bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Features of charge transport in polymer composites polymethylmethacrylate - polyaniline
Authors: Martynyuk G. V. , Aksimentyeva O. I. 
Published: July 2020

The influence of polymer matrix of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) on the specific conductivity, percolation threshold, energy of activation of charge transport in polymer composites PMMA − polyaniline (PAN) was studied.
Concentration dependence of the electrical conductivity of composites reveals percolation behavior with the low value of percolation threshold within 2 % content of polyaniline. It is found that in the polymer composites PMMA - PAN the specific conductivity increases by more than 8−9 orders of magnitude compared to the original matrix.
On the base of temperature dependence of the specific conductivity of the obtained composites, it is concluded that PMMA polymer matrix does not change the semiconductor nature of PAN conductivity in the composite but effects on the activation parameters of the charge transport.
From ESR spectra, it found that the presence of a polymeric matrix causes significant delocalization of the charge along the macrochains of the dielectric polymeric matrix.
Batch microreactor for photocatalytic reactions monitoring
Authors: Danyliuk N. V. , Tatarchuk T. R. , Shyichuk A. V. 
Published: July 2020

Photocatalytic oxidation of organic contaminants is a hot topic in environmental research. However, an effective purification process needs an effective photoreactor. Typical light sources such as mercury and halogen lamps are replaced with more energy efficient Light Emitting Diodes. In the current work, a miniature photoreactor with low catalyst consumption was presented. The work of the micro-photoreactor is investigated using anatase and P25 industrial titania as model catalysts. The key element of the microreactor is replaceable UV-LED. The used 365 nm emission wavelength is optimal for the model pollutant Rhodamine B dye. The micro-photoreactor is able to mineralize the Rhodamine B dye almost completely.
Regularities of structure formation and physical properties of multilayered composites based on W, Ta, Нf, Ti, Mo, Сr, Al, and С
Authors: Perekrestov V. I. , Kosminska Yu. O. , Gannych Yu. V. , Kornyushchenko G. S. 
Published: July 2020

New fabrication technique of multilayered composite coatings on inner surface of pipes is developed which is based on ion–plasma sputtering of rod–like target composed of various metals and graphite. It is established that gradient change of elemental composition in the direction Сr→W→Mo→Ta→Hf→Ti→C→Ti/Al→C is accompanied by transition from metal mixture carbide to titanium carbide with the grain sizes of ~ 8–15 nm. It is found that increase in microhardness up to ~ 26 GPa is caused by additional surface heating by thermal radiation from the ion–heated rod and by elemental composition of the composite layers.
The effect of carbon content and cooling rate on the structure of boron-rich Fe–B–C alloys
Authors: Sukhova E. V. 
Published: July 2020

The structural and phase composition of boron-rich Fe–В–С alloys in the concentration range of 9.0–16.0 % В, 0.001–1.7 % С, Fe – the balance (in wt. %) was investigated in this work. The cooling rate of the alloys was from 10 to 103 К/s. The methods of quantitative metallographic, X-ray, energy dispersive X-ray, and differential thermal analyses were applied. It was established that the maximal solubility of carbon in Fe2B hemiboride does not exceed 0.55 %, and that in FeB monoboride – 0.41 %. The alloys that belong to two-phase peritectic (Fe2(B,C)+Fe(B,C)) region, two-phase peritectic-eutectic (Fe2(B,C)+Fe(B,C)) region, and three-phase peritectic-eutectic (Fe2(B,C)+Fe(B,C)+C) region of the Fe–В–С phase diagram were distinguished depending on their structure. The appearance of an eutectic constituents in the investigated alloys was explained by transition of peritectic reaction L+Fe(В,С)®Fe2(В,С) to eutectic reaction L®Fe(В,С)+Fe2(В,С) within the temperature range of 1623–1583 К in the presence of carbon. With cooling rate increasing from 10 to 103 К/s, structural constituents tended to be fine, their volume fraction changed, microhardness and fracture toughness increased.
Entre imágenes y reflejos… o despeñarse en la alucinación identitaria: a propósito de Para recibir el canto de los pájaros (Jorge Sanjinés, 1995)
Authors: AIMARETTI MARIA 
Published: July 2020

