bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal Preparation of High-entropy Boride-silicon Carbide Ceramics
Authors: Zhang Yan , Sun Shi-Kuan , Guo Wei-Ming , Xu Liang , Zhang Wei , Lin Hua-Tay 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
High-entropy boride-silicon carbide (HEB-SiC) ceramics were fabricated by using boride-based powders prepared from borothermal and boro/carbothermal reduction methods. The effects of processing routes of HEB powders were examined between borothermal reduction and boro/carbothermal reduction. HEB-SiC ceramics with nearly relatively full density (>98%) were prepared after spark plasma sintering at 2000oC. It was demonstrated that the addition of SiC led to the slightly microstructure coarsening. The HEB-SiC ceramics prepared from boro/carbothermal reduction powders showed the fine-grained microstructure and higher Vickers’ hardness but lower fracture toughness values as compared with the same composition prepared from borothermal reduction powders. These results indicated that the selection of the powder processing method and the addition of SiC phase could contribute to the optimal preparation of high-entropy boride based ceramics.
The Value of Continuous Nursing in Patients After Cardiac Mechanical Valve Replacement
Authors: Li Sai-lan , Zhou Sheng-huo , Lin Yanjuan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the value of continuous nursing in patients after cardiac valve replacement. Methods: The clinical data of 116 patients after cardiac mechanical valve replacement from January 2017 to January 2018 were analysed retrospectively. According to the nursing mode, the patients were divided into two groups: the continuous nursing group (group A, n=56) and the conventional nursing group (group B, n=60). Results: The continuous nursing group exhibited significantly decreased SAS and SDS scores 1 year after surgery compared to the preoperative SAS and SDS scores(P<0.05). The SAS and SDS scores of the continuous nursing group were significantly better than those of the traditional nursing group 1 year after surgery(P<0.05). There were 4 patients with anticoagulant complications after discharge in the continuous nursing group, and 13 cases of anticoagulant complications in the conventional nursing group. There was a significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Continuous nursing improves patient compliance with treatment and reduces the occurrence of postoperative anticoagulation complications. The patient also receives proper psychological evaluations, which relieve patient anxiety and depression.
The Effect of Postpartum Depression on Infant Feeding Practice in Sub-Saharan African Countries: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Handiso Demelash Woldeyohannes , Tekalegn Yohannes , Sahiledengle Biniyam , Ermias Dejene 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Postpartum depression (PND) is a type of mood disorder that affects women after childbirth. Despite the detailed research related to these maternal and infant health outcomes, the relationship between postpartum depression and infant breastfeeding remains ambiguous. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of maternal postpartum depression on infant feeding practice in Sub-Saharan African Countries.Method: This systematic review and meta-analysis was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for relevant articles. STATA version 14 was used to calculate the pooled effect size with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of postpartum depression on infant feeding practice using the DerSimonian and Laird random effects meta-analysis. The heterogeneity and publication bias was assessed by using I2 test statistics and Egger’s test respectively.Result: Total of 1058 published and unpublished article were retrieved from different data bases. Finally four studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria for this systematic review and meta- analysis. This meta-analysis found that postpartum depression has no significant effect on the infant feeding practices (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.18, 1.14).Conclusion: We did not find sufficient evidence to conclude the effect of postpartum depression on infant feeding practice. Thus, the investigators strongly recommend the researchers to conducted randomised control trail studies in Sub-Sahara African countries.
Prevalence of Eclampsia and its Maternal-fetal outcomes at Ghandi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia, 2019. Retrospective study
Authors: Yeshambel Addisu , Anmut Walellign 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Eclamptic disorder of pregnancy is one of the common problems in sub-Saharan countries and forms one of the deadly triads along with hemorrhage and infection which complicates maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancy. To assess the prevalence of eclampsia and its maternal and fetal outcome in Ghandi Memorial Hospital, Addis Ababa Ethiopia, 2019.Methods: A descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study was used on randomly selected 185 women who attended delivery at Ghandi memorial Hospital from 1st of September 2017 to –last of August 2018. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 software. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate frequencies and percentages and data was presented using texts and, tables. Results: Out of the 2,973 deliveries, the prevalence of eclampsia was found to be 16.1%. About 89.7% had reported a history of prior pregnancy-induced hypertension and 73.5% induced their current pregnancy following eclampsia. From mothers required interventions to terminate the pregnancy by induction, 47.8% ended by cesarean section secondary to non-reassuring fetal status (29.2%). The majority (91.9%) had taken magnesium sulfate for the management of convulsion and 86.5% had taken hydralazine for hypertension management. Abruption of the placenta (96.2%), postpartum-hemorrhage (89.2%), and HEELP syndrome (83.8 %) were major maternal adverse outcomes reported, and 33% of pregnancy was ended as stillbirth followed by low birth weight (28.6%). Over 53.6% of delivered babies had an APGAR score of less 4 and 30.4% of neonates required admission to nursery/NICU referral. Conclusion: The prevalence of eclampsia was high, with corresponding high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Increasing early detection before pregnancy, antenatal screening, and use of magnesium sulfate to control convulsions will reduce the disorder and associated morbidity and mortality for both mother and fetus.
