bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interannual variation in the coastal distribution of a juvenile gadid in the northeast Pacific Ocean: The relevance of wind and effect on recruitment
Authors: Wilson Matthew T. , Laman Ned 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDrift of propagules occurs within many populations inhabiting flow fields. This affects the number of propagules that rejoin their source population (recruitment) and plays a role in adaptive spatial redistribution. We focus on the cause and consequence of interannual variation in geographic distribution of population density among five cohorts of young‐of‐the‐year (age‐0) juvenile walleye pollock Gadus chalcogrammus in the western Gulf of Alaska (GOA). The coastal GOA is a wind‐driven advective system. Walleye pollock spawn during spring and their eggs and larvae drift southwestward; by late summer, age‐0 juveniles are variously distributed over the shelf. We found that high population densities of age‐0 juveniles (ca. 6 months old) near the southwestward exit of the Alaska Coastal Current from the GOA corresponded with high abundance of larvae from the major spawning area upstream, but did not translate into high abundance at older ages. Further, offshore and upwelling‐favorable winds were associated with the high downstream abundance and presumed export. In contrast, downwelling‐favorable (northeasterly) wind during and shortly after spawning (April–May) was associated with high recruitment at age 1. Finally, we found that recruitment also increased with apparent retention of age‐0 juveniles in favorable habitat upstream near the main spawning area. We hypothesize that wind‐related retention in superior upstream habitat favors recruitment. Our results argue for including wind‐driven transport in future walleye pollock recruitment models. We encourage more work on the juvenile stage of marine fishes aimed at understanding how transport and species‐specific habitat suitability interact to affect population response to large‐scale forcing.
Tameness correlates with domestication related traits in a Red Junglefowl intercross
Authors: Katajamaa Rebecca , Jensen Per 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEarly animal domestication may have been driven by selection on tameness. Selection on only tameness can bring about correlated selection responses in other traits, not intentionally selected upon, which may be one cause of the domesticated phenotype. We predicted that genetically reduced fear towards humans in Red Junglefowl, ancestors of domesticated chickens, would be correlated to other traits included in the domesticated phenotype. Fear level was determined by a standardised behaviour test, where the reaction towards an approaching human was recorded. We first selected birds for eight generations for either high or low fear levels in this test, to create two divergent selection lines. An F3 intercross, with birds from the eighth generation as parentals, was generated to study correlations between fear‐of‐human scores and other unselected phenotypes, possibly caused by pleiotropy or linkage. Low fear‐of‐human scores were associated with higher body weight and growth rates, and with increased activity in an open field test, indicating less general fearfulness. In females, low fear‐of‐human scores were also associated with more efficient fear habituation and in males with an increased tendency to emit food calls in a mirror test, indicating increased social dominance. Low fear‐of‐human scores were also associated with smaller brain relative to body weight, and with larger cerebrum relative to total brain weight in females. All these effects are in line with the changes observed in domesticated chickens compared to their ancestors, and we conclude that tameness may have been a driving factor underlying some aspects of the domesticated phenotype.
Tickbite‐associated chronic pruritic lesions in an Afro‐descendant population in the Cauca Department, Colombia. I. Clinical features and impact on health
Authors: Weber Niklas , Trujillo‐Trujillo Julian , Krücken Jürgen , Michl Christiane , Hidalgo Maryln E. , Appráez‐Ippolito Giovanni , Castillo Felipe , Feldmeier Hermann , Sunderkötter Cord 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundDuring a health survey in a remote area in southwest Colombia, it became apparent that a high percentage of the population suffered from chronic pruritus in association with high numbers of ticks and tickbites.ObjectiveTo determine the clinical features and severity of tickbite‐associated pruritus.MethodAt twotime points – 8 weeks apart to account for seasonal effects – a cross‐sectional study was conducted encompassing physical examination of the population, histological analysis of skin biopsies, and determining serum for antibodies against spotted fever (SFG) rickettsiae and typhus group (TG) rickettsiae. Ticks were identified using morphological criteria, and infection by rickettsiae was determined by PCR.ResultsAbout 94.5% of the population (95% CI 92–97%) showed clinical signs of a pruritic arthropod reaction and of chronic pruritus with lichenoid papules and hyper‐ and hypopigmented nodules on otherwise noninflamed skin. Pruritus markedly impaired the quality of life in terms of sleeping disturbances. No signs for other diseases were observed. Chronic pruritus appeared to be because of repeated tickbites and scratching, but not because of other dermatological or medical conditions. Antibodies against SFG and TG‐rickettsiae were detected at 79.0% (95% CI 73–86) and 3.6% (95% CI 0.7–6), respectively. Ticks were identified as Amblyomma cajennense.ConclusionRemarkably high exposure to tick bites caused an unusually high rate of acute and chronic pruritus and markedly impaired quality of life of the investigated rural community. This underlines the necessity of public health measures and surveillance of rickettsial disease.
