bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable manufacturing and green human resources: Critical success factors in the automotive sector
Authors: Gedam Vidyadhar V. , Raut Rakesh D. , Lopes de Sousa Jabbour Ana Beatriz , Narkhede Balkrishna E. , Grebinevych Oksana 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study aims to identify critical success factors (CSFs) for implementing sustainability in organizational human resources management (OHRM) within the automotive sector (AS). A literature review was carried out to identify the OHRM factors that are instrumental for the significant adoption of sustainable practices (SP) in the sector. Based on the outcomes from the literature review, an expert team composed of 17 experts from the AS, academia, and consultancy firms were consulted in order to identify cause–effect relationships among CSFs using a multi‐criteria decision making tool. Data were gathered in India from November 2019 to April 2020. The results revealed that top management support and environmental auditing for suppliers are the two most important CSFs to be prioritized among the factors studied, which implies that by managing these factors first, automotive manufacturers may deal better with the adoption of SP. As a result of prioritizing these two factors, other CSFs related to OHRM (e.g., organizational culture, environmental training, rewards, and incentives) will also positively affect the adoption of SP. The novelty of this study comes through raising the importance of environmental auditing for suppliers as a factor that can facilitate not only the adoption of SP in the AS, but the other OHRM factors as well.
Association of heart failure duration with clinical outcomes after transcatheter mitral valve repair for functional mitral regurgitation
Authors: Sugiura Atsushi , Weber Marcel , Tabata Noriaki , Goto Tadahiro , Grube Eberhard , Treede Hendrik , Werner Nikos , Nickenig Georg , Sinning Jan‐Malte 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the association of heart failure (HF) chronicity with clinical outcomes after transcatheter mitral valve repair (TMVR) for functional mitral regurgitation (MR).MethodsFrom January 2011 to March 2019, consecutive patients with functional MR who underwent a MitraClip procedure were analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups according to HF duration—those with duration ≤18 months and those with >18 months. The primary outcome measure was a composite of all‐cause mortality and re‐HF rehospitalization within 1 year after the procedure. These outcomes were also assessed separately. A Cox proportional hazard model was conducted for investigating the association of HF duration with the primary outcome.ResultsA total of 208 patients were analyzed. Patients with HF duration >18 months had a higher rate of the primary outcome compared to those with HF duration ≤18 months (38.1 vs. 19.0%, log‐rank p = .003). A longer duration of HF was associated with an increased risk of the primary outcomes (adjusted‐HR of >18 months, 2.12 95% CI, 1.14–4.19; p = .03; adjusted‐HR (hazard ratios) for 1 year increase, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02–1.09; p = .004). The association of HF duration with the primary outcomes showed a steep rise during the first 2 years of HF duration and progressive increase after 5 years.ConclusionsA longer HF duration before TMVR was associated with an increased risk of all‐cause mortality or HF rehospitalization. HF duration can be used for the risk stratification marker in patients undergoing TMVR for functional MR.
Marked improvement of oral intake with nivolumab monotherapy in a patient with microsatellite instability‐high gastric cancer with insufficient oral intake
Authors: Ogata Takatsugu , Narita Yukiya , Misawa Kazunari , Hosoda Waki , Muro Kei 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAlthough immune checkpoint inhibitors are commonly less effective for patients with a poor general condition, they can be effective and should be considered for poor general conditions in the case of MSI‐H tumor.
Torsades de pointes after prolonged intravenous amiodarone therapy for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Nordkin Irina , Levinas Tatyana , Rosenfeld Inna , Halabi Majdi 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAmiodarone can induce TdP; therefore, it should be avoided as a first choice for therapy in patients without heart disease. Careful QT interval monitoring, especially during intravenous use, can prevent development of this life‐threatening arrhythmia.
