bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐disgust and stigma both mediate the relationship between stoma acceptance and stoma care self‐efficacy
Authors: Jin Yanfei , Ma Hongmei , Jiménez‐Herrera Maria 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimThis paper is a report of a study exploring the relationship between stoma acceptance and stoma care self‐efficacy in patients with colostomy and whether self‐disgust and stigma play mediating roles in this relationship.DesignA cross‐sectional survey design.MethodIn all, 476 participants were recruited from a tertiary hospital and completed structured, anonymous, self‐report measures of stoma acceptance, self‐disgust, stigma, and stoma care self‐efficacy between January 2016‐March 2017.ResultsStoma acceptance was significantly negatively associated with personal disgust (r = −.640, p<.001), behavioural disgust (r = −.384, p<.001), and stigma (r = −.309, p<.001) and significantly positively associated with stoma care self‐efficacy (r = .689, p<.001). Furthermore, regression‐based mediation modelling showed that personal disgust and stigma had significant mediating effects on stoma acceptance and stoma care self‐efficacy.ConclusionWe demonstrated, for the first time, that emotional responses (self‐disgust and stigma) play important roles in the association between stoma acceptance and stoma care self‐efficacy. Addressing concerns about emotional disorder should become part of the routine care for patients with stoma.ImpactPatients with colostomy must cope with many challenges and undergo profound changes in daily life. Acceptance of the existence of the stoma and effective management of the stoma can aid patients in the return to a full and active life. Illness acceptance and psychological states have been widely reported to be correlates of the ability to successfully reconstitute a meaning of life, but these have not been specifically explored in patients with colostomy. This study examined the effect of stoma acceptance on stoma care self‐efficacy with the mediation role of self‐disgust and stigma. Evidence of the relationship between illness acceptance and self‐efficacy could offer practitioners to consider emotional factors like self‐disgust and stigma when aiming to improve stoma care and management.
Both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events are decreased following long‐term narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy in patients with vitiligo: a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Bae J.M. , Kim Y.‐S. , Choo E.H. , Kim M.‐Y. , Lee J.Y. , Kim H.‐O. , Park Y.M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundSystemic effects of long‐term narrowband ultraviolet B (NB‐UVB) phototherapy have not been well studied in vitiligo patients. An 11‐year nationwide population‐based retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Korean National Health Insurance claims database (2007–2017).ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of long‐term NB‐UVB phototherapy on the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in vitiligo patients.MethodsThis study included vitiligo patients with ≥100 phototherapy sessions (phototherapy group, n = 3229) and <3 phototherapy sessions (no phototherapy group, n = 9687), in which covariables with age, sex, insurance type and comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia were matched by 1 : 3 propensity score matching. The outcomes of interest were cardiovascular (ischaemic heart disease and myocardial infarction) and cerebrovascular events (cerebrovascular infraction and haemorrhage). Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the associations between NB‐UVB phototherapy and each event.ResultsThe risk of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events was significantly decreased in the phototherapy group compared with the no phototherapy group [hazard ratio (HR) 0.637, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.523–0.776]. Subgroup analysis revealed that the risk of cardiovascular (HR: 0.682, 95% CI: 0.495–0.940) and cerebrovascular events (HR: 0.601, 95% CI: 0.470–0.769) were significantly lower in the phototherapy group than the no phototherapy group, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that long‐term NB‐UVB phototherapy could decrease the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in patients with vitiligo.
The first casualty of an epidemic is evidence
Authors: Hofmann Bjørn 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 has posed a wide range of urgent questions: about the disease, testing, immunity, treatments, and outcomes. Extreme situations, such as pandemics, call for exceptional measures. However, this threatens the production and application of evidence.MethodsThis article applies standard categories in epistemology to analyse the pandemic in terms of four kinds of uncertainty: Risk, Fundamental uncertainty, Ignorance, and Ambiguity.ResultsMapping the uncertainties of the pandemic onto the four types of uncertainty directs evidence production towards specific tasks in order to address the challenges of the pandemic: Eliminating ambiguity, being alert to the unknown, and gathering data to estimate risks are crucial to preserve evidence and save lives.ConclusionIn order to avoid fake facts and to provide sustainable solutions, we need to pay attention to the various kinds of uncertainty. Producing high‐quality evidence is the solution, not the problem.
