bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic justification for applying instrumental methods of seed quality control
Authors: Musaev F , Pivovarov V , Beleskyi S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The basis of food independence of any country is a reliable seed system, and seed control is a concern of the state in many developed countries. The standard methods used for analyzing the quality of seeds do not meet today’s requirements for seed production, they are laborious, time-consuming, and also uninformative. The contemporary level of scientific knowledge requires the use of new instrumental methods that are highly informative. We have developed an instrumental X-ray method for assessing the quality of vegetable seeds. It is highly informative, quick and easy to perform, and preserves the material being analyzed. The article compares and economically analyzes the widely used standard morphometric method and the implemented instrumental method of X-ray analysis of seeds. It turned out that the use of instrumental methods for seed quality analysis is economically and energetically justified. The method of X-ray analysis of seeds favorably differs in energy efficiency and the period of performance from the standard method. Introduced instrumental method for visual analysis of radiographs is slightly inferior to the standard in labor costs, but the process is significantly accelerated with automatic analysis. The method is automated, which allows to avoid errors in assessing the quality of seeds associated with the operator’s subjectivity. The article calculates the benefit from introducing the X-ray method in the seed control case. It is shown that over a ten-year lifetime of the X-ray diagnostic unit, all the costs of organizing the laboratory pay off even with a relatively small workload and begin to make a profit.
Efficiency of the newest sterile substrate production technology for oyster cultivation
Authors: Soldatenko A , Devochkina N , Ivanova M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article conducted production tests and developed parameters of the innovative technology for substrate preparation under sterile conditions for the cultivation of oyster mushrooms. Oyster mushroom is the second largest industrial mushroom culture, which belongs to the group of wood-destroying mushrooms. World production of oyster mushrooms is about 1.5 million tons per year. Its cultivation is practiced in Italy, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Japan, and Taiwan. Fruit bodies of oyster mushrooms have high nutritional and medicinal value. Biological features of a culture allow its production under conditions of both specialized cultivation facilities and in adapted premises, thereby solving the problem of their effective use. The industrial mushroom production in the Russian Federation is growing due to the construction of industrial complexes for mushroom cultivation. According to experts, the expansion of the cultivation of oyster mushrooms with the use of contemporary technologies and technological equipment is a very promising business for our country. The total annual production of oyster mushrooms does not exceed 4-5 thousand tons, which does not even provide 5-6% of the required domestic demand. In Russia, mushroom producers, farmers, and subsidiary farms are constantly looking for a solution to the problem of acquiring high-quality raw materials, organizing the full technological cycle of production, choosing the technology for preparing the substrate and growing the fruit bodies of the mushroom that would ensure the economic efficiency of the production of fruit bodies of mushrooms. When growing oyster mushrooms in small enterprises, the following simplest methods of processing raw materials are used: soaking in hot water without temperature control and without optimal processing time, respectively. The quality of the substrate prepared in this way is very low, and the level of the resulting crop does not provide cost-effective results, which leads to the cessation of the mushroom production. Therefore, the latest technological and technical solutions to virtually solve the issues of introducing new equipment for the production of high-quality substrate are relevant and important. This will allow to obtain stable yields and effectively lead the production of significant low-calorie fresh protein products, namely oyster mushroom bodies.
Dependence of tuber fluorescence on potato storage duration
Authors: Starovoitov V I , Manokhina A A , Allayarov Zh Zh 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Fluorescent control methods are very sensitive and able to capture the ultra-weak reactions of tubers to lighting. However, they have not been developed due to the high sensitivity and complexity of the analysis of diverse information from natural samples. An important biological feature of tubers is repair, i.e. an ability to renew the cover tissue in places of mechanical damage. To assess the quality of tubers, natural, and wound periderms, a spectrofluorimeter was used. Optical measurements were performed. The spectra were recorded at a low voltage on a photovoltaic multiplier with a slit width of monochromators – 5 nm, in which the object fluorescence was illuminated by light with a variable wavelength. Results of the spectral reaction to these excitations were recorded. Tubers of potato varieties of different maturity groups were used for research. The relationship between the intensity of fluorescence of vitamins (max 468 nm) and flavins (max 520 nm) most fully reflects the state of tubers in different periods of storage. The aim of the study was to assess the quality of tubers by applying the fluorescent method to create a database for the development of portable devices that do not destroy the control of tubers during their storage.
