bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated analytical approach to unveil the secrets of the recently discovered “Sphinx Room”: a new piece of Domus Aurea puzzle
Authors: Caggiani Maria Cristina , Coccato Alessia , Mazzoleni Paolo , D’Alessio Alessandro , Russo Alfonsina , Barone Germana 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The recent discovery of the Sphinx Room, belonging to the Domus Aurea Esquiline wing, thanks to the framework given by the project “Non-destructive analytical studies at Parco Archeologico del Colosseo (Rome, Italy)”, allowed to perform an analytical campaign, both in situ and on micro-fragments. The first aim was to contribute to the overall comprehension of the Domus Aurea complex and to contextualize the newly-discovered room inside this extraordinary imperial architecture by means of an archaeometrical characterisation of the painting materials. The palette, composed of Egyptian blue, green earths, iron- and lead-based red, orange and yellow, calcite, carbon-based black, allowed to compare the Sphinx Room to Corridor 92 and Room 114 of Domus Aurea and to other sites in Rome. Furthermore, the employ of an organic binder in some spots can be put forward based on spectroscopic results, which does not exclude a wider use of the a fresco. Furthermore, a complementary methodological strategy was designed, in order to achieve a complete characterization of the materials. In addition to the well-known combination of portable X-ray fluorescence and portable/laboratory Raman analyses, Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy was used, both in situ (Diffuse Reflectance) and in the lab (Attenuated Total Reflectance). The results confirm the suitability of this approach for the characterization of Roman wall paintings, where both inorganic and organic materials are simultaneously present.
Clinical, Cellular, and Molecular Evidence of the Additive Antitumor Effects of Biguanides and Statins in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Jiménez-Vacas Juan M , Herrero-Aguayo Vicente , Montero-Hidalgo Antonio J , Sáez-Martínez Prudencio , Gómez-Gómez Enrique , León-González Antonio J , Fuentes-Fayos Antonio C , Yubero-Serrano Elena M , Requena-Tapia María J , López Miguel , Castaño Justo P , Gahete Manuel D , Luque Raúl M 
Published: November 2020

AbstractContextProstate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death among the male population worldwide. Unfortunately, current medical treatments fail to prevent PCa progression in a high percentage of cases; therefore, new therapeutic tools to tackle PCa are urgently needed. Biguanides and statins have emerged as antitumor agents for several endocrine-related cancers.ObjectiveTo evaluate: (1) the putative in vivo association between metformin and/or statins treatment and key tumor and clinical parameters and (2) the direct effects of different biguanides (metformin/buformin/phenformin), statins (atorvastatin/simvastatin/lovastatin), and their combination, on key functional endpoints and associated signalling mechanisms.MethodsAn exploratory/observational retrospective cohort of patients with PCa (n = 75) was analyzed. Moreover, normal and tumor prostate cells (normal [RWPE-cells/primary prostate cell cultures]; tumor [LNCaP/22RV1/PC3/DU145 cell lines]) were used to measure proliferation/migration/tumorsphere-formation/signalling pathways.ResultsThe combination of metformin+statins in vivo was associated to lower Gleason score and longer biochemical recurrence-free survival. Moreover, biguanides and statins exerted strong antitumor actions (ie, inhibition of proliferation/migration/tumorsphere formation) on PCa cells, and that their combination further decreased; in addition, these functional parameters compared with the individual treatments. These actions were mediated through modulation of key oncogenic and metabolic signalling pathways (ie, AR/mTOR/AMPK/AKT/ERK) and molecular mediators (MKI67/cMYC/androgen receptor/cell-cycle inhibitors).ConclusionsBiguanides and statins significantly reduced tumor aggressiveness in PCa, with this effect being more potent (in vitro and in vivo) when both compounds are combined. Therefore, given the demonstrated clinical safety of biguanides and statins, our results suggest a potential therapeutic role of these compounds, especially their combination, for the treatment of PCa.
Sarcopenia Is Associated With Reduced Function on Admission to Rehabilitation in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Churilov Irina , Churilov Leonid , Brock Kim , Murphy David , MacIsaac Richard J , Ekinci Elif I 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objective
This work aims to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and to investigate the association between sarcopenia and functional performance in patients with and without diabetes admitted for inpatient rehabilitation.