Diesel siphoner's lung: An unusual cause of hydrocarbon pneumonitis
Authors: Shrestha Tirtha Man , Bhatta Suraj , Balayar Ramesh , Pokhrel Sagar , Pant Pankaj , Nepal Gaurav 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe practice of manual siphoning of diesel from fuel tanks is common among automobile mechanics in Nepal. When an automobile mechanic with a history of diesel siphonage presents with respiratory symptoms, the diesel siphoner's lung diagnosis should be considered. Clinical suspicion confirmed by radiological findings can help in early management and prevention of permanent damage.
Well‐defined Cp*Co(III)‐catalyzed Hydrogenation of Carbonates and Polycarbonates
Authors: Dahiya Pardeep , Gangwar Manoj Kumar , Sundararaju Basker 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe herein report the catalytic hydrogenation of carbonates and polycarbonates into their corresponding diols/alcohols using well‐defined, air‐stable, high‐valent cobalt complexes. Several novel Cp*Co(III) complexes bearing N,O‐chelation were isolated for the first time and structurally characterized by various spectroscopic techniques including single crystal X‐ray crystallography. These novel Co(III) complexes have shown excellent catalytic activity to produce value added diols/alcohols from carbonate and polycarbonates through hydrogenation using molecular hydrogen as sole reductant or iPrOH as transfer hydrogenation source. To demonstrate the developed methodology's practical applicability, we have recycled the bisphenol A monomer from compact disc (CD) through hydrogenation under the established reaction conditions using phosphine‐free, earth‐abundant, air‐ and moisture‐stable high‐valent cobalt catalysts.
The Impact of Fluid Dynamic Stress in Stirred Bioreactors – The Scale of the Biological Entity: A Personal View
Authors: Nienow Alvin W. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFrom the start of industrial biotechnology, there has been a perception that biological entities are damaged by stirring, so‐called ‘shear damage'. Often, it was the soft option to explain a loss of performance when it was due to other factors, such as bubble ingestion with proteins or on scale‐up, where tip speed increased when it was due to decreased homogeneity, especially in pH. For many years, poor control and the range of analytical tools available made a more in‐depth explanation difficult; and the concepts of ‘high' and ‘low shear' impellers, now largely disproven, increased it. Here, the size of the biological entity is compared to the Kolmogorov microscale of turbulence leading to a reasonably clear picture emerging. The article starts with the author's introduction to the issue approximately 42 year ago with enzymes, conveniently also the smallest entity; and finishes with the largest, filamentous fungi.
Identifying Priority Giant Anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) Populations for Conservation in São Paulo State, Brazil
Authors: Sartori Ricardo Quiterio , Lopes Alessandro Garcia , Aires Luiz Paulo Nogueira , Bianchi Rita de Cassia , de Mattos Cinara Cássia Brandão , Morales Adriana Coletto , Castiglioni Lilian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHabitat loss is the main threat to biodiversity conservation worldwide. Some species may be particularly susceptible to the effects of fragmentation and the isolation of populations. The impacts of human activity on wild animal populations may be understood through relationships between individual genetic data and spatial landscape variables, particularly when considering local population dynamics influenced by fragmented habitats. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the population structure and genetic diversity of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) using an individual sampling scheme (ISS) on a regional geographic scale. Data were collected from 41 specimens from twenty different locations in São Paulo State, Brazil, and six polymorphic microsatellite loci were genotyped. Our results indicate that barriers to gene flow exist and have segregated individuals of the farther away areas into two spatially structured clusters. The populations were also found to have high genetic diversity. The experimental sampling approach used herein enabled an analysis of the population dynamics of the giant anteater on a regional scale, as well as the identification of priority populations for genetic resource conservation for this species. The results reflect the need for adequate management plans. The efficacy of the sampling scheme may vary based on the study model used, but we argue that the use of an ISS combined with suitable molecular markers and statistical methods may serve as an important tool for initial analyses of threatened or vulnerable species, particularly in anthropized regions where populations are small or hard to characterize.
