bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P118 CONTENT VALIDITY OF THE SUBCUTANEOUS ADMINISTRATION ASSESSMENT QUESTIONNAIRE (SQAAQ) IN ADULT AND ADOLESCENT PATIENTS WITH MODERATE TO SEVERE ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Authors: Naegeli April , Hunter Theresa , Delbecque Laure , Karn Hayley , Skalicky Anne 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Subcutaneous (SC) delivery of biologic therapies is typically self-administered via a prefilled syringe or an auto-injector. Auto-injector devices are designed to offer a more convenient and more consistent administration of the drug product. The Subcutaneous Administration Assessment Questionnaire (SQAAQ) is a novel, 12-item, self-administered questionnaire that assesses ease of use of SC delivery devices and patient confidence while using the device to administer an injection of drug. This study aimed to establish evidence of the content validity of the SQAAQ among patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods
A cross-sectional, US-based, qualitative study using a semi-structured discussion guide was conducted using online focus groups and one-on-one telephone interviews among adolescent (12–17 years (yrs)) and adult (18 yrs+) participants with diagnosis of moderate-to-severely active UC recruited from clinical sites and patient panels. Cognitive debriefing of the SQAAQ instructions, items, recall period, scoring algorithm, and response options was conducted to assess understanding and interpretation of the items. The SQAAQ instructs patients to evaluate the questions based on “to what extent do you agree that the device you just used has these features” on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”.

Results
Thirty-one patients (n=27, 87% focus group; n=4, 13% telephone) participated in an interview. The majority were female (n=23, 74%); non-Hispanic or Latino (n=28, 90%); and White (n=22, 71%). Twelve (39%) were ≥18 yrs; 8 (26%) were 15–17 yrs; and 11 (35%) were 12–14-yrs. Administration of current medication use included: 48% on intravenous, 36% on SC, and 16% on oral. Adult and adolescent participants found the SQAAQ to be relevant, straight-forward, and easy to understand. Participants described the questionnaire as being ‘clear’, ‘detailed’, and felt as if the questionnaire included all the necessary items. All participants described the response options as ‘good’ and that they were able to select a response from a range of options. None of the participants had suggestions for changes to the response options. The confirmed conceptual framework (see Figure) for the SQAAQ depicts the 12 item concepts within 4 domains: ease of use (n=6 items), injection convenience (n=3 items), injection self-efficacy (n=2 items), and perceived self-efficacy (n=3 items).

Conclusion
Patient feedback confirms content validity of the SQAAQ and provides strong evidence that the concepts included in the SQAAQ are important to and well-understood by adults and adolescents with UC.
P017 INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE: YOUTH BELIEFS AND BARRIERS TO TRANSITION
Authors: Beeson Erynn , MacKay Heather , Beard Jacklyn Stellway , Paternostro Jennifer , Lin Henry , Harris Michael 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Transitioning from pediatric to adult care remains a vulnerable time for all youth, especially those with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While the medical community recognizes this, it is still an understudied phenomenon and youth often become lost in transition. Our mixed methods study is unique in that it comprehensively assesses youth/caregiver understanding and priorities through interviews and surveys surrounding the transition process for youth with IBD.

Methods
This is a prospective chart review. English speaking youth with IBD ages 12–25 and their caregivers at a tertiary care center were given the Transition Barriers and Beliefs scale (TBAB). Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and frequencies. A subgroup of youth/caregiver dyads from the above sample were asked a semi-structured set of questions. The answers were audio recorded and transcribed.

Results
70% of caregivers reported they are not discussing transition with their youth.
74% of caregivers and 70% of youth reported that no provider initiated a transition discussion.
40% of youth older than 16 reported providers initiated a transition discussion.
25% of youth and 33% of caregivers expressed concern over transition.
90% of caregivers reported there was no transition plan regardless of age.
53% of youth and 73% of caregivers believed that similar support services are offered in adult care.
Caregivers and youth shared similar priorities to discuss prior to transition, the most important being insurance.
Caregivers and youth both overwhelmingly prefer information be relayed face-face.
Youth and caregivers agreed providers should begin talking about transition at age 16–17, seeing the provider alone at 17–18, and transitioning at 18.

