bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a dinutuximab delivery system using silk foams for GD2 targeted neuroblastoma cell death
Authors: Ornell Kimberly J. , Chiu Bill , Coburn Jeannine M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNeuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood and is associated with poor survival in high risk patients. Recently, dinutuximab (DNX) has emerged as an effective immunotherapy to treat patients with high risk neuroblastoma. DNX works through the induction of cell lysis via complement‐dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) or antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). However, one third of patients who undergo DNX treatment exhibit tumor relapse and the therapy is dose limited by side effects such as severe pain. To overcome delivery challenges of DNX, including large size and dose limiting side effects, we fabricated a delivery system capable of sustained local delivery of bioactive DNX utilizing silk fibroin. We evaluated the impact of silk properties (MW, crystallinity, and concentration) on release properties and confirmed the bioactivity of the release product. Additionally, we observed that the effectiveness of CDC induction by DNX could be correlated to the GD2 expression level of the target cells, with both the intravenous DNX formulation and the released DNX. Collectively, these data highlights a strategy to overcome delivery challenges and potentially improve therapeutic efficacy in cells expressing heterogenous levels of GD2.
Fluorine‐incorporated TiO2 nanotopography enhances adhesion and differentiation through ERK/CREB pathway
Authors: Ro Hyang‐Seon , Park Hee‐Jung , Seo Young‐Kwon 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study compared the topography of different titanium surface structures (TiO2 nanotube and grain) with similar elemental compositions (TiO2 and fluorine [F]) on the Ti surface. High magnification indicated that the surfaces of the control and etching groups were similar to each other in a flat, smooth form. The group anodized for 1 h was observed with TiO2 nanotubes organized very neatly and regularly. In the group anodized for 30 min after etching, uneven wave and nanopore structures were observed. In addition, MTT assay showed that the F of the surface did not adversely affect cell viability, and the initial cell adhesion was increased in the 2.8% F‐incorporated TiO2 nanograin. At the edge of adherent cells, filopodia were observed in spreading form on the surfaces of the anodizing and two‐step processing groups, and they were observed in a branch shape in the control and etching groups. Moreover, cell adhesion molecule and osteogenesis marker expression was increased at the F‐incorporated TiO2 nanostructure. In addition, it was found that the expression of p‐extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and p‐cAMP response element‐binding protein (CREB) increased in the TiO2 nanograin with the nanopore surface compared to the micro rough and nanotube surfaces relative to the osteogenic‐related gene expression patterns. As a result, this study confirmed that the topographic structure of the surface is more affected by osteogenic differentiation than the pore size and that differentiation by specific surface composition components is by CREB. Thus, the synergy effect of osteogenic differentiation was confirmed by the simultaneous activation of CREB/ERK.
Roughness and wettability of titanium implant surfaces modify the salivary pellicle composition
Authors: Martínez‐Hernández Miryam , Hannig Matthias , García‐Pérez Victor I. , Olivares‐Navarrete Rene , Fecher‐Trost Claudia , Almaguer‐Flores Argelia 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study reports the differences in the protein composition of salivary pellicles formed under in situ conditions on two Titanium (Ti) surfaces, with different roughness and wettability. Smooth pretreatment Ti surfaces (Ti‐PT) with an average roughness (Ra) of 0.45 μm and a water contact angle (WCA) of 92.4°, as well as a more rough sandblasted, large grit, acid‐etched treatment Ti surfaces (Ti‐SLA) with a Ra of 3.3 μm and WCA of 131.8°, were tested. The salivary pellicles were quantitatively analyzed by bicinchoninic acid assays, and the protein identification was performed by Nano‐LC–MS/MS (nano mass spectrometry). Protein levels of 2.5, and 9.1 μg/ml were quantified from the detached salivary pellicle formed on the Ti‐PT and Ti‐SLA surfaces, respectively. Using Nano‐LC–MS/MS, a total of 597 proteins were identified on all the substrates tested; 43 proteins were identified only on the Ti‐PT, and 226 proteins were adsorbed solely on the Ti‐SLA substrates. The physicochemical characteristics of the Ti implant surfaces modified the amount and the identity of the salivary proteome of the pellicles formed, confirming the high selectivity of the protein pellicle formed on a surface once is exposed in the oral cavity.
