bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating depression care within NCD provision in Bangladesh and Pakistan: a qualitative study
Authors: Wright Jerome , Mazumdar Papiya , Barua Deepa , Lina Silwa , Bibi Humaira , Kanwal Ateeqa , Mujeeb Faiza , Naz Qirat , Safi Rahim , Haq Baha Ul , Rana Rusham Zahra , Nahar Papreen , Jennings Hannah , Sikander Siham , Huque Rumana , Nizami Asad , Jackson Cath 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Co-morbidity of depression with other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) worsens clinical outcomes for both conditions. Low- and middle-income countries need to strengthen mechanisms for detection and management of co-morbid depression within NCDs. The Behavioural Activation for Comorbid Depression in Non-communicable Disease (BEACON) study explored the acceptability and feasibility of integrating a brief depression intervention (behavioural activation, BA) into NCD services in healthcare facilities in Bangladesh and Pakistan. Methods: Face-to-face qualitative interviews were conducted with 43 patients and 18 health workers attending or working in NCD centres in four healthcare facilities in Bangladesh and Pakistan, and with three policy makers in each country. The interviews addressed four research questions (1) how NCD care is delivered, (2) how NCD patients experience distress, (3) how depression care is integrated within NCD provision, and (4) the challenges and opportunities for integrating a brief depression intervention into usual NCD care. The data were analysed using framework analysis, organised by capability, opportunity and motivation factors, cross-synthesised across countries and participant groups. Results: Patients and health workers described NCD centres as crowded and time pressured, with waiting times as long as five hours, and consultation times as short as five minutes; resulting in some patient frustration. They did not perceive direct links between their distress and their NCD conditions, instead describing worries about family and finance including affordability of NCD services. Health worker and policy maker accounts suggested these NCD centres lacked preparedness for treating depression in the absence of specific guidelines, standard screening tools, recording systems or training. Barriers and drivers to integrating a brief depression intervention reflected capability, opportunity and motivation factors for all participant groups. While generally valuing the purpose, significant challenges included the busy hospital environment, skill deficits and different conceptions of depression. Conclusions: Given current resource constraints and priorities, integrating a brief psychological intervention at these NCD centres appears premature. An opportune first step calls for responding to patients’ expressed concerns on service gaps in provisioning steady and affordable NCD care. Acknowledging differences of conceptions of depression and strengthening psychologically informed NCD care will in turn be required before the introduction of a specific psychological intervention such as BA.
The Effect of Multimedia Message Reminders on Oral Hygiene Promotion during Removable Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Baherimoghadam Tahereh , Naseri Navid , Mokhtar Maliheh , Hamedani Shahram 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Orthodontic appliances complicate daily oral hygiene maintenance and enhance the formation of microbial biofilm on tooth surfaces and orthodontic appliances. Any tool that enhances the oral hygiene of patients during orthodontic treatment would be of imperative beneficial. This trial was conducted to assess the effect of message reminders on oral hygiene of patients during removable orthodontic treatment.Methods In this 2-arm parallel randomized controlled trial, participants were randomly allocated to two groups; one receiving messages reminder and one as the control group. The patients in the messaging group received one or two message reminders and educational videos weekly during the course of treatment. The patients with removable maxillary appliance who were in the age range of 8 to 12 years old and had daily access to Internet to receive message reminders were recruited in this study. A single blinded examiner measured the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and dental caries index of patients in both groups at baseline (T0) and one (T1), three (T2) and six (T3) months after the first day of treatment to assess their oral hygiene status during the course of treatment in both groups.Results A total of 50 patients were enrolled and randomized to two even groups (n = 25) but only 46 patients completed the study; 22 in control group, and 24 in message reminder group. The PI and GI scores were increased neither in control group nor in message reminder group during T0 and T1, significantly. The PI and GI scores in message reminder group were significantly lower than those in the control group at T2 (PI: P = 0.003, GI: P = 0.001) and T3 (PI: P = 0.044, GI: P = 0.012). However, slight significant increasing in the PI and GI score were found during T2 and T3 during in message reminder group. Caries index showed no significant difference between two group during study.Conclusion It seems that message reminders can efficiently promote oral hygiene of patients undergoing removable orthodontic treatment. Although, this promotion wasn’t progressive.Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT), IRCT20180923041092N2. Registered 25 July 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://www.irct.ir/user/trial/47612.
