bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total Body Irradiation and Risk of Breast Cancer After Blood or Marrow Transplantation: A Blood or Marrow Transplantation Survivor Study Report
Authors: McDonald Andrew M. , Chen Yanjun , Wu Jessica , Hageman Lindsey , Francisco Liton , Kung Michelle , Wong F. Lennie , Ness Emily , Landier Wendy , Battles Kevin , Salzman Donna , Weisdorf Daniel J. , Forman Stephen J. , Arora Mukta , Armenian Saro H. , Bhatia Smita 
Published: July 2020

PURPOSE To examine the association between total body irradiation (TBI) and subsequent breast cancer in women treated with blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) for hematologic malignancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS Participants were drawn from the BMT Survivor Study (BMTSS), a retrospective cohort study that included patients who underwent transplantation between 1974 and 2014 and survived for ≥ 2 years after BMT. Patients with pre-BMT chest radiation or a history of breast cancer were excluded. Participants completed the BMTSS survey, which included details regarding breast cancer diagnosis. Subsequent breast cancer was confirmed by pathology report review or physician notes. Cox proportional hazards models assessed the association between TBI and subsequent breast cancer. Standardized incidence ratios were calculated to determine the excess risk of subsequent breast cancer compared with that in the general population. RESULTS A total of 1,464 female BMT survivors (allogeneic: n = 788; autologous: n = 676) participated, with a median follow-up of 9.3 years from BMT. TBI was used in 660 patients (46%). Thirty-seven women developed subsequent breast cancer (allogeneic: n = 19; autologous: n = 18). Multivariable analysis revealed that exposure to TBI was associated with an increased risk of subsequent breast cancer among allogeneic BMT survivors (hazard ratio [HR], 3.7 [95% CI, 1.2 to 11.8]; P = .03) and autologous BMT survivors (HR, 2.6 [95% CI, 1.0 to 6.8]; P = .048). Pre-BMT exposure to alkylating agents was associated with an increased risk of subsequent breast cancer among autologous BMT survivors (HR, 3.3 [95% CI, 1.0 to 9.0]; P = .05). Compared with that in the general population, exposure to TBI at age < 30 years was associated with a 4.4-fold higher risk of subsequent breast cancer in allogeneic BMT survivors and a 4.6-fold higher risk in autologous BMT survivors. CONCLUSION The association between TBI and subsequent breast cancer, especially among those exposed at a young age, as well as pre-BMT exposure to alkylating agents, should inform breast cancer screening for early detection.
Preoperative Pressure Pain Threshold Is Associated With Postoperative Pain in Short-Stay Anorectal Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Luedi Markus M. , Schober Patrick , Hammoud Bassam , Andereggen Lukas , Hoenemann Christian , Doll Dietrich 
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND:
Postoperative pain management is key for patient satisfaction. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) has been studied in some surgical cohorts but has not been studied in relationship to acute postoperative pain in short-stay patients undergoing anorectal surgery. We hypothesized that preoperative finger PPT measurements can identify respective patients with higher postoperative pain. Aiming to understand the relationship with subjective postoperative pain perception, we tested the hypotheses that preoperative PPT is associated with postoperative Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores and correlates with postoperative analgesic consumption in short-stay patients undergoing anorectal surgery.

METHODS:
We prospectively assessed preoperative PPT in a cohort undergoing anorectal surgery, known as a moderately to severely painful procedure. Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess the relationship with postoperative VAS pain scores at 1 and 3 days as well as 4 weeks postoperatively. Logistic regression was used to study the relationship with additional postoperative analgesic consumption.

RESULTS:
We studied 128 patients and found that preoperative PPT is significantly associated with postoperative pain (P value for interaction = .025). Logistic regression modeling additionally revealed an association between the preoperative PPT and the need for additional postoperative analgesics, with odds of requiring additional analgesia decreasing by about 10% for each 1-point increase in PPT (odds ratio [OR] = 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 00.81–0.98; P = .012).

