bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aktivierende Erwerbsminderungsrente? Zur Rückkehr auf den Arbeitsmarkt nach Erwerbsminderung
Authors: Brussig Martin , Drescher Susanne Eva , Kalina Thorsten 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Sicherung gegen Erwerbsminderung gehört zu den klassischen Aufgaben des Sozialstaates. Im deutschen Rentenrecht sind Erwerbsminderungsrenten grundsätzlich zu befristen. Darin drückt sich die Annahme aus, dass eine Erwerbsminderung im Regelfall nur vorübergehend währen würde. Durch die Reform des Erwerbsminderungsrechts 2001 wurde das Ziel der Rückkehr in Beschäftigung gestärkt. Der Beitrag untersucht, wie oft vor Vollendung des 60. Lebensjahres nach einer Erwerbsminderungsrente der Übergang in Beschäftigung gelingt und wem sie gelingt. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse auf Basis der Versichertenkontenstichprobe 2015 zeigen, dass 12,6 % der ehemaligen Erwerbsminderungsrentner_innen zwölf Monate nach dem Auslaufen der Rente wieder in Beschäftigung sind; weitere 8,7 % sind arbeitslos. Der überwiegende Anteil scheidet mit Vollendung des 60. Lebensjahres aus der Beobachtung aus; hier ist letztlich ein dauerhafter Rentenbezug sehr wahrscheinlich. Vor allem Jüngeren gelingt der Übergang in einen erwerbsnahen Zustand (beschäftigt oder arbeitslos). Auch nach dem Ende einer Erwerbsminderungsrente sind die Erwerbsverläufe oft instabil. Eine Wirkung aufgrund der Reform von 2001 ist nicht zu erkennen.
The Effect of Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass Surgery on Insulin Resistance and Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1c: a 2-Year Follow-up Study
Authors: Stenberg Erik , Rask Eva , Szabo Eva , Näslund Ingmar , Ottosson Johan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
Bariatric surgery improves insulin sensitivity and secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes, but the effect on patients with prediabetes or even normal glucose tolerance deserves further consideration.

Methods
Cohort study including patients operated with laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (LRYGB) between November 2012 and June 2017 at the Örebro University Hospital (n = 813) with follow-up of 742 patients 2 years after surgery. Fasting insulin, glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were analyzed at baseline and 2 years after surgery for patients with overt type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, or non-diabetes.

Results
Fasting insulin levels improved for all groups (diabetics baseline 25.5 mIU/L, IQR 17.5–38.0, 2 years 7.6 mIU/L, IQR 5.4–11.1, p < 0.001; prediabetics baseline 25.0 mIU/L, IQR 17.5–35.0, 2 years 6.7mIU/L, IQR 5.3–8.8, p < 0.001; non-diabetics baseline 20.0 mIU/L, IQR 14.0–30.0, 2 years 6.4 mIU/L, IQR 5.0–8.5, p < 0.001). HbA1c improved in all groups (diabetics baseline 56 mmol/mol, IQR 49–74 [7.3%, IQP 6.6–8.9], 2 years 38 mmol/mol, IQR 36–47 [5.6%, IQR 5.4–6.4], p < 0.001; prediabetics baseline 40 mmol/mol, IQR 39–42 [5.8%, IQR5.7–6.0], 2 years 36 mmol/mol, IQR 34–38 [5.5%, IQR 5.3–5.6], p < 0.001; non-diabetics baseline 35 mmol/mol, IQR 33–37 [5.4%, IQR 5.2–5.5]; 2 years 34 mmol/mol, IQR 31–36 [5.3%, IQR 5.0–5.4], p < 0.001). HOMA-IR improved in all groups (diabetics baseline 9.3 mmol/mol, IQR 5.4–12.9, 2 years 1.9 mmol/mol, IQR 1.4–2.7, p < 0.001; prediabetics baseline 7.0 mmol/mol, IQR 4.3–9.9, 2 years 1.6 mmol/mol, IQR 1.2–2.1, p < 0.001; non-diabetics 4.9 mmol/mol, IQR 3.4–7.3, 2 years 1.4 mmol/mol, IQR 1.1–1.9, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Insulin homeostasis and glucometabolic control improve in all patients after LRYGB, not only in diabetics but also in prediabetics and non-diabetic obese patients, and this improvement is sustained 2 years after surgery.
Ricci de Turck Flow on Singular Manifolds
Authors: Vertman Boris 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we prove local existence of a Ricci de Turck flow starting at a space with incomplete edge singularities and flowing for a short time within a class of incomplete edge manifolds. We derive regularity properties for the corresponding family of Riemannian metrics and discuss boundedness of the Ricci curvature along the flow. For Riemannian metrics that are sufficiently close to a flat incomplete edge metric, we prove long-time existence of the Ricci de Turck flow. Under certain conditions, our results yield existence of Ricci flow on spaces with incomplete edge singularities. The proof works by a careful analysis of the Lichnerowicz Laplacian and the Ricci de Turck flow equation.
Antifungal Activity of Several Vegetable Origin Household Waste Extracts Against Wood-Decaying Fungi In Vitro
Authors: Barbero-López Aitor 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this paper is to identify if vegetable origin household wastes (VHWs) can be used in wood preservative formulations.

