bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coupled channel analysis of $${\bar{p}p}\,\rightarrow \,\pi ^0\pi ^0\eta $$, $${\pi ^0\eta \eta }$$ and $${K^+K^-\pi ^0}$$ at 900 MeV/c and of $${\pi \pi }$$-scattering data
Authors: Albrecht M. , Amsler C. , Dünnweber W. , Faessler M. A. , Heinsius F. H. , Koch H. , Kopf B. , Kurilla U. , Meyer C. A. , Peters K. , Pychy J. , Qin X. , Steinke M. , Wiedner U. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA partial wave analysis of antiproton–proton annihilation data in flight at 900 $$\mathrm {MeV/}c$$MeV/c into $${\pi ^0\pi ^0\eta }$$π0π0η, $${\pi ^0\eta \eta }$$π0ηη and $${K^+K^-\pi ^0}$$K+K-π0 is presented. The data were taken at LEAR by the Crystal Barrel experiment in 1996. The three channels have been coupled together with $$\pi \pi $$ππ-scattering isospin I = 0 S- and D-wave as well as I = 1 P-wave data utilizing the K-matrix approach. Analyticity is treated using Chew–Mandelstam functions. In the fit all ingredients of the K-matrix, including resonance masses and widths, were treated as free parameters. In spite of the large number of parameters, the fit results are in the ballpark of the values published by the Particle Data Group. In the channel $${\pi ^0\pi ^0\eta }$$π0π0η a significant contribution of the spin exotic $$I^G=1^-$$IG=1-$$J^{PC}=1^{-+}$$JPC=1-+$$\pi _1$$π1-wave with a coupling to $$\pi ^0 \eta $$π0η is observed. Furthermore the contributions of $$\phi (1020) \pi ^0$$ϕ(1020)π0 and $$K^*(892)^\pm K^\mp $$K∗(892)±K∓ in the channel $${K^+K^-\pi ^0}$$K+K-π0 have been studied in detail. The differential production cross section for the two reactions and the spin-density-matrix elements for the $$\phi (1020)$$ϕ(1020) and $$K^*(892)^\pm $$K∗(892)± have been extracted. No spin-alignment is observed for both vector mesons. The spin density matrix elements have been also determined for the spin exotic wave.
Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Medication Prescription in Primary Care: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zhao Min , Woodward Mark , Vaartjes Ilonca , Millett Elizabeth R. C. , Klipstein‐Grobusch Kerstin , Hyun Karice , Carcel Cheryl , Peters Sanne A. E. 
Published: May 2020

Background
Sex differences in the management of cardiovascular disease have been reported in secondary care. We conducted a systematic review with meta‐analysis of systematically investigated sex differences in cardiovascular medication prescription among patients at high risk or with established cardiovascular disease in primary care.

Methods and Results

PubMed and Embase were searched between 2000 and 2019 for observational studies reporting on the sex‐specific prevalence of aspirin, statins, and antihypertensive medication prescription, including beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors, and diuretics, in primary care. Random effects meta‐analysis was used to obtain pooled women‐to‐men prevalence ratios for each cardiovascular medication prescription. Metaregression models assessed the impact of age and year on the findings. A total of 43 studies were included, involving 2 264 600 participants (28% women) worldwide. Participants’ mean age ranged from 51 to 76 years. The pooled prevalence of cardiovascular medication prescription for women was 41% for aspirin, 60% for statins, and 68% for any antihypertensive medications. Corresponding rates for men were 56%, 63%, and 69% respectively. The pooled women‐to‐men prevalence ratios were 0.81 (95%
CI
, 0.72–0.92) for aspirin, 0.90 (95%
CI
, 0.85–0.95) for statins, and 1.01 (95%
CI
, 0.95–1.08) for any antihypertensive medications. Women were less likely to be prescribed angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (0.85; 95%
CI
, 0.81–0.89) but more likely with diuretics (1.27; 95%
CI
, 1.17–1.37). Mean age, mean age difference between the sexes, and year of study had no significant impact on findings.

