bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust constrained control of piecewise affine systems through set‐based reachability computations
Authors: Desimini Riccardo , Prandini Maria 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThis article addresses finite‐horizon robust control of a piecewise affine system affected by uncertainty and characterized by different affine dynamics (modes) associated with a polyhedral partition of the state space. The goal is to design a static state‐feedback control law that maintains the state of the system within given—possibly time‐varying—sets, subject to actuation constraints. The proposed approach rests on two phases: a reference mode sequence with a sufficiently large robustness level is determined first, and then a tracking state‐feedback control law defined on the reach sets of the controlled system is designed to counteract uncertainty and maintain the reach sets within the reference sequence. If this is not possible and the reach sets split over different modes, then, further reference mode sequences and tracking controllers are computed. The designed state‐feedback control law is represented through a collection of controllers defined on precomputed reach sets of the closed‐loop control system. Performance of the approach is shown on some numerical examples.
Predictive models of fish microhabitat selection in multiple sites accounting for abundance overdispersion
Authors: Plichard Laura , Forcellini Maxence , Le Coarer Yann , Capra Hervé , Carrel Georges , Ecochard René , Lamouroux Nicolas 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMicrohabitat selection models are frequently used in rivers to evaluate anthropogenic effects on aquatic organisms. Fish models are generally developed from few rivers, with debatable statistical treatments for coping with overdispersed abundance distributions. Analyses of data from multiple rivers are needed to test their transferability and increase their relevance for stakeholders. Using 3,528 microhabitats sampled in nine French rivers during 129 surveys, we developed models for 35 specific size classes of 22 fish species. We used mixed‐effects generalized linear models (accounting for multiple surveys), involving B‐spline transformations (accounting for nonlinear responses) and assuming a negative binomial distribution (accounting for abundance overdispersion). We compared models of increasing complexity: no selection (M1), an “average” selection similar in all surveys (M2), two models with different selection across surveys (M3–M4). Of 132 univariate cases (specific size classes by habitat), 63% indicated selection for depth, 71% for velocity, 45% for substratum size and 13% for substratum heterogeneity. A total of 50 models were retained, involving 26/35 specific size classes. Model fits indicated low explained deviance (R2MF < 0.19) and higher rank correlations (ρ < 0.69) between observed and modelled values. However, Bayesian posterior predictive checks validated these results since excellent fits would generate R2MF lower than 0.59 and ρ lower than 0.78. We found high transferability among rivers and dates, because (a) M2 was the most appropriate in 26/50 cases; (b) the R2MF and ρ values by M2 was, respectively, 72% and 75% of that explained by the complex M4 and (c) independent river cross‐validations showed good transferability. Bivariate models for selected specific size classes improved univariate model fits (ρ from 0.30 to 0.38). Overall, using a nonlinear mixed‐effect approach, our results confirmed the relevance of “average” models based on several rivers for developing helpful e‐flow tools. Finally, our modelling approach opens opportunities for integrating additional effects as the spatial distribution of competitors.
Mercaptoalkanoic Acid‐Induced Band Gap Attenuation of Copper Selenide Quantum Dot
Authors: Pacoste Laura C. , Jijana Abongile N. , Feleni Usisipho , Iwuoha Emmanuel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCopper selenide quantum dot (CuSeQD) materials functionalised with mercaptoalkanoic acids {3‐mercaptopropionic acid (3‐MPA), 6‐mercaptohexanoic acid (6‐MHA) and mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA)} were synthesized by a reproducible aqueous colloidal technique at room temperature. The impact of the capping agents on the size and the crystallinity of the CuSeQD materials, were investigated by small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopic techniques, respectively. SAXS results confirmed that 6‐MHA‐CuSeQD had the smallest average particle core size when dried, whereas MSA‐CuSeQD had the smallest size in aqueous solution, though with a tendency to aggregate. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements indicated strong bonding of the capping agents to CuSe particles, with MSA being the weakest binding agent, as confirmed by comparatively, low Zeta potential(ζ=−31.1 mV) and high polydispersity index (0.469) values. UV‐Vis absorption studies confirmed a large blue shift of the band gap for the QD compared to the bulk material, with characteristic absorption band (λ) and direct band gap (Egd) values being (λ=435 nm, Egd=8.0 eV), (λ=400 nm, Egd=5.6 eV) and (λ=340 nm, Egd=4.0 eV), for 6‐MHA‐CuSeQD, 3‐MPA‐CuSeQD and MSA‐CuSeQD, respectively. As supported by the formal potential values for 6‐MHA‐CuSeQD (E0′≈120 mV), 3‐MPA‐CuSeQD (E0′≈159 mV) and MSA‐CuSeQD (E0′≈183 mV), the smaller the particle size, the lower the potential required for the application of the quantum dots in an electron transfer process.
