bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porphyrin‐Based Metal–Organic Frameworks for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Chen Jiajie , Zhu Yufang , Kaskel Stefan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPorphyrins and porphyrin derivatives have been widely explored for various applications owing to their excellent photophysical and electrochemical properties. However, inherent shortcomings, such as instability and self‐quenching under physiological conditions, limit their biomedical applications. In recent years, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have received increasing attention. The construction of porphyrin‐based MOFs by introducing porphyrin molecules into MOFs or using porphyrins as organic linkers to form MOFs can combine the unique features of porphyrins and MOFs as well as overcome the limitations of porphyrins. This Review summarizes important synthesis strategies for porphyrin‐based MOFs including porphyrin@MOFs, porphyrinic MOFs, and composite porphyrinic MOFs, and highlights recent achievements and progress in the development of porphyrin‐based MOFs for biomedical applications in tumor therapy and biosensing. Finally, the challenges and prospects presented by this class of emerging materials for biomedical applications are discussed.
Promoting the Electrocatalytic Performance of Noble Metal Aerogels by Ligand‐Directed Modulation
Authors: Fan Xuelin , Zerebecki Swen , Du Ran , Hübner René , Marzum Galina , Jiang Guocan , Hu Yue , Barcikowki Stephan , Reichenberger Sven , Eychmüller Alexander 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNoble metal aerogels (NMAs) are an emerging class of porous materials. Embracing nano‐sized highly‐active noble metals and porous structures, they display unprecedented performance in diverse electrocatalytic processes. However, various impurities, particularly organic ligands, are often involved in the synthesis and remain in the corresponding products, hindering the investigation of the intrinsic electrocatalytic properties of NMAs. Here, starting from laser‐generated inorganic‐salt‐stabilized metal nanoparticles, various impurity‐free NMAs (Au, Pd, and Au‐Pd aerogels) were fabricated. In this light, we demonstrate not only the intrinsic electrocatalytic properties of NMAs, but also the prominent roles played by ligands in tuning electrocatalysis through modulating the electron density of catalysts. These findings may offer a new dimension to engineer and optimize the electrocatalytic performance for various NMAs and beyond.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and ADME prediction studies of novel imidazopyrimidines as antibacterial and cytotoxic agents
Authors: Abdel‐Mohsen Heba T. , Abood Amira , Flanagan Keith J. , Meindl Alina , Senge Mathias O. , El Diwani Hoda I. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn the present study, a novel series of polyfunctionalized imidazopyrimidines 6a–u and 9a–d were efficiently constructed by a domino reaction between 2‐imino‐6‐substituted‐2,3‐dihydropyrimidin‐4(1H)‐ones 4a–d or 8a–c and 2‐bromoacetophenones 5a–i under mild basic conditions. The synthesized series were screened for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis as Gram‐positive (+) bacteria, as well as against Gram‐negative (−) bacteria Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi. Most of the synthesized derivatives of imidazopyrimidines 6 and 9 showed remarkable selectivity against Gram(−) bacteria over the Gram(+) ones. Compounds 6c, 6f, and 6g displayed potent and broad‐spectrum antibacterial activity against all tested strains. Compounds 6f and 6g displayed promising inhibitory activity on GryB ATPase from E. coli with IC50 = 1.14 and 0.73 μM, respectively. Simultaneously, some of the synthesized imidazopyrimidines were screened for their antiproliferative activity against 60 cancer cell lines at a concentration of 10 μM. Compound 9d showed potent activity against most of the tested cell lines, with a mean growth inhibition of 37%. The ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) prediction study demonstrated that the synthesized hits have, in addition to their promising chemotherapeutic activity, acceptable pharmacokinetic properties, and a drug‐likeness nature to be further developed.
