bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal-mechanical reliability analysis of WLP with fine-pitch copper post bumps
Authors: Sun Haiyan , Gao Bo , Zhao Jicong 
Published: October 2020

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the several parameters in wafer-level packaging (WLP) to find the most critical factor impacting the thermal fatigue life, such as the height of copper post, the height of solder bump, the thickness of chip. The FEA results indicate the height of solder bumps is the most important factor in the whole structure.

Design/methodology/approach
The copper post bumps with 65 µm pitch are proposed to investigate the thermal-mechanical performance of WLP. The thermal cycle simulation is used to evaluate the reliability of WLP by using finite element analysis (FEA). Taguchi method is adopted to obtain the sensitivity of parameters of three-dimension finite element model, for an optimized configuration.

Findings
It can be found that the optimal design has increased thermal fatigue life by 147% compared with the original one.

Originality/value
It is concluded that the finite element simulation results show outstanding thermal-mechanical performances of the proposed 65 µm pitch copper post bumps of WLP, including low plastic strain, high thermal fatigue life, which are desired for mobile device.
Water‐flooding and consolidation of reservoir chalk – effect on porosity and Biot's coefficient
Authors: Gram Tobias B. , Ditlevsen Frederik P. , Mosegaard Klaus , Fabricius Ida L. 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTImproved oil recovery from chalk reservoirs by water‐flooding may cause mechanical weakening and change in elasticity. Confined compressive strength testing of chalk from a North Sea reservoir was done in water‐saturated and oil‐saturated conditions. During testing, elastic wave velocities were sampled by ultrasonic transducers, so that subsequently Biot's coefficient could be modelled. The porosity declined via an ‘elastic phase’, a ‘transitional phase’, an ‘elastoplastic phase’ and a ‘strain hardening phase’, but Biot's coefficient indicates that these terms may be partly misleading. In the ‘elastic phase’, porosity and Biot's coefficient decrease, indicating elastoplastic deformation. In the ‘transitional phase’, Biot's coefficient increases as a reflection of breaking contact cement (pore collapse), whereas Biot's coefficient remains stable in the ‘elastoplastic phase’, indicating elastic deformation on the virgin curve. Plastic deformation takes place during phases of creep, where both porosity and Biot's coefficient decrease. Similarly, in the ‘strain hardening phase’, both porosity and Biot's coefficient decrease as a reflection of elastoplastic deformation. For chalk with 45%–47% porosity, the ‘transitional phase’ begins at 8 MPa axial stress when water‐saturated and at 12 MPa when oil‐saturated. For chalk with 41%–43% porosity, the corresponding stresses are 16 and 20 MPa. For chalk with 32%–36% porosity, the corresponding stresses are 23 and 31 MPa. Chalk samples with irreducible water saturation and movable oil were water‐flooded. They yield at stresses close to corresponding oil‐saturated samples, but after flooding show compaction trends not significantly different from the water‐saturated samples. Water‐flooding promotes pore collapse as reflected in an increasing Biot's coefficient. The consequent softening effect on acoustic impedance is small as compared with the effect of increasing fluid density. With respect to 4D seismic, water‐flooding causes distinctly higher acoustic impedance and Poisson's ratio irrespective of compaction.
nir gene‐based co‐occurrence patterns reveal assembly mechanisms of soil denitrifiers in response to fire
Authors: Goberna Marta , Donat Santiago , Pérez‐Valera Eduardo , Hallin Sara , Verdú Miguel 
Published: October 2020

