bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of water absorption on the mechanical performance of 3D‐printed sandwich composite structures made from PLA‐based materials under quasi‐static loading conditions
Authors: Ainin F. Nur , Azaman M. D. , Abdul Majid M. S. , Ridzuan M. J. M. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract3D printing technology has transformed the production of complex sandwich composite structures and offers exceptional control over material selection. PLA‐based composites are favored for load‐bearing applications due to their renewability and durable mechanical properties. However, their interaction with water poses a major challenge as moisture can severely affect their performance. This study investigates the effects of water absorption on the mechanical properties, energy absorption, and failure modes of 3D‐printed sandwich composite structures made of PLA‐based materials (PLA, PLA–Carbon, and PLA–Wood) under quasi‐static loads such as flatwise, in‐plane, and flexural tests. The results show that PLA–Wood has the highest water absorption among the composites due to its hydrophilicity, resulting in a significant reduction in compressive strength and Young's modulus by 19 and 9%, respectively, in flatwise tests, due to severe degradation. In contrast, PLA–Carbon shows superior energy absorption with values of 277.91, 10.74, and 1.73 J in flatwise, in‐plane and flexural tests, respectively, compared to 163.83, 2.47, and 1.17 J for PLA–Wood. This difference results from the ability of PLA–Carbon to deform in a controlled deformation, whereas PLA–Wood is susceptible to severe structural deformation. These results emphasize the durability of PLA‐based composites for load‐bearing applications, especially in moisture‐prone environments.Highlights
Quasi‐static response on 3D‐printed PLA composites under water exposure.
PLA–Wood has a higher water absorption because of its hydrophilic nature.
The hydrophobicity of PLA–Carbon leads to remarkable strength and stiffness.
PLA–Carbon has great energy absorption, which enhances its retained ductility.
The failure modes are dependent on the PLA composite materials against water.
Silane‐treated kapok fiber/epoxy composites for aerospace cabin interiors: Synthesis and characterization
Authors: Das Ramyaranjan , Sahu Dhaneshwar Prasad , Bisoyi Dillip Kumar 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study underscores the potential of silanized kapok fiber (KF) as a lightweight, eco‐friendly reinforcement for aerospace cabin interiors, emphasizing electrical insulation and mechanical resilience. KF/epoxy composites were fabricated via hand lay‐up, and silane treatment improved flexural, tensile, impact, and storage modulus by 131%, 101%, 145%, and 105%, respectively, due to enhanced fiber‐matrix interaction. Dielectric and impedance spectroscopy revealed reduced dielectric constant, loss, and AC conductivity due to the removal of polar groups and compact composite structure. Additionally, 9% silane concentration decreased water absorption by 3.9% over 400 h due to the tight packing and binding between the fiber and epoxy. These findings demonstrate that silane treatment enhances fiber‐matrix compatibility, improving the mechanical and overall performance of KF/epoxy composites.Highlights
KFs are treated with silane coupling agents.
Silane treatment enhanced interfacial, chemical and mechanical bonding.
Mechanical and electrical properties of composites enhanced with silane grafting on KF.
Tg of the composites increased after silane treatment.
Explored density and demonstrated reduced water absorption properties of the composites.
Rice Cultivation Area, Demographic Trends, and Trade Dynamics for Food Security in Nepal (2011–2021)
Authors: Lamichhane Nabin , Dhami Urmila , Dhakal Durga , Thapa Lal Bahadur 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRice is the most important staple crop in Nepal, playing a critical role in both the economy and food security. This study analyzes the trends in rice cultivation, production, imports, and exports from fiscal years 2011/2012 to 2021/2022 and also presents population data from the initial and final years. Over the study period, the area of rice cultivation declined by 0.81% annually, while the production grew by 1.5% per year, and the yield improved at a rate of 1.97% per year. Trend analysis indicated no significant changes in cultivation area or production, but a significant positive trend was observed in the yield. Rice import showed a significant annual increase of 5.61% in price value and 12.80% in quantity, while exports also grew by 1.95% in quantity and 2.39% in value. However, exports remain negligible compared to imports. Nepal's rice self‐sufficiency ratio (SSR) has declined by 1.15% annually, falling from 92.72% in 2011/2012 to 82.01% in 2021/2022 while its import dependency ratio (IDR) has increased by 5.89% annually. These trends suggest that Nepal is becoming increasingly vulnerable in terms of rice food security. Population dynamics based on two census records revealed a notable 14% rise in the foreign population. This situation underscores the urgent need for policy interventions to address the decline in rice self‐sufficiency, labor shortages, and growing import dependency, ensuring sustainable rice production and food security in Nepal.
