bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calculate Energy Levels, Energy Ratios and Electric Quadrupole Transition Probability B(E2), of the Even-Even Yb-164 Isotopes Using IBM-1
Authors: Hummadi Sallama Sadiq , Safauldeen Omar Ahmed M. , Kumeel Amani Abdullah , Hadee Anaam Musa , Honi Raghdaa Hameed 
Published: March 2020

The nuclear structure for even-even nuclei estimated by using interacting boson model (IBM-1). Also this program was used to determine energy levels of g- state, energy ratios and electric quadrupole transitions probability B(E2) which have been calculated. Depending on the follow up of energy ground bands (g, β, and γ) . The dynamical symmetry and energy spectrum of selected isotope are determined by B(E2). The electric quadrupole transition probability of the (2ᶢ+-0ᶢ+) transitions for Yb (A=164) isotopes with the dynamical symmetry SU(3)- SU(5) from rotational SU(3) to vibrational SU(5). All obtained results of the study were compared with experimental facts and acceptable agreement obtained.
ML(θC)-space in topological spaces
Authors: Nadhim Nadia ali , Ali Haider J. , Majeed Rasha N. 
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this paper is to provide a new important concept which is minimal -space (denoted by in-space or -space), also given some properties, examples, theorems and the topological property inin-space are discussed.الهدف من هذا البحث هو تقديم مفهوم مهم جديد وهو فضاء minimal -space ونرمز له in-space او -space ,وكدلك اعطينا بعض الامثلة, النظريات و الخاصية التوبولوجية نوقشت.
Key Generation based on Henon map and Lorenz system
Authors: Bader Ansam Sabah , Hameed Shaymaa , K. Maisa’a Abid Ali 
Published: March 2020

Securing information has been the most significant process for communication and data store. Orderly to secure information such as data authentication, data integrity, and confidentiality must be verified based on algorithms of cryptography. Where, the most important part of any encryption algorithms is the key which specifies if the system is strong enough or not. The proposal of this paper is a new method to generate keys based on two kinds of chaos theory in order to improve the security of cryptographic algorithms. The base of this proposal is to investigate a new method for generating random numbers by using the 3D Lorenz system and 2D Henon map. The newly generated keys have successfully passed the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) statistical test suite
Image Encryption Algorithm Based on a Novel Six-Dimensional Hyper- Chaotic System
Authors: Mehdi Sadiq A. , Ali Zaydon latif 
Published: March 2020

Due to the rapid evaluation in the field of communications and multimedia and the increasing use of the Internet, multimedia data security has become very urgent. of the best alternative way to achieve multimedia data security is encryption, which prevents unauthorized entities from accessing confidential data. In recent years, the chaotic system of image encryption becomes an efficient way to encrypt images due to its high security. It has certain special properties like sensitivity to initial conditions, and control parameters, pseudorandom, ergodicity, and non-convergence, etc. chaotic dynamics systems became a promising alternative to traditional encryption algorithms. In this paper, This paper presents a new algorithm for the image encryption/decryption scheme depended on a novel six-dimensional hyper-chaotic system to achieve a high level of security, the chaotic sequence generated from system employ for permutation and diffusion the original image to create an encrypted image. The performance of the algorithm has been analyzed through analyzes statistical such as Histogram Analysis, Correlation Coefficient Analysis, Information Entropy Analysis, Key Space Analysis, Key Sensitivity Analysis, Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR), Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio, The experimental results show that the algorithm has good encryption performance, large keyspace equals to and the high sensitivity for small changes in secret key which makes the algorithm immune to Brute force attacks, and it can resist the statistical attacks, therefore, the presented encryption algorithm depends on a novel hyperchaotic system is more secure against the statistical and differential attacks.
False Matches Removing in Copy-Move Forgery Detection Algorithms
Authors: Mahdi Muthana salih , Alsaad Saad N. 
Published: March 2020

Today the technology age is characterized by spreading of digital images. The most common form of transfer the information in magazines, newspapers, scientific journals and all types of social media. This huge use of images technology has been accompanied by an evolution in editing tools of image processing which make modifying and editing an image is very simple. Nowadays, the circulation of such forgery images, which distort the truth, has become common, intentionally or unintentionally. Nowadays many methods of copy-move forgery detection which is one of the most important and popular methods of image forgery are available. Most of these methods suffer from the problem of producing false matches as false positives in flat regions. This paper presents an algorithm of the Copy-Move forgery detection using the SIFT algorithm with an effective method to remove the false positives by rejecting all key-points in matches list that own a neighbor less than the threshold. The accuracy of the proposed algorithm was 95 %. The experimental results refer that the proposed method of false positives removing can remove false matches accurately and quickly.
EDITORIAL: A cooperative future
Authors: Richards Ian 
Published: March 2020

