bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of microbial flora of the external surface of housefly (Muscadomestica) in Umuahia Metropolis, Abia State, Southeast Nigeria
Authors: Nwankwo E. O. , Ekemezie C. L. , Adeyemo S. 
Published: February 2020

Objective:Houseflies are vectors responsible for the mechanical transmission of pathogens acquired from feeding in feces and decayed organic debris. Human consumption of such food without warming could lead to gastroenteritis, a major public health problem. The aim of this research was to evaluate the range of microbial pathogens associated with the external surfaces of fly vectors and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the bacterial pathogens.Materials and Methods:A total of 150 houseflies were collected with a sterile net from different parts of Umuahia, Abia State. Their external surfaces were screened for bacteria, fungi, and protozoan parasites in the Microbiology Laboratory of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike by standard microbiological procedures. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates was carried out by disc diffusion method.Results:The most frequently observed microorganisms wereEscherichiacoli(22.9%),Klebsiellaspp. (16.6%),Staphylococcusaureus(14.6%),Aspergillusspp. (28.3%), Mucor spp. (21.7%),Entamoebahistolytica(32.7%), andEndolimaxnana(30.9%). Houseflies from broken sewage had the highest total viable counts and frequency of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Bacterial isolates from houseflies gotten from health-care facilities showed higher levels of multiple drug resistance to ampicillin and cotrimoxazole.Conclusion:In this study, pathogenic microorganisms were recovered from the external surface of houseflies, the vectoral agents of mechanical transfer of microbial contaminants to exposed food. Most of the microorganisms observed in this study are known pathogens that can cause gastroenteritis which is a public health concern.
Counseling fatigue of HIV/AIDS counselor in Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Mgbekem Mary A. , Oyira Emilia J. , Ella Regina , Lukpata Felicia , Armon Margaret , Ntamu Gabriel U. 
Published: February 2020

Objective:
There is different perception of HIV/AIDS counselling fatique among counsellors of patients. This descriptive study assessed perceived HIV/AIDS counseling fatigue among HIV/AIDS counselors in Calabar, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 90 counselors were assessed using a 35-item questionnaire measuring a variety of counseling activities. Fatigue was ranked on a 5-point Likert-type scale. The counseling fatigue was categorized in five subscales: accessibility of clients for HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT), explains and facilitates, monitoring and follow through, trusting relationships, policies in counseling activities, and burnout responses.

Results:
The results showed that counselors’ perceptions on fatigue were mostly on accessibility of clients for HCT (Mean = 72.50, standard deviation [SD] = 6.124) with statistical significance of Chi-square calculated = 161.419, df = 5; P < 0.001, monitoring and follow through activities (mean = 71.80, SD = 11.23, Chi-square calculated = 31.223; df = 4; P < 0.001), and policies in counseling activities (mean = 66.0 SD = 9.62, (Chi-square calculated = 11.906, df = 6; P < 0.05). Explain and facilitate statistically and significantly correlated with age (r = 0.610, P = 0.000) and years of experience (r = 0.695, P = 0.000). Burnout responses were also statistically significant (Chi-square calculated = 144.000; df = 7; P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Findings show HCT counseling activities generally cause fatigue for counselors, however, explain and facilitate counseling activities correlated with age (20–29 years) and years of experience (1–2 years) as these were found to be more fatigued among the participants. The years of experience correlation could be attributed to lack of formal HCT counseling training reported by 20 (20%). Further research is needed to explore counselors’ perceptions of HIV/AIDS counseling fatigue in different cultures.
Anti-arthritic evaluation of Eclipta alba in a murine model Freund’s adjuvant provoked arthritis
Authors: Tirupathi Rao Y R K V  , Gopal Rao K  , Satishchandra A  
Published: February 2020

