bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Atmospheric Response to North Atlantic SST Trends, 1870–2019
Authors: Karnauskas Kristopher B. , Zhang Lei , Amaya Dillon J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSea surface temperature (SST) observations in the North Atlantic since 1870 reveal a region of enhanced warming off the northeastern coast of North America, and a region of cooling to the south of Greenland. It has been hypothesized that these adjacent SST trends are a result of long‐term changes in the buoyancy‐driven ocean circulation—a slowdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. The impacts of these historical SST trends on the atmosphere are estimated using idealized atmospheric general circulation model experiments in which the global atmosphere is exposed to modern climatological forcing minus the aforementioned regional SST trends. The local response includes a negative North Atlantic Oscillation tendency and southward shift of the wind forcing for the subtropical gyre. Due to planetary wave propagation, the regional SST trends also induce a northward shift of the intertropical convergence zone over the Indian Ocean. Implications for climate feedbacks and projections are discussed.
The Miocene: The Future of the Past
Authors: Steinthorsdottir M. , Coxall H. K. , de Boer A. M. , Huber M. , Barbolini N. , Bradshaw C. D. , Burls N. J. , Feakins S. J. , Gasson E. , Henderiks J. , Holbourn A. E. , Kiel S. , Kohn M. J. , Knorr G. , Kürschner W. M. , Lear C. H. , Liebrand D. , Lunt D. J. , Mörs T. , Pearson P. N. , Pound M. J. , Stoll H. , Strömberg C. A. E. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Miocene epoch (23.03–5.33 Ma) was a time interval of global warmth, relative to today. Continental configurations and mountain topography transitioned toward modern conditions, and many flora and fauna evolved into the same taxa that exist today. Miocene climate was dynamic: long periods of early and late glaciation bracketed a ∼2 Myr greenhouse interval—the Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO). Floras, faunas, ice sheets, precipitation,pCO2, and ocean and atmospheric circulation mostly (but not ubiquitously) covaried with these large changes in climate. With higher temperatures and moderately higherpCO2(∼400–600 ppm), the MCO has been suggested as a particularly appropriate analog for future climate scenarios, and for assessing the predictive accuracy of numerical climate models—the same models that are used to simulate future climate. Yet, Miocene conditions have proved difficult to reconcile with models. This implies either missing positive feedbacks in the models, a lack of knowledge of past climate forcings, or the need for re‐interpretation of proxies, which might mitigate the model‐data discrepancy. Our understanding of Miocene climatic, biogeochemical, and oceanic changes on broad spatial and temporal scales is still developing. New records documenting the physical, chemical, and biotic aspects of the Earth system are emerging, and together provide a more comprehensive understanding of this important time interval. Here, we review the state‐of‐the‐art in Miocene climate, ocean circulation, biogeochemical cycling, ice sheet dynamics, and biotic adaptation research as inferred through proxy observations and modeling studies.
Longitudinal transcriptome analyses show robust T cell immunity during recovery from COVID-19
Authors: Zheng Hong-Yi , Xu Min , Yang Cui-Xian , Tian Ren-Rong , Zhang Mi , Li Jian-Jian , Wang Xi-Cheng , Ding Zhao-Li , Li Gui-Mei , Li Xiao-Lu , He Yu-Qi , Dong Xing-Qi , Yao Yong-Gang , Zheng Yong-Tang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the processes of immune regulation in patients infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is crucial for improving treatment. Here, we performed longitudinal whole-transcriptome RNA sequencing on peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples from 18 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during their treatment, convalescence, and rehabilitation. After analyzing the regulatory networks of differentially expressed messenger RNAs (mRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) between the different clinical stages, we found that humoral immunity and type I interferon response were significantly downregulated, while robust T-cell activation and differentiation at the whole transcriptome level constituted the main events that occurred during recovery from COVID-19. The formation of this T cell immune response might be driven by the activation of activating protein-1 (AP-1) related signaling pathway and was weakly affected by other clinical features. These findings uncovered the dynamic pattern of immune responses and indicated the key role of T cell immunity in the creation of immune protection against this disease.
Molecular analysis of homeostatic iron regulator, transmembrane protease serine-6, and BTB domain-containing protein-9 variants and iron parameters in blood donors
