bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bewertung von Küchen‐Dunstabzugssystemen in energieeffizienten Gebäuden
Authors: Kah Oliver , Bräunlich Kristin , Hartmann Thomas , Knaus Christine , Broege Martina , Bruns Alfred 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTechnische Entwicklungen im Gebäudebereich werden in jüngerer Vergangenheit maßgeblich durch höhere Komfortansprüche und Anforderungen an die Energieeffizienz bestimmt. Im Rahmen des vorgestellten Forschungsvorhabens wurde für Dunstabzugssysteme der energetische Einfluss in Wohngebäuden, die Wirksamkeit der Systeme in Bezug auf die Reduzierung von Küchendünsten sowie die Wechselwirkung mit dem Gebäude und anderen technischen Systemen untersucht.Eine gute Erfassung der Küchendünste ist mitentscheidend für eine wirksame Reduzierung der Raumluftbelastung. Es konnte ein neues Verfahren zur qualitativen Bewertung der Wrasenerfassung erprobt werden. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf erhebliche Unterschiede zwischen den untersuchten Dunstabzugssystemen hin. Ferner zeigten Labormessungen, dass Umluft‐Dunstabzugssysteme mit Geruchsfilter deutlich bzgl. Geruchsreduzierung differieren.Abluft‐Dunstabzugssysteme erzeugen einen Unterdruck in der Wohneinheit. Aufgrund der hohen Luftdichtheit von energieeffizienten Gebäuden können sich im Abluftbetrieb sicherheitsrelevante Unterdrücke in Wohnungen einstellen. Abhängig vom zulässigen Unterdruck werden geeignete Lösungen vorgestellt. Ferner verursachen Abluft‐Dunstabzugssysteme zusätzliche Wärmeverluste, die bisher z. B. in Energiebilanzverfahren nicht berücksichtigt werden. Modellrechnungen zeigen, dass der zusätzliche Wärmeverlust bei energieeffizienten Gebäuden eine relevante Größenordnung erreichen kann.
Engineering of Sn and Pre‐Lithiated Sn as Negative Electrode Materials Coupled to Garnet Ta‐LLZO Solid Electrolyte for All‐Solid‐State Li Batteries
Authors: Ferraresi Giulio , Uhlenbruck Sven , Tsai Chih‐Long , Novák Petr , Villevieille Claire 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries using garnet‐type solid electrolyte are considered as a promising solution for the next generation energy storage systems but to date they still suffer from low ionic conductivity compared to organic liquid electrolytes and poor interfacial contact between the electroactive materials and the electrolyte. Here we propose several proof‐of‐concept level strategies to enhance the interfacial contact between the electroactive material Sn and the solid electrolyte Ta‐LLZO doped (hereafter called LLZTa) to enable proper electrochemical cycling. First, we demonstrate that the conventional slurry‐based technique is not appropriate to ensure cycling of a Sn based electrode in all‐solid‐state batteries due to poor interfacial contact. Then, we demonstrate (proof‐of‐concept) that thin films deposition is a more suitable approach to ensure electrochemical activity but the large volume changes of Sn during alloying process is leading to a rapid cell failure. This last challenge was overcome by the use of a chemically pre‐lithiated Sn thin film which then delivers, after an activation process, specific charge close to the theoretical one (900 mAh/g) at C/30 rate and T=80 °C.
Nonmonetary and nonreciprocal freecycling: Motivations for participating in online alternative giving communities
Authors: Liu Fan , Johnson Zachary , Massiah Carolyn , Lowrey Tina M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis research examines consumers' participation in a nonmonetary, nonreciprocal form of online consumer exchange wherein consumers may decide to give only, receive only, or both give and receive. Given the lack of financial incentives or relational norms that would traditionally drive participation in this societally beneficial consumption activity for which we advance the term alternative giving, this research examines consumers' participation motivations. Are consumers, as prior research suggests, motivated to participate in alternative giving activities on the basis of prosocial motives or for other reasons? Through a content analysis of the online Freecycle Network, we found that participation is driven primarily by fundamental consumer needs and wants, though other prosocial, less materialistic factors are also drivers. Our findings also identify an inconsistency in product categories between what givers offer and what receivers seek, suggesting that supply–demand imbalances can emerge within alternative giving communities.
