bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Propofol suppresses ventricular arrhythmias: a case report of acute caffeine intoxication
Authors: Terashima Shinya , Muroya Takashi , Ikegawa Hitoshi , Kajino Kentaro , Sakuramoto Kazuhito , Yui Rintaro , Kishimoto Masanobu , Takahashi Hiroki , Nakajima Mari , Nakamura Fumiko , Nakamori Yasushi , Kuwagata Yasuyuki 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundCaffeine is widely used as a stimulant drug throughout the world, and fatal arrhythmia is a known side‐effect. We experienced a patient with caffeine intoxication causing fatal arrhythmias who was successfully treated with the infusion of propofol.Case PresentationA 27‐year‐old woman was transferred to our hospital with nausea and poor general condition after intentional ingestion of 23.2 g of caffeine tablets. She was in cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation just before hospital arrival. Advanced life support including defibrillation was started immediately, and we succeeded in resuscitating her 23 min later. Although she suffered from polymorphic ventricular premature beats and frequent transition to ventricular fibrillation, propofol administration converted her from a ventricular arrhythmia to sinus rhythm.ConclusionWe report this case focusing on the cardiovascular effects of propofol and the lipid sink phenomenon. As a result, propofol could have the potential to suppress ventricular arrhythmias.
Initial Carbon−Carbon Bond Formation during the Early Stages of Methane Dehydroaromatization
Authors: Çağlayan Mustafa , Lucini Paioni Alessandra , Abou‐Hamad Edy , Shterk Genrikh , Pustovarenko Alexey , Baldus Marc , Chowdhury Abhishek Dutta , Gascon Jorge 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMethane dehydroaromatization (MDA) is among the most challenging processes in catalysis science owing to the inherent harsh reaction conditions and fast catalyst deactivation. To improve this process, understanding the mechanism of the initial C−C bond formation is essential. However, consensus about the actual reaction mechanism is still to be achieved. In this work, using advanced magic‐angle spinning (MAS) solid‐state NMR spectroscopy, we study in detail the early stages of the reaction over a well‐dispersed Mo/H‐ZSM‐5 catalyst. Simultaneous detection of acetylene (i.e., presumably the direct C−C bond‐forming product from methane), methylidene, allenes, acetal, and surface‐formate species, along with the typical olefinic/aromatic species, allow us to conclude the existence of at least two independent C−H activation pathways. Moreover, this study emphasizes the significance of mobility‐dependent host–guest chemistry between an inorganic zeolite and its trapped organic species during heterogeneous catalysis.
A Photoisomerization‐Activated Intramolecular Charge‐Transfer Process for Broadband‐Tunable Single‐Mode Microlasers
Authors: Qiao Chan , Zhang Chunhuan , Zhou Zhonghao , Dong Haiyun , Du Yuxiang , Yao Jiannian , Zhao Yong Sheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMiniaturized lasers with high spectral purity and wide wavelength tunability are crucial for various photonic applications. Here we propose a strategy to realize broadband‐tunable single‐mode lasing based on a photoisomerization‐activated intramolecular charge‐transfer (ICT) process in coupled polymer microdisk cavities. The photoisomerizable molecules doped in the polymer microdisks can be quantitatively transformed into a kind of laser dye with strong ICT character by photoexcitation. The gain region was tailored over a wide range through the self‐modulation of the optically activated ICT isomers. Meanwhile, the resonant modes shifted with the photoisomerization because of a change in the effective refractive index of the polymer microdisk cavity. Based on the synergetic modulation of the optical gain and microcavity, we realized the broadband tuning of the single‐mode laser. These results offer a promising route to fabricate broadband‐tunable microlasers towards practical photonic integrations.
