bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Reflection of “Indonesian Maritime Fulcrum” Initiative: Maritime History and Geopolitical Changes
Authors: Ali Ismail , Sulistiyono Singgih Tri 
Published: June 2020

The announcement of a maritime economic initiative known as the 21st Century Maritime Silk Route (MSR) by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013 created a new paradigm shift in the geo-economy and geo-politics of countries in the Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean. With this initiative, China aims to rebuild maritime lines in the seas and oceans where China once was regarded as one of the world's leading powers. In contrast to countries in Southeast Asia, which still hold divergent views on the Chinese initiative, Indonesia sees it as an opportunity to develop regions that have long been marginalized from development. It is in line with the shift in Indonesia’s global economic-political agenda in the 21st century through a doctrine known as "Indonesia as a Maritime Fulcrum," which was initiated by “Jokowi” Widodo and Jusuf Kalla in 2014. Taking into account the importance of this idea in Indonesia's geo-economic and geo-political agenda, this study is to reflect on Indonesia’s history as a global maritime and trade power before it was undermined by the Dutch occupation. In addition, using historical approach, this study aims to see and evaluate how the idea of "Indonesia as a Maritime Fulcrum" can restore Indonesia’s reputation as a major maritime power in the Southeast Asian archipelago.
Yield and quality of two sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris var. altissima Döll) cultivars are influenced by foliar application of salicylic acid, irrigation timing, and planting density
Authors: ABDELAAL Khaled A.A. , RASHED Sahar H. , HOSSAIN Akbar , EL Sabagh Ayman 
Published: June 2020

Two field experiments were conducted to evaluate the time of foliar application of 100 ppm salicylic acid (SA), two irrigation (IR) timings, three levels of spacing (SP) hill-1 with different plant density on growth, yield and quality characters of two sugar beet cultivars (‘Samba’ and ‘Farida’). The results revealed that the foliar application of 100 ppm SA at 30 days after planting (DAP) and 14 days after the first application significantly influenced top fresh mass and root biomass of sugar beet plants. Conversely, the increasing period between planting and first irrigation scheduling led to significant differences in fresh mass, sugar yield, and sucrose % as well as purity % of sugar beet. Plants density with 60 × 20 cm spacing hill-1 was found to be better than the other two spacings for major characters, particularly root fresh mass, and Total soluble solids and purity %. Inversely, spacing at 60 × 15 cm, between hills gave the maximum levels of top fresh mass, root yield and sugar yield in the first season. The interaction effect between spacing hill-1 at 60 × 20 cm and 100 ppm SA applied at 30 DAP gave the maximum levels of increment for most of the studied characters, particularly for cultivar ‘Farida’.
Evaluación de Lactobacillus plantarum microencapsulado y su viabilidad bajo condiciones gastrointestinales simuladas e inhibición frente a Escherichia coli O157:H7
Authors: Jurado Gámez H. , Sinsajoa Tepud M. , Narváez Rodríguez M. 
Published: June 2020

