bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refutation of the Dominant Role of Mothers in Forming Children's Character: A Study of the Text Structure and Meaning of Father-Son Dialogue in the Qur'an through a Literary Sociology Perspective
Authors: Asrina  
Published: December 2024

This research is based on the finding that the dialogue between parents and their sons as immortalized in the Qur'an is more dialogue between fathers and their sons than dialogues between mothers and their sons. Logically, the long journey full of struggle that a mother goes through starting from conceiving, giving birth, nurturing and raising her children, of course has an impact on the amount of interaction and communication between mother and child. However, in fact the dialogue between parents and their children that is immortalized in the Qur'an is more of a dialogue between fathers and their children. Therefore, this research aims to reveal the structure and meaning of the dialogue between a father and his son in the verses of the Qur'an through the use of literary sociology theory, namely genetic structuralism. From the discussion it was found that the language structure of the dialogue between father and son varied, some used the ma'aniy language style, and some used the bayan language style. The use of the interjection “يا“ to call someone close by is a perfect signal to indicate the position of the person being called. In terms of meaning, the father's dialogue with his son shows the father's function as a provider of the foundation of faith, a guide in carrying out Islamic law, as well as an educator and character builder. From the results of the discussion it can be concluded that the father's dialogue with his son refutes the dominant role of the mother in forming son's character, and emphasizes the main role of the father.
Local and International Language Rivalry in Islamic Boarding Schools of Madura
Authors: Mulyadi  , Isnaini Lailatul , Jadid Ainur Rohisul , Shidqi A. Zainal Abdi , Wahid Rofidah , Ismail  
Published: December 2024

For the second language programmers and learners, an Islamic boarding school is the most effective place to teach and practice the so called global or international languages and the local ones. The term international language, in this study, refers to English and Arabic language meanwhile Madurese language is related to the local or native language. This study is about to describe three phenomena, firstly, how Islamic boarding schools develop English and Arabic languages to the students, secondly how it maintains the existence of Madurese language, and finally how the rivalry both sides in the use of communication in Islamic boarding schools. It is qualitative in design by maximizing the Schutz phenomenology The locus of study is spread through the Bangkalan, Sampang, Pamekasan, and Sumenep regios of Islamic boarding schools. The research results that is that the use of Madura by kiai, boarding managers, and students is very intense and massive. The intensity is due to the high commitment to maintenance for the conservation and preservation of Madura culture, one of which is the Madura language. Meanwhile the Arabic and English languages are taught and used more formal occasions.
Activated Interferon Signaling Suppresses Age-Dependent Liver Cancer
Authors: Adams Peter , Havas Aaron , Lande Kathryn , Rajesh Adarsh , Evensen K. , Varanasi Siva , Shang Linshan , Schmidt Elizabeth , Lee Jin , Kim Keneth , Teneche Marcos , Hoffmann Filipe Araujo , LaPorte Michael , Davis Andrew , Grier Abby , Haines Julie , Tharp Kevin , Gandhi Armin , Lei Xue , Proulx Jessica , Miller Karl , Sacco Alessandra , Shadel Gerald , Niedernhofer Laura , Feng Gen-Sheng , D'Alessandro Angelo , Kaech Susan , Williams April 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Age is a major risk factor for liver cancer, as is the case for most adult human cancers. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well defined. A better understanding of the role of aging in liver and other cancers can facilitate approaches for risk assessment, early detection and prevention. We hypothesize that age-driven changes render aged liver more sensitive to oncogenic stress and hence tumorigenesis. To investigate how the liver changes with age, we documented the immune profile, transcriptome and epigenome of healthy livers from both young and aged mice, revealing pronounced alterations with aging. Notably, in aged hepatocytes, we identified heightened interferon (IFN) signaling, as well as simultaneous tumor suppressor and oncogene signaling at both bulk and single cell level, suggestive of an aged liver that is poised for neoplasia. To challenge this seemingly poised state, we employed adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated expression of a c-Myc oncogene in young and aged mouse liver hepatocytes in vivo. Analysis of aged hepatocytes expressing c-Myc revealed further elevated expression of IFN Stimulated Genes (ISGs). This ISG upregulation was evident in multiple models of oncogenic stress and transformation in older mice and also observed in aged humans with Metabolic dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH). We determined that Stat1 is both necessary and sufficient for the age specific elevated ISG expression in old wild type mice. Remarkably, inhibiting Jak/Stat signaling alongside ectopic c-Myc expression led to high-grade hepatocyte dysplasia and tumor formation, selectively in aged mice. Together, these results suggest that an aged liver is in a state of “precarious balance”, due to concurrent activation of oncogenic and tumor suppressor pathways, but protected against neoplastic progression by IFN-signaling. Age-dependent activation of IFN signaling has been observed in many tissues and recent studies have demonstrated its detrimental consequences on aging, raising the question as to why IFN signaling is activated during aging. We propose that aged tissues are intrinsically at higher risk of cancer and age-dependent activation of IFN-signaling is an adaptive process to protect from tumorigenesis, but one that also has maladaptive consequences.