CONCLUSIONS:
Preoperative finger PPT is associated with postoperative pain and might help identify patients who are at risk of developing more severe postoperative pain on anorectal surgery. Especially in ambulatory and short-stay settings, this approach can help to address patients’ high variability in pain sensitivity to facilitate appropriate postoperative analgesia, timely discharge, and prevent readmission.
Genre Conflation and Fictional Religiosity inGuilian meng(Returning to the Lotus Dream)
Authors: Li Mengjun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe early Qing (1644–1911) midlength vernacular novel Guilian meng 歸蓮夢 (Returning to the Lotus Dream, hereafter Lotus Dream), attributed to Su'an zhuren 蘇庵主人 (Master of Su'an, hereafter Su'an), features a triple hybrid narrative: a hagiographic account of the female protagonist's path to Buddhist enlightenment, a scholar-beauty romance, and a heroic military adventure. Although Su'an (himself a lay Buddhist) claims to preach Buddhist teachings through the novel, the text does not represent the exclusive voice of a single religion or belief system. Instead, its hybrid narrative allows Buddhism, Daoism, Confucianism, and the teachings of other popular sects to interact, intertwine, and compete. This essay argues that the novel's narrative amalgamation is a result of the author's conscious adherence to established genre conventions and market tastes, while it quietly subsumes other religious beliefs into its own Buddhism. In its own way, the novel reflects the larger trend of syncretism, found in literary and religious practices alike in the seventeenth century. As such, Lotus Dream offers us a good example of “fictional religiosity,” encompassing both the religious elements scattered throughout vernacular novels and these novels' growing cultural authority. The religiosity of fiction is best understood in light of the notion of xiaoshuo jiao 小說教 (cult/teachings of fiction), denoting the genre's quasi-religious power of persuasion. Lotus Dream thus serves as an excellent starting point for a reconsideration of the spiritual authority that vernacular novels exercised in the Qing dynasty.
Method for black ice detection on roads using tri-wavelength backscattering measurements
Authors: Ma Xinxu , Ruan Chi 
Published: July 2020

This paper provides a method of detecting black ice on a road surface by multiwavelength noncontact optical technology. The laser sources, wavelengths of 1310, 1430, and 1550 nm, were irradiated on the road surface. Then, we define the ratio of the backscattering power under a certain condition to the backscattering power under dry conditions as the normalized reflectance. It is found that the normalized reflectance under dry, water, black ice, icy, and snowy conditions is different. Therefore, the normalized reflectance can be used to identify black ice on a road surface.
Journalism, Democracy, and Human Rights in Zimbabwe, Bruce Mutsvairo and Cleophas T. Muneri (2019)
Authors: Amah Munachim 
Published: July 2020

Review of: Journalism, Democracy, and Human Rights in Zimbabwe, Bruce Mutsvairo and Cleophas T. Muneri (2019)
London: Lexington Books, 164 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-49859-976-4, h/bk, $85.00 (£54.95),
ISBN 978-1-49859-977-1, e/bk, $80.50 (£54.95)
A Eficácia da Análise do Comportamento no Tratamento a Pacientes com Transtorno Obsessivo Compulsivo (TOC) / The Effectiveness of Behavior Analysis in Treating Patients with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Authors: Leite Madson Márcio De Farias 
Published: July 2020

