bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L−Lysine Amino Acid Adsorption on Zeolite L: a Combined Synchrotron, X‐Ray and Neutron Diffraction Study
Authors: Beltrami Giada , Martucci Annalisa , Pasti Luisa , Chenet Tatiana , Ardit Matteo , Gigli Lara , Cescon Mirco , Suard Emmanuelle 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCombined neutron and X‐ray powder diffraction techniques highlighted the sorption capacity of the acidic L zeolite towards the L‐lysine amino acid. The role of zeolite channels in the stabilization of the lysine absorbed and the effect of water on protein structure are elucidated at atomistic level. The stabilization of the L α‐helical conformation is related to strong H‐bonds between the tail aminogroups of lysine molecules and the Brønsted acid site as well as to complex intermolecular H‐bond system between water molecules, zeolite and amino acid. This finding is relevant in the catalytic synthesis of polypeptide, as well as in industrial biotechnology by qualitatively predicting binding behaviour
Allopurinol use during pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia maintenance therapy safely corrects skewed 6‐mercaptopurine metabolism, improving inadequate myelosuppression and reducing gastrointestinal toxicity
Authors: Cohen Gordon , Cooper Stacy , Sison Edward Allan , Annesley Colleen , Bhuiyan Mariam , Brown Patrick 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundInadequate myelosuppression during maintenance therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is associated with an increased risk of relapse. One mechanism is skewed metabolism of 6‐mercaptopurine (6MP), a major component of maintenance therapy, which results in preferential formation of the hepatotoxic metabolite (6‐methyl mercaptopurine [6MMP]) with low levels of the antileukemic metabolite, 6‐thioguanine nucleotides (6TGN). Allopurinol can modify 6MP metabolism to favor 6TGN production and reduce 6MMP.MethodsPatients in maintenance were considered for allopurinol treatment who had the following features: (a) Grade ≥3 hepatotoxicity; (b) Grade ≥2 nonhepatic gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity; or (c) persistently elevated absolute neutrophil count (ANC) despite >150% protocol dosing of oral chemotherapy.ResultsFrom 2013 to 2017, 13 ALL patients received allopurinol: nine for hepatotoxicity, five for inadequate myelosuppression, and three for nonhepatic GI toxicity (four met multiple criteria). Allopurinol was well tolerated, without significant adverse events. Allopurinol resulted in a significant decrease in the average 6MMP/6TGN ratio (mean reduction 89.1, P = .0001), with a significant increase in 6TGN (mean 550.4, P = .0008) and a significant decrease in 6MMP (mean 13 755, P = .0013). Patients with hepatotoxicity had a significant decrease in transaminase elevation after starting allopurinol (alanine transaminase [ALT] mean decrease 22.1%, P = .02), and all with nonhepatic GI toxicity had improved symptoms. Those with inadequate myelosuppression had a significant increase in the time with ANC in goal (mean increase 26.4%, P = .0004).ConclusionsAllopurinol during ALL maintenance chemotherapy is a safe, feasible, and effective intervention for those who have altered metabolism of 6MP causing toxicity or inadequate myelosuppression.
Guidance regarding COVID‐19 for survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer: A statement from the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group
Authors: Verbruggen Lisanne C. , Wang Yuehan , Armenian Saro H. , Ehrhardt Matthew J. , van der Pal Helena J.H. , van Dalen Elvira C. , van As Jorrit W. , Bardi Edit , Baust Katja , Berger Claire , Castagnola Elio , Devine Katie A. , Gebauer Judith , Marchak Jordan Gilleland , Glaser Adam W. , Groll Andreas H. , Haeusler Gabrielle M. , den Hartogh Jaap , Haupt Riccardo , Hjorth Lars , Kato Miho , Kepák Tomáš , Koopman Maria M.W. (Rianne) , Langer Thorsten , Maeda Miho , Michel Gisela , Muraca Monica , Nathan Paul C. , van den Oever Selina R. , Pavasovic Vesna , Sato Satomi , Schulte Fiona , Sung Lillian , Tissing Wim , Uyttebroeck Anne , Mulder Renée L. , Kuehni Claudia , Skinner Roderick , Hudson Melissa M. , Kremer Leontien C.M. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractChildhood, adolescent, and young adult (CAYA) cancer survivors may be at risk for a severe course of COVID‐19. Little is known about the clinical course of COVID‐19 in CAYA cancer survivors, or if additional preventive measures are warranted. We established a working group within the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group (IGHG) to summarize existing evidence and worldwide recommendations regarding evidence about factors/conditions associated with risk for a severe course of COVID‐19 in CAYA cancer survivors, and to develop a consensus statement to provide guidance for healthcare practitioners and CAYA cancer survivors regarding COVID‐19.
