bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implant removal using thermal necrosis—an in vitro pilot study
Authors: Kniha Kristian , Buhl Eva Miriam , Hermanns-Sachweh Benita , Al-Sibai Faruk , Bock Anna , Peters Florian , Hölzle Frank , Modabber Ali 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives
The purpose of this pilot porcine cadaver study was to evaluate the feasible temperature thresholds, which affect osteocyte viability and bone matrix in a preclinical setup, assessing the potential of thermal necrosis for implant removal for further in vivo investigations.

Materials and methods
After implant bed preparation in the upper and lower jaw, temperature effects on the bone were determined, using two tempering pistons with integrated thermocouples. To evaluate threshold temperature and time intervals leading to bone necrosis, one piston generated warm temperatures at 49 to 56 °C for 10 s and the other generated cold temperatures at 5 to 1 °C for 30 s. Effects were assessed by a semi-quantitative, histomorphometrical scoring system, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Results
The bone matrix was significantly degenerated starting at 51 °C for 10 s and 5 °C for 30 s. The osteocyte condition indicated significant bone damage beginning at cold temperatures of 2 °C. Temperature inputs starting at 53 °C led to decalcification and swollen mitochondria, which lost the structure of their inner cristae.

Conclusions
This study identified temperatures and durations, in both heat and cold, so that the number of samples may be kept low in further studies regarding temperature-induced bone necrosis. Levels of 51 °C for 10 s and 5 °C for 30 s have presented significant matrix degeneration.

Clinical relevance
Temperature thresholds, potentially leading to thermo-explantation of dental implants and other osseointegrated devices, were identified.
Incidence of cleft-related speech problems in children with an isolated cleft lip
Authors: Smarius B. J. A. , Haverkamp S. , de Wilde H. , van Wijck-Warnaar A. , Mink van der Molen A. B. , Breugem C. C. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objectives
Clinicians agree that children with isolated cleft lip have fewer cleft-associated problems than children with cleft lip and palate. Unfortunately, for isolated cleft lip children, the risk of cleft-associated problems is unknown and maybe underestimated. Often, these children do not get the required follow-up by a multidisciplinary team and thereby not the known benefits in supporting their development. This study examines the incidence of cleft-related speech problems and ear problems in children with isolated cleft lip.

Materials and methods
A prospective study was performed on all children born with an isolated cleft lip and treated at the Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital in Utrecht between January 2007 and April 2014. Data were collected for sex, date of birth, genetics, cleft lip type, date of cleft lip repair, type of repair, speech/language problems, and ear problems.

Results
This study included 75 patients (59% male). The mean age of the children at the moment of speech examination was 32.5 months (SD 6.1). Eighteen of the 75 children (24%) needed speech and language therapy; however, only one child (1.3%) had a cleft-related speech problem. Sixteen of the 75 patients (21%) reported a history of one or more episodes of acute otitis media (AOM)/otitis media with effusion (OME) during the first 6 years.

Conclusion/clinical relevance
This is the first prospective study analyzing the incidence of cleft-related speech problems in children with an isolated cleft lip. These children do not have a higher risk of cleft-related speech problems or AOM/OME when compared to the general population. However, children with an isolated cleft do have a higher incidence of speech therapy.
Pondering Privies: Construction, Use, Reuse, and Other Speculations About Cesspits in the Archaeological Record
Authors: Smith David 
Published: June 2020

