bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genotype Classification and Fluorescence Visual Identification of the Rhizoma Paridis of Paris Polyphylla Var. Yunnanensis based on the SNPs of ITS Sequence
Authors: Gao Chi , Zhang Kaiyuan , Wang Qinghe , Zhao Ling , Chen Rong , Yin Hongxiang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A fluorescent visual identification system of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis was established based on internal transcribed spacer barcoding. It is proposed for the first time that P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis should be divided into two types of genotypes: YN-I and YN-II according to single nucleotide polymorphism of internal transcribed spacer. In order to avoid false-negative results, two pairs of specific primers for YN-I and YN-II were designed, respectively, and specific visual fluorescent identification systems was established by SYBR Green I fluorescent dye was directly introduced into the PCR system which can be observed directly with the naked eye for the green fluorescent color of PCR system. Therefrom, it has realized the rapid and directly visual identification of two genotypes of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis from its common nine adulterants. This study proposed for the first time the existence of different genotypes on the legal basis of Rhizoma Paridis, and provided a model for the accurate identification of different genotypes.
The impact of COVID-19 on the chiropractic profession: a cross-sectional survey on opinions, professional changes, and personal hardships of U.S. chiropractors
Authors: Neff Shawn M , Deyo Rebecca L. , Auley Annabelle L. Mac , Lawrence Dana J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Currently, there are few studies analyzing how COVID-19 has impacted the chiropractic profession. A recent paper, however, analyzed changes made to chiropractic practice by comparing the 7 different international regions represented by the World Federation of Chiropractic (WFC). In overall healthcare, there is limited research on specialty-based stress levels both before and during COVID-19. Our survey was conducted to collect self-reported data on how COVID-19 has affected U.S. doctors of chiropractic.Methods: An electronic survey was sent to U.S. chiropractors nationwide via social media and email. The survey collected personal and practice demographic information, office protocols, changes made during COVID-19, chiropractic profession opinions/stances, information related to stress, and personal beliefs/opinions. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: 750 U.S. chiropractors responded. Just over half of respondents reported moderate levels of stress, and just over 30% reported severe levels due to a variety of reasons related to both personal and professional circumstances. The primary stressors were financial and business concerns. The highest stress levels were among employers responsible for others. A majority reported beliefs that the chiropractic profession should not advertise that spinal manipulation provides any immune system benefit. 13% of the respondents believed chiropractors should be marketing immune benefits during this time. A shift toward telehealth was reported, with 18% adding it to their services.Conclusion: Stress levels were high across the population. A range of opinions existed regarding spinal manipulation and immunity benefits. The majority reported there was not sufficient evidence to support such a belief; however, a group of respondents believed that chiropractors should be marketing immune-enhancing benefits to the population. A logical next step would be to study why such beliefs persist. This information may be useful in better understanding how chiropractors have experienced the global effects of COVID-19 across the United States.
First absolute seasonal temperature estimates for greenhouse climate from clumped isotopes in bivalve shells
Authors: Winter Niels de , Müller Inigo , Kocken Ilja , Thibault Nicolas , Ullmann Clemens Vinzenz , Farnsworth Alexander , Lunt Daniel , Claeys Philippe , Ziegler Martin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The seasonal variability of sea surface temperatures plays a fundamental role in climate dynamics and species distribution. As such, it is essential to better understand seasonal variability in warm climates of the past. Previous reconstructions of seasonality in deep time are relatively unconstrained, relying on unsupported assumptions such as estimates of seawater composition and negligible seasonal bias. This work presents the first absolute seasonal temperature reconstructions based on clumped isotope measurements in bivalve shells which, critically, do not rely on these assumptions. Our new approach reconstructs highly precise mid-latitude (~50°N) monthly temperatures from individual oyster and rudist shells of the Campanian (78 million years ago) greenhouse period (15—27 °C seasonal range). Our analysis demonstrates that seasonal bias and previous assumptions about sea water oxygen isotope composition can lead to highly inaccurate temperature reconstructions, distorting our understanding of the behavior of greenhouse climates and our ability to model them. Our results agree remarkably well with fully coupled climate model simulations showing greenhouse climates outside the tropics were warmer with higher seasonality than previously thought.
