bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Electron-Beam Welding Speed on Weld Metal Mechanical Properties of 5V Titanium Alloy
Authors: Terentyev E V , Zhgut D A , Borodavkina K T 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The results of metallographic studies of 5V titanium alloy welds obtained with the range of electron-beam welding speeds from 20 to 120 m/h are presented. It was established that at all welding speeds some identical microstructure of a weld metal is formed, which can differ only in sizes and shapes of the primary crystals. The results of Vickers hardness, ultimate tensile stress and yield stress estimation by sample-free indentation methods are shown. The weld metal hardness distribution in the transverse direction is homogeneous while from the top to the root an increase in hardness values at all welding speed modes is occurred. It was also revealed that both the hardness and strength of the weld metal grow with the rising welding speed, herewith the increase in these properties in the top of the weld is more significant than in the root. According to the analysis of the interrelation between structure and mechanical properties it was concluded that the main reason of mechanical properties fluctuations is a change in the weld metal chemical composition as a result of the volatile components evaporation during welding.
Direct Energy Deposition of Cu-Fe System Functionally Graded Structures
Authors: Makarenko K I , Shishkovsky I V 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper demonstrates the results of microstructure, microhardness and elasticity analysis of the functionally graded (FG) specimens with multilayer structure created of stainless steel and aluminium bronze powder materials via direct energy deposition (DED) laser technology. Increase of microhardness (up to 266 HV) and Young’s modulus of elasticity (up to 43.2 GPa) along with growth of the dendritic crystals in the gradient structures are observed. The results of numerical simulation demonstrate stress distribution in FG Cu-Fe system structure with a sharp interface. The results of the research can be used for 3D-printing of the aerospace industry details created from two kinds of material with rather different thermomechanical properties.
Mathematical Modelling of Low Temperature Solder Direct Extrusion
Authors: Radionova L V , Faizov S R , Sarafanov A E 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Defining of process technological parameters is very important for low temperature solder extrusion. A mathematical model of low temperature solder wire and rods direct extrusion, which allows determining the energy-power process parameters, has been developed. The validation of the mathematical model for adequacy was checked during a laboratory experiment on a hydraulic press. In laboratory the force and speed of pressing were measured and recorded using the data collection system installed on it. The validation of the model for adequacy was carried out by pressing 08.00 and 015 mm rods and 02.00 mm wire and showed fine precision of calculations with experimental measurements. The error did not exceed 10%. The resulting mathematical model was used for analytical studies of Sn-In alloy bars and wires direct pressing technological modes. Calculations have shown that a decrease in the finished rod (wire) diameter from 16.00 to 2.00 mm while maintaining the workpiece size 030.00 mm leads to an increase in the pressing force from 86 kN to 131 kN at the initial moment of pressing. It increases the elongation ratio from 4 to 256. The pressing force of 08.00 mm rod increases from 25 to 171 kN after an increase in the diameter of the workpiece from 12.0 to 40.0 mm. Analytical studies on the model showed that it is possible not only to study the pressing process in order to understand the mechanisms of forming the mechanical and operational properties of the finished rod (wire), but also to design resource-saving pressing modes for various product gauges, to carry out substantiated selection of the required equipment and accessories.
Microfluidic-assisted bioprinting of tissues and organoids at high cell concentrations
Authors: Serex Ludovic , Sharma Kunal , Rizov Victor , Bertsch Arnaud , McKinney John D , Renaud Philippe 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Despite its simplicity, which makes it the most commonly used bioprinting method today, extrusion-based bioprinting suffers from its inability to reproduce the complex tissue architecture found in organs. Generally, this printing method allows for the dispensing of solutions of a predefined cell concentration through a rudimentary needle. Moreover, to avoid cell lysis in the dispensing needle, which is detrimental to the viability of the printed tissue, as well as cell loss in dead volumes of tubing, thereby increasing the cost of printing tissue, a common strategy has been to print with cell concentrations much lower in comparison to the concentrations found in living tissues. As a result, cell-to-cell distance is increased in the dispensed samples impairing communication through cytokines. Here, we present a microfluidic-based print head capable of modulating the printed cell concentration in real-time. This device allows bioprinting at high cell concentrations by concentrating and dispensing fibroblasts at concentrations up to 10 million cells∙mL−1. We also demonstrate that this device can be used to print bladder organoids. As the cell seeding concentration is of major importance for organogenesis in 3D culture, organoid printing allows the user to standardize the process of organoid formation and achieve more reliable and reproducible results.
