bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of vibrational spectroscopy to predict vitamin C in Kakadu plum powders (Terminalia ferdinandiana Exell, Combretaceae)
Authors: Cozzolino Daniel , Phan Anh Dao Thi , Netzel Michael E , Smyth Heather , Sultanbawa Yasmina 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of using either mid‐infrared (MIR) or near‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to predict the vitamin C content in Kakadu plum (Terminalia ferdinandiana Exell, Combretaceae) powder samples. Vitamin C is the main and quality‐determining bioactive compound in Kakadu plum (KP). Kakadu plum powder samples were analyzed by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to a photodiode array detector (UPLC‐PDA) and scanned using both MIR and NIR spectroscopy.RESULTSThe coefficient of determination (R2) and the standard error in cross validation (SECV) for vitamin C were 0.93 and 1811 mg 100 g dry weight (DW) and 0.91 and 1839 mg 100 g DW using MIR and NIR spectroscopy, respectively. The coefficient of correlation and the standard error of prediction (SEP) obtained using the independent set (n = 5) were 0.65 (SEP: 2367 mg 100 g DW) and 0.73 (SEP: 4773 mg 100 g DW) using MIR and NIR spectroscopy, respectively.CONCLUSIONSThe results obtained in this study clearly showed that it is possible to calibrate IR spectroscopic instruments for the measurement of vitamin C in KP plum powder samples. Mid‐infrared spectroscopy showed the most promising results; however, Fourier transform near‐infrared (FTNIR) spectroscopy also produced models capable of good quantification of this important bioactive compound and vitamin. These findings are promising in terms of using high‐throughput IR spectroscopy as a routine technology to determine vitamin C in plant‐based foods and derived products. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of leaf removal on the accumulation of anthocyanins and the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes in Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes
Authors: Yue Xiaofeng , Zhao Yameng , Ma Xin , Jiao Xuliang , Fang Yulin , Zhang Zhenwen , Ju Yanlun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDAnthocyanins, a major flavonoid class, determine the color and quality of wine. Recent research revealed that basal leaf removal can increase the content of these compounds. This study determined the effects of basal leaf removal on the anthocyanin profiles of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes.RESULTSThe effects of basal leaf removal on anthocyanin composition in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes were investigated over two growing seasons. Leaf removal at 5% veraison (VB6) and at 100% veraison (VC6) was compared with a control. Reducing sugar and total anthocyanin contents in the leaf removal group were significantly higher than in the control group at harvest for both vintages. Leaf removal increased the content of individual anthocyanins and significantly improved the malvidin‐3‐O‐glucoside (Mv‐3‐glc), peonidin‐3‐O‐glucoside (Pn‐3‐glc), and malvidin‐3‐O‐(6‐acetyl)‐glucoside (Mv‐3‐acglc) content of the VB6 group. At harvest, VB6 treatment increased the transcript abundance of structural and regulator genes in the anthocyanin pathway, especially VvF3′5′H, VvLDOX, and VvDFR.CONCLUSIONSOur results suggest that leaf removal at 5% veraison may be useful for improving the anthocyanin content in grapes. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Application Value of Real‐Time Shear Wave Elastography in Diagnosing the Depth of Infiltrating Muscular Layer of Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Zhao Hai‐Xia , Du Yuan‐Yuan , Guo Yan‐Jing , Zhou Jing‐Hong , Sun Cui‐Qin , Wen Xiao‐Duo , Wang Jing , Wang Nan , Yang Yi , Yan Xiao‐Jing 
Published: November 2020

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical value of real‐time shear wave ultrasonic elastography in diagnosing the depth of infiltrating muscularis of endometrial cancer.MethodsSeventy‐one patients with stage I endometrial cancer infiltrating the myometrium and 37 patients with normal physical examination were enrolled and divided into three groups: endometrial cancer superficial muscle infiltration group, endometrial cancer deep muscle infiltration group, and normal control group. After completing 2‐dimensional ultrasound examination, each patient switched to the real‐time shear wave elastography mode to measure the elasticity values Emax, Emean, and Esd.ResultsFor control group, comparison of elastic modulus values between superficial muscular layer near the intimal surface and the deep muscular layer near the serosa surface showed no difference (P > 0.05). For endometrial cancer superficial muscular infiltration group, significant difference was found regarding the elastic modulus values of infiltrated muscular layer and uninfiltrated muscular layer (Emax and Emean) without difference for Esd (P > 0.05). A significant difference of elastic modulus was observed between control group and deep myometrial infiltration group (P < 0.05) without difference of Emean or Emax but with difference of Esd. The accuracy in diagnosing muscular layer infiltration was 78.9% for Emax cutoff and 82.5% for Emean cutoff. The rate of using Emax ≥32.22 kPa or Emean ≥27.54 kPa as the ultrasound standard for diagnosing myometrium infiltration was 92.9%. The accuracy for the diagnosis of muscular layer infiltration was 96.1% for Emax cutoff, 94.1% for Emean cutoff and 86.3% for Esd cutoff.ConclusionReal‐time shear wave elastography is helpful to determine the depth of infiltrating myometrium of endometrial cancer.
