bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient’s experience of psoriatic arthritis: a conceptual model based on qualitative interviews
Authors: Ogdie Alexis , Michaud Kaleb , Nowak Miroslawa , Bruce Rachel , Cantor Sarah , Hintzen Carlijn , Mease Philip J 
Published: October 2020

IntroductionPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal disorder that manifests as peripheral arthritis, dactylitis, enthesitis and spondylitis. PsA results in significant burden that impacts quality of life of patients. We examined the signs, symptoms and impacts reported by patients with PsA, to characterise the patient experience of PsA and develop a conceptual model representing this patient experience.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with patients with PsA recruited through the FORWARD databank. Spontaneous and probed signs, symptoms and impacts of PsA were assessed. Patients rated the disturbance of these concepts on their lives using a scale from 0 (‘does not disturb’) to 10 (‘greatly disturbs’). Signs, symptoms and impacts reported by >80% of patients with a disturbance rating of ≥5 were defined as salient concepts. Recruitment continued until concept saturation was achieved.Results19 patients with PsA were interviewed. The interviews elicited 42 symptoms of which 8 had not been identified in a previous literature review encompassing 15 relevant articles. The most salient signs and symptoms elicited in the interviews were joint pain, skin symptoms, stiffness, swollen/inflamed joints and fatigue all with moderate to high disturbance ratings (range: 5.5–7.8). The most salient impacts were sleep disturbance, physical disability, effects on daily activities and feelings of frustration with also moderate to high disturbance ratings (range: 6.1–7.4).ConclusionsThe interviews highlighted the adverse impact PsA has on the patient’s life and may inform on outcome variables or areas suitable to be assessed in PsA studies.
High Body Mass Index and Triglycerides Help Protect against Osteoporosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Zhao Hang , Zheng Chong , Gan Kexin , Qi Cuijuan , Ren Luping , Song Guangyao 
Published: October 2020

Purpose. This study was conducted to investigate whether high body mass index (BMI) and triglycerides (TGs) were protective factors for reducing osteoporosis (OP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants and Methods. Seventy-nine patients (aged 20 to 81) with T2DM were included in the study. Basic information and blood indicators were collected. Bone mineral density was used to diagnose OP. Participants were grouped according to BMI (normal weight vs. overweight/obese participants), TG (normal TG vs. hypertriglyceridemia), and OP (non-OP vs. OP), and differences were compared between groups. Regression analysis was used to explore whether BMI or TG were independent factors affecting OP. Results. The proportions of OP in the overweight/obese and hypertriglyceridemic groups were significantly lower than those in the normal weight (30.0% vs. 69.0%;

P
=
0.001

) and normal TG (27.3% vs. 56.5%;

P
=
0.010

) groups. In the OP group, the BMI (

24.8
±
3.4

vs.

26.6
±
2.5

kg
/

m

2

;

P
=
0.009

) was significantly lower than that in the non-OP group, and TG showed the same trend (1.30 (0.81) vs. 1.71 (1.1) mmol/L;

P
=
0.020

). Logistic regression in the crude model showed that the odds ratios (ORs) of OP in the overweight/obese and hypertriglyceridemic groups were 0.193 (95% CI: 0.071, 0.520) and 0.315 (95% CI: 0.119, 0.830) compared with those of the normal weight and normal TG groups. After adjusting for sex and smoking, the ORs were 0.204 (95% CI: 0.074, 0.567) and 0.242 (95% CI: 0.082, 0.709) for the overweight/obese and hypertriglyceridemic groups, respectively. After adjusting for all confounding factors, the ORs for these groups were 0.248 (95% CI: 0.083, 0.746) and 0.299 (95% CI: 0.091, 0.989), respectively. Conclusion. BMI and TG are independent protective factors against OP in patients with T2DM.
An Electronic Component Recognition Algorithm Based on Deep Learning with a Faster SqueezeNet
Authors: Xu Yuanyuan , Yang Genke , Luo Jiliang , He Jianan 
Published: October 2020

