bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Clostridioides difficile infection in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Tang Chenjie , Liu Chengcheng , Han Yaping , Zhang Xiaohui , Xia Wenying , Ni Fang , Liu Genyan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile infection(CDI) in China is different from western countries and the characteristics of CDI among inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in China may be unique. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular epidemiology and to find out the risk factors of CDI among IBD inpatients in Jiangsu Province, China. Methods: Patients with IBD admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University from August 2013 to December 2018 were enrolled. IBD patients were matched with non IBD patients according to age and gender. Diarrhea samples were sent for CDI diagnosis and the molecular epidemiology investigation was performed. Finally, patients’ information was collected and logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the independent risk factors of CDI in IBD patients. Results: In this study, the incidence of CDI in IBD patients was much higher than that in non IBD patients (24.6% vs. 9.0%) and community acquired infection was the main kind. The predominant type of epidemic strain of C. difficile in this study was ST54. The shorter history of IBD and recent use of quinolone antibiotics were independent risk factors for CDI among diarrhea patients with IBD. Conclusion: If the duration of IBD is within one year or quinolone antibiotics have been used recently, clinicians should consider the possibility of IBD patients complicated with CDI and adjust the treatment plan.
k-mer proximity index for phylogeny comparison of SARS-CoV-2 with other pathogens
Authors: Pratibha  , Shaju Cyril , Kamal  , Gupta Aman 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We developed a compact and computationally inexpensive method for in-silico comparison of nucleotide sequences at a macro level using subtraction-percentage plots (SP-plots) of a modified chaos game representation (CGR). Analyzing these plots, we defined the k-mer proximity index quantifying the differences between SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens’ genome sequences. We categorized 31 pathogens, on the basis of their proximity to SARS-CoV-2, in four groups to possibly plan a treatment strategy for Covid-19.
Guide to Harvesting Heracleum Persicum: How Essential Oil Composition and Phenolic Acid Profile Fluctuate at Different Phenological Stages?
Authors: Hazrati Saeid , Mollaei Saeed , Angourani Hossein Rabbi , Hosseini Seyyed Jaber , Sedaghat Mojde , Nicola Silvana 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUN: Heracleum persicum commonly named Golpar, is a principal native medicinal plant in Iran. Collecting H. persicum at the appropriate growing stage is the key factor to achieve the high phytochemical quality to meet consumer’s needs. In the present experiment, the aerial parts of this plant were harvested at up to six different developmental stages during the growing season to determine the phytochemical profiles. RESULTS: Our results indicated that the highest essential oil yield and extract were obtained in the mid-mature seed stage (3.5%),) and floral budding stage (10.40%). In the vegetative stage, limonene (18.05), in floral budding stage, caryophyllene (14.07), anethole (14.55%), and β-bisabolene (12.56%), in the full flowering stage, myristicin (15.02%), and hexyl butyrate (9.05%); in the early development of seeds stage, hexyl butyrate (32.08%), and octyl acetate (11.67%); in the mid-mature seeds stage hexyl butyrate (38.75%), octyl acetate (14.47%); in the late-mature/ripe seeds stage, hexyl butyrate (23.59%), and octyl acetate (10.48%) recorded as the main components. The analysis of phenolic acids demonstrated cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ferulic acid, and rosmarinic acid as the main phenolic acids. The highest phenolic acids content was obtained in the floral budding stage (287.40 mg g –1 dry extract). Cinnamic acid was found as the major phenolic compound in the vegetative stage following by floral budding, the full flowering stage, the early development of seeds and late-mature/ripe seeds stages. P-coumaric acid was the most abundant phenolic compounds in the mid-mature seeds stage. The development stage has a significant impact on the content and composition of both essential oil and phenolic acid composition. CONCLUSION: In this regard, the harvest time of H. persicum aerial parts can be selected to achieve the highest secondary metabolites of interest. The results of this study can be used as a guideline for grower to obtain the highest amount of desirable metabolites, beneficial in the food and pharmaceutical industries as well as economic benefits.
