bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of an interprofessional collaboration in practice program: a feasibility study using social network analysis
Authors: Smit Linda C. , Dikken Jeroen , Moolenaar Nienke M. , Schuurmans Marieke J. , de Wit Niek J. , Bleijenberg Nienke 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Due to multimorbidity and geriatric problems, older people often require both psychosocial and medical care. Collaboration between medical and social professionals is a prerequisite to deliver high-quality care for community-living older people. Effective, safe, and person-centered care relies on skilled interprofessional collaboration and practice. Little is known about interprofessional education to increase interprofessional collaboration in practice (IPCP) in the context of community care for older people. This study examines the feasibility of the implementation of an IPCP program in three community districts and determines its potential to increase interprofessional collaboration between primary healthcare professionals caring for older people.

Method
A feasibility study was conducted to determine the acceptability and feasibility of data collection and analysis regarding interprofessional collaboration in network development. A questionnaire was used to measure the learning experience and the acquisition of knowledge and skills regarding the program. Network development was assessed by distributing a social network survey among professionals attending the program as well as professionals not attending the program at baseline and 5.5 months after. Network development was determined by calculating the number, reciprocity, value, and diversity of contacts between professionals using social network analysis.

Results
The IPCP program was found to be instructive and the knowledge and skills gained were applicable in practice. Social network analysis was feasible to conduct and revealed a spill-over effect regarding network development. Program participants, as well as non-program participants, had larger, more reciprocal, and more diverse interprofessional networks than they did before the program.

Conclusions
This study showed the feasibility of implementing an IPCP program in terms of acceptability, feasibility of data collection, and social network analysis to measure network development, and indicated potential to increase interprofessional collaboration between primary healthcare professionals. Both program participants and non-program participants developed a larger, more collaborative, and diverse interprofessional network.
Precision Family Spirit: a pilot randomized implementation trial of a precision home visiting approach with families in Michigan—trial rationale and study protocol
Authors: Ingalls Allison , Barlow Allison , Kushman Elizabeth , Leonard Amanda , Martin Lisa , Team Precision Family Spirit Study , West Allison L. , Neault Nicole , Haroz Emily E. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Home visiting is a well-supported strategy for addressing maternal and child health disparities. However, evidence-based models generally share implementation challenges at scale, including engagement and retention of families. Precision home visiting may address this issue. This paper describes the first known pilot randomized implementation trial of a precision home visiting approach vs. standard implementation. Primary aims are to: 1) explore the acceptability and feasibility of a precision approach to home visiting and 2) examine the difference between Standard Family Spirit and Precision Family Spirit on participants’ program satisfaction, client-home visitor relationship, goal alliance, and the impact of these factors on participant engagement and retention. Secondary aims are to explore potential differences on maternal behavioral and mental health outcomes and child development outcomes to inform sample size estimations for a fully powered study.

Methods
This is a pilot Hybrid Type 3 implementation trial. Four Michigan communities primarily serving the Native American families and already using Family Spirit were randomized by site to receive Standard Family Spirit or Precision Family Spirit. Participants include N = 60 mothers at least 14 years of age (pregnant or with a newborn < 2 months of age) currently enrolled in Family Spirit. Precision Family Spirit participants receive core lessons plus additional lessons based on needs identified at baseline and that emerge during the trial. Control mothers receive the standard sequence of Family Spirit lessons. Data is collected at baseline (< 2 months postpartum), and 2, 6, and 12 months postpartum. All Precision Family Spirit participants are invited to complete qualitative interviews at study midpoint and endpoint. All home visitors are invited to participate in focus groups between study midpoint and endpoint. Exploratory data analysis will assess feasibility, acceptability, client-home visitor relationship, retention, adherence, and potential differences in intervention outcomes.

Discussion
This trial will provide new information about the acceptability and feasibility of precision home visiting and pilot data on program satisfaction, client-home visitor relationship, goal alliance, retention, and targeted maternal-child intervention outcomes. Findings will inform the design of a fully powered randomized implementation trial of precision vs. standard home visiting.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT03975530; Registered on June 5, 2019
A multi-component, community-engaged intervention to reduce cardiovascular disease risk in perimenopausal Latinas: pilot study protocol
Authors: Cortés Yamnia I. , Berry Diane C. , Perreira Krista M. , Stuebe Alison , Stoner Lee , Giscombé Cheryl Woods , Crandell Jamie , Santíago Lymarí , Harris Latesha K. , Duran Mayra 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk increases substantially during perimenopause. Latinas have a significantly worse CVD risk factor profile than non-Hispanic White women, potentially due to multiple sociocultural and environmental factors. To date, interdisciplinary interventions have not focused on improving nutrition, physical activity, stress management, and biologic CVD risk in perimenopausal Latinas. The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility and initial efficacy of a multi-component intervention to reduce CVD risk in perimenopausal Latinas.

