bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An analysis of group formation process in statistics course with cooperative model
Authors: Kosasih U , Haerani T , Nurjanah N , Rahman S A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Good group formation gives students enthusiasm for mathematics learning. Group formation often results in mathematics learning discomfort. Therefore, the mathematics teacher needs to review ways to form study groups. This study examines ways to create groups that are in line with student needs. This type of research is a qualitative study with the subject being a junior high school student. The instruments used were tests and interview guides. Based on the data obtained, this study concludes that there are two ways of forming learning groups, namely grouping by number-grouping and independent-grouping. One of the two methods is more effective in achieving learning objectives.
The relationship between habits of mind and metacognition in solving real analysis problems
Authors: Tyaningsih R Y , Triutami T W , Novitasari D , Wulandari N P , Cholily Y M 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe habits of mind are often associated with metacognition because both are related to human thinking. Metacognition skills focus on how a person manages his thoughts, whereas habits of mind focus on one’s ability to think and make conclusions about one’s thoughts. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship between habits of mind and metacognition of students in solving real analysis problems. Sampling is done by purposively. The subjects in this study were students of Mathematics Education in Semester 5 Academic Year 2019/2020. This type of research is quantitative with data collection techniques using test and online surveys. The data obtained were analyzed by Correlation Analysis. The results of data analysis show the relationship between habits of mind and metacognition in solving mathematical problems is a very strong positive, for metacognition-problem solving and habits of mind-problem solving. Positive means the unidirectional relationship between habits of mind and metacognition, the purpose of unidirectional is the better the habits of the mind, the better the metacognition and vice versa. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between habits of mind and metacognition of students in solving mathematical problems.
Flipped classroom learning model with group investigation strategy to increase the enjoyment of mathematics in elementary school students
Authors: Hastuti R I 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMathematics is very important to learn because it is widely applied in daily life. Enjoyment is an important aspect of learning mathematics. However, the enjoyment of mathematics is still in the low category. Therefore, it is necessary to choose the proper learning model and strategy to create fun mathematics learning activities to encourage students’ enjoyment of mathematics. This study examines the theoretical framework of the flipped classroom learning model with a group investigation strategy to increase the enjoyment of mathematics in elementary school students. The method used in this study is a literature review. Data collected from articles published in various scientific journals and other relevant sources. The results show that to increase students’ enjoyment of mathematics, it can be done through how the teacher designs mathematics learning activities for students. The flipped classroom learning model with a group investigation strategy is an innovation that uses a technology-based blended learning approach with the concept of learning carried out outside and inside the classroom so that student-centred learning, more flexible, collaborative, active, and enjoyable.
Design of distance lectures in mathematics education with the utilization of the integration of Zoom and YouTube application
Authors: Subhi M A , Nurjanah N , Kosasih U , Rahman S A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Something that is considered new must meet difficulties in its implementation. Including distance lectures. The cause can come from various factors. This research development aims to produce distance lecture design by utilizing the integration of the Zoom and YouTube applications on students of the Mathematics Education Department in a private university in Bandung. The development model uses an adaptation of the Plomp development model by carrying out two phases, namely the preliminary investigation phase and the design phase. From the results of the initial research, it can be concluded that: the development of distance lecture design is very essential, design of distance lectures include: roles in lectures (lecturer, host, and student), supporting applications (Zoom, YouTube, and OBS Studio), and interaction design that connects roles in lecturer with supporting applications, and the utilization of the Zoom and YouTube application integration has the potential to be more effective and efficient.
