bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-stage magmatism and tungsten mineralization in the Nanling Range, South China: Evidence from the Jurassic Helukou deposit
Authors: Cao Jingya , Li Huan , Algeo Thomas J. , Yang Lizhi , Tamehe Landry Soh 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The Helukou deposit, with proven reserves of 33 752 t WO3, is one of the newly exploited medium-scale tungsten (W) deposits in the Guposhan ore field, Nanling Range of South China. Skarn-type and less abundant altered granite-type tungsten orebodies were identified in this deposit. The ore mineralization in this district was a product of two-stage magmatism, as shown by LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of zircons and Re-Os dating of molybdenite. The former yielded U-Pb ages of 184.0 ± 3.6 Ma (MSWD = 0.15) and 163.8 ± 1.5 Ma (MSWD = 0.41) for fine-grained biotite granite and muscovite granite, respectively, as well as a U-Pb age of 181.5 ± 2.1 Ma (MSWD = 0.75) for zircon grains from altered granite-type tungsten ore. The latter yielded molybdenite Re-Os ages of 183.5 ± 2.8 Ma (without MSWD owing to a limited number of samples) and 163.4 ± 2.8 Ma (MSWD = 0.71) for altered granite-type and skarn-type tungsten deposits, respectively. Thus, two separate tungsten mineralization events occurred during the Early Jurassic and Middle Jurassic. Trace-element compositions suggest that scheelite I was controlled by the coupled substitution reactions of 2Ca2+ = Na+ + REE3+ and Ca2+ + W6+ = Nb5+ + REE3+, whereas scheelite II was controlled by the coupled reactions of 2Ca2+ = Na+ + REE3+ and 3Ca2+ = ☐Ca + 2REE3+ (where ☐ is a site vacancy). High Mo and low Ce contents suggest that both scheelite I and scheelite II were precipitated from oxidizing magmatic-hydrothermal fluids. Based on the mineral assemblage of the altered granite-type ores and geochemical characteristics of scheelite I [i.e., negative Eu anomalies (0.02–0.05; mean = 0.03 and STD = 0.01), and high 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.70939–0.71932; mean = 0.71345 and STD = 0.00245)], we infer that fluid-rock interaction played an important role in modifying Early Jurassic ore-forming fluids. Scheelite II exhibits a geo-chemical composition [i.e., 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.70277–0.71471; mean = 0.70940 and STD = 0.00190), Eu anomalies (0.14–0.55; mean = 0.26 and STD = 0.09), and Y/Ho ratios (16.1–33.7; mean = 27.9 and STD = 2.91)] similar to that of the Middle Jurassic Guposhan granites, suggesting inheritance of these features from granite-related magmatic-hydrothermal fluids. These results provide new insights into the two-stage magmatic and metallogenic history of the Nanling Range during the Jurassic Period.
Digital Humanities: Community Participation in the Balinese Language Digital Dictionary
Authors: Cokorda Cokorda , Iswara IB Ary Indra , Mogi I Komang Ari 
Published: November 2020

In recent years, the capability of Balinese people to write and speak their mother tongue has declined significantly among the younger generations because of the growing influence and adoption of the national language, Bahasa Indonesia. It has spread rapidly among Balinese youth because it is considerably more straightforward than the Balinese language and is free of caste regulations. In this paper, we present the details of our digital humanities preservation research dealing with the Balinese language. We utilize community-based crowdsourcing to participate in expanding and enriching the BASABali Wiki digital dictionary in the form of an online competition. Ninety-six participants in 24 groups participated in our study, and their contribution populated 2686 new unique sentences to the BASABali Wiki digital dictionary. We also discuss the procedures employed to evaluate the digital dictionary: to receive feedback on the digital dictionary system and our approach to acquiring the knowledge of the community.
A stepwise surrogate model for parameter calibration of the Variable Infiltration Capacity model: the case of the upper Brahmaputra, Tibet Plateau
Authors: Gu Haiting , Liu Li , Bai Zhixu , Pan Suli , Xu Yue-Ping 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
To alleviate the computational burden of parameter calibration of the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model, a stepwise surrogate model (SM) is developed based on AdaBoost. An SM first picks out the parameter sets in the range that the values of objective functions are close to the optimization objectives and then approximates the values of objective functions with these parameter sets. The ɛ-NSGA II (Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II) algorithm is used to search the optimal solutions of SM. The SM is tested with a case study in the upper Brahmaputra River basin, Tibet Plateau, China. The results show that the stepwise SM performed well with the rate of misclassification less than 2.56% in the global simulation step and the root mean square error less than 0.0056 in the local simulation step. With no large difference in the optimal solutions between VIC and the SM, the SM-based algorithm saves up to 90% time.
Variable Length Character N-Gram Embedding of Protein Sequences for Secondary Structure Prediction
Authors: Sharma Ashish Kumar , Srivastava Rajeev 
Published: November 2020

