bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma deposition of a stable SiOx‐like layer on copper surface for enhanced pool boiling heat transfer performance: A combination of microstructures and wetting properties
Authors: Mohammadi Hamid R. , Taghvaei Hamed , Rabiee Ataollah 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIn this study, a thin film composed of inorganic SiOx is deposited on the copper surface by atmospheric pressure plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition. A pool boiling experiment is performed and the influence of the coating on pool boiling performance is examined. Morphology, composition, and wettability of the thin films are assessed using a scanning electron microscope, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometer, and contact angle measurements. In addition to the enhancement of pool boiling thermal characteristics, especially a 103% increase in heat transfer coefficient, it is observed that the plasma‐deposited thin film on the copper surface is stable after the four boiling/cooling cycles. Finally, the underlying mechanism behind the improvements achieved by use of coated surface is studied.
Extremalk‐uniform hypertrees on incidence energy
Authors: Zhu Qiangyuan 
Published: January 2021

AbstractFor ak‐uniform hypergraphH= (V(H), E(H)), letB(H)be its incidence matrix,Q(H) =B(H)B(H)Tbe its signless Laplacian matrix. LetS(H)be the subdivision graph ofHandASbe its adjacent matrix. For a matrixM, its energyE(M)is the sum of its singular values. The incidence energyBE(H)ofHis the energy ofB(H). In this article, we obtain some transformations on incidence energy, as their applications, the lower and upper bounds onBE(H)for hypertrees are obtained, at the same time, their corresponding extremal hypergraphs are characterized.
Hydromethanolic root and aerial part extracts from Echium arenarium Guss suppress proliferation and induce apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells through mitochondrial pathway
Authors: Limam Inès , Ben Aissa‐Fennira Fatma , Essid Rim , Chahbi Ahlem , Kefi Sarra , Mkadmini Khaoula , Elkahoui Salem , Abdelkarim Mohamed 
Published: January 2021

AbstractEchium arenarium Guss is a Mediterranean plant traditionally used in healing skin wound and it was reported exhibiting potent antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiparasitic activities. However, antitumoral activities of this plant have not yet been explored. Here we investigated for the first time, root (EARE) and aerial part (EAAPE) extracts of E. arenarium Guss to examine cytotoxicity and apoptosis activation pathway on U266 human multiple myeloma (MM) cell line. We demonstrated that EARE and EAAPE decreased U266 cell viability in a dose dependent manner. Based on 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, EARE was significantly two times more efficient (IC50 value 41 μg/ml) than EAAPE (IC50 value 82 μg/ml) considering 48 h of treatment. Furthermore, after 24 h of exposure to 100 μg/ml of EARE or EAAPE, cell cycle showed remarkable increase in sub‐G1 population and a decrease of U266 cells proportion in G1 phase. In addition, EARE increased cell percentage in S phase. Moreover, analysis revealed that EAAPE or EARE induced apoptosis of U266 cells after 24 h of treatment. Interestingly, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspase 3/7 were demonstrated in treated U266 cells. Phytochemical analysis of E. arenarium extracts showed that EARE exhibited the highest content of total phenolic content. Interestingly, six phenolic compounds were identified. Myricitrin was the major compound in EARE, followed by luteolin 7‐O‐glucoside, resorcinol, polydatin, Trans‐hydroxycinnamic acid, and hyperoside. These findings proved that an intrinsic mitochondria‐mediated apoptosis pathway probably mediated the apoptotic effects of E. arenarium Guss extracts on U266 cells, and this will suggest several action plans to treat MM.
Shedding new light on sterile neutrinos from XENON1T experiment
Authors: Shakeri Soroush , Hajkarim Fazlollah , Xue She-Sheng 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
The XENON1T collaboration recently reported the excess of events from recoil electrons, possibly giving an insight into new area beyond the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. We try to explain this excess by considering effective interactions between the sterile neutrinos and the SM particles. In this paper, we present an effective model based on one-particle-irreducible interaction vertices at low energies that are induced from the SM gauge symmetric four-fermion operators at high energies. The effective interaction strength is constrained by the SM precision measurements, astrophysical and cosmological observations. We introduce a novel effective electromagnetic interaction between sterile neutrinos and SM neutrinos, which can successfully explain the XENON1T event rate through inelastic scattering of the sterile neutrino dark matter from Xenon electrons. We find that sterile neutrinos with masses around 90 keV and specific effective coupling can fit well with the XENON1T data where the best fit points preserving DM constraints and possibly describe the anomalies in other experiments.
Higher form symmetries and M-theory
Authors: Albertini Federica , Del Zotto Michele , García Etxebarria Iñaki , Hosseini Saghar S. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We discuss the geometric origin of discrete higher form symmetries of quantum field theories in terms of defect groups from geometric engineering in M-theory. The flux non-commutativity in M-theory gives rise to (mixed) ’t Hooft anomalies for the defect group which constrains the corresponding global structures of the associated quantum fields. We analyze the example of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 SYM gauge theory in four dimensions, and we reproduce the well-known classification of global structures from reading between its lines. We extend this analysis to the case of 7d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 SYM theory, where we recover it from a mixed ’t Hooft anomaly among the electric 1-form center symmetry and the magnetic 4-form center symmetry in the defect group. The case of five-dimensional SCFTs from M-theory on toric singularities is discussed in detail. In that context we determine the corresponding 1-form and 2-form defect groups and we explain how to determine the corresponding mixed ’t Hooft anomalies from flux non-commutativity. Several predictions for non-conventional 5d SCFTs are obtained. The matching of discrete higher-form symmetries and their anomalies provides an interesting consistency check for 5d dualities.
Retraining Convolutional Neural Networks for Specialized Cardiovascular Imaging Tasks: Lessons from Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Tandon Animesh , Mohan Navina , Jensen Cory , Burkhardt Barbara E. U. , Gooty Vasu , Castellanos Daniel A. , McKenzie Paige L. , Zahr Riad Abou , Bhattaru Abhijit , Abdulkarim Mubeena , Amir-Khalili Alborz , Sojoudi Alireza , Rodriguez Stephen M. , Dillenbeck Jeanne , Greil Gerald F. , Hussain Tarique 
Published: January 2021

