bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atenção as ações comunitárias na formação de Biomédicos
Authors: Villela de Carvalho William , Salvador Martins Yasmin , Luiza Duarte da Silva Paloma , De Araujo Cristovam Fernando , Fernandes de Carvalho Anderson 
Published: June 2020

Os tradicionais conceitos metodológicos na formação de biomédicos e outros profissionais de saúde são obsoletos na atual conjectura social. A linearidade das atividades técnicas são insuficientes e impedem a indissociabilidade entre a teoria e a prática no âmbito social e laboral, elaborando um paradigma mecanicista que se sobrepõe aos aspectos sociais de saúde. O ensino diferencial em saúde pública permite desenvolver uma nova perspectiva de saúde e doença, à medida que entende-se que esse processo é coletivo e consequência de aspectos biológicos resultantes de uma agressão externa de um meio social insalubre. A atual pesquisa de campo visa demonstrar a importância de se atuar ativamente em ações comunitárias em prol do desenvolvimento da atenção a saúde pública com atividades técnicas para diagnóstico laboratorial, através da análise coproparasitológica estatística e aplicação de medidas orientativas de saúde e higiene em público alvo de mesmo perfil socioeconomico, a partir de práticas educacionais que vinculem ações de promoção de saúde e prevenção de doenças decorrentes de intervenções periódicas definidas que atuem de formas estruturalmente distintas, otimizando as estratégias utilizadas em prol de um mesmo fim. Por meio de metodologia ativa autodidática, foram elaboradas estratégias de ações de prevenção a enteroprasitoses infantis para a prática avaliativa de coleta de materiais biológicos, analisados em laboratório pelos educandos através das técnicas de Hoffman, Pons & Janner e Ritchie, concomitantemente a criação de atividades lúdicas para a promoção de saúde, evidenciando os hábitos de bem-estar com aplicação supervisionada periódica, considerando-se a prática observacional das atividades, para posterior correlação de eficiência e eficácia dos métodos utilizados. As ações preventivas foram evidenciadas a partir dos dados obtidos, nos quais 34,6% das amostras foram positivas, sendo 12,5% infecções por helmintos e 87,5% por protozoários, estando em conformidade com a literatura científica, enquanto a percepção resultante da promoção à saúde permitiu inferir que o desenvolvimento de práticas de cunho profilático exercem mudanças nos hábitos quando há comunicação clara e didática, devidamente exposta e compreendida, impactando, assim, na rotina da população da região, contribuindo à construção de atividades colaborativas que antecedem a formação de indivíduos comportamental e analiticamente preparados para o dinamismo encontrado na saúde pública.
Complications and Readmissions After Reverse and Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty With Same-day Discharge
Authors: Antonacci Christopher L. , Cu Benedict J. , Erickson Brandon J. , Vazquez Oscar , Alberta Frank G. 
Published: June 2020

Background:
Recent studies have demonstrated the safety of anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) in an outpatient setting. No clinical studies, to date, have specifically analyzed complication and readmission rates after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) with same-day discharge. The purpose of this study was to compare the 90-day complication and readmission rates of patients undergoing TSA and RTSA with same-day discharge.

Methods:
Ninety-eight consecutive patients who underwent 104 shoulder arthroplasties with same-day discharge (52 TSA and 52 RTSA) between 2016 and 2019 were analyzed. Suitability for same-day discharge was determined preoperatively using the standardized criteria. Demographic variables, operative time, 90-day readmission, and complication rates were recorded and compared between groups. Differences between the patients undergoing TSA versus RTSA were evaluated with Student t-test, Mann-Whitney test, or Chi square tests as statistically appropriate and reported as P values.

Results:
Average age in the TSA cohort was significantly lower (60.1 ± 7.4 versus 67.5 ± 7.5, respectively; P < 0.001). Total operating room time was significantly shorter in the RTSA cohort (153 ± 30.1 minutes versus 171 ± 20.9). Three minor postoperative complications (5.8%) were observed in the TSA cohort (three seromas) within the 90-day postoperative period. There were four postoperative complications (7.7%) in the RTSA cohort (two postoperative seromas, one periprosthetic fracture, and one dislocation). None of the TSA patients required readmission and 1 RTSA (periprosthetic fracture) patient required readmission within 90 days.