El artículo explora el modo en que, en el marco del quinto centenario de la llegada de los españoles a América, el Grupo Ukamau (GU) contribuyó a la discusión sobre la vigencia de los efectos de la conquista en el presente a través del film Para recibir el canto de los pájaros que, por problemas de financiamiento, recién pudo estrenarse en 1995. La película, de enorme riqueza visual y musical, provocó adhesiones y rechazos enérgicos debido al tipo de representación de las pervivencias coloniales en la identidad boliviana. Sin embargo, como buena parte de la obra del grupo posterior a La Nación clandestina (1989), ha sido escasamente revisitada por la crítica y la historiografía del cine latinoamericano.
La primera parte del trabajo pone en contexto el film, tanto en lo relativo a la trayectoria del GU, como a la coyuntura socio-política en la que se inscribe su producción y recepción. La segunda sección revisa las nociones de colonialismo interno y paradoja señorial —formuladas por Pablo González Casanova y René Zavaleta Mercado, respectivamente—, a fin de establecer una perspectiva conceptual a partir de la cual abordar el tratamiento que en la película recibe el problema de las continuidades coloniales. La última parte, analiza pormenorizadamente las estrategias narrativas y visuales que utilizó el GU para develar —hasta cierto punto— la marca colonial en las narrativas identitarias y la vida cotidiana boliviana de mediados de los años noventa.
Conventional and optional cardiovascular risk factors in predicting outcome in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Bilevich O. A. , Ovsyannikov N. V. , Usacheva E. V. , Kulikova O. M. 
Published: July 2020

Aim. To evaluate the frequency and effects on prognosis of conventional and optional cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors in hemodialysis patients.Material and methods. The study included 82 patients receiving hemodialysis. Clinical examination was carried out. We also assesed heart rate variability and pulse wave velocity by photoplethysmography. To identify significant prognostic factors and determine the range of their values, the decision tree method was used.Results. In hemodialysis patients, the prevalence of hypertension and overweight was higher than in the general population — 100% vs 33,8% and 51,2% vs 29,7%, respectively; the smoking prevalence was comparable — 25,6% vs 25,7%; the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was lower than in the general population — 45,1% vs 57,6%. Optional CVR factors in hemodialysis patients were as follows: level of pulse pressure, duration of hypertension, hemoglobin level, pulse wave velocity, standard deviation normal to normal (SDNN), left ventricular ejection fraction. Based on a combination of significant CVR factors, 5 rules for predicting a favorable or unfavorable outcome in hemodialysis patients were identified.Conclusion. The use of proposed rules allows to develop novel measures and improve current ones aimed at modifying CVR factors and increasing the survival of hemodialysis patients.
Post-myocardial infarction patients: a comparison of management by a physician and a cardiologist according to the REGATA register
Authors: Pereverzeva K. G. , Yakushin S. S. , Gracheva A. I. , Lukyanov M. M. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: July 2020

Aim. To assess the quality of diagnostics and treatment of outpatients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) according to REGATA register.Material andmethods. In 2012-2013, 481 patients with a MI history who sought help in ambulatory care clinic were included in the study. In 87,5% of cases, the reference visit was to a physician or cardiologist, in 12,5% — to other specialist. The median age was 72 [62; 78] years (men — 51,4% (n=247)). The median time of previous MI was 5 [2; 9] years before the inclusion date.Results. A total of 23,5% of patients with previous MI had never visited a cardiologist before, 37% of patients visited a cardiologist in the last 12 months before being included in the registry. The use of diagnostic tests was insufficient, regardless of specialty of a doctor managing a patient. In patients managed by a cardiologist, electrocardiography, 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring, echocardiography, exercise tolerance test were much more often used. Cardiovascular agents were prescribed at the last visit to a physician and/or cardiologist in 91,9% of cases. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors were used in 49,6% of patients, sartan medicines — 25,6%, beta-blockers — 57,7%, calcium channel antagonists — 21,7%, long-acting nitrates — 20,0%, statins — 45,1 %, antiplatelet agents — 67,3%. In patients who visited/not visited a cardiologist, the frequency of prescribing cardiovascular agents did not significantly differ, except for statins (50,0% vs 23,9%, respectively (p<0,0001)).Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that quality of managing outpatients after MI is higher by cardiologists than by physicians. However, the use of diagnostic tests and cardiovascular agents is insufficient, regardless of specialty of a doctor managing a patient.
Hepcidin and MELD-XI score as markers of multiple organ failure in patients with heart failure with preserved and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Dragomiretskaya N. A. , Stolbova S. K. , Tolmacheva A. V. 
Published: July 2020