AbstractVentricular contouring of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging is the gold standard for volumetric analysis for repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF), but can be time-consuming and subject to variability. A convolutional neural network (CNN) ventricular contouring algorithm was developed to generate contours for mostly structural normal hearts. We aimed to improve this algorithm for use in rTOF and propose a more comprehensive method of evaluating algorithm performance. We evaluated the performance of a ventricular contouring CNN, that was trained on mostly structurally normal hearts, on rTOF patients. We then created an updated CNN by adding rTOF training cases and evaluated the new algorithm’s performance generating contours for both the left and right ventricles (LV and RV) on new testing data. Algorithm performance was evaluated with spatial metrics (Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC), Hausdorff distance, and average Hausdorff distance) and volumetric comparisons (e.g., differences in RV volumes). The original Mostly Structurally Normal (MSN) algorithm was better at contouring the LV than the RV in patients with rTOF. After retraining the algorithm, the new MSN + rTOF algorithm showed improvements for LV epicardial and RV endocardial contours on testing data to which it was naïve (N = 30; e.g., DSC 0.883 vs. 0.905 for LV epicardium at end diastole, p < 0.0001) and improvements in RV end-diastolic volumetrics (median %error 8.1 vs 11.4, p = 0.0022). Even with a small number of cases, CNN-based contouring for rTOF can be improved. This work should be extended to other forms of congenital heart disease with more extreme structural abnormalities. Aspects of this work have already been implemented in clinical practice, representing rapid clinical translation. The combined use of both spatial and volumetric comparisons yielded insights into algorithm errors.
A comparison of femoral component rotation after total knee arthroplasty in Kanekasu radiographs, axial CT slices and 3D reconstructed images
Authors: Robertson Emma L. , Hengherr Martin , Amsler Felix , Hirschmann Michael T. , Mathis Dominic T. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the posterior condylar angle measured with Kanekasu radiograph and 2D-CT with the gold standard 3D-CT following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsEighty-two knees with pain following TKA were included in this retrospective study. Two independent raters measured the anatomical and surgical posterior condylar angles twice on each Kanekasu radiograph and 2D-CT. These measurements were compared against the 3D-CT measurement. The intra- and interrater reliability of the Kanekasu radiograph and 2D-CT and the correlation with 3D-CT were calculated.ResultsThe intra- and interrater reliability for measurements of the anatomical posterior condyle angle for the Kanekasu radiograph and the 2D-CT were excellent for both raters (0.85–0.92). For the less experienced rater 1, the intrarater reliability was significantly better for 2D-CT than Kanekasu radiograph for measuring both the surgical (p< 0.01) and anatomical posterior condyle angles (p< 0.05). For the experienced rater 2, the intrarater reliability was significantly better for Kanekasu radiograph than 2D-CT for measurement of the surgical posterior condyle angle (p< 0.05). The correlation with 3D-CT is higher in 2D-CT than in Kanekasu radiograph (p< 0.01). While the Kanekasu radiograph predicts the 3D-CT angle with 65.9%, 2D-CT can measure the true angle with 82.9% certainty.ConclusionMeasurements using the anatomical transepicondylar axis are easier to replicate compared to the surgical transepicondylar axis. In comparison with the gold standard 3D-CT, 2D-CT showed a significantly higher correlation with 3D-CT than the Kanekasu measurements. If 3D-CT is available, it should be preferred over 2D-CT and Kanekasu view radiograph for femoral component rotation measurements.
Variation among colonies in breeding success and population trajectories of wandering albatrosses Diomedea exulans at South Georgia
Authors: Rackete Carola , Poncet Sally , Good Stephanie D. , Phillips Richard A. , Passfield Ken , Trathan Philip 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe wandering albatross,Diomedea exulans,is a globally threatened species breeding at a number of sites within the Southern Ocean. Across the South Georgia archipelago, there are differences in population trends even at closely located colonies. Between 1999 and 2018 the largest colony, at Bird Island, declined at 3.01% per annum, while in the Bay of Isles, the decline was 1.44% per annum. Using mean demographic rates from a 31-year study at Bird Island and an 11-year study of breeding success at Prion Island in the Bay of Isles in a VORTEX model, we show that differences in breeding success do not fully explain observed differences in population trends. Other potential contributing factors are differential use of foraging areas, with possible knock-on effects on adult body condition, provisioning rate and breeding success, or on bycatch rates of adults or immatures.
Card-based Cryptography with Dihedral Symmetry
Authors: Shinagawa Kazumasa 
Published: January 2021

