bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct Mutation Profiles Between Primary Bladder Cancer and Circulating Tumor Cells Warrant the Use of Circulating Tumors Cells as Cellular Resource for Mutation Follow-up
Authors: Tae-Min Kim , Yoo Jinseon , Moon Hyong Woo , Hur Kyung jae , Choi Jin Bong , Hong Sung-Hoo , Lee Ji Youl , Ha U-Syn 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
While circulating tumor cells may serve as minimally invasive cancer markers for bladder cancers, the relationship between primary bladder cancers and circulating tumor cells in terms of somatic mutations is largely unknown. Genome sequencing of bladder tumor and circulating tumor cells is highlighted to identify the somatic mutations of primary bladder cancer.
Methods
Bladder cancer tissue was collected by transurethral resection of the bladder and preserved by snap-freezing. Circulating tumor cells were Isolated from the blood obtained before treatment. We performed whole exome sequencing of 20 matched pairs of primary bladder cancers and circulating tumor cells to identify and compare somatic mutations of these two different genomic resources.
Results
We observed that mutation abundances of primary bladder cancers and circulating tumor cells were highly variable. The mutation abundance was not significantly correlated between matched pairs. Of note, the mutation concordance between two resources was only 3–24% across 20 pairs examined, suggesting that the circulating tumor cell genomes of bladder cancer patients might be genetically distinct from primary bladder cancers. A relative enrichment of mutations belonging to APOBEC-related signature and a depletion of C-to-G transversions were observed for primary- and circulating tumor cells specific mutations, respectively, suggesting that distinct mutation forces might have been operative in respective lesions during carcinogenesis.
Conclusions
The observed discrepancy of mutation abundance and low concordance level of mutations between genomes of primary bladder cancers and circulating tumor cells should be taken into account when evaluating clinical utility of circulating tumor cells for treatments and follow-up of bladder cancers.
Trial registration:
Patients were selected and registered retrospectively, and medical records were evaluated.
Assessing dental students’ professional satisfaction with operative dentistry teaching and curriculum: A study in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alqarni Mohammed 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Evaluating students’ professional satisfaction of operative dentistry teaching and curriculum can help in identifying their educational needs and improving the quality of the education imparted. This study aimed to assess the professional satisfaction derived by undergraduate dental students in Saudi Arabia from the operative dentistry course teaching and its curriculum.Methods A total of 193 (109 male 56.48%; and 84 female 43.52%) students participated in a survey. The respondents were at the 10th, 11th, and 12th levels of the operational dentistry course in a ratio of 34.2%, 32.1%, and 33.7%, respectively. Data were collected from survey items (18 questions) covering six areas: Learning Objectives, Course Materials, Content Relevance, Instructor knowledge, Instructor delivery and Style, and Facility and environment. Descriptive and analytical tests were performed using SPSS Software 19 with the significance level set at 0.05.Results A high level of satisfaction was seen among Level 10 (68.18%), Level 11 (79.03%), and Level 12 (86.15%) students. Significant statistical difference was observed among Level 10 students with a low-level of satisfaction and a high level of satisfaction (p<0.05). The percentage of satisfaction increased with the level. A high level of satisfaction was seen among both male (78.90%) and female (76.19%) students, with a total satisfaction level of 77.72%.Conclusion Continuous evaluation and assessment of teaching as well as curriculum can be a tool to improve the quality of education imparted, especially in clinical courses such as operative dentistry.
Inhibition of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A-induced fatty acid oxidation suppresses cell progression in gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Liqiang , Li Changfeng , Song Yumei , Yan ZhenKun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) has a high rate of metastasis which thereason leading to death. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (CPT1A) has been reported to play a critical obstacle to various types of cancer progression, which is an attractive focus in anti-cancer therapy. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of CPT1A involved in GC have not been clarified unclear.
Methods: To determine the expression of CPT1A in human GC tissues and cells and illustrate whether it is correlated with the clinical pathologic characteristics and prognosis in GC patients. Its roles and potential mechanisms in regulating tumor growth and invasion were evaluated by CPT1A knockdown/overexpression of GC cells in vitro .
Results: Marked upregulation of CPT1A protein expression was observed in GC cells and tissues, which was associated with grade, pathological stage, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with GC. CPT1A overexpression also promoted the proliferation, invasion, EMT process of GC cells. In addition, CPT1A upregulation activated GC cell FAO via increasing NADP + /NADPH ratio, whereas inhibiting of FAO abolished the effects of CPT1A on GC cell proliferation and migration.
Conclusion: Our results examine that CPT1A-mediated FAO activation increases GC cell proliferation and migration, supporting that CPT1A is a useful prognostic biomarker and an attractive focus for GC.
