bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of targeted percutaneous vertebroplasty and traditional percutaneous vertebroplasty for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the elderly
Authors: Yuan Lingli , Bai Jianzhong , Geng Chunhui , Han Guansheng , Xu Wendi , Zhang Zhongchuan , Luo Hong , Zhu Xunbing 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the clinical effect of precise puncture and low-dose bone cement in percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP).

Methods
Sixty patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCFs) who were treated with PVP in our hospital from July 2018 to June 2019. These included patients were divided into group A (N = 30) and group B (N = 30). Group A has punctured to the fracture area accurately and injected with a small dose of bone cement, the group B was injected with a conventional dose of bone cement. The operation time, the amount of bone cement injection, the number of X-rays, the VAS scores, the leakage rate of bone cement, and the incidence of adjacent vertebral fractures were compared between the two groups.

Result
The operation time, fluoroscopic times, and bone cement volume in group A are less than that in group B (P < 0.05). Patients in group A had a lower incidence of cement leakage and adjacent vertebral fracture than that in patients in group B. There was no significant difference in postoperative pain relief between the two groups.

Conclusions
Precise puncture and injection of small doses of bone cement can reduce the number of X-ray fluoroscopy, operation time, amount of bone cement injection, reduce the rate of bone cement leakage and the incidence of adjacent vertebral fractures, which is a safe and effective surgical approach for the treatment for the aged with OVCFs.
SAP30BP gene is associated with the susceptibility of rotator cuff tear: a case-control study based on Han Chinese population
Authors: Tian Bin , Kang Xin , Zhang Liang , Zheng Jiang , Zhao Zandong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundMultiple studies have indicated that genetic components contribute significantly to the risk of rotator cuff tears. Previous studies have suggested that theSAP30BPgene may play an essential role in the development of rotator cuff tears. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential association of theSAP30BPgene with the susceptibility to rotator cuff tears in a Han Chinese population.MethodsA total of 394 patients with rotator cuff tears and 998 healthy controls were included in the study. Twelve tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the region of theSAP30BPgene were selected for genotyping. Genetic association analyses were performed usingχ2tests for each SNP. Significant associations were searched in the GTEx database for their functional consequences.ResultsSNP rs820218 was significantly associated with rotator cuff tears (χ2= 9.49,P= 0.0021, OR [95% CI] = 0.67 [0.52–0.87]). In addition, SNP rs820218 was found to be significantly associated with the gene expression level ofSAP30BPin whole blood (NES = 0.12,P= 1.00 × 10−6).ConclusionOur study has shown that the genetic polymorphism ofSAP30BPcontributes to the risk of rotator cuff tears in Chinese Han people. Individuals with theAallele for SNP rs820218 were less susceptible to developing rotator cuff tears.
Hormonal determinants of mammographic density and density change
Authors: Gabrielson Marike , Azam Shadi , Hardell Elina , Holm Madeleine , Ubhayasekera Kumari A. , Eriksson Mikael , Bäcklund Magnus , Bergquist Jonas , Czene Kamila , Hall Per 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundMammographic density (MD) is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. We examined how endogenous plasma hormones are associated with average MD area (cm2) and annual MD change (cm2/year).MethodsThis study within the prospective KARMA cohort included analyses of plasma hormones of 1040 women. Hormones from the progestogen (n = 3), androgen (n = 7), oestrogen (n = 2) and corticoid (n = 5) pathways were analysed by ultra-performance supercritical fluid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPSFC-MS/MS), as well as peptide hormones and proteins (n = 2). MD was measured as a dense area using the STRATUS method (mean over the left and right breasts) and mean annual MD change over time.ResultsGreater baseline mean MD was associated with overall higher concentrations of progesterone (average + 1.29 cm2per doubling of hormone concentration), 17OH-progesterone (+ 1.09 cm2), oesterone sulphate (+ 1.42 cm2), prolactin (+ 2.11 cm2) and SHBG (+ 4.18 cm2), and inversely associated with 11-deoxycortisol (− 1.33 cm2). The association between MD and progesterone was confined to the premenopausal women only. The overall annual MD change was − 0.8 cm2. Hormones from the androgen pathway were statistically significantly associated with MD change. The annual MD change was − 0.96 cm2and − 1.16 cm2lesser, for women in the highest quartile concentrations of testosterone and free testosterone, respectively, compared to those with the lowest concentrations.ConclusionsOur results suggest that, whereas hormones from the progestogen, oestrogen and corticoid pathways drive baseline MD, MD change over time is mainly driven by androgens. This study emphasises the complexity of risk factors for breast cancer and their mechanisms of action.
