bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Regular Ground States of the Linear Boson Field in Terms of Soft Modes
Authors: Rieckers Alfred 
Published: January 2020

We supplement the characterization of the regular ground states of the linear boson field, as detailed in Segal (Illinois J. Math. 6 (1962), 500–523), Weinless (J. Funct. Anal. 4 (1969), 350–379) and Baez, Segal & Zhou (Introduction to algebraic and constructive quantum field theory, Princeton University Press, 1992, Princeton), by using more developed operator algebraic methods for general Weyl systems and by continuing ideas of Honegger & Rieckers (Photons in Fock space and beyond I, World Scientific, 2015, Singapore). For a linear boson field in the sense of Segal (Illinois J. Math. 6 (1962), 500–523) the originally real symplectic test function dynamics is given in terms of a continuous unitary group. The quantized field dynamics is realized via a continuous unitary group in a representation space of the Weyl commutation relations and specifies a quasifree automorphism group, which does not act strongly continuous on the C*-Weyl algebra.

If the generator of the test function dynamics is strictly positive, we show that the quasifree dynamical automorphism group is

R

-central. Under this condition, we determine the form of
all
“partially regular” ground states, which are regular only over a subspace of test functions, introduced in Segal (Illinois J. Math. 6 (1962), 500–523).
All
regular ground states are then
functional integrals
, in some weakened sense, over the bare vacua dressed by singular classical modes. If the ground states are nuclear continuous these functional integrals are proper ones.

If there are also time-invariant test functions then the related invariant quantum modes intervene into these superpositions of the pure regular ground states and complicate particularly the fully regular case.
Global features of the sets of (partially) regular ground states are detailed and compared with the ground state sets of C*-dynamical systems. By way of example, the vacuum dressing is interpreted as a soft-boson cloud, forming collective classical soft modes.
The Efficiency and Distributional Effects of Alternative Residential Electricity Rate Designs
Authors: Burger Scott P. , Knittel Christopher R. , Perez-Arriaga Ignacio J. , Schneider Ian , vom Scheidt Frederik 
Published: January 2020

Electricity tariffs typically charge residential users a volumetric rate that covers the bulk of energy, transmission, and distribution costs. The resulting prices, charged per unit of electricity consumed, do not reflect marginal costs and vary little across time and space. The emergence of distributed energy resources—such as solar photovoltaics and energy storage—has sparked interest among regulators and utilities in reforming electricity tariffs to enable more efficient utilization of these resources. The economic pressure to redesign electricity rates is countered by concerns of how more efficient rate structures might impact different socioeconomic groups. We analyze the bill impacts of alternative rate plans using interval metering data for more than 100,000 customers in the Chicago, Illinois area. We combine these data with granular Census data to assess the incidence of bill changes across different socioeconomic groups. We find that low-income customers would face bill increases on average in a transition to more economically efficient electricity tariffs. However, we demonstrate that simple changes to fixed charges in two-part tariffs can mitigate these disparities while preserving all, or the vast majority, of the efficiency gains. These designs rely exclusively on observable information and could be replicated by utilities in many geographies across the U.S.
Passion and market: the intertwining that makes the marketization of brazilian spectacle football
Authors: Reale Getúlio Sangalli , Dalmoro Marlon 
Published: January 2020

Objective: The marketization of the different social instances has pointed the market as the main intermediary of the social and cultural constructions in contemporary society, including football. Therefore, this study analyzeshow the process of marketization takes place through the intertwining between football’s cultural dimensions and the market ideology. Method: Through an interpretative approach, we perform an ethnographic study in the universe of one Brazilian football club, Sport Club Internacional.Originality/Relevance: Contributing with previous studies on consequences of the marketization process, results indicate how marketing producers and consumers naturalize passion and consumption discourses around a market ideology, shaping the marketization process.Results: We observed that both marketing producers and consumers mix the notions of ‘supporting’ and ‘consuming’ in a single discursive structure. This intertwining involves the approximation of supporters’ passion to the notion of consumer, reinforced by discourses of professionalization e the creation of new products. This process is conducted under the influence of euroamerican spectacularization of sport.Theoretical Contributions: We use the lenses of cultural and market studies to analyze a football club, demonstrating that market ideology disseminates, among other possible forms, modifying specific cultural relations, as football passion. Football marketization involves, thus, the transformation of football as a consumption cultural phenomenon mediated by economic rationality.
Research in Omnichannel retail: a systematic review and quantitative content analysis
Authors: João Belmiro N. , Pastore Ricardo 
Published: January 2020

