bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in the association between self-reported sleep duration, insomnia symptoms and cardiometabolic risk factors: cross-sectional findings from from Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health
Authors: Silva-Costa Aline , Rotenberg Lucia , Nobre Aline Araujo , Chor Dora , Aquino Estela , Melo Enirtes Caetano , Barreto Sandhi , Schmidt Maria Inês , Griep Rosane Härter 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The U-shaped associations between sleep durations and cardiometabolic risk factors (glycated hemoglobin levels, obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension and HDL-cholesterol levels) are still inconclusive. Moreover, as sleep is comprised of quantitative and qualitative aspects, exploring both insomnia symptoms and sleep duration are relevant when evaluating the potential effects of sleep problems on health. The aim was to evaluate sex-specific associations between sleep problems and cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from wave two of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), including 7,491 women and 6,232 men. Questionnaires were administered to provide information about socioeconomic conditions, lifestyle, and sleep characteristics. A 12-hour fasting blood sample was drawn to measure serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and glycated hemoglobin. Blood pressure, weight and height were also measured using standard equipment. Generalized additive models were used to evaluate the curve shape of the relationship between self-reported sleep duration and the outcomes. Logistic regression was performed to investigate the magnitude of the associations of self-reported sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, and short sleep plus insomnia symptoms with cardiometabolic risk factors. Results: For women, self-reported sleep duration and insomnia symptoms (either separately or linked to short sleep duration) were associated with obesity, hypertension and glycated hemoglobin after adjusting for the confounders. The magnitudes of the associations between self-reported short sleep duration plus insomnia symptoms and the outcomes were slightly increased, considering sleep duration or insomnia symptoms separately. For men, both long sleep duration and insomnia symptoms were associated with hypertriglyceridemia after adjusted for the confounders. Conclusion: These findings suggest possible sex-specific patterns, since obesity, hypertension and high glycated hemoglobin were associated with self-reported sleep duration and insomnia symptoms in women, but not in men, and reinforce the importance of considering quantitative and qualitative aspects of sleep for the prevention and management of the outcomes.
Incidence Rates, Risk Factors, and Mortality Rates of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: A meta-analysis.
Authors: Wang Haixia , Yi Mo , Jia Yuanmin , Li Yizhang , Bai Chenxiao , Jiang Di , Chen Ou 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the second most common nosocomial infection in Intensive care units (ICUs) and is associated with the significant utilization of health-care resources. However, the incidence rates, risk factors and mortality rates of VAP are controversial.Methods: The Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed and Cochrane Library databases through May 2020 were independently searched by two researchers to collect all relevant studies. Data including incidence rates, risk factors and mortality rates of VAP were extracted for the meta-analysis.Results: 24 studies, including 10 retrospective studies and 14 prospective studies on VAP were included in our analysis. In the meta-analysis, we found that the VAP rate was 20/1000 ventilator-days (95% confidence interval (CI) 17–22%). The data demonstrated that trauma (odds ratio (OR) 1.51; 95% CI 1.21-1.88), steroids use (OR 1.51; 95% CI 1.25-1.82), enteral feeding (OR 3.40; 95% CI 2.56-4.52), nasogastric tube placement (OR 2.96; 95% CI 1.75-5.00), tracheostomy (OR 3.65; 95% CI 1.93-6.90), reintubation (OR 6.08; 95% CI 4.62-8.00), central vascular catheter (CVC) placement (OR 3.83; 95% CI 2.55-5.77), blood transfusion(OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.16-2.64), H2 blockers use (OR 2.28; 95% CI 1.27-4.07) and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)(OR 1.24; 95% CI 1.07-1.44) were risk factors of VAP. When patients developed VAP, duration of ICU stay (OR 11.09; 95% CI 7.50-14.68) and duration of mechanical ventilation (MV) (OR 12.96; 95% CI 10.42-15.51) were significantly increased. What’s more, VAP was associated with an increased risk of mortality (OR 1.38; 95% CI 1.04-1.83).ConclusionsThis study may contribute to the development of improved infection control strategies for high-risk patients. Additional studies are needed in the future to clarify the incidence rates, risk factors and mortality rates of VAP.