Eclipta alba (E.alba) is a medicinal plant with wide range of biological action encompassing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. However, its anti arthritic activity is not reported till date. So we have evaluated the anti-arthritic property of E.alba methanolic extract in arthritis induced rats. The rats were made arthritic by single intradermal injection of complete freunds adjuvant (CFA) and E.alba (200 and 400mg/kg) were administered for 28 days. The assessment of arthritis was done by evaluating body weight, paw volume and alteration in hematological parameters (WBC, RBC, Hb and ESR). Further, to evaluate oxidative stress, malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation and antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH) were measured. The arthritis induced rats showed significant decrease in body weight, elevated paw oedema, and changes in blood parameters. Treatment with E.alba significantly reduced the arthritic symptoms by its anti-inflammatory effect. Further, arthritic rats displayed elevated MDA and decreased antioxidant levels and treatment with E.alba inhibited the lipid peroxidation and restored the antioxidants to normal. The present study reveals that Eclipta alba showed effective anti-arthritic activity through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory property. Further the anti-arthritic activity of E. alba might be due to the presence of various phytochemicals such as flavanoids and polyphenols.
"We are all Here to Stay"; Addressing Aboriginal Title Claims after Delgamuukw v British Columbia
Authors: Yurkowski Rachel A 
Published: February 2020

This article outlines how the Canadian courts dealt with the interface between aboriginal title and common law notions of property throughout the various Delgamuukw decisions. Through examination of the different judgments in the case, at different judicial levels, the article traverses issues around the source of aboriginal title, and subsequent limitations on the content of aboriginal title which arise from that. The article concludes that the unique concept of aboriginal title cannot be interpreted within the paradigm of the common law. The article further concludes that courts are the wrong forum for adjudicating aboriginal claims.
Metode Perbaikan Kerusakan Retak pada Ruas Jalan Kedungmundu – Metesih
Authors: Ikhwanudin Ikhwanudin , Yudaningrum Farida 
Published: February 2020

Ruas jalan Kedungmundu-Metesih merupakan jalan Kolektorbersamaan dengan perkembangan kawasan dilingkungan kedungmundu, Metesih, Sendangmulyo kecamatan Tembalang, maka semakin berkembangan jumlah penduduk yang berada di kawasan tersebut sehingga pemakai jalan semakin tahun semakin bertambah dengan semakin bertambahnya kendaraan yang melewati ruas jalan Kedungmundu-metesih baik kendaraan kecil maupun kendaraan besar sehingga diperlukan perbaikian rutin yang pendanaanya melalui anggaran APBD sehingga dari segi pemanfaat akan merasa nyaman dan aman. Berdasar penelitian yang dilakukan bahwa kerusakan ruas Jalan Kedungmundu Metesih dikelompokkan dalam lima kategori yaitu Retak (Cracking),distorsi (distorsion), Cacat permukaan (disintegration),Pengausan (polished aggregate) danKegemukan (bleeding of flushing) dengan metode perbaikannya menggunakan standart Bina Marga.
PERHITUNGAN PREMI ASURANSI JIWA MENGGUNAKAN GENERALIZED LINEAR MIXED MODELS
Authors: Rohmaniah Siti Alfiatur , Chandra Novita Eka 
Published: February 2020

The price of life insurance premiums for each person depends on the probability of death, not only based on age and gender as offered by an Indonesian insurance company. The purpose of this study is to determine premium prices on underwriting factors and frailty factors using Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM). GLMM is used for modeling a combination of fixed effect heterogeneity (underwriting factors) and random effects (frailty factors) between individuals. The data used longitudinal data about underwriting factors that have Binomial distribution are taken from the Health and Retirement Study and processed using R software. Because the data used by survey data within an interval of two years, so the probability of death is obtained for an interval the next two years. Underwriting factors that have a significant effect on the probability of death are age, alcoholic status, heart disease, and diabetes. As a result, is obtained the probability of death models each individual to determine life insurance premium prices. The premium price of each individual is different because depends on underwriting factors and frailty. If frailty is positive, it means that a person level of vulnerability when experiencing the risk of death is greater than negative frailty.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BANGUNAN SEBAGAI PENGGANTI AGREGAT KASAR PADA PEMBUATAN BETON NORMAL
Authors: Hariyanto Hariyanto 
Published: February 2020