Guanidin‐5,5′‐azotetrazolat: Ein farbenfrohes Chamäleon für halogenfreie Rauchsignale
Authors: Küblböck Teresa , Angé Gaspard , Bikelytė Greta , Pokorná Jiřina , Skácel Radovan , Klapötke Thomas M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractEin fortschrittliches halogenfreies pyrotechnisches System wurde entwickelt, welches für die Erzeugung von farbigem Rauch in den Farben Rot, Violett, Gelb, Grün und Blau verwendet werden kann. Das stickstoffreiche Salz Guanidin‐5,5′‐azotetrazolat (GZT), welches in der Regel als Gasgenerator oder Treibstoff eingesetzt wird, wurde hierfür mit verschiedenen organischen Farbstoffen (Solvent Red 1, Solvent Violet 47, Solvent Green 3, Solvent Yellow 33) kombiniert. Die daraus resultierenden Zweikomponenten‐Rauchmischungen bieten nicht nur einen einfachen und sicheren Zugang zu farbigem Rauch, sondern kommen gänzlich ohne den Zusatz von Kaliumchlorat oder anderen gefährlichen Stoffen aus. Die Formulierungen wurden hinsichtlich der Brennzeit/Brennrate, der Rauchausbeute, der Transferrate und der energetischen Eigenschaften charakterisiert und mit klassischen chlorhaltigen Rauchsignalen verglichen. Bis heute ist kein vergleichbares System im Bereich der raucherzeugenden Pyrotechnik bekannt, wodurch ein komplett neues Forschungsgebiet eröffnet wird.
Guanidinium 5,5′‐Azotetrazolate: A Colorful Chameleon for Halogen‐Free Smoke Signals
Authors: Küblböck Teresa , Angé Gaspard , Bikelytė Greta , Pokorná Jiřina , Skácel Radovan , Klapötke Thomas M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA progressive halogen‐free multicolored smoke system to obtain white, red, violet, yellow, green, and blue smoke color is presented. The nitrogen‐rich salt guanidinium 5,5′‐azotetrazolate (GZT), which is usually applied as a gas generator or propellant ingredient, was combined with different smoke dyes (Solvent Red 1, Solvent Violet 47, Solvent Green 3, Solvent Yellow 33). These two‐component smoke mixtures offer a convenient and safe multicolor approach without the need for potassium chlorate or any other hazardous material. The common smoke characteristics with respect to burn time/burn rate, yield factor, transfer rate, as well as energetic properties were determined and compared with classic chlorate‐based formulations currently used. To the best of our knowledge, nothing comparable is known in the literature and a completely new research area in modern pyrotechnics is opened.
Effects of magnetic force and non‐Newtonian characteristics on squeeze film bearings
Authors: Ramasamy Ponalagusamy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the present article, the special effects of fluid inertia forces and magnetic field in circular squeeze film bearings greased with a time‐independent thixotropic non‐Newtonian fluid have been brought to the limelight. The pressure delivery and load carrying capacity representing the recitals of bearing have been calculated with the values of yield number, thixotropic parameter, power‐law index, Reynolds number, and Hartmann number. The squeeze film pressure and load carrying capacity are increased with the rise of yield number, power‐law index, Reynolds number, and Hartmann number whereas a reverse trend is shown with the increase of thixotropic parameter or a scalar structural parameter of materials. Based on the results obtained from the present study, the influence of thixotropic fluid enhances the pressure and load carrying capacity as compared to pseudo‐plastic, Newtonian, and dilatant fluids as lubricants.
Self‐healing supramolecular waterborne polyurethane dispersions with quadruple hydrogen bonds in main chain
Authors: Yang Ziyue , Sun Dongcheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA facile method for preparing supramolecular waterborne polyurethane (WPU) based on quadruple hydrogen bonds (4H‐WPU) is reported. Herein, 4H‐WPU with quadruple hydrogen bonds in main chain were synthesized by poly (1,4‐buthylene‐neopentylene adipate glycol) as soft segment, 2‐ureido‐4[1H]‐pyrimidinone (UPy) functionalized monomer, isophorone diisocyanate, 2,2‐Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid (hydrophilic monomer), isophorondiamine, triethylamine (neutralizer), and monoethanolamine (blocking agent) as hard segment. The molecular weight of 4H‐WPU was controlled around 18,000 consistently. The properties of 4H‐WPU with different content of hydrophilic group, hard segment, and UPy units were characterized and the results could provide the reference for preparing supramolecular WPU with high mechanical and self‐healing performance while maintaining dispersion stability. The tensile strength of 4H‐WPU was 10 times of the blank sample. The healing time of scratched 4H‐WPU film was inversely proportional to the content of UPy‐ functionalized monomer and the shortest healing time is 2.5 hr at 80°C. Mechanical performance of healed films can be restored to more than 90%.
