bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS ITS INFLUENCE ON ACADEMIC INTEREST OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN MEGHALAYA: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Lamare Toba , Myrthong Euodia 
Published: September 2020

Aim. The study intends to determine the influence of socio-economic status on academic interest of secondary school students in Meghalaya. The study was conducted in two districts of Meghalaya i.e., in East Jaintia Hills and West Jaintia Hills Districts.
Method. The researcher used sequential explanatory design for collecting the necessary information. The procedure of data collection was that the researcher constructed a semi-structured interview schedule whereby it was validated by the experts in the field of education. In order to determine the influence of socio-economic status on academic interest of secondary school students, the researcher conducted an in-depth interview on 50 secondary school students who were studying in class X. These students were selected purposively from two districts of Meghalaya. The interview was conducted at school premises and the necessary information collected from students was recorded and transcribed to obtain the results.
Results. Based on the interview conducted, the study found that socio-economic status did not influence the academic interest of the secondary school students; however, student’s high aspirations, their interest in various subjects, their ambitions, determination and will power to work hard in their studies influence their academic interest.
Conclusion. Socio-economic status was not found to have influences on the academic interest of the secondary school students and on the whole the present study suggested for teachers and parents to work cooperatively in order to help students realize their goals and desires.
Detection of Frederiksenia sp. isolated from a cat with nephritis – Short communication
Authors: Ujvári Barbara , Szeredi Levente , Magyar Tibor 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this paper we report the phenotypic and partial genetic characterisation of a novel bacterium strain isolated from a cat with severe nephritis. Multilocus sequence analysis was performed on the 16S rRNA and three housekeeping (recN, rpoB, infB) gene sequences obtained by PCR. In accordance with the results of phenotypic tests, the phylogenetic analyses confirmed the relatedness of the new strain (6036) to the family Pasteurellaceae. On the phylogenetic trees, strain 6036 appeared in a separate branch, closest to that of the type species (Frederiksenia canicola) of the genus Frederiksenia. These two bacteria shared 95.14 and 76.88% identity in their partial 16S rRNA and recN gene sequences, respectively. The rpoB- and infB-based phylogenetic analyses indicated that strain 6036 is most closely related to Bibersteinia trehalosi (with 90.58% identity) and [Haemophilus] felis ATCC 49733 (89.50% identity), respectively. The predicted genome identity values, based on the recN gene sequences, suggested that strain 6036 can be classified into the genus Frederiksenia as a novel species. A PCR method, specific to strain 6036, was developed to allow its rapid and accurate identification and differentiation from F. canicola and other species of Pasteurellaceae. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of 18 antimicrobial agents for strain 6036 were also determined.
Kalaborasi Penggunaan Strategi Information Search (IS) Dengan Metode Resitasi Terhadap Hasil Belajar Biologi Siswa di SMP Negeri 4 Sungai Penuh
Authors: Santosa Tomi Apra , Lestari Reni 
Published: September 2020

Bervariasinya strategi dan metode pembelajaran khususnya dalam proses pembelajaran biologi yang digunakan guru masih sangat terbatas. Dalam proses belajar mengajar guru masih menggunakan metode ceramah yang diselingi dengan diskusi dan tanya jawab. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode eksperimen. Pupolasi yang digunakan seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 4 Sungai Penuh yang terdiri dari 7 kelas. Sampel yang digunakan 2 kelas, yaitu kelas VIII A dan VIII B. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara random sampling. Intrumen penelitian berupa tes yang terlebih dahulu dilakukan uji validitas, reliabelitas, daya pembeda, dan indeks kesukaran. Teknik analisis data adalah uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar siswa yang tidak menggunakan strategi Information Search melalui metode resitasi, nilai tertinggi adalah 70 dan terendah 40. Nilai rata-rata hasil belajar di kelas kontrol 54,47, sedangkan hasil belajar kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan strategi Infomation Search melalui metode resitasi lebih baik daripada hasil belajar kelas kontrol, dimana nilai tertinggi adalah 90 dan nilai terendah 60. Nilai rata-rata hasil belajar kelas eksperimen adalah 75,78. Hasil perhitungan thitung adalah sebesar 6,83 nilai ini lebih besar daripada ttabel 2,01. Ini menunjukan adanya perbedaan hasil belajar antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Karena thitung > ttabel maka H1 diterima
Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Produksi Biji Kopi Sangrai dan Jasa Penyangraian: Studi Kasus pada Java Sumedang Coffee
