bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breeding ecology of the globally threatened Aquatic Warbler Acrocephalus paludicola in calcareous fens at the south-western range limit
Authors: Wołoszkiewicz Joanna , Kubacka Justyna , Kloskowski Janusz 
Published: December 2024

Summary
Owing to habitat loss, the entire breeding population of the globally threatened Aquatic Warbler Acrocephalus paludicola, a flagship bird species of fen mires, is now limited to scattered areas in east-central Europe. The breeding biology of the Aquatic Warbler was studied between 2012 and 2015 in calcareous fens dominated by the Cladietum marisci sedge community at the south-western range limit of the species, near Chełm, in south-east Poland. Two nesting peaks were observed during the breeding season, corresponding to first and second breeding attempts. Nest densities were greater during the first- rather than the second-brood period but singing male densities did not differ between the brood periods. Clutch size and post-hatching fledging success were significantly lower during the second-brood period. Total nest fledging success (whether or not a nest fledged at least one young) was 76.6% in 124 nests with known outcomes with an average of 2.7 (± SE 0.2) fledglings per nest. Mayfield probability of nest survival was 56.9% with losses mainly due to predation (55%), nest desertion or female predation (28%), and changes in water level (14%). Nest survival to fledging increased along the gradient of increasing levels of litter layer thickness, stagnating water, and vegetation height at the nest, and increasing height of the nest above the soil. Fledgling production tended to be lower than in the Biebrza Marshes (north-east Poland) habitats, assumed to be optimal for breeding. Otherwise, the reproductive success estimates did not deviate from nests found in the core breeding areas in north-east Poland or Belarus. Brood feeding frequency (15.5 ± 1.0/hour) was similar to that observed in the Biebrza Marshes. Our results suggest that the calcareous fens at the margins of the current species’ range provide a suitable breeding habitat. However, as the nesting area has contracted, management programmes tailored to the ecological requirements of the Aquatic Warbler are required.
Understanding the gains from wage flexibility in a currency union: a fiscal policy connection
Authors: Okano Eiji , Inagaki Kazuyuki 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
We investigate two findings in Gali and Monacelli (2016, American Economic Review): (i) the effectiveness of labor cost adjustments on employment is much smaller in a currency union and (ii) an increase in wage flexibility often reduces welfare, more likely in an economy that is part of a currency union. First, we introduce a distorted steady state into Gali and Monacelli’s small open economy model, in which employment subsidies making the steady state efficient are not available, and replicate their two findings. Second, an endogenous fiscal policy rule similar to that in Bohn (1998, Quarterly Journal of Economics) is introduced with a government budget constraint in the model. The results suggest that while Gali and Monacelli’s first finding is still applicable, their second finding is not necessarily valid. Therefore, an increase in wage flexibility may reduce welfare loss in an economy that is part of a currency union as long as wage rigidity is sufficiently high. Thus, there is scope to discuss how wage flexibility benefits currency unions.
Breast organoid suspension cultures maintain long-term estrogen receptor expression and responsiveness
Authors: Chang Kung-Chi , Silvestri Francesca , Oliphant Michael U. J. , Martinez-Gakidis M. Angie , Orgill Dennis P. , Garber Judy E. , Dillon Deborah D. , Brugge Joan S. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOrganoid cultures offer a powerful technology to investigate many different aspects of development, physiology, and pathology of diverse tissues. Unlike standard tissue culture of primary breast epithelial cells, breast organoids preserve the epithelial lineages and architecture of the normal tissue. However, existing organoid culture methods are tedious, difficult to scale, and do not robustly retain estrogen receptor (ER) expression and responsiveness in long-term culture. Here, we describe a modified culture method to generate and maintain organoids as suspension cultures in reconstituted basement membrane (™Matrigel). This method improves organoid growth and uniformity compared to the conventional Matrigel dome embedding method, while maintaining the fidelity of the three major epithelial lineages. Using this adopted method, we are able to culture and passage purified hormone sensing (HS) cells that retain ER responsiveness upon estrogen stimulation in long-term culture. This culture system presents a valuable platform to study the events involved in initiation and evolution of ER-positive breast cancer.
Data efficient machine learning potentials for modeling catalytic reactivity via active learning and enhanced sampling
Authors: Perego Simone , Bonati Luigi 
Published: December 2024

