bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors of uncontrolled periprosthetic knee joint infection after two-stage reimplantation
Authors: Kim Du-Han , Bae Ki-Cheor , Kim Dong-Wan , Choi Byung-Chan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Periprosthetic infection after total knee arthroplasty is a challenging problem, and physicians should identify risk factors to decrease recurrence. However, risk factors for reinfection with two-stage reimplantation have not yet been well established. The purpose of this study was to assess treatment outcomes of subsequent two-stage knee reimplantation and identify risk factors for uncontrolled periprosthetic knee joint infections.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 70 knees diagnosed with a periprosthetic knee joint infection treated with two-stage reimplantation between September 2011 and October 2016 at our institution. Patients in the controlled infection group (group C) required no further medication or surgical treatment within 2 years after reimplantation. Patients in the uncontrolled infection group (group U) displayed symptoms of active infection after resection arthroplasty or were reinfected after two-stage reimplantation. We compared group C and group U, and analyzed potential risk factors for uncontrolled prosthetic joint infection (PJI).

Results
Of 70 knees included in this analysis, 53 (75.7%) were clinically deemed free from infection at the latest follow-up. The remaining 17 knees (24.3%) required additional surgical procedures after two-stage reimplantation. Demographics were not statistically significantly different between the two groups. Wound complications were statistically more frequent in group U (p = 0.030). Pre-reimplantation C-reactive protein (CRP) was statistically different between groups C and U (0.44 and 1.70, respectively, p = 0.025). Among the cultured microorganisms, fungus species were statistically more frequently detected in group U compared with group C (p = 0.031).

Conclusions
The reinfection rate of our two-stage reimplantation protocol was 24.3% in the included cases. Wound complications, higher pre-reimplantation CRP levels, and fungus species were statistically more common in group U compared with group C. Our findings will help in counseling patients and physicians to understand that additional caution may be required when treating PJI if the aforementioned risk factors are present.

Level of evidence
IV, case series.
Demystifying neuroscience laboratory techniques used to investigate single-gene disorders
Authors: Mizen Lindsay A. M. , Stanfield Andrew C. 
Published: May 2020

SUMMARYThere is considerable work being carried out in neuroscientific laboratories to delineate the mechanisms underlying single-gene disorders, particularly those related to intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. Many clinicians will have little if any direct experience of this type of work and so find the procedures and terminology difficult to understand. This article describes some of the laboratory techniques used and their increasing relevance to clinical practice. It is pitched for clinicians with little or no laboratory science background.
Toward a Common Goal: Improving Safety of Oral Chemotherapy Prescribing Practices at a Jurisdictional Level
Authors: Campbell Marla , Vu Kathy , Pardhan Aliya , Gallo-Hershberg Daniela , Ku Rosemary , Redwood Erin , Simanovski Vicky , Krzyzanowska Monika K. 
Published: May 2020

PURPOSE: Extending the safety agenda from parenteral to oral chemotherapy was identified as a provincial improvement priority in the 2014-2019 Cancer Care Ontario (CCO) Systemic Treatment Provincial Plan. Elimination of handwritten prescriptions for oral chemotherapy was one of the specific goals and led to a provincial quality improvement (QI) initiative involving systemic treatment facilities across 14 regional cancer programs. METHODS: The initiative was centrally organized by CCO but locally implemented by the regional partners. CCO provided templates and tools, such as preprinted orders (PPOs), project charters, and an evaluation plan, and facilitated cross-jurisdictional knowledge sharing and exchange. Regions had flexibility in determining their local implementation strategies and were responsible for conducting chart audits to evaluate implementation success. Each participating hospital completed 3 audits—at baseline, immediately after implementation (audit 1), and 1 year later (audit 2)—using either a clinic-based or an outpatient pharmacy–based assessment. RESULTS: Thirty-five facilities providing systemic treatment participated. At baseline, the provincial average for the use of computerized physician order entry (CPOE) or PPOs for prescribing oral chemotherapy was 71%. After implementation of the QI initiative, the provincial average for the use of CPOE or PPO increased to 91% at audit 1 and 95% at audit 2. CONCLUSION: Although not all facilities met the goal of 100% CPOE or PPO compliance, the QI initiative led to improvement in safe prescribing practices for oral chemotherapy. A coordinated QI approach between a central decision maker and local partners can be an effective strategy to encourage high-quality cancer care and promote a culture of safety across a jurisdiction.
O (nie)widoczności prowadzącego spotkanie ze świadkiem historii – wstępna typologia ról inicjujących wywiady narracyjne
Authors: Duda Beata , Sujkowska-Sobisz Katarzyna , Ciesek-Ślizowska Bernadetta 
Published: May 2020

