bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promotion of Worker’s Health in Qualitative Research Approaches: A Scoping Review
Authors: Costa Gerferson André Silva , Oliveira Fabiana Goulart de , Modena Celina Maria 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
BackgroundIt is known that the investment in promoting health, both at the individual level and at the organizational level can bring benefits to all individuals included in this process. This Scoping Review compares the main results addressed in Brazilian qualitative researches and in other countries that addressed the topic of workers’ health promotion.Methods Thirty-three articles were selected for analysis from the SciELO, BVS - BDENF/Index, PubMed, and LILACS databases. Scientific articles that used a qualitative or quantitative-qualitative approach in Portuguese, English or Spanish, during the period from 2009 to the present moment of our Review (October 2019) were included. This Scoping Review was guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework.Results The literature review allowed the discussion on the following related topics: worker’s social participation in health decisions, perceptions/meanings about health promotion, working conditions and worker’s suffering, working conditions and the risk of illness, worker’s awareness, and changes in lifestyles, employers’ stereotypes about their workers and health promotion, the use of technology in health promotion interventions, the importance of communication in promoting workers’ health and social support at work for carrying out health promotion actions.ConclusionThis study showed differences in the research analyzed and provided the mapping of the main results that may support future research and changes in worker’s health policies in general. While in Brazil, studies are still focused on workers’ perceptions about health promotion and the assessment of working conditions risks to their health, in other countries, most qualitative research has been used to assess workers’ perceptions after a given workplace health promotion intervention.
Time restricted feeding for the prevention and therapy of lifestyle-dependent diseases: Results of a pilot study in a pre-post design
Authors: Kesztyüs Dorothea , Schönsteiner Dorothée , Gulich Markus , Kesztyüs Tibor 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background The on-going epidemic of non-communicable diseases in industrialised countries threatens to overtax the health and social systems of these nations. New approaches beyond the usual therapeutic and preventive measures which have been applied so far must be tested. A paradigm shift with regard to nutrition and associated illness is overdue. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) offers a low threshold and easy to implement lifestyle change which may have what it takes for broad, population-wide applicability and a widely diversified range of possible effects. In this pilot study we will examine the feasibility and adherence of TRF in healthy adult employees. Methods Pre-post-design study with healthy volunteers from the staff of Ulm University and Ulm University Hospital. Participants were asked to reduce their daily eating time to 8-9 hours for three months. Surrounding the eating time they were allowed drinks other than water for 12 hours and water for the rest of the day. Anthropometric measurements were taken by trained staff and blood samples were taken at baseline and follow-up. Questionnaires were handed out pre and post and during the course of the study timing of the first and the last meal, as well as sleep duration and quality, were assessed in diaries. Results Sixty three participants (aged 47.8±10.5) were recruited and started the intervention immediately after the baseline assessment. Two persons dropped out while all others finished the study. Ratings of compatibility of TRF with professional activities were good in 78% of participants while 18% reported to have encountered some difficulties. On average, the fasting target was reached on 72.2±18.9% of recorded days. After three months of TRF, participants showed moderate reductions in weight (-1.3±2.3kg, p=<0.001) and waist circumference (-1.7±3.22cm, p=<0.001). Health-related quality of life increased significantly by 5.8±12.4 (p=0.008) points between baseline and follow-up. Conclusions TRF is feasible and well accepted, even in regularly employed persons, and improves HRQoL. TRF may help to reduce obesity and abdominal obesity in adult working people and so help to prevent non-communicable diseases, but volunteers need more guidance to increase effects.
Excitotoxicity as a Target Against Neurodegenerative Processes
Authors: Binvignat Octavio , Olloquequi Jordi 
Published: January 2020

:The global burden of neurodegenerative diseases is alarmingly increasing in parallel to the aging of population. Although the molecular mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration are not completely understood, excitotoxicity, defined as the injury and death of neurons due to excessive or prolonged exposure to excitatory amino acids, has been shown to play a pivotal role. The increased release and/or decreased uptake of glutamate results in dysregulation of neuronal calcium homeostasis, leading to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunctions, disturbances in protein turn-over and neuroinflammation.:Despite the anti-excitotoxic drug memantine has shown modest beneficial effects in some patients with dementia, to date, there is no effective treatment capable of halting or curing neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson disease, Huntington’s disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This has led to a growing body of research focusing on understanding the mechanisms associated with the excitotoxic insult and on uncovering potential therapeutic strategies targeting these mechanisms.:In the present review, we examine the molecular mechanisms related to excitotoxic cell death. Moreover, we provide a comprehensive and updated state of the art of preclinical and clinical investigations targeting excitotoxic- related mechanisms in order to provide an effective treatment against neurodegeneration.
Bioactivity of the Geranium Genus: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Graça Vânia C. , Ferreira Isabel C.F.R. , Santos Paulo F. 
Published: January 2020

