bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complex variability of Kepler AGN revealed by recurrence analysis
Authors: Phillipson R A , Boyd P T , Smale A P , Vogeley M S 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
The advent of new time domain surveys and the imminent increase in astronomical data expose the shortcomings of traditional time series analysis (such as power spectra analysis) in characterizing the abundantly varied, complex, and stochastic light curves of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs). Recent applications of novel methods from non-linear dynamics have shown promise in characterizing higher modes of variability and time-scales in AGN. Recurrence analysis in particular can provide complementary information about characteristic time-scales revealed by other methods, as well as probe the nature of the underlying physics in these objects. Recurrence analysis was developed to study dynamical trajectories in phase space, which can be constructed from 1D time series such as light curves. We apply the methods of recurrence analysis to two optical light curves of Kepler-monitored AGN. We confirm the detection and period of an optical quasi-periodic oscillation in one AGN, and confirm multiple other time-scales recovered from other methods ranging from 5 to 60 d in both objects. We detect regions in the light curves that deviate from regularity, provide evidence of determinism and non-linearity in the mechanisms underlying one light curve (KIC 9650712), and determine realizations of a linear stochastic process describe the dominant variability in the other light curve (Zwicky 229–015). We discuss possible underlying processes driving the dynamics of the light curves and their diverse classes of variability.
The EBLM project – VII. Spin–orbit alignment for the circumbinary planet host EBLM J0608-59 A/TOI-1338 A
Authors: Kunovac Hodžić Vedad , Triaud Amaury H M J , Martin David V , Fabrycky Daniel C , Cegla Heather M , Collier Cameron Andrew , Gill Samuel , Hellier Coel , Kostov Veselin B , Maxted Pierre F L , Orosz Jerome A , Pepe Francesco , Pollacco Don , Queloz Didier , Ségransan Damien , Udry Stéphane , Welsh William F 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
A dozen short-period detached binaries are known to host transiting circumbinary planets. In all circumbinary systems so far, the planetary and binary orbits are aligned within a couple of degrees. However, the obliquity of the primary star, which is an important tracer of their formation, evolution, and tidal history, has only been measured in one circumbinary system until now. EBLM J0608-59/TOI-1338 is a low-mass eclipsing binary system with a recently discovered circumbinary planet identified by TESS. Here, we perform high-resolution spectroscopy during primary eclipse to measure the projected stellar obliquity of the primary component. The obliquity is low, and thus the primary star is aligned with the binary and planetary orbits with a projected spin–orbit angle β = 2${_{.}^{\circ}}$8 ± 17${_{.}^{\circ}}$1. The rotation period of 18.1 ± 1.6 d implied by our measurement of vsin i⋆ suggests that the primary has not yet pseudo-synchronized with the binary orbit, but is consistent with gyrochronology and weak tidal interaction with the binary companion. Our result, combined with the known coplanarity of the binary and planet orbits, is suggestive of formation from a single disc. Finally, we considered whether the spectrum of the faint secondary star could affect our measurements. We show through simulations that the effect is negligible for our system, but can lead to strong biases in vsin i⋆ and β for higher flux ratios. We encourage future studies in eclipse spectroscopy test the assumption of a dark secondary for flux ratios ≳1 ppt.
The Molecular Machinery of Gametogenesis inGeodiaDemosponges (Porifera): Evolutionary Origins of a Conserved Toolkit across Animals
Authors: Koutsouveli Vasiliki , Cárdenas Paco , Santodomingo Nadiezhda , Marina Anabel , Morato Esperanza , Rapp Hans Tore , Riesgo Ana 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAll animals are capable of undergoing gametogenesis. The ability of forming haploid cells from diploid cells through meiosis and recombination appeared early in eukaryotes, whereas further gamete differentiation is mostly a metazoan signature. Morphologically, the gametogenic process presents many similarities across animal taxa, but little is known about its conservation at the molecular level. Porifera are the earliest divergent animals and therefore are an ideal phylum to understand evolution of the gametogenic toolkits. Although sponge gametogenesis is well known at the histological level, the molecular toolkits for gamete production are largely unknown. Our goal was to identify the genes and their expression levels which regulate oogenesis and spermatogenesis in five gonochoristic and oviparous species of the genus Geodia, using both RNAseq and proteomic analyses. In the early stages of both female and male gametogenesis, genes involved in germ cell fate and cell-renewal were upregulated. Then, molecular signals involved in retinoic acid pathway could trigger the meiotic processes. During later stages of oogenesis, female sponges expressed genes involved in cell growth, vitellogenesis, and extracellular matrix reassembly, which are conserved elements of oocyte maturation in Metazoa. Likewise, in spermatogenesis, genes regulating the whole meiotic cycle, chromatin compaction, and flagellum axoneme formation, that are common across Metazoa were overexpressed in the sponges. Finally, molecular signals possibly related to sperm capacitation were identified during late stages of spermatogenesis for the first time in Porifera. In conclusion, the activated molecular toolkit during gametogenesis in sponges was remarkably similar to that deployed during gametogenesis in vertebrates.
Prone Positioning of Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Related to COVID-19: A Rehabilitation-Based Prone Team
Authors: Ng Jillian A , Miccile Lauren A , Iracheta Christine , Berndt Carolyn , Detwiller Meredith , Yuse Carolyn , Tolland Joseph 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objective
Prone positioning is an effective intervention for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). An increasing number of patients with ARDS related to coronavirus disease 2019 require prone positioning, which poses a challenge to the intensive care unit staff at Brigham and Women’s Hospital.