Premenstrual Psychosis In A Patient With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Pang Tamara , Lui Yit Shiang , Chee Tji Tjian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Periodic psychosis in relation to the menstrual cycle phases has been reported but its pathogenesis not yet known. We report a case of a 28 year old female with schizoaffective disorder since 18 years old. She was diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) 3 years later and was noted to have distinct psychotic episodes that coincided acutely with her premenstrual period. Peculiarly she exhibited delusions of pregnancy during her psychotic episodes. This was followed by near resolution with the end of menstruation. This case sheds light on this atypical presentation of psychosis in female patients as well as its potential aetiology.
Knock Down of LINC00504 Represses Proliferation and Invasion via Regulation of miR-140-5p in Breast Cancer
Authors: hou tieying , ye long , qin qingsong , wu shulin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancer in the world. Emerging evidence has demonstrated the critical role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the development of breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of LINC00504 in breast cancer progression. Methods: Quantification real-time PCR was used to analyzed the expression levels of LINC00504 and miR‐140-5p in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were assessed by Cell Counting Kit‐8, transwell assay and Immunofluorescence. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA Immunoprecipitation assay were performed to verify the interaction between LINC00504 and miR‐140-5p. The expression levels of VEGFA, CDH1 and VIM were demonstrated by western blot assays. Result: Here, we found that LINC00504 is up regulated in breast cancer tissues and cell lines. Down regulation of LINC00504 mediated by shRNA suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, LINC00504 was found to competitively regulate miR‐140-5p via targeting VEGFA. Inhibition of miR‐140-5p attenuated the knockdown-LINC00504 induced inhibition of breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Conclusion: Taken together, our results demonstrated the mechanism of the LINC00504–miR‐140-5p–VEGFA axis in breast cancer cell proliferation and invasion and may lead to new lncRNA-based diagnostics or therapeutics for breast cancer.
Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of CD44s and CD44v6 Expression in Patients with Glioma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Kai , Zhang Xinyi , Xing Changsheng , Guan Wenting , Zhang Luyuan , Guo Kai , Luo Mei , Liu Zhixiong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Cancer stem cell surface marker CD44 has been revealed to promote tumor growth, progression, and metastasis in gliomas. Although the prognostic and clinicopathological value of CD44 standard form (CD44s) and its variant isoform CD44v6 expression in glioma patients has been evaluated in several independent studies, their results remained controversial. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to investigate the prognostic and clinicopathological association of CD44s/CD44v6 expression with glioma patients.Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in the electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and the Wangfang Data. The statistical analysis was conducted using Stata 15.0 and Review Manager 5.3.Results: A total of 43 studies with 2817 glioma patients were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled results indicated that positive expression of CD44s was significantly associated with poorer overall survival (OS, univariate analysis, HR =1.63, 95% CI= [1.16–2.29], P=0.005; multivariate analysis, HR=2.14, 95%CI= [1.21, 3.78], P=0.009), and reduced progression-free survival (PFS) in the univariate analysis (HR=2.09, 95% CI= [1.59, 2.75], P<0.00001), but not with PFS in the multivariate analysis (P>0.05) or tumor recurrence (P>0.05). CD44 expression was significantly upregulated in glioma tissues when compared with non-tumorous brain tissues (CD44s, OR=31.31, 95% CI= [15.22, 64.43], P<0.00001; CD44v6, OR=13.18, 95% CI= [5.51, 31.51], P<0.00001). In particular, CD44 expression was preferentially expressed in high-grade gliomas (grade III-IV vs. grade I-II, CD44s, OR=4.67, 95% CI= [3.18, 6.87], P<0.00001; CD44v6, OR=2.06, 95% CI= [1.21, 3.51], P=0.008). CD44s expression was lower in brain metastases than that in primary gliomas (OR=0.25, 95% CI= [0.10, 0.60], P=0.002), however, higher expression of CD44v6 was detected in brain metastases when compared with primary gliomas (OR=49.44, 95% CI= [13.06, 187.22], P<0.00001).Conclusions:This meta-analysis revealed the prognostic value of CD44s expression and clinicopathological significance of CD44s/CD44v6 expression in gliomas. Increased CD44s expression can predict worse prognosis of glioma patients. Particularly, CD44s is an independent prognostic factor for poor OS of glioma patients. Both CD44s and CD44v6 were glioma patients predominantly expressed in glioma tissues, especially in high-grade gliomas. Additionally, CD44v6 is a potential diagnostic biomarker for differentiating brain metastases from primary gliomas in individual cases. Therapeutic strategies targeting CD44 in gliomas should be further explored in the future.
