bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic role of pre-sarcopenia and body composition with long-term outcomes in obstructive colorectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Chul Seung , Won Daeyoun David , Oh Soon Nam , Lee Yoon Suk , Lee In Kyu , Kim In-Ho , Choi Moon Hyung , Oh Seong Taek 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The clinical significance of pre-sarcopenia in colorectal cancer obstruction has not yet been described. The present study aimed to determine the short- and long-term oncologic impacts of pre-sarcopenia in obstructive colorectal cancer.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 214 patients with obstructive colon cancer between January 2004 and December 2013. Initial staging computed tomography (CT) scans identified pre-sarcopenia and visceral obesity by measuring the muscle and visceral fat areas at the third lumbar vertebra level. Both short-term postoperative and long-term oncologic outcomes were analyzed.

Results
Among all 214 patients, 71 (33.2%) were diagnosed with pre-sarcopenia. Pre-sarcopenia had a negative oncologic impact in both disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–3.13, p = 0.037, and HR = 1.92, CI 1.02–3.60, p = 0.043, respectively). Visceral adiposity, body mass index (BMI), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) did not significantly impact DFS and OS.

Conclusion
Pre-sarcopenia is a clinical factor significantly associated with OS and DFS but not with short-term complications in obstructive colorectal cancer. In future, prospective studies should incorporate body composition data in patient risk assessments and oncologic prediction tools.
A case-report of widespread pulmonary embolism in a middle-aged male seven weeks after asymptomatic suspected COVID 19 infection
Authors: Beckman Mats , Nyrén Sven , Kistner Anna 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is seen in high frequency in hospital-treated patients with Covid-19. We present a case of suspected Covid-19 with long-term dyspnea and widespread PE.

Case presentation
A 51- year old male, with no prior medical history, no medication, and non-smoker arrived at the emergency department with exercise induced dyspnea during 4–5 weeks and for the last 48 h dyspnea at rest. Seven weeks before hospitalization, he felt difficulties taking deep breaths for some days but no other symptoms. Oxygen saturation at rest was 93%. Troponin T was 1200 mg/L (ref < 15 mg/L). CT angiography revealed widespread bilateral segmental pulmonary embolism. Additional findings were ground glass opacities that could match Covid-19. The patient tested negative for SARS -CoV-2. Full dose tinzaparin was given for 2 days in hospital, followed by apixaban for 6 months. Recovery has been uneventful so far.

Conclusions
Long-term breathing difficulties might be relatively common after non-hospitalized symptomatic Covid-19. The frequency of PE in this group is unknown. We report a case of suspected covid-19 with widespread PE and a long history of dyspnea but no other symptoms. In our case slight hypoxia and laboratory testing indicated significant disease, which was proven with contrast angiography. This case shows that PE is a differential diagnosis in non-hospitalized symptomatic Covid-19 with persisting breathing problems.
Comparative analysis of ankyrin (ANK) genes of five capripoxviruses isolate strains from Xinjiang province in China
Authors: He Chuanchuan , Tong Jianjun , Zhang Xueping , Tuohetiniyazi Milikaimu , Zhang Yu , Li Youwen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Sheeppox and goatpox are both economically important animal diseases in which pathogens are goatpox virus (GTPV) and sheeppox virus (SPPV). They can’t cause cross-species infection between sheep and goats in general. But in recent decades, the infection of sheep by goatpox or goats by sheeppox has been reported. The literature has indicated that the occurrence of these cases has a significant and direct relationship with mutations of ankyrin genes families (ANK genes 010,138,140,141.2,145) located in two-terminal regions of capripoxvirus genomes. So it is very important to decipher these nucleotides and their coding amino acid sequences of the five genes regarded as host range and virulence factors for effective prevention and control of capripoxvirus diseases.

Methods
In this study, all the ankyrin genes of three goatpox virus, two sheeppox virus, and one GTPV vaccine strains from Nanjiang areas of Xinjiang province of China during 2010–2011 were collected, amplified, cloned and sequenced. The sequence of every ankyrin genes has been compared with not only sequences from six viruses but also all sequences from three species of capripoxvirus genus from Gene bank, and every ANK gene’s mutated nucleotides and amino acids have been screened, and the relationship of genetic evolution among different virus strains has been analyzed, as well as the domain architecture of these genes was forecasted and analyzed.