Discussion:
RTSA with same-day discharge is a safe option for appropriately selected patients despite significantly increased age. 90-day readmission and complication rates between outpatient TSA and RTSA are similar.

Data Availability:
Yes.

Trial Registration Numbers:
NA

Level of Evidence:
III (case-control)
Male genitalia injuries: Unspoken collateral damage from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Authors: Spooner Jesse , Lee Linda , Kinahan John , Metcalfe Michael , Hoag Nathan 
Published: June 2020

The novel coronavirus (Sars-CoV-2), otherwise known as “COVID-19”, spread across the globe in early 2020 resulting in unprecedented and overwhelming impacts on local health systems. Island Health (IH) authority which serves Vancouver Island, British Columbia, has been fortunate to have a low incidence of COVID-19. However, it has noticed a higher than expected male genitourinary (GU) injury rate. We present six cases of GU trauma in the span of one week during the pandemic. One wonders whether behavioural changes secondary to COVID-19 restrictions, and the lifting of them, may correspond to an increase in male genitourinary complications.
Effect of Starter Addition on the Physicochemical, Microbiological and Sensory Characteristics of Pasteurized Milk White Cheese (Gibna bayda)
Authors: Salih Hanaa M. A. , Abdalla Mohamed O. M. 
Published: June 2020

Aims: This study was conducted to determine the effect of starter culture addition on the physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of white cheese (Gibna Bayda) during the storage period (5°C/ 45 days).
Methodology: Two treatments were prepared: Treatment 1 (T1): cheese manufactured with pasteurized milk with Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus (1:1) at the level of 2% (w/v); Treatment 2 (T2): the control; cheese manufactured with pasteurized milk without starter cultures. After cheese manufacture, physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics were determined at 1, 15, 30 and 45-day intervals.
Results: Results showed that the starter culture addition did not significantly (P>.05) affect all physiochemical characteristics of cheese, except for the ash content which was high in cheese manufactured with the addition of starter culture. The addition of the starter inﬂuenced the microbiological quality of the cheese, with total viable bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and yeasts and moulds counts being significantly (P<.05) low. Furthermore, the cheese made with an added starter culture showed high scores of colour, taste and flavour. The storage period significantly affected all characteristics of the cheese, except for the fat content of the control, which remained unchanged during all storage periods.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that starter culture (Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus) (1:1) is likely to be a suitable culture for Sudanese white cheese.
Phytoplankton Community Structure as Bioindicator of Water Quality in Floating Net Cage Area with Different Density at Cirata Reservoir
Authors: Fathan Mohamad Rizki Ramadhan Nida , Hasan Zahidah , Apriliani Izza Mahdiana , Herawati Heti 
Published: June 2020

Cirata Reservoir is built with water sources originating from the Citarum River. Cirata Reservoir mainly use as a hydroelectric power plant and fish cultivation area with a floating net cage system. The utilization of a reservoir for the cultivation of fish in the Cirata Reservoir had exceeded the specified capacity by the government. That matter had caused the water quality to change in waters of the Cirata Reservoir. Phytoplankton is the first organism that is affected because the degradation of water quality. The purpose of this research is to determine the structure community of phytoplankton in floating net cage areas with different density and water flow at Cirata Reservoir. This research was conducted on November 16 - December 8 of 2019 in the Cirata Reservoir with sampling station located at Jangari, Meleber, and Patokbeusi. The method that was used in this research was purposive sampling method. The result of physic-chemical parameter of this research showed that temperature at all station ranged between 31,9-34,5°C, transparency 53,5-76 cm, pH 6,87-7,67, CO2 8,4-16,8 mg/L, BOD5 1,1-20,5 mg/L, DO 5,83-9,72 mg/L, nitrate 0,169-0,241 mg/L, ammonia 0,001-0,241 mg/L, and phosphate 0,131-0,195 mg/L. The result of phytoplankton community structure indicated that composition of phytoplankton had 30 genera with Chlorophyceae class as the most dominant. The abundance of phytoplankton during research was ranged between 49.570-338.450 ind/L, diversity index 0,78-0,88, domination index 0,12-0,22, and saprobic index 1,04-1,59. Saprobic index indicated that water in each station was included in mild to moderate pollution category or in the β-Meso/ oligosaprobic phased which was showed by the large number of Gloeocystis and Glenodinium genera.
Effect of Phosphorus and Gibberellic Acid on Growth and Yield of Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa)
Authors: Marma Lathuenu , Akand Md. Hasanuzzaman , Islam Md. Nazrul 
Published: June 2020

