bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intergenerational transmission of chronic pain-related disability: the explanatory effects of depressive symptoms
Authors: Brown Donnamay , Rosenthal Nicola , Könning Anna , Wager Julia 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Parents with chronic pain have a higher likelihood of having depression and anxiety and more often have children with these conditions. Depressive and anxious symptoms in children worsen pain-related disability and may be derived from exposure to their parents' symptoms. We assessed a model of intergenerational chronic pain-related disability that relies upon depressive and anxious symptoms of a mother and their child. Adolescents in grades 5 to 10 from 5 schools, and their mothers, completed standardized electronic questionnaires about pain. In maternal-offspring dyads (n = 1179), the mean offspring age was 12.7 years (SD = 1.7, range = 10-17) and 51% were girls. Logistic regression was used to investigate mother–offspring associations of chronic pain presence, and mediation models using multiple linear regression were used to investigate the proposed model. Adolescents of mothers with chronic pain had 1.67 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29-2.16) times increased odds of chronic pain, with each year of exposure to maternal chronic pain associated with a 5% (odds ratio 95% CI = 1.01-1.10) increased likelihood of offspring chronic pain. Worse maternal pain-related disability was associated with worse offspring pain-related disability (β = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.06-0.34). The mediation model indicated maternal and adolescent offspring symptoms of depression explained 36% of the relationship between maternal and offspring pain-related disability, with 11% explained by the intergenerational transmission of depression (serial mediation). We conclude that worse pain-related disability is associated between parent and child, and that depressive symptoms common to both mother and child play a key role in this relationship.
Visuomotor impairments in complex regional pain syndrome during pointing tasks
Authors: Verfaille Charlotte , Filbrich Lieve , Rossetti Yves , Berquin Anne , Mouraux Dominique , Barbier Olivier , Libouton Xavier , Fraselle Virginie , Legrain Valéry 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is thought to be characterized by cognitive deficits affecting patients' ability to represent, perceive, and use their affected limb as well as its surrounding space. This has been tested, among others, by straight-ahead tasks testing oneself's egocentric representation, but such experiments lead to inconsistent results. Because spatial cognitive abilities encompass various processes, we completed such evaluations by varying the sensory inputs used to perform the task. Complex regional pain syndrome and matched control participants were asked to assess their own body midline either visually (ie, by means of a moving visual cue) or manually (ie, by straight-ahead pointing with one of their upper limbs) and to reach and point to visual targets at different spatial locations. Although the 2 former tasks only required one single sensory input to be performed (ie, either visual or proprioceptive), the latter task was based on the ability to coordinate perception of the position of one's own limb with visuospatial perception. However, in this latter task, limb position could only be estimated by proprioception, as vision of the limb was prevented. Whereas in the 2 former tasks CRPS participants' performance was not different from that of controls, they made significantly more deviations errors during the visuospatial task, regardless of the limb used to point or the direction of pointing. Results suggest that CRPS patients are not specifically characterized by difficulties in representing their body but, more particularly, in integrating somatic information (ie, proprioception) during visually guided movements of the limb.
Emergency department response to coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak with a fever screening station and “graded approach” for isolation and testing
Authors: Chang Julia Chia-Yu , Chen You-Hsu , Lin Meng-Chen , Li Yi-Jing , Hsu Teh-Fu , Huang Hsien-Hao , Yen David Hung-Tsang 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Ever since coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, it has had a devastating effect on the world through exponential case growth and death tolls in at least 146 countries. Rapid response and timely modifications in the emergency department (ED) for infection control are paramount to maintaining basic medical services and preventing the spread of COVID-19. This study presents the unique measure of combining a fever screening station (FSS) and graded approach to isolation and testing in a Taiwanese medical center.

Methods:
An FSS was immediately set up outside the ED on January 27, 2019. A graded approach was adopted to stratify patients into “high risk,” “intermediate risk,” and “undetermined risk” for both isolation and testing.

