bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strain‐Sensitive Magnetization Reversal of a van der Waals Magnet
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Cong , Liang Shi‐Jun , Ma Zecheng , Xu Kang , Liu Xiaowei , Zhang Lili , Admasu Alemayehu S. , Cheong Sang‐Wook , Wang Lizheng , Chen Moyu , Liu Zenglin , Cheng Bin , Ji Wei , Miao Feng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBy virtue of the layered structure, van der Waals (vdW) magnets are sensitive to the lattice deformation controlled by the external strain, providing an ideal platform to explore the one‐step magnetization reversal that is still conceptual in conventional magnets due to the limited strain‐tuning range of the coercive field. In this study, a uniaxial tensile strain is applied to thin flakes of the vdW magnet Fe3GeTe2 (FGT), and a dramatic increase of the coercive field (Hc) by more than 150% with an applied strain of 0.32% is observed. Moreover, the change of the transition temperatures between the different magnetic phases under strain is investigated, and the phase diagram of FGT in the strain–temperature plane is obtained. Comparing the phase diagram with theoretical results, the strain‐tunable magnetism is attributed to the sensitive change of magnetic anisotropy energy. Remarkably, strain allows an ultrasensitive magnetization reversal to be achieved, which may promote the development of novel straintronic device applications.
Bio‐Photonic Waveguide of a DNA‐Hybrid Semiconductor Prismatic Hexagon
Authors: Kim Seokho , Cui Chunzhi , Huang Jingyuan , Noh Heeso , Park Dong Hyuk , Ahn Dong June 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA successful identification of DNA–DNA recognition, based on the waveguide effect of a 1D hybrid prismatic hexagon crystal interfacing of DNA with an organic semiconductor is achieved. This bio‐hybrid 1D crystal simultaneously discerns the complementary case at its one end against a 1‐mer mismatch in 27‐mer nucleic acid sequence at the other end. The loss coefficient value of this waveguide is estimated to be 0.159 µm−1 for the perfect match, which is a stark discrepancy compared to 0.244 µm−1 for the 1‐mer mismatch, implying waveguide performance with a higher efficiency. These results demonstrate successfully that multiple biological interactions can be realized by the optical waveguide of the single 1D bio‐hybrid‐crystal and will push this class of materials into bio‐related applications.
Nanonetwork Composite Coating for Sensing and Corrosion Inhibition
Authors: Salaluk Suttiruk , Auepattana‐Aumrung Krisada , Thongchaivetcharat Kusuma , Lv Li‐Ping , Wang Yong , Viyanit Ekkarut , Crespy Daniel 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA nanonetwork composite coating is prepared for serving as both pH sensor and reservoir for the delivery of functional payload. The composite coating consists in nanofibers containing encapsulated pH‐responsive dye and corrosion inhibitor. The nanofibers are then incorporated in a hydrophobic polymer. While the nanofibers remained intact, they provide additional adhesion strength to the metal substrate. Sensing ability and releasing of active payload are demonstrated by immersing in an artificial corrosive environment and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements. The composite coating can detect the early onset of corrosion and hinders efficiently corrosion compared with passive coatings. This concept paves the way for creating smart coatings that can hinder corrosion progress and allow for an early detection of corrosion before irreversible damages on metallic structures.
Nanosponge TS‐1: A Fully Crystalline Hierarchical Epoxidation Catalyst
Authors: Přech Jan , Kim Jaeheon , Mazur Michal , Ryoo Ryong , Čejka Jiří 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEpoxide production by organic synthesis raises environmental and safety issues, especially for industrially relevant substrates larger than C4, which lack effective catalysts for direct epoxidation. However, titanosilicates activate hydrogen peroxide for the epoxidation of CC double bonds. For such purposes, active site accessibility must nevertheless be tuned for each substrate. Accordingly, this paper reports on the preparation, characterization and catalytic properties of an MFI titanosilicate nanosponge (nsTS‐1). nsTS‐1 is prepared by post‐synthesis titanium impregnation of a pure silica MFI nanosponge, producing a fully crystalline and highly open catalyst with a total pore volume of 0.77 cm3 g−1. Due to the high external surface of the nanolayered domains, Ti forms isolated framework‐attached Ti sites rather than extra‐framework TiO2. As a result, the structure of nsTS‐1 is more defined and uniform than the structure of other layered titanosilicate catalysts (e.g., silica–titania pillared TS‐1). Catalytic tests show: i) that nsTS‐1 efficiently catalyzes the epoxidation of cyclic olefins and terpenes and ii) cyclooctene and linalool conversion linearly increases with the external surface area and mesopore volume of the catalyst. Overall, the presented findings enable to tailor effective catalysts for direct epoxidation, thereby potentially reducing costs and waste in the production of large epoxides.
