bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased risk of mortality and readmission associated with lower SF-12 scores in cardiac patients: Results from the national DenHeart study
Authors: Christensen Anne Vinggaard , Bjorner Jakob Bue , Ekholm Ola , Juel Knud , Thrysoee Lars , Borregaard Britt , Rasmussen Trine Bernholdt , Mols Rikke Elmose , Thorup Charlotte Brun , Berg Selina Kikkenborg 
Published: November 2019

Background:The SF-12v2 health survey (SF-12) is widely used as a generic measure of health-related quality of life. However, interpretation of score differences can be difficult.Aim:To estimate benchmarks for interpretation of score differences on the SF-12 for readmission and all-cause mortality in cardiac patients.Methods:Data from the DenHeart study, a national cross-sectional survey including one year follow-up register data, were used. Patients with ischaemic heart disease, arrhythmia, heart failure and heart valve disease answered the survey at hospital discharge. Cox proportional hazards models were used to regress readmission and all-cause mortality.Results:A total of 10,813 cardiac patients completed the SF-12. For patients with ischaemic heart disease and arrhythmia, a one point lower physical component summary score was associated with a 2% increase in risk in readmission (hazard ratio (HR) 1.022 (95% confidence interval 1.017;1.027) and HR 1.024 (1.018; 1.029), respectively) and a 3% increase in risk for patients with heart failure (HR 1.027 (1.015; 1.038)). A one point lower mental component summary score was associated with a 2% increase in the risk of readmission (HR 1.017 (1.013; 1.022)) across diagnoses. For both the physical and mental component summary score, a one point lower score meant a 5% increase in the risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.046 (1.031; 1.060) and HR 1.046 (1.029; 1.065), respectively) across diagnoses.Conclusion:In a large group of cardiac patients, a one point lower physical or mental component summary score was associated with an up to 3% increased risk of readmission and a 5% increased risk of mortality in the first year after discharge.
Experiences of Living With Primary Progressive Aphasia: A Scoping Review of Qualitative Studies
Authors: Davies Katharine , Howe Tami 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Understanding the experiences of people who live with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) can inform the development of appropriate speech-language pathology services for this population. This review aimed to summarize the qualitative research on the experience of living with PPA from the perspective of the individuals with the disorder and their families. Methods: A scoping review was conducted. Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Themes in the 3 investigations that focused on the individual’s perspective included adapting to overcome language difficulties and dealing with increased dependency. Themes identified in the 5 studies that highlighted the family’s perspective included observing and adapting to language, behavioral, and social communication changes; lack of awareness of PPA; control; and the impact of the historical relationship. Discussion: Experiences from the 2 perspectives differed. Further research is needed, particularly in relation to identifying the general experience of PPA from the perspective of individuals with the disorder.
Prognostic relevance of pericardial effusion in STEMI patients treated by primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a 10-year single-centre experience
Authors: Albani Stefano , Fabris Enrico , Stolfo Davide , Falco Luca , Barbati Giulia , Aquaro Giovanni Donato , Vitrella Giancarlo , Rakar Serena , Korcova Renata , Lardieri Gerardina , Giannini Francesco , Perkan Andrea , Sinagra Gianfranco 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Pericardial effusion is frequent in the acute phase of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. However, its prognostic role in the era of primary percutaneous coronary intervention is not completely understood.

Methods
We investigated the association between pericardial effusion, assessed by transthoracic echocardiography, and survival in a large cohort of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention, enrolled in the Trieste primary percutaneous coronary intervention registry from January 2007 to March 2017. Multivariable analysis and a propensity score approach were performed.

Results
A total of 1732 ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients were included. Median follow-up was 45 (interquartile range 19–79) months. Pericardial effusion was present in 246 patients (14.2%). Thirty-day all-cause mortality was similar between patients with and without pericardial effusion (7.8% vs. 5.4%, P=0.15), whereas crude long-term survival was worse in patients with pericardial effusion (26.2% vs. 17.7%, P≤0.01). However, at multivariable analyses the presence of pericardial effusion was not associated with long-term mortality (hazard ratio 1.26, 95% confidence interval 0.86–1.82, P=0.22). Matching based on propensity scores confirmed the lack of association between pericardial effusion and both 30-day (hazard ratio 1, 95% confidence interval 0.42–2.36, P=1) and long-term (hazard ratio 1.14, 95% confidence interval 0.74–1.78, P=0.53) all-cause mortality. Patients with per effusion experienced a higher incidence of free wall rupture (2.8% vs. 0.5%, P&lt;0.0001) independently of the entity of pericardial effusion.

