bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EXIT — Wirtszellaustritt intrazellulärer Pathogene
Authors: Bennink Sandra , Pradel Gabriele 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLiving inside of host cells offers major advantages for human pathogens, like nutrient accessibility or the escape from the host’s immune system. However, host cell exit is mandatory for further progression and propagation of the pathogen. Three pathways of tightly regulated host cell exit have been described, of which one or more are exploited by intracellular organisms. As this step is an optimal target for drug development, the investigation of exit mechanisms is of great interest.
Die chemische Sprache von Symbiosen sichtbar machen
Authors: Geier Benedikt , Liebeke Manuel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSmall molecules — metabolites — provide the basis for chemical interactions between hosts and microbes. Especially in animal-microbe symbioses, the close physical interactions require a spatial organization of cells and their metabolites. Correlative mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) and fluorescence microscopy provide powerful tools to address the technical challenge of linking metabolite production to symbiont and host cells in mixed communities and study spatial metabolomes of symbioses in situ.
Patientenantikörper als Informationsquelle
Authors: Falk Fabian , Zhou Zekun , Klinkusch Andreas , Weber Laura , Breitling Frank 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSince decades antibodies are used for diagnosis e. g. by detecting patient antibodies that specifically bind to Influenza virus proteins. We predict these diagnostic questions will be parallelized to diagnose all known disease specific antibodies at once. These tests will ask in addition, which unknown antibodies patrol in a patient’s blood, and what exactly they bind to. Thereby, we expect to find antibody species that correlate to hitherto enigmatic diseases or have specialized functions.
Parallele positive pressure-Festphasen-extraktion — eine Übersicht
Authors: Thurow Kerstin , Bach Anna , Junginger Steffen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSolid phase extraction has become the most frequently used method in sample preparation. A significant advantage of solid phase extraction is the significantly lower solvent consumption, which has a positive effect both in terms of costs and environmentally relevant aspects. SPE-based sample preparation processes are characterized by a large number of different sub-processes. For the processing of large numbers of samples, in particular, the automation of this process is ideal in terms of throughput, minimizing processing times and reducing costs.
Android positioning: from stand-alone to cooperative approaches
Authors: Gioia Ciro , Borio Daniele 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe request for continuous and accurate localization in most diverse environments is growing: a possible solution is the use of location information retrieved by smartphones. For Android devices, Global Navigation Satellite System-based positioning is one of the main localization source, but in some environments GNSS signals can be blocked or affected by multipath. In these circumstances, the navigation solution may experience severe degradation. The presence of multiple outliers and their exclusion can cause a significant reduction of the satellite geometry. A possible solution is the identification of blunders and the replacement of such measurements with observables provided by a nearby device. The merging of measurements from different devices is an open challenge that is addressed in this work. This paper analyzes three smartphone GNSS-based cooperative positioning approaches: Direct Measurement Sharing, where the aiding device provides its raw observations to the aided smartphone; Augmented Measurement Sharing, where clock parameters and their accuracy are shared along with the raw observables; Corrected Measurement Sharing CMS, where corrected observables are adopted. Specifically, measurements of the aiding device are at first corrected for the clock bias. The methods have been validated using static and kinematic real data: tests were performed using devices from three manufacturers with different versions of the Operating System (OS). From the tests, the effectiveness of the proposed methods is demonstrated and the benefits of the combined solutions with respect to the single device solutions are shown.
