bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accurate quantification of urinary metabolites for predictive models manifest clinicopathology of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Sato Tomonori , Kawasaki Yoshihide , Maekawa Masamitsu , Takasaki Shinya , Shimada Shuichi , Morozumi Kento , Sato Masahiko , Kawamorita Naoki , Yamashita Shinichi , Mitsuzuka Koji , Mano Nariyasu , Ito Akihiro 
Published: April 2020

AbstractUsing surgically resected tissue, we identified characteristic metabolites related to the diagnosis and malignant status of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Specifically, we quantified these metabolites in urine samples to evaluate their potential as clinically useful noninvasive biomarkers of ccRCC. Between January 2016 and August 2018, we collected urine samples from 87 patients who had pathologically diagnosed ccRCC and from 60 controls who were patients with benign urological conditions. Metabolite concentrations in urine samples were investigated using liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry with an internal standard and adjustment based on urinary creatinine levels. We analyzed the association between metabolite concentration and predictability of diagnosis and of malignant status by multiple logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to establish ccRCC predictive models. Of the 47 metabolites identified in our previous study, we quantified 33 metabolites in the urine samples. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed 5 metabolites (l‐glutamic acid, lactate, d‐sedoheptulose 7‐phosphate, 2‐hydroxyglutarate, and myoinositol) for a diagnostic predictive model and 4 metabolites (l‐kynurenine, l‐glutamine, fructose 6‐phosphate, and butyrylcarnitine) for a predictive model for clinical stage III/IV. The sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic predictive model were 93.1% and 95.0%, respectively, yielding an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.966. The sensitivity and specificity of the predictive model for clinical stage were 88.5% and 75.4%, respectively, with an AUC of 0.837. In conclusion, quantitative analysis of urinary metabolites yielded predictive models for diagnosis and malignant status of ccRCC. Urinary metabolites have the potential to be clinically useful noninvasive biomarkers of ccRCC to improve patient outcomes.
A molecular dynamics approach on the Y393C variant of protein disulfide isomerase A1
Authors: Madero‐Ayala Pablo A. , Mares‐Alejandre Rosa E. , Ramos‐Ibarra Marco A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHuman protein disulfide isomerase A1 (PDIA1) shows both catalytic (i.e., oxidoreductase) and non‐catalytic (i.e., chaperone) activities and plays a crucial role in the oxidative folding of proteins within the endoplasmic reticulum. PDIA1 dysregulation is a common trait in numerous pathophysiological conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders and cancerous diseases. The 1178A>G mutation of the human PDIA1‐encoding gene is a non‐synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism detected in patients with Cole‐Carpenter syndrome type 1 (CSS1), a particularly rare bone disease. In vitro studies showed that the encoded variant (PDIA1 Y393C) exhibits limited oxidoreductase activity. To gain knowledge on the structure–function relationship, we undertook a molecular dynamics (MD) approach to examine the structural stability of PDIA1 Y393C. Results showed that significant conformational changes are the structural consequence of the amino acid substitution Tyr>Cys at position 393 of the PDIA1 protein. This structure‐based study provides further knowledge about the molecular origin of CCS1.
