bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosomal circRNAs: new players in the field of cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Louis Corentin , Desoteux Matthis , Coulouarn Cédric 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a deadly cancer worldwide associated with limited therapeutic options. A recent study published in Clinical Science by Wang and colleagues [Clin. Sci. (2019) 133(18), 1935–1953] brought new perspectives to CCA management and therapy by focusing on circular RNAs (circRNAs). CircRNAs belong to an emerging class of functional non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulating numerous biological processes. Notably, circRNAs have been associated with cancer onset and progression, although reports in CCA are very limited so far. In this work, the expression of circular RNA circ-0000284 (aka circHIPK3) was specifically elevated in CCA cell lines, human tumor tissues and plasma exosomes. Gain and loss of function approaches were performed to better understand the molecular mechanisms regulated by circ-0000284. Notably, the authors evaluated the role of circ-0000284 as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge. By prediction analysis and functional tests, a direct interaction was demonstrated with miR-637 that targets lymphocyte antigen-6 E (LY6E). Increased expression of circ-0000284 was associated with enhanced migration, invasion and proliferation of CCA cell lines. Interestingly, exosomal-mediated circ-0000284 was reported to exhibit pro-oncogenic effects on surrounding normal cells. Altogether, these data highlight circRNAs not only as new players in CCA pathogenesis but also as promising molecules for innovative non-invasive biomarkers, as circRNAs are enriched and stable in exosomes. Further investigations on extracellular vesicles should provide the necessary tools to improve CCA diagnosis, and move toward targeted-therapies.
Team Management of Velopharyngeal Inadequacy: Practical Suggestions for Speech-Language Pathologists and Surgeons
Authors: Baylis Adriane L. , Perry Jamie , Wilson Kristina , Dailey Scott , Bedwinek Anne , Trost-Cardamone Judith , Kirschner Richard E. , Goudy Steven 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
This article aims to provide a set of guiding principles for interdisciplinary team care of velopharyngeal inadequacy (VPI) for speech, regardless of the etiology.

Method
A working group of practitioners with advanced training and experience in the management of patients with cleft palate/velopharyngeal disorders, including representatives from speech-language pathology, otolaryngology, and plastic surgery, was formed. Pertinent literature was reviewed, and practical suggestions for clinicians were developed through consensus discussion.

Results
Seven key principles were identified as being integral to the provision of interdisciplinary team care for VPI.

Conclusion
Collaborative interdisciplinary team care for persons with velopharyngeal disorders is key to optimal management and outcomes. Practical suggestions for implementing an interdisciplinary team care model for management of cleft-related and noncleft VPI are described.
Teaching Phonological Awareness to Children With Hearing Loss Who Use Spoken Language: Six Big Ideas
Authors: Werfel Krystal L. , Reynolds Gabriella 
Published: October 2019

PurposeBecause children with hearing loss experience difficulty in developing word decoding and spelling skills, effective phonological awareness instruction for this population is vital. Children with hearing loss are often delayed in their development of phonological awareness compared to peers with normal hearing; however, the developmental progression appears to be the same for both groups of children. Some modifications to typical phonological awareness instruction are warranted for this population.ConclusionThis article synthesizes recent research on phonological awareness instruction for children with hearing loss from several research groups into 6 big ideas that have led to impressive gains in phonological awareness skills for this population.
First detection of [13C II] in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Okada Yoko , Higgins Ronan , Ossenkopf-Okada Volker , Guevara Cristian , Stutzki Jürgen , Mertens Marc 
Published: October 2019