Facial Tightening Effects, Following Focused and Radial Acoustic Wave Therapy Assessment, Using a Three‐Dimensional Digital Imaging
Authors: Kimura Kuriko , Tanaka Yohei 
Published: November 2020

Background and ObjectivesAcoustic wave therapy is a novel facial tightening technique that involves nonthermal penetration of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, affecting cells and their metabolism, and resulting in an increased release of unwanted fat and activation of blood and lymphatic flow in tissues. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of acoustic wave therapy.Study Design/Materials and MethodsA total of 333 patients underwent multiple facial tightening treatment sessions using focused and radial acoustic waves. Each patient received 2,000–3,000 pulses of focused acoustic waves at a power of 0.45–0.88 mJ/mm2 with a pulse frequency of 3–5 Hz and 4,000 pulses of radial acoustic waves at 4‐bar power at a frequency of 21 Hz. These sessions were performed more than three times, and treatments were repeated at 1‐month intervals. Digital photographs superimposed three‐dimensional volumetric assessments, and three‐dimensional skin surface displacement calculations using vectors were used to evaluate the results 12 months after the last treatment. Patients also evaluated the results using a 5‐point Likert scale.ResultsImprovements in skin texture, clarity, and laxity were observed in digital photographs. Superimposed three‐dimensional color images showed marked volumetric reduction and/or formative modification for even contour toward the lower mid‐face. Most vectors showed three‐dimensional skin surface displacement at the lateral sides of the temples, cheeks, and chin, in an upward direction. These results were obtained and sustained for up to 12 months without edematous reactions. Almost all patients reported improvement, with 79% reporting “good” or “excellent” improvement. Complications were minor and transitory. Persistent side effects were not observed.ConclusionAcoustic wave therapy could be used as a standard facial tightening treatment, with skin rejuvenation effects shown on digital photographs and three‐dimensional quantification assessments. This noninvasive acoustic wave approach was found to be a safe, long‐lasting, and effective method for facial tightening. Lasers Surg. Med. 00:00–00, 2020. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC
Topical 0.5% Timolol Maleate Significantly Enhances Skin‐Barrier Restoration After Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser Treatment for Acne Scars
Authors: Kimwattananukul Kometh , Noppakun Nopadon , Asawanonda Pravit , Kumtornrut Chanat 
Published: November 2020

Background and ObjectivesSkin barrier is often compromised following ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser (AFCO2) therapy for acne scarring. The resultant downtime, even of a few days' duration, can be of significant concern to patients. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of topical 0.5% timolol maleate (TM) for its role in short‐term restoration of the skin's biophysical properties after laser treatments.Study Design/Materials and MethodsThis double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial included participants aged 18–50 years with atrophic acne scars for at least 3 months. After undergoing laser therapy, they applied 0.5% TM to one cheek and normal saline to the contralateral cheek (control) for 7 days. Corneometry, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurement, colorimetry, and clinical outcome parameters (erythema, edema, crusting, pruritus, and tightness scores) were evaluated at baseline and 48, 96, and 168 hours after AFCO2 treatment.ResultsTwenty‐five healthy participants completed the study. Most participants had Fitzpatrick skin phototype IV. The TM‐treated side showed statistically higher corneometry values and lower TEWL than the control side at every follow‐up visit (P < 0.001). The crusting score at 96 hours post‐AFCO2 treatment was also significantly better on the TM side. No adverse events occurred during the follow‐up period.ConclusionsApplication of topical 0.5% TM twice daily improves the skin‐barrier function and might promote re‐epithelialization after laser procedures. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC
Bilateral Pallidotomy for Dystonia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Centen Liesanne M. , Oterdoom D.L. Marinus , Tijssen Marina A.J. , Lesman‐Leegte Ivon , van Egmond Martje E. , van Dijk J. Marc C. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractStereotactic lesioning of the bilateral globus pallidus (GPi) was one of the first surgical treatments for medication‐refractory dystonia but has largely been abandoned in clinical practice after the introduction of deep brain stimulation (DBS). However, some patients with dystonia are not eligible for DBS. Therefore, we reviewed the efficacy, safety, and sustainability of bilateral pallidotomy by conducting a systematic review of individual patient data (IPD). Guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses and IPD were followed. In May 2020, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies reporting on outcome of bilateral pallidotomy for dystonia. If available, IPD were collected. In this systematic review, 100 patients from 33 articles were evaluated. Adverse events were reported in 20 patients (20%), of which 8 were permanent (8%). Pre‐and postoperative Burke‐Fahn‐Marsden Dystonia Rating Movement Scale scores were available for 53 patients. A clinically relevant improvement (>20%) of this score was found in 42 of 53 patients (79%). Twenty‐five patients with status dystonicus (SD) were described. In all but 2 the SD resolved after bilateral pallidotomy. Seven patients experienced a relapse of SD. Median‐reported follow‐up was 12 months (n = 83; range: 2–180 months). Based on the current literature, bilateral pallidotomy is an effective and relatively safe procedure for certain types of dystonia, particularly in medication‐refractory SD. Although due to publication bias the underreporting of negative outcomes is very likely, bilateral pallidotomy is a reasonable alternative to DBS in selected dystonia patients. © 2020 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Evaluating atmospheric icing forecasts with ground‐based ceilometer profiles
Authors: Hämäläinen Karoliina , Hirsikko Anne , Leskinen Ari , Komppula Mika , O'Connor Ewan J. , Niemelä Sami 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAtmospheric icing can cause severe damage and danger for many different sectors of society, and accurate forecasts of icing can help mitigate this. The aim of the study is to demonstrate how new ceilometer‐based icing observations can be used in icing model verification. The study focuses on icing in the lowest 2 km of the atmosphere. The lowest 400 m of the atmosphere is essential for wind energy production and electricity power lines, while the higher elevations are essential from the aviation point of view. For aviation, the most risky situations are take‐offs and landings. The ceilometer observations provide a new way to investigate atmospheric icing. Ceilometers provide vertical profiles of clouds which can be further processed in order to identify in‐cloud icing conditions. The new type of ceilometer‐based icing observations enables more detailed verification of icing forecasts both in the vertical and in terms of geographical location. Overall, the model shows good skill in predicting clear‐sky situations. The verification results show that the icing model performs better for inland areas than for coastal areas, which is attributed to the tendency of the model to forecast clouds, and in‐cloud icing, at higher altitudes than observed.
