bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El Canal du Midi, en busca de un proyecto patrimonial y paisajístico
Authors: Orduña Giró Paula 
Published: August 2020

El Canal du Midi constituye un eje que atraviesa el sur de Francia, uniendo el océano Atlán- tico con el mar Mediterráneo. Desde 1996 está catalogado como patrimonio mundial por la Unesco. El artículo analiza el cambio de función y de usos de un canal donde, además de la función agrícola, a lo largo del siglo XX, se ha pasado del transporte comercial de mercan- cías al uso turístico y deportivo. Nos interesa examinar cómo se gestiona el valor patrimonial de esta obra de ingeniería hidráulica, así como los discursos, proyectos e instrumentos que han propiciado una nueva puesta en valor.
The Canal du Midi is an axis passing through the south of France, connecting the Atlantic Ocean with the
Mediterranean Sea. Since 1996 it has been included in the World Heritage List by UNESCO. This article
analyzes the changing role and uses of an hydraulic engineering project where, as well as its agricultural
function, throughout the twentieth century it has also been used for the commercial transportation of
goods and for tourist and sporting use. We are interested in examining how the heritage value of this
hydraulic engineering work is managed, as well as the discourses, projects and instruments which have
led to these new enhancements.
Las azudas de Larmahue, en Chile: ingeniosa solución artesanal para capturar el escaso recurso hídrico en tierras de secano
Authors: Sahady Villanueva Antonio , Bravo Sánchez José , Quilodrán Rubio Carolina 
Published: August 2020

El agua ayuda a satisfacer las necesidades primarias de la subsistencia y es el soporte de todo tipo de actividades económicas, recreativas y paisajísticas. Desde los más remotos tiempos, el hombre ha intentado domesticar sus caudales y extraerla desde las profundidades de la tierra. Dada su escasez, es importante definir estrategias para el óptimo aprovechamiento del agua destinada al riego, a través de aquellas modalidades que los campesinos locales han conseguido implementar a fuerza de experiencia y sabiduría práctica.Prueba de ello es que los agricultores de Larmahue, en la Región de O’Higgins (Chile), han construido un particular sistema de captación de agua basado en el uso de ruedas de agua (o azudas), capaz de hacer producir las áridas tierras de secano. Reconocidas por su valor patrimonial, estas ruedas dejan su marca en el paisaje y le otorgan una identidad que trasciende las fronteras comunales.
Water helps to satisfy the primary needs of the livelihood and is support for all types of landscaping,
recreational and economic activities. Since the most remote times, man has tried to tame their flow and
remove it from the depths of the Earth. Due to its scarcity, it is important to define strategies for the optimal
use of water for irrigation, through those modalities that local farmers have managed to implement by
dint of experience and practical wisdom. Proof of this is that the farmers of Larmahue in the Region of
O’Higgins (Chile) have built a particular water catchment system based on the use of water wheels (or
azudas), able to produce the arid lands of upland. Recognized for its heritage value, these wheels leave
their mark on the landscape and give it an identity that transcends Community borders.
Fayón: el manifiesto adaptado: la reinterpretación del espacio rural urbano según José Borobio Ojeda
Authors: Darder Solé Marc 
Published: August 2020

