bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional cerebral hypoperfusion as a cause of symptoms and progression of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Prakhova L. N. , Ilves A. G. , Savintseva Z. I. , Kuznetsova N. M. , Rubanik K. S , Kataeva G. V. 
Published: February 2020

Background. Neurodegenerative processes play an important role in the development of clinical features of multiple sclerosis (MS) as well as in the progression of the disease. At the same time, neurodegenerative mechanisms of MS are not completely clear, which makes researchers pay special attention to pathogenetic aspects of the disease that have not been studied before. Previously it was shown that MS patients can have alterations in the local cerebral blood flow, however, the meaning of the detected abnormalities is still not clear.The aim of our workis to evaluate the perfusion character in the demyelinating lesions and normalappearing brain structures, and to determine their relation to clinical features of MS.Material and methods. 49 patients with relapsing-remitting and secondary progressive MS with clinical and MRI remission were included in the study. The patients underwent contrast-enhanced MR perfusion of the brain on the 3 Tesla MR-tomograph, as well as the Functional System Score, Expanded Disability Status Score and Fatigue Status Score evaluation. The data analysis included automatic construction of perfusion maps of the cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF) and mean transit time (MTT) values in the normal-appearing brain structures and in the demyelinating lesions and statistical analysis.Results. The received results allow to presume that variation of CBV values in MS lesions can indicate heterogeneity of processes in these lesions – from reactivation of inflammation to remyelination.Significant reduction of perfusion in nucleus lenticularis was revealed. This reduction did not depend on the severity of the disease and correlated negatively with the fatigue score. This allows to suppose that the therapy focused on brain perfusion improvement can be used as symptomatic therapy of MS. Considering the fact that regional hypoperfusion precedes the development of brain structure atrophy, it is hypothesized that the improvement of perfusion may prevent neurodegeneration in MS. The obtained findings need further investigation.
Relationship of actual nutrition with estimates of the cognitive function of the population of Novosibirsk
Authors: Kuntsevich A. K. , Shishkin S. V. , Verevkin E. G. , Mustafina S. V. , Rymar O. D. 
Published: February 2020

Objective.To study in cross-sectional research the association of actual nutrition with estimates of cognitive function (CF) in the population of men and women of middle and older age (45–69 years).Materials and methods. The study was conducted in the framework of the international project HAPIEE on a random subsample (2,159 men, 2,525 women) of residents of Novosibirsk. Evaluation of CF was carried out using standard methods (test for direct reproduction of 10 words, test for speech activity (associative thinking) and test for delayed reproduction). Nutrition data was obtained from population surveys in the HAPIEE project using a questionnaire to assess the frequency of food consumption. Statistical data processing was performed using the SPSS 13.0 application package. The GLM procedure was used, allowing to take into account the influence of related factors. Differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results. The presence of a significant correlation between the actual nutrition with standardization by age, body mass index and level of education with CF estimates was found. It has been shown that higher consumption of fruits and vegetables was significantly associated with higher scores in both men and women. Women, unlike men, also showed significantly higher CF estimates for consumption of rice, meat products and dairy products. In addition, there was a negative association of CF with the consumption of a number of products. Men showed a significant decrease in the estimates of CF with the consumption of sugar and fats; in women, in the consumption of white bread, sugar and fat.Conclusion: the results of our study showed the presence of a significant association of CF estimates with the level of consumption of a number of products, both positive and negative, in middle-aged and older people. These data may be useful in the development of nutritional recommendations for the prevention of violations of CF.
Cytoarchitectonic features of the neocortex, archicortex and amygdala of white rats after a 20-minute occlusion of the common carotid arteries
Authors: Akulinin V. A. , Avdeev D. B. , Stepanov A. S. , Gorbunova A. V. , Stepanov S. S. , Tsuskman I. G. 
