bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palladium‐Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Arylation of Cyclic N‐Sulfonyl α‐Ketimino Esters towards the Synthesis of α‐Quaternary Chiral Amino Acid Derivatives
Authors: Wu Chun‐Yan , Xu Ming‐Hua 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe have developed a highly effective palladium/PHOX catalyst system for efficient asymmetric 1,2‐addition of arylboronic acids to six‐membered 1,2,6‐thiadiazine‐1,1‐dioxide type cyclic N‐sulfonyl α‐iminoesters. The protocol allows convenient synthesis of a variety of nearly optically pure α‐quaternary amino acid derivatives under mild reaction conditions. The synthetic utility of the reaction is demonstrated by simple product transformations. It allows the convenient construction of α,γ‐substituted chiral γ‐lactams having two carbon stereogenic centres, including one quaternary centre, in a highly enantiomerically pure form. This chemistry may be used to generate analogous molecules of BMS‐561392 for bioactivity screening and drug discovery.
A Polyaniline‐Based Redox‐Active Composite Gel Electrolyte with Photo‐Electric and Electrochromic Properties
Authors: Aljafari Belqasem , Indrakar Sharan K. , Ram Manoj K. , Biswas Prasanta K. , Stefanakos Elias , Takshi Arash 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA polyaniline (PANI)‐based gel material with a redox‐active nature has demonstrated unique charge storage, photovoltaic, and electrochromic properties in the bulk of the gel. The specific capacitance in the volume of the gel was measured to be 428.9 mF g−1. Also, a hybrid device for concurrent solar energy harvesting and charge storage was made simply by placing a layer of the gel between a TiO2 coated electrode and a carbon electrode. The hybrid device showed 137 mV open circuit voltage under the light condition with only 10 mV voltage drop in 600 s after cessation of light. The electrochromic property of the composite gel was also studied in a device made of two transparent electrodes. The results showed 64 % transmittance at 564 nm and zero transmittance when the cell was biased at 0.0 V and 2.0 V, respectively. The photoelectric property and the redox‐active nature of the gel suggest existence of both ionic and electronic conductions through the electrolytes. The results are encouraging to further customize the composite gel for various applications, including supercapacitors, solar cells, photoactive supercapacitors, and electrochromic windows.
Encoding Chiral Molecular Information in Metal Structures
Authors: Wattanakit Chularat , Kuhn Alexander 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe concept of encoding molecular information in bulk metals has been proposed over the past decade. The structure of various types of molecules, including enantiomers, can be imprinted in achiral substrates. Typically, to encode metals with chiral information, several approaches, based on chemical and electrochemical concepts, can be used. In this Minireview, recent achievements with respect to the development of such materials are discussed, including the entrapment of chiral biomolecules in metals, the chiral imprinting of metals, as well as the combination of imprinting with nanostructuring. The features and potential applications of these designer materials, such as chirooptical properties, enantioselective adsorption and separation, as well as their use for asymmetric synthesis will be presented. This will illustrate that the development of molecularly encoded metal structures opens up very interesting perspectives, especially in the frame of chiral technologies.
Research on color optimization of tricolor product considering color harmony and users' emotion
Authors: Guo Fu , Li Fengxiang , Nagamachi Mitsuo , Hu Mingcai , Li Mingming 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThere are few studies on the tricolor design optimization, and the influence of color‐area ratio on users' emotion has been ignored. This article aims to achieve multiobjective optimization of tricolor product color design. Two modes of color‐area ratio are put forward. Using the proposed method of generating tricolor schemes, 368 tricolor schemes of the representative baby carriage are designed. Through questionnaire survey, color images are screened, and combined with correlation analysis and factor analysis, five perceptual features of color design are determined as “Order,” “Excitement,” “Temperature,” “Color harmony,” and “Users' emotional preference.” From two perspectives of color information processing, radial basis function neural networks are used to construct two emotional evaluation models. By integrating the radial basis function neural networks and a genetic algorithm, this study achieves multiobjective optimization of tricolor product color design for two optimization objectives of color harmony and users' emotional preference. Verification results show that the optimization schemes are significantly better than other schemes. Due to similar product characteristics, children's electric car is utilized to verify the generalization capability of the optimization method proposed in this article. It has been demonstrated that the optimization schemes achieve higher scores than randomly selected color schemes and the actual subjective scores match with the predicted scores computed by the color optimization method.