AbstractSimulating catalytic reactivity under operative conditions poses a significant challenge due to the dynamic nature of the catalysts and the high computational cost of electronic structure calculations. Machine learning potentials offer a promising avenue to simulate dynamics at a fraction of the cost, but they require datasets containing all relevant configurations, particularly reactive ones. Here, we present a scheme to construct reactive potentials in a data-efficient manner. This is achieved by combining enhanced sampling methods first with Gaussian processes to discover transition paths and then with graph neural networks to obtain a uniformly accurate description. The necessary configurations are extracted via a Data-Efficient Active Learning (DEAL) procedure based on local environment uncertainty. We validated our approach by studying several reactions related to the decomposition of ammonia on iron-cobalt alloy catalysts. Our scheme proved to be efficient, requiring only ~1000 DFT calculations per reaction, and robust, sampling reactive configurations from the different accessible pathways. Using this potential, we calculated free energy profiles and characterized reaction mechanisms, showing the ability to provide microscopic insights into complex processes under dynamic conditions.
DYRK4 upregulates antiviral innate immunity by promoting IRF3 activation
Authors: Zeng Xianhuang , Xu Jiaqi , Liu Jiaqi , Liu Yang , Yang Siqi , Huang Junsong , Fan Chengpeng , Guo Mingxiong , Sun Guihong 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Viral infection activates the transcription factors IRF3 and NF-κB, which induce type I interferon (IFN) and antiviral innate immune responses. Here, we identify dual-specific tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 4 (DYRK4) as an important regulator of virus-triggered IFN-β induction and antiviral innate immunity. Overexpression of DYRK4 enhances virus-triggered activation of IRF3 and type I IFN induction, whereas knockdown or knockout of DYRK4 impairs virus-induced activation of IRF3 and NF-κB. Moreover, Dyrk4-knockout mice are more susceptible to viral infection. The underlying mechanism involves DYRK4 acting as a scaffold protein to recruit TRIM71 and LUBAC to IRF3, increasing IRF3 linear ubiquitination, maintaining IRF3 stability and activation during viral infection, and promoting the IRF3-mediated antiviral response. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying viral infection-triggered IRF3 stabilization and activation.
Vocal and Facial Behavior During Affect Production in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Kothare Hardik , Ramanarayanan Vikram , Neumann Michael , Liscombe Jackson , Richter Vanessa , Lampinen Linnea , Bai Alison , Preciado Cristian , Brogan Katherine , Demopoulos Carly 
Published: December 2024

Purpose:
We investigate the extent to which automated audiovisual metrics extracted during an affect production task show statistically significant differences between a cohort of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically developing controls.

Method:
Forty children with ASD and 21 neurotypical controls interacted with a multimodal conversational platform with a virtual agent, Tina, who guided them through tasks prompting facial and vocal communication of four emotions—happy, angry, sad, and afraid—under conditions of high and low verbal and social cognitive task demands.

Results:
Individuals with ASD exhibited greater standard deviation of the fundamental frequency of the voice with the minima and maxima of the pitch contour occurring at an earlier time point as compared to controls. The intensity and voice quality of emotional speech were also different between the two cohorts in certain conditions. Additionally, facial metrics capturing the acceleration of the lower lip, lip width, eye opening, and vertical displacement of the eyebrows were also important markers to distinguish between children with ASD and neurotypical controls. Both facial and speech metrics performed well above chance in group classification accuracy.

Conclusion:
Speech acoustic and facial metrics associated with affect production were effective in distinguishing between children with ASD and neurotypical controls.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28027796
Zwangsbehandlungen nach dem Betreuungsrecht in psychiatrischen
Kliniken in Deutschland: Ergebnisse einer Online-Umfrage
Authors: Stürner Lukas , Henking Tanja , Juckel Georg , Gather Jakov , Steinert Tilman 
Published: December 2024

