bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anticholinergic Toxicity Associated with Lupine Seeds Ingestion—A Case Report
Authors: Al-Abdouh, MD Ahmad , Alrawashdeh, MD Hamzeh Mohammad , Khalaf, MD Ahmad , Alnawaiseh Ibrahim 
Published: January 2020

Lupine, a member of the legume family, is also known as lupines in the USA and as Turmus in the Middle East. Lupine seeds are consumed as an appetizer and in herbal therapy for diabetes mellitus in the Middle East. Quinolizidine alkaloids are found in various plants belonging to the Lupinus genus although the nature and level of these alkaloids are highly variable between species; these compounds are known to cause anticholinergic symptoms. We present a case for a 40-year old woman who presented with blurry vision, nausea, abdominal pain, dizziness, disorientation, and severe mouth dryness for one hour prior to presentation. She ate partially debittered lupine seeds about an hour prior to her complaints. On physical exam, she was found to have sinus tachycardia, bilateral fixed dilated pupils and facial flushing. Lab tests and brain imaging were unremarkable, and the lupine seeds ingestion was presumed to be the cause of her complaints. She was admitted for observation for 24 hours and her symptoms resolved spontaneously.
Implementasi Evidence Based Nursing pada Pasien dengan Stroke Non-Hemoragik: Studi Kasus
Authors: Kharti Gempitasari Filya , Betriana Feni 
Published: January 2020

<p><em>Stroke is a clinical syndrome which is characterized by loss of brain function acutely and can lead to death. Patients with stroke often experience declining of consciousness which lead to decreasing the quality of life. To reach the good outcome of nursing care, it is needed to implement evidence-based nursing. This case study is the implementation of evidence-based nursing by providing murrotal therapy and head-up positioning 30 degree to increase patient’s level of consciousness and oxygen saturation. The murrotal therapy was implemented for seven days and head-up positioning 30 degree was implemented for three days. After each implementation, the patient was evaluated by assessing the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and oxygen saturation. The results showed an increasing of the level of consciousness after murrotal therapy was given from GCS 7 in the first day of implementation to GCS 11 in the 7<sup>th</sup> day. Oxygen saturation increased for 1.5% in average. To reach optimal outcome, implementation of evidence-based nursing in providing nursing care is highly recommended.</em></p><p> </p><p><em>Stroke merupakan suatu sindrom klinis yang ditandai dengan hilangnya fungsi otak secara akut dan dapat menimbulkan kematian. Pasien dengan stroke seringkali mengalami penurunan kesadaran sehingga menyebabkan kualitas hidup menurun. Untuk mencapai hasil perawatan yang baik, diperlukan implementasi evidence-based nursing. Studi kasus ini merupakan implementasi evidence-based nursing dengan memberikan terapi murrotal dan pengaturan posisi kepala head-up 30 derajat untuk meningkatkan tingkat kesadaran dan saturasi oksigen pada pasien dengan stroke. Terapi murrotal diaplikasikan selama tujuh hari dan pengaturan posisi kepala head-up 30 derajat diaplikasikan selama tiga hari. Setelah setiap intervensi yang dilakukan, pasien dievaluasi dengan penilaian Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) dan saturasi oksigen. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kesadaran pasien setiap hari setelah dilakukan terapi murotal dari GCS 7 pada hari ke-1 menjadi GCS 11 pada hari ke-7. Saturasi oksigen mengalami peningkatan rata-rata 1,5%. Untuk mencapai hasil perawatan yang optimal, penerapan evidence-based nursing dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan sangat direkomendasikan. </em></p>
Formulation and evaluation of chewable tablets of Desloratadine prepared by aqueous and non-aqueous techniques
Authors: Abbas Muhammad , Abbas Musharraf , Tariq Fatima , Yasin Rabiya , Nabeel Muhammad 
Published: January 2020

