bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heart failure disease management: a systematic review of effectiveness in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Kalogirou Fotini , Forsyth Faye , Kyriakou Martha , Mantle Rhys , Deaton Christi 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimsHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) poses a substantial challenge for clinicians, but there is little guidance for effective management. The aim of this systematic review was to determine if there was evidence that disease management programmes (DMPs) improved outcomes for patients with HFpEF.Methods and resultsA systematic review of controlled studies in English or Greek of DMPs including patients with HFpEF from 2008 to 2018 was conducted using CINAHL, Cochrane, MEDLINE, and Embase. Interventions were assessed using a DMP taxonomy and scored for complexity and intensity. Bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Initial and updated searches found 6089 titles once duplicates were removed. The final analysis included 18 studies with 5435 HF patients: 1866 patients (34%, study ranges 18–100%) had potential HFpEF (limited by variable definitions). Significant heterogeneity in terms of the population, intervention, comparisons, and outcomes prohibited meta‐analysis. Statistically significant or positive trends were found in mortality, hospitalization rates, self‐care ability, quality of life, anxiety, depression, and sleep, but findings were not robust or consistent. Four studies reported results separately for study‐defined HFpEF, with two finding less positive effect on outcomes.ConclusionsVarying definitions of HFpEF used in studies are a substantial limitation in interpretation of findings. The reduced efficacy noted in contemporary HF DMP studies may not only be due to improvements in usual care but may also reflect inclusion of heterogeneous patients with HFpEF or HF with mid‐range EF who may not respond in the same way as HFrEF to individual components. Given that patients with HFpEF are older and multi‐morbid, DMPs targeting HFpEF should not rely on a single‐disease focus but provide care that addresses predisposing and presentation phenotypes and draws on the principles of comprehensive geriatric assessment. Other components could also be more targeted to HFpEF such as modification of lifestyle factors for which there is emerging evidence, rather than simply continuing the model of care used in HFrEF. Based on current evidence, HF DMPs may improve mortality, hospitalization rates, self‐care, and quality of life in patients with HFpEF; however, further research specifically tailored to appropriately defined HFpEF is required.
Biventricular pacemaker therapy improves exercise capacity in patients with non‐obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy via augmented diastolic filling on exercise
Authors: Ahmed Ibrar , Loudon Brodie L. , Abozguia Khalid , Cameron Donnie , Shivu Ganesh N. , Phan Thanh T. , Maher Abdul , Stegemann Berthold , Chow Anthony , Marshall Howard , Nightingale Peter , Leyva Francisco , Vassiliou Vassilios S. , McKenna William J. , Elliott Perry , Frenneaux Michael P. 
Published: January 2020

AimsTreatment options for patients with non‐obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are limited. We sought to determine whether biventricular (BiV) pacing improves exercise capacity in HCM patients, and whether this is via augmented diastolic filling.Methods and resultsThirty‐one patients with symptomatic non‐obstructive HCM were enrolled. Following device implantation, patients underwent detailed assessment of exercise diastolic filling using radionuclide ventriculography in BiV and sham pacing modes. Patients then entered an 8‐month crossover study of BiV and sham pacing in random order, to assess the effect on exercise capacity [peak oxygen consumption (VO2)]. Patients were grouped on pre‐specified analysis according to whether left ventricular end‐diastolic volume increased (+LVEDV) or was unchanged/decreased (–LVEDV) with exercise at baseline. Twenty‐nine patients (20 male, mean age 55 years) completed the study. There were 14 +LVEDV patients and 15 –LVEDV patients. Baseline peak VO2 was lower in –LVEDV patients vs. +LVEDV patients (16.2 ± 0.9 vs. 19.9 ± 1.1 mL/kg/min, P = 0.04). BiV pacing significantly increased exercise ΔLVEDV (P = 0.004) and Δstroke volume (P = 0.008) in –LVEDV patients, but not in +LVEDV patients. Left ventricular ejection fraction and end‐systolic elastance did not increase with BiV pacing in either group. This translated into significantly greater improvements in exercise capacity (peak VO2 + 1.4 mL/kg/min, P = 0.03) and quality of life scores (P = 0.02) in –LVEDV patients during the crossover study. There was no effect on left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony in either group.ConclusionSymptomatic patients with non‐obstructive HCM may benefit from BiV pacing via augmentation of diastolic filling on exercise rather than contractile improvement. This may be due to relief of diastolic ventricular interaction.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00504647.
