bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sucrose Octasulfat – Evidenz in der Behandlung chronischer Wunden
Authors: Dissemond Joachim , Augustin Matthias , Dietlein Michael , Keuthage Winfried , Läuchli Severin , Lobmann Ralf , Münter Karl-Christian , Stücker Markus , Traber Jürg , Vanscheidt Wolfgang , Strohal Robert 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungBei Patienten mit chronischen Wunden sollte neben einer ursächlichen Therapie auch immer eine Wundbehandlung erfolgen. Wiederholt wurde in diesem Kontext über die unzureichende Evidenz von Wundheilungsprodukten diskutiert. An dem Beispiel von TLC(„technology lipido-colloid“)-Sucrose Octasulfat wird in der vorliegenden Übersichtsarbeit gezeigt, dass auch in diesem Bereich eine aussagekräftige Datenlage mit guter Evidenz und Vergleichbarkeit vorliegt. Ein therapeutischer Ansatzpunkt, die Wundheilung zu fördern, ist die Hemmung von Matrixmetalloproteinasen beispielsweise durch Sucrose Octasulfat. Für Wundprodukte mit TLC-Sucrose Octasulfat wurden in den letzten Jahren mehrere, aufeinander aufbauende klinische Studien durchgeführt. Die WHAT-Studie war eine offene RCT (randomisierte kontrollierte Studie) mit 117 Patienten mit Ulcus cruris venosum. Bei der CHALLENGE-Studie handelte es ich um eine doppelblind durchgeführte RCT mit 187 Patienten mit Ulcus cruris venosum. Die SPID-Studie war eine Pilotstudie mit 33 Patienten mit diabetischem Fußulkus (DFU). In 2 prospektiven, multizentrischen klinischen Pilotstudien NEREIDES und CASSIOPEE wurden insgesamt 88 Patienten mit Ulcera crurum in verschiedenen Heilungsphasen untersucht. In der REALITY-Studie erfolgte eine gepoolte Datenanalyse über 8 Anwenderbeobachtungen mit 10.220 Patienten mit chronischen Wunden unterschiedlicher Genese. In der doppelblinden, zweiarmigen EXPLORER-RCT wurden 240 Patienten mit neuroischämischem DFU erstmalig bis zur vollständigen Abheilung untersucht. In allen Studien konnte eine signifikante Förderung der Wundheilung durch den Einsatz von Wundheilungsprodukten mit TLC-Sucrose Octasulfat gezeigt werden.
Creep in oak material from the Vasa ship: verification of linear viscoelasticity and identification of stress thresholds
Authors: Afshar R. , Cheylan M. , Almkvist G. , Ahlgren A. , Gamstedt E. K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCreep deformation is a general problem for large wooden structures, and in particular for shipwrecks in museums. In this study, experimental creep data on the wooden cubic samples from the Vasa ship have been analysed to confirm the linearity of the viscoelastic response in the directions where creep was detectable (T and R directions). Isochronous stress–strain curves were derived for relevant uniaxial compressive stresses within reasonable time spans. These curves and the associated creep compliance values justify that it is reasonable to assume a linear viscoelastic behaviour within the tested ranges, given the high degree of general variability. Furthermore, the creep curves were fitted with a one-dimensional standard linear solid model, and although the rheological parameters show a fair amount of scatter, they are candidates as input parameters in a numerical model to predict creep deformations. The isochronous stress–strain relationships were used to define a creep threshold stress below which only negligible creep is expected. These thresholds ranges were 0.3–0.5 MPa in the R direction and 0.05–0.2 MPa in the T direction.
Does immigration decrease far-right popularity? Evidence from Finnish municipalities
Authors: Lonsky Jakub 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAcross Europe, far-right parties have made significant electoral gains in recent years. Their anti-immigration stance is considered one of the main factors behind their success. Using data from Finland, this paper studies the effect of immigration on voting for the far-right Finns Party on a local level. Exploiting a convenient setup for a shift-share instrument, I find that a 1 percentage point increase in the share of foreign citizens in a municipality decreases the Finns Party’s vote share by 3.4 percentage points. Placebo tests using pre-period data confirm this effect is not driven by persistent trends at the municipality level. The far-right votes lost to immigration are captured by the two pro-immigration parties. Turning to potential mechanisms, immigration is found to increase voter turnout, potentially activating local pro-immigration voters. Moreover, the negative effect is only present in municipalities with high initial exposure to immigrants, consistent with the intergroup contact theory. Finally, I also provide some evidence for the welfare-state channel as a plausible mechanism behind the main result.
Four Cultural Narratives for Managing Social-ecological Complexity in Public Natural Resource Management
Authors: Kirsop-Taylor Nick A. , Hejnowicz Adam P. , Scott Karen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPublic Natural Resource Management (NRM) agencies operate in complex social-ecological domains. These complexities proliferate unpredictably therefore investigating and supporting the ability of public agencies to respond effectively is increasingly important. However, understanding how public NRM agencies innovate and restructure to negotiate the range of particular complexities they face is an under researched field. One particular conceptualisation of the social-ecological complexities facing NRM agencies that is of growing influence is the Water–Energy–Food (WEF) nexus. Yet, as a tool to frame and understand those complexities it has limitations. Specifically, it overlooks how NRMs respond institutionally to these social-ecological complexities in the context of economic and organisational challenges—thus creating a gap in the literature. Current debates in public administration can be brought to bear here. Using an organisational cultures approach, this paper reports on a case study with a national NRM agency to investigate how they are attempting to transform institutionally to respond to complexity in challenging times. The research involved 12 elite interviews with senior leaders from Natural Resources Wales, (NRW) and investigated how cultural narratives are being explicitly and implicitly constructed and mobilised to this end. The research identified four distinct and sequential cultural narratives: collaboration, communication, trust, and empowerment where each narrative supported the delivery of different dimensions of NRW’s social-ecological complexity mandate. Counter to the current managerialist approaches in public administration, these results suggest that the empowerment of expert bureaucrats is important in responding effectively to complexity.
Focal HIFU therapy for anterior compared to posterior prostate cancer lesions
Authors: Huber Philipp M. , Afzal Naveed , Arya Manit , Boxler Silvan , Dudderidge Tim , Emberton Mark , Guillaumier Stephanie , Hindley Richard G. , Hosking-Jervis Feargus , Leemann Lucas , Lewi Henry , McCartan Neil , Moore Caroline M. , Nigam Raj , Odgen Chris , Persad Raj , Virdi Jaspal , Winkler Mathias , Ahmed Hashim U. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective
To compare cancer control in anterior compared to posterior prostate cancer lesions treated with a focal HIFU therapy approach.