Sex differences in heel pad stiffness during in vivo loading and unloading
Authors: Ugbolue Ukadike C. , Yates Emma L. , Wearing Scott C. , Gu Yaodong , Lam Wing‐Kai , Valentin Stephanie , Baker Julien S. , Dutheil Frédéric , Sculthorpe Nicholas F. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDue to conflicting data from previous studies a new methodological approach to evaluate heel pad stiffness and soft tissue deformation has been developed. The purpose of this study was to compare heel pad (HP) stiffness in both limbs between males and females during a dynamic unloading and loading activity. Ten males and 10 females volunteered to perform three dynamic trials to unload and load the HP. The dynamic protocol consisted of three continuous phases: foot flat (baseline phase), bilateral heel raise (unloading phase) and foot flat (loading phase) with each phase lasting two seconds. Six retroreflective markers (3 mm) were attached to the skin of the left and right heels using a customised marker set. Three‐dimensional motion analysis cameras synchronised with force plates collected the kinematic and kinetic data throughout the trials. Three‐way repeated measures ANOVA together with a Bonferroni post hoc test were applied to the stiffness and marker displacement datasets. On average, HP stiffness was higher in males than females during the loading and unloading phases. ANOVA results revealed no significant differences for the stiffness and displacement outputs with respect to sex, sidedness or phase interactions (p > .05) in the X, Y and Z directions. Irrespective of direction, there were significant differences in stiffness between the baseline and unloading conditions (p < .001) but no significant differences between the baseline and loaded conditions (p = 1.000). Post hoc analyses for the marker displacement showed significant differences between phases for the X and Z directions (p < .032) but no significant differences in the Y direction (p > .116). Finally, females portrayed lower levels of mean HP stiffness whereas males had stiffer heels particularly in the vertical direction (Z) when the HP was both unloaded and loaded. High HP stiffness values and very small marker displacements could be valuable indicators for the risk of pathological foot conditions.
Instrumental diagnosis of facial skin—A necessity or a pretreatment recommendation in esthetic medicine
Authors: Kawałkiewicz Weronika , Matthews‐Kozanecka Maja , Janus‐Kubiak Marta , Kubisz Leszek , Hojan‐Jezierska Dorota 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis paper presents the possibilities of pretreatment instrumental diagnosis for assessing the condition of various facial skin areas.AimTests which aimed at determining the firmness and elasticity of facial skin were conducted.MethodsAnalysis of skin parameters in selected facial areas in adults over a wide age range was performed using the Cutometer Dual MPA 580 probe. Parameters R0, R2, R5, R7, R8, and R9 were analyzed.ResultsThe following results were obtained: R0 (0.20‐0.33) mm; R2 (0.66‐0.82) a.u.; R5 (0.60‐0.92) a.u.; R7 (0.37‐0.52) a.u.; R8 (0.10‐0.27) mm; and R9 (0.03‐0.05) mm. The R0 parameter showed no statistically significant correlation between skin firmness and age. On the basis of the other parameters, it can be concluded that skin elasticity and an ability to return to its original shape around the eyes, on the cheeks and around the lips, are greater in younger patients than in older groups. There were no statistically significant differences within each age group between the right and left sides of the face.ConclusionSkin firmness described by the R0 parameter is constant in the studied groups and independent of age. Skin elasticity, and an ability to return to its original shape around the eyes, on the cheeks and around the lips, is greater in younger patients. The aging process simultaneously affects the entire facial skin.
Inter‐rater reliability of “clean cup” scores by coffee experts
Authors: Giacalone Davide , Steen Ida , Alstrup Jesper , Münchow Morten 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCupping scores from experts are extensively used in the coffee industry for a variety of applications, from quality control to judging coffee competitions. In this paper, we examined inter‐rater reliability (IRR) of “clean cup” ratings by coffee experts (“cuppers”) in two studies. In both studies, IRR reliability was found to be low, denoting a lack of concept alignment among experts. Remarkably, however, within‐assessor reproducibility was high, suggesting that expert cuppers have their own individual understanding of “clean cup.”Practical applicationsThe results presented suggested that “clean cup” scores have a fundamentally subjective nature. Since cupping scores are routinely used to drive business decisions (particularly in the context of quality control), it would be advisable that such attributes be anchored in a precise definition (in the case of “clean cup” of what constitute a defect from a sensory point of view) developed based on properly conducted sensory studies.