The present study was carried out in the Horticulture farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during October 2017 to March 2018 to study the Effect of phosphorus (P) and gibberellic acid (GA3) on growth and yield of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa). Four phosphorus levels viz P0 = 0 kg P2O5 ha-1, P1 = 65 kg P2O5 ha-1, P2 = 85 kg P2O5 ha-1 and P3 = 110 kg P2O5 ha-1 and three GA3 levels viz. G0 = 0 ppm GA3, G1 = 115 ppm GA3 and G2 =145 ppm GA3. The experiment was laid out in the two factors Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Regarding P application, P3 gave the highest plant height (61.02 cm) and number of leaves plant-1 (7. 29.35) compared to control treatment but the highest yield parameters no. of spike ha-1 (368.60 thousand), bulb yield (25.88 t ha-1) and bulblet yield (14.21 t ha-1) were found from the treatment P2 whereas control treatment P0 showed lowest results. In case of GA3 application, G2 showed highest growth and yield parameter and the highest no. of spike ha-1 (362.30 thousand), bulb yield (25.38 t ha-1) and bulblet yield (14.00 t ha-1) were obtained from G2 whereas the lowest results were found from the control treatment G0. Treatment combine of P and GA3, the highest no. of spike ha-1 (405.60 thousand), bulb yield (31.45 t ha-1), and bulblet yield (16.01 t ha-1) were found from P2G2 combination whereas the lowest no. of spike ha-1 (189.60 thousand), bulb yield (14.57 t ha-1) and bulblet yield (9.05 t ha-1) was found from the control treatment combination of P0G0. In terms of economic analysis, the highest gross return (Tk. 471550), net return (Tk. 289337) and BCR (2.59) were also obtained from P2G2 whereas the lowest gross return (Tk. 227470), net return (Tk. 57703) and BCR (1.34) was obtained from P0G0. From the above results, it can be stated that that the P application @ 85 kg P2O5 ha-1 and GA3 application @ 145 ppm can be considered for higher yield and economic return in commercial cultivation of tuberose.
Effect of Mulches Types Use and Chicken Manure Doses to Growth and Yield of Shallot
Authors: Dwipa Indra , . Warnita , Savitri Yanni 
Published: June 2020

Aims: The research aimed to study the interaction of mulch types and chicken manure doses to growth and yield of shallot.
Study Design: Factorial design in completely randomized design with 2 factors.
Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted in Panai Pasir Talang, Muaralabuh, South Solok Regency, West Sumatera, Indonesia from December 2018 to February 2019. The altitude of research site was 430 meter above sea level (asl).
Methodology: Factorial design in completely randomized design with 2 factors was used in the research. First factor was much types (black plastic, silver plastic mulch and rice straw mulch). The second factor was chicken manure dose (10 ton/ha, 20 ton/ha and 30 ton/ha). The data was analyzed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test in 5%.
Results: The result showed that there was no effect of the interaction between mulch types use and chicken manure doses on growth and yield of shallot. For single factor, the black plastic mulch was the best treatment for fresh tuber weight per hectare (11.74 ton/ha). 20 ton/ha of chicken manure dose affected the plant height, number of leaves, fresh tuber weight per hectare and dry weight per hectare.
Conclusion: There was no treatment can be conducted for increasing the growth of shallot.
Evaluation of Bio-efficacy and Phytotoxicity of Noval Fungicides against Purple Blotch of Onion
Authors: Ravikumar M. R. , Harish D. K. , Kumara B. H. , Kumar Amarendra 
Published: June 2020

