bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A preprocedural risk score predicts acute kidney injury following primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Buratti Stefano , Crimi Gabriele , Somaschini Alberto , Cornara Stefano , Camporotondo Rita , Cosentino Nicola , Moltrasio Marco , Rubino Mara , De Metrio Monica , Marana Ivana , De Servi Stefano , Marenzi Giancarlo , De Ferrari Gaetano M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundReliable preprocedural risk scores for the prediction of Contrast‐Induced Acute Kidney Injury (CI‐AKI) following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (pPCI) in patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are lacking. Aim of this study was to derive and validate a preprocedural Risk Score in this setting.MethodsTwo prospectively enrolled patient cohorts were used for derivation and validation (n = 3,736). CI‐AKI was defined as creatinine increase ≥0.5 mg/dl <72 h postpPCI. Odds ratios from multivariable logistic regression model were converted to an integer, whose sum represented the Risk Score.ResultsIndependent CI‐AKI predictors were: diabetes, Killip class II‐III (2 points each), age > 75 years, anterior MI (3 points), Killip class IV (4 points), estimated GFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2 (5 points). The Risk Score c‐statistic was 0.84 in both cohorts. Compared with patients with Risk Score ≤ 4, the relative risks of CI‐AKI among patients scoring 5–9 were 6.2 (derivation cohort) and 7.1 (validation cohort); among patients scoring ≥10, 19.8, and 21.4, respectively.ConclusionsAmong STEMI patients, a simple preprocedural Risk Score accurately and reproducibly predicted the risk of CI‐AKI, identifying ¼ of patients with a seven‐fold risk and 1/10 of patients with a 20‐fold risk. This knowledge may help tailored strategies, including delaying revascularization of nonculprit vessels in patients at high risk of CI‐AKI.
Reduction of phenolic profiles, dietary fiber, and antioxidant activities of rice after treatment with different milling processes
Authors: Ma Zhan‐Qian , Yi Cui‐Ping , Wu Na‐Na , Tan Bin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesMilling, polishing, and color selection are the basic unit operation steps during rice processing, which may remove much amounts of nutritional components, such as phenolics and dietary fiber. And for a long time, rice is often overprocessed which results in a serious loss of nutrients. However, the reduction of the nutritional components during rice milling process has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different milling processes during industrial rice processing on the free and bound phenolic content, composition, dietary fiber, and antioxidant activity (DPPH, ABTS, T‐AOC) of two kinds of rice (Dao Huaxiang and Jiangxi Indica).FindingsAs the milling degree increased, the loss percentages of total phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins of Dao Huaxiang rice were 52.8%–76.4%, 43.3%–72.9%, and 100.0%, respectively; it was similar for the reduction percentages of total phenolics, flavonoids, and anthocyanins for Jiangxi Indica rice, which were 56.5%–77.4%, 58.7%–87.7%, and 87.5%–100%, respectively; the amounts of total dietary fiber were also decreased from 5.87 to 2.03 g/100 g DW for the Dao Huaxiang rice and from 5.14 to 2.84 g/100 g DW for Jiangxi Indica rice, respectively. Correspondingly, the content of individual phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin compositions in both rice varieties decreased with the increase in milling degree during the rice processing. Antioxidant activities of T‐AOC, DPPH, and ABTS showed a same trend with phenolic profiles for the two rice varieties.ConclusionsThe phenolic profiles, dietary fiber, and antioxidant activities for Dao Huaxiang and Jiangxi Indica rice decreased significantly with milling degree increase during rice processing. Therefore, it is recommended that the milling and polishing degree should be reduced during rice grain processing, in order to achieve the purpose of not only satisfying the edible quality of rice but also retaining the nutritional characteristics as much as possible.Significance and noveltyThe rice samples in this study were from the actual industrial production industry, and the Dao Huaxiang rice and Jiangxi Indica rice were from northeast China and south China, respectively, which were representative and could provide specific and practical data for reducing milling degree in rice industry and reducing the removal of bran layer. These findings indicate that the milling degree should be reduced or controlled for retention of nutrients and acceptable sensory quality in rice.