Methods
A prone team service of physical therapists and occupational therapists with critical care experience was established to assist with increasing demands for prone positioning of patients who were mechanically ventilated. The goals of the rehabilitation-based prone team were to provide support to nursing and respiratory therapy; create a consistent, efficient process; and ensure patient and staff safety.

Results
The service evolved over 7 weeks, expanding to 24-hour coverage and adding responsibilities to support the staff as patient volume grew. The volume of requests to the rehabilitation-based prone team generally increased to week 4 and has, since then, declined. Key points for successful implementation included identification of rehabilitation therapists with intensive care unit experience and leadership qualities, multidisciplinary collaboration, availability of needed positioning devices and supplies to protect the integument, and well-defined roles of all disciplines participating in position change process.

Conclusion
The description of the development, operations, evolution, and utilization of a rehabilitation therapist prone team acts as a guide for future development and implementation.

Impact
This case report is one of the first reports of a rehabilitation-based prone team established to assist with positioning patients in prone as an intervention for ARDS related to coronavirus disease 2019 and will help guide other institutions.
The COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance: evaluating the rapid design and implementation of an international registry against best practice
Authors: Liew Jean W , Bhana Suleman , Costello Wendy , Hausmann Jonathan S , Machado Pedro M , Robinson Philip C , Sirotich Emily , Sufka Paul , Wallace Zachary S , Yazdany Jinoos , Grainger Rebecca ,   for the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
As the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic developed there was a paucity of data relevant to people living with rheumatic disease. This led to the development of a global, online registry to meet these information needs. This manuscript provides a detailed description of the coronavirus disease 2019 Global Rheumatology Alliance registry development, governance structure, and data collection, and insights into new ways of rapidly establishing global research collaborations to meet urgent research needs.

Methods
We use previously published recommendations for best practices for registry implementation and describe the development of the Global Rheumatology Alliance registry in terms of these steps. We identify how and why these steps were adapted or modified. In Phase 1 of registry development, the purpose of the registry and key stakeholders were identified on online platforms, Twitter and Slack. Phase 2 consisted of protocol and data collection form development, team building and the implementation of governance and policies.

Results
All key steps of the registry development best practices framework were met, though with the need for adaptation in some areas. Outputs of the registry, two months after initial conception, are also described.