Materials and methods
In a prospectively maintained national database, 598 patients underwent focal HIFU (Sonablate®500) (March/2007–November/2016). Follow-up occurred with 3-monthly clinic visits and PSA testing in the first year with PSA, every 6–12 months with mpMRI with biopsy for MRI-suspicion of recurrence. Treatment failure was any secondary treatment (ADT/chemotherapy, cryotherapy, EBRT, RRP, or re-HIFU), tumour recurrence with Gleason ≥ 3 + 4 on prostate biopsy without further treatment or metastases/prostate cancer-related mortality. Cases with anterior cancer were compared to those with posterior disease.

Results
267 patients were analysed following eligibility criteria. 45 had an anterior focal-HIFU and 222 had a posterior focal-HIFU. Median age was 64 years and 66 years, respectively, with similar PSA level of 7.5 ng/ml and 6.92 ng/ml. 84% and 82%, respectively, had Gleason 3 + 4, 16% in both groups had Gleason 4 + 3, 0% and 2% had Gleason 4 + 4. Prostate volume was similar (33 ml vs. 36 ml, p = 0.315); median number of positive cores in biopsies was different in anterior and posterior tumours (7 vs. 5, p = 0.009), while medium cancer core length, and maximal cancer percentage of core were comparable. 17/45 (37.8%) anterior focal-HIFU patients compared to 45/222 (20.3%) posterior focal-HIFU patients required further treatment (p = 0.019).

