bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcome of kidney transplantation after bariatric surgery: A single‐center, retrospective cohort study
Authors: Outmani Loubna , Kimenai Hendrikus J. A. N. , Roodnat Joke I. , Leeman Marjolijn , Biter Ulas L. , Klaassen René A. , IJzermans Jan N. M. , Minnee Robert C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPatients with class II and III obesity and end‐stage renal disease are often ineligible for kidney transplantation (KTx) due to increased postoperative complications and technically challenging surgery. Bariatric surgery (BS) can be an effective solution for KTx candidates who are considered inoperable. The aim of this study is to evaluate outcomes of KTx after BS and to compare the outcomes to obese recipients (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) without BS. This retrospective, single‐center study included patients who received KTx after BS between January 1994 and December 2018. The primary outcome was postoperative complications. The secondary outcomes were graft and patient survival. In total, 156 patients were included, of whom 23 underwent BS prior to KTx. There were no significant differences in postoperative complications. After a median follow‐up of 5.1 years, death‐censored graft survival, uncensored graft survival, and patient survival were similar to controls (log rank test p = .845, .659, and .704, respectively). Dialysis pre‐transplantation (Hazard Ratio (HR) 2.55; 95%CI 1.03–6.34, p = .043) and diabetes (HR 2.41; 95%CI 1.11–5.22, p = .027) were independent risk factors for all‐cause mortality. A kidney from a deceased donor was an independent risk factor for death‐censored graft loss (HR 1.98; 95%CI 1.04–3.79, p = .038). Patients who received a KTx after BS have similar outcomes as obese transplant recipients.
Follow‐up of human adenovirus viral load in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients
Authors: Peker Bilal Olcay , Tüysüz Kintrup Gülen , Sağlık İmran , Can Sarınoğlu Rabia , Güler Elif , Mutlu Derya , Küpesiz Osman Alphan , Çolak Dilek 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe spectrum of human adenovirus (HAdV)–related disease is broad, and the virus acts on many organs and systems in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. We aimed to evaluate the effect of HAdV‐DNA positivity with clinical and laboratory findings 4 months after HSCT.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively investigated HAdV‐DNA in 153 HSCT recipients (≤18 years) by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RealStar; Altona Diagnostics). The results of samples from January 2014 to December 2017 are included. HAdV‐DNA was positive for at least one sample type in 50 (32.67%) patients. HAdV‐DNA positivity rate was 8.92% (N: 145/1625), 40.25% (N: 64/159), and 25% (N: 2/8) for plasma, stool, and urine samples, respectively. HAdV‐DNA was positive in the plasma of 38 (24.83%) patients at a median 16 (range: 1–58 days) days after HSCT. The mortality rate was 23.68% and 6.95% in plasma HAdV‐positive and HAdV‐negative patients (p = .014). Moreover, HAdV‐DNA positivity had an impact on overall survival for allogeneic‐HSCT (p = .013), with the cumulative effect including graft‐versus‐host disease state in multivariate analysis (p = .014).ConclusionsPlasma HAdV‐DNA positivity is a potential influencer that decreases survival in the early post‐transplant period. Due to the high mortality rates, close monitoring is required of HAdV infections after HSCT with sensitive methods, especially at the early stage.
The impact of the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic and COVID‐19 on lung transplantation in the UK: Lessons learned from the first wave
Authors: Hardman Gillian , Sutcliffe Ruth , Hogg Rachel , Mumford Lisa , Grocott Laura , Mead‐Regan Sarah‐Jane , Nuttall Jane , Dunn Stephanie , Seeley Philip , Clark Stephen , Quigley Richard , Al‐Attar Nawwar , Booth Karen , Dark John H. , Fisher Andrew J. ,   the NHS Blood, Transplant Cardiothoracic Advisory Group Clinical Audit Group
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundLung transplantation is particularly susceptible to the impact of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) pandemic, and evaluation of changes to practice is required to inform future decision‐making.MethodsA retrospective review of the UK Transplant Registry (UKTR) and national survey of UK lung transplant centers has been performed.ResultsThere was geographic variation in the prevalence of COVID‐19 infection across the UK. The number of donors fell by 48% during the early pandemic period. Lung utilization fell to 10% (compared with 24% for the same period of 2019). The number of lung transplants performed fell by 77% from 53, March to May 2019, to 12. Seven (58%) of these were performed in a single‐center, designated “COVID‐light.” The number of patients who died on the lung transplant waiting list increased, compared to the same period of 2019 (p = .0118). Twenty‐six lung transplant recipients with confirmed COVID‐19 infection were reported during the study period.ConclusionAs the pandemic continues, reviewing practice and implementing the lessons learned during this period, including the use of robust donor testing strategies and the provision of “COVID‐light” hospitals, are vital in ensuring the safe continuation of our lung transplant program.