Connecting theory with practice: Time to explore social reality and rethink resilience among health professionals
Authors: Aburn Gemma , Hoare Karen , Adams Peter , Gott Merryn 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimTo discuss and contrast different theoretical perspectives of resilience and explore the value these bring to understanding health professional well‐being.BackgroundResilience has been used to describe one characteristic of health professionals who work in challenging areas, such as intensive care units, emergency departments and oncology settings. Studies have reported on how health professionals can become more resilient in these settings—with a focus on individuals—describing the conditions needed to become more resilient.DesignThis is a Discussion paper.Data SourcesThis paper draws on the extant literature to explore theoretical perspectives of social constructionism and social constructivism. These perspectives are then linked to recent literature to support the discussion of how resilience can be understood and considered in the context of health professionals.Implications for NursingResilience is typically conceptualized at an individual level. This manuscript highlights the broader structural factors which impact health practitioner well‐being. The benefits of a resilient workforce are known to have an impact on the quality of patient care.ConclusionThis paper argues that resilience should be considered from a social approach that is sensitive to the context, including the relationships an individual has within their social environment.
Prospective cohort 3D study of dental arches in children with bilateral orofacial cleft: Assessment of volume and superimposition
Authors: Ambrosio Eloá Cristina Passucci , Sforza Chiarella , de Menezes Márcio , Carrara Cleide Felício Carvalho , Soares Simone , Machado Maria Aparecida Andrade Moreira , Oliveira Thais Marchini 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundCohort studies have evaluated dental arches of children.AimTo evaluate the volumetric, linear, palatal surface area, and the dental arch superimposition of participants with bilateral complete cleft lip (BCL) and bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) surgically treated in a specialized hospital.DesignOne hundred and thirty six digitized dental models evaluated before cheiloplasty (T1), after cheiloplasty (T2), and after palatoplasty (T3). The stereophotogrammetry software analysed the volume, palate superimposition, linear, and area measurements.ResultsIn BCL group, at T2, C–C′, T–T′, area, and volume significantly increased (P = .000, P < .000, P = .010 e P = .003, respectively). In BCLP group, the comparison T3 × T1 showed that C–C′ decreased, whereas T–T′ and the area increased (P < .000, P < .000, P = .000). The volume increased at T2, but decreased at T3 (P < .000) in participants with BCLP. The intergroup analysis revealed that C–C′, T–T′, I–C′, and I–C were significantly smaller in participants with BCLP (P < .000, P = .016, P = .001 e P = .020, respectively), whereas the volume, superimposition, and area were statistically similar between groups (P > .05).ConclusionThe comparison between bilateral orofacial clefts showed reduction in the transversal and anteroposterior linear measurements, but not in the area and volume, which was confirmed by the superimposition of the dental arches.
An Empirical Study of Operational Performance Parity Following Enterprise System Deployment
Authors: Cotteleer Mark J. 
Published: September 2020

This paper presents an empirical investigation into whether the implementation of packaged Enterprise Systems (ES) leads to parity in operational performance. Performance change and parity in operational performance are investigated in three geographically defined operating regions of a single firm. Order lead time, the elapsed time between receipt of an order and shipment to a customer, is used as a measure of operational performance. A single ES installation was deployed across all regions of the subject firm's operations. Findings illustrate parity as an immediate consequence of ES deployment. However, differences in rates of performance improvement following deployment eventually result in significant (albeit smaller than pre‐deployment) performance differences. An additional consequence of deployment seems to be an increased synchronization of performance across the formerly independent regions.
