bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains to antibacterial drugs for the period 2015–2019 in Samara: opportunities for overcoming
Authors: Sobina S. S. , Zolotov M. O. , Lyamin A. V. , Ismatullin D. D. , Zhestkov A. V. 
Published: June 2020

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae are one of the most dangerous diseases, that can be completely prevented by vaccination. Studies conducted in various regions of the Russian Federation and other countries have revealed certain features in the prevalence of pneumococcus strains, resistant to different antibacterial drugs, which requires local studies among patients of different age groups.The aim of the study was to determine the level of sensitivity of S. pneumoniae, isolated from adult patients, to antibacterial drugs (ABD) and the dynamics of resistance to ABD in Samara for the period of 2015–2019.Methods. A retrospective analysis of data from the microbiological department of clinical diagnostic laboratories of the Clinics of Samara State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia for 2015–2019 was carried out. The microorganism resistance to several groups of ABD was studied – macrolides (erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithro mycin), cephalosporins (ceftriaxone, cefotaxime), fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin) and penicillin. The sensitivity was determined by the disk diffusion method. Statistical processing was performed using the SPSS Statistic 22.0 program. When comparing groups, the χ2 criterion was used; to compare small groups (n < 5), the exact Fisher test was used.Results. Since 2017, there has been a tendency to increase the frequency of pneumococcus isolation in the carrier group. At the same time, a 3-fold decrease in S. pneumoniae excretion from patients with ENT pathology occurred. The highest sensitivity was detected for cephalosporins – 100% sensitivity of all S. pneumoniae strains, detected from ENT organs and during carriage. There is a low level of pneumococcus resistance to levofloxacin. The general sensitivity to ABD from penicillin group is 96.4–98.8%, while the most common resistant strains were found in patients with respiratory tract damage. The highest resistance of S. pneumoniae was revealed to ABD from the macrolide group with a tendency to increase from 4.6% in 2016 to 14.0% in 2019.Conclusion. According to the study results, a rather low level of resistance of S. pneumoniae to most ABD groups, with the exception of macrolides, was demonstrated in Samara. The greatest number of ABD-insensitive pathogens was isolated in patients with pathology of the bronchopulmonary system. A mandatory microbiological examination of the sputum of such patients is necessary with a determination of the sensitivity of the isolated microorganisms to ABD and subsequent correction of therapy upon the identification of resistant strains. Given the increasing resistance of S. pneumoniae in carriers, it is necessary to vaccinate patients in this group.
TELEVISION PROGRAMS TRENDS TOWARDS PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT VALUES: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY
Authors: Shaba Afnan Mohammed 
Published: June 2020

Purpose: Determine TV program trends towards promoting sustainable development values, and analyze program content, and clarifying the role of development media in supporting the values of sustainable development to the public.
Methodology: The descriptive method was used to analyze the content to test the variables and analyze them quantitatively and qualitatively. The number of samples used reached (24) episodes from two TV programs. Reliability tested using retest with Spearman stabilizer.
Main Findings: TV satellite channels are concerned with sustainable economic, environmental, social, cultural, religious and health issues of development, countered by the weak interest in educational and educational issues, programs seek to achieve the goals of media, news, awareness, and guidance, as well as providing various TV forms, Most notably the interview and the report.
Implications: This study found in order to develop the work of television programs towards new issues that are sustainable development and the importance of public awareness of the necessity of employing them in areas of life and improving plans for managing countries towards attention to sustainability and its impact on setting a good future for society.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This Research raises the topic of sustainable development and the trends of development media and television programs towards their promotion in the society.
PENGARUH PENGARUH BENTUK DAN KONFIGURASI ALUR SEKAT TERHADAP UNJUK KERJA MENARA PENDINGIN (COOLING TOWER)
Authors: Abdul Hamid , Lailul Karim , Mohammad Jamroni , Ikhwanul Qiram , Rubiono Gatut Rubiono 
Published: June 2020