Long‐term follow‐up in peripartum cardiomyopathy patients with contemporary treatment: low mortality, high cardiac recovery, but significant cardiovascular co‐morbidities
Authors: Moulig Valeska , Pfeffer Tobias Jonathan , Ricke‐Hoch Melanie , Schlothauer Stella , Koenig Tobias , Schwab Johannes , Berliner Dominik , Pfister Roman , Michels Guido , Haghikia Arash , Falk Christine S. , Duncker David , Veltmann Christian , Hilfiker‐Kleiner Denise , Bauersachs Johann 
Published: November 2019

AimsPeripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) establishes late in pregnancy or in the first postpartum months. Many patients recover well within the first year, but long‐term outcome studies on morbidity and mortality are rare. Here, we present 5‐year follow‐up data of a German PPCM cohort.Methods and resultsFive‐year follow‐up data were available for 66 PPCM patients (mean age 34 ± 5 years) with a mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 26 ± 9% at diagnosis. Ninety‐eight percent initially received standard heart failure therapy (beta‐blockers, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, and/or mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists), and 86% were additionally treated with dopamine D2 receptor agonists (mainly bromocriptine) and anticoagulation. After 1 year, mean LVEF had improved to 50 ± 11% (n = 48) and further increased to 54 ± 7% at 5‐year follow‐up with 72% of patients having achieved full cardiac recovery (LVEF >50%). At 5‐year follow‐up, only three patients (5%) displayed no recovery, of whom one had died. However, 20% had arterial hypertension and 17% arrhythmias, including paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, or ventricular fibrillation. Moreover, 70% were still on at least one heart failure drug. Subsequent pregnancy occurred in 16 patients with two abortions and 14 uneventful pregnancies. Mean LVEF was 55 ± 7% at 5‐year follow‐up in these patients.ConclusionOur PPCM collective treated with standard therapy for heart failure, dopamine D2 receptor agonists, and anticoagulation displays a high and stable long‐term recovery rate with low mortality at 5‐year follow‐up. However, long‐term use of cardiovascular medication, persisting or de novo hypertension and arrhythmias were frequent.
Numerical study of enhancing vehicle radiator performance using different porous fin configurations and materials
Authors: Baou Maryam , Afsharpanah Farhad , Delavar Mojtaba Aghajani 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA vehicle radiator is used for cooling down the hot working fluid with airflow passing over its flow passages and fins. The proper design of the radiator is very important due to space and weight limitations in automobiles. In this study, a numerical investigation has been conducted on the improvements, which can be obtained by implementing different porous fins in the radiator channels.The effects of different porous fin configurations with the same porous media volume on the heat transfer rate and pressure drop were investigated. The coefficient of performance values were presented for evaluating the overall performance. The investigated geometries included horizontal, vertical, corrugated, and wavy‐corrugated configurations. The results showed that the corrugated pattern had the best thermal performance among these geometries while the horizontal configuration presented the lowest pressure loss, even though the best overall performance belonged to wavy‐corrugated configuration. After selecting this configuration, the influence of different porous materials on the radiator performance was studied. Finally, the radiator with the optimum porous media configuration and material was compared to a conventional radiator. It was found that implementing this porous media in the radiator channels improves its overall thermal performance factor up to 237%.
