bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation and GWAS of radicle gravitropic response in a core rice germplasms population
Authors: lou qiaojun , Li Qingsong , Feng Fangjun , Joynson Ryan , Yang Yunan , Luo Lijun , Chen Liang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Gravitropism is one of the primary determinants of root development, facilitating root penetration into soil and subsequent absorption of water and nutrients. In this study, the gravitropism of 226 Chinese rice micro-core accessions and drought-resistant core accessions were assessed. The average value of gravitropic response speed of radicle roots was 41.05°/h in the population ranging from 16.77°/h to 62.83°/h. We observed a highly significant difference in gravity response speed between Indica (42.49°/h) and Japonica (39.71°/h) subspecies with p-value < 0.002. The correlation analysis showed that the gravitational response speed of radicle roots was significantly positively correlated with the number of deep roots (correlation coefficient = 0.16), the growth speed of radicle roots (correlation coefficient = 0.21) and the drought resistance coefficient (correlation coefficient = 0.14). Using genome-wide association analysis (GWAS), 4 QTLs(quantitative traits) associating with gravitropic response speed were identified on chromosome 4,11 and 12. From within these intervals 5 candidate genes were screened for qPCR verification in 6 extreme rice varieties, demonstrating that gene LOC_Os12g29350 may regulate gravitropism negatively and confirming it’s candidacy for further study.
Prediction of Potential Prognostic Tumor Markers of Re-ascites After Chemotherapy for Ovarian Cancer Based on LC/MS Method ​
Authors: Liu Miao , Liu Yu , Jing Yixin , Zhao Shuang , Yang Shujia , Zhang Nan , Jin Shi , Li Yafei , Weng Mingjiao , Yang Yongheng , Feng Hua , Jin Xiaoming , Kong Dan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Tumor cells are not only in a state of exuberant metabolism, but also inseparable from the surrounding microenvironment for the occurrence and development of tumors. By means of metabonomics technology, the metabolic profiles of re-ascites after chemotherapy in ovarian cancer ascites microenvironment were compared, and new tumor markers were screened for the treatment and prognosis of ovarian cancer.Methods: Thirty-seven cases of ovarian cancer were selected, of which 12 cases had ovarian cancer tissues, ascites supernatant and precipitated cells. By using UHPLC-Q-TOF MS/MS and combined with HMDB database, differential metabolites are identified and then differential pathways are enriched. Results: The results revealed that 10 differential metabolites were screened between chemotherapy and no-chemotherapy groups, and 9 differential metabolites were found in chemotherapy-sensitive and chemotherapy-resistant groups, in the ascites of ovarian cancer. Among the 19 differential metabolites, 9 metabolites combined with serum CA125 were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic analyses, which showed more the predictive value of diagnosis of malignancy. Among them, Tow differential metabolites (2/9) were correlated with the expression of CA125, five differential metabolite (5/9) related enzyme genes were statistically significant in overall survival and progression free survival (PFS) analysis. Four differential metabolites (4/9) were correlated with the expression of uric acid, creatinine, γ-GGT and ALP in serum. Conclusions: The results suggest that differential metabolites are mainly involved in PPAR signal pathway, steroid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, secondary bile acid biosynthesis and so on. Lipid metabolites of ovarian cancer ascites cells may promote fatty acid oxidation by activating AMPK, promote lipid synthesis through mTOR/PPAR, provide energy for cancer cells, inhibit apoptosis and promote metastasis. Thus targeted lipid metabolism signal transduction axis can inhibit ovarian cancer metastasis and drug resistance.
