bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pain Level of Postoperative Orthopedic Patients at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital
Authors: Wicaksono David , Herawati Lilik , Sulistyono Herdy 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Postoperative pain is the most undesirable consequence of the surgery. If it is not managed properly, it can lead to a long healing. However, assessment and treatment of postoperative pain in surgical wards still have not received attention. Differences in patient’s pain level after surgery and after being transferred to the surgical ward is very important in monitoring the effectiveness postoperative pain management. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the overview of pain level experienced by patients following orthopedic surgery and to know the individual factors that can affect the patient's pain level. Method and Material: This research was observational analytic with 43 orthopedic postoperative patients as a sample. The Patients’ pain level were measured by the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at one hour after surgery and 24 hours after surgery. Result and Discussion: The Pain level one hour after surgery varied between pain level 0 as much as 53% to pain level 8 as much as 4.7%. The results of measurements of pain 24 hours after surgery only 23.3% of the patients who did not complain of pain, and there was a patient who experienced pain level 10. The results of the statistical calculation, the difference between the level of pain one hour and 24 hours post-surgery obtained value of p=0.037 (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant difference between the pain level at one hour and 24 hours post-surgery. It might be due to the process of peripheral and central sensitization in patients with delayed pain management. It also may be influenced by individual factors as well as medical personnel.
The Effect of Basic Life Support (BLS) Training in The Knowledge and Skill Level of Community in Sidodadi Village, Lawang, Indonesia
Authors: Stella Maria Arni , Wulandari Prima Hapsari , Subianto Tantri Adhiatama Lukitaningrum , Jahari Farah Adiba Binti Mohamad , Aisyah Aida Nur , Mahmudah Isna , Sandjaja Steven , Prabowo Septian Dwi , Nuswantoro Djohar , Widodo Heri S 
Published: March 2020

Introduction: About 300.000 – 350.000 Indonesian people suffer from cardiac arrest each year. Basic Life Support (BLS) is the first immediate response needed by cardiac arrest people, especially the out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patient. BLS that given from public to OHCA could increase the survival rate up to 2 – 3x higher. Unfortunately, the Indonesian still did not know what is cardiac arrest, how to recognize it, and how to do BLS. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the effect of BLS training in the knowledge and skill level of community in Sidodadi Village, Lawang, Indonesia. Method and Material: This experiment used a quasi-experimental design with 102 of the random sampling of people age 20-40 in Sidodadi Village, Lawang, Indonesia. The sample was given pre-test and post-test knowledge questioner before and after joining BLS training. The sample’s skill was scored by an assistant doctor using a skill checklist. The data then analysed with a t-paired sample test, Wilcoxon sum rank test, and Pearson correlation. Result and Discussion: The score of women is higher than men both in pre-test and post-test, with the significance of p=0,039 for pre-test and p=0,001. 99% who joined BLS training have a significant increase in knowledge with p=0,001. Conclusion: The increase in knowledge and skill is correlated for an excellent and good level of the score, but not correlated in a bad level. About 99% of people who have joined BLS training have a significant increase in knowledge and skill. These trained people have the willingness to be a bystander for cardiac arrest people near them.
Analysis of the Nurse’s Behavior toward Helping a Patient with a Mental Health Problem: A Systematic Review
Authors: Darni Darni , Khadijah Siti , Sulaihah Sitti 
Published: March 2020

Background: Nurses have the role of helping in the healing process of patients through their knowledge, attitudes and actions. Several studies have shown that nurses frown when serving patients and this worsens the patient’s condition. The aim of this study was to analyze about nurse behavior towards people with mental disorder.Method: The articles were obtained from a search through the Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Proquest database.Result: Article searches began in 2014 until 2018 and found 8 article which match the inclusion criteria. After the articles were obtained, a study was then carried out up until the stage of making a systematic review.Conclusion: The behavioral interventions of the mental health nurse will improve and accelerate the recovery of the patients with mental disorders.
