bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preemptive Pregabalin in Children and Adolescents Undergoing Posterior Instrumented Spinal Fusion
Authors: Helenius Linda L. , Oksanen Hanna , Lastikka Markus , Pajulo Olli , Löyttyniemi Eliisa , Manner Tuula , Helenius Ilkka J. 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Pregabalin as part of a multimodal pain-management regimen has been shown to reduce opioid consumption after spinal surgery in adults but it is unclear whether this is also true in adolescents. Pregabalin has been found to have neuroprotective effects and therefore could have a positive impact on pain after spinal deformity surgery. We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial of adolescent patients undergoing spinal fusion to evaluate the short-term effects of pregabalin on postoperative pain and opioid consumption.

Methods:
Adolescents with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, Scheuermann kyphosis, or spondylolisthesis who were scheduled for posterior spinal fusion with all-pedicle-screw instrumentation were randomized to receive either pregabalin (2 mg/kg twice daily) or placebo preoperatively and for 5 days after surgery. The patients ranged from 10 to 21 years of age. The primary outcome was total opioid consumption as measured with use of patient-controlled analgesia. Postoperative pain scores and opioid-related adverse effects were evaluated.

Results:
Sixty-three of 77 eligible patients were included and analyzed. Cumulative oxycodone consumption per kilogram did not differ between the study groups during the first 48 hours postoperatively, with a median of 1.44 mg/kg (95% confidence interval [CI],1.32 to 1.67 mg/kg) in the pregabalin group and 1.50 mg/kg (95% CI, 1.39 to 1.79 mg/kg) in the placebo group (p = 0.433). A subgroup analysis of 51 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis showed the same result, with a mean of 1.45 mg/kg (95% CI, 1.24 to 1.65 mg/kg) in the pregabalin group and 1.59 mg/kg (95% CI, 1.37 to 1.82 mg/kg) in the placebo group (p = 0.289). Total oxycodone consumption per hour (mg/kg/hr) was not different between the groups over the time points (p = 0.752). The postoperative pain scores did not differ significantly between the groups (p = 0.196).

Conclusions:
The use of perioperative pregabalin does not reduce the postoperative opioid consumption or pain scores in adolescents after posterior spinal fusion surgery.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Online Direct-to-Consumer Advertising of Stem Cell Therapy for Musculoskeletal Injury and Disease
Authors: Kingery Matthew T. , Schoof Lauren , Strauss Eric J. , Bosco Joseph A. , Halbrecht Joanne 
Published: November 2019

Background:
There has been a recent surge in health-care providers offering stem cell therapy (SCT) to patients with musculoskeletal disease. The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify the misinformation present in online direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising of SCT targeting patients with musculoskeletal disease in the U.S. It was hypothesized that DTC advertising of SCT contains substantial misinformation.

Methods:
A list of keywords was used to identify web sites of practices advertising SCT directly to patients with musculoskeletal disease. Web sites were evaluated to determine the specialties of providers offering SCT, types of SCT being advertised, and misinformation presented. Categories of misinformation included false general claims, inaccurate statements regarding mechanism of action, unfounded results, and scare tactics.

Results:
Of the 896 practice web sites included in the analysis, 95.9% contained at least 1 statement of misinformation, with a mean of 4.65 ± 3.66 statements of misinformation among the sites. Practices associated with an orthopaedic surgeon provided 22% fewer statements of misinformation than practices without an orthopaedic surgeon when we controlled for the effects of other specialties. Practices associated with a podiatrist also provided 22% fewer statements of misinformation.

Conclusions:
Nearly all practices failed to accurately represent the clinical efficacy of SCT in DTC advertising. While practices associated with an orthopaedic surgeon were less likely to provide misinformation, the majority of all web sites contained some type of misinformation, ranging from errors in the basic science of stem cells to outright false and misleading claims of their clinical effectiveness.
Subscapularis-Sparing Rotator Interval Approach for Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Adkison David P. , Hudson Parke W. , Worthen James V. , Moon Andrew S. , Pinto Martim C. , Momaya Amit , Ponce Brent A. , Brabston Eugene W. 
Published: November 2019

Background:
A subscapularis-sparing approach to anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is used for patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis who have an intact rotator cuff and sufficient bone volume.

