bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Free volume, thermal and morphological properties of photo-crosslinked thiol-Ene/ nanodiamond hybrid network
Authors: Beyler Cigil Aslı , Madakbaş Seyfullah , Tav Cumali , Yahşi Uğur , Kahraman Memet Vezir 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this research paper is to investigate the changes in free volume by adding acrylate modified nanodiamond particles. In this study, a cross-linked thiol-ene (T) network was obtained under ultraviole light. The changes in free volume were analyzed when acrylate-modified nanodiamond (M-ND) particles were added to the nanocomposites obtained. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), a well-established method, was used for this analysis. In addition, the effect of nanocomposites containing different ratios of acrylate M-ND particles (1, 2, 3 and 5 Wt. %) on the surface and the thermal properties were also examined.

Design/methodology/approach
The impact of different quantities of acrylate M-ND on the free volume and surface morphological properties of thiol-ene polymer networks were studied by using scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, attenuated total reflection, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, PALS and thermogravimetric analysis measurements.

Findings
The thermal properties of T/M-ND were found to depend on the weight percentages of the M-ND content. For increasing weight percentages of M-ND added to thio-lene polymer networks, the glass transition temperature (Tg) increased from 103°C to 154°C. The ortho-positronium (o-Ps) lifetime (free volume) and free volume fraction characterization of T/M-ND nanocomposites were investigated using PALS. Increasing temperature caused both the o-Ps lifetime (free volume) to change with increasing saturation and to linearly increase the intensity; however, an increasing weight percentage of M-ND caused no change at all for the o-Ps lifetime (free volume) and the free volume fraction.

Originality/value
According to published literature, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time a study examining the free volume properties in a thiol-ene system has been carried out.
Stock loan lotteries and individual investor welfare
Authors: Moore Jordan 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis paper proposes and models stock loan lotteries, a financial innovation that improves individual investor welfare. Stock loan lotteries are prize-linked payoffs using securities lending fees.Design/methodology/approachThis paper solves an existing theoretical model for an investor's utility-maximizing choices with and without stock loan lotteries and compares outcomes.FindingsStock loan lotteries motivate prospect theory investors to buy and hold risky assets with high expected returns. Stock loan lotteries improve welfare more for poor investors and improve welfare more in a model with market frictions such as trading costs.Social implicationsStock loan lotteries increase household savings, leading to greater financial wealth and security in retirement.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a new financial product that improves financial outcomes for individual investors.
Corporate social responsibility, facets of employee job satisfaction and commitment: the case in Ecuador
Authors: Loor-Zambrano Halder Yandry , Santos-Roldán Luna , Palacios-Florencio Beatriz 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to show the relationships between corporate social responsibility, job satisfaction (in its different facets or aspects) and employee commitment. In addition, the paper aims to identify the mediating role that facets of job satisfaction in the relationship between CSR and worker commitment.Design/methodology/approachThe authors propose a model of relations between the variables indicated and the use of a variance-based structural equation modelling technique to identify the relations in a sample of 318 workers from Ecuadorian companies who answered a questionnaire. Specifically, the partial least squares (PLS) methodology was employed using the Smart PLS software.FindingsThe results and findings of this work confirm the theoretical hypotheses specific to the influence of CSR on the five facets of job satisfaction. On the other hand, it should be stressed that only job satisfaction in itself has positive effects on employee engagement. Furthermore, our study shows that satisfaction with co-workers has a negative effect on commitment. However, this study's most relevant contribution is the consideration of the mediating nature of some aspects of job satisfaction in the relationship between CSR and organisational commitment: positive for job satisfaction itself and negative in the case of satisfaction with co-workers. Therefore, implementing CSR practices can be useful for organisations that wish to foster positive attitudes among their employees.Originality/valueThe work enriches specific knowledge about the relationships between CSR and some employee attitudes and behaviours: commitment and job satisfaction. Of particular relevance is the fact that CSR favourably conditions the commitment of employees through the satisfaction derived from the work itself. The presence of a negative impact of co-worker satisfaction on engagement highlights the need to examine CSR actions that generate adverse impacts on this facet of satisfaction.
Social network position experiences more variable selection than weaponry in wild subpopulations of forked fungus beetles
Authors: Formica Vincent , Donald Hannah , Marti Hannah , Irgebay Zhazira , Brodie Edmund 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

The phenotypic expression and fitness consequences of behaviours that are exhibited during social interactions are especially sensitive to their local social context. This context‐dependence is expected to generate more variation in the sign and magnitude of selection on social behaviour than that experienced by static characters like morphology. Relatively few studies, however, have examined selection on behavioural traits in multiple populations.