Negative Prognostic Implication of TERT Promoter Mutations in Human Papillomavirus–Negative Tonsillar Squamous Cell Carcinoma Under the New 8th AJCC Staging System
Authors: Kim Hyunchul , Kwon Mi Jung , Park Bumjung , Choi Hyo Geun , Nam Eun Sook , Cho Seong Jin , Min Kyueng-Whan , Kim Eun Soo , Hwang Hee Sung , Hong Mineui , Koo Taeryool , Kim Hyo Jung 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTelomerase reverse transcriptase gene promoter (TERTp) mutation is a potential candidate for pathogenesis and therapeutic target of tonsillar squamous cell carcinomas (TSCCs) in association with human papillomavirus (HPV). Their clinical relevance has not been validated under the new 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system. We analyzed real-time peptide nucleic acid–mediated PCR and sequencing methods (TERTp mutation) and real-time PCR-based assay (HPV) in 80 surgically resected TSCCs. The 8th edition staging system improved the stratification of the early and advanced stages and between T or N categories for overall survival over the 7th edition. TERTp mutation was found in 7.5%, and HPV in 80.0% of the patients. The majority (83.3%) of TERTp mutation cases were HPV-positive TSCCs. Applying the 8th edition staging system, TERTp mutation was an independent factor of poor prognosis for disease-free survival (DFS) in TSCC patients, supporting the clinical significance of TERTp mutation in tonsil cancer. TERTp mutations were also negatively correlated with overall survival and DFS in HPV-negative TSCCs. Conclusively, TERTp mutation provides negative prognostic impact on survival of surgically managed tonsil cancers staged with the AJCC 8th edition.
Differentiating Benign from Malignant Adrenocortical Tumors by a Single Morphological Parameter—a Clinicopathological Study on 837 Adrenocortical Neoplasias
Authors: Walz Martin K. , Metz Klaus A. , Theurer Sarah , Myland Cathrin , Alesina Pier F. , Schmid Kurt W. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe morphological differentiation between benign and malignant adrenocortical tumors is an ongoing problem in diagnostic pathology. In recent decades the complex scoring systems have been widely used to calculate the probability of malignancy in adrenocortical tumors on the basis of a variety of histomorphological parameters. We herewith present a substantially simplified method to diagnose adrenocortical carcinoma by a single histomorphological parameter on a consecutive series of more than 800 adrenocortical tumors. Between January 2000 and May 2019, altogether 2305 adrenalectomies for of all types of diseases were removed, approximately 98% by minimally invasive approaches. After exclusion of pheochromocytomas, adrenal ganglioneuromas, adrenal metastases, Cushing’s disease related specimens, and Conn’s adenomas, the present series finally consisted of 837 adrenocortical tumors. All tumors were analyzed by experienced pathologists of a single institution using standard histopathological methods (Hematoxylin-Eosin and Ki67 stained sections). Clinical and histopathologic data were prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed. Clinically, 385 patients had 420 functioning tumors (FT), and 417 had non-functioning adrenal tumors (NFT). The mean size of FT was 3.8 ± 1.4 cm (range 0.5–16 cm) and for NFT 4.5 ± 1.6 cm (range 1.5–18 cm). Histomorphologically, 32 adrenal tumors were classified as adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC; 3.8%). In all 32 cases (tumor size 9.1 ± 4.0 cm, range 3–18 cm), confluenting tumor necrosis could be demonstrated. The remaining 805 tumors (control group) completely lacked this highly reproducible single morphological feature. Ki67 levels above 10% were found in 31 of 32 ACCs and never in adrenocortical adenomas (ACA). With a mean follow-up of 8.2 years, 24 out of 32 patients primarily diagnosed as ACC developed distant metastases (75.0%), whereas all patients in the control group remained free of local or distant recurrence. We conclude that a single morphological parameter (confluenting tumor necrosis) is sufficient to predict a poor clinical course in adrenocortical tumors. The histomorphological diagnosis of this parameter is straightforward and highly reproducible.
