bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stratégies et calculs au sein du groupe socialiste
Authors: Lecomte Damien 
Published: December 2019

Les études parlementaires peuvent analyser les comportements des élus au prisme d’approches interactionnistes : l’œuvre de Schelling peut être utilement mobilisée pour éclairer les échanges de coups politiques et les coordinations des acteurs dans l’arène parlementaire. La « fronde » au sein du groupe socialiste au cours de la XIVe législature (2012-2017) de l’Assemblée nationale française se prête particulièrement à ce type d’approche. Dans une conjoncture de crise relative, de fragilisation des repères de la discipline partisane et d’incertitude sur les actions de leurs pairs, les députés cherchent à calculer les coûts politiques de leurs potentiels votes transgressifs, grâce aux prises de position de personnalités particulièrement visibles qui contribuent à faire converger les anticipations. Le conflit entre le gouvernement et une fraction « frondeuse » de sa majorité relève des logiques de « conflits limités » entre acteurs interdépendants qui peuvent se nuire mutuellement.
Modélisations en quête d’incarnation
Authors: Mathieu Lilian 
Published: December 2019

Cet article opère une relecture, à la lumière des élaborations théoriques de Thomas Schelling, du récit littéraire que livre Mario Vargas Llosa dans La fête au Bouc de la tentative de coup d’État qui mit fin, le 30 mai 1961, à la dictature de Rafael Leónidas Trujillo en République dominicaine. Des enjeux et notions tels que « solution foyer », « masse critique », « interdépendance tactique » et « négociation » trouvent ainsi une incarnation sensible dans l’intrigue romanesque, ce qui conduit à une réflexion sur les rapports entre jeux de langage économique et littéraire.
Schelling, la dissuasion et la chance
Authors: Pelopidas Benoît , Frozel Barros Natália , Motta Alessio 
Published: December 2019

Benoît Pelopidas est fondateur du programme d’études des savoirs nucléaires Nuclear Knowledges (le premier programme universitaire français de recherche sur le phénomène nucléaire, indépendant et transparent sur ses sources de financements, qui refuse explicitement tout financement de parties prenantes à l’avenir de l’arsenal nucléaire français afin d’éviter et de problématiser le conflit d’intérêts) et chercheur associé au CISAC à l’Université Stanford. L’équipe de Nuclear Knowledges se saisit du travail de Thomas C. Schelling sous l’angle de son rôle dans la formulation de catégories essentielles du vocabulaire utilisé jusqu’à aujourd’hui, de la circulation des catégories d’analyse qu’il propose et de leur réception.
Cet entretien vise à saisir certains apports et limites du travail de Schelling sur les questions de stratégies dans le domaine auquel il a été le plus traditionnellement associé : l’armement nucléaire et la dissuasion. Il a été réalisé par Natália Frozel Barros, doctorante en science politique (CESSP), et Alessio Motta, docteur en science politique (CESSP), le 21 février 2019 à Paris (CERI, Sciences Po).
« Encore un luxe ! »
Authors: Diop Mamadou Abasse 
Published: December 2019

Depuis le début des années 2000, l’assurance volontaire apparaît comme une réponse aux faiblesses des systèmes de protection sociale en Afrique subsaharienne. Le Sénégal s’inscrit dans cette logique à travers la mise en place du programme de couverture maladie universelle (CMU). Toutefois, malgré les efforts des décideurs, les niveaux d’adhésion des populations concernées demeurent faibles. Les travaux qui rendent compte de ce phénomène ont en commun un intérêt accru pour le secteur informel. Or, ce secteur n’est pas représentatif des différentes catégories de travailleurs exclus du système légal de protection sociale. C’est dans cet ordre d’idées qu’on s’intéresse, dans cet article, aux travailleurs précaires des secteurs public et parapublic. À partir d’une analyse qualitative, on montre que les raisons qui freinent leur adhésion sont essentiellement liées à leurs statuts professionnels. Cela remet en question la dimension universaliste de la CMU qui paraît difficilement conciliable avec des conditions d’emploi instables.
Desenvolvimento de um modelo computacional para avaliação dos efeitos da implantação e estímulo a práticas de reciclagem no município de Cacequi/RS
Authors: Carames Ruan Brum , Simonetto Eugênio de Oliveira , Rodrigues Glauco Oliveira 
Published: December 2019