A modified PLASMIC score including the lactate dehydrogenase/the upper limit of normal ratio more accurately identifies Chinese thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura patients than the original PLASMIC score
Authors: Zhao Na , Zhou Li , Hu Xing , Sun Guangyu , Chen Cui , Fan Xiaoqin , Zhou Shusheng , Tao Xiaogen , Liu Huilan , Zheng Changcheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe PLASMIC score was recently published to aid in the early identification of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) patients. This study aims to evaluate whether this score is suitable for Chinese suspected TTP patients and find the utility of patients' other characteristics in predicting severe ADAMTS13 deficiency.MethodsWe retrospectively studied a Chinese cohort of 38 consecutive hospitalized patients with suspected TTP, ADAMTS13 test results, and other clinical data from September 2016 to May 2018. The predictive power of PLASMIC score in our cohort was evaluated, and patients' other characteristics, especially the high lactate dehydrogenase/the upper limit of normal (LDH/ULN), were studied to determine their distinguishing ability for TTP patients.ResultsIn this Chinese cohort, 17 patients were diagnosed with TTP according to ADAMTS13 activity results. When dichotomized at intermediate‐high risk (scores 5‐7) vs low risk (scores 0‐4), the PLASMIC score predicted TTP with a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 9.52%, and a misdiagnosis rate of 90.48%. And the LDH/ULN alone, or plus platelet count, reticulocyte percentage and indirect bilirubin (IBIL) both had excellent predictive power (area under the curve [AUC] 0.937, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.863‐1.000, P = .000, and AUC 0.994, 95% CI 0.980‐1.000, P = .000, respectively). The model including platelet count, reticulocyte percentage, IBIL, and LDH/ULN ratio had a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 95.2%, and a misdiagnosis rate of 4.8%.ConclusionsA modified PLASMIC score plus LDH/ULN ratio might be more suitable for identifying ADAMTS13 deficiency patients, especially for making an earlier diagnosis, guiding the immediate and reasonable plasma exchange, and also avoiding unnecessary allocation of plasma.
Oncogenic microRNA‐765 promotes the growth and metastasis of breast carcinoma by directly targeting ING4
Authors: Jiao Yanyan , Yuan Cailing , Wu Hongxia , Li Xiaomei , Yu Junhua 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPrevious investigations have proved that microRNA (miR)‐765 is significantly overexpressed in multiple tumor types. Nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanism of miR‐765 in mediating breast carcinoma cell growth and metastasis remains unclear. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the levels of miR‐765 and inhibitor of growth 4 (ING4) in breast carcinoma tissues and breast carcinoma cells. Cell proliferation, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell invasion assays were used to analysis the role of miR‐765 on breast carcinoma cell growth and aggressiveness. The expressions of ING4 were determined using Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical staining. The direct target of ING4 and miR‐765 was confirmed using the luciferase reporter assay. Nude mice were subcutaneously implanted with miR‐765 inhibitor transfected MDA‐MB‐231 cells to determine the potential role of miR‐765 in tumor growth in vivo. We observed that miR‐765 is overexpressed in breast carcinoma tissue and breast cancer cells. By using luciferase reporter gene bioassay, we find that ING4 is the direct target of miR‐765 in breast carcinoma. The level of ING4 is inversely associated with the level of miR‐765. The gain‐of‐function and loss‐of‐function experiments in vitro indicate that the downregulation of miR‐765 suppresses the growth, mobility, and invasion abilities of breast cancer cells by inhibiting ING4. In addition, overexpression of ING4 suppresses the aggressiveness of the MDA‐BA‐231 cell that is induced by miR‐761 in vitro. In this study, we prove that miR‐765 regulates the growth and metastasis of breast cancer via modulating miR‐765‐ING4‐negative feedback loop.
Incorporation of SPION‐casein core‐shells into silk‐fibroin nanofibers for cardiac tissue engineering
Authors: Nazari Hojjatollah , Heirani‐Tabasi Asieh , Hajiabbas Maryam , Salimi Bani Milad , Nazari Mahnaz , Pirhajati Mahabadi Vahid , Rad Iman , Kehtari Mousa , Ahmadi Tafti Seyed Hossein , Soleimani Masoud 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMimicking the structure of extracellular matrix (ECM) of myocardium is necessary for fabrication of functional cardiac tissue. The superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs, Fe3O4), as new generation of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs), are highly intended in biomedical studies. Here, SPION NPs (1 wt%) were synthesized and incorporated into silk‐fibroin (SF) electrospun nanofibers to enhance mechanical properties and topography of the scaffolds. Then, the mouse embryonic cardiac cells (ECCs) were seeded on the scaffolds for in vitro studies. The SPION NPs were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). SF nanofibers were characterized after incorporation of SPIONs by SEM, TEM, water contact angle measurement, and tensile test. Furthermore, cytocompatibility of scaffolds was confirmed by 3‐(4, 5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. SEM images showed that ECCs attached to the scaffolds with elongated morphologies. Also, the real‐time PCR and immunostaining studies approved upregulation of cardiac functional genes in ECCs seeded on the SF/SPION‐casein scaffolds including GATA‐4, cardiac troponin T, Nkx 2.5, and alpha‐myosin heavy chain, compared with the ones in SF. In conclusion, incorporation of core‐shells in SF supports cardiac differentiation, while has no negative impact on ECCs' proliferation and self‐renewal capacity.