The cooling tower is mechanical equipment which used to decrease hot waste water. One of the factors that influence the performance is the filling components. This research is aimed to get the effect of buffle’s shape and configuration due to cooling tower performance. The cooling tower performance is described with range, heat transfer rate, and efficiency. The research is done by an experiment using laboratory scale cooling tower. The shape is varied as circle and triangle with 2-3 and 3-2 in a row configuration. The water flow rate is adjusted with 3 valve opening. Water temperature inlet is varied as 50, 60 and 70oC. The measurements are taken for inlet and outlet water and air temperature for 3 times measurements using K-type thermocouples. The result shows that buffle’s shape and configuration have an effect due to cooling tower performance.
Keywords: cooling tower, performance, buffle’s shape, configuration
PENGARUH LAMA WAKTU PENGGETARAN ULTRASONIC BATH TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK DAN MORFOLOGI PATAHAN BIOKOMPOSIT PATI TAPIOKA/SERAT RAMI (BOEHMERIA NIVEA)
Authors: Asrofi Mochamad , Abral Hairul , Kasim Anwar , Pratoto Adjar , Gevin Herwin , Mahardika Melbi 
Published: June 2020

This study reported about mechanical properties and fracture surface of ramie fiber reinforced tapioca starch based biocomposites. The amount of fibers in matrix was kept constant at 10% from dry weight starch basis. Fabrication of biocomposites was solution casting. The effect of vibration duration from ultrasonic bath was 0, 15, 30, and 45 min. This treatment was applied to biocomposites while gelatinized. Tensile test was carried out to determine the mechanical properties of biocomposites. Fracture surface of biocomposites after tensile test was observed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The result shows that, tensile strength increased when vibration time was added. The maximum tensile strength was obtained at 45 min vibration time with 2,84 MPa. This phenomenon was supported by SEM observation which indicate compact structure.
Keywords: Tapioca starch, ramie fiber, biocomposites, mechanical properties, SEM
PENAMBAHAN SERAT TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (TKKS) DALAM RANGKA MEREDUKSI BERAT KOMPOSIT PAPAN SEMEN
Authors: Tarkono Tarkono - , Ali Hadi - 
Published: June 2020

Inventories of oil palm empty fruit bunches palm (EFBP) at oil palm factories are very abundant. This will be a problem if the handling is not serious. Utilization of EFBP fiber as a technical material is one effort that can be done in order to help reduce the problem of EFBP waste in palm oil mill. EFBP fibers as the substance of fibrous cement board aims to reduce to the weight of the material without lowering its strength. The method of making fibrous cement board by mixing EFBP fiber into dough with 12% marble powder ratio, 10% CaCO3 powder and EFBP fiber volume and portland cement are varied. The addition of EFBP fibers as much as 16% of the total volume can decrease the weight by 15.2%. The results showed that the cement board based on EFBP fibers under optimum conditions has a tensile strength of 1.58 Mpa, density (ρ) of 1519 k g / cm3 and bending strength of 2.61 MPa. Thus, the addition of EFBP fiber to the production of cement board has the potential to be mass produced
Keywords : cement board , fibre, EFBP
INVESTIGASI NUMERIK VIV (VORTEX INDUCED VIBRATION) PADA DIAMETER KABEL HYDROPHONE 0.04 M SISTEM AKUSTIK BAWAH AIR
Authors: Zau Beu Maria Margareta , Kusuma I Putu Andhi Indira 
Published: June 2020

The 2D numerical simulation of an underwater acoustic system undergoing VIV (Vortex Induced Vibration) which is in position parallel to 5 m distance with variation of hydrophone cable position. The diameter of the hydrophone cable in use is 0.04 m, with Reynold numbers (Re) variations of 13000, 15000, 17000, 19000, 21000, 23000, 25000, 27000 and 30000. Position variations are used to determine the flow pattern characteristics that occur behind the cylinder as well the maximum value of drag coefficient (CD) and lift coefficient (CL). The simulation results show that the characteristic flow pattern around a cylinder at each Re value indicates the release of the vortex behind the cylinder with different drag and lift coefficient values.
Keywords: Vortex Shedding, Hydrophone, Acoustic System
PENGGUNAAN METODE KOMPUTERISASI DALAM PENENTUAN TAHANAN KAPAL TANKER
Authors: Sugianto Erik , Haditama Hendika Puji 
Published: June 2020