In the modern era, chewable tablets are preferred over conventional dosage forms by pediatric, geriatric and bedridden patients due to difficulty in swallowing, lesser amount of water for swallowing medications as well as unable to tolerate the bitter taste of certain drugs. Chewable tablets of Desloratadine (DS) were formulated by aqueous and non-aqueous granulation method using water paste and Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) as a wetting agents respectively. Desloratadine is used to treat the symptoms of allergy such as sneezing, watery eyes. In the recent research, we have formulated eight trials by various concentrations of excipients. For instance; lactose, talcum, magnesium stearate, blue color, flavor, aspartame, mannitol, avicel 101 and polyvenylpyrollidine (PVP). Pre-compression and post compression parameters (thickness, hardness, friability weight variation and drug content) of the formulations were evaluated. B3 was our optimum dosage form because its Hausner’s ratio, compressibility index, bulk density, tap density, angle of repose have optimum values i.e. 1.01, 5.1%, 0.66(g/cc), 0.69(g/cc), 26.1º respectively and post-compression i.e. thickness, hardness, friability weight variation and drug content have values, 2.9mm, 3.9(kg/cm²), 0.6%, 99.5% respectively. Tablets prepared by wet granulation technique showed reasonable release profile i.e. 100% within the required time i.e. 2 hours. Moreover, organoleptic evaluation of all formulations were performed.
Keywords: Desloratadine, chewable, magnesium stearate, aspartame, compressibility, granulation.
Current Approaches on Gastroretentive Drug Delivery systems
Authors: Pund Aniket Uttam , Shendge Raosaheb Sopanrao , Pote Ajinkya Kailas 
Published: January 2020

Over recent years, there have been many efforts to develop the absorption rate of medications and the therapeutic efficacy of oral dosage types. GRDDS for strengthen the pharmacological effects of drugs with a small uptake site, are unbalanced at pH greater than 7, are dissolved under acidic region, and are effective local region in the stomach. The gastro retentive systems that have the different evaluation parameter that according to the dosage forms. There are many criteria for the choosing of the drug used in the gastro-retardant systems as the drug should be sparingly stable, it should be compatible with the gastric region, and narrow absorption. In this review, we have summarized the information related to the various approaches for enhancing and prolonging of the dosage forms in the stomach for their extended-release of action. Also talking about the many natural and synthetic polymers is used in the formulation with their different grade and their ratio that affects on the release action. The many scientist and inventors have increased their interest in developing the novel dosage forms and they staying in the stomach for showing the prolonged period action. We have also discussed the novel technology are involved in the gastric retention many companies has been developed the polymer grades for using it in the formulation for showing the retention action.
Keywords: Introduction, Approaches, Novel technologies, Polymer used in floating systems.
Tirosyne Kinase Inhibithors (TKIs) in the Treatment of Non –Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), Practical Pharmacological Aspects
Authors: Grigorescu Alexandru C. , Teodorescu Laura Mihaela 
Published: January 2020

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors are new drugs developed in the last decade. For Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer this drug brought more hope for patients with this disease. Also TKIs are better tolerated then chemotherapy. The efficacy of TKIs is dependent of the presence of Epidermal Grows Factor Receptor gene mutation. This mutation account for about 9% of patients with lung cancer in Europe. This short review try to give the minimal knowledge to clinicians, especially medical oncologists, about mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics of TKIs used in the treatment NSCLC.
Keywords: Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKI); Non -Small Cell Lung Cancer; Pharmacokinetics aspects
Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Topical Gel Containing Leaves Extract of Andrographis paniculata
Authors: Samuel Aney Joice , Mulla Nida 
Published: January 2020

Objective: The present study has been undertaken with the aim to formulate and evaluate the gel contaning leaf extract of Andrographis Paniculata.
Methodology and results: The formulation was designed by using alcoholic extract of leaves of Andrographis paniculata.The gel was prepared by using carbapol 934, triethanolamine, propylene glycol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben and required amount of distilled water. The prepared gel was evaluated for physical appearance, pH, spread ability, viscosity, extrudability, albumin denaturation assay and stability.
Conclusion: Carbopol gels with dried leaves extract of Andrographis paniculata could be prepared successfully.
Key words: Topical gel,Kalmegh, Spreadability, Albumin denaturation
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI ANTI MALING PADA KENDARAAN BERMOTOR RODA DUA MENGGUNAKAN GPS (Global Positioning System) BERBASIS INTERNET
Authors: Raiza Raiza , Sudarsana I Wayan , Resnawati Resnawati 
Published: January 2020

RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI ANTI MALING PADA KENDARAAN BERMOTOR RODA DUA MENGGUNAKAN GPS (Global Positioning System) BERBASIS INTERNET
MEMBANGUN MODEL PENYEBARAN HAMA DAN PENYAKIT PADA BAWANG MERAH PALU (Allium ascalonicum L.)
Authors: Mutmainnah M , Ratianingsih R , Nacong N 
Published: January 2020

MEMBANGUN MODEL PENYEBARAN HAMA DAN PENYAKIT PADA BAWANG MERAH PALU (Allium ascalonicum L.)
ANALISIS KESTABILAN MODEL MATEMATIKA PENYEBARAN PENYAKIT SIFILIS PADA MANUSIA
Authors: Muliyani N , Ratianingsih R , Nacong N 
Published: January 2020