La colonización agrícola es una obra colectiva y fuertemente dirigida desde la administración franquista. El espacio en el que los arquitectos al servicio del Instituto Nacional de Colonización (INC) plantean el grueso de su obra resulta constreñido por una serie de prejuicios, apriorismos y condicionantes impuestos. Pautas estéticas, sistematización viaria, principios en la formulación de las ordenaciones, regulación de los programas funcionales de las viviendas, son algunos ejemplos de la asfixia administrativa imperante.
Sin embargo, algunos arquitectos, como José Borobio Ojeda logran elevarse en relación con sus coetáneos y despojarse sutilmente del lastre institucional, para recorrer un camino propio, una búsqueda personal y sostenida a lo largo de toda su obra hacia la modernidad. Un ejemplo del camino particular emprendido por José Borobio Ojeda es el poblado de Fayón, proyectado el año 1965, como consecuencia de la construcción de los pantanos de Mequinenza y Riba-roja en el río Ebro.
Planteado como colofón de su carrera al servicio del INC, pues es el último de sus proyectos urbanos, el poblado de Fayón se aleja de la ortodoxia de la doctrina colonizadora, mucho más relajada en aquellos años. Esta circunstancia,, junto a la sensibilidad y inteligencia de Borobio, permiten un proyecto rotundo en la implantación, diverso en la definición del espacio urbano, y a la vez, sensible con el contexto físico y social.
The colonial urbanization was a collective and strongly directed by Franco’s administration. The space
in which the architects of the National Colonization Institute (INC) raised the bulk of his work as planners
found itself constrained by a number of biases, preconceptions and imposed conditions. Aesthetic
standards, street systematization, principles in the formulation of the building layout, regulation of
functional housing programs are examples of the prevailing administrative suffocation.
However, some architects as José Borobio Ojeda managed to subtly divest the institutional ballast and
to create its own path, a personal quest sustained throughout his work towards modernity. An example
of the particular path taken by José Borobio Ojeda is the new village of Fayón projected in 1965 as a
consequence of the construction of the Riba-roja and Mequinenza dams in the Ebro River.
Posed as the culmination of his career serving the INC, as it is the last of his urban projects, the new
village of Fayón goes away from the orthodoxy of the colonial doctrine, much more relaxed in those years.
These factors, along with sensitivity and intelligence of Borobio, allow proposing a resounding project in
the shape, diverse in the defining of the urban space, yet sensitive to the physical and social context.
Paisagem cultural: trabalho e cotidiano da imigração japonesa no Vale do Ribeira/São Paulo
Authors: Do Nascimento Flávia Brito , Scifoni Simone 
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo apresenta o estudo de bens culturais da imigração japonesa nos
municípios de Registro e Iguape, São Paulo. A partir das premissas da paisagem cultural,
foram estudadas várias marcas da imigração no Vale do Ribeira, que vão desde a arquitetura
das habitações, os chazais, o trabalho com junco, passando pela própria cidade de Registro
e pela Festa do Tooro Nagashi. Estes são importantes testemunhos da ocupação de parcela
do território brasileiro através da implantação de três colônias japonesas no país: Katsura,
Iguape e Sete Barras.
El presente artículo presenta el estudio de los bienes culturales de la emigración japonesa en los
municipios de Registro e Iguape, São Paulo. A partir de las premisas del paisaje cultural, se investigaron
varias huellas de la emigración en la región llamada Vale do Ribeira, que van desde la arquitectura
residencial, hasta las plantaciones de té, las labores del junco, pasando por la propia ciudad de Registro y
por la Fiesta del Tooro Nagashi. Estos son importantes testimonios de la ocupación de parte del territorio
brasileño a través del establecimiento de tres colonias japonesas en el país: Katsura, Iguape y Sete
Barras.
This article presents a study on cultural assets of the Japanese immigration in the towns of Registro
and Iguape, in the state of São Paulo. Based on cultural landscape premises, several aspects of this
immigration in the Ribeira Valley were studied – ranging from the architecture of the dwellings, the
tea plantations, the work with straw, the town of Registro itself, as well as the Tooro Nagashi Festival.
These are important pieces of evidence of the occupation of part of the Brazilian territory through the
implementation of three Japanese colonies in the country: Katsura, Iguape and Sete Barras.
O habitat Caipira e o cultivo do milho no Alto Vale do Paraíba
Authors: Victal Ferreira Jane , Araujo de Souza Adelita 
Published: August 2020

