bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of mean platelet volume in hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis during pregnancy
Authors: Zeng Longhuan , Cai Xueying , Chen Jiayi , Jin Guangyong , Zheng Yongke 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis during pregnancy (HTG-APP) is a rare but severe disease with high maternal-fetal mortality risk, which constitutes a systemic inflammatory process accompanied by thrombosis and bleeding disorders. However, the role of mean platelet volume (MPV) in HTG-APP remains unclear.

Methods
In the retrospective study, we collected 45 patients with HTG-APP as the HTG-APP group and 49 pregnant females with hypertriglyceridemia as the control group. MPV and other relevant variables at onset and remission were collected and compared.

Results
MPV were significantly higher in the HTG-APP group than in the control group (P < 0.001), and lower in remission than on onset (P = 0.002). According to the severity of acute pancreatitis, all subjects were classified into mild AP (MAP), moderately severe AP (MSAP), and severe AP (SAP) groups. There was a significant difference in MPV on onset among the three groups (P = 0.048), and the SAP patients had the highest levels of MPV. In addition, only in the SAP group, MPV was lower in remission than on onset (P = 0.010). Logistic regression analyses revealed that MPV was significantly associated with SAP (odds ratio = 2.077, 95% confdence interval, 1.038–4.154; P = 0.039).

Conclusions
These results may indicate an important role of mean platelet volume in evaluating the severity of HTG-APP.
Long-term effects of Youth Mental Health First Aid training: randomized controlled trial with 3-year follow-up
Authors: Morgan Amy J. , Fischer Julie-Anne A. , Hart Laura M. , Kelly Claire M. , Kitchener Betty A. , Reavley Nicola J. , Yap Marie B. H. , Jorm Anthony F. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training teaches community members how to provide initial support to someone with a mental health problem. Key gaps in the evidence base supporting the training are the longevity of effects beyond 6 months, effects on mental health first aid behavior, and the impact of support on the recipient of aid. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the Youth MHFA course 3 years after training.

Methods
384 Australian parents of an adolescent aged 12–15 were randomized to receive either the 14-h Youth MHFA course or the 15-h Australian Red Cross Provide First Aid course. This paper reports outcomes at baseline and 3 years later. Primary outcomes were cases of adolescent mental health problems, and parental support towards their adolescent if they developed a mental health problem, rated by the parent and adolescent. Secondary outcomes included parent knowledge about youth mental health problems, intentions and confidence in supporting a young person, stigmatizing attitudes, and help-seeking for mental health problems. Data were analyzed with mixed-effects models with group by measurement occasion interactions.

Results
3-year follow-up data was obtained from 149 parents and 118 adolescents, who were aged 16.5 years on average. Between baseline and 3-year follow-up, there was a non-significant reduction in adolescent cases of mental health problems relative to the control group (odds ratios (OR) 0.16–0.17), a non-significant improvement in parental support reported by adolescents with a mental health problem (OR 2.80–4.31), and a non-significant improvement in the quality of support that parents reported providing to their adolescents with a mental health problem (d = 0.38). Secondary outcomes that showed significant improvements relative to the control group were parental knowledge about youth mental health problems (d = 0.31) and adolescent perceptions of general social support from their parents (d = 0.35).

Conclusions
This paper reports on the longest follow-up of Mental Health First Aid training in a controlled trial. Three years after training, participants had maintained their improved knowledge about mental health problems. There were some indications of other positive effects, but the study was underpowered to clearly show benefits to mental health first aid skills and recipients of aid.

Trial registration
ACTRN12612000390886, registered retrospectively 5/4/2012, https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=347502
Developing and implementing guidelines on culturally adapting the Addenbrooke’s cognitive examination version III (ACE-III): a qualitative illustration
Authors: Waheed Waquas , Mirza Nadine , Waheed Muhammed Wali , Malik Abid , Panagioti Maria 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Cognitive tests currently used in healthcare and research settings do not account for bias in performance that arises due to cultural context. At present there are no universally accepted steps or minimum criteria for culturally adapting cognitive tests. We propose a methodology for developing specific guidelines to culturally adapt a specific cognitive test and used this to develop guidelines for the ACE-III. We then demonstrated their implementation by using them to produce an ACE-III Urdu for a British South Asian population.