Excitons in bulk black phosphorus evidenced by photoluminescence at low temperature
Authors: Carré E , Sponza L , Lusson A , Stenger I , Gaufrès E , Loiseau A , Barjon J 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Atomic layers of black phosphorus (BP) present unique opto-electronic properties dominated by a direct tunable bandgap in a wide spectral range from visible to mid-infrared (IR). In this work, we investigate the IR photoluminescence (PL) of BP single crystals at very low temperature. Near-band-edge recombinations are observed at 2 K, including dominant excitonic transitions at 0.276 eV and a weaker one at 0.278 eV. The free-exciton binding energy is calculated with an anisotropic Wannier–Mott model and found equal to 9.1 meV. On the contrary, the PL intensity quenching of the 0.276 eV peak at high temperature is found with a much smaller activation energy, attributed to the localization of free excitons on a shallow impurity. This analysis leads us to attribute respectively the 0.276 eV and 0.278 eV PL lines to bound excitons and free excitons in BP. As a result, the value of bulk BP bandgap is refined to 0.287 eV at 2 K.
Effect of B4Cp content on microstructure and the high-temperature oxidation behavior of Ti-5.4Al-4.03Mo-3.93V-2.37Cr-0.01Zr composites
Authors: Liu Yangguang , Xu Xiaojing , Xiao Yishui , Wang Saifu , Ju Shihao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The paper discusses the effects of B4C particle (B4Cp) content on the microstructure and high-temperature oxidation resistance of B4Cp/Ti-5.4Al-4.03Mo-3.93V-2.37Cr-0.01Zr composite prepared by powder metallurgy. The results demonstrate that grain size of the composites decreases by increasing reinforcement content from 1 to 3 wt.%, suggesting that B4Cp can refine grain of the materials. For the composites with increasing B4Cp content from 0 to 3 wt.%, the apparent porosity increase from 3.23 to 6.89%, indicating that the density of materials decreased with the increase of B4CP content. In addition, the hardness of the materials have been greatly improved. Comparing to the substrate 434.02 HV, the 1, 2, and 3 wt.% B4CP specimens are increased by 37.2%, 57.5%, and 84.7%, respectively. The weight of the oxidation product is reduced and the oxidation rate is slowed down, as the B4CP content increases. Moreover, the thickness of the oxide layer is greatly reduced, and the thickness of oxidation layer in composites with 0, 1, 2 and 3 wt.% B4CP specimens were 60, 55, 47 and 40 μm, indicating that B4CP can improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance.
Three dimensional Green function in cylindrical coordinates: application to the Aharonov–Bohm effect of double arc-slits
Authors: Boonpan Samak , Muthaporn Chaiyapoj 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The object of this paper is the generalization of the theoretical calculation of the probability density of finding a charged particle crossing the double arc-slit in the presence of the vector potential. The explicit derivations is carried out in cylindrical coordinates for the Green functions for the underlying problem corresponding to a particle in free magnetic field, for a quantized as well as a non-quantized flux. The discussion in this paper will be limited to the uniform wavefunction of each particle on the surfaces of double arc-slits.
Fields of Revision: Adaptations ofWren’s Elegyby Mo Yun-suk and Kim Ki-young
Authors: Sohn Irhe , Chong Ki-In 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis essay investigates the ‘field of revision’, in which multiple texts permeate each other to question and transform a given story. To do so, it examines the adaptations of Wren’s Elegy, a South Korean epistolary poem that narrates the story of its titular character’s love for a married man named Simon. The decades-long development of its story—from Mo Yun-suk’s initial publication in 1937 as a revisionist project based on Yi Kwang-su’s Heartless, to three revisions made by the author herself, to its film adaptation by Kim Ki-young—shows how adaptation involves multiple texts, authors, and historical and cultural conditions that create broader networks of elements for stories. By identifying and exploring the blind spots of previous versions, each revision updates the story of Wren and Simon to introduce a different vision. Through our analysis of Mo and Kim’s works, we argue that revision is not just about newly introduced ideas and perspectives, but also about critiques of a story’s previous forms. By viewing revision as such a method, the study of adaptation can become more than an inspection of the difference between texts based on a rigid hierarchy of originals and adaptations.
