bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic acid profiles, physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties of yoghurts produced by adding turpentine (Pistacia terebinthus L.) coffee
Authors: Kavaz Yüksel Arzu , Yüksel Mehmet 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In the worldwide, the consumption of traditional coffees has been widely increased due to their distinctive aroma. Turpentine coffee (TC), known as “menengic coffee” is one of the most consumed coffees in the Turkey. The aim of this study was to produce a new and functional yoghurt using different concentrations of TC (0.5, 1 and 2%) and evaluated the effect of TC addition on the physicochemical and microbiological properties, colour values, organic acid profiles and sensory parameters of yoghurts during 21 days of storage at ±4 °C. The ash, protein, fat, viscosity, syneresis, titratable acidity and pH values, a* and b* colour properties, orotic, citric, lactic, acetic, butyric and propionic acid levels of yoghurts showed an increase with the increment of TC amount, while total solids, Lactobacillus delbrueckii spp. bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus and yeast-mould counts, L* colour value, pyruvic acid amount and all observed sensory properties of yoghurts decreased. Total solids, ash, protein and syneresis values, L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus counts, L*, a* and b* colour parameters, appearance scores of yoghurts have shown almost similar changing during storage. Generally, all observed parameters showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.01; P < 0.05) with the addition of TC except for syneresis value, orotic, pyruvic, butyric and malic acid concentrations.
Functional principal component analysis for near-infrared spectral data: a case study on Tricholoma matsutakeis
Authors: Li Haoran , Pan Tianhong , Li Yuqiang , Chen Shan , Li Guoquan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Tricholoma matsutakeis (TM) is the most expensive edible fungi in China. Given its price and exclusivity, some dishonest merchants will sell adulterated TM by combining it with cheaper fungi in an attempt to earn more profits. This fraudulent behavior has broken food laws and violated consumer trust. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a rapid, accurate, and nondestructive tool to discriminate TM from other edible fungi. In this work, a novel detection algorithm combined with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and functional principal component analysis (FPCA) is proposed. Firstly, the raw NIR data were pretreated by locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOWESS) and multiplication scatter correction (MSC). Then, FPCA was used to extract valuable information from the preprocessed NIR data. Then, a classifier was designed by using the least-squares support-vector machine (LS-SVM) to distinguish categories of edible fungi. Furthermore, the one-versus-one (OVO) strategy was included and the binary LS-SVM was extended to a multi-class classifier. The 166 samples of four varieties of fungi were used to validate the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method has great capability in near infrared spectra classification, and the average accurate of FPCA-LSSVM is 97.3% which is greater than that of PCA-LSSVM (93.5%).
Facilitating and hindering experiences to the development of humanistic caring in the academic and clinical settings: an interpretive phenomenological study with nursing students and nurses
Authors: Létourneau Dimitri , Goudreau Johanne , Cara Chantal 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
This paper reports on nursing students’ and nurses’ lived experiences mediating their development of humanistic caring.

Methods
Using interpretive phenomenology, 26 participants were individually interviewed. A five-stage phenomenological analysis based on Benner’s (Benner, P. (1994). Interpretive phenomenology: Embodiment, caring, and ethics in health and illness. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE) method occurred simultaneously.

Results
The analysis highlighted that the development of humanistic caring is affected by role models and counterexamples, environments in which humanistic caring is exalted or trivialized, communication-related courses, patient storytelling, and work overload.