Counter‐Anion‐Dependent Optical Properties of Cationic N22‐Methylated Chlorophyll‐a Derivatives
Authors: Ataka Riko , Kitagawa Yuichi , Tamiaki Hitoshi 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMethyl N22‐methylpyropheophorbides‐a with chloride or hexafluorophosphate were prepared by chemically modifying chlorophyll‐a. The resulting product composed of cationic N‐methylated chlorin and chloride anion exhibited visible absorption and fluorescence emission maxima in chloroform at longer wavelengths than those with hexafluorophosphate. Both the absorption and emission spectra of the former were hypsochromically shifted by change of the solvent from chloroform to methanol to give almost the same corresponding spectra of the latter independent of solvents. The apparent counter‐anion dependency in chloroform and the specific solvent dependency in the N‐methyl‐chlorin with chloride are ascribable to the weak solvation of a hard chloride anion over soft hexafluorophosphate in chloroform and strong electrostatic interaction of the cationic chlorin with a chloride anion over hexafluorophosphate in chloroform as well as well solvation of both the anions in methanol. In addition, less emission of N‐methyl‐chlorin with chloride in chloroform would be due to partial fluorescence quenching based on the heavy atom effect of the adjacent chloride anion.
Research on Tensile Stress–Strain Relationship of Azide Polyether Propellant for Wide‐Temperature Range Based on Time–Temperature Superposition Principle
Authors: Wang Gang , Hu Yiwen , Yang Weilu , Yuan Zhifeng , Song Xiuduo 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTAzide polyether propellants are emerging high‐energy solid propellants and have broad application prospects. To determine their mechanical properties under wide temperature ranges, tensile tests were conducted considering different combinations of temperature and loading rate, and the corresponding tensile stress–strain curves were plotted. The influence laws of temperature and loading rate on the materials' tensile response were revealed through qualitative and quantitative analyses. The applicability of the time–temperature superposition principle to the nonlinear deformation stage of the propellant was proved, and a stress response prediction method derived from this principle that solely relies on dynamic mechanical analysis and tensile test data was established.
Prognostic‐Based Active Battery Degradation Management in Wireless Sensor Networks for Group Replacement
Authors: Wu Lang , Zhou Qiang , Jo Hongki , Saleem Muhammad M. , Qu Qiang , Jeong Jong‐Hyun 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBatteries are prevalent energy storage devices, and their failures can cause huge losses such as the shutdown of entire systems. Therefore, the prognostic health management of batteries to increase their availability is highly desirable. This work focuses on improving the serviceability of batteries for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) deployed in remote and hard‐to‐reach places. We propose an active management strategy such that the batteries in a network will attain similar end‐of‐life times, in addition to lifetime extension. The fundamental idea is to adaptively adjust the node quality‐of‐service (QoS) to actively manage their degradation processes, while ensuring a minimum level of network QoS. The framework first executes a prognostic algorithm that can predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of a battery, given its assigned node‐level QoS. A Bayesian optimization framework with an augmented Lagrangian method has been adopted to efficiently solve the developed black‐box constrained optimization problem. A Matlab Simulink model based on a truss bridge structure health monitoring network is built considering the battery aging and temperature effects. Compared with the benchmark models, the proposed strategy demonstrates a more extended network lifespan and uniform working time ratio.