Electronic component recognition plays an important role in industrial production, electronic manufacturing, and testing. In order to address the problem of the low recognition recall and accuracy of traditional image recognition technologies (such as principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM)), this paper selects multiple deep learning networks for testing and optimizes the SqueezeNet network. The paper then presents an electronic component recognition algorithm based on the Faster SqueezeNet network. This structure can reduce the size of network parameters and computational complexity without deteriorating the performance of the network. The results show that the proposed algorithm performs well, where the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) and Area Under the Curve (AUC), capacitor and inductor, reach 1.0. When the FPR is less than or equal

10

−
6

level, the TPR is greater than or equal to 0.99; its reasoning time is about 2.67 ms, achieving the industrial application level in terms of time consumption and performance.
The Comparison of Teen Clubs vs. Standard Care on Treatment Outcomes for Adolescents on Antiretroviral Therapy in Windhoek, Namibia
Authors: Munyayi Farai K. , van Wyk Brian E. 
Published: October 2020

Background. Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) are challenged to adhere to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and achieve and maintain virologic suppression. Group-based adherence support interventions, such as adherence clubs, have been shown to improve long-term adherence in ART patients. The teen club intervention was introduced in 2010 in Namibia to improve treatment outcomes for ALHIV by providing adherence support in a peer-group environment. Adolescents who have completed the full HIV disclosure process can voluntarily join the teen clubs. The current study compared treatment outcomes of ALHIV receiving ART at a specialized paediatric HIV clinic between 1 July 2015 and 30 June 2017 in Windhoek, Namibia. Methods. A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on routine patient data extracted from the electronic Patient Monitoring System, individual Patient Care Booklets, and teen club attendance registers. A sample of 385 adolescents were analysed: 78 in teen clubs and 307 in standard care. Virologic suppression was determined at 6, 12, and 18 months from study start date, and compared by model of care, age, sex, disclosure status, and ART regimen. Comparisons between adolescents in teen clubs and those receiving standard care were performed using the chi-square test, and risk ratios were calculated to analyze differences in ART adherence and virologic suppression. Results. The average clinician-measured ART adherence was 89% good, 6% fair, and 5% poor amongst all adolescents, with no difference between teen club members and adolescents in standard care (

p

= 0.277) at 3 months. Virologic suppression over the 2-year observation period was 87% (68% fully suppressed <40 copies/ml and 19% suppressed between 40–999 copies/ml), with no difference between teen club members and those in standard care. However, there were statistically significant differences in virologic suppression levels between the younger (10–14 years) adolescents and older (15–19 years) adolescents at 6 months (

p

= 0.015) and at 12 months (

p

= 0.021) and between adolescents on first-line and second-line ART regimen at 6 months (

p

= 0.012), 12 months (

p

= 0.004), and 18 months (

p

= 0.005). Conclusion. The teen club model delivering psychosocial support only did not improve adherence and virologic suppression levels for adolescents in a specialized paediatric ART clinic, neither were they inferior to standard care. Considering the limitations of this study, teen clubs may still hold potential for improving adherence and virologic suppression levels for older adolescents, and more robust research on adherence interventions for adolescents with higher methodological quality is required.
Chromatin Looping Shapes KLF5-Dependent Transcriptional Programs in Human Epithelial Cancers
Authors: Liu Yanli , Guo Bingqian , Aguilera-Jimenez Estrella , Chu Vivian S. , Zhou Jin , Wu Zhong , Francis Joshua M. , Yang Xiaojun , Choi Peter S. , Bailey Swneke D. , Zhang Xiaoyang 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Activation of transcription factors is a key driver event in cancer. We and others have recently reported that the Krüppel-like transcription factor KLF5 is activated in multiple epithelial cancer types including squamous cancer and gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma, yet the functional consequences and the underlying mechanisms of this activation remain largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that activation of KLF5 results in strongly selective KLF5 dependency for these cancer types. KLF5 bound lineage-specific regulatory elements and activated gene expression programs essential to cancer cells. HiChIP analysis revealed that multiple distal KLF5 binding events cluster and synergize to activate individual target genes. Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assays showed that KLF5 interacts with other transcription factors such as TP63 and YAP1, as well as the CBP/EP300 acetyltransferase complex. Furthermore, KLF5 guided the CBP/EP300 complex to increase acetylation of H3K27, which in turn enhanced recruitment of the bromodomain protein BRD4 to chromatin. The 3D chromatin architecture aggregated KLF5-dependent BRD4 binding to activate polymerase II elongation at KLF5 target genes, which conferred a transcriptional vulnerability to proteolysis-targeting chimera–induced degradation of BRD4. Our study demonstrates that KLF5 plays an essential role in multiple epithelial cancers by activating cancer-related genes through 3D chromatin loops, providing an evidence-based rationale for targeting the KLF5 pathway.

