bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biology and Management of the New Zealand Endemic Wheat Bug, Nysius huttoni (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae)
Authors: Tiwari Sundar , Wratten Steve D 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The wheat bug, Nysius huttoni White, mainly reported as a pest of wheat and forage brassicas, is native to New Zealand. This pest has been accidentally introduced into The Netherland and Belgium during apple exports from New Zealand. The bug population is abundant in open sparse vegetations and hot-dry habitats, and feeds on dropping seeds. It damages wheat grains during milk-ripe stage by piercing through the glumes into the developing grains that can reduce gluten protein and reduce baking quality. Bugs also suck phloem fluid from seedlings, which can reduce plant establishment in forage brassicas. Early scouting and field monitoring are suggested before making pest management decisions. Seed treatment with neonicotinoids, permethrin, and chlorpyrifos spray in the standing crops are chemical methods of management in New Zealand. These conventional synthetic pesticides have nontarget effects on human health, the environment, and biodiversity. However, preventive measures such as the use of less-susceptible cultivars, and using potential trap crops is other important pest management options. Alyssum (Lobularia maritima L. Desv. Brassicales: Brassicaceae) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L. Poales: Poaceae) are two potential trap crops of wheat bug. Kale (Brassica oleracea L.) cultivars, such as Corka and Regal, and wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars, such as Batten, Domino, and Oroua, are less-susceptible cultivars. Understanding the biology and ecology of the pest, and utilizing preventative pest management measures such as the use of trap crops and less-susceptible cultivars, and integrating these with ‘soft’ chemicals make a suitable integrated pest management strategy for this pest.
Comparative Analysis of Transcriptome Responses to Cold Stress in Galeruca daurica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Zhou Xiao-Rong , Shan Yan-Min , Tan Yao , Zhang Zhuo-Ran , Pang Bao-Ping 
Published: October 2019