We estimated sexual selection in the wild to determine if the strength and form of selection on social phenotypes is more variable than that on morphology.

We compared selection gradients on social network position, body size, and weaponry of male forked fungus beetles Bolitotherus cornutus as they influenced mating success across nine natural subpopulations.

Male horn length consistently experienced positive sexual selection. However, the sign and magnitude of selection on individual measures of network centrality (strength and betweenness) differed significantly among subpopulations. Moreover, selection on social behaviours occurred at a local scale (‘soft selection’), whereas selection on horn length occurred at the metapopulation scale (‘hard selection’).

These results indicate that an individual with a given social phenotype could experience different fitness consequences depending on the network it occupies. While individuals seem to be unable to escape the fitness effects of their morphology, they may have the potential to mediate the pressures of selection on behavioural phenotypes by moving among subpopulations or altering social connections within a network.
Feasibility and acceptability of take‐home naloxone for people released from prison in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Moradmand‐Badie Banafsheh , Tran Lucy , Oikarainen Noora , Degenhardt Louisa , Nielsen Suzanne , Roberts Jillian , Ward Stephen , Bowman Julia , Larney Sarah 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroduction and AimsTo assess the feasibility and acceptability of a take‐home naloxone program for people with a history of opioid use released from prison in New South Wales, Australia.Design and MethodsCross‐sectional interviews with people with a history of opioid use who were recently released from prison (n = 105), and semi‐structured interviews with key clinical and operational staff of Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network and Corrective Services NSW (n = 9).ResultsAmong people with a history of opioid use who had recently left prison, there was very high awareness of the elevated risk of overdose following release from prison (95%) and the potential for naloxone to reverse an opioid overdose (97%). Participants considered that their personal risk of overdose was low, despite ongoing opioid use being common. Participants were largely supportive of take‐home naloxone, but the majority (83%) stated that proactively obtaining naloxone would be a low priority for them following release. Key informants were supportive of introducing naloxone training and supply and identified barriers to implementation, including adequate resourcing, identifying the population for training, and developing an appropriate model of training and implementation.Discussion and ConclusionThere was widespread support for naloxone training in custody and distribution at release among people recently released from prison and key stakeholders in health‐care provision and prisons administration. As proactively accessing naloxone is a low priority for patients, naloxone supply at release may be more effective than programs that refer releasees to local pharmacies, but developing a sustainable supply model requires consideration of several barriers.
Platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and prognosis in STEMI: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Dong Guoxia , Huang Aiqin , Liu Lei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundPlatelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a haematological index which reflects increased level of inflammation and thrombosis. We aimed to summarize the potential prognostic role of PLR for the in‐hospital and long‐term outcomes in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) in a meta‐analysis.Materials and methodsRelevant cohort studies were identified by search the PubMed, Cochrane's Library and Embase databases. A random‐effect model was applied to pool the results. In‐hospital and long‐term outcomes were compared between patients with higher and lower preprocedural PLR.ResultsEleven cohorts with 12 619 patients were included. Pooled results showed that higher preprocedural PLR was independently associated with increased risk of in‐hospital major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE, risk ratio [RR]: 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.39 to 2.22, P < .001; I2 = 49%), cardiac mortality (RR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.18 to 3.09, P = .009; I2 = 0), all‐cause mortality (RR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.52 to 3.01, P < .001, I2 = 24%) and no reflow after pPCI (RR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.70 to 2.90, P < .001, I2 = 59%). Moreover, higher preprocedural PLR was associated with increased risk of MACE (RR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.25 to 2.03, I2 = 57%, P < .001) and all‐cause mortality (RR: 2.36, 95% CI: 1.53 to 3.66, I2 = 78%, P < .001) during long‐term follow‐up of up to 82 months after discharge.ConclusionsHigher PLR predicts poor in‐hospital and long‐term prognosis in STEMI patients after pPCI.
Independence of the ECB and the ECJ during the Sovereign Debt Crisis: From Active Leadership to Rubber‐Stamping?
Authors: Bernatavičius Marijus 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDuring the sovereign debt crisis the ECB and ECJ were constrained by two main factors: pressures from the Crisis Management Mechanism and the sovereign debt markets. Contributions claiming that the European Economic Constitution was transformed did not recognize that European policy makers managed to preserve its main features by reinforcing the role of the market. Other contributions, which claim that the sovereign debt crisis was solved only because of the active role assumed by independent institutions like the ECB and the ECJ, are also devoid of analysis of the underlying causes, which implicitly incentivized or hindered the responses from independent institutions. A unified synthetic approach could provide a better explanation for the trade‐offs faced by independent institutions during four peak moments of the sovereign debt crisis: the ECJ's decisions on the ESM and the OMT, and the ECB's decisions to start the OMT and emergency liquidity provision for Greek banks.
A left visual advantage for quantity processing in neonates
Authors: McCrink Koleen , Veggiotti Ludovica , de Hevia Maria Dolores 
Published: August 2020