Structural plasticity of olfactory neuropils in relation to insect diapause
Authors: Eriksson Maertha , Janz Niklas , Nylin Sören , Carlsson Mikael A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Many insects that live in temperate zones spend the cold season in a state of dormancy, referred to as diapause. As the insect must rely on resources that were gathered before entering diapause, keeping a low metabolic rate is of utmost importance. Organs that are metabolically expensive to maintain, such as the brain, can therefore become a liability to survival if they are too large.

Insects that go through diapause as adults generally do so before entering the season of reproduction. This order of events introduces a conflict between maintaining low metabolism during dormancy and emerging afterward with highly developed sensory systems that improve fitness during the mating season.

We investigated the timing of when investments into the olfactory system are made by measuring the volumes of primary and secondary olfactory neuropils in the brain as they fluctuate in size throughout the extended diapause life‐period of adult Polygonia c‐album butterflies.

Relative volumes of both olfactory neuropils increase significantly during early adult development, indicating the importance of olfaction to this species, but still remain considerably smaller than those of nondiapausing conspecifics. However, despite butterflies being kept under the same conditions as before the dormancy, their olfactory neuropil volumes decreased significantly during the postdormancy period.

The opposing directions of change in relative neuropil volumes before and after diapause dormancy indicate that the investment strategies governing structural plasticity during the two life stages could be functionally distinct. As butterflies were kept in stimulus‐poor conditions, we find it likely that investments into these brain regions rely on experience‐expectant processes before diapause and experience‐dependent processes after diapause conditions are broken.

As the shift in investment strategies coincides with a hard shift from premating season to mating season, we argue that these developmental characteristics could be adaptations that mitigate the trade‐off between dormancy survival and reproductive fitness.
The COVID‐19 policymaking under the auspices of parliamentary constitutional review: The case of Finland and its implications
Authors: Neuvonen Päivi Johanna 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article explores the dynamic interaction of emergency policies and parliamentary constitutional review in the early policy response to the COVID‐19 outbreak in Finland. A thorough analysis of the official records of Parliament's Constitutional Law Committee shows how the Government's use of delegated emergency powers raised particular concerns about inter‐institutional transparency during the state of emergency. These findings prompt an enquiry into whether delegated emergency powers and the related quest for centralized transparency‐led accountability produced a rupture in the theory of complex multicentric policymaking. This analysis suggests that policy process research can play an important role in exposing the more subtle and longitudinal effects of emergency policies on democratic governance.
High politics in the Low Countries: COVID‐19 and the politics of strained multi‐level policy cooperation in Belgium and the Netherlands
Authors: Van Overbeke Toon , Stadig Diederik 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCOVID‐19 presented Europe with an, in many respects, unprecedented challenge. While the virus proved itself to be transnational in nature, not taking heed of borders, government responses were largely national. Still, governments soon found themselves engaged in complex multi‐level policy cooperation at the national, subnational, and supranational levels. This paper looks at the crisis response in the Low Countries (Belgium and the Netherlands) to understand the impact of this process on the political system. We argue that efficient multi‐level policy cooperation in both countries has run up against the limits of existing institutions, leading to significant political grievances. In Belgium, slow negotiation between the central and regional governments has put the federal system in question. In the Netherlands, meanwhile, the absence of European institutions tasked with fiscal policy coordination has increased the salience of the EU fiscal sphere once again.
Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) for connected vehicles in smart cities
Authors: Safa Nader Sohrabi , Mitchell Faye , Maple Carsten , Azad Muhammad Ajmal , Dabbagh Mohammad 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMany Experts believe that the Internet of Things (IoT) is a new revolution in technology that has brought many benefits for our organizations, businesses, and industries. However, information security and privacy protection are important challenges particularly for smart vehicles in smart cities that have attracted the attention of experts in this domain. Privacy Enhancing Technologies (PETs) endeavor to mitigate the risk of privacy invasions, but the literature lacks a thorough review of the approaches and techniques that support individuals' privacy in the connection between smart vehicles and smart cities. This gap has stimulated us to conduct this research with the main goal of reviewing recent privacy‐enhancing technologies, approaches, taxonomy, challenges, and solutions on the application of PETs for smart vehicles in smart cities. The significant aspect of this study originates from the inclusion of data‐oriented and process‐oriented privacy protection. This research also identifies limitations of existing PETs, complementary technologies, and potential research directions.