Tactile Feedback in Robot‐Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Colan Jacinto , Davila Ana , Hasegawa Yasuhisa 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRobot‐assisted systems have predominantly relied on teleoperation, where visual feedback is the primary source of information. However, advances in tactile sensing and displays offer new opportunities to enhance surgical transparency, efficiency, and safety.MethodsA PRISMA‐guided search was conducted across PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to identify relevant studies.ResultsOut of 645 screened articles, 98 met the inclusion criteria, and 33 were included in the final review. The review discusses various tactile feedback stimulus types, applications, and challenges in the context of robot‐assisted minimally invasive surgery.ConclusionWhile kinaesthetic feedback has been extensively explored to restore the natural interaction between the surgeon and the surgical environment, tactile feedback remains largely confined to research settings. This is due to significant challenges in integrating tactile feedback into robotic systems and current limitations of sensing technologies.
On Algorithms and Approximations for Progressively Type‐I Censoring Schemes
Authors: El‐Saeed Ahmed R. , Almetwally Ehab M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThis research aims to study the estimation of parameters for a Burr‐XII distribution and to investigate optimal sampling plans under progressive Type‐I censoring (PTIC). For point estimation, we employed the maximum‐likelihood estimation (MLE) method using two numerical approaches: Newton–Raphson and the Expectation–Maximization algorithm. We also utilized Bayesian estimation with squared error loss and linear exponential loss functions. Specifically, two approximate Bayesian methods, the Lindley and Tierney‐Kadane methods were examined. Additionally, Bayesian numerical estimation was performed using Markov Chain Monte Carlo with the Metropolis‐Hastings (MH) algorithm. For interval estimation, we constructed asymptotic confidence intervals for MLE and the highest posterior density method within the Bayesian framework. The practical study involved Monte Carlo simulations to assess the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed estimation methods across different PTIC schemes. A real data analysis is also provided to illustrate the practical application of these methodologies in analyzing a clinical trial dataset. Data from a clinical trial using a PTIC scheme reveals patterns in pain relief, aiding in evaluating the antibiotic ointment's effectiveness. The study further investigates optimal sampling plans for the Burr‐XII distribution under PTIC.
Enhanced Aiot Multi‐Modal Fusion for Human Activity Recognition in Ambient Assisted Living Environment
Authors: Patel Ankit D. , Jhaveri Rutvij H. , Patel Ashish D. , Shah Kaushal A. , Shah Jigarkumar 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTMethodologyHuman activity recognition (HAR) has emerged as a fundamental capability in various disciplines, including ambient assisted living, healthcare, human‐computer interaction, etc. This study proposes a novel approach for activity recognition by integrating IoT technologies with Artificial Intelligence and Edge Computing. This work presents a fusion HAR approach that combines data readings from wearable sensors such as accelerometer and gyroscope sensors and Images captured by vision‐based sensors such as cameras incorporating the capabilities of Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models. The aim of fusing these models is to capture and extract the temporal and spatial information, improving the accuracy and resilience of activity identification systems. The work uses the CNN model to find spatial features from the images that represent the contextual information of the activities and the LSTM model for processing sequential accelerometer and gyroscope sensor data to extract the temporal dynamics from the human activities.ResultsThe performance of our fusion approach is evaluated through different experiments using varying parameters and applies the best‐suited parameters for our model. The results demonstrate that the fusion of LSTM and CNN models outperforms standalone models and traditional fusion methods, achieving an accuracy of 98%, which is almost 9% higher than standalone models.ConclusionThe fusion of LSTM and CNN models enables the integration of complementary information from both data sources, leading to improved performance. The computation tasks are performed at the local edge device resulting to enhanced privacy and reduced latency. Our approach greatly impacts real‐world applications where accurate and reliable HAR systems are essential for enhancing human‐machine interaction and monitoring human activities in various domains.