Conclusions
It might be valuable to raise the awareness of nurse educators about their opportunity in shaping the development of students’ humanistic caring.
Boundary shape functions methods for solving the nonlinear singularly perturbed problems with Robin boundary conditions
Authors: Liu Chein-Shan , Chang Jiang-Ren 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
For a second-order nonlinear singularly perturbed boundary value problem (SPBVP), we develop two novel algorithms to find the solution, which automatically satisfies the Robin boundary conditions. For the highly singular nonlinear SPBVP the Robin boundary functions are hard to be fulfilled exactly. In the paper we first introduce the new idea of boundary shape function (BSF), whose existence is proven and it can automatically satisfy the Robin boundary conditions. In the BSF, there exists a free function, which leaves us a chance to develop new algorithms by adopting two different roles of the free function. In the first type algorithm we let the free functions be the exponential type bases endowed with fractional powers, which not only satisfy the Robin boundary conditions automatically, but also can capture the singular behavior to find accurate numerical solution by a simple collocation technique. In the second type algorithm we let the BSF be solution and the free function be another variable, such that we can transform the boundary value problem to an initial value problem (IVP) for the new variable, which can quickly find accurate solution for the nonlinear SPBVP through a few iterations.
The House of European History, Food for Thought and Reflection
Authors: Kesteloot Chantal 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In May 2017, the House of European History opened its doors in Brussels. Long awaited, this new museum represents a small revolution in the museum landscape. It stands out both because of the scale of the project - the history of Europe - and the specific role given to each visitor. The idea is not to impose a narrative on the visitor, but to encourage critical understanding. Visitors should be led to question the concept of Europe from its beginnings, but also explore what unites Europe. The museum's designers focused on the concept of memory, which unites and divides at the same time. Through six chronological sections, the visitor is invited to revisit Europe at a time when it seems more than ever in crisis.
The Neo-Babylonian Empire: The Imperial Periphery as Seen from the Centre
Authors: Levavi Yuval 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The paper examines the cuneiform evidence from sixth-century Babylonia (and beyond) for information on the form and aims of Neo-Babylonian imperial rule over its western provinces. While new texts, which hitherto have not been considered in this context, can be brought to bear on the issue, direct evidence from these provinces is still scarce. These documents will thus be supplemented by drawing on the rich information concerning state institutions and resource extraction in the imperial centre. It is argued that in the first half of the Neo-Babylonian period, until ca. 585 BCE, Babylonian imperial rule in the western periphery can be conceptualized primarily as a straightforward exploitative tributary regime. From about the mid-reign of Nebuchadnezzar onwards, however, there is a shift towards a more sustainable resource extraction through the creation of stable pockets of Babylonian presence in the periphery. This diachronic shift was meant to steady and organize the initial ad hoc Babylonian approach. These measures, however, did not prevail, and the chaotic years which followed the 43 years reign of Nebuchadnezzar illustrate the fragility of the relatively short-lived Babylonian imperial age.
Beneficial role of central anticholinergic agent in preventing the development of symptoms in mouse model of post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Kaur Harpreet , Kaur Ravjot , Jaggi Amteshwar Singh , Bali Anjana 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The present study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of trihexyphenidyl, a central anticholinergic drug, in preventing the post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a mouse model.

Methods
Mice were subjected to underwater trauma stress for 30 s on day 1 followed by three situational reminders (3rd, 7th and 14th day). Thereafter, the behavioral alterations including freezing behavior were noted on 21st day. The serum corticosterone levels were measured as a biochemical marker of trauma. Elevated plus maze test was done on day 1 and day 2 to assess the memory formation following exposure to trauma.

Results
Trauma and situational reminders were associated with a significant development of behavioral changes and freezing behavior on the 21st day. Moreover, there was also a significant decrease in the serum corticosterone levels. A single administration of trihexyphenidyl (2 and 5 mg/kg) significantly restored trauma associated-behavioral changes and serum corticosterone levels. Moreover, it significantly increased the transfer latency time on day 2 following stress exposure in comparison to normal mice suggesting the inhibition of memory formation during trauma exposure. Trihexyphenidyl also led to significant reduction in freezing behavior in response to situational reminders again suggesting the inhibition of formation of aversive fear memory.

