bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methadone-Induced Encephalopathy: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Haghighi-Morad Maryam , Naseri Zahra , Jamshidi Nazila , Hassanian-Moghaddam Hossein , Zamani Nasim , Ahmad-Molaei Leila 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Accidental ingestion or consumption of supra-therapeutic doses of methadone can result in neurological sequelae in humans. We aimed to determine the neurological deficits of methadone-poisoned patients admitted to a referral poisoning hospital using brain magnetic resonance (MR) and diffusion weighted (DW) imaging.

Methods: In this retrospective study, brain MRIs of the patients admitted to our referral center due to methadone intoxication were reviewed. Methadone intoxication was confirmed based on history, congruent clinical presentation, and confirmatory urine analysis . Each patient had an MRI with Echo planar T1, T2, FLAIR, and DWI and apparent deficient coefficient (ADC) sequences without contrast media. Abnormalities were recorded and categorized based on their anatomic location and sequence.

Results: Ten patients with abnormal MRI findings were identified. Eight had acute- and two had delayed-onset encephalopathy. Imaging findings included bilateral confluent or patchy T2 and FLAIR high signal intensity in cerebral white matter, cerebellar involvement, and bilateral occipito-parietal cortex diffusion restriction in DWI. Internal capsule involvement was identified in two patients while abnormality in globus pallidus and head of caudate nuclei were reported in another. Bilateral cerebral symmetrical confluent white matter signal abnormality with sparing of subcortical U-fibers on T2 and FLAIR sequences were observed in both patients with delayed-onset encephalopathy.

Conclusions : Acute- and delayed-onset encephalopathies are two rare adverse events detected in methadone-intoxicated patients. Brain MRI findings can be helpful in detection of methadone-induced encephalopathy.
Socioeconomic status of pregnancy outcomes in Chongqing, Southwest China
Authors: Zhang Ting , Zhou Wei , Tan Qiang , Tang Ping , Kuang Tao , Zhang Rui-Yuan , Chen Yu-Ting , Xia Yin-Yin , Han Ting-Li , Chang Chen , Qi Hong-Bo , Zhang Hua , Baker Philip N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Findings of socioeconomic status (SES) effects on adverse pregnancy outcomes varies depending on pregnancy complications, SES indicators, countries, regions, and races. Our aim was to compare three SES indicators (maternal educational level, participant and partner’s income and maternal occupation) and to investigate the relationship with adverse pregnancy outcomes in Chongqing, Southwest China. Methods: Between 2015 and 2017, we analyzed data from 1273 women in Chongqing, China, enrolled in the Complex Lipids in Mothers and Babies (CLIMB) trial in which mothers received complex lipid supplementation during pregnancy. Information on SES (maternal educational level, participant and partner’s income and maternal occupation) was collected during face-to-face interviews using standard questionnaires. Pregnancy outcomes considered were gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), premature rupture of membrane (PROM), cesarean section (C-section), preterm birth (PTB), macrosomia, low birth weight (LBW), large for gestational age (LGA), and small for gestational age (SGA). Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for pregnancy outcomes in relation to SES. Supplementation had no effect on pregnancy outcomes, so our analysis did not subdivide our participants on this basis. Results: Women who were managers or professionals were less likely to suffer from macrosomia and LGA. After adjustment for potential confounders, the ORs for macrosomia and LGA were 0.44 (95% CI: 0.21, 0.95) and 0.48 (95% CI: 0.26, 0.89), respectively. Other pregnancy outcomes were not affected by maternal occupation. Moreover, no significant relationships were observed between the other two SES indicators (participant and partner’s income and maternal education) and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusions: Our findings suggested that maternal occupation was a more reliable predictor of pregnancy outcomes than maternal education and participant and partner’s income.
Association between Dietary Selenium Intake and the Prevalence of Osteoporosis: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Wang Yuqing , Xie Dongxing , Li Jiatian , Long Huizhong , Wu Jing , Wu Ziying , He Hongyi , Wang Haochen , Yang Tuo , Wang Yilun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objective
To examine the correlation between dietary selenium (Se) intake and the prevalence of osteoporosis (OP) in the general middle-aged and older population in China.
