bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal tumor fraction trajectories predict risk of progression in metastatic HR+ breast cancer patients undergoing CDK4/6 treatment
Authors: Dandachi Nadia , Posch Florian , Graf Ricarda , Suppan Christoph , Klocker Eva Valentina , Müller Hannah Deborah , Lindenmann Jörg , Terbuch Angelika , Heitzer Ellen , Balic Marija 
Published: December 2020

Despite improved clinical outcomes, intrinsic or acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment has limited the success of this treatment in HR+HER2− metastatic breast cancer patients. Biomarkers are urgently needed, and longitudinal biomarker measurements may harbor more dynamic predictive and prognostic information compared to single time point measurements. The aim of this study was to explore the longitudinal evolution of circulating tumor fractions within cell‐free DNA assessed by an untargeted sequencing approach during CDK4/6 therapy and to quantify the potential association between longitudinal z‐score measurements and clinical outcome by using joint models. Forty‐nine HR+HER2− metastatic breast cancer patients were enrolled, and z‐score levels were measured at baseline and during 132 follow‐up visits (median number of measurements per patient = 3, 25th–75th percentile: 3–5, range: 1–8). We observed higher baseline z‐score levels (estimated difference 0.57, 95% CI: 0.147–0.983, P‐value = 0.008) and a constant increase of z‐score levels over follow‐up time (overall P‐value for difference in log z‐score over time = 0.024) in patients who developed progressive disease. Importantly, the joint model revealed that elevated z‐score trajectories were significantly associated with higher progression risk (HR of log z‐score at any time of follow‐up = 3.3, 95% CI, 1.44–7.55, P = 0.005). In contrast, single z‐score measurement at CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment start did not predict risk of progression. In this prospective study, we demonstrate proof‐of‐concept that longitudinal z‐score trajectories rather than single time point measurements may harbor important dynamic information on the development of disease progression in HR+HER2− breast cancer patients undergoing CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment.
Development of a Rigorously Designed Procedural Checklist for Assessment of Emergency Medicine Resident Performance of Temporary Transvenous Cardiac Pacing
Authors: Klein Matthew R. , Schmitz Zachary P. , Adler Mark D. , Salzman David H. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesTemporary transvenous cardiac pacing (TVP) is a potentially lifesaving intervention included in the list of essential core procedures for emergency medicine (EM) training; however, opportunities to perform TVP during residency cannot be guaranteed. EM graduates report feeling subjectively underprepared for this procedure, but objective performance data are lacking. Checklist‐based simulated assessment is an increasing focus of competency‐based medical education, particularly for invasive procedures like TVP. The objectives of this paper were as follows: first, to enlist a multidisciplinary team of experts to create an assessment tool for TVP using best practices in checklist development; second, to determine the reliability of checklist scoring; and third, to assess EM residents’ baseline ability to perform TVP using a dedicated task trainer.MethodsThis study was conducted at a single 4‐year EM residency. A panel of emergency physicians and cardiologists designed a TVP checklist using a modified Delphi approach. After consensus was achieved on a final checklist, EM residents were assessed using a dedicated TVP task trainer. Inter‐rater reliability was determined using Cohen’s kappa coefficient. Resident performance was determined by number of correctly performed checklist items.ResultsThe expert panel achieved consensus on a 30‐item checklist after three rounds of revisions. The Cohen’s kappa coefficient for the overall checklist score was 0.87, with individual checklist items ranging from 0.63 to 1.00. In total, 58 residents were assessed with a mean score of 13.5 of 30 checklist items. Scores increased with each year of training.ConclusionsThis study details the rigorous development of a TVP checklist designed by a multidisciplinary team of experts. Checklist scores demonstrated strong inter‐rater reliability. The overall poor performance of this cohort suggests the current approach to TVP training does not provide sufficient preparation for EM residents. Competency‐based techniques, such as simulation‐based mastery learning, should be explored.
