bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parenting, self‐concept, and attitudes about romantic relationships
Authors: Chen Wei‐Wen , Yuan Huanling , Yang Xin , Lai Si Kei 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis study examined associations among the perceived parenting, self‐concept, and adolescent attitudes of Chinese adolescents regarding romantic relationships.MethodsA survey of 729 high school students in Macau was carried out to collect information on the degree to which they perceived their fathers and mothers as demanding or responsive, their general self‐concept, and their attitudes about romantic relationships.ResultsStructural equation modeling showed that maternal and paternal responsiveness positively associated with adolescents’ self‐concept, which then positively contributed to their attitudes about romantic relationships. Maternal demandingness could link directly to positive adolescent attitudes about romantic relationships and indirectly to negative self‐concept.ConclusionsThe present study's findings suggest that perceived maternal parenting may be more important than perceived paternal parenting regarding adolescents' romantic attitudes, and parental responsiveness is particularly critical to positive self‐concept and positive romantic attitudes in Chinese culture.
Prevalence of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder Among Sexually Active Postmenopausal Women With Metabolic Syndrome at a Public Hospital Clinic in Brazil: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Dutra da Silva Gustavo Maximiliano , Rolim Rosa Lima Sônia Maria , Reis Benedito F. , Macruz Carolina Furtado , Postigo Sóstenes 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Aims
To evaluate the prevalence of hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) among postmenopausal women diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MS) and to compare it to that of a control group without MS.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study carried out in 2 public tertiary hospitals in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, with a sample of 291 postmenopausal women aged between 40 and 65 years. Sexual function was evaluated using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, diagnostic criteria and was related to the diagnosis of MS, which was determined according to the guidelines defined by the Adult Treatment Panel.

Main outcome measures
Analysis of sexual function with emphasis on sexual desire (HSDD), the incidence of MS, and the components of MS.

Results
The prevalence of HSDD was significantly higher among women diagnosed with MS than among women without MS (P = .01). Women diagnosed with high blood pressure (P &lt; .01) and increased triglycerides (P = .03) also had a higher prevalence of HSDD than did women without these conditions. The FSFI domain scores for desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction and the total FSFI score were significantly lower for postmenopausal women with MS, whereas the pain domain score was not significantly different between the groups (P = .913). The incidence of female sexual dysfunction was significantly higher among women with MS, regardless of the diagnostic criteria used (P &lt; .05).

Conclusion
Postmenopausal women diagnosed with MS have higher rates of HSDD than do women without MS.
Clinical Trial Registration: ID NCT02430987.
Ebola Outbreak in Democratic Republic of Congo: Lessons Learned, or Ignored?
Authors: Beadling Charles , Brett-Major David , Hamer Melinda , Vest Kelly , Muyimbo Timothy , Burkle Frederick 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTInfectious diseases became an increasing public health threat as humans transitioned from nomadic hunter-gatherer societies to stable, agrarian communities. It is accurate to say the international community was not optimally prepared for the 2014-2015 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa, which eventually spread and caused secondary cases in the United States. From that experience, much was learned about the management of an EVD outbreak, from prevention and treatment, to the need for a “whole of society” response. However, it is clear from the evidence that much still needs to be done to improve preparedness for Ebola and other emerging infectious diseases in the region. The current outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo both mirrors these challenges and demonstrates new ones reflected in violence, hampering efforts to prevent spread of EVD within and beyond the country. The journal Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness (DMPHP) is taking a forward-looking approach, establishing a task force of editors to quickly review and approve manuscripts relating to EVD for immediate electronic publication and open access. The intent is to make emerging information available to front-line responders and policy decision-makers as quickly as possible.
Awareness Among Undergraduate Students of Mangalore City Regarding Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): A Questionnaire Study
Authors: Das Deeksha , Shenoy Ramya , Mukherjee Megha , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Rungta Nikita 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTObjectives:COVID-19 outbreak has surfaced as an imminent threat for the public health. Because India is a populous country, it is important for Indians to be aware of the basic modes of prevention that can diminish the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.Aim:The present questionnaire study was carried out among the undergraduate students to assess the awareness regarding the spread and control of COVID-19.Methods:The questionnaire was circulated among the undergraduate students as a Google form.Results:The study included responses of 868 undergraduate students belonging to 2 university colleges. The majority of the participants were females (63%; n = 547) in the age range of 18-23 y. Approximately 98.3% (853) had awareness regarding COVID-19. Approximately 94.7% (822) were washing their hands after visiting public places, out of which only 90.6% (786) were aware of proper steps to be followed in hand washing. It was concluded that it is required to create awareness among 20.8% (181) of our study participants regarding the importance of hand washing to control COVID-19.Conclusions:Awareness regarding COVID-19 among study participants was good. However, a small part of the study population is required to be educated on proper steps to be followed in hand washing.
