bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Curious Case of Transient Plasma Generated by ns-laser Ablation of Ag in Ar Gas
Authors: Irimiciuc Stefan , Chertopalov Sergii , Bulíř Jiŕí , Fekete Ladislav , Novotný Michal , Craciun Valentin , Lancok Jan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The continuous effort for transitioning pulsed laser deposition technique from an experimental tool into an industrial one is sustained by the use of complex technologies for in situ real-time monitoring of the deposition process. Floating Langmuir Probe (LP) and optical emission spectroscopy (OES) measurements were used for plasma monitoring during the pulsed laser deposition of Ag films under various Ar pressure conditions. The electrical measurements revealed a complex multi-structured distribution of the ions, which was strongly influenced by the increase of Ar pressure. The generation of highly energetic ions with the addition of Ar and the degree of Ar gas ionization was also explored. OES measurements confirmed the presence of highly ionized Ar species in the plasma. A peculiar effect was seen under pressures higher than 10 Pa, where the presence of high electronic charges lead to a perturbative behavior of plasma in the vicinity of the LP. The effect of these complex dynamics on the structure and quality of the deposited thin film was also investigated revealing a strong correlation between the electronic distribution in plasma and thin film thickness profile.
Quantum Deep Learning Functional Similarities on Remdesivir, Drug Synergies to Treat COVID-19 in Practice.
Authors: Grigoriadis Ioannis 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Νovel SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) of the family Coronaviridae starting in China and spreading around the world is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA of the genus betacoronavirus encoding the SARS-COV-2 (2019-NCOV, Coronavirus Disease 2019. Remdesivir drug, or GS-5734 lead compound, first described in 2016 as a potential anti-viral agent for Ebola diseade and has also being researched as a potential therapeutic agent against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Computer-aided drug design (CADD), Structure and Ligand based Drug Repositioning strategies based on parallel docking methodologies have been widely used for both modern drug development and drug repurposing to find effective treatments against this disease. Quantum mechanics, molecular mechanics, molecular dynamics (MD), and combinations have shown superior performance to other drug design approaches providing an unprecedented opportunity in the rational drug development fields and for the developing of innovative drug repositioning methods. We tested 18 phytochemical small molecule libraries and predicted their synergies in COVID-19 (2019- NCOV), to devise therapeutic strategies, repurpose existing ones in order to counteract highly pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 infection and the BRD4- conserved residue associated COVID-19 pathology. We anticipate that our quantum deep learing similarity approaches can be used for the development of anticoronaviral drug combinations in large scale HTS screenings, and to maximize the safety and efficacy of the Remdesivir, Colchicine and Ursolic acid drugs already known to induce synergy with potential therapeutic value or drug repositioning to COVID-19 patients.
The Primary Breaking Pattern of Main Roof Above the First Working Face Based on Main Bending Moment
Authors: Yang Baogui , yang haigang , Lu Xiaofeng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Scientific mining is based on breaking regularity of roof above underground working face in coal mine. In order to explore the primary breaking pattern of main roof above the first working face, on account of theory of thin elastic plate, development of the breaking in each region of main roof is analyzed and the breaking sequence of each region is explored in virtue of main bending moment taken as the breaking parameter. The results indicate that the first broken point of main roof is midpoint of the long side. The breaking, which occurs on the top surface of main roof, is caused by the second main bending moment. The fracture in long side region starts from midpoint of the long side and develops along the length direction of the working face. The fracture in middle region starts from the center of main roof and develops along the length direction of the working face. The fracture in short side region starts from midpoint of the short side and develops along advance direction of the working face. There always is an extreme value order of control moment in each region, Mc > Mz > Md, when a single parameter is within a reasonable range. Due to this, the breaking sequence is the long side region, the middle region and the short side region although they end up with the same breaking pattern O-X. Mc, Mz and Md depend on the advance distance of working face and increase linearly with transverse loading. Besides, the short side of main roof becomes stable with the increase of the length of working face. Revealing the primary breaking pattern of main roof above the first working face contributes to learning breaking behavior of main roof and providing theoretical support for design of the working face and roof management.
