bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prescription of individual therapeutic exercises via smartphone app for patients suffering from non-specific back pain
Authors: Hasenöhrl Timothy , Windschnurer Thomas , Dorotka Ronald , Ambrozy Clemens , Crevenna Richard 
Published: February 2020

Summary
Background
The purpose of this qualitative study was the assessment of the feasibility and acceptance of orthopedists prescribing individualized therapeutic exercises via a smartphone app to patients suffering from non-specific back pain.

Methods
A total of 27 patients (mean age 44.8 ± 13.2 years) diagnosed with acute non-specific back pain were prescribed individually chosen therapy exercises via a smartphone app. Before the patients started and after 4 weeks of exercising all participants went through an assessment protocol consisting of questionnaires (Oswestry Disability Index [ODI], Short Form-36 [SF-36], International Physical Activity Questionnaire [IPAQ], Work Ability Index [WAI], Visual Analogue Scale [VAS] back pain, sociodemographic parameters), assessment of functional parameters (handgrip strength, timed up and go test). With 16 randomly chosen patients semi-structured interviews were undertaken at the end of the intervention period. Interview transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Power analysis and a priori sample size calculations were undertaken with the quantitative data.

Results
From the interviews four thematic categories emerged: prior exercise experience, evaluation of exercise intensity, communication with physician via smartphone app, and variability of exercise location. Quantitative analysis of secondary data showed significant improvements in back pain (ODI) as well as quality of life domains “physical functioning”, “bodily pain” and “vitality” (SF-36) of which “bodily pain” was sufficiently powered with the current sample size.

