bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DIKSI DAN GAYA KALIMAT DALAM NOVEL HAFALAN SHALAT DELISA KARYA TERE LIYE
Authors: Prastica Destriana , Wulandari Yosi 
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi karena ketertarikan akan keunikan penggunaan bahasa (diksi dan gaya kalimat) dalam novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa karya Tere Liye. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan diksi yang terdapat dalam novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa karya Tere Liye;dan (2) mendeskripsikan gaya kalimat yang terdapat dalam novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa karya Tere Liye. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa karya Tere Liye, sedangkan objek penelitian ini adalah diksi dan gaya kalimat dalam novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa karya Tere Liye sebagai alternatif bahan ajar sastra di SMA. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik kepustakaan, simak/sadap, dan catat. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa teks novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa karya Tere Liye. Hasil penelitian ini sebagai berikut. (1) Diksi yang paling dominan digunakan dalam novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa karya Tere Liye adalah kata-kata asing yang diasumsikan sebagai gambaran kemampuan pengarang dalam penguasaan bahasa lain. (2) Gaya kalimat yang paling dominan digunakan dalam novel Hafalan Shalat Delisa karya Tere Liye adalah kalimat dengan sarana retorika, hal ini menunjukkan pengarang memanfaatkan sarana retorika agar pesan yang ingin disampaikan lewat cerita dapat diterima dan diinterpretasi oleh banyak dari berbagai sudut pandang.Kata kunci: diksi, gaya kalimat, Hafalan Shalat Delisa, Tere Liye
Development of an Attendance System Based on Cloud / Fog Computing with Data Recovery Capability
Authors: Younis Mohammed I. , Younis Manal F. , Abed Marwa M. , Alserawi Abdulrahman A. 
Published: May 2020

Given the high importance of attendance for university students, upon which the possibility of keeping or losing their places in the course is based, it is essential to replace the inefficient manual method of attendance recording with a more efficient one. To handle this problem, technology must be introduced into this process. This paper aims to propose an automatic attendance system based on passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), fog, and cloud computing technologies (AASCF). The system has three sides. The first one, which is the Client-side; works on collecting the attendance data then sending a copy from it. The second side, which is the Server-side, works on calculating an absence ratio of all the students during the course. The third side is the Fog-server. Data sent by the client-side reaches to the Fog-server which, in turn, sends data to the cloud at the end of the of working time at the university. This paper also reviews the state-of-the-art automatic attendance systems and shows the merits and demerits for each approach by providing a checklist comparison. Unlike the previous works, the proposed system protects data from wasting and ensures its arrival to the cloud even in cases of connection losing or device crashing, which is the contribution of this paper.
Presentación
Authors: Prieto Stambaugh Antonio , Amezcua Gisel , Gutiérrez Bracho Carlos 
Published: May 2020

El presente número de la revista Investigación Teatral se terminó de editar durante la contingencia causada por la pandemia del Covid-19. Mediante una medida sin antecedentes en la historia, todos los espacios escénicos del mundo fueron cerrados, por lo que se cancelaron o pospusieron innumerables funciones presenciales de teatro, danza, ópera y arte-acción. Si bien ha sido necesario recurrir al distanciamiento social para combatir colectivamente el avance de la epidemia, nos toca reflexionar sobre las consecuencias que tienen estas medidas sobre el quehacer escénico a mediano y largo plazo. Se ha hecho evidente, por ejemplo, la vulnerabilidad laboral de actores, bailarines, directores, escenógrafos, tramoyistas y demás trabajadores que hacen posible los montajes.
ASSESSMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURE OF DISTRICT PUBLIC LIBRARY SYSTEM IN KOTA REGION (RAJASTHAN)
Authors: Singh Dr. Gurnam , Shrivastava Dr.Deepak Kumar 
Published: May 2020

The public libraries play very important role in fostering the intellectual development of society at large. They support both formal and non-formal education systems of our society. They are considered as People’s University and serve as a center for self-education and lifelong learning. They are considered to be an intellectual power house which strives to fulfill and meet the educational needs of the public through varied resources and services Presented Research Paper reveals that Rajasthan State are need urgent attention on the District Public libraries for lack of staff and insufficient budget. It’s great achievement that in 2006, Library legislation passed in Rajasthan but not seems their major effects till today. I think Rajasthan needs advocacy to run the Public libraries. In Rajasthan, maximum libraries are facing the problem of book losses and no regular basis stock verification done. Hope after reviewing this study Govt. of Rajasthan will observe the pros and cons.
Modifikasi Model Chick Untuk Klorinasi Limbah Industri Dengan Berbagai Variasi Bakteri Dan Konsentrasi Klorin
Authors: Nulhakim Lukman , Suprano Suparno , Guntama Dody , Putri Afifah Suryono , Hidayat Rahmat 
Published: May 2020