Background:
The prediction of a protein's secondary structure from its amino acid sequence is an essential step
towards predicting its 3-D structure. The prediction performance improves by incorporating homologous multiple sequence
alignment information. Since homologous details not available for all proteins. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the protein secondary structure from single sequences.

Objective and Methods:
Protein secondary structure predicted from their primary sequences using n-gram word embedding
and deep recurrent neural network. Protein secondary structure depends on local and long-range neighbor residues in primary sequences. In the proposed work, the local contextual information of amino acid residues captures variable-length character n-gram words. An embedding vector represents these variable-length character n-gram words. Further, the bidirectional
long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) model is used to capture the long-range contexts by extracting the past and future residues information in primary sequences.

Results:
The proposed model evaluates on three public datasets ss.txt, RS126, and CASP9. The model shows the Q3 accuracy of 92.57%, 86.48%, and 89.66% for ss.txt, RS126, and CASP9.

Conclusion:
The proposed model performance compares with state-of-the-art methods available in the literature. After a
comparative analysis, it observed that the proposed model performs better than state-of-the-art methods.
A Thermostable Aluminum-Tolerant Protease Produced by Feather-Degrading Bacillus thuringiensis Isolated from Tea Plantation
Authors: Wang Tianwen , Liang Chen , Xiao Sha , Li Li , Xu Hongju , An Yafei , Zheng Mengyuan , Liu Lu 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Proteases with keratinolytic activity are widely used in biotechnologies.
The feather-degrading Bacillus thuringensis isolated from soil sample of a tea plantation produced
high level of extracellular keratinase.

Objective:
This study aimed to analyze the properties by biochemical and enzymological methods to gain information for
better utilization of the enzyme.

Methods:
The enzyme was purified with ion exchange and size exclusion chromatography. The substrate preference, optimal pH and temperature, and the effects of organic solvents and ions were checked. Circular dichroism was performed to
compare the secondary structures of the native and apo-enzyme.

Results:
The enzyme worked best at 50°C, and it was an acidic serine protease with an optimal pH
of 6.2. Ions Ca2+ and Mg2+ were essential for its activity. Organic solvents and other metal ions generally
deactivated the enzyme in a concentration-dependent manner. However, Mn2+ and DMSO,
which were frequently reported as inhibitors of protease, could activate the enzyme at low concentration
(0.01 to 2 mmol/L of Mn2+; DMSO <2%, v/v). The enzyme exhibited high resistance to
Al3+, which might be explained by the soil properties of its host’s residence. Circular dichroism confirmed
the contribution of ions to the structure and activity.

Conclusion:
The enzyme was a thermostable aluminum-tolerant serine protease with unique biochemical
properties.
Ethnomedicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Aspects of the Genus Berberis Linn: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Mohi-ud-din Roohi , Mir Reyaz Hassan , Mir Prince Ahad , Farooq Saeema , Raza Syed Naiem , Raja Weekar Younis , Masoodi Mubashir Hussain , Singh Inder Pal , Bhat Zulfiqar Ali 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Genus Berberis (family Berberidaceae), which contains about 650 species and 17 genera worldwide,
has been used in folklore and various traditional medicine systems. Berberis Linn. is the most established group
among genera with around 450-500 species across the world. This comprehensive review will not only help researchers for
further evaluation but also provide substantial information for future exploitation of species to develop novel herbal formulations.

Objective:
The present review is focussed to summarize and collect the updated review of information of Genus Berberis
species reported to date regarding their ethnomedicinal information, chemical constituents, traditional/folklore use, and reported
pharmacological activities on more than 40 species of Berberis.