SummaryDenitrification causes nitrogen losses from terrestrial ecosystems. The magnitude of nitrogen loss depends on the prevalence of denitrifiers, which show ecological differences if they harbour nirS or nirK genes encoding nitrite reductases with the same biological function. Thus, it is relevant to understand the mechanisms of co‐existence of denitrifiers, including their response to environmental filters and competition due to niche similarities. We propose a framework to analyse the co‐existence of denitrifiers across multiple assemblages by using nir gene‐based co‐occurrence networks. We applied it in Mediterranean soils before and during 1 year after an experimental fire. Burning did not modify nir community structure, but significantly impacted co‐occurrence patterns. Bacteria with the same nir co‐occurred in space, and those with different nir excluded each other, reflecting niche requirements: nirS abundance responded to nitrate and salinity, whereas nirK to iron content. Prior to fire, mutual exclusion between bacteria with the same nir suggested competition due to niche similarities. Burning provoked an immediate rise in mineral nitrogen and erased the signals of competition, which emerged again within days as nir abundances peaked. nir co‐occurrence patterns can help infer the assembly mechanisms of denitrifying communities, which control nitrogen losses in the face of ecological disturbance.
What happens to diversity at work in the context of a toxic triangle? Accounting for the gap between discourses and practices of diversity management
Authors: Küskü Fatma , Aracı Özlem , Özbilgin Mustafa F. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWith liberalization, the responsibility for the management of diversity has shifted internationally from the state to organizations. Countries that are prepared for this transition have developed legal measures and supportive discourses to hold organizations responsible for diversity. We provide evidence from a country that has not undertaken such a transition and has neither protective laws nor supportive arguments for diversity. Drawing on a survey with 792 employees from Turkey, our field study examines the awareness and embeddedness of diversity, by considering the gap between discourses and diversity practices in organizations. In this study, we introduce the concept of the toxic triangle, which includes (a) hyper‐deregulation of diversity, where the legal measures of equality are absent, (b) voluntarism without responsibilization of organizations, and (c) lack of supportive discourses for diversity. Our study shows that diversity is left unattended in the context of a toxic triangle.
Incidental finding of ileal gastrointestinal stromal tumour during prostate cancer staging with prostate‐specific membrane antigen scan
Authors: Lee Daniel Jia Wei , Warner Michael , Shannon Thomas , Moschilla Jerry 
Published: October 2020

SummaryProstate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is used in managing and staging prostate cancer, but can identify other non‐prostate pathology. We present the first reported case where small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) has been incidentally identified on PSMA‐PET scan and highlight the need for awareness of other pathology being identified on PSMA‐PET/CT.
Imaging of temporomandibular disorder and its mimics
Authors: Whyte Andy , Phoon Nguyen Amanda , Boeddinghaus Rudolf , Balasubramaniam Ramesh 
Published: October 2020

SummaryTemporomandibular disorders are common, especially in young to middle‐aged women, and most settle with supportive treatment. MRI is the accepted reference standard for the evaluation of the temporomandibular joint and is indicated when significant internal derangement is suspected, in those who do not respond to conservative management and when the diagnosis is no doubt. Multiple pathological processes involving the temporal bone, upper pharynx and neck can mimic temporomandibular disorder secondary to anatomical proximity and referred pain related to shared sensory innervation.
Use of foot snares to capture large felids
Authors: de Araujo Gediendson Ribeiro , de Deco‐Souza Thyara , Morato Ronaldo Gonçalves , Crawshaw Peter G. , da Silva Leanes Cruz , Jorge‐Neto Pedro Nacib , Csermak‐Jr Antônio Carlos , Bergo Letícia C. F. , Kantek Daniel Luis Zanella , Miyazaki Selma Samiko , Beisiegel Beatriz de Mello , Tortato Fernando Rodrigo , May‐Junior Joares Adenilson , da Silva Maitê Cardoso Coelho , Leuzinger Lucas , Salomão‐Jr Jorge Aparecido , de Paula Tarcizio Antônio Rego 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

The study of free‐living felids requires the capture of individuals from the wild to collect biological samples and to equip them with GPS‐satellite collars for telemetry monitoring. The traditional methods used by researchers to capture wild felids are box traps and trained hounds, both of which have disadvantages.

We present the description of the foot snare and the adaptations required for the capture of jaguars and cougars, showing its efficiency.

The foot snare consists of a combination of structures. It is composed of a thrower system, which is responsible for closing the steel cable noose on the paw of the animal; a holding system, which is responsible for securing the animal safely, after stepping into the trap; and a monitoring system, consisting of a VHF transmitter that allows remote monitoring of the snares. The snares are set on trails and roads according to the presence of tracks, scats and other evidence indicating use by the two species of large felids or as determined by monitoring camera traps.

