bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La depresión postparto en madres adolescentes de Bucaramanga, Colombia
Authors: Latorre-Latorre José Fidel , Contreras-Pezzotti Leddy Marina , García-Rueda Susana , Arteaga-Medina Juan 
Published: April 2020

La depresión, más frecuente en la mujer, es un problema mundial, cuyas probabilidades de padecerla aumentan durante el puerperio. Las cifras de incidencia de depresión en el posparto son variables pero, en algunas comunidades latinoamericanas, se han informado valores superiores al 20%. Se ha reportado incremento de la incidencia durante la adolescencia. En Colombia no se conocen cifras en madres de esta edad.Objetivos: establecer la incidencia de depresión posparto en adolescentes de Bucaramanga y compararla con la presentada en mujeres mayores.Métodos: estudio de cohorte (mayo/2003 – abril/2004) con 286 mujeres puérperas provenientes de once centros asistenciales de Bucaramanga y seguidas seis semanas. Se recogió información sobre aspectos sociodemográficos, variables obstétricas, antecedentes psiquiátricos, datos del recién nacido y lactancia. El diagnóstico de depresión posparto fue establecido por un psiquiatra de acuerdo con criterios de DSM IV. Se midieron tasas de incidencia por grupos de edad, se calcularon razones de tasas y se ajustó el riesgo de padecerla por regresión de Cox.Resultados: la tasa de incidencia de depresión pospartoen adolescentes fue de 0,6 casos/1.000 días – persona (IC 95% 0,07–2,2); en mujeres de 21 a 34 años fue de 1,0 caso/1.000 días – persona (IC 95% 0,3–2,0); y de 1,9 casos/1.000 días – persona (IC95% 0,3–5,4) en mujeres mayores. Cuando se hizo ajuste, el hazard ratio fue de 3,0 (IC95% 0,3–29,9) para las mujeres de 21 a 34 años y de 7,4 (IC 95% 0,6–95,6) para las madres mayores de 34 comparándolas con adolescentes.Conclusiones: la depresión posparto constituye un problema de salud frecuente en Bucaramanga. Las madres adolescentes no presentan un riesgo mayor que el de otras mujeres.
Prevalencia de Chlamydia Trachomatis detectada por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en un grupo de mujeres jóvenes sintomáticas y asintomáticas en Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Sánchez Ruth Mélida , Ruiz-Parra Ariel Iván , Ostos-Ortiz Olga Lucía 
Published: April 2020

Introducción: la Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) es considerada hoy como la causa más frecuente de infecciones de transmisión sexual y enfermedad pélvica inﬂamatoria. Aproximadamente la mitad de los casos de infección por Chlamydia trachomatis cursan en forma asintomática lo que diﬁculta su detección clínica temprana y aumenta la probabilidad de secuelas a largo plazo.Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de infección por C. trachomatis en un grupo de mujeres jóvenes con y sin leucorrea en Bogotá, Colombia.Metodología: estudio de corte transversal en el que se investigó por la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa la presencia de C. trachomatis en 355 muestras de orina obtenidas de mujeres jóvenes con o sin leucorrea. Las muestras fueron recolectadas en dos instituciones de primer nivel de la Secretaría Distrital de Salud y en dos instituciones públicas de educación superior, durante los meses de junio y julio del 2004. Se investigaron variables sociodemográﬁcas de interés y prácticas anticonceptivas.Resultados: se detectaron 19 muestras positivas, de las cuales 5 correspondían a mujeres sin leucorrea y 14 a pacientes con leucorrea. La prevalencia de infección fue 5,35% (IC 95% 3,25-8.23) en el grupo total, 2,86% (IC 95% 0,93-6,54) en las mujeres sin leucorrea y 7,78% (IC 95% 4,31-12,70) en las pacientes con leucorrea.Conclusión: la prevalencia encontrada en este estudio indica que la infección por C. trachomatis constituye un problema de interés en salud pública. Aunque la leucorrea puede considerarse como un marcador de infección por Chlamydia, dada la tendencia a mayor frecuencia en este grupo de pacientes, la prevalencia en mujeres asintomáticas fue importante y justiﬁca ofrecer su detección en forma más amplia.
