bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extracorporeal and advanced therapies for progressive refractory near‐fatal acute severe asthma in children
Authors: Medar Shivanand S. , Peek Giles J. , Rastogi Deepa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAsthma is the most common chronic illness and is one of the most common medical emergencies in children. Progressive refractory near‐fatal asthma requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation can lead to death. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can provide adequate gas exchange during acute respiratory failure although data on outcomes in children requiring ECMO support for status asthmaticus is sparse with one study reporting survival rates of nearly 85% with asthma being one of the best outcome subsets for patients with refractory respiratory failure requiring ECMO support. We describe the current literature on the use of ECMO and other advanced extracorporeal therapies available for children with acute severe asthma. We also review other advanced invasive and noninvasive therapies in acute severe asthma both before and while on ECMO support.
Feedback stabilization of linear systems with multiple controllers via bumpless transfer inputs and combined switching
Authors: Wang Miaomiao , Sun Zhendong 
Published: March 2020

SummaryFor a linear system with multiple controllers, we address the problem of stabilization by means of bumpless transfer inputs and combined switching. The main idea is to design combined switching signals consisting of both state‐feedback logic and time‐driven mechanism. The discontinuities of the control signal during controller switching is compensated over the dwell time intervals, and the compensator is designed so that switching signal keeps unchanged. The state trajectories of the compensated system are proved to be bounded and convergent. A numerical example is presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Brief mindfulness session improves mood and increases salivary oxytocin in psychology students
Authors: Bellosta‐Batalla Miguel , del Carmen Blanco‐Gandía María , Rodríguez‐Arias Marta , Cebolla Ausiàs , Pérez‐Blasco Josefa , Moya‐Albiol Luis 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMindfulness‐based interventions (MBI) have been shown to be effective in increasing empathy in health professionals. Yet, more research is needed to analyse the specific influence of mindfulness exercises on biological variables involved in empathy, such as the biological system of oxytocin activity. In this study, we analyse the effects of a brief mindfulness session on positive and negative affect, state anxiety and salivary oxytocin (sOXT) in psychology students (N = 68). In the experimental group (n = 42), a mindfulness session was performed that included different guided meditation exercises. In the control group (n = 26), an emotion recognition exercise was carried out, along with a series of creative activities. Results showed that the mindfulness session was effective, because there was a significant reduction in negative affect (d = −.56, p < .001) and state anxiety (d = −.54, p = .007) in the experimental group. Likewise, there was an increase in sOXT (d = .99, p < .001) in this group, compared with the control group. Guided mindfulness meditation practice could be useful to reach an emotional and biological state that facilitates empathy. In this regard, the increase in sOXT after the mindfulness session adds further evidence about the biological mechanisms underlying the benefits of MBI on empathy.
Acute Phase Response as a Biological Mechanism‐of‐Action of (Nano)particle‐Induced Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Hadrup Niels , Zhernovkov Vadim , Jacobsen Nicklas Raun , Voss Carola , Strunz Maximilian , Ansari Meshal , Schiller Herbert B. , Halappanavar Sabina , Poulsen Sarah S. , Kholodenko Boris , Stoeger Tobias , Saber Anne Thoustrup , Vogel Ulla 
Published: March 2020