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum spiroset subspecies pallidum. Transmitted through sexual contact, the infection can also be transfered from mother to fetus during pregnancy or at birth, that causes congenital syphilis. The mathematical model that represents the spread of the disease was adapted from a mathematical model SEI. The model classifiles human population into vulnerable suscepted women and men, Exposed , and Infected , sub-populations of women vulnerable , sub-populations women incubation period , sub-populations of women infected and a sub-population of men vulnerable , sub-populations incubation period male , sub-populations laki- infected men considered in the model. The derived models gives two critical point that is free disease and endemic critical point. The existence of a critical point must satisfye and . The model was analyzed by the linierized method and Routh-Hurwitz criteria to determine the system stability. The simulation shows that, in case of free-disease syphilis spread condition, the population of women and men has increased. The growth of women population is higher than the men population. it means that the spread of syphilis occurs faster in the men sub-population. In endemic condition of syphilis disease spread, the women population will growth rapidly than the men population.
PELABELAN L(d,2,1) PADA OPERASI KOMPLEMEN DAN KORONA GRAF LINTASAN DAN SIKLUS
Authors: Natalia R , Sudarsana I W , Musdalifah S 
Published: January 2020

Let be a graph with vertices and edges. An labeling of graph is a function of such that the following condition for where denoted the on distance of two vertices and and for . A number is called the span of labeling, if is the largest label vertex of labeling. Notation states that the smallest span of all labeling on a graph . An injective labeling is called and a minimum span of all labeling denoted by . A graph which has labeling is called the graph. In this paper we study of such labeling by considering complement of path and cycle. The result showed that complement of path has , for and , for and complement of the cycle has for and , for and corona of two paths has . Therefor, the complement of paths the complement of cycle , and corona of two path are graph.
Identifikasi Benda-Benda Megalitik Terpendam Menggunakan Metode Geolistrik Hambatan Jenis di Situs Tadulako Kecamatan Lore Tengah Kabupaten Poso
Authors: Lama Yuyu Lamrens , Sandra Sandra , Maskur Maskur 
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian di Desa Doda Kecamatan Lore Tengah Kabupaten Poso, dengan judul Identifikasi Benda-Benda Megalitik Terpendam Menggunakan Metode Geolistrik Hambatan Jenis Di Situs Tadulako. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat sebaran bendabenda megalit yang masih terpendam dibawah permukaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode geolistrik hambatan jenis dengan Konfigurasi Wenner. Pengambilan data dilakukan sebanyak 4 lintasan yang tersebar di daerah penelitian. Pengolahan data menggunakan perangkat lunak Res2dinv untuk memperoleh nilai hambatan jenis yang diduga sebagai megalit terpendam. Keberadaan benda megalit diduga masih terdapat dibawah permukaan dengan indikasi nilai range hambatan jenis diatas 3.000 ohm meter. Sebaran megalit yang terpendam diduga tersebar ke arah barat lokasi penelitian pada kedalaman rata-rata 1–2 m.
Kata Kunci : Geolistrik, Hambatan Jenis, Megalit.
PROSES KONVERSI MINYAK GORENG BEKAS MENJADI POLIOL SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU BUSA POLIURETAN
Authors: Nofiyanti Estin , Wardani Gatut Ari 
Published: January 2020

Minyak goreng bekas yang bersifat karsinogenik dan selama ini menjadi limbah yang mencemari lingkungan berpotensi sebagai bahan baku pembuatan busa poliuretan yang bernilai ekonomis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkonversi minyak goreng bekas menjadi poliol dan selanjutnya dijadikan sebagai bahan baku busa poliuretan. Minyak goreng bekas dikonversi menjadi poliol melalui proses hidroksilasi menggunakan asam formiat dan asam peroksida. Proses pembuatan poliuretan ini direaksikan dengan Toluen diisosianat (TDI) dan PEG-400. Poliuretan dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR, perhitungan massa jenis dan nilai derajat penggembungan. Poliuretan yang terbentuk memeiliki massa jenis sebesar 0,38 g/mL dan nilai derajat penggembungan sebesar 13,21%.
RECOVERY REMAZOL YELLOW MENGGUNAKAN GEL KITOSAN TERTAUT SILANG GLUTARALDEHID
Authors: Nurhaeni Nurhaeni , Hardianti Desi , Hardi Jaya , Diharnaini Diharnaini , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa 
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang recovery Remazol yellow menggunakan gel kitosan tertaut silang glutaraldehid. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan persentasi recovery Remazol yellow menggunakan kitosan tertaut silang glutaraldehid terhadap pengaruh pH, waktu kontak dan konsentrasi larutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), pada variasi pH 2, 3, 4, 5 dan 6; variasi waktu kontak 6, 12, 18, 24 dan 30 jam; serta variasi konsentrasi larutan zat warna Remazol yellow 10, 15, 20, 25 dan 30 ppm, dan setiap perlakuan dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali pengulangan. Persentasi recovery terbaik diperoleh pada pH 6, waktu kontak 24 jam dan konsentrasi Remazol yellow 30 ppm dengan persentasi recovery masing-masing 77,39%, 79,68% dan 86,46%. Kata kunci : kitosan, glutaraldehid, recover, remazol yellow, tertaut silang
PERBANDINGAN KADAR MINERAL MAKRO DAN MIKRO PADA BERBAGAI JENIS UBI BANGGAI (Dioscorea sp.)
Authors: Lasampa Krisma Meylin , Khairuddin Khairuddin , Prismawiryanti Prismawiryanti , Sosidi Husain 
Published: January 2020

