bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of Fly Ash/(Polystyrene/Low-Density Polyethylene) Composites
Authors: Nasr Gamal , Mohamed Taqwa , Khalil Rania 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
By using the melt mixing method, polystyrene (PS), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and a PS/LDPE blend have been prepared. Fly ash was used as filler embedded in the PS/LDPE blend to form composites. The dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed that the storage modulus (E′) decreases as the temperature increases. E′ increases clearly with fly ash loading, and the maximum E′ value was found for the composite loaded with 30 % fly ash content. The mean-field theory developed by Kerner was used to predict the dynamic mechanical properties of the composites from their pure components. A good agreement was investigated between the deduced theoretical values via iteration method and the experimental results. The dielectric constant (ε′), dielectric loss, and dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) have been measured at different constant frequencies. The ε′ and tan δ commence to decrease by increasing the applied frequency.
Metformin use is associated with a lower risk of osteoporosis/vertebral fracture in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tseng Chin-Hsiao 
Published: December 2020

Objectives
To investigate the metformin effect on the risk of osteoporosis (OS) and/or vertebral fracture (VF).

Methods
We enrolled 14 611 pairs of metformin ever and never users matched on propensity score (PS) from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance database. All patients had new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) during 1999–2005 and were free from OS and/or any fracture at the start of follow-up on January 1, 2006. They were followed up until December 31, 2011 for the incidence of OS/VF. Cox regression incorporated with the inverse probability of treatment weighting using PS was used in the main analyses.

Results
New-onset OS/VF was diagnosed in 1757 never users (median follow-up 5.0 years) and 1143 ever users (median follow-up 5.3 years). The respective incidence rates were 2870.97 and 1713.20 per 100 000 person-years. Two-thirds of the incident cases had OS without VF and the other third had VF. In main analyses, the hazard ratio for ever vs never users was 0.592 (95% CI: 0.550–0.638). In either sex, a dose–response pattern was noted and metformin therapy > 2 years was consistently associated with a lower risk. The protective effect attenuated with increasing age but remained significant in patients aged ≥ 80 years. In sensitivity analyses, metformin significantly reduced the risk of both OS and VF (with or without a prior OS) by 30–40%. Additional analyses showed a null association for other antidiabetic drugs, but significant interactions between metformin and insulin, sulfonylurea and pioglitazone, respectively, were noted.

Conclusion
Metformin use is associated with a lower risk of OS/VF.
Características morfofuncionales de una muestra de futbolistas profesionales chilenos de primera B según posición de juego
Authors: Velásquez-González Hugo , Peña-Troncoso Sebastián Enrique , Hernández-Mosqueira Claudio , Cresp Barría Mauricio , Espinoza Cortez José Antonio 
Published: December 2020

Objective: to analyze the morphofunctional profile of Chilean professional soccer players according to their playing position. Method: the study design was non-experimental, with a descriptive-correlational scope. Twenty-nine professional soccer players belonging to the Valdivia Sports Club of Chile were evaluated. Fat percentage was established by measuring four skin folds and applying the Durnin and Womersley equation. For the physical variables, the maximum squat repetition test was applied, and the Brzycki method was used to project the maximum force in one repetition. In explosive force, the Bosco Test was performed; this test evaluates the squat jump (SJ). The level 1 recovery Yoyo Test was used for the aerobic resistance, with heart rate (HR) measurement at the end and in recovery (1 minute). Results: Only significant differences in height are observed between goalkeepers and midfielders (F = 4.491; p = 0.012); this implies that age, weight, and Σ4 folds do not affect in the playing position. Conclusions: it is observed that, in each game position, the players present a different morphofunctional configuration, which allows inferring that the work must be differentiated.
Herencia Institucional y desarrollo
Authors: Rodríguez-Soto Jorge 
Published: December 2020

