bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Turmeric and Garlic Inclusion to Sauropus androgynus-Bay Leaves Containing Diets on Performance, and Carcass Quality of Broilers
Authors: Santoso Urip , Fenita Yosi , Kususiyah Kususiyah , Rusdi Kiki , Savitri Elsa Marta , Simanjutak Novriska Winni 
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to examine the effect of turmeric or garlic supplementation to fermented Sauropus androgynus-bay leaves (FSBL) containing diet on performance, carcass quality and meat organoleptic status in broilers. This study used a completely randomized design. Two hundred 15-day-old female broilers were grouped into 5 groups with 4 replications as follows: Diet with 0.5% commercial feed additive (P0); 1.25% FSBL containing diet (P1); 1.25% FSBL containing diet plus 1 g turmeric powder (P2); 1.25% FSBL containing diet plus 2 g garlic (P3); 1.25% FSBL containing diet plus 1 g turmeric and 2 g garlic (P4). The results showed that the use of turmeric or garlic to FSBL containing diet did not affect body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, carcass weight, meat bone ratio, drip loss, and taste, odor, and texture of broiler meats (P>0.05) but affected cooking loss (P<0.05). In conclusion, the inclusion of garlic and/or turmeric to fermented Sauropus androgynus-bay leaves containing diet did not improve performance and carcass quality in broiler chickens. Any combination of medicinal plants could replace commercial feed additive.
Antimicrobial Resistance, the COVID-19 Pandemic, and Lessons for the Orthopaedic Community
Authors: Metsemakers Willem-Jan , Zalavras Charalampos , Schwarz Edward M. , Chen Antonia F. , Trampuz Andrej , Moriarty T. Fintan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract:
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is widely regarded as one of the most important global public health challenges of the twenty-first century. The overuse and the improper use of antibiotics in human medicine, food production, and the environment as a whole have unfortunately contributed to this issue. Many major international scientific, political, and social organizations have warned that the increase in AMR could cost the lives of millions of people if it is not addressed on a global scale. Although AMR is already a challenge in clinical practice today, it has taken on a new importance in the face of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. While improved handwashing techniques, social distancing, and other interventional measures may positively influence AMR, the widespread use of antibiotics to treat or prevent bacterial coinfections, especially in unconfirmed cases of COVID-19, may have unintended negative implications with respect to AMR. Although the exact number of bacterial coinfections and the rate at which patients with COVID-19 receive antibiotic therapy remain to be accurately determined, the pandemic has revived the discussion on antibiotic overuse and AMR. This article describes why the COVID-19 pandemic has increased our awareness of AMR and presents the immense global impact of AMR on society as a whole. Furthermore, an attempt is made to stress the importance of tackling AMR in the future and the role of the orthopaedic community in this worldwide effort.
A Novel Computational Model for Predicting Potential LncRNA-Disease Associations based on Both Direct and Indirect Features of LncRNA-Disease Pairs
Authors: Xiao Yubin , Xiao Zheng , Feng Xiang , Chen Zhiping , Kuang Linai , wang lei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely associated with human diseases, and it is useful for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases to get the relationships between lncRNAs and diseases. Due to the high costs and time complexity of traditional bio-experiments, in recent years, more and more computational methods have been proposed by researchers to infer potential lncRNA-disease associations. However, there exist all kinds of limitations in these state-of-the-art prediction methods as well.Results: In this manuscript, a novel computational model named FVTLDA is proposed to infer potential lncRNA-disease associations. In FVTLDA, its major novelty lies in the integration of direct and indirect features related to lncRNA-disease associations such as the feature vectors of lncRNA-disease pairs and their corresponding association probability fractions, which guarantees that FVTLDA can be utilized to predict diseases without known related-lncRNAs and lncRNAs without known related-diseases. Moreover, FVTLDA neither relies solely on known lncRNA-disease nor requires any negative samples, which guarantee that it can infer potential lncRNA-disease associations more equitably and effectively than traditional state-of-the-art prediction methods. Additionally, to avoid the limitations of single model prediction techniques, we combine FVTLDA with the Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for data analysis respectively. Simulation experiment results show that FVTLDA with MLR can achieve reliable AUCs of 0.8909, 0.8936 and 0.8970 in 5-Fold Cross Validation (5-fold CV), 10-Fold Cross Validation (10-fold CV) and Leave-One-Out Cross Validation (LOOCV), separately, while FVTLDA with ANN can achieve reliable AUCs of 0.8766, 0.8830 and 0.8807 in 5-fold CV, 10-fold CV, and LOOCV respectively. Furthermore, in case studies of gastric cancer, leukemia and lung cancer, experiment results show that there are 8, 8 and 8 out of top 10 candidate lncRNAs predicted by FVTLDA with MLR, and 8, 7 and 8 out of top 10 candidate lncRNAs predicted by FVTLDA with ANN, having been verified by recent literature. Comparing with the representative prediction model of KATZLDA, comparison results illustrate that FVTLDA with MLR and FVTLDA with ANN can achieve the average case study contrast scores of 0.8429 and 0.8515 respectively, which are both notably higher than the average case study contrast score of 0.6375 achieved by KATZLDA.Conclusion: The simulation results show that FVTLDA has good prediction performance, which is a good supplement to future bioinformatics research.
Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Patients With Acute Exacerbation of Interstitial Lung Disease Admitted to the Emergency Department
Authors: Jang Hye Jin , Yong Seung Hyun , Leem Ah Young , Lee Su Hwan , Kim Song Yee , Lee Sang Hoon , Kim Eun Young , Chung Kyung Soo , Jung Ji Ye , Kang Young Ae , Kim Young Sam , Chang Joon , Park Moo Suk 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Interstitial lung disease (ILD), particularly idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), has a poor prognosis. Corticosteroids are widely used in the treatment of acute exacerbation of ILD (AE-ILD). This study aimed to clarify the causes of AE-ILD, determine the efficacy of corticosteroids for treating AE-ILD, and detect differences in the mortality rate among subgroups of ILD. This was an observational retrospective single-center study. Patients with ILD who presented to the emergency department with acute respiratory symptoms from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2018, were included. Patients with AE-ILD were classified into two groups depending on the prednisolone dose: low dose (0 to 1.0 mg/kg) or high dose (>1.0 mg/kg). Mortality rates between patients with and without IPF were compared. This study included 182 patients with AE-ILD, including IPF (n=117) and non-IPF (n=65). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that corticosteroid dose (HR:0.221, CI:0.102–0.408, P<0.001), initial P/F ratio (HR:0.995, CI:0.992–0.999, P=0.006), and mechanical ventilation within 3 days of hospitalization (HR:4.205, CI:2.059–8.589, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for mortality in patients with AE-ILD. This study showed that outcomes improve with higher doses of corticosteroids (>1 mg/kg prednisolone) in patients with AE-non-IPF-ILD. However, this was not the case in patients with AE-IPF.
Comorbidity of Depression and Anxiety Leads to A Poor Prognosis Following Angina Pectoris Patients: A Prospective Study
Authors: Bai Bingqing , Yin Han , Guo Lan , Ma Huan , Wang Haochen , Liu Fengyao , Liang Yanting , Liu Anbang , Geng Qingshan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Depression and anxiety are two common psychiatric problems in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and are associated with poor cardiac prognosis. The comorbidity of depression and anxiety is considered to be a more severe psychological status than non-comorbid psychiatric disorders. However, little is known about the relationship between depression or anxiety and noncardiac readmission. We conducted a prospective study on the prognostic impact of depression, anxiety, and comorbidity in angina pectoris (AP) patients. Method: In this prospective study, 443 patients with AP were included in the analysis. Follow-up assessments were performed 1 year, and 2 years after patient discharges. Clinical outcomes of interest included readmission, major cardiovascular event (MACE), and composite events. Depression and anxiety symptom scores derived from the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and generalised anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire were used to assess mood symptoms. Participants with symptom scores of ≥ 10 on both questionnaires formed the comorbidity group. Using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the impact of psychiatric symptoms on clinical outcomes.Results: Among all the AP patients, 271 (61.2%) had non-depression symptoms and 172 (38. 9%) were determined to have depression symptoms. As for anxiety symptoms, 316 (71.3%), and 127 (28.7%) patients had non-anxiety, and anxiety respectively. After controlling covariates, we found that patients who endured clinical depression (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–4.31, p=0.038) and anxiety ([HR] 2. 65, 95% [CI] 1.12–6.30, p=0.027) had a high risk of noncardiac readmission. Compared to participants with no psychiatric symptoms, those with comorbidities of depression and anxiety presented a greater risk of MACEs ([HR] 2.38, 95% [CI] 1.11–5.10, p=0.025) and noncardiac readmission ([HR] 2.91, 95% [CI] 1.03–8.18, p=0.043) while the single-symptom group did not show any significances on all the events.Conclusion: Depression and anxiety had predictive value for noncardiac readmission among patients with AP. Furthermore, prognoses were found to be worse for patients with comorbidities of depression and anxiety than those with single psychiatric symptoms. Additional attention needs to be focused on the initial identification and long-term monitoring of psychiatric comorbidity.
