bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How is migration background considered in the treatment and care of people? A comparison of national dementia care guidelines in Europe
Authors: Schmachtenberg Tim , Monsees Jessica , Hoffmann Wolfgang , van den Berg Neeltje , Stentzel Ulrike , Thyrian Jochen René 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
People with a migration background are vulnerable to dementia. Due to problems such as underdiagnosis or access barriers, the care of this population is a public health challenge in Europe. Many countries are issuing care guidelines, but a systematic overview of their references to migration groups is lacking. This study aims to analyze national dementia care guidelines regarding their focus on people with a migration background, what specific actions to ensure healthcare have been undertaken at the national level, and whether recommendations for action are made for this population.

Methods
This study is a systematic analysis of national dementia care guidelines of the EU and EFTA (European Free Trade Association) countries. Using the discourse analysis model by Keller (2011), 43 documents from 24 EU and 3 EFTA countries were systematically screened for migration references via keyword and context analysis. The content of the migration-related section was paraphrased, memos and comments were added, and the individual text passages were coded using the strategy of open coding.

Results
Twenty-seven of the 35 EU and EFTA countries have guidelines or similar documents on care for people with dementia, and 12 refer to migration. Norway, Sweden, and Northern Ireland refer to this topic in detail. The focus of the migration-related guidelines is on the early detection and diagnosis of dementia. The main message is that standardized diagnostic tools such as the MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) or the clock test are not suitable for linguistic minorities. Nine countries make recommendations for the care of people with a migration background and dementia, but only Norway, Sweden, and Denmark point to available healthcare services. A key recommendation is that the linguistic and cultural background of people should be considered when selecting diagnostic tests. Several countries refer to the validity of the RUDAS (Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale) for migrants.

Conclusions
The topic of migration plays a subordinate role in the dementia care guidelines of European countries. Almost all countries lack appropriate diagnostic tools and healthcare services for people with a migration background. Consequently, this group is vulnerable to underdiagnosis and a lower level of care.
Clinical pictures mimicking acute hernia complications: are we really daring to violate a traditional abdominal wall surgery dogma?
Authors: Zanatta Michela , Brancato Giovanna , Basile Guido , Basile Francesco , Donati Marcello 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Acute abdominal wall hernia complications usually require a prompt surgical treatment. The aim of this case series is to report our experience with some unusual cases of apparent acute and subacute hernia complications not requiring surgical treatment, changing the classical paradigm of immediate surgical approach into a “wait and see” situation.

Case presentation
We shortly report here four cases of abdominal wall hernia complications in which surgical treatment could have been unsafe for the patients considering their clinical condition. Two cases were fistulated and two were apparently strangulated. After clinical evaluation and CT-scan, we opted for a conservative treatment weighting the risk–benefit balance in order to give the best quality of life to the patient.

Conclusions
In selected cases and under well-defined situations, an accurate evaluation should convince every surgeon to opt for a conservative approach refraining from a promptly operative treatment of the patient. This may be particularly relevant among very old or high-risk patients affected by long-standing abdominal wall hernias.
Comparison of effect between dartos fascia and tunica vaginalis fascia in TIP urethroplasty: a meta-analysis of comparative studies
Authors: Yang Hao , Xuan Xiao-xiao , Hu Dong-lai , Zhang Hang , Shu Qiang , Guo Xiao-dong , Fu Jun-fen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty is the most commonly performed procedure for hypospadias. Several flap procedures have been recommended to decrease the postoperative complication rate in TIP repair, but no single flap procedure is ideal. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of dartos fascia (DF) and tunica vaginalis fascia (TVF) as intermediate layers in TIP urethroplasty.

Methods
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, clinicaltrials.gov, and other sources for comparative studies up to April 16, 2020. Studies were selected by the predesigned inclusion criteria. The primary outcomes were postoperative complications. The secondary outcomes were functional and cosmetic outcomes.

