bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost‐effectiveness of prenatal screening methods for congenital heart defects in pregnancies conceived by in‐vitro fertilization
Authors: Chung E. H. , Lim S. L. , Havrilesky L. J. , Steiner A. Z. , Dotters‐Katz S. K. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo determine if a policy of universal fetal echocardiography (echo) in pregnancies conceived by in‐vitro fertilization (IVF) is cost‐effective as a screening strategy for congenital heart defects (CHDs) and to examine the cost‐effectiveness of various other CHD screening strategies in IVF pregnancies.MethodsA decision‐analysis model was designed from a societal perspective with respect to the obstetric patient, to compare the cost‐effectiveness of three screening strategies: (1) anatomic ultrasound (US): selective fetal echo following abnormal cardiac findings on detailed anatomic survey; (2) intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) only: fetal echo for all pregnancies following IVF with ICSI; (3) all IVF: fetal echo for all IVF pregnancies. The model initiated at conception and had a time horizon of 1 year post‐delivery. The sensitivities and specificities for each strategy, the probabilities of major and minor CHDs and all other clinical estimates were derived from the literature. Costs, including imaging, consults, surgeries and caregiver productivity losses, were derived from the literature and Medicare databases, and are expressed in USA dollars ($). Effectiveness was quantified as quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs), based on how the strategies would affect the quality of life of the obstetric patient. Secondary effectiveness was quantified as number of cases of CHD and, specifically, cases of major CHD, detected.ResultsThe average base‐case cost of each strategy was as follows: anatomic US, $8119; ICSI only, $8408; and all IVF, $8560. The effectiveness of each strategy was as follows: anatomic US, 1.74487 QALYs; ICSI only, 1.74497 QALYs; and all IVF, 1.74499 QALYs. The ICSI‐only strategy had an incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $2 840 494 per additional QALY gained when compared to the anatomic‐US strategy, and the all‐IVF strategy had an ICER of $5 692 457 per additional QALY when compared with the ICSI‐only strategy. Both ICERs exceeded considerably the standard willingness‐to‐pay threshold of $50 000–$100 000 per QALY. In a secondary analysis, the ICSI‐only strategy had an ICER of $527 562 per additional case of major CHD detected when compared to the anatomic‐US strategy. All IVF had an ICER of $790 510 per case of major CHD detected when compared with ICSI only. It was determined that it would cost society five times more to detect one additional major CHD through intensive screening of all IVF pregnancies than it would cost to pay for the neonate's first year of care.ConclusionThe most cost‐effective method of screening for CHDs in pregnancies following IVF, either with or without ICSI, is to perform a fetal echo only when abnormal cardiac findings are noted on the detailed anatomy scan. Performing routine fetal echo for all IVF pregnancies is not cost‐effective. © 2020 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Identifying Individual Jaguars and Ocelots via Pattern‐Recognition Software: Comparing HotSpotter and Wild‐ID
Authors: Nipko Robert B. , Holcombe Brogan E. , Kelly Marcella J. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTCamera‐trapping is widespread in wildlife studies, especially for species with individually unique markings to which capture–recapture analytical techniques can be applied. The large volume of data such studies produce have encouraged researchers to increasingly look to computer‐assisted pattern‐recognition software to expedite individual identifications, but little work has been done to formally assess such software for camera‐trap data. We used 2 sets of camera‐trap images—359 images of jaguars (Panthera onca) and 332 images of ocelots (Leopardus pardalis) collected from camera traps deployed in 4 study sites in Orange Walk District, Belize, in 2015 and 2016—to compare the accuracy of 2 such programs, HotSpotter and Wild‐ID, and assess the effect of image quality on matching success. Overall, HotSpotter selected a correct match as its top rank 71–82% of the time, whereas the rate for Wild‐ID was 58–73%. Positive matching rates for both programs were highest for high‐quality images (85–99%) and lowest for low‐quality images (28–52%). False match rates were very low for HotSpotter (0–2%) but these were greater in Wild‐ID (6–28%). When lower ranks were also considered, both programs performed similarly (overall 22–24% nonmatches for HotSpotter, 17–26% nonmatches for Wild‐ID). We found that in both programs, images more often matched to other images of the same quality; therefore, including multiple reference images of an individual, of different qualities, improves matching success. These programs do not provide fully automatic identification of individuals and human involvement is still required to confirm matches, but we found that they are effective tools to expedite processing of camera‐trap data. We also offer usage recommendations for researchers to maximize the benefits of these tools. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Analytical solutions of static bending of curved Timoshenko microbeams using Eringen's two‐phase local/nonlocal integral model
Authors: Zhang Pei , Qing Hai , Gao Cun‐Fa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTo eliminate the paradox that Eringen's differential nonlocal model leads to some inconsistencies for the cantilever beams, the original integral nonlocal model restarts to attract a lot of attention. In this paper, Eringen's two‐phase local/nonlocal integral model is utilized to predict the size‐effect on curved Timoshenko microbeams. The governing equations and corresponding boundary conditions are derived via Hamilton's principle. By using the Laplace transform technique and merely adjusting the limit of integrals, the integral constitutive equations are transformed from Fredholm type into Volterra integral equations of the second kind and solved uniquely containing several unknown constants, which are determined through the boundary conditions and extra constrained equations from integral constitutive relationships. The analytical solutions are derived explicitly and are validated against the straight Timoshenko beam for the large‐radius curved case. The results show a consistent softening effect of two nonlocal parameters on the bending behavior of the curved Timoshenko microbeams under different boundary conditions.
The correlation function of (1, 1) and (2, 2) supersymmetric theories with $$ T\overline{T} $$ deformation
Authors: He Song , Sun Jia-Rui , Sun Yuan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In the paper, we compute the correlation functions in 2D

