bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kajian Manfaat Senyawa Aktif dalam Ekstrak Kulit Buah Coklat (Theobroma Cacao )
Authors: - Sukatik - , - Rahmi Hidayati , Putra Roni Tri , - Ratih Paramitha 
Published: April 2020

Identification of active compounds in cacao pod rind has been done. Cacao pod rind contained active compound alkaloid, theobromine (3,7-dimethylxanthine). Cacao pod rind extract contained some other active compounds mixed flavonoid or condensed tannin such as anthocyanin, anthocyanidin, catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, and leucoanthocyanidin.
Cacao pod rind was extracted by maceration using methanol 70% and fractionated with hexane and ethyl acetate to obtain polar extracts. This study used an experimental method that was analyzed descriptively using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS).
Phytochemical screening test showed cocoa pod rind extracts contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and saponins. GC-MS analysis showed that cacao pod rind extracts contained 24 compounds. Polar extracts analysis with LC-MS obtained 10 compounds contained hydroxy groups, which can be used as corrosion inhibitors on metal. The result of this study showed that cocoa pod rind has potential as corrosion inhibitor. It also has potential as an anti-bacterial and antioxidant.
Implementasi Kebijakan Peraturan Wali Kota Bogor Nomor 61 Tahun 2018 tentang Pengurangan Penggunaan Kantong Plastik di Kota Bogor
Authors: Islami Siti Shopiatul , Purnamasari Irma , Seran G. Goris 
Published: April 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui implementasi kebijakan Peraturan Wali Kota Bogor Nomor 61 Tahun 2018 tentang Pengurangan Penggunaan Kantong Plastik di Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori ambiguitas-konflik implementasi kebijakan dari Richard E. Matland yang mencakup empat dimensi, yaitu ketepatan kebijakan, ketepatan pelaksana, ketepatan target, dan ketepatan lingkungan. Metode penelitian bersifat deskriptif-kualitatif. Responden penelitian adalah pegawai Bidang Tata Lingkungan Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Bogor dan 19 Pusat Perbelanjaan dan Pertokoan Modern di Kota Bogor. Instrumen utama pengumpulan data adalah kuesioner, yang kemudian dibantu dengan wawancara, pengamatan dan pustaka/dokumentasi. Data yang telah dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan rumus Weight Mean Score untuk mendapatkan skor rerata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan pengurangan penggunaan kantong plastik di Kota Bogor adalah baik. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari penerapan program yang berjalan sesuai aturan dan angka penurunan penggunaan kantong plastik yang signifikan. Implementasi kebijakan peraturan ini menunjukkan administrative implementation, dimana terdapat tingkat ambiguitas yang rendah dan tingkat konflik yang rendah di antara pelaksana kebijakan, sasaran kebijakan dan masyarakat pengguna. Namun ditemukan masih sangat rendahnya pemahaman masyarakat mengenai lingkungan. Kata kunci: Kota Bogor, Pengurangan Penggunaan Kantong Plastik, Implementasi Kebijakan, Pusat Perbelanjaan dan Pertokoan Modern.
Makna Konotasi Rebranding Logo TVRI
Authors: Tinarbuko Sumbo 
Published: April 2020

Tulisan ini dibuat guna memahami makna konotasi pada tanda serta pesan komunikasi visual yang terkandung dalam rebranding logo TVRI. Bagi desainer komunikasi visual, mempelajari dan memanfaatkan semiotika komunikasi visual untuk memahami tanda verbal dan tanda visual serta makna konotasi rebranding logo TVRI menjadi sangat penting. Hal penting lainnya, desainer komunikasi visual sebagai produsen tanda akan lebih kreatif dalam menciptakan tanda verbal dan tanda visual serta pesan verbal dan pesan visual. Tulisan ini dibuat menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan mendeskripsikan dan menginterpretasikan makna konotasi rebranding logo TVRI berdasarkan bangunan teori semiotika, teori desain komunikasi visual dan teori branding. Metode analisis semiotika komunikasi visual ditawarkan dan digunakan sebagai metode analisis tanda dan pesan komunikasi visual rebranding logo TVRI. Prosesnya dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan analisis Triadik Sumbo Tinarbuko. Konsep analisis Triadik Sumbo Tinarbuko penulis ciptakan untuk mengidentifikasikan, mendeskripsikan dan memahami makna konotasi tanda verbal dan tanda visual serta pesan verbal dan pesan visual yang terkandung dalam rebranding logo TVRI.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression among People Attempting Suicide
Authors: Niroula Riju , Upadhyay Hari Prasad 
Published: April 2020

