bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between character of portal blood flow and post-TIPS incidence of hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: El-Shazly Helmy , Abdel-Samiee Mohamed , Tharwa El-Sayed , Zaghla Hassan , Abass Shrief , El-Warraky Mohamed , Ibrahim El-Sayed 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is one of the serious complications observed post-TIPS operations in patients with different complications of portal hypertension such as refractory ascites, refractory hydrothorax, bleeding varices, and hepato-renal syndrome. Herein, we aimed to clarify predisposing factors for post-TIPS incidence of HE according to pre-TIPS hemodynamics.

Results
Fifty patients were enrolled in this study with different complications of portal hypertension; most of them have Child A and B scores. Patients were evaluated by ultrasound Doppler for the flow inside the portal vein and clinically recorded into two groups: group 1, 31 patients with hepatopetal flow; and group 2, 19 patients with hepatofugal flow. Then, TIPS was performed and patients were reassessed 1 month later to detect HE. Multiple variables such as age, gender, etiology of liver disease, and indication for TIPS had no significant differences. The incidence of HE post-TIPS was observed more at group 1 more than at group 2 (P = 0.02).

Conclusions
Post-TIPS incidence of HE was interestingly related to pre-TIPS flow in the portal vein (hepatopetal group more than hepatofugal group). Patients with hepatofugal flow in the portal vein are perfect candidate for TIPS than patients with hepatopetal flow in the portal vein. Patients with previous history of HE are contraindicated for TIPS except as a bridge for liver transplantation.
Efficacy of platelet-rich plasma injection in mild and moderate carpal tunnel syndrome: randomized control study
Authors: Gado Souzan E. , EL-Banna Hanaa S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral entrapment neuropathy. Typical symptoms and signs include numbness, tingling, pain, or burning sensation in the digits supplied by the median nerve and/or nocturnal paresthesia. Treatments of CTS range from conservative measures to surgical decompression of the median nerve.

Results
The PRP group showed a statistically significant reduction in the visual analog scale, Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire, for the severity and the functional capacity scores, and cross-sectional area of the median nerve compared to those of control group 3 months post-treatment (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Platelet-rich plasma injection in CTS relieves pain and symptom severity and improves functional status but not significantly improve the electrophysiological parameters.
Contacts with primary and secondary healthcare prior to suicide: case–control whole-population-based study using person-level linked routine data in Wales, UK, 2000–2017
Authors: John Ann , DelPozo-Banos Marcos , Gunnell David , Dennis Michael , Scourfield Jonathan , Ford David V. , Kapur Nav , Lloyd Keith 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundLongitudinal studies of patterns of healthcare contacts in those who die by suicide to identify those at risk are scarce.AimsTo examine type and timing of healthcare contacts in those who die by suicide.MethodA population-based electronic case–control study of all who died by suicide in Wales, 2001–2017, linking individuals’ electronic healthcare records from general practices, emergency departments and hospitals. We used conditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios, adjusted for deprivation. We performed a retrospective continuous longitudinal analysis comparing cases’ and controls’ contacts with health services.ResultsWe matched 5130 cases with 25 650 controls (5 per case). A representative cohort of 1721 cases (8605 controls) were eligible for the fully linked analysis. In the week before their death, 31.4% of cases and 15.6% of controls contacted health services. The last point of contact was most commonly associated with mental health and most often occurred in general practices. In the month before their death, 16.6 and 13.0% of cases had an emergency department contact and a hospital admission respectively, compared with 5.5 and 4.2% of controls. At any week in the year before their death, cases were more likely to contact healthcare services than controls. Self-harm, mental health and substance misuse contacts were strongly linked with suicide risk, more so when they occurred in emergency departments or as emergency admissions.ConclusionsHelp-seeking occurs in those at risk of suicide and escalates in the weeks before their death. There is an opportunity to identify and intervene through these contacts.
The barriers and facilitators to screening in emergency departments: a qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) protocol
Authors: Barry Louise , Galvin Rose , Murphy Tighe Sylvia , O'Connor Margaret , Ryan Damian , Meskell Pauline 
Published: August 2020

