bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of influenza in hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection in Suzhou area from 2016 to 2019
Authors: Rao Xingyu , Chen Zhengrong , Dong Heting , Zhu Canhong , Yan Yongdong 
Published: May 2020

AbstractInfluenza is a contagious respiratory disease and risks public health in China, and it has caused wide public concern in recent years. Immunocompromised patients, such as children and elderly people, suffer more severe influenza complication and some extreme cases are even life threatening. To identify the influenza characteristics and its correlation with various climatic and environmental pollution factors, we collected the reported influenza epidemic of hospitalized children in Children's Hospital of Soochow University from 2016 to 2019. Our results show that the main influenza virus subtypes are A/H1N1, A/H3N2, B/BV, and B/BY. We also identified the characteristics of the prevalent influenza virus subtypes in different months, seasons, years, and patients' age. Of all the influenza infected patients, the most susceptible groups are children over 3 to 5 years of age, and more cases are reported in winter than other seasons. We also found that influenza is also highly correlated with climatic and environmental pollution factors, and the autoregressive integrated moving average model is employed for the short‐term influenza prediction in Suzhou city, which can provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza and public health decision‐making.
Prophylactic thoracic duct ligation is associated with poor prognosis and regional lymph node relapse in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Jun‐Ying , Liu Qian‐Wen , Zhang Shui‐Shen , Li Jin‐Bo , Yang Hong , Wen Jing , Fu Jian‐Hua 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe ligation of thoracic duct interrupts the normal lymphatic circulation. Whether the ligation of thoracic duct would affect tumor recurrence and patient survival is unclear.MethodsThe correlations between prophylactic thoracic duct ligation (PLG) and prognosis were examined in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Patients who received Ivor Lewis or McKeown esophagectomy with systemic lymph node dissection and R0 resection between 2003 and 2013 in Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer Center were included in the study.ResultsA total number of 473 and 462 were included in the PLG group and non‐prophylactic thoracic duct ligation (NPLG) group, respectively. The PLG group had a lower 5‐year survival rate (48.2% vs 61.6%, P < .001). After a 1:1 propensity score matching, 874 cases (437 pairs) were included and the survival analysis showed that PLG was associated with worse 5‐year cumulative survival of 48.6% vs 61.6% in those patients without ligation (P < .001). The multivariate analysis revealed that PLG was an independent factor for poor prognosis after esophagectomy (hazard ratio, HR = 1.56; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI, 1.26‐1.93, P < .001). Additionally, PLG was associated with regional lymph node relapse (P = .015).ConclusionsPLG should not be performed routinely if no sign of thoracic duct rupture or tumor invasion were identified.
Multimodality treatment including surgery for primary pulmonary sarcoma: Size does matter
Authors: Collaud Stéphane , Stork Theresa , Schildhaus Hans‐Ulrich , Pöttgen Christoph , Plönes Till , Valdivia Daniel , Zaatar Mohamed , Dirksen Uta , Bauer Sebastian , Aigner Clemens 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPrimary pulmonary sarcoma (PPS) accounts for less than 1.1% of all pulmonary tumors. Few outcome data are reported. We evaluated outcome and prognostic factors in our series.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent resection for PPS in our center from 2002 to 2018. Survival was calculated from the date of surgery until last follow‐up. Impact on survival of gender, type of lung resection, completeness of resection, grade, size, and TNM staging for lung cancer and soft tissue sarcoma (STS) was assessed.ResultsThirteen patients were included. Eight (61.5%) patients received neoadjuvant treatment. Median tumor size at diagnosis was 11.5 cm (1‐30 cm). Type of lung resection was wedge (n = 2, 15%), lobectomy (n = 4, 31%), intrapericardial (n = 3, 23%), and extrapleural pneumonectomies (n = 4, 31%). In‐hospital mortality was 8%. Overall 5‐year survival was 60%. Median disease‐free survival was 17 months. Tumor size was a predictor for survival (P = .02) and recurrence (P = .05). Gender (P = .04) and type of lung resection (P = .04) were predictors of survival. T stage for STS of trunk and extremity, and TNM stage for lung cancer were predictors for recurrence (P = .03 and P = .04, respectively).ConclusionSurgical resection within a multimodality therapy concept in highly selected patients can offer good long‐term outcome.
