bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manejo de desechos tecnológicos: Negocio floreciente
Authors: Castillo-Merino Miriam Adriana , Mero-Suárez Karina Virginia , Paladines-Moran Julio Pedro 
Published: April 2020

El tema de la basura tecnológica ha sido una problemática para las ciudades que no han comprendido la premisa de que la materia no se destruye, sino que se transforma. Por ello, este articulo tiene como objetivo evaluar la propuesta de un manual para el manejo de los desechos tecnológicos como un negocio floreciente en el canton de Jipijapa – Ecuador, con la finalidad de convertir el volumen de desperdicios tecnológicos depositados en los rellenos sanitarios de la basura en un medio de ingreso económico para la comunidad, a través de su recuperación y transformación útil, al llevarla devuelta al circuito productivo, sirviendo como un centro de investigación visitable y educativo, sobre el reciclaje, tratamiento y gestionamiento de los desechos. Metodológicamente, se utilizó la observación y el estudio a un radio de acción a nivel estatal del Canton de Jipijapa que incluyeron a 80 habitantes y los cuales respondieron a un instrumento de repuestas dicotómicas. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron conocer la disposición de los investigados en cuanto al conocimiento y necesidad del reciclaje Tecnológico, lo que permitió concluir que existe disposición en aceptar la propuesta de un manual para el manejo de los desechos tecnológicos como un negocio floreciente para el canton de Jipijapa – Ecuador, admitiendo minimizar el daño ambiental, fomentar el aporte del reciclaje y el reusó de la basura tecnológica, formando concientizadores que difundirán conocimiento sobre el tema para mejorar la calidad ambiental y por extensión la humana.
علوم الفن الإسلامي: العلاقات البَيْنية والتكامل المعرفي
Authors: حنش ادهام محمد 
Published: April 2020

يكاد موضوع الفن الإسلامي يكون اليوم مجالاً معرفياً غربياً بامتياز؛ صنعته الدراسات الاستشراقية على مبادئ كلٍ من علمَي الآثار والمتاحف، وطورته الدراسات ما بعد الاستشراقية على مبادئ العلوم الإنسانية والاجتماعية والثقافية بشكل عام؛ ففتحت الباب للدراسات المعرفية التي غالباً ما تتصف بمنظور علمي أشمل ومنهج وظيفي أوسع، يقومان على العلاقات البينية والتكامل المعرفي لعلوم الفن الإسلامي ونظرياته الفلسفية والجمالية والإبداعية والنقدية، ويتجاوزان المنظور الآثاري والوظيفة الـمَتْحفِيّة لموضوع الفن الإسلامي.
تهدف هذه المقاربة إلى تحقيق الاستدامة المعرفية للفن الإسلامي بوصفه معرفة جمالية إسلامية مركبة من عدد من العلوم والنظريات التأسيسية والبنائية والتأصيلية والمساعدة لتكوين هذا الفن. وتخلص هذه المقاربة إلى بعض النتائج المعرفية والمنهجية والوظيفية القابلة للاستلهام الثقافي والاستثمار المعرفي في الدراسات المستقبلية المتعلقة بالفن الإسلامي.
Islamic Art may be an Orientalistic subject of Archaeology & Museology, which have been developed later by the post-Orientalistic studies around the principles of social, human and cultural sciences. Then its door was open for epistemological studies which adopted an approach of a comprehensive scientific perspective and a wide functional methodology based on interdisciplinarity and epistemological integration of the philosophical, aesthetic, creative and critical theories of Islamic art, in order to transcend the archaeological perspective and the museum's function.
This study aims to achieve the cognitive sustainability of Islamic Art as a complex aesthetic knowledge of Islam, composed of many theories, which can be described as foundational, structural in the formation of Islamic Art. The study concludes with some cognitive, methodological and functional results that can inspire culturally and creatively the future studies related to Islamic art.
