bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AstroSat UVIT Survey of M31: Point-source Catalog
Authors: Leahy D. A. , Postma J. , Chen Y. , Buick M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
An ultraviolet survey of M31 has been carried out during 2017-19 with the UltraViolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) instrument on board the AstroSat Observatory. Here we analyze far- and near-ultraviolet (FUV and NUV) observations from the M31 UVIT survey, which covers a sky area of ≃3° × 1° with spatial resolution of ≃1″. The observations included six filter bands in the wavelength range of 120–280 nm. The limiting magnitude (AB) in the FUV band (CaF2 filter), which has the largest number of detected sources, is ∼23. The primary product of this work is the M31 UVIT point-source catalog containing positions and photometry. In total ≃75,000 sources were detected at FUV or NUV wavelengths.
Kinetics of the OH + NO2 reaction: effect of water vapour and new parameterization for global modelling
Authors: Amedro Damien , Berasategui Matias , Bunkan Arne J. C. , Pozzer Andrea , Lelieveld Jos , Crowley John N. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. The effect of water vapour on the rate coefficient for the atmospherically important, termolecular reaction between OH and NO2 was determined in He–H2O (277, 291, and 332 K) and N2–H2O bath gases (292 K). Combining pulsed-laser photolytic generation of OH and its detection by laser-induced fluorescence (PLP-LIF) with in situ, optical measurement of both NO2 and H2O, we were able to show that (in
contrast to previous investigations) the presence of H2O increases the rate coefficient significantly. We derive a rate coefficient for H2O bath gas at the low-pressure limit (k0H2O) of 15.9×10-30 cm6 molecule−2 s−1. This indicates that H2O is a more efficient collisional quencher (by a factor of ≈6) of the initially formed HO–NO2 association complex than N2, and it is a factor of ≈8 more efficient than O2. Ignoring the effect of water vapour will lead to an underestimation of the rate coefficient by up to 15 %, e.g. in the tropical boundary layer. Combining the new experimental results from this study with those from our previous paper in which we report rate coefficients obtained in N2 and O2 bath gases (Amedro et al., 2019), we derive a new parameterization for atmospheric modelling of the OH + NO2 reaction and use this in a chemical transport model (EMAC) to examine the impact of the new data on the global distribution of NO2, HNO3, and OH. Use of the new parameters (rather than those given in the IUPAC and NASA evaluations) results in significant changes in the HNO3∕NO2 ratio and NOx concentrations (the sign of which depends on which evaluation is used as reference). The model predicts the presence of HOONO (formed along with HNO3 in the title reaction) in concentrations similar to those of HO2NO2 at the tropical tropopause.
Robert C. Neville: A Systematic, Nonconformist, Comparative Philosopher of Religion
Authors: Song Bin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNeville’s comparative study of religion cannot be neatly categorized into current divisions of human knowledge of religion. Its comparative method of vague categories remains hospitable to varying scholarly interests. With the help of this methodology, Neville contributes in a sui generis fashion to the Christian-Ru transcendence debate. An analysis of these three aspects of Neville’s work supports reflection upon the nature and future of comparative study of religion.
The Naivete of Neville’s Religion: A Celebratory Yet Despairing Reading
Authors: Irvine Andrew B. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A detailed review of the theory of religion presented by Robert Cummings Neville in Religion, the third and concluding volume of his Philosophical Theology, leads into a critical response to Neville’s notions of symbolic engagement of ultimacy and second naivete. The approach is framed by concern for our perilous ecological and human future. It is both philosophical and literary in form, and driven by the haunting role of nothing in Neville’s account of the contingency of ultimate reality(ies). Neville’s theory of religion is distinguished from and far superior to reigning ways of seeing the subject in the fields of confessional theology and religious studies. However, the present response comes to focus with a celebratory yet despairing appreciation of the possibility of second naivete in religion. It aims to show, as much as say, that the normative commendation of ontological faith, which consummates Neville’s theology, may rest in part on personal dispositions that, hard though it is to believe, underplay the despair bred by religious life engaged with persistent nothing, the ultimate contingency of nature and being.
The Center of Neville’s Vision: An Elegant Axiology
Authors: Frankenberry Nancy 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis essay examines three themes that form the foundation of Neville’s philosophical system as formulated in his trilogy Axiology of Thinking, which consists of Reconstruction of Thinking (volume 1), Recovery of the Measure (volume 2) and Normative Cultures (volume 3). Some questions are raised about each theme, as well as about the very meaning of “foundation” as it plays out in Neville’s ontology.
The Craft of Factory Labor
Authors: Klekot Ewa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCeramics can be art, craft, and industrial production. Several stages of industrial production processes resulting in a porcelain item we buy in a shop require what can easily be called “craft.” Drawing on my ongoing research project in a porcelain factory in Ćmielów, Poland, I focus on the skills and embodied knowledge of the workers. In this article, I ground my interpretation of factory work in Malafouris’ Material Engagement Theory and the knowledge category of mētis.
Feasibility of anterior pelvic ring fixation alone for treating lateral compression type 1 pelvic fractures with nondisplaced complete sacral fractures: a retrospective study
Authors: Shang Kun , Ke Chao , Fu Ya-Hui , Han Shuang , Wang Peng-Fei , Zhang Bin-Fei , Zhuang Yan , Zhang Kun 
Published: March 2020

