bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESERVES IN INDIA- A POLICY PERIOD ANALYSIS
Authors: BHAKRI SUMAN , VERMA AMAN 
Published: December 2020

Motivation/Background: Foreign exchange reserves (forex reserves) received large-scale interest among the developing economies because of rapid increase in globalization, the acceleration of capital flows and the integration of capital markets domestically and globally as well. The expansion in the volume of trade activities and capital inflows in the form of investments and external commercial borrowings (ECBs) has led to the emergence of importance of managing the foreign exchange reserves. Foreign exchange reserves (FER) are regulated and managed by the various countries’ central banks.
Method: The study is divided into four policy periods, namely, Liberalization, Globalization, World Recovery and Global financial crises. It will be using semi log growth equation model with dummy variables to find out the growth rates in foreign exchange reserves for different policy periods. Trends in foreign exchange reserves have been analysed for the period 1991-2017.
Results: The finding of the study presents that the level of foreign exchange reserves are statistically significant in all the policy periods except world recovery, and the growth rates are also significant in all the policy periods.
Conclusion: The current paper can be of great use for the policy makers as it will help them to analyse the trends in foreign exchange reserves in India not only during various policy periods but also in predicting the future trends of the foreign exchange reserves.
A marginalização da escrita feminina: a trajetória de obstáculos enfrentados pelas escritoras
Authors: Zukoski Ana Maria Soares 
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar um mapeamento das dificuldades que as escritoras encontram para se inserir na seara literária, isto é, no campo literário e no cânone. Tais dificuldades se refratam nas premiações literárias tendo por consequência uma lacuna na representação de obras escritas por mulheres, quase nunca pleiteadas. A partir disso, realizamos um levantamento sobre os Prêmios: Jabuti, Machado de Assis e Camões, a fim de verificar em que medida obras escritas por homens e mulheres são agraciadas pelos prêmios e como a disparidade entre essas representações sinalizam para a marginalização da escrita de autoria feminina. O trabalho está alicerçado nos pressupostos teóricos da Crítica Feminista e da Literatura de autoria feminina, com autores/as como Woolf (2014), Muzart (2011), Bourdieu (1996), Zolin (2015), Xavier (1999), Schmidt (1999), entre outros/as.
Ruskin’s Ontology of Architecture
Authors: Marques de Abreu Pedro 
Published: December 2020

Ruskin’s critique to architecture is usually understood from the subject of style, as the defence of Gothic against Classicism. If that had been the case, his writings about architecture would have lost all of their pertinacity. But that is not the case. This paper inspects the topicality of Ruskin’s thinking about architecture. His observations on the subject are phenomenological observations avant la lettre: the result of his own experience, highly sensitive, and of his personal reflection upon it, deeply human. Almost a century before Heidegger, Ruskin describes the anthropological responsibility of architecture in a very similar manner to the one the German philosopher. My understanding is that Ruskin is revealing the ‘dwelling’ ability that pertains to architecture, and that gives it its proper identity. Without architecture’s stamp on the landscape, it would not be possible for men to ‘dwell’ on Earth, and hence, it would not be possible for men to be rightly humans, i.e. to re-member (in Ruskin’s terminology) – to accomplish that specific human trait of existence that is necessary for an authentic living, which is to be self-aware.
Edited by Ruskin: Francesca Alexander’s Roadside Songs of Tuscany
Authors: Sdegno Emma 
Published: December 2020

In 1907 Cook and Wedderburn published the volume XXXII of the Library Edition, grouping together a series of texts “Edited and Arranged by John Ruskin”: Studies of Peasant Life: The Story of Ida, Roadside Songs of Tuscany, Christ’s Folk in the Apennine, Ulric the Farm Servant. Since most of the works were authored by Francesca Alexander the volume is in effect a tribute to this American artist. In this paper I outline the history of the editing of Francesca Alexander’s Roadside Songs of Tuscany, from the manuscript “Francesca’s Book” to the published edition issued in parts between 1884 and 1885. I argue that Ruskin’s interest in the project bears a special relationship to the publication of the Fioretti di San Francesco in mid-nineteenth-century French and English versions, and to the ideological context that generated those publications. Ruskin’s declared aim of conveying to the English mind “some sympathetic conception of the reality of the sweet soul of Catholic Italy” was generated within this context, and his idea of publishing Francesca’s manuscript in a heavily edited and thoroughly new form justifies comparison with continental research into Medieval literature in the last decades of the Nineteenth century.
Vólvulo del ciego, una entidad infrecuente como causa de abdomen agudo en embarazadas: Reporte de caso clínico y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Pedraza Ciro Mauricio , Ramos Juan Guillermo , Geney Maria Cristina , Moreno Maria Daniela , Santafe Guerrero Marcia , Vega Paula , Puerto Diana , Niño-González Jorge Ernesto 
Published: December 2020