ROLE OF THE AGRICULTURAL INITIATIVE AND SUPPORTING AGENCIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PALM GROVES IN DIWANIYA AND MUTHANNA PROVINCES
Authors: & Naji Hamza 
Published: April 2020

The aim of this research is to identify the role of the agricultural initiative and the supporting devices in the development of palm orchards in Diwaniyah and Muthanna provinces. The aims of the research a questionnaire was prepared consisting (62) items distributed over (7) roles. The provinces of Diwaniyah and Muthanna were chosen for conducting the research. The owners of palm orchards benefiting from the agricultural initiative in the development of palm orchards in the provinces of Diwaniyah and Muthanna were (623) borrowers: including (294) borrowers for the establishment of modern palm groves and (329) borrowers for the development and service of existing palm orchards. A random sample 20% was selected from the research society, with a sample of (125) namely: (59) for the establishment of a modern palm grove and (66) for the development and servicing of existing palm orchards. The results of the research found that the numbers of palm orchards established through the agricultural initiative reached (294) and the numbers of orchards developed and served were (329). The numbers of palm trees planted through the establishment of modern palm groves on agricultural initiative loans amounted to (113978) palm trees. Also, the results found the extension agencies carried out (288) extension activities related to the development of palm orchards in the research area during the agricultural initiative period. The average percentage of the extension role paragraphs was 73%. But, the average percentage of the prevention role paragraphs was 69% in the field of modern palm groves. However, 70% in the development and service of existing palm orchards and the average percentage of the follow-up role paragraphs reached 75%. The research recommends the continuation of the agricultural initiative through the launch of a new initiative for the development of palm orchards such as the comprehensive agricultural initiative to promote the palm sector.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI PENILAIAN HASIL BELAJAR BERBASIS INTRANET BAGI SISWA SISWI KELAS XI SMK PASAR MINGGU JAKARTA
Authors: Mazia Lia , Sopawiro Zaki , Pujiastuti Endang , A.R Syaifur Rahmatullah 
Published: April 2020

SMK Pasar Minggu adalah salah satu Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan yang berada di wilayah Jakarta Selatan. Proses penilaian hasil belajar dilaksanakan di dalam kelas dengan cara guru membuat soal dan membagikan soal tersebut kepada siswa untuk dikerjakan dan dikumpulkan kembali ke guru saat waktu pengerjaan telah selesai. Cara seperti ini tidak bisa dilaksanakan bagi siswa/siswi kelas XI yang sedang melaksanakan PKL Solusi yang diberikan dari pihak sekolah saat ini adalah untuk siswa/siswi kelas XI yang sedang melaksanakan PKL dapat hadir untuk mengerjakan soal pada hari Sabtu di sekolah. Untuk perekapan nilai dilakukan oleh guru masing-masing pelajaran dengan cara menuliskan satu persatu pada buku nilai sehingga besar kemungkinan terjadi kesalahan guru dalam menuliskan nilainya. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dibangunlah sistem informasi berbasis intranet yang digunakan untuk proses penilaian hasil pembelajaran bagi siswa/siswi kelas XI dengan menggunakan metode waterfall
Assessment of Knowledge of Nurses in Providing Psychosocial Care for Mothers with Sickle Cell Child in Osun State Nigeria
Authors: Omolola Adams Olatayo , Adesuyi Aderonke Bosede , Omolola Basirat Temitope , Kosemani Tolulope 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: This descriptive study is designed to assess the knowledge of nurses in providing psychosocial care for mothers with sickle cell diseases child in Osun State Nigeria.
Methods: Nurses working in the two teaching hospitals were used. Simple self-designed questionnaire was adopted, two hundred (200) respondents primarily the nurses were used in the research study. The questionnaire has three sections: the demographic variables, Knowledge of nurses on use of psychosocial care and mothers’ knowledge on care of child with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). The data were collected and analysed using a descriptive statistics of percentage and frequency.
Results: The results revealed that there is a need to improve nursing skills on psychosocial care among the nurses. The current nursing practices with regard to psychosocial care needs to be reviewed and upgraded so as to give a desired outcome. 46.5% of the nurses reported that mothers do not have confidence in the skills of nurses in providing psychosocial care, 43.5% have confidence in the skills of nurses while 10% were undecided. Besides, 90% of nurses agreed that there is a need for continuous retraining of nurses in providing a positive outcome of psychosocial care while only 10% do not agreed.
Conclusion: It was concluded that psychosocial care plays an important role in managing patients with SCD, hence, there is a need to retrain nurses on standard method of psychosocial care.