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Ermittlung der Häufigkeit von ärztlichen Zwangsmaßnahmen
(Zwangsbehandlungen) nach dem Betreuungsrecht und deren Rahmenbedingungen.
Methode Befragung der ärztlichen Leiter:innen psychiatrischer
Einrichtungen mit Versorgungsverpflichtung in Deutschland mittels
Online-Umfrage.
Ergebnisse Die Rücklaufquote von N=397 befragten Einrichtungen betrug 43%.
90% der antwortenden Kliniken gaben an, in den letzten 5 Jahren ärztliche
Zwangsmaßnahmen nach Betreuungsrecht durchgeführt zu haben, überwiegend
Zwangsmedikationen. Eine Beteiligung bei Zwangsbehandlungen in somatischen
Krankenhäusern wurden nur selten berichtet. Eine systematische Erfassung solcher
Maßnahmen findet überwiegend nicht statt.
Schlussfolgerung Angesichts der lückenhaften Datenlage ist ein
bundesweites Register für derartige Maßnahmen erforderlich, das auch
Zwangsbehandlungen in somatischen Krankenhäusern umfassen sollte.
Reference Ranges for All: Implementing Reference Ranges for Transgender and Nonbinary Patients
Authors: Cardillo Anthony B. , Chen Dan , Haghi Nina , O'Donnell Luke , Jhang Jeffrey , Testa Paul A. , Genes Nicholas 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to highlight the necessity of developing and implementing appropriate reference ranges for transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) patient populations to minimize misinterpretation of laboratory results and ensure equitable health care.
Case Report We describe a situation where a TGNB patient's abnormal laboratory values were not flagged due to undefined reference ranges for gender “X” in the Laboratory Information System (LIS). Implementation of additional reference ranges mapped to sex label “X” showed significant improvement in flagging abnormal lab results, utilizing sex-invariant reporting as an interim solution while monitoring developments on TGNB-specific reference ranges.
Conclusion Informatics professionals should assess their institution's policies for registration and lab reporting on TGNB patients as nonimplementation poses significant patient safety risks. Best practices include using TGNB-specific reference ranges emerging in the literature, reporting both male and female reference ranges for clinical interpretation and sex-invariant reporting.
Quadrant kirigami-type electrothermal MEMS actuator with multi-degree-of-freedom morphing capability
Authors: Tsutsui Tomoya , Taguchi Yoshihiro , Hashimoto Masaaki 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Kirigami design principles have been widely applied to develop thermally responsive shape-morphing devices across various scales. However, the multi-degree-of-freedom (multi-DoF) morphing capabilities of microelectromechanical-systems (MEMS)-scale kirigami devices under localized Joule heating remain largely unexplored. This paper presents a quadrant kirigami-type electrothermal MEMS actuator with multi-DoF morphing capabilities, demonstrating both one-dimensional piston motion and two-dimensional (2D) tilting motion. The actuator, fabricated using surface and bulk micromachining techniques, features four independent electrical circuits, creating four electrothermally separated quadrants within the MEMS-scale kirigami structure. The temperature distribution within each quadrant of the actuator, subjected to localized Joule heating, was experimentally examined using thermography, revealing distinct temperature contrasts. The actuator demonstrated multi-DoF morphing capabilities, achieving a 2D tilting angular displacement of approximately 10° at 70 mW and a vertical piston displacement of 1.5 mm at 135 mW. These experimental results validate that the electrothermal quadrant design, leveraging localized Joule heating, enhances the DoF morphing capabilities of kirigami-type electrothermal MEMS actuators.
A Taylor–Leibniz expansion for time domain viscoelastic studies
Authors: Abercrombie Eric , McDaniel J Gregory 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Transient simulations of viscoelastic materials remain common, as does interest in the formulation of such simulations. This paper offers an alternative to the current set of solution schemes, including the Newmark-Beta or space-time Galerkin methods. The solution to an equation of motion for a viscoelastic simulation can be expressed by a Taylor series, when a Leibniz integration rule is applied to the time integral appearing in the viscoelastic stress equation. The result is a remarkably simple scheme to implement that also offers extremely rapid solution times. This effort includes a formulation of the approach, as well as numerical results for a simple mass and viscoelastic spring system, including an assessment of the number of Taylor series terms needed to accurately depict transient behavior. The paper outlines how the approach could be extended to finite element analysis and how complex loading conditions could be accounted for. Care is given in addressing the potential limitations of the approach.
Reactive laser ablation in liquid synthesis of aluminosilicate nanominerals
Authors: Weththasingha Chamari , Jackson Emily , Bertino Massimo , Wang Wei-Ning , Tibbetts Katharine Moore 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Nanoscale aluminosilicate minerals have wide ranging applications in areas including catalysis, environmental remediation, and medicine. This work reports a reactive laser ablation in liquid (RLAL) synthetic route to aluminosilicate nanominerals that enables facile tuning of their elemental composition, crystallinity, and morphology. Both the precursor solution pH and the choice of base used to adjust the pH were found to determine the properties of the nanominerals produced by laser ablation of a silicon target in aqueous solution of aluminum nitrate. Addition of ammonia produced amorphous phases with fiber- or tube-like morphologies and high aluminum content under alkaline conditions. In contrast, the addition of potassium hydroxide produced highly crystalline quasi-spherical particles, with numerous aluminum silicate and potassium aluminum silicate phases. These results show that manipulation of the precursor solution chemistry for RLAL can produce aluminosilicate nanominerals with a wide range of properties, demonstrating the flexibility of RLAL for synthesis of tailored nanominerals for specific applications.
Exploring the performance of a DOI-capable TOF-PET module using different SiPMs, customized and commercial readout electronics
Authors: Terragni Giulia , Nadig Vanessa , Tribbia Elena , di Gangi Stefano , Toumparidou Ekaterini , Meyer Thomas , Marton Johann , Schulz Volkmar , Gundacker Stefan , Pizzichemi Marco , Auffray Etiennette 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Objective. Time resolution is crucial in positron emission tomography (PET) to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio and image quality. Moreover, high sensitivity requires long scintillators, which can cause distortions in the reconstructed images due to parallax effects. This study evaluates the performance of a time-of-flight (TOF)-PET module that makes use of a single-side readout of a