Se evaluó la viabilidad de Lactobacillus plantarum microencapsulado, su efecto de inhibición sobre Escherichia coli O157:H7 y crecimiento en condiciones gastrointestinales simuladas. Se utilizaron a L. plantarum ATCC 8014® y E. coli ATCC 43888®. Se realizó pruebas de Inhibición de L. plantarum sobre E. coli y test de susceptibilidad a CTX (30 µg), P (10 IU), GN (10 µg) DCX (1 µg), CIP (5 µg) y KF (30 µg) para ambas cepas. En la bacteria láctica se determinó la cinética de fermentación, y la presencia de péptidos y aminoácidos por HPLC en ambas cepas. Se evaluó el crecimiento a 37°C y 45°C de L. plantarum y se valoró la viabilidad de su microencapsulación mediante condiciones gastrointestinales (Bilis, Sales biliares y pH ácido), al igual que la supervivencia y estabilidad de preparado y sus características físicas y morfológicas. Los resultados indicaron que L. plantarum inhibió a E. coli y el microencapsulado resultados positivos con una viabilidad del 83,3%, eficiencia 88,4%, Humedad 7,79%, actividad de agua 0.4, humectabilidad de 1 min: 56 s, solubilidad del 96%, morfología esférica y tamaño entre 15,18 a 35,68 µm. Finalmente, se observó un alto potencial de L. plantarum como agente inhibidor para E. coli O157:H7.
Analysing the relationship between unemployment benefits and unemployment duration
Authors: Rotar Laura Južnik , Krsnik Sabina 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between unemployment benefits and durations of unemployment with respect to different approaches in social policy. The hypothesis of the research is that unemployment benefits negatively affect the duration of unemployment. An analysis of the relationship concerning unemployment benefits and duration of unemployment within the European Union Member States (EU-28) between 2006–2018 using panel data regression approach was conducted. The sample was split into sub-samples in order to get more homogeneous groups of EU-28 countries. Estimation results suggest that the more generous a social policy, the more prevalent the negative relationship between unemployment duration and unemployment benefits. Our results also revealed that the better the economic situation, the less pressure is put on unemployment benefits and on the duration of unemployment.
Analisis Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) Dalam Penentuan Jalur Evakuasi, Tempat Evakuasi Sementara (TES) Beserta Kapasitasnya di Kota Pariaman
Authors: Purbani Dini , - Ardiansyah , M.P Harris , Salim Hadiwijaya Lesmana , Ramdhan Muhammad , - Yulius , Prihantono Joko , Dewi Lestari Cendikia 
Published: June 2020

Kota Pariaman tahun 2009 mengalami gempabumi dua kali dengan kekuatan gempa (Mw) 7,9 dan 6,2 (USGS, 2009). Dampak yang ditimbulkan terjadi korban jiwa meninggal 46 jiwa, luka berat 64 jiwa dan luka ringan 363 jiwa (BPK - RI 2010).Upaya yang dilakukan untuk meminimalisasi korban jiwa, pemerintah daerah membuat rute evakuasi menuju TES di lokasi yang aman. Lokasi penelitian berada di Desa Naras Satu, Desa Ampalu, Desa Kampung Baru, Desa Karan Aur, Desa Taluak, Desa Marabau dan Desa Pasir Sunur. Upaya yang dilakukan agar meminimalisasi korban bencana dengan mengevakuasi warga menuju TES dengan jarak tempuh 270 m yang dapat dicapai dalam waktu 6 menit. Proses analisis SIG menggunakan jaringan jalan (network analysis). Parameter yang digunakan adalah jaringan jalan dan sebaran rumah penduduk.Dari Hasil analisis SIG dapat diketahui usulan TES berjumlah 39 unit yang berada di Desa Naras Satu sejumlah 8 unit, Desa Ampalu 5 unit, Desa Kampung Baru 11 unit, Desa Karan Aur 7 unit, Desa Taluak 1 unit, Desa Marabau 4 unit dan Desa Pasir Sunur 3 unit. Kelayakan TES yang dapat menampung warga antara lain Kantor lama Walikota Pariaman Karan Aur, Mesjid Pasir Sunur, SDN 5 Marabau, SMPN2 Kampung Baru dan SDN 15 Ampalu.
An Open-Label Single-Arm Phase II Study of Treatment with Neoadjuvant S-1 Plus Cisplatin for Clinical Stage III Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus
Authors: Kanda Mitsuro , Koike Masahiko , Iwata Naoki , Shimizu Dai , Tanaka Chie , Hattori Norifumi , Hayashi Masamichi , Yamada Suguru , Omae Kenji , Nakayama Goro , Kodera Yasuhiro 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Trial Information
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Lessons Learned
Two courses of neoadjuvant therapy using S-1 plus cisplatin for clinical stage III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma did not achieve expected response rate according to endoscopic evaluation of primary tumors. Subsequent esophagectomy was safely performed.

