bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fall risk among older adults residing in Bharatpur, Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Limbu Jogmaya , Poudyal Sunita 
Published: October 2020

Background: Falls in older people is a common serious health problem that has profound im­pact on overall health and quality of life of older people. The aim of this study was to assess the fall risk among older adults.
Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among older adults residing in Bharatpur, Chitwan. A total of 98 older adults were selected by using simple random sampling technique. The data were collected by using structured interview schedule and fall risk was as­sessed by Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. Data were collected from 23rd June, 2019 to 7th July, 2019. Obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The study findings revealed that more than half (60.2%) of the older adults were from the age group of ≤79 years, male (63.3%) and almost half (50%) were illiterate. Nearly all (96.9%) older adults were living with their family however, 50% were undernourished (BMI- <22.9). Ma­jorities (66.3%) were suffering from chronic diseases and had been taking medicine. Majority of older adults reported vision problem (64.3%) and hearing problem (60.2%). However, only 8.2% reported history of fall within last 6-12 months. More than half (59.2%) of the older adults had high risk of fall and found significant association with age (p=0.039) and vision problem (p=0.043).
Conclusions: More than half of the older adults are in risk of falls. Therefore, more emphasis should be given in screening the older people for fall risk factors as preventive measures.
Practice regarding care of endotracheal tube among nurses working in teaching hospital, Bharatpur
Authors: Adhikari Kanchan Mijar , Subba Hem Kumari 
Published: October 2020

Background:Endotracheal intubation is a most common procedure to maintain oxygenation and ventilation among the patients who admitted to critical care unit. So, meticulous care is necessary to maintain airway patency and prevent from complications. The objective of the study was to assess the practice regarding care of endotracheal tube among nurses working at teaching hospital, Bharatpur.
Methods: A descriptive, cross- sectional study was conducted among 56 nurses working in critical care units of a teaching hospital, Chitwan. Sample was selected by using non probability, consecu­tive sampling technique. Data were collected through structured self-administered questionnaire to measure the socio-demographic and professional related information and observation checklist was used to measure the practice regarding care of endotracheal tube. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics to find out the association between variables.
Results: Majority (89.3%) of the nurses were above 20 years old, 71.4% of them were completed Proficiency Certificate Level, 60.7% had work experience of equal and less than one year in critical care unit and all of them participated in in-service education. Among 56 nurses, 57.1% had satis­factory level of practice regarding care of endotracheal tube. Nurses had highest mean practice score (79.55%) on suctioning and lowest score (19.22%) on cuff pressure management.
Conclusions: It is concluded that nurses had marginally satisfactory level of practice regarding care of endotracheal tube. Hence, there is need to provide regular training for nurses regarding patient’s care with endotracheal tube.
Variations in formation of median nerve: a cadaveric study
Authors: Hada Shanta , Kadel Muna , Pandit Tinku Kumari , Basnet Kishore Singh 
Published: October 2020

Background: Median nerve is generally formed in axilla, as one of the branch of brachial plexus. It is formed by the union of medial and lateral roots which are the branches of me­dial and lateral cord respectively. The knowledge of origin, course and area of distribution of median nerve is important for the anatomist, the neurologist and also for correction of traumatic injuries that are related to brachial plexus. The main objective of this study is to observe different variations in median nerve formation in cadavers.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 25 formalin fixed adult human ca­davers in the Department of Anatomy, KIST Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Lalitpur Ethical approval was taken. Altogether, 50 specimens were enrolled in the study by convenient sampling method. The calculation was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20 (SPSS).
Results: In this study the formation of median nerve was observed to be normal in 78% of the cases. In 20% cases three roots were forming the median nerve and in 2% cases four roots were present. Among these variations in 18% cases the additional roots were observed to be given by the lateral cord of the brachial plexus.
Conclusions: This study concludes that most of the median nerve forms in axilla by the union of two roots with few variations.
Perbedaan Locus of Control ditinjau dari Perspektif Agama pada Siswa SMA
Authors: Sujadi Eko , Meditamar Muhammad Odha 
Published: October 2020