Medición del consumo de oxígeno del miocardio en el puerperio normal: ejemplo de eficiencia fisiológica
Authors: Castro Alejandro , Barriga Adriana Paola , Perdomo Omar 
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: determinar el consumo de oxígeno del miocardio (MVO2) en pacientes durante el puerperio temprano y comparar los resultados con los valores de MVO2 en adultos sanos publicados en otros estudios.Materiales y métodos: el MVO2 fue medido en 120 mujeres durante el puerperio temprano y sin ninguna patología agregada. La recolección de los datos se hizo en dos fases, durante las que se obtuvo un grupo retrospectivo y luego un grupo prospectivo. Se hizo un análisis de subgrupos según edad, número de partos y vía del parto. La formula EDOR fue empleada para los cálculos. Los resultados fueron comparados con los reportados para adultos sanos. Resultados: el MVO2 promedio de nuestro estudio fue 6,58 ml/min-1/100 g-1 de tejido, con un valor máximo de 7,33 ml/min-1/100 g-1 de tejido; estos resultados fueron significativa y estadísticamente menores en comparación con los reportados en adultos sanos. No hubo diferencias significativas en el MVO cuando se hizo el análisis en subgrupos según edad, número de partos o vía del parto. Conclusión: durante el puerperio, se observa gran eficiencia cardiaca, dada por aumento del gasto cardiaco con disminución del consumo de oxígeno del miocardio.
Predictors of increased blood pressure in women after induction of superovulation for extracorporeal fertilization
Authors: Vakareva V. V. , Avdeeva M. V. , Scheglova L. V. 
Published: April 2020

Objective is to study the relationship of hemodynamic, hormonal and metabolic changes with increased blood pressure (BP) in women after the induction of superovulation for extracorporeal fertilization (ECF).Design and methods. We examined 80 women aged from 25 to 38 years (mean age 32,3 ± 3,6 years). All patients underwent ECF at the Center for Reproductive Technologies of the St Petersburg Mariinsky Hospital. Daily monitoring of BP was carried out twice: before the induction of superovulation for ECF and on the first day after this manipulation.Results. After induction of superovulation, an increase in average daily BP ≥ 135/85 mm Hg occurred in 52,5 % of women and an increase in average night BP ≥ 120/70 mm Hg was registered in 13,8 %. In women with initially increased average daily BP, the relative risk of its further increase on the first day after induction of superovulation was 1,46 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 0,79–2,68) compared with women who had normal average daily BP. In women with initially elevated average nightly BP, the relative risk of its further increase after induction of superovulation was 1,16 (95 % CI 1,06–1,27). An increase of BP after induction of superovulation may be associated with age, female factor infertility, the presence of chronic diseases of the genitourinary system in past, changes in the metabolic profile (increase in total cholesterol, urea, creatinine, glucose, estradiol; decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone level), heart rhythm disturbances, episodes of apnea/hypopnea during sleep, increase in heart rate, increased sympathetic activity.Conclusions. Induction of superovulation during in vitro fertilization has an adverse effect on the circadian BP profile. While planning in vitro fertilization, the risk factors for BP increase should be identified and modified. This will help to avoid adverse cardiovascular reactions associated with the procedure. Women with the hypertensive reaction after the induction of superovulation require dynamic BP monitoring.
Highly effective lipid-lowering therapy on local vascular stiffness and symptoms of chronic heart failure in patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis
Authors: Oleynikov V. E. , Khromova A. A. , Abramova E. A. , Salyamova L. I. , Babina A. V. , Tomashevsky N. A. 
Published: April 2020

Objective. To study the effect of achieving the target level of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL–C) on the parameters of local vascular stiffness and the development of chronic heart failure (CHF) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Design and methods. The study included 80 patients with myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation (STEMI) aged 35 to 65 years. On the 7–9th day of STEMI, at the 24th and 48th weeks of treatment with atorvastatin 40–80 mg clinical symptoms of heart failure were analyzed, the lipid profile and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were determined. Ultrasound of the common carotid arteries using high-frequency RF signal technology was performed. Depending on the effectiveness of treatment with atorvastatin, patients were retrospectively divided into 2 groups: 40 people who reached the target level of LDL–C (highly effective therapy, HET) and 37 patients who did not reach the target level of LDL–C (relatively effective therapy, RET).Results. In patients who reached the target LDL–С level, the initial BNP values were 115,2 pg/ml, with the regression by 34,5 % at follow-up (p = 0,03). There was no significant change in the RET group. In the HET group, a decrease in IMT, an improvement in distensibility parameters, a decrease in local PWV and stiffness index of common carotid arteries, were found. Based on the 6-minute walk test, only patients in HET group showed an increase in exercise tolerance after 24th week (p = 0,04). Also, individuals who did not reach the target LDL–С level, showed a decrease in the quality of life 27,4 % (p = 0,03). Patients in the HET group showed no negative dynamics.Conclusion. We showed that at the long-term follow-up after STEMI, the achievement of the target LDL cholesterol values was accompanied by a significant improvement in the parameters of local rigidity of the main arteries, and a decrease in BNP level, as well as by more favorable course of CHF.
