bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects on development and microbial community of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei larvae with probiotics treatment
Authors: Wang Ruixuan , Guo Zihan , Tang Yapeng , Kuang Jiawei , Duan Yafei , Lin Heizhao , Jiang Shigui , Shu Hu , Huang Jianhua 
Published: June 2020

AbstractShrimp production is the second ranked of the most-traded production in these decades and the whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is the sixth most cultured species. Probiotics are alternative strategy for the promotion of growth and prevention of diseases in aquaculture. To confirm the effects of the probiotics on development and microbial community of L. vannamei larvae during different development stages, five kinds of probiotics (108 ~ 109 CFU/g) were added into the rearing environment of shrimp larvae, and the effects of probiotics on bacterial community and water quality, larval growth and immune index were determined from nauplius larval stage to post larval stage. Results suggested that probiotics treated groups showed larger survival rate than the control groups from Z1 stage to P5 stage. Lactobacillus could improve the larvae’s survival ability, especially in the larval stages M2, M3, P1, P5 stage. It was confirmed that probiotics could promote the growth and development of shrimp larvae and prevent the incomplete molting in their growing process, particularly for EM-treated group. Results suggested that all the probiotics-treated groups had shown significant decreasing trend in the quantity of vibrios, except for the SA-treated group. And different probiotics could inhibit vibrios during different life periods. Among these probiotics, LA, EM and PB had shown the best effects, including improving survival rate of the larvae, promoting the larval metamorphosis, reducing the quantity of vibrios and NH4-N and NO2-N levels, and increasing bacterial diversity.
Channel-bonding CMOS transceiver for 100 Gbps wireless point-to-point links
Authors: Gonzalez-Jimenez José Luis , Dehos Cédric , Cassiau Nicolas , Siligaris Alexandre , Clemente Antonio , D’Errico Rafaelle , Savin Valentin , Durand Yves , De Domenico Antonio , Noguet Dominique 
Published: June 2020

Abstract5G systems and networks are expected to provide unprecedented data-rate to final users and services, in combination with increased coverage and density. The traffic generated at the edges of the network should be hauled through high capacity data-conveyors. Extremely high data-rate links able to provide optical-fiber like performance in the order of 100 Gbps are required to reduce the cost and increase the flexibility of the network infrastructure deployment. This paper presents a full transceiver architecture based on a channel-bonding radio-frequency front-end operating at millimeter-wave frequencies and digital baseband processing units able to provide such data-rates with a feasible implementation in low-cost CMOS technologies. The baseband section of the receiver includes digital compensation algorithms that allow to cope with some of the radio front-end impairments. The main functionalities of the proposed transceiver architecture are validated in hardware.
Patient characteristics as effect modifiers for psoriasis biologic treatment response: an assessment using network meta-analysis subgroups
Authors: Wade Ros , Sharif-Hurst Sahar , Dias Sofia 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Network meta-analyses (NMAs) of psoriasis treatments, undertaken as part of the NICE Single Technology Appraisal (STA) process, have included heterogeneous studies. When there is inconsistency or heterogeneity across the different comparisons or trials within the network of studies, the results of the NMA may not be valid. We explored the impact of including studies with heterogeneous patient characteristics on the results of NMAs of psoriasis treatments.

Methods
All NMAs undertaken for psoriasis STAs were identified and the included studies tabulated, including patient characteristics that may influence relative treatment effects. In addition to the original network of all studies using licensed treatment doses, a range of smaller, less heterogeneous networks were mapped: ‘no previous biologic use’ (< 25% patients had prior biologic therapy exposure), ‘Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score ≤ 25’, ‘weight ≤ 90 kg’ and ‘white ethnicity’ (≥ 90% patients were white).

Results
Sixty-nine studies were included in our synthesis (34,924 participants). A random effects model with a log-normal prior distribution was chosen for each of the subgroup NMAs. Heterogeneity was reduced for the four smaller networks. There were no significant differences in the relative treatment effect (PASI 75 response) for each treatment across the five NMAs, with all credible intervals overlapping, although there were noticeable differences. Treatment rankings based on the median relative risks were also generally consistent across the networks. However, the NMA that included only studies in which < 25% patients had prior biologic therapy exposure had slightly different treatment rankings; the anti-TNF therapies certolizumab pegol and infliximab ranked higher in this network than any other network, although credible intervals were large.

