bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydroxytyrosol Acetate Improves the Cognitive Function of APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice in ERβ‐dependent Manner
Authors: Qin Chuan , Hu Shaoqin , Zhang Shuangxi , Zhao Daina , Wang Yongyao , Li Hua , Peng Yunhua , Shi Le , Xu Xiaohong , Wang Changhe , Liu Jiankang , Cheng Ying , Long Jiangang 
Published: December 2020

ScopeAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia in the aging population; however, no effective therapy has been established. It has been previously demonstrated that daily intake of hydroxytyrosol (HT), a polyphenol in olive oil, at a daily dietary level mildly improves cognition in AD mice. In the present study, HT acetate (HT‐ac), which is a natural derivative of HT in olive oil that exhibits better bioactivity than HT improves cognition.Methods and ResultsHT‐ac to APP/PS1 is orally administered to transgenic mice and used Aβ‐treated neuronal cultures to explore the neuroprotective effects of HT‐ac in preventing AD progression. It is found that HT‐ac remarkably improved the escape latency, escape distance, and the number of platform crossings of AD mice in the water maze test by ameliorating neuronal apoptosis and decreasing inflammatory cytokine levels. It is further demonstrated that HT‐ac stimulated the transcription of ERβ and enhanced neuronal viability and electrophysiological activity in primary neurons but that these beneficial effects of HT‐ac are abolished upon ERβ deficiency.ConclusionsThis study suggests that as the bioactive component of olive oil, HT‐ac is a promising neuroprotective nutrient that may be used to alleviate AD‐related cognitive dysfunction.
Reduced plasmablast frequency is associated with seronegative myasthenia gravis
Authors: Guptill Jeffrey T. , Barfield Richard , Chan Cliburn , Russo Melissa A. , Emmett Doug , Raja Shruti , Massey Janice M. , Juel Vern C. , Hobson‐Webb Lisa D. , Gable Karissa L. , Gonzalez Natalia , Hammett Alex , Howard James F. , Chopra Manisha , Kaminski Henry J. , Siddiqi Zaeem A. , Migdal Mattingly , Yi John S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe immunopathology of autoimmune seronegative myasthenia gravis (SN MG) is poorly understood. Our objective was to determine immune profiles associated with a diagnosis of SN MG.MethodsWe performed high‐dimensional flow cytometry on blood samples from SN MG patients (N = 68), healthy controls (N = 46), and acetylcholine receptor antibody (AChR+) MG patients (N = 27). We compared 12 immune cell subsets in SN MG to controls using logistic modeling via a discovery‐replication design. An exploratory analysis fit a multinomial model comparing AChR+ MG and controls to SN MG.ResultsAn increase in CD19+CD20−CD38hiplasmablast frequencies was associated with lower odds of being a SN MG case in both the discovery and replication analyses (discoveryP‐value = .0003, replicationP‐value = .0021). Interleukin (IL) ‐21 producing helper T cell frequencies were associated with a diagnosis of AChR+ MG (P= .004).ConclusionsReduced plasmablast frequencies are strongly associated with a SN MG diagnosis and may be a useful diagnostic biomarker in the future.
Measured vs Predicted Energy Expenditure in Mechanically Ventilated Adults With Acute, Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries
Authors: Pelekhaty Stacy L. , Ramirez Christine L. , Massetti Jennifer M. , Gaetani Dino , Riggin Karen , Schwartzbauer Gary , Stein Deb M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundResearch regarding the impact of acute spinal cord injury (aSCI) on energy expenditure is limited. Patients with aSCI are prone to complications of both over‐ and under‐feeding, making appropriate nutrition support pivotal to patient care. The purpose of this study was to describe energy expenditure and assess the performance of predictive equations in mechanically ventilated adults with aSCI.MethodsAdult patients admitted to a single trauma center from March 2017 through June 2018 with aSCI and a documented indirect calorimetry (IC) within 6 weeks of injury were included for analysis. Predictive equations evaluated included Penn State 2003b (PS 2003b), the derived Weir equation, 25 kcal/kg and 30 kcal/kg. Sub‐set analysis was performed for patients with and without obesity, isolated aSCI, and concomitant traumatic injuries.ResultsOn hundres fifteen IC studies in 51 patients were included for analysis. Median energy expenditure was 1747 kcal/day (interquartile range [IQR], 1492–2099 kcal/day), or 22.7 kcal/kg (IQR, 19.3–25.9 kcal/kg). When stratified by hospital day, energy expenditure ranged from 20 to 25 kcal/kg. PS 2003b and the derived Weir equation had similar correlation coefficients (r = 0.81 and 0.82, respectively). The 25 and 30 kcal/kg performed unacceptably (r = 0.61). PS 2003b predicted within 10% of measured energy expenditure most frequently. All equations were biased towards overfeeding, except for PS 2003b in the obese subset.ConclusionIn the absence of IC, PS 2003b or the derived Weir equation may be acceptable predictive equations in this population. However, bedside clinicians should monitor carefully for signs and symptoms of overfeeding.
