bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening and evaluation of key genes in contributing to pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis based on microarray data
Authors: Wu Furong , Ning Lijuan , Zhou Ran , Shen Aizong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Hepatic fibrosis (HF), which is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the liver, usually progresses to liver cirrhosis and then death. To screen differentially expressed (DE) long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs, explore their potential functions to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of HF.

Methods
The microarray of GSE80601 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, which is based on the GPL1355 platform. Screening for the differentially expressed LncRNAs and mRNAs was conducted between the control and model groups. Then, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to analyze the biological functions and pathways of the DE mRNAs. Additionally, the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was delineated. In addition, utilizing the Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) package and Cytoscape software, we constructed lncRNA-mRNA weighted co-expression networks.

Results
A total of 254 significantly differentially expressed lncRNAs and 472 mRNAs were identified. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that DE mRNAs regulated HF by participating in the GO terms of metabolic process, inflammatory response, response to wounding and oxidation–reduction. DE mRNAs were also significantly enriched in the pathways of ECM-receptor interaction, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, focal adhesion (FA), retinol metabolism and metabolic pathways. Moreover, 24 lncRNAs associated with 40 differentially expressed genes were observed in the modules of lncRNA-mRNA weighted co-expression network.

Conclusions
This study revealed crucial information on the molecular mechanisms of HF and laid a foundation for subsequent genes validation and functional studies, which could contribute to the development of novel diagnostic markers and provide new therapeutic targets for the clinical treatment of HF.
Associations of mitochondrial genomic variation with corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, and neuropathological tau measures
Authors: Valentino Rebecca R. , Tamvaka Nikoleta , Heckman Michael G. , Johnson Patrick W. , Soto-Beasley Alexandra I. , Walton Ronald L. , Koga Shunsuke , Uitti Ryan J. , Wszolek Zbigniew K. , Dickson Dennis W. , Ross Owen A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMitochondrial health is important in ageing and dysfunctional oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) accelerates ageing and influences neurodegeneration. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) codes for vital OXPHOS subunits and mtDNA background has been associated with neurodegeneration; however, no study has characterised mtDNA variation in Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) or Corticobasal degeneration (CBD) risk or pathogenesis. In this case–control study, 910 (42.6% male) neurologically-healthy controls, 1042 (54.1% male) pathologically-confirmed PSP cases, and 171 (52.0% male) pathologically-confirmed CBD cases were assessed to determine how stable mtDNA polymorphisms, in the form of mtDNA haplogroups, were associated with risk of PSP, risk of CBD, age of PSP onset, PSP disease duration, and neuropathological tau pathology measures for neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), neuropil threads (NT), tufted astrocytes (TA), astrocytic plaques (AP), and oligodendroglial coiled bodies (CB). 764 PSP cases and 150 CBD cases had quantitative tau pathology scores. mtDNA was genotyped for 39 unique SNPs using Agena Bioscience iPlex technologies and mitochondrial haplogroups were defined to mitochondrial phylogeny. After adjustment for multiple testing, we observed an association with risk of CBD for mtDNA sub-haplogroup H4 (OR = 4.51, P = 0.001) and the HV/HV0a haplogroup was associated with a decreased severity of NT tau pathology in PSP cases (P = 0.0023). Our study reports that mitochondrial genomic background may be associated with risk of CBD and may be influencing tau pathology measures in PSP. Replication of these findings will be important.
Silencing of PhLA, a CIN-TCP gene, causes defected petal conical epidermal cell formation and results in reflexed corolla lobes in petunia
Authors: Chen Hsiao-Wei , Lee Po-Lun , Wang Chun-Neng , Hsu Hui-Ju , Chen Jen-Chih 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
TCP-domain proteins, plant specific transcription factors, play important roles in various developmental processes. CIN-TCPs control leaf curvature in simple leaf species while regulate leaf complexity in compound leaf species. However, the knowledge was largely based on findings in few model species. To extend our knowledge on this group of proteins in Solanaceae species, we identified a CIN-TCP gene from petunia, and studied its functions using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS).

