bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health‐Related Influences of Extending Marital Benefits to Same‐Sex Couples: Results From the California Health Interview Survey
Authors: Elwood William N. , Irvin Veronica L. , Liu Benmei , Lee Richard , Breen Nancy 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveTo explore how incremental California legal changes toward the implementation of same‐sex marriage influenced self‐reported mental and physical health among adult Californians in legal same‐sex marriages and partnerships.MethodsWe analyzed California Health Interview Survey data from 2005 to 2015 to assess the relationship between self‐reported mental and physical health and legal same‐sex marital/partnership status. Physical health was measured using a single self‐report question, mental health using the six‐item Kessler distress scale. Independent variables were sexual identity and legal marital/partner status. Bivariate analyses compared mental and physical health before and after the 2008 California Supreme Court decision affirming marriages as a basic civil or human right. Multivariate analyses tested relationships between marital/partnered status, sexual identity by year after adjusting for sociodemographics.ResultsReports of poor and fair health decreased, reports of very good health increased, and psychological distress scores decreased for legally coupled gay men and lesbians but increased slightly for single lesbians and gay men. Household income increased among espoused lesbians and gay men and decreased among unmarried counterparts.ConclusionsEspoused gay and lesbian respondents were more likely to be employed and to have college educations than unmarried counterparts, perhaps a continuing influence of 2005 California legislation requiring private employers to provide health insurance benefits to employees' same‐sex partners. Our findings suggest that physical and mental health improved for lesbians and gay men once same‐sex marriage became legal throughout California.ImplicationsThese findings demonstrate a need for survey questions to elicit information about marital status and the sex/gender of a respondent's spouse inclusive of sexual and gender identities.
Multi‐hypothesis comparison of Farquhar and Collatz photosynthesis models reveals the unexpected influence of empirical assumptions at leaf and global scales
Authors: Walker Anthony P. , Johnson Abbey L. , Rogers Alistair , Anderson Jeremiah , Bridges Robert A. , Fisher Rosie A. , Lu Dan , Ricciuto Daniel M. , Serbin Shawn P. , Ye Ming 
Published: October 2020

AbstractMechanistic photosynthesis models are at the heart of terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) simulating the daily, monthly, annual and decadal rhythms of carbon assimilation (A). These models are founded on robust mathematical hypotheses that describe how A responds to changes in light and atmospheric CO2 concentration. Two predominant photosynthesis models are in common usage: Farquhar (FvCB) and Collatz (CBGB). However, a detailed quantitative comparison of these two models has never been undertaken. In this study, we unify the FvCB and CBGB models to a common parameter set and use novel multi‐hypothesis methods (that account for both hypothesis and parameter variability) for process‐level sensitivity analysis. These models represent three key biological processes: carboxylation, electron transport, triose phosphate use (TPU) and an additional model process: limiting‐rate selection. Each of the four processes comprises 1–3 alternative hypotheses giving 12 possible individual models with a total of 14 parameters. To broaden inference, TBM simulations were run and novel, high‐resolution photosynthesis measurements were made. We show that parameters associated with carboxylation are the most influential parameters but also reveal the surprising and marked dominance of the limiting‐rate selection process (accounting for 57% of the variation in A vs. 22% for carboxylation). The limiting‐rate selection assumption proposed by CBGB smooths the transition between limiting rates and always reduces A below the minimum of all potentially limiting rates, by up to 25%, effectively imposing a fourth limitation on A. Evaluation of the CBGB smoothing function in three TBMs demonstrated a reduction in global A by 4%–10%, equivalent to 50%–160% of current annual fossil fuel emissions. This analysis reveals a surprising and previously unquantified influence of a process that has been integral to many TBMs for decades, highlighting the value of multi‐hypothesis methods.
