bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low Tidal Volumes Are Associated With Slightly Improved Oxygenation in Patients Having Cardiac Surgery: A Cohort Analysis
Authors: Jia Yuan , Leung Steve M. , Turan Alparslan , Artis Amanda S. , Marciniak Donn , Mick Stephanie , Devarajan Jagan , Duncan Andra E. 
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND:
Mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes appears to provide benefit in patients having noncardiac surgery; however, whether it is beneficial in patients having cardiac surgery is unclear.

METHODS:
We retrospectively examined patients having elective cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass through a median sternotomy approach who received mechanical ventilation with a single lumen endotracheal tube from January 2010 to mid-August 2016. Time-weighted average tidal volume (milliliter per kilogram predicted body weight [PBW]) during the duration of surgery excluding cardiopulmonary bypass was analyzed. The association between tidal volumes and postoperative oxygenation (measured by arterial partial pressure of oxygen (Pao
2)/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio [Pao
2/Fio
2]), impaired oxygenation (Pao
2/Fio
2 <300), and clinical outcomes were examined.

RESULTS:
Of 9359 cardiac surgical patients, larger tidal volumes were associated with slightly worse postoperative oxygenation. Postoperative Pao
2/Fio
2 decreased an estimated 1.05% per 1 mL/kg PBW increase in tidal volume (97.5% confidence interval [CI], −1.74 to −0.37; P
Bon = .0005). An increase in intraoperative tidal volumes was also associated with increased odds of impaired oxygenation (odds ratio [OR; 97.5% CI]: 1.08 [1.02–1.14] per 1 mL/kg PBW increase in tidal volume; P
Bon = .0029), slightly longer intubation time (5% per 1 mL/kg increase in tidal volume (hazard ratio [98.33% CI], 0.95 [0.93–0.98] per 1 mL/kg PBW; P
Bon < .0001), and increased mortality (OR [98.33% CI], 1.34 [1.06–1.70] per 1 mL/kg PBW increase in tidal volume; P
Holm = .0144). An increase in intraoperative tidal volumes was also associated with acute postoperative respiratory failure (OR [98.33% CI], 1.16 [1.03–1.32] per 1 mL/kg PBW increase in tidal volume; P
Holm = .0146), but not other pulmonary complications.

CONCLUSIONS:
Lower time-weighted average intraoperative tidal volumes were associated with a very modest improvement in postoperative oxygenation in patients having cardiac surgery.
نسبة مساهمة بعض العوامل المؤثرة في تنفيذ درس التربية الرياضية
Authors: Mustafa Ibrahim M. 
Published: January 2020

إنَّ عملية التدريس هي عبارة عن سلسلة من العلاقات المستمرة تنشأ بين المعلم والطالب والمنهج ، وإنَّ هذه العلاقات تساعد الطالب على التطور بوصفه فردا أو مشاركا في نشاط أو فعالية معينة ويمتلك مستوى معين من المهارة في الانشطة البدنية، و درس التربية الرياضية هو واحد من القواعد الأساسية في تحقيق الأهداف التربوية والتعليمية بالمدرسة ، فالعناية بدرس التربية الرياضية يشكل الخطوة الأولى والمهمة التي بواسطتها تجنى الفوائد الموجودة في المنهاج المقرر، و يعد درس التربية الرياضية في المرحلة المتوسطة من أهم المراحل الأساسية في النظام التربوي، لأنَّ الطلبة يمرون فيها بمرحلة المراهقة والبلوغ . وهدفت البحث الى التعرف على بعض العوامل التي تؤثر في تنفيذ درس التربية الرياضية في المرحلة المتوسطة، والتعرف على أهم المعالجات العلمية الصحيحة و الملائمة لأهداف الدرس والمنهج و برامج التربية الرياضية، وشملت عينة البحث تدريسيي محافظة أربيل، و إستعمال إستمارة إستبيان لجمع البيانات، و توصل الباحث إلى أنَّ زيادة عدد الطلبة لم تؤثر بدرجة كبيرة على نجاح الدرس، كما أنَّ الطلبة لديهم رغبة جيدة للمشاركة في الدرس، كما توصل إلى أنَّ هناك رغبة كبيرة من قبل التدريسيين للقيام بواجبهم، و أيضاً إن إدارات المدارس مهتمة بدروس التربية الرياضية، و متعاونة مع التدريسي والطلبة لكن ليس بدرجة كبيرة، و أوصى الباحث العمل على توجيه إدارات المدارس للإهتمام بدروس التربية الرياضية و عدم إجبار التدريسي على إعطاء حصته الى تدريسي آخر .
أسلوب (الاستقلال - الاعتماد) على المجال الادراكي وعلاقته بتحصيل فعالية الوثب الثلاثي
Authors: Kareem Farhad I. 
Published: January 2020

