bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence of initial success for China exiting COVID-19 social distancing policy after achieving containment
Authors: Ainslie Kylie E. C. , Walters Caroline E. , Fu Han , Bhatia Sangeeta , Wang Haowei , Xi Xiaoyue , Baguelin Marc , Bhatt Samir , Boonyasiri Adhiratha , Boyd Olivia , Cattarino Lorenzo , Ciavarella Constanze , Cucunuba Zulma , Cuomo-Dannenburg Gina , Dighe Amy , Dorigatti Ilaria , van Elsland Sabine L , FitzJohn Rich , Gaythorpe Katy , Ghani Azra C , Green Will , Hamlet Arran , Hinsley Wes , Imai Natsuko , Jorgensen David , Knock Edward , Laydon Daniel , Nedjati-Gilani Gemma , Okell Lucy C , Siveroni Igor , Thompson Hayley A , Unwin H. Juliette T. , Verity Robert , Vollmer Michaela , Walker Patrick G T , Wang Yuanrong , Watson Oliver J , Whittaker Charles , Winskill Peter , Donnelly Christl A , Ferguson Neil M , Riley Steven 
Published: October 2020

Background: The COVID-19 epidemic was declared a Global Pandemic by WHO on 11 March 2020. By 24 March 2020, over 440,000 cases and almost 20,000 deaths had been reported worldwide. In response to the fast-growing epidemic, which began in the Chinese city of Wuhan, Hubei, China imposed strict social distancing in Wuhan on 23 January 2020 followed closely by similar measures in other provinces. These interventions have impacted economic productivity in China, and the ability of the Chinese economy to resume without restarting the epidemic was not clear. Methods: Using daily reported cases from mainland China and Hong Kong SAR, we estimated transmissibility over time and compared it to daily within-city movement, as a proxy for economic activity. Results: Initially, within-city movement and transmission were very strongly correlated in the five mainland provinces most affected by the epidemic and Beijing. However, that correlation decreased rapidly after the initial sharp fall in transmissibility. In general, towards the end of the study period, the correlation was no longer apparent, despite substantial increases in within-city movement. A similar analysis for Hong Kong shows that intermediate levels of local activity were maintained while avoiding a large outbreak. At the very end of the study period, when China began to experience the re-introduction of a small number of cases from Europe and the United States, there is an apparent up-tick in transmission. Conclusions: Although these results do not preclude future substantial increases in incidence, they suggest that after very intense social distancing (which resulted in containment), China successfully exited its lockdown to some degree. Elsewhere, movement data are being used as proxies for economic activity to assess the impact of interventions. The results presented here illustrate how the eventual decorrelation between transmission and movement is likely a key feature of successful COVID-19 exit strategies.
Practical and ethical complexities of MAiD: Examples from Quebec
Authors: Koksvik Gitte 
Published: October 2020

Background: Legally practiced assisted dying is an ethically complex area in need of empirical and conceptual work. International research suggests that providing assisted dying may be experienced as rewarding and meaningful but also emotionally and psychologically taxing, associated with feelings of loss and loneliness. Yet little research has been published to date, which attends to the long-term effects of providing assisted dying. In this article, I contribute to filling this gap in the literature using the Canadian province Quebec as an illustrative case. Medical aid in dying (MAiD) in the form of physician provided euthanasia has been a lawful end of life healthcare option in Quebec since December 2015 and significant research is currently emerging from this jurisdiction. Methods: In this article, I draw on nine in-depth interviews with Quebec physicians, all of whom engaged with end of life care in different ways. Results: Four of the interviewed physicians provided medical aid in dying (MAiD) and five did not. The major themes of MAiD in relation to aggressive treatment, conscientious objection and uneven distribution of work emerge, and it appeared clearly that MAiD was experienced and thought of as qualitatively different to other end of life procedures. Conclusions: Our findings expose a complexity and contentiousness within the practice, which remains under researched and underreported and indicate avenues where more research is needed.
<p><strong>Lappet moths (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) of Manipur, north east India: an updated checklist</strong></p>
Authors: IRUNGBAM JATISHWOR SINGH , GURULE SACHIN ARJUN , FRIC ZDENĚK FALTÝNEK 
Published: September 2020

