bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemically Diverse Multifunctional Peptide Platforms with Antimicrobial and Cell Adhesive Properties
Authors: Martin‐Gómez Helena , Oliver‐Cervelló Lluís , Buxadera‐Palomero Judit , Ginebra Maria‐Pau , Mas‐Moruno Carles 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBacterial infections and incomplete biomaterial integration are major problems that can lead to the failure of medical implants. However, simultaneously addressing these two issues remains a challenge. Here, we present a chemical peptide library based on a multifunctional platform containing the antimicrobial peptide LF1‐11 and the cell‐adhesive motif RGD. The scaffolds were customized with catechol groups to ensure straightforward functionalization of the implant surface, and linkers of different length to assess the effect of peptide accessibility on the biological response. The peptidic platforms significantly improved the adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells and showed antimicrobial effects against Staphylococcus aureus. Of note is that peptides bearing spacers that were too long displayed the lowest efficiency. Subsequently, we designed a platform replacing linear RGD by cyclic RGD; this further enhanced eukaryotic cell adhesion while retaining excellent antimicrobial properties, thus being a suitable candidate for tissue engineering applications.
Right atrial mass‐multimodality imaging—Massive lipomatous hypertrophy of the atrial septum
Authors: Kotaru Veera Pavan K. , Martin David , Tokala Hemasri , Kalavakunta Jagadeesh K. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAsymptomatic cardiac masses are often diagnosed incidentally. Massive lipomatous hypertrophy can be confused for other cardiac masses and need careful evaluation including multimodality imaging to manage appropriately.
Microwave‐heated γ‐Alumina Applied to the Reduction of Aldehydes to Alcohols
Authors: Dhokale Bhausaheb , Susarrey‐Arce Arturo , Pekkari Anna , Runemark August , Moth‐Poulsen Kasper , Langhammer Christoph , Härelind Hanna , Busch Michael , Vandichel Matthias , Sundén Henrik 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe development of cheap and robust heterogeneous catalysts for the Meerwein‐Ponndorf‐Verley (MPV) reduction is desirable due to the difficulties in product isolation and catalyst recovery associated with the traditional use of homogeneous catalysts for MPV. Herein, we show that microwave heated γ‐Al2O3 can be used for the reduction of aldehydes to alcohols. The reaction is efficient and has a broad substrates scope (19 entries). The products can be isolated by simple filtration, and the catalyst can be regenerated. With the use of microwave heating, we can direct the heating to the catalyst rather than to the whole reaction medium. Furthermore, DFT was used to study the reaction mechanism, and we can conclude that a dual‐site mechanism is operative where the aldehyde and 2‐propoxide are situated on two adjacent Al sites during the reduction. Additionally, volcano plots were used to rationalize the reactivity of Al2O3 in comparison to other metal oxides.
Analysis of the Electrochemical Response of Surface‐confined Bidirectional Molecular Electrocatalysts in the Presence of Intermolecular Interactions
Authors: González Joaquín , Sequí José‐Alfonso 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA theoretical model for the response of bidirectional surface confined molecular electrocatalysts in the presence of intermolecular interactions is presented. Particular cases corresponding to Nernstian and fully irreversible redox behaviour are discussed, with the main features of the stationary current‐potential response being analysed in detail. This analysis has revealed important nuances in the understanding of the overall process relative to the limits of validity of some frequent assumptions, as for example, a Nernstian behaviour of the charge transfer step and therefore of the complete catalytic mechanism. The presence of interactions leads to a distortion of the current‐potential responses for which, in the case of repulsive interactions, higher overpotential values are required for a given conversion rate. In the case of non‐Nernstian charge transfer processes, high catalytic rates give rise to an increase of the overall irreversibility of the catalytic currents. The experimental verification of the model corresponding to the response of binary 11‐(ferrocenyl)undecanethiol/decanethiol in presence of ferro/ferricyanide is presented and discussed. The impact of the experimental conditions on the apparent values of the formal potential and redox rate constants of the molecular electrocatalyst is also analysed.