Objective:This research aims to recognize innovating changes in global retail, identified by analysis of publications presented in high impact journals.Method: The first stage was exploring the essence of the omnichannel terms in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. Was selected 80 publications in business intending to map the academic production and thus promote a better understanding of how the academy is conducting research efforts, identifying the findings, and presenting opportunities for future studies. Originality/relevance: The omnichannel theme is emerging, demonstrates relevance, novelty, but still requires theoretical robustness, since it is a matter of practical nature in search of new theories to give it more conceptual support.Theoretical / Methodological contributions: The study, through a systematic review and quantitative content analysis, allowed mapping the academic activity on the topic, thus contributing to the advancement of future research. It also allowed us to conclude that this is an emerging topic, present in high impact journals, produced by researchers working in the leading research centers in the world.Social / Managerial contributions: For the manager, the unique, complete, and harmonious shopping experience is the focal point, not the technology.
Clinical characteristics and prognostic value of MEX3A mRNA in liver cancer
Authors: Yang Dingquan , Jiao Yan , Li Yanqing , Fang Xuedong 
Published: January 2020

Background
MEX3A is an RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that promotes the proliferation, invasion, migration and viability of cancer cells. The aim of this study was to explore the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic significance of MEX3A mRNA expression in liver cancer.

Methods
RNA-Seq and clinical data were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Boxplots were used to represent discrete variables of MEX3A. Chi-square tests were used to analyze the correlation between clinical features and MEX3A expression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to confirm diagnostic ability. Independent prognostic ability and values were assessed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox analysis.

Results
We acquired MEX3A RNA-Seq from 50 normal liver tissues and 373 liver cancer patients along with clinical data. We found that MEX3A was up-regulated in liver cancer which increased according to histological grade (p < 0.001). MEX3A showed moderate diagnostic ability for liver cancer (AUC = 0.837). Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox analysis revealed that the high expression of MEX3A was significantly associated with poor survival (OS and RFS) (p < 0.001). Moreover, MEX3A was identified as an independent prognostic factor of liver cancer (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
MEX3A expression shows promise as an independent predictor of liver cancer prognosis.
Occupation Noise Exposure and Hearing Impairment among Grain Millers in Ita-Amo Market, Ilorin Metropolis, Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Temitope Shehu Wasiu , Olawale Sawyerr Henry , Liman Ibrahim Moshood 
Published: January 2020

Occupational noise has been identified to cause health hazard on workers. Noise pollution annoys, causes hearing loss, and disturbs mental capacity and performance. Noise pollution is becoming increasingly more severe in cities and occupational setting, escalating at such a high rate that it is now considered as a major threat to the quality of human lives. This study aims to evaluate the level of occupational noise exposure, the effect of noise Grain Millers and the use of personal protective equipment. The study group included 54 mill operators comprising males and females, from 38 mill shops. Age ranges from 15 to 58 years. The Noise Measurement was taken three times a day on 7 different occasions during active milling using Mini-Sound Level Meter (Risepro HT-80A). A semi-structured interviewer questionnaire was conducted to elicit some information such as the source of noise, use of hearing protective device and effect of noise on hearing. This study result indicated that noise exposure depends on types of mill operation and machines used for milling activities This study revealed that the respondents were exposed to noise pollution ranging from 85-115.90 dB(A) with average value of 102 dB(A) which is above the standard of 85 dB(A) given by NESREA. Approximately 75% of the respondent experience temporary hearing and tinnitus shortly after work and 92.59% did not have any personal protective device or hearing protective device. Therefore, there is an urgent need for intervention and awareness on the effects of noise on health and the use of hearing protective devices should be strictly enforced by the appropriate authority.
Spruce Woodmeal for Newsprint Applications: A Handsheet Study
Authors: Dölle Klaus , Zier Sandro 
Published: January 2020

This study shows that spruce woodmeal can be an alternative cellulosic-based wood additive for newsprint applications. This study used unbleached wood flour produced from Spruce sawdust, ground and sieved to a particle size of 20-40 µm, 40-70 µm, 70-120 µm and 200-500 µm.
Woodmeal was added at levels of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% based on oven dry fiber content. The basis weight of the newsprint handsheet manufactured was 80 g/m². The study revealed the following outcomes:
Woodmeal with a particle size distribution of 20-40 µm had the highest density followed by woodmeal with 70–150 µm, 40-70 µm, and 200-500µm. Increasing the woodmeal amount resulted in higher porosity. Woodmeal with a particle size distribution of 20-40 µm gave the lowest porosity and a particle size of 40-70 µm gave the highest porosity.
The Tensile index and burst index show decreasing values for the addition of all woodmeals and particle sizes. Woodmeal with strength additive and a particle size of 20 – 40 µm outperforms the other woodmeal types at additions of 2%, 4%, 6% and 8%. For woodmeal with a particle size of 70–150 µm at an addition of 2% and 4% an increased and similar burst index resulted for the handsheets.
First pass retention and ash retention increased for all wood flours with a maximum at 92% and 81% respectively for the wood flour with a particle size of 40-70 µm.
PCBP2 post‐transcriptionally regulates sortilin expression by binding to a C‐rich element in its 3′ UTR
Authors: Yabe‐Wada Toshiki , Philpott Caroline C. , Onai Nobuyuki 
Published: January 2020

