bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Occurrence of Adult Carabid Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in West-Central Illinois
Authors: McCravy Kenneth W. , Willand Jason E. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Carabidae is a diverse family of beetles with many species of interest in conservation and biological control. Carabid beetle adult seasonal activity patterns were studied in a west-central Illinois forest/reconstructed tallgrass prairie matrix over a 2-yr period using pitfall traps. We found a threefold or greater difference in carabid abundance between years. Despite lower abundance, a second year of sampling yielded seven previously undetected species. Abundance and species richness were greatest in May–July and lower in August–October. Relative abundance and species richness were consistent among months between years. Shannon diversity and effective number of species were lowest in June and July. Cyclotrachelus sodalis (LeConte) and Chlaenius platyderus Chaudoir were the two most abundant species, comprising 54.3% of total captures. These species were most abundant in July and June, respectively. Most species showed greatest abundance in spring or early summer, and declined thereafter. Collections of several species were suggestive of bimodal seasonal patterns. Carabid species composition differed significantly among months, but not between years. Our results document seasonal variation in carabid abundance and species composition, and show that sampling throughout the growing season, and multiple sampling years, provide substantial benefits for assessments of carabid diversity in this region.
A New Computer-Aided Detection System for Pulmonary Nodule in CT Scan Images of Cancerous Patients
Authors: Mazarzadeh Seyed Soheil , Masoumi Hassan , Rafiee Ali 
Published: July 2020

Introduction: In the lung cancers, a computer-aided detection system that is capable of detecting very small glands in high volume of CT images is very useful.This study provided a novelsystem for detection of pulmonary nodules in CT image.
Methods: In a case-control study, CT scans of the chest of 20 patients referred to Yazd Social Security Hospital were examined. In the two-dimensional and three-dimensional feature analysis algorithm, which were suspicious areas of pulmonary nodules and automatic diagnosis for evaluation, and the area segmentation results by active contour model, were compared with the results of the donation by the physician. Finally, to categorize the areas into two groups of cancerous and non-cancerous helping the MATLAB software Ver. 2014 b using Support Vector Machine (SVM) with three linear kernels, cubic polynomial and a kernel of the radial base function and repeated measurements test were analyzed at level of P≤0.05.
Results: The mean error for 10 cancer patients and 10 healthy individuals was 0.023 and 0.453, respectively and the best results were obtained using the RBF (Radial Basis Function) kernel algorithm and the σ = 0.28 parameter for it. Using the local area-based active contour model, the zoning time was reduced from 18.66 to 5 seconds on average and the calculated distances were calculated to be less than or equal to 0.75 mm; which indicates an increase in the speed of identification of high-precision pulmonary nodules.
Conclusion: In the proposed algorithm, the amount of false positive error and the time of identifying the nodules were significantly reduced and all areas suspected of being cancerous were identified with high accuracy and speed.
“Doing Magic With Very Little”: Barriers to Ghanaian Midwives' Ability to Provide Quality Maternal and Neonatal Care
Authors: Ismaila Yakubu , Bayes Sara , Geraghty Sadie 
Published: July 2020

PURPOSEThis study identified barriers that affected Ghanaian midwives' ability to provide quality care to prevent maternal and neonatal mortality.DESIGNGlaserian Grounded Theory was the framework of this study. Interviews were conducted with 33 participants from 10 facilities in seven districts in one region in southern Ghana.FINDINGSMidwives are committed to do their best to provide quality care to women and newborns. Barriers to their care included a lack of resources of care, unsupportive facility management, and client related barriers.CONCLUSIONSMeasures to reduce barriers for midwives to provide quality care must improve health financing at a national and facility level; the encouragement of supportive supervision and management at a facility level; and actions to enhance midwife engagement with clients and communities.
Expressions of Spirituality and States of Consciousness in Brazilian Postpartum Mothers: A Convergent Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: de Lima e Silva Leonardo Xavier , MacDonald Douglas A. , Simões Mario P. , Ferreira Aurino Lima , de Lima Luiziane Souza Vasconcelos 
Published: July 2020