L–Cysteine/Hydrotalcite Hybrid for Collaborative Removal of Cu(II), Hg(II) and Pb(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions: Different Metal Ions Require Different Mechanisms
Authors: Luo Bingbing , Chen Meng , Chen Feifei , Xue Zhiyong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe L‐cysteine/hydrotalcite hybrid has been synthesized by incorporating L‐cysteine anion into the interlayer of hydrotalcite. The sample is purposed for the removal of Cu2+, Pb2+ and Hg2+ from aqueous solutions. The structure and morphology of L‐cysteine/hydrotalcite are characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM and BET. The effects of various physic‐chemical factors such as pH, adsorbent dosage and contact time are investigated. The maximum adsorption capacities of L‐cysteine/ hydrotalcite for Cu2+, Pb2+ and Hg2+ are 157.99, 81.24 and 215.90 mg/g, respectively, which are obviously higher than those of the pristine hydrotalcite. The adsorption kinetics are fitted by the pseudo‐second order model. The adsorption isotherms are well described by the Langmuir equation. As confirmed by XRD and XPS analysis, a mechanism for adsorbed Cu2+ in the form of coordinated complexes and isomorphous substitution is proposed. In contrast, a precipitation mechanism is suggested for adsorbed Hg2+ and Pb2+. The results demonstrate that L‐cysteine/hydrotalcite is a promising adsorbents for efficient elimination toxic metal ions from wastewater.
Report of the Nomenclature Committee for Fossils: 12
Authors: Herendeen Patrick S. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe following ten generic names are recommended for conservation: Monoletes against Zonalosporites, Punctatisporites Ibrahim against Punctatisporites R. Potonié & Gelletich, Speciososporites against Reticulatosporites, Zonalesporites Ibrahim with that spelling against Zonalessporites R. Potonié & Gelletich and Macrosporites, Polypodiaceoisporites to make it legitimate and, if necessary, against Zonalessporites R. Potonié & Gelletich, Voltziopsis with a conserved type, Laurinoxylon against Ulminium, Apiculatisporis against Apiculatisporites, Caryapollenites with a conserved type, Palmoxylon against Fasciculites and Perfossus. The following three generic names are recommended for rejection: Laurinium, Cottaites, Pollenites. The following one family name is not recommended for conservation: Zosterophyllaceae against Sciadophytaceae. The Committee judged the differential diagnosis for the name Pollenites to be adequate for valid publication.
Global regularity of 2D tropical climate model with zero thermal diffusion
Authors: Ye Zhuan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article studies the global regularity problem of the two‐dimensional zero thermal diffusion tropical climate model with fractional dissipation, given by in the barotropic mode equation and by in the first baroclinic mode of the vector velocity equation. More precisely, we show that the global regularity result holds true as long as with . In addition, with no dissipation from both the temperature and the first baroclinic mode of the vector velocity, we also establish the global regularity result with the dissipation strength at the logarithmically supercritical level. Finally, our arguments can be extended to obtain the corresponding global regularity results of the higher dimensional cases.
Hepatitis B virus X protein promotes liver cell pyroptosis under oxidative stress through NLRP3 inflammasome activation
Authors: Xie Wen-hui , Ding Jian , Xie Xiao-xia , Yang Xiao-huang , Wu Xiao-Fan , Chen Zhi-xin , Guo Qi-lan , Gao Wen-yu , Wang Xiao-zhong , Li Dan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Objective
Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) is a pivotal factor for HBV-induced hepatitis. Herein, we sought to investigate HBx-mediated NLR pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and pyroptosis under oxidative stress.

