bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postmenopozal dönemin kadınlarda dental sağlık ve oral hijyen alışkanlıklarına etkisi
Authors: SOMAY Efsun , YILMAZ Büşra 
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Menopoz dönemi, kadınlarda genel etkilerinin yanı sıra ağız ve çevre dokularda bazı değişiklere neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, menopozun oral bölgedeki yıkıcı etkilerinin belirlenmesi ve en aza indirilmesi için postmenopozal dönemdeki bireyler ile sağlıklı bireyler karşılaştırılıp, tıp ve diş hekimlerinin gerekli önlemleri alarak hastaların hayat kalitesinin arttırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çeşitli dental şikayetler ile 2019-2020 yılları arasında diş kliniğine başvurmuş 30 yaşından büyük, 60’ı postmenopozal dönemde (postmenopoz grubu) ve 60’ı menstrual siklusu devam eden (kontrol grubu) toplam 120 kadın hastaya ait klinik muayene kayıtları ve panoramik filmler incelenerek sosyodemografik ve dental bulgular kaydedilmiştir.
Bulgular: Menopoz varlığı ile eksik diş sayısı ve lezyonlu diş sayısı arasında anlamlı ilişki bulundu. Postmenopoz grubunda bifosfonat kullanan hasta oranı düşüktü ve bu grupta kontrol grubuna göre çürük diş sayısı, alveolar kemik kaybı daha yüksek oranda belirlendi.
Sonuç: Postmenopoz grubunda oral hijyen alışkanlıklarının yetersiz olduğu ve dental problemlerin daha fazla olduğu gözlendi. Bu durumun önlenmesi için tıp ve diş hekimlerinin senkronize çalışmasına ve kadın ağız sağlığı hakkında daha fazla klinik araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Higher serum Endocan levels are involved in the pathophysiology of chronic venous insufficiency
Authors: DOĞDUŞ Mustafa , KOÇ Aydın 
Published: December 2020

Aim: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a common but neglected pathology of the cardiovascular system with high diagnosis and treatment costs and negative effects on patients' quality of life. Endocan is a dermatan sulfate proteoglycan and secreted by activated vascular endothelium. We hypothesized that higher Endocan levels may be associated with the pathophysiology of CVI. Thus, in the current study, we aimed to assess the relationship between serum Endocan levels and CVI.
Materials and Methods: Forty-four patients with CVI and 50 age- and gender- matched subjects were enrolled into the study. The baseline clinical characteristics of the patients were obtained and serum Endocan levels were calculated.
Results: The mean Endocan level and mean triglyceride (TG) level were significantly higher in the CVI (+) group compared to the CVI (-) group (p
Studi Komparasi Kualitas Handsoap Esktrak Daun Sirih Hiaju (Piper betle Linn), Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) dan Daun Sirih Cina (Peperomia pellucida)
Authors: Hasanah Herza Meiliya Mi'atul , Yahdi Yahdi , Dewi Yuli Kusuma 
Published: December 2020

Disentri atau diare merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh adanya mikroba atau bakteri yang menginfeksi saluran pencernaan manusia dengan cara masuk ke dalam tubuh bersamaan dengan makananan yang masuk ke dalam tubuh. Salah satu bakteri itu adalah bakteri Escherichia coli yang ditemukan bersarang pada tangan yang kurang bersih atau kotor. Hal ini dapat dicegah dengan mencuci tangan dengan sabun. Alternatif sabun yang digunakan dapat memanfaatkan bahan alami seperti daun sirih hijau, daun sirih merah atau daun sirih cina sebagai bahan utamanya. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbandingan kualitas handsoap ekstrak daun sirih hijau, daun sirih merah dan daun sirih cina. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan variasi empat perlakuan yakni handsoap tanpa ekstrak sebagai kontrol, handsoap daun sirih hijau, handsoap daun sirih merah dan handsoap daun sirih cina. Adapun kualitas handsoap yang akan diuji antara lain: uji organoleptik, pH, daya busa, viskositas dan antibakteri. Hasil terbaik untuk uji organoleptik, pH dan viskositas terletak pada handsoap ekstrak daun sirih cina yaitu mencapai skor berturut-turut 4.25; 8.28 dan 9998.77 cps, sedangkan pada uji daya busa dan antibakteri terletak pada handsoap ekstrak daun sirih hijau yaitu dengan nilai berturut-turut 77.50 mm dan 17.50 mm.
