bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Upper-Body Intermittent Sequential Pneumatic Compression Arm Sleeves on Recovery From Exercise in Wheelchair Athletes
Authors: Oliver Alison , Driller Matthew 
Published: July 2020

Objective
The aim of the current study was to investigate the efficacy of an upper-body intermittent sequential pneumatic compression device on recovery after wheelchair team sport activity.

Design
Eleven well-trained wheelchair basketball and rugby athletes (male, 8; female, 3; mean ± SD age = 33 ± 10 yrs) performed a series of performance measures pre-exercise, postexercise, and postrecovery (grip strength, pressure-to-pain threshold, medicine ball throw, wheelchair sprints, repeated sprints). Subjective muscle soreness and fatigue measurements were taken at the same time points as performance tests, with an additional 24-hr postrecovery measure. Participants completed two recovery trials, separated by 1 wk, of either passive recovery (control) or 20 mins of wearing recovery arm sleeves (intermittent sequential pneumatic compression) applied to both arms.

Results
No statistically significant differences were found between trials for any of the performance or perceptual measures (P > 0.05). However, effect size analysis revealed a moderate decrease (d = −0.67) from postexercise to postrecovery for muscle fatigue in favor of intermittent sequential pneumatic compression. A large decrease (d = −0.96) in muscle soreness was also found after exercise to 24 hrs after recovery in favor of intermittent sequential pneumatic compression over control.

Conclusions
Intermittent sequential pneumatic compression may provide some benefit for perceptual recovery measures immediately after and 24 hrs after a high-intensity wheelchair activity with negligible effects on performance recovery.
Electrodiagnostic Testing of Small Fiber Neuropathies: A Review of Existing Guidelines
Authors: Casanova-Molla Jordi , Valls-Solé Josep 
Published: July 2020

Summary:
This article reviews the literature on neurophysiological techniques for the diagnosis of small fiber neuropathy. The review is focused on clinical approach to suspected small fiber neuropathy, letting aside techniques whose clinical applicability is doubtful. We include, however, the special techniques required to examine C and Aδ fibers, which cannot be evaluated directly with conventional neurophysiological methods. The most relevant publications are summarized and recommendations for the clinical assessment of small fiber neuropathy are provided.
Alcanivorax sediminis sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea sediment of the Pacific Ocean
Authors: Liao Xianzhi , Lai Qiliang , Yang Junpeng , Dong Chunming , Li Dengfeng , Shao Zongze 
Published: July 2020

A taxonomic study was carried out on strain PA15-N-34T, which was isolated from deep-sea sediment of Pacific Ocean. The bacterium was Gram-stain-positive, oxidase- and catalase-positive and rod-shaped. Growth was observed at salinity of 0–15.0% NaCl and at temperatures of 10–45 °C. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain PA15-N-34T belonged to the genus

Alcanivorax

, with the highest sequence similarity to

Alcanivorax profundi

MTEO17T (97.7 %), followed by

Alcanivorax nanhaiticus

19 m-6T (97.3 %) and 12 other species of the genus

Alcanivorax

(93.4 %–97.0 %). The average nucleotide identity and DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain PA15-N-34T and type strains of the genus

Alcanivorax

were 71.46–81.78% and 18.7–25.2 %, respectively. The principal fatty acids (>10 %) were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18 : 1
ω6c; 31.2 %), C16 : 0 (25.0 %) and summed feature 3 (14.6 %). The DNA G+C content was 57.15 mol%. The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, four unidentified aminolipids and three unidentified lipids. The novel strain can be differentiated from its closest type strain by a negative test for urease and the presence of diphosphatidylglycerol and aminolipid. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data show that strain PA15-N-34T represents a novel species within the genus

Alcanivorax

, for which the name Alcanivorax sediminis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain PA15-N-34T (=MCCC 1A14738T=KCTC 72163T).
Frigidibacter oleivorans sp. nov., isolated from a deep well with oil reservoir water
Authors: Zhang Ya-Xi , Li Fang-Ling , Ma Su-Chen , Zheng Guo-Di , Chen Wen-Feng , Li Wen-Jun , Wang Lei 
Published: July 2020