Urinary Biomarkers for Orange Juice Consumption
Authors: Saenger Theresa , Hübner Florian , Lindemann Viktoria , Ganswind Kristina , Humpf Hans‐Ulrich 
Published: November 2020

ScopeAs orange juice belongs to one of the most consumed juices worldwide, a human study is performed to identify urinary biomarkers for the consumption of orange juice in order to differentiate between low, medium, and high intake.Methods and ResultsThe 32 study participants abstained from citrus fruits, juices and products thereof, except for one portion of orange juice, for eight days. Throughout the study, spot urine samples are collected and quantitatively analyzed by high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS/MS) regarding their content of several potential biomarkers for orange juice intake after enzymatic treatment with β‐glucuronidase. Proline betaine is determined as a long‐term biomarker: based on its urinary excretion, orange juice consumption is traceable for at least 72 h after intake. Naringenin and hesperetin are identified as qualitative short‐term biomarkers. Synephrine sulfate also showed a fast increase and decrease in a semi‐quantitative approach. In the case of phloretin, no correlation between orange juice consumption and the urinary concentration is observed.ConclusionProline betaine is the most promising biomarker for orange juice consumption and allows to differentiate between low, medium, and high intake. Hesperetin and naringenin (as well as synephrine) are applicable as supporting biomarkers, whereas phloretin does not represent a reliable biomarker for orange juice consumption.
Reduced growth capacity of preimplantation mouse embryos in chronic unpredictable stress model
Authors: Zhao Xiaoli , Ma Ruihong , Zhang Xiaoyu , Cheng Rui , Jiang Nan , Guo Mengjia , Rong Beilei , Liu Yan , Chen Mingli , Feng Weihua , Xia Tian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPsychological stress can affect female reproduction by deteriorating oocyte quality, but the molecular mechanism is unclear. In this study, we used the chronic unpredictable stress model to study the effect of psychological stress on mouse oocyte competence during preimplantation stage, and RNA sequencing in single oocytes to analyze differential gene expression at the transcription level. Stress changed the serum levels of glucocorticoids and reduced oocyte developmental potential, depending on the strength of the stress. Strong stress (two stressors per day) reduced the fertilization rate and induced significant apoptosis in blastocysts. Moderate stress (one stressor per day) reduced the cleavage rate and blastocyst formation rate. Weak stress (one stressor every 2 days) did not have any significant negative effect on the fertilization, cleavage, and blastocyst formation. Hatching rate was not affected by stress, but stress retarded the development of the expanded blastocysts and inhibited the embryo development at early stages. Transcriptome analysis revealed that stress disturbed the expression of cell cycle regulators and apoptotic genes. The hub genes identified through protein‐protein interaction analysis include Msln, Ceacam12, Psg16, Psg17, and Psg23, which are all carcinoembryonic or related genes involved in cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration. Thus, stress was inhibitory on fertilization and early embryo development in mice.
Effectiveness of person‐ and family‐centred care transition interventions on patient‐ oriented outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Backman Chantal , Chartrand Julie , Crick Michelle , Devey Burry Robin , Dingwall Orvie , Shea Beverley 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimThe aim was to critically analyse the body of evidence regarding the effectiveness of PFCC transition interventions on the quality of care and the experience of patients.DesignWe conducted a systematic review using the Cochrane Handbook's guidelines and adhered to a standardized reporting format: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA).MethodsFour databases and grey literature were searched. Following a two‐step screening process, data from the eligible studies were extracted. Risk of bias and quality of the studies were also assessed. Narrative synthesis and vote counting were used for the data analysis.ResultsA total of 28 articles met our inclusion criteria. Interventions varied in regards to the extent of the PFCC focus and the comprehensiveness of the transition of care. Educating patients to promote self‐management was the most commonly included component and it was described in all 28 interventions.
Numerical solution of fractional partial differential equations via Haar wavelet
Authors: Zada Laique , Aziz Imran 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHaar wavelet collocation method is applied for the numerical solution of fractional partial differential equations. The proposed method is first applied to one‐dimensional fractional partial differential equations and then it is extended to higher‐dimensional fractional partial differential equations as well. Both time‐fractional as well as space–time‐fractional partial differential equations are considered. The fractional order derivatives involved are evaluated using the Caputo definition. The proposed method is semi‐analytic as it involves exact integration of Caputo derivative. The proposed method is widely applicable and robust. The method is tested upon several test problems. The results are computed and presented in the form of maximum absolute errors. The numerical tests confirm the accuracy, efficiency and simple applicability of the proposed method.