The ship resistance is influential to choose the ship's main engine, especially tankers that have large block coefficients. In general, ship resistance was obtained by modeling the vessel on a certain scale and then testing on the experimental tank. However, this test requires high funding, because testing requires special places such as towing tanks that have expensive operating costs. This research is intended to get ship prisoner with computerized method for tanker ship. Then the result is validated by Holtrop mathematical approximation method. The result of computerized method for speed 11.4 knots got the value of ship resistance is 86.2 KN. While the method of mathematical approach generated ship resistance is 74.38 KN. So the ship's resistance used to determine the tanker machine is 86.2 KN.
Keywords: Ship resistance, tanker, computerized
SIMULASI PENGARUH STEAM-TO-CARBON RATIO DAN TUBE OUTLET TEMPERATURE TERHADAP REAKSI STEAM REFORMING PADA PRIMARY REFORMER DI PABRIK AMONIAK
Authors: Hakiki Muhammad Natsir , Hidayat Muslikhin , Sutijan Sutijan 
Published: June 2020

Steam reforming, the reaction in Ammonia plant between natural gas and H2O becoming H2 and CO/CO2, is occurred in Primary Reformer and being completed in Secondary Reformer. In Primary Reformer, the reaction commonly occurred at 450-800oC and 36 bars. The endothermic reaction occurred in Ni-based catalyst inside the tube. The heat for this reaction came from the heat of reaction of combustion in the furnace (outer-tube). The flow of H2 will increase along with the increasing flow of the feed gas and the heat transferred from outer-tube to inner-tube. In the other side, there will be energy increasing. So there’s a need of optimization. The need of energy influenced by many parameters e.g. Steam-to-Carbon Ratio (S/C) and Tube Outlet Temperature (Tout) of Primary Reformer. Commonly S/C is 3.20 and maximum Tout is 800oC. That’s why; optimization was conducted by energy calculation at various S/C and Tout. Firstly, reaction and heat transfer in inner-tube and outer-tube were modeled, so we can get the data of temperature and gas composition outlet inner-tube. Then, energy consumption which came from process gas, fuel gas and steam generation was calculated. The range of S/C 2.70-3.70 and Tout 700oC-800oC were chosen for the simulation. The simulation result shown that the need of energy per kmol-H2 outlet Primary Reformer at S/C 3.20 and Tout 800oC was 573.11 MJ/kmol-H2. The need of energy per kmol-H2 outlet Primary Reformer at S/C 3.50 and Tout 780oC (20oC below common Tout) was 573.01 MJ/kmol-H2. It means that decreasing Tout (for tube lifetime increasing) must be compensated with increasing S/C.
Keywords: Primary Reformer, Steam to Carbon Ratio, Tube Outlet Temperature
PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI TEPAT GUNA MESIN PENGIRIS TEMPE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIFITAS UMKM KERIPIK TEMPE DI DESA SILIRAGUNG KECAMATAN SILIRAGUNG
Authors: Ely Trianasari , Dian Pamuji Ridlo , Galang Prayogo Sandy , Ninik Rahayu Sri 
Published: June 2020

Tempe is a favorite food of Indonesian society either from the bottom to the upper class of society. In addition to the cheap price, protein and other nutrients in tempe can meet some of the daily nutritional needs of Indonesian society. As soybean, tempe can also be processed into several foods that are tasty, nutritious and have high economic value. One of processed products using tempe as raw material is tempe chips. Given the increasing prices of basic needs that exist today, many people do small and medium enterprises to meet the basic needs. One of them is by doing tempe chips business. Nowadays, a lot of small business community found selling tempe chips, one of which is in the Siliragung, Banyuwangi. Because the taste is tasty and crunchy, tempe chips are much preferred. In designing the machine, partners and students of Mechanical Engineering Program are involved. The initial phase of this devotional activity is to conduct a survey in order to identify problems faced by partners and conduct a literature study to find solutions to partner problems. After the solution of partner problems obtained, the next step is to design the required machine that is tempe slicing machine. The machine to be made is expected to help the community in increasing the productivity / production capacity of tempe chips compared with manual or traditional process so that the production time can be shortened and the income of the society increases.
Keywords: tempe slicing machine, tempe, productivity.
PERANCANGAN MESIN PEMERAS LENDIR BIJI KAKAO (DEPULPER) TIPE ROTARY UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MUTU BIJI BUAH KAKAO DESA SUMBERAGUNG KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Lusi Nuraini , Akhmad Afandi , IGNB Catrawedarma , Chairul Anam 
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this activity is to improve the productivity of the farmers in the success of cocoa fruit through the use of appropriate technology for the separation of coco seeds / squeezer machine, with the application of this technology is expected to assist farmers in the production process so that the quality results of cocoa produced will be more optimal. Cocoa bean separator machine serves to accelerate the process of separation of salut which during this process is still manually and takes a long time. This salute separator machine as much as possible the process is easy and the results are really on target. The main objective of making cocoa depulper is to assist cocoa farmers in the process of harvesting and improving the quality of crops so that the needs of cocoa farmers can be fulfilled.
Keywords: cocoa, salute, depulper, rotary system
ANALISIS PENGARUH SERAT LIMBAH TEFLON TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK KOMPOSIT FIBER SEBAGAI MATERIAL PENGGANTI ALAS COR BETON
Authors: Aryanta Hendra , Ma’ruf Abdullah , F Khanif Khoirul , Finahari Nurida 
Published: June 2020

