bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-thermal histotripsy tumor ablation promotes abscopal immune responses that enhance cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Qu Shibin , Worlikar Tejaswi , Felsted Amy E , Ganguly Anutosh , Beems Megan V , Hubbard Ryan , Pepple Ashley L , Kevelin Alicia A , Garavaglia Hannah , Dib Joe , Toma Mariam , Huang Hai , Tsung Allan , Xu Zhen , Cho Clifford Suhyun 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundDeveloping the ability to use tumor-directed therapies to trigger potentially therapeutic immune responses against cancer antigens remains a high priority for cancer immunotherapy. We hypothesized that histotripsy, a novel non-invasive, non-thermal ablation modality that uses ultrasound-generated acoustic cavitation to disrupt tissues, could engender adaptive immune responses to tumor antigens.MethodsImmunocompetent C57BL/6 mice inoculated with flank melanoma or hepatocellular carcinoma tumors were treated with histotripsy, thermal ablation, radiation therapy, or cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) blockade checkpoint inhibition. Lymphocyte responses were measured using flow cytometric and immunohistochemical analyses. The impact of histotripsy on abscopal immune responses was assessed in mice bearing bilateral tumors, or unilateral tumors with pulmonary tumors established via tail vein injection.ResultsHistotripsy ablation of subcutaneous murine melanoma tumors stimulated potent local intratumoral infiltration of innate and adaptive immune cell populations. The magnitude of this immunostimulation was stronger than that seen with tumor irradiation or thermal ablation. Histotripsy also promoted abscopal immune responses at untreated tumor sites and inhibited growth of pulmonary metastases. Histotripsy was capable of releasing tumor antigens with retained immunogenicity, and this immunostimulatory effect was associated with calreticulin translocation to the cellular membrane and local and systemic release of high mobility group box protein 1. Histotripsy ablation potentiated the efficacy of checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy in murine models of melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma.ConclusionsThese preclinical observations suggest that non-invasive histotripsy ablation can be used to stimulate tumor-specific immune responses capable of magnifying the impact of checkpoint inhibition immunotherapy.
​Risk of major adverse cardiovascular events among patients with rheumatoid arthritis after initial CT-based diagnosis and treatment
Authors: de Thurah Annette , Andersen Ina Trolle , Tinggaard Andreas Bugge , Riis Anders Hammerich , Therkildsen Josephine , Bøtker Hans Erik , Bøttcher Morthen , Hauge Ellen-Margrethe 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a known risk factor for developing coronary artery disease (CAD). The influence of RA on the prognosis after initial CAD diagnosis and treatment is however largely unknown. We examined the risk of major cardiovascular events among RA and non-RA patients with chest pain referred to cardiac CT.MethodsThis was a follow-up study, using data from the Western Denmark Heart Registry, containing data on CT angiography examinations (Cardiac CT). Information on RA diagnosis and covariates were identified through nationwide administrative registers. The primary outcome was a combined outcome including, myocardial infarction, ischaemic or unspecified stroke, coronary artery bypass grafting, percutaneous coronary intervention, and all-cause mortality. Median time until events or censoring was 3.5 years (min/max: 0.0: 9.2). Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between RA/non-RA patients and outcomes.ResultsAmong 42 257 patients, referred between 2008 and 2016, we identified 358 (0.8%) with RA. An increased risk was seen in RA compared with non-RA (adjusted HR 1.35, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.96). Among patients who had received flare treatment more than once prior to cardiac CT the adjusted HR 1.80 (95% CI 1.08 to 3.00), and among patients with seropositive RA the adjusted HR 1.42 (95% CI 0.93 to 2.16).ConclusionIn patients referred to cardiac CT due to chest pain, we found a trend of an association between RA and the combined primary outcome, supporting that RA per se, but in particular seropositive and active RA, may increase the risk of CAD even after initial CAD diagnosis and treatment.
Propedêutica neurológica do recém-nascido e sua evolução
Authors: Gherpelli José Luiz Dias 
Published: January 2020