Deep Venous Thrombosis in COVID-19 Patients: A Cohort Analysis
Authors: Guo Yi , You Yun , Hu Ke , Cai Fei , Li Yiqing , Xie Mingxing , Yang Lu , Ye Dawei , Ling Ken , Misra Sanjay , Wang Weici , cai chuanqi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDeep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a severe complication of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It may interfere with COVID-19 treatment and delay the recovery, but there is less data about the anticoagulant therapy and sex difference of VTE in patients with COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to study the prevalence, risk factors, anticoagulant therapy and sex difference of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with COVID-19.MethodsThe enrolled 121 patients were confirmed positive for COVID-19. All suspected patients with a high Caprini index (≥4) or PADUA index (≥4) received color Doppler Ultrasound (US) to screen DVT in both lower extremities. Clinical characteristics of DVT-COVID-19 patients were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors related to DVT in COVID-19 patients. The distribution of DVT locations, anticoagulation therapy with sex difference, and the outcomes were also analyzed.ResultsDVT was found in 48% asymptomatic COVID-19 patients with increased PAUDA index or Caprini index by US scanning. Multivariate logistic regression determined that age, CRP and baseline D-dimer were risk factors among COVDI-19 patients. Although the most common DVT location was infrapopliteal (Class I and Class II), higher mortality in DVT-COVID-19 patients was confirmed. DVT-COVID-19 patients presented significant increases in the CRP, neutrophil count and D-dimer throughout the whole inpatient period compared to non-DVT-COVID-19 patients. Although anticoagulation therapy accelerated the recovery of lymphocytopenia condition in DVT patients, men DVT-COVID-19 patients showed higher CRP and neutrophil count vs. lymphocyte count (N/L) ratio but lower lymphocyte count compared to women DVT-COVID-19 patients. ConclusionsDVT is common in COVID-19 patients with high risk factors, especially for older age, higher CRP and baseline D-dimer populations. It is important to consider sex differences in the anticoagulant therapy among DVT-COVID-19 patients.
Highly predictive regression model of active cases of COVID-19 in a population by screening wastewater viral load
Authors: Vallejo Juan , Rumbo-Feal Soraya , Conde Kelly , López-Oriona Ángel , Tarrío Javier , Reif Rubén , Ladra Susana , Rodiño-Janeiro Bruno , Nasser Mohammed , Cid Angeles , Veiga Maria , Acevedo Antón , Lamora Carlos , Bou Germán , Cao Ricardo , Poza Margarita 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The quantification of the SARS-CoV-2 load in wastewater has emerged as a useful method to monitor COVID-19 outbreaks in the community. This approach was implemented in the metropolitan area of A Coruña (NW Spain), where wastewater from the treatment plant of Bens was analyzed to track the epidemic’s dynamic in a population of 369,098 inhabitants. We developed statistical regression models that allowed us to estimate the number of infected people from the viral load detected in the wastewater with a reliability close to 90%. This is the first wastewater-based epidemiological model that could potentially be adapted to track the evolution of the COVID-19 epidemic anywhere in the world, monitoring both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. It can help to understand with a high degree of reliability the true magnitude of the epidemic in a place at any given time and can be used as an effective early warning tool for predicting outbreaks.
High-throughput Screening and Experimental Identification of Potent Drugs Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease
Authors: Li Yan , Zhang Jinyong , Wang Ning , Zhang Yanjing , Yang Yongjun , Yuan Yue , Jing Haiming , Liu Xin , Wu Sisi , Luo Ping , Zhang Weijun , Lu Dongshui , Zeng Hao , Guo Gang , Zou Quanming 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The main protease (Mpro) is one of the best-characterized drug targets among coronaviruses. In the current study, we adopted a multiple cross-docking strategy against different crystal structures of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro to perform computer-based high-throughput virtual screening of possible inhibitors from a drug database using Autodock Vina and SeeSAR software, combined with our in-house automatic processing scripts. The KDs between screened candidates and Mpro were determined using Biacore. Seven drugs were found to fit the substrate-binding pocket of Mpro with a stable conformation, showing high KDs that ranged from 6.79E-7 M to 5.20E-5 M. Finally, mutagenesis studies confirmed that these drugs interact with Mpro specifically, suggesting that our method was reliable and convincing. Given the safety of these old drugs, they may serve as promising candidates to treat the infection of SARS-CoV-2. Our results also provide rational explanations for the behaviour of five drugs evaluated in clinical trials.