Effect of molecular weight and isotacticity distribution on hard elastic polypropylene cast films and membranes
Authors: Xu Guan , Ding Lei , Wu Tong , Yang Feng , Xiang Ming 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, polypropylene with different molecular structures was selected to clarify the relationship between the molecular structure and crystal structure during the extrusion of the dry process. The pore formation process was further investigated. The test results of thermal analysis, two‐dimensional wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, two‐dimensional small‐angle X‐ray scattering and SEM show that the isotacticity distribution has a greater influence on the crystal structure than the molecular weight. The molecular weight mainly promotes the orientation of the crystalline phase; the isotacticity distribution influences both the orientation and the size of the lamellae. High molecular weight is not conducive to pore formation during stretching because of plenty of molecular entanglements between lamellae, while a narrow isotacticity distribution with longer average isotactic segment length can increase the thickness and the lateral dimension of lamellae, and the orientation of the cast film. Consequently, abundant micropores can form by the direct separation of row‐nucleating lamellae. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry
Analysis for nonradiative recombination loss and radiation degradation of Si space solar cells
Authors: Yamaguchi Masafumi , Lee Kan‐Hua , Araki Kenji , Kojima Nobuaki , Okuno Yasuki , Imaizumi Mitsuru 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSilicon space solar cells are currently attracting attention again for their relatively low‐cost feature with sufficient performance, and they are expected to resume into the space market especially by short‐term mission spacecraft designers. In this paper, efficiency potential of crystalline Si space solar cells is analyzed by considering external radiative efficiency (ERE), voltage and fill factor losses. Crystalline Si space solar cells have efficiency potential of more than 26% by realizing ERE of 20% from about 0.2% and normalized resistance of less than 0.05 from around 0.15. Nonradiative recombination and resistance losses in Si space solar cells are also discussed. Radiation degradation of Si space solar cells is also analyzed. Advanced Si solar cells such as passivated emitter, hetero‐junction, and back contact solar cells are expected to use as space solar cells. Potential of advanced Si solar cells for space applications is discussed from point view of radiation degradation.
The shapes of wine and table grape leaves: An ampelometric study inspired by the methods of Pierre Galet
Authors: Chitwood Daniel H. 
Published: September 2020

Societal Impact StatementLeaf shapes are critical to the identification of grapevine varieties. Historically, measures of grapevine leaves were used to enforce appellation law and leaf shape is used to this day to distinguish economically important clones that genetic analyses fail to discriminate. The ampelometry (“vine” + “process of measuring”) of Pierre Galet (1921‐2019), through quantitative measurements and hand‐drawings, illuminated the beauty of grapevine diversity for the world. Here, mathematical methods rigorously quantifying hand‐drawings of grapevine leaves are presented, with implications for how we document and preserve the stunning diversity of plants we so readily see with our eyes.Summary

People have an innate ability to recognize different patterns in among plants. Quantifying these differences, that we assimilate so effortlessly with our senses, is more challenging. Grapevines are a special case in which leaf shape has been critical to identify varieties correctly. The distinct morphology of grapevine leaves lends itself to the application of mathematical approaches that quantify shape.

