bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symmetry‐Breaking Charge‐Transfer Chromophore Interactions Supported by Carbon Nanodots
Authors: Cacioppo Michele , Scharl Tobias , Đorđević Luka , Cadranel Alejandro , Arcudi Francesca , Guldi Dirk M. , Prato Maurizio 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) and their derivatives are useful platforms for studying electron‐donor/acceptor interactions and dynamics therein. Herein, we couple amorphous CDs with phthalocyanines (Pcs) that act as electron donors with a large extended π‐surface and intense absorption across the visible range of the solar spectrum. Investigations of the intercomponent interactions by means of steady‐state and pump‐probe transient absorption spectroscopy reveal symmetry‐breaking charge transfer/separation and recombination dynamics within pairs of phthalocyanines. The CDs facilitate the electronic interactions between the phthalocyanines. Thus, our findings suggest that CDs could be used to support electronic couplings in multichromophoric systems and further increase their applicability in organic electronics, photonics, and artificial photosynthesis.
Enhanced performance of Mindel membranes by incorporating conductive polymer and inorganic modifier for application in direct methanol fuel cells
Authors: Ramachandran Sathish Kumar , Gangasalam Arthanareeswaran , Ismail Ahmed Fauzi , Kweon Jihyang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES), polyaniline (PANI), and Cloisite 15 A® were used as modifiers for the fabrication of Mindel composite polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs). Pristine Mindel and Mindel composite PEMs were fabricated by the solution intercalation technique. The presence of modifiers in the Mindel membrane matrix was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies. The primary characteristics of pristine Mindel and Mindel PEMs such as water uptake, methanol uptake, proton conductivity ion‐exchange capacity (IEC), and chemical and mechanical stability were evaluated. The pore size of Mindel/SPES/Cloisite 15 composite PEM was increased owing to the addition of SPES and Cloisite 15. The higher proton conductivity of 4.323 × 10−4 S cm−1, enhanced IEC of 0.482 mequiv. g−1, and maximum water uptake (%) of 38.12 were noted for Mindel/SPES/Cloisite membrane. Membrane selectivity of all Mindel PEMs was enhanced by the addition of modifiers. The results of this study indicate that Mindel composite membranes could be utilized as PEMs for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).
Effect of alcohols on combustion characteristics and particle size distribution of a diesel engine fueled with diesel‐castor oil blended fuel
Authors: Qi Donghui , Xing Wenqian , Luo Peng , Liu Jianhua , Chen Ru 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe research was motivated to experimentally study the effect of alcohol addition on the performance, combustion characteristics, particle size distribution (PSD) and exhaust emissions of a common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine fueled with diesel‐castor oil blended fuels. The main properties of the blended fuels were measured by the standard test procedures. The results revealed that, compared with diesel fuel, the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) was increased by an average of 7.7%, 8.5% and 16.5% for DA80B10E10, DC80B20, and DC60B20E20 fuels respectively. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) kept almost identical for the blended fuels. The peak in‐cylinder pressure was about 0.4 MPa higher and the heat release rate (HRR) was evidently higher than that of diesel fuel, and the combustion duration was 5–12 crank angles shorter. The blended fuels exhibited bi‐modal PSD, and diesel fuel showed uni‐modal behavior under all operating conditions. The total number concentration (TNC) of particles was larger, but the geometric mean diameter (GMD) was lower than that of diesel fuel. Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions were increased by about 30% and hydrocarbon (HC) was evidently higher for the blended fuels under almost all operating conditions, but carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were about 22% lower than that of diesel fuel.
What painting? Encountering and interpreting the archaeological record in western Arnhem Land, northern Australia
Authors: BRADY LIAM M. , MAY SALLY K. , GOLDHAHN JOAKIM , TAÇON PAUL S.C. , LAMILAMI PATRICK 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTResearch into contemporary Indigenous relationships with the archaeological record has increasingly drawn upon frameworks emphasising relational, affectual and cultural understandings to learn about the complex ways that meaning and symbolism are negotiated and expressed. In this paper, we use a series of case studies from Arnhem Land to investigate the network of relationships Aboriginal Traditional Owners use in the process of interpreting the archaeological record. At the core of this process is Edward Casey's idea of “grasping‐together”, where people draw on their social and cultural knowledge as a means to make sense out of what is being encountered and how it fits into existing frameworks of knowledge and understanding. By approaching rock art through the lens of encounter and interaction, archaeologists are in a privileged position to add another layer to the, symbolism and significance people attach to their cultural heritage today.