Effect of polishing duration on physical, milling, cooking, and sensory properties of a novel mix‐colored Nigerian parboiled rice
Authors: Ojediran John Olusegun , Okonkwo Clinton Emeka , Olayanju Tajudeen Adeniyi , Hussain Syed Zameer , Olaniran Abiola Folakemi , Adewumi Adejoke Deborah 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and objectivesPolishing is a step of milling process to produce white rice. It influences rice quality. This study evaluates the effect of increased polishing duration (0, 1, 2, and 3 min) on the physical, milling, cooking, and sensory properties of novel mix‐colored Nigerian rice. These quality parameters influence the consumers’ choice.FindingsPolishing duration had a significant effect on the physical, milling, cooking, and sensory properties of the milled rice. As the polishing duration increased, the length, width, length/width ratio, 1,000‐grain weight, bulk density, true density, porosity, optimum cooking time, cooking loss, aroma, and flavor of the milled rice reduced, while increased polishing duration increased the head rice yield, percentage broken rice, milled rice yield, percentage dockage, kernel elongation ratio, width expansion ratio, water uptake ratio, texture, appearance, and overall acceptability of the milled rice. The correlations between physical, milling, cooking, and sensory properties were strongly significant (p ˂ .01 and p ˂ 0.05).ConclusionsThis study revealed that increasing the polishing duration improves the cooking, head rice yield, milled rice yield, and some sensory quality attributes of the mix‐colored parboiled rice, but reduced its physical attributes.Significance and noveltyThe mix‐colored rice showed an improved milling, cooking, and sensory attributes but poor physical characteristics during polishing which is very vital to rice milling industry.
Systemic ALK‐positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma with bilateral optic neurolymphomatosis resulting in permanent blindness
Authors: Seegobin Karan , Alhaj Moustafa Muhamad , Fischer Deborah , Keller Katelyn , Hastings Jacquelyn , Kharfan‐Dabaja Mohamed A. , Ayala Ernesto , Gupta Vivek , Tun Han W. , Jiang Liuyan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractALK‐positive ALCL can lead to rapid irreversible destruction of the optic pathway. Early treatment should be instituted in patients with CNS involvement or those at increased CNS risk.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Desulfurative Amide Formation from Thioureas and Arylboronic Acids
Authors: Su Jianke , Li Wendong , Li Xin , Xu Jian , Song Qiuling 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe development of the reactivity on carbene complexes would lead to the creation of novel synthetic strategies. We discovered herein the Pd‐catalyzed desulfurative amide formation involved Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reaction, notably the Pd complex was generated in situ from thioureas, Ag salt and Pd catalyst. Silver salt was essential for the construction of this type of carbenes from available and stable thioureas and well participated in the catalytic cycle. We report a method for the synthesis of arylamides from arylboronic acids, which greatly enriched the application of thiourea chemistry and expanded the application of the Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling.
Controlling Regioselectivity in Palladium‐Catalyzed C−H Activation/Aryl–Aryl Coupling of 4‐Phenylamino[2.2]paracyclophane
Authors: Zippel Christoph , Spuling Eduard , Hassan Zahid , Polamo Mika , Nieger Martin , Bräse Stefan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSelective activation/functionalization of C−H bonds has emerged as an atom‐ and step‐economical process at the forefront of modern synthetic chemistry. This work reports palladium‐catalyzed exclusively para‐selective C−H activation/aryl–aryl bond formation with a preference over N‐arylation under the Buchwald–Hartwig amination reaction of 4‐phenylamino[2.2]paracyclophane. This innovative synthetic strategy allows a facile preparation of [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives featuring disparate para‐substitutions at C‐4 and C‐7 positions in a highly selective manner, gives access to a series of potential candidates for [2.2]paracyclophane‐derived new planar chiral ligands. The unprecedented behavior in reactivity and preferential selectivity of C−C coupling over C−N bond formation via C−H activation is unique to the [2.2]paracyclophane scaffold compared to the non‐cyclophane analogue under the same reaction conditions. Selective C−H activation/aryl–aryl bond formation and sequential C−N coupling product formation is evidenced unambiguously by X‐ray crystallography.