Pyroelectrocatalytic CO2 reduction for methanol driven by temperature-variation
Authors: Xiao Lingbo , Xu Xiaoli , Jia Yanmin , Hu Ge , Hu Jun , Yuan Biao , Yu Yi , Zou Guifu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Taking the advantages of pyroelectric nanostructured materials, we use the temperature-variation, a ubiquitous phenomenon in our daily life, to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) for methanol through pyroelectrocatalytic process. Layered-perovskite bismuth tungstate nanoplates harvest heat energy from temperature-variation, driving pyroelectrocatalytic CO2 reduction for methanol at temperatures between 15 °C and 70 °C. The methanol yield can be as high as 55.0 µmol·g−1 after experiencing 20 cycles of temperature-variation. This efficient, cost-effective, and environmental-friendly pyroelectrocatalytic CO2 reduction route provides a new thought towards utilizing natural diurnal temperature-variation for future methanol economy.
Dietary Phenotype and Advanced Glycation End-Products Predict WTC-Obstructive Airways Disease: a Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Lam Rachel , Kwon Sophia , Riggs Jessica , Sunseri Maria , Crowley George , Schwartz Theresa , Zeig-Owens Rachel , Colbeth Hilary , Halpren Allison , Liu Mengling , Prezant David J , Nolan Anna 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND. Diet is a modifier of metabolic syndrome which in turn is associated with World Trade Center Obstructive Airways Disease(WTC-OAD). We have designed this study to 1.assess the dietary phenotype(food types, physical activity, and dietary habits) of the Fire Department of New York(FDNY) WTC-Health Program(WTC-HP) cohort and 2.quantify the association of dietary quality and its advanced glycation end product(AGE) content with the development of WTC-OAD.METHODS. WTC-OAD, defined as developing WTC-Lung Injury(WTC-LI;FEV1<LLN) and/or airway hyperreactivity(AHR;positive methacholine and/or positive bronchodilator response). Rapid Eating and Activity Assessment for Participants-Short Version(REAP-S) deployed on 3/1/2018 in the WTC-HP annual monitoring assessment. Clinical and REAP-S data of consented subjects was extracted(7/17/2019). Diet quality[low-(15-19), moderate-(20-29), and high-(30-39)] and AGE content per REAP-S questionnaire were assessed for association with WTC-OAD. Regression models adjusted for smoking,hyperglycemia,hypertension,age on 9/11,WTC-exposure,BMI and job description. RESULTS. N=9,508 completed the annual questionnaire, while N=4,015 completed REAP-S and had spirometry. WTC-OAD developed in N=921, while N=3,094 never developed WTC-OAD. Low- and moderate-dietary quality, eating more (processed meats,fried foods,sugary drinks), fewer(vegetables,whole-grains),and having a diet abundant in AGEs were significantly associated with WTC-OAD. Smoking was not a significant risk factor of WTC-OAD. CONCLUSIONS. REAP-S was successfully implemented in the FDNY WTC-HP monitoring questionnaire and produced valuable dietary phenotyping. Our observational study has identified low dietary quality and AGE abundant dietary habits as risk factors for pulmonary disease in the context of WTC-exposure. Dietary phenotyping, not only focuses our metabolomic/biomarker profiling but also further informs future dietary interventions that may positively impact particulate matter associated lung disease.