Results:
A total of 3755 patients were screened at the FSS, with 80.3% visiting the ED from home, 70.9% having no travel history, 21.4% having traveled to Asia, and 10.0% of TVGH staff. Further, 54.9% had fever, 35.5% had respiratory symptoms, 3.2% had gastrointestinal symptoms, 0.6% experienced loss of smell, and 3.1% had no symptoms; 81.3% were discharged, 18.6% admitted, and 0.1% died. About 1.9% were admitted to the intensive care unit, 10.3% to the general ward, and 6.4% were isolated. Two patients tested positive for COVID-19 (0.1%) and 127 (3.4%) tested positive for atypical infection; 1471 patients were tested for COVID-19; 583 were stratified as high-risk, 781 as intermediate-risk, and 107 as undetermined-risk patients.

Conclusion:
Rapid response for infection control is a paramount in the ED to confront the COVID-19 outbreak. The FFS helped divide the flow of high- and intermediate-risk patients; it also decreased the ED workload during a surge of febrile patients. A graded approach to testing uses risk stratification to prevent nosocomial infection of asymptomatic patients. A graded approach to isolation enables efficient allocation of scarce medical resources according to risk stratification.
Research on veterans: A PubMed-based bibliometric analysis from 1989 to 2018
Authors: Yeh Hsiao-Yun , Chang Hsiao-Ting , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Chou Li-Fang , Hwang Shinn-Jang 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Military veterans (veterans, in short), due to their unique military experience, face a variety of health issues either unique to their service or more common than the general population. This study aims to achieve a better understanding of the publications focused on veterans from 1989 to 2018 using a PubMed-based bibliometric analysis of research articles on veterans.

Methods:
We searched the PubMed website for publications in journal article category from 1989 through 2018, indexed with the MeSH descriptor, “Veterans” or “Veterans Health”. Recorded articles were retrieved and analyzed.

Results:
During the period 1989-2018, there were 12 710 articles related to veterans or veterans’ health, up from 66 articles in 1989 to 1225 articles in 2018. Of all the selected articles, 5242 (41.24%) can be classified under research support by the US government, 2773 (21.81%) by non-US government, and 1700 (13.38%) by the Office of Extramural Research (OER) of the National Institutes of Health. Of the 15 most prolific authors, 14 were affiliated with the US institutions. The journal that published the highest number of articles related to veterans was the journal Military Medicine (504 articles, 3.97%), followed by the Journal of Traumatic Stress (397 articles, 3.12%), Psychiatric Services (Washington, D.C.) (299 articles, 2.35%), and Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development (279 articles, 2.20%). Among all publications, 18.04% (n = 2293) were published in journals of psychiatry, followed by 13.51% (n = 1717) of psychology and 7.71% (n = 980) of neurology.

Conclusion:
Publications related to veterans increased significantly from 1989 to 2018. A considerable number of the publications were in journals of psychiatric and psychological categories. However, most publications were descriptive of US veterans. Future research related to veterans in Taiwan deserves further exploration to provide a reference for prioritization of the health care and policy making.
Development of polydimethylsiloxane-based biomimetic scaffolds with cylinder micropillars for retinal pigment epithelial cell cultivation
Authors: Lin Yi-Ying , Yang Yi-Ping , Lai Wei-Yi , Chien Chian-Shiu , Chen Shih-Jen , Hwang De-Kuang , Lai Ying-Hsiu , Lin Tai-Chi , Chiou Shih-Hwa , Lo Yu-Li , Huo Teh-Ia , Chien Yueh 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of vision loss. Once the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layers are destroyed, the poor visual acuity and recognition are generally irreversible. Cell therapy that possesses enormous potential in regenerative medicine may provide an alternative treatment for several incurable diseases such as AMD. In this study, we developed an innovative polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based biomimetic scaffolds with cylinder micropillars for the cultivation of induced pluripotent stem cell–derived RPEs (iPSC-RPEs). RPEs were cultured on the PDMS-based biomimetic scaffolds and validated the cells gene expression.

Methods:
The biomimetic PDMS scaffold was fabricated through spin coating and lithography method. It was further modified on surface with biomolecules to improve cell affinity and stability. The iPSC-RPEs were seeded on the scaffold and analyzed with characteristic gene expression.