Glutamine Metabolism in Osteoprogenitors Is Required for Bone Mass Accrual and PTH-Induced Bone Anabolism in Male Mice
Authors: Stegen Steve , Devignes Claire-Sophie , Torrekens Sophie , Van Looveren Riet , Carmeliet Peter , Carmeliet Geert 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
Skeletal homeostasis critically depends on the proper anabolic functioning of osteolineage cells. Proliferation and matrix synthesis are highly demanding in terms of biosynthesis and bioenergetics, but the nutritional requirements that support these processes in bone-forming cells are not fully understood. Here, we show that glutamine metabolism is a major determinant of osteoprogenitor function during bone mass accrual. Genetic inactivation of the rate-limiting enzyme glutaminase 1 (GLS1) results in decreased postnatal bone mass, caused by impaired biosynthesis and cell survival. Mechanistically, we uncovered that GLS1-mediated glutamine catabolism supports nucleotide and amino acid synthesis, required for proliferation and matrix production. In addition, glutamine-derived glutathione prevents accumulation of reactive oxygen species and thereby safeguards cell viability. The pro-anabolic role of glutamine metabolism was further underscored in a model of parathyroid hormone (PTH)-induced bone formation. PTH administration increases glutamine uptake and catabolism, and GLS1 deletion fully blunts the PTH-induced osteoanabolic response. Taken together, our findings indicate that glutamine metabolism in osteoprogenitors is indispensable for bone formation. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Cordyceps acid alleviates lung cancer in nude mice
Authors: Wang Jing , Chen Hongling , Li Wanrong , Shan Lingling 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study is to examine the effect of cordyceps acid (CA) on lung cancer in mice. A lung cancer animal model was established by inoculating lung cancer cells under the armpit of nude mice. The mental state, body weight, and tumor growth of nude mice were recorded in detail. The levels of Nrf‐2/HO‐1/NLRP3/NF‐κB pathway and apoptosis in tumor tissues of nude mice were detected by the Western blot analysis and immunohistochemical methods. Our results show that CA inhibited lung cancer by regulating the Nrf‐2/HO‐1/NLRP3/NF‐κB signal. In summary, CA has an obvious tumor inhibiting effect on lung cancer via regulation of the Nrf‐2/HO‐1/NLRP3/NF‐κB signal.
A climatological analysis of the monsoon break following the summer monsoon onset over Luzon Island, Philippines
Authors: Olaguera Lyndon Mark P. , Matsumoto Jun , Kubota Hisayuki , Cayanan Esperanza O. , Hilario Flaviana D. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study investigates the climatology of the monsoon break following the onset of the summer rainy season over Luzon Island (120–122.5°E, 13–22°N) in the Philippines from 1979–2017. The first post‐onset monsoon break is remarkable in stations located over the north and central Luzon Island and occurs climatologically in early June. Composite analysis of the large‐scale circulation features during the monsoon break period shows that this break is associated with the westward extension of the western North Pacific Subtropical High (WNPSH), which weakened the monsoon southwesterlies and induced enhanced low‐level divergence over Luzon Island. The westward extension of the WNPSH may be facilitated by the phase change of the boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO). About 59% (23/39) of the monsoon break cases occurred when suppressed convection, associated with the dry phases of the BSISO, is apparent over the western North Pacific. This suppressed convection favours the westward expansion of the WNPSH.With the occurrence of the monsoon break in early summer, the seasonal march of the early summer monsoon over the Philippines can be divided into three phases: (1) the monsoon onset phase, which occurs between mid to late May under the influence of the westerly/southwesterly low‐level winds, (2) the monsoon break phase, when rainfall decreases over Luzon Island in early June, and (3) the monsoon revival phase, when rainfall increases again due to the intrusion of monsoon southwesterlies over the Philippines. This study highlights the complex features of the summer monsoon onset and the impact of the WNPSH on the local climate of the Philippines in early summer.