An invasive plant rapidly increased the similarity of soil fungal pathogen communities
Authors: Wang Meiling , Tang Xuefei , Sun Xiaoqiu , Jia Bingbing , Xu Hao , Jiang Suai , Siemann Evan , Lu Xinmin 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsPlant invasions can change soil microbial communities and affect subsequent invasions directly or indirectly via foliar herbivory. It has been proposed that invaders promote uniform biotic communities that displace diverse, spatially variable communities (the biotic homogenization hypothesis), but this has not been experimentally tested for soil microbial communities, so the underlying mechanisms and dynamics are unclear. Here, we compared density-dependent impacts of the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides and its native congener A. sessilis on soil fungal communities, and their feedback effects on plants and a foliar beetle.MethodsWe conducted a plant–soil feedback (PSF) experiment and a laboratory bioassay to examine PSFs associated with the native and invasive plants and a beetle feeding on them. We also characterized the soil fungal community using high-throughput sequencing.Key ResultsWe found locally differentiated soil fungal pathogen assemblages associated with high densities of the native plant A. sessilis but little variation in those associated with the invasive congener A. philoxeroides, regardless of plant density. In contrast, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal assemblages associated with high densities of the invasive plant were more variable. Soil biota decreased plant shoot mass but their effect was weak for the invasive plant growing in native plant-conditioned soils. PSFs increased the larval biomass of a beetle reared on leaves of the native plant only. Moreover, PSFs on plant shoot and root mass and beetle mass were predicted by different pathogen taxa in a plant species-specific manner.ConclusionOur results suggest that plant invasions can rapidly increase the similarity of soil pathogen assemblages even at low plant densities, leading to taxonomically and functionally homogeneous soil communities that may limit negative soil effects on invasive plants.
Watson–Crick Jumping Finite Automata: Combination, Comparison and Closure
Authors: Mishra U K , Mahalingam K , Rama R 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A new model of computation called Watson–Crick jumping finite automata was introduced by Mahalingam et al., and the authors study the computing power and closure properties of the variants of the model. There are four variants of the model: no state, 1-limited, all-final and simple Watson–Crick jumping finite automata. In this paper, we introduce a restricted version that is a combination of variants of the existing model. It becomes essential to explore the computing power and closure properties of these combinations. The combination variants are extensively compared with Chomsky hierarchy, general jumping finite automata family and among themselves. We also explore the closure properties of such restricted automata.
Dynamic top height models for several major forest tree species in Great Britain
Authors: Manso Rubén , McLean J Paul , Arcangeli Catia , Matthews Robert 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we present new dynamic top height models for 10 major species in Great Britain. These models for pure, even-aged stands replace the current, static top height-age curves published in the 1980s, which are no longer reliable in the light of the new data that have been added over the past decades. We followed the generalized algebraic difference approach (GADA) to build the new models and specifically focused on models derived from the Hessfeld IV and Chapman–Richards height-age base equations. We selected a multi-asymptote and polymorphic GADA version of the Chapman–Richards equation for all the species, with the anamorphic functional form as a special case derived from the non-significance of one of the global parameters. The new models are dynamic, accurate and robust, which will permit unbiased yield predictions from current top height-dependent yield simulators in Great Britain.
Ground-motion prediction models evoked by seismicity in the Upper Silesia Coal Basin, Poland, the review with case studies
Authors: Mendecki Maciej J , Odrobińska Judyta , Patyńśka Renata , Idziak Adam F 
Published: October 2020

SUMMARYThis paper presents the results of new research on ground-motion relations from three areas in the Upper Silesia Coal Basin (USCB) in Poland and compares them with of ground-motion relations. These three mining areas of the USCB were investigated in order to better predict ground motion caused by seismic events. The study focused on variations in regression parameters and predicted PGA (peak ground acceleration) for different areas to better understand the influence of geology.To compare our results to previous models we had to unify the known ground-motion prediction equations (GMPE). Then, we used various regression models to predict the corresponding PGA values of a relatively strong USCB seismic event with an energy level of 108 J (ML = 3.3) and compared their results. The regression model parameters were compared to each other, particularly those related to energy and distance, which corresponds to a geometrical scattering (attenuation) of seismic waves as well as the influence of wave type (body or surface). Finally, building upon several established regression models, our analysis showed a strong linear correlation between two regression parameters corresponding to energy and distance. However, an open question remains whether this relation can be explained by physics, or, from a mathematical point of view, it is the effect of linear dependence of matrix vectors logE and logR. A comparison of different GMPEs allows for better verification of knowledge about the impact of tremors on ground motion in the USCB.