Results
The six capripoxvirus strains can be well-distinguished GTPV and SPPV based on five ANK genes’ sequence identicalness except for GTPV-SS strain, which showed higher identicalness with SPPV. The ANK gene sequence of the GTPV-SS strain was 100% identical with SPPV-M1 (ANK138,140,145) and SPPV-M2 (ANK138,145), respectively. Phylogenetically, these six capripoxvirus strains were also grouped into the same cluster of India reference strains in lineages and showed extreme identical conservative or variable regions with India capripoxvirus isolates by sequence alignment. Moreover, for the functional domains, these ANK genes of capripoxvirus except for ANK gene 145, are identical in size, and ANK genes 145 of SPPV are usually 100 bp (approximately 30 aa) longer than those of GTPV and eventually form a PRANC domain at C-terminus.

Conclusions
The isolated strain of GTPV-SS may be a cross-species infection or the collected material was contaminated, and the inferred Capripox outbreak in Xinjiang in 2010 can be introduced from India. ANK genes 138,140,141.2 and 145 of capripoxvirus can be used as the target genes to identify GTPV and SPPV. Moreover, the four ANK genes determining the host range are more significant than the ANK gene 010. These ANK genes play combining roles for their function.
Genome-wide identification of genes regulating DNA methylation using genetic anchors for causal inference
Authors: Hop Paul J. , Luijk René , Daxinger Lucia , van Iterson Maarten , Dekkers Koen F. , Jansen Rick ,   BIOS Consortium, Heijmans Bastiaan T. , ’t Hoen Peter A. C. , van Meurs Joyce , Jansen Rick , Franke Lude , Boomsma Dorret I. , Pool René , van Dongen Jenny , Hottenga Jouke J. , van Greevenbroek Marleen M. J. , Stehouwer Coen D. A. , van der Kallen Carla J. H. , Schalkwijk Casper G. , Wijmenga Cisca , Zhernakova Sasha , Tigchelaar Ettje F. , Slagboom P. Eline , Beekman Marian , Deelen Joris , van Heemst Diana , Veldink Jan H. , van den Berg Leonard H. , van Duijn Cornelia M. , Isaacs Aaron , Uitterlinden André G. , Jhamai P. Mila , Verbiest Michael , Suchiman H. Eka D. , Verkerk Marijn , van der Breggen Ruud , van Rooij Jeroen , Lakenberg Nico , Mei Hailiang , van Iterson Maarten , Zhernakova Dasha V. , van ’t Hof Peter , Deelen Patrick , ’t Hoen Peter A. C. , Vermaat Martijn , Luijk René , Bonder Marc Jan , van Dijk Freerk , Arindrarto Wibowo , Kielbasa Szymon M. , van Zwet Erik. W. , ’t Hoen Peter-Bram , van Meurs Joyce B. J. , ’t Hoen Peter A. C. , Ikram M. Arfan , van Greevenbroek Marleen M. J. , Boomsma Dorret I. , Slagboom P. Eline , Veldink Jan H. , van Zwet Erik W. , Heijmans Bastiaan T. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundDNA methylation is a key epigenetic modification in human development and disease, yet there is limited understanding of its highly coordinated regulation. Here, we identify 818 genes that affect DNA methylation patterns in blood using large-scale population genomics data.ResultsBy employing genetic instruments as causal anchors, we establish directed associations between gene expression and distant DNA methylation levels, while ensuring specificity of the associations by correcting for linkage disequilibrium and pleiotropy among neighboring genes. The identified genes are enriched for transcription factors, of which many consistently increased or decreased DNA methylation levels at multiple CpG sites. In addition, we show that a substantial number of transcription factors affected DNA methylation at their experimentally determined binding sites. We also observe genes encoding proteins with heterogenous functions that have widespread effects on DNA methylation, e.g.,NFKBIE,CDCA7(L), andNLRC5, and for several examples, we suggest plausible mechanisms underlying their effect on DNA methylation.ConclusionWe report hundreds of genes that affect DNA methylation and provide key insights in the principles underlying epigenetic regulation.
Item fit statistics for Rasch analysis: can we trust them?
Authors: Müller Marianne 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo compare fit statistics for the Rasch model based on estimates of unconditional or conditional response probabilities.BackgroundUsing person estimates to calculate fit statistics can lead to problems because the person estimates are biased. Conditional response probabilities given the total person score could be used instead.MethodsData sets are simulated which fit the Rasch model. Type I error rates are calculated and the distributions of the fit statistics are compared with the assumed normal or chi-square distribution. Parametric bootstrap is used to further study the distributions of the fit statistics.ResultsType I error rates for unconditional chi-square statistics are larger than expected even for moderate sample sizes. The conditional chi-square statistics maintain the significance level. Unconditional outfit and infit statistics have asymmetric distributions with means slighly below 1. Conditional outfit and infit statistics have reduced Type I error rates.ConclusionsConditional residuals should be used. If only unconditional residuals are available parametric bootstrapping is recommended to calculate validp-values. Bootstrapping is also necessary for conditional outfit statistics. For conditional infit statistics the adjusted rule-of-thumb critical values look useful.
Bacteriological quality and associated risk factors of drinking water in Eastern zone, Tigrai, Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Gebrewahd Aderajew , Adhanom Gebre , Gebremichail Gebremedhin , Kahsay Tsega , Berhe Brhane , Asfaw Zinabu , Tadesse Senait , Gebremedhin Haftay , Negash Hadush , Tesfanchal Brhane , Haileselasie Hagos , Weldetinsaa Haftom Legese 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Access to safe drinking water is one of the basic human rights and is critical to health. However, much of the world’s population lacks access to adequate and safe water. Approximately 884,000, 000 people in the world still do not get their drinking water from safe sources; Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for over one third of this number. It is estimated that 80% of all illnesses in the world are related to use of unsafe and contaminated water.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 1st 2017 to July 30th 2018 in three randomly selected woreda (districts) of Eastern Zone Tigrai. Water samples were examined for total coliforms and thermotelorant coliforms using the most probable number method. Standard biochemical testing was performed on samples that tested positive to identify the genus of bacteria. The contaminant risk of water sources were assessed using the sanitary inspection checklist of the World Health Organization. The results were interpreted using World Health Organization guidelines for drinking water quality. Data was collected using laboratory checklist and sanitary inspection check list. It was entered, cleared and analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 and a variable having a P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant in all tests.