A paisagem natural do Alto Vale do Paraíba é composta de pequenos morros, rios, ribeirões
e fragmentos remanescentes de mata atlântica, que no passado cobriu todo o seu território.
No período do ciclo do ouro, os caminhos induziram a formação de cidades atualmente
preservadas como patrimônio material do Brasil colonial. Com o declínio do ciclo do ouro,
essas cidades passaram a nuclear uma cultura de subsistência que ocorria nos seus
arredores e no interior das matas. Essa cultura, chamada de Caipira, tem suas origens
na miscigenação entre portugueses e índios, que a partir do plantio das roças de milho
desenvolveram seus utensílios, técnicas, tradições, arquitetura, organização espacial e,
sobretudo uma estreita ligação com os elementos naturais do Alto Vale do Paraíba.
El paisaje natural de Alto Valle do Paraíba, en el sureste de Brasil se compone de pequeñas colinas, ríos,
arroyos y algunos fragmentos que quedan de bosque atlántico, que una vez cubrieron todo su territorio.
Durante el período de oro de la minería, las vías indujeron la formación de ciudades actualmente
conservados como patrimonio material del Brasil colonial. Con el declive del oro, estas ciudades se
convirtieron en el núcleo de una cultura de subsistencia que se dio dentro de los bosques. Esta cultura,
llamada Caipira, tiene su origen en el mestizaje portugués e indio y sus características incluyen la siembra
de la milpa, las herramientas, las técnicas, las tradiciones, la arquitectura, la organización espacial y,
sobre todo, un estrecho vínculo con los elementos naturales de Alto Valle do Paraíba.
The natural landscape of the Upper Paraíba Valley in southeastern Brazil is composed of small hills, rivers, streams and a few remaining fragments of Atlantic forest, which once covered all its territory. During the period of gold mining, pathways induced the formation of cities currently preserved as material heritage of the colonial Brazil. With the decline of gold, these cities became the nucleus of a subsistence culture that occurred within the forests. This culture, called Caipira, has its origins in Portuguese and Indian miscegenation and its characteristics include planting the cornfields, tools, techniques, traditions, architecture, spatial organization and above all, a close link with the natural elements of the Upper Paraiba Valley.
Paisagens culturais da mineração
Authors: Carsalade Flavio de Lemos 
Published: August 2020

O trabalho analisa as interfaces existentes entre a atividade de mineração e o conceito de
paisagem cultural, buscando compreender a dinâmica e a importância desse encontro para
a formação e o futuro do Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Examina ainda os impactos da
atividade de mineração nessa paisagem hoje e a busca de alternativas para minimização de
conseqüências negativas, à luz da História recente de Minas Gerais e de outras experiências
internacionais
El articulo analiza las interfaces existentes entre la actividad de minería y el concepto de paisaje cultural,
buscando comprender la dinámica y la importancia de ese encuentro para la formación y futuro del
Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Examina los impactos de la actividad minerária en esa paisaje hoy y la
búsqueda de alternativas para la minimización de impactos negativos, a la luce de la Historia reciente de
Minas Gerais e de otras experiencias internacionales.
The article analyses the current interfaces between the mining activity and the concept of cultural
landscape, in order to understand the dynamics and meaning of this encounter to the formation and future
of the State of Minas Gerais/ Brasil. It exams the current impacts of the mining activity in this landscape
and looks for alternatives to minimize negative consequences, inside the recent history of the State of
Minas Gerais and other international experiences.
Um plano para a paisagem cultural do Serro, Brasil: novas possibilidades para o patrimônio
Authors: Castriota Leonardo Barci 
Published: August 2020

Dentro da perspectiva aberta pela expansão do conceito de patrimônio, algumas novas
ideias desempenharam um papel inovador. Uma delas é a “paisagem cultural”, combinando
aspectos tangíveis e intangíveis do conceito, muitas vezes considerados separadamente,
indicando interações significativas entre o homem e o meio ambiente. Este conceito
parece oferecer uma perspectiva rica quando se aplica às ideias tradicionais no campo
da preservação. A partir deste entendimento ampliado, parece possível propor estratégias
integradas de intervenção nos centros históricos, que podem oferecer respostas mais
completas ao complexo desafio de preservação urbana. Como estudo de caso, este
trabalho apresenta um plano produzido para a cidade de Serro (MG, Brasil), um projeto de
recuperação de práticas agrícolas tradicionais que servem como ferramenta para tratar e
preservar de maneira sustentável a paisagem cultural de um núcleo urbano protegido.
Dentro de la perspectiva abierta por la expansión del concepto de patrimonio, algunas nuevas ideas
han jugado un papel innovador. Una de ellas será el “paisaje cultural” que combina aspectos tangibles e
intangibles del concepto, a menudo considerado por separado, indicando las interacciones significativas
entre el hombre y el medio ambiente. Este concepto parece ofrecer una perspectiva rica cuando se aplica
también a las ideas tradicionales del campo de la conservación. A partir de este entendimiento ampliado,
parece posible proponer estrategias integradas de intervención sobre los centros históricos que pueden
ser respuestas más completas al complejo reto de la conservación urbana. Como estudio de caso, este
artículo presenta un plan producido para la ciudad de Serro (MG, Brasil), un proyecto de rescate de las
prácticas agrícolas tradicionales que servirá de insumo para tratar y preservar de manera sostenible el
paisaje cultural de un núcleo urbano protegido.
Within the perspective opened by the expansion of the concept of heritage, some new ideas have played
an innovative role. One will be the “cultural landscape” that combines inextricably tangible and intangible
aspects of the concept, often considered separately, indicating significant interactions between man and
the environment. This concept seems to offer a rich perspective when applied to traditional ideas of
the field of conservation. From this expanded understanding, it seems possible to propose integrated
strategies of intervention in historical centers that can be more comprehensive responses to the complex
challenge of urban conservation. As a case study, this paper presents a plan produced for the city of
Serro (MG, Brazil) that tries to sustainably preserve the cultural landscape of a protected village in the
hinterlands of Brazil, by rescuing its traditional agricultural practices.
O TRABALHO COM O ORAL PÚBLICO NO ENSINO MÉDIO: A APRESENTAÇÃO ORAL EM FOCO
Authors: Frank Kersch Dorotea , GONÇALVES DE OLIVEIRA RAQUEL 
Published: August 2020

