bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Upfront treatment with mTOR inhibitor everolimus in pediatric low‐grade gliomas: A single‐center experience
Authors: Cacchione Antonella , Lodi Mariachiara , Carai Andrea , Miele Evelina , Tartaglia Marco , Megaro Giacomina , Del Baldo Giada , Alessi Iside , Colafati Giovanna Stefania , Carboni Alessia , Boccuto Luigi , Diomedi Camassei Francesca , Catanzaro Giuseppina , Po Agnese , Ferretti Elisabetta , Pedace Lucia , Pizzi Simone , Folgiero Valentina , Pezzullo Marco , Corsetti Tiziana , Secco Domitilla Elena , Cefalo Maria Giuseppina , Locatelli Franco , Mastronuzzi Angela 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPediatric low‐grade gliomas (pLGGs) are the most frequent brain tumor in children. Adjuvant treatment, consisting in chemotherapy and radiotherapy, is often necessary if a complete surgical resection cannot be obtained. Traditional treatment approaches result in a significant long‐term morbidity, with a detrimental impact on quality of life. Dysregulation of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is the molecular hallmark of pLGGs and hyperactivation of the downstream mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is frequently observed. We report clinical and radiological results of front‐line treatment with everolimus in 10 consecutive patients diagnosed with m‐TOR positive pLGGs at the Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital in Rome, Italy. Median duration of treatment was 19 months (range from 13‐60). Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed stable disease in 7 patients, partial response in 1 and disease progression in 2. Therapy‐related adverse events were always reversible after dose reduction or temporary treatment interruption. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of everolimus treatment for chemo‐ and radiotherapy‐naïve children with pLGG. Our results provide preliminary support, despite low sample size, for the use of everolimus as target therapy in pLGG showing lack of progression with a manageable toxicity profile.
From fragmented levels of care to integrated health care: Framework toward improved maternal and newborn health
Authors: Barnea Eytan R. , Nicholson Wanda , Theron Gerhard , Ramasauskaite Diana , Stark Michael , Albini S. Mark , Nassar Anwar H. ,   FIGO Safe Motherhood and Newborn Health Committee
Published: December 2020

AbstractWorldwide, health systems and care approaches vary widely due to local reality, distance to facilities, cultural norms, resources, staff availability, geography, and politics. Consequently, globally maternal–newborn dyad care and outcomes are highly variable, leading to approximately 800 maternal deaths daily with a 100‐fold difference among high‐ and low‐resource countries. Irrespective of where care is received, maternal safety and wellbeing should be preserved. Despite ongoing efforts, however, this is not the case. Large gaps exist between spending and clinical outcomes. Segmented health care, coupled with poor planning and inadequate resource distribution, results in failure to provide essential life‐saving treatment. The proposed solution is a regional integrated care model from midwife to advanced level III/IV care and the newborn unit, achieved through effective coordination by site, staff, and clinicians. This model has been successfully implemented in high‐ to low‐resource countries in the past 20 years. In the large diverse population of the United States, constructive steps have been implemented to reduce high maternal mortality in black and rural communities. The COVID‐19 pandemic demonstrates the feasibility of rapid resources coordination to provide effective advanced care. The proposed integration of resources will have a major positive impact on the maternal–newborn dyad.
Cervical cancer in women under 25 years of age and outside the screening age: Diagnosis profile and long‐term outcomes
Authors: Teixeira Julio Cesar , Santos Daniel Zaidan , Campos Cirbia Silva , Vale Diama Bhadra , Bragança Joana Froes , Zeferino Luiz Carlos 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the pattern of cervical cancer (CC) diagnosis and outcomes in women under 25.MethodsThirty‐two women younger than 25 years of age treated between 2001 and 2016 were studied and the year, symptom or cytology before diagnosis, time since sexual debut, age group, histology, and stage were considered. Data were compared with older age groups, and survival analysis was performed using a subset of them.ResultsThirty‐two CC diagnoses (1.5% of all cases) exhibited a positive linear trend (P = 0.075). Driven by cytology, 18 were asymptomatic and 14 were symptomatic (with vaginal bleeding in 11). The mean time since sexual debut was 6.9 years. Advanced stage (44% vs 29%) and adenosquamous histology (12.5% vs 1.7%–5.0%) were higher in younger women. Five‐year overall survival rate was 76%, better for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (86% vs 43% for other histologies; P = 0.018). There were seven deaths, all within 15 months of diagnosis. Age groups of less than 25 years (53%) and 25–29 years (48.5%) had similar proportions of Stage IA1.ConclusionThe rate of CC‐diagnosed women under 25 years was 1.5% of all cases, exhibiting more advanced stage and non‐SCC histology. For asymptomatic women, cytology allowed the diagnosis at an early stage. Being symptomatic and non‐SCC was associated with a higher proportion of advanced stages and poor survival.