Background: Early detection of adults at risk of adverse outcomes through systematic screening in the emergency department (ED) can serve to identify high risk groups in need of targeted assessment and early intervention in the hospital or community setting. However, issues such as time pressures, inadequate resources, poor integration of tools into clinical workflow and lack of staff training are cited among the barriers to successfully implementing screening tools in the ED. The aim of this qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) is to synthesize evidence pertaining to the barriers and facilitators to implementing screening tools in the ED. Methods: A comprehensive literature search will be completed in the following databases Scopus, CINAHL, Medline, Embase, Pubmed and Cochrane library. Grey literature sources will also be searched. Qualitative or mixed methods studies that include qualitative data on the perspectives and experiences of stakeholders on the implementation of screening tools in the ED will be included. “Best fit” framework synthesis will be utilised to produce a context specific conceptual model to describe and explain how these barriers and facilitators may impact on implementation. An a priori framework of themes, formed from the existing evidence base, will inform the ultimate thematic analysis and assist in the organisation and interpretation of search results, ensuring the QES is built upon current findings. CASP will be utilised to quality appraise articles and GRADE CERQual will assess confidence in the QES findings. Conclusions: This synthesis will offer a new conceptual model for describing the perspectives, perceptions and experiences of barriers and facilitators experienced by patients and key stakeholders involved in the implementation of screening tools in the ED. The results of this review will inform practice and aid the development and implementation of change strategies to support the implementation of screening tools in the ED. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42020188712 05/07/20
Study protocol for the COvid-19 Toolbox for All IslaNd (CONTAIN) project: A cross-border analysis in Ireland to disentangle psychological, behavioural, media and governmental responses to COVID-19
Authors: Darker Catherine D. , O'Connell Nicola , Dempster Martin , Graham Christopher D. , O'Connor Cliodhna , Zgaga Lina , Nolan Ann , Tobin Katy , Brennan Niamh , Nicolson Gail , Burke Emma , Mather Luke , Crowley Philip , Scally Gabriel , Barry Joseph 
Published: August 2020

COVID-19 represents a serious challenge to governments and healthcare systems. In addition to testing/contact tracing, behavioural and social responses such as handwashing and social distancing or cocooning are effective tools for mitigating the spread of the disease. Psychological (e.g., risk perceptions, self-efficacy) and contextual factors (government, public health messaging, etc.) are likely to drive these behaviours. Collated real-time information of these indicators strengthens local, national and international public health advice and messaging. Further, understanding how well public health and government messages and measures are understood, communicated via (social) media and adhered to is vital. There are two governments and public health jurisdictions on the island of Ireland, the Republic of Ireland (ROI) and Northern Ireland (NI). This represents an opportunity to explore implications of differing measures and messaging across these two jurisdictions as they relate to COVID-19 on two similar populations. The expert research team are drawn from a range of disciplines in the two countries. This project has four nested studies: Assessment of key behavioural, social and psychological factors through a large, prospective representative telephone survey of individuals aged over-18 on a weekly basis over eight weeks (n=3072); and conduct qualitative focus groups over the same period.Interrogation of social media messaging and formal media responses in both jurisdictions to investigate the spread of (mis)information.Modelling data from Studies 1 and 2, plotting the psychosocial/behavioural and media messaging information with international, ROI and NI incidence and mortality data. Conducting an assessment of health policy transfer in an attempt to incorporate the most significant public health and political insights from each jurisdiction. The CONTAIN project will develop an evidence-based toolbox for targeting public health messaging and political leadership and will be created for use for the anticipated second wave of COVID-19, and subsequently for future epidemics/pandemics.
Deadlock Free Resource Management Technique for IoT-Based Post Disaster Recovery Systems
Authors: B Madhavi Devi , Agrawal Smriti , Rao R. Rajeshwara 
Published: August 2020

