bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
nanoo.tv – Die Schweizer Filmplattform und Online-Mediathek für Bildung
Authors: Timcke Henning , Nixon Anita 
Published: December 2020

Zusammenfassung
Die Schweizer Filmplattform und Online-Mediathek für Bildung, nanoo.tv, ist seit 2006 in Schweizer Bildungsinstitutionen im Einsatz, von der Grundschule bis zur Tertiärstufe. Die Plattform ermöglicht, audiovisuelle Inhalte aus TV- und Radiosendern und anderen Quellen aufzunehmen, zu bearbeiten, und mit Lehrenden und Lernenden zu teilen. Zudem bietet die Online-Mediathek Zugriff auf über 300 000 audiovisuelle Inhalte.1 Die Gründer von nanoo.tv haben maßgeblich zu den heute in der Schweiz geltenden urheberrechtlichen Voraussetzungen zur Nutzung von audiovisuellen Inhalten in der Bildung beigetragen. Aktuell wird die Medienplattform an über 140 Schweizer Bildungsinstitutionen eingesetzt.2
Ubuntu/Botho: Ideologie oder Versprechen?
Authors: Eze Michael Onyebuchi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article investigates the concept of Ubuntu/Botho as a possible foundation for an African moral theory. It departs from an analysis of the idea of “human personhood” as a basis for moral agency, which is controversially debated within African philosophy. This notion of personhood relies on an understanding of the mutual interdependence of human beings. As a next step, the author critically assesses the discursive function of Ubuntu/Botho in African societies and its misuse by political elites as ideological cover for exclusionary and violent practices. By way of conclusion, the article stresses restoration as a key value associated with African humanism based on Ubuntu/Botho.
Modelling and mapping of the COVID-19 trajectory and pandemic paths at global scale: A geographer’s perspective
Authors: Valjarević Aleksandar , Milić Marija , Valjarević Dragana , Stanojević-Ristić Zorica , Petrović Ljiljana , Milanović Miško , Filipović Dejan , Ristanović Branko , Basarin Biljana , Lukić Tin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn December 2019, the virus SARS-CoV-2 responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic was detected in the Chinese city of Wuhan. The virus started to spread from China and dispersed over the rest of the world. In March 2020, WHO (World Health Organization) declared COVID-19 a pandemic. The transmission path of the pandemic was accelerated by different types of transportation. With complete analysis of spatial data, population density, types of traffic networks, and their properties, the spatial distribution of COVID-19 was estimated. GIS (Geographical Information System), numerical methods, and software for network analysis were used in this research to model scenarios of virus distribution on a global scale. The analyzed data included air, railway, marine, and road traffic. In the pandemic research, numerous models of possible trajectory of viruses can be created. Many have a stochastic character. This study includes all countries in the world affected by the COVID-19 up to date. In this study, GIS methods such as buffer, interpolations, and numerical analysis were used in order to estimate and visualize ongoing COVID-19 pandemic situation. According to the availability of new data, trajectory of virus paths was estimated. On the other hand, sparsely populated areas with poorly developed and small traffic networks (and isolated island territories) tend to be less or not affected as shown by the model. This low-cost approach can be used in order to define important measures that need to be addressed and implemented in order to successfully mitigate the implications of COVID-19 not only on global, but local and regional scales as well.
Synthesis of functionalized carbon nanotubes for fluorescent biosensors
Authors: Wojtera Katarzyna , Walczak Malgorzata , Pietrzak Lukasz , Fraczyk Justyna , Szymanski Lukasz , Sobczyk-Guzenda Anna 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Despite the development of pharmacy, there are still incurable diseases for which the medicine has not been found yet. Because many diseases are asymptomatic in their first stage of development, often early detection is the crucial factor in combating them. The article describes the process of synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) which can be useful in medical diagnostics. CNTs were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition. The obtained material was subjected to functionalization – attaching fluorescent markers. In order to check the usefulness of the obtained structures in diagnostics, their fluorescent properties were examined. The results of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy prove that, after proper functionalization, CNTs could be used as fluorescents markers.
The Determinants for Adolescent Glycolipid Metabolism Disorder from Prenatal Period through Adolescence: a Cohort Study
Authors: Liang Xiao-Hua , Chen Jing-Yu , Qu Ping , Tang Xian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