Authors: Fawzy Manal S. , Fakhr-Eldeen Abeer , Abu AlSel Baraah T. , Toraih Eman A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Genetic variants associated with iron homeostasis have been identified, but their association with iron-related indices and variables among different ethnic populations remains controversial. We aimed to explore the genotype frequency and allelic distribution of three iron-metabolism related variants in homeostatic iron regulator gene (HFE; rs1800562 G/A), transmembrane protease, Serine-6 gene (TMPRSS6; rs855791 A/G), and BTB domain-containing protein-9 gene (BTBD9; rs9357271 C/T) among a sample of the Middle Eastern blood donors and to detect the association of these variants on blood indices, and serum hepcidin/ferritin levels. Real-Time TaqMan genotyping assay for the specified variants was applied for 197 unrelated blood donors. Complete blood picture and serum hepcidin/ferritin levels were assessed. All participants were carriers of rs1800562*G/G genotype for HFE. The frequency of A/A and A/G genotypes of TMPRSS6 rs855791 variant was 55% and 45%, and for C/C, C/T, and T/T of BTBD9 rs9357271, were 15%, 43%, and 42%, respectively. Minor allele frequencies of rs855791*G and rs9357271*C were 0.23 and 0.37. The GGC genotype combination (for HFE/TMPRSS6/BTBD9, respectively) was more frequent in male participants. Higher serum hepcidin and hepcidin/ferritin ratio were observed in TMPRSS6 (A/G) carriers. While subjects with BTBD9 C/T and TT genotypes had lower serum ferritin values and higher levels of hepcidin and hepcidin/ferritin ratio compared with C/C genotype. No significant associations were found with any other blood parameters.
In conclusion, TMPRSS6 rs855791 (A/G) and BTBD9 rs9357271 (C/T) variants were prevalent in the present blood donor population and may influence the serum hepcidin and/or ferritin levels.
Memory‐based ISMC design of DFIG‐based wind turbine model via T‐S fuzzy approach
Authors: Subramaniyam Ramasamy , Joo Young Hoon 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the memory‐based integral sliding mode control (SMC) design for nonlinear doubly fed induction generator model. The proposed nonlinear doubly fed induction generator model is equivalent to linear sub‐systems via fuzzy membership functions by utilising the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy approach. Then, a memory‐based sliding surface is intended, which is different from the conventional sliding surface. Based on suitable Lyapunov functionals and slack matrices, sufficient conditions are obtained, which guaranty the memory‐based Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy system to be globally asymptotically stable under the designed memory‐based sliding mode control through linear matrix inequality. Further, the desired memory‐based fuzzy SMC control gain is obtained by solving the concerned linear matrix inequality. Also, a memory‐based SMC law and an adaptive SMC law are incorporated to make the system state trajectories onto the pretend sliding switching manifold in a finite‐time. The derived conditions are verified in the numerical section with the nonlinear doubly fed induction generator model, which are formulated for reflecting the characteristics of the proposed wind turbine model.
A novel AC line distance protection scheme for AC/DC hybrid system based on fault likeness factor
Authors: Ma Jing , Wu Yuchong , Phadke Arun G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractConcerning the mal‐operation of distance protection in AC/DC hybrid system due to commutation failure in DC system caused by AC‐side fault, a novel AC line distance protection scheme based on fault likeness factor is proposed. First, by analysing the conducting state of converter in different time intervals, the expression of feed‐in current from DC system to AC system is derived. On this basis, combining AC‐side fault component network, the fault location equation considering the impact of feed‐in current from DC system is established. Thus, by solving the equation consisting of information at multiple time sections, the fault location is calculated. And then, according to the consistency between the calculated fault location and actual fault location, the fault likeness factor is constructed to distinguish between in‐zone and out‐of‐zone faults. Finally, simulation tests in RT‐LAB verify that, the proposed scheme can identify in‐zone and out‐of‐zone faults fast and accurately in the case of commutation failure caused by different types of fault, strongly immune to fault resistance.
Coordinated formation control for intelligent and connected vehicles in multiple traffic scenarios
Authors: Xu Qing , Cai Mengchi , Li Keqiang , Xu Biao , Wang Jianqiang , Wu Xiangbin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a unified multi‐vehicle formation control framework for intelligent and connected vehicles (ICVs) that can apply to multiple traffic scenarios is proposed. In the one‐dimensional scenario, different formation geometries are analysed, and the interlaced structure is mathematically modellised to improve driving safety while making full use of the lane capacity. The assignment problem for vehicles, and target positions is solved using Hungarian algorithm to improve the flexibility of the method in multiple scenarios. In the two‐dimensional scenario, an improved virtual platoon method is proposed to transfer the complex two‐dimensional passing problem to the one‐dimensional formation control problem based on the idea of rotation projection. Besides, the vehicle regrouping method is proposed to connect the two scenarios. Simulation results prove that the proposed multi‐vehicle formation control framework can apply to multiple typical scenarios, and have better performance than existing methods.