An innovative component of the integration process of the resource potential of the regions of the Siberian Federal District
Authors: Butakova M , Sokolova O , Oskina O 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article contains the results of a study of the resource and innovation potentials of the regions of the Siberian Federal District as the basis for their integration. The authors develop the idea of the necessity and expediency of using the innovation component in the interaction of regions with different potential.
Problems and prospects of cheese production in Russia
Authors: Ugarova I , Pavlusenko O P , Davydenko N I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Russian cheese market is in constant dynamics. A range of products is available on the market, a wide price range makes cheese a product affordable for all segments of the population; and a steady growth in this industry can be predicted. In this regard, an analysis of the prospects for the production and sale of cheese on the Russian market is of scientific and practical interest. Analysis of statistical data of the Federal State Statistics Service, the Territorial Body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Altai Region, as well as analytical materials of the Altai Region Administration for the development of entrepreneurship and market infrastructure are presented and critically analyzed. Trends in the production and sale of cheese products are formulated. Factors hindering their development identified; development vectors in terms of import substitution are defined. The following general scientific research methods were used: analysis and synthesis, comparison, statistical methods, modeling, expert assessment method, description, etc. The scientific novelty of the study consists in assessing the factors determining the development of cheese production in the Russian Federation, as a whole, and in the Altai Region, in particular, and in developing the institutional, industry, and local vectors for its development.
Factors of socio-economic development of rural areas
Authors: Vorobyov S , Bugai Yu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The socio-economic development of rural areas is determined by a complex of factors. The paper proposes the author’s classification of factors, suggesting their division into external (regulated and unregulated by the main business entities and management structures) and internal ones. The characteristics of the main internal factors were given with respect to the sectoral specialization, infrastructure development, as well as considering certain features of the social sphere and the involvement of business entities in the processes of cooperation and economic integration.
The role of peasant farms in the crop industry of the Altai region
Authors: Rygalov E V , Krotov A V , Zinovev A G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article discusses the contribution of peasant (farmer) farms to the crop industry of the Altai Region. The paper estimates a share of the production of grain crops and sunflower, as well as analyzes the differentiation of these indicators within the region and the zonal change of the main indicators of farm activity.
Effect of Fructose on Preparation of Nanocrystalline Zirconium Nitride Powder by Internal Gelation Combined with Carbothermic Nitridation
Authors: Zhao S J , Ma J T , Deng C S , Lin X P , Cheng X , Hao S C , Zhao X Y 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Nanocrystalline zirconium nitride (ZrN) powder was prepared by using internal gelation combined with carbothermic nitridation. As a carbon source, fructose was added in the internal gelation process to facilitate a homogeneous dispersion. Fructose was decomposed and ultrafine carbon was generated in-situ at high temperature. The ultrafine carbon acted as a reducing agent to remove oxygen atoms in carbothermic nitridation process. The effects of fructose on phase composition, morphology, grain size and specific surface area were analysed. The carbothermic nitridation led to a peculiar morphology in the powder particles. The sample with maximum content of ZrN (88.5%) can be obtained when C/Zr = 1.5. And sample with highest specific surface area (237.6 m2/g) can be realized when C/Zr = 2.