Highly Efficient CO2 to CO Transformation over Cu‐Based Catalyst Derived from a CuMgAl‐Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH)
Authors: Chen Yi , Hong Hengfeng , Cai Jingyu , Li Zhaohui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSupported Cu‐based catalysts are promising catalysts for RWGS reactions. Herein, CuMgAl‐LDHs (LDHs: Layered double hydroxides) were used as the precursors to obtain supported Cu with good dispersion and high stability. The reduction of CuMgAl‐LDH at 400 °C led to the formation of 0.3CuMgAl‐LDH‐400, with Cu nanoparticles well dispersed on MgO/Al2O3, which exhibited superior activity and high stability for RWGS. 33.5 % of CO2 was converted, with selectivity of almost 100 % to CO at 350 °C under a high space velocity, among the highest for RWGS ever reported for Cu‐based catalysts, especially at a low reaction temperature. In‐situ DRIFTS and CO2‐TPD revealed that its superior performance is attributed to high Cu dispersion which is beneficial for the dissociation of H2, as well as the presence of variety of basic sites for adsorption towards CO2 to facilitate the formation of formates. This study demonstrates the great opportunity of LDHs in the preparations of supported metal‐based catalysts.
First Tribo‐Excited Chemical Reaction of a Stacked Lanthanide Coordination Polymer with an in Situ Reaction Monitor
Authors: Kitagawa Yuichi , Naito Ayu , Fushimi Koji , Hasegawa Yasuchika 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA tribo‐excited chemical reaction using a stacked lanthanide coordination polymer is demonstrated for the first time. The polymer is composed of a EuIII ion, hexafluoroacetylacetonato ligands, and an anthracene‐based phosphine oxide bridge. The tightly stacked structure with hydrogen bonding was characterized by X‐ray crystal structure analysis. The mechanical stimulus leads to tribo‐excited oxidation in the EuIII coordination polymer. Electron ionization mass spectroscopy and photo‐spectroscopic analysis reveal that the chemical product afforded by tribo‐oxidation is different from that obtained by photo‐oxidation.
Photoactivatable Fluorophore for Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) Microscopy and Bioconjugation Technique for Hydrophobic Labels
Authors: Weber Michael , Khan Taukeer A. , Patalag Lukas J. , Bossi Mariano , Leutenegger Marcel , Belov Vladimir N. , Hell Stefan W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe use of photoactivatable dyes in STED microscopy has so far been limited by two‐photon activation through the STED beam and by the fact that photoactivatable dyes are poorly solvable in water. Herein, we report ONB‐2SiR, a fluorophore that can be both photoactivated in the UV and specifically de‐excited by STED at 775 nm. Likewise, we introduce a conjugation and purification protocol to effectively label primary and secondary antibodies with moderately water‐soluble dyes. Greatly reducing dye aggregation, our technique provides a defined and tunable degree of labeling, and improves the imaging performance of dye conjugates in general.
Inequitable access to surveillance colonoscopy among Medicare beneficiaries with surgically resected colorectal cancer
Authors: Sanchez Janeth I. , Shankaran Veena , Unger Joseph M. , Madeleine Margaret M. , Selukar Subodh R. , Thompson Beti 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundAfter colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery, surveillance with colonoscopy is an important step for the early detection of local recurrence. Unfortunately, surveillance colonoscopy is underused, especially among racial/ethnic minorities. This study assesses the association between patient and neighborhood factors and receipt of surveillance colonoscopy.MethodsThis retrospective, population‐based cohort study used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results–Medicare linked data (2009‐2014). Beneficiaries with surgically resected stage II or III CRC between the ages of 66 and 85 years were identified, and multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the effect of factors on receipt of colonoscopy.ResultsOverall, 57.5% of the patients received initial surveillance colonoscopy. After adjustments for all factors, Blacks and Hispanics had lower odds of receiving colonoscopy than non‐Hispanic Whites (NHWs; 29.6% for Blacks; P = .002; 12.9% for Hispanics; P > .05). NHWs with Medicaid coverage had 35% lower odds of surveillance colonoscopy than NHWs without Medicaid coverage. Minority patients with Medicaid were more likely to receive colonoscopy than their racial/ethnic counterparts without Medicaid coverage (P > .05). Hispanics residing in neighborhoods with incomes of ≥$90,000 had significantly lower odds of surveillance colonoscopy than Hispanics residing in neighborhoods with incomes of $0 to $30,000.ConclusionsReceipt of initial surveillance colonoscopy remains low, and there are acute disparities between Black and NHW patients. The association between factors that assess a patient's ability to access colonoscopy and actual receipt of colonoscopy suggests inequitable access to surveillance colonoscopy within and across racial/ethnic groups.