Changes in treatment needs of hypoparathyroidism during pregnancy and lactation: A case series
Authors: Hartogsohn Etki A. R. , Khan Aliya A. , Kjærsulf Line Underbjerg , Sikjaer Tanja , Hussain Sharjil , Rejnmark Lars 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveAs only sparse data are available, we aimed to investigate whether needs for activated vitamin D and calcium supplements change in women with hypoparathyroidism during pregnancy and lactation and risk of pregnancy‐related complications.DesignRetrospective review of medical records.PatientsTwelve Danish and Canadian patients with chronic hypoparathyroidism who completed 17 pregnancies.MeasurementsData were extracted on plasma levels of ionized calcium (P‐Ca2+) and doses of active vitamin D and calcium supplements during pregnancy (N = 14) and breastfeeding (N = 10). Data on pregnancy complications were available from all 17 pregnancies.ResultsAlthough average doses of active vitamin D (P = .91) and calcium supplements (P = .43) did not change during pregnancies, a more than 20% increase or decrease in dose of active vitamin D was needed in more than half of the pregnancies in order to maintain normocalcemia. Five women (36%) developed hypercalcaemia by the end of pregnancy or start of lactation. Median levels of P‐Ca2+ increased from 1.20 mmol/L in third trimester to 1.32 mmol/L in the post‐partum period (P < .03). Accordingly, the average dose of active vitamin D was significantly reduced (P = .01) during lactation compared to 3rd trimester. One woman developed severe pre‐eclampsia (6%). Further four pregnancies (24%) were complicated by polyhydramnios, dystocia and/or perinatal hypoxia. Ten pregnancies required caesarean delivery (59%) with four (24%) being performed as an emergency.ConclusionIn chronic hypoparathyroidism, close medical monitoring of the mother with frequent adjustments in the dose of calcium and active vitamin D is required during pregnancy and lactation in order to maintain normocalcemia. Patients should be offered close obstetric care to handle potential perinatal complications. We recommend evaluating the neonate immediately after birth and notifying the paediatrician of the risks of hypocalcaemia as well as hypercalcaemia in the neonate.
Characteristics of adult‐ compared to childhood‐onset type 1 diabetes
Authors: Casu A. , Kanapka L. G. , Foster N. C. , Hirsch I. B. , Laffel L. M. , Shah V. N. , DeSalvo D. J. , Lyons S. K. , Vendrame F. , Aleppo G. , Mastrandrea L. D. , Pratley R. E. , Rickels M. R. , Peters A. L. ,   for the T1D Exchange Clinic Network
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimsTo compare diagnosis characteristics, diabetes management and comorbidities in a population diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in childhood with those in a similar population diagnosed in adulthood to identify disease differences related to the age of diabetes onset.MethodsThis analysis was performed using the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry, a cross‐sectional survivor cohort. Retrospectively collected characteristics were compared across the following age‐at‐diagnosis groups: <10, 10–17, 18–24, 25–39 and ≥40 years.ResultsThe entire cohort included 20 660 participants [51% female, median (interquartile range) age 18 (14–36) years, 82% non‐Hispanic white]. Diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis was more common among those with onset in childhood. Participants diagnosed as adults were more likely to be overweight/obese at diagnosis and to have used oral agents preceding type 1 diabetes diagnosis (57%). Current insulin pump use was less frequent in participants diagnosed at older ages. Current glycaemic control, measured by HbA1c, insulin requirements and use of a continuous glucose monitor were not different by age at diagnosis. Coeliac disease was the only comorbidity that was observed to have a different frequency by age at diagnosis, being more common in the participants diagnosed at a younger age.ConclusionsThese results show differences and similarities between type 1 diabetes diagnosed in childhood vs adulthood; notably, there was a tendency for there was a higher frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis at onset in children and a higher frequency of use of oral antidiabetes agents in adults. The data indicate that there is little distinction between the clinical characteristics and outcomes of type 1 diabetes diagnosed in childhood vs adulthood. Optimizing glycaemic control remains a challenge in all age groups, with lower use of insulin pumps impacting those diagnosed as adults.
Student Predispositions as Predictors of Dissent Behaviors in Supply Chain Courses*
Authors: Johnson Laquanda Leaven , Kelly Stephanie 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThis study investigates how student dissent behaviors are affected by student predispositions (i.e., math anxiety and self‐efficacy) in supply chain related courses. The data support a model in which students’ vengeful dissent behaviors are indirectly induced by these predispositions through the mediation of perceived immediacy. It is critical for instructors to understand the relationship between these variables to help improve the classroom environment for students, which this study helps to accomplish. Instructors of quantitative courses may need to engage students with predispositions in communication outside of the classroom to foster effective relationship building away from an environment that triggers students’ anxiety.