AbstractGaleruca daurica (Joannis) has become a new insect pest in the Inner Mongolia grasslands since 2009, and its larvae and eggs have strong cold tolerance. To get a deeper insight into its molecular mechanisms of cold stress responses, we performed de novo transcriptome assembly for G. daurica by RNA-Seq and compared the transcriptomes of its larvae exposed to five different temperature treatments (−10, −5, 0, 5, and 25°C for 1 h and then recovered at 25°C for 1 h), respectively. Compared with the control (25°C), the numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) decreased from 1,821 to 882, with the temperature declining from 5 to −10°C. Moreover, we obtained 323 coregulated DEGs under different low temperatures. Under four low temperatures (−10, −5, 0, and 5°C), a large number of genes were commonly upregulated during recovery from cold stresses, including those related to cuticle protein, followed by cytochrome P450, clock protein, fatty acid synthase, and fatty acyl-CoA reductase; meanwhile, lots of genes encoding cuticle protein, RNA replication protein, RNA-directed DNA polymerase, and glucose dehydrogenase were commonly downregulated. Our findings provide important clues for further investigations of key genes and molecular mechanisms involved in the adaptation of G. daurica to harsh environments.
Relations between topography, feeding sites, and foraging behavior of the vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus
Authors: Rocha Felipe , Ulloa-Stanojlovic Francisco Miroslav , Rabaquim Vanessa Cristina Victor , Fadil Paulo , Pompei Júlio César , Brandão Paulo Eduardo , Dias Ricardo Augusto 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThe vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) plays a crucial role in the maintenance and transmission of the rabies virus to humans and livestock, impacting public health and economic production. Its importance lies not only in its capacity to transmit the virus but also in its ability to adapt to anthropic changes, as expressed in its wide geographic distribution in Latin America. Deforestation, livestock intensification, and other human activities have reduced the abundance of its wild prey but have also provided new and abundant shelter and foraging resources for the vampire bats. We used radiotelemetry to evaluate relations between topography, feeding site choice, and foraging behavior in southeastern Brazil, where three occupied D. rotundus roosts, out of 11 possible, were systematically monitored throughout a 1-year period once every 2 months. Sixty-two vampire bats were captured; biometric data were collected and 44 radiotransmitters were installed in adult individuals, producing telemetry data that were recorded in VHF receptors installed in the farms. Elevation of the roosts was related to the farms attacked by the vampire bats. Understanding the use of the environment and resources by vampire bats is critical to improving rabies control aiming at the reduction of disease impacts. From the perspective of the official veterinary service, telemetry would be ineffective as a rabies surveillance system due to the costs and limitations of the available technology. However, livestock rabies control measures would be greatly improved if ecological characteristics of the vampire bat were considered.
HLA-B-associated transcript 3 (Bat3) stabilizes and activates p53 in a HAUSP-dependent manner
Authors: Zhang Rui , Cui Di , Xue Teng , Lang Yue , Zhang Yunfan , Li Lianjie , Sun Haili , Kuang Yu , Li Gebin , Tang Jun 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The p53 pathway is a highly complex signaling network including several key regulators. HAUSP is a critical component of the p53 pathway acting as a deubiquitinase for both p53 and its key repressor Mdm2. Here, we identified a novel HAUSP-interacting protein, HLA-B-associated transcript 3 (Bat3) and found it to be capable of inducing p53 stabilization and activation via a HAUSP-dependent mechanism, resulting in cell growth inhibition. Surprisingly, the deubiquitylating enzymatic activity of HAUSP was not required for this phenomenon. Co-immunoprecipitation showed that p53 coexisted in a complex with Bat3 and HAUSP in vivo, and HAUSP may serve as a binding mediator to enhance the interaction between p53 and Bat3. Further studies revealed that formation of this three-protein complex interfered with the binding of p53 to its proteasome receptor S5a and promoted the accumulation of p53 in nucleus. Notably, Mdm2 protein abundance is also regulated by Bat3 in the presence of HAUSP. Overexpression of Bat3 and HAUSP increases Mdm2 protein levels without influencing the p53–Mdm2 interaction and Mdm2-mediated p53 ubiquitination, indicating that Bat3–HAUSP-mediated protein stabilization is not specific to p53 and different mechanisms may be involved in Bat3-mediated regulation of p53–Mdm2 pathway. Together, our study unravels a novel mechanism by which p53 is stabilized and activated by HAUSP-mediated interaction with Bat3 and implies that Bat3 might function as a tumor suppressor through the stabilization of p53.
