bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Mona effect: How place discourse constitutes culture‐led change
Authors: Booth Kate , Ragaini Bruna Silva , Hardy Anne 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe arrival of the Museum and Old and New Art (Mona) in the disadvantaged municipality of Glenorchy was heralded as the beginning of significant social change in Australia's island state of Tasmania. These expectations were premised on a local place discourse known as the “Tasmanian gothic,” and, in this article, our aim is to illustrate the importance of place specifications in culture‐led change, including in relation to how place discourse constitutes such change. To do this work, we illustrate a Mona effect that comprises a critical account of the Tasmanian gothic informed by an empiric of tourist movement to and from Mona. We demonstrate that tourist movements follow existing socio‐spatial patterns, with tourists from higher socio‐economic backgrounds bypassing Glenorchy and those from lower socio‐economic backgrounds more likely to stop in this disadvantaged municipality. This socio‐spatial account unsettles the characterisation of Tasmania and Tasmanians provided by the Tasmanian gothic and we conclude by observing (1) a lack of significant social change resulting from Mona, in part explained by well‐established socio‐economic patterns; (2) signs of more subtle change that warrant further investigation; and (3) how local place discourse can act to curtail culture‐led change by reinforcing existing socio‐economic patterns.
Characteristics and outcomes of adults with cytomegalovirus‐associated thrombocytopenia: a case series and literature review
Authors: Shragai Tamir , Lebel Eyal , Deshet Dana , Varon David , Avivi Irit , Kirgner Ilya , Sarid Nadav 
Published: August 2020

SummaryCytomegalovirus (CMV) is a ubiquitous virus that infects people worldwide. CMV is known to trigger thrombocytopenia, but this association is probably underdiagnosed since CMV infection in healthy adults is usually either asymptomatic or causes only mild symptoms. A systematic literature review was carried out and yielded 23 publications that reported 25 patients. All haematology centres in Israel were searched for adult immunocompetent patients with CMV‐associated thrombocytopenia, and five new cases were identified. The median age of the combined 30 patients was 33 years (range 18–80), 73% were men, 77% presented with CMV‐related symptoms, 48% had enlarged spleens, 95% had atypical lymphocytes in peripheral blood and 68% had elevated transaminase levels. The response rate to first‐line steroid‐containing regimens was only 31%, whereas 11 patients who were treated with an anti‐CMV agent had a response rate of 82%. Moreover, four patients received thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO‐RA) to which three (75%) responded. Taken together, these distinctive features of a case with thrombocytopenia should alert to CMV infection as the source. While steroids were effective in less than one‐third of the cases, both anti‐CMV therapy and TPO‐RA exhibited excellent efficacy, suggesting that those agents should be introduced earlier in the therapeutic course.
Artificial urinary sphincter significantly better than fixed sling for moderate post‐prostatectomy stress urinary incontinence: a propensity score‐matched study
Authors: Sacco Emilio , Gandi Carlo , Marino Filippo , Totaro Angelo , Di Gianfrancesco Luca , Palermo Giuseppe , Pierconti Francesco , Racioppi Marco , Bassi Pierfrancesco 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) vs retrourethral transobturator sling (RTS) in men with moderate post‐prostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPI) using propensity score‐matching analysis to enhance the validity of the comparison (Canadian Task Force classification II‐2).Patients and methodsConsecutive men with moderate (3–5 pads/day) stress‐prevalent PPI were included if implanted with a RTS (TiLOOP® Male; pfm medical, Köln, Germany) or AUS (AMS800®; Boston Scientific, Boston, MA, USA) since July 2011 to December 2017 and with ≥12 months of follow‐up. Preoperative assessment included 24‐h pad usage, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Short Form (ICIQ‐SF), urethrocystoscopy, and urodynamics if indicated. Propensity score‐matching analysis was based on age, body mass index, Charlson Comorbidity Index, pad usage, previous radiotherapy, and urethrotomy. The primary outcome was at least ‘much improved’ response at 12‐months according to the Patient Global Impression of Improvement questionnaire, without additional PPI surgery or prosthesis