Air limbah mengandung berbagai macam mikroorganisme yang bersifat pathogen (bakteri dan virus) yang dapat membahayakan manusia. Mikroorganisme tersebut dapat dihilangkan dengan proses disinfeksi menggunakan klorin. Untuk peracancagan alat disinfeksi, pada penelitian ini dibentuk model kinetika baru untuk merepresentasikan data. Model dibentuk dengan mengembangakan model kinetika chick yang digabungkan dengan persamaan empiris (persamaan linier). Nilai SSE pada Model yang dibentuk dibandingkan dengan model kinetika yang sudah ada seperti Hom dan Has. Pada sampel air limbah Industri ditambahkan klorin hingga konsentrasi klorin di dalam air limbah sebesar 0,05, 0,1, 0,15, 0,2, 0,25 ppm. Setiap waktu 1, 2, 4, 6,8,10 dan 20 menit, 1 ml sampel dihitung jumlah bakterinya dengan motode pour flate. Pada penelitian ini model yang dihasilkan dapat merepresentasikan dengan baik data pada konsentrasi 0,1 – 0,25 ppm. Nilai konstanta pada kinetika seperti k sebesar 0,725 menit-1, a1 sebesar 2,6384 ppm-1 dan a2 sebesar 0,2057. Pada konsentrasi 0,1 - 0,25 ppm, model yang dibentuk pada penelitian ini lebih baik merepresentasikan data dibandingkan dengan model Hom dan Has.
PERBUATAN MELAWAN HUKUM DALAM PERJANJIAN JUAL-BELI APARTEMEN SECARA KREDIT DITINJAU DARI PASAL 1338 ayat (3) KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PERDATA DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN
Authors: Widiarti Ari 
Published: May 2020

Jual beli adalah suatu perjanjian bertimbal-balik dalam mana pihak yang satu (si penjual) berjanji untuk menyerahkan hak milik atas suatu barang, sedang pihak yang lainnya (si pembeli) berjanji untuk membayar harga yang terdiri atas sejumlah uang sebagai imbalan dari perolehan hak milik tersebut.Pemberian kredit yang dilakukan oleh pihak bank kepada nasabah untuk membayar pembelian apartemen atas dasar kepercayaan dan keyakinan bahwa nasabah yang akan menerima kredit itu mampu dan mau mengembalikan kredit yang telah diterimanya. Dari faktor kemampuan dan kemauan tersebut, tersimpul unsur kemanan dan sekaligus juga unsur keuntungan dari suatu kredit. Kedua unsur tersebut saling berkaitan. Suatu pinjaman yang diberikan secara khusus untuk membiayai transaksi, misalnya memperoleh barang, jasa, atau tanah disebut dalam undang-undang sebagai debitor creditor supplier agreement. Itikad baik dalam pra perjanjian dan penyusunan perjanjian mewajibkan para pihak untuk memberitahukan atau menjelaskan fakta material kepada pihak yang lain mengenai pokok yang di negoisasikan itu. PT Multi Artha Griya selaku produsen berkewajiban untuk memberitahukan kepada konsumennya bahwa persyaratan aturan untuk pengikatan perjanjian jual beli (PPJB) dikarenakan suami dari Konsumen ternyata adalah Warga Negara Asing, maka ada syarat mutlak yang harus dipenuhi yaitu adanya perjanjian Pra-nikah antara si suami dan isteri sebelum melakukan Down Payment, sehingga konsumen akan mempertibangkan untuk membeli Apartemen tersebut atau tidak. Tidak adanya itikad baik dari produsen mengenai hal tersebut mengakibatkan produsen telah melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum yakni bertentangan dengan Pasal 4 angka 7, Pasal 7 angka 1 Undang-undang Perlindungan konsumen dan Pasal 1338 ayat 3 Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Perdata.
Pregnancy and parental leave among neurosurgeons and neurosurgical trainees
Authors: Gupta Mihir , Reichl Allison , Diaz-Aguilar Luis Daniel , Duddleston Pate J. , Ullman Jamie S. , Muraszko Karin M. , Timmons Shelly D. , Germano Isabelle M. , Abosch Aviva , Sweet Jennifer A. , Pannullo Susan C. , Benzil Deborah L. , Ben-Haim Sharona 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE
Despite recently heightened advocacy efforts relating to pregnancy and family leave policies in multiple surgical specialties, no studies to date have described female neurosurgeons’ experiences with childbearing. The AANS/CNS Section of Women in Neurosurgery created the Women and Pregnancy Task Force to ascertain female neurosurgeons’ experiences with and attitudes toward pregnancy and the role of family leave policies.

