bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced‐dose craniospinal irradiation for central nervous system relapsed neuroblastoma
Authors: Luo Leo Y. , Kramer Kim , Cheung Nai‐Kong V. , Kushner Brian H. , Modak Shakeel , Basu Ellen M. , Roberts Stephen S. , Wolden Suzanne L. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeIn patients with high‐risk neuroblastoma, there is an increased recognition of relapse in the central nervous system (CNS). Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) has been an effective treatment but carries significant long‐term complications. It is unclear whether reducing the CSI dose from 21 to 18 Gy can achieve similar CNS tumor control.Patients and methodsA retrospective review of pediatric patients with CNS‐relapsed neuroblastoma treated with CSI and boost to parenchymal lesions between 2003 and 2019 was performed. The goal was to assess CNS control comparing 18 Gy and 21 Gy regimens.ResultsNinety‐four patients with CNS‐relapsed neuroblastoma were treated with CSI followed by intraventricular compartmental radioimmunotherapy. Median age at the time of CNS disease was 4 years (range 1‐13 years). Forty‐one patients (44%) received 21 Gy CSI prior to an institutional decision to lower the dose; 53 patients (56%) received 18 Gy CSI. Seventy‐nine patients (84%) received additional boosts. With a median follow up of 4.1 years for surviving patients, 2‐year CNS relapse‐free survival was 74% for 18 Gy group versus 77% for 21 Gy group, and 5‐year CNS relapse‐free survival was 66% for 18 Gy versus 72% for 21 Gy group, respectively (P = .40). Five‐year overall survival rate was 43% in 18 Gy group versus 47% in 21 Gy group (P = .72).ConclusionFor patients with CNS‐relapsed neuroblastoma, CNS disease control is comparable between 18 Gy and 21 Gy CSI dose regimens, in conjunction with radioimmunotherapy and CNS penetrating chemotherapy. More than 65% of the patients remain CNS disease free after 5 years. The findings support 18 Gy as the new standard CSI dose for CNS‐relapsed neuroblastoma.
Biodegradable polymeric networks of poly(propylene fumarate) and phosphonic acid‐based monomers
Authors: Cemali Görkem , Aruh Avram , Köse Gamze Torun , Can Erde 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPoly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) was crosslinked with vinyl phosphonic acid (VPA) and vinyl phosphonic acid diethyl ester (VPES) to prepare biodegradable and biocompatible polymers with a network structure. Intended for this purpose, the PPF pre‐polymer was synthesized through a polycondensation reaction of propylene glycol and fumaric acid in an excess of propylene glycol. The PPF pre‐polymer was then thermally cured with various ratios of VPA and VPES in the presence of benzoyl peroxide initiator via radical polymerization. Complete cure of PPF/VPA and PPF/VPES copolymers was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry, crosslink density was determined via swelling experiments, and thermomechanical properties and thermal degradation profiles were characterized by dynamic mechanical and thermogravimetric analyses, respectively. Various compositions of the PPF/VPA and PPF/VPES copolymers exhibited compressive modulus values in the wide range 10–836 MPa and compressive strength values in the range 14–119 MPa. The equilibrium water content of the PPF/VPA and PPF/VPES copolymers ranged from 4 to 20.5 wt%. Biodegradation rate of the polymers in buffer solution at 37 °C, examined via both weight loss and pH measurements, was significantly influenced by the co‐monomer and initiator compositions. Combining the results of these studies indicated that PPF/VPA and PPF/VPES copolymers show potential for applications as bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Moreover, just varying PPF and co‐monomer ratio and initiator amount provides adjustable and controllable characteristics of the end product. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry
Computational mechanistic study of human liver glycerol 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase using ONIOM method
Authors: Yildiz Ibrahim , Sizirici Yildiz Banu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHuman liver glycerol 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase catalyzes transfer of a hydride anion from NADH to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) forming L‐glycerol 3‐phosphate and NAD+ in a single step reaction. It is proposed that a hydride ion is transferred from NADH to the carbonyl carbon of DHAP through a general acid catalysis in which the carbonyl oxygen of DHAP is protonated by a nearby acidic residue. Based on the crystal structure of enzyme, it was suggested that one of the active site lysine residues (Lys120/Lys204) might act as general acid for the protonation of the carbonyl oxygen at DHAP. In this study, we formulated a number of computational systems to study the hydride transfer mechanism including main active site amino acid side chains, NADH cofactor, and DHAP. The calculations involved ONIOM method consisting of DFT and molecular mechanics (MM). We evaluated the energetics of the hydride transfer process in different model systems while probing the roles of active site residues, Lys120/Lys204/Asp260. Based on calculations, protonated Asp260 has more favorable energetics to act as the general acid catalysis as compared to Lys120/204 residues.