Context. [13C II] observations in several Galactic sources show that the fine-structure [12C II] emission is often optically thick (the optical depths around 1 to a few).
Aims. Our goal was to test whether this also affects the [12C II] emission from nearby galaxies like the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC).
Methods. We observed three star-forming regions in the LMC with upGREAT on board SOFIA at the frequency of the [C II] line. The 4 GHz bandwidth covers all three hyperfine lines of [13C II] simultaneously. For the analysis, we combined the [13C II] F = 1−0 and F = 1−1 hyperfine components as they do not overlap with the [12C II] line in velocity.
Results. Three positions in N159 and N160 show an enhancement of [13C II] compared to the abundance-ratio-scaled [12C II] profile. This is likely due to the [12C II] line being optically thick, supported by the fact that the [13C II] line profile is narrower than [12C II], the enhancement varies with velocity, and the peak velocity of [13C II] matches the [O I] 63 μm self-absorption. The [12C II] line profile is broader than expected from a simple optical depth broadening of the [13C II] line, supporting the scenario of several PDR components in one beam having varying [12C II] optical depths. The derived [12C II] optical depth at three positions (beam size of 14″, corresponding to 3.4 pc) is 1−3, which is similar to values observed in several Galactic sources shown in previous studies. If this also applies to distant galaxies, the [C II] intensity will be underestimated by a factor of approximately 2.
Design und Evaluation eines Prüf-Studierenden-Kurses für studentische prospektive Multicenterstudien – ein CHIR-Net-SIGMA-Projekt zum forschenden Lernen
Authors: Rädeker Lukas , Schwab Marius , Frey Pia Elena , Friedrich Mirco , Sliwinski Svenja , Steinle Julia , Fink Christoph A. , Leuk Alexander , Ganschow Petra , Ottawa Gregor Benedikt , Klose Christina , Feißt Manuel , Dörr-Harim Colette , Tenckhoff Solveig , Mihaljevic André L. 
Published: October 2019

ZusammenfassungHintergrund Die Vermittlung wissenschaftlicher Kompetenzen im Medizinstudium ist mangelhaft. Dies setzt sich in der Weiterbildung fort und führt zunehmend zu einem Mangel an wissenschaftlich tätigen Ärzten. Das chirurgische Studiennetzwerk (CHIR-Net) hat ein studentisches Forschungsnetzwerk gegründet (SIGMA, Student-initiated German Medical Audit), um dem entgegenzuwirken. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Entwicklung, Umsetzung und Evaluation eines Prüf-Studierenden-Kurses (PSK) zu beschreiben, der Studierende zur eigenständigen Durchführung von klinischen Studien befähigen soll.Material und Methoden Anhand des Kernzyklus wurde ein 3-gliedriges Curriculum entwickelt, das aus Onlinetutorien, einer Wochenendpräsenzphase sowie einer Nachbereitungsperiode besteht. Die Lernziele wurden anhand der Bloom-Taxonomie des Wissens definiert. Die Lehrinhalte richteten sich nach Vorgaben der Koordinierungszentren für Klinische Studien (KKS-Netzwerk) und der Bundesärztekammer für ärztliche Prüferkurse sowie studienrelevanten Inhalten. Eine große Bandbreite an verschiedenen Lehrmethoden sowie Prüfungsformaten wurde eingesetzt. Durch Einbindung studienrelevanter Berufsgruppen wurde eine enge Verzahnung mit den Studierenden gewährleistet. Der Wissenszuwachs wurde anhand eines Multiple-Choice-Prä-Post-Tests evaluiert. Die Evaluation der Zufriedenheit der Studierenden erfolgte mittels einer 5-Punkte-Likert-Skala, wobei 5 eine volle Zustimmung markierte.Ergebnisse Der erste SIGMA-PSK wurde im Frühjahr 2018 erfolgreich implementiert. Die Präsenzphase fand im Februar 2018 mit 32 Studierenden aus 13 Standorten statt, wobei die Studierenden aus unterschiedlichen Semestern kamen. Im Mittel wurden im Prä-Test 53,8 ± 8,3% der Fragen korrekt beantwortet vs. 71,2 ± 7,2% im Post-Test (p < 0,0001). Die größte individuelle Verbesserung des Testergebnisses betrug 30%, die geringste Differenz zum Prä-Test 5%. Subjektive Evaluationsergebnisse des Kurses waren durchweg positiv mit einem durchschnittlichen Ergebnis von 4,63 ± 0,34 auf der 5-Punkte-Likert-Skala.Schlussfolgerung Eine Ausbildung von Medizinstudierenden in den Grundlagen klinischer Studien ist machbar. Ein kompakter PSK kann unter dem Einsatz moderner Lehrdidaktik die Studierenden auf die eigenständige Durchführung klinischer Studien vorbereiten.
Umfrage zum Bedarf einer e-Learning-Plattform für Ärzte in der HNO-Facharzt-Weiterbildung
Authors: Shabli Sami , Heuermann Katharina , Leffers David , Kriesche Franziska , Abrams Nils , Yilmaz Murat , Klußmann Jens Peter , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando , Beule Achim 
Published: October 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Interaktive e-Learning-Plattformen werden in Zukunft das klassische Lehrbuch ersetzen und das Lernen verändern. Diese Plattformen können neben Texten und Abbildungen auch Videosequenzen und Audioaufnahmen umfassen. Ein solches Medium speziell für die HNO-Heilkunde existiert aktuell nicht. Bisher ist der tatsächliche Bedarf von HNO-Assistenzärzten und deren Vorstellung von den Leistungen einer solchen Plattform unklar.
Material und Methoden Eine Online-Umfrage mit 17 Fragen wurde von HNO-Ärzten entwickelt, die weiterbilden und regelmäßig Weiterbildungen besuchen. An alle HNO-Assistenzärzte in Deutschland, die der Deutschen Akademie für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, bekannt waren, wurde die Umfrage im April und Mai 2019 per E-Mail versandt.
Ergebnisse An der Studie nahmen insgesamt 150 von 671 HNO-Ärzten und Assistenzärzten teil (Rücklaufquote: 22 %). Davon waren 80 % Assistenzärzte und 20 % bereits HNO-Fachärzte. 63–80 % der Befragten nutzen Online-Medien bereits am Arbeitsplatz zur Vorbereitung auf die HNO-Fachprüfung, zu Weiterbildungszwecken und zur Unterstützung im klinischen Alltag. 92–95 % der Teilnehmer erklärten, eine interaktive Plattform für die Vorbereitung und Weiterbildung zum HNO-Facharzt nutzen zu wollen. e-Learning-Medien werden von den Befragten zur Vorbereitung auf die HNO-Facharztprüfung bzw. im klinischen Alltag und zur Weiterbildung durchschnittlich 108 bzw. 130 min/Woche verwendet. Der Wunsch nach chirurgischen Lehrvideos ist sehr groß.
Schlussfolgerung Speziell für die HNO-Heilkunde gibt es einen hohen Bedarf an einer strukturierten e-Learning-Plattform. Eine interaktive e-Learning-Plattform würde eine qualifizierte Weiterbildung sicherstellen, ergänzen und unterstützen.
Azaheterocyclic Derivatives of ortho-Carborane: Synthetic Strategies and Application Opportunities
Authors: Smyshliaeva Lidiia A. , Varaksin Mikhail V. , Charushin Valery N. , Chupakhin Oleg N. 
Published: October 2019