Estimating appendicular muscle mass in older adults with consideration on paralysis
Authors: Ueshima Junko , Maeda Keisuke , Murotani Kenta , Shimizu Akio , Nagano Ayano , Sato Keisuke , Ishida Yuria , Mori Naoharu , Suenaga Masaki 
Published: October 2020

AimThis study aimed to develop appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) estimating formulas that also consider the presence of paralysis for older adults and people with disabilities.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed 315 consecutive patients, post‐stroke, aged ≥65 years, in a rehabilitation hospital. Six different ASM estimating formulas were developed using a five‐fold cross‐validation method and compared with the measured ASM obtained from bioelectrical impedance analysis. These formulas included age, gender, height, weight, arm circumference, triceps skinfold, calf circumference and presence of paralysis. Using Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), we examined the correlation between the formulas and the measured ASM. The accuracy of the ASM estimating formula for detecting decreased muscle mass was evaluated using the F‐value and Matthew's correlation coefficient.ResultsPatients' mean ± SD age was 79.0 ± 8.1 years, and 51.4% of them were men. The mean ± SD bioelectrical impedance analysis‐measured ASM was 13.7 ± 4.3 kg. Furthermore, 241 (76.5%) patients had decreased measured ASM. The mean adjusted R2 of the developed six formulas was 0.861–0.871. In all formulas, the r and ICC of the estimated ASM for the measured ASM were strong (r = 0.936–0.930 and ICC = 0.928–0.934). These formulas revealed excellent sensitivity (86.0–88.2%), specificity (72.5–81.1%), accuracy (0.838–0.870), F‐value (0.899–0.918) and Matthew's correlation coefficient (0.509–0.612) for measured ASM depletion.ConclusionsWe successfully developed ASM estimating formulas using anthropometric measurements considering the presence of paralysis. Thus, these formulas are beneficial for diagnosing sarcopenia in older adults, without requiring any special equipment. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 1145–1150.
Short‐Lasting Unilateral Neuralgiform Headache With Conjunctival Injection and Tearing (SUNCT) Improves With Bilateral Ventral Tegmental Area Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: Evidente Virgilio Gerald H. , Ponce Francisco A. , Evidente Maris H. , Garrett Robin , Lambert Margaret 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundShort‐lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) is a severe headache disorder characterized by clustered episodes of extreme pain. Refractory to most interventions, ipsilateral unilateral ventral tegmental area (VTA) deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been previously reported to be efficacious in 14 cases.Methods and ResultsHerein, we report the first case of an individual with medically refractory SUNCT who underwent bilateral VTA DBS. The patient experienced better improvement of his headaches with bilateral stimulation compared to unilateral stimulation. He also had a return of severe headaches within a few hours after his stimulator was switched off during sleep, with rebound worsening of his headaches over several days. The main side effects were double vision and difficulty focusing while reading, which were observed primarily with unipolar stimulation that required high voltages, high frequencies, and multiple negative contacts to control the headaches. The side effects were minimized with bipolar and interleaving stimulation with comparable control of his headaches.ConclusionBilateral VTA DBS may be effective in alleviating medical refractory SUNCT.
Implementing culturally competent transplant care and implications for reducing health disparities: A prospective qualitative study
Authors: Gordon Elisa J. , Romo Elida , Amórtegui Daniela , Rodas Alejandra , Anderson Naomi , Uriarte Jefferson , McNatt Gwen , Caicedo Juan Carlos , Ladner Daniela P. , Shumate Michelle 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundDespite available evidence‐based interventions that decrease health disparities, these interventions are often not implemented. Northwestern Medicine's® Hispanic Kidney Transplant Program (HKTP) is a culturally and linguistically competent intervention designed to reduce disparities in living donor kidney transplantation (LDKT) among Hispanics/Latinos. The HKTP was introduced in two transplant programs in 2016 to evaluate its effectiveness.ObjectiveThis study assessed barriers and facilitators to HKTP implementation preparation.MethodsInterviews and group discussions were conducted with transplant stakeholders (ie administrators, nurses, physicians) during implementation preparation. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) guided interview design and qualitative analysis.ResultsForty‐four stakeholders participated in 24 interviews and/or 27 group discussions. New factors, not found in previous implementation preparation research in health‐care settings, emerged as facilitators and barriers to the implementation of culturally competent care. Implementation facilitators included: stakeholders’ focus on a moral imperative to implement the HKTP, personal motivations related to their Hispanic heritage, and perceptions of Hispanic patients’ transplant education needs. Implementation barriers included: stakeholders’ perceptions that Hispanics’ health insurance payer mix would negatively impact revenue, a lack of knowledge about LDKT disparities and patient data disaggregated by ethnicity/race, and a perception that the family discussion component was immoral because of the possibility of coercion.Discussion and ConclusionsOur study identified novel barriers and facilitators to the implementation preparation of a culturally competent care intervention. Healthcare administrators can facilitate organizations’ implementation of culturally competent care interventions by understanding factors challenging care delivery processes and raising clinical team awareness of disparities in LDKT.