Identiﬁcation and application of piwi-interacting RNAs from seminal plasma exosome in Cynoglossus semilaevis
Authors: Zhang Bo , zhao Na , Jia Lei , Che Jinyuan , He Xiaoxu , Liu Kefeng , Bao baolong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Abstract
Background : Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have been linked to epigenetic and post-transcriptional gene silencing of retrotransposons in germ line cells, particularly in spermatogenesis. Exosomes are important mediators of vesicle transport, and the piRNAs in exosomes might play an important role in cell communication and signal pathway regulation. Moreover, exosomic piRNAs are promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis and physiological status indication. We used C. semilaevis because of its commercial value and its sexual dimorphism, particularly the sex reversed ''pseudo-males'' who have a female karyotype, produce sperm, and copulate with normal females to produce viable offspring.
Results : To determine whether piRNAs from fish germ line cells have similar features, seminal plasma exosomes from half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis , were identified, and their small RNAs were sequenced and analysed. We identiﬁed six signature piRNAs as biomarkers in seminal plasma exosomes from males and pseudo-male C. semilaevis . Bioinformatic analysis showed that all six signatures were sex-related, and four were DNA methylation-related and transposition-related piRNAs. Their expression proﬁles were veriﬁed using real-time quantitative PCR. The expression of the signature piRNAs was markedly higher in males than in pseudo-males. The signature piRNAs could be exploited as male-specific biomarkers in this fish.
Conclusions : These signatures provide an effective tool to explore the regulatory mechanism of sex development in C. semilaevis and may provide guidance for future research on the function of piRNAs in the generative mechanism of sex reversed ''pseudo-males'' in C. semilaevis .
Understanding factors influencing care seeking for sick children in Ebonyi and Kogi states, Nigeria
Authors: Dougherty Leanne , Gilroy Kate , Olayemi Abimbola , Ogesanmola Omitayo , Ogaga Felix , Nweze Chinwe , Banerjee Joya , Oduenyi Chioma , Pacqué Michel 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background : Nigeria has one of the highest child mortality rates in the world, with an estimated 750,000 deaths annually among children under age five. The majority of these deaths are due to pneumonia, malaria, or diarrhea. Many parents do not seek sick-child care from trained, biomedical providers, contributing to this high rate of mortality.
Methods : This qualitative study explores factors enabling or preventing parents from seeking care for sick under-five children in Nigeria’s Kogi and Ebonyi states, including gender-related roles and social norms. Interviews were conducted with parents of sick under-five children and service providers, and focus group discussions were held with community leaders to assess how care-seeking behavior was influenced by four modes from the Colvin et al conceptual framework for household decision-making and pathways to care. These include (1) caregivers’ recognition and response to illness, (2) seeking advice and negotiating access within the family, (3) making use of community-based treatment options, and (4) accessing biomedical services.
Results: Parents were found to have a general understanding of illness symptoms but did not always attribute illness to biomedical causes. Intra-household decision-making processes were shaped by gender dynamics between men and women, and were found to have great effects on decisions to seek care. Use of traditional medicine and self-treatment were found to be common first steps in treatment before turning to the biomedical care system. Once the decision to seek biomedical care was taken, the route of seeking care varied between seeking care at chemists and then continuing to health facilities or starting with a health facility and then accessing prescriptions from a chemist.
Conclusion: We conclude that care-seeking decisions do not follow a linear process; that intra-household decision-making processes particularly among parents should not be underestimated in addressing sick-child care seeking; and that, given the role of mothers as primary caregivers, their knowledge in illness recognition and agency in care-seeking decision-making, and seeking biomedical care, is deserving of future study.