Research on Foot Trajectory Tracking of Parallel Wheel-legged Robot based on Dynamic Model Predictive Control
Authors: Liu Daohe , Wang Shoukun , Chen Zhihua , Wang Junzheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the foot trajectory tracking control for parallel structure of the sixwheel-legged robot is investigated. The accuracy of trajectory tracking and dynamic responsewith heavy load are the main challenges of parallel mechanism. To guarantee the tracking performance and improve dynamic response frequency to posture input, a method based on dynamic model predictive control is proposed under the establishment of dynamic model of single leg. Newton-Eulerian equation is derived and converted into a discrete state space expression for velocity loop control, appropriate parameters including prediction time domain, control time domain and proportional gain are determined by co-simulation. Desired sinusoidal trajectories with different frequencies are tracked with satisfactory performance in terms of accuracy and response frequency. Finally, comparative experimental results using BIT-NAZA robot derived from the proposed control strategy indicate that the delay error and amplitude error are better than PI controller under the same conditions. This research can provide theoretical and engineering guidance for accurate planning of intelligent robot, and facilitate the control performance of wheel-legged robot in practical system.
Polypharmacy and lack of joy predict physical frailty among northern Japanese community-dwellers from the ORANGE cohort study
Authors: Kume Yu , Takahashi Tomoko , Itakura Yuki , Lee Sangyoon , Makizako Hyuma , Ono Tsuyosi , Shimada Hiroyuki , Ota Hidetaka 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: A gradually increasing prevalence of frailty is recognized in the super-aging society that Japan faces, and early detection and intervention of frailty in community-dwellers are critical issues to prevent frailty. Although previous studies have well documented the characteristics of physical disability, there is limited information on frail state differences among older adults in Japanese rural areas. The aim of this study was to clarify the association and predictors of frail status in northen Japan community-dwellers aged 65 or more.Methods: The investigation was conducted from 2018 to 2020. After obtaining informed consent from each participant, assessments and outcomes were evaluated according to the ORANGE protocol. Participants were recruited from Akita community-dwellers in northern Japan. We applied the frailty index of Gerontology - the Study of Geriatric Syndromes (NCGG-SGS) to classify frailty status, collecting data of demographics and psycho-social status using the Kihon checklist and cognitive domains including the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Functional Assessment Tool (NCGG-FAT).Results: Our subjects included 313 older adults divided into 138 robust, 163 prefrail and 12 frail. For statistical analysis, physical frailty and cognitive decline were related, and polypharmacy and a lack of joy in daily life were the main predictors of frail status.Conclusions: Reducing medications and finding fun in your life are important to prevent frailty.
PLCG2 as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease.