Ceviz gövde kanseri hastalığı etmeni Botryosphaeria dothidea’nın tanılanması ve bazı fungisitlerin hastalık etmenine karşı in vitro antifungal etkinliklerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Kurt Şener , Soylu Soner , Uysal Aysun , Soylu Emine Mine , Kara Merve 
Published: April 2020

Amaç: Çalışmada
Hatay’ın İskenderun ilçesinde Mayıs 2019 tarihinde ceviz bahçelerdeki ceviz
ağaçlarında, iletim dokularında kahverengi-koyu kahverengi renk değişikliği,
odun dokusu nekrozu ve dallarda geriye doğru ölüm hastalık belirtilerine neden
olan fungal etmenin tanılanması ve etmenin bazı fungisitlere karşı duyarlılık
düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Yöntem ve Bulgular: Hastalıklı dallardan, kanserlerden ve belirti göstermeyen ceviz örneklerinden yapılan izolasyonlar sonucunda elde edilen fungal izolat morfolojik ve moleküler çalışmalara göre Botryosphaeria dothidea olarak tanılanmıştır. Patojenisite denemeleri, fungal izolatın bölgede yetiştirilen Chandler çeşidi ceviz ağacı sürgünlerinde oldukça virülent olduğunu göstermiştir. Mevcut bilgilerimize göre bu çalışma, Türkiye’de cevizi enfekte eden Botryosphaeria dothidea’nın ilk raporudur. Fluazinam (0.001-0.015 µg/ml), thiophanate-methyl (0.1-10.0 µg/ml), boscalid + pyraclostrobin (1.0-50.0 µg/ml), trifloxystrobin (0.5-50.0 µg/ml), kresoxim-methyl (0.1-50.0 µg/ml) ve tebuconazole (0.5-50.0 µg/ml) gibi 6 farklı fungisitin farklı konsantrasyonlarının, fungal etmene karşı in vitro antifungal etkileri belirlenmiştir. Fungisitlerin ortalama etkili konsantrasyon (EC50) değerleri, Probit analiziyle belirlenmiştir. Hesaplanan EC50 değerlerine göre hastalık etmenine karşı en etkili fungisit fluazinam (0.002 µg/ml) olarak kaydedilmiş olup, bu fungisiti thiophanate-methyl (0.275 µg/ml), tebuconazole (0.994 µg/ml), boscalid + pyraclostrobin (3.993 µg/ml) ve trifloxystrobin (4.262 µg/ml) izlemiştir. En düşük antifungal etkinlik fungisitler arasında misel gelişimini %37.5 oranında engelleyen kresoxim-methyl tarafından gösterilmiştir.Genel Yorum: Bu çalışma fungal etmen Botryosphaeria dothidea’nın Türkiye’de
yetiştirilen ceviz ağaçlarında gövde kanseri hastalığa neden olduğunun ilk
kayıdıdır. Elde edilen sonuçlar ayrıca Botryosphaeria
dothidea’nın sebep olduğu ceviz kanser hastalığının seçilen fungisitlerin
uygulanmasıyla ağaçların hastalıktan korunabileceğini önermektedir.Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Sonuç olarak, fluazinam,
thiophanate-methyl ve tebuconazole’ün fungal patojen B. dothidea’nın kontrolünde kullanım potansiyeli bulunduğunu ortaya
koymaktadır.
Simulating JWST/NIRCam Color Selection of High-redshift Galaxies
Authors: Hainline Kevin N. , Hviding Raphael E. , Rieke Marcia , Shivaei Irene , Endsley Ryan , Curtis-Lake Emma , Smit Renske , Williams Christina C. , Alberts Stacey , K Boyett Kristan N. , Bunker Andrew J. , Egami Eiichi , Maseda Michael V. , Tacchella Sandro , Willmer Christopher N. A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) instrument on the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope will offer an unprecedented view of the most distant galaxies. In preparation for future deep NIRCam extragalactic surveys, it is crucial to understand the color selection of high-redshift galaxies using the Lyman dropout technique. To that end, we have used the JAdes extraGalactic Ultradeep Artificial Realizations mock catalog to simulate a series of extragalactic surveys with realistic noise estimates. This enables us to explore different color selections and their impact on the number density of recovered high-redshift galaxies and lower-redshift interlopers. We explore how survey depth, detection signal-to-noise ratio, color selection method, detection filter choice, and the presence of the Lyα emission line affects the resulting dropout selected samples. We find that redder selection colors reduce the number of recovered high-redshift galaxies, but the overall accuracy of the final sample is higher. In addition, we find that methods that utilize two or three color cuts have higher accuracy because of their ability to select against low-redshift quiescent and faint dusty interloper galaxies. We also explore the near-IR colors of brown dwarfs and demonstrate that, while they are predicted to have low on-sky densities, they are most likely to be recovered in F090W dropout selection, but there are color cuts that help to mitigate this contamination. Overall, our results provide NIRCam selection methods to aid in the creation of large, pure samples of ultra-high-redshift galaxies from photometry alone.