An experiment for the management of purple blotch of onion (Allium cepa L.) caused by Alternaria porri (Ellis) was carried out in Hanumanamatti research farm, College of Agriculture, Hanumanamatti, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, during 2017-18 and 2018-19. There were three fungicides combinations tested in vivo, i.e. Fluxapyroxad 250 g/L + Pyraclostrobin 250 g/L 500 SC at 75, 100 and 125 a.i, along with individual molecules Pyraclostrobin 20% WG at 100 a.i, Fluxapyroxad 300 g/L SC at 62.5 a.i and Difenconozole 25% EC at 25 g a.i/100 litre of water and Mancozeb 75% WP 1125-1500 g against the purple blotch disease of onion. Out of the seven different fungicides combination or individual molecules, application of Fluxapyroxad 250 g/L + Pyraclostrobin 250 g/L 500 SC @ 200 mL/ha has significantly decreased the purple blotch of onion disease. Fluxapyroxad 250 g/L + Pyraclostrobin 250 g/L 500 SC @150 mL/ha was found safer to onion crop without causing any type of phytotoxicity effect.
Air Pollution Tolerance Indices of Vegetables around Abattoirs within Uyo Municipality, Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Authors: Dan Emmanuel Udo , Ebong Godwin Asukwo , Udo Uwemedimo Emmanuel 
Published: June 2020

Four common biochemical constituents of some vegetable leaves sourced from some abattoir waste – impacted soils and a Control within Uyo Metropolis in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria were assessed for their air pollution tolerance capacities using standard analytical protocols. Results indicated varied amounts of biochemical constituents in studied leaves with respect to the different abattoir soils with some constituents showing direct relationship with another. Biochemical constituents analyzed were higher in leaves from the Control soil than in the leaves from the studied abattoir soils except for relative water content. Tolerance levels of the leaves based on Thakar’s and Padmavathi’s categorizations revealed varied tolerance capacities of the tested leaves towards air pollution. Correlation analysis of the biochemical constituents of the studied leaves using Pearsons’ correlation analysis showed variable relationships.
Studies on Microbial Contamination of Cut and Exposed Onions
Authors: Agi V. N. , Aleru C. P. , Agba P. C. 
Published: June 2020

Onions (Allium cepa), a vegetable plant is consumed globally for its culinary and medicinal importance. Despite the various health benefits ascribed to onions, several rumours have been spread, especially on the online media as regards its ability to act as a sponge absorbing microorganisms from the atmosphere, once cut open and left exposed in the atmosphere.
This research work involved the exposure of the half portion of an onion at different sites, while culturing the other half immediately without exposure, to serve as a control. Thirty healthy and fresh onion samples were exposed, and the sites of exposure include: living rooms, public conveniences, kitchens, fridge, freezer, and bole joints (roasted plantain eatery).
After inoculation and identification of the cultured microorganisms, Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus sp., Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., yeast and Aspergillus sp., were isolated with Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Staphylococcus sp. having the highest number of occurrence of 40% having been isolated from twelve test samples each. B. cereus had a percentage occurrence of 30%, having been isolated from nine test samples. E. coli had a 10% occurrence having been isolated from three test samples, while Enterobacter sp. had the lowest rate of occurrence having been isolated in just one test sample. For the fungi isolates, Aspergillus sp. had a percentage occurrence of 76.6% having been isolated in twenty three test samples, while yeast had a percentage occurrence of 66.6%, having been isolated in twenty test samples.
The isolated organisms were all pathogenic organisms, and some such as Staphylococcus sp. and Bacillus sp. have been implicated in causing food poisoning. Some other organisms isolated have also been implicated in the spoilage of onions. It is therefore recommended that users of onions should reduce to the barest minimum the tendency to consume raw cut onion sample.
The Evolution of Access to Speech Therapy Services in American Schools
Authors: Bradburn Christina , Gill Cindy 
Published: June 2020

Aim: To trace the historic changes, track the progress, and examine the laws that have resulted in access to speech-language therapy for American school children.
Rationale: Examination of the outcome of these changes will help future speech-language pathologists make optimal decisions for school children in the future.
Summary: Over the last hundred years, dramatic changes have taken place in service delivery for children with speech/language disorders and other disabilities. The evolution of laws, the shifting mindset toward children with handicaps, and the development of the profession of speech-language pathology have ensured that students with disabilities who are in need of speech and language services are eligible to receive them in the schools. There are still difficulties and differences of opinion as to what makes a child eligible for speech therapy services and how service should be delivered. However, the progression that has occurred thus far has resulted in remarkable changes in speech-language therapy in schools in the United States. Examination of the successes and failures during this one-hundred year journey should serve as a roadmap for the future direction of the profession of speech-language pathology as it is employed in the schools.
Low-dimensional de Sitter quantum gravity
Authors: Cotler Jordan , Jensen Kristan , Maloney Alexander 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