Conclusions
This work has highlighted potential differences in treatment response for biologic-naïve patients. When conducting NMAs in any area, heterogeneity in patient characteristics of included trials should be carefully assessed and effect modification related to certain patient characteristics investigated through clinically relevant subgroup analyses.
Numerical simulation for a class of predator–prey system with homogeneous Neumann boundary condition based on a sinc function interpolation method
Authors: Dai Dandan , Lv Ximing , Wang Yulan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractFor the nonlinear predator–prey system (PPS), although a variety of numerical methods have been proposed, such as the difference method, the finite element method, and so on, but the efficient numerical method has always been the direction that scholars strive to pursue. Based on this question, a sinc function interpolation method is proposed for a class of PPS. Numerical simulations of a class of PPS with complex dynamical behaviors are performed. Time series plots and phase diagrams of a class of PPS without self-diffusion are shown. The pattern is obtained by setting up different initial conditions and the parameters in the system according to Turing bifurcation condition. The numerical simulation results have a good agreement with theoretical results. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the method.
On abundant new solutions of two fractional complex models
Authors: Khater Mostafa M. A. , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe use an analytical scheme to construct distinct novel solutions of two well-known fractional complex models (the fractional Korteweg–de Vries equation (KdV) equation and the fractional Zakharov–Kuznetsov–Benjamin–Bona–Mahony (ZKBBM) equation). A new fractional definition is used to covert the fractional formula of these equations into integer-order ordinary differential equations. We obtain solitons, rational functions, the trigonometric functions, the hyperbolic functions, and many other explicit wave solutions. We illustrate physical explanations of these solutions by different types of sketches.
Some problems related to the growth of $z(n)$
Authors: Trojovský Pavel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLet $(F_{n})_{n\geq 0}$(Fn)n≥0 be the Fibonacci sequence. The order of appearance $z(n)$z(n) of a positive integer n is defined as $z(n):= \min \{k\geq 1: n\mid F_{k}\}$z(n):=min{k≥1:n∣Fk}. In 2013, Marques proved that $\liminf_{n\to \infty }z(n)/n=0$lim infn→∞z(n)/n=0. Let ϵ be a positive real number. In this paper, in particular, we generalized this Marques’ result by proving that almost all positive integers satisfy $z(n)/n<\epsilon $z(n)/n<ϵ.
Winter warming in Alaska accelerates lignin decomposition contributed by Proteobacteria
Authors: Tao Xuanyu , Feng Jiajie , Yang Yunfeng , Wang Gangsheng , Tian Renmao , Fan Fenliang , Ning Daliang , Bates Colin T. , Hale Lauren , Yuan Mengting M. , Wu Linwei , Gao Qun , Lei Jiesi , Schuur Edward A. G. , Yu Julian , Bracho Rosvel , Luo Yiqi , Konstantinidis Konstantinos T. , Johnston Eric R. , Cole James R. , Penton C. Ryan , Tiedje James M. , Zhou Jizhong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
In a warmer world, microbial decomposition of previously frozen organic carbon (C) is one of the most likely positive climate feedbacks of permafrost regions to the atmosphere. However, mechanistic understanding of microbial mediation on chemically recalcitrant C instability is limited; thus, it is crucial to identify and evaluate active decomposers of chemically recalcitrant C, which is essential for predicting C-cycle feedbacks and their relative strength of influence on climate change. Using stable isotope probing of the active layer of Arctic tundra soils after depleting soil labile C through a 975-day laboratory incubation, the identity of microbial decomposers of lignin and, their responses to warming were revealed.

Results
The β-Proteobacteria genus Burkholderia accounted for 95.1% of total abundance of potential lignin decomposers. Consistently, Burkholderia isolated from our tundra soils could grow with lignin as the sole C source. A 2.2 °C increase of warming considerably increased total abundance and functional capacities of all potential lignin decomposers. In addition to Burkholderia, α-Proteobacteria capable of lignin decomposition (e.g. Bradyrhizobium and Methylobacterium genera) were stimulated by warming by 82-fold. Those community changes collectively doubled the priming effect, i.e., decomposition of existing C after fresh C input to soil. Consequently, warming aggravates soil C instability, as verified by microbially enabled climate-C modeling.

Conclusions
Our findings are alarming, which demonstrate that accelerated C decomposition under warming conditions will make tundra soils a larger biospheric C source than anticipated.
Successful treatment of Aspergillus mural endocarditis in malignant lymphoma using a combined antifungal and surgical approach: a case report
Authors: Hiroshima Yuya , Kurumisawa Soki , Aizawa Kei , Fukushima Noriyoshi , Kawahito Koji 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Aspergillus endocarditis (AE) is a rare and lethal cardiac infection with a high rate of mortality. AE most commonly presents in immunocompromised patients and is associated with various co-morbidities. Herein, we present a case of AE associated with lung, brain, and cervical abscesses after chemotherapy for malignant lymphoma that was successfully treated by a combination of antifungal and surgical therapy.