Methods
This was a several stage qualitative study. We combined information from our systematic review on the translation and cultural adaptation of the ACE-III with feedback from previous ACE-III adaptors. This identified steps for cultural adaptation. We formatted these into question-by-question guidelines. These guidelines, along with feedback from focus groups with potential users were used to develop ACE-III Urdu questions. Clinical experts reviewed these questions to finalise an ACE-III Urdu.

Results
Our systematic review found 32 adaptations and we received feedback from seven adaptors to develop the guidelines. With these guidelines and two focus groups with 12 participants a sample ACE-III Urdu was developed. A consensus meeting of two psychiatrists with a South Asian background and familiarity with cognitive tests and cultural adaptation finalised the ACE-III Urdu.

Conclusions
We developed a set of guidelines for culturally adapting the ACE-III that can be used by future adaptors for their own language or cultural context. We demonstrated how guidelines on cultural adaptation can be developed for any cognitive test and how they can be used to adapt it.
Correlation of lower 2 h C-peptide and elevated evening cortisol with high levels of depression in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sang Yu Ming , Wang Li Jun , Mao Hong Xian , Lou Xue Yong , Zhu Yi Jun , Zhu Yue Hua 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
A number of studies have explored the association between depression and ghrelin, leptin, and cortisol; further, postprandial C-peptide levels have a therapeutic effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the relationship between C-peptide and depression in patients with diabetes, remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the association between depression and ghrelin, leptin, cortisol, and C-peptide in patients with diabetes.

Methods
We enrolled 50 adults without T2DM, 77 non-depressed adults with T2DM (free of Axis-I psychiatric disorders as assessed using the Mental Illness Needs Index (MINI), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9 score ≤ 4)) and 59 patients with T2DM and depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 7 and positive by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5). The age range of the participants was 45–59 years of age. We compared the above three groups and explored the association between ghrelin, leptin, cortisol, C-peptide, and depression in patients with diabetes. A post-hoc power-analysis was finished.

Results
Compared with the non-depression T2DM group, the depression T2DM group had significantly higher blood glucose fluctuations. Further, compared with the non-depression T2DM and non-diabetic groups, the depression T2DM group had significantly lower levels of post-meal 2-h C-peptide and elevated evening cortisol (p < 0.01). Regression analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between depression severity and 2-h postprandial C-peptide in patients with diabetes (p < 0.01) and a significant positive correlation with midnight cortisol levels (p < 0.01). A post hoc power analysis showed that we had an adequate sample size and met the minimum requirement to attain 80% power. A post hoc power calculation also demonstrated that this study basically achieved power of 80% at 5% alpha level.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate a correlation of low fasting levels of 2-h C-peptide as well as higher midnight cortisol levels with higher depression severity in middle-aged patients with T2DM.
Is Japan’s child allowance effective for the well-being of children? A statistical evaluation using data from K-CHILD study
Authors: Koyama Yuna , Fujiwara Takeo , Isumi Aya , Doi Satomi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Child allowance payment is one form of social security policy that aims to mitigate the child poverty gap by providing financial support to families. This study aimed to explore the impact of the child allowance on children’s physical and mental health (BMI, problem behavior, depression, and self-rated health), and parental investment in child health (children’s material goods, family events, extracurricular activities, interaction with children, and involvement in child maltreatment).

Methods
We used cross-sectional data from the 2016 Kochi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (K-CHILD) study. Participants were 1st, 5th and 8th grade children living in Kochi prefecture in Japan (N = 8207). Caregivers reported children’s child allowance status, BMI and behavior problems, while children filled out a self-assessment on depression and health condition. Propensity score matching analysis regarding potential confounders was used.

