bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of changes in consumption patterns in the post-pandemic period in Hungary
Authors: Pólya Éva , Máté Zoltán , Oravecz Titanilla 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe study investigates the impact of negative economic changes on Hungarian consumption habits on a representative sample of 1,000 people during the post-COVID period, which we interpreted as the period after December 2021. The quantitative research shows that a significant part of the population was affected by the unexpected effects of the economic environment. The change in purchasing habits was driven by the search for promotions and value for money products. Regarding the place of purchase, the research showed that the share of online shoppers did not increase for the 12 product categories surveyed, while the role of discounters in offline purchases increased. The survey highlighted that a third of the population cannot afford to make large purchases, while at the same time avoiding loans. Two-thirds of the population's view of the future is quite pessimistic. In consumption attitudes, the first priority is the aforementioned “discounting”, while the second priority is saving money on packaging. Hungarians tend to save more on electricity and heating. Finally, the result of our cluster analysis is that we have been able to distinguish five consumer groups that are able to describe the main consumer attitudes in the post-Covid crisis period. The defined clusters are the following: Resistant, Bargain hunter, Conscious, Rationing and What you can afford is what you can get.
RESEARCH UPON THE LENGT OF HOPS NEOPLANTS FORMED IN CONDITIONS OF IN VITRO
Authors: Oros Simona , Muntean Leon Sorin , Duda Marcel Matei , Gâdea Ștefania 
Published: December 2024

Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) is a clonally propagated, dioecious, perennial, climbing plant usedÂ commercially for their secondary metabolites. The resins containingÂ Î±- andÂ Î²-acids, and essential oilsÂ produced by the lupulin glands, present on the female flowers are used to add bitterness, aroma and flavourÂ to beer. Recently, flavonoids, including chalcones and flavanones, of hops have been shown to exert a variety of biological activities, including oestrogenic and anticancerogenic characteristics. In this review, we provide a overview of the techniques and opportunities presented by the integration of plant biotechnologyÂ into hop improvement. The use of tissue culture techniques such as micropropagation, meristem culture, inÂ vitro storage, adventitious shoot induction, callus culture and cell suspension culture in hops are brieflyÂ reviewed. The usefullness of genetic transformation technology to introduce novel traits into hop is alsoÂ discussed.
ASPECTS REGARDING RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS AT AGRONOMIC SCHOOL IN CLUJ
Authors: Muntean Leon Sorin 
Published: December 2024

The paper present the foremost medicinal plant species (biological aspects, take in
culture, the content in actives principles, technological elements and the initiation in breeding
works) studied from year 1904 until nowadays at University of Agricultural Sciences and
Veterinary Medicine from Cluj-Napoca.
Medicinal and aromatically plants take in study are:
Solanum laciniatum Ait., Lindl., Colchicum autumnale L., Echinacea pallida Nutt., Echinacea purpurea
(L.)
Moench.,
Â
Â
Â
Valeriana officinalis L., Mellisa officinalis L., Calendula officinalis L.,
L.,
Aconitum napellus L., Angelica archangelica L., Hermiana glabra L., Cnicus benedictus
Â
Galega officinalis
Â
Â
th
Â
year
Â
from its establish).
L., Adonis aestivalis L., GenÅ£iana lutea L., Gentiana asclepiadea L.,
Centaurium
umbelatum
Â
L., Hypericum perforatum L., Oenothera biennis
L. etc.
Â
In this paper are presented the PhD. Studies regarding medicinal and aromatically plants
elaborated at USAMV Cluj-Napoca and also are presented the books which present the medicinal
and aromatically culture, elaborated by the teachers from USAMV Cluj-Napoca. Also is mentioned
the activity of the Hop and Medicinal Plants Crop Research Center from USAMV Cluj-Napoca,
which was founded in year 1993 and its publication â€œHop and Medicinal Plantsâ€ (in the 10
Â
L.,
Cynara scolymus
Papaver
bracteatum
Â
RESEARCH CONCERNING THE BIOTECHNOLOGY OF VIRUS-FREE HOP CUTTINGS
Authors: Varban Rodica , Varban Dan 
Published: December 2024

