bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Ergonomics Approach of Maintenance Workstation
Authors: Mujmule N S , Katekar S D , Gaikwad A P , Mali S C , Koli S R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The transportation systems contribute very vital role in growth of country, either it may private, public or own transportation system, and to keep the automobiles or machine in good condition without any interruption consistent corrective or preventive maintenance has to be done, and this maintenance activities should take the least time and cost of maintenance along with good quality, and to achieve this it is preferred to design a good maintenance workstation with a systematic ergonomic consideration which has a great influence on time, service, comfort, quality, productivity. For the design of a maintenance workstation, systematic ergonomic procedures are considered these procedures should concern for good ergonomically design of workstation. In an actual design of workstation ergonomically approach is needed concern of the worker anthropometric data with the various parameter of the workstation like adequate posture, work table or chair height, position of the operating nobs and levers comfortable sufficient working areas that help to reduce MSD (Musculoskeletal disorder) and prevent injuries of worker along with enhancing productivity. The main objective of this paper is to propose a systematic ergonomically designed maintenance workstation. Existing workstation of Maintenance in MSRTC (Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation) Solapur workshop, is not designed with consideration of Ergonomic principle, so the ergonomic analysis has been made for different posture of maintenance activity, and modifications in workstation has been suggested. For analysis CATIA software is used, Manikin (simulated posture of worker) has been developed based on the anthropometric data collected from MSRTC for RULA analysis under quasi-static loading and dynamic loading conditions.
Theoretical Analysis of LC Filter to Three Level Diode Clamped Inverters in Low/Medium Voltage Applications
Authors: Hunachal Santoshkumar M. , Chodankar Bhagyraj , Salgonkar Rahul , Nakhwa Durvesh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The employing of power electronic devices for converters plays a vital role in the conversion of AC to DC vice versa. Applications of these converters more demand in renewable energy, hybrid vehicles, Drives, HVDC, etc. In renewable energy, especially a solar-based power generation stations require inverter stations. These inverters stations have the multilevel inverters. Multilevel inverters are emerging day by day in the sector of the renewable energy sector. The increasing level of multilevel inverters can be effectively utilized in low and medium voltage applications to get the desired voltage and frequency. But output voltage is not in sinusoidal. However, most of the loads require a pure sinusoidal form of voltage. To get sinusoidal voltage across loads a high switching frequency is required to switch the MOSFETs or IGBTs. Along with a suitable value of LC, filters make the sinusoidal nature of waveform with less total harmonic distortion (THD) levels. To get a sinusoidal wave, a proper theoretical analysis of filters is required. In this paper theoretical analysis has been done for LC filters and checked with simulation results for various loads. The performance of theoretical LC filters values checked using diode clamped multi-level inverters have been examined through MATLAB/SIMULINK by POD PWM by POD PWM.
Stress strain characteristics of reinforced hollow concrete block masonry melded with mesh reinforcement
Authors: Dharek Manish S , Raghunath S , Sunagar Prashant C , Bhashyam Aravind H , Sreekeshava K S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Plain Masonry similar to unreinforced concrete, is resilient in compression and weak in tension. Masonry gains strength with age similar to concrete. Inspite of these resemblances, there exist numerous differences between masonry and concrete. The major difference is the regular pattern of horizontal joints(known as bed joints) at specific intervals along the height of walls introduce due to the method of construction of masonry. These bed joints make masonry a direction dependent material possessing orthotropic properties, unlike concrete which is usually regarded as isotropic atleast in the elastic range. Mechanical properties such as compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength are a pre-requisite as part of the design of masonry walls. The present study deals with the experimental study to evaluate the mechanical properties of hollow concrete block masonry specimens for varying cement mortar proportions melded with mesh reinforcement at bed joints. Parameters such as compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, failure pattern have been studied and compared for reinforced and unreinforced hollow concrete block prisms. The study showed higher compressive strength and improved elastic modulus for specimens with higher grade of mortar
Prediction of mechanical properties of high strength steel fiber reinforced concrete with multiple regression technique
Authors: Kadam Shriganesh S , Karjinni Vilas V 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