An updated checklist of 35 species of Lasiocampidae from Manipur is presented in this report. The survey has been carried out for assessment of Lasiocampidae fauna of Shirui Mountains and surrounding areas of Manipur during 2016 to 2019. The materials collected during the survey were identified from 15 genera containing 24 species. 17 species were reported for the first time from Manipur. The 5 species viz. Euthrix improvisa, Eteinopla narcissus, Kunugia burmensis, Kunugia xichangensis, and Arguda viettei are new addition to known Indian Lasiocampidae fauna. Key words: Lasiocampidae, Moth, Manipur, North East India, New record, Shirui Mountain
Ruderal Plants Providing Bees Diversity on Rural Properties
Authors: Montagnana Paula Carolina , Campos Maria José de Oliveira 
Published: October 2020

Many are the anthropogenic drivers of pollinator decline, but the loss of suitable habitats, among other effects caused by agricultural intensification, deserves special attention. Reduction in the availability of floral resources negatively affects bee communities, compromising bee species composition, foraging behavior, corporal size, and fitness. Our study aims to understand whether the presence of herbaceous plants, acting as foraging sites, next to crops contributes to bee species richness in smallholder rural properties. Bee sampling was performed on smallholder rural properties in the municipality of Guapiara, southern São Paulo state. Individuals who visited the flowers of ruderal plants and crops were collected, using an entomological net, for ten months. A total of 61 bee species were identified, with the highest species richness being sampled in ruderal plant flowers in the three properties studied. Only in one property, ruderal plants hosted a more diverse bee assemblage (Shannon-Weiner and taxonomic diversity indices), but species composition differed from that sampled in crop plants (Jaccard index) in all properties. Thirty-two species were sampled exclusively in ruderal plants, versus 9 only in crops and 20 species in both types of plants. Pollen analysis showed that of the 22 species of bees that were sampled only on flowers of ruderal plants, 9 species carried pollen of tomato and one species of bee carried pollen of kabocha squash. Ruderal plants can provide an alternative food resource for pollinators, enabling these insects to remain in or be attracted to crop areas, where, in addition to visiting such plants, they also visit the cultivated plant flowers. Allowing coexistence between crops and ruderal plants, provided that the issues of plant health are observed, is a simple and low-cost measure for farmers and will provide both economic and environmental benefits.
The Nominal Species of the Bee Genus Centris Described by Johan Christian Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Vivallo Felipe 
Published: October 2020

In this paper the primary types of Centris bees described by the Danish entomologist Johan Christian Fabricius were studied. The primary types of C. flavifrons, C. analis, C. furcata, C. haemorrhoidalis, C. lanipes, C. longimana, C. similis, C. tabaniformis, and C. versicolor were analyzed, providing notes on their current status and depository. In addition, some photographs of selected species as well as morphological characteristics to recognize all Fabricius’ Centris bees are also provided.
Boosting a sub-10  nm nanogap array by plasmon-triggered waveguide resonance
Authors: Tian Yu , Wang Hailong , Geng Yijia , Cong Lili , Liu Yu , Xu Weiqing , Xu Shuping 
Published: October 2020