Dual Interfacial Design Enables Efficient and Stable Semitransparent Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells With Scalable‐Coated Silver Nanowire Contact for Tandem Applications
Authors: Chen Chaoran , Liu Lianglan , Huang Ting , Tu Biao , Li Hongbing , He Qingchen , Ma Qiaoyan , Xu Zhenhua , Chen Shi , Li Jianmin , Liang Guangxing , Mai Yaohua , Guo Fei 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTSemitransparent perovskite solar cells (PSCs) hold great potential for applications in aesthetic building facades and top‐illuminated tandem devices. Indium tin oxide is currently the frequently used top transparent contact, which would degrade the underlying perovskites during sputter process. Here, we report low‐temperature, scalable solution‐processed silver nanowires (AgNWs) as top window electrodes for fabricating efficient and stable semitransparent PSCs. As a decisive step, an impermeable SnO2 thin film deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) is applied to prevent chemical reactions between AgNWs and halides of perovskites. In parallel, the molecular absorption of propylenediamine iodine (PDADI) on perovskite surface, instead of forming two‐dimensional (2D) perovskite capping layer, is found to effectively passivate the perovskite surface, which simultaneously leads to remarkably enhanced thermal stability, thus affording the processing window for ALD‐SnO2 deposition. Eventually, the prepared semitransparent PSCs with a bandgap of 1.71 eV achieve a champion efficiency of 17.5%, being the highest efficiency for semitransparent PSCs with AgNWs top contacts. On these bases, we constructed a four‐terminal perovskite/copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) tandem cell, giving a state‐of‐the‐art efficiency of 26.85%.
Accuracy of cell‐free fetal DNA in detecting chromosomal anomalies in women experiencing miscarriage: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Della Valle L. , Piergianni M. , Khalil A. , Rizzo G. , Mappa I. , Matarrelli B. , Lucidi A. , Manzoli L. , Flacco M. E. , Stuppia L. , D'Antonio F. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo report the diagnostic accuracy of cell‐free fetal DNA (cfDNA) in detecting fetal chromosomal anomalies in women experiencing miscarriage.MethodsPubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to June 2024. The inclusion criteria were women experiencing miscarriage (defined as pregnancy loss before 20 weeks of gestation) who underwent cfDNA screening for trisomies 21, 18 and 13, other autosomal aneuploidies, sex‐chromosome aneuploidies and/or copy‐number variants (CNVs). The index test was cfDNA screening for each of the chromosomal anomalies listed. The reference standard was cytogenetic analysis of pregnancy tissue. The quality of the studies was assessed using the revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies. Summary estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratio were computed using the hierarchical summary receiver‐operating‐characteristics model.ResultsSeven studies (887 women) were included in the systematic review and meta‐analysis. cfDNA had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% (95% CI, 81.5–100%) and 100% (95% CI, 99.1–100%), respectively, for trisomy 21, 100% (95% CI, 54.1–100%) and 100% (95% CI, 99.0–100%), respectively, for trisomy 18, and 88.9% (95% CI, 51.8–99.7%) and 100% (95% CI, 99.1–100%), respectively, for trisomy 13. The respective values for other autosomal trisomies were 75.8% (95% CI, 65.7–84.2%) and 99.4% (95% CI, 97.9–99.9%), while those for CNVs were 60.0% (95% CI, 14.7–94.7%) and 100% (95% CI, 97.4–100%). Failure of cfDNA testing was reported in 7.3% (95% CI, 5.7–9.2%) of cases.ConclusioncfDNA has high diagnostic accuracy in detecting fetal trisomies 21, 18 and 13 in women experiencing miscarriage, while its accuracy for other autosomal aneuploidies and CNVs is only moderate. © 2024 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Applications of hybrid nanofluid in advanced solar thermal technologies with enhanced heat transfer with Cattaneo–Christov heat flux in a cylinder