WELCOME to the first issue of Pacific Journalism Review to be jointly edited by the editors of PJR and Australian Journalism Review. The trigger for this cooperative editorial venture was the major conference held in Auckland in December 2006, involving the Journalism Education Association of New Zealand (JEANZ) and Australia’s Journalism Education Association (JEA). Anyone who has been to New Zealand will appreciate that it is an excellent destination for a conference, and that Auckland is a beautiful part of New Zealand in which to locate it. Titled ‘Journalism Downunder: The future of the media in the digital age’, the conference was hosted (and very well organised) by AUT University in Auckland. It produced a high standard of trans-Tasman discussion and debate, in the process drawing attention to our many areas of common interest and few points of difference.
Commentary: Small Pacific states and media freedom: A Kiribati case study
Authors: Korauaba Taberannang 
Published: March 2020

For more than 50 years, the governments of Kiribati have manipulated the affairs of the Broadcasting and Publications Authority (BPA). The authority runs a radio station and newspaper reaching the majority of the population of Kiribati. The interference is simply a warning to those working for the authority that they do not have freedom to inform the public. In practice, the political opposition would oppose this interference, describing it as draconian and demanding more media freedom. But when the opposition came to power, it would also restrict the work of journalists. Thus reporters have often been caught in the crossfire between the politicians and are fearful of their future. Some journalists have been accused of being anti-government or sanctioning stories that embarrass the political leaders. This commentary explains—from the firsthand experience of this journalist—why in the digital era small Pacific nations such as Kiribati face a more fundamental issue: protecting the public’s right to know.
Privacy and the global media in the information age
Authors: Akel William 
Published: March 2020

The protection of privacy is being increasingly recognised worldwide by the courts, and media regulators, as a result of what is seen as a more powerful and intrusive media, and the effect of the internet. A right to privacy may even apply in a public place. This article examines the impact this has on the media in the information age? New Zealand now has a tort of interference with privacy. The criminal courts are also considering privacy values in issues ranging from suppression orders to release of court information to the public. The Broadcasting Standards Authority has revised its privacy principles. Codes of conduct with regard to the print media also acknowledge privacy. But the protection of privacy has its genesis in the 1890s and not in the digital age. A seminal article by Warren and Brandeis, ‘The Right to Privacy’ (1890), was a reaction to what was at that time seen as an over-powerful media. United States jurisprudence evolved to the Prosser and Keeton formulation in the 1960s. New Zealand jurisprudence has relied on this formulation to advance privacy rights. The English courts have taken a similar approach in the much publicised Douglas v Hello! and Naomi Campbell cases. The European courts, as a reaction to an overactive paparazzi, have pushed the bounds of privacy in the Peck and Princess Caroline cases. The High Court of Australia considered privacy in Lenah Game Meats Pty Ltd. Finally, the International Covenants and protection of privacy.
Communications, contacts, ethics and the mysterious slow death of the contemporary police reporter
Authors: Castle Philip 
Published: March 2020

This article, based on interviews, research and the author’s personal experience in the media for more than 30 years as a police/crime reporter, former Head of Public Affairs for the Australian Federal Police and journalism lecturer, will examine the unique challenges and role of reporting police/emergency/crime journalism—how it can work and how it can break down. It will particularly examine the mostly unequal relationships between journalists and official sources where the various emergency services, notably the police, trade on releasing selected information and avoid releasing information if it is unfavourable or inconvenient. It will cover the important aspects of sources, both official and unofficial, on and off-the-record agreements, anonymous sources, ethically and unethically obtained material and the all important overriding considerations of the law including criminal processes, defamation, sub judice, jurisdictional restrictions, pre-trial publicity and trial by the media. These stories can challenge even the most experienced journalist placing demands on almost all of their skills. If done properly, journalists can fulfil the paramount responsibility of informing the public on critical matters and maintaining the media’s role of being an effective Fourth Estate.
The virtual newsroom: Using wiki technology for training student print journalists
Authors: Hetherington Susan 
Published: March 2020

This article analyses how, during a one-year project, a wiki was established to enable student print journalists to collaborate to create a professional print news product. The idea was to replicate a professional newsroom where a second set of eyes is always cast on material before publication but to do so in an environment that provided flexibility of access and therefore accommodated demanding student timetables. The wiki provided a space for student peer editing of news and feature stories enhancing the collaborative, creative and critical literacies of those involved. The article explores how peer review (in the writing process) helped these reviewers become better writers and ultimately better journalists. It reviews literature regarding the use of wikis as a collaborative learning tool and uses student surveys to assess the success of the pilot project.
Elite sources, journalistic practice and the status quo
Authors: Mason Anthony 
Published: March 2020