Trends in the Prevalence and Incidence of Anxiety and Depression in Adult Population in Iran: Findings from Kerman Coronary Artery Diseases Risk factors Study (KERCADRS)
Authors: Najafipour Hamid , Shahrokhabadi mohadeseh Shojaei , Banivaheb Ghodsyeh , Sabahi Abdolreza , Shadkam Mitra , Mirzazadeh Ali 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Anxiety and depression (A&D) are common mental disorders with high economical and health burdens. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the incidence rate of A&D and their relationship with socio-demographic and other risk factors and co-morbidities in adults living in southeastern Iran.Method: We recruited adults (15 to 80 years) in two rounds (2009-2012, 2014-2018) of a population-based cohort study called Kerman coronary artery disease risk factors study (KERCADRS) in Kerman, Iran. The age-standardized A&D prevalence was measured among all participants (n=9996) and the five-year A&D incidence rate was measured in those who were free of A&D in the first round (n = 2813). The relationship between A&D and demographic characteristics, smoking, opium use, obesity and physical activity was assessed by logistic regression models. Results: Overall, the prevalence of anxiety (48.1% to 16.4%, P-value <0.001) and depression (5.9% to 1.3% P-value <0.001) decreased between the two rounds. The highest prevalence of anxiety was among people who were unemployed (%?), smokers (%?), and opium users (%?). Young adults, women, those divorced or widowed, and those with obesity and low physical activity had a higher chance for anxiety. The five-year incidence rate (person/1000 person-years) was 15.0 for anxiety and 3.9 for depression.Conclusion: Despite the overall decrease in the prevalence of A&D, certain groups such as young adults, women, unemployed and those who smoke cigarettes or opium, people with low physical activity and obesity are in need of more targeted interventions.
A Novel Micro Gripper-based Manipulation System for a Single μLED Array
Authors: Bai Jie , Niu Ping-Juan , Er-Dan Gu , Tee Clarence-Augustine-TH 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
μLED has advantages in brightness, power consumption and response speed. In addition, μLED can also be used as micro sensors implanted in the body via flexible electronic skin. One of the key technology is the transfer printing of μLED. Although numerous methods have been proposed for transfer printing technology, improving the yield of μLED array is still a formidable task. In this paper, we proposed a novel method in improving the yield of μLED array, transferred by the stamping method, using an innovative design of piezoelectric driven asymmetric micro gripper. A μLED manipulation system was constructed based on a micro gripper of a three dimensional positioning system. The experimental results showed that this system could be used to manipulate μLED array.
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow As Predictor Of Response To Occipital Nerve Block In Cluster Headache
Authors: Hernandez Sonia Medina , Bakar Norazah Abu , O'Daly Owen , Makovac Elena , Miller Sarah , Renton Tara , Williams Steven , Matharu Manjit , Howard Matthew 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Cluster headache is an excruciating disorder with no cure. Greater occipital nerve blockades can transiently suppress attacks in approximately 50% of patients, however, its mechanism of action remains uncertain, and there are no reliable predictors of treatment response. To address this, we investigated the effect of occipital nerve blockade on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), an index of brain activity, and differences between treatment responders and non-responders. Finally, we compared baseline perfusion maps from patients to a matched group of healthy controls.