يهدف البحث الى التعرف على أسلوب الاستقلال – الاعتماد لدى افراد عينة البحث .التعرف على مستوى التحصيل لدى طلب المرحلة الثانية سكول التربية الرياضية –جامعة كويه في فعالية الوثب الثلاثي.التعرف على العلاقة الارتباطية بين الاسلوب المعرفي (الاستقلال – الاعتماد) وتحصيل أفراد عينة البحث في فعالية الوثب الثلاثي . استخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي لملائمته وطبيعة البحث، وتمثل مجتمع البحث من طلبة المرحلة الثانية في سكول التربية الرياضية – جامعة كويه والبالغ عددهم(57)طالب وطالبة، وتم اختيار (34) طالب لعينة البحث بالطريقة العشوائية والتعرف على قوة واتجاه العلاقة الارتباطية بين أسلوب (الاستقلال –الاعتماد) والتحصيل لأفراد عينة البحث في فعالية الوثب الثلاثي وتحقيقاً لأهداف الدراسة واختبار فرضيتها لدراسة العلاقات الارتباطية، ومن خلال تحليل النتائج ومناقشتها النتائج باستخدام قانون ارتباط (بيرسون). تم جمع البيانات ومعالجتها إحصائياً ومن خلالها تم التوصل إلى عدة استنتاجات أهمها : بلغ عدد الطلاب المستقلين (22) طالب من طلاب عينة البحث ،في حين كان عدد الطلاب المعتمدين (12) طالب . العلاقة التي ظهرت بين اسلوب الاستقلال -الاعتماد وتحصيل طلاب عينة البحث في فعالية الوثب الثلاثي علاقة ارتباطية موجبة الكلمات المرشدة: أسلوب ،(الاستقلال – الاعتماد)، المجال الادراكي ،تحصيل، فعالية الوثب الثلاثي.
Relationship Between Muscle Swelling and Hypertrophy Induced by Resistance Training
Authors: Hirono Tetsuya , Ikezoe Tome , Taniguchi Masashi , Tanaka Hiroki , Saeki Junya , Yagi Masahide , Umehara Jun , Ichihashi Noriaki 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Hirono, T, Ikezoe, T, Taniguchi, M, Tanaka, H, Saeki, J, Yagi, M, Umehara, J, and Ichihashi, N. Relationship between muscle swelling and hypertrophy induced by resistance training. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): 359–364, 2022—Muscle swelling immediately after resistance exercise may be induced by metabolic stress. The accumulation of metabolic stress is considered to promote muscle hypertrophy after several weeks of resistance training (RT). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between muscle swelling immediately after the first session of RT and muscle hypertrophy after a 6-week RT using ultrasonography. Twenty-two untrained young men performed knee extension resistance exercise consisting of 3 sets with 8 repetitions at a load of 80% of one repetition maximum for 6 weeks (3 d·wk−1). Muscle thickness of the quadriceps femoris was measured using ultrasonography device at 3 anatomical sites (proximal, medial, and distal sites) of the middle, lateral, and medial part of the anterior thigh. The sum of the muscle thickness at 9 measurement sites was used for analysis. Acute change in muscle thickness immediately after the first session of RT was used as an indicator of muscle swelling. Chronic change in muscle thickness after the 6-week RT was used as an indicator of muscle hypertrophy. A significant increase in muscle thickness was observed immediately after the first session of RT (8.3 ± 3.2%, p < 0.001). After the 6-week RT, muscle thickness increased significantly (2.9 ± 2.6%, p < 0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between muscle swelling and muscle hypertrophy (ρ = 0.443, p = 0.039). This study suggests that the greater the muscle swelling immediately after the first session of RT, the greater the muscle hypertrophy after RT.
Self-Reported Prevalence, Magnitude, and Methods of Rapid Weight Loss in Male and Female Competitive Powerlifters
Authors: Nolan David , Lynch Arthur E. , Egan Brendan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Nolan, D, Lynch, AE, and Egan, B. Self-reported prevalence, magnitude, and methods of rapid weight loss in male and female competitive powerlifters. J Strength Cond Res 36(2): 405–410, 2022—Rapid weight loss (RWL) is common practice in weight category sports, but no empirical data exist documenting the weight-making practices of competitive strength athletes. This study investigated the self-reported prevalence, magnitude, and methods of RWL used by male and female powerlifters when preparing for competition. Competitive powerlifters (n = 321; M/F, 194/127) completed an anonymous online questionnaire previously validated for assessment of methods of RWL. Respondents were categorized by their federation's respective antidoping policy, weigh-in procedure, and degree of assistive equipment allowed, in addition to their use or not of RWL. Subgroup analyses were performed on the largest category of respondents (n = 200, M/F, 117/83; ≤2-hour weigh-in, drug-tested, “raw”) based on sex, weight category, and competitive status. Prevalence of RWL was 85.8%, with an average RWL of 3.0 ± 1.9% body mass and an RWL score of 25.1 ± 7.4. Neither sex nor weight category influenced the RWL score, but in male athletes, a lower RWL score (22.7 ± 6.3) was reported in athletes in the lowest tertile of the Wilks score (p = 0.015). Frequencies of “always use” were reported as 54.0% for fluid restriction and 49.0% for water loading. Coaches (37.5%) and online resources (35.0%) were “very influential” on RWL practices in these athletes, while doctors (85.5%) and dieticians (63.0%) were reported to be “not influential.” The prevalence of RWL is high in competitive powerlifting, and the methods used are akin to other weight category sports, but the reported RWL scores are lower than reported in combat sports with longer recovery periods after weigh-in.
Investigation of Electronic Conductivity in PbI2:Hf Single Crystals
Authors: Furs T.V. , Hulaj O.I. , Shemet V.Ya. 
Published: January 2020

