bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on post-partum uterine involution by Ultrasonography and progesterone profile in local goats in Iraq
Authors: Hussain Souhayla O. 
Published: July 2020

The study was conducted to investigate and characteriz the time of uterine involution in local goats in Iraq by measuring the uterine diameter, uterine lumen (mm) and monitoring early post-partum ovarian activity as proved by Ultrasonography and progesterone assessment in local goats. 15 goats were submitted to examine from day 3 to 40 after kidding by Ultrasonography. Trans abdominal ultrasound approach was performed from day 3 to 5 after kidding and continued by trans rectal approach to follow up the uterine involution until day 40. Progesterone levels were measured starting from day of parturition, then a weekly measure until day 34 of post-partum period. Progesterone was assayed by Radio immune assay. The obtained results showed that complete of uterine involution started at day 26 (6.67) % and completed at day 34 post-partum in all does (100%). on the other hand involution of the uterus was completed at day 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 33 after parturition with a percentage of 6.67%, 13.34%, 33.34%, 40%, 46.67%, 66.67%, 73.34% and 80% respectively. Average uterine lumen (mm) from days 3-7, 8- 14, 15- 21, 22- 28, 29 -35 and 36-40 were 9.02, 5.82, 5.14, 3.51, 2.66, and 2.0 (mm) respectively. Average uterine diameter (mm) was 40.25, 33.9, 31.4, 25.57, 20 .15 and 16.35 at day 3-7, 8- 14, 15-28, 29-35 and 36-40 respectively. Regarding progesterone profile, results indicated that the mean value of the hormone was 0.267±0.005 ng /ml at parturition and the values were 0.320±0.007, 0.414±00.5, 0.536 ±0.013, and 1.945 ±0.129 ng/ ml at day 7, 14, 21 and day 30, respectively. It could be concluded that Ultrasonography image proved to be a valuable and safe tool in monitoring uterine involution and measuring of progesterone is a precise biological marker for the detection of resumption of ovarian cyclist during post-partum period.
Determination of some biochemical parameters in clinically healthy and anemic dromedary camels
Authors: AH. Al-Hadithy H. 
Published: July 2020

The study was conducted on 150 healthy and 102 diagnosed iron deficient anemic camels to determine serum iron, total iron binding capacity, unbound iron binding capacity, transferrin saturation, copper and cobalt concentrations. The normal (81 males and 69 females) and anemic (48 males and 54 females) groups both aged between 1-15 years in Najaf governorate- Iraq. Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins into plain tubes during the period November 2014 until May 2015, and the separated sera were used for the measurement of studied parameters. Results showed that the ranges and means ± SE in normal and anemic camels were as follows; Serum iron concentration was 7.37-19.48 μmol/L and 12±0.22 μmol/L, 1.52-15.70 μmol/L and 8.43±0.21 μmol/L, respectively, TIBC 73.80-108.47 μmol/L and 89.19±0.7 μmol/L, 93.12-135.32 μmol/L and 111.28±1.02 μmol/L, respectively, UIBC 57.5-95.25 μmol/L and 76.5±0.74 μmol/L, 83.27-125.69 μmol/L and 102±1.06 μmol/L, respectively, TS% 7.80- 24.04 % and 14.3 ±0.27%, 1.22-14.79% and 7.6±0.21%, respectively, serum copper 6.28-16.5 μmol/L and 11±0.2 μmol/L, 3.67-12.40 μmol/L and 7±0.19 μmol/L, respectively and serum cobalt 0.84-6.78 μmol/L and 3±0.13 μmol/L, 0.42-6.42 μmol/L and 2.67±0.16 μmol/L, respectively. However, There was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in serum iron, TS% and copper. While, there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in serum TIBC and UIBC of anemic camels in comparison with normal control. The cobalt concentrations were almost similar in both groups. The present data recorded reference ranges and mean values of specific biochemical parameters in clinically normal and anemic camels with significant differences between them.
Effect of selenium and melatonin on some parameters Related to metabolic syndrome induced by Acryl amide in male rats (Part I)
Authors: Khudair Khalisa Khadim 
Published: July 2020

