bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mortality is increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or diabetes compared to the general population – the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study
Authors: Houge Ingrid Sæther , Hoff Mari , Thomas Ranjeny , Videm Vibeke 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPersons with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or diabetes have increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and higher death rates compared to the general population. This study used data from the population-based Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) and the Norwegian Cause of Death registry to compare all-cause mortality rates for RA or diabetes patients to the general population. We used Cox regression with age as time variable, adjusting for sex, smoking, body mass index, hypertension, total cholesterol, creatinine and previous CVD. To achieve proportional hazards, an interaction term with an age group variable (≤75 years or >75 years) was included for diabetes, smoking and previous CVD. Median follow-up was 18.1 years. Mortality occurred for 123 (32%) of the RA patients, 1,280 (44%) of the diabetes patients, 17 (52%) of the patients with both diseases and 11,641 (18%) of the controls. Both diseases were associated with statistically significantly increased mortality rates. The hazard ratio (HR) for RA was 1.24 (95% CI: 1.03-1.44). The HR of diabetes was 1.82 (1.60-2.04) for individuals ≤75 years old and 1.49 (1.39-1.59) for individuals >75 years. Diabetes had a significantly higher HR for death than RA for participants ≤75 years, but not significantly different for participants >75 years.
Performance improvement in electrospun InGaZnO nanofibres field-effect-transistors using low thermal budget microwave calcination and Ar/O2 mixed-plasma surface treatment
Authors: Cho Seong-Kun , Cho Won-Ju 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this study, we present a low thermal budget microwave annealing (MWA) method for calcination of electrospun In-Ga-ZnO (IGZO) nanofibres and demonstrate an improvement in the performance of IGZO nanofibre field-effect transistors (FETs) by Ar/O2 mixed-plasma surface treatment. The IGZO nanofibres were fabricated by electrospinning method and calcined using MWA method. This process allowed for a significant reduction in the heat treatment temperature and time. Subsequently, plasma surface treatment using various ratios of Ar/O2 gas mixtures was carried out. The surface morphology and chemical composition of MWA-calcined and plasma-treated IGZO nanofibres were studied by SEM and XPS analysis. In order to investigate the effects of MWA calcination combined with Ar/O2 mixed-plasma treatment on the electrical properties and the reliability of nanofibres-based transistors, IGZO nanofibres FETs were fabricated and applied to resistor-loaded inverters. Our results show that the O2 plasma treatment significantly improves the performance of IGZO nanofibres FETs and the resistor-loaded inverters based on IGZO nanofibres FETs, whereas Ar plasma treatment degrades the performance of these devices. The instability tests using positive bias temperature stress (PBTS) and negative bias temperature stress (NBTS) revealed that the O2 plasma treatment contributed to the stability of IGZO nanofibres FETs. Our results suggest that the MWA calcination combined with the Ar/O2 mixed-plasma surface treatment is a promising technique for the fabrication of high performance IGZO nanofibres FETs with low thermal budget processes.
Synthesis and characterisation of zeolite LTA with sheet structure
Authors: Wang Peng , Sun Qi 
Published: February 2020

This work reports a simple and effective method for the rapid synthesis of zeolite Linde Type A (LTA) with sheet structure from kaolin. X‐ray diffraction results confirm the purity and crystallinity of the synthesised zeolite LTA with sheet structure. Transmission electron microscopy images clearly show the sheet‐like structure of the synthesised zeolite LTA. The selected area electron diffraction pattern indicates that the crystal structure type of the synthesised zeolite LTA with sheet structure is the body‐centred cube. Meanwhile, the elemental mapping confirms the coexistence and uniform distribution of Si, Al, O and Na elements in the lamellar structure of the synthesised zeolite LTA. In addition, N2 adsorption–desorption technique indicates that the surface area of the synthesised zeolite LTA with sheet structure increases up to 39.7994 m2 ·g−1, a much higher value than that of zeolite LTA.
