bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Musculoskeletal Disorders and Its Related Factors among Workers in Circulator Loom Unit
Authors: Rachmawati Dian , Hidayat Sho’im 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) defined as a disorder of muscles, nerves, and tendons compounded by the unergonomic working posture. Workers in Circulator Loom Unit of PT. Kerta Rajasa Raya are at risk for experiencing MSDs because of their unergonomic works. The purpose of this research was to learn more about MSDs including its related factors in Circulator Loom unit of PT. Kerja Rajasa Raya workers. Methods: this was a descriptive research which conducted using the observational method. The respondents were total population workers of Circulator Loom Unit at PT Kerta Rajasa Raya which is up to 47 workers. This research used MSDs complaint, working postures, and individual factors including age, sex, working period, physical fitness, and body mass index as the variable data. Results: 91.5% respondents were experiencing MSDs with 53.5% were in moderate severity level. Using REBA method to calculate the ergonomic risk level, it can be concluded that 23.4% of respondents have low risk of experiencing MSDs, 68.1% in medium risk, and 8.5% of respondents were having high risk of experiencing MSDs. Conclusion: working posture was the most influential factor causing MSDs with correlation coefficient score 0.629, in addition, working period, age, sex, Body Mass Index, and physical fitness were existed as supporting factors. Keywords: ergonomic, musculoskeletal disorders, working posture
The Correlation between Knowledge, Attitudes toward Occupational Safety and Health and Near Miss
Authors: Safitri Febrina Dewi , Widajati Noeroel 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: The results of the research conducted by Frank Bird concluded that every occupational safety and health is preceded by a near-injury occurrence or near miss. Near miss is an incidence that potentially causes loss, which is triggered by direct factors, namely unsafe action, and unsafe conditions, and basic factors, such as workers and works. The workers as a basic factor comprise their knowledge and attitudes towards occupational safety and health-related to personal protective equipment (PPE). Methods: This research is descriptive research that aims to identify the strength of the relationship between the knowledge and attitudes toward occupational safety and health that is related to PPE in the Outfitting Unit at PT. Dok dan Perkapalan Surabaya by applying the cross-sectional design. The data is obtained by questionnaire and interview. The questionnaire is distributed to all 30 workers in the Outfitting Unit at PT. Dok dan Perkapalan Surabaya. Results: Indicate that the majority of the workers experience a low-level of near-miss (90%), while the other 10% experience a moderate-level of near-miss. The correlation coefficient value as many as 0.149 denotes that there is a weak relationship between the workers’ knowledge of occupational safety and health and a near miss. Similarly, the relationship between the workers’ attitudes toward occupational safety and health regarding PPR and near-miss is also a weak relationship with the correlation coefficient value of 0.236. In conclusion, it is affirmed that effective communication between units and the provision of PPE are the factors that cause the occurrence of near-miss in the company. Keywords: attitude, knowledge, near miss
Heart rate variability and systemic hemodynamic state in adults with a first time, non-traumatic epileptic seizure during an orthoclinostatic stress test
Authors: Grebenyuk O. V. , Alifirova V. M. , Svetlik M. V. , Kataeva N. G. , Vasilyev V. N. 
Published: February 2020

The aimof the study was to investigate vegetative maintenance of the activity and state of systemic hemodynamics in patients with a first time, non-traumatic epileptic seizure during a tilt table test (TTT).Materials and methods. TTT was performed in 42 patients with absence of seizures and 78 patients having experienced unprovoked seizures. A control group included 70 patients with non-epileptic seizures with transient loss of consciousness (TLC), defined as syncope. The control group included 38 people without episodes of loss of consciousness in their medical history. The parameters of hemodynamics and heart rate variability (HRV) were investigated at all stages of the test.Results. In patients with absence of seizures, initial sympathicotonia was recorded along with a decrease in ergotropic activation in orthostasis. In patients with unprovoked seizures, a hypersympathicotonic response to the orthostatic test was detected in combination with impaired vagal overshoot in the clinostatic phase of the test. In patients with TLC, evidence of vegetative insufficiency in the vertical position was identified, with the indicators going back to the background values in the horizontal position.Conclusion. The revealed features of vegetative regulation in patients with absence of seizures and unprovoked seizures will allow to differentiate the mechanism of the first-time epileptic seizure more accurately.
Clinical and laboratory assessment of the effectiveness of early rehabilitation of patients with stroke using assistive robotic tools
Authors: Koroleva E. S. , Alifirova V. M. , Brazovskaya N. G. , Plotnikov D. M. , Levchuk L. A. , Boyko A. S. , Zapekin S. G. , Semenenko A. S. , Kataeva N. G. , Ivanova S. A. 
Published: February 2020