Cinematic Rendering in Anatomy: A Crossover Study Comparing a Novel 3D Reconstruction Technique to Conventional Computed Tomography
Authors: Binder Johannes S. , Scholz Michael , Ellmann Stephan , Uder Michael , Grützmann Robert , Weber Georg F. , Krautz Christian 
Published: June 2020

Integration of medical imaging into preclinical anatomy courses is already underway in many medical schools. However, interpretation of two‐dimensional grayscale images is difficult and conventional volume rendering techniques provide only images of limited quality. In this regard, a more photorealistic visualization provided by Cinematic Rendering (CR) may be more suitable for anatomical education. A randomized, two‐period crossover study was conducted from July to December 2018, at the University Hospital of Erlangen, Germany to compare CR and conventional computed tomography (CT) imaging for speed and comprehension of anatomy. Sixteen students were randomized into two assessment sequences. During each assessment period, participants had to answer 15 anatomy‐related questions that were divided into three categories: parenchymal, musculoskeletal, and vascular anatomy. After a washout period of 14 days, assessments were crossed over to the respective second reconstruction technique. The mean interperiod differences for the time to answer differed significantly between the CR–CT sequence (−204.21 ± 156.0 seconds) and the CT–CR sequence (243.33 ± 113.83 seconds; P < 0.001). Overall time reduction by CR was 65.56%. Cinematic Rendering visualization of musculoskeletal and vascular anatomy was higher rated compared to CT visualization (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003), whereas CT visualization of parenchymal anatomy received a higher scoring than CR visualization (P < 0.001). No carryover effects were observed. A questionnaire revealed that students consider CR to be beneficial for medical education. These results suggest that CR has a potential to enhance knowledge acquisition and transfer from medical imaging data in medical education.
A pseudo‐likelihood method for estimating misclassification probabilities in competing‐risks settings when true‐event data are partially observed
Authors: Mpofu Philani B. , Bakoyannis Giorgos , Yiannoutsos Constantin T. , Mwangi Ann W. , Mburu Margaret 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOutcome misclassification occurs frequently in binary‐outcome studies and can result in biased estimation of quantities such as the incidence, prevalence, cause‐specific hazards, cumulative incidence functions, and so forth. A number of remedies have been proposed to address the potential misclassification of the outcomes in such data. The majority of these remedies lie in the estimation of misclassification probabilities, which are in turn used to adjust analyses for outcome misclassification. A number of authors advocate using a gold‐standard procedure on a sample internal to the study to learn about the extent of the misclassification. With this type of internal validation, the problem of quantifying the misclassification also becomes a missing data problem as, by design, the true outcomes are only ascertained on a subset of the entire study sample. Although, the process of estimating misclassification probabilities appears simple conceptually, the estimation methods proposed so far have several methodological and practical shortcomings. Most methods rely on missing outcome data to be missing completely at random (MCAR), a rather stringent assumption which is unlikely to hold in practice. Some of the existing methods also tend to be computationally‐intensive. To address these issues, we propose a computationally‐efficient, easy‐to‐implement, pseudo‐likelihood estimator of the misclassification probabilities under a missing at random (MAR) assumption, in studies with an available internal‐validation sample. We present the estimator through the lens of studies with competing‐risks outcomes, though the estimator extends beyond this setting. We describe the consistency and asymptotic distributional properties of the resulting estimator, and derive a closed‐form estimator of its variance. The finite‐sample performance of this estimator is evaluated via simulations. Using data from a real‐world study with competing‐risks outcomes, we illustrate how the proposed method can be used to estimate misclassification probabilities. We also show how the estimated misclassification probabilities can be used in an external study to adjust for possible misclassification bias when modeling cumulative incidence functions.