Mesh sampling and weighting for the hyperreduction of nonlinear Petrov–Galerkin reduced‐order models with local reduced‐order bases
Authors: Grimberg Sebastian , Farhat Charbel , Tezaur Radek , Bou‐Mosleh Charbel 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe energy‐conserving sampling and weighting (ECSW) method is a hyper‐reduction method originally developed for accelerating the performance of Galerkin projection‐based reduced‐order models (PROMs) associated with large‐scale finite element models, when the underlying projected operators need to be frequently recomputed as in parametric and/or nonlinear problems. In this paper, this hyper‐reduction method is extended to Petrov–Galerkin PROMs where the underlying high‐dimensional models can be associated with arbitrary finite element, finite volume, and finite difference semi‐discretization methods. Its scope is also extended to cover local PROMs based on piecewise‐affine approximation subspaces, such as those designed for mitigating the Kolmogorov n‐width barrier issue associated with convection‐dominated flow problems. The resulting ECSW method is shown in this paper to be robust and accurate. In particular, its offline phase is shown to be fast and parallelizable, and the potential of its online phase for large‐scale applications of industrial relevance is demonstrated for turbulent flow problems with O(107) and O(108) degrees of freedom. For such problems, the online part of the ECSW method proposed in this paper for Petrov–Galerkin PROMs is shown to enable wall‐clock time and CPU time speedup factors of several orders of magnitude while delivering exceptional accuracy.
Examining the measurement invariance of the Practice Environment Scale–Nursing Work Index in the United States
Authors: Nunez Franchesa E. , Wambach Karen , Cramer Emily 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe increasingly diverse nursing workforce in the United States often creates challenges for researchers in meaningfully interpreting survey data from large samples of nurses with heterogeneous cultural backgrounds. Considering this, the purpose of this study was to determine the measurement invariance of the Practice Environment Scale–Nursing Work Index (PES‐NWI) between registered nurses (RNs) reporting as Asian/Pacific Islander and those reporting as White. Data from the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators®, collected in 2018 from RNs (N = 27,619) providing direct patient care, were used in this study. Multi‐group confirmatory factor analysis was used to determine measurement invariance. Interpretation of the fit indices across models (configural, metric, and scalar) provides support for measurement invariance of the PES‐NWI across the two groups. There is empirical support for pooling PES‐NWI data and comparing it across these two groups.
A new black bean with resistance to bean rust: Registration of ‘ND Twilight’
Authors: Osorno Juan M. , Vander Wal Albert J. , Posch John , Simons Kristin , Grafton Kenneth F. , Pasche Julie S. , Valentini Giseli , Pastor‐Corrales Marcial 
Published: December 2020

Abstract‘ND Twilight’ (Reg. no. CV‐332, PI 693268; PVP‐202000258) is a new black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar developed by the Dry Edible Bean Breeding Program at North Dakota State University and released by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. ND Twilight was developed using a modified pedigree method (F1–F5), followed by pure line selection based on agronomic, disease, and quality traits, along with specific DNA markers. With ∼24% of the total dry bean production in the United States, black bean is the second most important market class after pinto. Accounting for ∼35% of the total production, North Dakota is the largest producer of dry bean in the United States. However, both biotic and abiotic stresses are the main factors responsible for seed yield reductions. Between 2014 and 2019, ND Twilight was tested across more than 21 environments in North Dakota, where seed yield was significantly different from ‘Zorro’ and similar to ‘Eclipse’ and ‘Loreto’. ND Twilight is resistant to the most common race (20‐3) of the bean rust pathogen and Bean common mosaic virus. It also has intermediate resistance to common bacterial blight and to soybean cyst nematode (HG Type 0). ND Twilight has desirable upright architecture (Type IIa). Under North Dakota conditions, ND Twilight shows an average plant height of 49 cm, has a 100‐seed weight of 19.7 g, and matures in ∼99 d. Canning quality was rated as acceptable. Other traits of agronomic and economic importance are within acceptable commercial ranges.