A study of the electron-hole conductivity in PbI2 single crystals doped with Hf (0.2 wt %) was conducted using the Wagner polarization cell method. The influence of the Hf alloying admixture (0.2 mass%) on the nature and parameters of lead diiodide’s electronic conductivity has been analyzed.
Basing on the received current-potential dependences, p-type conductivity of a single crystal PbI2:Hf was established. The hole conductivity values (sро) were determined in the studied temperature range allowing to construct temperature dependence. The sро value for single crystal PbI2:Hf increased responsively to increasing temperature. For PbI2 and PbI2:Hf, a comparative analysis of the electron-hole conductivity was carried out. This investigation allowed determining the activation energy sро reduction from 0.47 eV to 0.32 eV due to hafnium doping. Consequently, the presence of Hf admixture in PbI2 crystals causes new impurity acceptor levels located at a distance of 0.64 eV from the upper limit of the valence zone.
The Influence of Complex Doping on Kinetics of Decomposition and Thermal Stability of Mg-Based Mechanical Alloys
Authors: Ershova O.G. , Dobrovolsky V.D. , Solonin Yu.M. 
Published: January 2020

Mechanical alloys (MАs) were synthesized by the method of reactive mechanical alloying. At a hydrogen pressure of 0.1 MPa, with the use of thermal desorption spectroscopy, the thermal stability, the kinetics of hydrogen desorption from the hydride phase MgH2 of the obtained MAs were studied. It has been established that the complex doping by of Fe, Si, Ti, leads to a significant improvement in the of hydrogen desorption from the hydride phase MgH2 of MA synthesized by the RMA. Hydrogen capacity CH of MА after reactive grinding for 20 h. was found to be equal to 5.7 % wt. Due to this alloying, the decrease in the thermodynamic stability of MgH2 is not established. The tested materials showed a high potential as hydrogen storage alloys especially for stationary application.
Biopolimeric Nano Structural Compositions Based on Caramelized Honey
Authors: Кurta S.А. , Khatsevich О.М. , Tsap М.R. , Ondrušová D. , Gromovy T.M. , Boyko N.V. 
Published: January 2020

The article deals with chemical properties of honey as well as wax and beeglue before and after the process of caramelization. The research has been done to study chemical reactions of caramelization of honey and other bee products; the biochemical properties of the obtained substances have been investigated as well. It has been revealed that biological activity of the compound after thermochemical heating of honey in the presence of special catalysts was discovered. Infrared spectra, moisture, viscosity, size and distribution of nanoparticles, elemental composition, oxymethylfurfural content, diastase number of caramelized honey have been investigated. The difference between the sizes of nanoparticles of raw and caramelized honey has been revealed, namely caramelized honey (1.5-2.0 times) of smaller size encourages their biochemical activity. On the basis of the results obtained from caramelized honey, wax and beeglue as well as their properties, the chewing gum with biologically active components for the prevention and treatment of periodontal tissue diseases (gingivitis, periodontitis and periodontal disease) was invented. Clinical studies on chewing gum with honey, wax, and beeglue have confirmed that it provides health benefits among 72 % of patients.
The Nothingness of the Anguish in Søren Kierkegaard’s work as Modernity’s Infernal Redemption
Authors: Ormeny Francisc-Norbert 
Published: January 2020