Azaheterocyclic derivatives of 1,2-dicarba-closo-dodeca­borane (ortho-carborane) are known to be of particular interest due to numerous plausible applications, particularly, in medicine, materials science, and advanced technologies. Three principal synthetic strategies resulting in azaheterocyclic carboranes, in which boron-enriched and azaheterocyclic fragments are linked to each other, either directly by means of the C–C bonds or through a short spacer (CH2, CH2S, CH2O, etc.), have been outlined. These synthetic approaches are of general character and can be used both individually and in combination to afford promising organoboron clusters of diverse architectures.1	Introduction2	C–C Cross-Coupling Strategies in the Synthesis of Azahetero­cyclic Carboranes3	Carboryne-Based Transformation Strategies4	Condensation Strategies: Reactions of Decaborane B10H14 with Substituted Acetylenes5	Conclusion and Outlook
Growth and Nutrition in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Brownell Jefferson N. , Bashaw Hillary , Stallings Virginia A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractOptimal nutrition support has been integral in the management of cystic fibrosis (CF) since the disease was initially described. Nutritional status has a clear relationship with disease outcomes, and malnutrition in CF is typically a result of chronic negative energy balance secondary to malabsorption. As the mechanisms underlying the pathology of CF and its implications on nutrient absorption and energy expenditure have been elucidated, nutrition support has become increasingly sophisticated. Comprehensive nutrition monitoring and treatment guidelines from professional and advocacy organizations have unified the approach to nutrition optimization around the world. Newborn screening allows for early nutrition intervention and improvement in short- and long-term growth and other clinical outcomes. The nutrition support goal in CF care includes achieving optimal nutritional status to support growth and pubertal development in children, maintenance of optimal nutritional status in adult life, and optimizing fat soluble vitamin and essential fatty acid status. The mainstay of this approach is a high calorie, high-fat diet, exceeding age, and sex energy intake recommendations for healthy individuals. For patients with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, enzyme replacement therapy is required to improve fat and calorie absorption. Enzyme dosing varies by age and dietary fat intake. Multiple potential impediments to absorption, including decreased motility, altered gut luminal bile salt and microbiota composition, and enteric inflammation must be considered. Fat soluble vitamin supplementation is required in patients with pancreatic insufficiency. In this report, nutrition support across the age and disease spectrum is discussed, with a focus on the relationships among nutritional status, growth, and disease outcomes.
Foreign Body Inside the Tunnel: A Rare Cause of Acute Cubital Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Yildiran Gokce , Sutcu Mustafa , Akdag Osman , Tosun Zekeriya 
Published: October 2019