Uji agregat dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik bahan mix design dengan menggunakan standar pengujian SNI T – 15 – 1990 – 03. Pengujian bahan mix design mulai dari pengujian gradasi agregat, berat isi agregat, berat jenis dan penyerapan agregat, kadar air agregat, kadar silt dan clay agregat. Benda uji dibuat berbentuk kubus dengan campuran adukan beton menggunakan split dan pasir sebagai pembanding, pecahan limbah bangunan sebagai agregat halus dengan komposisi 0%, 40%, 60%, dan 100%, serta semen PCC, dan air, dengan jumlah benda uji masing-masing 15 buah untuk umur pengujian 7 hari, 14 hari, dan 28 hari. Perawatan benda uji dilakukan dengan cara merendam dalam air, pengujian benda uji dilakukan dengan menggunakan Compressor Machine. Hasil pengujian benda uji dengan menggunakan limbah bangunan sebagai agregat halus menunjukkan terjadinya penurunan nilai kuat tekan dari kuat tekan beton rencana. Nilai kuat tekan beton pada umur 28 hari dari penggunaan limbah bangunan sebagai agregat kasar pada proporsi 0% sama dengan nilai kuat tekan beton normal f’c = 20 MPa, sedangkan nilai kuat tekan dengan penggunaan limbah beton sebagai agregat kasar pada proporsi 40%, 60% dan 100% kurang dari nilai kuat tekan beton yang direncanakan ( f’c = 20 MPa ).
PAPBLOCK : PAVING BLOCK DENGAN BAHAN TAMBAH LIMBAH KERTAS
Authors: Syifa Dyah Julia , Gumilang Pandu Dimas , Lestari Anissa Diyah , Gunawan Luky Indra , Safarizki Hendramawat Aski 
Published: February 2020

AbstrakDalam penelitian ini akan mencoba menganalisis penambahan kertas terhadap campuran pembuatan paving, tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dampak penambahan kertas terhadap paving sehingga dapat menjadi paving inovatif dan ramah lingkungan. Metode dalam pembuatan adalah dengan mempersiapkan limbah kertas yang sudah diolah menjadi butiran kecil ukuran 2 mm sebanyak 0%, 5%, 9%, 15% dari berat pasir kemudian dicampurkan dengan pasir dan semen. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu penambahan kertas 0% kuat tekan rata rata 18,16 Mpa, 5% sebesar 8,77 Mpa, 9% sebesar 5,53 Mpa, 15% sebesar 5,97 Mpa. Dari hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa penambahan kertas 5%, 9% dan 15% belum menunjukan adanya peningkatan kuat tekan. Tetapi dapat menjadikan beton lebih ringan dengan variasi paling ringan 15%.Kata kunci: efektivitas, kertas, kuat tekan, paving inovatif AbstractIn this study will try to analyze the addition of paper to the mixture of paving making, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of adding paper to paving so that it can be innovative and environmentally friendly paving. The method of making is to prepare waste paper that has been processed into small granules measuring 2 mm by 0%, 5%, 9%, 15% of the weight of the sand and then mixed with sand and cement. The results of this study are the addition of 0% paper compressive strength of average 18.16 Mpa, 5% of 8.77 Mpa, 9% of 5.53 Mpa, 15% of 5.97 Mpa. The results show that the addition of paper 5%, 9% and 15% has not shown an increase in compressive strength. But it can make lighter concrete with the lightest variation of 15%Keywords: compressive strength, effectiveness, innovative paving, paper
Fluid Inclusions and Rare Earth Elements (REE) analysis in calcite veins: Tectonic - diagenesis interaction in the Rosablanca formation, Mesa de los Santos sector, eastern cordillera, Colombia
Authors: Conde-Gómez Jairo 
Published: February 2020