Keywords: CPT1A; gastric cancer; fatty acid oxidation; prognostic; progression
A quantum dot fluorescent microsphere based immunochromatographic strip for detection of brucellosis
Authors: kong yufang , Wang Huiyu , Wu Shaoqiang , LV Jizhou , Mei Lin , Zhou Huifang , Han Xueqing , Lin Xiangmei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Brucellosis is a serious zoonosis disease that frequently causes significant economic loss in animal husbandry and threatens human health. Therefore, we established a rapid, accurate, simple and sensitive fluorescent immunochromatographic test strip (ICTS) based on quantum dots to detect serum antibodies of brucellosis.Result: The test strips were successfully prepared by quantum dot fluorescent microspheres (QDFM) as tracers, which were covalently coupled to an outer membrane protein of Brucella, OMP22. The outer membrane protein OMP28 and monoclonal antibodies of OMP22 against Brucella were separately dispensed onto a nitrocellulose membrane as test and quality control lines, respectively. Antibodies specific for brucellosis was detected qualitatively using the ratio of the fluorescence signals of the test and control lines (HT/HC). The threshold of assay was determined as a HT/HC value of 0.0492. The repeatability was excellent with an overall average CV of 8.78%. Under optimum conditions, the limit of detection was 1.05 ng/mL (1:512 dilution). With regard to the detection of brucellosis in 150 clinical samples, the total coincidence rate of ICTS and Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) was 97.3%, the coincidence rate of positive samples was 98.8%, the coincidence rate of negative samples was 95.3%, and no cross reaction with the sera of other related diseaseswas observed.Conclusion: In our present study, the QDFM has promising application for on-site screening of brucellosis owing to its high detection speed, high sensitivity high specificity and low cost.
Investigation on Gastric Cancer Susceptibility Genes in Chinese Early-onset Diffuse Gastric Cancer
Authors: Feng Yi , Zhang Meng , Li Wenmei , Li Sisi , Qu Changda , Meng Meizhu , Ye Meiying , Chen Weijia , Xing Xiaofang , Jia Shuqin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundDiffuse gastric cancer (DGC) is known as gastric cancer with diffuse type morphology. Early onset DGC is an indicator of suspicious hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC). HDGC patient are often less sensitive to chemotherapy and suffer from highly invasive late stage malignancy with poor prognosis. Such hereditary cancer syndrome is closely related to deleterious CDH1 germline variant. In addition, potential pathogenic germline variants in other candidate genes were also observed in HDGC families. However, the profile of gastric cancer (GC) susceptibility gene in Chinese HDGC patients is yet to be elucidated.MethodsTo investigate gastric cancer susceptibility genes in Chinese gastric cancer patients, we collected peripheral blood samples from 29 patients fulfilled both HDGC clinical diagnosis and genetic testing criteria updated on 2015 by IGCLC. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood followed by Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) with average sequencing depth of at least 100X. Gastric cancer predisposing SNV and Indel candidates were filtered based on population allele frequencies in public nucleotide polymorphism databases and pathogenic variant filtering process was performed to identify potential gastric cancer predisposing variant candidates. Immunohistochemistry was conducted on biopsies from patient who carries potential pathogenic CDH1 germline variant.ResultsIn general, 336296 germline non-synonymous variants were detected from 29 GC patients. According to the pathogenic variant filtering process, 25 germline variant candidates in 22 genes were identified as gastric cancer predisposing variant candidates. In addition, a novel splice-site variant, c.2165-1G>A (NM_004360.4), in CDH1 was detected in a Chinese early-onset HDGC patient who developed ovarian metastasis. Furthermore, IHC analysis on the ovarian cancer tissue from this patient demonstrated weakly to moderate staining of E-cadherin compared with positive control. Moreover, another two variants, CTNNA1 c.1975_1976del (NM_001903.2), APC c.-19+1G>A (NM_001127511.2), were suspicious of gastric cancer predisposing variants.ConclusionsThis study suggested that CDH1 c.2165-1G>A may act as a gastric cancer predisposing variant. In addition, to further investigate molecular mechanisms of early-onset gastric cancer, one may consider 22 genes observed in this study. Furthermore, the inconclusive results in this study warrant future investigation on gastric cancer susceptibility gene discovery that cohort selection may require more stringent conditions.
