bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Folate Hydrolase-1 (Folh1) is a Novel Target for Antibody-Based Brachytherapy in Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Ramirez-Fort M. K. , Meier-Schiesser B. , Lachance K. , Mahase S. S. , Church C. D. , Niaz M. J. , Liu H. , Navarro V. , Nikolopoulou A. , Kazakov D. V. , Contassot E. , Nguyen D. P. , Sach J. , Hadravsky L. , Sheng Y. , Tagawa S. T. , Wu X. , Lange C. S. , French L. E. , Nghiem P. T. , Bander N. H. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Backgrounds
Folate Hydrolase-1 (FOLH1; PSMA) is a type II transmembrane protein, luminally expressed by solid tumour neo-vasculature. Monoclonal antibody (mAb), J591, is a vehicle for mAb-based brachytherapy in FOLH1+ cancers. Brachytherapy is a form of radiotherapy that involves placing a radioactive material a short distance from the target tissue (e.g., on the skin or internally); brachytherapy is commonly accomplished with the use of catheters, needles, metal seeds and antibody or small peptide conjugates. Herein, FOLH1 expression in primary (p) and metastatic (m) Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is characterized to determine its targeting potential for J591-brachytherapy.

Materials & Methods
Paraffin sections from pMCC and mMCC were evaluated by immunohistochemistry for FOLH1. Monte Carlo simulation was performed using the physical properties of conjugated radioisotope lutetium-177. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were calculated based on patient outcome data and FOLH1 expression.

Results
Eighty-one MCC tumours were evaluated. 67% (54/81) of all cases, 77% (24/31) pMCC and 60% (30/50) mMCC tumours were FOLH1+. Monte Carlo simulation showed highly localized ionizing tracks of electrons emitted from the targeted neo-vessel. 42% (34/81) of patients with FOLH1+/− MCC had available survival data for analysis. No significant differences in our limited data set were detected based on FOLH1 status (p = 0.4718; p = 0.6470), staining intensity score (p = 0.6966; p = 0.9841) or by grouping staining intensity scores (− and + vs. ++, +++, +++) (p = 0.8022; p = 0.8496) for MCC-specific survival or recurrence free survival, respectively.