The ORVAC trial: a phase IV, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial of a third scheduled dose of Rotarix rotavirus vaccine in Australian Indigenous infants to improve protection against gastroenteritis: a statistical analysis plan
Authors: Jones Mark A , Graves Todd , Middleton Bianca , Totterdell James , Snelling Thomas L , Marsh Julie A 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, adaptive design trial with frequent interim analyses is to determine if Australian Indigenous children, who receive an additional (third) dose of human rotavirus vaccine (Rotarix, GlaxoSmithKline) for children aged 6 to < 12 months, would improve protection against clinically significant all-cause gastroenteritis.ParticipantsUp to 1000 Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (hereafter Indigenous) infants aged 6 to < 12 months will be recruited from all regions of the Northern Territory.InterventionsThe intervention is the addition of a third scheduled dose of human monovalent rotavirus vaccine.Co-primary and secondary outcome measuresORVAC has two co-primary outcomes: (1) anti-rotavirus IgA seroconversion, defined as serum anti-rotavirus IgA ≥ 20 U/ml 28 to 55 days post Rotarix/placebo, and (2) time from randomisation to medical attendance for which the primary reason for presentation is acute gastroenteritis or acute diarrhoea illness before age 36 months. Secondary outcomes include (1) change in anti-rotavirus IgA log titre, (2) time from randomisation to hospitalisation with primary admission code presumed or confirmed acute diarrhoea illness before age 36 months, (3) time from randomisation to hospitalisation for which the admission is rotavirus confirmed diarrhoea illness before age 36 months and (4) time from randomisation to rotavirus infection (not necessarily requiring hospitalisation) meeting the jurisdictional definition before age 36 months.DiscussionA detailed, prospective statistical analysis plan is presented for this Bayesian adaptive design. The plan was written by the trial statistician and details the study design, pre-specified adaptative elements, decision thresholds, statistical methods and the simulations used to evaluate the operating characteristics of the trial. As at August 2020, four interim analyses have been run, but no stopping rules have been triggered. Application of this SAP will minimise bias and supports transparent and reproducible research.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT02941107. Registered on 21 October 2016Original protocol for the study10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032549
Ultrasound assessment of skin thickness and stiffness: the correlation with histology and clinical score in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Chen Chen , Cheng Yi , Zhu Xiaoxia , Cai Yehua , Xue Yu , Kong Ning , Yu Yiyun , Xuan Dandan , Zheng Shucong , Yang Xue , Zhu Zaihua , Zhao Tianyi , Wan Weiguo , Zou Hejian , Liang Minrui 
Published: August 2020

Abstracts
Background
Ultrasound is a useful tool to evaluate and quantify skin lesions. Few studies have assessed the criterion validity of skin ultrasound in systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aims of the study were to investigate skin thickness and stiffness using ultrasound and shear wave elastography (SWE) in SSc and to validate skin ultrasound measurements against histological skin thickness.

Methods
A total of 22 patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc), 22 with limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc), and 22 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Skin thickness and stiffness were measured by B-mode ultrasound with SWE imaging on the bilateral fingers and hands. Additional ultrasound evaluation was carried out in 13 patients (9 dcSSc and 4 lcSSc) on their dorsal forearms, followed by skin biopsy conducted in the same skin areas. Correlations between ultrasound measurements and histological skin thickness and modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) were investigated using Spearman’s correlation.

Results
Compared with controls, ultrasound-measured skin thickness and skin stiffness were significantly higher in patients with SSc (p < 0.001) and even higher in those with dcSSc. No clear correlation could be established between ultrasound-determined skin thickness and stiffness at the same site. Ultrasound-measured skin thickness correlated well with histological skin thickness (r = 0.6926, p = 0.009). A weaker association was also observed between histological skin thickness and local mRSS (r = 0.5867, p = 0.050).