Data on the changes in hepcidin levels in heart failure (HF) patients are contradictory and do not give an answer about its effect on the progression of multiple organ failure. Since the model of end-stage liver disease excluding INR (MELD-XI) reflects the severity of liver and kidney dysfunction, these markers have been suggested to be associated with decompensated HF.Aim. To assess the MELD-XI score and serum hepcidin levels in patients with decompensated HF with different values of left ventricular ejection fraction (EF).Material and methods. The study included 68 patients (29 women, 39 men; mean age 72,3±11,7 years) hospitalized due to decompensated HF. Patients were divided into three groups: reduced (HFrEF) (n=20), mid-range (HFmrEF) (n=23), and preserved EF (HFpEF) (n=24)). Upon admission, along with standard diagnostic tests, all patients were examined for hepcidin-25 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. MELD-XI score was calculated. Statistical processing was carried out using the software package Statistica 8.0.Results. Hepcidin levels in the HFrEF group (31,63 ng/ml [22,0; 71,6]) were significantly higher than in the HFmrEF (23,89 ng/ml [21,1; 27,9]) (p<0,05) and HFpEF (26,91 ng/ml [18,6; 31,1]) (p<0,05) groups. In HFpEF, there was a correlation of hepcidin level with body mass index (r=0,47, p<0,05) and chronic obstructive airway diseases (r=0,44, p<0,05). A correlation of hepcidin level with significant cardiac arrhythmias (r=0,61, p<0,05) was revealed in HFmrEF patients. MELD-XI score were significantly increased from 9,44±3,96 for HFpEF and 11,53±3,82 for HFmrEF to 14,3±4,3 for HFrEF (p<0,005). We also revealed correlation of MELD-XI score with hepcidin levels (r=0,3, p<0,05) and EF (r=-0,43, p<0,0003). Patients with a MELD-XI score of >10,4 were more likely to have NYHA class III-IV HF, HFrEF and significantly higher levels of hepcidin (p<0,05 for all) These patients were also more likely to have chronic kidney disease (p<0,05).Conclusion. Hepcidin level and MELD-XI score in patients with decompensated HF are inversely related to left ventricular EF. There is a direct relationship between hepcidin levels and other clinical parameters: body mass index, the presence of chronic obstructive airway diseases and cardiac arrhythmias.
Role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in cardiovascular risk management
Authors: Podzolkov V. I. , Pisarev M. V. 
Published: July 2020

The review provides data on a modern cardiovascular risk management according to Russian and European guidelines Particular emphasis is placed on residual cardiovascular risk and related marker — atherogenic dyslipidemia. The contribution of residual risk factors, in particular hypertriglyceridemia, to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disorders is considered in depth. Current guidelines on the modern therapy of hypertriglyceridemia are given. The important role of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in cardiovascular risk management is discussed in the context of recent large clinical trials.
Contribution of the ESSE-RF study to preventive healthcare in Russia
Authors: Shalnova S. A. , Drapkina O. М. 
Published: July 2020

The article discusses the role of epidemiological studies in the development of preventive programs through the example of the ESSE-RF study. The most interesting and sometimes unexpected research results are discussed. There is an increase in the prevalence of hypertension and obesity, a decrease in the prevalence of smoking, and an extremely high cardiovascular risk. In conclusion, it is noted that the results do provide an opportunity to assess the population health and the priorities of targeted prevention, which is the most effective. Thus, Galen’s statement is confirmed: “Qui bene diagnoscit — bene curat”.
Amphiregulin Aggravates Glomerulonephritis via Recruitment and Activation of Myeloid Cells
Authors: Melderis Simon , Hagenstein Julia , Warkotsch Matthias Tobias , Dang Julien , Herrnstadt Georg Rudolf , Niehus Christoph Benjamin , Neumann Katrin , Panzer Ulf , Berasain Carmen , Avila Matias A. , Tharaux Pierre-Louis , Tiegs Gisa , Steinmetz Oliver M. 
Published: July 2020

Significance Statement
The EGF receptor (EGFR) ligand amphiregulin (AREG) has emerged as a potent mediator of inflammation. AREG’s tissue-protective and immunosuppressive properties have recently received much attention, but the ligand has another function. In a mouse model of GN, AREG plays an unexpectedly strong proinflammatory rather than protective role. Renal resident cells that secrete AREG enhance the recruitment, proliferation, and activation of tissue-destructive myeloid cells. Importantly, studies in human crescentic GN also revealed strong upregulation of renal AREG expression, indicating clinical relevance of the murine model. These findings contribute to a more balanced understanding of AREG’s biology and help with the selection of patients and timing of AREG/EGFR-directed therapies.

Background
Recent studies have identified the EGF receptor (EGFR) ligand amphiregulin (AREG) as an important mediator of inflammatory diseases. Both pro- and anti-inflammatory functions have been described, but the role of AREG in GN remains unknown.

