bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy efficient transmission in dynamic PDMA‐based systems with RF energy harvesting
Authors: Hooshiary A. , Azmi P. , Mokari N. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and energy harvesting technologies are two promising approaches to increase spectral and energy efficiency, respectively. In this paper, a pattern division multiple access (PDMA) uplink transmission network in which users are able to harvest energy from the received radio frequency power is considered. In order to maximize the energy efficiency, we perform resource allocation in the power, subcarrier, and time domains. Also, for each time slot, the pattern matrix is determined dynamically. To enhance the detection reliability, successive interference cancellation and maximal ratio combining at each receiver are utilized. For resource allocation, the actual harvested and available energies of the users are considered. Moreover, in order to perform a comprehensive analysis, further to PDMA, the energy efficiency of the power domain NOMA (PD‐NOMA) is also investigated and the results are compared. It is shown that the energy efficiency and the average total transferred data of PDMA are higher than that of PD‐NOMA.
Performance of type X gypsum board on timber to non‐standard fire exposure
Authors: Chorlton Bronwyn , Forrest Bronwyn , Gales John , Weckman Beth 
Published: March 2020

SummaryTimber buildings are becoming increasingly sought after for their aesthetic and environmental appeal. Commonly, timber elements are encapsulated using multi‐layered fire rated gypsum board in order to prevent the timber from contributing additional fuel load to the fire or to be approved by authorities. In recent studies performed in the last 5 years where non‐standard fire exposures have been utilised, there have been concerns as to whether encapsulation successfully can improve the fire performance of the assembly due to board fall off or heat penetration between layers in the full duration of a non‐standard fire scenario (which includes cooling phases and burn out). There has been a dearth of attention in understanding the underlying mechanisms to these documented behaviours. To address this research gap, a two‐stage research program studying multi‐layered and fire‐rated gypsum clad stand‐alone columns was undertaken by the authors in both a field and controlled laboratory study. These experiments were conducted with the purpose of understanding timber column multi‐layered encapsulation performance in non‐standard fires that include a natural cooling phase. In the field study, a stand‐alone timber column within a large, open farm structure was encapsulated in three layers fire rated gypsum board. The fire was spot‐ignited and allowed to burn until the building and the column collapsed. That experiment provided evidence that the fire rated gypsum board was not sufficient to protect this timber column, as the temperature increases under the layers of gypsum board were equivalent to the temperature increases on the exterior of the column. The second stage of the research involved four, encapsulated timber columns with localised non‐standard fires (methanol pool fires exposing one face only) in controlled laboratory conditions. These tests used novel narrow‐band spectrum illumination to document the underlying breakdown of the gypsum board with non‐standard fire exposure and cooling phases. Results of these experiments imply that timber elements can be adequately protected from fire exposure providing that the screw spacing is strictly adhered to and redundant layers are utilised. The article concludes with a listing of priority research areas that will advance knowledge of the performance of gypsum boards on timber in fire.
Impaired Bile Secretion Promotes Hepatobiliary Injury in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Vats Ravi , Liu Silvia , Zhu Junjie , Mukhi Dhanunjay , Tutuncuoglu Egemen , Cardenes Nayra , Singh Sucha , Brzoska Tomasz , Kosar Karis , Bamne Mikhil , Jonassaint Jude , Adebayo Michael Adeola , Watkins Simon C. , Hillery Cheryl , Ma Xiaochao , Nejak‐Bowen Kari , Rojas Mauricio , Gladwin Mark T. , Kato Gregory J. , Ramakrishnan Sadeesh , Sundd Prithu , Monga Satdarshan Pal , Pradhan‐Sundd Tirthadipa 
Published: March 2020

Background and Aims
Hepatic crisis is an emergent complication affecting patients with sickle cell disease (SCD); however, the molecular mechanism of sickle cell hepatobiliary injury remains poorly understood. Using the knock‐in humanized mouse model of SCD and SCD patient blood, we sought to mechanistically characterize SCD‐associated hepato‐pathophysiology applying our recently developed quantitative liver intravital imaging, RNA sequence analysis, and biochemical approaches.