Method
An antifungal activity test of the VHW hot water extracts against wood-decaying fungi in vitro was performed.

Results
Out of the 17 studied VHW extracts 14 showed some antifungal activity against at least one fungi. Extracts from banana, tangerine and watermelon peels and discarded onion peels inhibited fungal growth the most.

Conclusions
The results demonstrate that VHWs are a source of antifungal chemicals, which can be considered as an alternative or additive to present wood preservatives formulations.

Graphic Abstract
First In-Human Medical Imaging with a PASylated 89Zr-Labeled Anti-HER2 Fab-Fragment in a Patient with Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Richter Antonia , Knorr Karina , Schlapschy Martin , Robu Stephanie , Morath Volker , Mendler Claudia , Yen Hsi-Yu , Steiger Katja , Kiechle Marion , Weber Wolfgang , Skerra Arne , Schwaiger Markus 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
PASylation® offers the ability to systematically tune and optimize the pharmacokinetics of protein tracers for molecular imaging. Here we report the first clinical translation of a PASylated Fab fragment (89Zr∙Df-HER2-Fab-PAS200) for the molecular imaging of tumor-related HER2 expression.

Methods
A patient with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer received 37 MBq of 89Zr∙Df-HER2-Fab-PAS200 at a total mass dose of 70 μg. PET/CT was carried out 6, 24, and 45 h after injection, followed by image analysis of biodistribution, normal organ uptake, and lesion targeting.

Results
Images show a biodistribution typical for protein tracers, characterized by a prominent blood pool 6 h p.i., which decreased over time. Lesions were detectable as early as 24 h p.i. 89Zr∙Df-HER2-Fab-PAS200 was tolerated well.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that a PASylated Fab tracer shows appropriate blood clearance to allow sensitive visualization of small tumor lesions in a clinical setting.
The Importance of Genetic Factors in the Management of Spontaneous Pneumothorax
Authors: Matsumoto Kenki , Marciniak Stefan J. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Spontaneous pneumothoraces can be the presenting phenotype in a variety of different syndromic genetic conditions. Respiratory physicians therefore have the opportunity to diagnose and manage these patients early to prevent serious complications associated with these syndromes.

Recent Findings
The genetic syndromes that present with pneumothoraces can be split broadly between those resulting from defective extracellular matrix formation and those caused by defective tumour-suppressor pathways. When connective tissues are weakened, lifelong surveillance for arterial dilatation can be life-saving as surgical intervention is effective. Long-term aggressive treatment of blood pressure can also commence, although some controversy surrounds which drugs are most effective and precisely how these drugs modify disease progression. Rational treatments of syndromes in which tumour suppressor function is lost are being developed and, in some instances, can already be offered.