The Correlation Analysis between the Oxford Classification of Chinese IgA Nephropathy Children and Renal Outcome -A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wu Heyan , Xia Zhengkun , Gao Chunlin , Zhang Pei , Yang Xiao , Wang Ren , Wang Meiqiu , Peng Yingchao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The 2016 Oxford Classification's MEST-C scoring system predicts outcomes in adults with IgA nephropathy, but it lacks large cohort validation in children with IgAN in China. We sought to verify that the MEST-C score can be used to predict the renal outcome of children with IgAN. Methods : A retrospective cohort analysis of data from 1243 Chinese children with IgAN who underwent renal biopsy in Jinling Hospital from January 2000 to December 2017.We studied the relationship between the Oxford Classification and renal outcome [a combined renal endpoint:50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) loss or end-stage renal disease (ESRD)]. Results :There were 29% of patients with mesangial proliferation (M1), 35% with endocapillary proliferation (E1),37% with segmental sclerosis/adhesion lesion (S1), 23% with moderate tubulointerstitial fibrosis (T1 26-50% of cortex scarred),4.3% with severe tubulointerstitial fibrosis (T2, >50% of cortex scarred),44% with crescent in< 25% of glomeruli(C1), and 4.6% with crescent in>25% of glomeruli(C2).During a median follow-up duration of 86.8 months,171children (14%) developed ESRD or 50% decline in renal function. An early diagnosis seems to be the major reason for a low frequency of chronic and severe lesions such as S,T and C lesions.In the multivariate Cox regression model, Only S( HR 2.7,95% CI ,1.8～4.2, P ＜0.001) and T lesions ( HR 6.6,95% CI ,3.9～11.3, P ＜0.001) were associated with the rate of eGFR loss in the whole cohort, whereas C lesion showed this association only in patients not treated with immunosuppression. Conclusions We found that S and T lesions were valid in predicting a renal outcome in Chinese IgAN Children.
Comprehensive analysis on phenotype and genetic basis of Chinese Fanconi anemia patients: dismal outcomes call for nationwide studies
Authors: Nie Daijing , Zhang Jing , Wang Fang , Zhang Wei , Liu Lili , Chen Xue , Zhang Yang , Cao Panxiang , Xiong Min , Wang Tong , Wu Ping , Ma Xiaoli , Tian Wenjun , Wang Mangju , Chen Kylan N. , Liu Hongxing 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Fanconi anemia (FA) is the most common inherited bone marrow failure (BMF) syndrome with 22 related genes identified. The ALDH2 rs671variant has been proved related to accelerate the progression of BMF in FA patients. The phenotype and genetic basis of Chinese FA patients have not been investigated yet. Methods: We analyzed the 22 FA-related genes of 63 BMF patients suspected to be FA.Clinical manifestations, morphological and cytogenetic feathers, ALDH2 genotypes, treatment, and outcomes of the definite cases were retrospectively studied. Results: A total of 21 patients were confirmed the diagnosis of FA with the median age of BMF onset was 4-year-old. The number of patients manifested as congenital malformations and growth retardation were 20/21 and 14/21, respectively. BM dysplasia and cytogenetic abnormalities were found in 13/20 and 8/19 patients. All the patients with abnormal karyotypes also manifested as BM dysplasia or had evident blasts. Thirty-five different mutations were identified involving six genes and including twenty novel mutations. FANCA mutations contributed to 66.67% of cases. Eight patients harboring ALDH2 -G/A genotype have a significantly younger age of BMF onset ( p =0.025). Within the 19 patients adhering to continuous follow-up, 15 patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCTs). During the 29 months of follow-up, 8/19 patients died, seven of which were HSCT-related, and one patient who did not receive HSCT died from severe infection. Conclusion: The phenotypic and genetic spectrum of Chinese FA patients is broad. Bone marrow dysplasia and cytogenetic abnormalities are prevalent and highly consistent. The overall outcome of HSCTs is disappointing. Nationwide multicenter studies are needed for the rarity and adverse outcome of this disease.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors of 47 cases with ruptured neuroblastoma in children