Published: February 2020

Purpose. The study is focused on glioarchitectonics of the neocortex, archicortex and amygdala of Wistar white rats in normal state and after a 20-minute occlusion of the common carotid arteries.Materials and methods. Light (stained with hematoxylin and eosin) microscopy, immunohistochemistry (GFAP), and morphometry were used to study the distribution, shape, and area of GFAP-immunopositive brain cells in the normal range (n = 5) and at days 1, 3, 7, 14, 30 (n = 25) after acute ischemia.Results. Focal changes were found in the density of the glial network: decrease and increase in the local content of GFAP-positive material. Reactive, dystrophic and necrobiotic changes in neurons after acute ischemia were accompanied by reorganization of neuroglia and increase in the neuroglia index in certain zones by 1.2–1.5 times. The surface area of the particles in GFAP-positive astrocytes in sections of the neocortex in the control was 8.4–18.1, but after 3 days after ischemia this rate in some parts of the neocortex rose to 45.0–59.3%. In the hippocampus this rate was 8.1% and 16.2%, and in the amygdala it was 12.6% and 21.2%. Hypertrophy of mature astrocytes was manifested by the increase in the diameter, degree of branching and length of their processes.Conclusion. The obtained data are considered as a phenomenon of ischemic preconditioning and activation of protective processes in neuro-glio-vascular microcomplexes.
A Cross-Sectional Study of Job Burnout, Psychological Attachment, and the Career Calling of Chinese Doctors
Authors: Zhang Shu'e , Wang Jinghui , Xie Fengzhe , Yin Dong , Shi Yu , Zhang Min , Yin Hongyan , Li Fujun , Yang Libin , Cao Depin , Sun Tao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The main objectives of this study were as follows: (1) evaluate the prevalence of burnout syndrome among doctors, (2) establish associations with demographic factors in China, and (3) examine the mediating role of psychological attachment in the relationship between job burnout and career calling. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted by administering an online questionnaire in May 2016. The survey was performed across Thirty provinces. In total,A total of 3,016 Chinese doctors were selected as participants, of which 2,617 completed valid questionnaires (effective response rate: 86.77%). Results : The overall prevalence of burnout symptoms among Chinese doctors was 85.79%. Little variance was reported for burnout symptoms according to age ( Wald c 2 = 6.843, P < 0.05, OR <1 ), professional title ( Wald c 2 = 13.110, P < 0.05, OR > 1), and daily working hours ( Wald c 2 = 7.226, P < 0.05, OR > 1). However, the burnout of Chinese doctors was found to be associated with psychological attachment ( B = -0.6433, P < 0.0001) and career calling ( B = 0.3653, P < 0.0001); furthermore, psychological attachment ( B = 0.2350, P < 0.001) mediated the relationship between job burnout and career calling. Conclusion : Burnout symptoms among Chinese doctors were prevalent and associated with age, professional title, and long working hours. Chinese doctors aged 20-30 experienced a much higher level of burnout symptoms. The longer hours doctors worked, the more likely they were at risk of burnout symptoms, especially among attending physicians. Doctors who endured high-level burnout tended to exhibit decreasing psychological attachment, which threatened their sense of career calling. Finally, this paper proposed related explanations for the function mechanisms based on both theoretical and practical perspectives.
Nursing staff’s evaluation of facilitators and barriers during implementation of wireless nurse call systems in residential care facilities. A cross-sectional study.