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of anterior pelvic ring fixation alone for treating lateral compression type 1 (LC-1) fractures with nondisplaced complete sacral fractures.

Methods
Patients with LC-1 type pelvic fractures with nondisplaced complete sacral fractures in the Xi’an Honghui Hospital were screened. Those who underwent surgical treatment for the anterior pelvic ring fractures and conservative treatment for the sacral factures were included in the analysis. The Majeed and Short Form-12 (SF-12) functional scores were used to evaluate these patients.

Results
Of the 123 patients enrolled, 108 (88%) responded to our enquiries regarding the outcome. The mean follow-up period was 18.37 months for the 108 patients who responded. The mean SF-12 functional score was 48.22 ± 9.68. The mean Majeed score was 83.47 ± 9.23, including 52 with excellent, 47 with good, seven with fair, two with poor outcomes. The SF-12 functional and Majeed scores were significantly higher in those aged <45 years or without lower limb injury than in those aged ≥45 years or with lower limb injury (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Acceptable functional outcomes can be obtained for LC-1 pelvic fractures with nondisplaced complete sacral fractures by using anterior pelvic ring fixation alone.
The complete mitochondrial genome ofFlavoperla biocellataChu, 1929 (Plecoptera: Perlidae) and the phylogenetic analyses of Plecoptera
Authors: Shen Yue , Du Yu-Zhou 
Published: March 2020

Of the roughly 400 species of Perlidae in the world, most species are widely distributed in the northern hemisphere, but a few can be found in South Africa and South America. There are only five species in the genusFlavoperlaof the family Perlidae in China. To gain a better understanding of the architecture and evolution of mitochondrial genome inFlavoperla, the entire mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of a ChineseFlavoperla biocellataChu, 1929 from family Perlidae (Insecta: Plecoptera) was sequenced. The 15,805-bp long mitochondrial genome ofF. biocellatacontained 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs) and a putative control region (CR). The gene arrangement ofF. biocellatawas identical with that of other stoneflies and with the flyDrosophila yakuba. Most PCGs ofF. biocellataused the standard ATN start codons and complete TAN termination codons. Twenty-one of the 22 tRNA genes exhibited cloverleaf secondary structures, but the dihydrouridine (DHU) arm oftrnSer(AGN) was completely reduced. Phylogenetic analyses with both Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood methods (ML) generated similar topology, both supporting the monophyly of all stonefly families and the infraorder Systellognatha. The phylogenetic analysis based on mitochondrial genomic data from 30 stonefly species recovered a well-supported tree resolving higher-level relationships within Plecoptera. The northern hemisphere suborder Arctoperlaria divided into two groups, Euholognatha and Systellognatha. The southern hemisphere suborder Antarctoperlaria formed two clades: Eustheniidae+Diamphipnoidae and Austroperlidae+ Gripopterygidae; consistent with relationships proposed based on morphology. The final relationships within Plecoptera were recovered as (((Perlidae+(Perlodidae+Chloroperlidae))+(Pteronarcyidae+(Peltoperlidae+Styloperlidae))) +(Taeniopterygidae+(Capniidae+(Nemouridae+Notonemouridae))))+ (Gripopterygoidae+Eusthenioidae).
Characterization and Nutritive Values of Amaranth Seeds
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Punia Darshan 
Published: March 2020

