bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Faster, Stronger, and More Powerful Athletes Perform Better in Resisted Sprints?
Authors: Lizana José Antonio , Bachero-Mena Beatriz , Calvo-Lluch Africa , Sánchez-Moreno Miguel , Pereira Lucas A. , Loturco Irineu , Pareja-Blanco Fernando 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Lizana, JA, Bachero-Mena, B, Calvo-Lluch, A, Sánchez-Moreno, M, Pereira, LA, Loturco, I, and Pareja-Blanco, F. Do faster, stronger, and more powerful athletes perform better in resisted sprints? J Strength Cond Res 36(7): 1826–1832, 2022—This study aimed to analyze the relationships between different strength, power, and speed abilities and resisted sprint performance across a wide range of sled loads (10, 30, and 50% body mass [BM]). Seventy-nine young physically active male sport science students (age: 22.8 ± 3.4 years, BM: 74.2 ± 9.1 kg, and height: 175.4 ± 8.5 cm) performed 2 testing sessions. Session 1 consisted of a 20 m sprint without any additional load and with 10, 30, and 50% BM. Session 2 consisted of countermovement jump and full squat (SQ) tests. The CMJ was performed without any additional load and with loads of 30 and 50% BM, and the SQ was performed with loads corresponding to 30, 50, 70, and 90% BM. Resisted sprint times were moderate to large correlated with unloaded sprint times (r = 0.79 to 0.89), unloaded and loaded jump height (r = −0.62 to −0.71), and SQ performance (r = −0.56 to −0.71). Negative relationships were observed between velocity loss induced by each sled load and jump and SQ performance. The magnitude of these relationships increased with increasing sled loads. In conclusion, differences in speed, strength, and power abilities may explain, at least partially, the individual response of each athlete during sprinting towing a sled, especially with heavier sled loads. Thus, faster, stronger, and more powerful athletes require heavier sled loads (relative to %BM) to experience similar exercise intensities.
Differences in Electromygraphic Activity of the Middle and the Lower Serratus Anterior Fibers During Open and Closed Kinematics Exercises
Authors: Ratanapinunchai Jonjin , Madeeyoh Ifham 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Ratanapinunchai, J and Madeeyoh, I. Differences in electromygraphic activity of the middle and the lower serratus anterior fibers during open and closed kinematics exercises. J Strength Cond Res 36(7): 1788–1792, 2022—This paper seeks to determine differences in muscle activation between the middle (MSA) and the lower serratus anterior (LSA) fibers during 3 exercises. Fifteen healthy men were recruited for the study. Bench push-up plus (BPUP), unstable BPUP (UPUP), and resisted shoulder flexion (RSF) with 10 repetitions at maximum weight were tested. The normalized electromyographic (EMG) activity of the MSA and the LSA was recorded during isometric scapular protraction for BPUP and UPUP or at 150° shoulder flexion for RSF. Normalization was calculated using maximum voluntary isometric scapular protraction activity (%EMG). The results showed that the ratio of %EMG of MSA:LSA was higher than one in BPUP (1.41 ± 0.36) and UPUP (1.81 ± 0.47), but less than one (0.86 ± 0.27) in RSF. These ratios were statistically significantly different (p < 0.05). The activity of MSA and LSA in RSF was significantly (p < 0.002) higher than that of BPUP and UPUP (%EMG of the MSA = 80.53 ± 26.07, 64.75 ± 23.19 and 55.62 ± 25.56 for the RSF, BPUP, and UPUP, respectively; %EMG of LSA = 95.54 ± 24.15, 50.71 ± 26.32, and 32.26 ± 16.14 for the RSF, BPUP, and UPUP, respectively). There was no difference in the %EMG of MSA and LSA between BPUP and UPUP. The MSA worked more than the LSA in the push-up plus (PUP), but the opposite was found in the RSF exercise. The study suggests different functions of the MSA and the LSA. Different exercises should be used, including a PUP for the MSA and RSF for the LSA, or a combination to emphasize both parts of the SA.