This is what I need a clinical feedback system to do for me: A qualitative inquiry into perspectives of adolescents and their therapists
Authors: Lavik Kristina O. , Veseth Marius , Frøysa Helga , Stefansen Jon , Nøtnes Jan C. , Moltu Christian 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveRoutine outcome monitoring and clinical feedback systems might be beneficial for adolescent psychotherapy processes.MethodsClinicians (n = 34) and adolescent clients (n = 22) aged 14–19 from seven different outpatient clinics located in Norway participated in the study. Adolescents were interviewed in individual in‐depth interviews (n = 7) or in four adolescent‐only focus groups (n = 15), clinicians participated in seven clinician‐only focus groups.ResultsWe report two core domains, (1) feedback about the therapeutic relationship and (2) feedback about the therapeutic work. Seven subthemes specify the functionality that participants need in a feedback system.ConclusionAdolescents and therapists requested a feedback system that was relationally oriented, supported collaborative action, and was personalized to the needs of the individual adolescent. The research indicates that a clinical feedback system should have idiographic, as well as nomothetic, components. A clinical feedback system for adolescents should monitor experiences of personal autonomy and the quality of the therapeutic relationship.
Senescent cells exacerbate chronic inflammation and contribute to periodontal disease progression in old mice
Authors: Aquino‐Martinez Ruben , Eckhardt Brittany A. , Rowsey Jennifer L. , Fraser Daniel G. , Khosla Sundeep , Farr Joshua N. , Monroe David G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundCoinciding with other chronic comorbidities, the prevalence of periodontal disease increases with aging. Mounting evidence has established that senescent cells accumulate at sites of age‐related pathologies, where they promote “non‐microbial” inflammation. We hypothesized that alveolar bone osteocytes develop senescence characteristics in old age.MethodsAlveolar bone samples were obtained from young (6 months) and old (20 to 22 months) mice to evaluate the expression of senescence biomarkers by immunofluorescent staining. Osteocyte‐enriched fractions were used to characterize the age‐related senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) gene expression profile. Primary alveolar bone cells were exposed to the SASP via in vitro senescent conditioned media (SCM) administration. A multiplex assay confirmed protein levels of specific cytokines. Interactions with bacterial components were evaluated by stimulating cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS).ResultsIncreased senescence‐associated distension of satellites (SADS) and p16Ink4a mRNA expression were identified in alveolar bone osteocytes with aging. These findings were associated with increased levels of DNA damage, and activated p38 MAPK, both inducers of senescence. Furthermore, interleukin‐6 (IL6), IL17, IGFBP4, and MMP13 were significantly upregulated with aging in osteocyte‐enriched samples. Interestingly, SCM potentiated the LPS‐induced expression of IL1α, IL1β, and IL6. Cell migration and differentiation were also impeded by SCM. These in vitro effects were ameliorated by the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB202190.ConclusionsAccumulation of senescent osteocytes contributes to deterioration of the periodontal environment by exacerbating chronic inflammation and reducing regeneration in old age. Cellular senescence is a cell‐intrinsic response to DNA damage, and a host‐related mechanism associated with aging that could potentiate inflammation induced by bacterial components.