Significance:
An integrative 3D genomics methodology delineates mechanisms underlying the function of KLF5 in multiple epithelial cancers and suggests potential strategies to target cancers with aberrantly activated KLF5.
Targeting Subtype-Specific Metabolic Preferences in Nucleotide Biosynthesis Inhibits Tumor Growth in a Breast Cancer Model
Authors: Ogrodzinski Martin P. , Teoh Shao Thing , Lunt Sophia Y. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractInvestigating metabolic rewiring in cancer can lead to the discovery of new treatment strategies for breast cancer subtypes that currently lack targeted therapies. In this study, we used MMTV-Myc–driven tumors to model breast cancer heterogeneity, investigating the metabolic differences between two histologic subtypes, the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the papillary subtypes. A combination of genomic and metabolomic techniques identified differences in nucleotide metabolism between EMT and papillary subtypes. EMT tumors preferentially used the nucleotide salvage pathway, whereas papillary tumors preferred de novo nucleotide biosynthesis. CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing and mass spectrometry–based methods revealed that targeting the preferred pathway in each subtype resulted in greater metabolic impact than targeting the nonpreferred pathway. Knocking out the preferred nucleotide pathway in each subtype has a deleterious effect on in vivo tumor growth, whereas knocking out the nonpreferred pathway has a lesser effect or may even result in increased tumor growth. Collectively, these data suggest that significant differences in metabolic pathway utilization distinguish EMT and papillary subtypes of breast cancer and identify said pathways as a means to enhance subtype-specific diagnoses and treatment strategies.Significance:These findings uncover differences in nucleotide salvage and de novo biosynthesis using a histologically heterogeneous breast cancer model, highlighting metabolic vulnerabilities in these pathways as promising targets for breast cancer subtypes.
Molecular phylogeny of the tribe Philodryadini Cope, 1886 (Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae): Rediscovering the diversity of the South American Racers
Authors: Arredondo Juan Camilo , Grazziotin Felipe Gobbi , Scrocchi Manfrini Gustavo Jose , Rodrigues Miguel Trefaut Urbano , Bonatto Sandro Luís , Zaher Hussam El Dine 
Published: October 2020

South American racers of the tribe Philodryadini are a widespread and diverse group of Neotropical snakes with a complex taxonomic and systematic history. Recent studies failed to present a robust phylogenetic hypothesis for the tribe, mainly due to incomplete taxon sampling. Here we provide the most extensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of Philodryadini available so far, including 20 species (83% of the known diversity) from which six were not sampled previously. Our results reveal that Philodryadini is not monophyletic, but instead includes a central Andean clade formed by Philodryas simonsii, P. tachymenoides, and P. amaru, and a southern and cis-Andean clade including all remaining philodryadines. This discovery requires resurrection of two genera as well as erection of a new tribe of Xenodontinae for the central Andean clade. Within the southern and cis-Andean radiation, our analyses resolve a basal dichotomy separating two main lineages: Clade A, containing the Common Green Racers P. laticeps and P. viridissima and the South American Vine snakes P. georgeboulengeri and P. argentea; and Clade B, including the remaining species of Philodryas sensu stricto. We resurrect the genera Chlorosoma and Xenoxybelis to better represent the monophyly of lineages within the southern and cis-Andean clade.
Comentario de Gallego, J. & Fernández, C. (Comps.). (2019). Democracia, pasión de multitudes. Política, comedia y emociones en la Atenas clásica.
Authors: Gerardi Juan 
Published: October 2020