Proportionality in Refugee Exclusion
Authors: Gökşen Elif 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In the increased discussions about international security and terrorism, the application of the exclusion clauses in Article 1 F of the 1951 Refugee Convention has become a topical and controversial issue. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) advises states to apply a proportionality test to weigh the gravity of the crime against the consequences of exclusion for cases concerning serious non-political crimes and war crimes. However, there is no uniform approach in state practice. Also, the concept of ‘gravity of the crime’ is not clarified in any guidance document of the UNHCR. Relying on the different applications of Article 1 F of the 1951 Convention, this article questions whether the proportionality analysis is actually necessary for determining the exclusion, and how should the gravity of the crime be interpreted in such cases. First, the present article argues that the proportionality analysis is compatible with the overriding humanitarian aims of the 1951 Convention and that this analysis should be applicable to all the crimes listed in Article 1 F. Secondly, it demonstrates that the concept of ‘gravity of the crime’ should be interpreted by referring to the relevant concepts developed in international criminal law, and by considering the extent of the person’s individual criminal responsibility. This article asserts that exclusion from refugee status causes serious consequences, which sometimes might be heavier than criminal punishment. Therefore, Article 1 F should be applied with the utmost attention and sensitivity.
How dry is dry? Molecular mobility in relation to thallus water content in a lichen
Authors: Candotto Carniel Fabio , Fernandez-Marín Beatriz , Arc Erwann , Craighero Teresa , Laza José Manuel , Incerti Guido , Tretiach Mauro , Kranner Ilse 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Lichens can withstand extreme desiccation to water contents of ≤ 0.1 g H2O g–1 DW, and in the desiccated state are among the most extremotolerant organisms known. Desiccation-tolerant life-forms such as seeds, mosses and lichens survive ‘vitrification’, that is the transition of their cytoplasm to a ‘glassy’ state, which causes metabolism to cease. However, our understanding of the mechanisms of desiccation tolerance is hindered by poor knowledge of what reactions occur in the desiccated state. Using Flavoparmelia caperata as a model lichen, we determined at what water contents vitrification occurred upon desiccation. Molecular mobility was assessed by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, and the de- and re-epoxidation of the xanthophyll cycle pigments (measured by HPLC) was used as a proxy to assess enzyme activity. At 20 °C vitrification occurred between 0.12–0.08 g H2O g−1 DW and enzymes were active in a ‘rubbery’ state (0.17 g H2O g−1 DW) but not in a glassy state (0.03 g H2O g−1 DW). Therefore, desiccated tissues may appear to be ‘dry’ in the conventional sense, but subtle differences in water content will have substantial consequences on the types of (bio)chemical reactions that can occur, with downstream effects on longevity in the desiccated state.
The impact of a minimum wage change on the distribution of wages and household income
Authors: Redmond Paul , Doorley Karina , McGuinness Seamus 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe use distribution regression analysis to study the impact of a 6% increase in the Irish minimum wage on the distribution of hourly wages and household income. Wage inequality, measured by the ratio of wages in the 90th and 10th percentiles and the 75th and 25th percentiles, decreased by approximately 8 and 4%, respectively. The results point towards wage spillover effects up to the 30th percentile of the wage distribution. We show that minimum wage workers are spread throughout the household income distribution and are often located in high-income households. Therefore, while we observe strong effects on the wage distribution, the impact of a minimum wage increase on the household income distribution is quite limited.
Overt and Covert Object Features Mediate Timing of Patterned Brain Activity during Motor Planning
Authors: Marneweck Michelle , Grafton Scott T 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHumans are seamless in their ability to efficiently and reliably generate fingertip forces to gracefully interact with objects. Such interactions rarely end in awkward outcomes like spilling, crushing, or tilting given advanced motor planning. Here we combine multiband imaging with deconvolution- and Bayesian pattern component modeling of functional magnetic resonance imaging data and in-scanner kinematics, revealing compelling evidence that the human brain differentially represents preparatory information for skillful object interactions depending on the saliency of visual cues. Earlier patterned activity was particularly evident in ventral visual processing stream-, but also selectively in dorsal visual processing stream and cerebellum in conditions of heightened uncertainty when an object’s superficial shape was incompatible rather than compatible with a key underlying object feature.