METHODS
A voluntary online 28-question survey examined the pregnancy experiences of female neurosurgeons and perceived barriers to childbearing. The survey was developed and electronically distributed to all members of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons and Congress of Neurological Surgeons who self-identified as female in February 2016. Responses from female resident physicians, fellows, and current or retired practicing neurosurgeons were analyzed.

RESULTS
A total of 126 women (20.3%) responded to the survey; 57 participants (49%) already had children, and 39 (33%) planned to do so. Participants overwhelmingly had or planned to have children during the early practice and senior residency years. The most frequent obstacles experienced or anticipated included insufficient time to care for newborns (47% of women with children, 92% of women planning to have children), discrimination by coworkers (31% and 77%, respectively), and inadequate time for completion of board requirements (18% and 51%, respectively). There was substantial variability in family leave policies, and a minority of participants (35%) endorsed the presence of any formal policy at their institution. Respondents described myriad unique challenges associated with pregnancy and family leave.

CONCLUSIONS
Pregnancy and family leave pose significant challenges to the recruitment, retention, and advancement of women in neurosurgery. It is thus imperative to promote clear family leave policies for trainees and practitioners, address discrimination surrounding these topics, and encourage forethought and flexibility to tackle obstacles inherent in pregnancy and the early stages of child rearing.
Readmission and reoperation for hydrocephalus: a population-based analysis across the spectrum of age
Authors: LeHanka Allison , Piatt Joseph 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE
Hydrocephalus is a common, chronic illness that generally requires lifelong, longitudinal, neurosurgical care. Except at select research centers, surgical outcomes in the United States have not been well documented. Comparative outcomes across the spectrum of age have not been studied.

METHODS
Data were derived for the year 2015 from the Nationwide Readmissions Database, a product of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. In this data set patients are assigned state-specific codes that link repeated discharges through the calendar year. Discharges with diagnostic codes for hydrocephalus were extracted, and for each patient the first discharge defined the index admission. The study event was readmission. Observations were censored at the end of the year. In a similar fashion the first definitive surgical procedure for hydrocephalus was defined as the index operation, and the study event was reoperation for hydrocephalus or complications. Survival without readmission and survival without reoperation were analyzed using life tables and Kaplan-Meier plots.

RESULTS
Readmission rates at 30 days ranged between 15.6% and 16.8% by age group without significant differences. After the index admission the first readmission alone generated estimated hospital charges of $2.25 billion nationwide. Reoperation rates at 30 days were 34.9% for infants, 39.2% for children, 47.4% for adults, and 32.4% for elders. These differences were highly significant. More than 3 times as many index operations were captured for adults and elders as for infants and children. Estimated 1-year reoperation rates were 74.2% for shunt insertion, 63.9% for shunt revision, but only 34.5% for endoscopic third ventriculostomy. Univariate associations with survival without readmission and survival without reoperation are presented.