Morning and evening salivary melatonin, sleepiness and chronotype: A comparative study of nurses on fixed day and rotating night shifts
Authors: Bani Issa Wegdan , Abdul Rahman Hanif , Albluwi Najila , Samsudin A. B. Rani , Abraham Suma , Saqan Roba , Naing Lin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsTo compare morning and evening salivary melatonin levels, sleep quality and chronotype between nurses working fixed day shifts and those working rotating night shifts.BackgroundRotating night shift work is an inevitable part of nursing and is a major reason for disrupted sleep.DesignCross‐sectional comparative design.Participants and SettingsWe used cluster sampling to recruit 520 female nurses working fixed day and rotating night shifts in the United Arab Emirates.MethodsMorning and evening melatonin were measured from corresponding saliva samples. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index used to evaluate sleep quality and self‐assessment of preferred circadian times was used to assess participants’ chronotypes. Data were collected between October 2017–December 2018.ResultsRotating night shift nurses had significantly lower evening melatonin compared with the fixed day shift group. No significant difference was found in sleep quality between the groups, although more participants in the rotating night shift group (N = 110, 42.31%) expressed better sleep quality than those in the fixed day group (N = 90, 36.00). Participants in the rotating night shift group expressed better subjective sleep, longer sleep duration, less disturbed sleep and better daily function (p > .05) than the fixed day group. Rotating night shift participants were more likely to have evening or intermediate chronotypes and more likely to report alignment of shift work to their chronotype compared with fixed day shift participants (p = .001). Longer shift duration, marital status and city location were associated with reduced evening melatonin among nurses on rotating night shifts.ConclusionRotating night shift nurses showed evidence of better sleep than those from the fixed day shift. Proper shift assignment, chronotype and alignment with shift work appeared to produce better sleep quality.ImpactOrganizational policy must consider a novel model for work schedules that allow adequate off‐duty days for sleep recovery among nurses.
IFI30 expression is an independent unfavourable prognostic factor in glioma
Authors: Liu Xiu , Song Chunyan , Yang Shoubo , Ji Qiang , Chen Feng , Li Wenbin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGamma‐interferon‐inducible lysosomal thiol reductase, the only known lysosomal thiol reductase, is encoded by gene IFI30 and expressed constitutively in antigen‐presenting cells. Our comprehensive study on IFI30 in gliomas found its expression to be high in glioblastomas and in gliomas with a mesenchymal subtype or wild‐type isocitrate dehydrogenase, all of which indicated the malignancy and poor outcomes of gliomas. Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis ascertained that high IFI30 expression conferred poor outcomes. The IFI30 expression levels also showed high efficiency in predicting 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year overall survival. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed to define IFI30 as an independent prognostic marker. Biological process analysis suggested that IFI30 was involved in immune responses. ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT were applied to evaluate immune cell infiltration, with results indicating that samples with higher IFI30 expression had higher infiltration of immune cells, including regulatory T cells and M0 macrophages. Correlation analysis showed that IFI30 was significantly positively correlated with immune checkpoints that suppress effective antitumour immune responses. Immunohistochemical staining was also performed to confirm the association between IFI30 expression and the immune phenotype. The suggested correlation between high IFI30 expression and an immunosuppressive phenotype contributes to our knowledge about the glioma microenvironment and might provide clues for the development of novel therapeutic targets.