Sleep-related breathing disorders in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Dyachenko M. A. , Simakova M. A. , Korostovtseva L. S. , Bochkarev M. V. , Goncharova N. S. , Sviryaev Yu. V. , Moiseeva O. M. 
Published: April 2020

Background.The data evidence that in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) nocturnal hypoxemia is associated with poor prognosis. Although, data regarding sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) prevalence and their association with pulmonary hypertension (PH) severity are scarce.Objective.To evaluate the prevalence and the structure of SRBD in patients with PAH and CTEPH and the relationship of SRBD with PH severity. Design and methods. In a prospective, single-center study we examined 31 patients (45 % male (n = 14)) with a verified diagnosis of precapillary PH: 22,6 % with IPAH; 9,7 % with PAH associated with congenital heart disease; 64,5 % with CTEPH; 3,2 % with PAH associated with connective tissue disease. Patients underwent a general clinical examination, questionnaires, respiratory tests, full videopolysomnography, electrocardiogram, and heart ultrasound (ECHO) examination, clinical and biochemical blood tests, including the assessment of ADMA and NT-proBNP levels.Results.No differences in SRBD pattern in patients with PAH and CTEPH were observed as well as with the severity of PH. A positive correlation was found between the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the end-diastolic left ventricular dimension (ρ = 0,54; p = 0,005); the ventricular diameter ratio (RV/LV) negatively correlated with AHI (ρ = –0,41; p = 0,05). Low peripheral blood oxygen saturation negatively correlated with NT-proBNP level (ρ = –0,40; p = 0.035). ADMA level was increased in all patients, nevertheless no association between ADMA and SRBD severity was found (χ2= 2,97; p = 0,085).Conclusions.SRBD often occurs among patients with PAH and CTEPH, while the presence of SRBD is not associated with the severity of PH. The severity of SRBD is associated with left heart remodeling. The severity of nocturnal hypoxemia in our group is associated with the increased NT-proBNP level, which is consistent with the idea of a negative prognostic value of nocturnal hypoxemia in patients with PAH and CTEPH.
REPRESENTASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VII MATERI HIMPUNAN SMPK WIGNYA MANDALA TUMPANG
Authors: Ngedo David Ra , Prayitno Anton - , Octavianti Cynthia Tri 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRAK.
Kemampuan representasi merupakan salah satu kemampuan yang mempunyai keterkaitan dengan pemahaman matematika, representasi merupakan hal terpenting dalam mengkonstruksi ide dan pemahaman siswa terkait dengan konsep-konsep matematika. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMPK Wignya Mandala Tumpang sebanyak 18 siswa akan tetapi hanya 3 subjek yang dinalisis. Pengambilan subjek dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik kualitatif berdasarkan representasi kesalahan siswa. Subjek dipilih terlebih dahuluh berdasarkan pertimbangan-pertimbangan peneliti sesuai tujuan penelitian,itu subjek diambil secara acak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan jenis-jenis representasi dalam pembelajaran matematika, kesulitan yang berkaitan dengan kesulitan tiga objek menentukan, membaca, dan membedakan. Presentase representasi kesulitan siswa menentukan sebesar 62,0% di kategorikan sedang, kesulitan membaca sebesar 29,% di kategorikan rendah dan kesulitan membedakan sebesar 72,2%) kategori tinggi. faktor penyebabnya kesalahan representasi kemampuan siswa yaitu sulit dalam membedakan bilangan asli, kurang dari serta sulit dalam menentukan irisan, dan dalam menggambar diagram venn, dari kesalahan tersebut siswa tidak dapat menentukan himpunan penyelesaian atau siswa tersebut kesulitan dalam memahami dan mencermati.