ON THE (IN)VISIBILITY OF THE LEADER IN A MEETING WITH A WITNESS OF HISTORY: A PRELIMINARY TYPOLOGY OF ROLES THAT INITIATE NARRATIVE INTERVIEWS
The paper reflects on sender-recipient relations characteristic for the participants of a narrative interview with a witness of history. The research material comprises 1931 verbal activities, collected in the Archive of Oral History of The Warsaw Rising Museum, of people who conducted 32 meetings with participants of the Warsaw Uprising in 1944. The application of the interactive concept of text allowed us to create a preliminary typology of the activities of meeting leaders, viz. to identify four types of initiation: the opening, the complementary, the deepening and ordering, and the reactive one. Further analyses led to the identification of roles taken on by people who conduct meetings with witnesses of history, which we named the journalist, the researcher, and the friend.
Problemy opisu staropolskiej derywacji czasownikowej
Authors: Janowska Aleksandra 
Published: May 2020

PROBLEMS IN THE DESCRIPTION OF OLD POLISH VERBAL DERIVATION
The article discusses the problems associated with the description of verbal derivation in the earliest period of the Polish language. The type of linguistic material that was preserved, the slight amount of attestations, the lack of clarity of the context, are all responsible for the appearance of difficulties associated with the word-formative description of verbs already at the level of the separation of linguistic facts, the establishment of the formant that we are dealing with. Even greater problems are associated with the establishment of the semantic value of derivatives, and with the indication of motivation relations. The author considers the extent to which the methodology that was developed upon contemporary material may be used in research of this kind. She also points out the scholarly ‘neglected’ areas of verbal word-formation of this period.
Identyfikacja tematów na *-(j)ū w materiale polskim i słowiańskim
Authors: Janczulewicz Paweł 
Published: May 2020

IDENTIFICATION OF *-(j)ū-STEMS IN POLISH AND SLAVIC MATERIAL
The paper discusses the question of the substitution of the stem suffix *-ъv- for the suffix *-ъka, which converts words from the *-(j)ū- to the *-a-declension, as well as the problem of identification of original *-(j)ū-stems. An analysis of Polish and Slavic material leads to the conclusion that a part of nouns that are commonly regarded as *-(j)ū-stems have in fact a different origin: some can be derived from collective nouns in *-va (still productive in East Slavic), e.g. *kuropъtva, *plotva, *ǫtva, and a part have probably been extended with an unmotivated labial element -v- which has the appearance of a relic of a *-ū-stem, but appears most commonly after roots that end in a velar consonant or a spirant-stop sequence. The paper argues against the hypothesis about late (Proto-)Slavic activization of *-ū-stems and proposes instead that a part of this class had been eliminated at a prehistoric stage, depending on the quality of the stem consonant.
Super-PON: an evolution for access networks [Invited]
Authors: DeSanti Claudio , Du Liang , Guarin Jhon , Bone Jason , Lam Cedric F. 
Published: May 2020

Passive optical networks (PONs) have been widely used in access
networks and are today the access technology of choice for operators,
especially when they need to build new infrastructure. Significant
effort has been put in place across the years to scale the speed of
passive optical networks. The super-PON concept has also been proposed
in order to scale reach and customer aggregation of PONs. However, it
did not produce any standardization efforts nor significant commercial
deployments. In November 2018, the IEEE 802.3 Working Group formed the
P802.3cs “Super-PON” Task Force to standardize a flavor of super-PON
able to support an increased optical reach of up to 50 km and an
expanded customer coverage of up to 1024 customers per fiber over a
passive optical distribution network. A project with near identical
objectives was later started in ITU-T Q2/SG15. This paper presents the
latest updates from these industry standardization efforts, with
special attention to the activity of the IEEE P802.3cs Task Force, and
the technical reasoning behind some of the key decisions that have
been made.
Coherent MIMO radar network enabled by photonics with unprecedented resolution
Authors: Maresca Salvatore , Scotti Filippo , Serafino Giovanni , Lembo Leonardo , Malacarne Antonio , Falconi Fabio , Ghelfi Paolo , Bogoni Antonella 
Published: May 2020

