bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges in Diagnosis of Food Allergies via Oral Food Challenges: A Qualitative Analysis of the Caregiver Perspective
Authors: Correa Natasha , Protudjer Jennifer LP , Hsu Elaine , Soller Lianne , Chan Edmond S , Kim Harold , Jeimy Samira 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Food allergy disproportionately affects children and contributes to poor quality of life for families. As a result, accurate diagnosis of food allergy is important. Oral food challenges (OFC) are the gold standard test for diagnosis of food allergy. Yet, many children do not undergo OFCs. The purpose of this study was to understand the barriers to OFCs faced by parents of children with food allergies in Ontario, as well as solutions to increase their utilization.Methods: Three focus group discussions were carried out with a total of 24 parents of children with food allergies in Kitchener-Waterloo, Ontario. Focus group data were analyzed using constant comparative analysis.Results: Parents misperceived OFCs as management of food allergies. They were also unsure about whether OFCs take place in hospitals, clinics or in the home. Parents reported several barriers to OFCs including not being referred by their primary care physicians, wait times, and fear and anxiety. Additionally, parents with older children, children with multiple allergies and children who could only tolerate allergens in its baked form felt that OFCs would not improve their quality of life. Solutions offered by parents to increase uptake of OFCs included education of the public, physicians and policy makers to improve knowledge and training, and ensure timely access to OFCs. Parents also suggested a need for improved counselling about the risk of OFCs, psychological support, and sharing of patient success stories. Long-term follow-up after an OFC as well as support and guidance around food reintroduction was also suggested to ensure OFCs resulted in an improvement in quality of life.Conclusion: Interventions aimed at addressing barriers to OFCs identified by parents have the potential to increase utilization of OFCs, and thereby reduce the burden of food allergies in children and improve quality of life.
Association of 25 Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration with Risk of COVID-19: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Liu Di , Tian Qiuyue , Zhang Jie , Hou Haifeng , Wang Wei , Meng Qun , Wang Youxin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a large global pandemic. In observational studies, 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentration has been associated with an increased risk of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, it remains unclear whether this association is causal.Methods: We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore the causal relationship between 25OHD concentration and COVID-19, using summary data from the genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and using 25OHD concentration-related SNPs as instrumental variables (IVs). Results: MR analysis did not show any evidence of a causal association of 25OHD concentration with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity (odds ratio [OR]=1.136, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.988-1.306, P=0.074; OR=0.889, 95% CI 0.549-1.439, P=0.632). Sensitivity analyses using different instruments and statistical models yielded similar findings, suggesting the robustness of the causal association. No obvious pleiotropy bias and heterogeneity were observed.Conclusions: The MR analysis showed that there might be no linear causal relationship of 25OHD concentration with COVID-19 susceptibility and severity.
A Multi-Parametric Prognostic Model Based on Clinical Features and Serological Markers Predicts Overall Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Viral Infection
Authors: Chen Shulin , Huang Hanqing , Liu Yijun , Lai Changchun , Peng Songguo , Zhou Lei , Chen Hao , Xu Yiwei , He Xia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
features and serological markers to estimate overall survival (OS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with chronic hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection.Methods: The prognostic model was generated by using Lasso regression in training cohort. The incremental predictive value of the model to traditional TNM staging and clinical treatment for individualized survival was evaluated by concordance index (C-index), time-dependent ROC (tdROC), and decision curve analysis (DCA). A model risk score nomogram for OS was built by combining TNM staging and clinical treatment. Then we stratified patients into high and low risk subgroups according to the model risk score. Difference in survival between subgroups was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Furthermore, correlations between the prognostic model and TNM staging or treatment were analysed.Results: The C-index values of the model for predicting OS were 0.769 and 0.676 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively, which were higher than that of TNM staging, and treatment, the tdROC curve and DCA also showed the model had good predictive accuracy and discriminatory power than TNM staging and treatment. And the nomogram shown some clinical net benefit. According to the model risk score, we divided the patients into low risk and high risk subgroups. The differences of OS rates were significant in the subgroups. Furthermore, the model was positive correlation with TNM staging and treatment. Conclusions: The proposed prognostic model showed favorable performance than traditional TNM staging and clinical treatment for estimating OS in NSCLC (HBV+) patients.
