bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DOSE-EXPOSURE SIMULATION FOR PIPERACILLIN-TAZOBACTAM DOSING STRATEGIES IN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN
Authors: Thibault Céline , Kassir Nastya , Théorêt Yves , Varin France , Litalien Catherine , Autmizguine Julie 
Published: October 2020

Background: Extended piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP) infusions have been associated with favorable outcomes. There are currently no pediatric dosing recommendations.
Objective: To determine appropriate TZP dosing strategies in children 2 months – 6 years according to age and different minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs).
Methods: Age and weight were simulated for 1000 children. Post-hoc pharmacokinetic parameter estimates were generated using published clearance and volume of distribution data. For different dosing regimens, we estimated the probability of target attainment (PTA) over a range of MICs from 4 to 128 mg/L. The pharmacodynamic (PD) target was defined as free piperacillin concentrations above the MIC for ≥ 50% of the dosing interval. A PTA ≥ 90% was defined as optimal.
Results: PTA decreased as MIC and age increased. In all age groups, standard dosing regimens (240-300 mg/kg/day, 0.5h infusions) failed to reach PTAs ≥ 90% at MICs ≥ 16 mg/L. Standard 0.5h infusions reached PTAs ≥ 90% at MICs up to 8 mg/L in infants > 2 to 6m. No 0.5h infusion reached PTAs ≥ 90% for MICs ≥ 4 mg/L in children > 6m. While none of the tested regimens were optimal at MICs > 16 mg/L in children > 6m, 100 mg/kg/dose every 6h as a 3h infusion reached PD target at MICs of 32 mg/L in infants > 2 to 6m.
Conclusion: Up to MICs of 16 mg/L, 90 mg/kg/dose every 8h as a 2h infusion in infants > 2 to 6m and 100 mg/kg/dose every 8h as a 4h infusion in children > 6m-6y achieved PTAs ≥ 90%.
Problem of manganese in Russian metallurgy
Authors: Dashevskii V. Ya. , Aleksandrov A. A. , Zhuchkov V. I. , Leont’ev L. I. 
Published: October 2020

Ferrous metallurgical industry is the main consumer of m nese. The production volume of manganese ferroalloys in the world is approximately 1 % of steel production. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russian Federation found itself without any manganese ore base. At present, only high-carbon ferromanganese and ferrosilicomanganese are smelted from imported ore in Russia in a limited quantity. The mineral and raw base of manganese ores in Russia is quite large: the balance reserves of manganese ores are about 230 million tons (approximately 2 % of the world), forecast resources – more than 1 billion tons. Quality of the manganese ores is lower than the manganese ores of most major producing countries. Average manganese content in Russian ores is 9 – 23 %. Basis of mineral and raw base of these manganese ores are carbonate ores, share of which is more than 77 %. Manganese ore mining in Russia is sporadic and does not exceed 66 thousand tons per year. Demand of Russian ferroalloy plants, producing manganese ferroalloys, in manganese ores and concentrates is covered by imports. The problem of accelerating the creation of domestic manganese ore base from the position of economic security seems to be very important. It is necessary to solve a number of issues related to the enrichment of poor manganese ores, development of effective technologies for manganese ferroalloys smelting from concentrates obtained after the enrichment of these ores, as well as creation of more advanced methods of manganese concentrates dephosphorization. In the production of manganese ferroalloys from ore to finished alloys, about 50 % of manganese mined from the subsoil is lost; a large number of by-products are formed (sludges of enrichment, slags, screenings of small fractions of ore raw materials and finished products, sludges of smelting process and dust). The use and processing of them allow not only to reduce the consumption of initial mineral raw materials, but also to increase the efficiency of main production and to reduce environmental pollution. Additional extraction of manganese from industrial wastes and improvement of the technological processes for manganese ferroalloys smelting are the ways to increase the through extraction of manganese.
Kemoradyoterapi ile Tedavi Edilen Lokal İleri Nazofarinks Karsinomlu Olgularda Bcl-2 ve CD9 Ekspresyonunun Prognostik Önemi
Authors: MENTEŞ Selahattin , CAN Özlem , SOYUR Serdar 
Published: October 2020

Amaç: Nazofarins kanserleri, diğer baş ve boyun kanserlerinden etiyolojik, epidemiyolojik, histopatolojik özellikler, biyolojik davranış ve tedavileri açısından önemli farklılıklar gösterir. Apopitotik uyarıcılara direnç sağlayan bir gen olan Bcl-2 ve CD9'un tümör hücresi proliferasyonu ve metastazı ile ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. CD9 varlığı pozitif prognostik faktör olarak kabul edilir.