O autor descreve a propedêutica neurológica do recém-nascido a termo e pré-termo, tecendo considerações sobre as técnicas de exame mais freqüentemente empregadas na prática clínica e as síndromes neurológicas observadas no período neonatal. Posteriormente, descreve os padrões de desenvolvimentoobservados em crianças normais nos primeiros anos de vida, nas áreas motora, de linguagem, coordenação motora e adaptativa, descrevendo os testes mais comuns utilizados na avaliação das crianças pré-escolares.
Displasia broncopulmonar
Authors: Mataloun Marta M. G. B. 
Published: January 2020

Displasia broncopulmonar é uma das principais causas de morbimortalidade no período neonatal, tendo uma incidência de até 71% em recém-nascidos pré-termo extremos. A incidência é variável, dependendo da definição utilizada e dos cuidados adotados aos recém-nascidos nas diferentesunidades de terapia intensiva neonatal. A definição de displasia broncopulmonar (DBP) é a necessidade de oxigênio por até, pelo menos 28 dias de vida em recém-nascidos tratados com ventilação mecânica ou oxigênio, nos primeiros dias de vida, com alterações radiológicas e sintomas de insuficiência respiratória crônica. Ocorre em recém-nascidos pré-termo e é multifatorial , tendo como principais fatores etiológicos, uso de ventilação mecânica e, ou oxigênio, processos inflamatórios ou infecciosos, canal arterial persistente e oferta nutricional inadequada. Procura-se sobretudo, reduzir a incidência de nascimentos derecém-nascidos pré-termo e abordar os vários fatores de risco, para minimizar a lesão pulmonar, e assim diminuir a chance de desenvolver displasia broncopulmonar. É importante ressaltar que o uso de oxigênio para manter oxigenação adequada é essencial na terapia de DBP, pois uma oxigenação inadequada causa dificuldade para crescer, broncoconstricção e hipertensão pulmonar. Além de uma terapia adequada, deseja-se que toda gestante realize um pré-natal adequado para diminuir a incidência de nascimentosprematuros.
Diagnóstico diferencial das insuficiências respiratórias agudas
Authors: Sadeck Lilian Dos S. Rodrigues 
Published: January 2020

Os recém-nascidos com insuficiência respiratória aguda são responsáveis pelo maior número de internações em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal, sendo inclusive a principal causa de óbito, especialmente naqueles que ocorrem nos primeiros dias de vida. Além disso, estes RN podem evoluir com seqüelas, como a doença pulmonar crônica e a displasia broncopulmonar, que poderão comprometer a qualidade de vida futura. Esta revisão aborda os dados mais relevantes para se realizar o diagnóstico diferencial das insuficiências respiratórias agudas no período neonatal, levando em conta os dados epidemiológicos, quadro clínico, radiológico e evolutivo.
Disruption of Phospholipid Transfer Protein–Mediated High-Density Lipoprotein Maturation Reduces Scavenger Receptor BI Deficiency–Driven Atherosclerosis Susceptibility Despite Unexpected Metabolic Complications
Authors: Hoekstra Menno , van der Sluis Ronald J. , Hildebrand Reeni B. , Lammers Bart , Zhao Ying , Praticò Domenico , van Berkel Theo J.C. , Rensen Patrick C.N. , Kooijman Sander , Jauhiainen Matti , van Eck Miranda 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
We tested the hypothesis that enlarged, dysfunctional HDL (high-density lipoprotein) particles contribute to the augmented atherosclerosis susceptibility associated with SR-BI (scavenger receptor BI) deficiency in mice.

Approach and Results:

We eliminated the ability of HDL particles to fully mature by targeting PLTP (phospholipid transfer protein) functionality. Particle size of the HDL population was almost fully normalized in male and female SR-BI×PLTP double knockout mice. In contrast, the plasma unesterified cholesterol to cholesteryl ester ratio remained elevated. The PLTP deficiency-induced reduction in HDL size in SR-BI knockout mice resulted in a normalized aortic tissue oxidative stress status on Western-type diet. Atherosclerosis susceptibility was—however—only partially reversed in double knockout mice, which can likely be attributed to the fact that they developed a metabolic syndrome-like phenotype characterized by obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and a reduced glucose tolerance. Mechanistic studies in chow diet–fed mice revealed that the diminished glucose tolerance was probably secondary to the exaggerated postprandial triglyceride response. The absence of PLTP did not affect LPL (lipoprotein lipase)-mediated triglyceride lipolysis but rather modified the ability of VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein)/chylomicron remnants to be cleared from the circulation by the liver through receptors other than SR-BI. As a result, livers of double knockout mice only cleared 26% of the fractional dose of [
14
C]cholesteryl oleate after intravenous VLDL-like particle injection.