Este artigo objetiva demonstrar os impactos do estímulo a reciclagem dos resíduos sólidos urbanos produzidos no Município de Cacequi. Utilizando-se de estudos sobre o assunto e informações do próprio município, projetaram-se cenários idealizados de reciclagem em um sistema de simulação computacional, a fim de avaliação dos resultados apurados, visando facilitar a tomada de decisão pelo Executivo Municipal. Foram projetados os seguintes cenários: 1) sem reciclagem; 2) 13% de reciclagem; 3) 30% de reciclagem; e 4) 40% de reciclagem. As simulações foram realizadas com base nos principais resíduos sólidos coletados pelos catadores: plásticos, papéis, materiais ferrosos e alumínio. O objetivo principal esta pautado na verificação dos resultados simulados nos cenários, referentes a três fatores que envolvem o tema abordado, o custo total mensal da coleta de resíduos, o resíduo sólido urbano gerado e o ganho potencial bruto com reciclagem, fatores que possuem forte impacto socioambientais, em função da redução do descarte de rejeito e pela inclusão social por meio da geração de emprego e renda.
The Elizabethan Catholic New Testament and Its Readers
Authors: Fulton Thomas , Specland Jeremy 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Printed vernacular Bibles appeared in many European languages well before the Protestant Reformation, but in England the story is quite different. The first Catholic English New Testament was not printed until 1582, long after numerous Protestant editions had flooded the English Bible market. This article focuses on readers of this 1582 annotated Rheims New Testament, published by exiles in France and shipped surreptitiously northward for missionaries to convert, affirm, and educate British Catholics. Once in England this edition garnered an immense outpouring of printed confutations. Particularly significant was a 1589 dual printing of the Rheims text alongside the official version of the Church of England with extensive annotations by William Fulke. Reader markings in both the 1582 Rheims New Testament and its 1589 confutation, however, show early readers staking out confessional positions independent of the polemic of the printed texts, often putting these texts to purposes contrary to those intended.
Global properties of virus dynamics with B-cell impairment
Authors: Elaiw Ahmed M. , Alshehaiween Safiya F. , Hobiny Aatef D. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this paper we construct a class of virus dynamics models with impairment of B-cell functions. Two forms of the incidence rate have been considered, saturated and general. The well-posedness of the models is justified. The models admit two equilibria which are determined by the basic reproduction number R0. The global stability of each equilibrium is proven by utilizing Lyapunov function and LaSalle’s invariance principle. The theoretical results are illustrated by numerical simulations.
Jakub Urbaniak, Mooketsi Motsisi: The impact of the “fear of God” on the British abolitionist movement
Authors: Urbaniak Jakub , Motsisi Mooketsi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
While there is a general consensus around the role of religion in the abolition of the Slave Trade, historians continue to give little to no detail on exactly how Christian theology influenced the abolitionist movement. This article seeks to interrogate one major theological factor inherent in the spirituality that underpinned the activism of the British abolitionists, namely their notion of Divine Providence, and particularly its moral-emotive correlate: the fear of God’s wrath. These theological notions are discussed based mainly on the analysis of the primary sources and within the theoretical framework of judicial providentialism, aptly captured by John Coffey among others.
Friedrich Wilhelm Graf: The Significance of Troeltsch’s Soziallehren for the Present
Authors: Graf Friedrich Wilhelm 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Die University of Tokyo hatte mich zu einem Vortrag über die im Rahmen der Kritischen Gesamtausgabe als Band 9 (in drei Teilbänden) erscheinende Neuausgabe von Ernst Troeltschs “Soziallehren der christlichen Kirchen und Gruppen” eingeladen. Das mir vorgegebene Thema lautete: “The Significance of Troeltsch’s Soziallehren for the Present”’. Im ersten Teil skizziere ich die Genese von Troeltschs christentumshistorischem Hauptwerk. Im zweiten Teil geht es um die zentralen Themen seines “Lieblingsbuches”. Im dritten Teil werden einige seiner handschriftlichen Zusätze und Marginalien kurz vorgestellt, die die 2020 erscheinende Kritische Ausgabe der “Soziallehren” erstmals zugänglich macht. Abschließend entfalte ich eine Antwort auf die Frage, warum es sich auch heute noch lohnt, Ernst Troeltsch zu lesen.
Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Training and Blood Flow Restriction on Muscle Adaptations in Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Centner Christoph , Ritzmann Ramona , Gollhofer Albert , König Daniel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Centner, C, Ritzmann, R, Gollhofer, A, and König, D. Effects of whole-body vibration training and blood flow restriction on muscle adaptations in women: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 34(3): 603–608, 2020—The purpose of the present randomized controlled trial was to investigate potential synergistic effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) training combined with blood flow restriction (BFR) on muscle mass and strength, and jump performance. Fifty healthy women (26.1 ± 4.6 years) were randomly allocated to one of the following experimental groups: WBV training combined with BFR (WBV + BFR) or WBV only. Before and after the 10-week training intervention, muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) of the vastus lateralis (VL) and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) was evaluated. Additionally, changes in muscle strength and jump performance were assessed before and after the intervention. The level of significance was set to p < 0.05. Vastus lateralis muscle CSA increased in both groups (p < 0.05). The increase in CSA was less pronounced after WBV than WBV + BFR, although the difference was not significant (p = 0.30). Likewise, GM CSA demonstrated comparable increases in both groups with a significant main effect of time (p < 0.05) but no interaction effect (p = 0.89). Assessment of muscular strength (p = 0.70) and jump performance (p = 0.40) did not reveal significant differences between the groups. The results of the present study indicate that the combination of WBV training with BFR shows a noticeable trend toward higher increases in muscle CSA compared with WBV alone. Despite the lack of significance, the results imply clinical relevance particularly in populations showing contraindications toward high training loads. This, however, needs to be confirmed in future research.
Effect of Electrically Assisted Accumulative Roll Bonding (EARB) Process on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Evolution of AA5083/Al2O3 Composites
Authors: Vini M. Heydari , Daneshmand S. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In this study, electrically assisted accumulative roll bonding (EARB) process has been proposed and applied to produce metal matrix composite (MMC: AA5083/-1 % aluminum oxide [Al2O3]). This process can be used to fabricate the MMCs needed in various industries such as automobile and aerospace with appropriate mechanical properties. The alloy was deformed in various electricity current levels, i.e., at 0, 100, 200, and 300 A up to six ARB cycles (ε = 4.8). The mechanical properties of the deformed material have been measured by a tensile test, Vickers microhardness test, and scanning electron microscopy. Microstructure evolution during the EARB cycles leads to improvement of the strength and elongation amount of samples. According to the results obtained, uniform dispersion of Al2O3 particles improves both the strength and tensile toughness of the composites. Also, it was established that the electricity current had a significant effect on the mechanical and microstructure properties of the manufactured MMCs. High strength, low elongation, and high average Vickers microhardness were obtained for the material processed at lower current intensities. Whereas, by increasing the electricity current intensity up to 300 A, the tensile toughness and elongation amplitudes improved considerably.
Dental Anomali Görülme Sıklığının Digital Panoramik Radyografi İle Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ARSLAN Zeynep Betül , BERKER YILDIZ Dila , YAŞAR Füsun 
Published: December 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı 16-60 yaş arası Konya popülasyonundaki dental anomali görülme sıklığının digital panoramik radyografi ile değerlendirilmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, 2017-2018 yıllarında Selçuk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Ağız, Diş ve Çene Radyolojisi bölümüne muayene amaçlı gelen hastalardan rutin olarak alınan panoramik radyografi görüntüleri üzerinde retrospektif olarak planlanmıştır. Bu amaçla çalışmaya, 16-60 yaş arasında olan rastgele seçilen 1100 hastanın panoramik radyografi görüntüleri dâhil edildi. Çalışmaya travmatik yaralanmalar, damak yarığı, tüm sendromlar ve net olmayan radyografiler dâhil edilmedi. Ayrıca çok çeşitli morfoloji ve pozisyon varyasyonları gösteren üçüncü molar dişler de değerlendirme dışı bırakıldı. Görüntüler iki gözlemci tarafından dental anomali varlığına göre değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Değerlendirilen1100 hastada dental anomali görülme sıklığı % 6.90 (42 kadın 34 erkek toplam 76 hasta) olarak belirlendi. Bu çalışmada görülme sıklığı en yüksek olan anomali tipleri 45 bireyde (% 4.09) gözlenen gömülü kalma ve 19 bireyde (% 1.72) gözlenen sürnümerer diş olarak belirlenmiştir. 5 bireyde (% 0.45) amelogenezis imperfekta, 4 bireyde (% 0.36) dilaserasyon, 2 bireyde (% 0.18) geminasyon, 1 bireyde (% 0.09) ise dens in dente tespit edilmiştirSonuçlar: Dental anomali tipleri ve görülme sıklığı popülasyonlar arasında ve içinde büyük farklılıklar göstermektedir. Bu araştırmada bir grup Türk popülasyonunda dental anomali görülme sıklığı değerlendirildi ve en sık görülen anomaliler gömülü kalma ile sürnümerer diş olarak tespit edildi. Anahtar Kelimeler: Dental anomali, dijital panoramik radyografi, gömülü kalma, prevalans, sürnümerer diş
Claves para problematizar el concepto de institucionalización en los estudios disciplinares: una revisión crítica de la propuesta conceptual de David Altmanes
Authors: Baquero Sergio Angel , Noguera Juan Carlos Rico , Ortiz Julián Andrés Caicedo 
Published: December 2019