Conclusion
The prescription of therapeutic exercises via smartphone app to patients suffering from non-specific back pain is feasible and well-accepted in patients at all ages. Pilot data additionally pointed towards efficacy of the intervention.
Low-coherence interferometer with 10 MHz repetition rate and compensation of nonlinear chromatic dispersion
Authors: Hoshikawa Masaharu , Ishii Katsuhiro , Makino Takeshi , Hashimoto Takahiro , Furukawa Hideaki , Wada Naoya 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe developed a low-coherence interference measurement system using the time-stretch dispersive Fourier transformation technique and demonstrated 10 MHz measurements of the interference signal. We estimated the path length distribution by performing Fourier transformation of the interference signal. The estimated path length difference agreed with the set value. However, as the path length increased, the peak value and width of the path length distribution decreased and broadened, respectively. This behavior was due to the nonlinearity of the chirp rate. We proposed a simple method for calibrating and compensating for the nonlinearity of the chirp rate by analyzing the phase of interferograms for multiple path length. The decrease in peak value and widening of the path length distribution were improved by the proposed compensation method.
Eigentum an Natur – Das Waldeigentum
Authors: Czybulka Detlef 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungLiteratur und Gesetzgeber haben bisher der gebotenen Differenzierung der Eigentumsobjekte und der
daraus wegen Art. 20a des GG resultierenden Ökologiepflichtigkeit des Waldeigentums kaum Rechnung
getragen. Nutzungsregelungen für den bewirtschafteten Wald bedürfen einer Sichtweise, welche
die Sicherung der natürlichen Lebensgrundlagen einschließlich der Erhaltung der Biodiversität,
nicht allein “forstliche Nachhaltigkeit” zum Ziel hat. Eine operative Umsetzung durch den Gesetzgeber
fehlt weitgehend; die diesbezüglichen Anforderungen des europäischen Unionsrechts, insbesondere
der FFH-Richtlinie werden auch im Wald “systemisch” verfehlt. Technische und ökonomische
“Zwänge” führen zu Eigengesetzlichkeiten der Waldbewirtschaftung außerhalb normativer
Vorgaben und zu einer Verschlechterung des Zustands der Waldökosysteme in Deutschland.
Schlüssel zur Diagnostik in der Pneumologie
Authors: Olschewski H. , Speich R. 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungIm Zeitalter der hochtechnisierten Medizin werden Anamnese und klinische Untersuchung zunehmend in den Hintergrund gedrängt. Es ist aber eine Tatsache, dass damit auch heute noch 80 % aller Diagnosen gestellt werden können. Vielfach dienen weitere, zumeist apparative Tests nur noch der Bestätigung der Diagnose. Eine kompetente Anamnese und klinische Untersuchung machen nicht selten teure und/oder zeitaufwendige Explorationen unnötig. Vor allem gilt es zu betonen, dass die aufgrund des klinischen Eindrucks gewonnene subjektive Einschätzung der Vortestwahrscheinlichkeit für das Vorliegen einer Krankheit eine unabdingbare Voraussetzung für die Bewertung weiterer Testresultate ist.
Radiocarbon analysis reveals that vegetation facilitates the release of old methane in a temperate raised bog
Authors: Garnett Mark H. , Hardie Susie M. L. , Murray Callum 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPeatlands have accumulated vast quantities of organic carbon over thousands of years but it is unclear how these sensitive ecosystems will respond to future climate change. If emissions of methane from peatlands increase, then they may contribute increasingly towards climatic warming due to the higher greenhouse warming potential of this gas. We investigated the radiocarbon concentration of methane emissions from a temperate bog over 1.5 years, which we supported with measurements of the surface flux of methane and carbon dioxide. The radiocarbon content of methane emissions varied greatly, from modern (i.e. fixed from the atmosphere within recent decades) to ~ 1400 years BP. Flux rates of methane were spatially and temporally highly variable. A vegetation clipping experiment showed that plants had a great influence on the carbon isotope composition and flux of methane emitted from the peat surface, consistent with earlier studies showing the key role of plants in peatland methane emissions. When plants were absent, emission rates were 70–94% lower and the radiocarbon age of methane emissions was much younger and less variable. Our radiocarbon measurements show that at this peatland, plant-associated methane emissions contain carbon originally fixed from the atmosphere up to hundreds of years earlier, consistent with a contribution from plant mediated transport of methane sourced from sub-surface layers.
Extending KIDs to the Mid-IR for Future Space and Suborbital Observatories
Authors: Perido J. , Glenn J. , Day P. , Fyhrie A. , Leduc H. , Zmuidzinas J. , McKenney C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe galaxy evolution probe (GEP) is a concept for a probe-class space observatory to study the physical processes related to star formation over cosmic time. To do so, the mid- and far-infrared (IR) spectra of galaxies must be studied. These mid- and far-IR observations require large multi-frequency arrays, sensitive detectors. Our goal is to develop low NEP aluminum kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs) for wavelengths of 10–400 $${\upmu }{{\hbox {m}}}$$μm for the GEP and a pathfinder long-duration balloon (GEP-B) that will perform precursor GEP science. KIDs for the lower wavelength range (10–100 $${\upmu }{{\hbox {m}}}$$μm) have not been previously implemented. We present an absorber design for KIDs sensitive to wavelengths of 10 $${\upmu }{{\hbox {m}}}$$μm shown to have around 75–80% absorption efficiency through ANSYS HFSS (high-frequency structure simulator) simulations, challenges that come with optimizing our design to increase the wavelength range, initial tests on our design of fabricated 10 $${\upmu }{{\hbox {m}}}$$μm KIDs, and theoretical NEP calculations.
Hypocoercivity and Fast Reaction Limit for Linear Reaction Networks with Kinetic Transport
Authors: Favre Gianluca , Schmeiser Christian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe long time behavior of a model for a first order, weakly reversible chemical reaction network is considered, where the movement of the reacting species is described by kinetic transport. The reactions are triggered by collisions with a nonmoving background with constant temperature, determining the post-reactional equilibrium velocity distributions. Species with different particle masses are considered, with a strong separation between two groups of light and heavy particles. As an approximation, the heavy species are modeled as nonmoving. Under the assumption of at least one moving species, long time convergence is proven by hypocoercivity methods for the cases of positions in a flat torus and in whole space. In the former case the result is exponential convergence to a spatially constant equilibrium, and in the latter it is algebraic decay to zero, at the same rate as solutions of parabolic equations. This is no surprise since it is also shown that the macroscopic (or reaction dominated) behavior is governed by the diffusion equation.
Disparities in glioblastoma survival by case volume: a nationwide observational study
Authors: Raj Rahul , Seppä Karri , Luostarinen Tapio , Malila Nea , Seppälä Matti , Pitkäniemi Janne , Korja Miikka 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Introduction
High hospital case volumes are associated with improved treatment outcomes for numerous diseases. We assessed the association between academic non-profit hospital case volume and survival of adult glioblastoma patients.

