bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing Three-Variance Approach for Project Time and Cost Control in a Building Construction Project (Case Study: A Project in West Java)
Authors: Friescilia L , Gondokusumo O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Earned Value Method (EVM) is one of project controlling methods. This method has been widely used in many projects since long time ago. However, this traditional EVM still has some shortcomings that related to time aspect, such as the use of monetary units, also the time aspect and work aspect are not measured separately. To overcome these shortcomings, several researches have been carried out and one of them is Three-Variance Approach (TVA). This paper proposed the use of EVM and TVA and compared the result from those methods. This paper also aimed to identify the strengths and problems that may arise when using TVA in a real project. The results are visualized with graphs, then be gathered into three categories; project status, forecasting, and trend. Project status determines the condition of the project in each period. Forecasting enables one to estimate the final condition of a project. The improvement of project condition from time to time can be seen in trend.
Finance-based scheduling using integer programming method for building construction project in Jakarta
Authors: Ervina  , Gondokusumo O 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Construction project management consists of planning, scheduling, and controlling. Planning is important because it’s set down the target of project to achieve successfulness. Successfulness of a project consists of several aspects, including: cost, quality, time, and HSE (Health, Safety, and Environment). In many cases, scheduling is optimized with minimum costs for achieving a project’s goal. This doesn’t necessarily guarantee that contactors can provide the budget according to the scheduling. This paper will focus on optimizing scheduling by considering financial capabilities. The method used to optimize scheduling by considering financial capabilities is called Finance-based Scheduling Method. The stages to do finance-based scheduling method, are: arranging initial scheme, arranging extension scheme, and formulating an integer programming model. This study have purpose to obtain optimal scheduling by considering contractor’s financial capabilities. Analysis of this study uses integer programming to find the most optimal solution. However, integer programming requires different modeling for each case and result from it must be simplifying become a bar chart so it’s make easier to understand.
Factors Affecting Design and Management of Residential Community for Enhancing Well-being of Thai Early Stage Elderly
Authors: Ruengtam P 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
This article presents factors related to environmental perception, residential community, and design of the healing environment, which affect Thai early stage elderly perceptions and requirements. Structural equation modeling was used to assess influences among the factors. Empirical data were collected from 419 samples of Thai early stage elderly. The research revealed that requirements of the residential community were classified into three groups including (1) general facilities and activities, (2) facilities related to health and security, and (3) facilities related to physical exercise. Results showed that factors of the elderly’s requirements have direct effects on willingness to join in with project activities of the residential community. The result led to formulating policies in design and management of the residential community which enhanced the quality of life both physically and mentally for the Thai early stage elderly.
The effect of heavy equipment management on the performance of the construction project and the construction company
Authors: Nugraha A S , Putranto L S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The appropriate use of heavy equipment will affect the progress of a construction project. An inappropriate choice of heavy equipment will result in low productivity and at the end will incur additional costs. Previous studies have been observing separately the effect of heavy equipment management on the performance of the construction project and the effect of heavy equipment of the performance of the construction company. In this present paper, using structural equation modelling (SEM), both relationships will be studied simultaneously and additionally direct effect of performance of construction project on the performance of construction company will be observed as well. It was found that both relationships were significant and positive.
Evaluation of Ground Anchor Design on Man-made Cut Slope of Cemented Sand: A Case Study
Authors: Bahsan E , Sopandji B S , Sagitaningrum F H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