Conclusion
The Global Rheumatology Alliance registry will provide highly useful, timely data to inform clinical care and identify further research priorities for people with rheumatic disease with coronavirus disease 2019. The formation of an international team, easily able to function in online environments and resulting in rapid deployment of a registry is a model that can be adapted for other disease states and future global collaborations.
The Effect of Regulatory Constraints on Fund Performance: New Evidence from UCITS Hedge Funds*
Authors: Joenväärä Juha , Kosowski Robert 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article examines the effect of regulatory constraints on fund performance and risk by comparing conventional and UCITS hedge funds. Using a matching estimator approach, we estimate the indirect cost of UCITS regulation to be between 1.06% and 4.05% per annum in terms of risk-adjusted returns. These performance differences are likely to stem from UCITS constraints such as those governing eligible assets, diversification, and short selling, and cannot be explained by differences in redemption terms or level of leverage. We confirm that our performance results are not driven by management company characteristics, fund manager characteristics, or unobserved confounder bias.
Black Swan versus Broad Idea
Authors: Wise Dan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This article seeks to highlight and discuss certain recent developments in the availability of free-standing freezing orders in the British Virgin Islands (BVI), in aid of main proceedings onshore. It also raises certain serious practical consequences of this development and considers possible future legislative steps that may be taken in the BVI. Given the frequency with which BVI vehicles appear as holding or receiving entities in asset recovery litigation, this recent development will have a considerable impact onshore, especially as it comes after 10 years of the ability to obtain free-standing freezing orders in aid of litigation onshore.
Facilitating Multiple Medical-Surgical Nursing Practicum Groups During Simulation Laboratory Days
Authors: Hansen Jamie , Holz Megan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This novel approach incorporates the facilitation of multiple clinical groups through a weekly simulation laboratory day during a medical-surgical nursing practicum rotation. Using a combination of nursing skills education practice stations, along with simulation learning experiences, 93 students from 12 clinical groups were able to rotate through two high-fidelity simulation learning experiences and one new skill station each week throughout the semester.
Self-injectable epinephrine: doctors’ attitude and patients’ adherence in real-life
Authors: Carrillo-Martin Ismael , Caminati Marco , Tanno Luciana K. , Gonzalez-Estrada Alexei 
Published: July 2020

Purpose of review
Epinephrine is the only life-saving treatment of anaphylaxis. Prescription and administration rates of self-injectable epinephrine are generally low. It is unclear whether this is because of availability, low prescription rates, fear of using epinephrine, or a combination of these issues.

Recent findings
This review focuses on what self-injectable epinephrine devices (SIED), such as auto-injectors and prefilled syringes, are preferred by patients and healthcare professionals (HCP). Our findings suggest that a device's ease to use, proper and frequent training on its operability, and availability have an impact on preferences and adherence to treatment with SIEDs. After prescribing a patient with a SIED, clinicians should emphasize its use in anaphylaxis, educate patients/caregivers to identify anaphylaxis and on how to use the SIED, and encourage constant practicing with training devices.

Summary
Epinephrine is the sole recommended anaphylaxis treatment and SIEDs are of critical usefulness in the community setting. Further studying of these devices is needed to optimize education for HCPs and patients and their accessibility to SIEDs.
Comparison of Infrapatellar and Suprapatellar Approaches for Intramedullary Nail Fixation of Tibia Fractures
Authors: Metcalf Kathryn B. , Du Jerry Y. , Lapite Isaac O. , Wetzel Robert J. , Sontich John K. , Dachenhaus Elizabeth R. , Janes Jessica L. , Ochenjele George 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
To assess clinical, radiographic, and functional outcomes after intramedullary nail (IMN) fixation of tibia fractures with an infrapatellar approach compared to a suprapatellar approach.

Design:
Retrospective chart review.

Setting:
Level 1 trauma center.

Patients/Participants:
Two hundred four patients with 208 tibia fractures treated with intramedullary nailing between 2008 and 2018.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review of tibia fractures was conducted. The clinical and functional outcomes of tibia fractures treated with IMN were compared between groups treated with an infrapatellar approach versus a suprapatellar approach. Multivariate models were created to control for confounding demographic, comorbidity, and injury-related confounders.

Main Outcome Measurements:
Outcome measures included nonunion, malunion, and infection. Subjective functional patient outcomes were assessed using pain interference and physical function Patient-Reported Outcome Measurements Systems scores.