Exploring patient and pharmacist perspectives on complex interventions for cardiovascular prevention: A qualitative descriptive process evaluation
Authors: Campbell David J. T. , Saunders‐Smith Terry , Manns Braden J. , Tonelli Marcello , Ivers Noah , Hemmelgarn Brenda R. , Tsuyuki Ross T. , Pannu Raj , King‐Shier Kathryn 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Assessing outcomes of enhanced Chronic disease Care through patient Education and a value‐baSed formulary Study (ACCESS) is a randomized controlled trial evaluating two interventions targeting barriers to care among those at high risk of cardiovascular disease: copayment elimination for cardioprotective medications, and a tailored self‐management support programme. We designed a process evaluation to better understand participant perspectives on the interventions.DesignWe used a qualitative descriptive study design, collecting patient and pharmacist feedback via individual semi‐structured telephone interviews and in‐person focus groups. Data were analysed inductively using thematic analysis.ResultsFifty‐three patients (39 interviews and 14 in two focus groups) and 20 pharmacists participated. Copayment elimination provided quality of life benefits: minimizing the need to 'cut‐back', allowing 'peace of mind' and providing emotional support. Health‐related benefits included: improving adherence to covered medications, and helping to afford non‐covered goods. The only criticism was that not all medications and testing supplies were covered. Patients reported that the educational materials provided helpful information, acted as a reminder, improved confidence, improved adherence to medication, and helped initiate conversations with providers about indicated medication. Some participants felt that the educational materials were repetitive, overly medication‐focused and not tailored enough. Pharmacists felt that their patients benefitted from both interventions, which improved patient adherence and communication with their patients.ConclusionThe success of interventions intended to change behaviour is largely dependent upon participant's feelings that the intervention is helpful. This process evaluation provided insights into participants' perceptions on these interventions. Reception of both was largely positive with a few criticisms noted.
Colorectal adenocarcinomas diagnosed following a negative faecal immunochemical test show high‐risk pathological features in a colon screening programme
Authors: Steel Michael J. , Bukhari Hussam , Gentile Laura , Telford Jennifer , Schaeffer David F. 
Published: October 2020

AimsThe faecal immunochemical test (FIT) is used every 2 years to screen average‐risk British Columbians aged 50–74 years, with follow‐up colonoscopy for positive results. Non‐screen‐detected colorectal adenocarcinomas are defined as those detected within 25 months following a negative FIT. We aimed to more clearly characterise these malignancies.Methods and resultsA medical chart and focused pathology review of colorectal malignancies from 926 individuals who completed FIT in the British Columbia Colon Screening Program in 2014, and whose pathology reports were available for review, was conducted. This cohort was divided into two groups: individuals with colorectal adenocarcinomas diagnosed following a positive FIT (screen‐detected) and individuals with colorectal adenocarcinoma diagnosed within 25 months of a negative FIT (FIT‐interval cancers). Rates of clinically relevant pathological parameters, as outlined in the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC), 8th edition, were compared between the screen‐detected and FIT‐interval cancer groups. A total of 876 screen‐detected and 50 FIT‐interval cancers were identified. FIT‐interval cancers exhibited higher rates of high‐grade differentiation (including poorly differentiated and undifferentiated cases; P < 0.01) and aggressive histotype (signet ring cell and mucinous carcinomas; P < 0.01) than did screen‐detected cancers after Bonferroni correction. Colorectal adenocarcinoma diagnosed after a negative FIT may therefore be associated with worse prognostic determinants than screen‐detected cancers.ConclusionFIT‐interval cancers are associated with high‐risk pathological features; the possibility that more aggressive, fast‐growing lesions which arise in the interval after truly negative FITs cannot be ruled out. Further study of a larger cohort of FIT‐interval cancers controlling for interaction among the different pathologic parameters will be undertaken.