O ensino da oralidade vem ganhando espaço nos livros didáticos, na pesquisa e nas escolas, provavelmente impulsionado pelos documentos oficiais que orientam as práticas de linguagem na escola, inicialmente os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais e, mais recentemente, a Base Nacional Comum Curricular. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir como o trabalho com o gênero apresentação oral, desenvolvido na perspectiva de projeto, pode levar ao desenvolvimento do uso monitorado da modalidade oral da língua e promover a ampliação dos multiletramentos. No momento de seu ensino, os gêneros não podem ser vistos isoladamente, mas na sua interconexão com outros, em forma de rede.
A new balaenopterid species from the Southern North Sea Basin informs about phylogeny and taxonomy of Burtinopsis and Protororqualus (Cetacea, Mysticeti, Balaenopteridae)
Authors: Bisconti Michelangelo , Bosselaers Mark E.J. 
Published: August 2020

Background
An extensive radiation can be inferred among balaenopterid mysticetes in the last 10 million years based on a rich fossil record. Many extinct genera and species have been established in the past by the study of fossil rorquals from northern and southern hemispheres. In many cases, the new fossils are used to create new genera. However, in very recent times, new species of known genera have been described that help our understanding of the speciation processes and the biogeography of these whales. Here, a new species of balaenopterid whales is described in order to better understand the past diversity of Balaenopteridae and to analyze its paleobiogeographical implications. As the new species closely resembles a taxon established in the 19th century (i.e., Burtinopsis), a detailed analysis of this taxon was necessary to support the new taxonomic statements of this article.

Methods
A new partial skeleton including skull and earbones is described and compared to an extended sample of living and fossil mysticete species. A phylogenetic analysis including 355 character states scored in 88 taxa was performed to understand its relationships within the genus Protororqualus, to allow paleobiogeographic inferences and to better understand the relationships of Protororqualus within Balaenopteridae. Maximum parsimony analyses of character evolution were performed to understand morphological transformations within Balaenopteridae. The revision of Burtinopsis was carried out based on detailed descriptions and comparisons of the type materials that were figured and measured.

Results
Protororqualus wilfriedneesi sp. nov. was established based on a comparative analysis of the skull and earbone morphology. The specimen is dated back to the Zanclean (Lower Pliocene, between c. 5.3 and 3.6 Ma). A taphonomical study of the holotype skeleton revealed evidence of interactions with sharks and fishes before the definitive burial of the carcass. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, the monophyly of the genus Protororqualus was confirmed. Protororqualus wilfriedneesi sp. nov. was more derived than Protororqualus cuvieri suggesting that it resulted from an invasion of the North Sea Basin (and the North Atlantic ocean) from the Mediterranean basin. Several specimens from western and eastern sides of the Atlantic Ocean are described that suggest that Protororqualus wilfriedneesi had a trans-Atlantic distribution in the Pliocene.
Evaluation of epidemiological lectures using peer instruction: focusing on the importance of ConcepTests
Authors: Mitsuhashi Toshiharu 
Published: August 2020