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= (1, 1) and

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= (2, 2) superconformal field theories with

$$ T\overline{T} $$

T

T
¯

deformation up to the first order of the deformation in terms of perturbation theory. With the help of superconformal Ward identity in

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= (1, 1) and

$$ \mathcal{N} $$

N

= (2, 2) theories and careful regularization, the correlation functions in the deformed theory can be obtained up to the first order perturbation. This study is the extension from previous bosonic

$$ T\overline{T} $$

T

T
¯

deformation to the supersymmetric one.
“Don’t Blast”: blast-in-place (BiP) operations of dumped World War munitions in the oceans significantly increase hazards to the environment and the human seafood consumer
Authors: Maser Edmund , Strehse Jennifer S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe seas worldwide are threatened by a “new” source of pollution: millions of tons of all kind of warfare material have been dumped intentionally after World War I and II, in addition to mine barriers, failed detonations as well as shot down military planes and sunken ship wrecks carrying munitions. For example, in the German parts of the North and Baltic Sea approximately 1.6 million metric tons of toxic conventional explosives (TNT and others) and more than 5000 metric tons of chemical weapons are present. Such unexploded ordnance (UXO) constitutes a direct risk of detonation with increased human access (fisheries, water sports, cable constructions, wind farms and pipelines). Moreover, after more than 70 years of resting on the seabed, the metal shells of these munitions items corrode, such that chemicals leak out and distribute in the marine environment. Explosive chemicals such as TNT and its derivatives are known for their toxicity and carcinogenicity. In order not to endanger today's shipping traffic or the installation of pipelines and offshore plants by uncontrolled explosions, controlled blast-in-place (BiP) operations of these dangerous relics is a common practice worldwide. However, blast-in-place methods of in situ munitions disposal often result in incomplete (low-order) detonation, leaving substantial quantities of the explosive material in the environment. In the present free field investigation, we placed mussels (Mytilus spp.) as a biomonitoring system in an area of the Baltic Sea where BiP operations took place and where, by visual inspections by scientific divers, smaller and larger pieces of munitions-related materials were scattered on the seafloor. After recovery, the mussels were transferred to our laboratory and analyzed for TNT and its derivatives via gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Our data unequivocally demonstrate that low-order BiP operations of dumped munitions in the sea lead to multiple increases in the concentration of TNT and its metabolites in the mussels when compared to similar studies at corroding but still encased mines. For this reason, we explicitly criticize BiP operations because of the resulting environmental hazards, which can ultimately even endanger human seafood consumers.
Hydrodynamic reception in the Australian water rat, Hydromys chrysogaster
Authors: Hanke Wolf , Meyer Sabine , Bleckmann Horst , Dehnhardt Guido 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Australian water rat,Hydromys chrysogaster, preys on a wide variety of aquatic and semiaquatic arthropods and vertebrates, including fish. A frequently observed predatory strategy ofHydromysis sitting in wait at the water's edge with parts of its vibrissae submersed. Here we show thatHydromyscan detect water motions with its whiskers. Behavioural thresholds range from 1.0 to 9.4 mm s−1water velocity, based on maximal horizontal water velocity in the area covered by the whiskers. This high sensitivity to water motions would enableHydromysto detect fishes passing by. No responses to surface waves generated by a vibrating rod and resembling the surface waves caused by struggling insects were found.
Optical effects on HDR calibration via a multiple exposure noise-based workflow
Authors: Karr Brian A. , Debattista Kurt , Chalmers Alan G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHigh dynamic range (HDR) technology allows more of the lighting in a specific scene to be captured at a set point in time, and thus is capable of delivering an overall view of the scene that more closely correlates with our visual experience in the real world, compared to standard, or low dynamic range (LDR) technology. Although HDR capabilities of single exposure capture systems are improving, the traditional method for creating HDR images still includes combing a number of different exposures, captured with an LDR system, into a single HDR image. Several use cases requiring absolute calibration of the resulting HDR luminance map have been undertaken, but none of these have provided a detailed analysis of the optical effects of glare on the results. We develop a calibrated HDR radiance map, including methodical linearization of captured image data, while characterizing the limitations due to the effects of optical glare. A purposely designed controlled test scene is used to challenge the calibrated reconstruction efforts, including low luminance levels, spatial inclusion of lens vignette over the full imaged area, and optical glare. Results demonstrate that even with careful processing and recombination of the LDR data, radiometric accuracy is limited as a result of glare. The proposed approach performs better than calibration methods in commercially available HDR recombination software.
Neuronal surface autoantibodies in dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gibson Lucy L. , McKeever Anna , Cullen Alexis E. , Nicholson Timothy R. , Aarsland Dag , Zandi Michael S. , Pollak Thomas A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Neuronal antibodies can cause encephalopathy syndromes often presenting with subacute cognitive impairment, sometimes resembling neurodegenerative dementias.