Disasters are inevitable, but their impact can be mitigated with careful planning. An IoT-based network with limited resources can be used in the post-disaster recovery. However, the resource of common interest creates contention among its contenders. This contention leads to tussle which in turn may lead to a deadlock. Some of the existing techniques prevent or avoid deadlock by performing stringent testing with significant testing overhead. While others propose recovery action after the deadlock is detected with significant overhead. A deadlock leads to a breakdown of the post-disaster recovery system while testing overhead implies delayed response either case can lead to catastrophic losses. This paper presents a new class of techniques that do not perform stringent testing before allocating the resources but still ensure that the system is deadlock-free and the overhead is also minimal. The proposed technique suggests reserving a portion of the resources to ensure no deadlock would occur. The correctness of the technique is proved in the form of theorems. The average turnaround time is approximately 18% lower for the proposed technique over Banker’s algorithm and also an optimal overhead of O(m).
1.4  W in-band pumped Dy3+-doped gain-switched fiber laser at 3.24  µm
Authors: Jobin Frédéric , Paradis Pascal , Fortin Vincent , Magnan-Saucier Sébastien , Bernier Martin , Vallée Réal 
Published: August 2020

In this Letter, we report, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration of an in-band pumped gain-switched

D
y

3
+

-doped fiber laser operating at 3.24 µm. The monolithic cavity bounded by two fiber Bragg gratings was pumped by a gain-switched

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r

3
+

-doped fiber system. It produced stable nanosecond pulses in a single-pulse regime on its entire operating range from 20 kHz to 120 kHz. A record average power of 1.43 W was achieved for a repetition rate of 120 kHz, and a record pulse energy of 19.2 µJ was achieved at 60 kHz. These results represent a significant improvement in

D
y

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-doped pulsed fiber laser performances and open the way to applications in the fields of remote sensing and material processing.
Resonant frequency doubling of phase-modulation-generated few-frequency fiber laser
Authors: Zeng Xin , Cui Shuzhen , Cheng Xin , Zhou Jiaqi , Qi Weiao , Feng Yan 
Published: August 2020

Resonant frequency doubling of periodically phase-modulated single-frequency fiber laser is investigated as a method for power scaling of visible fiber lasers. Sinusoidal phase modulation is applied to generate few-frequency lasers at 1064 nm in the proof of principle experiments. By adjusting the modulation frequency to match the free spectral range of a doubling cavity, a resonant enhancement condition can be achieved and a near 30 W 532 nm laser is generated with a maximum conversion efficiency above 80%. The indistinguishable conversion efficiencies between the single-frequency and few-frequency cases prove the feasibility of the approach. Interesting spectral evolvement of the phase-modulated laser in second-harmonic generation is analyzed theoretically and observed in the experiment.
DETERMINATION OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SEA BUCKTHORN OILS AND EXTRACTS FROM THE CON-TENT OF LIPID ANTIOXIDANTS VIA MICROCALORIMETRY
Authors: Sizova Nataliya Vital'yevna 
Published: August 2020

An alternative method for assessing the quality of sea buckthorn oils and extracts from the concentration of biologically active lipid substances exhibiting antioxidant activity is considered. The method of microcalorimetry is used to assess the content of antioxidants. The heat of a model cumene oxidation reaction in the presence of sea buckthorn oils and extracts obtained by various technologies is registered. As compared to other methods for obtaining sea buckthorn lipid fractions, the extraction of sea buckthorn fruits with sunflower oil is considered to be an unproductive method, since an increase in antioxidant activity compared with the initial oil is found to be moderate: from 1.56∙10-3 to 1.69∙10-3 mol/kg. Sea buckthorn oil obtained by pressing berries (antioxidant content 6.12∙10-3 mol/kg) and carbon dioxide extraction of sea buckthorn meal (antioxidant content 5.92∙10-3 mol/kg) are of the highest biological value among the objects under study. The maximum amount of antioxidants (5.5∙10-2 mol/kg) is determined in a dry extract of sea-buckthorn fruits enriched with triterpenic acids of the ursan and olean series. The method for assessing the quality of extracts used in the work allows choosing the most efficient technique for processing sea buckthorn fruits. The concentration of antioxidants consisting of a complex of tocopherols, carotenoids, triterpenoids, lipophilic acids, and other compounds is a good criterion of the quality and therapeutic value of oils.
RESEARCH OF WHEAT BRAN AND PRODUCTS OF THEIR PYROLYSIS FOR EVALUATION OF ENERGY USE POSSIBILITY
Authors: Astaf'yev Aleksandr Vladimirovich , Gaydabrus Mariya Andreyevna , Ibrayeva Kanipa Talgatovna , Tabakayev Roman Borisovich , Yazykov Nikolay Alekseyevich , Zavorin Aleksandr Sergeyevich 
Published: August 2020