Polymeric Nanoparticles with ROS‐Responsive Prodrug and Platinum Nanozyme for Enhanced Chemophotodynamic Therapy of Colon Cancer
Authors: Hao Ying , Chen Yuwen , He Xinlong , Yu Yongyang , Han Ruxia , Li Yang , Yang Chengli , Hu Danrong , Qian Zhiyong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe combination of chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) has promising potential in the synergistic treatment of cancer. However, chemotherapy and photodynamic synergistic therapy are impeded by uncontrolled chemotherapeutics release behavior, targeting deficiencies, and hypoxia‐associated poor PDT efficacy in solid tumors. Here, a platinum nanozyme (PtNP) loaded reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐responsive prodrug nanoparticle (CPT‐TK‐HPPH/Pt NP) is created to overcome these limitations. The ROS‐responsive prodrug consists of a thioketal bond linked with camptothecin (CPT) and photosensitizer‐2‐(1‐hexyloxyethyl)‐2‐devinyl pyropheophorbide‐a (HPPH). The PtNP in CPT‐TK‐HPPH/Pt NP can efficiently catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into oxygen to relieve hypoxia. The production of oxygen can satisfy the consumption of HPPH under 660 nm laser irradiation to attain the on‐demand release of CPT and ensure enhanced photodynamic therapy. As a tumor diagnosis agent, the results of photoacoustic imaging and fluorescence imaging for CPT‐TK‐HPPH/Pt NP exhibit desirable long circulation and enhanced in vivo targeting. CPT‐TK‐HPPH/Pt NPs effectively inhibit tumor proliferation and growth in vitro and in vivo. CPT‐TK‐HPPH/Pt NP, with its excellent ROS‐responsive drug release behavior and enhanced PDT efficiency can serve as a new cancer theranostic agent, and will further promote the research of chemophotodynamic synergistic cancer therapy.
Life history variation in an invasive plant is associated with climate and recent colonization of a specialist herbivore
Authors: Duncan Sophie S. , Williams Jennifer L. 
Published: September 2020

PREMISESpatial variation in selective pressures can lead to intraspecific variation in life history, favoring some life histories and constraining others depending on the vulnerability of life stages. We examined how spatial variation in herbivory and climate influences flowering size and the occurrence of semelparity (reproducing once) versus iteroparity (reproducing multiple times) in the introduced range of an invasive plant, houndstongue (Cynoglossum officinale). Houndstongue is a short‐lived, semelparous perennial in its native range. In its introduced range, we previously documented increased rates of iteroparity and a higher median threshold flowering size compared to the native range. We hypothesized that the recent introduction of a specialist biocontrol insect (a root‐boring weevil, Mogulones crucifer) would decrease threshold flowering size and reduce the proportion of iteroparous plants because M. crucifer preferentially attacks large individuals and may reduce overwinter survival.METHODSWe surveyed 24 sites across the northwestern United States to quantify the frequency of semelparity versus iteroparity and to estimate weevil abundance and used demographic data collected from six sites to estimate median threshold flowering size.RESULTSWe found that sites with greater winter precipitation and no weevils had a greater proportion of iteroparous plants. Sites with higher weevil attack had a lower median threshold flowering size.CONCLUSIONSThe variation in frequency of flowering and threshold flowering size that we documented in North American houndstongue populations, and the relationships between this variation and herbivory and climate, provide evidence for how selective pressures covary with the life histories of invasive plants.
A novel splice variant expands the LAMC3‐associated cortical phenotype to frontal only polymicrogyria and adult‐onset epilepsy
Authors: Kasper Burkhard S. , Kraus Cornelia , Schwarz Michael , Rösch Julie , Thiel Christian T. , Reis André , Zweier Christiane 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBi‐allelic loss‐of‐function variants in LAMC3, encoding extracellular matrix protein laminin gamma 3, represent a rare cause of occipital polymicrogyria with epilepsy, developmental delay and cognitive impairment. So far, only five families have been reported. We now identified a novel, homozygous splice variant in LAMC3 in an individual with an unusual manifestation of cortical malformation. She presented with polymicrogyria in the frontal but not the occipital lobes, with adult‐onset seizures and normal psychomotor development and cognition. Additionally, ictal asystole, requiring implantation of a pacemaker, and nonepileptic seizures occurred. This case expands the spectrum of LAMC3‐associated cortical malformation phenotypes to frontal only polymicrogyria and adult‐onset of epilepsy.