Modeling the Electrical Conductive Paths within All‐Solid‐State Battery Electrodes
Authors: Sangrós Giménez Clara , Helmers Laura , Schilde Carsten , Diener Alexander , Kwade Arno 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAll‐solid‐state batteries constitute a very promising energy storage device. Two very important properties of these battery cells are the ionic and the electrical conductivity, which describe the ion and the electron transport through the electrodes, respectively. In this work, a numerical method is presented to model the electrical conductivity, considering the outcome of discrete‐element method simulations and the intrinsic conductivities of both the active material particles and the conductive additive particles. The results are calibrated and validated with the help of experimental data of real manufactured electrodes. The tortuosity, which strongly influences the ionic conductivity, is also presented for the analyzed electrodes, taking their microstructure into account.
Gas–Solid Heterogeneous Postsynthetic Modification of Imine‐Based Covalent Organic Frameworks
Authors: Martín‐Illán Jesús A. , Royuela Sergio , Mar Ramos M. , Segura José L. , Zamora Félix 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click reaction is among the most extensively used strategies for the post‐polymerization modification of COFs. This work shows a new procedure for the postsynthetic functionalization of imine‐based COFs by using a heterogeneous solid–gas reaction between alkyne‐functionalized COFs and azides in the absence of a copper catalyst. This new alternative represents a step forward towards a greener postsynthetic modification of COFs opening a high potential for the development of new applications.
One Way Traffic: Base‐to‐Backbone Hole Transfer in Nucleoside Phosphorodithioate
Authors: Kaczmarek Renata , Ward Samuel , Debnath Dipra , Jacobs Taisiya , Stark Alexander D. , Korczyński Dariusz , Kumar Anil , Sevilla Michael D. , Denisov Sergey A. , Shcherbakov Viacheslav , Pernot Pascal , Mostafavi Mehran , Dembinski Roman , Adhikary Amitava 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe directionality of the hole‐transfer processes between DNA backbone and base was investigated by using phosphorodithioate [P(S−)=S] components. ESR spectroscopy in homogeneous frozen aqueous solutions and pulse radiolysis in aqueous solution at ambient temperature confirmed initial formation of G.+‐P(S−)=S. The ionization potential of G‐P(S−)=S was calculated to be slightly lower than that of guanine in 5′‐dGMP. Subsequent thermally activated hole transfer from G.+ to P(S−)=S led to dithiyl radical (P‐2S.) formation on the μs timescale. In parallel, ESR spectroscopy, pulse radiolysis, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed P‐2S. formation in an abasic phosphorodithioate model compound. ESR investigations at low temperatures and higher G‐P(S−)=S concentrations showed a bimolecular conversion of P‐2S. to the σ2‐σ*1‐bonded dimer anion radical [‐P‐2S
2S‐P‐]− [ΔG (150 K, DFT)=−7.2 kcal mol−1]. However, [‐P‐2S
2S‐P‐]− formation was not observed by pulse radiolysis [ΔG° (298 K, DFT)=−1.4 kcal mol−1]. Neither P‐2S. nor [‐P‐2S
2S‐P‐]− oxidized guanine base; only base‐to‐backbone hole transfer occurs in phosphorodithioate.
