bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol enhances the antimicrobial effect of polymyxin B on Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates with polymyxin B resistance
Authors: Liu Li , Yu Jingyi , Shen Xiaofei , Cao Xingwei , Zhan Qing , Guo Yinjuan , Yu Fangyou 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections are a serious threat to human health due to the lack of effective treatments. In this study, we selected 50 Gram-negative bacterial strains, including 26 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 24 strains of Escherichia coli, to explore whether resveratrol and polymyxin B have a synergistic killing effect.

Results
MIC values against polymyxin B were ≥ 4 μg/mL for 44 of the strains and were 2 μg/mL for the other 6 strains. MICs against polymyxin B in the isolates tested were significantly reduced by the addition of resveratrol. The degree of decline depended on the bacteria, ranging from 1/2 MIC to 1/512 MIC, and the higher the concentration of resveratrol, the greater the decrease. Checkerboard analysis indicated a synergistic effect between resveratrol and polymyxin B; the optimal drug concentration for different bacteria was different, that of resveratrol ranging from 32 μg/mL to 128 μg/mL. Subsequent time-kill experiments showed that a combination of polymyxin B and resveratrol was more effective in killing bacteria.

Conclusions
Our in vitro studies have shown that resveratrol can increase the sensitivity of MDR bacterial strains to polymyxin B, suggesting a potential new approach to the treatment of MDR infections.
“One-stop shop”: safety and efficacy of combining atrial septal defect occlusion and left atrial appendage closure for patients with atrial septal defect and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Zhang Zhi-hui , Yao Qing , Huang Hai-yun , Zhu Ping , Xu Xiang , Song Zhi-Yuan , Li Hua-kang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
One-stop occlusion, which is defined as the combination of atrial septal defect [ASD] or patent foramen ovale [PFO] occlusion and left atrial appendage [LAA] closure, in patients with ASD/PFO and atrial fibrillation (AF) has not yet been investigated systematically. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of one-stop occlusion in the treatment of adult patients with ASD/PFO and AF.

Methods
Inpatients with AF and ASD/PFO were recruited between August 2014 and April 2019. Preoperatively, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) were conducted to identify the ASD/PFO size and margin, presence of thrombus in the LAA, and LAA orifice width and depth at 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135°. After confirmation of the indications of LAA closure (LAAC) and ASD/PFO occlusion, the procedures were performed simultaneously under general anesthesia. Oral anticoagulants were administered for 45–60 days, followed with regular evaluation of TTE and TEE.

Results
Forty-nine patients (age, 65.6 ± 9.6 years) were recruited in this study, including 24 patients with ASD and 25 patients with PFO. They were treated with LAAC and ASD/PFO occlusion successfully. The mean ASD size and mean diameter of the ASD occluders were 14.2 ± 7.7 and 25.4 ± 8.5 mm, respectively. The mean PFO size was 3.5 ± 0.4 mm. The mean maximal LAA orifice width and depth were 20.5 ± 3.4 and 28.3 ± 3.6 mm, respectively. All patients were implanted with a Watchman device (diameter, 27.1 ± 2.9 mm). Postoperatively, all patients took anticoagulants orally for 45–60 days, and their mean postoperative follow-up duration was 29.0 ± 12.1 months. Postoperative TEE showed that all had normal positioning of the LAA and ASD/PFO occluders. At 45–60 days after operation, TEE showed that the LAA and ASD/PFO occluder were in the normal position; however, two patients who took warfarin and novel oral anticoagulants, respectively, have developed occluder thrombosis. After adjusted anticoagulant therapy, TEE showed that the thrombus disappeared at 6 months after operation.