Background: Suicide is the act of taking one's own life. Suicidal attempts, (both fatal and nonfatal) are a challenging public health issue. Suicide causes heavy morbidity and mortality in the most productive group of a community. This study was aimed to calculate the prevalence rate of major depressive disorder among persons who attempted suicide and also to measure the severity of suicidal ideation.
Methods: The study involved 50 persons above 18years of age of both sexes who has attempted suicide in the recent past. An informed consent was obtained from all of them. The prevalence of depression among those suicide attempters was studied based on major ICD- 10 depression inventory. Also, suicide intent rating based on Beck’s suicide intent scale was done to assess the severity of suicide attempt. Questionnaire was given and the details were collected.
Results: The prevalence of depression is estimated to be 38% (with 95% CI 25.86% to 51.85%) among the suicide attempters and 10% showed high intent for suicide.statistically significant factors are age (p-value <0.001), gender (p-value=0.002) and suicide intent (p-value <0.001).
Conclusions: Prevalence of depression is common among people who attempt suicide. Early diagnosis and intervention will reduce suicide attempts.
Effect of Occlusal Reduction on Postoperative Pain in Teeth with Irreversible Pulpitis and Mild Tenderness to Percussion
Authors: Ghimire Siddharth , Dixit Punam Basnet , Roy Deepak Kumar , Dhital Sweta , Dahal Sirjana 
Published: April 2020