Authors: Qin Hong , Yang Shen , Cai Siyu , Ren Qinghua , Han Wei , Yang Wei , Cheng Haiyan , Ma Xiaoli , Wang Huanmin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Backgroud: Neuroblastoma (NB) tumor rupture is a rare oncology emergency with a poor prognosis. We aimed to evaluate patient clinical characteristics and risk factors for ruptured NB. Methods: A retrospective study of 47 patients with confirmed NB rupture between January 2009 and January 2019 at Beijing Children's Hospital was conducted. To identify tumor rupture risk factors in high-risk NB patients, we included 93 consecutive non-ruptured high-risk NB patients from January 2017 to January 2019. Results: The median age at presentation was 29 months (adrenal and retroperitoneum origin) for 47 ruptured NB patients. Spontaneous tumor rupture occurred in 22 cases; 18 cases occurred during or after the first chemotherapy cycle, and 7 occurred after core needle biopsy. Five patients died of tumor rupture, and 17 patients’ parents refused further antitumor therapy. Among the 25 remaining patients, 6 survived without disease, 5 received ongoing treatment and achieved stable disease, and 14 died. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, a maximum primary tumor diameter > 13.20 cm and MYCN gene amplification were independent risk factors for tumor rupture within high-risk NB. Conclusions: Tumor rupture is an uncommon, life-threatening event for NB patients; these patients are most likely to have poor outcomes due to tumor recurrence or rapid progression. Several treatment modalities, including symptomatic support therapy and chemotherapy, are important for saving lives and for developing NB risk-based treatment in the future.
Encephalopathy Following ingestion of Lead-Contaminated Opium; Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings
Authors: Haghighi-Morad Maryam , Zamani Nasim , Hassanian-Moghaddam Hossein , Shojaei Maziar 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Encephalopathy is an uncommon but serious presentation of lead toxicity. Objective We aimed to determine and follow-up the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormalities in the patients with lead encephalopathy due to ingestion of lead contaminated opium. Methods In a cross-sectional study during lead-contaminated opium outbreak, all lead-poisoned patients with any signs/symptoms of encephalopathy were included. Results Of 19 patients with lead encephalopathy, five died early and other five could not be sent to MRI during their hospitalization period. Mean age was 51±11 years and males were dominant (89%). Median [IQR] blood lead level (BLL) was 101 [81, 108] µg/dL (range; 50 to 200 µg/dL). There was no correlation between MRI findings and signs/symptoms. MRI was normal in six and abnormal in three. Bilateral symmetric involvement of parieto-occipital lobes was observed. Gray matter, gray-white matter junction, and subcortical white matter were also affected. Follow-up MRI was performed in two with abnormal MRI which showed complete and near complete resolution of the abnormalities after cessation of opium use and treatment. Conclusion: There was no correlation between MRI findings and BLL. Complete recovery of brain MRI lesions was detected after cessation of opium use.
Value of T1 Mapping on Gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for Microvascular Invasion of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Rao chenyi , Wang Xinquan , Li Minda , Zhou Guofeng , Gu Hongmei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the utility of non-invasive parameters derived from T1 mapping and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for predicting microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods: A total of 94 patients with single HCC undergoing partial hepatectomy was analyzed in this retrospective study. Preoperative T1 mapping and DWI on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI was performed. The parameters including precontrast, postcontrast and reduction rate of T1 relaxation time and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured for differentiating MVI-positive HCCs (n=38) from MVI-negative HCCs (n=56). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was analyzed to compare the diagnostic performance of the calculated parameters.Results: MVI-positive HCCs demonstrated a significantly lower reduction rate of T1 relaxation time than that of MVI-negative HCCs (39.4% vs 49.9, P<0.001). The areas under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were 0.587, 0.728, 0.824, 0,690 and 0.862 for the precontrast, postcontrast, reduction rate of T1 relaxation time, ADC and the combination of reduction rate and ADC, respectively. The cut-off value of the reduction rate and ADC calculated through maximal Youden index in ROC analyses was 44.9% and 1553.5 s/mm2. To achieve a better diagnostic performance, the criteria of combining the reduction rate lower than 44.9% and the ADC value lower than 1553.5 s/mm2 was proposed with a high specificity of 91.8% and accuracy of 80.9%.Conclusions: The proposed criteria of combining the reduction rate of T1 relaxation time lower than 44.9% and the ADC value lower than 1553.5 s/mm2 on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI holds promise for evaluating MVI status of HCC.