Nuclear magnetic resonance study of the influence of the liquid nitrogen freeze‐thaw process on the pore structure of anthracite coal
Authors: Chu Yapei , Sun Haitao , Zhang Dongming , Yu Guo 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn recent years, liquid nitrogen (LN2) fracturing technology has been applied in coalbed methane (CBM) development. However, the impact of the liquid nitrogen freeze‐thaw process on the pore structure of anthracite coal has not yet been systematically investigated. In this study, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging of coal samples after treatment with liquid nitrogen for different freezing times and freeze‐thaw cycles were performed to study the pore structure damage of anthracite subjected to the liquid nitrogen freeze‐thaw process as well as the variation in the porosity, fracture evolution, and permeability. The results show that the LN2 freeze‐thaw process can enlarge the pore size, enhance the pore connectivity, and form a fracture network on the surface of coal samples, which increases the total porosity, residual porosity, effective porosity, and permeability. This study provides a theoretical value for LN2 fracturing in the development of CBM.
Development of emulsion films based on bovine gelatin‐nano chitin‐nano ZnO for cake packaging
Authors: Sahraee Samar , Milani Jafar M. , Ghanbarzadeh Babak , Hamishehkar Hamed 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis research extends the effect of packaging with bovine gelatin, gelatin nanocomposite (GN), gelatin emulsion (GE), two layers gelatin nanocomposite and gelatin emulsion (GNE), and polyethylene (PE) films on sponge cake properties during storage at 25°C and 55 ± 2% RH. In this regard, water vapor permeability (WVP) and oxygen permeability (OP) of films were compared. Then, moisture content, acidity, peroxide value, texture profile, organoleptic properties, and fungal growth of packed cakes were determined. Results showed that the addition of nanoparticles could reduce the water vapor permeability from 9.680 ± 0.460 × 10–10 (g m/sm‐2Pa‐1) for net gelatin film to 6.067 ± 0.337 × 10–10 (g m/sm−2 Pa−1) for gelatin nanocomposite film and oxygen permeability from 39.262 (cm3μm/ m2dkPa) for net gelatin film to 29.645 (cm3μm m−2 dkPa) for nanocomposite film. However, GNE films had the highest barrier properties. Results of acidity and peroxide values of cakes admitted the sufficiency of GNE films for sponge cakes packaging. In addition, antifungal properties of nanoparticles led to less fungal growth on cakes packed in GNE films. The cakes packed in GNE films own more organoleptic and texture acceptability than the ones packed in other films. Generally, according to the results GNE films are acceptable for packaging of sponge cakes which contain no preservative because this packaging can prevent fungal growth for a longer time and even more can maintain the cake chemical and organoleptic quality.
An efficient waste management system with municipal solid waste incineration plant
Authors: Ozturk Merve , Dincer Ibrahim 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study proposes a waste management system for metropolitan cities and presents a thermodynamic analysis and emission assessment of a municipal solid waste incineration plant operating with collected wastes from the 37 municipalities of Istanbul city, Turkey. A thermodynamic analysis of the proposed system shows that 53.72 MW of electricity generation and the heat of 99.4 MW for district heating are obtained with the municipal solid waste incineration. The energy and exergy efficiencies of the plant are 55.5% and 35.4%, respectively. The rate of exergy destruction for each component in the plant and their variation with ambient temperature is calculated. The maximum rate of destruction occurs for the combustion chamber as 44.02 MW. According to the emission assessment, total CO2 emission is 45 500 ton per year and this value can be reduced to 4550 ton per year with the addition of carbon capturing and storage unit. The other released emissions from the incineration plant such as CH4, N2O, CO, NH3, and non‐methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) are found to be 0.15, 34.36, 201.03, 16.08, and 20.10 ton per year, respectively. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Techniques of endoscopic nasopharyngectomy for localized stage I nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Liu You‐Ping , Xie Yu‐Long , Zou Xiong , You Rui , Yang Qi , Chen Ming‐Yuan 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundEndoscopic surgery was widely applied as radical treatment for early cancer. We aimed to demonstrate the details of endoscopic nasopharyngectomy (ENPG) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).MethodsBefore operation, we first defined the gross tumor volume (GTV) and surgical tumor volume (STV) for resection. STV was defined as gross tumor volume plus an additional 0.5‐1.0 cm peripheral mucosa margin and a 2‐3 mm basal margin on the surface skull base. The surgeon was required to follow this planned STV to remove the tumor.ResultsEn bloc resection was achieved in the endoscopic operation, and multiple margin biopsies were proved pathologically negative. Comparison between preoperative and postoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed that actual STV (aSTV) had contained the STV completely. Mostly, no death, recurrence, or distant metastasis was observed in this case during the 3‐year follow‐up.ConclusionsTechniques of ENPG for treating newly diagnosed localized stage I NPC patients were feasible.