El objetivo de este artículo se centra en estudiar la relación histórica institucional de un grupo de países seleccionados y su estadio de desarrollo. Se parte de la premisa de que el proceso del desarrollo institucional debe ser comprendido como un continuo devenir, no como algo futuro, no como algo concluido. Losfenómenos observados hoy son resultado de su continua evolución, su pasado e historia. Desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX al presente suele simplificarse el desarrollo institucional en prescripciones de política y transformaciones institucionales que obvian la complejidad del proceso. Para abordar este planteamiento, metodológicamente se proponen cuatro categorías de análisis, a saber: países protestantes, católicos, colonias católicas subdivididas en españolas y francesas, y “nuevas Europas”. Estas se comparan a través de tres indicadores que son: el índice del desarrollo humano, la tasa de crecimiento del producto interno bruto, y el ranking de doing business. Este artículo demuestra cómo el desarrollo histórico de los países puede determinar la institucionalidad que poseen en el presente y su desempeño, tomando en consideración los antecedentes de la Edad Media y los inicios de la modernidad en el siglo XVI. Este concluye que las herencias institucionales se hacen patentes de facto en los resultados presentes de varias economías, y que deberían ser tomadas en cuenta a la hora de planear e implementar política pública.
Tabanidae (Diptera) of Peru: checklist update and description of three new species
Authors: Henriques Augusto Loureiro , Krolow Tiago Kütter 
Published: December 2020

We provide an update to the list of the species of Tabanidae known from Peru, along with descriptions of three new species: Diachlorus tenuimaculatus n. sp., Stenotabanus (Stenotabanus) carrascoi n. sp. and Stenotabanus (Stenotabanus) chaineyi n. sp., bringing to 233 the species of Tabanidae now known from Peru.
________________________________________________________________Publicación registrada en Zoobank/ZooBank article registered:LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:405FCB11-B80B-459A-B7EB-F3E3F7584070Acto nomenclatural/nomenclatural act:Diachlorus tenuimaculatus Henriques & Krolow, 2020LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B3AC891B-5D06-4299-987B-A8E64F7BED8EActo nomenclatural/nomenclatural act:Stenotabanus carrascoi Henriques & Krolow, 2020LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2E008A63-C2B1-4187-AD36-AE183C360E34Acto nomenclatural/nomenclatural act:Stenotabanus chaineyi Henriques & Krolow, 2020LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CCCE2364-1971-4E1F-8E89-E1B120A95BFF________________________________________________________________
From Medicus Philosophus to Medicus Religiosus, Or Why Wasn’t Medical Education Installed at the Vilnius Jesuit Academy
Authors: Pociūtė Dainora 
Published: December 2020

The article deals with the absence of medical studies at the Vilnius Jesuit Academy. The question in the historiography is linked rather with the local peculiarities than the Jesuit attitude toward medicine in particular. Some attempts to establish medical studies in Vilnius during the 16th and 17th centuries are discussed in the context of Early-modern Jesuit universities that forbade Jesuits to involve themselves in academic medicine. The exclusion of medicine from Jesuit schools is analyzed as an intentional dissociation from the rise of the learned medicine and early modern philosophical tendencies of the medicalization of the soul. Jesuits also introduced the pattern of medicus religiosus instead of medicus philosophus, which represented their image of medical practitioner.
CRUDE OIL TOXICITY TOLERANCE OF HYDROCARBONOCLASTIC STRAIN OF Citrobacter amalonaticus -Y2ESW1 ISOLATED FROM ESTUARINE SEDIMENT IN THE NIGER DELTA OF NIGERIA
Authors: Nkanang Abigail Johnny , Antai Sylvester , Asitok Atim 
Published: December 2020

Crude oil toxicity possess a major threat to the aquatic ecosystem in the Niger Delta. This study investigated the inherent tolerability potential of hydrocarbon degrading strain of Citrobacter amalonaticus - Y2ESWS1 to crude oil toxicity. Sediment samples were obtained from selected locations and subjected to bacteriological analysis using standard methods. Bacterial identification result revealed taxonomic group of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria species including Citrobacter amalonaticus strain Y2ESWS1. Toxicity testing revealed that the toxicant concentration and exposure time were key variables that mediated toxicity. A second-order polynomial regression model revealed significant (P<0.05, 0.01; R2=0.9852) relationship between exposure time and bacterial growth at 20% crude oil. Citrobacter amalonaticus strain - Y2ESWS1 was tolerant to crude oil toxicant concentrations as was evidenced in its prolonged acclimation periods. In this study the toxicity of pollutants to bacteria cultures (Citrobacter amalonaticus strain Y2ESW1,) was highly dependent on the concentration of the toxicants. The bacterial proliferation was hindered by 20% toxicant. It is a pointer to its poor activity when exposed to hydrocarbon however it can be used in a consortium with other microbes including potent degraders to achieve enhanced degradation of contaminated site.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF RHIZOBACTERIA FROM MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) IN LUVISOLS AND DOCUMENTATION THEIR PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING TRAITS
Authors: Javorekova Sona , Cinkocki Renata , Maková Jana , Hricáková Nikola 
Published: December 2020