Results
The pooled RR with 95% CI were calculated. We extracted the relevant information from the included studies. Only 6 comparative studies were included. No secondary outcomes were reported. The RR of the total complications rate for DF was 2.41 (95% CI 1.42–4.07, P = 0.0001) compared with TVF in TIP repair. For each postoperative complication, the RRs were 6.48 (2.20–19.12, P = 0.0007), 5.95 (1.13–31.30, P = 0.04), 0.62 (0.25–1.52, P = 0.29), and 0.75 (0.23–2.46, P = 0.64) for urethrocutaneous fistula, prepuce-related complications, meatal/urethral stenosis, and wound-related complications, respectively.

Conclusions
This meta-analysis reveals that compared to DF, TVF is a better option in TIP repair in terms of decreasing the incidence of the total postoperative complications, urethrocutaneous fistula, and prepuce-related complications. However there is limited evidence for functional and cosmetic outcomes. Overall, larger prospective studies and long-term follow-up data are required to further demonstrate the superiority of TVF over DF.

Trial registration
PROSPERO CRD42019148554.
Association among serum and salivary A. actinomycetemcomitans specific immunoglobulin antibodies and periodontitis
Authors: Isola Gaetano , Polizzi Alessandro , Patini Romeo , Ferlito Sebastiano , Alibrandi Angela , Palazzo Giuseppe 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the association between serum and salivary Immunoglobulin (Ig)Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans(A. actinomycetemcomitans)specific antibodies in healthy controls (HC) and periodontitis (PT) patients. Furthermore, the objectives were to determine whether PT influenced serumA. actinomycetemcomitansspecific antibodies and whether serum or salivary antibodies againstA. actinomycetemcomitansIgG were mediated by serum high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP).MethodsFifty-three patients with periodontitis and 48 HC were enrolled in the present study. Patients were regularly examined and characterized by clinical, salivary and blood samples analyses.A. actinomycetemcomitansIgA and IgG antibodies and hs-CRP were evaluated using a commercially available kit. The Spearman Correlation Test and Jonckheere-Terpstra Test were applied in order to assess the interdependence between serumA. actinomycetemcomitansIgG antibodies and clinical periodontal parameters. To evaluate the dependence of the serum and salivaryA. actinomycetemcomitansIgG levels from possible confounders, univariate and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed.ResultsCompared to HC, patients with PT had significantly higher IgA [serum: PT, 1.89 (1.2–2.2) EU vs HC, 1.37 (0.9–1.8) EU (p = 0.022); saliva: PT, 1.67 (1.4–2.1) EU vs HC, 1.42 (0.9–1.6) EU (p = 0.019)] andA. actinomycetemcomitansIgG levels [serum: PT, 2.96 (2.1–3.7) EU vs HC, 2.18 (1.8–2.1) EU (p < 0.001); saliva, PT, 2.19 (1.8–2.5) EU vs HC, 1.84 (1.4–2) EU (p = 0.028)]. In PT patients, serumA. actinomycetemcomitansIgG were associated with a proportional extent of PT and tooth loss (P-trend value< 0.001). The univariate regression analysis demonstrated that PT (p = 0.013) and high hs-CRP (p < 0.001) had a significant negative effect on serum and salivaryA. actinomycetemcomitansIgG levels. The multivariate regression analysis showed that PT (p = 0.033), hs-CRP (p = 0.014) and BMI (p = 0.017) were significant negative predictors of serumA. actinomycetemcomitansIgG while hs-CRP (p < 0.001) and BMI (P = 0.025) were significant negative predictors of salivaryA. actinomycetemcomitansIgG.ConclusionsPT patients presented a significantly higher serum and salivaryA. actinomycetemcomitansIgA and IgG compared to HC. There was a significant increase in serumA. actinomycetemcomitansIgG when patients presented a progressive extent of PT. Moreover, PT and hs-CRP were significant negative predictors of increased salivary and serumA. actinomycetemcomitansIgG levels.Trial registrationThe study was retrospectively registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04417322).
The experience of health and welfare workers in identifying and responding to domestic abuse among military personnel in the UK
Authors: Sparrow Katherine , Alves-Costa Filipa , Alves Ana , Greenberg Neil , Howard Louise M. , Fear Nicola T. , MacManus Deirdre 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Awareness of domestic violence and abuse (DVA) as a problem among military personnel (serving and veterans) has grown in recent years, and there is a need for research to inform improvements in the identification of and response to DVA in this population. This study aimed to explore the experience of health and welfare professionals in identifying and responding to DVA among the UK military population (serving personnel and veterans).