Surface Design for Immobilization of an Antimicrobial Peptide Mimic for Efficient Anti‐Biofouling
Authors: Hasan Abshar , Lee Kyueui , Tewari Kunal , Pandey Lalit M. , Messersmith Phillip B. , Faulds Karen , Maclean Michelle , Lau King Hang Aaron 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMicrobial surface attachment negatively impacts a wide range of devices from water purification membranes to biomedical implants. Mimics of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) constituted from poly(N‐substituted glycine) „peptoids“ are of great interest as they resist proteolysis and can inhibit a wide spectrum of microbes. We investigate how terminal modification of a peptoid AMP‐mimic and its surface immobilization affect antimicrobial activity. We also demonstrate a convenient surface modification strategy for enabling alkyne–azide „click“ coupling on amino‐functionalized surfaces. Our results verified that the N‐ and C‐terminal peptoid structures are not required for antimicrobial activity. Moreover, our peptoid immobilization density and choice of PEG tether resulted in a „volumetric“ spatial separation between AMPs that, compared to past studies, enabled the highest AMP surface activity relative to bacterial attachment. Our analysis suggests the importance of spatial flexibility for membrane activity and that AMP separation may be a controlling parameter for optimizing surface anti‐biofouling.
Does natural environment prefer the right to the left? Governors' partisanship and corporate environmental performance
Authors: Yu Byungjun , Zeng Saixing , Meng Xiaohua , Ma Hanyang , Sun Daxin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the relationship between governors' partisanship and the corporate environmental performance of firms in South Korea. According to political ideology perspective, governors' partisanship closely influences the policy directions and preferences of the provincial administration. Conservative (red) governors tend to induce and encourage competition among firms by deregulating and offering policy benefits to businesses at the provincial level. In response to increased competition in provinces governed by red governors, firms commit to aggressive environmental initiatives as a strategic differentiation tool, in contrast to their behavior in provinces controlled by liberal (blue) governors. Moreover, we examine a contingent role of the provincial Congress. According to the principle of checks and balances, the positive impact of red governors on a firm's environmental performance is stronger when the provincial Congress is controlled by the liberal (blue) party, with its checks and balances on the red governors. This study extends an institutional theory by exploring institutional setting mechanisms at the provincial level.
Stable resource polymorphism along the benthic littoral–pelagic axis in an invasive crayfish
Authors: Lang Iris , Evangelista Charlotte , Everts Rebecca Marie , Loot Géraldine , Cucherousset Julien 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAlthough intraspecific variability is now widely recognized as affecting evolutionary and ecological processes, our knowledge on the importance of intraspecific variability within invasive species is still limited. This is despite the fact that understanding the linkage between within‐population morphological divergences and the use of different trophic or spatial resources (i.e., resource polymorphism) can help to better predict their ecological impacts on recipient ecosystems. Here, we quantified the extent of resource polymorphism within populations of a worldwide invasive crayfish species, Procambarus clarkii, in 16 lake populations by comparing their trophic (estimated using stable isotope analyses) and morphological characteristics between individuals from the littoral and pelagic habitats. Our results first demonstrated that crayfish occured in both littoral and pelagic habitats of seven lakes and that the use of pelagic habitat was associated with increased abundance of littoral crayfish. We then found morphological (i.e., body and chelae shapes) and trophic divergence (i.e., reliance on littoral carbon) among individuals from littoral and pelagic habitats, highlighting the existence of resource polymorphism in invasive populations. There was no genetic differentiation between individuals from the two habitats, implying that this resource polymorphism was stable (i.e., high gene flow between individuals). Finally, we demonstrated that a divergent adaptive process was responsible for the morphological divergence in body and chela shapes between habitats while difference in littoral reliance neutrally evolved under genetic drift. These findings demonstrated that invasive P. clarkii can display strong within‐population phenotypic variability in recent populations, and this could lead to contrasting ecological impacts between littoral and pelagic individuals.