A method to mitigate spatio‐temporally varying task‐correlated motion artifacts from overt‐speech fMRI paradigms in aphasia
Authors: Krishnamurthy Venkatagiri , Krishnamurthy Lisa C. , Meadows M. Lawson , Gale Mary K. , Ji Bing , Gopinath Kaundinya , Crosson Bruce 
Published: November 2020

AbstractQuantifying accurate functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation maps can be dampened by spatio‐temporally varying task‐correlated motion (TCM) artifacts in certain task paradigms (e.g., overt speech). Such real‐world tasks are relevant to characterize longitudinal brain reorganization poststroke, and removal of TCM artifacts is vital for improved clinical interpretation and translation. In this study, we developed a novel independent component analysis (ICA)‐based approach to denoise spatio‐temporally varying TCM artifacts in 14 persons with aphasia who participated in an overt language fMRI paradigm. We compared the new methodology with other existing approaches such as “standard” volume registration, nonselective motion correction ICA packages (i.e., AROMA), and combining the novel approach with AROMA. Results show that the proposed methodology outperforms other approaches in removing TCM‐related false positive activity (i.e., improved detectability power) with high spatial specificity. The proposed method was also effective in maintaining a balance between removal of TCM‐related trial‐by‐trial variability and signal retention. Finally, we show that the TCM artifact is related to clinical metrics, such as speech fluency and aphasia severity, and the implication of TCM denoising on such relationship is also discussed. Overall, our work suggests that routine bulkhead motion based denoising packages cannot effectively account for spatio‐temporally varying TCM. Further, the proposed TCM denoising approach requires a one‐time front‐end effort to hand label and train the classifiers that can be cost‐effectively utilized to denoise large clinical data sets.
Twelve years of soil preservation and rehabilitation on the Rio do Peixe watershed: promoting conservation agriculture
Authors: Vischi Filho Oswaldo Julio , Yoshikatsu Kanno Oscar , Mikio Arabori Roberto , Bernardoni Caldas João Flávio , Barros Penteado Raul , Menegucci Scachetti Edna Aparecida , Aparecido Quiessi Jorge , Braghetta Camargo Marcelo , Carvalho Tiago 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the works undertaken on the Rio do Peixe watershed by the Coordination of Agricultural Defense (CDA) over 12 years, where conservationist agriculture practices have been used since 2007 to promote the recovery of degraded areas, the reduction of erosion and the improvement of water quality. In addition, we evaluated the performance of innovative diagnostic strategies used to identify erosion spots in the river basin. The effective supervision of large farmland areas is a common problem that requires the development of cost‐effective tools while keeping a close interaction with stakeholders. From 2007 to 2017, 176 properties (23,103 ha) were inspected and notified to fulfill the soil conservation laws, using the Conventional CDA methodology (i.e., field assessment by an agronomist). In the Marília sector, the Innovative CDA Methodology (with remote sensing) was used, enabling the audit of 52 properties covering 27,775 ha in 2 years. Each landowner was requested to submit technical projects using conservationist practices to be implemented under CDA guidelines. Methods included vegetation cover and crop rotation (control of laminar erosion) and implementation of agricultural terraces, bypass channels, and containment basins (management of gullies erosion). The activities carried out promoted a shift from conventional agriculture, which was impacting soil fertility and water quality, towards conservation agriculture. Degraded pastures were converted into annual cropping areas using No‐Tillage (zero tillage) farming techniques. Other pastures were recovered, through Integrated Crop‐Livestock Systems, increasing its stocking rate. The undertaken activities were labor‐intensive but beneficial for farmers and for the quality of waterbodies.