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Global Protein Acetylation in PRRSV‐Infected Pulmonary Alveolar Macrophages
Authors: Fang Jianyu , Qiao Songlin , Wang Keling , Li Rui , Wang Lei , Li Haili , Zhang Gaiping 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPorcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by PRRS virus (PRRSV), is a serious viral disease affecting global swine industry. Due to the lack of effective vaccines, new antiviral strategies to compensate for the inefficacy of available vaccines are urgently required. Lysine acetylation, as an important post‐translational modification during infection, plays a key regulatory role in host antiviral responses. In this study, the global acetylome is profiled using acetylation specific antibody‐based enrichment and tandem mass tag label high‐affinity purification liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry in PRRSV‐infected pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs). As a result, 3731 lysine acetylation sites on 1421 cellular proteins are identified. Bioinformatics analysis of the different acetylated proteins revealed their involvement in various biological processes, including the host immune response and energy metabolism. These findings will contribute to the understanding of PRRSV pathogenesis and identify new cellular targets for anti‐PPRSV therapeutics.
Elucidating mechanisms of quality‐of‐life disparities in Hispanic women with breast cancer: An examination of disease stage, coping, and affect
Authors: Ream Molly E. , Pester Mollie S. , Goodman Zachary T. , Bainter Sierra A. , Antoni Michael H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesCompared to non‐Hispanic white (NHW) women, Hispanic women with breast cancer (BCa) are more likely to be diagnosed at later stages of disease and experience reduced quality of life (QOL) following diagnosis. We hypothesized that the demands of later‐stage disease results in a perceived inability to cope and greater distress for Hispanic women, resulting in decreased QOL.MethodsHispanic (51%) and NHW (49%) women (N = 198) with newly diagnosed stage 0–3 BCa in Miami were enrolled in two trials between 2006 and 2019. In this cross‐sectional analysis, a multiple‐group structural equation modeling approach was applied to baseline measures of coping confidence (Measure of Current Status Scale), negative and positive affect (Affect Balance Scale), QOL (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Breast), and disease stage.ResultsIn our model, later‐stage disease was not associated with worse QOL for Hispanic or NHW women. However, there were differences between Hispanic and NHW women on the path from disease stage to (1) coping confidence, (2) positive affect, and (3) negative affect, such that later disease stage was associated with lower coping confidence (b[SE] = −1.75[0.59], p = 0.002), less positive affect (b[SE] = −0.21[0.10], p = 0.026), and greater negative affect (b[SE] = 0.15[0.08], p = 0.052) among Hispanic, but not NHW, women. In addition, an indirect effect was found from greater stage to poorer QOL via less positive affect among Hispanic women only (b[SE] = −0.49[0.24], p = 0.041).ConclusionsThis data supports our theory that Hispanic women experience worse emotional distress at later‐stage disease than do NHW women, in turn impacting QOL.
Magnetic Nanowires toward Authentication
Authors: Zamani Kouhpanji Mohammad Reza , Stadler Bethanie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMagnetic nanowires (MNWs) have been shown to be promising candidates for nanobarcoding and biolabeling over decades. However, surprisingly, they have never been realized successfully for these applications due to the lack of a reliable encoding strategy that allows reliable decoding of readout signatures. Here, a novel encoding/decoding approach is reported by tailoring the MNWs remanence spectrum that makes decoding the magnetic nanobarcodes feasible even though there is no prior knowledge regarding the readout remanence spectrum. The remanence spectra of several MNWs is tuned by varying their composition, dimensions, and arrangements to generate several distinct nanobarcodes. Furthermore, a simple automated decoding algorithm is illustrated to identify and verify the type and number of MNWs in unknown remanence spectra. The experimental and analytical approaches show that the remanence spectrum is a strong probe for reliable encoding/decoding because it employs three authentication factors that significantly enhance their security performance in nanobarcoding and biolabeling.
