bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sponsorship in focus: a typology of sponsorship contexts and research agenda
Authors: Lin Hsin-Chen , Bruning Patrick F. 
Published: August 2020

PurposeSponsorship has become an important marketing activity. However, research on the topic treats the sponsorship context, characterized according to the type of sponsored property and the social role of these properties, as a stable characteristic or as a dichotomous characteristic within empirical studies. Therefore, the authors outline a multi-level typology of the different types of sponsorship contexts to account for traditional types of sponsorship as well as emerging themes such as online sponsorship. The authors then propose an agenda for future research.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conduct a general review of the sponsorship literature to synthesize established sponsorship types with newly emerging themes to develop a multi-level typology of sponsorship contexts and a research agenda.FindingsThe authors’ conceptual analysis revealed a typology of sponsorship contexts that captures both general and specific types of sports sponsorship, prosocial cause sponsorship, culture and community sponsorship, and media and programming content sponsorship.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors’ typology provides an organizing framework for future research focussing on different sponsorship contexts. However, the emergent categories still require further empirical testing. Therefore, the authors develop a set of questions to guide future research on the topic.Practical implicationsThe authors’ typology outlines the different sponsorship contexts that should be considered by organizations that engage in sponsorship-linked marketing.Originality/valueThis paper provides a multi-level categorization of sponsorship contexts that integrates both traditional categories and newly emerging categories to better inform future research on situational differences in sponsorship.
Property investment decision-making behaviour amidst market disruptions: an institutional perspective
Authors: Bolomope Muhammed , Amidu Abdul-Rasheed , Filippova Olga , Levy Deborah 
Published: August 2020

PurposeDecision-making behaviour of property investors has been the focus of real estate research for decades. Yet, there is no consensus on a generally accepted behavioural model that suits all market conditions and investment peculiarities. While scholars have emphasized the significance of rational reasoning and cognitive influences on property investment decision-making preferences, gaps remain regarding the impacts of market disruptions on property investment decision-making behaviour. This paper, therefore, explores the institutional framework as a theoretical basis for understanding property investment decision-making behaviour amidst market disruptions.Design/methodology/approachThis paper reports a systematic review of pertinent theories that have explored decision-making behaviour. Commencing with an index search of high impact peer-reviewed journals, a snowball identification of relevant citations was also deployed to assemble theories from the field of psychology, sociology, economics and urban studies. Although a preliminary dataset of 82 papers with relevant decision-making theories was identified, the final dataset comprised 27 papers and 7 theories. The identified theories were reviewed accordingly.FindingsThe outcome of this study suggests that the institutional framework offers a robust approach to property investment decision-making amidst market disruptions, especially because it recognizes the dynamism in the investment environment and the roles of formal and informal rules that exist therein.Originality/valueThis study advances the current understanding of property investment decision-making behaviour by recognising the dynamism of the investment environment and how factors such as principles, laws, tradition and routines can lead to an established and legitimate standard of reasoning. By integrating both rational and cognitive attributes, the study provides a holistic perspective to property investors' decision-making behaviour in response to market disruptions.
Landscape context and plant population size affect morph frequencies in heterostylous Primula veris—Results of a nationwide citizen‐science campaign
Authors: Aavik Tsipe , Carmona Carlos P. , Träger Sabrina , Kaldra Marianne , Reinula Iris , Conti Elena , Keller Barbara , Helm Aveliina , Hiiesalu Inga , Hool Kertu , Kaisel Mari , Oja Tatjana , Lotman Silvia , Pärtel Meelis 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Heterostyly is a genetically determined floral polymorphism of style length promoting outcrossing between individuals of different morphs, which usually coexist within populations at equal frequencies. Loss in the area and connectivity of suitable habitats may cause deviations from the expected equal morph frequencies. However, there is a need to evaluate the generality of this pattern at larger spatial extents and to identify possible underlying mechanisms.