Burden and Etiology of Moderate and Severe Diarrhea in Chinese Children Less than 5 years of Age: Prospective, Population-based Surveillance
Authors: Zhou Hong-Lu , Bessey Theresa , Wang Song-Mei , Mo Zhao-Jun , Barclay Leslie , Wang Jin-Xia , Zhang Can-Jing , Ma Jing-Chen , Qiu Chao , Zhao Gan , Li Rong-Cheng , Zhao Yu-Liang , Jiang Baoming , Wang Xuan-Yi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background. Diarrhea remains the leading cause of childhood illness in China. Better understanding of burden and etiology of diarrheal diseases is important for development of effective prevention measures.Methods. Population-based diarrhea surveillance was conducted in Sanjiang (southern China) year-round and Zhengding (northern China) in autumn/winter. Stool specimens were collected from children <5 years of age experiencing diarrhea. The TaqMan Array Card (TAC), based on multiplex real-time PCR, was applied to detect multiple enteric microbial agents simultaneously. Results using these methods were compared to those derived from conventional PCR assays.Results. During the study period, 6,380 children in Zhengding and 3,581 children in Sanjiang <5 years of age participated. Three hundred and forty (31.2%) and 279 (22.9%) diarrhea episodes were identified as moderate-to-severe in the two counties, with incidence of 60.4 and 88.3 cases per 1,000 child-years in Zhengding and Sanjiang, respectively. The five most frequently detected bacterial and viral agents in Sanjiang were adenovirus, enterovirus, enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC), rotavirus, and sapovirus all the year round, while the most common viral agents in Zhengding were rotavirus, followed by astrovirus and adenovirus during the cool season. Compared to conventional PCR assay, the average incremental detection via the TAC method was 2-fold.Conclusion. Our study demonstrated high diversity and prevalence of multiple major bacterial and viral agents, including rotavirus and calicivirus, among children in China. Further studies are needed to define the public health significance of neglected but frequently detected pathogens such as EAEC, enterotoxigenic E. coli, Campylobacter, adenovirus, and enterovirus.
Selected Lactobacillus Strains Inhibit Inflammation in LPS-induced RAW264.7 Macrophages by Suppressing the TLR4-Mediated NF-κB and MAPKs Activation
Authors: Shi Jialu , Xie Qinggang , Li Huizhen , Yue Yingxue , Evivie Smith , Li Na , Guan Jiaqi , Li Bailiang , Huo Guicheng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria, oxidative stress, immunity disorder, and inflammation are involved in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) development. Lactobacillus acidophilus KLDS 1.0901, Lactobacillus helveticus KLDS 1.8701, and Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS 1.0318 isolated from Chinese fermented dairy food with various functional characteristics, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activity. Therefore, we selected three strains as a potential application for preventing IBD. However, the anti-inflammatory properties of the tested strains are unknown. The current study evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of the tested strains using the LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells model. The results showed that all tested strains could inhibit iNOS and COX-2 expression, reducing NO and PGE2 production. And all tested strains markedly reduced the production and mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6). Moreover, these results may be associated with inhibiting the translocation of NF-κB into nuclear and MAPKs activation. The study can provide evidence for further in vivo studies of Lactobacillus strains to prevent IBD.