Effect of Ethylene Oxide Group in the Anionic–Nonionic Mixed Surfactant System on Microemulsion Phase Behavior
Authors: Kittithammavong Virin , Charoensaeng Ampira , Khaodhiar Sutha 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe phase behavior of microemulsions stabilized by a binary anionic–nonionic surfactant mixture of sodium dihexyl sulfosuccinate (SDHS) and C12‐14 alcohol ethoxylate (C12 − 14Ej) that contains an ethylene oxide (Ej) group number, j, of either 1, 5, or 9 was investigated for oil remediation. The oil–water interfacial tension (IFT) and optimal salinity of the microemulsion systems with different equivalent alkane carbon numbers (EACN) were examined. The anionic–nonionic surfactant ratio was found to play a pivotal role in the phase transition, IFT, and optimal salinity. The minimum IFT of mixed SDHS − C12 − 14Ej systems were about three times lower than those of neat SDHS systems. A hydrophilic–lipophilic deviation (HLD) empirical model for the mixed anionic–nonionic surfactant system with the characteristic parameter was proposed, as represented in the excess free energy term . The results suggested that the mixed system of SDHS − C12 − 14E1 was more lipophilic, while SDHS − C12 − 14E9 was more hydrophilic than the ideal mixture (no excess free energy during the microemulsion formation), and the SDHS − C12 − 14E5 system was close to the ideal mixture. The findings from this work provide an understanding of how to formulate mixed anionic–nonionic microemulsion systems using the HLD model for oils that possess a wide range of EACN.
Hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin encapsulated stationary phase based on silica monolith particles for enantioseparation in liquid chromatography
Authors: Lu Yao , Sun Genlin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin‐encapsulated stationary phase incorporated on silica monolith particles was prepared by physical embedding, providing a new method for the development of chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation in liquid chromatography. Ground silica monolith particles of about 2.0 μm were prepared via sol–gel reaction followed by differential sedimentation. Initially, the silica monolith particles were pretreated with 3‐trimethoxysilyl propyl methacrylate to attach double‐bonded ligands onto the surface, then a network structure was formed onto the surface of the particle using N‐isopropyl acrylamide as functional monomer. Hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin was encapsulated inside N‐isopropyl acrylamide copolymerized layer on the surface of silica monolith particles. The effect of the amount of chiral selector on the chromatographic efficiency of the chiral stationary phase was examined. The glass lined stainless steel columns (1 mm internal diameter, 300 mm length) were packed with the stationary phase for estimation of the efficiency by separation of phenylsuccinic acid, oxybutynin, equol, and naproxen enantiomers in high‐performance liquid chromatography, with the resolutions of 1.54, 1.72, 2.54, and 2.31, respectively. The column to column repeatabilities through relative standard deviation were found better than 3%. The experimental results indicate that the sol‐gel ground silica particles modified with β‐cyclodextrin provide a promising way for the separation of chiral enantiomers.
Dye‐Loaded Mechanochromic and pH‐Responsive Elastomeric Opal Films
Authors: Winter Tamara , Boehm Anna , Presser Volker , Gallei Markus 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn this work, the preparation and fabrication of elastomeric opal films revealing reversible mechanochromic and pH‐responsive features are reported. The core–interlayer–shell (CIS) particles are synthesized via stepwise emulsion polymerization leading to hard core (polystyrene), crosslinked interlayer (poly(methyl methacrylate‐co‐allyl methacrylate), and soft poly(ethyl acrylate‐co‐butyl acrylate‐co‐(2‐hydroxyethyl) methacrylate) shell particles featuring a size of 294.9 ± 14.8 nm. This particle architecture enables the application of the melt‐shear organization technique leading to elastomeric opal films with orange, respectively, green brilliant reflection colors dependent on the angle of view. Moreover, the hydroxyl moieties as part of the particle shell are advantageously used for subsequent thermally induced crosslinking reactions enabling the preparation of reversibly tunable mechanochromic structural colors based on Bragg's law of diffraction. Additionally, the CIS particles can be loaded upon extrusion or chemically by a postfunctionalization strategy with organic dyes implying pH‐responsive features. This convenient protocol for preparing multi‐responsive, reversibly stretch‐tunable opal films is expected to enable a new material family for anti‐counterfeiting applications based on external triggers.