Immune response of horses to inactivated African horse sickness vaccines
Authors: Rodriguez Marina , Joseph Sunitha , Pfeffer Martin , Raghavan Rekha , Wernery Ulrich 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: African horse sickness (AHS) is a devastating disease of equids that has been known for centuries. Many equids mainly in sub-Saharan Africa still die every year from this viral disease. This has an enormous economic impact on the horse industry, notwithstanding the dedication of horse owners in the daily care of their animals. Currently, prevention and control of the disease are based on live attenuated vaccines and control vector arthropods.Results: A total of 29 horses kept in an isolated desert area were divided into 2 groups and subcutaneously (sc) vaccinated. In Group 1, a total of 18 horses divided into 9 subgroups of 2 horses each were individually immunised with AHS serotypes 1 to 9. Eleven horses in Group 2 were immunised with all 9 serotypes simultaneously with 2 different injections by the combination of vaccine 1 containing 5 serotypes (1, 4, 7, 8, 9) and vaccine 2 containing 4 serotypes (2, 3, 5, 6). The vaccination experiment lasted 12 months. Blood samples were periodically drawn for serum antibody tests using ELISA and VNT. After each vaccination, blood was collected during a period of 2 weeks for PCR and virus isolation. After the booster vaccination, 27 horses seroconverted to the inactivated vaccines, but 2 horses responded poorly, as measured by ELISA. In Group 1, ELISA and VN antibodies declined between 5 and 7 months post vaccination (pv). Twelve months later, the antibody level in most of the horses dropped to the negative range, but after the annual booster, all horses again seroconverted strongly, as early as 1 week pv. In Group 2, ELISA antibodies turned positive after the first booster, and VN antibodies started to appear for some serotypes after primary vaccination. After the booster vaccination, VN antibodies increased in a different pattern for each serotype. Antibodies remained high for 12 months and increased strongly after the annual booster in 78% of the horses. PCR and virus isolation were negative.Conclusions: Horses vaccinated with single serotypes need a booster after 6 months, while simultaneously immunised horses need one after 12 months. Due to the non-availability of a facility in the UAE, no challenge infection could be carried out.
WITHDRAWN: Secretion of IFN-γ by transgenic mammary epithelial cells in vitro reduced mastitis infection risk in goats
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhang Hongyan , Dong Shasha , Li Boyu , Ma Weiming , Ge Lijiang , Hu Zhiyong , Su Feng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Mastitis results in great economic loss to the dairy goat industry. Many approaches have attempted to decrease the morbidity associated with this disease, and among these, transgenic strategy have been recognized as a potential approach. A previous mammalian study reports that interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) has potential anti-bacterial bioactivity against infection in vitro; however, its capacity in vivo is ambiguous. Results: In this study, we first constructed targeting and homologous recombination vectors (containing the IFN-γ gene) and then transferred the vectors into goat mammary gland epithelial cells (GMECs). Enzyme digestion and sequencing analysis indicated that the vectors used in this study were built correctly. Subsequently, monoclonal cells were selected using puromycin and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test indicated that IFN-γ was correctly inserted downstream of the casein promoter. Monoclonal cells were then assessed for reducible expression, and reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot tests confirmed that monoclonal cells could express IFN-γ. Finally, anti-bacterial capacity was evaluated using bacterial counts and flow cytometry analysis. Decreased bacterial counts and cell apoptosis rates in transgenic GMECs demonstrated that the secretion of IFN-γ could inhibit bacterial proliferation and reduce the risk of mammary infection in goats. Conclusions: IFN-γ gene transfection in goat mammary epithelial cells could inhibit bacterial proliferation and reduce the risk of mammary infection in goats.