Association Between Cardiac Enzyme Elevation and Clinical Prognosis of Neurosurgical and Neurocritically Ill Patients
Authors: Lee Jung Hwa , Lee Yun Im , Ahn Joonghyun , Ryu Jeong-Am 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: To investigate whether cardiac troponin (cTn) elevation is associated with in-hospital mortality and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) in neurosurgical and neurocritically ill patients. Methods: Among neurosurgical patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) in a tertiary hospital from January 2013 to December 2019, those whose serum cTnI levels were obtained within 7 days after ICU admission were included. Propensity score matching was used. Each patient with cTnI elevation was matched to one of control patients. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome was MACE. Results: cTnI elevation was shown in 702 (11.7%) of 6,004 patients. After propensity score matching, 617 pairs of data were generated by 1:1 individual matching without replacement. Rates of in-hospital mortality in the overall population and the propensity score-matched population were higher for patients with cTnI elevation than for those without cTnI elevation (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). In addition, MACEs were more common in patients with cTnI elevation than in those without cTnI elevation in the overall population and the propensity score-matched population (both p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis of overall and propensity score-matched population, cTnI elevation were associated with in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 2.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.95 – 3.95 and adjusted OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.20 – 2.62, respectively). In addition, cTnI elevation were associated with MACE (adjusted OR: 3.75, 95% CI: 2.43 – 5.78 and adjusted OR: 4.04, 95% CI: 2.24 – 7.29, respectively). In survival analysis, the mortality rate of patients with cTnI elevation was significantly higher than in those without cTnI elevation for the propensity score-matched population (28.8% vs. 19.3%, log-rank test, p < 0.001).Conclusions: In this study, cTnI elevation was associated with in-hospital mortality and MACEs in neurosurgical and neurocritically ill patients.
Clinical Comparative Study of Lower Limb PICC and Deep Venous Catheterization
Authors: Li FengXian , Hao YuFen , Tian MeiJing , Li YanPing , Zhang HongYang , Su peng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective: To compare the clinical application effects of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) and deep venous catheters placed through the lower limbs in adults, and to explore the advantages of ultrasound-guided PICC through the lower limbs in adults. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 27 bedridden patients with advanced malignant tumor between February 2017 and February 2019. The success rate of one-time catheterization, the length of catheterization puncture time, the number of catheterizations, and the occurrence of catheter-related complications of the two methods were compared. Results: Results of the study showed that ultrasound-guided PICC through the lower limbs has a higher success rate than deep venous catheterization. The average length of puncture time in adults with PICC through the lower limbs under ultrasound guidance was shorter than that in the femoral vein group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of catheter-related complications between the two groups. Conclusion: The indications for PICC through the lower limbs in adults include patients with advanced malignant tumor after bilateral breast cancer lymphadenectomy or superior vena cava obstruction syndrome, and mainly bedridden patients. This technique has certain advantages over deep venous catheterization and is an effective choice for venous access.
The Optimal Duration of Anti-tuberculous Therapy Before Pericardiectomy in Constrictive Tuberculous Pericarditis
Authors: Fang Likui , Yu Guocan , Ye Bo , Zhong Fangming , Chen Gang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: It is unclear about the duration of anti-tuberculous therapy before pericardiectomy (DATT) in the patients with constrictive tuberculous pericarditis. This study aims to explore the optimal DATT and its impacts in these patients.Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 93 patients with constrictive tuberculous pericarditis undergoing pericardiectomy and divided them into two groups according to the optimal cutoff value of DATT which was determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and Youden Index. Postoperative and survival outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results: The optimal cutoff value of DATT was 1.05 (months). The enrolled patients were divided into the DATT≤1.05 group and the DATT>1.05 group, with 24 (25.8%) and 69 (74.2%) cases, respectively. Comparing with the DATT≤1.05 group, the DATT>1.05 group had shorter postoperative ICU stay (P=0.023), duration of chest drainage (P=0.002), postoperative hospital stay (P=0.001) and lower incidence of postoperative complications (P<0.001). There was no statistical difference between the two groups in recurrence and survival outcomes.Conclusions: It would be of great benefit to enhanced recovery after pericardiectomy in the patients with constrictive tuberculous pericarditis if DATT lasted for at least one month.