Materials and Methods
Consecutive patients admitted to the subacute inpatient rehabilitation unit at St Vincent’s Hospital Melbourne, Australia (November 2016 to March 2020) were prospectively recruited into this cross-sectional study. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2018 algorithm. Participants’ functional performance was measured by the total Functional Independence Measure, motor Functional Independence Measure, and the Short Physical Performance Battery. The association between sarcopenia and functional performance was investigated using quantile regression.

Results
Of 300 participants, 49 (16%) had a history of diabetes and 44 (14.7%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia. No significant difference in the prevalence of sarcopenia between patients with or without diabetes was identified (11/49, 22.5% vs 33/251, 13.2%, P = .12). In patients with diabetes, those with sarcopenia had significantly reduced functional performance compared to those without sarcopenia on Functional Independence Measure, motor Functional Independence Measure, and the Short Physical Performance Battery, whereas in patients without diabetes no significant difference between patients with and without sarcopenia were identified for either functional performance measure (all P values for interaction &lt; .005).

Conclusions
The diagnosis of sarcopenia was associated with a reduced functional performance on admission to inpatient rehabilitation in patients with diabetes, but not in those without diabetes. Further investigation is needed into the progress of patients with dual diagnoses of diabetes and sarcopenia in inpatient rehabilitation.
New Anti-Müllerian Hormone Target Genes Involved in Granulosa Cell Survival in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Racine Chrystèle , Genêt Carine , Bourgneuf Camille , Dupont Charlotte , Plisson-Petit Florence , Sarry Julien , Hennequet-Antier Christelle , Vigouroux Corinne , Mathieu d’Argent Emmanuelle , Pierre Alice , Monniaux Danielle , Fabre Stéphane , di Clemente Nathalie 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurposeA protective effect of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) on follicle atresia was recently demonstrated using long-term treatments, but this effect has never been supported by mechanistic studies. This work aimed to gain an insight into the mechanism of action of AMH on follicle atresia and on how this could account for the increased follicle pool observed in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).MethodsIn vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to study the effects of AMH on follicle atresia and on the proliferation and apoptosis of granulosa cells (GCs). RNA-sequencing was carried out to identify new AMH target genes in GCs. The expression of some of these genes in GCs from control and PCOS women was compared using microfluidic real time quantitative RT-PCR.ResultsA short-term AMH treatment prevented follicle atresia in prepubertal mice. Consistent with this result, AMH inhibited apoptosis and promoted proliferation of different models of GCs. Moreover, integrative biology analyses of 965 AMH target genes identified in 1 of these GC models, confirmed that AMH had initiated a gene expression program favoring cell survival and proliferation. Finally, on 43 genes selected among the most up- and down-regulated AMH targets, 8 were up-regulated in GCs isolated from PCOS women, of which 5 are involved in cell survival.Main conclusionsOur results provide for the first time cellular and molecular evidence that AMH protects follicles from atresia by controlling GC survival and suggest that AMH could participate in the increased follicle pool of PCOS patients.
Effect of Initial Treatment Choice on 2-year Quality of Life in Patients with Low-risk Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma
Authors: Moon Jae Hoon , Ryu Chang Hwan , Cho Sun Wook , Choi June Young , Chung Eun-Jae , Hah Jeong Hun , Hwangbo Yul , Jeong Woo-Jin , Jung Yuh-Seog , Kim Ji-hoon , Kim Min Joo , Kim Su-jin , Kim Yeo Koon , Lee Chang Yoon , Lee Eun Kyung , Lee Ji Ye , Lee Kyu Eun , Lee You Jin , Lee Yumi , Yu Hyeong Won , Park Do Joon , Ryu Junsun , Park Young Joo 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Context
The long-term quality of life (QoL) in patients with low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) underwent active surveillance (AS) and immediate surgery is unclear.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of initial treatment choice on 2-year QoL in patients with low-risk PTMC

Design, Setting, and Participants
We analyzed 2652 QoL surveys from 1055 subjects enrolled in ongoing multicenter prospective cohort study on active surveillance of PTMC, in which the median follow-up duration was 24.4 months.

Major Outcome Measure
We evaluated QoL of patients with low-risk PTMC according to their treatment modality using generalized estimating equation.