explantation.ResultsOf 109 included patients, 70 patients were matched and the study groups were well balanced for the baseline matched variables. The median baseline 24‐h pad usage was four in both groups (P = 0.10), and median follow‐up was 51.2 months for AUS and 47.2 months (P = 0.5) for RTS patients. In the AUS and RTS cohorts, respectively, 33 (94.3%) and 24 (68.6%) patients achieved the primary outcome (P < 0.001), the 0–1 pad/day rates was 94.3% vs 68.6% (P = 0.012) at 12 months, and 91.4% vs 68.6% (P = 0.034) at last follow‐up. At the last follow‐up, the median 24‐h leakage volumes, median ICIQ‐SF scores and satisfaction rates were 0 vs 15 mL (P = 0.017), 4 vs 10 (P = 0.001), and 94.3% vs 68.6% (P = 0.012) in the AUS and RTS cohorts, respectively. There were no significant differences in overall rates of complications and re‐interventions, although Clavien–Dindo Grade III complications (n = 3) occurred only in the AUS group. At sensitivity analysis, the study was reasonably robust to hidden bias.ConclusionWe found that AUS implantation significantly outperformed RTS in patients with moderate PPI for both subjective and objective outcomes.
Splicing factor PRPF6 upregulates oncogenic androgen receptor signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Song Huijuan , Sun Ning , Lin Lin , Wei Shan , Zeng Kai , Liu Wei , Wang Chunyu , Zhong Xinping , Wang Manlin , Wang Shengli , Zhou Baosheng , Lv Chi , Liu Wensu , Zhao Yue 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAndrogen receptor (AR) signaling is considered to be crucial for the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with obvious sexual dimorphism. Pre‐mRNA processing factor 6 (PRPF6) was identified as a coactivator of AR. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the modulation function of PRPF6 on AR‐mediated transcriptional activity in HCC needs to be further clarified. In this study, we analyzed data from The Cancer Genome Atlas to show that PRPF6 is highly expressed in HCC. . Our data indicated that PRPF6 interacts with AR/AR splice variants (AR‐Vs) and upregulates AR/AR splice variant 7‐mediated transcriptional activity even without dihydrotestosterone treatment. We observed that AR is obviously induced by androgen treatment and is mainly expressed in the nucleus in HCC‐derived cell lines. Moreover, overexpression of PRPF6 enhances AR expression accompanied with the increase of AR‐Vs expression. We provided evidence that PRPF6 participates in upregulating AR self‐transcription. PRPF6 facilitates the recruitment of AR to the androgen responsive element region of the AR gene. Finally, PRPF6 depletion inhibits cell proliferation in HCC cells and mouse xenografts. Taken together, our results suggest that PRPF6 as a splicing factor enhances AR self‐transcription, thereby coactivating oncogenic AR/AR‐Vs actions in HCC.
Effectiveness of secondary prevention in metalworkers with work‐related skin diseases and comparison with participants of a tertiary prevention program: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Brans Richard , Wilke Annika , Rodríguez Elke , Boraczynski Nicole , Weidinger Stephan , Reich Anna , Geier Johannes , Schön Michael P. , Skudlik Christoph , John Swen M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn Germany, a multistep approach has been established to prevent work‐related skin diseases (WRSDs).ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of a secondary individual prevention program (SIP) in metalworkers with WRSD and to compare their characteristics with those of participants of a tertiary individual prevention program (TIP).Patients and MethodsIn a prospective cohort study, metalworkers with WRSD of the hands participating either in the SIP (n = 114) or in the TIP (n = 83) were recruited. At baseline and at the respective follow‐up 8–12 weeks after the SIP or at dismissal from the TIP (3–4 weeks later), questionnaires were completed and the severity of WRSD was assessed. Saliva samples were collected for assessment of filaggrin (FLG) mutations and an explorative genome‐wide association study (GWAS).ResultsNinety‐three SIP patients (81.6%) attended the follow‐up. Disease severity was significantly reduced, and knowledge and protective behavior were significantly improved compared to baseline. Significant differences between SIP and TIP patients were found regarding duration and severity of symptoms, work absenteeism, tobacco smoking, and presence of atopic dermatitis, but not regarding FLG mutations and by GWAS.ConclusionsThe SIP was effective in metalworkers with WRSDs. Individual factors may influence the course of the disease and the need for the TIP.