Authors: Thoriq Ahmad , Sampurno Rizky Mulya , Imaduddin Luthfie Hafidz 
Published: September 2020

<p><em>The development of specialty coffee roasted beans business and coffee roasting services is currently quite rapid, but often that the business is not based on the feasibility analysis. This study aims to analyze the feasibility level of the production of specialty coffee roasted beans and roasting service of coffee beans. This study was carried out beginning from November 2019 until February 2020 with case study method at Java Sumedang Coffee (JSC) in Genteng Village, Sukasari District, Sumedang Regency, West Java Province. Primary data was collected based on test results and interviews directly with the business manager of JSC, while secondary data were obtained from published scientific articles. The results of this study show that with the use of a roasted machine for 5 hours per day or 1200 hours per year at an interest rate of 7% per year, the business of specialty roasted coffee beans production at JSC are feasible with an assumption of a minimum selling price of Rp.128,500/kg. The indicators of business feasibility are NPV (Net Present Value) Rp. 111,759,128.10; BCR (Benefit Cost Ratio) of 1.02%; IRR (Internal Rate of Return) of 6.21%; capital returned in the 17<sup>th</sup> month. While, in the coffee bean roasting service business are feasible if the minimum roasting service cost is Rp. 14,000/kg, with feasibility indicators are NPV Rp. 112,286,86; BCR of 1.23; IRR of 6.25% per month; and PBP occurred in the 17<sup>th</sup> month.</em></p>
Penampilan Fenotipik, Keragaman, dan Heritabilitas Sembilan Genotipe Teh [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze]
Authors: Wicaksono Ilham Nur Ardhi , Martono Budi 
Published: September 2020

<em>The estimated value of genotype variability, phenotype variability, environmental variability, and heritability have an important role in breeding activities of tea</em> <em>in order to create the superior varieties. The objective of this study was to investigate the phenotypic performance, genotype and phenotype variation, and heritability value of nine genotypes of tea. The study was conducted at Pemandangan block, Tambi Plantation Unit, Wonosobo, Central Java, from April 2013 until April 2014. The Randomized Complete Block Design (RBD) with nine treatments and three replications was used in this study. The 9<sup>th</sup> of treatments consisted of 2 genotypes of tea resulting from a cross (GMB 3 and GMB 4), 2 introduced genotypes (TRI 2024 and TRI 2025), and 5 local genotypes resulting from selection (Cin 143, Kiara 8, RB 3, Tambi 1, and Tambi 2). The results showed that the genotype of GMB 3 more higher than other genotypes in pecco length, leaf length, leaf width, length of leaf stalk, and length of leaf internodes characters, whereas Tambi 2, GMB 3, and GMB 4 more higher in fresh weight of P+2 and P+3. The production of fresh shoot of GMB 4 more higher than the other genotypes, but not significant with GMB 3 and RB 3. The leaf length and fresh shoot production characters has a wide of genotype and phenotype variability, whereas the high of heritability value were found in all characters observed. The selection based on leaf length and fresh shoot production characters will be effective because both characters have a high genotypes variability and heritability.</em>
Drusen Characteristics of Type 2 Macular Neovascularization in Age-related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Ahmed Daniel , Stattin Martin , Haas Anna-Maria , Graf Alexandra , Krepler Katharina , Ansari-Shahrezaei Siamak 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundType 2 macular neovascularization (MNV) is supposed to be a rare condition in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The main purpose of this study was to assess accompanying factors of type 2 MNV in AMD.MethodsRetrospective data analysis of eyes previously diagnosed with neovascular AMD in a tertiary eye care center (Medical Retina Unit, Rudolf Foundation Hospital, Vienna, Austria) between June 2008 and December 2017. Drusen subtypes, fibrosis, atrophy and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) of both eyes in patients with type 2 MNV lesions were categorized based on multimodal imaging.ResultsType 2 MNV was diagnosed in 27 (3.2%) of 835 eyes (749 patients). Drusen characteristics in type 2 MNV were observed as followed: drusen < 63 mm in 2 eyes (7.4%), drusen ≥ 63 mm in 10 eyes (37%), subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDD) in 8 eyes (29.6%), cuticular drusen in 2 eye (7.4%) and no drusen were evident in 10 eyes (37%). Drusen distribution in 23 fellow eyes was detected as followed: drusen < 63 mm in 2 eyes (8.7%), drusen ≥ 63 mm in 9 eyes (39.1%), SDD in 5 eyes (21.7%), cuticular drusen in 1 eye (4.3%) and no drusen were evident in 9 eyes (39.1%). Mean SFCT was 140 ± 49 mm in affected eyes and 152 ± 41 mm in the fellow eyes. Patients with drusen or SDD were significantly younger (mean 70.88 ± 6.85, p=0.04) than patients without deposits (mean 77.40 ± 5.74). ConclusionsType 2 MNV remains a rare entity in AMD. It was frequently seen in the absence ofdrusen, a hallmark of AMD. These findings contribute to the heterogeneity of phenotypes related to pure type 2 lesions.
Integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in testes of Duroc and Meishan boars
Authors: Ding Haisheng , Liu Min , zhou Changfan , You Xiangbin , Su Tao , Yang Youbing , Xu Dequan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs playing vital roles in regulating posttranscriptional gene expression. Elucidating the expression regulation of miRNAs underlying pig testis development will contribute to a better understanding of boar fertility and spermatogenesis. Results: In this study, miRNA expression profile was investigated in testes of Duroc and Meishan boars at 20, 75, and 270 days of age by high-throughput sequencing. Forty-five differentially expressed miRNAs were identified from testes of Duroc and Meishan boars before and after puberty. Integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA profiles predicted many miRNA-mRNA pairs. Gene ontology and biological pathway analyses revealed that predicted target genes of ssc-mir-423-5p, ssc-mir-34c, ssc-mir-107, ssc-165 mir-196b-5p, ssc-mir-92a, ssc-mir-320, ssc-mir-10a-5p, and ssc-mir-181b were involved in sexual reproduction, male gamete generation, and spermatogenesis, and GnRH, Wnt, and MAPK signaling pathway. Four significantly differentially expressed miRNAs and their predicted target genes were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and phospholipase C beta 1 ( PLCβ1) gene was verified to be a target of ssc-mir-423-5p . Conclusions: This study provides an insight into the functional roles of miRNAs in testis development and spermatogenesis and offers useful resources for understanding differences in sexual function development caused by the change in miRNAs expression between Duroc and Meishan boars.
Transcriptome analysis of the hypothalamus and pituitary of turkey hens with low and high egg production
Authors: Brady Kristen , Liu Hsiao-Ching , Hicks Julie , Long Julie A , Porter Tom E 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: High egg producing hens (HEPH) show increased hypothalamic and pituitary gene expression related to hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis stimulation as well as increased in vitro responsiveness to gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation in the pituitary when compared to low egg producing hens (LEPH). Transcriptome analysis was performed on hypothalamus and pituitary samples from LEPH and HEPH to identify novel regulators of HPG axis function. Results: In the hypothalamus and pituitary, 4644 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between LEPH and HEPH, with 2021 genes up-regulated in LEPH and 2623 genes up-regulated in HEPH. In LEPH, up-regulated genes showed enrichment of the hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis. Beta-estradiol was identified as an upstream regulator regardless of tissue. When LEPH and HEPH samples were compared, beta-estradiol was activated in HEPH in 3 of the 4 comparisons, which correlated to the number of beta-estradiol target genes up-regulated in HEPH. In in vitro pituitary cell cultures from LEPH and HEPH, thyroid hormone pretreatment negatively impacted gonadotropin subunit mRNA levels in cells from both LEPH and HEPH, with the effect being more prominent in HEPH cells. Additionally, the effect of estradiol pretreatment on gonadotropin subunit mRNA levels in HEPH cells was negative, whereas estradiol pretreatment increased gonadotropin subunit mRNA levels in LEPH cells.Conclusions: Up-regulation of the HPT axis in LEPH and upstream beta-estradiol activation in HEPH may play a role in regulating HPG axis function, and ultimately ovulation rates. Thyroid hormone and estradiol pretreatment impacted gonadotropin mRNA levels following GnRH stimulation, with the inhibitory effects of thyroid hormone more detrimental in HEPH and estradiol stimulatory effects more prominent in LEPH. Responsiveness to thyroid hormone and estradiol may be due to desensitization to thyroid hormone and estradiol in LEPH and HEPH, respectively, due to up-regulation of the HPT axis in LEPH and of the HPG axis in HEPH. Further studies will be necessary to identify possible target gene desensitization mechanisms and elicit the regulatory role of the HPT axis and beta-estradiol on ovulation rates in turkey hens.