The Influence of Larval Stage and Density on Oviposition Site-Selection Behavior of the Afrotropical Malaria Mosquito Anopheles coluzzii (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Mwingira Victor S , Spitzen Jeroen , Mboera Leonard E G , Torres-Estrada José L , Takken Willem 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In the selection of oviposition sites female mosquitoes use various cues to assess site quality to optimize survival of progeny. The presence of conspecific larvae influences this process. Interactive effects of oviposition site selection were studied in the malaria mosquito Anopheles coluzzii Coetzee & Wilkerson in dual- and no-choice assays, by exposing single gravid mosquitoes to oviposition cups containing 1) larvae of different developmental stages, 2) larvae-conditioned water (LCW), and 3) cups where visual cues of conspecific larvae were absent. Early-stage conspecific larvae had a positive effect on the oviposition response. By contrast, late stages of conspecific larvae had a negative effect. Oviposition choice was dependent on larval density. Moreover, in oviposition cups where larvae were hidden from view, late-stage larvae had a significant negative effect on oviposition suggesting the involvement of olfactory cues. LCW had no effect on oviposition response, indicating involvement of chemicals produced by larvae in vivo. It is concluded that the presence of larvae in a breeding site affects the oviposition response depending on the development stage of the larvae. These responses appear to be mediated by olfactory cues emitted by the larval habitat containing live larvae, resulting in the enhanced reproductive fitness of the females.
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy following multiple failed endoscopic sleeve gastroplasties
Authors: Alhayo Sam , Devadas Michael 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEndoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (ESG) is a new obesity control modality. Limited data are available to describe post ESG findings and approaches to surgically revise this procedure. Two female patients with persistent obesity despite multiple ESG procedures underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Pre- and post-ESG, LSG body mass index (BMI), weight, and excess weight loss percentage (EWL%) were recorded. Endoscopic findings and revisional LSG technique were carefully documented. Pre-ESG BMI of the patients were 44 and 52 kg/m2. Pre-LSG BMI were 44.6 and 50 kg/m2. Pre-LSG gastroscopy and laparoscopy revealed complete dehiscence of ESG sutures with full-thickness invasion of these sutures and titanium clips through the gastric wall and some intraperitoneal adhesions. At 7-month follow-up, BMI are 40.3 and 35.7 kg/m2 and EWL% are 39 and 43%, respectively. This is the first study reporting LSG following failed ESG. ESG can lead to significant complications. LSG is achievable post-ESG and has superior results to it.
Intrapericardial rupture of distal aortic arch aneurysm
Authors: Yokoyama Yujiro , Nakajima Masato 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Intrapericardial rupture of an aortic arch aneurysm is a rare and catastrophic event that requires emergency treatment. Recent development of thoracic endovascular repair has contributed to improved outcomes for the treatment of ruptured aneurysm of the thoracic aorta. However, when there is an aneurysm that involves the arch vessels, the treatment strategy, including conventional open surgery and endovascular stenting, is still controversial. We performed life-saving emergency total arch replacement using a modified elephant-trunk procedure for two cases of intrapericardial rupture of an aortic arch aneurysm. Prompt institution of cardiopulmonary bypass is effective for reducing the risk of re-rupture. Hybrid operation caries the risk of re-rupture during the procedure because it is performed under heparinization without blood pressure control. Open surgery is still a good option for such cases.
Restless Dickens: A Victorian Life in Motion, 1872–1927
Authors: Whitehead Lucy 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
By comparing John Forster’s The Life of Charles Dickens (1872–1874) with subsequent amateur forms of biographical activity in the period 1872–1927, this essay aims to challenge lingering conceptualizations of the material properties of Victorian biography as smooth and standardized. I argue that the parity of practice revealed between Forster’s biography and the various composite forms of biographical narrative that came in its wake, such as Grangerizations and photography collections, throws into question the supposed unity of Forster’s original text. It shows the ways in which his Dickens was always an unstable and metamorphosing figure, tracing an alternative genealogy for the subsequent forms of memorialization that push these biographical qualities further. It demonstrates continuities of preoccupation and practice in biographical activity 1872–1927, producing a narrative of Victorian and Modernist biography that emphasizes connection rather than rupture. Examining these composite forms of biographical narrative also reveals the proto-cinematic way in which they juxtapose and sequence similar but marginally different Dickenses, in order to create the sense of a figure temporally, physically and mentally in motion. From Forster’s text onwards, Dickens is thus produced materially as well as verbally as a ‘restless’ subject, continually poised between stasis and movement. The recurring biographical use of montage, collage and compilation in order to put the subject in motion suggests a previously unconsidered dimension to the ancestry of cinema. It also works to extend our understanding of the media available to Victorian biography.
