bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spinal muscular atrophy care in the COVID‐19 pandemic era
Authors: Veerapandiyan Aravindhan , Connolly Anne M. , Finkel Richard S. , Arya Kapil , Mathews Katherine D. , Smith Edward C. , Castro Diana , Butterfield Russell J. , Parsons Julie A. , Servais Laurent , Kuntz Nancy , Rao Vamshi K. , Brandsema John F. , Mercuri Eugenio , Ciafaloni Emma 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has resulted in reorganization of healthcare settings affecting the delivery of clinical care to patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). There is a concern that patients with SMA may be at increased risk of manifesting severe symptoms of COVID‐19. Currently approved therapies for SMA improve survival and motor function; however, their delivery requires an increased exposure to the health system and a dedicated healthcare team. In this study, we discuss consensus recommendations pertaining to care of SMA patients during the pandemic. We highlight that SMA treatments should not be perceived as elective. Decisions regarding the delay of treatments should be made with consideration of the potential risks of COVID‐19 exposure and the risk of that delay. We emphasize the importance of collaborative treatment decisions between the patient, family, and healthcare provider, considering any geographic‐ or institution‐specific policies and precautions for COVID‐19.
Experimental investigation on flexural cracking behavior of ultrahigh performance concrete beams
Authors: Qiu Minghong , Shao Xudong , Zhu Yanping , Zhan Jian , Yan Banfu , Wang Yan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe flexural cracking behavior of ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC) beams was experimentally studied in this paper. Eight UHPC beams were tested and analyzed regarding their crack pattern, crack spacing and load‐crack width curves. The test variables included reinforcement ratio, reinforcement diameter and UHPC cover thickness. The results indicated that crack width of UHPC increased linearly with the increase of applied load until the yielding of steel rebars. When the applied load was beyond the yielding load, one or two flexural cracks developed into localized cracks, followed by a rapid increase in crack width. Besides, increasing the ratio of steel rebars and appropriately decreasing the thickness of UHPC cover were beneficial to decrease mean crack spacing and maximum crack width, whereas reinforcement diameter had little influence on these characteristics. Predictions of crack width by existing FRC/UHPC codes were evaluated and compared with the experimental results. The comparisons indicated that predicted values by NF‐P18‐710, MC 2010, CNR‐DT 204, and RILEM TC‐162‐TDF models showed a good accuracy with experimental ones. The highest deviation for mean crack spacing and maximum crack width were less than 18 and 8%, respectively. However, CECS 38 model gave the largest deviation about 60 and 25% for prediction of mean crack spacing and maximum crack width, respectively. Among them, NF‐P18‐710 model exhibited the best accuracy with average ratio and SD of 1.01 and 0.17, respectively.
Chemical constituents of leaves of Passiflora Incarnata Linn. (Passifloraceae)
Authors: Dat Vo Hoang , Lien Do Thi My , Dat Huynh Ngoc , Duong Ngo Thi Thuy , Phung Nguyen Kim Phi , Thu Nguyen Thi Hoai , Tuyet Nguyen Thi Anh 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the investigation of the chemical constituents of the ethyl acetate extract of Passiflora incarnata Linn., collected at Dong Hoa district, Phu Yen province, six compounds were isolated. They were one megastigmane, dehydrovomifoliol (1), three megastigmane monoglycosides, roseoside (2), byzantionoside B (3) and foliasalacioside L (4), one flavone C‐monoglycoside vitexin (5) and one nucleotide glycoside uridine (6). Their chemical structures were elucidated by means of HR‐MS, 1D and 2D‐NMR data analysis and the comparison their NMR data with those reported in the literature. Although, these compounds had already reported in the other species, they were known in Passiflora incarnata Linn. for the first time to the best of our knowledge.