Backgrounds: Amaranthus have small lenticular seeds with a curved embryo that surrounds a starchy perisperm and with a seed coat whose color varies among black, brown, yellow and cream-white the present investigation was carried out to analyze the physico-chemical properties and nutritional composition of amaranth.
Methodology: Amaranth grains were procured from the Medicinal Aromatic and Underutilized Plant Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. Amaranth flour was assessed for its physico-chemical properties and nutrient composition.
Results: Results on physico-chemical properties revealed that bulk density of amaranth flour was 6.06 g/ml, water absorption capacity 9.40 ml/g and fat absorption capacity 58.16%. Swelling capacity of amaranth was 2.54 ml/g. The results of proximate composition revealed that amaranth flour had 10.33% moisture. 14.29% protein, 5.80% fat, 2.84% ash and 4.91% crude fibre. Albumin, globulin, prolamin and glutelin fractions of amaranth were 9.82, 9.50, 1.42 and 1.28 per cent, respectively. The total, soluble and insoluble dietary fibre content of amaranth was 27.34, 9.40 and 17.95%, respectively. Calcium, zinc, iron and potassium contents were 272.03 mg/100 g, 5.81 mg/100 g, 13.76 mg/100 g and 329.87 mg/100 g, respectively.
Conclusion: It can be concluded from the results of present investigation that amaranth is very good source of protein (14.87%), crude fibre (4.91%), ash (2.84%), dietary fibre (27.34%) and minerals specially calcium (272.03 mg/100 g), iron (13.76 mg/100 g) and potassium (329.87 mg/100 g). Amaranth, a pseudo cereal rich in nutrients can be utilized in preparation of traditional products.
Prevalence and Socio-demographic Determinants of Stunting among School Age Children (SAC) in Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Danjin Mela , Adewoye Solomon O. , Sawyerr Henry O. 
Published: March 2020

Background: As one of the key indicators of malnutrition, stunting has been considered to be a very vital proxy for not only chronic nutritional deficit but for long term socioeconomic deprivation among children and the society at large.
Objective: This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of stunting and its association with socio-demographic factors among school children in Gombe state, Nigeria.
Methodology: The study employed a cross sectional survey design to assess school children aged 6 to 15 years in 12 public and 6 private schools from six selected Local Government Areas (LGAs) of the state. Data were collected on a structured pro forma from March to June, 2019. Analysis of the data was done using IBM SPSS version 21 and Chi square statistics was used to compare proportions, while alpha level of significance was set at 0.05.
Results: The mean age of the children was 9.96±2.26 and the overall prevalence of stunting among them was 22.5%. Children in public schools were found to be more stunted (χ2=20.342, df= 1, P=0.000) and more than twice at risk (OR=2.598, CI=1.699-3.974) of stunting than their counterpart in private schools (27.3% vs. 12.6%). Low academic performance was significantly associated with high prevalence of stunting (28.4% vs. 20.9% & 18.0%) among the subjects (χ2 = 7.443, df = 2, p=0.024). Other factors that were associated with stunting include; class of pupil, age group, LGA, tribe, religion, occupation of father, occupation of mother, SES and level of education of mother.
Conclusion: It is quite evident from the findings of this study that stunting is quite prevalent among school children in Gombe state. Hence, it is recommended that a multi-sectoral approach to addressing the problem be instituted by government and all stakeholders.
Formulation and Evaluation Thermoreversible Gel of Antifungal Agent for Treatment of Vaginal Infection
Authors: Patil Manisha V. , Jadhav Rahul L. , Shaikh Siraj N. , Belhekar Santosh N. 
Published: March 2020