Background
In Japan, esophagectomy after two courses of 5-fluorouracil plus cisplatin is regarded a standard strategy for treating stage II or III esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, 5-fluorouracil plus cisplatin does not benefit cohorts with clinical stage III ESCC, suggesting the need for a more effective regimen.

Methods
A single-arm, open-label phase II trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of two courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy using S-1 plus cisplatin (NAC-SP) for clinical stage III ESCC. The primary endpoint was overall response rate as defined by endoscopic evaluation of primary tumors.

Results
We enrolled 26 patients. The completion rate for the two courses of NAC-SP was 61.5%. Grade 3 or higher adverse events were experienced by 38.4% of patients. The treatment response rate according to endoscopic findings, acquired before the second course, was 34.6% and below the expected level (55.0%). The morbidity rate of patients who underwent radical subtotal esophagectomy (96.2%) was 32.0%. Repeat surgery was unnecessary, and surgery-associated deaths did not occur. The 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 84.6% and 92.2%, respectively.

Conclusion
We demonstrate safety of NAC-SP, but not its efficacy, for patients with clinical stage III ESCC. Subsequent esophagectomy was safely performed.
Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental e Questões Epistemológicas: desafios e perspectivas
Authors: Feiteiro Cavalari Rosa Maria , Schilling Trein Eunice 
Published: June 2020

Entendemos por desafios a crise das muitas dimensões da vida que estamos atravessando neste momento. Ela não é somente de ordem empírica, senão que se expressa, também, na nossa percepção teórica da realidade. Se há insegurança há, igualmente, referências sobre as quais podemos buscar apoios. Em meio à perplexidade de uma desordem que beira o caos, cumprimos com nossas tarefas na intenção de abrir novas perspectivas. Nesse sentido é que trazemos, aqui, os resultados das discussões ocorridas no âmbito do Grupo de Discussão de Pesquisa (GDP) Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental e questões epistemológicas, durante a realização do X Encontro de Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental (X EPEA), realizado no período de 01 a 04 de setembro de 2019, Aracaju-SE. Assim, neste artigo, além de apresentar uma breve síntese dos onze trabalhos inscritos no GDP, cinco pesquisas teóricas e seis pesquisas empíricas buscamos, ainda, apresentar os principais desafios enfrentados pelo GDP ao longo das três últimas edições do EPEA (VII, VIII e IX EPEAs), a partir dos artigos publicados na Revista de Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental (REVPEA), nos números dedicados aos Encontros de Pesquisa em Educação Ambiental (EPEA). Além dos desafios, de natureza teórico-epistemológica e de natureza institucional, procuramos apontar, também, perspectivas de continuidade dos trabalhos do GDP.
Faktor Risiko Kejadian Atonia Uteri
Authors: Lestari Mega , Mulawardhana Pungky , Utomo Budi 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Postpartum Hemorrhage is one of the main cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worlwide. Every 4 minutes one woman is estimated dead by this case. The cause of postpartum hemorrhage is known as ‘4 T’s’ (tone, tissue, trauma, and thrombin). Common aetiology of hemorrhage postpartum is uterine atony. Uterine atony can be caused by several risk factors . The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between advanced maternal age, grande multiparity, uterine overdistension, labour augmented, and prolonged labour as risk factors with the incidence of uterine atony.Methods: This study was an analysis of observational study with case-control design conducted at a tertiary hospital in Surabaya. The population was all medical record of postpartum women who had hemorrhage in 2016-2018. The case group was postpartum woman who had hemorrhage due to uterine atony and the control group due to other causes. The sample size of the case group was 37 respondents and the control group was 35 respondents, they were obtained through purposive sampling. The independent variables in this study was maternal age, parity, uterine overdistension, labour augmented, and prolonged labour; the dependent variable was uterine atony. Univariate analysis was used to describe respondent’s characteristic and bivariate analysis was used to determine the correlation between risk factors and the incidence of uterine atony. Fisher Exact was used to analyze the data with α= 0,05.Results: Fisher Exact showed there was correlation between uterine overdistension and uterine atony (p value=0,036; OR= 4,423; 95% CI 1,023-27,267) on the other hand it showed no correlation between maternal age, parity, augmented labour, and prolonged labour with uterine atony (p value >0,05).Conclusion: Increased awareness of pre-conceptual care and early detection of risk factors are needed to reduce the risk factors of the incidence of uterine atony especially in uterine overdistension.
ANALYSIS OF SULFUR VAPOR EXPOSURE TO THE NUMBER OF MICRONUCLEUS AND ORAL BUCCAL EPITHELIAL MORPHOLOGY
Authors: Amalina Rizki , Rohmania Aulia , Feranisa Anggun 
Published: June 2020