Methods
The nephrotoxic nephritis model of GN was studied in AREG−/− mice after bone marrow transplantation, and in mice with myeloid cell–specific EGFR deficiency. Therapeutic utility of AREG neutralization was assessed. Furthermore, AREG's effects on renal cells and monocytes/macrophages (M/M) were analyzed. Finally, we evaluated AREG expression in human renal biopsies.

Results
Renal AREG mRNA was strongly upregulated in murine GN. Renal resident cells were the most functionally relevant source of AREG. Importantly, the observation that knockout mice showed significant amelioration of disease indicates that AREG is pathogenic in GN. AREG enhanced myeloid cell responses via inducing chemokine and colony stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) expression in kidney resident cells. Furthermore, AREG directly skewed M/M to a proinflammatory M1 phenotype and protected them from apoptosis. Consequently, anti-AREG antibody treatment dose-dependently ameliorated GN. Notably, selective abrogation of EGFR signaling in myeloid cells was sufficient to protect against nephritis. Finally, strong upregulation of AREG expression was also detected in kidneys of patients with two forms of crescentic GN.

Conclusions
AREG is a proinflammatory mediator of GN via (1) enhancing renal pathogenic myeloid cell infiltration and (2) direct effects on M/M polarization, proliferation, and cytokine secretion. The AREG/EGFR axis is a potential therapeutic target for acute GN.
Determination of thermal diffusivity of the material by numerical-analytical model of a semi-bounded body
Authors: Sokolov A. K. 
Published: July 2020

A mathematical description of the material thermal diffusivity aт in a semi-bounded body is proposed with a relatively simple algorithm for its numerical and analytical by solving the inverse problem of thermal conductivity. To solve the problem, it is necessary to obtain the temperature values of the unbounded plate as a result of a thermophysical experiment. A plate can be conditionally considered as a semi-bounded body as long as the Fourier number Fo ≤ Foк (Foк ≈ 0.04–0.06). It is assumed that the temperature distribution over cross-section of the heated layer of the plate R is sufficiently described by a power function whose exponent depends linearly on the Fourier number. A simple algebraic expression is obtained for calculating aт in the time interval ∆τ from the dynamics of temperature change T(Rп , τ) of a plate surface with thickness Rп heated under boundary conditions of the second kind. Temperature of the second surface of the plate T(0, τ) is used only to determine the time of the end of experiment τк. The moment of time τк, in which the temperature perturbation reaches the adiabatic surface x = 0, can be set by the condition T(Rп , τк) – T(0, τ = 0) = 0,1 K. The method of approximate calculation of dynamics of changes in depth of the heated layer R by the values of Rп , τк , and τ is proposed. Calculation of a т for the time interval ∆τ is reduced to an iterative solution of a system of three algebraic equations by matching the Fourier number, for example, using a standard Microsoft Excel procedure. Estimation of the accuracy of a т calculation was made by the test (initial) temperature field of the refractory plate with the thickness Rп = 0.05 m, calculated by the finite difference method under the initial condition T(x, τ = 0) = 300 (0 ≤ x ≤ Rп) at radiation-convective heating. The heating time was 260 s. Calculation of aт, i was performed for 10 time moments τi + 1 = τi + Δτ, τ = 26 s. Average mass temperature of the heated layer for the whole time was T = 302 K. The arithmetic-mean absolute deviation of aт(T = 302 K) from the initial value at the same temperature was 2.8 %. Application of the method will simplify the conduct and processing of experiments to determine the thermal diffusivity of materials.
Wychowanie człowieka z perspektywy Katolickiej etyki wychowawczej o. Jacka Woronieckiego
Authors: Jazukiewicz Iwona 
Published: July 2020