Methods
From the nationwide Finnish Cancer Registry, we identified all adult (≥ 18 years) patients with histopathological diagnoses of glioblastoma from 2000 to 2013. Five university hospitals (treating all glioblastoma patients in Finland) were classified as high-volume (one hospital), middle-volume (one hospital), and low-volume (three hospitals) based on their annual numbers of cases. We estimated one-year survival rates, estimated median overall survival times, and compared relative excess risk (RER) of death between high, middle, and low-volume hospitals.

Results
A total of 2,045 patients were included. The mean numbers of annually treated patients were 54, 40, and 17 in the high, middle, and low-volume hospitals, respectively. One-year survival rates and median survival times were higher and longer in the high-volume (39%, 9.3 months) and medium-volume (38%, 8.9 months) hospitals than in the low-volume (32%, 7.8 months) hospitals. RER of death was higher in the low-volume hospitals than in the high-volume hospital (RER = 1.19, 95% CI 1.07–1.32, p = 0.002). There was no difference in RER of death between the high-volume and medium-volume hospitals (p = 0.690).

Conclusion
Higher glioblastoma case volumes were associated with improved survival. Future studies should assess whether this association is due to differences in patient-specific factors or treatment quality.
Intensification of the ultrafiltration of real oil-contaminated (produced) water with pre-ozonation and/or with TiO2, TiO2/CNT nanomaterial-coated membrane surfaces
Authors: Veréb Gábor , Kassai Péter , Nascimben Santos Erika , Arthanareeswaran Gangasalam , Hodúr Cecilia , László Zsuzsanna 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn the present study, commercial PES, PVDF, PTFE ultrafilter membranes, and two different nanomaterial (TiO2 and TiO2/CNT composite)-covered PVDF ultrafilter membranes (MWCO = 100 kDa) were used for the purification of an industrial oil-contaminated (produced) wastewater, with and without ozone pretreatment to compare the achievable fouling mitigations by the mentioned surface modifications and/or pre-ozonation. Fluxes, filtration resistances, foulings, and purification efficiencies were compared in detail. Pre-ozonation was able to reduce the total filtration resistance in all cases (up to 50%), independently from the membrane material. During the application of nanomaterial-modified membranes were by far the lowest filtration resistances measured, and in these cases, pre-ozonation resulted in a slight further reduction (11–13%) of the total filtration resistance. The oil removal efficiency was 83–91% in the case of commercial membranes and > 98% in the case of modified membranes. Moreover, the highest fluxes (301–362 L m−2 h−1) were also measured in the case of modified membranes. Overall, the utilization of nanomaterial-modified membranes was more beneficial than pre-ozonation, but with the combination of these methods, slightly higher fluxes, lower filtration resistances, and better antifouling properties were achieved; however, pre-ozonation slightly decreased the oil removal efficiency.
Die politische Agenda Deutschlands
Authors: Breunig Christian , Schnatterer Tinette 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag stellt eine neue, umfassende Datenbank über die politischen Agenden Deutschlands vor und zeigt ihr Potenzial in der politikwisssenschaftlichen Forschung auf. Dazu fassen wir im ersten Teil den theoretischen Hintergrund – Agendasetzung – kurz zusammen und stellen anschließend die Datenbank vor. Die Datenbank beinhaltet politische Aktivitäten aus allen Etappen des Policyprozesses: die Inputebene (Öffentliche Meinung und Wahlprogramme der Parteien), die Politikprozessebene (Regierungserklärungen, parlamentarische Anfragen und Gesetzesentwürfe) und die Outputebene (Gesetze). Beobachtungen aus jeder Ebene sind thematisch nach dem Schema desComparative Agendas Project(CAP) codiert und umfassen den Zeitraum von 1977 bis 2013. Schließlich beschreiben wir die gesamte Datenbank kurz und illustrieren am Beispiel der Energiepolitik, wie dadurch politische Prozesse abgebildet und analysiert werden können. Die Datenbank ist zugänglich unterhttps://gpa.uni-konstanz.de/.
The European Labour Authority and rights-based labour mobility
Authors: Cremers Jan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractRegulation (EU) 2019/1149 establishes the European Labour Authority (ELA) as a decentralised operational EU-agency. The ELA has to help individuals and businesses to get most out of the opportunities offered by free movement and to ensure fair labour mobility. According to the Commission, it will serve the double mission of helping national authorities to fight fraud and abuse and making mobility easier for citizens. This article addresses existing problems with labour mobility and analyses reasons for insufficient compliance with local standards and other enforcement problems. The author reflects on the added value and future functioning of the ELA.
Problematische Ablehnungskonstruktionen
Authors: Thole Werner 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag diskutiert rechtspopulistische, menschenfeindliche Rhetoriken zu Fragen von Sozialstaat und Erziehung kritisch. Anlass ist die Wahrnehmung, dass entspreche Sprachspiele zunehmend auch in der Praxis der Sozialen Arbeit artikuliert werden, ohne dass sie als solche identifiziert und kritisiert würden.
Outcomes of trastuzumab therapy in HER2-positive early breast cancer patients: extended follow-up of JBCRG-cohort study 01
Authors:   the JBCRG-C01 Collaborative Group, Yamashiro Hiroyasu , Iwata Hiroji , Masuda Norikazu , Yamamoto Naohito , Nishimura Reiki , Ohtani Shoichiro , Sato Nobuaki , Takahashi Masato , Kamio Takako , Yamazaki Kosuke , Saito Tsuyoshi , Kato Makoto , Lee Tecchuu , Kuroi Katsumasa , Takano Toshimi , Yasuno Shinji , Morita Satoshi , Ohno Shinji , Toi Masakazu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Previous large trials of trastuzumab (TZM) demonstrated improved outcomes in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer. However, its effectiveness and safety in Japanese patients is not yet clear. Recently, new anti-HER2 agents were developed to improve treatment outcomes, but the patient selection criteria remain controversial.