This study was designed to investigate the ameliorative role of sodium selenite and melatonin on acryl amide induced metabolic syndrome in adult male rats. Twenty (20) adult male rats were randomly and equally divided into 4 groups (G1, G2, G3 and G4) and were treated orally for seven weeks G1, (control group) was given distilled water, G2 were given orally 1mg/kg /B.W of Acryl amide, G3 group received 1mg/kg /B.W of Acryl amide followed by 0.5 mg/Kg/ B.W. of sodium selenite orally. G4 group received 1 mg/kg /B.W of acryl amide (orally) followed by 8 mg/Kg/ B.W. melatonin (IP/ injection). Fasting blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture at (0, 7 weeks) of the experiment for measuring serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and serum uric acid, in addition to measuring waist circumference .The results showed an occurrence of central obesity, hyper uricemia, dyslipidemia (hyper cholesterolemia, triacyleglycerolemia and lowered high density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentration) in acryl amide treated animals. The results also indicated the alleviation of the changes in the above- mentioned parameters related to metabolic syndrome by sodium selenite and melatonin through lowering central obesity, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, elevation of serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and lowering in serum uric acid.
Isolation of some species of fungi from fecal samples in Zawraa Park Zoo in Baghdad
Authors: I. Al‐Ameed Aseel 
Published: July 2020

Fecal samples were collected from eleven animal species, representing, different species. Samples were collected from cages before daily cleaning, in clean container, the sample was homogenized in tube contain sterile saline and kept for 30 min. and transferring 1 ml of the supernatant into Sabouraud Dextrose broth and incubate at 25-30˚C for two weeks, then 0.1 ml were seeded in Petri dishes containing Sabouraud Dextrose agar with chloramphenicol (50 mg/l). Results indicates high percents isolate for Geotrichum candidium (70.90%) of all animals, the high percents was from Porcupines, Kangaroos, Camels, and ponies (100%), followed by Wolves, Lamas, Dogs, Monkys, Mountain goats, Deers and Lions (83.33, 75, 66.66, 66.66, 50, 28.57 and 20)% respectively. The second high percent isolate was Rhizopus spp. (43.63%) reported in Porcupine, Kangaroo, Camels and Lions was 100% of isolates, followed by Pony (50%), Lama (33.33%), Deers (28.57%) and Monkys (25%). Also Aspergillus niger were isolates (3.63%), from Monkys (8.33%) and from deers (14.28%) while Aspergillus flavus isolates were (1.81) from Wolves (16.66%) and Fusarium spp. isolates (1.81%), from Wolves (16.66%). The results indicated that zoo animals may consider as a source of infection and transmission of fungi.
Histological changes in pituitary-testes axis in rats exposed to cadmium chloride: Protective role of Eruca sativa seeds
Authors: Al-Okaily Baraa Najim 
Published: July 2020

The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effect of Eruca sativa seeds against changes of pituitary and testes in cadmium treated rats. Forty adult male albino rats were used and divided into 4 equal groups and treated for 8 weeks as follow: The first group was given distilled water and used as a control group. The second group (G1) was administered tap water containing 30 ppm/ L of cadmium chloride. Animals in third group (G2) received tap water containing Cadmium chloride as in G1 plus 250 mg/Kg B.W ethanolic extract of Eruca sativa seeds, while rats in fourth group (G3) administered 250 mg/Kg B.W of ethanolic extract of Eruca sativa seeds only. After 8 weeks of experiment the animals were anesthetized, the pituitary and testes were excised for histological studies. Results showed that cadmium chloride intake caused severe alterations in the pituitary gland manifested by a marked apoptotic cells of pars distalis, accompanied with marked necrosis leading to left large multiple spaces in their parenchyma. Whereas testes revealed shrinkage, irregular arrangement of seminiferous tubules and increase intertubular spaces. A considerable changes was also found in the seminiferous tubules with loss most of their epithelial layer and filled with cellular debris, incomplete spermatogenesis, congested blood vessels and few Leydig's cells. Administration of Eruca sativa extract reduce the deleterious effects of cadmium chloride on pituitary gland as well as more or less complete spermatogenesis process with thickness of interstitial tissue in most of seminiferous tubules. It could be suggested that the antioxidant properties of Eruca sativa extract protects the deleterious histological damage induced by cadmium chloride in adult rats.
Role of aqueous extract of Crocus sativus to improvement of sexual dysfunctions induced by imipramine in male mice
Authors: Askar Salma J. 
Published: July 2020