A pediatric high‐flow nasal cannula protocol standardizes initial flow and expedites weaning
Authors: Wiser Robert K. , Smith Ashlee C. , Khallouq Bertha B. , Chen Jerome G. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectiveRespiratory illnesses compose the most common diagnoses of patients admitted to pediatric intensive care units. In pediatrics, high‐flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is an intermediate level of respiratory support with variability in practice. We conducted a pre‐post intervention study of patients placed on HFNC therapy before and after the implementation of an HFNC protocol.MethodsThis was a quality improvement/pre‐post intervention study of pediatric patients who received HFNC therapy in our teaching, tertiary care children's hospital between January 2015 and April 2019. Patients were evaluated before and after the implementation of a protocol that promoted initiation of higher flow and rapid weaning. Our primary outcomes were initial flow and rate of weaning pre‐ and post‐protocol; our secondary outcomes were HFNC failure rate (defined as escalation to noninvasive ventilation or mechanical ventilation) and length of hospital stay. Propensity matching was used to account for differences in age and weight pre‐ and post‐protocol.ResultsIn total, 584 patients were included, 292 pre‐protocol, and 292 post‐protocol. The median age was 20 months, and the indication for HFNC therapy was bronchiolitis in 29% of patients. Post‐protocol patients compared to pre‐protocol patients had significantly a higher initial flow (median 14.5 L/min vs. 10 L/min, p < .001) and a higher weaning rate of flow (median 4.1 L/min/h vs. 2.4 L/min/h, p < .001). Post‐protocol patients also had a lower HFNC failure rate (10% vs. 17%, p = .015) and a shorter length of stay (5.97 days vs. 6.80 days, p = .006).ConclusionAmong pediatric patients, the implementation of an HFNC protocol increases initial flow, allows for more rapid weaning, and may decrease the incidence of escalation to noninvasive ventilation or mechanical ventilation.
The human bone marrow harbors a CD45− CD11B+ cell progenitor permitting rapid microglia-like cell derivative approaches
Authors: Bruzelius Andreas , Hidalgo Isabel , Boza-Serrano Antonio , Hjelmér Anna-Giorgia , Tison Amelie , Deierborg Tomas , Bengzon Johan , Ramos-Moreno Tania 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Microglia, the immune sentinel of the central nervous system (CNS), are generated from yolk sac erythromyeloid progenitors that populate the developing CNS. Interestingly, a specific type of bone marrow-derived monocyte is able to express a yolk sac microglial signature and populate CNS in disease. Here we have examined human bone marrow (hBM) in an attempt to identify novel cell sources for generating microglia-like cells to use in cell-based therapies and in vitro modeling. We demonstrate that hBM stroma harbors a progenitor cell that we name stromal microglial progenitor (STR-MP). STR-MP single-cell gene analysis revealed the expression of the consensus genetic microglial signature and microglial-specific genes present in development and CNS pathologies. STR-MPs can be expanded and generate microglia-like cells in vitro, which we name stromal microglia (STR-M). STR-M cells show phagocytic ability, classically activate, and survive and phagocyte in human brain tissue. Thus, our results reveal that hBM harbors a source of microglia-like precursors that can be used in patient-centered fast derivative approaches.
Study on the Thermal Stability of Octogen and other Energetic Materials (RDX, TNT, NQ, PBT, TDI and HTPB)
Authors: Yu Cunjuan , Xu Yabei , Yu Shuo , Qiu Shanshan , Jiao Fengyuan , Xu Sen , Cao Weiguo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Octogen (HMX) and other energetic materials, such as Hexogen (RDX), Trinitrotoluene (TNT), Nitroguanidine (NQ), Polybutylene terephthalate Glycol Ester (PBT), Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), and Hydroxy‐Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB) were subjected to linear heating tests by a Microcalorimeter (C600), to obtain thermal decomposition curves. Based on this data, the thermal stability was studied experimentally and theoretically. The decomposition peak and melting peak of RDX were coupled, and the time to reach the maximum weight loss increased with the increase of heating rates. Within a certain experimental error range, the apparent activation energy calculated by different methods was basically consistent in a larger conversion rate range. The thermal stability of other energetic materials, such as RDX, TNT, NQ, PBT, TDI and HTPB in the mixed system of HMX were explored. The results revealed that HMX had salient thermal stability with RDX, PBT and TDI. However, the thermal stability of HMX mixed with TNT, NQ, HTPB and other substances was poor, which promoted the thermal decomposition of each other, resulting in the decrease of thermal decomposition temperature and further decrease of thermal safety of the mixed system. Therefore, HMX should not be placed in the same place as TNT, NQ and HTPB in the actual application process.