Revisiting gradient wind balance in tropical cyclones using dropsonde observations
Authors: García‐Franco Jorge L. , Schwendike Juliane 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis study diagnoses the degree of gradient wind balance (GWB) in dropsonde observations of 30 tropical cyclones (TCs) divided into 91 intense observation periods. The diagnosed GWB in these observation periods are composited to investigate which characteristics of a TC are significantly related to departures from GWB. This analysis confirms that on average the flow above the boundary layer is approximately in GWB. Supergradient flow is more common near the radius of maximum wind (RMW) in the upper boundary layer than above in the free troposphere or outside the RMW and is also more common in strong storms than in weak storms. In contrast, the degree of GWB does not differ between intensifying, steady‐state and weakening storms. Storms with a peaked wind profile have a higher probability of showing supergradient winds than those with a flat wind profile. The comparison of two commonly used functions to fit observations shows that the diagnosing GWB from dropsonde observations is highly dependent on the analysis technique. The agradient wind magnitude and even sign is shown to depend on which of these functions is used to fit the observations. The use of a polynomial fit consistently diagnoses the presence of supergradient winds far more frequently than a piece‐wise function, and also shows a marked degree of imbalance above the boundary layer. Therefore, caution is warranted when determining the degree of GWB with a polynomial fit.
Unique clinicopathological characteristics of pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma with part‐solid nodule
Authors: Iguchi Hideto , Murata Shin‐ichi , Kawago Mitsumasa , Hirai Yoshimitsu , Kojima Fumiyoshi , Nishimura Yoshiharu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractChest high‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) finding of part‐solid nodule (PSN) is related to pulmonary adenocarcinoma (AC) with lepidic growth. We recently experienced a pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) showing PSN pattern on HRCT. We present a 70‐year‐old man who had a small nodule with PSN pattern in the right lung field on HRCT. After clinical diagnosis of AC, lobectomy was performed. The tumour was pathologically diagnosed as SCC with lepidic growth. Histopathologically, the central area of the tumour showed keratinizing SCC, whereas the peripheral area revealed lepidic SCC cell growth between non‐neoplastic type II pneumocytes and alveolar basement membrane. On the basis of the present case and five from the literature, SCC with lepidic growth had the following clinical characteristics: peripheral location, early stage detection, clinical misdiagnosis as AC, less progression, and favourable prognosis. This case may be a special type of SCC with less progression and favourable prognosis.
Licensed shared access field trial and a testbed for satellite‐terrestrial communication including research directions for 5G and beyond
Authors: Höyhtyä Marko , Majanen Mikko , Hoppari Mika , Järvensivu Pertti , Kokkinen Heikki , Ojaniemi Jaakko , Reis‐Kivinen Arto , Pellay Olivier , Pham‐Minh Duc , Guta Maria 
Published: November 2020

SummaryThis paper describes a licensed shared access (LSA) testbed and field trials using a live network. The testbed includes real 4G base stations and up to 1000 virtual base stations, in the spectrum sharing scenario between satellite and cellular systems. The trials focus on 5G pioneer bands 3.4–3.8 GHz and 24.25–27.5 GHz where a satellite system is operating in the downlink direction and a cellular system is accessing the same band. The designed testbed supports both frequency bands. The performance evaluation concerns evacuation and frequency change times using different types of base stations in 3.6 GHz, that is, how fast the system relinquishes the shared band to the primary user and continues transmission using another band. We show that our LSA system is scalable and able to support large number of base stations. In addition, we investigate how satellite systems could reuse International Mobile Telecommunication (IMT) bands to offer enhanced satellite communication services for land, maritime, and aeronautical applications. Preliminary simulations and analysis confirm the possibility to reuse IMT spectrum for satellite systems without causing harmful interference to the terrestrial system.
Unmasking Arene Ruthenium Building Blocks
Authors: Therrien Bruno 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe have, like many others, contributed to the development and to the popularity of arene ruthenium assemblies. From early on, our research was driven by applications, mainly biological (therapeutic, drug delivery, DNA interactions, photodynamic therapy, imaging). For nearly 15 years, we have focused on the use of arene ruthenium building block as a tool to construct added‐value objects. In this account, we want to give the basic reasons behind our choice, and uncover our most successful examples, with an emphasis on the foreseen applications.