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, designated XJ4T, was isolated from oil-contaminated water, collected from Xinjiang Province, north-west PR China (45° 1′ 27″ N, 85° 6′ 14″ E). Growth occurred at 20–45 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and pH 6.0–10.0 (optimum, pH 6.0–7.0). Strain XJ4T could tolerate up to 7 % (w/v) NaCl and grow optimally in the absence of NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on comparative sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain XJ4T belonged to the genus

Frigidibacter

, and that was closely related to

Frigidibacter mobilis

cai42T (97.2 %),

Frigidibacter albus

SP32T (97.0 %) and

Rhodobacter aestuarii

JA296T (97.0 %). The average nucleotide identity values between XJ4T and three type strains were 77.9, 77.6 and 71.9 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain XJ4T was 69.5 mol%. The sole respiratory quinone was Q-10. The major cellular fatty acid was summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18 : 1
ω6c), C18 : 0 and 11-methyl C18 : 1
ω7c. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, unidentified phospholipids, an unidentified aminolipid and unidentified lipids. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, strain XJ4T represents a novel species of the genus

Frigidibacter

, for which the name Frigidibacter oleivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XJ4T (=CGMCC 1.13778T=LMG 30952T).
Loop Extrusion Mediates Physiological Locus Contraction for V(D)J Recombination
Authors: Dai Hai-Qiang , Hu Hongli , Lou Jiangman , Ye Adam Yongxin , Chapdelaine-Williams Aimee M. , Kyritsis Nia , Zhang Yiwen , Manfredonia Nicole , Judson Rachael , Chen Huan , Johnson Kerstin , Lin Sherry , Ba Zhaoqing , Conte Andrea , Casellas Rafael , Lee Cheng-Sheng , Alt Frederick W. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractImmunoglobulin heavy chain locus (Igh) VH, D, and JHgene segments are developmentally assembled into V(D)J exons. RAG endonuclease initiates V(D)J recombination by binding a JH-recombination signal sequence (RSS) within a chromatin-based recombination center (RC) and then, in an orientation-dependent process, scans upstream D-containing chromatin presented by cohesin-mediated loop extrusion for convergent D-RSSs to initiate DJH-RC formation1,2. In primary pro-B cells, 100s of upstream VH-associated RSSs, embedded in convergent orientation to the DJH-RC-RSS, gain proximity to the DJH-RC for VH-to-DJHjoining via a mechanistically-undefined VH-locus contraction process3-7. Here, we report that a 2.4 mega-base VHlocus inversion in primary pro-B cells nearly abrogates rearrangements of normally convergent VH-RSSs and cryptic RSSs, even though locus contractionper seis maintained. Moreover, this inversion activated rearrangement of both cryptic VH-locus RSSs normally in the opposite orientation and, unexpectedly, of normally-oriented cryptic RSSs within multiple, sequential upstream convergent-CBE domains. Primary pro-B cells had significantly reduced transcription ofWapl8, a cohesin-unloading factor, versus levels inv-Ablpro-B lines that lack marked locus contraction or distal VHrearrangements2,9-11. Correspondingly, Wapl depletion inv-Abllines activated VH-locus contraction and orientation-specific RAG-scanning across the VH-locus. Our findings indicate that locus contraction and physiological VH-to-DJHjoining both are regulated via circumvention of CBE scanning impediments.
Luteolin transforms the BMDM polarity to regulate the expression of inflammatory factors
Authors: Wang Shuxia , Xu Shuhang , Cao Meng , Zhou Jing , Mao Xiaodong , Yao Xiaoming , Liu Chao 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTMacrophage are indispensable regulator cells in inflammatory response. Macrophage polarization and its secreted inflammatory factors have affinity with the outcomes of inflammation. Luteolin, a flavonoid abundant in plants has anti-inflammatory activity, but whether luteolin can manipulate M1/M2 polarization of BMDM to suppress inflammation is still veiled. The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of luterolin on the polarity of BMDM derived from C57BL/6 mice and the expression of inflammatory factors, to explore the mechanism of luteolin regulating the BMDM polarity. M1-polarized BMDM were induced by LPS+IFN-γ, M2-polarization were stimulated with IL-4. BMDM morphology was observed by laser confocal microscopy; levels of BMDM differentiation and CD11c or CD206 on membrane surface were assessed by FCM; mRNA and protein of M1/M2-type inflammatory factors were performed by qPCR and ELISA, respectively; the expression of p-STAT1 and p-STAT6 protein pathways was detected by Western-blotting. The isolated mouse bone marrow cells were successfully differentiated into BMDM, LPS+IFN-γ induced BMDM M1-phenotype polarization, and IL-4 induced its M2-phenotype polarization. After M1-polarized BMDM treated with luteolin, M1-type pro-inflammatory factors including IL-6, TNF-α□iNOS, CD86 were down-regulated while M2-type anti-inflammatory factors including IL-10, Arg1, CD206 were up-regulated; the expression of M1-type surface marker CD11c decreased, nevertheless, M2-type marker CD206 increased; levels of inflammatory signaling protein p-STAT1 and p-STAT6 were attenuated and enhanced respectively. Our study suggests luteolin may transform BMDM polarity through p-STAT1/6 to regulate the expression of inflammatory mediators, thereby inhibiting inflammation. Naturally occurring luteolin hold promise as an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent.
Molecular underpinnings and biogeochemical consequences of enhanced diatom growth in a warming Southern Ocean
