bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving entrepreneurial research methodology: When research design fails
Authors: O'Connor Autumn Sadie , Hutton Vicki 
Published: September 2020

The diverse endeavours undertaken by entrepreneurs have the potential to positively impact communities, and yet this population appears notoriously difficult to recruit for research. This paper reflects on declining research participation, particularly noted in top executives and the entrepreneurial community; and introduces a Master’s dissertation study which failed to recruit significant numbers of entrepreneurs for quantitative research purposes. While ‘failed’ research may lack allure, it does provide valuable learning insights for students undertaking new research projects. Quite apart from not repeating past mistakes, outlining research challenges may assist students to develop more creative and robust projects. As such, this paper highlights two significant points regarding barriers to recruiting amongst entrepreneurs. First, we present evidence that entrepreneurs are often over-worked and time poor, and this impacts on their research participation; secondly, we highlight how entrepreneurs respond differently to research activities, and hereby, we offer some recommendations for improved research design.
Does Bill James's Pythagorean Formula Apply to England's Premier League?
Authors: Reinmuth Katherine A. , Sommers Paul Martin 
Published: September 2020

Bill James’s Pythagorean formula relates runs scored and runs allowed to team winning in Major League Baseball. Researchers have applied James’s Pythagorean formula to basketball, ice hockey, and tennis, among other sports. Current literature, however, questions the applicability of the Pythagorean approach to soccer. This paper finds that such results may be because the dependent variable is based on the Fédération Internationale de Football Association’s (FIFA) point system rather than wins and losses. The authors successfully apply James’s Pythagorean formula to soccer and, in particular, England’s Premier League (EPL). Between 2000/01 and 2016/17, there is a statistically significant relationship between a team’s goal ratio (defined as goals scored divided by goals allowed) and a team’s win-loss ratio. A one percent increase in the goal ratio is associated with a 1.70 percent increase in the win-loss ratio.
The Performance of Aerobic Exercising by Spinal Cord Injury Patients Through the Application of Functional Electrical Stimulation
Authors: Srikanthan Camellia , Dutta Dr. Sukhendu 
Published: September 2020

Evoking a muscular response using Functional Electrical Stimulation onto paralyzed muscles will allow patients with spinal cord damage at the level of C4-L1 to perform aerobic and strengthening exercise training. The provoked activity will improve body strength, body composition, mitigate disuse atrophy, and enhance cardiopulmonary function.
The study designs included case report, case control, case series, pre-clinical and post-clinical intervention and outcomes measure, clinical trial, prospective cohort study, cross-sectional, and longitudinal repeated measures design. The statistical methods and methods of data analysis used were ANOVA, ASIA impairment scores, ? level and p-value, mean ± standard error, r2, Student paired t-test, PASW statistics, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney U test, regression analysis, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
The outcome of the study showed an increase in muscle thickness, strength, and lean muscle mass. There was improvement in oxygen consumption, positive effect on cardiorespiratory functioning, metabolic activity, and a slight increase in bone density. Subjects were able to perform more intense exercising as the training regime had progressed.
The significance of these findings shows a potential way to improve the health of subjects with spinal cord injury, but also to recover and eventually regain the use of the muscles that were once paralyzed. Functional electrical stimulation therapy will introduce physical activity to a population that is normally found to be inactive.

Keywords: Functional electrical stimulation, spinal cord injury, FES-cycling, FES-rowing, rehabilitation, exercise training
Parental Weight Status, Birth Weight and Depression Signs Influence on Child’s z-BMI
Authors: Apela Dana , Ļubina Olga , Agadžanjana Karīna , Napituhina Ilze , Dzīvīte-Krišāne Iveta , Gailite Jurgita , Gardovska Dace 
Published: September 2020

Objectives: Overweight and obesity has become an important worldwide health issue, that is why the risk factors for gaining excess weight are being studied a lot. Big birth weight and parental overweight are known risk factors for childhood overweight. The association between psychological issues and excess weight is bidirectional. Aim of our research was assessing if there was any association between parental weight status, birth weight or signs of depression and the exact value of already overweight child’s standardized body mass index (z-BMI). Study design: Cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: All 303 respondents included were six to seventeen years old patients of the first weight correction programme in Baltic states. Their first day data were gathered from Children’s Clinical University Hospital electronic databases Andromeda and Saule, as well as from outpatient medical records. Height and weight data were turned into z-BMI. Depression signs had been assessed using Children Depression Inventory (by M. Kovacs, 1992). Parental weight status and child’s birth weight had also been documented. Results: From all 303 respondents 141 (47%) were boys. Median age 12 (IQR 10-15) years. The median z-BMI was significantly higher in boys than in girls (2.97 (IQR 2.59-3.37) vs. 2.59 (IQR 2.13-2.90), p<0.001). Parental weight status correlated significantly with z-BMI value in boys (r=0.17, p=0.043) and in girls (r=0.18, p=0.026). The correlation became stronger when controlled by birth weight and signs of depression: r=0.87, p=0.005 for boys; r=0.96, p<0.001 for girls. There was no significant correlation between z-BMI and either birth weight or signs of depression. Conclusions: The parental excess weight correlated significantly with the z-BMI of their son or daughter. The signs of depression and birth weight had no significant association with z-BMI.
Gender Equity in NESCAC Varsity Athletics and Title IX Compliance
Authors: Fukuzawa Yoshinari , Ko Keun Young , Mahato Jay Narayan , Sarikaya Ahmet Kerem , Bounia Yahaya Abdoul Nasser , Sommers Paul Martin 
Published: September 2020