Association of habits, triggers, glycaemic control, routines, stress and impulse control among emerging adults with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Hanna K. M. , Kupzyk K. A. , Hansen J. R. , Jones‐Ryan M. L. , Drincic A. T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimGlycaemic control is known to be poor among emerging adults with type 1 diabetes, but the reasons for this are poorly understood. Examination of diabetes self‐management‐related habits, triggers and daily routines within the context of impulse control and perceived daily stress may provide increased understanding of glycaemic control during this transitional period. This study examined associations among checking blood glucose (CBG) habits, eating a meal (EAM) habits and glycaemic control within the context of CBG triggers, daily routines, impulse control and perceived daily stress, in emerging adults with type 1 diabetes.MethodsA cross‐sectional convenience sample of 100 emerging adults with type 1 diabetes was recruited from an outpatient diabetes care clinic for this age group. Participants self‐reported frequency of CBG and EAM habits, CBG triggers, daily routines, perceived daily stress and impulse control. Glycaemic control values were obtained from medical records. Path analysis was performed.ResultsBetter glycaemic control was positively and significantly associated with greater frequency of CBG and EAM habits. CBG habits were positively and significantly associated with CBG triggers and EAM habits. EAM habits were positively and significantly associated with daily routines.ConclusionsWe suggest interventional research targeting CBG and EAM habits and daily routines to examine the impact on diabetes self‐management and glycaemic control.
Efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol loxenatide as add‐on to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes: A multicentre, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, phase 3b trial
Authors: Gao Fei , Lv Xiaofeng , Mo Zhaohui , Ma Jianhua , Zhang Qiu , Yang Gangyi , Liu Weijuan , Li Quanmin , Zhou Jian , Bao Yuqian , Jia Weiping 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo assess the efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEX168), a new glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist, as an add‐on to metformin therapy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Materials and methodsThis was a multicentre, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled phase 3b trial. After metformin monotherapy (≥1500 mg/day) for 8 weeks or more, patients with uncontrolled T2D (HbA1c of 7.0%‐10.5%) from 44 sites were randomized (1:1:1) to metformin + placebo, metformin + PEX168 100 μg, and metformin + PEX168 200 μg. The core treatment period lasted for 24 weeks, followed by a 28‐week extension period. The primary endpoint was the change in HbA1c levels at week 24. The main secondary endpoint was the proportion of patients with an HbA1c of less than 7.0% at week 24.ResultsThe least‐square mean (standard error) change in HbA1c levels was significantly greater (P < .001 for superiority) in the PEX168 groups (−1.16% [0.08%] and −1.14% [0.08%] with 100 and 200 μg, respectively) than in the placebo group (0.35% [0.08%]). The proportion of patients with an HbA1c of less than 7.0% at week 24 was significantly higher in the PEX168 100 μg (37.4%) and PEX168 200 μg (40.6%) groups than in the placebo group (16.8%; both P < .001). The gastrointestinal reactions were mild; the risks of hypoglycaemia and weight gain did not increase. Anti‐PEX168 antibodies were noted in less than 2% of patients. No treatment‐emergent serious adverse events occurred.ConclusionThe subcutaneous injection of PEX168 once a week can effectively, continuously and safely improve HbA1c levels in patients with T2D when combined with metformin.
Novel evidence for systemic induction of silicon defences in cucumber following attack by a global insect herbivore
Authors: Islam Tarikul , Moore Ben D. , Johnson Scott N. 