Conclusions
Ultrasound is a reliable tool for quantifying skin involvement in SSc. Ultrasound-measured skin thickness showed good agreement with histological skin thickness.
Does photobiomodulation therapy combined to static magnetic field (PBMT-sMF) promote ergogenic effects even when the exercised muscle group is not irradiated? A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Machado Caroline dos Santos Monteiro , Casalechi Heliodora Leão , Vanin Adriane Aver , de Azevedo Jônatas Bezerra , de Carvalho Paulo de Tarso Camillo , Leal-Junior Ernesto Cesar Pinto 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The direct application of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) using low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and light emitting diodes (LEDs) combined with a static magnetic field (sMF) (PBMT-sMF) to target tissues is shown to improve muscle performance and recovery. Studies have reported possible PBMT effects when a local distant to the target tissue is irradiated. Notably, the extent of these effects on musculoskeletal performance and the optimal site of irradiation remain unclear, although this information is clinically important since these aspects could directly affect the magnitude of the effect. Therefore, we investigated the effects of local and non-local PBMT-sMF irradiations on musculoskeletal performance and post-exercise recovery before an eccentric exercise protocol.

Methods
This randomized, triple-blind (participants, therapists and assessors), placebo-controlled trial included 30 healthy male volunteers randomly assigned to the placebo, local, and non-local groups. Active or placebo PBMT-sMF was applied to 6 sites of the quadriceps muscle of both legs. An eccentric exercise protocol was used to induce fatigue. The primary outcome was peak torque assessed by maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). The secondary outcomes were delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) measured by visual analogue scale (VAS), muscle injury assessed by serum creatine kinase activity (CK), and blood lactate levels. Evaluations were performed before the eccentric exercise protocol (baseline), as well as immediately after and 1, 24, 48, and 72 h upon protocol completion.

Results
Ten volunteers were randomized per group and analysed for all outcomes. Compared to the placebo and non-local groups, irradiation with PBMT-SMF led to statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05) with regard to all variables in the local group. The outcomes observed in the non-local group were similar to those in the placebo group with regard to all variables.
The volunteers did not report any adverse effects.

Conclusion
Our results support the current evidence that local irradiation of all exercised muscles promotes ergogenic effects. PBMT-sMF improved performance and reduced muscle fatigue only when applied locally to muscles involved in physical activity.

Trial registration
NCT03695458. Registered October 04th 2018.
Triboelectric touch sensor for position mapping during total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Jeong Jae Bum , Kim Hyeok , Yoo Jun-Il 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective
In this research, a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) was utilized to determine if a pressure-based sensor could detect bearing friction in a total hip arthroplasty (THA) and detect the contact of specific areas during ROM checks.