To explore the prevalence of and risk factors for glycolipid metabolism disorder (GLMD) from the prenatal period through childhood and adolescence. A bidirectional cohort study which was established in 2014 and followed between March 1 and July 20, 2019 were designed to evaluate the risk factors for GLMD. Two stage stratified cluster sampling was used to include participants from four communities in two counties in Chongqing. 2808 healthy children aged between 6 and 9 years in 2014 entered the cohort in 2014, and followed in 2019 with a follow-up rate of 70%. 2,136 samples (aged 11·68 ± 0·60 years) were included. The prevalence of insulin resistance (IR), prediabetes/diabetes and dyslipidemia was 21·02%, 7·19% and 21·61%, respectively. Subjects with an urban residence, no pubertal development, dyslipidemia in 2014, higher family income, higher parental education, low quality of life (QoL), and unstable neurotic and psychotic personalities had significantly elevated fasting insulin (FI) or homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels; subjects with female sex, no pubertal development, dyslipidemia in 2014, obesity, gestational hypertension, maternal weight gain above Institute of Medicine guidelines, single parents, low QoL, introverted and unstable personality had increased triglyceride or triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Adolescent with rural residence and living convenience had higher HbA1c level. We observed that low QoL status, unstable and psychotic personality traits were associated with increased GLMD risk independent of obesity, suggesting that the community intervention to improve the QoL and psychological health of children is essential.
Consumers' knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding Front-of-package (FOP) labels at the point of purchase
Authors: Pourmoradian Samira , Kermanshahi Mohammad , Chaeipeima Mahsa , Farazkhah Tohid , Roudsari Arezoo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Food labeling is one of the information promotion policies designed to support necessary information of the products that consumer purchase. However, food labeling giving incentives to the food industry to reformulate their products with healthier nutrients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted as a point-of-purchase survey on 550 shoppers in chain stores in Tabriz, Iran. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire that assessed the respondents' knowledge, perception, and behaviors towards the information on food labels. Results: The results showed that 91.8% of the consumers had knowledge about food label information. Among all the nutritional information included on food labels, the participants were most aware of the information about the calories and fat content of the foods. Most of the respondents (84.7%) paid attention to food labels to observe the expiration and production dates, 51.6% were looking at food prices in food labels, and only 8.7% of the participants read food labels to obtain information about the food additives and artificial color contents. Conclusion: Our study suggests that food labeling could be an effective measure in health policy when the consumers' nutrition knowledge and awareness regarding how to use and interpret the information on food labels increases.
Prevalence of Plasmodium spp. in Symptomatic BaAka Pygmies Inhabiting the Rural Dzanga Sangha Region, Central African Republic
Authors: Bylicka-Szczepanowska Emilia , Lass Anna , Korzeniewski Krzysztof 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Malaria remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge in many endemic regions of sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of Plasmodium spp. in BaAka Pygmies with clinical symptoms of malaria, inhabitants of the rural Dzanga Sangha region in Central African Republic. Additionally, the research aimed to define the percentage distribution of infections caused by other than P. falciparum species in order to assess the need for diversification of malaria treatment protocols in the region of Central Africa. Material and methods: The study was conducted during dry and rainy season in 2018 and involved a group of 540 symptomatic BaAka Pygmies, patients of both sexes, aged 1–75 years old. Two diagnostic methods for detecting Plasmodium in the bloodstream were used: RDTs targeting HRP2–protein specific for P. falciparum and PCR assays aimed at detecting P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae species. Results: Only 40.5% of symptomatic patients tested with RDTs for P. falciparum infections were positive. While molecular tests (PCR) confirmed P. falciparum in 94.8% of the samples and also revealed the genetic material of P. malariae (11.1%), P. ovale (9.8%), and P. vivax (0.7%). BaAka Pygmies aged <5 years old dominated in patients with positive results; the common clinical symptoms reported by the sick individuals were fever, shivers and fatigue. Conclusions: The presented study suggest the need for introducing more accurate diagnostic methods for the diagnosis of malaria and the revision of malaria treatment protocols. The assessment of the Pfhrp2/Pfhrp3 deletions is necessary for evaluating malaria epidemiology in Central Africa.
Fragmentation and Matching of Human MicroRNA Sequences in 3’utr
Authors: Parker Michael S. , Balasubramaniam Ambikaipakan , Sallee Floyd R. , Parker Steven L. 
Published: December 2020