Celem artykułu jest wskazanie współczesnej użyteczności katolickiej etyki wychowawczej o. Jacka Woronieckiego. Człowiek współczesny, uwikłany w zdobywanie i gromadzenie światowych dóbr materialnych, psychicznych i społecznych, zatraca to, co jest stałe i trwałe, a zbiera to, co jest ulotne przez nieustanną zmienność. Zatraca fundament solidnego budowania na rzecz chwiejności i niepewności. Siedemdziesiąta rocznica pożegnania o. Jacka Woronieckiego, wielkiego wychowawcy polskiej inteligencji, jest znakomitą okazją do wzbudzenia refleksji nad tym, że człowiek dnia dzisiejszego zagubił się w rozróżnianiu tego, co warto kochać i podziwiać, a wobec czego można i nawet powinno się zdystansować.
Metodą analityczno-syntetyczną dokonano wyboru i interpretacji myśli dominikanina, będących przesłanką działania wychowawczego. Myśl pierwsza: „Znamiennym rysem postępowania ludzkiego [...] jest jego świadoma celowość”. Myśl druga: „[...] w każdym [...] naszym uczynku kilka władz bierze udział, wypełniając w nim każda właściwą sobie rolę”. Myśl trzecia: „[...] tylko ta etyka jest dobra i prawdziwa, która [...] uczy nie tylko o czynach dobrych i złych, ale też o stałych do nich usposobieniach, cnotach i wadach”. Myśl czwarta: „Każdy ma sobie wyznaczoną miarę doskonałości”. W koncepcji o. Jacka Woronieckiego wskazany jest znaczący potencjał człowieka. Z kolei współczesność wykazuje wielką podatność na zmiany. We wnioskowaniu więc zaproponowano połączenie tych dwóch przesłanek, wskazując na czas słusznej zmiany w kierunku godziwej etyki i godziwego życia.
W trosce o aretologiczne podstawy wychowania. Wokół koncepcji o. Jacka Woronieckiego
Authors: Szewczak Iwona 
Published: July 2020

Artykuł podejmuje problematykę aretologicznych podstaw wychowania. Podjęto w nim próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie o zasadność odwoływania się w wychowaniu do teorii cnót, zaproponowanej przez o. Jacka Woronieckiego. Przedstawiono argumenty potwierdzające potrzebę odwoływania się w wychowaniu do tej teorii. Wykazano, że zaproponowane przez o. Jacka Woronieckiego sprawności: roztropność, sprawiedliwość, męstwo, umiarkowanie oraz wiara, nadzieja, miłość, a także pobożność mogą stanowić aktualne cele wychowania. Ich realizacja przyczynia się do aktualizacji potencjalności wychowanka i może stanowić odpowiedź na obserwowany współcześnie kryzys wychowania. Podjęto za o. Jackiem Woronieckim krytykę stanowiska intelektualizmu moralnego, podkreślając, że uwzględnienie w wychowaniu do cnót nie tylko rozumu, ale i woli jest konieczne do nabycia samych cnót.
One-Year Follow-Up Of Isolated Trapezoid Fracture From Occult Trauma: A Case Report
Authors: Suwannaphisit Sitthiphong , Suwanno Porames , Tangtrakulwanich Boonsin 
Published: July 2020

Background
Herein we present a rare case of isolated trapezoid fracture from occult trauma and review this type of fracture as related to sports injuries. The common presentation of occult trauma is important and proper imaging will lead to accurate diagnosis and consequent treatment with excellent results.

Case presentation
A 28-year-old right hand-dominant female presented with pain in her right hand for 1 week following a boxing class in fitness training. She was diagnosed as isolated trapezoid fracture. She was successfully treated with short arm cast immobilization for 3 weeks and a moveable wrist splint for 3 weeks with activity modification. A one year follow up confirmed excellent clinical results.

Conclusion
Isolated sports-related trapezoid fractures are rare and the diagnosis is usually missed. Advanced imaging can be helpful. Following conservative treatment our patient was able to return to normal activities and continued to have no problems at the 1 year follow up.
Derecho medioambiental internacional y la nueva soberanía: Algunos retos pendientes
Authors: Ezeizabarrena Xabier 
Published: July 2020

Este breve documento intenta subrayar mi experiencia general internacional en derecho ambiental, en particular desde el punto de vista de las personas interesadas. Existe una necesidad real de una solución alternativa internacional de conflictos ambientales a pesar del principio internacional de soberanía que está fallando para proteger los recursos naturales durante las últimas décadas. Sin embargo, los Estados y sus subdivisiones son reacios a someterse a los nuevos principios de co-soberanía, especialmente en la relación con los individuos. Aunque se puede afirmar con seguridad que el derecho internacional del medio ambiente está en camino de fortalecer el papel de los actores no estatales, todavía queda un largo camino por recorrer antes de que el acceso de estos actores a la adjudicación internacional sea completamente reconocido. Por lo tanto, existe una necesidad real en todo el mundo de un debate abierto y una propuesta en un foro internacional para poner a disposición la necesidad de una resolución internacional de disputas ambientales. Los desafíos internacionales pendientes sobre el cambio climático, entre otras cosas, encontrarían aquí otra razón para avanzar en términos de solidaridad internacional y nueva soberanía sobre asuntos ambientales.Recibido: 17.10.2019Aceptado: 20.12.2019Publicación en línea: 03.07.2020