bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mongolian-Russian political relations :
Authors: Adiya Nyamdoljin 
Published: June 2020

The author has been studied modern Mongolian-Russian political relations since the beginning of the 1990s when the world political situation changed dramatically and the Soviet Union collapsed. Mongolian-Russian relations during the transition to democracy and market economy were analyzed on the basis of agreements between two countries. The weakening of Mongolian-Russian relations in the 1990s is a step-by-step analysis of the political and economic situation in the two countries, the processes and changes in foreign policy, and the factors that hindered the proper development of relations. The author traces the revival of Mongolian-Russian relations in 2000 and the relationship between the two countries, which has reached the level of a comprehensive strategic partnership, does not reflect the level of Russia's policy towards Mongolia.
Монгол-Оросын улс төрийн харилцаа: Монголын эдийн засаг ба төмөр замын хөгжилд нөлөөлөх нь
Хураангуй: Монгол-Оросын орчин цагийн улс төрийн харилцааг дэлхийн улс төрийн байдалд гарсан огцом өөрчлөлт болон ЗХУ задарсан XX зууны 90-ээд оны эхэн үеэс эхлэн судалж, ардчилал, зах зээлийн эдийн засагт шилжих шилжилтийн үед Монгол-Оросын харилцааг хоёр орны хооронд байгуулагдсан гэрээ, хэлэлцээрийг үндэслэн судлан шинжиллээ. 90-ээд онуудад Монгол-Оросын харилцаа сулран саарсан асуудлыг хоёр орны улс төр, эдийн засгийн байдал, гадаад бодлогод холбогдох үйл явц, өөрчлөлтийг үе шаттайгаар задлан үзэж, харилцааг зохих түвшинд хөгжүүлэхэд саад болсон хүчин зүйлүүдийг илрүүлэн судалсан болно. Монгол-Оросын харилцаа сэргэсэн үеийг 2000 оноор зааглан авч үзэж, эдүгээ иж бүрэн стратегийн түншлэлийн түвшинд хүрээд байгаа хоёр орны харилцаа, тус түвшинг илэрхийлэх хэмжээнд хүрэхгүй байгааг ОХУ-ын Монголын талаарх баримталж ирсэн бодлого хэр оновчтой байсан ба алдаа нь юунд байсныг судлахыг зорив.
Түлхүүр үгс: Монгол, Оросын харилцаа, улс төр, эдийн засгийн харилцаа, ашиг сонирхол
Research on strengthening people-to-people ties between Mongolia and Inner Mongolia through tourism
Authors: Yanli Mao 
Published: June 2020

It’s widely known that there exist diversities and common ground in cultural identification between China and Mongolia. In recent years, Inner Mongolia serves as a bridge for promoting cultural exchanges between two sides. Hence, a series of diversified relevant activities have been implemented in education, medicine, tourism, arts etc., of which tourism is a key area. Accordingly, this paper researches on the current situation of bilateral travel between two sides through questionnaire survey, case analysis and correlative references, discovering existing problems and offering countermeasures and suggestions. The research aims to build a tourism cooperation environment between two sides in an approachable and reasonable way to meet the demands of tourists from two countries. Meanwhile, promoting exchanges, co-construction, communication and mutual trust in order to further strengthen people-to-people ties between two sides. Thus, solid public support for development and cooperation between China and Mongolia will be achieved.
Аялал жуулчлалаар дамжуулан Монгол Улс болон Өвөр Монголын иргэдийн ойлголцлыг гүнзгийрүүлэх тухайд
Хураангуй: Монгол, Хятадын соёл нь танин мэдэхүйн хүрээнд ялгаатай ба нийтлэг шинжтэйг бид бүхэн мэднэ. Өвөр Монголын Өөртөө Засах Орон /ӨМӨЗО/ нь Хятад, Монголын соёлын солилцоонд гүүр болох үүднээс сүүлийн жилүүдэд Монгол Улстай боловсрол, эмчилгээ, аялал жуулчлал, урлаг уран сайхан зэрэг соёлын солилцооны олон чиглэлээр хамтран ажиллаж байгаа бөгөөд үүнээс аялал жуулчлалын хамтын ажиллагаа гол чиглэл болно. Иймээс энэ өгүүлэлдээ санал асуулга, кейс судалгаа, холбогдох ном зохиолыг уншиж судлах аргыг хэрэглэн Монгол Улс болон Өвөр Монголын ард иргэдийн харилцан зорчин аялж байгаа өнөөгийн нөхцөл байдлаас тодорхой ойлголт авч, оршин буй асуудлуудыг судалж, цаашид хэрэгжүүлэх холбогдох арга хэмжээг санал болгож байна. Монгол Улс болон Өвөр Монголын хооронд аялал жуулчлалын хамтын ажиллагааны орчныг эвтэй найртай, зохистой аргаар бий болгосноор жирийн иргэдийн харилцан зорчих эрэлт хэрэгцээг бодитоор хангаж, аялал жуулчлалын хамтын ажиллагаагаар хоёр талын иргэд хоорондын харилцааг ахиулах, харилцан итгэлцлийг дэмжиж, эцэст нь хоёр орны жирийн ард иргэдийн ойлголцлыг буй болгохыг зорьсон болно. Чингэснээр Монгол, Хятад хоёр орны хамтын ажиллагааг хөгжүүлэх нийгэм олон нийтийн хүсэл сонирхлын бат бөх суурийг тавьж өгөх юм.
