bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crustal Thermal Structure and Exhumation Rates in the Southern Alps Near the Central Alpine Fault, New Zealand
Authors: Michailos Konstantinos , Sutherland Rupert , Townend John , Savage Martha K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe investigate orogenic uplift rates and the thermal structure of the crust in the hanging wall of the Alpine Fault, New Zealand, using the hypocenters of 7,719 earthquakes that occurred in the central Southern Alps between late 2008 and early 2017, and previously published thermochronological data. We assume that the base of the seismogenic zone corresponds to a brittle‐ductile transition at some fixed temperature, which we estimate by fitting the combined thermochronological data and distribution of seismicity using a multi‐1‐D approach. We find that exhumation rates vary from 1 to 8 mm/yr, with maximum values observed in the area of highest topography near Aoraki/Mount Cook, a finding consistent with previous geologic and geodetic analyses. We estimate the temperature of the brittle‐ductile transition beneath the Southern Alps to be 410–430°C, which is higher than expected for Alpine Fault rocks whose bulk lithology is likely dominated by quartz. The high estimated temperatures at the base of the seismogenic zone likely reflect the unmodeled effects of high fluid pressures or strain rates.
Geomagnetic Deviation of Relativistic Electron Beams Producing Terrestrial Gamma Ray Flashes
Authors: Celestin Sebastien , Berge Nini L. , Mailyan Bagrat G. , Briggs Michael S. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, we investigate the effect of the geomagnetic field on terrestrial gamma ray flashes (TGFs). Although this effect should be relatively weak for a single event, for example compared to the effect of the electric field orientation in the source region, it must be systematically present. Indeed, we show that a statistically significant excess of TGFs is detected to the east of their presumed lightning source by Fermi‐Gamma‐ray Burst Monitor (GBM). The corresponding eastward deviation is found to be likely greater than 0.1° in longitude, which is consistent with the expected effect of the geomagnetic field on relativistic runaway electron beams producing TGFs. Using analytical and numerical means, we show that the geomagnetic deviation can be used to estimate the magnitude of the electric field in TGF source regions. The electric field magnitudes we obtain are consistent with those necessary to drive relativistic runaway electron avalanches (RREAs).
Modelling the dynamics of Pine Wilt Disease with asymptomatic carriers and optimal control
Authors: Khan Muhammad Altaf , Ahmed L. , Mandal Prashanta Kumar , Smith Robert , Haque Mainul 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPine wilt disease is a lethal tree disease caused by nematodes carried by pine sawyer beetles. Once affected, the trees are destroyed within a few months, resulting in significant environmental and economic losses. The role of asymptomatic carrier trees in the disease dynamics remains unclear. We developed a mathematical model to investigate the effect of asymptomatic carriers on the long-term outcome of the disease. We performed a stability and sensitivity analysis to identify key parameters and used optimal control to examine several intervention options. Our model shows that, with the application of suitable controls, the disease can be eliminated in the vector population and all tree populations except for asymptomatic carriers. Of the possible controls (tree injection, elimination of infected trees, insecticide spraying), we determined that elimination of infected trees is crucial. However, if the costs of insecticide spraying increase, it can be supplemented (although not replaced entirely) by tree injection, so long as some spraying is still undertaken.
Structure-based designing efficient peptides based on p53 binding site residues to disrupt p53-MDM2/X interaction
Authors: Rasafar Nasim , Barzegar Abolfazl , Mehdizadeh Aghdam Elnaz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMDM2 and MDMX are known as overexpressed oncoproteins in several wild-type p53 cancer cells. The development of potent and dual antagonist peptides for p53-MDM2/X is a continuous challenge. In this study, we intended to investigate the pivotal structural points respecting the development of potent and dual inhibitors of MDM2/X. Correspondingly, MD simulation was performed on the experimentally confirmed peptides, comprising p53, pDI, pDIQ, PMI, and computationally screened mutant pDI and pDIQ. A follow-up secondary structure analysis showed the last three C-terminal residues provide the helicity reservation of peptides bound to MDM2/X. Furthermore, a delicate residue-residue examination displayed Met 11 and Ser12 in the modified peptides contribute significantly to dual inhibition of MDM2/X. Additionally, the peptides_MDM2/X complexes’ ΔGbinding extracted by the umbrella sampling method were in agreement with the pattern of their experimental affinity values. It was concluded the screened pDI mutants were considered as suitable anti-MDM2/X peptides, and the data obtained could be exploited as the theoretical structure-based guide for rational peptide design. Taking account of results, the suitable C-terminal residues of p53-based peptides especially Met11, and Ser12, as well as higher umbrella sampling, generated ΔGbinding to MDM2/X would be considered as the positive structural markers of a promising anti-cancer agent.
Immunization against leukemia inhibitory factor and its receptor suppresses tumor formation of breast cancer initiating cells in BALB/c mouse