Results
The pressure-based sensor shows capability to sense bearing friction. In more detail, the TENG embedded in four different sides of the trial exhibits up to 1 V from peak-to-peak. Moreover, these flexible touch sensors with TENG describes a peak signal in output voltage which should lead to extremely sensitive detection of bearing friction induced by the THA.
Colorectal liver metastases: radiopathological correlation
Authors: Paulatto Luisa , Dioguardi Burgio Marco , Sartoris Riccardo , Beaufrère Aurélie , Cauchy François , Paradis Valérie , Vilgrain Valérie , Ronot Maxime 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWith the development of chemotherapy regimens, targeted therapies, and hepatic surgery, the survival of patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) has dramatically improved. Imaging plays a central role for the diagnosis, staging, and treatment allocation in these patients. To interpret CRLM on imaging, radiologists must be familiar with the main imaging features of untreated tumors as well as the modifications induced by systemic therapies, and their meaning in relation to pathological tumor response and tumor biology. CRLM have the same histological features as the primary tumor. Most are “non-otherwise specified” (NOS) adenocarcinomas. The mucinous tumor is the most common of the rare subtypes. In NOS tumors, imaging usually differentiates central areas of necrosis from peripheral proliferating tumors and desmoplastic reaction. Areas of mucin mixed with fibrosis are seen in mucinous subtypes to help differentiate the metastases from other tumors cysts or hemangiomas. After treatment, the viable tumor is gradually replaced by ischemic-like necrosis and fibrosis, and remnants cells are mainly located on the periphery of tumors. Imaging can help predict the degree of tumor response, but changes can be difficult to differentiate from the pretherapeutic appearance. When chemotherapy is interrupted or in case of resistance to treatment, a peripheral infiltrating halo of tumor growth may appear. The purpose of the article is to illustrate the significance of the imaging features of colorectal liver metastases during systemic therapy, using radiopathological correlations.
Hypogonadal hypertension in male Sprague-Dawley rats is renin-angiotensin system-dependent: role of endogenous androgens
Authors: Hanson Andrea E. , Perusquia Mercedes , Stallone John N. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Acutely, testosterone (TES) and other androgens are efficacious vasodilators, both in vitro and in vivo; however, their long-term effects on arterial blood pressure (BP) remain unclear. It was hypothesized that endogenous androgens exert long-term anti-hypertensive effects on systemic BP through a combination of genomic and nongenomic effects to enhance vasodilation of the systemic vasculature.

Methods
The long-term effects of endogenous TES and exogenous TES replacement therapy (TRT) on BP were studied in intact (InT) and castrated (CsX) male Sprague-Dawley (SD) and testicular-feminized male (Tfm, androgen receptor defective) rats (12 weeks old). Systolic BP (tail-cuff plethysmography) was determined weekly for 15 weeks in InT-control and CsX rats. Some CsX-SD rats received androgen replacement therapy at 10-15 weeks with TES-enanthate (TRT; 1.75 mg/kg, 2x/week) or DHT-enanthate (DRT; 1.00 mg/kg. 2x/week) and a separate group of CsX-SD rats received losartan-potassium in drinking water (LST, 250 mg/L) for the entire 15 week period. Expression of renin, angiotensinogen (Agt), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), and angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1R) mRNA in kidney and aorta were determined by real-time PCR (rt-PCR) and plasma renin levels were determined by radioimmunoassay.

Results
There was a progressive rise in BP over 10 weeks in CsX (109 ± 3.3 vs. 143 ± 3.5 mmHg), while BP remained stable in InT-control (109 ± 3.0 vs. 113 ± 0.3). BP gradually declined to normal in CsX-TRT rats (113 ± 1.3), while BP remained elevated in CsX (140 ± 1.2) and normal in InT-control (113 ± 0.3). LST prevented the development of hypertension in CsX at 10 weeks (100 ± 1.5 in CsX + LST vs. 143 ± 3.5 in CsX). During the next 5 weeks with TES-RT, BP declined in CsX-TRT (113 ± 1.3) and remained lower in CsX + LST (99 ± 0.4). DHT-RT reduced BP in CxS to a similar extent. In Tfm, CsX resulted in a similar rise in BP (109 ± 0.7 vs. 139 ± 0.4 mmHg), but TRT reduced BP more rapidly and to a greater extent (106 ± 2.8). rt-PCR of the kidney revealed that CsX increased expression of mRNA for renin (92%), ACE (58%), and AT1R (80%) compared to InT, while TES RT normalized expression of renin, AT1R, and ACE mRNA to levels of InT rats. Plasma renin levels exhibited changes similar to those observed for renin mRNA expression.

Conclusions
This is the first study to examine the long-term effects of endogenous and exogenous androgens on BP in male SD and Tfm rats. These data reveal that endogenous androgens (TES) exert anti-hypertensive effects that appear to involve non-genomic and possibly genomic mechanism(s), resulting in reductions in RAS expression in the kidney and enhanced systemic vasodilation.
Epidemiology of tuberculosis in Sabah, Malaysia, 2012–2018
Authors: Goroh Michelle May D. , Rajahram Giri Shan , Avoi Richard , Van Den Boogaard Christel H. A. , William Timothy , Ralph Anna P. , Lowbridge Christopher 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Tuberculosis (TB) is of high public health importance in Malaysia. Sabah State, located on the island of Borneo, has previously reported a particularly high burden of disease and faces unique contextual challenges compared with peninsular Malaysia. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology of TB in Sabah to identify risk groups and hotspots of TB transmission.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of TB cases notified in Sabah, Malaysia, between 2012 and 2018. Using data from the state’s ‘myTB’ notification database, we calculated the case notification rate and described trends in the epidemiology, diagnostic practices and treatment outcomes of TB in Sabah within this period. The Chi-squared test was used for determining the difference between two proportions.

