bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilising NV based quantum sensing for velocimetry at the nanoscale
Authors: Cohen Daniel , Nigmatullin Ramil , Kenneth Oded , Jelezko Fedor , Khodas Maxim , Retzker Alex 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds have been shown in recent years to be excellent magnetometers on the nanoscale. One of the recent applications of the quantum sensor is retrieving the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrum of a minute sample, whose net polarization is well below the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of classic devices. The information in the magnetic noise of diffusing particles has also been shown in decoherence spectroscopy approaches to provide a method for measuring different physical parameters. Similar noise is induced on the NV center by a flowing liquid. However, when the noise created by diffusion effects is more dominant than the noise of the drift, it is unclear whether the velocity can be efficiently estimated. Here we propose a non-intrusive setup for measuring the drift velocity near the surface of a flow channel based on magnetic field quantum sensing using NV centers. We provide a detailed analysis of the sensitivity for different measurement protocols, and we show that our nanoscale velocimetry scheme outperforms current fluorescence based approaches even when diffusion noise is dominant. Our scheme can be applied for the investigation of microfluidic channels, where the drift velocity is usually low and the flow properties are currently unclear. A better understanding of these properties is essential for the future development of microfluidic and nanofluidic infrastructures.
Extracellular vesicles derived from human adipose-derived stem cells promote the exogenous angiogenesis of fat grafts via the let-7/AGO1/VEGF signalling pathway
Authors: Zhu Yuanzheng , Zhang Jing , Hu Xuan , Wang Zhaohui , Wu Shu , Yi Yangyan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) possess the proangiogenic potential for ischaemic diseases. Thus, our study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of hADSC-EVs on fat grafting and explore the mechanism of hADSC-EVs promoting angiogenesis. The EVs released by hADSCs incubated under normal or hypoxic conditions were employed to supplement fat grafting in a nude mouse model. The proliferation, migration, tube formation and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion of vascular endothelial cells co-cultured with two kinds of hADSC-EVs were analysed. MicroRNA sequencing was performed to reveal the species and content of microRNAs in hADSC-EVs, the key microRNAs were blocked, and their effect in promoting angiogenesis was detected via above protocols as a reverse proof. The results demonstrate that hADSC-EVs could improve the survival of fat grafts by promoting exogenous angiogenesis and enhance the proliferation, migration, tube formation and VEGF secretion of vascular endothelial cells. In addition, the pro-angiogenic effect of hADSC-EVs in vivo and vitro could be enhanced by hypoxic pre-treatment. We found that the let-7 family, a kind of hypoxic-related microRNA, is enriched in hypoxic hADSC-EVs that contribute to angiogenesis via the let-7/argonaute 1 (AGO1)/VEGF signalling pathway.
Sirtuins transduce STACs signals through steroid hormone receptors
Authors: Bayele Henry K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSIRT1 protects against several complex metabolic and ageing-related diseases (MARDs), and is therefore considered a polypill target to improve healthy ageing. Although dietary sirtuin-activating compounds (dSTACs) including resveratrol are promising drug candidates, their clinical application has been frustrated by an imprecise understanding of how their signals are transduced into increased healthspan. Recent work indicates that SIRT1 and orthologous sirtuins coactivate the oestrogen receptor/ER and the worm steroid receptor DAF-12. Here they are further shown to ligand-independently transduce dSTACs signals through these receptors. While some dSTACs elicit ER subtype-selectivity in the presence of hormone, most synergize with 17β-oestradiol and dafachronic acid respectively to increase ER and DAF-12 coactivation by the sirtuins. These data suggest that dSTACs functionally mimic gonadal steroid hormones, enabling sirtuins to transduce the cognate signals through a conserved endocrine pathway. Interestingly, resveratrol non-monotonically modulates sirtuin signalling, suggesting that it may induce hormesis, i.e. “less is more”. Together, the findings suggest that dSTACs may be informational molecules that use exploitative mimicry to modulate sirtuin signalling through steroid receptors. Hence dSTACs’ intrinsic oestrogenicity may underlie their proven ability to impart the health benefits of oestradiol, and also provides a mechanistic insight into how they extend healthspan or protect against MARDs.