Clinical and genetic analysis of five Chinese patients with urea cycle disorders
Authors: Zheng Zhenzhu , Lin Yiming , Lin Weihua , Zhu Lin , Jiang Mengyi , Wang Wenjun , Fu Qingliu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe urea cycle plays a key role in preventing the accumulation of toxic nitrogenous waste products, including two essential enzymes: ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) and argininosuccinate lyase (ASL). Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) results from mutations in the OTC. Meanwhile, argininosuccinate lyase deficiency (ASLD) is caused by mutations in the ASL.MethodsBlood tandem mass spectrometric analysis and urea organic acidemia screening were performed on five Chinese cases, including three OTCD and two ASLD patients. Next‐generation sequencing was then used to make a definite diagnosis, and the related variants were validated by Sanger sequencing.ResultsThe five patients exhibited severe clinical symptoms, with abnormal biochemical analysis and amino acids profile. Genetic analysis revealed two variants [c.77G>A (p.Arg26Gln); c.116G>T (p.Gly39Val)] in the OTC, as well as two variants [c.1311T>G (p.Tyr437*); c.961T>A (p.Tyr321Asn)] in the ASL. Conservation analysis showed that the amino acids of the two novel mutations were highly conserved in different species and were predicted to be possibly damaging with several in silico prediction programs. 3D‐modeling analysis indicated that the two novel missense variants might result in modest distortions of the OTC and ASL protein structures, respectively.ConclusionsTwo novel variants expand the mutational spectrums of the OTC and ASL. All the results may contribute to a better understanding of the clinical course and genetic characteristics of patients with urea cycle disorders.
Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs use in patients with chronic kidney disease are often prescribed from different clinicians than those who diagnosed them
Authors: Imai Shungo , Momo Kenji , Kashiwagi Hitoshi , Miyai Takayuki , Sugawara Mitsuru , Takekuma Yoh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPurposeWhen prescribing nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for chronic kidney disease (CKD), patients' pathology and concomitant medications should be considered. In our pharmaceutical experience, NSAIDs are often prescribed by departments that are different from those that diagnosed CKD. That is, NSAIDs may be prescribed for patients without the advice of the clinicians who diagnosed them. In this study, we aimed to elucidate how frequently such cases occur.MethodsWe used the large health insurance claims database constructed by JMDC Inc., Tokyo. We evaluated the proportions of CKD diagnosis and NSAID prescription by different clinical departments and institutions.ResultsA total of 224 014 out‐patients were included in the analysis; they were divided into CKD (n = 1501) and non‐CKD groups (n = 222 513). The internal medicine departments diagnosed CKD most frequently (74.8% of the patients) and surgical departments rarely diagnosed CKD. However, the proportion of prescribed NSAIDs was high in other departments, especially surgical departments. In the CKD group, 50.4% of the patients received CKD diagnosis and NSAID prescription from different clinical departments; 72.8% of the patients received a diagnosis and prescription from different medical institutions.ConclusionOur study revealed that NSAIDs are often prescribed to patients with CKD from different clinicians than those who diagnosed them.