Application of a composite membrane aerated biofilm with controllable biofilm thickness in nitrogen removal
Authors: Zeng Ming , Yang Junfeng , Wang Hongting , Wang Chang , Wu Nan , Zhang Wu , Yang Haowei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe manipulation of aeration and biofilm thickness remain two key factors for membrane aerated biofilm. A composite membrane aerated biofilm (CMAB) reactor coated with microorganisms embedded in hydrogel was developed to quantitatively control the biofilm thickness by introducing the microbial immobilization technique.RESULTSResults show that the thin gel film exhibited high dispersion coefficients of oxygen and substrates, and the crosslinking solution of sodium nitrate (NaNO3) contributed to the highest specific ammonium‐nitrogen (NH4+‐N) removal rate of 615.33 mg/(gVSS d) with respect to partial nitrification. Correspondingly, the microbial activity of this thin gel film was also the strongest. Therefore, with the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification, the gel thickness and air pressure co‐determined its efficiency. The optimum biofilm thickness and air pressure was 0.1 mm and 1 kPa, respectively, achieving the nitrogen removal rate of 1594.95 mg/(gVSS d). Furthermore, two abundant denitrifiers of Rhizobium and Thauera dominated the bacterial community of all four samples, and their proportion varied according to the aeration condition. Nitrosomonas tended to enrich in the thin CMAB under low air pressure and few Nitrospira existed.CONCLUSIONThe thickness of developed CMAB can be quantitatively controlled, and the precise regulation of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification might be achieved by adjusting the gel film thickness and air pressure. The CMAB is supposed to greatly facilitate the application of membrane aerated biofilm for nitrogen removal. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis of naphtho[1,2‐b]‐, naphtho[2,1‐b]‐, and naphtho[2,3‐b]azepinones via proton‐induced cyclization of N‐1(2)‐naphthyl styrylacetamides
Authors: Danyliuk Ivanna Y. , Vaskevych Ruslan I. , Vaskevych Alla I. , Suikov Sergii Y. , Rusanov Eduard B. , Chornous Vitalij O. , Vovk Mykhailo V. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOn heating in polyphosphoric acid, N‐1‐naphthyl styrylacetamides undergo proton‐induced intramolecular cyclization at position 2 of the naphthyl ring to provide 5‐aryl‐1,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐2Н‐naphtho[1,2‐b]azepin‐2‐ones, while their N‐2‐naphthyl analogues, when similarly reacted, are cyclized at positions 1 and 3 of the naphthyl ring and at the amide nitrogen atom leading, respectively, to 1‐aryl‐1,2,3,5‐tetrahydro‐4Н‐naphtho[2,1‐b]azepin‐4‐ones, 5‐aryl‐1,3,4,5‐tetrahydro‐2Н‐naphtho[2,3‐b]azepin‐2‐ones, and 5‐aryl‐1‐(2‐naphthyl)pyrrolidin‐2‐ones.
Cathodic protection of buried steel structures: Processes occurring at the steel/soil interface during wet/dry cycles
Authors: Mahlobo Mandlenkosi G. R. , Olubambi Peter A. , Jeannin Marc , Refait Philippe 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe behavior of steel coupons buried in soil under cathodic protection (CP) was studied during wet/dry cycles using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and voltammetry. The coupons were left at open circuit potential for 7 days before applying CP for 51 days at potentials of −0.8 and −1.0 V versus Cu/CuSO4 on coupons 1 and 2, respectively. Wet/dry cycling was achieved by first saturating the soil with an electrolyte inside a sealed electrochemical cell and by allowing the soil to dry by opening the top lid of the cell for various periods in the experiment. Surface analysis was performed after the experiments by X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The soil electrolyte resistance Rs depended mainly on the variations of soil moisture for coupon 1 but was strongly affected by the effects induced by CP for coupon 2. Residual corrosion rates of 17–18 and 7–10 µm/year for coupons 1 and 2, respectively, were estimated via voltammetry. The kinetic parameters vary with the polarization level so that the data obtained with a coupon polarized at a given potential cannot be used to predict the residual corrosion rate of a coupon polarized at another potential.