Enantioseparation of mandelic acid on vancomycin column: Experimental and docking study
Authors: Shahnani Mostafa , Sefidbakht Yahya , Maghari Shokoofeh , Mehdi Ahmad , Rezadoost Hassan , Ghassempour Alireza 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSo far, no detailed view has been expressed regarding the interactions between vancomycin and racemic compounds including mandelic acid. In the current study, a chiral stationary phase was prepared by using 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane and succinic anhydride to graft carboxylated silica microspheres and subsequently by activating the carboxylic acid group for vancomycin immobilization. Characterization by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated effective functionalization of the silica surface. R and S enantiomers of mandelic acid were separated by the synthetic vancomycin column. Finally, the interaction between vancomycin and R/S mandelic acid enantiomers was simulated by Auto‐dock Vina. The binding energies of interactions between R and S enantiomers and vancomycin chiral stationary phase were different. In the most probable interaction, the difference in mandelic acid binding energy was approximately 0.2 kcal/mol. In addition, circular dichroism spectra of vancomycin interacting with R and S enantiomers showed different patterns. Therefore, R and S mandelic acid enantiomers may occupy various binding pockets and interact with different vancomycin functions. These observations emphasized the different retention of R and S mandelic acid enantiomers in vancomycin chiral column.
Lithiated VO2(M)@Carbon Fibers Hybrid Host for Improving the Cycling Stability of Sulfur Cathode in Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries†
Authors: Wang Yuxin , Zhang Ling , Bi Jiaying , Yang Hao , Zhao Zhikun , Mu Daobin , Wu Borong 
Published: August 2020

Summary of main observation and conclusionWe successfully prepared the Li‐VO2(M) nanosheets via a facile lithiation method. After compositing with conductive carbon fibers, the sulfur host (Li‐VO2(M)@CFs) combines the efficient adsorption ability of the VO2(M) with superior electronic conductivity of the carbon fibers. Besides, carbon fiber cloth used as the current collector can provide the 3D electronic channels. Therefore, the coin cells exhibited the superior reversible capacity of 1250 mA h g–1 at 0.2 C and a low capacity decay value of 0.068% per cycle within 416 cycles at 1 C, indicative of the favorable cycling stability. Moreover, even at a high rate of 5 C, it also kept at a high discharge capacity of 401 mA h g–1. In conclusion, this work discloses an attractive route to reduce the dissolution loss of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and enhance the overall performance of Li‐S batteries.
Recent Development of Pyrimidine‐Containing Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Zhuang Jianxing , Ma Shutao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMultidrug‐resistant bacterial infections have become an important cause of clinical death in the twenty‐first century. Much effort has been made to overcome this challenge. The discovery of novel antimicrobial compounds, as well as the rational use of antibacterial drugs with different structure types and mechanisms, is helping to deal with bacterial resistance. Currently, pyrimidine‐containing agents are the major areas of new antibacterial drug discovery. Given their good activities and diverse mechanisms of action, many pyrimidine‐containing heterocyclic compounds have become the focus of interest for many scientists. In addition, pyrimidine structure is an important part of many endogenous substances, which is an advantage that allows pyrimidine derivatives to interact with genetic materials, enzymes and other biopolymeric substances in the cell. Scientists have focused on the discovery and structural optimization of pyrimidine derivatives, which has resulted in the discovery of many novel pyrimidine derivatives with intriguing profiles. Herein we summarize the therapeutic potentials of pyrimidine compounds that are promising for antimicrobial applications over the last decade. In particular, the relationships between the structures of modified pyrimidines and their antimicrobial activity are systematically discussed.