Aims:
Definition of sense and antisense microRNA matches in 3’utr.

Background:
Matches of mature microRNAs (m-miRs) in human 3’utr could be traced to mutations
producing fragments of original m-miR sequences without physical separation. (The m-miR
matches in 5’utr and cds should be by far fewer, but could follow similar patterns).

Objective:
To ascertain if the sense and antisense m-miR fragments in 3’utr occur at similar or different
levels.

Methods:
Frequency of sense and antisense m-miR matches in 3'utr was examined in the range of
7-22 nucleotides.

Results:
The fragmentation occurs at gene level by mutation within one of the paired m-miRs,
which upon transcription results in increased interactive capability for both former pre-micro (premir)
RNA stem partners. The non-mutated stem partner can persist in 3’utr sequences, as is apparent
from significant presence of miR-619-5p and miR-5096 and some conservation of 20 other
simian- specific m-miR sequences. However, most of m-mir sequences in 3’utr are extensively
fragmented, with low preservation of long matches. In flanks of individual m-miR embeds the mutated
pre-mir positions are to a degree defined specifically.

Conclusion:
The m-mir matches of various sizes in 3’utr apparently reflect accumulation, on a phylogenetic
time scale, of in-sequence point mutations. Across human 3’utr this fragmentation is significantly
less for evolutionarily recent human m-miRs that originate in simians compared to human
m-miRs first appearing in lower primates, and especially to human m-miRs introduced in nonprimates.
The role of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in the diagnosis and follow-up of the pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms
Authors: Saponjski Jelena , Sobic-Saranovic Dragana , Macut Djuro , Isailovic Tatjana , Bogosavljevic Nikola , Jovanovic Darko , Artiko Vera 
Published: December 2020

