bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric comorbidities among cancer survivors in South Korea: A nationwide, population-based, longitudinal study
Authors: Heo Jaesung , Noh O Kyu 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: This longitudinal study aimed to analyze the incidence of mental disorders in cancer survivors using claims data in South Korea. Methods: We confirmed the presence of mental disorders in a nationwide cohort of 555,776 patients diagnosed with stomach, breast, colorectal, or prostate cancer between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2016. We analyzed the incidence of mental disorders based on age and time of diagnosis. Results: Analysis of the data revealed 36,526 (6.5%) cancer survivors were diagnosed with a mental disorder 1 year prior to cancer diagnosis. Of these patients with mental disorders, 16,035 were diagnosed with anxiety (43.9%), 13,848 with depression (37.9%), 3,998 with stress reaction/adjustment disorders (10.9%), and 2,645 (7.2%) with substance abuse during their first visit. The incidence of depression was relatively high in the breast-cancer group and that of anxiety was high in the prostate-cancer group. The incidence of anxiety was high in females and that of substance abuse was high in males. Further, the incidence of depression was relatively high in the young age group and that of anxiety was high in the elderly group. The overall frequency of mental disorders peaked 2 months after cancer diagnosis. The highest rate of increase after diagnosis was noted among those with stress reaction/adjustment disorders. Conclusion: Mental disorders in cancer survivors showed different patterns of incidence depending on the nature of the disease, sex, age, and primary cancer. Considering individual factors, timely diagnosis and intervention for psychological distress may increase these patients’ quality of life.
Depression, resilience and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in asylum-seeker war refugees
Authors: Malliarou Maria , Tsapakidi Dimitra , Gouva Mairi , Kotrotsiou Evaggelia , Nikolentzos Athanasios , Sarafis Pavlos 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The number of refugees and displaced people who have been forced to migrate due to war, mass violence and political instability has reached unprecedented levels. The objective of this study was to assess the degree of depression, resilience and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in asylum-seeker war refugees, temporally stationed in Larisa, Central Greece, through self-administered questionnaire. Simple regression, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and one-way Anova was used.Methods A cross-sectional study carried out with asylum-seeker war refugees residing in Larisa at a number of apartments rented and ran by the UNHCR and the municipality of Larisa. For the data collection PHQ-9 questionnaire, CD-RISC questionnaire and Harvard Trauma questionnaire (HTQ) were used. Descriptive statistics were applied, as well as Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.Results A total of 64 immigrants (40 males and 23 females, 1-mssing value) agreed to participate in the research. The mean age was 35.72 (SD 7.45), 35 respondents were classified as increased PTSD (scores > 2.5). The results showed a physically and exhausted sample, with marginal mental strength (Mean = 59.38%), fluctuating between moderate (N% = 28.10%) and severe depression (N% = 28.10%). About one in two participants (N% = 54.70%) showed signs of post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD, reporting traumatic experiences that mainly involved immediate events of violence, i.e. beating, while there were very few cases of sexual abuse or violence. A key factor in the formulation of PTSD, depression and Mental Stress Indicators was found to be age but limited to 43 years.Conclusion This study revealed that the refugees of the sample are tired, after being absent and idle for about 2 years from their homeland, in a marginal state of collapse. The most important event-hope that sustains its moderate resilience is the grant of asylum and the hope of arrival in the country of destination.
