bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Aromatherapy on Menstrual Distress among Adolescent Girls
Authors: Thenmozhi P. , Bhuvaneshwari K. 
Published: October 2020

Aim: To determine the effectiveness of Aromatherapy on menstrual distress among young adolescent girls with primary dysmenorrhea.
Study Design: Quantitative approach with Pre-experimental research design.
Place and Duration of Study: Saveetha College of Nursing, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, from December 2019 to February 2020.
Methodology: Sixty adolescent girls were selected for the study by using a convenience sampling technique. The participants who participated in the study were adolescent girls with 17 - 19 years of age, have regular menstrual cycle, having primary dysmenorrhea, and willing to participate in the study. Demographic variables and clinical variables were collected by using structured questionnaire. Followed by pre-test assessment on primary dysmenorrhea symptom was assessed on 5th day of menstruation by primary dysmenorrhea symptoms questionnaire. Aromatherapy was administered by inhalation method in alternate days from 7th day of menstrual cycle for two consecutive menstrual cycles. Post test was conducted at the end of intervention on the first day of menstrual cycle using the same tool. The data were tabulated and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS statistical package.
Results: The result of the study shows that in the pre-test, 54(90%) had moderate menstrual distress and 6(10%) had severe menstrual distress. Whereas in the post test, almost all 60(100%) had mild menstrual distress. pre-test and post-test mean score of menstrual distress was 62.83±2.93 and 33.03± 2.48. Which was compared by paired ‘t’ test revealed that the post-test mean value is lower than the pre-test mean value and found statistically significant at the level of p<0.001
Conclusion: The finding of the present study concludes that aromatherapy using lavender oil is significantly effective in reducing the menstrual distress without side effects among adolescent girls with primary dysmenorrhea and also reduces the risk pharmacological intervention.
Future Perspectives of Biomimetics in Restorative Dentistry
Authors: Basheer Nazwin , Madhubala Manavalan Madhana , Mahalaxmi Sekar 
Published: October 2020

The main goal of tooth restoration aims at achieving mineralization of initial enamel and dentinal lesions in native form. Most of the restorative materials and remineralization adjuvants for enamel and dentin mineralization are evidenced in the literature. Although commercially available restorative materials exhibit superior esthetics, mechanical properties and cost effectiveness, durability of the restoration threatened by the occurrence of inadequate strength, long-term solubility, and weaker adhesion to tooth and accelerated degradation after being bonded to tooth structure. Recently, the role of biomimetic science in restorative dentistry aims at creating a restoration that can be highly compatible with the structural, functional and biologic properties of dental tissues to reproduce and emulate the original performance of the intact tooth with high durability. In order to recover the prismatic structure in mineral-depleted enamel and to achieve interfibrillar mineralization in dentin, non-collagenous protein analogues have been proposed as templates for apatite deposition. Biomimetic analogues must be necessary to achieve functional mineralization and to recover the dynamic mechanical properties of teeth. The use of these analogues associated with ion-releasing materials seems to be a promising approach for both enamel and dentin remineralization. This review enlightens the current and future perspectives of biomimetic analogues used for enamel and dentin remineralization as the clinical translation of this biomimetic research can be considered as the boon to restorative dentistry.
An Exploratory Study of Consumers’ Social Behavior towards Role of Malaysian Community Pharmacists in Providing Healthcare
Authors: Alabid Alamin Hassan Mohamed Alamin , Ibrahim Mohamed Izham Mohamed , Hassali Mohamed Azmi , Palaian Subish 
Published: October 2020

Aims: Consumers’ awareness, perceptions, expectations and experiences are integral components of their satisfaction towards the quality of care provided by community pharmacists. This study aims to assess consumers’ awareness, perceptions, expectations and experiences about the role of Malaysian community pharmacists in providing healthcare.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place of Study: Penang state in the north of Malaysia.
Methodology: A survey was carried out by conveniently selecting the consumers patronizing the community pharmacies. A pretested and validated survey tool with different domains (Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.577 to 0.774) was used. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-Square, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests) were used for analyzing the data using SPSS program, Version 26.