Registration of KUWNSr, a wheat stem rust nested association mapping population
Authors: Bajgain Prabin , Jin Yue , Tsilo Toi J. , Macharia Godwin K. , Reynolds Susan E. , Wanyera Ruth , Anderson James A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA spring wheat nested associated mapping (NAM) population, KUWNSr (Kenyan and U.S. wheat nested association mapping population for stem rust resistance), was developed at the University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA. KUWNSr (Reg. no. MP‐12, NSL 533796 MAP, experimental designation SrNAM) was primarily developed to genetically characterize stem rust resistance as the 10 male parents—nine Kenyan and one University of Minnesota wheat cultivars—exhibited medium to high adult plant resistance to African and North American races of the stem rust pathogen (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici). Each parent was crossed to the stem rust susceptible line LMPG‐6, and populations were developed via single‐seed descent. Aggregately, the resulting 10 populations, consisting of 852 recombinant inbred lines, formed the KUWNSr population. KUWNSr was evaluated in four environments: two in the United States and one each in Kenya and South Africa. A high‐density genetic map was developed using genotyping‐by‐sequencing, resulting in 11,221 single nucleotide polymorphism markers mapped to all 21 chromosomes. In addition to stem rust resistance, the population segregates for other disease resistance traits such as leaf and stripe rust and agronomic traits such as plant height, spike morphology, and days to heading. As one of the first wheat NAM populations developed, KUWNSr is a valuable resource for understanding the genetic architecture of wheat growth and development, morphology, and resistance or tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses.
Psychometric Properties of the Walking Impact Scale (Walk‐12) in Persons with Late Effects of Polio
Authors: Brogårdh Christina , Lexell Jan , Westergren Albert 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundMany persons with late effects of polio (LEoP) perceive walking limitations in everyday life. A common rating scale to assess walking limitations is the Walking Impact Scale (Walk‐12). However, there is limited knowledge about its psychometric properties.ObjectiveTo investigate the psychometric properties of Walk‐12 in persons with LEoP.DesignRasch model analysis of cross‐sectional data.SettingUniversity hospital.ParticipantsA total of 325 persons with LEoP (175 women; mean age 70 ± 10 years).Main Outcome MeasurementThe Walk‐12, comprising 12 items with five response categories ranging from 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely).MethodsData of Walk‐12 were collected by a postal survey. The Rasch model analysis was used to analyze unidimensionality of the scale, local dependency, targeting, hierarchical order of items, Differential Item Functioning (DIF), response category functioning, and reliability (Person Separation Index, PSI). Raw score transformation to interval measurements was also performed.ResultsThe analysis revealed that Walk‐12 was multidimensional and suffered from some local dependency. Targeting was compromised among persons with less and more walking limitations. Hierarchically, the most difficult item to perform was “running” and the easiest was “walking indoors with support”. There was a minor DIF for gender in one item (“support when walking outdoors”). Reliability was high (PSI = 0.94). Disordered response category thresholds were found for three items; when merging the middle response categories for these items model fit slightly improved and unidimensionality was achieved.ConclusionsThe Walk‐12, in its current version, does not fully meet the rigorous psychometric Rasch measurement standards in persons with LEoP. Further development of the scale is warranted, including merging response categories and complementing Walk‐12 with objective measures of gait in order to improve targeting. As these limitations can be considered minor, the current version of Walk‐12 can still be useful for research and clinical practice.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Substituent Controlled Photoluminescence and Chemosensing Properties of a Series of 2,2′‐(Arylenedivinylene)bis‐8‐hydroxyquinolines
Authors: Sehlangia Suman , Devi Manisha , Nayak Namyashree , Garg Neha , Dhir Abhimanew , Pradeep Chullikkattil P. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractA series of new π‐conjugated oligomeric compounds, 2,2′‐(arylenedivinylene)bis‐8‐hydroxyquinolines, having two vinylene‐8‐hydroxyquinoline moieties structured around a phenol ring, have been synthesized by the reaction of 8‐hydroxyquinaldine with aromatic dialdehydes. Crystal structure of one of the compounds has been described, which shows a twisted molecular geometry and interesting supramolecular interactions leading to a 2‐D sheet‐like structure in the crystal lattice. The photo‐luminescence properties analyses revealed that the fluorescence emission wavelengths of these compounds vary in the range 480–638 nm depending on the electronic effects of the substituents on the central phenol ring. These compounds were found to act as selective and sensitive fluorescence turn‐off chemosensors for Co2+ ions and the detection limits exhibited by these chemosensors varied in the range 15.00‐23.09 nM. Analytical application of these compounds for sensing cobalt from tap water in nanomolar levels is demonstrated. Preliminary investigations conducted using HeLa cells revealed their potential for sensing cobalt in biological systems.