Remotely monitoring ecosystem respiration from various grasslands along a large-scale east-west transect across northern China
Authors: Tang Xuguang , Zhou Yanlian , Li Hengpeng , Yao Li , Ding Zhi , Ma Mingguo , Yu Pujia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : Grassland ecosystems play an important role in the terrestrial carbon cycles through carbon emission by ecosystem respiration ( R e ) and carbon uptake by plant photosynthesis (GPP). Surprisingly, given R e occupies a large component of annual carbon balance, rather less attention has been paid to developing the estimates of R e compared to GPP. Results : Based on 11 flux sites over the diverse grassland ecosystems in northern China, this study examined the amounts of carbon released by R e as well as the dominant environmental controls across temperate meadow steppe, typical steppe, desert steppe and alpine meadow, respectively. Multi-year mean R e revealed relatively less CO 2 emitted by the desert steppe in comparison with other grassland ecosystems. Meanwhile, C emissions of all grasslands were mainly controlled by the growing period. Correlation analysis revealed that apart from air and soil temperature, soil water content exerted a strong effect on the variability in R e , which implied the great potential to derive R e using relevant remote sensing data. Then, these field-measured R e data were up-scaled to large areas using time-series MODIS information and remote sensing-based piecewise regression models. These semi-empirical models appeared to work well with a small margin of error ( R 2 and RMSE ranged from 0.45 to 0.88 and from 0.21 to 0.69 g C m -2 d -1 , respectively). Conclusions : Generally, the piecewise models from the growth period and dormant season performed better than model developed directly from the entire year. Moreover, the biases between annual mean R e observations and the remotely-derived products were usually within 20%. Finally, the regional R e emissions across northern China's grasslands was approximately 100.66 Tg C in 2010, about 1/3 of carbon fixed from the MODIS GPP product. Specially, the desert steppe exhibited the highest ratio, followed by the temperate meadow steppe, typical steppe and alpine meadow. Therefore, this work provides a novel framework to accurately predict the spatio-temporal patterns of R e over large areas, which can greatly reduce the uncertainties in global carbon estimates and climate projections.
Job Satisfaction and Associated Factors among Health Care Staff in Township Health Centers—— A Cross-Sectional Survey in Rural Central China
Authors: Chen Xuyu , Yao Hui , Ran Li , Wu Wenwen , Zhang Yupeng , Li Mengying , Duan Ruihua , Tan Xiaodong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background:Township health centers play a cornerstone role in the work of primary health care in China while it’s development is largely limited by the brain drain. Job satisfaction is closely related to brain drain, investigating the relevant factors of job satisfaction can provide strategies to reduce brain drain. The aim of this study was to explore job satisfaction and associated factors among health-care staff in township health centers in Huangpi District. Methods: This research was conducted in Huangpi, China. Convenience sampling methods and self-administereded questionnaires were used. 1370 of valid samples were collected with 97.72% effective rate. Descriptive statistics are used to describe sociodemographic information. The Pearson Chi-square statistical was used to test the binary association between job satisfaction and another categorical variable. All the sociodemographic information was applied to the binary logistic regression model using the stepwise selection method. Results: The mean age was 36.98 (SD=9.84), Factors that affect job satisfaction include educational background (χ2= 7.99, p=0.046), monthly income (χ2= 51.43, p<0.001), hire form (χ2=7.64, p=0.049), hours worked per week (χ2=33.48, p<0.01), parent have had a stable job (χ2= 10.67, p<0.01). Conclusions: Government and management should consider the impact of current policies on job satisfaction to reduce staff’s personal job dissatisfaction, Reducing staff workload, increasing salary and overtime benefits, and promoting the fairness of wage distribution are potential strategies to ameliorate low levels of job satisfaction.
Security and efficiency of percutaneous microwave ablation by combining computer tomography- with ultrasound-guided in patients with BCLC-A1-3 hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhao Wenpeng , Guo Jiang , Li Honglu , Cai Liang , Duan Youjia , Hou Xiaopu , Du Hongliu , Shao Xihong , Diao Zhenying , Li Changqing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : To evaluate prospectively security and efficiency of percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) by combining computer tomography (CT)- with ultrasound (US)-guided of in patients with BCLC-A1-3 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC ). Methods : We studied 88 consecutive patients with single HCC who were treated with transcather hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE), patients were divided into 3 groups at random by using draw lots 1 week after TACE, combination group (34 cases) received MWA under the guidance of CT and US, while single group (CT group 30 cases, US group 24 cases) received MWA under the guidance of CT or US alone.1 month,3 months,6months and12 months after the procedure, contrast-enhanced MRI scan were performed in all cases. Study endpoints included treatment time, puncture time, local recurrence rate and adverse events. Results : A total of 88 lesions were radically treated with MWA after TACE. The median diameter of the lesion was 3.1(1.5-4.2) cm. The mean treatment time, puncture time were 38.6 (30-45) min, 36.7 (30-47) min, and 1.2 (1-2), 1.1 (1-2) in the combination group and US group, which were significantly inferior to CT group (45.8 minutes and 4.2); Local recurrence rate was 5.9% in the combination group, which was significantly inferior to US group (16.7%).Grade C complication rates occurred in the combination group was 5.9%, while it was 13.3% and 8.3% in CT group and US group, there was statistically significant between combination group and CT group ( P <0.05). Conclusions : Using CT- and US-guided microwave ablation in patients with BCLC-A1-3 hepatocellular carcinoma appeared to be much better in security and efficiency than that under the guidance of CT or US alone.