Advanced gelatin-based vascularization bioinks for extrusion-based bioprinting of vascularized bone equivalents
Authors: Leucht A. , Volz A.-C. , Rogal J. , Borchers K. , Kluger P. J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBone tissue is highly vascularized. The crosstalk of vascular and osteogenic cells is not only responsible for the formation of the strongly divergent tissue types but also for their physiological maintenance and repair. Extrusion-based bioprinting presents a promising fabrication method for bone replacement. It allows for the production of large-volume constructs, which can be tailored to individual tissue defect geometries. In this study, we used the all-gelatin-based toolbox of methacryl-modified gelatin (GM), non-modified gelatin (G) and acetylated GM (GMA) to tailor both the properties of the bioink towards improved printability, and the properties of the crosslinked hydrogel towards enhanced support of vascular network formation by simple blending. The vasculogenic behavior of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) and human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) was evaluated in the different hydrogel formulations for 14 days. Co-culture constructs including a vascular component and an osteogenic component (i.e. a bone bioink based on GM, hydroxyapatite and ASCs) were fabricated via extrusion-based bioprinting. Bioprinted co-culture constructs exhibited functional tissue-specific cells whose interplay positively affected the formation and maintenance of vascular-like structures. The setup further enabled the deposition of bone matrix associated proteins like collagen type I, fibronectin and alkaline phosphatase within the 30-day culture.
Root traits of dryland winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from the 1940s to the 2010s in Shaanxi Province, China
Authors: Sun Yingying , Zhang Suiqi , Chen Wei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEight cultivars of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) adapted to dryland conditions that have been historically planted in Shaanxi Province, China, were grown in plots with irrigation and drought treatments during the growing seasons of 2010–2012 to characterize the changes in root system traits and water use efficiency during the replacement of cultivars. The results showed that the overall root size of dryland wheat cultivars in Shaanxi Province changed with the planting decade. Modern cultivars developed after the 2000s had larger root surface areas than older cultivars under the drought treatment, especially at soil depths of 0–40 cm. However, the total water consumption throughout the stages showed no obvious changes among cultivars. The yield significantly increased with the planting decade, and the water use efficiency showed an average increase of 47.07% from the earliest to the most recent studied cultivar. Water stress promoted larger root sizes than those found in the irrigation treatment, especially at maturity. A trend toward a lower stress susceptibility index was observed over the decades, indicating that the sizes of modern cultivar roots increased less in the drought treatment than in the irrigation treatment. Both the roots and yields of the landrace cultivar from the 1940s showed low sensitivity to drought and better adjustment between the different water conditions. The study revealed that (1) modern wheat cultivars in Shaanxi Province possess higher water use efficiencies and decreased drought resilience and (2) the selection of ideal root traits should consider stable yields under different water conditions.
CYP2J2 Modulates Diverse Transcriptional Programs in Adult Human Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Evangelista Eric A. , Aliwarga Theresa , Sotoodehnia Nona , Jensen Paul N. , McKnight Barbara , Lemaitre Rozenn N. , Totah Rheem A. , Gharib Sina A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCYP2J2, a member of the Cytochrome P450 family of enzymes, is the most abundant epoxygenase in the heart and has multifunctional properties including bioactivation of arachidonic acid to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, which, in turn, have been implicated in mediating several cardiovascular conditions. Using a proteomic approach, we found that CYP2J2 expression is lower in cardiac tissue from patients with cardiomyopathy compared to controls. In order to better elucidate the complex role played by CYP2J2 in cardiac cells, we performed targeted silencing of CYP2J2 expression in human adult ventricular cardiomyocytes and interrogated whole genome transcriptional responses. We found that knockdown of CYP2J2 elicits widespread alterations in gene expression of ventricular cardiomyocytes and leads to the activation of a diverse repertoire of programs, including those involved in ion channel signaling, development, extracellular matrix, and metabolism. Several members of the differentially up-regulated ion channel module have well-known pathogenetic roles in cardiac dysrhythmias. By leveraging causal network and upstream regulator analysis, we identified several candidate drivers of the observed transcriptional response to CYP2J2 silencing; these master regulators have been implicated in aberrant cardiac remodeling, heart failure, and myocyte injury and repair. Collectively, our study demonstrates that CYP2J2 plays a central and multifaceted role in cardiomyocyte homeostasis and provides a framework for identifying critical regulators and pathways influenced by this gene in cardiovascular health and disease.