PURPOSEThe purpose of this study was to examine the how different aspects of the birthing environment were associated with a parturient's states of consciousness, spirituality, and satisfaction with the childbirth experience.DESIGNThe study utilized a convergent mixed methods research design involving both quantitative and qualitative components with convenience sampling. In total, 276 Brazilian postpartum women completed a states of consciousness mini-test and the Expressions of Spirituality Inventory—Revised. A small subsample of women who gave birth in different settings were also interviewed. Quantitative data were examined using descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and analysis of variance and covariance. Qualitative interview data were thematically analyzed.MAJOR FINDINGSHome birth and the absence of a physician were associated with a higher occurrence of favorable non-ordinary states and satisfaction with childbirth. Spiritually-inclusive birth preparation was found to be associated with most spirituality and states of consciousness variables and more than childbirth satisfaction.MAIN CONCLUSIONNon-ordinary states emerged from a parturient's sense of security with their surroundings and from preparation for childbirth. Spiritual experiences were related to pre-existing spiritual beliefs and practices.
PERBEDAAN PERAWATAN TALI PUSAT TERBUKA DAN KASA KERING DENGAN LAMA PELEPASAN TALI PUSAT PADA BAYI BARU LAHIR
Authors: Reni Dian Puspita , Nur Fadhilah TIa , Cahyanto Erindra Budi , Nugraheni Angesti 
Published: July 2020

<p><strong>Latar Belakang</strong>: Perawatan tali pusat adalah kegiatan merawat tali pusat bayi setelah tali pusat dipotong sampai sebelum lepas. Teknik perawatan yang salah dapat mempengaruhi lama pelepasan tali pusat hingga infeksi tetanus neonatorum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan perawatan tali pusat terbuka dan kasa kering dengan lama pelepasan tali pusat pada bayi baru lahir.</p><p><strong>Metode</strong>: Jenis penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan <em>cohort</em>. Teknik pengambilan sampel <em>purposive sampling</em>. Besar sampel 80 bayi yaitu 40 bayi kelompok kasus dilaksanakan di Puskesmas Gajahan dan 40 responden kelompok kontrol dilaksanakan di Rumah Sakit Amanah Ibu dan Anak yang memenuhi kriteria retriksi. Perawatan tali pusat sebagai variabel bebas dan lama pelepasan tali pusat sebagai variabel terikat. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi dan rekam medik responden. Teknik analisis data menggunakan <em>Chi-Square</em>.</p><p><strong>Hasil</strong>: Responden kelompok kasus berjumlah 40 bayi dengan lama pelepasan tali pusat 1-7 hari sebanyak 31 bayi dan 9 bayi yang &gt;7 hari.<strong> </strong>Responden kelompok kontrol berjumlah 40 bayi dengan lama pelepasan tali pusatnya 1-7 hari sebanyak 38 bayi dan 2 bayi yang &gt;7 hari. ρ<sub>value</sub> (0.023) &lt; α (0.05) maka Ha diterima.</p><p><strong>Simpulan</strong>: Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara perawatan tali pusat terbuka dan kasa kering dengan lama pelepasan tali pusat pada bayi baru lahir.</p>
MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN IBU BALITA TENTANG MP-ASI DI KELURAHAN WONOREJO KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR
Authors: Yunita Fresthy Astrika , Hardiningsih Hardiningsih , Yuneta Agus Eka Nurma 
Published: July 2020