AbstractShould cesspits be excavated and recorded in detail? In the UK, cesspits often are considered ‘mundane’ and frequently overlooked during excavation or only half-heartedly recorded. This paper explores the biography of cesspits—their construction, use, reuse, and closure/abandonment, as well as their archaeological investigation and interpretation. What does a cesspit look like? How might we better recognise cesspits archaeologically? By exploring modern NGO guidance and high-quality archaeological studies of cesspits and latrines, we can begin to understand something of the common biography of these features. Comparison between the approach to the excavation/recording of cesspits in the USA with that of the UK also may inform our collective approach to these features at any archaeological site. Perhaps our own assumptions and approaches to the archaeological interpretation of these features may be hindering our understanding of their significance as important records of status and societal behaviour? This paper will conclude by exploring the interpretation of cesspits from two different chronological periods in the UK, outlining entirely different approaches to quite similar data.
Evolution of the Mammalian Neck from Developmental, Morpho-Functional, and Paleontological Perspectives
Authors: Arnold Patrick 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe mammalian neck adopts a variety of postures during daily life and generates numerous head trajectories. Despite its functional diversity, the neck is constrained to seven cervical vertebrae in (almost) all mammals. Given this low number, an unexpectedly high degree of modularity of the mammalian neck has more recently been uncovered. This work aims to review neck modularity in mammals from a developmental, morpho-functional, and paleontological perspective and how high functional diversity evolved in the mammalian neck after the occurrence of meristic limitations. The fixed number of cervical vertebrae and the developmental modularity of the mammalian neck are closely linked to anterior Hox genes expression and strong developmental integration between the neck and other body regions. In addition, basic neck biomechanics promote morpho-functional modularity due to preferred motion axes in the cranio-cervical and cervico-thoracic junction. These developmental and biomechanical determinants result in the characteristic and highly conserved shape variation among the vertebrae that delimits morphological modules. The step-wise acquisition of these unique cervical traits can be traced in the fossil record. The increasing functional specialization of neck modules, however, did not evolve all at once but started much earlier in the upper than in the lower neck. Overall, the strongly conserved modularity in the mammalian neck represents an evolutionary trade-off between the meristic constraints and functional diversity. Although a morpho-functional partition of the neck is common among amniotes, the degree of modularity and the way neck disparity is realized is unique in mammals.
Building Community Partnership to Sustain the Minnesota Student Parent Support Initiative
Authors: Amenumey Sheila E. , Gardner Elizabeth A. , Linde Kathryn M. , Margolis Amy L. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Considerable attention has been given to the sustainability of adolescent health programs as federal funds have become limited. This article describes important steps and lessons learned in seeking buy-in from stakeholders to promote sustainability and secure non-federal funds to maintain the Minnesota Student Parent Support Initiative (MSPSI) after federal funding ended.

Description
MSPSI was established in 2010 to address the academic and health needs of expectant and parenting postsecondary students. MSPSI provided coordinated case management and referrals to health, education, and social services for expectant and parenting adolescents, as well as for their children, through Student Parent Centers (SPCs). Six important actions sustained the SPCs after the Office of Population Affairs (OPA) grant funds ended in November 2017: (1) preparing and planning for sustainability, (2) creating and engaging a sustainability committee, (3) assessing sustainability needs and creating a sustainability plan, (4) creating a data system to collect relevant data, (5) building capacity to support communication with decision makers, and (6) sharing data and success stories.

Assessment
The implementation of the sustainability plan resulted in ongoing communications and data sharing with key partners that helped secure additional funds for continuing the program after OPA funding ended.

