bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glycemic and Non-Glycemic Effects of Teneligliptin
Authors: Pelluri Ranakishor , Srikanth Kongara , Chimakurthy Jithendra , Shaik Rasheed Ahemad , Lavanya R. , Rani N. Vanitha 
Published: May 2020

The gut enzymes are released in response to intake of meal, those are GLP-I (glucagon link peptide-I) & GIP (glucose-dependent insulin tropic polypeptide) along with DPP-4(Dipeptidyl peptidase-4). GLP-I has vital role in control of glucose levels and it may also has capacity reduce body weight and it can manage some micro & macro-vascular complications. Unfortunately it has very shorter half-life 1-2 min, and eventually it was degraded by DPP-4 enzyme. Therefore GLP-I has ineffective to perform its tasks. To overcome this incidence essential to inhibit DPP-4 enzyme is benefited in diabetics and in non diabetics suffering with micro, macro vascular complications. Ubiquitous Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) - 4 has pleiotropic effects because it is widely distributed other than intestine. DPP-4 enzyme inhibition has a promising effect on glycemic control. DPP-4 inhibition is also involved in the improvement of non-glycemic effects as directly or indirectly the DPP-4 enzyme is linked with some pathological conditions of particular organs, such as DPP-4 is linked with the intestinal secretion of triglycerides, and DPP-4 is expressed in the glomerulus in uncontrolled diabetics which in turn leads to nephritis. DPP-4 release strongly correlates with adipocyte size, potentially representing an important source of DPP-4 in obesity. DPP-4 inhibition produces an anti-inflammatory activity because the activity of DPP-4 results in reduced production of cytokines including interleukins and interferon-G. All these anti-inflammatory agents are inhibited by the DPP-4 enzyme which can lead to pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and provokes atherosclerosis & psoriasis. Serum sodium and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are also regulated by inhibition of the DPP-4 enzyme and which can produce vascular protection & regulates blood pressure. Teneligliptin is a recently developed oral DPP-4 inhibitor indicated for the management of T2DM in adults along with diet and exercise. Teneligliptin is recently available in India and is also available in combination with other oral hypoglycemic agents at affordable prices. This review is aimed at exploring the status of teneligliptin with emphasis on its glycemic effects and non-glycemic clinical benefits associated with increasing GLP-1 & GIP.
Low‐dose follicle‐stimulating hormone treatment for polycystic ovarian disease
Authors: Grigoriou O. , Antoniou G. , Antonaki V. , Patsouras C. , Zioris C. , Karakitsos P. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: An attempt was made to induce ovulation with low‐dose follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) in clomifene‐resistant women with anovulatory polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD). Methods: Twenty‐two PCOD patients were treated with a low‐dose protocol of purified urinary FSH, starting with 75 IU/day and increasing every 7 days by 37.5 IU/day, if necessary. Monitoring was based on ultrasound scanning and estradiol measurements. Results: Twenty‐eight of the thirty‐one cycles induced were ovulatory, the majority being uniovulatory (58%). No multiple pregnancies occurred. There was a small number of cancelled cycles (12.9%). The prevalence of complications was low, with one case of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Ovulation was induced by a small amount of FSH (15.1 ± 4.9 ampules). Conclusion: The use of the low‐dose protocol permitted induction of ovulation safely and successfully in a selected group of PCOD patients. This therapy was associated with a high incidence of single dominant follicles and a very low multiple pregnancy rate.