AbstractIt is known that secure computation can be done by using a deck of physical cards. This area is called card-based cryptography. Shinagawa et al. (in: Provable security—9th international conference, ProvSec 2015, Kanazawa, Japan, 2015) proposed regular n-sided polygon cards that enable to compute functions over $${\mathbb {Z}}/n{\mathbb {Z}}$$

Z
/
n
Z

. In particular, they designed efficient protocols for linear functions (e.g. addition and constant multiplication) over $${\mathbb {Z}}/n{\mathbb {Z}}$$

Z
/
n
Z

. Here, efficiency is measured by the number of cards used in the protocol. In this paper, we propose a new type of cards, dihedral cards, as a natural generalization of regular polygon cards. Based on them, we construct efficient protocols for various interesting functions such as carry of addition, equality, and greater-than, whose efficient construction has not been known before. Beside this, we introduce a new protocol framework that captures a wide class of card types including binary cards, regular polygon cards, dihedral cards, and so on.
Impact of water consumption on renal function in the general population: a cross-sectional analysis of KNHANES data (2008–2017)
Authors: Lo Jong Ah , Kim Jin Sun , Jo Min Jee , Cho Eun Jung , Ahn Shin Young , Ko Gang Jee , Kwon Young Joo , Kim Ji Eun 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe renoprotective effect of water intake remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the relationship between water intake and renal impairment in the Korean general population, focusing on individual differences in body fluid distribution and risk of chronic dehydration.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the 2008–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Adult participants who had body weight and serum creatinine data and had answered 24-h recall nutritional survey were included. Four water intake groups were defined by daily total water intake per body weight: lowest (< 20 mL/kg/day), low-moderate (20–29.9 mL/kg/day), high-moderate (30–49.9 mL/kg/day), and highest (≥ 50 mL/kg/day). We assessed the risk of renal impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate ≤ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) according to water intake.ResultsIn total of 50,113 participants, 3.9% had renal impairment. The risk of renal impairment gradually decreased as water intake increased. After adjustment of sodium intake, the trend of renoprotective effect was remained in low-moderate and high-moderate water intake group compared to low intake group, whereas no significant impact was observed with the highest water intake due to concurrent intake of high sodium. In subgroup analysis, the renoprotective effect of water intake was significant in the participants with elderly, male and daily sodium intake over 2 g/day.ConclusionsHigh daily water intake is renoprotective. Our data may provide an important basis for determining the amount of water intake needed to prevent renal impairment, considering variations in body weight, body composition and risk of chronic dehydration.
Monitoring saline intrusion in the Ayeyarwady Delta, Myanmar, using data from the Sentinel-2 satellite mission
Authors: Sakai Toru , Omori Keisuke , Oo Aung Naing , Zaw Yan Naung 
Published: January 2021

AbstractSummer rice cannot be grown near the coast of the Ayeyarwady Delta, Myanmar, because of the high salinity in river water during the dry season. This means that saline intrusion should be monitored to manage the irrigated rice-growing area. The aim of this study therefore is to develop a model to estimate the salinity of river water using satellite imagery. The imagery of Sentinel-2 was suitable for monitoring saline intrusion because of their high spatial (10-m) and temporal (10-day) resolutions. We found that the reflectance of the visible bands was correlated with electrical conductivity, which was influenced by the concentration and composition of dissolved salts. When the river water mixed with the salt water from the sea, suspended particles tended to flocculate and settle, as a result, less turbid water was more saline. The best-fitting model was obtained with the green band (coefficient of determination R2 of 0.776, root mean square error of 4.896 dSm−1, and mean absolute error of 3.340 dS m−1). The saline intrusion showed considerable spatial and temporal variability during the dry season. The salinity intrusion extended approximately 80 km inland at the end of the dry season in March in the Pathein River. The 1 ppt salt concentration line in March marked the boundary between cultivated and non-cultivated areas of paddy field, which indicates that cultivable areas were strongly affected by saline intrusion. The results show that more frequent and higher resolution monitoring than before of the Sentinel-2 can support effective water resource management.
Correction to: Can a Good Person be a Good Trader? An Ethical Defense of Financial Trading
Authors: Rocchi Marta , Thunder David 
Published: January 2021