Conclusion
One-stop occlusion is safe and effective for the treatment of adult patients with ASD/PFO and AF. It is also feasible to administer warfarin or novel oral anticoagulants after operation.
Pooling for SARS-CoV-2 control in care institutions
Authors: Cabrera Alvargonzalez Jorge Julio , Rey Cao Sonia , Pérez Castro Sonia , Martinez Lamas Lucía , Cores Calvo Olaia , Torres Piñon Julio , Porteiro Fresco Jacobo , Garcia Comesaña Julio , Regueiro Garcia Benito 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Workers and residents in Care Homes are considered at special risk for the acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 infection, due to the infectivity and high mortality rate in the case of residents, compared to other containment areas. The role of presymptomatic people in transmission has been shown to be important and the early detection of these people is critical for the control of new outbreaks. Pooling strategies have proven to preserve SARS-CoV-2 testing resources.
The aims of the present study, based in our local experience, were (a) to describe SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in institutionalized people in Galicia (Spain) during the Coronavirus pandemic and (b) to evaluate the expected performance of a pooling strategy using RT-PCR for the next rounds of screening of institutionalized people.

Methods
A total of 25,386 Nasopharyngeal swab samples from the total of the residents and workers at Care Homes in Galicia (March to May 2020) were individually tested using RT-PCR. Prevalence and quantification cycle (Cq) value distribution of positives was calculated. Besides, 26 pools of 20 samples and 14 pools of 5 samples were tested using RT-PCR as well (1 positive/pool). Pooling proof of concept was performed in two populations with 1.7 and 2% prevalence.

Results
Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 infection at Care Homes was uneven (0–60%). As the virus circulation global rate was low in our area (3.32%), the number of people at risk of acquiring the infection continues to be very high. In this work, we have successfully demonstrated that pooling of different groups of samples at low prevalence clusters, can be done with a small average delay on Cq values (5 and 2.85 cycles for pools of 20 and 5 samples, respectively).

Conclusions
A new screening system with guaranteed protection is required for small clusters, previously covered with individual testing. Our proposal for Care Homes, once prevalence zero is achieved, would include successive rounds of testing using a pooling solution for transmission control preserving testing resources. Scale-up of this method may be of utility to confront larger clusters to avoid the viral circulation and keeping them operative.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura developed during the conservative treatment of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody-positive idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a case report
Authors: Iio Rei , Akiyama Shin’ichi , Mitsumoto Kensuke , Iwata Yukimasa , Okushima Hiroki , Shimada Karin , Ota Naomi , Tomida Kodo , Fushimi Hiroaki , Shoji Tatsuya , Matsumoto Masanori , Hayashi Terumasa 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Idiopathic membranous nephropathy (MN) is one of the major glomerulonephritis that cause nephrotic syndrome. The phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) has recently been identified as an endogenous antigen of idiopathic MN. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a disorder characterized by schistocytes, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and organ dysfunction which occurs as a result of thrombi. Patients with acquired TTP have autoantibodies against a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif 13 (ADAMTS13). These autoantibodies act as an inhibitor and cause ADAMTS13 deficiency. Idiopathic MN and acquired TTP are usually considered as independent autoimmune diseases. We experienced a patient who developed TTP during the conservative treatment of idiopathic MN, with the coexistence of ADAMTS13 inhibitor and anti-PLA2R antibody.

Case presentation
A 73-year-old man presented with thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, disturbance of consciousness, and acute kidney injury after 4-year course of biopsy-proven idiopathic MN. ADAMTS13 activity was undetectable and the ADAMTS13 inhibitor was identified. Additionally, he was positive for anti-PLA2R antibody. The patient did not have any diseases that could cause secondary thrombotic microangiopathy, and he was diagnosed with acquired TTP. Steroid therapy and plasma exchange were initiated and the acquired TTP resolved. MN achieved remission 3 months after the anti-PLA2R antibody disappeared.

