bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial downscaling of monthly precipitation based on TRMM satellite in Ya’an
Authors: Chen Ting , Liu Xiaoyu , Liu Xing , Li Xiaodong , Liu Jie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In the study of precipitation in ya’an with complex terrain, a statistical downscaling algorithm based on the monthly precipitation data of TRMM 3B43 from 2000 to 2008, digital elevation model (DEM) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was presented. The precipitation fields from TRMM 3B43 were downscaled to l km × l km resolution simulated precipitation by constructing multiple linear regression equation and using regression model and residuals method. Combined with the observation values obtained from 8 weather stations in the study area, the downscaled precipitation was tested in the two aspects of overall accuracy and singel station. On this basis, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of monthly precipitation in recent 9 years in the study area were analyzed. The results showed that: The correlation coefficients of TRMM before and after downscaling and observation values were 0.863 and 0.854, and the biases were -0.08 and -0.12. The correlation and accuracy of the two types of data were basically consistent on the whole. 75% of the stations had a high correlation with the downscaling results, and the absolute value of the bias of each station was no more than 0.35, which showed that the data accuracy was high, the data was suitable for the precipitation analysis in the research area. The distribution of monthly precipitation in 8 stations over the years showed that the precipitation in the middle of ya’an was concentrated in January and November to December. From February to April and July to August the north received more precipitation than the south, while the opposite was true from May to June and September to October, and the August in the main flood season reached the heaviest rainfall of the year.
Accuracy and Grade Demonstration and Research of Elevation Control Network for Long distance Water Diversion Projects in Plateau
Authors: Zhang Xin , Yang Zhe , He Muxia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
According to the characteristics of the Water Diversion Project in Central Yunnan, the application of error theory analysis and simulation calculation method, the influence value of the elevation error of the channel line on the longitudinal slope is obtained. It is deduced that the first-level elevation control network of the project should use the second-level level control network. Combined with the analysis and calculation of the error in the weakest point elevation, it is analyzed that the project should use the third-level encryption high-speed control network. Finally, through the valuation calculation, it is determined that the Water Diversion Project in Central Yunnan does not need to correct the lunisolar attraction in the elevation control network.
Analysis on Feature of Soil_River_Ground_Plants Water Based on Stable Oxygen Isotope in Poyang Lake Wetland
Authors: Lin Yuru , Deng Zhimin , Xiong Ying , Xu Jijun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in China, the water level of Poyang Lake was declined continuous, and extreme droughts have frequently occurred in recent years, the structure and function of the wetland ecosystem were destroyed. In this paper, Stable oxygen isotopes was used as a tracer to identify composition of soil water, river water, ground water, and plants water. The focus was on characterize the variation with depth of the stable oxygen isotope composition and identifying the main sources of oxygen in soil water, ground water, river water and plants water, understanding the mechanisms of water movement among them. Soil water sampled at 10 cm intervals over the top 100 cm at two sections in the Poyang Lake wetland, and water samples collected from the plants, river water and ground water, were analysed for stable oxygen isotope composition, exploring the recharge and discharge of relationship between them. The results shown that the values of δ18O at depth of 0∼30cm at section I were declined with increasing soil depth, the value of δ18O at depth of 0∼40cm at section II had rare variation with increasing soil depth. The groundwater supply at section I was mainly influenced by precipitation, at section II was by precipitation and river water. The average value of δ18O in the domain species plants leaves of phalaris arundinacea, crex cinerascens, and phragmites communis was -0.9%º, -4.23%º, -5.25%º respectively.
Development of Tianwan river system and characteristics of river geomorphology
Authors: Di Tang , Long Tan , Xuefeng Wu , Lijiang Qi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe uplift of Gongga Mountain has greatly affected the development of water system and topography of Tianwan River Basin. In this paper, ArcGIS software is used to extract the water system and main channel profile of Tianwan River Basin, and Horton theory is used to analyze the water system development and river network characteristics of Tianwan River Basin. The results show that the water system development of Tianwan River Basin basically conforms to Horton’s law, but the Horton ratio is larger at some levels, and the Horton ratio of the right bank is larger than that on the left bank. There are many river fissures in the basin, the largest of which are the Bawanghai Sea, which raises the river erosion benchmark and effectively suppresses the upstream disasters.