Low serum apolipoprotein A 1 is an indicator of severity in patients with coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Yang Yayun , Zhu Zhe , Fan Lingyan , Ye Shuyuan , Lou Kehong , Hua Xin , Huang Zuoan , Shi Qiaoyun , Gao Guosheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Recently, dyslipidaemia was observed in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in severe cases. This study aimed to explore the predictive value of blood lipid levels for COVID-19 severity.Methods: All patients with COVID-19 admitted to HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, from January 23 to April 20, 2020, were included in this retrospective study. General clinical characteristics and laboratory data (including blood lipid parameters) were obtained, and their predictive values for the severity were analysed.Results: In total, 142 consecutive patients with COVID-19 were included. The non-severe group included 125 cases, and 17 cases were included in the severe group. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) at baseline were significantly lower in the severe group. ApoA1 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were recognized as independent risk factors for COVID-19 severity. ApoA1 had the highest area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) among all the single markers (AUC: 0.896, 95% CI: 0.834-0.941). Moreover, the risk model established using ApoA1 and IL-6 enhanced the predictive value (AUC: 0.977, 95% CI: 0.932-0.995). On the other hand, ApoA1 levels were elevated in the severe group during treatment, and there was no significant difference between the severe and non-severe groups during the recovery stage of the disease.Conclusion: The blood lipid profile in severe COVID-19 patients is quite different from that in non-severe cases. Serum ApoA1 could severe as a good indictor to reflect the severity of COVID-19.
Prognostic Impact of Remnant-like Particle Cholesterol in Patients with Differing Glucose Metabolic Status: an Observational Cohort Study from China
Authors: Zhao Qi , Zhang Ting-Yu , Cheng Yu-Jing , Ma Yue , Xu Ying-Kai , Yang Jia-Qi , Zhou Yujie 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: It is uncertain whether remnant-like particle cholesterol (RLP-C) could predict residual risk in patients under different glucose metabolic status. The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between RLP-C and adverse prognosis in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and identify the potential impact of glucose metabolism on the predictive value of RLP-C.Methods: The study enrolled 2419 patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent PCI at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January to December 2015. RLP-C was calculated as follows: total cholesterol (TC) minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The primary endpoint was a composite of events as follows: all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), and ischemia-driven revascularization.Results: RLP-C was significantly associated with adverse prognosis in the total population [hazard ratio (HR) 1.291 per 1-SD increase of RLP-C, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.119-1.490, p <0.001], independent of confounding risk factors. However, subgroup analysis showed that increasing RLP-C was shown to be associated with higher risk of adverse event only in the diabetic population [HR 1.385 per 1-SD increase of RLP-C, 95% CI 1.183-1.620, p <0.001]. RLP-C failed to be a significant determinant of adverse prognosis in the pre-diabetic and non-diabetic population. The addition of RLP-C to baseline model significantly enhanced the predictive value for adverse event both in total and diabetic population.Conclusions: Higher RLP-C level is a significant and independent predictor of adverse prognosis in diabetic patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent PCI.
A possible link between improper use of carbapenems and prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae in a hospital
Authors: Chai Zhonglin , Yang Yuxin , Liu Jia , Murad Muhammad , Min Zongsu , Lu Jing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae made the treatment difficult, which has become a major issue of public health. A sharp increase of carbapenem-resistance rate in Klebsiella pneumoniae was observed in a maternity and child health care hospital in Zunyi, China, in 2014.To investigate the cause and epidemiology of the carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKp) in the affected hospital.Methods: In 2015-2016, CRKp isolated from all the clinical samples were analyzed to identify the carbapenem-resistance genes. They were then fingerprinted in order to determine their genetic relationship. Clinical data such as usage of imipenem in 2012-2016 and the nosocomial infection surveillance data were analyzedResults: Thirty five isolates of CRKp out of 4328 various pathogens were obtained and blaNDM-1 was identified to be the most common resistant gene present in the CRKp isolates. The fingerprint analysis identified 15 major clusters of CRKp isolates. The bacteria with close proximity relationship tended to be from the same wards. However, a few CRKp isolates from different wards were found to be genetically highly related. The clinical data showed a significantly higher usage of carbapenems in 2012-2013, before the CRKp rate sharply increased in 2014. The nosocomial infection surveillance showed unexpected high rate of failures to meet the requirement of the hospital environment hygiene and hand hygiene in the neonatal ward.Conclusion: The increasing isolation rate of CRKp was associated with poorly regulated usage of carbapenems, impropriate medical practices and the poor hospital environmental hygiene and hand hygiene.