The Interchromatin Compartment Participates in the Structural and Functional Organization of the Cell Nucleus
Authors: Cremer Thomas , Cremer Marion , Hübner Barbara , Silahtaroglu Asli , Hendzel Michael , Lanctôt Christian , Strickfaden Hilmar , Cremer Christoph 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis article focuses on the role of the interchromatin compartment (IC) in shaping nuclear landscapes. The IC is connected with nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) and harbors splicing speckles and nuclear bodies. It is postulated that the IC provides routes for imported transcription factors to target sites, for export routes of mRNA as ribonucleoproteins toward NPCs, as well as for the intranuclear passage of regulatory RNAs from sites of transcription to remote functional sites (IC hypothesis). IC channels are lined by less‐compacted euchromatin, called the perichromatin region (PR). The PR and IC together form the active nuclear compartment (ANC). The ANC is co‐aligned with the inactive nuclear compartment (INC), comprising more compacted heterochromatin. It is postulated that the INC is accessible for individual transcription factors, but inaccessible for larger macromolecular aggregates (limited accessibility hypothesis). This functional nuclear organization depends on still unexplored movements of genes and regulatory sequences between the two compartments.
Limbic encephalitis associated with AMPA receptor and CRMP5 antibodies: A case report and literature review
Authors: Jia Yujuan , Wang Jie , Xue Lanping , Hou Yuli 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsAMPA receptor (AMPAR) and CRMP5 antibodies are relatively uncommon in limbic encephalitis, and patients with both antibodies are rare. We recently treated such a patient, but the patient died after active treatment. To further understand this disease, we conducted a case report and literature review.DiscussionsTo date, five encephalitis patients, including our patient, have been found to be positive for AMPAR and CRMP5 antibodies. The male‐to‐female ratio of the reported cases is 4:1, and the age range is 26 and 62 years old. All five patients presented with various neuropsychiatric symptoms, including insomnia, abnormal behavior, seizures, extrapyramidal symptoms, and autonomic dysfunction. Four patients had tumors (three invasive thymomas and one suspected lymphoma), and three cases died within a short period of time. No tumor was detected in one of the patients during the follow‐up period; however, after active treatment, the outcome was poor, and the patient developed cachexia. One patient had good response to immunotherapy and tumor therapy and successfully returned to work.ConclusionsThe prognosis of encephalitis associated with AMPAR and CRMP5 antibodies is worse than that of the encephalitis associated with AMPAR antibodies alone. The most likely cause is that this encephalitis is more likely to be accompanied by malignant tumors, leading to a poor prognosis. In addition, it may also be due to some synergistic mechanisms between the two antibodies. Further studies aimed at the prognosis of this type of encephalitis are warranted.
Data‐driven analysis of JAK2V617F kinetics during interferon‐alpha2 treatment of patients with polycythemia vera and related neoplasms
Authors: Pedersen Rasmus K. , Andersen Morten , Knudsen Trine A. , Sajid Zamra , Gudmand‐Hoeyer Johanne , Dam Marc J. B. , Skov Vibe , Kjær Lasse , Ellervik Christina , Larsen Thomas S. , Hansen Dennis , Pallisgaard Niels , Hasselbalch Hans C. , Ottesen Johnny T. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTreatment with PEGylated interferon‐alpha2 (IFN) of patients with essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera induces major molecular remissions with a reduction in the JAK2V617F allele burden to undetectable levels in a subset of patients. A favorable response to IFN has been argued to depend upon the tumor burden, implying that institution of treatment with IFN should be as early as possible after the diagnosis. However, evidence for this statement is not available. We present a thorough analysis of unique serial JAK2V617F measurements in 66 IFN‐treated patients and in 6 untreated patients. Without IFN treatment, the JAK2V617F allele burden increased exponentially with a period of doubling of 1.4 year. During monotherapy with IFN, the JAK2V617F allele burden decreased mono‐ or bi‐exponentially for 33 responders of which 28 patients satisfied both descriptions. Bi‐exponential description improved the fits in 19 cases being associated with late JAK2V617F responses. The decay of the JAK2V617F allele burden during IFN treatment was estimated to have half‐lives of 1.6 year for the monoexponential response and 1.0 year in the long term for the bi‐exponential response. In conclusion, through data‐driven analysis of the JAK2V617F allele burden, we provide novel information regarding the JAK2V617F kinetics during IFN‐treatment, arguing for early intervention.