Methods
Data for analyses were collected from a population based cross-sectional study performed at the Xiangya Hospital Health Management Centre. Dietary Se intake was evaluated using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. OP was diagnosed on the basis of bone mineral density scans using a compact radiographic absorptiometry system. The correlation between dietary Se intake and the prevalence of OP was primarily examined by multivariable logistic regression.
Results
This cross-sectional study included a total of 6267 subjects (mean age: 52.2 ± 7.4 years; 42% women), and the prevalence of OP among the included subjects was 9.6% (2.3% in men and 19.7% in women). Compared with the lowest quartile, the energy intake, age, gender and body mass index (BMI)-adjusted odds ratios of OP were 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55-0.94), 0.72 (95% CI 0.51-1.01) and 0.47 (95% CI 0.31-0.73) for the second, third and fourth quartiles of dietary Se intake, respectively (P for trend = 0.001). The results remained consistent in male and female subjects. Adjustment for additional potential confounders (i.e., smoking status, drinking status, physical activity level, nutritional supplements, diabetes, hypertension, fibre intake, and calcium intake) did not cause substantial changes to the results.
Conclusions
In the middle-aged and older humans, participants with lower levels of dietary Se intake have a higher prevalence of OP in a dose-response manner.
Adipose mesenchymal stem cell transplantation alleviates spinal cord injury-induced neuroinflammation partly by suppressing the Jagged1/Notch pathway
Authors: Zhilai Zhou , Xiaobo Tian , Biling Mo , Huali Xu , Shun Yao , Zixiang Huang , Lishan Huang , Huan Xie , Liwei Xu , Hui Zhang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background The therapeutic effects of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC) transplantation have been demonstrated in several models of central nervous system (CNS) injury and are thought to involve the modulation of the inflammatory response. However, the exact underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Activation of the Jagged1/Notch signaling pathway is thought to involve inflammatory and gliotic events in the CNS. Here, we elucidated the effect of ADSC transplantation on the inflammatory reaction after spinal cord injury (SCI) and the potential mechanism mediated by Jagged1/Notch signaling pathway suppression.Methods Using a mouse model of compression SCI, ADSCs and Jagged1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were injected into the spinal cord. Locomotor function, spinal cord tissue morphology and the levels of various proteins and transcripts were compared between groups.Results ADSC treatment resulted in significant downregulation of proinflammatory mediator expression and reduced ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1) and ED1 staining in the injured spinal cord, promoting the survival of neurons. These changes were accompanied by improved functional recovery. The augmentation of the Jagged1/Notch signaling pathway after SCI was suppressed by ADSC transplantation. The inhibition of the Jagged1/Notch signaling pathway by Jagged1 siRNA resulted in a decrease in SCI-induced proinflammatory cytokines as well as the activation of microglia. Furthermore, Jagged1 knockdown suppressed the phosphorylation of JAK/STAT3 following SCI.Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated that the therapeutic effects of ADSCs in SCI mice were partly due to Jagged1/notch signaling pathway inhibition and a subsequent reduction in JAK/STAT3 phosphorylation.
Recognition of stroke among community residents and the improvement after intensive health education: A cross-sectional study.