Authors: Ghanei Zahra , Mehri Nahid , Jamshidizad Abbas , Joupari Morteza Daliri , Shamsara Mehdi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractImmunotherapy is a promising approach for specific targeting of cancer cells. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) regulates several features of cancers and cancer stem cells (CSCs) through binding to LIF receptor (LIFR). In this study, we investigated the consensus of LIF and LIFR immunization on the growth of mouse mammary tumors. For this purpose, mouse LIF and LIFR were designed as truncated proteins, expressed in E. coli and then injected to mice as individual and mixed antigens. The results showed the production of neutralizing antibodies and secretion of interferon-γ and interleukin-2 in response to immunization. In continue, the immunized mice were subjected for tumor formation challenge by inoculation of the breast CSCs derived from MC4-L2 cells. Development of the breast tumors was observed in all the control mice, while the tumors appeared in 75% of animals in the LIF group. LIFR injection, individually or in combination with LIF, strongly inhibited the tumor growth to only 25% of the mice. Moreover, a delay in tumor appearance was observed in the immunized mice compared to the controls. Immunostaining of the tumor sections confirmed the expression of LIF and LIFR. In conclusion, LIF and LIFR might be effective targets for immunotherapy of the tumors that express these proteins.
Magnetosomes could be protective shields against metal stress in magnetotactic bacteria
Authors: Muñoz D. , Marcano L. , Martín-Rodríguez R. , Simonelli L. , Serrano A. , García-Prieto A. , Fdez-Gubieda M. L. , Muela A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMagnetotactic bacteria are aquatic microorganisms with the ability to biomineralise membrane-enclosed magnetic nanoparticles, called magnetosomes. These magnetosomes are arranged into a chain that behaves as a magnetic compass, allowing the bacteria to align in and navigate along the Earth’s magnetic field lines. According to the magneto-aerotactic hypothesis, the purpose of producing magnetosomes is to provide the bacteria with a more efficient movement within the stratified water column, in search of the optimal positions that satisfy their nutritional requirements. However, magnetosomes could have other physiological roles, as proposed in this work. Here we analyse the role of magnetosomes in the tolerance ofMagnetospirillum gryphiswaldenseMSR-1 to transition metals (Co, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cu). By exposing bacterial populations with and without magnetosomes to increasing concentrations of metals in the growth medium, we observe that the tolerance is significantly higher when bacteria have magnetosomes. The resistance mechanisms triggered in magnetosome-bearing bacteria under metal stress have been investigated by means of x-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy (XANES). XANES experiments were performed both on magnetosomes isolated from the bacteria and on the whole bacteria, aimed to assess whether bacteria use magnetosomes as metal storages, or whether they incorporate the excess metal in other cell compartments. Our findings reveal that the tolerance mechanisms are metal-specific: Mn, Zn and Cu are incorporated in both the magnetosomes and other cell compartments; Co is only incorporated in the magnetosomes, and Ni is incorporated in other cell compartments. In the case of Co, Zn and Mn, the metal is integrated in the magnetosome magnetite mineral core.
A synthetic retinoic acid receptor agonist Am80 ameliorates renal fibrosis via inducing the production of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein
Authors: Watanabe Hiroshi , Bi Jing , Murata Ryota , Fujimura Rui , Nishida Kento , Imafuku Tadashi , Nakamura Yuka , Maeda Hitoshi , Mukunoki Ayumi , Takeo Toru , Nakagata Naomi , Kurauchi Yuki , Katsuki Hiroshi , Tanaka Motoko , Matsushita Kazutaka , Fukagawa Masafumi , Maruyama Toru 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRenal fibrosis is a major factor in the progression of chronic kidney disease and the final common pathway of kidney injury. Therefore, the effective therapies against renal fibrosis are urgently needed. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Am80, a synthetic retinoic acid receptor (RAR) agonist, in the treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis using unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice. The findings indicate that Am80 treatment suppressed renal fibrosis and inflammation to the same degree as the naturally-occuring retinoic acid, all-trans retinoic acid (atRA). But the adverse effect of body weight loss in Am80-treated mice was lower compared to the atRA treatment. The hepatic mRNA levels of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), a downstream molecule of RAR agonist, was increased following administration of Am80 to healthy mice. In addition, increased AGP mRNA expression was also observed in HepG2 cells and THP-1-derived macrophages that had been treated with Am80. AGP-knockout mice exacerbated renal fibrosis, inflammation and macrophage infiltration in UUO mice, indicating endogenous AGP played an anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory role during the development of renal fibrosis. We also found that no anti-fibrotic effect of Am80 was observed in UUO-treated AGP-knockout mice whereas atRA treatment tended to show a partial anti-fibrotic effect. These collective findings suggest that Am80 protects against renal fibrosis via being involved in AGP function.
Prothrombotic fibrin clot properties associated with NETs formation characterize acute pulmonary embolism patients with higher mortality risk
Authors: Ząbczyk Michał , Natorska Joanna , Janion-Sadowska Agnieszka , Metzgier-Gumiela Agnieszka , Polak Mateusz , Plens Krzysztof , Janion Marianna , Skonieczny Grzegorz , Mizia-Stec Katarzyna , Undas Anetta 
Published: July 2020

