bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher circulatory HMGB1 accelerates postoperative acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease in lung cancer
Authors: Yamaguchi Kakuhiro , Nakao Satoshi , Iwamoto Hiroshi , Kagimoto Atsushi , Handa Yoshinori , Sakamoto Shinjiro , Horimasu Yasushi , Masuda Takeshi , Mimae Takahiro , Miyamoto Shintaro , Nakashima Taku , Tsutani Yasuhiro , Fujitaka Kazunori , Miyata Yoshihiro , Hamada Hironobu , Okada Morihito , Hattori Noboru 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Postoperative acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (AE-ILD) is a fatal complication in patients with lung cancer and ILD, and it needs to be overcome to improve the long-term outcomes of these patients. However, the molecular target for predicting and preventing this fatal complication remains unclear. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), which is reported to increase due to surgical procedure, activates a pro-inflammatory response associated with acute lung injury. This study aimed to elucidate the association between postoperative AE-ILD and circulatory HMGB1, especially focusing on its predictive potential. Methods: This study included 152 patients with lung cancer and ILD, who underwent radical surgery between January 2011 and August 2019. We measured HMGB1 serum levels, and investigated the factors affecting HMGB1 and the predictive potential of HMGB1 for postoperative AE-ILD.Results: Postoperative AE-ILD was developed in 17 (11.2%) of 152 patients with lung cancer and ILD. HMGB1 serum levels in patients with AE-ILD were significantly higher than those in patients without (median [IQR]: 5.39 [3.29-11.70] ng/mL vs 3.55 [2.07-5.62] ng/mL). Logistic regression analysis revealed that HMGB1 higher levels and longer operative time was independently associated with a higher incidence of postoperative AE-ILD. Furthermore, when HMGB1 and operative time were incorporated into previously reported risk scoring system, the concordance index was 0.876 which is statistically higher than 0.715 calculated by reported scoring system only.Conclusions: Baseline levels of serum HMGB1 could be a promising biomarker for predicting postoperative AE-ILD, especially when combined with operative time. HMGB1 may be a molecular target of this fatal complication to be overcome.
How to Easily Visualize the Superior Vena Cava in Adults? Introducing Three Transthoracic Echocardiographic Road Maps: Techniques, Dimensions and Doppler Spectral Signals
Authors: Sharifkazemi Mohammadbagher , Rezaian Gholamreza 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background:Although much is known about the technical aspects of inferior vena cava visualization, it is much less about its counterpart: the superior vena cava (SVC). The aims of this study therefore, were to describe in detail the different possible transthoracic SVC visualization techniques in adults and to provide a series of normal values for its dimensions and Doppler signals. Methods:The feasibility of SVC visualization by TTE was initially established in 40 patients with or without central venous catheters, or pacemaker wires. Subsequently, the newly found SVC visualization road maps were applied in 30 healthy adults to assess SVC dimensions, their respiratory variations and Doppler signal parameters. Dimensions were measured 3-5mm proximal (above) the RA-SVC junction at the end of both cardiac and respiratory cycles but the peak Doppler velocities were only measured at the end-held expiration. To clarify the SVC color flow, the Nyquist limit was set at 25-40 m/s. Results: The three new SVC visualization road maps included:a) Modified apical 5-champber view (MA5CV), b) Modified parasternal short axis view of great vessels (MSAVGV) and c) Modified subcostal view (MSCV).The 30 normal subjects included 17 males and 13females with an age range of 24-45 years, weight of 46-77 kg, height of 158-178cm and body mass index (BMI) of 15.73-27.24 kg/m2. The largest end systolic SVC dimensions at the end of the expiration and inspiration ranged from 7.7 to 14.0 mm (10.74 ± 1.7 mm) and 8.0 -14.0 mm (10.86 ± 1.53 mm) respectively, and the highest S wave velocity ranged from 0.49 - 0.65 m/s (0.57 ± 0.03 m/s).Conclusion: The challenge of SVC visualization by TTE is over now and it is hoped that it could become a part of routine echocardiographic assessments by everybody and everywhere.
Adjuvant Weekly Paclitaxel and Trastuzumab for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer without Risk Factors of Cardiotoxicity. Possibility of Omitting Cardiac Monitoring during Treatment.
