bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical guidelines for developing digital health solutions to increase equity in dementia care in the UK
Authors: Wolff Beth , Nielsen Simon , Kiwanuka Achilles 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundDigital Healthcare Solutions (DHS) are transforming healthcare by improving patients' experiences, safety and quality of care. However, despite all the proposed and observed advantages of DHS, a growing body of research suggests that these DHS are not equally accessible to all. This research aimed to assess whether equity frameworks for digital health solutions can be used to guide the development of digital health solutions to increase access to care for dementia patients in the UK and, thereafter, develop practical guidelines to guide the design of equitable DHS products to address this growing issue.MethodsA scoping review across four databases and grey literature was done to identify equity frameworks and design principles for DHS. The equity frameworks and design principles were analyzed to make recommendations on increasing equity in the product.Results34 publications and reports met the inclusion criteria. Four equity frameworks were analyzed and one was selected. Equitable product development guidelines were created based on patient-centered design principles.ConclusionAlthough DHS can increase inequity in healthcare, concrete methods and practical guidelines can minimize this if DHS developers design for maximum equity and closely collaborate with healthcare providers and end-users in product development. Future research could use these guidelines to test usability for developers and investigate other equitable approaches like institutional barriers to adoption.
A nomogram model to predict the high risk of lower live birth probability in young women undergoing the first IVF-ET cycle: a retrospective study
Authors: Liu Chang , Pan Peipei , Li Beihai , Teng Yili 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveTo build a prediction nomogram for early prediction of live birth probabilities according to number of oocytes retrieved in women ≤ 35 years of age.MethodsA prediction model was built including 9265 infertile women ≤ 35 years of age accepting their first ovum pick-up cycle from January 2018 to December 2022. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was performed to identify independent predictors and establish a nomogram to predict reproductive outcomes. Both discrimination and calibration were assessed by bootstrapping with 1000 resamples.ResultsThe critical threshold for the number of retrieved oocytes associated with cumulative live birth was determined as 10.5 (AUC: 0.824). Consequently, a nomogram was constructed to predict the likelihood of obtaining fewer than 10 oocytes at one oocyte retrieval cycle. There were five indicators significantly related to the risk of obtaining less than 10 oocytes at one oocyte retrieval cycle, including age, antral follicle count (AFC), anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and FSH to luteinizing hormone ratio. These factors were subsequently used to develop a nomogram prediction model. The model’s performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), concordance index (C-index), and calibration curves, which indicated fair predictive ability and good calibration.ConclusionWe developed and validated a nomogram based on five ovarian reserve indicators to predict the risk of retrieving fewer than 10 oocytes at one oocyte retrieval cycle in women ≤ 35 years of age. The model demonstrated good discrimination and calibration, indicating its reliability for clinical application. This nomogram offers a practical and accurate tool for early identification of young women with potentially decreased ovarian reserve, enabling timely intervention and personalized management strategies.
Analysis of the risk of death and its associated risk factors in Chinese patients with young-onset type 2 diabetes
Authors: Wu Dan , Yu Yang , Zheng Haoran , Xiang Ling , Wang Xiaoqing , Zhang Yong , Sun Zhongming , Miao Dandan , Zhou Jinyi , Pan Enchun , Hu Wen 
Published: December 2024

ObjectivesTo examine the association between the age at onset of diabetes and the risk of all-cause mortality in a population of individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to identify risk factors associated with all-cause mortality in young-onset T2DM (YOD) patients in China.MethodsThis study utilized a cohort of 9759 patients who were diagnosed with T2DM and who were registered and enrolled in the National Basic Public Health Service Management Program in Qinghe District (now Qingjiangpu District) and Huai’an District, Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province, China. The patients were observed from November 2013 to July 2014, and all-cause mortality data were obtained by comprehensive matching with the Huai’an City Resident Mortality Database as of December 31, 2019. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to compute the hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for all-cause mortality risk during the follow-up period among patients with varying disease onset ages. Additionally, subgroup analyses were conducted based on sex, age, lifestyle factors, and baseline clinical parameters.ResultsA total of 7572 patients with T2DM, including 2874 men and 4698 women aged 57.9 ± 8.0 years, were ultimately included in the study. 1) At baseline, a greater proportion of YOD patients were engaged in high-intensity activities, had a longer sleep duration, had a longer duration of T2DM, had a family history of T2DM, had microvascular complications (kidney disease, retinopathy, neuropathy, diabetic foot, etc.), and received glucose-lowering treatment. Moreover, patients in the YOD group also had significantly greater baseline HbA1c, FBG, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) than did those in the onset at 41-60 years (MD) group and the onset at 61-75 years (SD) group. 2) During the six-year follow-up period, a total of 1057 deaths were documented. After adjusting for confounding factors and utilizing SD as the reference group, the HRs for deaths occurring in the YOD and MD groups were 1.383 (95% CI: 0.717-2.667) and 1.006 (95% CI: 0.763-1.326), respectively. Moreover, the risk of death in the YOD group remained highest in the sensitivity analysis that excluded patients with coronary heart disease at baseline, stroke patients, and patients who died within the first three years of follow-up. 3) Sleep duration was identified as an independent risk factor for mortality in the YOD group, with a notable increase in the risk of all-cause mortality when sleep duration exceeded 9 hours per day.ConclusionThe risk of all-cause mortality in YOD patients was 1.38 times greater than that in MD and SD patients, and the longer the sleep duration was, the greater the risk of death, especially when sleep duration exceeded 9 hours per day.