Locus of control merupakan salah satu aspek psikologis yang ada pada diri manusia. Setiap individu memiliki perbedaan dalam locus of control. Perbedaan ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah agama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan locus of control penganut Agama Islam, Katolik dan Protestan, serta mengungkapkan perbedaan locus of control dari ketiga penganut agama tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif dan komparatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yakni random sampling dengan jumlah total 546 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Rotter's Internal-External Locus of Control Scale. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan anova satu arah. Temuan penelitian ini meliputi: 1) locus of control penganut agama Islam, Protestan dan Katolik berada pada kategori internal locus of control; dan 2) tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan locus of control antara tiga penganut agama tersebut. Peneliti memberi saran kepada seluruh penganut agama di Indonesia bahwa penting untuk memiliki internal locus of control. Internal locus of control yang dimaksud yakni meyakini bahwa diri memiliki kapasitas dan kontribusi untuk menentukan kehidupan namun dengan tidak melepaskan kewajiban berketuhanan.
Identifikasi Pola Penyakit Pada Citra Iris Mata dengan RBF Neural Network
Authors: Yohandy Daniel Hadrian , Wiranata I Made Normo , Ferbia Tea Qaula 
Published: October 2020

AbstrakGaya kehidupan manusia semakin beragam dan padat sehingga banyak terjadi dimana penyakit dan gangguan pada tubuh diketahui ketika sudah dalam kondisi parah. Kebanyakan manusia tidak disiplin dalam memantau kesehatan mereka karena dirasa belum ada cara yang mudah dan efisien, cara yang mayoritas digunakan adalah check-up ke rumah sakit. Iris mata manusia dapat menjadi salah satu media atau sarana dalam mengenali gangguan kondisi tubuh seseorang. Pola yang muncul pada iris mata dapat dikenali dengan bantuan teknologi jaringan saraf tiruan yang salah satunya adalah metode RBF yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini. Hasil yang ditemui pada penelitian ini adalah penggunaan metode RBF mampu untuk mengenali pola yang ada di iris mata, dan dapat memberikan hasil pengenalan penyakit kompleks dan stress dengan akurasi yang dibilang masih rata-rata (sekitar 50%). Kata Kunci: Penyakit, Iris Mata, Pola, RBF AbstractHuman lifestyle is more diverse and dense, so much happening where disease and disturbance in the body are known when it is in severe condition. Most humans are not disciplined in monitoring their health because it feels there is no easy and efficient way, the way that the majority used is the check-up to the hospital. The iris of the human eye can be one of the media or means in recognizing a person's body condition disorder. Patterns that appear on the iris can be identified with the help of artificial neural network technology one of which is the RBF method used in this study. The results found in this study are the use of RBF method to recognize the existing pattern in the iris and can provide the results of the introduction of complex diseases and stress with an accuracy that is still fairly average (about 50%). Keywords: Disease, Eye Iris, Pattern, RBF
Verifikasi Citra Tanda Tangan Menggunakan Metode Prewitt dan Learning Vector Quantization
Authors: Sefta Asfanji , Hidayatulloh Syarif 
Published: October 2020

