bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritional status and screening tools to detect nutritional risk in hospitalized patients with hepatic echinococcosis
Authors: Wang Zhan , Xu Jin , Song Ge , Pang MingQuan , Guo Bin , Xu XiaoLei , Wang HaiJiu , Zhou Ying , Ren Li , Zhou Hu , Ma Jie , Fan HaiNing 
Published: December 2020

Background: Echinococcosis is a chronic consumptive liver disease. Little research has been carried out on the nutritional status of infected patients, though liver diseases are often associated with malnutrition. Our study investigated four different nutrition screening tools, to assess nutritional risks of hospitalized patients with echinococcosis. Methods: Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002), Short Form of Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), and the Nutrition Risk Index (NRI) were used to assess 164 patients with alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and 232 with cystic echinococcosis (CE). Results were then compared with European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) criteria for malnutrition diagnosis. Results: According to ESPEN standards for malnutrition diagnosis, 29.2% of CE patients and 31.1% of AE patients were malnourished. The malnutrition risk rates for CE and AE patients were as follows: NRS 2002 – 40.3% and 30.7%; MUST – 51.5% and 50.9%; MNA-SF – 46.8% and 44.1%; and NRI – 51.1% and 67.4%. In patients with CE, MNA-SF and NRS 2002 results correlated well with ESPEN results (k = 0.515, 0.496). Area-under-the-curve (AUC) values of MNA-SF and NRS 2002 were 0.803 and 0.776, respectively. For patients with AE, NRS 2002 and MNA-SF results correlated well with ESPEN (k = 0.555, 0.493). AUC values of NRS 2002 and MNA-SF were 0.776 and 0.792, respectively. Conclusion: This study is the first to analyze hospitalized echinococcosis patients based on these nutritional screening tools. Our results suggest that NRS 2002 and MNA-SF are suitable tools for nutritional screening of inpatients with echinococcosis.
Outcomes after Emergency Admission with a Diabetic Foot Attack Indicate a High Rate of Healing and Limb Salvage But Increased Mortality: 18-Month Follow-up Study
Authors: Vainieri Erika , Ahluwalia Raju , Slim Hani , Walton Daina , Manu Chris , Taori Surabhi , Wilkins Jason , Huang Dean Y. , Edmonds Mike , Rashid Hisham , Kavarthapu Venu , Vas Prashanth R J 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aim The diabetic foot attack (DFA) is perhaps the most devastating
form of diabetic foot infection, presenting with rapidly progressive skin
and tissue necrosis, threatening both limb and life. However, clinical
outcome data in this specific group of patients are not
available.
Methods Analysis of 106 consecutive patients who underwent emergency
hospitalisation for DFA (TEXAS Grade 3B or 3D and Infectious Diseases
Society of America (IDSA) Class 4 criteria). Outcomes evaluated were: 1)
Healing 2) major amputation 3) death 4) not healed. The first outcome
reached in one of these four categories over the follow-up period
(18.4±3.6 months) was considered. We also estimated amputation free
survival.
Results Overall, 57.5% (n=61) healed, 5.6%
(n=6) underwent major amputation, 23.5% (n=25) died
without healing and 13.2% (n=14) were alive without healing.
Predictive factors associated with outcomes were: Healing (age<60,
p=0.0017; no Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) p= 0.002; not
on dialysis p=0.006); major amputation (CRP>100
mg/L, p=0.001; gram+ve organisms, p=0.0013;
dialysis, p= 0.001), and for death (age>60, p=
0.0001; gram+ve organisms p=0.004; presence of PAD,
p=0.0032; CRP, p=0.034). The major amputation free survival
was 71% during the first 12 months from admission, however it had
reduced to 55.4% by the end of the follow-up period.
Conclusions In a unique population of hospitalised individuals with
DFA, we report excellent healing and limb salvage rates using a dedicated
protocol in a multidisciplinary setting. An additional novel finding was the
concerning observation that such an admission was associated with high
18-month mortality, almost all of which was after discharge from
hospital.
Effects of Discontinuation of Drugs Used for Augmentation Therapy on Treatment Outcomes in Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kato Hideo , Koizumi Teruki , Takeuchi Hiroyoshi , Tani Hideaki , Mimura Masaru , Uchida Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction There has been no consensus on whether and how long add-on drugs for augmentation therapy should be continued in the treatment of depression.