Radiation-hydrodynamical models of X-ray photoevaporation in carbon-depleted circumstellar discs
Authors: Wölfer Lisa , Picogna Giovanni , Ercolano Barbara , van Dishoeck Ewine F 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT
The so-called transition discs provide an important tool to probe various mechanisms that might influence the evolution of protoplanetary discs and therefore the formation of planetary systems. One of these mechanisms is photoevaporation due to energetic radiation from the central star, which can in principal explain the occurrence of discs with inner cavities like transition discs. Current models, however, fail to reproduce a subset of the observed transition discs, namely objects with large measured cavities and vigorous accretion. For these objects the presence of (multiple) giant planets is often invoked to explain the observations. In our work, we explore the possibility of X-ray photoevaporation operating in discs with different gas-phase depletion of carbon and show that the influence of photoevaporation can be extended in such low-metallicity discs. As carbon is one of the main contributors to the X-ray opacity, its depletion leads to larger penetration depths of X-rays in the disc and results in higher gas temperatures and stronger photoevaporative winds. We present radiation-hydrodynamical models of discs irradiated by internal X-ray + EUV radiation assuming carbon gas-phase depletions by factors of three, 10, and 100 and derive realistic mass-loss rates and profiles. Our analysis yields robust temperature prescriptions as well as photoevaporative mass-loss rates and profiles which may be able to explain a larger fraction of the observed diversity of transition discs.
BiGG Models 2020: multi-strain genome-scale models and expansion across the phylogenetic tree
Authors: Norsigian Charles J , Pusarla Neha , McConn John Luke , Yurkovich James T , Dräger Andreas , Palsson Bernhard O , King Zachary 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The BiGG Models knowledge base (http://bigg.ucsd.edu) is a centralized repository for high-quality genome-scale metabolic models. For the past 12 years, the website has allowed users to browse and search metabolic models. Within this update, we detail new content and features in the repository, continuing the original effort to connect each model to genome annotations and external databases as well as standardization of reactions and metabolites. We describe the addition of 31 new models that expand the portion of the phylogenetic tree covered by BiGG Models. We also describe new functionality for hosting multi-strain models, which have proven to be insightful in a variety of studies centered on comparisons of related strains. Finally, the models in the knowledge base have been benchmarked using Memote, a new community-developed validator for genome-scale models to demonstrate the improving quality and transparency of model content in BiGG Models.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition: towards an indication to treat diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Górriz Jose Luis , Navarro-González Juan F , Ortiz Alberto , Vergara Ander , Nuñez Julio , Jacobs-Cachá Conxita , Martínez-Castelao Alberto , Soler Maria Jose 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have clearly demonstrated their beneficial effect in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) on top of the standard of care [blood glucose control, renin–angiotensin system blockade, smoking cessation and blood pressure (BP) control], even in patients with overt DKD. However, the indication of this drug class is still blood glucose lowering in type 2 diabetic patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate &gt;45 mL/min/1.73 m2. Based on the new evidence, several scientific societies have emphasized the preferential prescription of SGLT2i for patients at risk of heart failure or kidney disease, but still within the limits set by health authorities. A rapid positioning of both the European Medicines Agency and the US Food and Drug Administration will allow patients with overt DKD to benefit from SGLT2i. Clinical experience suggests that SGLT2i safety management may in part mirror renin–angiotensin blockade safety management in patients with overt DKD. This review focuses on the rationale for an indication of SGTL2i in DKD. We further propose clinical steps for maximizing the safety of SGLT2i in DKD patients on other antidiabetic, BP or diuretic medication.
Clinical Outcomes of Clofazimine Use for Rapidly Growing Mycobacterial Infections
Authors: Carey George B , Tebas Pablo , Vinnard Christopher , Kim Deborah , Hadjiliadis Denis , Hansen-Flaschen John , Dorgan Daniel , Glaser Laurel , Barton Grant , Hamilton Keith W 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) have high rates of intrinsic antibiotic resistance and require prolonged antibiotic therapies associated with considerable toxicity. Less toxic and more effective therapies are needed. One promising agent is clofazimine (CFZ), an antibiotic with favorable in vitro data but limited clinical data in RGM.

Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort study of all patients treated for RGM infection with a CFZ-containing regimen in the University of Pennsylvania Health System between 1/1/2010 and 12/31/2016. Primary outcome was clinical cure, defined as no evidence of clinical or microbiologic infection recurrence after 1 year following the completion of treatment. Secondary outcomes included clinical, radiologic, and microbiologic response; all-cause mortality; infection-specific mortality; and treatment-related adverse events. Descriptive and unadjusted analyses were performed to elucidate associations between pertinent demographic and comorbidity data, clinical presentation, treatment history, and treatment outcomes.

Results
We treated 55 patients with CFZ for RGM infection during the study period in combination with a median of 5 other antibiotic agents during each treatment course. Clinical cure with initial treatment regimen was achieved in 43% of patients with pulmonary infection and 71% of patients with non-pulmonary infection. CFZ was well tolerated in our cohort and was discontinued prematurely in 20% of patients, but only in the context of discontinuing all antibiotic agents.

Conclusions
As part of multidrug therapy, CFZ is well tolerated and may be effective in patients with RGM infection, especially non-pulmonary and non-Mycobacterium abscessus complex infections.
Effect of bambermycin and dietary distillers grains concentration on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing steers1
Authors: Smith Zachary K , Crawford Grant I , Loe Erik R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
An experiment was conducted comparing medicated feed additives (MFA) bambermycin or monensin sodium and tylosin phosphate in feedlot diets containing modified distillers grains (mDGS). Crossbred steers (n = 256; initial full BW 418 ± 28.5 kg) were allocated into three weight blocks in a randomized complete block design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The factors were: MFA (bambermycin at 20 mg/steer daily or monensin + tylosin at 380 and 90 mg/steer daily, respectively) and mDGS inclusion (15% and 30% of diet DM). Twenty-four pens were utilized, resulting in six replications per treatment. Steers were fed a diet consisting of a 1:1 combination of dry-rolled and high-moisture corn with the roughage portion of the diet consisting of corn silage and corn stover. Steers in the heaviest two blocks were marketed after 104 d and steers in the lightest block were marketed after 126 d. Overall average daily gain (ADG) tended (P = 0.08) to be greater for bambermycin vs. monensin and tylosin, and was not affected (P = 0.17) by mDGS level. Dry matter intake was lower (P ≤ 0.05) with 30% mDGS with monensin and tylosin than with any other treatment. Feed efficiency was not affected by mDGS, MFA, or their interaction (P ≥ 0.30). Marbling scores were greater (P = 0.01) greater for bambermycin vs. monensin and tylosin, and tended (P = 0.08) to be greater with 15% mDGS than with 30% mDGS. Carcasses from steers fed bambermycin had a greater percentage of USDA choice than those fed with monensin and tylosin (P = 0.01). Liver abscess occurrence was not affected (P ≥ 0.17) by MFA, mDGS, or their interaction. Results from this experiment indicate that including bambermycin in feedlot diets containing 30% mDGS results in increased DMI when compared with including monensin and tylosin in 30% mDGS diet without the risk for increases in liver abscess occurrence.
Nurse Empowerment a Key Factor in Cardiac Arrest Survival of Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Rosenberg Karen , Todd Betsy 
Published: October 2019

According to this study:

Important differences exist in the organizational structure and function of rapid response teams (RRTs) at top-performing versus non–top-performing hospitals for in-hospital cardiac arrest survival.Top-performing hospitals tend to have dedicated RRT staff who collaborate with bedside nurses in the surveillance of at-risk patients, both during a rapid response activation and afterward.
Long-term Outcomes of Injection Drug-related Infective Endocarditis Among People Who Inject Drugs
Authors: Suzuki Joji , Johnson Jennifer A. , Montgomery Mary W. , Hayden Margaret C. , Price Christin N. , Solomon Daniel A. , Liebschutz Jane M. , Schnipper Jeffrey L. , Weiss Roger D. 
Published: October 2019

Objectives:
Infective endocarditis (IE) among people who inject drugs is associated with high rates of mortality and repeat episodes of endocarditis. We sought to report on longer-term clinical outcomes of patients with IE who were offered buprenorphine or methadone treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) at their initial hospital admission.

Methods:
Individuals with OUD hospitalized between 2013 and 2015 with IE were included for the retrospective study. The following data were extracted from the medical record: sociodemographic data, mortality, repeat episodes of endocarditis, and evidence of ongoing buprenorphine and methadone treatment. The impact of medication use on mortality and repeat episode of endocarditis was examined using survival analysis.

Results:
Overall, 26 individuals were included in the study. The mean duration of follow-up was 45.0 months (SD 7.2, range 34.0–56.0). During the index admission, 8 received buprenorphine, 8 received methadone, and 10 declined medications. During the follow-up period, 4 (15.4%) individuals died and 10 (38.5%) individuals experienced a repeat episode of endocarditis. Survival analysis of mortality (log-rank P = 0.066) and repeat episode of endocarditis (log-rank P = 0.86) comparing those who received buprenorphine, received methadone, and declined medication did not differ significantly.

Conclusions:
Initiation of medication treatment alone may not be sufficient to impact long-term mortality and rates of repeat episode of endocarditis. More research is needed to identify optimal treatment strategies for people who inject drugs with IE.