The aim of investigation was to assess the role of somatostatin receptor
scintigraphy in diagnosis and follow-up of pancreatic neuroendocrine
neoplasms. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy was performed with 740 MBq
99mTc-EDDA/HYNIC TOC for diagnosis of primary tumors and follow-up after
the therapy. There were 63 true positive, 24 true negative, 4 false
positive, and 6 false negative findings. Sensitivity was 91.3 %, specificity
85.7 %, positive predictive value 94.0 %, negative predictive value 80.0 %,
accuracy 89.7 %. The SPECT contributed diagnosis in 28 true positive
findings. In 32 patients (33 %) somatostatin receptor scintigraphy
significantly changed the management of the patients (10 had surgery, in 17
somatostatin analogues, and in 5 peptide receptor radionuclide therapy was
introduced). Mean Ki-67 index in true positive patients was 13.8 ?5.0 %
while in true negative 7.1 ? 3.4% which is significantly lower at p	< 0.05. There
was significantly (p < 0.01) higher number of increased chromogranin A
values in true positive than in true negative patients (p = 0.000857). Our
results confirmed the value of SRS in the diagnosis and follow-up of the patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms PanNEN if primary tumors, recurrences or metastases are suspected, as well as for appropriate
choice of the therapy.
Linguistic vs Encyclopaedic Knowledge. Classification of MWEs from Wikipedia Articles
Authors: Kancheva Z. , Radev I. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper reports on the first steps in the creation of linked data through the mapping between the synsets of BTB-WordNet and the articles in Bulgarian Wikipedia. The task of expanding the BTB-WordNet with encyclopaedic knowledge is done by mapping its synsets to Wikipedia articles with many MWEs found in the articles and subjected to further analysis. We look for a way to filter the Wikipedia MWEs in the effort of selecting the ones most beneficial to the enrichment of BTB-WN.
Maximizing Hybrid Seedlings Recovery and Early Identification of Highly Polyembryonic Acid Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swing.) × Lemon (Citrus limon Burm.) Hybrids using SSR Markers
Authors: Dubey Anil Kumar , Gupta Ankit , Sharma Radha Mohan , Sharma Nimisha 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Nucellar embryony is the major obstacle in getting hybrid seedlings in interspecific crosses in citrus. Hence, the present study was conducted to standardize embryo age, culture media for maximizing germination, and subsequent identification of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to differentiate the hybrids. A factorial experiment was conducted with three embryo ages – 80–90, 110–120, and 130–140 days after pollination (DAP). The germination of the rescued immature embryos of acid lime × lemon crosses was initiated on three different growing media. The fruits harvested at 130–140 and 80–90 DAP had a higher number of functional seeds (90%). Older embryos (130–140 DAP) and middle-aged embryos (110–120 DAP) germinated in 100% on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 500 mg·l−1 malt extract, 1.5 mg·l−1 gibberellic acid (GA3), and 0.02 mg·l−1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). MS medium supplemented with 500 mg·l−1 malt extract proved better for the germination of embryos taken at 80–90 DAP. Plantlet survival was the highest in younger embryos (80–90 DAP) cultured on MS basal medium (84.21%) and the lowest in older embryos cultured on MS medium supplemented with 500 mg·l−1 malt extract plus 1.5 mg·l−1 GA3 and 0.02 mg·l−1 NAA. The seedlings obtained from the culture 80–90 DAP had the highest root length (4.9 mm) and shoot length (5.3 mm) at 60 days after inoculation (DAI) on the above medium. SSR marker analysis revealed that CCSM-4 and CAC-33 markers expressed polymorphism between female and male parents, proving their ability to identify the hybrids of ‘Kagzi’ acid lime × ‘Konkan Seedless’ lemon.
Falcon: Honest-Majority Maliciously Secure Framework for Private Deep Learning
Authors: Wagh Sameer , Tople Shruti , Benhamouda Fabrice , Kushilevitz Eyal , Mittal Prateek , Rabin Tal 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We propose Falcon, an end-to-end 3-party protocol for efficient private training and inference of large machine learning models. Falcon presents four main advantages – (i) It is highly expressive with support for high capacity networks such as VGG16 (ii) it supports batch normalization which is important for training complex networks such as AlexNet (iii) Falcon guarantees security with abort against malicious adversaries, assuming an honest majority (iv) Lastly, Falcon presents new theoretical insights for protocol design that make it highly efficient and allow it to outperform existing secure deep learning solutions. Compared to prior art for private inference, we are about 8× faster than SecureNN (PETS’19) on average and comparable to ABY3 (CCS’18). We are about 16 − 200× more communication efficient than either of these. For private training, we are about 6× faster than SecureNN, 4.4× faster than ABY3 and about 2−60× more communication efficient. Our experiments in the WAN setting show that over large networks and datasets, compute operations dominate the overall latency of MPC, as opposed to the communication.
Psoas hematoma due to segmental vessel injury leads to paresis following CT-guided biopsy of lumbar vertebrae: A case report
Authors: Patel Pratik , Mehendiratta Dhanish , Bhambhu Vivek , Dalvie Samir , Kulkarni Aniruddha , Popat Bhavesh 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Percutaneous bone biopsy is the first-line procedure for obtaining a tissue diagnosis to confirm focal, diffuse vertebral, and/or paravertebral metastatic lesions. Percutaneous bone biopsy to evaluate metastatic disease can be performed under fluoroscopy, ultrasonography, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and computed tomography (CT). Notably, CT-scans best direct and demonstrate the needle position for these procedures, decreasing the risk of injury to critical adjacent structures (e.g. major vessels, nerve roots). Hemorrhagic complication to lumbar segmental arteries following needle biopsy are uncommon; only a few cases have been reported. Although percutaneous bone biopsy is typically safe when performed utilizing computed tomography (CT) guidance, here we encountered a 60-year-old-female who developed a L4 lumbar segmental artery psoas hematoma following this procedure requiring emergent embolization.