Authors: Mizuno Toshiro , Tsunoda Akira , Tono Yasutaka , Oda Hiroyasu , Ishihara Mikiya , Saito Kanako , Yamashita Yoshiki 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Although weekly paclitaxel and trastuzumab is generally considered to be less cardiotoxic than an anthracycline regimen, low baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of ≤55%, hypertension, and high body mass index (BMI) have been reported as risk factors for cardiotoxicity. Without these risk factors, the incidence of cardiotoxicity is expected to be minimal. Method: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 86 patients with HER2-positive, node-negative breast cancer between February 2012 and December 2018. Patients were selected for this study according to the following criteria: (1) patients were administered weekly treatment with paclitaxel and trastuzumab for 12 weeks, followed by trastuzumab; (2) baseline LVEF was 60% or more; (3) echocardiography was performed before, during, and at the end of treatment; (4) no hypertension or well-controlled with medication; and (5) BMI was < 30. We investigated the occurrence of cardiotoxicity. A decline in LVEF was defined as a decrease of 15% or more from baseline, or < 50% decrease in LVEF.Results: A total of 40 patients fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The median age was 55.5 (35 to 72) and median baseline LVEF was 68% (60 to 77). The median number of echocardiograms was five (3-7). Out of 40, trastuzumab were completed in 39. Among the 39 patients, no symptomatic congestive heart failure or asymptomatic LVEF decline was observed. Conclusion: In our study, no cardiotoxicity was observed in paclitaxel and trastuzumab. Assessment of cardiac function during treatment may be simplified in patients without risk factors for cardiotoxicity.
Investigation on Structural and Optical Properties of Sodium ion (Na+) Doped Layered Perovskite Sr2CeO4
Authors: Yadav Dharmendra , Nirala Gurudeo , Kumar Upendra , Upadhyay Shail 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Powder and ceramic of a few compositions of system Sr2Ce1-xNaxO4 (x=0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.10) were prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction method. The phase and structure of the synthesized samples were investigated by x-ray diffraction technique. The analysis of XRD data indicated that in Sr2CeO4, substitution sites of Na1+ ions depend on the doping concentration. Na1+ ions occupy Ce-sites when concentration is x = 0.02. With increasing doping amount (x=0.04, 0.06 and 0.10) Na1+ substituted into both Sr and Ce site. Purity of the synthesized samples was reconfirmed using Raman and Fourier Transformation Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy techniques. The optical band gap was recorded by UV-Vis absorption spectra; optical band gap energy of the samples lies between 2.91 - 3.10 eV. Room temperature photoluminescence (PL) measurements show that there two excitation peaks located around 290 nm and 350 nm. For Na doped samples, intensity of higher wavelength peak is more than the lower wavelength peak making them suitable candidate for UV excitation source. All the Na1+ doped samples display an intense blue emission at 472 nm similar to undoped Sr2CeO4. But the intensity of emission for the doped samples is weak as compared to undoped sample. Scanning electron microscopic studies of fractured surfaces of the sintered pellets have indicated that dopant Na has played a significant role in the grain growth. Grain size and morphology of Na doped samples are different from undoped Sr2CeO4.
Ginsenoside Rc Protects Neurons From Oxygen-glucose Deprivation Injuries and Its Mechanistic Investigation via a Network Pharmacology-based Analysis
Authors: Huang Mingmin , Chen Shaoru , Zheng Kening , Liu Qu , Li Kening , Xian Minghua , Wang Shumei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Ginsenoside Rc (Rc) is one of the major active components of Panax ginseng Meyer. Studies have shown that Rc has remarkable effect in protection of nervous system. However, the potential molecular mechanism of its neuroprotective effect remains unclear. Our study aim to investigate the neuroprotective effect of Rc on neuron damage and explore the potential mechanism on its regulation of TNF-α and DRP-1.Methods: Oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion (OGD/R) cell neuron damage modle was induced by Na2S2O4 and EBSS solution. After preventive administration, cell viability and cell toxicity were detected to evaluate the putative neuroprotective properties of Rc. Network pharmacology and molecular docking simulation studies were performed to predict the potential targets and pharmacological mechanism. Furthermore, the prediction was validated via western blot assay and specific antagonist. Results: In OGD/R injured cells, Rc significantly improved cell viability (Rc middle dose vs. OGD/R model: 67.3±2.33% vs. 55.7±1.14%, P<0.05) and obviously decreased cell toxicity (Rc middle dose vs. OGD/R model: 147±39.7% vs. 232±29.4%, P<0.01). Analysis of network pharmacology and molecular docking indicated that the key targets of Rc are TNF-α and DRP-1. Subsequently molecular biological studies showed a significant increase on expression of TNF-α and DRP-1 in model group. Conversely, administration of Rc reversed the alteration significantly and presented a dose dependence. By adding antagonist, we validated that Rc had an indirect regulation on TNF-α and DRP-1. Conclusions: Rc possess protective properties against OGD-induced neuron damage by regulating the expression of TNF-α and DRP-1.