Authors: Tsai Andy P. , Dong Chuanpeng , Preuss Christoph , Moutinho Miguel , Lin Peter Bor-Chian , Hajicek Nicole , Sondek John , Bissel Stephanie J. , Oblak Adrian L. , Carter Gregory W. , Liu Yunlong , Landreth Gary E. , Lamb Bruce T. , Nho Kwangsik 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by robust microgliosis and phenotypic changes that accompany disease pathogenesis. Indeed, genetic variants in microglial genes are linked to risk for late-onset AD (LOAD). Phospholipase C 𝛾 2 (PLCG2) participates in the transduction of signals emanating from immune cell-surface receptors that regulate the inflammatory response and is selectively expressed by microglia in the brain. A rare variant in PLCG2 (P522R) was previously found to be protective against LOAD. Here, we performed association analysis to identify a new genetic variation in PLCG2 that is associated with elevated risk for LOAD. Methods Using whole genome sequencing (N=1,894) and RNA-Seq (N=1,077) data from the AMP-AD cohort, we investigated whether a missense variant in PLCG2 (M28L) was associated with risk for LOAD. We have examined the homology model and space-filling model of PLCG2 generated with PyMOL to investigate the protein structure of PLCG2 with substitutions of LOAD risk and protective variants in PLCG2 . Gene expression analysis and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) of PLCG2 were conducted. We also evaluated the relationship between PLCG2 expression levels and amyloid plaque density and expression levels of microglia specific markers ( AIF1 and TMEM119 ). Age, sex, and APOE ε4 carrier status were used as covariates. Finally, we investigated the longitudinal changes PLCG2 expression in the 5XFAD mouse model of AD and it relationship to amyloid pathology progression. Results A rare missense variant in PLCG2 (M28L) confers increased AD risk ( p =0.047; OR=1.164 [95% CI=1.002-1.351]). PLCG2 is highly expressed in the brain and was significantly up-regulated in the parahippocampal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, and inferior temporal gyrus in LOAD. Higher PLCG2 expression levels were associated with increased brain amyloid deposition. The findings were validated in 5xFAD mice, showing a disease progression-dependent increase in Plcg2 expression with amyloid pathology. Furthermore, eQTL analysis identified several variants as associated with increased PLCG2 expression levels in the brain and other organs. Conclusions Our results provide further evidence that PLCG2 and the M28L variant confers increase risk for LOAD and may play an important role in AD pathophysiology.
Clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of secondary glioblastoma
Authors: Fang Shengyu , Li Yiming , Wang Yinyan , Zhang Zhong , Jiang Tao 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Secondary glioblastoma (sGBM) is a specific, and prognostic factors of sGBM are still unclear. This study retrospectively investigated clinical prognosis factors of survival outcomes of sGBM.Methods All of 125 patients were recruited in this study. Clinical characteristics and survival outcomes were acquired from inpatient records and follow-ups. Kaplan‑Meier survival analysis and Cox survival analysis were applied to identifying prognostic factors.Results The median overall survival (OS) were 301 days. Gross total resection (GTR) (HR = 0.613, 95% confident interval (CI) = 0.408-0.923, p = 0.019), diagnosed sGBM without newly occurring symptoms when regular re-examination (DR) (HR= 0.481, 95% CI = 0.308-0.750, p = 0.001), higher postoperative Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score (HR = 0.977, 95% CI = 0.961-0.993, p = 0.006) were independently favorable prognosis factors for OS. GTR was the favorable factor for OS of sGBM patients of DR (HR = 0.238, 95% CI = 0.100-0.570, p = 0.001) and with new functional impairments (HR = 0.410, 95% CI = 0.205-0.821, p = 0.012). Additionally, postoperative KPS score not decreasing was the favorable factor for OS of sGBM patients with new functional impairments (HR = 0.401, 95% CI = 0.202-0.795, p = 0.009) and with new occurring epilepsy (HR = 0.295, 95% CI from 0.092 to 0.950, p = 0.041).Conclusions For patients with sGBM, GTR, higher postoperative KPS score, and diagnosed without newly occurring symptoms were favorable factors for the OS. The GTR was recommended for sGBM patients to improve survival outcomes.