4
×
4

3.1
×
3.1
×
15

mm3 LYSO:Ce matrix with an array of

4
×
4

silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) and a light guide to extract high-resolution TOF and depth of interaction (DOI) information. Approach. This study assesses the performance of the detector prototype using the commercially available TOFPET2 ASIC and SiPMs from various producers. DOI and TOF performance are compared to results using custom-made NINO 32-chip based electronics. Main results. Using a Broadcom NUV-MT array, the detector module read out by the TOFPET2 ASIC demonstrates a DOI resolution of 2.6 ± 0.2 mm full width at half maximum (FWHM) and a coincidence time resolution (CTR) of 216 ± 6 ps FWHM. When read out using the NINO 32-chip based electronics, the same module achieves a DOI resolution of 2.5 ± 0.2 mm and a CTR of 170 ± 5 ps. Significance. The prototype module, read out by commercial electronics and using state-of-the-art SiPMs, achieves a DOI performance comparable to that obtained with custom-made electronics and a CTR of around 200 ps. This approach is scalable to thousands of channels, with only a deterioration in timing resolution compared to the custom-made electronics, which achieve a CTR of 140 ps using a standard non-DOI module.
A DFT-based insight into the mechanical, structural, thermoelectric and optoelectronic attributes of Cs2YCuX6 (X=Br, I) double perovskites for green energies
Authors: Jamil Muhammad , Munir Junaid , Ain Quratul , Aldwayyan Abdullah S. , Ghaithan Hamid , Ali Ahmed Abdullah Ahmed , Qaid Saif M H 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Halide perovskite structures have bandgap tunability and are environmentally neutral, making them useful for future studies. In this current manuscript, we have theoretically investigated the physical traits of Cs2YCuX6 (X=Br, I) using the FP-LAPW technique embedded in Wien2K simulations. Both compounds exhibits thermodynamically, dynamic and structural stability confirmed through formation energies, phonon and volume optimization curves. Isotropic nature is reveled for Cs2YCuBr6, while anisotropic behavior is observed for Cs2YCuI6. The mechanical properties further disclose that these materials are ductile. For Cs2YCuBr6 and Cs2YCuI6, the electronic characteristics reveal indirect band gaps of 2.37 eV and 2.16 eV, respectively. The addition SOC effect leads to a small impact on the electronic structure of these halides. The ultraviolet area is where materials absorb most light, indicating their potential for use in UV-based optoelectronic devices. The examined transport characteristics depict the high ZT values of 0.75 and 0.77 for Cs2YCuBr6 and Cs2YCuI6, respectively. This study emphasizes the potential of Cs₂YCuX₆ (X=Br, I) for high-performance ultraviolet optoelectronic devices and thermoelectric applications, rendering them interesting options for renewable energy technology.
Fabrication and acoustic absorption properties of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber membranes
Authors: Huang Chenyan , Liu Yalong , Yang Shu , Xiang Hongming , Jin Ying , Cao Saihong , Chen Kaikai 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
As noise pollution becomes an increasingly important environmental issue, the development of advanced materials for noise reduction has attracted widespread attention. Nanofiber membranes, due to their high specific surface area, low density, and unique porous structure, exhibit excellent sound absorption performance, especially in the mid-to-low frequency range. In this study, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber membranes with different mass fractions were fabricated using the electrospinning technique to investigate their sound absorption properties. The acoustic characteristics of the nanofiber membranes were analyzed through experiments and COMSOL simulation. The results showed that the resonant absorption frequency shifted towards lower frequencies with the increase in cavity size. The PAN nanofiber membranes with an 18% mass fraction exhibited the highest porosity due to its unique structure, resulting in an excellent sound absorption coefficient at the same thickness and good mechanical properties. Therefore, the 18% PAN nanofiber membranes is considered a promising material for noise reduction in practical applications.
