bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ability of the COPD Assessment Test to evaluate the lung‐specific quality of life in systemic sclerosis‐associated interstitial lung disease
Authors: Mugii Naoki , Someya Fujiko 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe COPD Assessment Test (CAT) is utilised to evaluate the treatment outcome regarding the health status in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). However, the ability of the CAT to evaluate the lung‐specific quality of life in systemic sclerosis‐associated interstitial lung disease (SSc‐ILD) is not established. Therefore, we investigated whether CAT scores can be used to evaluate SSc‐ILD as they are for IIP.MethodsA total of 150 patients with IIP or SSc‐ILD who were evaluated by the CAT were retrospectively assigned to this study. Clinical data at the visit for the CAT were analysed.ResultsThe forced vital capacity and distance walked during the 6‐minute walk test (6MWD) were significantly correlated with the CAT score for SSc‐ILD and IIP, and the CAT scores were similarly distributed in SSc‐ILD and IIP. The CAT score of SSc‐ILD patients was negatively affected by pulmonary arterial hypertension, but not by corticosteroids, which affected it in IIP patients. CAT scores of patients with either disease receiving home oxygen therapy were poor. In multiple regression analysis, pulmonary arterial hypertension and 6MWD were independent predictors for the CAT score in patients with SSc‐ILD, while corticosteroid administration was selected as an independent factor in patients with IIP.ConclusionsOur study suggests that the CAT can be applied to evaluate the lung‐specific quality of life in SSc‐ILD similar to IIP regarding the pulmonary function, but it should be noted that pulmonary arterial hypertension in SSc‐ILD influences the CAT score.
Pulmonary valve papillary fibroelastoma
Authors: Papasaikas Dimitrios , Theodoropoulos Konstantinos C. , Zaheer Aneel , Baghai Max , Monaghan Mark J. , Papachristidis Alexandros 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe present a case of a 70‐year‐old woman with exertional shortness of breath. A transthoracic echocardiogram showed a large mass on the ventricular side of the pulmonary valve. The anatomy of the mass was additionally investigated with a transesophageal echocardiogram, which delineated the anatomical details of the structure. The mass was surgically excised, and histopathology confirmed a cardiac papillary fibroelastoma.
Contributions of childhood trauma and atypical development to increased clinical symptoms and poor functioning in recent onset psychosis
Authors: Rosenthal Adi , Meyer Monet S. , Mayo Danessa , Tully Laura M. , Patel Pooja , Ashby Stefania , Titone Madison , Carter Cameron S. , Niendam Tara A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimThe trauma‐psychosis cycle proposes an interactive relationship between impaired developmental and cognitive trajectory, childhood trauma exposure, and increased risk for psychosis. This study explored how childhood trauma (CT) and atypical development (AD) impact clinical course in an early psychosis cohort.MethodsA retrospective chart review of behavioural and clinical research data was conducted with individuals ages 12 to 40 (N = 508; 72.4% males) evaluated by an early psychosis program.ResultsCT exposure was associated with earlier onset of full threshold psychosis, more hospitalizations, higher ratings of negative symptoms, and increased likelihood of engaging in suicidal behaviour. AD alone was associated with earlier onset of psychosis symptoms, higher ratings of negative symptoms and greater likelihood of engaging in non‐suicidal self‐injury. The combination of CT and AD was associated with the earliest symptom onset and poorest psychosocial functioning.ConclusionsThe findings contribute to our understanding of heterogeneity in the early psychosis population and highlight the specific risk factors that could be targets in treatment.
On the causal role of privation in Thomas Aquinas's metaphysics
Authors: Gartenberg Zachary Micah 
Published: February 2020

Abstract“Privation” (privatio) is defined by Thomas Aquinas as the want of some property in a subject that ought naturally to possess that property. In this paper, I explicate the ontological status of privation as a form of nonbeing in order to shed light on the challenging question whether privation, as a kind of absence, can play a causal role for Aquinas, and if so, how. According to Aquinas, I argue, privations in a subject serve to determine what sort of (efficient) causal relations that subject can enter into, but, as nonbeings, privations cannot be the cause of the subject's entering into those relations, and in this way, they cannot be efficient causes of effects distinct from the subject.