AbstractVenous thromboembolism is associated with formation of denser fibrin clots resistant to lysis. We investigated whether prothrombotic plasma clot properties are associated with the severity of acute pulmonary embolism (PE). We enrolled 126 normotensive acute PE patients (aged 58 ± 14 years) and 25 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Plasma fibrin clot permeability (Ks), clot lysis time (CLT), endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), and citrullinated histone H3 (citH3) were evaluated on admission. PE patients compared to controls had 370% higher citH3 levels, 41% higher ETP, 16.5% reduced Ks, and 25.6% prolonged CLT. Patients with intermediate-high (n = 29) and intermediate-low (n = 77) PE mortality risk had reduced Ks and prolonged CLT, increased PAI-1 and ETP as compared to low-risk PE (n = 20) patients. Prolonged CLT was predicted by PAI-1 and citH3, while low Ks by C-reactive protein. During a 12-month follow-up 9 (7.1%) patients who had 24% higher ETP, 45% higher citH3 levels, and 18% prolonged CLT at baseline died. High ETP combined with elevated citH3 levels and prolonged CLT was associated with eightfold increased risk of PE-related death. Prothrombotic fibrin clot properties and enhanced neutrophil extracellular traps formation are associated with higher early mortality risk in acute PE patients, which suggests a prognostic role of these biomarkers.
Frontline Interventions: Considerations for Modifying Fluids and Foods for Management of Feeding and Swallowing Disorders Across the Life Span
Authors: Gosa Memorie M. , Dodrill Pamela , Robbins JoAnne 
Published: July 2020