Methods
This is a two-group, repeated measures experimental study. Eighty perimenopausal Latinas (age 40–55 years) from two community groups will be randomized: one group will complete the intervention; the other will be a wait-list control. The intervention consists of 12-weekly sessions (education, physical activity, stress management, coping skills training), followed by 3 months of continued support, and 6 months of skill maintenance on their own. The primary outcomes include arterial stiffness, blood pressure, lipids, and blood glucose. Secondary outcomes are health behaviors (nutrition, physical activity, sleep, coping strategies), self-efficacy, and other biological factors related to CVD risk (adiposity, C-reactive protein, hair cortisol, vasomotor symptoms). We will assess changes in outcomes from Time 1 (baseline) to Time 2 (6 months) and Time 3 (12 months) using general linear mixed models to test the hypotheses. We will also evaluate the feasibility of the intervention by assessing enrollment and retention rates, barriers, and facilitators to enrollment, intervention fidelity, the suitability of study procedures, and participant satisfaction with the intervention and study protocol. We hypothesize the intervention group will decrease biologic CVD risk and improve health behaviors and self-efficacy significantly more than the wait-list control.

Discussion
Results from this study will contribute to knowledge on the feasibility of behavioral interventions, including stress management and coping skills training, which could reduce CVD burden among perimenopausal Latinas. Because Hispanic/Latinos are the largest ethnic minority in the United States (US), progress regarding CVD risk among perimenopausal Latinas may lead to significant improvement in the overall CVD burden in the US.

Trial registration
Prospectively registered, NCT04313751 (03/19/2020), Protocol version 1.0
“A little (PPI) MAGIC can take you a long way” : involving children and young people in research from inception of a novel medical device to multi-centre clinical trial Roald Dahl, James and the Giant Peach (1961)
Authors:   the Young Persons Advisory Group, Abrehart Nichola , Frost Kate , Harris Roy , Wragg Andrew , Stewart Derek , Sharif Hayfa , Matthews Rachel , Marciani Luca 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
There is often a great urgency to be inclusive when conducting research and to focus efforts with groups and communities that can be referred to as marginalised. This is especially the case in research concerning medical devices aimed at children and young people (CYP). Although involvement methodology has developed over the last two decades, it can be challenging to involve and engage CYP with confidence and clarity of purpose.

Main body
Our aim was to provide a reflective narrative account of the involvement of CYP, over a period of 5 years, in a research project from conception of a new paediatric medical device through to practical application. We explored a model of patient and public involvement (PPI) through the Nottingham Young Persons Advisory Group (YPAG), part of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) GenerationR Alliance, in a NIHR funded research project.
The YPAG designed and created a model of the human gut, co-designed the Transicap™ mini-capsules and their packaging, co-produced patient information sheets, came up with the idea to disseminate through a project website and co-wrote and created animation videos. The YPAG involvement continued through the writing and award of the follow-on research grant (MAGIC2). During this process the YPAG modified the clinical study protocol insisting that all participants in the control arm were given the imaging test results as well, save for a delayed reading compared to the intervention arm.

Conclusion
Involvement of the YPAG over the last 5 years, led to the development of a mutually beneficial partnership, enabling genuine knowledge exchange between researchers and CYP. This influenced the design, plans and actions of the MAGIC study and well into the subsequent MAGIC2 follow-on project. Moreover, these involvement models applied within a feasibility study setting, have enhanced the realism and pragmatism of the study, contributing to the project’s overall success.
Broadening diversity through creative involvement to identify research priorities
Authors: Tierney Stephanie , Dawson Shoba , Boylan Anne-Marie , Richards Gillian , Park Sophie , Turk Amadea , Babatunde Opeyemi 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Patient and public involvement (PPI) can help with steering and shaping research prioritisation and execution. However, some groups of people may not be encouraged to take part and their voices may be seldom listened to in the production of research. This is important to consider because they may have poorer healthcare experiences. We tried using art as a vehicle for including individuals not necessarily invited to be part of research priority setting.

Methods
We contacted existing groups and organisations to reach people not routinely supported to be part of PPI. We targeted individuals: a) with dementia, b) with a mental and physical health condition, c) of South Asian heritage. We ran a workshop with each group at which individuals shared their experiences of healthcare. A young amateur artist also attended, who produced a piece of artwork afterwards that reflected the research priorities raised. We held a Twitter chat to discuss these pieces of art and the processes involved in their generation.

