians may use traditional laboratory markers such as routine chemistries, creatinine clearance, thyroid function tests, and serum cortisol/adrenocorticotrophic hormone to monitor for specific irAEs, but noted aberrations may not necessarily represent an immune-mediated etiology. Novel biomarkers have the potential to be more specific to assist in the diagnosis of irAEs. The prediction of irAEs is more challenging. Apart from a history of autoimmune disease, no other clinical parameters are routinely used to project risk. Biomarker candidates under investigation for irAE diagnosis and prediction include blood cell analysis, chemokines/cytokines, autoantibodies, and genetic predisposition, such as human leukocyte antigen haplotype. Among other emerging candidates are immune-cell subsets, T-cell repertoire, fecal microbiome, tumor genomics, and radiomic characterization.

Summary
Several conventional laboratory indexes of end-organ dysfunction are currently in routine clinical use for irAE monitoring and diagnosis. Novel biomarkers for the prediction and diagnosis of these irAEs, which primarily characterize patient immune function, represent an area of active investigation.
Metabolic recovery and compensatory shell growth of juvenile Pacific geoduck Panopea generosa following short-term exposure to acidified seawater
Authors: Gurr Samuel J , Vadopalas Brent , Roberts Steven B , Putnam Hollie M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
While acute stressors can be detrimental, environmental stress conditioning can improve performance. To test the hypothesis that physiological status is altered by stress conditioning, we subjected juvenile Pacific geoduck, Panopea generosa, to repeated exposures of elevated pCO2 in a commercial hatchery setting followed by a period in ambient common garden. Respiration rate and shell length were measured for juvenile geoduck periodically throughout short-term repeated reciprocal exposure periods in ambient (~550 μatm) or elevated (~2400 μatm) pCO2 treatments and in common, ambient conditions, 5 months after exposure. Short-term exposure periods comprised an initial 10-day exposure followed by 14 days in ambient before a secondary 6-day reciprocal exposure. The initial exposure to elevated pCO2 significantly reduced respiration rate by 25% relative to ambient conditions, but no effect on shell growth was detected. Following 14 days in common garden, ambient conditions, reciprocal exposure to elevated or ambient pCO2 did not alter juvenile respiration rates, indicating ability for metabolic recovery under subsequent conditions. Shell growth was negatively affected during the reciprocal treatment in both exposure histories; however, clams exposed to the initial elevated pCO2 showed compensatory growth with 5.8% greater shell length (on average between the two secondary exposures) after 5 months in ambient conditions. Additionally, clams exposed to the secondary elevated pCO2 showed 52.4% increase in respiration rate after 5 months in ambient conditions. Early exposure to low pH appears to trigger carryover effects suggesting bioenergetic re-allocation facilitates growth compensation. Life stage-specific exposures to stress can determine when it may be especially detrimental, or advantageous, to apply stress conditioning for commercial production of this long-lived burrowing clam.
MACSNVdb: a high-quality SNV database for interspecies genetic divergence investigation among macaques
Authors: Du Lianming , Guo Tao , Liu Qin , Li Jing , Zhang Xiuyue , Xing Jinchuan , Yue Bisong , Li Jing , Fan Zhenxin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Macaques are the most widely used non-human primates in biomedical research. The genetic divergence between these animal models is responsible for their phenotypic differences in response to certain diseases. However, the macaque single nucleotide polymorphism resources mainly focused on rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta), which hinders the broad research and biomedical application of other macaques. In order to overcome these limitations, we constructed a database named MACSNVdb that focuses on the interspecies genetic diversity among macaque genomes. MACSNVdb is a web-enabled database comprising ~74.51 million high-quality non-redundant single nucleotide variants (SNVs) identified among 20 macaque individuals from six species groups (muttla, fascicularis, sinica, arctoides, silenus, sylvanus). In addition to individual SNVs, MACSNVdb also allows users to browse and retrieve groups of user-defined SNVs. In particular, users can retrieve non-synonymous SNVs that may have deleterious effects on protein structure or function within macaque orthologs of human disease and drug-target genes. Besides position, alleles and flanking sequences, MACSNVdb integrated additional genomic information including SNV annotations and gene functional annotations. MACSNVdb will facilitate biomedical researchers to discover molecular mechanisms of diverse responses to diseases as well as primatologist to perform population genetic studies. We will continue updating MACSNVdb with newly available sequencing data and annotation to keep the resource up to date.
Database URL: http://big.cdu.edu.cn/macsnvdb/