bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Recent Overnight Travel And Use Of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets In Rural Uganda: A Prospective Cohort Study In Tororo
Authors: Arinaitwe Emmanuel , Nankabirwa Joaniter I. , Krezanoski Paul , Rek John , Kamya Victor , Epstein Adrienne , Rosenthal Philip J. , Drakeley Chris , Kamya Moses R. , Dorsey Grant , Staedke Sarah G. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The burden of malaria in Uganda remains high, but has become increasingly heterogenous following intensified malaria control. Travel within Uganda is recognised as a risk factor for malaria, but behaviours associated with travel are not well-understood. To address this knowledge gap, malaria-relevant behaviours of cohort participants were assessed during travel and at home in Uganda.Methods: Residents from 80 randomly selected households in Nagongera sub-county, Tororo district were enrolled into a cohort to study malaria in rural Uganda. All participants were given long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) at enrolment and were evaluated every 4 weeks at the study clinic. Participants were asked if they had travelled overnight from their home, and if so, a questionnaire was administered to capture information on travel details and behaviours. Behaviour while at home was assessed using a similar questionnaire during two-weekly home visits. Behaviours while travelling vs at home were compared using generalized estimating equations adjusting for repeated measures in the same individual. Results: Between October 2017 and October 2019, 527 participants were enrolled and assessed for travel. Of these, 123 (23.2%) reported taking 211 overnight trips; 149 (70.6%) trips were within Tororo. Participants were less likely to use LLINs when travelling than when at home (41.0% vs. 56.2%, relative risk [RR] 0.73, 95% CI: 0.60-0.89, p=0.002); this difference was noted for women (38.8% vs 59.2%, RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.52-0.83, p=0.001) but not men (48.3% vs 46.6%, RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.67-1.40, p=0.85). In an adjusted analysis, factors associated with LLIN use when travelling included destination (travelling to districts not receiving indoor residual spraying [IRS] 65.8% vs Tororo district 32.2%, RR 1.80, 95% CI 1.31-2.46, p<0.001) and duration of travel (>7 nights 60.3% vs one night 24.4%, RR 1.97, 95% CI 1.07-3.64, p=0.03).Conclusions: Travellers, particularly women, were less likely to use LLINs when travelling than when at home. LLIN adherence was higher among those who travelled to non-IRS districts and for more than one week, suggesting that perceived malaria risk influences LLIN use. Strategies are needed to raise awareness of the importance of using LLINs while travelling.
Assessing the Potential of Newly Isolated Pichia Fermentans for Xylitol Production Using Non-Detoxified Xylose Rich Pre-Hydrolysate Derived from Sugarcane Bagasse
Authors: Prabhu Ashish A , Bosakornranut Ekkarin , Amraoui Yassin , Agarwal Deepti , Coulon Frederic , Vivekanand Vivekanand , Thakur Vijay Kumar , Kumar Vinod 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Integrated management of hemicellulosic fraction and its economical transformation to value-added products is the key driver towards sustainable second-generation biorefineries. In this aspect microbial cell factories are harnessed for sustainable production of biochemicals by valorising C5 and C6 sugars generated from agro-industrial waste. However, most of the strains can effectively consume C6 sugars but lacks pentose metabolism pathway. The effective utilization of both pentose and hexose sugars is key for economical biorefinery. Results: In the current study, the ability of a newly isolated xylose assimilating Pichia fermentans was explored for xylitol production. The wild type strain robustly grew on xylose and produced xylitol with >40% conversion yield. Mutagenesis with ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) yielded seven mutants. The mutant obtained after 15 min exposure, exhibited best xylose bioconversion efficiency. This mutant under shake flask conditions produced maximum xylitol titre and yield of 34.0 g/L and 0.68 g/g, respectively. oweverHoHHHoHowever, under same conditions, the control wild type strain accumulated 27.0 g/L xylitol with a conversion yield of 0.45 g/g. Improved performance of the mutant was attributed to 34.6% activity enhancement in xylose reductase with simultaneous reduction of xylitol dehydrogenase activity by 22.9%. Later, the culture medium was optimized using statistical design and validated at shake flask and bioreactor level. Bioreactor studies affirmed the competence of mutant in xylitol accumulation. The xylitol titre and yield obtained with pure xylose were 98.9 g/L and 0.67 g/g, respectively while xylitol produced using non-detoxified xylose rich pre-hydrolysate from sugarcane bagasse was 79.0 g/L with an overall yield of 0.54 g/g. Conclusion: This study established the potential of P. fermentans in successfully valorising the hemicellulosic fraction for sustainable xylitol production.
Prognostic Implications of Infiltrating T Cells Within Tumors for Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yang Peng , Xiong Pan , Guo Yuanning , Huang Haihua , Chen Shaobin , Gong Qingyun , Ye Hao , Tian Dongping , Su Min 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Infiltrating T lymphocytes within tumors have been recognized to be associated with patient survival in various cancer types. For esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the prognostic implications of infiltrating CD3+ and CD8+ T cells have yet to be validated in more extensive patient groups.Methods: We evaluated the numbers of infiltrating CD3+ and CD8+ T cells within tumors from 461 patients with ESCC using immunohistochemistry and analyzed its impacts on overall survival.Results: The median number of infiltrating CD3+ and CD8+ T cell per field was 16.0 (P25-P75: 9.2-28.6) and 8.0 (3.8-20.2), respectively, with obvious correlation between them (rs = 0.65, p < 0.0001). Age and tumor grade were associated with the numbers of infiltrating T cells (all p < 0.05). A high number of infiltrating CD3+ T cells was associated with prolonged overall survival (unadjusted HR for high vs low: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.55-0.98), whereas CD8+ T cell number was not (0.90, 0.68-1.20). Multivariate Cox analysis identified that T stage, lymph node metastasis, and infiltrating CD3+ T cell number were independent prognostic factors (all p < 0.05).Conclusions: Our results indicate that CD3+ T cell infiltration within tumors is an independent prognostic factor for ESCC patients, whereas CD8+ T cell infiltration has no prognostic implications.
NUTRITION IN THE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF SEEDLINGS OF THE BRAZIL NUT (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) IN NORTHERN BRAZIL
Authors: Souza Aline das Graças , Smiderle Oscar josé 
Published: July 2020

The Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) is fast-growing, and can be used in reforestation. However, the use of the species in reforestation is still uncommon, mainly due to production costs, with substrate and fertiliser being the most-costly components. Based on the above, the aim of this study was to evaluate growth and quality in seedlings of the Brazil nut both with and without nutrient solution. The experimental design was completely randomised in a 2 x 10 factorial scheme: treatments with and without the addition of nutrient solution and 10 evaluations at intervals of 45 days. The variables to be analysed were height, stem diameter, dry shoot weight, root dry weight, total dry weight and the Dickson quality index. When analysing shoot dry weight (SDW), a gain of 85% was found from adding the nutrient solution, compared to the absence of nutrient solution, whereas for the variable, root-system dry weight, (RDW) the gain was 43%. The addition of nutrient solution is suggested for accelerating the growth and development of high-quality seedlings of Bertholletia excelsa for commercial use.
EFEITO DA SALINIDADE NA GERMINAÇÃO DE PEPINO
Authors: Rocha Gustavo Teodoro , Rocha Guilherme Teodoro , Rocha Gabriela Teodoro 
Published: July 2020

Os estudos relacionados com a germinação de sementes submetidas a estresses artificiais têm importância essencial para a ecofisiologia e constituem-se em mecanismos que possibilitam a avaliação dos limites de tolerância e adaptação destas espécies às condições de estresses naturais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial germinativo de diferentes cultivares de sementes de pepino submetidos ao estresse salino provocado pelo cloreto de potássio (KCl). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições contendo cinquenta sementes por repetição, submetidas a germinação, em condições de estresse salino sob cinco níveis (0; -0,2; -0,4; -0,6; -0,8) de potencial osmótico, simulados com soluções de cloreto de potássio (KCL). As variáveis foram porcentagem de germinação (GERM), índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG) e o tempo médio de germinação (TMG). Se tratando de tolerância ao estresse salino, as cultivares aodai da Topseed® e safira da Sakata® se sobressaíram sobre a cultivar colonião branco. No tratamento controle, (0,0 Mpa) ocorreu o maior percentual de germinação. Conclui-se que a diminuição progressiva do potencial osmótico de KCl é prejudicial as três cultivares de pepino.
EFEITO DO USO DA ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA DE SUINOCULTURA EM UM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO-AMARELO DISTRÓFICO SOB CULTIVO DE PASTAGEM
Authors: Souza William Luiz de , Cidrini Iorrano Andrade , Abreu Mateus José Inácio de , Almeida Neto Onofre Barroca de 
Published: July 2020