Preparation of biobased poly(propylene 2,5‐furandicarboxylate) fibers: Mechanical, thermal and hydrolytic degradation properties
Authors: Chen Siqi , Zou Rui , Li Linhua , Shang Jiaojiao , Lin Shaojian , Lan Jianwu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this work, a fully biobased poly(propylene 2,5‐furandicarboxylate) (PPF) was synthesized from 2,5‐furan dicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and 1,3‐propanediol (1,3‐PDO) via traditional two‐step melting polycondensation. Then, the resultant PPF was characterized with 1H NMR, FTIR, GPC, intrinsic viscosity, TGA, and DSC measurements, respectively. Next, the prepared PPF was melt‐spun into fibers. The morphology and thermal stability of the as‐spun PPF fibers were firstly investigated by SEM and TGA. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the PPF fibers were evaluated. The results showed that the tensile of the PPF fibers increased with increasing of the draw ratios following gradual decrease of the breaking elongation from 307.1% to 48.9%. In addition, the crystallization ability and the hydrolytic degradation behavior of the as‐spun PPF fibers were investigated in detail as well. The results presented that comparing to traditional fossil‐based poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) fibers, the PPF fibers exhibited lower crystallinity, however, it displayed a better hydrolytic degradation performance. Based on these results, it confirmed that the PPF fiber based on biomass polymer is a kind of promising environmentally friendly synthetic fiber for potential application in various fields.
Synovial Fluid Neutrophils From Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Display a Hyperactivated Phenotype
Authors: Metzemaekers Mieke , Malengier‐Devlies Bert , Yu Karen , Vandendriessche Sofie , Yserbyt Jonas , Matthys Patrick , De Somer Lien , Wouters Carine , Proost Paul 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease in childhood. The predominant subtypes, oligoarticular and polyarticular JIA, are traditionally considered to be autoimmune diseases with a central role for T cells and autoantibodies. Mounting evidence suggests an important role for neutrophils in JIA pathogenesis. We undertook this study to investigate the phenotypic features of neutrophils present in the blood and inflamed joints of patients.MethodsJIA synovial fluid (SF) and parallel blood samples from JIA patients and healthy children were collected. SF‐treated neutrophils from healthy donors and pleural neutrophils from patients with pleural effusion were investigated as controls for SF exposure and extravasation. Multicolor flow cytometry panels allowed for in‐depth phenotypic analysis of neutrophils, focusing on the expression of adhesion molecules, activation, and maturation markers and chemoattractant receptors. Multiplex technology was used to quantify cytokines in plasma and SF.ResultsSF neutrophils displayed an activated, hypersegmented phenotype with decreased CD62L expression, up‐regulation of adhesion molecules CD66b, CD11b, and CD15, and down‐regulation of CXCR1/2. An elevated percentage of CXCR4‐positive neutrophils was detected in SF from patients. Pleural neutrophils showed less pronounced maturation differences. Strikingly, significant percentages of SF neutrophils showed a profound up‐regulation of atypical neutrophil markers, including CXCR3, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and HLA–DR.ConclusionOur data show that neutrophils in inflamed joints of JIA patients have an activated phenotype. This detailed molecular analysis supports the notion that a complex intertwining between these innate immune cells and adaptive immune events drives JIA.
N6‐methyladenine‐related genes affect biological behavior and the prognosis of glioma
Authors: Qu Shanqiang , Chen Zhixin , Liu Bin , Liu Jin , Wang Huafu 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough aberrant expression of N6‐methyladenine (m6A) methylation‐related genes contribute to tumorigenesis in many solid tumors, the prognostic value of the m6A‐related genes and their correlation with clinicopathological features in gliomas need advanced study.MethodsThe clinical and sequencing data of 288 patients with glioma were extracted from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database. By univariate and multivariable Cox regression analysis, the m6A‐related prognostic genes were identified, and their correlation with clinicopathological features was further analysis. A nomogram was constructed by R software and the performance of it was assessed by calibration and time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsNine m6A‐related genes were identified as independent prognostic factors, which were mostly enriched in RNA splicing, regulation of immune response and vesicle‐mediated transport. By expression value and regression coefficient of these genes, we constructed risk score of each patient, which was highly associated with clinicopathological features. Kaplan–Meier curve showed that the prognosis of patients with high‐risk scores was significantly worse than that with low‐risk scores (HR = 4.30, 95% CI = 3.16–5.85, p < 0.0001). A nomogram was constructed based on the nine m6A‐related genes signature and clinicopathological features with well‐fitted calibration curves (c‐index = 0.82), showing high specificity and sensitivity (area under the curve for 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐years survival probability = 0.874, 0.918, and 0.934).ConclusionsA nine m6A‐related genes signature was identified in gliomas. The m6A‐related risk score is a novel prognostic factor for patients with glioma, and is associated with clinicopathological features. Moreover, the nomogram based on the nine m6A‐related genes signature and clinicopathological features had good efficacy in predicting the survival probability.