A comparative risk assessment of dialysis care processes in the home and hospital care contexts
Authors: Chemweno Peter , Pintelon Liliane 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDialysis processes within the home care context is associated with risk factors which are not very prominent in the hospital context. This includes risk factors such as unanticipated device malfunction, or erroneous operation of the equipment, which exposes the patient to injury while undergoing dialysis. Importantly, the mentioned risk factors are further attributed to technical aspects such as sub-optimal equipment maintenance or following improper clinical procedures when administering care to the patient. Hence, it is important to follow a methodological approach to identify and assess hazards embedded within the dialysis treatment process, and on this basis, formulate effective strategies to mitigate their negative consequences on patient safety. This paper presents a comparative risk assessment for in-hospital versus in-home dialysis care. For the two cases, the risk assessment considers expertise of care givers involved in administering dialysis. The findings show that performing risk assessment for hospital environment, is more structured owing to expertise of clinicians and care givers responsible for administering dialysis. However, assessing risks for the home-care environment is more challenging owing to absence of domain knowledge, hence a survey approach to structure the risk assessment process is necessary. Moreover, risks in the home care context is influenced by logistical aspects, and lack of domain knowledge for maintaining dialysis equipment. Overall, insights from the comparative studies yields important learning points expected to improve dialysis care as more healthcare providers transfer care to the home environment.
Efficacy of Terminalia arjuna mature leaf powder and Phyllanthus emblica bark powder to reduce nitrate: N and total hardness in groundwater in karstified limestone aquifer
Authors: Wijeyaratne W. M. Dimuthu Nilmini , Shanthamareen M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGroundwater is a vital resource in the northern region of Sri Lanka, as it is the only water resource used for domestic, agricultural and industrial activities in that area. However, due to excessive usage of synthetic fertilizer, the groundwater in this part of the country is highly contaminated with nitrates. In addition, due to the effect of underlain limestone aquifer, water hardness is also high. The present study aimed to study the effect of filtration through Terminalia arjuna mature leaf powder and Phyllanthus emblica bark powder on reducing nitrate concentration and hardness. The results indicated that 21.4% reduction of nitrate concentration can be achieved by filtration through Terminalia arjuna mature leaf powder and 9.3% reduction of total hardness by filtration through Phyllanthus emblica bark powder. Therefore, further research is recommended on testing the potential and side effects of using Terminalia arjuna mature leaf powder and Phyllanthus emblica bark powder as a combined home remedial treatment technique for treating nitrate contaminated hard water.
Arsenic removal using Prosopis spicigera L. wood (PsLw) carbon–iron oxide composite
Authors: DhanaRamalakshmi Ramasubbu , Murugan Mahalingam , Jeyabal Vincent 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe present manuscript reports the removal of arsenic from aqueous solution using iron oxide composite of carbon derived from the plant material Prosopis spicigera L. wood which depletes the ground water of ponds, lakes and other water bodies. The adsorbent was characterised by Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscope for surface analysis; Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and methylene blue method for surface area determination and pHzpc for surface charge determination. Experimental conditions such as pH, contact time, adsorbate initial concentration and in the presence other ions are varied to study the batch adsorption equilibrium experiment. The adsorption process was tested with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model and Langmuir isotherm was best suited. Sorption kinetics was analysed with pseudo-first- and second-order kinetics but adsorption follows second order kinetics. For an initial concentration of 60 mg/L of As(III) ions, adsorption capacity was found to be 83.84 mg/g at pH = 6.0. Thermodynamically the adsorption process is spontaneous, feasible and endothermic in nature. Adsorption involves pore diffusion, external mass transfer and complex formation. Column study was performed to apply this process for large scale treatment.
Application of Heating Type Micro-Assembly Device in Two-Photon Micromachining
Authors: Xia Jintao , Ding Afei , Wang Pan , Wang Hang , Gu Yinwei , Tao Weidong , Wang Gang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe development of micro-fabrication and micro-assembly technology is indispensable for the future manufacturing of miniaturized, functional, and integrated devices. This paper proposes a planar micro-assembly technology to make the assembly of micro-objects easier. Firstly, delicate three-dimensional (3D) structures were fabricated on glass and silicon slice substrates using femtosecond laser two-photon polymerization (2PP). Secondly, transparent fluorescent scintillation ceramic powder, referred to as fluorescent powder, was assembled using a laboratory-made 3D moving heating micro-operator into a microstructure on a glass substrate, and this device is used to assemble the graphene powder into the microstructure on the silicon slice substrate. The fluorescence spectra and Raman spectra characterizations of the fluorescent powder and graphene powder in the microstructure were carried out by using excitation light at 405 nm and 532 nm, respectively. According to the above results, it can be concluded that the powder properties of the fluorescent powder and graphene powder assembled into the microstructure were not changed. The experimental device could not only assemble many micron-sized powder materials into hollow microstructures of arbitrary shape but also joined microstructures with different materials and characteristics to form a complex hybrid microstructure system.