The conventional concept of radar is based on stand-alone and independent apparatuses. Superior performance is possible, exploiting distributed points of view (i.e., distributed radars) and centralized data fusion, but systems based only on radio-frequency technology are not able to guarantee the requested degree of coherence and high capacity links among radars. In the current distributed systems, radars act almost independently from each other. Thus, data fusion, which must be performed on locally pre-processed information, can only exploit partial information content, harming the imaging capability of the distributed system. Here we present, to the best of our knowledge, the first extended analysis and experiment of a distributed coherent multiple input-multiple output radar system, enabled by photonics, which maximizes the information content extracted by a centralized data fusion, providing unprecedented resolution capabilities. Stepping from previous achievements, where photonics has been demonstrated in single radars, here photonics is used also for providing coherence and high capacity links among radars. The numerical analysis also demonstrated the benefits of coherent multi-band operation for sidelobe reduction, i.e., false alarms reduction.
The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power, S. Zuboff (2019)
Authors: Tortajada Iolanda 
Published: May 2020

Review of: The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power, S. Zuboff (2019)
New York: PublicAffairs, 704 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-61039-570-0, h/bk, $38, p/bk, $19.99
Mutaciones discursivas en el siglo XXI: la política en los medios y las redes, N. Pellisser Rossell and J. M. Oleaque Moreno (eds) (2019)
Authors: Calvo Dafne 
Published: May 2020

Review of: Mutaciones discursivas en el siglo XXI: la política en los medios y las redes, N. Pellisser Rossell and J. M. Oleaque Moreno (eds) (2019)
Valencia: Tirant lo Blanch, 391 pp.,
ISBN 978-8-41770-623-4, p/bk, €25
Community music as intervention: Three doctoral researchers consider intervention from their different contexts
Authors: Currie Ruth , Gibson Jo , Lam Chi Ying 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
There is a rising critique of the process and position of decision-making across music interventions, which has been evidenced through the MUSOC research network debates that we, as doctoral students, have participated in. In this article, we specifically discuss ‘intervention’ as ‘deliberate strategies that seek to enable people to find self-expression through musical means’ (Bartleet and Higgins 2018: 3). We offer three perspectives from three different intervention contexts: community music in schools, organizational settings and music-making workshops. Through this article, we share and reflect on our experience with intervention and decision making within our practice. We give specific focus to: how intentions and motivations underpinning interventionist practice manifest in different contexts; how this is currently informed by the decision-making structures through which community music is practised in each context; and, the extent to which dominant modes of practice have potential to disempower participants, including how they are reinforced and re-enacted through this process. Finally, we suggest that how we talk about intervention across peers, and how we enact it through our practice as practitioners and researchers is possibly misaligned. This warrants further consideration if explorations of the term ‘intervention’ are to feed into discussion and action for responsible practice.
Políticas públicas de formação para professores da Educação Básica: estudo sobre a formação por EaD
Authors: Araújo Gracieda dos Santos 
Published: May 2020

Este artigo pretende discutir as políticas de formação de professores da Educação Básica no Brasil, com ênfase à modalidade de ensino por Educação à Distância – EaD, refletindo-se sobre o ensino oferecido pelas Instituições de Ensino Superior privado – IES, e suas implicações para a formação dos filhos da classe trabalhadora da cidade e do campo. A discussão gira em torno da atual conjuntura política do país, trazendo para o debate os limites e desafios que ações governamentais, realizadas a partir do ano de 2016, representam à educação pública. A metodologia utilizada consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica. Como referência, nos baseamos em teóricos como: Duarte (2010, 2004), Martins (2010), Saviani (1995, 2009 e 2011), dentre outros, bem como em dados da Avaliação Nacional da Alfabetização – ANA (2016) e do Sindicato das Mantenedoras de Ensino Superior – SEMESP (2015). Constata-se que, no contexto das sociedades organizadas a partir do modo de produção capitalista, a formação do professor se dá por meio do desenvolvimento das políticas públicas oriundas das políticas neoliberais, influenciadas pelas demandas do mercado e das suas exigências de formação. Tudo isso por meio de práticas pedagógicas esvaziadas de sentido e que possam favorecer, de fato, uma educação capaz de contribuir para a superação da sociedade de classes.
Designing Informal Vs Formal Education Activities—What We Have Learned
Authors: Burghardt M. David , Hecht Deborah 
Published: May 2020