Results:
There were 101 patients treated with infrapatellar nailing (49%) and 107 patients treated with suprapatellar nailing (51%). On multivariate analysis, suprapatellar nailing was independently associated with decreased risk of malunion (adjusted odds ratio, 0.165; 95% confidence interval, 0.054–0.501; P = 0.001) and decreased risk of postoperative knee pain (adjusted odds ratio, 0.272; 95% confidence interval, 0.083–0.891; P = 0.032). There was no difference in the rate of nonunion (P = 0.44), infection (P = 0.45), or Patient-Reported Outcome Measurements Systems pain interference or physical function scores.

Conclusions:
Suprapatellar IMN fixation of tibial shaft fractures is independently associated with lower risk of malunion and postoperative knee pain compared to the infrapatellar approach. However, there are no functional differences between approaches.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Factors Related to Postoperative Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Lateral Femoral Condyle After Meniscal Surgery in Juvenile Patients With a Discoid Lateral Meniscus
Authors: Hashimoto Yusuke , Nishino Kazuya , Reid John B. , Yamasaki Shinya , Takigami Junsei , Tomihara Tomohiro , Takahashi Shinji , Shimada Nagakazu , Nakamura Hiroaki 
Published: July 2020

Purpose:
The purpose was to assess the incidence of postoperative osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) and the related epidemiologic factors following meniscal surgery for juvenile discoid lateral meniscus (DLM).

Methods:
The study was a retrospective review of 103 knees in 89 patients with a mean age of 12.1 years who underwent arthroscopic meniscal surgery for DLM. Mean follow-up was 4.2 years. The surgical procedures were either saucerization, saucerization with repair or subtotal meniscectomy, depending on the type of DLM tear. Postoperative OCD lesions were identified radiographically. Age, sex, weight, Lysholm score, Tegner activity scale, exercise frequency, and surgical procedure were compared between the postoperative OCD diagnosis group and non-OCD control group.

Results:
Postoperative OCD was diagnosed in 8/103 (7.8%) knees following DLM surgery. The incidence of postoperative OCD was significantly greater for patients age less than 10 years old, and male sex, low weight, Lysholm score, Tegner activity scale preinjury and after returning to sports, and exercise frequency per week on univariate analyses. On multivariate analyses, postoperative OCD occurred more commonly with subtotal meniscectomy than with saucerization or saucerization with repair, and in patients less than 11 years of age. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed a cutoff value of age at surgery of 10 years.

Conclusions:
Subtotal meniscectomy and patients younger than 10 years at the time of surgery are at greater risk for postoperative OCD. To decrease this risk, if possible, we recommend performing saucerization or saucerization with repair in patients undergoing surgery for DLM.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—retrospective comparative study.
Duration of Symptoms Does Not Affect Clinical Outcome After Lumbar Arthrodesis
Authors: Sayari Arash J. , Harada Garrett K. , Basques Bryce A. , Louie Philip K. , Gandhi Sapan D. , Banks Landan , Sung Audrey S. , Nolte Michael T. , Gosse Jessica , An Howard S. 
Published: July 2020

Study Design:
Retrospective cohort study at a single institution.

Objective:
To examine the effect of symptom duration on clinical outcomes after posterolateral lumbar fusion.

Summary of Background Data:
Nonoperative measures are generally exhausted before patients are indicated for surgical intervention, leaving patients with their symptomatology for varying lengths of time. It is unclear at what point in time surgical intervention may become less efficacious at alleviating preoperative symptoms.

Materials and Methods:
Consecutive patients who underwent primary elective open posterior lumbar spinal fusion at a single academic institution were included. Patient and operative characteristics were compared between symptom duration groups (group 1: <12 mo of pain, group 2: ≥12 mo of pain). Preoperative and final postoperative visual analog scale back/leg pain, and Oswestry Disability Index, were collected. Preoperative, immediate postoperative, and final radiographs were assessed to measure lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic tilt (PT), pelvic incidence (PI), and the PI-LL difference was calculated.