Studies conducted by means of petrography, cathodoluminescence, SEM, fluid inclusion and REE geochemistry in core samples from the Rosablanca Formation in the Mesa de Los Santos sector, identified two types of material: the host rock classified as Packstones and Grainstones, and veins that texturally expose three types of filling (blocky texture, blocky elongate texture, fibrous texture). Diagenesis is characterized by dissolution, carbonate cement precipitation, compaction, fracturing and fluid circulation through fractures during at least three episodes; these diagenetic processes were contemporaneous with the distensive and compressive tectonic regimes regionally dominant during the Cretaceous, Paleogene and Neogene in the study area. The fluids that generated the different types of texture inside the veins were brines that belonged to the H2O – NaCl – CaCl2 system, with salinities between 0.03 – 12.96 % wt eq NaCl, derived from the Rosablanca Formation that was deposited under oxic conditions, retaining their marine character and implying an autochthonousorigin for the REE present in the veins. The conditions of entrapment for fluid inclusions during the early event were heterogeneous, arising from an immiscible mixture of brines andhydrocarbons, while in the second, they were homogeneous with later post-entrapment processes.later post-entrapment processes.
Upaya Meningkatkan Peran MGMP Matematika SMK Kabupaten Malang Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan E-Modul Matematika SMK
Authors: Sesanti Nyamik Rahayu , Marsitin Retno , Agustina Rini 
Published: February 2020

Abstrak. Kegiatan pengabdian Masyarakat ini ditujukan untuk Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP) Matematika SMK, yang merupakan forum profesionalisme untuk meningkatkan kompetensi dan kinerja guru matematika SMK. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah; (1) meningkatkan peran dan fungsi MGMP Matematika SMK kabupaten Malang dalam memperbaiki kompetensi dan kinerja guru matematika SMK, (2) meningkatkan pemahaman guru matematika SMK terhadap langkah-langkah pembuatan e-modul dan (3) meningkatkan ketrampilan pembuatan e-modul matematika SMK bagi guru matematika SMK Kabupaten Malang. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah; (1) pendampingan kepada pengurus MGMP untuk mengkaji ulang program kerja yang sudah ditentukan, (2) mengadakan workshop pembuatan modul matematika SMK , (3) pelatihan dan pendampingan secara berkelompok kepada guru matematika SMK pada proses kepenulisan modul matematika SMK, (4) Workshop pembuatan e-modul matematika SMK, dan (5) desiminasi e-modul matematika SMK oleh guru matematika SMK Kabupaten. Hasil yang dicapai adalah peningkatan kualitas pertemuan MGMP Matematika SMK Kabupaten Malang dan peningkatan ketrampilan pembuatan e-modul Matematika SMK bagi gurunya. Produk yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan ini adalah e-modul matematika SMKKata Kunci: MGMP Matematika SMK, Guru Matematika SMK, pembuatan e-modul matematika SMK Abstract. The community service program was conducted to the Vocational School Mathematics Teachers’ Forum (MGMP), a professionalism forum for elevating the competence and performance of the vocational school teachers teaching Mathematics. The program was aimed at: (1) improving the roles and functions of the Vocational School Mathematics Teachers’ Forum in Malang Regency, (2) enhancing vocational school Mathematics teachers’ understanding of the procedures of creating Mathematics e-modules, and (3) upgrading the vocational school Mathematics teachers’ skills in creating their Mathematics e-modules. The methods applied were: (1) mentoring the committees of the teachers’ forum in reviewing their work plans, (2) conducting a writing vocational school Mathematics module workshop, (3) training and mentoring the vocational school Mathematics teachers in writing their Mathematics modules in groups, (4) conducting a workshop of creating vocational school Mathematics e-modules, and (5) disseminating the Mathematics e-modules by vocational school Mathematics teachers in Malang Regency. The results of the program were the quality improvement of Mathematics teachers’ forum’s meetings and the writing Mathematics e-module skills’ improvement of the Mathematics teachers in Malang Regency. The products of this community service program were Mathematics e-modules for vocational school students. Keywords: Vocational School Mathematics Teacher’s Forum, Vocational School Mathematics Teachers, vocational school Mathematics e-module writing
APROPIACIONES DE LA CIUDAD. GÉNERO Y PRODUCCIÓN URBANA: LA REIVINDICACIÓN DEL DERECHO A LA CIUDAD COMO PRÁCTICA ESPACIAL
Authors: Marcús Juliana 
Published: February 2020

