bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Condensate water as a compressor discharge cooler to generate subcooling on the residential air conditioning using R32 as refrigerant
Authors: Sumeru K , Margana AS , Hidayat S 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn residential sector, air conditioning (A/C) system contributes the largest power consumption. As a result, several methods have been developed to improve the system performance. Subcooling is a method to improve the performance of A/C by increasing the cooling capacity. Because R32 has much lower global warming potential (GWP) than that of R22 and R410A, this refrigerant is projected as a substitute of R22 and R410A. This study investigates the performance improvement of residential (A/C) using condensate water as a compressor discharge cooler to generate subcooling. In present study, the experiment was carried out on a split-type A/C using R32 as working fluid. During the experiment, the indoor and outdoor temperatures were controlled at 20°C and 33°C, respectively. The experimental results showed that the average decrease in refrigerant temperature at the condenser outlet was 4.5°C. The decrease in temperature at the condenser outlet indicated that the subcooling occurred on the system. The subcooling on the condenser outlet resulted in increase in cooling capacity by 12.1%. In addition, the use of condensate water as a compressor discharge cooler increased the COP by 21.7%.
Thermal Characteristics of Geopolymer from Co-combustion Residuals of Bamboo and Kaolin
Authors: Purbasari A , Samadhi T W , Bindar Y , Wulandari W 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Geopolymer, inorganic polymer with Si-O-Al bonds, can be utilized as Portland cement substitute. Resistance to fire or high temperature is one of the characteristics that should be possessed by building materials. In this paper, the behaviour of geopolymer from co-combustion residuals of bamboo and kaolin when exposed to high temperature was studied from thermogravimetric, derivative thermogravimetric, and differential scanning calorimetry analysis. The result showed that geopolymer from co-combustion residuals of bamboo and kaolin underwent dehydration, densification by viscous sintering, and further densification processes with mass loss of 19.5 % after exposure to temperature of 1000 °C.
The Isotherm Studies Of Adsorbent Development From Pulogadung Primary Sewage Sludge (PS) With Rice Straw Addition By Hydrothermal
Authors: Huseini M R , Fitriyano G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The rapidly amount of primary sludge (PS) by pass production from wastewater treatment plant becomes problematic worldwide due to the release of some toxic substances from PS if directly dispose to the landfill. Hydrothermal treatment (HTT) has been reported to be able to immobilize heavy metals and generated bio-char, and silicate-based minerals for the potential development of adsorbent.This study investigated the feasibility of adsorbent development from HTT sludge and also addition of rice straw then tested the performance of the developed adsorbent for ammonia removal from synthetic ammonia wastewater. Rice straw (RS) addition can enhance ammonia adsorption capacity of all the developed adsorbents (HTT150+RS; HTT175+RS; HTT200+RS). The maximum ammonia adsorption capacity for developed adsorbents (HTT150+RS; HTT175+RS; HTT200+RS) were approximately 37-40 mg-N/g-SS, about 70-80 % of ammonia adsorption capacity of zeolite used in this work. The Hydrothermal of PS + RS indicates is a potential bio-sorbent.
Application of jasmonic acid: Effects on growth and phenolic constituents’ production of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. UKM-2)
Authors: Aishah M A Siti , Huda A H Noor , Nadirah C M C N A , Jalifah L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are widely reported to have key role related to plant growth and metabolite production. However, studies on the impact of PGRs especially jasmonic acid (JA) on phenolic constituents in Roselle has not been reported yet in any previous studies. The present study investigates the effect on plant growth and phenolic constituents’ production in response to JA application with different concentrations of H. sabdariffa var. UKMR-2. JA solution was applied at 65 days after transplanting (DAT) according to their treatment designated; 0.5 mM (JA1), 1 mM (JA2) and Control (untreated). The growth performance was recorded and the assessments of phenolic constituents in the calyx water extract followed Folin-Ciocalteu assay, pH differential method and DPPH assay. The results showed that application of JA has significant influences on phenolic constituent production and antioxidant activity (p < 0.05). Between JA concentrations, increasing the JA concentration from 0.5 to 1 mM resulted in a decreasing value of total phenolics and total anthocyanins content. However, plant growth parameters showed that there is no significant effect with JA treatments (p > 0.05). Therefore, the result suggested that exposure to JA decreased the UKMR-2 plant growth and calyx yields, phenolic constituents’ content and antioxidant activity compared to Control with the sequence: Control > JA1 > JA2.