A citizen‐science approach was used to study morph frequencies in populations of the heterostylous grassland plant Primula veris across Estonia. We developed an online platform to facilitate an easy upload of the data. We examined the effect of the following variables in the surroundings of the study populations reflecting the landscape context on the deviation of morph ratios: (a) semi‐natural grasslands, (b) forests and shrubs, (c) human population density and (d) a proxy for plant population size.

The citizen‐science approach provided unprecedented density of data from 1,700 localities. Nearly half of these observations, which were maintained for further analysis after data filtering, included over 62,000 short‐styled morphs and about 54,000 long‐styled morphs. Small populations were characterized by higher overall deviation of morph ratios from isoplethy (equal morph ratio). Deviation increased in semi‐natural grasslands located in regions with high human population density.

The significant effect of human population density and plant population size on deviations of morph frequencies suggests the role of stochastic demographic effects of habitat fragmentation on morph ratios. Overall lower proportion of long‐styled morphs indicates that partial intra‐morph compatibility shown in long‐styled morphs may lead to higher inbreeding and related decline in fitness and abundance.

Synthesis. Citizen‐science data about the morph type of Primula veris across Estonia obtained with the help of thousands of people demonstrates that in addition to plant population size, landscape context may affect plant reproductive traits, such as heterostyly. Larger population size of P. veris can help to buffer against random fluctuations in this trait. Increasing impact of human activities may have a negative impact on both small and large populations. The exact underlying mechanisms of the prevalence of one morph over the other, however, pose novel questions for further research.
Potential effect of new (E)‐4‐hydroxy ‐N’‐(1‐(7‐hydroxy‐2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐3‐yl) ethylidene) benzohydrazide against acute myocardial infarction: Haemodynamic, biochemical and histological studies
Authors: Mnafgui Kais , Khdhiri Emna , Hajji Raouf , Feriani Anouar , Ivan da Silva Francisco , Laíres da Silva Santos Antônia , Tlili Abir , Mlayeh Souhail , Bouzidi Moncef , Ammar Houcine , Abid Souhir 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the cardioprotective effect of new synthesized coumarin (E)‐4‐hydroxy‐N’‐(1‐(7‐hydroxy‐2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐3‐yl) ethylidene) benzohydrazide denoted (Hyd.Cou) against myocardial infarction disorders. Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups; Control, isoproterenol (ISO), ISO + Acenocoumarol (Ac) and ISO + Hyd.Cou. Results showed that the ISO group exhibited serious alteration in EGC pattern, significant heart hypertrophy (+33%), haemodynamic disturbance and increase in plasma rate of CK‐MB, LDH and troponin‐T by 44, 53, and 170%, respectively, as compared to Control. Moreover, isoproterenol induced a rise in plasma angiotensin‐converting enzyme activity (ACE) by 49%, dyslipidaemia, and increased thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS) by 117% associated with decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) by 46% and 58%, respectively in myocardium. Interestingly, the molecular docking calculation demonstrated strong interactions of Hyd.Cou with the receptors of the protein disulphide isomerase (PDI) which could highlight the antithrombotic effect. Moreover, Hyd.Cou improved plasma cardiac dysfunction biomarkers, mitigated the ventricle remodelling process and alleviated heart oxidative stress damage. Overall, Hyd.Cou prevented the heart from the remodelling process through inhibition of ACE activity and oxidative stress improvement.