Structural condition assessment of reinforced-concrete bridges based on acoustic emission and strain measurements
Authors: Bayane Imane , Brühwiler Eugen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA reliable novel monitoring approach is developed to assess the structural condition of reinforced-concrete bridge elements. The approach is based on combining acoustic emission technique and strain gauge measurements, and it is illustrated by a case study of a composite steel–concrete viaduct in service since 1957. Monitoring was performed on its reinforced-concrete deck slab under traffic and environmental loading for one year. The monitoring setup and procedure are presented. The variation of acoustic emission signals is evaluated regarding strain and temperature measurements. Parametric study, pencil-break test, statistical analysis, crack classification and b-value analysis are performed to assess the structural condition. The acoustic emission activity of the reinforced-concrete slab is evaluated for 1 year under operational conditions. From the monitoring approach, it was possible to identify the nature of the cracking activity in the concrete slab as a function of traffic loading and temperature and to assess in time the condition of the slab-girder connection.
Pollination effectiveness of European honeybee, Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae), in an Oriental persimmon, Diospyros kaki (Ericales: Ebenaceae), orchard
Authors: Nakamura Shoko , Yamamoto Shunsuke , Sawamura Nobuo , Nikkeshi Aoi , Kishi Shigeki , Kamo Tsunashi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMost common cultivars of Oriental (or Japanese) persimmon, Diospyros kaki Thunb. (Ericales: Ebenaceae), set mostly female flowers and require pollen from male flowers of other cultivars for pollination. Growers often introduce the European honeybee, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), into their orchards to promote pollination. Here, we investigated the pollination effectiveness of A. mellifera for D. kaki ‘Saijo,’ by monitoring flower visitors, analyzing pollen grains on bees’ body surfaces, and comparing the number of mature seeds in fruits among years with different pollinator availabilities. Apis mellifera and the bumblebee Bombus ardens ardens Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were the major visitors for 3 years, although their dominance varied among years. The number of mature seeds was positively correlated with the number of B. ardens ​ardens visiting D. kaki flowers, but not with that of A. mellifera. Apis mellifera might be less efficient because visitors to female flowers carried significantly fewer pollen grains on their body surfaces than those of B. ardens ​ardens. Analysis of pollen loads of honeybees captured at their nest entrance suggested their preference for red clover, Trifolium pratense L. (Fabales: Fabaceae), and Toxicodendron spp. (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), over D. kaki as a pollen source in our study site. The effectiveness of A. mellifera on D. kaki pollination should be carefully evaluated considering the effects of coexisting floral and pollinator species.
Current developments in German pension schemes: What are the benefits of the new target pension?
Authors: Chen An , Rach Manuel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe analyze the newly introduced German occupational pension scheme called target pension (“Zielrente”), which links the beneficiaries’ benefits during the retirement phase to the mortality experienced among the pension beneficiaries and the performance of the financial market, from a pension beneficiary’s perspective. We model the contract payoffs related to the target pension according to the new enhancement law on German occupational law. Specifically, we include two parameters in the plan design, one to control the surplus participation and one to control the loss participation. These parameters are chosen in such a way that the initial wealth of the retiree equals the initial value of the target pension. With the help of expected lifetime utility and wealth equivalent, we find that the target pension provides a meaningful supplement to the first and third pillar. Further, we find some comparative advantages of the target pension over the traditional pure defined benefit and some defined contribution plans from a policyholder’s point of view. Our analysis with reasonable parameter choices shows that target pension plans can be outperformed by defined contribution plans with variable annuities, while the latter are accompanied by a considerably higher ruin probability.