Biotechnology research on hop cuttings production have focused on smallÂ cuttings behavior in the nursery, trying to establish their optimal age at the time ofÂ planting in nursery, and also the most effective technologies and their plantingÂ densities. The following parameters were analyzed: mass, length and diameter of hopÂ cuttings.
DETERMINATION OF TOTAL CAROTENOID CONTENT IN SOME CALENDULA OFFICINALIS AND TAGETES PATULA VARIETIES
Authors: Toiu Anca , Benedec Daniela , Duda Marcel , Hanganu Daniela , Oniga Ilioara 
Published: December 2024

Carotenoids are C-40 terpenoid compounds found in coloured vegetablesÂ and fruits, with potential health beneficial properties. Calendula officinalis and TagetesÂ patula are important sources of carotenoids with application in food and healthcareÂ industry. In this study we analysed the total carotenoid content in dried and freshÂ vegetal products from nine varieties of Calendula officinalis and seven varieties ofÂ Tagetes patula, by spectrophotometric methods. We observed high variations inÂ carotenoid concentrations in analysed Romanian varieties: Calendulae flos containsÂ 0.99-1.32 mg carotenoids/g dried flowers and Tagetes flos contains 0.52-3.72 mg /g.The variations can be due to differences in culture conditions and aspect of vegetalÂ products. The high concentrations of carotenoids found in some varieties allow theÂ selection of a good genetic material which is suitable for cultivation as natural sourcesÂ of carotenoids.
CHEMICAL RISK DUE TO HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS
Authors: Muntean Edward , Michalski Rajmund , Muntean Nicoleta , Duda Marcel 
Published: December 2024

The paper highlights some features related with the quality of medicinalÂ plants, the focus being directed towards the heavy metal content of someÂ commercially available products between 2013-2015: basil, chamomile, mulberry,Â plantain, dandelion, mint, St. John's wort, marigold, fennel and dill. Four heavyÂ metals were investigated (cadmium, lead, zinc and copper) using atomic absorptionÂ spectrophotometry, measurements being performed using a Shimadzu AA-6300Â double beam atomic absorption spectrophotometer with graphite furnace, afterÂ microwave-assisted digestion. The concentration ranges were as follows: for leadÂ from 0.07 Î¼g/kg (chamomile - in 2013) to 45.01 Î¼g/kg (dill - in 2013), forÂ cadmium from 0.88 Î¼g/kg (plantain - in 2013) to 25.63 Î¼g/kg, for zinc from 1.45Â mg/kg (fennel - in 2013) to 22.38 mg/kg (marigold - in 2015) and for copper fromÂ 2.34 mg/kg (dill - in 2013) to 13.49 mg/kg (marigold - in 2015). TheÂ contaminantsâ€™ contents of herbal teas are variable due to the factors like differencesÂ between the plants species, geographical area and exposure to different pollutionÂ sources or conditions during drying process.
THE DROUGHT RESISTANCE OF SALVIA SCLAREA L. AND LAVANDULA ANGUSTIFOLIA MILL.VARIETIES
Authors: GONCEARIUC Maria , BALMUŞ Zinaida , COTELEA Ludmila , MAŞCOVŢEVA Svetlana , BUTNARAŞ Violeta , BOTNARENCO Pantelimon 
Published: December 2024

The early-, mid- and late-ripening Salvia sclarea varieties are resistant to drought; they accumulate high amounts of essential oils, provide a production of 15.1-22.4 t/ha of inflorescences in two years of plantation exploitation and guarantee yields of 41.1-72.4 kg/ha of essential oil depending on the variety. The productivity mounts to 12.1-18.7 t/ha of raw material and 32.5-58.8 kg/ha of essential oil as early as in the second year of vegetation. The producing capacity of early-ripening varieties is higher than of those with medium and late vegetation period. The efficiency of Salvia sclarea varieties ranges between 2.8 and 3.6 kg/t. The essential oil content of Lavandula angustifolia varieties is higher (5.1036.164%) in dry years than in those with normal atmospheric depositions. The productivity of the lavender varieties is higher and makes 7-12 t/ha of inflorescences and 132-245 kg/ha of essential oil. The efficiency varies from 14.0 to 19.8 kg of essential oil per tonne of inflorescences.
The Nutraceutical Role of Wheat Grains
Authors: RACZ Ionuṭ , KADAR Rozalia , HIRIŞCĂU Diana , BERINDEAN Ioana , URDĂ Camelia , ONA Andreea 
Published: December 2024