The present study was carried out to focus light on the possible improvement and enhancement of functional performance of male mice sexual activities by using the aqueous extract of Crocus sativus. Several pharmaceutical drugs affect sexual activities and upset the sexual desire sequence that can lead to impotence or loss libido, example of these drugs are tricyclic antidepressant such as imipramine. To achieve this goal, twenty adult albino male mice were used, which were randomly divided into equal four experimental groups. The first group was given 10 mg/kg B.W. imipramine, the second group was given 100 mg/kg B.W. aqueous extract of Crocus sativus, and the third group was given 100 mg/ kg B.W. Crocus sativus aqueous extract and 10 mg/ kg B.W. imipramine, while the fourth group served as control, which was given D.W. In all groups the doses were given orally by stomach tube at 0.1 ml/10 g. B.W. for 30 days. The recorded parameters were; latency of copulation (second), frequency of copulation (per-hour), and duration of copulation (second). At day thirty blood samples were collected to determine the hormonal levels of luteinizing and testosterone hormones and the testis were obtained for histopathological processing .The results of sexual activity measured parameters showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in latency of copulation and significant increase in both frequency of copulation, and duration of copulation in the groups given aqueous extract of Crocus sativus and that given aqueous extract of Crocus sativus and imipramine as compared with imipramine and control groups. While results of hormonal levels showed significant increase (P<0.05) in both groups of Crocus sativus aqueous extract and imipramine as compared with imipramine only and control groups. On bases of these results, it can be concluded that the sexual activities of male mice given imipramine tend to be improved and returned when administered with aqueous extract of Crocus sativus.
Effect of Betaine on Hepatic and Renal Functions in Acrylamide Treated Rats.
Authors: Ramadhan Sadiq jaffer 
Published: July 2020

This study was designed to evaluate the ameliorative role of betaine on hepatic and renal dysfunction caused by acrylamide in female rats. Thirty two (32) adult female rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups (G1, G2, G3 and G4) and were treated for (65) days as following: Group G1 (Control group), G2: rats were intubated 250mg/kg B.W of betaine; animals in group G3 were intubated 1mg/kg B.W of acrylamide, in addition to acrylamide. 250mg/kg B.W of betaine were administered orally to rats in groups G4. Fasting (8-12 hrs.) blood samples were collected by cardio puncture technique at the end of the experiment, serum were collected for measuring the following parameters A: liver enzyme makers; serum activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) B; renal function parameters including: serum creatinine, urea and uric acid concentration. The hepato and renal protective effect of betaine was clarified in groups (G2 and G4) manifested by significant decrease in serum, ALT, AST and ALP activity, as well as significant decrease in serum creatinine, urea and uric acid concentration comparing to acrylamide (G3) treated group. Such functional changes were accompanied with structural (histopathological) alteration in hepatic and renal tissue. In conclusion, the results of the current study documented the negative effect of acrylamide on liver and kidney function and documented hepatorenal protective effect of betaine.
Light microscopic study on the absorptive cells and goblet cells in the intestine of adult common carp Cyprinus carpio
Authors: Kadhim Khalid Hadi 
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to describe of some histological structures and histochemical features of the absorptive cells and goblet cells in intestine of common carp. In this study, Fifteen adult male common carp were catching alive from the AL-Forat river, with age about (7 - 12) months and mean of their weight was (2100 ± 81 g) and mean standard length was (50.4 ± 3.1 cm), immediately after death.Incision was made through the midventral line of the fish just from cranial to the anus to expose the intestine, specimens of intestine were taken and washed with (0.9 %) normal saline solution. Ten samples were obtained from different regions of each portion of the intestine (anterior, middle and posterior), fixed by either 10% neutral buffered formalin or Bouin’s solution approximately 24 hours at room temperature and then treated by routine histological processing. The stains were used, Hematoxylin and Eosin, periodic acid Schiff, Alcian blue pH 2.5, and Combinated Alcian blue PH 2.5 plus periodic acid Schiff. The Mean number, height and width of mucosal folds were measured and counts of goblet cells in the mucosal folds of each portion of the intestine. The results showed that the intestinal epithelium is simple columnar, the enterocytes were tall columnar cells with brush border; goblet cells were ovoid, located between the enterocytes. The folds composed of the entire thickness of the mucosa, mean number, height and width of the mucosal folds were few in posterior portion of intestine compare with that in other portions. The anterior portion of the intestine has largest number of mucosal folds, while has less number of goblet cells compare to middle and posterior portions of the intestine. The epithelial cells stained red-purple by periodic acid Schiff stain with Alcian blue, the goblet cells were take positive reaction with periodic acid Schiff stain, and with Alcian blue plus periodic acid Schiff, while negative with only Alcian blue stain. Glycoprotein staining intensity varied from very weak to moderate, whereby the presence of neutral, acidic and sulphatedglycoconjugates. In conclusion, numbers of goblet cells were observed to be increased towards posterior portion of intestine required as lubricant for fecal expulsion, and reversed relation between number of the folds and goblet cells.
Study The Relationship Between Polymorphism of Melatonin Receptor Type 1A (MTNR1A) Gene with Some Reproductive Performance, in Local Iraqi Goats
Authors: Ali Imad Majeed , Ibrahim Najla S. 
Published: July 2020