Determinants of Diabetic Retinopathy in Southwest Ethiopia: A facility-based case-control study
Authors: Garoma Dugasa , Merga Hailu , Hiko Desta 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Diabetic Retinopathy is one of the serious complications patients’ diabetic patients suffer from. Little is known about which risk factors are associated with this complication. The aim of this study was therefore to identify determinants of Diabetic Retinopathy in Jimma University Medical Center. Methods: A facility-based case-control study was conducted. Cases were Diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy and who were on follow up at the Jimma University Medical Center while controls were Diabetic patients but free of diabetic retinopathy and who were on follow up at the Jimma University Medical Center. Cases and controls were identified and 311 of them were recruited using systematic random sampling. Data were entered into the Epi-Data version 4.1 and analyzed using SPSS Version 20. Binary Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify determinants of diabetic retinopathy. Result: A total of 106 cases and 205 controls diabetic participated in the study. Being ≥60 years of age (AOR=5.04,95%CI: 1.83,13.87),being illiterate (AOR=7.17, 95% CI: 2.61,19.7), poor adherence to medication (AOR =3: 95% CI: 1.29,6.95),having high systolic blood pressure (AOR=3.38:95% CI: 1.26,9.05), having family history of Diabetes Mellitus (AOR=3.95: 95% CI: 1.64,9.54), having other micro vascular complications (AOR=3.76,95% CI: 1.33,10.66), poor glycemic control (AOR=9.08, 95%CI: 3.7,22.29), poor cholesterol control (AOR= 0.21, 95%CI: 0.08,0.51) and being anaemic (AOR= 2.8, 95%CI: 1.05,7.47) were the independent determinants of diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion: This study found that poor adherence to medication, being at the age of 60 years and above, being illiterate patients, having high systolic blood pressure, having a family history of Diabetes Mellitus, having other micro vascular complication, poor glycemic control, poor cholesterol control and being anemic patient were the independent determinants of diabetic retinopathy. Therefore, more attention should be given to older age and illiterate patients. Giving more emphasis for patients poorly adhered to anti-diabetic medications and giving advice for diabetic patients with high systolic blood pressure to follow their blood pressure regularly are also vital. Diabetic patients should also control their Blood sugar and blood cholesterol levels to prevent diabetic retinopathy or reduce its further complications.