The aim of the work is research thermal characteristics of bran and products of pyrolytic processing to evaluation the possibility of their use as a fuel.
As research methods, experiments were used to determine the yield of pyrolysis products and their characteristics, as well as differential thermal analysis. Thermotechnical characteristics of raw materials are determined by АСТМ Е1755-01, ISO 589:2008, ISO 5071-1:2013 and a bomb calorimeter ABK-1 (RET, Russia). The elemental composition of the raw materials is determined by the Vario Micro Cube analyzer (Elementar, Germany).
In result of the work is established that wheat bran has a high heat of combustion (16.6 MJ/kg) for biomass and a high yield of volatile (81%). The ash content of raw materials was 6.9%, herewith the ash residue has a sintered character at temperatures above 725 °C, which indicates the slag ability. The active stage of bran decomposition proceeds in a temperature range 225–500 °C, that established by means of the differential thermal analysis. The results of material balance determination showed that the carbon residue (43%) has a predominant yield from the raw materials, the share of pyrogenetic water is 29%, which is due to the exothermic reactions in the bran during heating, resin – 12%, gas – 16%. The CO2 and CO concentrations are dominated in composition of pyrolysis gas during a heating temperature to 350 °C, which is associated with the decomposition of the main components in the bran – cellulose and hemicellulose. The methane concentration begins to increase after 350 °C and reaches a maximum at 450 °C, the decomposition of thermally more resistant lignin was occured at these temperatures. The maximum gas heat of combustion (9.3 MJ/m3) was associated to the peak of methane concentration in gas.
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY FOR PRODUCTION OF DISSOLVING WOOD PULP
Authors: Khakimova Firdaves Kharisovna , Sinyayev Konstantin Andreyevich , Ruslan Eduardovich  
Published: August 2020

The work is devoted to the study of possibility and expediency of ECF bleaching for semi-chemical pulp with production of dissolving pulp, which is very popular in Russia and in the world. Production of dissolving wood pulp is important to replace cotton pulp obtained from imported raw materials.
The conditions of bleaching and alkali treatment of sulfite pulp are investigated. CA dissolving pulp grade P was produced. To this end, new environmentally reliable short bleaching and alkali treatment schemes of sulfite pulp have been developed using only two oxidizing reagents: hydrogen peroxide and sodium chlorite. The bleaching schemes are based on the ECF technology developed earlier by the authors.
Bleached dissolving pulp CA grade P was obtained according to all proposed schemes, including the shortened scheme Pa–E–Ch1–HAT–Ch2–A; pulp with increased yield was obtained due to good selectivity of the used chemicals under the developed conditions of delignification and bleaching, which contributes to the economy of wood. The possibility of obtaining pulp for viscose according to the above scheme is also shown.
The results of studies have shown the possibility of obtaining wood pulp CA grade P from these raw materials by TCF technology with the use for delignification and bleaching (after alkali treatment) of hydrogen peroxide in an acidic and traditional alkaline medium, respectively.
THE EFFICIENCY OF PAENIBACILLUS BACTERIA CULTIVATION ON NUTRIENT MEDIUM FROM ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSATE OF RICE HUSKS
Authors: Ha Thi Dung , Kanarskiy Al'bert Vladimirovich , Kanarskaya Zosia Aĺbiertovna , Kruchina-Bogdanov Igor' Vadimovich , Shcherbakov Andrey Vladimirovich , Shcherbakova Yelena Nikolayevna 
Published: August 2020