From nonequilibrium initial conditions to steady dryland vegetation patterns: How trajectories matter
Authors: Caviedes‐Voullième Daniel , Hinz Christoph 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe multiscale nature of ecohydrological processes and feedbacks implies that vegetation patterns arising in water‐limited systems are directly linked to water redistribution processes occurring at much shorter timescales than vegetation growth. This in turn suggests that the initially available water in the system can play a role in determining the trajectory of the system, together with the well‐known role of the rainfall gradient. This work explores the role of initial hydrological conditions on vegetation dynamics and vegetation patterns. To do so, the HilleRisLambers–Rietkerk model was solved with different rainfall amounts and a large range of initial hydrological conditions spanning from near‐equilibrium to far‐from‐equilibrium conditions. The resulting vegetation patterns and ecohydrological signatures were quantitatively studied. The results show that not only do initial hydrological conditions play a role in the ecohydrological dynamics but also they can play a dominating one even resulting in divergent vegetation patterns that exhibit convergent mean‐field properties, including a new set of hybrid patterns. Our results highlight the relevance of assessing both global ecological and hydrological signatures and quantitatively assessing patterns to describe and understand system dynamics and in particular to determine if the systems are transient or steady. Furthermore, our analysis shows that the trajectories the system follows during its transient stages cannot be neglected to understand complex dependencies of the long‐term steady state to environmental factors and drivers.
Investigating the vibration properties of integrated ceiling systems considering interactions with surrounding equipment
Authors: Qi Liangjie , Kunitomo Keiichiro , Kurata Masahiro , Ikeda Yoshiki 
Published: February 2020

SummaryStudies on recent earthquakes highlighted that buildings with minimal structural damage still suffer from extensive damage and failure of nonstructural components. The dropping and damage of suspended ceiling systems, which typically consist of acceleration‐sensitive nonstructural elements, resulted in lengthy functional disruptions and extended recovery time. This article experimentally and analytically examined the vibration properties of an integrated ceiling system considering the interactions with surrounding electrical equipment. The theoretical stiffness and corresponding frequency of electrical equipment were initially derived and then verified by subsequent vibration tests and numerical analyses. The seismic performance of the air conditioner (AC) was evaluated with different installment configurations based on design spectra and floor response spectra. Vibration tests of the suspended integrated ceiling system considering the interactions with surrounding equipment showed that the inclusion of peripheral constraints increased the first horizontal vibration frequency of the ceiling system by a factor of approximately 6. The natural frequencies of all components in the integrated ceiling system were almost identical, which was attributed to the coupled behavior between the ceiling panels and surrounding equipment, emphasizing the effect of interactions between adjacent components during dynamic analysis. Based on the above experimental investigation, an associated numerical model of the integrated ceiling system was created. Finally, corresponding parametric studies that included the interactions with surrounding equipment, reinforcing braces of ACs and strengthening members at the rise‐up location between two elevations were performed.
BTDS: Bayesian‐based trust decision scheme for intelligent connected vehicles in VANETs
Authors: Fang Weidong , Zhang Wuxiong , Liu Yang , Yang Weiming , Gao Zhiwei 
Published: February 2020

SummaryIntelligent connected vehicles (ICVs) are becoming the mainstream of the global automotive industry in the future, and its information security issues gradually emerge. The heterogeneity of Vehicle Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) and the mobility of terminal nodes make the defense against the security attacks very complex, especially the internal attacks. In this article, toward defense against the internal attacks for ICVs in VANETs, we first propose a Gaussian‐distribution‐based and third‐party‐recommendation trust management model, which is called GTTMM, to solve the issue that the trust value increases too fast under continuous cooperation. And Bayesian‐based trust decision scheme extending from GTTMM is named as BDTS, which incorporates the Bayesian Network, for defending against a variant of On‐Off attack, called high trust value On‐Off attack (HTV‐On‐Off attack). With the simulation study, it is demonstrated that, compared with reputation‐based framework for high integrity sensor networks (RFSN), a traditional trust management model under the Beta distribution, GTTMM can better satisfy the principle of trust value, that is, “hard to get, easy to lose”, while BDTS can defend against the HTV‐On‐Off attack effectively.