CONCLUSIONS
In the United States hydrocephalus is predominantly a disease of adults. Surgical outcomes in this population-based study were substantially worse than outcomes reported from research centers. High reoperation rates after CSF shunt surgery accounted for this discrepancy.
Establishing the minimum clinically important difference in Neck Disability Index and modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores for adult cervical deformity
Authors: Soroceanu Alex , Smith Justin S. , Lau Darryl , Kelly Michael P. , Passias Peter G. , Protopsaltis Themistocles S. , Gum Jeffrey L. , Lafage Virginie , Kim Han-Jo , Scheer Justin K. , Gupta Munish , Mundis Gregory M. , Klineberg Eric O. , Burton Douglas , Bess Shay , Ames Christopher P. , the International Spine Study Group  
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVEIt is being increasingly recognized that adult cervical deformity (ACD) is correlated with significant pain, myelopathy, and disability, and that patients who undergo deformity correction gain significant benefit. However, there are no defined thresholds of minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in Neck Disability Index (NDI) and modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) scores.METHODSPatients of interest were consecutive patients with ACD who underwent cervical deformity correction. ACD was defined as C2–7 sagittal Cobb angle ≥ 10° (kyphosis), C2–7 coronal Cobb angle ≥ 10° (cervical scoliosis), C2–7 sagittal vertical axis ≥ 4 cm, and/or chin-brow vertical angle ≥ 25°. Data were obtained from a consecutive cohort of patients from a multiinstitutional prospective database maintained across 13 sites. Distribution-based MCID, anchor-based MCID, and minimally detectable measurement difference (MDMD) were calculated.RESULTSA total of 73 patients met inclusion criteria and had sufficient 1-year follow-up. In the cohort, 42 patients (57.5%) were female. The mean age at the time of surgery was 62.23 years, and average body mass index was 29.28. The mean preoperative NDI was 46.49 and mJOA was 13.17. There was significant improvement in NDI at 1 year (46.49 vs 37.04; p = 0.0001). There was no significant difference in preoperative and 1-year mJOA (13.17 vs 13.7; p = 0.12). Using multiple techniques to yield MCID thresholds specific to the ACD population, the authors obtained values of 5.42 to 7.48 for the NDI, and 1.00 to 1.39 for the mJOA. The MDMD was 6.4 for the NDI, and 1.8 for the mJOA. Therefore, based on their results, the authors recommend using an MCID threshold of 1.8 for the mJOA, and 7.0 for the NDI in patients with ACD.CONCLUSIONSThe ACD-specific MCID thresholds for NDI and mJOA are similar to the reported MCID following surgery for degenerative cervical disease. Additional studies are needed to verify these findings. Nonetheless, the findings here will be useful for future studies evaluating the success of surgery for patients with ACD undergoing deformity correction.
Prediction of clinical height gain from surgical posterior correction of idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Langlais Tristan , Verdun Stephane , Compagnon Roxane , Ursu Catalin , Vergari Claudio , Barret Hugo , Morin Christian 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVEThe best predictors of height gain due to surgical correction are the number of fused vertebrae and the degrees of the corrected Cobb angle. Existing studies of predictive models measured the radiographic spinal height and did not report the clinical height gain. The aims of this study were to determine the best predictive factors of clinical height gain before surgical correction, construct a predictive model using patient population data for machine learning, and test the performance of this model on a validation population.METHODSThe authors reviewed 145 medical records of consecutive patients who underwent surgery that included placement of posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion for idiopathic scoliosis between 2012 and 2016. Standing and sitting clinical heights were measured before and after surgery in patients who had been surgically treated under similar conditions. Multivariate analysis was then performed and the results were used to develop a predictive model for height gain after surgery. The data from the included patients were randomly assigned to a learning set or a test set.RESULTSIn total, 116 patients were included in the analysis, for whom the average postoperative clinical height gain in a standing position was 4.2 ± 1.8 cm (range 0–11 cm). The best prediction model was calculated as follows: standing clinical height gain (cm) = 1 − 0.023 × sitting clinical height (cm) − 0.19 × Risser stage + 0.058 × Cobb preoperative angle (°) + 0.021 × T5–12 kyphosis (°) + 0.14 × number of levels fused. In the validation cohort, 91% of the predicted values had an error of less than one-half of the actual height gain.CONCLUSIONSThis predictive model formula for calculating the potential postoperative height gain after surgical treatment can be used preoperatively to inform idiopathic scoliosis patients of what outcomes they may expect from posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion (taking into account the model’s uncertainty).
Three-dimensional assessment of robot-assisted pedicle screw placement accuracy and instrumentation reliability based on a preplanned trajectory
Authors: Jiang Bowen , Pennington Zach , Zhu Alex , Matsoukas Stavros , Ahmed A. Karim , Ehresman Jeff , Mahapatra Smruti , Cottrill Ethan , Sheppell Hailey , Manbachi Amir , Crawford Neil , Theodore Nicholas 