Chemerin predicts carotid intima‐media thickening in severe obesity
Authors: Ministrini Stefano , Ricci Maria Anastasia , Nulli Migliola Elisa , De Vuono Stefano , D’Abbondanza Marco , Paganelli Maria Teresa , Vaudo Gaetano , Siepi Donatella , Lupattelli Graziana 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground and aimsChemerin is an adipokine with an emerging role in the crosstalk between adipose tissue and immune system. It is overexpressed in severe obesity, affects adipogenesis and glucose homeostasis and it correlates with early vascular damage. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between circulating levels of chemerin and early vascular damage in subjects with severe obesity, before and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).MethodsFifty‐six obese subjects eligible for LSG were enrolled in the study. The following parameters were evaluated: body mass index (BMI), glycemia, insulinemia, glycated haemoglobin, lipid profile, plasma chemerin levels and carotid intima‐media thickness (cIMT). Fifty‐four subjects were evaluated 1 year after the intervention.ResultsUnivariate analysis showed a direct and significant correlation between chemerin and waist circumference, insulin resistance, glycated haemoglobin and cIMT. Chemerin was a better predictor of intima‐media thickening than waist circumference and glycated haemoglobin at the ROC curve analysis, with a cut‐off value for chemerin of 140 ng/mL. The reduction of chemerin is independently associated with the reduction of cIMT and the improvement of insulin sensitivity after LSG.ConclusionChemerin is involved in the development and progression of early vascular damage and insulin resistance in subjects with severe obesity, and in their healing after bariatric surgery. Chemerin could also have a role in the assessment of cardiovascular risk in subjects with severe obesity.
Dysregulation of astrocytic mitochondrial function following exposure to a dopamine metabolite: Implications for Parkinson's disease
Authors: Bagnoli Enrico , Diviney Tara , FitzGerald Una 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe monoamine oxidase metabolite of dopamine, 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL), is hypothesized to induce neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, DOPAL's effect on astrocyte function is less well known. Furthermore, the conflicting protective and pathological roles of resting and reactive astrocytes in Parkinson's disease have led to astrocytes being characterized as a double‐edged sword in this disease. Using the Neu7 rat astrocyte cell line as a model of astrocyte behaviour, we aimed to evaluate the effect of DOPAL on astrocyte viability, reactivity and mitochondrial function. Astrocytic production of hydrogen peroxide and nitrite was indicative of reactivity. Mitochondrial function was assessed using extracellular flux analysis with the Seahorse extracellular flux analysis system and mitochondria membrane potential dye. We found that DOPAL significantly reduces Neu7 viability, induces apoptosis, decreases mitochondrial performance and increases oxidative and nitrative stress in a concentration‐dependent manner. This is the first in vitro study showing that DOPAL is directly toxic to astrocytes. We predict that the loss of astrocyte viability and the gain of neurotoxic effects, like the increase in oxidative stress, will have detrimental consequences to neuronal viability. This research supports the hypothesis that DOPAL is a contributing factor to PD progression and provides a basis for future research to elucidate the mechanism of DOPAL‐induced astrocyte toxicity in PD.