Callable bull/bear contracts, call auction sessions, and price manipulations: Evidence from Hong Kong
Authors: Lei Adrian C. H. , Ma Xiaorong , Yick Martin H. Y. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCall auction sessions are widely adopted to improve the price discovery process. The suspension of the closing call auction session (CAS) of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (HKEx) in 2009 and the reintroduction of an enhanced CAS in 2016 provide us a unique experimental environment to assess the effectiveness of the two different CAS models in reducing market manipulation. In examining the probability of mandatory call events (MCEs) of callable bull/bear contracts (CBBCs), we find the enhanced CAS model being more effective in price manipulation reduction. We also find the enhanced CAS reducing price manipulation in the preopening auction session.
Reconsidering interactive resilience processes in mental health: Implications for child and youth services
Authors: Liebenberg Linda 
Published: February 2020

AbstractResearch consistently demonstrates resilience as an interactive process, drawing on personal assets together with relational and contextual resources, to support improved outcomes in contexts of nonnormative adversity. What remains unclear are the dynamics of this process and what drives it. This article draws on a prior scoping review of the literature to conceptually explore the positioning of the individual within this dynamic interplay of risks, resilience, and sociocultural context as it pertains to child and youth mental health. The paper begins by summarizing findings from this scoping review, highlighting core resilience elements and processes. These are then considered in relational to the global meaning theory, situating meaning‐making as a key mechanism that mediates the interaction between individuals and their ecologies. Drawing on the literature, this article considers how this interaction shapes the particular ways in which resilience then manifests itself in the lives of individuals and becomes available as a resource to assist in the promotion of mental health.
2D and 3D immunogold localization on (epoxy) ultrathin sections with and without osmium tetroxide
Authors: Flechsler Jennifer , Heimerl Thomas , Pickl Carolin , Rachel Reinhard , Stierhof York‐Dieter , Klingl Andreas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFor nearly 50 years immunogold labeling on ultrathin sections has been successfully used for protein localization in laboratories worldwide. In theory and in practice, this method has undergone continual improvement over time. In this study, we carefully analyzed circulating protocols for postembedding labeling to find out if they are still valid under modern laboratory conditions, and in addition, we tested unconventional protocols. For this, we investigated immunolabeling of Epon‐embedded cells, immunolabeling of cells treated with osmium, and the binding behavior of differently sized gold particles. Here we show that (in contrast to widespread belief) immunolabeling of Epon‐embedded cells and of cells treated with osmium tetroxide is actually working. Furthermore, we established a “speed protocol” for immunolabeling by reducing antibody incubation times. Finally, we present our results on three‐dimensional immunogold labeling.
Eliciting intelligence from sources informed about counter‐interrogation strategies: An experimental study on the Scharff technique
Authors: Rantamäki Sara , Antfolk Jan , Granhag Pär Anders , Santtila Pekka , Oleszkiewicz Simon 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe Scharff technique aims to elicit information by affecting the source's perception of the interviewer's existing knowledge. Although the technique has been found to be effective for gathering new information, countermeasures to the technique have not been examined. In a 2 × 2 between‐subjects experiment, we informed half of the 120 sources about the counter‐interrogation strategy of carefully considering the interviewer's prior knowledge and the tactic of providing information perceived as already known to the interviewer. After this, sources were interviewed with the Scharff technique or the Direct approach, widely used in human intelligence‐gathering situations and consisting of open‐ended and direct questions. We found that “informed sources” did not succeed in revealing information already known to the interviewer, where informed sources and uninformed sources revealed known information to a similar degree (1.62 pieces vs. 1.65 pieces). Sources interviewed with the Direct approach (vs. Scharff technique) revealed a larger amount of information previously known to the interviewer (2.18 pieces vs. 1.08 pieces). When interviewed with the Scharff technique, sources informed about the counter‐interrogation strategy attempted to adopt more counter‐interrogation strategies. The present study replicates earlier research on the Scharff technique as a technique effective in affecting the source's perception of the interviewer's prior knowledge. The results of the current study indicate that both the Scharff technique and the Direct approach might be similarly robust against counter‐interrogation strategies, in terms of gathering new information. Future studies should focus on implementing more comprehensive training in counter‐interrogation strategies for the sources.