Is Levodopa Response a Valid Indicator of Parkinson's Disease?
Authors: Martin W.R. Wayne , Miles Michael , Zhong Qiaonan , Hartlein Johanna , Racette Brad A. , Norris Scott A. , Ushe Mwiza , Maiti Baijayanta , Criswell Susan , Davis Albert A. , Kotzbauer Paul T. , Cairns Nigel J. , Perrin Richard J. , Perlmutter Joel S. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) requires the presence of parkinsonism and supportive criteria that include a clear and dramatic beneficial response to dopaminergic therapy. Our aim was to test the diagnostic criterion of dopaminergic response by evaluating its association with pathologically confirmed diagnoses in a large population of parkinsonian patients.MethodsWe reviewed clinical data maintained in an electronic medical record from all patients with autopsy data who had been seen in the Movement Disorders Center at Washington University, St. Louis, between 1996 and 2018. All patients with parkinsonism who underwent postmortem neuropathologic examination were included in this analysis.ResultsThere were 257 unique parkinsonian patients with autopsy‐based diagnoses who had received dopaminergic therapy. Marked or moderate response to dopaminergic therapy occurred in 91.2% (166/182) of those with autopsy‐confirmed PD, 52.0% (13/25) of those with autopsy‐confirmed multiple systems atrophy, 44.4% (8/18) of those with autopsy‐confirmed progressive supranuclear palsy, and 1 (1/8) with autopsy‐confirmed corticobasal degeneration. Other diagnoses were responsible for the remaining 24 individuals, 9 of whom had a moderate response to dopaminergic therapy.ConclusionA substantial response to dopaminergic therapy is frequent but not universal in PD. An absent response does not exclude PD. In other neurodegenerative disorders associated with parkinsonism, a prominent response may also be evident, but this occurs less frequently than in PD. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Humidity sensing performance of defected ground structure‐based microwave sensors coated with PMMA, PHEMA, and PVA
Authors: Yeo Junho , Kwon Younghwan 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article compares the humidity sensing performance of microwave sensors coated with a poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate), or poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymer. A microwave sensor based on a modified interdigital‐capacitor‐shaped defected ground structure (IDCS‐DGS) in a microstrip transmission line with enhanced permittivity sensitivity was designed on an RF‐301 substrate with a thickness of 0.76 mm, which operate at a 1.5 GHz microwave frequency under unloaded conditions. One of the three different polymers was coated onto the IDCS‐DGS of the microwave sensors at a thickness of 0.02 mm. The humidity sensing performance of the microwave sensors coated with each of the three polymers was measured by the shift in the resonant frequency and magnitude level of the transmission coefficient when relative humidity was varied from 40 to 90%, with increments of 10%, at a temperature of 25°C. The experiment results show that the humidity sensing performance of the PVA‐coated microwave sensor is the best among the three polymers.
The effect of a supportive program on coping strategies and stress in women diagnosed with breast cancer: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Samami Elahe , Elyasi Forouzan , Mousavinasab Seyed Nouraddin , Shojaee Leila , Zaboli Ehsan , Shahhosseini Zohreh 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimTo investigate the effect of a supportive program on coping strategies and stress in women with breast cancer.DesignA randomized, two‐armed, controlled trial.MethodsSixty women were randomly allocated to intervention group (N = 30) and control group (N = 30). The interventions were held in six sessions, weekly from August 2018–March 2019 It was consisting of education regarding breast cancer; progressive muscle relaxation; stress management; emotional coping; and problem‐solving strategies.ResultsAt baseline, there was no difference between the two groups regarding the mean score of coping strategies and stress. Supportive program group participants experienced a significantly higher increase on their problem‐oriented coping strategies score in comparison with the control group. At the same time, scores in emotion‐oriented coping strategies and stress decreased significantly in the intervention group compared with the control group. Result of this study can be used to develop relevant interventions targeting coping strategies to reduce stress among women with breast cancer.