Results
Consistently, silencing of CIN-TCPs increases complexity of tomato leaves, and enhances leaf curvature in Nicotiana benthamiana. However, in petunia (Petunia hybrida), silencing of petunia LA, a CIN-TCP, through VIGS did not obviously affect leaf shape. The silencing, however, enhanced petal curvature. The event was associated with petal expansion at the distal portion where epidermal cell size along the midribs was also increased. The enlarged epidermal cells became flattened. Although shapes of PhLA-silenced flowers largely resemble phmyb1 mutant phenotype, PhMYB1 expression was not affected when PhLA was specifically silenced. Therefore, both PhLA and PhMYB1 are required to regulate flower morphology. In corolla, PhLA and miR319 deferentially express in different regions with strong expressions in limb and tube region respectively.

Conclusions
In conclusion, unlike LA-like genes in tomato and N. benthamiana, PhLA plays a more defined role in flower morphogenesis, including petal curvature and epidermal cell differentiation.
A novel press-fit minimally-invasive symphysiodesis technique
Authors: Hopp Sascha J. , Pizanis Antonius , Briem Jeremy , Hahner Jill , Mettelsiefen Laura , Herath Steven C. , Histing Tina , Pohlemann Tim , Fritz Tobias 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective
Instability of the pubic symphysis often results in a poor outcome and reduced mobility of the patient. In some cases, an arthrodesis of the pubic symphysis is required. Until today, there is no data published how many of these procedures are performed annually and there is also no data about the outcome after this extensive surgery.

Methods
We developed a novel surgical technique to address the arthrodesis of the pubic symphysis in a minimally invasive approach. Therefore, we used for this purpose modified instruments and performed the transplantation of a cylindrical bone substitute into the pubic symphysis, without an extensive approach or dissecting the anterior or posterior symphyseal ligaments.

Results
Using this novel technique, a minimally invasive symphysiodesis was achieved in radiological findings, after the procedure.

Conclusion
Thus, this actually minimally invasive surgical technique seems to be a promising advancement for the arthrodesis of the pubic symphysis.
Two-stepped majority voting for efficient EEG-based emotion classification
Authors: Ismael Aras M. , Alçin Ömer F. , Abdalla Karmand Hussein , Şengür Abdulkadir 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper, a novel approach that is based on two-stepped majority voting is proposed for efficient EEG-based emotion classification. Emotion recognition is important for human–machine interactions. Facial features- and body gestures-based approaches have been generally proposed for emotion recognition. Recently, EEG-based approaches become more popular in emotion recognition. In the proposed approach, the raw EEG signals are initially low-pass filtered for noise removal and band-pass filters are used for rhythms extraction. For each rhythm, the best performed EEG channels are determined based on wavelet-based entropy features and fractal dimension-based features. The k-nearest neighbor (KNN) classifier is used in classification. The best five EEG channels are used in majority voting for getting the final predictions for each EEG rhythm. In the second majority voting step, the predictions from all rhythms are used to get a final prediction. The DEAP dataset is used in experiments and classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity are used for performance evaluation metrics. The experiments are carried out to classify the emotions into two binary classes such as high valence (HV) vs low valence (LV) and high arousal (HA) vs low arousal (LA). The experiments show that 86.3% HV vs LV discrimination accuracy and 85.0% HA vs LA discrimination accuracy is obtained. The obtained results are also compared with some of the existing methods. The comparisons show that the proposed method has potential in the use of EEG-based emotion classification.
A new approach to social inequality: inequality of income and wealth in South Korea
Authors: Shin Kwang-Yeong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper attempts to provide a new approach to social inequality, focusing on income and wealth inequality and the relationship between income inequality and wealth inequality. With an analysis of the data linking survey data with administrative data in South Korea, this paper reports that wealth, employment status, family size, and education are significant contributors to income inequality. However, income and loans are the two most significant factors contributing to wealth inequality. Income derived from economic activity and loans based on the leverage in the financial market have exacerbated wealth inequality as higher income groups tend to utilize more loans in the financialized economy, widening the gap between the rich and the poor. Wealth inequality has different dynamics from income inequality, mediated through leverage in South Korea.
UK psychiatrists’ experience of withdrawal of antipsychotics prescribed for challenging behaviours in adults with intellectual disabilities and/or autism
Authors: Deb Shoumitro , Nancarrow Tom , Limbu Bharati , Sheehan Rory , Wilcock Mike , Branford David , Courtenay Ken , Perera Bhathika , Shankar Rohit 
Published: September 2020

