bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of an integrated framework for a breast cancer screening and navigation program for women from underresourced communities
Authors: Henderson Vida , Tossas‐Milligan Katherine , Martinez Erica , Williams Barbara , Torres Paola , Mannan Nasima , Green Lauren , Thompson Beti , Winn Robert , Watson Karriem S. 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundTrends in breast cancer mortality in the United States are decreasing, but racial disparities persist. Using an implementation science framework to inform evidence‐based breast cancer screening and navigation within federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) with community stakeholders can mitigate barriers to screening.MethodsUsing an integrated theoretical framework of the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model and the Social Ecological Model, the University of Illinois Cancer Center and Mile Square Health Centers (MSHC) FQHC developed a breast cancer screening and navigation program, known as the Mile Square Accessible Mammogram Outreach and Engagement (Mi‐MAMO) program, to tackle breast cancer disparities in Chicago among underresourced communities. To increase access to screening, patient navigators conducted community outreach activities. Partnerships were forged with community‐based organizations, health care systems, and insurers. Outcomes were monitored with standardized performance measures.ResultsBetween January and December 2017, 103 women received a screening mammogram at MSHC. To increase screening rates, Mi‐MAMO was started in August 2017. Between January and December 2018, the number of women who received a screening mammogram increased to 567. From August 2017 to December 2018, 779 women received navigation to screening and/or diagnostic services through the Mi‐MAMO program. The majority of women were uninsured (63.9%), and 95.5% were racial/ethnic minorities. Twenty‐four percent (n = 185) completed diagnostic services, and 10 women received positive breast cancer diagnoses (mean age, 49.7 years); all successfully navigated to treatment. The Mi‐MAMO program is ongoing.ConclusionsDeploying an integrated framework for patient navigation programs can increase breast cancer screening utilization and awareness among underresourced populations at higher risk for breast cancer.
Breast cancer early detection and diagnostic capacity in Uganda
Authors: Scheel John R. , Giglou Mahbod J. , Segel Sophie , Orem Jackson , Tsu Vivien , Galukande Moses , Okello Jimmy , Nakigudde Gertrude , Mugisha Noleb , Muyinda Zeridah , Anderson Benjamin O. , Duggan Catherine 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundGreater than 80% of women presenting for breast cancer treatment in Uganda have late‐stage disease, which is attributable to a dysfunctional referral system and a lack of recognition of the early signs and symptoms among primary health care providers, and compounded by the poor infrastructure and inadequate human capacity. Improving the breast health care system requires a systemic approach beginning with situational analysis to identify systematic gaps that prevent sustainable improvements in outcome.MethodsThe authors performed a situational analysis of the breast health care system using methods developed by the Breast Health Global Initiative. Based on their findings, they developed a series of recommendations for strengthening the health system for the early diagnosis of breast cancer based on clinical detection, referral, tissue sampling, and diagnosis.ResultsDeficits in the recognition of breast cancer signs and symptoms, the underuse of clinical breast examination as a diagnostic and/or screening tool, the centralization of diagnostic tests (radiology and pathology), reliance on excisional biopsies rather than needle biopsies, and a lack of trained professionals and knowledge of the referral system all contribute to significant health system delays.ConclusionsTo strengthen referral networks and improve the early diagnosis of breast cancer in Uganda, national referral hospitals should provide educational programs to primary health care providers in community health centers (CHCs), at which the majority of women first present with symptoms. At secondary district‐level facilities in which imaging and tissue sampling can be performed, the capacity for diagnostic testing could be increased through task shifting of basic interpretation (abnormal vs normal) from specialists to nonspecialists using networking technology to facilitate remote oversight from specialists at the national referral hospitals.
Infrared Thermography as a Powerful, Versatile, and Elegant Research Tool in Chemistry: Principles and Application to Catalysis and Adsorption
Authors: Vainer Boris G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this Review, diverse chemical problems that have been approached by means of infrared thermography (IRT) are covered in depth. Moreover, some novel steps forward in this field are made, described and discussed. Namely, the latest‐generation IRT performance capabilities are harnessed in full; the initial phase of catalytic CO oxidation (called “fast ignition”) is presented at the 0.01 s temporal resolution; at the same resolution, the thermal manifestation of the adsorption‐desorption wave propagation after the gaseous reactant pulsed (0.6 s) wetting is exhibited. Furthermore, a radical difference in the thermal behavior of differently calcined γ‐Al2O3supported Au catalysts, which underwent successive H2O and CO attacks, is demonstrated, and the generally accepted fact that the catalyst temperature reflects the catalytic activity is validated experimentally. It is shown that latest‐generation IRT may serve as unique and highly informative research tool in chemistry.
