bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel design method of organic Rankine cycle system harvesting waste heat of heavy‐duty trucks based on off‐design performance
Authors: Shi Xiaolei , Wang Xuan , Cai Jinwen , Gao Yan , Tian Hua , Shu Gequn 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system can effectively recover waste heat from engines of heavy‐duty trucks, and is a promising method to improve the efficiency of on‐board engines. However, engine operating conditions fluctuate greatly while driving, the waste heat recovery system must often work under off‐design conditions, which significantly affects system performance. Further, different component structures can also affect the off‐design performance of the system. Thus, a novel design method of preheating organic Rankine cycle (P‐ORC) system harvesting waste heat of heavy‐duty trucks based on off‐design performance is proposed in this study. The design method includes selection of the optimal types of components and design point to optimize the comprehensive performance of the waste heat recovery system in all road conditions. In this study, different heat exchanger combinations are applied to the P‐ORC system to obtain six different design systems. According to the principle of uniform coverage, the scatter diagram of exhaust temperature and mass flow rate of the engine under real road conditions are discretized into 19 alternative design points. Each system is designed with 19 discretized design points, and a total of 114 design systems are obtained. The optimal heat exchanger combination and design point are selected based on the off‐design performance. It is concluded that a P‐ORC system using a combination of plate preheater, finned tube air cooler, and shell‐tube evaporator is the optimal system. The optimal design point number is 10, and the corresponding engine speed atis 1471 rpm, the engine torque is 474 Nm, the occurrence probability is 14.48%, the exhaust temperature is 350°C, the exhaust mass flow rate is 0.11 kg/s, and the maximum combined net power output is 4.26 kW. The results reveal that the optimal design point of the system can be selected at the design point with medium engine load and high occurrence probability. It guides the system design toward a more practical direction, so as to obtain an optimal system that could operate efficiently and recover more waste heat under the full working conditions of the engines. This novel design method can be extended for other cycle configurations.
Information gap decision theory‐based electricity purchasing optimization strategy for load aggregator considering demand response
Authors: Sun Bo , Wu Xudong , Xie Jingdong , Sun Xin 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe gradual improvement of the electricity market and the rapid development of demand response (DR) technology not only make the load aggregator (LA) integrate the demand side resources (DSR) to participate in the market becoming true, but also bring new problems and challenges to LA for formulating electricity purchasing optimization strategy. With the goal of minimizing the operating cost of LA participating in electricity market to purchase electricity and providing auxiliary services in response to the peak‐shaving demand planning, a deterministic day‐ahead electricity purchasing decision‐making model is established. Considering the uncertainty of wind power output and real‐time price and the different attitude of LA toward risk caused by uncertainty, we adopt stochastic scenario planning method to deal with the uncertainty of wind power output. And the information gap decision theory (IGDT) is introduced to transform the deterministic model into a day‐ahead electricity purchasing decision‐making model of LA under two different risk attitudes: risk‐averse and risk‐seeking. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach, a case study has been investigated and the day‐ahead electricity purchased optimization strategy for LA under different risk attitudes has been obtained. Moreover, the results confirm that participating in DR and improving the reliability of LA response can effectively reduce the operating cost of LA and improve the system stability.
A continuous finite element framework for the pressure Poisson equation allowing non‐Newtonian and compressible flow behavior
Authors: Pacheco Douglas R. Q. , Steinbach Olaf 
Published: November 2020

AbstractComputing pressure fields from given flow velocities is a task frequently arising in engineering, biomedical, and scientific computing applications. The so‐called pressure Poisson equation (PPE) derived from the balance of linear momentum provides an attractive framework for such a task. However, the PPE increases the regularity requirements on the pressure and velocity spaces, thereby imposing theoretical and practical challenges for its application. In order to stay within a Lagrangian finite element framework, it is common practice to completely neglect the influence of viscosity and compressibility when computing the pressure, which limits the practical applicability of the pressure Poisson method. In this context, we present a mixed finite element framework which enables the use of this popular technique with generalized Newtonian fluids and compressible flows, while allowing standard finite element spaces to be employed for the unknowns and the given data. This is attained through the use of appropriate vector calculus identities and simple projections of certain flow quantities. In the compressible case, the mixed formulation also includes an additional equation for retrieving the density field from the given velocities so that the pressure can be accurately determined. The potential of this new approach is showcased through numerical examples.