Methods Double-blind randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of discontinuation of drugs used for augmentation on treatment outcomes in patients with depression were identified. Meta-analyses were performed to compare rates of study withdrawal due to any reason, study-defined relapse, and adverse events between patients who continued augmentation therapy and those who discontinued it.
Results Seven studies were included (n=841 for continuing augmentation therapy; n=831 for discontinuing augmentation therapy). The rate of study withdrawal due to any reason was not significantly different between the 2 groups (risk ratio [RR]=0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.69–1.08, p=0.20). Study withdrawal due to relapse was less frequent in the continuation group than in the discontinuation group (RR=0.61, 95% CI=0.40–0.92, p=0.02); however, this statistical significance disappeared when one study using esketamine as augmentation was excluded. Analysis of the data from 5 studies that included a stabilization period before randomization found less frequent relapse in the continuation group than in the discontinuation group (RR=0.47, 95% CI=0.36–0.60, p<0.01). This finding was repeated when the esketamine study was excluded.
Discussion No firm conclusions could be drawn in light of the small number of studies included. Currently available evidence suggests that add-on drugs, other than esketamine, used for augmentation therapy for depression may be discontinued. This may not be the case for patients who are maintained with augmentation therapy after remission.
Prompt Return to Work after Bilateral Transforaminal Full-endoscopic Lateral Recess Decompression under Local Anesthesia: A Case Report
Authors: Sugiura Kosuke , Yamashita Kazuta , Manabe Hiroaki , Ishihama Yoshihiro , Tezuka Fumitake , Takata Yoichiro , Sakai Toshinori , Maeda Toru , Sairyo Koichi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTransforaminal full-endoscopic lumbar diskectomy became established early in the 21st century. It can be performed under local anesthesia and requires only an 8-mm skin incision, making it the least invasive disk surgery method available. The full-endoscopic technique has recently been used to treat lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Here, we describe the outcome of simultaneous bilateral decompression of lumbar lateral recess stenosis via a transforaminal approach under local anesthesia in a 60-year-old man. The patient presented with a complaint of bilateral leg pain that was preventing him from standing and walking, and he had been able to continue his work as a dentist by treating patients while seated. Imaging studies revealed bilateral lumbar lateral recess stenosis with central herniated nucleus pulposus at L4/5. We performed simultaneous bilateral transforaminal full-endoscopic lumbar lateral recess decompression (TE-LRD) under local anesthesia. Both decompression and diskectomy were successfully completed without complications. Five days after TE-LRD, he was able to return to work, and 3 months after the surgery, he resumed playing golf. Full-endoscopic surgery under local anesthesia can be very effective in patients who need to return to work as soon as possible after surgery.
Giant Pericardial Tube Roll Aneurysm after the Treatment of Aortic Interruption
Authors: Ulukan Mustafa O. , Yildiz Yahya , Ata Emin C. , Oztas Didem M. , Erkanli Korhan , Ugurlucan Murat , Turkoglu Halil 
Published: December 2020

AbstractVarious techniques have been described for the treatment of interrupted aortic arch pathology. Graft interposition, either autologous or synthetic, is included among these methods. In this article, we present the images of giant pericardial roll aneurysm that was used for the treatment of aortic interruption during the newborn period.
Iatrogenic Acute Type A Aortic Dissection following Elective Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Huette Pierre , Beyls Christophe , Guilbart Mathieu , Haye Guillaume , Vial Jérémie , Touati Gilles , Mahjoub Yazine , Abou-Arab Osama 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe report a 62-year-old woman who was scheduled for an elective Tirone David valve sparing aortic root replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass. Within the next few hours, the patient developed bilateral acute ischemia of both lower limbs. A thoracic and abdominopelvic computed tomography scan showed acute Type A aortic dissection with a perforation at the brachiocephalic arterial trunk and a complete malperfusion of the inferior mesenteric and iliac arteries.