The rate of incidental atypical and malignant breast lesions in reduction mammoplasty specimens
Authors: Genco Iskender S , Steinberg Jordan , Caraballo Bordon Beatriz , Tugertimur Bugra , Dec Wojciech , Hajiyeva Sabina 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimsReduction mammoplasty (RM) is one of the most common plastic surgeries in the United States. We aimed to demonstrate the rate of incidental atypical and malignant breast lesions (AMBL) found in RM specimens and the impact of the number of submitted tissue sections on the rate of AMBL.Methods and resultsWe analysed our database for patients who had undergone reduction mammoplasty between 2000 and 2018. Patients with a history of breast cancer were excluded from the study. All pathology reports were analysed for AMBL (ALH, LCIS, FEA, ADH, DCIS, invasive carcinoma). The grossing protocol was to submit 10 sections from each breast between 2000 and 2013 and six sections between 2014 and 2018. One hundred and sixty‐nine of 5208 patients (3.3%) and 216 of 10 340 RM specimens (2.1%) showed at least one AMBL. Nineteen (0.36%) patients had incidental cancer. The median age of patients with AMBL was significantly higher than patients without ABL (aged 59 years versus 45 years). There was no cancer in patients aged <30 years. The age‐controlled rate of overall AMBL as well as atypia and cancer only did not decrease by submitting fewer sections during the 2014–18 period compared to the 2010–13 period.ConclusionsDecreasing the number of tissue sections from 10 to six did not lead to a significant decrease in the rate of overall AMBL or cancer. Our data suggest that submitting six tissue sections from each breast for patients aged >30 years and two sections from each breast for patients aged <30 years would be sufficient.
‘Without the Right Support Network I'd Probably Be Either Dead or in the Prison System’: The Role of Support in Helping Offenders on their Journey to Desistance
Authors: BATTY ELAINE 
Published: February 2020

AbstractReforms designed to enhance the delivery of flexible and holistic support to offenders were introduced in 2013, with a clear focus on addressing ‘broader life management issues’ to enable behaviour change. Data are drawn from total of 117 semi‐structured interviews undertaken with 57 offenders as part of the Welfare Conditionality: Sanctions support and behaviour change project. The article specifically highlights the significance of long‐term support in successfully helping offenders to change their behaviour. It emphasises the importance of long‐term engagement, together with strengths‐based approaches in helping offenders to progress personal development and create a new prosocial identity whereby they can become invested in society.
Catheter‐related thrombosis incidence and risk factors in adult cancer patients with central venous access devices
Authors: Ellis Marc L. , Okano Satomi , McCann Andrew , McDowall Angela , Van Kuilenburg Rosita , McCarthy Alexandra L. , Joubert Warren , Harper John , Jones Mark , Mollee Peter 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundCentral venous access devices (CVAD) are commonly employed in the management of cancer patients. While having several benefits they are associated with significant risks.AimTo review the incidence and risk factors for catheter‐related thrombosis (CRT) in cancer patients with a CVAD.MethodsWe performed a prospective observational cohort study of adult patients with cancer requiring a CVAD between 1 January 2004 and 29 June 2016. The rate of, and risk factors for the development of, symptomatic CRT were evaluated.ResultsA total of 4920 central lines was inserted into 3130 patients. The incidence of CRT was 3.6%. CRT developed a median of 12 days following line insertion. Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) were associated with the highest rates of CRT (hazards ratio (HR) 22.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.9–170.6). Older age groups developed CRT at lower rates (HR 0.57; 95% CI 0.39–0.84 for age 50–61 years, and HR 0.63; 95% CI 0.45–0.89 for age >61 years) compared to age <50 years. Increased CRT was seen in patients with prior CRT (HR 1.81; 95% CI 1.19–2.77). There was a trend to more CRT events with a Khorana tumour score of 1 compared to those with a score of 0 (HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.00–1.88). Hodgkin lymphoma, germ cell and oesophagus cancers had the highest CRT rates. Side of insertion was not associated with thrombosis risk (HR 0.77; 95% CI 0.57–1.05; P = 0.10).ConclusionsAge <50 years, PICC lines and prior CRT were associated with highest CRT rate. Cancer subtype and insertion side were not predictive of thrombosis.