Materyal ve Metod: Erciyes Universitesi Onkoloji Hastanesindeki 18 yaşından büyük kemoradyoterapi ile tedavi edilen lokal ileri 40 nazofarinks kanserli hasta araştırılmıştır. Bu olguların genel sağkalım, lokal kontrol, hastalıksız sağkalım ve prognostik faktörleri değerlendirildi. Bu hastaların parafin bloklarında immünohistokimyasal yöntemle CD9 ve Bcl-2 araştırıldı ve diğer klinikopatolojik parametrelerle karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Bcl-2 pozitif ve negatif vakalar arasında 5 yıllık hastalıksız sağkalım, genel sağkalım ve lokal kontrol açısından anlamlı fark bulunmadı (sırasıyla p = 0.811, p = 0.845 ve p = 0.442). Genel sağ kalım, lokal kontrol ve hastalıksız sağ kalım için prognostik faktörler olarak Bcl-2 pozitifliği veya negatifliğini anlamlı gösteremedik (p> 0.05). CD9 pozitif grupta 5 yıllık lokal kontrol açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulundu (p = 0.047).
Sonuç: Nazofaringeal karsinomlu hastalarda CD9 pozitifliği veya negatifliği için prognostik bir değeri açıkça gözlemlemek. Nazofaringeal karsinomlu hastalarda 5 yıllık hastalıksız sağkalım açısından CD9 pozitifliği veya negatifliği için prognostik bir değer gözlemlendik. Ancak CD9 pozitifliği ve negatifliğinin prognostik değeri olup olmadığını gösteremedik.
Analisis Implementasi Pembiayaan Mudharabah dalam Perkembangan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Almahmudi Nufi Mu'tamar 
Published: October 2020

Perbankan syariah saat ini mengalami perkembangan yang pesat di Indonesia. Akan tetapi dalam aplikasinya sebagian masyarakat masih berasumsi bahwa bank syariah hanyalah sebuah label yang digunakan untuk menarik simpati masyarakat muslim dalam bidang perbankan. Akad mudharabah menjadi salah satu produk yang digunakan di perbankan syariah. Tulisan ini mencoba menyajikan uraian terkait akad mudharabah dari konsep fikih klasik ke kontemporer dan penerapanya di bank syariah dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis. Prinsip kehati-hatian merupakan sesuatu yang harus diperhatikan oleh perbankan dalam pemberian pembiayaan atau pendanaan, prinsip ini yang mengharuskan perbankan syariah memodifikasi konsep mudharabah, sehingga dapat diaplikasikan dan dikembangkan pada dunia perbankan pada kondisi kekinian. Adapun perbedaan konsep akad mudharabah dari teori ke praktek terlihat pada penentuan nisbah bagi hasil mudharabah, penetapan masa kontrak/ jangka waktu mudharabah, mempersyaratkan agunan, serta pihak yang menanggung kerugian. (Islamic banking is currently experiencing rapid development in Indonesia. However, in its application, some people still assume that Islamic banks are only a label that is used to attract the sympathy of the Muslim community in the banking sector. Mudharabah contract is one of the products used in Islamic banking. This paper tries to present a description of the mudharabah contract from the classical fiqh concept to the contemporary and its application in Islamic banks using descriptive analysis methods. The principle of prudence is something that must be considered by banks in the provision of financing or funding, this principle which requires Islamic banks to modify the concept of mudharabah, so that it can be applied and developed in the banking world to the present conditions. The difference in the concept of mudharabah contract from theory to practice can be seen in the determination of mudharabah profit sharing ratio, stipulation of the contract period/ mudharabah period, requiring collateral, and the party that bears the loss.)