Unstable Vancouver B1 Periprosthetic Femoral Fracture Fixation: A Biomechanical Comparison Between Cerclage Wiring and C-Shaped Shape Memory Alloy Implant
Authors: Oh Seog-Hyun , Suh Yu-Sung , Eghan-Acquah Emmanuel , Yurevich Kollerov Mikhail , Won Sung-Hun , Baek Min Jung , Lee Sung-Jae , Choi Sung-Woo 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Although cerclage wiring is a very useful implant, it has many problems. We manufactured an alphabet C-shaped clip with nitinol (C-clip) that has superelastic property to replace the cerclage wiring.This study aimed to compare the biomechanical stability of cerclage cable and the C-clip. Eighteen synthetic femora were tested. An unstable VB1 fractures model was constructed that oblique fracture line was 8cm below the lesser trochanter with fracture gab. The distal fixation was repaired with a locking plate and four bi-cortical screws. The proximal fixation was repaired two different methods: (1) four-threaded cerclage cables and (2) four new C-clip. In axial compression test, the C-clip was stiffer than the cerclage cable (median stiffness of C-clip = 39.28 N/mm [IQR; 38.84-41.19], cerclage cable = 34.90 N/mm [34.84-35.08], p<0.05). In the torsion test, the C-clip was 0.44 Nm/° [IQR; 0.44-0.45] and cerclage cable = 0.30 Nm/° [0.30-0.33], p<0.05). In the four-point bending test, the C-clip = 39.35 N/mm [IQR; 38.91-40.97] and cerclage cable = 28.38 N/mm, [28.33-30.79], p<0.05) The C-clip may be biomechanically superior to cerclage wiring in terms of stiffness, axial compression, torsion, and four-point bending tests and is a valuable alternative in Vancouver type B1 periprosthetic femoral fracture.
A Predictive Model and Socioeconomic and Demographic Determinants of Body Mass Index in Sudan
Authors: Abdallah Ahmed , Mohammed Mohammed , Ayele Dawit 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper aims at determining the socioeconomic and demographic determinants related to Body Mass Index (BMI) for children under-five years in Sudan. This study uses the Sudan Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) conducted in the year 2014. The survey was conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics in cooperation with several national institutions. The objective of the study is to identify the factors of BMI for under-five children. The multinomial logistic regression model was adopted. Results revealed that the prevalence of underweight for infant’s under-five years was 86.3% for females and 85.3% for males, the proportion of the normal weight of infants under-five years of age for males is slightly higher than that of females; there is correlation amid geographic determinants; state, and BMI status. Also, there was a significant association between mother’s education and body mass index status and the wealth index and body mass index status. The variables place of residence and sex did not show a statistically significant relationship with body mass index status for the children under-five years of age in Sudan. In addition, the risk factors significantly associated with body mass were the state, child ever breastfeeds, sex, mother’s education, wealth index, and age in the month.