Toward community predictions: Multi‐scale modelling of mountain breeding birds' habitat suitability, landscape preferences, and environmental drivers
Authors: Amini Tehrani Nasrin , Naimi Babak , Jaboyedoff Michel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAcross a large mountain area of the western Swiss Alps, we used occurrence data (presence‐only points) of bird species to find suitable modelling solutions and build reliable distribution maps to deal with biodiversity and conservation necessities of bird species at finer scales. We have performed a multi‐scale method of modelling, which uses distance, climatic, and focal variables at different scales (neighboring window sizes), to estimate the efficient scale of each environmental predictor and enhance our knowledge on how birds interact with their complex environment. To identify the best radius for each focal variable and the most efficient impact scale of each predictor, we have fitted univariate models per species. In the last step, the final set of variables were subsequently employed to build ensemble of small models (ESMs) at a fine spatial resolution of 100 m and generate species distribution maps as tools of conservation. We could build useful habitat suitability models for the three groups of species in the national red list. Our results indicate that, in general, the most important variables were in the group of bioclimatic variables including “Bio11” (Mean Temperature of Coldest Quarter), and “Bio 4” (Temperature Seasonality), then in the focal variables including “Forest”, “Orchard”, and “Agriculture area” as potential foraging, feeding and nesting sites. Our distribution maps are useful for identifying the most threatened species and their habitat and also for improving conservation effort to locate bird hotspots. It is a powerful strategy to improve the ecological understanding of the distribution of bird species in a dynamic heterogeneous environment.
Fabry cardiomyopathy: Gb3‐induced auto‐reactive panmyocarditis requiring heart transplantation
Authors: Frustaci Andrea , Scarpa Maurizio , Maria da Riol Rosalia , Agrati Chiara , Finato Nicoletta , Verardo Romina , Grande Claudia , Chimenti Cristina , Di Nora Concetta , Russo Matteo Antonio , Livi Ugolini 
Published: April 2020

AbstractResistance to enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is a major therapeutic challenge in Fabry disease (FD). Recent reports attribute to immune‐mediated inflammation a main role in promoting disease progression and resistance to ERT. Aim of the study is to report a Gb3‐induced auto‐reactive panmyocarditis causing inefficacy of ERT and severe electrical instability, which required cardiac transplantation. Examining the explanted heart from a 57‐year‐old man with FD cardiomyopathy (CM) on 3‐year ERT presenting incoming ventricular fibrillation, we documented a severe virus‐negative myocarditis extended to cardiomyocytes, intramural coronary vessels, conduction tissue, and subepicardial ganglia. Serology was positive for anti‐Gb3, anti‐heart, and anti‐myosin antibodies. In vitro Gb3 stimulation of patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) induced high amount production of inflammatory cytokine IL1‐β, IL‐6, IL‐8, and TNF‐α. PBMC were stained using the monoclonal antibodies CD3‐V500, CD4‐V450, CD8‐APCcy7, CD45RO‐PerCPcy5.5 and CD27‐FITC from BD Biosciences and CD56‐PC7 from Bekman Coulter. The phenotypic analysis of PBMC showed a lower frequency of CD8 (9.2%) vs. 19.3% and NKT cells (1.6% vs. 2.4%) in Fabry patient respect to healthy donor, suggesting a possible homing to peripheral tissues. A Gb3‐induced auto‐reactive myocarditis is suggested as a possible cause of FDCM progression and ERT resistance. Immune‐mediated inflammation of systemic Fabry cells may coexist and be controlled by implemental immunosuppressive therapy.