Methods: 21 male, treatment-naive patients were recruited while in a cluster headache bout. During a pain-free phase between headaches, patients underwent pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelled MRI assessments to provide quantitative indices of rCBF. MRIs were performed prior to and 8-to-22 days following treatment. Patients also recorded the frequency of their headache attacks in a daily paper diary. Neuropsychological assessment including anxiety, depression and quality of life measures was performed in a first, scanning free session for each patient.

Results: Following treatment, patients demonstrated relative rCBF reductions in posterior temporal gyrus, cerebellum and caudate, and rCBF increases in occipital cortex. Responders demonstrated relative rCBF increases, compared to non-responders, in medial prefrontal cortex and lateral occipital cortex at baseline, but relative reductions in cingulate and middle temporal cortices. rCBF was increased in patients compared to healthy controls in cerebellum and hippocampus, but reduced in orbitofrontal cortex, insula and middle temporal gyrus.

Conclusions: We provide new mechanistic insights regarding the aetiology of cluster headache, the mechanisms of action of occipital nerve blockades and potential predictors of treatment response. Future investigation should determine whether observed effects are reproducible and extend to other headache disorders.
A Large Database Study of Hospitalization Charges and Follow-up Re-admissions in Us Lumbar Fusion Surgeries Using a Cellular Bone Allograft (CBA) Versus Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (rhBMP-2)
Authors: Wetzell Bradley , McLean Julie B , Moore Mark A , Kondragunta Venkateswarlu , Dorsch Kimberly 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThis retrospective study of a large US healthcare system database compared initial procedure and 12-month follow-up hospitalization charges and resource utilization (lengths of stay; LOS) for lumbar fusion surgeries using either recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP‑2) or a cellular bone allograft comprised of viable lineage-committed bone cells (V‑CBA). Potentially-relevant re-admissions during the follow-up period were also assessed.MethodsA total of 16,172 patients underwent lumbar fusion surgery using V-CBA or rhBMP-2, of whom 3,503 (21.66%) patients had follow-up re‑admission data. Initial patient, procedure, and hospital characteristics were assessed to determine confounding factors. Multivariate regression modeling compared differences in hospitalization charges (in 2018 US dollars) and LOS (in days) between the groups, as well as incidences of potentially-relevant re‑admissions during the 12‑month follow‑up period.ResultsThe adjusted mean initial procedure and 12-month follow‑up hospital charges were significantly lower in the V-CBA group versus the rhBMP‑2 group ($109,061 and $108,315 versus $160,191 and $130,406, respectively; P<0.0001 for both comparisons). This disparity remained in an ad hoc comparison of charges for initial single-level treatments only (V‑CBA = $103,064, rhBMP-2 = $149,620; P<0.0001).The adjusted mean initial LOS were significantly lower in the V‑CBA group (3.77 days) versus the rhBMP-2 group (3.88 days; P<0.0001), but significantly higher for the cumulative follow-up hospitalizations in the 12‑month follow-up period (7.87 versus 7.46 days, respectively; P<0.0001). Differences in rates of follow-up re‑admissions aligned with comorbidities at the initial procedure. Subsequent lumbar fusion rates were comparable, but significantly lower for V-CBA patients who had undergone single-level treatments only, in spite of V‑CBA patients having significantly higher rates of initial comorbidities that could negatively impact clinical outcomes.ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that use of V-CBA for lumbar fusion surgeries performed in the US may result in substantially lower overall hospitalization charges versus rhBMP-2, with both exhibiting similar rates of 12-month re-admissions and subsequent lumbar fusion procedures.
Injury Mechanism Affects the Stability of Suture-Button Syndesmosis Fixation.
Authors: Chen Kuan-Hao , Chen Chih-Hwa , Huang Yu-Min , Lee Hsieh-Hsing , Tsuang Yang-Hwei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Ankle syndesmosis injury is a common condition, and the injury mechanism can be sorted into pure-syndesmosis injury, Weber-B and Weber-C type fractures. This study aims to evaluate the treatment outcomes and stability of suture-button fixation for syndesmosis injury with different injury mechanisms. We hypothesized that injury mechanisms would alter the stability of suture-button fixation.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 63 patients with ankle syndesmosis injury underwent surgery with TightRope (Arthrex, Naples, FL, USA) from April 2014 to February 2019. The stability of suture-button fixation with TightRope were evaluated by comparing the preoperative, postoperative, and final follow-up measurements of tibiofibular clear space (TFCS), tibiofibular overlap (TFO), and medial clear space (MCS). A subgroup analysis for each demographic group and injury type including pure-syndesmosis injury, Weber-B and Weber-C type fractures were performed. Results: Syndesmosis was effectively reduced using TightRope. After the index surgery, the tibiofibular clear space was reduced from 7.73 mm to 4.04 mm, the tibiofibular overlap was increased from 3.05 mm to 6.44 mm, and the medial clear space was reduced from 8.12 mm to 3.54 mm. However, syndesmosis widening was noted at the final follow-up, especially in Weber-C type fractures (TFCS: 3.82 to 4.45 mm, p < 0.01 and TFO: 6.86 to 6.29 mm, p = 0.04). Though widened, the final follow-up values of tibiofibular clear space and tibiofibular overlap were in the acceptable range. Postoperatively and at the final follow-up, medial clear space was found to be significantly larger in the Weber-C group than in the pure syndesmosis and Weber-B groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Suture-button fixation can offer anatomic reduction and dynamic fixation in syndesmosis injuries. However, when using this modality for Weber-C type fractures, more attention should be focused on the accuracy of reduction, especially of medial clear space, and rediastasis should be carefully monitored.Trial registration: This trial was retrospectively approved by TMU-JIRB. Registration number N202004122, and the date of approval was May 06, 2020.Level of evidence: III
Mineral and Protein Content of Wheat Grains as Influenced by Variety, Soil, and Fertilizer1
Authors: Singh H. B. , Lamb C. A. 
Published: August 2020