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do descarte de água residuária de suinocultura (ARS) sobre os parâmetros químicos de um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrófico sob cultivo de pastagens e determinar uma dose máxima para utilização. A área experimental era ocupada pela forrageira Pennisetum purpureum cv. BRS Kurumi. O experimento teve início em 19 de setembro de 2013, com duração de 93 dias (quatro ciclos de produção da forrageira). Foram realizadas quatro aplicações de 0, 15, 30, 45, 60 litros de ARS nas parcelas, dosagens que correspondiam a 0, 100, 200, 300 e 400 m³.ha-1 de ARS, respectivamente. Foi utilizado o delineamento em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Ao final do período experimental, amostras de solo foram coletadas nas profundidades de 0 a 20 e 20 a 40 cm para determinação dos parâmetros químicos. Em ambas as camadas avaliadas, a aplicação da ARS implicou no aumento linear (p<0,10) nos parâmetros Na+, ISNa e PST. O fósforo disponível no solo, na camada de 0 a 20 cm, apresentou um comportamento quadrático com ponto de máxima em 271 m³.ha-1 de ARS, podendo ser atribuída como dose máxima a ser aplicada. Acima disso, o maior acúmulo de sódio reduz a porosidade superficial, provocando elevação das perdas horizontais de fósforo e, ainda, causar danos ambientais. A aplicação de ARS aumenta a sodicidade do solo e as perdas horizontais de fósforo, recomendando-se utilizar doses de até 271 m³.ha-1.
Protein-protein Interaction and Molecular Dynamics of Iturin A Gene on Effector Proteins of Phytophthora infestans
Authors: Kumbar Bhimanagoud , Kandagalla Shivananda , Bharath Basavapattana Rudresh , Sharath Belenahalli Shekarappa , Mahmood Riaz 
Published: July 2020

Aim And Objectives:
Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, the fungal pathogen
causes late blight, which results in devastating economic loss among the Solanaceae. The bacillus
lipopeptides show the antagonistic activity against the many plant pathogens, among bacillus
lipopeptides reported as the antifungal gene. Hence, to understand the in silico antifungal activity,
we have selected gene iturin A (AXN89987) produced by Bacillus spp to check the molecular
dynamics study with the effector proteins of the P. infestanse. In this concern, known effector
proteins of P. infestans were subjected to the protein-protein interaction followed by simulation.

Material and Method:
turin A gene was amplified using the soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis
with gene-specific primers, cloned into pTZ 57R/T vector and confirmed by sequencing. To get
better insights, the protein model was developed for Iturin A using Modeller 9.17, using PDB
structure of ID 4MRT (Phosphopantetheine transferase Sfp) and 1QR0 (4'-phosphopantetheinyl
moiety of coenzyme A) as a template, it shared the identity 72% and expected P-value: 3e-121,
respectively. The model quality was assessed using ProSA and PROCHECK programs.

Results:
The potency of modelled protein against effector proteins of P. infestans were evaluated
in silico using the HADDOCK server and the results showed the high affinity of towards the
effector protein Host ATG8 (PDB-5L83). Finally, the simulation was performed to the docked
conformation of with Host ATG8 to further understand the stability of the complex using the
Desmond program.