Relationships of Accelerometer-based Measured Objective Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour with Cognitive Function: A Comparative Cross-sectional Study of China’s Elderly Population
Authors: Wu Zhi jian , Wang Zhu ying , Hu Bing qian , Zhang Xu hui , Zhang Fan , Wang Hou lei , Li Fang hui 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study explored the effects of physical activity and sedentary behaviour on the decline of cognitive ability among the elderly. To compensate for the limitations of self-reported physical activity, objective measures were used. A cross-sectional survey of 308 aged people mean 68.66±5.377 years, in Nanjing, China, was conducted. Physical activity was measured using the ActiGraph GT3X+, and cognitive function was measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. The overall participant model, adjusted for age, BMI, education, and monthly average income, found that light physical activity (β=0.006, p<0.01), moderate-vigorous physical activity (β=0.068, p<0.001), and total physical activity (β=0.006, p<0.01) had a significant linear relationship with cognitive ability, while sedentary time did not (β=-0.020, p＞0.05). Further, light physical activity only affects the cognitive ability of elderly females (β=0.006, p<0.05). There was an inverted ‘U’ association between moderate-vigorous physical activity and cognitive ability. The association models found that moderate-vigorous physical activity in the 22.13 min·day –1 ～38.79 min·day –1 range affected cognitive ability most beneficially, with the highest beta coefficient among all groups (β=0.091, p<0.05). In conclusion, while physical activity can significantly improve cognitive ability among the elderly, sedentary behaviour is associated with decreased cognitive function across genders.
Porous gold nanoparticles for attenuating infectivity of influenza A virus
Authors: Kim Jinyoung , Yeom Minjoo , Lee Taeksu , Kim Hyun-Ouk , Na Woonsung , Kang Aram , Lim Jong-Woo , Park Geunseon , Park Chaewon , Song Daesub , Haam Seungjoo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

Influenza viruses (IVs) have become increasingly resistant to antiviral drugs that target neuraminidase and matrix protein 2 due to gene mutations that alter their drug-binding target protein regions. Consequently, almost all recent IV pandemics have exhibited resistance to commercial antiviral vaccines. To overcome this challenge, an antiviral target is needed that is effective regardless of genetic mutations.

Main body

In particular, hemagglutinin (HA), a highly conserved surface protein across many IV strains, could be an effective antiviral target as it mediates binding of IVs with host cell receptors, which is crucial for membrane fusion. HA has 6 disulfide bonds that can easily bind with the surfaces of gold nanoparticles. Herein, we fabricated porous gold nanoparticles (PoGNPs) via a surfactant-free emulsion method that exhibited strong affinity for disulfide bonds due to gold-thiol interactions, and provided extensive surface area for these interactions. A remarkable decrease in viral infectivity was demonstrated by increased cell viability results after exposing MDCK cells to various IV strains (H1N1, H3N2, and H9N2) treated with PoGNP. Most of all, the viability of MDCK cells infected with all IV strains increased to 96.8% after PoGNP treatment of the viruses compared to 33.9% cell viability with non-treated viruses. Intracellular viral RNA quantification by real-time RT-PCR also confirmed that PoGNP successfully inhibited viral membrane fusion by blocking the viral entry process through conformational deformation of HA.

Conclusion

We believe that the technique described herein can be further developed for PoGNP-utilized antiviral protection as well as metal nanoparticle-based therapy to treat viral infection. Additionally, facile detection of IAV can be achieved by developing PoGNP as a multiplatform for detection of the virus.