High strength steel fiber reinforced concrete which has cube compressive strength greater than 60 N/mm2 was prepared with OPC 53 grade cement confirming IS 269. Sand passing through IS sieve 4.75mm and retaining on IS sieve 150 micron was used in the investigation. Steel fiber with aspect ratio 80 reinforced randomly and at one third position from top of the concrete surface. The percentage of steel fiber varies from 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% by volume of concrete specimen. The percentage of silica fume varies from 5%, 10% and 15% by weight of cement used in concrete. Mechanical properties of concrete such as compressive strength, flexural strength were investigated for both the position of steel fiber in concrete. A multiple regression model was employed to predict the mechanical properties of HSSFRC. The regression analysis was performed based on the relationships between the independent variables and the dependent variables. Scatter plot was used to determine the relationship between predictor and criterion variables. The relationship between dependant and independent variable is explained by the magnitude (or the strength) and the direction of the relationship. The magnitude of relationship was calculated using “CORRELATION” formula, which gives the strength of the relationship. The actual shape of the curve determines the direction of the relationship.
Effect on bubble dynamics during pool boiling heat transfer in a novel aqueous binary mixture of surfactants
Authors: Pawar Prashant B. , Rakate Ganesh N. , Yadav Sujit V. , Gondkar Vivek S. , Chittewar Suresh L. , Daingade Prashant S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Temperature near the heating region changes with the water boiling curve when the heat flux applied. In this study, experiments were carried out by maintaining a cylindrical subcutaneous hypodermic needle as a single active nucleation site. By controlling heat supplied to the site, a single bubble was formed in the saturated water. The boiling phenomenon was recorded. The surfactants used were sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and centrimonium bromide (CTAB). Aqueous binary mixture SDS-CTAB was prepared on a volume percent basis. The effect was measured by studying a single bubble. The vapor bubble resulting from the nucleation site was observed. Bubble parameters, without and with a surfactant, were plotted in two heat fluxes concerning the excess temperature. It is found that, compared with saturated water, the average measurements of bubble detachment diameters and terminal velocities decreased, but the bubble departure frequency increased. On the other side of analysis, with increasing excess needle temperature of site, at 601 kW/m2, the detachment diameter decreased, departure frequency increased, rising velocity was increased and at 950 kW/m2, the detachment diameter increased, departure frequency increased, rising velocity decreased.
Antibacterial activities and cytocompatibility of zinc-contained strontium phosphate coating on titanium
Authors: Zuo Kangqing , Yin Yixin , Yao Liping , Wang Kai , Yan Yuanyuan , Ma Zongliang , Liu Bing , Lu Yupeng , Li Xiaoyan , Xiao Guiyong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most pivotal issues accounting for clinical failure of titanium (Ti)-based implants. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an antibacterial coating with high biocompatibility on the Ti implant surface. In this article, a novel zinc-doped strontium phosphate coating, denoted as Sr-Zn-PCC, was deposited on Ti substrates by phosphate chemical conversion (PCC) method. The texture characterizations indicated that continuous coatings containing SrHPO4, Sr3(PO4)2 and SrZn2(PO4)2 phases were formed on the Ti surface. It is found that the doping of Zn could tune the surface microstructure, roughness, wettability and corrosion resistance of the coatings. The Sr-Zn-PCC coating showed the same bacterial adhesion property at short time (2 h), but tended to hinder biofilm formation on coatings after incubation for up to 24 h. Up to 80% of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were killed within 24 h by contact with the Sr-Zn-PCC surface. Moreover, cytocompatibility assay indicated that MC-3T3 cells had good adhesion, spreading properties on the coatings, suggesting that it is a promising alloy with both excellent antibacterial ability and high biocompatibility for the applications on orthopedic implants.
Modulation-enhanced localization microscopy
Authors: Reymond Loïc , Huser Thomas , Ruprecht Verena , Wieser Stefan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy has become a powerful tool in cell biology to observe sub-cellular organization and molecular details below the diffraction limit of light. Super-resolution methods are generally classified into three main concepts: stimulated emission depletion (STED), single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) and structured illumination microscopy (SIM). Here, we highlight the novel concept of modulation-enhanced localization microscopy (meLM) which we designate as the 4th super-resolution method. Recently, a series of modulation-enhanced localization microscopy methods have emerged, namely MINFLUX, SIMPLE, SIMFLUX, ModLoc and ROSE. Although meLM combines key ideas from STED, SIM and SMLM, the main concept of meLM relies on a different idea: isolated emitters are localized by measuring their modulated fluorescence intensities in a precisely shifted structured illumination pattern. To position meLM alongside state-of-the-art super-resolution methods we first highlight the basic principles of existing techniques and show which parts of these principles are utilized by the meLM method. We then present the overall novel super-resolution principle of meLM that can theoretically reach unlimited localization precision whenever illumination patterns are translated by an arbitrarily small distance.
Multiple kernel learning for integrative consensus clustering of omic datasets
Authors: Cabassi Alessandra , Kirk Paul D W 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Diverse applications—particularly in tumour subtyping—have demonstrated the importance of integrative clustering techniques for combining information from multiple data sources. Cluster Of Clusters Analysis (COCA) is one such approach that has been widely applied in the context of tumour subtyping. However, the properties of COCA have never been systematically explored, and its robustness to the inclusion of noisy datasets is unclear.