Autoscaling recovery actions for container‐based clusters
Authors: Samir Areeg , Pahl Claus 
Published: August 2020

SummaryIn cloud computing, resizing component resources is often limited by the available resources offered by a provider. After reaching a resource limit, a component cannot acquire more resources, which can badly affect the load situation. This article presents multiple predictable recovery actions of a self‐healing model for an identified anomalous behavior (eg, overload, underload) to auto‐scale compute resources in a containerized cluster environment according to various workload conditions. The efficacy of the model is demonstrated through an evaluation with different auto‐scaling strategies based on the number of created/terminated containers, container migration, resource utilization, and response time. The results show that the proposed model provides promising overall performance under dynamic workloads compared to other auto‐scaling strategies.
An improved genetic algorithm with Lagrange and density method for clustering
Authors: Li Ling , Zhou Xiangbing , Li Yiping , Gu Jiangang , Shen Shaopeng 
Published: August 2020

SummaryTo overcome the shortcomings of K‐means clustering including clustering numbers, sensitivity to clustering center (seeds) and local optimization, this article proposes an improved genetic algorithm (GA) with a novel Lagrange‐based fitness function and an initial population technique(called NicheClust algorithm); the NicheClust can determine the best chromosomes and then feeds these into K‐means as initial seeds to achieve higher‐quality clustering results by allowing the initial seeds to readjust in terms of clustering demands. The GA approach is proposed to search for a global optimally solution. The initial population method is presented to automatically capture the appropriate number of clusters and find the initial seeds. The Lagrange‐based approach is used to prevent the fitness function from prematurely converging and capture global optimization for K‐means clustering results. Experimental results based on six taxi Global Positioning System (GPS) datasets verify the higher performance of NicheClust compared to other clustering methods and validate the effectiveness with statistical analysis method.
A matter of interpretation? Understanding and applying mediation standards for the cross‐border enforcement of mediated settlement agreements
Authors: Quek Anderson Dorcas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article focuses on the future role to be played by mediation standards in view of the signing of the Singapore Convention on Mediation. It argues that the convention has elevated the standing of mediation standards from soft regulatory codes to quasi‐legal grounds impacting the enforcement of mediated settlements. However, the inherently generalized nature of mediation standards does not render them amenable to contextualized interpretation. More significantly, the courts may adopt the wrong frame when construing mediation standards. It is therefore imperative that the mediation community find ways to bridge frames and facilitate the cross‐border understanding of standards.
Interfacial Engineering of Bimetallic Carbide and Cobalt Encapsulated in Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction
Authors: Wang Kun , Lu Zhenjiang , Li Yizhao , Wang Shiqiang , Cao Yali 
Published: August 2020

AbstractHeterojunction engineering is a fundamental strategy to develop efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction by tuning electronic properties through interfacial cooperation. In this study, a heterojunction electrocatalyst consisting of bimetallic carbide Co3ZnC and cobalt encapsulated within N‐doped carbon nanotubes (Co3ZnC/Co@NCNTs) is synthesized by a facile two‐step ion exchange‐thermolysis pathway. Co3ZnC/Co@NCNTs effectively promotes interfacial charge transport between the different components with optimizes adsorption and desorption of intermediate products at the heterointerface. In situ‐grown N‐doped carbon nanotubes (NCNTs) not only improve the electrical conductivity but also suppress the oxidation of transition metal nanoparticles in alkaline media. Moreover, the abundant nitrogen types (pyridinic N, Co−Nx, and graphitic nitrogen) in the carbon skeleton provide more active sites for oxygen adsorption. Benefitting from this optimized structure, Co3ZnC/Co@NCNTs hybrid not only demonstrates excellent oxygen reduction activity, with a half‐wave potential of 0.83 V and fast mass transport with limited current density of 6.23 mA cm−2, but also exhibits superior stability and methanol tolerance, which surpass those of commercial Pt/C catalysts. This work provides an effective heterostructure for interfacial electronic modulation to improve electrocatalytic performance.