Aims: The aim this research work is to formulate and evaluate thermoreversible gel of antifungal agent Clotrimazole for treatment of vaginal infection.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Biopharmaceutics, Government College of Pharmacy, Karad, Maharashtra, India, between June 2009 and July 2010.
Methodology: Different Formulations of thermoreversible gel of antifungal agent Clotrimazole were prepared by using various concentrations of ethanol, PEG 400, sodium dodecyl sulphate, polycarbophil and pluronic F 127 and pluronic F 68. The gel formulations were subjected for evaluation on the basis of rheological behaviour, mucoadhesive behaviour, in-vitro performance.
Results: The results indicate that Polymers such as polycarbophil, PEG- 400 in various concentrations to prepare formulations were found to release drug for period over 12 hrs. Without getting dislodged. The formulations have satisfactory rheological behavior and their diffusion profile is comparable to the marketed gel formulation. Significant difference was observed in the rheological behavior of formulations. Gel strength, spreadability, mucoadhesive strength of formulation B and C were desirable. Drug diffusion of formulation B and C were 95.2% release after 11 hrs 98.5% release after 11 hrs, respectively which was good as compared to marketed formulation showing drug diffusion of 102.2% after 10 hrs.
Conclusion: On basis of the results we concluded that developed thermoreversible gel of Clotrimazole will be better alternative to conventional dosage form Clotrimazole & will improve patient compliance.
Chemical Warfare Agents
Authors: Costanzi Stefano 
Published: March 2020

AbstractChemical weapons are weapons that exploit the toxicity of chemicals to bring about death or harm. The toxic chemicals on which chemical weapons are based are known as chemical warfare agents. This article starts by providing some definitions of chemical weapons and chemical warfare agents as well an overview of key toxicology concepts and some notes on the physicochemical properties of the agents. Subsequently, it illustrates the chemistry, biochemistry, and medical countermeasures of the main classes of chemical warfare agents, namely vesicants, choking agents, blood agents, irritants, nerve agents, and centrally incapacitating agents.
Dairy Substitutes
Authors: Campbell Lydia J. , Euston Stephen R. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDairy product substitutes are growing in market share and product range due to an increased demand for lactose free or vegan products. This article will review the range of dairy substitutes available to the consumer, the ingredients (both dairy and nondairy) that are available to manufacturers, and outline the manufacturing processes used. Particular emphasis is placed on alternative and emerging sources of protein that increasingly are being used to replace dairy proteins in foods. The expanding market for plant‐based dairy substitutes will be explored, and recent changes in the law covering the naming of dairy substitute products will be outlined, including the use of the word milk for nondairy beverages.
F
rankiales
Authors: Normand Philippe , Fernandez Maria P. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Fran.ki.a'les. N.L. fem. n.
Frankia
type genus of the order; suff. ‐
ales
ending to denote an order; N.L. fem. pl. n.
Frankiales
the
Frankia
order.

Actinobacteria / Actinobacteria / Frankiales

A group of slow‐growing aerobic to microaerophilic soil‐inhabiting mesophilic, mostly nitrogen‐fixing, organisms in symbiosis with pioneer plants. Some lineages do not have the ability to establish symbiosis with plants. The position of the order has fluctuated markedly in the various taxonomical treatments that differed on the approach used, but they now consist of the
Frankiaceae
alone placed at the root of the aerobic
Actinobacteria
.
Beam flatness modulation for a flattening filter free photon beam utilizing a novel direct leaf trajectory optimization model
Authors: Potter Nicholas J. , Yan Guanghua , Liu Hongcheng , Alahmad Haitham , Kahler Darren L. , Liu Chihray , Li Jonathan G. , Lu Bo 
Published: March 2020