Background
A high proportion of adults with intellectual disabilities are prescribed off-licence antipsychotics in the absence of a psychiatric illness. The National Health Service in England launched an initiative in 2016, ‘Stopping over-medication of people with a learning disability [intellectual disability], autism or both’ (STOMP), to address this major public health concern.

Aims
To gain understanding from UK psychiatrists working with adults with intellectual disabilities on the successes and challenges of withdrawing antipsychotics for challenging behaviours.

Method
An online questionnaire was sent to all UK psychiatrists working in the field of intellectual disability (estimated 225).

Results
Half of the 88 respondents stated that they started withdrawing antipsychotics over 5 years ago and 52.3% stated that they are less likely to initiate an antipsychotic since the launch of STOMP. However, since then, 46.6% are prescribing other classes of psychotropic medication instead of antipsychotics for challenging behaviours, most frequently the antidepressants. Complete antipsychotic discontinuation in over 50% of patients treated with antipsychotics was achieved by only 4.5% of respondents (n = 4); 11.4% reported deterioration in challenging behaviours in over 50% of patients on withdrawal and the same proportion (11.4%) reported no deterioration. Only 32% of respondents made the diagnosis of psychiatric illness in all their patients themselves. Family and paid carers’ concern, lack of multi-agency and multidisciplinary input and unavailability of non-medical psychosocial intervention are key reported factors hampering the withdrawal attempt.

Conclusions
There is an urgent need to develop national guidelines to provide a framework for systematic psychotropic drug reviews and withdrawal where possible.
The Manifold Partisan
Authors: Scalia Antonino 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article examines how the Italian Communist Party and the Italian revolutionary Left connected internationalism to anti-fascism in the main internationalist campaigns that marked the high point of internationalist mobilizations between the mid-1960s and the mid-1970s, and considers to what extent this tradition is still relevant today. In particular, this article focuses on the movements of solidarity with the Vietnamese and Palestinian national liberation struggles and against the Greek and Chilean dictatorships. At various moments in time and depending on the particular campaign, multiple leftist actors bridged the gaps between anti-fascism and anti-imperialism in a variety of ways by relying on their peculiar relationships with the anti-fascist tradition. Furthermore, the actions of international and foreign individuals and organizations, the activities of anti-fascist veterans and neofascists, and the specific context of Italian and international political conjunctures influenced the nature of such “bridging” and the resonance between these frames of anti-fascism and anti-imperialism.
Comparison of radiographical characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of intraosseous jaw lesions on panoramic radiographs and CBCT
Authors: Mao Wei-yu , Lei Jie , Lim Li Zhen , Gao Yan , Tyndall Donald A , Fu Kaiyuan 
Published: September 2020

Objective: To investigate the differences in imaging characteristics and the diagnostic accuracy of 225 intraosseous jaw lesions on panoramic radiographs (PAN) versus cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: 225 sets of PAN and CBCT images with biopsy-proven histopathological diagnoses were retrospectively compared in terms of radiographic features and diagnostic accuracy. The imaging characteristics of PAN and CBCT were independently evaluated by two oral and maxillofacial radiologists who were required to answer 12 questions and provided up to three differential diagnoses with their confidence scores. Results: Odds ratios (ORs) were statistically significant for border cortication (OR = 1.521; p = .003) and border continuity (OR = 0.421; p = .001), involvement on neurovascular canals (OR = 2.424; p < .001), expansion (OR = 7.948; p < .001), cortical thinning (OR = 20.480; p < .001) as well as its destruction (OR = 25.022; p < .001) and root resorption (OR = 2.477; p < .001). Furthermore, imaging features in the posterior and mandibular regions showed better agreement than those in the anterior and maxillary regions, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of the first differential diagnosis was higher on CBCT than on PAN (Observer 1:78.7 vs 64.4%; Observer 2: 78.7 vs 70.2% (p < .001)). The observers’ confidence scores were also higher at CBCT interpretation compared with PAN. Conclusions: CBCT demonstrated a greater number of imaging characteristics of intraosseous jaw lesions compared with PAN, especially in the anterior regions of both jaws and in the maxilla. Diagnostic accuracy is improved with CBCT compared to PAN, especially for lesions in the maxilla. Radiologists have greater confidence when using CBCT.
Alcohol consumption patterns among men who have sex with men in major cities of Myanmar: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Htut Kyaw-Min , Areesantichai Chitlada , Mon Myo-Myo 
Published: September 2020

