bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of adjuvant oral irrigation on self‐administered oral care in the management of peri‐implant mucositis: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Bunk Daniel , Eisenburger Michael , Häckl Sebastian , Eberhard Jörg , Stiesch Meike , Grischke Jasmin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesThis single‐blinded randomized clinical trial evaluated the effect of adjuvant oral irrigation in addition to self‐administered oral care on prevalence and severity of peri‐implant mucositis.Material & MethodsAfter randomization, patients suffering from peri‐implant mucositis were assigned to the following: Group 1 (control) received oral hygiene instruction following a standardized protocol, including a sub‐ and supramucosal mechanical debridement. Group 2 and 3 additionally were instructed to use an oral irrigator with either water or 0.06% CHX solution. One implant per patient was considered for examination. Clinical examinations included Probing Depth, Bleeding on Probing (BOP‐positive sites), and Modified Plaque and Gingival Index. A surrogate variable (mucositis severity score) was applied measuring severity of disease. Statistical analysis included linear regression models and sensitivity analysis.ResultsSixty periodontally healthy patients were examined for presence and severity of peri‐implant mucositis. 70% of all patients reached complete resolution of disease after 12 weeks. The prevalence of peri‐implant mucositis after 12 weeks was 50% in group 1, 35% in group 2, and 5% in group 3. Average BOP‐positive sites were reduced in all groups after 12 weeks (mean change from baseline: group 1: −1.5; group 2: −1.8; group 3: −2.3).ConclusionWithin the limits of the study, adjuvant use of an oral irrigator with 0.06% CHX in addition to mechanical biofilm removal and oral hygiene instruction can reduce the presence and severity of peri‐implant mucositis after 12 weeks.
Genomic selection for resistance to spruce budworm in white spruce and relationships with growth and wood quality traits
Authors: Beaulieu Jean , Nadeau Simon , Ding Chen , Celedon Jose M. , Azaiez Aïda , Ritland Carol , Laverdière Jean‐Philippe , Deslauriers Marie , Adams Greg , Fullarton Michele , Bohlmann Joerg , Lenz Patrick , Bousquet Jean 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWith climate change, the pressure on tree breeding to provide varieties with improved resilience to biotic and abiotic stress is increasing. As such, pest resistance is of high priority but has been neglected in most tree breeding programs, given the complexity of phenotyping for these traits and delays to assess mature trees. In addition, the existing genetic variation of resistance and its relationship with productivity should be better understood for their consideration in multitrait breeding. In this study, we evaluated the prospects for genetic improvement of the levels of acetophenone aglycones (AAs) in white spruce needles, which have been shown to be tightly linked to resistance to spruce budworm. Furthermore, we estimated the accuracy of genomic selection (GS) for these traits, allowing selection at a very early stage to accelerate breeding. A total of 1,516 progeny trees established on five sites and belonging to 136 full‐sib families from a mature breeding population in New Brunswick were measured for height growth and genotyped for 4,148 high‐quality SNPs belonging to as many genes along the white spruce genome. In addition, 598 trees were assessed for levels of AAs piceol and pungenol in needles, and 578 for wood stiffness. GS models were developed with the phenotyped trees and then applied to predict the trait values of unphenotyped trees. AAs were under moderate‐to‐high genetic control (h2: 0.43–0.57) with null or marginally negative genetic correlations with other traits. The prediction accuracy of GS models (GBLUP) for AAs was high (PAAC: 0.63–0.67) and comparable or slightly higher than pedigree‐based (ABLUP) or BayesCπ models. We show that AA traits can be improved and that GS speeds up the selection of improved trees for insect resistance and for growth and wood quality traits. Various selection strategies were tested to optimize multitrait gains.