Tragacanth Gum as Green Binder for Sustainable Water‐Processable Electrochemical Capacitor
Authors: Scalia Alberto , Zaccagnini Pietro , Armandi Marco , Latini Giulio , Versaci Daniele , Lanzio Vittorino , Varzi Alberto , Passerini Stefano , Lamberti Andrea 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEnabling green fabrication processes for energy storage devices is becoming a key aspect in order to achieve a sustainable fabrication cycle. Here, the focus was on the exploitation of the tragacanth gum, an exudated gum like arabic and karaya gums, as green binder for the preparation of carbon‐based materials for electrochemical capacitors. The electrochemical performance of tragacanth (TRGC)‐based electrodes was thoroughly investigated and compared with another water‐soluble binder largely used in this field, sodium‐carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Apart from the higher sustainability both in production and processing, TRGC exhibited a lower impact on the obstruction of pores in the final active material film with respect to CMC, allowing for more available surface area. This directly impacted the electrochemical performance, resulting in a higher specific capacitance and better rate capability. Moreover, the TRGC‐based supercapacitor showed a superior thermal stability compared with CMC, with a capacity retention of about 80 % after 10000 cycles at 70 °C.
The open versus blind weight conundrum: Amultisiterandomized controlled trial across multiple levels of patient care for anorexia nervosa
Authors: Murray Stuart B. , Levinson Cheri A. , Farrell Nicholas R. , Nagata Jason M. , Compte Emilio J. , Le Grange Daniel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a disorder characterized by a profound fear of weight gain, resulting in significant weight loss, as well as behavioral symptoms that interfere with weight normalization. In concert, weight gain remains a proximal goal of treatment, and patient weighing is a critical component of treatment. However, divergent approaches exist in how patient weighing is undertaken in clinical practice. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of a brief course of open weighing (sharing weight data with patients) versus blind weighing (not sharing weight data with patients) on distress around being weighed and AN symptom severity.Method216 patients with AN and atypical AN will be randomized to receive 4 weeks of open or blind weighing practices across residential, intensive outpatient, and outpatient treatment settings, within the context of manualized empirically supported treatment. Following 4 weeks of open or blind weighing, all patients will be enrolled into open weighing practices. Primary outcomes of interest will be patient‐reported distress around being weighed at week 5 and eating disorder symptom severity at week 5. Secondary outcomes will assess weight prediction error, intolerance of uncertainty, and the fear of food.DiscussionNo best practice guidelines exist in determining optimal practices around weighing patients with AN. This multisite randomized controlled trial will provide the first known data on the impact of open versus blind weighing practices upon weight‐related distress and AN symptom severity.
Alkali metal modified iron‐nickel oxygen carrier to produce hydrogen‐rich synthesis gas by chemical looping gasification with pine sawdust
Authors: Wang Pengcheng , Pu Ge , Liu Qiwen , Xiong Weicheng 
Published: October 2020

SummaryIn the research of biomass chemical looping gasification technology, the production of hydrogen‐rich synthesis gas has received increasing attention. In this paper, iron‐nickel oxygen carriers were prepared by the mechanical and impregnation method. Chemical looping gasification experiments were performed with pine sawdust in a self‐built fixed‐bed reactor to prepare hydrogen‐rich synthesis gas. Experimental results showed that for the iron‐nickel oxygen carrier with a loading ratio of 3% NiO under reaction conditions of 800°C, ratio of steam content to biomass (S/B) of 1.25, and ratio of lattice oxygen to biomass (O/B) of 0.2, the volume fraction of hydrogen in the synthesized gas reached 43.06%; correspondingly, the carbon conversion rate was 78.22%, the low calorific value of syngas was 7.49 MJ/Nm3, and the gas production rate was 1.25 Nm3/kg. After modification of the iron‐nickel oxygen carrier with a mass ratio of 5% K2CO3, the volume fraction of hydrogen in the prepared synthesis gas increased to 47.83%, the corresponding carbon conversion rate was 85.44%, and the low‐level calorific value was 7.95 MJ/Nm3. The gas production rate was 1.49 Nm3/kg.