AbstractForty‐eight newborn infants were tested in one of three multimodal stimulus conditions, in which auditory quantities were presented alongside visual object arrays in two test trials. These tests varied with respect to which side (either left or right) numerically matched the auditory number. The infants looked longer to the test trials in which the left side of the visual display exhibited a quantity that matched the presented auditory quantity. This study provides the first evidence for an untrained, innate bias for humans to preferentially process quantity information presented in the left field of vision.
There is a distinctively epistemic kind of blame
Authors: Boult Cameron 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIs there a distinctively epistemic kind of blame? It has become commonplace for epistemologists to talk about epistemic blame, and to rely on this notion for theoretical purposes. But not everyone is convinced. Some of the most compelling reasons for skepticism about epistemic blame focus on disanologies, or asymmetries, between the moral and epistemic domains. In this paper, I defend the idea that there is a distinctively epistemic kind of blame. I do so primarily by developing an account of the nature of epistemic blame. My account draws on a prominent line of theorizing in moral philosophy that ties blame to our relationships with one another. I argue that with my account of epistemic blame on hand, the most compelling worries about epistemic blame can be deflated. There is a distinctively epistemic kind of blame.
Investigation of Parameter Spaces for Topology Optimization With Three-Dimensional Orientation Fields for Multi-Axis Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Kubalak Joseph R. , Wicks Alfred L. , Williams Christopher B. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The layer-by-layer deposition process used in material extrusion (ME) additive manufacturing results in inter- and intra-layer bonds that reduce the mechanical performance of printed parts. Multi-axis (MA) ME techniques have shown potential for mitigating this issue by enabling tailored deposition directions based on loading conditions in three dimensions (3D). Planning deposition paths leveraging this capability remains a challenge, as an intelligent method for assigning these directions does not exist. Existing literature has introduced topology optimization (TO) methods that assign material orientations to discrete regions of a part by simultaneously optimizing material distribution and orientation. These methods are insufficient for MA–ME, as the process offers additional freedom in varying material orientation that is not accounted for in the orientation parameterizations used in those methods. Additionally, optimizing orientation design spaces is challenging due to their non-convexity, and this issue is amplified with increased flexibility; the chosen orientation parameterization heavily impacts the algorithm’s performance. Therefore, the authors (i) present a TO method to simultaneously optimize material distribution and orientation with considerations for 3D material orientation variation and (ii) establish a suitable parameterization of the orientation design space. Three parameterizations are explored in this work: Euler angles, explicit quaternions, and natural quaternions. The parameterizations are compared using two benchmark minimum compliance problems, a 2.5D Messerschmitt–Bölkow–Blohm beam and a 3D Wheel, and a multi-loaded structure undergoing (i) pure tension and (ii) three-point bending. For the Wheel, the presented algorithm demonstrated a 38% improvement in compliance over an algorithm that only allowed planar orientation variation. Additionally, natural quaternions maintain the well-shaped design space of explicit quaternions without the need for unit length constraints, which lowers computational costs. Finally, the authors present a path toward integrating optimized geometries and material orientation fields resulting from the presented algorithm with MA–ME processes.
Investigation on Snap-Through Buckling Behavior of Dished Shells Under Uniform External Pressure
Authors: Tripathi Surya Mani , Swain Digendranath , Muthukumar R. , Anup S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Previously, the buckling behavior of several conical and spherical shells have been studied with great rigor. In this paper, snap-through buckling behavior for metallic dished shells under uniform external pressure is investigated. These shells are geometrically complex since they consist of a shallow conical frustum with a flat closed top. Such shells find many engineering applications, for instance as actuator elements in control components in cryogenic engines. Currently, no clear guidelines exist for design performance evaluation of such peculiar shells. This paper aims to establish a valid FE methodology for snap-through buckling and post-buckling analysis of such shells using abaqus in tandem with experiments. A parametric study is carried out to understand the effect of geometrical parameters and imperfection sensitivity of these shells to snap-through buckling. Moreover, experiments were carried out using 3D Digital Image Correlation (3D-DIC) for measuring whole-field deflection and strains. Numerical analysis was carried out, using generalized Eigen value analysis and non-linear analysis using a modified-Riks technique with various material models to correlate with the experimental observations. Non-linear elasto-plastic analysis with a perfectly elastic-plastic material model agrees well with the experimental observations. A comparison of experimental results with that of the numerical study indicates that material plasticity has a major effect on critical buckling pressure.