Title IX of the 1972 Educational Amendments to the 1964 Civil Rights Act now includes a proportionality standard, that is, the percentage of women who participate in sports at a university should approximate the percentage of female undergraduates at the school. The authors examine whether New England Small College Athletic Conference (NESCAC) schools were compliant with the proportionality standard during the 2014-15, 2015-16, and 2016-17 academic years. The results show that practically all NESCAC schools were in compliance with the proportionality standard all three years, but only when 5 percentage points were added to the school’s percentage of women who participate in varsity sports.
Pain Management in an Adult Sickle Cell Infusion Center: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Thomas Lakesha , Caldwell Geneva 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background and Purpose
The purpose of this quality improvement project was to change the admission/treatment process for patients during sickle cell vaso-occlusive crisis with the intent of positively influencing patients’ perceptions of pain management and improving patient satisfaction ratings.
Method
A structured survey regarding demographic data and patients experiences were obtained from 30 participants from the sickle cell clinic.
Results
An overall 63% (n-19) satisfaction rating among patients with the sickle cell infusion clinic revised process in comparison to the old process of presenting to the emergency room for treatment.
Conclusion
The change in the process for admission/treatment positively influence their perception of managing their pain during vaso-occlusive crisis.
Implications for Practice
Although there was overall satisfaction with the new process, having an additional nurse during this time appeared to have decreased door to first dose of intravenous pain medication time. Therefore, the idea of adding a FTE to this operation is supported.
An Analysis of Airport Delays Across the United States, 2012-2018
Authors: Byrne Isaac , Kanaoka Yuichiro , Pollack Nicole Elizabeth , Rhee Ho June , Sommers Paul Martin 
Published: September 2020

The authors examine the two busiest airports (based on the annual number of flight departures) in each state (including the District of Columbia) in 2012, 2016, 2017, and 2018. The average delay is longest among states in the Northeast and shortest among states in the West in each of the four years. Between 2012 and 2016, the average delay increased in all four Census regions, but significantly in only the Midwest and West. The year-over-year change in the average delay between 2016 and 2018 did not significantly increase at the busiest airports in states in either the West or, surprisingly, the most densely populated Census region, the Northeast.
Analysis of the relationship of blood metabolites with white blood cells in periparturient dairy cattle
Authors: Logan Lea , Suarez-Trujillo Aridany , Plaut Karen , Casey Theresa 
Published: September 2020

Periparturient dairy cattle are susceptible to metabolic disease due to immense physiological stress caused by calving and the onset of lactation. Susceptibility to disease is related to the cow’s ability to maintain metabolic homeostasis and mount a proper immune response, despite high demand for glucose to support fetal growth and milk synthesis, and as a fuel for increased circulating levels of white blood cells (WBC). This study was conducted to determine if there was a correlation among white blood cell percentages, blood glucose, and the levels of the ketone betahydroxybutyrate (BHBA) on the days immediately around parturition, and to determine if the variables exhibited circadian rhythms. We hypothesized that glucose levels would vary inversely with WBC, and BHBA levels would vary directly with glucose levels. Blood was sampled from the tail vein of multiparous Holstein cows (n=12) at 0600 from 4 days prepartum to 4 days postpartum, and every 4 hr over a 24-hr period (n=6) starting at 0600 on postpartum day 3. Blood glucose and BHBA levels were measured using a CentriVet™, and WBC percentage was calculated by measuring packed cell volume. Glucose was higher (p<0.05) before (73.77 mg/dL±4.65) versus after (68.85 mg/dL±6.15) parturition, whereas BHBA was higher (p<0.05) after calving (0.53 mg/dL±0.39) versus before (0.20 mg/dL±0.16). WBC percentages did not vary significantly by day. None of the variables exhibited circadian rhythms according to cosinor analysis. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed an inverse relationship (r= -0.23, p=0.04) between glucose and BHBA levels, and a direct relationship between WBC percentage and BHBA (r= 0.25, p=0.03). This finding supported our hypothesis, and suggests that immune responses during the periparturient period may affect metabolic homeostasis.
Study the reality of the current documents department in the Real Estate Documents and Documentation Department at the Ministry of Housing
Authors: حميّد بن سالم بن حميد الخصيبي  , د. عــــزت ســـعـــد حـــســان  
Published: September 2020