Study on Molding of Fused-Silica Material by Pressure Slip-Casting from Alcohol-Based Slurry
Authors: Cao Junchang , Sun Chenggong , Luan Ting , Xing Zhengpeng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this manuscript a kind of alcohol-based slurry was prepared, in which the fused-silica powder, alcohol and thermosetting phenolic resin were the main components. Then, the fused-silica material was prepared by the process of pressure slip-casting, drying, curing and high temperature sintering. And at last, the properties of fused-silica material were analyzed. The slurry used for molding consisted of 82.5% fused-silica powder in which the 6 µm and 30 µm powders were at the ratio of 8:1, 17% alcohol and 0.5% phenolic resin, and settlement of the slurry was 3% after standing still for 2 hours. By pressure slip-casting at 0.5MPa pressure for 30 minutes, the green body with 12 mm thickness was obtained, and the strength of which could reach 2.3MPa after being cured at 90°C for 4 hours. After sintering at 1200°C for 2 hours, the strength of the fused-silica material reached 78MPa and the elastic modulus was 37.7GPa, and quartz and other crystalline phases did not appear in the test of XRD. Scanning electron microscopy showed that silica particles were uniformly distributed in the material.
Optimization of Curing Behavior of Si3N4 UV Resin for Photopolymerization 3D Printing
Authors: Cao Chuanru , Wang Cao , Zhao Zhe 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramics are widely used in mechanical and thermal management applications due to their excellent properties. To overcome the difficulties in traditional Si3N4 ceramic forming techniques, it is interesting to see the possibility of making complex-shaped silicon nitride ceramic component with novel 3D printing methods. In this study, we aim to study the effect of photo-initiators on the curing behavior of pre-formulated Si3N4 ceramic UV resin suspension. To elucidate the potential multi-factor interactions, a statistic experiment design was implemented in a sequence of screening and optimization by using Modde software. It was found that the kinds of photo-initiators, total amount of initiators and the mixture ratio between initiators have a great influence on the curing properties of silicon nitride UV ceramic resin. Based on these results, a formula was selected based on the criterion of using least amount photo-initiator while reaching the highest curing thickness.
Highly Concentrated Hydroxyapatite Suspension for DLP Printing
Authors: Yao Yongxia , Sha Na , Zhao Zhe 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Due to the lack of commercially available high-quality hydroxyapatite (HA) powder, it is still rarely reported by the literature concerning the development of UV resin for digital light processing 3D printing. The previous studies still had the problem of delamination and also poor sintering performance led by low solid-load slurry. Here low viscosity and high solid-load hydroxyapatite (HA) UV resin suspensions were developed for digital light processing 3D printing. In this study, the effect of the type of dispersant, the dose levels of dispersant and the solid load of HA powder on the rheology properties were thoroughly investigated to obtain a flowable highly-concentrated HA UV resin suspension. Finally, a 40vol% slurry with viscosity of 3.7Pa·s at a shear rate of 10 s-1 was successfully developed. After 3D printing and sintering, a dense ceramic with relative density of 95.85% can be obtained at a sintering temperature of 1300°C.
Mechanical Properties of ZrO2 TPMS Structures Prepared by DLP 3D Printing
Authors: Shen Minhao , Wang Cao , Zhao Zhe 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Compressive strength is one of the most important mechanical properties for cellular ceramics. But the dependence of compressive strength of highly porous cellular ceramic structures on porosity remains unclear due to the limit of available methods for making such strong structures based on specific structural designs. In this paper, the TPMS structures, namely P-cell, and neovius structure, were prepared based on the DLP 3D printing technology. Samples with various unit cells were fabricated with zirconia. The relative density of the sintered samples exceeds 99%. The effects of cell number on the compressive strength and deformation of the model were investigated. Samples with similar relative densities exhibited comparable mechanical property in aspect of compressive strength. It is very interesting that the cell number eventually only influence the total strain.