Factors associated with complete clearance of difficult common bile duct stones after temporary biliary stenting followed by a second ERCP: a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study
Authors: Jang Dong Kee , Lee Sang Hyub , Ahn Dong Won , Paik Woo Hyun , Lee Jae Min , Lee Jun Kyu , Ryu Ji Kon , Kim Yong-Tae 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Although temporary endoscopic biliary stenting is considered effective for difficult common bile duct (CBD) stones, few studies have investigated the optimal conditions for complete stone clearance at the second endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) after temporary biliary stenting. We aimed to evaluate factors associated with complete clearance.
Methods Patients with difficult CBD stones (a large [≥ 20 mm] or multiple [≥ 3 sized ≥ 15 mm] CBD stones) were retrospectively enrolled from three institutions. Patients who underwent temporary biliary stenting at the first ERCP were analyzed. Double-pigtail plastic stents (7 or 10 Fr) were placed with the proximal ends above the stones. Complete clearance rate and stone size reduction at the second ERCP, and factors associated with complete clearance were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses.
Results 85 patients were enrolled (mean age 74.5 years [SD 11.3]; 47 women). Stone size and CBD diameter significantly decreased during the interval. The overall complete stone clearance rate was 64.7 % (55/85) at the second ERCP. The mean stone size reduction was 5.6 mm (SD 6.8). In multivariate analysis, complete clearance rate was significantly lower in male patients, in patients aged > 80 years, and in stones > 25 mm initially, but was significantly higher when 7-Fr stents were placed and stone size was reduced by > 5 mm.
Conclusion Use of 7-Fr rather than 10-Fr plastic stents was beneficial for complete clearance of difficult CBD stones after temporary biliary stenting; older male patients as well as patients with initial stones > 25 mm had a lower clearance rate.
Mortality, Morbidity, and Prognostic Factors in the Surgical Resection of Brain Metastases: A Contemporary Cohort Study
Authors: Picarelli Helder , Oliveira Marcelo de Lima , Marta Gustavo Nader , Solla Davi J. Fontoura , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective Despite advances in systemic therapy and radiotherapy (RT), neurosurgical resection (NSR) remains a mainstay of the treatment of brain metastases (BMs). Although it is unequivocal in instances of diagnostic doubt, radioresistance, and risk of death due to neurologic causes, NSR may be controversial in other situations. Many aspects related to NSR have not yet been well established, and the primary prognostic indices were proposed only in the last decade. This study evaluates the survival and the morbidity, causes of death, prognostic factors, and the impact of RT in patients with BMs treated by NSR in the current era.
Methods A total of 200 patients with BMs who were treated by NSR were evaluated sequentially and followed prospectively. We used logistic regression and Cox regression models to identify independent factors associated with mortality at 4 weeks and at 1 year, respectively. Clinical features, morbidity, recurrence, and causes of death were also studied.
Results Lung cancer was the most prevalent cancer (36.5%); the median Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score was 60. Total resection was achieved in 89%, and adjuvant RT was applied in 63% of the cases. The rates of surgical mortality, morbidity, and mortality at 4 weeks were 1.5%, 17%, and 7.5%, respectively. Systemic infections were the leading cause of death in 62.5% of the cases. The median survival was 5 months, and 34.5% of patients lived > 1 year. The postoperative KPS (KPSpo) score remained unchanged or improved in 94.5% of the cases. In the multivariate analysis, a KPSpo score ≥ 80 and the application of adjuvant RT were associated with a lower risk of death at 12 weeks and at 1 year. Interestingly, the variables of primary tumor site, number of BMs, and presence of carcinomatous meningitis were not significant.
Conclusion Morbidity and mortality were high, a third of the patients lived > 1 year, and the KPS score improved or remained unchanged in most cases. Prognostic indices and health conditions were important predictive factors, but the KPSpo score and adjuvant RT were independent variables for survival at 12 weeks and at 1 year. Therefore, new studies are needed to assess the influence of new therapies and specific molecular profiles.