Conclusions
We report the first evidence of prevalent FOLH1 expression within MCC-associated neo-vessels, in 60-77% of patients in a large MCC cohort. Given this data, and the need for alternatives to immune therapies it is appropriate to explore the safety and efficacy of FOLH1-targeted brachytherapy for MCC.
What's already known about this topic? •We report the first evidence of prevalent folate hydrolase-1 (FOLH1; also known as prostate-specific membrane antigen) expression within MCC-associated neovessels.
What does this study add? •Herein, FOLH1 expression in Merkel cell carcinoma neovasculature is validated, and the therapeutic mechanism of specific, systemic targeting of disseminated disease with antibody-based brachytherapy, is defined.
Behind closed doors: Are sonographers coping? A literature review of sonographer burnout
Authors: Cohen Catherine , Childs Jessie , Maranna Sandhya 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWith growing recognition of the way occupational health and safety physically impacts, how sonographers perform daily tasks, little research pertaining to the emotional challenges and subsequent burnout faced by sonographers on a daily basis has been undertaken. This narrative literature review aims to investigate the incidence and potential causes of burnout amongst sonographers in order to further explore sonographer well‐being. A literature search of medical databases and Google scholar was undertaken to identify articles related to the incidence and causes of sonographer burnout. This review revealed that the prevalence of sonographer burnout is high in Australasia and varied across different populations. Many potential causes of burnout have been postulated within the literature including increased scan numbers or work hours per week, working in hospital settings and chronic exposure to emotionally stressful situations. This review revealed that there is a paucity of published research discussing the incidence and causes of sonographer burnout to date. Further research is needed to investigate this very relevant topic.
Want to Make Fisheries More Diverse and Inclusive? Tell New Stories!
Authors: Nielsen Larry A. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCreating a diverse and inclusive fisheries profession requires telling new stories. While we revere the well‐known pioneers in our profession, we must expand beyond them. New stories, like those in my book, Nature’s Allies, show that conservationists come from all walks of life, proving that anyone and everyone can be a member and leader in our field. For example, the life of Billy Frank Jr., a Native American fisherman from western Washington, shows how his passion for salmon and for Native Americans’ legitimate treaty fishing rights led to a revolution in fisheries management in the Pacific Northwest. To achieve diversity and inclusion, we must (1) confront our implicit biases, (2) recruit from different sources and communities, and (3) tell stories and show pictures of diverse people and activities.
Histological and transcriptional effects of androstenedione in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Liang Yan‐Qiu , Pan Chang‐Gui , Xie Linchun , Huo Jialiang , Yang Jiahao , Lan Tianhong , Dong Zhongdian , Duan Meina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAs a natural androgen, androstenedione (AED) may pose potential risks to aquatic organisms due to its ubiquitousness in aquatic environments. Here we assessed the adverse effects of AED on histology of gonads, as well as mRNA expression levels of 34 genes concerned with hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal (HPG) axis, germ‐cell differentiation and sex differentiation in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Adult zebrafish were exposed to solvent control and three measured concentrations of 0.2, 2.3 and 23.7 μg/L AED for 60 days. The results showed that AED did not induce any obvious histological effects in the ovaries and testes. Of the investigated genes, transcriptional expression levels of amh and cyp11c1 genes in the ovaries of females were significantly increased by AED at 2.3 or 23.7 μg/L. However, different exposure concentrations of AED significantly inhibited mRNA expression of gnrh3, atf4b1 and cyp19a1b in the brain of males. In the testes of males, AED at 2.3 μg/L led to a significant induction of sox9b gene, but it at 23.7 μg/L down‐regulated nr5a1b gene. These observed transcriptional changes indicated that AED could pose potential androgenic effects in zebrafish.
Development of new biosorbent materials from agricultural waste materials for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution through the batch adsorption process
Authors: Okolo Bernard I. , Oke Emmanuel O. , Agu Chinedu M. , Nwosu‐Obieogu Kenechi , Adeyi Oladayo , Akatobi Kelechi N. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe investigation of the potentials of the acid modified Africa elemi seed, mucuna shell, and oyster shell as an adsorbent for the removal of cadmium ions from aqueous solution using batch adsorption was carried out. The material characterization was carried out using Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of operational variables like adsorbent dosage, pH, and contact time in the removal of Cd(II) ion was investigated. The equilibrium adsorption isotherm and kinetic behavior for MSA (mucuna shell adosrbent), AESA (Africa elemi seed adsorbent), and OSA (oyster shell adsorbent), respectively, were determined. From the result, it is shown that the adsorbents can remove both anionic and cationic particles. The result obtained showed that at 40 min contact time, 60 mg adsorbent dose, and solution pH of 8, the in maximum Cd(II) uptake was noticed. Among the three isotherm models applied, Langmuir provides the best fit. Under optimum conditions, the adsorption capacity of AESA, MSA, and OSA, was obtained as 110.6, 74.87, and 104.5, respectively. The correlation coefficient (R2) for AESA, MSA, and OSA was 0.996, 0.988, and 0.980, respectively. The experimental data for kinetic study follows the pseudo–second‐order model.