A machine learning-based test for adult sleep apnoea screening at home using oximetry and airflow
Authors: Álvarez Daniel , Cerezo-Hernández Ana , Crespo Andrea , Gutiérrez-Tobal Gonzalo C. , Vaquerizo-Villar Fernando , Barroso-García Verónica , Moreno Fernando , Arroyo C. Ainhoa , Ruiz Tomás , Hornero Roberto , del Campo Félix 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe most appropriate physiological signals to develop simplified as well as accurate screening tests for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) remain unknown. This study aimed at assessing whether joint analysis of at-home oximetry and airflow recordings by means of machine-learning algorithms leads to a significant diagnostic performance increase compared to single-channel approaches. Consecutive patients showing moderate-to-high clinical suspicion of OSA were involved. The apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) from unsupervised polysomnography was the gold standard. Oximetry and airflow from at-home polysomnography were parameterised by means of 38 time, frequency, and non-linear variables. Complementarity between both signals was exhaustively inspected via automated feature selection. Regression support vector machines were used to estimate the AHI from single-channel and dual-channel approaches. A total of 239 patients successfully completed at-home polysomnography. The optimum joint model reached 0.93 (95%CI 0.90–0.95) intra-class correlation coefficient between estimated and actual AHI. Overall performance of the dual-channel approach (kappa: 0.71; 4-class accuracy: 81.3%) significantly outperformed individual oximetry (kappa: 0.61; 4-class accuracy: 75.0%) and airflow (kappa: 0.42; 4-class accuracy: 61.5%). According to our findings, oximetry alone was able to reach notably high accuracy, particularly to confirm severe cases of the disease. Nevertheless, oximetry and airflow showed high complementarity leading to a remarkable performance increase compared to single-channel approaches. Consequently, their joint analysis via machine learning enables accurate abbreviated screening of OSA at home.
The function of bacterial HtrA is evolutionally conserved in mammalian HtrA2/Omi
Authors: Chung Hea-Jong , Jamal Mohammad Abu Hena Mostofa , Hong Seong-Tshool 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAlthough the malfunction of HtrA2/Omi leads to Parkinson’s disease (PD), the underlying mechanism has remained unknown. Here, we showed that HtrA2/Omi specifically removed oligomeric α-Syn but not monomeric α-Syn to protect oligomeric α-Syn-induced neurodegeneration. Experiments using mnd2 mice indicated that HtrA2/Omi degraded oligomeric α-Syn specifically without affecting monomers. Transgenic Drosophila melanogaster experiments of the co-expression α-Syn and HtrA2/Omi and expression of genes individually also confirmed that pan-neuronal expression of HtrA2/Omi completely rescued Parkinsonism in the α-Syn-induced PD Drosophila model by specifically removing oligomeric α-Syn. HtrA2/Omi maintained the health and integrity of the brain and extended the life span of transgenic flies. Because HtrA2/Omi specifically degraded oligomeric α-Syn, co-expression of HtrA2/Omi and α-Syn in Drosophila eye maintained a healthy retina, while the expression of α-Syn induced retinal degeneration. This work showed that the bacterial function of HtrA to degrade toxic misfolded proteins is evolutionarily conserved in mammalian brains as HtrA2/Omi.