Methods
We searched Medline and Embase for studies reporting associations between neuronal surface antibodies in all-cause dementia versus controls. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool adjusted estimates across studies.

Results
Six studies were included, all reporting frequency of serum NMDAR antibodies in dementia with four also reporting frequency in atypical dementias. Both IgG [OR = 8.09 (1.51; 56.85), p = 0.036] and IgA/IgM NMDAR antibodies [OR = 42.48 (11.39; 158.52), p < 0.001] were associated with atypical dementia, but neither were associated with all-cause dementia.

Discussion
In the first meta-analysis to explore this literature, serum IgG and IgA/IgM NMDAR antibodies were significantly more common in atypical dementias. However, methodological issues and small-sample sizes necessitate caution interpreting this result. Further studies measuring both serum and CSF antibodies are needed to investigate the role of neuronal antibodies in dementia, since evidence of pathogenicity in even a subset of patients could pave the way for novel treatment options.
Multi-targeted trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase I harbors a novel peroxisomal targeting signal 1 and is essential for flowering and development
Authors: Kataya Amr R. A. , Elshobaky Ahmed , Heidari Behzad , Dugassa Nemie-Feyissa , Thelen Jay J. , Lillo Cathrine 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Main conclusion
This work reveals information about new peroxisomal targeting signals type 1 and identifies trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase I as multitargeted and is implicated in plant development, reproduction, and stress response.