PurposeIndividuals with dysphagia across the age continuum may require dietary modifications of fluids and foods for safe and adequate oral intake. Considerations of this frontline intervention are presented in this clinical forum dedicated to the discussion of dysphagia.MethodThis clinical focus article reviews the technical challenges of providing modified fluids and foods across the life span as well as the literature specific to its origins, efficacy, challenges and solutions to standardization, and the methods for ensuring quality service delivery.ConclusionDietary modification is an often-used method of dysphagia management that presents unique challenges to the clinician for successful application. Speech-language pathologists in clinical practice across all settings must remain dedicated to evidence-based practice as they navigate service delivery of this strategy to individuals with dysphagia across the life span.
Using PCAand one‐stage detectors for real‐time forest fire detection
Authors: Wu Shixiao , Guo Chengcheng , Yang Jianfeng 
Published: July 2020

This study investigated the potential for using principal component analysis (PCA) to improve real‐time forest fire detection with popular algorithms, such as YOLOv3 and SSD. Before YOLOv3/SSD training, the authors utilised PCA to extract features. Results showed that PCA with YOLOv3 increased the mean average precision (mAP) by 7.3%. PCA with SSD increased the mAP by 4.6%. These results suggest that PCA to be a robust tool for improving different objective detection networks.
Recovering Quality of Life: Deutsche Übersetzung eines
Fragebogens zur Erfassung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität von
Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen
Authors: Grochtdreis Thomas , König Hans-Helmut , Dams Judith 
Published: July 2020

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, den
Selbstbeurteilungsfragebogen „Recovering Quality of Life
(ReQoL)“ zur Messung der gesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität
von Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen in die deutsche Sprache zu
übersetzen.
Methodik Die Übersetzung des Fragebogens in die deutsche
Sprache erfolgte durch 2 voneinander unabhängige qualifizierte
Übersetzer. Diskrepanzen in der Bedeutung und Terminologie wurden
durch den Vergleich einer Rückübersetzung mit der
Originalversion ermittelt. Die deutsche Übersetzung des Fragebogens
wurde mit 5 Patienten mit psychischen Erkrankungen vorgetestet.
Ergebnisse Die Übersetzung einiger englischer Formulierungen
des Fragebogens in die deutsche Sprache gestaltete sich,
hauptsächlich aufgrund sprachlicher und kultureller Unterschiede,
schwierig. Durch eine Expertendiskussion der Übersetzung und einen
Pretest mit psychisch erkrankten Patienten konnten geeignete Formulierungen
gefunden werden.
Schlussfolgerung Es liegt eine deutsche Version des
Selbstbeurteilungsfragebogens ReQoL vor, um die gesundheitsbezogene
Lebensqualität von Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen zu
erfassen.
Methanobrevibacter smithii Archaemia in Febrile Patients With Bacteremia, Including Those With Endocarditis
Authors: Drancourt Michel , Djemai Kenza , Gouriet Frédérique , Grine Ghiles , Loukil Ahmed , Bedotto Marielle , Levasseur Anthony , Lepidi Hubert , Bou-Khalil Jacques , Khelaifia Saber , Raoult Didier 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
The spectrum of infections caused by methanogens remains to be described. We searched for methanogens in the blood of febrile patients using specific tools.

Methods
Blood culture samples routinely collected in patients with fever were prospectively screened by specific PCR assays for methanogens. Positive samples were observed by autofluorescence and electron microscopy, analyzed by metagenomics and cultured using previously developed methods. Blood culture bottles experimentally inoculated were used as controls. The presence of methanogens in vascular and cardiac tissues was assessed by indirect immunofluorescence, fluorescent in situ hybridization and PCR-based investigations.

Results
PCR detection attempted in 7,716 blood samples, was negative in all 1,312 aerobic bottles and 810 bacterial culture-negative anaerobic bottles. PCRs were positive in 27/5,594 (0.5%) bacterial culture-positive anaerobic bottles collected from 26 patients. Sequencing confirmed Methanobrevibacter smithii associated with staphylococci in 14 patients, Enterobacteriaceae in nine patients and streptococci in three patients. Metagenomics confirmed M. smithii in five samples, and M. smithii was isolated in broth from two samples; the genomes of these two isolates were sequenced. Blood cultures experimentally inoculated with Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus epidermidis or Staphylococcus hominis yielded hydrogen, but no methane, authentifying observational data. Three patients diagnosed with infectious mitral endocarditis, were indisputably diagnosed by microscopy, PCR-based detections and culture: we showed M. smithii microscopically and by a specific PCR followed by sequencing method in two of three cardiovascular tissues.