Conclusion
Implementing the MSPSI sustainability plan developed from OPA’s sustainability framework was effective in sustaining the SPCs after federal funding ended. The sustainability planning, the ability to secure funds, the attempt at passing legislation, and the lessons shared in this article provide valuable guidance to organizations seeking strategies to sustain adolescent health programs.
Characterization of lauryl betaine foam in the Hele-Shaw cell at high foam qualities (80%–98%)
Authors: Syed Asad Hassan , Yekeen Nurudeen , Padmanabhan Eswaran , Idris Ahmad Kamal , Mohshim Dzeti Farhah 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLauryl betaine (LB) as an amphoteric surfactant carries both positive and negative charges and should be able to generate stable foam through electrostatic interaction with nanoparticles and co-surfactants. However, no previous attempts have been made to investigate the influence of nanoparticles and other co-surfactants on the stability and apparent viscosity of LB-stabilized foam. In this study, a thorough investigation on the influence of silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles, alpha olefin sulfonate (AOS) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), on foam stability and apparent viscosity was carried out. The experiments were conducted with the 2D Hele-Shaw cell at high foam qualities (80%–98%). Influence of AOS on the interaction between the LB foam and oil was also investigated. Results showed that the SiO2-LB foam apparent viscosity decreased with increasing surfactant concentration from 0.1 wt% to 0.3 wt%. 0.1 wt% SiO2 was the optimum concentration and increased the 0.1 wt% LB foam stability by 108.65% at 96% foam quality. In the presence of co-surfactants, the most stable foam, with the highest apparent viscosity, was generated by AOS/LB solution at a ratio of 9:1. The emulsified crude oil did not imbibe into AOS-LB foam lamellae. Instead, oil was redirected into the plateau borders where the accumulated oil drops delayed the rate of film thinning, bubble coalescence and coarsening.
Flexible development of location-based mobile augmented reality applications with AREA
Authors: Schickler Marc , Reichert Manfred , Geiger Philip , Winkler Jens , Funk Thomas , Weilbach Micha , Pryss Rüdiger 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMobile applications have garnered a lot of attention in the last years. The computational capabilities of mobile devices are the mainstay to develop completely new application types. The provision of augmented reality experiences on mobile devices paves one alley in this field. For example, in the automotive domain, augmented reality applications are used to experience, inter alia, the interior of a car by moving a mobile device around. The device’s camera then detects interior parts and shows additional information to the customer within the camera view. Another application type that is increasingly utilized is related to the combination of serious games with mobile augmented reality functions. Although the latter combination is promising for many scenarios, technically, it is a complex endeavor. In theAREA(Augmented Reality Engine Application) project, a kernel was implemented that enables location-based mobile augmented reality applications. Importantly, this kernel provides a flexible architecture that fosters the development of individual location-based mobile augmented reality applications. The work at hand shows the flexibility ofAREAbased on a developed serious game. Furthermore, the algorithm framework and major features of it are presented. As the conclusion of this paper, it is shown that mobile augmented reality applications require high development efforts. Therefore, flexible frameworks likeAREAare crucial to develop respective applications in a reasonable time.
Temporal variations in hydro-geochemistry and potential health risk assessment of groundwater from lithological diversity of semi-arid region, Western Gujarat, India
Authors: Shirke K. D. , Kadam Ajaykumar Krushna , Pawar N. J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe temporal changes in hydro-geochemistry of groundwater from lithological diversity of Amba Dongar area were assessed from human health risk point of view. In view of this, 104 samples were collected in post- (POM) and pre-monsoon (PRM) seasons to understand the ionic concentrations and seasonal variations in major cations and anions. Based on concentration of physicochemical parameters it is inferred that groundwater quality is good for drinking and most of the parameters are within allowable limit of the World Health Organisation (WHO). However, EC, TDS, Ca2+ and HCO3− exceed the desirable while NO3 and F content are found beyond the permissible limits. The results 33% and 15% samples for nitrate and 60% and 63% samples for fluoride in POM and PRM, respectively, are above permissible limits of WHO, indicating a high health risk to inhabitants. The Piper’s trilinear diagram depicts Ca2+–Mg2+ HCO3− as major water type in both the seasons and the plots diagram that the chemical rock weathering and rock–water interaction are responsible for modifying the groundwater chemistry. Further, the total hazard index indicates that children have higher risk than adults in both. Hence, antipollution filters and rainwater recharging structures are recommended as an action to be taken to lessen the health hazard.
Global Justice Index Report
Authors: Gu Yanfeng , Qin Xuan , Wang Zhongyuan , Zhang Chunman , Guo Sujian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe Global Justice Index is a multiyear research project conducted at the Fudan-IAS to conceptualize and measure each country’s contribution to achieve greater global justice. In this study, we intend to provide our first-year achievements with the ranking of nation states at the global level from 2010 to 2017. This study comprises four main sections. In the introduction, we discuss the development of the conceptual framework and evaluative principles to justify our selection of dimensions and indicators for measurement. Next, in the section of methodology, we discuss the production, normalization, and aggregation of the raw data and the generation of the final results. The following section is the main findings, and we present the results through various visualization tools and provide regional comparisons for further analysis. In the last section, we discuss the applications and limitations of the index, and its potential further research trajectories.
How does the global network of research collaboration affect the quality of innovation?
Authors: Iino Takashi , Inoue Hiroyasu , Saito Yukiko U. , Todo Yasuyuki 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study examines how research collaboration of firms affects the quality of their innovation outcomes using comprehensive patent data for firms in the world from 1991 to 2010. Identifying research collaboration by co-patenting relationships, we find that research collaboration with other firms, particularly with foreign firms, leads to substantial improvement in innovation quality. We also observe a positive effect of the brokerage in the global network, especially for firms with international collaboration links. These results are applicable to the effect on the quality of innovation achieved individually without any collaboration. Therefore, our findings emphasize the importance of links with a variety of partners, particularly with foreign partners to improve innovation performance. Finally, we find that the collaboration effect is larger in the 2000s than in the 1990s and varies depending on firm size and across countries.