Progress in the Total Synthesis of Natural Products Embodying Diverse Furofuranone Motifs: A New Millennium Update
Authors: Bhat Bilal A. , Rashid Showkat , Mehta Goverdhan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractComplex, functionally embellished natural products embodying diverse, oxygen rich furofuranone fragments like furo[3,4‐c]furanone, furo[2,3‐b]furanone, furo[3,4‐b]furan‐2(3H)‐one, furo[3,4‐b]furan‐4(2H)‐one and furo[3,4‐b]furan‐6(4H)‐one as the key motif and displaying wide range of biological activities such as anti‐cancer, anti‐HIV, anti‐microbial activities, etc., continue to draw considerable traction towards targeted synthesis, methodolgical developments as well as medicinal chemistry guided efforts. The challenging and tempting combination of complexity laden architecture and varied bioactivity profile, among the variegated furofuranone natural products has led to intense synthetic activity in the arena in recent years and culminated in the total synthesis of structurally diverse family of bioactive metabolites such as gracilioethers, syringolides, degraded spongianes etc. While comprehensively recounting the attainments in the total syntheses of furofuranone natural products in the past two decades (in the 21st century), this review attempts to identify the key tactics deployed in each synthetic campaign. This topical review aims at drawing and sustaining the interest of synthetic chemistry community in undertaking further creative pursuits towards this rich and enticing family of natural products while concurrently exploring the utility driven diversity space around them.
Applying dental microwear texture analysis to the living: Challenges and prospects
Authors: Correia Maria Ana , Foley Robert , Mirazón Lahr Marta 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe food that people and animals consume leaves microscopic traces on teeth in predictable ways, and analyses of these markings—known as dental microwear analyses—allow us to reverse engineer the characteristics of diet. However, the microwear features of modern human diets are most often interpreted through the lens of ethnographic records. Given the subtle variation within human diets when compared to other species, we need better models of how foods and processing techniques produce marks on teeth. Here, we report on the second study to target the occlusal surface microwear of living human populations, and the first to target populations other than foragers.MethodsWe collected 150 dental impressions from five Kenyan communities: El Molo, Turkana (Kerio), Luhya (Webuye), Luhya (Port Victoria), and Luo (Port Victoria), representing a range of subsistence strategies and associated staple diets—fishing, pastoralism, and agriculture. Our results suggest that the occlusal microwear of these groups records differences in diet. However, biofilm obscured most of the molds obtained despite the steps taken to remove it, resulting in only 38 usable surfaces.ResultsDue to the biofilm problem and final sample size, the analysis did not have enough power to demonstrate the differences observed statistically. The results and problems encountered are here explained.ConclusionsConsidering that in vivo studies of dental microwear texture analysis have the potential to increase our understanding of the association between patterns of dental microwear and complex, mixed human diets, resolution of the current pitfalls of the technique is critical.
Network Localization of Alien Limb in Patients with Corticobasal Syndrome
Authors: Tetreault Aaron M. , Phan Tony , Petersen Kalen J. , Claassen Daniel O. , Neth Byran J. , Graff‐Radford Jonathan , Albrecht Franziska , Fliessbach Klaus , Schneider Anja , Synofzik Matthis , Diehl‐Schmid Janine , Otto Markus , Schroeter Matthias L. , Darby Richard Ryan ,   for the 4 Repeat Tau Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: September 2020

ObjectivePerirolandic atrophy occurs in corticobasal syndrome (CBS) but is not specific versus progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). There is heterogeneity in the locations of atrophy outside the perirolandic cortex and it remains unknown why atrophy in different locations would cause the same CBS‐specific symptoms. In prior work, we used a wiring diagram of the brain called the human connectome to localize lesion‐induced disorders to symptom‐specific brain networks. Here, we use a similar technique termed “atrophy network mapping” to localize single‐subject atrophy maps to symptom‐specific brain networks.MethodsSingle‐subject atrophy maps were generated by comparing cortical thickness in patients with CBS versus controls. Next, we performed seed‐based functional