Genome‐Wide Occupancy Profiling Reveals Critical Roles of FoxO1 in Regulating Extracellular Matrix and Circadian Rhythm Genes in Human Chondrocytes
Authors: Duffy Tomas , Bekki Hirofumi , Lotz Martin K. 
Published: April 2020

ObjectiveOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most common age‐related joint disease. With aging and in OA, the expression of FoxO transcription factors is reduced, diminishing their chondroprotective actions. In order to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which FoxO1 protects chondrocytes, we sought to identify the genome‐wide occupancy profile of FoxO1.MethodsWe performed FoxO1 chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by high‐throughput sequencing (ChIP‐Seq) on human primary chondrocytes. ChIP‐Seq data were integrated with RNA sequencing (RNA‐Seq) data sets. Bioinformatics results were confirmed in primary chondrocytes that were treated with a FoxO1 inhibitor.ResultsAnalysis of FoxO1 ChIP‐Seq on human primary chondrocytes showed that pathways implicated in OA pathogenesis are mainly regulated by FoxO1 binding to tissue‐specific enhancers with suboptimal binding sites (20% of the peaks), while more ubiquitous FoxO1 pathways are regulated at the promoter level through interaction with its canonical binding motif (7% of the peaks). Integrating FoxO1 occupancy data with RNA‐Seq data comparing OA and healthy human cartilage revealed 428 putative FoxO1 target genes that are dysregulated in OA. Pathway analysis showed enrichment for genes belonging to the senescence pathway (logP = −6.73), extracellular matrix (ECM) pathway (logP = −12.97), and circadian clock pathway (logP = −6.30), which suggests that FoxO1 dysregulation plays an important role in their abnormal expression in OA. Using an inhibitor of FoxO1, we confirmed that FoxO1 regulates these pathways in cultured human chondrocytes.ConclusionFoxO1 regulates ubiquitous and cartilage‐specific genes in chondrocytes by using different mechanisms. The FoxO1 transcriptional network is a key player in regulating homeostasis, ECM, and circadian clock genes and plays an important role in the abnormal expression of these pathways observed in OA pathogenesis.
Observer‐based tracking controller design for a class of polynomial fuzzy systems with disturbance
Authors: Salimi Tari Roozbeh , Moarefianpour Ali 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this paper, the tracking control law design problem for a class of polynomial fuzzy systems subjected to external bounded disturbance is studied. The tracking control design problem is solved using the observer‐based tracking controller design method in which the observer estimates the controlled system state vector and also the system states will follow the state vector of a stable reference model subject to an H∞ performance. The process of calculating controller parameters is formulated as an SOS feasibility program. Simulation results are presented to show the merits of the proposed control design approach.
Shallow transit follow‐up from Next‐Generation Transit Survey: Simultaneous observations of HD 106315 with 11 identical telescopes
Authors: Smith Alexis M. S. , Eigmüller Philipp , Gurumoorthy Ramanathan , Csizmadia Szilárd , Bayliss Daniel , Burleigh Matthew R. , Cabrera Juan , Casewell Sarah L. , Erikson Anders , Goad Michael R. , Grange Andrew , Jenkins James S. , Pollacco Don , Rauer Heike , Raynard Liam , Udry Stéphane , West Richard G. , Wheatley Peter J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS) is a photometric survey for transiting exoplanets, consisting of 12 identical 0.2‐m telescopes. We report a measurement of the transit of HD 106315 c using a novel observing mode in which multiple NGTS telescopes observed the same target, with the aim of increasing the signal‐to‐noise ratio. Combining the data allows the robust detection of the transit, which has a depth less than 0.1%, rivaling the performance of much larger telescopes. We demonstrate the capability of NGTS to contribute to the follow‐up of K2 and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite discoveries using this observing mode. In particular, NGTS is well‐suited to the measurement of shallow transits of bright targets. This is particularly important to improve orbital ephemerides of relatively long‐period planets, where only a small number of transits are observed from space.