Authors: Dugstad Janne , Sundling Vibeke , Nilsen Etty R. , Eide Hilde 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Traditional nurse call systems used in residential care facilities rely on patients to summon assistance for routine or emergency needs. Wireless nurse call systems (WNCS) offer new affordances for persons unable to actively or consciously engage with the system, allowing detection of hazardous situations, prevention and timely treatment, as well as enhanced nurse workflows. This study aimed to explore facilitators and barriers of implementation of WNCSs in residential care facilities. Methods: The study had a cross-sectional descriptive design. We collected data from care providers (n=98) based on the Measurement Instrument for Determinants of Innovation (MIDI) framework in five Norwegian residential care facilities during the first year of WNCS implementation. The self-reporting MIDI questionnaire was adapted to the contexts. Descriptive statistics were used to explore participant characteristics and MIDI item and determinant scores. MIDI items to which ≥20% of participants disagreed/totally disagreed were regarded as barriers and items to which ≥80% of participants agreed/totally agreed were regarded as facilitators for implementation. Results: More facilitators (n=22) than barriers (n=6) were identified. The greatest facilitators, reported by 98% of the care providers, were the expected outcomes: the importance and probability of achieving prompt call responses and increased safety, and the normative belief of unit managers. During the implementation process, 87% became familiar with the systems, and 86% and 90%, respectively regarded themselves and their colleagues as competent users of the WNCS. The most salient barriers, reported by 37%, were their lack of prior knowledge and that they found the WNCS difficult to learn. No features of the technology were identified as barriers. Conclusions: Overall, the care providers gave a positive evaluation of the WNCS implementation. The barriers to implementation were addressed by training and practicing technological skills, facilitated by the influence and support by the manager and the colleagues within the residential care unit. WNCSs offer a range of advanced applications and services, and further research is needed as more WNCS functionalities are implemented into residential care services.
(Dis)concordance of comorbidity data and cancer status across administrative datasets, medical charts, and self-reports
Authors: Sheriffdeen Abdullah , Millar Jeremy , Martin Catherine , Evans Melanie , Tikellis Gabriella , Evans Susan 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Benchmarking outcomes across settings commonly requires risk-adjustment for co-morbidities that must be derived from extant sources that were designed for other purposes. A question arises as to the extent to which differing available sources for health data will be concordant when inferring the type and severity of co-morbidities, how close these are to the “truth”. We studied the level of concordance for same-patient comorbidity data extracted from administrative data (coded from International Classification of Diseases, Australian modification,10 th edition [ICD-10AM]), from the medical chart audit, and data self-reported by men with prostate cancer who had undergone a radical prostatectomy. Methods We included six hospitals (5 public and 1 private) contributing to the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Registry-Victoria (PCOR-Vic) in the study. We listed eligible patients from the PCOR-Vic who underwent a radical prostatectomy between January 2017 and April 2018 for the Health Information Manager in each hospital, who provided each patient’s associated ICD-10AM comorbidity codes. Medical charts were reviewed to extract comorbidities used to generate the Charlson Comorbidity Index. The self-reported comorbidity questionnaire (SCQ) was distributed through PCOR-Vic to eligible men. Results The percentage agreement between the administrative data, medical charts and self-reports ranged from 92% to 99% in the 122 patients (from 217 eligible participants, 56%), who responded to the questionnaire. The presence of comorbidities showed a poor level of agreement between data sources. Due to a variety of factors, certain conditions were recorded more than others. Conclusion Relying on a single data source to generate comorbidity indices for risk-modelling purposes may fail to capture the reality of a patient’s disease profile. There does not appear to be a ‘gold-standard’ data source for the collection of data on comorbidities.
Knowledge and practices regarding tuberculosis infection control among nurses in Ibadan, South-West Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Akande Patrick Aboh 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Nurses are particularly vulnerable to nosocomial tuberculosis (TB) infection because, being in the frontline of healthcare provision, they are frequently exposed to patients with infectious TB disease. Although cost-effective measures are available for TB infection control (TBIC), they are often poorly implemented. Knowledge of TBIC is known to positively influence the practice of the measures. There is, however, paucity of data on the knowledge and practices regarding TBIC among nurses in Nigeria. This study was aimed at determining the levels of TBIC-related knowledge and practices of nurses in Ibadan, and their associated socio-demographic factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized a self-administered questionnaire to collect data from 200 nurses in two secondary health facilities, in May 2014. The mean knowledge and practice scores of the nurses were determined and logistic regression was utilized to explore the association between the scores and socio-demographic characteristics. Results: The respondents had mean knowledge and practice scores of 68.2% and 79.9% respectively. Using cut-off points of 80% and 100% for good knowledge and practice scores respectively, small proportions of the nurses had good scores – knowledge (10.5%) and practice (6%). Knowledge was not significantly associated with the socio-demographic characteristics of the nurses. Work experience was the only factor that was significantly associated with practices, with the more experienced nurses (>18 years of work experience) having lower odds of obtaining good practice scores (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.06-0.94). There was also no significant association between knowledge and practice scores (the nurses were yet to be trained on the newly-introduced TBIC package at the time of the study). Conclusions: The study revealed that small proportions of the nurses had good knowledge and practice scores. Its findings will be useful for the designing of interventions to improve TBIC among nurses and other healthcare workers, and to benchmark evaluation of the interventions. It is recommended that nurses should be trained on TBIC to equip them with necessary knowledge and skills. This, together with appropriate policy directives, and adequate monitoring and supervision will contribute to optimal implementation of TB preventive measures.