Here, corresponding points on every grapevine leaf (landmarks) and equidistant points between landmarks (pseudo‐landmarks) were used to capture intricate, local features in grapevine leaves: the curvature of veins, lobes, and sinuses and the shapes of serrations. Using these points, averaged leaf shapes for 60 varieties of wine and table grapes were calculated that quantify shape to the same resolution as hand drawings.

The overall morphological similarity of each variety to the other classified the leaves into two discrete groups: (i) deeply lobed and (ii) more entire—corresponding to the measurements of sinus depth put forward by the ampelographer Pierre Galet. Using the system of Galet, landmarks, and pseudo‐landmarks were converted into relative distance and angle measurements. Using a high number of landmarks and pseudolandmarks increased the accuracy of predicting variety correctly, compared to using a finite number of landmarks alone.

The ability to identify correctly a vine variety from leaf shape will have significant implications for the wine industry, from ensuring correct scion and rootstock plantings in vineyards, to enforcing appellation law to discerning clones that are genetically indistinguishable.
Interfacing DNA and Polydopamine Nanoparticles and Its Applications
Authors: Zandieh Mohamad , Hagar Blake M. , Liu Juewen 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPolydopamine (PDA) is polymerized from dopamine under oxidative and basic conditions. PDA is a biocompatible material with great versatility for coating various surfaces and it can also form nanoparticles. DNA oligonucleotides are highly stable, and they can recognize a diverse range of molecules from complementary nucleic acids, proteins to small molecules and metal ions. To enhance the molecular recognition function of PDA, it is interfaced with DNA and the conjugates have achieved a wide range of applications in biomedical and analytical science. In this review, the chemistry of some catecholamines, including dopamine and PDA, is first briefly introduced and variables in the PDA synthesis are highlighted. Strategies to promote DNA adsorption on PDA are then discussed including the use of low pH and polyvalent metal ions. In addition, covalent attachment of DNA to PDA can be achieved by using amino or thiol‐modified DNA, forming highly stable conjugates. The specific applications of PDA–DNA conjugate are also delineated, including DNA extraction, biosensing, intracellular delivery, and DNA origami. Finally, some problems in the field are discussed, along with a few future research opportunities.
Characterizing e‐cigarette vaping‐associated lung injury in the pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Reddy Anireddy , Jenssen Brian P. , Chidambaram Ambika , Yehya Nadir , Lindell Robert B. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveAdolescent e‐cigarette use has risen to epidemic levels in the US, revealing a new phenomenon of e‐cigarette vaping‐associated lung injury (EVALI). It is important to better characterize EVALI in critically ill adolescents as this is a vulnerable and rapidly growing demographic.MethodsThis was a retrospective case series of patients ≤21 years old with confirmed or probable EVALI (as defined by the Centers for Disease Control) that resulted in admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a large tertiary academic children's hospital between August 2019 and January 2020.ResultsThere were six eligible patients, with a median age of 17 years. All patients reported tetrahydrocannabinol as well as nicotine e‐cigarette use. Half of the patients had a preexisting diagnosis of asthma and four patients had mental health comorbidities. All patients presented with respiratory alkalosis and chest radiography showing diffuse bilateral infiltrates; two patients had pneumomediastinum, subcutaneous air and/or pneumothorax. The lowest documented ratio of oxygen saturation to inspired oxygen (SpO2:FiO2 or S/F ratio) ranged from 146 to 296. Two patients required an arterial line, with the lowest ratio of arterial oxygen to inspired oxygen (PaO2:FiO2 or P/F ratio) of 197 and 165. Two patients tested positive for rhinovirus and respiratory cultures were negative for all patients. Four patients underwent chest computed tomography imaging, which showed diffuse ground‐glass opacities. Every patient required noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, with one progressing to invasive ventilation. All patients received broad‐spectrum intravenous antibiotics and steroids, though there was considerable variability in dose, frequency, and duration of steroids. The hospital length of stay ranged from 5 to 16 days (median 8.3 days) with PICU length of stay ranging from 4 to 10 days (median 5.5 days). Four patients had pulmonary function testing before discharge, two of which showed decreased diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide. There were no patient deaths.ConclusionsThis single‐center case series describes the presentation, course, and treatment of EVALI in a pediatric intensive care unit setting. Our results show nuanced differences in the presentation and management of the critically ill adolescent, and raise many questions about the long term implications on lung health, morbidity, and mortality. Importantly, these cases illustrate the critical care consequences of a public health phenomenon and should spur further research and policy to address the negative health effects of vaping.