Conclusions:
We have shown that disruption of PLTP-mediated HDL maturation reduces SR-BI deficiency-driven atherosclerosis susceptibility in mice despite the induction of proatherogenic metabolic complications in the double knockout mice.
The Incredible Lightness of Water Vapor
Authors: Yang Da , Seidel Seth D. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe molar mass of water vapor is much less than that of dry air. This makes a moist parcel lighter than a dry parcel of the same temperature and pressure. This effect is referred to as the vapor buoyancy effect and has often been overlooked in climate studies. We propose that the vapor buoyancy effect increases Earth’s outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and that this negative radiative effect increases with warming, stabilizing Earth’s climate. We illustrate this mechanism in an idealized tropical atmosphere, where there is no horizontal buoyancy gradient in the free troposphere. Temperature increases toward dry atmosphere columns to compensate the reduced vapor buoyancy, increasing OLR by O(1 W m−2) at the reference climate. In warmer climates, the temperature difference between moist and dry columns would increase as a result of increasing atmospheric water vapor, leading to enhanced radiative effect and thereby stabilizing Earth’s climate. We estimate that this feedback strength is about O(0.2 W m−2 K−1) in the idealized atmosphere, which compares to cloud feedback and surface albedo feedback in the current climate. We further show evidence from observations and real-gas radiative transfer calculations for a significant radiative effect of vapor buoyancy in the tropical atmosphere.
Effect of Rainfall Events on SMAP Radiometer-Based Soil Moisture Accuracy Using Core Validation Sites
Authors: Colliander Andreas , Jackson Thomas J. , Berg Aaron , Bosch D. D. , Caldwell Todd , Chan Steven , Cosh Michael H. , Collins C. Holifield , Martínez-Fernández Jose , McNairn Heather , Prueger J. H. , Starks P. J. , Walker Jeffrey P. , Yueh Simon H. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSoil moisture retrieval is particularly challenging during and immediately after precipitation events because of the transient movement of water in the shallow subsurface. Conventional L-band microwave radiometer–based soil moisture products use algorithms that assume a static state and a constant vertical soil moisture distribution. This study assessed the retrieval performance of a SMAP radiometer-based soil moisture product during and immediately after rain events. The removal of the rain event samples systematically improved the unbiased root-mean-square error (ubRMSE) from 0.037 (all measurements) to 0.028 m3 m−3 (transitory measurements screened out), while the magnitude of the bias became larger (from −0.005 to −0.014 m3 m−3); RMSE improved from 0.047 to 0.042 m3 m−3, and the Pearson correlation saw a minor positive change from 0.813 to 0.824. The results indicate that removing samples during the transitional period causes the comparison to improve, but also suggests that the true bias may be larger than the one estimated using all the samples. Furthermore, the results revealed that the effect was stronger for areas with high clay content. An assessment of the performance of the product during the rain events (overpass within 3 h from the start of the rain) showed that the ubRMSE degraded from the benchmarked 0.036 m3 m−3 (during no rain events at all) to 0.043 m3 m−3 (during rain). The results also showed that the bias became wetter, which is expected because SMAP sensed the water on the surface before propagating to the in situ sensors. SMAP maintains its soil moisture sensitivity even during rain events and screening of rain events may not be necessary to ensure sufficient soil moisture retrieval quality.
Acute effect of one session of hemodiafiltration with endogenous reinfusion on uremic toxins and inflammatory mediators
Authors: Chen Xiaohong , Shen Bo , Cao Xuesen , Xiang Fangfang , Zou Jianzhou , Ding Xiaoqiang 
Published: January 2020