Evidence for Magnetar Precession in X-Ray Afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Suvorov A. G. , Kokkotas K. D. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Many gamma-ray bursts are followed by periods of extended emission. At least in some cases, the burst afterglow may be powered by a rapidly rotating, highly magnetized neutron star, which spins down due to electromagnetic and gravitational-wave emission. Such a remnant is likely to strongly precess in the early stages of its life, which would lead to modulations in the X-ray luminosity as the triaxiality of the system evolves over time. Using a radiation profile appropriate for a precessing, oblique rotator, we find that Swift-XRT data of a long (080602) and a short (090510) burst matches the model with significantly higher accuracy (mean-square residuals dropping by ≳200% in the early stages of the extended emission) than for an orthogonal rotator. We interpret this as evidence for precession in newborn magnetars.
Efficacy of Visual Surveys for Monitoring Populations of Talus-Roosting Bats
Authors: Moosman Paul R. , Marsh David M. , Pody Emily K. , Dannon Mitch P. , Reynolds Richard J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWinter cave and mine surveys have been the primary method to monitor status of bat populations but they are not equally effective across regions or species. Many species of bats that roost in rock outcrops during the nonhibernation period are difficult for researchers to monitor with existing methods. Although some wildlife biologists have speculated visual surveys could be used to monitor populations of bats roosting on talus slopes, they did not know the efficacy of the method. We used standardized plot-based visual surveys to quantify presence and abundance of eastern small-footed bats Myotis leibii on talus slopes in Virginia, and studied sources of variation and error. Detection probability for talus surveys was relatively high but varied based on search effort and site characteristics. Both abundance and detection probability varied more among plots within sites than among sites or years. In trials with radio-tagged bats to study the causes of false negatives, 18% of bats roosted where surveyors could not see them, and 18% of bats were visible but overlooked due to human error. Less experienced surveyors counted slightly fewer bats than the principal investigator, we suspect because the principal investigator simply found the bats first. There also was a slight learning curve among less experienced observers. Visual surveys have strong potential to aid in the study of bats that roost on talus slopes. Talus surveys, unlike longer-established methods to monitor bat populations, provide ways to assess error. We recommend using talus surveys to monitor other rock-roosting bat species with poorly understood populations, such as many species in western North America.
Phosphoflow Protocol for Signaling Studies in Human and Murine B Cell Subpopulations
Authors: Rip Jasper , de Bruijn Marjolein J. W. , Kaptein Allard , Hendriks Rudi W. , Corneth Odilia B. J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
BCR signaling, involving phosphorylation of various downstream molecules, including kinases, lipases, and linkers, is crucial for B cell selection, survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Phosphoflow cytometry (phosphoflow) is a single-cell–based technique to measure phosphorylated intracellular proteins, providing a more quantitative read-out than Western blotting. Recent advances in phosphoflow basically allow simultaneous analysis of protein phosphorylation in B cell (sub)populations, without prior cell sorting. However, fixation and permeabilization procedures required for phosphoflow often affect cell surface epitopes or mAb conjugates, precluding the evaluation of the phosphorylation status of signaling proteins across different B cell subpopulations present in a single sample. In this study, we report a versatile phosphoflow protocol allowing extensive staining of B cell subpopulations in human peripheral blood or various anatomical compartments in the mouse, starting from freshly isolated or frozen cell suspensions. Both human and mouse B cell subpopulations showed different basal and BCR stimulation-induced phosphorylation levels of downstream signaling proteins. For example, peritoneal B-1 cells and splenic marginal zone B cells exhibited significantly increased basal (ex vivo) signaling and increased responsiveness to in vitro BCR stimulation compared with peritoneal B-2 cells and splenic follicular B cells, respectively. In addition, whereas stimulation with anti-IgM or anti-Igκ L chain Abs resulted in strong pCD79a and pPLCγ2 signals, IgD stimulation only induced CD79a but not pPLCγ2 phosphorylation. In summary, the protocol is user friendly and quantifies BCR-mediated phosphorylation with high sensitivity at the single-cell level, in combination with extensive staining to identify individual B cell development and differentiation stages.