Teflon wastes are slightly difficult to recycle because the recycle products have different characteristic. Teflon wastes in flake form can used as alternative composite material. This research is aimed to get the effect of teflon waste due to mechanical properties of fiber composite. The research is done with laboratory experiments. Three different kind of Teflon which are white, blue and grey are studied. Teflon fiber compositions are varied as 0, 50, 70 and 90% of composite volume. The fibers are varied in length as 2, 3 and 4 cm, with 1 mm in width and thickness. Tensile tests are conducted for specimens with ASTM D-4762 standard. Charpy impact tests are conduct for specimens with with ASTM E 23 standard. The crack of the specimens are visualized with a digital camera. The result shows that Teflon fiber has effect due to mechanical properties. White Teflon tend to have greater tensile and impact strength rather grey and blue Teflon. The increase of Teflon composite volume tends to increase tensile and impact strength. Teflon length also tends to increase tensile and impact strength.
Keywords: teflon, waste, composite, mechanical properties
DESAIN PENGEMBANGAN UNIT PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH PLASTIK PADA KELOMPOK PEMULUNG DI KOTA MALANG
Authors: Widjanarko Widjanarko , Fiernaningsih Nilawati , Herijanto Pudji 
Published: June 2020

Types of waste issued by industries and communities are organic and non-organic. Non-organic waste can not decompose naturally but it needs human effort to process it by recycling, one of which is plastic waste. The method is the identification and formulation of problems in landfills / TPS and scavengers, then determined the purpose of the study. By literature study and field study can be concluded that the concept of a suitable problem solving is the method of Quality Function Deployment (QFD). Implementation of QFD in this study to determine the scavengers desire in improving the economic level, by distributing questionnaires to scavengers in Malang. The conclusion of this research is that scavengers want to increase their economic level by adding value to plastic waste. The value added criterion in this research is the increase of plastic waste price from ± Rp 6.000,00 / kg to ± Rp 12.000,00 / kg in the form of chopped. Design of product development of plastic waste cutter machine desired by the user / scavengers at an affordable price of 84.33% and in terms of capacity 72.33%, is a machine with a price of Rp 5,500,000.00 and a capacity of 10 kg / hour.
Keywords: Plastic Waste, Scavengers, Economic Level, Affordable price, Capacity
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI INHIBITOR UBI UNGU TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI BAJA KARBON A53 DENGAN MEDIA AIR LAUT
Authors: Rahmadi Ridho Unggul Nur , Sholahuddin Imam , Djumhariyanto Dwi 
Published: June 2020

Corrosion is a form of damage that occurs in metals. The main factor is the cause of the corrosion environment. A53 steel is a type of low carbon steel and a steel material types that are widely used for pipe applications. The use of a corrosion inhibitor is one way of preventing corrosion. Anthocyanin substances contained in purple yam can be made in a natural inhibitor, because the substance is an antioxidant anthocyanin which is an oxidation inhibitor. Variables used were varied concentration of 0 ppm, 2000 ppm, 4000 ppm and 6000 ppm. This study aims to determine the rate of corrosion, purpel sweet potato extract efficiencies and changes in microstructure. The method used in this study is experimental, inhibitor efficiency analysis, ANOVA test and analysis micro photo. The results showed that the material is corroded by pitting corrosion and uniform shape. Values on concentration lowest corrosion rate of 0.0044 mmpy 6000 ppm and 6000 ppm at the highest efficiency of 72.70%.
Keywords: anthocyanin, steel A53, natural inhibitor, purple sweet potato.
Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity and Glycemic Values of Non-Meat Burger Patties
Authors: Fadly Dzul , Purwayantie Sulvi , Arundhana Andi Imam 
Published: June 2020