Link Prediction via Adversarial Knowledge Distillation and Feature Aggregation
Authors: Li Wen , Song Xiaoning , Zhang Wenjie , Hua Yang , Wu Xiaojun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Graph neural networks (GNN) have shown strong performance in link prediction tasks. However, it is susceptible to higher latency due to the trivial correlation of data in its neighborhood, which poses a challenge for its practical applica- tion. In contrast, although Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) performs poorly, it has a shorter inference time and is more flexible in practical applications. We uti- lize a distillation model to combine the powerful inference capabilities of GNN with the inference effciency of MLP. Distillation models usually use a predefined distance function to quantify the differences between teacher-student networks, but this cannot be well applied to various complex scenarios. In addition, the limited node information severely affects the learning ability of MLP. Therefore, to cope with these problems. Firstly, we propose an Adversarial Generative Dis- criminator (AGD), which trains the discriminators and generators against each other to adaptively detect and reduce the differences. Secondly, we also propose the Feature Aggregation Module (FAM) to help the MLP obtain suffcient fea- ture information before distillation starts. In the experiments, it is shown that our approach can achieve good results in link prediction tasks, outperforming the baseline model Linkless Prediction (LLP) and maintaining a good inference speed on eight datasets in two different settings∗ .
∗The code on https://github.com/lwuen/LPVAKD.git
LHX3 promotes EMT process in hepatoma cell through β-catenin/TCF4 pathway
Authors: Xia Jie , Chen Ke , Wang Jiaqi , Wang Jing , Fan Yi , Li Qian , Kong Lingjun , You Zhonglan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Hepatic carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant cancer and lacks effective therapeutic targets. The role of LHX3 has been extensively studied in various tumor tissues, where it has been identified as a promoter of tumorigenesis and malignancy. However, the specific functional role and potential mechanism of LHX3 in human HCCs are not clearly clarified. We found that LHX3 was overexpressed in HCC tissues compared to adjacent tissues. Moreover, it was observed that LHX3 promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of HCC cells, leading to increased proliferation, migration, and viability, and adhesion ability in vitro. Mechanistically, LHX3 facilitated TCF4 binding to β-catenin, forming a stable LHX3/β-catenin/TCF4 complex that activated downstream target genes. Disruption of the β-catenin/TCF4 interaction by Toxoflavin prevented the EMT of HCC cells. Overall, these findings highlight the critical role of LHX3 in the EMT of HCC cells through the β-catenin/TCF4 axis, suggesting the LHX3/β-catenin/TCF4 axis as a potential therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
Using Large Language Models as a Road map for Establishing Core Values in a Legal Vacuum
Authors: Theunissen Theo , Duijvesteijn Lydia 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This approach offers a structured method for organizations to develop and articulate their ethical frameworks, particularly in areas where legal guidance is limited or nonexistent. Problem: This study investigates establishing core values in a legal vacuum, where research, design, or implementation of an innovation is feasible but lacks regulations.
Methods: We leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to analyze codes of conduct from 1000 organizations (profit and not-for-profit) to identify core values. Metrics such as accuracy, bias, completeness, consistency, and relevance are used to validate the performance of LLMs in this context.
Results: From 493 non-profit organizations and companies on the Fortune 500 list, a total of 8646 core values across 89 sectors were identified. Using accuracy, bias, completeness, consistency and relevance as metrics for evaluating results from the LMMs, the number of core values is reduced to 362.
Conclusion: The research employs a ten-step decision-making process to guide ethical decision-making when clear rules, laws, or regulations are absent. The framework presents how objectivity can be maintained without losing personal values. This research contributes to understanding how core values are established and applied in the absence of formal regulations.
Optimal performance of simple low-cost optical physical unclonable functions resilient to machine learning attacks
Authors: Syvridis Dimitris , Akriotou Marialena , Bartsokas Theodoros , Veinidis Christos 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

In this paper we reconsider the Physical Unclonable Functions based on the traditional approach of optical scattering on random optical media. These devices have the major advantage of utilization of simple and very low-cost technology and therefore the potential to be installed all over the network providing critical cybersecurity operations such authentication, real time cryptographic key generation and generation of trues random sequences. To comply with the requirements of the aforementioned operations, critical issues must be resolved. We propose and implement algorithms for the generation of an almost unlimited number of uncorrelated optical challenges. We show experimentally that the uncorrelated challenges result in optical speckle which after the proper numerical processing generates true random sequences, we determine the optimal illumination conditions in order to achieve the best possible performance in terms of robustness and unpredictability. Moreover, we study the resilience of the PUF against machine learning (ML) attacks. We conclude experimentally that under certain illuminating conditions and using the uncorrelated challenges, the network cannot predict the responses being trained with a very large number of challenge responses (24000 pairs).