Early Holocene charcoal accumulations in the Aktun Ha cenote: Evidence of fire used by the first settlers of the Yucatán Peninsula, Mexico
Authors: López‐Martínez Rafael , Solleiro‐Rebolledo Elizabeth , Chávez‐Vergara Bruno , Díaz‐Ortega Jaime , Merino Agustín , Trabanino García Felipe A. , Velázquez‐Morlet Adriana , del Río‐Lara Octavio , Martos‐López Luis Alberto , Terrazas‐Mata Alejandro 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAn integrative methodology, including controlled heating experiments, petrography, taphonomy, systematics of charcoal fragments, solid‐state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and 14C dating, are used to discriminate in situ (anthropogenic) versus transported charcoal accumulations in the Ancestors Chamber at the Aktun Ha cenote and its potential relationship with the initial settlement of the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico. Rock heating experiments demonstrated changes in color, weight loss, and recrystallization fabrics under temperatures from 200°C to 900°C. At temperatures of up to 600°C, calcite changed to portlandite. Taphonomic examination of the charcoal revealed that the fragments were not transported by water. Anatomical studies of the charcoal revealed the presence of species similar to modern examples used as fuel. The solid‐state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy confirmed different aromatization degrees, and DSC provided information related to the hearth shape and combustion conditions throughout the thermal event. The 14C ages determined on charcoal, 9,200 ± 30 yr. BP (10,490–10,460 and 10,435–10,250 cal BP) and 9,440 ± 30 yr. BP (10,740–10,585 cal BP), are similar to ages previously reported from Aktun Ha and are the oldest determined on charcoal that may have an association with human activity on the Yucatán Peninsula.
Scale‐free functional brain dynamics during recovery from sport‐related concussion
Authors: Churchill Nathan W. , Hutchison Michael G. , Graham Simon J. , Schweizer Tom A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractStudies using blood‐oxygenation‐level‐dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI) have characterized how the resting brain is affected by concussion. The literature to date, however, has largely focused on measuring changes in the spatial organization of functional brain networks. In the present study, changes in the temporal dynamics of BOLD signals are examined throughout concussion recovery using scaling (or fractal) analysis. Imaging data were collected for 228 university‐level athletes, 61 with concussion and 167 athletic controls. Concussed athletes were scanned at the acute phase of injury (1–7 days postinjury), the subacute phase (8–14 days postinjury), medical clearance to return to sport (RTS), 1 month post‐RTS and 1 year post‐RTS. The wavelet leader multifractal approach was used to assess scaling (
c1) and multifractal (
c2) behavior. Significant longitudinal changes were identified for
c1, which was lowest at acute injury, became significantly elevated at RTS, and returned near control levels by 1 year post‐RTS. No longitudinal changes were identified for
c2. Secondary analyses showed that clinical measures of acute symptom severity and time to RTP were related to longitudinal changes in
c1. Athletes with both higher symptoms and prolonged recovery had elevated
c1 values at RTS, while athletes with higher symptoms but rapid recovery had reduced
c1 at acute injury. This study provides the first evidence for long‐term recovery of BOLD scale‐free brain dynamics after a concussion.
Prevalence of current school‐level nutrition policies and practices of secondary schools in NSW, Australia
Authors: Ooi Jia Ying , Yoong Sze Lin , Sutherland Rachel , Wrigley Jessica , Lecathelinais Christophe , Reilly Kathryn , Janssen Lisa , Nathan Nicole , Wolfenden Luke 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIssue addressedLowering the rates of adolescent overweight and obesity is a public health priority. The implementation of nutrition policies and practices in schools is recommended by various health organisations, but there is little information on the extent of their implementation. The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of the implementation of recommended school‐level nutrition policies and practices in secondary schools in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, and reported barriers and facilitators to the adoption of such policies and practices in school plans.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was undertaken with school principals and canteen managers. All eligible secondary schools in NSW were approached to participate in a telephone survey (n = 440). Descriptive statistics were used to describe prevalence, and associations between school characteristics and implementation were examined using univariate statistics.ResultsA total of 137 school principals and 80 canteen managers completed the survey. The implementation of practices on drinking water during class, healthy food and beverage marketing and learning opportunities regarding healthy eating was high (>90% of participating schools). The implementation of practices regarding the restriction of unhealthy drinks in school canteens, healthy school fundraisers and staff training related to healthy eating was reported in under 25% of participating schools. There were no significant differences in implementation by school sector, socio‐economic status and geographic location. The main barrier to inclusion of nutrition policies and practices in the school plan was having other priorities and commitments (28.5%), and the main facilitator was support from stakeholders, the staff, students and their parents (37.2%).ConclusionsThere is opportunity to improve the implementation of nutrition policies and practices in NSW secondary schools.So What?Strategies are needed for targeting barriers. These include: gaining support from school staff, students and parents, provision of resources and funding and staff training.