Multiplex and On-site PCR detection of swine diseases based on the microfluidic chip system
Authors: Jiang Yan , Jiang Shan , Wu Yue , Zhou Bin , Wang Kaiming , Jiang Luyan , Long Yunfeng , Chen Gan , Zeng Dexin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background： At present, the process of inspection and quarantine starts with sampling at the customs port, continues with transporting the samples to the central laboratory for inspection experiments, and ends with the inspected results being fed back to the port. This process had the risks of degradation of biological samples and generation of pathogenic microorganisms and did not meet the rapid on-site detection demand because it took a rather long time. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a rapid and high-throughput detection assay of pathogenic microorganisms at the customs port. The aim of this study was to develop a microfluidic chip to rapidly detect swine pathogenic microorganisms with high-throughput and higher accuracy. Moreover, this chip will decrease the risk of spreading infection during transportation.Results: A series of experiments were performed to establish a microfluidic chip. The resulting data showed that the positive nucleic acid of four swine viruses were detected by using a portable and rapid microfluidic PCR system, which could achieve a on-site real-time quantitative PCR detection. Furthermore, the detection results of eight clinical samples were obtained within an hour. The detection limit of this microfluidic PCR detection system was as low as 1 copies/μL. The results showed that the high sensitivity and specificity of this chip system in disease detection played an important role in customs inspection and quarantine during customs clearance.Conclusion: The microfluidic PCR detection system established in this study could meet the requirement for rapid detection of samples at the customs port. This chip could avoid the risky process of transporting the samples from the sampling site to the testing lab, and drastically reduce the inspection cycle. Moreover, it would enable parallel inspections on one chip, which greatly raised the efficiency of inspection.
Prenatally undetected major heart defects: clinical findings and time of diagnosis
Authors: Pavlicek Jan , Klaskova Eva , Kapralova Sabina , Palatova Alzbeta , Piegzova Alicja , Spacek Richard , Gruszka Tomas 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Severe or critical congenital heart defects (CHDs) constitute one third of the heart defect cases detected only after birth. These prenatally unrecognised defects usually manifest as cyanotic or acyanotic lesions and are diagnosed postnatally at various times. The aim of the study was to identify their clinical symptoms and determine individual risk periods for CHD manifestation. Methods: Data were assessed retrospectively based on a cohort of patients born between 2009 and 2018 in a population of 175,153 live births. Occurrence of the first symptoms of CHD was classified into: early neonatal (0–7 days), late neonatal (8–28 days), early infancy (1–6 months), or late infancy (6–12 months). The first symptom for which the child was referred to a paediatric cardiologist was defined as a symptom of CHD. Results: There were 598 major CHDs diagnosed in the studied region, and 70% were isolated anomalies. A concomitant genetic disorder was diagnosed in 20% of the cases, while 10% presented extracardiac pathology with a normal karyotype. In total, 47% (282/598) of all CHDs were not identified prenatally. Of these, 74% (210/282) were diagnosed as early neonates, 16% (44/282) as late neonates, and 10% (28/282) as infants. The most common symptoms leading to the diagnosis of CHD were heart murmur (53%, 149/282) and cyanosis (24%, 69/282). Diagnosis after discharge from the hospital occurred in 12% (72/598) of all major CHDs. Most delayed diagnoses consisted of ventricular septal defect and coarctation of the aorta. Conclusions: In conclusion, murmur and cyanosis are the most common manifestations of prenatally undetected CHDs. Although most children with major CHDs are diagnosed as neonates, some patients are still discharged from the maternity hospital with an unidentified defect.