Results: Of the total 424 questionnaires distributed, 195 (46%) were returned and usable. The median age of the consumers was 30 (IQR = 28-38). Majority of them were female, Chinese, living in urban area and having a bachelor degree. The mean awareness score was 8.39 (± 2.00), mean perception score was 2.95 (± 0.83), mean expectation score was 3.70 (± 0.13), and mean experience score was 3.17 (± 0.97). Trusting a pharmacist’s advice about medicines was significantly associated with the consumer’s age (p= 0.030). age of the consumers was a significant determinant in their perception of community pharmacists suggestions about the use of certain prescription medicines to patients and physicians (p = .001 and p = 0.014, successively). The strongly anticipated that community pharmacists should monitor responses to drug therapy and be more concerned with the patient rather than being profit-oriented (medians = 5 and 4, respectively).
Conclusion: The consumers in this study were aware of the role of community pharmacists in community pharmacies and healthcare settings. They also reported high perception, expectation and positive experience with the community pharmacists.
An inventory of lysosomal ABC transporters
Authors: Szakacs Gergely , Abele Rupert 
Published: October 2020

ABC transporters fulfill diverse physiological functions in different cellular localizations ranging from the plasma membrane to intracellular membranous compartments. Several ABC transporters have been spotted in the endolysosomal system, which consists of endosomes, autophagosomes, lysosomes, and lysosome‐related organelles. In this review, we present an overview of lysosomal ABC transporters including ABCA2, ABCA3, ABCA5, ABCB6, ABCB9, and ABCD4, discussing their trafficking routes, putative substrates, potential physiological functions, and associated diseases. In addition, we offer a critical evaluation of the literature linking ABC transporters to lysosomal drug sequestration, examining pitfalls associated with in vitro models of drug resistance.
A missense mutation in a patient with developmental delay affects the activity and structure of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway enzyme AGX1
Authors: Chen Xiping , Raimi Olawale G. , Ferenbach Andrew T. , van Aalten Daan M.F. 
Published: October 2020

O‐GlcNAcylation is a post‐translational modification catalysed by O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT). Missense mutations in OGT have been associated with developmental disorders, OGT‐linked congenital disorder of glycosylation (OGT‐CDG), which are characterized by intellectual disability. OGT relies on the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) for provision of its UDP‐GlcNAc donor. We considered whether mutations in UDP‐N‐acetylhexosamine pyrophosphorylase (UAP1), which catalyses the final step in the HBP, would phenocopy OGT‐CDG mutations. A de novo mutation in UAP1 (NM_001324114:c.G685A:p.A229T) was reported in a patient with intellectual disability. We show that this mutation is pathogenic and decreases the stability and activity of the UAP1 isoform AGX1 in vitro. X‐ray crystallography reveals a structural shift proximal to the mutation, leading to a conformational change of the N‐terminal domain. These data suggest that the UAP1A229T missense mutation could be a contributory factor to the patient phenotype.
GDF15 knockdown suppresses cervical cancer cell migration in vitro through the TGF‐β/Smad2/3/Snail1 pathway
Authors: Li Li , Zhang Ruihong , Yang Hailei , Zhang Donghua , Liu Jiwei , Li Jinfang , Guo Bin 
Published: October 2020

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF‐β) superfamily, is a prognostic biomarker of cervical cancer. In addition, GDF15 has been reported to enhance the migration of colorectal cancer cells and liver cancer stem‐like cells. However, the mechanism by which GDF15 promotes cervical cancer cell migration is not completely understood. Here, we report that GDF15 expression is enhanced in cervical cancer tissues, as well as in cultured cervical cancer cells. ShGDF15 transfection markedly inhibited expression of Vimentin, N‐cadherin and Snail1, and resulted in up‐regulation of E‐cadherin expression in HT‐3 and HeLa cells. Moreover, knockdown of GDF15 suppressed wound healing rate and reduced the number of invasive cells. Furthermore, knockdown of GDF15 significantly suppressed the expression of phosphorylated Smad2 and Smad3. The addition of TGF‐β1 partially abolished the inhibitory effects of GDF15 knockdown on the migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. In summary, we report here that GDF15 knockdown inhibits migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells in vitro through the TGF‐β/Smad2/3/Snail1 pathway.