Түлхүүр үгс: Монгол Улс, Өвөр Монгол иргэд хоорондын харилцан аялах хүсэл сонирхол
Science diplomacy within the Russian-Chinese-Mongolian cooperation at the present time
Authors: Vladimirovna Boykova Elena , D Tuul 
Published: June 2020

Science diplomacy is an increasingly important component of the trilateral partnership complex among China, Mongolia and Russia at the present time. Being a form of public diplomacy, it serves as a means of promoting and protecting national interests of the states that are the parties of the “China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor” project. Diplomacy of scholars of the three countries is a promising format for international contacts with potential impact on international relations, particularly in Northeast Asia. Science diplomacy allows to expand the circle of non-state actors that are representatives of Russia, China and Mongolia, thereby increasing the number of participants of international relations. Scholars of the three countries have accumulated considerable experience of bilateral cooperation in various fields, which suggests that there are favorable prospects for expansion of tripartite contacts among them. Interaction of scholars of the three countries is a form of public diplomacy, in the frames of which the participants of the process combine functions of academic and public figures.
Орчин үеийн Орос-Хятад-Монгол гурван улсын хамтын ажиллагааны хүрээн дэх шинжлэх ухааны салбарын дипломат харилцаа
Хураангуй: Шинжлэх ухааны салбарын дипломат харилцаа нь орчин үеийн Хятад, Монгол, Орос гурван талын түншлэлийн нэг цогц чухал бүрэлдэхүүн хэсэг юм. Гурван улсын эрдэмтдийн дипломат харилцаа нь улсуудын хоорондоо холбоо тогтоох ирээдүйтэй хэлбэр бөгөөд олон улсын харилцаанд, түүнчлэн, Зүүн хойд Азид эрдэмтдийн хамтын ажиллагааны үзүүлэх үйлчлэл, нөлөө багагүй нөөц бололцоотой билээ. Шинжлэх ухааны салбарын дипломат харилцаа нь Орос, Хятад, Монгол гурван улсын төлөөлөгч - төрийн бус оролцогчдын хүрээг тэлж өгч, улмаар олон улсын харилцаанд оролцогчдын тоог нэмэгдүүлдэг. Гурван улсын эрдэмтэд төрөл бүрийн салбарт хоёр талын хамтын ажиллагааг хөгжүүлж, ихээхэн туршлага хуримтлуулсан нь цаашид өөр хоорондоо гурван талын холбоо харилцааг өргөтгөхөд таатай нөхцөл бүрдэх тухай яриа өрнүүлэх боломжийг бүрдүүлж байна. Гурван улсын эрдэмтдийн хамтын ажиллагаа нь олон нийтийн дипломат харилцааны нэг хэлбэр бөгөөд энэ харилцааны хүрээнд явагддаг үйл ажиллагаанд оролцогчид шинжлэх ухааны болон олон нийтийн салбарт хийгдэх ажлуудыг өөрсдийн хүрээнд хамруулаад явдаг.