Background. Using external robotic tools in rehabilitation of patients after stroke could activate neuroplasticity mechanisms, thus reducing the ischemic area and improving the neurological outcome of the disease.Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of early rehabilitation of stroke patients in Tomsk Regional Stroke Center using assistive robotic tools by correlational analysis of clinical and laboratory biomarkers of brain neuroplasticity.Materials and methods. The study included 68 patients who suffered from stroke of the middle cerebral artery. Early rehabilitation was carried out in Tomsk Regional Stroke Center using assistive robotic tools according to the protocol. Neurotrophic factors in blood serum were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The severity of neurological disorders was characterized based on the Fugl – Meyer assessment scale (FMA).Results. The clinical effectiveness of early motor rehabilitation in Tomsk Regional Stroke Center is confirmed by the statistically significant increase on the FMA scale by 5.2 ± 2.4 points (p = 0.008). Positive association between neurotrophic factors in blood serum and FMA total score enables to consider the resulting data as an evidence of neuroplasticity activation associated with the use of robotic electromechanical technologies.
Diagnostic potential of gut microbiota in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Petrov V. A. , Alifirova V. M. , Saltykova I. V. , Zhukova I. A. , Zhukova N. G. , Dorofeeva Yu. B. , Ikkert O. P. , Titova M. A. , Mironova Yu. S. , Sazonov A. E. , Karpova M. R. 
Published: February 2020