Conclusions
Sex differences in the prescription of cardiovascular medication exist among patients at high risk or with established cardiovascular disease in primary care, with a lower prevalence of aspirin, statins, and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors prescription in women and a lower prevalence of diuretics prescription in men.
Delays in Stroke Onset to Hospital Arrival Time During COVID-19
Authors: Teo Kay-Cheong , Leung William C.Y. , Wong Yuen-Kwun , Liu Roxanna K.C. , Chan Anna H.Y. , Choi Olivia M.Y. , Kwok Wing-Man , Leung Kung-Ki , Tse Man-Yu , Cheung Raymond T.F. , Tsang Anderson Chun-On , Lau Kui Kai 
Published: May 2020

Background and Purpose:
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic represents a global public health crisis, disrupting emergency healthcare services. We determined whether COVID-19 has resulted in delays in stroke presentation and affected the delivery of acute stroke services in a comprehensive stroke center in Hong Kong.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed all patients with transient ischemic attack and stroke admitted via the acute stroke pathway of Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, during the first 60 days since the first diagnosed COVID-19 case in Hong Kong (COVID-19: January 23, 2020–March 24, 2020). We compared the stroke onset to hospital arrival (onset-to-door) time and timings of inpatient stroke pathways with patients admitted during the same period in 2019 (pre–COVID-19: January 23, 2019–March 24, 2019).

Results:

Seventy-three patients in COVID-19 were compared with 89 patients in pre–COVID-19. There were no significant differences in age, sex, vascular risk factors, nor stroke severity between the 2 groups (
P
>0.05). The median stroke onset-to-door time was ≈1-hour longer in COVID-19 compared with pre–COVID-19 (154 versus 95 minutes,
P
=0.12), and the proportion of individuals with onset-to-door time within 4.5 hours was significantly lower (55% versus 72%,
P
=0.024). Significantly fewer cases of transient ischemic attack presented to the hospital during COVID-19 (4% versus 16%,
P
=0.016), despite no increase in referrals to the transient ischemic attack clinic. Inpatient stroke pathways and treatment time metrics nevertheless did not differ between the 2 groups (
P
>0.05 for all comparisons).

Conclusions:
During the early containment phase of COVID-19, we noted a prolongation in stroke onset to hospital arrival time and a significant reduction in individuals arriving at the hospital within 4.5 hours and presenting with transient ischemic attack. Public education about stroke should continue to be reinforced during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Impact of the COVID-19 Epidemic on Stroke Care and Potential Solutions
Authors: Zhao Jing , Li Hang , Kung David , Fisher Marc , Shen Ying , Liu Renyu 
Published: May 2020

Background and Purpose:
When the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak became paramount, medical care for other devastating diseases was negatively impacted. In this study, we investigated the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on stroke care across China.

Methods:
Data from the Big Data Observatory Platform for Stroke of China consisting of 280 hospitals across China demonstrated a significant drop in the number of cases of thrombolysis and thrombectomy. We designed a survey to investigate the major changes during the COVID-19 outbreak and potential causes of these changes. The survey was distributed to the leaders of stroke centers in these 280 hospitals.

Results:

From the data of Big Data Observatory Platform for Stroke of China, the total number of thrombolysis and thrombectomy cases dropped 26.7% (
P
<0.0001) and 25.3% (
P
<0.0001), respectively, in February 2020 as compared with February 2019. We retrieved 227 valid complete datasets from the 280 stroke centers. Nearly 50% of these hospitals were designated hospitals for COVID-19. The capacity for stroke care was reduced in the majority of the hospitals. Most of the stroke centers stopped or reduced their efforts in stroke education for the public. Hospital admissions related to stroke dropped ≈40%; thrombolysis and thrombectomy cases dropped ≈25%, which is similar to the results from the Big Data Observatory Platform for Stroke of China as compared with the same period in 2019. Many factors contributed to the reduced admissions and prehospital delays; lack of stroke knowledge and proper transportation were significant limiting factors. Patients not coming to the hospital for fear of virus infection was also a likely key factor.

Conclusions:
The COVID-19 outbreak impacted stroke care significantly in China, including prehospital and in-hospital care, resulting in a significant drop in admissions, thrombolysis, and thrombectomy. Although many factors contributed, patients not coming to the hospital was probably the major limiting factor. Recommendations based on the data are provided.
A new pratylenchid nematode, Hoplotylus japonicus n. sp. (Tylenchina: Pratylenchidae) from the rhizosphere of Japanese maple, Acer palmatum (Thumb.)
Authors: Gu Jianfeng , Maria Munawar , Fang Yiwu , Pedram Majid 
Published: May 2020