An improved r‐factor algorithm for total variational diminishing (TVD) schemes on two‐dimension non‐uniform unstructured grids
Authors: Li Jie , Zhang Quan , Zhai Zhi‐Qiang( John) , Sun Xiaoqin , Liao Shuguang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractFor advection simulation, an improved r‐factor algorithm for total variational diminishing (TVD) schemes is proposed to extend the TVD schemes to non‐uniform unstructured grids. In the new algorithm, the further upwind node (called node U) location is modified based on the size differences of the related grids, that is, the formula of the relationship between two length ratios, LUC/LCD = LCf/LfD, should be maintained to reveal the meaning of r‐factor correctly on non‐uniform unstructured grids. After that, the inverse‐distance weighting average method rather than the Gauss theory method is adopted to estimate the value of node U. Furthermore, the deviations between the value of cell centroids and of their corresponding auxiliary points are exploited to complete the algorithm. The new algorithm is utilized in two pure convection cases, including a double‐step profile and a sinusoidal profile. The algorithm was compared against the Hou's r‐factor algorithm by using Superbee and Van Leer limiters on two‐dimension non‐uniform unstructured grids. The results indicate that a monotonous behavior and a higher accuracy result can be obtained by using the new algorithm.
Curcumin inhibits the proteolytic process of SREBP‐2 by first inhibiting the expression of S1P rather than directly inhibiting SREBP‐2 expression
Authors: Li Yongnan , Wu Shuodong 
Published: November 2020

AbstractMany studies have demonstrated that curcumin can downregulate mRNA levels of sterol regulatory element‐binding proteins (SREBP‐2); however, our study did not find similar results. This study was designed to demonstrate that curcumin inhibits the proteolytic process of SREBP‐2 by first inhibiting the expression of membrane‐bound transcription factor site‐1 protease (S1P) rather than directly inhibiting SREBP‐2 expression. After curcumin treatment, Caco‐2 cells were collected to observe the dose‐ and time‐dependent dynamics of precursor and mature SREBP‐2, transcription factor‐specific protein 1 (SP‐1), and SREBP cleavage‐activating protein (SCAP). After curcumin treatment, SREBP‐2 distribution was detected in the cells and S1P protein expression was examined. Curcumin could downregulate mRNA levels of SREBP2, SP‐1 and SCAP, but it did not simultaneously downregulate the expression of precursor SREBP‐2 (pSREBP‐2) and SCAP. Curcumin can inhibit the proteolytic process of SREBP‐2, reduce the production of mature SREBP‐2 (mSREBP‐2), and change the cellular distribution of SREBP‐2. The inhibitory effect of curcumin on SP‐1 protein expression is short‐acting. Curcumin could downregulate the mRNA and protein expression of S1P, but has no obvious inhibitory effect on the mRNA and protein expression of S2P (site‐2 protease). Curcumin can inhibit the SREBP‐2 proteolytic process to reduce mSREBP‐2 which functions as a transcription factor, affecting the regulation of cholesterol metabolism‐related genes. Curcumin does not directly inhibit the expression of mSREBP‐2 protein, and it has no such inhibitory effect for at least a short period of time, although curcumin does reduce the amount of mSREBP‐2 protein. S1P is a key protease in the hydrolysis of pSREBP‐2 into mSREBP‐2. Therefore, curcumin may decrease the amount of mSREBP‐2 by directly inhibiting the expression of S1P mRNA and protein.