Neonatal surveillance for congenital Zika infection during the 2016 microcephaly outbreak in Salvador, Brazil: Zika virus detection in asymptomatic newborns
Authors: Oliveira João V. , Carvalho Tereza C.X. , Giovanetti Marta , de Jesus Jaqueline G. , Santos Cleiton S. , Pessoa Lorena B. , Magalhães Filho Cláudio F.Q. , Lima Jéssica G.S. , Carvalho Daniel A.X. , Figueiredo Eduardo M. , Biron Ana Carolina , dos Santos Daiana C. , Viana Paloma , Duarte Alan O. , Pessoa Rosana , Souza Gloryane B. , Calcagno Juan I. , Lima Fernanda W.M. , Alcantara Luiz C.J. , de Siqueira Isadora C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo identify newborns with congenital Zika infection (CZI) at a maternity hospital in Salvador, Brazil, during the 2016 microcephaly outbreak.MethodsA prospective study enrolled microcephalic and normocephalic newborns with suspected CZI between January and December 2016. Serology (immunoglobulins IgM and IgG) and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) for the Zika virus were performed. Demographic and clinical characteristics of newborns with and without microcephaly were compared.ResultsOf the 151 newborns enrolled, 32 (21.2%) were classified as microcephalic. The majority of these cases were born between January and May 2016. IgM and IgG Zika virus antibodies were detected in 5 (23.8%) and 17 (80.9%) microcephalic newborn blood samples, respectively. Six (24%) microcephalic newborns tested positive for Zika virus by RT‐qPCR in urine or placenta samples. Thirteen (11.8%) normocephalic newborns also tested positive for Zika virus by PCR in urine, plasma, or placenta samples, while IgM antibodies against Zika were detected in 4 (4.2%) others.ConclusionsIdentification of 17 normocephalic CZI cases, confirmed by IgM serology or RT‐qPCR for Zika virus, provides evidence that CZI can present asymptomatically at birth. This finding highlights the need for prenatal and neonatal screening for Zika virus in endemic regions.
On the front line: Health professionals and system preparedness for Zika virus in Peru
Authors: Iguiñiz‐Romero Ruth , Guerra‐Reyes Lucia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo analyze the initial healthcare response to the Zika virus in Piura, Peru, and assess the perceptions of midwives and nurses regarding their role in prevention of Zika virus and management of congenital Zika syndrome (CZS).MethodsThis ethnographic study used a rapid qualitative assessment design. Data were collected through a focus group with midwives and in‐depth interviews with midwives (n=11) and nurses (n=5).ResultsThe focus of the early Zika virus response in Piura was on pregnant women and vector control. Midwives received some training on Zika‐related care during the early response. Nurses did not receive any Zika‐specific training. Neither nurses nor midwives were trained in neonatal CZS surveillance. Midwives were clear about the value and feasibility of incorporating Zika virus surveillance in their daily work, however nurses were not. They referred to lack of training and appropriate tools as limitations. Confusion about Zika virus and CZS symptomatology and effects persisted in both groups. Concerns about their own personal risk influenced the ways they engaged with Zika virus prevention in the community.ConclusionLong‐term management of endemic Zika virus in Piura will require the engagement of both nurses and midwives as primary care providers.
Anti‐Müllerian hormone as a marker of abortion in the first trimester of spontaneous pregnancy
Authors: Kostrzewa Marta , Żyła Monika , Garnysz Karolina , Kaczmarek Beata , Szyłło Krzysztof , Grzesiak Mariusz 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels as a marker of early abortion in the first trimester among women younger than 35 years.MethodsProspective study of women aged 18–34 years with a spontaneous pregnancy at less than 12.6 gestational weeks in Łódź, Poland, between January 2017 and November 2018. Cases of anembryonic abortion and assisted conception were excluded. Blood samples were collected and assayed for serum AMH levels. Data were compared between women with an embryo with no cardiac activity by ultrasound (n=30) and those with a normal embryo (n=33) by using Statistica12 software.ResultsThe 10th and 90th percentiles of serum AMH concentration among control women were used to identify a reference AMH range (1.1–4.5 ng/mL). Risk of pregnancy loss in the first trimester was found to be higher for both low AMH (<1.1 ng/mL; relative risk [RR], 3.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1–6.4; P<0.001) and high AMH (>4.5 ng/mL; RR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.61–5.59; P<0.001).ConclusionsBoth very low and very high AMH concentrations were found to significantly increase the risk of abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy. Serum AMH might be a valuable marker to predict the risk of early abortion.