AbstractInhaled nanoparticles constitute a potential health hazard due to their size‐dependent lung deposition and large surface to mass ratio. Exposure to high levels contributes to the risk of developing respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as of lung cancer. Particle‐induced acute phase response may be an important mechanism of action of particle‐induced cardiovascular disease. Here, the authors review new important scientific evidence showing causal relationships between inhalation of particle and nanomaterials, induction of acute phase response, and risk of cardiovascular disease. Particle‐induced acute phase response provides a means for risk assessment of particle‐induced cardiovascular disease and underscores cardiovascular disease as an occupational disease.
Time‐dependent model and life prediction for reinforcement corrosion in magnesium oxychloride cement concrete
Authors: Gong Wei , Wang Nan , Zhang Na , Chen Guangfeng 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAn effective approach to make better use of the salt‐brine resistance of magnesium oxychloride cement concrete (MOCC) and reduce “magnesium damage” (the concentrate of magnesium resources) that destroys the ecological balance in salt lake areas is to apply MOCC widely. However, the first problem is the high chloride ion content in MOCC, which corrodes reinforcement easily. Concrete cover depth, the experimental environment, and surface treatment of rebar were considered factors study in reinforcement corrosion in MOCC. Based on the tests conducted, a time‐dependent model for reinforcement corrosion in MOCC was proposed, and its life time (initial corrosion and initial cracking time) was calculated and verified in tests. The results showed that proper coating could inhibit reinforcement corrosion and increase the service life of rebar significantly. Further, the salt lake environment had little influence on reinforcement corrosion in MOCC. For exposed rebar in MOCC, the larger the concrete cover depth, the more serious the reinforcement corrosion, while, for coated rebar, the converse was true. All cases of reinforcement corrosion in MOCC conformed to the logarithmic‐type time‐dependent model before concrete cracking. Accordingly, reinforcement corrosion in MOCC and the excess of magnesium resources are expected to be solved.
The association in Kampo medicine between Oketsu (blood stasis) and sublingual vein width of the tongue on a tongue image analyzing system
Authors: Morita Akira , Murakami Aya , Watanabe Yuki , Tamura Yutaka , Suganami Akiko , Shiko Yuki , Kawasaki Yohei , Nakaguchi Toshiya , Ochi Sadayuki , Okudaira Kazuho , Hirasaki Yoshiro , Namiki Takao 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTAimRegarding tongue diagnosis, the sublingual vein is known as one of the sites of Oketsu (blood stasis) findings; however, the association between blood stasis and sublingual vein width based on measurement of the diameter of the vein using quantitative methods is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between blood stasis and sublingual vein width.MethodThis retrospective cross‐sectional study included 38 patients of 20 years old and over (median age, 68.7 ± 11.3 years; 14 men and 24 women) who visited the Department of Kampo Medicine at Chiba University Hospital from May to August 2017. We reviewed the blood stasis score, and the width of the sublingual vein measured using a Tongue Image Analyzing System (TIAS), patients' physical findings, and blood test results. We classified the patients into non‐blood stasis (NBS) and blood stasis (BS) using Terasawa's diagnostic criteria for blood stasis.ResultThe sublingual vein width in BS was significantly greater than that in NBS. Approximately 80% of the BS patients had a sublingual vein width greater than 3.0 mm.ConclusionThe present study showed, for the first time, that patients with blood stasis tend to have a larger sublingual vein width based on an objective method. Moreover, TIAS, which can quantify tongue‐related information objectively, may be considered useful for training and as a diagnostic aid.
Ensemble flood forecasting: Current status and future opportunities
Authors: Wu Wenyan , Emerton Rebecca , Duan Qingyun , Wood Andrew W. , Wetterhall Fredrik , Robertson David E. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEnsemble flood forecasting has gained significant momentum over the past decade due to the growth of ensemble numerical weather and climate prediction, expansion in high performance computing, growing interest in shifting from deterministic to risk‐based decision‐making that accounts for forecast uncertainty, and the efforts of communities such as the international Hydrologic Ensemble Prediction Experiment (HEPEX), which focuses on advancing relevant ensemble forecasting capabilities and fostering its adoption. With this shift, comes the need to understand the current state of ensemble flood forecasting, in order to provide insights into current capabilities and areas for improvement, thus identifying future research opportunities to allow for better allocation of research resources. In this article, we provide an overview of current research activities in ensemble flood forecasting and discuss knowledge gaps and future research opportunities, based on a review of 70 papers focusing on various aspects of ensemble flood forecasting around the globe. Future research directions include opportunities to improve technical aspects of ensemble flood forecasting, such as data assimilation techniques and methods to account for more sources of uncertainty, and developing ensemble forecasts for more variables, for example, flood inundation, by applying techniques such as machine learning. Further to this, we conclude that there is a need to not only improve technical aspects of flood forecasting, but also to bridge the gap between scientific research and hydrometeorological model development, and real‐world flood management using probabilistic ensemble forecasts, especially through effective communication.This article is categorized under:
Engineering Water > Methods
Science of Water > Water Extremes
SU(3)F analysis for beauty baryon decays
Authors: Dery Avital , Ghosh Mitrajyoti , Grossman Yuval , Schacht Stefan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We perform a general SU(3)F analysis of $$ b\to c\overline{c}s(d) $$
b
→
c

c
¯

s

d

decays of members of the beauty baryon antitriplet to a member of the light baryon octet and a singlet. Under several reasonable assumptions we found $$ \left|\mathcal{A}\left({\Xi}_b^0\to \Lambda S\right)/\mathcal{A}\left({\Xi}_b^0\to {\Xi}^0S\right)\right|\approx 1/\sqrt{6}\left|{V}_{cb}^{\ast }{V}_{cd}/\left({V}_{cb}^{\ast }{V}_{cs}\right)\right| $$

A

Ξ
b
0

→
Λ
S

/
A

Ξ
b
0

→

Ξ
0

S

≈
1
/

6

V
cb
∗

V
cd

/

V
cb
∗

V
cs

and $$ \left|\mathcal{A}\left({\Lambda}_b\to {\Sigma}^0S\right)/\mathcal{A}\left({\Lambda}_b\to \Lambda S\right)\right|\sim 0.02 $$