Methods
Thirty-five semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted with health and welfare staff who work with serving UK military personnel and veterans. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
Three superordinate themes were identified: i) patterns of DVA observed by health and welfare workers (perceived gender differences in DVA experiences and role of mental health and alcohol); (ii) barriers to identification of and response to DVA (attitudinal/knowledge-based barriers and practical barriers), and iii) resource issues (training needs and access to services). Participants discussed how factors such as a culture of hypermasculinity, under-reporting of DVA, the perception of DVA as a “private matter” among military personnel, and lack of knowledge and awareness of emotional abuse and coercive controlling behaviour as abuse constitute barriers to identification and management of DVA. Healthcare providers highlighted the need for more integrated working between civilian and military services, to increase access to support and provide effective care to both victims and perpetrators. Furthermore, healthcare and welfare staff reflected on their training needs in the screening and management of DVA to improve practice.

Conclusions
There is a need for increased awareness of DVA, particularly of non-physical forms of abuse, and of male victimisation in the military. Standardised protocols for DVA management and systematic training are required to promote a consistent and appropriate response to DVA. There is a particular training need among healthcare and first-line welfare staff, who are largely relied upon to identify cases of DVA in the military. Employing DVA advocates within military and civilian healthcare settings may be useful in improving DVA awareness, management and access to specialist support.
Examining the pace of change in contraceptive practices in abortion services – a follow-up case study of a quality improvement collaborative
Authors: Kilander Helena , Brynhildsen Jan , Alehagen Siw , Thor Johan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Among all women who experienced an abortion in Sweden 2017, 45% had previously underwent at least one abortion. This phenomenon of increasing rates of repeat abortions stimulated efforts to improve contraceptive services through a Quality Improvement Collaborative (QIC) with user involvement. The participating teams had difficulty in coordinating access post-abortion to the most effective contraception, Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC), during the eight-month QIC. This prompted questions about the pace of change in contraceptive services post-abortion. The aim of the study is to evaluate the evolution and impact of QIC changes regarding patient outcomes, system performance and professional development over 12 months after a QIC designed to enhance contraceptive services in the context of abortion.

Methods
This follow-up case study involves three multi-professional teams from abortion services at three hospitals in Sweden, which participated in a QIC during 2017. We integrated qualitative data on the evolution of changes and quantitative data regarding the monthly proportion of women initiating LARC, analysed in statistical control charts from before the QIC up until 12 months after its conclusion.

Results
Teams A and B increased the average proportion of women who initiated LARC within 30 days post abortion in the 12 months after the QIC; Team A 16–25%; Team B 20–34%. Team C achieved more than 50% in individual months but not consistently in the Post-QIC period. Elusive during the QIC, they now could offer timely appointments for women to initiate LARC more frequently. Team members reported continued focus on how to create trustful relationships when counseling women. They described improved teamwork, leadership support and impact on organizing appointments for initiating LARC following the QIC.