Methods
The effect of HBx on the NLRP3 inflammasome was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence in hepatic HL7702 cells. Pyroptosis was evaluated by western blotting, lactate dehydrogenase release, propidium iodide staining, and transmission electron microscopy. NLRP3 expression in the inflammasome from liver tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry.

Results
In hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-stimulated HL7702 cells, HBx triggered the release of pro-inflammatory mediators apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1); activated NLRP3; and initiated pro-inflammatory cell death (pyroptosis). HBx localized to the mitochondria, where it induced mitochondrial damage and production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitoROS). Treatment of HL7702 cells with a mitoROS scavenger attenuated HBx-induced NLRP3 activation and pyroptosis. Expression levels of NLRP3, ASC, and IL-1β in liver tissues from patients were positively correlated with HBV DNA concentration.

Conclusions
The NLRP3 inflammasome was activated by elevated mitoROS levels and mediated HBx-induced liver inflammation and hepatocellular pyroptosis under H2O2-stress conditions.
Generalized solutions for a system of partial differential equations arising from urban crime modeling with a logistic source term
Authors: Heihoff Frederic 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe consider the system with$$\rho \in {\mathbb {R}}, \mu> 0, \chi > 0$$ρ∈R,μ>0,χ>0in a bounded domain$$\Omega \subseteq {\mathbb {R}}^2$$Ω⊆R2with smooth boundary. While very similar to chemotaxis models from biology, this system is in fact inspired by recent modeling approaches in criminology to analyze the formation of crime hot spots in cities. The key addition here in comparison with similar models is the logistic source term. The central complication this system then presents us with, apart from us allowing for arbitrary$$\chi > 0$$χ>0, is the nonlinear growth termuvin the second equation as it makes obtaining a priori information forvrather difficult. Fortunately, it is somewhat tempered by its negative counterpart and the logistic source term in the first equation. It is this interplay that still gives us enough access to a priori information to achieve the main result of this paper, namely the construction of certain generalized solutions to ($$\star $$⋆). To illustrate how close the interaction of theuvterm in the second equation and the$$-\mu u^2$$-μu2term in the first equation is to granting us classical global solvability, we further give a short argument showing that strengthening the$$-\mu u^2$$-μu2term to$$-\mu u^{2+\gamma }$$-μu2+γwith$$\gamma > 0$$γ>0in the first equation directly leads to global classical solutions.
Feasibility of a Cellular Telephone Follow‐Up Program After Injury in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Christie S. Ariane , Mbianyor M. Agbor , Dissak‐Delon Fanny N. , Tanjong Mary M. , Chichom‐Mefire Alain , Dicker Rochelle A. , Juillard Catherine 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundInjury disproportionately affects persons in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC). Most LMIC lack capacity for routine follow‐up care, likely resulting in complications and disability. Cellular telephones may provide a new tool to improve health outcomes. The objective of this study was to establish the feasibility of a mobile health follow‐up program after injury in Cameroon.MethodsBetween February and October 2017, all injured patients admitted to a regional hospital in Cameroon were asked for mobile phone numbers as part of an existing trauma registry. Patients were contacted 2 weeks after leaving the hospital discharge to participate in a short triage survey. Data on program feasibility and patient condition were collected.ResultsOf 1180 injured patients who presented for emergency care, 83% provided telephone numbers, 62% were reached, and 48% (565) of all injured patients ultimately participated in telephone follow‐up. Successfully contacted patients were reached after an average of 1.76 call attempts (SD 1.91) and median call time was 4.43 min (IQR 3.67–5.36). Five patients (1%) had died from their injuries at the time of follow‐up. Among surveyed patients, 27% required ongoing assistance to complete activities of daily living. Nearly, half (47%) of patients reported inability to take medicines or care for their injury as instructed at discharge. Adequate pain control was achieved in only 38% of discharged patients.ConclusionPilot data suggest considerable under treatment of injury in Cameroon. Mobile telephone follow‐up demonstrates potential as a feasible tool for screening discharged patients who could benefit from further care.
