bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring TNM stage of female breast cancer and survival across the South Australian population, with national and international TNM benchmarking: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Li Ming , Roder David , D'Onise Katina , Walters David , Farshid Gelareh , Buckley Elizabeth , Karapetis Chris , Joshi Rohit , Price Timothy , Townsend Amanda , Miller Caroline Louise , Currow David , Powell Kate , Buranyi-Trevarton Dianne , Olver Ian 
Published: June 2020

ObjectiveUsing linked cancer registry and administrative data to monitor, tumour, node and metastases (TNM) stage and survival from female breast cancer in Australia.MethodAnalysis of 2000–2014 diagnoses with linked population-based data to investigate: (1) sociodemographic predictors of advanced stage (stages III and IV), using unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression; and (2) sociodemographic factors and stage as predictors of breast cancer survival using competing risk regression.DesignPopulation-based registry cohort.Setting and participants14 759 South Australian women diagnosed in 2000–2014.Primary and secondary outcome measuresStage and survival.ResultsAt diagnosis, 46% of women were classified as stage I, 39% as stage II, 12% as stage III and 4% as stage IV. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, advanced stage was more common: (1) for ages <50 years; and although not statistically significant, for ages 80+ years; and (2) in women from socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. Compared with 2000–2004 diagnoses, stage and sociodemographic adjusted risks (sub-HRs (SHRs)) of breast cancer death were lower in 2005–2009 (SHR 0.75, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.83) and 2010–2015 (SHR 0.57, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.67). Compared with stage I, the SHR was 3.87 (95% CI 3.32 to 4.53) for stage II, 10.87 (95% CI 9.22 to 12.81) for stage III, and 41.97 (95% CI 34.78 to 50.65) for stage IV. Women aged 70+ years at diagnosis and those living in the most socioeconomically disadvantaged areas were at elevated risk of breast cancer death, independent of stage and sociodemographic factors.ConclusionsStage varied by age, diagnostic period and socioeconomic status, and was a stronger predictor of survival than other statistically significant sociodemographic predictors. Achieving earlier diagnosis outside the original BreastScreen target of 50–69 years (as applying <2014) and in residents of socioeconomically disadvantaged areas likely would increase cancer survival at a population level.
Innermost stable circular orbit and shadow of the 4D Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet black hole
Authors: Guo Minyong , Li Peng-Cheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractRecently, a novel 4D Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity was formulated by Glavan and Lin (Phys Rev Lett 124(8):081301, 2020). Although whether the theory is well defined is currently debatable, the spherically symmetric black hole solution is still meaningful and worthy of study. In this paper, we study the geodesic motions in the spacetime of the spherically symmetric black hole solution. First of all, we find that a negative GB coupling constant is allowable, as in which case the singular behavior of the black hole can be hidden inside the event horizon. Then we calculate the innermost stable circular orbits for massive particles, which turn out to be monotonic decreasing functions of the GB coupling constant. Furthermore, we study the unstable photon sphere and shadow of the black hole. It is interesting to find that the proposed universal bounds on black hole size in Lu and Lyu (Phys Rev D 101(4):044059, 2020) recently can be broken when the GB coupling constant takes a negative value.
Electric field bridging pattern of pre-breakdown and breakdown condition in transformer oil
Authors: Mustafa Nur Badariah Ahmad , Ali N H Nik , Zainuddin H. , Daud Marizuana Mat , Nordin Farah Hani 
Published: June 2020

Transformer is considered as one of the most important equipment in electrical power system networks. However, most problems occurred in transformer were related to the defects and weakness of the insulation systems. The oils used in transformer act as coolant and insulation purposes hence maintaining the dielectric strength of the transformer. In this work, electric field bridging pattern is observed from pre-breakdown and breakdown condition. The electric field bridging formation was recorded in the experimental setup and images were captured per frame. 193 images were randomly chosen from the whole video frames where 102 images were the pre-breakdown images and 91 images were the breakdown images. This system comprises of four stages: (i) a preprocessing stage to mark the electrodes tips and background subtraction; (ii) a segmentation stage to extract the electric field bridging formation in region of interest; (iii) a feature extraction stage to extract electric field bridging using feature descriptors, <em>area</em>, <em>minor-axis </em>and <em>major-axis length </em> (iv) a classification stage to identify the pre-breakdown and breakdown condition. System performance was evaluated using support vector machine (SVM), <em>k</em>-nearest neighbour (<em>k</em>-NN) and random forest (RF) and SVM provided the most promising accuracy that was 99%. The results show that the combination of three feature descriptors, <em>area</em>, <em>minor-axis </em>and <em>major-axis length </em>are the best features combination in identifying the transformer oil condition. In future work, further studies will be conducted to investigate the pattern of pre- and post-breakdown due to some similarity found in image pattern. Due to that, more feature descriptors will be identified to find a unique pattern between pre- and post-breakdown condition
Faulty antenna detection in a linear array using simulated annealing optimization
Authors: Boopalan Navaamsini , Ramasamy Agileswari K. , Nagi Farrukh Hafiz 
Published: June 2020