Monthly runoff forecasting via an improved extreme learning machine
Authors: Niu Wen-jing , Chen Yu-bin , Min Yao-wu , Li Yu-rong , Zhang Xiao , Feng Zhong-kai 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Generally, monthly runoff prediction is of great importance for effective water resource planning and management. Extreme learning machine (ELM) is a novel training tool for the famous single layer feed-forward neural network. Due to the satisfying performance, ELM is chosen for monthly runoff forecasting in this research. Nevertheless, it is unfortunately found that ELM easily falls into local optima in practice because the randomly-determined computational parameters remain unchanged during the learning process. Thus, this paper tries to develop an improved extreme learning algorithm (IELM) where the evolutionary algorithm is used to search for satisfying computational parameters while the Moore-Penrose generalized inverse method is used to determine the output weights. The IELM method is applied to forecast the monthly runoff of Hongjiadu reservoir in southwest China. The results show that the proposed method outperforms several traditional algorithms with respect to the performance indicators. Thus, this paper provides a new and effective artificial intelligence approach for the monthly runoff forecasting.
Study of the Thickness of Curtain Grouting Ring for the life-cycle of Tunnel in Water-rich Fault Fracture Zone
Authors: Jia Yanling , Lu Ouyang , Zhou Shaowen , Wang Gang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Junchang Tunnel passes through fault fracture zone where joints and fracture developed, the water-rich zone is wide and the geological condition is extremely complex, which is likely to induce the water gushing and mud gushing. Based on the project, the proper thickness of curtain grouting ring for the life-cycle of tunnel in water-rich fault fracture zone is analyzed, and the main conclusions are as follows: (1) Comprehensive advance geological forecast including ultra-high density resistance method, land sonar method, transient electromagnetic method and drilling method are adopted to achieve good prediction results in the fault fracture zone of DK7+812 to DK7+862; (2) The full-face curtain grouting method can effectively reduce the formation deformation caused by tunnel excavation in the tunnel construction in water-rich fault fracture zone, and the effect of water plugging is great; (3) According to the formula of thick wall tube, the experience of grouting and water plugging in existing tunnels, and the comparison of finite element method, the thickness of curtain grouting ring should be greater than 5m to meet the safety requirements. Considering the safety requirements and the reduction of curtain grouting ring in the operation period, the thickness of curtain grouting ring needs to be increased to 7m.
Determination Method for Conversion Sampling Frequency of Structural Deflection Monitoring of Small-and Medium-Span Bridges
Authors: Hua Wenlong , Wang Runjian , Hu Jianming , Li Haiguang , Sun Xiaohong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper proposes a method for determining the frequency of interest of static and dynamic deflection responses based on the analysis of components of the deflection deformation of small-and medium-span bridges in service. By analyzing the impact of sampling frequency on the time-domain signal amplitude, this paper determines the maximum sampling frequency limit of undistorted signals, thereby providing reference for the determination of the sampling frequency for the real-time monitoring of the deflection of small-and medium-span bridges.
Calculation and test on the construction support deformation for the viaduct of the subway Line 1 of Changzhou
Authors: Weixing Wang , Teng Liu , Darong Pan , Longlong Niu , Tianjiao Dai 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
When the high formwork support collapses during construction, the bars present obvious deformations that exceed the normal limit. The deformation characteristics of the high formwork support were calculated and analyzed by nonlinear buckling finite element method, and the deformation test was carried out by using the automatic deformation monitoring system based on machine vision. The results show that the FE results are in good agreement with the tested results, and the FE calculation can predict the deformation behavior of the structure relatively well.
Dynamic Centrifuge Modelling Tests for Asphalt Concrete Core Dam
Authors: Ren Guofeng , Gu Xingwen , Wang Nianxiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Dynamic centrifuge modelling tests are carried out to study the seismic behaviour of a sand-gravel dam with asphalt concrete core wall. The acceleration response, deformation, core wall stress and stability are analysed under design and check seismic intensity. The crest acceleration amplification factor is 2.7~3.0. The crest settlement rate is 0.442% and 0.481%, respectively under design and check intensity. Maximum seismic stress is recorded in core wall of 2/3~4/5 dam height. Under design intensity, failure cracks appear in crest and upstream dam revetment at water level. Under check intensity, more cracks are found. Furthermore, landslide occurs in upstream slope above 2/3 dam height under check intensity. Downstream slope is stable. No evident separation is observed between dam shell materials and core wall. The dam is unstable under design and check earthquake. Aseismic measures are necessary according to test results.