Engineering on Anatomy to Avoid the Necessity of Invasive Imaging in Medical 3D Printing: Examples from Pediatric Cardiology
Authors: Hopfner Carina , Jakob Andre , Tengler Anja Ingrid , Grab Maximilian , Thierfelder Nikolaus , Brunner Barbara , Thierij Alisa , Haas Nikolaus 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: 3D printed models of pediatric hearts with congenital heart disease (CHD) have been proven helpful in simulation training of diagnostic and interventional catheterization. However, anatomically accurate 3D printed models are traditionally based on real 2D scans of patients requiring specific imaging techniques, i.e. computer tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In small children both imaging technologies often require deep sedation and involve radiation (CT) being of special impact in this population. Hence, cardiac image data acquired by these invasive technologies is rare in pediatrics where minimization of radiation and sedation is key. Therefore, an alternative solution to create variant 3D printed heart models for teaching and hands-on training has been established. Methods: In this study different methods utilizing image processing and computer aided design (software: Mimics Innovation Suite, Materialise NV) have been established to overcome this shortage and to allow unlimited variations of 3D heart models based on a single patient scan. Patient-specific models based on a CT or MRI image stack were modified by performing virtual engineering on the original shape and structure of the heart. Thereby, 3D hearts including several pathological findings were created and CHD training models were adapted to training level and aims of hands-on classes, particularly for invasive procedures such as interventional cardiology. Results: By changing the shape and structure of the 3D anatomy various training models were created of which four examples are presented in this paper: 1. a heart model with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) augmented by perimembranous ventricular septal defect (pmVSD) and muscular ventricular septal defect (mVSD), 2. a model of solely the right heart with pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) augmented by the left heart and myocardium, 3. a series of heart models with atrial septal defect (ASD) showing the hemodynamic effect on the right atrial and ventricular wall, 4. a model of solely the left heart with isthmus stenosis augmented with an engineered aortic valve. All presented models have been successfully utilized in teaching or hands-on training courses. Conclusions: It has been demonstrated that structure and shape of 3D heart models can be modified virtually by engineering on anatomy. Therefore, anatomical variants can be created without the necessity for real, patient-specific CT or MRI imaging. Further investigations are required to evaluate the resemblance of reality of non-patient-specific 3D models and to prove the effectiveness of training using these designed heart models.
Diagnostic Performance of Cortactin in the Diagnosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Lili , Song Hongguang , Yang Shiming 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Cortactin gene was up-regulated in various human cancers. However, the role of cortactin in the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remained unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of cortactin in OSCC patients.Methods: The relative mRNA expression levels of cortactin in OSCC tissues and adjacent normal oral mucosal tissues were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Chi-square test was used to analyze the correlation between cortactin expression and clinical characteristics of patients. The diagnostic value of cortactin in OSCC patients was estimated via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results: Compared with the normal controls, cortactin mRNA expression was significantly increased in OSCC tissues (P<0.001). Importantly, notable correlations were found between cortactin expression and tumor size (P=0.040), TNM stage (P=0.018), lymph node metastasis (P=0.013) as well as recurrence (P=0.031). Furthermore, the result of ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.867 with a sensitivity of 76.2% and a specificity of 86.9%. It revealed that the diagnostic value of cortactin was high in OSCC patients.Conclusions: Our data reveal that cortactin expression is up-regulated in OSCC and correlated with tumor progression. Cortactin may be a potential bio-marker for early diagnosis of OSCC.
