bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A short-term cognitive behavioural therapy for bulimia nervosa including brief hospitalisation
Authors: Léonard T , Mirabel-Sarron C , Foulon C , Melchior J-C , Rigaud D , Apfelbaum M , Samuel-Lajeunesse B 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThis was a metabolic study of bulimia nervosa required to design short-term cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) beginning with a brief admission to a psychiatric ward. The treatment produced significant improvements in eating behaviour and results are compared with those of previously published studies. The comparisons do not suggest that brief admission at the onset of therapy might enhance its effectiveness. In other respects, increase in normal meal intake was found to correlate significantly with decrease in hinging. This supports the notion that appropriate food intake at meal times should be an important issue in CBT for bulimia nervosa.
Evidence for an increase in functional platelet 5-HT2A receptors in depressed patients using the new ligand [125I]-DOI
Authors: Serres F. , Azorin J.-M. , Valli M. , Jeanningros R. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryAbnormalities in the serotonergic system have been implicated in the pathophysiology of depressive disorders. Human platelets possess serotonin-2A (5-HT2A) receptors, and previous research using LSD or ketanserin as ligands have indicated that their number is increased in depressed patients. Compared to other ligands previously used in platelet studies, DOI is highly selective for the 5-HT2A receptor and binds to its high-affinity state, therefore labeling only the receptors that are biologically coupled to the G-protein. We determined the density (Bmax) and the affinity (Kd) of 5-HT2A receptors labeled by [125I]-DOI in platelets from 21 untreated patients with major depression and 21 healthy volunteers. The density of the 5-HT2A binding sites was found to be increased in platelets from female depressed patients as compared to controls. No changes were observed in the Kd. We did not find any relationship between the binding parameters and either the severity of the depressive episode or the suicidal tendencies of the patients. Our results show that the number of coupled platelet 5-HT2A receptors is increased in depressed patients, indicating that platelet 5-HT2A receptor function is enhanced in depression.
Intratumoral immunosuppression profiles in 11q‐deleted neuroblastomas provide new potential therapeutic targets
Authors: Coronado Esther , Yañez Yania , Vidal Enrique , Rubio Luis , Vera‐Sempere Francisco , Cañada‐Martínez Antonio José , Panadero Joaquín , Cañete Adela , Ladenstein Ruth , Castel Victoria , Font de Mora Jaime 
Published: November 2020

High‐risk neuroblastoma (NB) patients with 11q deletion frequently undergo late but consecutive relapse cycles with fatal outcome. To date, no actionable targets to improve current multimodal treatment have been identified. We analyzed immune microenvironment and genetic profiles of high‐risk NB correlating with 11q immune status. We show in two independent cohorts that 11q‐deleted NB exhibits various immune inhibitory mechanisms, including increased CD4+ resting T cells and M2 macrophages, higher expression of programmed death‐ligand 1, interleukin‐10, transforming growth factor‐beta‐1, and indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase 1 (P < 0.05), and also higher chromosomal breakages (P ≤ 0.02) and hemizygosity of immunosuppressive miRNAs than MYCN‐amplified and other 11q‐nondeleted high‐risk NB. We also analyzed benefits of maintenance treatment in 83 high‐risk stage M NB patients focusing on 11q status, either with standard anti‐GD2 immunotherapy (n = 50) or previous retinoic acid‐based therapy alone (n = 33). Immunotherapy associated with higher EFS (50 vs. 30, P = 0.028) and OS (72 vs. 52, P = 0.047) at 3 years in the overall population. Despite benefits from standard anti‐GD2 immunotherapy in high‐risk NB patients, those with 11q deletion still face poor outcome. This NB subgroup displays intratumoral immune suppression profiles, revealing a potential therapeutic strategy with combination immunotherapy to circumvent this immune checkpoint blockade.