Introducción. El vólvulo cecal en el embarazo es una patología infrecuente a nivel mundial, con un espectro clínico variado y limitación en estudios diagnósticos, lo que puede resultar en un desenlace ominoso.
Caso clínico. Se presenta el caso de una gestante en segundo trimestre del embarazo quien presenta abdomen agudo secundario a vólvulo cecal y sufrimiento fetal. La paciente fue llevada a cesárea de urgencia, donde además se practicó cecectomía y anastomosis íleo transversa, con mortalidad fetal.
Discusión. El vólvulo cecal forma parte de los diagnósticos diferenciales en caso de abdomen agudo durante el embarazo. Tiene un pronóstico reservado, en donde pueden presentarse desenlaces maternos y perinatales adversos, con mortalidad maternofetal.
Colecistectomía subtotal: una alternativa en el manejo de la colecistectomía difícil
Authors: Sierra-Sierra Sebastián , Zapata Felipe , Mendez Manuela , Portillo Sebastian , Restrepo Camilo 
Published: December 2020

Introducción. Alrededor de un 10 % de las laparoscopias se convierten a cirugía abierta por dificultades en obtener una visión crítica durante la colecistectomía en colecistitis severas. La colecistectomía subtotal es una posibilidad terapéutica disponible, que disminuye la tasa de conversión en cirugía laparoscópica y mantiene bajas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de pacientes sometidos a colecistectomía subtotal en la Clínica CES (Medellín, Colombia) entre enero y diciembre de 2015. Se identificaron variables demográficas, detalles de la cirugía, morbilidad y mortalidad. Resultados. De un total de 710 colecistectomías en dicho periodo, a 17 (2,4 %) se les realizó colecistectomía subtotal. Quince (88 %) de ellas fueron por laparoscopia y dos requirieron conversión. La distribución en cuanto a sexo fue similar (10 mujeres / 7 hombres) y la edad promedio fue de 51 años. El tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 119 minutos. En 14 (82 %) pacientes se dejó drenaje subhepático. Dos pacientes presentaron fístula biliar y un paciente reingresó por un hematoma; no se presentaron otras complicaciones. La estancia hospitalaria promedio fue de 5,2 días. Discusión. La colecistectomía subtotal es una alternativa en pacientes con colecistectomía difícil y en nuestra experiencia presenta una alta tasa de éxito.
KESALAHAN PENETAPAN SPTNP PADA KPPBC ABC BERDASARKAN TINJAUAN TEORI ORGANISASI PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Asmadewa Indra , Sukmono Renny 
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis permasalahan yang terjadi di internal Kantor Pengawasan dan Pelayanan Bea dan Cukai (KPPBC) ABC dalam melakukan penetapan Surat Penetapan Tarif dan/atau Nilai Pabean (SPTNP). Penelitian kualitatif ini dilakukan dengan melaksanakan observasi dan wawancara kepada pihak-pihak terkait dengan kerangka teori oganisasi pembelajaran sebagi instrumen penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan dalam penetapan SPTNP. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses penetapan SPTNP di KPPBC ABC sudah dijalankan sesuai peraturan yang berlaku. Namun penulis menemukan permasalahan dalam proses penetapan SPTNP yaitu terdapat kesalahan penetapan yang dilakukan secara berulang sehingga berdampak pada diterimanya keberatan SPTNP berulang kali. Faktor utama penyebab permasalahan ini yaitu tidak adanya perspektif sistem antar bidang dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan terkait SPTNP sebagai permasalahan organisasi. Kata kunci: SPTNP, organisasi pembelajaran, perspektif sistem
Hot forming behavior of a modified Ni–Cr superalloy
Authors: Carreño Fernando , Carsí Manuel , Llaneza Jaime , Ruano Oscar A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The hot working behavior of a 38Ni-21Cr based superalloy was studied. Torsion tests at strain rates between 2 and 20 s-1and temperatures between 1123 and 1473 K were conducted. A fine microstructure of about 6-10 lm grain size and small TiC particles were observed after torsion tests at 1473 K and 4 s-1. The results of these tests were analyzed usingMATLAB and MS EXCEL programs to obtain the parameters of the Garofalo equation able to correlate the experimental data with a single equation. Stress exponent values much higher than 5 and a high activation energy for deformation suggest that the deformation is controlled by a slip creep mechanism characteristic of reinforced materials. The optimum forming temperatures at different strain rates were determined by means of the second Lyapunov stability equation. An optimum stability temperature of 1643 K (13708C) at 10 s-1is determined.
PENERAPAN ACTIVE LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS PADA SISWA KELAS 5 SD
Authors: Risti Monika Vera , Kristin Firosalia , Anugraheni Indri 
Published: December 2020