Wheat is one of the most important food crops worldwide due to its wide use. Often, it is perceived only as a food instrument, but the biochemical properties of the wheat grain recommend it as a nutraceutical tool. Starting from the morphology and structure of the wheat grain, in addition to the major composition of the endosperm which is rich in protein and starch, the outer layers of the grain represent a rich variety of biochemical constituents that can have beneficial effects on health. The outer pericarp consists mainly of cellulose, arabinoxylan and lignin with carbohydrate and phenolic acid compositions, a high concentration of ferulic acid has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. On the other hands, at the test level there is a significant source of lignin that has both an antioxidant role and a protective role against the development of various diseases and viral infections. Aleurone layer, as the main wheat bran contains a wide variety of biochemical compounds and vitamins with a role in the biofortification of the human body. The wheat embryo contains a good level of tocopherols, phytosterols, policosanols, thiamin, riboflavin and other bioactive compounds with significant role in prevention of diseases such as colon and breast cancers, cardiovascular disease, obesity and gastrointestinal diseases.
Sleep Apnea in COPD, the Role of Oxygen Saturation Index (ODI 4%) and the Ratio of Diaphragmatic Ultrasound
Authors: Meridj Amine , Redouan Belala , Khaled Tlili , Yacine Djeghri 
Published: December 2024

When COPD and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome coexist in one individual, it’s known as overlap syndrome. In individuals with COPD, diaphragmatic function may help anticipate nocturnal oxygen desaturation. Ultrasound has been used extensively to assess the diaphragm. We aimed to investigate the effects of ultrasound-measured diaphragm excursion and contractile capacity on percutaneous oxygen saturation in COPD.
Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational study from 2021 to 2024. A total of Sixty-one consecutive patients with spirometry-confirmed stable COPD were included after obtaining informed written consent. Demographic and clinical data, spirometric values, BMI, average night-time saturation, the Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI) of 4% and Measurement of Diaphragm Thickness (TFdi) and Excursion (EXdi) were collected for analysis.
This is a prospective study conducted at Constantine Regional Military University Hospital.
Results: The average night-time saturation was 94,63 ± 2,16% (12 patients could not perform nocturnal oximetry), The average Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI) was 4% 2,01 ± 2,65.
There was a significant positive correlation between diaphragmatic mobility (EXdi) and the average night-time saturation (r = 0,395, p = 0,005). However
There was a significant negative correlation between diaphragmatic mobility and the average oxygen desaturation index (ODI 4 %) (r = -0,288, p = 0,045),
In our study on ‘objectified a significant negative correlation between 4% ODI and TFdi (r = - 0, 456 p = 0.001).
Conclusion: This study suggested a close relationship between the ultrasound parameters (TFdi, EXdi) assessed by ultrasonography in COPD on the one hand and the mean of night desaturation and (ODI) 4% on the other.
A benchmark comparison of AI-based modeling of soil infiltration rates
Authors: Mehta Vikas , Hasanvand Shokofeh , Sepahvand Alireza , Sihag Parveen , Beiranvand Nasrin , Singh Balraj 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT
Infiltration is crucial in the hydrological cycle, serving as the primary process that increases soil moisture. This study investigates soil infiltration rate (IR) prediction using various techniques, including GMDH, Gaussian Process, SVM, ANN, and MARS. 190 field observations were collected from Alashtar sub-watersheds in Lorestan, Iran. 70% of the observations were used for model preparation, while 30% were used for validation. The input variables for the study are Time, Sand, Clay, Silt, pH, Electrical Conductivity, Moisture Content, Soil Bulk Density, Porosity, Calcium Carbonate, Phosphorus, Organic Carbon, Organic Matter, Nitrogen, and Temperature, while IR is the output variable. Obtained results indicate that the ANN has a higher accuracy with coefficient of correlation values as 0.9366, 0.8624, mean absolute error values as 0.0607, 0.1000, Nash Sutcliffe model efficiency values as 0.8732, 0.7350, scattering index values as 0.3108, 0.5003, and Legates and McCabe's Index values as 0.6585, 0.5654 by using training and testing data sets, respectively. A sensitivity analysis highlighted that time is the parameter that most influences estimating the IR. The study underscores the precision of ANN in predicting soil infiltration rates and the need for AI-based models in hydrological models to improve accuracy and reliability in IR prediction.
Development of snakes and ladders media to enhance grade IV Javanese reading and writing skills
Authors: Chusnullita Fara Zaitun , Setiawan Deni 
Published: December 2024