The concordance rate of non‐chromosomal congenital malformations in twins based on zygosity: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jung YM , Lee SM , Oh S , Lyoo SH , Park C‐W , Lee SD , Park JS , Jun JK 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveTo examine the concordance rate of non‐chromosomal congenital malformations in twin pairs based on zygosity.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingA tertiary hospital in Korea.PopulationTwin pairs born at Seoul National University Hospital between 2001 and 2019.MethodsCongenital malformations were diagnosed by postnatal workups of neonates or autopsy in cases of stillborn infants. Zygosity was confirmed by sex, chorionicity and DNA analysis.Main outcome measuresConcordance rate of congenital malformations in twin pairs based on zygosity.ResultsIn total, 3386 twin pairs were included. The risk of a congenital malformation in the index twin increased significantly if the co‐twin had the congenital malformation, and the concordance rate was higher in monozygotic (MZ) than in dizygotic (DZ) twins (37.04 versus 16.77, P < 0.001). An increased risk of a congenital malformation in the presence of the same congenital malformation in the co‐twin was observed only for malformations of the nervous system, eye/ear/face/neck, circulatory system, cleft lip/palate, genital organs, urinary system and musculoskeletal system. Significantly higher concordance rates in MZ than in DZ twin pairs were observed only for the nervous system (40.00 versus 0.00, P < 0.001), circulatory system (32.97 versus 19.74, P = 0.021), cleft lip/palate (44.44 versus 0.00, P = 0.017) and urinary system (22.22 versus 0.00, P = 0.004), whereas significant differences were not found for the genital organs or musculoskeletal system.ConclusionsMonozygotic twins had higher concordance rates than DZ twins only in specific organ systems. It may be speculated that nervous system, circulatory system, cleft lip/palate and urinary system are primarily genetically affected.Tweetable abstractMonozygotic twins had higher concordance rates than dizygotic twins only in specific organ systems.
Almost politically acceptable criminal justice risk assessment
Authors: Berk Richard , Elzarka Ayya A. 
Published: August 2020

Research SummaryIn criminal justice risk forecasting, one can prove that it is impossible to optimize accuracy and fairness at the same time. One can also prove that usually it is impossible optimize simultaneously all of the usual group definitions of fairness. In policy settings, one necessarily is left with tradeoffs about which many stakeholders will adamantly disagree. The result is a contentious stalemate. In this article, we offer a different approach. We do not seek perfectly accurate and perfectly fair risk assessments. We seek politically acceptable risk assessments. We describe and apply a machine learning approach that addresses many of the most visible claims of “racial bias” to arraignment data on 300,000 offenders. Regardless of whether such claims are true, we adjust our procedures to compensate. We train the algorithm on White offenders only and compute risk with test data separately for White offenders and Black offenders. Thus, the fitted, algorithm structure is the same for both groups; the algorithm treats all offenders as if they are White. But because White and Black offenders can bring different predictors distributions to the White‐trained algorithm, we provide additional adjustments as needed.Policy ImplicationsInsofar as conventional machine learning procedures do not produce the accuracy and fairness that some stakeholders require, it is possible to alter conventional practice to respond explicitly to many salient stakeholder claims even if they are unsupported by the facts. The results can be a politically acceptable risk assessment tools.
Higher ratio of extracellular water to total body water was associated with reduced cognitive function in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Low Serena , Ng Tze Pin , Lim Chin Leong , Ang Su Fen , Moh Angela , Wang Jiexun , Yap Philip , Cheong Chin Yee , Goh Kiat Sern , Ang Keven , Tang Wern Ee , Lim Ziliang , Subramaniam Tavintharan , Sum Chee Fang , Lim Su Chi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundFluid imbalance is associated with various clinical conditions, but the association between elevated extracellular‐water to total‐body‐water (ECW/TBW) ratio, an indicator of fluid balance, and cognitive impairment is unknown. We aimed to investigate relationship between ECW/TBW ratio and cognitive function in type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsThis study was a cross‐sectional design, comparing 1233 patients aged 61.4 ± 8.0 years from the Singapore Study of Macro‐angiopathy and Micro‐vascular Reactivity in Type 2 Diabetes (SMART2D) cohort. ECW/TBW was measured using bioelectrical impedance method. Cognitive function was assessed with Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). Multiple linear regression was used to examine association between ECW/TBW and RBANS scores, adjusting for demographics, education, clinical covariates, and apolipoprotein E allele.ResultsIn unadjusted analyses, there was an inverse dose‐dependent association between ECW/TBW and RBANS total score. The associations persisted in fully adjusted model with β = −1.18 (95% confidence interval [CI] −2.19 to −0.17; P = 0.022) for slight edema and −2.33 (−3.99 to −0.67; P = 0.006) for edema. Slight edema and edema were significantly associated with reduced cognitive function in delayed memory and attention. There was significant association between edema but not slight edema, with reduced cognitive function in language. Pulse pressure accounted for 16.8% of association between ECW/TBW and RBANS total score.ConclusionsOur novel finding of an independent association between higher ECW/TBW and poorer cognitive function highlights the potential importance of maintaining body fluid balance in the management of cognitive impairment.