In‐store shopping hassles: Conceptualization and classification
Authors: Lee Jaehoon , Ko Guihan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA positive shopping experience provides retailers with a competitive advantage. However, retail environments pose numerous hassles that may negatively affect consumer experiences. Integrating perspectives from attribution theory and expectation theory, we examine the concept of shopping hassle and how it differs from that of retail service failure. Furthermore, we utilize qualitative approaches to explore what shopping episodes consumers perceive as hassles. Conducting semi‐structured in‐depth interviews in Study 1, we develop a classification framework of in‐store shopping hassles. In Study 2, we use a critical incident technique approach to gain a further understanding of types of shopping hassle.
Inactivation ofEscherichia coliK12 by pulsed UV light on goat meat and beef: microbial responses and modelling
Authors: Bryant Madalyn T. , Degala Hema L. , Mahapatra Ajit K. , Gosukonda Ramana M. , Kannan Govind 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThe objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of pulsed UV light (PUVL) in inactivatingEscherichia coliK12 on goat meat and beef surfaces. Inactivation studies were conducted for 5 to 60 s at three distances from the light source (4.47, 8.28 and 12.09 cm) in the PUVL chamber. Predictive models using regression and artificial neural networks (ANN) were developed to quantify log reductions. Pulsed UV light was more effective on beef than goat meat. Maximum log reductions of 1.66 and 1.74 CFU mL−1rinse solution were achieved on goat meat and beef, respectively, at 4.47 cm distance for 60 s.Escherichia coliK12 reduction increased significantly with increasing treatment time and closer distance from the light source. In general, both ANN and regression models effectively described inactivation ofE. coliK12. Predictive models describing PUVL inactivation kinetics ofE. coliK12 can be used for process optimisation in meat industry.
A review on novel non‐thermal food processing techniques for mycotoxin reduction
Authors: Adebo Oluwafemi Ayodeji , Molelekoa Tumisi , Makhuvele Rhulani , Adebiyi Janet Adeyinka , Oyedeji Ajibola Bamikole , Gbashi Sefater , Adefisoye Martins Ajibade , Ogundele Opeoluwa Mayowa , Njobeh Patrick Berka 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe overarching challenges of mycotoxin contamination in food necessitate the development of strategies to be implemented to combat their effects thereof. Common processing techniques have been utilised but do not necessarily meet the desired efficacy. This review appraises studies on novel non‐thermal food processing techniques, particularly high pressure processing, pulsed electric filed, cold plasma and ultrasound processing for the decontamination of mycotoxins in food. Although available studies on these techniques have suggested a reduction of mycotoxins and in some instances, complete decontamination of mycotoxins was also reported. The mechanisms by which reduction/elimination occurs include through decomposition of toxins after collision with ions/electrons leading to cleavage of bonds, structural degradation of the mycotoxins structure and cleavage of functional groups. Additional studies into the toxicity of degraded products and the composition of the food products are still required to ensure a more widespread adoption of these techniques to enhance food safety.
Changes of microbial diversity and volatile compounds in edible and deteriorated Qingke barley fresh noodles stored at 25 °C
Authors: Tuersuntuoheti Tuohetisayipu , Wang Zhenhua , Zhang Min , Asimi Sailimuhan , Liang Shan , Wang Ziyuan , Ren Xin , Sohail Amjad 
Published: July 2020

SummaryMicrobial diversity and volatile compounds in Qingke barley fresh noodles (QBFN) with different storage time at 25 ± 1 °C were investigated. The results showed that Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Erwinia and Alternaria, Pyrenophora, Penicillium were the dominant microorganisms in edible QBFN (stored for 0 and 12 h), while Pantoea, Erwinia, Bacillus and Penicillium, Aspergillus were the dominant spoilage microorganisms in deteriorated QBFN (stored for 18 h). The edible QBFN have high concentration of aldehydes (61.27 μg kg−1), furan and pyrazines (60.87 μg kg−1), alcohols (49.74 μg kg−1) and ketones (29.74 μg kg−1) that give basic flavours to the QBFN. As storage time increased, the concentrations of above volatile compounds decreased, and new esters and sulphuric compounds which gave unpleasant odours to the QBFN appeared. Multivariate data analysis methods showed that 2‐pentyl‐furan, hexanal, 5‐Ethylcyclopent‐1‐enecarboxaldehy, cyclohexanol and methyl allyl sulphide, ethyl isovalerate were the main volatile compounds that make a difference in flavour between the edible and deteriorated QBFN.