Benchmarking DFT Calculations of 1H and 13C Chemical Shifts in Monosubstituted Ferrocenes
Authors: Chamkin Aleksandr A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDifferent density functional theory (DFT) approaches were tested for the computation of 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shifts in monosubstituted ferrocenes. The results were evaluated against experimental values. Generally, the conductor‐like polarizable continuum model and cc‐pVTZ basis set are recommended. The geometries providing the best accuracies are B3LYP‐optimized for 1H and M06‐L‐optimized for 13C. Functional rankings at these geometries are: TPSSh > M06‐L > CAM‐B3LYP > B3LYP > PBE0 > M06 (the first one is the most accurate) for 1H NMR computations and M06 > M06‐L > PBE0 > TPSSh > B3LYP > CAM‐B3LYP for 13C. The most accurate functionals have root‐mean‐square deviations of 0.08 ppm (1H, TPSSh) and 3.97 ppm (13C, M06) and showed similar accuracy for a set of disubstituted ferrocenes and decamethylferrocene. The utilization of Jensen's pcSseg‐2 basis set improves the results for 1H but worsens the results for 13C. The linear scaling is generally not recommended. The errors can be minimized using an appropriate method for a given nucleus, so the DFT‐assisted signal assignment is possible for substituted ferrocenes.
Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome in remission with benralizumab treatment after relapse with mepolizumab
Authors: Fujii Koki , Takahashi Hidenori , Hayakawa Nami , Iwasaki Yoshinobu 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWe report a patient with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (I‐HES) who achieved remission with benralizumab after relapsing on mepolizumab. An 83‐year‐old man was admitted to Showa General Hospital after presenting with hypoxaemia and multiple erythematous lesions. He showed a marked increase in blood eosinophil count. Skin biopsy revealed an invasion of eosinophils in the dermis. He was diagnosed with I‐HES. He was commenced on prednisolone 40 mg/day with a plan to wean this over time after pulse steroid therapy for three days. Mepolizumab was added when the prednisolone dose was 25 mg/day. Unfortunately, at a prednisolone dose of 5 mg/day, there was evidence of disease progression and the patient was switched to benralizumab. Prednisolone was tapered again and, finally, the patient was in remission. Benralizumab targets interleukin (IL)‐5R and induces antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity, thereby reducing the eosinophil counts in the tissue. This can be attributed to the therapeutic efficacy against I‐HES. We believe this report may help develop novel therapeutic strategies for I‐HES.
Identification of hybrid and linear parameter‐varying models via piecewise affine regression using mixed integer programming
Authors: Mejari Manas , Naik Vihangkumar V. , Piga Dario , Bemporad Alberto 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThis article presents a two‐stage algorithm for piecewise affine (PWA) regression. In the first stage, a moving horizon strategy is employed to simultaneously estimate the model parameters and to classify the training data by solving a small‐size mixed‐integer quadratic programming problem. In the second stage, linear multicategory separation methods are used to partition the regressor space. The framework of PWA regression is adapted to the identification of PWA AutoRegressive with eXogenous input (PWARX) models as well as linear parameter‐varying (LPV) models. The performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated on an academic example and on two benchmark experimental case studies. The first experimental example concerns modeling the placement process in a pick‐and‐place machine, while the second one consists in the identification of an LPV model describing the input‐output relationship of an electronic bandpass filter with time‐varying resonant frequency.