Studies on 3D Printability of Novel Impact Modified Nylon 6: Experimental Investigations and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Chapman Gareth , Pal Akhilesh K. , Misra Manjusri , Mohanty Amar K. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe development of functional polymer parts with complex geometrical shape has been possible through additive manufacturing. In this research work, the issues such as warping, filament clogging, and layer delamination related to fused deposition modeling‐based 3D printing of nylon 6 are focused and its poor printability is improved. Nylon 6 is toughened by blending with an impact modifier, ethylene terpolymer. Complex viscosity, storage, and loss moduli of modified nylon increase significantly, which help to improve 3D printability of nylon 6. 3D printing of modified nylon is performed at optimized conditions, such as printing temperature, print speed, bed temperature, and cooling speed. Izod impact strength of 3D printed nylon 6‐based blend is observed ≈543 J m−1, which is significantly higher than the value (48 J m−1) available in literature for injection molded pristine nylon 6. Thermomechanical analysis of modified nylon shows higher coefficient of linear thermal expansion in normal direction as compared to that in flow direction, which is due to the orientation of polymer crystals during processing. The voids are observed on the cross‐sectional surface of impact fractured sample, which are responsible to produce light‐weight 3D printed specimens.
Variance‐based sensitivity analysis for uncertainties in proton therapy: A framework to assess the effect of simultaneous uncertainties in range, positioning, and RBE model predictions on RBE‐weighted dose distributions
Authors: Hofmaier Jan , Dedes George , Carlson David J. , Parodi Katia , Belka Claus , Kamp Florian 
Published: November 2020

PurposeTreatment plans in proton therapy are more sensitive to uncertainties than in conventional photon therapy. In addition to setup uncertainties, proton therapy is affected by uncertainties in proton range and relative biological effectiveness (RBE). While to date a constant RBE of 1.1 is commonly assumed, the actual RBE is known to increase toward the distal end of the spread‐out Bragg peak. Several models for variable RBE predictions exist. We present a framework to evaluate the combined impact and interactions of setup, range, and RBE uncertainties in a comprehensive, variance‐based sensitivity analysis (SA).Material and methodsThe variance‐based SA requires a large number (104–105) of RBE‐weighted dose (RWD) calculations. Based on a particle therapy extension of the research treatment planning system CERR we implemented a fast, graphics processing unit (GPU) accelerated pencil beam modeling of patient and range shifts. For RBE predictions, two biological models were included: The mechanistic repair‐misrepair‐fixation (RMF) model and the phenomenological Wedenberg model. All input parameters (patient position, proton range, RBE model parameters) are sampled simultaneously within their assumed probability distributions. Statistical formalisms rank the input parameters according to their influence on the overall uncertainty of RBE‐weighted dose–volume histogram (RW‐DVH) quantiles and the RWD in every voxel, resulting in relative, normalized sensitivity indices (S = 0: noninfluential input, S = 1: only influential input). Results are visualized as RW‐DVHs with error bars and sensitivity maps.Results and conclusionsThe approach is demonstrated for two representative brain tumor cases and a prostate case. The full SA including RWD calculations took 39, 11, and 55 min, respectively. Range uncertainty was an important contribution to overall uncertainty at the distal end of the target, while the relatively smaller uncertainty inside the target was governed by biological uncertainties. Consequently, the uncertainty of the RW‐DVH quantile D98 for the target was governed by range uncertainty while the uncertainty of the mean target dose was dominated by the biological parameters. The SA framework is a powerful and flexible tool to evaluate uncertainty in RWD distributions and DVH quantiles, taking into account physical and RBE uncertainties and their interactions. The additional information might help to prioritize research efforts to reduce physical and RBE uncertainties and could also have implications for future approaches to biologically robust planning and optimization.