Results
From each workshop, we produced a list of research priorities. These included: a) improving coordination of care for people with dementia, b) information needs and anxiety/guilt around accessing care for people with physical and mental health conditions, c) supporting discussion of women’s health issues in South Asian communities. These priorities were reflected in three pieces of art, which can be viewed online. Feedback from those at workshops suggested that the artwork helped them to feel that their voice had been heard and triggered their interest in how research is developed. Those involved in the Twitter chat commented that art was one means through which researchers could connect with a range of groups in a PPI context when preparing and producing a study.

Conclusions
We found the medium of art to be an effective way of including a range of people in research prioritisation setting. This approach could be useful for future PPI, building on what we have learnt from the project described in this paper.
Congenital heart disease in Down syndrome – A review of temporal changes
Authors: Santoro Stephanie L. , Steffensen Ellen Hollands 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundCongenital heart disease (CHD) is a well-known co-occurring condition in Down syndrome (DS). We aimed to review the literature to evaluate the current evidence to address key questions.MethodsA series of key questions were formulated a priori to inform the search strategy and review process. These addressed the topics of prevalence, type of CHD, severity, and screening. Using the National Library of Medicine database, PubMed, detailed literature searches were performed. The quality of available evidence was then evaluated, the existing literature was summarized, and knowledge gaps were identified.ResultsFifty-six relevant original articles were identified which addressed at least one key question. Study details, including: research design, internal validity, external validity, and relevant results are presented. The total prevalence of CHD reported in DS ranged from 20 to 57.9%. In later decades, the prevalence remained constant at 40—55%. The types and classification of CHD varied considerably between studies. Some studies indicate a trend towards a milder phenotype, but this was not consistent. Over time, some studies observed an improved prognosis for CHD in DS. Studies investigating screening for CHD by physical examination, chest X-ray, and electrocardiogram report sensitivities of 71–95%.ConclusionTo further improve knowledge on CHD in DS, we suggest that future studies cover a wide range of nations and regions, with a longitudinal design, and account for potential confounding factors.
Successful anesthetic management of separation surgery for pygopagus conjoined twins: a case report
Authors: Sato Yukari , Iura Akira , Kawamoto Yu , Yamamoto Shunsuke , Iritakenishi Takeshi , Fujino Yuji 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Conjoined twins are an extremely rare congenital occurrence, and anesthetic management for surgical separation presents unique challenges for anesthesiologists.

Case presentation
Five-month-old male pygopagus conjoined twins underwent separation surgery. We performed anesthesia induction in the supine position and surgery in the prone position. This presented a challenge because the transition from supine to prone position reversed the positional relationship between the two babies, resulting in crossing of the respiratory circuits and monitors. To solve the problem, we used anesthesia machines and monitors on the opposite side of each baby during anesthesia induction. The positional relationship between the twins and anesthesia machines and monitors normalized after the change to the prone position. Following the separation surgery, the twins were discharged without any complications.

Conclusions
Our method of using opposite side anesthetic machines and monitors for anesthesia induction was useful for the safe anesthetic management of pygopagus conjoined twins.
Acute limb ischemia by a pulmonary vein stump thrombus after left lower lobectomy: a case report
Authors: Fujimoto Yuri , Hamachi Ryosuke , Motoyama Yoshimasa , Kanna Etsuko , Murakami Masako , Matsukado Takako , Saito Genkichi , Yamaura Ken 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
Cases of systemic thromboembolism due to thrombus formation in the pulmonary vein stump after lobectomy have been reported recently. Cerebral infarction after left upper lobectomy is a common symptom in these cases. We encountered a rare case of acute limb ischemia caused by a thrombus formed in the left inferior pulmonary vein stump after left lower lobectomy.

Case presentation
A 62-year-old man underwent video-assisted left lower lobectomy under general anesthesia with epidural anesthesia. On postoperative day 2, he suddenly developed pain in the left calf. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed left popliteal artery occlusion and thrombus formation in the left inferior pulmonary vein stump. Anticoagulant therapy was started immediately, and emergent endovascular thrombectomy was performed. The patient recovered without complications.