Results:
In total, 167 patients were included in group 1, whereas 359 patients were included in group 2. Baseline demographics and operative characteristics were similar between the 2 groups. Both groups had similar changes in sagittal parameters and had no significant difference in rates of complication, reoperation, discharge to rehabilitation facility, or early adjacent segment degeneration. Both groups demonstrated similar improvement in clinical outcome measures.

Conclusions:
Despite differences in symptom duration, patients who had pain for ≥12 months demonstrated similar improvement after posterolateral lumbar arthrodesis than those who had pain for <12 months. Extended effort of conservative treatments or delay of operative intervention does not appear to negatively impact the eventual outcome of surgery.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Possible Influence of Upper Blepharoplasty on Intraocular Pressure
Authors: Osaki Tammy H. , Osaki Midori H. , Ohkawara Lilian E. , Osaki Teissy , Gameiro Gustavo R. , Melo Luiz Alberto S. 
Published: July 2020

Purpose:
There is anecdotal evidence that upper blepharoplasty might lead to raised intraocular pressure (IOP). If this association is confirmed, then patients with glaucoma and glaucoma suspects could be at risk if they underwent this procedure with no appropriate follow up. Here, the authors aimed to determine whether there are significant changes in IOP after upper blepharoplasty.

Methods:
This prospective study evaluated the IOP at baseline and 1, 2, and 6 weeks after an upper blepharoplasty in individuals with mild to moderate dermatochalasis. Upper blepharoplasty might change the pressure exerted by the upper eyelid into the cornea, and this could affect the corneal surface and the IOP; thus, the corneal topography was also recorded before and at 6 weeks.

Results:
The IOP of 40 eyes was evaluated. The mean (±SD) preoperative IOP was 14.19 ± 2.12 mm Hg. A statistically significant increase in IOP was observed at 1 (15.15 ± 2.27 mm Hg, p = 0.009), 2 (15.57 ± 2.29 mm Hg, p < 0.0001), and 6 weeks (15.21 ± 2.60 mm Hg, p = 0.001) postoperatively. A statistically significant increase in steep K (preoperative: 44.66 ± 2.06, 6 weeks: 44.78 ± 2.28, p = 0.007) and corneal astigmatism was also observed (preoperative: 0.78 ± 0.43, 6 weeks: 0.89 ± 0.45, p = 0.006) at 6 weeks.

Conclusions:
Upper blepharoplasty resulted in a mild and statistically significant increase in intraocular pressure postoperatively. The authors’ results suggest that upper blepharoplasty should be carefully evaluated in glaucoma and glaucoma suspect patients.
Routine Early 68Ga-DOTATATE Positron Emission Tomography Has Low Yield After Resection of Appendiceal Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Authors: Chan David L. , Hoang Jeremy , Roach Paul J. , Arena Jennifer , Bailey Dale L. , Nevell David , Pavlakis Nick , Engel Alexander , Bernard Elizabeth J. 
Published: July 2020

Objectives
Appendiceal neuroendocrine neoplasms (appNEN) generally carry a low recurrence risk. 68Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography (DOTA PET) is increasingly used as it is more sensitive than cross-sectional imaging. We hypothesize that early DOTA PET is unlikely to detect recurrent disease in patients with low-risk resected appNEN because of the delayed pattern of recurrence.

Methods
Retrospective study (dual review) of patients undergoing DOTA PET 0 to 18 months after resected appNEN. The primary outcome was the proportion of scans demonstrating residual disease.

Results
Forty-one patients were included (median age, 29 years; 63% female), most with small, low-grade appNEN. No scans (0%) showed residual/distant disease. Eight (20%) of 41 scans showed indeterminate findings requiring follow-up. Five (12%) scans were recommended for follow-up with modalities other than DOTA PET (vertebra, 3; thyroid; bone, 1 each). Three (7%) were recommended for follow-up with DOTA PET (all with indeterminate abdominal uptake). These 3 patients had no recurrent disease on follow-up.

Conclusions
The 68Ga-DOTATATE PET is of no value when performed in the first 18 months after resected appNEN. Although 20% of scans showed indeterminate findings, more than half did not require repeat DOTA PET. Despite advantages over cross-sectional imaging, DOTA PET is not recommended in staging after completely resected appNEN.