Description:
A 7 to 10-cm anterosuperior incision is made with the patient in the beach chair position. The anterolateral deltoid muscle raphe is split, and the shoulder is externally rotated to bring the rotator interval to the field. A flap of interval tissue is incised, tenodesis of the biceps tendon is performed, and the interval tissue is incised straight back to the glenoid from the upper edge of the subscapularis, creating a triangular piece of tissue referred to as a “trapdoor.” Two Darrach retractors are placed to expose the humeral head. An intramedullary guide is placed, and a humeral head osteotomy is performed. The glenoid is exposed, and the glenoid component is placed after sizing, preparation, drilling, and insertion of trial components per the surgical technique. The humeral head size is estimated by measuring, and the humeral stem size is decided by sequentially inserting the trial components. The permanent humeral stem is inserted, and the permanent humeral head is implanted after insertion of trial components. The trapdoor is sutured, the deltoid is reattached, and subcutaneous tissue and skin are sutured.

Alternatives:
The traditional surgical approach for anatomic TSA involves release and reattachment of the subscapularis tendon.

Rationale:
Nearly all anatomic TSA techniques require the subscapularis to be released, with a peel, tenotomy, or osteotomy, and then repaired on completion of the arthroplasty. Failure of the subscapularis to heal is an unfortunate and potentially devastating complication following anatomic TSA that has been linked to decreased function, instability, and pain
1–4
. Subscapularis dysfunction following anatomic TSA is seen in one-third to two-thirds of patients, with evidence of complete tears in up to 50% of asymptomatic patients using ultrasound examinations
1–5
.
Sling immobilization with avoidance of excessive passive external rotation and active internal rotation is recommended to help prevent postoperative rupture of the subscapularis repair
6–8
. However, postoperative motion restrictions to protect the subscapularis may lead to stiffness and may negatively impact function and satisfaction.
We describe a subscapularis-sparing TSA, in which we address and improve on 3 technical difficulties identified by Lafosse et al.
9
: (1) difficulty ensuring an anatomic humeral neck cut because of the difficulty visualizing the anterior aspect of the shoulder, (2) inadequate resection of inferior humeral neck osteophytes, and (3) undersizing of the humeral head.
Risk factors of poor cartilage regeneration in patients who underwent high tibial osteotomy combined with microfracture
Authors: Choi Ik-Sun , Ingle Pramod Shaligram , Seon Jong Keun , Song Eun-Kyoo , Cho Kyu-Jin , Na Seung-Min 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: One of the option for treating unicompartmental osteoarthritis (OA) is high tibial osteotomy (HTO). HTO which can shift the mechanical axis to the lateral compartment, can performed with microfracture which provides cells capable of producing cartilage. And this procedure is one of the common combinations that orthopaedic surgeons are in practice recently. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of regeneration of cartilage after performing microfracture (MF) with high tibial osteotomy (HTO) after 2- year follow up and identify the factors influencing the regeneration of cartilage after the procedure. We also evaluated whether the regenerated cartilage status affects clinical outcomes. Methods: A total of 81 cases that underwent second-look arthroscopy at the time of plate removal after MF and HTO with a minimum two-year follow-up were included. The patients were divided into two groups according to femoral cartilage regeneration. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performend to identify independent factors that influence cartilage regeneration. We also compared differences in functional outcomes between the two groups. Results: On the femoral side, grade I cartilage regeneration was found in seven (8.6%), grade II in 19 (23.5%), grade III in 26 (32.1%), and grade IV in 29 cases (35.8%), resulting in 26 (32.1%) patients belonging to well regenerated group (group A) and 55 (67.9%) to the poorly regenerated group (group B). Among factors, the size of the cartilage lesion (P=.011) and the presence of kissing lesions (P=.027) significantly affected cartilage regeneration. There were no statistically significant differences between group A and group B in terms of KSS and WOMAC scores. Conclusions: A large cartilage defect and the presence of kissing lesions are associated with poor cartilage regeneration after combined MF and HTO surgery. However, the quality of regenerated cartilage does not affect functional outcomes in patients with MF and HTO. Keywords: High tibial osteotomy, Microfracture, Second-look arthroscopy, Cartilage regeneration, risk factor
Molecular-based survey of Rickettsia spp. and Coxiella burnetii in mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from Fars province, southern Iran, during 2017-18
Authors: Hoseini Zahra , Alipour Hamzeh , Azizi Kourosh , Soltani Aboozar 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square
Different forms of informal coercion in psychiatry – a qualitative study
Authors: Pelto-Piri Veikko , Kjellin Lars , Hylén Ulrika , Valenti Emanuele , Priebe Stefan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objectives
The objective of the study was to investigate how mental health professionals describe and reflect upon different forms of informal coercion.
Results
In a deductive qualitative content analysis of focus group interviews, several examples of persuasion, interpersonal leverage, inducements, and threats were found. Persuasion was sometimes described as being more like a negotiation. Some participants worried about that the use of interpersonal leverage and inducements risked to pass into blackmail in some situations. In a following inductive analysis, three more categories of informal coercion was found: cheating, using a disciplinary style and referring to rules and routines. Participants also described situations of coercion from other stakeholders: relatives and other authorities than psychiatry.