The research relied on its course on the descriptive approach starting from defining the research problem and its questions and hypotheses and addressing the topic, through assessing the current status of the research sample and monitoring its features, using that (research) with the research tools from field visits and inspections, interviews with officials, and a questionnaire, tools that helped in Obtaining information on the subject and sample of the research, and contributed to identifying the shortcomings and strengths that clarify the results of the application of the document and archive management system or not, and then the study came out with a set of results and presented some recommendations that would contribute to the effectiveness of managing these documents in an optimal way, and included The study is based on a set of pictures and illustrations, which are appended at the end of it with a set of sources and references that served the topic.
Investigating the use of Blockchain Technology in facilitating International Fund Transfer with respect to Banking Sector of Sultanate of Oman
Authors: Samra Abdul Samad Dora  , Dr. Vijayakumar Srinivasan  
Published: September 2020

The significance in Block chain applications has been ever-increasing since its introduction in 2008 due its major characteristics focusing on privacy, inscrutability and information integrity without any third-party concern in handling of the transactions. Consequently initiating interesting research subjects, particularly from the outlook of technical challenges and limitations. Block-chain is broadly considered as a next-generation technology with a lot of prospective upsides in various domains beyond digital currencies
The study investigates the use of block chain technology in facilitating international fund transfer in banking sector, with special reference to Sultanate of Oman. Also, the study makes an effort to find the demand for block chain implementation in banking industry of Oman and also look into the benefits and challenges involved with the application of block-chain applications in banking sector of Oman
Factors Influencing Nurse Burnout and Recommendations
Authors: Lavalais Eddy Alecia Love , Jackson Tayler , Kagure Purity , DeBose Myra Michelle , McClinton Annette 
Published: September 2020

Background: Identifying nurse burnout to be of significance, as it directly impacts work ethic, patient satisfaction, safety and best practice. Nurses are more susceptible to fatigue and burnout, due to the fact of working in highly stressful environments and caring for people in their most vulnerable state. It is imperative to pinpoint and alleviate potential aspects that can lead to nurse burnout. Research Hypothesis: Educating nurses on recognizing factors influencing nurse burnout and offering effective interventions to combat stress, will lead to better coping and adaptation skills; hence, decreasing the level of nurse fatigue and burnout. Assisting nurses to be cognizant of the symptoms of stress and nurse burnout will lead to the development of positive adaptive mechanisms. However, nurses without this recognition, tend to develop maladaptive psychological skills. Research Methodology: The quality improvement project gathered data on factors influencing burnout via Maslach Burnout Inventory Tool (MBI). MBI is the most commonly used instrument in measuring burnout, by capturing three subscales of burnout: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP) and personal accomplishment (PA). Results: From a sample of 31 graduate nursing (employed) students, MBI survey was administered via survey monkey. Gathered data (n=31), via descriptive statistics and standard deviation, represented the extent of deviation for the nursing population as a whole. The quality improvement study revealed the standard deviation (SD) for emotional exhaustion, a low SD of 0.3; indicating that data points appear to be closer to the mean (expected value) of the emotional exhaustion data set. Additionally, depersonalization data showed SD values that were widely spread; however, yielding a low SD of 0.42 from the mean on depersonalization. Lastly, higher scores derived from Maslach’s Burnout Inventory tool suggests increased levels of personal accomplishment. Thus, data set revealed lower levels of depersonalization in regards to sample size. Moreover, Pearson correlation coefficient (Pearson r) identified a positive correlation between independent variable of stress levels and factors influencing nurse burnout, with combined teaching of ways to combat stress in the workplace. Effectiveness of this was reported by ninety-eight percent (98%) of participants. Significance: This study maintains that limited emotional exhaustion, a strong sense of identity and achieving personal accomplishments minimizes burn out.
Interprofessional Collaboration between Occupational Therapists and Speech Language Pathologists with Children who have Sensory Processing Deficits
Authors: Kruszynski Katie , Leeseberg Jackie , Loranger Tommy , O'Keeffe Courtney , Pfafman Haley , Wanka Elizabeth 
Published: September 2020