We study aspects of Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) quantum gravity in two-dimensional nearly de Sitter (dS) spacetime, as well as pure de Sitter quantum gravity in three dimensions. These are each theories of boundary modes, which include a reparameterization field on each connected component of the boundary as well as topological degrees of freedom. In two dimensions, the boundary theory is closely related to the Schwarzian path integral, and in three dimensions to the quantization of coadjoint orbits of the Virasoro group. Using these boundary theories we compute loop corrections to the wavefunction of the universe, and investigate gravitational contributions to scattering.
Along the way, we show that JT gravity in dS2 is an analytic continuation of JT gravity in Euclidean AdS2, and that pure gravity in dS3 is a continuation of pure gravity in Euclidean AdS3. We define a genus expansion for de Sitter JT gravity by summing over higher genus generalizations of surfaces used in the Hartle-Hawking construction. Assuming a conjecture regarding the volumes of moduli spaces of such surfaces, we find that the de Sitter genus expansion is the continuation of the recently discovered AdS genus expansion. Then both may be understood as coming from the genus expansion of the same double-scaled matrix model, which would provide a non-perturbative completion of de Sitter JT gravity.
Association mapping of malting quality traits in UK spring and winter barley cultivar collections
Authors: Looseley Mark E. , Ramsay Luke , Bull Hazel , Swanston J. Stuart , Shaw Paul D. , Macaulay Malcolm , Booth Allan , Russell Joanne R. , Waugh Robbie ,   the IMPROMALT Consortium, Thomas William T. B. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Key message
Historical malting quality data was collated from UK national and recommended list trial data and used in a GWAS. 25 QTL were identified, with the majority from spring barley cultivar sets.

Abstract
In Europe, the most economically significant use of barley is the production of malt for use in the brewing and distilling industries. As such, selection for traits related to malting quality is of great commercial interest. In order to study the genetic basis of variation for malting quality traits in UK cultivars, a historical set of trial data was collated from national and recommended list trials from the period 1988 to 2016. This data was used to estimate variety means for 20 quality related traits in 451 spring barley cultivars, and 407 winter cultivars. Genotypes for these cultivars were generated using iSelect 9k and 50k genotyping platforms, and a genome wide association scan performed to identify malting quality quantitative trait loci (QTL). 24 QTL were identified in spring barley cultivars, and 2 from the winter set. A number of these correspond to known malting quality related genes but the remainder represents novel genetic variation that is accessible to breeders for the genetic improvement of new cultivars.
Does acute stress influence the Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer effect? Implications for substance use disorders
Authors: Steins-Loeber Sabine , Lörsch Frank , van der Velde Caroline , Müller Astrid , Brand Matthias , Duka Theodora , Wolf Oliver T. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Rational
The ability of conditioned stimuli to affect instrumental responding is a robust finding from animal as well as human research and is assumed as a key factor regarding the development and maintenance of addictive behaviour.

Objectives
While it is well known that stress is an important factor for relapse after treatment, little is known about the impact of stress on conditioned substance-associated stimuli and their influence on instrumental responding.

Methods
We administered in the present study a Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer (PIT) paradigm with stimuli associated with smoking- and chocolate-related rewards using points in a token economy to light to moderate smokers who also indicated to like eating chocolate. After completion of the first two phases of the PIT paradigm (i.e. Pavlovian training and instrumental trainings), participants were randomly allocated to the socially evaluated cold pressor test or a control condition before the final phase of the PIT paradigm, the transfer phase, was administered.

Results
The presentation of a smoking-related stimulus enhanced instrumental responding for a smoking-related reward (i.e. ‘smoking-PIT’ effect) and presentation of a chocolate-related stimulus for a chocolate-related reward (i.e. ‘chocolate-PIT’ effect) in participants aware of the experimental contingencies as indicated by expectancy ratings. However, acute stress did not change (i.e. neither enhanced nor attenuated) the ‘smoking-PIT’ effect or the ‘chocolate-PIT’ effect, and no overall effect of acute stress on tobacco choice was observed in aware participants.

Conclusions
The established role of stress in addiction appears not to be driven by an augmenting effect on the ability of drug stimuli to promote drug-seeking.