Conclusions
In acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention, the onset of pericardial effusion after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is not independently associated with short and long-term higher mortality. Free wall rupture has to be considered rare compared to the fibrinolytic era and occurs more frequently in patients with pericardial effusion, suggesting a close monitoring of these patients in the early post-primary percutaneous coronary intervention phase.
Surgical Management of the Lumbar Spine in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Joo Peter , Ge Laurence , Mesfin Addisu 
Published: November 2019

Study Design: Narrative review. Objective: To provide an overview on the diagnosis and surgical management of rheumatoid involvement of the lumbar spine. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of synovial joints, most commonly appendicular followed by axial. Although cervical spine involvement of RA is well documented, data on lumbar spine involvement and surgical management remains limited. Methods: Using PubMed, studies published prior to November 2018 with the keywords “RA, etiology”; “RA, spine management”; “RA, surgical management”; “RA, treatment”; “RA, DMARDs”; “RA, lumbar spine”; “RA, spine surgical outcomes”; “RA, imaging” were evaluated. Results: The narrative review addresses the epidemiology, manifestations, imaging, surgical complications, and operative and nonoperative management of RA involvement of the lumbar spine. Conclusions: Rheumatoid involvement of the lumbar spine can present with lower back pain, neurogenic claudication, radiculopathy, spinal deformity, and instability. Patients with RA have significantly higher rates of vertebral fractures and complications following surgical intervention. However, in the setting of instability and spinal deformity, thoughtful surgical planning in conjunction with optimal medical management is recommended.
Organ transcriptomes of the lucinid clam Loripes orbiculatus (Poli, 1791) provide insights into their specialised roles in the biology of a chemosymbiotic bivalve
Authors: Yuen Benedict , Polzin Julia , Petersen Jillian M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe lucinid clamLoripes orbiculatuslives in a nutritional symbiosis with sulphur-oxidizing bacteria housed in its gills. Although our understanding of the lucinid endosymbiont physiology and metabolism has made significant progress, relatively little is known about how the host regulates the symbiosis at the genetic and molecular levels. We generated transcriptomes from fourL. orbiculatusorgans (gills, foot, visceral mass, and mantle) for differential expression analyses, to better understand this clam’s physiological adaptations to a chemosymbiotic lifestyle, and how it regulates nutritional and immune interactions with its symbionts.ResultsThe transcriptome profile of the symbiont-housing gill suggests the regulation of apoptosis and innate immunity are important processes in this organ. We also identified many transcripts encoding ion transporters from the solute carrier family that possibly allow metabolite exchange between host and symbiont. Despite the clam holobiont’s clear reliance on chemosynthesis, the clam’s visceral mass, which contains the digestive tract, is characterised by enzymes involved in digestion, carbohydrate recognition and metabolism, suggesting thatL. orbiculatushas a mixotrophic diet. The foot transcriptome is dominated by the biosynthesis of glycoproteins for the construction of mucus tubes, and receptors that mediate the detection of chemical cues in the environment.ConclusionsThe transcriptome profiles of gills, mantle, foot and visceral mass provide insights into the molecular basis underlying the functional specialisation of bivalve organs adapted to a chemosymbiotic lifestyle.
Standardized warfarin monitoring decreases adverse drug reactions
Authors: Shields Lisa B. E. , Fowler Paula , Siemens Diane M. , Lorenz Douglas J. , Wilson Kenneth C. , Hester Steven T. , Honaker Joshua T. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
While warfarin is the most commonly prescribed medication to prevent thromboembolic disorders, the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADR) poses a serious concern. This prospective study evaluated how primary care providers (PCP) and cardiologists at our Institution managed patients treated with warfarin with the goal of decreasing the number of warfarin ADRs.

Methods
A multidisciplinary anticoagulation task force was established at our Institution in 2014 to standardize warfarin monitoring and management. Between 2013 and 2017, we analyzed patients who were prescribed warfarin by their PCP or cardiologist upon hospital discharge and in the ambulatory setting to determine the international normalized ratio (INR) within 5, 10, and 30 days after discharge, time in therapeutic range (TTR), number of severe warfarin ADRs, and total and average cost reduction of all severe warfarin ADRs to determine whether there was an organizational cost savings following the implementation of standardized warfarin care.

Results
The warfarin ADR rate significantly decreased over the 5-year period, from 3.8 to 0.98% (p < 0.0001). The proportion of warfarin prescriptions out of all anticoagulants significantly decreased, from 72.2 to 42.1% (p < 0.001). The proportion of individuals who received an INR at 5, 10, and 30 days after hospital discharge compared to the total number of patients prescribed warfarin significantly increased (p < 0.001). The total cost of severe warfarin ADRs decreased by 57.6% between 2013 and 2017.