Summary
Careful clinical assessment of spontaneous pneumothorax may identify an underlying causal condition and facilitate life-saving intervention. Respiratory physicians must therefore be aware of these diseases and their diagnostic criteria.
Tourists’ use of Airbnb app for visiting a historical city
Authors: Nathan Robert Jeyakumar , Victor Vijay , Tan Melanie , Fekete-Farkas Maria 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAirbnb is a home-sharing mobile platform that enables tourists and local hosts to connect. Airbnb mobile app allows hosts to list down the space available for rent and allow tourists to look for accommodations that are often more localized. Historical cities are often engaging tourists using traditional hotel reservation methods such as phone reservations or booking by travel agents, however, given digital disruption more local businesses are adopting technology in their business. This motivated the current study to assess the rate of peer-to-peer technology pervasiveness in historical city tourism, particularly for hotel booking using Airbnb app. This research investigates the factors that predict tourists’ behavioural intention to use Airbnb app when they travel to the historical city of Malacca in Malaysia by adopting the Extended Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2) model and by critically evaluating the exhaustiveness of the theory to measure tourists’ use of a mobile app. Partial Least Square analysis was used to test the research model, construct path model and to validate research hypotheses. The results from a sample of 200 tourists who visited and stayed in Malacca show that price value and social influence have high significant positive influence on their behavioural intention to use Airbnb app when booking accommodation in the historical city. In contrast, hedonic motivation and habit were found not significant, potentially due to the short-term and occasion-specific usage of Airbnb app not forming enjoyment in the process of usage, which raises concerns on applicability and relevance of UTAUT2 theory to measure user adoption of a mobile app for tourism. A peculiar finding in the study is the significant negative influence of facilitating condition to behavioural intention, for which we explain a plausible cause in the paper.
RBC Membrane Camouflaged Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for Near-Infrared Photoacoustic Imaging and Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Zheng Dongye , Yu Peiwen , Wei Zuwu , Zhong Cheng , Wu Ming , Liu Xiaolong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Semiconducting conjugated polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) represent an emerging class of phototheranostic materials with great promise for cancer treatment. In this report, low-bandgap electron donor–acceptor (D–A)-conjugated SPNs with surface cloaked by red blood cell membrane (RBCM) are developed for highly effective photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy. The resulting RBCM-coated SPN (SPN@RBCM) displays remarkable near-infrared light absorption and good photostability, as well as high photothermal conversion efficiency for photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy. Particularly, due to the small size (< 5 nm), SPN@RBCM has the advantages of deep tumor penetration and rapid clearance from the body with no appreciable toxicity. The RBCM endows the SPNs with prolonged systematic circulation time, less reticuloendothelial system uptake and reduced immune-recognition, hence improving tumor accumulation after intravenous injection, which provides strong photoacoustic signals and exerts excellent photothermal therapeutic effects. Thus, this work provides a valuable paradigm for safe and highly efficient tumor photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy for further clinical translation.
Hierarchical Carbon Microtube@Nanotube Core–Shell Structure for High-Performance Oxygen Electrocatalysis and Zn–Air Battery
Authors: Xie Wenfu , Li Jianming , Song Yuke , Li Shijin , Li Jianbo , Shao Mingfei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractZinc–air batteries (ZABs) hold tremendous promise for clean and efficient energy storage with the merits of high theoretical energy density and environmental friendliness. However, the performance of practical ZABs is still unsatisfactory because of the inevitably decreased activity of electrocatalysts when assembly into a thick electrode with high mass loading. Herein, we report a hierarchical electrocatalyst based on carbon microtube@nanotube core–shell nanostructure (CMT@CNT), which demonstrates superior electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction and oxygen evolution reaction with a small potential gap of 0.678 V. Remarkably, when being employed as air–cathode in ZAB, the CMT@CNT presents an excellent performance with a high power density (160.6 mW cm−2), specific capacity (781.7 mAhg
Zn
−1
) as well as long cycle stability (117 h, 351 cycles). Moreover, the ZAB performance of CMT@CNT is maintained well even under high mass loading (3 mg cm−2, three times as much as traditional usage), which could afford high power density and energy density for advanced electronic equipment. We believe that this work is promising for the rational design of hierarchical structured electrocatalysts for advanced metal-air batteries.
Comparison of grouping algorithms to increase the sample size for statistical process control