Prediction of the World Health Organization Grade of rectal neuroendocrine tumors based on CT histogram analysis
Authors: Liang Ping , Xu Chuou , Tan Fangqin , Li Shichao , Chen Mingzhen , Hu Daoyu , Kamel Ihab , Duan Yaqi , Li Zhen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the diagnostic value of contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CECT) histogram analysis in predicting the World Health Organization (WHO) grade of rectal neuroendocrine tumors (R‐NETs).Materials and MethodsA total of 61 (35 G1, 12 G2, 10 G3, and 4 NECs) patients who underwent preoperative CECT and treated with surgery to be confirmed as R‐NETs were included in this study from January 2014 to May 2019. We depicted ROIs and measured the CECT texture parameters (mean, median, 10th, 25th, 75th, 90th percentiles, skewness, kurtosis, and entropy) from arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP) images by two radiologists. We calculated intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and compared the histogram parameters between low‐grade (G1) and higher grade (HG) (G2/G3/NECs) by applying appropriate statistical method. We obtained the optimal parameters to identify G1 from HG using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsThe capability of AP and VP histogram parameters for differentiating G1 from HG was similar in several histogram parameters (mean, median, 10th, 25th, 75th, and 90th percentiles) (all p < 0.001). Skewness, kurtosis, and entropy on AP images showed no significant differences between G1 and HG (p = 0.853, 0.512, 0.557, respectively). Entropy on VP images was significantly different (p = 0.017) between G1 and HG, however, skewness and kurtosis showed no significant differences (p = 0.654, 0.172, respectively). ROC analysis showed a good predictive performance between G1 and HG, and the 75th (AP) generated the highest area under the curve (AUC = 0.871), followed by the 25th (AP), mean (VP), and median (VP) (AUC = 0.864). Combined the size of tumor and the 75th (AP) generated the highest AUC.ConclusionsCECT histogram parameters, including arterial and venous phases, can be used as excellent indicators for predicting G1 and HG of rectal neuroendocrine tumors, and the size of the tumor is also an important independent predictor.
X‐person asymmetric interaction in virtual and augmented realities
Authors: Cho Yunsik , Kang Jiewon , Jeon Jaekyung , Park Jongchan , Kim Mingyu , Kim Jinmo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study proposes simple, highly immersive x‐person asymmetric interactions that account for the experience type characteristics of asymmetric virtual environments, jointly experienced by virtual reality (VR) users and augmented reality (AR) users. The first person interactions for VR users are performed through the use of hand gestures, and they define a manipulation process that maps the gestures and object control scheme to provide intuitive interactions with the virtual environment and objects. The third person interaction for AR users is designed to view the overall virtual scene and recognize and judge situations to allow for intuitive communication and interactions among the virtual environment, objects, and users based on a touch interface. The core goal of this process is to provide all users who participate in asymmetric virtual environments with satisfying experiences and presence through individualized experience modes and roles. To this end, an application that uses the x‐person asymmetric interactions was created. Furthermore, a survey experiment is performed to statistically analyze the interactions and verify that they provided users with a satisfactory experience, that is, a satisfactory sense of presence and social presence in each user's situation.