Industry bubbles and the cross‐sectional variation of expected consumption growth
Authors: Rojo‐Suárez Javier , Alonso‐Conde Ana Belén , Lago‐Balsalobre Rubén 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe study the relationship between the domestic consumption growth and industry bubbles, under the assumption that, at a global level, the bubbles created by productive countries totally or partially offset the bubbles created by unproductive countries. Using a methodology based on a time‐varying parameter vector autoregression, we define the expected consumption growth as a function of the exposure to bubbly episodes and the price of bubbles, among other variables. We test the model for nine European countries. Our results show that the variation of construction and technology bubbles has a strong explanatory power for the domestic consumption growth.
Tooth discoloration caused by endodontic treatment: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Bosenbecker Juliana , Barbon Fabiola Jardim , de Souza Ferreira Nádia , Morgental Renata Dornelles , Boscato Noéli 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionThis cross‐sectional study evaluated the influence of endodontic filling material, cervical limit of root filling, and tooth location on the color variation (∆E00) from 1 to 60 months of follow‐up.Materials and MethodsColor records were obtained from 70 participants who received 83 endodontic treatments. CIEL*a*b* color coordinates were measured on the homologous tooth, which was considered as baseline, and on endodontic treated teeth with a spectrophotometer. ∆E00 was calculated by the CIEDE2000 method at three conditions (condition 1: homologous tooth vs endodontically treated tooth after ≤1 month; condition 2: homologous tooth vs endodontically treated tooth after >1–12 months; condition 3: homologous tooth vs endodontically treated tooth after >12 months up to 5 years) for each variable. The zinc oxide and eugenol mineral trioxide aggregate or resin‐based filling materials, dental cervix or ≥2 mm in the apical direction cervical limit of root filling and anterior or posterior tooth location were considered in the comparisons. Confidence intervals for the means (95% CI) were calculated, ∆E00 values and CIEL*a*b* individual color coordinates were compared for each pair of variables using the Student t test or Welch test (α = .05).ResultsGreater ∆E00 values were generally observed in the condition 3 for cervical limit (∆E00 = 10.7), use of zinc oxide and eugenol and mineral trioxide aggregate‐based filling materials (∆E00 = 10.7), and anterior teeth (∆E00 = 12.4). Only in the condition 1, the ∆E00 values of the filling materials did not show statistical differences (P = .198).ConclusionsHigher ∆E00 values were yielded from zinc oxide and eugenol and mineral trioxide aggregate‐based filling materials, anterior teeth, and dental cervix cervical limit of root filling.Clinical significanceTooth discoloration yielded by endodontic materials and procedures is a challenge to clinical practice resulting in aesthetic problems and discomfort to both patient and professional, especially when it occurs in anterior teeth.
The impact of street clothes among caregivers on residents with dementia in special care units: The STRECLO study
Authors: Bailly Nathalie , Sanchez Stéphane , Ferrand Claude , Souesme Guillaume , Giraudeau Caroline , Agli Océane 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo examine the impact of caregivers' street clothes on people living in special care units (SCUs). We hypothesised that caregivers wearing street clothes would improve residents’ relationships with other residents and caregivers and, as a consequence, would improve their quality of life.BackgroundEnvironmental factors have been recognised as important elements in the care of people with dementia. Among these factors, the importance of the caregivers’ appearance and more particularly their street clothes has been raised.DesignThe Street Clothes study (STRECLO) was designed as a multicentre crossover observational study.MethodThis study was conducted in two volunteer nursing homes. It involved videotaping residents (N = 24) over a 6‐month period: caregivers wore uniform and then street clothes for two consecutive three‐month periods. Three outcome measures were observed as follows: (a) behaviours of residents, (b) contents of conversations and (c) proximal interactions between residents and caregivers. The STROBE checklist was used to ensure quality reporting during this observational study.ResultsWhen caregivers wore street clothes, we observed the following: (a) greater solicitation and less anxiety in residents, (b) content of conversations between residents and caregivers included more personal and less health information, and (c) more proximal interaction between caregivers and residents.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first study which investigated the long‐term effects on residents of SCU caregivers wearing street clothes. Our study demonstrated the potential benefit of not wearing uniform on the quality of life of institutionalised people with dementia.Relevance to clinical practiceGiven the budgetary constraints faced by nursing homes, wearing street clothes for caregivers could be readily applied to clinical practice and represents a promising way to increase the quality of life of dementia residents and their families.