THE COMPATIBILITY OF MODEL FOR LOW SHEAR FLOW ANALYSIS IN DEVELOPING PLASTICIZED HTPB-BASED BINDER
Authors: Restasari Afni , Abdillah Luthfia Hajar , Ardianingsih Retno , Wicaksono Bagus , Budi Rika Suwana 
Published: December 2020

In developing flow behavior of plasticized prepolymer as liquid content of composite solid propellant, zero shear viscosity (ZSV) is a critical parameter that Goh-Wan equation is developed to model it recently [1]. Thus, this work aims to analyze the compatibility of the Goh-Wan equation toward the liquid content of propellant, characterize it, and determine the limit. In this work, a varied flow behavior index was obtained by using Hydroxy terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) and HTPB-DOA (Dioctyl adipate) system with the variable of its concentration, pre-heating, and pre-stirring methods as samples. Viscosity was measured at 2, 3, 4, and 5 rpm by using the disc spindle of Brookfield viscometer. For the minimum shear-rate investigation, as a limit of compatibility, other three sets of shear rates are applied, which are 0.6 – 5 rpm, 1 – 5 rpm, and 1,5 – 5 rpm. By functioning Goh-Wan equation (model 1) and Power-Law (model 2), a model was categorized as compatible if yields lower value of ZSV than the first experimental measured viscosity (η1st). Characterization was determined by a graph of plotting percentage difference of ZSV obtained from models 1 and 2 towards the index of flow behavior. The 3% of the difference between ZSV obtained from model 1 and η1st was set to be a minimum value for a set of applied shear-rate to be acceptable. It is reported that the Goh-Wan model is compatible with the liquid content of propellant and characterized by a perfect linear correlation. It is also found that a minimum applied shear rate of 1.5 rpm is acceptable for model compatibility.
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN TUMBUH KEMBANG SISWA TK MENGGUNAKAN METODE BEYOND CENTER And CIRCLE TIME (BCCT) DAN MATRIK SWOT IFAS DAN EFAS
Authors: Wati Rayuwati Ayu 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRAK Didalam Pendidikan taman kanak-kank (TK) seorang guru harus mampu mengarahkan anak didiknya dan memacunya untuk belajar mengenal berbagai pendekatan nilai diantaranya: agama, sosial, emosi, motorik, kognitif, bahasa, seni dan kemandirian untuk mengetahui tumbuh kembang anak usia 5-6 tahun . dengan Sistem Pendukung keputusan akan mempermudah guru Tk dalam mengambil keputusan tentang tumbuh kembang anak dengan menggunakan metode Beyond Centers and Circle Time (BCCT) dengan perhitungan Matrik Swot IFAS dan EFAS Kata Kunci : SPK, tumbuh kembang anak, BCCT,Matrik Swot IFAS dan EFAS
Assessment of protein-protein interfaces in cryo-EM derived assemblies
Authors: Malhotra Sony , Joseph Agnel , Thiyagalingam Jeyan , Topf Maya 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Structures of macromolecular assemblies derived from cryo-EM maps often contain errors that become more abundant with decreasing resolution. Despite efforts in the cryo-EM community to develop metrics for the map and atomistic model validation, thus far, no specific scoring metrics have been applied systematically to assess the interface between the assembly subunits. Here, we have assessed protein-protein interfaces in macromolecular assemblies derived by cryo-EM. To this end, we developed PI-score, a density-independent machine learning-based metric, trained using protein-protein interfaces’ features in high-resolution crystal structures. Using PI-score, we were able to identify errors at interfaces in the PDB-deposited cryo-EM structures (including SARS-CoV-2 complexes) and in the models submitted for cryo-EM targets in CASP13 and the EM model challenge. Some of the identified errors, especially at medium-to-low resolution structures, were not captured by density-based assessment scores. Our method can therefore provide a powerful complementary assessment tool for the increasing number of complexes solved by cryo-EM.