Efficacy and safety of wet cupping in the treatment of neurodermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhai Yan , Hui You-yi , Jiang Ze-fei , Ding Lin , Cheng Jie , Xing Tang , Zhai Han , Zhang Hong 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundNeurodermatitis is a chronic skin condition characterized by intense itching and skin thickening due to neurological dysfunction. Its persistent nature poses a challenge to effective treatment, significantly impacting patients’ quality of life. Wet cupping therapy is increasingly being used in clinics to manage neurodermatitis, so it is imperative to assess the evidence regarding its effectiveness and safety.ObjectiveThis review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of wet cupping therapy in patients with neurodermatitis.Methods and analysisRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating wet cupping for neurodermatitis were identified through searches of eight electronic databases and three clinical trial registration platforms from inception to March 2024, using predefined search terms. Included studies underwent quality appraisal using the Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias Assessment tool. The quality of evidence was assessed independently by two reviewers using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation System (GRADE). Meta-analysis and publication bias assessment were conducted using ReviewManager 5.4 and STATA 17.0 software, respectively.ResultsThis review encompassed 19 studies, comprising 6 types of comparisons and involving 1,505 participants. The findings revealed no significant difference in the total effective rate between wet cupping alone and high-potency steroids (n = 269, RR = 1.13, 95% CI [0.90, 1.41], p = 0.29, I2 = 83%). However, wet cupping combined with medication or moxibustion exhibited superior efficacy compared to medication alone (n = 272, RR = 1.28, 95% CI [1.16, 1.41], p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 43%) and (n = 534, RR = 1.22, 95% CI [1.14, 1.30], p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 0%). Wet cupping groups demonstrated lower recurrence rates (n = 266, RR = 0.31, 95% CI [0.16, 0.60], p = 0.0005, I2 = 0%) and a reduced incidence of adverse events (n = 673, RR = 0.44, 95% CI [0.21, 0.90], p = 0.02, I2 = 36%). Furthermore, wet cupping alone or combined with moxibustion effectively lowered the levels of inflammatory factors compared to medication: TNF-α (n = 120, MD = −6.99, 95% CI [−8.13, −5.85], p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 0%), IL-1β (n = 120, MD = −5.28, 95% CI [−6.91, −3.65], p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 48%), and IL-6 (n = 180, MD = −8.61, 95% CI [−13.24, −3.99], p = 0.0003, I2 = 81%).ConclusionThe efficacy of wet cupping therapy is comparable to that of high-potency steroids. Its combined use with medication or moxibustion appears to enhance effectiveness, reduce recurrence rates, and improve safety. However, due to the overall low grade of evidence for the identified outcomes and poor methodological quality, caution is advised when interpreting and applying these findings in clinical practice.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier: CRD42024524398.
Distinct brain systems are involved in subjective minute estimation with eyes open or closed: EEG source analysis study
Authors: Proshina Ekaterina , Mitiureva Dina , Sysoeva Olga 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionTime perception is a fundamental cognitive function, the brain mechanisms of which are not fully understood. Recent electroencephalography (EEG) studies have shown that neural oscillations in specific frequency bands may play a role in this process. In the current study, we sought to investigate how neurophysiological activity of cortical structures relates to subjective time estimations.MethodsThe study sample included 41 healthy volunteers, who were to produce subjective minutes with eyes closed and open by pressing the response button marking the beginning and end of this time interval. High-density EEG was recorded in parallel and the activity of cortical sources within the theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands was analyzed with standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography.ResultsThe results revealed that activity of several cortical structures within the beta-band correlated with the duration of subjective minutes across participants, which highlights the role of the beta-rhythm in supra-second time perception. The sets of involved structures were different depending on eyes being open or closed, while the produced duration did not differ being around 58 s in both conditions. Individual minute correlated with beta power in the left precuneus, left superior parietal lobule, and right superior frontal gyrus (SFG) during eyes-closed sessions, and with that in the caudal anterior cingulate cortex, cuneus, posterior cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, and right lingual gyrus during the eyes-open condition. Noteworthy, some structures showed tendencies toward opposite correlations between conditions.DiscussionTaken together, our findings bridge the gap between functional magnetic resonance imaging and EEG time perception studies and suggest reliance on different aspects of subjective experience when judging about time with eyes open or closed.