Esta pesquisa surgiu da necessidade de investigar a contribuição da Análise do Comportamento no tratamento de pessoas portadoras do Transtorno Obsessivo-Compulsivo (TOC). O TOC é um transtorno caracterizado por obsessões (pensamentos, ideias ou imagens invasivas) e/ou compulsões (comportamentos repetitivos e voluntários executados pelo indivíduo com o propósito de eliminar ou neutralizar algum pensamento incomodo ou evento ameaçador). A Terapia Comportamental está sendo reconhecida pela sua efetividade no tratamento de problemas pertinentes ao TOC. Uma técnica que tem sido usada como forma de intervenção no tratamento, é a exposição com prevenção de respostas (EPR). Esta técnica vem mostrando resultados na habituação dos indivíduos às situações ansiogênicas e ao bloqueio da resposta de esquiva. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi investigar se a Análise do Comportamento, por meio de suas técnicas, beneficiaria pacientes diagnosticados com TOC. Adotou-se aqui como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica, em que se realizou uma busca de artigos procedentes do banco de dados do Scielo e outros trabalhos publicados que tratassem do TOC e a Análise do Comportamento, como suas técnicas aplicadas ao tratamento desse tipo de transtorno. Os artigos encontrados mostraram que os resultados obtidos com a aplicação da técnica em pacientes com o transtorno trouxeram a eles uma melhora nas compulsões e nas ansiedades, fazendo assim com que estes pudessem ter novamente a qualidade de vida a qual tinham antes de serem acometidos pelo TOC. Palavras- chave: transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo, família, tratamento, análise do comportamento
Computerized Learning Is a Building Block But We Still Have Far to Go
Authors: Richter Joel E. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
High-resolution manometry has revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal motility disorders. The color plots are consistent with the visual pattern recognition that makes up much of our endoscopic training in gastroenterology. Computerized learning is an important addition to teaching this skill, especially because most gastroenterology training programs offer meager motility expertise and experience. However, it is just a basic building block for the development of young esophageal and motility experts. It is a good beginning, but the trainee needs a thorough understanding of the limitations of HRM, the important role of other esophageal function tests, and how best to incorporate these tests into a multidiscipline care plan for patients. The best approach is not technology alone but how it is applied by a master clinician in a busy esophageal center of excellence.
Herodotus’ awareness of the Peloponnesian War
Authors: Occhipinti Egidia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article aims to discuss the relationship between Herodotus and Thucydides. New scholarly trends date the composition of Herodotus’Historiesto 413 BC, or even later, against high chronology of 431, and suggest Herodotus’ use of Thucydides’ narrative. Herodotus’ debt to Thucydides has been suggested by scholars either cautiously or boldly. This examination will show cases where Herodotus is alluding to events of the Peloponnesian War or even responding to Thucydides’ narrative. In fact, anachronisms, presentisms, and allusions to Thucydides’ text can be found throughout Herodotus’ narrative. We will explore the reasons for Herodotus’ engaging with the events of that War, conjecturing about his goals: attracting the interest of his audience, or providing a warning to his contemporaries; moreover, it is important to understand whether this engagement was just coincidental.
Hyper-Past Evils: A Reply to Bogdan V. Faul
Authors: Goldschmidt Tyron , Lebens Samuel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA reply to Bogdan V. Faul’s “Can God Promise Us a New Past? A Response to Lebens and Goldschmidt.” In this reply we clarify why it is that we regard a scene-changing theory of time to be an improvement over presentism from a theological point of view. We present two benefits: a scene changing theory allows God (1) to improve the past and it allows him (2) to give free will to human beings whilst ensuring that they hyper-will never have misused it. More generally, the scene-changing theory when compared to presentism has the more compelling account of the badness of past evils.
Mobilität 4.0 im Tourismus – Entwicklungen, Wirkungen und Herausforderungen aus Destinationsperspektive
Authors: Bauder Michael 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Begriff Mobilität 4.0 erhält zunehmend Einzug in wissenschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Diskussionen um die Digitalisierung des Verkehrs. Der Begriff beschreibt in Anlehnung an die Terminologie Industrie 4.0 eine Revolution der Mobilität auf Basis des Internets der Dinge und cyber-physischer Systeme. Mobilität 4.0 zeichnet sich demnach durch eine autonome Steuerung von Prozessen über künstliche Intelligenz zur Gestaltung eines Optimums an Flexibilität und Wirtschaftlichkeit bei maximaler Effizient aus. Über eine gestiegene Vernetzung, Datenverfügbarkeit und Schnittstellenschaffung werden Effizienz und Nachhaltigkeit der Mobilität optimiert, sowie eine höchstmögliche Individualisierung und Personalisierung geschaffen. Dies stellt Städte und damit auch städtetouristische Destinationen vor neue Herausforderungen in der Planung und Ausgestaltung entsprechender Angebote. Bei der Analyse der übernachtungsstärksten Großstädte Deutschland wird ersichtlich, dass die Thematik – wenn überhaupt – in einem eher rudimentären, populärwissenschaftlichen Verständnis behandelt wird. In Gegenüberstellung zur European Capital of Smart Tourism 2019, Helsinki, werden die Herausforderungen deutlich, die die untersuchten Städte zur erfolgreichen Integration eines Mobilität 4.0-Konzepts in die jeweilige Tourismusstrategie noch vor sich haben: Vor allem die von Helsinki selbst als Ausgangspunkt zur Umsetzung einer Mobilität 4.0 betrachtete Schaffung einer offenen Datenhaltung sowie der Bereitstellung von vielfältigen Schnittstellen fehlt bislang.