The impact of pharmacist‐led strategies implemented to reduce errors related to cancer therapies: a systematic review
Authors: Coutsouvelis John , Siderov Jim , Tey Amanda Y. , Bortz Hadley D. , O’Connor Shaun R. , Rowan Gail D. , Vasileff Hayley M. , Page Amy T. , Percival Mia A. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundPatients with cancer are managed across the whole healthcare spectrum. This complex system of interdependencies has high potential for errors to occur. This is a focus area for pharmacists, who possess the skillset to optimise cancer care across the health care system, identifying errors and other medication‐related problems (MRP).AimThe aim of this study was to identify and describe the impact of the pharmacist’s contribution in reducing cancer therapy‐related errors.MethodsA search of English‐language publications in Embase, Medline and CINAHL was conducted. Databases were searched from 1 January 2010 until 29 September 2020 to identify all quantitative studies of a descriptive, observational or experimental design. Articles describing pharmacist‐led interventions in adults receiving one or more cancer therapies including oral chemotherapy, intravenous chemotherapy or immunotherapy compared to no intervention, usual care or a service delivered by another healthcare professional were included. Researchers screened articles to identify eligible studies, and then data were extracted using a standardised data collection sheet. Quality assessment was undertaken using the modified Cochrane and the Newcastle Ottawa risk of bias tools. Data were reported as number or percentage.ResultsOf 2292 papers identified, nine studies were eligible for inclusion in this review. Pharmacist interventions consistently showed an increased identification of medication errors and medication‐related problems. Pharmacist contributions in many of the included studies comprised medication reviews and monitoring, laboratory monitoring, adverse drug reaction and drug–drug interaction management, adherence monitoring and medication counselling. All studies showed pharmacist intervention in cancer care resulted in fewer errors compared to control arms. Error minimisation was described for parenteral and oral cancer therapies and also for supportive medications such as antiemetics.ConclusionPharmacists reduce errors and potential patient harm in practice settings where cancer patients are treated. Pharmacists are an integral component of cancer care teams.
Growth Rate of Ovarian Serous Cystadenomas and Cystadenofibromas
Authors: Frederick Ross P. , Patel Anika G. , Young Scott W. , Dahiya Nirvikar , Patel Maitray D. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesWe analyzed growth rates of benign ovarian serous cystadenomas and cystadenofibromas to understand what percentage would show a volume doubling time (DT) of less than 3 years, between 3 and 5 years, or greater than 5 years.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed pathology records (January 1, 2014, to June 30, 2019) to find all surgically excised ovarian serous cystadenomas and cystadenofibromas. Imaging records were then reviewed to identify those that had been confidently identified with ultrasound imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, or computed tomography at least twice before surgical removal, with at least a 60‐day interval between studies. Three orthogonal measurements were recorded on the first and last imaging studies on which the mass was detected, with volume calculations by the prolate formula (product of 3 measurements multiplied by 0.52). The volume DT was calculated and grouped into 1 of 5 categories: (1) DT of less than 1 year; (2) DT of 1 to 3 years; (3) DT of 3 to 5 years; (4) DT of 5 to 10 years; and (5) no growth (any mass with a DT >10 years or showing a decrease in volume).ResultsA total of 102 of 536 cystadenomas and 44 of 227 cystadenofibromas met inclusion criteria. Of the 146 tumors, 40 (27.4%) had a DT of less than 1 year; 38 (26.0%) had a DT of 1 to 3 years; 22 (15.1%) had a DT of 3 to 5 years; 10 (6.8%) had a DT of 5 to 10 years; and 36 (24.7%) showed no growth.ConclusionsA total of 53.4% of ovarian serous cystadenomas/cystadenofibromas have a DT of less than 3 years; 15.1% have a DT between 3 and 5 years; and 31.5% have a DT of greater than 5 years or show no growth.