Exogenous ketone bodies and the ketogenic diet as a treatment option for neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Omori Naomi Elyse , Malys Mantas Kazimieras , Woo Geoffrey , Mansor Latt 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundDespite being the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders, there are comparatively few treatment options available to patients presenting with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The ketogenic diet has historically shown therapeutic utility in treating refractory epilepsy, an adjacent neuropsychiatric condition, in children, adolescents and adults. The following review explores preclinical and clinical literature focusing on the therapeutic potential of the ketogenic diet and exogenous ketone body supplementation in treating common neurodevelopmental disorders.MethodA narrative review of extant literature was conducted across the domains of perinatal nutrition, ASD, and ADHD. Preclinical and clinical studies focusing on the effect of either the ketogenic diet or exogenous ketone supplementation as a treatment option were included for review.Results14 preclinical and 10 clinical studies were included for discussion. Data supporting the use of a ketogenic intervention for neurodevelopmental disorders is mixed. High heterogeneity in study design was noted for preclinical models, ketogenic intervention, and outcomes measured.ConclusionStudies evaluating ketogenic interventions for neurodevelopmental disorders remain in their infancy in terms of both the depth and scope of available literature. The safety and tolerability of ketogenic diets and supplements means there would be value in exploring their effectiveness further in clinical studies.
Microglial adenosine A2A receptor in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus regulates pain sensation and analgesic effects independent of opioid and cannabinoid receptors
Authors: Cao Yiping , Wu Zhou , Zhang Moruo , Ji Ran , Zhang Hongxing , Song Lingzhen 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe paraventricular thalamic nucleus (PVT) is recognized for its critical role in pain regulation, yet the precise molecular mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated an essential role of the microglial adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) in the PVT in regulating pain sensation and non-opioid analgesia.Method and resultsSpecifically, A2AR was predominantly expressed in ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1)-positive microglia cells within the PVT, with expression levels remaining unchanged in mice experiencing persistent inflammatory pain induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA). Pharmacological activation of local PVT A2AR with its agonist CGS21680 induced significantly decreased 50% paw withdrawal threshold (50%PWTs) and paw withdrawal latency (PWLs), as measured by the Von Frey test and Hargreaves test in adult mice. Conversely, intra-PVT infusion of A2AR antagonist SCH58261 increased 50%PWTs and PWLs in mice; a robust analgesic effect was also observed in CFA mice with inflammatory pain. Importantly, these analgesic effects of A2AR antagonist SCH58261 were not affected by adjunctive intraperitoneal administration of naloxone or rimonabant, inhibitors of opioid receptor and cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R), respectively.DiscussionOverall, these pharmacological experiments underscore an essential role of microglia-expressed A2AR with in PVT in pain sensation while revealing a novel analgesic action independent of opioid and cannabinoids receptors. Thus, these findings highlight PVT microglial adenosine A2A receptor as a promising target for novel approaches to pain modulation and future analgesic development.
Pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and tissue distribution of MRTX1133 in rats using UHPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Lu Wei , Zeng Rong , Pan Meng , Zhou Yuan , Tang Huijuan , Shen Wanying , Tang Yijun , Lei Pan 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionMRTX1133 is a selective and reversible small molecule inhibitor of KRAS (G12D), which significantly delays the progression of solid tumors. However, no study on the absorption, distribution, and excretion of MRTX1133.MethodsA fast ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry method was developed for the determination of MRTX1133 in rat plasma, tissue homogenate, and urine. The method applied to the pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, tissue distribution, and excretion of MRTX1133 after oral administration (25 mg/kg) and intravenous administration (5 mg/kg).ResultsThe calibration curve for MRTX1133 in plasma and other homogenates was linear, with r2 &gt; 0.99. The intra- and inter-day accuracies were ranged from 85% to 115% and precision were within ± 10%. The matrix effect and recovery were within ± 15 %. The Cmax of MRTX1133 was 129.90 ± 25.23 ng/mL at 45 min after oral administration. The plasma half-life (t1/2) of MRTX1133 was 1.12 ± 0.46 h after oral administration and 2.88 ± 1.08 after intravenous administration. Its bioavailability was 2.92%. Furthermore, MRTX1133 was widely distributed in all the main organs, including liver, kidney, lung, spleen, heart, pancreas, and intestine. MRTX1133 was still detectable in liver, kidney, lung, spleen, heart, and pancreas after 24 h. The excretion ratio of prototype MRTX1133 through kidney was 22.59% ± 3.22% after 24 h.ConclusionsMRTX1133 was quickly absorbed, and widely distributed in the main organs. This study provided a reference for the quantitative determination of MTRX1133 in preclinical or clinical trials.