On truthful auction mechanism for cloud resources allocation and consumption shifting with different time slots
Authors: Song Heng , Zhu Junwu , Jiang Yi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe flexibility and high reliability of cloud computing have generated a tremendous amount of economic benefits. With the growing demand for cloud resources, the task about how to making users' demand adaptive to the supply of cloud resources during peak and nonpeak hours becomes extremely challenging. However, most of the existing mechanisms mainly focus on the allocation of cloud resources, and ignore the balance between supply and demand of cloud resources. To improve the situation, this paper presents a combinatorial auction model for the cloud resource allocation and consumption shifting problem, and then puts forward a truthful auction mechanism with two different price curve functions, that is, staircase and continuous price curve. The proposed mechanism can effectively allocate and shift cloud resources to alleviate the pressure of cloud infrastructure during peak hours. Both the theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the proposed mechanism guarantees desired properties including individual rationality, budget balance, truthfulness and computational efficiency. In addition, extensive simulation results also show that continuous price curve outperforms stair case price curve in terms of system efficiency and balance efficiency.
Consecutive Silver(I) Ion Incorporation into Oligonucleotides containing Cytosine‐Cytosine Mispairs
Authors: Hossain M. Nur , Ahmad Syed , Kraatz Heinz‐Bernhard 
Published: December 2020

AbstractInvited for this month's cover is the group of Prof. Heinz‐Bernhard Kraatz from the University of Toronto, Canada. The cover picture shows the consecutive incorporation of AgI ions into a DNA duplex containing adjacent C−C mispairs. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.202000607.
Design of multicomponent indomethacin‐paracetamol and famotidine loaded nanoparticles for sustained and effective anti‐inflammatory therapy
Authors: Assali Mohyeddin , Zohud Nihal 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIndomethacin is one of the nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that are widely prescribed drug for pain and inflammation. However, its notoriety of causing gastrointestinal effect, low water solubility, and its short half‐life would affect patient compliance and its oral absorption and accordingly justify the need to develop a formula with a controlled and sustained release manner in combination with anti‐ulcer drugs. Herein, we synthesized indomethacin‐paracetamol co‐drug loaded in nanoemulsion and encapsulated in famotiditine loaded polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles. The synthesis of the co‐drug was achieved by the formation of a hydrolyzable ester between the indomethacin and paracetamol. The synthesized co‐drug was preloading in nanoemulsion (Co‐NE), which encapsulated into famotidine PCL nanoparticles utilizing the nanoprecipitation approach. The developed nanosystem showed hydrodynamic size less than 200 nm and the zeta potential value above −30 mV. TEM images confirmed the morphological structure of the formed nanoemulsion and the loaded PCL nanoparticles. Stability studies revealed that the developed nanosystem was stable at different temperatures and pHs over 1 month. Moreover, improvement of the solubilities of these three drugs leading to have a controlled‐release multicomponent system of both co‐drug and famotidine over 3 days. This multicomponent nanoparticle might be a potential platform to overcome the obstacles of NSAIDs, synergize drugs with different mechanisms of actions by co‐encapsulating a small‐sized nanoemulsion into PCL nanoparticles for reaching the goal of effective anti‐inflammatory therapy.
Isolation and characterization of twelve polymorphic microsatellite markers in the endangered Hopea hainanensis (Dipterocarpaceae)
Authors: Wang Chen , Ma Xiang , Tang Liang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMicrosatellite markers were isolated and characterized for Hopea hainanensis Merrill & Chun, an endangered tree species with scattered distribution in Hainan Island and northern Vietnam. Twenty‐six microsatellite markers were developed based on next‐generation sequencing data and were genotyped by capillary electrophoresis on an ABI 3730xl DNA Analyzer. Twelve markers were found to be polymorphic in H. hainanensis. GENODIVE analyses indicated that the number of alleles ranged from 2 to 6 per locus, and the observed and expected heterozygosity varied from 0 to 0.755 and from 0.259 to 0.779, respectively. Primer transferability was tested with Hopea chinensis Hand.‐Mazz. and Hopea reticulata Tardieu, in which 3 and 7 microsatellite markers were found to be polymorphic, separately. The results showed that H. reticulata and H. hainanensis had similar levels of genetic diversity. A neighbor joining dendrogram clustered all individuals into two major groups, one of which was exclusively constituted by H. hainanensis, while the other consisted of two subgroups, corresponding to H. reticulata and H. chinensis, respectively. The 12 polymorphic microsatellite markers could be applied to study genetic diversity, population differentiation, mating system, and fine‐scale spatial genetic structures of H. hainanensis as well as its close relatives, facilitating the conservation and restoration of these endangered but valuable Hopea species.