Are criminals better lie detectors? Investigating offenders' abilities in the context of deception detection
Authors: Schindler Simon , Wagner Laura K. , Reinhard Marc‐André , Ruhara Nico , Pfattheicher Stefan , Nitschke Joachim 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThe present research examined lie detection abilities of a rarely investigated group, namely offenders. Results of the studies conducted thus far indicated a better performance of offenders compared to non‐offenders when discriminating between true and false messages. With two new studies, we aimed at replicating offenders' superior abilities in the context of deception detection. Results of Study 1 (N = 76 males), in contrast, revealed that offenders were significantly worse at accurately classifying true and false messages compared to non‐offenders (students). Results of Study 2 (N = 175 males) revealed that offenders' discrimination performance was not significantly different compared to non‐offenders (clinic staff). An internal meta‐analysis yielded no significant difference between offenders and non‐offenders, questioning the generalizability of previous findings.
Association of Hydroxychloroquine Use With Decreased Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Gupta Alisha , Shields Kelly J. , Manzi Susan , Wasko Mary Chester , Sharma Tarun S. 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) use and new‐onset atrial fibrillation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsA retrospective cohort of adult patients with SLE was constructed from December 1, 2014 to May 30, 2017. Patients were categorized as either HCQ users or nonusers. The primary outcome was incident atrial fibrillation. Secondary outcomes included incident ventricular arrhythmias (composite of ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, or torsades de pointes). Outcomes were adjudicated by review of the electronic health record. Statistical analyses included simple and multivariable logistic regression tests to estimate the association between HCQ use and incident atrial fibrillation after adjusting for relevant confounders. Propensity score matching analysis was completed.ResultsOur study included 1,647 patients with SLE, of which 917 were HCQ users and 730 were nonusers. A total of 23 atrial fibrillation events occurred, including 3 in HCQ users and 20 in nonusers. Logistic regression analysis showed an odds ratio (OR) of 0.12 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.034–0.39, P = 0.0005) for incident atrial fibrillation and 2.39 (95% CI 0.25–23.0, P = 0.45) for ventricular arrhythmias. Results remained significant in the fully adjusted and propensity score–matched models.ConclusionIn this exploratory study, HCQ use was associated with an 88% decrease in the risk of incident atrial fibrillation in patients with SLE. Considering the increased cardiovascular risk in SLE, incorporation of HCQ into the regimen may be beneficial for both disease manifestations and reducing the risk of atrial fibrillation. Further studies would be needed to confirm the antifibrillatory benefit of this relatively safe and low‐cost medication.
Data‐enabled extremum seeking: A cooperative concurrent learning‐based approach
Authors: Poveda Jorge I. , Benosman Mouhacine , Vamvoudakis Kyriakos G. 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThis paper introduces a new class of feedback‐based data‐driven extremum seeking algorithms for the solution of model‐free optimization problems in smooth continuous‐time dynamical systems. The novelty of the algorithms lies on the incorporation of memory to store recorded data that enables the use of information‐rich datasets during the optimization process, and allows to dispense with the time‐varying dither excitation signal needed by standard extremum seeking algorithms that rely on a persistence of excitation (PE) condition. The model‐free optimization dynamics are developed for single‐agent systems, as well as for multi‐agent systems with communication graphs that allow agents to share their state information while preserving the privacy of their individual data. In both cases, sufficient richness conditions on the recorded data, as well as suitable optimization dynamics modeled by ordinary differential equations are characterized in order to guarantee convergence to a neighborhood of the solution of the extremum seeking problems. The performance of the algorithms is illustrated via different numerical examples in the context of source‐seeking problems in multivehicle systems.