Explanatory Obligations
Authors: Khalifa Kareem , Millson Jared 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we argue that a person is obligated to explain why p just in case she has a role-responsibility to answer the question “Why p?”. This entails that the normative force of explanatory obligations is fundamentally social. We contrast our view with other accounts of explanatory obligations or the so-called “need for explanation,” in which the aforementioned normative force is epistemic, determined by an inquirer's interests, or a combination thereof. We argue that our account outperforms these alternatives.
Murder and the Working Lives of Chinese Male Servants in Colonial Singapore, 1910s–1930s
Authors: Lowrie Claire 
Published: June 2020

AbstractChinese men working as servants in colonial Singapore were a largely unregulated group of workers and, as a result, few traces of their lives have been preserved in the colonial archive. Rare cases in which Chinese domestic workers were accused of murder compelled the colonial state to directly intervene in their lives. This article explores the experiences of Chinese migrant men who worked as domestic servants in Singapore by analysing three murders that occurred between the 1910s and the 1930s. Details of the crimes and the arrests, along with the processes of conviction and sentencing, were reported in detail in the local newspapers. In addition, testimonies of the accused and of witnesses were preserved in Coroner's Court records. This rich criminal archive is used to shed light upon aspects of domestic servants’ lives that would otherwise remain obscure.
Brain structural correlates of schizotypal signs and subclinical schizophrenia nuclear symptoms in healthy individuals
Authors: Meller Tina , Schmitt Simon , Ettinger Ulrich , Grant Phillip , Stein Frederike , Brosch Katharina , Grotegerd Dominik , Dohm Katharina , Meinert Susanne , Förster Katharina , Hahn Tim , Jansen Andreas , Dannlowski Udo , Krug Axel , Kircher Tilo , Nenadić Igor 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundSubclinical psychotic-like experiences (PLE), resembling key symptoms of psychotic disorders, are common throughout the general population and possibly associated with psychosis risk. There is evidence that such symptoms are also associated with structural brain changes.MethodsIn 672 healthy individuals, we assessed PLE and associated distress with the symptom-checklist-90R (SCL-90R) scales ‘schizotypal signs’ (STS) and ‘schizophrenia nuclear symptoms’ (SNS) and analysed associations with voxel- and surfaced-based brain structural parameters derived from structural magnetic resonance imaging at 3 T with CAT12.ResultsFor SNS, we found a positive correlation with the volume in the left superior parietal lobule and the precuneus, and a negative correlation with the volume in the right inferior temporal gyrus [p < 0.05 cluster-level Family Wise Error (FWE-corrected]. For STS, we found a negative correlation with the volume of the left and right precentral gyrus (p < 0.05 cluster-level FWE-corrected). Surface-based analyses did not detect any significant clusters with the chosen statistical threshold of p < 0.05. However, in exploratory analyses (p < 0.001, uncorrected), we found a positive correlation of SNS with gyrification in the left insula and rostral middle frontal gyrus and of STS with the left precuneus and insula, as well as a negative correlation of STS with gyrification in the left temporal pole.ConclusionsOur results show that brain structures in areas implicated in schizophrenia are also related to PLE and its associated distress in healthy individuals. This pattern supports a dimensional model of the neural correlates of symptoms of the psychotic spectrum.
Migrant status and risk of compulsory admission at first diagnosis of psychotic disorder: a population-based cohort study in Sweden
Authors: Terhune J. , Dykxhoorn J. , Mackay E. , Hollander A.-C. , Kirkbride J. B. , Dalman C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundMinority ethnic and migrant groups face an elevated risk of compulsory admission for mental illness. There are overlapping cultural, socio-demographic, and structural explanations for this risk that require further investigation.MethodsBy linking Swedish national register data, we established a cohort of persons first diagnosed with a psychotic disorder between 2001 and 2016. We used multilevel mixed-effects logistic modelling to investigate variation in compulsory admission at first diagnosis of psychosis across migrant and Swedish-born groups with individual and neighbourhood-level covariates.ResultsOur cohort included 12 000 individuals, with 1298 (10.8%) admitted compulsorily. In an unadjusted model, being a migrant [odds ratio (OR) 1.48; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26–1.73] or child of a migrant (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.10–1.47) increased risk of compulsory admission. However after multivariable modelling, region-of-origin provided a better fit to the data than migrant status; excess risk of compulsory admission was elevated for individuals from sub-Saharan African (OR 1.94; 95% CI 1.51–2.49), Middle Eastern and North African (OR 1.46; 95% CI 1.17–1.81), non-Nordic European (OR 1.27; 95% CI 1.01–1.61), and mixed Swedish-Nordic backgrounds (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.03–1.72). Risk of compulsory admission was greater in more densely populated neighbourhoods [OR per standard deviation (s.d.) increase in the exposure: 1.12, 95% CI 1.06–1.18], an effect that appeared to be driven by own-region migrant density (OR per s.d. increase in exposure: 1.12; 95% CI 1.02–1.24).ConclusionsInequalities in the risk of compulsory admission by migrant status, region-of-origin, urban living and own-region migrant density highlight discernible factors which raise barriers to equitable care and provide potential targets for intervention.
