bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR-338-3p attenuates oxaliplatin resistance in gastric cancer cells via targeting thrombospondin-1
Authors: Lin Yueying , Sun Dali , Xu Qingwen , Li Yijun , Sun Yanbo , Li Shumin , Cen Yunyun , Sun Feng 
Published: August 2020

IntroductionOxaliplatin resistance (OR) as a poor prognostic factor is closely associated with gastric cancer (GC) recurrence and metastasis. The present study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism underlying oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy resistance of GC.Material and methodsTwo acquired OR strains (BGC-823-OR and MGC-803-OR) were generated by long-term oxaliplatin induction. Cell viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion were evaluated using CCK-8, TUNEL staining and transwell assay, respectively. THBS1 as a direct target of miR-338-3p was validated using the bioinformatics algorithm and luciferase reporter assay. qRT-PCR and western blotting were used to measure gene and protein expression, respectively.ResultsmiR-338-3p was significantly down-regulated, and THBS1 protein level was significantly up-regulated in BGC-823-OR and MGC-803-OR cells compared with parental cell lines. Overexpression of miR-338-3p elevated oxaliplatin sensitivity in BGC-823-OR and MGC-803-OR cells. In addition, we revealed that THBS1 was a direct target of miR-338-3p. Overexpression of miR-338-3p or silence of THBS1 inhibited growth, migration and invasion and promoted apoptosis in BGC-823-OR and MGC-803-OR cells.ConclusionsmiR-338-3p appeared to obtund oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy resistance of GC cells by repression of THBS1. The miR-338-3p/ THBS1 signaling axis might be a prospective therapeutic target to mitigate chemotherapy resistance in GC.
Long-term survival of carotid stenting patients with
regard to single- or double-vessel carotid artery
disease: a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Veselka Josef , Hajek Petr , Štěchovský Cyril , Horváth Martin , Adlová Radka , Roland Robert , Homolová Ingrid , Hansvenclová Eva , Zimolová Petra 
Published: August 2020

IntroductionThere is lack of long-term data outside of controlled clinical trials in carotid artery stenting (CAS). In this study, we compared the short-term outcome, long-term survival, and rate of re-interventions for restenosis in patients after CAS, related to the extent of carotid atherosclerosis classified as single-vessel (unilateral) or double-vessel (bilateral) carotid artery disease.Material and methodsWe retrospectively evaluated 599 patients with significant carotid artery stenosis, who underwent 763 CAS procedures, and used the propensity score to match 226 pairs (452 patients) in the single- or double-vessel carotid disease.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the occurrence of in-hospital major adverse events (3.5% vs. 3.1% of patients in the double-vessel carotid group vs. the single-vessel carotid group; p = 1) The mean follow-up was 6.1 ±4.0 years, and a total of 181 (40%) deaths occurred during 2759 patient-years, which translates into 7.8 and 5.3 deaths per 100 patient-years in the double-vessel carotid group and the single-vessel carotid group, respectively (p < 0.01). The survival in the double-vessel carotid group vs. the single-vessel carotid group at 10 years was 46% (95% CI: 38–54%) vs. 55% (95% CI: 47–63%) (p < 0.01). Twenty-four (11%) patients and 6 (3%) patients underwent re-interventions for restenosis in the double-vessel and the single-vessel carotid disease group, respectively (p < 0.01).ConclusionsPatients with CAS and significant double-vessel carotid artery disease had similar peri-procedural risk, but had a worse long-term survival, and a higher rate of re-interventions for restenosis compared to the single-vessel carotid artery disease patients.
Drip loss assessment by EZ and bag methods and their relationship with pH value and color in mutton
Authors: Kaić Ana , Kasap Ante , Širić Ivan , Mioč Boro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Drip loss, pH value, and color are among the important traits that
determine meat quality. Contrary to pH and color, the method associated with
drip loss is not yet standardized, and literature data are difficult to
compare. Besides, to our knowledge, there is no research comparing drip loss
methods and their relation with pH and color in mutton. This study aimed to
assess drip loss measurements in mutton taken by different methods (EZ and
bag – BM) and their relationship with pH values and color. Mutton samples
(Musculus longissimus thoracis et lumborum) originating from 20 ewes of Istrian sheep were used to examine the effect
of the method on drip loss after 24 h (EZ24 vs. BM24) and 48 h
(EZ48 vs. BM48). Furthermore, correlations between drip
loss, pH value, and color were analyzed. The statistical analysis was
conducted in R programming environment by using different packages. Within
the EZ method there was no significant difference (p>0.05)
between ventral and dorsal sample cores used for the assessment of EZ drip
loss. Drip loss measured with the same method at two different points of
time (24 and 48 h) differed significantly (p<0.001). There was
also a significant difference in drip loss determined by different methods
(EZ vs. BM) at the same point of time. There were significant (p<0.05) correlations between pH45 min and all color parameters (L*4,
a*, b*). The L*, a*, and b* parameters were highly correlated (p<0.001). The strongest correlation occurred between a* and b* parameter
(r=0.93). Correlations between drip loss by EZ method and other meat
quality attributes were low and not significant. The b* parameter correlated
with BM24 (r=0.46) and BM48 (r=0.58), while a* correlated only
with BM48 (r=0.50). The correlations between the EZ24 and
BM24 as well as between the EZ48 and BM48 were both non-significant
(p>0.05). Drip loss cannot be predicted with sufficient accuracy
by using pH and color. EZ and BM method in mutton do not provide equivalent
results for measuring drip loss. Comparisons of the results obtained with
different methods should be avoided or at least performed with great
precaution.
الآلياتُ القانونية لحماية حقِّ المساهمين في
الأموال الاحتياطية
دراسة مقارنة بين القانون الجزائري والقانون الفرنسي
Authors: أمين د.بن قادة محمود 
Published: August 2020