Value of lung ultrasonography to predict weaning success in ventilated neonates
Authors: El Amrousy Doaa , Elgendy Marwa , Eltomey Mohamed , Elmashad Abd Elrahman 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundInvasive mechanical ventilation (MV) is lifesaving for critically ill neonates. Limiting the duration of MV support is crucial. Lung ultrasonography is a bedside technique useful to predict weaning success in adults, but few data are available about its use in neonates. Our aim was to assess the value of lung ultrasonography to predict weaning success of the ventilated neonates.MethodsThis study included 80 neonates on MV suffering from different pulmonary diseases. All patients had lung ultrasound just before extubation and 6 hours after extubation. Lung ultrasound score (LUS) was calculated for all neonate. Blood gases and chest x‐ray were performed just before extubation as well. All neonates were followed up for 48 hours after extubation for extubation failure (EF).ResultsEighteen neonates (22.5%) experienced EF. Neonates with EF had significantly lower gestational age, lower weight but significantly prolonged duration of MV, prolonged NICU stay, and higher mortality. LUS before and after extubation was significantly higher in neonates with EF than those with weaning success. Pre‐extubation LUS had a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 88% to predict weaning success in neonates at a cutoff value ≤4. While, post‐extubation LUS had a sensitivity of 89%, and a specificity of 90% to predict weaning success in neonates at a cutoff point ≤6.ConclusionLung ultrasound is a rapid, noninvasive, repetitive, and reliable tool for predicting the weaning success of ventilated neonates.
Introducing variability in targeting the microtubules: Review of current mechanisms and future directions in colchicine therapy
Authors: Forkosh Esther , Kenig Ariel , Ilan Yaron 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMicrotubules (MTs) are highly dynamic polymers that constitute the cellular cytoskeleton and play a role in multiple cellular functions. Variability characterizes biological systems and is considered a part of the normal function of cells and organs. Variability contributes to cell plasticity and is a mechanism for overcoming errors in cellular level assembly and function, and potentially the whole organ level. Dynamic instability is a feature of biological variability that characterizes the function of MTs. The dynamic behavior of MTs constitutes the basis for multiple biological processes that contribute to cellular plasticity and the timing of cell signaling. Colchicine is a MT‐modifying drug that exerts anti‐inflammatory and anti‐cancer effects. This review discusses some of the functions of colchicine and presents a platform for introducing variability while targeting MTs in intestinal cells, the microbiome, the gut, and the systemic immune system. This platform can be used for implementing novel therapies, improving response to chronic MT‐based therapies, overcoming drug resistance, exerting gut‐based systemic immune responses, and generating patient‐tailored dynamic therapeutic regimens.