Background: The sulfur vapor consists of SO2 and CO2 which are genotoxins that may cause the damage of DNA to the micronucleus in buccal epithelial cells. Micronucleus is a mass like a nucleus, measuring one-third of the nucleus. DNA damage can also be seen from changes in the morphology of epithelial cells. Objective: This study aimed to identify the effect of sulfur vapor exposure on the number of micronucleus and morphology epithelial cells in the oral cavity on the sulfur miner. Methods: The method of this study was analytic observational with a cross-sectional approach. The total sample of this study was 24 respondents divided into 2 groups, each group contained 12 respondents. Exfoliated buccal cells were collected by scrapping the buccal mucosa. The specimens stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin. Nucleus and cytoplasmic area were examined using image J 1.40 Results: The result showed the average number of buccal mucosa micronucleus on coal miners higher (35,50) than controls (11,58). The result of Independent-measures T-test obtained significant different on the number of micronucleus between sulfur miner and controls (p=0,000). The result of Independent-measures T-test on the nuclear area and cytoplasmic area between sulfur miner and controls obtained insignificant different (p=0,379 dan p=0,616). Conclusion: Based on this study can be concluded that sulfur vapor exposure affected on the number of micronucleus on sulfur miners, but did not influence morphology of epithelial cells.
Changes to Contraceptive Method Use at Title X Clinics Following Delaware Contraceptive Access Now, 2008–2017
Authors: Boudreaux Michel , Xie Liyang , Choi Yoon Sun , Roby Dylan Habeeb , Rendall Michael S. 
Published: June 2020

Objectives. To measure changes in the contraceptive methods used by Title X clients after implementation of Delaware Contraceptive Access Now, a public–private initiative that aims to increase access to contraceptives, particularly long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs). Methods. Using administrative data from the 2008–2017 Family Planning Annual Reports and a difference-in-differences design, we compared changes in contraceptive method use among adult female Title X family planning clients in Delaware with changes in a set of comparison states. We considered permanent methods, LARCs, moderately effective methods, less effective methods, and no method use. Results. Results suggest a 3.2-percentage-point increase in LARC use relative to changes in other states (a 40% increase from baseline). We were unable to make definitive conclusions about other contraceptive method types. Conclusions. Delaware Contraceptive Access Now increased LARC use among Title X clients. Our results have implications for states considering comprehensive family planning initiatives.
Work Requirements and Medicaid Disenrollment in Arkansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, and Texas, 2018
Authors: Chen Lucy , Sommers Benjamin D. 
Published: June 2020