Published: August 2020

1. Silicon (Si) is a beneficial nutrient that has been reported to ameliorate many abiotic and biotic stresses in plants, including insect herbivory. Insect herbivory has been shown to induce Si defences in plants, although the magnitude and nature of induction remain largely ambiguous. In particular, it is unclear whether herbivore induction of Si defences is confined to attacked tissues (local) or occurs elsewhere in the plant (systemic).2. We grew cucumber, Cucumis sativus L. plants (var. Burpless F1 and Beit Alpha), an intermediate Si accumulator, hydroponically under Si‐supplemented or Si‐free conditions and measured the level of Si induction caused by a polyphagous chewing insect, the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). We also examined the impacts of Si on insect performance by conducting in vitro feeding assays on excised leaves (ex situ) and intact leaves on plants (in situ).3. Herbivory significantly increased Si accumulation both locally in attacked leaves (21% increase in Beit Alpha and 17% in Burpless F1) and systemically in non‐attacked leaves (19% increase in Beit Alpha and 10% in Burpless F1). Si supplementation significantly increased % foliar Si and C:N ratio, while significantly decreasing larval relative consumption (RC) and relative growth rate (RGR) in the in situ assays. In ex situ assays, however, Si only reduced larval RGR when fed on Beit Alpha plants.4. Our results confirm that Si‐based defences can also operate in moderate Si‐accumulating plants and, for the first time, that insect herbivory induces systemic Si accumulation equivalently between plant varieties.
Priority measures for publicly reporting primary care performance: Results of public engagement through deliberative dialogues in 3 Canadian provinces
Authors: Slater Morgan , Abelson Julia , Wong Sabrina T. , Langton Julia M. , Burge Fred , Hogg William , Hogel Matthew , Martin‐Misener Ruth , Johnston Sharon 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectiveWhile public reporting of hospital‐based performance measurement is commonplace, it has lagged in the primary care sector, especially in Canada. Despite the increasing recognition of patients as active partners in the health‐care system, little is known about what information about primary care performance is relevant to the Canadian public. We explored patient perspectives and priorities for the public reporting of primary care performance measures.MethodsWe conducted six deliberative dialogue sessions across three Canadian provinces (British Columbia, Ontario, Nova Scotia). Participants were asked to rank and discuss the importance of collecting and reporting on specific dimensions and indicators of primary care performance. We conducted a thematic analysis of the data.ResultsFifty‐six patients participated in the dialogue sessions. Measures of access to primary care providers, communication with providers and continuity of information across all providers involved in a patient's care were identified as the highest priority indicators of primary care performance from a patient perspective. Several common measures of quality of care, such as rates of cancer screening, were viewed as too patient dependent to be used to evaluate the health system or primary care provider's performance.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that public reporting aimed at patient audiences should focus on a nuanced measure of access, incorporation of context reported alongside measurement that is for public audiences, clear reporting on provider communication and a measure of information continuity. Participants highlighted the importance the public places on their providers staying up to date with advances in care.
Comparison of high‐flow and conventional nasal cannula oxygen in patients undergoing endobronchial ultrasonography
Authors: Yilmazel Ucar Elif , Araz Ömer , Kerget Bugra , Akgun Metin , Saglam Leyla 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundOxygen therapy is required to prevent hypoxaemia during the endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) procedure.AimsTo compare the effectiveness of oxygen therapy delivered through high‐flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and conventional nasal cannula (CNC) in patients undergoing EBUS. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who desaturated. Patient compliance and satisfaction were also evaluated.MethodsThis single‐centre prospective interventional study was conducted in a tertiary hospital among patients who presented to the EBUS unit in 2018 and 2019. Patients were randomly assigned to the HFNC group or the CNC group.ResultsThe study included 170 patients (111 men and 59 women) with a mean age of 58 ± 14 years. The number of patients experiencing desaturation while receiving oxygen was statistically significantly lower (P < 0.001) in the HFNC group (n = 5) compared with the CNC group (n = 26). Oxygen therapy was adjusted in two patients in the CNC group due to desaturation. Saturation was significantly higher in the HFNC group (P < 0.0001) at the end of the EBUS procedure. Heart rate at the end of EBUS was lower in the HFNC group, but this difference was not statistically significant (96 ± 16 vs 101 ± 19, P = 0.13). Five patients in the HFNC group and 18 patients in the CNC group reported discomfort during the procedure (P = 0.006).ConclusionOxygen therapy delivered by HFNC seems to be safer and more effective than by CNC in patients undergoing EBUS. Oxygen therapy with HFNC may be considered as an alternative to CNC because it may increase patient comfort and thereby improve compliance.