Severe psychological distress among patients with epilepsy during the COVID‐19 outbreak in southwest China
Authors: Hao Xiaoting , Zhou Dong , Li Zhe , Zeng Guojun , Hao Nanya , Li Enzhi , Li Wenjing , Deng Aiping , Lin Mintao , Yan Bo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the severity of psychological distress between patients with epilepsy and healthy controls during the COVID‐19 outbreak in southwest China, as well as identify potential risk factors of severe psychological distress among patients with epilepsy.MethodsThis cross‐sectional case‐control study examined a consecutive sample of patients older than 15 years treated at the epilepsy center of West China Hospital between February 1 and February 29, 2020. As controls, sex‐ and age‐matched healthy visitors of inpatients (unrelated to the patients) were also enrolled during the same period. Data on demographics and attention paid to COVID‐19 were collected by online questionnaire, data on epilepsy features were collected from electronic medical records, and psychological distress was evaluated using the 6‐item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K‐6). Potential risk factors of severe psychological distress were identified using multivariate logistic regression.ResultsThe 252 patients and 252 controls in this study were similar along all demographic variables except family income. Patients with epilepsy showed significantly higher K‐6 scores than healthy controls and spent significantly more time following the COVID‐19 outbreak (bothP < .001). Univariate analyses associated both diagnosis of drug‐resistant epilepsy and time spent paying attention to COVID‐19 with severe psychological distress (defined as K‐6 score >12; bothP ≤ .001). Multivariate logistic regression identified two independent predictors of severe psychological distress: time spent paying attention to COVID‐19 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.172, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.073‐1.280) and diagnosis of drug‐resistant epilepsy (OR = 0.283, 95% CI = 0.128‐0.623).SignificanceDuring public health outbreaks, clinicians and caregivers should focus not only on seizure control but also on mental health of patients with epilepsy, especially those with drug‐resistant epilepsy. K‐6 scores > 12 indicate severe psychological distress. This may mean, for example, encouraging patients to engage in other activities instead of excessively following media coverage of the outbreak.
Barrier lipid composition and response to plasma lipids: A direct comparison of mouse dorsal back and ear skin
Authors: Martins Cardoso Renata , Absalah Samira , Van Eck Miranda , Bouwstra Joke A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe skin of the ear and the back are frequently selected sites in skin research using mouse models. However, distinct responses to treatment have been described between these two sites in several studies. Despite the crucial role of the stratum corneum (SC) in the skin barrier function of both dorsal back and ear skin, it remains unclear whether differences in lipid composition might underlie altered responses. Here, we compared the skin morphology and the barrier lipid composition of the ear with the back skin of wild‐type mice. The ear contained more corneocyte layers in the SC and its barrier lipid composition was enriched with sphingosine ceramide subclasses, especially the short ones with a total chain length of 33‐34 carbons. The free fatty acid (FFA) profile in the ear skin shifted towards shorter chains, significantly reducing the mean chain length to 23.3 vs 24.7 carbons in the back skin. In line, FFA species in the ear displayed a twofold increase in unsaturation index (P < .001). Gene expression in the ear skin revealed low expression of genes involved in lipid synthesis and uptake, indicating a reduced metabolic activity. Finally, the effects of hypercholesterolaemia on SC FFA composition was compared in ear and back skin of apolipoprotein E knockout (APOE−/−) mice. Interestingly, the FFA profile inAPOE−/−ear skin was minimally affected, while the FFA composition in the back skin was markedly changed in response to hypercholesterolaemia. In conclusion, ear and back skin have distinct barrier lipids and respond differently to elevated plasma cholesterol.
Aberrant ETS‐1 signalling impedes the expression of cell adhesion molecules and matrix metalloproteinases in non‐segmental vitiligo
Authors: Srivastava Niharika , Bishnoi Anuradha , Mehta Sakshi , Rani Seema , Kumar Ravinder , Bhardwaj Supriya , Sendhil Kumaran Muthu , Keshavamurthy Vinay , Gupta Sarika , Parsad Davinder 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCell adhesion is a complex process that involves multiple molecules on the cell surface (ie cell adhesion molecules [CAMs]), surrounding cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). Repigmentation in vitiligo is dependent on the ECM remodelling and cellular migration, primarily attributed to the transcriptional activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the role of ETS‐1 signalling in the regulation of MMPs and CAMs. Therefore, we studied the expression of ETS‐1, MMPs (MMP‐2, MMP‐9) and CAMs including E‐cadherin, ITGA‐1 and ICAM‐1 in vitiligo (both active and stable) ex vivo. Further, we compared melanocyte morphology and their adhesion towards collagen IV and laminin between control and vitiligo groups in vitro. Also, we silenced ETS‐1 in melanocytes cultured from control skin and observed post‐silencing effect on above‐mentioned MMPs and CAMs. We perceived absent ETS‐1 and significantly reduced CAMs and MMPs in vitiligo compared with normal skin. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a translucent material surrounding individual melanocytes in stable vitiligo and controls, whereas active vitiligo melanocytes demonstrated loss of this extracellular substance. Adhesion assays revealed significantly decreased binding of cultured melanocytes to collagen IV and laminin V plates in both stable and active vitiligo. Importantly, ETS‐1 silencing resulted in significantly reduced expression of CAMs and MMPs. In conclusion, absent ETS‐1 expression in both stable and active non‐segmental vitiligo seems to impede the expression of CAMs, apart from MMPs, probably leading to progressive depigmentation in active disease and absence of spontaneous repigmentation in stable disease.