Conclusion:
Altogether, the protein-protein interaction and simulation study propose a new
methodology and to uncover possible antifungal activity of iturin A against effector proteins of P.
infestans.
The Role of Astrogliosis in Formation of the Syrinx in Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Kwiecien Jacek M. , Dąbrowski Wojciech , Yaron Jordan R , Zhang Liqiang , Delaney Kathleen H. , Lucas Alexandra R. 
Published: July 2020

:
A massive localized trauma to the spinal cord results in complex pathologic events driven
by necrosis and vascular damage which in turn leads to hemorrhage and edema. Severe, destructive
and very protracted inflammatory response is characterized by infiltration by phagocytic
macrophages of a site of injury which is converted into a cavity of injury (COI) surrounded by astroglial
reaction mounted by the spinal cord. The tissue response to the spinal cord injury (SCI) has
been poorly understood but the final outcome appears to be a mature syrinx filled with the cerebrospinal
fluid with related neural tissue loss and permanent neurologic deficits. This paper reviews
known pathologic mechanisms involved in the formation of the COI after SCI and discusses
the integrative role of reactive astrogliosis in mechanisms involved in the removal of edema after
the injury. A large proportion of edema fluid originating from the trauma and then from vasogenic
edema related to persistent severe inflammation, may be moved into the COI in an active process
involving astrogliosis and specifically over-expressed aquaporins.
Anxiety and Depression Among Women Living with HIV: Prevalence and Correlations
Authors: Yousuf Abdilahi , Musa Ramli , Isa Muhammad Lokman Md. , Arifin Siti Roshaidai Mohd 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
It has been found that HIV positive women are becoming increasingly affected by various illnesses, including Common Mental Disorders (CMDs) such as depression. Such comorbidity escalates the disease progression to the severe stage and commonly hinders treatment adherence. This study determined the prevalence of anxiety and depression amidst women living with HIV.

Methods:
Based on a cross-sectional and facility-based study, 357 HIV positive women were recruited using the systematic sampling technique from two public hospitals in Jijiga town, Ethiopia. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was administered for screening, and followed by a pre-tested questionnaire that comprised of Perceived Social Support and HIV stigma.

Results:
The results revealed that the prevalence of both anxiety and depression amidst HIV positive women was 28.9% and 32.5%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, it was discovered that lack of formal education, being divorced, unemployed, and earning a monthly income less than 1400 ETB (37.5 USD) were significantly associated with depression. Women with symptomatic HIV clinical stage III (AOR =2.06, 95% C.I (0.75-5.61), with CD4 cell count below 250 (AOR = 1.14, 95% C.I (0.57-2.28), and with co-infections (AOR= 1.04, 95% C.I (0.40-2.71) also suffered from depression.

Conclusion:
The study outcomes show that the prevalence of depression in women with HIV was 32.5%, but they were more likely to be depressed if they were illiterate, divorced, unemployed or had a financial burden. In addition, HIV positive women with less CD4 cell count and in the final clinical stage or suffered from a co-infection were also associated with depressive symptoms. This signifies the public health implications of psychological and cognitive morbidities of the illness among these women with chronic illnesses. Hence, future mental health interventions and HIV care should be integrated with substantial emphasis given to vulnerable groups, including HIV positive women.
Study and Analysis of User Desired Image Retrieval
Authors: P John Bosco , Janakiraman S 
Published: July 2020

Background:
In the present digital world, Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) has gained significant
importance. In this context, the image processing technology has become the most sought one, as a result its demand has
increased to a large extend. The complex growth concerning computer technology offers a platform to apply the image
processing application. Well-known image retrieval techniques suitable for application zone are 1.Text Based Image
Retrieval (TBIR) 2. Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) and 3.Semantic Based Image Retrieval (SBIR) etc. In recent
past, many researchers have conducted extensive research in the field of content-based image retrieval (CBIR). However,
many related research studies on image retrieval and characterization have exemplified to be an immense issue and it should
be progressively developed in its techniques. Hence, by putting altogether the research conducted in the recent years, this
survey study makes a comprehensive attempt to review the state-of –the art in the field.

Aims:
This paper aims to retrieve similar images according to visual properties, which defined as Shape, color, Texture and
edge detection.

Objective:
To investigate the CBIR to achieve the task because of the essential and fundamentals problems. The present and
future trends are addressed to show come contributions and directions and it can inspire more research in the CBIR methods.

Result:
we present a deep analysis of the state of the art on CBIR methods; we explain the methods based on Color, Texture,
and shape, and edge detection with performance evaluation metrics. In addition, we have discussed some significant future
research directions reviewed.