Evaluation of Site Variability Effect on the Geotechnical Data and Its Application
Authors: Ghaaowd Ismaail , Faisal Abu Hakim Muhammad Hasan , Rahman Md Habibur , Abu-Farsakh Murad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study focused on evaluating the laboratory measurement errors and site variability due to soil deposition and operator using the following tests: unconsolidated-undrained (UU), Atterberg limits, small direct shear, and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests. Four clay soils with different plasticity indexes (PIs) were tested in the laboratory (PI = 11, 21, 38, 53), in addition to sandy soil and 3 aggregate base materials. Five different operators tested three specimens for each soil type to investigate the effect of operator on testing results. The maximum coefficient of variation (COV) data due to operator were 10.9 %, 7.8 %, 18.2 %, 16.9 %, 19.5 %, and 15.6 % for UU, liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, direct shear, and CBR tests, respectively. The effect of operator and equipment on field testing results was evaluated using 28 cone penetration tests (CPTs) points performed in the same site at different times by two contractors. The spatial variability of CPT data was evaluated for each contactor and both combined. The values of COV for CPT data were different for the two contractors. The average COVs of pile design method and site variability were used to calibrate the Load Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) resistance factor, Φ, which showed high value for lower variability data, and vice versa for high variability data. The operator and equipment variabilities caused Φ to reach 0.24 for CPT data. In addition, the standard penetration test (SPT) and unconfined compressive strength test (qu) were collected from 21 borings and used to evaluate site variability. The value of Φ increased from 0.41, when COV of pile design method was only included, to 0.55, when site variability was included for SPT data. The same scenario was done for qu, in which Φ was increased from 0.34 when including COV of pile design method only to 0.39 when using the average COV of both method and site.
Single-Molecule Real-Time Transcript Sequencing of Turnips Unveiling the Complexity of the Turnip Transcriptome
Authors: Zhuang Hongmei , Wang Qiang , Han Hongwei , Liu Huifang , Wang Hao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
To generate the full-length transcriptome of Xinjiang green and purple turnips, Brassica rapa var. Rapa, using single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing. The samples of two varieties of Brassica rapa var. Rapa at five developmental stages were collected and combined to perform SMRT sequencing. Meanwhile, next generation sequencing was performed to correct SMRT sequencing data. A series of analyses were performed to investigate the transcript structure. Finally, the obtained transcripts were mapped to the genome of Brassica rapa ssp. pekinesis Chiifu to identify potential novel transcripts. For green turnip (F01), a total of 19.54 Gb clean data were obtained from 8 cells. The number of reads of insert (ROI) and full-length non-chimeric (FLNC) reads were 510,137 and 267,666. In addition, 82,640 consensus isoforms were obtained in the isoform sequences clustering, of which 69,480 were high-quality, and 13,160 low-quality sequences were corrected using Illumina RNA seq data. For purple turnip (F02), there were 20.41 Gb clean data, 552,829 ROIs, and 274,915 FLNC sequences. A total of 93,775 consensus isoforms were obtained, of which 78,798 were high-quality, and the 14,977 low-quality sequences were corrected. Following the removal of redundant sequences, there were 46,516 and 49,429 non-redundant transcripts for F01 and F02, respectively; 7,774 and 9,385 alternative splicing events were predicted for F01 and F02; 63,890 simple sequence repeats, 59,460 complete coding sequences, and 535 long-non coding RNAs were predicted. Moreover, 5,194 and 5,369 novel transcripts were identified by mapping to Brassica rapa ssp. pekinesis Chiifu. The obtained transcriptome data may improve turnip genome annotation and facilitate further study of the Brassica rapa var. Rapa genome and transcriptome.
Stress testing the banking systems: Approach of Ukraine
Authors: Sobolieva-Tereshchenko Olena , Zhukova Yuliya 
Published: August 2020

Scientific-methodical approaches to stress testing Ukrainian banking system in the context of the banks groups: state-owned, owned by Russia, foreign, private Ukrainian are analyzed in this study. It identifies an influence of the different groups in regulate the level of financial stability of the banking system. Highest level of financial stability of Ukrainian banking system was found to be connected with activity foreign banks from Eastern Europe and Central Asia exclaims banks owned by Russia and Ukraine.
The proposed study, by using NBU stress testing scenario and by impacting of the devaluation of the national currency, presents the improved methodology for determining the level of financial stability of banking groups in terms of crisis increase exchange rate. This study was conducted by way of review of the data on bank core capital and regulatory capital, real and nominal GDP, consumer price index and reducing the rate of UAH to EUR.