Case presentation
A 29-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with an unidentified fever. He was diagnosed with malignant lymphoma (extra-nodal NK/T cell lymphoma nasal type), and chemotherapy was administered. After chemotherapy, nodular lung shadows along with new brain, cervical, and myocardial abscesses appeared, despite anti-bacterial/fungal therapy. Gene analysis of the cervical abscess biopsy revealed the presence of Aspergillus fumigatus species, and the transesophageal echocardiogram showed a mobile mural vegetation in the left ventricle (22 × 8 mm). He underwent surgical resection of this mural vegetation. His postoperative course was uneventful. He remains healthy at 28 months after surgery with continued oral antifungal therapy.

Conclusion
Although AE associated with immunosuppression is a fatal clinical presentation, combined treatment with surgical resection and antifungal therapy was effective.
Can automated item generation be used to develop high quality MCQs that assess application of knowledge?
Authors: Pugh Debra , De Champlain André , Gierl Mark , Lai Hollis , Touchie Claire 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the quality of multiple choice questions (MCQs) developed using automated item generation (AIG) versus traditional methods, as judged by a panel of experts. The quality of MCQs developed using two methods (i.e., AIG or traditional) was evaluated by a panel of content experts in a blinded study. Participants rated a total of 102 MCQs using six quality metrics and made a judgment regarding whether or not each item tested recall or application of knowledge. A Wilcoxon two-sample test evaluated differences in each of the six quality metrics rating scales as well as an overall cognitive domain judgment. No significant differences were found in terms of item quality or cognitive domain assessed when comparing the two item development methods. The vast majority of items (> 90%) developed using both methods were deemed to be assessing higher-order skills. When compared to traditionally developed items, MCQs developed using AIG demonstrated comparable quality. Both modalities can produce items that assess higher-order cognitive skills.
Biological control agents in the integrated nematode management of pepper in Egypt
Authors: Abd-Elgawad Mahfouz M. M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPepper is an important vegetable crop in Egypt and worldwide. Yet, it is usually attacked and damaged by numerous plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) especially root-knot nematodes in Egypt. This review summarizes ecology, biology, and economic value of such nematodes from the standpoint of pest management. The use of sound cultural practices and other phytosanitary measures against PPNs of pepper should be sought. Biological control agents (BCAs) rank high among other PPN management options on pepper plants given their outstanding role in sustainable agriculture. Therefore, BCAs especially those reviewed herein due to their usefulness in reducing PPN populations and increasing pepper yield should be incorporated into pepper management systems. Further aspects of BCA biology and ecology should better be understood to let them fit into existing or emerging integrated pest management strategies for growing pepper. Examples of commercially produced biocontrol agents that have become well established in several Egyptian markets and may be used against PPNs on pepper plants are shown.
Can diffusion tensor imaging lesion patterns predict the outcome of ischemic stroke?
Authors: Mostafa Mervat , Abdel Naseer Maged , Edward Ramy , Edrees Mohammad , Labib Dalia M. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Stroke can affect any portion of the central nervous system leading to a wide variety of symptoms depending on the part that is involved. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an emerging neuroimaging technique that allows measuring the integrity of white matter tracts.

Objectives
The objective of this study is to find out if the diffusion tensor tractography technique can provide prognostic information regarding clinical outcome following ischemic stroke.

Subjects and methods
Forty patients with acute ischemic stroke were studied with DTI. Size of infraction, degree of reduction of fractional anisotropy (FA), and pattern of corticospinal tract (CST) affection were identified. We assessed our patients according to the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Medical Research Council (MRC) scale at onset of stroke and 3 months later.

Results
FA reduction was correlated with MRC and NIHSS on admission (P < 0.001, 0.004 respectively) and after 3 months (P < 0.001, 0.013 respectively). The pattern of CST affection was associated with NIHSS and MRC after 3 months (P = 0.035, 0.001 respectively).

Conclusion
DTI may be an indirect indicator of the ischemic stroke outcome.
Assessment of noise pollution and its effect on patients undergoing surgeries under regional anesthesia, is it time to incorporate noise monitoring to anesthesia monitors: an observational cohort study
Authors: Mohammed Hany Mohammed El-Hadi Shoukat , Badawy Sahar Sayed Ismail , Hussien Ahmed Ibrahim Hussien , Gorgy Antony Adel Fahmy 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Operating rooms (OR) are noisy places, and proper control of intraoperative noise is advised by health care organizations to avoid its hazardous effects. Finding a smartphone application to measure and control intraoperative annoying sound is necessary.

Objective
To compare noise levels in Kasr Al Ainy Hospitals’ ORs with the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations and to investigate their effects on patients.

Methods and material
Forty patients who underwent surgeries under regional anesthesia at six different theaters enrolled in this observational cohort study. Sound was recorded by TM-102 Sound Level Meter and NoiseCapture app simultaneously. They used to capture the maximum (Max) and minimum (Min) values of A-weighting and average (mean) values in decibel (dB). The 1ry outcome was a comparison of the equivalent sound pressure levels (Leq (A)) measured by TM-102 Sound Level Meter with WHO recommendation (i.e., 40 dB).