Gestational Diabetes in the Population Served by Brazilian Public Health Care. Prevalence and Risk Factors
Authors: dos Santos Pâmela Antoniazzi , Madi José Mauro , da Silva Emerson Rodrigues , Vergani Daiane de Oliveira Pereira , de Araújo Breno Fauth , Garcia Rosa Maria Rahmi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective To assess the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus and the main associated risk factors in the population served by the Brazilian Unified Health System in the city of Caxias do Sul, state of Rio Grande do Sul.
Materials and Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted. Maternal variables were collected from the medical records of all pregnant women treated at the basic health units in 2016. Hyperglycemia during pregnancy (pregestational diabetes, overt diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus) was identified by analyzing the results of a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, as recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Based on the data, the women were allocated into two groups: the gestational diabetes group and the no gestational diabetes group.
Results The estimated prevalence of gestational diabetes among 2,313 pregnant women was of 5.4% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 4.56–6.45). Pregnant women with 3 or more pregnancies had twice the odds of having gestational diabetes compared with primiparous women (odds ratio [OR] = 2.19; 95%CI: 1.42–3.37; p < 0.001). Pregnant women aged 35 years or older had three times the odds of having gestational diabetes when compared with younger women (OR = 3.01; 95%CI: 1.97–4.61; p < 0.001). Overweight pregnant women were 84% more likely to develop gestational diabetes than those with a body mass index lower than 25 kg/m2 (OR = 1.84; 95%CI: 1.25–2.71; p = 0.002). A multivariable regression analysis showed that being overweight and being 35 years old or older were independent variables.
Conclusion In this population, the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was of 5.4%. Age and being overweight were predictive factors for gestational diabetes.
Experiencia de embolización de la arteria renal previa a nefrectomía
Authors: Arboleda-Gómez Diego Alejandro , Lopera-Valle Johan Sebastián , Rueda-Cárdenas Luisa Fernanda , Vergara-Cadavid Juliana Andrea , Hidalgo-Oviedo José Miguel 
Published: February 2020

Resumen
Objetivo Describir la evolución perioperatoria de pacientes sometidos a nefrectomía con y sin embolización de la arteria renal (EAR) prequirúrgica, en un hospital de alta complejidad de Medellín, Colombia.
Materiales y Métodos Observacional descriptivo retrospectivo; se incluyeron pacientes de 18–90 años con diagnóstico de tumor renal, sometidos a nefrectomía con y sin EAR prequirúrgica. Las variables cualitativas se expresaron por medio de frecuencias y proporciones, y las cuantitativas mediante medidas de tendencia central y dispersión.
Resultados Se incluyeron 71 pacientes con una media de edad de 58,1 (DE: 10,6) años, 41 eran mujeres y el 69% tenía diagnóstico de carcinoma de células claras. La media del volumen de sangrado intraoperatorio fue de 540,8 cc, y 19,7% requirió transfusión. El tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 2,6 horas y el 38% presentó alguna complicación, con una mortalidad total del 4,2%. Al observar comparativamente los pacientes con EAR (15 pacientes) versus aquellos sin ella (56 pacientes), se identificó un mayor volumen de sangrado intraoperatorio y la necesidad de transfusión en los primeros.
Conclusión Los pacientes sometidos a EAR presentaron un mayor volumen de sangrado, mayor frecuencia de transfusión y complicaciones postoperatorias, siendo necesario un consenso sobre su real pertinencia terapéutica.
Subdural Hematoma Complicating Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts: An Algerian Centers Experience
Authors: Assoumane Ibrahim , Al-Zekri M. , Khelifa A. , Touati N. , Lagha N. , Sidi Said A. , Morsli A. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction Subdural hematoma can occur as a complication of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS), and it should be considered in any patient who present a shunt dysfunction or who does not show the expected recovery after revision of a shunt. Computed tomography (CT) scan is a quick and easy way of detecting subdural hematoma.
Materials and Methods We conduct a retrospective study of 17 patients. All of them are admitted for a subdural hematoma on a VPS. The diagnosis in 13 cases is made by CT scan; three cases by brain MRI.