Results
Six hundred and seventy-four subjects (male = 161; mean age = 48.8 ± 11.9 years) with low-risk PTMC chose AS while 381 subjects (male = 75; mean age = 45.7 ± 10.4 years) chose immediate surgery, including lobectomy/isthmusectomy (L/I) and total thyroidectomy (TT). Among the 817 subjects who completed baseline QoL surveys, 2-year QoL was good in order of AS (n = 500), L/I (n = 238), and TT (n = 79) groups after adjustment for age, sex, baseline tumor size, and baseline QoL scores. Among the 101 subjects who changed their treatment from AS to surgery during the follow-up period, 35 subjects who changed treatment due to disease progression had better QoL than 66 subjects who had no disease progression.

Conclusions
This study identified QoL as a major issue in choosing an initial treatment of low-risk PTMC and highlighted the possibility of using AS as the primary treatment.
Insight on the Intracrinology of Menopause: Androgen Production within the Human Vagina
Authors: Cellai Ilaria , Di Stasi Vincenza , Comeglio Paolo , Maseroli Elisa , Todisco Tommaso , Corno Chiara , Filippi Sandra , Cipriani Sarah , Sorbi Flavia , Fambrini Massimiliano , Petraglia Felice , Scavello Irene , Rastrelli Giulia , Acciai Gabriele , Villanelli Fabio , Danza Giovanna , Sarchielli Erica , Guarnieri Giulia , Morelli Annamaria , Maggi Mario , Vignozzi Linda 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this study, we investigated steroidogenic gene mRNA expression in human vaginas and verified the ability of human vagina smooth muscle cells (hvSMCs) to synthesize androgens from upstream precursor dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). As a readout for androgen receptor (AR) activation, we evaluated the mRNA expression of various androgen-dependent markers. hvSMCs were isolated from vagina tissues of women undergoing surgery for benign gynecological diseases. In these cells, we evaluated mRNA expression of several steroidogenic enzymes and sex steroid receptors using real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Androgen production was quantified with liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
In vaginal tissues, AR mRNA was significantly less expressed than estrogen receptor α, whereas in hvSMCs, its mRNA expression was higher than progestin and both estrogen receptors. In hvSMCs and in vaginal tissue, when compared to ovaries, the mRNA expression of proandrogenic steroidogenic enzymes (HSD3β1/β2, HSD17β3/β5), along with 5α-reductase isoforms and sulfotransferase, resulted as being more abundant. In addition, enzymes involved in androgen inactivation were less expressed than in the ovaries. The LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that, in hvSMCs, short-term DHEA supplementation increased Δ4-androstenedione levels in spent medium, while increasing testosterone and DHT secretion after longer incubation. Finally, androgenic signaling activation was evaluated through AR-dependent marker mRNA expression, after DHEA and T stimulation.
This study confirmed that the human vagina is an androgen-target organ with the ability to synthesize androgens, thus providing support for the use of androgens for local symptoms of genitourinary syndrome in menopause.
Effect of Extending the Original CROSS Criteria on Tumor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Esophageal Cancer Patients: A National Multicenter Cohort Analysis
Authors: Wang Helena Hong , de Heer Ellen C. , Hulshoff Jan Binne , Kats-Ugurlu Gursah , Burgerhof Johannes G. M. , van Etten Boudewijn , Plukker John Th. M. , Hospers Geke A. P. ,   the Dutch Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Audit (DUCA) Group
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Extending the original criteria of the Chemoradiotherapy for Oesophageal Cancer followed by Surgery Study (CROSS) in daily practice may increase the treatment outcome of esophageal cancer (EC) patients. This retrospective national cohort study assessed the impact on the pathologic complete response (pCR) rate and surgical outcome.

Patients and Methods
Data from EC patients treated between 2009 and 2017 were collected from the national Dutch Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Audit database. Patients had locally advanced EC (cT1/N+ or cT2-4a/N0-3/M0) and were treated according to the CROSS regimen. CROSS (n = 1942) and the extended CROSS (e-CROSS; n = 1359) represent patients fulfilling the original or extended CROSS criteria, respectively. The primary outcome was total pCR (ypT0N0), while secondary outcomes were local esophageal pCR (ypT0), surgical radicality, and postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Results
Overall, CROSS and e-CROSS did not differ in total or local pCR rate, although a trend was observed (23.2% vs. 20.4%, p = 0.052; and 26.7% vs. 23.8%, p = 0.061). When stratifying by histology, the pCR rate was higher in the CROSS group compared with e-CROSS in squamous cell carcinomas (48.2% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.000) but not in adenocarcinomas (16.8% vs. 16.9%, p = 0.908). Surgical radicality did not differ between groups. Postoperative mortality (3.2% vs. 4.6%, p = 0.037) and morbidity (58.3% vs. 61.8%, p = 0.048) were higher in e-CROSS.