Pengaruh Media Cerita Bergambar Dan Literasi Membaca Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Rusmono  , Alghazali Muhammad Iqbal 
Published: October 2020

Ketercapaian hasil belajar melalui proses pembelajaran yang tepat merupakan urgensi yang harus segera diimplementasikan, oleh karena itu penenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari pengaruh media cerita bergambar dan literasi membaca terhadap hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian dilaksanakan di kelas IV SDN Majalengka Kulon II dan SDN Majalengka Wetan VII. Desain penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan treatment by level 2 x 2. Analisis data menggunakan analisis varian 2 jalur (ANOVA). Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, yaitu (1) adanya perbedaan hasil belajar siswa yang belajar menggunakan media komik pembelajaran dengan media teks bergambar, (2) adanya interaksi antara media komik pembelajaran dan literasi membaca terhadap hasil belajar siswa sekolah dasar, (3) hasil belajar siswa yang memiliki literasi membaca tinggi menggunakan media komik pembelajaran lebih tinggi dibandingkan siswa yang memiliki literasi membaca tinggi yang menggunakan media teks bergambar, (4) hasil belajar siswa yang memiliki literasi membaca rendah yang menggunakan media komik pembelajaran lebih rendah dibandingkan siswa yang memiliki literasi membaca rendah yang menggunakan media teks bergambar.
Container-aided Integrative QTL and RNA-seq Analysis of Collaborative Cross Mice Supports Distinct Sex-Oriented Molecular Modes of Response in Obesity
Authors: Binenbaum Ilona , Atamni Hanifa Abu-Toamih , Fotakis Georgios , Kontogianni Georgia , Koutsandreas Theodoros , Pilalis Eleftherios , Mott Richard , Himmelbauer Heinz , Iraqi Fuad A. , Chatziioannou Aristotelis A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse population is a valuable resource to study the genetic basis of complex traits, such as obesity. Although the development of obesity is influenced by environmental factors, underlying genetic mechanisms play a crucial role in the response to these factors. The interplay between the genetic background and the gene expression pattern can provide further insight into this response, but we lack robust and easily reproducible workflows to integrate genomic and transcriptomic information in the CC mouse population.Results: We established an automated and reproducible integrative workﬂow to analyse complex traits in the CC mouse genetic reference panel at the genomic and transcriptomic levels. We implemented the analytical workﬂow to assess the underlying genetic mechanisms of host susceptibility to diet induced obesity and integrated these results with diet induced changes in the hepatic gene expression of susceptible and resistant mice. Hepatic gene expression diﬀers signiﬁcantly between obese and non-obese mice, with a signiﬁcant sex eﬀect, where male and female mice exhibit diﬀerent responses and coping mechanisms.Conclusion: Integration of the data showed that diﬀerent genes but similar pathways are involved in the genetic susceptibility and disturbed in diet induced obesity. Genetic mechanisms underlying susceptibility to high-fat diet induced obesity are different in female and male mice. The clear distinction we observed in the systemic response to the high-fat diet challenge and to obesity between male and female mice points to the need for further research into distinct sex-related mechanisms in metabolic disease.
Challenges of acute peritoneal dialysis in extremely-low-birth-weight infants: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Noh Jihyun , Kim Chae Young , Jung Euiseok , Lee Joo Hoon , Park Young-Seo , Lee Byong Sop , Kim Ellen Ai-Rhan , Kim Ki-Soo 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) has been used occasionally in extremely-low-birth-weight (ELBW) infants with acute kidney injury (AKI). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of ELBW infants with AKI treated with PD.Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the medical records of ELBW infants with AKI, who underwent PD from January 2008 to February 2018, were reviewed. A PD catheter (7.5–9.0 Fr) or central venous catheter (4 Fr) was used for the peritoneal access. Treatment with PD solutions (2.5 or 4.25%) was started at 10 mL/kg, which was increased to 20–30 mL/kg for 60–120 min/cycle continuing for 24 hours.Results: Twelve ELBW infants (seven male and five female infants) were treated, and their mean (±SD) gestational age and birth weight were 27.2 (±3.3) weeks and 706.5 (±220.5) g, respectively. Two patients had severe perinatal asphyxia (5-min Apgar score ≤ 3). The most important indication for starting PD was AKI due to sepsis. The average (±SD) duration of PD was 9.4 (± 7.7) days. The potassium levels in the ELBW infants with hyperkalemia decreased from 6.8 to 5.0 mg/mL after 9.3 (± 4.4) days. The most common complication of PD was mechanical dysfunction of the catheters, such as dialysate leakage (75 %). Two patients were successful weaned off PD. The mortality rate of the infants treated with PD was 91.7 %.Conclusions: In this series, the mortality rate of ELBW infants with AKI treated with PD was relatively high because of their incompletely developed organ systems. Therefore, the use of PD should be carefully considered for the treatment of ELBW infants with AKI in terms of decisions regarding resuscitation.