ZTA Ceramic Materials for DLP 3D Printing
Authors: Sun Ying , Wang Cao , Zhao Zhe 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As a new additive manufacturing method, DLP has the advantages of high precision, fast speed and low cost. ZTA ceramic is anticipated to be used in more applications due to its superior bending strength, fracture toughness and thermal conductivity. But the detailed study with ZTA printing material for DLP is still rarely reported. In this experiment, ZTA ceramic UV resin with various ZrO2 concentration (5-15wt.%) were investigated and tested for their 3D printing performance. ZTA ceramic UV resin with low viscosity (<3Pa·s at shear rate of 10s−1) and high solid load (55vol.%) were successfully developed. After sintering at a temperature of ⩾ 1600°C, a relative density of >96% can be always promised. For the optimized doping level of ZrO2 at 11wt%, a density of 99% can be achieved.
XFEM Analysis of the Effect of Fiber Volume Fraction on Crack Propagation in Fiber Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites
Authors: Fang Guangwu , Gao Xiguang , Song Yingdong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The mechanism of crack propagation near the interphase plays an important role in the failure procedure of ceramic matrix composites. The aim of this paper is to examine the effect of fiber volume fraction on the crack propagation. A three-phase unit-cell model was used to describe the micro-structure of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites. The interphase between fiber and matrix was modelled as a finite-thickness cylinder around the fiber. The extended finite element method (XFEM) was applied to simulate the crack initiation and propagation in the unit-cell. Without the definition of crack path priori, the approach based on XFEM can simulate the arbitrary path of cracks growing in the composites. The crack patterns and stress-strain responses for different fiber volume fraction were compared. In particular, the penetration/deflection mechanism when the matrix cracks grow to the interphase was analysed and compared. The results show that the initiation and propagation of the secondary crack/cracks were significantly influenced by the fiber volume fraction.
Preparation and Characterization of An All Oxide Ceramic Matrix Composite by A Novel Method
Authors: Liang Yanyuan , Ma Xin , Qiu Haipeng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Due to the characteristics of high temperature oxidation resistance and high reliability, all oxide composites are ideal materials for components in hot end of aeronautics and astronautics. In this paper, all oxide ceramic matrix composite(CMC) was prepared by a novel method which combined warm pressing of prepreg with PIP using polysilialumoxane as the precursor of mullite. The morphology, structure and mechanical properties of the all oxide CMC were characterized. The results show that polysilialumoxane with a ceramic yield of 53wt%can be completely changed to ceramic at 1200°C and form mullite crystals. The composite with alumina and mullite matrix derived from alumina powder slurry indicated the best mechanical properties, the flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composite reach 208.3Mpa and 128.6Mpa respectively, and the pull-out effect of the fibers is obvious in the process of tensile fracture, and the composites show ductile fracture. whereas the mechanical property decreases significantly after heating at 1200°C for100 hours due to the densification of matrix and abnormal growth of alumina grains in fibers.
Study on Interlaminar Shear Properties of SiO2f/SiO2 Composites Based on Different Braided Structures
Authors: Shi Jiang , Sheng Wang Hong , Wei Qi Hong , Wei Xu Chuan , YangWei Hua , Su Tong , Jun Liu Xiao , Qiu Gao Wen , Tao Shao Chang , Dan Xu Dan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The interlaminar shear properties of SiO2f/SiO2 composites reinforced by needle-punched and 2.5D braided preforms are studied and analyzed. The effects of different temperatures and braiding structures on the interlaminar shear strength were investigated by analyzing the stress curves, macrostructure and microstructure of the composites. The increase of temperature, in a certain range, will change sintering condition of matrix and the bonding between matrix and interface, and thus increase the interlaminar shear strength. Because of the different shape of warp and weft yarn, there is a considerable discrepancy in the interlaminar shear strength of different direction. The interlaminar shear strength of needle-punched braided SiO2f/SiO2 composites is a little higher than the warp direction of 2.5D braided SiO2f/SiO2 composites. The interlaminar shear strength, time and economic cost should be considered comprehensively to select a more suitable braiding structure.