Safety of transradial access compared to transfemoral access with hemostatic devices (vessel plugs and suture devices) after percutaneous coronary interventions: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chugh Yashasvi , Bavishi Chirag , Mojadidi Mohammad K. , Elgendy Islam Y. , Faillace Robert T. , Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Tamis‐Holland Jacqueline , Mamas Mamas , Chugh Sanjay Kumar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesComparing the safety of transradial access (TRA) and conventional hemostasis with transfemoral access (TFA) and vascular closure devices (vessel plugs and suture devices) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions.BackgroundTRA for PCIs is associated with fewer bleeding and vascular complications compared with TFA. Vascular closure devices (VCD) are often used post TFA to establish early hemostasis and mitigate bleeding risk. However, the comparative efficacy of TRA and TFA with VCDs remains controversial.MethodElectronic database were systematically searched for all pertinent studies from inception through January 2020. Randomized studies, registry data, and abstracts published in peer‐reviewed indexed journals were included. The short‐term outcomes: major bleeding, vascular complications, and closure device failure were evaluated. Random‐effects model was used to pool individual study results.ResultsTwelve studies (8 observational, 4 randomized) including 7,961 patients (TRA: 3,121 patients, TFA and vessel plugs: 3,157 patients, TFA & suture devices: 1,683 patients) were included in the analysis. Major bleeding was significantly lower with TRA compared with TFA and vessel plugs (odds ratio [OR] 0.22, 95%CI 0.11–0.44, p < .00001) and TFA & suture devices (OR 0.12, 95%CI 0.05–0.28, p < .00001). Vascular complications were significantly lower with TRA compared to TFA and vessel plugs (OR 0.25, 95%CI 0.13–0.49, p < .0001) and TFA & suture devices (OR 0.13, 95%CI 0.04–0.41, p = 0.0005). Rates of closure device failure were lower for TRA compared to TFA & suture devices (OR 0.13, 95%CI 0.04–0.41, p = .0005), but similar to TFA & vessel plugs (OR 0.23, 95%CI 0.01–4.28, p = .33), although confidence intervals were wide. All analysis revealed a low to moderate level of heterogeneity.ConclusionTRA with conventional hemostasis is safer than TFA with hemostasis via vessel plugs or suture devices and should be considered best practice.
Late onset of hemolytic uremic syndrome after the appearance of prodromal gastrointestinal tract symptoms
Authors: Hirata Chihiro , Kenzaka Tsuneaki , Akita Hozuka 
Published: June 2020

AbstractHemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) may occur late after the onset and improvement of gastrointestinal tract symptoms. Clinicians need to carefully monitor for the onset of HUS, even if the patients have few symptoms.
Electron Storage Capability and Singlet Oxygen Productivity of a RuII Photosensitizer Containing a Fused Naphthaloylenebenzene Moiety at the 1,10‐Phenanthroline Ligand
Authors: Yang Yingya , Brückmann Jannik , Frey Wolfgang , Rau Sven , Karnahl Michael , Tschierlei Stefanie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAs a novel rylene type dye a diimine ligand with a fully rigid and extended π‐system in its backbone was prepared by directly fusing a 1,10‐phenanthroline building block with 1,8‐naphthalimide. The corresponding heteroleptic ruthenium photosensitizer bearing one biipo and two tbbpy ligands was synthesized and extensively analyzed by a combination of NMR, single crystal X‐ray diffraction, steady‐state absorption and emission, time‐resolved spectroscopy and different electrochemical measurements supported by time‐dependent density functional theory calculations. The cyclic and differential pulse voltammograms revealed, that the naphthaloylenebenzene moiety enables an additional second reduction of the ligand. Moreover, this ligand possesses a very broad absorption in the visible region. In the RuII complex this causes an overlap of ligand‐centered and metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer transitions. The emission of the complex is clearly redshifted compared to the ligand emission with very long‐lived excited states lifetimes of 1.7 and 24.7 μs in oxygen‐free acetonitrile solution. This behavior is accompanied by a surprisingly high oxygen sensitivity. Finally, this photosensitizer was successfully applied for the effective evolution of singlet oxygen challenging some of the common RuII prototype complexes.
MOF‐Mediated Synthesis of Supported Fe‐Doped Pd Nanoparticles under Mild Conditions for Magnetically Recoverable Catalysis**
Authors: Darawsheh Mohanad D. , Mazarío Jaime , Lopes Christian W. , Giménez‐Marqués Mónica , Domine Marcelo E. , Meira Debora M. , Martínez Jordan , Mínguez Espallargas Guillermo , Oña‐Burgos Pascual 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMetal–organic framework (MOF)‐driven synthesis is considered as a promising alternative for the development of new catalytic materials with well‐designed active sites. This synthetic approach is used here to gradually transform a new bimetallic MOF, with Pd and Fe as the metal components, by the in situ generation of aniline under mild conditions. This methodology results in a compositionally homogeneous nanocomposite formed by Fe‐doped Pd nanoparticles that, in turn, are supported on iron oxide‐doped carbon. The nanocomposite has been fully characterized by several techniques such as IR and Raman spectroscopy, TEM, XPS, and XAS. The performance of this nanocomposite as an heterogeneous catalyst for hydrogenation of nitroarenes and nitrobenzene coupling with benzaldehyde has been evaluated, proving it to be an efficient and reusable catalyst.