MicroRNA-200b reduced ZEB1 to inhibit cell proliferation and migration in human gastric cancer
Authors: Chen He , Liu Pengcheng , Wang Lei , Yu Yanxia , Zhao Yan , Cai Yihong , Wang Zhongxin , Zhang Min 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND : Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant cancers, with high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. The present study was to explore whether miR-200b is a tumor suppressor in GC and to unveil the potential mechanisms.
METHODS: Levels of c-Myc, Cyclin D1, MMP-3 and MMP-9 expression were detected respectively by qRT-PCR and Western blot assay. BrdU proliferation assay, Cell cycle analysis, Wound-healing and Transwell assays were used to study the role of miR-200b with inhibitor, mimics or ZEB1-RNAi in TGF-β1-treated SGC-7901/DDP cells.
RESULTS : Compared with the paracancerous tissues, miR-200b was decreased in GC patients and SGC-7901/DDP cells. Lower level of miR-200b induced by its inhibitor promoted TGF-β1-treated SGC-7901/DDP cells proliferation and migration, and increased the levels of c-Myc, Cyclin D1, MMP-3, MMP-9, β-catenin and APC. Interestingly, miR-200b mimics and ZEB1-RNAi were able to reduce the proliferation and migration of TGF-β1-induced SGC-7901/DDP cells as well as their levels of c-Myc, Cyclin D1, MMP-3 MMP-9, β-catenin and APC. In addition, ZEB1 was indeed the potential target of miR-200b identified by dual luciferase reporter gene assay.
CONCLUSION : Taken together, our findings suggest that miR-200b be likely to play an important role in activating TGF-β1-induced SGC-7901/DDP cells and perform as a tumor suppressor by targeting ZEB1 in GC. What’s more, miR-200b may modulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in TGF-β1-induced SGC-7901/DDP cells.
Aberrant expression of PD-1 on B cells and its association with the clinical parameters of systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Lu Yang , Zhu Qingqing , Li Yun , Wang Qiyi , Jiang Chao , Li Zhijun , Wang Hongtao , Wang Yan , Zhang Wei , Wang Yuanyuan , Xie Changhao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Programmed death 1 (PD-1) is an immunoregulatory receptor that inhibits T cell activation and proliferation upon binding to its cognate ligand (PD-L1). However, the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in B cell function, especially in inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, is less clear. The aim of this study was to analyze the PD-1 expression patterns on multiple B cell subpopulations isolated from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, and determine their clinical relevance. Results: The frequency of B cells increased significantly in patients with active SLE compared with healthy controls and patients with inactive SLE. In particular, the frequencies of the IgD CD27 and IgD CD27high (plasmablast cells) subpopulations were significantly higher in the patients compared to healthy individuals. Interestingly, the patients with active SLE harbored an increased proportion of the PD-1+ B cells, which correlated significantly with the disease severity (SLEDAI scores), incidence of lupus nephritis, and the circulating levels of autoantibodies and complement factors. Furthermore, the primary PD-1+ B cells isolated from the peripheral blood of SLE patients proliferated faster and secreted more anti-dsDNA antibodies and immunoglobulins in vitro compared to the PD-1+/- B cells from healthy controls. Conclusions: PD-1 is overexpressed on all B cell subpopulations of SLE patients and associated with disease progression.