Privacy Breaches in Asylum Application Spatiotemporal Data
Authors: Katsikouli Panagiota , Astefanoaei Maria , Slaats Tijs 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

During asylum seeking procedures, refugees are required to provide significant amounts of private information. When asylum application records are summarised and made publicly available or shared almost as-is for research purposes, only names are typically anonymized. It is well understood, however, that mobility patterns can easily single out individuals; only a few spatiotemporal points are needed, even in large datasets. In this paper we show that the re-identification effect from locations mentioned in summarized or detailed asylum application records is exacerbated, due to the unique migration patterns of refugees. Indeed, we show that it is possible to confidently single-out at least half of the refugees in our datasets (with more than 11000 and 7000 records) with only high-level information, such as 4 exact locations or 6 countries they traveled to. In light of these results, we advocate that mobility data-at small and large scales-should be treated as private and that drastic actions should be taken for protecting the privacy of sensitive population groups, such as asylum seekers.
Nitrogen affects and genotypic variation in Cd absorption, translocation and chemical forms in wheat
Authors: Wu Xiaoli , Liu Miao , Li Ming , Li Shizhao , Xiong Tao , Li Chaosu , Tang Yonglu 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Reasonable nitrogen (N) and low grain cadmium (Cd) accumulators can effectively reduce grain Cd content in wheat; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate N affects and genotypic variation in Cd absorption, translocation and chemical forms in low (Chuannong30) and high (Chuanmai88) grain-Cd-accumulating wheat. Pot experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design consisting of two-factors: two Cd levels (low, 0.5 mg∙kg-1; high, 1.5 mg∙kg-1) and six N treatments (0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 225 kg∙ha-1). The results showed that both cultivars can be grown in low-Cd soil under N fertilization rate of 180 kg∙ha-1, without Cd toxicity issues; the low grain-Cd accumulating cultivars can be grown in high-Cd soil under fertilization rates < 135 kg∙ha-1, without grain toxicity. Increasing N fertilization improved Cd absorption, translocation and distribution in both cultivars, with a higher effect observed in Chuanmai88, the lower grain Cd concentrations of Chuannong30 may be attributed to low root absorption and low Cd translocation from leaf to grain. N fertilization increased all Cd chemical forms (except residual-Cd) in the root and leaf in both cultivars, especially under high soil Cd condition, Cd fractions extracted by 80% ethanol were predominant in root and leaf of both cultivars and the concentrations and proportions were also higher in Chuanmai88 than in Chuannong30. Moreover, increasing N fertilization significantly decreased soil pH, increased soil Cd exchange capacity and soil Cd bioavailability, resulting in increased Cd accumulation in plants, Chuanmai88 promoted the activation of the Cd migration in the soil.
Looking for a daptivegeographical SNPsin the Genus Epilobium
Authors: Sheidai Masoud , Rahimi Sedigheh , Mehrabian Ahmad Reza , Koohdar Fahimeh 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Epilobium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Onagraceae that contains approximately 200 species. This genus is distributed worldwide. It is most prevalent in the subarctic, temperate, and subAntarctic regions, whereas in the subtropics and tropics, Epilobium species are restricted to cool montane biomes such as the New Guinea Highlands. Many genetic and phylogenetic studies have been carried out on Epilobium, but none have focused on the geographical adaptation of SNPs. Therefore, we used ITS sequences of approximately 122 Epilobium taxa growing in different parts of the world and undertook computational analyses to identify discriminating SNPs among these species and to study their association with geographical variables. A combination of multivariate and Bayesian approaches, such as CCA, RDA, LFMM, and the skyline method, was used to identify several SNPs in these taxa with potential adaptation to geographical variables. Manhattan plot revealed many of these SNPs. are significantly associated with geographical variables? Genetic changes accompanied by local and geographical adaptation were illustrated using a skyline plot. These genetic changes did not occur under a molecular clock model of evolution, and probably under a positive selection pressure imposed in different geographical regions in which the plants grow.