Approach and Results
SCD mice manifested sinusoidal ischemia, progressive hepatomegaly, liver injury, hyperbilirubinemia, and increased ductular reaction under basal conditions. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) activation in the liver of SCD mice inhibited farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling and its downstream targets, leading to loss of canalicular bile transport and altered bile acid pool. Intravital imaging revealed impaired bile secretion into the bile canaliculi, which was secondary to loss of canalicular bile transport and bile acid metabolism, leading to intrahepatic bile accumulation in SCD mouse liver. Blocking NF‐κB activation rescued FXR signaling and partially ameliorated liver injury and sinusoidal ischemia in SCD mice.

Conclusions
These findings identify that NF‐κB/FXR‐dependent impaired bile secretion promotes intrahepatic bile accumulation, which contributes to hepatobiliary injury of SCD. Improved understanding of these processes could potentially benefit the development of therapies to treat sickle cell hepatic crisis.
Hepatic Regulator of G Protein Signaling 5 Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Suppressing Transforming Growth Factor Beta–Activated Kinase 1–c‐Jun‐N‐Terminal Kinase/p38 Signaling
Authors: Wang Junyong , Ma Junpeng , Nie Hongyu , Zhang Xiao‐Jing , Zhang Peng , She Zhi‐Gang , Li Hongliang , Ji Yan‐Xiao , Cai Jingjing 
Published: March 2020

Background and Aims
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease, which has no specific pharmacological treatments partially because of the unclear pathophysiological mechanisms. Regulator of G protein signaling (RGSs) proteins are proteins that negatively regulate G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. The members of the R4/B subfamily are the smallest RGS proteins in size, and RGS5 belongs to this family, which mediates pluripotent biological functions through canonical G protein–mediated pathways and non‐GPCR pathways. This study combined a genetically engineered rodent model and a transcriptomics‐sequencing approach to investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of RGS5 in the development of NAFLD.

Approach and Results
This study found that RGS5 protects against NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Using RNA sequencing and an unbiased systematic investigative approach, this study found that the activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling cascades in response to metabolic challenge is negatively associated with hepatic RGS5 expression. Mechanistically, we found that the 64‐181 amino‐acid‐sequence (aa) fragment of RGS5 directly interacts with transforming growth factor beta–activated kinase 1 (TAK1) through the 1‐300aa fragment and inhibits TAK1 phosphorylation and the subsequent c‐Jun‐N‐terminal kinase (JNK)/p38 pathway activation.

Conclusions
In hepatocytes, RGS5 is an essential molecule that protects against the progression of NAFLD. RGS5 directly binds to TAK1, preventing its hyperphosphorylation and the activation of the downstream JNK/p38 signaling cascade. RGS5 is a promising target molecule for fine‐tuning the activity of TAK1 and for the treatment of NAFLD.
Noninvasive multimodal imaging by integrating optical coherence tomography with autofluorescence imaging for dental applications
Authors: Le Nhan , Subhash Hrebesh M. , Kilpatrick‐Liverman LaTonya , Wang Ruikang K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe report the development of an integrated multifunctional imaging system capable of providing anatomical (optical coherence tomography, OCT), functional (OCT angiography, OCTA) and molecular imaging (light‐induced autofluorescence, LIAF) for in vivo dental applications. Blue excitation light (405 nm) was used for LIAF imaging, while the OCT was powered by a 1310 nm swept laser source. A red‐green‐blue digital camera, with a 450 nm cut‐on broadband optical filter, was used for LIAF detection. The exciting light source and camera were integrated directly with the OCT scanning probe. The integrated system used two noninvasive imaging modalities to improve the speed of in vivo OCT data collection and to better target the regions of interest. The newly designed system maintained the ability to detect differences between healthy and hypomineralized teeth, identify dental biofilm and visualize the microvasculature of gingival tissue. The development of the integrated OCT‐LIAF system provides an opportunity to conduct clinical studies more efficiently, examining changes in oral conditions over time.
A novel crosslinker‐free technique toward the fabrication of collagen microspheres
Authors: Snider Colten , Bellrichard Mitch , Meyer Amber , Kannan Raghuraman , Grant Dave , Grant Sheila 
Published: March 2020