Review and analysis of the potential for glyphosate to interact with the estrogen, androgen and thyroid pathways
Authors: Levine Steven L , Webb Elizabeth G , Saltmiras David A 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGlyphosate was recently evaluated for its potential to interact with the estrogen, androgen and thyroid (EAT) hormone pathways, including steroidogenesis, under the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA) Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP), then by Germany, the rapporteur Member State who led the European Annex 1 renewal for glyphosate, and then by the European Food Protection Agency (EFSA) also as part of the Annex 1 renewal for glyphosate. Under the EDSP, 11 Tier 1 assays were run following the USEPA's validated 890‐series test guidelines and included five in vitro and six in vivo assays to evaluate the EAT pathways. Steroidogenesis was evaluated as part of the estrogen and androgen pathways. An up‐to‐date critical review has been conducted that considered results from the EDSP Tier 1 battery, guideline regulatory studies and an in‐depth analysis of the literature studies that informed an endocrine assessment. A strength of this evaluation was that it included data across multiple levels of biological organization, and mammalian and nonmammalian test systems. There was strong agreement across the in vitro and in vivo Tier 1 battery, guideline studies and relevant literature studies, demonstrating that glyphosate does not interact with EAT pathways including steroidogenesis. Based on an analysis of the comprehensive toxicology database for glyphosate and the literature, this review has concluded that glyphosate does not have endocrine‐disrupting properties through estrogen, androgen, thyroid and steroidogenic modes of action. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Stabilization of linear systems with time‐varying input delay by event‐triggered delay independent truncated predictor feedback
Authors: Xie Yijing , Wei Yusheng , Lin Zongli 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThis article deals with the problem of stabilization of linear systems with time‐varying input delay by an event‐triggered delay independent truncated predictor feedback law, either of the state feedback type or the output feedback type. Only the information of a delay bound rather than the delay itself is required in the design of both control laws and event‐triggering strategies. For both the state feedback case and the output feedback case, an admissible delay bound that guarantees the stabilizability of a general linear system is established, and the Zeno behavior is shown to be excluded. For linear systems with all open‐loop poles at the origin or in the open left‐half plane, stabilization can be achieved for a delay under an arbitrarily large bound.
A Historical Inquiry Into Bilingual Reading Textbooks: Coloniality and Biliteracy at the Turn of the 20th Century
Authors: Curiel Lucía Cárdenas , Durán Leah G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe authors present an analysis of bilingual reading textbooks published at the turn of the 20th century. The authors examined the kinds of opportunities for learning offered by bilingual reading textbooks developed for students in Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines in the aftermath of the Spanish–American War. The analysis revealed challenges to understanding related to both the content and the structure of these textbooks, as well as the coloniality of knowledge embedded in them. The historical record also reveals a rejection of the format and content from scholars and educational leaders, and the subsequent turn toward reading materials, which better reflected the everyday experiences of Cuban, Puerto Rican, and Filipinx children, albeit often monolingually rather than bilingually. Implications are offered for how contemporary literacy materials might support (bi)literacy development of bilingual students across the globe.
IMNRFixer: A hybrid approach to alleviate class‐imbalance problem for predicting the fixability of Non‐Reproducible bugs
Authors: Goyal Anjali , Sardana Neetu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSoftware maintenance is an important phase in the software development life cycle. Software projects maintain bug repositories to gather, organize, and keep track of bug reports. These bug reports are resolved by numerous software developers. Whenever the reported bug does not get resolved by the assigned developer, he marks the resolution of bug report as Non‐Reproducible (NR). When NR bugs are reconsidered, few of them get resolved, and their resolution changes from NR to fix (NRF). The main aim of this paper is to predict these fixable NRF bug reports. A major challenge in predicting NRF bugs from NR bugs is that only a small portion of NR bugs get fixed, i.e., class‐imbalance problem. For example, NRF bugs account for only 8.64%, 4.73 %, 4.56%, and 1.06% in NetBeans, Eclipse, Open Office, and Mozilla Firefox projects respectively. In this paper, we work on improving the classification performance on these imbalanced datasets. We propose IMNRFixer, a novel and hybrid NRF prediction tool. IMNRFixer uses three different techniques to combat class‐imbalance problem: undersampling, oversampling, and ensemble models. We evaluate the performance of IMNRFixer models on four large and open‐source projects of Bugzilla repository. Our results show that IMNRFixer outperforms conventional machine learning techniques. IMNRFixer achieves performance up to 71.7%, 93.1%, 91.7%, and 96.5% while predicting the minority class (NRF) for NetBeans, Eclipse, Open Office, and Mozilla Firefox projects, respectively.