Results
Mean noise levels in different theaters were far away from the WHO recommendations. The mean (Leq (A)) level measured by TM-102 Sound Level Meter was 73.01 (± 5.74) compared to 72.15 (± 6.57) measured by NoiseCapture. These levels exceeded the WHO recommendation by around 1.8 times. Both tools showed a good correlation with no statistically significant differences in all readings. Four distressed patients (66.7%) reported the obstetric theater as the highest noisy OR (78 dB).

Conclusions
Intraoperative noise levels at Kasr Al Ainy Hospital reached critical values that exceeded the international recommendations. For intraoperative noise monitoring, NoiseCapture smartphone application appeared like a straightforward hand-held software appropriate for this purpose.
Small fiber neuropathy and related factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus; the results of cutaneous silent period and skin biopsy
Authors: Tekatas Aslan , Tekatas Demet Deniz , Solmaz Volkan , Karaca Turan , Pamuk Omer Nuri 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Evaluating small nerve fibers in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using cutaneous silent period (CSP) and skin biopsy and assesssing the relationship between clinical signs, autoantibodies and neuropathic pain score.

Objective – methods
Fifty one SLE patients and 46 healthy volunteers were included in this study. Nerve conduction studies and CSP were performed both on upper and lower limbs in subjects. Skin biopsy was performed and the number of epidermal nerve density and IL-6 staining were evaluated.

Results
In SLE patients, CSP latencies were significantly prolonged both in lower and upper limbs and lower and upper extremity CSP durations were significantly shorter when compared to controls (p < 0.001). The number of epidermal nerve was significantly lower in SLE patients when compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
We detected marked small nerve fiber damage in both lower and upper limbs in SLE patients using CSP. Decreased epidermal nerve density also supports this finding.
Marine transgression(s) to evaporite basin: The case of middle Miocene (Badenian) gypsum in the Central Paratethys, SE Poland
Authors: Peryt Danuta , Gedl Przemysław , Peryt Tadeusz Marek 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe middle Miocene Badenian evaporite basin of the Carpathian Foredeep Basin was a saline lake, separated by a barrier from the sea and supplied with seawater seeping through the barrier or overflowing it occasionally in the form of short-lived marine transgressions. Such transgressions could leave behind marine microfossils in marly clay intercalations. One of them (2.3 m thick) occurs in the uppermost part of the sulphate sequence, in the unit ‘o’, in the Babczyn 2 borehole section. It contains marine palynomorphs (dinoflagellate cysts) and foraminiferal assemblages indicating a marine environment. The low-diversity benthic foraminiferal assemblages are dominated by opportunistic, shallow infaunally living species, preferring muddy or clayey substrate for thriving, brackish to normal marine salinity, and inner shelf environment. Dinoflagellate cyst assemblages, although taxonomically impoverished, consist of marine species; euryhaline forms that tolerate increased salinity are missing. Relatively common microfossils found in clay intercalations within gypsum have important palaeogeographical implications: they strongly suggest that there existed an additional inflow channel supplying the Polish Carpathian Basin from the south during the evaporite deposition and afterwards.
Petrophysical properties prediction from prestack seismic data using convolutional neural networks
Authors: Das Vishal , Mukerji Tapan 
Published: June 2020

We have built convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to obtain petrophysical properties in the depth domain from prestack seismic data in the time domain. We compare two workflows — end-to-end and cascaded CNNs. An end-to-end CNN, referred to as PetroNet, directly predicts petrophysical properties from prestack seismic data. Cascaded CNNs consist of two CNN architectures. The first network, referred to as ElasticNet, predicts elastic properties from prestack seismic data followed by a second network, referred to as ElasticPetroNet, that predicts petrophysical properties from elastic properties. Cascaded CNNs with more than twice the number of trainable parameters as compared to end-to-end CNN demonstrate similar prediction performance for a synthetic data set. The average correlation coefficient for test data between the true and predicted clay volume (approximately 0.7) is higher than the average correlation coefficient between the true and predicted porosity (approximately 0.6) for both networks. The cascaded workflow depends on the availability of elastic properties and is three times more computationally expensive than the end-to-end workflow for training. Coherence plots between the true and predicted values for both cases show that maximum coherence occurs for values of the inverse wavenumber greater than 15 m, which is approximately equal to 1/4 the source wavelength or λ/4. The network predictions have some coherence with the true values even at a resolution of 10 m, which is half of the variogram range used in simulating the spatial correlation of the petrophysical properties. The Monte Carlo dropout technique is used for approximate quantification of the uncertainty of the network predictions. An application of the end-to-end network for prediction of petrophysical properties is made with the Stybarrow field located in offshore Western Australia. The network makes good predictions of petrophysical properties at the well locations. The network is particularly successful in identifying the reservoir facies of interest with high porosity and low clay volume.