Summary
During quarantine inspections, a new species of Hoplotylus was detected from the rhizosphere of the Japanese maple, Acer palmatum, imported into China from Japan. Hoplotylus japonicus n. sp. is characterised by a stout 431-602 μm long body, well-developed 20.0-24.5 μm long stylet with tulip-shaped knobs having rounded sides in lateral view and a rounded anterior margin, excretory pore located slightly posterior to the hemizonid, usually empty, spermatheca, conical tail with a spike-like projection, which is distally smooth on the dorsal side, and males not found. It was morphologically compared with four currently known species of the genus, viz., H. femina, H. montanus, H. silvaticus, and H. sjacobi. In molecular phylogenetic analyses using 18S, 28S and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ribosomal DNA sequences, the new species formed a clade with the only currently sequenced species of the genus, H. femina, in all phylogenies. This is the second species of the genus characterised by molecular data and the second species recovered from Japan.
High Price Medicines and Health Budgets: The Role Patients’ and Consumers’ Organisations Can Play
Authors: Houÿez François 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Healthcare systems face challenges due to budget constraints, complex therapies, and new treatments for rare diseases. One of the most successful patient advocacy campaigns of all times was initiated by people living with HIV and AIDS in African countries. Facing industry giants, they won court cases allowing governments to ignore intellectual property rights when the price of a medicine was abnormally high. This led to the approval of the international ‘Agreement on Trade Related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights’, which contributed to improving the availability of AIDS treatments for millions of people. Beyond this successful patient advocacy campaign, patient organisations have an important role to play in national discussions on prices of treatments and pharmaceuticals, especially for rare diseases. This article first discusses the specificity of the pricing of orphan medicinal products, and then provides an overview of some of the important actions that can be carried out by patients’ organisations.
Ethical, Legal and Regulatory Issues of Paediatric Translational Research. Call for an Adequate Model of Governance
Authors: Altavilla Annagrazia , Giannuzzi Viviana , Lupo Mariangela , Bonifazi Donato , Ceci Adriana 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The lack of paediatric medicines, including innovative and advanced ones, is a long-lasting and well-known problem at European and international levels. Despite the existing legal frameworks and incentives, children remain deprived of many kinds of therapy because of challenges faced in appropriately study and tailoring medicinal and other products for them. In this context, the necessity to foster paediatric research addressing unsolved and uncovered issues within a ‘translational approach’ has appeared. This article, after having clarified the concept of translational research in the perspective of the establishment of a European paediatric research infrastructure (RI), will identify and point out ethical, legal and regulatory issues particularly relevant in a children’s rights perspective. It concludes asking for the setting up of an adequate model of governance within a future RI, including adequate and independent ethical oversight and a pluridisciplinary common service dealing with ethical, legal and societal issues relevant for children.
<p><strong>Early embryology of Vochysiaceae and some insights into its phylogeny and intrafamilial taxonomy</strong></p>
Authors: CARMO-OLIVEIRA RENATA , CUSTÓDIO LUCIANA NASCIMENTO , MORRETES BERTA LANGE DE , OLIVEIRA PAULO EUGÊNIO 
Published: May 2020