Evolving utilization of donation after circulatory death livers in liver transplantation: The day of DCD has come
Authors: Haque Omar , Yuan Qing , Uygun Korkut , Markmann James F. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCompared to donation after brain death (DBD), livers procured for transplantation from donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors experience more ischemia‐reperfusion injury and higher rates of ischemic cholangiopathy due to the period of warm ischemic time (WIT) following withdrawal of life support. As a result, utilization of DCD livers for liver transplant (LT) has generally been limited to short WITs and younger aged donor grafts, causing many recovered DCD organs to be discarded without consideration for transplant. This study assesses how DCD liver utilization and outcomes have changed over time, using OPTN data from adult, first‐time, deceased donor, whole‐organ LTs between January 1995 and December 2019. Results show that increased clinical experience with DCD LT has translated into increased use of livers from DCD donors, shorter ischemic times, shorter lengths of hospitalization after transplant, and lower rates of retransplantation. The data also reveal that over the past decade, the rate of increase in DCD LTs conducted in the United States has outpaced that of DBD. Together, these trends signal an opportunity for the field of liver transplantation to mitigate the organ shortage by capitalizing on DCD liver allografts that are currently not being utilized.
Echocardiographic differences between D‐TGA and L‐TGA in adult patients
Authors: Kheiwa Ahmed , Harris Ian S. , Varadarajan Padmini 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTransposition of the great arteries (TGA) is a common cardiac malformation in which the great arteries are discordant relative to the ventricles. The two common forms of transposition include D‐TGA, which presents with cyanosis early in life, and L‐TGA, which on the other hand, may permit survival to adulthood without being diagnosed in childhood. There are remarkable differences between these two forms of TGA in the clinical presentation, echocardiographic findings, and long‐term outcomes. Multimodality imaging in patients with TGA usually provides diagnostic and hemodynamic assessment for routine follow‐up and preoperative planning prior to surgical or transcatheter intervention. In this review, we present a summary of the fundamental echocardiographic aspects of these two forms of TGA with emphasis in the adult congenital heart disease population.
Echocardiography in adult patients with PDA: A simplified approach
Authors: Rajesh Vinutha , Kheiwa Ahmed , Varadarajan Padmini 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPatent ductus arteriosus is a common congenital heart anomaly in the newborn and children. It is often diagnosed and treated in childhood; however, there are a subset of patients who survive to adulthood undiagnosed, and it is present in adulthood with various clinical presentations. The clinical presentation, hemodynamics, and management of PDA presentation in adults depend on various factors, primarily the size of PDA, magnitude of shunting, and status of pulmonary vasculature. Echocardiography is often the primary imaging modality in the evaluation of adult patients with PDA and is an important tool that provides diagnostic and hemodynamic assessment for the initial evaluation and routine follow‐up after PDA closure. In this review, we present a simplified approach of basic echocardiographic assessment of various types of PDA presentations in adults.