Results We operated 16 patients and the evacuation of the hematoma with revision of the shunt was performed; we used an adjustable shunt for three patients and endoscopic third ventriculostomy in one case. The operative outcomes were favorable in 12 patients; there were 4 recurrences, 2 of which required evacuation of the hematoma through a bone flap.
Conclusion The subdural hematoma is a complication observed during the surgical treatment of the hydrocephalus and can be a serious issue. We suggest that a brain CT scan should be routinely performed in symptomatic patients with VPS.
Robotic-Assisted DIEP Flap Harvest for Autologous Breast Reconstruction: A Comparative Feasibility Study on a Cadaveric Model
Authors: Bustos Samyd S. , Manrique Oscar J. , Mohan Anita T. , Nguyen Minh-Doan , Martinez-Jorge Jorys , Forte Antonio J. , Terzic Andre 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background The deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is the most common perforator flap for microsurgical breast reconstruction. Contrary to the conventional open approach, robotic-assisted DIEP flap harvest intends to preserve ARS integrity, thereby reducing the morbidity. We assessed the feasibility and compared performance outcomes of a robotic, cadaveric training model for DIEP flap harvest using two approaches: transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and totally extraperitoneal (TEP).
Methods A robotics system (da Vinci Xi) was applied in conjunction with a cadaveric training model. Ports were placed in the abdominal wall to triangulate each DIEP flap. Surgical time and technical characteristics were recorded. Values were analyzed and compared.
Results Eight female cadavers (16 hemi-DIEP flaps) were dissected: 50% TAPP and 50% TEP approaches. Mean harvest time was 56 minutes (range: 48–74 minutes) and 65 minutes (range: 60–83 minutes) for TAPP versus TEP groups, respectively (p < 0.05). Mean pedicle dissection time was 36 minutes (range: 25–40 minutes) and 39 minutes (range: 30–42 minutes) for TAPP versus TEP groups, respectively (p > 0.05). Intra-abdominal contents were manipulated twice on average in the TAPP group versus 0 times in the TEP group (p < 0.05). One TAPP case had an injury to the bowel, and one TEP case was converted to conventional open due to pneumoperitoneum.
Conclusion Robotic-assisted DIEP flap harvest represents a technological enhancement for advanced regenerative plastic surgery. Our model demonstrated both TAPP and TEP are feasible, with TEP less invasive, preserving the posterior rectus sheath, and decreasing complication risks. However, there is a steeper and longer learning curve for TEP.
The effect of TiN inclusions on the fracture mechanism of 20CrMnTi steel with lath martensite
Authors: Zhu Yong , Lu Ye-Mao , Huang Chao-Wen , Liang Yi-Long 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of TiN inclusions on the fracture mechanism of 20CrMnTi steel with martensite. Size of martensite packets, blocks and TiN inclusions were characterized, and the room-temperature tensile properties, impact toughness and fracture toughness were tested of 20CrMnTi steel quenched at different temperatures. The effects of TiN inclusions on the impact toughness and fracture toughness were investigated according to the Hall-Petch relationship. The results show that, TiN inclusions are high temperature stable phases which insoluble to the matrix, mostly squared in shape and dispersed. The impact toughness and fracture toughness of 20CrMnTi steel decrease with increasing sizes of the initial austenite grains, martensite packets and blocks as the quenching temperature increases. Interestingly, the TiN inclusions strongly affect the toughness of the 20CrMnTi steel in the fracture and the fine-grained sample has a better toughness. Under high-stress concentrations, TiN inclusion particles can initiate cleavage cracking.