Background:Plants from the Geranium genus, which comprises about 400 species, have been used since ancient times in the practice of traditional medicines throughout the world. Therefore, herbal preparations based on Geranium species have found wide usage for the treatment of a variety of ailments. The aim of this work is to present a review, as comprehensive as possible, of the studies concerning different biological activities of Geranium species.Methods:Relevant data were obtained through systematic computer searches from major reputed scientific databases, particularly Web of Science and Scopus. Occasionally, information issued in primary sources not covered by these databases was also included provided published as peer-reviewed literature. This review covers the literature disclosed till the end of 2018.Results:ccompanying the increasing interest in herbal medicines in general, the evaluation of the biological properties of medicinal plants from the Geranium genus has been addressed thoroughly, mostly over the last two decades. Geranium species are endowed with a number of different biological activities. Herein, we present a survey of the results of the studies concerning these different biological activities.Conclusion:Most studies found in the literature effectively contribute to scientifically validate the beneficial properties of Geranium plants claimed by traditional medicines and medical herbalism and demonstrate that many of them possess evident therapeutic properties.
Nightmares and the Cannabinoids
Authors: Mamelak Mortimer 
Published: January 2020

:The cannabinoids, Δ9 tetrahydrocannabinol and its analogue, nabilone, have been found to reliably attenuate the intensity and frequency of post-traumatic nightmares. This essay examines how a traumatic event is captured in the mind, after just a single exposure, and repeatedly replicated during the nights that follow. The adaptive neurophysiological, endocrine and inflammatory changes that are triggered by the trauma and that alter personality and behavior are surveyed. These adaptive changes, once established, can be difficult to reverse. But cannabinoids, uniquely, have been shown to interfere with all of these post-traumatic somatic adaptations. While cannabinoids can suppress nightmares and other symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, they are not a cure. There may be no cure. The cannabinoids may best be employed, alone, but more likely in conjunction with other agents, in the immediate aftermath of a trauma to mitigate or even abort the metabolic changes which are set in motion by the trauma and which may permanently alter the reactivity of the nervous system. Steps in this direction have already been taken.
Chitinases: Therapeutic Scaffolds for Allergy and Inflammation
Authors: Madan Kirtika , Madan Mansi , Sharma Swapnil , Paliwal Sarvesh 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Chitinases are the evolutionary conserved glycosidic enzymes that are characterized
by their ability to cleave the naturally abundant polysaccharide chitin. The potential role of
chitinases has been identified in the manifestation of various allergies and inflammatory diseases. In
recent years, chitinases inhibitors are emerging as an alluring area of interest for the researchers and
scientists and there is a dire need for the development of potential and safe chitinase antagonists for the
prophylaxis and treatment of several diseases.

Objective:
The present review expedites the role of chitinases and their inhibitors in inflammation and
related disorders.

Methods:
At first, an exhaustive survey of literature and various patents available related to chitinases
were carried out. Useful information on chitinases and their inhibitor was gathered from the authentic
scientific databases namely SCOPUS, EMBASE, PUBMED, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, MEDLINE, EMBASE,
EBSCO, WEB OF SCIENCE, etc. This information was further analyzed and compiled up to
prepare the framework of the review article. The search strategy was conducted by using queries with
key terms “ chitin”, “chitinase”, “chitotrisidase”, “acidic mammalian chitinase”, “chitinase inhibitors”,
“asthma” and “chitinases associated inflammatory disorders”, etc. The patents were searched using the
key terms “chitinases and uses thereof”, “chitinase inhibitors”, “chitin-chitinase associated pathological
disorders” etc. from www.google.com/patents, www.freepatentsonline.com, and www.scopus.com.

Results:
The present review provides a vision for apprehending human chitinases and their participation
in several diseases. The patents available also signify the extended role and effectiveness of chitinase
inhibitors in the prevention and treatment of various diseases viz. asthma, acute and chronic inflammatory
diseases, autoimmune diseases, dental diseases, neurologic diseases, metabolic diseases, liver diseases,
polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, and cancer. In this regard, extensive pre-clinical and
clinical investigations are required to develop some novel, potent and selective drug molecules for the
treatment of various inflammatory diseases, allergies and cancers in the foreseeable future.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, chitinases can be used as potential biomarkers in prognosis and diagnosis of
several inflammatory diseases and allergies and the design of novel chitinase inhibitors may act as key
and rational scaffolds in designing some novel therapeutic agents in the treatment of variety of inflammatory
diseases.
A Development Machine for Measuring the Precision and the Response Time of Punches
Authors: Jaysrichai Tossaphon , Srikongphan Kachonsak , Jurarakpong Pornchalit 
Published: January 2020

Objective:
To develop and evaluate the device for measuring precision (in percentage) and response time (in seconds) of punches.