Background. Nowadays many efforts are taken in searching for Parkinson’s disease biomarkers, especially for an early recognition of the disease. The gut microbiota is one of the potential sources of biomarkers, changes in the composition of which in PD are actively studied.The aim of this study is to identify microbiota biomarkers in the Parkinson’s disease with an estimated accuracy of the diagnostics, including differential diagnostics, relative to other neurological diseases for patients of the Russian population.Material and methods. One hundred ninety-two metagenomics profiles from patients with Parkinson’s disease (n = 93), people with other neurological diagnoses (n = 33), and healthy controls (n = 66) were included in this study. These profiles were obtained with amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Classifying models were made using the naive Bayes classifier, the artificial neural network, support vector machine, generalized linear model, and partial least squares regression.As a result we established that an optimal classification by the composition of the gut microbiota on the validation sample (sensitivity 91.30%, specificity 91.67% at 91.49% accuracy) amid patients was demonstrated with a naive Bayes classifier using the representation of the following genera as predictors: Christensenella, Methanobrevibacter, Leuconostoc, Enterococcus, Catabacter, Desulfovibrio, Sphingomonas, Yokenella, Atopobium, Fusicatenibacter, Cloacibacillus, Bulleidia, Acetanaerobacterium, and Staphylococcus.Conclusions. Information of the gut microbiota taxonomic composition may be used in differential diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease.
Acceptability and Appropriateness of a Perinatal Depression Preventive Group Intervention: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Diebold Alicia , Segovia Melissa , Johnson Jessica K. , Degillio Aria , Zakieh Dana , Park Hee Jin , Lim Kenneth , Tandon S. Darius 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Perinatal depression is a prevalent public health concern. Although preventive interventions exist, there is limited literature on the acceptability and appropriateness of these interventions, especially those delivered by paraprofessionals. The Mothers and Babies Program (MB) is a group-based perinatal depression preventive intervention delivered prenatally. A current cluster-randomized controlled trial is examining the acceptability, appropriateness, and effectiveness of MB delivered by mental health professionals compared to paraprofessional staff from home visiting programs. Methods: The full study enrolled 874 pregnant women. Fifty-three facilitators were trained and delivered the MB intervention to women in one of seven states in the United States. Semi-structured interviews were attempted with a randomly-selected subset of the full sample of pregnant women who received the MB intervention and with all facilitators. Specifically, interviews were conducted with 88 women who received the MB group intervention (45 in the paraprofessional-led arm and 43 in the mental health professional-led arm) and 46 women who facilitated the groups (27 home visiting staff and 19 mental health professionals). Interviews were conducted over the phone in English or Spanish and audio recorded. The recordings were translated into English, as needed, and transcribed. Thematic analysis was conducted using NVIVO to identify key themes related to intervention acceptability and appropriateness. Similarities and differences between study arms were explored. Results: Clients and facilitators found the MB content and group format acceptable. Challenges included maintaining group attendance, transportation issues, and managing group discussion. Overall, facilitators found the intervention appropriate for pregnant clients with some challenges presented for clients in crisis situations, experiencing housing instability, and with literacy and learning challenges. Participants provided suggestions for improvement, both for the course content and implementation. There were no significant differences found between study arms. Conclusions: Overall, clients and facilitators enjoyed MB irrespective of study arm, and facilitators found the intervention appropriate for the population. These findings add to the qualitative literature on perinatal depression preventive interventions, specifically those delivered by paraprofessionals. Trial Registration: This trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (Initial post: December 1, 2016; identifier: NCT02979444; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02979444).
Combined use of apatinib mesylate and vinorelbine versus single use of vinorelbine in recurrent or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Wu Shuo , Zhang Liang , Li Huan , Xu Junnan , Jiang Cui , Sun Tao 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The emergence of new molecular targeted drugs provides new prospects for the treatment of advanced breast cancer; the future therapeutic trend includes chemotherapy combined with molecular targeted therapy. Apatinib mesylate, a novel, small anti-angiogenic agent, highly selectively inhibits the activity of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 tyrosine kinase. Apatinib mesylate also blocks the signaling of vascular endothelial growth factor binding to its receptor, thereby, strongly inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and exerting an anti-tumor effect. However, a randomized controlled clinical trial of apatinib combined with vinorelbine for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has not been reported. We will compare the therapeutic effect of vinorelbine alone or in combination with apatinib mesylate in patients with recurrent or metastatic TNBC in North China who have received at least two drug treatments including anthracyclines and taxanes. Methods/analysis: This study is a triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial. We plan to include 164 female patients with locally recurrent or metastatic TNBC and without BRCA1 mutation (as BRCA -positive patients would have poor responses to the therapeutic methods designed in this study), admitted at the Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Northeast China. All enrolled patients will be randomized to orally take vinorelbine alone (40 mg orally, thrice a week (Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays) in each 3-week cycle) or combined with apatinib mesylate (500 mg orally, once daily of each 3-week cycle). Radiographic assessment will be performed every 6 weeks for 36 weeks, and every 9 weeks thereafter. The primary outcome is measurement of progression-free survival and secondary outcomes include overall survival, disease control rate, objective response rate, and incidence of adverse events at grades 3 and 4 as defined by the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria [NCI-CTC] Version 4.0. Outcome measures will be evaluated at baseline (< 2 weeks before starting treatment), every 6 weeks during treatment, and at 4 weeks and every 3 months after treatment discontinuation. Discussion: Based on the data from this trial, we hope to identify a treatment plan that is suitable for female TNBC patients in Northeast China who have been treated with anthracyclines and taxanes. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT03932526). Registered on April 30, 2019.
Heterogeneous components of lung adenocarcinomas confer distinct EGFR mutation and PD-L1 expression
Authors: Cai Yi-Ran , Wu Hongbo , Shi Xiaoqin , Dong Yujie , Chang Xiujun , Zhang Li , Zhou Lijuan , Su Dan , Yang Ming 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background
Lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) is composed of lepidic, papillary, mucinous, micropapillary and solid components in its parenchyma. Complex responses to therapeutics result from intratumoral heterogeneity. However, it remains confused that what components in a mixed LAC tumor are responsible to the heterogeneous EGFR mutation and PD-L1 expression.
Methods
We investigated EGFR status via laser microdissection to capture spatially separated cancer cell subpopulations and digital droplet PCR to determine the abundance of EGFR sensitizing mutation and naïve T790M. Whilst, PD-L1 expression level via tumor proportion score (TPS) was evaluated by Ventana immunohistochemistry using SP263 antibody. PD-L1 expression levels were tiered in <1%, 1%-49% and >=50% groups.
Results
EGFR mutation harbored in 154 (59%) of 261 LAC patients and more frequently occurred in papillary, lepidic and micropapillary constituents. Higher levels of PD-L1 were found in LACs at stage III and IV (68.3%) versus those at stage I and II (31.7%) ( P =0.04). Solid predominant LACs (41.3%) expressed PD-L1 with TPS >=50%, versus mucinous and lepidic LACs ( P <0.01). LACs with solid constituents also had more positive proportion of PD-L1 protein. Cut-offs <1%, 1%–49% or >=50% were associated with patients’ progression-free survival and longer in the <1% group (22.9 month, 95% CI 17.6-28.2) (P<0.05). LACs consisting of two constituents with PD-L1 TPS <1% had a better prognosis than the groups with single component and more than two components ( P <0.05). Eighteen LACs (6.9%) had concomitantly deletion in exon 19 or L858R and naïve T790M mutation. The abundance of T790M varied diversely with sensitizing mutation. PD-L1 expression was not concordant in same components and usually negative in the EGFR -mutated constituents. Heterogeneous PD-L1 expression occurred in the vicinity of stromal tissues.
Conclusion
Intratumoral genetic heterogeneity of LACs was demonstrated associated with histological patterns. Heterogeneous PD-L1 expression in higher level usually occurred in solid component both in EGFR mutated and EGFR wild-typed LACs. EGFR mutated LACs heterogeneously had sensitizing and resistant mutation and was accompanied with PD-L1 expression, but discordant among histological constituents. Immune checkpoint inhibitor combined with third generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor should be more effective to these LACs.
Evaluation of choroidal thickness, macular thickness, and aqueous flare after cataract surgery in patients with and without diabetes: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Ikegami Yasuko , Takahashi Miyuki , Amino Kana 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background