Post‐transcriptional regulation of cytokine production is crucial to ensure appropriate immune responses. We previously demonstrated that poly‐rC‐binding protein‐1 (PCBP1) can act as a trans‐acting factor to stabilize transcripts encoding sortilin, which mediates cytokine trafficking. Here, we report that PCBP2, which strongly resembles PCBP1, can stabilize sortilin transcripts in macrophages using the same mechanism employed by PCBP1. PCBP2 recognized the C‐rich element in the 3′ UTR of sortilin mRNA, and PCBP2 knockdown decreased sortilin transcripts, indicating that PCBP2 stabilizes sortilin mRNA by binding to its 3′ UTR. Zn2+ reversibly inhibited the nucleotide binding ability of PCBP2 in vitro. These findings suggest that both PCBP2 and PCBP1 may control the stability of sortilin transcripts by sensing intracellular Zn2+ levels in immune cells.
Baseline Gait Muscle Activation Patterns Differ for Osteoarthritis Patients Who Undergo Total Knee Arthroplasty Five to Eight Years Later From Those Who Do Not
Authors: Hatfield Gillian L. , Costello Kerry E. , Astephen Wilson Janie L. , Stanish William D. , Hubley‐Kozey Cheryl L. 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveTo determine if baseline quadriceps and hamstrings muscle activity patterns differed between those with medial‐compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA) who advanced to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and those who did not advance to TKA, and to examine associations between features extracted from principal component analysis (PCA) and discrete measures.MethodsSurface electromyograms of the vastus lateralis and medialis, rectus femoris, and lateral and medial hamstrings during walking were collected from 54 individuals with knee OA. Amplitude and temporal characteristics from PCA, co‐contraction indices (CCI) for lateral and medial muscle pairs, and root mean square (RMS) amplitudes for early, mid, late, and overall stance were calculated from electromyographic waveforms. At follow‐up 5 to 8 years later, 26 participants reported having undergone TKA. Analysis of variance models tested for differences in principal component (PC) scores and discrete measures between TKA and no‐TKA groups (α = 0.05). Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficients were calculated between PC scores and discrete variables.ResultsThe TKA group had higher hamstrings activity magnitudes (PC1), prolonged activity in mid stance (PC2) for all muscles, and greater lateral CCI. TKA had higher RMS hamstrings activity for all stance phases, and higher RMS mid‐ and late‐stance quadriceps activity. PC1 was highly correlated with RMS amplitude (highest overall and early stance). PC2 was correlated with mid‐ and late‐stance RMS. CCIs were correlated with PC1 and PC2, with greater variance explained for PC1.ConclusionThose who advanced to TKA had higher magnitudes and more prolonged agonist and antagonist activity, consistent with less joint unloading. These gait muscle activation patterns indicate a potential conservative intervention target.
Health Care Utilization for Musculoskeletal Issues During the Prediagnosis Period in Psoriatic Arthritis: A Population‐Based Study
Authors: Eder Lihi , Tu Karen , Rosen Cheryl F. , Alhusayen Raed , Cheng Stephanie Y. , Young Jacqueline , Campbell Willemina , Bernatsky Sasha , Gladman Dafna D. , Paterson J. Michael , Widdifield Jessica 
Published: January 2020

ObjectiveInformation about the prediagnosis period in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is limited. The present study was undertaken to compare health care utilization related to musculoskeletal issues during a 5‐year period prior to the diagnosis of PsA versus that of subjects with no prior inflammatory arthritis within a primary care setting.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based, matched cohort study using electronic medical records and administrative data in Ontario, Canada. Age‐ and sex‐matched cohorts of PsA patients and comparators from the same family physicians were assembled. Comparators were not allowed to have prior spondyloarthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, or rheumatoid arthritis billing code diagnoses. The study outcomes included health care utilization and costs related to nonspecific musculoskeletal issues during a 5‐year period prior to the index date.ResultsWe studied 462 PsA patients and 2,310 matched comparators. The odds ratio (OR) related to visiting a primary care physician for nonspecific musculoskeletal issues in patients with PsA was 2.14 (95% confidence interval 1.73–2.64) in the year immediately preceding the index date and was similarly elevated up to 5 years prior. The OR related to using other musculoskeletal‐related health care services, including musculoskeletal specialists visits, joint injections, joint imaging, and emergency department visits, was higher in PsA as early as 5 years preceding the index date. Total and musculoskeletal‐related health care costs prior to the index date were higher for patients with PsA versus comparators.ConclusionA prodromal PsA phase characterized by nonspecific musculoskeletal symptoms may exist. Further study is needed to determine if this represents a window for earlier diagnosis of PsA.
Exceptional Long Electron Lifetime in Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cell Made from Aqueous Lead Nitrate Precursor
Authors: Hsieh Tsung‐Yu , Pylnev Mikhail , Palomares Emilio , Wei Tzu‐Chien 
Published: January 2020