Homo‐ and Hetero‐dinuclear Arene‐Linked Osmium(II) and Ruthenium(II) Organometallics: Probing the Impact of Metal Variation on Reactivity and Biological Activity
Authors: Wilson Christopher S. , Prior Timothy J. , Sandland Jordon , Savoie Huguette , Boyle Ross W. , Murray Benjamin S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDinuclear metallodrugs offer much potential in the development of novel anticancer chemotherapeutics as a result of the distinct interactions possible with bio‐macromolecular targets and the unique biological activity that can result. Herein, we describe the development of isostructural homo‐dinuclear OsII–OsII and hetero‐dinuclear OsII–RuII organometallic complexes formed from linking the arene ligands of [M(η6‐arene)(C2O4)(PTA)] units (M=Os/Ru; PTA=1,3,5‐triaza‐7‐phosphaadamantane). Using these complexes together with the known RuII–RuII analogue, a chromatin‐modifying agent, we probed the impact of varying the metal ions on the structure, reactivity and biological activity of these complexes. The complexes were structurally characterised by X‐ray diffraction experiments, their stability and reactivity were examined by using 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy, and their biological activity was assessed, alongside that of mononuclear analogues, through MTT assays and cell‐cycle analysis (HT‐29 cell line). The results revealed high antiproliferative activity in each case, with cell‐cycle profiles of the dinuclear complexes found to be similar to that for untreated cells, and similar but distinct profiles for the mononuclear complexes. These results indicate these complexes impact on cell viability predominantly through a non‐DNA‐damaging mechanism of action. The new OsII–OsII and OsII–RuII complexes reported here are further examples of a family of compounds operating via mechanisms of action atypical of the majority of metallodrugs, and which have potential as tools in chromatin research.
Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Chiral Supramolecular Polymer and Seeding Effect
Authors: Mukherjee Anurag , Ghosh Suhrit 
Published: June 2020

AbstractH‐bonding driven J‐type aggregation and cooperative supramolecular polymerization of a sulfur‐substituted chiral naphthalene‐diimide (NDI)‐derivative (S,S)‐NDI‐2 in decane leads to remarkable enhancement of fluorescence quantum yield (43.3 % from 0.5 % in the monomeric state) and intense CPL signal in the aggregated state with a high luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) of 4.6×10−2. A mixture of NDI‐2 with a structurally similar NDI‐derivative NDI‐1 (mixture of racemic (S,S)‐ and (R,R)‐ isomers and the achiral derivative) in 1:9 (NDI‐2/NDI‐1) ratio, when heated and slowly cooled to room temperature, showed no enhanced CD band, indicating lack of any preferential helicity. However, when a monomeric solution of the NDI‐1 in tetrahydrofuran (THF) was injected to preformed seed of NDI‐2 in decane, a prominent CD signal appeared, indicating chiral amplification resulting in induced CPL with highglumvalue of 2.0×10−2from mostly (>98.5 %) diastereomeric mixture.
Efficient Blue Phosphorescence in Gold(I)‐Acetylide Functionalized Coinage Metal Bis(amidinate) Complexes
Authors: Feuerstein Thomas J. , Seifert Tim P. , Jung André P. , Müller Rouven , Lebedkin Sergei , Kappes Manfred M. , Roesky Peter W. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe synthesis of linear symmetric ethynyl‐ and acetylide‐amidinates of the coinage metals is presented. Starting with the desilylation of the complexes [{Me3SiC≡CC(NDipp)2}2M2] (Dipp=2,6‐diisopropylphenyl) (M=Cu, Au) it is demonstrated that this compound class is suitable to serve as a versatile metalloligand. Deprotonation with n‐butyllithium and subsequent salt metathesis reactions yield symmetric tetranuclear gold(I) acetylide complexes of the form [{(PPh3)AuC≡CC(NDipp)2}2M2] (M=Cu, Au). The corresponding Ag complex [{(PPh3)AuC≡CC(NDipp)2}2Ag2] was obtained by a different route via metal rearrangement. All compounds show bright blue or blue‐green microsecond long phosphorescence in the solid state, hence their photophysical properties were thoroughly investigated in a temperature range of 20–295 K. Emission quantum yields of up to 41 % at room temperature were determined. Furthermore, similar emissions with quantum yields of 15 % were observed for the two most brightly luminescent complexes in thf solution.