bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PICOLINIC ACID, A TRYPTOPHAN METABOLITE, DOESN’T AFFECT BONE MINERAL DENSITY BUT UPREGULATES LIPID STORAGE GENES
Authors: Isales Carlos , McGee-Lawrence Meghan , Hamrick Mark , Hill William D , Bollag Wendy , Ding Ke-Hong , Shi Xing-ming , Kennedy Eileen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Tryptophan is an essential amino-acid broken down initially to kynurenine (kyn), an immunomodulatory metabolite that we have previously shown to promote bone loss. Kyn levels increase with aging and have also been associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Additional tryptophan metabolites include picolinic acid (PA); however, in contrast to kyn, PA is neuroprotective. Thus, we hypothesized that PA might be osteoprotective. In an IACUC-approved protocol, we fed PA to aged (23-month-old) C57BL/6 mice for eight weeks. In an effort to determine potential interactions of PA with dietary protein, we added PA to both a standard (18%) and a low protein diet (8%). The mice were divided into four groups: control (18% protein), +PA (700 ppm); low protein (8%), +PA (700 ppm). There was no difference in weight among the groups [36.1±4.1, 34.6±3.8, 32.8±3.2, 32.6±3.0 gm, (Means±SD, control vs +PA vs 8% vs +PA, p=ns; n=8-10/group). Mice were sacrificed and bones and stromal cells collected for analysis. We found that addition of PA to the diet had no impact on femoral BMD or BMC (BMD: 0.069±0.008 vs 0.075±0.007 vs 0.069±0.005 vs 0.070±007, p=ns). Addition of PA to the diet had no impact of % body fat as measured by DXA; however, stromal cells isolated from the PA-fed mice showed a significant increase in the expression of the lipid storage genes, Plin1 and Cidec. Thus, although PA is downstream of kyn, the kyn-induced detrimental effects on bone mass are no longer observed with PA but instead this kyn metabolite appears to impact energy balance.
HETEROGENEITY OF SENESCENT RIBOSOME COMPLEX AFFECTS THE TRANSLATIONAL EFFICIENCY OF SENESCENCE RELATED MRNAS
Authors: Kim Joon , Kim Hag Dong , Yang Hee Woong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The ribosome, a protein factory, has a lateral stalk known as the ribosomal P complex made up of rpLP0, rpLP1, and rpLP2. It plays an important role in translation by recruiting translational factors. One of these proteins, rpLP2, was decreased in translating ribosome when cellular senescence was induced. Additionally, Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1), a multifunctional protein that regulates the transcription and translation, was also reduced in polysomal fraction of senescent cells. We have discovered that rpLP2 depletion in heterogeneous ribosome causes the detachment of YB-1 in polysomes and link to cellular senescence. Here, we also have found that a decrement of CK2α or GRK2 on senescent cells induced an increment of unphosphorylated rpLP2, resulting in the release of YB-1 from a ribosome complex. The heterogeneous senescent ribosome has different translational efficiency for some senescence related genes such as AHR, RAB27B, FEZ1, and DDIT4. Our results revealed that the decrease of rpLP1/rpLP2 and YB-1 in translating senescent ribosomes is not specific to cell type or stress type. Furthermore, the same phenomenon was observed in aged mouse liver. Taken together, our results suggest that the senescent ribosome complex appears to have low levels of rpLP1/ rpLP2 and YB-1, resulting in the alteration of translational efficiency for senescence related genes. (Journals of Gerontology: Biological Sciences, 2019 in press)
4-PHENYLBUTYRATE: MOLECULAR MECHANISMS AND AGING INTERVENTION POTENTIAL
Authors: Bene Michael R , Thyne Kevin , Dorigatti Jonathan , Salmon Adam B 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
4-Phenylbutyrate (PBA) is a FDA approved drug for treating patients with urea cycle disorders. Additionally, PBA acts upon several pathways thought of as important modifiers of aging including: histone deacetylation, proteostasis as a chemical chaperone, and stress resistance by regulating expression of oxidative stress response proteins. PBA has also been shown to extend lifespan and improve markers of age-related health in Drosophila. Due to its wide range of effects PBA has been investigated for use in numerous age-related disorders including neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. To better understand the effects of PBA on the molecular level, we used both in cellulo and in vivo studies. Treatment of primary mouse fibroblasts, C2C12 mouse muscle cells, and NCTC 1469 mouse liver cells with PBA demonstrated differential responses among cell lines to upregulation of oxidative stress response and histone acetylation. Specifically, upregulation of the oxidative stress response protein DJ-1 by PBA was found to have a corresponding dose response curve to histone H3 acetylation in primary fibroblasts. To study effects of PBA in vivo, four cohorts of HET3 mice were treated with PBA at different doses in drinking water for 4 weeks. PBA was well tolerated and led to different effects on body composition dependent on the sex of mice. We are currently investigating the molecular effects of PBA treatment in multiple tissues samples from these mice. The potential of PBA to alter many fundamental pathways, and specifically those related to stress responses, make it an attractive prospect for treatment of many age-related disorders.