Twitter Analytics to Inform Provisional Guidance for COVID-19 Challenges in the Meatpacking Industry
Authors: Durand-Moreau Quentin , Mackenzie Graham , Adisesh Anil , Straube Sebastian , Chan Xin Hui S , Zelyas Nathan , Greenhalgh Trisha 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic raised considerable challenges to obtain reliable guidance to help occupational health practitioners, workers, and stakeholders building up efficient prevention strategies at the workplace, between the constant increase of publications in the domain, the time required to run high-quality research and systematic reviews, and the urgent need to identify areas for prevention at the workplace. Social Media and Twitter, in particular, have already been used in research and constitute a useful source of information to identify community needs and topics of interest for prevention in the meatpacking industry. In this commentary, we introduce the methods and tools we used to screen relevant posts on Twitter. Twitter analytics is a way to capture real-time concerns of the community and help ensure compliance with the notion of social accountability. As such research has limitations in terms of exhaustiveness and level of evidence, it should be considered as provisional guidance to direct both actions at the workplace and further conventional research projects.
Intervessel pit membrane thickness best explains variation in embolism resistance amongst stems of Arabidopsis thaliana accessions
Authors: Thonglim Ajaree , Delzon Sylvain , Larter Maximilian , Karami Omid , Rahimi Arezoo , Offringa Remko , Keurentjes Joost J B , Balazadeh Salma , Smets Erik , Lens Frederic 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
The ability to avoid drought-induced embolisms in the xylem is one of the essential traits for plants to survive periods of water shortage. Over the past three decades, hydraulic studies have been focusing on trees, which limits our ability to understand how herbs tolerate drought. Here we investigate the embolism resistance in inflorescence stems of four Arabidopsis thaliana accessions that differ in growth form and drought response. We assess functional traits underlying the variation in embolism resistance amongst the accessions studied using detailed anatomical observations.

Methods
Vulnerability to xylem embolism was evaluated via vulnerability curves using the centrifuge technique and linked with detailed anatomical observations in stems using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

Key Results
The data show significant differences in stem P50, varying 2-fold from −1.58 MPa in the Cape Verde Island accession to −3.07 MPa in the woody soc1 ful double mutant. Out of all the anatomical traits measured, intervessel pit membrane thickness (TPM) best explains the differences in P50, as well as P12 and P88. The association between embolism resistance and TPM can be functionally explained by the air-seeding hypothesis. There is no evidence that the correlation between increased woodiness and increased embolism resistance is directly related to functional aspects. However, we found that increased woodiness is strongly linked to other lignification characters, explaining why mechanical stem reinforcement is indirectly related to increased embolism resistance.

Conclusions
The woodier or more lignified accessions are more resistant to embolism than the herbaceous accessions, confirming the link between increased stem lignification and increased embolism resistance, as also observed in other lineages. Intervessel pit membrane thickness and, to a lesser extent, theoretical vessel implosion resistance and vessel wall thickness are the missing functional links between stem lignification and embolism resistance.
Determinants of offspring sex in kangaroos: a test of multiple hypotheses
Authors: Toni Pauline , Forsyth David M , Festa-Bianchet Marco 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
When the fitness costs and benefits of sons and daughters differ, offspring sex ratio manipulation could be an important reproductive tactic. We explored the effects of environment and maternal caring ability on offspring sex to test four adaptive sex ratio modification hypotheses: the extrinsic modification hypothesis (EMH), carrying capacity hypothesis (CCH), Trivers-Willard hypothesis (TWH), and cost-of-reproduction hypothesis (CRH). The EMH and CCH propose that environmental conditions shape offspring sex ratios, directly or in interaction with maternal condition. The TWH and CRH predict a positive relationship between maternal condition and production of the costlier sex. The TWH predicts that mothers with superior caring ability should produce more of the sex that can provide the greatest fitness returns from additional maternal allocation, and the CRH proposes that females with limited caring ability should reduce fitness costs by producing the cheaper sex. Repeated measures on 83 known-age eastern gray kangaroos, polygynous marsupials with strong sexual dimorphism, revealed that offspring sex ratio was independent of per capita forage, supporting neither the EMH nor CCH, but was dependent on maternal mass, consistent with the TWH and CCH. Our results, however, cannot clearly identify the ultimate cause of the relationship between maternal mass and greater production of sons. One of the three assumptions of the TWH could not be verified, and mothers of sons suffered only marginal additional fitness costs. Sex ratios in higher vertebrates are likely not solely explained by factors dependent on maternal control.