Lysyl oxidase polymorphisms influence the risk of cancer: an update meta-analysis
Authors: Mongkolrob Rungrawee , Tharabenjasin Phuntila , Bualuang Aporn , Pabalan Noel 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The genetics of cancer metastasis is important for designing optimal therapeutic strategies. The lysyl oxidase (LOX) gene has been found important in the metastatic process, with roles in setting the microenvironment for future metastatic sites. Associations between the LOX polymorphisms (473G/A and -22G/C) have been examined in several studies, however, results were inconsistent, prompting a meta-analysis in order to obtain more precise estimates.Searches of six databases yielded 14 articles (15 studies) that examined associations of 473G/A and -22G/C with cancer. We examined five cancer groups: breast, lung, bone (osteosarcoma), GIC (gastrointestinal cancers) and GYC (gynecological cancers). For each cancer group, we calculated pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using standard genetic models. High significance (Pa < 0.00001), homogeneity (I2 = 0%) and high precision of effects (CI difference < 1.0 [upper CI-lower CI]) comprised the three criteria for strength of evidence (SOE). Multiple comparisons were Bonferroni-corrected. Sensitivity analysis assessed robustness of the outcomes.Thirteen significant associations indicating increased risk (OR > 1.00) were found in all cancer groups except breast (Pa = 0.10-0.91). Of the 13, two were in osteosarcoma where the -22G/C effects (ORs 4.05-4.07, 95% CIs 1.30-12.70, Pa = 0.02) were homogeneous (I2 = 0%) but imprecise (CIDs 11.4) and did not survive the Bonferroni correction. In contrast, the Bonferroni-surviving dominant/codominant outcomes in lung cancer (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.19-1.74) and GYC (ORs 1.52-1.62, 95% CIs 1.26-1.88) met all three SOE criteria (Pa = 0.00001, I2 = 0%, CIDs 0.49-0.56).In summary, associations of LOX 473G/A with lung, ovarian and cervical cancers indicate 1.4-1.6-fold increased risks. These outcomes were underpinned by robustness and high statistical power at the aggregate level.
Assessment of choriocapillary blood flow changes in response to half-dose photodynamic therapy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy using optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Liu Juejun , Chen Changzheng , Li Lu , Xu Yishuang , Yi Zuohuizi , He Lu , Zheng Hongmei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a newly developed imaging quantitative technique for analysis of choriocapillaris (CC) flow changes, thereby exploring the pathological mechanism of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CCSC) and the therapeutic effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this study, we sought to quantify the blood flow changes in CC of CCSC patients receiving half-dose PDT using OCTA.Methods: A total of 28 affected eyes and 24 unaffected eyes of 26 CCSC patients receiving half-dose PDT, and 40 eyes of 20 healthy gender- and age-matched subjects were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The proportion of total areas of flow signal voids (FSV, %) in CC level of OCTA was assessed in both eyes of the CCSC patients at baseline and repeated in multiple sections at 1-week, 1-month, 3-month and 6-month intervals after PDT. In addition, the CC patterns in response to PDT at early stage and the subsequent morphologic changes were qualitatively documented using OCTA.Results: For affected eyes, FSV at 6-m follow-up was significantly lower than that at 1-m follow-up (p=0.036). When compared to normal control eyes, FSV in affected eyes was significantly higher at 1-m, 3-m and 6-m follow-up (p<0.05 for all), and FSV in unaffected eyes was significantly higher at baseline, 1-w, 1-m and 3-m follow-up (p<0.05 for all). Three CC patterns of early response to PDT were identified, including signs of recovery with more even flow signals, transient appearance of worse ischemia and secondary neovascularization within CC level.Conclusion: Abnormal CC flow attenuation remains in completely resolved eyes of CCSC patients treated with half-dose PDT.