Management Consulting Trends in Slovakia in the Light of Global and Regional Tendencies
Authors: Szeiner Zsuzsanna , Mura Ladislaw , Horbulák Zsolt , Roberson Mike , Poor Jozsef 
Published: August 2020

Management consulting, as we know it today, has existed for over 100 years. We review the basic concepts of consulting, outline the major steps in the development of business-related consulting, and highlight that consulting plays an important role in shaping the globalization of multinational firms. Next, we depict the specific evolutionary steps of consulting in Czechoslovakia and independent Slovakia in the light of global and regional trends. The development of Slovakia is described within the framework of the first (1919-1939) and the second (1945-1992) Czechoslovak Republics, and we discuss the development of Marketing, HRM, and other consulting in Slovakia. We also discuss clients' opinions of consultants in the light of an empirical research project carried out in 2018.
Sâncraiu de Mureș (Marosszentkirály): medieval settlement network, Pauline monastery and its environment on the middle course of the Mureş river
Authors: Benkő Elek , Sümegi Pál , Törőcsik Tünde , Bodor Elvira , Sümegi Balázs , Jakab Gusztáv 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe study aims to contribute to the medieval environmental history of the eastern periphery of the Transylvanian Plain (Câmpia Transilvaniei/Mezőség). With the help of archaeological and historical data and the multi-aspect analysis of undisturbed core sequences, the economic life of the Pauline Monastery founded in the 14th century near Sâncraiu de Mureş (Marosszentkirály) and the surrounding villages was investigated. The multidisciplinary research focuses on the paleochannels of the Mureş and the artificial watercourses (ditches) that branch off the river, and the mills built on them. The work also provides new data on the general environmental changes in the middle course of the Mureş river during the Middle Ages and the early modern period, which are largely due to the very intense human activity here.
A review of micro-solid-phase extraction techniques and devices applied in sample pretreatment coupled with chromatographic analysis
Authors: Dugheri Stefano , Marrubini Giorgio , Mucci Nicola , Cappelli Giovanni , Bonari Alessandro , Pompilio Ilenia , Trevisani Lucia , Arcangeli Giulio 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSample pretreatment is one of the most crucial and error-prone steps of an analytical procedure; it consents to improve selectivity and sensitivity by sample clean-up and pre-concentration. Nowadays, the arousing interest in greener and sustainable analytical chemistry has increased the development of microextraction techniques as alternative sample preparation procedures. In this review, we aimed to show two different categorizations of the most used micro-solid-phase extraction (μSPE) techniques. In essence, the first one concerns the solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbent selection and structure: normal-phase, reversed-phase, ion-exchange, mixed-mode, molecular imprinted polymer, and special techniques (e.g., doped cartridges for specific analytes). The second is a grouping of the commercially available μSPE products in categories and sub-categories. We present every device and technology into the classifications paying attention to their historical development and the actual state of the art. So, this study aims to provide the state-of-the-art of μSPE techniques, highlighting their advantages, disadvantages, and possible future developments in sample pretreatment.
Environmental stress effects on appetite: Changing desire for high- and low-energy foods depends on the nature of the perceived threat
Authors: Swaffield Jim B. , Guo Qi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
It is well-documented that harsh environmental conditions influence appetite and food choice. However, the experience of environmental harshness is complex and shaped by several underlying dimensions, notably threats to one's social support, economic prospects, and physical safety. Here, we examined the differential effects of these three dimensions of environmental harshness on desire for specific food items. We first showed 564 participants images of 30 food items. Next, they rated how much they desired each item. The participants were then randomly assigned to a condition where they read one of six scenario stories that described someone's current living conditions. Each scenario story emphasized one of the three dimensions (social support, economic prospects, physical safety), with two levels (safe, harsh). Following this, the participants once again rated how desirable each food item was. The results showed that exposure to cues of low social support and high physical threat reduce the desire to eat, whereas cues of economic harshness had little effect. Further analysis revealed a significant interaction between energy level of different foods and perceived threat to physical safety. These findings are important in helping to understand how current environmental conditions influence changes in appetite and desire for different kinds of food items.
The International Labour Organisation and the EU – Old Friends with New Goals
Authors: Koldinská Kristina 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe centenary celebration of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) is an ideal occasion to look at its current position, possibilities and challenges from the perspective of its long-lasting relation with the EU. This paper looks at the current state of affairs and how it has been achieved. It looks at the history of good cooperation of ILO and EU from the legal point of view highlighting some moments, when the ILO law has been ahead in social protection of workers, whilst showing that currently the EU is taking the lead in many fields. By commenting on recent basic documents of both the EU and ILO, the conclusion can be made that the solid and real interaction between both ‘legal systems’ can significantly contribute to more solidarity and decent work around the world.