Special Consideration in the Management of Hump Noses in Asians
Authors: Jang Yong Ju , Moon Hyun 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlthough not as prevalent as in Caucasian rhinoplasty, correction of a hump nose also poses a significant problem for East Asian rhinoplasty. The hump noses in East Asians can be classified as generalized humps, isolated humps, and relative humps with a low tip. Appropriate management of the Asian hump nose demands a good understanding of the anatomical characteristics unique to East Asians. As the East Asians generally prefer to have a nose with a prominent tip and well-augmented nasal dorsum, the concept of redistribution is significant in managing convex dorsum of the East Asians. Hump reduction should be done in a conservative and incremental manner, including careful removal of the bony cap and cartilaginous hump. Tip augmentation using a septal extension graft is an essential maneuver to achieve an aesthetically pleasing tip height, which has a tremendous impact on the overall aesthetic outcome. Midvault reconstruction, dorsal augmentation, and camouflage are additional key elements for the success of the operation. Complications such as undercorrection and dorsal irregularities are not uncommon, requiring surgeons to take utmost care to address them.
Degenerative Lumbar Spine Disease, Not Fusion, May Be a Risk Factor for Instability after Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Witmer Daniel K. , Deckard Evan R. , Meneghini R. Michael 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDislocation rates after total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients with fixed spinopelvic motion have been reported as high as 20%. Few studies exist specifically for lumbar spine degenerative joint disease (DJD) and its relationship to THA instability. There were two study objectives: (1) report the incidence of lumbar spine DJD and previous lumbar spine fusion and (2) evaluate the relationship of these two conditions and other potential risk factors to postoperative dislocation after THA. We retrospectively reviewed 818 consecutive THAs performed by a single surgeon utilizing a posterior approach. Comprehensive medical chart and radiographic review was performed to identify patients with lumbar spine DJD and lumbar spine fusion. Radiographic measurements, patient factors, surgical factors, and incidences of dislocation also were recorded. Eight hundred and twelve THAs were analyzed. There were 10 dislocations (1.2%, 10/812). Lumbar spine DJD and previous lumbar spine fusion occurred in 33.4% (271/812) and 5.9% (48/812) of patients, respectively. Lumbar spine DJD, acetabular protrusio, and female sex were significant predictors of dislocation using a Firth penalized maximum likelihood estimation specifically for rare events (area under receiver-operator characteristic curve = 0.91, 95% confidence interval 0.86, 0.96). Interestingly, only 2 of 10 dislocations had a previous lumbar spine fusion. Lumbar spine DJD, acetabular protrusio, and female sex were significant predictors of dislocation, while lumbar spine fusion was largely unrelated. This study used data available to most practicing surgeons and provides useful information for counseling patients preoperatively.
Practical Considerations in Adopting New Technology for Facial Cosmetic Procedures
Authors: Rousso Joseph J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe field of facial plastic and reconstructive surgery encompasses both surgical and nonsurgical facets, creating a supplemental level of care and an additional layer of complexity. Determining the “best course of care” can be very difficult in experienced situations, but even more so when considering adopting an emerging technology. A basic and practical method of analyzing a new technology requires investigating the risk-to-benefit assessment, the utility and clinical outcomes compared with other treatment options, and an introspective ethical appraisal of whether the technology is foremost for patient care purposes. Even after employing a new technology, constant monitoring and reevaluation of the results is necessary to determine if it should be continued or altered.
Antiplatelet Therapy with Cangrelor in Patients Undergoing Surgery after Coronary Stent Implantation: A Real-World Bridging Protocol Experience
Authors: Rossini Roberta , Masiero Giulia , Fruttero Claudia , Passamonti Enrico , Calvaruso Elba , Cecconi Moreno , Carlucci Cesare , Mojoli Marco , Guido Parodi , Talanas Giuseppe , Pierini Simona , Canova Paolo , De Cesare Nicoletta , Luceri Stefania , Barzaghi Nicoletta , Melloni Giulio , Baralis Giorgio , Locatelli Alessandro , Musumeci Giuseppe , Angiolillo Dominick J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective The aim of the study is to describe the real-world use of the P2Y12 inhibitor cangrelor as a bridging strategy in patients at high thrombotic risk after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and referred to surgery requiring perioperative withdrawal of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT).