AbstrakTanda tangan adalah salah satu bukti persetujuan dari seseorang, Jadi tanda tangan ini memiliki arti yang sangat penting. Sering terjadi Kasus pemalsuan tanda tangan, antara lain disebabkan oleh sistem verifikasi yang tidak baik. Verifikasi tanda tangan ini kebanyakan dilakukan secara manual, Yaitu dengan membandingkan langsung dengan menggunakan mata Manusia yang memiliki banyak kelemahan. Jadi ketelitian dan keakuratan hasil yang diinginkan sering kurang memuaskan. Metode yang saya gunakan dalam membangun aplikasi verifikasi tanda tangan ini adalah dengan menggunakan metode Edge Detection dan metode Vector Quantization Learning. Program ini dibangun menggunakan Matlab. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari pengujian sistem verifikasi tanda tangan dengan menerapkan metode edge detection operator prewitt dan metode Learning vector Quantization dengan penghitung vektor, maka diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa Metode Edge Detection operator prewitt dan Learning Vector Quantization dengan penghitung vektor dapat mengekstraksi fitur tanda tangan untuk memproses vektor yang digunakan dalam penghitungan vektor untuk mengenali tanda tangan yang asli dan yang palsu pada aplikasi verifikasi tanda tangan yang membantu memverifikasi tanda tangan sehingga meminimalisasi pemalsuan tanda tangan. Kata Kunci : Citra, Edge Detection, Vector Quantization Learning, Tanda Tangan AbstractThe signature is one of the proof of approval from a person, so this signature has a very important meaning. There are often cases of signature forgery, partly due to a poor verification system. This signature verification is mostly done manually, that is by comparing it directly using the eyes of a human who has many weaknesses. So the accuracy and accuracy of the desired results are often unsatisfactory. The method that I use in building this signature verification application is to use the Edge Detection method and the Vector Quantization Learning method. This program is built using Matlab. Based on the research results obtained from the signature verification system testing by applying edge detection operator prewitt method and Learning vector Quantization method with vector counters, the conclusion is that the Edge Detection Method operator prewitt and Learning Vector Quantization with vector counters can extract signature features to process vectors used in vector counting to identify original and fake signatures in the signature verification application that helps verify the signature so as to minimize signature falsification. Keywords: Image, Edge Detection, Vector Quantization Learning, Signature
A design concept of a device for measuring air flow resistance in vehicle filters
Authors: Misztuk Adrian 
Published: October 2020

Internal combustion engines have to be supplied with adequate amounts of fuel and air. The required amount of fuel and air is determined by the engine controller to guarantee that the fuel reaching the cylinder is burned effectively and that the composition of exhaust gas meets standard requirements. The air supplied to an internal combustion engine has to be adequately filtered because impurities reaching the engine can accelerate the wear of engine components. The air intake system features a filtering partition which captures impurities and prevents them from reaching the engine. However, the filtering process decreases the rate at which cylinders are filled with fresh air, which can compromise engine performance. Therefore, effective solutions are needed to ensure that the flow of filtered air does not significantly decrease the volumetric efficiency of cylinders.
This study presents a design concept of a device for measuring pressure in the air intake system in front of and behind the filtering partition. The proposed device can be useful for measuring filter wear. A prototype of the proposed device was built and tested on several air filters. To eliminate throttle valve impacts, the device was tested in a compression ignition engine. The results of the conducted tests demonstrated that the device correctly measured air flow. The conducted measurements also revealed that the presence of impurities in the air filter induced differences in pressure in the air intake system in front of and behind the filtering partition. The maximum air flow resistance in a clogged filter could be even 100% higher than in a brand new filter.
W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono koncepcję stanowiska umożliwiającego prowadzenie pomiarów ciśnienia panującego w kanale dolotowym silnika przed i za przegrodą filtracyjną powietrza, które mogą być przydatne przy określaniu stopnia jej zużycia. Dodatkowo zbudowano prototyp urządzenia i w celu weryfikacji poprawności jego działania przeprowadzono za jego pomocą badania przykładowych filtrów. Badania wykonano z użyciem silnika spalinowego o zapłonie samoczynnym. Wyniki pomiarów potwierdzają działanie urządzenia oraz obrazują zależności pomiędzy filtrami o różnym stopniu zużycia. Okazuje się, że maksymalny opór przepływu zużytego wkładu filtracyjnego może być nawet o ok. 100% większy niż w przypadku nowego wkładu filtracyjnego.
Auxiliary clitics in Polish
Authors: Jagódzka Dorota 
Published: October 2020