Conclusion
The blockade of central muscarinic receptors may block the formation of aversive memory during the traumatic event, which may be manifested in form of decreased contextual fear response during situational reminders. Central anticholinergic agents may be potentially useful as prophylactic agents in preventing the development of PTSD symptoms.
Effect of dexamethasone on the expression of MMPs, adenosine A1 receptors and NFKB by human trabecular meshwork cells
Authors: Mohd Nasir Normie Aida , Agarwal Renu , Krasilnikova Anna , Sheikh Abdul Kadir Siti Hamimah , Iezhitsa Igor 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Steroid-induced ocular hypertension and glaucoma are associated with extracellular matrix remodeling at the trabecular meshwork (TM) of the eye due to reduced secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a family of enzymes regulating extracellular matrix proteolysis. Several biological functions of steroids are known to involve regulation of adenosine A1 receptors (A1AR) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFKB). Since MMPs expression in TM has been shown to be regulated by A1AR as well as transcription factors, it is likely that dexamethasone-induced changes in aqueous humor dynamics involve reduced MMP and A1AR expression and reduced NFKB activation. Hence, the current study investigated the association of dexamethasone-induced reduction in MMP secretion with reduced NFKB activation and A1AR expression.

Methods
Human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMCs) were characterized by estimating myocilin and alpha smooth muscle actin expression and then were treated with dexamethasone 100 nM for 2, 5 and 7 days. The MMP secretion was estimated in culture media using Western blot. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) and ELISA were done to investigate the effect of dexamethasone on NFKB phosphorylation. A1AR expression in HTMCs was determined using Western blot and ELISA.

Results
Dexamethasone caused a significant reduction in both MMP-2 and -9 expression compared to untreated group after five and seven days but not after two days of culture. Significantly reduced phosphorylated NFKB and A1AR protein levels were detected in dexamethasone treated compared to vehicle treated HTMCs after five days of culture.

Conclusions
Dexamethasone reduces MMP-2 and -9 secretion by HTMCs and this effect of dexamethasone is associated with reduced NFKB phosphorylation and A1AR expression.
The deal.II library, Version 9.2
Authors: Arndt Daniel , Bangerth Wolfgang , Blais Bruno , Clevenger Thomas C. , Fehling Marc , Grayver Alexander V. , Heister Timo , Heltai Luca , Kronbichler Martin , Maier Matthias , Munch Peter , Pelteret Jean-Paul , Rastak Reza , Tomas Ignacio , Turcksin Bruno , Wang Zhuoran , Wells David 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper provides an overview of the new features of the finite element library deal.II, version 9.2.
Influence of FTO (Fat mass and obesity) gene and parental obesity on Brazilian children and adolescents adiposity
Authors: Todendi Pâmela Ferreira , Martínez J. Alfredo , Reuter Cézane P. , Klinger Elisa I. , Fiegenbaum Marilu , Rosane de Moura Valim Andreia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Evaluate the influence of the genetic variant rs9939609 of the FTO gene on anthropometric characteristics and whether parental obesity is related to children and adolescents being overweight.

Methods
A total of 2,364 children and adolescents between 6 and 17 years old were genotyped and the lipid profile, plasma glucose level, and anthropometric characteristics were measured to assess adiposity.

Results
The AA genotype (risk) was associated with higher body mass index (BMI Z-score; p = 0.006), waist circumference (WC; p = 0.001), and triglycerides (p = 0.033). The association of the participants’ adiposity characteristics with the parents’ BMI and FTO genotypes showed an association of the BMI Z-score when either the mother or father was overweight or obese (p = 0.028 and p = 0.029). In the overweight or obese father/eutrophic mother, we also observe an association of FTO rs9939609 with WC (p = 0.039). The effect of these variables on the risk of obesity was also tested: overweight or obese mother (OR = 1.82, p = 0.041), overweight and obese parents (OR = 3.09, p < 0.0001), and FTO rs9939609 AA genotype (OR = 2.08, p = 0.0004) were associated. With regard to altered WC and high body fat percentage (BF%), either overweight or obese parents (OR = 2.39, p < 0.0001; OR = 1.92, p < 0.002) showed an association. The FTO rs9939609 AA genotype (OR = 1.99, p = 0.0002) was associated with altered WC.