Thirty jaguars (16 females and 14 males) and six cougars (all males) were captured. Three jaguars in the Pantanal were captured more than once, therefore totalling 34 capture events. Snares have been demonstrated to be a safe and efficient method to capture these felids.
Defining and evaluating predictions of joint species distribution models
Authors: Wilkinson David P. , Golding Nick , Guillera‐Arroita Gurutzeta , Tingley Reid , McCarthy Michael A. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Joint species distribution models (JSDMs) simultaneously model the distributions of multiple species, while accounting for residual co‐occurrence patterns. Despite increasing adoption of JSDMs in the literature, the question of how to define and evaluate JSDM predictions has only begun to be explored.

We define four different JSDM prediction types that correspond to different aspects of species distribution and community assemblage processes. Marginal predictions are environment‐only predictions akin to predictions from single‐species models; joint predictions simultaneously predict entire community assemblages; and conditional marginal and conditional joint predictions are made at the species or assemblage level, conditional on the known occurrence state of one or more species at a site. We define five different classes of metrics that can be used to evaluate these types of predictions: threshold‐dependent, threshold‐independent, community dissimilarity, species richness and likelihood metrics.

We illustrate different prediction types and evaluation metrics using a case study in which we fit a JSDM to a frog occurrence dataset collected in Melbourne, Australia.

Joint species distribution models present opportunities to investigate the facets of species distribution and community assemblage processes that are not possible to explore with single‐species models. We show that there are a variety of different metrics available to evaluate JSDM predictions, and that choice of prediction type and evaluation metric should closely match the questions being investigated.
An interRAI‐derived frailty index is associated with prior hospitalisations in older adults residing in retirement villages
Authors: Bloomfield Katherine , Wu Zhenqiang , Tatton Annie , Calvert Cheryl , Peel Nancye , Hubbard Ruth , Jamieson Hamish , Hikaka Joanna , Boyd Michal , Bramley Dale , Connolly Martin J 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo develop and validate a frailty index (FI) from interRAI‐Community Health Assessments (CHA) on older adults in retirement villages (RVs).MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional analysis of a current RV research study. A FI was generated using the cumulative deficit model. Health‐care utilisation measures were acute, and all, hospitalisations 12 months before baseline assessment. Associations between FI and hospitalisations were explored using multivariable logistic regression to estimate odds ratio (OR).ResultsOf 577 included residents, mean (SD) age was 81 (7) and 419 (73%) were female. Mean (SD) FI was 0.16 (0.09); 260 (45%) were mildly frail, and 108 (19%) moderate‐severely frail. In multivariate‐adjusted analysis, odds of acute hospitalisation for mild (OR = 3.3, P < .001) and moderate‐severely frail (OR = 6.4, P < .001) were significantly higher than fit residents. Higher odds were also observed for all hospitalisations.ConclusionA considerable proportion of RV residents were moderately‐severely frail. FI was associated with acute and all hospitalisations.
Scary Mask/Local Protector: The Curious History of Jero Amerika
Authors: Kendall Laurel , Ariati Ni Wayan Pasek 
Published: October 2020

Summary“Jero Amerika,” a mask/tutelary god, protects the people of Ubud, a former kingdom of Bali, Indonesia, and today a tourist mecca. Jero Amerika operates within the logic of empowered Balinese temple masks, but Jero Amerika is also eccentric. Returned to Bali from abroad after uncanny events, the mask makes remarkable appearances during temple festivals and in stories that circulate by word of mouth and via media old and new. Jero Amerika’s activities encourage us to regard ontologies, as with all social and material phenomena, as fluid and malleable in their unfolding encounters with changing circumstance.
Antihero Care: On Fieldwork and Anthropology
Authors: Yates‐Doerr Emily 
Published: October 2020