Evaluation of Hepatitis B Virus Nucleos(t)ide Analogues Resistance mutations in Treatment-Naïve Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mohebbi Alireza , Shirzad-Aski Hesamaddin , Ebrahimi Mohsen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: For detection of the nucleus(t)ide analog resistance (NAr) mutants among Hepatitis B virus (HBV) quasispecies, the selection of appropriate methodologies is necessary. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of different methods for the detection of NAr mutations among treatment-naïve patients with chronic HBV (CHB) infection.Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis study, five databases were searched. Desired data were extracted from the selected studies. The I2 was used as an indicator of heterogeneity. The NAr mutations rate was investigated with a 95% confidence interval (CI).Results: The overall ratio of occurrence of NAr within treatment-naïve CHB patients (14653) from 128 studies was 0.085 (95% CI, 0.069-0.103, p-value < 0.0001). Direct sequencing was the most prevalent method of DNA sequencing (56.25%). The rates of NAr mutations in the different methodologies, including the direct sequencing, InnoLipa, NGS, and PASS, were 0.079 (0.037-0.160, p < 0.0001), 0.058 (0.021-0.152, p < 0.0001), 0.729 (0.441-0.902, p = 0.114), and 0.448 (0.281-0.628, p = 0.001), respectively.Conclusions: Drug-resistant quasispecies of HBV exist in treatment-naïve patients in relatively high abundance. More sensitive methodologies like NGS should be used for detecting NAr fractions of the viral population. Replacement of current therapy with novel anti-HBV candidates also should be considered.
Metagenomics Unveils Posidonia Oceanica “Banquettes” as a Potential Source of Novel Bioactive Compounds and CAZymes
Authors: Rubio-Portillo Esther , Cuadrado Ana Belén Martin , Ramos-Esplá Alfonso A. , Anton Josefa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Posidonia oceanica is a long-living and very slow-growing marine seagrass endemic to the Mediterranean Sea. It produces large amounts of leaf material and rhizomes, which can reach the shore and build important banks known as “banquettes”. In recent years, interest in the potential uses of these P. oceanica banquettes has increased and it was demonstrated that biomass extracts showed antioxidant, antifungal, and antiviral activities. The discovery of new compounds through the culture of microorganisms is limited, and to overcome this limitation, a metagenomic study was performed to investigate the microbial community associated with P. oceanica banquettes. Results The microbial community associated with P. oceanica banquettes was dominated by Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria. Pseudoalteromonas was the most abundant genus, followed by Alteromonas , Labrencia, and Aquimarina . The metagenome reads were binned and assembled into 23 near-complete metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), which belonged to new families of Cyanobacteria, Myxococcota and Granulosicoccaceae and also to the novel genus recently described as Gammaproteobacteria family UBA10353. A comparative analysis with 60 published metagenomes from different environments, including seawater, marine biofilms, soils, corals, sponges and hydrothermal vents, indicated that banquettes have numbers of natural products and Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes (CAZymes) similar to those found for soils and were only surpassed by marine biofilms. New condensation (C) domains in multi-enzymatic non ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) solely found in P. oceanica banquettes were recovered; 90 of the 181 found lacked known homologues. Furthermore, new proteins assigned to cellulosome modules and lignocellulose-degrading enzymes were also found. Conclusions Our results unveiled the diverse microbial composition of P. oceanica banquettes and determined that banquettes are a potential source of bioactive compounds and novel enzymes.
Cell-Derived Hexameric β-Amyloid: A Novel Insight Into Composition, Self-Assembly and Nucleating Properties
Authors: Vadukul Devkee , Vrancx Céline , Burguet Pierre , Contino Sabrina , Suelves Nuria , Serpell Louise , Quinton Loïc , Kienlen-Campard Pascal 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A key hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the extracellular deposition of amyloid plaques composed primarily of the amyloidogenic amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. The Aβ peptide is a product of sequential cleavage of the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP), the first step of which gives rise to a C-terminal Fragment (C99). Cleavage of C99 by γ-secretase activity releases Aβ of several lengths and the Aβ42 isoform in particular has been identified as being neurotoxic. The misfolding of Aβ leads to subsequent amyloid fibril formation by nucleated polymerisation. This requires an initial and critical nucleus for self-assembly. Here, we identify and characterise the composition and self-assembly properties of cell-derived hexameric Aβ42 and show its nucleating properties which are dependent on the Aβ monomer availability. Identification of nucleating assemblies that contribute to self-assembly in this way may serve as therapeutic targets to prevent the formation of toxic oligomers.