A system of ground anchor and horizontal drain on a steep cut-slope in Bogor, West Java was designed to stabilize the slope below a bridge structure spanning across a river. Due to the difficulties in the construction of the ground anchor, the design of the ground anchor was evaluated and analyzed for its effect on the stability of the slope. The slope is assumed to have three layers of soil consist of sandy clay (medium stiff), sandy silt (hard), sandy silt (medium stiff), and cemented sand gravel. Four scenarios were evaluated to examine the slope stability: initial stage, the addition of horizontal drain, construction of bored piles with horizontal drain, and addition of ground anchor after the construction of bored piles and horizontal drain. Analysis were done with evaluating the Factor of Safety (FS) of the slope. It was found that the addition of horizontal drain played a big part in stabilizing the slope from initial stage (FS = 0.933 to FS = 1.546), whereas the addition of ground anchor and bored piles were not apparent after the addition of horizontal drain (FS = 1.545 and FS = 1.555), indicating that the main problem of the slope was the high groundwater level. Other than the constructed solutions, shortcrete should also be given at the critical slip surface at the top and surface of the slope in order to reduce erosion by run-off water.
Analysis of The Stability of Dam Building After Counterweight Additions (A Case Study: Gonggang Dam, Magetan Regency)
Authors: Kuntoro P , Surjandari N , Hadiani R 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The Gonggang Dam was first planned to be a rock filled dam, but due to the economic consideration, in the construction, the materials were changed from rock piles to random heaps with the fixed degree of slope. After being operated for a year with the observation on the possibility of seepage, no seepage was found. Therefore, to increase the stability of the dam body, a counterweight in the form of random pile completed with a filter and rip-rap was added to the lower part of the body of dam. The height of counterweight was determined based on the safety needs from the flow (surface) of the seepage line and the stability of the dam. The calculation results of stability analysis of the dam body with counterweights was considered effective as the downstream safety. Safety factors obtained from empty conditions, flood water levels and rapid drawdown without seismic load show the equation: security factor ≥1.2, which was in accordance to the permitted safety factor: sf ≥1.2. Meanwhile, the calculation result of the analysis of stability of the dam body with Operation Base Earthquake (OBE) and Maximum Design Earthquake (MDE) in empty condition and flood water level, the safety factors obtained were still above the permitted limit, ≥1.2. However, for rapid drawdown conditions with the effect of the MDE seismic load was not yet safe (collapse), so it was necessary to modify the design of the upstream leg section. The design modification was carried out by adding a random land fill structure that blends with the body of the main dam. The method was expected to be able to withstand the tension occurring upstream, thus increasing the stability of the dam body. This was proven to be effective based on the calculation results obtained by the safety factor of 1.115. The number was still included in the permitted Maximum Design Earthquake (MDE) safety number of load effect (sf ≥1).
Effect of Compaction to Increase the Critical Height of a Slope without any Support
Authors: Susilo A.J , Sumarli I , Sentosa G.S. , Prihatiningasih A , Wongkar E 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Embankment is a common way to raise ground level of any construction. Raising the ground level will also help structure from being flooded, flood especially in major city such as in Capital City of Indonesia, Jakarta, is a yearly problem. On the other hand, embankment will also be a problem if not handle carefully. Clay and sand can be used as materials. Properties of material that should be investigate before the materials being used are cohesion and angle of friction. Beside selection of high quality materials, compaction can also help embankment from failure. When the materials get well-compacted the chance of sliding should be lower. This study analyse the correlation whether well-compacted material can have higher critical height and the result can be imply on the construction site as not every embankment need retaining structure to be stable but only by compaction the embankment can withstand by it self.
Durability of Reactive Powder Concrete
Authors: Kushartomo Widodo , Octavivia  
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Concrete is a generally used material in building construction. The construction will be built on the ground and could also be in places exposed to sea water. Sulfate contained in ground water and sea water could cause sulfate aggression to concrete itself. Therefore, the research used Reactive Powder Concrete which is one of the concretes that is currently popular and has a high durability. The research was done by doing a constant repetition of saturated sulfate submersion and specimen abstersion. The varieties of specimen used along with the research such as Type I, Type II, and PCC variations of cements, also varieties fas 0.2 and fas 0.25. Research shown that Reactive Powder Concrete which is contained type II cement has the best resistance because the compressive strength does not reduced to 30% and the reduced weight is less than 1% when exposed to high concentration of sulfate.