There is a growing interest in the issue of inoculation of rhizobacteria into the agricultural soil because this group of bacteria can increase productivity and quality of agriculturally important crop and contributes to the stability of agroecosystems. The aim of our work was to isolate and characterize of plant growth promoting traits (production of IAA, siderophores, phosphate solubilisation, antifungal activity) of rhizobacteria belonging to a group of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), and isolated from rhizosphere of maize (Zea mays L.) in luvisols. Quantitative representation of rhizobacteria of maize was 7.4 . 106 CFU.g-1 dry soil. A total of eleven species of maize rhizosphere where isolated and confirmed as PGPR in vitro. The all isolates showed positive indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production ranging between 1.39 and 15.74 µg.ml-1. Seven strains (63.6 %) has been shown with low and 1 strain with intermediate solubilisation index of phosphates and the positive production of siderophores showed 7 isolates (63, 6 %). Except for the isolate KmiJP17B089, all others inhibited the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizoctonia solani by more than 50 %. In the case of Fusarium graminearum, on the other hand, we observed a very low inhibitory activity. The most active in observed traits were three isolates identified by the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and NCBI database using the BLAST resource as Bacillus altitudinis strain KmiJP17B089, Bacillus aryabhattai strain KmiJP17B090 and Bacillus megaterium strain KmiJP17B091. These results suggest the possibility to tested in vivo these Bacillus species as potential biological fertilizer to increase maize production.
Related trade variety, foreign-domestic spillovers and regional employment in Hungary
Authors: Elekes Zoltán , Lengyel Balázs 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the role of extra-regional capabilities in regional economic development in a Central and Eastern European context. This is done by analysing the association between the related variety of manufacturing import and export of domestic- and foreign-owned firms on the one hand, and regional employment in manufacturing export on the other. By means of a panel regression framework applied to the Hungarian microregions between 2000 and 2011, we find that domestic firms, in particular, benefit from the related variety of export activities in the regions, while import related to existing export activities is beneficial amongst both foreign and domestic firms. Furthermore, bridging the technological gap between foreign companies and the host economy requires stronger technological relatedness, unless domestic firms have experience in importing.
Food quality attributes of melon (Cucumis melo L.) influenced by grafting
Authors: Németh Dzsenifer , Balázs Gábor , Bodor Zsanett , Zaukuu John-Lewis Zinia , Kovács Zoltán , Kappel Noémi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMelon (Cucumis meloL.) is an important and valuable vegetable crop that nowadays has a 550ha cultivation area in Hungary. The use of grafting for cucurbits is a growing technique of interest to the food industry. Nevertheless, for melons the practice of grafting is not widespread, in contrast grafted seedlings are widely used by the watermelon growers. On the other hand, it should be mentioned that the food quality attributes can change, due to the grafting. Globally there are not many scientific articles available in this topic. The goal of our study is to provide a systematic review of literature with emphasis on the influence of grafting on melon fruit quality variations and the major advantages of this technique. Over the last few years, the near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and electronic tongue method became popular to measure food attributes.
Examination of milling technological properties of different wheat varieties
Authors: Magyar Zoltán , Véha Antal , Szabó Balázs P. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn milling industry, the object of milling is to separate endosperm and bran parts of wheat, and to recover flour. The most important and the highest energy requirement operation is grinding. The quantity and quality of flour depends on: the variety of wheat that will be milled, the type of grinding equipment and the condition used before the grinding. During our experiments two different grain structured varieties of wheat were milled in laboratory conditions with disk, stone grinder and roller miller in air-dry, and conditioned states. The performance of the equipment and the particle size distribution (PSD) of the produced grist were measured, then the energy requirements of the grinders were calculated. In the milling experiments the ash contents of the different particle sized fractions were compared to map particular properties of wheat cultivars.
Quality maintenance of broccoli by the use of 1-MCP treatments
Authors: Zsom Tamás , Polgári Petra , Le Nguyen Lien Phuong , Hitka Géza , Zsom-Muha Viktória 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBroccoli's high perishability and its sensitivity to negative quality changes (i.e., mass loss, ethylene induced degreening, abscission of leaves, and florets) generates quality problems during postharvest. Freshly harvested samples were stored at 5 and 21 °C after separately treated for 24 h with 625 ppb 1-methyl-cyclopropene (1-MCP), 24 h with 2 ppm ethylene and 1-MCP followed by ethylene. Quality maintenance effectivity of 1-MCP was investigated during cold and room storage by non-destructive optical methods (chlorophyll fluorescence and DA-index®) and by the evaluation of the visual physiological symptoms. The highly positive effects of 1-MCP treatment combined with cold storage were obviously proven on quality maintenance providing better retention of initial quality related to the initial mature green stage as chlorophyll content related DA-index®; Fm, Fv, Fv/Fm, and Fm/F0 chlorophyll fluorescence values. From the practical point of view, the rapid, and easy-to-use Sintéleia FRM01-F Vis/NIR DA-meter® could be applied relatively easy for the quality measurement of broccoli. The reproducibility of quality determination could be increased by the enhanced number of measuring points or using computer aided imaging methods (i.e., chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, machine vision system) providing global and more reliable information about quality changes.