An. gambiae s.l. exhibit high intensity pyrethroid resistance throughout Southern and Central Mali (2016-2018); PBO or next generation LLINs may provide greater control
Authors: Sovi Arthur , Keita Chitan , Sinaba Youssouf , Dicko Abdourhamane , Traore Ibrahim , Cisse Moussa BM , Koita Ousmane , Dengela Dereje , Flatley Cecilia , Bankineza Elie , Mihigo Jules , Belemvire Allison , Carlson Jenny , Fornadel Christen , Oxborough Richard Martin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Millions of pyrethroid LLINs have been distributed in Mali during the past 20 years which, along with agricultural use, has increased the selection pressure on malaria vector populations. This study investigated pyrethroid resistance intensity and susceptible status of malaria vectors to alternative insecticides to guide choice of insecticides for LLINs and IRS for effective control of malaria vectors. Methods: For 3 years between 2016 and 2018, susceptibility testing was conducted annually in 14-16 sites covering southern and central Mali. Anopheles gambiae s.l. were collected from larval sites and adult mosquitoes exposed in WHO tube tests to diagnostic doses of bendiocarb (0.1%) and pirimiphos-methyl (0.25%). Resistance intensity tests were conducted using CDC bottle bioassays (2016-17) and WHO tube tests (2018) at 1 × , 2 × , 5 × , and 10 × the diagnostic concentration of permethrin, deltamethrin and alpha-cypermethrin. WHO tube tests were conducted with pre-exposure to the synergist PBO followed by permethrin or deltamethrin. Chlorfenapyr was tested in CDC bottle bioassays at 100µg active ingredient per bottle and clothianidin at 2% in WHO tube tests. PCR was performed to identify species within the An. gambiae complex. Results: In all sites An. gambiae s.l. showed high intensity resistance to permethrin and deltamethrin in CDC bottle bioassay tests in 2016 and 2017. In 2018, WHO intensity tests resulted in survivors at all sites for permethrin, deltamethrin and alpha-cypermethrin when tested at 10× the diagnostic dose. Across all sites mean mortality was 33.7% with permethrin (0.75%) compared with 71.8% when pre-exposed to PBO (4%), representing a 2.13 fold increase in mortality. A similar trend was recorded for deltamethrin. There was susceptibility to pirimiphos-methyl, chlorfenapyr and clothianidin in all surveyed sites, including current IRS sites in Mopti Region. An. coluzzii was the primary species in 4 of 6 regions. Conclusions: Widespread high intensity pyrethroid resistance was recorded during 2016-18 and is likely to compromise the effectiveness of pyrethroid LLINs in Mali. PBO or chlrofenapyr LLINs should provide improved control of An. gambiae s.l. Clothianidin and pirimiphos-methyl insecticides are currently being used for IRS as part of a rotation strategy based on susceptibility being confirmed in this study.
Encapsulation of the dual FLAP/mPEGS-1 inhibitor BRP-187 into acetalated dextran and PLGA nanoparticles improves its cellular bioactivity
Authors: Shkodra-Pula Blerina , Kretzer Christian , Jordan Paul M. , Klemm Paul , Koeberle Andreas , Pretzel David , Banoglu Erden , Lorkowski Stefan , Wallert Maria , Höppener Stephanie , Stumpf Steffi , Vollrath Antje , Schubert Stephanie , Werz Oliver , Schubert Ulrich 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Dual inhibitors of the 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP) and the microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) may exert better anti-inflammatory efficacy and lower risks of adverse effects versus non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Despite these advantages, many dual FLAP/mPGES-1 inhibitors are acidic lipophilic molecules with low solubility and strong tendency for plasma protein binding that limit their bioavailability and bioactivity. Here, we present the encapsulation of the dual FLAP/mPGES-1 inhibitor BRP-187 into the biocompatible polymers acetalated dextran (Acdex) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) via nanoprecipitation. Results: The nanoparticles containing BRP-187 were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method and analyzed by dynamic light scattering regarding their hydrodynamic diameter, by scanning electron microscopy for morphology properties, and by UV-VIS spectroscopy for determination of the encapsulation efficiency of the drug. Moreover, we designed fluorescent BRP-187 particles, which showed high cellular uptake by leukocytes, as analyzed by flow cytometry. Finally, BRP-187 nanoparticles were tested in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and macrophages to determine drug uptake, cytotoxicity, and efficiency to inhibit FLAP and mPGES-1.Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that encapsulation of BRP-187 into Acdex and PLGA is feasible, and both PLGA- and Acdex-based particles loaded with BRP-187 are more efficient in suppressing 5-lipooxygenase product formation and prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis in intact cells as compared to the free compound, particularly after prolonged preincubation periods.