Este artículo propone una crítica a la mirada, ya convencional, de la historia disciplinar de la Ciencia Política en América Latina (Bulcourf et al., 2015; Leyva, 2013; Altman, 2005 entre otros). En esa medida, se problematiza el curso que han venido tomando los estudios disciplinares en la región, influidos sobre todo por el concepto “institucionalización”. Se sostendrá que este concepto sufre de dos grandes problemas para poder dar cuenta de las trayectorias de la Ciencia Política en la región: en primer lugar, cae en lo que Sartori (1970) denomina “estiramiento conceptual”; y, en segundo lugar, el concepto deja de lado la complejidad social y el arraigo contextual de las disciplinas. Se concluye que pensar en un desarrollo situado puede aportar a la comprensión de la ciencia política en términos de una transformación consistente con su entorno y acorde a las necesidades de cada país o región.***Chaves para problematizar o conceito de institucionalização em estudos disciplinares: uma revisão crítica da proposta conceitual de David Altman***Este artigo propõe uma crítica à visão já convencional da história disciplinar da ciência política na América Latina (Bulcourf et al., 2015; Leyva, 2013; Altman, 2005 entre outros). Nessa medida, o curso dos estudos disciplinares na região, influenciado principalmente pelo conceito de “institucionalização”, é problematizado. Será discutido que este conceito sofre de dois grandes problemas, a fim de explicar as trajetórias da ciência política na região: primeiro, ela cai no que Sartori (1970) chama de “alongamento conceitual”; e, em segundo lugar, o conceito deixa de lado a complexidade social e as raízes contextuais das disciplinas. Conclui-se que pensar em um desenvolvimento situado da ciência política pode contribuir para a compreensão desta em termos de uma transformação consistente com seu ambiente e de acordo com as necessidades de cada país ou região.
Epidemiology and antibiotic resistance trends of Pantoea species in a tertiary-care teaching hospital: A 12-year retrospective study
Authors: Gajdács M 
Published: December 2019

