bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A normalized drug response metric improves accuracy and consistency of anticancer drug sensitivity quantification in cell-based screening
Authors: Gupta Abhishekh , Gautam Prson , Wennerberg Krister , Aittokallio Tero 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAccurate quantification of drug effects is crucial for identifying pharmaceutically actionable cancer vulnerabilities. Current cell viability-based measurements often lead to biased response estimates due to varying growth rates and experimental artifacts that explain part of the inconsistency in high-throughput screening results. We developed an improved drug scoring model, normalized drug response (NDR), which makes use of both positive and negative control conditions to account for differences in cell growth rates, and experimental noise to better characterize drug-induced effects. We demonstrate an improved consistency and accuracy of NDR compared to existing metrics in assessing drug responses of cancer cells in various culture models and experimental setups. Notably, NDR reliably captures both toxicity and viability responses, and differentiates a wider spectrum of drug behavior, including lethal, growth-inhibitory and growth-stimulatory modes, based on a single viability readout. The method will therefore substantially reduce the time and resources required in cell-based drug sensitivity screening.
Improving the quality of polycaprolactone nanofibres using glass ionomer label 1
Authors: Badami Amirhossein , Mousavi Sayedali 
Published: January 2020

In this study, the electrospinning of polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibres with different solvents and various ratios as well as electrospinning on the poly lactic acid plate are investigated for use on the wounds. Utilising several materials at various concentrations, including dimethylformamide–methylene chloride solvent and methylene chloride and methanol solvent, electrospinning of PCL nanofibres are performed. The results show that the obtained fibres have a large number of beaded fibres when using the dimethylformamide–methylene solvent. However, the beaded fibres reduced for methylene chloride and methanol solvent. After adding the glass ionomer label 1 and ciprofloxacin, the beaded fibres intensively decline and also Young's modulus reaches a maximum value (5.2 MPa). Therefore, the combination of glass ionomer label 1 and ciprofloxacin with the methylene chloride and methanol solvent can provide very interesting results to reduce the number of beaded fibres, which show the combination is very suitable for use in wounds.
Insulin Resistance and Free Androgen as Predictors for Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome in Non-PCOS Women
Authors: Nikbakht Roshan , Zargar Mahvash , Moramezi Farideh , Ziafat Mahnaz , Tabesh Hamed , Sattari Ali Reza , Sattari Shahab Aldin 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWe evaluated the effect of insulin resistance and free androgen index (FAI) in non-PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) infertile women following controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. A prospective study was done on 144 infertile non-PCOS women with regular menstrual cycle. At first, insulin resistance (IR), free androgen index (FAI), PCOM (polycystic ovary morphology), AFC (antral follicle count), and AMH (anti-Müllerian hormone) were assessed. The patients underwent assisted reproductive technology (ART), and then preovulatory follicles and oocytes retrieved were recorded. The variables of the study were compared between two groups of patients with ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) (n=66) and non-OHSS patients (n=78). Of the 9 variables: BMI, HOMA-IR, FAI, AFC, AMH, PCOM, and preovulatory follicles were risk factors, while the age and retrieved oocytes were not. The 7 variables that showed significance in the univariate analyses were determined as independent variables included in the multivariable logistic regression analysis, as a result, a total of 5 risk factors, BMI, HOMA-IR, FAI, PCOM, and preovulatory follicles entered the equation. The maximum contribution was HOMA-IR followed by PCOM, FAI, preovulatory follicles and BMI. Patients with OHSS had higher chance to have ovaries with polycystic morphology (74%), about three times more than patients who did not develop OHSS (29%) (p<0.001). The best cut-points for IR, FAI, AFC, AMH, and preovulatry follicles were 2.36, 3.9, 8, 3.3 ng/ml, and 10, respectively. Patients with a higher value of BMI, FAI, HOMA-IR, and preovulatory follicles and the presence of PCOM are more likely to develop OHSS, which are not confined to PCOS patients.
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Dermal Distribution of 5-Methoxypsoralen Based on a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Model to Support Phytotherapy Using Brosimum gaudichaudii
Authors: Martins Frederico Severino , Sy Sherwin K.B. , Fonseca Maria José Vieira , de Freitas Osvaldo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe treatment of vitiligo includes the combination of psoralens and ultraviolet type A exposure. Psoralens belong to a group of natural furanocoumarins that cause the skin to become sensitive temporarily to ultraviolet type A. The aim of this study was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of 5-MOP from Brosimum gaudichaudii to support psoralen and ultraviolet type A therapy. A study of rats was used to establish and validate rat tissue distribution. The same chemical-specific parameters used in the rat model were also employed in the human model to project human pharmacokinetics. The highest exposures in the rats were in the brain and skin. Following a single dose of 1.2 mg/kg 5-MOP in humans, the model predicted a maximum concentration of 20 ng/mL and an area under the curve of 125 ng.h/mL, matching clinical results. The half-maximum melanogenesis concentrations in B16F10 cells were 29.5, 18.5, 11.5, and 6.5 ng/mL for synthetic 5-MOP, synthetic 5-MOP with ultraviolet type A, B. gaudichaudii alone, and B. gaudichaudii plus ultraviolet type A, respectively. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model prediction in humans supported a once-every-two-day regimen for optimal melanin production. This type of framework can be applied to support strategies for dose selection and to investigate the impact of drugs on melanocyte recovery.