Results:
PDMS biomimetic scaffold was analyzed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proved its chemical composition. iPSC-RPEs demonstrated confluent cell monolayer on the scaffold and maintained RPE-specific gene expression, which proved the PDMS-based biomimetic scaffold to be supportive for iPSC-RPEs growth.

Conclusion:
The PDMS interface allowed regular growth of iPSC-RPEs and the design of cylinder micropillars further provided the bioscaffold high motion resistance may improve the engraftment stability of iPSC-RPEs after transplantation. Taken together, this innovative PDMS-based biomimetic scaffold may serve as an ideal interface for in vitro iPSC-RPE cultivation and subsequent transplantation in vivo. This novel device exhibits better bioavailability than conventional injection of donor cells and may be an alternative option for the treatment of AMD.
Management of Severe Cochlear Implant Infections—35 Years Clinical Experience
Authors: Weder Stefan , Shaul Chanan , Wong Amy , O’Leary Stephen , Briggs Robert J. 
Published: September 2020

Objective:
Infectious complications occurring in cochlear implant (CI) recipients is of potentially major impact. A better understanding of severe infections in this cohort is necessary.

Design:
Single-center, retrospective cohort study. Level of Evidence 2B.

Setting:
Single-center, retrospective cohort study at a tertiary referral hospital.

Participants and interventions:
We included all patients who received a CI at our institution between 1983 and end of 2018 (4,622 implantations).

Main Outcomes:
Prevalence, incidence, risk factors, and functional outcomes in severe implant infections.

Results:
There was an overall prevalence of 0.65% of severe CI infections. The cumulative incidence decreased after the year 2000, with lower infection rates with newer implant models. Patients with local risk factors were more susceptible to implant infection. In most patients, delayed re-implantation was successful. Speech-perception after re-implantation was comparable to pre-revision performance.

Conclusions:
Modified implant design and improved surgical technique has led to a decrease in the prevalence and incidence of infected implants. In severe implant infections, active surgical and antimicrobial management is required, to achieve good long-term results.
History of Mastoidectomy: PubMed, Best Matches, Secondary References, and Inaccuracies
Authors: Mudry Albert 
Published: September 2020

Objective:
PubMed is the world's largest online collection of biomedical literature citations. A PubMed search (October 11, 2019) using the medical subject heading terms “history” and “mastoidectomy” was conducted. The heading “best matches” listed as first article “A brief history of mastoidectomy,” a very relevant free full text. The aim of this study is to validate or not the relevance attributed to this study as the first article listed in best matches.

Methodology:
All the references of the article mentioned before 1860 were checked, further completed with other original sources, and studied again, with particular attention to their extracted quotes.

Results:
Surprisingly, this article contains many inaccuracies, notably concerning Galen, Lucas van Leyden, Paré, Riolan the Younger, Justus von Berger, Jasser, Dezeimeris, Wilde and Toynbee. This was most certainly related to blind trust of some secondary references.

Conclusion:
Never trust secondary references. This article also raises questions on the validity and the relevance of the best matches algorithm in PubMed.
Endoscopic Decompression of the Labyrinthine Segment of the Facial Nerve
Authors: Cornu Nicolas , Marchioni Daniele , Eliezer Michael , Verillaud Benjamin , Hautefort Charlotte , Green Andrew , Marc Morgane , Bresson Damien , Froelich Sebastien , Herman Philippe , Kania Romain 
Published: September 2020

Objective:
To describe the outcome and feasibility of an exclusive endoscopic transcanal transpromontorial approach (ETTA) for decompression of the labyrinthine segment of the facial nerve (LSFN).

Patient:
A 60-year-old man with a left-sided transverse fracture of temporal bone involving the LSFN, resulting in a grade VI House–Brackmann (HB) facial palsy, associated with ipsilateral total sensorineural hearing loss.

Intervention:
Surgical decompression of the LSFN by ETTA.

Main Outcome Measure:
The patient underwent ETTA which allowed complete exposure and decompression of the LSFN.

Results:
One year postoperatively, the patient had recovered with House–Brackmann grade II facial function.