Monolithic integration of display driver circuits and displays manufactured by screen printing
Authors: Andersson Ersman Peter , Zabihipour Marzieh , Tu Deyu , Lassnig Roman , Strandberg Jan , Åhlin Jessica , Nilsson Marie , Westerberg David , Gustafsson Göran , Berggren Magnus , Forchheimer Robert , Fabiano Simone 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Here, we report all-screen printed display driver circuits, based on organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs), and their monolithic integration with organic electrochromic displays (OECDs). Both OECTs and OECDs operate at low voltages and have similar device architectures, and, notably, they rely on the very same electroactive material as well as on the same electrochemical switching mechanism. This then allows us to manufacture OECT-OECD circuits in a concurrent manufacturing process entirely based on screen printing methods. By taking advantage of the high current throughput capability of OECTs, we further demonstrate their ability to control the light emission in traditional light-emitting diodes (LEDs), where the actual LED addressing is achieved by an OECT-based decoder circuit. The possibility to monolithically integrate all-screen printed OECTs and OECDs on flexible plastic foils paves the way for distributed smart sensor labels and similar Internet of Things applications.
Factors associated with non-prescription of oral anticoagulant treatment in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients with dementia: a CPRD–HES study
Authors: Besford Megan , Graham Sophie , Sammon Cormac , Mehmud Faisal , Allan Victoria , Alikhan Raza , Ramagopalan Sreeram 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Dementia is a common comorbidity in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and treatment guidelines recommend oral anticoagulant (OAC) therapy for AF patients with dementia unless concordance cannot be ensured by the caregiver. Despite this, the literature reports a low prescribing of OAC treatment in these patients.
This study investigated possible factors associated with non-prescribing of OAC treatment in dementia patients newly diagnosed with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) at age ≥ 65 years between 2013 and 2017 using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episodes Statistics databases.
Of 1090 dementia patients newly diagnosed with NVAF, 693 (63.6%) patients did not have a prescription for an OAC in the year following their diagnosis. The likelihood of experiencing a thromboembolic event was high, with 97% of the population having a CHA2DS2-VASc score &gt; 2; however, little difference in the presence of stroke risk factors was observed between the prescribed and non-prescribed groups. The presence of bleeding risk factors was high; only 28 (2.6%) of patients did not have a previous fall or a HAS-BLED bleeding risk factor. A history of falls [OR = 0.76, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) (0.58, 0.98)], previous major bleed [OR = 0.56, 95% CI (0.43, 0.73)] and care home residence [OR = 0.47, 95% CI (0.30, 0.74)] were associated with not having an OAC prescription.
The results suggest that dementia patients with NVAF and certain risk bleeding risk factors are less likely to be prescribed an OAC. Further work is needed to establish possible relationships between bleeding risk factors and other potential drivers of OAC prescribing.
Base Rates of Invalid Test Performance Across Clinical Non-forensic Contexts and Settings
Authors: Martin Phillip K , Schroeder Ryan W 
Published: February 2020

Abstract

Objective
Base rates of invalidity in forensic neuropsychological contexts are well explored and believed to approximate 40%, whereas base rates of invalidity across clinical non-forensic contexts are relatively less known.

Methods
Adult-focused neuropsychologists (n = 178) were surveyed regarding base rates of invalidity across various clinical non-forensic contexts and practice settings. Median values were calculated and compared across contexts and settings.

Results
The median estimated base rate of invalidity across clinical non-forensic evaluations was 15%. When examining specific clinical contexts and settings, base rate estimates varied from 5% to 50%. Patients with medically unexplained symptoms (50%), external incentives (25%–40%), and oppositional attitudes toward testing (37.5%) were reported to have the highest base rates of invalidity. Patients with psychiatric illness, patients evaluated for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and patients with a history of mild traumatic brain injury were also reported to invalidate testing at relatively high base rates (approximately 20%). Conversely, patients presenting for dementia evaluation and patients with none of the previously mentioned histories and for whom invalid testing was unanticipated were estimated to produce invalid testing in only 5% of cases. Regarding practice setting, Veterans Affairs providers reported base rates of invalidity to be nearly twice that of any other clinical settings.

Conclusions
Non-forensic clinical patients presenting with medically unexplained symptoms, external incentives, or oppositional attitudes are reported to invalidate testing at base rates similar to that of forensic examinees. The impact of context-specific base rates on the clinical evaluation of invalidity is discussed.