Association between DNA damage repair gene somatic mutations and immune‐related gene expression in ovarian cancer
Authors: Tian Wenjuan , Shan Boer , Zhang Yuzi , Ren Yulan , Liang Shanhui , Zhao Jing , Zhao Zhengyi , Wang Guoqiang , Zhao Xiaochen , Peng Dongxian , Bi Rui , Cai Shangli , Bai Yuezong , Wang Huaying 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundDefects in DNA damage repair (DDR) system may lead to genomic instability and manifest as increased immunogenicity. DDR deficiency is prevalent in ovarian cancer (OvCa); however, the association of DDR mutation with immune profiles in OvCa remains largely unknown. This knowledge will provide an essential basis to the rational design of biomarker‐guided immune combination therapy of OvCa in the future.MethodsWhole‐exome sequencing data of 587 OvCa from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used to determine the expression profiles of 47 immune‐related genes and the abundance of tumor‐infiltrating immune cells. A Chinese OvCa cohort (n = 220) tested by next‐generation sequencing (NGS) was used to validate the association between DDR status and tumor mutation burden (TMB).ResultsA total of 19.3% in TCGA cohort and 25.9% in Chinese cohort harbored at least one DDR somatic mutation. DDR deficiency exhibited a distinct immune profile with significant higher expression levels of PTPRCAP, CCL5, IFI16, LAG3, IL15RA, and GBP1 in OvCa in the TCGA cohort. Different DDR pathway deficiency displayed various immune profiles. Increased levels of Th1 cells, TMB, and neoantigen were also observed in DDR‐deficient tumors.ConclusionsDDR deficiency was associated with specific immune signatures in OvCa. Our findings emphasize the urgent need for biomarker‐guided rational immune combination therapy to maximize the OvCa patients who could benefit from immunotherapy.
Patterns of care for older patients with stage IV non‐small cell lung cancer in the immunotherapy era
Authors: Kehl Kenneth L. , Hassett Michael J. , Schrag Deborah 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundHistorically, older patients with advanced lung cancer have often received no systemic treatment. Immunotherapy has improved outcomes in clinical trials, but its dissemination and implementation at the population level is not well‐understood.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of patients with stage IV non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosed age 66 or older from 2012 to 2015 was conducted using SEER‐Medicare. Treatment patterns within one year of diagnosis were ascertained. Outcomes included delivery of (a) any systemic therapy; (b) any second‐line infusional therapy, following first‐line infusional therapy; and (c) any second‐line immunotherapy, following first‐line infusional therapy. Trends in care patterns associated with second‐line immunotherapy approvals in 2015 were assessed using generalized additive models. Sociodemographic and clinical predictors of treatment were explored using logistic regression.ResultsAmong 10 303 patients, 5173 (50.2%) received first‐line systemic therapy, with little change between the years 2012 (47.5%) and 2015 (50.3%). Among 3943 patients completing first‐line infusional therapy, the proportion starting second‐line infusional treatment remained stable from 2012 (30.5%) through 2014 (32.9%), before increasing in 2015 (42.4%) concurrent with second‐line immunotherapy approvals. Factors associated with decreased utilization of any therapy included age, black race, Medicaid eligibility, residence in a high‐poverty area, nonadenocarcinoma histology, and comorbidity; factors associated with increased utilization of any therapy included Asian race and Hispanic ethnicity. Among patients who received first‐line infusional therapy, factors associated with decreased utilization of second‐line infusional therapy included age, Medicaid eligibility, nonadenocarcinoma histology, and comorbidity; Asian race was associated with increased utilization of second‐line infusional therapy.ConclusionUnited States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals of immunotherapy for the second‐line treatment of advanced NSCLC in 2015 were associated with increased rates of any second‐line treatment, but disparities based on social determinants of health persisted.
Prevalence, Severity and Chronicity of Corporal Punishment in Colombian Families
Authors: Trujillo Angela , González Martha Rocío , Fonseca Laura , Segura Santiago 
Published: January 2020

Colombia is one of the countries where corporal punishment (CP) is not yet banned. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of CP in Colombia with respect to prevalence, severity and chronicity. We used the Spanish version of the Parent–Child Conflict Tactics Scale to assess 853 parental reports on the use of CP against their children in the four major cities of the country: Barranquilla, Bogotá, Medellin and Cali. Analyses of variances and logistic regressions were performed. Socio‐demographic variables that are predictors of the use of CP are parental age, the number of children in the household and age of the children. The results indicated a high rate of prevalence (77%) but low levels of severity and chronicity, as reported by Colombian parents. Our findings suggest that CP is a normalised practice, which might be linked to direct or indirect exposure to the long‐lasting armed conflict (more than 50 years) that the country endured. Recommendations for social policies are presented, particularly the design and implementation of locally relevant interventions for the prevention of this practice.‘This study aims to contribute to the understanding of CP [corporal punishment] in Colombia with respect to prevalence, severity and chronicity’Key Practitioner Messages

There is a high prevalence of CP in Colombia but low levels of severity and chronicity.
