bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Got to build that trust”: Aboriginal Health Workers’ perspectives and experiences of maternal oral health
Authors: Kong Ariana C , Sousa Mariana S , Ramjan Lucie , Dickson Michelle , Goulding Joanne , Gwynne Kylie , Talbot Folau , Jones Nathan , Srini Ravi , George Ajesh 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background:In Australia, models of care have been developed to train antenatal care providers to promote oral health among pregnant women. However, these models are underpinned by Western values of maternity care that do not consider the need to ensure cultural safety for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women. This study aimed to explore the perceptions and experiences of Aboriginal Health Workers and Family Partnership Workers towards oral health care during pregnancy. It is part of a larger program of research to develop a new, culturally appropriate model of oral health care for Aboriginal pregnant women and new mothers.Methods:A participatory action research methodology informed the study. Focus groups were convened to yarn with Aboriginal Health Workers, Family Partnership Workers and Aboriginal management staff at two antenatal health services in Sydney, Australia.Results:A total of 14 people participated in the focus groups. There were four themes that were constructed. These focussed on the importance of trust to build relationships with clients, and the need to receive training to better address the oral health needs of Aboriginal pregnant women and new mothers. Further, the staff work in a system fundamentally driven by the legacy of colonisation and its subsequent effects of integenerational trauma on Aboriginal people and communities. This has significantly contributed to the systemic barriers Aboriginal continue to face in accessing health services, including dental care. The participants recommended that a priority dental referral pathway, that supported continuity of care, could provide increased accessibility to dental care for Aboriginal pregnant women and new mothers.Conclusions:There is the need for an individual and systems approach to promote oral health among Aboriginal pregnant women and new mothers. This approach should cultivate trust between Aboriginal women and both care providers and healthcare systems. A new model of care is needed that provides oral health training to Aboriginal Health Workers and addresses the systemic factors that create barriers to accessing dental care for Aboriginal women.
Structure guided protein engineering increases enzymatic activities of the SGNH family esterases
Authors: Li Zhengyang , Li Long , Huo Yingyi , Chen Zijun , Zhao Yu , Huang Jing , Jian Shuling , Rong Zhen , Wu Di , Gan Jianhua , Hu Xiaojian , Li Jixi , Xu Xue-Wei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Esterases and lipases hydrolyze short-chain esters and long-chain triglycerides, respectively, and therefore play essential roles in the synthesis and decomposition of ester bonds in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Many SGNH family esterases share high similarity in sequences. However, they have distinct enzymatic activities toward the same substrates. Due to a lack of structural information, the detailed catalytic mechanisms of these esterases remain barely investigated. Results In this study, we identified two SGNH family esterases, CrmE10 and AlinE4, from marine bacteria with significantly different preferences for pH, temperature, metal ion, and organic solvent tolerance despite high sequence similarity. The crystal structures of these two esterases, including wild type and mutants, were determined to high resolutions ranging from 1.18 Å to 2.24 Å. Both CrmE10 and AlinE4 were composed of five β-strands and nine α-helices, which formed one compact N-terminal α/β globular domain and one extended C-terminal domain. The aspartic residues (D178 in CrmE10/ D162 in AlinE4) destabilized the conformations of the catalytic triad (Ser-Asp-His) in both esterases, and the metal ion Cd2+ might reduce enzymatic activity by blocking proton transfer or substrate binding. CrmE10 and AlinE4 showed distinctly different electrostatic surface potentials, despite the similar atomic architectures and a similar swap catalytic mechanism. When five negative charged residues (Asp or Glu) were mutated to residue Lys, CrmE10 obtained elevated alkaline-adaptability and significantly increased the enzymatic activity from 0% to 20% at pH 10.5. Also, CrmE10 mutants exhibited dramatic changes for enzymatic properties when compared with the wide-type enzyme. Conclusions These findings offer a perspective for understanding the catalytic mechanism of different esterases and might facilitate the industrial biocatalytic applications.