<span lang="EN-US">Sonar, radar and communication systems solely depend on antenna arrays for signal attainment. These arrays are capable of producing directional signals which can be steered in a certain direction. Faulty elements in an array will result in distorted radiation pattern with increased sidelobe levels. Far-field faulty antenna detection is necessary due to the near field repairing at complex systems like spacecraft. This paper proposes simulated annealing (SA) optimizing method to find the faulty element’s location in a linear array. In this study, a Chebyshev array is presented with the SA optimization method to detect faulty element location with a random permutation of failure locations tested. This method can successfully detect faulty antenna in a linear array. Even though, this method is developed for linear array it can easily be adapted to a planar array.</span>
A multiband and wideband frequency reconfigurable slotted bowtie antenna
Authors: Idris Izni Husna , Hamid Mohamad Rijal , Kamardin Kamilia , A. Rahim Mohamad Kamal , Majid Huda A. 
Published: June 2020

A multiband and wideband frequency reconfigurable antenna is presented. A wideband from 3.5 GHz to 9.0 GHz is achieved by introducing one stripline in the middle of a slotted bowtie antenna, whereas multiband is obtained by integrating an additional two slotted arms at the end of bowtie-shaped. As a result, the antenna operated at multiband mode (1.7 GHz and 2.6 GHz) and wideband mode (3.5 GHz to 9.0 GHz) simultaneously. The reconfigurability of the antenna is attained through switches. Five states are achieved with three pairs of switches configurations. All results are presented and discussed, including S11, current distribution, radiation pattern, and gain. The antenna is suitable to be used in multimode communication systems.
A novel academic performance estimation model using two stage feature selection
Authors: Chaudhury Pamela , Tripathy Hrudaya Kumar 
Published: June 2020

<span lang="EN-GB">Educational data mining has gained tremendous interest from researchers across the globe. Using data mining techniques in the field of education several significant findings have been made. Accurate academic performance estimation is a challenging task. In this study we have developed a novel model to estimate the academic performance of students. Techniques like conversion of categorical attributes into dummy variables, classification, two staged feature selection and an improved differential evolutionary algorithm were used. Our proposed model outperformed existing models of students’ academic performance determination and gave a new direction to it. The proposed model can help not only to reduce the number of academic failures but also help to comprehend the factors contributing to a student’s academic performance (poor, average or outstanding).Computer</span>
Point forecasts of mortality rates in Malaysia: a comparison of principal component methods
Authors: Wan Husin Wan Zakiyatussariroh , Abidin Nazatul Shahreen Zainal 
Published: June 2020

<span>The problem of forecasting mortality has been widely discussed and is being considered as an important issue among actuaries and demographers. Using age and sex-specific mortality data in Malaysia, we compare and evaluate the point forecast accuracy of six principal component methods. These six methods are the Lee-Carter (LC) method, the unadjusted LC method (LCnone), the Lee-Miller (LM) variant, the Booth-Mandonald-Smith variant (BMS) and the two versions of the Hyndman-Ullah (HU). The overall performance of all methods was evaluated using out-sample forecasts based on the six error measures of three different data spanning with three different step-ahead forecasts. The data set consists of annual age-specific death rates (ASDR) for 17 age groups for both genders for the years 1980 to 2011. Results show that when the fitted period is longer, the LM method exhibits a better fit in Malaysia male ASDR and the HU6 method attains a better fit in Malaysia female ASDR. When the fitted period becomes shorter, the BMS method outperforms for male and HU1 for female ASDR. However, for overall performance, the LM method consistently outperforms others for Malaysia male ASDR and the LM and HU methods are the best good of fit for Malaysia ASDR.</span>
Genetic algorithm for intrusion detection system in computer network
Authors: Suhaimi Hamizan , Suliman Saiful Izwan , Harun Afdallyna Fathiyah , Mohamad Roslina , Yusof Yuslinda Wati Mohamad , Kassim c Murizah 
Published: June 2020