Severe liver injury induced by minocycline in hepatitis B patient: a Case Report
Authors: Wang Ran , Li Yun , Xia Xue 
Published: December 2024

Physical liver injury is an acute and potentially serious adverse event that may result in acute liver failure or even death. Diagnosis is often challenging. Minocycline, a semi-synthetic second-generation tetracycline, has high fat solubility and good tissue permeability. It is widely used for acne treatment. This report presents a 32-year-old female hepatitis B carrier who took minocycline (50 mg twice daily) for acne. After 1 week, she experienced fatigue, jaundice, abdominal bloating, and discomfort. Upon admission, laboratory tests revealed significantly elevated transaminase levels, ascites on abdominal ultrasonography, positive hepatitis B markers, impaired coagulation function, and a final diagnosis of subacute liver failure with chronic hepatitis B. Following discontinuation of minocycline and initiation of liver enzyme protection therapy, the patient’s liver and coagulation functions improved after undergoing artificial liver therapy combined with CRRT. This case highlights a rare occurrence of minocycline-induced liver injury in a hepatitis B carrier, emphasizing that acute liver injury is a potential and serious adverse effect of minocycline, particularly in patients with pre-existing liver disease.
Words before pictures: the role of language in biasing visual attention
Authors: Calignano Giulia , Lorenzoni Anna , Semeraro Giulia , Navarrete Eduardo 
Published: December 2024

BackgroundThe present study investigated whether semantic processing of word and object primes can bias visual attention using top-down influences, even within an exogenous cueing framework. We hypothesized that real words and familiar objects would more effectively bias attentional engagement and target detection than pseudowords or pseudo-objects, as they can trigger prior knowledge to influence attention orienting and target detection.MethodsTo examine this, we conducted two web-based eye-tracking experiments that ensured participants maintained central fixation on the screen during remote data collection. In Experiment 1, participants viewed a central prime—either a real word or pseudo-word—followed by a spatial cue directing them to a target on the left or right, which they located by pressing a key. Experiment 2 presented participants with real objects or pseudo-objects as primes, with primes and targets that either matched or did not match in identity. Importantly, primes in both experiments conveyed no information about target location.ResultsResults from Experiment 1 indicated that real word primes were associated with faster target detection than pseudo-words. In Experiment 2, participants detected targets more quickly when primed with real objects and when prime-target identity matched. Comparisons across both experiments suggest an automatic influence of semantic knowledge on target detection and spatial attention.DiscussionThese findings indicate that words can contribute to attentional capture, potentially through top-down processes, even within an exogenous cueing paradigm in which semantic processing is task-irrelevant.
Psychological well-being of rural left-behind women in Northwest China and its associated factors: a regional, population-based study
Authors: Niu Fang , Wang Xiang 
Published: December 2024

PurposeGrowing awareness has highlighted the challenging living condition faced by rural left-behind women (RLW), yet their psychological well-being has not been fully investigated. This study aims to investigate the psychological well-being of RLW in Northwest China and exploring its associated factors.Samples and methodsA total of 697 RLW from five provincial regions were enrolled. Sociodemographic characteristics were collected using a set of researcher-designed questionnaires. Depression, anxiety, and feeling of security were assessed using the Zung’s self-rating depression scale (SDS), Zung’s self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and security questionnaire (SQ), respectively.ResultsThe prevalences of depression and anxiety among RLW were 35.7 and 37.6%, respectively, and feelings of security was relatively low in RLW, with a mean SQ score of 50.16 ± 11.37. Chi-square tests and multiple linear regression analyses indicated that labor intensity, physical health conditions, marital satisfaction and stability, relationships with children, frequency of husband coming home, left-behind duration, domestic violence, and sexual harassment after husbands left were risk factors of psychological well-being of RLW.ConclusionThese findings revealed that the psychological well-being of RLW in Northwest China is not promising, which should therefore, be given special attention. It is essential to prioritize the improvement of the psychological well-being for RLW by providing accessible and targeted supports and interventions tailored to cope with their challenges.