Influence of sequential inoculum of Starmerella bacillaris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on flavonoid composition of monovarietal Sangiovese wines
Authors: Mangani Silvia , Buscioni Giacomo , Guerrini Simona , Granchi Lisa 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe selection of Starmerella bacillaris strains to be used with Saccharomyces cerevisiae as mixed cultures has been recently suggested in order to produce wines containing lower ethanol and higher glycerol concentrations and to promote fructose degradation due to their fructophilic character. However, studies about effects of such mixed starter cultures on phenolic compounds, which are responsible for the colour and health‐enhancing properties in red wines, are currently lacking. Therefore, in this work, the influence of sequential inoculated fermentation (SIF) with Starm. bacillaris and S. cerevisiae on phenolic content of monovarietal Sangiovese wine was evaluated by fermentations at laboratory scale. Axenic fermentations (AXFs) with S. cerevisiae were performed as control. S. cerevisiae attained higher cell densities in AXF compared with SIF. The experimental wines obtained by SIF showed significant lower ethanol and higher glycerol concentrations, whereas no significant difference was detected in colour intensity. The total phenol index reached significantly lower values in SIF. Furthermore, the wines produced by SIF contained higher concentrations of vitisin A that has a greater colour stability than the anthocyanin monomer. Finally, a lower content of both free anthocyanins and flavan‐3‐ols, key compounds for wine quality possessing also health‐enhancing properties, was found in wines obtained by SIF. On the contrary, no significant difference was detected on flavonol concentration between SIF and AXF. This study highlighted that the use of sequential inoculum of Starm. bacillaris and S. cerevisiae can contribute to increasing the colour stability of red wines, even if at the expense of compounds with health properties.
Prediction models for development of retinopathy in people with type 2 diabetes: systematic review and external validation in a Dutch primary care setting
Authors: van der Heijden Amber A. , Nijpels Giel , Badloe Fariza , Lovejoy Heidi L. , Peelen Linda M. , Feenstra Talitha L. , Moons Karel G. M. , Slieker Roderick C. , Herings Ron M. C. , Elders Petra J. M. , Beulens Joline W. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
The aims of this study were to identify all published prognostic models predicting retinopathy risk applicable to people with type 2 diabetes, to assess their quality and accuracy, and to validate their predictive accuracy in a head-to-head comparison using an independent type 2 diabetes cohort.

Methods
A systematic search was performed in PubMed and Embase in December 2019. Studies that met the following criteria were included: (1) the model was applicable in type 2 diabetes; (2) the outcome was retinopathy; and (3) follow-up was more than 1 year. Screening, data extraction (using the checklist for critical appraisal and data extraction for systemic reviews of prediction modelling studies [CHARMS]) and risk of bias assessment (by prediction model risk of bias assessment tool [PROBAST]) were performed independently by two reviewers. Selected models were externally validated in the large Hoorn Diabetes Care System (DCS) cohort in the Netherlands. Retinopathy risk was calculated using baseline data and compared with retinopathy incidence over 5 years. Calibration after intercept adjustment and discrimination (Harrell’s C statistic) were assessed.

Results
Twelve studies were included in the systematic review, reporting on 16 models. Outcomes ranged from referable retinopathy to blindness. Discrimination was reported in seven studies with C statistics ranging from 0.55 (95% CI 0.54, 0.56) to 0.84 (95% CI 0.78, 0.88). Five studies reported on calibration. Eight models could be compared head-to-head in the DCS cohort (N = 10,715). Most of the models underestimated retinopathy risk. Validating the models against different severities of retinopathy, C statistics ranged from 0.51 (95% CI 0.49, 0.53) to 0.89 (95% CI 0.88, 0.91).

Conclusions/interpretation
Several prognostic models can accurately predict retinopathy risk in a population-based type 2 diabetes cohort. Most of the models include easy-to-measure predictors enhancing their applicability. Tailoring retinopathy screening frequency based on accurate risk predictions may increase the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of diabetic retinopathy care.