A Cytometrist's Guide to Coordinating and Performing Effective COVID‐19 Research
Authors: Chattopadhyay Pratip K. , Filby Andrew , Jellison Evan R. , Ferrari Guido , Green Cherie , Cherian Sindhu , Irish Jonathan , Litwin Virginia ,   other members of the ISAC COVID‐19 Work Group
Published: August 2020

AbstractCytometry is playing a crucial role in addressing the COVID‐19 pandemic. In this commentary—written by a variety of stakeholders in the cytometry, immunology, and infectious disease communities—we review cytometry's role in the COVID‐19 response and discuss workflow issues critical to planning and executing effective research in this emerging field. We discuss sample procurement and processing, biosafety, technology options, data sharing, and the translation of research findings into clinical environments. © 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Enhanced security‐aware technique and ontology data access control in cloud computing
Authors: Kiran Gangasandra Mahadevaiah , Nalini Narasimhaiah 
Published: August 2020

SummaryNowadays, security and data access control are some of the major concerns in the cloud storage unit, especially in the medical field. Therefore, a security‐aware mechanism and ontology‐based data access control (SA‐ODAC) has been developed to improve security and access control in cloud computing. The model proposed in this research work is based on two operational methods, namely, secure awareness technique (SAT) and ontology‐based data access control (ODAC), to improve security and data access control in cloud computing. The SAT technique is developed to provide security for medical data in cloud computing, based on encryption, splitting and adding files, and decryption. The ODAC ontology is launched to control unauthorized persons accessing data from storage and create owner and administrator rules to allow access to data and is proposed to improve security and restrict access to data. To manage the key of the SAT technique, the secret sharing scheme is introduced in the proposed framework. The implementation of the algorithm is performed by MATLAB, and its performance is verified in terms of delay, encryption time, encryption time, and ontology processing time and is compared with role‐based access control (RBAC), context‐aware RBAC and context‐aware task RBAC, and security analysis of advanced encryption standard and data encryption standard. Ultimately, the proposed data access control and security scheme in SA‐ODAC have achieved better performance and outperform the conventional technique.
Circulating circular RNAs profiles associated with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Luo Shuoming , Deng Min , Xie Zhiguo , Li Xia , Huang Gan , Zhou Zhiguang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimsCircular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently been shown to exert important effects in human diseases. However, the roles of circRNAs in type 1 diabetes (T1D) are largely unknown. This study is to identify the circRNA expression profiles in the peripheral blood of patients with T1D and predict their potential regulatory mechanisms and coding potential.MethodsCircRNA expression profiles were detected by Arraystar human circRNA microarray. With real‐time PCR validation, multiple bioinformatics approaches were used to explore their biological functions, construct the circRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA interactions, and predict circRNA coding potential.ResultsA total of 93 differentially expressed circular transcripts were identified in T1D compared with controls, among which 30 were upregulated, and 63 were downregulated. Two circRNAs were identified to have significant differences by RT‐PCR. Gene ontology analysis enriched terms such as cellular protein metabolic process, cytoplasm and zinc ion binding. The proposed molecular functions of these differentially expressed circRNAs, including cellular protein metabolic process, cytoplasm, and binding, may contribute to T1D. The most enriched pathways for these circRNAs were involved in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. Hsa_circ_0072697 may be involved in 50 circRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA signalling pathways related to diabetes, such as circ_0072697‐miR‐15a‐UBASH3A network. Furthermore, hsa_circ_0071224, hsa_circ_0002437, hsa_circ_0084429, hsa_circ_0072697, and hsa_circ_0000787 in T1D were considered to have the most coding potential involved in the pathogenesis of T1D.ConclusionsThese results showed that circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in the peripheral blood of patients with T1D and may play potential actions by interactions with miRNA and circRNA‐derived peptides in the development of T1D.