In a time of crisis, when there is a signifi cant amount of uncertainty about the means and motivations of those involved, news sources have the ability to determine how an event is represented to an entire society. But who are these sources, and what kinds of institutions do they speak for? Do elite sources dominate the news, and if they do, what is the impact? In the 20th anniversary year of the two Sitiveni Rabuka coups in Fiji, this article takes a mixed methods approach to an investigation of the Australian coverage of the coups in 1987 and 2000. Three Australian broadsheet newspapers—The Australian, The Canberra Times and The Sydney Morning Herald—provide the sample for a content analysis, which focuses on the kinds of sources used in the coup coverage. In particular, it highlights who the sources were and the kinds of institutions they represented. Fifteen journalists who covered the coups in Fiji were interviewed about the experience of covering the coups, including the task of fi nding reliable, credible sources. Their answers are compared with the results of the content analysis in order to gain a broader understanding of how the Fiji coups were covered.
Information provision and restriction: The roles of the police, media and public in coverage of the Coral-Ellen Burrows murder inquiry
Authors: Hardy Ann , Gunn Alastair 
Published: March 2020

Six-year-old Coral-Ellen Burrows disappeared in September 2003 after her stepfather, Stephen Williams, had apparently dropped her off at school, though in fact he had murdered her. After extensive searches, her body was found 10 days later. Williams pleaded guilty to murder and was duly sentenced. The intensive cross-media coverage of the search for Coral-Ellen—of the kind that Innes (1999) commenting on media and police interactions in Britain calls ‘blitz coverage’, made this case the pre-eminent news story of 2003. However, the attenuated nature of the search also exposed some of the tensions inherent in the relationships between those parties interested in the case. We understand these to consist of six entities which have an existence that is both material and conceptual: these are the victim’s family, possible suspects, the local community, the police, the media, and the national public, in this case envisaged in a dual role as wider community and media-audience. All of these stand in relationship to the more abstract yet rigid institution of the law, whose dictates guide the behaviour of the police, and strongly influence that of the media. This paper reports on research carried out by analysis ofNew Zealand Herald, Wairarapa Times-Age and TV One coverage of the case, and by two interviews with journalists investigating the forces that shaped the media coverage.
Exposing the covert right in a news world without political memory
Authors: Hope Wayne 
Published: March 2020

The arrival of this book last November (2006) was a landmark event for political journalism in New Zealand. There had been rumours about exposé of National Party links with the Exclusive Brethren sect and wealthy corporate donors.
This kind of journalism is rarely attempted within New zealand's mainstream media organisations. Consequently, the public sphere is routinely shaped by the market researchers, public relations practitioners and micro-managing spin doctors. The reception accorded to Hager's book illustrates this process.
Noted: Reporting guide for a crisis
Authors: Cullen Trevor 
Published: March 2020

The booklet, published by the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) and sponsored by the Swedish Trade Union movement, is divided into three parts: the basics, the media and more about HIV. It provides answers to frequently asked questions and presents explanations on transmission, treatments, oppurtunistic infections and alternative terms to use so as to avoid promoting misconceptions about people living with HIV and AIDS. These sections are extremly useful, especially for their clarity and precision.
Who let the blogs out? Media and free speech in post-coup Fiji
Authors: Foster Sophie 
Published: March 2020

Fiji’s fourth armed seizure of government on 5 December 2006 delivered more than a new administration - it heralded the onslaught of a new media environment. With a heavy military crackdown on dissenting opinion and subsequent self-censorship of mainstream media, anonymous weblogs became a safe option for expressing anti-coup views. But because some anonymous blogs allowed racist, defamatory and provocative views to flourish, the role of the press and journalistic ethics was also seen as important. This article examines how a new—and uneasy—media combination kept freedom of expression alive in the months following the coup d’état.
Cartoon: © Malcolm Evans
The case for using electronic technology in Fiji’s general elections
Authors: Nicholl Rae 
Published: March 2020