Conclusion
Treating anterior prostate cancer lesions with focal HIFU may be less effective compared to posterior tumours.
Ergebnisse der Sicca-Forschungsförderung 2016
Authors: Musayeva A. , Gericke A. , Jäger F. , Paulsen F. , Braun M. , Fabry B. , Braun R. , Pauly D. , Holtmann C. , Geerling G. ,   Sicca-Preis-Jury, Geerling Gerd , Goldblum David , Horwath-Winter Jutta , Jacobi Christina , Kaden Reinhard , Kaercher Thomas , Messmer Elisabeth , Paulsen Friedrich , Schwarzkopff Johannes , Zierhut Manfred 
Published: July 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Sicca-Förderpreis unterstützt die Entwicklung wissenschaftlicher Arbeiten zu Pathogenese, Diagnostik und Therapie des trockenen Auges und Augenoberflächenerkrankungen. Er wird nach befristeter Ausschreibung im deutschsprachigen Raum, schriftlicher Antragstellung und Preisträgerauswahl nach Begutachtung durch ein Jurorengremium aus grundlagen- und klinisch-wissenschaftlich arbeitenden Augenärzten vergeben. In diesem Beitrag werden beispielhaft die Ergebnisse geförderter Projekte des Sicca-Förderpreises 2016 kursorisch dargestellt, deren Ergebnisse im Rahmen der Augenärztliche Akademie Deutschland 2019 vorgestellt wurden, und damit ein Einblick in die aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Entwicklungen skizziert. Dabei wird die Rolle der Muskarinrezeptoren sowie jene des Harnstoffs in der Pathogenese des trockenen Auges ebenso beleuchtet wie die (fehlende) Korrelation der Tränenfilminstabilität, -viskosität und Oberflächenspannung. Wegweisend sind auch ein Projekt zur Frühdetektion der okulären Beteiligung bei der Graft-versus-Host-Disease und der Gedanke, eine Meibom-Drüsen-Dysfunktion mit lidchirurgischen Techniken zu behandeln. Die skizzierten Projekte stellen das Potenzial für weitere substanzielle Entwicklungen zu Verständnis, Diagnostik und Therapie des trockenen Auges dar. Ihre langfristige klinische Relevanz muss jedoch noch etabliert werden.
Impact of ocean resolution and mean state on the rate of AMOC weakening
Authors: Jackson L. C. , Roberts M. J. , Hewitt H. T. , Iovino D. , Koenigk T. , Meccia V. L. , Roberts C. D. , Ruprich-Robert Y. , Wood R. A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe examine the weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in response to increasing CO$$_2$$

2

at different horizontal resolutions in a state-of-the-art climate model and in a small ensemble of models with differing resolutions. There is a strong influence of the ocean mean state on the AMOC weakening: models with a more saline western subpolar gyre have a greater formation of deep water there. This makes the AMOC more susceptible to weakening from an increase in CO$$_2$$

2

since weakening ocean heat transports weaken the contrast between ocean and atmospheric temperatures and hence weaken the buoyancy loss. In models with a greater proportion of deep water formation further north (in the Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian basin), deep-water formation can be maintained by shifting further north to where there is a greater ocean-atmosphere temperature contrast. We show that ocean horizontal resolution can have an impact on the mean state, and hence AMOC weakening. In the models examined, those with higher resolutions tend to have a more westerly location of the North Atlantic Current and stronger subpolar gyre. This likely leads to a greater impact of the warm, saline subtropical Atlantic waters on the western subpolar gyre resulting in greater dense water formation there. Although there is some improvement of the higher resolution models over the lower resolution models in terms of the mean state, both still have biases and it is not clear which biases are the most important for influencing the AMOC strength and response to increasing CO$$_2$$