A

Λ
b

→

Σ
0

S

/
A

Λ
b

→
Λ
S

∼
0.02
. These two relations have been recently probed by LHCb for the case of S = J/ψ. The former agrees with the measurement, while for the latter our prediction lies close to the upper bound set by LHCb.
Connected monads weakly preserve products
Authors: Gumm H. Peter 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIf F is a (not necessarily associative) monad on Set, then the natural transformation $$F(A\times B)\rightarrow F(A)\times F(B)$$F(A×B)→F(A)×F(B) is surjective if and only if $$F(\varvec{1})=\varvec{1}$$F(1)=1. Specializing F to $$F_{\mathcal {V}}$$FV, the free algebra functor for a variety $$\mathcal {V},$$V, this result generalizes and clarifies an observation by Dent, Kearnes and Szendrei in 2012.
Spatial interactive projections in robot-based inspection systems
Authors: Bauer Philipp , Fink Fridolin , Magaña Alejandro , Reinhart Gunther 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDue to major technological improvements over the last decades and a significant decrease in costs, electronic projection systems show great potential for providing innovative applications across industries. In most cases, projectors are used to display entire images onto contiguous plane surfaces, but with no active consideration of their three-dimensional environment. Since spatial interactive projections promise new possibilities to display information in the manufacturing industry, we developed a practical approach to how common projection systems can be integrated into a working space and interact with their environment. In order to display information in a spatially dependent manner, a projection model was introduced along with a calibration method for mapping. Subsequently, the approach was validated in the context of robot-based optical inspection systems where texture projections are applied onto sheet metal parts as references features, exclusively to designated regions. The results show that accurate region-specific projections were possible within the calibrated projection volume. In addition, the accuracy and computing speed were investigated to identify limitations. Our approach for interactive projections supports the transfer to other application areas, enables us to rethink current manual and automated procedures and processes in which visualized information benefits the task of interest, and provides new functionalities for manufacturing industries.
Around the nonlinear Ryll-Nardzewski theorem
Authors: Wiśnicki Andrzej 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSuppose that Q is a $$\hbox {weak}^{*}$$weak∗ compact convex subset of a dual Banach space with the Radon–Nikodým property. We show that if (S, Q) is a nonexpansive and norm-distal dynamical system, then there is a fixed point of S in Q and the set of fixed points is a nonexpansive retract of Q. As a consequence we obtain a nonlinear extension of the Bader–Gelander–Monod theorem concerning isometries in L-embedded Banach spaces. A similar statement is proved for weakly compact convex subsets of a locally convex space, thus giving the nonlinear counterpart of the Ryll-Nardzewski theorem.
Song-type switching rate in the chaffinch carries a message during simulated intrusion
Authors: Deoniziak Krzysztof , Osiejuk Tomasz S. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Birds communicate their motivation and willingness to escalate a territorial conflict with a variety of agonistic signals. One of these, song-type switching, has been suggested to be a conventional signal in male–male interactions. However, this behavior does not show a consistent pattern across species. In this study, we asked whether variation in song-switching rate carries a message for song receivers among territorial chaffinches, Fringilla coelebs. Chaffinch song is well described, but only a few studies have focused on the communicative function of song-type switching or bout duration. Using data from playback experiments, we show here that variation in song-type switching rate affects the response of chaffinches. In response to the low switching rate treatment, territorial males began to sing later, produced fewer songs and more rain calls, decreased flight intensity, and spent more time close to the speaker than during playback of songs with a high switching rate. Our results provide strong evidence that the song-type switching rate is an agonistic signal in the chaffinch and that territorial males exhibit a stronger response toward rivals that sing with a lower song-type switching rate. A secondary purpose of our study was to determine the receivers’ response with respect to their own song rate and song repertoire. We found that the reaction of tested males was correlated with their own spontaneous song rate. This implies that a male’s response to stimuli may be predicted on the basis of his own song output.