Results
We rigorously benchmark COCA, and present Kernel Learning Integrative Clustering (KLIC) as an alternative strategy. KLIC frames the challenge of combining clustering structures as a multiple kernel learning problem, in which different datasets each provide a weighted contribution to the final clustering. This allows the contribution of noisy datasets to be down-weighted relative to more informative datasets. We compare the performances of KLIC and COCA in a variety of situations through simulation studies. We also present the output of KLIC and COCA in real data applications to cancer subtyping and transcriptional module discovery.

Availability and implementation
R packages klic and coca are available on the Comprehensive R Archive Network.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Coevolution-based prediction of protein–protein interactions in polyketide biosynthetic assembly lines
Authors: Wang Yan , Correa Marrero Miguel , Medema Marnix H , van Dijk Aalt D J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Motivation
Polyketide synthases (PKSs) are enzymes that generate diverse molecules of great pharmaceutical importance, including a range of clinically used antimicrobials and antitumor agents. Many polyketides are synthesized by cis-AT modular PKSs, which are organized in assembly lines, in which multiple enzymes line up in a specific order. This order is defined by specific protein–protein interactions (PPIs). The unique modular structure and catalyzing mechanism of these assembly lines makes their products predictable and also spurred combinatorial biosynthesis studies to produce novel polyketides using synthetic biology. However, predicting the interactions of PKSs, and thereby inferring the order of their assembly line, is still challenging, especially for cases in which this order is not reflected by the ordering of the PKS-encoding genes in the genome.

Results
Here, we introduce PKSpop, which uses a coevolution-based PPI algorithm to infer protein order in PKS assembly lines. Our method accurately predicts protein orders (93% accuracy). Additionally, we identify new residue pairs that are key in determining interaction specificity, and show that coevolution of N- and C-terminal docking domains of PKSs is significantly more predictive for PPIs than coevolution between ketosynthase and acyl carrier protein domains.

Availability and implementation
The code is available on http://www.bif.wur.nl/ (under ‘Software’).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The political economy of state regulation: the case of the British Factory Acts
Authors: Moos Katherine A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper examines the British Factory Acts (enacted 1833–78) to articulate a political economic theory of policy formation. It argues that the British Factory Acts stabilised conditions for both capital accumulation and social reproduction, while perpetuating patriarchal–capitalist relations. Through these Acts, the state intervened in industrial relations to address social coordination problems and overexploitation caused by the incentive structure of firms and households. Overexploitation posed three threats to social reproduction: the deterioration of the health of the working class, the destabilisation of gender norms and patriarchal structures and political mobilisation of the working and middle classes. By conceptualising protective policy as the solution to social coordination problems in the industrial capitalist labour market, this paper builds upon Polanyian insights into the ‘double movement’, with an explicit Marxian theory of exploitation, the classical theory of competition and insights from feminist theories of social reproduction, unwaged labour and the patriarchal–capitalist system.
Hormone comparison between right and left baleen whale earplugs
Authors: Crain Danielle D , Thomas Amanda , Mansouri Farzaneh , Potter Charles W , Usenko Sascha , Trumble Stephen J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Marine animals experience additional stressors as humans continue to industrialize the oceans and as the climate continues to rapidly change. To examine how the environment or humans impact animal stress, many researchers analyse hormones from biological matrices. Scientists have begun to examine hormones in continuously growing biological matrices, such as baleen whale earwax plugs, baleen and pinniped vibrissae. Few of these studies have determined if the hormones in these tissues across the body of the organism are interchangeable. Here, hormone values in the right and left earplugs from the same individual were compared for two reasons: (i) to determine whether right and left earplug hormone values can be used interchangeably and (ii) to assess methods of standardizing hormones in right and left earplugs to control for individuals’ naturally varying hormone expressions. We analysed how absolute, baseline-corrected and Z-score normalized hormones performed in reaching these goals. Absolute hormones in the right and left earplugs displayed a positive relationship, while using Z-score normalization was necessary to standardize the variance in hormone expression. After Z-score normalization, it was possible to show that the 95% confidence intervals of the differences in corresponding lamina of the right and left earplugs include zero for both cortisol and progesterone. This indicates that the hormones in corresponding lamina of right and left earplugs are no different from zero. The results of this study reveal that both right and left earplugs from the same baleen whale can be used in hormone analyses after Z-score normalization. This study also shows the importance of Z-score normalization to interpretation of results and methodologies associated with analysing long-term trends using whale earplugs.
Screen-detected atrial fibrillation predicts mortality in elderly subjects
Authors: Zink Matthias D , Mischke Karl G , Keszei Andras P , Rummey Christian , Freedman Ben , Neumann Gabriele , Tolksdorf Alina , Frank Friederike , Wienströer Jan , Kuth Nicole , Schulz Jörg B , Marx Nikolaus 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Aims
Current guidelines recommend opportunistic screening for atrial fibrillation (AF) but the prognosis of individuals is unclear. The aim of this investigation is to determine prevalence and 1-year outcome of individuals with screen-detected AF.