Melatonin is the main molecule that transmits the signal of seasonal change to the neuroendocrine system in seasonal breeding species, through specific melatonin receptors, Melatonin Receptor Type 1A. In the present study, a total of 40 local Iraqi non pregnant goats were used to study the relationship betweenPolymorphism of Melatonin Receptor Type 1A (MTNR1A) gene with some reproductive performance. Animals were reared in a farm located inAl-Yusufiya/Baghdad. Animals were divided based on breading season into two groups, with 20 animals each as follows: goats which gave birth in expected breading season (January, Febreuary,and March), and goats which gave birth in unexpected breading season (October, November, and December). All goats were reared in farm in Al-Yusufiya / Baghdad. 20 goats were given birth in January, February and March, which are representingseason, the other 0 goats which were given birth out of the breeding season during October, November and December, both tow groups were used to investigate the reproductive performance in local goats in different breeding months, the number of kids (single or twins), weight and sex of kids were record. Five milliliters of blood were collected from each goats through jugular vein puncture with EDTA coated tubes, until DNA extraction. The main part of exon II of MTNR1A gene was amplified by PCR with used specific primer and then product PCR digested with BsaI restriction enzyme. Therestriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) analysis used BsaI restriction enzyme, the presence of the cleavage site produces two fragments, 279 and 577 bp (C allele) while the absence of this site produces only one fragment, 856 bp (A allele). Suggested the presence of three genotypes the homozygote CC for (279 bp, 577 bp), homozygote AA for (856 bp) and the heterozygote CA for (279 bp, 577 bp, 856 bp). In all the analyzed forty local goats’ genotypic frequency was 35.0% for CC genotype, 52.5% for CA genotype and 12.5 for AA genotype. The allele frequency of C and A was 61.25% and 38.75% respectively which was in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. The allele C have been associated with out of season breeding ability of goats and allele A associated with season breeding from the present study, no relationship between kids weights, sex and type of parturition (single or twin) with the genetic analysis model of MTNR1A gene in local Iraqi goats.
Detection of Aeromonas hydrophila in Raw Milk and Soft Cheese in Baghdad City
Authors: Abdulaal Nadia Ibrahim 
Published: July 2020