Plasma soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 and depression after acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Lu Yaling , Qian Sifan , Chen Haichang , Yuan Pengcheng , Zhang Rui , Wang Aili , Zhang Jintao , Ju Zhong , Zhang Yonghong , Xu Tan , Zhong Chongke 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and purposeSoluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) might be related to stroke and depression, but the association of sST2 with poststroke depression (PSD) is unclear. The study aimed to prospectively assess the association between plasma sST2 levels and PSD.MethodsA total of 635 acute ischemic stroke patients with sST2 measurements from the China Antihypertensive Trial in Acute Ischemic Stroke were included in this analysis. We used the 24‐item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression to assess depression at 3 months, and PSD was defined as a score of ≥8. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the risk of PSD associated with sST2, and net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were calculated to assess the predictive value of sST2.ResultsTwo hundred fifty (39.4%) patients developed depression at 3 months after ischemic stroke. Patients with PSD had higher sST2 levels than patients without PSD (172.7 vs. 153.8 pg/ml; p = 0.003). After adjustment for age, sex, education, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, and other covariates, the odds ratio for the highest quartile of sST2 compared with the lowest quartile was 1.84 (95% confidence interval, 1.10–3.08) for PSD. Adding sST2 to a conventional model notably improved risk prediction for PSD (category‐free NRI = 19.34%, 95% confidence interval = 4.39%–34.28%, p = 0.017; IDI = 1.20%, 95% confidence interval = 0.25%–2.15%, p = 0.014).ConclusionsIncreased plasma sST2 levels in the acute phase of ischemic stroke were significantly associated with the increased risk of PSD, independently of conventional risk factors.
Embodiment, Empathic Perception, and Spiritual Ontologies in Q'eqchi’ Maya Healing: An Ethnographic Exploration
Authors: Hatala Andrew R. , Caal Thomas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSocial science research and theory suggests that perception can be viewed as an embodied process of social and cultural mediation. This embodied view of perception involves deep connections between the mind and body, as well as the larger social context. Previous research with Maya communities has outlined how aspects of subject and object, or self and other, can be bridged through forms of social connectedness with the family or community. This ethnographic work with Q'eqchi’ Maya healers in southern Belize details embodied and sensual aspects of therapeutic encounters, including aspects of healers embodied modes of perception or “signs” during pulse reading, manual manipulation, dreams, and prayer that mesh together and span across worlds of flesh and spirit. These embodied forms of somatic knowledge further allow us to reflect on the notions of “empathy” in Q'eqchi’ clinical encounters, challenging cognitive biases and boundaries of patients, healers, and spiritual worlds. Exploring an ontological shift away from mere material bodies and social actors opens new directions for embodiment literature and a query of spiritual ontologies. Methodological and theoretical tools to critique a spiritual/material dualism and re‐vision embodiment practices of therapeutic engagement, including their clinical significations, representations, and cultural meanings, are also explored.
Right atrial‐related structures in horses of interest during electrophysiological studies
Authors: Vernemmen Ingrid , Vera Lisse , Van Steenkiste Glenn , Deserranno Bram , Muylle Sofie , Decloedt Annelies , van Loon Gunther 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundArrhythmias are common in horses, but catheter‐based minimally invasive electrophysiological studies and therapeutic interventions have been poorly explored in equine medicine, partly due to the lack of detailed anatomical knowledge of the equine heart.ObjectivesTo describe the dimensions and anatomical features of some electrophysiologically important landmarks of the right atrium in detail and assess their correlation with bodyweight and aortic diameter.Study designEx vivo cadaveric study.MethodsTwenty‐one hearts of Warmblood horses, subjected to euthanasia for noncardiovascular reasons, were examined post‐mortem. The dimensions and anatomical features of the coronary sinus, the great cardiac vein and the oval fossa were recorded. Spearman's Rho correlation coefficients were calculated for correlations between the quantitative parameters and bodyweight and aortic diameter.ResultsMedian dimensions for coronary sinus, great cardiac vein and oval fossa were obtained. A Thebesian valve, partially covering the ostium of the coronary sinus, was present in 9 of the 21 hearts. A median of 6.5 (range 4‐9) valves were present in the great cardiac vein. Several parameters, among which the dimensions of the oval fossa and the length of the great cardiac vein, were significantly positively correlated with bodyweight and aortic diameter.Main limitationsMeasurements do not consider the dynamic changes during the cardiac cycle as measurements were performed ex vivo. All specimens were retrieved from Warmblood horses, therefore measurements might not apply to other breeds.ConclusionsThis study delivers a detailed description of important right atrial‐related structures, necessary for the development of minimally invasive intracardiac procedures in horses. Adequate imaging techniques will have to be explored in order to guide these procedures.