Penelitian tentang kandungan mineral makro kalium, natrium, magnesium dan mineral mikro seng yang terkandung dalam Ubi Banggai (Dioscorea sp) berwarna ungu, kuning dan putih telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan mineral makro dan mikro dari berbagai jenis ubi banggai (Dioscorea sp) berwarna ungu kuning dan putih. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kadar mineral yang terkandung dalam ubi banggai berwarna ungu rata-rata lebih tinggi daripada ubi banggai berwarna kuning dan putih. Kadar mineral kalium dalam ubi banggai berwarna ungu, kuning dan putih masing-masing sebesar 102,725 ppm; 57,65 ppm; 24,525 ppm, mineral natrium masing-masing sebesar 27,65 ppm; 11,575 ppm; 9,8 ppm, mineral magnesium masing-masing sebesar 11,13 ppm; 11,15 ppm; 11,03 ppm dan mineral seng masing-masing sebesar 21,95 ppm; 15,89 ppm; 15,51 ppm.Kata Kunci : Ubi banggai, kalium, natrium, magnesium, seng
PENENTUAN SUHU DAN pH HIDROLISIS KITOSAN DARI CANGKANG KEONG SAWAH (Pila ampullacea) TERHADAP BERAT MOLEKUL HIDROLISATNYA
Authors: Nurhaeni Nurhaeni , Sambali Angriani , Satrimafitrah Pasjan , Jusman Jusman 
Published: January 2020

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang penentuan suhu dan pH hidrolisis kitosan dari cangkang keong sawah (Pila ampullacea) terhadap berat molekul hidrolisatnya dengan menggunakan enzim α-amilase. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan suhu dan pH hidrolisis terbaik yang dapat menghasilkan hidrolisat kitosan dengan berat molekul yang rendah. Variasi suhu yang digunakan untuk menghidroisis kitosan dari keong sawah antara lain 300C, 400C, 500C, 600C dan 700C. Sedangkan pH hidrolisis yang diterapkan untuk menghidrolisis kitosan dari cangkang keong sawah antara lain 4,5; 5,0; 5,5; 6,0 dan 6,5. Pengujian berat molekul hidrolisat kitosan dilakukan dengan menerapkan metode Mark-Houwink dan parameter yang diamati adalah berat molekul hidrolisat kitosan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa suhu optimum hidrolisis kitosan yaitu suhu 500C dan menurunkan berat molekul menjadi 14.488 g/mol. Sedangkan untuk pH optimum hidrolisis adalah pH 5,5 dan menurunkan berat molekul 12.850 g/mol.Kata Kunci : hidrolisat kitosan, cangkang keong sawah, enzim α-amilase
AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI FRAKSI n-HEKSAN, KLOROFORM, ETIL ASETAT BUNGA KAMBOJA (Plumeria alba) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus DAN Salmonella typhi
Authors: Rupiniasih Ni nyoman , Indriani  , Syamsuddin  , Razak Abdul Rahman 
Published: January 2020

Tests on the inhibition extract of n-hexane fraction, extract of chloroform fraction and extract of ethyl acetate fraction of frangipani flower (Plumeria alba) on Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi has been done. This study aims to determine the activity of frangipani flower extract on the growth of S. aureus and S. typhi bacteria. Frangipani flowers was macerated using methanol solvents. The obtained methanol extract was partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate solvents, respectively. The three extracts were tested for antibacterial activity at a concentration of 10% using the diffusion well method. The test results showed that the n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions showed an inhibition zone of 9.77 mm, 20.89 mm and 19.44 against S. aureus whereas S. typhi showed an inhibition zone of 15.86 mm, 27.69 mm and 21.74 mm.
Keywords: Antibacterial, extract of frangipani flower, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi.
PERSEN DEGRADASI EKSTRAK ETANOL KELOPAK BUNGA ROSELLA (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) SELAMA PENYIMPANAN THE PERCENTAGE OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF ROSELLE PETALS (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) DURING STORAGE
Authors: Firmasari Firmasari , Sumarni Ni Ketut , Ruslan  , Ys Hardi 
Published: January 2020

Ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is more stable in low pH than in high pH. The research aims to monitor and determine the effect of ratio content in ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in tomato sauce and the pH effect on the percentage of ethanol extract degradation during storage. Two independent variables implemented in this study, are ratio content of ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in tomato sauce and pH. Ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in tomato sauce with ratio content 0,5:1; 1:1; and 1:0 (w/w) and adjusted to pH 2, pH 3, pH 4, pH 5 and pH 6, respectively were investigated. The absorbance measurement of Ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in tomato sauce was depend on each treatment, then analyzed using completely randomized design. The percentage of ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) degradation in tomato sauce decreased in ratio content 1:0 (w/w) at pH 2 with percentage content of degradation is 30.09%. Furthermore, after 10 days of storage, the highest percentage of ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in tomato sauce degradation is 93.33% with ratio content is 0.5:1 at pH 6 and the lowest is 30.09% with ratio content 1:0 at pH 2.
Keywords: Roselle petals, Ethanol Extract, Tomato Sauce, Percentage of Degradation
KARAKTERISASI SILIKA DARI ABU AMPAS TEBU
Authors: Paramitha Tifa , Saputra Tri Reksa , Aliah Amelia Nur , Tarigan Arijan Vevayose , Ghozali Mukhtar 
Published: January 2020

Silica has been successfully extracted from sugarcane bagasse ash by using alkali method. Extraction was carried out using sodium hydroxide solution to obtain sodium silicate solution and solid residue. Then, hydrochloric acid solution was added to sodium silicate solution until pH of solution was 7 and silica was formed. Furthermore, silica was heated in oven at 150 ˚C and calcined at 700 ˚C. Variation of this study were extraction time (1, 2 and 3 hours). The synthesized silica were characterized functional groups, acidity level, water adsorption ability and adsorption ability of Cu2+ ion. The results of FTIR analysis showed that all silica contain siloxane group. Silanol group did not appear because during calcination process occured the condensation reaction of silanol group. Other characterization results showed that silica with extraction time of 2 hours had highest acidity level, water adsorption ability and adsorption ability of Cu2+ ion, which were 6.201 mmol/gram, 86.41% and 92.55%.
Keywords : bagasse ash, extraction, silica, siloxane
APLIKASI EKSTRAK LIKOPEN DARI BUAH TOMAT APEL (Lycopersicum pyriforme) TERSALUT MALTODEKSTRIN PADA PENGOLAHAN MIE INSTAN FUNGSIONAL
Authors: Noviyandari Dini , Hardi Jaya , Mappiratu Mappiratu 
Published: January 2020

A research about the application of lycopene extract of tomato fruit (Lycopersicum pyriforme) coated with maltodextrin in functional instant noodle processing has been done. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of lycopene coated with maltodextrin concentration on the shelf life of functional instant noodle. The goal was reached by using various of lycopene coated with maltodextrin concentration i.e. 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm, 2000 ppm and 2500 ppm. The functional instant noodle was kept at room temperature for 49 days and it was measured every 7 days. The result showed that the shelf life of functional instant noodle increased with the increase of lycopene coated with maltodextrin concentration. The longest shelf life (354.79 days) was found in 2500 ppm of maltodextrin concentration.
Keywords: tomato, lycopene, instant noodle, shelf life
Heroic Journey of Katniss Everdeen in Suzanne Collins' Novel <em>Catching Fire</em>
Authors: Fakhruddin Rohmat Anang 
Published: January 2020

This research aims to reveal the journey of Katniss Everdeen by using monomyth cycle in Suzanne Collins’ novel Catching Fire (2009). This research used the literary criticism that employs the monomyth cycle of Joseph Campbell. The monomyth theory was used to explore Katniss’ heroic journey within the novel Catching Fire. All data were classified into the following stages of monomyth cycle: departure, initiation, and return. Each stage represented the development of Katniss’s traits during her journey. From the analysis, it was discovered that Katniss began her journey by adapting herself in Victor’s Village after winning the 74th Hunger Games. She began her journey after President Snow provided her a challenge to convince him to reduce the uprising acts in each District. She refused to return home since she must rescue Peeta. Therefore, this paper concludes that this novel can be a continuity step of Katniss’ Journey for transforming herself to be a heroine at the end of her Journey.