<p><strong>Latar belakang:</strong> Lima tahun pertama usia emas seorang anak (Golden Age) adalah masa yang sangat menentukan. Makanan pendamping ASI perlu di berikan balita usia 6 bulan, ASI bagi bayi tidak lagi mencukupi kebutuhan energi untuk tumbuh dan berkembang, tetapi selama pemberian makanan tambahan pada bayi ASI tetap di berikan pada balita. Masalah kesehatan dan sosial yang dihadapi Indonesia adalah rendahnya status gizi masyarakat Status Gizi balita menurut Rikesdas 2013 adalah 5,7% gizi buruk dan 13,9 % gizi kurang. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk melaksanakan model pemberdayaan pada Ibu Balita tentang MP ASI di Kelurahan Wonorejo sehingga diharapkan ibu balita mampu mengembangkan pola asuh tentang pengetahuan Makanan Pendamping ASI.</p><p><strong>Subjek dan Metode:</strong> Model pemberdayaan ibu balita tentang MP ASI ini dilakukan melalui koordinasi Bidan Koordinator di PKD kelurahan Wonorejo, kader dan personil yang terlibat dalam kegiatan posyandu untuk selanjutnya melakukan penyuluhan kepada ibu balita.</p><p><strong>Hasil:</strong> Hasil pengabdian adalah telah dilaksanakan pemberdayaan MP ASI pada ibu balita di kelurahan wonorejo. Ibu balita mendapatkan pengetahuan tentang MP ASI dan beberapa contoh pengolahan menu MP ASI yang dapat diterapkan dirumah.</p><p><strong>Kesimpulan:</strong> Diharapkan balita mendapatkan gizi yang cukup dengan penerapan MP ASI sesuai dengan tahapannya sehingga proses tumbuh kembang berjalan dengan baik dan normal sesuai perkembangan umurnya.</p>
Building a Reference Transcriptome for the Hexaploid Hard Fescue Turfgrass (Festuca brevipila) Using a Combination of PacBio Isoseq and Illumina Sequencing
Authors: Qiu Yinjie , Yang Ya , Hirsch Cory D. , Watkins Eric 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Hard fescue (Festuca brevipila Tracey, 2n=6x=42) is a cool season turfgrass with a fine leaf texture that performs well under low-input management. Breeding and genetics studies of F. brevipila have been limited due to the complexity of its hexaploid genome. To advance our knowledge of F. brevipila genomics, we used PacBio isoform sequencing to develop a reference transcriptome for this species. Results: Here, we report the F. brevipila reference transcriptome generated from root, crown, leaf, and inflorescence tissues. We obtained 59,510 full-length transcripts, of which 38,556 were non-redundant full-length transcripts. The longest and shortest transcripts were 11,487 and 58 bp, respectively. Distribution of synonymous distances among paralogs within F. brevipila suggested highly similar subgenomes that are difficult to distinguish from sequencing errors. To evaluate the phylogenetic relationships among F. brevipila and close relatives, we sequenced three additional transcriptomes using closely related species on an Illumina platform. The results of our phylotranscriptomic analysis supported the close relationships among F. brevipila (6x), Festuca ovina (4x), Festuca ovina subsp. ovina (2x), and Festuca valesiaca (2x), with high levels of discordance among gene trees. Conclusions: Overall, the F. brevipila PacBio Isoseq reference transcriptome provided the foundation for transcriptome studies and allowed breeders a resource for gene discovery in this important turfgrass species.