Developing and Validating Methods to Assemble Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Births in the Electronic Health Record
Authors: Barnado April , Eudy Amanda M. , Blaske Ashley , Wheless Lee , Kirchoff Katie , Oates Jim C. , Clowse Megan E. B. 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveElectronic health records (EHRs) represent powerful tools to study rare diseases. Our objective was to develop and validate EHR algorithms to identify systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) births across centers.MethodsWe developed algorithms in a training set using an EHR with over 3 million subjects and validated the algorithms at 2 other centers. Subjects at all 3 centers were selected using ≥1 code for SLE International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD‐9) or SLE International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐10‐CM) and ≥1 ICD‐9 or ICD‐10‐CM delivery code. A subject was a case if diagnosed with SLE by a rheumatologist and had a birth documented. We tested algorithms using SLE ICD‐9 or ICD‐10‐CM codes, antimalarial use, a positive antinuclear antibody ≥1:160, and ever checked double‐stranded DNA or complement, using both rule‐based and machine learning methods. Positive predictive values (PPVs) and sensitivities were calculated. We assessed the impact of case definition, coding provider, and subject race on algorithm performance.ResultsAlgorithms performed similarly across all 3 centers. Increasing the number of SLE codes, adding clinical data, and having a rheumatologist use the SLE code all increased the likelihood of identifying true SLE patients. All the algorithms had higher PPVs in African American versus White SLE births. Using machine learning methods, the total number of SLE codes and an SLE code from a rheumatologist were the most important variables in the model for SLE case status.ConclusionWe developed and validated algorithms that use multiple types of data to identify SLE births in the EHR. Algorithms performed better in African American mothers than in White mothers.
Linking Glass‐Transition Behavior to Photophysical and Charge Transport Properties of High‐Mobility Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Xiao Mingfei , Sadhanala Aditya , Abdi‐Jalebi Mojtaba , Thomas Tudor H. , Ren Xinglong , Zhang Tao , Chen Hu , Carey Remington L. , Wang Qijing , Senanayak Satyaprasad P. , Jellett Cameron , Onwubiko Ada , Moser Maximilian , Liao Hailiang , Yue Wan , McCulloch Iain , Nikolka Mark , Sirringhaus Henning 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe measurement of the mechanical properties of conjugated polymers can reveal highly relevant information linking optoelectronic properties to underlying microstructures and the knowledge of the glass transition temperature (Tg) is paramount for informing the choice of processing conditions and for interpreting the thermal stability of devices. In this work, we use dynamical mechanical analysis to determine the Tg of a range of state‐of‐the‐art conjugated polymers with different degrees of crystallinity that are widely studied for applications in organic field‐effect transistors. We compare our measured values for Tg to the theoretical value predicted by a recent work based on the concept of effective mobility ζ. The comparison shows that for conjugated polymers with a modest length of the monomer units, the Tg values agree well with theoretically predictions. However, for the near‐amorphous, indacenodithiophene–benzothiadiazole family of polymers with more extended backbone units, values for Tg appear to be significantly higher, predicted by theory. However, values for Tg are correlated with the sub‐bandgap optical absorption suggesting the possible role of the interchain short contacts within materials’ amorphous domains.
Particulate‐Based Single‐Dose Local Immunosuppressive Regimen for Inducing Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells in Xenogeneic Islet Transplantation
Authors: Pathak Shiva , Acharya Suman , Regmi Shobha , Shrestha Prakash , You Zhiwei , Bae Young Kyung , Park Min Hui , Yook Simmyung , Kim Jae‐Ryong , Park So Young , Jeong Daewon , Yong Chul Soon , Kim Jong Oh , Chang Jae Hoon , Jeong Jee‐Heon 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecent studies emphasize on developing immune tolerance by an interim administration of various immunosuppressive drugs. In this study, a robust protocol is reported for local immunomodulation using a single‐dose of FK506 microspheres and clodronate liposomes (mFK+CLO) in a xenogeneic model of islet transplantation. Surprisingly, the single‐dose treatment with mFK+CLO induce tolerance to the islet xenograft. The recipient mice display tolerogenic dendritic cells (tDCs) with decreased antigen presenting ability and T cell activation capacity. Furthermore, a reduced percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and an impaired differentiation of naïve CD4+ T cells into interferon‐γ producing Th1 and interleukin‐17 producing Th17 cells are observed. In addition, the immunosuppressive protocol leads to the generation of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) which are required for the long‐term graft survival. The enhanced generation of tDCs and Tregs by the single treatment of mFK+CLO cause xenograft tolerance, suggesting a possible clinical strategy which may pave the way towards improving therapeutic outcomes of clinical islet transplantation.