In diabetic eyes, various choroidal abnormalities are noted in addition to changes in the retinal circulation, and the risk of increased aqueous flare and retinal thickening after cataract surgery is higher in diabetic eyes. Inflammation caused by surgery induces breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier and affects the retina, although the influence on the choroid is unknown. Several researchers have evaluated the choroidal thickness (CT) after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes; however, the results are inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of uneventful small-incision phacoemulsification cataract surgery on the subfoveal choroidal thickness (SCT), the central macular thickness (CMT), and aqueous flare in patients with diabetes.

Methods

This study included 59 randomly selected eyes (33 eyes of patients with diabetes and 26 eyes of control patients without diabetes) undergoing small-incision cataract surgery. Among the diabetic eyes, 26 were without diabetic retinopathy, and the remaining eyes had non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Aqueous flare, CMT, and SCT measurements were performed before and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after surgery.

Results

The postoperative CMT continued to increase significantly until 3 months in both groups. Although the CMT was more in patients with diabetes than in patients without diabetes during the follow-up period, there was no significant difference between the two groups. The aqueous flare value increased until 3 months after surgery in both groups. Although the increase was significant at 3 months after surgery in patients with diabetes, the increase in controls was not significant. The aqueous flare values differed significantly between the two groups before and at 3 months after surgery. There was no significant within-group or between-group difference in pre- and postoperative SCT values.