AbstractInjectable collagen microspheres (CMs) have the potential to be an excellent tool to deliver various modulatory agents or to be used as a cellular transporter. A drawback has been the difficulty in producing reliable and spherical CMs. A crosslinker‐free method to fabricate CMs was developed using liquid collagen (LC) in a water‐in‐oil emulsion process with varying concentrations of surfactant span‐80. Different emulsion times of up to 16‐hr were utilized to produce the CMs. Visual microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were utilized to determine the morphology of the CMs. To determine the fibril nature of the CMs, focus ion beam milling, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Fourier Transformation‐Infrared spectroscopy were performed. A cell biocompatibility study was performed to assess the biocompatibility of the CMs. The results demonstrated that consistent spherical CMs were achievable by changing the span‐80 concentration. The CMs were fibrilized not only at the surface, but also at the core. Both the 1‐ and 16‐hr emulsion time demonstrated biocompatibility and it appeared that the cells preferentially adhered to the CMs. This crosslinker‐free method to fabricate CMs resulted in spherical, stable, biocompatible CMs, and could be an excellent technique for multiple tissue engineering applications.
Leaching of hexavalent chromium from young chromite ore processing residue
Authors: Matern Katrin , Weigand Harald , Kretzschmar Ruben , Mansfeldt Tim 
Published: March 2020

AbstractChromite ore processing residue (COPR) is a waste derived from the chromate extraction from roasted ores and is deposited in some countries in landfills. The objective of this study was to investigate the leaching characteristics of hexavalent Cr [Cr(VI)] from two COPR samples obtained from unlined landfills in the Kanpur area of northern India. Column experiments were conducted under water‐saturated conditions to simulate Cr release from the wastes caused by tropical heavy‐rain events. Leached Cr(VI) decreased from 1,800 to 300 mg L−1 (Rania site) and 1,200 to 163 mg L−1 (Chhiwali site) during exchange of 12 pore volumes, which approximately corresponds to 2 yr of monsoon precipitation. Flow interruptions for 10, 100, and 1,000 h had little effect on Cr(VI) concentrations in the leachate, suggesting that Cr(VI) leaching was not limited by slow release kinetics. Calcium aluminum chromium oxide hydrates (CAC), and highly soluble phases such as Na2CrO4 may play a role in controlling Cr(VI) concentration in the leachates. The amount of Cr(VI) leached from the columns accounted for 16% of the total Cr(VI) present in both COPR samples. A decrease in the solid‐phase Cr(VI)/Crtotal ratio along the column was identified by X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. Consistently, the smallest Cr(VI)/Crtotal ratios were found in the lower column section closest to the inflow. Our results suggest that Cr(VI) leaching from the unlined COPR landfills will continue for centuries, highlighting the urgent need to remediate these dumpsites.
Nutrient loss from floodplain soil with controlled subsurface drainage under forage production
Authors: Nash Patrick R. , Singh Gurbir , Nelson Kelly A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExpansion of subsurface drainage into forage production may have a deleterious effect on surface waters due to increased nitrogen and phosphorus loading. The impact of controlled subsurface drainage (CD) on nitrogen and phosphorus loss compared with free subsurface drainage (FD) in tile drainage water has been explored to a lesser extent from forage production systems. This study quantifies the effects of CD and FD on average seasonal concentrations and cumulative loads of the total suspended solids (TSS), nitrate nitrogen (NO3–N), and dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP) in subsurface drainage water from a poorly drained floodplain soil in a cereal rye (Secale cereale L.)–sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] rotation with rotational cattle grazing. During all crop seasons of sorghum production (2010–2013), CD had 6.03–9.63 mg L−1 less NO3–N than FD. Mean DRP concentration was significantly higher for CD than for FD during all seasons except for sorghum in 2012–2013. Average cumulative discharge was 38 and 314 m3 ha−1 less for CD than for FD during sorghum and cereal rye growing seasons, respectively. Controlled drainage had 0.68–6.14 kg ha−1 lower cumulative NO3–N loads than FD. The DRP loads were dependent on discharge. During sorghum growing seasons, TSS and DRP loads were 79–90% lower in CD compared with FD. The ability to reduce drainage water flow from tiles and subsequent nitrogen and phosphorus loading with CD compared with FD in a floodplain soil indicates that CD can be effective best management practice for forage production systems.
Editorial for “Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification in Men With a Clinical Suspicion of Prostate Cancer Using a Unique Biparametric MRI and Expression of 11 Genes in Apparently Benign Tissue: Evaluation Using Machine‐Learning Techniques”
Authors: Moses Daniel A. 
Published: March 2020