Aims: To investigate the acute effects of hemodiafiltration with endogenous infusion on the elimination of uremic toxins and inflammatory mediators in patients with end-stage renal disease. Materials and methods: A total of 37 end-stage renal disease patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis received a single hemodiafiltration with endogenous infusion dialysis treatment. The acute effects of one hemodiafiltration with endogenous infusion session on uremic toxins and inflammatory mediators were assessed by comparing the pre- and post-hemodiafiltration with endogenous infusion concentrations. Results: Hemoglobin and albumin were stable during hemodiafiltration with endogenous infusion therapy. The mean reduction ratios of β2-microglobulin, p-cresyl sulfate, and indoxyl sulfate were 43.60%, 40.91%, and 43.64%, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor-α also decreased significantly at a mean rate of 28.10%, while the concentrations of interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein remained unchanged after one session of hemodiafiltration with endogenous infusion. Conclusion: The hemodiafiltration with endogenous infusion system is a new dialysis technique that combines diffusion, convection, and adsorption processes. It allows for extensive solute removal, including protein-bound uremic toxins and some pro-inflammatory cytokines, but does not cause nutrient loss and inflammatory response during the treatment. Although the effect after a single hemodiafiltration with endogenous infusion session is limited, it may be improved by repeated and long-term treatment.
Outcomes of patients with limited-stage aggressive large B-cell lymphoma with high-risk cytogenetics
Authors: Torka Pallawi , Kothari Shalin K. , Sundaram Suchitra , Li Shaoying , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Ayers Emily C. , Landsburg Daniel J. , Bond David A. , Maddocks Kami J. , Giri Anshu , Hess Brian , Pham Luu Q. , Advani Ranjana , Liu Yang , Barta Stefan Klaus , Vose Julie M. , Churnetski Michael C. , Cohen Jonathon B. , Burkart Madelyn , Karmali Reem , Zurko Joanna , Mehta Amitkumar , Olszewski Adam J. , Lee Sarah , Hill Brian T. , Burns Timothy F. , Lansigan Frederick , Rabinovich Emma , Peace David , Groman Adrienne , Attwood Kristopher , Hernandez-Ilizaliturri Francisco J. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
There is a paucity of data regarding outcomes and response to standard therapy in patients with limited-stage (LS) agressive B-cell lymphoma (LS-ABCL) who harbor MYC rearrangement (MYC-R) with or without BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements. We conducted a multicenter retrospective study of MYC-R LS-ABCL patients who received either rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP), or more intensive immunochemotherapy (IIC) plus or minus consolidative involved-field radiation therapy (IFRT). One hundred four patients from 15 academic centers were included. Forty four patients (42%) received R-CHOP, of whom 52% had IFRT. Sixty patients (58%) received IIC, of whom 40% had IFRT. Overall response rate was 91% (84% complete response [CR]; 7% partial response). Patients with double-hit lymphoma (DHL; n = 40) had a lower CR rate compared with patients with MYC-R only (75% vs 98%; P = .003). CR rate was higher in the IFRT vs no-IFRT group (98% vs 72%; P &lt; .001). Median follow-up was 3.2 years; 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overal survival (OS) were 78% and 86% for the entire cohort, and 74% and 81% for the DHL patients, respectively. PFS and OS were similar across treatment groups (IFRT vs no IFRT, R-CHOP vs IIC) in the entire cohort and in DHL patients. Our data provide a historical benchmark for MYC-R LS-ABCL and LS-DHL patients and show that outcomes for this population may be better than previously recognized. There was no benefit of using IIC over R-CHOP in patients with MYC-R LS-ABCL and LS-DHL.
Sampling methods affect Nematode-Trapping Fungi biodiversity patterns across an elevational gradient
Authors: Deng Wei , Wang Jia-Liang , Scott Matthew B. , Fang Yi-Hao , Liu Shuo-Ran , Yang Xiao-Yan , Xiao Wen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding the patterns of species richness across elevational gradients is a key concept for contemporary research in ecology and evolution, and critical to understanding large-scale trends in biodiversity, global change and conservation. However, patterns of elevational species richness between taxonomic groups, regions and latitudes are inconsistent, so that various, sometimes conflicting hypotheses exist. Several scholars have pointed out that research on elevational distribution patterns is often biased by the sampling design employed. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed species richness of Nematode-Trapping Fungi (NTF) across an elevation gradient at two mountainous sites in western Yunnan Province, P.R. China. We tested for potential differences in the results when using different sampling designs.ResultsA total of 3 genera, 17 species, 222 strains of NTF were isolated and identified from Gaoligongshan and Cangshan. Species accumulation curves for both sites and sampling modes had acceptable leveling, demonstrating sufficient sampling effort. At Gaoligongshan, the elevation distribution patterns of NTF were different under two sampling patterns. When reducing the analyzed altitude range in Gaoligongshan, the elevation distribution pattern of the NTF changed. A similar elevation distribution pattern was observed in Cangshan when testing the same altitude range. In general, when treating the same dataset using different sampling designs, the resulting distribution patterns of species richness and occurrence frequencies were clearly different. Moreover, after removal of the samples located within lower-altitude zones affected by anthropogenic interferences, the distribution pattern of NTF in the two sites tended to become uniform.ConclusionThe sampling design, and in particular the elevation interval between plots, has a significant effect on the assessment of species distribution in mountainous regions. Other factors such as human activities and the multi-dimensionality of biodiversity also contribute to result biases. It is recommended that sampling design is given careful consideration in future studies on the elevational gradients of species richness, using stratified approaches according to the most relevant factors.
Receptor kinase FERONIA regulates flowering time in Arabidopsis
Authors: Wang Long , Yang Tao , Lin Qinlu , Wang Bingqian , Li Xu , Luan Sheng , Yu Feng 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
The receptor-like kinase FEROINA (FER) plays a crucial role in controlling plant vegetative growth partially by sensing the rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) peptide. However, the role of RALF1-FER in the vegetative-reproductive growth transition remains unknown. Here, we analyze the mechanism through which FER affects the flowering time in Arabidopsis.