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVERobotic spine surgery systems are increasingly used in the US market. As this technology gains traction, however, it is necessary to identify mechanisms that assess its effectiveness and allow for its continued improvement. One such mechanism is the development of a new 3D grading system that can serve as the foundation for error-based learning in robot systems. Herein the authors attempted 1) to define a system of providing accuracy data along all three pedicle screw placement axes, that is, cephalocaudal, mediolateral, and screw long axes; and 2) to use the grading system to evaluate the mean accuracy of thoracolumbar pedicle screws placed using a single commercially available robotic system.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed a prospectively maintained, IRB-approved database of patients at a single tertiary care center who had undergone instrumented fusion of the thoracic or lumbosacral spine using robotic assistance. Patients with preoperatively planned screw trajectories and postoperative CT studies were included in the final analysis. Screw accuracy was measured as the net deviation of the planned trajectory from the actual screw trajectory in the mediolateral, cephalocaudal, and screw long axes.RESULTSThe authors identified 47 patients, 51% male, whose pedicles had been instrumented with a total of 254 screws (63 thoracic, 191 lumbosacral). The patients had a mean age of 61.1 years and a mean BMI of 30.0 kg/m2. The mean screw tip accuracies were 1.3 ± 1.3 mm, 1.2 ± 1.1 mm, and 2.6 ± 2.2 mm in the mediolateral, cephalocaudal, and screw long axes, respectively, for a net linear deviation of 3.6 ± 2.3 mm and net angular deviation of 3.6° ± 2.8°. According to the Gertzbein-Robbins grading system, 184 screws (72%) were classified as grade A and 70 screws (28%) as grade B. Placement of 100% of the screws was clinically acceptable.CONCLUSIONSThe accuracy of the discussed robotic spine system is similar to that described for other surgical systems. Additionally, the authors outline a new method of grading screw placement accuracy that measures deviation in all three relevant axes. This grading system could provide the error signal necessary for unsupervised machine learning by robotic systems, which would in turn support continued improvement in instrumentation placement accuracy.
PENGARUH KETERAMPILAN MANAJERIAL KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN PELAYANAN TENAGA ADMINISTRASI TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS KERJA GURU SMA NEGERI DI KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Supiyanto Supiyanto 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRAK
Di sekolah masih banyak ditemukan efektivitas keja guru yang belum sesuai dengan harapan tujuan pendidikan nasional, seperti rerata hasil Ujian Nasional yang masih rendah, serta prosentasi outcome juga masih rendah. hal ini disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, seperti lemahnya ; keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah, pelayanan tenaga administrasi, dan sarana parasarana lainnya. Maka perlu diadakan penelitian pengaruh keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah dan pelayanan tenaga administrasi terhadap efektivitas kerja guru. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh positif Keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah (X1), dan Pelayanan tenaga administrasi (X2) terhadap Efektivitas kerja guru (Y). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survey melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dengan populasi berjumlah 961 orang guru SMAN di Kabupaten Indramayu. Pengolahan datanya menggunakan aplikasi program SPSS. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh informasi ; (1) Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan keterampilan manajerial kepala sekolah (X1) terhadap efektivitas kerja guru (Y), dengan besaran pengaruhnya 33%. (2) Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan pelayanan tenaga administrasi (X2) terhadap efektivitas kerja guru (Y), dengan besaran pengaruhnya 22%.
Incidencia del uso de la tecnología y la actividad física en estudiantes de 7 a 17 año
Authors: Pérez Patricia Cuello , Bustos Linda Chacón , Piña Astrid Guzmán , Cañas Diana Villanueva , David Mónica Arrazola 
Published: May 2020

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal con 165 estudiantes del instituto Distrital de Experiencias Pedagógicas de la ciudad de Barranquilla, para valorar el nivel de actividad física. Se evaluó la edad, el género, el nivel académico, estrato socioeconómico, el IMC, perímetro de cintura y la actividad física con el uso del Cuestionario de actividad física (IPAQ-C). El 64.9% de los participantes tiene entre 8-13 años, el 51% son hombres y el 49% son mujeres, el 21.2% pertenecen al grado 5°, el 88.4% son de estrato socioeconómico 3 y 4, el 38.7% presentan sobrepeso y obesidad; y el promedio del índice de cintura de 67. Con relación a la actividad física el sedentarismo se presenta en un 65.1%; uno de cada cinco estudiantes son obesos. El 98% de los estudiantes dedican en promedio seis horas diarias a las actividades tecnológicas, así: videojuegos con un 48%, televisión con un 30% y uso de la computadora en un 20%. Sólo el 2% no realiza ningún tipo de actividad con el uso de la tecnología.
Se recomienda promover un programa de educación física con mínimo de sesenta minutos, tres veces a la semana.