Downregulation of hsa_circ_0005243 induces trophoblast cell dysfunction and inflammation via the β-catenin and NF-κB pathways
Authors: Wang Huiyan , Zhou Wenbo , She Guangtong , Yu Bin , Sun Lizhou 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication in pregnancy that poses a serious threat to the health of both mother and child. While the specific etiology and pathogenesis of this disease are not fully understood, it is thought to arise due to a combination of insulin resistance, inflammation, and genetic factors. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a special kind of non-coding RNA that have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their diverse activities, including a potential regulatory role in pregnancy-related diseases, such as GDM. Methods: We previously reported the existence of a novel circRNA, hsa_circ_0005243, which was identified by RNA sequencing. In this study, we examined its expression in 20 pregnant women with GDM and 20 normal pregnant controls using quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis. Subsequent in vitro experiments were conducted following hsa_circ_0005243 knockdown in HTR-8/SVneo cells to examine the role of hsa_circ_0005243 in cell proliferation and migration, as well as the secretion of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Finally, we examined the expression of β-catenin and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathways to assess their role in GDM pathogenesis Results: Expression of hsa_circ_0005243 was significantly reduced in both the placenta and plasma of GDM patients. Knockdown of hsa_circ_0005243 in trophoblast cells significantly suppressed cell proliferation and migration ability. In addition, increased secretion of inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6) was observed after hsa_circ_0005243 depletion. Further analyses showed that knockdown of hsa_circ_0005243 reduced the expression of β-catenin and increased nuclear NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Conclusions: Downregulation of hsa_circ_0005243 may be associated with the pathogenesis of GDM via the regulation of β-catenin and NF-κB signal pathways, suggesting a new potential therapeutic target for GDM.
Troponin I as a mortality marker after lung resection surgery – a prospective cohort study.
Authors: Uchoa Ricardo , Caramelli Bruno 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular complications associated with thoracic surgery increase morbidity, mortality, and treatment costs. Elevated cardiac troponin level represents a predictor of complications after non-cardiac surgeries, but its role after thoracic surgeries remains undetermined. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between troponin I elevation and morbidity and mortality after one year in patients undergoing lung resection surgery. Methods : This prospective cohort study evaluated 151 consecutive patients subjected to elective lung resection procedures using conventional and video-assisted thoracoscopic techniques at a University Hospital in Brazil, from July 2012 to November 2015. Preoperative risk stratification was performed using the scores obtained by the American College of Physicians (ACP) and the Society of Cardiology of the state of São Paulo (EMAPO) scoring systems. Troponin I levels were measured in the immediate postoperative period (POi) and on the first and second postoperative days. Results : Most patients had a low risk for complications according to the ACP (96.7%) and EMAPO (82.8%) scores. Approximately 49% of the patients exhibited increased troponin I (≥0.16 ng/ml), at least once, and 22 (14.6%) died in one year. Multivariate analysis showed that the elevation of troponin I, on the first postoperative day, correlated with a 12-fold increase in mortality risk within one year (HR 12.02, 95% CI: 1.82-79.5; p=0.01). Conclusions : In patients undergoing lung resection surgery, with a low risk of complications according to the preoperative evaluation scores, an increase in troponin I levels above 0.16 ng/ml in the first postoperative period correlated with an increase in mortality within one year.
Assessment of two POC technologies for CD4 count in Morocco
Authors: Elharti Elmir , Abbadi Halima , Bensghir Rajae , Filali Kamal Marhoum El , Elmrabet Hajar , Oumzil Hicham 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background : In the era of “test and treat strategy”, CD4 testing remains an important tool for monitoring HIV-infected individuals. Since conventional methods of CD4 count measurement are costly and cumbersome, POC CD4 counting technique are more affordable and practical for countries with limited resources. Before introducing such methods in Morocco, we decided to assess their reliability. Methods : In this study 92 blood samples from HIV-infected patients, were tested by PIMA and FACSPresto to derive CD4 count. Flow cytometry using FacsCalibur, was used as reference method for CD4 count comparison. Linear regression, Bland-Altman analysis were performed to assess correlation and agreement between these POC methods and the reference method. In addition, sensitivity and specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and misclassification percentage at 350 and 200 CD4 count thresholds; were also determined. Finally, because FACSPresto can also measure hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, 52 samples were used to compare FACSPresto against an automated hematology analyzer. Results : The coefficient of determination R 2 was 0.93 for both methods. Bland-Altman analysis displayed a mean bias of -32.3 and -8.1 cells/µl for PIMA and FACSPresto, respectively. Moreover, with a threshold of 350 CD4 count, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, were 88.57%, 94.12%, 91.18%, 92.31%; respectively. FACSPresto showed 88.23%, 96.23%,93.75% and 92.73%; respectively. Furthermore, the upward misclassification percentage was 8.57 and 5.88%, for PIMA and FACSPresto, respectively; whereas the downward misclassification percentage was 7.84% and 7.54%; respectively. With 200 cells/µl threshold, PIMA had a sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 83.33%, 98.53%, 93.75% and 95.71%, respectively. Regarding FACSPresto, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV was 82.35%, 98.57%, 88.57% and 95.83%; respectively. Upward misclassification percentage was 5.56% and 5.88%, for PIMA and FACSPresto, respectively; whereas downward misclassification percentage was 4.41% and 4.29%; respectively. Finally, the hemoglobin measurement evaluation displayed an R 2 of 0.80 and a mean bias of-0.12 with a LOA between -1.75 and 1.51. Conclusion : When compared to the reference method, PIMA and FACSPresto have shown good performance, for CD4 counting. The introduction of such POC technology will speed up the uptake of patients in the continuum of HIV care, in our country.