Authors: Zhong Xuemin , Xu Ronghua 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate stroke recognition in a community population (including high risk groups of stroke) in Jinjiang District of Chengdu and to strengthen the publicity of the impact of stroke-related knowledge on the cognitive level of community residents with stroke. Methods: By conducting an epidemiological survey, 9 communities in Jinjiang District were sampled, and a questionnaire on stroke related knowledge was designed to investigate the community residents in Jinjiang District of Chengdu City. We carried out stroke health education activities with the theme of "understanding stroke", and evaluated the impact.Results: There were 1685 valid questionnaires, and the awareness level of stroke risk among community residents in Jinjiang District of Chengdu was 11.4%. The proportion of people who recognized that there was a risk of stroke increased with the increase in the number of risk factors (P < 0.001). Participants with three or more risk factors were aware that the risk of stroke was only 40.3%. The recognition rate of stroke warning symptoms among community residents was 29.8–59.5%. Among them, the recognition rate of common stroke symptoms such as limb weakness, language disorder and imbalance was more than 50%, and the cognitive proportion of rare symptoms including monocular or binocular blurred vision and severe headache with no known cause was only about 1%. When faced with five sudden stroke warning symptoms, the proportion of participants who chose to dial 120 was about 41.5%. Nearly 10% of the respondents chose to consult a doctor, take medicine or wait. After strengthening publicity and education, there was a significant improvement in the identification of stroke risk factors, stroke warning symptoms, and stroke management. The number of respondents who chose to dial 120 increased from 59.2% to 82.7%. Conclusion: The cognitive level of stroke among community residents in Jinjiang District of Chengdu is low. Strengthening publicity and education on stroke-related knowledge and post-stroke treatment can significantly improve patients’ cognition of stroke-related knowledge and enhance community residents' awareness of giving priority to dialing 120 after the onset of stroke symptoms.
Acute kidney injury in Plasmodium vivax malaria hospitalized patients in Manaus, Brazilian Amazon: are we underestimating the real burden?
Authors: Santos Thalie , Brito-Sousa Jose Diego , Val Fernando , Sachett Jacqueline , Mo Miguel MD , Cubas-Vega Nadia , López-Tejo Paola , Safe Izabella , Bessa Rebeca , Alecrim Maria Graças , Israel Karla , Martinez-Espinosa Flor , Bôtto-Menezes Camila , Melo Gisely , Bassat Quique , Lacerda Marcus , Monteiro Wuelton 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of Plasmodium falciparum malaria and can also occur secondary to P. malariae infections. Its association with P. vivax malaria is not well estimated neither understood.Methods Retrospective assessment of medical records was conducted among P. vivax malaria hospitalized patients in a reference hospital of Manaus, Brazilian Amazon, from 2009 to 2017. AKI was classified according to Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria and through the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for severe malaria. Patients diagnosed with primaquine-induced hemolysis due to confirmed glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) and chronic renal failure were excluded. Prevalence of AKI and factors associated to this complication were assessed.Results Out of 28,095 P. vivax malaria diagnoses during the study period in the reference center, 638 cases (2.3%) required hospitalization; with 433 (67.8%) of those patients having at least one creatinine measure. Twenty-two patients (5.1%) were diagnosed with AKI as per WHO criteria; 241 patients presented more than two creatinine measures, of which 117 (49.2%) patients had AKI per AKIN criteria. These were stratified in stage I (n=88; 75.2%), stage II (n=6; 5.1%), and stage III (n=23; 19.6%). Major risk factor for AKI was older age. Renal replacement therapy (dialysis) was necessary in 6 cases (1.4%).Conclusions AKI secondary to vivax malaria was not unfrequent amongst hospitalized patients and may be a potentially severe complication. WHO diagnostic criteria for malaria AKI was shown to underestimate the real burden of AKI. Renal impairment should be closely monitored especially in older patients.