Se comenta el libro compilado por Julián Gallego y Claudia Fernández Democracia, pasión de multitudes. Política, comedia y emociones en la Atenas clásica.
Reexamining the Moisture Mode Theories of the Madden–Julian Oscillation Based on Observational Analyses
Authors: Hu Feng , Li Tim , Gao Jianyun , Hao Lisheng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractTwo existing moisture mode theories of the MJO, one emphasizing boundary layer moisture asymmetry (MA) and the other emphasizing column-integrated moist static energy (MSE) tendency asymmetry (TA), were validated with the diagnosis of observational data during 1979–2012. A total of 2343 MJO days are selected. While all these days show a clear phase leading of the boundary layer moisture, 20% of these days do not show a positive column-integrated MSE tendency in front of MJO convection (non-TA). A further MSE budget analysis indicates that the difference between the non-TA composite and the TA composite lies in the zonal extent of anomalously vertical overturning circulation in front of the MJO convection. A background mean precipitation modulation mechanism is proposed to explain the distinctive circulation responses. Dependent on the MJO location, an anomalous Gill response to the heating is greatly modulated by the seasonal mean and ENSO induced precipitation fields. Despite the negative MSE tendency in front of MJO convection in the non-TA group, the system continues moving eastward due to the effect of the boundary layer moistening, which promotes a convectively unstable stratification ahead of MJO convection. The analysis result suggests that the first type of moisture mode theories, the moisture asymmetry mechanism, appears more robust, particularly over the eastern Maritime Continent and western Pacific.
Increased Rate of Sexual Dysfunction by Increased Severity of Nasal Obstruction in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Zojaji Ramin , Kerachi Mahnaz , Imani Mohammad Mehdi , Zojaji Seyedeh H. , Shomeiri Soheil 
Published: October 2020

Objectives: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common chronic respiratory disorder. This study aimed to investigate the relation between nasal obstruction and sexual dysfunction in men with CRS. Methods: In this case-control study, 100 married men aged 19 to 48 years with CRS and 56 healthy married men were selected, consecutively. For assessment of nasal obstruction severity NOSE scale (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation) was used and IIEF (International Index of Erectile Function) inventory was used to assess sexual function. Results: Mean age of patients with CRS and controls was 33.25 ± 6.5 and 30.58 ± 7.12 years, respectively. Nasal obstruction was moderate in 70% of patients and 95% of patients had some degrees of erectile dysfunction. A significant association was found between nasal obstruction severity and sexual function and by increasing severity of nasal obstruction, sexual function decreased significantly in CRS patients. Sexual function in total (IIEF score) and in its domains, except for sexual desire, were significantly higher in control group ( P < .05). Conclusion: There is significant inverse association between severity of nasal obstruction and sexual function. Sexual function decreases with increasing severity of nasal obstruction in CRS. CRS patients also have lower sexual function scores than healthy control males.
The National Disability Insurance Scheme and people with severe and persistent mental illness/psychosocial disability: A review, analysis and synthesis of published literature
Authors: Hamilton Debra , Hancock Nicola , Scanlan Justin Newton , Banfield Michelle 
Published: October 2020