Javanese language learning especially Javanese script material poses several challenges, so the utilization and implementation of concrete learning media is a promising solution to offer a more interactive learning experience and increase student success. The purpose of this project is to create, test the feasibility, and evaluate the efficacy of employing snake and ladder learning media. Javanese script material in elementary schools. The subjects of the study were 30 grade IV students of SDN 03 Jaten, Karanganyar, Central Java. Research and Development (R&D) uses the Borg and Gall model and collects data through observation, interviews, and tests. The feasibility results of material expert validation obtained a score of 94% which indicates the media is suitable for use and trial. Then the results of media expert validation showed a 93% gain with criteria worthy of trial according to the revision submitted. The result of students' responses to snakes and ladders media was 94.5%. Pretest and posttest values were analyzed to get the normal category, followed by a t-test with a sig (2-tailed) value of 0.000 < 0.05. The use of Snakes and Ladders learning media is stated to have a significant effect on Javanese script material in elementary schools. The N-Gain score shows a mean value of 0.5213 which is included in the medium category. Based on the research objectives and problem formulation, it can be concluded that the development of the Snakes and Ladders learning media has an effect on the learning outcomes of class IV students on Javanese script material in accordance with the results of research that researchers have conducted.
STATUS KONSERVASI BURUNG DI KAWASAN AIR TERJUN TINGKAT TUJUH KABUPATEN ACEH SELATAN
Authors: Ulfiyah Muna , Hanim Nafisah , Zuraidah Zuraidah , Eriawati Eriawati , Ahadi Rizky 
Published: December 2024

Conservation status of birds can be interpreted as the breeding status of birds or the status of species in protected natural areas. Birds play a crucial role in dispersing various types of plants, such as fruits and seeds. This study aims to identify data on bird species categorized under conservation status in the Seven-Tier Waterfall area of South Aceh Regency, to serve as a basis for conservation actions and bird protection efforts. The methods used in this research include Exploratory Surveys and Point Count. Conservation status refers to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation (PERMENLHK) P.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) is used to determine national trade status. The results of the study on the conservation status of birds in the Seven-Tier Waterfall area of South Aceh Regency are classified into 3 IUCN categories: LC (Least Concern) with 21 bird species, NT (Near Threatened) with 2 bird species, and VU (Vulnerable) with 2 bird species. Additionally, according to CITES, there are 3 bird species listed in Appendix II. According to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation (PERMENLHK) P.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018, there are 4 protected bird species in the Seven-Tier Waterfall area of South Aceh Regency.
Description of Regular m-Bipolar Fuzzy Graphs
Authors: RamaKishore K.  , Ramprasad C.H.  , Varma P.L.N  
Published: December 2024

The first and second basic sequences in an m-BPFG are defined in this work along with an example of an adjacency sequence of a node. A few instances are created to demonstrate that, even if an m-BPFG is regular, the crisp underlying graph may or may not be regular or have a uniform adjacency sequence for all of the nodes. Additionally, it is demonstrated that not all of the nodes need to have the same adjacency sequence if an m-PPFG and its crisp underlying graph are regular. The notion of adjacency sequences is used to create a necessary and sufficient requirement for an m-BPFG to be regular if it has no more than four nodes. Along with, there are several definitions of what it means for a regular m-BPFG's complement, line graph, and other properties to be regular.
Book Clubs as a Pedagogical Tool for Developing Critical Thinking: Evidence from an English Education Program in Indonesia
Authors: Rusiana Rusiana , Nuraeningsih Nuraeningsih , Sulistyowati Titis , Syafei Muh , Romadlon Farid Noor , Nurcahyo Agung Dwi , Agulan Loreen P. , Thongmark Natthanan , Anna Sibhekinkosi , Kurt-Taşpınar Havva , Milad Abdurahman Ahmed 
Published: December 2024