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of TZM therapy as perioperative therapy for HER2-positive operable breast cancer in daily clinical practice and to create a recurrence prediction model for therapeutic selection.

Methods
An observational study was conducted in Japan (UMIN000002737) to observe the prognosis of women (n = 2024) with HER2-positive invasive breast cancer who received TZM for stage I–III C disease between July 2009 and June 2011. Moreover, a recurrence-predicting model was designed to evaluate the risk factors for recurrence.

Results
The 5- and 10-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 88.9 (95% CI 87.5–90.3%) and 82.4% (95% CI 79.2–85.6%), respectively. The 5- and 10-year overall survival (OS) rates were 96% (95% CI 95.1–96.9%) and 92.7% (95% CI 91.1–94.3%), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the risk factors for recurrence were an age of ≥ 70 years, T2 or larger tumors, clinically detected lymph node metastasis, histological tumor diameter of > 1 cm, histologically detected lymph node metastasis (≥ n2), and the implementation of preoperative treatment. The 5-year recurrence rate under the standard treatment was estimated to be > 10% in patients with a score of 3 or greater on the recurrence-predicting model.

Conclusion
The recurrence-predicting model designed in this study may improve treatment selection of patients with stage I–III C disease. However, further studies are needed to validate the scores generated by this model.
Unique Hydration Caves and Recommended Photogrammetric Methods for Their Documentation
Authors: Jarzyna Adrian , Bąbel Maciej , Ługowski Damian , Vladi Firouz , Yatsyshyn Andriy , Olszewska-Nejbert Danuta , Nejbert Krzysztof , Bogucki Andriy 
Published: February 2020