Food choices with high antioxidant and low glycemic values may benefit the body's health. High total phenolic content will influence the antioxidant activity that works as a body shield from free radicals. On the other hand, higher glycemic values will increase the risk of non-communicable disease, specifically diabetes mellitus. It will be thoughtful to know the antioxidant activity and glycemic values of the food that consumed. Such in the case of non-meat products, including patty burger, which intended for meat patty burger substitution. This study aims to analyze the values of total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, glycemic response, glycemic index, and glycemic load of the non-meat burger patty. This is an experimental study with a completely randomized design. The total phenolic content was determined by Folin-ciocalteu method. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH method. The glycemic values were determined by an incremental area under the curve (iAUC) method. The values of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of non-meat patty burger was in line. More phenolic content results in a higher antioxidant activity. Non-meat patty burger has a lower glycemic response compared to a reference food. Its glycemic index is high. However, it has a low glycemic load. Non-meat burger patty has phenolic substances result in antioxidant activity, while its consumption with the right serving size may contribute a low glycemic effect and protect blood glucose stability.
Utilization of Cocoa Bean Husk Extract (Theobroma cacao L) on The Product Chocolate Cookies
Authors: Langkong Jumriah , Mahendradatta Meta , M. Tahir Mulyati , Nur Faidah Rahman Andi , Abdullah Nurlaila , Marina N 
Published: June 2020

Cocoa bean husk is one of the byproducts of cocoa, which is only utilized as animal feed and low economic value. The economic value of cocoa bean husks can be enhanced by extracting the husk using methanol into a powder and applied to a product into cookies. Cookies are types of biscuit which are made from soft dough, high in fat and relatively crisp. The purpose of this study is to know the amount of powder that is added and its impact on the cookies product. The analysis was done for the sensory test. In the organoleptic test, the color and odor which were preferred by the panelists was treatment A0 (control), whereas the taste and texture were treatment A1 (addition of 5% powder).
ETHNOBOTANICAL KNOWLEDGE OF THE MOST COMMONLY USED PLANTS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GASTROINTESTINAL AILMENTS IN YOBE STATE, NIGERIA.
Authors: ABDALLAH MUHAMMAD SALIHU , Mustafa Muskhazli , Nallappan Meenakshii A/P , Go Rusea , Go Rusea 
Published: June 2020

Background: Rural and urban people in Nigeria made use of medicinal plants as their curative measures, based on their ancient belief that propounded the authenticity of these plants in treating ailments.
Materials and methods: Data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires across the study area (3senatorial districts),The collected plant species were authenticated and given voucher numbers, and the demographic data was subjected to Chi-square (x2) comparisons using SPSS version 22.
Results: The major family among the surveyed plants, were Fabaceae (dominant), followed by Anacardiaceae and Combretaceae. Moreover, out of 97 respondents, 81 were male (83.5%) and 16 were female (16.5%). It was observed that respondents that were 41-50 years were many into practice ( p = 0.13. The majority of the respondents as compared using chi-square across the parameters, were illiterates (p = 0.06), and very few had a formal training or exposed to workshops (p = 0.02), while the majority inherited and utilized herbal medicine practice as their main sources of income (p = 0.04). The fidelity levels ranged as follows: For diarrhea (18.5% -100%), dysentery (11.11- 45%), pile (11.11 – 50%) and, ulcer covered 9.1% -100%. The ailments were in the range of 0.69 – 0.75 factors of informant consensus. Plant species with RFC values of 0.34, 0.27 and 0.21 as well as those with 0.1, were regarded to have the highest RFC values.
Conclusion: Information collected were mainly on cases of gastrointestinal ailments and first of its kind on the use of medicinal plants in Yobe State, Nigeria.