connectivity using a large normative connectome to determine brain regions functionally connected to each patient's atrophied locations.ResultsPatients with CBS had perirolandic atrophy versus controls at the group level, but locations of atrophy in CBS were heterogeneous outside of the perirolandic cortex at the single‐subject level (mean spatial correlation = 0.04). In contrast, atrophy occurred in locations functionally connected to the perirolandic cortex in all patients with CBS (spatial correlation = 0.66). Compared with PSP, patients with CBS had atrophy connected to a network of higher‐order sensorimotor regions beyond perirolandic cortex, matching a CBS atrophy network from a recent meta‐analysis. Finally, atrophy network mapping identified a symptom‐specific network for alien limb, matching a lesion‐induced alien limb network and a network associated with agency in healthy subjects.InterpretationWe identified a syndrome‐specific network for CBS and symptom‐specific network for alien limb using single‐subject atrophy maps and the human connectome. ANN NEUROL 2020;88:1118–1131
The Relative Thermodynamic Stability of Diamond and Graphite
Authors: White Mary Anne , Kahwaji Samer , Freitas Vera L. S. , Siewert Riko , Weatherby Joseph A. , Ribeiro da Silva Maria D. M. C. , Verevkin Sergey P. , Johnson Erin R. , Zwanziger Josef W. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations raised the possibility that diamond could be degenerate with graphite at very low temperatures. Through high‐accuracy calorimetric experiments closing gaps in available data, we reinvestigate the relative thermodynamic stability of diamond and graphite. For T<400 K, graphite is always more stable than diamond at ambient pressure. At low temperatures, the stability is enthalpically driven, and entropy terms add to the stability at higher temperatures. We also carried out DFT calculations: B86bPBE‐25X‐XDM//B86bPBE‐XDM and PBE0‐XDM//PBE‐XDM results overlap with the experimental −TΔS results and bracket the experimental values of ΔH and ΔG, displaced by only about 2× the experimental uncertainty. Revised values of the standard thermodynamic functions for diamond are ΔfHo=−2150±150 J mol−1, ΔfSo=3.44±0.03 J K−1 mol−1 and ΔfGo=−3170±150 J mol−1.
Expeditious Total Synthesis of Hemiasterlin through a Convergent Multicomponent Strategy and Its Use in Targeted Cancer Therapeutics
Authors: Charoenpattarapreeda Jiraborrirak , Walsh Stephen J. , Carroll Jason S. , Spring David R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHemiasterlin is an antimitotic marine natural product with reported sub‐nanomolar potency against several cancer cell lines. Herein, we describe an expeditious total synthesis of hemiasterlin featuring a four‐component Ugi reaction (Ugi‐4CR) as the key step. The convergent synthetic strategy enabled rapid access to taltobulin (HTI‐286), a similarly potent synthetic analogue. This short synthetic sequence enabled investigation of both hemiasterlin and taltobulin as cytotoxic payloads in antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs). These novel ADCs displayed sub‐nanomolar cytotoxicity against HER2‐expressing cancer cells, while showing no activity against antigen‐negative cells. This study demonstrates an improved synthetic route to a highly valuable natural product, facilitating further investigation of hemiasterlin and its analogues as potential payloads in targeted therapeutics.
Molekulare Zinkhydridkationen [ZnH]+: Synthese, Struktur und CO2‐Hydrosilylierungskatalyse
Authors: Ritter Florian , Spaniol Thomas P. , Douair Iskander , Maron Laurent , Okuda Jun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDurch Protonolyse von [ZnH2]n mit der konjugierten Brønsted‐Säure der Amine TMEDA (N,N,N′,N′‐Tetramethylethan‐1,2‐diamin) und TEEDA (N,N,N′,N′‐Tetraethylethan‐1,2‐diamin) kann das Zinkhydridkation [(L2)ZnH]+, entweder als monomeres THF‐Addukt [(L2)ZnH(thf)]+[BArF4]− (L2=TMEDA; BArF4−=[B(3,5‐(CF3)2‐C6H3)4]−) oder als Dimer [{(L2)Zn)}2(μ‐H)2]2+[BArF4]−2 (L2=TEEDA), synthetisiert werden. Im Gegensatz zu [ZnH2]n sind die kationischen Zinkhydride thermisch stabil und in THF löslich. Weiterhin ist [(L2)ZnH]+ in der Lage, zwei‐ und dreikernige Addukte des für sich allein instabilen neutralen [(L2)ZnH2] zu bilden. Alle Hydrid‐haltigen Kationen reagieren rasch mit CO2 und führen zu entsprechenden Formiatkomplexen. Weiterhin katalysiert [(TMEDA)ZnH]+[BArF4]− die Hydrosilylierung von CO2 mit tertiären Hydrosilanen schrittweise zu Formoxysilan, Methylformiat und Methoxysilan. Überraschenderweise wird eine Zink‐katalysierte Umesterung von Methoxysilan mit Formoxysilan zu Methylformiat beobachtet, das letztlich in Methoxysilan umgewandelt wird.