An applied ecology of fear framework: linking theory to conservation practice
Authors: Gaynor Kaitlyn M. , Cherry Michael J. , Gilbert Sophie L. , Kohl Michel T. , Larson Courtney L. , Newsome Thomas M. , Prugh Laura R. , Suraci Justin P. , Young Julie K. , Smith Justine A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractResearch on the ecology of fear has highlighted the importance of perceived risk from predators and humans in shaping animal behavior and physiology, with potential demographic and ecosystem‐wide consequences. Despite recent conceptual advances and potential management implications of the ecology of fear, theory and conservation practices have rarely been linked. Many challenges in animal conservation may be alleviated by actively harnessing or compensating for risk perception and risk avoidance behavior in wild animal populations. Integration of the ecology of fear into conservation and management practice can contribute to the recovery of threatened populations, human–wildlife conflict mitigation, invasive species management, maintenance of sustainable harvest and species reintroduction plans. Here, we present an applied framework that links conservation interventions to desired outcomes by manipulating ecology of fear dynamics. We discuss how to reduce or amplify fear in wild animals by manipulating habitat structure, sensory stimuli, animal experience (previous exposure to risk) and food safety trade‐offs to achieve management objectives. Changing the optimal decision‐making of individuals in managed populations can then further conservation goals by shaping the spatiotemporal distribution of animals, changing predation rates and altering risk effects that scale up to demographic consequences. We also outline future directions for applied research on fear ecology that will better inform conservation practices. Our framework can help scientists and practitioners anticipate and mitigate unintended consequences of management decisions, and highlight new levers for multi‐species conservation strategies that promote human–wildlife coexistence.
Long‐term persistence of immune response to the AS04‐adjuvanted HPV‐16/18 vaccine in Chinese girls aged 9‐17 years: Results from an 8‐9‐year follow‐up phase III open‐label study
Authors: Hu Yuemei , Zhang Xiang , He Yilin , Ma Zhilong , Xie Yan , Lu Xiangbin , Xu Yabin , Zhang Yanqiu , Jiang Yunyu , Xiao Hui , Struyf Frank , Folschweiller Nicolas , Jiang Johny , Poncelet Sylviane , Karkada Naveen , Jastorff Archana , Borys Dorota 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimIn 9‐17‐year‐old Chinese girls, the AS04‐adjuvanted HPV‐16/18 vaccine (AS04‐HPV‐16/18) given as three‐dose schedule induced high antibody levels, which were noninferior 1 month after the third dose to those observed in 18‐25‐year‐old Chinese women in a large efficacy study. We assessed the persistence of antibodies 8‐9 years after vaccination in the same subjects.MethodsThis follow‐up phase III, open‐label study (NCT03355820) included subjects who had received three doses of AS04‐HPV‐16/18 in the initial trial (NCT00996125). Serum antibody concentrations were assessed by ELISA and compared to antibody persistence observed in 18‐25‐year‐old Chinese women 6 years after first vaccination in the efficacy study (NCT00779766).ResultsOut of the 227 enrolled subjects, 223 were included in the per‐protocol immunogenicity analysis. Mean interval from first AS04‐HPV‐16/18 dose to blood sampling was 101.4 months (8.5 years). For antibodies against HPV‐16 and ‐18, 8.5 years after first vaccine dose all subjects remained seropositive and antibody. Geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) were 1236.3 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1121.8; 1362.4) and 535.6 (95% CI: 478.6; 599.4) ELISA Units/mL, respectively. These seropositivity rates and antibody GMCs were higher than those observed 6 years after first vaccination of 18‐25‐year‐old women.ConclusionSustained anti‐HPV‐16 and ‐18 immune responses were observed 8‐9 years after AS04‐HPV‐16/18 vaccination of 9‐17 year‐old Chinese girls that were higher than the ones observed 6 years after first vaccination in Chinese adult women in whom AS04‐HPV‐16/18 efficacy against cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade ≥2 was demonstrated.