Purpose

Pantoea species are pigmented, Gram-negative rods belonging to the Enterobacterales order. They are considered rare, opportunistic pathogens and are mostly implicated in nosocomial outbreaks affecting neonates and immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Pantoea species during a 12-year period.

Materials and methods
This retrospective study was carried out using microbiological data collected between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2017. Patients’ data such as age, sex, inpatient/outpatient status, and empiric antibiotic therapy were also collected. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using E-tests; the interpretation was based on European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing breakpoints for Enterobacterales.

Results
Seventy individual Pantoea spp. isolates were identified; the most frequently isolated species was Pantoea agglomerans. Most isolates were susceptible to relevant antibiotics. In 61 out of 68 patients, ampicillin was the empirically administered antibiotic. The highest levels of resistance were to amoxicillin–clavulanic acid and ampicillin. No extended spectrum beta-lactamase-positive isolate was detected.

Conclusions
There is a scarcity of data available on the susceptibility patterns of Pantoea species, but our results correspond to what we could find in the literature. The development of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria is a grave concern, and the development of MDR Pantoea spp. may be expected in the future.
Detection of PLA2R Autoantibodies before the Diagnosis of Membranous Nephropathy
Authors: Burbelo Peter D. , Joshi Megha , Chaturvedi Adrija , Little Dustin J. , Thurlow John S. , Waldman Meryl , Olson Stephen W. 
Published: December 2019

Significance Statement
Primary membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune glomerular disease associated with nephrotic syndrome and poor kidney prognosis. Autoantibodies against the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R-AB) are present at diagnosis in about 70% of cases. However, when PLA2R-AB first appear and their trajectory are unknown. The authors used the Department of Defense Serum Repository to describe the prediagnostic evolution of PLA2R-AB over time. In most patients who tested positive for the antibodies, PLA2R-AB appeared and rose rapidly before biopsy-proven MN and before the earliest preclinical evidence of disease, including non-nephrotic range proteinuria and hypoalbuminemia. Our data provides the strongest evidence to date of direct PLA2R-AB pathogenicity in humans and suggests that earlier screening of patients with unexplained NNRP may be warranted.

Background
Circulating serum autoantibodies against the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R-AB) are a key biomarker in the diagnosis and monitoring of primary membranous nephropathy (MN). However, little is known about the appearance and trajectory of PLA2R-AB before the clinical diagnosis of MN.

Methods
Using the Department of Defense Serum Repository, we analyzed PLA2R-AB in multiple, 1054 longitudinal serum samples collected before diagnosis of MN from 134 individuals with primary MN, 35 individuals with secondary MN, and 134 healthy volunteers. We evaluated the presence and timing of non-nephrotic range proteinuria (NNRP) and serum albumin measurements in relation to PLA2R-AB status.

Results
Analysis of PLA2R-AB in longitudinal serum samples revealed seropositivity in 44% (59 out of 134) of primary MN cases, 3% (one out of 35) of secondary MN cases, and in 0% of healthy controls. Among patients with MN, PLA2R-AB were detectable at a median of 274 days before renal biopsy diagnosis (interquartile range, 71–821 days). Approximately one third of the participants became seropositive within 3 months of MN diagnosis. Of the 21 individuals with documented prediagnostic NNRP, 43% (nine out of 21) were seropositive before NNRP was first documented and 28.5% (six out of 21) were seropositive at the same time as NNRP; 66% (39 out of 59) of those seropositive for PLA2R-AB had hypoalbuminemia present at the time antibody was initially detected. Twelve participants (20%) were seropositive before hypoalbuminemia became apparent, and eight participants (14%) were seropositive after hypoalbuminemia became apparent.