Gap-type metallic nanostructures are widely used in catalytic reactions, sensors, and photonics because the hotspot effect on these nanostructures supports giant local electromagnetic field enhancement. To achieve hotspots, researchers devote themselves to reducing gap distances, even to 1 nm. However, current techniques to fabricate such narrow gaps in large areas are still challenging. Herein, a new coupling way to boost the sub-10 nm plasmonic nanogap array is developed, based on the plasmon-triggered optical waveguide resonance via near-field coupling. This effect leads to an amplified local electromagnetic field within the gap regions equivalent to narrower gaps, which is evidenced experimentally by the surface-enhanced Raman scattering intensity of probed molecules located in the gap and the finite-difference time-domain numerical simulation results. This study provides a universal strategy to promote the performance of the existing hotspot configurations without changing their geometries.
Scientific and Methodological Approaches to the Evaluation of Marketing Management of Enterprises in the Context of International Diversification
Authors: Tanasiichuk Alona , Hromova Olha , Kovalchuk Svetlana , Perevozova Iryna , Khmelevskyi Oleg 
Published: September 2020

Marketing management of business activities in the context of international diversification involves the construction of an appropriate system of information gathering, study of foreign markets, planning, implementation and control of the marketing program, risk and profit assessment, effectiveness of marketing decisions, development of marketing strategy of the enterprise, which allows obtaining the maximum positive result with minimal marketing costs. In this study, further development of scientific and methodological approaches to determining the state of marketing management of the activities of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine under the conditions of international diversification, consisting in the identification of problematic issues arising in the course of international business diversification; quantitative and qualitative assessment and determination of the degree of diversification of the enterprise in different markets, as well as conducting market research of the most important business segments of consumers in foreign markets and selecting the optimal exit strategy of a diversified international markets.
Keywords: marketing management, concept of marketing management, international diversification, effectiveness of marketing management, planning, organization and control of enterprise marketing management, evaluation of the degree of diversification of activities, diversified company
Promoting a Culturally Safe Evaluation of an On-the-Land Wellness Program in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region
Authors: Ollier Mary , Giles Audrey R. , Etter Meghan , Ruttan Jimmy , Elanik Nellie , Goose Ruth , Ipana Esther 
Published: September 2020

In 2017, the Inuvialuit Regional Corporation partnered with a diverse research advisory team to understand how Project Jewel, a land-based program in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region, could be evaluated in a way that promotes cultural safety (i.e., in a way that addresses the social, historical, and economic contexts that shape participants’ experiences). We used community-based research methodology to approach the study, through which semi-structured interviews, sharing circles, and photovoice were identified by the community advisory board and research advisory team as appropriate research methods for this project. After piloting and evaluating these methods, we then used thematic analysis to analyze the data, which included images and transcripts, to identify the components of a culturally safe evaluation: centring the land, building relationships, working with words and pictures, and promoting benefit over harms through program aftercare. Our community-based research and findings provide a template of a meaningful evaluation framework that other on-the-land programs can use if contextualized within local cultural practices and values.
ANALISIS SENTIMEN GOJEK PADA MEDIA SOSIAL TWITTER DENGAN KLASIFIKASI SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE (SVM
Authors: Fitriyah Nur , Warsito Budi , Maruddani Di Asih I 
Published: September 2020

Appearance of PT Aplikasi Karya Anak Bangsa or as known as Gojek since 2015 give a convenience facility to people in Indonesia especially in daily activities. Sentiment analysis on Twitter social media can be the option to see how Gojek users respond to the services that have been provided. The response was classified into positive sentiment and negative sentiment using Support Vector Machine method with model evaluation 10-fold cross validation. The kernel used is the linear kernel and the RBF kernel. Data labeling can be done with manually and sentiment scoring. The test results showed that the RBF kernel gets overall accuracy and the highest kappa accuracy on manual data labeling and sentiment scoring. On manual data labeling, the overall accuracy is 79.19% and kappa accuracy is 16.52%. While the labeling of data with sentiment scoring obtained overall accuracy of 79.19% and kappa accuracy of 21%. The greater overall accuracy value and kappa accuracy obtained, the better performance of the classification model. Keywords: Gojek, Twitter, Support Vector Machine, overall accuracy, kappa accuracy
Replenishment and Maintenance of the Human Body (Timaeus77a–81e)
Authors: Schroeder Lea Aurelia 
Published: October 2020