Modeling Transcriptional Regulation Using Gene Regulatory Networks Based on Multi-Omics Data Sources
Authors: Patel Neel , Bush William 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTranscriptional regulation is complex, requiring multiple cis(local) and trans acting mechanisms working in concert to drive gene expression, with disruption of these processes linked to multiple diseases. Previous computational attempts to understand the influence of regulatory mechanisms on gene expression have used prediction models containing input features derived from cis regulatory factors. However, local chromatin looping and trans-acting mechanisms are known to also influence transcriptional regulation, and their inclusion may improve model accuracy and interpretation. ResultsWe describe a computational framework to model gene expression for GM12878 and K562 cell lines. This framework weights the impact of transcription factor-based regulatory data using multi-omics gene regulatory networks to account for both cis and trans acting mechanisms, and the local chromatin context. These prediction models perform significantly better compared to models containing cis-regulatory features alone. Models that additionally integrate long distance chromatin interactions (or chromatin looping) between distal transcription factor binding regions and gene promoters also show improved accuracy. As a demonstration of their utility, effect estimates from these models were used to weight cis-regulatory rare variants for SKAT(sequence kernel association test) analyses of gene expression. ConclusionsOur models generate refined effect estimates for individual transcription factors, allow characterization of their roles across the genome, and provide a framework for integrating multiple data types into a single model of transcriptional regulation.
Utilization And Effectiveness Of Malaria Prevention Methods Among Pregnant Women In A Rural Community Of Ekiti State, South West Nigeria : A Cross- Sectional Study.
Authors: Ibrahim Azeez , Agbesanwa Tosin , Shabi Olabode , Ariyibi Kayode , Alabi Ayodele , Omonijo Oluwatosin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: National surveys indicate that among countries in Africa where malaria is endemic, Nigeria alone accounts for 21% of pregnancies that are unprotected from malaria. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the extent of utilization and effectiveness of malaria prevention methods, to find out the existing relationship between maternal parasitaemia and the effectiveness of these methods at (p<0.05) level of significance.Methods: The study was a cross sectional survey involving 264 consenting booked pregnant women who were recruited from antenatal clinic at Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido -Ekiti, Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigerian. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used to elicit information on the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, mode of malaria prevention, extent of utilization of malaria prevention methods and their effectiveness. Venous blood samples for malaria parasite test were collected and microscopic analysis was done to detect the malaria parasite in the obtained blood samples. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0Results: All the 264 pregnant women interviewed, consented to having their blood taken. In rank order, the mode of malaria prevention methods most commonly reported as being effective were Intermittent Preventive Treatment using sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPT-sp) which was favored by majority 190 (72.0%). This was followed by Insecticide Spray 166 (62.9%). Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) were the least utilized by 108 (40.9%) respondents. Nine (8.3%) of the 108 participants that used ITNs, 15 (7.9%) of the 190 participants that used IPT-s and 18 (10.8%) of the 156 participants that used Insecticide Spray tested positive for malaria respectively. There was a statistically significant association between maternal parasitaemia and malaria prevention methods using ITNs (p=0.001), IPT-sp (p = 0.001) and Insecticide sprays (p = 0.001).Conclusion: The three malaria preventive methods adopted for this study were ITNs, IPT-sp and Insecticide Spray. Despite their protective effectiveness, their utilizations are still poor. Information and communication strategies with other concerted efforts by the stakeholders are suggested to ensure proper implementation of the national policy on malaria as adopted by other countries.
Reproducing Solar Spectral Irradiance by LEDs
Authors: Kopatsch Anton , Kary Peter , Özden Mustafa , Albert Andreas , Ghirardo Andrea , Winkler Jana , Seckmeyer Gunther , Schnitzler Jörg-Peter 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The development of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of different emission spectra is revolutionizing lighting technology and opening up completely new applications and research areas. The spectral irradiance of the sun reaching the Earth's surface is very complex due to radiative transfer processes within the atmosphere and ranges from the shortwave ultraviolet (UV) to longwave infrared (IR) radiation. The simulation of this spectral irradiance by artificial light sources is technically very demanding. It could be realized sufficiently so far by a combination of different light sources, mostly light bulbs, metal halide lamps and fluorescent tubes, in combination of different filters. In the present work, we are presenting a new LED Sun Simulator system, which allows simulating spectral irradiance close to natural solar spectral irradiance from 360 to 800 nm. The system generates the spectral irradiance by a combination of 23 different types of LED. The irradiance of each of the 23 different LED types can be separately controlled by software to modulate the spectra. In total, the system comprises 2,530 high-power LEDs mounted on 100 printed circuit boards (PCBs) / aluminum boards. With this system, an experimental area of one square meter can be homogeneously irradiated (irradiance with a mean variability of 2 % in the integrated range of 360 nm - 800 nm) at the distance of 1.6 m simulating the spectral irradiance of the standard reference spectrum of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM G173-03). At maximum, the LED lighting field can reach an irradiance of 2,500 W m-2, which is more than twice than that of the brightest sunlight in Central Europe. Thus, the new system opens up multiple new applications in many research areas ranging from photobiology to human health and environmental and material sciences.