Background: Alcohol consumption patterns vary widely across the regions of the world. Although previous studies have focused on the sexual risk behaviours among men who have sex with men (MSM), studies regarding binge alcohol drinking among MSM in Myanmar are scarce. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify the alcohol consumption patterns among MSM aged over 18 years in two major cities of Myanmar where the MSM population is higher than other regions. Purposive sampling was applied and sampling was made through Myanmar MSM network. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire. Patterns of alcohol consumption were described as frequency/percentage and mean/median as appropriate. Bivariate analysis was also done to find out the association between types of MSM and binge drinking. Results: A total of 256 MSM included in the study (mean age, 27.33±7.7 years). Of 256 participants, 225 MSM had the experience of alcohol consumption in their lifetime (225/256, 87.9%). Among ever drinkers, 152 MSM consumed alcohol within three months (152/225, 67.6%). Regarding beer consumption, the highest proportions of MSM from both groups (42.8%, 36.8%) consumed 1-3 times per week. Overall, 57.2% of young MSM and 41.2% of adult MSM consumed beer together with their friends. Nearly 34% of young MSM and nearly 38% of adult MMS consumed beer at gatherings of friends. At different time periods, higher proportions of Thange (partners of MSM) had experienced of binge drinking than apwint (open) and apone (hidden) (p<0.05). Conclusions: The current study identified the alcohol consumption patterns in terms of type, amount, frequency at different time periods among MSM in major cities of Myanmar. It is suggested to develop and implement alcohol control policy for MSM since the proportion of current drinkers as well as binge drinking higher among these groups.
Attosecond timing jitter within a temporal soliton molecule
Authors: Song Youjian , Zhou Feng , Tian Haochen , Hu Minglie 
Published: September 2020

The interactions of optical solitons in passively mode-locked lasers result in abundant bound states that reflect intriguing nonlinear attractor behaviors in complex dissipative systems. In this study, we tested the strength limits of the fixed-point attractors that govern bound soliton molecule formation in passively mode-locked lasers. To this end, we probed the relative timing jitter in a closely separated stationary doublet soliton molecule produced by a Kerr-lens mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser. By adopting a balanced optical cross-correlation method with a

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temporal resolution, we derive an upper estimate of 60 as intramolecular timing jitter, which is integrated from 100 Hz to the Nyquist frequency (60 MHz). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence for attosecond timing jitter within robust bound solitons in dissipative systems.
Breath Biopsy Assessment of Liver Disease Using an Exogenous Volatile Organic Compound—Toward Improved Detection of Liver Impairment
Authors: Ferrandino Giuseppe , Orf Isabel , Smith Rob , Calcagno Marzia , Thind Anita Kaur , Debiram-Beecham Irene , Williams Megan , Gandelman Olga , de Saedeleer Alexandra , Kibble Graham , Lydon Anne Marie , Mayhew Chris A. , Allsworth Max , Boyle Billy , van der Schee Marc P. , Allison Michael , Hoare Matthew , Snowdon Victoria K. 
Published: September 2020

INTRODUCTION:
Liver cirrhosis and its complication — hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) — have been associated with increased exhaled limonene. It is currently unclear whether this increase is more strongly associated with the presence of HCC or with the severity of liver dysfunction.