Influence of Severity of Infection on the Effect of Appropriate Antimicrobial Therapy for Acinetobacter baumannii Bacteremic Pneumonia
Authors: Kang Fang-Yu , How Chorng-Kuang , Wang Yung-Chih , Cheng Aristine , Yang Ya-Sung , Kuo Shu-Chen , Liu Chang-Pan , Liu Yuag-Meng , Chen Te-Li , Lee Yi-Tzu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe impact of appropriate antimicrobial therapy for A. baumannii bacteremic pneumonia has not been well established due to the inclusion of the three phenotypically indistinguishable Acinetobacter species and confounding factors including underlying diseases and severity of infection. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the impact of appropriate antimicrobial therapy on 14-day mortality in A. baumannii bacteremic pneumonia patients after adjusting for risk factors. MethodsThis study was conducted at five medical centers in Taiwan between July 2012 and June 2016. A. baumannii species identification was performed using reference molecular methods. Risk factors for 14-day mortality were analyzed via logistic regression. The interaction between the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score and appropriate antimicrobial therapy was assessed using the logistic model. ResultsA total of 336 patients with monomicrobial A. baumannii bacteremic pneumonia were included in this study. The overall 14-day mortality rate was 47.3%. The crude mortality of appropriate antimicrobial therapy was 35.9% (57 of 151 patients). Appropriate antimicrobial therapy was associated with a lower mortality after multivariate adjustment (odds ratio [OR], 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.34-0.97; p = 0.04), and the effect was influenced by APACHE II score (OR for interaction term, 0.0098; 95% CI, 0.0005-0.1885; p = 0.002). Further analysis demonstrated that appropriate antimicrobial therapy significantly reduced 14-day mortality among the patients with an APACHE II score >35 (OR 0.0098; 95% CI 0.0005-0.1885). ConclusionAppropriate antimicrobial therapy decreases 14-day mortality of the most severely ill patients with A. baumannii bacteremic pneumonia.
Carriage of ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria by houseflies captured in a hospital and its suburban surroundings in Ethiopia
Authors: Tufa Tafese B , Fuchs Andre , Wienemann Tobias , Eggers Yannik , Abdissa Sileshi , Schneider Marlen , Jensen Björn-Erik Ole , Bode Johannes G. , Pfeffer Klaus , Häussinger Dieter , Mackenzie Colin , Orth Hans Martin , Feldt Torsten 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Local data from the Asella Referral and Teaching Hospital in the town of Asella, Ethiopia reveal a high prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase- (ESBL) producing Gram-negative bacteria in clinical isolates. To investigate a possible route of transmission, we determined the colonization rate of houseflies with ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria in the hospital compound and in the town of Asella. Methods: Houseflies were collected in August 2019 from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), the orthopedic ward, the hospital’s waste disposal area, and from a butchery situated 1.5 km from the hospital. After trapping, the flies were macerated and suspended in sterile normal saline. The suspensions were inoculated on MacConkey agar and incubated overnight. Species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed using Vitek®-MS and VITEK® 2. Results: In total, 103 bacterial isolates were obtained from 85 flies (NICU: 11 isolates from 20 flies, orthopedic ward: 10 isolates from 20 flies, waste disposal area: 37 isolates from 26 flies, butchery: 45 isolates from 27 flies). The prevalence of ESBL-producing bacteria in collected flies was 82%, 90%, and 59% in NICU, orthopedic ward and the waste disposal area, respectively and 2% (1/45) in the butchery. The difference between flies trapped inside and outside the hospital compound was statistically significant (p≤0.001). The frequency of ESBL was 67% (6/9) in Raoultella spp. 67% (4/6) in Kluyvera spp., 56% (5/9) in Enterobacter spp., 50% (5/10) in E. coli and Citrobacter spp., and 44% (8/18) in Klebsiella spp.. Of the 41 ESBL-genes detected, 83% were CTX-M-like, 80% TEM-like, 22% SHV-like, and 2% CTX-M-2-like. ESBL-producing bacteria showed higher rates of antimicrobial resistance against ciprofloxacin (66% vs. 5%), gentamicin (68% vs. 3%), piperacillin-tazobactam (78% vs. 5%), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (88% vs. 16%), compared to non-ESBL-producing bacteria. Conclusion: A high proportion of the hospital’s housefly population were colonized with pathogenic ESBL-producing bacteria, but not houseflies collected at a distance of 1.5 km from the hospital. Houseflies can be potential vectors for transmission of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria within hospitals. Further studies are needed to determine the source of MDR colonization in houseflies and possible impact of the high rate of MDR for nosocomial infections.