Renal Dysplasia and Progressive Renal Failure in a Newborn with Interstitial Chromosome 4 Deletion 4q25-28.3: A New Phenotype?
Authors: Teles-Silva Cláudia , Martins Francisca , Costa Sandra , Soares Paulo , Rocha Gustavo , Flor-de-Lima Filipa , Pinto Helena , Ramalho Carla , Oliveira Renata , Brandão Otília , Guimarães Hercília 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe deletion of the long arm of chromosome 4 is rare, presenting with a variable phenotype depending on the chromosomic area affected. A term newborn with prenatal diagnosis of anhydramnios, dysplastic cystic kidneys, and cardiomegaly was born with generalized subcutaneous edema, several dysmorphic features, and progressive renal failure requiring dialysis. The infant continued to deteriorate and died at 52 days of age. Autopsy confirmed bilateral renal dysplasia with cysts. Array-comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) identified a large deletion on 4q25-q28.3, which is not yet described in association with renal disease. The clinical progression could be expected due to the severity of the perinatal clinical presentation.
Pedigree Analysis of Idiopathic Epilepsy In Children of South Kerala
Authors: A. Amar Jayanthi. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: Epilepsy is a major health problem in infancy and childhood. Genetic factors are implicated in the etiology of epilepsy. A familial susceptibility to seizures have been recognized but the exact mode of inheritance remains unclear. The chief objective was to determine the inheritance pattern and to correlate its prevalence among closer relatives on the basis of sex, degree of relationship and age of onset of the disease. Materials and methods: A pedigree analysis of 100 clinically diagnosed children with idiopathic epilepsy seen between 1994 and 1997 at the Paediatric Neurology Clinic of Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram was done. The mode of inheritance was tested according to the genetic hypothesis of segregation analysis. Results: Positive family history was observed in 49% of the probands. A high proportion of probands with an early onset of disease showed involvement of family members and a significant sex predisposition for females was obtained. Relatives of female probands were affected more than those of males. Mothers were found to transmit the disease to offsprings more than the epileptic fathers. Conclusion: The results of pedigree analysis supported the hypothesis of an autosomal multifactorial mode of inheritance, with 86% heritability and a lower threshold for the disease to manifest. The application of modern genetic principles like identification of susceptibility gene to epilepsy, linkage and association studies would advance our understanding of the etiology of seizure disorders. Genetic factors may play a major role in the predisposition of relatives to epilepsy in families of probands with idiopathic epilepsy. The present study may aid in the genetic counselling of parents with epilepsy.
A Rare Case of Agenesis of Dorsal Pancreas
Authors: D. Devi Jansirani , S. Shiva deep , S. Deepak Barathi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAgenesis of dorsal bud of the pancreas is an extremely rare congenital anomaly which results in absence of neck, body and tail of the adult pancreas. It may be associated with number of clinical features like diabetes mellitus, abdominal pain and chronic pancreatitis. Because of its rarity, we are reporting a case of agenesis of dorsal pancreas associated with early onset diabetes. Ultrasonography and Computed tomography showed absence of neck, body and tail of pancreas anterior to splenic vein and portal confluence; however head and uncinate process were normally present. Patient was thus diagnosed as agenesis of dorsal bud of pancreas.