Conclusion
Discussion around transition in IBD care is not happening at home or with providers. Accordingly, most youth and their families have no plan for this process. Our data agree with other research indicating that youth and their caregivers view transition more as an event and less as a process (e.g., transition discussions and transfer to adult care around the same age 17 to 18). This is highlighted by the finding that youth/caregiver dyads reported that seeing the physician alone should happen just before transition. As a whole, our data indicate that youth and their families are underprepared to transition care, with a majority expressing the expectation that similar support services will be offered in adult care. This leaves them vulnerable to a lapse in medical care, unmanaged flares, and negative consequences of drug holidays. Interestingly, youth and their families are worried about the transition from pediatric to adult IBD care and are interested in receiving this information in person, reinforcing that this information should be incorporated into routine care and is best received from their IBD providers.
P026 TOP GOALS AND CONCERNS REPORTED BY INDIVIDUALS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE AT OUTPATIENT GASTROENTEROLOGY CLINIC VISITS
Authors: Tse Chung Sang , Shah Samir , Crate Damara , Oberai Ridhima , Hwang Caroline , Ostrov Arthur , Lum Donald , Nelson Eugene , Oliver Brant , Van Citters Aricca , Holthoff Megan , Kennedy Alice , Hou Jason , Singh Siddharth , Weaver Alandra , Melmed Gil , Siegel Corey , van Deen Welmoed 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
The goals of managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) include eliminating disease symptoms, improving quality of life, and preventing disease progression/complications. In patients with chronic illnesses, their perception of the illness, emotional reactions, and concerns about the disease/treatment can influence self-management behaviors and their quality of life.[1] Studies of IBD patients’ self-reported disease concerns and subjective perceptions of quality of life are lacking. Here, we aim to understand IBD patients’ top concerns and goals using survey data collected within IBD Qorus, a nationwide Learning Health System for IBD with approximately 40 participating sites.

Methods
We conducted a qualitative content analysis on an open-ended question that was sent to IBD patients prior to their clinic visits with an IBD Qorus provider:
“Currently, what is your number ONE concern or goal related to your IBD? This could be related to a specific symptom (e.g., diarrhea), worry for the future (e.g., need for surgery, cost of care) or how IBD might impact an upcoming life event (e.g., wedding, travel). Or you can report that you have no current concerns or goals.”
Using the inductive approach, two independent researchers (who are not involved with direct clinical care of IBD Qorus patients) coded the responses into major and minor themes, which were then discussed with a third independent coder (an IBD Qorus provider). Each response received one or more codes (if multiple themes were mentioned).

Results
In the first 100 responses from a purposeful sample of six IBD Qorus sites (3 academic and 3 community sites in diverse rural and urban geographic locations), four domains of goals/concerns were identified: symptoms and goals for the symptoms (28/100), medication and their efficacy/side effects (28/100), IBD clinical course and management (29/100), and psychosocial effects of IBD (29/100) (Figure 1). The most common themes in each domain were: abdominal pain and fecal urgency (symptoms), biologics and side effects (medications), surgery and nutrition (IBD clinical course and management), and fear/worry and traveling (psychosocial effects) (Figure 1). Fives responses contained no concerns/goals and three were uncodeable.

Conclusion
IBD patients’ disease-related concerns and goals are broad and diverse, and our study suggests that they are evenly distributed between symptoms, medications, disease course, and psychosocial effects. Understanding patients’ perceptions about the disease and the types of information they desire can aid providers to create and achieve shared treatment goals.

Reference
P080 A PROSPECTIVE LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS EFFECT ON INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE FLARES AND ACTIVITY
Authors: Xu Anthony , Mallepally Niharika , Shapiro Jordan , Hou Jason 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are one of the most commonly prescribed medications in the United States. Some recent studies have suggested that PPIs may have a negative effect on the gut microbiome. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been linked with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We hypothesized that PPI use is associated with increased IBD flares and activity. This study was aimed to assess the effect of PPIs on IBD flares and activity.

Methods
We conducted a prospective longitudinal study of Veterans from the IBD clinic at the Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center from 2014 to 2018. Our eligibility criteria included patients who were at least 18 years of age, who were diagnosed with Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative Colitis (UC), and who had at least 2 clinic visits. IBD flare was defined by patient self-report of IBD flare between clinical encounters. IBD activity was quantified using the partial Mayo Score (pMayo) for UC, and the Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI) for CD. Remission was defined by pMayo&lt; 2 for UC and HBI&lt; 5 for CD. The exposure of PPI was confirmed by chart review. Associations of PPI use with IBD flare and activity were assessed using T-tests and Chi-squared tests.

Results
A total of 132 patients were included in the analysis of which 74 had CD and 58 had UC. 40 patients were PPI users, and IBD flares occurred in 60 patients. No significant association between PPI usage and IBD flares were observed: 42.5% of PPI users developed flares compared to 46.7% of non-PPI users who developed flares, p-value=0.658. In patients with CD, PPI use was associated with non-remission status (RR 2.53; 95% CI 1.04–6.15). In UC patients, PPI use was not associated with non-remission status (RR 1.10; 95% CI 0.67 - 1.79). 13 CD patients on PPIs discontinued the PPI between encounters, which was associated with a statistically significant decrease in HBI (3.62 to 2.54, p-value= 0.005). Among UC patients who discontinued PPIs, there was a non-significant trend towards decreased pMayo (2.26 to 1.59, p-value= 0.069).