Kinetics of α‑dicarbonyl compounds formation in glucose‐glutamic acid model of Maillard reaction
Authors: Zhang Lili , Sun Ying , Pu Dandan , Zhang Yuyu , Sun Baoguo , Zhao Zhiyao 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAs a potential health hazard, α‐dicarbonyl compounds have been detected in the thermally processed foods. In order to investigate the formation kinetics of α‐dicarbonyl compounds, liquid chromatography‐electrospray tandem mass spectrometry was employed to determine the content of α‐dicarbonyl compounds in glucose‐only and glucose‐glutamic acid (glucose‐Glu) thermal reaction models. The 3‐deoxyglucosone content was significantly higher than 6 α‐dicarbonyl compounds at 90–110℃, 0–6 hr in the two tested systems. The glutamic acid promoted the content accumulation of 1‐deoxyglucosone, diacetyl, methylglyoxal, and glyoxal, whereas inhibited the content of 3‐deoxyglucosone and 3,4‐dideoxyglucosone. Three‐fifths of the tested compounds content increased linearly with time increasing, but in glucose‐only system, the 1‐deoxyglucosone content increased logarithmically at 95–110℃ over reaction time. The formation of glucose (100–110℃, glucose‐only and glucose‐Glu), 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (100–110℃, glucose‐only), 1‐deoxyglucose (105–110℃, glucose‐Glu), 3,4‐dideoxyglucosone (110℃, glucose‐Glu), glyoxal (95–110℃, glucose‐Glu) and diacetyl (90–95℃, glucose‐Glu) could be well fitted by exponential equation. Shortening the heating time and reducing heating temperature (except glyoxal in glucose‐only system) were the effective methods to decrease α‐dicarbonyl compounds content in the two tested systems. Additionally, high temperature could also reduce α‐dicarbonyl compounds content, such as 3‐deoxyglucosone (≥110℃, glucose‐only), 1‐deoxyglucosone (≥110℃, glucose‐only), glucosone (≥110℃, glucose‐only; ≥100℃, glucose‐Glu), methyloxyl (≥110℃, glucose‐only; ≥100℃, glucose‐Glu), diacetyl (≥110℃, glucose‐only), and glyoxal (≥100℃, glucose‐Glu).
Novel score test to increase power in association test by integrating external controls
Authors: Li Yatong , Lee Seunggeun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRecent advances in genotyping and sequencing technologies have enabled genetic association studies to leverage high‐quality genotyped data to identify variants accounting for a substantial portion of disease risk. The usage of external controls, whose genomes have already been genotyped and are publicly available, could be a cost‐effective approach to increase the power of association testing. There has been recent effort to integrate external controls while adjusting for possible batch effects, such as the integrating External Controls into Association Test (iECAT). The original iECAT test, however, cannot adjust for covariates such as age, gender, and so forth. Hence, based on the insight of iECAT, we propose a novel score‐based test that allows for covariate adjustment and constructs a shrinkage score statistic that is a weighted sum of the score statistics using exclusively internal samples and uses both internal and external control samples. We assess the existence of batch effect at a variant by comparing control samples of internal and external sources. We show by simulation studies that our method has increased power over the original iECAT while controlling for type I error rates. We present the application of our method to the association studies of age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) utilizing data from the International AMD Genomics Consortium and Michigan Genomics Initiative. Through the incorporation of the score test approach, we extend the use of iECAT to adjust for covariates and improve power, further honing the statistical methods needed to identify disease‐causing variants within the human genome.