Autonomous vehicle surveys indicate that flow reversals retain juvenile fishes in a highly advective high‐latitude ecosystem
Authors: Levine Robert M. , De Robertis Alex , Grünbaum Daniel , Woodgate Rebecca , Mordy Calvin W. , Mueter Franz , Cokelet Edward , Lawrence‐Slavas Noah , Tabisola Heather 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSummer surveys of the Chukchi Sea indicate that high densities of age‐0 gadid fishes, historically Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) but recently also walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus), dominate the pelagic fish community. Adults are comparatively scarce, suggesting that either overwinter survivorship of age‐0 gadids is low, or that they emigrate to other areas of the Pacific Arctic. To examine population movement, we conducted repeat acoustic surveys with saildrone autonomous surface vehicles equipped with echosounders throughout summer 2018. The saildrones' range and endurance enabled two large‐scale surveys of the U.S. Chukchi shelf. Acoustic backscatter, a proxy for fish density, was highest in regions with sea surface temperatures of 6–8°C, and lowest in areas influenced by recent ice melt. A subarea of the central Chukchi was surveyed a total of four times; backscatter in this subarea increased by > 85% from late‐July to mid‐September. As summer progressed, fish developed more extensive diel vertical migrations and backscatter from individuals doubled. Both changes suggest increases in backscatter were driven primarily by increasing body size. Particle tracking simulations indicated age‐0 gadids were likely retained over the Chukchi shelf by extended periods of wind‐driven southward flow during the survey period before strong northward flow in late fall transported them to the north. These findings suggest that in summer 2018, age‐0 gadids were advected northward to the Chukchi shelf from the northern Bering Sea, where they were retained during a period of growth until late fall before being advected farther north toward the Chukchi and Beaufort shelf breaks.
Missense variants in CTNNB1 can be associated with vitreoretinopathy—Seven new cases of CTNNB1‐associated neurodevelopmental disorder including a previously unreported retinal phenotype
Authors: Rossetti Linda Z. , Bekheirnia Mir Reza , Lewis Andrea M. , Mefford Heather C. , Golden‐Grant Katie , Tarczy‐Hornoch Kristina , Briere Lauren C. , Sweetser David A. , Walker Melissa A. , Kravets Elijah , Stevenson David A. , Bruenner Georgette , Sebastian Jessica , Knapo Julia , Rosenfeld Jill A. , Marcogliese Paul C. ,   Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Wangler Michael F. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundCTNNB1 (MIM 116806) encodes beta‐catenin, an adherens junction protein that supports the integrity between layers of epithelial tissue and mediates intercellular signaling. Recently, various heterozygous germline variants in CTNNB1 have been associated with human disease, including neurodevelopmental disorder with spastic diplegia and visual defects (MIM 615075) as well as isolated familial exudative vitreoretinopathy without developmental delays or other organ system involvement (MIM 617572). From over 40 previously reported patients with CTNNB1‐related neurodevelopmental disorder, many have had ocular anomalies including strabismus, hyperopia, and astigmatism. More recently, multiple reports indicate that these abnormalities are associated with the presence of vitreoretinopathy.MethodsWe gathered a cohort of three patients with CTNNB1‐related neurodevelopmental disorder, recruited from both our own clinic and referred from outside providers. We then searched for a clinical database comprised of over 12,000 exome sequencing studies to identify and recruit four additional patients.ResultsHere, we report seven new cases of CTNNB1‐related neurodevelopmental disorder, all harboring de novo variants, six of which were previously unreported. All patients but one presented with a spectrum of ocular abnormalities and one patient, who was found to carry a missense variant in CTNNB1, had notable vitreoretinopathy.ConclusionsOur findings suggest ophthalmologic screening should be performed in all patients with CTNNB1 variants.
PET/CT acceptance testing and quality assurance: Executive summary of AAPM Task Group 126 Report
Authors: Lopez Benjamin P. , Jordan David W. , Kemp Brad J. , Kinahan Paul E. , Schmidtlein Charles R. , Mawlawi Osama R. 
Published: December 2020

PurposeA Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography quality assurance program is necessary to ensure that patients receive optimal imaging and care. We summarize the AAPM Task Group (TG) 126 report on acceptance and quality assurance (QA) testing of PET/CT systems.MethodsTG 126 was charged with developing PET/CT acceptance testing and QA procedures. The TG aimed to develop procedures that would allow for standardized evaluation of existing short‐axis cylindrical‐bore PET/CT systems in the spirit of NEMA NU 2 standards without requiring specialized phantoms or proprietary software tools.ResultsWe outline eight performance evaluations using common phantoms and freely available software whereby the clinical physicist monitors each PET/CT system by comparing periodic Follow‐Up Measurements to Baseline Measurements acquired during acceptance testing. For each of the eight evaluations, we also summarize the expected testing time and materials necessary and the recommended pass/fail criteria.ConclusionOur report provides a guideline for periodic evaluations of most clinical PET/CT systems that simplifies procedures and requirements outlined by other agencies and will facilitate performance comparisons across vendors, models, and institutions.