Hallazgos en tomografía computada de las complicaciones de la pancreatitis aguda
Authors: Polanco Amesquita Víctor César , Larrañaga Nebil , Espil Germán , Romualdo Jésica Eliana , Prado Fabiana , Kozima Shigeru 
Published: December 2020

ResumenLa pancreatitis aguda es una patología inflamatoria del páncreas que se caracteriza por dolor abdominal y elevación de los niveles séricos de amilasa. Desde el punto de vista imagenológico, se la estudia con tomografía computada (TC), siendo esa la modalidad de elección para evaluar la extensión y la localización de las complicaciones. Según la gravedad, el tiempo de evolución y la extensión, hay distintos tipos de complicaciones y una variedad de hallazgos en TC.
Concomitant Rupture of Extensor Pollicis Longus and Index Extensor Tendons following Distal Radius Plating—Report of Two Cases and Their Clinical Implication for Tendon Transfer Surgery
Authors: Bhardwaj Praveen , Varadharajan Vigneswaran , Sabapathy S Raja 
Published: December 2020

AbstractExtensor indicis proprius (EIP) tendon transfer is a standard operation for restoration of the thumb extension following rupture of extensor pollicis longus (EPL). In its standard form often the EIP is transferred to the EPL without inspection of the extensor tendons in the fourth compartment and it is retained in its anatomical fourth compartment. However, in a setting of EPL rupture in relation to the distal radius fracture (with or without fixation), concomitant injury to the extensor tendons to the index finger may result in failure of the transfer and even a loss of index finger extension (index finger drop) further complicating the reconstruction and resulting in immense patient dissatisfaction. We herein present two such rare cases to highlight this clinical scenario and how an awareness of this possibility and inspection of the extensor tendons to the index finger before EIP transfer allowed us to prevent this complication. In essence, if we know it, we can prevent it.
Bioavailable soil Pb minimized by in situ transformation to plumbojarosite
Authors: Karna Ranju R. , Noerpel Matt R. , Nelson Clay , Elek Brittany , Herbin-Davis Karen , Diamond Gary , Bradham Karen , Thomas David J. , Scheckel Kirk G. 
Published: December 2020

SignificanceAs a strategy to stabilize soil Pb, we evaluated the effect of PLJ formation on the bioavailability of soil Pb. Our technology for PLJ formation resulted in >90% incorporation of soil Pb into the mineral structure of jarosite. This conversion decreased soil Pb bioavailability greater than 90%, even after pH neutralization to revitalize the soil to agronomic health. PLJ formation may be a more effective remediation method than other soil treatment technologies and may reduce removal clean-up efforts and costs. Because jarosite can sequester both cationic and anionic contaminants, it may be effective for both Pb and arsenic remediation. Furthermore, this treatment is not influenced by initial soil pH or organic matter content and uses an environmentally safe chemical.
Ancient DNA from Guam and the peopling of the Pacific
Authors: Pugach Irina , Hübner Alexander , Hung Hsiao-chun , Meyer Matthias , Carson Mike T. , Stoneking Mark 
Published: December 2020

Significance
We know more about the settlement of Polynesia than we do about the settlement of the Mariana Islands in the western Pacific. There is debate over where people came from to get to the Marianas, with various lines of evidence pointing to the Philippines, Indonesia, New Guinea, or the Bismarck Archipelago, and over how the ancestors of the present Mariana Islanders, the Chamorro, might be related to Polynesians. We analyzed ancient DNA from Guam from two skeletons dating to ∼2,200 y ago and found that their ancestry is linked to the Philippines. Moreover, they are closely related to early Lapita skeletons from Vanuatu and Tonga, suggesting that the early Mariana Islanders may have been involved in the colonization of Polynesia.
Challenges in joining of metallic pipes using microwave hybrid heating
Authors: Gamit D N , Chudasama M K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Microwave hybrid heating (MHH) is a distinct and emerging alternative joining technique used to join metallic materials compared to available conventional joining processes such as FW, TIG, MIG, etc. MHH shows significant characteristics such as selective and volumetric heating, lower processing time, eco-friendly processing against conventional joining. This paper aims to investigate the joining of 316L stainless steel pipes by incorporating micrometric size (45μm) of 316L stainless steel powder in between the faying surfaces of the candidate material. Charcoal as a susceptor material was placed at the joint zone and exposed to microwave energy at 2.45 GHz inside the domestic microwave applicator at 900 W power levels. The challenges and principles involved in joining SS 316 L pipes using MHH have been discussed and initial experimental observations have been analyzed.