AGING INDUCES NLRP3 INFLAMMASOME DEPENDENT ADIPOSE B CELL EXPANSION TO IMPAIR METABOLIC HOMEOSTASIS
Authors: Camell Christina , Dixit Vishwa Deep 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Visceral adiposity in elderly is associated with alterations in adipose tissue immune cells leading to inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. The Nlrp3 inflammasome is a critical regulator of macrophage activation, inflammation, and immunometabolism in visceral adipose tissue during aging; however, the potential contribution of adipose tissue B cells is unexplored. Here, we show that aging expands adipose-resident B cells and fat-associated lymphoid clusters (FALCs) in visceral white adipose tissue of female mice. Adipose tissue B cells exhibit a memory-like B cell profile similar to the phenotype of aged B cells that are increased in spleen of old mice. Mechanistically, the age-induced FALC formation and adipose B cell expansion, but not B cell transcriptional program, is dependent on the Nlrp3 inflammasome. Furthermore, B cell depletion in aged mice improves insulin sensitivity and metabolic capacity of adipose tissue. These data reveal that inhibiting Nlrp3-dependent B cell accumulation can be targeted to reverse metabolic impairment in aging adipose tissue.
A STUDY ON THE COMPARISON OF STRESS INDEX OF DEMENTED OLDER ADULTS AND THE PAIN OF THE MAIN CAREGIVER
Authors: Kim Sujin , Cho Eunhee , Sinwoo Hwang , Kwon Eunji 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the stress and fatigue index between the demented older adults and the non-demented older adults and to identify the correlation between the behavioral psychological symptoms of the demented older adults and the pain of the main caregiver. A total of 100 participants(80 demented older adults and 20 non-demented older adults) were selected. The demented older adults, who visited hospital neurology as an outpatient, were paired up with the caregivers who provided the care for the demented older adults. The non-demented older adults who had normal cognitive function without limitation in a daily life and scored MMSE of 24 or higher were selected. The stress and fatigue index were measured by using an autonomic nervous system analyzer that measures heart rate variability(HRV), and structured questionnaires were used to examine behavioral psychological symptoms. The collected data were analyzed by using Independent t-test and Pearson’s correlations analysis. The result of the analysis showed that average score of the demented older adults had higher stress index than the control group(non-demented older adults), which was statistically significant(t=3.350, p=.001). In addition, the result indicated the statistically significant positive correlation between the behavioral psychological symptoms of demented older adults and the level of pain of main caregivers (r=0.89, p=&lt;.001). The results of this study suggest that managing both the physical and psychological aspects of the stress in the main caregivers is necessary, as well as the development of stress management program for the demented older adults.