Socio‐demographic variables such as parental age and the number of children in the household are predictors of the prevalence of CP but not of its chronicity or severity.
The use of CP might be related to the armed conflict that the country endured for the last 50 years.
It is important to address the prevention of CP to promote a peaceful society.
Silencing of long noncoding RNA UCA1 inhibits colon cancer invasion, migration and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and tumour formation by upregulating miR‐185‐5p in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Cao Chen , Zhang Junhui , Yang Chuanhua , Xiang Lili , Liu Wenneng 
Published: January 2020

Colon cancer is the third most common malignancy in the world. Long‐chain noncoding RNA urothelial carcinoma‐associated 1 (UCA1) was abnormally expressed in colon cancer and participated in colon cancer by regulating multiple miRNAs. This study further explored the molecular mechanism of UCA1 in the development of colon cancer from both in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that UCA1 was highly expressed in colon cancer cells, while miR‐185‐5p was low expressed. Bioinformatics analysis showed that miR‐185‐5p was a target of UCA1, while MAPK14 was a target of miR‐185‐5p. Knockdown of UCA1 with shRNA (sh‐UCA1) resulted in a significant increase in miR‐185‐5p and a significant decrease in MAPK14. In addition, sh‐UCA1 inhibited invasion, migration and epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation of colon cancer cells. Western blotting also showed that sh‐UCA1 inactivated the MAPKAPK2/HSP27 pathway. Furthermore, animal studies have revealed that sh‐UCA1 inhibited tumour formation in vivo and improved the survival rate of mice. Collectively, these results suggest that silencing UCA1 may inhibit the carcinogenesis and metastasis of colon cancer in vitro and in vivo by modulating miR‐185‐5p/MAPK14/MAPKAPK2/HSP27 axis.Significance of the studyColon cancer is the third largest malignant tumour worldwide. This study elucidated the role of urothelial carcinoma‐associated 1 (UCA1) in colon cancer cells and its molecular mechanism. The present study suggests that silencing UCA1 may inhibit the invasion, migration, epithelial‐mesenchymal transformation and tumour formation of colon cancer by upregulating miR‐185‐5p in vitro and in vivo. In summary, this study provides a new strategy for targeted therapy of colon cancer.
Propolis prevents inhibition of apoptosis by potassium bromate in CCD 841 human colon cell
Authors: Memmedov Hikmet , Oktay Latife Merve , Durmaz Burak , Günel Nur Selvi , Yı̇ldırım Hatice Kalkan , Sözmen Eser Yıldırım 
Published: January 2020

Previously, we demonstrated that biotransformation of propolis by some special strains of Lactobacillus plantarum might decrease the allergenic molecules in propolis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of biotransformation of propolis on its antioxidant effect and its protective effect against potassium bromate‐induced cancer in human colon cell line.Propolis samples were treated with different solutions (ethanol, polyethylene glycol, and water), and ultrasonication was applied at 40 Hz (5, 10, and 15 minutes) in order to facilitate solvation of solid samples. Fermentations were performed by L. plantarum strains (ISLG‐2, ATCC‐8014, and Visbyvac). The phenolic content of propolis was determined with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS). The antioxidant activity (antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation) and apoptosis markers (caspase 3,8,9, cytochrome‐c, tumour necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand‐R1 and R2 [TRAIL], and apoptosis protease activating factor‐1 [APAF‐1] levels) were determined in CCD 841‐human colon cell line after induction of oxidative stress by potassium bromate.All propolis samples in different solvents induced apoptosis and 4 biotransformed (by L. plantarum ISL‐2 strain and L. plantarum ATCC 8014 strain) propolis samples with low allergenic molecules demonstrated similar inductions of apoptosis in CCD841 cell line.In conclusion, reduction of allergenic molecules in propolis via biotransformation did not change the antioxidant and protective effects of propolis, and it is suggested as a potential therapeutic molecule in prevention of colon cancer caused by oxidative stress for all patients.Significance of the studyThis study is the first investigation that shows protective effect of propolis against potassium bromate toxicity by means of decreasing lipid peroxidation and reversing the main molecule levels in intrinsic and extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Biotransformed propolis samples by L. plantarum ISL‐2 and ATCC 8014 strain with low allergen molecule content has also the same effect in potassium bromate toxicity in CCD841 colon cell. Our data contributed that propolis as a natural compound might be a good candidate due to its minimal toxicity and lack of any adverse effects to prevent carcinogenic effect of potassium bromate.
Chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention in Latin America
Authors: Quadros Alexandre , Belli Karlyse C. , de Paula João E. T. , de Magalhães Campos Carlos A. H. , da Silva Antonio C. B. , Santiago Ricardo , Ribeiro Marcelo H. , de Oliveira Pedro P. , Lamelas Pablo , Abelin Aníbal P. , Bezerra Cristiano G. , Filho Evandro M. , Fuchs Felipe C. , de los Santos Félix D. , de Andrade Pedro B. , Quesada Franklin L. H. , Araya Mario , Perez Luis A. , Côrtes Leandro A. , Zukowski Cleverson N. , Alcantara Marco , Muniz Antônio J. , Martinelli Gustavo C. , de Carvalho Cantarelli Marcelo J. , Brito Fábio S. , Baradel Sandra , de Alencar Araripe Falcão Breno , Mangione José A. , Medeiros César R. , Degrazia Ramiro C. , Lecaro José A. N. , Gioppato Silvio , Ybarra Luiz F. , Weilenmann Daniel , Gottschall Carlos A. M. , Lemke Viviana , Padilla Lucio 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo report clinical, angiographic characteristics, outcomes, and predictors of unsuccessful procedures in patients who underwent chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) in Latin America.BackgroundCTO PCI has been increasingly performed worldwide, but there is a lack of information in this region.MethodsAn international multicenter registry was developed to collect data on CTO PCI performed in centers in Latin America. Patient, angiographic, procedural and outcome data were evaluated. Predictors of unsuccessful procedures were assessed by multivariable analysis.ResultsWe have included data related to 1,040 CTO PCIs performed in seven countries in Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, and Puerto Rico). The mean age was 64 ± 10 years, and CTO PCI was performed mainly for angina control (81%) or treatment of a large ischemic area (30%). Overall technical success rate was 82.5%, and it was achieved with antegrade wire escalation in 81%, antegrade dissection/re‐entry in 8% and with retrograde techniques in 11% of the successful procedures. Multivariable analysis identified moderate/severe calcification, a blunt proximal cap and a previous attempt as independent predictors of unsuccessful procedures. In‐hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) occurred in 3.1% of the cases, death in 1% and cardiac tamponade in 0.9%ConclusionsCTO PCI in Latin America has been performed mainly for ischemia relief. Procedures were associated with a success rate above 80% and low incidence of MACE. Predictors of unsuccessful procedures were similar to those previously reported in the literature.
Visible‐light‐stimulated Alkalis‐triggered Platinum Cocatalyst with Electron Deficient Interface for Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Sun Zongzhao , Jiang Yabin , Wang Wu , Zhong Ruyi , Pu Yayun , Chen Qianwen , Nan Bo , He Jiaqing , Huang Limin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSolid–liquid interface engineering has recently emerged as a promising technique to optimize the activity. Here, the cation identity and induced interfacial electronic structure of Pt have been shown to have a particularly significant impact on the activity of desired photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The behavior of Pt aggregation synergistically induced by photo‐electron accumulation on Pt surface and the ionic potential of alkalis was logically elucidated. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoconductive atomic force microscopy (pcAFM) results revealed that the surface of alkali‐triggered Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs) aggregates are electron‐deficient, which favors photo‐induced charge separation, leading to improved reaction kinetics. Based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculation, alkalis‐triggered Pt NPs has lower Gibbs free energy and potential energy surface of H2 formation for hydrogen evolution in thermodynamics. As a result, K+ triggered Pt cocatalyst displays the highest activity (3306.6 μmol h−1 g−1) on pure CN, almost 4‐fold increase compared to the reference without the addition of alkalis, showing high utilization efficiency of Pt.