Conclusion
Extending the CROSS inclusion criteria for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in routine clinical practice of EC patients had no impact on the pCR rate and on radicality, but was associated with increased postoperative mortality and morbidity. Importantly, effects differed between histological subtypes. Hence, in future studies, we should carefully reconsider who will benefit most in the real-world setting.
Topical cream containing nanoparticles with vitamin E to prevent radiodermatitis in women with breast cancer: a clinical trial protocol
Authors: Schmidt Fernanda Mateus Queiróz , González Carol V. Serna , Mattar Rodrigo Calixto , Lopes Luciana Biagini , Santos Marinilce Fagundes dos , de Gouveia Santos Vera L.C. 
Published: November 2020

Objective: Little is known about the efficacy of products aiming to prevent radiodermatitis, which affects between 90–95% of women with breast cancer. The use of antioxidants is promising, however, there is a lack of evidenceon their effectiveness. Here, the authors present a clinical trial protocol to evaluate the effects of applying a cream containing nanoparticles with vitamin E to prevent radiodermatitis in patients with breast cancer. Method: The protocol recommends that 108 women with breast cancer, receiving radiotherapy, are included in this triple-blinded, randomized, controlled study at an oncology hospital. Patients will be divided in three groups of 36 individuals each: group A will receive a cream with lipid nanoparticles and vitamin E, group B will receive a cream without nanoparticles nor vitamin E, and group C will receive a cream with nanoparticles without vitamin E. The primary endpoints will evaluate the incidence, degree, and time of onset of radiodermatitis. The secondary endpoints will focus on the quality of life, symptoms, and local temperature. Patients will be assessed three times a week, from the start of their radiotherapy treatment to two weeks after the last session. This protocol was approved by the research ethics committee of the institutions involved and registered on an international trials database.
Uso de apósitos con TLC–NOSF en el manejo de la úlcera de pie diabético, basado en la revisión de la evidencia y la práctica clínica
Authors: Sagüez Francisco Salvador , Gallardo Romina Castro , Pozo Alfonso Prieto 
Published: November 2020

Sinopsis La incidencia de la úlcera de pie diabético (UPD) ha incrementado en la última década, tanto en Chile como en el mundo, como resultado de un aumento progresivo en la prevalencia de la diabetes mellitus. Frente a esta compleja situación, y dado que las UPD están asociadas con un alto riesgo de infección y amputación, es necesario optar por tratamientos cuya evidencia demuestre efectividad en el manejo de este tipo de úlceras. Un apósito con tecnología lípido coloide y factor nano oligosacárido (TLC–NOSF), con un alto nivel de evidencia, ha demostrado ser efectivo en el manejo local de UPD, y podría ayudar a combatir esta problemática. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar la evidencia en relación con la TLC–NOSF y su implementación en la práctica clínica. Conflicto de interés: FSS recibió pagos personales de Laboratorios UrgoMedical por ponencias y actividades. RCG es empleada de Laboratorios UrgoMedical. APP declara no tener conflicto de interés.
A Sequential Algorithm Combining ADAPT and Liver Stiffness Can Stage Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease in Hospital-Based and Primary Care Patients
Authors: Eslam Mohammed , Wong Grace Lai-Hung , Hashem Ahmed M. , Chan Henry Lik-Yuen , Nielsen Mette Juul , Leeming Diana Julie , Chan Anthony Wing-Hung , Chen Yu , Duffin Kevin L. , Karsdal Morten , Schattenberg Jörn M. , George Jacob , Wong Vincent Wai-Sun 
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease is common, with fibrosis the major determinant of adverse outcomes. Population-based screening tools with high diagnostic accuracy for the staging of fibrosis are lacking.