Case Description:
A 60-year-old female, with a history of breast cancer, underwent a CT-guided core needle biopsy of an L4 lytic lesion (e.g., likely a metastasis). This acutely resulted in the onset of radicular leg pain and weakness. When the postprocedural CT scan demonstrated a large psoas hematoma attributed to laceration of the left posterior L4 segmental artery, the patient required emergent embolization. Following this procedure, she exhibited a fully neurological recovery.

Conclusion:
Following a CT-guided L4 vertebral biopsy to document metastatic breast carcinoma, a 60-year-old patient developed an immediate postprocedure CT-documented psoas hematoma due to laceration of the left posterior L4 segmental artery. Following emergent embolization, the patient recovered full neurological function.
Failure Analysis of Electrothermal Actuators Subjected to Electrical Overstress (EOS) and Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
Authors: Walraven Jeremy A. , Plass Richard , Baker Michael S. , Shaw Michael J. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) that sense, think, and act are enabling technologies currently employed in many industrial applications. To operate these devices, a stimulus is required to produce motion. In MEMS, this stimulus may be thermal actuation using current to produce joule heating, or electrostatic actuation using voltages to create electric fields. To qualify MEMS technology, these devices must undergo repeated characterization and testing and at both the die and system level. Electrical overstress (EOS) and electrostatic discharge (ESD) are two important tests used to assess the robustness of a device to steady state and sharp voltage and current transients. Identifying the failure mechanism and understanding the root causes for failure is paramount to the overall improvement and success of any MEMS based system. In this paper we will focus on the effects of EOS and ESD events on surface micromachined polysilicon based electrothermal actuators fabricated using the SUMMiT V™ process.
A New Failure Analysis Flow of Gate Oxide Integrity Failure in Wafer Fabrication
Authors: Younan Hua , Susan Chu , Dong Gui , Zhiqiang Mo , Zhenxiang Xing , Binghai Liu , Adrian Ng , Tony Tsai 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
As device feature size continues to shrink, the reducing gate oxide thickness puts more stringent requirements on gate dielectric quality in terms of defect density and contamination concentration. As a result, analyzing gate oxide integrity and dielectric breakdown failures during wafer fabrication becomes more difficult. Using a traditional FA flow and methods some defects were observed after electrical fault isolation using emission microscopic tools such as EMMI and TIVA. Even with some success with conventional FA the root cause was unclear. In this paper, we will propose an analysis flow for GOI failures to improve FA’s success rate. In this new proposed flow both a chemical method, Wright Etch, and SIMS analysis techniques are employed to identify root cause of the GOI failures after EFA fault isolation. In general, the shape of the defect might provide information as to the root cause of the GOI failure, whether related to PID or contamination. However, Wright Etch results are inadequate to answer the questions of whether the failure is caused by contamination or not. If there is a contaminate another technique is required to determine what the contaminant is and where it comes from. If the failure is confirmed to be due to contamination, SIMS is used to further determine the contamination source at the ppm-ppb level. In this paper, a real case of GOI failure will be discussed and presented. Using the new failure analysis flow, the root cause was identified to be iron contamination introduced from a worn out part made of stainless steel.
A New Technique for Non-Invasive Short-Localisation in Thin Dielectric Layers by Electron Beam Absorbed Current (EBAC) Imaging
Authors: Simon-Najasek Michél , Jatzkowski Jörg , Große Christian , Altmann Frank 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In this paper a novel approach for precise localisation of thin oxide breakdowns in transistor or capacitor structures by electron beam absorbed current (EBAC) imaging based on Scanning Electron Microscopy will be presented. The technique significantly improves sensitivity and lateral resolution of short localisation in comparison to standard techniques, e.g. Photoemission Microscopy, and provides direct defect navigation within a combined FIB/SEM system for further cross section analysis. The oxide short is minimal affected by electrical stimulation preserving its original defect structure for further physical root cause analysis. The feasibility of this new technique is demonstrated on a gate oxide (GOX) and two capacitor oxide (COX) breakdown failures.