Biofilm Associated Genotypes of Multiple Antibiotic Resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Authors: Redfern James , Wallace Janine , Belkum Alex van , Jaillard Magali , Whittard Elliot , Ragupathy Roobinidevi , Verran Joanna , Kelly Peter , Enright Mark Charles 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous environmental microorganism and also a common cause of infection. Its ability to survive in many different environments and persistently colonize humans is linked to its presence in biofilms formed on indwelling device surfaces. Biofilm promotes adhesion to, and survival on surfaces, protects from desiccation and the actions of antibiotics and disinfectants. ResultsWe examined the genetic basis for biofilm production on polystyrene at room (22°C) and body temperature (37°C) within 280 P. aeruginosa. 69% of isolates (n=193) produced more biofilm at 22°C, whilst those producing more biofilm at 37°C had reduced genetic diversity. Using GWAS and pan-GWAS, we found a number of accessory genes significantly associated with this phenotype. Many of these are present on a 165kb region containing genes for heavy metal resistance (arsenic, copper, mercury and cadmium) transcriptional regulators and methytransferases. We also discovered multiple core genome SNPs in the A-type flagellin gene and Type II secretion system gene xpsD. Analysis of biofilm production of isolates of the MDR ST111 and ST235 lineages on stainless-steel revealed several accessory genes associated with enhanced biofilm production. These include a putative translocase with homology to a Helicobacter pylori type IV secretion system protein, a TA system II toxin gene and the alginate biosynthesis gene algA, several transcriptional regulators and methytransferases as well as core SNPs in genes involved in quorum sensing and protein translocation. ConclusionsGWAS and pan-GWAS approaches have great potential as a first step in characterizing the genetic basis of novel bacterial phenotypes.
Mitigation of Alzheimer’s Disease Neuropathologies by Human Neural Stem Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Apodaca Lauren A , Baddour Al Anoud D , Garcia Camilo , Alikhani Leila , Giedzinski Erich , Ru Ning , Agrawal Anshu , Acharya Munjal M , Baulch Janet 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Regenerative therapies to mitigate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) neuropathology have shown very limited success. In the recent era, extracellular vesicles (EV) derived from multipotent and pluripotent stem cells have shown considerable promise for the treatment of dementia and many neurodegenerative conditions. Methods: Using the 5xFAD accelerated transgenic mouse model of AD, we now show the regenerative potential of human neural stem cell (hNSC)-derived EV on the neurocognitive and neuropathologic outcomes in the AD brain. Two or six-month-old 5xFAD mice received single or two intra-venous (retro-orbital vein, RO) injections of hNSC-derived EV, respectively.Results: RO treatment using hNSC-derived EV restored fear extinction memory consolidation and reduced anxiety-related behaviors 4-6 weeks post-injection. EV treatment also significantly reduced dense core amyloid-beta plaque accumulation and microglial activation in both age groups. These results correlated with partial restoration of homeostatic levels of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines in the AD mice. Importantly, EV treatment protected against synaptic loss in the AD brain that paralleled improved cognition. MiRNA analysis of the EV cargo revealed promising candidates targeting neuroinflammation and synaptic function. Conclusions: Collectively, these data demonstrate the neuroprotective effects of systemic administration of stem cell-derived EV for remediation of behavioral and molecular AD neuropathologies.