Tomographic score (RAD-Covid Score) to assess the clinical severity of infection with the novel Coronavirus
Authors: Ribeiro Tatiana Figueiredo Guimarães , Rstom Ricardo Arroyo , Barbosa Paula Nicole Vieira Pinto , Almeida Maria Fernanda Arruda , de Nascimento Affonso Bruno Binda , Costa Marina Martini , Filho Edivaldo Nery de Oliveira , Barros André Santos , Velludo Silvio Fontana , Machado Fabrício Próspero 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objectives: The severity of pulmonary Covid-19 infection can be assessed by the pattern and extent of parenchymal involvement observed in computed tomography (CT), and it is important to standardize the analysis through objective, practical, and reproducible systems. We propose a method for stratifying the radiological severity of pulmonary disease, the Radiological Severity Score (RAD-Covid Score), in Covid-19 patients by quantifying infiltrate in chest CT, including assessment of its accuracy in predicting disease severity.Methods: This retrospective, single-center study analyzed patients with a confirmed diagnosis of Covid-19 infection by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, who underwent chest CT at hospital admission between March 6 and April 6, 2020. The CT scans were classified as positive, negative or equivocal, and a radiological severity score (RADCovid Score) was assigned. Clinical severity was assessed upon hospital admission, with mild cases considered suitable for home treatment, moderate cases for hospital admission and severe cases for intensive care unit admission.Results: 658 patients were included. Concordance correlation coefficient for the RAD-Covid Score was almost perfect among observers (0.833), with an overall agreement of 89.5%. The RAD-Covid Score was positively correlated with clinical severity and death, i.e., the higher the RAD-Covid Score, the greater the chance of a more severe clinical condition and mortality. This association proved independent of age and comorbidities. Accuracy of this score was 71%.Conclusions: The RAD-Covid Score showed good accuracy in predicting clinical severity at hospital admission and mortality in patients with confirmed Covid-19 infection and was an independent predictor of severity.
Predictors of the Length of Stay of Psychiatric Inpatients: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Carranza Farid , Tamayo Natalia Sofía , Álvarez Neri Alejandro , Contreras Andrea Muriel , Guerrero Andrea Fernanda , Saucedo Erasmo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background : Length of stay (LOS) for inpatient psychiatric services is an important factor with serious drawbacks when it is extended more than needed. Impacts on economy, social functioning and stigma can hamper improvement and affect the patients’ experiences on future mental healthcare. Prediction of which patients have a higher risk for prolonged LOS has been extensively researched. Previous systematic reviews found consistent predictors of both longer and shorter LOS. However, they do not provide an estimate from the pooled effect sizes. Furthermore, to our knowledge, there are no meta-analysis on the influence of these factors. The primary objective of this study will be to provide point estimates on the effect sizes of all studied predictors of the LOS of psychiatric inpatients. Methods : We will conduct a systematic search in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO for observational studies evaluating the effect size of independent factors on the length of stay of psychiatric inpatients. Prospective and retrospective cohorts that assess the influence of risk factors through the reporting of standardized regression coefficients will be included. We will provide a qualitative synthesis of the findings from each study and perform a meta-analysis from pooled regression coefficients that were adjusted for other variables or confounders in order to obtain a point estimate and confidence interval for all factors extracted from the included studies. Discussion : The results from this study may provide more accurate predictions for mental health institutions, psychiatrists, mental health service providers, patients, and families on the prognosis regarding the length of stay for needed inpatient care. This information may be used to anticipate individuals at a higher risk for prolonged hospitalization to plan the necessary interventions for these specific situations. Considering both the benefits and disadvantages of longer and shorter stays, the pooled estimates for independent factors may be used by mental healthcare providers and patients for informed decision-making. The results from this study will also update results presented in previous studies and identify the strengths and limitations from the current available evidence. Systematic Review Registration : PROSPERO ID CRD42020172840
Prognostic Value of 25‑Hydroxy Vitamin D in Extranodal NK/T Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Mao Jin , Yin Hua , Wang Li , Wu Jia-Zhu , Xia Yi , Zhu Hua-Yuan , Fan Lei , Li Jian-Yong , Liang Jin-Hua , Xu Wei 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
25-hydroxy vitamin D [25-(OH)D] is widely used to determine vitamin D status in clinic. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic value of 25-(OH)D in extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL).
Materials and Methods
Ninety-three ENKTL patients with available serum 25-(OH)D values were enrolled in our study. Vitamin D deficiency is defined as a 25-(OH)D below 50 nmol/L. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to determine independent risk factors for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Subgroup analyses were performed to determine the applicable subgroups. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to estimate the accuracy of PINK-E (prognostic index of natural killer lymphoma added with Epstein-Barr virus-DNA status) and 25-(OH)D deficiency in ENKTL risk-stratification.