Development of the Environmental Friendly Non-Aqueous Tape Casting Process for High-Quality Si3N4Ceramic Substrates
Authors: Hou Qingdong , Luo Xudong , Xie Zhipeng , An Di , Xiao Zhicai , Ma Bin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA cheap and environmental friendly non-aqueous tape casting process for preparing high quality Si3N4ceramic substrates was explored. A ternary solvent mixture of ethanol, ethyl acetate and butyl acetate-based formula was developed by using castor oil, polyvinyl butyral and dibutyl phthalate as the dispersant, binder and plasticizer, respectively. The influence of dispersant content, binder content and solid loading on the rheological properties of Si3N4slurries was firstly investigated. It was found that the optimized formulation for dispersant, binder and solid loading was 1.6 wt%, 12 wt% and 51 wt%, respectively. The flat, flexible and uniform green tapes with a thickness of 400–500 μm and high-quality including high bulk density, uniform pore distribution and low porosity were obtained. After drying and debinding, the green sheets were sintered at 1900 °C for 2 h, where Si3N4ceramics with a thermal conductivity being 85.79 W·m−1·K−1can be achieved. The sintered samples were one of the most attractive substrate materials for high power electronics applications.
The Study of High Strength Reticulated Vitreous Carbon Preparation Method
Authors: Yan Dachen , Chen Yufeng , Zhang Shichao , Sun Haoran , Sun Xiankai , Fang Kai , Tao Liushi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) is a very promising functional material but the lower strength of foamed carbon greatly limits its application range. In order to increase the strength of the reticulated vitreous carbon, we used to add graphene during the preparation process because of its high strength. The foams were manufactured by multiple replication of a polyurethane foam template structure using ethanolic solutions of phenolic resin and graphene. Then the foams of preparation were carbonized in an inert atmosphere 700°C-1000°C by polyurethane foam impregnated with phenolic resin precursor. The proper addition of graphene was sought by testing the mechanical properties of the reticulated vitreous carbon and observing its microstructure. The results show that the addition of graphene could improve the mechanical properties of reticulated vitreous carbon.
The Microstructure and Shear Strength of SiC Joints Brazed with SiC Particle Reinforced Si-24Ti Alloy
Authors: Li Zhen , Wen Qun , Zhong Zhihong , Wu Yucheng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
To refine the microstructure and increase the joint strength of SiC ceramic brazed with Si-24Ti (wt.%), carbon nanotubes (CNT) were added into Si-24Ti brazing alloy to form SiC particles in the braze zone. The effect of the amount of CNT in the brazing alloy on the microstructure and shear strength of joints was investigated. The microstructure and element distribution of the joint was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS). The results indicated that the addition of the proper amount (1-3 wt.%) of CNT could refine the microstructure of joints and achieve high-quality SiC joints. The shear strength of the joint brazed with 3 wt.% CNT addition reached the maximum value of 108 MPa, which was 21.3% higher than that of without CNT (89 MPa). However, when the amount of CNT increased to 5 wt.%, the shear strength of joint decreased to 55 MPa, due to the formation of cavity in the joint. The strengthening mechanism of in-situ formed SiC particle in the composite brazing alloy was evaluated.
Erosion and Wear Resistance of Cr3C2-NiCr Composite Ceramic Coating for Gun Barrel
Authors: Men Xiangdong , Tao Fenghe , Gan Lin , Li Yue , Liu Zhe 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A Cr3C2-NiCr coating was prepared on the PCrNi3MoVA steel via HVOF for the further use in gun barrel to reduce the wear and erosion of the PCrNi3MoVA steel. The microstructure and interfacial bonding state of the coating were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The erosion resistance of the coating was tested by high-speed hot airflow generated by a modified pressure-vented vessel. The high temperature friction coefficient and high temperature wear resistance of Cr3C2-NiCr coating and PCrNi3MoVA steel substrate were compared by high temperature friction and wear test. Results show that the Cr3C2-NiCr coating combines well with PCrNi3MoVA steel without cracking and shedding. The coating does not fall off under high-speed airflow erosion yet with an oxidation of the surface. The high temperature wear resistance of Cr3C2-NiCr coating is significantly better than that of PCrNi3MoVA steel substrate.