Influence of the Glissonean Pedicle Transection Approach in Spiegel Lobe‐Preserving Left Hepatectomy on Spiegel Lobe Volume and Remnant Liver Functions
Authors: Kamitani Naoki , Nomi Takeo , Hokuto Daisuke , Yoshikawa Takahiro , Matsuo Yasuko , Sho Masayuki 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe extrahepatic surgical technique in liver resection can be divided into glissonean pedicle transection and glissonean separated transection approaches. In this study, we compared remnant liver function and liver regeneration involving the Spiegel lobe between these two approaches regarding Spiegel lobe‐preserving left hepatectomy.MethodsWe enrolled 31 patients who underwent Spiegel lobe‐preserving left hepatectomy for malignant hepatobiliary diseases between April 2008 and January 2020. The postoperative Spiegel lobe volume was measured using a volume analyzer at 3 and 6 months postoperatively.ResultsOf the 31 patients, 22 and 9 were included in the glissonean separated transection and glissonean pedicle transection groups, respectively. There was no significant between‐group difference in the preoperative Spiegel lobe volume. However, the volumes at 3 and 6 months postoperatively were significantly larger in the glissonean pedicle transection group than in the glissonean transection group (29.92 mL vs. 13.00 mL; P < 0.001 and 28.43 mL vs. 15.01 mL; P < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant between‐group difference in postoperative remnant liver function.ConclusionsThe postoperative Spiegel lobe volume was larger, and liver regeneration was better with the glissonean pedicle transection approach because of transection for Spiegel branch of the portal vein. It is desirable to preserve Spiegel branch in possible cases when surgeons select the glissonean separated transection approach based on the location and size of the tumors.
Food system perspective on fisheries and aquaculture development in Asia
Authors: Tezzo Xavier , Bush Simon R. , Oosterveer Peter , Belton Ben 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper reviews development research and policies on freshwater fish in South and Southeast Asia. We conduct a systematic review of academic literature from three major science-based policy institutions to analyze development research and policies that have accompanied the ongoing transition from freshwater capture fisheries to aquaculture in the region. Using a ‘food fish system’ framework allows for the identification and systematic comparison of assumptions underpinning dominant development policies. We analyze the interrelations between the production, provisioning, and consumption of wild and farmed fish and demonstrate a shift toward food fish systems thinking in the sampled literature. We discuss gaps and weaknesses in the literature, as identified through the application of the food fish systems framework and present an agenda for future research aimed at securing the potential of fish as food.
Smoking-Related DNA Methylation is Differentially Associated with Cadmium Concentration in Blood
Authors: Lee Jae-Eun , Kim Hye-Ryun , Lee Mee-hee , Kim Nam-Hee , Wang Kyoung-Min , Lee Sang-hyeop , Park Ok , Hong Eun-Jung , Youn Jong-Woo , Kim Young-Youl 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTobacco smoking, a risk factor for several human diseases, can lead to alterations in DNA methylation. Smoking is a key source of cadmium exposure; however, there are limited studies examining DNA methylation alterations following smoking-related cadmium exposure. To identify such cadmium exposure-related DNA methylation, we performed genome-wide DNA methylation profiling using DNA samples from 50 smokers and 50 non-smokers. We found that a total of 136 CpG sites (including 70 unique genes) were significantly differentially methylated in smokers as compared to that in non-smokers. The CpG site cg05575921 in the AHRR gene was hypomethylated (Δ ß >  − 0.2) in smokers, which was in accordance with previous studies. The rs951295 (within RNA gene LOC105370802) and cg00587941 sites were under-methylated by > 15% in smokers, whereas cg11314779 (within CELF6) and cg02126896 were over-methylated by ≥ 15%. We analyzed the association between blood cadmium concentration and DNA methylation level for 50 smokers and 50 non-smokers. DNA methylation rates of 307 CpG sites (including 207 unique genes) were significantly correlated to blood cadmium concentration (linear regression P value < 0.001). The four significant loci (cg05575921 and cg23576855 in AHRR, cg03636183 in F2RL3, and cg21566642) were under-methylated by > 10% in smokers compared to that in non-smokers. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that DNA methylation levels of rs951295, cg00587941, cg11314779, and cg02126896 sites may be new putative indicators of smoking status. Furthermore, we showed that these four loci may be differentially methylated by cadmium exposure due to smoking.