An exploratory examination of intellectual disability and mental illness associated with alleged false confessions
Authors: Mogavero Melanie Clark 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe National Registry of Exonerations tracks cases of individuals who have been wrongly convicted and exonerated since 1989. Their most recent report revealed that 12% of those exonerated gave false confessions. The current study used data from the National Registry of Exonerations and focused on a sample of 2,378 individuals convicted of felonies with a focus on sexual offenses, as such crimes tend to be viewed as particularly heinous with increased consequences for those convicted. After examining various legal and extralegal factors, the results showed that those accused of sexual offenses, particularly sexual murders, had a greater likelihood of giving a false confession than those accused of non‐sexual offenses. The likelihood of falsely confessing was higher among juveniles, those with mental illness and intellectual disabilities, and cases with multiple suspects. Females had a greater odds of falsely confessing to murder than males. Implications and recommendations are discussed.
Purification of Pseudomonas sp. proteases through aqueous biphasic systems as an alternative source to obtain bioactive protein hydrolysates
Authors: Pillaca‐Pullo Omar S. , Intiquilla Arturo , Santos João H. P. M. , Sánchez‐Moguel Ignacio , Brandelli Adriano , Zavaleta Amparo I. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAqueous biphasic systems (ABSs) are an interesting alternative for separating industrial enzymes due to easy scale‐up and low operational cost. The proteases of Pseudomonas sp. M211 were purified through ABS platforms formed by polyethylene glycol (PEG) and citrate buffer salt. Two experimental designs 23 + 4 were performed to evaluate the following parameters: molar mass of PEG (MPEG), concentration of PEG (CPEG), concentration of citrate buffer (CCit), and pH. The partition coefficient (K), activity yield (Y), and purification factor (PF) were the responses analyzed. The best purification performance was obtained with the system composed of MPEG = 10,000 g/mol, CPEG = 22 wt%, CCit = 12 wt%, pH = 8.0; the responses obtained were K = 4.9, Y = 84.5%, PF = 15.1, and tie‐line length = 52.74%. The purified proteases of Pseudomonas sp. (PPP) were used to obtain hydrolysates of Lupinus mutabilis (Peruvian lupin cultivar) seed protein in comparison with the commercial protease Alcalase® 2.4L. A strong correlation between hydrolysis degree and radical scavenging activity was observed, and the highest antioxidant activity was obtained with Alcalase® (1.40 and 3.47 μmol Trolox equivalent/mg protein, for 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity, respectively) compared with PPP (0.55 and 1.03 μmol Trolox/mg protein). Nevertheless, the IC50 values were lower than those often observed for antioxidant hydrolysates from plant proteins. PEG/citrate buffer system is valuable to purify Pseudomonas proteases from the fermented broth, and the purified protease could be promising to produce antioxidant protein hydrolysates.
Improving survival of 3760 patients with lymphoma: Experience of an academic center over two decades
Authors: Liu Weiping , Ji Xinqiang , Song Yuqin , Wang Xiaopei , Zheng Wen , Lin Ningjing , Tu Meifeng , Xie Yan , Ping Lingyan , Ying Zhitao , Zhang Chen , Deng Lijuan , Wu Meng , Feng Feier , Leng Xin , Sun Yingli , Du Tingting , Zhu Jun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe treatment outcomes and prognosis of lymphoma are affected by various factors such as hospital types. This study was to describe the temporal trend in the survival of lymphoma in an academic center in China.MethodsA total of 3840 consecutive patients with lymphoma diagnosed between 1996 and 2015 were reviewed. Eighty patients were excluded, and finally, 3760 patients were analyzed in this study. The cohort was divided into four groups according to calendar periods at diagnosis: 1996‐2000, 2001‐2005, 2006‐2010, and 2010‐2015. The overall survival (OS) rates among the four groups were compared.ResultsThe 5‐ and 10‐year OS for the whole cohort were 62% and 52%, respectively. The 5‐year OS of patient with classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), mature B‐cell lymphoma (BCL), and peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL) were 79%, 63%, and 50%, respectively. Among mature BCL, the 5‐year OS was highest in follicular lymphoma (77.8%), followed by Burkitt lymphoma (76.5%), marginal zone lymphoma (74.1%), diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (61.5%), small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia (55.1%), and mantle cell lymphoma (44.3%). Among PTCL, the 5‐year OS was highest in ALK+anaplastic large cell lymphoma (79.0%), followed by ALK−anaplastic large cell lymphoma (63.1%), natural killer/T‐cell lymphoma (57.7%), angioimmunoblastic T‐cell lymphoma (34.9%, and peripheral T‐cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (27.6%). Significant improvement in the survival of lymphoma was observed, with the 5‐year OS increasing from 48% in 1996‐2000 to 65% in 2011‐2015 (P < .001). The 5‐year OS of patients with cHL, mature BCL, and PTCL changed from 55%, 49%, and 41% in 1996‐2000 to 79%, 65%, and 51% in 2011‐2015, respectively (P values were .014, .002, and .592, respectively).ConclusionThe survival of most types of lymphoma such as cHL and mature BCL, rather than PTCL, was improved significantly during the past two decades.