In higher education, critical thinking skills are essential for students to develop their ability to explore problems, questions, or situations, find a solution, and justify their positions. Such skills can be cultivated through sustained, authentic dialogue with peers or in groups. To provide a supportive environment for dialogue and interaction among students, a book club was utilized as an alternative and extension activity of Extensive Reading course within the English Education Study Program at a private university in Indonesia. The book club enables students to connect with others, expressing and exchanging ideas and thoughts, thereby sharpening their critical thinking skills. This mixed-method study investigated the students’ reading and critical thinking skills after participating in the book club, the effectiveness of book club in developing these skills, and the ways in which the book club fostered critical thinking skills. Twenty-three freshmen from one class participated in the study. The instruments used were a reading test, a survey of critical thinking skills, and students’ work. The reading test and critical thinking survey were administered sequentially after the treatment, while students’ work was qualitatively analyzed. The findings reveal that book club is effective in developing student’s critical thinking skills, particularly in terms of creating alternative t endings to a given story.
The Meaning of Kant’s Attitude Towards the Technical Instruments of Science in the Atmosphere of Enlightenment
Authors: BAZAC Ana 
Published: December 2024

I mention the main, technophile and technophobe, positions towards technology in the Western 18th century, as the criterion of this paper. Then I show that, however unexpected would this be, the concept of technics – opening the problem of technics – was explicitly present within the transcendental philosophy. From its multiple meanings outlined in the logic of this philosophy, I focus on the technical instruments of science. Kant considered them optimistically, but insisted that they are only means subordinated to the capability of reason that alone is able to give knowledge. And the vault key of knowledge is the moral law (the moral telos) given by the human reason. Thus, answering to Rousseau, Kant indicates that the progress of knowledge is ultimately determined by this moral, and not by the enrichment of cognisance as a result of technical instruments. If we consider them as a model for the treatment of the technical objects in the broad sense of this term, Kant introduced the criticism of the technophile reductionism, while creating the frame of the positivist science and the humanistic philosophy of the 19th century.
Environmental Education and Green Marketing as Mechanisms for Sustainable Awareness
Authors: Moraes Larissa Cristina Neto de , Oliveira Maira Danuse Santos de , Oliveira Keithy Juliane de , Bonomo Brunno , Campos Daniel Ferreira , João Belmiro do Nascimento , Araújo Nícolas Matheus da Fonseca Tinoco de Souza , Passos Christian Ricardo Silva , Nascimento Ana Verônica Silva do , Santos Adelcio Machado dos , Leite David Francisco Vieira , Lima Hyasnaia Luanna Barros de Oliveira Silva 
Published: December 2024

Objective: The objective of the research was to investigate the performance of environmental education and green marketing as mechanisms of sustainable awareness, seeking to understand their interrelation and impact on the promotion of responsible practices on the part of consumers.

Methodology: The research used a qualitative approach, characterized as exploratory and descriptive. The sample was composed of 25 marketing managers from companies that apply green marketing strategies. The data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using the technique of discourse analysis.

Results and Analysis: The results revealed that environmental education is key to empowering consumers to make informed and informed decisions. Green marketing, in turn, has proven to be an effective strategy for communicating sustainable actions, underlining the importance of transparency and authenticity in building consumer confidence. In addition, the analysis highlighted that the integration between environmental education and green marketing is crucial as it allows businesses and consumers to become allies in promoting a culture of sustainability. The research also indicated that the ongoing commitment of companies to sustainable practices is essential for the effectiveness of these initiatives.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the research showed that, for green marketing and environmental education to be effective, a continuous commitment of companies to adopt sustainable practices in a structured and strategic manner is necessary. The integration of these approaches promotes a sustainable awareness that benefits both organizations and society, reinforcing the importance of collaborative actions in search of a more balanced and responsible future in relation to the environment.