Embryological data provides insights into the taxonomy and evolution of angiosperms. Vochysiaceae is a mostly Neotropical family whose phylogenetic position was greatly influenced by reconstructions based on molecular data, and despite its monosymmetric and oligostemonous flowers, was included as a sister group of polysymmetric and polystemonous Myrtaceae. However, molecular data has yet to resolve the relationships between the genera inside the family. We analysed the early embryology of some species of five out of the six generally accepted Neotropical genera using sequential histological analyses to compare the microsporogenesis and gametogenesis and megasporogenesis and gametogenesis between clades and with the embryology of the well-studied Myrtales. We observed some marked differences in timing and developmental stages, which somewhat corroborate the clades defined from molecular data. Multiple archesporium and embryo sacs, as well as megagametophyte maturation and fertilization long after anthesis, characterized the Qualea-Ruizteranea-Callisthene (QRC) clade, while single embryo sac mature at anthesis characterized the Vochysia-Salvertia (VS) clade. Tri-cellular pollen only occurred in Salvertia convallariodora. Seven of the eight main embryological features supported the Myrtales as present in Vochysiaceae and the remaining one, inner integument with two layers of cells, was observed in some Qualea. Thus, the studied Vochysiaceae embryology conforms very well within the order and only their strongly monosymmetric and oligostemonous flowers are less common among Myrtales.
Thermal Responses to Antarctic Ice Shelf Melt in an Eddy-Rich Global Ocean–Sea Ice Model
Authors: Moorman Ruth , Morrison Adele K. , McC. Hogg Andrew 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe response of near-Antarctic waters to freshening by increased glacial melt is investigated using a high-resolution (0.1°) global ocean–sea ice model with realistic Antarctic water-mass properties. Two meltwater perturbation experiments are conducted where the ocean model is forced with constant elevated glacial melt rates of 1.5 and 2.8 times the control rate. Within 10 years of the onset of enhanced meltwater forcing, the generation of Antarctic Bottom Water from Dense Shelf Water ceases, as shelf waters become increasingly buoyant. Increased ocean stratification triggers subsurface warming in Dense Shelf Water source regions, suggesting a localized positive feedback to melt. In a parallel response, meltwater forcing enhances the subsurface lateral density gradients of the Antarctic Slope Front that modulate the transport of warm Circumpolar Deep Water across the continental slope toward ice shelf grounding lines. Consequently, coastal freshening acts to isolate the Antarctic Ice Sheet from open ocean heat, suggesting a cooling response to melt that counteracts warming associated with stratification. Further, these strengthening density gradients accelerate westward geostrophic currents along the coast and shelf break, homogenizing shelf waters and amplifying remote feedbacks. The net effect on the continental shelf is transient warming, followed by cooling in both experiments; however, this signal is the aggregate of a complex pattern of regional warming and cooling responses. These results suggest coastal freshening by meltwater may alter the thermal forcing of the Antarctic ice sheet in ways that both accelerate and inhibit ice shelf melt at different locations along the Antarctic coastline.
Social Impact of Women SHGs: A Study of NHGs of ‘Kudumbashree’ in Kerala
Authors: Rajagopal N. 
Published: May 2020

Historically, the role of ‘self-help groups’ (SHGs) has been highlighted by different authors. The term used widely as cooperation for survival. SHGs play a significant role in transforming the rural economy. Its unprecedented growth helps the resurgence of the weaker section of society in terms of outreach, social position and sustainability. Among different SHGs, ‘Kudumbashree’ of Kerala constitute the largest women SHGs in India. The Government of Kerala launched the programme for poor women on 17 May 1998. Grassroots of ‘Kudumbashree’ are ‘Neighbourhood Groups’ (NHGs). Kudumbashree functions through NHGs. The present study analyses the social impact of NHGs by taking samples from the tribal and non-tribal areas in the district of Palakkad, Kerala. A detailed survey conducted among 600 respondents with identified social variables. The outcome of the study reveals that NHGs have created a social platform for women to improve social activities and strengthen its members’ social bondage. The social impacts in tribal and non-tribal areas differ for certain social variables and do not vary with others. Overall, the study highlights the need for promoting the role of NHGs as a means of ‘social change’ for strengthening the socialization process of women.
Clinical risk factors and predictive tool of bacteremia in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Yang Qiao , Jiang Xian Zhong , Zhu Yong Fen , Lv Fang Fang 
Published: May 2020

Objective We aimed to analyze the risk factors and to establish a predictive tool for the occurrence of bloodstream infections (BSI) in patients with cirrhosis. Methods A total of 2888 patients with cirrhosis were retrospectively included. Multivariate analysis for risk factors of BSI were tested using logistic regression. Multivariate logistic regression was validated using five-fold cross-validation. Results Variables that were independently associated with incidence of BSI were white blood cell count (odds ratio [OR] = 1.094, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.063–1.127)], C-reactive protein (OR = 1.005, 95% CI 1.002–1.008), total bilirubin (OR = 1.003, 95% CI 1.002–1.004), and previous antimicrobial exposure (OR = 4.556, 95% CI 3.369–6.160); albumin (OR = 0.904, 95% CI 0.883–0.926), platelet count (OR = 0.996, 95% CI 0.994–0.998), and serum creatinine (OR = 0.989, 95% CI 0.985–0.994) were associated with lower odds of BSI. The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the risk assessment scale was 0.850, and its sensitivity and specificity were 0.762 and 0.801, respectively. There was no significant difference between the ROC curves of cross-validation and risk assessment. Conclusions We developed a predictive tool for BSI in patients with cirrhosis, which could help with early identification of such episodes at admission, to improve outcome in these patients.
NLRC5 promotes cell migration and invasion by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in endometrial cancer
Authors: Fan Yijun , Dong Zhen , Shi Yuchuan , Sun Shiying , Wei Bing , Zhan Lei 
Published: May 2020