OPTIMISM, QUALITY OF LIFE, AND COGNITION IN RECENT NURSING HOME RESIDENTS
Authors: DiGasbarro Diana , Van Haitsma Kimberly , Meeks Suzanne , Mast Benjamin T 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Dispositional optimism may be an important resource for well-being across the lifespan. However, the relationship between optimism and quality of life in recent nursing home residents with and without cognitive impairment has not been examined. The aim of this study is to fill this gap in a sample of 66 older adults with a mean age of 74.59 years old (SD=10.37) who were admitted to a nursing home within the previous 30 days. Sixty older adults completed measures of cognition, quality of life, and optimism, and thus were included in analysis for the current study. Participants were split into groups based on the presence or absence of cognitive impairment, and linear regressions were conducted to examine the relationship between optimism and quality of life. In recent nursing home residents without cognitive impairment (n=30), optimism did not predict quality of life and accounted for a very small amount of variance (R2=.042, p=.280). However, in recent nursing home residents with cognitive impairment (n=32), optimism accounted for 20.9% of the variance in quality of life (R2=.209, p=.009). Higher levels of optimism were associated with better quality of life. Future research should explore why a stable trait like dispositional optimism is a stronger predictor of quality of life in recent nursing home residents with cognitive impairment compared to those without cognitive impairment. This line of research would be synergistic with emerging research on the identification and encouragement of strengths in older adults with cognitive impairment.
PREDICTORS OF CHANGES IN WELL-BEING AMONG THE INTEGRATED MEMORY CARE CLINIC CLIENTS
Authors: Kovaleva Mariya A , Higgins Melinda , Jennings Bonnie M , Song Mi-Kyung , Clevenger Carolyn , Griffiths Patricia C , Hepburn Ken 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Integrated Memory Care Clinic (IMCC) at Emory Healthcare is a patient-centered medical home led by advanced practice registered nurses who seamlessly provide dementia care and primary care. This analysis explored predictors of significant changes in clients’ well-being and symptoms in clients’ first-year experience at the IMCC (N=42 caregivers, three assessments over nine months). The significant changes were decreases in caregivers’ distress regarding PLWDs’ delusions (Delusions-Distress) and PLWDs’ anxiety (Anxiety-Distress), and in PLWDs’ severity of delusions, depression, and total symptom severity. Mixed linear models were used to determine significant predictors among baseline sociodemographic characteristics that correlated significantly with outcomes that changed significantly over time. Caregivers not employed outside home had lower baseline Delusions-Distress (p=0.006) and slower decline in Delusions-Distress (p=0.015). The longer PLWD needed care, the lower baseline Delusions-Distress caregivers reported (p=0.023). Caregivers not living with their PLWD reported higher baseline Anxiety-Distress (p=0.016). Caregivers not employed outside home reported lower baseline Delusions-Severity for their PLWD (p=0.006). Caregivers not employed outside home reported PLWDs’ lower baseline depression severity (p=0.026). Older caregivers reported PLWDs’ lower baseline total symptom severity (p=0.002). Increase in caregiver’s age was associated with PLWDs’ higher total symptom severity (p=0.049). For PLWD with male caregivers, total baseline symptom severity was lower compared to PLWD with female caregivers (p=0.01). These findings highlight that PLWDs’ illness duration and caregivers’ employment status, living arrangement, age, and gender may determine their perception of their PLWDs’ symptoms. Clinicians may individualize caregiver education with the knowledge of such predictors.
NURSE-LED DEMENTIA MEDICAL HOME: WHAT IS IT LIKE FOR CLIENTS?