An Ontology-Based Framework for Decision Support in Assembly Variant Design
Authors: Das Shantanu Kumar , Swain Abinash Kumar 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The designer generates a variant product by applying several design suggestions that fulfilled a variety of customer requirements. These design suggestions rely on multiple domains of expert knowledge, which are unstructured and implicit. Moreover, these design suggestions have an impact on assembly joint information (liaison), which makes the variant design a complex problem. To effectively support the designers, this work presents a knowledge-based decision support system for assembly variant design using ontology. First, a knowledge base is built by the development of an ontology to formally represent the taxonomy, properties, and causal relationships of/among core concepts involved in the variant design. Second, a five-step sequential procedure is established to facilitate the utilization of this knowledge base for decision-making in variant design. The procedure takes the extracted liaison information from the CAD model of an existing product as the input and further used for generating a set of variant design decisions as the output through Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) rule-based reasoning. The inferred outputs by the process of reasoning are the design suggestions, the variant design type required for each design suggestion, and its effect on joint information. Based on the evaluation of the ontology, the precision, recall, and F-measure obtained are 79.3%, 82.1%, and 80.67%, respectively. Finally, the efficacy of the knowledge-based decision support system is evaluated using case studies from the aerospace and automotive domain.
Compound Droplet Modeling for Circulating Tumor Cell Microfiltration With Adaptive Meshing Refinement
Authors: Hashem Mohammad Abul , Aghilinejad Arian , Chen Xiaolin , Tan Hua 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Advances in microfluidics inaugurate a new possibility of designing diagnostic devices for early cancer detection. There is a growing interest in deformation-based microfiltration for capturing circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from peripheral blood due to its simplicity and low cost. Fundamental understanding of CTC passing through a microfilter is critical, as it helps optimize the design for achieving high isolation purity. Previous research has modeled CTC as a simple droplet for deformation-based CTC separation. Here, we use a compound droplet model to study the flow dynamics more realistically. An adaptive-mesh-refinement (AMR) method is used here, using the open-source code, gerris, after modification for droplet dynamics and contact angle model. The developed code is validated with results compared with ansysfluent and available theory. The effects of various parameters such as the nuclear-to-cytoplasmic (N/C) ratio, operating flow rate, and cell viscosity are investigated. It is found that the compound droplet behaves like a homogeneous droplet when the nucleus size is smaller than the filtering channel. However, the pressure profile is greatly influenced by the nucleus when it is larger than the channel size. In addition, there is a linear correlation between the pressure drop in the channel and the operating flow rate. Similarly, critical passing pressure increases linearly with the increase of the cell viscosity. Our study suggests that for having an accurate prediction of cell transport behavior inside the microchannel, it is of great importance to consider the effects of the nucleus and its possible deformation.
Development of Analytical Solution for a Two-Phase Stefan Problem in Artificial Ground Freezing Using Singular Perturbation Theory
Authors: Xu Minghan , Akhtar Saad , Zueter Ahmad F. , Auger Victor , Alzoubi Mahmoud A. , Sasmito Agus P. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Artificial ground freezing (AGF) has historically been used to stabilize underground structure. Numerical methods generally require high computational power to be applicable in practice. Therefore, it is of interest to develop accurate and reliable analytical frameworks for minimizing computational cost. This paper proposes a singular perturbation solution for a two-phase Stefan problem that describes outward solidification in AGF. Specifically, the singular perturbation method separates two distinct temporal scales to capture the subcooling and freezing stages in the ground. The ground was considered as a porous medium with volume-averaged thermophysical properties. Further, Stefan number was assumed to be small, and effects of a few site-dependent parameters were investigated. The analytical solution was verified by numerical results and found to have similar conclusions yet with much lesser computational cost.
Keywords: artificial ground freezing, Stefan-like problems, singular perturbation, porous media, outward solidification.