The prevalence and perception of self-medication among adults in the Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Mok Chi Zen , Sellappans Renukha , Ee Loo Jason Siau 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Self-medication, while potentially beneficial, also brings certain risks such as inappropriate treatment and adverse effects. In this study, we determine the prevalence and perception towards self-medication among adults living in the Klang Valley, Malaysia.

Methods
This study was a cross-sectional study which sampled 562 respondents across the Klang Valley, Malaysia using a stratified quota sampling method and a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of three sections: demographic data, self-medication practices and perception towards self-medication. Perception towards self-medication was measured using 20 statements with a 5-point Likert scale. Descriptive and inferential tests as well as factor analysis were used to analyse the data.

Key findings
The overall prevalence of self-medication for minor ailments was 63.5%. Self-medication was practised to a similar degree regardless of respondent demographics. Respondents most frequently obtained their medicines for self-medication of minor ailments from pharmacies without consulting the pharmacist (68.6%), followed by using leftover medications at home (44.8%) and obtaining medicines from friends and family (16.0%). Factor analysis revealed that self-medication behaviour is driven by good perception towards self-medication in terms of efficacy, safety and convenience, as well as by previous personal or shared experiences.

Conclusion
The prevalence of self-medication is high among adults in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Adults who self-medicate view the consequences of self-medication in a positive light and may be influenced by previous personal or shared experiences. As certain risks with self-medication may be underestimated, efforts to educate the public while promoting a more proactive approach among healthcare professionals should be encouraged.
Online Design Education: Meta‐Connective Pedagogy
Authors: Dreamson Neal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRapid technological advancement has changed the landscape of design education to be integrated with educational technology, and the worldwide COVID‐19 pandemic has further accelerated its transition to online education. Pedagogical engagement with online education is unavoidable to ensure that the transition is successful when the situation ends. Yet, many prior studies on online design education remain focused on technical and administrative uses of digital technologies. In this article, meta‐connective pedagogy is introduced to enable educators and researchers critically to engage with pedagogical concerns emerging from the connective nature of the digitally networked world. Meta‐connective pedagogy is to focus on we are always‐being‐connected and argue that authentic learning and teaching are determined by diverse forms of pre‐existing connectivity. This article consists of four parts. First, it is argued that studio‐based learning has developed a ‘resistant’ stance towards online education, which justifies the omission of understanding connective features from its discourses. Second, four up‐to‐date studies on online design education are critically reviewed in a comparative manner, as their views are split into technical and pedagogical aspects. Third, meta‐connective pedagogy is introduced to address why and how connectivity becomes an emerging pedagogical concern for online education. Fourth and last, a schematic form of meta‐connective design education is articulated, and new roles and responsibilities of educators are addressed. Overall, it is argued that the whole concept of design education is subverted towards connectivity that is inclusive of social components of traditional design studios in a more efficient way.
A supporting role: Mothers’ perceptions of their child’s developing awareness of Down syndrome
Authors: Deakin Karen , Jahoda Andrew 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundYoung people with Down syndrome and their families often contend with social stigma. The present study examined this issue from their mothers' perspective.MethodsAn interpretative phenomenological approach (IPA) was used to explore mothers' perceptions of their child's developing awareness of their disability and associated social stigma. Interviews were carried out with nine mothers of young people with Down syndrome aged 9–16 years old.ResultsAll mothers were sensitive to the stigmatized status of Down syndrome and were at pains to protect their child from becoming aware of it. Some mothers had talked about Down syndrome with their child. Other mothers carefully monitored their child for signs that they were ready to talk about it. On the surface, all mothers believed that their child had a limited insight into Down syndrome and stigma but detailed discussion revealed more complex insights.ConclusionMothers expressed uncertainty and anxiety about when and how to talk to their child about Down syndrome.
