bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential Osteoprotegerin Kinetics after Stimulation with Desmopressin and Lipopolysaccharides In Vivo
Authors: Buchtele Nina , Kovacevic Katarina D. , Brostjan Christine , Schwameis Michael , Hayden Hubert , Derhaschnig Ulla , Firbas Christa , Jilma Bernd , Schoergenhofer Christian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOsteoprotegerin (OPG) regulates bone metabolism by reducing the activation of osteoclasts, but may also be involved in blood vessel calcification and atherosclerosis. Within endothelial cells OPG is stored in Weibel–Palade bodies (WPBs). Blood kinetics of OPG are essentially unknown. We aimed to assess these using two distinct in vivo models; one after stimulation with desmopressin (DDAVP) and another after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Both clinical trials were conducted at the Department of Clinical Pharmacology at the Medical University of Vienna, Austria. Participants received desmopressin (0.3 µg/kg), LPS (2 ng/kg), or placebo (sodium chloride 0.9%) with subsequent blood sampling at time points up to 24 hours after administration. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the plasma kinetics of OPG after stimulation with desmopressin and LPS. Secondary analyses included the release of other WPB contents including von Willebrand factor (vWF). This analysis included 31 healthy volunteers (n = 16 for desmopressin and placebo, n = 15 for LPS). Infusion of desmopressin did not increase OPG concentrations compared with placebo, while LPS infusion significantly increased OPG levels, both compared with desmopressin (p < 0.0001) and to placebo (p = 0.004), with a maximum of ∼twofold increase in OPG levels ∼6 hours after infusion. von Willebrand factor levels increased after both desmopressin and LPS infusion (p < 0.0001), with a maximum of ∼threefold increase 2 hours after desmopressin and a maximum of ∼twofold increase 6 hours after LPS administration. In conclusion, we report that, in contrast to vWF, OPG is not released upon stimulation with desmopressin, but increases significantly during experimental endotoxemia.
A Rare Neurological Presentation of Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Patel Vishal , Udwadia-Hegde Anaita , Hajirnis Omkar , Nemani Tarishi , Pandrowala Ambreen , Desai Mukesh , Geetha Thenral S. , Ramprasad Vedam , Kashikar Ritu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this case report, we described a 15-year-old boy who presented with intermittent episodes of ataxia and diplopia since 6.5 years of age. Extensive workup done over several years was negative. Brain biopsy showed a neuroinflammatory disorder, and hence, differential diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids, central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma, and small vessel CNS vasculitis were considered. A final diagnosis of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis was made when the patient developed episodes of prolonged fever with pancytopenia much later in the course of illness and genetic workup revealed pathogenic mutations in the PRF1 gene.
Godly vocabulary in Early Modern English religious debate
Authors: Smith Jeremy J. 
Published: June 2020

The English Reformation of the mid-sixteenth century was characterised by a vigorous public discourse of controversy, mediated by the still-novel printing press. On the one side were those – the godly – who favoured reformed religion; on the other were those – generally exiles – who held to increasingly embattled Roman Catholicism. This chapter compares the outputs of two communities of practice – one Protestant, one Catholic – from a key period in the Reformation’s history: the 1560s. It demonstrates how both sides developed distinctive, ideologically-charged lexicons of theology and insult. It also shows how reformers in particular deployed a coded English vocabulary, including words not usually seen as part of the semantic field of religion, to mark their distinctive discourse community.
Design of Hainan Satellite Constellation and Applications for Ocean Observations
Authors: Wang L , Li G Q , Li X M , Yang T L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The one belt and one road initiative, an international tourism island construction and the sustainable development of the Hainan province in China, requires the global Earth observation information obtained via satellite remote sensing. However, the unique geographical location of the Hainan province and its cloudy and rainy climate causes several challenges for the acquisition of high-quality satellite remote sensing images. To address this issue, the proposed Hainan satellite constellation is aimed at building a remote sensing satellite system equipped with optical, hyperspectral, and radar payloads as well as a payload for ship automatic identification system, considering specific business requirements. The application will focus on ship detection and islands and marine environment observations. Once the complete operation of the Hainan satellite constellation is established, it will supply high-frequency and coverage observations in low-latitude regions, covering major portions of the maritime silk road areas. This will facilitate marine environment protection and services, and marine resources exploration. This paper introduces the design of the Hainan satellite constellation, including its architecture, characteristics and innovations, and potential applications for ocean observations.