The associations between insecure attachment, rooming‐in, and postpartum depression: A 2 months’ longitudinal study
Authors: Molmen Lichter Maayan , Peled Yoav , levy Sigal , Wiznitzer Arnon , Krissi Haim , Handelzalts Jonathan E. 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTPostpartum depression (PPD) is the most common complication of childbearing, and recent studies have attempted to examine risk factors associated with it. The main study hypothesis was that a protective situational factor at a sensitive time period (full rooming‐in postpartum) would moderate the associations between insecure attachment dimensions and PPD. Three hundred twelve women, in either full or partial rooming‐in, participated in a longitudinal study at the maternity ward of a tertiary healthcare center. A Demographic questionnaire and the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale were administered at 1–4 days postpartum, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale at 2 months postpartum. PPD was significantly associated with both anxious and avoidant attachment dimensions, but not with rooming‐in conditions. In addition, women in partial rooming‐in showed a positive correlation between insecure attachment dimensions and PPD, whereas no such correlation was found for full rooming‐in women. A situational factor such as full rooming‐in, which occurs at a critical time point for the mother–infant relationship, can moderate the association between maternal avoidant or anxious attachment dimensions and the mother's PPD levels. Postpartum practices, such as rooming‐in, can be personalized and thus beneficial in moderating personal risk factors for PPD.
Model optimization and parameter sensitivity analysis of a parabolic composite section open channel*
Authors: Li Gang , He Wuquan , Wang Yubao , Lan Liwei , Fan Aiping 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn channel optimization, the objective function and the oft‐used trapezoidal cross‐section channel in excavation models are not comprehensive. The parabolic composite section channel is a new type of channel with a parabolic slope and a horizontal bottom. To improve channel optimization, we propose models of a parabolic composite section channel constructed with excavation, filling, and half‐filling. We establish three parabolic composite cross‐section channel models that consider freeboard, and we establish three construction methods. The objective is to minimize the combined cost of excavation, filling, and concrete lining, and the objective function covers all construction methods and construction costs. To avoid missing the feasible optimal solution, the shuffled frog‐leaping algorithm (SFLA) is used to optimize the three channel models. An objective function within the acceptable range of parameter variation is represented by a MATLAB 3D rainbow graph, and sensitivity analyses of various section parameters are carried out. The results show that the model constructed with excavation has the lowest investment cost. The bottom width of the parabolic composite channel is 1.74 m, the channel top width is 5.69 m, the channel depth is 3.22 m, the channel excavation section area is 14.1 m2, the channel section lining length is 9.62 m, and the minimum cost per kilometre is 591,000 yuan. SFLA is superior to the differential evolution, artificial bee colony, and particle swarm optimization algorithms in terms of convergence speed and optimization accuracy, and the objective function is the least sensitive to the opening width of the parabola.
The association between circulating MicroRNA‐150 level and cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Salem Perihan El Sayed , Ghazala Rasha Abdelmawla , El Gendi Ahmed Mohamed , Emara Doaa Mokhtar , Ahmed Nesma Mahmoud 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a rare tumor which requires a multimodality approach for its diagnosis. Carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (CA19‐9) is currently the most commonly used tumor marker for CCA; nevertheless, it has certain limitations which need to be considered when using it as a tumor marker. MiRNA‐150 altered expression has been linked to the development and tumorigenesis of several cancers including CCA. This work aimed to study the serum level of CA19‐9 and miRNA‐150 expression in CCA patients and, also, to correlate their levels with tumor staging and different studied clinical and laboratory parameters. This work included 35 patients with CCA who were admitted to Hepatobiliary Unit, Alexandria Main University Hospital (Group I). Also, 35 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy subjects were included as a control group (Group II). All included subjects were submitted to measurement of serum CA19‐9 and MiRNA‐150 expression levels. Serum CA19‐9 levels showed an evident high median among CCA patients, while serum miRNA‐150 expression levels were evidently low among those patients. Moreover, combining miRNA‐150 with CA19‐9 made the accuracy of diagnosis of CCA much more reliable. Thus, miRNA‐150 can be considered as a non‐invasive, sensitive serum biomarker for the diagnosis of CCA especially when combined with CA 19‐9.