Recent advances on the roles of LncRNAs in cardiovascular disease
Authors: Fang Yexian , Xu Yuerong , Wang Runze , Hu Lang , Guo Dong , Xue Feng , Guo Wangang , Zhang Dongwei , Hu Jianqiang , Li Yan , Zhang Wei , Zhang Mingming 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCardiovascular diseases are a main cause of mortality whose prevalence continues to increase worldwide. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate a variety of biological processes by modifying and regulating transcription of coding genes, directly binding to proteins and even coding proteins themselves. LncRNAs play key roles in the occurrence and development of myocardial infarction, heart failure, myocardial hypertrophy, arrhythmias and other pathological processes that significantly affect the prognosis and survival of patients with cardiovascular diseases. We here review the latest research on lncRNAs in cardiovascular diseases as a basis to formulate future research on prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
LncRNA ARAP1‐AS2 promotes high glucose‐induced human proximal tubular cell injury via persistent transactivation of the EGFR by interacting with ARAP1
Authors: Li Xin , Ma Tian‐Kui , Wen Si , Li Lu‐Lu , Xu Li , Zhu Xin‐Wang , Zhang Cong‐Xiao , Liu Nan , Wang Xu , Fan Qiu‐Ling 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe persistent transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) causes subsequent activation of the TGF‐β/Smad3 pathway, which is closely associated with fibrosis and cell proliferation in diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the exact mechanism of persistent EGFR transactivation in DN remains unclear. ARAP1, a susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes, can regulate the endocytosis and ubiquitination of membrane receptors, but the effect of ARAP1 and its natural antisense long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA), ARAP1‐AS2, on the ubiquitination of EGFR in DN is not clear. In this study, we verified that the expression of ARAP1 and ARAP1‐AS2 was significantly up‐regulated in high glucose‐induced human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK‐2 cells). Moreover, we found that overexpression or knockdown of ARAP1‐AS2 could regulate fibrosis and HK‐2 cell proliferation through EGFR/TGF‐β/Smad3 signalling. RNA pulldown assays revealed that ARAP1‐AS2 directly interacts with ARAP1. Coimmunoprecipitation, dual‐immunofluorescence and ubiquitination assays showed that ARAP1 may maintain persistent EGFR activation by reducing EGFR ubiquitination through competing with Cbl for CIN85 binding. Taken together, our results suggest that the lncRNA ARAP1‐AS2 may promote high glucose‐induced proximal tubular cell injury via persistent EGFR/TGF‐β/Smad3 pathway activation by interacting with ARAP1.
Eva‐1 homolog A promotes papillary thyroid cancer progression and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition via the Hippo signalling pathway
Authors: Lin Bang‐Yi , Wen Jia‐Liang , Zheng Chen , Lin Li‐Zhi , Chen Cheng‐Ze , Qu Jin‐Miao 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecently, the incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing worldwide. Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common histological type of thyroid cancer. Whole‐transcriptome sequence analysis was performed to further understand the primary molecular mechanisms of the occurrence and progression of PTC. Results showed that Eva‐1 homolog A (EVA1A) may be a potential gene for the PTC‐associated gene in thyroid cancer. In this work, the role of EVA1A expression in thyroid cancer was investigated. Real‐time PCR was performed to detect the expression level of EVA1A in 43 pairs of PTC and four thyroid cancer cell lines. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to evaluate the relationship between the expression level of EVA1A and the pathological feature of PTC. The logistic regression analysis of the TCGA data set indicated that the expression of EVA1A was an independent risk factor for tumour, nde and metastasis (TNM) in PTC. This study shows the down‐regulation of EVA1A inhibited the colony formation, proliferation, migration and invasion of PTC cell lines. In the protein level, knockdown of EVA1A can regulate the expression of N‐cadherin, vimentin, Bcl‐xL, Bax, YAP and TAZ. This study indicated that EVA1A was an oncogene associated with PTC.