Empirical studies on software traceability: A mapping study
Authors: Charalampidou Sofia , Ampatzoglou Apostolos , Karountzos Evangelos , Avgeriou Paris 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDuring the last decades, software traceability has been studied in a large number of studies, from different perspectives (e.g., how to create traces and what are its benefits). This large body of knowledge needs to be better explored and exploited by both practitioners and researchers: We need an overview of different aspects of traceability and a structured way to assess and compare existing work in order to extend it with new research or apply it in practice, Thus, we have conducted a secondary study on this large corpus of primary studies, focusing on empirical studies on software traceability, without setting any further restrictions in terms of investigating a specific domain or concrete artifacts. The study explores the goals of existing approaches and the empirical methods used for their evaluation. Its main contributions are the investigation of (a) the type of artifacts linked through traceability approaches; (b) the benefits of using artifact traceability approaches; (c) the ways of measuring their benefit; and (d) the research methods used. The results of the study suggest that (i) requirements artifacts are dominant in traceability; (ii) the research corpus focuses on the proposal of novel techniques for establishing traceability; and (iii) the main benefits are the improvement of software correctness and maintainability. Finally, although many studies include some empirical validation, there is still room for improvements and research methods that can be used more extensively. The obtained results are discussed under the prism of both researchers and practitioners and are compared against the state‐of‐the‐art.
Password‐based encryption approach for securing sensitive data
Authors: Mustacoglu Ahmet F. , Catak Ferhat O. , Fox Geoffrey C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe direction of computing is affected and lead by several trends. First, we have the Data Overwhelm from Commercial sources (eg, Amazon), Community sources (eg, Twitter), and Scientific applications (eg, Genomics). Next, we have several light‐weight clients belong to many devices spanning from smartphones, tablets to sensors. Then, clouds are getting popular due to their advantages since they are cheaper, greener, and easy to use compared to traditional systems. Finally, sensitive data stored as a plain text on a cloud system would be vulnerable to unauthorized access and the security become an important aspect. We believe that these advancements steer both research and education, and will put together as we look at data security in the cloud. We introduce a password‐based encryption (PBE) approach to protect sensitive data, investigate the performance metrics of the proposed approach, and present the experimental results for the key generation and the encryption/decryption calculations.
Interaction of Tretinoin and Nimesulide with Amylose Matrices
Authors: Marinopoulou Anna , Christofilos Dimitrios , Arvanitidis John , Raphaelides Stylianos N. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSystems of amylose with nimesulide or tretinoin are prepared and characterized in order to evaluate their in vitro release behavior. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) data of the amylose systems containing drug molecules reveal patterns characteristic of the V‐type of complexed amylose. Nevertheless, they cannot be unequivocally assigned to complexed amylose since both drugs exhibit XRD reflections at similar 2‐theta angles. Raman scattering and differential scanning calorimetry thermal analysis provide evidence suggesting that tretinoin is more likely to form molecular inclusion complexes than nimesulide. The drug–amylose interaction is also assessed by means of optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results reveal that the drug molecules are effectively entrapped in the amylose matrix, probably inside or between the amylose helices. Acidic and enzymatic tests allow the quantification of the drug molecules released from the matrix of the amylose systems with tretinoin or nimesulide. In the simulated intestinal fluid, the drug release of the samples reached up to ≈52% for tretinoin and ≈39% for nimesulide systems. Overall, the results show that the molecular interaction of amylose, with tretinoin appears to be more promising for efficient complexation than with nimesulide.