Ultra-fast scalable estimation of single-cell differentiation potency from scRNA-Seq data
Authors: Teschendorff Andrew E , Maity Alok K , Hu Xue , Weiyan Chen , Lechner Matthias 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Motivation
An important task in the analysis of single-cell RNA-Seq data is the estimation of differentiation potency, as this can help identify stem-or-multipotent cells in non-temporal studies or in tissues where differentiation hierarchies are not well established. A key challenge in the estimation of single-cell potency is the need for a fast and accurate algorithm, scalable to large scRNA-Seq studies profiling millions of cells.

Results
Here, we present a single-cell potency measure, called Correlation of Connectome and Transcriptome (CCAT), which can return accurate single-cell potency estimates of a million cells in minutes, a 100-fold improvement over current state-of-the-art methods. We benchmark CCAT against 8 other single-cell potency models and across 28 scRNA-Seq studies, encompassing over 2 million cells, demonstrating comparable accuracy than the current state-of-the-art, at a significantly reduced computational cost, and with increased robustness to dropouts.

Availability and implementation
CCAT is part of the SCENT R-package, freely available from https://github.com/aet21/SCENT.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Bi-allelic truncating mutations in VWA1 cause neuromyopathy
Authors: Deschauer Marcus , Hengel Holger , Rupprich Katrin , Kreiß Martina , Schlotter-Weigel Beate , Grimmel Mona , Admard Jakob , Schneider Ilka , Alhaddad Bader , Gazou Anastasia , Sturm Marc , Vorgerd Matthias , Balousha Ghassan , Balousha Osama , Falna Mohammed , Kirschke Jan S , Kornblum Cornelia , Jordan Berit , Kraya Torsten , Strom Tim M , Weis Joachim , Schöls Ludger , Schara Ulrike , Zierz Stephan , Riess Olaf , Meitinger Thomas , Haack Tobias B 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The von Willebrand Factor A domain containing 1 protein, encoded by VWA1, is an extracellular matrix protein expressed in muscle and peripheral nerve. It interacts with collagen VI and perlecan, two proteins that are affected in hereditary neuromuscular disorders. Lack of VWA1 is known to compromise peripheral nerves in a Vwa1 knock-out mouse model. Exome sequencing led us to identify bi-allelic loss of function variants in VWA1 as the molecular cause underlying a so far genetically undefined neuromuscular disorder. We detected six different truncating variants in 15 affected individuals from six families of German, Arabic, and Roma descent. Disease manifested in childhood or adulthood with proximal and distal muscle weakness predominantly of the lower limbs. Myopathological and neurophysiological findings were indicative of combined neurogenic and myopathic pathology. Early childhood foot deformity was frequent, but no sensory signs were observed. Our findings establish VWA1 as a new disease gene confidently implicated in this autosomal recessive neuromyopathic condition presenting with child-/adult-onset muscle weakness as a key clinical feature.