Unidirectional dry sliding wear analysis of ZE41 magnesium alloy
Authors: Kaushik B , Anand Kumar S , Prabhu T R , Moganraj A 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Magnesium alloys have many characteristics like good castability, high strength to-weight ratio and good amenability. The ZE41 magnesium alloy consists of zirconium (Zr), zinc (Zn) and rare earth elements. Magnesium alloys have many application in aerospace, automotive industries and biomedical implants. Microstructure is shown for ZE41 magnesium alloy Wear rates are measured for ZE41 magnesium alloy using pin-on-disk experiment setup. Rate of wear and coefficient of friction is measured for 10N-20N range at sliding velocity of 0.5 m/s with constant sliding distance of 300 meters. It is observed that load is not affecting coefficient of friction significantly but there is decrement in the value of CoF when load is increased from 10N to 15N. Wear behaviour in initial condition is different but it is converging to general which means more the load more will be the wear. Wear mechanism is abrasion for low loads then slightly changes to delamination.
Slurry erosion behaviour of Ni-Hard under various impact angle and speed
Authors: Makwana Mohit , Sutaria B. M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
To Study wear analysis of slurry pump with an experimental condition is an economically costly and lengthy process. Therefore, wear study can be done on various laboratory tests such as Slurry pot tester, Coriolis wear tester, Whirling arm wear test device, particle impact jet test. To analyze of erosion wear rate of slurry pump material in different operating conditions is performed on slurry pot tester. In the latest pump the Ni-Hard is widely used material in the slurry transportation. The one of the major application of slurry pump made from Ni-Hard is in Thermal power plant for ash slurry transportation. In this paper an experimental work has been carried out to find the effect of impact angle and particle impact speed at 20% w/w slurry concentration of sand on the wear rate of the Ni-Hard material. From the experimental results it is found that as particle velocity increases erosion wear rate of the material is increases. It was also found that the erosion of the material increases with impact angle till 30° then the erosion of material decreases gradually.
Plant using Vibration Analysis
Authors: Panda D , Mohanty J K , Das S S , Mishra Anupam , Pradhan P K 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Timely detection of fault and taking corrective measures reduces the downtime of any industry. It also increases the reliability and efficiency of the system. Nowadays, many industries have implemented condition monitoring (or condition based maintenance) techniques as a part of maintenance strategies. Condition based maintenance monitors the health condition of machine and diagnose the defect if any. Though there are various condition monitoring techniques, vibration analysis is one of the strongest and widely used technique for fault identification. It is used to diagnose the fault of rotating machine element. In a big power plant, condition monitoring techniques play an important role to reduce the downtime of primary system and its auxiliaries, which in turn leads to reduction in productivity loss. Therefore, it is desirable to ensure system availability.
Priority Based Train Scheduling Method Using ACO in Indian Railway Perspective
Authors: Mishra Abhishek , Kumar Neeraj , Kharb Seema 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to solve a train scheduling problem (TSP) with different train priorities and travelling at different speeds in the Indian railways (IR) perspective. Initially, a mathematical model for a TSP is developed and then the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) technique is applied to resolve the problem. A real-world train timetable problem is presented to make a comparison between the manual solutions method used by the Indian Railway (IR) and the solution obtained from ACO and CPLEX solver to check for quality and accuracy in terms of total travel time. The result shows that there is a 6.827% improvement in travel time using ACO over manual solution. A collision free train schedule is determined based on the obtained train sequence.
Lead Time Reduction for managing Engineering Changes
Authors: Kolapkar S. , Bharsakade R. S. , Rajurkar A. U. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Engineering changes need to be done in a product because of design improvement, product and process optimization, government regulations, etc. Implementation of those changes in the production shop floor involves multiple stakeholders and functions within and outside the company. Engineering change management (ECM) is the process of communication between all stakeholders to implement and document the engineering change on the shop floor. This involvement of multiple stakeholders and responsibilities increases ECM lead time and creates a challenge for change implementation on the shop floor. This paper presents such a case of engineering changes for factory shop floor implementation. Causes like delay in decisions behind an increase in lead time have been investigated. Process automation solutions that can reduce the ECM lead time drastically have been proposed and implemented. The developed solution for tool selection and layout problems achieves almost a 66% reduction in lead time and helps the factory for process standardization and resource optimization.