METHODS:
Three independent cohorts, 2 with both liver biopsy and liver stiffness measurements (LSMs, n = 254 and 65) and a population sample (n = 713), were studied. The performance of a recently developed noninvasive algorithm (ADAPT [age, diabetes, PRO-C3 and platelets panel]) as well as aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index, fibrosis-4, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score, and LSM was used to stage patients for significant (≥F2) and advanced (≥F3) fibrosis.

RESULTS:
In the hospital-based cohorts, the N-terminal propeptide of type 3 collagen (Pro-C3) increased with fibrosis stage (P < 0.0001) and independently associated with advanced fibrosis (odds ratio = 1.091, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.053–1.113, P = 0.0001). ADAPT showed areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.831 (95% CI: 0.779–0.875) in the derivation and 0.879 (95% CI: 0.774–0.946) in the validation cohort for advanced fibrosis. This was superior to the existing fibrosis scores, aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index, fibrosis‐4, BARD (BMI, aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio [AAR], diabetes), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score in most comparisons and comparable with LSM. Serial use of ADAPT and LSM had diagnostic accuracy of 92.5%, with 98% and 100% negative predictive value in the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively. In the population cohort, PRO-C3 associated with advanced fibrosis (P = 0.04), while ADAPT had a negative predictive value of 98% for excluding advanced fibrosis.

DISCUSSION:
PRO-C3 and ADAPT reliably exclude advanced fibrosis in low-risk populations. The serial combination of ADAPT with LSM has high diagnostic accuracy with a low requirement for liver biopsy. The proposed algorithm would help stratify those who need biopsies and narrow down those patients who would need to be referred to specialty clinics.
Resistance from the Right: Sor María de Ágreda and the Intersections of Early Modern Feminism
Authors: Shuger Dale 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This article re-thinks the mechanisms through which a “proto-feminist” stance could be enunciated in early modern Spain, focusing on Sor María de Ágreda as a paradigmatic example. I show how Sor María’s deeply held pro-imperial, racist, essentialist ideas across her writings allowed her to achieve the royal and Church support that ended up protecting the proto-feminist La mística ciudad de Dios, and how those alignments changed after her death. I suggest that scholars of the early modern period can best serve feminism in the present through a frank study of the ways in which women appealed to power in the past.
Reconstrucción del sujeto femenino mediante la desmitificación del narcotraficante enPerra bravade Orfa Alarcón
Authors: Carpio-Manickam María 
Published: November 2020

ResumenEste artículo analiza la novela Perra brava (2010) de la mexicana Orfa Alarcón para demostrar cómo el personaje femenino deconstruye y desmitifica el arquetipo del narcotraficante idealizado en la novela narco. Asimismo, busca demostrar cómo la autora crea un personaje femenino alejado de las convenciones de la narrativa criminal mexicana, que subvierte la relación dominador/dominada, ofreciendo así perspectivas alternativas de la imagen de la mujer en la narconovela, un subgénero literario que aún es dominado por los autores con una escasa contribución de las escritoras.
La tortura silenciada: La violencia sexual en el teatro posdictadura del Cono Sur
Authors: Sandoval-León Osvaldo 
Published: November 2020

ResumenEste ensayo analiza representaciones de la violencia sexual en el teatro de posdictadura del Cono Sur. Examina la violación sexual(izada) desde una perspectiva de género en contextos de represión política en obras de autores de Argentina, Chile y Uruguay. A partir de conceptos claves como la tortura, el embarazo impuesto, narrativas del cuerpo y memoria histórica, se estudian La puta madre (1998), Secretos (2001) y NN12 (2010). En estas obras observo el compromiso sociopolítico de la producción dramatúrgica posdictatorial que denuncia el tema de la violencia sistematizada contra la mujer.
Specular Comedies of Manslaughter by Inés París and Marta Díaz de Lope Díaz
Authors: Hogan Erin K. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
La noche que mi madre mató a mi padre (París 2016) and Mi querida cofradía (Díaz 2018) offer comedic retorts to cultural and industrial expectations for women protagonists. The career aspirations of their female leads defy the concept of the traditional angel of the home without resorting to manslaughter, a common recourse of Pedro Almodóvar’s leading ladies. The films of Inés París and Marta Díaz demonstrate intimate revolt (Kristeva 2002), encompassing carnivalesque overturning (Bakhtin 1984), the spectacular visualization of specular fantasy, and laughter as resistance for their feminist project of revealing the patriarchal attitudes that obstruct women’s professional fulfillment.