The First Written Communist Constitutions in China and Hungary and the Influence of the 1936 Soviet Constitution: A Comparative Perspective
Authors: Lu Da 
Published: August 2020

AbstractFollowing World War II, a series of Conferences were held among the great powers. Hungary, along with its neighboring countries, had to join the socialist bloc and transformed itself into a socialist system. The Communist Party adopted the communist Constitution as soon as they won the parliamentary election. In the Far East, the Chinese Communist Party also promulgated its Constitution after the first election of the National People’s Republic. In this article, the author will firstly examine how the Constitution adopted between China and Hungary followed by a comparative analysis of the two Constitutions will be employed. The author will give special attention on the text and structure of the Constitution in the respective countries. In the end, the relations with Soviet Union between China and Hungary influenced the two Constitutions will be considered.
Looking for the Kennformen of the Italian verb paradigm. An experimental study
Authors: Bertinetto Pier Marco , Finocchiaro Chiara , Rastelli Clara 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIt is generally assumed that, within an inflectional paradigm, some forms are cognitively more salient than others. Although this effect is the result of various concomitant factors to which all forms of the given paradigm concur, the existence of salient forms is crucial to assist the speaker in predicting the remaining forms of the paradigm. The notion of ‘salient form(s)’ was implicit in the so-called Kennform(en) proposed by Wolfgang Ullrich Wurzel as inflectional class marker(s). A possible candidate to salience is the so-called citation-form, i.e. the form by means of which lexemes are referred to in a dictionary, but this should be checked on a language-by-language basis. The present paper addresses the task of defining the most salient form(s) within the Italian verb paradigm. By means of three lexical decision experiments, the performance on the Infinitive (the citation-form) was compared with the performance on its most likely competitors, i.e. the Present Indicative 3SG, which is the most frequent form of most verbs, and the Present Indicative 1SG, which is selected as citation-form in some lexicographic traditions. The results indicate that the Infinitive and the Present Indicative 3SG prevail over the Present Indicative 1SG – as well as on various other forms used as controls and fillers in the experiments – but do not differ from each other. This offers an interesting insight into the organization of a complex verb paradigm, such as the Italian one. In particular, it shows that salience depends on the interaction of various morphological and psycholinguistic factors, whose relative weight is a function of the specific language considered.
A duális képzésben részt vevő hallgatók gyakorlati kompetenciáinak mérési és értékelési lehetőségei
Authors: Kozák Anita , Csugány Julianna , Tánczos Tamás 
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:
A versenyszféra által támasztott gyakorlatorientált felsőoktatás iránti igény
hívta életre hazánkban is a duális formában zajló képzéseket. Jelen tanulmány
célja a duális képzésben részt vevő hallgatók gyakorlati kompetenciáinak
mérésére és értékelésére irányuló felmérés koncepcionális kereteinek
felvázolása, mely az Eszterházy Károly Egyetemen duális képzési formában is
választható 12 szakon tanuló hallgatók körében kerül megvalósításra. A
kompetenciamérést a felsőoktatási intézmény a gyakorlóhelyekkel együttműködve
végzi el kérdőíves felmérés, értékelő központ és tereptanári értékelés
alapján.
Gazdasági, társadalmi és egyéni értékteremtés a felsőoktatásban
Authors: Király Gábor , Géring Zsuzsanna 
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:
A felsőoktatási intézményeknek mind hazai, mind nemzetközi téren sok különböző
érintetti csoport igényeinek kell megfelelniük. Ezek a különböző elvárások
más-más társadalmi szerephez és felelősséghez kapcsolódnak. Írásunkban három
ilyen kihívást emelünk ki, és mutatjuk be a rájuk adott domináns válaszokat.