Results
We found that children in families that received child allowance showed a smaller total difficulties score by 1.29 points (95% CI: − 2.32 to − 0.25) and a lower risk of overweight (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.91) although there is no association with underweight, prosocial behavior, depressive symptoms and self-rated health. Parental investment did not differ by child allowance status (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
Child allowance was found to be potentially beneficial in decreasing behavior problems and reducing child overweight. Further longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate how child allowance is used by family members and associated with children’s well-being.
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Urban-rural distinction of potential determinants for prediabetes in Indonesian population aged ≥15 years: a cross-sectional analysis of Indonesian Basic Health Research 2018 among normoglycemic and prediabetic individuals
Authors: Dany Frans , Dewi Rita Marleta , Tjandrarini Dwi Hapsari , Pradono Julianty , Delima Delima , Sariadji Kambang , Handayani Sarwo , Kusumawardani Nunik 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Based on Basic Health Research (RISKESDAS) conducted by Ministry of Health, Indonesia, prediabetes prevalence tends to increase from 2007 until 2018. The numbers are relatively higher in rural than those in urban area despite of small discrepancies between the two (~ 2–4%). The purpose of this study was to identify urban-rural differences in potential determinants for prediabetes in Indonesia.

Methods
This analysis used secondary data collected from nationwide Health Survey in 2018. Respondents were aged ≥15 years who met inclusion criteria of analysis with no history of diabetes mellitus. Prediabetes criteria followed American Diabetes Association 2019. Multiple logistic regression was also employed to assess the transition probability of potential determinants for prediabetes in urban and rural Indonesia.

Results
Up to 44.8% of rural respondents were prediabetics versus their urban counterparts at 34.9%, yet non-response bias was observed in the two. Young adults aged 30 years were already at risk of prediabetes. Urban-rural distinction for marital status and triglyceride level was observed while other determinants tended to overlap across residence. Several modifiable factors might contribute differently in both population with careful interpretation.

Conclusions
The minimum age limit for early prediabetes screening may start from 30 years old in Indonesia. Urban-rural distinction for marital status and triglyceride level was observed, yet non-response bias between the two groups could not be excluded. A proper model for early prediabetes screening need to be developed from a cohort study with adequate sample size.
Sex-specific prevalence of coronary heart disease among Tehranian adult population across different glycemic status: Tehran lipid and glucose study, 2008–2011
Authors: Moazzeni Seyyed Saeed , Ghafelehbashi Hamidreza , Hasheminia Mitra , Parizadeh Donna , Ghanbarian Arash , Azizi Fereidoun , Hadaegh Farzad 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of death. Alarmingly Iranian populations had a high rank of CHD worldwide. The current study aimed to assess the prevalence of CHD across different glycemic categories.

Methods
This study was conducted on 7718 Tehranian participants (Men = 3427) aged ≥30 years from 2008 to 2011. They were categorized based on glycemic status. The prevalence of CHD was calculated in each group separately. CHD was defined as hospital records adjudicated by an outcome committee. The association of different glycemic categories with CHD was calculated using multivariate logistic regression, compared with normal fasting glucose /normal glucose tolerance (NFG/NGT) group as reference.

Results
The age-standardized prevalence of isolated impaired fasting glucose (iIFG), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (iIGT), both impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance (IFG/IGT), newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (NDM), and known diabetes mellitus (KDM) were 14.30% [95% confidence interval (CI): 13.50–15.09], 4.81% [4.32–5.29], 5.19% [4.71–5.67], 5.79% [5.29–6.28] and 7.72% [7.17–8.27], respectively.
Among a total of 750 individuals diagnosed as cases of CHD (398 in men), 117 (15.6%), 453 (60.4%), and 317 (42.3%) individuals had a history of myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac procedure, and unstable angina, respectively. The age-standardized prevalence of CHD for the Tehranian population was 7.71% [7.18–8.24] in the total population, 8.62 [7.81–9.44] in men and 7.19 [6.46–7.93] in women. Moreover, among diabetic participants, the age-standardized prevalence of CHD was 13.10 [9.83–16.38] in men and 10.67 [8.90–12.44] in women, significantly higher than corresponding values for NFG/NGT and prediabetic groups.
Across six levels of glycemic status, CHD was associated with IFG/IGT [odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI: 1.38 (1.01–1.89)], NDM [1.83 (1.40–2.41)], and KDM [2.83 (2.26–3.55)] groups, in the age- and sex-adjusted model. Furthermore, in the full-adjusted model, only NDM and KDM status remained to be associated with the presence of CHD by ORs of 1.40 (1.06–1.86) for NDM and 1.91 (1.51–2.43) for KDM.