The algal selenoproteomes
Authors: Jiang Liang , Lu Yiqian , Zheng Lin , Li Gaopeng , Chen Lianchang , Zhang Maona , Ni Jiazuan , Liu Qiong , Zhang Yan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:Selenium is an essential trace element, and selenocysteine (Sec, U) is its predominant form in vivo. Proteins that contain Sec are selenoproteins, whose special structural features include not only the TGA codon encoding Sec, but also the SECIS element in mRNA and the conservation of the Sec flanking region. These unique features have led to developing a series of bioinformatics methods to predict and research selenoprotein genes. There are some studies and reports on the evolution and distribution of selenoprotein genes in prokaryotes and multicellular eukaryotes, but the systematic analysis of single-cell eukaryotes, especially algae, is very limited.Results:In this study, we predicted selenoprotein genes in 137 species of algae by using a program we previously developed. More than 1000 selenoprotein genes were obtained. A database website was built to hold these algae selenoprotein genes (www.selenoprotein.com). These genes belong to 42 selenoprotein families, including three novel selenoprotein gene families.Conclusions:This study reveals the primordial state of the eukaryotic selenoproteome. It is an important clue to explore the significance of selenium for primordial eukaryotes and to build the whole evolutionary spectrum of selenoproteins for all life.
Detection of copy number variants in African goats using whole genome sequence data
Authors: Nandolo Wilson , Mészáros Gábor , Wurzinger Maria , Banda Liveness J. , Gondwe Timothy N. , Mulindwa Henry A. , Nakimbugwe Helen N. , Clark Emily L. , Woodward-Greene M. Jennifer , Liu Mei , Liu George E. , Tassell Curtis P. Van , Rosen Benjamin D. , Sölkner Johann 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Copy number variations (CNV) are a significant source of variation in the genome and are therefore essential to the understanding of genetic characterization. The aim of this study was to develop a fine-scaled copy number variation map for African goats. We used sequence data from multiple breeds and from multiple African countries. Results A total of 253,553 CNV (244,876 deletions and 8,677 duplications) were identified, corresponding to an overall average of 1,393 CNV per animal. The mean CNV length was 3.3 kb, with a median of 1.3 kb. There was substantial differentiation between the populations for some CNV, suggestive of the effect of population-specific selective pressures. A total of 6,231 global CNV regions (CNVR) were found across all animals, representing 59.2 Mb (2.4%) of the goat genome. About 1.6% of the CNVR were present in all 34 breeds and 28.7% were present in all 5 geographical areas across Africa, where animals had been sampled. The CNVR had genes that were highly enriched in important biological functions, molecular functions, and cellular components including retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, glutamatergic synapse and circadian entrainment. Conclusions This study presents the first fine CNV map of African goat based on WGS data and adds to the growing body of knowledge on the genetic characterization of goats.
Assessing the Impact of Biologically Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles as Source of Nutrient on the Growth of Zea mays L.
Authors: Sabir Sumera , Zahoor Muhammad Asif , waseem Muhammad , Siddique Muhammad Hussnain , Shafique Muhammad , Imran Muhammad , Hayat Sumreen , Malik Imran Riaz , Muzammil Saima 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to erroneous posting.
Evaluation of antiparasitic therapy directly administered for the control of canine echinococcosis in an endemic area of hydatidosis.
Authors: Montalvo Raul , Huiza Alaina , Clemente Johana , Castañeda Lorena , Ccente Yoli , Nuñez Mayori , Arteaga Lizet , Balbuena Lizzeth , Inga Cristhian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Echinococcosis remains endemic despite attempts to reduce the prevalence of this disease. The objective of the study was to evaluate the results of an intervention program based on antiparasitic therapy directly administered to the dogs for the control of Echinococcus in an endemic area of ​​ cystic echinococcosis (CE). Methods: The dog faeces were analyzed by coproantigen using the immunoenzymatic technique for the diagnosis of echinococcosis before and after the direct and observed administration of praziquantel 5mg by kg orally in three doses every 30 days each cycle was 2 times at year for two consecutive years. Results: A total of 252 dogs entered the study, of them 119 (47%) dogs had positive results for Echinococcus at the beginning of the intervention. The adverse effects that occurred with the administration of prazicuantel were vomiting (13%), diarrhea (2.4%) and lethargy (2%); 229 dogs completed the 4 cycles of praziquantel treatment. The presence of a positive coproantigen was evident in 03 (1.3%) dogs at the end of the study. Conclusions: Antiparasitic chemotherapy administered directly to the dogs periodically managed to reduce the prevalence of canine echinococcosis.