Conclusion:
ETTA can be considered a valuable and appropriate technique for posttraumatic decompression of LSFN, associated with unilateral total sensorineural hearing loss. The procedure resulted in significant facial nerve function improvement. ETTA should be considered both a scarless, mastoid conserving and less invasive surgical technique for posttraumatic LSFN decompression associated with pre-existing cochlear impairment.
Quinine in Otology and Neurotology: Ototoxicity and Historic Role in Therapy
Authors: Semedo Maria Guilherme , Dias-Silva Nuno , Miguéis Jorge , Pita João Rui 
Published: September 2020

Objectives/Hypothesis:
Quinine, a cinchona bark-derived antimalarial alkaloid, is a known ototoxic. Isolated and named in 1820 by the French scientists Pierre-Joseph Pelletier and Joseph-Bienaimé Caventou, it has since been employed in the treatment of different maladies. Quinine was also recommended as a local anesthetic in surgical procedures in the early 20th century. This article aims to identify early ototoxicity reports regarding quinine and to investigate if quinine was previously used in otology as an anesthetic agent or as an actual therapy.

Method:
Historical review of medical and pharmaceutical literature from the 19th and 20th centuries in databases (PubMed; Web of Science), as well as medical books on ototoxic drugs, quinine, and therapies in otology.

Results:
The first identified reference of quinine ototoxicity was from 1824. Quinine also had a therapeutic role in otology and neurotology and was employed for its analgesic properties. It was used in Menière's disease, vertigo, otalgia, purulent otitis media, neuralgia of the plexus tympani, furuncles in the auditory canal, and herpes zoster in the auricle.

Conclusion:
Quinine was acknowledged as an ototoxic drug in the 19th century. Quinine was used in several otologic disorders, both as an analgesic (for herpes zoster, otalgia) and as a therapeutic agent (Menière's disease, vertigo, purulent otitis media, furuncles in the auditory canal). This research demonstrates that, analogously to gentamicin, quinine was used in Menière's disease specifically due to its ototoxic effects.
A Qualitative Appraisal of Neurotology Fellowship Websites
Authors: Hakimi Amir A. , Loanzon Roberto S. , Azhdam Ariel M. , Liu Yuan , Simental Alfred 
Published: September 2020

Objective:
To assess the accessibility and breadth of online information regarding neurotology fellowship programs by appraising individual fellowship websites as well as two popular online databases.

Methods:
The American Neurotology Society Program Information Page (ANSPIP), the American Medical Association's Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database (FREIDA), and three online search engines (Google, Yahoo, Bing) were assessed for accessibility to individual fellowship websites. Each program's ANSPIP data sheet and fellowship-specific website were then evaluated for the presence of 18 characteristics of interest to the neurotology fellowship applicant.

Results:
All three search engines yielded 23 (96%) Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)-accredited neurotology fellowship websites. Searching “Neurotology fellowships” in Google, Yahoo, and Bing required exploring up to nine pages of search results to identify all of the ACGME-accredited program-specific websites. Direct links to program websites were found on 12 (55%) and 3 (13%) of the ANSPIP and FREIDA fellowship pages, respectively. Of the 18 characteristics of interest, the ANSPIP data sheet and individual program websites on average delineated 8.0 and 7.8 characteristics, respectively. Ninety-one percent of fellowship websites included program coordinator information, general program description, and breadth of surgical exposure. In contrast, work/life balance, postfellowship placement, and current fellow(s) were least commonly displayed (4%, 9%, 13% respectively). One-hundred percent of ANSPIP data sheets included program coordinator information, number of fellows, and affiliated hospital(s), whereas none of the pages included selection criteria, application requirements, description of location, or work/life balance.