Conclusion
The high prevalence of CHD, especially among diabetic populations, necessitates the urgent implementation of behavioral interventions in the Tehranian population, according to evidence-based guidelines for the clinical management of diabetic patients.
Sociodemographics and their impacts on risk factor awareness and beliefs about cancer and screening: results from a cross-sectional study in Newfoundland and Labrador
Authors: Shi Fuyan , Shaver Lance Garrett , Kong Yujia , Yi Yanqing , Aubrey-Bassler Kris , Asghari Shabnam , Etchegary Holly , Adefemi Kazeem , Wang Peizhong Peter 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Our objective was to examine cancer risk factor awareness and beliefs about cancer treatment, outcomes, and screening, and how these are mediated by sociodemographic variables, among Newfoundland and Labrador residents.

Methods
Participants aged 35 to 74 were recruited through Facebook advertising, and a self-administered online questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics, Spearman rank correlations, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.

Results
Of the 1048 participants who responded and met the inclusion criteria for this study, 1019 were selected for this analysis. Risk factor recognition was generally good, though several risk factors had poor awareness: being over 70 years old (53.4% respondents aware), having a low-fiber diet (65.0%), and drinking more than 1 unit of alcohol per day (62.8%). Our results showed that the participants’ awareness of risk factors was significantly associated with higher income level (rs = 0.237, P <  0.001), higher education (rs = 0.231, P <  0.001), living in rural regions (rs = 0.163, P <  0.001), and having a regular healthcare provider (rs = 0.081, P = 0.010). Logistic regression showed that among NL residents in our sample, those with higher income, post-secondary education, those in very good or excellent health, and those with a history of cancer all had higher odds of having more positive beliefs about cancer treatment and outcomes. Those with a history of cancer, and those with very good or excellent health, also had higher odds of having more positive beliefs about cancer screening. Finally, compared to Caucasian/white participants, those who were non-Caucasian/white had lower odds of having more positive beliefs about cancer screening.

Conclusion
Among adults in NL, there was poor awareness that low-fiber diets, alcohol, and age are risk factors for cancer. Lower income and education, rural residence, and not having a health care provider were associated with lower risk factor awareness. We also found a few associations between sociodemographic factors and beliefs about cancer treatment and outcomes or screening. We stress that while addressing awareness is necessary, so too is improving social circumstances of disadvantaged groups who lack the resources necessary to adopt healthy behaviours.
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome-associated pneumothorax with rapid progression of respiratory failure: a case report
Authors: Kato Yukari , Kato Motoyasu , Ihara Hiroaki , Hayakawa Eri , Shibayama Kohei , Miura Keita , Yamada Tomoko , Mitsuishi Yoichiro , Shukuya Takehito , Ito Jun , Matsunaga Takeshi , Sato Tadashi , Suzuki Kenji , Takahashi Kazuhisa 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is an extremely rare disease with pulmonary fibrosis (PF), oculocutaneous albinism, induced platelet dysfunction, and granulomatous colitis. Although patients with HPS-associated PF (HPS-PF) often receive treatment with anti-fibrotic agents, including pirfenidone, many HPS-PF cases are progressive. The development of pneumothorax is known to be rare in HPS-PF. Pneumothorax development is generally important for prognosis in patients with interstitial pneumonia. However, there are few reports regarding the development of pneumothorax in patients with HPS-PF.