Power, policing, and language policy mechanisms in schools: A response to Hudson
Authors: Cushing Ian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis discussion is a response to Richard Hudson's response to my article, ‘The policy and policing of language in schools’ (Cushing 2019). Hudson argues that current education policy in England generally rejects and avoids prescriptivism and sets out to illustrate this in reference to a number of policy documents. As in my original article, I conceive of language policy as p/Political and one way in which language ideologies get turned into practices, through a series of policy mechanisms such as curricula, tests, and guidance for teachers. I show how these mechanisms do not ‘reject’ prescriptivism, but explicitly perpetuate it, and thus act as a system of coercion which can lead teachers into reproducing these ideologies in their practice. I argue that Hudson's argument is limited because of its depoliticised stance and understanding of key sociolinguistic concepts and issues, such as ‘Standard English’, ‘linguistic correctness’, and language education itself. (Language education policy, language ideologies, critical applied linguistics, schools, England)*
Review of real-world evidence studies in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Lack of good practices
Authors: Lambert-Obry Véronique , Lafrance Jean-Philippe , Savoie Michelle , Henri Sandrine , Lachaine Jean 
Published: June 2020

ObjectivesUnlike randomized controlled trials, lack of methodological rigor is a concern about real-world evidence (RWE) studies. The objective of this study was to characterize methodological practices of studies collecting pharmacoeconomic data in a real-world setting for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA systematic literature review was performed using the PICO framework: population consisted of T2DM patients, interventions and comparators were any intervention for T2DM care or absence of intervention, and outcomes were resource utilization, productivity loss or utility. Only RWE studies were included, defined as studies that were not clinical trials and that collected de novo data (no retrospective analysis).ResultsThe literature search identified 1,158 potentially relevant studies, among which sixty were included in the literature review. Many studies showed a lack of transparency by not mentioning the source for outcome and exposure measurement, source for patient selection, number of study sites, recruitment duration, sample size calculation, sampling method, missing data, approbation by an ethics committee, obtaining patient's consent, conflicts of interest, and funding. A significant proportion of studies had poor quality scores and was at high risk of bias.ConclusionsRWE from T2DM studies lacks transparency and credibility. There is a need for good procedural practices that can increase confidence in RWE studies. Standardized methodologies specifically adapted for RWE studies collecting pharmacoeconomic data for the management of T2DM could help future reimbursement decision making in this major public health problem.
Congenital cardiac interventions during the peak phase of COVID-19 pandemics in the country in a pandemics hospital in Istanbul
Authors: Ugurlucan Murat , Yildiz Yahya , Oztas Didem Melis , Coban Senay , Beyaz Metin Onur , Sari Gizem , Ulukan Mustafa Ozer , Karakaya Atalay , Vatansever Binay , Erkanli Korhan , Meric Mert , Unal Orcun , Demirkol Demet , Yozgat Yilmaz , Saritas Turkay , Erdem Abdullah , Akdeniz Celal , Turkoglu Halil 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIntroduction:In this report, we aim to present our algorithm and results of patients with congenital cardiac disorders who underwent surgical or interventional procedures during the peak phase of the pandemics in our country.Patients and methods:The first COVID-19 case was diagnosed in Turkey on 11 March, 2020, and the peak phase seemed to end by the end of April. All the patients whom were referred, treated, or previously operated but still at the hospital during the peak phase of COVID-19 pandemics in the country were included into this retrospective study. Patient’s diagnosis, interventions, adverse events, and early post-procedural courses were studied.Results:Thirty-one patients with various diagnoses of congenital cardiovascular disorders were retrospectively reviewed. Ages of the patients ranged between 2 days and 16 years. Seventeen cases were males and 14 cases were females. Elective cases were postponed. Priority was given to interventional procedures, and five cases were treated percutaneously. Palliative procedures were preferred in patients whom presumably would require long hospital stay. Corrective procedures were not hesitated in prioritised stable patients. Mortality occurred in one patient. Eight patients out of 151 ICU admissions were diagnosed with COVID-19, and they were transferred to COVID-19 ICU immediately. Three nurses whom also took care of the paediatric cases became infected with SARS-CoV-2; however, the children did not catch the disease.Conclusion:Mandatory and emergent congenital cardiac percutaneous and surgical procedures may be performed with similar postoperative risks as there are no pandemics with meticulous care and preventive measures.