Gibberellin mediates spermidine-induced salt tolerance and the expression of GT-3b in cucumber
Authors: Gong Xiaowen , Wang Yu , Liu Weikang , Kong Lei , Si Xinyu , Guo Shirong , Sun Jin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Transcription factor GT-3b binds to the GT-1 element in the promoter of S -adenosylmethionine synthase ( SAMs ) gene, the key gene of spermidine (Spd) biosynthesis, to regulate its expression, thereby increasing the salt tolerance of cucumber plants. Furthermore, exogenous Spd increases the transcript level and protein abundance of SAMs, which promotes the accumulation of endogenous polyamine. However, whether Spd regulation of SAMs depending on GT-3b is largely unknown. Here, we investigated the potential mechanism of Spd in regulating of GT-3b in cucumber seedlings under salt stress.Results Exogenous Spd significantly increased the tolerance to salt stress in cucumber, while its effects were compromised when application of methylglyoxal bis-guanylhydrazone (MGBG), an inhibitor of Spd biosynthesis. GT-3b was significantly induced by Spd under salt stress. The promoter sequence of GT-3b was predicted that there contained cis-acting regulatory elements response to phytohormones, such as gibberellin (GA), salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Foliar spray of GA 3 , SA and MeJA could induce the expression of GT-3b . Interestingly, exogenous Spd dramatically induced the expression of genes related to GA biosynthesis, increased the activity of gibberellin oxidase, and promoted the accumulation of GA 3 , but decreased in MGBG-treated plants. Furthermore, application of GA 3 increased the expression of GT-3b and salt tolerance, while blocked when treatment with paclobutrazol (PAZ), the GA biosynthesis inhibitor. In addition, Spd-induced salt tolerance was compromised in PAZ-treated plants.Conclusions Our results suggested that GA mediated Spd-induced salt tolerance and the expression of GT-3b in cucumber. These results provide new perspective for our understanding the molecular mechanism of Spd in regulation of salt tolerance in plants.
Transcriptome and metabolome reveal redirection of flavonoids in a white testa peanut mutant
Authors: Wan Liyun , Lei Yong , Yan Liying , Liu Yue , Pandey Manish Kumar , Wan Xia , Varshney Rajeev Kumar , Fang Jiahai , Liao Boshou 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Coat color determines both appearance and nutrient quality of peanut. White seed coat in peanut can enhance the processing efficiency and quality of peanut oil.An integrative analysis of transcriptomes, metabolomes and histocytology was performed on a white seed coat peanut mutant (wsc) and its wild type to investigate the regulatory mechanisms underlying color pigmentation. Result：Metabolomes revealed flavonoids were redirected in wsc, while multi-omics analyses of wsc mutant seeds and testae uncovered WSC influenced the flavonoids biosynthesis in testa as well as suberin formation, glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and amino acid metabolism. The mutation also enhanced brassinosteroid (BR), gibberellin (GA), and jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis as well as abscisic acid (ABA), auxin (AUX), BR and JA signaling. Further, co-expression analysis showed that flavonol synthase (FLS) genes co-expressed with MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) complex member genes. Combining tissue expression patterns, genetic analyses, and the annotation of common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for these three stages revealed that three testa specific expressed candidate genes, Araip.M7RY3, Aradu.R8PMF and Araip.MHR6K were likely responsible for the white testa phenotype. WSC might be regulated expression competition between FLS and dihydroﬂavonol 4-reductase (DRF) by controlling hormone synthesis and signaling as well as the MBW complex. Conclusions: The results of this study therefore provide both candidate genes and novel approaches that can be applied to improve peanut with desirable seed coat color and flavonoid quality.
Identification and Functional Analysis of Serum Specific MiRNAs in Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Somatitis of Excess-heat or Yin-deficiency Syndrome
Authors: Bao Jie , Zhu Zhengyang , Zhang Xizhao , Huang Lin , Xu Li , Dou Xiaobing , Fan Yongsheng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background. MiRNAs has become an important regulator in many processes. The purpose of our study is to screen the key serum miRNAs of different syndrome of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), to find new biomarkers for the diagnosis of RAS and to further explore their role in the pathogenesis of RAS.Method. Serum samples were collected from patients meeting the RAS diagnostic criteria of excess-heat or yin-deficiency syndrome and healthy individuals. Core miRNAs were then identified under miRNA microarray analyses. Target prediction and bioinformatic analyses were carried out and gene-pathway-networks were visualized to better understand the relationship between different genes and pathways.Result. (1) 90 individuals meeting the inclusion criteria were collected in this study, of which 30 were normal control, 30 were patients of excess-heat syndrome and the rest were patients of yin-deficiency syndrome. Among them, 9 miRNAs were screened out in excess-heat syndrome group, with 1 upregulated and 8 downregulated. And four random miRNAs (hsa-miR-20b-5p, hsa-miR-122-5p, hsa-miR-483-5p and hsa-miR-3197) were validated by real-time PCR method. 14 miRNAs were screened out in yin-deficiency syndrome group (7 upregulated and 7 downregulated). And hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-106-5p and hsa-miR-20b-5p were validated. (2) A total of 4776 target genes were identified for the validated 9 miRNAs in excess-heat syndrome group. These targets were enriched in GO categories including nervous system development, homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules, and calcium ion binding and KEGG pathway such as proteoglycans in cancer, P13K-AKT signaling pathway and Calcium signaling pathway. 10172 target genes were identified for the validated 14 miRNAs in yin-deficiency syndrome group. The enriched GO categories included protein binding, positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter and membrane and enriched KEGG pathway included pathways in cancer, MAPK signaling pathway and Ras signaling pathway .Conclusion. Hsa-miR-20b-5p in patients with RAS could act as the novel biomarker for clinical diagnosis of the disease. It is upregulated in RAS patients of excess-heat syndrome while downregulated in patients of yin-deficiency syndrome. The PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway and related target genes may provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of excess-heat syndrome and yin-deficiency syndrome RAS, respectively.