Bioequivalence of levamlodipine besylate tablets in healthy Chinese subjects: A single-dose and two-period crossover randomized study
Authors: Xin Li , Wang Chenjing , Li Ting , Liu Yanping , Liu Shuqin , Tao Ye , Ma Yaping , Gao Xiaomeng , Cao Yu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Levamlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, is used in treatment of hypertension. To compare the pharmacokinetic parameters between levamlodipine test formulation at a single dose of 5 mg and amlodipine reference formulation at a single dose of 10 mg, the bioequivalence study was carried out.Methods: A single-dose randomized, open-label, two-period crossover study was designed in healthy Chinese subjects. 48 subjects were divided into fasting and high-fat meal group equally. The subjects randomly received the test or reference formulations at the rate of 1:1. Following a 21-day washout period, the alternative formulations were received. The blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168 hours later. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was applied to determine levamlodipine in the plasma samples.Results: Within equivalence limits between 80 ~ 125%, the test formulation and the reference formulation were bioequivalent, with the 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for the ratio of geometric means of Cmax, AUC0-t, and AUC0-∞. The data were shown as Cmax (89.59% ~ 101.61%), AUC0-t (87.83% ~ 94.87%) and AUC0-∞ (86.28% ~ 93.49%) under fasting condition, Cmax (90.93% ~ 102.37%), AUC0–t (95.75% ~ 104.93%) and AUC0–∞ (95.36% ~ 105.33%) under high-fat meal condition. Serious adverse event was not observed.Conclusions: The trial confirmed that levamlodipine at a single dose of 5 mg and amlodipine at a single dose of 10 mg were bioequivalent under both fasting condition and high-fat meal condition.Trial registration: Cinicaltrials, NCT04411875. Registered 3 June 2020 - Retrospectively registered, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S0009W1Q&selectaction=Edit&uid=U00050YQ&ts=3&cx=-6iqkm8
Pregnancy and Childbirth During the Covid-19 Epidemic in Poland: Qualitative Evidence From Expert Interviews.
Authors: Buler Marta , Pustułka Paula 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe Covid-19 outbreak has significantly altered the provisions and shape of medical services for expecting mothers worldwide. In Poland, the country where pregnancy and childbirth are subject to comparably greater medicalization, those shifts are particularly tangible. This study aimed at capturing the responses of the maternal health professionals, highlighting possible long-term implications for the expecting and new mothers, as well as the reproductive health sector. MethodsThis is a qualitative and rapid-response study which addresses the themes around the emerging implications of the viral outbreak. Semi-structured expert interviews were conducted with 46 individuals, all highly-skilled, working in either medical or adjacent sectors connected with reproductive medicine, as well as varied antenatal and postpartum care services. In this analysis, 7 digital experts were excluded as observers rather than field practitioners Among 39 interviews, 5 have been conducted with OB-GYNs, 13 with midwives, 7 with doulas, 14 broadly-conceived category of maternal support experts including psychologists and physiotherapists. The recorded data were input into thematic grids and meticulously transcribed prior to being subject to an inductive, thematic analysis. ResultsThe findings revealed that the context of the heightened medicalization of pregnancy and hospital care during birth in Poland, resulted in strong restrictions and immediate fall back to a clinical care model. The majority also claimed that the Covid-19 pandemic exacerbated the implications of the decades of Polish maternal health recommendations contradicting the WHO regulations. Professionals’ anxieties concern limited access to services assisting women during pregnancies. While those linked to hospitals pointed out physiological risks, other maternal support experts drew attention to the effects of stress and uncertainty on maternal mental health. ConclusionsExperts believe that the pandemic will have multifaceted consequences. Negative impact on well-being of expecting and birthing mothers, as well as new-borns, is already observed and highly anticipated to increase further. The professionals underscore both the information chaos surrounding recommendations and procedures, and see the pandemic as a moment of reflection, mostly being vocal in their critiques of the over-medicalized Polish care model.