Abstrak: Mengetahui langkah-langkah penerapan Active Learning tipe Card Sort, meningkatkan kemandirian dan hasil belajar IPS melalui Active Learning tipe Card Sort di kelas 5 SD Negeri Lopait 01 adalah tujuan penelitian ini. Penelitian ini berjenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Teknik analisis data menggunakan tes dan non tes. Hasil penelitian hasil belajar pra siklus (40,74%) siklus I meningkat (74,07%) meningkat lagi siklus II (92,59%). Hasil penelitian kemandirian belajar, pra siklus (68,8%) siklus I meningkat (76,94%) meningkat lagi siklus II, (81,67%). Dengan demikian penerapan Active Learning tipe Card Sort dapat meningkatkan kemandirian belajar dan hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas 5 SD Negeri Lopait 01. Abstract: Knowing the steps of implementing Active Learning Card Sort type, increasing the independence and learning outcomes of IPS through Active Learning Card Sort type in 5th grade State Elementary School Lopait 01 is the purpose of this research. This research is a Class Action Research type. Data analysis techniques using test and non test. Result of research result of pre cycle study (40,74%) cycle I increase (74,07%) increase again cycle II (92,59%). Result of research self-reliance learning, pre cycle (68,8%) cycle I increase (76,94%) increase again cycle II, (81,67%). Thus the implementation of Active Learning Card Sort type can improve the independence of learning and learning outcomes IPS 5th grader Elementary School Elementary School Lopait 01.
Kinesthetic illusion induced by visual stimulation influences sensorimotor event-related desynchronization in stroke patients with severe upper-limb paralysis: A pilot study
Authors: Okawada Megumi , Kaneko Fuminari , Shindo Keiichiro , Yoneta Masaki , Sakai Katsuya , Okuyama Kohei , Akaboshi Kazuto , Liu Meigen 
Published: December 2020

Background: Repetition of motor imagery improves the motor function of patients with stroke. However, patients who develop severe upper-limb paralysis after chronic stroke often have an impaired ability to induce motor imagery. We have developed a method to passively induce kinesthetic perception using visual stimulation (kinesthetic illusion induced by visual stimulation [KINVIS]). Objective: This pilot study further investigated the effectiveness of KINVIS in improving the induction of kinesthetic motor imagery in patients with severe upper-limb paralysis after stroke. Methods: Twenty participants (11 with right hemiplegia and 9 with left hemiplegia; mean time from onset [±standard deviation], 67.0±57.2 months) with severe upper-limb paralysis who could not extend their paretic fingers were included in this study. The ability to induce motor imagery was evaluated using the event-related desynchronization (ERD) recorded during motor imagery before and after the application of KINVIS for 20 min. The alpha- and beta-band ERDs around the premotor, primary sensorimotor, and posterior parietal cortices of the affected and unaffected hemispheres were evaluated during kinesthetic motor imagery of finger extension and before and after the intervention. Results: Beta-band ERD recorded from the affected hemisphere around the sensorimotor area showed a significant increase after the intervention, while the other ERDs remained unchanged. Conclusions: In patients with chronic stroke who were unable to extend their paretic fingers for a prolonged period of time, the application of KINVIS, which evokes kinesthetic perception, improved their ability to induce motor imagery. Our findings suggest that although KINVIS is a passive intervention, its short-term application can induce changes related to the motor output system.
Use, Outcomes and Policy on the Placement of Automated External Defibrillators on Commercial Aircraft for the Management of In-flight Cardiac Arrest; A Scoping Review
Authors: Sheehan Patrick , Quinn Tom 
Published: December 2020