Conclusions
This study serves as a model to reduce the number of severe warfarin ADRs by the following tactics: (1) educating PCPs and cardiologists about evidence-based guidelines for warfarin management, (2) increasing the use of our Institution’s electronic warfarin module, and (3) enhancing patient compliance with obtaining INR.
Acute obstructive cholangitis due to fishbone in the common bile duct: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Yu Min , Huang Bowen , Lin Ye , Nie Yuxue , Zhou Zixuan , Liu Shanshan , Hou Baohua 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Choledocholithiasis is an endemic condition in the world. Although rare, foreign body migration with biliary complications needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis for patients presenting with typical symptoms even many years after cholecystectomy, EPCP, war-wound, foreign body ingestion or any other particular history before. It is of great clinical value as the present review may offer some help when dealing with choledocholithiasis caused by foreign bodies.

Case presentation
We reported a case of choledocholithiasis caused by fishbone from choledochoduodenal anastomosis regurgitation. Moreover, we showed up all the instances of choledocholithiasis caused by foreign bodies published until June 2018 and wrote the world’s first literature review of foreign bodies in the bile duct of 144 cases. The findings from this case suggest that the migration of fishbone can cause various consequences, one of these, as we reported here, is as a core of gallstone and a cause of choledocholithiasis.

Conclusion
The literature review declared the choledocholithiasis caused by foreign bodies prefer the wrinkly and mainly comes from three parts: postoperative complications, foreign body ingestion, and post-war complications such as bullet injury and shrapnel wound. The Jonckheere-Terpstra test indicated the ERCP was currently the treatment of choice. It is a very singular case of choledocholithiasis caused by fishbone, and the present review is the first one concerning choledocholithiasis caused by foreign bodies all over the world.
Surveillance study of the prevalence, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility, risk factors and mortality of invasive candidiasis in a tertiary teaching hospital in Southwest China
Authors: Zeng Zhang-rui , Tian Gang , Ding Yin-huan , Yang Kui , Liu Jin-bo , Deng Jian 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Invasive candidiasis (IC) is the most common invasive fungal infection. The epidemiology of IC in hospitalized patients has been widely investigated in many metropolitan cities; however, little information from medium and small cities is known.

Methods
A 5-year retrospective study was carried out to analyze the prevalence, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility, risk factors and mortality of inpatients with invasive Candida infection in a regional tertiary teaching hospital in Southwest China.

Results
A total of 243 inpatients with invasive Candida infection during the five-year study period were identified, with a mean annual incidence of 0.41 cases per 1000 admissions and a 30-day mortality rate of 12.3%. The species distributions of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis and other Candida species was 45.3, 30.0, 15.2, 4.9, 2.1 and 2.5%, respectively. The total resistance rates of fluconazole (FCA), itraconazole (ITR) and voriconazole (VRC) were 18.6, 23.1 and 18.5%, respectively. Respiratory dysfunction, pulmonary infection, cardiovascular disease, chronic/acute renal failure, mechanical ventilation, abdominal surgery, intensive care in adults, septic shock and IC due to C. albicans were associated with 30-day mortality (P < 0.05) according to the univariate analyses. Respiratory dysfunction [odds ratio (OR), 9.80; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.24–29.63; P < 0.001] and IC due to C. albicans (OR, 3.35; 95% CI, 1.13–9.92; P = 0.029) were the independent predictors of 30-day mortality.

Conclusions
This report shows that the incidence and mortality rates are lower and that the resistance rates to azoles are higher in medium and small cities than in large cities and that the species distributions and risk factors in medium and small cities are different from those in large cities in China. It is necessary to conduct epidemiological surveillance in medium and small cities to provide reference data for the surveillance of inpatients with IC infections.
A NADE nomogram to predict the probability of 6-month unfavorable outcome in Chinese patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Sun Chao , Li Xiang , Song Baili , Chen Xiangliang , Nyame Linda , Liu Yukai , Tang Dan , Ibrahim Mako , Zhao Zheng , Liu Chao , Yan Miao , Pan Xiding , Yang Jie , Zhou Junshan , Zou Jianjun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Early prediction of unfavorable outcome after ischemic stroke is of great significance to the clinical and therapeutic management. A nomogram is a better visual tool than earlier models and prognostic scores to predict clinical outcomes, which incorporates different factors to develop a graphic continuous scoring system and calculates accurately the risk probability of poor outcome entirely based on individual characteristics. However, to date, no nomogram models have been found to predict the probability of 6-month poor outcome after ischemic stroke. We aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for individualized prediction of the probability of 6-month unfavorable outcome in Chinese patients with ischemic stroke.