<span>Internet connection nowadays has become one of the essential requirements to execute our daily activities effectively. Among the major applications of wide Internet connections is local area network (LAN) which connects all internet-enabled devices in a small-scale area such as office building, computer lab etc. This connection will allow legit user to access the resources of the network anywhere as long as authorization is acquired. However, this might be seen as opportunities for some people to illegally access the network. Hence, the occurrence of network hacking and privacy breach. Therefore, it is very vital for a computer network administrator to install a very protective and effective method to detect any network intrusion and, secondly to protect the network from illegal access that can compromise the security of the resources in the network. These resources include sensitive and confidential information that could jeopardise someone’s life or sovereignty of a country if manipulated by wrong hands. In Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) framework, apart from detecting unauthorized access, it is equally important to recognize the type of intrusions in order for the necessary precautions and preventive measures to take place. This paper presents the application of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and its steps in performing intrusion detection process. Standard benchmark dataset known as KDD’99 cup was utilized with forty-one distinctive features representing the identity of network connections. Results presented demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and warrant good research focus as it promises exciting discovery in solving similar-patent of problems. </span>
Jesus as Scapegoat in Matthew’s Roman-Abuse Scene (Matt 27:27–31)
Authors: Moscicke Hans M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Behind the cruel mockery of Pilate’s auxiliary troops (Matt 27:27–31), Matthew portrays the royal inauguration of the true cosmic lord. But what has often been missed is that this inauguration also entails Jesus’s cultic elimination as the victim in a performance reminiscent of ancient curse-transmission rituals. Matthew transforms and assimilates the scene to the most famous elimination rite in his Jewish context, the Yom Kippur scapegoat ritual. Jesus becomes a king who himself bears and carries away the moral impurities of the denizens of his own kingdom as the typological fulfillment of the scapegoat of Leviticus 16.
Prolegomena to Bentley’s Unfinished New Testament Project
Authors: Yi An-Ting , Krans Jan , Lietaert Peerbolte Bert Jan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
It is well known that the eighteenth-century classical scholar Richard Bentley once announced but never finished an ambitious project for a critical NT edition. What is less well known is that numerous entries of his archive have been preserved in Wren Library of Trinity College (TCL), Cambridge, until today. This article provides some prolegomena to a comprehensive enquiry into Bentley’s unfinished NT project. It includes an updated summary of the archive, relevant secondary literature, a few examples for illustration, and on the basis of all this, some suggestions for future study.
Zum Klagsziel der actio pigneraticia in personam contraria in D. 13,7,9pr.
Authors: Scheibelreiter Philipp 
Published: June 2020

Summary
In D. 13,7,9pr. (Ulp. 28 ad ed.) a debtor, who has handed over a res aliena as pledge to a creditor, will be sued with the iudicium contrarium. Whereas most handbooks of Roman law understand the aim of the actio pigneraticia contraria as the debtor’s duty to replace the res aliena by a new pledge, owned by the debtor, the sources do not necessarily lead to this conclusion. From the procedural perspective and the condemnatio pecuniaria of classical Roman law (instead of specific performance) this solution seems to be problematic and may have been developed under in any case influence of Justinianic law. Also on the basis of the concept of pignus as obligatio re contracta, it is submitted that the debtor’s obligation could only have concerned the alien thing itself; beside this, the aim of the actio contraria was compensation for the creditor’s damages.
A source of inspiration for legal historians: Raoul van Caenegem’s views on legal history
Authors: Heirbaut Dirk 
Published: June 2020

Summary
Although Raoul van Caenegem claimed otherwise, he had very strong views on what legal history should be. In his opinion, legal history belonged to the disciplinary field of history, not to law. The legal historian should not only chronicle past evolutions of the law, but also explain them. To this purpose, van Caenegem himself turned to sociology, trying to work with types and models in order to generalise. Van Caenegem rejected the idea of a Volksgeist and advocated to look at the European context in a comparative legal history. Nevertheless, his ‘Europe’ was limited to the founding members of the European Union, joined by England. He constructed legal history as a history of power and preferred to study groups of law makers instead of individuals. In his legal history, the European ‘Second Middle Ages’, from 1100 until 1750, stand out as the cradle of the modern rule of law, with a special role for the cities of medieval Flanders. Although well-known for a leading handbook promoting the idea of the ius commune, the common law of Europe, van Caenegem actually deemed custom to have been the primary source of law in medieval Europe, whereas the role of the ius commune had been, in his opinion, overestimated. As he showed many times during his distinguished career, van Caenegem wanted legal historians to take part in current debates. In the end, his main lesson from legal history was a plea for moderation, as taking a sound idea to its extreme leads to absurd or unintended consequences.
China’s International Investment Strategy: Towards a Relational Normativity
Authors: Vanhullebusch Matthias 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The edited volume under discussion aims to shed light on China’s international investment strategy along the bilateral, regional and global prong. In doing so, the contributors have sought to answer whether China is a rule-shaper or rule-breaker of international investment norms and whether it will be further liberalizing its domestic market for foreign investment. Despite their comprehensive analysis of individual subject areas where tensions arise between China investment practice at home and overseas and international standards, the reasons for China’s contradictory normative conduct in its various investment relationships remain underexplored. This article calls for a reconceptualization of the sources from which international investment law derives its binding force, namely based on relational normativity. This approach can transcend anxieties about China’s past, present, and future investment strategies and strengthen the normativity of the international rule of law with one of the world’s most prominent economic players instead.
Health Disparities in Incisional Hernia Presentation
Authors: Mulloy Clairissa D. , Hoffman Ryan D. , Danos Denise M. , Lau Frank H. 
Published: June 2020