Abstract
A putative, non-canonical peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1) Pro-Arg-Met > was identified in the extreme C-terminus of trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP)I. TPP catalyzes the final step of trehalose synthesis, and the enzyme was previously characterized to be nuclear only (Krasensky et al. in Antioxid Redox Signal 21(9):1289–1304, 2014). Here we show that the TPPI C-terminal decapeptide ending with Pro-Arg-Met > or Pro-Lys-Met > can indeed function as a PTS1. Upon transient expression in two plant expression systems, the free C- or N-terminal end led to the full-length TPPI targeting to peroxisomes and plastids, respectively. The nucleus and nucleolus targeting of the full-length TPPI was observed in both cases. The homozygous T-DNA insertion line of TPPI showed a pleiotropic phenotype including smaller leaves, shorter roots, delayed flowering, hypersensitivity to salt, and a sucrose dependent seedling development. Our results identify novel PTS1s, and TPPI as a protein multi-targeted to peroxisomes, plastids, nucleus, and nucleolus. Altogether our findings implicate an essential role for TPPI in development, reproduction, and cell signaling.
High MICB expression as a biomarker for good prognosis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Feng Qingyang , Yu Shanchao , Mao Yihao , Ji Meiling , Wei Ye , He Guodong , Chang Wenju , Zhu Dexiang , Ren Li , Xu Jianmin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) plays an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) immunity. However, the function of MHC class I chain-related B (MICB) molecule is not very clear. In this study, we explored the prognostic effect of MICB in colorectal cancer.

Material and methods
From 2008-05 to 2012-11, consecutive CRC patients of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University were retrospectively enrolled as primary cohort. The inclusion criteria were as follows: receiving primary radical resection, pathologically confirmed colorectal adenocarcinoma, no treatment before surgery, clinicopathological data available. Another cohort of CRC patients were collected from a public dataset GSE39582 of GEO database from 1987 to 2007 in the same criteria for validation. MICB was detected using immunochemistry and evaluated as prognostic biomarker. The cut-off value of MICB expression was calculated using X-tile software.

Results
Finally, 863 patients were enrolled in the primary cohort, and 556 patients were enrolled in the validation cohort. MICB expression was significantly associated with tumor size and primary histological type in primary cohort, and with primary tumor location and distant metastases in validation cohort. The survival analysis showed that patients with high MICB expression had significantly better overall survival in both primary (P = 0.002) and validation (P = 0.001) cohorts. The multivariate analysis also confirmed that high MICB expression was a significantly independent protective factor for overall survival in both primary (hazard ratio HR = 0.741, 95% CI 0.594–0.924) and validation (HR = 0.699, 95% CI 0.508–0.961) cohorts.

Conclusion
For stage I–IV CRC patients, MICB was confirmed a novel independent prognostic factor. It could help better stratification of CRC prognosis.
AP1S1 missense mutations cause a congenital enteropathy via an epithelial barrier defect
Authors: Klee Katharina M. C. , Janecke Andreas R. , Civan Hasret A. , Rosipal Štefan , Heinz-Erian Peter , Huber Lukas A. , Müller Thomas , Vogel Georg F. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCongenital diarrheal disorders (CDD) comprise > 50 monogenic entities featuring chronic diarrhea of early-onset, including defects in nutrient and electrolyte absorption, enterocyte polarization, enteroendocrine cell differentiation, and epithelial integrity. Diarrhea is also a predominant symptom in many immunodeficiencies, congenital disorders of glycosylation, and in some defects of the vesicular sorting and transporting machinery. We set out to identify the etiology of an intractable diarrhea in 2 consanguineous families by whole-exome sequencing, and identified two novel AP1S1 mutations, c.269T>C (p.Leu90Pro) and c.346G>A (p.Glu116Lys). AP1S1 encodes the small subunit of the adaptor protein 1 complex (AP-1), which plays roles in clathrin coat-assembly and trafficking between trans-Golgi network, endosomes and the plasma membrane. An AP1S1 knock-out (KO) of a CaCo2 intestinal cell line was generated to characterize intestinal AP1S1 deficiency as well as identified mutations by stable expression in KO background. Morphology and prototype transporter protein distribution were comparable between parental and KO cells. We observed altered localization of tight-junction proteins ZO-1 and claudin 3, decreased transepithelial electrical resistance and an increased dextran permeability of the CaCo2-AP1S1-KO monolayer. In addition, lumen formation in 3D cultures of these cells was abnormal. Re-expression of wild-type AP1S1 in CaCo2-AP1S1-KO cells reverted these abnormalities, while expression of AP1S1 containing either missense mutation did not. Our data indicate that loss of AP1S1 function causes an intestinal epithelial barrier defect, and that AP1S1 mutations can cause a non-syndromic form of congenital diarrhea, whereas 2 reported truncating AP1S1 mutations caused MEDNIK syndrome, characterized by mental retardation, enteropathy, deafness, neuropathy, ichthyosis, and keratodermia.
Almost global problems in the LOCAL model
Authors: Balliu Alkida , Brandt Sebastian , Olivetti Dennis , Suomela Jukka 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe landscape of the distributed time complexity is nowadays well-understood for subpolynomial complexities. When we look at deterministic algorithms in the $$\mathsf {LOCAL}$$
LOCAL
model and locally checkable problems ($$\mathsf {LCL}$$
LCL
s) in bounded-degree graphs, the following picture emerges:

There are lots of problems with time complexities of $$\varTheta (\log ^* n)$$

Θ
(

log
∗

n
)

or $$\varTheta (\log n)$$

Θ
(
log
n
)

.

It is not possible to have a problem with complexity between $$\omega (\log ^* n)$$

ω
(

log
∗

n
)

and $$o(\log n)$$

o
(
log
n
)

.

In general graphs, we can construct $$\mathsf {LCL}$$
LCL
problems with infinitely many complexities between $$\omega (\log n)$$

ω
(
log
n
)

and $$n^{o(1)}$$

n

o
(
1
)

.

In trees, problems with such complexities do not exist.

However, the high end of the complexity spectrum was left open by prior work. In general graphs there are $$\mathsf {LCL}$$
LCL
problems with complexities of the form $$\varTheta (n^\alpha )$$

Θ
(

n
α

)

for any rational $$0 < \alpha \le 1/2$$

0
<
α
≤
1
/
2

, while for trees only complexities of the form $$\varTheta (n^{1/k})$$

Θ
(

n

1
/
k

)

are known. No $$\mathsf {LCL}$$
LCL
problem with complexity between $$\omega (\sqrt{n})$$

ω
(

n

)

and o(n) is known, and neither are there results that would show that such problems do not exist. We show that:

In general graphs, we can construct $$\mathsf {LCL}$$
LCL
problems with infinitely many complexities between $$\omega (\sqrt{n})$$

ω
(

n

)

and o(n).

In trees, problems with such complexities do not exist.

Put otherwise, we show that any $$\mathsf {LCL}$$
LCL
with a complexity o(n) can be solved in time $$O(\sqrt{n})$$

O
(

n

)

in trees, while the same is not true in general graphs.
Development of an artificial intelligence system using deep learning to indicate anatomical landmarks during laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Tokuyasu Tatsushi , Iwashita Yukio , Matsunobu Yusuke , Kamiyama Toshiya , Ishikake Makoto , Sakaguchi Seiichiro , Ebe Kohei , Tada Kazuhiro , Endo Yuichi , Etoh Tsuyoshi , Nakashima Makoto , Inomata Masafumi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background
The occurrence of bile duct injury (BDI) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is an important medical issue. Expert surgeons prevent intraoperative BDI by identifying four landmarks. The present study aimed to develop a system that outlines these landmarks on endoscopic images in real time.

Methods
An intraoperative landmark indication system was constructed using YOLOv3, which is an algorithm for object detection based on deep learning. The training datasets comprised approximately 2000 endoscopic images of the region of Calot's triangle in the gallbladder neck obtained from 76 videos of LC. The YOLOv3 learning model with the training datasets was applied to 23 videos of LC that were not used in training, to evaluate the estimation accuracy of the system to identify four landmarks: the cystic duct, common bile duct, lower edge of the left medial liver segment, and Rouviere’s sulcus. Additionally, we constructed a prototype and used it in a verification experiment in an operation for a patient with cholelithiasis.

Results
The YOLOv3 learning model was quantitatively and subjectively evaluated in this study. The average precision values for each landmark were as follows: common bile duct: 0.320, cystic duct: 0.074, lower edge of the left medial liver segment: 0.314, and Rouviere’s sulcus: 0.101. The two expert surgeons involved in the annotation confirmed consensus regarding valid indications for each landmark in 22 of the 23 LC videos. In the verification experiment, the use of the intraoperative landmark indication system made the surgical team more aware of the landmarks.

Conclusions
Intraoperative landmark indication successfully identified four landmarks during LC, which may help to reduce the incidence of BDI, and thus, increase the safety of LC. The novel system proposed in the present study may prevent BDI during LC in clinical practice.