Conclusions
The results show that parental weight also contributes to obesity and may interact with the FTO genetic make-up.
The relation of serum endocan and soluble endoglin levels with metabolic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Anık Ayşe , Çelik Elif , Çevik Özge , Ünüvar Tolga , Anık Ahmet 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Endothelial dysfunction is an early marker of vascular disease in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). In the present study, we aimed to investigate serum endocan and soluble endoglin (S-endoglin) levels, and their relation with metabolic control in children with T1DM, which was not previously assessed.

Methods
A total of 64 T1DM subjects and 64 healthy subjects were included in this study. Their anthropometric features, arterial blood pressures, pubertal status, insulin doses were recorded. Glycated hemoglobin, serum endocan and S-endoglin levels were measured and compared to each other.

Results
Serum endocan and S-endoglin levels were higher in children with T1DM than those of healthy group (p<0.01). Significant positive correlation was detected between both endocan and S-endoglin (r=0.579, p<0.001); and HbA1c and endocan (r=0.296, p=0.01). Compared to patients with good metabolic control, those with poorer metabolic control (HbA1c > 8%) had an older age, longer duration of diabetes, higher number of pubertal children. Also, patients with poorer metabolic control had higher endocan and S-endoglin levels than those of healthy group, but this finding did not reach statistical significance. There was no correlation between the endocan/S-endoglin levels and age, duration of diabetes and insulin dose.

Conclusion
Serum levels of endocan and S-endoglin which are novel biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction are high in children with T1DM. Elevated serum endocan and endoglin levels in children with T1DM without microvascular complications indicates endothelial damage in very early stages of the disease.
Clinical management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnancy: recommendations of WAPM-World Association of Perinatal Medicine
Authors: Api Oluş , Sen Cihat , Debska Marzena , Saccone Gabriele , D’Antonio Francesco , Volpe Nicola , Yayla Murat , Esin Sertac , Turan Sifa , Kurjak Asım , Chervenak Frank 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
These guidelines follow the mission of the World Association of Perinatal Medicine, which brings together groups and individuals throughout the world with the goal of improving outcomes of maternal, fetal and neonatal (perinatal) patients. Guidelines for auditing, evaluation, and clinical care in perinatal medicine enable physicians diagnose, treat and follow-up of COVID-19-exposed pregnant women. These guidelines are based on quality evidence in the peer review literature as well as the experience of perinatal expert throughout the world. Physicians are advised to apply these guidelines to the local realities which they face. We plan to update these guidelines as new evidence become available.
Gain-induced scattering anomalies of diffractive metasurfaces
Authors: Kolkowski Radoslaw , Koenderink A. Femius 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Photonic nanostructures with gain and loss have long been of interest in the context of diverse scattering anomalies and light-shaping phenomena. Here, we investigate the scattering coefficients of simple gain-doped diffractive metasurfaces, revealing pairs of scattering anomalies surrounded by phase vortices in frequency–momentum space. These result from an interplay between resonant gain, radiative loss, and interference effects in the vicinity of Rayleigh anomalies. We find similar vortices and singular points of giant amplification in angle-resolved reflectivity spectra of prism-coupled gain slabs. Our findings could be of interest for gain-induced wavefront shaping by all-dielectric metasurfaces, possibly employing gain coefficients as low as ∼50 cm−1.
Origin of dispersive line shapes in plasmon-enhanced stimulated Raman scattering microscopy
Authors: Zong Cheng , Cheng Ji-Xin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Plasmon-enhanced stimulated Raman scattering (PESRS) microscopy has been recently developed to reach single-molecule detection limit. Unlike conventional stimulated Raman spectra, dispersive-like vibrational line shapes were observed in PESRS. Here, we propose a theoretical model together with a phasor diagram to explain the observed dispersive-like line shapes reported in our previous study. We show that the local enhanced electromagnetic field induced by the plasmonic nanostructure interferes with the molecular dipole-induced field, resulting in the dispersive profiles of PESRS. The exact shape of the profile depends on the phase difference between the plasmonic field and the molecular dipole field. We compared plasmon-enhanced stimulated Raman loss (PESRL) and plasmon-enhanced stimulated Raman gain (PESRG) signals under the same pump and Stokes laser wavelength. The PESRL and PESRG signals exhibit similar signal magnitudes, whereas their spectral line shapes show reversed dispersive profiles, which is in an excellent agreement with our theoretical prediction. Meanwhile, we verify that the nonresonant background in PESRS mainly originates from the photothermal effect. These new insights help the proper use of PESRS for nanoscale bio-imaging and ultrasensitive detection.
The crystal structure of 8a-methoxy 8a-methoxy-1,5,8a,9a-tetrahydro-4H-8,9-dioxa-3a1λ4-aza-8aλ4, C18H14BNO3
Authors: Ding Siyi , Ma Qiang , Zhu Min , Miao Zongcheng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
C18H14BNO3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 9.2580(17) Å, b = 11.950(2) Å, c = 13.076(2) Å, β = 99.150(2)°, V = 1428.2(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0412, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1087, T = 100 K.
Measurement of serum creatinine levels with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: comparison with Jaffe and enzymatic methods
Authors: Yildirimel Mehmet , Atalar Mehmet Nuri , Abusoglu Sedat , Eryavuz Onmaz Duygu , Sivrikaya Abdullah , Abusoglu Gulsum , Unlu Ali 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Our aim was to validate a mass spectrometric creatinine method and compare this method with Jaffe and enzymatic serum creatinine methods.