Objectives: The aim of this scoping review was to map and synthesise peer-reviewed literature reporting on the Australian National Disability Insurance Scheme and psychosocial disability. Method: The review followed the rigorous and systematic protocol of Arksey and O’Malley. Five databases were searched and, using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, publications were identified for inclusion. Data were extracted from publications, tabulated and graphically presented. A qualitative analysis was also completed. Results: Twenty-eight publications were included. While a wide range of issues were covered across this literature, only eight publications specifically focused on the National Disability Insurance Scheme. Almost half of publications were only author commentary without analysis of external data. There were no evaluations and a paucity of publications documenting the lived experiences of people with psychosocial disability or their families. Qualitative analysis identified 59 separate themes. These were grouped using a modified strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats framework. While it was acknowledged that the Scheme has the capacity to enrich people’s lives and enhance service integration, themes relating to weakness and threats dominated within this literature. These included a variety of existing or predicted problems such as poor integration of a recovery philosophy into the National Disability Insurance Scheme, complex application processes creating barriers to access, concern for those ineligible or not accessing the National Disability Insurance Scheme, the need to ensure National Disability Insurance Scheme plans address specific, changing participant needs and that services will be available to provide required supports. Conclusion: Given the significant impact of the National Disability Insurance Scheme on the lives of individuals and the wider mental health service system, there continues to be surprisingly limited peer-reviewed literature reporting on experiences and outcomes of the Scheme for people living with psychosocial disability. Future research examining outcomes and shedding light on National Disability Insurance Scheme experiences of people with psychosocial disability and their families are particularly important for ongoing development and evaluation of the Scheme.
Post-SAFTA NTMs for Agricultural Trade: Revelations from the India–South Asia Approach
Authors: Kumar Chandan , Bharti Nalin 
Published: October 2020

Commitment of South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) from South Asian Preferential Trading Agreement (SAPTA) for trade liberalisation was one of the hopes in South Asia. This article highlights untapped trade potential in agro-trade between India and its trading partners in South Asia through Trade Potential Index (TPI). This article evaluates post-SAFTA effects of non-tariff measures (NTMs) on agro-products (HS 6-digit level) over the period 2004–2016. After 2004, many agro-products of South Asia have suffered trade restrictions which create challenges over SAFTA implementation. This article inquires whether NTMs in post-SAFTA has been trade creating or trade inhibiting in agro-trade for member countries as per the earlier commitments. Research methodology for this study includes qualitative and quantitative approach. Qualitative approach examines agri-trade constraints faced between India and rest seven South Asian countries and vice versa. Quantitative analysis explores prevailing trade barriers in selected agro-products during 2002–2016 applying Regional Trade Barrier Index and NTM Coverage Ratio. Results establish the presence of agri-trade barriers from South Asian countries against India as well as India’s barriers against rest seven countries of South Asia. Study concludes that agri-trade restrictions prevail in South Asia despite SAFTA which shows the slow process of trade liberalisation. JEL Codes: F13, F14, Q17
Long-term outcomes of rheumatic mitral valve repair: Is it worthwhile to do it?
Authors: Waikittipong Somchai 
Published: October 2020

Aim This retrospective study was undertaken to evaluate the long-term outcomes of mitral valve repair in rheumatic patients. Methods From 2003 to 2019, 151 patients (mean age 26.5 ± 14.9 years; 68.9% female) underwent mitral valve repair. Fifty-three (35.1%) had atrial fibrillation, and 79 (52.3%) were in New York Heart Association class III/IV. Pure mitral regurgitation was present in 109 (72.2%) patients, pure stenosis in 9 (6%), and mixed regurgitation and stenosis in 33. Results Three (2%) patients died postoperatively and 4 (2.6%) were lost during follow-up. Mean follow-up was 90.5 ± 55.6 months. There were 22 (14.8%) late deaths. Actuarial survival at 5, 10, and 15 years was 90.7% ± 2.5%, 83.5% ± 3.6%, and 76.5 ± 6.1%, respectively. Twelve (8.5%) patients underwent reoperation. Freedom from reoperation at 5, 10, and 15 years was 96.1% ± 1.7%, 89.8% ± 3.2%, and 82.3% ± 6.1%, respectively. Forty-two (29.2%) patients developed recurrent mitral regurgitation. Freedom from recurrence of mitral regurgitation at 5, 10, and 15 years was 70.9% ± 4.3%, 56% ± 5.9%, and 53.3% ± 6.4%, respectively. Eighty-one (56.6%) patients were and free from all events during follow-up. Freedom from all events at 5, 10, and 15 years was 64.8% ± 4.1%, 48.6% ± 5.3%, and 43.7% ± 5.8%, respectively. Conclusions Although rheumatic mitral valve repair is associated with late recurrence of mitral regurgitation, it has benefits in selected patients, especially children and young patients who want to avoid the lifelong risks of anticoagulation. Long-term follow-up is essential in these patients.