Pelvic injury prognosis is more closely related to vascular injury severity than anatomical fracture complexity: The WSES classification for pelvic trauma makes sense
Authors: Wu Yu-Tung , Cheng Chi-Tung , Tee Yu-San , Fu Chih-Yuan , Liao Chien-Hung , Hsieh Chi-Hsun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The most common cause of death in cases of pelvic trauma is exsanguination caused by associated injuries but not the pelvic injury per se. For patients with relatively isolated pelvic trauma, the impact of the vascular injury severity on the outcome remains unclear. We hypothesized that, in addition to the fracture pattern complexity, the severity of the pelvic vascular injury plays a more decisive role in the outcome. Methods: The medical records of patients with pelvic fracture at a single center between Jan 2016 and Dec 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Those with an abbreviated injury scale (AIS) score ≥3 in areas other than the pelvis were excluded. Lateral compression (LC) type 1 fractures and anteroposterior compression (APC) type 1 fractures according to the Young-Burgess classification and ischial fractures were defined as simple pelvic fractures, while other fracture types were considered complicated pelvic fractures. Based on CT, the vascular injury severity was defined as minor (fracture with or without hematoma) or severe (hematoma with contrast pooling/extravasation). The patient demographics, clinical parameters, and outcome measures were compared between the groups. Results: Twenty-six of the 155 patients had a severe vascular injury. Those with severe vascular injuries had poorer hemodynamics, a higher injury severity score (ISS), required more blood transfusions, and had a longer ICU stay (3.81 vs. 0.86 days, p=0.000) and total hospital stay (20.7 vs. 10.1 days, p=0.002) than those with minor vascular injuries. In contrast, those with complicated pelvic fractures (LC II/III, APC II/III, vertical shear and combined type fracture) required a similar number of transfusions and had a similar length of ICU stay compared to those with simple pelvic fractures (LC I, APC I and ischium fracture), but they had a longer total hospital stay (13.6 vs. 10.3 days, p=0.034). These findings were similar even if only patients with an ISS >=16 were considered. Conclusions: Our results indicate that even in patients with relatively isolated pelvic injuries, the vascular injury severity is more closely correlated to the outcome than the type of anatomical fracture. Therefore, a more balanced classification of pelvic injury that takes both the fracture pattern and hemodynamic status into consideration, such as the WSES classification, seems to have better utility for clinical practice.
Identification of key modules and hub genes regulating drought stress response in rice drought sensitive line PY6 by weighted gene co-expression network analysis
Authors: Yu Baiyang , Liu Jianbin , Wu Di , Liu Ying , Cen Weijian , Wang Shaokui , Li Rongbai , Luo Jijing 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Drought stress is an adverse factor with deleterious effects on several facets of rice growth. However, the mechanism underlying drought resistance in rice remains unclear. In order to genetically understand the potential molecular mechanism for drought response in rice, a drought sensitive Chromosome Segment Substitution Line (CSSL) PY6, which was constructed by the introgression of genomic segments of drought sensitive variety LAMBAYEQUE1 into drought-resistance variety PR403 via backcrossing, was used to map the QTL locus dss-1 for its sensitive phenotype, and to reveal the impact of dss-1 on the transcriptional profiling of PY6 via RNA-seq and WGCNA (weighted gene co-expression network analysis) analysis. Results: The genetic linkage analysis showed that dss-1 was located on the short arm of chromosome 1 of rice. In contrast to PR403, the over-accumulation of H 2 O 2 and MDA that might result in drought sensitive phenotype was observed in PY6 under drought stress. In the analysis of RNA-seq data, the identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) mainly enriched in photosynthesis-related GO terms and exhibited a down-regulation pattern of their expressions in both PY6 and PR403 in response to drought stress, indicating that the photosynthesis was greatly inhibited in rice. Further WGCNA analysis constructed a co-expression network with 26 gene modules in which 4 and 3 modules that were highly correlated with H 2 O 2 and MDA, respectively. Likewise, the GO analysis of the differentially expressed hub genes (DEHGs) enriched in H 2 O 2 -correlated modules showed that the photosynthesis related GO terms were consistently over-represented. Furthermore, functional annotation of DEHGs in H 2 O 2 and MDA correlated modules revealed a cross talk between abiotic and biotic stresses. This was reflected by the differential expression alterations of hub genes which were annotated as encoding MYBs, laccases, WRKYs, and PRs family proteins, and ZFP36 were notably observed between PY6 and PR403 in response drought stress. Conclusions: Collectively, we speculated that drought-induced the inhibition of photosynthesis lead to the accumulation of H 2 O 2 and MDA that can trigger the reprogramming the profiling of transcriptome in rice. This included the differential regulation of hub genes that involve in ROS eliminated pathways to prevent the damage of rice plants from oxidative stress.