Using integrated modelling to understand seasonal vegetation dynamics and its relationship to runoff generation
Authors: Bian Zihao , Wang Lachun , Gu Yan , Pan Ye , Yao Yuanzhi , Zhao Jing , Ji Xiaomin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractVegetation dynamics and hydrological processes are major components of terrestrial ecosystems, and they interact strongly with each other. Studies of hydrological responses to vegetation dynamics are usually conducted on a long‐term scale, whereas the hydrological responses within a single year have rarely been studied. In the present study, Poyang Lake runoff (PYL‐R) model, a new hydrological model coupled with leaf area index (LAI) remote sensing products, was established and applied to simulate the runoff process in the Poyang Lake Watershed. The simulation results obtained in three sub‐watersheds of the Poyang Lake Watershed (Ganjiang Watershed, Xinjiang Watershed, and Fuhe Watershed) agreed well with the observations (Nash efficiency coefficient values andRvalues exceeded 0.6 and 0.9, respectively). The PYL‐R experiment (PYL‐R‐E) model was designed as a contrast model without considering the impact of LAI. The simulated monthly runoff results obtained using the PYL‐R and PYL‐R‐E models were compared, and the within‐year changes in the differences between the two results were analysed to evaluate and quantify the impact of vegetation dynamic on runoff. From January to July, when LAI values increased by around 2.6 m2m−2, monthly runoff depth differences between PYL‐R and PYL‐R‐E results increased by 35.25, 27.98, and 29.14 mm in the Ganjiang, Xinjiang, and Fuhe watersheds, respectively. Dense vegetation caused high interception and evapotranspiration during summer, which largely reduced runoff. By contrast, during winter, the effect of vegetation was weaker on runoff process whereas the impacts of other factors (e.g., precipitation) were higher. The sensitivity of monthly runoff to vegetation dynamics varied greatly throughout the whole year. In particular, during August and September, the LAI‐caused runoff changes were very high, accounting for 28–42% of monthly runoff in the sub‐watersheds. Our findings clarify the effects of changes in vegetation on hydrological processes over short time scales, thereby providing insights into the effects of scale on eco‐hydrological processes.
Anisotropic polaritons in van der Waals materials
Authors: Ma Weiliang , Shabbir Babar , Ou Qingdong , Dong Yemin , Chen Huanyang , Li Peining , Zhang Xinliang , Lu Yuerui , Bao Qiaoliang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPolaritons in two‐dimensional (2D) materials continues to garner significant attention due to their favorable ability of field‐confinement and intriguing potential for low‐loss and ultrafast optical and photonic devices. The recent experimental observation of in‐plane anisotropic dispersion in natural van der Waals materials has revealed much richer physics as compared to isotropic plasmonic materials, which provides new insight to manipulate the polaritons and manufacture flat optical devices with unprecedented controls. Herein, we give an overview of the recent progress in in‐plane anisotropic polaritons launched and visualized in the near‐field range in 2D layered van der Waals materials. Furthermore, future prospects in this promising but emerging field are featured on the basis of its peculiar applications. This review article will stimulate the scientific community to explore other hyperbolic materials and structures in order to develop optical technologies with novel functionalities and further improve the understanding of the exotic photonic phenomena.image
Thrombospondin‐5 and fluvastatin promote angiogenesis and are protective against endothelial cell apoptosis