Authors: Jabre Loay , Allen Andrew E. , McCain J. Scott P. , McCrow John P. , Tenenbaum Nancy , Spackeen Jenna L. , Sipler Rachel E. , Green Beverley R. , Bronk Deborah A. , Hutchins David A. , Bertrand Erin M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Southern Ocean (SO) harbours some of the most intense phytoplankton blooms on Earth. Changes in temperature and iron availability are expected to alter the intensity of SO phytoplankton blooms, but little is known about how environmental change will influence community composition and downstream biogeochemical processes. We performed experimental manipulations on surface ocean microbial communities from McMurdo Sound in the Ross Sea, with and without iron addition, at −0.5 °C, 3 °C, and 6 °C. We then examined nutrient uptake patterns as well as the growth and molecular responses of two dominant diatoms,FragilariopsisandPseudo-nitzschia, to these conditions. We found that nitrate uptake and primary productivity were elevated at increased temperature in the absence of iron addition, and were even greater at high temperature with added iron.Pseudo-nitzschiabecame more abundant under increased temperature without added iron, whileFragilariopsisrequired additional iron to benefit from warming. We attribute the apparent advantagePseudo-nitzschiashows under warming to upregulation of iron-conserving photosynthetic processes, utilization of iron-economic nitrogen assimilation mechanisms, and increased iron uptake and storage. These data identify important molecular and physiological differences between dominant diatom groups and add to the growing body of evidence forPseudo-nitzschia’s increasingly important role in warming SO ecosystems. This study also suggests that temperature-driven shifts in SO phytoplankton assemblages may increase utilization of the vast pool of excess nutrients in iron-limited SO surface waters, and thereby influence global nutrient distributions and carbon cycle.Significance StatementPhytoplankton assemblages contribute to the Southern Ocean’s ability to absorb atmospheric CO2, form the base of marine food webs, and shape the global distribution of macronutrients. Anthropogenic climate change is altering the SO environment, yet we do not fully understand how resident phytoplankton will react to this change. By comparing the responses of two prominent SO diatom groups to changes in temperature and iron in a natural community, we find that one group,Pseudo-nitzschia, grows better under warmer low-iron conditions by managing cellular iron demand and efficiently increasing photosynthetic capacity. This ability to grow and draw down nutrients in the face of warming, regardless of iron availability, may have major implications for ocean ecosystems and global nutrient and carbon cycles.
Pericytes Directly Communicate with Emerging Endothelial Cells During Vasculogenesis
Authors: Payne Laura Beth , Tewari Bhanu , Dunkenberger Logan , Bond Samantha , Savelli Alyssa , Darden Jordan , Zhao Huaning , Powell Michael , Oestreich Kenneth , Sontheimer Harald , Dal-Pra Sophie , Chappell John C. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryPericytes (PCs), cells that extend along capillaries to contribute stability and other critical functions to established vasculature, are attracting attention from various fields involving vascular-related pathologies. Here, we demonstrate primary evidence of PC communication with endothelial cells (ECs) prior to tube coalescence. Observations of apparent PCs during early embryogenesis urged development of a mouse embryonic stem cell line (DR-ESCs), enabling unique dual-reporter investigations into earliest PC-EC interactions. Live imaging of differentiating DR-ESCs corroborated emergence of a PC lineage, which preceded EC differentiation, and further revealed highly dynamic PC-EC interactions during coordinated vessel formation. We show direct PC-EC communication via cell microinjection and dye-transfer, and RNA-seq analysis indicates a PC-EC coupling mechanism via gap junction Connexin43 (Cx43), exclusively up-regulated throughout DR-ESC differentiation. High resolution imaging of embryonic and postnatal mouse vasculature substantiates Cx43 plaques at PC-EC borders. These findings indicate a new role for PCs during vasculogenesis via Cx43-mediated communication with ECs.
Leaf trichome distribution pattern inArabidopsisreveals gene expression variation associated with environmental adaptation
Authors: Okamoto Shotaro , Negishi Kohei , Toyama Yuko , Ushijima Takeo , Morohashi Kengo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGene expression varies stochastically even in both heterogenous and homogeneous cell populations. This variation is not simply useless noise; rather, it is important for many biological processes. Unicellular organisms or cultured cell lines are useful for analyzing the variation in gene expression between cells; however, owing to technical challenges, the biological relevance of this variation in multicellular organisms such as higher plants remains unclear. Here, we addressed the biological relevance of this variation between cells by examining the genetic basis of trichome distribution patterns inArabidopsis thaliana. The distribution pattern of a trichome on a leaf is stochastic and can be mathematically represented using Turing’s reaction-diffusion (RD) model. We analyzed simulations based on the RD model and found that the variability in the trichome distribution pattern increased with the increase in stochastic variation in a particular gene expression. Moreover, differences in heat-dependent variability of the trichome distribution pattern between the accessions showed a strong correlation with environmental factors to which each accession was adapted. Taken together, we successfully visualized variations in gene expression by quantifying the variability in theArabidopsistrichome distribution pattern. Thus, our data provide evidence for the biological importance of variations in gene expression for environmental adaptation.