Appropriate Diet and Stocking Density for Sea Cucumber (Holothuria scabra) Larvae Rearing
Authors: Abidin N A , Shaleh S R Muhamad , Ching F F , Othman R , Manjaji-Matsumoto M , Mustafa S , Senoo S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Overexploitation of sea cucumbers especially Holothurians is not a new issue, as this species has been highly demanded and traded at high price in Asian dried seafood market. As the wild seed supply has shown a substantial decline, hatchery production is urgently needed to supply the aquaculture industry. However, many are still struggling with the larviculture of Holothuria scabra. In this study, suitable diet (Nannochloropsis sp., Chaetoceros calcitrans and combined diet) and stocking density (1, 1.5 and 2 larvae ml−1) for H. scabra larvae are tested in a factorial experiment. The experiment was carried out in plastic containers randomly arranged in a water bath at temperature 29-30°C. Result shows that, there was a strong interaction between diets and stocking density on the growth of the larvae (p=0.000). Single species of Nannochloropsis sp. at 1.5 larvae ml−1 demonstrated the highest growth (109.69± 8.21). On the other hand, single species of C. calcitrans also at 1.5 larvae ml−1 enhanced the metamorphosis of auricularia into doliolaria stage. However, the survival rate was not significantly affected by the diets and stocking density (p= 0.974) although single species of Nannochloropsis sp. at 2 larvae ml−1 has the highest survival (1.2±1.05). For a stocking density of 1.5 larvae ml−1, it is recommended to feed the larvae with Nannochloropsis sp. and C. calcitrans for higher growth and faster metamorphosis, respectively.
Isolation, characterisation and in vitro evaluation of bacteriocins-producing lactic acid bacteria from fermented products of Northern Borneo for their beneficial roles in food industry
Authors: Jawan R , Kasimin ME , Jalal SN , Mohd. Faik AA , Abbasiliasi S , Ariff A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this study, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from traditional fermented foods namely coco bean, fermented cabbage, salted vegetable, tempeh, tempoyak, tapai ubi and tapai nasi were screened for production of bacteriocin. Characterisation and in vitro evaluation of them were carried out to assess their potential use in food industry. Towards these objectives, the inhibitory spectra of the isolates against Listeria monocytogenes ATCC13932, resistance to phenol, amylolytic and proteolytic activities, ability to produce acid and coagulate milk, antibiotic susceptibility and tolerance in the presence of various concentration of NaCl and at different temperatures were evaluated. Two out of 15 LAB strains were able to inhibit the growth of food-borne pathogen, L. monocytogenes ATCC 13932 and produce bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances. The strains were identified as Pediococcus acidilactici TN1 (from tapai nasi) and Lactobacillus farciminis TY1 (from tempoyak). Biochemical and physiological tests demonstrated that, both strains were able to grow at wide range of NaCl concentrations (0.5 - 5.0 %, w/v) and temperatures (28 - 70 °C), and capable to degrade protein. They lowered the pH level and coagulate milk after 24 h of incubation. Both strains showed intrinsic mechanisms of antibiotic resistance towards streptomycin, norfloxacin, erythromycin, amikacin and nalidixic acid. They also were able to grow in 0.3% (w/v) of bile salts and tolerate up to 0.5% (w/v) phenol. The findings from this study revealed the presence of LAB strains in fermented foods of Northern Borneo which have an antimicrobial activity towards the food-borne pathogen. Even though this study had generated extensive information to validate Pediococcus acidilactici TN1 and Lactobacillus farciminis TY1 as potential probiotic strains for application in the food industry, the study is by no means comprehensive nor complete. More laboratory, particularly in vivo studies, are needed before this product could be accepted by the food industry and most importantly to explore its novel health promoting functions as well as its colonization behaviour in the gut.