AbstractStudies on the photoelectronic properties of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) made from non‐PbI2 precursors are seldom reported. In this study, a series of transient techniques are applied to investigate the charge recombination and trap distribution in an efficient PSC fabricated using a low‐toxicity Pb(NO3)2/water protocol. A device with identical conversion efficiency fabricated using a conventional PbI2/dimethylformamide protocol is also studied for comparison. Transient photovoltage and time‐resolved photoluminescence analysis reveal that the Pb(NO3)2/water‐based device exhibits a long lifetime in both bimolecular and trap‐assisted recombination. However, differential capacitance and differential charging analysis indicate that there are more charges stored in the Pb(NO3)2/water‐based perovskite layer, which stretches the energy tail from band edge to midband and should provoke serious trap‐assisted recombination. The exceptional long electron lifetime in the Pb(NO3)2/water‐based device is explained by a benign defect inactivation, which originates from water and NO3− residues from the aqueous precursor solution and is involved in the formation of perovskite crystal. Consequently, despite the perovskite film made from Pb(NO3)2/water protocol possessing high trap density, its photovoltaic device still exhibits a long electron lifetime and superior photovoltaic properties.
Synthesis of 2‐(3‐Arylallylidene)‐3‐oxindoles via Dirhodium(II)‐Catalyzed Reaction of 3‐Diazoindolin‐2‐imines with 1‐Aryl‐Substituted Allylic Alcohols and Computational Insights
Authors: Gao Ke , Kou Luyao , Fu Rui , Bao Xiaoguang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA straightforward approach for the synthesis of 2‐(3‐arylallylidene)‐3‐oxindoles has been achieved by the dirhodium(II)‐catalyzed reaction of 3‐diazoindolin‐2‐imines with 1‐aryl‐substituted allylic alcohols. This protocol employs easily accessible feedstocks to produce oxindole derivatives, which might be applicable in the dye industry. DFT calculations were carried out to gain a mechanistic insight into the reaction.magnified image
Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Enantioselective C−H Alkenylation of Ferrocenecarboxylic Acid
Authors: Huang Yanzhen , Pi Chao , Cui Xiuling , Wu Yangjie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe palladium‐catalyzed enantioselective C−H alkenylation of ferrocenecarboxylic acid has been developed. A series of 2‐alkenyl ferrocenecarboxylic acids with planar chirality were obtained using molecular oxygen as an oxidant. This protocol starts from less expensive and readily available starting materials and provides the target products as a key intermediate in organic synthesis.magnified image
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous extract of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam and evaluation of their bio‐activities under in vitro and in vivo conditions
Authors: Ahmeda Ahmad , Zangeneh Akram , Kalbasi Roozbeh Javad , Seydi Niloofar , Zangeneh Mohammad Mahdi , Mansouri Sanaz , Goorani Samaneh , Moradi Rohallah 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this experiment was the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous extracts of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam (AgNPs@Ziziphora) and assessment of their cytotoxicity, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and cutaneous wound‐healing effects. These nanoparticles were characterized using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (FESEM‐EDX), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV–Vis, TEM, and FESEM analyses indicated that the size of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) depended on Z. clinopodioides and AgNO3 concentrations. In vitro biological experiments indicated that AgNPs@Ziziphora has excellent antioxidant potential against DPPH, antifungal effects against Candida guilliermondii, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, and Candida albicans, and antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pneumonia, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Also, these nanoparticles did not exhibit cytotoxicity property against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). An in vivo biological test revealed that AgNPs@Ziziphora ointment significantly (p ≤ 0.01) increased the levels of wound contracture, blood vessels, hydroxyl proline, hexuronic acid, hexosamine, fibrocytes, fibroblasts, and fibrocyte/fibroblast ratio and significantly (p ≤ 0.01) decreased the wound area, and levels of total cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes than other groups in rats. The results of UV–Vis, XRD, FESEM‐EDX, AFM, and TEM confirmed that the aqueous extract of Z. clinopodioides can be used to produce silver nanoparticles with significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cutaneous wound‐healing properties without any cytotoxicity.