Biologia Futura: rapid diversification and behavioural adaptation of birds in response to Oligocene–Miocene climatic conditions
Authors: Nagy Jenő 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOur knowledge about the origin of landbirds (Telluraves) is increasing rapidly but new questions are arising because of the contradictory findings from previous studies. All of the major lineages in the highly diverse clade of Neoaves have a Gondwanan origin, although studies often disagree about the origin of different sub-lineages. Nevertheless, understanding the biogeographical histories of these groups (e.g. Accipitriformes, Passeriformes) is important when studying the evolution of variation in life history and behavioural traits. Therefore, we would like to find answers to questions such as which biogeographic changes affected the radiation of birds? When did the most influential climatic events affect the diversification of birds? What behavioural adaptations occurred in response to those large-scale changes? The major orogenetic events in Asia and South America formed specific corridors that enabled the radiation of birds. The climatic changes and habitat differentiation they caused during the Oligocene–Miocene era made the divergence of birds possible through their adaptation to newly available niches. Consequently, variation in life history and behavioural traits emerged as adaptive outcomes of changes in foraging, nestling and migratory behaviours.
Beaver (Castor fiber) activity and spatial movement in response to light and weather conditions
Authors: Bartra Cabré Laura , Mayer Martin , Steyaert Sam , Rosell Frank 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAnimal behaviour can affect individual fitness and is influenced by exogenous and endogenous factors. Here, we investigated how light (daylight length and moonlight), weather (precipitation and temperature), age, sex and social status affected activity and movement of a semiaquatic mammal, the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber), using GPS relocation data from 47 individuals in south-eastern Norway. Independent of daylight length, beavers had a mean daily activity time of 9:42 h and reduced their activity periods when they were older, most likely due to senescence. In line with this, older individuals also spent less time in water and moved shorter distances. Furthermore, beavers reduced their activity periods in drier weather conditions and spent less time on land during brighter nights and drier conditions, indicating a predation risk avoidance strategy. Individuals spent less time in the water during the colder parts of the year and moved shorter distances with decreasing temperature, suggesting thermal constraints. Our study adds to the increasing amount of evidence that animal behaviour is modulated by various endogenous and exogenous factors, and that weather conditions can affect their behaviour. It remains to be tested, however, how climate variability together with hunting and predation pressure affect space use and demography in species such as the Eurasian beaver.
Double barreled wet colostomy. Case report and description of the surgical technique
Authors: Salgado-Cruz Luis Enrique , Espin-Basany Eloy , Chapa-Lobo Alberto Félix , Rangel-Ríos Hugo Antonio , Garza-Maldonado Ana Guadalupe , Ortiz de Elguea-Lizárraga José I. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPelvic exenteration has showed to be beneficial therapeutically and palliatively in locally advanced colorectal cancer. Reconstruction of urinary transit posterior to a cystectomy has always been challenging with many associated complications. We present a 58-year-old male with locally advanced rectal cancer in which a pelvic exenteration and a double-barreled wet colostomy (DBWC) was created for urinary reconstitution. We present the surgical technique of DBWC. DBWC is a good alternative to other urinary reconstructions because fecal and urinary derivation occurs in only one stoma, the stoma output is easier to manage, and fewer complications are seen compared to other urinary reconstructions. Long-term surveillance is mandatory in patients with a DBWC because there is an increased risk of neoplasm in the reservoir.
Readiness for First-In-Human Neuromodulatory Interventions
Authors: Coates McCall Iris , Minielly Nicole , Bethune Allison , Lipsman Nir , McDonald Patrick J. , Illes Judy 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT:Background:Novel neurointerventions present innovative therapeutic approaches to a range of treatment-refractory disorders. We sought to characterize factors that inform and define translational readiness for first-in-human (FIH) neuromodulatory trials.Methods:We used a two-part methodology involving a scoping review of the biomedical literature on the readiness of FIH trials for both neurological and non-neurological applications, and semi-structured interviews with stakeholders about decision-making for neuromodulation using magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound as a case example.Results:One hundred and thirty factors relevant to FIH readiness were identified in the scoping review. Trial design, adequacy of preclinical evidence, and risk were ubiquitous across biotechnologies. Target organ, target function, and inadequacy of animal models were dominant in the neurointervention literature. Interview results on the relative importance of these factors reveal divergent values, priorities, and understandings both between patients and clinicians and between patients affected by different conditions.Conclusion:Readiness of neurotechnology for FIH trials is defined by a multitude of interacting factors that pertain to clinical and nonclinical priorities, perceptions, and values.
Continuity of the SRB entropy of convex projective structures
Authors: FOULON PATRICK , KIM INKANG 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe space of convex projective structures has been well studied with respect to the topological entropy. But, to better understand the geometry of the structure, we study the entropy of the Sinai–Ruelle–Bowen measure and show that it is a continuous function on the space of strictly convex real projective structures.
The mining resource cycle and settlement demography in Malå, Northern Sweden
Authors: Carson Dean B. , Nilsson Lena Maria , Carson Doris A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResearch on the demographic impacts of mining in sparsely populated areas has focused primarily on relatively large towns. Less attention has been paid to smaller villages, which may experience different impacts because of their highly concentrated economies and their small populations, making them more vulnerable to demographic “boom and bust” effects. This paper examines demographic change in four small villages in northern Sweden, which are located close to several mining projects but have evolved through different degrees of integration with or separation from mining. Using a longitudinal “resource cycle” perspective, the demographic trajectories of the villages are compared to understand how different types of settlement and engagement with mining have led to different demographic outcomes in the long term. While the four villages experienced similar trajectories in terms of overall population growth and decline, their experiences in relation to more nuanced indicators, including age and gender distributions and population mobilities, were different, and potential reasons for this are discussed. Due to data limitations, however, the long-term demographic consequences of mining for local Sami people remain unclear. The paper problematises this research gap in light of general concerns about mining impacts on traditional Sami livelihoods.