Investigation into Erosion induced Highway Structural Failure along Ifon—Benin Highway, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Falowo Olumuyiwa Olusola 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Geotechnical investigation was carried out at two failed segments along Ifon-Benin Highway, with the aim of determining cause, nature, and extent of the road failure. Eight in-situ cone penetration tests was carried out to a depth of about 20 m with a lateral spacing of 20 m. This was complemented by collection of eight soil samples at different depths within the failed segments and analyzed in the laboratory. The laboratory tests conducted were grain size analysis, Atterberg limit test, compaction test, California bearing ratio, undrained unconfined triaxial test. The failure that existed in both locations are around the embankment, shoulder/edge and wearing course of the highway, due to ingression of water into the subgrade since the earth (natural soil) embankment structure had been eroded by rain water. The laboratory geotechnical results revealed that all the parameters could not meet up with the federal ministry of works and housing specification of Nigeria, with plasticity index greater than 20 %, % fines greater than 35 %, CBR values less than 80 % minimum recommended, shear strength parameters; angle of friction and cohesion are less than minimum of 30° and 50 kPa respectively. The CPT revealed predominant sandy silt to clayey silt topsoil and clay substratum with an inferred compressive strength of 20 – 40 KN/m2. At both failed segments, the clayey substratum is seriously affected within the upper 6 m. The ingression of water into these foundation structures was due to compromise of the design/construction engineer, since a bridge was supposed to be erected across these two locations. Hence the stream channels across the highway were blocked by the earth-fill embankment. Therefore during wet season, pool of water that supposed to flow across the road through bridge system, continue to dissolve the embankment, and consequently infiltrate into the subgrade. This makes the highway to settle largely under traffic load. In addition, incessant heavy flooding around the embankment/shoulder of the highway might have induced the failure since a bridge was supposed to have been constructed across the two failed segments. This flooded water might have infiltrated into the pavement structural material leading to looseness, and less-cohesion of the layers which invariably reduces subgrade support and weakens various pavement layers.
A comparative Geological, Tectonic and Geomorphological assessment of the Charlotte, Regent and Madina Landslides, Western Areas, Sierra Leone
Authors: Lahai Yusuf Alhaji , Anderson Kelvin F. E. , Jalloh Yaguba , Rogers Ibrahim , Kamara Mohamed 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This work focused on three landslide events that have attracted significant public concern due to the associated calamities. The slides have been analyzed for their geology, tectonics and geomorphological (GTG) characteristics. In addition, an understanding of the link between GTG characteristics and the landslide events was established.To achieve this, field surveys were conducted, particularly for the Charlotte landslide, where identification of geological structures was perturbed by the obliteration of vegetation and sediment accumulations on relatively planar sections of the landslide area. GIS and remote sensing techniques enhanced mapping and determination of landslide characteristics, and laboratory analyses on rock samples provided the petrological characterization of the landslides.Results indicated change in rock composition (gabbro), variable geomorphological characteristics and the nature/pattern and density of discontinuities; these factors, to a large extent, determined the nature and magnitude of the rainfall-triggered landslides. Charlotte lithology slightly differs from and recorded higher Silica (Si) and Aluminum (Al) and lower iron (Fe) than rocks of Regent and Madina landslides. Study also revealed only tenuous correlation between rock composition and weathering depth. The slope angles for the landslides’ main scarps (depletion zone) are steep (>45 degree) with altitudes ≈270m, 470m and 200m above sea level for Charlotte, Regent and Madina respectively. Additionally, the area and length of the landslides have relatively high variance (CV=1) and the variance of their run-outs as well is high (CV>1). Finally, information derived from this work can be useful to understand the spatial variation in landslide characteristics and the development of a susceptibility map.
Hop tests and psychological PROs provide a demanding and clinician-friendly RTS assessment of patients after ACL reconstruction, a registry study.
Authors: Piussi Ramana , Beischer Susanne , Thomeé Roland , Senorski Eric Hamrin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background There is growing interest in assessing psychological well-being in patients after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. It is unknown whether an assessment of psychological outcome in addition to tests of muscle function can facilitate decisions on return to sport. Therefore, the aim was to evaluate different return to sport (RTS) test batteries, comprising both muscle function and psychological outcomes 1 year after ACL. Method In this cross-sectional cohort study a total of 320 patients (51% men) aged 18-65 years were included 1 year after ACL reconstruction. Different muscle function (MF) test batteries consisting of knee extension and flexion strength tests, 3 hop tests, and 2 psychological patient-reported outcomes (PROs); Quality of Life subscale from the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS QoL) and ACL Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI), 1 year after ACL reconstruction. Results Passing rates in the different test batteries varied from 47% for 2 hop tests to 13% for 5 MF tests + 2 PROs. The use of psychological PROs together with tests of muscle function gave the lowest passing rates. There was a very strong correlation between passing 2 hop tests + 2 PROs and passing 5 MF tests as well as passing 5 MF tests + 2 PROs. Conclusion The use of hop tests together with psychological PROs provides a demanding and clinician-friendly RTS test battery for assessment 1 year after ACL reconstruction.