Cellular processes involved in lung cancer cells exposed to direct current electric field
Authors: Li Huijuan , Liu Shibin , Yang Xue , Du Yongqian , Luo Jiezhang , Tan Jie , Sun Yulong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWith the rapid breakthrough of electrochemical treatment of tumors, electric field (EF)-sensitive genes, previously rarely exploited, have become an emerging field recently. Here, we reported our work for the identification of EF-sensitive genes in lung cancer cells. The gene expression profile (GSE33845), in which the human lung cancer CL1-0 cells were treated with a direct current electric field (dcEF) (300 mV/mm) for 2 h, was retrieved from GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were acquired, followed by Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Hub genes were acquired and analyzed by various tools including the Human Protein Atlas, Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cytoscape, FunRich, Oncomine and cBioPortal. Subsequently, three-dimensional protein models of hub genes were modeled by Modeller 9.20 and Rosetta 3.9. Finally, a 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation for each hub protein was performed with GROMACS 2018.2. A total of 257 DEGs were acquired and analyzed by GO, KEGG and PPI. Then, 10 hub genes were obtained, and the signal pathway analysis showed that two inflammatory pathways were activated: the FoxO signaling pathway and the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. The molecular dynamic analysis including RMSD and the radius of gyration hinted that the 3D structures of hub proteins were built. Overall, our work identified EF-sensitive genes in lung cancer cells and identified that the inflammatory state of tumor cells may be involved in the feedback mechanism of lung cancer cells in response to electric field stimulation. In addition, qualified three-dimensional protein models of hub genes were also constructed, which will be helpful in understanding the complex effects of dcEF on human lung cancer CL1-0 cells.
Waterproof perovskites: high fluorescence quantum yield and stability from a methylammonium lead bromide/formate mixture in water
Authors: Khan Yeasin , Ahn Yohan , Lee Hyuna , Jeong Jaeki , Shin Yun Seop , Lee Je Seung , Kwon Jang Hyuk , Kim Jin Young , Kim Hoon Sik , Seo Jung Hwa , Walker Bright 
Published: March 2020

We’ve observed intense, water-stable fluorescence from lead formate crystals when they are precipitated from a CH3NH3PbBr3 (MAPbBr3) perovskite precursor solution.
Importance of state regulation of the tourism industry In the Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors: Lipkova Ludmila , Madiyarova Ainur , Blembayeva Aigerim 
Published: March 2020

Tourism is a complex, highly profitable cross-industry complex and is one of the main sectors of the world economy. It is recognized as one of the most effective tools for supporting and stimulating the development of local, regional and national economies in many countries of the world.
Often, tourism proved to be a lever in different countries, the use of which made it possible to improve the entire national economy of the country. In many countries, tourism plays a significant role in shaping the gross domestic product, creating additional jobs and employment, and activating the foreign trade balance. Tourism has a huge impact on such key sectors of the economy as transport and communications, construction, agriculture, production of consumer goods, and others, i.e. it acts as a kind of catalyst for social and economic development.
The experience of foreign countries shows that it is possible to achieve competitiveness in the world tourism market by developing new forms of economic integration between the state, tourism business and the country’s population. Therefore, the formation and creation of favorable conditions for the effective functioning of tourist clusters is one of the priorities of the state tourism policy of Kazakhstan.
Enseignement théorique et exposition à la gestion pharmaceutique lors de l’internat en pharmacie hospitalière : perspectives québécoise et française
Authors: Videau Manon , Burguière Justine , Holscher Éléonore , Porteils Céline , Paubel Pascal , Bussières Jean-François 
Published: March 2020

Contexte : Exercer la pharmacie en établissement de santé requiert des habiletés de gestion hospitalière et repose sur de bonnes connaissances acquises à l’université et par la pratique. Objectif : Comparer la formation théorique et l’exposition à la gestion pharmaceutique hospitalière (GPH) lors de l’internat en pharmacie hospitalière au Québec et en France. Méthodes : Il s’agit d’une étude descriptive et comparative. À partir des programmes académiques québécois (universités de Laval et de Montréal) et français (universités de Paris Descartes, Lille, Montpellier, Lyon), des outils pédagogiques ainsi que des textes normatifs, sept thématiques ont permis de définir la GPH et ont été utilisés comme variable de comparaison. Les résultats sont présentés dans trois tableaux distincts (profils comparés de la formation théorique, des expositions en GPH et des sept thématiques de la formation théorique et de l’exposition à la GPH) et ont été recueillis auprès d’un panel d’étudiants composé de quatre internes français dans le cadre d’échanges avec des résidents québécois. Aucune analyse statistique n’a été utilisée. Résultats : Académiquement, un programme de GPH obligatoire existe au Québec dirigé par un intervenant. En France, le programme de GPH est divisé en différentes notions abordées dans plusieurs enseignements obligatoires ou facultatifs menés par divers intervenants. Au sein des établissements de santé, les internes français ont plus d’opportunités d’exposition à la GPH que les québécois en raison de la durée de l’internat, de la diversité des stages (polyvalence) et de l’autonomie attendue. Conclusion : L’enseignement et l’exposition à la GPH diffèrent entre le Québec et la France et les approches sont complémentaires.