Methods
Based on the retrospective stroke registry, a single-center study which included 499 patients from May, 2013 to May, 2018 was conducted in Nanjing First Hospital (China) for ischemic stroke within 12 h of symptoms onset. The main outcome measure was 6-month unfavorable outcome (mRS > 2). To generate the nomogram, NIHSS score on admission, Age, previous Diabetes mellitus and crEatinine (NADE) were integrated into the model. We assessed the discriminative performance by using the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration of risk prediction model by using the Hosmer–Lemeshow test.

Results
A visual NADE nomogram was constructed that NIHSS score on admission (OR: 1.190, 95%CI: 1.125–1.258), age (OR: 1.068, 95%CI: 1.045–1.090), previous diabetes mellitus (OR: 1.995, 95%CI: 1.236–3.221) and creatinine (OR: 1.010, 95%CI: 1.002–1.018) were found to be significant predictors of 6-month unfavorable outcome after acute ischemic stroke in Chinese patients. The AUC–ROC of nomogram was 0.791. Calibration was good (p = 0.4982 for the Hosmer–Lemeshow test).

Conclusion
The NADE is the first nomogram developed and validated in Chinese ischemic stroke patients to provide an individual, visual and precise prediction of the risk probability of 6-month unfavorable outcome.
Psychosocial and obstetric determinants of women signalling distress during Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) screening in Sydney, Australia
Authors: Khanlari Sarah , Eastwood John , Barnett Bryanne , Naz Sabrina , Ogbo Felix Akpojene 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background and objectives
The perinatal period presents a high-risk time for development of mood disorders. Australia-wide universal perinatal care, including depression screening, make this stage amenable to population-level preventative approaches. In a large cohort of women receiving public perinatal care in Sydney, Australia, we examined: (1) the psychosocial and obstetric determinants of women who signal distress on EPDS screening (scoring 10–12) compared with women with probable depression (scoring 13 or more on EPDS screening); and (2) the predictive ability of identifying women experiencing distress during pregnancy in classifying women at higher risk of probable postnatal depression.

Methods
We analysed routinely collected perinatal data from all live-births within public health facilities from two health districts in Sydney, Australia (N = 53,032). Perinatal distress was measured using the EPDS (scores of 10–12) and probable perinatal depression was measured using the EPDS (scores of 13 or more). Logistic regression models that adjusted for confounding variables were used to investigate a range of psychosocial and obstetric determinants and perinatal distress and depression.

Results
Eight percent of this cohort experienced antenatal distress and about 5 % experienced postnatal distress. Approximately 6 % experienced probable antenatal depression and 3 % experienced probable postnatal depression. Being from a culturally and linguistically diverse background (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.8–2.3, P < 0.001), a lack of partner support (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI 2.3–3.7) and a maternal history of childhood abuse (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.6–2.3) were associated with antenatal distress. These associations were similar in women with probable antenatal depression. Women who scored 10 to12 on antenatal EPDS assessment had a 4.5 times higher odds (95% CI 3.4–5.9, P < 0.001) of experiencing probable postnatal depression compared with women scoring 9 or less.

Conclusion
Antenatal distress is more common than antenatal depressive symptoms and postnatal distress or depression. Antenatal maternal distress was associated with probable postnatal depression. Scale properties of the EPDS allows risk-stratification of women in the antenatal period, and earlier intervention with preventively focused programs. Prevention of postnatal depression could address a growing burden of illness and long-term complications for mothers and their infants.
Choroidal vascular changes in internal carotid artery stenosis: a retrospective cohort study in Chinese population
Authors: Li Shuang , Lang Xuqiang , Wang Wei , Yang Yang , Wang Jingjing , Li Hongyang , Wang Yanling , Wang Kang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
To evaluate choroidal vascularity index (CVI) in eyes with internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis using binarization tool in enhanced depth images scanned by spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 142 patients with ICA stenosis, and 20 normal control subjects matched with the age, sex, etc. According to the diagnostic criteria, the participants are divided into a normal control group (20 cases), a mild stenosis group (64 cases), a moderate stenosis group (61 cases), and a severe stenosis group (17 cases). Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDIOCT) was performed to scan macular fovea, which was separated into a luminal area and a stromal area using image binarization. The choroidal vascularity index (CVI) is luminal area divided by total choroidal area.

Results
There was no statistical difference in age or sex among groups. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) in the severe stenosis group was significantly lower than that in the normal group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the CVI in moderate stenosis group and severe stenosis group were significantly lower compared with the normal control group (P < 0.001). When CVI = 65.16% was set as the cut-off value, all 162 subjects could be divided into two groups, CVI ≤ 65.16 (n = 83) and CVI > 65.16% (n = 79). The proportions of mild stenosis, moderate stenosis, and severe stenosis in CVI ≤ 65 .16 group and CVI > 65.16% group were statistically significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
CVI may be a useful indicator for early diagnosis and monitoring of choroidal vascular changes in ICA stenosis.