Infiltration of chloride ion in the self compacting concrete with calcium stearate
Authors: Maryoto Agus , Gan Buntara Sthenly , Hermanto Nor Intang Setyo , Setijadi Rachmad 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Corrosion rates in reinforced concrete can be detected by the amount of chloride ions present in concrete. This study aims to determine the effect of calcium stearate use on self compacting concrete on the infiltration of chloride ions. The calcium stearate content used is 0, 1, 5 and 10 kg per 1 m3 of self-compacting concrete (SCC). The concrete quality tested includes 20, 30 and 40 MPa. The parameters tested in this study were compressive strength and infiltration of chloride ions. Compressive strength specimen is in the form of cylinder 15 mm in diameter and 150 mm in height, while chloride ion infiltration specimen is in the form of cubes with sides of 150 mm. The results show that calcium stearate concrete with 10 kg / m3 of concrete when compared to normal concrete, the compressive strength decreases by -6.69%, 16.16% and 18.74% for concrete 20, 30 and 40 MPa respectively. Whereas the infiltration of chloride ions in concrete on 10 mm depth from the concrete surface was 0.153, 0.061 and 0.012% in the concrete of 20, 30 and 40 MPa. These infiltration of chloride ion in concrete 20, 30 and 40 MPa are lower around 287, 252, and 626% compared to concrete without calcium stearate.
Multi-storey Modular Cold-Formed Steel Building in Hong Kong: Challenges & Opportunities
Authors: Andy Prabowo Pho 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Modular building construction has become widely popular across the continents, such as in America, Europe (United Kingdom), Asia (Singapore), and more recently in Australia. Promoting sustainability in construction, the application of modular construction has been successfully implemented in very broad range building functionalities. These include student residences, private housings, hotels, commercial buildings, military accommodation, health facilities, as well as other services units attached to the main buildings. Several low-rise buildings (6 to 10 stories) as well as high-rise buildings (20 to 30 stories) have used this type prefabricated off-site building system as an alternative construction method. Among those existing projects, modular steel building brings significant advantage on the manufacturing process and erection speed. These will be beneficial for Hong Kong which has very high pressure on housing demands. Due to its excellence on strength and durability, the modular integrated construction (MiC) in Hong Kong is looking to the direction of using cold-formed steel as structural component. Some challenges and opportunities are exist and these will be discussed in this paper.
Loading Test and Temperature Effect on Steel Arch Bridge
Authors: Sumargo  , Harahap Ahmad H S 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Before the bridge is operated, it is necessary to do a test to find out whether the bridge has met the applicable requirements and regulations and works properly with the service load. Tests include static and dynamic loading of bridges on the Water Front City bridge, Bangkinang, Riau. Static load test in the form of measurement of deflection and strain of the bridge structure when carried out the load on the bridge in a controlled and measurable manner. The given load is at least equal to the bridge service load according to specifications and service defects that occur do not exceed the specified limits. While the dynamic load test is in the form of recording bridge behavior when receiving dynamic loads. Static loading is carried out by placing several truck vehicles with measured dimensions and loads on each wheel to determine the amount of deflection and stress at ¼ - ½ - ¾ spans. Static load test results on the structure of the bridge, the maximum strain that occurs in reinforcing steel and concrete in loading conditions with a load of 2 trucks (50 tons), 4 (100 tons), 6 (150 tons), 8 (200 tons), 10 (250 tons) and 12 trucks (300 tons) respectively 17.62 MPa, 52.82 MPa, 61.95 MPa, 51.08 MPa, 105.49 MPa and 128.48 MPa. In unloading conditions, the maximum strain is 51.31 MPa, 70.38 MPa, 52.47 MPa, 88.71 MPa,75.20 MPa and 13.21 MPa respectively. The temperature difference of 15°C in arch element gives camber in the middle of the span of 15 mm for the arc and 13 mm for the girder. The natural frequency of the WFC bridge is 1,127 Hz which occurs in the vertical direction at a span of 100 meters.
Characteristics Comparison on Mechanical Properties of Mortars using Agriculture Waste as a Cement Replacement Materials