Authors: Greipel Jonathan Simon , Nottenkämper Gina , Schmitt Robert Heinrich 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, we present and compare four grouping algorithms to combine samples from low volume production processes. This increases their sample sizes and enables the application of Statistical Process Control (SPC) to low volume production processes. To develop the grouping algorithms, we define different grouping criteria and a general grouping process. To identify which algorithm is optimal, we deduct following requirements on the algorithms from real production datasets: their ability to handle different amount of characteristics and sample sizes within each characteristic as well as being able to separate characteristics possessing distributions with different spreads and locations. To check the fulfillment of these requirements, we define two performance indices and conduct a full-factorial Design of Experiments. We achieve the performance indices for each algorithm by using simulations with artificial data incorporating the aforementioned requirements. One index rates the achieved group sizes and the other one the compactness within groups and the separation between groups. To validate the applicability of grouping algorithms within SPC, we apply real production data to the grouping algorithms and control charts. The result of this analysis shows that the grouping algorithm based on cluster analysis and splitting exceeds the other algorithms. In conclusion, the grouping algorithms enable the application of SPC to small sample sizes. This provides companies, which produce in low volumes, with new means of reducing scrap, generating process knowledge and increasing quality.
Advancements in the endoscopic treatment of pancreatic fluid collections
Authors: Li Jing , Yu Yang , Li Peng , Zhang Shu‐Tian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEndoscopic drainage of pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) with fewer complications and less trauma has gradually replaced surgery or percutaneous drainage to become the first‐line treatment for PFCs. In recent years, the differential efficacy of various stent techniques to drain different types of PFCs has been controversial. This review summarizes the clinical applications of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided stent placement for PFCs drainage.
THE COMITÉ DE L'AFRIQUE FRANÇAISE, THE CHAD PLAN, AND THE ORIGINS OF FASHODA
Authors: ROBERTS TREVOR WYN 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Comité de l'Afrique française, founded in 1890, is often regarded as the epitome of colonial nationalism. On closer examination, however, the Comité and its signature policy, the Chad plan, can be shown to have acted as instruments of choice for financial and commercial lobbies with particular interests in the Congo. The Chad plan and its successor and complement, the Upper Nile policy, were primarily intended to advance the interests of King Leopold and his French sympathizers. The unavoidable clash with British strategic and commercial interests in the region that ensued helped to unleash the forces of nationalism and led, ineluctably, to the Fashoda crisis and the conquest of Chad.
Can Political Institutions Commit Civil Disobedience?
Authors: Scheuerman William E. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA growing number of political activists and scholars defend the idea of state-based or political-institutional civil disobedience: they locate civil disobedience's agency in state rather than civil society–based actors. Diverging from older ideas of civil disobedience as directed against government, the concept of institutional disobedience raises tough questions its exponents have not yet fully answered. Civil disobedience has usually referred to politically motivated lawbreaking that is morally conscientious, nonviolent, and demonstrates basic respect for law. Because of the modern state's normatively ambivalent traits (e.g., its monopoly on legitimate coercion), political-institutional disobedience is incompatible with minimally acceptable interpretations of civil disobedience's core components. Political-institutional civil disobedience's advocates mischaracterize what they in fact are proposing, namely, disobedience to the law by individual state officials. Such offiical disobedience poses challenges distinct from and probably greater than civil society–based disobedience.
Psychiatry at the end of the 20th century
Authors: Heimann H 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe political role psychiatry plays in mental health strategies in the 20th century is discussed as well as the dangers of abuse when totalitarian ideologies rule supreme. The author comments on positive developments in the sectors of applied psychiatry and psychotherapy after World War II and the implementation of uniform requirements for the classification of psychopathological disorders as well as their limitations. Psychiatry as a scientific discipline relies on two fundaments: the conclusions drawn from the collective, present and past experience of psychiatric medicine and the impulses given by neighbouring disciplines such as neurobiology, psychology and sociology. These influences are necessary for the advancement of psychiatry, but can be restrictive in that they lead to tunnel vision by giving simple explanations for mental disorders of complex or unknown etiology. A multidimensional approach is required for the elaboration of adequate therapies and research must avoid dogmatism and short-sightedness.
Differential social adjustment correlates of Axis I and Axis II psychopathology in anxiety and depressive disorders
Authors: Mauri M , Sarno N , Armani A , Rossi VM , Zambotto S , Cassano GB , Akiskal HS 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe interest in social adjustment of psychiatric patients has increased since potent therapeutic strategies have become available, allowing patient treatment within their natural social habitat. DSM III has formally recognized the need to evaluate social variables for each patient, introducing Axis V into its multiaxial system. This is of particular relevance for personality disorders where the main pathology is manifested within the social context. In this study, 94 patients with a DSM III-R diagnosis of Panic Disorder, Major Depression, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder have been evaluated with PDE (Personality Disorders Examination) to detect the presence of DSM III personality disorders, and with SAS (Social Adjustment Scale) to assess social adjustment. Results have shown that both Axis I and Axis II diagnoses affect social adjustment, though in a slightly different manner.
Severity at baseline and onset of improvement in depression. Meta-analysis of imipramine and moclobemide versus placebo
Authors: Stassen HH , Angst J , Delini-Stula A 
Published: April 2020