Synthesis of Fe3O4/Alginate composite for dye removal from aqueous solution
Authors: Minh Vu Xuan , Hanh Le Thi My , Lan Pham Thi , Van Bien Tran , Dung Nguyen Tuan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCurrently, in Vietnam, the textile industry is developing strongly, accompanied by the problem of wastewater pollution is becoming more serious. The most difficult to treat in textile waste water is residue dye. Research on the production of adsorbents of natural origin, environmentally friendly and recyclable is one of the high potential socio‐economic solutions. In this study, water treatment composite beads were synthesized from the natural alginate product of Nha Trang Institute of Technology Research and Application and nano magnetite particles. Batch adsorption experiments of anionic dye (methyl orange) and cationic dye (methylene blue) showed that the composite beads adsorbed very well MB at high pH (pH > 2.5), and almost without MO adsorption. The equilibrium adsorption time is found to be 240 minutes. The experimental adsorption data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms, and the results showed that Langmuir isotherm fits well the MB adsorption on Fe3O4/Alg composite bead, with the adsorption capacity, qmax, of 555 mg/g. The desorption with various solutions showed that 0.1 M HCl and 0.1 M CaCl2 solutions were used for the desorption with an efficiency of 90 %.
Insight prediction of receptor binding activity of a set of benzamide derivatives using hybrid QSAR models: GA‐MLR and GA‐SVR
Authors: Van Tat Pham , Nhung Nguyen Thi Ai 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, we developed the hybrid QSAR models (HQSAR) for a set of benzamide derivatives by combining genetic algorithms with multivariate regression and support vector machine learning techniques. The genetic algorithm has assisted the selecting process of 2D and 3D molecular descriptors to get a globally optimal HQSARGA‐MLR model with k = 7. The hybrid support vector regression model (HQSARGA‐SVR) received from the selected descriptors of the multivariable regression model (HQSARGA‐MLR) has been operated to predict the pIC50 activity of validation and prediction groups with MARE% of 0.8492 % and 2.8411 %. The hybrid support vector technique has improved the efficiency of the predictability of the multivariate regression model. The predicted activities pIC50 of benzamide derivatives resulting from the HQSARGA‐SVR model are reliable enough and in good agreement with experimental data.
Effect of edible coating and antifungal emulsion system on Colletotrichum acutatum and shelf life of strawberries
Authors: Dong Lieu My , Quyen Nguyen Thi Truc , Thuy Dang Thi Kim 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe edible coating based on sodium alginate, chitosan, carrageenan combined with antifungal emulsion system has improved the quality and shelf life of strawberries in 16 days of storage at 4 oC. The result of determining the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of emulsions made from cassia oil in surfactants (Tween 20 with or without ethanol) against Colletotrichum acutatum was 121 and 243.8 ppm of cassia oil respectively. Strawberry samples treated by edible coating maintained the quality parameters (pH, weight loss, total soluble solids, titratable acidity) of strawberries compared to the control sample. The total aerobic microorganisms count and total yeast‐mold in edible films containing cassia oil were significantly low compared to control samples at the end of storage. Edible films made by chitosan 0.25 % (w/v) combining cassia oil showed the best result compared to the control sample and there were no significant differences between MFC and 0.5 MFC value of cassia oil. In sensory evaluation, there is no significant difference between edible film samples with or without cassia oil at 0.5 MFC value.
The melting rheology, mechanical properties, thermal stability and morphology of polylactic acid/ethylene bis stearamide modified gypsum composite
Authors: Huynh Mai Duc , Trung Tran Huu , Dat Nguyen Huu , Giang Nguyen Vu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this research, gypsum (calcium sulfate) was surface modified by ethylene bis stearamide (EBS) before dispersing into PLA in melting state at various contents to obtain PLA/gypsum composites. The FTIR analysis revealed the presence of EBS on gypsum. The mechanical properties of the composite, such as tensile strength, impact strength, flexural strength…, showed that composite using EBS treated gypsum owns mechanical properties higher than composite using untreated gypsum. In thermal analysis, the maximum decomposition temperature of composite using EBS treated gypsum was higher than that of neat PLA and composite using untreated gypsum. SEM images on fracture surface of the composites also showed the difference between these samples.