Case presentation
A 50-year-old Japanese man with chestnut hair, white skin, and light brown squint eyes visited our hospital for interstitial pneumonia examination. Chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) demonstrated diffuse bilateral reticular opacities along the bronchovascular bundles and traction bronchiectasis predominantly in the upper lung fields. He was definitively diagnosed with HPS because genetic analysis showed that he had a homozygous mutation, c.398 + 5G > A, in the HPS-1 gene. After diagnosis with HPS-PF, he initiated home oxygen therapy due to gradually progressive hypoxemia.
Three months after the HPS-PF diagnosis, the patient suddenly developed severe chest pain and dyspnea and was admitted to our hospital on emergency. He was diagnosed with pneumothorax by chest radiological findings. He immediately received chest drainage; however, his pneumothorax did not improve. Therefore, he underwent video-assisted surgery by thoracic surgeons. The leak point was not detected, but multiple bullae were found, mainly in the upper lung lobes. Thus, the surgeons did not perform bullectomy and only covered the apical areas. Fifteen days after the surgery, the patient developed high fever and dyspnea with a new diffuse reticular shadow found through HRCT. We first initiated the patient on broad-spectrum antibiotics; however, the symptoms and radiological findings worsened. Therefore, we started treatment with pirfenidone for inhibition of PF progression. The patient re-developed pneumothorax with severe respiratory failure. Although he re-underwent chest drainage, he died of progressive respiratory failure.

Conclusions
We herein report the case of a rare HPS patient who developed pneumothorax with progressive PF. Pneumothorax may cause rapid progressive respiratory failure and may be associated with PF progression in HPS-PF.
Movement behaviour patterns in patients with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis in the physical therapy setting: a cross-sectional study
Authors: de Hoop Anne Maria Sjoerdtje , Kloek Corelien Jacoba Johanna , Pisters Martijn Frits , Veenhof Cindy 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Osteoarthritis is one of the most common chronic joint diseases, mostly affecting the knee or hip through pain, joint stiffness and decreased physical functioning in daily life. Regular physical activity (PA) can help preserve and improve physical functioning and reduce pain in patients with osteoarthritis. Interventions aiming to improve movement behaviour can be optimized by tailoring them to a patients’ starting point; their current movement behaviour. Movement behaviour needs to be assessed in its full complexity, and therefore a multidimensional description is needed.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to identify subgroups based on movement behaviour patterns in patients with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis who are eligible for a PA intervention. Second, differences between subgroups regarding Body Mass Index, sex, age, physical functioning, comorbidities, fatigue and pain were determined between subgroups.

Methods
Baseline data of the clinical trial ‘e-Exercise Osteoarthritis’, collected in Dutch primary care physical therapy practices were analysed. Movement behaviour was assessed with ActiGraph GT3X and GT3X+ accelerometers. Groups with similar patterns were identified using a hierarchical cluster analysis, including six clustering variables indicating total time in and distribution of PA and sedentary behaviours. Differences in clinical characteristics between groups were assessed via Kruskall Wallis and Chi2 tests.

Results
Accelerometer data, including all daily activities during 3 to 5 subsequent days, of 182 patients (average age 63 years) with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis were analysed. Four patterns were identified: inactive & sedentary, prolonged sedentary, light active and active. Physical functioning was less impaired in the group with the active pattern compared to the inactive & sedentary pattern. The group with the prolonged sedentary pattern experienced lower levels of pain and fatigue and higher levels of physical functioning compared to the light active and compared to the inactive & sedentary.

Conclusions
Four subgroups with substantially different movement behaviour patterns and clinical characteristics can be identified in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip and/or knee. Knowledge about these subgroups can be used to personalize future movement behaviour interventions for this population.

Trial registration
Dutch clinical trial registration number of e-Exercise Osteoarthritis: NTR4224.