Seismic liquefaction evaluation of deposit soils under engineering loading or unloading conditions
Authors: Yang Yusheng , Liu Xiaosheng , Zhao Jianming , Zhou Jie , He Bing , Wang Long 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Engineering activities such as water conservancy and hydropower, water transportation and harbor and navigation often lead to loading or unloading conditions, which makes the stress state of overlay different before and after construction. Relevant codes in the field of water conservancy and hydropower projects recommend the linearization correction method based on stress equivalence expressed by buried depth, considering the influence of stress state of overlying soil on its liquefaction resistance under loading and unloading conditions. On the basis of demonstration and analysis, this paper points out that the linearization correction method based on stress equivalence expressed by buried depth will overestimate the anti-liquefaction ability of soil under engineering loading conditions, and the liquefied layer may be evaluated as non-liquefaction, which brings potential risks to the project. Under unloading conditions, the anti-liquefaction capacity of soil will be underestimated, and the non-liquefied layer may be evaluated as liquefaction, which will lead to the increase of foundation treatment cost. Aiming at the defect of linearization correction method based on stress equivalence expressed by buried depth, a new non-linearization correction method is proposed, which takes into account the influence of the stress state of overburden soil caused by loading and unloading of dams and other projects on its liquefaction resistance. This method can effectively avoid the potential danger or waste of investment caused by the miscalculation of the original formula.
Particle breakage of coral sand in direct shear test
Authors: Wang Weiguang , Li Wan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Due to its unique development environment and historical origin, coral sand often breaks up in the process of loading, which is quite different from ordinary siliceous land-based sand in mechanical properties. Therefore, it is of great significance to study coral sand. A particle analysis testwas conducted on the coral sand from a reef in the South China Sea to study its particle size distribution, and then direct shear tests were conducted to study the influence of two factors, namely relative compactness and vertical normal stress, on the crushing of coral sand particles. The results show that when the vertical normal stress is constant, the particle breakage rate increases with the increase of the relative compactness, and when the relative compactness is the same, the increase of the vertical normal stress level can further increase the crushing of coral sand particles.
Modalidentifícation of a building structure by frequency domain decomposition
Authors: Ma Jun , Luan Wei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Frequency domain decomposition (FDD) and Enhanced frequency domain decomposition(EFDD) methods were adopted to estimate modal parameters of an18-story reinforced concrete building. Ambient vibration test was conducted on the 18-story reinforced concrete building and the two modal identification methods above were applied. The results show that FDD and EFDD methods can estimate modal parameters accurately and effectively from ambient vibration data.
Statistical Analysis of Temporal Characteristics of Natural Runoff in Golmud River Basin
Authors: Zhen Yiwei , Liu Shuguang , Hu Zichen , Liang Jiyu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Based on the 45-year natural runoff time series from 1956 to 2000 of Golmud hydrological station, the control station of Golmud River basin, the inter-annual variation characteristics involving tendency, periodicity and abrupt change and intra-annual distribution of runoff were researched by using the linear tendency estimate method, cumulative departure method, Mann-Kendall method, Morlet wavelet analysis method, Yamamoto method and Pettitt method, combined with the analysis of annual average distribution process and complete adjustment coefficient. The results indicate that the overall inter-annual fluctuations of the runoff in the Golmud Basin are relatively small, and the overall annual runoff shows a significant increasing trend. After the abrupt change occurred in 1966, the runoff increased significantly. The variation of runoff has 3-year, 6-year and 18-year periods, and the 6-year period is especially obvious. Furthermore, there is a change rule of wet and dry with an 8-year alternation in the 18 years periodic variation. The intra-annual distribution of runoff is uneven, showing a “single peak” distribution, and the degree of unevenness tends to more concentrated.
Three-dimensional geonet ecological slope protection technology and its engineering application
Authors: De-yong Wang , Qing-jun Zun , Jing Wang , Wei-yuan Huang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
A protective structure system for slope with combination of vegetation and 3D geonet network was established. First the mechanism and ecological effects of slope protection with vegetation technology in slope engineering were discussed. Then specific implementation steps were proposed. Taking a slope ecological restoration project as an example, herbaceous plants suitable for slope protection were compared and tested, long term monitoring shows that the slope plants grow well, the protection effect of the new branches and roots were obvious, the stability of the slope was enhanced under comprehensive protection measures.
Semi-analytical solutions to consolidation for unsaturated soils by vertical drains under arbitrary time-dependent loading
Authors: Qin Aifang , Jiang Lianghua , Li Tianyi , Xu Weifang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This paper presents general semi-analytical solutions to equal strain consolidation for unsaturated soil layer by vertical drains, and the well resistance is considered. Firstly, the coupled governing equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by Laplace transform and introducing two new variables, and combined with boundary conditions to obtain solutions. On this basis, the semi-analytical solutions in the time domain are achieved by performing inverse Laplace transform with Crump’s method. Secondly, the correctness of the semi-analytical solutions are verified by comparison with the existing analytical solutions of radial consolidation for unsaturated soils under constant loading. Finally, the effect of well resistance factor, permeability coefficient ratio ka/kw
and load parameter on the average degree of consolidation was analyzed under exponential loading.