Conclusions
Circulating PLA2R-AB are detectable months to years before documented NNRP and biopsy-proven diagnosis in patients with MN.
Roles asociados de los espectadores en el acoso escolar: validación de una escala para detectarlos
Authors: Vera-Noriega José , González-González Elsa , Peña-Ramos Martha , Durazo-Salas Francisco 
Published: December 2019

Resumen
Objetivo: validar la escala de espectadores que forma parte del instrumento de roles asociados al acoso escolar de Belacchi y Farina (2010). Método: la medición se realizó en secundarias públicas con una muestra representativa de jóvenes de 12 a 17 años en Sonora, México; la escala mide diferentes dimensiones de actuación frente a una situación de acoso escolar, contando con 19 ítems de escala tipo Likert de cinco opciones de respuesta. Los datos fueron procesados siguiendo la teoría de respuesta al ítem: calibración de reactivos por Rasch, Análisis Factorial Exploratorio y Confirmatorio utilizando el programa SPSS con AMOS. Resultados: los parámetros psicométricos obtenidos para el modelo confirmatorio son: un CFI de .96, GFI .96 y RMSEA de .050, Alpha de Cronbach de .82; los resultados muestran tres dimensiones: Reforzador (pro agresor), Defensor (pro víctima) y Evasivo (no participante). Conclusión: Los tres tipos de observadores encontrados contrastan con los cinco y siete roles contemplados inicialmente. Se discuten las diferencias en términos de validez ecológica.
أثر حرب حزيران عام 1967 في شعر نزار قباني
Authors: Alahmad Mohamad 
Published: December 2019

يعد الشاعر السوري نزار
قباني من أهم شعراء العرب في العصر الحديث، وقد ذاع صيته بأنه شاعر المرأة، وارتبط
شعره ارتباطًا وثيقًا بقضاياها. ولكن ارتباطه هذا لم يُحل دون التزامه بقضايا أمته
ووقوفه إلى جانبها في مواجهتها للأحداث التي عصفت بها في العصر الحديث؛ فتوجه
بإبداعه نحو أمته، وصوّر مآسيها المتتالية، ونكساتها المتعاقبة في العصر
الحديث، وأثرها في نفسه، وعبّر عن طموحه إلى تجاوز هذه النكسات وتلك المآسي من
خلال دعوته للوحدة العربية، والعمل الجاد، والاقتداء بالسلف في تحقيق النصر، ونبذ
الخلافات، والتقاعس، والانشغال بتوافه الأمور. وقد أحدثت هزيمة العرب
في حرب حزيران عام 1967 أمام إسرائيل، التي اغتصبتْ فيها سيناء والجولان والضفة
الغربية، بالإضافة إلى ما اغتصبته من أراض عربية قبلها، أثرا بارزا في شعر نزار
قباني؛ بسبب ما خلفته في نفسه من شعور مرّ، وأصبحت الهزيمة من أهمّ القضايا التي
عالجها الشاعر في أشعاره، التي سكب فيها ما يجول في فكره من آراء، وما يحس به من
مشاعر إزاء الهزيمة.

وتطمح هذه الدراسة إلى
تعريف موجز بالشاعر، ثم تعرض أهم الموضوعات التي تناولها في قصائده المتعلقة بحرب
حزيران 1967، وهي: نتائج حرب حزيران، وأسباب هزيمة العرب فيها، وطرق تجاوزها، ثم
تدرس البنية الفنية، وتسلط الضوء فيها على أهم الأدوات الفنية التي وظفها الشاعر
في بنائها، وهي: التناص القرآني، والرمز، والتكرار، ثم تتتبع المفردات الجديدة
التي ظهرت بعد تلك الحرب في قاموس الشاعر الشعري.