Overtourism im Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Akzeptanz und Aversion
Authors: Bauer Alfred , Gardini Marco A. , Skock André 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungWas ist unter dem Begriff Overtourism zu verstehen? Welche Dimensionen, Indikatoren und Kriterien sind von Relevanz, um dieses touristische Phänomen adäquat zu beschreiben? Klingen diese Fragen auf den ersten Blick nach einer sehr theoretischen Betrachtungsperspektive, sind sie dennoch für die Zukunft des Tourismus von enormer praktischer Bedeutung, ist doch die originäre Erfassung und Vermessung der thematischen Variationsbreite des Phänomens Overtourism gleichermaßen sowohl für die Theorie als auch für die Praxis existenziell, um den diesbezüglichen Herausforderungen für die Tourismuswirtschaft entgegentreten zu können. Um eine Antwort auf die Wahrnehmung und Behandlung sozioökonomischer Konflikte in touristischen Zielgebieten geben zu können, ist denn auch ein grundlegendes Themen- und Problemverständnis vonnöten, um im Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Akzeptanz und Aversion, die facettenreichen Wirkungen und Effekte des Overtourism auf alle beteiligten Stakeholder besser verstehen und entsprechende Maßnahmen sowie Handlungsempfehlungen entwickeln zu können. Der vorliegende Beitrag soll im Zuge einer deskriptiv-explorativen Herangehensweise und der Vorstellung einer Fallstudie mehr Klarheit über die Phänomenologie und die damit verbundenen Forschungs- und Untersuchungsperspektiven im aktuellen Overtourism-Diskurs liefern.
Orthoamide und Iminiumsalze, IC. Synthese und Reaktionen von N,N,N′,N′,N′′-Pentaalkyl-N′′-[2-(N,N,N′,N′,N′′-pentaalkylguanidinio)ethyl]-guanidiniumsalzen
Authors: Kantlehner Willi , Tiritiris Ioannis , Frey Wolfgang , Kreß Ralf 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Bis[bis(dibutylamino)methylen]hydrazine 8 is prepared from N,N,N′,N′-tetrabutylchloroformamidinium chloride (4c) and hydrazine. Bromine transforms 8 to the heterocyclic guanidinium salt 15a which is isolated as tetraphenylborate. From N,N,N′,N′-tetraalkylchloroformamidiniumchlorides and ethylendiamine the diguanidines are prepared which are alkylated to give diguanidinium salts, From these salts guanidinium salts can be prepared by anion metathesis with tetraphenylborate-, iodide-, hexafluorphosphate-, trifluoromethansulfonat-, bis(trifluormethansulfonyl)imide and tricyanmethanide as counteranions. The structure of the compounds 15 and 17b is confirmed by crystal structure analyses.
Decumbic anhydride from the stem barks of Swintonia floribunda (Anacardiaceae)
Authors: Dang Phu Hoang , Le Tho Huu , Van Do Truong Nhat , Nguyen Hai Xuan , Nguyen Mai Thanh Thi , Nguyen Nhan Trung 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
From an EtOAc-soluble fraction of the stem barks of Swintonia floribunda (Anacardiaceae), decumbic anhydride (1) and four known compounds 2–5 were isolated. Their chemical structures were elucidated based on the spectroscopic data interpretation. The GIAO-DFT calculation of 13C NMR chemical shifts was carried out to clarify the structure of 1. The absolute configuration of 1 was assigned based on the Cotton effects in its ECD spectrum. Compound 1 showed potent tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 52.2 μM.
Experimental procedures for the mechanical characterization of composite reinforced mortar (CRM) systems for retrofitting of masonry structures
Authors: D’Antino Tommaso , Calabrese Angelo Savio , Poggi Carlo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFiber-reinforced composites can be arranged in the form of bi-dimensional grids and employed as internal reinforcement of mortar plasters to realize composite reinforced mortar (CRM) systems. Recently, CRM were applied as externally bonded reinforcement of existing masonry members showing promising improvements of load-carrying and deformation capacities. However, since CRM systems are still in their infancy, limited research is available regarding their mechanical properties and their bond behavior with respect to masonry substrates. In this paper, a series of experimental tests are performed on a CRM system comprising a glass fiber-reinforced composite grid and a lime-based matrix. Namely, tensile tests of bare grid yarns and of CRM coupons, shear tests of grid joints, and single-lap direct shear tests of CRM-masonry joints were performed. These tests are aimed at providing a comprehensive mechanical characterization of the CRM, which results can be used to design strengthening applications with this system. Namely, the tensile properties of bare grid yarns in warp and weft direction are obtained and compared with those of CRM coupons tested following the indications of the Italian and U.S. acceptance criteria for inorganic-matrix composites. Furthermore, the grid joints are subjected to shear tests to determine if the yarns orthogonal to the applied load direction provide a contribution to the system load-carrying capacity. Finally, CRM-masonry joints are subjected to single-lap direct shear tests to study the CRM bond behavior. This work provides an insight on the behavior of CRM that can be useful to formulate reliable design procedures for these systems.
AKI in Hospitalized Patients with and without COVID-19: A Comparison Study
Authors: Fisher Molly , Neugarten Joel , Bellin Eran , Yunes Milagros , Stahl Lindsay , Johns Tanya S. , Abramowitz Matthew K. , Levy Rebecca , Kumar Neelja , Mokrzycki Michele H. , Coco Maria , Dominguez Mary , Prudhvi Kalyan , Golestaneh Ladan 
Published: July 2020