Results
We found that the FER mRNA levels exhibit an oscillating pattern with a diurnal rhythm and that the clock oscillator CIRCADIAN CLOCK-ASSOCIATED1 (CCA1) up-regulates the expression of FER by associating with its chromatin. In addition, FER expression is regulated by clock genes, and FER also modulates the expression patterns of clock genes. Consistent with its gene expression pattern, FER positively regulates flowering by modulating the transcript accumulation and mRNA alternative splicing of certain flowering-related genes, including FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) and its homolog MADS AFFECTING FLOWERING (MAF). However, the RALF1 ligand negatively regulates flowering compared with FER.

Conclusions
We found that FER, which is up-regulated by CCA1, controls the flowering time by regulating the transcript accumulation and mRNA alternative splicing (AS) of some important flowering genes, and these findings link FER to the floral transition.
A population-based cohort study of mortality of intensive care unit patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Huang Yu-Feng , Lin Chao-Shun , Cherng Yih-Giun , Yeh Chun-Chieh , Chen Ray-Jade , Chen Ta-Liang , Liao Chien-Chang 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background
The impact of liver cirrhosis on the outcomes of admission to intensive care unit (ICU) is not completely understood. Our purpose is to identify risk factors for mortality in ICU patients with liver cirrhosis.

Methods
Using reimbursement claims from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database from in 2006–2012, 1,250,300 patients were identified as having ICU stays of more than 1 day, and 37,197 of these had liver cirrhosis. With propensity score-matching for socioeconomic status, pre-existing medical conditions, and cirrhosis-related morbidities, 37,197 ICU patients without liver cirrhosis were selected for comparison. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cirrhosis associated with 30-day, ICU, and one-year mortality were calculated.

Results
Compared with control, cirrhotic patients had higher 30-day mortality (aOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.53 to 1.68), particularly those with jaundice (aOR 2.23, 95% CI 2.03 to 2.45), ascites (aOR 2.32, 95% CI 2.19 to 2.46) or hepatic coma (aOR 2.21, 95% CI 2.07 to 2.36). Among ICU patients, liver cirrhosis was also associated with ICU mortality (aOR 144, 95% CI 1.38 to 1.51) and one-year mortality (aOR 1.40, 95% CI 1.35 to 1.46). Associations between cirrhosis of liver and increased 30-day mortality were significant in both sexes and every age group.

Conclusions
Liver cirrhosis was associated with 30-day mortality in ICU patients. Jaundice, ascites, hepatic coma, more than 4 admissions due to cirrhosis, and more than 30 days of hospital stay due to cirrhosis were exacerbated factors in cirrhotic ICU patients.