Summary“Antihero care” offers an approach to anthropology that emphasizes the importance of fallibility over mastery and social connections over individually acquired knowledge. I draw together Le Guin’sCarrier Bag Theory of Fictionand Mol, Pols, and Moser’sCare in Practiceto analyze the challenge of carrying out fieldwork with my children in highland Guatemala. I describe how an everyday accident led me to refuse the “killer story” of the hero and to instead embrace a script that emphasized dependency and incompletion. In my case, antihero care has changed the way I engage with holism and biomedicine in my research and writing. More broadly, reframing limitations on knowledge as a strength—not a drawback—of the discipline usefully unsettles the boundaries between fieldwork and care work.
Guideline for referring short or tall children in preventive child health care
Authors: van Dommelen Paula , van Zoonen Renate , Vlasblom Eline , Wit Jan M. , Beltman Maaike ,   the Expert Committee
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo develop a guideline for preventive child healthcare professionals in order to improve early detection of pathological disorders associated with short stature (or growth faltering) or tall stature (or accelerated growth).MethodsWe updated the previous Dutch guideline for short stature in children aged 0‐9 years and extended it to adolescents (10‐17 years), and added a guideline for tall stature, based on literature and input from an expert committee. Specificities were calculated in a cohort of healthy Dutch children aged 0‐9 years (n = 970). We investigated the impact of a late onset of puberty on height standard deviation score based on the Dutch growth charts.ResultsGrowth parameters of the guideline include height, the distance between height and target height and change of height over time. Other parameters include diagnostic clues from medical history and physical examination, for example behavioural problems, precocious or delayed puberty, body disproportion and dysmorphic features.ConclusionPreventive child healthcare professionals now have an updated guideline for referring short or tall children to specialist care. Further research is needed on the diagnostic yield after referral and specificity at field level.
Comorbidity of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Jasser‐Nitsche Hildegard , Bechtold‐Dalla Pozza Susanne , Binder Elisabeth , Bollow Esther , Heidtmann Bettina , Lee‐Barkley Young Hee , Raile Klemens , de Sousa Gideon , Schramm Ursula , Holl Reinhard W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimTo determine the prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and to characterise patients with both diseases.MethodsData of 65.147 patients with T1D ≤18 years of 379 centres in Germany and Austria participating in the DPV initiative were analysed. A total of 63 children had comorbid IBD; IBD prevalence was 0.1%. Regression models were used to analyse differences in metabolic control, acute complications and steroid intake.ResultsMean BMI‐SDS in patients with T1D and IBD was lower (−0.15 ± 0.11) compared to patients with T1D only (0.27 ± 0.00, p < .001). Patients with T1D and IBD had a significantly higher use of steroids (22% ± 0.05% vs. 1% ± 0.00, p < .001) and a significantly higher rate of severe hypoglycaemic events per patient year (0.33 ± 0.07 vs. 0.16 ± 0.00, p = .001). No differences were found in HbA1c levels, insulin dose and occurrence of DKA.ConclusionAlthough children and adolescents with T1D and IBD take steroids more often, they suffer from severe hypoglycaemia more frequently and have a lower BMI‐SDS. These findings might be explained by chronic intestinal inflammation leading to malabsorption, malnutrition and increased severe hypoglycaemia.
Association of risk factors and bleeding complications in Asian patients taking edoxaban
Authors: Lee Ok Sang , Kim Woorim , Jang Bo Min , Min Kyung Hyun , Cho Yoon Sook , Lee Myung Koo , Lee Kyung Eun 
Published: October 2020