Egyrészt röviden bemutatjuk a vállalkozó egyetem koncepcióját, mint a gazdasági
érték képzésének motorját. Másrészt a foglalkoztathatóság – egyéni értékteremtés
– kérdéskörével kapcsolatban tárgyaljuk a képzéshez és fejlesztéshez kötődő
kihívásokat és az ezekre adott válaszokat. Harmadrészt a társadalmi
értékteremtés témáját érintve bemutatjuk a bevonással kapcsolatos törekvéseket,
ezen belül is a nyitott tudomány megközelítését. Mindezek felvetik a kérdést,
hogy milyen intézményi keret lenne a legalkalmasabb ilyen sokszínű célrendszer
kezelésére. Véleményünk szerint – és különösen a hazai felsőoktatási intézmények
számára – nemcsak a homogenitás, azaz a meglévő példák és formák átvétele és
követése lehet a járható út, hanem a heterogenitásban rejlő lehetőségek
kiaknázása, azaz a sajátosságok megkeresése, valamint az egyedi, a lokális
környezetbe illeszkedő, de nemzetközileg is életképes modellek kialakítása.
Felsőoktatás-irányítási és egyetemi kormányzási trendek Európában
Authors: Keczer Gabriella 
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:
A tanulmány az elmúlt évtizedek legfontosabb jelenségeit és változásait mutatja
be az európai felsőoktatás kormányzati irányításában és az egyetemek
kormányzásában. Foglalkozik a rendszerszinttel, azaz a kormányzati
felsőoktatás-irányítás eszközeivel és tendenciáival, valamint az intézményi
szinttel, azaz a belső irányítás – kormányzás, menedzsment – kérdéseivel, és a
két dimenzió összefüggéseivel. Az elemzés a kormányzati magatartással
összefüggésben kitér az egyetemek autonómiájának alakulására, a belső irányítás
kapcsán részletesen foglalkozik az irányító testületekkel és a külső tagok
szerepével. Az eredmények alapján megállapítható, hogy bár az elmúlt évtizedben
radikális változások nem következtek be az egyetemek irányításában – kivételt
éppen Magyarország képez –, számos országban jellemző az útkeresés, illetve a
finomhangolás.
Az intézményi működési keretek átalakítási kísérletei a magyar felsőoktatásban
Authors: Derényi András 
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:
A felsőoktatási intézmények szerepváltozásai, a harmadik misszió feltűnése és
erősödése és az ezeknek megfelelő vagy ezekhez igazodó irányítási megoldások,
működési keretek, az állam és a felsőoktatási intézmények viszonyának alakulása
több évtizede témája a felsőoktatás-politika változásával, az irányítás
kérdéseivel foglalkozó kutatóknak, szerzőknek (Clark 1983; Etkowitz
1997; Clark 1998; van Vaught–de Boer 2015; Gronitzka–Massen–de Boer
2017, hogy csak néhány ismertebbre utaljunk). A hazai kutatókat is
foglalkoztatta ez a témakör (Barakonyi, Hrubos, Keczer, Kováts, Polónyi számos
írása), ami bőséges muníciót ad a kutatásra, ugyanis az irányítás és az
intézményi státus kérdéseivel rendre együtt járnak az intézmények
kormányzásának, vezetési struktúrájának és finanszírozásának a kérdései is. Az
intézményi működési keretek alakítására irányuló magyar felsőoktatás-politikai
törekvések hosszabb időszakot átfogó áttekintésére azonban csak kevesen
vállalkoztak (Polónyi 2009; Veres 2016a, 2016b). Jelen írás
arra tesz kíséreltet, hogy áttekintse az elmúlt három évtized törekvéseit és
fejleményeit e téren, keresve a jellegzetes azonosságokat vagy épp sajátos
különbségeket.
„Vezetékszerelés” – rögtönzések a felsőoktatásban
Authors: Szabó Tibor 
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:
A tanulmány a hazai kancellári rendszer bevezetésének okait és következményeit
keresi. A költségvetési felügyelők körében végzett kutatással arra a
megállapításra jut, hogy a kancellári rendszer bevezetése természetes folyamat
része. Durva és gyors bevezetését feltehetően az okozta, hogy a magyar
felsőoktatás irányítói a korábban alkalmazott vezetési modellt javíthatatlannak
és végzetesen elavultnak tartották. Az alkalmazott modell a rektori hatásköröket
a kancellártól függővé és jórészt formálissá teszi. Az átalakítás változtat az
állami felsőoktatási intézmények szervezeti tulajdonságain, csökkenti az
önigazgatás súlyát. Teljesítménymérések nélkül ugyanakkor lehetetlen
megállapítani, hogy a változások iránya, mértéke jobb vagy rosszabb
intézményeket jelent.