Conclusion:
A comprehensive survey of the literature reveals that various species of the genus possess various phytoconstituents
mainly alkaloids, flavonoid based compounds isolated from different parts of a plant with a wide range of pharmacological
activities. So far, many pharmacological activities like anti-cancer, anti-hyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory,
anti-inflammatory both in vitro & in vivo and clinical study of different extracts/isolated compounds of different
species of Berberis have been reported, proving their importance as a medicinal plant and claiming their traditional use.
Applications of iTRAQ and TMT Labeling Techniques to the Study of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Li Kelu , Chen Zichao , Zhang Yonggang , Yang Xinglong 
Published: November 2020

:
Neurodegenerative diseases are caused by progressive lesions or loss of specific nerve
cells, which endanger human health. However, the mechanism by which neurodegeneration manifests
remains unclear. Proteomics can shed light on this question as well as help establish diagnostic
standards and discover new drug targets. The power of proteomics for understanding neurodegenerative
diseases has increased substantially with the application of iTRAQ and TMT labeling
techniques. This review focuses on progress in these labeling techniques and their applications in
neurodegeneration research.
QSAR Studies on the IC50 of a Class of Thiazolidinone/Thiazolide Based Hybrids as Antitrypanosomal Agents
Authors: Yang Bo , Si Hongzong , Zhai Honglin 
Published: November 2020

Background::
Trypanosomiasis is a widespread zoonotic disease and the existing drugs are
not enough to prevent and treat it.

Objective::
This study aimed to build a quantitative structure-activity relationship model by the chemical
structures of a class of thiazolidone/thiazolidamide based hybrids. The model was used to screen new
antitrypanosomal agents and predict the properties of composite molecules.

Methods::
All compounds were randomly divided into a training set and a test set. A large number of
descriptors were calculated by the software, then some of the best descriptors were selected to build the
models. The linear model was built by the heuristic method and the nonlinear model was built by gene
expression programming method.

Results::
In the heuristic method, the correlation coefficients ,R2, R2cv, F and S2 were 0.581, 0.457,
14.053 and 15.311, respectively. In gene expression programming, the R2 and S2 were 0.715, 10.997
in the training set and 0.617, 22.778 in the test set. The results showed that the relative number of S atoms
and the minimum bond order of an H atom had a significant positive contribution to IC50. Meanwhile,
the relative number of double bonds and the count of hydrogen-bonding acceptor sites had a great
negative impact on IC50.

Conclusion::
Both the heuristic method and gene expression programming had a good predictive performance.
By contrast, the gene expression programming method fitted well with the experimental values
and it was expected to be beneficial in the synthesis of new antitrypanosomal drugs.
Development and Validation of a Reliable LC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Hydrochlorothiazide in the Presence of Different Co-formulated Anti-hypertensive Medications in Biological Matrix
Authors: Mohamed Heba M. , Fayez Yasmin M. 
Published: November 2020

Background:
Thiazide diuretics are listed as one of the first-line antihypertensive
treatment agents. Hydrochlorothiazide is mainly formulated with many antihypertensive agents
as combined pill therapy.

Objective:
In this study, a new, simple, rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS assay was developed, optimized
and validated for the simultaneous quantification of commonly prescribed cardiovascular
combined medications that are used for hypertension management, including Hydrochlorothiazide
(HCT) in the presence of irbesartan (IRB), candesartan (CAN) and bisoprolol (BISO) in
human plasma.

Methods:
RP-HPLC separation of analytes and internal standard (atorvastatin) was performed on
Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18 (4.6×50 mm 5-Micron) using acetonitrile: (0.05%) formic acid
(80:20), as an eluting system with a run time of less than 5.0 min.

Results:
Validation was carried out according to FDA guidelines for bioanalytical method. The
recoveries were higher than 84.30%, the accuracy was within 86.82–110.17 % and the RSD was
below 10% for all the studied compounds.