AbstractForeign bodies are common entities found in hand surgery practice. However, they are a very rare cause of the acute cubital tunnel syndrome. A 48-year-old male patient was consulted for cubital tunnel symptoms after 2-day unconscious state in the intensive care unit. The ulnar nerve was explored, a piece of glass was removed inside the cubital tunnel, and the nerve was repaired. However, compression neuropathy symptoms due to the acute trauma are interesting. Nerve laceration with a foreign body should be considered in acute-onset cubital tunnel syndrome, in which the foreign body history of a trauma patient cannot be determined explicitly.
Longitudinally Measured Fibrinolysis Factors are Strong Predictors of Clinical Outcome in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure: The Bio-SHiFT Study
Authors: van den Berg Victor J. , Bouwens Elke , Umans Victor A. W. M. , de Maat Moniek , Manintveld Olivier C. , Caliskan Kadir , Constantinescu Alina A. , Mouthaan Henk , Cornel Jan-Hein , Baart Sara , Akkerhuis K. Martijn , Boersma Eric , Kardys Isabella 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective This article investigates whether longitudinally measured fibrinolysis factors are associated with cardiac events in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).
Methods A median of 9 (interquartile range [IQR] 5–10) serial, tri-monthly blood samples per patient were prospectively collected in 263 CHF patients during a median follow-up of 2.2 (IQR 1.4–2.5) years. Seventy patients (cases) reached the composite endpoint of cardiac death, heart failure hospitalization, left ventricular assist device, or heart transplantation. From all longitudinal samples, we selected baseline samples in all patients and the last two samples before the event in cases or the last sample available in event-free patients. Herein, we measured plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor (suPAR). Associations between temporal biomarker patterns during follow-up and the cardiac event were investigated using a joint model.
Results Cases were on average older and showed higher New York Heart Association class than those who remained event-free. They also had lower blood pressures, and were more likely to have diabetes, renal failure, and atrial fibrillation. Longitudinally measured PAI-1, uPA, and suPAR were independently associated with adverse cardiac events after correction for clinical characteristics (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]) per standard deviation increase of 2.09 (1.28–3.45) for PAI-1, 1.91 (1.18–3.24) for uPA, and 3.96 (2.48–6.63) for suPAR. Serial measurements of tPA were not significantly associated with the event after correction for multiple testing.
Conclusion Longitudinally measured PAI-1, uPA, and suPAR are strongly associated with adverse cardiac events during the course of CHF. If future research confirms our results, these fibrinolytic factors may carry potential for improved, and personalized, heart failure surveillance and treatment monitoring.
Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome and Infertility
Authors: Rodrigues Vivian de Oliveira , Soligo Adriana de Góes e Silva , Pannain Gabriel Duque 
Published: October 2019

AbstractAntiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is a systemic, autoimmune, prothrombotic disease characterized by persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs), thrombosis, recurrent abortion, complications during pregnancy, and occasionally thrombocytopenia. The objective of the present study was to review the pathophysiology of APS and its association with female infertility. A bibliographic review of articles of the past 20 years was performed at the PubMed, Scielo, and Bireme databases. Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome may be associated with primary infertility, interfering with endometrial decidualization and with decreased ovarian reserve. Antiphospholipid antibodies also have direct negative effects on placentation, when they bind to the trophoblast, reducing their capacity for invasion, and proinflammatory effects, such as complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, contributing to placental insufficiency, restricted intrauterine growth, and fetal loss. In relation to thrombosis, APS results in a diffuse thrombotic diathesis, with global and diffuse dysregulation of the homeostatic balance. Knowing the pathophysiology of APS, which is closely linked to female infertility, is essential for new therapeutic approaches, specialized in immunomodulation and inflammatory signaling pathways, to provide important advances in its treatment.
Attitudes and Personal Attributes Regarding Patient Receptivity towards the Participation of Medical Students in Gynecological Consultations: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wanderley Miriam da Silva , Sobral Dejano Tavares , Lima Brenda Alves de Oliveira , Freire Maria Elisa de Bessa , Silva Mariana Albuquerque Campos da , Rosa Marina Prado e Silva Gonçalves , Souza Thaís Ferreira 
Published: October 2019

AbstractObjective To evaluate the association between the acceptance on the part of the patients and their reasons to consent to or refuse medical student attendance during gynecological outpatient care, considering the participants' demographic characteristics, consultation experience, and gender bias or lack thereof.Methods Face-to-face interviews with patients waiting for gynecological consultations that had been scheduled in advance at Hospital Universitário de Brasília. Contingency analyses were used to determine the levels of association among the patient variables. The accepted significance level was values of p < 0.05.Results We interviewed 469 patients. The comfort level with the presence of a student was strongly related to the number of students present during the consultation (Cramér V = 0.671). The inclination to grant consent (a series of reasons to consent to or refuse student attendance) was significantly related (p < 0.001) to the overall receptivity to student participation (ρ = 0.482), the positive appraisal of student-doctor demeanor in previous consultations (ρ = 0.253, N = 408), and to greater levels of schooling (ρ = 0.158). The patients' receptivity was significantly related (p < 0.001) to the lack of bias regarding the gender of the physician (Cramér V = 0.388), previous experience with students (Cramér V = 0.235) and awareness of the fact that they would be present (Cramér V = 0.217), older age (ρ = 0.136, p = 0.003), and multiparity (ρ = 0.102, p = 0.027).Conclusion Greater receptivity to student participation related significantly to five conditions in decreasing order of strength of association: lack of bias regarding the gender of the Ob-Gyn, previous experience with student involvement, awareness of the presence of students, older age, and multiparity. We also found that a more positive inclination to consent to student attendance correlated positively with a greater receptivity to student participation and to a suitable student-doctor demeanor.
Empowering Adolescent Mothers in the Choice of Contraceptive Methods at the Postpartum Period: Avoiding a Subsequent Pregnancy
Authors: Borovac-Pinheiro Anderson , Jesus Erica Almeida Ramos , Surita Fernanda Garanhani 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Objective Almost 80% of adolescent pregnancies are unplanned, and between 28 and 63% of adolescent mothers had a repeated pregnancy within 18 months. Among girls with repeated pregnancies, two-thirds reported that the pregnancy was unplanned. We aim to assess contraceptive use by adolescent mothers with increasing choice for long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) methods in postpartum consultation after a semistructured group intervention involving adolescent mothers.
Methods Retrospective observational study conducted at the Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil, involving new antenatal and postpartum education groups for adolescents. At postpartum consultations, the adolescents chose their contraceptive. The data was compared with previous series followed in a period before the implementation of the education group – a historical control group.
Results We included 129 adolescent after childbirth from January 1st, 2015 through July 31st, 2017. Out of this total, 63% had ever used contraceptive methods before pregnancy, and the most frequent method was combined oral contraceptives (33%) followed by condoms (21%). At the first postpartum consultation, the most common contraceptive chosen was intrauterine contraception (IUC) (37.2%) and depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) (34.1%). When comparing the rates before and after the education interventions, there was a 3-fold increase in the use of IUCs.
Conclusion Antenatal and postpartum education have shown a significant increase in the choice for LARC methods among adolescent mothers, with very high acceptability after a period using the method. The educational groups performed during the antenatal care and beyond the gestational period are easy to be applied worldwide with low dependence on funding.