Conclusion:
Although most neurotology fellowship programs have websites or ANSPIP data sheets, many of them lack information that has been previously demonstrated to be valued by applicants. Furthermore, incongruence of information between these sources may lead to confusion, applicant stress, and reflect poorly on fellowship programs. Perhaps a standardized list of ACGME-required data points to be posted on websites would facilitate the application process.
Postoperative Course of Pars Flaccida Cholesteatoma Patients With Habitual Sniffing
Authors: Endo Shiori , Mizuta Kunihiro , Takahashi Goro , Arai Maki , Nakanishi Hiroshi , Takizawa Yoshinori , Hosokawa Kumiko , Yamatodani Takashi , Misawa Kiyoshi , Hosokawa Seiji , Mineta Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2020

Objective:
To investigate the effects of habitual sniffing on the postoperative course of pars flaccida cholesteatoma.

Study Design:
Retrospective case series study.

Setting:
University hospital.

Patients:
Forty-nine patients (53 ears) with pars flaccida cholesteatoma and history of habitual sniffing before the initial operation.

Interventions:
Patients were divided into a “sniffing cessation group” characterized by sniffing cessation and a “continual sniffing group” characterized by continuation of sniffing despite instructions for conscious cessation.

Main Outcome Measures:
Hearing level, tympanic membrane findings, tympanograms, mastoid cell development before the operation, and pneumatization 1 year postoperatively.

Results:
The sniffing cessation and continual sniffing groups comprised 35 patients (38 ears) and 14 patients (15 ears), respectively. The average postoperative hearing was slightly better in the continual sniffing group. In the sniffing cessation group, retractions were evident in significantly fewer cases. Retractions were observed in all continual sniffing group cases, with a high percentage of severe retractions, wherein the bottom was not visible. Type A tympanogram was predominant in the sniffing cessation group. Mastoid cell development was not significantly different between the two groups. Satisfactory pneumatization was significantly more common in the sniffing cessation group (Fisher's exact test, ∗∗
p < 0.005).

Conclusion:
Conscious cessation of the sniffing habit could reduce the risk of postoperative retraction and improve pneumatization in patients with pars flaccida cholesteatoma. The presence or absence of the sniffing habit after surgery is a defining factor in postoperative prognosis (retraction, recurrence), and may be a determinant for decisions regarding surgical approach.
Bimodal Stimulation in Children With Bilateral Profound Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Suitable Intervention Model for Children at the Early Developmental Stage
Authors: Chen Ying , Huang Meiping , Li Bei , Wang Zhaoyan , Zhang Zhihua , Jia Huan , Hu Lingxiang , Cai Yun , Li Yun , Huang Zhiwu , Wu Hao 
Published: September 2020

Objective:
To evaluate the auditory and speech benefit of bimodal stimulation for prelingual deafened cochlear implantation recipients.

Study Design:
Retrospective and comparative study.

Setting:
Tertiary referral center.

Patients:
Fifty-six children with bilateral prelingual profound sensorineural hearing loss were enrolled, including 28 consecutive children with unilateral cochlear implantation (CI group), and 28 consecutive children with bimodal stimulation (BI group) who used an additional hearing aid (HA) in the contralateral ear.

Main Outcome Measures:
Hearing assessments included the Infant-Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale (IT-MAIS) and Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP). Speech evaluations included the Meaningful Use of Speech Scale (MUSS), and Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR). These measurements were evaluated at the first mapping of cochlear implants and 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24 months after. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis.

Results:
The mean ages of BI and CI groups were similar (17.6 ± 6.87 vs 19.0 ± 8.10 months, p = 0.497). The initial scores for hearing and speech assessments showed no differences between the two groups, apart from IT-MAIS (2.46 ± 0.631 in BI group vs 0.50 ± 0.279 in CI group, p = 0.004). The auditory and speech development over time were different in the two groups as seen in IT-MAIS (p < 0.001), CAP (p = 0.029), MUSS (p < 0.001), and SIR (p < 0.001). A continuing but stable difference was observed in CAP, MUSS, and SIR at 3, 18, and 12 months after the first mapping, respectively. In addition, the BI group had better IT-MAIS scores at 3 and 6 months compared with the CI group; however, the difference was not significant after 12 months.

Conclusion:
Bimodal stimulation is beneficial for prelingually deafened CI recipients who have minimal contralateral residual hearing when bilateral CIs are not available. Hearing aid use in the contralateral ear might be recommended for children after unilateral cochlear implantation to facilitate the development of auditory and speech skills.