Staff experience of the implementation of intensive interaction within their places of work with people with learning disabilities and/or autism
Authors: Berridge Samantha , Hutchinson Nick 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundIntensive interaction is an approach used to develop the communication and social inclusion of those who are pre‐verbal. It is used in a variety of settings by healthcare and educational staff.MethodA systematic search was conducted to identify and review the literature which explores staff experiences of intensive interaction being implemented within their places of work. Thematic synthesis was utilized to synthesize the findings.ResultsNine papers were included. Three higher‐order themes were generated: “Personal Doubt, Discordance & Discomfort,” “A Turning Point” and “Needing Implementation at All Levels.”ConclusionsThere were consistent findings across a range of settings. Findings suggest that intensive interaction is rewarding for staff and beneficial to those that they work with. Implementation was sometimes perceived to be challenging and this review attempts to highlight solutions with guidance of the literature. Limitations largely relate to heterogeneity of the papers and methodological limitations are discussed.
UK multicenter retrospective comparison of novel active versus conventional passive fixation coronary sinus leads
Authors: Gerontitis Dimitrios , Diab Ihab , Chow Anthony W. C. , Hunter Ross J. , Leyva Francisco , Turley Andrew J. , Williams Ian , Ullah Waqas ,   other members of the Attain Stability Study Group/Consortium
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundA novel active fixation coronary sinus (CS) lead, Attain Stability (AS), has been released aiming to improve targeted lead positioning. Rather than being wedged into the distal vessel, it relies on a side helix for fixation. We aimed to compare implant procedure parameters and electromechanical stability of the AS lead with passive CS leads.MethodsA retrospective study involving six major UK cardiac centers. Patients who received active fixation leads were compared with passive fixation lead recipients in a 1:2 ratio. The primary outcome was total lead displacements (combined macrodisplacement/microdisplacement, defined as displacements requiring repositioning procedures, an increase in threshold ≥0.5 V or pulse width ≥0.5 ms, or a change in pacing polarity).ResultsA total of 761 patients were included (253 AS leads and 508 passive fixation leads), of which 736 had follow‐up data. The primary endpoint rate was 31% (75/241) in the active and 43% (214/495) in the passive group (p = .002). Six patients (2.5%) in the active group and 14 patients (2.8%) in the passive group required CS lead repositioning procedures (p = 0.981). On multivariable analysis, active leads were associated with a reduction in lead displacements, odds ratio 0.66 (95% confidence interval: 0.46–0.95), p = .024. There were differences in favor of passive leads in procedure duration, 120 (96–149) versus 127 (105–155) min (p = .008), and fluoroscopy time, 17 (11–26) versus 18.5 (13–27) min (p = .0022). The median follow‐up duration was similar (active vs. passive): 31 (17–47) versus 34 (16–71) weeks, (p = .052).ConclusionAS CS leads had improved electromechanical stability compared with passive fixation leads, with only minimal increases in implant procedure and fluoroscopy times.
Mechanical plaque removal of periodontal maintenance patients: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Slot Dagmar E. , Valkenburg Cees , Van der Weijden G.A. (Fridus) 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimThis systematic review synthesizes the available clinical evidence concerning efficacy of mechanical oral hygiene devices in periodontal maintenance patients.Material and MethodsThree databases were searched up to October 2019 for clinical trials conducted in adult patients in periodontal maintenance which evaluated the effect of toothbrushes or an interdental device on plaque removal and parameters of periodontal diseases. Descriptive analysis and network meta‐analysis (NMA) were performed.ResultsSixteen eligible publications, including 17 relevant comparisons, were retrieved. Four out of five comparisons found no clinical difference between a manual and power toothbrush. Of the interdental cleaning devices, the interdental brushes (IDBs) reduced plaque scores more effectively than a manual toothbrush alone. For the oral irrigator, two out of three comparisons indicated a positive effect on gingivitis scores, and probing pocket depth. The NMA demonstrated that for plaque removal the adjuvant use of IDBs was significantly more effective than the manual toothbrush alone. For the reduction of gingival inflammation, no product ranked higher than the manual toothbrush.ConclusionDue to the scarcity of studies that met the inclusion criteria for each of the oral hygiene devices and the low certainty of the resultant evidence, no strong “evidence‐based” conclusion can be drawn concerning any specific oral hygiene device for patient self‐care in periodontal maintenance.
Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae) larvae irradiated at higher doses improve the rearing of two species of native parasitoids
Authors: Cancino Jorge , Ayala Amanda , Ovruski Sergio , Rios Laura , López Patricia , Hendrichs Jorge 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIrradiation doses 40, 80, 120 and 160 Gy were used on 6‐, 7‐, 8‐ and 9‐days‐old Anastrepha ludens (Loew) (Diptera: Tephritidae) larvae. The larvae from the different age groups irradiated with different doses were exposed separately to Neotropical‐native Doryctobracon crawfordi (Viereck), Utetes anastrephae (Viereck) and the Asian introduced Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). A significant increment in parasitoid emergence directly related to radiation increment on parasitoids D. crawfordi and U. anastrephae was observed. This effect was higher on irradiated young larvae; in D. longicaudata, emergence increment was related to age of larva but not with radiation doses. Similar results were obtained for sex ratio. Host larva weight increased with age, and irradiation had no effect on gaining weight of growing larvae. The host larval mortality 72 hr after exposition had an inverse relationship regarding to its age, although it did not have a negative effect as regards radiation doses. Immature stages of parasitoid/larva (>1 = superparasitism) were higher in 8‐days‐old larvae parasitized by D. Longicaudata, while in D. crawfordi and U. Anastrephae, superparasitism was absent (<1 immature stage per host larva). Superparasitism was not affected by increased radiation dose. No levels of melanin were detected as indicators of immunological reactions. However, these results are considered to be closely related to the lessening of these reactions due to irradiation. The positive relationship between emergence and irradiation dose to host larvae was present in native species D. crawfordi and U. anastrephae, but absent for exotic D. longicaudata. The data presented here are of great relevance for cost effective mass rearing of these parasitoids.
Earwig preying on ambrosia beetle: Evaluating predatory process and prey preference
Authors: Jiang Zi‐Ru , Kajimura Hisashi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEarwigs (Dermaptera), such as Forficula auricularia L., are important euryphagous predators for a wide variety of prey and can markedly influence the populations of orchard pests. Most previous studies on earwig feeding behaviour have not used adult beetles of the prey species; few researchers have focused on prey preference in earwigs. Some fragments of beetle exoskeleton and an earwig adult, Anisolabella marginalis (Dohrn), were found in the same cage, where adults of ambrosia beetle, Euwallacea interjectus (Blandford), were emerging from the logs of a fig tree infected with Ceratocystis canker (fig wilt disease). Thus, A. marginalis was suspected of being a predator of E. interjectus. To shed light on this issue, in the laboratory, we set up a test arena and observed and recorded behavioural interactions between A. marginalis and E. interjectus. E. interjectus was collected from the logs of fig trees and reared on an artificial diet, along with six different ambrosia beetle species, which were collected from a trap (baited with ethanol) and a fallen maple tree. A series of laboratory experiments demonstrated that A. marginalis is actually a predator of E. interjectus and other species of ambrosia beetle, indicating its a potential for use in effective pest control in the field. The predators frequently consume and tend to select their prey depending on prey size, rather than sex and beetle species. Furthermore, earwigs have alternative predatory strategies for dealing with seven different species, although they use their forceps to cut the body of most tested beetles.