Conclusions
Using appropriate laboratory methods, M. smithii is demonstrated as causing archaemia and endocarditis in febrile patients who are coinfected by bacteria.
Implementation of coronary computed tomography angiography as nationally recommended first-line test in patients with suspected chronic coronary syndrome: impact on the use of invasive coronary angiography and revascularization
Authors: Nissen Louise , Winther Simon , Schmidt Morten , Rønnow Sand Niels Peter , Urbonaviciene Grazina , Zelechowski Marek Wojciech , Christensen Martin Kirk , Busk Martin , Lambrechtsen Jess , Diederichsen Axel , Elpert Frank-Peter , Grove Erik Lerkevang , Bøtker Hans Erik , Bøttcher Morten 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAims To investigate the impact of applying coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), as the recommended first-line diagnostic test in patients with suspected chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) on the use of invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and revascularization practice.Methods and results We included all patients undergoing a first-time CCTA (n = 53555) and first-time ICA (n = 41451) from 2008 to 2017 due to suspected CCS in Western Denmark (3.3 million inhabitants). The number of CCTA procedures increased from 352 (2008) to 7739 (2017) (2098%), ICA examinations declined from 4538 to 3766 (17%). The average proportion of no- or non-obstructive coronary artery disease by CCTA was 77.5%. Referral to ICA after CCTA occurred in 16.9% of patients in 2008–10 vs. 13.9% in 2014–17 (P &lt; 0.0001). Revascularization in patients referred to ICA after CCTA increased from 33.8% in 2008–10 vs. 44.4% in 2014–17 (P &lt; 0.0001). The revascularization proportion in patients undergoing ICA with no preceding CCTA was 32.3% in 2008–10 vs. 33.3% in (2014–17) (P = 0.1063). Stratified by age, the overall revascularization proportion increased in the younger age groups and was unchanged or decreased in older age groups: &lt;50 years: 60% increase, 50–59 years: 33% increase, 60–69 years: 0%, and &gt;70 years: 9.5% decrease.Conclusion The introduction of CCTA as a first-line diagnostic test in patients with suspected CCS does not associate with increased use of invasive angiography and seems to have facilitated a more appropriate revascularization practice.
Long non-coding RNA ABHD11-AS1 boosts gastric cancer development by regulating miR-361-3p/PDPK1 signalling
Authors: Xin Hairong , Yan Zhifeng , Cao Jie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers in gastrointestinal malignant tumours. Long non-coding RNAs were widely reported to play a significant role in the regulation of occurrence or development of tumours. Bioinformatics analysis and a wide range of experiments were conducted to explore the expression status, specific function and molecular mechanism of long non-coding RNA ABHD11 antisense RNA 1 (ABHD11-AS1). ABHD11-AS1 knockdown repressed cell proliferation but enhanced cell apoptosis in function. We proved that miR-361-3p directly combines with the 3′wUTR of PDPK2 and ABHD11-AS1 cooperated with miR-361-3p to modulate PDPK2 mRNA and protein levels. Rescue assays confirmed that the miR-361-3p silence reversed the suppressive effect of ABHD11-AS1 deficiency. In summary, ABHD11-AS1 boosts GC development by regulating miR-361-3p/PDPK1 signalling.
Optimizing actigraphic estimates of polysomnographic sleep features in insomnia disorder
Authors: te Lindert Bart H W , van der Meijden Wisse P , Wassing Rick , Lakbila-Kamal Oti , Wei Yishul , Van Someren Eus J W , Ramautar Jennifer R 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Study Objectives
Actigraphy is a useful tool for estimating sleep, but less accurately distinguishes sleep and wakefulness in patients with insomnia disorder (ID) than in good sleepers. Specific algorithm parameter settings have been suggested to improve the accuracy of actigraphic estimates of sleep onset or nocturnal sleep and wakefulness in ID. However, a direct comparison of how different algorithm parameter settings affect actigraphic estimates of sleep features has been lacking. This study aimed to define the optimal algorithm parameter settings for actigraphic estimates of polysomnographic sleep features in people suffering from ID and matched good sleepers.

Methods
We simultaneously recorded actigraphy and polysomnography without sleep diaries during 210 laboratory nights of people with ID (n = 58) and matched controls (CTRL) without sleep complaints (n = 56). We analyzed cross-validation errors using 150 algorithm parameter configurations and Bland–Altman plots of sleep features using the optimal settings.

Results
Optimal sleep onset latency and total sleep time (TST) errors were lower in CTRL (8.9 ± 2.1 and 16.5 ± 2.1 min, respectively) than in ID (11.7 ± 0.8 and 29.1 ± 3.4 min). The sleep–wake algorithm, a period duration of 5 min, and a wake sensitivity threshold of 40 achieved optimal results in ID and near-optimal results in CTRL. Bland–Altman plots were nearly identical for ID and controls for all common all-night sleep features except for TST.

Conclusion
This systematic evaluation shows that actigraphic sleep feature estimation can be improved by using uncommon parameter settings. One specific parameter setting provides (near-)optimal estimation of sleep onset and nocturnal sleep across ID and controls.