AimsAsian patients are known to be more prone to bleeding complications than patients of other ethnicities. Therefore, there are possibilities of other risk factors that should be given special consideration for dosage adjustment in this specific ethnic group. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for bleeding complications in Asian patients under appropriate edoxaban dosage regimens.MethodsData on patients taking proper dosages, based on the Lixiana package insert, were analysed. Univariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to evaluate associations between risk factors and bleeding outcomes. Subgroup analysis was performed on high‐risk patients for bleeding complications whose edoxaban dose was reduced according to the package insert.ResultsIn total, 346 patients were included. Among them, 32 patients experienced bleeding complications. Patients with weight ≤60 kg and with cancer showed around 3.3‐ and 3.4‐fold increased risk of bleeding complications compared to heavier patients (>60 kg) and those without cancer, respectively. In subgroup analysis with high‐risk patients who took low‐dose edoxaban (15 and 30 mg), weight ≤60 kg remained a significant factor for bleeding outcomes.ConclusionThis study showed that weight ≤60 kg and the presence of cancers could affect bleeding complications, which occurred despite proper edoxaban treatment in Asian patients. Therefore, more strict dosage guideline could be considered in populations with high proportions of Asian ethnicities.
Molecular phylogeny and trait evolution of Madeiran land snails: radiation of the Geomitrini (Stylommatophora: Helicoidea: Geomitridae)
Authors: Brozzo Alissa , Harl Josef , De Mattia Willy , Teixeira Dinarte , Walther Frank , Groh Klaus , Páll‐Gergely Barna , Glaubrecht Matthias , Hausdorf Bernhard , Neiber Marco T. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Geomitrini is the most species‐rich group of land snails in the Madeiran Archipelago. The phylogeny of the group is reconstructed based on mitochondrial and nuclear genetic markers. The timing of diversification, the colonisation history of the islands of the Madeiran Archipelago and the evolution of characters of the dart apparatus are studied. The results of the phylogenetic analyses confirm the sister group relationship of Geomitrini and Cochlicellini, but also show that several previously accepted genus‐group taxa are not monophyletic. A new classification for the Geomitrini is proposed, including the description of two new genera, Domunculifex Brozzo, De Mattia, Harl & Neiber, n. gen. and Testudodiscula Brozzo, De Mattia, Harl & Neiber, n. gen. The onset of diversification of Geomitrini was dated in our analysis at 13 Ma, which largely coincides with the emergence of the present‐day islands. The ancestral state estimation recovered the presence of two appendiculae in the reproductive system as the ancestral state in Geomitrini. One appendicula was lost three times independently within the tribe and is even missing completely in one group. The ancestral area estimation suggests recurrent colonisations of Madeira (and the Ilhas Desertas) from the older island Porto Santo.
Renal outcomes and all‐cause death associated with sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors versus other glucose‐lowering drugs (CVD‐REAL 3 Korea)
Authors: Koh Eun Sil , Han Kyungdo , Nam You‐Seon , Wittbrodt Eric T. , Fenici Peter , Kosiborod Mikhail N. , Heerspink Hiddo J. L. , Yoo Soon‐Jib , Kwon Hyuk‐Sang 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsTo investigate the effectiveness of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on the risk of progression to end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) and all‐cause mortality in a broad range of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) using a Korean nationwide cohort.Materials and MethodsUsing data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database from January 2014 to December 2017, a total of 701 674 patients were identified with T2D. We divided these patients into new users of SGLT2 inhibitors and new users of other glucose‐lowering drugs (oGLDs). Using propensity scores, patients in the two groups were matched 1:1. We assessed the risk of ESRD and all‐cause death.ResultsThere were 45 016 patients in each group, and baseline characteristics were well balanced between the groups. The patients' mean age was 58.1 ± 10.6 years and mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 89.2 ± 27.4 mL/min/1.73m2, and 8% of patients had proteinuria. We identified 167 incident ESRD cases and 1070 all‐cause deaths during follow‐up. Use of SGLT2 inhibitors versus oGLDs was associated with a lower risk of ESRD (hazard ratio [HR] 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.34 to 0.65) and all‐cause death (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.93). In a subgroup analysis by eGFR, initiation of SGLT2 inhibitor treatment, compared with oGLD treatment, was associated with lower risk of progression to ESRD among patients with eGFR 60 to 90 mL/min/1.73m2 and those with eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73m2, and a lower risk of all‐cause death was associated with SGLT2 inhibitors versus oGLDs in patients with eGFR ≥90 and 60 to 90 mL/min/1.73m2.ConclusionIn this large nationwide study of Korean patients with T2D, initiation of SGLT2 inhibitors versus oGLDs was associated with lower risk of ESRD and all‐cause death.
Why is a picture ‘worth a thousand words’? Pictures as information in perceived helpfulness of online reviews
Authors: Wu Ruijuan , Wu Heng‐Hui , Wang Cheng Lu 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe hybrid review format (verbal reviews accompanied by pictures) is increasingly prevalent in online consumer reviews. However, the mechanism behind the superiority effect of hybrid reviews is still unclear. Unlike previous studies based on information processing theory that emphasize the imagery‐provoking ability of the verbal information, we contend that imagery in hybrid reviews is the information that adds more diagnostic value to online reviews and thus makes the reviews more helpful. Our experimental studies found that hybrid reviews were perceived as more helpful than word‐only reviews, and this effect was explained by the perceived amount of information. Moreover, the superiority effect of hybrid reviews on perceived helpfulness was found to be contingent on the review extremity and viewing tasks. These results confirmed our hypothesis of picture as information, explaining the superiority effect of hybrid reviews and pinpointed the conditions under which such an effect would occur or disappear.