Authors: Kovaleva Mariya A , Higgins Melinda , Jennings Bonnie M , Song Mi-Kyung , Clevenger Carolyn , Griffiths Patricia C , Hepburn Ken 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Integrated Memory Care Clinic (IMCC) at Emory Healthcare is a patient-centered medical home led by advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) who provide both dementia care and primary care. In this prospective longitudinal cohort study we aimed to evaluate caregivers’ and their persons’ living with dementia (PLWD) (reported by caregivers) experiences at the IMCC. Changes in caregivers’ psychological well-being and health status and in PLWDs’ quality of life and neuropsychiatric symptoms were explored via three assessments during the clients’ first year at the IMCC. Forty-nine caregivers completed baseline assessments, including a sociodemographic questionnaire and established instruments. Mixed linear models were used to examine changes in caregiver- and PLWD-centered variables. With time as the only predictor and with full baseline sample included, significant changes were observed in caregivers’ distress regarding their PLWDs’ delusions (p=0.048) and in caregivers’ distress regarding their PLWDs’ anxiety (p=0.018). Additionally, significant changes were observed in PLWDs’ severity of delusions (p=0.032), depression (p&lt;0.001), and total symptom severity (p=0.005). For outcomes that changed significantly over time, we explored whether time still significantly predicted changes when controlling for two variables deemed clinically important: the total number of PLWD’s chronic comorbidities besides dementia at baseline and the total number of visits the dyads made to the clinic during the study. Controlling for the total number of visits to the IMCC cancelled significant improvement in caregivers’ distress regarding PLWDs’ delusions. While most variables remained unchanged, several important symptom-related outcomes improved rapidly upon clinic enrollment, indicating potentially efficacious symptom management at the IMCC.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND GAP ANALYSIS ON ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE IN ASIAN AMERICANS, NATIVE HAWAIIANS, AND PACIFIC ISLANDERS
Authors: Lim Sahnah , Roberts Timothy , Wong Jazmine , Mohaimin Sadia , Sohn Young-Jin , Sivanesathurai Ragavan , Kwon Simona C , Trinh-Shevrin Chau 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: The Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) aging population is rapidly growing and the burden of Alzheimer’s disease and its related dementias (AD/ADRD) will likely mirror this demographic growth. AANHPIs face significant barriers in obtaining timely AD/ADRD diagnosis and services; yet little is known about AD/ADRD in this population. The study objective is to conduct a systematic review on the published literature on AD/ADRD among AANHPIs to identify gaps and priorities to inform future research and action plans. Methods: The systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA Protocol for Systematic Reviews. Co-author (TR), an experienced Medical Librarian, searched PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central of Clinical Trials, Ageline and Web of Science for peer-reviewed articles describing AD/ADRD among AANHPIs. The search was not limited by language or publication date. Each citation was reviewed by two trained independent reviewers. Conflicts were resolved through consensus. Results: The title/abstract and full texts of 1,447 unique articles were screened for inclusion, yielding 310 articles for analysis. Major research topics included prevalence, risk factors, comorbidities, interventions and outreach, knowledge/perceptions/attitudes, caregiving, and detection tools. A limited number of studies reported on national data, on NHPI communities generally, and on efficacy of interventions targeting AANHPI communities. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review on AD/ADRD among AANHPI populations. Our review provides a first step in mapping the extant literature on AD/ADRD among this underserved and under-researched population and will serve as a guide for future research, policy and intervention.
ASKING THE PEOPLE WHO MATTER THE MOST: DESIGNING A VALUE-BASED DEMENTIA SPECIALTY CLINIC
Authors: Aguirre Alyssa , Ulack Christopher , Suarez Joel , Carberry Kathleen , Rousseau Justin , Wallace Scott , Hilsabeck Robin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This presentation will highlight our research which uses a qualitative methodology to incorporate the voices and experiences of people impacted by dementia into the value-based health model. This model is characterized by a team-based approach as well as the measurement of outcomes. The aim of value-based care is to provide individuals meaningful and compassionate care that helps them achieve the health outcomes that matter most to them. Foundational to creating this person-centered model is the incorporation of the perspectives of individuals with dementia and their care partners. Experience Groups offer an opportunity for those affected by dementia to share their expertise and describe their daily challenges and successes so we are able to learn from their experiences and better understand unmet and unarticulated needs. The findings of this research—consisting of 41 patients and 11 care partners—enabled the development of outcome measurement tools implemented at the clinical level, and the design of a care delivery model that addresses unmet needs. Some of the key findings from the research that have been implemented at the Cognitive Disorders Clinic and that will be highlighted in this poster are: 1. Care partners would like more emotional support from their medical team; 2. Individuals want more information about the trajectory of the disease and an actionable “roadmap-of-care”; 3. Care partners and those with early stage memory loss desire counseling and team-based care versus strictly physician-provided care.
MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES ON WHAT (IF ANY) IS AN OPTIMAL TIME FOR PEOPLE WITH DEMENTIA TO MOVE TO A CARE HOME
Authors: Samsi Kritika , Cole Laura , Manthorpe Jill 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Deciding an ‘optimal’ time for a person with dementia to move to a care home may be difficult for people with dementia, family carers, and professionals who support them; but there is currently limited evidence to help make this decision. Using phenomenology, we carried out qualitative interviews with 20 family carers, 5 people with dementia, 20 care home managers and 20 social workers, about their experiences, views and attitudes regarding timing of a move to a care home. Social workers indicated that managing risks and safety of person with dementia living in their own home were paramount when considering where person with dementia should live. These concerns included mishandling gas and electrical equipment at home, wandering and getting lost outside, and breakdown of family care. They and care home managers valued wishes of the person with dementia, and minimising any emotional distress to them when a move did come about. Family carers reported feeling stressed, and guilty around decision-making and ultimate move of their relative to a care home. Many described weighing up various risks when reaching ‘tipping point’ and making trade-offs between available options or uncertain future choices. Participants with dementia recognised they had struggled to cope at home and needed more support; however, many found the move difficult as they relocated nearer to family, away from their home and friends, and resigned themselves to less independence. Most people with dementia reported that their carers initiated discussions about timing of move, and that family discussions about this were common.
SOCIAL COGNITION AND AWARENESS IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Authors: Dourado Marcia , Belfort Tatiana , Neto José Simões 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Social cognition is the capacity to interpret and predict another’s behavior according to beliefs, intentions, and emotions, and the ability to decode environmental stimuli in order to be better able to adapt to new situations. A key question is the relationship between social cognition and awareness in dementia. This study aimed to investigate the relation between social and emotional functioning (SEF) and awareness in Alzheimer's disease (AD). In a cross-sectional design, a consecutive series of 50 people with mild to moderate AD and their 50 family caregivers were assessed. The study variables were awareness, SEF, neuropsychiatric symptoms, cognition, working memory, quality of life, functional activities, presence of depressive symptoms, and caregivers’ burden and cognition. We found a significant difference between self-rated SEF and informant-rated SEF. In 56% of the cases, self-rated SEF was lower than the informant-rated SEF. People with AD mostly (56%) had mildly impaired awareness of disease, 20% had moderate impaired awareness of disease, and 6% were unaware of the disease. A multivariate linear regression examined the association between informant-rated SEF score and the variables. The social functioning and relationship domain of awareness and informant-rated QoL of people with AD were significantly associated with informant-rated SEF. Conclusion: The relationship between informant-rated SEF and awareness of social functioning and relationship supports the multidimensional nature of awareness. SEF and awareness of social functioning shows that they are comprised of judgments related to perceptions about oneself and values qualitatively different from awareness of memory or functionality, which can be directly observed.
GOALS OF CARE IN END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE: THE INFLUENCE OF AGE AND MULTIMORBIDITY
Authors: Waldrop Deborah P , Denny Patricia , Lauer Sandra , Grimm Kathleen , Murawski Phyllis , Panesar Mandip 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The number of people with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) who need dialysis treatment has increased sharply among adults age 75+. Older adults on dialysis have lower rates of advance care planning and higher treatment intensity, hospitalization and intensive care than people other chronic illnesses. Comprehensive care of older adults with ESRD includes advance care planning that addresses goals of care and not just specific medical treatments. The purpose of this study was to explore the nature of symptom burden and advance care planning in dialysis patients. The study design was exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected during in-person chairside interviews with people having dialysis treatments. Categorical questions focused on demographics and advance directives. The Dialysis Symptom Inventory was used to measure symptom burden. Open-ended questions addressed the trajectory of illness and goals of care. Thirty-five interviews were conducted. Participants’ Mage=55.8 years (range 27-84); 51 % were &gt;60. A distinctive pattern of difference by age emerged. Participants &gt;60 demonstrated greater multimorbidity and lower symptom burden (MDSI=30.13; Range 11-63) compared with those &lt;60 (MDSI=36.31; Range 3-78). Goals of care also varied with age. Older adults’ goals were: (1) Functional (e.g. to walk better, drive); and (2) Existential (e.g. maintaining, surviving, enjoying). Goals of participants &lt;60 were: (1) Transplantation; and (2) Engagement (e.g. work, school, travel). The results suggest that the illness experience and goals are influenced by age and multimorbidity. Implications: ESRD-specific advance care planning conversations with a focus on goals of care are important.