miR-493 by regulating of c-Jun targets Wnt5a/PD-L1-inducing esophageal cancer cell development
Authors: Bian Wei , Li Yishuai , Zhu Haiyong , Gao Shaolin , Niu Ren , Wang Chuan , Zhang Hao , QinΔ Xuebo , LiΔ Shujun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background miRNA dysregulation has been implicated in cancer development.Methods In the present study, we use cell culture and transfection, the tissue specimens, RNA isolation and RT-PCR, Western blot and so on to explore the role of miR-493 in esophageal cancer.Results Overexpression of miR-493 attenuates esophageal cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, miR-493 downregulation is an unfavorable factor in EC and negatively correlated with Wnt5A. The existence of miR-493 is also an important attribute of metabolism. Based on mechanism analyses, we show that miR-493 inhibits the activity of c-JUN and p-PI3K/p-AKT with enhanced p21 and directly regulates Wnt5A expression and function, while, c-JUN binds the promoter region of miR-493 and suppressed the expression of miR-493, forming a negative feedback loop. Moreover, miR-493 regulates the expression of PD-L1 by c-JUN and then the sensitivity of EC cells to DDP.Conclusions the results elucidate a molecular feedback loop that involves miR-493, Wnt5A, c-JUN and PD-L1 in EC. In future, these mechanistic findings provide a useful therapeutic option for the treatment of EC.
Comparison of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living assessment by in-person or phone interviews: A randomized, crossover trial
Authors: Dauphinot Virginie , Boublay Nawèle , Moutet Claire , Achi Sarah , Bathsavanis Anthony , Krolak-Salmon Pierre 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background The functional autonomy assessment is essential to manage patients with a neurodegenerative disease, but is therefore not always possible during consultation. To optimize ambulatory autonomy assessment, the Lawton IADL questionnaire assessment between phone and in-person interviews was compared.Methods A randomized, crossover trial was carried-out in patients in memory clinic. The IADL questionnaire was collected for patients during phone and in-person interviews between nurses and patients’caregivers. The agreement between the two methods was measured with the proportion of participants giving the same response, the Cohen’s kappa, the intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficient and Bland and Altman’s method. The associations between patients’characteristics, events occurring between the two measures and agreement were assessed.Results Among the 292 patients with two IADL measures, the agreement rate between the two modes ranged from 75% to 92% depending the IADL items, and from 84% to 97% depending of the level of autonomy. Kappa score was 0.3 for total score and ranged from 0.5 to 0.8 for the analysis by item or level of IADL. ICC score was 0.91 for total IADL score. Overall, 96.9% of measures lied within the 95% limits of agreement. The occurrence of fall was less likely associated with the probability to lie within the 95% limits of agreement (OR=0.07 [0.02-0.27], p<0.0001).Conclusions The administration of IADL by phone with the caregiver appears as an acceptable way of assessment for patients followed by MC compared to in-person interview. The events which could occur in a time close to the evaluation should be reported.