مُلخَّص

يُعتبر المال الاحتياطي مبالغ مقتطعة من الأرباح الصافية، تُوضع تحت تصرّف الجمعية العامة
لاستخدامها في الأغراض التي يحدِّدها القانون، أو القانون الأساسي للشركة، أو القرار الصادر
عنها.
وينقسم المال الاحتياطي إلى ثلاثة أنواع؛ احتياطي قانوني واحتياطي نظامي أو تأسيسي واحتياطي حر.
ونظرًا إلى أن الاحتياطات أرباح غير موزَّعة، فإنها تعتبر حقًا للمساهمين الموجودين في
الشركة وقت تحقيقها، الأمر الذي قد ينجم عنه -حال زيادة رأس مال الشركة أو قيامها
بعملية الإدماج بابتلاع شركة أخرى- مساسٌ بحقوق المساهمين القدامى، نتيجة انضمام
مساهمين جُدد يزاحمونهم في اقتسام تلك الاحتياطات التي هي في حقيقة الأمر أرباح غير
مُوزَّعة.
ولتفادي مثل هذه النتيجة وحماية حقوق المساهمين القدامى، أوجد المشرِّع آليتين؛ الأولى
حق الأولوية والأفضلية في الاكتتاب بأسهم زيادة رأس المال التي تصدرها الشركة بمناسبة
زيادة رأسمالها، والثانية علاوة الإصدار أو الإدماج.
Uma nova paisagem açucareira: os técnicos versus os modos tradicionais de produzir açúcar na Argentina e no Brasil nas primeiras décadas do século XX
Authors: Meira Roberta Barros , Campi Daniel 
Published: August 2020

O trabalho é uma pequena introdução sobre o papel dos técnicos na circulação de saberes nos espaços açucareiros. Nele, destacamos os trabalhos do engenheiro agrícola Pablo Lavenir El cultivo de la caña y la elaboración del azúcar en las províncias de Tucumán, Salta Y Jujuy (1901) e do engenheiro Augusto Ramos A indústria do açúcar em São Paulo (1902). O uso da História da Ciência nos permite perceber nessas obras não apenas os fatores de expansão da produção açucareira em áreas até então consumidoras ou secundárias. Mas, que a ciência que gerenciou os novos modelos de produção açucareira, resultou em uma cruzada contra os antigos métodos de cultivo e fabrico do açúcar e a favor de um ambicioso projeto de fortalecimento de uma recém-criada cultura açucareira científica e seus novos atores.
PAYING JUDGES: WHY, WHO, WHOM, HOW MUCH? NEILL LECTURE 2006
Authors: Beloff QC Michael J 
Published: August 2020