Brain biomarkers and neuropsychological outcomes of pediatric posterior fossa brain tumor survivors treated with surgical resection with or without adjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Baron Nelson Mary C. , O'Neil Sharon H. , Tanedo Jeffrey , Dhanani Sofia , Malvar Jemily , Nuñez Christopher , Nelson Marvin D. , Tamrazi Benita , Finlay Jonathan L. , Rajagopalan Vidya , Lepore Natasha 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPurposeChildren with brain tumors experience cognitive late effects, often related to cranial radiation. We sought to determine differential effects of surgery and chemotherapy on brain structure and neuropsychological outcomes in children who did not receive cranial radiation therapy (CRT).MethodsTwenty‐eight children with a history of posterior fossa tumor (17 treated with surgery, 11 treated with surgery and chemotherapy) underwent neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessment a mean of 4.5 years (surgery group) to 9 years (surgery + chemotherapy group) posttreatment, along with 18 healthy sibling controls. Psychometric measures assessed IQ, language, executive functions, processing speed, memory, and social‐emotional functioning. Group differences and correlations between diffusion tensor imaging findings and psychometric scores were examined.ResultsThez‐score mapping demonstrated fractional anisotropy (FA) values were ≥2 standard deviations lower in white matter tracts, prefrontal cortex gray matter, hippocampus, thalamus, basal ganglia, and pons between patient groups, indicating microstructural damage associated with chemotherapy. Patients scored lower than controls on visuoconstructional reasoning and memory (P ≤ .02). Lower FA in the uncinate fasciculus (R = −0.82 to −0.91) and higher FA in the thalamus (R = 0.73‐0.91) associated with higher IQ scores, and higher FA in the thalamus associated with higher scores on spatial working memory (R = 0.82).ConclusionsPosterior fossa brain tumor treatment with surgery and chemotherapy affects brain microstructure and neuropsychological functioning years into survivorship, with spatial processes the most vulnerable. Biomarkers indicating cellular changes in the thalamus, hippocampus, pons, prefrontal cortex, and white matter tracts associate with lower psychometric scores.
Zinc allocation to and within Arabidopsis halleri seeds: Different strategies of metal homeostasis in accessions under divergent selection pressure
Authors: Babst‐Kostecka Alicja , Przybyłowicz Wojciech J. , Seget Barbara , Mesjasz‐Przybyłowicz Jolanta 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Vegetative tissues of metal(loid)‐hyperaccumulating plants are widely used to study plant metal homeostasis and adaptation to metalliferous soils, but little is known about these mechanisms in their seeds. We explored essential element allocation to Arabidopsis halleri seeds, a species that faces a particular trade‐off between meeting nutrient requirements and minimizing toxicity risks.

Combining advanced elemental mapping (micro‐particle induced X‐ray emission) with chemical analyses of plant and soil material, we investigated natural variation in Zn allocation to A. halleri seeds from non‐metalliferous and metalliferous locations. We also assessed the tissue‐level distribution and concentration of other nutrients to identify possible disorders in seed homeostasis.

Unexpectedly, the highest Zn concentration was found in seeds of a non‐metalliferous lowland location, whereas concentrations were relatively low in all other seed samples—including metallicolous ones. The abundance of other nutrients in seeds was unaffected by metalliferous site conditions.

Our findings depict contrasting strategies of Zn allocation to A. halleri seeds: increased delivery at lowland non‐metalliferous locations (a likely natural selection toward enhanced Zn‐hyperaccumulation in vegetative tissues) versus limited translocation at metalliferous sites where external Zn concentrations are toxic for non‐tolerant plants. Both strategies are worth exploring further to resolve metal homeostasis mechanisms and their effects on seed development and nutrition.