Rare occurrence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in oocyte donors
Authors: Sauer M.V. , Paulson R.J. , Lobo R.A. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: To define the incidence and severity of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) occurring in oocyte donors. Methods: Women (n = 149) aged 31.3 ± 4.8 years (mean ± S.D., range 21–41 years) participated as designated oocyte donors and underwent 400 consecutive cycles of controlled ovarian stimulation using human menopausal gonadotropin following pituitary downregulation with gonadotropin‐releasing agonist. Patients were monitored by serial transvaginal ultrasound examinations and serum estradiol (E2) determinations. Oocytes (15.6 ± 7.5 per aspiration; range 2–57) were harvested by ultrasound‐directed transvaginal follicle aspiration 36 h following the intramuscular injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Follow‐up examination occurred 1 and 2 weeks post‐aspiration. Results: On the day of hCG injection E2 levels ranged from 512 to 13 502 pg/ml (mean 2902.7 ± 1486.9 pg/ml). Over the next few weeks the degree of hyperstimulation in donors was staged: mild 65% (grade I, n = 98; grade II, n = 162); moderate 33.5% (grade III, n = 120; grade IV, n = 14); severe 1.5% (grade V, n = 6; grade VI, n = 0). Associated preaspiration E2 levels were: grade I, 1120 ± 424 pg/ml; grade II, 2084 ± 613 pg/ml; grade III, 3785 ± 1713 pg/ml; grade IV, 5370 ± 1264 pg/ml; grade V, 4286 ± 1100 pg/ml. Worsening OHSS was associated with increasing levels of E2. There were no serious complications and hospitalization was not required. All symptoms resolved within 30 days of aspiration, disappearing by the time of the first menstrual flow in women of grade‐III or lower stage. Conclusion: Although oocyte donors commonly experienced exaggerated levels of serum E2 they rarely (<2%) developed severe OHSS. This may be attributable to their lack of embryo transfer which avoids exacerbating the illness.
Management of stage‐I borderline ovarian tumors
Authors: Ji H. , Yliskoski M. , Anttila M. , Syrjänen K. , Saarikoski S. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the surgical management and outcome of stage‐I borderline ovarian tumors. Methods: A series of 95 cases of FIGO stage‐I borderline ovarian tumors was retrospectively reviewed. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 17.6 to 88.9 years (mean 52.7 years). Serous and mucinous tumors were equally represented (47.5% and 47.4%, respectively), endometrioid and clear cell tumors comprising the remaining three (3.2%) and two (2.1%) cases. Extirpative primary surgery was performed on all patients. Three patients received postoperative chemotherapy. Nineteen of the 28 patients (67.9%) who were younger than 40 years underwent conservative surgery in which ovarian tissue and the uterus were preserved in order to maintain reproductive potential, and nine of them had successful pregnancies later. Ninety patients were followed regularly for 0.75–21.3 years (average 7.3 years). Seven patients suffered a tumor relapse (7.8%) within 0.6–4.3 years, and four (57.1%) of them (three with mucinous tumors, one with clear cell tumor) died of the disease within 1–10.8 years. The 5‐ and 10‐year overall survival rates were 97.0% and 86.3%, respectively, and the disease‐free survival rates were 90.8% in both 5‐ and 10‐year follow‐ups. Conclusions: Even though the prognosis of surgically treated stage‐I borderline ovarian tumors is excellent, mucinous and clear cell sub‐types are associated with potential mortality.
Stillbirths and intrauterine infection, histologic chorioamnionitis and microbiological findings
Authors: Moyo S.R. , Hägerstrand I. , Nyström L. , Tswana S.A. , Blomberg J. , Bergström S. , Ljungh Å. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To analyze whether placental inflammation is associated with stillbirth in Zimbabwe. Method: Placentas from 66 stillbirths (> 22 weeks' gestation; patients with congenital malformations, diabetes or preeclampsia were excluded) and 66 term live births were studied for the presence and severity of chorioamnionitis. The morphological results were compared with earlier presented microbiological findings in the same material. Results: Chorioamnionitis was present in 79% of stillbirths and 30% of live births (O.R. 8.5, 95% C.I. 4.0–18). Nine percent of stillbirths but no live births presented vasculitis of the chorionic plate, which verified an inflammatory response from the infant (O.R. 14, 95% C.I. 2.8–72). The same types of microorganisms were isolated from stillbirths and liveborns, but Escherichia coli and group B streptococci were more frequent among stillbirths. Conclusions: Morphological chorioamnionitis occurred 2.6 times more often in women with stillbirths than in women with live births. In 9% of stillbirths the infant showed an inflammatory response. Thus the infant was alive when the infection occurred and it is therefore reasonable to assume that infection was the cause of death.