Sexually transmitted infections’ epidemiology and knowledge, attitude and practice survey in a set of migrants attending the sexual health clinic in Malta
Authors: Padovese V. , Farrugia A. , Almabrok Ali Ghath S. , Rossoni I. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe number of international migrants is estimated at 272 million people worldwide. In Europe, migrants face the disproportionate burden of infectious diseases, including hepatitis B and C, HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). High‐risk behaviours, sexual abuse, poor living conditions and barriers to accessing health care may affect migrants' sexual health, leading to infections.ObjectivesThe study evaluates STIs and HIV prevalence and knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in non‐European migrants attending the sexual health clinic in Malta. It also seeks to explore situations of human trafficking (HT), sex/gender‐based violence (S/GBV) and female genital mutilations (FGM).MethodsThis is a mixed‐method study, based on quantitative and qualitative research within a single centre. An anonymous pretested questionnaire was administered to non‐European migrants attending the genitourinary clinic (GUC) with the assistance of an ethnocultural agent. Demographics, STI diagnoses and risk behaviours were collected from the GUC database, linked to the questionnaires and analysed.ResultsA total of 143 migrants took part in the study, 73% were young male and 16.7% men who have sex with men (MSM). Forty‐one different nationalities were recorded, and the top ones were Nigerian (12%), Filipino (7.4%) and Chinese (5.4%). Concerning risk behaviours, 33.8% of respondents had never used a condom and 76.5% had had sex with multiple partners in the 6 months prior to the study. STI prevalence was 73.1%. Of the patients interviewed, six females were Chinese sex workers employed in massage parlours, potentially trafficked to Malta.ConclusionsThe study outcomes support the need of improving awareness about STIs/HIV risk and testing. In migrants at particular risk for HIV, combination prevention strategies should include access to pre‐exposure prophylaxis and antiretrovirals independently from migrants' legal status. Finally, STIs/HIV prevention in migrants should be linked with interventions tackling HT and other forms of S/GBV.
Impact of a reduced water salinity on the composition of Vibrio spp. in recirculating aquaculture systems for Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) and its possible risks for shrimp health and food safety
Authors: Bauer Julia , Teitge Felix , Neffe Lisa , Adamek Mikolaj , Jung Arne , Peppler Christina , Steinhagen Dieter , Jung‐Schroers Verena 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTropical shrimp, like Litopenaeus vannamei, in land‐based recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) are often kept at low water salinities to reduce costs for artificial sea salt and the amount of salty wastewater. Although these shrimp are tolerant against low salinities, innate immunity suppression and changes in the microbial composition in the water can occur. As especially Vibrio spp. are relevant for shrimp health, alterations in the species composition of the Vibrio community were analysed in water from six RAS, run at 15‰ or 30‰. Additionally, pathogenicity factors including pirA/B, VPI, toxR, toxS, vhh, vfh, tdh, trh, flagellin genes and T6SS1/2 of V. parahaemolyticus were analysed. The Vibrio composition differed significantly depending on water salinity. In RAS at 15‰, higher numbers of the potentially pathogenic species V. parahaemolyticus, V. owensii and V. campbellii were detected, and especially in V. parahaemolyticus, various pathogenicity factors were present. A reduced salinity may therefore pose a higher risk of disease outbreaks in shrimp RAS. Because some of the detected pathogenicity factors are relevant for human health, this might also affect food safety. In order to produce healthy shrimp as a safe food for human consumption, maintaining high water salinities seems to be recommendable.
Peripheral natural killer cell activity is associated with poor clinical outcomes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lee Hee Seung , Leem Galam , Kang Huapyong , Jo Jung Hyun , Chung Moon Jae , Jang Soo Jeong , Yoon Da Hae , Park Jeong Youp , Park Seung Woo , Song Si Young , Bang Seungmin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackground and AimWe aimed to measure the natural killer (NK) cell activity and pro‐inflammatory cytokine levels in the peripheral blood of pancreatic cancer patients and investigate the correlation of NK cell activity and cytokines with cancer status and clinical outcomes.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled patients who were pathologically diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) between 2016 and 2017 at a tertiary hospital in Seoul, South Korea. As a control group, healthy participants were enrolled by mobile application recruitment.ResultsA total of 203 patients were enrolled for this study (PDAC, n = 102; healthy participants, n = 101). The peripheral blood NK cell activity of PDAC patients was significantly lower than that of healthy participants (median level, 95 pg/mL vs 2000 pg/mL, P < 0.001), and decreased NK cell activity was correlated to poor clinical outcome in terms of response to chemotherapy, tumor progression, and survival. The pro‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐6 had a strong negative correlation with NK cell activity.ConclusionsIn pancreatic cancer patients, NK cell activity decreased as cancer progressed, and decreased NK cell activity was associated with poor clinical outcomes.