Piplartine attenuates the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via regulating hsa_circ_100338 expression
Authors: Cheng Xiaoli , Tian Pan , Zheng Wengzhong , Yan Xuetao 
Published: April 2020

AbstractResearches have pointed that piplartine inhibits the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, however, the underlying mechanisms has not been well defined. Currently, more and more studies have pointed out that circRNAs can regulate tumor cell proliferation, involve in the tumorigenesis mechanism of various tumors. In this study, we explored whether piplartine may participate in the development of HCC through the regulation of ability of HCC cell proliferation by circRNA. Based on the chip analysis, we selected candidate circRNAs that are highly correlated with HCC. CircRNA expression in OSCC cells treated with piplartine was detected by qRT‐PCR. We found that only the expression of hsa_circ_100338 (circ‐100338) was observably reduced. The expression characteristics of circ‐100338 in HCC cell lines were also verified by qRT‐PCR. Subsequently, whether or notcirc‐100338 can regulate ZEB1 via competitively binding to miR‐141‐3p was determined by the RIP assay and dual luciferase reporter gene assay. The effect of the circ‐100338/miR‐141‐3p/ZEB1 axis on the proliferation of HCC cell was tested by EdU and CCK‐8 assay. Results showed that circ‐100338 expression was observably increased in HCC cell lines. Simultaneously, circ‐100338 can regulate the expression of ZEB1by competitively binding to miR‐141‐3p. Moreover high expression of circ‐100338 can stimulate the proliferation of HCC cells. Our current study revealed that circ‐100338 played as a ceRNA in promoting the progression of HCC by sponging miR‐141‐3p, while piplartine can participate in the development of HCC by inhibiting the expression of circ‐100338.
Impact of the Take 5 Safety Plan for Crying on the Occurrence of Abusive Head Trauma in Infants
Authors: Bechtel Kirsten , Gaither Julie R. , Leventhal John M. 
Published: April 2020

Since 2008, medical providers have offered the Take 5 Safety Plan for Crying (Take 5) to caregivers of newborns at Yale New Haven Hospital (YNHH); it focuses on five steps to manage caregiver frustration with infant crying and to prevent a caregiver from hurting an infant. We sought to determine whether Take 5 reduced the occurrence of abusive head trauma (AHT). Using a case–control design, we reviewed the Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) of infants younger than 12 months old who were admitted to YNHH with a head injury from June 2008 to June 2017, were evaluated by the Child Abuse Service and were born at YNHH. Cases had a diagnosis of AHT, and controls had a diagnosis of non‐abusive head trauma. Exposure to Take 5 was based on documentation in the EMR at newborn hospital discharge. We used Firth's penalised likelihood logistic regression to calculate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (AORs). Of the cases, 11.1 per cent received Take 5 vs. 47.1 per cent of controls. In the adjusted models, we found that infants whose caregivers received Take 5 were 79 per cent less likely to have suffered AHT (AOR 0.21, 95% CI 0.02–0.99). These results suggest that Take 5 has the potential to prevent AHT in infants.‘We sought to determine whether Take 5 reduced the occurrence of abusive head trauma’Key Practitioner Messages

Abusive head trauma (AHT) is an extreme form of child abuse.
Crying is often a trigger for a caregiver to shake an infant, resulting in AHT.
Safety planning for caregiver frustration with infant crying can help reduce the likelihood of AHT.