Authors: Saleh F , Prayuda H , Monika F , Pratama M M A 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Excessive use of cement makes the price of construction projects expensive. Mortar making using high amounts of cement also has the potential to increase the price of the construction. This study discusses the use of agricultural waste as a substitute for cement in mortar production. The waste used in this study was bagasse ash, fuel ash palm oil, and rice husk ash. Each waste is added as much as 25%, 50% and 75% which are then tested for mechanical properties such as water content, unit weight, absorption, and IRS. Compressive strength was tested when the mortar was 28 days old with a cube-shaped specimen with a size of 50 mm x 50 mm x 50 mm. From the test results, it was found that all of this waste can be used as a substitute for cement. To produce a compressive strength of 100 kg/cm2 can add each waste with a percentage range of 10-12% of the weight of cement.
Vulnerability Assessment on Non-Engineered Building in Earthquake Prone Area. Case Study: Klaten District, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Zufiar M H , Prayuda H , Monika F 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Most of the houses in Indonesia are still categorized as non-engineered buildings which do not use good structural analysis in the manufacturing process. The level of education and knowledge about the construction of simple houses is certainly the main cause. The geographical conditions of Indonesia which are quite prone to disasters such as earthquakes, eruptions and cause this condition is one of the real threats to the population of Indonesia. This study discusses the level of vulnerability of buildings in the Klaten area to earthquake hazards. This area is one of the areas affected by the earthquake in 2006, and the community living was rebuilt with funds from the Indonesian government. The results showed that at the time of the initial construction 95% of this building had been calculated to withstand earthquake loads, this was seen from the main building which had a fairly strong structural component and was equipped with a fairly good structural drawing. Along with the growth of the population, most of the buildings have undergone a change of shape, many people have added their own buildings without considering the strength of the construction to withstand earthquake loads. So that buildings that were initially categorized as resistant to earthquake forces are very dangerous if an earthquake occurs.
Temperature sensitivity effect in asphalt modification with natural rubber sir20
Authors: Utami R , Suherman  
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The use of asphalt material is needed so that surface layer could be water-resistant. Asphalt material also improves tensile stress which means enhancing support capacity for traffic load. Asphalt modification can be done by adding certain materials, such as natural rubber, to improve asphalt performance. Experimental methods were taken in this study. Asphalt tests which carried out are specific gravity, softening point and penetration with natural rubber variation 2%, 4%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 11% and 13%. Results were shown that the higher addition of natural rubber SIR20, asphalt more hardened and more insensitive to changes in temperature. This hardness characteristic of asphalt could be the initial parameter for making asphalt mixtures that more resistant to rutting and permanent deformation.
Study of willingness to pay the Jakarta-Bandung highspeed train: a case study of Argo Parahyangan train passangers
Authors: Putri A L , Widyastuti H 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Currently the increase in vehicle volume in the cities of Bandung and Jakarta has grown very rapidly. This is accompanied by an increase in the volume of vehicles traveling from Jakarta to Bandung and vice versa. High Speed Train (HST) becoming the government’s choice as a form of mass transportation modernization in Indonesia in building inter-city connectivity and regional development. Study or research on willingness to pay (WTP) is needed to find out the prices that are desired by prospective users. The method used in this study are distribution of questionnaires and interviews with stated preference techniques. The result that the highest probability value is in scenario 1 frequency with a probability value of 96.00%. Or it can be interpreted that as many as 96.00% of respondents of Argo Parahyangan train users will use the HST if the facilities offered are the frequency of train departures once an hour. The biggest WTP is in the scenario conditions offered, namely intermodal accessibility connected with the LRT (Light Rail Transit) mode, and also once a hour frequency scenario where the WTP value reaches.
Rigid continuation paths I. Quasilinear average complexity for solving polynomial systems
Authors: Lairez Pierre 
Published: October 2019