Conclusions
QIC teams further improved women’s timely access to LARC post abortion through continued changes in services 12 months after the QIC, demonstrating that the 8-month QIC was too short for all changes to materialize. Teams simultaneously improved women’s reproductive health, health services, and professional development.
Association between childhood trauma and risk for obesity: a putative neurocognitive developmental pathway
Authors: Luo Qiang , Zhang Lingli , Huang Chu-Chung , Zheng Yan , Kanen Jonathan W. , Zhao Qi , Yao Ye , Quinlan Erin B. , Jia Tianye , Banaschewski Tobias , Bokde Arun L. W. , Bromberg Uli , Büchel Christian , Flor Herta , Frouin Vincent , Garavan Hugh , Gowland Penny , Heinz Andreas , Ittermann Bernd , Martinot Jean-Luc , Martinot Marie-Laure Paillère , Nees Frauke , Orfanos Dimitri Papadopoulos , Poustka Luise , Hohmann Sarah , Fröhner Juliane H. , Smolka Michael N. , Walter Henrik , Whelan Robert , Sahakian Barbara J. , Schumann Gunter , Li Fei , Feng Jianfeng , Desrivières Sylvane , Robbins Trevor W. ,   for the IMAGEN consortium
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Childhood trauma increases the risk for adult obesity through multiple complex pathways, and the neural substrates are yet to be determined.

Methods
Participants from three population-based neuroimaging cohorts, including the IMAGEN cohort, the UK Biobank (UKB), and the Human Connectome Project (HCP), were recruited. Voxel-based morphometry analysis of both childhood trauma and body mass index (BMI) was performed in the longitudinal IMAGEN cohort; validation of the findings was performed in the UKB. White-matter connectivity analysis was conducted to study the structural connectivity between the identified brain region and subdivisions of the hypothalamus in the HCP.

Results
In IMAGEN, a smaller frontopolar cortex (FPC) was associated with both childhood abuse (CA) (β = − .568, 95%CI − .942 to − .194; p = .003) and higher BMI (β = − .086, 95%CI − .128 to − .043; p < .001) in male participants, and these findings were validated in UKB. Across seven data collection sites, a stronger negative CA-FPC association was correlated with a higher positive CA-BMI association (β = − 1.033, 95%CI − 1.762 to − .305; p = .015). Using 7-T diffusion tensor imaging data (n = 156), we found that FPC was the third most connected cortical area with the hypothalamus, especially the lateral hypothalamus. A smaller FPC at age 14 contributed to higher BMI at age 19 in those male participants with a history of CA, and the CA-FPC interaction enabled a model at age 14 to account for some future weight gain during a 5-year follow-up (variance explained 5.8%).

Conclusions
The findings highlight that a malfunctioning, top-down cognitive or behavioral control system, independent of genetic predisposition, putatively contributes to excessive weight gain in a particularly vulnerable population, and may inform treatment approaches.
An integrated review of the role of communication in veterinary clinical practice
Authors: PUN Jack K. H. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
There is a growing interest in exploring the nature of communication in veterinary medicine and understanding how veterinary practitioners communicate with their clients and other professionals. This is the first integrative review of literature on veterinary communication. Applying the PRISMA model, the PubMed, PsychInfo and ERIC databases were searched using keywords such as ‘veterinary’, ‘vet’, ‘communication’ and ‘interaction’ for related articles published between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2018.

Results
Keyword searching through the databases yielded 1572 related studies. Only 48 of these studies were included in our analysis after an in-depth review by two independent reviewers using the critical appraisal skills Programme frameworks with high inter-rater reliability (Cohen’s kappa coefficient κ > 0.8). The existing body of research on veterinary communication can be classified into three major areas: (a) client–veterinarian communication, (b) cross-disciplinary communication in a professional veterinarian team and (c) training of veterinary communication skills. This review details the complexity and heterogeneity of agenda in the field of veterinary communication. The included studies indicate that veterinary practitioners are not equipped with specific communication skills to address different agendas in veterinary communication. The veterinary curriculum should include a component on communication training that can help veterinary students acquire necessary communication skills that allow them to effectively communicate with clients and other professionals