In Situ Nucleic Acid Amplification and Ultrasensitive Colorimetric Readout in a Paper‐Based Analytical Device Using Silver Nanoplates
Authors: Suea‐Ngam Akkapol , Choopara Ilada , Li Shangkun , Schmelcher Mathias , Somboonna Naraporn , Howes Philip D. , deMello Andrew J. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA rapid, highly sensitive, and quantitative colorimetric paper‐based analytical device (PAD) based on silver nanoplates (AgNPls) and loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is presented. It is shown that cauliflower‐like concatemer LAMP products can mediate crystal etching of AgNPls, with a threefold signal enhancement versus linear dsDNA. Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), an antimicrobial resistant bacterium that poses a formidable risk with persistently high mortality, is used as a model pathogen. Due to the excellent color contrast provided by AgNPls, the PAD allows qualitative analysis by the naked eye and quantitative analysis using a smartphone camera, with detection limits down to a single copy in just 30 min, and a linear response from 1 to 104 copies (R2 = 0.994). The entire assay runs in situ on the paper surface, which drastically simplifies operation of the device. This is the first demonstration of single copy detection using a colorimetric readout, and the developed PAD shows great promise for translation into an ultrasensitive gene‐based point‐of‐care test for any infectious disease target, via modification of the LAMP primer set.
Transparent Hybrid Opals with Unexpected Strong Resonance‐Enhanced Photothermal Energy Conversion
Authors: Cang Yu , Lee Jaejun , Wang Zuyuan , Yan Jiajun , Matyjaszewski Krzysztof , Bockstaller Michael R. , Fytas George 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPhotothermal energy conversion is of fundamental importance to applications ranging from drug delivery to microfluidics and from ablation to fabrication. It typically originates from absorptive processes in materials that—when coupled with non‐radiative dissipative processes—allow the conversion of radiative energy into heat. Microstructure design provides versatile strategies for controlling light–matter interactions. In particular, the deliberate engineering of the band structure in photonic materials is known to be an effective approach to amplify absorption in materials. However, photonic amplification is generally tied to high optical contrast materials which limit the applicability of the concept to metamaterials such as microfabricated metal–air hybrids. This contribution describes the first observation of pronounced amplification of absorption in low contrast opals formed by the self‐assembly of polymer‐tethered particles. The dependence of the amplification factor on the length scale and degree of order of materials as well as the angle of incidence reveal that it is related to the slow photon effect. A remarkable amplification factor of 16 is shown to facilitate the rapid “melting” of opal films even in the absence of “visible” absorption. The results point to novel opportunities for tailoring light–matter interactions in hybrid materials that can benefit the manipulation and fabrication of functional materials.
Multifunctional Diode Operation of Tetracene Sensitized Polymer:Fullerene Heterojunctions with Simultaneous Electroluminescence in Visible and NIR Bands
Authors: Hamid Tasnuva , Kielar Marcin , Yambem Soniya D. , Pandey Ajay K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMultifunctional operation of tetracene/polycyclopentadithiophene‐benzothiadiazole (PCPDTBT), and tetracene sensitized PCPDTBT:fullerene bulk heterojunctions (BHJs) that work as an organic photovoltaic (OPV), organic light emitting diode (OLED), and organic photodetector (OPD) is unveiled. The multifunctional operation is underlined by a synergetic interplay between singlet and triplet energy transfer and the judicious alignment of energy levels of donor–acceptor cascade. Introduction of tetracene is shown to enhance electroluminescence (EL) at 800 nm despite the observation of a near‐complete photoluminescence quenching in BHJ systems. Signatures of triple energy transfer mediated via charge transfer states of BHJ to tetracene become apparent as the proportion of fullerene in the BHJ is increased. An optimal balance between exciton population is achieved with BHJ 1:2 that produces EL peaks at 530 and 800 nm while maintaining a respectable OPV and OPD performance. The proposed ternary system unlocks the potential of having multifunctionality within one single diode structure, and it also offers new design rules for multispectral OLEDs.