Relationship between age, histological type, and size of ovarian tumors
Authors: Okugawa K , Hirakawa T , Fukushima K , Kamura T , Amada S , Nakano H 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To clarify the relationship between age, histological type, and size of ovarian tumors. Method: A review was made of 1648 cases of histopathologically diagnosed ovarian tumors and tumor‐like lesions, and information on the age of the patients and size of the tumor was obtained. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal–Wallis tests or Mann–Whitney U‐tests. Results: There were 840 (51%) cases of benign tumors, 73 (4%) cases of tumors of low malignant potential (LMP), 268 (16%) cases of malignant tumors and 467 (28%) cases of tumor‐like lesions. The age of the patients was significantly different among tumor‐like lesions (34.6±8.1 years), benign tumors (39.8±16.4 years), LMP tumors (45.2±18.3 years) and malignant tumors (51.9±13.0 years) (P<0.0001). The maximum diameter of the tumors was significantly different among tumor‐like lesions (7.1±3.3 cm), benign tumors (10.9±5.6 cm), malignant tumors (13.6±6.5 cm) and LMP tumors (18.5±6.8 cm) (P<0.0001). Conclusion: The distribution of tumor histological type (tumor‐like lesions, benign, LMP and malignant) was correlated against patient age and lesion diameter, with tumors in older patients or larger tumors more likely to be malignant.
Pregnancy‐induced hypertension and hyaline membrane disease
Authors: Carvalho M.A. , Faúndes A. , Santos L.C. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: (1) To determine whether the incidence of hyaline membrane disease (HMD) is different among premature babies of pre‐eclamptic women and those of normotensive controls; (2) to determine the relative risk (RR) of HMD according to the severity of pre‐eclampsia and gestational age. Methods: A retrospective and prospective cohort of 271 pre‐eclamptic women and 271 normotensive controls, with gestational age between 28 and 34 weeks was studied, including only singleton pregnancies, live fetuses and well‐documented gestational age. Exclusion criteria were ruptured membranes > 24 h, other maternal diseases and previous use of corticosteroids. Statistical analysis included relative risk and multiple logistic regression model. Results: The RR of HMD for babies of pre‐eclamptic women was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.78–1.17), and remained unchanged after controlling for gestational age and multiple logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Preterm babies of pre‐eclamptic mothers had the same probability of having HMD as newborns of normotensive mothers.
Maternal and neonatal outcome related to delivery time following premature rupture of membranes
Authors: Pajntar M. , Verdenik I. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To evaluate neonatal and maternal outcomes of PROM deliveries with regard to the time elapsed since preterm rupture of membranes (PROM) to delivery. Method: According to the time elapsed since PROM to delivery we divided all singleton deliveries with PROM after the completed 34th week of gestation (N = 35419), which occurred in Slovenia between 1988 and 1994, into four groups: within 12 h, within 13–24 h, within 25–48 h, and over 48 h after PROM. The analysis was focused on the management of labor, neonatal and maternal infections and perinatal hypoxia with regard to the elapsed time. The Kruskal‐Wallis analysis of variance, the Pearson chi‐square test, Spearman rank correlation test, and the logistic regression test were used. Results: With increasing time elapsed since PROM to delivery we found significantly increased incidences of induced labor, operative delivery, fetal distress, poorer fetal condition at birth, neonatal infections, and minor maternal infections. Conclusion: We may conclude that the best neonatal and maternal outcomes are obtained if delivery occurs within 12 h after PROM.
Radiographic aspects of office hysteroscopic tubal occlusion with siloxane intratubal devices (the Ovabloc® method)
Authors: van der Leij G , Lammes F.B 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To evaluate the importance of radiographs in women sterilized with hysteroscopically applied siloxane intratubal devices (ITDs). Methods: A retrospective study of the frequency of abnormal radiographs in 500 women was carried out. The agreement in judging these radiographs and the expected reliability of the sterilization was measured. Results: Abnormal radiographs were mostly documented in the first 100 sterilization procedures. Agreement in judging the radiographs is substantial. Different agreements on the expected reliability are due to the difference in experience with this sterilization method. Conclusions: Four types of abnormal radiographs can be categorized. Judgment of the radiographs can easily be learned. For the assessment of the reliability, training is necessary.