A sectional method to account for shear enhancement in point‐loaded nonslender members
Authors: Uzel Almıla , Daniş Elif 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn nonslender members, significant vertical compressive stresses occur by the loading and support conditions. Sectional models, which ignore the beneficial effects of these vertical compressive stresses underestimate the shear strength of such members. In this study, a simple expression is derived to calculate the vertical compressive stress at mid‐depth of point‐loaded nonslender beams and shear design provisions in the fib MC2010 are extended to account for the shear enhancement in nonslender members by considering this compressive stress in the equilibrium conditions. ACI‐DAfStb evaluation databases of shear tests on point‐loaded simply supported reinforced concrete members with and without stirrups are employed to evaluate the accuracy of this proposed sectional analysis method. Results show that including vertical compressive stresses in the fib MC2010 sectional shear design procedures greatly improved the accuracy of shear strength predictions for point‐loaded nonslender members.
Exploring the Impacts of Methylmercury‐Induced Behavioral Alterations in Larval Yellow Perch in Lake Michigan Using an Individual‐Based Model
Authors: Armstrong Brandon M. , Mora‐Zamorano Francisco X. , Carvan Michael J. , McNaught Scott , Basu Niladri , Head Jessica , Klingler Rebekah H. , Ivan Lori , Murphy Cheryl A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe inclusion of sublethal behavioral effects in population models has predicted lower estimates of cohort abundance and survival. Methylmercury, a persistent contaminant in the Great Lakes, has been shown to alter foraging and predator avoidance behaviors of larval Yellow Perch Perca flavescens, which may have indirect effects on recruitment. Poor recruitment of Yellow Perch in Lake Michigan has been associated with changes in trophic structure and adverse habitat conditions, but the potential effects of contaminants have not been fully explored. To test this, we adapted existing larval fish individual‐based models to incorporate laboratory‐derived methylmercury behavioral impairments on a larval Yellow Perch cohort in Lake Michigan. Overall, swimming speed reductions following methylmercury exposure did not drastically affect cohort survival. In contrast, the impairment to prey capture success resulted in an additional 8, 45, and 28% starvation of the cohort in simulations with tissue concentrations of 0.21, 0.95, and 3.14 μg/g total mercury whole‐embryo wet weight, respectively. While our experimental methylmercury concentrations were higher than those typically found in Lake Michigan, our findings suggest that contaminants could be an additional factor impacting recruitment of Yellow Perch in systems highly contaminated with mercury.
Black holes with synchronised Proca hair: linear clouds and fundamental non-linear solutions
Authors: Santos Nuno M. , Benone Carolina L. , Crispino Luís C.B. , Herdeiro Carlos A.R. , Radu Eugen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Recent studies have made key progress on the black hole/solitonic solutions of the Einstein-Proca system. Firstly, fully non-linear dynamical evolutions of the Kerr black hole superradiant instability, triggered by a Proca field, have shown the formation of a new equilibrium state, a spinning black hole with synchronised Proca hair. Secondly, non-linear evolutions of spinning Proca stars have established that they are dynamically stable, unlike their scalar cousins. Thirdly, separability of the Proca equation on the Kerr background has been achieved. Motivated by these results, in this paper we reconsider Kerr black holes with synchronised Proca hair. The separability of the Proca equation on the Kerr background allows us to examine the stationary Proca clouds in greater detail, in particular their dependence on the different quantum numbers. These stationary clouds occur at a set of existence lines in the Kerr parameter space, from which the black holes with synchronised Proca hair bifurcate. We construct the domain of existence of these black holes, comparing the fundamental states missed in the original study with the first excited states and with the cousin scalar model, giving illustrative examples of Kerr-like and non- Kerr-like BHs. In the vanishing event horizon limit, these hairy black holes connect to the fundamental states of spinning Proca stars, which include the dynamically stable solutions.
On a $$\rho $$-Orthogonally Additive Mappings
Authors: Chmieliński Jacek , Sikorska Justyna , Wójcik Paweł 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe show that a real normed linear space endowed with the$$\rho $$ρ-orthogonality relation, in general need not be an orthogonality space in the sense of Rätz. However, we prove that$$\rho $$ρ-orthogonally additive mappings defined on some classical Banach spaces have to be additive. Moreover, additivity (and approximate additivity) under the condition of an approximate orthogonality is considered.