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong>Introduction </strong></p><p>Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) are increasingly available in public places for the treatment of cardiac arrest. Some commercial aircraft carry an AED, but little is known about international policies and requirements. The aim is to review policy regarding AED placement on commercial aircraft, summarising reported incidence and outcomes of AED utilisation for individuals experiencing an in-flight cardiac arrest (IFCA).</p><p><strong>Methods</strong></p><p>A scoping review was undertaken. Online databases (Medline and CINAHL) were searched using prespecified terms to identify reports evidencing use, outcome and policy of AEDS for IFCA on commercial aircraft. Reports were screened and data extracted following scoping review extraction methods. Data were analysed to describe incidence of AED use and outcomes following IFCA, and policies regarding AED placement on commercial aircraft.</p><p><strong>Results</strong> </p><p>9 observational studies were identified. 8 reported instances of successful shock delivery using AED. No published reports of safety incidents involving in-flight AED use were found. 7 studies reported survival following AED use: of these, 6 reported administration of a shock for IFCA survivors, whilst 1 study reported deployment of an AED without shock delivery. Overall, survival following in-flight AED use was 9%, with 37% survival reported where patients presented with shockable rhythm. Only one policy mandating AED placement on commercial aircraft was identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p><p>Despite the small, retrospective and observational nature of the reports identified, findings suggest in-flight AED use is feasible and associated with improved outcomes from IFCA.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> cardiac arrest; defibrillators; AED; aircraft; flight </p>
INTEGRATING CHARACTER BUILDING INTO ENGLISH TEACHING AND LEARNING PRACTICE IN INDONESIAN CLASSROOM
Authors: Retnowati Nanik 
Published: December 2020

Indonesian government has just made great changes in its national curriculum. One of its changes is the emphasis on character building. For Indonesian teachers, this new policy is quite a challenge. In previous curriculum, character building was treated as a hidden curriculum and not explicitly part of scoring system. The new curriculum explicitly states the characters which must be developed by teachers. Finding the basis to perform teaching process to achieve the improvement of language knowledge, skills and characters is indeed needed. An action research was then conducted. In one cycle, the research proved that the implementation of actions integrating character building into teaching and learning process could significantly improve not only students’ attitude but also their knowledge and skill on expressing things happening in English. It means that teachers can work on the three important aspects; namely attitude, knowledge and skill together. In other words, teachers could kill two birds with one stone.
Radioactivity of Bottled Water from Trade Network in Kyiv
Authors: Buzynnyi M. , Mykhailova L. 
Published: December 2020

In 2018-2019, we examined the radioactivity of 40 samples of bottled water of popular brands produced both in Ukraine and abroad, which were purchased in one Kyiv supermarket. The first stage of the study provided for the identification of total alpha and total beta activities. In the case of excessing their regulated values, we proceeded to the determination of the content of radium-226 and natural mixture of uranium isotopes. The study results evidenced that total alpha and total beta activities of low mineralization water do not exceed the regulated values. Total alpha activity exceeded the regulated value of 0.1 Bq/l ten times in specific cases and total beta-activity exceeded the value of 1.0 Bq/l almost three times for the majority of high mineralization water brands.
The results of measuring total alpha and total beta activities depending on time elapsed from the moment the sample was prepared to the start of the measurements showed an increase in the alpha activity over time is typical for individual water samples, which indicates the accumulation of radioactivity from radium-226 decay products. However, the results of measuring the activity of radium-226 and a natural mixture of uranium isotopes did not reveal cases of exceeding regulated levels, which allows considering water of all brands suitable in terms of radionuclide content.
Assessment of radiation doses from consumption of bottled water containing the measured values of radium-226 and natural mixture of uranium isotopes did not reveal exceeding regulated value of 0.1 mSv/year. Only one bottled water brand was an exception, since the estimated radiation dose for it was 0.2 mSv/year for the category of children aged 12 to 17 years with 98 % of its value due to radium-226. Such a radiation dose value was received assuming an annual consumption of 1.5 liters per day.
Taxonomic notes on Nelumbo Adans. with a new cultivar ‘Gomoti’ from Bangladesh
Authors: Hassan Md Abul , Alfasane Md Almujaddade , Uddin Mohammad Zashim 
Published: December 2020