Catalog of small repeating earthquakes for the Japanese Islands
Authors: Igarashi Toshihiro 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Groups of repeating earthquakes, which occur in approximately the same location and possess a similar focal mechanism, have been extracted in various tectonic environments worldwide. Their recurrence interval has been used to estimate the spatiotemporal evolution of aseismic slip along major tectonic boundaries. Furthermore, slight changes between the waveforms of repeating earthquakes have been analyzed to delineate temporal changes in the local seismic velocity structure. Here we construct a long-term catalog of small repeating earthquakes in the central Japan since 1981 and throughout the Japanese Islands since 2001 (2001–2019) based on waveform similarity and relative source locations. Most of the long-duration sequences are located near the strongly coupled areas of the Philippine Sea and Pacific plates as they subduct from the Ryukyu-Nankai-Sagami and Kuril–Japan trenches, respectively. Many of the repeating sequences that occur in shallow crustal environments are short-lived. This repeating earthquake catalog allows us to estimate the slip history along each tectonic boundary. We believe that this and similar catalogs will be useful for future investigations of source processes, temporal slip and stress changes along faults, and local velocity structures, thereby providing new insights into earthquake generation mechanisms.
Decreased CXCL5 expression associated with intrauterine adhesions in a rat model and human endometrial tissues
Authors: Sun Shiying , Fang Zi-Ang , Gao Yang , He Yu , Sun Chao , Zhan Lei , Zhou Guiju , Wei Bing 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is a consequence of endometrium damage, leading to infertility, recurrent miscarriage, and various complications of pregnancy. IUA usually occurs after an infection or injury-related inflammation of the endometrium. CXCL5, a member of chemokines, is associated with the remodeling of connective tissues, but its roles in the formation of IUA remain uncertain. This study aims to investigate the expression and effect of CXCL5 in the development of IUA.
Results

CXCL5 protein level in the endometrium of IUA rat is significantly decreased compared with that in normal and sham-operated endometria of rats (P < 0.001). Furthermore, real-time PCR and western blotting assays also show that the CXCL5 expression in endometrial tissues from IUA patients is much lower than that in normal endometrium (P < 0.01), which is consistent with the results based on the rat model. CXCL5 significantly up-regulates MMP9 expression and slightly up-regulates p65 expression in human endometrial cells after CXCL5 overexpression.
Conclusions

These results show that CXCL5 plays an important role in the inhibition of IUA formation after injury by modulating MMP9 expression and therefore has a protective effect of CXCL5 in the adhesion formation of IUA. These findings provide valuable information for evaluating prognosis and guiding therapy of intrauterine adhesions.
Diffusion kurtosis imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging-based classification of acute stroke lesions in the brain: A pilot study
Authors: Liu Xin , Chen Songsen , Chen Fang , Wang Lei , Afsar Khan , Guo Gang , Yan Gen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: We postulated that diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) could classify heterogeneous stroke lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and improve our understanding of the characteristics of tissue injury. We aimed to retrospectively study different DKI parameters in patients with acute stroke reported in the literature. Methods: We collected the DWI and DKI data of 41 patients (26 men, 15 women), including 86 cases of acute cerebral infarction in different brain regions. Of them, 20 patients had single infarction, whereas others had multiple infarctions. Acute cerebral infarction lesions were classified into two categories based on DKI and DWI parameters: type I, matched DKI and DWI parameters and type II, mismatched DKI and DWI parameters. Regions of interest (ROIs) were outlined within the most severely infarcted areas of each lesion according to each independent parametric map. In the control groups, same-sized ROIs were located in the corresponding region of the normal contralateral hemisphere. In both categories, DKI and DWI parameters followed a normal Gaussian distribution. We used the independent sample t-test to compare the differences in each group. Results: In type I cases, fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity, radial diffusivity, mean kurtosis (MK), and axial kurtosis (Ka) values were significantly different (P<0.05). In type II cases, only MK and Ka values were significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusions: DKI can provide more information on acute ischemic brain infarction and enrich our understanding of ischemic tissue injury. This DKI and DWI parameters-based classification of acute stroke lesions may confer a renewed understanding of infarction cores.