An image cube subscription service prototype based on 3D topological relationship and its case study
Authors: Wei Dandan , Yu Jinsongdi , Yang Yanling , Wang Dong , Tong Ruiju 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The normalization, standardization and unification of GIS image cube services support the effective sharing of geographic information data, solve problems of incompatibility and non-uniformity of image cube data services, significantly improve the sharing and socialized use of geographic information resources, and promote the development of digital earth. By reviewing and comparing various geographic information subscription and service standards in the mainstream of GIS industry, this study analyzed requirements of standardized GIS image cube data subscription services, proposed a standardized subscription service prototype considering relationships among three-dimensional entities, and explored an industrial application implementation mechanism according to case demands of specific fields.
Sensitivity of Scattering and Absorbing Aerosol to Top of Atmosphere Polarization Pattern
Authors: Zhao Haimeng , Yang Haiju , Sun Peng , Wu Yi , Li Lihe , Zhu Jianfang , Xiong Chuan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this letter we simulated the top of atmosphere (TOA) polarization patterns with scattering and absorbing aerosol situations through a successive orders of scattering (SOS) radiative transfer model. In the analysis of single scattering properties of aerosol particles, absorbing aerosol has an obvious different pattern from those non-absorbing aerosols. The TOA Degree of Linear Polarization (DoLP) decreases significantly when scattering aerosol optic depth (AOD) increases. While for absorbing aerosol case, the TOA DoLP keep stable or even increases when aerosol absorbing AOD increases, which suggest a way to retrieve absorbing property of aerosol.
Ulva prolifera detection with dual-polarization GF-3 SAR data
Authors: Geng Xiaomeng , Li Pingxiang , Yang Jie , Shi Lei , Li Xiao-ming , Zhao Jinqi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Ulva prolifera is a marine hazard occurs frequently in the Yellow Sea of China, which has led to continuous impacts on the marine environment. Accurate and timely information on Ulva prolifera monitoring by satellite remote sensing, plays a significant role in the marine ecological environment and coastal tourism development. Compared with optical remote sensing, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has the capability of imaging the earth‘s surface independent of sunlight and cloud, as well as in high spatial resolution. Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PolSAR) backscattered signal that contains scattering and phase information, has a great advantage in target observation. An experiment based on GF-3 dual polarimetric characteristics features is implemented, which indicates it is suitable for detecting Ulva prolifera. The detection results are extracted based on the proposed method in Lianyungang coastal zone. Compared with the ground truth of expert interpretation, the kappa coefficient is 0.94, and the overall accuracy is 0.99.
Towards efficient digital governance of city air pollution using technique of big atmospheric environmental data
Authors: Ren Xuanzhengbo , Zhao Yuqi , Wu Lin , Jiang Jinrong , Zhang Changbin , Tang Xiao , Han Lina , Zhu Mingming , Wang Zifa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The 11th goal of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) aims at making cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable, to which the rising city air pollution poses a severe challenge. Achieving this goal necessitates governing city air quality at large scale. However, the lack of interconnection among air quality modelling, multi-source data, pollution diagnosis and control actions impedes scalable and efficient governance of city air pollution. Here we present a design of digital governance to make full use of science and information techniques, so that information and decisions can be well generated and processed to form scientific prevention and control against heavy city air pollution. We implement the desired interconnection based on open-architecture big atmospheric environmental data system, which supports digitizing the workflow and dataflow of governance practices. Through the network of digital governance, those cities with limited resources and capacities can henceforth access data and expertise, such as model-based air quality forecast and data-based mitigation actions, to realize regional joint prevention and control of heavy air pollution. With a demonstration case for the Wuhan city in China using the Nested Grid Air Quality Prediction Modelling System (NAQPMS) developed by the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, we show how our design of digital governance would empower scientific control of heavy city air pollution and help achieving the SDG goal 11.
Monotonic Vegetation Trend Detection Based on Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition in Ningxia, China
Authors: Tang Liang , Yang Haijun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
China and its local governments have made a variety of efforts in vegetation protection and restoration to ensure sustainability especially in the area threatened by severe desertification, such as Ningxia. Studying the vegetation trend and the underlying driving factors is integral to the assessment of the effect of those efforts. This paper applied Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) in combination with Mann-Kendall (M-K) significance test to detect the monotonic trend of vegetation in Ningxia based on the 16-day MODIS NDVI time series spanning the period from 2006 to 2015. The result showed that the vegetation in Ningxia exhibited an upward trend in general. The area with upward and downward trend accounted for 80.94% and 14.87%, respectively, and the area without significant change accounted for 4.46%. A rapid increase was found in the central part of the Loess Plateau, whereas a non-increase occurred in the urban expansion area. The possible major driving factors for the detected trend include the implementation of the “Grain for Green” program and urbanization.