Introduction Incisional hernias (IH) are iatrogenically created in 400 000 new patients annually. Without repair, IH-associated complications can result in major illness and death. The health disparities literature suggests that under-represented patients present more frequently with surgical emergencies. The health disparities associated with IH remain relatively unstudied. Methods Inpatient admission data were obtained from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project National Inpatient Sample for 2012-2014. Patients with IH International Classification of Diseases ninth revision were included. Analyses were completed using survey specific procedures (SAS v.9.4). Type of admission within groups was compared via Rao-Scott chi-square tests. The probability of an elective admission was modeled via SurveyLogistic Procedure. Results Of 39 296 cases, 38.5% IH admissions were urgent or emergent (nonelective). The proportion of nonelective admission was statistically higher ( P < .0001) in patients >65 (40.9%) and females (40.3%). Among insurance types, self-paying patients had the highest proportion of nonelective admissions (64.3%). Racial disparities remained significant after adjusting for age, sex, and insurance. Compared with white patients, the odds of an admission being nonelective were significantly higher for black (odds ratio [OR] [95% CI]: 1.65 [1.53-1.77]], Hispanic (OR [95% CI]: 1.39 [1.28-1.51]), and other (OR [95% CI]: 1.2 [1.06-1.37]) patients. Discussion These data show that multiple at-risk patient populations are significantly more likely to require urgent admission for IH-related complications. These include older, female, non-white, and uninsured patients. Systematic efforts to ameliorate these disparities should be developed.
Psychosocial interventions in schizophrenia: Focus on guidelines
Authors: Ventriglio Antonio , Ricci Fabiana , Magnifico Giuseppe , Chumakov Egor , Torales Julio , Watson Cameron , Castaldelli-Maia João Mauricio , Petito Annamaria , Bellomo Antonello 
Published: June 2020

Background: Schizophrenia is a lifelong condition with acute exacerbations and varying degrees of functional disability. Acute and long-term treatments are based on antipsychotic drugs, even if some domains of personal and social functioning are not addressed by psychopharmacotherapy. In fact, psychosocial interventions show a positive impact on patient’s functioning and clinical outcome. In addition, psychosocial interventions are significantly associated with a lower number of relapses and hospitalizations in schizophrenia. Methods: An analytical review of the International Guidelines on Psychosocial Interventions in Schizophrenia has been performed; we included the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines, the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) guidelines, the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP) guidelines, the Schizophrenia Patient Outcomes Research Team (PORT) guidelines and the American Psychiatric Association (APA) guidelines. Results: The international guidelines recommend psychosocial interventions as supportive treatments alongside pharmaceutical or psychotherapeutic ones. Conclusion: More research studies need to be conducted and included in the updated version of the international guidelines to confirm the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in the long-term outcome of schizophrenia.
Mental distress and need for psychosocial support in prostate cancer patients: An observational cross-sectional study
Authors: Baba Naomi , Schrage Theresa , Hartmann Armin , Baba Kenji , Wuensch Alexander , Schultze-Seemann Wolfgang , Weis Joachim , Joos Andreas 
Published: June 2020

Objective Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in German men and associated with various physical and psychosocial problems. This study investigated the association between mental distress and the subjective need for psychosocial support comparing subgroups of patients with different treatments and disease stages. Method We performed an observational, cross-sectional study including patients with four medical conditions: Active Surveillance, radical prostatectomy, biochemical relapse, metastasized disease. Mental distress (NCCN Distress-Thermometer), symptoms of depression and anxiety (PHQ-9, GAD-7), psychosocial needs and coping resources (self-designed questionnaire) were assessed. Results N = 130 patients were included. 33.3% showed distress, 16.5% symptoms of moderate depression and 13% symptoms of moderate anxiety. We found no significant differences between the four groups. An association was present between distress and wish for psychosocial support ( χ2 = 4.3; p < 0.05; ϕ = 0.19). Almost 90% lived with a partner, which represents a resource. Conclusions Prostate cancer patients showed low levels of mental distress, depression and anxiety with no difference in terms of disease stage and treatment modality. Therefore, careful psychosocial screening of all patients is essential to identify those in need for support. Distressed patients express a need for psychosocial support more often. Interpersonal relationships, most often wives and children, represent important coping resources.