Identified and Validated the Characterization of the Colorectal Cancer Tumor Immune Microenvironment
Authors: Han Peng , Chen yu De , Yang Feng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

While the administration of immunotherapy can facilitate the development of durable anti-tumor immunity in certain colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.This study was therefore designed to conduct a robust analysis of the CRC immune microenvironment to identify specific genes and pathways that can be targeted in an effort to achieve more effective immunotherapy outcomes.
Methods

Using five Independent data sets, we analyzed expression profiles associated with 29 different immune signatures, and we used these profiles to guide the hierarchical clustering of CRC samples based on their immune microenvironmental composition.
Results

We were able to cluster our CRC samples based on whether they had exhibited high, medium, or low levels of infiltration by immune cell types associated with tumor clearance (Immunity_H, Immunity_M, and Immunity_L, respectively). Samples in the Immunity_H subset exhibited a “hot” immune microenvironment, with higher stromal scores, higher immune scores, and lower tumor purity. The microsatellite instability (MSI) group included the majority of the Immunity_H samples, whereas most Immunity_M and Immunity_L samples were incorporated into the microsatellite stability (MSS) .The vast majority of patients with KRAS mutations were in the Immunity_L and MSS groups, whereas the majority of patients exhibiting BRAF V600E mutations were found in the Immunity_H and MSI-H samples. TMB high samples included a majority of the Immunity_H samples and a small subset of the Immunity_M samples.
Conclusions

Our results identify three reproducibly validated immune subtypes of CRC tumor samples, potentially offering valuable insights that may guide the immunotherapeutic treatment of these patients.
Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms in the Turkish Population are associated with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Hoscan Ahmet Yahya , Bulan Batuhan , Keskin Senanur , Cavus Ayse , Culcu Elif Asena , Isik Nihal , List Edward O , Arman Ahmet 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease characterized by demyelination and axonal degeneration affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Unfortunately, very little is known about the etiology of this disease. Among the genetic factors suggested to be associated with this disease are polymorphisms to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). However, there is disagreement in the literature on this topic. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) are associated with MS. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship of MS disease with VDR Fok-I, Bsm-I and Taq-I polymorphisms in Turkish population.Method: This study contains 271 MS patients and 203 healthy controls. Blood samples were taken from each subject to isolate genomic DNA by salting out method. VDR gene Fok-I, Bsm-I and Taq-I polymorphism regions for each patient and control were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were digested, and the genotypes were determined based on size of digested PCR products. Results: Our results demonstrate associations between MS disease and distribution of VDR Fok-I T/T polymorphism genotype, VDR Fok-I T allele frequency, distribution of VDR Taq-I C/C polymorphism genotype and VDR Taq-I C allele frequency (Pearson test, p<0,05). However, there was no relationship between MS disease and VDR Bsm-I polymorphisms for genotype distribution (Pearson test, p>0,05) or allele frequency (Pearson test, p>0,05). Furthermore, there was also an association between subtypes of MS disease and VDR Fok-I allele frequency (Pearson test, p<0,05) but distribution of VDR Fok-I genotype was not associated with subtypes of MS (Pearson test, p>0,05). No meaningful association was found between subtypes of MS for genotypes distribution and allele frequencies of Bsm-I and Taq-I polymorphisms (Pearson test, p>0,05).Conclusion: Fok-I and Taq-I VDR gene polymorphisms are significantly associated with MS disease in the Turkish population. However, there is no association between MS and the VDR gene Bsm-I polymorphism.