The results indicate that informal coercion includes forms that are not obviously arranged in a hierarchy, and that its use is complex with a variety of pathways between different forms before treatment is accepted by the patient or compulsion is imposed.
Lifestyle factors and long-term survival of gastric cancer patients: a large bidirectional cohort study from China.
Authors: Zhao Lulu , Huang Huang , Wang Tongbo , Zhou Hong , Ma Fuhai , Ren Hu , Wu Chaorui , Zhang Xiaojie , Sun Chongyuan , Ling Rui , Chen Yingtai , Zhao Dongbing 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Lifestyle factors such as body mass index (BMI), alcohol drinking, and cigarette smoking, are likely to profoundly impact the prognosis of gastric cancer, but evidence has been inconsistent. Methods: Patients with gastric cancer were identified from the China National Cancer Center Gastric Cancer Database (NCCGCDB) 1998-2018. Survival analysis performed via Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards models. Results: In this study, we reviewed 18 441 cases of gastric cancer patients. Individuals who were overweight or obese was associated with positive smoking and drinking history (P=0.002 and P<0.001, respectively). Current smokers are more likely to be current alcohol drinkers (61.3% vs.10.1% vs. 43.2% for current, never, and former smokers, respectively, P<0.001). Multivariable results indicated that BMI at diagnosis had no significant effect on prognosis. In gastrectomy patients, factors independently associated with poor survival include older age (HR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.38, P=0.001), any weight loss (P<0.001), smoking history more than 30 years (HR=1.14, 95% CI: 1.04-1.24, P=0.004), and increasing pTNM stage (P<0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study of gastric cancer patients has examined the association of lifestyle factors above with long-term prognosis. Among the patients overall, weight loss (both 0-10% and >10% groups), but not BMI values at diagnosis, was related to survival results. For other factors, smoking history of more than 30 years conferred a worse prognosis for only gastrectomy patients. Extensive efforts are needed to elucidate mechanisms targeting the complex effects of lifestyles factors.
Why Residents of South China live longer than those of North China?
Authors: huang yi , Wang Mengqi , Song Yanxin , Zhang Shuangping 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background, Since 1990, life expectancy and nonagenarian ratio in South China have been higher than those in North China.
Methods, To determine the reason residents of South China live longer, we calculated age-specific mortality rates (per 100,000 people) in North and South China. We examined the associations between the provincial mortality rates due to major fatal diseases and life span indicator.
Results, CVD is the leading cause of death in China. The proportion of CVD in all-cause mortality increases with age, and its mortality rate accounts for over 50% of all-cause mortalities in people aged over 80 years. Moreover, the mortality rate of CVD gradually decreases from north to south, indicating the main reason of difference in longevity between North and South China. This difference can be attributed to variations in temperature, salt consumption, selenium intake, air pollution, overweight and obesity between the two regions. Lower mortality rates of individuals aged 55–89 years in South China lead to higher longevity level. Provincial gravity centers of the proportion of longevity population move southward, and this shift is accelerated with increasing age.
Conclusions, the mortality rate of CVD gradually decreases from north to south is the reason residents of South China live longer, and risk factors of CVD gradually decreases from north to south.
Comparison of anterior segment changes after femtosecond laser LASIK and SMILE using a dual rotating Scheimpflug analyzer
Authors: Kim Bu Ki , Mun Su Joung , Yang Young Hoon , Kim Ji Sun , Moon Jun Hyung , Chung Young Taek 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: To compare the changes in the anterior segment after femtosecond laser in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) using a dual rotating Scheimpflug (DRS) analyzer (Galilei®; Ziemer Ophthalmology, Port, Switzerland).Methods: A total of 218 eyes of 109 patients who underwent FS-LASIK or SMILE for myopic correction were retrospectively studied. Ninety-eight eyes of 49 patients who underwent FS-LASIK were compared to 120 eyes of 60 patients treated with SMILE. A DRS analyzer was used for preoperative and 6-month postoperative anterior segment analyses. Measured variables included the central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior and posterior keratometry (K), anterior and posterior best-fit sphere radius, and maximum posterior elevation (MPE).Results: After the procedure, the amount of CCT decrease was higher in the SMILE group than in the FS-LASIK group, but it was not statistically significant. The MPE was significantly increased after both procedures (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001 in the FS-LASIK and SMILE groups, respectively), with the amount of elevation being higher after FS-LASIK than after SMILE even though it was not statistically significant. And there was a significant change in the steep and average posterior K in the FS-LASIK group (p = 0.006 and 0.001, respectively), but not in the SMILE group.Conclusions: Regarding changes in the MPE and posterior K, changes in the posterior corneal surface were greater after FS-LASIK than after SMILE.
Interdental Consonant Sound Errors Made by First Semester Students of English Education of Sanata Dharma University
Authors: Arsanto Albertus Yordhana , Prawinanto Adityo , Bram Barli 
Published: November 2019