The Microalgae Aurantiochytrium Sp. Increases Neurogenesis and Improves Spatial Learning and Memory in Senescence-Accelerated Prone 8 Mice
Authors: Sasaki Kazunori , Geribaldi-Doldan Noelia , Wu Qingqing , Davies Julie , Szele Francis G. , Isoda Hiroko 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

Much attention has recently focused on nutraceuticals which are widely used to promote health. In particular, nutraceuticals with minimal side effects have been developed for preventing or treating neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The present study was conducted to investigate the potential effect on neural development and function of the microalgae Aurantiochytrium sp. as a nutraceutical.
Methods

To test the neuroprotection of ethanol extract of Aurantiochytrium (EEA) and n-Hex layer of EEA (HEEA), amyloid-beta (Aβ)-stimulated SH-SY5Y cells was used for in vitro AD model. We then assessed the enhancement of neurogenesis of EEA and HEEA using murine ex vivo neurospheres. We also administered EEA or HEEA to SAMP8 mice, a non-transgenic strain with accelerated aging and Alzheimer’s-like memory loss for evaluation of spatial learning and memory using MWM test. Finally, we performed immunohistochemical analysis using mice brain fed with EEA for assessment of neurogenesis.
Results

Pre-treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with EEA or the squalene-rich fraction of EEA, n-Hex layer (HEEA), ameliorated Aβ-induced cytotoxicity. Interestingly, only EEA-treated cells showed a significant increase in cell metabolism and intracellular ATP production. Moreover, EEA treatment significantly increased the number of neurospheres, whilst HEEA treatment significantly increased the number of β-III-tubulin + young neurons and GFAP + astrocytes. SAMP8 mice were given 50 mg/kg EEA or HEEA orally for 30 days. Learning ability was assessed in the Morris water maze test. EEA and HEEA decreased escape latency time in SAMP8 mice, indicating improved memory. To detect activated stem cells and newborn neurons, we administered BrdU for 9 days and measured BrdU + cells in the dentate gyrus, a neurogenic stem cell niche of the hippocampus. In SAMP8 mice, EEA rapidly and significantly increased the number of BrdU + GFAP + stem cells as well as their progeny, BrdU + NeuN + mature neurons.
Conclusions

Our data in aggregate indicate that EEA and its constituents could be developed into a nutraceutical for promoting brain health and function against some age-related diseases including neurodegenerative desease, particularly AD.
Acute traumatic brain injury presentations and the use of head CT scans in the Emergency Department
Authors: Rogan Alice , Patel Vimal , Birdling Jane , Simmonds Harnah , Lockett Jessica , McQuade David , Larsen Peter 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: The use of CT head scanning for traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a vital diagnostic tool, guided by risk stratification tools. This study aims to review the use of CT head scans for TBI in two Australasian Emergency Departments (ED) in New Zealand.Methods: Retrospective observational design of patients referred for head CT from ED to exclude a significant intracranial injury between 1st September 2018 and 31st August 2019. Clinical data were collected regarding presenting patterns, identification of injuries on CT scan and adherence to CT guidelines.Results: Out of 425 cases reviewed, a clinically significant injury was identified in 41 (10%) patients. Patients who reported loss (32% vs 20% p < 0.05) or possible loss of consciousness (34% vs 22% p < 0.05) and had GCS < 13 (17% vs 8%, p < 0.05) or focal neurology (10% vs 3%, p < 0.05) were more likely to have a significantly intracranial injury on CT. Interestingly, 17 (41%) patients with significant injury were GCS 15 with no focal neurology. NICE guidelines were adhered to in 364 (86%) patients. In the 14% of cases that did not meet guideline criteria, all CT head scans were negative.Conclusion: CT head scans are a valuable tool in TBI and guidelines successfully identify those with significant intracranial injuries. However, the rate of significant injury for the total population requiring head CT remains low, with over 90% of head CTs in the population normal, despite high guideline compliance perhaps identifying a role for novel objective tests in ED guidelines internationally.