The Effect of Burnout, Stress, Depression, and Anxiety on the General Efficacy of Health Service Provision Among Chinese Nurses During Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak: A Single-Center Survey.
Authors: Kabakleh Yasira , Zhang Jingping , Swai Joel 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: In-person caring for coronavirus disease patients amid the outbreak and shortage of medical supplies create burnout and fear of getting infected among healthcare workers. These deem questioning service provision’s efficacy by healthcare workers. This study aims to explore the effect of burnout, stress, depression, and anxiety on the efficacy of health service provision among nurses during the Coronavirus disease outbreak in China, by multiple linear regressionMethods: Our Cross-sectional study utilized three Chinese versions of validated questionnaires; Maslach Burnout Inventory, The General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales to assess burnout, efficacy, and anxiety among Chinese nurses caring for Coronavirus disease patients during the outbreak. We performed multiple linear regression with burnout, depression, anxiety, and stress scores as independent variables versus general self-efficacy scores as the dependent variable. We used SPSS at a 95% level of significance in the data analysis, and the STROBE tool in the write-up.Results: There was a total of 408 study participants. The majority showed high levels of depersonalization, emotional exhaustion, low levels of personal achievements, and extremely high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. The general self-efficacy was below the international average. Emotional exhaustion and stress demonstrated a small negative correlation with general self-efficacy. The effect of anxiety and depression on the general self-efficacy was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Coronavirus disease outbreak in China, overwhelmed healthcare facilities creating burnout, anxiety, stress, and depression among nurses working in the hard-hit areas. These may explain an observed lower than average general self-efficacy. However, only stress and emotional exhaustion were associated with reduced general self-efficacy among nurses.
Knowledge and preventive practices towards Covid-19 and associated factors among healthcare workers in selected health facilities of Illu Aba Bor and Buno Bedelle Zones, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Tsegaye Dereje , Shuremu Muluneh , Oljira Dereje , Dubale Sileshi , Befekadu Getachew , Bidira Kebebew 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The COVID-19 outbreak has been declared a public health emergency of international concern. As the virus is transmitted through close contact and droplets, frontline HCWs caring for COVID-19 patients are at risk of the infection. This study aimed at assessing knowledge and preventive practices towards Covid-19 among health care providers in selected health facilities of Illu Aba Bor and Buno Bedele zones, Southwest Ethiopia.
Methods

An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2020 among 330 health workers in selected health facilities of Illu Aba Bor and Buno-Bedelle Zones, Southwest Ethiopia. Data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. The collected data were entered onto Epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of preventive practices towards Covid-19. Statistical significance was declared at a p-value of < 0.05.
Result

Greater part (93.3%) of the respondent demonstrated good knowledge towards COVID-19 and the mean (± SD) knowledge score was 9.0 4 ± 1.06. Nearly two-thirds (64.2%) of the study participants had good infection prevention practices. Being male (AOR = 3.65, 95% CI: (1.96, 6.80)), education level (AOR = 1.82, 95% CI (1.02, 3.22)), profession (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI (1.08, 9.33)), service year ( 5–10 years) (AOR = 2.00 (1.02, 3.92)) and more than 10 years (AOR = 3.14 (1.51, 6.52)), availability of personal protective equipment (AOR = 1.96 (1.06, 3.61)) and Knowledge level (AOR = 2.61 (1.48, 4.62)) were independent predictors of COVID-19 preventive practices.
Conclusion

The overall level of knowledge of HCWs was good. However, the practice was relatively low. Gender, educational status, profession, year of service, knowledge towards COVID-19, and availability of personal protective equipment were independent predictors of good infection prevention practices. Optimizing the infection prevention and control loop of the health facilities is recommended.