Differential association of seven adiposity parameters with cognitive impairment in the elderly
Authors: Liu Jiajun , Jin Xueshan , Huang Hongqiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Over the past few years, several studies have indicated that overweight may contribute to the decline in cognitive function. This study aimed to evaluate how seven adiposity parameters are associated with cognitive impairment in older adults.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we included data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011–2014. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the relations between cognitive impairment and various parameters, including body mass index (BMI), arm circumference (AC), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), body roundness index (BRI), weight-adjusted waist (WWI), and a body shape index (ABSI). The best predictor of cognitive impairment was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results
The final study included 2,909 participants, with 726 diagnosed with cognitive impairment. We found that WWI and ABSI were significantly positively related to cognitive impairment (RR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.50–2.07; RR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.06–1.12), while AC was significantly negatively correlated with cognitive impairment (RR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92–0.98). ROC curve results showed that ABSI was the best predictor of cognitive impairment.
Conclusions
These results suggest that in clinical practice and public health settings, ABSI and WWI can be used as valid indicators to assess cognitive impairment.
Formulation of casein-based matrix and mechanical strength performance of casein-based composite materials: An insight for sustainable applications
Authors: Russo Marco , Langella Antonio , Sansone Lucia , Ricciardi Maria Rosaria 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Casein-based composite materials have emerged as promising candidates for sustainable applications due to their biodegradability and favourable mechanical properties. This study explores the formulation of a casein-based matrices and provides a detailed analysis of the mechanical strength performance of composites made from casein-based matrices, recycled cellulose acetate, and recycled cellulose recovered from cigarette butts, with a focus on shear, and flexural strength. Additionally, the impact resistance of these materials is evaluated using Charpy tests. All mechanical tests conducted not only assess the mechanical capabilities of these composites but also evaluate the fiber-matrix adhesion, which is fundamental for ensuring the integrity and performance of the materials under various stress conditions. Potential applications of these composites in packaging, construction, automotive, aerospace, medical, and textile industries are explored, highlighting their significant role in reducing environmental impact and decreasing reliance on non-renewable resources. Challenges such as water sensitivity and scalability are discussed, along with future research directions aimed at enhancing the performance and applicability of casein-based materials. This study underscores the viability of casein-based composites as sustainable alternatives across various industrial applications, contributing to the development of eco-friendly materials.
Challenges faced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship: A qualitative study in Ngaka Modiri Molema, North West Province
Authors: Couter Thembinkosi Rejoyce , Matsipane Molekodi J. , Bam Edith N. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
In South Africa, HIV/AIDS continues to be a major contributing factor to caregiver deaths. Many households in the country are left without an adult caregiver because the caregivers died from HIV/AIDS and left youth in charge of households. In addition, young people in charge of households deal with a variety of challenges brought by difficult circumstances orphans endure following the deaths of their caregivers. These challenges include financial struggles, dropping out of school, working part-time jobs, dating for cash, just to mention a few.
Aim
The aim of this study was to explore the challenges faced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship. Likewise, to draw the recommendations on how the HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship can be supported.
Setting
: The research study was carried out in the households that are headed by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in Ngaka Modiri Molema district in the North West Province.
Method
To address the research questions, this study employed exploratory, descriptive, and qualitative designs. Purposive sampling was used by the researcher. The researcher conducted semi-structured interviews with the participants to gather data. The researcher visited each participant at their home with the help of Community Health Workers for recruitment and data collection. The researcher used field notes and a recording device to ensure that the information can be confirmed. The gathered data were analysed using thematic analysis approach.
Results
The study yielded seven themes. Namely, financial challenges experienced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship, Health challenges experienced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship, Educational challenges experienced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship, Social challenges experienced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship, Emotional challenges experienced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship and Spiritual challenges experienced by HIV/AIDS-orphaned youth in household headship.
Conclusion
The study's participants offered recommendations for resolving their current challenges. Furthermore, the results of this study influenced the advancing of additional recommendations.
Image Resizing Combining Seam-Carving andInterpolation
Authors: Zhao Lanfei , Liu Faqiang 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Our study provides an image resizing method that combines content-awareness with interpolation.First, the salient object detection network was improved and compared with other algorithms proposed recently.In terms of collecting semantic and boundary data on salient objects, the findings of this study support the notion that the salient object detection strategy described in this work outperforms alternative strategies.Secondly, to maintain smooth surfaces in prominent parts and more effectively collect both regional and global data, we provide an equal proportionate resizing approach and an enhanced Seam Carving method. This method provides better protection of the important contents of the image.Finally, we propose a region interpolation method for binaryizing salient region detection and fusing it with the edge detection image, which divides the edge detection image into different regions for interpolation computation, thus improving the feature preservation of the modified image.The experimental results on the MIT RetargetMe dataset indicate that in downsizing images, our algorithm achieves an average energy value of 95.738. In enlarging images, our algorithm attains an average energy value of 58.542. In terms of distortion level, our algorithm outperforms existing algorithms.