Level of Evidence5Technical Efficacy Stage3J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1554–1555.
Association of Body Composition, Physical Functioning, and Protein Intake in Adult Patients With Mitochondrial Diseases
Authors: Zweers Heidi E. E. , Bordier Valentine , in ‘t Hulst Jeanne , Janssen Mirian C. H. , Wanten Geert J. A. , Leij‐Halfwerk Susanne 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundWhether decreased physical functioning of patients with mitochondrial disease (MD) is related to altered body composition or low protein intake needs clarification at the background of the nutrition state.MethodsIn this 2‐site cross‐sectional study, MD patients were age‐, body mass index (BMI)–, and gender‐matched to controls. Body composition was assessed by dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry. Physical functioning was measured by handgrip strength, 6‐minute walking test, 30‐second sit‐to‐stand test (30SCT), and 6‐minute mastication test. Total daily protein intake was calculated by 3‐day food records. Malnutrition was assessed by Patient‐Generated Subjective Global Assessment and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria and sarcopenia by the 2018 consensus. Data were analyzed using independent samples t‐tests, Fisher exact test, and Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients.ResultsThirty‐seven MD patients (42 ± 12 years, BMI: 23 ± 4 kg/m2, 59% females) and 37 matched controls were included. Handgrip strength was moderate, inversely related to fat mass index in both MD patients and controls, whereas it correlated with fat‐free mass index in controls solely. Protein intake was associated with muscle strength (handgrip strength and 30SCT) in MD patients but not in controls. Twenty‐seven MD patients (73%) were malnourished, and 5 (14%) were classified as sarcopenic.ConclusionsMuscle strength is related to body composition and protein intake in MD patients. This, in combination with the high incidence of both malnutrition and sarcopenia, warrants individual nutrition assessment in MD patients.
Analog LCOS SLM devices for AR display applications
Authors: Fan‐Chiang Kuan‐Hsu , Huang Shang‐Hao , Shen Che‐Yung , Wang Hsing‐Lung , Li Yuet‐Wing , Tsai Hsien‐Chang , Huang Yi‐Pai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLiquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) device is a potential candidate for spatial light modulators (SLMs) due to its high resolution and the wide range of tunable phase retardation. Besides the telecom applications, SLM is also very promising for display applications, especially for the augmented reality (AR) displays. In this paper, we will discuss the advantages of analog LCOS SLM compared with the digital one. A 0.6‐in short‐loop sample test result with precise cell gap controlled is discussed. A fast liquid crystal with high birefringence that attains less than 2.5‐ms full‐on–full‐off response time is also introduced. Regarding the computer‐generated hologram (CGH), a new algorithm called multiconstraints angular spectrum algorithm (MASA) is proposed to enhance the image quality of dual‐plane holographic projection.
Bitcoin's dynamic peer‐to‐peer topology
Authors: Essaid Meryam , Park Sejin , Ju Hong‐Taek 
Published: March 2020