Long-term sickness absence among young and middle-aged workers in Norway: The impact of a population-level intervention
Authors: Hanvold Therese Nordberg , Kristensen Petter , Corbett Karina , Hasting Rachel Louise , Mehlum Ingrid Sivesind 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The study objective was to evaluate the impact of a population-level intervention (the IA Agreement) on the reduction of one-year risk for long-term sickness absence spells (LSAS) among young and middle aged workers in Norway. Methods Using an observational design, we conducted a quasi-experimental study to analyse registry data on individual LSAS for all employed individuals in 2000 (n=298 690) and 2005 (n=352 618), born in Norway between 1976 and 1967. The intervention of interest was the tripartite agreement for a more inclusive working life (the IA Agreement). We estimated difference in pre-post differences (DID) in LSAS between individuals working in IA companies with the intervention and companies without, in 2000 and 2005. We used logistic regression models and present odds ratios (DID OR) with accompanying 95% CI. We stratified analyses by sex, industry and company size. Results. We found no significant change in the overall risk of long-term sickness absence spells after implementing the intervention among young and middle aged workers. Stratified by sex, the intervention resulted in a slight decrease in LSAS risk among female workers (DID OR 0.93 (0.91-0.96)) while the intervention showed no impact among male workers (DID OR 1.01 (0.97-1.06)). We found that companies signing the IA Agreement were large (≥50­ employees) and often within the manufacturing and health and social sectors. In large manufacturing companies, we found a reduction in LSAS, among workers both in companies with and without the intervention, resulting in no statistically significant impact of the IA intervention. In large health and social companies, we found an increase in LSAS among workers both in companies with and without the intervention. The increase was smaller among the workers in companies offering the IA intervention compared with workers in companies without, resulting in a positive impact of the IA intervention in the health and social industry. This impact was statistically significant only among female workers. Conclusions The results indicate that the impact of the IA Agreement on the risk of long-term sickness absence spells varies considerably depending on sex and industry. These findings suggest that reducing LSAS may warrant industry-specific interventions.
Yeasts from rumen of adult Zebu cows and fermentations of lignocellulosic materials
Authors: Duarte Eduardo Robson , Lima Sabrina Miranda , Nere Jualiane Costa , Maia Higor Alexandre Rodrigues , Freitas Claudio Eduardo Silva , Júlio Aline Daniela Lopes , Abrão Flavia Oliveria , Santos Vera Lúcia dos , Silva Júnio Cota 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to a need to make corrections.
Sentinel lymph node mapping using ICG fluorescence and cone beam CT – a rabbit oral cancer model feasibility study
Authors: Muhanna Nidal , Chan Harley HL , Douglas Catriona M , Daly Mike , Jaidka Atul , Eu Donavan , Bernstein Jonathan , Townson Jason L , Irish Jonathan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Current sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) techniques, including use of radioisotopes, have disadvantages including the use of a radioactive tracer. Indocyanine green (ICG) based near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging and cone beam CT (CBCT) have advantages for intraoperative use. However, limited literature exists regarding their use in head and neck cancer SLNB. Methods: This was a prospective, non-randomized study using a rabbit oral cavity VX2 squamous cell carcinoma model (n = 10) which develops lymph node metastasis. Pre-operatively, images were acquired by MicroCT. During surgery, CBCT and NIR fluorescence imaging of ICG was used to map and guide the SLNB resection. Results: Intraoperative use of ICG to guide fluorescence resection resulted in identification of all lymph nodes identified by pre-operative CT. CBCT was useful for near real time intraoperative imaging and 3D reconstruction. Conclusions: This pre-clinical study further demonstrates the technical feasibility, limitations and advantages of intraoperative NIR-guided ICG imaging for SLN identification as a complementary method during head and neck surgery.