Background: One of the most important aspects during endodontic treatment is to control pain during and after root canal treatment. Occlusal reduction has been widely used after root canal treatment to reduce post treatment pain and flare up. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of occlusal reduction on postoperative pain in teeth with irreversible pulpitis and tenderness to percussion.
Methods: Forty-eight patients with irreversible pulpitis and mild tenderness to percussion were allocated into two groups; occlusal tooth reduction group and no occlusal tooth reduction group. After root canal instrumentation, patients were recalled after 24 hours, 2nd day, 3rd day, 4th day, 5th day and 6th day to record their postoperative pain on the Visual Analogue Scale. The final outcome that is mean post instrumentation pain score was measured till 6 days of post instrumentation. Data was collected and entered in Microsoft Excel sheet and analysis was done using Statistical Package of Social Sciences software version 20.
Results: There was no significant difference in postoperative pain between the 2 groups (P > .05) after root canal preparation.
Conclusions: Occlusal surface reduction did not provide any further reduction in postoperative pain for teeth with irreversible pulpitis and mild tenderness to percussion compared with no occlusal reduction.
Keywords: endodontic preparation; occlusal reduction; postoperative pain; root canal treatment.
The relationship between safety management and patient safety culture in Cancer Treatment Centers
Authors: Maher Ali , Monfared Mohammad , Jafari Mehrnoosh 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Enhancement of patient safety represents a principle objective followed by any health system, and it is necessary to consistently monitor the patient safety culture among nurses. Adopted by health service providers, the patient safety culture is described as the acceptance and maintenance of the patient safety as a common priority and value across the organization, or representation of the common patient safety-related values, beliefs, perceptions, and attitudes among the staff at centers providing health services, as expressed in their behaviors. Given the importance of this topic, the present research investigates the state of safety management in the relationship between safety management and patient safety culture in Cancer Treatment Centers, so as to study the patient safety culture among the personnel at the hospitals.
Methods: The present research plan is an applied study following a descriptive aim via a correlational methodology. Validity of the questionnaires used in this research was confirmed based on opinions of five experts, with the reliability of the results among the observers confirmed by a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.86. The statistical population included three training hospitals in the city of Kermanshah, where different departments such as management, operating rooms, nurses, and the committee of safety and incidents were investigated during 2017-2018.
Results: Based on the findings of the present research, significant direct relationships were observed between the patient safety culture and safety management variables (e.g., operating room standards assessment, the committee of safety and incidents, hospitalization wards assessment, hospital accreditation score, hospital structure, and hospital organization), and an inverse relationship was obtained between the hospital occupancy rate and the patient safety culture.
Conclusion: Determination of safety policies by the management, keeping the personnel well-trained, and continuous reports by the personnel tend to enhance the level of safety across a hospital, thereby adding to the safety culture and productivity of the hospital while reducing potential safety risks. Accordingly, in order to enhance patient safety, it is necessary to adequately invest on the assessment of the safety culture.
Assessment and evaluation of occupational stress among safety authorities: By possibility of cancer
Authors: Jaddi Madarsara Tayyebeh , Yari Saeed , Saeidabadi Hamzeh 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Protecting the workforce (the main factor in production entities) in the workplace is a top priority for any country. Therefore, the Ministry of Cooperation, Labor and Social Welfare, in order to achieve this and implement Article 85 of the Labor Code, has prepared and approved the bylaws on the use of safety officials in the workshops as liaison between industries and departments of Cooperation, Labor and Social Welfare, This confirms the special role of the safety authorities and, consequently, the job stresses of these industry workers.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2017 with a population of 33 people (14 women and 19 men) from safety authorities working in Alborz industries with a working experience of 5.93±3.99. A 35-item questionnaire from the British Health and Safety Executive was used to investigate the factors affecting stress, it has a strong correlation between the 7 elements of the questionnaire (Role 0.92, relationship 0.73, authority support 0.75, coworker support 0.63, control 0.87, demand 0.85 and changes 0.22) and its Cronbach's alpha is 0.78.
Results: By examining the frequency of questionnaire data in 7 identified areas, eight demand items (including expectations of different working groups, high workloads, lack of time to rest), two items of work relationship (tolerance of ugly words and misconduct, tension between colleagues), one manager support (working time constant) And one case of changes (stresses in work relationships) were stressful factors in the workplace.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that due to high workload and stress and workplace stressors, safety authorities have a great deal of work stress. and it is necessary to conduct training courses, familiarity with the requirements and rules of the workplace, control of false emotions, anger and stress management as well as identifying, evaluating and controlling the harmful factors and risks in the workplace to improve the workplace and reduce stress. it should be noted that with regard to the prevalence of breast cancer among women and 42.5% of the target group of women, the likelihood of work-related breast cancer is not out of the question.
THE MAPPING OF SUBSURFACE TEMPERATURE AND STUDY OF GEOTHERMAL GRADIENT ANOMALY IN THE DISCHARGE AREA IN NORTH SULAWESI
Authors: Wenas Donny Royke , Cyrke A.N. Bujung  
Published: April 2020

The aim of this research is to measure and mapping the temperature distribution in several subsurface layers in the manifestation of geothermal warm ground and steaming ground, and analyze the geothermal subsurface gradient, to determine the heat source zone, and the pattern and direction of heat flow from subsurface to surface in Hydrothermal area of Minahasa Indonesia. The method used is direct measurement in the field. To determine the coordinates of geothermal manifestations and location mapping, using remote sensing techniques. The results showed that at a depth of 200 cm the temperature reaches 102 0C and the heat source comes from the northeast and from the south. At a depth of 150 cm the temperature varies from 52 to 100 0C with an even distribution in almost every direction. At a depth of 50 to 100 cm the maximum temperature reaches 98 0C with heat propagation starting to concentrate then northeast, and then out to the surface in the northeast. The pattern of heat transmission is almost linear along with the geothermal gradient.
Schooling and the Production of Local Communities in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Australia
Authors: Vick Malcolm 
Published: April 2020

This paper explores some ways in which the provision and management of schools in mid-nineteenth-century Australia shaped the local communities of which they were a part. It argues that the existence of schools, especially public schools in purpose-built accommodation, played an important role in shaping local society, geographically, culturally, and politically, and in positioning local society in relation to the colonial state.
University, Church, and Social Change: The Case of Catholic Colleges in Ontario, 1931-1961
Authors: Hogan Brian F. 
Published: April 2020