Conclusions
This is the first reported case of acquired TTP developed during conservative treatment of idiopathic MN, with both ADAMTS13 inhibitor and anti-PLA2R antibody positive at the onset of the TTP. The present case suggests that idiopathic MN might be associated with the development of some cases of acquired TTP.
Endometrial scratch vs no intervention in egg donation cycles: the ENDOSCRATCH trial protocol
Authors: Izquierdo Alexandra , de la Fuente Laura , Spies Katharina , Rayward Jennifer , López Lourdes , Lora David , Galindo Alberto 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe effects of endometrial scratching (ES) on embryo implantation have been studied for many years. Several studies have shown better outcomes when performed on patients undergoing intrauterine insemination and in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, but many other reports have not been able to find these differences. As far as cycles with donor eggs are concerned, reported evidence is scarce. Our aim in this trial is to determine if ES is useful for those patients undergoing IVF cycles with donor eggs, in order to assure a greater homogeneity in embryo quality and endometrial preparation.MethodsThis single centre randomized controlled trial will include patients undergoing an egg donation cycle, meeting the inclusion criteria and who accept to participate in the study. Once informed consent is signed, patients will be randomly allocated to the study arm (group A) and then receive ES in the luteal phase of the cycle prior to embryo transfer, or the control arm (group B) without any intervention. All cycle data will be collected and analyzed to obtain the clinical pregnancy and the live birth rates in the two groups.DiscussionSeveral studies have tried to determine the effectiveness of an ES in IVF cycles, but it is still unclear due to the heterogeneity of these reports. The aim of this study is to determine if there are differences in clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate in egg donor cycles, when comparing an ES performed in the preceding luteal phase versus no intervention, given that embryo quality and endometrial preparation protocols will be comparable.Trial registrationEthical approval of version 2.0 of this trial was obtained on the 13th January 2017. It was retrospectively registered on the 5th April 2017 as the ENDOSCRATCH Trial (NCT03108157) in ClinicalTrials.gov.
Fetal double aortic arch: prenatal sonographic and postnatal computed tomography angiography features, associated abnormalities and clinical outcomes
Authors: Guo Qiao , Kong Yifan , Zeng Shi , Zhou Jiawei , Wang Xiaofang , Shang Quanliang , Zhou Jia , Yuan Hongxia , Wang Ling , Tong Lili , Yi Aijiao , Zhou Qichang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Fetal double aortic arch (DAA) malformation is a rare congenital heart disease with few reported cases in the literature. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of prenatal ultrasound and postnatal computed tomography angiography (CTA) of DAA and to describe the associated anomalies and clinical outcomes to improve prenatal diagnosis and assist in perinatal management.

Methods
The obstetric ultrasound imaging databases of seven tertiary referral centers were reviewed retrospectively to identify fetuses with a prenatal diagnosis of DAA between January 2013 and December 2018. Ultrasonographic findings, associated anomalies, genetic abnormalities, postnatal CTA images, and long-term postnatal outcomes were evaluated.

Results
A total of 36 cases out of 40 prenatally diagnosed DAA fetuses were confirmed by postnatal diagnosis (fetal autopsy, CTA, and surgery). In this cohort of 36 confirmed cases, 24 (67%) were isolated anomalies, while 12 (33%) were associated with intracardiac or extracardiac anomalies, and 2 (6%) had a 22q11.2 chromosome deletion. Among nine cases of pregnancy termination with a fetal autopsy, 7 had other abnormalities. Among the remaining 27 live births, 16 (59%) were asymptomatic and 11 (41%) received surgical treatment due to tracheal or esophageal compression symptoms, all with satisfactory outcomes. Prenatal echocardiography showed that DAA was mainly characterized by a bifurcation of the ascending aorta into the right and left aortic arch and the formation of a complete O-shaped vascular ring around the trachea on the three-vessel tracheal view. A variant in the aortic arch branching pattern was found for the first time. The airway obstruction, branching pattern, and atretic arch of DAA were clearly shown by postnatal CTA.

Conclusions
Fetal DAA has unique features on prenatal echocardiography and postnatal CTA, and systematic prenatal examination and timely postnatal CTA evaluation are required. A certain proportion of intracardiac and extracardiac abnormalities are associated with DAA, but the probability of chromosome abnormalities is low, especially for isolated DAA.The clinical outcomes of isolated DAA are favorable, even if surgery is performed due to symptoms. Determining whether other malformations or chromosomal anomalies exist is crucial for prognosis evaluation and prenatal counseling.
ECCDIA: an interactive web tool for the comprehensive analysis of clinical and survival data of esophageal cancer patients
Authors: Yang Jingcheng , Shang Jun , Song Qian , Yang Zuyi , Chen Jianing , Yu Ying , Shi Leming 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Esophageal cancer (EC) is considered as one of the deadliest malignancies with respect to incidence and mortality rate, and numerous risk factors may affect the prognosis of EC patients. For better understanding of the risk factors associated with the onset and prognosis of this malignancy, we develop an interactive web-based tool for the convenient analysis of clinical and survival characteristics of EC patients.