WNK1 Antagonist Decreased Sevoflurane-induced Neurotoxicity in HT22 Hippocampal Neurons via the WNK1/NKCC1 Signalling Pathway
Authors: Bai Yafan , Li WenJing , Li JunFa , An LiXin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Children repeatedly exposed to anaesthesia have a high risk of cognitive impairment. The GABAAR plays an important role in the neurotoxicity caused by sevoflurane, but the mechanism of its regulation in this context is unknown. The present study aimed to reveal the WNK1/NKCC1 pathway as a regulator of the neurotoxicity caused by sevoflurane on the HT22 hippocampal neuron cell line. Methods: In this study, HT22 hippocampal neurons were used as the research object. A model of sevoflurane treatment was established. HT22 cultured hippocampal neurons were divided into three groups: control group, 4.1% sevoflurane treatment group for 6h, WNK-463 (specific antagonist of WNK1, 1µmol) + sevoflurane treatment group. Cell viability and the optimum concentration of WNK-463 were measured by MTS method. Indicators of neuron injury: cell viability was detected by MTS method, cell apoptosis was detected by Tunel method, and the content of cleaved caspase-3 protein apoptosis factor was detected by Western blot. Pathway protein detection: the expression of WNK1, NKCC1 was detected. Calcium imaging measures intracellular calcium ion concentration and verifies downstream targets.Results: The neurotoxic effects of sevoflurane on hippocampal neurons were observed. Cell viability was reduced, the apoptotic cell rate was increased, and cleaved caspase-3 was upregulated after 4% sevoflurane exposure for 6 h. WNK-463 downregulated the protein expression of cleaved caspase-3, increased cell viability and decreased apoptosis in sevoflurane-injured neurons. Compared with the control HT22 cells, sevoflurane increased the expression of WNK1 kinase and NKCC1 protein, whereas WNK-463 reversed this increase without affecting the control HT22 cells. Sevoflurane exposure in HT22 cells caused intracellular Ca2+ concentrations to increase, while WNK-463 reversed this change. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a neuroprotective role of the WNK1 antagonist WNK-463 in sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity. WNK-463 promoted hippocampal neuron viability and reduced the apoptosis and intracellular calcium overload caused by sevoflurane on HT22 hippocampal neurons, possibly via the modulation of the WNK1/NKCC1 pathway.
Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of circular RNA circ-ITCH expression in cancer patients: a meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Xiao-Dong , Huan Chen , Sun Da-Wei , Lv Guo-yue 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Circular RNAs are a class of noncoding RNAs, and several members of them have been reported to be capable of regulating various biological processes and predicting the outcome of disease. Among them, circular RNA circ-ITCH has been identified to be aberrantly expressed and associated with disease progression in diverse cancers. However, the relationship between circ-ITCH expression and clinicopathological features, as well as prognosis of cancers, remains inconclusive. Material and methods: Up to April 30th, 2020, relevant articles were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang databases. A meta-analysis was performed to investigate the clinical significance of circ-ITCH in cancers by systematically summarizing all eligible literatures. Results: A total of 1 456 patients from 12 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that cancer patients with low circ-ITCH expression were more susceptible to develop lymph node metastasis (OR=2.26, 95% CI:1.63-3.13, P=0.000), and were associated with larger tumor size (OR=2.69, 95%CI:1.76-4.12, P=0.000), advanced TNM stage (OR=2.57, 95%CI:1.63-4.06, P=0.000), as well as poor overall survival (OS) (HR=2.51, 95%CI:2.09-3.02, P=0.000, univariate analysis; HR=2.69, 95%CI:1.82-3.96, P=0.000, multivariate analysis). Conclusion: Low circ-ITCH expression was significantly associated with aggressive clinicopathological features and unfavorable outcome in various cancers. Therefore, circ-ITCH may serve as a molecular therapy target and a prognostic marker in cancers.
Antibacterial Function of Chromium Nanoparticles Against K. Pneumonia, E. coli and P. typhus
Authors: Tailor Giriraj , Chaudhary Jyoti , Joshi Ajit , Verma Deepshikha , Michael Osahon 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The bioactive chromium nanoparticles were synthesized by calcination followed by thermal decomposition method. The antibacterial activity of chromium nanoparticles diffused in Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO). The antibacterial activity of chromium nanoparticles carried out against significant human pathogens (gram negative bacteria) viz, K. pneumonia, E. coli and P. typhus using agar diffusion cup plate method at 100 µg/ml concentration. The highest zone of inhibition was observed (12.0 mm) against K. pneumonia and lowest zone of inhibition (7.0 mm) E. coli. Thus, the outcomes of these studies suggest that synthesized chromium nanoparticles are of clinical importance.