The intention of this short study is to discuss the reverberations of Søren Kierkegaard’s philosophical considerations on anguish and on void in the context of the latest postmodern theoretical trends (Ben Woodard’s dark vitalism), by presenting the mechanisms by means of which the anguish gets to produce an “existential switch” which extracts the individual from the register of disintegration and introduces him into the register of the project (Heideggerianly speaking). I will try to demonstrate the compatibility between the structures of the late modernity and the Kierkegaardian vision on tension and on paradox, and will I will attempt to connect the possible findings to the relevant and congenial phenomenological, existentialist and aesthetic theories or set of theories circulating in today’s exegetical canon.
The effectiveness and influence of Vocal and Instrumental Improvisation in Music Therapy on children diagnosed with autism. Pilot Study.
Authors: Knapik-Szweda Sara 
Published: January 2020

Autism is a developmental disorder which is difficult to recognize and diagnose. The present study examines the effectiveness of music therapy intervention based on improvisational techniques with the elements of Creative Music Therapy by Paul Nordoff and Clive Robbins and improvisational techniques by Tony Wigram (such as imitating, frameworking, dialogues, holding) on developmentl of children with Autism (two boys diagnosed with autism - case 1. and case 2), especially in verbal and nonverbal communication, disturbance behavior patterns, cognitive and social-emotional areas. The results indicate a positive outcome in two music therapy observing tools: Scale I Child – Therapist Relationship in Coactive Musical Experience Rating Form and Scale II Musical Communicativeness Rating Form. The tables indicate the intensity of interaction between the therapist and the subject during the music therapy process (including communication skills, cognitive skills and behavior patterns). The results of case 1 are indicated in Scale I and Scale II and show a significant effect of improvisational music therapy. The important findings from the analysis of behavior in the sessions were Stability and confidence in interpersonal musical relationship, Activity relationship developing, (scale 1.). The results of the case 2. show small changes in musical behavior when it comes to Stability and confidence in interpersonal musical relationship, but in Activity relationship developing the indicators show a lot of changes between sessions. The results of the research indicate that music therapy intervention has a positive outcome and may be an effective method to increase functioning of children with autism.
Dictionaries and ideologies: some remarks of the EFL lexicography
Authors: Włodarczyk-Stachurska Anna 
Published: January 2020

The term ideology itself has recently gained a lot of attention in anthropology, sociolinguistics and cultural studies. As a starting point it seems crucial to form an area of inquiry, that is the sense of language ideology. Here Alan Rumsay’s (1990, p. 346) definition is a useful starting point: „[…] linguistic ideologies are shared bodies of commonsense notions about the nature of language in the world”. The article aims to look at the way EFL dictionaries cope with the task to present the standardization of certain words and usages. In other words, we will attempt to find out if/how lexicographers cope with the job of being legislators, if their products advise about the proper usage as well as meanings of the words available in the standard forms of English. In order to achieve this goal, the number of issues of paramount importance will be investigated:

The term of linguistic ideology,
The concept of standardization
The dictionaries and ideology of standard – the state of the art

Our method is making comparisons between different lexicographic sources (dictionaries) in relation to selected entries, and generalising from the way the latter are presented (in the sense of formal and semantic values).
Investigation of multi-criteria method for the assessment of sustainable development: The case of Lithuania
Authors: Kareivaitė Roberta 
Published: January 2020

The process of implementing sustainable development started at the end of the 20th century with the aim to balance economic, social and environmental development and minimize damage to humans and the environment. Nowadays, when new economic problems emerge social interest groups lobby, environmental standards are raised, sustainable development becomes an integral part of democratic society and is a particularly relevant object of scientific investigations. Taking into consideration the aspect of sustainable development complex assessment, the research problem can be formulated as follows: how to assess sustainable development comprehensively? This research, according to statistical data analysis (Lithuania’s case), identifies multi-criteria method (SAW) as the best method of analyzing sustainable development from the approach of different dimensions (economic, social and environmental).
According to the results of SAW method, it can be noted that when a country is improving economic indicators, environmental indicators usually decrease, which in turn determines the characteristics of the social dimension slight decrease.
Gorlin–Goltz-szindrómás beteg komplex fogorvosi, szájsebészeti kezelése és 8 éves követése
Authors: Gurdán Zsuzsanna , Gelencsér Gábor , Lengyel Zsuzsanna , Szalma József 
Published: January 2020