Serum tRNA-Derived Fragments as Potential Biomarkers in Children with Acute Intussusception
Authors: Chen Wei , Zhao Lian , Guo Wan-liang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA)–derived fragments (tRFs) can serve as candidate biomarkers for pediatric intussusception.Methods: Using high-throughput sequencing technology, we identified differentially expressed tRFs, and ultimately selected three tRFs to establish a signature as a predictive biomarker of pediatric intussusception. Selection of these three upregulated genes was veriﬁed using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). We conducted receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to evaluate the predictive accuracy of the selected genes for pediatric intussusception.Results: We detected 732 tRFs and tRNA-derived stress-induced RNA (tiRNAs), 1705 micro-RNAs (miRNAs), 52 differentially expressed miRNAs, and 34 differentially expressed tRFs and tiRNAs between patients and controls. Compared with controls, we found 33 upregulated miRNAs, 24 upregulated tRFs and tiRNAs, 19 downregulated miRNAs, and 10 downregulated tRFs and tiRNAs in children with intussusception. Using qPCR, the expression trends of tRF-Leu-TAA-006, tRF-Gln-TTG-033 and tRF-Lys-TTT-028 were consistent with the sequencing results. AUCs of tRF-Leu-TAA-006, tRF-Gln-TTG-033 and tRF-Lys-TTT-028 were 0.984, 0.970 and 0.837, respectively.Conclusion: Circulating tRF-Leu-TAA-006, tRF-Gln-TTG-033 and tRF-Lys-TTT-028 expression might be a novel potential biomarker for diagnosis of pediatric intussusception.
The Impact of Nifedipine on Maternal and Fetal Blood Stream on the Threat of Preterm Labor: an Experimental Study
Authors: Anwar Anita Deborah , Tiara Indra Magda , Anggraeni Elsy , Rumanti Rizna Tyrani , Mantilidewi Kemala Isnainiasih , Effendy Jusuf Sulaeman 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Preterm birth is a significant cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality and that becomes a major challenge in perinatal health care. Various pharmacological agents that inhibit uterine contractions are used in clinical practice to prevent preterm delivery. The maternal and fetal side-effect profiles of tocolytic agents are becoming an important consideration in selecting the drug of choice. Nifedipine, a dihydropyridine calcium entry blocker, is an effective tocolytic agent with low toxicity and teratogenicity, while carrying potential maternal as well as fetal vascular side effects due to its action on vascular smooth muscle. This study was performed to asses nifedipine use as tocolytic agent in preventing preterm birth, and assesing maternal as well as fetal vascular side effects.Methods: This experimental study with one-group pretest-posttest design was performed in 30 pregnant women undergoing nifedipine as tocolytic. Doppler assessment of uterine, umbilical and fetal middle cerebral arteries, ductus venosus, and cerebroplacental ratio was performed before and 48 hours after nifedipine therapy. Wilcoxon's signed ranks test was used to analyze the difference between the two variables. A P-value of < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: The result of the study showed nifedipine was associated with a significant decreased of pulsatility index uterine artery (p = 0.016; p-value<0.05) and umbilical artery (p = 0.037; p-value<0.05) after 48 hours therapy, while pulsatility index of fetal middle cerebral arteries, ductus venosus, and cerebroplacental ratio did not change significantly.Conclusion: The study concluded that nifedipine as tocolytic increased blood flow of uterine artery and umbilical artery after 48 hours therapy.