Correlation study on gut microbiota and omentin-1 gene polymorphism in Uyghur newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes
Authors: Nuli Rebiya , Shan Jiaoyu , Zhang Bing , Li Rui , Guan Yaqun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a top risk factor for health in China. Gut microbiota, genetic factors and lipids metabolism play important role in development of T2DM. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the gut microbiota and omentin-1 gene polymorphism to explore the interaction between host gene and gut microbiota in Uyghur T2DM. Methods: A total of 98 newly diagnosed Uyghur T2DM patients and 99 healthy normal controls (NC) enrolled into this study according to inclusion criteria. The total DNAs was extracted from the fecal microbiota. Abundance of the Lactobacillus genus, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and Clostridium in the gut microbiota was determined with 16S rDNA gene Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR amplification. PCR-PFLP was applied to determine the genotypes of Val109Asp variant (rs2274907) in the Omentin-1 gene. And the relationship between rs2274907 and gut microbiota was assessed. Results: There were no significant differences of the Val109Asp variant (rs2274907) between T2DM and NC group. The abundance of Lactobacillus genus and Clostridium genus was lower in newly diagnosed T2DM group than in the NC group (P<0.05). Serum insulin, LDL-C, the abundances of Lactobacillus genus and Clostridium genus were the risk factors of T2DM. (OR=1.094 95%CI 1.014-1.180), (OR=3.868 95%CI 1.250-11.971), (OR=0.288 95%CI 0.145-0.571), (OR=0.044 95%CI 0.012-0.154). Conclusions: The abundance of Lactobacillus and Clostridium genus may be related to the pathogenesis of new-onset T2DM in Uyghur population, the mechanism of which needs to be further studied. The interactive relationship between the gut microbiota and omentin-1 gene polymorphism in newly diagnosed T2DM was not observed in this study.
Association Of Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 Levels With Arteriosclerosis Parameters Assessed By Arterial Stiffness And Atherogenic Index Of Plasma In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Liu Wangshu , Tang Mengjie , Xu Tianli , Su Jianbin , wang xue-qin , Xu Feng , Zhang Dongmei , Zhu Qing , Cao Jie , Wang Hong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The role of serum fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) in arteriosclerosis is not well known. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether serum FGF19 levels were related to arteriosclerosis parameters, including arterial stiffness and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Methods A total of 200 patients with type 2 diabetes and 50 healthy controls were recruited for this study from Apr 2017 to Oct 2018. Serum FGF19 levels, arterial stiffness assessed by brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and AIP assessed by the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-c) ratio were measured in those subjects. In addition, other relevant clinical data were also collected. Results Serum FGF19 levels in T2D patients were significantly lower than those in healthy controls (p < 0.05). The arteriosclerosis parameters, including baPWV and AIP, significantly decreased across ascending tertiles of serum FGF19 levels (all p for trend < 0.001). Moreover, the baPWV and AIP were all inversely correlated with serum FGF19 levels (r = –0.351 and –0.303, respectively, p < 0.001). Furthermore, after adjusting for other clinical covariates by multiple linear regression analyses, the serum FGF19 levels were independently associated with baPWV (β = –0.20, t = –2.23, p = 0.029) and AIP (β = –0.28, t = –2.66, p = 0.010).Conclusions The serum FGF19 levels were independently and inversely associated with baPWV and AIP, which indicate that serum FGF19 may have a protective role in atherosclerosis in patients with T2D.
Factors facilitating trained NIMART nurses’ adherence to treatment guidelines: A vital matter in the management of TB/HIV treatment in South Africa
Authors: MAKHADO LUFUNO , Davhana-Maselesele Mashudu , Lebese Rachel Tsakani , Maputle Sonto Maria 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Globally the burden of tuberculosis or human immunodeficiency virus (TB/HIV) is at 24% with 3% global health workforce and this an alarming rate that World Health Organization (WHO) declared African region as a critical workforce shortage area. To facilitate adherence to treatment guidelines, WHO recommended a strategy of task shifting for these countries with high health workforce shortages. The strategy aimed at the redistribution of health care tasks to available workers. The purpose of the study was to determine factors facilitating trained nurse-initiated management of antiretroviral therapy (NIMART) nurses’ adherence to TB/HIV treatment guidelines in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) and North West (NW) Provinces of South Africa.Design: The study was qualitative, explorative and descriptive in nature. The population comprised of 24 participants who were purposively selected. The in-depth focus group discussion was conducted. Data analysis was through the used of ATLAS T.I. software program (version 7.0) and followed the basic steps of notice-collect-think (NCT) analysis. Trustworthiness and ethical consideration were ensured.Results: The following one theme namely; marked identified needs to be met to promote adherence to treatment guidelines and sub-themes emerged from raw data: Expected positive attitudinal needs outlined and an outline of a positive behavioural change. Conclusion: Factors such as continuous training, support supervision and improved relationships with colleagues need to be enhanced to enable NIMART nurses to adhere to treatment guideline.