This paper examines the differences and challenges encountered when trying to create informal blended (virtual and hands-on) engineering design STEM activities. It contrasts the creation of STEM activities for formal and informal learning environments, stressing that the differences extend far beyond the length of the activity or depth of any learning goals. The discussion begins with an examination of differences between the two learning environments that need to be taken into consideration. These differences include the physical environments, organizational structures, and the goals or reasons for the delivery of STEM activities in both environments. The paper continues by explaining why curriculum developers must be mindful of the context that will be implementing the activities, including space and time availability. The facilitators who deliver STEM activities are likely to have very different backgrounds in formal school settings compared to informal settings. Furthermore, it is important to recognize that youth in informal settings often push back when activities seem too “school-like.” The paper concludes by presenting a detailed examination of the iterative process used to develop blended engineering design STEM activities in an informal setting. This process involved several revisions and tests of materials with youth in informal settings.
Perbandingan Efektivitas Premedikasi MgSO4 40 mg/Kgbb dengan Klonidin 1 mcg/Kgbb Intravena sebagai Ajuvan untuk Teknik Hipotensi Kendali pada Bedah Sinus Endoskopik Fungsional
Authors: Purwaningrum Kausarina , Wahab Abdul , Seweng Arifin 
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang: Teknik hipotensi kendali akan mengurangi perdarahan sehingga lapang pandang operasi lebih jelas dan kemungkinan komplikasi dapat dihindari.Tujuan: Membandingkan efektivitas premedikasi MgSO4 40 mg/kgBB dengan Klonidin 1 mcg/kgBB intravena sebagai ajuvan teknik hipotensi kendali pada bedah sinus endoskopik fungsional pada anestesi umum.Metode: Penelitian eksperimental secara acak tersamar tunggal. Total sampel 48 orang yang menjalani bedah sinus endoskopik fungsional. Sampel dibagi dalam dua kelompok perlakuan, kelompok pertama diberikan premedikasi MgSO4 40 mg/kgBB (n=24) dan kelompok kedua diberikan Klonidin 1 mcg/kgBB (n=24). Selama periode hipotensi kendali, setiap 15 menit ahli THT memberikan penilaian numerik dari kondisi lapangan operasi menggunakan skala Fromme dan Boezzart. Data non parametrik diuji dengan uji Mann-Whitney.Hasil: Tampilan lapangan pandang operasi pada bedah sinus endoskopik fungsional pada kedua kelompok tidak berbeda bermakna (p>0,05)Simpulan: Premedikasi MgSO4 40 mg/kgBB intravena sama efektif dengan Klonidin 1 mcg/kgBB sebagai ajuvan dalam teknik hipotensi kendali dan memberikan tampilan lapangan operasi yang bersih pada bedah sinus endoskopik fungsional.
Keberhasilan Setelah Henti Jantung selama Torakotomi Emergensi disebabkan Luka Penetrasi Trauma Torak pada Kondisi Dengan Keterbatasan Fasilitas
Authors: Camary Mumya , Nasution Akhyar H , Arifin Hasanul 
Published: May 2020