Differential gene expression in soybean infected by Phakopsora pachyrhizi in response to acibenzolar‐S‐methyl, jasmonic acid and silicon
Authors: Cruz Maria Fernanda Antunes , Pinto Marcos Oliveira , Barros Everaldo Gonçalves , Rodrigues Fabrício Ávila 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAsian soybean rust (ASR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, has negatively impacted soybean production worldwide. This study evaluated the effect of foliar spray of acibenzolar‐S‐methyl (ASM) and jasmonic acid (JA) as well as silicon (Si) supplied, either by soil amendment using calcium silicate or through a nutrient solution, on ASR control as well as on the expression of some defence‐related genes (phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL), chitinase (CHI), chalcone isomerase (CHAL), lipoxygenase (LOX), pathogenesis‐related protein 1 (PR‐1) and metalloproteinase (MET)) in soybean plants infected or not by P. pachyrhizi. Foliar Si concentration ranged from 2.6 to 8.7 dag/kg for Si supply by soil application or through a nutrient solution in comparison with the control treatment (no Si supply). Higher foliar Si concentration contributed to reducing ASR severity greater than 30%, mainly if supplied through nutrient solution. The ASR severity was significantly reduced by 36% with the ASM spray in comparison with the control treatment without any expressive effect on the expression of the analysed genes. The JA spray did not result in reduction on ASR severity in comparison with the control treatment even though with higher transcript levels of PAL at 12 hai. The transcripts levels of MET and PAL were significantly higher for inoculated plants taking up Si from the soil in comparison to non‐inoculated plants of this treatment at 72 hai. For Si supply through the nutrient solution (+Si plants), the transcripts levels of LOX and CHAL were significantly higher for inoculated plants in comparison to inoculated ‐Si ones at 12 hai. At 141 hai, the transcript level of PAL was significantly higher for inoculated + Si plants in comparison to inoculated ‐Si ones. In conclusion, Si supply contributed decisively to reduce ASR severity through the potentiation of some defence‐related genes mainly PAL and CHAL involved, respectively, in the biosynthesis of phenolics and flavonoids.
Comparative Quantitative Proteomics Reveals the Desiccation Stress Responses of the Intertidal Seaweed NEOPORPHYRA haitanensis
Authors: Wang Dongmei , You Wuxin , Chen Nianci , Cao Min , Tang Xianghai , Guan Xiaowei , Qu Weihua , Chen Rui , Mao Yunxiang , Poetsch Ansgar 
Published: July 2020

Neoporphyra haitanensis is an economically important red seaweed that inhabits upper intertidal zones. The thallus tolerates extreme fluctuating environmental stresses (e.g., surviving more than 80% water loss during low tides). To elucidate the global molecular responses relevant to this outstanding desiccation tolerance, a quantitative proteomics analysis of N. haitanensis under different desiccation treatments as well as rehydration was performed. According to the clustering of expression patterns and the functional interpretation of the 483 significantly differentially expressed proteins, a three‐stage cellular response to desiccation stress and subsequent rehydration was proposed. Stage I: at the beginning of water loss, multiple signal transduction pathways were triggered including lipid signaling, protein phosphorylation cascades, and histone acetylation controlling acetate biosynthesis to further modulate downstream hormone signaling. Protein protection by peptidyl‐prolyl isomerase and ROS scavenging systems were also immediately switched on. Stage II: with the aggravation of stress, increases in antioxidant systems, the accumulation of LEA proteins, and the temporary biosynthesis of branched starch were observed. Multiple enzymes involved in redox homeostasis, including peroxiredoxin, thioredoxin, ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, were hypothesized to function in specific cellular compartments. Stage III: when the desiccated thalli had rehydrated for 30 mins, photosynthesis and carbon fixation were recovered, and antioxidant activities and protein structure protection were maintained at a high level. This work increases the understanding of the molecular responses to environmental stresses via a proteomic approach in red seaweeds and paves the way for further functional studies and genetic engineering.
A predictive model for hepatitis B infection among high‐risk adults using a community‐based sample in greater Philadelphia
Authors: Freeland Catherine , Vader Daniel , Cohen Chari , George Brandon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLiver cancer is the 3rd deadliest cancer worldwide, with 5‐year survival rates of only 15%. In the United States, liver cancer incidence and death rates are increasing at a faster rate than any other cancer and are projected to continue to rise through at least 2030. A significant proportion of these liver cancer cases are due to hepatitis B virus (HBV). Community‐based screening is a public health practice working to identify individuals who are living with HBV in underserved communities, particularly Asian American, Pacific Islander and African immigrant populations. This data set includes a total of 3019 individuals considered high risk for HBV tested at community‐based testing events between 2008 and 2019. Descriptive results revealed HBV infection rate was 7.9% (N = 229), and 59% (N = 1704) had protective antibodies against HBV. To account for missingness in the data, multiple imputation was preformed and followed by logistic regression to create a predictive model. The results support an association between insurance status and HBV infection in the predictive model. Participant region of origin was also significantly related to HBV infection, and participants who immigrated from the Western Pacific and African World Organization designated regions had higher odds of infection compared to participants from the Americas. Results emphasize the need to continue to expand testing in high‐risk populations for HBV.