<p>María Gabriela Navas Perrone y Muna Makhlouf de La Garza (coordinadoras). Barcelona, España. Ediciones Pol.len, 2018, 275 páginas. ISBN: 978-84-16828-35-7.</p>
Does the Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) retain its predictive value as a risk factor in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma patients with Diabetes Mellitus?
Authors: Khatri Anadi , Khatri Bal Kumar , Thapa Madhu , Kharel Muna , K.C. Ashma , Tmalsena Satish 
Published: February 2020

Background: Central Corneal thickness (CCT) is thicker in diabetic patients. This may cause the CCT to lose predictive power as a risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in patients with diabetes.
Objective: To evaluate if CCT of POAG patients with diabetes retains its predictive value as a risk factor.
Methods: A cross sectional analysis of sequential group of patients with POAG with and without diabetes were evaluated HbA1C in diabetic patients and CCT in both groups was measured and the severity of POAG was evaluated using visual field changes and optic disc changes. The correlation was evaluated using confidence interval and liner regression estimator analysis.
Results: Five hundred and eighty-seven patients with POAG were evaluated. The mean CCT for the group combined was 540±34.9 μm. Three hundred and thirty-seven patients had no history of diabetes and had mean CCT of 531.1±19.6 μm. Two hundred and fifty of them had diabetes with mean corneal thickness of 549±20.2 μm. CCT retained its predictive value as a risk factor for severity in POAG patient without diabetes (p<0.05). CCT however was a less sensitive for evaluating risk/severity in POAG patients with diabetes (p>0.05).
Conclusions: CCT values may not retain its predictive value of severity of POAG in patients with diabetes. Hence, CCT alone may not be a reliable marker and mislead treating physicians.
The profile of thyroid disorders in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in PoKhara, Nepal
Authors: Upadhyaya Tirthalal , Sapkota Raju 
Published: February 2020

Background: The profile of thyroid disorder has been reported with limited evidence in Nepal. The aim of this study was to examine the profile and incidence of different types of thyroid disorder in patients attending a hospital appointment in Western Nepal and identify factors associated with it.
Method: This was a hospital-based study. A total of 1000 patients attending the department of medicine at Gandaki Medical College, Teaching Hospital and Diabetes, Thyroid and Endocrinology Care Centre, Pokhara for thyroid examination were recruited. Thyroid disorders were classified as hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, T4-thyrotoxicosis including their sub types where applicable.
Results: Nearly 33% of the participants were found to have some form of thyroid disorders. Majority of the patients with thyroid disorder were females (87%). Hypothyroidism was found to be the most common type of thyroid disorder (57.5%) followed by hyperthyroidism (37.5%) and secondary hyperthyroidism (5.0%). BMI was found to be independently associated with hyperthyroidism on regression model.
Conclusion: Hypothyroidism was found to be the most common thyroid disorder followed by hyperthyroidism. The findings highlight that thyroid disorder is a significant clinical burden and a major public health concern in Western Nepal. The findings also emphasise a need to roll out thyroid screening programmes in the general population so that this condition can be identified and treated early.
Factors affecting students’ satisfaction regarding semester system: Evidence from Pakistani Universities
Authors: Sardar Iqra , Maqsood Zeeshan , Jawad Sana , Akhta Rahila , Latif Humaira 
Published: February 2020

Background: Knowledge of students is more important as compared to their position, marks, and G.P.A. Learning for students performs a vital role as it helps them achieve what they desire in their educational profession. Semester system is based on a six-month duration, examination at the end of eachsemester.
Objectives: This study attempts to find out satisfaction levels of students regarding the semester system in colleges. The study explores various factors like the role of teachers, types of courses, time duration, the medium of learning, management system, college environment, group work factors, all of which have significant impact on satisfaction levels of the students.
Methods: BS Students were taken as target population to take the research sample. Primary data were collected with the help of questionnaire and then analyzed by using SPSS software.
Results: Results show that semester system is perceived to be a most effective way of effectual learning; however, the satisfaction level of students can be enhanced by cooperative efforts of teachers and students.
Conclusions and Recommendation: Although there are many factors elaborated in the study that can efficiently enhance student’s satisfaction, the teacher’s efforts and behavior are the main factors which are directly related to the student’s satisfaction.