My Lords, Ladies and Gentlemen, it is a great privilege for me to be invited to deliver the 5th Neill Lecture following in the footsteps of such legal giants of our time as Lord Bingham of Cornhill, Lord Woolf of Barnes, Lord Steyn and Lord Hoffman, just as the page followed in the footsteps of Good King Wenceslas in the snowy wastes of Bohemia. After four aces the Fellows of All Souls have clearly opted to play the Joker.Pat Neill, the honorand, is fit to be ranked with Tom and Harry, not to speak of Johann and Lenny, in the annals of the law although he abstained from taking judicial appointment in this country. Instead, like a modern Pooh Bear, he became Lord High everything else, notably – I make a judicious selection - Warden of All Souls, Vice Chancellor of Oxford University, Chairman of the Press Council, Chairman of the Committee of Standards in Public Life and Treasurer of Gray’s Inn.
EVANS v UNITED KINGDOM (APPLICATION NO. 6339/05) 7 MARCH 2006
Authors: Welstead Mary 
Published: August 2020

A Woman’s Right to Motherhood?In 2000, a 29 year-old woman, Natallie Evans, and her partner, Howard Johnston who was aged 24, attended the Bath Assisted Conception Clinic, England to be treated together for infertility problems. During the course of the treatment, Natallie and Howard learned that she required an operation to remove her ovaries because of the presence of pre-cancerous tumours. The tumours were slow growing and she was informed that it would be possible to extract eggs from her ovaries prior to surgery, which could be fertilized in vitro (commonly known as IVF), providing she acted rapidly. The resultant embryos could be frozen for implantation at a later date.
CIVIL LAW JURISDICTIONS AND THE ENGLISH TRUST IDEA: LOST IN TRANSLATION?
Authors: Sheedy James 
Published: August 2020

This piece is a short discussion on the English; and more widely the common law concept of the trust and its traditional exclusion from civil law systems. It seeks to unearth that the apparent distaste civil law systems have for the common law trust is rooted in each system’s respective attitude to rights in property and at least some degree of mistranslation. This apparent gulf in understanding can be bridged by incorporating the trust into the more ancient Roman law concept of the patrimony, thereby making the trust sit more comfortably in civil law jurisdictions. In bridging the divide, this new appreciation for the trust challenges us as common lawyers to reconsider the traditional common law premise of the trust as being less about proprietary interest as it is about personal rights and obligations.
RAISING OUR HEADS ABOVE THE PARAPET? SOCIETAL ATTITUDES TO ASSISTED SUICIDE AND CONSIDERATION OF THE NEED FOR LAW REFORM IN ENGLAND AND WALES
Authors: Dyer Karen 
Published: August 2020

Death has been described as the last taboo. It is unsurprising therefore that those individuals who openly proclaim to desire death find themselves headline news. In October 2008, Debbie Purdy, who suffers with multiple sclerosis, challenged the legality of the failure of the Director of Public Prosecutions to issue guidance as to the circumstances in which individuals will or will not be prosecuted for assisting another person to commit suicide. The judgment was pronounced barely two weeks after injured rugby player Dan James travelled with his parents to Switzerland, to secure his death with the help of the local group, Diginitas. James was reportedly the youngest of the 100 Britons who have travelled to Dignitas to find the ‘sanctuary of death.’ However, Sky TV’s screening of the assisted death of Craig Ewert in December was no doubt the most controversial event of the year in this respect.
ACADEMIC FREEDOM – RHETORIC OR REALITY?
Authors: Beloff QC Michael J 
Published: August 2020

Academic freedom is a concept that has a particular significance in a University, not least in a University, which, uniquely in a British context, prides itself on its independence from the State. My interest in academic freedom was sparked by a set of instructions received in this instance from the Government of Hong Kong. The issue in the prospective litigation was relatively simple. The Department of Education had planned some reforms. As is no more unusual in Hong Kong than it is in England, the proposals met with vocal opposition from certain academics. A senior civil servant telephoned the head of the faculty of the Hong Kong institution of Education, the focus of the controversy and – it was asserted and indeed found by a Commission of Inquiry (“the Commission”) established to investigate the affair – suggested that the turbulent teachers be disciplined.
“A VIEW FROM THE BAR”
Authors: Beloff QC Michael J 
Published: August 2020

THE TENTH SIR DAVID WILLIAMS LECTURE (TFV) DELIVERED ATLAW FACULTY: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITYON 21ST MAY 2010The sense of privilege that I feel in being invited to deliver this lecture is tempered by my sadness that the distinguished lawyer, in whose honour it was founded, is no longer with us.
PRIVACY, SUPERINJUNCTIONS AND ANONYMITY “SELLING MY STORY WILL SORT MY LIFE OUT”
Authors: Pearce Robert 
Published: August 2020