Antimicrobial Hydrogels: Promising Soft Biomaterials
Authors: Kundu Rajen , Payal Priyanka 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHydrogel is a three‐dimensional, hydrophilic network of cross‐linked monomer or polymer units. A modified version of the hydrogel which exhibits antimicrobial properties is known as antimicrobial hydrogel. Antimicrobial properties of the antimicrobial hydrogel are due to the inheritance of antimicrobial monomers/polymers or due to the installation by the incorporation of antimicrobial agents such as a metal nanoparticle, metal oxide, antibiotics, and any other synthetic drug molecule. More attention has been taken towards antimicrobial hydrogel as the pharmaceutical and biomedical field facing the problem of drug resistance. Antimicrobial hydrogel provides a suitable alternative for antibiotic drugs and also successful to replace many antibiotic drugs which cause a serious side effect on the human body. Antimicrobial hydrogel targets the cell membrane of the microorganism and destroys them. Due to this unique type of cell lysis mechanism, microbes are rarely able to develop resistance towards antimicrobial hydrogel. The hydrogel is porous, highly flexible, and holds a particular amount of water. These properties impart a moist and living body tissue‐like environment and hence make it a suitable biomaterial to use in biomedical applications. The present article focused on the recent development of bio‐based antimicrobial hydrogels and their applications in drug delivery, wound healing and dressing, tissue engineering, and agriculture.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Propyl‐Sulfonic Phosphotungstic Dual‐Acid Functionalized Mesoporous Silica in Non‐Hydrochloric Acid Solution: Reusable Catalyst for Efficient Biodiesel Production
Authors: Yu Zhengfei , Zhang Yibo , Duan Jinchen , Chen Xifeng , Piao Mingjun , Hu Jianglei , Shi Fengwei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOrdered mesoporous silica molecular sieve (HPW/OMS‐SO3H), functionalized by phosphotungstic acid (HPW) and propyl sulfonic acid, was successfully synthesized using the green and efficient one‐pot co‐condensation method in a non‐hydrochloric acid solution. The materials, making HPW and propyl sulfonic acid successfully immobilized on the OMS supports, have ordered 2D hexagonal mesoporous structure. The catalyst showed excellent catalytic activity in the esterification of oleic acid with methanol due to the synergistic effect between the HPW and propyl sulfonic acid group. The catalytic performance not reduced significantly after five recycling reflected that the catalyst has excellent stability. The activation energy of esterification was calculated by detailed kinetic studies.
On the Dynamic Mechanical Behavior and Importance of Weak Interactions in PS/PVME Blends
Authors: Huang He , Wang Chang‐Jun , Peng Yong‐Jin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this work, the dynamic mechanical behavior and weak interactions in a miscible blend of polystyrene/poly (vinyl methyl ether) (PS/PVME) with a mass ratio of 3 : 1 (PS/PVME 75/25) were studied using DMA detection and solid‐state NMR methods. The results showed the miscibility of the blend and the evidence of the weak C−H to O hydrogen bonding between the aromatic H in PS and O of the methoxyl group in PVME. The 1H‐13C correlation spectrum indicated the diffusion time between 13C in OCH/OCH3 of PVME and Aromatic 1H of PS was at about millisecond level which confirmed the space affinity between the Aromatic 1H and OCH/OCH3 group in this mixture. Quantum calculations were made with four model systems in solutions by comparing the solvent toluene with CHCl3. In this way it was shown that the binding energy between PVME and CHCl3 was larger than the one between PVME and toluene, explaining why PVME and PS were miscible when using toluene as a solvent but not in CHCl3. The detailed components of the binding energy between PVME and solvent molecules were also analyzed with different methods which showed the similar result. These results reported here allows opportunities for finding new blend dependent on this kind of weak interaction or design of special polymers to enhance such weak interactions.