Outcome of angioembolization for blunt renal trauma in haemodynamically unstable patients: 10‐year analysis of Queensland public hospitals
Authors: Desai Devang , Ong Michelle , Lah Kevin , Clouston John , Pearch Ben , Gianduzzo Troy 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to evaluate whether angioembolization is an appropriate alternative method for the management of blunt renal trauma in haemodynamically unstable patients.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted from 2002 to 2012 at three tertiary trauma hospitals in the state of Queensland. Patients who had blunt renal trauma and underwent renal angioembolization or had a trauma nephrectomy were identified using patient records and operating theatre and interventional radiology databases. The inclusion criteria were – haemodynamically unstable patients with blunt renal trauma treated with angioembolization, above the age of 16 years. Patients who underwent angioembolization for other causes such as: penetrating renal trauma, post‐procedure, renal tumours, renal angiomyolipomas or arteriovenous malformations were excluded. Patients below the age of 16 were also excluded. Post‐embolization renal function, blood pressure, morbidity and mortality were analysed using the paired t2 test.ResultsA total of 668 renal trauma patients were identified during this period. Sixteen patients underwent angioembolization for blunt renal trauma. Post‐procedure renal function normalized without any hypertension with the median follow up being 4 months. Four patients had post‐embolization complications including a urinoma, two devascularized kidneys and one ureteric stricture requiring nephrectomy. There was no mortality.ConclusionSelective angioembolization, where feasible, is an alternative method in the management of haemodynamically stable patients with blunt renal trauma maximizing nephron sparing and producing acceptable long‐term outcomes with avoidance of the morbidity of trauma nephrectomy. This is the first study that we know of in Australia analysing the outcome of angioembolization for blunt renal trauma.
A protocol for rat kidney normothermic machine perfusion and subsequent transplantation
Authors: Czogalla Jan , Grahammer Florian , Puelles Victor G. , Huber Tobias B. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEnd‐stage renal disease is a major global health burden. The only definitive treatment existing is renal transplantation. Worldwide, the demand for donated kidneys by far exceeds the supply. A novel technique for organ preservation, normothermic machine perfusion (NMP), now promises to increase the potential pool of available organs by extending the spectrum of donors and reducing the incidence of graft failure. First studies in humans and large animals are being performed with promising results, but refinement of the technique, buffer, and machines involved is labor‐intensive and expensive. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a small animal model of NMP and subsequent transplantation.
Golimumab in adolescents with Crohn's disease refractory to previous tumour necrosis factor antibody
Authors: Pichler Judith , Memaran Nima , Huber Wolf Dietrich , Aufricht Christoph , Bidmon‐Fliegenschnee Bettina 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimAnti‐tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α drugs are effective treatments for the management of moderate/severe Crohn's disease (CD), but treatment failure is common. In the treatment of paediatric CD, there are no data about the use of a third introduced subcutaneous TNF antibody golimumab.MethodsWe evaluated the efficacy of golimumab for adolescents with moderate/severe CD. Retrospective analyses were done in all 7 (5 girls) adolescents who received golimumab at a median age of 17 years for a median of 7.2 months. Paediatric Crohn's disease activity index (PCDAI), full blood count, inflammatory markers, use of corticosteroids and adverse events were recorded.ResultsWith golimumab, 5 of the 7 children were PCDAI responders and 2 entered remission (PCDAI <10). Faecal calprotectin was significantly reduced after 4 weeks compared to baseline. Out of five children, steroid withdrawal was possible in one and steroid reduction in two cases. There were no serious side effects.ConclusionIn moderate/severe CD, golimumab induced clinical remission with PCDAI response. Golimumab may be an effective rescue therapy in refractory CD.