In March 2010 Adakini Ntuli sent Howard Donald a text message in which she said: “Why shud I continue 2 suffer financially 4 the sake of loyalty when selling my story will sort my life out?” We do not know what her story was because Mr Donald, a member of the pop band Take That, obtained a superinjunction forbidding both publication of her story and disclosure of the existence of the injunction. The Court of Appeal later allowed the parties to be named, but not the details of their relationship.
LORD DENNING, MAGNA CARTA AND MAGNANIMITY
Authors: Lee Simon 
Published: August 2020

Lord Denning’s assessment of Magna Carta at its 750th anniversary has stood the test of half a century: “the greatest constitutional document of all times—the foundation of the freedom of the individual against the arbitrary authority of the despot”. His longer, but still succinct, article for The Times for the same anniversary has not been bettered. Yet at the time of Magna Carta’s 800th anniversary we have lost sight of two other works of Lord Denning which could make a distinctive contribution to our current constitutional debates. Whereas Lord Neuberger has linked the real Magna Carta to the fictitious Holy Grail in an entertaining lecture on law and myth, for legal scholars the Holy Grail is a long lost text or case. An earlier essay identified the links between the opening clause of Magna Carta 1215 and s 13 of the Human Rights Act 1998 as worthy of rediscovery. This article presents two further candidates: a neglected lecture on Borrowing from Scotland by Lord Denning in 1961 and a neglected Court of Appeal decision in 1975 applying Magna Carta, in which Lord Denning presided as Master of the Rolls, R v Secretary of State for the Home Office, ex p Phansopkar.[6Between them, they can offer refreshing insights into contemporary constitutional controversies.
THE NIGERIAN SUPREME COURT AND THE POLITICAL QUESTION DOCTRINE
Authors: Solomon Ekokoi 
Published: August 2020

This paper examines the attitude of the Supreme Court of Nigeria towards the political question doctrine. It interrogates the decisions of the Court in selected landmark cases involving political questions since the First Republic to the Fourth Republic which commenced in 1999. The paper identifies three core approaches espoused by the Court in cases involving political questions – the deference approach, the necessity approach and the avoidance approach. This paper argues that in a constitutional democracy, it is inevitable – considering that the Court is both a political and a legal institution – that the Court, like in other jurisdictions such as Germany, India, South Africa and the United States, will be called upon to adjudicate cases involving political questions. As such, the paper recommends that the Court openly asserts the ‘politicality’ of its decisions, whether they are predicated on the need to defer to the political branches, exigency/necessity or to avoid the political questions brought before it.
Correlated Parlay Betting: An Analysis of Betting Market Profitability Scenarios in College Football
Authors: Davis Justin , Dawson Jarrod , Krieger Kevin 
Published: August 2020

In this paper we consider the case of potential “correlated parlays” in American college football wagering. The structure of college football games is such that games in which favorites prevail in “against-the-spread” (spread) bets are expected to be more likely to go over the posted “total” of the game. Using a longitudinal data set over the years from 2005-2015, our findings confirm this to be the case. However, to prevent bettors from utilizing this trend to profit in their wagers, many sportsbooks disallow some, or all, same-game parlay bets. Consequently, we find that sportsbooks have generally been too conservative in refusing such bets and have thus foregone profitability in the vast majority of betting situations. This analysis opens a new line of discussion in the area of sports market efficiency research – that of correlated parlay betting. We consider this case and present potential directions for future research.
THE POWER OF WAGERING ON POWER CONFERENCES
Authors: Krieger Kevin , Girdner Clay , Fodor Andy , Kirch David 
Published: August 2020

We study the perceived discrepancy between power conference and mid-major college football teams by examining outcomes of games when these teams face one another. We find that point spreads are set statistically irrationally in games where power conference teams play mid-major teams. We examine all regular season games from the 2002-2011 seasons and find power conference teams cover the spread in a majority of games when facing a mid-major team to an extent that results in profitability over a ten-year period. We find that consistently betting power conference teams will cover point spreads when facing mid-major teams’ results in a return of roughly 2.94% over these seasons. Taking into account Associated Press rankings, the size of point spreads, and the week of the season when games are played, results in even greater profits.
The Relationship between Sportsbook Volume, Forecast Accuracy, and Market Efficiency: The NFL and NCAA Football
Authors: Paul Rodney , Weinbach Andrew P. , Small Kenneth 
Published: August 2020