Conclusions
Left lower lobectomy can cause thrombus formation in the pulmonary vein stump, leading to systemic thromboembolism. Early detection and treatment are the keys to minimize complications.
Being ready, willing and able: understanding the dynamics of family planning decision-making through community-based group discussions in the Northern Region, Ghana
Authors: Biney Adriana A. E. , Wright Kalifa J. , Kushitor Mawuli K. , Jackson Elizabeth F. , Phillips James F. , Awoonor-Williams John Koku , Bawah Ayaga A. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractRegional contraceptive use differentials are pronounced in Ghana, with the lowest levels occurring in the Northern Region. Community-based health services, intended to promote maternal and child health and family planning use, may have failed to address this problem. This paper presents an analysis of qualitative data on community perspectives on family planning “readiness,” “willingness,” and “ability” compiled in the course of 20 focus group discussions with residents (mothers and fathers of children under five, young boys and girls, and community elders) of two communities each in two Northern Region districts that were either equipped with or lacking direct access to community health services. The study districts are localities where contraceptive use is uncommon and fertility is exceptionally high. Results suggest that direct access to community services has had no impact on contraceptive attitudes or practice. Widespread method knowledge is often offset by side-effect misperceptions. Social constraints are prominent owing to opposition from men. Findings attest to the need to improve the provision of contraceptive information and expand method choice options. Because societal acceptance and access in this patriarchal setting is critical to use, frontline worker deployment should prioritize strategies for outreach to men and community groups with prominent attention to social mobilization themes and strategies that support family planning.
Comparing cost and print time estimates for six commercially-available 3D printers obtained through slicing software for clinically relevant anatomical models
Authors: Chen Joshua V. , Dang Alan B. C. , Dang Alexis 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
3D printed patient-specific anatomical models have been applied clinically to orthopaedic care for surgical planning and patient education. The estimated cost and print time per model for 3D printers have not yet been compared with clinically representative models across multiple printing technologies. This study investigates six commercially-available 3D printers: Prusa i3 MK3S, Formlabs Form 2, Formlabs Form 3, LulzBot TAZ 6, Stratasys F370, and Stratasys J750 Digital Anatomy.

Methods
Seven representative orthopaedic standard tessellation models derived from CT scans were imported into the respective slicing software for each 3D printer. For each printer and corresponding print setting, the slicing software provides a print time and material use estimate. Material quantity was used to calculate estimated model cost. Print settings investigated were infill percentage, layer height, and model orientation on the print bed. The slicing software investigated are Cura LulzBot Edition 3.6.20, GrabCAD Print 1.43, PreForm 3.4.6, and PrusaSlicer 2.2.0.

Results
The effect of changing infill between 15% and 20% on estimated print time and material use was negligible. Orientation of the model has considerable impact on time and cost with worst-case differences being as much as 39.30% added print time and 34.56% added costs. Averaged across all investigated settings, horizontal model orientation on the print bed minimizes estimated print time for all 3D printers, while vertical model orientation minimizes cost with the exception of Stratasys J750 Digital Anatomy, in which horizontal orientation also minimized cost. Decreasing layer height for all investigated printers increased estimated print time and decreased estimated cost with the exception of Stratasys F370, in which cost increased. The difference in material cost was two orders of magnitude between the least and most-expensive printers. The difference in build rate (cm3/min) was one order of magnitude between the fastest and slowest printers.

Conclusions
All investigated 3D printers in this study have the potential for clinical utility. Print time and print cost are dependent on orientation of anatomy and the printers and settings selected. Cost-effective clinical 3D printing of anatomic models should consider an appropriate printer for the complexity of the anatomy and the experience of the printer technicians.
Influence of fishmeal-replaced diet on nutrient digestibility, digestive enzyme activity, and whole-body fatty acid profile of Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala
Authors: Pradhan Chiranjiv , Giri Shiba Shankar , Mohanty Satyandra Nath , Nayak Khiroda Chandra 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background
The aquaculture sector is the biggest consumer of fishmeal and the demand of this ingredient is higher than the production. The replacement of fishmeal from aquafeed is a current research thrust. The replacement of fishmeal has been possible with plant ingredients in many fish species, however, possesses some limitations in terms of low digestibility and inadequate nutrient profile.

Results
Complete replacement of fishmeal in the diets of Cirrihinus mrigala was studied using specially designed nutrient digestibility system. Two feeds were prepared, one with fishmeal as one of the ingredients (control feed) and another with complete plant ingredients (test feed). Initially, forty C. mrigala fingerlings with average weight of 10.88 ± 0.17 g were stocked in six tanks. Fish were fed up to satiation twice daily (10:00 and 16:30 h) for a period of 45 days. After 1 week of acclimatization, fecal samples were collected for 45 days. At the end of the experiment, no significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed for somatic and serum parameters in two treatments. The digestibility coefficient of dry matter, protein, lipid and energy, and three digestive enzymes; amylase, proteases, and lipase did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between the treatments. The whole body proximate compositions were similar between the treatments. The test diet (containing linseed oil) fed group exhibited higher proportions of whole body linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3). However, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) did not vary in both studied treatments.

Conclusion
The information obtained from this study revealed that fishmeal can be completely replaced from the diet of C. mrigala without affecting their growth and nutrient digestibility and fatty acid composition.