How many operations do we need on average to compute an approximate root of a random Gaussian polynomial system? Beyond Smale’s 17th problem that asked whether a polynomial bound is possible, we prove a quasi-optimal bound

(input size)

1
+
o
(
1
)

\text {(input size)}^{1+o(1)}

. This improves upon the previously known

(input size)

3
2

+
o
(
1
)

\text {(input size)}^{\frac 32 +o(1)}

bound.

The new algorithm relies on numerical continuation along rigid continuation paths. The central idea is to consider rigid motions of the equations rather than line segments in the linear space of all polynomial systems. This leads to a better average condition number and allows for bigger steps. We show that on average, we can compute one approximate root of a random Gaussian polynomial system of

n
n

equations of degree at most

D
D

in

n
+
1

n+1

homogeneous variables with

O
(

n
4

D
2

)

O(n^4 D^2)

continuation steps. This is a decisive improvement over previous bounds that prove no better than

2

min
(
n
,
D
)

\sqrt {2}^{\min (n, D)}

continuation steps on average.
On two variable Beurling algebra analogues of theorems of Wiener and Lévy on Fourier series
Authors: Dabhi Prakash 
Published: October 2019

Let

ω
:

Z

2

→
[
1
,
∞
)

\omega :\mathbb Z^2 \to [1,\infty )

be a weight satisfying a certain technical property. Let

f
f

be a continuous function on the torus

T

2

\mathbb T^2

such that

∑

m

∈

Z

2

|

f
^

(

m

)

|

ω
(

m

)
>
∞

\sum _{\mathbf {m}\in \mathbb Z^2}|\widehat f(\mathbf {m})|\omega (\mathbf {m})>\infty

. If

f
f

is nowhere vanishing on

T

2

\mathbb T^2

, then there is a weight

ν
\nu

on

Z

2

\mathbb Z^2

such that

1
≤
ν
≤
ω

1\leq \nu \leq \omega

,

ν
\nu

is nonconstant if and only if

ω
\omega

is nonconstant and

∑

m

∈

Z

2

|

(

1
f

)

^

(

m

)
|

ν
(

m

)
>
∞

\sum _{\mathbf {m}\in \mathbb Z^2}\left |\widehat {(\frac {1}{f})}(\mathbf {m})\right |\nu (\mathbf {m})>\infty

. If

φ
\varphi

is holomorphic on a neighbourhood of the range of

f
f

, then there is weight

χ
\chi

on

Z

2

\mathbb Z^2

such that

1
≤
χ
≤
ω

1\leq \chi \leq \omega

,

χ
\chi

is nonconstant if and only if

ω
\omega

is nonconstant and

∑

m

∈

Z

2

|

(
φ
∘
f
)

^

(

m

)

|

χ
(

m

)
>
∞

\sum _{\mathbf {m}\in \mathbb Z^2}|\widehat {(\varphi \circ f)}(\mathbf {m})|\chi (\mathbf {m})>\infty

. An analogue of Żelazko’s theorem on

p
p

-th power convergence is also discussed. These two variables weighted analogues of classical theorems of Wiener, Lévy and Żelazko are proved exhibiting the complexity of weights in two variables.
Are large simple trials for dementia prevention possible?
Authors: Whiteley William N , Anand Sonia , Bangdiwala Shrikant I , Bosch Jackie , Canavan Michelle , Chertkow Howard , Gerstein Hertzel C , Gorelick Philip , O’Donnell Martin , Paré Guillaume , Pigeyre Marie , Seshadri Sudha , Sharma Mike , Smith Eric E , Williamson Jeff , Cukierman-Yaffe Tali , Hart Robert G , Yusuf Salim 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
New trials of dementia prevention are needed to test novel strategies and agents. Large, simple, cardiovascular trials have successfully discovered treatments with moderate but worthwhile effects to prevent heart attack and stroke. The design of these trials may hold lessons for the dementia prevention.
Here we outline suitable populations, interventions and outcomes for large simple trials in dementia prevention. We consider what features are needed to maximise efficiency. Populations could be selected by age, clinical or genetic risk factors or clinical presentation. Patients and their families prioritise functional and clinical outcomes over cognitive scores and levels of biomarkers. Loss of particular functions or dementia diagnoses therefore are most meaningful to participants and potential patients and can be measured in large trials.
The size of the population and duration of follow-up needed for dementia prevention trials will be a major challenge and will need collaboration between many clinical investigators, funders and patient organisations.