AbstractScholarship on Plato'sTimaeushas paid relatively little attention toTim. 77a–81, a seemingly disjointed passage on topics including plants, respiration, blood circulation, and musical sounds. Despite this comparative neglect, commentators both ancient and modern have levelled a number of serious charges against Timaeus' remarks in the passage, questioning the coherence and explanatory power of what they take to be a theory of respiration. In this paper, I argue that the project of 77a–81e is not to sketch theories of respiration, circulation, and digestion (inter alia), but to explain how the human body is maintained in light of and despite constant environmental depletion. Further, I argue that in order to understand this account of “the replenishing system,” we need to understand Timaeus' striking analogy of the fish trap ornassa. Commentators have generally focused directly on the workings of the bodily construction that Timaeus likens to a fish trap, but without considering how we should understand the analogyquaanalogy. I develop a functional reading of the analogy that yields a coherent account of the replenishing system on which previous criticisms of Timaeus' remarks on respiration do not arise. Aside from lending greater unity to the passage, both internally and within its immediate context in the dialogue, this account of the replenishing system contributes to our understanding of Timaeus' reason-and-necessity explanatory framework as applied to the human body and has noteworthy implications for specific explanatory principles, in particular like-to-like motion and circular thrust.
Amine-functionalized magnetic activated carbon as an adsorbent for preconcentration and determination of acidic drugs in environmental water samples using HPLC-DAD
Authors: Akawa Mpingana Ndilimeke , Mogolodi Dimpe Kgogobi , Nomngongo Philiswa Nosizo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the present study, a convenient and highly effective method was developed for the quantification of acidic drugs in wastewater and river water samples. Ultrasonic-assisted magnetic solid phase extraction employing magnetic waste tyre-based activated carbon nanocomposite functionalized with [3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane as a cost-effective and efficient adsorbent was used for the extraction and preconcentration of acidic drugs (naproxen [NAP], ketoprofen (KET) and diclofenac [DIC]). The quantification of target analytes was achieved by high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector. Under optimum conditions, the detection limit, quantification limit and relative standard deviation obtained for the analytes of interest ranged from 0.38 to 0.76, 1.26 to 2.54 µg L−1 and 2.02 to 4.06%, respectively. The applicability of the developed method was assessed by the spike recovery tests and the relative recoveries proved that the method is reliable for the determination of acidic drugs in wastewater. Thereafter, the method was applied successfully for the determination of NAP, KET and DIC in river water, influent and effluent wastewater.
Tribological and nanomechanical properties of a lignin-based biopolymer
Authors: Broitman Esteban , Nedelcu Dumitru , Mazurchevici Simona-Nicoleta 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A research is reported on the nanomechanics and tribology of the Arboblend V2 Nature biopolymer (a 100% bio-based material, biodegradable, or resistant depending of application), being a mixture of different biopolymers such as lignin, polylactic acid, cellulose, biopolyamides, and other natural additives. The specimens were made by an industrial-scale injection molding machine. The nanoindentation characterization have unveiled that an increase in processing temperature from 160°C to 170°C produces a rise in hardness and elastic modulus of ∼20%. Tribological characterization against a bearing-steel counterface has shown that for both processing temperatures, the increase of the applied load or the increase of sliding speed will produce an increase of the friction coefficient (µ) and wear. At an applied load of 1 N (contact pressure of 104 MPa) and tracks in a direction perpendicular to the surface textured lines, the lowest µ ∼ 0.148 are for samples made T = 170°C, while for tracks parallel to the textured lines, the lowest µ ∼ 0.059 is obtained for samples made at T = 160°C. Experiments made at different ambient humidity have established that friction coefficient is higher at 0% RH or at 75% RH than at 33% RH. Our results show that the biopolymers Arboblend V2 Nature is a candidate to substitute some popular fossil-based thermoplastics in numerous tribological industrial applications.
Inverse source problem for the abstract fractional differential equation
Authors: Kostin Andrey B. , Piskarev Sergey I. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In a Banach space, the inverse source problem for a fractional differential equation with Caputo–Dzhrbashyan derivative is considered.
The initial and observation conditions are given by elements from