Methods
The clinical data were obtained from The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Seven analysis and visualization modules were built with Shiny.

Results
The Esophageal Cancer Clinical Data Interactive Analysis (ECCDIA, http://webapps.3steps.cn/ECCDIA/) was developed to provide basic data analysis, visualization, survival analysis, and nomogram of the overall group and subgroups of 77,273 EC patients recorded in SEER. The basic data analysis modules contained distribution analysis of clinical factor ratios, Sankey plot analysis for relationships between clinical factors, and a map for visualizing the distribution of clinical factors. The survival analysis included Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis and Cox analysis for different subgroups of EC patients. The nomogram module enabled clinicians to precisely predict the survival probability of different subgroups of EC patients.

Conclusion
ECCDIA provides clinicians with an interactive prediction and visualization tool for visualizing invaluable clinical and prognostic information of individual EC patients, further providing useful information for better understanding of esophageal cancer.
Dietary macro- and micro-nutrients intake adequacy at 6th and 12th month post-bariatric surgery
Authors: Ziadlou Maryam , Hosseini-Esfahani Firoozeh , Mozaffari Khosravi Hassan , Hosseinpanah Farhad , Barzin Maryam , Khalaj Alireza , Valizadeh Majid 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Bariatric surgery (BS) is considered as an effective solution to control morbid obesity. Food restrictions resulting from the operation may decrease dietary nutrient intakes, particularly during the first year after BS. This study mainly aimed to assess the adequacy of dietary nutrient intakes at 6th and 12th month after BS.

Method
Of the severely obese participants in the Tehran obesity treatment study in 2015–2016, 58 patients undergoing Roux-En-Y gastric bypass (N = 16) or sleeve gastrectomy (N = 42) were selected from Tehran Obesity Treatment Center. To assess the patients’ dietary intake, a three-day, 24-h dietary recall was obtained on three unscheduled days (two non-consecutive weekdays and one weekend day) at 6th and 12th month after BS. To evaluate the adequacy of nutrient intake, the patients’ intakes were compared to the current dietary reference intakes (DRIs), including estimated average requirements (EAR) or Adequate Intakes (AI).

Results
The mean age of the participants (71% women) undergoing BS was 37 ± 8 years. Anthropometric parameters significantly decreased at the 12th month after BS. The percentage of energy from carbohydrate intake increased significantly between the 6th and 12th month after BS (P = 0.04). The mean ± SD of protein intake was lower than the recommended dosage with a dramatic decrease from 45 ± 30 to 31 ± 15 (g/day) between the two intervals (P = 0.001). The mean intake of saturated fatty acid (SFA) decreased dramatically (P < 0.001) from 6 to 12 month; however, the median intake of n3-polyunsaturated fatty acid (n3-PUFA) intake increased (P = 0.02). None of the participants showed nutrient intake adequacy in terms of biotin, fat soluble vitamins, pantothenic acid, potassium, and zinc. Moreover, less than 10% of the participants showed nutrient intake adequacy in terms of folate, magnesium, manganese, and calcium according to DRIs during the both intervals after BS.

Conclusion
Bariatric surgery can reduce dietary intakes, which is more obvious 12 months after the surgery. Out of 21 micronutrients, nearly all could not met the EAR and were received < 50%, also had significant reduction from the 6th to12th month after surgery.
Prevalence and patterns of gender-based violence across adolescent girls and young women in Mombasa, Kenya
Authors: Bhattacharjee Parinita , Ma Huiting , Musyoki Helgar , Cheuk Eve , Isac Shajy , Njiraini Margaret , Gichangi Peter , Mishra Sharmistha , Becker Marissa , Pickles Michael 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
We sought to estimate the prevalence and describe heterogeneity in experiences of gender-based violence (GBV) across subgroups of adolescent girls and young women (AGYW).