Evaluating the Crowdedness of Urban Emergency Shelters Based on the Improved Gravity Model
Authors: Su Haoran , Chen Wenkai , Wang Zijing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The evaluation of the crowdedness of urban emergency shelters is highly important for the evacuation and advance planning of emergency shelters. Given the urgency of evacuation following a disaster, this study assesses the buildings in a residential area, and attempts to improve the existing gravity model of emergency shelter evaluation through the introduction of population-scale influence factor, emergency shelter service capacity and travel limit distance. The study considers parts of the Chengguan District of Lanzhou City as an example. Based on the attraction of emergency shelters to the residential area, the residents are allocated to each emergency shelter for quantitative analysis of urban emergency shelter crowdedness under different travel limits distances. The results show that the crowdedness differs greatly depending on the distance to the shelter, and becomes worse due to the small number of emergency shelters in the Southwest region. With the increase of the travel limit distance, the number of emergency shelters that can be reached by the residents increases; consequently, the crowdedness decreases, which shows a trend of increasing from northeast to southwest. The improved gravity model considers the travel distance, population size and service capacity of emergency shelter. The model allows us to evaluate the impact of the travel distance on the crowdedness of emergency shelters when the travel distance is short, and assess the service capacity of emergency shelters when the travel distance is long. The use of this model can reasonably and reliably reflect the crowdedness of emergency shelters and provide a scientific basis for the planning and decision-making of relevant government departments.
Intelligently Extracting and Analysing High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images for Demolition and Reclamation Land Assessment in Population Relocation for Poverty Alleviation
Authors: Bai Yaqing , He Guojin , Li Haochuan , Wang Guizhou , Zhou Dengji 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In recent years, China has witnessed a rapid development in the field of high-resolution satellite data acquisition. These remote sensing images obtained from satellites have been extensively applied in the social and economic sectors. Population relocation for poverty alleviation is a key task during the implementation of the 13th Five-Year Plan, involving 1,400 counties in 22 provinces in China. This study focuses on the utilisation of high-resolution remote sensing data and data of the national relocation information system to intelligently analyse changes in demolished and reclaimed lands in the selected area. The area is a county in Shandong Province, and according to the data from the national relocation information system, it constitutes 12 centralised resettlement sites hosting 2,510 families comprising 7,708 people, all classified as poverty-stricken households by the state. This method is suitable for the relocation of the entire village areas rather than the scattered relocation of individual households. It also provides an effective support for the local government to save and intensively use land resources, thereby avoiding waste of land resources and construction funds.
Urbanization monitoring using big Earth Observation data for world heritage sites of China
Authors: Li Qiang-qiang , Li Xiang-xin , Ma Yong-huan , Lu Lin-lin , Wang Xin-yuan , Luo Lei , Cheng Yu-ting , Wu Rui-chan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
World heritage is a precious treasure left to mankind by history. It is a treasure of all human civilization and has very important historical, artistic and scientific value. Protecting world cultural heritage is a prerequisite for protecting the inheritance of human culture, safeguarding the diversity and creativity of the world’s culture, and promoting the development of mankind. However, the rapid urbanization process globally has changed the land cover/land use, transportation and environmental conditions in cities, and has caused some impacts and damages to the world heritage sites. Based on three global Earth Observation datasets including Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL), global population grid products (Worldpop) and the global night-time light images (DMSP/OLS), this paper proposed an urbanization intensity index (UII) to dynamically monitor and quantitatively assess the intensity of urbanization around the world heritage sites. Large UII values represent high urbanization degrees in the study area, and vice versa. The rapid increase of UII indicated that great impacts might be caused by the urban development process on corresponding heritage sites. The assessment results showed that the mean value of UII at 10 world cultural heritage sites in China’s urban areas increased from 0.35 in 2000 to 0.42 in 2015. The urbanization intensity index of the world cultural heritage sites can provide valuable datasets and scientific basis for the protection and development of world cultural heritage sites.
Analysis and Thinking of Urban Transportation Planning against the Backdrop of Multi-planning Integration
Authors: Yin Yixiao , Guo Zhong , Tang Yuanwu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In recent years, China has shifted from high-speed growth to high-quality development. At the same time, its urban transportation system is also moving from rapid expansion to intensive and efficient development. Though urban transportation system has entered the stage of relative maturity and stability, some problems are impacting heavily on plan implementation, e.g., poorly-developed planning system, overlapped planning management, theory & practice decoupling and lack of some evaluation steps. In the new situation of multi-planning integration, we propose integrating urban transportation planning into the spatial planning system by focusing on transforming and upgrading transportation planning management, and by streamlining the planning relations, unifying planning system, coordinating planning management, regulating planning compilation and improving implementation mechanism, so that urban transportation planning plays the greater role of strategic orientation in multi-planning system.