Molecular structure of N‐Trifluoroacetylpiperidine 1 and 4‐Methylpyridine‐N‐Oxide studied by Gas Electron Diffraction and Quantum Chemical Calculations
Authors: Long Le Kim , Phien Tran Dinh , Trang Nguyen Hoang , Vytalevna Belova Natalya 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMolecular structures of N‐Trifluoroacetylpiperidine 1 and 4‐Methylpyridine‐N‐oxide 2 are studied by gas‐phase electron diffraction/mass spectrometry (GED / MS) and quantum chemical (QC) calculations. The strong conjugation of the electron lone pair on the nitrogen atom and the double bond of the carbonyl cause molecule 1 to exist solely in the form of structure whereby the trifluoroacetyl group is in an intermediate position. As regards compound 2, the results of quantum chemical calculations and GED showed that molecule 2 has molecular symmetry in the form of CS with the flat pyridine ring. There were no hydrogen atoms on the flat surface of the pyridine ring. Structure parameters obtained from the experiments are appropriate for the parameters from quantum chemical calculation DFT for irreplaceable N‐oxide molecule. The presence of the CH3 substituent in 2 results in an increase of electron density and a decrease of the ipso angle, and an increase of r (N‐O) in comparison with irreplaceable pyridine‐N‐oxide.
An efficient method for production of kynurenic acid by Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Wróbel‐Kwiatkowska Magdalena , Turski Waldemar , Kocki Tomasz , Rakicka‐Pustułka Magdalena , Rymowicz Waldemar 
Published: April 2020

AbstractKynurenic acid (KYNA) is a compound derived from the tryptophan catabolic pathway. Antioxidant and neuroprotective properties have been confirmed for KYNA, which makes it an interesting and important metabolite of biomedical significance. In the present study, the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica was tested for KYNA biosynthesis. The results showed that Y. lipolytica strain S12 is able to produce KYNA in high concentrations (up to 21.38 μg/ml in culture broth and 494.16 μg/g cell dry weight in biomass) in optimized conditions in a medium supplemented with tryptophan. Different conditions of culture growth, including the source of carbon, its concentration and pH value of the medium, as well as the influence of an inhibitor or precursor of KYNA synthesis, were analysed. The obtained data confirmed the presence of KYNA metabolic pathway in the investigated yeast. To our best knowledge, this is the first study that reports KYNA production in the yeast Y. lipolytica in submerged fermentation.
The Maya Idea of Culturally Sustainable Development
Authors: MacNeill Timothy 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAfter having discussed, via ethnography, the origins of the idea of culturally sustainable development in Guatemala, this chapter describes the idea itself as a development theory. Not only is Maya cosmovision given a central role in the chapter, but distinct programmes and community interventions are described as well. The deep political implications of indigenous sustainable development programmes are made clear when we consider conflicts between communities seeking to operationalize indigenous forms of sustainable development and international mining companies in Guatemala.
Garifuna Sustainable Development
Authors: MacNeill Timothy 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe methods and understandings introduced in previous chapters are used to discuss indigenous sustainable development as it is emerging amongst Afro-indigenous Garifuna in Honduras. Although Garifuna activists, thinkers, leaders, and practitioners share a close geographical relation to Maya groups, their challenges, cultures, and histories are substantially different. As a result, Garifuna sustainable development has its own distinct form, focused increasingly around territorial autonomy and food sovereignty.
Fucosidases from the human gut symbiont Ruminococcus gnavus
Authors: Wu Haiyang , Rebello Osmond , Crost Emmanuelle H. , Owen C. David , Walpole Samuel , Bennati-Granier Chloe , Ndeh Didier , Monaco Serena , Hicks Thomas , Colvile Anna , Urbanowicz Paulina A. , Walsh Martin A. , Angulo Jesus , Spencer Daniel I. R. , Juge Nathalie 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe availability and repartition of fucosylated glycans within the gastrointestinal tract contributes to the adaptation of gut bacteria species to ecological niches. To access this source of nutrients, gut bacteria encode α-l-fucosidases (fucosidases) which catalyze the hydrolysis of terminal α-l-fucosidic linkages. We determined the substrate and linkage specificities of fucosidases from the human gut symbiont Ruminococcus gnavus. Sequence similarity network identified strain-specific fucosidases in R. gnavus ATCC 29149 and E1 strains that were further validated enzymatically against a range of defined oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. Using a combination of glycan microarrays, mass spectrometry, isothermal titration calorimetry, crystallographic and saturation transfer difference NMR approaches, we identified a fucosidase with the capacity to recognize sialic acid-terminated fucosylated glycans (sialyl Lewis X/A epitopes) and hydrolyze α1–3/4 fucosyl linkages in these substrates without the need to remove sialic acid. Molecular dynamics simulation and docking showed that 3′-Sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) could be accommodated within the binding site of the enzyme. This specificity may contribute to the adaptation of R. gnavus strains to the infant and adult gut and has potential applications in diagnostic glycomic assays for diabetes and certain cancers.