AbstractFlattening filter free (FFF) linear accelerators produce a fluence distribution that is forward peaked. Various dosimetric benefits, such as increased dose rate, reduced leakage and out of field dose has led to the growth of FFF technology in the clinic. The literature has suggested the idea of vendors offering dedicated FFF units where the flattening filter (FF) is removed completely and manipulating the beam to deliver conventional flat radiotherapy treatments. This work aims to develop an effective way to deliver modulated flat beam treatments, rather than utilizing a physical FF. This novel optimization model is an extension of the direct leaf trajectory optimization (DLTO) previously developed for volumetric modulated radiation therapy (VMAT) and is capable of accounting for all machine and multileaf collimator (MLC) dynamic delivery constraints, using a combination of linear constraints and a convex objective function. Furthermore, the tongue and groove (T&G) effect was also incorporated directly into our model without introducing nonlinearity to the constraints, nor nonconvexity to the objective function. The overall beam flatness, machine deliverability, and treatment time efficiency were assessed. Regular square fields, including field sizes of 10 × 10 cm2 to 40 × 40 cm2 were analyzed, as well as three clinical fields, and three arbitrary contours with "concave" features. Quantitative flatness was measured for all modulated FFF fields, and the results were comparable or better than their open FF counterparts, with the majority having a quantitative flatness of less than 3.0%. The modulated FFF beams, due to the included efficiency constraint, were able to achieve acceptable delivery time compared to their open FF counterpart. The results indicated that the dose uniformity and flatness for the modulated FFF beams optimized with the DLTO model can successfully match the uniformity and flatness of their conventional FF counterparts, and may even provide further benefit by taking advantage of the unique FFF beam characteristics.
Light‐Coded Digital Crystallinity Patterns Toward Bioinspired 4D Transformation of Shape‐Memory Polymers
Authors: Peng Wenjun , Zhang Guogao , Liu Jian , Nie Shuang , Wu Yi , Deng Shihong , Fang Guangqiang , Zhou Jian , Song Jizhou , Qian Jin , Pan Pengju , Zhao Qian , Xie Tao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSpatially heterogeneous distribution of active components is key to the diverse shape‐morphing behaviors of biological species and their associated functions. Artificial morphing materials employing similar strategies have widened the design space for advanced functional devices. Typically, the spatial heterogeneity is introduced during the material synthesis/fabrication step and cannot be altered afterward. An approach that allows spatio‐selective programming of crystallinity in a shape‐memory polymer (SMP) by a digital photothermal effect is reported. The light‐patternable crystallinity affects greatly the shape morphing behavior. Consequently, a pre‐stretched 2D film with spatial heterogeneity in crystallinity can morph with time into designable 3D permanent shapes, achieving the 4D transformation. This approach utilizes a reprocessible thermoplastic SMP (polylactide) and the programming relies on a physical phase transformation (crystallization) instead of chemical heterogeneity. This allows repeated erasing and reprogramming using the same material, suggesting a versatile and sustainable means for manufacturing advanced morphing devices.
All‐Purpose Electrode Design of Flexible Conductive Scaffold toward High‐Performance Li–S Batteries
Authors: He Yusen , Li Mingjun , Zhang Yongguang , Shan Zhenzhen , Zhao Yan , Li Jingde , Liu Guihua , Liang Chunyong , Bakenov Zhumabay , Li Qiang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe main obstacles that hinder the development of efficient lithium sulfur (Li–S) batteries are the polysulfide shuttling effect in sulfur cathode and the uncontrollable growth of dendritic Li in the anode. An all‐purpose flexible electrode that can be used both in sulfur cathode and Li metal anode is reported, and its application in wearable and portable storage electronic devices is demonstrated. The flexible electrode consists of a bimetallic CoNi nanoparticle‐embedded porous conductive scaffold with multiple Co/Ni‐N active sites (CoNi@PNCFs). Both experimental and theoretical analysis show that, when used as the cathode, the CoNi and Co/Ni‐N active sites implanted on the porous CoNi@PNCFs significantly promote chemical immobilization toward soluble lithium polysulfides and their rapid conversion into insoluble Li2S, and therefore effectively mitigates the polysulfide shuttling effect. Additionally, a 3D matrix constructed with porous carbonous skeleton and multiple active centers successfully induces homogenous Li growth, realizing a dendrite‐free Li metal anode. A Li–S battery assembled with S/CoNi@PNCFs cathode and Li/CoNi@PNCFs anode exhibits a high reversible specific capacity of 785 mAh g−1 and long cycle performance at 5 C (capacity fading rate of 0.016% over 1500 cycles).