Biomimetic Human Disease Model of SARS‐CoV‐2‐Induced Lung Injury and Immune Responses on Organ Chip System
Authors: Zhang Min , Wang Peng , Luo Ronghua , Wang Yaqing , Li Zhongyu , Guo Yaqiong , Yao Yulin , Li Minghua , Tao Tingting , Chen Wenwen , Han Jianbao , Liu Haitao , Cui Kangli , Zhang Xu , Zheng Yongtang , Qin Jianhua 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). The models that can accurately resemble human‐relevant responses to viral infection are lacking. Here, a biomimetic human disease model on chip that allows to recapitulate lung injury and immune responses induced by SARS‐CoV‐2 in vitro at organ level is created. This human alveolar chip reproduce the key features of alveolar‐capillary barrier by coculture of human alveolar epithelium, microvascular endothelium, and circulating immune cells under fluidic flow in normal and disease. Upon SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, the epithelium exhibits higher susceptibility to virus than endothelium. Transcriptional analyses show activated innate immune responses in epithelium and cytokine‐dependent pathways in endothelium at day 3 post‐infection, revealing the distinctive responses in different cell types. Notably, viral infection causes the immune cell recruitment, endothelium detachment, and increased inflammatory cytokines release, suggesting the crucial role of immune cells involved in alveolar barrier injury and exacerbated inflammation. Treatment with remdesivir can inhibit viral replication and alleviate barrier disruption on chip. This organ chip model can closely mirror human‐relevant responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, which is difficult to be achieved by in vitro models, providing a unique platform for COVID‐19 research and drug development.
MacEmerg Podcast: A Novel Initiative to Connect a Distributed Community of Practice
Authors: Dong Junghwan Kevin , Khalid Maroof , Murdock Michelle , Dida Joana , Sample Spencer , Trotter Brendon , Chan Teresa M. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundRegional knowledge dissemination and information sharing is a challenge among physically divided groups of physicians. Many staff and resident physicians do not have easy access to share clinical and medical education and research information with each other in an academic setting. Our divisions of emergency medicine could benefit from a novel approach aimed at improving overall connection and collaborative engagement.InnovationBy harnessing the sociomateriality properties of podcasting, we could achieve the dual goals of better connecting our faculty as well as educating the audience on aspects of clinical practice and education that are especially relevant to our region. We sought to primarily draw on local expertise for content. We developed a standardized structure for our monthly releases, with each episode composed of a main faculty segment, a resident‐focused segment, and a medical education segment. Accessibility to the podcast was maximized through its publication across multiple platforms and detailed individual show notes were made available.OutcomesWe applied logic model methodology with the intended goal of having much of our content consumed by local faculty and trainees. Using Web‐based analytic data, we were able to ascertain the proportion and number of listens that occurred from within our local university‐affiliated and/or catchment region. Episodes averaged 227.7 ± 67.2 listens with an overall 44.1% of those originating from within our defined region.ReflectionGiven the number of regional listeners we are consistently reaching, we have been effective in serving to connect a widely distributed group of academic physicians. As we continue to grow the podcast, we plan on collecting quantitative data to better ascertain its effect on our stated goals.
Molecular simulations on the hydration and underwater oleophobicity of zwitterionic self‐assembled monolayers
Authors: Chen Zheng , Liao Mingrui , Zhang Lizhi , Zhou Jian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractZwitterionic materials have attracted increasing attentions in the underwater super‐oleophobic applications for its strong hydration via electrostatic interactions. Herein, molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the hydration and underwater oleophobicity of sulfobetaine‐terminated self‐assembled monolayers (SB‐SAMs) with different carbon spacer lengths (CSL) between oppositely charged groups of SB molecules. Simulation results show that the hydration of SB‐SAMs is positively dependent on CSL; the underwater oleophobicity is strengthened and then weakened with the increase of CSL, reaching optimal performance when CSL = 3; adhesion force of oil droplet on SB‐SAMs is inversely correlated with their contact angles, reaching the minimum value when CSL = 3. Moreover, the addition of NaCl can weaken the self‐association of SB molecules resulted from interactions between cationic and anionic groups, which promotes hydration and enhances underwater oleophobicity of SB‐SAMs. These results will benefit for the design of novel zwitterion‐based materials for anti‐fouling and oil–water separation applications.