Resource allocation in sparse code multiple access‐based systems for cloud‐radio access network in 5G networks
Authors: Farhadi Zavleh Armin , Bakhshi Hamidreza 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this paper, downlink joint user association, codebook assignment and power allocation for a Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA)‐based in Cloud Radio Access Network (C‐RAN) are investigated. The main aim of this paper is to accomplish a resource allocation to achieve the maximum total sum rate subject to SCMA limitation, total available power in Radio Remote Head (RRH), fronthaul constraint, users association, user power constraint, and Quality of Service requirements for each user with low complexity. To solve the recommended problem an iterative algorithm considering Successive Convex Approximation is utilized. The main problem is separated into two subproblems of joint user association and codebook assignment and power allocation. By defining a new binary variable for user association and codebook assignment and a new constraint for the user association, the joint user association and codebook assignment subproblem becomes an Integer Linear Programming. Then user association and codebook assignment subproblem solved with the help of the CVX toolbox and MOSEK solver. Furthermore, to solve the power allocation subproblem, Successive Convex Approximation with Low Complexity is applied. Then the power allocation subproblem solved by subgradient method for the Lagrange dual problem. In the simulation results, the effectiveness of the recommended optimization algorithm and resource allocation method are shown and compared to Non‐Orthogonal Multiple Access and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access.
The orphan nuclear receptor NR0B2 could be a novel susceptibility locus associated with microsatellite‐stable, APC mutation‐negative early‐onset colorectal carcinomas with metabolic manifestation
Authors: Lam Kuen Kuen , Sethi Raman , Tan Grace , Tomar Swati , Lo Michelle , Loi Carol , Tang Choong Leong , Tan Emile , Lai Poh San , Cheah Peh Yean 
Published: October 2020

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is a high incidence cancer and major cause of cancer mortality. Though disease‐causing tumor suppressors for major syndromes are well characterized, about 10% of CRC is familial but without mutations in known tumor suppressors. We exhaustively screened 100 polyposis families for APC germline mutations and identified 13, which are APC mutation‐negative, microsatellite‐stable (MSS), and with undetectable mutation in known tumor suppressors. Whole exome sequencing in three probands uncovered two with germline frameshift NR0B2 mutations, c.293_301delTTGGGTTGGinsAC and c.227delT. Sanger Sequencing identified a third proband with NR0B2 c.157_166delCATCGCACCT frameshift mutation. All three mutations deleted the C‐terminus activation/repression domain of NR0B2, thus are loss‐of‐function mutations. Real‐time RT‐PCR performed on tumor and matched mucosa of one patient revealed that NR0B2 downstream targets, SMAD3 was derepressed while GLI1 was downregulated in the colonic mucosa compared to healthy controls. Truncated NR0B2 molecule was predicted to have weakened binding with interacting partners SMAD3, GLI1, BCL2, and RXRα, implying perturbation of TGF‐β, Hedgehog, anti‐apoptotic and nuclear hormone receptor signaling pathways. Immunostaining also revealed nuclear retention of the most severely truncated NR0B2 molecule compared to the wildtype. Microsatellite and sequencing analysis did not detect loss of wildtype allele in probands' tumors. The patient who acquired somatic KRAS mutation progressed rapidly whist the other two patients manifested with late‐onset obesity and diabetes. We propose that haploinsufficiency of NR0B2 is associated with a novel CRC syndrome with metabolic phenotypes.