Discovery of structural deletions in breast cancer susceptibility genes using whole genome sequencing data from &gt;2,000 African ancestry women
Authors: Chen Zhishan , Guo Xingyi , Long Jirong , Ping Jie , Li Bingshan , Fadden Mary Kay , Ahearn Thomas , Stram Daniel , Shu Xiao-Ou , Jia Guochong , Figueroa Jonine , Palmer Julie , Sanderson Maureen , Haiman Christopher , Blot William , Garcia-Closas Montserrat , Cai Qiuyin , Zheng Wei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Structural deletions in breast cancer susceptibility genes could confer to cancer risk, but remain poorly characterized. Here, we conducted in-depth whole genome sequencing (WGS) in germline DNA samples from 1,340 invasive breast cancer cases and 675 controls of African ancestry to discover such deletions. We identified 33 deletions, including five protein-truncating deletions in BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51C, GEN1, and BRIP1, were observed only in cases but not in controls. Three deletions, including one protein-truncating deletion in TP53, were found to have a higher frequency in cases than in controls. In total, 4.6% of cases and 0.6% of controls carried any of these 36 deletions, resulting in an odds ratio (OR) of 8.0 (95%CI = 2.94 - 30.41). In addition, we identified a low-frequency deletion in NF1 associated with breast cancer risk (OR = 1.93, 95%CI = 1.14 - 3.42). These findings have significant implications for genetic testing for this common cancer.
Dietary Patterns and Sociodemographic Factors in Socially Vulnerable Populations: Cross-Sectional Study in Users of First Level Healthcare
Authors: Torres Christian , Orozco Emanuel , Alcalde Jacqueline , Macias Nayeli , Arredondo Armando 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: Define the dietary patterns of adults with normal weight, overweight and obesity, and their association with socio-demographic factors. Methods: The size of the sample universe is 1,000 homes in four states of the Mexican Republic. A sub-sample was selected of 787 people to whom a healthcare questionnaire was applied. A factor analysis by principal components was carried out to identify dietary patterns. The distribution of the population’s socio-demographic characteristics was analyzed by quartiles and a multivariate logistic regression was done with dietary patterns as the dependent variable; p < 0.05 values were taken for statistical significance.Results: Three dietary patterns were identified in the two population groups (normal weight / overweight-obesity): Prudent, Western and Varied. In both groups, a prudent pattern was found, with high consumption of fruits, vegetables and plain water. The Western pattern is characterized by consumption of flours, processed foods and those of animal origin, and the varied pattern presented consumption of oils, sugar sweetened beverages and snacks. The Prudent pattern was positively associated with the female sex and age, while the Western pattern was associated with elementary schooling level and the varied pattern with the masculine sex. The study population reported dietary risk factors, physical inactivity, and time in front of a screen, tobacco consumption, alcohol consumption and family history of chronic diseases.Conclusion: Health effects derived from the different dietary patterns could increase economic and social vulnerability of the studied populations, which is a challenge to the health system for the provision of comprehensive care.
Methods to investigate intrathecal adaptive immunity in neurodegeneration
Authors: Oh Hamilton , Leventhal Olivia , Wyss-Coray Tony , Lehallier Benoit , Gate David 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) provides basic mechanical and immunological protection to the brain. Historically, analysis of CSF has focused on protein changes, yet recent studies have shed light on cellular alterations. Evidence now exists for involvement of intrathecal T cells in the pathobiology of neurodegenerative diseases. However, a standardized method for long-term preservation of CSF immune cells is lacking. Further, the functional role of CSF T cells and their cognate antigens in neurodegenerative diseases are largely unknown. Results: We present a method for long-term cryopreservation of CSF immune cells for downstream single cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing (scRNA-TCRseq) analysis. We observe preservation of CSF immune cells, consisting primarily of memory CD4 + and CD8 + T cells. We then utilize unbiased bioinformatics approaches to quantify TCR sequence similarity within and between disease groups. By this method, we identify clusters of disease-associated, antigen-specific TCRs from clonally expanded CSF T cells of patients with neurodegenerative diseases. Conclusions: Here, we provide a standardized approach for long-term storage of CSF immune cells. Additionally, we present unbiased bioinformatic approaches that will facilitate the discovery of target antigens of clonally expanded T cells in neurodegenerative diseases. These novel methods will help improve our understanding of adaptive immunity in the central nervous system.