Study on the Distribution Law and Speed Limit of Night Speed in Expressway Maintenance Area
Authors: Huang Yong , Fang Daqing , Tan Fuliang , Tao Minglu , Si Daoguang , Shu Yang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In order to reasonably determine the maximum and minimum vehicle speed limit values at night and ensure the driving safety in the maintenance area of expressway, the distribution law of vehicle speed at night in the maintenance area of expressway is studied. Based on the investigation of one-way lane closure construction in the four-lane maintenance area of expressway, the location speed of the main traffic control area in the night maintenance area is analyzed, and the average speed, 85% vehicle speed, the speed difference in different areas and the speed difference in heavy-duty vehicle(HDV) and light-duty vehicle(LDV) workshops are determined. The results show that the standard deviation of vehicle speed distribution from warning area to transition zone to construction area is obviously reduced, and the speed difference between HDV and LDV is also obviously reduced. Finally, according to the distribution characteristics of night speed, the night speed limit model of maintenance operation area is given, the speed limit values of different models are calculated respectively, and the night perceived speed model is used to modify the speed limit value.
Reliability analysis of highway network in China based on complex network theory
Authors: Jia Hui-di , Li Qian , Zhou Guang-Jing , Zuo Ran 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, complex network theory is introduced to analyze the Chinese highway network. 72 cities were extracted from highway information in China and topological network was established based on L space. Then degree distribution, betweenness, clustering coefficient and other network characteristics of Chinese highway network were analyzed. Through computer simulation, the reliability of the Chinese highway network was carried out. The results show that the highway network in China is relatively complete, the connection between cities is convenient.
What is the impact of additional runway to obstacle limitation surface area?
Authors: Sandhyavitri Ari , Insani Harahap Fatimah 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
It is obvious that the additional runways (one or two more runways) from the existing runway at a specific airport may increase the overall obstacle limitation surface areas within the airport. In fact, based on a case study at Kualanamu International Airport, Indonesia, it was revealed that an increase the number of the runway from 1 runway to become 2 runways were not necessary to increase the overall obstacle limitation surface areas. It was identified that the vertical height of the existing obstacle limitation surface decreased at the range of 1.961% to 8.163%, however, the horizontal one increased at 8,57 %.
Vulnerability analysis of landslide at Sibolangit using Geographic Information System (GIS) based on population density and slope gradient
Authors: Puji Hastuty Ika , Ahmad Fauziah , Roesyanto  , Ridwan Anas M , Hidayati Yossi R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Sibolangit is one of districts in Deli Serdang that has wavy and hilly relief and has high gradient of slope. This condition causes Sibolangit is vulnerable towards natural landslide. One of the causes of landslide is population density and slope gradient / Based on BPS data in 2018, the population growth/year from 2016 to 2016 is 2.42% and in 2015 to 2016 is 2.37%. It shows that the growth in Sibolanngit increases where the population densitiy affects the changes of land use. People living on a land with high gradient is most likely to be one of the causes of slide. This research is to determine the vulnaribility level in Sibolangit based on population density and gradient. The analysis is done using Geographic System Information. Parameter used is gradient, population density, working factor, number of children, number of the elderly, and number of women to map the vulnaribility. Risk Map with citizenship as parameter has three classes such as low, high and very high.
Measuring regional cohesion effects of new toll roads investments: an accessibility approach
Authors: Anas Ridwan , Puji Hastuty Ika , Sembiring Irwan S. , Sukmono Yosi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Accessibility is a concept that combines a geographic or location and transport system, considered as an interaction between locations, which represents an implementation of transport development. Therefore, an accessibility index may be used as a proxy to assess regional cohesiveness. This paper evaluates the accessibility impact of new toll roads investment by location indicator measurement. Comparing the results between the regions that connected to the toll road, differences in accessibility value for each region indicate the regional cohesion effects derived from the new toll road investment.
Evaluation of toll rates based on ATP / WTP and BKBOK case studies: Medan-Binjai and Medan-Tebing Tinggi toll roads
Authors: Anas Ridwan , Sembiring Irwan S , Puji Hastuty Ika 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The government is obliged to provide road infrastructure inadequate supply of infrastructure, either to accelerate the regional economy. Due to the limited budget in efforts to fulfil road infrastructure, so the government carries out various policies to attract the private sector to invest in the road sector, especially toll roads. One of the parameters of toll road investment is related to the initial of toll rate to be applied, where toll rates are determined by saving in vehicle operating costs and value of time and considering the Ability to Pay and Willingness to Pay (ATP / WTP).This study aims to evaluate toll rates are set for the Medan-Binjai and Medan-Tebing Tinggi sections with BKBOK and ATP/WTP analysis, as a reference in the basic operation of the toll road.