Reliability, Validity, and Cutoff Point of the Chinese Version of the Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment Tool in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Wu Yuchen , Wang Guoqiang , Ding Nannan , Jiang Biantong , Zhang Zhigang , Wei Huaping , Li Bin , Yue Weigang , Tian Jinhui 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment Tool (CPAx) into a Chinese version of CPAx (“CPAx-Chi”), test the reliability and validity of CPAx-Chi, and verify the cutoff point for the diagnosis of intensive care unit-acquired weakness (ICU-AW) Material and methods: Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of CPAx into CPAx-Chi was based on the Brislin model. Participants were recruited from the general ICU of five third-grade class-A hospitals in western China. Adult patients (n = 200) 48 h after receiving intensive care were included (median age, 53 years; 64% males). Patients were assessed by two assessment scales: Medical Research Council Muscle Score (MRC-Score) and CPAx-Chi.Results: The item-level content validity was 0.889. The scale-level content validity was 0.955. Taking the MRC-Score scale as standard, the criterion validity of CPAx-Chi was r = 0.758 (p < 0.001) for Researcher A, and r = 0.65 (p < 0.001) for Researcher B. Cronbach’s ɑ was 0.939. The inter-rater reliability was 0.902 (p < 0.001). The AUC of CPAx-Chi for diagnosing ICU-AW based on MRC-Score ≤48 was 0.899 (95%CI 0.862–1.025) and 0.874 (0.824–0.925) for Researcher B. The maximum value of the Youden Index was 0.643, and the best cutoff point for CPAx-Chi for the diagnosis of ICU-AW was 31.5. The sensitivity was 87% and specificity was 77% for Researcher A, whereas it was 0.621, 31.5, 75%, and 87% for Researcher B, respectively. The consistency was high when taking CPAx-Chi ≤31 and MRC-Score ≤48 as the cutoff points for the diagnosis of ICU-AW. Also, kappa = 0.845 (p = 0.02) in Researcher A and 0.839 (p = 0.04) for Researcher B. Conclusions: CPAx-Chi had good content validity, criterion-related validity and reliability. CPAx-Chi showed the best accuracy in assessment of patients at risk for ICU-AW with good sensitivity and specificity at a recommended cutoff of 31.
Prolonged Dark Time Within A 24-h Light Regime Improves Eggshell Quality by Enhancing Calcium Deposition in Laying Hens
Authors: Xin Qian , Zhao Jingpeng , Jiao Hongchao , Li Haifang , Wang Xiaojuan , Lin Hai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: The absorption and transportation of calcium and phosphorus is mainly relied on their corresponding transporters. Eggshell is mainly formed during dark time in one egg cycle. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of different light regime on eggshell quality and the expression of the relevant calcium and phosphorus transporters in laying hens. Seventy two 56-week-old laying hens were randomly divided into two groups and subjected to the following treatments: 16 h light: 8 h dark (control) and 9 h light: 15 h dark (LDP). The expression of phosphorus transporters type IIb Na/Pi co-transporter NaPi-IIa (NPt2a) and NaPi-IIb (NPt2b), calcium transporter calbindin-D28k (CaBP-D28k), and plasma membrane Ca ATPase 1b (PMCA1b) were measured in small intestine, kidney, and eggshell gland. Results: The results showed that the feed intake (P < 0.001) and egg weight (P = 0.05) was decreased by LDP treatment, while laying rate, egg production, and feed efficiency were not significantly influenced (P > 0.05). Compared to control, eggshell hardness was increased (P < 0.05) by LDP treatment whereas eggshell thickness and eggshell percentage were not significant changed. Eggshell calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) contents were elevated in LDP-hens, compared to control birds. Compared to control birds, serum Ca (P < 0.01) and P levels (P = 0.079) at dark time were increased in LDP-hens while and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was lowered (P < 0.05). The protein expression levels of CaBP-D28k and PMCA1b were not influenced in duodenum but were decreased at light time in jejunum of LDP hens. In kidney, the expression of CaBP-D28k, PMCA1b and NPt2a were not changed by LDP treatment. In eggshell gland, however, the expression of CaBP-D28k and osteopontin (OPN) were relative higher in LDP hens compared to control birds, whereas the PMCA1b expression was not altered. Conclusions: The result indicates that the increased circulating Ca and P concentrations in dark time are favorable for the deposition of calcium and phosphorus in eggshell. The result offers an alternative strategy for the laying hen with a worse eggshell problem.