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.
Small extracellular vesicles secreted from human amniotic fluid mesenchymal stromal cells possess cardioprotective and promigratory potential
Authors: Takov Kaloyan , He Zhenhe , Johnston Harvey E. , Timms John F. , Guillot Pascale V. , Yellon Derek M. , Davidson Sean M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) exhibit antiapoptotic and proangiogenic functions in models of myocardial infarction which may be mediated by secreted small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). However, MSCs have frequently been harvested from aged or diseased patients, while the isolated sEVs often contain high levels of impurities. Here, we studied the cardioprotective and proangiogenic activities of size-exclusion chromatography-purified sEVs secreted from human foetal amniotic fluid stem cells (SS-hAFSCs), possessing superior functional potential to that of adult MSCs. We demonstrated for the first time that highly pure (up to 1.7 × 1010 particles/µg protein) and thoroughly characterised SS-hAFSC sEVs protect rat hearts from ischaemia–reperfusion injury in vivo when administered intravenously prior to reperfusion (38 ± 9% infarct size reduction,p < 0.05). SS-hAFSC sEVs did not protect isolated primary cardiomyocytes in models of simulated ischaemia–reperfusion injury in vitro, indicative of indirect cardioprotective effects. SS-hAFSC sEVs were not proangiogenic in vitro, although they markedly stimulated endothelial cell migration. Additionally, sEVs were entirely responsible for the promigratory effects of the medium conditioned by SS-hAFSC. Mechanistically, sEV-induced chemotaxis involved phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signalling, as its pharmacological inhibition in treated endothelial cells reduced migration by 54 ± 7% (p < 0.001). Together, these data indicate that SS-hAFSC sEVs have multifactorial beneficial effects in a myocardial infarction setting.
Increased RyR2 activity is exacerbated by calcium leak-induced mitochondrial ROS
Authors: Hamilton Shanna , Terentyeva Radmila , Martin Benjamin , Perger Fruzsina , Li Jiaoni , Stepanov Andrei , Bonilla Ingrid M. , Knollmann Björn C. , Radwański Przemyslaw B. , Györke Sandor , Belevych Andriy E. , Terentyev Dmitry 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCardiac disease is associated with deleterious emission of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mito-ROS), as well as enhanced oxidation and activity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release channel, the ryanodine receptor (RyR2). The transfer of Ca2+ from the SR via RyR2 to mitochondria is thought to play a key role in matching increased metabolic demand during stress. In this study, we investigated whether augmented RyR2 activity results in self-imposed exacerbation of SR Ca2+ leak, via altered SR-mitochondrial Ca2+ transfer and elevated mito-ROS emission. Fluorescent indicators and spatially restricted genetic ROS probes revealed that both pharmacologically and genetically enhanced RyR2 activity, in ventricular myocytes from rats and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) mice, respectively, resulted in increased ROS emission under β-adrenergic stimulation. Expression of mitochondrial Ca2+ probe mtRCamp1h revealed diminished net mitochondrial [Ca2+] with enhanced SR Ca2+ leak, accompanied by depolarization of the mitochondrial matrix. While this may serve as a protective mechanism to prevent mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, protection is not complete and enhanced mito-ROS emission resulted in oxidation of RyR2, further amplifying proarrhythmic SR Ca2+ release. Importantly, the effects of augmented RyR2 activity could be attenuated by mitochondrial ROS scavenging, and experiments with dominant-negative paralogs of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter (MCU) supported the hypothesis that SR-mitochondria Ca2+ transfer is essential for the increase in mito-ROS. We conclude that in a process whereby leak begets leak, augmented RyR2 activity modulates mitochondrial Ca2+ handling, promoting mito-ROS emission and driving further channel activity in a proarrhythmic feedback cycle in the diseased heart.
Microvascular and lymphatic dysfunction in HFpEF and its associated comorbidities
Authors: Cuijpers Ilona , Simmonds Steven J. , van Bilsen Marc , Czarnowska Elżbieta , González Miqueo Arantxa , Heymans Stephane , Kuhn Annika R. , Mulder Paul , Ratajska Anna , Jones Elizabeth A. V. , Brakenhielm Ebba 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a complex heterogeneous disease for which our pathophysiological understanding is still limited and specific prevention and treatment strategies are lacking. HFpEF is characterised by diastolic dysfunction and cardiac remodelling (fibrosis, inflammation, and hypertrophy). Recently, microvascular dysfunction and chronic low-grade inflammation have been proposed to participate in HFpEF development. Furthermore, several recent studies demonstrated the occurrence of generalized lymphatic dysfunction in experimental models of risk factors for HFpEF, including obesity, hypercholesterolaemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, and aging. Here, we review the evidence for a combined role of coronary (micro)vascular dysfunction and lymphatic vessel alterations in mediating key pathological steps in HFpEF, including reduced cardiac perfusion, chronic low-grade inflammation, and myocardial oedema, and their impact on cardiac metabolic alterations (oxygen and nutrient supply/demand imbalance), fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte stiffness. We focus primarily on HFpEF caused by metabolic risk factors, such as obesity, T2DM, hypertension, and aging.
Predictors of complete miscarriage after expectant management or misoprostol treatment of non-viable early pregnancy in women with vaginal bleeding
Authors: Fernlund Anna , Jokubkiene Ligita , Sladkevicius Povilas , Valentin Lil 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeTo identify predictors of complete miscarriage after expectant management or misoprostol treatment of non-viable early pregnancy in women with vaginal bleeding.MethodsThis was a planned secondary analysis of data from a published randomized controlled trial comparing expectant management with vaginal single dose of 800 µg misoprostol treatment of women with embryonic or anembryonic miscarriage. Predefined variables—serum-progesterone, serum-β-human chorionic gonadotropin, parity, previous vaginal deliveries, gestational age, clinical symptoms (bleeding and pain), mean diameter and shape of the gestational sac, crown-rump-length, type of miscarriage, and presence of blood flow in the intervillous space—were tested as predictors of treatment success (no gestational sac in the uterine cavity and maximum anterior–posterior intracavitary diameter was ≤ 15 mm as measured with transvaginal ultrasound on a sagittal view) in univariable and multivariable logistic regression.ResultsVariables from 174 women (83 expectant management versus 91 misoprostol) were analyzed for prediction of complete miscarriage at ≤ 17 days. In patients managed expectantly, the rate of complete miscarriage was 62.7% (32/51) in embryonic miscarriages versus 37.5% (12/32) in anembryonic miscarriages (P = 0.02). In multivariable logistic regression, the likelihood of success increased with increasing gestational age, increasing crown-rump-length and decreasing gestational sac diameter. Misoprostol treatment was successful in 80.0% (73/91). No variable predicted success of misoprostol treatment.ConclusionsComplete miscarriage after expectant management is significantly more likely in embryonic miscarriage than in anembryonic miscarriage. Gestational age, crown-rump-length, and gestational sac diameter are independent predictors of success of expectant management. Predictors of treatment success may help counselling women with early miscarriage.
Clinical and radiological differences between patients with probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy and mixed cerebral microbleeds
Authors: Jensen-Kondering Ulf R. , Weiler Caroline , Langguth Patrick , Larsen Naomi , Flüh Charlotte , Kuhlenbäumer Gregor , Jansen Olav , Margraf Nils G. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The key imaging features of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) are lobar, cortical, or cortico-subcortical microbleeds, macrohaemorrhages and cortical superficial siderosis (cSS). In contrast, hypertensive angiopathy is characterized by (micro) haemorrhages in the basal ganglia, thalami, periventricular white matter or the brain stem. Another distinct form of haemorrhagic microangiopathy is mixed cerebral microbleeds (mixed CMB) with features of both CAA and hypertensive angiopathy. The distinction between the two entities (CAA and mixed CMB) is clinically relevant because the risk of haemorrhage and stroke should be well balanced if oral anticoagulation is indicated in CAA patients. We aimed to comprehensively compare these two entities.