Genome wide association analysis on semen volume and milk yield using different strategies of imputation to whole genome sequence in French dairy goats
Authors: Talouarn Estelle , Bardou Philippe , Palhière Isabelle , Oget Claire , Clément Virginie , Tosser-Klopp Gwenola , Rupp Rachel , Robert-Granié Christèle 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Goats were domesticated 10,500 years ago to supply humans with useful resources. Since then, specialized breeds that are adapted to their local environment have been developed and display specific genetic profiles. The VarGoats project is a 1,000 genomes resequencing program designed to cover the genetic diversity of the Capra genus. In this study, our main objective was to assess the use of sequence data to detect genomic regions associated with traits of interest in French Alpine and Saanen breeds.
Results
Direct imputation from the GoatSNP50 BeadChip genotypes to sequence level was investigated in these breeds using FImpute and different reference panels: within-breed, all Capra hircus sequenced individuals, European goats and French mainland goats. The best results were obtained with the French goat panel with allele and genotype concordance rates reaching 0.86 and 0.75 in the Alpine and 0.86 and 0.73 in the Saanen breed respectively. Mean correlations tended to be low in both breeds due to the high proportion of variants with low frequencies.
For association analysis, imputation was performed using FImpute for 1,129 French Alpine and Saanen males using within-breed and French panels on 23,338,436 filtered variants. The association results of both imputation scenarios were then compared. In Saanen goats, a large region on chromosome 19 was significantly linked to semen volume and milk yield in both scenarios. Significant variants for milk yield were annotated for 91 genes on chromosome 19 in Saanen goats. For semen volume, the annotated genes include YBOX2 which is related to azoospermia or oligospermia in other species. New signals for milk yield were detected on chromosome 2 in Alpine goats and on chromosome 5 in Saanen goats when using a multi-breed panel.
Conclusion
Even with very small reference populations, an acceptable imputation quality can be achieved in French dairy goats. GWAS on imputed sequences confirmed the existence of QTLs and identified new regions of interest in dairy goats. Adding identified candidates to a genotyping array and sequencing more individuals might corroborate the involvement of identified regions while removing potential imputation errors.
Accuracy of intraocular lens power calculation using Scheimpflug tomography and OKULIX ray tracing software in corneal scarring
Authors: nabil karim Mahmoud 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the accuracy of intraocular lens power (IOL) calculation using Scheimpflug tomography and OKULIX ray tracing software in corneal scarring.
Methods: This study was conducted on 40 consecutive eyes, 20 cases with corneal scarring and coexisting cataract, and 20 controls with clear cornea, which underwent uneventful phacoemulsification and IOL implantation following Scheimpflug tomography and OKULIX ray tracing software and third generation IOL power calculation formulas for IOL power calculation. Accuracy of IOL power calculation was evaluated by subtracting expected and achieved spherical refraction 3 months postoperatively and was recorded as mean absolute error (MAE). Distance uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) for each eye was measured using Snellen chart preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively; visual acuity was scored and converted to the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMar).Values were recorded as mean ±SD (standard deviation). Student t-test (t) and Mann Whitney test (U) were used for parametric comparison of the means. Intra class Correlation (ICC) coefficient and Pearson correlation Coefficient (r) were used to assess agreement. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: In cases of corneal scarring, 20 eyes (100 %) yielded a postoperative spherical refraction which differed less than 1 diopter (D) from predicted, in 16 eyes (80 %) the postoperative spherical refraction was within 0.50 D from expected. The MAE was 0.2 D in cases, which did not differ significantly compared to controls (MAE 0.1 D). In corneal scarring cases, distance UCVA showed significant improvement from 1.3 Log Mar (Snellen equivalent 20/400) preoperatively to 0.5 Log Mar (Snellen equivalent 20/60) 3 months postoperatively.
Conclusion: Scheimpflug tomography combined with OKULIX ray tracing software for calculation of IOL power provides accurate results in cases of corneal scarring.