SummaryMeta-analysis of several double-blind, placebo-controlled studies, including 1277 patients, has been performed in order to compare the efficacy of moclobemide, a new reversible and selective MAO-A inhibitor (RIMA) and imipramine. The main interest of the analysis was to test the time course of improvement and the impact of the pre-defined outcome criteria (50% reduction of total HAMD score) on the response to treatment, if initial severity of depression and drop-outs due to inefficacy are taken into consideration. In order to analyze the interdependence of the severity of the disease and outcome, patient sample was subdivided into three HAMD (17 items) baseline score groups: low- (score ≤ 21), medium- (22-27) and high (≥ 28) scorers. We found that reliable assessment of the point in time at which a drug begins to show therapeutic effect in each individual is a critical factor in the determination of the time course of improvement. We defined therefore the onset of improvement as the time point of a significant decrease (20%) of HAMD baseline score without subsequent deterioration. The threshold for the distinction between a significant change and spontaneous fluctuations, or error variations due to instrument or observer, was the natural variability of the HAMD score during the first two observation days. The results of the analysis replicated our earlier findings and confirmed that in treatment responders the time course of improvement is identical under placebo and antidepressants. Neither the time-points of the onset of effect, nor the time-points at which a 50% decrease of HAMD was reached, differed between the groups. In particular, no treatment- Specific time lag showed up in the onset of action. The difference in efficacy between antidepressants and placebo was evident only in the total number of responders and non-responders. Moreover, onset of improvement within the first 10 days of treatment, which was observed in 40-50% of patients, was highly predictive of the final response to treatment. The rate of correctly predicted responders in our sample was 70% for all three treatment modalities. With respect to the severity of the disease, a slight shift towards earlier onset of improvement was found for more severe cases. This finding was true for placebo and drug responders hut there was no clear-cut other interdependence with the treatment outcome. Drop-out rales due to inefficacy were in this study similar under all treatments (20-24%) anil occurred mostly during the first two weeks of the trial (64-71%.).
Patient sampling in anxiety studies: factors influencing response rate
Authors: Rein W , Morselli PL 
Published: April 2020

Today it appears that a general consensus exists concerning the methodological principles to be used in establishing the efficacy profile of a new drug in anxiety disorders, ie a double-blind, parallel group design testing different doses of the new drug versus placebo (Angst et al, 1993; Rickels, 1990), however there is also growing concern about increasingly high placebo response rates and important differences between countries in these trials. This seems to be true despite the fact that in recent years, selection criteria for diagnosis and severity of the disorders have become more clearly defined and more restrictive than in the past.This situation increases the risk of false negative results in otherwise well designed clinical trials with new anxiolytic drugs and can incite pharmaceutical companies to abandon the further development of efficacious compounds even if they have potential advantages in terms of safety over the available products.