Objective NOD-like receptor family caspase recruitment domain family domain-containing 5 (NLRC5) is involved in the development of cancer. Our objective was to explore the role of NLRC5 in the progression of endometrial cancer (EC). Methods The roles of NLRC5 in migration and invasion of AN3CA EC cells were examined by cell wound-healing assay, Transwell migration, and invasion analysis. Overexpression of NLRC5 was achieved with NLRC5 plasmid, and knockdown of NLRC5 was achieved using small interfering (si)RNA-NLRC5 in AN3CA cells. The expression of NLRC5 was detected by immunohistochemical, western blot, and quantitative real-time PCR. LY294002 was used to inhibit the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway. Results NLRC5 was downregulated in EC tissue compared with normal endometrium. Overexpression of NLRC5 led to upregulation of cell migration and invasion in AN3CA cells and expression of matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-9. Inhibition of NLRC5 restricted migration and invasion of AN3CA cells and expression of MMP9. Overexpression of NLRC5 promoted the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by using LY294002 blocked the positive role of NLRC5 in migration and invasion of AN3CA cells and expression of MMP9. Conclusions These results demonstrate that NLRC5 promotes EC progression by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Effects of Morning Versus Evening Home-Based Exercise on Subjective and Objective Sleep Parameters in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Seol Jaehoon , Fujii Yuya , Inoue Taiki , Kitano Naruki , Tsunoda Kenji , Okura Tomohiro 
Published: May 2020

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether the timing of exercise influenced the effects of home-based low-intensity stepping exercises on the sleep parameters of older adults. Method: For 8 weeks, 60 healthy older adults participated in a randomized controlled trial, performing low-intensity aerobic exercise (70-80 bpm) for about 30 minutes every day at home, either in the morning (from waking until 12:00) or evening (18:00 to bedtime). Results: In the evening exercise group, both subjectively and objectively measured sleep latency significantly improved throughout the intervention. Further, postintervention subjective sleep satisfaction was significantly higher in the evening group (6.2 ± 1.3 points) than in the morning group (5.2 ± 1.4 points; P = .006). Additionally, sleep variables related to evening exercise had larger effect sizes (Cohen d) than those performed in the morning. Conclusion: Engaging in low-intensity stepping exercises during the evening is potentially a useful nonpharmacological approach to improving sleep quality among older adults.
Three-snip punctoplasty versus perforated plugs for management of lacrimal punctal stenosis
Authors: Tamer Salma S , Abdelghany Ahmed A , Elshafei Ahmed MK , Abdelrahman Abdallah Raafat Mohyeldeen 
Published: May 2020

Purpose To compare rectangular three-snip punctoplasty and polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated perforated punctal plugs for treatment of acquired lacrimal punctal stenosis. Patients and methods In a prospective comparative non-randomized interventional study, 80 eyes with acquired lacrimal punctal stenosis were classified into two groups. Group A was treated by insertion of polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated perforated punctal plugs (FCI ophthalmics)™ and Group B was treated by rectangular three-snip punctoplasty. The study was done in Minia University Hospital between January 2018 and April 2019. Exclusion criteria included allergic punctal stenosis, lid malposition, and lacrimal obstruction distal to the punctum. All patients were subjected to complete history taking, slit lamp examination of tear meniscus height, fluorescein dye disappearance test, punctal position, shape, size, grading of stenosis, and grading of epiphora. Results The mean age of the patients was 43.85 ± 14.93 years. They were 30 females and 10 males. Eepiphora Grade 3 or 4, improved postoperatively to Grade 0 or 1 in 97.5% of eyes in Group A versus 55% of eyes in Group B. All eyes (100%) in Group A versus 21 eyes (52.5%) in Group B improved regarding fluorescein dye disappearance test grade ( p < 0.001). Restenosis did not occur after plug removal, while it occurred in 10% of eyes subjected to three-snip punctoplasty. Conclusion Perforated punctal plugs and three-snip punctoplasty are safe and effective in treatment of punctal stenosis. However, perforated plugs are less invasive, better tolerated, and have more stable results compared to three-snip punctoplasty.