CASC5 is a potential tumour driving gene in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Cui Yuanbo , Zhang Chunyan , Ma Shanshan , Guo Wenna , Cao Wei , Guan Fangxia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that cancer susceptibility candidate 5 (CASC5) plays important roles in several types of cancer. But its expression and clinical significance in human pan‐cancer remain largely unclear. In the present study, we comprehensively analysed the expression profile and prognostic values of CASC5 in pan‐cancer across 33 cancer types based on the online TCGA analysis databases. CASC5 was found to be abnormally expressed in 16 types of cancer. In addition, dysregulated expression of CASC5 was closely associated with patient overall survival (OS) in kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) and thymoma (THYM). By comparative analysis, we found that CASC5 was significantly up‐regulated in LUAD and predicted poor patient OS. High CASC5 expression was closely correlated with tumour advanced stages of patients with LUAD. Through GSEA based on the KEGG database, CASC5 was found to be closely related to DNA replication and microRNA regulation in LUAD. Functionally, knockdown of CASC5 could inhibit cell proliferation of LUAD cells in vitro, rather than affecting cell migration and invasion. Mechanistically, CASC5 promoted proliferation of LUAD cells by targeting miR‐139‐5p. Collectively, our findings reveal that CASC5 is a novel oncogenic gene in LUAD and may be a potential clinical target and (or) biomarker for this human malignancy.Significance of the studyIn this study, we for the first time comprehensively analysed the transcriptional level and prognostic significance of CASC5 in human pan‐cancer across 33 cancer types using online TCGA databases. Our study indicates that CASC5 is aberrantly expressed in many tumours and is closely related to the patient overall survival of several tumour types. Our findings reveal that CASC5 is a novel oncogene in LUAD based on bioinformatic analysis and functional experiments. Mechanistically, CASC5 promoted LUAD proliferation by targeting miR‐139‐5p. Results of this study suggest that CASC5 is a potential clinical target and (or) biomarker for LUAD.
The Importance of Phosphates for DNA G‐Quadruplex Formation: Evaluation of Zwitterionic G‐Rich Oligodeoxynucleotides
Authors: Su Yongdong , Edwards Patrick J. B. , Stetsenko Dmitry A. , Filichev Vyacheslav V. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA quaternary ammonium butylsulfonyl phosphoramidate group (N+) was designed to replace all the phosphates in a G‐rich oligodeoxynucleotide d(TG4T), resulting in a formally charge‐neutral zwitterionic N+TG4T sequence. We evaluated the effects of N+phosphate modifications on the structural, thermodynamic and kinetic properties of the parallel G‐quadruplexes (G4) formed by TG4T and compared them to the properties of the recently published phosphoryl guanidine d(TG4T) (PG‐TG4T). Using size‐exclusion chromatography, we established that, unlike PG‐TG4T, which exists as a mixture of complexes of different molecularity in solution, N+TG4T forms an individual tetramolecular complex. In contrast to PG modifications that destabilized G4s, the presence of N+ modifications increased thermal stability relative to unmodified [d(TG4T)]4. The initial stage of assembly of N+TG4T proceeded faster in the presence of Na+ than K+ions and, similarly to PG‐TG4T, was independent of the salt concentration. However, after complex formation exceeded 75 %, N+TG4T in solution with Na+showed slower association than with K+. N+TG4T could also form G4s in solution with Li+ions at a very low strand concentration (10 μM); something that has never been reported for the native d(TG4T). Charge‐neutral PG‐G4s can invade preformed native G4s, whereas no invasion was observed between N+and native G4s, possibly due to the increased thermal stability of [N+TG4T]4. The N+ modification makes d(TG4T) fully resistant to enzymatic digestion, which could be useful for intracellular application of N+‐modified DNA or RNA.
Isoxazole‐Derived Aroylhydrazones and Their Dinuclear Copper(II) Complexes Show Antiproliferative Activity on Breast Cancer Cells with a Potentially Alternative Mechanism Of Action
Authors: Rada Jesica Paola , Forté Jéremy , Gontard Geoffrey , Corcé Vincent , Salmain Michèle , Rey Nicolás A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper reports the design, synthesis and cytotoxicity studies of two new isoxazole‐derived aroylhydrazone ligands and their dinuclear copper(II) complexes. Compounds were fully characterized by various spectroscopic and analytical techniques. The molecular structures of four derivatives were confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. The stability of the ligands and the complexes in aqueous medium was monitored spectroscopically. Both the ligands and the complexes were shown to interact with calf thymus DNA (ct‐DNA). Additionally, structures containing a phenol pendant arm were significantly more cytotoxic than those carrying a pendant pyridine substituent, reaching sub‐micromolar IC50 values on the triple‐negative human breast cancer cell line MDA‐MB‐231. The metal chelation and transchelation ability of the compounds towards FeII, FeIII and ZnII ions was explored as a possible mechanism of action of these compounds.