On 5 December 2006, the Commander of the Republic of Fiji Military Forces, Commodore Voreqe Bainimarama, announced he had assumed executive power: he dismissed the elected government and declared a State of Emergency. One month later, on 4 January 2007, Bainimarama was appointed interim prime minister by the President of the Fiji Islands and set out the broad objectives of his interim government, which included a commitment to electoral reform. On 20 February 2007, the interim Cabinet approved a ‘road map’, which committed Fiji to a general election and full restoration of parliamentary democracy by 2010. The announcement included the provision for a population census to be carried out by the Bureau of Statistics in 2007 and the consequent determination by the Boundaries Commission of new geographical constituencies. In addition, the Elections Office will be expected to examine a new system of ‘polling, voting, vote counting and declaration of results’. This article argues that, as planning for the road map progresses, the Fiji Elections Office should give serious consideration to the expanded use of the ‘new’ technologies -the internet, the worldwide web and mobile telephones - when considering changes to the voting system. Attempts were made, primarily by the Elections Office and some political parties, to use the new technologies to inform citizens about their voting options during the 2006 election campaign but the available technology was not used to its fullest. Electronic technology is widely available throughout Fiji and creative ways need to be developed by all political actors to reach citizens, especially young people.
The big NZ journalism survey: Underpaid, under-trained, under-resourced, unsure about the future – but still idealistic
Authors: Hollings James , Lealand Geoff , Samson Alan , Tilley Elspeth 
Published: March 2020

This survey (n=514) updates and extends previous surveys of New Zealand journalists, by measuring attitudes to resourcing, news coverage, ethics and standards, changing technology, ownership and other topics. Reasonably broad coverage of print, broadcast and internet journalists was achieved. Low pay and a lack of support and training, rather than staff numbers, were the standout concerns. Most respondents believed coverage of local, political, business and features was good, while sports achieved the highest rating and foreign coverage the lowest. Respondents generally rated ethics and standards as important, and while they had concerns about sensationalism, they did not seek more regulation. They considered the media was generally performing its watchdog role well, but had concerns about the impact of decreasing resources (especially staff numbers, levels of experience, and time to develop in-depth investigations) on that watchdog role, as well as the impact of changing technology, commercial and advertising pressures. They were evenly divided between antagonism and tolerance in their stances towards public relations. Respondents’ political views were generally neutral or slightly left. There were significant differences across gender, job status, employer and age in many of the results. Demographic data suggest the workforce is becoming more feminised, (as earlier surveys have suggested), with disproportionate numbers of younger women and older men, and an apparent pay disparity between males and females.
Note: The PJR published version did not include the politics section. A second full text file is linked with the politics section included.
The Australian Parliament and press freedom in an international context
Authors: Pearson Mark , Galvin Camille 
Published: March 2020

The article reports on a study using grounded theory methodology to track the contexts in which Australian parliamentarians used the expressions 'press freedom' and 'freedom of press' over the ten years from 1994 to 2004. It uses Parliamentry Hansard records to identify the speeches in which discussions of press freedom arose. Interestingly, the terms were used by members of the House of Representativies or Senate in just 78 speeches out of more than 180,000 over that decade. Those usages have been coded to develop a theory about the interface between press freedom and the parliament. This article reports just one aspect of the findings from the larger study—the way parliamentarians have contrasted the value of press freedom in Australia with press freedom in other countries. It is one step towards building a broader theory of press freedom in the Australian parliamentary context.
Fine job at the interface of Māoridom and journalism
Authors: Samson Alan 
Published: March 2020

In the introduction to her journalists guide to reporting Māoridom, Pou Kōrero author Carol Archie, a Pākehā and a journalist, agonises over how to describe non-Māori and comes up with 'other New Zealanders'. "Pākehā" won't do,' she says, 'because it has come to mean New Zealanders with European ancestry. 'Non- Māori' is negative and says what we're not, rather than what we are... an tauiwi (meaning foreigner) can offend those who still aren't tangata whenua but who still feel we belong to nowehere else but Aotearoa New Zealand."
The paradox of two countries called Fiji
Authors: Robie David 
Published: March 2020

This book, Stopover, is a poignant documentary of the lives of the cane families and a story of migration. It is illustrated with some 59 sepiatoned Connew portraits and other studies, seven diaspora snapshots, two grainy Speight television images and a faded image of two unkown men, earlier descendants (c. 1940's) of the girmitiya, 19th century indentured labourers brought to Fiji by the British colonialists to establish the sugar plantations.
Noted: Storytelling and race - doing it better
Authors: Robie David 
Published: March 2020

'Storytelling. Pasifika stories told with context, complexity and completness. Just another side to the theme of this book on better reporting of race and ethnicity' - The Authentic Voice.
'The word 'neutrality occurs when we talk about the Red Cross. It often means a 'no comment'. But this journal on 'communication' is an eye opener and full of interesting comments. Its editorial notes that in a time of conflict, the sender's message is printed as information and that of the opponent as propaganda. It could be expressed as 'the first casualty when war comes is truth.'' - International Review of the Red Cross.
'Geoffrey Cox's many dramatic eyewitness accounts of the bitter battles for demoracy and survival in the dommed city are a living example of the journalism maxim 'first draft of history'. His vivid reportage provided the foundation for this classic account of one of the critical periods of the war, Defence of Madrid. The book was written in a two-month period after the Republicans' successful defence of the city.' -Defence of Madrid.