Formulation and Evaluation of Hair Shampoo Containing Tea Tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) Oil and Virgin Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Oil
Authors: Kinjuit Henzilenah , Surugau Noumie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Tea Tree oil (TTO) contains beneficial properties such as antibacterial, antimicrobial, antiviral and anti-fungal. Whereas, the medium chain fatty acids in Virgin Coconut oil (VCO) able to protect hair follicles from heat, restoring hair’s moisture and other damage. This paper describes the physical properties of seven hair shampoo formulations containing differing amount of TTO and VCO. The essential oils (TTO) applied in these formulations were extracted from fresh tea trees using steam distillation method and the VCO was produced from fermentation of fresh mature kernel coconut. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was conducted to determine the essential oil components of TTO and fatty acid composition of VCO. The shampoo formulations were subjected to evaluation of several parameters namely organoleptic, pH, viscosity, total solid content, foam stability, and dirt dispersion. The results show that the TTO was composed of terpene hydrocarbons with terpinene-4-ol as the major component; meanwhile lauric acid is major component of VCO. All the shampoo formulations were acid-balanced with pH range between 6.23 – 6.43; total solid contents were between 29.92 – 35.61%; stable foaming with the same foam volume for 4 minutes and no dirt was observed. Rheological test showed formulation with 6% TTO (0% VCO) has pseudo-plastic behavior and relatively lower total solid content which are desirable attributes in hair shampoo. Overall, TTO- and VCO-containing shampoo formulations showed ideal physicochemical properties for hair cleansing and treatments.
Characterization of a Putative Antimicrobial Peptide from an Antarctic Bacterium
Authors: Salister S , Yusof N A , Ling C M W V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The search for new antibiotics is a continuous effort since its discovery. Nevertheless, the speed of discovering novels antibiotics cannot match the speed of bacteria acquiring antibiotics resistant. Hence, the search efforts have broadened to include all compounds with antimicrobial activities. The toxin-antitoxin (TA) gene products are the potential antimicrobial compounds worth analyzing. The TA system consists of a set gene found either in the chromosome or plasmid, or both. At the moment, the toxin, a peptide from this system is known to kill some hosts that either encountered stress or have lost the plasmid carrying the TA genes. In a previous study, it was found that an Antarctic bacterium, Cryobacterium sp. SO1 chromosome harbored a putative antimicrobial peptide-coding gene similar to a class II TA, pemK gene. However, it is not clear whether this antimicrobial peptide has cross-species antimicrobial activity. Therefore, this work aims to determine whether this PemK protein has antimicrobial properties or not. The pemKcryobacSo1
gene was ligated to an arabinose-inducible promoter of the Topo pBAD plasmid and used to transform the Escherichia coli TOP10. The cloning of pemK inhibited the growth of the host E. coli TOP10 as the cells failed to grow. This indicated that PemK probably has a cross-species activity inhibited the growth of E. coli apart from its original host Cryobacterium sp. SO1.
In Vitro Digestibility and Thermal Properties of Native and Modified Sago (Metroxylon Sagu) Starch
Authors: Ng J Q , Mamat H , Siew C K , Matanjun P , Lee Jau-Shya 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In recent years, there is growing interest in the nutritional implications of resistant starch in foods due to its functional properties and health benefits. This has resulted to the development of various modification techniques to induce the formation of resistant starch. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of different modifications on digestibility and thermal properties of sago starch. Sago starch was treated with hydrothermal treatment [heat moisture treatment (HMT) and annealing (ANN)] as well as combined modification of acid methanol treatment (AMT) and hydrothermal treatment (HMT and ANN), respectively. Combined modification (AMT-HMT and AMT-ANN) had more pronounced effect in increasing the resistant starch (RS) content and lowering the glycemic index (GI) of sago starch, especially in gelatinized form. Strong negative correlation was obtained between RS and GI in both raw and gelatinised starch. Combination of acid methanol treatment with annealing caused the highest increment in gelatinization temperatures of sago starch.