Түлхүүр үгc: шинжлэх ухааны салбарын дипломат харилцаа, Хятад-Монгол-Орос гурван улсын эдийн засгийн коридор, гурван талын харилцан хамтын ажиллагаа, олон нийтийн дипломат харилцаа, Зүүн Хойд Азийн олон улсын харилцаа
Higher Sustainability of Mental Models Acquired from a Digital Game in Comparison with a Live Action Role-playing Game and a Traditional Lecture
Authors: Slussareff Michaela , Šisler Vít 
Published: June 2020

This article analyses the effectivity of teaching EU law using various educational media. It specifically explores the differences between, and sustainability of, mental models constructed within three various educational environments: (1) a digital game played on PCs, (2) a non-digital role-playing game, and (3) a traditional lecture with discussions. We conducted a laboratory experiment, in which participants (253 high school students, M = 112, F = 141, mean age 16.5) studied EU laws, institutions, and politics in the three above-mentioned environments. We evaluated and compared mental models participants constructed through content analysis of the concept maps they drew immediately after the experiment and others made one month later. Within the analysis, we studied content, architecture, and changes in mental models over time. The resulting data offer unique insight into the process of mental models creation and sustainability thereof within game-based learning; particularly, when using a digital game. Digital game-based learners’ concept maps differed in comparison with those of the educational role-playing and traditional lecture groups; the students tended to keep less altered mental models in their long-term memory: even after the one month period. The results suggest that a digital game-based learning environment could be more successful in mental model retention and for efficacy of future recall; particularly, when dealing with complex phenomena like EU law.
Music and Body as Ritual-Performance
Authors: Lussana Marcello 
Published: June 2020

In this paper I want to connect different kinds of knowledge: some ideas of the philosopher Gilles Deleuze, phenomenology, interactive technology, performance, music and ritual. The central idea is the concept of difference as a generative tool of thinking, doing, performing and understanding technology. This is realized through a constant exchange, a movement between these different activities: this communication is the practice of generating difference. Connector of this idea of movement is the concept of body, considered in his variety of meanings: a physical body, flesh, an object or a concept – important is to be open to interaction. The resulting exchange can be deeply understood just with practice: for this reason this written work has to be accompanied and intertwined by a practical work and a first-person approach research. The process of learning something becomes then one opportunity to show the importance of practice and the role of the body as a decoder of technology: the moments of instability while we learn a new technology are actually the opportunity to feel the technology.
Quality Assessment of Weaning Food from Blends of Sorghum, Mung Beans and Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato Blends
Authors: Olaleye H. T. , Oresanya T. O. , Temituro E. O. 
Published: June 2020

Prevalence of Malnutrition continues to be a plague ravaging children all over the world especially in developing countries such as Nigeria. Development of inexpensive, nutritious and readily available foods can mitigate against the challenges of malnutrition.
Objective: To investigate the effect of different formulations of sorghum, mung beans and orange fleshed sweet potato flour blends on the proximate, functional, pasting properties and the sensory attributes of the weaning food blends.
Methodology: Weaning foods were formulated from Sorghum grains (S), Mung beans (M) and (O) Orange fleshed sweet potato in ratios 40:45:15, 40:30:30, 25:35:45, 25:45:30 and 55:30:15 respectively. The blends of the weaning food were analyzed for the proximate, functional, pasting properties and sensory evaluation using standard methods. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and means were separated using Duncan’s multiple range test p<0.05.
Results: The proximate analysis of the blends had moisture content (8.15-9.58%), crude fat (1.47-2.76%), crude protein (14.00-18.04%), crude fibre (0.34-0.82%), total ash (1.86-2.52%) and carbohydrate (68.02-73.62%). Functional analysis: Bulk density 0.55-0.65 (g/cm3), swelling power (4.64-7.13%), solubility index (4.00-16.50%), water absorption capacity 1.58 (g/gcm3). Pasting: Peak viscosity: (87-214), Break-down viscosity (64-142), Trough viscosity (16-72), Final viscosity (50-175), Set back (28-103), Peak time (4.4.6 min), Pasting temperature (70.83°C). Blend S:M:O- 40:30:30 was rated most acceptable for all the parameters accessed.
Conclusion: The blends of the weaning food showed that it can be a good source of carbohydrate, crude protein, minerals with low bulkiness and good reconstitution properties which can be used to solve malnutrition challenges in Nigeria.
An experimental analysis method for the incident sound field using propagation mode expansion: Study on the incident sound field in the insulation performance measurement for partition walls. part 1
Authors: Aida Yu , Inoue Naohisa , Sakuma Tetsuya 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn the measurement of the level difference between dwelling rooms, the low‐frequency modal density of the source room is not high enough for the incident sound field to be assumed as a random incidence, and the sound field is expected to be strongly influenced by the standing waves of the room modes. In this paper, an experimental method is proposed to analyze the characteristics of the incident sound fields in dwelling rooms, where the propagation mode expansion is applied to the complex sound pressure observed on the two layers of planar microphone array. The proposed method is applied to numerical models to simulate the incident sound fields to obtain information on its accuracy and application limitations, and the applicability of the method to ordinary rooms is discussed. In addition, the effect of room absorption on incident characteristics is demonstrated using the proposed method.