Objectives. To identify risk factors for Medicaid disenrollment after the implementation of Arkansas’s work requirements. Methods. Using a 2018 telephone survey of 1208 low-income adults aged 30 to 49 years in Arkansas (expansion state with work requirements implemented in June 2018), Kentucky (expansion state with proposed work requirements blocked by courts), Louisiana (expansion state without work requirements), and Texas (nonexpansion state), we assessed Medicaid disenrollment rates among the age group targeted by Arkansas’s policy. Results. The Medicaid disenrollment rate was highest in Texas (12.8%), followed by Arkansas (10.5%), Kentucky (5.8%), and Louisiana (2.8%). Over half of those who disenrolled in Texas and Arkansas became uninsured, compared with less than a quarter in Kentucky and Louisiana. In multivariate models, Arkansas had significantly higher disenrollment compared with the 3 comparison states; men and non-Hispanic Whites experienced higher disenrollment than women and racial minorities. In Arkansas, having a chronic condition was associated with higher disenrollment. Conclusions. As states debate work requirements and Medicaid reforms, our findings provide insights for policymakers about which populations may be most vulnerable to losing Medicaid coverage.
Aktivitas In Vitro Penurun Gula Darah dari Ekstrak Buah Parijoto (Medinilla speciosa B.)
Authors: Vifta Rissa , Wilantika NFN , Advistasari Yustisia Dian 
Published: June 2020

Diabetes mellitus is one of the highest causes of death in the world, with symptoms of increased blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia). One of the efforts made as a treatment and prevention of DM is through complementary therapy using natural ingredients. Parijoto fruit (<em>Medinilla speciosa</em>) contains flavonoid compounds potential to reduce glucose levels. The study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of ethanol extracts and its fractions of parijoto fruit (EEBP) to decrease glucose levels in vitro. The study was conducted at the Ngudi Waluyo University Laboratory in April to August 2018. Identification and screening of flavonoid compounds from ethanol extracts and its fractions of parijoto fruit were performed qualitatively and by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). <em>In vitro</em> testing for antidiabetic activity of EEBP was performed with non-enzymatic reaction by Nelson Somogyi method (ethanol extract and its fractions). Experiment was arranged in a randomized block design, with 12 treatments and three replications. The concentrations of parijoto fruit tested were 10 ppm, 20 ppm, 30 ppm, 40 ppm, 50 ppm, and 60 ppm. The results of qualitative identification and TLC showed that the ethanol extract and its fraction of EEBP contained flavonoid compounds. At a concentration of 30 ppm, EEBP was able to reduce glucose levels by 42.43 %, while the ethanol fraction decreased glucose levels by 83.38 %. The results showed parijoto fruit ethanol extract and its fractions were sources of antidiabetic. Hence its pharmacologically effect was necessary to be further studied.
Karakteristasi Bakteri Asal Lahan Gambut Jambi dan Potensinya Sebagai Pupuk Hayati
Authors: Pratiwi Etty , Satwika Taruna D. , Akhdiya Alina , Agus Fahmuddin 
Published: June 2020