Serum glucose and phosphorus concentrations during continuous renal replacement therapy using commercial replacement solutions with or without phosphorus
Authors: Crowley Kaitlin E. , DeGrado Jeremy R. , Charytan David M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIntroductionContinuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) is a common practice in the intensive care unit often associated with electrolyte derangements. Recently, our institution added a phosphate dialysis solution, Phoxillum®, to our formulary as an option for CVVH fluid in addition to the bicarbonate‐based Prismasol® products available. We sought to evaluate the impact of Phoxillum in patients who required CVVH when compared to Prismasol with regard to phosphate and glucose management.MethodsThis was a single‐center, retrospective, observational cohort analysis approved by Partners Health Care System Institutional Review Board that included patients who received a minimum of 24 hours of either Prismasol 4/2.5 or Phoxillum for CVVH from February 2017 to November 2017. Phosphate and glucose levels were monitored daily while on CVVH. Prevalence of hypoglycemia (glucose <70 mg/dL), hyperglycemia (glucose >180 mg/dL), hypophosphatemia (phosphate <2.5 mg/dL), and hyperphosphatemia (phosphate >4.3 mg/dL) were collected in terms of days of occurrence while on CVVH. Oral and intravenous phosphate repletion requirements were collected for all patients.FindingsHypophosphatemia occurred more frequently while patients were receiving Prismasol as compared to Phoxillum (130 [24.9%] vs. 13 [6.2%], rate ratio [RR] 0.20 [95% confidence interval—CI = 0.10–0.42, P < 0.0001]), and consequently there was a numerically lower need for intravenous phosphorous repletion in the Phoxillum group (RR = 0.58, 95% CI [0.26, 1.30], P = 0.19]. There was a numerically higher incidence of hyperphosphatemia while patients were on Phoxillum therapy as compared to Prismasol (78 [37%] vs. 145 [27.7%], RR 1.25 [95% CI = 0.84, 1.86, P = 0.27]). There was no difference between the Phoxillum and Prismasol groups in terms of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. There was no notable difference in the cost found between the two therapies.DiscussionThe findings suggest that the use of Phoxillum for CVVH may be associated with decreased incidence of hypophosphatemia and a potentially decreased need for phosphate repletion in patients who require CVVH.
Effects of dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma treatments on degradation of anilazine fungicide and quality of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) juice
Authors: Ali Murtaza , Cheng Jun‐Hu , Sun Da‐Wen 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe effect of cold plasma (CP) treatment on the degradation of anilazine fungicide in tomato juice was investigated. Anilazine solution of 5 mg/L was added to tomato juice samples and treated using a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) cold plasma (CP) system with exposure times of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 min. The gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) results showed that the reduction in anilazine in the tomato juice achieved 47% and 65% after treatments for 4 min and 5 min, respectively. The concentration of anilazine decreased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) with an increase in treatment time. Analysis of the quality attributes of tomato juice treated for 5 min showed that the quality of the treated juice remained acceptable with a slight decrease in pH from 4.28 to 4.18, an increase in total soluble solids (TSS) from 5.70 to 6.70 ◦Brix, an increase in the browning index from 2.35 to 4.54, a very low (but within the acceptable limit) total colour difference, and only minor changes in antioxidant capacity, total flavonoid and total phenolic content, as compared with the control samples. These results indicated that DBD cold plasma treatment could be an effective and rapid technique to degrade pesticide residues for the fruit juice industry.