Visualizing Energy Transfer at Buried Interfaces in Layered Materials Using Picosecond X‐Rays
Authors: Nyby Clara , Sood Aditya , Zalden Peter , Gabourie Alexander J. , Muscher Philipp , Rhodes Daniel , Mannebach Ehren , Corbett Jeff , Mehta Apurva , Pop Eric , Heinz Tony F. , Lindenberg Aaron M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the fundamentals of nanoscale heat propagation is crucial for next‐generation electronics. For instance, weak van der Waals bonds of layered materials are known to limit their thermal boundary conductance (TBC), presenting a heat dissipation bottleneck. Here, a new nondestructive method is presented to probe heat transport in nanoscale crystalline materials using time‐resolved X‐ray measurements of photoinduced thermal strain. This technique directly monitors time‐dependent temperature changes in the crystal and the subsequent relaxation across buried interfaces by measuring changes in the c‐axis lattice spacing after optical excitation. Films of five different layered transition metal dichalcogenides MoX2 [X = S, Se, and Te] and WX2 [X = S and Se] as well as graphite and a W‐doped alloy of MoTe2 are investigated. TBC values in the range 10–30 MW m−2 K−1 are found, on c‐plane sapphire substrates at room temperature. In conjunction with molecular dynamics simulations, it is shown that the high thermal resistances are a consequence of weak interfacial van der Waals bonding and low phonon irradiance. This work paves the way for an improved understanding of thermal bottlenecks in emerging 3D heterogeneously integrated technologies.
Visible‐Light‐Activated Photocatalytic Films toward Self‐Cleaning Membranes
Authors: Zhang Huiru , Mane Anil U. , Yang Xiaobin , Xia Zijing , Barry Edward F. , Luo Jianquan , Wan Yinhua , Elam Jeffrey W. , Darling Seth B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMembranes are among the most promising means of delivering increased supplies of fit‐for‐purpose water, but membrane fouling remains a critical issue restricting their widespread application. Coupling photocatalysis with membrane separation has been proposed as a potentially effective approach to reduce membrane fouling. However, commonly used materials in photocatalysis limit use of low‐cost sources such as sunlight due to their large bandgaps. There are few examples of in situ photocatalytic self‐cleaning of membranes, with removal from the filtration system and ex situ illumination being more common. In this work, a visible‐light‐activated photocatalytic film prepared by nitrogen doping into the lattice of TiO2 is deposited on commercial ceramic membranes via atomic layer deposition. The synergy between membrane separation and redox reactions between organic pollutants and reactive oxygen species produced by the visible‐light‐activated layer offers a possibility for stable and sustainable membrane operation under in situ solar irradiation.
Designer Descemet Membranes Containing PDLLA and Functionalized Gelatins as Corneal Endothelial Scaffold
Authors: Van Hoorick Jasper , Delaey Jasper , Vercammen Hendrik , Van Erps Jürgen , Thienpont Hugo , Dubruel Peter , Zakaria Nadia , Koppen Carina , Van Vlierberghe Sandra , Van den Bogerd Bert 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCorneal blindness is the fourth leading cause of visual impairment. Of specific interest is blindness due to a dysfunctional corneal endothelium which can only be treated by transplanting healthy tissue from a deceased donor. Unfortunately, corneal supply does not meet the demand with only one donor for every 70 patients. Therefore, there is a huge interest in tissue engineering of grafts consisting of an ultra‐thin scaffold seeded with cultured endothelial cells. The present research describes the fabrication of such artificial Descemet membranes based on the combination of a biodegradable amorphous polyester (poly (d,l‐lactic acid)) and crosslinkable gelatins. Four different crosslinkable gelatin derivatives are compared in terms of processing, membrane quality, and function, as well as biological performance in the presence of corneal endothelial cells. The membranes are fabricated through multi‐step spincoating, including a sacrificial layer to allow for straightforward membrane detachment after production. As a consequence, ultrathin (<1 µm), highly transparent (>90%), semi‐permeable membranes could be obtained with high biological potential. The membranes supported the characteristic morphology and correct phenotype of corneal endothelial cells while exhibiting similar proliferation rates as the positive control. As a consequence, the proposed membranes prove to be a promising synthetic alternative to donor tissue.