Nitric oxide reduction forming hyponitrite triggered by metal‐containing complexes
Authors: Wu Wun‐Yan , Liaw Wen‐Feng 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNitric oxide reduction yielding N2O is known as a route to detoxify nitric oxide (NO) to relieve nitrosative stress in pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Nitric oxide enzymes are classified into Cu/Fe‐heme NO reductases (NORs) and non‐heme flavindiiron NO reductases (FNORs). In biological system, the mechanism of NO reduction generating N2O was proposed to involve NO coordination to metal centers prior to producing cis/trans‐hyponitrite‐bound intermediate, and the subsequent protonation of hyponitrite‐bound‐Fe/Cu intermediates releases N2O. In this review article, we compile the recently published biomimetic model studies of NO‐to‐[N2O2]2− transformation triggered by the designed transition‐metal complexes. In biomimetic model study, the ON‐NO bond coupling of metal‐nitrosyl complexes yielding [N2O2]2−‐bound species may occur via either the inter/intramolecular radical‐[NO]−‐radical‐[NO]− coupling or metal‐[NO]2− radical coupling with exogenous NO˙. The H‐bonding interaction between hyponitrite and protic solvents promoting/stabilizing the formation of hyponitrite complexes was also demonstrated. In addition, the electronic structure of the designed transition‐metal‐nitrosyl complexes triggering the formation of [N2O2]2−‐bound species and the detailed NO‐to‐[N2O2]2− formation pathways were delineated.
Relevance research between the expression of p16INK4a, Notch1, and hTERC genes: The development of HPV16‐positive cervical cancer
Authors: Huo Wenyan , Zhai Shuaiyu , Wang Yanbo , Qiang Xin , Na Risu , Gui Hua , Wu Ningjin , Cao Yaning , Bai Haihua 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundGLOBOCAN 2018 latest data show cervical cancer ranks fourth in morbidity and mortality among women. Many genes in cervical lesions differ in sensitivity and specificity. However, the diagnostic molecules for early cervical cancer are not very clear. This paper screens biomarkers for early molecular diagnosis of Mongolian patients with cervical cancer.MethodsImmunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of p16INK4a and Notch1 protein in paraffin sections of 226 Mongolian patients with HPV16‐positive cervical lesions after pathological examination, and 100 of them were randomly selected by fluorescence in situ hybridization to detect hTERC gene. The HPV16‐binding human cervical cancer SiHa cell line was used to silence the expression of HPV16 E6/E7 gene by RNA interference, and the expression of p16INK4a, Notch1, and hTERC genes and protein expression levels were detected by RT‐PCR and Western blot.ResultsThe positive expression rates of p16INK4a, Notch1, and hTERC genes in HPV16‐positive cervical cancer, CIN‐III, CIN‐II, CIN‐I, uterine leiomyoma, and chronic cervicitis were significantly different (P < .05); the positive expression rates of the three genes were also significantly different in the same type of cervical lesions (P < .05); RNA interference can effectively inhibit HPV16 E6/E7, p16INK4a and Notch1 gene expression, but has no effect on hTERC gene expression.ConclusionThe p16INK4a gene can be used as a biomarker for early screening of cervical cancer, and the hTERC gene can be used to confirm the clinical diagnosis of cervical cancer.