Using betting market volume data for the NFL and NCAA Football, we examine the role of betting volume as it relates to bettor biases, forecast accuracy, and volume-based betting market strategies. We find that betting volume has a statistically significant effect on the percentage bet on the favorite, but its impact is different between the two levels of football. Increased betting volume was shown to not have an impact on forecast accuracy in the sports. Simple betting simulations revealed that underdogs win more than implied by efficiency in low-volume NFL games, but other strategies did not reject market efficiency.
Bettor Habits When Point Spreads and Money lines are Offered on the Same Game: The NFL
Authors: Paul Rodney , Weinbach Andrew , Wilson Mark 
Published: August 2020

Bettor preferences and returns are examined in the NFL wagering market where both point spread and money line wagers are simultaneously offered. In both markets, the balanced book hypothesis can be soundly rejected, with bettors preferring favorites. Despite the clear difference in how a winning bet on the favorite is achieved in each market, the percentage bet on the favorite in both the point spread and money line markets correspond nearly one-to-one. Biases are most pronounced in certain subsets of the data, where betting against favorites on both the point spread and money line are shown to reject market efficiency.
Association of impaired fasting glucose and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with brain volume changes in Alzheimer’s Disease patients analyzed by MRI: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Weiwei , Wong Leongtim , Shi Lin , Luo Yishan , Liang Zhanhua , Dong Chunbo , Song Qingwei , Liu Tieli , Zhang Qing , Liu Ailian , Miao Yanwei , Wu Jianlin 
Published: August 2020

Objectives
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were reported associated with smaller brain volumes. Nevertheless, the association of hyperglycemia with brain volume changes in AD patients remains unclear. To investigate this issue, structural magnetic resonance imaging was used to compare brain volumes among AD patients with different fasting glucose levels.

Methods
Eighty-five AD patients were divided into three groups based on their fasting glucose level as suggested by the American Diabetes Association: normal fasting glucose group (AD_NFG, n = 45), AD_IFG group (n = 15), and AD_T2DM group (n = 25). Sagittal 3D T1-weighted images were obtained to calculate the brain volume. Brain parenchyma and 33 brain structures were automatically segmented. Each regional volume was analyzed among groups. For regions with statistical significance, partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate their relationships with fasting glucose level, corrected for Mini-Mental State Examination score, age, education level, cholesterol, triglyceride, and blood pressure.

Results
Compared with the AD_IFG and AD_NFG groups, the volume of pons in AD_T2DM group was significantly smaller. Fasting glucose was negatively correlated with pontine volume.

Conclusions
T2DM may exacerbate pontine atrophy in AD patients, and fasting glucose level is associated with pontine volume.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Targeted Literature Review of the Epidemiology, Current Treatment, and Disease Burden in the Asia Pacific Region
Authors: Tanaka Yoshiya , O'Neill Sean , Li Mengtao , Tsai I‐Ching , Yang Ya‐Wen 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveTo understand the epidemiology, current treatment, and disease burden of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in the Asia Pacific (APAC) region.MethodsA targeted literature review of published evidence on SLE in the APAC region was conducted, using the Medline database (2008–2018), conference proceedings, and other supplementary sources.ResultsThe current review identified 70 studies conducted in China (n = 15), Japan (n = 13), Taiwan (n = 12), Korea (n = 9), Australia (n = 7), Hong Kong (n = 6), Singapore (n = 4), and multiple places within the APAC region (n = 4). Incidence rates (per 100,000 persons per year) ranged from 0.9–8.4, while prevalence rates ranged from 3.7–127 (per 100,000 persons); however, recent data were limited. Asian patients with SLE were reported to have higher disease severity, disease activity (higher SLE disease activity index scores), and organ damage accrual, along with increased morbidity, mortality, and susceptibility to renal involvement compared with other ethnicities in the APAC region. The risk of developing SLE is higher in the Asian population. Routinely used SLE therapies included belimumab, hydroxychloroquine, cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, and glucocorticoids; however, prescribing patterns varied across the region. Increased disease activity was associated with high economic burden and poor quality of life for SLE patients in the APAC region.ConclusionSLE remains a disease with a significant unmet medical need for an innovative therapy that is well‐tolerated and effective for patients in the APAC region. Further evidence is required to better characterize the disease and fully capture the burden and impact of SLE in the APAC region. This review has highlighted where there is a paucity of data from patients across the APAC region.