Conclusions:
The suggested method is highly appropriate for routine assays of the studied combination
therapy in view of the lower LLOQ, simple extraction process, and short run time. The
method can be further investigated and used for pharmacokinetics studies of the studied different
antihypertensive combinations.
Factores edáficos y su impacto en la altura dominante en plantaciones de Prosopis alba
Authors: Senilliani María Gracia , Bruno Cecilia , Brassiolo Miguel 
Published: November 2020

Prosopis alba Griseb es la especie nativa de mayor importancia en el Chaco semiárido para la forestación con múltiples objetivos. Más de 50% de la superficie plantada en la provincia de Santiago del Estero, Argentina, se ha establecido en áreas con calidades de sitio muy diferentes, generando un comportamiento heterogéneo en el crecimiento. Se propone evaluar la influencia de factores edáficos en el crecimiento de plantaciones de Prosopis alba Griseb (algarrobo blanco), información que facilitará la toma de decisiones silviculturales y permitirá predecir la calidad de sitio con potencial de forestación, con base en características edáficas. Se evalúo la correlación entre variables dasométricas y edáficas en relación con tres clases de calidad de sitio (CI, CII y CIII). Se determinó un modelo de proyección de altura dominante, expresado como índice de sitio con las variables edáficas de mayor correlación, que explica 42% de la variación en el crecimiento. La conductividad eléctrica presentó un umbral de 10 dS m-1 para la CI y CII con índice de sitio de 10 y 8 respectivamente; para valores superiores de CE disminuyó el crecimiento de la masa. La concentración de cationes solubles varió con respecto al índice de sitio, la CI y CII presentaron concentraciones bajas de sodio, con un valor crítico de aproximadamente 39 mEq L-1. El crecimiento estuvo condicionado por propiedades químicas del suelo, la presencia de sales explicaría en mayor medida el impacto en el crecimiento, con un umbral salino a partir del cual el crecimiento se ve comprometido desde un enfoque productivo.
Dimensions of Misinformation About the HPV Vaccine on Instagram: Content and Network Analysis of Social Media Characteristics
Authors: Massey Philip M , Kearney Matthew D , Hauer Michael K , Selvan Preethi , Koku Emmanuel , Leader Amy E 
Published: November 2020

Background
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is a major advancement in cancer prevention and this primary prevention tool has the potential to reduce and eliminate HPV-associated cancers; however, the safety and efficacy of vaccines in general and the HPV vaccine specifically have come under attack, particularly through the spread of misinformation on social media. The popular social media platform Instagram represents a significant source of exposure to health (mis)information; 1 in 3 US adults use Instagram.

Objective
The objective of this analysis was to characterize pro- and anti-HPV vaccine networks on Instagram, and to describe misinformation within the anti-HPV vaccine network.

Methods
From April 2018 to December 2018, we collected publicly available English-language Instagram posts containing hashtags #HPV, #HPVVaccine, or #Gardasil using Netlytic software (n=16,607). We randomly selected 10% of the sample and content analyzed relevant posts (n=580) for text, image, and social media features as well as holistic attributes (eg, sentiments, personal stories). Among antivaccine posts, we organized elements of misinformation within four broad dimensions: 1) misinformation theoretical domains, 2) vaccine debate topics, 3) evidence base, and 4) health beliefs. We conducted univariate, bivariate, and network analyses on the subsample of posts to quantify the role and position of individual posts in the network.

Results
Compared to provaccine posts (324/580, 55.9%), antivaccine posts (256/580, 44.1%) were more likely to originate from individuals (64.1% antivaccine vs 25.0% provaccine; P<.001) and include personal narratives (37.1% vs 25.6%; P=.003). In the antivaccine network, core misinformation characteristics included mentioning #Gardasil, purporting to reveal a lie (ie, concealment), conspiracy theories, unsubstantiated claims, and risk of vaccine injury. Information/resource posts clustered around misinformation domains including falsification, nanopublications, and vaccine-preventable disease, whereas personal narrative posts clustered around different domains of misinformation, including concealment, injury, and conspiracy theories. The most liked post (6634 likes) in our full subsample was a positive personal narrative post, created by a non-health individual; the most liked post (5604 likes) in our antivaccine subsample was an informational post created by a health individual.