This paper investigated factors influencing students’ pronunciation. Pronunciation is one of the important aspects of the learning of English. When mastering English pronunciation, many non-native English speakers have difficulty pronouncing certain words that contain the phonemes not used in their native languages. This paper also reported several aspects that might influence pronunciation. The pronunciation aspect investigated in this research paper was the English interdental consonants [θ] and [ð], which are not available in the Indonesian language sound system. This qualitative research used interviews as a method for collecting primary data. The researchers interviewed twenty participants from the English Language Education Study Program (ELESP) of Sanata Dharma University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, related to the pronunciation of the two interdental consonant sounds. The findings showed that the mother tongue, age, and teacher instruction on target language exposures affected the ELESP students’ (mis)pronunciation. Pedagogical implications of the findings are English teachers can assist their students in overcoming pronunciation challenges involving the two interdental consonants and pronunciation textbook writers should provide more pronunciation practices focusing on [θ] and [ð] sounds.
Dietary Patterns in Underprivileged Indian Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Chiplonkar Shashi , Kajale Neha , Lohiya Nikhil , Parthasarhty Lavanya , Khadilkar Vaman , Khadilkar Anuradha 
Published: November 2019

Background:
Children with diabetes are likely to have different food and nutrient composition
due to dietary restrictions. Studies on dietary intakes in Indian underprivileged children with
Type1 diabetes are scarce.

Objective:
To study dietary patterns and nutrient intakes of underprivileged children and adolescents
with type1 diabetes in comparison with their healthy siblings.