Materials and Methods We collected data from nine Italian centers on patients with previous PCI who were still on DAPT and undergoing nondeferrable surgery requiring DAPT discontinuation. A perioperative standardized bridging protocol with cangrelor was used.
Results Between December 2017 and April 2019, 24 patients (mean age 72 years; male 79%) were enrolled. All patients were at high thrombotic risk after PCI and required nondeferrable intermediate to high bleeding risk surgery requiring DAPT discontinuation (4.6 ± 1.7 days). Cangrelor infusion was started at a bridging dose (0.75 µg/kg/min) 3 days before planned surgery and was discontinued 6.6 ± 1.5 hours prior to surgical incision. In 55% of patients, cangrelor was resumed at 9 ± 6 hours following surgery for a mean of 39 ± 38 hours. One cardiac death was reported after 3 hours of cangrelor discontinuation prior to surgery. No ischemic outcomes occurred after surgery and up to 30-days follow-up. The mean hemoglobin drop was <2 g/dL; nine patients received blood transfusions consistent with the type of surgery, but no life-threatening or fatal bleeding occurred.
Conclusion Perioperative bridging therapy with cangrelor is a feasible approach for stented patients at high thrombotic risk and referred to surgery requiring DAPT discontinuation. Larger studies are warranted to support the safety of this strategy.
Role of Transarterial Embolization in the Management of Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysm Postlaparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: Gandhi Rozil Jayesh , Gala Kunal Bharat , Gandhi Aditi K. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose To assess the safety and effectiveness of transarterial embolization (TAE) in the management of hepatic artery pseudoaneurysms following laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).
Materials and Methods This is a retrospective study consisting of 13 patients who had undergone TAE for management of pseudoaneurysms of the hepatic artery or its branches following LC. Patients presented with symptoms such as hypotension, hematemesis, melena or gradual anemia post LC. Abdominal CT revealed hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm in all patients. TAE was performed with either coils or N-butyl cyanoacrylate or both. We evaluated technical and clinical effectiveness and complications of TAE.
Results TAE was successful both technically and in stopping bleeding in all patients (100% technical and clinical success). No patient had rebleeding after TAE. Four patients required laparotomy for draining hemoperitoneum and clots. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for hemobilia or bile duct injury was done in eight patients. Following TAE, hepatic infarct was observed in three patients. Postembolization syndrome was seen in four patients and one patient died due to sepsis.
Conclusions TAE is effective for treatment of hepatic artery pseudoaneurysms after LC. Hepatic infarcts and postembolization syndrome are the most common complications and can be managed conservatively.
Phonological change and interdialectal differences between Egyptian and Coptic: ḏ, ṯ → c = ϫ versus ḏ, ṯ → t = ⲧ
Authors: Kilani Marwan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe development of the Egyptian palatalsḏandṯhas long been a thorny issue in Egyptian linguistics. No convincing phonological rule for it has been identified so far. In the present paper I argue that the distribution of these phonemes is the result of inter-dialectal borrowings between a pre-Coptic dialect (C‑Dialect) in whichḏ , ṯ→c = ϫ and a pre-Coptic dialect (T‑Dialect) in whichḏ , ṯ→t = ⲧ. It is then argued that the attested Coptic dialects derive from T‑Dialects with lexical borrowings from C‑Dialects. A preliminary discussion of the sociolinguistic contexts of these dialects is presented in the second part of the article, where it is suggested that the C‑Dialect may have been associated with the area of the cities of Avaris/Pi-Ramses/Tanis and may have become a prestigious dialect and thus a source of lexical borrowings starting from the 19th dynasty.
Reply to “Comment on ‘Fluctuation-dominated phase ordering at a mixed order transition’”
Authors: Barma Mustansir , Majumdar Satya N , Mukamel David 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Godrèche, in Comment on ‘Fluctuation dominated phase ordering at a mixed order transition’ [2021 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.
54 038001], has commented on our recent paper Fluctuation dominated phase ordering at a mixed order transition (2019 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.
52 254001). This comment concerns the prefactor of the cusp-like small-argument singularity of the scaled spin-spin correlation function at criticality. We remark that the approach used in our paper is adequate for computing the cusp exponent, which is what is really needed to establish fluctuation-dominated phase ordering. Computing the precise value of the prefactor of the cusp singularity is irrelevant for this purpose, or for the physics behind the relation between the mixed order phase transition and the fluctuation-dominated phase ordering—the understanding of which was the main purpose of our paper.
Duality defect of the monster CFT
Authors: Lin Ying-Hsuan , Shao Shu-Heng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We show that the fermionization of the Monster CFT with respect to