On the quasi-isometric and bi-Lipschitz classification of 3D Riemannian Lie groups
Authors: Fässler Katrin , Le Donne Enrico 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis note is concerned with the geometric classification of connected Lie groups of dimension three or less, endowed with left-invariant Riemannian metrics. On the one hand, assembling results from the literature, we give a review of the complete classification of such groups up to quasi-isometries and we compare the quasi-isometric classification with the bi-Lipschitz classification. On the other hand, we study the problem whether two quasi-isometrically equivalent Lie groups may be made isometric if equipped with suitable left-invariant Riemannian metrics. We show that this is the case for three-dimensional simply connected groups, but it is not true in general for multiply connected groups. The counterexample also demonstrates that ‘may be made isometric’ is not a transitive relation.
Co-cultured non-marine ostracods from a temporary wetland harbor host-specific microbiota of different metabolic profiles
Authors: Olszewski Paweł , Bruhn-Olszewska Bożena , Namiotko Lucyna , Sell Jerzy , Namiotko Tadeusz 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRapid development of high-throughput sequencing methods and metagenomics revealed a diverse world of microbiota associated with multicellular organisms. Although recent discoveries indicate that freshwater invertebrates are hosts for specific bacteria, it is still unknown if this specificity is driven by host-derived factors or by the environment, especially in animals with diapause in ephemeral habitats, where parents and offspring are separated in time and space. In this work, using both low-throughput molecular approach and Next-generation sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA gene, we present a taxonomic analysis of bacteria associated with two species of non-marine ostracods Sclerocypris tuberculata and Potamocypris mastigophora raised from diapausing eggs and co-cultured in laboratory conditions. Our analysis showed that despite sharing the same environment, each ostracod host developed distinct bacterial communities. The major difference was caused by the dominance of the family Comamonadaceae (Betaproteobacteria) in P. mastigophora and the Aeromonadaceae (Gammaproteobacteria) in S. tuberculata. Furthermore, prediction of metabolic pathways in metagenomes, revealed that microbiota of P. mastigophora exhibit higher number of sequences associated with the membrane transport and xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism. Our study not only provides an insight into microbiota of non-marine ostracods but also shows that different ostracod species host functionally distinct bacterial communities.
Representations of Infinite Tree Sets
Authors: Gollin J. Pascal , Kneip Jakob 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTree sets are abstract structures that can be used to model various tree-shaped objects in combinatorics. Finite tree sets can be represented by finite graph-theoretical trees. We extend this representation theory to infinite tree sets. First we characterise those tree sets that can be represented by tree sets arising from infinite trees; these are precisely those tree sets without a chain of order type ω + 1. Then we introduce and study a topological generalisation of infinite trees which can have limit edges, and show that every infinite tree set can be represented by the tree set admitted by a suitable such tree-like space.
Internationalists and locals: international research collaboration in a resource-poor system
Authors: Kwiek Marek 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe principal distinction drawn in this study is between research “internationalists” and “locals.” The former are scientists involved in international research collaboration while the latter group are not. These two distinct types of scientist compete for academic prestige, research funding, and international recognition. International research collaboration proves to be a powerful stratifying force. As a clearly defined subgroup, internationalists are a different academic species, accounting for 51.4% of Polish scientists; predominantly male and older, they have longer academic experience and higher academic degrees and occupy higher academic positions. Across all academic clusters, internationalists consistently produce more than 90% of internationally co-authored publications, representing 2320% of locals’ productivity for peer-reviewed articles and 1600% for peer-reviewed article equivalents. Internationalists tend to spend less time than locals on teaching-related activities, more time on research, and more time on administrative duties. Based on a large-scale academic survey (N = 3704), some new predictors of international research collaboration were identified by multivariate analyses. The findings have global policy implications for resource-poor science systems “playing catch-up” in terms of academic careers, productivity patterns, and research internationalization policies.