METHODS:
We compared the exhaled breath of 40 controls, 32 cirrhotic patients, and 12 cirrhotic patients with HCC using the Breath Biopsy platform. Breath samples were analyzed by thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Limonene levels were compared between the groups and correlated to bilirubin, albumin, prothrombin time international normalized ratio, and alanine aminotransferase.

RESULTS:
Breath limonene concentration was significantly elevated in subjects with cirrhosis-induced HCC (M: 82.1 ng/L, interquartile range [IQR]: 16.33–199.32 ng/L) and cirrhosis (M: 32.6 ng/L, IQR: 6.55–123.07 ng/L) compared with controls (M: 6.2 ng/L, IQR: 2.62–9.57 ng/L) (P value = 0.0005 and 0.0001, respectively) with no significant difference between 2 diseased groups (P value = 0.37). Levels of exhaled limonene correlated with serum bilirubin (R
2 = 0.25, P value = 0.0016, r = 0.51), albumin (R
2 = 0.58, P value = 5.3e-8, r = −0.76), and international normalized ratio (R
2 = 0.29, P value = 0.0003, r = 0.51), but not with alanine aminotransferase (R
2 = 0.01, P value = 0.36, r = 0.19).

DISCUSSION:
Exhaled limonene levels are primarily affected by the presence of cirrhosis through reduced liver functional capacity, as indicated by limonene correlation with blood metrics of impaired hepatic clearance and protein synthesis capacity, without further alterations observed in subjects with HCC. This suggests that exhaled limonene is a potential non-invasive marker of liver metabolic capacity (see Visual abstract, Supplementary Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/CTG/A388).
Autonomous guidewire navigation in a two dimensional vascular phantom
Authors: Karstensen Lennart , Behr Tobias , Pusch Tim Philipp , Mathis-Ullrich Franziska , Stallkamp Jan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The treatment of cerebro- and cardiovascular diseases requires complex and challenging navigation of a catheter. Previous attempts to automate catheter navigation lack the ability to be generalizable. Methods of Deep Reinforcement Learning show promising results and may be the key to automate catheter navigation through the tortuous vascular tree. This work investigates Deep Reinforcement Learning for guidewire manipulation in a complex and rigid vascular model in 2D. The neural network trained by Deep Deterministic Policy Gradients with Hindsight Experience Replay performs well on the low-level control task, however the high-level control of the path planning must be improved further.
Cardiac radiomics: an interactive approach for 4D data exploration
Authors: Tautz Lennart , Zhang Hannu , Hüllebrand Markus , Ivantsits Matthias , Kelle Sebastian , Kuehne Titus , Falk Volkmar , Hennemuth Anja 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Cardiac diseases manifest in a multitude of interconnected changes in morphology and dynamics. Radiomics approaches are a promising technique to analyze such changes directly from image data. We propose novel features to specifically describe moving cardiac structures, and an interactive 4D visualization method to explore such data. Prototypical tests with an open data set containing different diseases show that our approach can be a fast and useful tool for the 4D analysis of heterogeneous cohort data.
Catalogue of hazards: a fundamental part for the safe design of surgical robots
Authors: Theisgen Lukas , Strauch Florian , Fuente Matías de la , Radermacher Klaus 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Risk classes defined by MDR and FDA for state-of-the-art surgical robots based on their intended use are not suitable as indicators for their hazard potential. While there is a lack of safety regulation for an increasing degree of automation as well as the degree of invasiveness into the patient’s body, adverse events have increased in the last decade. Thus, an outright identification of hazards as part of the risk analysis over the complete development process and life cycle of a surgical robot is crucial, especially when introducing new technologies. For this reason, we present a comprehensive approach for hazard identification in early phases of development. With this multi-perspective approach, the number of hazards identified can be increased. Furthermore, a generic catalogue of hazards for surgical robots has been established by categorising the results. The catalogue serves as a data pool for risk analyses and holds the potential to reduce hazards through safety measures already in the design process before becoming risks for the patient.