Mental Health Impact of the First Wave of COVID-19 Pandemic on Spanish Healthcare Workers: a Large Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Alonso Jordi , Vilagut Gemma , Mortier Philippe , Ferrer Montse , Alayo Itxaso , Aragón-Peña Andrés , Aragonès Enric , Campos Mireia , del Cura-González Isabel , Emparanza José I. , Espuga Meritxell , Forjaz M. Joao , Pinto Ana González , Haro Josep M. , Fresneña Nieves López , de Salázar Alma Martínez , Molina Juan D. , Lucas Rafael M. Ortí , Parellada Mara , Pelayo-Terán José Maria , Zapata Aurora Pérez , Pijoan José I. , Plana Nieves , Puig Teresa , Rius Cristina , Rodriguez-Blazquez Carmen , Sanz Ferran , Serra Consol , Kessler Ronald C. , Bruffaerts Ronny , Vieta Eduard , Pérez-Solá Víctor ,   MINDCOVID Working group
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionHealthcare workers are vulnerable to adverse mental health impacts of COVID-19. We assessed prevalence of mental disorders and associated factors during the first wave of the pandemic among healthcare professionals in Spain.MethodsAll workers in 18 healthcare institutions (6 AACC) in Spain were invited to a series of online surveys assessing a wide range of individual characteristics, COVID-19 infection status and exposure, and mental health status. Here we report: current mental disorders (Major Depressive Disorder-MDD- [PHQ-8≥10], Generalized Anxiety Disorder-GAD- [GAD-7≥10], Panic attacks, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder –PTSD- [PCL-5≥7]; and Substance Use Disorder –SUD-[CAGE-AID≥2]. Severe disability assessed by the Sheehan Disability Scale was used to identify “disabling” current mental disorders.Results9,138 healthcare workers participated. Prevalence of screen-positive disorder: 28.1% MDD; 22.5% GAD, 24.0% Panic; 22.2% PTSD; and 6.2% SUD. Overall 45.7% presented any current and 14.5% any disabling current mental disorder. Healthcare workers with prior lifetime mental disorders had almost twice the prevalence of current disorders than those without. Adjusting for all other variables, odds of any disabling mental disorder were: prior lifetime disorders (TUS: OR=5.74; 95%CI 2.53-13.03; Mood: OR=3.23; 95%CI:2.27-4.60; Anxiety: OR=3.03; 95%CI:2.53-3.62); age category 18-29 years (OR=1.36; 95%CI:1.02-1.82), caring “all of the time” for COVID-19 patients (OR=5.19; 95%CI: 3.61-7.46), female gender (OR=1.58; 95%CI: 1.27-1.96) and having being in quarantine or isolated (OR= 1.60; 95CI:1.31-1.95).ConclusionsCurrent mental disorders were very frequent among Spanish healthcare workers during the first wave of COVID-19. As the pandemic enters its second wave, careful monitoring and support is needed for healthcare workers, especially those with previous mental disorders and those caring COVID-19 very often.