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I newborn screening: Importance of second tier testing for ethnically diverse populations
Authors: Bosfield Kerri , Regier Debra S. , Viall Sarah , Hicks Rebecca , Shur Natasha , Grant Christina L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I)/Hurler syndrome newborn screening was added to the recommended uniform screening panel (RUSP) in 2016. As states have added screening for MPS I, programs have reported increased rates of false positives. Reasons for false positive screens include carrier status, true false positive, late‐onset/attenuated forms, and in about half of cases, pseudodeficiency alleles. These alleles have DNA variants that can cause falsely decreased enzyme activity on biochemical enzyme studies and have increased frequency in individuals of African American and African descent. We describe the District of Columbia (DC) experience with MPS I screening from December 2017 to February 2019. In the context of a review of the literature on newborn screening and family experiences and this DC‐based experience, we offer potential solutions to address preliminary concerns regarding this screening. The impact of overrepresentation of screen positives in a minority group and unintentional creation of health disparities and community wariness regarding medical genetics evaluations must be considered to improve the newborn screen programs nationally and internationally.
Atypical 7q11.23 deletions excluding ELN gene result in Williams–Beuren syndrome craniofacial features and neurocognitive profile
Authors: Alesi Viola , Loddo Sara , Orlando Valeria , Genovese Silvia , Di Tommaso Silvia , Liambo Maria Teresa , Pompili Daniele , Ferretti Daniele , Calacci Chiara , Catino Giorgia , Falasca Roberto , Dentici Maria Lisa , Novelli Antonio , Digilio Maria Cristina , Dallapiccola Bruno 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWilliams–Beurens syndrome (WBS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a recurrent 7q11.23 microdeletion. Clinical characteristics include typical facial dysmorphisms, weakness of connective tissue, short stature, mild to moderate intellectual disability and distinct behavioral phenotype. Cardiovascular diseases are common due to haploinsufficiency of ELN gene. A few cases of larger or smaller deletions have been reported spanning towards the centromeric or the telomeric regions, most of which included ELN gene. We report on three patients from two unrelated families, presenting with distinctive WBS features, harboring an atypical distal deletion excluding ELN gene. Our study supports a critical role of CLIP2, GTF2IRD1, and GTF2I gene in the WBS neurobehavioral profile and in craniofacial features, highlights a possible role of HIP1 in the autism spectrum disorder, and delineates a subgroup of WBS individuals with an atypical distal deletion not associated to an increased risk of cardiovascular defects.
Growth hormone deficiency in a child with branchio‐oto‐renal spectrum disorder: Clinical evidence of EYA1 in pituitary development and a recommendation for pituitary function surveillance
Authors: Muthusamy Karthik , Hanna Christian , Johnson Derek R. , Cramer Carl H. , Tebben Peter J. , Libi Sharon E. , Poling Gayla L. , Lanpher Brendan C. , Morava Eva , Schimmenti Lisa A. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBranchio‐oto‐renal spectrum disorder (BORSD) is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by ear abnormalities with hard of hearing/deafness, second branchial arch malformations and renal anomalies. Pathogenic variations in EYA1 gene are found in the majority of clinically diagnosed individuals with BORSD. We describe an infant with BORSD related to a paternally inherited heterozygous pathogenic variation in EYA1 gene presenting with poor growth and hypoglycemia due to growth hormone deficiency. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a diminutive pituitary gland and morphologically abnormal sella. Upon initiation of growth hormone therapy, the hypoglycemia resolved and catch up growth ensued. Pituitary abnormalities have not been reported previously in patients with BORSD. The zebrafish ortholog of eya1 is important for the development of adenohypophysis, suggesting that this patient's growth hormone deficiency and pituitary abnormality are part of BORSD. Inclusion of screening for pituitary hormone deficiency and pituitary imaging should be considered as a part of surveillance in patients with BORSD.