Can community-based forest management contribute to household income and mitigate land encroachment on Sabah forest reserve? a case study from Mangkuwagu Forest Reserve
Authors: Yahya Hardawati 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Decades of forest management has shown that Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) is the key viability. In such management, the local community is involved in the planning, site-preparation, monitoring, decision-making, and benefit-sharing. Although this seems to be a practical and respectful method for forest management, some problematic issues still arise. One of the much debated subjects include the contribution of CBFM to household income and land encroachment. Hence, this study aims to provide an in-depth discussion of this matter where part of the study’s goals is to determine whether CBFM contributes to household income. In addition, the current case study also seeks to evaluate the household perception on land encroachment in Mangkuwagu Forest Reserve. A mixed methodology based on the triangulation method was employed in this research, including household surveys, face-to-face interviews, and observations of the forest and farm land. The respondents were a random selection of 174 households. Overall, the findings demonstrated that households in Mangkuwagu Forest Reserve have benefited from CBFM through labour wage and the sale of non-wood forest products. It was also discovered that perceptions on land encroachment differ according to the household’s interest and need of the land. Based on the thorough analysis of the data, the local community generally has generally gained considerable benefits from CBFM. Nonetheless, other land issues on land should be acknowledged in future studies to optimise CBFM.
Analysis of Heart Rate and Body Temperature from the Wireless Monitoring System Using Arduino
Authors: Yassin F M , Sani N A , Chin S N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) ward situation tend to be very intense since the patients who are placed in the wards are usually critical condition patients. These patients need an intensive care by the nurses and physician since their condition are not very stable. Therefore, the nurses and physicians need to monitor them very frequent. So, the idea of this monitoring system is mainly to ease the nurses work by reducing monitoring frequency. This monitoring system also purposely built to make them alert about their patient thus, can minimize the risk of patients who are monitored. This monitoring system is using the microcontroller (Arduino Uno) which is connected to the laptop via Bluetooth to transfer the data of heart rate and body temperature of the respondent. This data was sense through Heart-Rate Grove sensor and LM35 temperature sensor. The data were processed and displayed on the laptop for every minute continuously. Different colour of LED was used as an indicator to notify the condition of the respondent’s pulse or body temperature either it was in high or low condition as a warning. For young adult with fever respondent, it shows the result of 81 bpm of heart rate and 37.63°C of body temperature with 3.83% and 0.65% of the Mean Absolute Percent Error (MAPE) respectively. This monitoring system has successfully built and able to display the data of the heart rate and body temperature of the respondent for every minute and able to facilitate autonomous monitoring tasks in the future.
The Piecewise Collocation Solution Of Second Kind Fredholm Integral Equations By Using Quarter-Sweep Iteration
Authors: Mohamad N. S. , Sulaiman J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In this paper, a piecewise collocation discretization scheme based on the piecewise constant approximation with the concept of quarter-sweep Jacobi (QSJ) iteration is discussed in solving the linear Fredholm integral equations of second kind. By considering the piecewise approximation equations, the generated linear system has been constructed with its large scale coefficient matrix. The purpose of this quarter-sweep iteration concept is to reduce the computational complexity of the linear system. For the purpose of comparison, the formulation and implementation of full-sweep Jacobi (FSJ), half-sweep Jacobi (HSJ) and QSJ iterative methods are also included. The results of these three proposed methods showed that the QSJ method is better than others Jacobi iteration family.