The article Can a Good Person be a Good Trader? An Ethical Defense of Financial Trading, written by Marta Rocchi and David Thunder, was originally published Online First without Open Access. After publication in volume 159, issue 1, page 89–103 the authors decided to opt for Open Choice and to make the article an Open Access publication. Therefore, the copyright of the article has been changed to © The Authors 2017 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
An Eye-Tracking Study of Attention Biases in Children at High Familial Risk for Depression and Their Parents with Depression
Authors: Platt B. , Sfärlea A. , Buhl C. , Loechner J. , Neumüller J. , Asperud Thomsen L. , Starman-Wöhrle K. , Salemink E. , Schulte-Körne G. 
Published: January 2021

AbstractAttention biases (AB) are a core component of cognitive models of depression yet it is unclear what role they play in the transgenerational transmission of depression. 44 children (9–14 years) with a high familial risk of depression (HR) were compared on multiple measures of AB with 36 children with a low familial risk of depression (LR). Their parents: 44 adults with a history of depression (HD) and 36 adults with no history of psychiatric disorder (ND) were also compared. There was no evidence of group differences in AB; neither between the HR and LR children, nor between HD and ND parents. There was no evidence of a correlation between parent and child AB. The internal consistency of the tasks varied greatly. The Dot-Probe Task showed unacceptable reliability whereas the behavioral index of the Visual-Search Task and an eye-tracking index of the Passive-Viewing Task showed better reliability. There was little correlation between the AB tasks and the tasks showed minimal convergence with symptoms of depression or anxiety. The null-findings of the current study contradict our expectations and much of the previous literature. They may be due to the poor psychometric properties associated with some of the AB indices, the unreliability of AB in general, or the relatively modest sample size. The poor reliability of the tasks in our sample suggest caution should be taken when interpreting the positive findings of previous studies which have used similar methods and populations.
Impact of a high-density grid catheter on long-term outcomes for structural heart disease ventricular tachycardia ablation
Authors: Proietti Riccardo , Dowd Rory , Gee Lim Ven , Yusuf Shamil , Panikker Sandeep , Hayat Sajad , Osman Faizel , Patel Kiran , Salim Handi , Aldhoon Bashar , Foster Will , Merghani Ahmed , Kuehl Michael , Banerjee Prithwish , Lellouche Nicolas , Dhanjal Tarvinder 
Published: January 2021

AbstractBackgroundSubstrate mapping has highlighted the importance of targeting diastolic conduction channels and late potentials during ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation. State-of-the-art multipolar mapping catheters have enhanced mapping capabilities. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether long-term outcomes were improved with the use of a HD Grid mapping catheter combining complementary mapping strategies in patients with structural heart disease VT.MethodsConsecutive patients underwent VT ablation assigned to either HD Grid, Pentaray, Duodeca, or point-by-point (PbyP) RF mapping catheters. Clinical endpoints included recurrent anti-tachycardia pacing (ATP), appropriate shock, asymptomatic non-sustained VT, or all-cause death.ResultsSeventy-three procedures were performed (33 HD Grid, 22 Pentaray, 12 Duodeca, and 6 PbyP) with no significant difference in baseline characteristics. Substrate mapping was performed in 97% of cases. Activation maps were generated in 82% of HD Grid cases (Pentaray 64%; Duodeca 92%; PbyP 33% (p = 0.025)) with similar trends in entrainment and pace mapping. Elimination of all VTs occurred in 79% of HD Grid cases (Pentaray 55%; Duodeca 83%; PbyP 33% (p = 0.04)). With a mean follow-up of 372 ± 234 days, freedom from recurrent ATP and shock was 97% and 100% respectively in the HD Grid group (Pentaray 64%, 82%; Duodeca 58%, 83%; PbyP 33%, 33% (log rankp = 0.0042,p = 0.0002)).ConclusionsThis study highlights a step-wise improvement in survival free from ICD therapies as the density of mapping capability increases. By using a high-density mapping catheter and combining complementary mapping strategies in a strict procedural workflow, long-term clinical outcomes are improved.