Advances in Antimicrobial Microneedle Patches for Combating Infections
Authors: Jamaledin Rezvan , Yiu Cynthia K.Y. , Zare Ehsan N. , Niu Li‐Na , Vecchione Raffaele , Chen Guojun , Gu Zhen , Tay Franklin R. , Makvandi Pooyan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractSkin infections caused by bacteria, viruses and fungi are difficult to treat by conventional topical administration because of poor drug penetration across the stratum corneum. This results in low bioavailability of drugs to the infection site, as well as the lack of prolonged release. Emerging antimicrobial transdermal and ocular microneedle patches have become promising medical devices for the delivery of various antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral therapeutics. In the present review, skin anatomy and its barriers along with skin infection are discussed. Potential strategies for designing antimicrobial microneedles and their targeted therapy are outlined. Finally, biosensing microneedle patches associated with personalized drug therapy and selective toxicity toward specific microbial species are discussed.
Hybrid Tandem White OLED with Long Lifetime and 150 Lm W−1 in Luminous Efficacy Based on TADF Blue Emitter Stabilized with Phosphorescent Red Emitter
Authors: Huang Chenchao , Zhang Yijie , Zhou Jungui , Sun Shuangqiao , Luo Wei , He Wei , Wang Jiangnan , Shi Xiaobo , Fung Man‐Keung 
Published: June 2020

AbstractModern lighting requires high efficiency and long lifetime simultaneously. In this paper, highly efficient white organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are demonstrated based on a modified hybrid tandem structure constructed with a phosphorescent yellow‐red unit using an exciplex host and a blue‐red unit based on a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) blue emitter, and the devices are properly built with internal and external light extraction structures. The resulting four‐color WOLED exhibits an external quantum efficiency and luminous efficacy of 126.2% and 150.7 Lm W−1, respectively, and the color rendering index is close to 80 at a brightness of 1000 cd m−2. This device also shows a very good color stability with increasing luminance up to 15 000 cd m−2 and there is only a small angular color variation for viewing angles changing from 0° to 70°. The T50 lifetime (defined as the time corresponding to 50% decrease in luminance from an initial value) of the WOLED at an initial luminance of 1000 cd m−2 is extrapolated as 12 600 h.
Multi‐Space Excitation as an Alternative to the Landauer Picture for Nonequilibrium Quantum Transport
Authors: Lee Juho , Kim Han Seul , Kim Yong‐Hoon 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWhile the Landauer viewpoint constitutes a modern basis to understand nanoscale electronic transport and to realize first‐principles implementations of the nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism, seeking an alternative picture can be beneficial for the fundamental understanding and practical calculations of quantum transport processes. Herein, introducing a micro‐canonical picture that maps the finite‐bias quantum transport process to a drain‐to‐source or multi‐electrode optical excitation, the multi‐space constrained‐search density functional theory (MS‐DFT) formalism for first‐principles electronic structure and quantum transport calculations is developed. Performing MS‐DFT calculations for the benzenedithiolate single‐molecule junction, it is shown that MS‐DFT and standard DFT‐NEGF calculations produce practically equivalent electronic and transmission data. Importantly, the variational convergence of “nonequilibrium total energy” within MS‐DFT is demonstrated, which should have significant implications for in operando studies of nanoscale devices. Establishing a viable alternative to the Landauer viewpoint, the developed formalism should provide valuable atomistic information in the development of next‐generation nanodevices.
Host Materials Anchoring Polysulfides in Li–S Batteries Reviewed
Authors: Zhou Lei , Danilov Dmitri L. , Eichel Rüdiger‐A. , Notten Peter H. L. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries (Li–S) have become a viable alternative to future energy storage devices. The electrochemical reaction based on lithium and sulfur promises an extraordinary theoretical energy density, which is far higher than current commercialized Li‐ion batteries. However, the principal disadvantage impeding the success of Li–S batteries lies in the severe leakage and migration of soluble lithium polysulfide intermediates out of cathodes upon cycling. The loss of active sulfur species incurs significant capacity decay and poor battery lifespans. Considerable efforts have been devoted to developing various sulfur host materials that can effectively anchor lithium polysulfides. Herein, a comprehensive review is presented of recent advances in sulfur host materials. On the basis of the electrochemistry of Li–S batteries, the strategies for anchoring polysulfides are systematically categorized into physical confinement and chemical bonding. The structural merits of various sulfur host materials are highlighted, and the interaction mechanisms with sulfur species are discussed in detail, which provides valuable insights into the rational design and engineering of advanced sulfur host materials facilitating the commercialization of Li–S batteries. Future challenges and promising research prospects for sulfur host materials are proposed at the end of the review.