This paper is based upon research covering the period 1931-61 and is aimed at examining relationships between Roman Catholic social teaching and conse quent social action within the Province of Ontario. The seven studies constituting the research focused on six distinct areas in and around the cities of Windsor, London, Hamilton, Toronto, Ottawa, and Sudbury. Excluding seminaries or theologates, four of these cities contained one Catholic post-secondary institu tion, typically identified as an ' Arts and Science' college or university, and the city of Ottawa contained two such institutions.
Kajian Saluran Irigasi Seberang Kota Jambi
Authors: Azwarman Azwarman , Syakban Amri , Widyastuti Tria 
Published: April 2020

Tujuan utama dari penelitian adalah untuk mengkaji kembali saluran irigasi yang ada apakah masih bisa baik dan memenuhi syarat untuk Daerah Irigasi Seberang Kota Jambi sehingga kebutuhan air seseuai yang dikeluarkan agar bisa beroperasi dengan baik dan untuk mendapatkan dimensi saluran irigasi yang tepat. Irigasi merupakan salah satu sarana pemanfaatan sumber daya air yang berfungsi sebagai penyedia, pengatur dan penyalur air untuk menujang lahan pertanian. Metode yang digunakan untuk menganalisa ketersediaan air adalah menggunakan metode Dr.F.J.Mock dengan pengambilan data curah hujan dari stasiun meteorologi Sultan Thaha Jambi / Kota Jambi tahun 2008 s/d 2017 serta data klimatologi yang meliputi suhu udara, kecepatan angin, kelembaban udara, penyinaran matahari. Hasil perhitungan evapotanspirasi potensial yang terjadi pada daerah penelitian diperoleh Eto maksimum pada bulan Januari sebesar 3,31 mm/hari. Kebutuhan air untuk tanaman padi pada bulan Januari 3,641 lt/dt/ha dan bulan Juli yaitu 6,411 lt/dt/ha. Hasil perhitungan desain saluran primer yang diperoleh dari debit rencana 0,935 m3/det. Penyediaan pengaturan dan pembuangan air melalui jaringan irigasi pada kawasan budidaya pertanian sudah sesuai dengan fungsi dan debit air yang tersedia memenuhi kebutuhan. Dimensi saluran primer direncanakan dengan bentuk penampang trapesium yang sesuai dengan tofografi setempat.
Edukacja moralna – koncepcje i badania
Authors: Czyżowska Dorota , Czyżowska Natalia 
Published: April 2020

Artykuł ma charakter przeglądu dostępnych w literaturze przedmiotu sposobów myślenia i koncepcji, które są podstawą do tworzenia szkolnych programów moralnej edukacji. Opisuje, na jakich założeniach aksjologicznych i antropologicznych oraz teoriachpsychologicznych są one oparte. Analizuje wybrane badania, które ewaluują programy i ich oddziaływanie na kształtowanie moralne młodzieży.
Farmaci innovativi e sostenibilità
Authors: Bonaretti Paolo 
Published: April 2020