Why does the COVID-19 outbreak in Mexico seem to be slower? Some hypotheses for testing
Authors: Elías-Gutiérrez Manuel , Mendoza-Carranza Manuel , Takahashi-Aguilar Umon , Valdez-Moreno Martha , Prado-Bernal Jenny Alexandra , Mora-Loya Claudia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Aim: The current paper aims to present and discuss some hypothesis about why in Mexico and in particular the Mexico City the epidemy of COVID-19 seems to be slower than other countries. Subject and methods: We compared daily UVI maximum and the reported COVID cases in Mexico City, New York, and Los Angeles and performed an ADONIS permutation test to look for significant differences between case numbers and its relationship with the UV index. We performed a quantile regression to explain the relation between UVI and daily COVID cases. We also investigated and analyzed other possible factors contributing to this slowdown because UVI cannot be the only explanation. Results: Although Mexican authorities have applied one of the smaller numbers of tests in the world, it is possible to identify a slowdown in Mexico's rate of infections. We found a negative and significant difference between the UV and registered cases among the three cities analyzed. However, this slowdown cannot be explained by a single factor. It is possible to hypothesize about the confluence of other factors as Vitamin D levels in Mexican population, lack of central air conditioning and the ventilation in houses and metropolitan transportation systems. Also, the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination could be part of the explanation of this phenomenon. Conclusions: Single parameter models as solar irradiation can explain partially the complicated spread of COVID-19 in different parts of the world. However, it is necessary to extend our scientific understanding of environmental effects, city infrastructure, population age, vaccination schemes, socioeconomic conditions, social and political behavior on COVID-19 epidemic dynamics.
An effect of anti-stress feed additives on broiler productivity and meat	quality
Authors: Miftakhutdinova E. A. , Tikhonov S. L. , Tikhonova N. V. , Timakova R. T. 
Published: August 2020

The paper presents the study on an impact of feed additives Peak anti-stress and SPAO (SPAO-complex) with different lithium content on meat productivity and meat quality of broiler chickens. The feed additives exert a pronounced metabolic effect, have adaptogen properties and allow forming a mechanism that facilitates compensation of the expenditure of the body, which significantly increases upon stress development. It was established that the average daily gain of the broiler chickens increased by 1.8% and 4.3% on the background of using SPAO-complex and Peak anti-stress, respectively, compared to the broiler chickens that did not receive the feed additives in the daily diet. It was shown that addition of feed additives with lithium into a diet led to an improvement of the indices of broiler meat productivity and meat quality: a level of yield of the carcasses of the 1st category increased up to 56.2–79.1%, high organoleptic indices of meat were ensured, the protein content in white and red chicken meat increased and functional-technological properties of minced meat improved. The use of feed additives ensured profitability of industrial poultry production; the highest indices of profitability were established upon introduction of the feed additive Peak anti-stress into a diet — up to 8.67 rubles per each ruble of expenses. The obtained results of the study should be taken into consideration in the technological processes when raising broiler chickens.
The electrohydraulic method for meat tenderization and curing
Authors: Ermoshin N. A. , Romanchikov S. A. , Nikolyuk O. I. 
Published: August 2020

The paper examines the problem of meat raw material curing in production of whole-piece meat products. The intensification methods for the process of penetration and distribution of curing ingredients throughout a product are described. Design of the equipment for meat tenderization URM-1 and URMP-1 is proposed, which ensure electrohydraulic tenderization of the structure of whole-piece (1500–2000 g) and portioned (80–120 g) meat semi-finished products and accelerate a process of brine distribution, which will allow reducing product strength characteristics by 51–53 kg/cm, reducing raw material losses, increasing labor productivity by 8–11%, shortening the duration of the technological process and reducing energy expenditure upon heat treatment by 18–20%. As a result of the experimental investigations, it was established that an electrohydraulic impact (frequency of pulses v = 0.5–1.0 pulse/sec., number of pulses from 150 to 200) can be used for tenderization of muscle connective tissue and tendons both of chilled (core temperature of 0 °C to 4 °C) and subfrozen (–2 °C to 3 °C) meat.
New Mineral Names*,†
Authors: Belakovskiy Dmitriy I. , Cámara Fernando , Uvarova Yulia 
Published: August 2020

In this issue
This New Mineral Names has entries for 16 new minerals, including, ariegilatite, aurihydrargyrumite, carmeltazite, cerromojonite, dargaite, ewingite, fiemmeite horákite, nöggerathite-(Ce), paddlewheelite, parafiniukite, sharyginite, thalhammerite, thermaerogenite, tiberiobardiite, and verneite.