SynopsisSignificant differences between wheat varieties with respect to the amount and composition of the ash of the grain, independent of location and fertilizer treatment, were found. Such differences between wheats must be due to gene action and may play a part in determining baking quality.
Three-Dimensional and Microstructural Fingerprinting of Gold Nanoparticles at Fluid-Mineral Interfaces
Authors: Zhou Haoyang , Wirth Richard , Gleeson Sarah A. , Schreiber Anja , Mayanna Sathish 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Recent studies have identified gold nanoparticles in ores in a range of deposit types, but little is known about their formation processes. In this contribution, gold-bearing magnetite from the well-documented, world-class Beiya Au deposit, China, was investigated in terms of microstructure and crystallography at the nanoscale. We present the first three-dimensional (3D) focused ion beam/scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM) tomography of the distribution of gold nanoparticles in nanopores in the low-Si magnetite. The porous low-Si magnetite, which overprints an earlier generation of silician magnetite, was formed by a coupled dissolution-reprecipitation reaction (CDRR). The extrinsic changes in thermodynamic conditions (e.g., S content and temperature) of the hydrothermal fluids resulted in the CDRR in magnetite and the disequilibrium of Au-Bi melts. The gold nanoparticles crystallized from Au-supersaturated fluids originating from the disequilibrium of Au-Bi melts and grew in two ways depending on the intrinsic crystal structure and pore textures: (1) heteroepitaxial growth utilizing the (111) lattice planes of magnetite, and (2) randomly oriented nucleation and growth. Therefore, this study unravels how intrinsic and extrinsic factors drove the formation of gold nanoparticles at fluid-mineral interfaces.
Virtual Screening Based Discovery of PTP1B Inhibitors and Their Biological Evaluations
Authors: Maheshwari Neelesh , Karthikeyan Chandrabose , Bhadada Shraddha V. , Verma Amit K. , Sahi Chandan , Moorthy N.S. Hari Narayana , Trivedi Piyush 
Published: August 2020

Background :
The discovery of novel antidiabetics for the treatment of type 2 diabetes
mellitus (T2DM) is an important task nowadays because the current treatment approaches have certain
limitations. The reported studies showed that the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a
valuable target, can be used to develop significant antidiabetic molecules.

Objective:
In the present investigation, computational methods and biological evaluation studies have
been applied to develop novel PTP1B inhibitors with good enzyme binding affinity and activity.

Methods:
Virtual screening (docking) analysis of SPECS database compounds on PTP1B enzyme
was performed using Schrodinger software. In vitro and in vivo biological evaluations had been
conducted with the identified hits.

Results:
The results revealed that the molecules identified through these studies have shown significant
interactions with the active site residues of the PTP1B enzyme. The compounds S1 and S2 provided
significant binding interactions with the residues (Arg221 and Gln262) and have shown considerable
in vitro PTP1B inhibitory activity and in vivo antidiabetic activity. The compounds S1 and
S2 possessed 35.44±0.12% and 33.68±0.08% inhibitory activities, respectively.

Conclusion:
These identified hits will be used as a template for design and development of novel
PTP1B inhibitors with a compatible pharmacokinetic profile.
Anti-annexin A5, Antiphosphatidylinositol Antibodies, and Haematological Parameters in Preeclampsia Patients: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Mahmood Wan Haslindawani Wan , Islam Md Asiful , Abdullah Mimi Azreen , Noor Noor Haslina Mohd , Subbiah Indhira , Ismail Ahmad Amir , Hassan Mohd Haslan , Abdullah Wan Zaidah 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Prevalence and the risk of common antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs),
such as lupus anticoagulant (LA), anticardiolipin (aCL), and anti-β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI) antibodies,
in preeclampsia is a matter of debate. Recently, interests have expanded in evaluating the
risks of presenting non-classic aPLs in preeclampsia patients.