Der unaufklärbare Fall MM – späte Lehren aus einem Grenzfall der Rechtsmedizin des Jahres 1984
Authors: Rittner C. , Madea B. 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Fall der kleinen MM aus dem Jahre 1984 wird wohl nie aufgeklärt werden. Das 3‑jährige Mädchen verschwand aus dem Nachbarhaus und wurde einen Monat später tot in einem Bach schwimmend aufgefunden. Fortgeschrittene Fäulnis erschwerte die Feststellung der Todesursache, ein Bruchsystem am Schädel führte nach Asservierung nicht zur Identifizierung eines Tatwerkzeugs, jedoch zu einer schweren Belastung der Eltern und einer nie abgeschlossenen Trauerarbeit. Erst die Einstellung der Ermittlungsverfahren nach 35 Jahren erlaubt eine rückblickende Betrachtung der Grenzen der rechtsmedizinischen Expertise jener Zeit sowie des Ermittlungsverfahrens bei einem mit hoher krimineller Energie durchgeführten Verbrechen, das mangels eines Geständnisses nie aufgeklärt wurde.
Does Obstructive Sleep Apnea Affect Perioperative Complications? A Retrospective Study Using a Modified NSQIP Database
Authors: Abdulhai Mohamad , Sedeeq AlHasan , Neponmayshy Dmitry 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been linked to increased perioperative complications. The National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP), which is the leading outcomes‐based patient database, does not report OSA as a comorbidity. Therefore, we started recording the patient's OSA status as part of Lahey Hospital and Medical Center's (LHMC) NSQIP database in an effort to study the effect of OSA on perioperative complications.MethodsStarting July 2013 we have been including patients’ OSA status in our hospital's NSQIP database. We conducted chart review of all patients who underwent any surgical intervention at LHMC between 2013 and 2016 and identified those who had OSA as part of their medical history. We then compared their perioperative mortality and complications to a matched sample.ResultsA total of 7872 patients were examined. In total, 739 patients had OSA bringing our prevalence to 9.4%. In total, 631 were matched to patients without OSA after adjusting for age, gender, BMI and multiple other comorbidities. We found no statistically significant difference in 30‐day mortality (0.1 vs 0%), unplanned intubation (2.6 vs 1.1%), pulmonary embolism (0.5 vs 0.2%), respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation (2.3 vs 1.4%), cardiac arrest (0.5 vs 0.3%), myocardial infarction (0.4 vs 0.5%), surgical site infections (4.6 vs 4.3%), sepsis (2.4 vs 1.9%) and average length of stay (3.8 vs 4.2).ConclusionPatients with OSA did not have any statistically significant difference in post‐op complications or mortality when compared to patients without OSA. This is the first study that tracked OSA status as part of the NSQIP database and studied its effect on perioperative complications. Randomized controlled studies are needed to conclude whether OSA status affects perioperative outcomes.