On extremal nonsolid bricks
Authors: Feng Xing , Lu Fuliang 
Published: November 2020

AbstractA 3‐connected graph is a brick if, after the removal of any two distinct vertices, the resulting graph has a perfect matching. Lovász proved that the dimension of the matching lattice of a brick is equal to . We say a brick is extremal if the number of perfect matchings in is exactly . de Carvalho et al. characterized extremal bricks and conjectured that every extremal nonsolid brick other than the Petersen graph is the result of the splicing of an extremal brick and a , up to multiple edges. In this paper, we present an infinite family of graphs showing that this conjecture fails.
Reduced alpha diversity of the oral microbiome correlates with short progression‐free survival in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma treated with ixazomib‐based therapy (AGMT MM 1, phase II trial)
Authors: Ludwig Heinz , Hausmann Bela , Schreder Martin , Pönisch Wolfram , Zojer Niklas , Knop Stefan , Gunsilius Eberhard , Egle Alexander , Petzer Andreas , Einsele Hermann , Hajek Roman , Weisel Katja , Krenosz Karl Jochen , Lang Alois , Lechner Daniel , Greil Richard , Berry David 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAlterations in the human microbiome have been linked to several malignant diseases. Here, we investigated the oral microbiome of 79 patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM) treated with ixazomib‐thalidomide‐dexamethasone. Increased alpha diversity (Shannon index) at the phylum level was associated with longer progression‐free survival (PFS) (10.2 vs 8.5 months, P = .04), particularly in patients with very long (>75% quartile) PFS . Additionally, alpha diversity was lower in patients with progressive disease (P < .05). These findings suggest an interrelationship between the oral microbiome and outcome in patients with MM and encourage a novel direction for diagnostic and/or therapeutic strategies.
Sexual behaviour change following HIV testing services: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tiwari Ruchi , Wang Jiayu , Han Hannah , Kalu Ngozi , Sims Lee B , Katz David A , Burke Barbara , Tsegaye Adino T , Carter Kayla A , Freije Sophie , Guo Boya , Albirair Mohamed , Barr‐DiChiara Magdalena , Baggaley Rachel , Jamil Muhammad S , Senya Kafui , Johnson Cheryl , Khosropour Christine M 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIntroductionLearning one’s HIV status through HIV testing services (HTS) is an essential step toward accessing treatment and linking to preventive services for those at high HIV risk. HTS may impact subsequent sexual behaviour, but the degree to which this varies by population or is true in the setting of contemporary HIV prevention activities is largely unknown. As part of the 2019 World Health Organization Consolidated Guidelines on HTS, we undertook a systematic review and meta‐analysis to determine the effect of HTS on sexual behaviour.MethodsWe searched nine electronic databases for studies published between July 2010 and December 2019. We included studies that reported on at least one outcome (condom use [defined as the frequency of condom use or condom‐protected sex], number of sex partners, HIV incidence, STI incidence/prevalence). We included studies that prospectively assessed outcomes and that fit into one of three categories: (1) those evaluating more versus less‐intensive HTS, (2) those of populations receiving HTS versus not and (3) those evaluating outcomes after versus before HTS. We conducted meta‐analyses using random‐effects models.Results and discussionOf 29 980 studies screened, 76 studies were included. Thirty‐eight studies were randomized controlled trials, 36 were cohort studies, one was quasi‐experimental and one was a serial cross‐sectional study. There was no significant difference in condom use among individuals receiving more‐intensive HTS compared to less‐intensive HTS (relative risk [RR]=1.03; 95% CI: 0.99 to 1.07). Condom use was significantly higher after receiving HTS compared to before HTS for individuals newly diagnosed with HIV (RR = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.36 to 1.99) and marginally significantly higher for individuals receiving an HIV‐negative diagnosis (RR = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.62). Individuals receiving more‐intensive HTS reported fewer sex partners at follow‐up than those receiving less‐intensive HTS, but the finding was not statistically significant (mean difference = −0.28; 95% CI: −3.66, 3.10).ConclusionsOur findings highlight the importance of using limited resources towards HTS strategies that focus on early HIV diagnosis, treatment and prevention services rather than resources dedicated to supplementing or enhancing HTS with additional counselling or other interventions.