Acoustic investigation of chocolate by changing temperature and cocoa content
Authors: Badak-Kerti Katalin , Zsom-Muha Viktória , Zsom Tamás , Nagy Dávid , Felföldi József 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn the experiments, the sound generated during the breaking of chocolate samples was examined. The fracture was performed by a precision penetrometer, the breaking sound was recorded. Texture index (TI) was calculated from the resulting signal. First the change of the resulting TI was monitored as a function of the samples' temperature. The sample groups of the same dark chocolate with different temperatures were completely separated from each other with statistical tool (LDA, linear discriminant analyses), but no trend was found to describe the change. Secondly, based on the TI, we could identify and classify the chocolate samples in the appropriate groups (based on cocoa content from 40 to 85%). According to linear discriminant analyses chocolates with different cocoa content were completely separated and showed a certain pattern. Based on the obtained results, it can be stated that the cocoa content of chocolate can be determined on the basis of TI obtained by acoustic method.
Dielectrical properties of Hungarian acacia honeys
Authors: Vozáry Eszter , Ignácz Kinga , Gillay Bíborka 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe statement of overheating of honey during the processing is important in quality characterization of honey products. Four Hungarian acacia honeys were heated up to 35, 40, 50, 60, and 80 °C and held in water bath for 0.5, 4 and 24 h. The electrical impedance spectrum of honeys before and after heating at room temperature (22 °C) were measured with precision LCR meters in frequency range from 30 Hz up to 30 MHz at 1 V voltage with Ag/AgCl electrodes. The spectra after open-short correction were approached with a circuit model consisting of a serial connection of two distributed elements and a resistance. The model parameters were determined. One of the resistance parameters can be used for detecting the previous heating of honey after detailed investigation of the recrystallization process following the heating. The complex electrical permittivity also was determined in the frequency range from 1 MHz up to 3 GHz.
Colour of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) accessions influenced by the length of cold storage •
Authors: Somogyi E. , Lázár J. , Bodor P. , Kaszab T. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractColour is one of the most important phenotypic characters of the table grape cultivars, which has high importance in the consumer's preference. This morphological trait is variable and not consistently uniform within a cultivar or even a bunch. Between harvest and consumption fruits are stored for several weeks which time is influencing the colour of the berry. In this study 10 grapevine accessions (Agaphante, KM98, Korai piros veltelini, Korona, Pinot gris, Pozsonyi, Ros de Minis, Tramini piros, T9, Zenit) were collected from the germplasm collection of the Research Institute for Viticulture and Oenology of the National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre of Kecskemét. The samples were investigated by ColorLite Sph850 spectrophotometer. The colour of 30 berries per accessions were measured in 3 replicates per berry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the colour and the effect of cold storage. L✻, a✻, b✻values of each accessions were evaluated after the sampling and until a visible reduction in the quality of the grapes, at most 4 weeks with 1-week intervals from the harvest. Results showed that there is a significant difference among the cultivars in the L∗, a∗, b∗ values. The length of cold storage also has a significant effect on the colour of the accessions as the values are changing in some cases of the 1-week storage period.
In vitro antimicrobial activity of plant active components against Pseudomonas lundensis and Listeria monocytogenes
Authors: Hussein Khabat Noori , Molnár Tímea , Pinter Richard , Toth Adrienn , Ayari Emna , Friedrich Laszlo , Dalmadi Istvan , Kiskó Gabriella 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis work aimed to study the antimicrobial activity of eight various components of plant origin on the growth of Pseudomonas lundensis and Listeria monocytogenes. Different in vitro methods were used: agar plate diffusion, micro atmosphere, agar hole diffusion, micro-dilution, and gradient-plate method. In the first agar plate assay, p-cymene and γ-terpinene did not inhibit the growth of the tested bacteria therefore they were not used in further experiments. Both α-pinene and limonene were only partially effective, but these were screened only for their partial inhibition. The other four components completely inhibited the growth of the tested bacteria. Using the agar-well diffusion method showed that carvacrol and thymol were found to be the most effective active components, thymol had minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) at 1.563 mg/mL, however, in the case of carvacrol, MIC was 7.813 μL/mL. Additionally, eugenol and camphor show the same results but in higher concentrations. Gradient plate method was used to determine MIC values, in which it has been proved that carvacrol and thymol possess strong antimicrobial activity, no growth of tested bacteria was observed with carvacrol (100 μL/mL), while thymol exhibited MIC of 1.887 mg/mL against P. lundensis and 0.943 mg/mL needed to show complete inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes. Further experiments are needed to determine the optimum concentrations of the active components against P. lundensis and L. monocytogenes.
Nondestructive detection of low temperature induced stress on postharvest quality of kápia type sweet pepper
Authors: Zsom Tamás , Zsom-Muha Viktória , Le Nguyen Lien Phuong , Nagy Dávid , Hitka Géza , Polgári Petra , Baranyai László 
Published: December 2020