The recent availability of innovative, costly cancer drugs has prompted the search for a sustainable health economics model that would allow universal access to treatment coupled with long-term viability of the national health system.
The huge R&D investment and the relatively short life of drugs, which must face not only the market entry of competitor products but also a growing trend to limit the type and number of patients in whom their use is allowed, are the main factors underlying the high unit cost of innovative drugs; this ultimately has a major impact on overall drug expenditure, especially for in-hospital treatment.
To facilitate the inclusion of innovative drugs and maximize their beneficial effect on patients, we need to increase the efficiency of the national health system overall, and be able to measure the costs that can be avoided through a coherent HTA system apt to leverage synergies at a regional level, thereby freeing wasted resources that can be better invested in this area.
Secondly, the continuous monitoring of an innovative drug throughout its life cycle, based on the correct comparative evaluation of its efficacy for each therapeutic indication, can lead to a more refined definition of drug prices. Furthermore, cost containment must in all instances include appropriate negotiation of the unit price based on the overall volume acquired.
Last but not least, a significant R&D investment in clinical research is a fundamental step that can leverage synergies between public funds and contributions from pharma companies, allowing to overcome systems based on ceilings and/or payback models that, in the current scenario, appear undoubtedly outdated.
Peranan Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Terhadap Peningkatan Produktivitas Kerja
Authors: Pabalik Daeng , Suaib Hermanto , Helmi Nur , Purwanti Nanik 
Published: April 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah : 1) Untuk mengetahui penerapan Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia (MSDM) dalam meningkatkan produktivitas kerja Medical Representative PT. Otto Pharmaceutical Industries cabang Sorong. 2) Untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai MSDM yang berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas kerja Medical Representative pada PT. Otto Pharmaceutical Industries cabang Sorong. 3) Untuk mengetahui kendala-kendala apa saja yang dihadapi dalam penerapan Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia terhadap peningkatan produktivitas kerja Medical Representative pada PT. Otto Pharmaceutical Industries cabang Sorong. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Sorong, sedangkan objek penelitian adalah pihak yang diteliti, yaitu seluruh karyawan pada PT. Otto Pharmaceutical Industries cabang Sorong. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara,dokumentasi, dan observasi. Jenis dan sumber data yaitu data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh para pimpinan adalah bagaimana dapat meningkatkan produktivitas kerja karyawannya sehingga dapat mendukung keberhasilan pencapaian tujuan perusahaan. Untuk itu pengelolaan sumber daya manusia sangat erat kaitannya dengan pencapaian tujuan tersebut. Karena semakin baik pengelolaan sumber daya manusia (tenaga kerja) maka semakin baik pula pengelolaan sumber daya yang lain, dan sebaliknya semakin buruk pengelolaan sumber daya manusia maka hal itu akan berakibat pengelolaan sumber daya yang lain akan semakin buruk.
INTERACTION OF LANTHANE AND LUTETIUM AT TEMPERATURE 1500–1600°C
Authors: Chudinovych Olga , Zhdanyuk Nataliya 
Published: April 2020

Materials based on La2O3–Lu2O3 system are promising candidates for a wide range of applications, but the phase relationship has not been studied systematically previously. To address this challenge, the subsection of the phase diagram for 1500 and 1600 °C have been elucidated. The samples of different compositions have been prepared from nitrate acid solutions by evaporation, drying and heat treatment at 1100, 1500 and 1600 °C. The phase relations in the binary La2O3–Lu2O3 system at 1500 and 1600 °C were studied from the heat treated samples using X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy in the overall concentration range. The X–ray analysis of the samples was performed by powder method using DRON-3 at room temperature (CuKa radiation). It was established that in the binary La2O3–Lu2O3 system there exist fields of solid solutions based on hexagonal (A) modification of La2O3, cubic (C) modification of Lu2O3, and with perovskite–type structure of LaLuO3 (R) with rhombic distortions. The systematic study that covered whole composition range excluded formation of new phases. The systematic study that covered whole composition range excluded formation of new phases. The boundaries of mutual solubility and concentration dependences the lattice parameters for all phases have been determined. The solubility of Lu2O3 in the hexagonal А–lanthanum modification is ~ 9 mol. % at 1500 and 1600 °С. The solubility of La2O3 in the cubic C–Lu2O3 is ~ 4 mol. % at 1500 and 7 mol. % at 1600 °С.
Why ‘Teach’ Beckett?
Authors: White Kathryn 
Published: April 2020

Samuel Beckett's impact on literature and theatre is unquestionable but what is the impact of his work within the classroom and how do we quantify the effect on student minds? With an emphasis on why, as opposed to how, this article investigates the rationale for teaching Beckett in Higher Education. It raises questions about curriculum design and delivery, and the pedagogical motivation for exposing students to Beckett's work in the twenty-first century. Adopting a qualitative approach from the positionality of the Beckett educator within an Anglophone-Irish context, the phenomenological accounts of teaching Beckett detailed here offer some substantive observations regarding the study of Beckett and education. Providing insight into pedagogical practice in relation to Beckett from literary and practice-based perspectives, each account demonstrates how Beckett's work is effective in creating significant learning experiences which have application for the wider field of literary pedagogy at higher education level.