Methods:
This paper has quickly anticipated the noteworthiness of CBIR and its related improvement, which incorporates
Edge Detection Techniques, Various sorts of Distance Metric (DM), Performance measurements and various kinds of
Datasets. This paper shows the conceivable outcomes to overcome the difficulties concerning re-positioning strategies with
an exceptional spotlight on the improvement of accuracy and execution.

Discussion:
At last, we have proposed another technique for consolidating different highlights in a CBIR framework that can give
preferred outcomes over the current strategies.
Implementing project-based learning to enhance creative thinking skills on water pollution topic
Authors: Yamin Y. , Permanasari Anna , Redjeki Sri , Sopandi Wahyu 
Published: July 2020

The implementation of Project-based learning (PjBL) has been recognized as a recommended alternative learning to habituate students to solve their daily problems. This study aimed to describe students’ creative thinking skills (CTS) in water pollution topic using PjBL. The descriptive method was used in this study. The sample in this study were junior high school students in the Bandung City, Indonesia. The instruments used in this study were CTS test, peer assessment, and product creativity assessment rubric. The data gained were analysed using descriptive statistics analysis in terms of mean and percentage. The results showed that the mean test score of students' CTS was 89% (excellent category). The achievement of peer assessment indicators was 87%, while the performance of product creativity indicators was 88%. This study concluded that the implementation of PjBL in science learning could improve the CTS of junior high school students.
Developing guided inquiry module in animal reproductive system material
Authors: Qadariah Nosi , Lestari Sri Rahayu , Rohman Fatchur 
Published: July 2020

Guided inquiry module is one of alternative to improve students’ science process skills and cognitive learning outcomes. The aim of this research was to produce guided inquiry module in animal reproductive system material as well as improving student science process skills and cognitive learning outcomes. The research used ADDIE development model which consists of the following stages: analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluation. The research instruments for collecting the data included material and media expert validation sheets, field practitioner questionnaire, module practicality questionnaire, pretest and posttest question sheets (used to measure science process skills and cognitive learning outcomes). The data analysis technique used were quantitative and qualitative descriptions as well as quade's rank analysis of covariance. The results of content and media expert validations were 94.84% and 92.43% respectively. In addition, the field practitioner response reached 95.7% and the module practicality value was 91.3%. Furthermore, the module has significantly improved students’ science process skills [F(1,78) = 42.509, p < 0.05] and cognitive learning outcome [F(1,78) = 7.480, p < 0.05]. Hence, the module is recommended to be implemented in delivering animal reproductive system.
SUICÍDIOS NA PRÉ-ADOLESCÊNCIA, ADOLESCÊNCIA E EM ADULTOS JOVENS: COMPARAÇÃO DA CAPITAL GOIÂNIA COM O MUNICÍPIO DE MINEIROS
Authors: Cardoso Tânya Marques , Miguel Camila Botelho , Vasconcelos Renata Célia Moraes Cunha , Agostinho Ferdinando , Medeiros Karlla Kristinna Almeida , Rodrigues Wellington Francisco 
Published: July 2020

O suicídio é um ato que interroga a relação de sentido com a existência, assunto geralmente evitado pela sociedade. Considerando o aumento do suicídio entre indivíduos jovens bem como as altas prevalências na região Centro-Oeste do país, neste estudo, objetivou-se relacionar os índices de suicídios da capital Goiânia a uma cidade do interior da região Centro-Oeste (Mineiros-GO), nos períodos da pré-adolescência, adolescência e em adultos jovens. Para isso, foi consultada base de dados do Ministério da Saúde, em um período de 10 anos (2006 a 2015). Fatores como sexo e causa da morte foram considerados. Os dados analisados, quantitativamente, permitiram apontar um número maior de suicídios entre os adultos jovens, em relação ao período da pré-adolescência e adolescência, o que pode ser relacionado com algumas características desses momentos contíguos da vida dos sujeitos e de seus contextos locais. Os dados também indicaram que o município de Mineiros apresentou índices maiores em comparação com a capital se relacionado ao número de mortes por enforcamento. Contudo, os dados permitem fortalecer de que as políticas públicas se fazem precisas e urgentes para atendimento desse público, não somente em grandes centros urbanos, mas também em municípios de pequeno e médio porte do interior dos estados brasileiros.
Palavras-chave: Suicídio. Adolescência. Juventude. Saúde coletiva.