Narrow pasts and futures: how frames of sustainability transformation limit societal change
Authors: Priebe Janina , Mårald Erland , Nordin Annika 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTwo frames dominate present-day interpretations of sustainability and approaches to sustainability transformation in national and global policy arenas. One frame relates to transformation in global environmental governance that promotes goal-oriented agendas. The other frame relates to earth system sciences where sustainability transformation means breaking the devastating trends of the Anthropocene. In this paper, we examine the historical and cultural underpinnings of these two frames, each invoking particular relations and approaches to sustainability transformation. Our contribution is to discuss the role of the past in these frames and to illuminate how current outlooks toward the future still rely on principles that emerged in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Europe and thus hinder alternative approaches to transformation in the present.
Common fixed point iterations for a class of multi-valued mappings in $$\mathbf {CAT}(0)$$ spaces
Authors: Saleh Khairul , Fukhar-ud-din Hafiz 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this work, we propose an iterative scheme to approach common fixed point(s) of a finite family of generalized multi-valued nonexpansive mappings in a CAT(0) space. We establish and prove convergence theorems for the algorithm. The results are new and interesting in the theory of $$CAT\left( 0\right) $$

C
A
T

0

spaces and are the analogues of corresponding ones in uniformly convex Banach spaces and Hilbert spaces.
A meshfree generalized finite difference method for solution mining processes
Authors: Michel Isabel , Seifarth Tobias , Kuhnert Jörg , Suchde Pratik 
Published: September 2020

AbstractExperimental and field investigations for solution mining processes have improved intensely in recent years. Due to today’s computing capacities, three-dimensional simulations of potential salt solution caverns can further enhance the understanding of these processes. They serve as a “virtual prototype” of a projected site and support planning in reasonable time. In this contribution, we present a meshfree generalized finite difference method (GFDM) based on a cloud of numerical points that is able to simulate solution mining processes on microscopic and macroscopic scales, which differ significantly in both the spatial and temporal scales. Focusing on anticipated industrial requirements, Lagrangian and Eulerian formulations including an Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) approach are considered.
Lessons for the clinical nephrologist: recurrence of nephrotic syndrome induced by SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Doevelaar Adrian A. N. , Hölzer Bodo , Seibert Felix S. , Bauer Frederic , Stervbo Ulrik , Rohn Benjamin J. , Zgoura Panagiota , Schenker Peter , Vonbrunn Eva , Amann Kerstin , Viebahn Richard , Babel Nina , Westhoff Timm H. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 is characterized by a multiorgan tropism including the kidneys. Recent autopsy series indicated that SARS-CoV-2 can infect both tubular and glomerular cells. Whereas tubular cell infiltration may contribute to acute kidney injury, data on a potential clinical correlative to glomerular affection is rare. We describe the first case of nephrotic syndrome in the context of COVID-19 in a renal transplant recipient. A 35 year old male patient received a kidney allograft for primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Three months posttransplant a recurrence of podocytopathy was successfully managed by plasma exchange, ivIG, and a conversion from tacrolimus to belatacept (initial proteinuria > 6 g/l decreased to 169 mg/l). Six weeks later he was tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and developed a second increase of proteinuria (5.6 g/l). Renal allograft biopsy revealed diffuse podocyte effacement and was positive for SARS-CoV-2 in RNA in-situ hybridation indicating a SARS-CoV-2 associated recurrence of podocytopathy. Noteworthy, nephrotic proteinuria resolved spontaneously after recovering from COVID-19. The present case expands the spectrum of renal involvement in COVID-19 from acute tubular injury to podocytopathy in renal transplant recipients. Thus, it may be wise to test for SARS-CoV-2 prior to initiation of immunosuppression in new onset glomerulopathy during the pandemic.