Line-FRAP, a versatile method based on fluorescence recovery after photobleaching to measure diffusion ratesin vitroandin vivo
Authors: Dey Debabrata , Marciano Shir , Schreiber Gideon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA cell is a densely packed conglomerate of macromolecules, where diffusion is essential for their function. The crowded conditions may affect diffusion both through hard (occluded space) and soft (weak, non-specific) interactions. Multiple-methods have been developed to measure diffusion rates at physiological protein concentrations within cells, however, each of them has its limitations. Here, we introduce Line-FRAP, a method based on measuring recovery of photobleaching under a confocal microscope that allows diffusion rate measurements for fast diffusing molecules to be measured in versatile environments using standard equipment. Implementation of Line mode to the classical FRAP technique greatly improves the time resolution in data acquisition, from 20-50 Hz in the classical mode to 800 Hz in the line mode. We also introduce an updated method for data analysis to obtain diffusion coefficients in various environments, with the number of pixels bleached at the first frame after bleaching being a critical parameter. We evaluated the method using different proteins either chemically labelled or by fusion to YFP. The calculated diffusion rates were comparable to literature data as measuredin vitro, in HeLa cells and inE.coli.Diffusion coefficients in HeLa was ~2.5-fold slower and inE. coli15-fold slower than measured in buffer. Moreover, we show that increasing the osmotic pressure onE.colifurther decreases diffusion, till a point where proteins stop to move. The method presented here is easy to apply on a standard confocal microscope, fits a large range of molecules with different sizes and provides robust results in any conceivable environment and protein concentration for fast diffusing molecules.
Trk Agonist Drugs Rescue Noise-Induced Hidden Hearing Loss
Authors: Fernandez Katharine A. , Watabe Takahisa , Tong Mingjie , Meng Xiankai , Tani Kohsuke , Kujawa Sharon G. , Edge Albert S. B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTrkB agonist drugs are shown here to have a significant effect on the regeneration of afferent cochlear synapses after noise-induced synaptopathy. The effects were consistent with regeneration of cochlear synapses that we observedin vitroafter synaptic loss due to kainic acid-induced glutamate toxicity and were elicited by administration of TrkB agonists, amitriptyline and 7,8-dihydroxyflavone, directly into the cochlea via the posterior semicircular canal 48 h after exposure to noise. Synaptic counts at the inner hair cell and wave 1 amplitudes in the ABR were partially restored 2 weeks after drug treatment. Effects of amitriptyline on wave 1 amplitude and afferent auditory synapse numbers in noise-exposed ears after systemic (as opposed to local) delivery were profound and long-lasting; synapses in the treated animals remained intact one year after the treatment. However, the effect of systemically delivered amitriptyline on synaptic rescue was dependent on dose and the time window of administration: it was only effective when given before noise exposure at the highest injected dose. The long-lasting effect and the efficacy of post-exposure treatment indicate a potential broad application for the treatment of synaptopathy, which often goes undetected until well after the original damaging exposure(s).
GREATER EMPATHIC ABILITIES AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH RESTING STATE BRAIN CONNECTIVITY IN PSYCHOTHERAPISTS COMPARED TO NON-PSYCHOTHERAPISTS
Authors: Olalde-Mathieu Victor E. , Sassi Federica , Reyes-Aguilar Azalea , Mercadillo Roberto E. , Alcauter Sarael , Barrios Fernando A. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTPsychotherapists constantly regulate their own perspective and emotions to better understand the “other’s” state. We compared 52 psychotherapists with 92 non-psychotherapists to characterized psychometric constructs like, Fantasy (FS) and Perspective Taking (PT), and the emotion regulation strategy of Expressive Suppression (ES), which hampers the empathic response. Psychotherapists showed greater FS, PT and lower ES scores. In a subsample (36, 18 ea.), we did a functional connectivity (FC) study. Psychotherapists showed greater FC between the left anterior insula and the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex; and less connectivity between rostral anterior cingulate cortex and the orbito prefrontal cortex. Both associations correlated with the PT scores and suggest a cognitive regulatory effect related to the empathic response. Considering, that the psychometric differences between groups were in the cognitive domain and that the FC associations are related to cognitive processes, these results suggest that psychotherapists have a greater cognitive regulation over their empathic response.
All-in-one comprehensive extraction of metabolites, proteins and ribonucleic acids for the rapid analysis of oil palm systems biology
Authors: Shahwan Syahanim , Othman Abrizah , Nurazah Zain , Rozali Nurul Liyana , Ramli Umi Salamah 
Published: July 2020