Authors: Farooq Umar , Ali Ali B. M. , Fatima Nahid , Khan Shan Ali , Noreen Sobia , Imran Muhammad , Muhammad Taseer 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHybrid nanofluids (HNFs) thus naturally find one of the most important uses in the field of concentrated solar power, in which great demands of thermal conductivity and stability are made for the efficient conversion of concentrated solar radiation into heat. HNFs may accelerate the rate of transfer of heat, which can unlock the potential of being capable of offering quicker heating times and improved performance consistency of domestic and industrial solar water heating systems. The HNF flow at heat transfer applied in the solar thermal panels provides huge benefits in terms of effectiveness, durability, and overall performance; hence, an interesting area for more research and development within novel renewable energy technologies. The present paper attempts to discuss the impact of Cattaneo–Christov (C–C) heat flux, magnetic parameter with the relaxation to time for hybrid nanofluid coolants (Single wall carbon nanotubes [SWCNT]‐Al2O3/water, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)‐Al2O3/water) that moves with the cylinder during the process of heat transmission. The current mathematical model uses the magnetic field to investigate the behavior of the electrically conductive fluid. The thermal radiation supports the steady flow. Carbon nanotubes (SWCNT and MWCNT) are used as nanomaterials in the water‐based fluid. In the given model partial slip model is used for boundary layer flow analysis in hybrid based nanofluid flow. The group of PDEs of the boundary layer is changed in to ODEs by the help of associated transformations during cooling process. The converted system of ordinary differential equations is addressed by numerical technique bvp4c of computational software MATLAB. Graphical explanation of the acquired results for various parameters of velocity and heat fields is done. From the obtained results, it is concluded that the velocity field is increased by increasing the values of the curvature parameter. The slip parameter decreases the velocity with an increase. Further, the temperature distribution grows by elevating the values of the nanoparticles volume fractions and the thermal Biot number.
Introduction: Retrofitting the Academy for Indigenous Excellence
Authors: Trudgett Michelle , Page Susan 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
The Introduction, authored by the editorial team, outlines Indigenous participation in Australian higher education, giving a brief overview of some key touchpoints since the colonial era. This historical synopsis provides a context for the Indigenous ECR narratives that follow and acts as a call to action and a marshalling of institutional intent to capitalise on the hard-won successes borne of growing Indigenous doctoral success. To squander the opportunity to greater and more meaningful contributions by Indigenous peoples to higher education, would be to diminish the prospects of enhanced Indigenous research, quality of teaching and modelling for Indigenous students that flow from highly qualified and skilled Indigenous scholars. The benefits to Indigenous communities and the nation are considerable.
A Letter to All the Deadly Accidental Academics Starting Their Early Career Researcher Journey
Authors: Thorpe Katrina 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAssociate Professor Katrina Thorpe’s chapter takes the form of a letter offering pragmatic advice about how to get the best out of the postdoctoral period and reflecting on the gap between expectations and the realities of what is possible to achieve. Associate Professor Thorpe encourages her fellow ECRs to follow their passion and to enjoy the postdoctoral time to focus on building or enhancing a research profile. She offers sage advice about the importance of saying no to distractions by creating clear boundaries bolstered by a strong sense of the value of the research that Indigenous researchers are undertaking. On a very practical note, Associate Professor Thorpe offers guidance about vital questions to ask when you have research funding. While the focus of the chapter is on Indigenous ECRs, there is also recommendations to universities about the value of developing post Ph.D. pathways for HDR students in your own institutions.
Am I There Yet? Learning as I Go and Wondering What Success Looks Like
Authors: Locke Michelle 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Dr Michelle Locke explores the challenges of being ‘first in family’, whilst also recognising the enormous support of her family and the collective pride in her success. Dr Locke charts a circuitous route to academic work via a profession, noting the importance of learning environments which nurture and support Indigenous PhD candidates. The Covid-19 pandemic effected Dr Locke, in the practical ways that impacted many others, but she also shares the vulnerability and loss of confidence that can attend the isolation wrought by pandemic lockdowns. Dr Locke illuminates how the challenges of learning the language of academia can be both a barrier and once learned a form of entry. Central to Dr Locke’s chapter is the importance of publishing, along with the weight of responsibility for ensuring that Indigenous voices are both valued through careful data analysis and amplified by thoughtful publishing.