SummaryTopology discovery is a prerequisite when investigating the network properties; with the enormous number of Bitcoin users and performance issues, it becomes critical to analyse the network in a fashion that makes it possible to detect all Bitcoin's nodes and understand their behaviour. In massive, dynamic, and distributed peer‐to‐peer (P2P) networks like Bitcoin, where thousands of updates occur per second, it is hard to obtain an accurate topology representing the structure of the network as a graph with nodes and links by using the traditional local measurement approaches based on batches, offline data, or on the discovery of the topology around a small set of nodes and then combine them to discover an approximate network topology. All of which present some limitation when applying them on blockchain‐based networks. In this paper, we propose a topology discovery system that performs a real‐time data collection and analysis for Bitcoin P2P links, which assembles incoming nodes information for deeper graph analysis processing. The topology discovery system allows us to gain knowledge on the Bitcoin network size, the network stability in terms of reachable, churn, and well‐connected nodes, as well as some data regarding the effects of some countries' Internet infrastructure on Bitcoin traffic.
Effect of surfactant molecular structure on the electrical and thermal performance of epoxy/functionalized‐graphene nanocomposites
Authors: Vryonis Orestis , Andritsch Thomas , Vaughan Alun S. , Lewin Paul L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, three different moieties containing amino‐groups were incorporated into graphene oxide (GO) in order to modify interfacial interactions within an epoxy matrix. The GO was functionalized with two bifunctional molecules of different molar masses (d230 and d4000) and a trifunctional (t440). The resulting functionalized GO (fGO) systems were characterized by Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which demonstrated the presence of the functionalizer groups. Analysis of nanocomposites including the above three fGOs by microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) demonstrated that the presence of the functionalizer moieties served to improve the platelet distribution within the matrix and to affect the local fGO/matrix interfacial interactions perturbing the epoxy curing reactions; we suggest that these changes stem from the fGO surface structure and the introduction of additional reactive amine nitrogen. X‐ray diffraction revealed reduced graphitic stacking with increased functionalizer molar mass. The electrical conductivity of the fGO‐filled epoxy was enhanced with increasing functionalizer molecular weight, an effect we relate to the influence of this on platelet stacking. The thermal conductivity was, however, adversely affected by all reagents at low fGO contents.
Control of the particle microstructure during the synthesis of bulk‐polymerized transparent methacrylate‐acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene resin
Authors: Xu Lu , Liu Baijun , Zhang Mingyao , Bai Yang , Zhang Jinming , Song Jiayin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA series of methacrylate‐acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (MABS) resins was prepared using bulk polymerization. The polarity of the continuous phase and the compatibility of two phases were changed by adjusting the methyl methacrylate (MMA) content, choosing values that were close to styrene‐butadiene rubber solubility value. The possibility of controlling the microstructure of the MABS resin by changing the polarity of the components and the compatibility of two phases was assessed. The dynamic mechanical analysis shows that the compatibility of two phases varies with the MMA content. The morphological analysis shows that increasing MMA contents results in a gradual decrease in the sub‐inclusion structure with a network skeleton of rubber particles, and that all the particles become solid rubber when the MMA content reaches 75%. The sub‐inclusion structure reappears but does not have a network skeleton when the MMA content is 90%. The impact strength and morphological analysis indicate that the solid rubber particles and the sub‐inclusion structure with a network skeleton provide excellent toughness, while the sub‐inclusion structure without a network skeleton does not. In contrast, the transmittance of the ABS resin first increased and then decreased with increasing MMA content.
Mapping p38α mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling by proximity‐dependent labeling
Authors: Prikas Emmanuel , Poljak Anne , Ittner Arne 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMitogen‐activated protein (MAP) kinase signaling is central to multiple cellular responses and processes. MAP kinase p38α is the best characterized member of the p38 MAP kinase family. Upstream factors and downstream targets of p38α have been identified in the past by conventional methods such as coimmunoprecipitation. However, a complete picture of its interaction partners and substrates in cells is lacking. Here, we employ a proximity‐dependent labeling approach using biotinylation tagging to map the interactome of p38α in cultured 293T cells. Fusing the advanced biotin ligase BioID2 to the N‐terminus of p38α, we used mass spectrometry to identify 37 biotin‐labeled proteins that putatively interact with p38α. Gene ontology analysis confirms known upstream and downstream factors in the p38 MAP kinase cascade (e.g., MKK3, MAPKAPK2, TAB2, and c‐jun). We furthermore identify a cluster of zinc finger (ZnF) domain‐containing proteins that is significantly enriched among proximity‐labeled interactors and is involved in gene transcription and DNA damage response. Fluorescence imaging and coimmunoprecipitation with overexpressed p38α in cells supports an interaction of p38α with ZnF protein XPA, a key factor in the DNA damage response, that is promoted by UV irradiation. These results define an extensive network of interactions of p38α in cells and new direct molecular targets of MAP kinase p38α in gene regulation and the DNA damage response.