Results
Between 2012 and 2018 there were 33 193 cases of TB reported in Sabah (128 cases per 100 000 population). We identified several geographic hotspots, including districts with > 200 cases per 100 000 population per year. TB rates increased with age and were highest in older males. Children < 15 years accounted for only 4.6% of cases. Moderate or advanced disease on chest X-ray and sputum smear positivity was high (58 and 81% of cases respectively), suggesting frequent late diagnosis. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) TB prevalence was low (0.3% of TB cases), however, rapid diagnostic test coverage was low (1.2%) and only 18% of all cases had a positive culture result. Treatment success was 83% (range: 81–85%) in those with drug-sensitive TB and 36% (range: 25–45%) in cases of MDR-TB.

Conclusion
Between 2012 and 2018, TB notifications in Sabah State equated to 20% of Malaysia’s total TB notifications, despite Sabah representing only 10% of Malaysia’s population. We found hotspots of TB in urbanised population hubs and points of migration, as well as evidence of late presentation and diagnosis. Ensuring universal health coverage and expansion of GeneXpert® coverage is recommended to reduce barriers to care and early diagnosis and treatment for TB.
A genetic predictive model for precision treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with early progression
Authors: Ma Jialin , Yan Zheng , Zhang Jiuyang , Zhou Wenping , Yao Zhihua , Wang Haiying , Chu Junfeng , Yao Shuna , Zhao Shuang , Zhang Peipei , Xu Yuanlin , Xia Qingxin , Ma Jie , Wei Bing , Yang Shujun , Liu Kangdong , Guo Yongjun , Liu Yanyan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Early progression after the first-line R-CHOP treatment leads to a very dismal outcome and necessitates alternative treatment for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This study aimed to develop a genetic predictive model for early progression and evaluate its potential in advancing alternative treatment.

Methods
Thirty-two hotspot driver genes were examined in 145 DLBCL patients and 5 DLBCL cell lines using next-generation sequencing. The association of clinical features, cell-of-origin, double expression, positive p53 protein, and gene alterations with early progression was analyzed, and the genetic predictive model was developed based on the related independent variables and assessed by the area under receiver operating characteristic. The potential of novel treatment based on the modeling was investigated in in-vitro DLBCL cell lines and in vivo xenograft mouse models.

Results
The frequency of CD79B (42.86% vs 9.38%, p = 0.000) and PIM1 mutations (38.78% vs 17.71%, p = 0.005) showed a significant increase in patients with early progression. CD79B and PIM1 mutations were associated with complex genetic events, double expression, non-GCB subtype, advance stage and unfavorable prognosis. A powerful genetic predictive model (AUROC = 0.771, 95% CI: 0.689–0.853) incorporating lactate dehydrogenase levels (OR = 2.990, p = 0.018), CD79B mutations (OR = 5.970, p = 0.001), and PIM1 mutations (OR = 3.021, p = 0.026) was created and verified in the other cohort. This modeling for early progression outperformed the prediction accuracy of conventional International Prognostic Index, and new molecular subtypes of MCD and Cluster 5. CD79B and PIM1 mutations indicated a better response to inhibitors of BTK (ibrutinib) and pan-PIM kinase (AZD 1208) through repressing activated oncogenic signaling. Since the two inhibitors failed to decrease BCL2 level, BCL2 inhibitor (venetoclax) was added and demonstrated to enhance their apoptosis-inducing activity in mutant cells with double expression.

Conclusions
The genetic predictive model provides a robust tool to identify early progression and determine precision treatment. These findings warrant the development of optimal alternative treatment in clinical trials.