“Micro Hand S” Surgical Robot vs Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: Comparison of Short-Term Outcomes
Authors: Yao Yuan-Bing , Wang Guo-Hui , Liu Yong , Yi Bo , Li Zheng , Zhu Shai-Hong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Expensive cost of surgery has limited the use of surgical robot in China. The emergence of “Micro Hand S” surgical robot provides more choices for surgical treatment. Our study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of “Micro Hand S” surgical robotic gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Methods Perioperative data of 75 patients who underwent “Micro Hand S” surgical robotic gastrectomy (RG) or laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) at the Department of General Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University from June 2017 to January 2019 were collected to compare the short-term outcomes between the two groups. Results No statistically significant difference was found in baseline characteristics between the two groups (P > 0.05). RG group had longer operation time (P < 0.01). The harvested lymph nodes were comparable between the two groups (P = 0.084). There were five positive margins in the LG group, and the R0 resection rate was comparable between the two groups (P = 0.247). 16 complications occurred in the RG group according to the Clavien-Dindo classification system, 6 in grade I, and 10 in grade II. 68 complications happened in the LG group, 22 in grade I, 44 in grade II, 1 in grade IIIa and 1 in grade IVa. The comprehensive complications index (CCI) was similar between the two groups (P = 0.895). Intraoperative blood loss, surgical resection, reconstruction of the digestive tract intraoperative blood transfusion, Chemoradiotherapy, pathological type, degree of differentiation, proximal resection margin, time of first flatus, time of liquid diet, time of abdominal drainage tube extraction, and hospital stay for RG and LG were similar too (P > 0.05). Conclusion “Micro Hand S” surgical robotic gastrectomy is safe and feasible. Keywords Surgical robot; Gastric cancer; Gastrectomy; Safety; Feasibility
Long-Term Metformin Effect on Endometrial Cancer Development Depending on Glucose Environment in vitro
Authors: Weber Amanda Machado , Lange Carsten , Jauckus Julia , Strowitzki Thomas , Germeyer Ariane 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The incidence of endometrial cancer has increased worldwide over the past years. Common risk factors include obesity and metabolic disturbances, like hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, as well as prolonged and elevated estrogen exposure. Metformin, an anti-hyperglycemic and insulin-sensitizing biguanide, displayed anti-proliferative effects in recent studies. Therefore, metformin may act as a therapeutic and prophylactic anti-cancer agent in several tissues, including endometrium. Methods: Two different endometrial cancer cell lines, reflecting type I (Ishikawa) and type II endometrial cancer (HEC-1A) were cultured under normoglycemic (5.5mM) or hyperglycemic (17.0mM) conditions and treated with different concentrations of metformin (0.01–5.0mM). Results: Effects of metformin on proliferation, cell viability, clonogenicity and migration were investigated after treatment for 7d. Long-term treatment with metformin showed effects on cellular viability, proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer cells in a concentration- dependent manner in vitro. Additionally, glucose levels affected the outcome of the experiments. Conclusion: Our in vitro findings support the hypothesis that metformin has a direct effect on endometrial tissues and reflects the importance of the local glucose environment, suggesting that metformin may be considered as a potential adjuvant agent in endometrial cancer therapy due to its direct and indirect effects on endometrial development.
Ketamine can be produced by Pochonia chlamydosporia: an old molecule and a new role
Authors: Ferreira Sebastiao Rodrigo , Machado Alan Rodrigues T. , Furtado Luís Fernando , Gomes Jose Hugo de S. , de Almeida Raquel M. , Mendes Thiago de Oliveira , Maciel Valentina N. , Barbosa Fernando Sergio , Carvalho Lorendane M. , Bueno Lilian Lacerda , Bartholomeu Daniella Castanheira , de Araújo Jackson Victor , Rabelo Elida M. L. , de Pádua Rodrigo Maia , Pimenta Lucia Pinheiro Santos , Fujiwara Ricardo Toshio 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Infection by nematodes is a problem for human health, livestock, and agriculture, as it causes deficits in host health, increases production costs, and incurs less food supply. The control of these parasites is usually done using anthelmintics, which, in most cases, have not been fully effective. Therefore, the search for new molecules with anthelmintic potential is necessary. Methods: In the present study, we isolated and characterized molecules from the nematophagous fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia and tested these compounds on three nematodes: Caenorhabditis elegans, Ancylostoma ceylanicum, and Ascaris suum. Results: The ethyl acetate extract showed nematicidal activity on the nematode model C. elegans. We identified the major substance present in two subfractions of this extract as ketamine. Then, we tested this compound on C. elegans and the parasites A. ceylanicum and A. suum using hamsters and mice as hosts, respectively. We did not find a difference between the animal groups when considering the number of worms recovered from the intestines of animals treated with ketamine and albendazole (P ˂ 0.05). The parasite burden of larvae recovered from the lungs of mice treated with ketamine was similar to those treated with ivermectin. Conclusion: These results presented here demonstrate the nematicidal activity of ketamine in vitro and in vivo. Thus, confirming the nematicidal potential of the molecule present in the fungus P. chlamydosporia may consist a new method of controlling parasites.