Latar Belakang: Sebuah torakotomi darurat (kadang-kadang disebut sebagai torakotomi resusitasi) adalah torakotomi yang dilakukan untuk meresusitasi seseorang yang telah terluka parah setelah mengalami trauma berat pada rongga dada. Henti jantung dapat terjadi selama prosedur torakotomi yang memerlukan pijat jantung internal dan defibrilasi. Manajemen yang cepat dengan Kombinasi ramalan klinis, kemampuan untuk melihat perubahan tanda-tanda klinis, dan keberanian untuk melakukan prosedur bedah sederhana namun menyelamatkan nyawa dapat membawa perbedaan hasil bagi pasien luka dada bahkan di tempat dengan sumber daya terbatas.Kasus: Laki-laki, 31 tahun, berat badan perkiraan 70 kg dirawat di Rumah Sakit Haji Adam Malik dengan keluhan luka tusuk di dada kiri. Pemrisaan ronsen dada menunjukkan hemothorax luas di sisi kiri. Dokter bedah membuka dada yang terkena luka tusuk dan terlihat kolaps paru dengan darah diperkirakan 2.500 ml dari hemitoraks kiri, ahli bedah memutuskan untuk melakukan sternotomy dan kemudian menemukan robekan pada arteri mamaria interna kiri dan diligasi, ditemukan robek ventrikel kanan tetapi tidak ada pendarahan dari luka. Serangan jantung terjadi dan ahli bedah mulai pijat jantung internal dan resusitasi cairan, 15 menit setelahnya EKG menunjukkan VF, defibrilasi internal pada 20 joule, EKG menunjukkan sinus takikardia 145/min, setelah mengontrol perdarahan, prosedur operasi selesai dan dilakukan pemasangan selang dada. Pasien dipindahkan ke ICU untuk observasi. Pasien stabil dan tidak ada komplikasi pada pasca operasi . Pasien dipulangkan pada harike 8 pasca operasi.Ringkasan: Keputusan untuk melakukan torakotomi darurat melibatkan evaluasi yang cermat di bidang ilmiah, isu-isu etika, sosial dan ekonomi. Manajemen yang cepat dengan Kombinasi ramalan klinis, kemampuan untuk melihat perubahan tanda-tanda klinis, dan keberanian untuk melakukan prosedur bedah sederhana namun menyelamatkan nyawa dapat membawa perbedaan hasil bagi pasien luka dada bahkan di tempat dengan sumber daya terbatasTabungan Waktu adalah tabungan hidup.
Genomic Variant Analyses in Pyrethroid Resistant and Susceptible Malaria Vector, Anopheles sinensis
Authors: Chang Xuelian , Zhong Daibin , Wang Xiaoming , Bonizzoni Mariangela , Li Yiji , Zhou Guofa , Cui Liwang , Wei Xing , Yan Guiyun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Anopheles sinensis is a major malaria vector in Southeast Asia. Resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in this species has impeded malaria control in the region. Previous studies found that An. sinensis populations from Yunnan Province, China were highly resistant to deltamethrin and did not carry mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene that cause knockdown resistance. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that other genomic variants are associated with the resistance phenotype. Using paired-end whole genome sequencing (DNA-seq), we generated 108 Gb of DNA sequence from deltamethrin -resistant and -susceptible mosquito pools with an average coverage of 83.3× depth. Using a stringent filtering method, we identified a total of 916,926 single nucleotide variants (SNVs), including 32,240 non-synonymous mutations. A total of 958 SNVs differed significantly in allele frequency between deltamethrin -resistant and -susceptible mosquitoes. Of these, 43 SNVs were present within 37 genes that code for immunity, detoxification, cuticular, and odorant proteins. A subset of 12 SNVs were randomly selected for genotyping of individual mosquitoes by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and showed consistent allele frequencies with the pooled DNA-seq derived allele frequencies. In addition, copy number variations (CNVs) were detected in 56 genes, including 33 that contained amplification alleles and 23 that contained deletion alleles in resistant mosquitoes compared to susceptible mosquitoes. The genomic variants described here provide a useful resource for future studies on the genetic mechanism of insecticide resistance in this important malaria vector species.
Dilemas éticos en el escenario de la inteligencia artificial
Authors: González Arencibia Mario , Martínez Cardero Dagmaris 
Published: May 2020

La importancia del tratamiento del tema asociado a los usos maliciosos de los resultados de la Inteligencia Artificial, está marcando el debate actual de los estudios que se realizan desde las instituciones académicas, por sus implicaciones negativas en el escenario social. En este sentido el propósito de esta investigación, consiste en repensar los dilemas éticos de los desarrollos tecnológicos en el marco de la sociedad digital. Con este propósito la pregunta de investigación es la siguiente: ¿Cómo eliminar los riesgos de un uso malicioso del desarrollo tecnológico en el ámbito de la Inteligencia Artificial? El estudio permite, identificar los puntos críticos que están afectando la sociedad desde las aplicaciones tecnológicas, y promover el debate en torno, a sus soluciones. La conclusión central es que la epistemología para la solución de los dilemas éticos, está por encima de la naturaleza técnica de la Inteligencia Artificial, y exige repensar este fenómeno desde un enfoque multidisciplinario con énfasis en el componente social, observando la práctica de la construcción de los sistemas digitales y sus algoritmos desde un enfoque ético.