AbstractApplication of cold storage temperatures below optimum induces a high risk and threat of chilling injury (CI) in the case of sensitive commodities. Sweet pepper belongs to this group of vegetables, so our main objective was to investigate and monitor the effect of non-optimal temperatures (2.5 and 5 °C) induced stress (chilling injury) on kápia type sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) during its postharvest storage by nondestructive quality measuring methods. Fresh, semi-matured (reddish-green colored) samples of ‘Kapitány F1’ cultivar were stored at 2.5, 5 and 10 °C for 7 d followed by 7 d shelf-life. Nondestructive texture measurements were carried out by a purpose built tabletop acoustic stiffness device. Surface color and chlorophyll content related quality indices were evaluated by a chroma meter, a DA-meter® and a chlorophyll fluorescence imaging system. High resolution digital pictures were captured and analyzed for possible CI defects by means of surface color values (normalized RGB, hue and saturation). According to our results, the evaluated quality indices (DA-index®, acoustic stiffness coefficient, surface color parameters; F0, Fm, Fv and Fv/Fm chlorophyll fluorescence parameters) clearly represented the temperature dependent quality changes during low temperature storage, subsequently followed by ambient shelf-life. Samples stored under and at 5 °C showed the chilling temperature stressed symptoms of delayed and partly retarded postharvest ripening, even under simulated shelf-life conditions, but without the onset and manifestation of the characteristic visible symptoms of chilling injury. This may raise doubts and suggest possible future research areas regarding the role of non-optimal cold storage temperatures induced stress, the effect of chilling injury contributing factors and consequences.