Avaliação do ângulo de Southwick em duzentos quadris de crianças e adolescentes assintomáticos
Authors: Monte Felipe Alves , Melo Paulo Sergio , Alves Amaro , Oliveira Junior José Venâncio , Alencar George , Soares Fabio Couto 
Published: March 2020

Resumo
Objetivos Medir o valor médio do ângulo de Southwick utilizando dois métodos diferentes, manual (1) e digital (2), e estabelecer um valor de normalidade.
Métodos Estudo primariamente descritivo, realizado com 100 crianças e adolescentes. Foram excluídos indivíduos que apresentavam queixa ortopédica nos quadris e/ou joelhos, ou alterações de marcha. Para cada paciente, foi realizada uma radiografia na incidência lateral de Lowenstein, totalizando 100 radiografias e 200 quadris. O ângulo de Southwick foi medido de duas formas pelo mesmo pesquisador: pelo método convencional (1), traçando-se as retas com lápis e medindo o ângulo com o uso de goniômetro e negatoscópio, e por meio do editor de imagem GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP; código aberto), versão 2.7.0 (2), no qual foram traçadas as linhas e aferidos os ângulos de ambos os quadris em cada radiografia. Posteriormente, buscou-se avaliar a correlação entre os dois métodos e verificar o ângulo médio de Southwick correlacionando-o categoricamente por gênero, faixa etária e índice de massa corpórea (IMC) em adolescentes e crianças assintomáticos. Todas as radiografias foram autorizadas pelos responsáveis. O estudo foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética das instituições em que a pesquisa foi realizada.
Resultados A média do ângulo de Southwick obtida pelo método convencional foi de 8,7° (±2,0°), e pelo método digital, foi de 9,9° (±1,8°). O ângulo obtido pelas duas formas teve significância estatística (p < 0,001). A maioria da população estudada (95%) tinha índice de massa corpórea (IMC) > 18,5, e a média dos ângulos esteve dentro do valor previamente estabelecido como normal (∼ 10°).
Conclusão Demonstrou-se, pela primeira vez, utilizando uma amostra substanciosa, um valor normal do ângulo de Southwick medido em indivíduos assintomáticos. Além disso, o editor de imagem mostrou ser um método confiável para mensuração do ângulo de Southwick.
Effect of dry needling on submaximal strength and pain in patients with active myofascial trigger points in the rectus femoris: A case series
Authors: López Royo María Pilar , Jiménez Sánchez Carolina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA myofascial trigger point (MTrP) is a hyperirritable area of a skeletal muscle, of nodular appearance on palpation and located in a taut band. One of the techniques for the treatment of MTrP is dry needling (DN). The aim of the present work was to determine whether treatment with DN is effective in terms of pain relief and improvement of muscle weakness. For this purpose, differences in the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the Brzycki Test were observed before and after treatment of an active MTrP of the rectus femoris. In total, 5 patients received the treatment, of which 80% showed an improvement in pain and an increase in submaximal strength. Although it is not possible to establish a causal relationship, the results appear consistent with our hypothesis that DN is able to generally improve the symptoms of pain and weakness that appeared in patients.