Induction of labor with intravaginal administration of misoprostol
Authors: Rodrigues R , Nunes F , Tiago D , Avillez T , Vieira A , Meirinho M 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravaginal misoprostol for labor induction. Methods: 110 singleton term pregnancies with or without rupture of membranes were enrolled. Fractionated doses of misoprostol were applied (50–100 μg), every 6 h until a maximum of three doses or beginning of labor. Results: The average interval (±S.D.) from vaginal application to the beginning of active labor and to delivery were, respectively, 9.5±5.7 h and 14.8±9.5 h. Failed labor induction was observed in two cases (2%). Cesarean section rate was 14%. The incidence of tachysystole was 18% and hypersystole 4%, but these situations were associated with abnormal fetal heart rate pattern (hyperstimulation) in only 3%. No maternal side effects and neonatal adverse effects were noted. Conclusions: Intravaginal misoprostol administration with low doses is an effective and safe method for labor induction in term pregnancies, with or without rupture of membranes.
Polymorphism of the β3‐adrenergic‐receptor gene associated with maternal body weight gain and fetal body weight
Authors: Arakawa M , Kurabayashi T , Tomita M , Yahata T , Takakuwa K , Tanaka K 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjective: To investigate whether the polymorphism of the β3‐adrenergic‐receptor (β3‐AR) gene was associated with the maternal and fetal conditions during pregnancy. Method: The association between the genotypes of β3‐AR and clinical phenotypes during pregnancy was analyzed in 92 women (a total of 126 pregnancies). Result: The overall frequency of the Trp64Arg β3‐AR allele in 92 pregnant Japanese women was 20.7%. In 125 pregnancies, excluding one homozygote (51 heterozygote group and 74 wild‐type group), a significant difference in the maternal body weight gain during pregnancy was observed between the heterozygote group and wild‐type group. The heterozygote group had significantly higher neonatal body weights, neonatal body weight index values and placental weights compared with the wild‐type group. Conclusion: The Trp64Arg heterozygous mutation in the β3‐AR gene is associated with not only the increase in the body weight of pregnant Japanese women but also the increase in the weights of their neonate and placentas.
Pregnancy following cardiac valve replacement surgery
Authors: Suri V , Sawhney H , Vasishta K , Renuka T , Grover A 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: To study the outcome of pregnancy in women with artificial heart valves and to compare the maternal and perinatal outcome in mechanical and bioprosthetic valves. Method: Retrospective analysis of 34 pregnancies in 29 women who conceived after cardiac valve replacement was carried out. Results: The majority of women (76.4%) delivered within 5 years of valve replacement. Anticoagulants were administered in 79.4% of pregnancies. Maternal mortality was 2.9% and maternal morbidity in the form of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, valve thrombosis, thromboembolism, bleeding complications and non‐functioning prostheses were 2.9%, 5.8%, 2.9%, 2.9%, 11.7% and 2.9%, respectively. The incidence of prematurity was 5.8% and small for gestational age babies was 11.7%. There was no case of abortion. Two babies (5.8%) were still born, one of which had malformations. Maternal complications were significantly higher in women with bioprostheses, though the complications were more grave in the mechanical prostheses group. The perinatal outcome was almost similar in both the groups. Conclusion: The perinatal outcome was not different in women with bioprosthetic valves from the ones with mechanical prostheses, but the maternal morbidity was more in women with bioprosthetic valves. Coumarin derivatives were safe and effective and did not lead to embryopathy.