Papillary vs non-papillary access during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Retrospective, match-paired case-control study
Authors: Tahra Ahmet , Sobay Resul , Bindayi Ahmet , Suceken Ferhat Yakup , Kucuk Eyup Veli 
Published: April 2020

Objective: The most crucial steps of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) are the percutaneous access and dilation of the access route. Recent literature suggests that papillary access to renal calyx is the accepted method. Despite this rule, we do not always make papillary puncture and we puncture wherever we can to achieve stone-free status and reduce unnecessary access. In this study, we present our results with papillary vs non-papillary access in patients with a kidney stone. Material and methods: Two hundred and seven patients with non-papillary access and 69 patients with papillary access who had similar demographics (age, body mass index (BMI), stone size) were selected with pair match analysis (3:1). Preoperative and postoperative data were collected from the patient's chart. Operative time (from starting surgery to nephrostomy tube), drop-in hematocrit level, transfusion rate, duration of hospital stay, perioperative and postoperative complications (Clavien-Dindo Classification) and stone-free status (no or < 3 mm residual stone) were also evaluated in both groups. Results: The mean operative time was similar in between two groups. The mean hematocrit decreases not differ between the two groups (p = 0.56). In papillary group, only 2 patients (3.2%) required transfusion and only one patient (1.4%) in the non-papillary group had a transfusion with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.43). The overall complication rates were 7.1% in the papillary group and 7.2% in the non-papillary group (p = 0.89). Postoperative mean creatinine level was similar between the two groups. Conclusions: In this study, we found that non-papillary access is a feasible option for PCNL in the terms of stone-free status and complication rates.
Conditions and Congestion Level amongst Correctional Services in the Niger Delta Region, Nigeria
Authors: Okiwe N. C. , Abu O. P. , Anele K. A. 
Published: April 2020

Aims: To examine the Nigerian Correctional Service Condition and Congestion level in the Selected States in the Niger Delta Region.
Study Design: Cross sectional survey design.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in selected states and location of correctional service in Niger Delta Region which include Rivers, Delta and Akwa Ibom States between December 2017 and September 2018.
Methodology: Simple random sampling technique was adopted in selecting Three Hundred and Eighty-Seven (387) inmates using the Taro Yarmane Formular from the population of Eleven Thousand Six Hundred and Thirty-Five (11,635). Primary and Secondary data were used for this study. Primary data were obtained through the administration of questionnaire. The set of questionnaires was administered to inmates to elicit information on the facilities and comfortability of the prison and the welfare service available. The secondary source of information that were employed included relevant official publications and records from Nigerian Correctional Service, journal articles, periodicals and internet sources. Frequency, percentage, tables were used in presenting information on Demographic Characteristics of respondents. The hypotheses were tested using the Chi Square Statistical tool.
Results: The result of the study showed that the selected prisons are highly congested in capacity as against the actual capacity.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the selected prisons are congested and the inmate’s welfare are inefficient and ineffective.
Quantifying the impact of optical surface guidance in the treatment of cancers of the head and neck
Authors: Wei Wenbo , Ioannides Pericles J. , Sehgal Varun , Daroui Parima 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSurface guided radiation therapy (SGRT) is increasingly being adopted for use in radiation treatment delivery for Head and Neck (H&N) cancer patients. This study investigated the improvement of patient setup accuracy and reduction of setup time for SGRT compared to a conventional setup. A total of 60 H&N cancer patients were retrospectively included. Patients were categorized into three groups: oral cavity, oropharynx and nasopharynx/sinonasal sites with 20 patients in each group. They were further separated into two (2) subgroups, depending on whether they were set up with the aid of SGRT. The Align‐RT™ system was used for SGRT in this work. Positioning was confirmed by daily kV‐kV imaging in conjunction with weekly CBCT scans. Translational and rotational couch shifts along with patient setup times were recorded. Imaging setup time, which was defined as the elapsed time from the acquisition of the first image set to the end of the last image set, was recorded. Average translational shifts were larger in the non‐SGRT group. Vertical shifts showed the most significant reduction in the SGRT group for both oropharynx and oral cavity groups. Pitch corrections were significantly higher in the SGRT group for oropharynx patients and higher pitch corrections were also observed in the SGRT groups of oral cavity and nasopharynx/sinonasal patients. The average setup time when SGRT guidance was employed was shorter for all three treatment sites although this did not reach statistical significance. The largest time reduction between the SGRT and non‐SGRT groups was seen in the nasopharynx/sinonasal group. This study suggests that the use of SGRT decreases the magnitude of translational couch shifts during patient setup. However, the rotational corrections needed were generally higher with SGRT group. When SGRT was employed, a definite reduction in patient setup time was observed for nasopharynx/sinonasal and hypopharynx cancer patients.