Oil carbon intensity impacts of COVID-19 and other short-term demand shocks
Authors: Brandt Adam , Masnadi Mohammad S. , Benini Giacomo , Milivinti Alice , Anderson James , Wallington Timothy , De Kleine Robert , Dotti Valerio , Jochem Patrick , El-Houjeiri Hassan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Oil production choices are influenced by the interaction of oilfield production costs and the global price of oil. What are the characteristics of less economic oilfields, fields whose profitably is at the margin? These oilfields may differ from average fields in terms of geographical location, crude type, production practices, and carbon intensity (CI). Because these economically-marginal fields are the ones likely to respond to drop in demand (e.g., due to 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, or a rapid shift to alternatives), they represent the likely sources of oil that would be displaced. The present paper links the field-by-field costs of 1933 oilfields (representing ~ 90% of 2015 worldwide crude production) with their production environmental footprint. We show that many marginal fields also have high CI. We estimate that the fields at margin due to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic demand reduction have upstream CI and marginal cost of production ~ 35% and 3 times higher than global average, respectively. The production termination of these fields could result in 181 Mtonne CO2Eq. annual reduction in upstream emissions in the short-term. The marginal producers in a generic small demand shock (5% or ~ 3.6 mmbbl/d drop) have an upstream CI 26% higher than average global oil producers, and at our larger generic demand shock (20% or ~ 14.3 mmbbl/d drop) have CI that is 5% higher than average. Heavy oilfields have the highest volume share in marginal crudes in all scenarios. These results further suggest that life cycle benefits of alternative fuels or vehicles or regulations that lead to reduced oil consumption are systematically larger than those typically estimated when displaced emissions are modeled using average crudes. The results only cover the upstream production CI and do not include synergistic impacts of differences in refining CI of different types of crudes, and thus could underestimate the total life cycle differences between marginal and average crudes.
ZnO Nanoparticle-based Seed Priming Modulates Early Growth and Enhances Physio-biochemical and Metabolic Profiles of Fragrant Rice Against Cadmium Toxicity
Authors: Li Yuzhan , Liang Luxin , Li Wu , Ashraf Umair , Ma Lin , Tang Xiangru , Pan Shenggang , Tian Hua , Mo Zhaowen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Cadmium (Cd) is among the most toxic heavy metals that severely affects crop growth, and in this purview numerous recent research initiatives have focused on the application of nanoparticles (NPs) to negate the toxic effects of heavy metals such as Cd. Method: In the present study, the seeds of two fragrant rice cultivars, namely Yuxiangyouzhan and Xiangyaxiangzhan, were grown after exposure to four ZnO NPs treatment (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg L-1), with or without the presence of Cd (100 mg L-1). Result: The results revealed that priming seeds with ZnO NPs had no significant effect on the seed germination (p > 0.05) however, it substantially improved the seedling growth and other related physiological attributes under the Cd stress. The mean fresh weight of the shoot, and whole seedling increased after ZnO NPs treatment by 16.92%-27.88% and 12.82-33.58%, respectively. The fresh weight of root, length of the shoot, and the root increased after ZnO NPs treatment. Moreover, remarkable changes in the physiological response of seedlings under ZnO NPs treatment were detected. The metabolomic analysis was performed to discern the underlying regulation of the metabolisms after ZnO NPs treatment for seedlings under Cd stress. Conclusion: Our findings provide new insight into the influence of ZnO NPs on seed germination, and the growth of crop plants, and may find potential applications in developing crop resilience in Cd laden agricultural lands.
A Sonosensitizer-based Polymeric Nanoplatform for Realizing Chemo-sonodynamic Combination Therapy of Lung Cancer&nbsp;
Authors: Zhang Yanan , Khan Abdur Rauf , Yang Xiaoye , Shi Yikang , Zhao Xiaogang , Zhai Guangxi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLung cancer was regarded as the most common type of tumors worldwide, and the relative lethality was considerably high. However, since the tumor tissues located in deeper parts in human bodies, the traditional technologies like photodynamic therapy could not reached desired effect. Sonosensitizers can induce sonodynamic therapy, possessing the benefits of deep penetration and effective tumor inhibition by generating reactive oxygen. Besides, ultrasound possessed the ability of deep penetration, which showed favorable tumor inhibition effect.ResultsA redox/enzyme/ultrasound responsive Rhein-chondroitin sulfate nano-preparation encapsulating docetaxel was initially fabricated. The nanoparticles show increased cellular uptake with quick drug release, revealing good stability and monodispersed form in physiological environment. Also, Rhein could induce apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential change, enhancing the expression of apoptosis-related protein. Further, the inhibited metastasis and angiogenesis of cancer cells by sonodynamic therapy would lead to reduced expression of M2 type macrophages.ConclusionRhein was firstly discovered to possess the sonodynamic effect in this work by generating plenty of reactive oxygen after treating by ultrasound. The nanoplatform enhanced synergistic anti-tumor effect by both sonodynamic therapy and chemotherapeutic efficacy, and showed benign biocompatibility, which might pave a way for the investigation of chemo-sonodynamic therapy with different cancers.