A Machine Learning Study of 534,023 Medicare Beneficiaries with COVID-19: Implications for Personalized Risk Prediction
Authors: Dun Chen , Walsh Christi M. , Bae Sunjae , Adalja Amesh , Toner Eric , Lash Timothy A. , Hashim Farah , Paturzo Joseph , Segev Dorry L. , Makary Martin A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundGlobal demand for a COVID-19 vaccine will exceed the initial limited supply. Identifying individuals at highest risk of COVID-19 death may help allocation prioritization efforts. Personalized risk prediction that uses a broad range of comorbidities requires a cohort size larger than that reported in prior studies.MethodsMedicare claims data was used to identify patients age 65 years or older with diagnosis of COVID-19 between April 1, 2020 and August 31, 2020. Demographic characteristics, chronic medical conditions, and other patient risk factors that existed before the advent of COVID-19 were identified. A random forest model was used to empirically explore factors associated with COVID-19 death. The independent impact of factors identified were quantified using multivariate logistic regression with random effects.ResultsWe identified 534,023 COVID-19 patients of whom 38,066 had an inpatient death. Demographic characteristics associated with COVID-19 death included advanced age (85 years or older: aOR: 2.07; 95% CI, 1.99-2.16), male sex (aOR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.82-1.94), and non-white race (Hispanic: aOR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.66-1.83). Leading comorbidities associated with COVID-19 mortality included sickle cell disease (aOR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.21-2.47), chronic kidney disease (aOR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.29-1.36), leukemias and lymphomas (aOR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.14-1.30), heart failure (aOR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.16-1.22), and diabetes (aOR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.15-1.22).ConclusionsWe created a personalized risk prediction calculator to identify candidates for early vaccine and therapeutics allocation (www.predictcovidrisk.com). These findings may be used to protect those at greatest risk of death from COVID-19.
Anakinra To Prevent Respiratory Failure In COVID-19
Authors: Kyriazopoulou Evdoxia , Panagopoulos Periklis , Metallidis Simeon , Dalekos George N. , Poulakou Garyfallia , Gatselis Nikolaos , Karakike Eleni , Saridaki Maria , Loli Georgia , Stefos Aggelos , Prasianaki Danai , Georgiadou Sarah , Tsachouridou Olga , Petrakis Vasileios , Tsiakos Konstantinos , Kosmidou Maria , Lygoura Vassiliki , Dareioti Maria , Milionis Haralampos , Papanikolaou Ilias C. , Akinosoglou Karolina , Myrodia Dimitra-Melia , Gravvani Areti , Stamou Aliki , Gkavogianni Theologia , Katrini Konstantina , Marantos Theodoros , Trontzas Ioannis P. , Syrigos Konstantinos , Chatzis Loukas , Chatzis Stamatios , Vechlidis Nikolaos , Avgoustou Christina , Chalvatzis Stamatios , Kyprianou Miltiades , van der Meer Jos W. M. , Eugen-Olsen Jesper , Netea Mihai G. , Giamarellos-Bourboulis Evangelos J. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe management of pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 should rely on early recognition of the risk for progression to severe respiratory failure (SRF) and its prevention. We investigated if early suPAR (soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor)-guided anakinra treatment could prevent COVID-19-assocated SRF.MethodsIn this open-label prospective trial, 130 patients admitted with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia SARS-CoV-2 and suPAR levels ≥6 μg/l were assigned to subcutaneous anakinra 100mg once daily for 10 days. The primary outcome was the incidence of SRF at day 14. Secondary outcomes were 30-day mortality, changes in sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, of cytokine-stimulation pattern and of circulating inflammatory mediators. Equal number of propensity score-matched comparators for comorbidities, severity on admission and standard-of care (SOC) were studied.ResultsThe incidence of SRF was 22.3% (95% CI, 16.0-30.2%) among anakinra-treated patients and 59.2% (95% CI, 50.6-67.3%; P: 4.6 x 10−8) among SOC comparators (hazard ratio, 0.30; 95%CI, 0.20-0.46). 30-day mortality was 11.5% (95% CI, 7.1-18.2%) and 22.3% (95% CI, 16.0-30.2%) respectively (hazard ratio 0.49; 95% CI 0.25-0.97%; P: 0.041). Anakinra treatment was associated with decrease in SOFA score and in circulating interleukin (IL)-6, sCD163 and sIL2-R; the serum IL-10/IL-6 ratio on day 7 was inversely associated with the change in SOFA score. Duration of stay at the intensive care unit and at hospital was shortened compared to the SOC group; the cost of hospitalization was decreased.ConclusionsEarly suPAR-guided anakinra treatment is associated with decrease of the risk for SRF and restoration of the pro- /anti-inflammatory balance.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04357366