Neuroprotective effect of Indobufen against pyroptosis following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury both in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Zhang Tian , Xu Dan , Li Fengyang , Liu Rui , Hou Kai , Gou Xue , Liu Jia , Fang Weirong , Li Yunman 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Indobufen is a new generation of antiplatelet agents and has been shown to have antithrombotic effects in animal models. However, the efficacy of Indobufen on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and its mechanisms remain to be investigated. Methods: In this study, the efficacy of Indobufen with both pre- (5days) and post- (15days) treatment on rats suffering middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R, 2h of ischemia and 24h/15days of reperfusion) was investigated. Furthermore, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured and underwent oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury for in vitro studies. Relationship between Indobufen and pyroptosis associated NF-κB/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway was preliminarily discussed. Results: The pharmacodynamic tests revealed that Indobufen ameliorated I/R injury by decreasing the platelet aggregation, infarct size, brain edema and neurologic impairment in rats and rescuing cell apoptosis/pyroptosis in HUVECs. The underlying mechanisms were probably related to pyroptosis suppression by platelet inhibition induced regulation of the NF-κB/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway. Conclusion: Overall, these studies indicates that Indobufen exerts protective and therapeutic effects against I/R injury by pyroptosis suppression via downregulating NF-κB/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway.
Evaluation of the Bone Morphology Around Four Types of Porous Metal Implants Placed in Distal Femur of Ovariectomized Rats
Authors: Bondarenko Stanislav , Ashukina Nataliya , Maltseva Valentyna , Ivanov Gennadiy , Badnaoui Ahmed Amine , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: To compare structural features of femoral bone of ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized rats after implantation of porous materials (TANTALUM, CONCELOC, TTM, ATLANT).Methods: Experiments were carried out on 56 white laboratory female rats aged 6-months. Rats were randomly assigned into groups: Sham-operated control group (SH) or ovariectomy group (OVX). Four different commercial implant materials (TTM, CONCELOC, TANTALUM, ATLANT) were placed into the defects (diameter 2.5mm, depth 3.0mm) in the distal metaphysis of femurs. Rats were sacrificed 45-days after surgery. Histological study was performed and the percentage of bone area (BA%) around the implant at a distance of 500μm in the cancellous area was measured.Results: Formation of mature bone tissue of varying degrees around all of the implants was detected. In OVX rats cancellous bone defect zone was characterized by a high density of osteocytes on the surface. In the SH group, no differences in BA% among implant materials were found. In OVX rats the BA% around ATLANT implants was 1.5-time less (p=0.002) than around TANTALUM. The BA% around the rest of the materials was not statistically different.Conclusions: Bone formation around the studied porous titanium and tantalum materials in the osteoporosis model was lower than in normal bone. There were differences in bone formation around the different materials in the osteoporosis model, while in the normal bone model these differences were absent.
Apply Four Laboratory Characteristics to Classify Critical Patients With COVID-19 After Admission
Authors: guo anping , Kuang Zejian , Wang Ying , Luo Dongxue , Zheng Xiaoying , Yang Benjun , Yang Tian , Dai Jianwei , Wen Canhong , Tan Haizhu 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