Prediction of reaction rate constants of hydroxyl radical with chemicals in water
Authors: Yu Xinliang , Liu Jun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe rate constants (kOH) of the reactions between organic micropollutants with hydroxyl radical (•OH) in aqueous systems are an important parameter to evaluate the persistence of organic compounds in the environment. In this paper, a support vector machine (SVM) model based on five descriptors was built to predict the reaction rate constants (log K = (log kOH)/MW). The quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model of log Kwas obtained from a training set (600 compounds) and validated with a test set (395 compounds). The coefficients of determinationR2of the training and test sets are 0.923 and 0.925, respectively. The results suggest that the SVM model developed in this work possesses satisfactory prediction ability.Practitioner pointsThe rate constants of the reactions of organic micropollutants with •OH in aqueous systems were investigated.SVM model was established for the reaction rate constants (log K = (log kOH)/MW).Only five molecular descriptors were used to predict 995 log K.A large data set was used for the test set (395 compounds).
Objective and subjective responses to motion sickness: the group and the individual
Authors: Irmak Tugrul , Pool Daan M. , Happee Riender 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe investigated and modeled the temporal evolution of motion sickness in a highly dynamic sickening drive. Slalom maneuvers were performed in a passenger vehicle, resulting in lateral accelerations of 0.4 g at 0.2 Hz, to which participants were subjected as passengers for up to 30 min. Subjective motion sickness was recorded throughout the sickening drive using the MISC scale. In addition, physiological and postural responses were evaluated by recording head roll, galvanic skin response (GSR) and electrocardiography (ECG). Experiment 1 compared external vision (normal view through front and side car windows) to internal vision (obscured view through front and side windows). Experiment 2 tested hypersensitivity with a second exposure a few minutes after the first drive and tested repeatability of individuals’ sickness responses by measuring these two exposures three times in three successive sessions. An adapted form of Oman’s model of nausea was used to quantify sickness development, repeatability, and motion sickness hypersensitivity at an individual level. Internal vision was more sickening compared to external vision with a higher mean MISC (4.2 vs. 2.3), a higher MISC rate (0.59 vs. 0.10 min−1) and more dropouts (66% vs. 33%) for whom the experiment was terminated due to reaching a MISC level of 7 (moderate nausea). The adapted Oman model successfully captured the development of sickness, with a mean model error, including the decay during rest and hypersensitivity upon further exposure, of 11.3%. Importantly, we note that knowledge of an individuals’ previous motion sickness response to sickening stimuli increases individual modeling accuracy by a factor of 2 when compared to group-based modeling, indicating individual repeatability. Head roll did not vary significantly with motion sickness. ECG varied slightly with motion sickness and time. GSR clearly varied with motion sickness, where the tonic and phasic GSR increased 42.5% and 90%, respectively, above baseline at high MISC levels, but GSR also increased in time independent of motion sickness, accompanied with substantial scatter.
Climatology of diablo winds in Northern California and their relationships with large-scale climate variabilities
Authors: Liu Yi-Chin , Di Pingkuan , Chen Shu-Hua , Chen XueMeng , Fan Jiwen , DaMassa John , Avise Jeremy 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe most destructive wildfires recently in Northern California have been linked to the occurrences of Diablo Winds (DWs). This study investigates the climatology of DWs during September–December 1979–2018, and their relationships with various climate modes using observations and two high-resolution reanalysis datasets. Our finding shows that DWs do not have a long-term trend in terms of the annual total number, total duration, and associated maximum wind speeds of DWs over the past 4 decades. However, their associated minimum relative humidity (RH) has decreased significantly, especially in October, which suggests that the dryness during DWs has become more severe with time, possibly leading to an increased chance of fires, and their destructive potential. We also find that the annual total number and duration of DWs have exhibited an quasi-periodic variation, with intervals ranging from 2 to 4 years. The periodic variability of DWs might be attributed to the teleconnections between DWs and climate oscillations, specifically the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), through their modulation of pressure systems near California and the location of the Pacific jet stream. It is suggested that when La Niña and the QBO westerly phases co-occur in the spring, DWs in the following fall and winter tend to occur more frequently, and are associated with more intense high winds and dryness as compared to other springtime QBO and ENSO phases. This relationship may be used to predict the seasonal outlook of DWs.
Thirty-day incidence of stroke after transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation: meta-analysis and mixt-treatment comparison of self-expandable versus balloon-expandable valve prostheses
Authors: Seppelt Philipp C. , Mas-Peiro Silvia , De Rosa Roberta , Dimitriasis Zisis , Zeiher Andreas M. , Vasa-Nicotera Mariuca 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Aims
Stroke is a major complication after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Although multifactorial, it remains unknown whether the valve deployment system itself has an impact on the incidence of early stroke. We performed a meta- and network analysis to investigate the 30-day stroke incidence of self-expandable (SEV) and balloon-expandable (BEV) valves after transfemoral TAVI.