Registration
PROSPERO registration ID CRD42018089122
A molecular dynamics based digital twin for ultrafast laser material removal processes
Authors: Stavropoulos Panagiotis , Papacharalampopoulos Alexios , Athanasopoulou Lydia 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWithin the latest years, digital twins have become one of the most promising concepts that can be applied to complex manufacturing processes, due to their accuracy and adaptiveness in real-time what-if scenarios. In the current study, the process of material removal utilizing femtolasers has been examined both theoretically, with the use of molecular dynamics based simulations, and experimentally. The simulation responses are integrated into a digital twin utilizing machine learning techniques, physics and decision-making algorithms. The experimental data from the femtolaser ablation have been compared with the simulation results and the applicability of the digital twin model has been evaluated.
Human variability in isoform-specific UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: markers of acute and chronic exposure, polymorphisms and uncertainty factors
Authors: Kasteel E. E. J. , Darney K. , Kramer N. I. , Dorne J. L. C. M. , Lautz L. S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) are involved in phase II conjugation reactions of xenobiotics and differences in their isoform activities result in interindividual kinetic differences of UGT probe substrates. Here, extensive literature searches were performed to identify probe substrates (14) for various UGT isoforms (UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT1A9, UGT2B7 and UGT2B15) and frequencies of human polymorphisms. Chemical-specific pharmacokinetic data were collected in a database to quantify interindividual differences in markers of acute (Cmax) and chronic (area under the curve, clearance) exposure. Using this database, UGT-related uncertainty factors were derived and compared to the default factor (i.e. 3.16) allowing for interindividual differences in kinetics. Overall, results show that pharmacokinetic data are predominantly available for Caucasian populations and scarce for other populations of different geographical ancestry. Furthermore, the relationships between UGT polymorphisms and pharmacokinetic parameters are rarely addressed in the included studies. The data show that UGT-related uncertainty factors were mostly below the default toxicokinetic uncertainty factor of 3.16, with the exception of five probe substrates (1-OH-midazolam, ezetimibe, raltegravir, SN38 and trifluoperazine), with three of these substrates being metabolised by the polymorphic isoform 1A1. Data gaps and future work to integrate UGT-related variability distributions with in vitro data to develop quantitative in vitro–in vivo extrapolations in chemical risk assessment are discussed.
Safe Strategy to Initiate Total Laparoscopic Donor Right Hepatectomy: A Stepwise Approach From a Laparoscopy‐Assisted Method
Authors: Lei Hao‐Jan , Lin Niang‐Cheng , Chen Cheng‐Yen , Chou Shu‐Cheng , Chung Meng‐Hsuan , Shyr Bor‐Uei , Tsai Hsin‐Lin , Hsia Cheng‐Yuan , Liu Chin‐Su , Loong Che‐Chuan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundTotal laparoscopic donor right hepatectomy (TLDRH) for adult living liver donors has been reported by a few experienced centers, but with limited cases, its safety and feasibility remain controversial. We report our experience initiating TLDRH using a stepwise approach to gradually convert laparoscopy‐assisted donor right hepatectomy (LADRH) to TLDRH.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the data of 61 LADRHs, 56 conventional open donor right hepatectomies (CODRHs), and 3 TLDRHs performed between March 2014 and June 2018.ResultsThere were no significant differences in perioperative outcomes between donors undergoing LADRH and CODRH, except for a slight elevations in the operative time (436.5 vs 392.9 min, p < 0.001) and the graft warm ischemic time (5.4 vs 4.0 min, p < 0.001) in the LADRH group. The recipients' posttransplant one‐year survival rates in the LADRH and CODRH groups were also similar (93.2% and 94.6%, p = 0.384). For three donors in whom TLDRH was converted from LADRH in a stepwise manner, the average operative time and blood loss were 570 min and 316.7 ml, respectively. Donors were discharged on postoperative day 10 without any surgical complications.ConclusionsLADRH can be performed routinely on liver living donors. A stepwise approach could be adopted to “covert” suitable donors from LADRH to a total laparoscopic procedure to maximize donor safety. This strategy is reliable and could be reproduced in most LDLT centers.