Factors related to self‐care behaviours among patients with diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Kim Eun Jo , Han Kuem‐Sun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAims and objectivesTo examine the level of self‐care behaviours among patients with diabetic foot ulcers and identify factors related to their self‐care behaviours.BackgroundThis study focused on the self‐care behaviours of patients diagnosed with diabetic foot ulcers, a complication of diabetes.DesignA cross‐sectional study design was adopted.MethodsFrom July–August 2018, 131 outpatients and inpatients with diabetic foot ulcers were given a survey questionnaire regarding self‐care behaviours and expected related factors at two Korean hospitals. In this study, self‐care behaviours were diabetes management and diabetic foot care. Demographic, disease‐related and laboratory characteristics were collected. The data were analysed in terms of descriptive statistics, a t test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. STROBE checklist was used as the guideline for this study.ResultsModerate levels of self‐care behaviours were found. The stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that diabetes management was significantly related to perceived family support, experience of diabetic education, perceived stress, a problem‐focused coping style, experience of hospitalisation and comorbidity. Furthermore, diabetic foot care was significantly associated with the experience of diabetic education, perceived family support, and serum level of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and haemoglobin A1C.ConclusionsPerceived family support was the main factor affecting diabetes management, and diabetic foot care was greatly affected by the experience of diabetic education. It is necessary to develop diabetes education programmes and nursing interventions to increase family support to improve the self‐care behaviours of patients with diabetic foot ulcers.Relevance to clinical practiceSelf‐care behaviours among patients with diabetic foot ulcers are important, as they affect healing of the wound and the quality of life. Further development of family‐based diabetes education or programmes is recommended to promote the self‐care behaviours of patients with diabetic foot ulcers.
Immune‐pineal axis protects rat lungs exposed to polluted air
Authors: Carvalho‐Sousa Claudia Emanuele , Pereira Eliana P. , Kinker Gabriela S. , Veras Mariana , Ferreira Zulma S. , Barbosa‐Nunes Fernanda P. , Martins Joilson O. , Saldiva Paulo H.N. , Reiter Russel J. , Fernandes Pedro A. , da Silveira Cruz‐Machado Sanseray , Markus Regina P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEnvironmental pollution in the form of particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) is a major risk factor for diseases such as lung cancer, chronic respiratory infections, and major cardiovascular diseases. Our goal was to show that PM2.5 eliciting a proinflammatory response activates the immune‐pineal axis, reducing the pineal synthesis and increasing the extrapineal synthesis of melatonin. Herein, we report that the exposure of rats to polluted air for 6 hours reduced nocturnal plasma melatonin levels and increased lung melatonin levels. Melatonin synthesis in the lung reduced lipid peroxidation and increased PM2.5 engulfment and cell viability by activating high‐affinity melatonin receptors. Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) promoted the synthesis of melatonin in a cultured cell line (RAW 264.7 cells) and rat alveolar macrophages via the expression of the gene encoding for AANAT through a mechanism dependent on activation of the NFκB pathway. Expression of the genes encoding AANAT, MT1, and MT2 was negatively correlated with cellular necroptosis, as disclosed by analysis of Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarray data from the human alveolar macrophages of nonsmoking subjects. The enrichment score for antioxidant genes obtained from lung gene expression data (GTEx) was significantly correlated with the levels of AANAT and MT1 but not the MT2 melatonin receptor. Collectively, these data provide a systemic and mechanistic rationale for coordination of the pineal and extrapineal synthesis of melatonin by a standard damage‐associated stimulus, which activates the immune‐pineal axis and provides a new framework for understanding the effects of air pollution on lung diseases.
The PRT6 N‐degron pathway restricts VERNALIZATION 2 to endogenous hypoxic niches to modulate plant development
Authors: Labandera Anne‐Marie , Tedds Hannah M. , Bailey Mark , Sprigg Colleen , Etherington Ross D. , Akintewe Olunwatunmise , Kalleechurn Geetika , Holdsworth Michael J. , Gibbs Daniel J. 