Optoelectronic and photo‐charging properties of CH3NH3PbI3/LiFePO4 system
Authors: Qiang Yuhan , Zhang Lei , Shao Shaofeng , Li Jingfa 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThe photo‐responsive capability of lithium battery materials is a prerequisite to realize new‐generation light‐weight photo‐rechargeable batteries. However, the photo‐charging property is not available for common battery electrode materials such as LiFePO4. In this manuscript, we provide evidence that the halide perovskite material CH3NH3PbI3 is able to activate the photo‐charging properties of the lithium‐ion battery electrode material LiFePO4. The photoelectrochemical measurement demonstrates that the photo‐responsive property of the CH3NH3PbI3/LiFePO4 composite is significantly improved; the photo‐induced signals are neither observed in the individual halide perovskite nor the lithium battery material tested under the same condition. The first‐principles calculations reveal strong interactions between the CH3NH3PbI3 layer and the LiFePO4 layer via the coordination between the Lewis acid and Lewis base species; this forms a heterostructure that assists the photo‐charging process. We propose that the combination of halide perovskite materials and lithium battery electrode materials is a viable way to achieve light‐weight photo‐batteries. Suggestions to address the stability and voltage issues of the halide perovskite‐based hybrid systems toward the photo‐battery application are provided. This study facilitates the fundamental understanding of the integrated photo‐rechargeable battery materials and highlights the importance of halide perovskite materials for the lithium‐ion and photo‐rechargeable batteries.
The effects of thermal treatment on the bacterial community and quality characteristics of meatballs during storage
Authors: Li Ran , Wang Chong , Zhou Guanghong , Li Chunbao , Ye Keping 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThermal treatment is a widely applied food processing technology in the meat industry due to its convenience. However, the interpretation of the changes in the bacterial community and quality properties in the thermal processed meat products have not been well established. Therefore, the effects of thermal treatment on the quality characteristics and bacterial communities in meatballs during storage at 4°C were investigated, which will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the influence of thermal treatment on the meat quality. Thermal treatment (121°C, 15 min) decreased the initial total viable bacterial counts by 2.1 log CFU/g and the diversity of the initial bacterial communities in meatballs. Compared with the thermal treatment group, a significantly more rapidly increasing trend of total volatile basic nitrogen and a decreasing trend of pH were observed in the control group. At the end of storage, the bacterial community was dominated by Streptococcus, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas in the thermal treatment meatballs, whereas Pseudomonas, Pantoea, and Serratia. dominated the bacterial community of the control group. Besides, the predicted metabolic pathways revealed high levels of carbohydrate, amino acid, and lipid metabolism in the control group. This finding could contribute to a deep understanding of the influence of thermal treatment on the meat quality. Moreover, these results could provide a theoretical foundation for the development of alternative and novel nonthermal processing technologies for use in the meat industry.
Risk factors for the development of high‐grade dysplasia and carcinoma in patients with laryngeal squamous cell papillomas: Large retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gluvajić Daša , Hošnjak Lea , Stegel Vida , Novaković Srdjan , Gale Nina , Poljak Mario , Boltežar Irena Hočevar 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence and risk factors for the development of high‐grade dysplasia (HG‐D) and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) were assessed in patients with laryngeal squamous cell papillomas (LSP).MethodsClinical data, human papillomaviruses (HPV) typing, HPV E6/E7 mRNA in situ hybridization, and sequencing of host genes in LSP biopsies of 163 patients were analyzed.ResultsProgression to HG‐D and LSCC was identified in 21.5% and 4.3% of LSP patients, respectively. A more advanced age at LSP onset and lack of HPV infection were detected as risk factors for the development of HG‐D and LSCC (P < .05). The identification of HG‐D was associated with its progression to LSCC (P < .05). Host gene mutations were identified in 3 of 7 patients with LSCC.ConclusionsThe histological monitoring of LSP and HPV typing are necessary for early detection of epithelial changes. Further research is needed to elucidate the role of host gene mutations in LSCC transformation.