Association Between Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Breast Cancer Susceptibility Genes and Clinicopathological Characteristics
Authors: Zhang Kejing , Tang Lili , Wang Shouman , Yang Yuan , Wang Hao , Zhou Zhiyang , Pang Jian , Chen Feiyu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the associations between seven tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tSNPs) and risk of breast cancer assessed by tumor pathological characteristics and body mass index (BMI).Methods Seven tSNPs of four breast cancer susceptibility genes were analyzed in 734 Chinese women with breast cancer and 672 age-matched healthy controls, then the association with clinicopathological characteristics, BMI, molecular subtype, TNM staging and lymph node status, was determined.Results Two tSNPs, rs12951053 located in TP53 and rs16945628 in BRIP1, displayed increased risk of breast cancer in the BMI ≧ 25 kg/m2 group (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.02–2.21, P = 0.041 and OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.13–3.26, P = 0.015, respectively). The other five tSNPs (rs1805812, rs2735385 and rs6999227 in NBS1, rs7220719 in BRIP1 and rs2299941 in PTEN) displayed a decreased risk of breast cancer in the 18.5 ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m2 group. Two tSNPs, rs12951053 in TP53 and rs7220719 in BRIP1 exhibited an increased risk of triple-negative breast cancer (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.05–2.15, P = 0.026 and OR = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.05–4.29, P = 0.032, respectively), and the three tSNPs in NBS1 (rs1805812, rs2735385 and rs6999227) all displayed negative association with both luminal B breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer. The tSNP rs2299941 in PTEN also exhibited a negative association with each breast cancer molecular subtype, except triple-negative breast cancer. The majority of tSNPs displayed a negative association with stage II or III breast cancer. A number of tSNPs showed a negative association with breast cancer that was lymph node negative or with 1–3 positive nodes. Only one tSNP, rs12951053 in TP53 displayed a positive association with lymph node negative breast cancer (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.08–1.91, P = 0.013).Conclusions The majority of tSNPs displayed a negative association with breast cancer and only a few tSNPs (rs12951053 in TP53, rs16945628 and rs7220719 in BRIP1) showed an increased risk of breast cancer as defined by clinicopathological characteristics.
Determinants of Perinatal Birth Asphyxia Among Preterm Babies in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies Protocol
Authors: Tadesse Abay woday , Dessalegn Muluken , Birara Setognal , Urmale Kusse , Biset Gebeyaw , Eshetie Sisay , Alemayehu Mekuriyaw 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Birth asphyxia among preterm babies accounted for nearly fifty percent of neonatal mortality in sub-Saharan African countries. This scenario has been worst in Ethiopia where every two out of three deaths attributed to birth asphyxia. Moreover, studies conducted in Ethiopia lack consistency in the prevalence and risk factors of birth asphyxia. Objective: This study aims to analyses collectively and systematically prevalence of birth asphyxia and associated factors among preterm neonates in Ethiopia. Methods: The protocol for this review is registered at PROSPERO with registration number CRD42020158224. A comprehensive search of the following electronic databases were made using: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, web science, HINARI, Cochrane library, Google Scholar and maternity & infant care databases as well as grey literature uploaded at Ethiopian Health Development Journal will be searched until June 30, 2020. The quality of studies will be assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist. Three reviewers will screen all retrieved articles, conduct data extraction, and then critically appraise all identified studies. All identified observational studies reporting the prevalence of birth asphyxia and associated factors among neonates in Ethiopia will be considered. The analysis of data will be done using STATA 14.0 statistical software. We will demonstrate pooled estimates and determinants of neonatal mortality with effect size and 95% confidence interval. Heterogeneity among the included studies will be assessed through the Cochrane Q-test statistics and I2 test. Furthermore, publication bias will be checked using funnel plot and egger’s test. Finally, statistical significance level will be declared at a p-value less than 0.05. Discussion: the result from this systematic review will inform and guide health policy planners to invest limited resources on maternal and neonatal health. Furthermore, it will be a stimulus for future cumulative meta-analysis researchers in developing nations.