Discussion
Amongst CD patients, PPI use was not associated with interval flare however it was associated with non-remission status. Cessation of PPIs was associated with a statistically significant decrease in HBI in CD patients. Amongst UC patients, no significant associations between PPI use and flare or activity were observed. Decreasing unnecessary PPI use in patients with CD may decrease disease severity.
Spiny lobster fisheries status across time and a mosaic of spatial management regimes
Authors: Tewfik Alexander , Babcock Elizabeth A , Phillips Myles 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In Belize, the commercial harvest of spiny lobsters has occurred for ∼100 years, provides critical livelihoods, and is the primary seafood export. We determined the first empirical estimate of size at maturity in Belize as well as eight fishery status indicators on several fishing grounds. The carapace lengths (CLs) at 50% maturity varied between males (98 mm) and females (86 mm) and are higher than the existing legal minimum of 76 mm. Time series analysis indicated decreasing proportions of mature individuals, decreasing size, and low spawning potential ratios (SPR) as well as high fishing mortality within fishing grounds. The pattern of decline in population status indicators across fishing grounds is consistent with a historical expansion of effort from north to south and offshore. Many indicators of population status within fishing grounds were improved with increasing area of replenishment zone and opposite to the historical expansion. However, overfishing is a problem across all areas examined. An increase in the legal minimum CL to 86 mm and examination of a maximum size limit will likely have significant positive effects on productivity and SPR, respectively, as well as protecting the pivotal role of spiny lobsters within the ecosystem.
Improvement in symptom remission rate following robotic thymectomy in patients with myasthenia gravis
Authors: Kauppi Juha , Atula Sari , Strbian Daniel , Robinson Eric , Alho Hanni , Sihvo Eero , Ilonen Ilkka , Räsänen Jari 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
We investigated long-term symptom control of myasthenia gravis following robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) versus video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) thymectomy in a retrospective single-centre cohort.

METHODS
From 1999 to 2015, a total of 147 patients underwent thymectomy for myasthenia gravis. Demographic data, medications, operative details, hospital length of stay (LOS), procedure complications and follow-up data were collected by chart review. The Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America classification was used to evaluate preoperative and postoperative myasthenia gravis status. The primary outcome was complete stable remission (CSR) status.

RESULTS
Of the 147 patients, 86 (59%) patients underwent VATS thymectomy and 61 (42%) patients underwent RATS thymectomy. There was no operative mortality. The median follow-up was 12 years in the VATS group [interquartile range (IQR) 9–14 years] and 5 years in the RATS group (IQR 3–6 years) (P = 0.001). Two patients in the VATS (2%) and 2 patients (3%) in the RATS group had Clavien–Dindo grade 3 complications. The median LOS was 3 days in the VATS group (IQR 2–4 days) and 2 days in the RATS group (IQR 2–3 days) (P = 0.013). The rate of CSR was 18% (14/65) in the VATS group compared to 26% (16/44) in the RATS group (P = 0.06). Younger age, RATS approach and preoperative medical remission were independently predictive of CSR by Cox regression analysis.

CONCLUSIONS
Patients who underwent RATS thymectomy and were younger or medically remitted before surgery were more likely to achieve CSR. Both methods yield excellent perioperative outcome.
Psychometric evaluation of patient-reported experience measures: is it valid?
Authors: Sizmur Steve , Graham Chris , Bos Nanne 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Multiple published studies and reviews have advocated the application of psychometric methods to the validation of patient experience measurement. Some such methods depend on measurement assumptions that may not be appropriate for patient experience. Rather than being the default approach for the validation of patient experience measurement, we argue that psychometric methods should be reviewed critically to determine their fit to the measurement application, and alternative approaches explored, so that the most appropriate validation methods can be identified.
International and Global Studies Capstone Course Innovations: Multimedia Identity Video Collage and Study Abroad Integration
Authors: Swimelar Safia 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis article contributes to the scholarship of teaching and learning in international studies by modeling how a capstone course and multimedia project can support students’ integration of study abroad experiences and learning into their academic work and personal development. The multimedia video collage capstone project empowered students to (re)examine their study abroad site and narrate an identity and globalization theme using local material and sources, from films and novels, to news broadcasts and scholarly writings. The quantitative and qualitative data presented reveals that students found that the capstone video collage project helped them to reflect critically on their study abroad experience and connect learning from abroad and at home. Finally, the course and video collage project revealed to students the subjective nature of narration and visual representation, key revelations to intercultural awareness and international studies learning.
Soleris®Enterobacteriaceae for the Detection of Enterobacteriaceae in Select Foods: AOAC Performance Tested MethodSM 121901
Authors: Alles Susan , Roman Brooke , Betts Gail , Jordan Suzanne , Everis Linda , Montei Carolyn , Biswas Preetha , Mozola Mark , Donofrio Robert 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Soleris®Enterobacteriaceae is a growth-based, automated method for detection of Enterobacteriaceae in food.