Living specimens of three colour forms (pink, white and yellowish white) of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. were observed in different natural habitats of Bangladesh and collected. Fresh specimens were studied in the field as well as in the laboratory. After detailed study it was concluded that the three colour forms available in Bangladesh belong to the same species, Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. However, the yellowish white colour form, having many stamens petaloid, is considered as a new cultivar Nelumbo nucifera ‘Gomoti’ and reported here as the first lotus cultivar from Bangladesh.
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 225-231, 2020 (December)
Agricultural product-derived carbon for energy, sensing, and environmental applications: A mini-review
Authors: Shah Syed Shaheen , Aziz Md Abdul 
Published: December 2020

Carbon is one of the versatile materials used in modern life for human welfare. It has a wide range of applications such as drug delivery, coatings, energy generation and storage, gas separation, water purification, sensor fabrication, and catalysis. Most of the widely used carbon materials are graphene and carbon nanotubes. Nonrenewable precursors (e.g., natural gas), toxic chemicals, and complex synthesis methods are often required for their preparation, limiting their wide practical applications. Besides these, biomass-derived carbons are attractive materials as they can be prepared simply from renewable biomass. However, their practical applications' success partially depends on their properties like size, shape, porosity, and presence of heteroatoms, which can be controlled by selecting the proper type of biomass, activating agent, and preparation method. It is noted that different species of plants have different chemical compositions and textures. This mini-review summarizes our group's recent sophisticated developments in agricultural-bio-waste-derived carbonaceous materials, including nanomaterials for electrocatalytic water splitting, electrochemical sensors, supercapacitors, water splitting, water treatment, gas separation, and enhance oil recovery. This offers valuable insights and essential guidelines towards the future design of agro-waste derived carbonaceous materials in various applications.
Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 467-478, 2020 (December)
ERGONOMİK AÇIDAN MEKÂN DENEYİMİ/ARKİTEKTONİĞİ: KARABÜK BEBEK KÜTÜPHANESİ VE ANKARA ALİ DAYI ÇOCUK KÜTÜPHANESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ARAT Yavuz , PARLAK Sema 
Published: December 2020

Kitaplar bir toplumun gelişmişlik düzeyi olarak
gösterilir. Kütüphaneler, kitap okumak, bilgi edinmek için
gidilen tekil işlevli mekânlar yerine artık sosyal mekânlar olarak dönüşmeye
başlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda kütüphanelerin, birçok işlevi de içerebilecek
şekilde bütünleyici bir kompleks olarak çalışması, örneğin ders çalışma, grup
çalışması, beceri geliştirme gibi eylemler için imkân tanıması istenmektedir. Günümüzde teknolojinin de
ilerlemesiyle kütüphanelerin sunduğu olanakların artması kullanıcı
çeşitliliğini de ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu
çeşitlilik içerisinde çoklu çalışma sistemi ya da aile olarak kütüphaneyi
kullanma eylemi gelmektedir. Özellikle anne ve babalar çocukları ile daha
kaliteli vakit geçirebilmek için günümüzde kütüphanelere birlikte gitmektedir.
Çocuk, anne ve babasıyla vakit geçirmesinin yanı sıra arkadaş edinme, birlikte
kavrama, geliştirme gibi alışkanlıklar kazanmaktadır. Bu kapsamda oluşturulan
çocuk ve bebek kütüphaneleri, kullanıcıları direkt çocuklar ve bebeklere
özgü-yönelik mekânlardan oluşmasından, onlara yönelik basılı ve dijital materyal
bulundurmasından dolayı ilgi çekicidir. Yetişkin kütüphanelerinden farklı
olarak, içerisinde oyun tabanlı mekânlarla desteklenerek çocuk kütüphaneleri
için üretilen mobilya ve sosyal alanlar, bebek ve çocuk ölçeğine dikkat
edilerek tasarlanması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ülkemizde günümüzde
kullanılan ya da henüz kullanılmaya başlanılan bebek ve çocuk kütüphanelerinin
ilkleri olan Karabük Bebek Kütüphanesi ve Ali Dayı Çocuk Kütüphanesi’nin mekân
ve donatı olarak ergonomik açıdan kullanıcısına uygunluğunun deneyimlenmesi
olacaktır. Çalışma sonucunda çalışma alanı olarak seçilen bebek ve çocuk
kütüphaneleri işlevine özgü nitelikte yapılmadığı için bebek ve çocukların
karşılaştığı sorunlar gözleme ve ölçüme dayalı analiz tablolarında
belirtilmiştir.