Enterobacter Ludwigii Protects Experimental Colitis Through CD103+DC and Treg Cells
Authors: Li Qianqian , Sun Xuan , Yu Kaiyuan , Lv Junqiang , Miao Chunhui , Yang Jianming , Wang Song , Fu Zheng , Zhang Hong , Zhang Zhi-Song , Yao Zhi , Wang Quan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Intestinal bacteria are closely related with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and regulatory cell-mediated immune tolerance is important to inhibit IBD. Commensal intestinal bacteria play key roles in regulating immune tolerance cell, however, bacterial strains directly involved in this regulation remain to be identified.Results: In the present study, metronidazole, among nine antibiotics, was found to have the best effect on protecting mice against DSS-induced colitis. Enterobacter ludwigi, abundant in mouse feces after metronidazole treatment, was identified to decrease mice susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis with or without the presence of complex intestinal bacteria. E. ludwigii gavage increased CD103+DCs and Foxp3+Treg cells in intestinal microenvironment, and effects of E. ludwigii on diminishing colitis were lost in DC or Treg depletion mice. CD103+DCs isolated from E. ludwigii-treated mice showed enhanced ability to promote the Treg differentiation from naive T cells. DCs, directly stimulated by live E. ludwigii strain or its culture supernatant, had increased immune tolerance ability for Treg differentiation in vitro. Conclusions: Overall, our findings identify a facultative anaerobe bacterial strain E. ludwigii, which directly enhances CD103+DC and Treg-mediated immune tolerance, resulting in protecting mice against DSS-induced colitis.
Technique for Arthroscopic Resection of the Distal Clavicle in Patients with Symptomatic Acromioclavicular Joint Osteoarthritis: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Minamikawa Tomohiko , Shibata Yozo , Minokawa So 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Arthroscopic resection of the distal clavicle has the potential risk of inadequate resection that may be associated with residual postoperative pain. We propose a new arthroscopic technique to excise the distal clavicle precisely and reproducibly without causing impingement or instability of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of arthroscopic distal clavicle resection in patients with symptomatic AC joint osteoarthritis.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 26 patients (mean age, 55.3 ± 16.0 years) who underwent arthroscopic distal clavicle resection between April 2010 and September 2017 with a minimum 1-year follow-up (mean follow-up, 25.3 ± 11.1 months). Nine of these patients also underwent rotator cuff repair. Clinical evaluations performed preoperatively and at final follow-up included subjective pain scores according to a visual analogue scale (VAS), range-of-motion examinations, UCLA scores, and Shoulder-36 scores. Shoulder muscle strengths were measured with a handheld dynamometer. The amount of distal clavicle resection was measured on plain radiographs. Results: No patients had AC joint tenderness. There were significant differences between the preoperative and postoperative VAS, UCLA, and Shoulder-36 scores (P < 0.05). Muscle strengths were measured preoperatively and at final follow-up in 14 patients. Elevation and internal rotation strengths were significantly greater postoperatively, but there was no significant difference in external rotation strength. The mean amount of distal clavicle resection was 14.1 ± 2.1 mm. The mean coracoclavicular distance was 8.4 ± 1.6 mm preoperatively and 8.6 ± 1.8 mm at final follow-up, with no significant difference. Conclusions: Our arthroscopic technique of distal clavicle resection for AC joint osteoarthritis resulted in successful clinical outcomes at final follow-up. Bone resection was performed according to the amount planned, as confirmed on postoperative radiographs. The technique allows resection of the distal clavicle with accurate shape and amount as planned preoperatively with no postoperative instability of the AC joint.