AbstractOil palm (Elaeis guineensisJacq.) systems biology offers a comprehensive view of the plant system by employing a holistic multi-omics approach encompassing the molecular data at various hierarchical levels. Sample limitation and the importance of integrating all molecular data with minimal variation, led to the development of sequential extraction of biomolecule fractions from a single undivided biological sample. This article describes a workflow for the comprehensive isolation of metabolites, proteins and ribonucleic acids from oil palm root. Samples were subjected to solvent extraction with methanol-chloroform-water to recover metabolites of diverse polarity. The resultant pellet was subjected to buffer and solvent partitioning to obtain RNA and proteins. RNA extracted from the oil palm root showed a recovery of 180.25 ng mg-1, with a A260:A280 ratio ranging between1.9-2.0 and a RIN value of 6.7. Co-extracted proteins resulted in a recovery of 29.28 μg mg-1and revealed a total of 1852 identified proteins. Polar metabolites revealed approximately 40 metabolite peaks, and non-polar metabolites with two major fatty acid groups i.e. saturated and unsaturated fatty acids at 55.4% and 38.6%, respectively. This protocol demonstrated an advancement of extraction protocols for oil palm root biomolecules, which will consecutively expedite the establishment of various multi-omics platforms.HighlightMetabolites, proteins and RNA are co-extracted from oil palm root using the all-in-one extraction protocol which provides biomolecule extracts for various omics platforms.