Authors: Muqri Furqan , Helkin Alex , Maier Kristopher G. , Gahtan Vivian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe thrombospondins (TSPs), multifunctional matricellular proteins, are known mediators of endothelial cell (EC) angiogenesis and apoptosis. TSP‐1, an antiangiogenic molecule, is important in the progression of vascular disease, in part by inducing EC apoptosis. TSP‐2, although less studied, also induces EC apoptosis and inhibits angiogenesis. The effects of TSP‐5 are largely unexplored in ECs, but TSP‐5 is believed to be protective against arterial disease. Statin drugs have been shown to have beneficial pleiotropic effects, including decreasing EC apoptosis, increasing angiogenesis, and blocking TSP signaling. We hypothesized TSP‐5 will be proangiogenic and antiapoptotic, and statin pretreatment would reverse the proapoptotic and antiangiogenic phenotype of TSP‐1 and TSP‐2. ECs were exposed to serum‐free medium, TSP‐1, TSP‐2, or TSP‐5 with or without fluvastatin pretreatment. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was performed on 96 apoptosis and 96 angiogenesis‐related genes using microfluidic card assays. Angiogenesis was measured using Matrigel assays, while apoptosis was measured by fluorescent caspase assay. TSP‐5 suppressed apoptotic genes and had a mixed effect on the angiogenic genes; however, TSP‐5 did not alter apoptois but was proangiogenic. Pretreatment with fluvastatin downregulated proapoptotic genes and apoptosis and upregulated proangiogenic genes and angiogenesis. Findings indicate TSP‐5 and fluvastatin have a protective effect on ECs, being proangiogenic and reversing the antiangiogenic effects of TSP‐1 and TSP‐2. In conclusion, TSP‐5 and fluvastatin may be beneficial for inducing angiogenesis in the setting of ischemia.
Knockout of E2F1 enhances the polarization of M2 phenotype macrophages to accelerate the wound healing process
Authors: Xiao Hui , Wu Yi‐Ping , Yang Chang‐Chun , Yi Zhen , Zeng Ning , Xu Yi , Zeng Hong , Deng Pei , Zhang Qi , Wu Min 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWound healing is a complex process, which is classically divided into inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling phases. Macrophages play a key role in wound healing, however, whether E2F1 mediates the M1/M2 polarization during the wound healing process is not known. Skin wounds were surgically induced in E2F1−/− mice and their WT littermates. At day 2 and day 7 post‐surgery, the wounded skin tissues including 2 to 3 mm normal skin were obtained. The wounded skin tissues were used for the analyses of immunofluorescence staining (CD68, iNOS, CD206), western blotting (CD68, iNOS, CD206, PPAR‐γ) and Co‐immunoprecipitation (E2F1‐PPAR‐γ interactions). E2F1−/− mice exhibited faster wound healing process. At day 2, the M2 macrophages were remarkably increased in the E2F1−/− mice. Surprisingly, in the border zone of the wound, E2F1−/− mice had also more M2 macrophages and fewer M1 macrophages at day 7 post‐surgery, suggesting a certain degree of polarization amongst the M1 and M2 phenotypes. Co‐IP revealed that E2F1 indeed interacted with PPAR‐γ, meanwhile western blotting and RT‐PCR showed higher expression of PPAR‐γ in the E2F1−/− mice as compared to that in the WT mice. Therefore, the findings suggest that wound healing process could be accelerated with enhanced M2 polarization through increased PPAR‐γ expression in E2F1 knockout mice.
Internal loading in stormwater ponds as a phosphorus source to downstream waters
Authors: Taguchi Vinicius J. , Olsen Tyler A. , Natarajan Poornima , Janke Ben D. , Gulliver John S. , Finlay Jacques C. , Stefan Heinz G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe assessed the prevalence and causes of sediment phosphorus (P) release within urban stormwater ponds, a process that may reduce P removal by sedimentation. Data collected from surface water of 98 urban stormwater ponds in Minnesota showed that nearly 40% had median summer total P concentrations in excess of average stormwater runoff (0.38 mg L−1), implying effects of internal loading. We sampled seven ponds more intensively and found four were strongly stratified with persistent hypolimnetic anoxia, despite mean depths <2 m. Sediment core incubations revealed that, unlike in most lakes, both labile organic P (NaOH minus persulfate extractions) and redox‐sensitive P (NH4Cl and Na2S2O4 extractions) contribute to P release. Together, these analyses suggest P accumulated in stormwater ponds is highly susceptible to internal release and potentially contributes to downstream eutrophication. Understanding how frequently these conditions occur and how they affect different P forms is vital to improving pond design and management.