First Web-space Reconstruction Using the Second Dorsal Metacarpal Artery Cutaneous Flap: A Reliable Choice for Large Defects
Authors: Tian Heng , Guo Wenlai , Han Qinghe , Liu Quanzhe , Zhang Lei , Qu Wenrui , Li Rui 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

First web-space defect reconstruction is challenging for reconstructive surgeons. The second dorsal metacarpal artery (SDMA) flap is useful in treating hand and finger defects. However, limited studies have used it for the first web-space defects. This study reports a modified SDMA flap to treat first web-space soft-tissue defects.
Methods

From April 2012 to October 2018, 8 patients underwent a modified SDMA flap transfer (mean flap size, 2 × 3 cm to 4 × 6 cm). The average length of the pedicle was 2.9 cm. On average, the flap was rotated 84°. In 6 patients, full-thickness skin was grafted at the donor sites. The donor site was primarily closed in two cases.
Results

All wounds were healed without complications of flap failure or donor area-related morbidity. The average follow-up period was 7.9 months, and these patients were satisfied with the functional recovery and cosmetic appearance of the scar area. At the end of follow-up, the average movement range of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb, index finger, and long finger were 84°, 88°, and 87°, respectively, while those of the contralateral thumb, index finger, and long finger were 87°, 88°, and 85°, respectively. The first web of the injured side spanned an average of 73°; the measurement on the contralateral side was 91°.
Conclusions

The SDMA flap reconstruction is a simple and fast procedure with a wide resurfacing range for large first web-space defects, low donor-site morbidity, and good functional and esthetic appearance.
Contribution of community health workers in the prevention of disease caused by malnutrition in Rwanda
Authors: Muremyi Roger 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Malnutrition affects physical growth, morbidity, mortality, cognitive development, reproduction, and physical work capacity, and it consequently impacts on human performance, health and survival. It is underlying factor in many diseases for both children and adults, and is particularly prevalent in developing countries, where it affects one out of every 3 preschool-age children. A well-nourished child is one whose weight and height measurements compare very well with standard normal distribution of heights and weights of healthy children of the same age and sex. Factors that contribute to malnutrition are many and varied.Objective The objective of the present study is to evaluate the contribution of community health workers in the prevention of diseases caused by malnutrition in Rwanda. Factors included: community health workers, place of residence (urban, rural), sex of child, marital status, antenatal care, breastfeeding, wealth index and education level.Methodology: We used data from NISR(DHS2014.2015) collected on child that covered 1137 Households. The results show that the level of wasting, stunting, and underweight in children under five years of age was 51.89%, 58.4% and 36.24% respectively.Findings: Malnutrition was significantly (p < 0.01) higher among boys than among girls. The prevalence of wasting and stunting decreased significantly by community health workers and antenatal care. The higher the level of parent’s education, the lower the level of child underweight observed. Breastfeeding was found to reduce the occurrence of underweight among children.Conclusion The study findings imply that efforts for redressing child under nutrition in Rwanda should focus on factors associated with development outcomes such as, community health worker’s improvements, parent’s education, and the creation of employment or economic engagements that do not comprise important child care practices such as breastfeeding and antenatal care.