Effect of a half dose of tamoxifen on proliferative activity in normal breast tissue
Authors: Bernardes J.R.M. , Nonogaki S. , Seixas M.T. , Rodrigues de Lima G. , Baracat E.C. , Gebrim L.H. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: To investigate the proliferative activity of the mammary gland epithelium and plasma levels of progesterone, estradiol, prolactin, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) and sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) in premenopausal women treated with 10 and 20 mg of tamoxifen (TAM) for 22 days. Patients and methods: A randomized double‐blind study was performed with 43 premenopausal women with a diagnosis of fibroadenoma of the breast. The patients were divided into three groups: A (n=15, placebo); B (n=15, TAM 10 mg/day) and C (n=13, TAM 20 mg/day). They started taking an oral dose of TAM or placebo on the very first day of the menstrual cycle. Lumpectomy was performed on the 22nd day of therapy. Normal breast tissue samples were collected during surgery, immediately immersed in 10% buffered formalin, processed for routine histology and immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) detection. Two peripheral blood samples were collected, both on the 22nd day of the menstrual cycle, in order to evaluate the hormone levels. PCNA expressing epithelial cells were quantified by using a digital program Kontron Image System KS‐300 in 1000 cells (400×). Results: The percentage of cells expressing PCNA was significantly higher in the group receiving placebo (group A, 50.3%) when compared to groups receiving TAM 10 or 20 mg/day (group B, 24.1%; and group C, 23.2%, respectively) (P<0.001). Differences between groups B and C were not significant. Levels of progesterone, estradiol and SHBG were significantly higher in B and C groups compared to group A. Increasing concentrations of FSH (P<0.0045) and lower levels of prolactin (P<0.0055) were only found in the group receiving 20 mg/day of TAM (group C). Conclusions: A 22‐day TAM therapy, either with 10 or 20 mg/day, significantly reduced the PCNA expression and therefore the proliferative activity of the normal human breast tissue. Increasing levels of estradiol, progesterone and SHBG were associated with TAM therapy at 10 or 20 mg/day. However, a significant change of the level of FSH and prolactin was reached only with a 20‐mg/day dose.
Reorganization of chromatin in Xenopus egg extracts: electron microscopic studies
Authors: Pyne Chandra K. 
Published: July 2002

Summry— The structural basis of mitotic condensation of chromosomes is one of the problems of cell biology yet to be elucidated. A variety of approaches have been used to study this problem and a large number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain the different levels of compaction of chromatin. Xenopus egg extracts, now widely used to study various aspects of cell biology, provide a valuable tool to study mitotic condensation of chromosomes. No detailed study has however yet been reported on the submicroscopic organization of condensed chromosomes in vitro in egg extracts. We present here the results of our electron microscopic studies on the organization of condensed chromosomes in vitro, using demembranated sperm nuclei and mitotic (CSF‐arrested) extracts of Xenopus laevis eggs, clarified by high speed centrifugation. Upon introduction of sperm nuclei in egg extracts, the nuclei swell and the chromatin undergoes a rapid decondensation; at this stage the chromatin is formed of 10 nm fibrils. After longer incubation, the chromatin condenses, and by 2 h chromosomal structures can be visualized by staining with DAPI or Hoechst 33258. Our results on the organization of chromosomes in different stages of condensation are discussed in relation to the different hypotheses proposed to explain the process of mitotic condensation of chromosomes. Finally, this study demonstrates the feasibility of high‐resolution analysis of the process of chromosome condensation.
Peripheral nerve lengthening by controlled isolated distraction: a new animal model
Authors: Kroeber Markus W. , Diao Edward , Hida Shin‐Ichi , Liebenberg Ellen 
Published: July 2002

AbstractWe have developed a simple and effective animal model to study the distraction neurogenesis utilizing the sciatic nervelengthening technique in rats. The model allows macroscopic, physiological, and histological evaluation of the distraction site. Fourteen adult Harlan Sprague Dawley rats (300–350 g) were used in this study. A 10 mm segment of the right sciatic nerve of each animal in the nerve‐lengthening group was resected. Gradual nerve lengthening was performed by advancing the proximal nerve stump at a rate of 1 mm/day. The proximal stump neuroma was then resected and a direct nerve anastomosis was performed. On the left side a standard autogenous nerve‐grafting procedure was performed with a 10 mm segment of sciatic nerve used as an in situ nerve graft. Three months after the second surgery, the sciatic nerves were exposed and investigated by gross observation and EMG followed by histological processing and tissue analysis. Neomicrovascularization was observed surrounding the sciatic nerve anastomosis in all five specimens of the nerve‐lengthening group as compared to the more white‐colored scar tissue that was observed in the nerve‐grafting group. The EMG results were similar for both groups. Histological studies of the lengthened nerves showed axon morphology equivalent to the grafted nerves. This study demonstrated a clear evidence of the successful nerve regeneration within a segmental nerve gap by nerve lengthening. © 2001 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.