Conclusions
Identifying characteristics of misinformation related to HPV vaccine on social media will inform targeted interventions (eg, network opinion leaders) and help sow corrective information and stories tailored to different falsehoods.
Familia abelera: una metáfora sobre la relación entre un artista argentino y su público
Authors: Gonzalez Daniela Soledad 
Published: November 2020

En este artículo se analiza la metáfora “el público es la familia”, elaborada por el cantante Abel Pintos (1984, Bahía Blanca, Argentina) para hacer referencia a la relación con sus seguidores. Primeramente, se hará un breve repaso por la vida del artista, su obra y su actividad actual de promoción artística. Luego, se revisarán las características principales de los movimientos de masas, en particular, en lo que hace a la relación de los artistas con su público (nivel de cohesión alto, organización para fines comunes, respaldo y admiración por un personaje público, referencias internas, símbolos en común y uso de productos con la marca del artista). A continuación, se detallará la metodología de la investigación y se presentarán los resultados del análisis discursivo de algunas publicaciones y comentarios de Facebook en los que la metáfora que focalizamos se hace presente. Se extraerán de estos las características de la relación entre Abel Pintos y sus seguidores, y se enumerarán otras conceptualizaciones existentes para hablar de dicha relación. La más importante de ellas consiste en constituir una comunidad con una unión tan fuerte como la de una familia. Otras características que se advertirán son las siguientes: iniciativas de organización para hacer productos u ofrecer servicios en onjunto, referencias internas, creación de términos identificatorios (por ejemplo, el adjetivo abelero/a), lenguaje performativo, gran admiración por el cantante argentino. Por otro lado, se señalarán ocasionales inconsistencias entre la metáfora “el público es la familia” y algunos eventos que contradicen dicha conceptualización. Finalmente, se presentarán las conclusiones del estudio.
Evaluation of volume change in oral cavity proper before and after mandibular advancement:
Authors: Rajkumar Balaji , Parameswaran Ratna , Parameswaran Anantanarayanan , Vijayalakshmi Devaki 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To evaluate the tongue and oral cavity proper volume in pre- and post-bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) patients, and to establish whether there was a correlation between them.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective study that evaluated 12 patients' pre- and post-surgical computed tomography records satisfying the inclusion criteria. Borders were defined for measurement of tongue and oral cavity proper volume. The volume assessment was carried out using 3D slice software.

Results
The mean difference of tongue volume was 5.7 ± 1.7 cm3, which showed high statistical significance. The mean difference of oral cavity proper volume (OCVP) was 6.9 ± 3.4 cm3 and indicated high statistical significance. A very strong positive correlation existed between pre- and post-surgical tongue volume. Positive correlation was also evident between pre and post - surgical OCVP. Medium positive correlation was noted when the difference between pre- and post-surgical tongue and OCVP were assessed.

Conclusions
There was a significant change in volume of tongue and oral cavity proper after BSSO advancement surgery. The space around the tongue, position of tongue, and maxillary and mandibular relationship influence the volume of tongue and oral cavity proper.
Intensive Risk Factor Management and Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy in Type 2 Diabetes: The ACCORD Trial
Authors: Tang Yaling , Shah Hetal , Bueno Junior Carlos Roberto , Sun Xiuqin , Mitri Joanna , Sambataro Maria , Sambado Luisa , Gerstein Hertzel C. , Fonseca Vivian , Doria Alessandro , Pop-Busui Rodica 
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE
The effects of preventive interventions on cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) remain unclear. We examined the effect of intensively treating traditional risk factors for CAN, including hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high cardiovascular risk participating in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
CAN was defined as heart rate variability indices below the fifth percentile of the normal distribution. Of 10,251 ACCORD participants, 71% (n = 7,275) had a CAN evaluation at study entry and at least once after randomization. The effects of intensive interventions on CAN were analyzed among these subjects through generalized linear mixed models.

RESULTS
As compared with standard intervention, intensive glucose treatment reduced CAN risk by 16% (odds ratio [OR] 0.84, 95% CI 0.75–0.94, P = 0.003)—an effect driven by individuals without cardiovascular disease (CVD) at baseline (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.63–0.85, P &lt; 0.0001) rather than those with CVD (OR 1.10, 95% CI 0.91–1.34, P = 0.34) (Pinteraction = 0.001). Intensive blood pressure (BP) intervention decreased CAN risk by 25% (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.63–0.89, P = 0.001), especially in patients ≥65 years old (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.49–0.88, P = 0.005) (Pinteraction = 0.05). Fenofibrate did not have a significant effect on CAN (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.78–1.07, P = 0.26).

CONCLUSIONS
These data confirm a beneficial effect of intensive glycemic therapy and demonstrate, for the first time, a similar benefit of intensive BP control on CAN in T2D. A negative CVD history identifies T2D patients who especially benefit from intensive glycemic control for CAN prevention.