Rare variants association testing for a binary outcome when pooling individual level data from heterogeneous studies
Authors: Sofer Tamar , Guo Na 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWhole genome sequencing (WGS) and whole exome sequencing studies are used to test the association of rare genetic variants with health traits. Many existing WGS efforts now aggregate data from heterogeneous groups, for example, combining sets of individuals of European and African ancestries. We here investigate the statistical implications on rare variant association testing with a binary trait when combining together heterogeneous studies, defined as studies with potentially different disease proportion and different frequency of variant carriers. We study and compare in simulations the Type 1 error control and power of the naïve score test, the saddlepoint approximation to the score test, and the BinomiRare test in a range of settings, focusing on low numbers of variant carriers. We show that Type 1 error control and power patterns depend on both the number of carriers of the rare allele and on disease prevalence in each of the studies. We develop recommendations for association analysis of rare genetic variants. (1) The Score test is preferred when the case proportion in the sample is 50%. (2) Do not down‐sample controls to balance case–control ratio, because it reduces power. Rather, use a test that controls the Type 1 error. (3) Conduct stratified analysis in parallel with combined analysis. Aggregated testing may have lower power when the variant effect size differs between strata.
Quality adjusted life years based on health and consumption: A summary wellbeing measure for cross‐sectoral economic evaluation
Authors: Cookson Richard , Skarda Ieva , Cotton‐Barratt Owen , Adler Matthew , Asaria Miqdad , Ord Toby 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe introduce a summary wellbeing measure for economic evaluation of cross‐sectoral public policies with impacts on health and living standards. We show how to calculate period‐specific and lifetime wellbeing using quality‐adjusted life years based on widely available data on health‐related quality of life and consumption and normative assumptions about three parameters—minimal consumption, standard consumption, and the elasticity of the marginal value of consumption. We also illustrate how these three parameters can be tailored to the decision‐making context and varied in sensitivity analysis to provide information about the implications of alternative value judgments. As well as providing a general measure for cost‐effectiveness analysis and cost‐benefit analysis in terms of wellbeing, this approach also facilitates distributional analysis in terms of how many good years different population subgroups can expect to live under different policy scenarios.
How does affect relate to job search effort and success? It depends on pleasantness, activation, and core self‐evaluations
Authors: da Motta Veiga Serge P. , Sun Shuhua , Turban Daniel B. , Foo Maw‐Der 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAlthough research indicates that affect is related to job search self‐regulation, evidence is mixed. Such mixed results may be because most prior studies examined either the information—pleasantness—function of affect, or the motivation—activation—function of affect, although affect is theorized to serve both functions. Based on the circumplex model of affect, we examine four types of affect based on pleasantness and activation, namely activated and deactivated positive and negative affect. We propose that these four types of affect have different effects on job search processes—effort—and in turn outcomes—number of interviews and job offers. Furthermore, we draw on Hoyle's conditional influence approach (2006, 2010) to propose that how job seekers react to affect depends on individual differences in self‐regulation abilities as indicated by core self‐evaluations (CSEs). In an 8‐week repeated‐measure study, we found that both activated positive and activated negative affect related positively to job search processes and outcomes. These relationships were negative for deactivated positive affect, and nonsignificant for deactivated negative affect. CSE moderated the positive relationships of activated positive and activated negative affect with job search processes and outcomes, such that these relationships were positive only for job seekers high in CSE.
Nanoscale heat transfer investigation of an array of impinging jet systems with different working fluids under crossflow with and without pin fins
Authors: Allauddin Usman , Mohiuddin Rafay , Khan Hafiz Mohammad Usman , Uddin Naseem , Khan Waqar A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the current numerical study, the thermal and flow field performance of an array of confined multiple jets with air, water, and water‐Al2O3 nanofluid in the maximum crossflow configuration over the target plate with and without pin fins is investigated. The numerical results are validated with the experimental data; it is found that a reasonable prediction related to heat transfer can be made. For this study, steady‐state Reynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes simulations with the shear‐stress transport turbulence model in ANSYS Fluent were performed. The simulations are performed with volumetric concentration to 3% and the jet's Reynolds number Re = 15 000 to 35 000. In all cases, the jet outlet‐to‐target plate distance is 3. It is found that the increase in values of the volumetric concentration of nanoparticles results in a decrease of the Nusselt number and an increase of the convective heat transfer coefficient. This is because there is an increase in thermal conductivity of the working fluid with the increase in the volumetric concentration of nanoparticles for the same Reynolds number. About 81.5% and 89.1% enhancement in the average heat transfer flux values is observed for flat and pin fin‐roughened target plates, respectively, for .