Gray’s False Accusations Necessitate Establishing Standards of Evidence for Making Claims of Misconduct
Authors: Verhulst Brad , Hatemi Peter K. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTClaims of misconduct must be accompanied by verifiable proof. In “Diagnosis versus Ideological Diversity,” Phillip W. Gray (2019) professes the need to address bias and dishonesty in research but contradicts his stated goals by making untrue and unsupported allegations of misconduct. He equates a coding error with LaCour and Green’s (2014) suspected data fabrication while disregarding publicly available contradictory evidence. In this evidence-based article, we demonstrate that Gray made a series of false accusations of research dishonesty and ideological bias. His assertions not only are unsupported; the evidence also shows the opposite. PS: Political Science & Politics edited Gray’s article after publication and online distribution—removing or modifying the most explicitly false and harmful statements—and changed his central thesis but without changing the DOI. This resulted in two different articles with the same DOI. Although retraction is uncommon, this degree of post-publication modification appears to meet the threshold. The published corrigendum failed to address Gray’s false allegations, pervasive and unsubstantiated insinuations of misconduct, and errors that persist in the second edition of his article. The constellation of behaviors by the journal and Gray contradicts academic norms and emphasizes the need to establish clear standards of evidence when making accusations of academic misconduct.
Investigation on the scattering characteristics and unsupervised clustering of 3D printed samples
Authors: Elsaadouny Mostafa , Barowski Jan , Jebramcik Jochen , Rolfes Ilona 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this work, the scattering characteristics of 3D-printed samples are being investigated by using a single-polarized and a cross-polarized radar system. The 3D-printed technology participates in a wide range of applications nowadays. The idea of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) has been utilized to investigate the reflected electromagnetic energy from the 3D-printed samples by setting each of the radar systems in a fixed position and the mounting sample on an x-y positioning table which has been used to achieve rectangular-scan mode for SAR. The data have been ported and processed by the matched filter approach. For better image interpretation, the data have been further processed by the median filter in order to reduce noise level while preserving the main image details. Afterwards, the data have been further investigated for determining and classifying any possible defects. This process has been accomplished by deploying the unsupervised learning concept to cluster the SAR responses into two groups, compromising the defected positions responses and the non-defected responses. The obtained results of both radar sensors have been compared and evaluated using different quality assessment factors. Moreover, unsupervised learning techniques have been investigated and the obtained results show a high degree of efficiency in clustering the SAR responses.
Gene Discovery Using Twins
Authors: Duffy David , Sturm Rick , Zhu Gu , MacGregor Stuart 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOne of Nick’s key early achievements at QIMR was to establish a twin study on melanoma risk factors. The Brisbane Twin Nevus Study (BTNS) had an initial focus on nevus (mole) count in adolescents but, reflecting Nick’s broad interests, expanded in scope enormously over the decades. In the skin cancer arena, BTNS was essential to genetic discoveries in melanoma, eye color and pigmentation. Later studies amassed data on thousands of phenotypes, ranging from molecular phenotypes such as gene expression to studies where gene mapping findings in adolescents turned out to have translational potential in late-onset diseases. Nick’s twin data have formed the basis for an enormous range of discoveries, with Nick and his colleagues continuing to capitalize on these data.
Statistical Power and the Classical Twin Design
Authors: Sham Pak C. , Purcell Shaun M. , Cherny Stacey S. , Neale Michael C. , Neale Benjamin M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDr Nick Martin has made enormous contributions to the field of behavior genetics over the past 50 years. Of his many seminal papers that have had a profound impact, we focus on his early work on the power of twin studies. He was among the first to recognize the importance of sample size calculation before conducting a study to ensure sufficient power to detect the effects of interest. The elegant approach he developed, based on the noncentral chi-squared distribution, has been adopted by subsequent researchers for other genetic study designs, and today remains a standard tool for power calculations in structural equation modeling and other areas of statistical analysis. The present brief article discusses the main aspects of his seminal paper, and how it led to subsequent developments, by him and others, as the field of behavior genetics evolved into the present era.
Advancing Diversity and Inclusion in United States' Space Weather and Space Physics Communities
Authors: Gannon J. L. , Lugaz Noé 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFollowing a panel discussion at the 2019 AGU Fall Meeting with an atypical gender ratio, we discuss the diversity and inclusion (D&I) initiatives at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center with Deputy Director for the Heliophysics Science Division, Dr. Antti Pulkkinen. We focus on gender diversity and efforts by AGU to promote D&I and how it applies specifically to the Space Physics and Aeronomy (SPA) section of AGU.