Significance statement
Using playback experiments, we show that birds’ responses to simulated territorial intrusion vary not only with the type of stimulus but also with the tested males’ spontaneous song output. We found that, from the perspective of the song receiver, variation in switching rate carries a message for territorial chaffinches. Our findings add a new example of agonistic signaling in which territorial males exhibit a stronger response toward rivals singing with lower song-type switching rate, which up to now has only been demonstrated in a few species. Moreover, our results show that a male’s response to playback could be predicted using his song output. This may be associated with motivation and willingness to escalate a conflict and could possibly also indicate a male’s quality.
Epigenetic lifestyle of Epstein-Barr virus
Authors: Buschle Alexander , Hammerschmidt Wolfgang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a model of herpesvirus latency and epigenetic changes. The virus preferentially infects human B-lymphocytes (and also other cell types) but does not turn them straight into virus factories. Instead, it establishes a strictly latent infection in them and concomitantly induces the activation and proliferation of infected B cells. How the virus establishes latency in its target cells is only partially understood, but its latent state has been studied intensively by many. During latency, several copies of the viral genome are maintained as minichromosomes in the nucleus. In latently infected cells, most viral genes are epigenetically repressed by cellular chromatin constituents and DNA methylation, but certain EBV genes are spared and remain expressed to support the latent state of the virus in its host cell. Latency is not a dead end, but the virus can escape from this state and reactivate. Reactivation is a coordinated process that requires the removal of repressive chromatin components and a gain in accessibility for viral and cellular factors and machines to support the entire transcriptional program of EBV’s ensuing lytic phase. We have a detailed picture of the initiating events of EBV’s lytic phase, which are orchestrated by a single viral protein – BZLF1. Its induced expression can lead to the expression of all lytic viral proteins, but initially it fosters the non-licensed amplification of viral DNA that is incorporated into preformed capsids. In the virions, the viral DNA is free of histones and lacks methylated cytosine residues which are lost during lytic DNA amplification. This review provides an overview of EBV’s dynamic epigenetic changes, which are an integral part of its ingenious lifestyle in human host cells.
Inter-observer reproducibility of classical lobular neoplasia (B3 lesions) in preoperative breast biopsies: a study of the Swiss Working Group of breast and gynecopathologists
Authors: Moskovszky Linda , Berger Barbara , Fleischmann Achim , Friedrich Thomas , Helmchen Birgit , Körner Meike , Rau Tilman T. , Varga Zsuzsanna 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Classical type of lobular neoplasia (LN) spans a spectrum of disease, including atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), classical lobular neoplasia (LN), and the three-tiered classification of lobular intraepithelial neoplasia (LIN-1, -2, -3). This study addressed inter-observer variability of classical lobular neoplasias (LN) (B3 lesions) in preoperative breast biopsies among breast and gynecopathologists

Methods
A retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted. 40 preoperative digital images of breast core/vacuum biopsies were analyzed by eight experienced breast- and gynecopathologists. Evaluation criteria were ALH, LCIS, LN classic, LIN-1, LIN-2, LIN-3, focal B3 (one focus), extensive B3 (> one focus). Kappa-index and Chi-square tests were used for statistics. Digital scanned slides were provided to each participant. Agreement between the categories was defined as at least six of eight (cut-off 75%) concordant diagnoses.

Results
The highest agreement between eight pathologists was reached using the category lobular neoplasia (LN, classical), 26/40 (65%) cases were diagnosed as such. Agreements in other categories was low or poor: 12/40 (30%) (ALH), 9/40 (22%) (LCIS), 8/40 (20%) (LIN-1), 8/40 (20%) (focal B3), 3/40 (7.5%) (LIN-2), and 2/40 (5%) (extensive B3). Chi-square-test (classical LN versus the other nomenclatures) was significant (p = 0.001137).

Conclusion
Our data suggest that among Swiss breast pathologists, the most reproducible diagnosis for B3 lobular lesions is the category of classical LN. These data further support lack of consistent data in retrospective studies using different terminologies. Validation of reproducible nomenclature is warranted in further studies. This information is useful especially in view of retro- and prospective data analysis with different diagnostic categories.
Embedded screen-printed transducers in bulk polymer microfluidic devices
Authors: Hintermüller Marcus A. , Offenzeller Christina , Knoll Marcel , Hilber Wolfgang , Jakoby Bernhard 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe present a low-cost method to fabricate microfluidic devices with embedded transducers suitable for rapid prototyping on a lab scale and potentially also for mass production. To achieve this goal, a method for fabricating passive microfluidic devices using a solvent bonding technique for sealing is introduced. To avoid clogging, liquid metal (gallium) is utilized as a sacrificial layer during this bonding process. A sensor fabrication method compatible with the rapid prototyping ambitions is screen printing. Sensors based on thermal, capacitive and mechanical effects are fabricated by screen printing and are embedded into channels. The proposed processing methods can be easily adapted to achieve specific requirements associated with different tasks in lab-on-a-chip devices.
Studying the effects of bismuth on the electrochemical properties of lead dioxide layers by using the in situ EQCM technique
Authors: Broda Balázs , Inzelt György 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe charge-discharge characteristics and the aging mechanism of PbO2 layers doped with bismuth in contact with sulfuric acid solutions were studied by using combined cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) techniques. For this purpose, thick lead dioxide layers (non-doped and doped with Bi) were electrodeposited on gold substrate from aqueous solutions of Pb(NO3)2 dissolved in nitric acid and they were investigated in sulfuric acid media. Based on the electrochemical and the mass change responses, it is concluded that during the electrodeposition, bismuth influences the structure of the PbO2 formed. Bi(III) also inhibits the oxidation of lead sulfate and affects the reduction kinetics of lead dioxide. During successive cyclization (aging), the presence of bismuth accelerates the hydration of PbO2.