Validation of standing cone beam computed tomography for diagnosing subchondral fetlock pathology in the Thoroughbred racehorse
Authors: Curtiss Alexandra L. , Ortved Kyla F. , Dallap‐Schaer Barbara , Gouzeev Sergei , Stefanovski Darko , Richardson Dean W. , Wulster Kathryn B. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundSubchondral bone pathology is common in Thoroughbred racehorses and believed to precede more serious injury. Early identification of pathology is critical to allow for intervention.ObjectivesTo determine interobserver variability of fetlock subchondral bone lesions using cone beam and fan beam computed tomography (CBCT, FBCT) and to validate a robotics‐controlled CBCT to identify fetlock subchondral bone pathology in the Thoroughbred racehorse.Study designProspective cohort study.MethodsFBCT and CBCT images were acquired of 25 metacarpo‐/metatarsophalangeal joints of Thoroughbred racehorses. Images were analysed for subchondral bone lesions commonly identified in Thoroughbred fetlocks by an imaging specialist and surgery specialist. Interobserver and intermodality equivalence were determined with a Pearson correlation analysis and Bland‐Altman equivalence test.ResultsInterobserver FBCT correlation was significant (P < .05) for 19 of 25 variables (Pearson R mean 0.77). Concordance was significant for all 25 variables (Bland Altman average difference 0.28 ± 0.21 mm). Interobserver CBCT correlation was significant for 21 of 25 variables (Pearson R mean 0.73). Concordance was significant for all variables (Bland Altman average difference 0.07 ± 1.90 mm). Intermodality (FBCT vs CBCT) correlation and concordance was significant for all variables as interpreted by the radiologist (Pearson R mean of 0.72, Bland Altman average difference 0.21 ± 0.47 mm). Intermodality correlation was significant for 19 of 25 variables as interpreted by the surgeon (Pearson R mean of 0.72). Concordance was significant for all variables (Bland Altman average difference 0.49 ± 0.52 mm).Main limitationsNeither FBCT nor CBCT images were compared with other imaging modalities/histopathology; limited number of cases included; inconsistent agreement of small lesions in specific categories.ConclusionsStanding CBCT is a valid diagnostic modality to identify subchondral bone lesions in Thoroughbred fetlocks. This technology may provide valuable information regarding the development and progression of fetlock pathology and yield insight into predisposing factors leading to more severe pathology.
Parental lifespan and the likelihood of reaching the age of 90 years in the Netherlands Cohort Study
Authors: Brandts Lloyd , van Poppel Frans WA , van den Brandt Piet A 
Published: December 2020

AimGrowing evidence suggests an association between parental longevity and lifespan of subsequent generations. We aimed to reproduce earlier findings, showing a positive association between parental longevity and offspring's longevity. Additionally, we investigated whether this is mainly driven by the maternal or paternal germline in male and female offspring.MethodsFor these analyses, data from the oldest birth cohort (1916–17) of the Netherlands Cohort Study was used. Participants filled in a baseline questionnaire in 1986 (at age 68–70 years). Follow up for vital status information until the age of 90 years (2006–07) was >99.9% complete. Multivariable‐adjusted Cox regression analyses with a fixed follow‐up time were based on 2368 men and 2657 women with complete parental survival data and relevant confounders to calculate risk ratios (RR) of reaching longevity.ResultsIn age‐adjusted models, paternal and maternal age at death were significantly positively associated with reaching 90 years in both male and female offspring. In male offspring, paternal age at death (≥90 yearsvs<80 years) showed the strongest association with survival to 90 years (RR 1.42, 95% CI 1.07–1.89), after confounder correction. In female offspring, maternal age at death (≥90 yearsvs<80 years) showed the strongest association with survival to 90 years (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.04–1.40).DiscussionAfter confounder adjustment, stronger and significant associations were observed between paternal lifespan and male offspring longevity, and maternal lifespan and female offspring longevity. Future research should investigate through which pathways a longer lifespan of parents is transmitted to their offspring.Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 215–221.