Clinical Features and Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID19): A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Sulaiman Khalid Al , Juhani Ohoud A. Al , Eljaaly Khalid , Alharbi Aisha A. , Shabasy Adel M. Al , Alsaeedi Alawi S. , Mutairi Mashael Al , Badreldin Hisham A. , Harbi Shmeylan A. Al , Haji Hussain A. Al , Zumai Omar I. Al , Vishwakarma Ramesh , Alkatheri Abdulmalik 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundA novel coronavirus, named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) manifested by a broad spectrum of symptoms, ranging from asymptomatic manifestations to severe illness and death. The purpose of the study was to extensively describe the clinical features and outcomes in critically ill patients with COVID19 in Saudi Arabia. MethodA multi-center, non-interventional, observational study for all critically ill patients aged 18 years or older who are admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) between March 1st to August 31st, 2020 with an objectively confirmed diagnosis of COVID19. The diagnosis of COVID19 was confirmed by Reverse Transcriptase – Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) on nasopharyngeal and/or throat swabs. Multivariate logistic regression and generalized linear regression were used. We considered a P value of < 0.05 statistically significant. ResultsA total of 560 patients met the inclusion criteria. The overall survival rate was 52.6 % (295 patients). Moreover, the overall ICU mortality rate within 30 days was 42.3 % (237 patients). The median ICU length of stay (LOS), hospital LOS, and mechanical ventilation duration were of 10 days (IQR 6.00-17.50), 17 days (IQR 11-25), and 9 days (IQR 3-17 days), respectively. The rate of ICU readmission for survival within three months was 9.7 %. An extensive list of clinical features was associated with ICU mortality rate within 30 days.ConclusionIn the most comprehensive report to date from Saudi Arabia, among patients with COVID19 who were admitted to the ICU, several variables were associated with increasing the risk of ICU death at 30 days, and the incidence of ICU mortality rate within 30 days 42.3%.
Development and Validation of a Risk Factor-Based Nomogram to Early Predict in-Hospital Mortality in Adult Patients With Suspected Infection Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit: a Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Qiuhe , Liang Shengru , Yang Yuefan , Guo Kai , Gao Fei , Wang Pan , Li Wen , Zhao Yongbo , Li Lihong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe over-consumption of time for data collection in the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and the poor performance of the quickSOFA (qSOFA) score in predicting poor prognosis among patients with suspected infection in intensive care unit (ICU) may delay the treatment towards sepsis. The aim of this study is to develop a prediction model to early identify patients with suspected infection who are under a high risk of in-hospital mortality in ICU.MethodsPatients with suspected infection were retrospectively retrieved from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC III) database. Objective variables whose results can be obtained within a short period of time were integrated into the uni- and multi-variate logistic regression to screen the independent predictors for the in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with suspected infection. Then, the prediction nomogram was constructed by these independent predictors in the training set, and undergone internal validation and sensitivity analysis.ResultsA total of 7000 patients with suspected infection were included into the final analysis. In the training set, multivariate logistic regression revealed that patient’s age, elixhauser index, the first result of lactate, red blood cell distribution width (RDW), white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte, PH value and bicarbonate as well as the first hour’s mean value of respiratory rate, temperature and SpO2 since ICU admission were the independent predictors for the in-hospital mortality. Then, a nomogram for predicting the in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with suspected infection was developed in the training set and exhibited strong discrimination and calibration as well as great clinical usefulness in both of the training and validation sets as well as the sensitivity analysis.ConclusionsThe nomogram shows good predictive performance in ICU to identify adult patients with suspected infection who are likely to die in hospital, which may facilitate clinicians to initiate necessary treatment towards sepsis timely and finally improve the prognosis of septic patients.