Methods
90 samples were included. The levels were classified into three groups according to serum creatinine results as Group 1: Lower (n=30) (0.16–0.59 mg/dL), Group 2: Normal (n=30) (0.62–1.18 mg/dL) and Group 3: Higher (n=30) (1.33–3.88 mg/dL). Jaffe and enzymatic creatinine measurements were performed on the Beckman Coulter AU5800 autoanalyzer.

Results
Serum creatinine was linear from 0.039 up to 10 mg/dL, CV and bias values were ranged between 1.9–3.8% and 2–15%. Correlation coefficients were 0.990 (95% confidence interval 0.984–0.993), 0.992 (95% confidence interval 0.988–0.995) and 0.994 (95% confidence interval 0.991–0.996) for LC-MS/MS-Enzymatic, LC-MS/MS-Jaffe and Enzymatic-Jaffe, respectively.

Conclusions
Although, Jaffe method for serum creatinine measurement is still much more practical and cheap, so in use for routine practice, tandem mass spectrometric detection of serum creatinine can be used as an accurate and specific method for verification of discordant clinical results, existence of possible interferences and serum levels under 0.5 mg/dL creatinine results such as pediatric or pregnant populations.
Inhibition of apoptosis may lead to the development of bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma cancer cells
Authors: Öksüzoğlu Emine , Kozalak Gül 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Multiple myeloma (MM), a malignancy of plasma cells, is the second most prevalent hematological cancer. Bortezomib is the most effective chemotherapeutic drug used in treatment. However, drug-resistance prevents success of chemotherapy. One of the factors causing drug-resistance is dysfunction of apoptotic-pathways. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and p-53 genes involved in apoptosis and the development of bortezomib-resistance in MM cell lines.

Materials and methods
Multiple myeloma KMS20 (bortezomib-resistant) and KMS28 (bortezomib-sensitive) cell lines were used. 3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl] 1-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to determine IC50 values of bortezomib. RNAs were isolated from bortezomib-treated cell lines, followed by cDNA synthesis. Expression levels of the genes were analyzed by using q-Realtime-PCR.

Results
As a result, Bcl-2/Bax ratio was higher in KMS20 (resistant) cells than in KMS28 (sensitive) cells. Expression of caspase-3 decreased in KMS20-cells, whereas increased in KMS28-cells. The results indicate that apoptosis was suppressed in resistant cells.

Conclusion
These findings will enable us to understand the molecular mechanisms leading to drug-resistance in MM cells and to develop new methods to prevent the resistance. Consequently, preventing the development of bortezomib resistance by eliminating the factors which suppress apoptosis may be a new hope for MM treatment.