A Modified Method to Treat Severe Asymptomatic Pre-existing Degeneration of Adjacent Segment: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Zhang Xinliang , Zhu Jinwen , Li Yibing , Hao Dingjun , Gao Wenjie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Pre-existing degeneration of adjacent segment is an important risk factor for adjacent segment degeneration (ASD), but limited and controversial studies have addressed its management.Methods: Patients with symptomatic degeneration of the L5/S1 segment warranting surgical interference and severe asymptomatic degeneration of the L4/5 segment were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, those who underwent interbody fusion in the causative (L5/S1) segment and distraction of the intervertebral space and facet fusion in the adjacent L4/5 segment were included as Group A (n=103). Patients who underwent interbody fusion in both L5/S1 and L4/5 segments were included as Group B (n=81). Clinical and radiographic outcomes were evaluated.Results: Mean follow-up was 58.5 months (range, 48-75 m). No significant difference in clinical outcomes or the incidence of adjacent segment degeneration in L3/4 segment was found between Groups A and B. Compared with Group B, less bleeding (315±84 vs. 532±105 ml), shorter operation time (107±34 vs. 158±55 min) and lower costs (13,830±2640 vs. 16,020±3380 US$) were found in Group A (P<0.05). In Group A, disc height ratio (DHR) of L4/5 segment was significantly increased from preoperative value of 0.40±0.13 to last follow-up value of 0.53±0.18 (P<0.05), while the degree of canal stenosis (DCS) was decreased from preoperative value of 34.3±11.2% to last follow-up value of 15.9±9.3% (P<0.05). Conclusions: This modified method could be effective in treating severe asymptomatic pre-existing degeneration of adjacent segment in lumbar spine.
WITHDRAWN: Are Intravertebral Clefts Kümmell’s Disease?
Authors: Chen Zhenzhong , Lou Chao , Yu Weiyang , He Dengwei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Intravertebral clefts (IVC) used to be considered as the unique characteristic of Kümmell’s disease (KD). However, accumulating literatures and our clinical findings identified the presence of IVC in acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) as well. Since the exact time for incidence of OVCF is usually difficult to recall for old people, it leads to challenging to differentiate IVC from KD and acute OVCF and begs for further investigation. Moreover, the treatment scheme of the two is not exactly the same. In order to identify the differences between IVC of KD and OVCF, we performed this study of radiological features.Materials and Methods: Seventy-nine patients with IVC were included in our study, with 44 cases in the KD group and 35 cases in the acute OVCF group. Radiological images, including X-ray, CT, and MRI, were collected for each group. Results: Consistent with previous reports, IVC was present in both groups. Intriguingly, we found several unique features that were only present in the KD group, including sclerosis of the cleft margin (95.5%, 42/44), ossification of the fractured vertebrae (100%, 44/44), ossification of the pedicle (31.8%, 14/44), double-line sign (27.3%, 12/44), tress fracture of the spinous process (13.6%, 6/44) and even formation of paravertebral callus (18.2%, 8/44).Conclusion: IVC could present in patients with both KD and acute OVCF, which leads to the challenges in the differentiation of clinical diagnosis. Due to the differences in the treatment, it is essential for surgeons to identify the differences among radiological features between the two. We found that marginal cleft sclerosis, vertebral and pedicle ossification, double-line sign, spinous process fracture, and formation of paravertebral callus are unique radiological features of KD and could be used for differentiation of KD from acute OVCF with IVC.