Impact of Social Distancing Associated with The COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity Levels and Associations With Mood State: An Internet-Based Survey
Authors: Puccinelli Paulo , Costa Taline da , Seffrin Aldo , de Lira Claudio , Vancini Rodrigo , Nikolaidis Pantelis , Knechtle Beat , Rosemann Thomas , Hill Lee , Andrade Marilia dos Santos 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in a strong negative impact on economic and social life worldwide. It has also negatively influenced people’s general health and quality of life. The aim of the present study was to study the impact of social distancing on physical activity level, and the association between mood state (depression and anxiety level) or sex with actual physical activity levels, the change in physical activity during social distancing period, the adhesion level to social distancing, the adoption time of social distancing, family income and age. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire with personal, quarantine, physical activity, and mood state disorders information’s was answered by 2,140 female and male Brazilians who were recruited through online advertising. RESULTS: Thirty percent of the participants presented symptoms of moderate/severe depression and 23.3% displayed moderate/severe anxiety symptoms. A greater presence of symptoms related to anxiety and depression were associated with low physical activity levels, low family monthly income, and younger age. A higher percentage of men who had no mood disorders was observed among those who were very active than among those less active. CONCLUSION: The COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on physical activity. Those who reduced their level of physical activity had the highest levels of mood disorders. Therefore, considering all the non-communicable diseases and mental diseases associated with physical inactivity, humans are likely to be much more vulnerable during this period of social distancing, including that of combating a possible COVID-19 disease. Therefore, physical activity programs should be encouraged, while respecting the necessary social distancing to prevent the spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Interleukin-17 Receptor A1 Gene Knockout Causes Weight Loss and Reduction of Intestinal Metabolism-Related Genes in The Japanese Medaka, Oryzias Latipes
Authors: Okamura Yo , Miyanishi Hiroshi , Kinoshita Masato , Kono Tomoya , Sakai Masahiro , Hikima Jun-ichi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the intestine, the host must be able to control the gut microbiota and efficiently absorb transiently supplied metabolites, at the risk of enormous infection. In mammals, the inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-17A/F is one of the key mediators in the intestinal immune system. However, many functions of IL-17 in vertebrate intestines remain unclarified. In this study, we established a gene-knockout (KO) model of IL-17 receptor A1 (RA1), an IL-17A/F receptor, in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) using genome editing technique and the phenotypes were compared to wild type (WT) based on transcriptome analyses. Upon hatching, homozygous IL-17RA1-KO medaka mutants showed no significant morphological abnormality. However, after 4 months, significant weight decreases and reduced survival rates were observed in IL-17RA1-KO medaka. Comparing gene-expression patterns in WT and IL-17RA1-KO medaka revealed that various metabolism- and immune-related genes were significantly down-regulated in IL-17RA1-KO medaka intestine, particularly genes related to mevalonate metabolism (mvda, acat2, hmgcs1, and hmgcra) and genes related to IL-17 signaling (such as il17c, il17a/f1, and rorc) were found to be decreased. These findings show that IL-17RA regulated immune- and various metabolism-related genes in the intestine for maintaining the health of Japanese medaka.
On The Reduction of Inaccuracies in Drought Monitoring - A Novel Blended Procedure for Standardized Type Drought Indicators
Authors: Khan Muhammad , Jiang He , Ali Zulfiqar , Nazeer Amna , Ni Guangheng , Qamar Sadia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Due to climate change and an increasing temperature, drought is prevailing in several parts of the globe. Therefore, drought monitoring is a challenging task in hydrology and water management research. Drought is occurring recurrently in various climatic zones around the world. In literature, in that respect, there are several drought monitoring indicators. Regardless of their pros and cons, their abounded creates a chaotic scenario in analysis and reanalysis in certain gauge station. This research aims to improve drought monitoring system by providing a comprehensive data mining approach under principle component analysis. Consequently, we propose a new index named: Seasonal Mixture Standardized Drought Index (SMSDI). In our preliminary analysis, we have included three multiscaler Standardized Drought Indices (SDIs). In application, we have applied our proposed indicator on three meteorological gauge stations located in Pakistan. For comparative assessment, individual SDI has used to investigate the association and consistency with SMSDI. Results presented in the current study demonstrated that the SMSDI has significant correlation with individual SDIs. Hence, we conclude that the procedure of SMSDI can be deployed in hydrology and water management research for extracting reliable information related to future drought.