An adaptive nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control for yaw stability control of bus based on STI tire model
Authors: Sun Xiaoqiang , Wang Yujun , Cai Yingfeng , Wong PakKin , Chen Long 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a novel adaptive nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode (ANFTSM) control scheme for yaw stability control (YSC) is proposed to improve the bus curve driving stability and safety on slippery roads. There are three major contributions in the design process of the bus YSC system. The first contribution is that the STI (Systems Technologies Inc.) tire model, which can effectively reflect the coupling relationship between the tire longitudinal force and lateral force, is established based on experimental data and firstly adopted in the bus YSC system design. The second contribution is a novel YSC strategy based on ANFTSM, which has the merits of fast transient response, finite time convergence and high robustness against uncertainties and external disturbances. The third contribution is that the robust least-squares allocation method is used to solve the optimal allocation problem of the tire forces, whose objective is to achieve the desired direct yaw moment through the effective distribution of the brake force of each tire. To verify the feasibility, effectiveness and practicality of the proposed bus YSC approach, the TruckSim-Simulink co-simulation results are finally provided.
Influence of inoculated gut bacteria on the development of Bactrocera dorsalis and on its susceptibility to the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae
Authors: Gichuhi Joseph , Khamis Fathiya , Berg Johnnie Van den , Mohamed Samira , Ekesi Sunday , Herren Jeremy K. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Symbiotic interactions between insects and bacteria have been associated with a vast variety of physiological, ecological and evolutionary consequences for the host. A wide range of bacterial communities have been found in association with the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), an important pest of cultivated fruit in most regions of the world. We evaluated the diversity of gut bacteria in B. dorsalis specimens from several populations in Kenya and investigated the roles of individual bacterial isolates in the development of axenic (germ-free) B. dorsalis fly lines and their responses to the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae.Results: We sequenced 16S rRNA to evaluate microbiomes and coupled this with bacterial culturing. Bacterial isolates were mono-associated with axenic B. dorsalis embryos. The shortest embryonic development period was recorded in flies with an intact gut microbiome while the longest period was recorded in axenic fly lines. Similarly, larval development was shortest in flies with an intact gut microbiome, in addition to flies inoculated with Providencia alcalifaciens. Adult B. dorsalis flies emerging from embryos that had been mono-associated with a strain of Lactococcus lactis had decreased survival when challenged with a standard dosage of M. anisopliae ICIPE69 conidia. However, there were no differences in survival between the germ-free lines and flies with an intact microbiome.Conclusions: These findings will contribute to the selection of probiotics used in artificial diets for B. dorsalis rearing and the development of improved integrated pest management strategies based on entomopathogenic fungi.
SLC2A3 promotes macrophage infiltration by glycolysis reprogramming in gastric cancer
Authors: Yao Xingxing , He Zhanke , Qin Caolitao , Deng Xiangqian , Bai Lan , Li Guoxin , Shi Jiaolong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Tumors display a high rate of glucose metabolism and the SLC2A (also known as GLUT) gene family may be central regulators of cellular glucose uptake. However, roles of SLC2A family in mechanism of metabolite communication with immunity in gastric cancer remains unknown.Methods: Bioinformatics analysis and IHC staining were used to reveal the expression of SLC2A3 in gastric cancer and the correlation with survival prognosis. Real-time PCR, western blots, OCR, ECAR, lactate production and glucose uptake assays were applied to determine the effect of SLC2A3 on glycolysis reprogramming. We then investigated the consequences of SLC2A3 upregulation or inhibition on aerobic glycolysis, also explored the underlying mechanism. Bioinformatics analysis and in vitro and in vivo research were used to reveal the role of SLC2A3 in macrophage infiltration and transition.Results: Here, we show that SLC2A3 acts as a tumor promoter and accelerates aerobic glycolysis in GC cells. Mechanistically, the SLC2A3-STAT3-SLC2A3 feedback loop could promote phosphorylation of the STAT3 signaling pathway and downstream glycolytic targeting genes. Moreover, SLC2A3 potentially contributes to M2 subtype transition of macrophage infiltration in the GC microenvironment.Conclusions: SLC2A3 could be used as a prognostic biomarker to determine prognosis and immune infiltration in GC and may provide an intervention strategy for GC therapy.