Modification of an alkyd resin coating by airflow
Authors: Feng Zhenliang , Wang Zi Ming , Song Guang‐Ling , Zheng Dajiang , Xu Yuqing 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe anti‐permeability of an alkyd coating was modified by controlled airflow during the curing process. After the immersion test, the thinner airflow‐modified region had the best anti‐permeability compared with other thicker regions. The abnormal permeation behavior could be attributed to the difference in air pressure caused by the airflow. A model involving solvent evaporation and defect formation processes was proposed to interpret the airflow affected abnormal permeation behavior. This defect modification method may be employed to improve the corrosion resistance of an alkyd coating in a selected area and improve the painting quality in practice.
The effect of yttrium oxide in hydroxyapatite/aluminum oxide hybrid biocomposite materials: Phase, mechanical and morphological evaluation
Authors: Özer A. , Öksüz K.E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study presents the fabrication and characterization of composite materials of hydroxyapatite and aluminum oxide. Hydroxyapatite powder was obtained from bovine bones via conventional calcination routine. Although hydroxyapatite shows great biocompatibility with the human body, its applications are limited to non‐load bearing areas. For this purpose, fine powders of hydroxyapatite/alumina were admixed with 1 and 5 wt.% yittria. Powder‐compacts were sintered by two‐step sintering route by increasing temperature to 1550 °C for 2 h and then sintering at 1450 °C for 4 h. The effect of increasing yittria content on sintering behavior and mechanical properties was investigated in biocomposite hybrid materials.
Influence of electron beam deflection techniques used during the cladding process on the wear and corrosion behaviour of cobalt‐based protective coatings on austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Hegelmann E. , Hengst P. , Hollmann P. , Thronicke J. , Buchwalder A. , Zenker R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe present work aims to improve the wear resistance of the austenitic stainless steel X6CrNiMoTi17‐12‐2. In view of the potential use of this alloy, however, corrosion resistance should be maintained where possible. An electron beam surface treatment (cladding) was performed, and the cobalt‐based alloy Stellite® 12 was used as the wear‐resistant material. The presented results show the effects of several electron beam oscillation figures during the cladding process with regard to layer bonding, microstructure formation and hardness. The surface hardness achieved was 576±18 HV 0.3, almost three times higher than that of the base material (203±3 HV 0.3). The scratch energy density – which represents the resistance to abrasive wear – could be increased by a factor of 1.5. Under abrasive‐adhesive stress loading conditions, the determined wear volume decreased by a factor of almost 5. Based on the corrosion investigations carried out, it was possible to prove that in comparison to the base material, the tendency towards pitting corrosion could be almost completely suppressed.
Association Between Toll‐Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) and Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (TREM2) Genetic Variants and Clinical Progression of Huntington's Disease
Authors: Vuono Romina , Kouli Antonina , Legault Emilie M. , Chagnon Lauriane , Allinson Kieren S. , La Spada Alberto ,   REGISTRY Investigators of the European Huntington's Disease Network, Biunno Ida , Barker Roger A. , Drouin‐Ouellet Janelle 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAlthough Huntington's disease (HD) is caused by a single dominant gene, it is clear that there are genetic modifiers that may influence the age of onset and disease progression.ObjectivesWe sought to investigate whether new inflammation‐related genetic variants may contribute to the onset and progression of HD.MethodsWe first used postmortem brain material from patients at different stages of HD to look at the protein expression of toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2). We then genotyped the TREM2 R47H gene variant and 3 TLR4 single nucleotide polymorphisms in a large cohort of HD patients from the European Huntington's Disease Network REGISTRY.ResultsWe found an increase in the number of cells expressing TREM2 and TLR4 in postmortem brain samples from patients dying with HD. We also found that the TREM2 R47H gene variant was associated with changes in cognitive decline in the large cohort of HD patients, whereas 2 of 3 TLR4 single nucleotide polymorphisms assessed were associated with changes in motor progression in this same group.ConclusionsThese findings identify TREM2 and TLR4 as potential genetic modifiers for HD and suggest that inflammation influences disease progression in this condition. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society