Poly-cataclasites: Implications to the Seismic Cycle
Authors: Yeo Thomas , Takeshita Toru 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Poly-cataclasites are rocks that have undergone multiple episodic deformational histories. These rocks retained the microstructures developed from older deformational events. They are a common occurrence in the Median Tectonic Line Japan and can be used to evaluate the changes in rock deformational processes throughout the earthquake cycle. Based on the description of mineralogical changes and the microstructures of the cataclasitic clasts, we are able to establish two main deformational events Microstructures of the co-seismic phase relates to the randomly oriented clast developed through fluidisation. Clast that are foliated formed during the aseismic phase through creeping accompanied by the precipitation of phyllosilicate minerals and the consumption of feldspathic minerals. We propose that the presence of crustal fluid circulation is essential in governing the poly-cataclasites deformational cycle providing insights into the underlying deformational processes during the earthquake cycle.
Specifically Designed Magnetic Biochar From Waste Wood for Arsenic Removal
Authors: Chen Chih-Kuei , Chen Jia-Jia , Nguyen Nhat-Thien , Le Thuy-Trang , Chang Chang-Tang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Arsenic is a kind of metal elements, widely distributed in nature. Many technologies, including adsorption, ion exchange, membrane separation and extraction, have been developed to treat arsenic-containing wastewater due to a series of drinking water safety problems caused by arsenic pollution. Biochar has some advantages of big surface area, low cost and so on. Therefore, waste wood was used as biochar, FeCl3·6H2O and KMnO4 were also used to promote the performance of arsenic removal. The results of XRD, BET, EA and VSM analysis show that modified biochar has major elements of Fe, Mn with KMnO4. The modified biochar (Fe1Mn1C1) has higher magnetism of 40 emu g-1. Through adsorption performance assessment, the best ratio of Fe/C is 1:1 and the adsorption efficiency and capacity of Fe1C1 is 61.6% and 0.681 mg g-1, respectively. Then, the best ratio of Mn, Fe and C is 4:1:1 with highest adsorption efficiency of 80.8% and capacity of 0.724 mg g-1. The best dosage of Fe1C1 and Fe1Mn2C1 is the same as 1 g L-1. It shows better adsorption capacity under higher pH with pristine biochar (PB) and Fe1C1 while under lower pH with Fe1Mn2C1. The adsorption patterns of PB and Fe1Mn2C1 fit Langmuir well. In contrast, adsorption pattern of Fe1C1 fits Freundlich well. In addition, three types of biochars all fit the pseudo second order adsorption kinetics.
The Changes of Leaf Reflectance Spectrum and Leaf Functional Traits of Osmanthus Fragrans are Related to the Parasitism of Cuscuta Japonica
Authors: Zhu Jiyou , Xu Qing , He Weijun , Yao Jiangming , Zhang Xinna , Xu Chengyang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Background: Studies on the influence of parasitism on plants based on hyperspectral analysis have not been reported so far. To fully understand the variation characteristics and laws of leaf reflectance spectrum and functional traits after the urban plant parasitized by Cuscuta japonica Choisy. Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour. was taken as the research object to analyze the spectral reflectance and functional traits characteristics at different parasitical stages. Results: Results showed that the spectral reflectance was higher than the parasitic reflectance in the visible light and near infrared. The spectral reflectance in 750 ~ 1400 nm was the sensitive range of spectral response of host plants to parasitic infection, which is universal at different parasitic stages. We established a chlorophyll inversion model (y=-65913.323x+9.783, R2=0.6888) based on the reflectance of red valley (minimum band reflectance in the range of 640 ~ 700 nm), which can be used for chlorophyll content of the parasitic Osmanthus fragrans. There was a significant correlation between spectral characteristic parameters and chlorophyll content index. Through the change of spectral parameters, we can predict the chlorophyll content of Osmanthus fragrans under different parasitism degrees.Conclusion: After the host plant was invaded by parasitic plants, its leaf functional traits are generally characterized by thick leaf, small leaf area, small specific leaf area, low relative chlorophyll content, high dry matter content and high leaf tissue density. These findings indicate that the host plant have taken certain trade-off strategy to maintain their growth in the environment invaded by parasitic plants. Therefore, we suspect that there may be leaf economics spectrum in the parasitic environment, and there was a general trend toward "slow investment-return" in the global leaf economics spectrum.