TREM2 knockout, but not the R47H Alzheimer’s variant, reduces neural phagocytosis and survival of human iPSC-derived macrophages
Authors: Hall-Roberts Hazel , Obst Juliane , Smith Thomas B. , Daniel Elena Di , Mead Emma , James William S. , Davis John B. , Cowley Sally A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: TREM2 is a microglial cell surface receptor, with risk mutations linked to Alzheimer’s disease (AD), including R47H. Binding of ligands to TREM2 triggers Syk-dependent signalling through the DAP12 co-receptor, leading to phagocytosis, survival, and changes to microglial activation state. In biochemical assays, R47H impairs TREM2 binding to phosphatidylserine, a lipid “eat-me” signal exposed by apoptotic neurons. The effect of R47H TREM2 upon phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons by human microglia has not yet been reported. METHODS: We generated human microglia-like iPSC-macrophages (pMac) from isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines with homozygous R47H mutation or TREM2 knockout (KO). To assess microglial phenotypic function in the mutants, we measured: (1) pro-inflammatory cytokine responses by ELISA; (2) survival after growth factor-withdrawal; (3) phagocytosis by novel high-content imaging assays, using two neuron-derived cargoes that expose phosphatidylserine (fixed SH-SY5Ys and synaptosomes). Downstream signalling resulting from TREM2 activation was additionally assessed by assaying Syk phosphorylation and calcium flux. RESULTS: We demonstrated that TREM2 KO strongly diminished both pMac survival and neural phagocytosis, while having little impact on inflammatory cytokine response. R47H TREM2 modified surface expression and shedding of TREM2, but did not impair TREM2-mediated signalling, survival, or phagocytosis. CONCLUSIONS: Under healthy conditions in culture, the R47H mutation is not sufficient to cause defects in phagocytosis or survival of human pMac, unlike more severe T66M or W50C TREM2 loss-of-function mutations. We hypothesise that R47H TREM2 affects other microglia phenotypes yet to be explored, and/or that pathogenic manifestation requires other stressors relating to neurodegenerative disease.
Towards a sustainable working life for registered nurses in a hospital setting: Factors explaining why they remain in work and profession – A salutogenic interview study
Authors: Nunstedt Håkan , Eriksson Monica , Obeid Ayman , Hillström Lisbeth , Truong Anh , Pennbrant Sandra 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background There is extensive research on how nurses experience their working conditions and environment; this research shows high job stress, job dissatisfaction and intention to leave the workplace. The aim was to describe and explore success factors explaining why hospital nurses remain in work and profession. Methods A qualitative, descriptive and explorative study based on a theory-driven (the salutogenic theory by Antonovsky) approach was conducted. Data collection took place from March to June 2018. Individual semi-structured interviews with twelve registered nurses working in a hospital in western Sweden were conducted. The sense of coherence and its three dimensions, comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness, were used as a tool to structure the analyses of the qualitative data. Hence, a deductive (theory-driven) and an inductive (data-driven) approach with qualitative content analysis of manifest and latent content were used. Results The results showed that a sense of meaningfulness, manageability and comprehensibility involved the factors having fun at work, being acknowledged, feeling togetherness in the team, having varying tasks with a manageable workload, good interaction between colleagues and patients, doing good work, feeling committed to and pride in the professional role, and having a balance between work and leisure time. Conclusions One precondition of improving registered nurses’ health and well-being was having clear leadership. Another precondition was having a sense of coherence in relation to both the working group and the organization. Experiencing job satisfaction and being acknowledged for one’s good work were important; acknowledgement was received not only from patients, but also from colleagues, other professionals and the nurse manager. In this way, the nurses felt acknowledged and could create a sense of meaningfulness, manageability and comprehensibility in their work.