Effectiveness of a formulation containing peptides and vitamin C in treating signs of facial ageing: three clinical studies
Authors: Escobar S. , Valois A. , Nielsen M. , Closs B. , Kerob D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectiveVitamin C and peptides are widely used in cosmetic products but there is a paucity of clinical studies showing that the formulations are effective in treating signs of facial ageing. These 3 clinical studies evaluated the effectiveness of an anti‐ageing formula containing natural vitamin C (10%), biopeptides (rice and lupin), hyaluronic acid, and Vichy volcanic mineralising water, in amber glass ampoules with no preservatives (Peptide‐C ampoules).MethodsDansyl chloride fluorescence labelling compared cell turnover for Peptide‐C ampoules vs untreated skin in 32 female subjects. Study 2, an open clinical study, evaluated the efficacy on wrinkles of Peptide‐C ampoules by investigator clinical scoring based on Dynamical Atlas visual assessment (N = 40) and subject self‐assessment questionnaires (N = 47). Study 3, an open clinical study, evaluated wrinkles by instrumental quantification with 3D fringe projection analysis (N = 40) and subject questionnaires (N = 51).ResultsThe mean cell turnover was faster for skin treated with Peptide‐C ampoules compared to untreated skin (17.1 days vs. 19.2 days; P < 0.0001). In study 2, after 28 days application of Peptide‐C ampoules, clinical grading of crow’s‐feet wrinkles, forehead wrinkles and nasolabial folds decreased by 9%, 11% and 5%, respectively (all P < 0.05 vs baseline). Of 47 subjects, 77%, 64% and 79% indicated their skin seemed smoothed out, fine lines were less visible, and skin complexion was more radiant, respectively. In study 3, the number of wrinkles decreased by 11.5% after 29 days application of Peptide‐C ampoules vs baseline (P < 0.05) and 65% of subjects responded the fine lines were less visible.ConclusionThis formulation of a combination of anti‐ageing ingredients in ampoules, allowing a minimalist formula, showed significant results on improving facial wrinkles and radiance.
ABH damping of monolithic silica glass cantilever by structural and material modification using fs laser micromachining
Authors: Tomita Kana , Kishi Tetsuo , Yano Tetsuji , Vlugter Pieter , Bellouard Yves 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCombining femtosecond laser exposure with chemical etching enables the fabrication of arbitrary 3D shapes in fused silica with micron precision. Here, we investigate the use of this process combined with additional tuning of the material properties for controlling the vibrational behavior of silica microcantilevers through an acoustic black hole (ABH) effect. This effect, caused by a tapered profile at the cantilever's end, enables the trapping of propagating acoustic waves. Such cantilevers with ABH design show a remarkable amplitude decrease in the resonance peak without adding any damping material as demonstrated experimentally. Finally, using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we observe residual effects of the laser exposure at the surface of the specimen that have noticeable influence on the dynamic behavior of the device.
Optimization of the detection of inhibitory autoantibodies against the VWF‐cleaving protease ADAMTS13 with an automated chemiluminescent ADAMTS13 activity immunoassay
Authors: Jacquemin Marc , Van Horenbeeck Isa , Debasse Mirjam , Toelen Jelle , Schoeters Joke , Vanlinthout Ingrid , Peerlinck Kathelijne , Dierickx Daan , Van Laer Christine 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionAcquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura is a rare disease associated with the production of autoantibodies against the VWF‐cleaving protease ADAMTS13. The detection of these antibodies is made difficult by the instability of ADAMTS13 in citrated plasma and the time‐consuming ADAMTS13 assays. The aim of our study was to evaluate the optimal conditions for detecting anti‐ADAMTS13 inhibitory antibodies with the novel automated chemiluminescent immunoassay HemosILR AcuStar ADAMTS13 Activity assay.MethodsThe parallelism between the AcuStar ADAMTS13 calibration curve and ADAMTS13 concentrations in serially diluted citrated plasma was evaluated after 2 hours incubation at 25°C, 37°C, or 37°C after addition of Ca2+ to preserve the activity of the metalloprotease. Using Bethesda assays based on the 3 incubation procedures and the HemosILR AcuStar ADAMTS13 Activity assay, the inhibitor titers were determined in patients’ samples with ADAMTS13 antibodies and compared with those determined using the TechnozymR ADAMTS13 activity ELISA.ResultsThe criterion of parallelism was respected for the 3 incubation methods over the range of ADAMTS13 concentrations relevant for the detection of ADAMTS13 inhibitor antibodies in a Bethesda assay. In agreement with this observation, all the incubation methods permitted the accurate detection and quantification of inhibitory anti‐ADAMTS13 antibodies in the samples from patients with acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.ConclusionIncubation of plasma samples with normal plasma at 25°C, 37°C, or 37°C after addition of Ca2+ can be used in a Bethesda assay for quantifying the inhibitory activity of antibodies interfering with ADAMTS13 in the chemiluminescent HemosILR AcuStar ADAMTS13 Activity assay.