Incidence of recently acquired hepatitis C virus infection among HIV‐infected patients in southern Spain
Authors: Gonzalez‐Serna A , Macias J , Palacios R , Gómez‐Ayerbe C , Tellez F , Rivero‐Juárez A , Fernandez M , Santos J , Real LM , Gonzalez‐Domenech CM , Gomez‐Mateos J , Pineda JA ,   the HEPAVIR study group
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesSpain is close to HCV microelimination, so rates of recently acquired HCV infection (RAHC) should decrease. Nowadays, men who have sex with men (MSM) carry the highest risk of HCV acquisition. Our aim was to estimate the incidence of and the factors associated with RAHC, together with reinfection rates, among patients sexually infected by HIV.MethodsPrimary RAHC infection was diagnosed when anti‐HCV antibody seroconversion was documented. In anti‐HCV positive patients, initially without HCV viraemia, a diagnosis of reinfection was established if plasma HCV RNA was detected.ResultsAll 350 patients tested negative for anti‐HCV at baseline and had at least one follow‐up visit. Among them, there were 16 RAHC cases from 2016 to 2019. RAHC incidence rates [IR (95% confidence interval, CI)] per 100 person‐years were 3.77 (0.5–12.9) in 2016, 1.85 (0.6–4.3) in 2017, 1.49 (0.4–3.8) in 2018 and 1.98 (0.6–4.5) in 2019. Only previous sexually transmitted infections [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 18.23, 95% CI: 1.93–172.1; P = 0.011], male sex (IRR = 8.33, 95% CI: 1.38–54.15; P = 0.026) and sharing chem‐sex drugs (IRR: 4.93, 95% CI: 1.17–20.76; P = 0.030), were independently associated with RAHC. Four out of 42 (9.5%) patients became reinfected.ConclusionsThe incidence of RAHC among HIV‐infected patients showed a decrease after 2016, although a lower but steady incidence of residual cases still remains. HCV reinfections showed a similar pattern. New infections were associated with sharing chem‐sex drugs among MSM.
Ultrasound imaging for the differential diagnosis of periapical lesions of endodontic origin in comparison with histopathology – a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Natanasabapathy V. , Arul B. , Mishra A. , Varghese A. , Padmanaban S. , Elango S. , Arockiam S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundDifferentiating periapical lesions is important for treatment planning and subsequent treatment outcome.ObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound imaging for the differentiation of periapical lesions in comparison with histopathology.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and ProQuest databases were searched for clinical studies published until June 2020 that evaluated the use of ultrasound (US) imaging for differential diagnosis of periapical lesions and used histopathology as the reference standard. Animal studies, laboratory‐based studies, reviews and clinical studies not using a reference standard were excluded. Risk of bias (RoB) assessment was performed using a modified Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies‐2 (QUADAS‐2) tool. The random effects model was used for quantitative analysis of the data, and the Deeks test was used for calculating publication bias. Quality of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE).ResultsTwelve articles were included in the systematic review, out of which ten articles were quantitatively assessed. All the articles had a high RoB and concerns regarding applicability in the patient selection domain. For the index test domain, seven articles had low and the remaining five had unclear RoB and concerns regarding applicability. In the reference standard domain, low RoB and concerns regarding applicability were observed for all the articles. The RoB was low in flow and timing domains in all the articles except for one, where it was high. Summary estimates of sensitivity and specificity of US to diagnose periapical granulomas were 0.94 and 0.98, whereas for periapical cysts it was 0.98 and 0.99, respectively. Area under the curve for diagnosis of both periapical granulomas and periapical cysts was 0.99. All the included articles had inherent publication bias. Quality of evidence using GRADE, for sensitivity, was moderate for periapical granulomas and high for periapical cysts, whereas for specificity, it was high for periapical granulomas and low for periapical cysts.DiscussionThe available evidence is considered to be of low quality due to the observational nature of the studies and inherent publication bias.ConclusionAlthough the sensitivity and specificity for differentiating periapical cysts and periapical granulomas using US were high, taking the quality of evidence into consideration, it can serve as an additional tool in differential diagnosis of periapical lesions.