Conclusion

In diabetic eyes with early stage of retinopathy, even small-incision cataract surgery can induce increased aqueous flare and macular thickening until 3 months, although there is no significant change in the choroidal thickness. Further studies are essential to evaluate choroidal changes after the cataract surgery in diabetic eyes.
Microscopic and submicroscopic Plasmodium infections in indigenous and non-indigenous communities in Colombia.
Authors: Montiel Jehidys , Zuluaga Lina M. , Aguirre Daniel C. , Segura Cesar , Tobon-Castaño Alberto , Vasquez Ana M 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: The indigenous population is considered a highly susceptible group to malaria because they usually live in areas with high exposure to Anopheles and poverty, and have limited access to health services. There is a great diversity of indigenous communities in Colombia living in malaria-endemic areas; however, the burden of infection in these populations has not been studied extensively. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Plasmodium infections in indigenous and non-indigenous communities in two malaria-endemic areas in Colombia.
Methods: A Community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in seven villages of Turbo and El Bagre municipalities; three of these villages were indigenous communities. Inhabitants of all ages willing to participate were included. Sociodemographic and clinical data were recorded as well as household information. The parasitological diagnosis was performed by microscopy and nested PCR. The prevalence of microscopy and submicroscopic infection was estimated. An adjusted GEE model was used to explore risk factors associated with the infection.
Results: Among 713 participants, 60.7% were from indigenous communities. Plasmodium spp. was detected in 30 subjects (4.2%, CI 95% 2.9-5.9); from those, 29 were in the indigenous population, 47% of infections were afebrile, and most of them submicroscopic (10/14). Microscopic and submicroscopic prevalence was 2.5% (CI 95% 1.6-3.9) and 1.7% (CI 95% 0.9-2.9) respectively. In El Bagre, all infections occurred in indigenous participants (3.9%, CI 95% 2.2-7.1), and 81% were submicroscopic. By contrast, in Turbo, the highest prevalence occurred in indigenous people (11.5%; CI 95%: 7.3-17.5), but 88.8% were microscopic. Living in an indigenous population increased the incidence rate of infection compared with a non-indigenous population (IRR 19.4; CI 95% 2.3-166.7).
Conclusion: There is a high proportion of Plasmodium infection in indigenous communities. A substantial proportion of asymptomatic and submicroscopic carriers were detected. The identification of these infections, not only in indigenous but also in the non-indigenous population, as well as their associated factors, could help to implement specific malaria strategies for each context.
Inhibition of PAR1 attenuates meningeal macrophage activation and vascular inflammation in a rat model of thrombin-induced hydrocephalus
Authors: Hao Xiaodi , Ye Xianghua , Shen Dan , Li Jiawen , Le Chensheng , Tong Lusha , Gao Feng 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background Our previous studies demonstrated that intraventricular injection of thrombin could induce hydrocephalus. The inflammation of subarachnoid space plays a key role in hydrocephalus. As thrombin, inducing coagulation, could contribute to inflammation, its effects on subarachnoid space have not been well studied. Macrophagic dysfunction may contribute to this course. However, the mechanisms that how thrombin affects macrophage in subarachnoid space have not been illustrated. Our aim was to explore the possible role that macrophage played in thrombin-induced meningeal inflammation, and to furtherly understand its contribution during thrombin-induced hydrocephalus. Methods There were two parts in this study. Firstly, rats had an intraventricular injection of saline or thrombin. Secondly, rats received thrombin injection with vehicle or PAR1 antagonist treatment. Immunofluorescence staining was applied to observe the activation of meningeal macrophage and the expression of NeuN in the cortex. Meanwhile, the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) in meningeal vessels were tested to detect the vascular inflammation. Western blot was applied to measure the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IFNγ). Results Our results demonstrated that intraventricular injection of thrombin caused significant activation of meningeal macrophages, vascular inflammation, and neuron loss. Inhibition of PAR1 pathway attenuated the M1 polarization of meningeal macrophage, reduced the inflammatory infiltrations and prevented the neuron loss, as well as hydrocephalus after thrombin injection. Conclusions Clinically available PAR1 antagonists may offer a novel therapeutic approach candidate for the prevention or the management of inflammation in hemorrhage-induced hydrocephalus.