Hybrid capture of 964 nuclear genes resolves evolutionary relationships in the mimosoid legumes and reveals the polytomous origins of a large pantropical radiation
Authors: Koenen Erik J. M. , Kidner Catherine , de Souza Élvia R. , Simon Marcelo F. , Iganci João R. , Nicholls James A. , Brown Gillian K. , de Queiroz Luciano P. , Luckow Melissa , Lewis Gwilym P. , Pennington R. Toby , Hughes Colin E. 
Published: November 2020

PREMISETargeted enrichment methods facilitate sequencing of hundreds of nuclear loci to enhance phylogenetic resolution and elucidate why some parts of the “tree of life” are difficult (if not impossible) to resolve. The mimosoid legumes are a prominent pantropical clade of ~3300 species of woody angiosperms for which previous phylogenies have shown extensive lack of resolution, especially among the species‐rich and taxonomically challenging ingoids.METHODSWe generated transcriptomes to select low‐copy nuclear genes, enrich these via hybrid capture for representative species of most mimosoid genera, and analyze the resulting data using de novo assembly and various phylogenomic tools for species tree inference. We also evaluate gene tree support and conflict for key internodes and use phylogenetic network analysis to investigate phylogenetic signal across the ingoids.RESULTSOur selection of 964 nuclear genes greatly improves phylogenetic resolution across the mimosoid phylogeny and shows that the ingoid clade can be resolved into several well‐supported clades. However, nearly all loci show lack of phylogenetic signal for some of the deeper internodes within the ingoids.CONCLUSIONSLack of resolution in the ingoid clade is most likely the result of hyperfast diversification, potentially causing a hard polytomy of six or seven lineages. The gene set for targeted sequencing presented here offers great potential to further enhance the phylogeny of mimosoids and the wider Caesalpinioideae with denser taxon sampling, to provide a framework for taxonomic reclassification, and to study the ingoid radiation.
Seven‐Step Synthesis of All‐Nitrogenated Sugar Derivatives Using Sequential Overman Rearrangements
Authors: Okuyama Yuya , Kidena Mayu , Kato Erina , Kawano Sayaka , Ishii Koki , Maie Kenta , Miura Kazuki , Simizu Siro , Sato Takaaki , Chida Noritaka 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAll‐nitrogenated sugars (ANSs), in which all hydroxy groups in a carbohydrate are replaced with amino groups, are anticipated to be privileged structures with useful biological activities. However, ANS synthesis has been challenging due to the difficulty in the installation of multi‐amino groups. We report herein the development of a concise synthetic route to peracetylated ANSs in seven steps from commercially available monosaccharides. The key to success is the use of the sequential Overman rearrangement, which enables formal simultaneous substitution of four or five hydroxy groups in monosaccharides with amino groups. A variety of ANSs are available through the same reaction sequence starting from different initial monosaccharides by chirality transfer of secondary alcohols. Transformations of the resulting peracetylated ANSs such as glycosylation and deacetylation are also demonstrated. Biological studies reveal that ANS‐modified cholesterol show cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines, whereas each ANS and cholesterol have no cytotoxicity.
Results of the 2020 AORN Salary and Compensation Survey
Authors: Bacon Donald R. , Stewart Kim A. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTAORN conducted its 18th annual compensation survey for perioperative nurses in June 2020. A multiple regression model was used to examine how several variables, including job title, education level, certification, experience, and geographic region, affect perioperative nurse compensation. Comparisons between the 2020 data and data from previous years are presented. The effects of other forms of compensation (eg, on‐call compensation, overtime, bonuses, shift differentials, benefits) on total compensation are also examined. Additional analyses explore the current state of the nursing shortage, sources of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction, and the effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic.