Liver Stiffness–Based Strategies Predict Absence of Variceal Bleeding in Cirrhotic Hepatitis C Virus–Infected Patients With and Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection After Sustained Virological Response
Authors: Corma-Gómez Anaïs , Macías Juan , Morano Luis , Rivero Antonio , Téllez Francisco , Ríos Maria José , Santos Marta , Serrano Miriam , Palacios Rosario , Merino Dolores , Real Luis Miguel , De Los Santos Ignacio , Vera-Méndez Francisco J , Galindo Maria José , Pineda Juan A ,   RIS-HEP13 and GEHEP 011 Study Groups, Geijo Paloma , Imaz Arkaitz , Galera Carlos , López-Ruz Miguel Ángel , Bañuls Sergio Javier Reus , Camacho Inés Pérez 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
In the setting of hepatitis C virus (HCV) active infection, liver stiffness (LS)–based strategies identify patients with low risk of developing esophageal variceal bleeding (VB) episodes, in whom unnecessary upper esophagogastroduodenoscopy (UGE) screening can be safely avoided. However, after sustained virological response (SVR), data on the accuracy of the criteria predicting this outcome in HCV-infected patients with cirrhosis, with or without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection, are very limited.

Methods
This was a multicenter prospective cohort study, where HCV-monoinfected patients and HIV/HCV-coinfected individuals were included if they had (1) SVR with direct-acting antiviral–based therapy; (2) LS ≥9.5 kPa previous to treatment; and (3) LS measurement at the SVR time-point ≥14 kPa. Diagnostic accuracy of HEPAVIR, expanded Baveno VI, and HIV cirrhosis criteria, at the time of SVR, was evaluated. Missed VB episodes, negative predictive values (NPVs), and number of spared UGEs were specifically assessed.

Results
Four hundred thirty-five patients were included, 284 (65%) coinfected with HIV. Seven (1.6%) patients developed a first episode of VB after SVR. In patients without a previous VB episode, HEPAVIR, expanded Baveno VI and HIV cirrhosis criteria achieved NPV for first VB episode after SVR of 99.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 97.1%–100%), 100% (95% CI 97.8%–100%), and 100% (95% CI 98%–100%) while sparing 45%, 39%, and 44% of UGEs, respectively. When considering HIV coinfection, the performance of the 3 criteria was similar, both in HCV-monoinfected and HIV/HCV-coinfected individuals.

Conclusions
After SVR, predictive LS-based strategies accurately identify HCV-infected patients, HIV coinfected or not, with low risk of developing VB during follow-up. In these specific patients, using HIV cirrhosis criteria maximize the number of spared UGEs while missing no VB episode.
Vancomycin Area Under the Curve–Guided Dosing and Monitoring for Adult and Pediatric Patients With Suspected or Documented Serious Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections: Putting the Safety of Our Patients First
Authors: Lodise Thomas P , Drusano George 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The revised vancomycin consensus guidelines recommended area under the curve (AUC)–guided dosing/monitoring for patients with serious invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections as a measure to minimize vancomycin-associated acute kidney injury (VA-AKI) while maintaining similar effectiveness. Data indicate that the intensity of vancomycin exposure drives VA-AKI risk. Troughs of 15–20 mg/L will ensure an AUC ≥400 mg × hr/L but most patients will have daily AUCs &gt;600. VA-AKI increases as a function of AUC, especially when &gt;600. In addition to minimizing VA-AKI risk while maintaining similar efficacy, AUC-guided dosing/monitoring is a more precise way to conduct therapeutic drug monitoring for vancomycin relative to trough-only control.
Deep Learning-based Sentiment Analysis of Facebook Data: The Case of Turkish Users
Authors: Çoban Önder , Özel Selma Ayşe , İnan Ali 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Sentiment analysis (SA) is an essential task for many domains where it is crucial to know users’ public opinion about events, products, brands, politicians and so on. Existing works on SA have concentrated on English texts including Twitter feeds and user reviews on hotels, movies and products. On the other hand, Facebook, as an online social network (OSN), has attracted quite limited attention from the research community. Among these, SA work on Turkish text obtained from OSNs are extremely scarce. In this paper, our aim is to perform SA on public Facebook data collected from Turkish user accounts. Our study differs from existing studies in terms of the data set scale, the natural language of the texts in the data set and the extent of experimental analyses that include both machine learning and deep learning techniques. We extensively report not only the results of different learning models involving SA but also statistical distribution of metadata of user activities across various user attributes (e.g. gender and age). Our experimental results indicate that recurrent neural networks achieve the best accuracy (i.e. 0.916) with word embeddings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the best result for SA on Facebook data in the context of the Turkish language.