Introduction Background: Occupational therapists (OT) and speech-language pathologists (SLP) are unique within their skills. Both professions work closely together in a collaborative manner to improve child and family outcomes. Purpose:The aim of this study is to develop evidence based interprofessional educational modules to improve outcomes between occupational therapists and speech-language pathologists when working with a child who demonstrates sensory processing disorder. Aim of the study: 1.Understand the impact of interprofessional collaboration OTs and SLPs when working with a child with sensory processing deficits 2.Understand the influence of educating SLPs on sensory processing 3.Demonstrate the Methodology Research Design: Mixed Methods Study using Pre-test Post-test and Qualitative Method Initial stage of study: 5 Speech Language Pathologists to determine Face Validity and 5 Occupational Therapists to determine Content Validity. Results Phase 1: Complete Phase 2: Recruitment is to begin September 2018 Phase 3: Recruitment to begin Spring 2019 Conclusions Conclusion to be determined upon Phase 2 CompletionImplications for practice: In this study, we have sought to demonstrate the value of interprofessional collaboration between occupational therapy and speech therapy graduate students treating sensory processing issues in pediatric clients. There is a growing body of research emphasizing sensory processing as an important component of human behavior, affecting health care practices and increasing among children in the United States (Dunn, 2007). Individuals with sensory processing challenges, mostly children, can experience disruptions to their daily routines, decreased participation at home and school, and attention issues that cause challenges during speech therapy sessions and that may hinder treatment outcomes. Our study has aimed to increase the body of knowledge pertaining to sensory processing challenges in relation to speech therapy specifically, such as ways that speech therapists can identify sensory processing challenges among their pediatric clients and make necessary referrals for occupational therapy services to increase therapy outcomes, as well as to demonstrate effective collaboration and interprofessional education practices between occupational therapists and speech therapists to be furthered by future research.
The Impact of Debriefing Following Nursing Assessments
Authors: Ong Amber , Sexton-Radek Kathy 
Published: September 2020

Abstract Nursing curriculums are demanding programs which may precipitate intense feelings of worry, tension, and stress in nursing students (Perpetua Moreire & Ferreira Furegato, 2013). The impact of these feelings can hinder their self- efficacy. Furthermore, their well-being may have a long-term effect transferrable to patient car (Jun & Lee, 2017). It’s important to seek out ways to reduce these negative feelings and further support to mental health of nursing professionals. Debriefing experiences are used as they provide emotional support. Debriefing is a stress reduction technique that allows individuals to express and reflect upon their performance in a safe, non-judgmental space. The goal of this research is to develop a comprehensive study on the impact of debriefing after nursing assessments. Experimental Plan Class roster used to randomize an experimental group and a control groupClass has an exam Group will take part in debriefing session (Independent Variable)Post self-assessment (Dependent Variable) Experimental Group (A) 3D model of debriefing session Control Group (B) Unstructured debriefing session PICO Question For nursing students, immediately after taking an exam (P), how does a 3D model of debriefing (I) compare with an unstructured debriefing method © reduce self-reported stress and instill self-reported confidence as measured by post debriefing survey. Participant Commentary “This debriefing after the exam helped alleviate stress prior to taking the OSCE next.” “I am thankful for this time to discuss. I was helpful for me to talk with others and discuss the study techniques. Thanks for putting this together! I am interested to read up on the results to better prepare for the exams and distress before exams” “It felt like a needed therapy session, I’m not the only one” Moving Forward Continue research in peer-led debriefing Clinical debriefing experience Research class Obtain large class size Conduct during in school session Look into evidence-base practice of academic stress relief CASE program 2019
Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Hydroponic Lettuce Grown With Conventional and Organic Fertilizers [Cornell University]
Authors: Lau Vanessa M. , Mattson Neil S. 
Published: September 2020

H2O2, commonly referred to as hydrogen peroxide, is an unstable oxidizing agent often used by hydroponic growers to help clear unwanted biofilm and pathogenic microorganisms by releasing free radicals that interact with the microbes. Other byproducts produced by the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide are simply H2O and O2. The released O2 increases the dissolved oxygen concentration in the root zone and may also help reduce oxygen losses to biofilm and microbial respiration. However, the suggested concentration of hydrogen peroxide varies greatly among hobbyists and are typically determined on a trial and error basis and excess H2O2 can cause damage to roots. With little to no scientifically backed information available on the topic, the aim of this study is to determine the effect of H2O2 concentrations in deep water culture hydroponics by assessing how it affects biofilm caused by the use of organic fertilizers, root development, and consequently, yield in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) ‘Oak Leaf’. In this experiment, three different treatments consisting of a control, 1.25 mL/L, and 2.5 mL/L of hydrogen peroxide are added to aerated 4-L reservoirs that are fertilized with either organic (4-1-1) or inorganic nutrients (21-5-20), both applied at 150 mg·L-1 N. Three replicates for each treatment and each fertilizer are prepared resulting in a total of eighteen reservoirs with one head of lettuce in each. By the end of this study, it was found that when added to conventional fertilizers, doses of 1.25 mL/L and 2.5 mL/L of hydrogen peroxide stunted the growth of or killed the heads of lettuce. However, when applied to organic fertilizers, the lettuce yield nearly matched that of the conventionally fertilized control.