Objective
A study was conducted to validate the Soleris method for detection of Enterobacteriaceae in select foods (pasteurized milk, yogurt, mozzarella cheese, ice cream, dried milk, pasteurized liquid egg, frozen cooked chicken, deli ham, lettuce, and dry dog food) at a threshold of ≥ 10 CFU/g of product.

Methods
Inclusivity and exclusivity of the Soleris method were assessed by testing 55 and 38 target and non-target bacterial strains, respectively. Matrix testing was performed with one naturally contaminated and nine inoculated foods. Efficacy of the Soleris method was compared to that of the ISO 21528-2:2017 direct plating reference method using probability of detection analysis. Independent laboratory testing was conducted to verify method performance in two matrixes (yogurt and deli ham). Method robustness, stability, and lot-to-lot consistency of the Soleris reagents were also assessed.

Results
Inclusivity of the Soleris test was 91% and exclusivity was 100%. In matrix testing, there were no significant differences in the number of positive results obtained with the Soleris and reference methods for any of the matrixes examined. Overall, of 370 test portions, there were 176 positive results by the Soleris method and 177 positive results by the reference procedure.

Conclusions
Soleris Enterobacteriaceae is an effective method for detection of Enterobacteriaceae in the foods evaluated, with performance equivalent to that of the ISO 21528-2:2017 reference method.

Highlights
The Soleris method offers the advantages of labor savings and results within 18 h.
Product Entitativity: How the Presence of Product Replicates Increases Perceived and Actual Product Efficacy
Authors: Vanbergen Noah , Irmak Caglar , Sevilla Julio 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Many studies document the benefits of presenting smaller quantities of products, particularly when differences in quantity relate to availability or popularity. However, we know less about the effects of quantity differences in contexts unrelated to scarcity, such as when products are depicted in ads, special displays, or online retailing settings. The present research builds on extant literature by investigating a previously unexplored question: How do product perceptions differ depending on whether consumers view a single unit in isolation, versus as one unit among identical product replicates? Five experiments demonstrate that presenting multiple product replicates as a group (vs. presenting a single item) increases product efficacy perceptions because it leads consumers to perceive products as more homogeneous and unified around a shared goal. That is, consumers perceive greater product entitativity when viewing a group of product replicates. As a result, the perceived and actual ability of products to deliver that function (i.e., product efficacy) increases.
The effects of highway tolls on private business activity—results from a natural experiment
Authors: Audretsch David B , Dohse Dirk Christian , dos Santos João Pereira 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The article studies the impact of a switch from free to charged highway provision on firm numbers and private sector employment in a panel of Portuguese municipalities covering the period 2007–2013. It exploits the fact that tolls on certain highways in Portugal were unexpectedly introduced in reaction to the sovereign debt crisis to establish causality. Findings suggest that the price of highway tolls in terms of forgone employment and firm formation may be substantial. Comprehensive analyses of effect heterogeneity reveal that the effects differ across municipalities, sectors and firm size classes. The negative effects of highway tolls are strongest in the municipalities traversed by the newly tolled highways and seem to decrease with distance from these highways, whereas distance to Lisbon aggravates the negative effects of the tolls. We also find that larger firms and manufacturing firms are more strongly affected by the tolls than smaller firms and firms in the service sector and that the negative effect on firm numbers is strongest immediately after the introduction of the tolls, whereas the negative effect on employment increases with the duration of the treatment.
Choice of Laboratory Tissue Homogenizers Matters When Recovering Nucleic Acid From Medically Important Ticks
Authors: Jones Amanda M , Van de Wyngaerde Marshall T , Machtinger Erika T , Rajotte Edwin G , Baker Thomas C 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Ticks can vector and transmit many pathogens and pose a serious human health threat throughout the world. After collection, many diagnostic laboratories must mechanically disrupt tick specimens for diagnostic testing and research purposes, but few studies have evaluated how well-commercial tissue homogenizers perform this task. We evaluated four commercially available tissue homogenizers: The Bead Ruptor 24 Elite, the Bullet Blender Storm, the gentleMACS Dissociator, and the Precellys 24. We quantitatively compared maceration level, nucleic acid quality, quantity, amplification, and DNA shearing to determine which machines performed the best. The Bead Ruptor 24 Elite had the highest overall score when disrupting a single, uninfected adult Amblyomma americanum (Linnaeus) (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and performed well in follow-on tests including disrupting individual juvenile samples and detecting pathogens from infected samples.