The frequency and distribution pattern of Aeromonas hydrophilain cow’s raw milk and soft cheese were investigated in Abu-Ghraib, Al-Fudhaliyah and Al-Sadrya regions in Baghdad. A total of one hundred twenty pooled samples were collected during February until June (2019),in which sixty samples of raw milk pooled from milk containers, twenty from each region (four samples collected monthly per region) and sixty samples of fresh soft cheese made from raw unpasteurized milk were collected from different supermarkets in Baghdad as same as proportion above. Modified procedures for isolation and identification were dependent in which, modified tryptone soya yeast extract sheep blood agar supplemented with ampicillin used. Gram stain and oxidase reaction aid in segregation. Modified Congo red assay used to detect biofilm and Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used for determination sensitivity of isolates toampicillin (AM 10µg),cephalexin (CLX, 30µg), azithromycin (AZM, 15µ) andvancomycin (VA 30µg). The results confirmed recovery of eleventh isolates (9.16 %) from one hundred twenty pooled samples, in which four isolates (3.33 %) from raw milk samples; Two (1.66 %) from Abu-Ghraib and one(0.83 %) from each other regions. Seven isolates (5.83 %) were detected from fresh soft cheese samples in which, three (2.5 %) from Abu-Ghraib and two (1.66 %) from each other regions. All isolates were Gram-negative rod- shaped, oxidase positive and biofilm producers. Four isolates (36.36 %) were resistant to selected antibiotics in which, two (18.18 %) from Abu-Ghraib: One (9.09 %) from raw milk and soft cheese; and one (9.09 %) in each other regions in fresh soft cheese only. In conclusions. Milk and cheese production in Abu-Ghraib, Al-Fudhaliyah and Al-Sadrya regions in Baghdad are encountered by the problems of bacterial contamination and presence of multidrug resist strain of A. hydrophila which considered a risk to public health, may be due both insufficient and misuse treatment with antibiotics or in somewhat due to bad quality and/or poor hygiene of processing involved in milk production. Thus recommended monitoring these products for better hygienic status
R&L Kinematics of Crank Models in Motor Housing Punch Process
Authors: Xu Run 
Published: July 2020

With regards to the assembly line of cost control of Dechang(HK) company, the motor housing’s cost control of process will be necessarily respected. Because the supply quantity is big in a machine the price of motor housing is small, so that the cost control of automatic production line is significant with modeling. It is found that the control of equipment includes in shaft and crank linkage for benefit which also needs to be controlled in detail. For the sake of benefits can we fundamentally resolve the main problem of high cost process.
Parasite Fauna of Lutjanus synagris Commercialized in the Fish Market from Bragança-PA, Brazil
Authors: Costa Sousa Natalino da , Dos Santos Daiana Silva , Silva Silmara Rosa , Da Silva Alexandre Vaz , P. Junior Jucimauro de Araújo , Antunes Miranda João Vitor , De Souza Pedro Rodrigo Nery , De Melo Matheus Carvalho , Melo Xavier Fagner de , Da Silva Junior Wellington Lima , Menezes Fabricio Ramos , Do Couto Márcia Valeria Silva 
Published: July 2020

Studies about the parasite fauna of marine fish highlights as an important problem for public health with zoonotic parasites or affecting the fish quality. Thus, this study evaluated the parasite fauna of Lutjanus synagris commercialized in the fish market from Bragança-PA. In laboratory, 58 fish were measured, weighted and conducted to parasitological analysis to determine parasitological indexes and relative dominance. Every parasite was fixed and identified until to the lowest taxonomic level. Through the parasitological analysis, it found Cymothoidae, Digenea, Cucullanus sp. and Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp., with total prevalence 67.24%. Digenea showed the highest prevalence and mean intensity values. For nematode, Cucullanus sp. obtained the greater prevalence and relative dominance, while Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) sp. showed the greater mean intensity and abundance. Cymothoidae showed the lowest prevalence and mean intensity values. As conclusion, the parasite fauna of L. synagris has been noted with low diversity, reporting the nematode occurrence Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus).
Linguistic Factors Affecting Moraic Duration in Spontaneous Japanese
Authors: Pappalardo Giuseppe 
Published: July 2020

Japanese is often referred to as a mora-timed language (Ladefoged 1975): the mora has been described as the psychological prosodic unit in the spoken language, and it is the metric unit of traditional poetry (Bloch 1950). However, it is clear that morae are not strictly isochronous units (Beckman 1982). Thus, experimental studies have focused on detecting compensation effects that make average mora durations more equal through the modulation of the inherent duration of the segments involved (Han 1962; Port, Al-Ani, Maeda 1980; Homma 1981; Hoequist 1983a; 1983b; Warner, Arai 2001). Kawahara (2017) used the Corpus of Spontaneous Japanese to verify whether the durational compensation effect within a /CV/ mora occurs in natural speech, in addition to read speech in the lab. He observed a statistically significant compensation effect of /CV/ morae, in which vowel duration tends to vary in response to the duration of the preceding consonant. However, as the same author has pointed out, the compensation is not absolute because there are several linguistic factors that potentially affect segments’ duration profiles. This study will support the idea that moraic isochrony does not occur in spontaneous Japanese by presenting empirical data on how linguistic factors can considerably affect variation in the average duration of morae.