LncRNA FAM83A-AS1 Dives ESCC Progression by Regulating miR-214/CDC25B&nbsp;Axis
Authors: Li Hongle , Jia Jinlin , Chu Jie , Sheng Jinxiu , Wang Chang , He Fucheng , Yin Huiqing , Wan Junhu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Recently, extensive researches have established that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) was an important factor that is strongly related to carcinogenesis. However, the function of lncRNAs in esophageal cell squamous carcinoma (ESCC) remains to be explored. In the current study, we assessed the expression pattern and the biological function of FAM83A-AS1 in ESCC. Methods qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of FAM83A-AS1,miR-214, and CDC25B expression in ESCCtissues and cell lines. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8, Transwell, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays were performed to define the function of FAM83A-AS1 in ESCC cell. Furthermore, the regulation of miR-214 by FAM83A-AS1 was defined by qRT- PCR and rescue assays.In addition, the association between CDC25B,miR-214,CDC25B were performed with qRT-PCR.Results: Here we discovered that FAM83A-AS1 was strongly expressed in ESCC tissues. FAM83A-AS1 abundance was associated with TNM stages and the differentiation grade of ESCC patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis indicated the high accuracy of FAM83A-AS1 in ESCC diagnosis. Functionally, inhibiting FAM83A-AS1 repressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in ESCC. In addition, we found that FAM83A-AS1 accelerated cell cycle and inhibited cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, we found that FAM83A-AS1 regulated miR-214 expression and there was a negative correlation between miR-214 and FAM83A-AS1 in ESCC. Rescue assay indicated that miR-214 could impair the suppressing effect of cell migration induced by FAM83A-AS1 depletion. Furthermore, CDC25B was a direct target of miR-214 and FAM83A-AS1 enhanced CDC25B expression while miR-214 positively CDC25B expression in ESCC. Conclusions Collectively, we concluded that FAM83A-AS1 facilitated ESCC progression by regulating the miR-214/CDC25B axis. Our study showed FAM83A-AS1 may act as a target for ESCC diagnosis and therapy.
Death After Discharge: Prognostic Model of 1-year Mortality in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients Undergoing Decompressive Craniectomy
Authors: Cui Wenxing , Ge Shunnan , Shi Yingwu , Wu Xun , Luo Jianing , Lui Haixiao , Zhu Gang , Guo Hao , Feng Dayun , Qu Yan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Despite advances in decompressive craniectomy (DC) for the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI), a high risk of poor long-term prognosis exists in these patients. The aim of this study is to predict 1-year mortality in TBI patients undergoing DC using the logistic regression and random tree models.METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of TBI patients undergoing DC from January 1, 2015 to April 25, 2019. Patient demographic characteristics, biochemical tests and intraoperative factors were collected. 1-year mortality prognostic models were developed using multivariate logistic regression and random tree algorithms. Overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) were used to evaluate model performance.RESULTS: Of the 230 patients, 70 (30.4%) died within 1 year. Older age (OR, 1.066; 95% CI, 1.045-1.087; P < 0.001), higher Glasgow coma score (GCS) (OR, 0.737; 95% CI, 0.660-0.824; P < 0.001), higher d-dimer (OR, 1.005; 95% CI, 1.001-1.009; P = 0.015), coagulopathy (OR, 2.965; 95% CI, 1.808-4.864; P < 0.001), hypotension (OR, 3.862; 95% CI, 2.176-6.855; P < 0.001) and completely effaced basal cisterns (OR, 3.766; 95% CI, 2.255-6.290; P < 0.001) were independent predictors of 1-year mortality. Random forest demonstrated better performance for 1-year mortality prediction, which achieved overall accuracy of 0.810, sensitivity of 0.833, specificity of 0.800, and AUC of 0.830 on the testing data, compared to logistic regression model.CONCLUSIONS: Random forest model showed relatively good predictive performance for 1-year mortality in TBI patients undergoing DC. Further external test is required to verify our prognostic model.
The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on social network sites use, body image disturbances and self-esteem among adolescents and young women
Authors: Vall-Roqué Helena , Andrés Ana , Saldaña Carmina 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on social network sites (SNS) use and to explore whether SNS use is associated with body image disturbances and low self-esteem. A total of 2601 women living in Spain aged 14-35 years completed questionnaire measures of SNS use, self-esteem, body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. In the survey, participants were asked about their use of SNS at the moment of answering the survey and before lockdown. A statistically significant increase was found in the frequency of use of all studied SNS (Instagram, YouTube, TikTok, Twitter and Facebook) during lockdown, as well as in the number of women following appearance-focused Instagram accounts. Moreover, significant relationships were found between the frequency of Instagram use and body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness and low self-esteem in the younger age group (14-24), and between the frequency of Instagram use and drive for thinness in the older age group (25-35). Following appearance-focused accounts on Instagram was related to body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness in the younger group, and only to drive for thinness in the older group (25-35). Following appearance-focused accounts on Instagram and a higher frequency of use of Instagram significantly predicted higher levels of drive for thinness. These results suggest that lockdown has had an impact on SNS use, and this might be linked to increased drive for thinness and eating disorder risk among adolescents and young women.