Exploring an In-house Online Reputation Monitoring Implementation
Authors: Mohd Ilias M S , Najwa Hayaati M A , Azni Haslizan A H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Today, our online reputation can be developed through subjective opinions communication by netizen on social media. Online reputation especially for business entities can affect in many aspects such as sales and customer loyalty. Due to high amount of social data (e.g. comments), the manual approach in monitoring subjective opinions towards our brands, products or name is no longer relevant. Therefore, entities either organizations or individuals should monitor their online reputation using social media analytics tools such as sentiment analysis to mitigate reputation attack. However, Online Reputation Monitoring (ORMo) is yet a common practice where most practitioners are large corporations. Outsourcing is a good option but entities must allocate some costs which a burden for most small and medium entities. Thus, implementing social media analytics in-house ORMo by entities is a reasonable option. However, the guideline to implement in-house ORMo is still not well explored including what are the needed features in an ORMo tool. Therefore, this research attempts to explore on how to implement an in-house ORMo at affordable cost but reliable. In achieving the objective, this research involved four stages of investigations which are needs assessment of ORMo tool features, prototype development, simulation and expert survey for validation. This research found that in-house ORMo can be implemented at minimal cost using existing resources and the accuracy can be improved by updating the collection of words with its sentiment polarity. The results of this research can be the basis for an in-house ORMo tool implementation and for reviewing the existing ORMo tool.
Augmented Reality Mobile Application: A Feasibility Study in a Local National Museum
Authors: Chan B Y , Ismail Z I B A , Jack L P , Asli M F 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In an age of thriving science and technology, the use of advanced technologies in the museum exhibition of museums in Malaysia is still limited, especially in the context of Augmented Reality (AR). Most of the exhibitions in Malaysia’s national museum are still using the passive and conventional information display methods. Hence, this study is intending to promote the usage of AR technology in the national museum exhibition by investigating the feasibility of AR mobile application usage in a local museum. A qualitative approach was used in this study including the interview with domain experts and template analysis. From the template analysis in this study, it shows positive feedback from the respondents. Positive results were shown where AR is considered as an innovative way to preserve and conserve history, enable to the capability to enhance the visitor experience, attract more potential visitors and elevate visitors learning level.
Video Authentication using Shot Boundary Detection Technique-An Overview
Authors: Ali Noraida Haji , Harun Fadilah 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Video is the most challenging and has lots of issues than other type of multimedia data and video authentication is one of the popular issues regarding the video. Technologies of communication nowadays can simplify sharing of multimedia data such as text, images and videos through online or offline and a wide spread of video content its significant to assure the integrity and originality of video information. Recently, a lot of cases have been stated regarding an illegal activity in the video. Such as, video editing or video tampering attacks to ruin the authenticity of the video. With only minor alterations could change the meaning of the video. Video authentication detection is a popular issue and of high importance in various fields such as in forensic investigations, court of law and video surveillance. A lot of techniques are proposed by previous study to assure the originality of video in their own way. In this study, it focuses to detect tampering attacks and alterations in video using shot boundary detection techniques. Shot boundary detection is a very challenging task and it’s commonly used for structured video because these techniques can detect the changes made with normal shot change rate. Meanwhile, this research will emerge to produce new model for video structure detection using shot boundary detection with the histograms feature that is significant to design of powerful tools to detect an originality of video and to locate the tampering attacks in video.
Household income prediction model due to fuel price fluctuation: A review
Authors: Rahim Norhana Abd. , Yusoff Yumn Suhaylah 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The world crude oil price has experienced the most volatile period in the beginning of 2007. The increasing trend has led to a significant impact on many economic sectors around the world. Moreover, individual also affected by the increasing in fuel price and deregulation of fuel subsidy around the world. As consequences, their income became insufficient to cover their monthly expenditure. Therefore, this paper gives an overview of the impacts of the fuel price on the economic sectors and individual. Several economic sectors found to be significantly affected namely transportation, manufacturing, agricultural, production and construction. This study also found that the household income significantly affected by the fuel price fluctuation. Hence, this paper reviews several prediction models to predict fuel price and household income. The regression and simulation models are found to be efficient in predicting the fuel price and household income. The review indicates that these models could be used to help individual, especially Malaysian in managing their income in the spike in fuel price. This study could be beneficial to all Malaysian which helps in managing their income and expenditure for better quality of life among Malaysian.