Acetone sensitivity and quantum capacitance of novel modified TiO2 nanosheet: A DFT investigation
Authors: Khan Z R , Shahzad Khan Md , Abbas Zaheer , Alshammari Abdullah S , Bouzidi M , Mohamed Mansour 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Despite being relatively new to 2D nanoworld, TiO2 nanosheets (TiO2NS) are rapidly gaining prominence as highly effective materials for chemical sensor, photocatalysis and electrochemical energy storage. In this study, the potential of density functional theory employ to thoroughly investigate how defects and dopants influence the physical properties of TiO2 nanosheets (TiO2NS). Our research aims to reveal the fascinating interactions that occur between both pristine and defective lepidocrocite-type TiO2 nanosheets when exposed to acetone molecules. Furthermore, we are eager to explore the compelling concept of quantum capacitance in the defected and doped nanosheets, opening new avenues for innovation in material science. The TiO2NS having an energy band gap of 3.48 eV, exhibits new impurity state near the Fermi level on incorporation of oxygen or titanium vacancy (OV or TiV). These states in the OV(1)/TiV(3)- TiO2NS play an important role in holding acetone molecules with adsorption energies (Eads) of −2.37 eV/–1.83 eV. Various electronic analyses, including Mulliken population, inter-frontier orbital, and electron difference density (EDD) plots, all point to an apparent dispersion of electronic charge from acetone to the OV(1)/TiV(3)-TiO2NS. Contrary to these findings the pristine and OV(2)-TiO2 nanosheets weakly hold the acetone molecule. Engineering the surface morphology of TiO2NS either by creating OV/TiV defect or N/Sc/V doping results in robust quantum capacitance appearing in the electrolytic range of −1.00 V to 1.00 V. Titanium deficient TiO2NS has wide spread large CQ spectra with CQmax and Qmax of 1198 μF cm−2 and 512 μC cm−2; respectively. The OV(1)/OV(2)- TiO2NS shows low intense CQ peaks in negative voltage region. Doping with N, Sc, and V has a profound impact on the quantum capacitance of TiO2NS. In particular, Sc doping introduces remarkable CQ spectra in the positive region. This demonstrates that defected and doped TiO2NS holds great promise for applications in acetone sensing and energy storage devices.
Optimized orthogonal transformed CKF and its application in initial alignment
Authors: Wang Wei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The paper first analyzes the impact of nonlocal sampling problem on the high order estimation errors of sigma point filter. Then, we introduce that how TCKF reduces the impact of nonlocal sampling on filtering by introducing orthogonal matrices to sigma points generating framework, thus improving the estimation accuracy of high order terms. In order to further reduce the high order estimation errors of CKF, an orthogonal matrix cluster and PSO optimization algorithm are introduced in this paper. By minimizing the coefficients of the 4-th order terms of the Taylor series of state estimation, the optimized orthogonal matrix is obtained, and then the improved TCKF algorithm is proposed. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated through simulation experiments and turntable initial alignment experiment. The method proposed in this paper has good generality for 2nd order and above sigma point filtering algorithm.