Ruxolitinib-based combinations in the treatment of myelofibrosis: worth looking forward to
Authors: Li Yujin , Zhu Shirong , Liu Weiyi , Ming Jing , Wang Xueying , Hu Xiaomei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRuxolitinib is a targeted drug to treat myelofibrosis (MF). Ruxolitinib has significant advantages in spleen reduction and increasing 5-year overall survival (OS), and ruxolitinib-based combinations might provide more benefits than ruxolitinib monotherapy. In this review, we focus on the data of ruxolitinib-based combinations therapies and treatment-related adverse events (AEs) and safety. We analyzed and summarized the data of ruxolitinib-based combinations. Ruxolitinib combined with prednisone + thalidomide + danazol (TPD), panobinostat, pracinostat, azacytidine, or hydroxyurea has well reduced spleen. Ruxolitinib combined with danazol or TPD had well therapies in improvement of hemoglobin (Hgb) and platelets (PLT). Most ruxolitinib-based combinations therapies showed a superior benefit on reduced treatment-related AEs than ruxolitinib monotherapy. Treatment-related AEs and dose modification affect the safety and tolerability of ruxolitinib-based combinations. Genetic testing before treatment is recommended. To provide better clinical guidance, comparisons of these randomized controlled trials with the trials of ruxolitinib alone are necessary. This review suggests that the clinical application of ruxolitinib-based combinations is worth waiting for.
Thirty years of coral heat-stress experiments: a review of methods
Authors: McLachlan Rowan H. , Price James T. , Solomon Sarah L. , Grottoli Andréa G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFor over three decades, scientists have conducted heat-stress experiments to predict how coral will respond to ocean warming due to global climate change. However, there are often conflicting results in the literature that are difficult to resolve, which we hypothesize are a result of unintended biases, variation in experimental design, and underreporting of critical methodological information. Here, we reviewed 255 coral heat-stress experiments to (1) document where and when they were conducted and on which species, (2) assess variability in experimental design, and (3) quantify the diversity of response variables measured. First, we found that two-thirds of studies were conducted in only three countries, three coral species were more heavily studied than others, and only 4% of studies focused on earlier life stages. Second, slightly more than half of all heat-stress exposures were less than 8 d in duration, only 17% of experiments fed corals, and experimental conditions varied widely, including the level and rate of temperature increase, light intensity, number of genets used, and the length of acclimation period. In addition, 95%, 55%, and > 35% of studies did not report tank flow conditions, light–dark cycle used, or the date of the experiment, respectively. Finally, we found that 21% of experiments did not measure any bleaching phenotype traits, 77% did not identify the Symbiodiniaceae endosymbiont, and the contribution of the coral host in the physiological response to heat-stress was often not investigated. This review highlights geographic, taxonomic, and heat-stress duration biases in our understanding of coral bleaching, and large variability in the reporting and design of heat-stress experiments that could account for some of the discrepancies in the literature. Development of some best practice recommendations for coral bleaching experiments could improve cross-studies comparisons and increase the efficiency of coral bleaching research at a time when it is needed most.
The Calderón problem for the fractional Schrödinger equation with drift
Authors: Cekić Mihajlo , Lin Yi-Hsuan , Rüland Angkana 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe investigate the Calderón problem for the fractional Schrödinger equation with drift, proving that the unknown drift and potential in a bounded domain can be determined simultaneously and uniquely by an infinite number of exterior measurements. In particular, in contrast to its local analogue, this nonlocal problem does not enjoy a gauge invariance. The uniqueness result is complemented by an associated logarithmic stability estimate under suitable apriori assumptions. Also uniqueness under finitely many generic measurements is discussed. Here the genericity is obtained through singularity theory which might also be interesting in the context of hybrid inverse problems. Combined with the results from Ghosh et al. (Uniqueness and reconstruction for the fractional Calderón problem with a single easurement, 2018. arXiv:1801.04449), this yields a finite measurements constructive reconstruction algorithm for the fractional Calderón problem with drift. The inverse problem is formulated as a partial data type nonlocal problem and it is considered in any dimension $$n\ge 1$$n≥1.
Non-uniqueness of weak solutions to hyperviscous Navier–Stokes equations: on sharpness of J.-L. Lions exponent
Authors: Luo Tianwen , Titi Edriss S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUsing the convex integration technique for the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations introduced by Buckmaster and Vicol, it is shown the existence of non-unique weak solutions for the 3D Navier–Stokes equations with fractional hyperviscosity$$(-\Delta )^{\theta }$$(-Δ)θ, whenever the exponent$$\theta $$θis less than Lions’ exponent 5/4, i.e., when$$\theta < 5/4$$θ<5/4.