Background
In clinical research, the ability to properly analyze data is a necessary skill that cannot be learned simply by listening to lectures. Interactive classes, such as Peer Instruction (PI), are required to help medical students understand the concept of epidemiology for future valid research. In PI lectures, ConcepTests are conducted to confirm and deepen students’ understanding of the lecture material. Although it is important to evaluate PI lectures, there have been no studies conducted on PI lectures in epidemiology. This study employed the ConcepTest to evaluate PI lectures in a medical school epidemiology class to measure the efficiency of active learning techniques and the usefulness of ConcepTests in determining effective active learning approaches.

Methods
The PI lecture was conducted as part of an existing epidemiology class for fourth-year medical students at Okayama University on October 17, 2019. The lecture was conducted as follows. The lecturer taught the fundamental concepts of epidemiology and presented the ConcepTest to students. After answering the test, students were provided with the answer distribution, followed by peer discussion. After the discussion, students answered the ConcepTest again, and a new answer distribution was presented. Subsequently, the lecturer announced the correct answers and delivered a commentary. The ConcepTest comprised five questions, each related to fundamental concepts of epidemiology. Students’ responses to five ConcepTests were collected and analyzed by calculating the proportion of correct answers before and after the discussion, as well as PI efficiency to evaluate the PI lecture.

Results
Overall,121 students attended the epidemiology lecture. The proportion of correct answers before the discussion ranged from 0.217 to 0.458, and after the peer discussion they ranged from 0.178 to 0.767. The PI efficiency ranged from −0.051 to 0.657, and was higher than the theoretical value in three ConcepTests. The efficiency was about the same as the theoretical value in one ConcepTest, and lower than the theoretical value in another.

Conclusion
In this study, the efficiency of a PI lecture was determined by calculating the PI efficiency of each ConcepTest. The results showed that the educational efficiency of a ConcepTest in epidemiology lectures can be widely distributed, ranging from efficient to inefficient. Particularly in three ConcepTests, the proportion of correct answers after the discussion and the PI efficiency were higher than the theoretical value. This suggests that PI lectures can be useful in epidemiology education with the efficient use of ConcepTests.
Soil Carbon Stock and Pools in Acid Sulphate Soils of Kerala
Authors: Gladis R. , Dhanya K. R. , Joseph Biju , Aparna B. , Rehana M. R. 
Published: August 2020

A study was conducted to assess the soil carbon storage as different soil carbon pools in acid sulphate soils of Kuttanad, Kerala under different land uses and mapping of carbon stock using GIS. Surface soil samples (0-15 cm) were collected from three agricultural land use systems namely rice, coconut and rice-fish from six acid sulphate soil series viz. Ambalapuzha, Purakkad, Thakazhi, Thuravur, Thottapalli and Kallara and were analysed for soil carbon pools like organic carbon, labile carbon, water soluble carbon, particulate organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and mineralizable carbon using standard procedures .The carbon stock in soil was also computed and mapped using Arc GIS software. The highest organic carbon content of 9.38% was recorded in Kallara series under rice land use. The water soluble carbon ranged from 44.38 to 208.68 mg kg-1. Labile carbon in soil varied form 4.36 mg g-1 to 13.06 mg g-1. Particulate organic carbon was the highest in rice land use in Kallara series (7.23%). The mineralizable carbon ranged from 2.17 mg kg-1 to 2.91 mg g-1. The microbial biomass carbon varied between 71 mg kg-1 and 488 mg kg-1. The humic acid content varied from 0.20% to 6.09% and the fulvic acid content ranged from 0.09% to 20.10%. The active and passive carbon pools and their contribution to total soil carbon pool was the highest in Kallara series. Among the different land uses, coconut had the highest active pool, while rice land use recorded the highest passive pool of carbon. The soil organic carbon stock (115.96 Mg ha-1) and carbon pool index (2.10) were the highest in Kallara series. The proportion of POC to SOC was the highest in Kallara series (0.62) under rice land use indicating it as a potential carbon sink. The carbon turnover rate was found to be the highest in Thottapalli series (1.15) under coconut land use indicating it as a potential carbon source.