A Descriptive Anatomical Study of the Branching Pattern of Internal Iliac Artery in Humans
Authors: PK Ramakrishnan , CD Selvarasu , MA Elezy 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background And Aims: Variations in the origin of the parietal branches of internal iliac artery are of great surgical and radiological importance. Very few studies regarding the variations in the origin of the branches of internal iliac artery have been reported from South India. The present study was carried out to investigate the sites of origin of the large parietal branches of the internal iliac artery in a sample Indian population from two Southern states. Materials And Methods: 50 pelvic halves of embalmed cadavers were dissected and observed for variations in the origins of superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, internal pudenda! and obturator arteries. Results: Among the 50 pelvic halves studied, the origins of superior gluteal, inferior gluteal and internal pudenda! arteries confirmed to a Type I arrangement on the Adachi scale in 30 cases (60%), a Type III pattern being found in 15 cases (30%) and a Type II pattern was seen in 4 cases (8%). Type IV was less frequent and was seen in only one case (2%). The obturator artery arose directly from the anterior division of internal iliac artery in 40% of cases; in the rest of specimens, it arose as a branch from either the inferior gluteal-internal pudenda! trunk or internal pudenda! or superior gluteal or iliolumbar arteries. Conclusions: The data obtained from this study show that the branching pattern of internal iliac artery is subject to great variation, especially with regard to its four large parietal branches. These observations are important in diagnostic & interventional radiological procedures of this major artery as well as in pelvic surgery to minimize intra-operative blood loss.
A study of coracoclavicular joint in South Indian population
Authors: Sembian Umapathy , M. Muhil , D. Nalina Kumari S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background: Movements taking place in the shoulder girdle is a result of complex coordinated movements between the glenohumeral, acromio clavicular, sternoclavicular and scapulothoracic articulations. Clavicle is connected with the first rib by the costoclavicular ligament apart from the sternum and scapula through sternoclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments. Sometimes the area of attachment of these ligaments on the clavicle, first rib and scapula show faceted apophysis suggesting the presence of additional diarthrodial articulation. The incidence of Coraco–Clavicular (CCJ) joint in various populations is estimated to be ranging from 0.8% - 9.8%. Aim : The aim of our present study is to ascertain the prevalence of Coraco-Clavicular joint (CCJ) in South Indian population. Materials and methods : The present study was carried out on fifty cadavers embalmed with 10% formalin. Meticulous care was taken to include only cadavers from South Indian population. Cadavers exhibiting obscuring pathologies were excluded from the study. The dissections were carried out in all the limbs to note the presence of a diarthrotic coracoclavicular joint which is represented by the presence of an articular facet on the conoid tubercle of the clavicle & the superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula. Results : In our study we came across a single cadaver having the coracoclavicular joint on the left side unilaterally. Conclusion : The coracoclavicular joint though a rare entity should be borne in mind as a differential diagnosis for thoracic outlet syndrome or costoclavicular syndrome and in general for shoulder pain. The present study has revealed the presence of CCJ in our population and it constitutes to only 2%.
Clinical importance of anatomical variants of sciatic nerve in relation to the piriformis muscle
Authors: Deopujari Rashmi , Satpathi Dibya Kishore , Mangalgiri Ashutosh S. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims : The sciatic nerve usually emerges below the Piriformis muscle. Each anatomical variant of sciatic nerve is associated with a specific clinical presentation. The aim of the study was to identify the variants of sciatic nerve and to discuss their clinical importance. Materials and methods : Twenty one embalmed cadavers of known age and sex were used for this study. Gluteal regions of both sides were dissected to expose sciatic nerve. Variation of sciatic nerve in relation to piriformis was observed. Results and Conclusion: Out of the 42 dissected specimens - Five showed variations in sciatic nerve. Three specimens (two on right and one on left side) displayed common peroneal branch passing through piriformis. Three specimens (two on right and one on left side) showed tibial nerve emerging below piriformis.ln one specimen on left side common peroneal nerve emerged as two parts in relation to piriformis - one passing through piriformis and another below piriformis. A very unusual variant in which the tibial and common peroneal components of sciatic nerve were sandwiched between the three heads of piriformis muscle is also reported here in one case of right side. These variants are usually misdiagnosed in most of the cases due to similarity of clinical symptoms with low back ache and sciatica. Therefore the possibility of each such variant should be kept in mind by the clinicians.
Microanatomical analysis of hypertensive placentae - a retrospective case control study
Authors: Singh Sabita , Gugapriya T. S. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background : Placenta is regarded as the byproduct of the birth process, but actually it is the mirror of maternal and foetal status. It often reflects the progress of many maternal conditions during pregnancy and is known to undergo changes both structurally and functionally in hypertensive pregnancy due to hypoxia. Aim: To compare the histopatological changes in hypertensive placentae with that of normal placentae. Materials and methods: A retrospective case control study was carried out on human placentae with 50 as study and 50 as control group . Placentae of study group were divided into three categories depending upon severity of hypertension. Tissues were microscopically studied for various histopathological changes. Results: Among severe pregnancy induced hypertension cases (PIH), 77.77% showed red infarction while 70.6% of eclampsia showed white infarction. 76.47%, 64.7% and 58.82% of eclampsia cases showed syncytial knots, fibrinoid necrosis and stromal fibrosis repectively. 70.6% of eclampsia cases showed cytotrophoblastic proliferation and calcification separately. Hyperplasia of tunica media was found in 20%, 50% and 58.82% of mild PIH, severe PIH and eclampsia respectively. Conclusion: Infarction, cyotrophoblastic cellular proliferation, syncytial knots, fibrinoid necrosis, stromal fibrosis, calcification and tunica media hyperplasia were seen with increased frequency in the study group as compared to control group. In study group, eclamptic placentae showed all the microscopic changes in significant number.This study of microscopic changes occurring in hypertensive placentae can be used to enhance our knowledge about the severity and progress of the disease. This can equip us to effectively manage the hypertensive pregnancies.