The statistical distribution of curvatures of natural rivers meanders
Authors: Feng Jun , Li Kai , Ma Liang , Tian Yu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The rivers meanders are the most common form of natural rivers. In this paper, the shapes of meanders may be characterized in terms of the statistical distribution of curvatures measured along their contours. Deviation degree and span are proposed, in which deviation degree represents the closure degree of the bend and span represents the roundness degree or even degree of curvature distribution of the bend. Using these two indicators, we can effectively distinguish the state of the development of the river bend and thus determine different river regulation schemes. Finally, the method of deducing the reliable curvature of the bend from the satellite pictures of the river is discussed.
Study on Seismic Behaviour of Cold Formed Steel Structure Based on Simplified Mechanical Model
Authors: Liu Lei , Yao Yong , Chu Yunpeng , Liu Jiqiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Cold-formed thin-walled steel buildings adopt the process of layered assembly, which is easy to disassemble and assemble and conforms to the requirements of industrial construction. But there is no clear method of seismic design. Taking a cold-formed thin-walled light steel structure house in Dazhou city as an example, the Pivot connection unit that can characterize the structural damage and the finite element software SAP2000 are used to establish a model, then this model is used to analyse the basic dynamic characteristics of structures and to analyze the time-history response of structures under seismic action. The results show that the simplified modeling analysis of the structure has a strong feasibility, and the lateral stiffness of the structure can resist the action of multiple earthquakes. Under the action of rare earthquake, the displacement between the layers of the structure is lower than the limit of the code, and the hysteretic performance of the structure is good, which can ensure the safety and reliability of the structure.
Analysis of slope stability considering the mechanism of the bolt-beam-root pile composite retaining structure
Authors: Hong Zhang Yan , Bin Sun , Chavez Torres Jose Luis 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This project focuses on the development of a new type of retaining structure, namely Bolt-Beam-Pile Composite Retaining Structure. The proposed structure is a technical and economically feasible method enhancing the slope stability. A parameter sensitivity analysis carried out to evaluate the behavior of the structure under different scenarios, and the variation of the soil parameters. Finite element method was utilized to stimulate the model and perform the analyses. The results demonstrated that, compared with other three typical retaining structures the new Composite Retaining Structure has larger safety factor and smaller displacement.
Research Status of 1-D Soil Layers Seismic Response
Authors: Bingbing Liu , Haiyun Wang , Weiping Jiang , Xu Zhang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The local site effect of vibration propagation during earthquakes is usually considered by one-dimensional site response analysis, while the ground motion of the site is the result of the combined effect of the source, the propagation path and the local site conditions. In the study, the influence of ground motion input, soil layer properties and analysis methods need to be considered. Based on a large number of related literatures, this paper briefly summarizes the research status of seismic response of one-dimensional soil layer sites through the determination of bedrock ground motions, soil dynamic constitutive models, and analysis methods. In the future, the development of seismic response of soil sites is prospected and summarized.
Study on strength and durability of fair-faced concrete in underground station of urban rail transit
Authors: Ding Sheng , Wang Weixing , Yang Xuanming , Wang Shuxian , Chen Li 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Concrete is still in the developing stage in China, only some design and construction units can master its construction technology. The side walls and middle columns of underground station of Changzhou Metro Line 2 are made of fair-faced concrete. In this paper, the material properties of the underground station are studied based on the project. In this paper, the working performance, compressive strength, impermeability, sulfate corrosion and carbonization resistance of fair-faced concrete are mainly studied by drawing up the base mix ratio. The research results have reference value for the future development of fair-faced concrete engineering.
Research on optimal operation of Chaohu Lake Based on the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm
Authors: Li Kai , Xun Jijun , Wang Yongqiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
There is a shortage of water resources in the Huaihe River area. With the development of the economy and society, the shortage of water resources is becoming more and more serious. Among them, the Yangtze to Hauihe Water Division is a strategic backbone project to solve the contradiction between water supply and demand in the Huaihe River Basin and the Jianghuai Water Shortage Area, which can improve the water resources allocation capacity in the basin. Chaohu Lake is an important storage place for the Yangtze to Hauihe Water Division. This paper takes the Chaohu optimal operation of the Yangtze to Hauihe Water Division as an example and uses the partical swarm optimization algorithm to solve the problem. When P=95%, through the comparison of conventional operation, after the optimal operation, the water diversion was reduced by 0.071 billion m3. When P=50%, through the comparison of conventional operation, after the optimal operation, the water diversion was reduced by 0.03 billion m3. The results show that the optimal operation can reduce the water diversion of the Yangtze to Hauihe Water Division River project more effectively.