12‐Month progression of motor and functional outcomes in congenital myotonic dystrophy
Authors: Quigg Kellen H. , Berggren Kiera N. , McIntyre Melissa , Bates Kameron , Salmin Francesca , Casiraghi Jacopo L. , DʼAmico Adele , Astrea Guja , Ricci Federica , McKay Marnee J. , Baldwin Jennifer N. , Burns Joshua , Campbell Craig , Sansone Valeria A. , Johnson Nicholas E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe aim to describe 12‐mo functional and motor outcome performance in a cohort of participants with congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM).MethodsCDM participants performed the 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT), 10 Meter Run, 4 Stair Climb, Grip Strength, and Lip Force at baseline and 12‐mo visits. Parents completed the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale.ResultsForty‐seven participants, aged 0 to 13 y old, with CDM were enrolled. 6MWT, 10 Meter Run, and 4 Stair Climb were completed in >85% of eligible participants. The only significant difference between mean baseline and 12‐mo performance was an improvement in 6MWT in children 3‐6 y old (P = .008). This age group also had the largest mean % improvement in performance in all other timed functional testing. In children >7 y, the slope of change on timed functional tests decreased or plateaued, with further reductions in performance in children ≥10 y. Participants with CTG repeat lengths <500 did not perform differently than those with repeat lengths >1000.ConclusionsThe 6MWT, 10 Meter Run, and 4 Stair Climb were the most feasible measures. Our findings are consistent with the clinical profile and prior cross‐sectional data, helping to establish reasonable expectations of functional trajectories in this population as well as identifying points in which therapeutic interventions may be best studied. Further study of outcomes in children >10 y old and <3 y is warranted, but this new information will assist planning of clinical trials in the CDM population.
Effect of Cryopreservation and Packaging System on Sperm Motility and Fertility of Striped Catfish
Authors: Medina-Robles Víctor M. , Pahí-Rosero Ana M. , Sandoval-Vargas Leydy Y. , Cruz-Casallas Pablo E. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Orinoco Striped Catfish Pseudoplatystoma orinocoense is a highly valued commercial-capture species in Colombia. Although this species was considered endangered and is now in a recovery situation, there are still no cryopreservation studies for its milt. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different cryopreservation media and two packaging systems on the sperm motility and fertilization capacity of Striped Catfish. A first experiment was conducted to test the effects of two permeating cryoprotectants (10% dimethyl sulfoxide and 12% methanol) combined with glucose at two concentrations (5.5% and 10%) and with two membrane stabilizers (12% egg yolk and 5% whole milk powder) on the post-thaw motility of milt samples that were packed into 0.5-mL straws. The cryopreservation media with the best results in the first experiment were selected for a second experiment in which we evaluated 5-mL macrotubes as a packaging system. In this case, the response variables were sperm motility and fertility rate. In both experiments, milt with sperm motility that exceeded 90% was diluted at a 1:6 (volume basis) ratio in each of the two cryopreservation media. The diluted samples were packed, equilibrated (for 10 min), then frozen in a nitrogen-vapor dry shipper for 30 min, and finally stored in liquid nitrogen until they were evaluated. Each factor and its interactions showed a significant effect (P &lt; 0.001) on post-thaw sperm motility in experiment 1. The best protection during cryopreservation was obtained when 12% methanol supplemented with 5.5% glucose was used as a permeating cryoprotectant, yielding an average motility of 33.3 ± 5.1% (mean ± SD) and 64 ± 5.4% in the 0.5- and 5-mL packaging systems, respectively. Similarly, the highest fertility rate (85%) was recorded under this treatment, with no significant difference (P &gt; 0.05) from the fresh milt. Therefore, Striped Catfish milt can be cryopreserved in 5-mL macrotubes by using 12% methanol and 5.5% glucose, without the addition of membrane stabilizers.