Filtering adaptive output feedback control for multivariable nonlinear systems with mismatched uncertainties and unmodeled dynamics
Authors: Ma Tong 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThis article synthesizes a filtering adaptive output feedback controller for multivariable nonlinear systems with mismatched uncertainties and unmodeled dynamics. The multivariable nonlinear systems under consideration have both matched and mismatched uncertainties, which satisfy the semiglobal Lipschitz condition. The unmodeled dynamics are bounded‐input bounded‐output stable. By adopting an estimation/cancellation strategy, a piecewise constant adaptive law drives the estimation error to zero at every time instant, which yields the adaptive parameters; a disturbance rejection control law is designed to compensate the nonlinear uncertainties within the bandwidth of low‐pass filters. The matched uncertainties are cancelled directly by adopting their opposite in the control signal, while a dynamic inversion of the system is required to eliminate the effect of the mismatched uncertainties on the output. A feedforward control law is designed to track a given command. Since the virtual reference system defines the best performance that can be achieved by the closed‐loop system, the uniform performance bounds are derived for the states and control signals via comparison. Both numerical and practical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed filtering adaptive output feedback control architecture, comparisons with the model reference adaptive control demonstrates the superiority of the proposed control method.
Doping Transition Metals into TiO2‐CNT Nanocatalyst to Enhance the Selective Oxidation of H2S
Authors: Daraee Maryam , Baniadam Majid , Rashidi Alimorad , Maghrebi Morteza 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this research work, the transition metals (Ni, Co and W) have been doped into the TiO2‐CNT (X‐TC) nanocatalysts through sol‐gel method. The structure and composition of the synthesized catalysts were determined by various qualitative and quantitative techniques. Their performance was evaluated in selective oxidation of H2S to elemental sulfur and compared to those of the undoped TiO2‐CNT (TC). It was found that the all metals which were doped into the TC catalyst showed much better desulfurization performance than the TC. The H2S conversion of the catalysts followed the trend of Co5 %‐TC>Ni5 %‐TC>W5 %‐TC∼TC and Co10 %‐TC>Ni10 %‐TC>W10 %‐TC∼TC and the selectivity was almost higher than 99 % in all catalysts. In this regard, the 5 %Co‐TC had the higher H2S conversion of 99.5 %, sulfur selectivity of 99.6 % and sulfur yield of 99.1 % which is attributed to the lower band gap and higher specific surface area and pore volume in comparison to the other metal‐doped TC catalysts. In addition, the increase in the metal content to 10 wt. % decreased the H2S conversion and sulfur selectivity because the metal particles on TC deteriorated the surface area and pore volume of the catalysts. The high catalytic activity of metals doped catalysts can be attributed to doping active transition metals as active site on mesoporous support of TC.
A Graphene‐Based Supramolecular Nanoreactor for the Fast Synthesis of Imines in Water
Authors: Capasso Palmiero Umberto , Sponchioni Mattia , Margani Fatima , Moscatelli Davide , Galimberti Maurizio , Barbera Vincenzina 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe confinement of organic synthesis within waterborne nanoreactors is regarded with increasing attention to improve its yield and reduce the environmental impact. However, many catalysts, such as graphene, are barely dispersible in aqueous media and many chemical reactions cannot be performed in the presence of water due to thermodynamic limitations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies to carry out these processes in more sustainable conditions. To pursue this goal, in this work, a waterborne supramolecular nanoreactor is developed. The system comprises a polymeric micelle obtained from the self‐assembly of pyrrole‐based amphiphilic block copolymers. The active catalytic component is represented by few graphene layers, functionalized with pyrrole to enhance their interaction with the micelle core and hence their nanoencapsulation. Using this nanoreactor, it is possible to synthesize imines starting from primary amines and aldehydes or ketones with high yield and in short time (Y = 90% after 5 min) at room temperature. Moreover, an efficient strategy to recycle the reactor is proposed, thus increasing the potential of this technology.