Polish auxiliary clitics constitute an interesting set of data which draws attention to cross-linguistic differences among Slavic languages. A general principle for clitic placement in Indo-European languages is the one described by Jacob Wackernagel in his 1892 work. He concluded that clitics appeared in the second position in the clause, after the first word in a sentence. This pattern was true to some degree in Old Church Slavonic and still holds for a number of contemporary Slavic languages e.g. Serbo-Croatian, Slovene, Czech and Slovak which have second position clitics. Bulgarian and Macedonian have verb adjacent pronominal clitics and Polish has auxiliary clitics (Migdalski 2007, 2010, Pancheva 2005). Also in the older versions of Polish language the above mentioned tendency was strong.
In Modern Polish auxiliary clitics attach to the l-participle most frequently. However, one of the unusual properties they possess is the ability to choose almost every clausal element for their host. Polish auxiliary clitics can trigger morphophonological alternations on their hosts, which is an affix-like property; however, at the same time they display clearly clitic-like behaviour when they attach freely to words of any lexical class.
The aim of this paper is to present and analyze the morpho-syntactic properties of two kinds of auxiliary clitics: bound and free. The bound clitics carry person-number agreement markers for past tense (the so called ‘floating’ or ‘mobile’ inflections). The free clitic is the morpheme by used for conditional and subjunctive mood.
Peran Tokoh Adat Dalam Melestarikan Pernikahan Adat Mata Malam Subsuku Dayak Sawe
Authors: Saputra Juri , Suseka Septha 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertolak dari fenomena bahwa mulai lunturnya pelaksanaan pernikahan adat mata malam subsuku Dayak Sawe. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendeskripsikan peran tokoh adat dalam melestarikan pernikahan adat mata malam pada subsuku Dayak Sawe. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan jenis studi etnografi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) makna yang terkandung dalam pernikahan adat mata malam, yaitu kerukunan, ketaatan, keseimbangan hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan,alam dan sesama. (2) kendala yang dihadapi tokoh adat, yaitu teknologi komunikasi, masuknya budaya luar, generasi muda lebih tertarik pada budaya modern, masuknya agama Kristen yang menekankan tentang iman daripada tradisi (3) upaya yang dilakukan, antara lain tokoh adat melibatkan anak usia muda dalam setiap kegiatan adat, memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat bahwa menikah secara adat sangat penting sebagai upaya menjaga kelestarian adat dan cinta akan adat.This research departs from the phenomenon that the start of the fading of the traditional marriage mata malam of the subsuku Dayak Sawe. The purpose of this study was to describe the role of traditional leaders in preserving the traditional marriage mata malam of the subsuku Dayak Sawe.This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to the type of ethnographic study. Data collection techniques are done by observation, interview and documentation. Data analysis technique is done by data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that (1) the meaning contained in the traditional wedding of the night eye, namely harmony, obedience, the balance of human relations with God, nature and others, (2) the obstacles faced by traditional leaders, namely communication technology, the entry of foreign cultures, the younger generation being more interested in modern culture, the inclusion of Christianity which emphasizes faith rather than tradition (3) efforts are made, including traditional leaders involving young children in every customary activity, provides an understanding to the community that marrying in a customary manner is very important as an effort to preserve custom and love for adat.
Pembelajaran Peer Group Learning dalam Meningkatkan Prestasi Belajar Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan
Authors: Hakim Lalu Syamsul 
Published: October 2020

Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui penerapan metode tutor teman sebaya dalam meningkatkan prestasi belajar PKn siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 1 Praya. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan penelitian tindakan kelas, subjek siswa kelas 3, pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan dokumentasi, analisis data pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian: 1) Rata-rata nilai pada kegiatan pratindakan adalah 60,67 dengan nilai tertinggi yaitu 80 dan nilai terendah 60. Siswa yang sudah mencapai KKM 75 berjumlah 5 siswa dan siswa yang belum tuntas berjumlah 32 siswa. 2) Rata-rata nilai pada penelitian siklus I adalah 73,9 dengan nilai tertinggi yaitu 85 dan nilai terendah yaitu 65. Siswa yang sudah mencapai KKM berjumlah 16 siswa dan siswa yang belum tuntas berjumlah 21 siswa. 3) Rata-rata nilai pada penelitian siklus II adalah 83,93 dengan nilai tertinggi yaitu 90 dan nilai terendah yaitu 70. Siswa yang sudah mencapai KKM berjumlah 32 siswa dan yang belum tuntas berjumlah 5 siswa.Abstract: This research was conducted to determine the application of the peer tutor method in improving the Civics learning achievement of class X students of SMK Negeri 1 Praya. The research method used a classroom action research approach, the subject of grade 3 students, data collection using observation and documentation, data analysis with qualitative and quantitative descriptive approaches. Results of the study: 1) The average value of the pre-action activity was 60.67 with the highest score of 80 and the lowest score of 60. Students who have reached KKM 75 are 5 students and students who have not completed are 32 students. 2) The average value in the first cycle research was 73.9 with the highest score of 85 and the lowest score of 65. There were 16 students who had reached the KKM and 21 students who had not completed it. 3) The average value in the second cycle of research is 83.93 with the highest score of 90 and the lowest score of 70. Students who have reached the KKM are 32 students and those who have not completed are 5 students.
Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Memotivasi Guru Honorer Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Kompetensi Profesionalitas
Authors: Hafsah Hafsah , Fahmi Muhammad Rizal 
Published: October 2020

Guru merupakan faktor kunci mutu pendidikan dan kemajuan sebuah bangsa. Negara yang kurang memperhatikan tenaga pendidiknya akan sulit maju, karena kualitas generasi penerus di tentukan oleh guru. Untuk itu, tujuan dalam artikel ini adalah menjelaskan peran kepala sekolah dalam memotivasi guru honorer untuk meningkatkan kualitas kompetensi profesionalitas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Jenis wawancara yang di gunakan adalah wawancara terstruktur, dan tidak terstruktur. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis interaktif. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan dampak bahwa peran kepala sekolah dalam memotivasi guru honorer dapat meningkatkan kualitas kompetensi profesionalitas dengan cara menggunakan strategi pengembengan kompetensi profesionalitas guru berupa memberi motivasi, mengevaluasi kinerja guru secara berkala, memberikan pembinaan dan penguatan kepada guru, dan memberikan pelatihan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi melalui seminar, FGD, pelatihan dan workshop kompetensi profesionalitas. The teacher is a critical factor in the quality of education and the progress of a nation. Countries that pay less attention to their educators will find it challenging to progress because the teacher determines the next generation's rate. For this reason, the purpose of this article is to explain the role of school principals in motivating honorary teachers to improve the quality of professional competence. The method used in this research is qualitative research methods. Data collection methods in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation. The type of talk that is used is structured and unstructured interviews. The data analysis technique used interactive analysis. The results of this study have an impact that the role of the principal in motivating honorary teachers can improve the quality of professional competence by using a strategy of developing teacher professional competence in the form of encouraging, evaluating teacher performance regularly, providing guidance, and strengthening to teachers, and providing training to improve competence through seminars, FGDs, training and professional competency workshops.
Treating Ichthyotoxin Poisoning Induced by Gar ‎Eggs Ingestion
Authors: Martin Hailey , Akpunonu Peter 
Published: October 2020

Background: A Gar is a primarily freshwater fish that resides in North America. The flesh of a garfish is edible; however, the eggs and any meat surrounding the eggs are highly toxic to humans. The toxicity is induced by the protein ichthyotoxin.
Case Report: The studied patient was an 18-year-old male who ingested 2-3 spoons full of gar eggs in their residence place. Each spoon full contained 40-50 eggs. The estimated total amount of consumed eggs equaled 3 teaspoons. Approximately one hour after eating the eggs, the patient began to feel unwell. Upon arrival at the local Children’s Hospital, the patient was experiencing nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and sweating.
Conclusion: Patients affected by gar eggs should be treated symptomatically, given there is no antidote or specific treatment for ichthyotoxin. Further research is required on the mechanism that makes ichthyotoxin toxic. Luckily, the presented patient presented no seizures due to the toxin and the care providers could manage the related symptoms.