The sudden outbreaking of COVID-19 worldwide has brought into sharp increased burden of economic and treatment in worldwide. All confirmed patients with different severity not only share the limited healthcare systems simultaneously but increase the risk of cross-infection among patients and health care workers. Hence, effective separation of critical COVID-19 patients from the common COVID-19 will be the key to success for ensuring critical patients to obtain treatment priorities and avoiding cross-infections in the hospital.
Methods:

A total of 105 patients with complete medical records were collected, including 84 blood samples of patients who confirmed in the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology at Anhui and 25 blood samples of patients in two hospitals at Shantou. Series of machine learning tools were introduced to explore and validate the most significant laboratory characteristics. Meanwhile, we compared it to three current popular assessment systems for pneumonia by using three methods, including the AUC index, NRI index and the net benefit.
Results:

We identified four significant potential laboratory characteristics for the classification of critical patients, including C-reactive protein, albumin, globulin, and sodium levels. The results also suggested the accurate and prediction efficacy of these selected indicators are the highest.
Conclusions

In conclusion, four easily available and low-cost laboratory characteristics appear to be import predictors of classification in critical patients after hospital admission. They guide therapeutic options and help clinicians make clinical decisions. Hence, we believe that such classification is essential for a more rational allocation scarce medical resource.
Kinetic Changes in Virology, Specific Antibody Response and Imaging During the Clinical Course of COVID-19: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Wang Qiu-jing , Yao Yan-zhen , Song Jun-shuai , Wang Qiao , Xu Li-yun , Bao Zhou-jun , Mao Dai-wen , Zhou Ji-hang , Zhang Zhe-en , Wang Yan , Li Yi-wei , Wang He-ping , Li Lue , Pan Hai-yan , Zhang Guo-qiang , Li Shi-bo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
To explore the kinetic changes in virology, specific antibody response and imaging during the clinical course of COVID-19.
Methods
This observational study enrolled 20 patients with COVID-19, who were hospitalized between January 20-April 6, 2020, in the two COVID-19 designated hospitals of Zhoushan, Zhejiang and Rushan, Shandong, China, The laboratory findings, imaging, serum response to viral infection, and viral RNA level in the throat and stool samples were assessed from onset to recovery phase in patients with COVID-19.
Results
SARS-COV-2 RNA was positive as early as day four. It remained positive until day 55 post-onset in the sputum-throat swabs and became negative in most cases (55%) within 14 days after onset. Lymphocytopenia occurred in 40% (8/20) of patients during the peak infection period and returned to normal at week five. The most severe inflammation in the lungs appeared in week 2 or 3 after onset, and this was completely absorbed between week 6 and 8 in 85.7% of patients. All patients had detectable antibodies to the receptor binding domain (RBD), and 95% of these patients had IgG to viral N proteins. The antibody titer peaked at week four. Anti-S IgM was positive in 7 of 20 patients after week three.
Conclusions
All COVID-19 patients in this cohort were self-limiting and recovered well though it may take as long as 6–8 weeks. Our findings on the kinetic changes in imaging, serum response to viral infection and viral RNA level may help understand pathogenesis and define clinical course of COVID-19.
Immediate reactions of newly-diagnosed HIV-positive persons to the initial news of being HIV-positive: Implications for public health
Authors: Owusu Adobea Yaa 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Ready acceptance of the first news of HIV-positive diagnosis is a known personal and public health safety-net. Its beneficial effects include prompt commencement and sustenance of HIV-positive treatment and care, better management of transmission risk, and disclosure of the HIV-positive status to significant others. Yet, no known study has explored this topic in Ghana; despite Ghana’s generalised HIV/AIDS infection rate. Existing studies have illuminated the effects of such reactions on affected significant others; not the infected.Methods: This paper studied qualitatively the initial reactions of 26 persons living with HIV/AIDS upon receiving the initial news of their diagnosis. Sample selection was combined purposive and random, from two hospitals in a district in Ghana heavily affected by HIV/AIDS. The paper applied the theory of hopelessness.Results: As expected, the vast majority of respondents reacted to the initial announcement of their HIV-positive infection with a myriad of negative psychosocial reactions, including thoughts of committing suicide. A few, however, received the news with resignation. For the vast majority of respondents, having comorbidities from AIDS prior to the diagnosis primarily shaped their initial reactions to it. This was followed by having/having had an HIV-positive spouse/partner, and exposure to health education on HIV/AIDS on TV particularly. Receiving counselling from healthcare workers mostly facilitated their transitioning to self-acceptance of their HIV-positive status.Conclusions: Although the first news of an HIV-positive diagnosis was immobilising to most respondents, the trauma faded, paving the way for beneficial public health actions. The findings do not wholly support earlier propositions of the theory of hopelessness. Rather, results indicate that both internal and external insecurities can trigger hopelessness in persons living with HIV/AIDS. The results imply the critical need for continuous education on HIV/AIDS by public health advocates, using mass media, particularly, TV. This should continuously emphasise the need for voluntary counseling and testing and the fact that once infected, prevention of further transmission, and immediate seeking and adhering to healthcare are important. These can prevent comorbidities and death from HIV infection. Healthcare workers in VCTs should empathise with persons who are informed of their HIV-positive status for the first time.
Differential Architecture Search in Deep Learning for DNA Splice Site Classification
Authors: Moosa Shabir , Amira Abbes , Boughorbel Sabri 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The data explosion caused by unprecedented advancements in the field of genomics is constantly challenging the conventional methods used in the interpretation of the human genome. The demand for robust algorithms over the recent years has brought huge success in the field of Deep Learning (DL) in solving many difficult tasks in image, speech and natural language processing by automating the manual process of architecture design. This has been fueled through the development of new DL architectures. Yet genomics possesses unique challenges as we expect DL to provide a super human intelligence that easily interprets a human genome.Methods: We adapted a differential architecture search method for the interpretation of biological sequences and applied it to the splice site recognition task on DNA sequences to discover new high-performance convolutional architectures in an automated manner. The discovered architecture was benchmarked on CPU and multiple GPU architectures in terms of computational time and classification performance.Results: Our experimental evaluation demonstrated that the discovered architecture outperformed fixed baseline architectures for classification of splice sites. The benchmarking experiments of execution time and precision on architecture search and evaluation process showed that they performed better on recently available GPU models.Conclusions: We applied differential architecture search mechanism to perform splice site classification on raw DNA sequences, and discovered new models with better performance than major baseline models. The results have shown a potential of using this automated architecture search mechanism for solving various problems in genomics domain.