Published: February 2020

Summary

VERNALIZATION2 (VRN2), an angiosperm‐specific subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is an oxygen (O2)‐regulated target of the PCO branch of the PRT6 N‐degron pathway of ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis. How this post‐translational regulation coordinates VRN2 activity remains to be fully established.

Here we use Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes, mutants and transgenic lines to determine how control of VRN2 stability contributes to its functions during plant development.

VRN2 localizes to endogenous hypoxic regions in aerial and root tissues. In the shoot apex, VRN2 differentially modulates flowering time dependent on photoperiod, whilst its presence in lateral root primordia and the root apical meristem negatively regulates root system architecture. Ectopic accumulation of VRN2 does not enhance its effects on flowering, but does potentiate its repressive effects on root growth. In late‐flowering vernalization‐dependent ecotypes, VRN2 is only active outside meristems when its proteolysis is inhibited in response to cold exposure, as its function requires concomitant cold‐triggered increases in other PRC2 subunits and cofactors.

We conclude that the O2‐sensitive N‐degron of VRN2 has a dual function, confining VRN2 to meristems and primordia, where it has specific developmental roles, whilst also permitting broad accumulation outside of meristems in response to environmental cues, leading to other functions.
Roles of the underlying cause of delivery and gestational age on long‐term child health
Authors: Cairncross Zoe F. , Chaput Kathleen H. , McMorris Carly , Ospina Maria , Brown Hilary K. , Metcalfe Amy 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundClinical conditions leading to delivery are heterogeneous. However, most studies examining the short‐ and long‐term consequences of birth on child health only consider gestational age at delivery, not the underlying cause.ObjectiveTo examine the effect of both gestational age at delivery and underlying cause of delivery on child health outcomes.MethodsThis population‐based retrospective cohort study of singleton infants born in Alberta (April 2004‐March 2005) used linked administrative and perinatal data to identify birth subtypes by underlying cause (infection/inflammation (I/I), placental dysfunction (PD), both, or neither), gestational age at delivery, and child health outcomes (neonatal morbidity and mortality, paediatric complex chronic conditions, and neurodevelopmental disorders and disabilities). Poisson regression with robust variance was used to assess differences in the (adjusted) risk ratio (RR) of each outcome by gestational age, and by cause of delivery. The roles of gestational age and cause of delivery were examined using mediation analysis methods.ResultsA total of 38,192 children were included, with 66.7% experiencing neither I/I nor PD (I/I: 4.0%, PD: 27.5%, both: 1.8%). Infants born preterm had higher risk of all outcomes compared to those born at term and late‐term. Infants with exposure to both causes had higher risk of all outcomes (neonatal morbidity, RR 8.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 7.55, 10.63; paediatric complex chronic conditions, RR 3.94, 95% CI 3.08, 5.05; and neurodevelopmental disorders, RR 1.58, 95% CI 1.37, 1.84). The effect of underlying cause of delivery on child health outcomes was partially explained by gestational age, more in cases involving I/I than in those involving PD alone.ConclusionsShort‐ and long‐term child health outcomes differ by the underlying cause leading to delivery, as well as the gestational age at delivery. Having a clearer prognosis for infants may promote the use of clinical interventions earlier for children at increased risk.
Fast tensorial JADE
Authors: Virta Joni , Lietzén Niko , Ilmonen Pauliina , Nordhausen Klaus 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe propose a novel method for tensorial‐independent component analysis. Our approach is based on TJADE and k‐JADE, two recently proposed generalizations of the classical JADE algorithm. Our novel method achieves the consistency and the limiting distribution of TJADE under mild assumptions and at the same time offers notable improvement in computational speed. Detailed mathematical proofs of the statistical properties of our method are given and, as a special case, a conjecture on the properties of k‐JADE is resolved. Simulations and timing comparisons demonstrate remarkable gain in speed. Moreover, the desired efficiency is obtained approximately for finite samples. The method is applied successfully to large‐scale video data, for which neither TJADE nor k‐JADE is feasible. Finally, an experimental procedure is proposed to select the values of a set of tuning parameters. Supplementary material including the R‐code for running the examples and the proofs of the theoretical results is available online.