D
⁢

(
A
)

{D(A)}

, and the operator function on the right side is sufficiently smooth.
Two types of the observation operator are considered: integral and at the final point.
Under the assumptions that operator A is a generator of positive and compact semigroup the uniqueness, existence and stability of the solution are proved.
Conversion of sub-µm calcium carbonate (calcite) particles to hollow hydroxyapatite agglomerates in K2HPO4 solutions
Authors: Yanyan Sun , Guangxin Wang , Wuhui Li , Yaming Wang , Hayakawa Satoshi , Osaka Akiyoshi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Sub-µm CaCO3 (calcite; CC) particles were converted to calcium monohydrogenphosphate dihydrate (DCPD) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) via soaking treatments in K2HPO4 solutions with varied pH (3–12) and concentrations (0.1–1.5 M) at 37°C for up to 10 days. DCPD was derived from the solutions with pH ≤ 6; while hollow HAp was yielded when pH ≥ 7 in assemblies of petal-like crystallites. Results of magic angle spinning (MAS) and cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CP-MAS) NMR studies have shown that the HAp lattice has only PO4
2− but no HPO4
2− at B (phosphate) sites. Trace amounts of CO3
2− have occupied both A (OH) and B (PO4) sites, and H2O is adsorbed on surface crystallites. The primary crystallite size of HAp derived from Scherrer equation increases quickly in a 12 h period and becomes gradually stable afterward. Samples of particles soaked within 3 h in a temperature range of 20–80°C were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. It is shown that the rate constant of 1 M solution is about an order of magnitude greater than that of 0.1 M solution and the apparent activation energy is 33 kJ/mol. In this work, the conversion of CC to HAp can be quantitatively controlled to solve the problem of slow degradation of HAp.
Wearable robotic exoskeletons: A socio-philosophical perspective on Duchenne muscular dystrophy research
Authors: Kapeller Alexandra , Nagenborg Michael H. , Nizamis Kostas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecently, several research projects in the Netherlands have focused on the development of wearable robotic exoskeletons (WREs) for individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Such research on WREs is often treated solely within the disciplines of biomedical and mechanical engineering, overlooking insights from disability studies and philosophy of technology. We argue that mainly two such insights should receive attention: the problematization of the ableism connected to the individual model of disability and the stigmatization by assistive technology. While disability studies have largely rejected the individual model of disability, the engineering sciences seem to still locate disability in an individual’s body, not questioning their own problematization of disability. Additionally, philosophy of technology has argued that technologies are not neutral instruments but shape users’ actions and perceptions. The design of WREs may convey a message about the understanding of disability, which can be comprehended as a challenge and an opportunity: stigmatization needs to be avoided and positive views on disability can be evoked. This article aims to highlight the benefits of considering these socio-philosophical perspectives by examining the case of WREs for people with DMD and proposing design principles for WREs. These principles may enhance acceptability of WREs, not only by individuals with DMD but also by other users, and help engineers to better place their work in the social context.
The (Mixed) Effects of Minimum Asset Requirements When There is a Possibility of Technological Change
Authors: Jacob Julien 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Civil liability and ex ante authorizations are usually combined to regulate risks from high-risk industries. Authorizations may require firms to be sufficiently endowed with assets. Such a requirement is made in order to force sufficient risk internalization by firms, thus ensuring optimal decisions on risk control. But most studies on the incentives provided by asset requirements for controlling risks have been conducted in a context of a unique technology of production. When the firm has the possibility of adopting new and more cost-efficient technology, we show that tightening the minimum asset requirement can have a non-monotonic effect on the firm’s technological choice: increasing the firm’s level of assets can lead to a divergence of private and social interests as regards the technological choice. This feature can be observed both when the level of harm is dependent on, or independent of, the level of activity.