Methods:
Cross-sectional study, diet assessed by 24-h recall on 3-non-consecutive days in 120 children
with type1 diabetes (11.2 ± 3.8 yrs) and 65-age-gender matched healthy siblings. Dietary patterns
determined by cluster analysis. Nutrient composition was compared by one-way ANOVA.

Results:
Children with diabetes belonged to middle/lower economic class. Mean HbA1C of children
with diabetes was 9.7 ± 2.0% with higher intakes of whole cereals, milk, fruits, vegetables and lower
intakes of refined cereals, pulses, animal products than healthy siblings (P <0.05). Four diet patterns
were characterized on the basis of major foods: i) wheat, ii) millets, iii) rice and pulse and iv) milk
and fruits. Though patterns were similar in both groups, significantly higher intakes of vitamin C
(35 ± 23 vs. 24.7 ± 16.3 mg/d), zinc (5.6 ± 2 vs. 4.5 ± 2.3 mg/d), thiamin (812 ± 383 vs. 570 ± 254 μg/d),
riboflavin (782 ± 341 vs. 352 ± 182 μg/d) and calcium (673 ± 272 vs. 461 ± 253 mg/d) noted in children
with diabetes. Total energy, protein and carbohydrate intakes were comparable; fat consumption
was significantly lower amongst children with diabetes, though above recommended daily allowance
(RDA) 41.6 ± 14.1 gm vs. 47.4 ± 18.9 gm, P=0.029.

Conclusion:
Underprivileged children with diabetes and siblings had similar dietary patterns;
children with diabetes consumed healthier diet than siblings, still glycemic control was not optimum.
Dietary interventions are needed to improve micronutrient intake and reduce fat intake in underprivileged
children with type1 diabetes to improve their glycemic control.
Calculation method for the overall heat-transfer coefficient of a technical transport superstructure for perishables in traffic
Authors: Davydov D. O. 
Published: November 2019

High quality and safe transportation of perishable food cargo (PFC) by railway transport is impossible without knowledge of the heat engineering parameters of the technical transport (TT) used for transportation. Due to constant increase of requirements for PFC quality safety during transportation, the task of regular inspection and survey of TT is imperative. During transportation of (PFC by technical transport (TT) in the “thermos” mode, their quality is maintained for a limited period, that directly depends on the value of the overall heat transfer coefficient (coefficient K) of the TT superstructure. Concurrently, the use of coefficient K calculated based on the average values measured during the heat engineering tests (electric power, air temperature, average area of the TT superstructure) without considering significant fluctuations like conducting the tests without putting the TT into the specialized isothermal enclosure, enhances the risk of deterioration of the transported cargo quality transported during such transport.The proposed technique allows companies conducting heat engineering tests to calculate the coefficient K value measured using the method of internal heating without using a specialized isothermal enclosure. This is achieved by adding an expanded uncertainty on the measurement of coefficient K in its final value. The method was tested from 2016–2018 in the control process of the heat engineering parameters of the “thermos” cars. The results confirmed that all significant components of measurement uncertainties are considered in calculating the final value of coefficient K.Application of the proposed technique ensures safeguarding the quality and safety of transported goods during development of the PFC transportation conditions in the “thermos” mode connected with calculation of the cargo transportation time-limit.
Beyond Europe, beyond the Renaissance, beyond the Vernacular
Authors: Coroleu Alejandro 
Published: November 2019

This contribution is the response piece to a larger dialogue of three articles that form the second issue of JOLCEL. The other contributions are “From the Epistolae et Evangelia (c. 1540) to the Espejo divino (1607): Indian Latinists and Nahuatl religious literature at the College of Tlatelolco” by Andrew Laird (pp. 2-28), “Latinidad, tradición clásica y nova ratio en el Imperial Colegio de la Santa Cruz de Santiago Tlatelolco” by Heréndira Téllez Nieto (pp. 30-55) and “Nordic Gods in Classical Dress: De diis arctois by C. G. Brunius” by Arsenii Vetushko-Kalevich (pp. 57-71).