Tuning the antimicrobial activity of collagen biomaterials through a liposomal approach
Authors: Municoy Sofia , Antezana Pablo E. , Pérez Claudio J. , Bellino Martin G. , Desimone Martín F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe development of advanced biocidal agents stands as a global challenge, focused on the increasing demand of new biomaterials with local and gradual release of antimicrobial agents. This is the first time that three well‐known materials are strategically combined to develop a novel biomaterial with long‐term bactericidal activity that avoids burst release and toxic effects, by the incorporation of silver nanoparticles in liposomes and the subsequent incorporation of these assemblies in collagen hydrogels. These systems show improved mechanical properties and prolonged inhibitory effect on the growth of Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram‐negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, while remaining highly biocompatible for epithelial cells. In fact, the hybrid biocomposite prevents bacterial colonization for at least 72 h, allowing at the same time eukaryotic cell proliferation. As a result, this new bactericidal biomaterial provides a new alternative to improve current treatments of bacterial infections with many implications in significant applications, such as wound therapy and tissue regeneration.
Ultra‐thin, high strength, antibiotic‐eluting sutures for prevention of ophthalmic infection
Authors: Parikh Kunal S. , Omiadze Revaz , Josyula Aditya , Shi Richard , Anders Nicole M. , He Ping , Yazdi Youseph , McDonnell Peter J. , Ensign Laura M. , Hanes Justin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractSutures are applied almost universally at the site of trauma or surgery, making them an ideal platform to modulate the local, postoperative biological response, and improve surgical outcomes. To date, the only globally marketed drug‐eluting sutures are coated with triclosan for antibacterial application in general surgery. Loading drug directly into the suture rather than coating the surface offers the potential to provide drug delivery functionality to microsurgical sutures and achieve sustained drug delivery without increasing suture thickness. However, conventional methods for drug incorporation directly into the suture adversely affect breaking strength. Thus, there are no market offerings for drug‐eluting sutures, drug‐coated, or otherwise, in ophthalmology, where very thin sutures are required. Sutures themselves help facilitate bacterial infection, and antibiotic eye drops are commonly prescribed to prevent infection after ocular surgeries. An antibiotic‐eluting suture may prevent bacterial colonization of sutures and preclude patient compliance issues with eye drops. We report twisting of hundreds of individual drug‐loaded, electrospun nanofibers into a single, ultra‐thin, multifilament suture capable of meeting both size and strength requirements for microsurgical ocular procedures. Nanofiber‐based polycaprolactone sutures demonstrated no loss in strength with loading of 8% levofloxacin, unlike monofilament sutures which lost more than 50% strength. Moreover, nanofiber‐based sutures retained strength with loading of a broad range of drugs, provided antibiotic delivery for 30 days in rat eyes, and prevented ocular infection in a rat model of bacterial keratitis.
Nonsurgical endodontic management of mandibular first premolar with incomplete root‐end resection
Authors: Al‐Manei Khaled , Al‐Manei Kholod Khalil 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe complexity of the nonsurgical endodontic retreatment should be weighed against the benefit of surgical approach. This case report describes uncommon diagnosis and successful nonsurgical endodontic management of mandibular first premolar with a previous history of failed apicoectomy and incomplete root‐end resection using mineral trioxide aggregate and cone‐beam computed tomography.
Recent Progress in Graphdiyne for Electrocatalytic Reactions
Authors: Cui Min , Hu Tingting , Chen Lulu , Li Ping , Gong Yinghua , Wu Zexing , Wang Shuai 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAs a burgeoning carbon material, graphdiyne (GDY) with a highly π‐conjugated structure that is composed of sp‐ and sp2‐hybridized carbon atoms, it can be grouped into several forms. Compared to traditional carbon materials, GDY exhibits a unique carbon network and electronic structure, raising the concern of researchers at home and abroad. As a result of its favorable electronic structure and good functionalization capability, GDY can be modified to provide an ideal platform to prepare a highly active catalyst for electrocatalytic reactions. Furthermore, GDY can be synthesized on arbitrary substrates in a three‐dimensional nanosheet array structure, which can provide a large number of channels for the transfer of electrons and a large contact area with the reactant, which is also beneficial for electrocatalytic reactions. This Review focuses on the recent development of GDY for electrocatalysis applications, and elaborates the future prospects of GDY.