Optimization of Model and Structural Analysis Hypoid Gear
Authors: Ramana Reddy D.V. , Revanth Kumar G. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to analyze structural behaviour of differential hypoid gear. For the studying of the structural analysis of the gear is made up of the different composite materials & as well as alloy materials compared with conventional metallic materials. As, composite materials provide enough strength and emerged as a good alternative for replacing metallic gears which is Ni-Cr steel. The alloy materials considered here is Aluminium alloy, Grey cast iron, and the composite material is Epoxy E-Glass unidirectional and compare with existing gear material Ni-Cr steel. This work makes an attempt to replace the metallic gears of Ni-Cr steel with alloy & composite materials based on static structural analysis results. For the analysis purpose the solid model is created by using CATIAV5R20 design software and ANSYS 17.1 is used to determine the Total deformation, Von-Mises stress and the equivalent elastic strain for the different selected materials at three different speeds.
Influence of Alkaline ratios on strength properties of Fly ash-Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Based Geopolymer Mortars
Authors: Venu M. , Rao G. Mallikarjuna , Kumar Y. Anil , Madduru Sri Rama Chand , Bellum Ramamohana Reddy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Geopolymer concrete is a new and alternative to cement concrete, thus decreasing greenhouse emissions and leading to better construction practices. This can be produced by complete replacement of cement with pozzolanic materials such as Fly Ash (FA), Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) and activation through alkaline activator solution. The present study aims to investigate the effect of 8M sodium hydroxide solution for the chemical ratios of Na2SiO3 to NaOH are 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3 with different combinations of fly ash and GGBS. The cast specimens were outdoor cured and tested at the age of 1, 3, 7, and 28 days for compressive strength, followed by XRD analysis to identify the mineralogical variations with a change in parameters. The obtained results concluded that GGBS content with 8M concentration of sodium hydroxide in the mix increases the compressive strength of geopolymer mortar. The optimum dosage of Na2SiO3/NaOH was 2.5 based on the compressive strength of mortar. The compounds responsible for strength were identified through XRD analysis as N-A-S-H gel and C-A-S-H gel in mixes with fly ash and GGBS as binders.
Optimization of Time and Cost for a Research Project by Project Crashing Method
Authors: Sharma S , Bedi N , Sukhwani VK 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The aim of current study is to access trade off between time and cost for the duration of a research project. A linear programming model (LPP) was developed and used for the same purpose. Normal and Crashing Costs for the project activities were obtained from the principal investigator of the project and were used for conducting the analysis in the excel solver. Maximum and minimum duration for the project was obtained through critical path method and crashing method respectively. The result of the study indicated significant reduction in project duration with normal increase in project cost. A small increase in the project cost with reduction of nearly 45 days in the project interval was observed. Nearly 5% increase in cost of the project was noticed with reduction of 15% in total project duration.
Therapeutic dilemmas in dialysis patients hospitalized for COVID-19: balancing between nihilism, off-label treatment and side effects
Authors: Kusztal Mariusz , Myślak Marek 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Avoiding the use of drugs in patients with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) &lt;30 mL/min/1.73 m2 is due to the exclusion of this group of patients from many clinical trials. However, in view of the widespread COVID-19 pandemic and the need to treat all patients, including those with renal failure, the World Health Organization points out in the Solidarity trial the need for the inclusion some patients with kidney failure and recognizes the urgent need for trials/studies in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with lower GFR. It is well known that the therapeutic goal to treat patients with renal failure, acute kidney injury or on maintenance dialysis is complicated by pharmacokinetics, drug interactions and extracorporeal therapies. In patients with COVID-19 and impaired kidney function, the role of nephrologists is crucial in order to draw a balance between nihilism and benefits or potentially harmful effects of current available treatments. The potential use of European Medicines Agency recommended remdesivir and dexamethasone for COVID-19 among dialysis patients are discussed.