Methods and results
We performed a prospective, pharmacy-based single time point AF screening study in 7107 elderly citizens (≥65 years) using a hand-held, single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) device. Prevalence of AF was assessed, and data on all-cause death and hospitalization for cardiovascular (CV) causes were collected over a median follow-up of 401 (372; 435) days. Mean age of participants was 74 ± 5.9 years, with 58% (N = 4130) of female sex. Automated heart rhythm analyses identified AF in 432 (6.1%) participants, with newly diagnosed AF in 3.6% of all subjects. During follow-up, 62 participants (0.9%) died and 390 (6.0%) were hospitalized for CV causes. Total mortality was 2.3% in participants with a screen-detected AF and 0.8% in subjects with a normal ECG [hazard ratio (HR) 2.94; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.49–5.78; P = 0.002]; hospitalization for CV causes occurred in 10.6% and 5.5%, respectively (HR 2.08; 95% CI 1.52–2.84; P &lt; 0.001). Compared with subjects without a history of AF at baseline and a normal ECG, participants with newly diagnosed or known AF had a significantly higher mortality risk with HRs of 2.64 (95% CI 1.05–6.66; P = 0.04) and 2.68 (95% CI 1.44–4.97; P = 0.002), respectively. After multivariable adjustment, screen-detected AF remained a significant predictor of death or hospitalization for CV causes.

Conclusion
Pharmacy-based, automated AF screening in elderly citizens identified subjects with unknown AF and an excess mortality risk over the next year.
Time-lapse reconstruction of the fracture front from diffracted waves arrivals in laboratory hydraulic fracture experiments*
Authors: Liu Dong , Lecampion Brice , Blum Thomas 
Published: June 2020

Summary
4D acoustic imaging via an array of 32 sources / 32 receivers is used to monitor hydraulic fracture propagating in a 250 mm cubic specimen under a true-triaxial state of stress. We present a method based on the arrivals of diffracted waves to reconstruct the fracture geometry (and fluid front when distinct from the fracture front). Using Bayesian model selection, we rank different possible fracture geometries (radial, elliptical, tilted or not) and estimate model error. The imaging is repeated every 4 seconds and provide a quantitative measurement of the growth of these low velocity fractures. We test the proposed method on two experiments performed in two different rocks (marble and gabbro) under experimental conditions characteristic respectively of the fluid lag-viscosity (marble) and toughness (gabbro) dominated hydraulic fracture propagation regimes. In both experiments, about 150 to 200 source-receiver combinations exhibit clear diffracted wave arrivals. The results of the inversion indicate a radial geometry evolving slightly into an ellipse towards the end of the experiment when the fractures feel the specimen boundaries. The estimated modelling error with all models is of the order of the wave arrival picking error. Posterior estimates indicate an uncertainty of the order of a millimeter on the fracture front location for a given acquisition sequence. The reconstructed fracture evolution from diffracted waves is shown to be consistent with the analysis of 90○ incidence transmitted waves across the growing fracture.
The Detention of Migrant Children: A Comparative Study of the United States and Mexico
Authors: Lee Jennifer J , Ortega Velázquez Elisa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Detention facilities are no place for children who are irregular migrants. Yet both the United States (US) and Mexico have struggled with how to respond to the arrival of Central American children who are primarily fleeing violence. In these neighbouring countries, the detention of children reflects both an ineffective and misguided strategy to deter people from moving across their southern borders. This focus on border control is further reinforced by the US outsourcing of enforcement controls to Mexico. In the US, a preoccupation with border control can quickly undermine the purported interest of protecting migrant children because they lack the fundamental right to be free from detention. In Mexico, its role as a buffer State causes it to overlook its human rights, constitutional, and federal law commitments to the fundamental rights of children, while allowing practical obstacles to stand in the way of these legal obligations. This article examines how the political imperative of border control in the US influences the various approaches taken by the US and Mexico towards the detention of migrant children. It analyses the shortcomings and best practices of each system and concludes with recommended reforms that actualize the right of migrant children to be free from detention.
Artificial Intelligence: A Primer for Breast Imaging Radiologists
Authors: Bahl Manisha 
Published: June 2020

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science dedicated to developing computer algorithms that emulate intelligent human behavior. Subfields of AI include machine learning and deep learning. Advances in AI technologies have led to techniques that could increase breast cancer detection, improve clinical efficiency in breast imaging practices, and guide decision-making regarding screening and prevention strategies. This article reviews key terminology and concepts, discusses common AI models and methods to validate and evaluate these models, describes emerging AI applications in breast imaging, and outlines challenges and future directions. Familiarity with AI terminology, concepts, methods, and applications is essential for breast imaging radiologists to critically evaluate these emerging technologies, recognize their strengths and limitations, and ultimately ensure optimal patient care.