Statistical Implementations of Agent‐Based Demographic Models
Authors: Hooten Mevin , Wikle Christopher , Schwob Michael 
Published: August 2020

SummaryA variety of demographic statistical models exist for studying population dynamics when individuals can be tracked over time. In cases where data are missing due to imperfect detection of individuals, the associated measurement error can be accommodated under certain study designs (e.g. those that involve multiple surveys or replication). However, the interaction of the measurement error and the underlying dynamic process can complicate the implementation of statistical agent‐based models (ABMs) for population demography. In a Bayesian setting, traditional computational algorithms for fitting hierarchical demographic models can be prohibitively cumbersome to construct. Thus, we discuss a variety of approaches for fitting statistical ABMs to data and demonstrate how to use multi‐stage recursive Bayesian computing and statistical emulators to fit models in such a way that alleviates the need to have analytical knowledge of the ABM likelihood. Using two examples, a demographic model for survival and a compartment model for COVID‐19, we illustrate statistical procedures for implementing ABMs. The approaches we describe are intuitive and accessible for practitioners and can be parallelised easily for additional computational efficiency.
A transitional care intervention for hypertension control for older people with diabetes: A cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tu Qiang , Xiao Lily Dongxia , Ullah Shahid , Fuller Jeffrey , Du Huiyun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the effect of a nurse‐coordinated hospital‐initiated transitional care programme on hypertension control for older people with diabetes in China.DesignA cluster randomized controlled trial.MethodsA total of 10 wards (clusters) of four acute care hospitals participated in the trial. They were randomly assigned to the intervention group or the control group. A total of 270 participants (135 in each group) were recruited from these wards. Data were collected between June 2016 ‐ June 2017. Participants in the intervention group received a 6‐month hospital to home transitional care programme coordinated by discharge nurses and community nurses. The programme comprised self‐management education, lifestyle changes, individualized medication treatment, structured telephone support, and primary care visits. Outcomes were measured at baseline, and 3 months and 6 months from the baseline.ResultsThe mean age was 70.9 (SD 5.8) years and 55% of participants were men. The intervention group demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in mean systolic blood pressure of 10.7 mmHg and mean diastolic blood pressure of 4.1 mmHg compared with the control group. The findings also demonstrated significant improvements in HbA1c, hypertension knowledge, diabetes knowledge, treatment adherence, quality of life, hospital readmission, and emergency department visits in the intervention group compared with the control group. However, no significant differences in adverse events were observed between the two groups.ConclusionsA hospital‐initiated and nurse‐coordinated transitional care intervention improves hypertension control and reduces hospital readmissions for older people with diabetes.ImpactLack hospital to home transitional care for hospitalized older people with hypertension and diabetes can result in high readmission rates and emergency department visits. A hospital‐initiated and nurse‐coordinated transitional care intervention built on collaboration between acute care hospitals and community health centres results in improved hypertension control and reduced readmissions for older people with diabetes and other chronic conditions. An integrated and well‐coordinated care services between acute care hospitals and community health centres can strengthen the primary care approach to supporting self‐management of hypertension, diabetes, and other ageing‐associated health conditions for community‐dwelling older people.Trial registrationThe trial was registered with the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ID: ACTRN12617001352392).