Different source of sample strains corresponds to different characteristics of patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterium
Authors: Pan Xinling , Ji Songjun , Jin Xiaoling , Zhao Jin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) strains are important in the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. However, the different source of the sample may correspond to different characteristics of both NTM disease and infected patients and these aspects have not been investigated.Methods: Samples isolated from different sources in inpatients with NTM strains were comprehensively analyzed in this study, including basic information, laboratory examination and coexisting diseases.Results: A total of 242 inpatients with NTM strains were considered in this study. Sputum (n=129) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF, n=50) were the most common samples among patients with NTM strains from whom a sample was collected from a single source (n=179). The patients with NTM-positive BALF differed in age, gender, acid fast assay, the percentage of presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis, and symptom duration compared to the patients with NTM-positive sputum. The patients with COPD were older and mainly male, with longer symptom duration, with higher rates of smoking history and prostatic hyperplasia than those without COPD. Patients with bronchiectasis were mainly females, with a lower percentage of them with a tuberculosis history and smoking history compared to patients without bronchiectasis. Excluding the patients with COPD and bronchiectasis, patients with NTM-positive sputum were older, with positive results in acid-fast assay and T. spot assay compared to patients with NTM-positive BALF.Conclusions: The different specimen source in NTM patients was associated with different patients’ characteristics, and its choice could be influenced by presence of COPD and bronchiectasis. Patients with COPD and bronchiectasis differed in gender and smoking history, thus, these aspects should be comprehensively analyzed during the investigation of patients with pulmonary NTM infection.
Skin defects affecting goat skin quality in Tanqua Abergelle district, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Guash Abay , Nigus Zinabu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Skins of goat are among export animal products of the country that contributes foreign currency earnings. But many skins are rejected in the tanneries of Ethiopia due to their low quality. The purpose of this study was to identify the major defects causing low quality of skins in Tanqua Abergelle districts.Methods: Randomly 60 skins of goat were collected to identify the major defects that degrade the quality of skin in Tanqua Abergelle districts and were analyzed in Sheba Leather Industry at the wet-blue stage of processing.Results: Accordingly the major defects encountered were scratch (83.33), wound (50.00), knife (46.67), improper bleeding (43.33), demodectic mange (20.00), poor substance (18.33), pox/wart (16.67), age (6.67), hole (6.67), crack (5.00), brand mark (1.67) and putrification (1.67), percent respectively. The frequently detected defects were scratch (83.33%) followed by wound (50%) and least detected defects were putrification (1.67%) and brand mark (1.67%). From the total defects the proportion of demodectic mange was 20%. Out of the 60 skins 58 of them were encountered two and more than two defects. Those skins with more than two defects and above have been graded under 6 and above. According to Sheba Leather Industry guidelines, those skins graded under grades greater than 7 are rejected. Therefore, out of 60 goat skins 26 (43.3%) of them has been rejected. Most of the rejected skins were affected with at least two defects and above.Conclusions: In conclusion, around 12 major defects that have high impact on the quality of skin have been identified. Therefore, to minimize the defects of the skin extension service should be promoted to increase the public and butchers awareness and collaborative work with stakeholders should be enhanced.
Application of ELRA in Radical Resection of GCLM：A Case Report
Authors: Wang Hong , Zhang Chengcheng , Ou Yanjiao , Zhang Leida 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Backgroung Radical resection of gastric cancer liver metastases could increase the 5-year survival rate of GCLM patients. However, patients may lose the theoretical feasibility of surgery just due to the critical location of liver metastasis in some cases.Case presentation A 29-year-old female with chief complaints of chronic abdominal pain for one year. Abdominal CT and MRI examination suggested a mass of unknown pathological nature located between first and second hilars and the margin of lower segment of the right lobe of liver. The anterior wall of the gastric antrum was unevenly thickened. The diagnosis of (gastric antrum) intramucosal well-differentiated adenocarcinomav was histopathologically confirmed by puncture biopsy with gastroscopy guidance. Pathological property of liver mass remains unclear before surgery. She accepted radical resection（excision of both gastric tumors and ELRA simultaneously）followed by XELOX adjuvant chemotherapy. Without serious postoperative complications, the patient was successfully discharged on the 20th day after operation. Pathological examination of excised specimen indicated that gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection for primary gastric tumor and R0 resection for liver metastases were achieved. The resected mass was confirmed to be poorly differentiated gastric carcinoma (hepatoid adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation) with liver metastases of 6 and 8 segments. Follow-up review showed no recurrence and metastasis within liver. The mother of three children miraculously lived a happy life and worked like normal people.Conclusions: Application of ELRA in radical resection of GCLM can help selected patients with intrahepatic metastases located in complex sites get a favourable clinical outcome.