Methods
We used data from a cross-sectional bio-behavioural survey among 1299 AGYW aged 14–24 in Mombasa, Kenya in 2015. Respondents were recruited from hotspots associated with sex work, and self-selected into one of three subgroups: young women engaged in casual sex (YCS), young women engaged in transactional sex (YTS), and young women engaged in sex work (YSW). We compared overall and across subgroups: prevalence of lifetime and recent (within previous year) self-reported experience of physical, sexual, and police violence; patterns and perpetrators of first and most recent episode of physical and sexual violence; and factors associated with physical and sexual violence.

Results
The prevalences of lifetime and recent physical violence were 18.0 and 10.7% respectively. Lifetime and recent sexual violence respectively were reported by 20.5 and 9.8% of respondents. Prevalence of lifetime and recent experience of police violence were 34.7 and 25.8% respectively. All forms of violence were most frequently reported by YSW, followed by YTS and then YCS. 62%/81% of respondents reported having sex during the first episode of physical/sexual violence, and 48%/62% of those sex acts at first episode of physical/sexual violence were condomless. In the most recent episode of violence when sex took place levels of condom use remained low at 53–61%. The main perpetrators of violence were intimate partners for YCS, and both intimate partners and regular non-client partners for YTS. For YSW, first-time and regular paying clients were the main perpetrators of physical and sexual violence. Alcohol use, ever being pregnant and regular source of income were associated with physical and sexual violence though it differed by subgroup and type of violence.

Conclusions
AGYW in these settings experience high vulnerability to physical, sexual and police violence. However, AGYW are not a homogeneous group, and there are heterogeneities in prevalence and predictors of violence between subgroups of AGYW that need to be understood to design effective programmes to address violence.
Characterization of total adenosine deaminase activity (ADA) and its isoenzymes in saliva and serum in health and inflammatory conditions in four different species: an analytical and clinical validation pilot study
Authors: Contreras-Aguilar María Dolores , Tvarijonaviciute Asta , Monkeviciene Ingrida , Martín-Cuervo María , González-Arostegui Luis Guillermo , Franco-Martínez Lorena , Cerón José Joaquín , Tecles Fernando , Escribano Damián 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundMeasurement of adenosine deaminase (ADA) can provide information about cell-mediated immunity. This report’s objective was to study the enzymatic activity of total ADA (tADA) and its isoenzymes ADA1 and ADA2 in canine, equine, porcine, and bovine serum and saliva and their changes in different inflammatory situations in each species. Besides, an automated method for ADA2 measurement was developed and validated.ResultstADA was present in serum and saliva of healthy animals of the four species. Erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl) adenine (EHNA) concentration of 0.47 mM was needed for ADA1 inhibition in canine and porcine samples (serum and saliva) and bovine saliva, whereas for equine saliva 0.94 mM was needed. ADA2 activity was not detected in bovine serum and was very low or absent in equine serum and bovine saliva. An automated procedure to measure ADA2 consisting of adding EHNA to a commercial reagent for tADA measurement provided repetitive (coefficients of variation < 8.8% in serum and < 10% in saliva) and accurate (linearity of serial sample dilutions withR2 > 0.90) results, being equivalent to a manual incubation of the sample with EHNA at a similar concentration. Salivary tADA, as well as ADA1 and ADA2, were higher in dogs with leishmaniosis, horses with acute abdominal disease and pigs with lameness than in healthy animals. tADA and isoenzymes in saliva showed a positive significant correlation with serum ferritin in dogs (r = 0.602,P < 0.01;r = 0.555,P < 0.05; andr = 0.632,P < 0.01; respectively for tADA, ADA1 and ADA2) and serum C-reactive protein in pigs (r = 0.700,P < 0.01, for both tADA and ADA1;r = 0.770,P < 0.001, for ADA2), whereas salivary ADA2 significantly correlated with serum amyloid A in horses (r = 0.649,P < 0.01). In cows, salivary tADA and ADA1 significantly increased after calving, correlating with total white blood cell count (r = 0.487,P < 0.05, for both tADA and ADA1).ConclusionsThe activity of total ADA and its different isoenzymes, can be measured in serum and saliva of dogs, horses, pigs and cows by a simple and fast procedure described in this report. When measured in saliva, these analytes correlated with other biomarkers of inflammation and it could potentially be used as a biomarkers of inflammation and immune activation in the species of this study.