Methods:
Researchers cooperated with Sports Authority of Thailand and the Amateur Boxing Association of Thailand in development.

Results:
Robo-Boxing Trainer machine consisted of four targets. Each punching target has eight sensors and eight LED lights. Operating software, which programmed by PLC-CX programmer and DOPSoft (delta), can set the punching series and alarm signals. It recorded the response time from the starting signal to making contact with the target, calculating precision in percentage. This software could be set and recorded maximal 40 series and maximal 100 punches in each punching series. Researchers compared the accuracy of counting time with Digital Oscilloscope and tested the efficiency of sensors’ cutting signal. This study found the counting time to be of high accuracy (100% and 98.8%). The cutting sensors' signal test found to be efficient.

Conclusion:
Robo-Boxing Trainer machine, which is high in accuracy, may help to test and improve a boxer’s skills. Also, it can apply to train for other related sports.
Agricultural Aid Allocations of Korea in Five sub-Saharan Countries: Aid Policy Implications for Agriculture-Rural Development
Authors: Lee Hyejin 
Published: January 2020

Background:The Official Development Assistance, or ODA has been an invaluable source to assist developing countries in their economic and social development. Of the major ODA donors, the Republic of Korea (Korea) became a significant player in ODA and a role model. Providing its ODA, Korea designates the priority partner countries to which 70% of Korean bilateral ODA is allocated and formulates a country partnership strategy for each priority partner country.Objective:This study focuses on five sub-Saharan countries that were designated as Korea’s priority partner countries during the period of 2011-2020 and takes a detailed look at Korea’s ODA to their Agriculture and Rural Development (ARD) during the same period. With the five countries and ARD, this study intends to examine a hypothesis; the worse its food security and agricultural development was at a national level, the larger Korea’s ARD aid the country received.Methods:To test the hypothesis, data collected from World Bank, Global Hunger Index Reports and Korea ODA Statistics are sorted and analyzed. Then comparisons are made between Korea’s grant disbursements to ARD and the status of food security of the five African countries: Ethiopia, Ghana, Mozambique, Rwanda, and Uganda.Results:Results from the data indicate that there seems little consistency between the status of agriculture and food security of the five African countries and the allocated amounts of Korean ARD grants.Conclusion:Therefore, selection criteria for ARD grant allocation should exist and policy suggestions are made for Korea to formulate more consistent and systemic strategies for ARD support in sub-Saharan countries.
Effect of Commercial and Non-conventional Feeds, Leaves of Indigenous and Improved Multipurpose Tree Supplementation on Feed Intake, Digestibility and Growth Performance of Sheep
Authors: Abreha Hagos H. , Animut Getachew , Hailemichael Aklilu , Tedla Dawit G. , Baragabr Fsahatsion H. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Acute shortage of feed and very poor quality of the available feeds during the dry season are the prime limiting factors for increasing the production and productivity of small ruminants in most agroecological zones of Ethiopia. Thus, the study evaluated the effect of concentrate mixture of wheat bran and Sesame seed cake (T1), Atella (T2), Faidherbia albida (T3) and Sesbania sesban leaves (T4) on feed intake, digestibility, body weight change and economical profitability of local sheep.

Methods:
Twenty-four yearling intact local male sheep with mean Initial Body Weight (IBW) of 18 ±1.55 kg (mean ± SD) were used for the experiment. The study was conducted using randomized complete block design and sheep were blocked into six based on their IBW. Sheep within a block were randomly assigned to treatments. The experiment had 90 days feeding trial and 7 days digestibility trial after 15 and 3 days acclimatization period, respectively. The amount of supplements offered was 300 (T1), 330 (T2), 360 (T3) and 280 (T4) g/day on DM basis, each calculated to supply 73.6 g/day Crude Protein (CP).

Results:
Hay intake in T1, T2 and T4 (397˗400 ±1.44g/day) were significantly (P < 0.001) higher than T3 (375±1.44 g/day). Total DM intake was in the order of T2 = T3>T1> T4 (p<0.001) (698, 730, 735 and 677 g/day for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Digestibility of CP was in the order of T1 > T2>T4 > T3 (p<0.001), while the value in T2 differed only with T3 (75.6, 73.4, 60.2 and 67.9 for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively). Average Daily Gain (ADG) was 50, 45, 38 and 42 g/day for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively and differed only between T1 and T3. The partial budget analysis indicated that, sheep supplemented with Atella returned higher net income (5.46 US$) than T1 (1.93 US$), T3 (2.56 US$) and T4 (3.2 US$); similarly, MRR was also higher in T2 (93.7%) compared to T3 (56.1%) and T4 (50.4%).