Absztrakt:
A Gorlin–Goltz-szindróma autoszomális dominánsan öröklődő kórkép. Vezető tünetei
az állcsontok keratocystái, a multiplex basaliomák, csontvázfejlődési
rendellenességek, intracranialis calcificatio és tenyéri, talpi dyskeratosis. A
szindróma egyik leggyakoribb és sokszor először észrevehető tünete az állcsonti
keratocysta. A szerzők munkájukban egy fogszabályozó osztályon diagnosztizált és
kezelt gyermek esetét mutatják be. A betegség ritka előfordulása ellenére fontos
a korai, fiatalkorban történő felismerés. A betegek rendszeres gondozásával
megelőzhetők az akár életet veszélyeztető elváltozások és a radikális műtéttel
járó kezelések. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(2): 67–74.
Az egyedfejlődés kritikus fázisaiban történő gyógyszeres kezelések késői következményei. A hibás hormonális imprinting koncepciójának kiterjesztése
Authors: Csaba György 
Published: January 2020

Absztrakt:
A hormonális imprinting (bevésődés) a célhormon és a fejlődő hormonreceptor első
találkozása alkalmával történik meg, és életreszólóan meghatározza a receptor
kötési képességét. Elmaradása esetén a komplex működése tartósan hiányossá
válik. Az imprinting optimális időpontja perinatalisan van, amikor a fejlődési
ablak nyitva áll: ez megteremti annak lehetőségét, hogy a célhormonhoz hasonló
molekulák (rokon hormonok, szintetikus hormonok, endokrin disruptorok stb.)
kapcsolódjanak a receptorhoz, ami hibás imprinting kialakulásához vezet. Az
orvostudományi adatbázis (PubMed) tanulmányozása arra enged következtetni, hogy
a fejlődési ablak nyitva tartása alkalmával nemcsak a célhormonhoz hasonló
molekulák tudnak hibás imprintinget létrehozni, de a legkülönbözőbb gyógyszerek
is (nem feltétlenül endokrin célpontokon); ez arra utal, hogy a hibás imprinting
kialakulásában a fiziológiás molekulaszerkezethez való hasonlóságnál fontosabb
szerepet játszik a kritikus periódus (a fejlődési ablak nyitottsága), ami
megengedi az idegen molekulák általi provokációt. A gyógyszerek által kiváltott
imprinting hatása a hormonális hibás imprintinghez hasonlóan tartós és hosszú
idő után fellépő elváltozásokban (betegségekben) mutatkozik meg. Kritikus
fejlődési periódus nemcsak perinatalisan van, de a pubertáskor is igényli a
fiziológiás átprogramozást, és megengedi idegen molekulák (gyógyszerek)
beavatkozását, ami ugyancsak késői betegségek megjelenéséhez vezet (pubertal
origin of health and disease = POHaD). Míg hormonszerű hibás imprinterek
esetében a receptorok játszhatnak szerepet a hibás imprinting kialakulásában, a
gyógyszerek imprintingje esetében ez (figyelembe véve széles körű
különbözőségüket) nem bizonyított, így a hatásmechanizmus tisztázatlan. Ez
azonban nem akadályozhatja a jelzett időpontokban a gyógyszerelés elkerülését
vagy maximális óvatossággal történő használatát. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(2):
43–49.
Mopo’alati Tradition In The Coastal Muslim Community At Molotabu Beach Bone Bolango District
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Yahiji Kasim , Rusli Muh 
Published: January 2020

This paper elaborates on the reality of the Mopo'alati tradition in Gorontalo. It expresses respect, hopes to the sacred, and supernatural. This tradition is celebrated once a year in the month of Muharram by Muslim communities on the coast of Molotabu as an expression of gratitude and prayer of salvation in facing a hard life and challenging sea. The study used a qualitative descriptive method through ethnographic design in order to understand deeply the philosophy of the tradition and its correlation with world life. Mopo’alati tradition is urgent to be studied in order to identify the inconsistency values deviates from Islam and encouraged the ritual ceremony to Islamic nuance. The finding illustrates that Gorontalo society is very fanatical about Islam, thus all mental-spiritual activities, social activities, and traditions must be based on the philosophy of “Adati hulo huloa to Syara’ah, Syara’ah hula hula’a to Qur’ani”. It means the custom bases on religious values and the religious values base on Alquran. This philosophy contains the very deep meaning of tauhid (God's values). On another side, Gorontalo society defenced the ancestor's tradition even though it deviated from Islamic values. Nowadays, Mopo’alati tradition is packaged in a ritual format by giving a more objective moral light. The ceremony was started by doing two rakaat of unobligation pray, reciting al-Waqi’ah verse, al-Rahman verse, and Yasin verse, reciting zikir, and closed by reciting safety pray. Mopo’alati ceremony was closed by giving food, cakes, and money which collected in a ceremony to poor people around the village.