<p><strong>Abstak</strong>. Penggunaan pupuk hayati di Indonesia menunjukkan tren yang semakin meningkat. Pupuk hayati mulai banyak diaplikasikan di lahan optimal maupun di lahan suboptimal, termasuk lahan rawa dan lahan gambut. Tanah gambut memiliki banyak kendala, diantaranya adalah pH yang sangat rendah, dan kandungan serta ketersediaan unsur hara yang sangat rendah. Selain itu lahan gambut pada musim penghujan akan terjadi penggenangan air, sedangkan pada musim kemarau akan terjadi kekeringan. Untuk mendapatkan mikroba yang mampu bertahan di lingkungan ekstrim seperti ini kami isolasi mikroba <em>indigenous</em> dari lahan gambut di Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi. Daya adaptasi dan daya kompetisi mikroba di lapangan, merupakan dasar pemilihan mikroba sebagai pupuk hayati. Hasil pengujian karakterisasi dan fungsional isolat-isolat bakteri asal tanah gambut perkebunan kelapa sawit menunjukkan isolat <em>Bacillus cereus </em>1, <em>Bacillus soli</em> 2, <em>Mycobacterium cubense</em> 8, <em>Rhodococcus equi</em> 15, <em>Bacillus pumilus</em> 21 dan <em>Nocardia jiangxiensis</em> 24 memiliki potensi sebagai pupuk hayati pemacu tumbuh tanaman. Bakteri-bakteri ini tidak bersifat patogen terhadap tanaman dan hewan mamalia, mampu memproduksi fitohormon IAA, mampu melarutkan P dan memfiksasi nitrogen.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrac. </strong>The use of biofertilizers in Indonesia shows an increasing trend. Biofertilizer is widely applied in optimal or suboptimal land, including swamp lands and peatlands. Peat soils has many problems, including very low pH, and very low concentration and availability of nutrients. In addition, peatlands are prone to seasonal waterlogging and drought. To be able to utilize microbes that survive the extreme environments, we isolated indigenous microbes from peatland in Tanjung Jabung Timur, Jambi. The adaptability and survival of the microbes in the field conditions are the basis for choosing microbes as biofertilizer. Results of the characterization and functional isolates of bacteria from peat soils under oil palm plantations at the site show that isolates of <em>Bacillus cereus</em> 1, <em>Bacillus soli</em> 2, <em>Mycobacterium cubense</em> 8, <em>Rhodococcus equi</em> 15, <em>Bacillus pumilus</em> 21 and <em>Nocardia jiangxiensis</em> 24 had the potential as biofertilizers. These bacteria were not pathogenic to plants and mammals, could produce IAA phytohormones, and were able to solubilize P and fix nitrogen.</p>
Genome-wide identification and comparison of differentially expressed profiles of miRNAs and lncRNAs with associated ceRNA networks in the gonads of Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis
Authors: Ma Xiao , Cen Shuangshuang , Wang Luming , Zhang Chao , Wu Limin , Tian Xue , Wu Qisheng , Li Xuejun , Wang Xiaoqing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The gonad is the major factor affecting animal reproduction. The regulatory mechanism of the expression of protein-coding genes involved in reproduction still remains to be elucidated. Increasing evidence has shown that ncRNAs play key regulatory roles in gene expression in many life processes. The roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in reproduction have been investigated in some species. However, the regulatory patterns of miRNA and lncRNA in the sex biased expression of protein coding genes remains to be elucidated. In this study, we performed an integrated analysis of miRNA, messenger RNA (mRNA), and lncRNA expression profiles to explore their regulatory patterns in the female ovary and male testis of Pelodiscus sinensis.Results: We identified 10 446 mature miRNAs, 20 414 mRNAs and 28 500 lncRNAs in the ovaries and testes, and 633 miRNAs, 11 319 mRNAs, and 10 495 lncRNAs showed differential expression. A total of 2 814 target genes were identified for miRNAs. The predicted target genes of these differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and lncRNAs included abundant genes related to reproductive regulation. Furthermore, we found that 189 DEmiRNAs and 5 408 DElncRNAs showed sex-specific expression. Of these, 3 DEmiRNAs and 917 DElncRNAs were testis-specific, and 186 DEmiRNAs and 4 491 DElncRNAs were ovary-specific. We further constructed complete endogenous lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks using bioinformatics, including 103 DEmiRNAs, 636 DEmRNAs, and 1 622 DElncRNAs. The target genes for the differentially expressed miRNAs and lncRNAs included abundant genes involved in gonadal development, including Wt1, Creb3l2, Gata4, Wnt2, Nr5a1, Hsd17, Igf2r, H2afz, Lin52, Trim71, Zar1, and Jazf1.Conclusions: In animals, miRNA and lncRNA as master regulators regulate reproductive processes by controlling the expression of mRNAs. Considering their importance, the identified miRNAs, lncRNAs, and their targets in P. sinensis might be useful for studying the molecular processes involved in sexual reproduction and genome editing to produce higher quality aquaculture animals. A thorough understanding of ncRNA-based cellular regulatory networks will aid in the improvement of P. sinensis reproductive traits for aquaculture.