Methods and results
Overall, 2723 articles were searched directly comparing the performance of SEV and BEV after transfemoral TAVI, from which 9 were included (3086 patients). Random effects models were used for meta- and network meta-analysis based on a frequentist framework. Thirty-day incidence of stroke was 1.8% in SEV and 3.1% in BEV (risk ratio of 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.49–0.80, p = 0.004). Treatment ranking based on network analysis (P-score) revealed CoreValve with the best performance for 30-day stroke incidence (75.2%), whereas SAPIEN had the worst (19.0%). However, network analysis showed no inferiority of SAPIEN compared with CoreValve (odds ratio 2.24, 95% CI 0.70–7.2).

Conclusion
Our analysis indicates higher 30-day stroke incidence after transfemoral TAVI with BEV compared to SEV. We could not find evidence for superiority of a specific valve system. More randomized controlled trials with head-to-head comparison of SEV and BEV are needed to address this open question.

Graphic abstract
Influence of leaf shape on the scaling of leaf surface area and length in bamboo plants
Authors: Shi Pei-Jian , Li Yi-Rong , Niinemets Ülo , Olson Edward , Schrader Julian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractKey messageUsing more than 10,000 bamboo leaves, we found that the scaling between leaf surface area and length follows a uniform power law relationship mainly relying on the degree of variation in leaf shape (reflected by the ratio of leaf width to length).AbstractA recent study based on leaf data of different plant taxa showed that the scaling of leaf surface area (A) with linear leaf dimensions was best described by the Montgomery equation (ME) that describesAas the product of leaf length (L) and width (W). Following from ME, a proportional relationship betweenAand the square ofLhas been proposed, but the validity of this simplified equation strongly depends on leaf shape (W/Lratio). Here, we show that the simplified equation can be applied to a group of closely related plants sharing a similarW/Lratio with low degree of uncertainty. We measuredA,LandWof more than 10,000 leaves from 101 graminoid taxa (subfamily Bambusoideae) having similar elongated leaf shapes. We found that ME applies to the leaves of all bamboo taxa investigated. The power law equation that was used to describe a scaling relationship ofAvs.Lalso predicted leaf area with high accuracy, but the variability measured as the root-mean-square error (RMSE) was greater than that using ME, indicating that leaf width also plays an important role in predicting leaf area. However, the dependence of the prediction accuracy ofAonWis intimately associated with the extent of the variation inW/Lratio. There was a strong positive correlation (r = 0.95 for the 101 bamboo taxa) between RMSE and the coefficient of variation inW/Lratio. Thereby, our results show that leaf area of bamboo plants can be calculated by the product ofLandWwith a proportionality coefficient ranging from 0.625 to 0.762, i.e., the leaf area of bamboo leaves approximately equals 70% of a rectangular area formed byLandW. The pooled data of ln(A) vs. ln(WL) of 101 bamboo taxa were located on or very close to the regression line without being affected by interspecific differences. However, interspecific differences inW/Lratio largely affected the scaling relationship ofAvs.L, which led to large deviations of the data of ln(A) vs. ln(L) from the regression line. This implies that the square relationship betweenAandLdoes not apply to all species even if those are very closely related taxa.
The association of the level of self-care on adherence to treatment in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Krzemińska Sylwia , Lomper Katarzyna , Chudiak Anna , Ausili Davide , Uchmanowicz Izabella 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Aims
The study aimed to assess the impact of self-care on adherence to treatment in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and effect of complex interaction of social, lifestyle, economic, environmental and behavioural.

Methods
The study was carried out between June 2018 and May 2019 on 324 patients (162 females, 162 males) with type 2 diabetes. To measure the levels of self-care, the Self-Care of Diabetes Index (SCODI) questionnaire was used. Adherence to treatment was assessed with the Adherence in Chronic Diseases Scale (ACDS).

Results
The highest scores of health behaviour were on the subscale of adherence with the mean value of 68.37, and the lowest results on the subscale of blood sugar self-monitoring, with the mean of 56.05. We found that low adherence to treatment was present in 52.47% of respondents, the moderate level in 39.20%, while only 8.33% of patients showed the high level. There were significant positive correlations between the ACDS and SCODI subscales (p < 0.05): self-care maintenance (0.436), self-care management (0.413), self-care monitoring (0.384), and self-care confidence (0.453).

Conclusions
Self-care affects on adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes. The higher self-efficacy in each of the areas of functioning, the higher the level of adherence to treatment. We found that demographic variables such as female sex, education and employment status can influence self-care in managing chronic illnesses such as type 2 diabetes.
Size-dependent thermoelastic initially stressed micro-beam due to a varying temperature in the light of the modified couple stress theory
Authors: Abouelregal A. E. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe bending of the Euler-Bernoulli micro-beam has been extensively modeled based on the modified couple stress (MCS) theory. Although many models have been incorporated into the literature, there is still room for introducing an improved model in this context. In this work, we investigate the thermoelastic vibration of a micro-beam exposed to a varying temperature due to the application of the initial stress employing the MCS theory and generalized thermoelasticity. The MCS theory is used to investigate the material length scale effects. Using the Laplace transform, the temperature, deflection, displacement, flexure moment, and stress field variables of the micro-beam are derived. The effects of the temperature pulse and couple stress on the field distributions of the micro-beam are obtained numerically and graphically introduced. The numerical results indicate that the temperature pulse and couple stress have a significant effect on all field variables.
Static Upper/Lower Thrust and Kinematic Work Balance Stationarity for Least-Thickness Circular Masonry Arch Optimization
Authors: Cocchetti Giuseppe , Rizzi Egidio 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis paper re-considers a recent analysis on the so-calledCouplet–Heyman problemof least-thickness circular masonry arch structural form optimization and provides complementary and novel information and perspectives, specifically in terms of the optimization problem, and its implications in the general understanding of the Mechanics (statics) of masonry arches. First, typical underlying solutions are independently re-derived, by a static upper/lower horizontal thrust and a kinematic work balance, stationary approaches, based on a complete analytical treatment; then, illustrated and commented. Subsequently, a separate numerical validation treatment is developed, by the deployment of an original recursive solution strategy, the adoption of a discontinuous deformation analysis simulation tool and the operation of a new self-implemented Complementarity Problem/Mathematical Programming formulation, with a full matching of the achieved results, on all the arch characteristics in the critical condition of minimum thickness.