Genetic variant rs72613567 of HSD17B13 gene reduces alcohol‐related liver disease risk in Chinese Han population
Authors: Chen Haizhen , Zhang Yanfang , Guo Tongsheng , Yang Funing , Mao Yuanli , Li Liubing , Liu Chenxi , Gao Haidi , Jin Yuting , Che Yuanyuan , Li Yongzhe , Huang Jing 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground & AimsRecently, the variant rs72613567:TA in the 17‐beta‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13) has been associated with reduced levels of ALT and AST and a reduced risk of alcohol‐related liver disease (ALD) in the European population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between the polymorphisms of HSD17B13 and ALD, liver serum markers and patatin‐like phospholipase domain‐containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) p.I148M in the Chinese Han population.MethodsA case‐control study was performed from five centres and included 769 ALD patients and 767 healthy controls. Two SNPs (rs72613567 and rs6834314) in HSD17B13 were genotyped using the Sequenom MassArray system and allele association analysis was performed using PLINK 1.90 software.ResultsHSD17B13 rs72613567:TA allele was associated with a reduced risk of ALD by 19% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05‐0.31, P = .01), uniformly, the G allele in the rs6834314 reduced the risk of ALD by 19% (95% CI: 0.05‐0.31, P = 8.28 × 10−3). And the genotypes of two SNPs were associated with reducing the risk of ALD in three genetic model analysis. In addition, we found that TA allele was associated with lower levels of serum ALT, AST and GGT (P = .005, .007 and .02, respectively), higher level of serum ALB (P = .02), but not associated with ALP. In this cohort, the interaction between HSD17B13 rs72613567 and the steatogenic allele PNPLA3 rs738409 was not validated.ConclusionThe present study revealed that HSD17B13 rs72613567 was significantly associated with a reduced risk of ALD in Chinese Han population.
Dominican Ditchling and Herbert Mccabe's Sacramental Politics: Backwards to a Radical Future
Authors: O'Brien Nick 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article reconsiders the lay Dominican community of artisans which gathered in Ditchling, Sussex, in the 1920s. It does so by situating Ditchling in its distinctively Dominican context and by relating it to a form of sacramental politics powerfully evoked in the work of Herbert McCabe OP. In this way, it aims to reaffirm the continuing political-theological relevance of aspects of Ditchling, and to assert a measure of continuity with the Catholic New Left of the 1960s, with which Herbert McCabe is associated. The article identifies Ditchling's distinctively Dominican charism in a concern for contemplation, liturgy, and the regular life, alongside an aesthetic that brings together art, sacrament, and preaching, and relates such priorities to wider debate within the Dominican Order. These concerns are related to themes in McCabe's work on the relationship between Church, world, and community within the broader context of a theological politics that is both radical and sacramental. The article concludes that Ditchling's perceived ‘otherworldliness’ deserves re-evaluation, and that in the light of McCabe's sacramental politics Ditchling was not, in fact, quite ‘otherworldly’ enough.
Low Back Pain Induced by Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Incision in Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy
Authors: Lin Wei , Ma Wen‐ting , Xue Yuan 
Published: July 2020

ObjectiveTo illustrate the posterior longitudinal ligament is one of the tissue candidates who can contribute to low back pain (LBP).MethodsThis is a retrospective study. A series of 72 patients who underwent single‐level percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy performed for lumbar disc herniation with LBP from June 2014 to June 2016 were examined. There are 42 males and 30 females. The ages of patients were 40 to 57 years, and the mean age was 49.8 years. The symptomatic disc level was at L4‐5 in 43 patients and L5S1 in 29 patients. Thirty‐two patients (19 patients in L4‐5 disc level, 13 patients in L5S1 disc level) had LBP (which was limited to the lower back and buttock area) before the operation. All of the operative approaches were performed under local anesthesia. A posterior body diagram (15 cm × 10 cm) was made for this study to record the pain distribution. The centered foci of low back pain were subjectively recorded before, during, and after the operation. The transforaminal endoscopic spine system technology was used in this study. Radiological examinations (X‐ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging) were performed prior to and after surgery. The Visual Analogue Score (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were taken before and after the surgery to observe the degree of pain. The VSA and ODI score before and after operation were expressed as mean ± SD, and compared by t‐test for statistical analysis.ResultsWhen inciting the posterior longitudinal ligament during the operation, all 72 patients had provoked low back pain. Forty‐three patients with symptomatic discs at L4‐5 had pain foci in the lower back and upper gluteal region under the L4 spinous process. Twenty‐nine patients with symptomatic discs at L5S1 had pain foci in the gluteal region under the S1 spinous process. The pain localizations of L4‐5 and L5S1 were different. After the surgery, the provoked low back pain disappeared, and had not returned in any of the patients at the 6‐month follow‐up. After the operation, one patient suffered from lower limb pain that he did not have before the operation, and the lower limb pain abated a few days later. Three patients had cerebrospinal fluid leakage and were treated with higher pressure applied on the incision and bed rest for 10 days. During the 6‐months follow‐up period, the mean VAS decreased from 5.97 ± 1.10 to 2.13 ± 0.78. The mean ODI score decreased from 23.14 ± 3.28 to 7.92 ± 1.85.ConclusionsThe intervertebral posterior longitudinal ligament may be one of the tissues from which low back pain originates.