First year medical students' performance analysis in anatomy with different modes of teaching: an experience of medical school in South India
Authors: Rajan Thangarasu , Bage Atul M 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims: The routine method of didactic lecture followed by dissection does not help for long-term retention of the subject, anatomy amongst medical students. The impact of clinical anatomy knowledge in medical profession is large and there is an absolute lack of positive reception in this regard amongst student community. Teaching methods play an important role to create interest and to make students appreciate the subject better. Studies evaluating different modes of teaching anatomy are scarce. The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of different modes of anatomy teaching among medical students. Materials and methods: First year medical students were divided randomly into three groups and different modes of teaching anatomy like blackboard and chalk, audio/visual and using plastic models were compared by examination based assessment. The data of multiple groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by the Newman–Keuls multiple comparison test (PRISM Graph pad, version 4; Graph Pad Software, Inc., San Diego, CA). A P value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: No single method is effective in increasing the performance of both theory and practical examination across different topics and so a suitable combination of the different modes for a particular topic in anatomy teaching should be framed.
Incidence of the third head of biceps brachii in population of Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Salve Vishal Manoharrao , Poornima Chandaka Swathi , Rao Mandava Prabhakar 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and aims : The biceps brachii is a large fusiform muscle in the flexor compartment of the arm. In terms of the number and morphology of its head, the biceps brachii muscle is one of the most variable muscles in human body. The present study explores the importance of such variations. Materials and methods: The upper limbs of embalmed human cadavers (fixed in 10 % formaldehyde solution) were included in present study. Total 36 (72 upper limbs) cadavers were studied by dissection. Results: Among the 72 superior extremities studied, six (8.33%) arms were found to have a three- headed biceps brachii muscles. The variation was present in the left arm of four males and one female. The variation was present in the right arm of one male. Conclusion : Presence of third head of biceps brachii muscle might increase its kinematics. Supernumerary heads of biceps brachii muscle may become significant in pre-operative procedure and during surgery of upper limb.
Regional Anesthesia: Boon for Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Vascular Access Surgery
Authors: Rath Prapti , Shivashankar Archana , Luthra Luv , Mitta Nivedita 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is alarmingly high in Indian population with a steep rise in end-stage renal disease patients requiring dialysis access. The preexisting comorbidities associated with high morbidity further necessitate an anesthetic plan which provides benefits intraoperatively as well postoperatively. Different anesthesia techniques can be employed in CKD patients which are associated with complications. The aim of this review is to study the role and benefits of regional anesthesia in CKD patients.
A special price just for you: effects of personalized dynamic pricing on consumer fairness perceptions
Authors: Priester Anna , Robbert Thomas , Roth Stefan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPersonalized dynamic pricing (PDP) involves dynamically setting individual-consumer prices for the same product or service according to consumer-identifying information. Despite its profitability, this pricing provokes strong negative fairness perceptions, explaining why managers are reluctant to implement it. This research provides important insights into the effect of two PDP dimensions (price individualization level and segmentation base) on fairness perceptions and the moderating role of privacy concerns. The results of two experimental studies indicate that consumers perceive individual prices as less fair than segment prices. They also evaluate location-based pricing as less fair than purchase history-based pricing. Consumer privacy concerns moderate these effects.
The grammaticalisation of verb-auxiliary order in East African Bantu
Authors: Gibson Hannah 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBantu languages employ a combination of simple and compound verb forms to encode tense-aspect-mood distinctions. Compound constructions typically involve an auxiliary form followed by an inflected main verb. However, the six East African Bantu languages under examination in this paper exhibit a word order in which the auxiliary appears after the verb. This order is typologically unusual for languages with SVO word order and comparatively unusual in the context of the Bantu languages. This paper presents a synchronic description of this word order and develops an account of its possible origins. It is proposed that the verb-auxiliary order originated from a verb-fronting construction which was used historically to convey predication focus. The account further corroborates the claim that the progressive aspect is an inherently focal category in Bantu and, from a wider perspective, shows the interplay between the encoding of information structure and tense-aspect information.