Significance Statement
Centers have reported a wide range of AKI incidence rates among patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In a retrospective observational study, the authors compared the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of AKI in hospitalized adults with and without COVID-19 in a large New York City health system. Compared with patients without COVID-19 and with historical controls, patients with COVID-19 had a significantly higher incidence of AKI; were more likely to require RRT, intensive care unit admission, and mechanical ventilation; and were more likely to experience in-hospital death. Male sex, Black race, and older age were associated with AKI, but these associations were not unique to COVID-19. Select initial vital signs at hospital admission and inflammatory markers were predictors of severe AKI.

Background
Reports from centers treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have noted that such patients frequently develop AKI. However, there have been no direct comparisons of AKI in hospitalized patients with and without COVID-19 that would reveal whether there are aspects of AKI risk, course, and outcomes unique to this infection.

Methods
In a retrospective observational study, we evaluated AKI incidence, risk factors, and outcomes for 3345 adults with COVID-19 and 1265 without COVID-19 who were hospitalized in a large New York City health system and compared them with a historical cohort of 9859 individuals hospitalized a year earlier in the same health system. We also developed a model to identify predictors of stage 2 or 3 AKI in our COVID-19.

Results
We found higher AKI incidence among patients with COVID-19 compared with the historical cohort (56.9% versus 25.1%, respectively). Patients with AKI and COVID-19 were more likely than those without COVID-19 to require RRT and were less likely to recover kidney function. Development of AKI was significantly associated with male sex, Black race, and older age (>50 years). Male sex and age >50 years associated with the composite outcome of RRT or mortality, regardless of COVID-19 status. Factors that were predictive of stage 2 or 3 AKI included initial respiratory rate, white blood cell count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and lactate dehydrogenase level.

Conclusions
Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 had a higher incidence of severe AKI compared with controls. Vital signs at admission and laboratory data may be useful for risk stratification to predict severe AKI. Although male sex, Black race, and older age associated with development of AKI, these associations were not unique to COVID-19.
Review of Machine Learning models for Credit Scoring Analysis
Authors: Rudra Kumar Madapuri , Kumar Gunjan Vinit 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:Increase in computing power and the deeper usage of the robust computing systems in the financial system is propelling the business growth, improving the operational efficiency of the financial institutions, and increasing the effectiveness of the transaction processing solutions used by the organizations. Problem:Despite that the financial institutions are relying on the credit scoring patterns for analyzing the credit worthiness of the clients, still there are many factors that are imminent for improvement in the credit score evaluation patterns. Objective:Machine learning is offering immense potential in Fintech space and determining a personal credit score. Organizations by applying deep learning and machine learning techniques can tap individuals who are not being serviced by traditional financial institutions. Methodology:One of the major insights into the system is that the traditional models of banking intelligence solutions are predominantly the programmed models that can align with the information and banking systems that are used by the banks. But in the case of the machine-learning models that rely on algorithmic systems require more integral computation which is intrinsic. Results:The test analysis of the proposed machine learning model indicates effective and enhanced analysis process compared to the non-machine learning solutions. The model in terms of using various classifiers indicate potential ways in which the solution can be significant. Conclusion: If the systems can be developed to align with more pragmatic terms for analysis, it can help in improving the process conditions of customer profile analysis, wherein the process models have to be developed for comprehensive analysis and the ones that can make a sustainable solution for the credit system management. Originality:The proposed solution is effective and the one conceptualized to improve the credit scoring system patterns. Limitations: The model is tested in isolation and not in comparison to any of the existing credit scoring patterns.