Host Differential Sensitization toward Color/Lifetime‐Tuned Lanthanide Coordination Polymers for Optical Multiplexing
Authors: Ou Yiyi , Zhou Weijie , Zhu Zece , Ma Fengkai , Zhou Rongfu , Su Fang , Zheng Lirong , Ma Li , Liang Hongbin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractOptical multiplexing based on luminescent materials with tunable color/lifetime has potential applications in information storage and security. However, the available tunable luminescent materials reported so far still suffer from several drawbacks of low efficiency or poor stability, thus restraining their further applications. Herein, we demonstrate a strategy to develop efficient and stable lanthanide coordination polymers (LCPs) with tunable luminescence as a new option for optical multiplexing. Their multicolor emission from green to red and naked‐eye‐sensitive green emission with tunable lifetime (from ca. 300 to ca. 600 μs) can be controlled by host differential sensitization and energy transfer between lanthanide ions. The quantum efficiencies of developed samples range from around 20 % to 46 % and the luminescence intensity/lifetime appear quite stable in polar solvents up to ten weeks. Furthermore, with the aid of inkjet printing and concepts of luminescence lifetime imaging and time‐gated imaging, we illustrate their promising applications of information storage and security in spatial and temporal domains.
Die Bildung nukleophiler Allylborane aus molekularem Wasserstoff und Allenen katalysiert durch ein Pyridonatboran, das die Reaktivität eines frustrierten Lewis‐Paares zeigt
Authors: Hasenbeck Max , Ahles Sebastian , Averdunk Arthur , Becker Jonathan , Gellrich Urs 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWir berichten über die In‐situ‐Darstellung von nukleophilen Allylboranen aus H2 und Allenen durch ein Pyridonatboran, das die Reaktivität eines frustrierten Lewis‐Paares zeigt. Experimentelle und computerchemische Untersuchungen zeigen, dass der kovalent gebundene Pyridonatsubstituent durch die H2‐Aktivierung zu einem dativ gebundenen Pyridonliganden wird. Die Dissoziation des somit gebildeten Pyridon‐Boran‐Komplexes setzt Piers′ Boran frei, was die Hydroborierung eines Allens ermöglicht. Die auf diesem Weg gebildeten Allylborane sind reaktiv gegenüber Nitrilen. Eine katalytische Methode zur Bildung von Allyboranen aus H2 und Allenen und der Allylierung von Nitrilen wurde entwickelt. Diese katalytische Reaktion ist ein konzeptionell neuer Ansatz zur Nutzung von molekularem Wasserstoff in der organischen Synthese.
Print base decorative paper with high‐dimensional stability by chemical fiber modification: An experimental and analytical approach
Authors: Barletta Massimiliano , Gisario Annamaria , Mohammadzadeh Amin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe main structural component of wood fibers is cellulose, which, being highly hydrophilic, interacts with water. Cellulose‐based paper has, therefore, the same affinity with water. However, for most products such as decorative paper, this is more of a disadvantage, where water uptake both as liquid and from humid air not only weakens the paper by breaking hydrogen bonds but also alters its dimension and stability over time. The dimensional stability (ability of the paper to retain the size as its moisture content changes) is a critical parameter when the paper is submitted to printing, copying, and converting operations. Humidity can cause sheet wrinkling or warping, thus compromising the processability and the results achievable. The modification of fibers with chemical additives can be a way to improve the performance of paper against water and water vapor uptake. For this reason, several tests of horizontal diffusion of solvents were carried out to evaluate the change in uptake of as‐is paper and of papers modified by several different chemical treatments. Solvent uptake tests were performed to assess the interaction of chemically treated and untreated papers with water, dichloromethane, and ethanol. Diffusion mechanisms of the solvents flow within the fiber networks and their movement through the porous solids were analyzed. The chemical treatments of the fiber with silane, siloxane, and polyelectrolyte multilayer were found to considerably influence both solvent contact angles and absorption times of the papers, thus affecting the rate of solvent (more interestingly, of the water) diffusion into the fiber wall. By comparing all the treated and untreated samples, the contact angles with the solvents decreased by performing siloxane, oligo‐siloxane, and silane treatments. More specifically, the diffusivity rates of water decreased because of the disappearance of a fraction of the hydrophilic sites and the onset of higher crystallinity regions on the paper sheets.