Z

2
A

is the tensor product of a free fermion and the Baby Monster CFT. The chiral fermion parity of the free fermion implies that the Monster CFT is self-dual under the

Z

2
A

orbifold, i.e. it enjoys the Kramers–Wannier duality. The Kramers–Wannier duality defect extends the Monster group to a larger category of topological defect lines that contains an Ising subcategory. We introduce the defect McKay–Thompson series defined as the Monster partition function twisted by the duality defect, and find that the coefficients can be decomposed into the dimensions of the (projective) irreducible representations of the Baby Monster group. We further prove that the defect McKay–Thompson series is invariant under the genus-zero congruence subgroup 16D
0 of

P
S
L

(

2
,
Z

)

.
Effect of CeO2 on microstructures and mechanical properties of welded high-strength steel weld metal
Authors: Yu Hang , Zhang Tianli , Chen Yu , Wang Weiguang , Wu Wen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The effect of CeO2 on the microstructures and mechanical properties of welded high-strength steel weld metal was investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and mechanical testing. The results demonstrate that the addition of CeO2 can promote the refinement and spheroidization of inclusions, refine the grains, and form acicular ferrites in the weld metals. When the addition of CeO2 increased from 0% to 3%, the content of bainites gradually decreased, and the lath structure disappeared. The formation of the acicular ferrite ductile phase inhibited the formation of bainites and other strengthened phases in the weld metals, and the microstructure of acicular ferrites was excessive. When the CeO2 content was 1%, the tensile strength was 903 MPa, the yield strength was 848 MPa, and the low-temperature impact toughness was 61 J at −40 °C. When the CeO2 content was 3%, the low-temperature impact toughness of the weld metal gradually increased to a maximum value of 71 J. The weld metal had the highest toughness but the lowest strength. The addition of CeO2 changed the pattern of crack generation, and the fracture mode changed from quasi-cleavage fractures to ductile fractures with dimples. To achieve a good matching of strength and toughness, the wire No. 2 with 1% CeO2 had the best comprehensive mechanical properties.