Mechanical stretch activates glycometabolism‐related enzymes via estrogen in C2C12 myoblasts
Authors: Feng Yu , Zhang Jin , Tian Xiangyang , Wu Jiaxi , Lu Jianqiang , Shi Rengfei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractModerate exercise improves glycometabolic disorder and type 2 diabetes mellitus in menopausal females. So far, the effect of exercise‐induced estrogen on muscular glycometabolism is not well defined. The current study was designed to explore the effect of mechanical stretch‐induced estrogen on glycometabolism in mouse C2C12 myoblasts. The mouse C2C12 myoblasts in vitro were assigned randomly to the control (C), stretch (S), and stretch plus aromatase inhibitor anastrozole (SA) groups. Cells in the S group were stretched by the Flexcell FX‐5000™ system (15% magnitude, 1 Hz frequency, and 6‐hr duration) whereas those in the SA group were treated with 400 μg/ml anastrozole before the same stretching. Glucose uptake, estradiol levels, PFK‐1 levels, and oxygen consumption rate were determined, and the expression of HK, PI3K, p‐AKT, AKT, and GLUT4 proteins were semiquantified with western blot analysis. Compared to the control, the estradiol level, oxygen consumption rate, expression of HK, PI3K, and PFK‐1 proteins, the ratio of p‐AKT to AKT, and the ratio of GLUT4 in the cell membrane to that in the whole cell were higher in the S group. On the other hand, the estradiol level, glucose uptake, expression of PFK‐1 and GLUT4 proteins, oxygen consumption rate, expression of HK protein, and the ratio of p‐AKT/AKT were lower in the myoblasts in the SA group than those in the S group. The level of estradiol was positively correlated with glucose uptake (p < .01, r = .818). Therefore, mechanical stretch‐induced estrogen increased the expression of glycometabolism‐related enzymes and proteins in the mouse C2C12 myoblasts.
The effect of lncRNA‐ARAP1‐AS2/ARAP1 on high glucose‐induced cytoskeleton rearrangement and epithelial–mesenchymal transition in human renal tubular epithelial cells
Authors: Li Lulu , Xu Li , Wen Si , Yang Ying , Li Xin , Fan Qiuling 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in diabetic renal fibrosis. The ARAP1 gene is located near risk alleles for Type 2 diabetes, and its function has been linked to cytoskeleton rearrangement, Golgi apparatus remodeling, and endocytic trafficking of membrane receptors. The role of ARAP1 and its antisense RNA, ARAP1‐AS2, in the pathogenesis of diabetes is unclear. To clarify the roles of ARAP1 and its antisense RNA in diabetes and related complications, we examined if the expression of these transcripts changed under high glucose (HG) conditions. To do this, we examined transcript levels in HK‐2 cells, and explored the roles of ARAP1 and ARAP1‐AS2 in the EMT process in HK‐2 cells. We found increased expression of ARAP1‐AS2 and ARAP1 in HK‐2 cells under HG condition, and observed that the overexpression of ARAP1‐AS2 significantly increased the EMT process. In addition, HG upregulated Cdc42‐GTP levels in HK‐2 cells, and increased cytoskeleton rearrangement, cell viability, and migration. After knockdown of ARAP1, the level of Cdc42‐GTP was decreased; cytoskeleton reorganization, cell viability, and migration processes were decreased; and EMT and expression of fibrosis marker protein. Overall, our results indicated that ARAP1‐AS2/ARAP1 may participate in cytoskeleton rearrangement and EMT processes in HK‐2 cells through increased Cdc42‐GTP levels.
Liver transplantation and cardiac illness: Current evidences and future directions
Authors: Jha Ajay Kumar , Lata Suman 
Published: January 2020

AbstractContraindications to liver transplantation are gradually narrowing. Cardiac illness and chronic liver disease may manifest independently or may be superimposed on each other due to shared pathophysiology. Cardiac surgery involving the cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with Child–Pugh Class C liver disease is associated with a high risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality. Liver transplantation involves hemodynamic perturbations, volume shifts, coagulation abnormalities, electrolyte disturbances, and hypothermia, which may prove fatal in patients with cardiac illness depending upon the severity. Additionally, cardiovascular complications are the major cause of adverse postoperative outcomes after liver transplantation even in the absence of cardiac pathologies. Clinical decision‐making has remained an unsettled issue in these clinical scenarios. The absence of randomized clinical studies has further crippled our endeavours for a consensus on the management of patients with end‐stage liver disease with cardiac illness. This review seeks to address this complex clinical setting by gathering information from published literature. The management algorithm in this review may facilitate clinical decision making and augur future research.
Preparation of novel azidopyrazole derivatives with anticipated cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities
Authors: Ewies Ewies F. , El‐Hussieny Marwa , El‐Sayed Naglaa F. , El‐Shazly Mohamed , Chen Yu‐Cheng , Liu Yi‐Chang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe reactions of azidopyrazole with some of primary amines and active methylene compounds were studied. Structures of the prepared compounds were identified using spectroscopic techniques. The reactions mechanisms were also proposed. The cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities were also examined for the newly synthesized compounds.