AbstractActive anhydrite hydration during weathering leading to crystallisation of secondary gypsum and significant volume expansion was investigated and documented by the authors at three sites: the environs of Walkenried (Germany), Dingwall (Canada), and Pisky (Ukraine). As a result of these processes, peculiar landscape forms were created: hydration domes and ridges with empty internal chambers, some of them large enough to be called hydration caves (German: Quellungshöhlen). Currently, there are only four recognised sites on Earth featuring such a unique landscape and with a large group of hydration caves in one place (the fourth site is in the Alebastrovyye Islands, Russia). These sites constitute a particularly valuable geological and geomorphological heritage, including potential geosites and geomorphosites which require special protection. Actively growing hydration domes and caves change shape and size within a short time span, on the scale of months, years, or decades. Their study and proper protection require these changes to be monitored. Several different methods of documentation were applied in the field in order to document continuing morphological changes. The practical aspects of the use of each of these methods were assessed, demonstrating that the photogrammetric methods offer the greatest utility; not only are they the most efficient (fast and sufficiently precise) but also, compared with other methods, they yielded the most complete results. The key documentation of outcrops in Canada and Ukraine was executed with the application of terrestrial photogrammetry at Pisky (GoPro camera) and aerial photogrammetry at Dingwall (unmanned aerial vehicle). Application of these methods enabled the recording of the morphology associated with the hydration process in the form of 2.5D and 3D models as well as of orthophotomaps. The maps and the models were created using the Photoscan programme. The authors demonstrate that the photogrammetric models can be used for spatial morphological analysis of hydration forms in the ArcGIS programme. Repetition of this documentation in future will enable analysis of the morphological changes expected to occur during the progressive expansive hydration of anhydrite.
Screening naar prostaatkanker bij mannen met een BRCA2 mutatie: adviezen voor de praktijk gebaseerd op resultaten van internationale studie
Authors: van Asperen C. J. , Bangma C. H. 
Published: February 2020

SamenvattingMannen die drager zijn van een BRCA2 mutatie (BRCA2+ mannen of BRCA2 dragers) hebben een verhoogd risico op prostaatkanker ten opzichte van mannen zonder mutatie. Daarnaast betreft het vaker agressievere tumoren. De resultaten van de internationale IMPACT-studie laten zien dat de BRCA2+ mannen relatief veel baat kunnen hebben van screening naar prostaatkanker. In totaal werden 2.932 mannen gerekruteerd. Na vier screeningsrondes met PSA-bepaling is aangetoond dat BRCA2 dragers een statistisch-significante hogere kans hebben op prostaatcarcinoom, 19 per 1.000, in vergelijking met niet-dragers, 12 per 1.000 (p = 0,03). Ook betreft het vaker klinisch-significante prostaatcarcinomen (77%) in vergelijking met 49% in de algemene populatie. Op basis van de resultaten van de IMPACT-studie is besloten om in Nederland de mogelijkheid van screening voor prostaatkanker actief te bespreken met BRCA2+ mannen.
An Integrated Efficacy and Safety Analysis of Single-Dose Secnidazole 2 g in the Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis
Authors: Pentikis Helen , Adetoro Nikki , Tipping Diane , Levy Sharon 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common gynecologic infection in women aged 14 to 49 years. Currently recommended treatments require extended dosing and are thus associated with poor adherence. A single-dose oral granule formulation of secnidazole 2 g (SOLOSEC™ [secnidazole], Symbiomix Therapeutics, a Lupin company, Baltimore, MD), a 5-nitroimidazole antibiotic with antimicrobial activity, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of BV in adult women. As part of the US registration package, two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical studies were conducted to confirm the efficacy and safety of a novel single-dose oral formulation of secnidazole 2 g. This is an integrated analysis of efficacy and safety results from these studies, pivotal study 1 and pivotal study 2. By combining the results of the two studies, relevant information is presented especially when considering the effect of secnidazole on patients with recurrent episodes of BV and the difference in effect on patients of black race. Single-dose secnidazole 2 g was statistically superior to placebo on all primary and secondary efficacy outcomes in both trials, including clinical outcome responder rate (P < 0.001), achievement of Nugent scores in the normal range of 0 to 3 (P < 0.001), greater numbers of patients as therapeutic outcome responders at the test of cure/end of study visit on days 21–30 (P < 0.001), and fewer patients requiring additional treatment at the test of cure/end of study visit (P < 0.001), supporting the role for single oral dose secnidazole 2 g granules as treatment for women with BV.