The full use of secondary raw materials from processing plants by biotechnological methods is economically feasible and promising for the biotechnological industry. The purpose of this study is developing technology for the utilization of rice husk to obtain nutrient medium for the cultivation of bacteria Paenibacillus, promising for the production of agricultural biological products, in particular, biological fertilizers and feed additives. The processing of rice husk by using chemical and biotechnological methods showed that optimized condition for the separation of fiber and mineral substances from rice husk is treating rice husk with sodium hydroxide with concentration 2.5% at 120 °C for 20 minutes. The possibility of obtaining simple sugars by enzymatic treatment of rice husk fiber with the enzyme preparation Accellerase 1500 for 24 hours at 55 °C was observed. Under these conditions, the enzymatic hydrolysate of rice husks contains 89% of reducing sugars of absolute dry matter, as well as amino acids and organic acids. It has been proved that the enzymatic hydrolysate of rice husk can be used as the main substrate for the cultivation of strains 560, 563, 567, 568, 572, 574, 17-2 bacteria P. mucilaginosus and 17-6 bacteria P. salinicaeni. Screening of bacteria Paenibacillus by specific growth rate, generation time, biomass yield, and also by the activity of extracellular enzymes, it was found that strain 560, which is recommended for further studies for developing technology of bioproducts for agricultural purposes.
Anxiety Buffer Disruption: Self-Evaluation, Death Anxiety, and Stressor Appraisals Among Low and High Posttraumatic Stress Symptom Samples
Authors: Vail Kenneth E. , Reed David E. , Goncy Elizabeth A. , Cornelius Talea , Edmondson Donald 
Published: August 2020

Objective: Research driven by terror management theory suggests sociocultural anxiety-buffer systems typically protect against existential anxiety, whereas anxiety buffer disruption theory suggests traumatic experiences may disrupt that process. Method: Following posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptom screening (n = 4097), individuals with low (n = 149) and high (n = 120) PTS engaged in either negative or positive self-evaluations, then reported death anxiety and appraised life's stressors as negative/threatening or positive/challenging. Results: When low PTS participants contemplated their worst (vs. best) selves, they experienced moderately heightened death anxiety yet appraised life's stressors as more positive/challenging than harmful/threatening, reflecting effective existential anxiety buffers. However, high PTS participants reported high death anxiety in both the best-self and worst-self conditions—indicating anxiety buffer disruption—and the worst-self (vs. best self) prompt increased their appraisal of life's stresses as a harmful threat and decreased appraisal as positive/challenging opportunities for growth and well-being. Discussion: Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
Grp94 Regulates the Recruitment of Aneural AChR Clusters for the Assembly of Postsynaptic Specializations by Modulating ADF/Cofilin Activity and Turnover
Authors: Chan Zora Chui-Kuen , Deng Linyan , Lee Chi Wai 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTemperature is a physiological factor that affects neuronal growth and synaptic homeostasis at the invertebrate neuromuscular junctions (NMJs); however, whether temperature stress could also regulate the structure and function of the vertebrate NMJs remains unclear. In this study, we useXenopus laevisprimary cultures as a vertebrate model system for investigating the involvement of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) family of stress proteins in NMJ development. First, cold temperature treatment or HSP90 inhibition attenuates the formation of aneural acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clusters, but increases their stability after they are formed, in cultured muscles. HSP90 inhibition specifically affects the stability of aneural AChR clusters and their associated intracellular scaffolding protein rapsyn, instead of causing a global change in cell metabolism and protein expression inXenopusmuscle cultures. Upon synaptogenic stimulation, a specific HSP90 family member, glucose-regulated protein 94 (Grp94), modulates the phosphorylation and dynamic turnover of actin depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin at aneural AChR clusters, leading to the recruitment of AChR molecules from aneural clusters to the assembly of agrin-induced postsynaptic specializations. Finally, postsynaptic Grp94 knock-down significantly inhibits nerve-induced AChR clustering and postsynaptic activity in nerve-muscle co-cultures as demonstrated by live-cell imaging and electrophysiological recording, respectively. Collectively, this study suggests that temperature-dependent alteration in Grp94 expression and activity inhibits the assembly of postsynaptic specializations through modulating ADF/cofilin phosphorylation and activity at aneural AChR clusters, which prevents AChR molecules from being recruited to the postsynaptic sites via actin-dependent vesicular trafficking, at developing vertebrate NMJs.