Results
Our results suggested that vitamin D deficiency was an independent inferior prognostic factor for both PFS [hazard ratio (HR), 2.869; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.540 to 5.346; P = 0.003] and OS (HR, 3.204; 95%CI, 1.559 to 6.583; P = 0.006) in ENKTL patients with age ≤ 60, ECOG PS ≤ 1, stage III‒IV and PINK-E score ≥ 3. Additionally, we demonstrated that adding 25-(OH)D deficiency to PINK-E score system indeed has a superior prognostic significance than PINK-E alone for PFS [AUC: 0.796 (95% CI: 0.699 to 0.872) vs. 0.759 (95% CI: 0.659 to 0.841), P = 0.020] and OS [AUC: 0.755 (95% CI: 0.655 to 0.838) vs. 0.721 (95% CI: 0.618 to 0.809), P = 0.040].
Conclusion
In conclusion, our study proved that 25-(OH)D deficiency was associated with inferior survival outcomes of ENKTL patients.
Development and Validation of an Rna Binding Protein-associated Prognostic Model for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: wang Min , Huang Shan , Chen Zefeng , Han Zhiwei , Li Kezhi , Chen Chuang , Wu Guobin , Zhao Yinnong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the deadliest forms of cancer. While RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have been shown to be key regulators of oncogenesis and tumor progression, their dysregulation in the context of HCC remains to be fully characterized. Methods: Data from the Cancer Genome Atlas - liver HCC (TCGA-LIHC) database were downloaded and analyzed in order to identify RBPs that were differentially expressed in HCC tumors relative to healthy normal tissues. Functional enrichment analyses of these RBPs were then conducted using the GO and KEGG databases to understand their mechanistic roles. Central hub RBPs associated with HCC patient prognosis were then detected through Cox regression analyses, and were incorporated into a prognostic model. The prognostic value of this model was then assessed through the use of Kaplan-Meier curves, time-related ROC analyses, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, and nomograms. Lastly, the relationship between individual hub RBPs and HCC patient overall survival (OS) was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: In total, we identified 81 RBPs that were differentially expressed in HCC tumors relative to healthy tissues (54 upregulated, 27 downregulated). Seven prognostically-relevant hub RBPs (SMG5, BOP1, LIN28B, RNF17, ANG, LARP1B, and NR0B1) were then used to generate a prognostic model, after which HCC patients were separated into high- and low-risk groups based upon resultant risk score values. In both the training and test datasets, we found that high-risk HCC patients exhibited decreased OS relative to low-risk patients, with time-dependent area under the ROC curve values of 0.801 and 0.676, respectively. This model thus exhibited good prognostic performance. We additionally generated a prognostic nomogram based upon these seven hub RBPs and found that four other genes were significantly correlated with OS. Conclusion: We herein identified a seven RBP signature that can reliably be used to predict HCC patient OS, underscoring the prognostic relevance of these genes.
Ethnobotanical Study on Wild Edible Plants Used by Three Trans-Boundary Ethnic Groups in Jiangcheng County, Pu’er, Southwest China
Authors: Cao Yilin , Li Ren , Zhou Shishun , Song Liang , Quan Ruichang , Hu Huabin 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Dai, Hani and Yao people in the trans-boundary region between China, Laos and Vietnam, have gathered plentiful traditional knowledge about wild edible plants during the long history of understanding and using natural resources. The ecologically rich environment and the multi-ethnic integration provide a valuable foundation and driving force for high biodiversity and cultural diversity in this region. However, little study has uncovered the mystical veil of this unique and attractive culture. Methods: Ethnobotanical fieldwork, market and village survey have been conducted in 20 villages of Jiangcheng County during the period from 2016 to 2019. Altogether 109 local Dai, Hani and Yao people were interviewed, and their traditional knowledge of wild edible plants was recorded. Voucher specimens were identified by the authors and deposited in the herbarium of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (HITBC). The statistical analysis was performed using R Studio software. Results: 211 wild edible plants, belonging to 73 families and 152 genera, were recorded. These plants were consumed as wild edible vegetables, seasonal fruits, salads, spices, sour condiments, tonic soups, tea substitutes, liquor brewing or dyeing materials. The use value (UV), current cultivation, market availability, as well as the quantitative traditional knowledge inheritance situation of these wild edible plants among different generations were analyzed. Based on the data from threatened species list of China’s higher plants and the IUCN red list, the food plant list for Asia Elephant, the subject database of China plant and the calculated UV score, the top 30 most important wild edible plants were selected for further cultivation in the local village Conclusion: Traditional knowledge of wild edible plants, owned by Dai, Hani and Yao people in Jiangcheng County, is rich but at risk of losing among the young generation. Diversified cultivation of wild edible plants by the local communities could be a solution for sustainable use of natural resources, and conserve the endangered species in this trans-boundary region.