Conclusion
This review detailed the complexity of agendas in the field of veterinary communication. The results indicate that veterinary practitioners can further benefit from training on specific communication skills that address the agendas found in veterinary communication research. Furthermore, the veterinary curriculum should include a component on communication training that equips veterinary students with the necessary communication skills that allow them to effectively communicate with different stakeholders such as clients and colleagues with and across the field of veterinary science.
Long-lasting insecticide-treated bed net ownership, utilization and associated factors among school-age children in Dara Mallo and Uba Debretsehay districts, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Zerdo Zerihun , Bastiaens Hilde , Anthierens Sibyl , Massebo Fekadu , Masne Matewos , Biresaw Gelila , Shewangizaw Misgun , Tunje Abayneh , Chisha Yilma , Yohannes Tsegaye , Van Geertruyden Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Malaria is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among school-age children (SAC) in sub-Saharan Africa. SAC account for more than 60% of the reservoir of malaria transmission, but they are given less emphasis in prioritizing malaria prevention interventions. This study was aimed at assessing the ownership of long-lasting insecticide treated bed nets (LLINs), its utilization and factors associated with ownership of LLINs by households and LLINs utilization among SAC in malaria-prone areas of Dara Mallo and Uba Debretsehay districts in Southern Ethiopia, October to December 2019.

Methods
This study is part of a baseline assessment in a cluster-randomized controlled trial. The data was collected through interview and observation, following a structured questionnaire, of 2261 SAC households. Univariable and multivariable multilevel logistic regressions were used to assess the association between LLINs ownership and utilization and potential predictor variables. Odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to determine the strength and statistical significance of association.

Results
The ownership of at least one LLIN by households of SAC was about 19.3% (95% CI 17.7–21.0%) but only 10.3% % (95% CI 7.7–13.7%) of these households had adequate access of bed nets to the household members. Ownership of bed net was marginally affected by living in semi-urban area (adjusted OR = 2.6; 95% CI 1.0–6.9) and occupational status of the household head being a civil servant (adjusted OR = 2.7; 95% CI 0.9–7.9). About 7.8% (95% CI 6.7–10.0%) of all SAC participated in the study and 40.4% (95% CI 57.4–66.7%) of children in households owning at least one LLIN passed the previous night under LLIN. LLIN utilization by SAC conditional to presence of at least one net in the household was significantly correlated with education level of mother above grade 6 (adjusted OR = 3.4; 95% CI 1.3–9.3) and the household size to bed net ratio less than or equal to 2 (adjusted OR = 20.7; 95% CI 4.7–132.5).

Conclusion
Ownership of bed net was lower than universal coverage of at least one bed net for two individuals. It is important to monitor replacement needs and educate mothers with low education level with their SAC on the benefit of consistent utilization of bed nets.
Construction of a sensitive and specific lead biosensor using a genetically engineered bacterial system with a luciferase gene reporter controlled by pbr and cadA promoters
Authors: Nourmohammadi Esmail , Hosseinkhani Saman , Nedaeinia Reza , Khoshdel-Sarkarizi Hoda , Nedaeinia Mozhdeh , Ranjbar Maryam , Ebrahimi Neshat , Farjami Zahra , Nourmohammadi Mohammad , Mahmoudi Ali , Goli Mohammad , Ferns Gordon A. , Sadeghizadeh Majid 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
A bacterial biosensor refers to genetically engineered bacteria that produce an assessable signal in the presence of a physical or chemical agent in the environment.

Methods
We have designed and evaluated a bacterial biosensor expressing a luciferase reporter gene controlled by pbr and cadA promoters in Cupriavidus metallidurans (previously termed Ralstonia metallidurans) containing the CH34 and pI258 plasmids of Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, and that can be used for the detection of heavy metals. In the present study, we have produced and evaluated biosensor plasmids designated pGL3-luc/pbr biosensor and pGL3-luc/cad biosensor, that were based on the expression of luc+ and under the control of the cad promoter and the cadC gene of S. aureus plasmid pI258 and pbr promoter and pbrR gene from plasmid pMOL30 of Cupriavidus metallidurans.

Results
We found that the pGL3-luc/pbr biosensor may be used to measure lead concentrations between 1–100 μM in the presence of other metals, including zinc, cadmium, tin and nickel. The latter metals did not result in any significant signal. The pGL3-luc/cad biosensor could detect lead concentrations between 10 nM to 10 μM.

Conclusions
This biosensor was found to be specific for measuring lead ions in both environmental and biological samples.