Social networking sites: Can midwives and nurses working with adolescent mothers harness their potential value?
Authors: Nolan Samantha J. , Hendricks Joyce , Williamson Moira , Ferguson Sally L. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimThis paper aims to discuss social networking sites as potentially salutogenic, culturally relevant extensions to maternity care provision for adolescent mothers.BackgroundStudies report that online networking may enhance social capital, a concept linked to enhanced well‐being, particularly for marginalized individuals. Improving outcomes for adolescent mothers is an ongoing global strategy; thus, this paper has relevance for all professionals involved in their care.DesignThis is a discussion paper.Data SourcesThis paper draws on the authors' research and is supported by literature and theory. Key terms and Boolean operators were used to identifiy English‐language papers published in January 1995 to January 2019 in nine databases and Google Scholar databases.Implications for nursingDespite limited evidence specific to adolescent mothers, contextual studies suggest that social networking sites may enhance well‐being. Nurses and midwives need to understand adolescent mothers' use of online networks to aid development of innovative, health‐enhancing care strategies using adolescent‐familiar modalities.ConclusionThis paper highlights the need for further research regarding the value of professional engagement in online networks to enhance an adolescent's transition to motherhood.
Enhancing upconversion luminescence and thermal sensing properties of Er/Yb co‐doped oxysulfide core‐shell nanocrystals
Authors: Jiao Jianxin , Liu Yuwei , Wang Hong , Yin Xiumei , Xing Mingming , Luo Xixian , Tian Ying 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe development of noncontact thermal probe based on stable inorganic materials of trivalent lanthanide (Ln3+) doped phosphors with nontoxicity is of vital importance for their promising applications in bio‐medical fields. Here we explore the upconversion luminescence and thermal sensing properties of Er3+, Yb3+ co‐doped oxysulfide in a broad temperature range of 300‐583 K. It was found that constructing an active shell with an optimum concentration of sensitizers is an efficient way to improve both the luminescent intensities and thermal sensitivity. Compared with the core‐only sample, the luminescent intensity of the Y2O2S: Er3+, Yb3+@ Y2O2S: 5%Yb3+ sample is significantly enhanced by 12‐fold at excitation of 980 nm. While further increasing the Yb3+ concentration in the shell activates new quenching pathways of Er3+ → Yb3+ → quencher from the core to the shell. Similar quenching mechanisms are also observed at excitation of 1550 nm. These energy transfer processes and luminescence mechanisms are verified in the fluorescence decay measurements. Furthermore, coating the core sample with an active shell doped by 10% Yb3+ enhances the thermal sensitivity by 30%, holding a high and stable sensitivity more than 50 × 10−4 K−1 in a broad temperature range of 423‐573 K at 980 nm excitation. In addition, at the much safer excitation wavelength of 1550 nm, this sample achieved the maximum sensitivity of 45 × 10−4 K−1 at 503 K. Our work contributes a feasible and versatile way to promote the luminescence and thermal sensing properties of Ln3+‐based materials, combining with the nontoxic oxysulfide host, indicating their potential applications as safe fluorescent and temperature nano‐probes in bio‐field.