Objective:
The objective of this case-control study was to evaluate some hematological parameters
besides assessing the presence of anti-annexin A5 and anti phosphatidylinositol (aPI) antibodies in
preeclampsia patients compared to non-preeclampsia subjects.

Methods:
From two hospitals in Malaysia, a total of 84 subjects were recruited in this case-control
study, including 42 preeclampsia and 42 age-matched non-preeclampsia subjects. Some hematological
parameters [i.e., hemoglobin, total white blood cell, platelet, prothrombin time, and activated
partial thromboplastin time (APTT)] were assessed besides screening for anti-annexin A5 and
aPI antibodies.

Results:
Among the hematological parameters, APTT was significantly high in mild preeclampsia
when compared to severe preeclampsia subjects (p=0.007). IgG anti-annexin A5 antibody was detected
in a single preeclampsia subject only (2.4%) and none in non-preeclampsia subjects.

Conclusion:
Because of the low prevalence, non-classic aPLs should not be considered as a risk
factor in developing preeclampsia and it is not justifiable to consider them as a routine assay in
pregnant women.
Photocatalysis and Virus. From Theory to Applications
Authors: Guerrini Gian Luca 
Published: August 2020

:
What is photocatalysis? How can it be used for sanitizing purposes? Is it active against viruses?
We take stock of it by updating it to the pandemic situation created with the outbreak of
COVID-19 due to the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. A short report of how surfaces and construction
products can be functionalized to obtain effective results to improve the environment in which we live
is made.

:
After a brief description of what a virus is, we will describe the photocatalysis and the possible mechanisms
that trigger with it, for the degradation of microorganisms. Then, some currently available
technical and commercial solutions (materials and devices) will be explained. Finally, an overview of
existing standards on photocatalysis is also given.

:
Based on the literature analysed, it seems clear that photocatalysis is an effective solution for the initial
inactivation and the following degradation of viruses, provided that there are adequate light (irradiation)
conditions, favourable environmental conditions (temperature, relative humidity) and suitable
type/quantity of photocatalyst capable of interacting and accelerating the chemical-physical processes
needed for the purpose.

:
This provides the opportunity to use new disinfectants in public environments, such as public toilets,
schools, hospitals, stations, airports, hotels, shopping centers, or public transportation, which are ideal
places for the transmission of pathogens.
Three-Dimension Measurement of Mechanical Parts Based on Structure
from Motion(SfM) Algorithm
Authors: Hang LI , Xi Tong , Wei Jiang , Hongmei XU 
Published: August 2020

Background:
As an important branch of computer vision, visual measurement is a fast developing cutting-edge technology, which has been widely used in the manufacturing field. In recent years, the visual measurement of feature size of probes through small IC probes has aroused wide concern.

Objective:
This study aims to take small shaft parts as the research object in order to provide a full set of novel and reliable technical means for the three-dimension measurement of mechanical parts.

Methods:
Firstly, the trinocular vision measurement system based on the curved cantilever mechanism was designed and constructed. Secondly, the measurement system was used to collect the part images from different angles, and the images derived from the four categories of segmentation algorithms such as threshold-based, region-based segmentation algorithm were compared and analyzed. Lazy Snapping image segmentation algorithm was used to extract the foreground parts of each image. After comparing and analyzing SfM-based algorithm and Visual Hull-based algorithm, the SfM-based algorithm was adopted to reconstruct the 3D morphology of the parts. The measurement of the relevant dimensions was performed.

Results:
The results shows that Lazy Snapping's human-computer interaction brush function improves the accuracy and stability of image segmentation of different algorithms, such as threshold value method, regional method, Grab Cut, and Dense Cut. The SfM-based 3D reconstruction algorithm is of high robustness and fast speed.

Conclusion:
This study provides an effective method for measuring small mechanical parts, which will shorten the measurement cycle, improve the measurement speed, and reduce the measurement cost.