Methods
Patients with probable CAA according to the modified Boston criteria and mixed CMB without macrohaemorrhage were retrospectively identified from our database. Comprehensive comparison regarding clinical and radiological parameters was performed between the two cohorts.

Results
Patients with CAA were older (78 ± 8 vs. 74 ± 9 years, p = 0.036) and had a higher prevalence of cSS (19% vs. 4%, p = 0.027) but a lower prevalence of lacunes (73% vs. 50%, p = 0.018) and deep lacunes (23% vs. 51%, p = 0.0003) compared to patients with mixed CMB. Logistic regression revealed an association between the presence of deep lacunes and mixed CMB. The other collected parameters did not reveal a significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusions
CAA and mixed CMB demonstrate radiological differences in the absence of macrohaemorrhages. However, more clinically available biomarkers are needed to elucidate the contribution of CAA and hypertensive angiopathy in mixed CMB patients.
Retention of tree-related microhabitats is more dependent on selection of habitat trees than their spatial distribution
Authors: Asbeck Thomas , Messier Christian , Bauhus Jürgen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHabitat trees, which provide roosting, foraging and nesting for multiple taxa, are retained in managed forests to support biodiversity conservation. To what extent their spatial distribution influences provisioning of habitats has rarely been addressed. In this study, we investigated whether abundance and richness of tree-related microhabitats (TreMs) differ between habitat trees in clumped and dispersed distributions and whether the abundance of fifteen groups of TreMs is related to tree distribution patterns. To identify habitat trees, we quantified TreMs in temperate mountain forests of Germany. We determined clumping (the Clark–Evans index), size of the convex hull, diameter at breast height, as well as altitude, slope and aspect of sites for their possible influence on TreMs. We additionally determined the difference in TreM abundance and richness among four options of selecting five habitat trees per ha from 15 candidates: (a) the most clumped trees, (b) five randomly selected and dispersed trees, (c) the single tree with highest abundance or richness of TreMs and its four closest neighbors and (d) a “reference selection” of five trees with known highest abundance or richness of TreMs irrespective of their distribution. The degree of clumping and the size of the convex hull influenced neither the abundance nor richness of TreMs. The reference selection, option (d), contained more than twice the number of TreMs compared to the most clumped, (a), or random distributions, (b), of five habitat trees, while option (c) assumed an intermediate position. If the goal of habitat tree retention is to maximize stand-level abundance and richness of TreMs, then it is clearly more important to select habitat trees irrespective of their spatial pattern.