Conclusion:
Sheep producers can use the supplement feeds in the order of T2, T4 and T3, respectively, based on their availability.
المحددات التي تواجه نظام الرقابة الداخلية في بيئة المصارف التجارية
Authors: UHD Journals , Faqe Mahmood Dana Akram , Ahmad Shilan Arf 
Published: January 2020

This study was conducted to examine the work of internal control systems in banking institutions. It focused on studying the determinants facing the internal censorship system in the commercial banking sector by identifying the deficiencies and shortcomings in the regulatory systems and their negative effects from financial and administrative failure, the overall weak performances and etc, and also by determining the main reasons and obstacles that prevents the application from development of the internal censorship systems in commercial banks.
A practical study had been made on a sample of the commercial banks operating in Sulaymaniyah governorate .In order to achive the goal, five commercial banks were used to collect the data from. The researchers used questionairre while collecting data in which they entered the information and data were processed automatically and through statistical models in order to test hypotheses and prove them.
The results of the statistical analysis showed that there is a strong correlation between the variables of the research hypothesis and the internal censorship's objectives and the constraints facing to their application in the commercial banking sector of a degree at (0.607).
The results showed that the increase of the determinants of the work of internal censrorship systems affected the achievement of the objectives that pursuied by the internal censorship in commercial banks in specifics. The researchers reccomended that there should be a commitments to the laws , accounting policies and procedures that applied to protect the assets especially by the commercial bank's management and to detect errors , fraud and manipulation to support the independency of the work of internal auditor and activate its role to achieve the objectives targeted by the internal censorship systems in commercial banks.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA AND PLECTRANTHUS AMBOINICUS EXTRACT
Authors: S. GEJALAKSHMI , SENTHILRAJ R. , A. TANISHA B. , S. SRUTHI , M. THARUN KUMAR 
Published: January 2020

Objective: In the present research, a clear systematic investigation of phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of herbal plants such as Azadirachta indica and Plectranthus amboinicus has been carried out.
Methods: The aqueous and alcoholic extract was prepared in soxhlet apparatus and phytochemical analysis of extracts was performed and analysed. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by cup plate method. These extracts were studied under agar diffusion method against three bacterial species such as Bacillussubtills, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli at 5µg, 50 µg and 250 µg concentration.
Results: The combine extract showed a predominant activity against these bacteria, which confirmed antimicrobial activity in AEAI and AEPA
Conclusion: The results obtained in this study clearly indicate that AEAI and AEPA has a significant potential to use as an antimicrobial agent
TITANIUM NANOPARTICLES CONJUGATED WITH STREPTOKINASE AS A MODIFIED THROMBOLYTIC AGENT
Authors: ABED HAYDER H. , ALWASITI ESTABRAQ AR. , TAWFEEQ AMIR T. 
Published: January 2020

Objective: Blood clots are the main cause of death worldwide by stroke and myocardial infarction. Streptokinase a thrombolytic agent that is used in the treatment of circulatory disorders.
Methods: Titanium Nanoparticles was supplied from Changsha Santech Co. Its characterized were studied using (FT-IR, XRD, AFM, FE-SEM). Streptokinase at concentration 0.1 mg/ml was conjugated with Titanium nanoparticles using PH equal to 5.2 with continuous stirring. Formation of Streptokinase loading Titanium nanoparticles confirmed using FT-IR, Ninhydrine’s test and Bradford protein assay. Physicochemical Properties were studied in vitro. Thrombolytic activity in vitro was determined using d–dimer indicator and weight of blood clot after treatment as indicators of thrombolytic activity.
Results: Titanium nanoparticles show particle size at range 31 nm. The thrombolytic activity of streptokinase loading Titanium nanoparticles shows significant value in d-dimer and weight of blood clot compared with the control group and non-significant compared with an equivalent amount of streptokinase alone.
Conclusion: Titanium nanoparticles conjugated with streptokinase show high thrombolytic activity against blood clots in vitro.
LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF GLIRICIDIA SEPIUM LEAF
Authors: A. UMADEVI , JALEEL ABDUL 
Published: January 2020

Objective: This study focus at the larvicidal activity of essential oil of Gliricidia sepium leaf
Methods: Pharmacological evaluation of leaf was carried out for larvicidal activity. Household mosquitoes of fourth instar larvae were used for the study. The study was carried out for 5 different concentrations for aqueous extract.
Results: The aqueous extract shown dose-dependent activity with the maximum larvicidal potential was seen with leaf of essential oil (250 mg/ml).
Conclusion: The study is designed to evaluate the larvicidal activity of essential oil of leaf of G. sepium. The relationship between the chemical composition and biological activity of essential oil of G. sepium is confirmed by lethal effect.