Results
A total of 290 drinking water samples were analyzed for bacteriological quality. A total of 32.4% (n = 94) of water sources showed contamination with faecal and total coliforms. Of these 3.4% (n = 10) samples were contaminated with total coliforms and 29% (n = 84) contaminated with faecal coliforms. The leading water contaminant organisms were Escherichia coli (62.4%), Legionella species (8.5%), and Shigella species (7.5%) respectively. Based on WHO criteria, 15% of water sources were grouped in the very high risk group. Animal excreta and inadequate fencing of water sources were significantly associated with water contamination rate.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that most water sources in woredas of Eastern Tigrai are contaminated by faecal coliforms. Therefore, regular sanitary inspection, bacteriological analysis, and adequate fencing should be mandatory to protect drinking water sources from faecal contamination.
Delphi survey to inform patient-reported symptom monitoring after ovarian cancer treatment
Authors: Shearsmith Leanne , Kennedy Fiona , Lindner Oana C. , Velikova Galina 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing numbers of ovarian cancer patients are living longer and requiring regular follow-up to detect disease recurrence. New models of follow-up care are needed to meet the growing number and needs of this patient group. The potential for patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to capture key symptoms and online technology to facilitate long-term follow-up has been suggested.ObjectivesPrior to a pilot study exploring the potential for electronic patient-reported symptom monitoring, the content of an online intervention was developed via Delphi methodology.Design and settingA Delphi process was conducted aiming to obtain consensus amongst the clinicians and patients from 4 hospitals on the key aspects to monitor during follow-up after ovarian cancer treatment, and how to monitor them in an online intervention. A two round Delphi was conducted. Consensus was defined as at least 70% agreement.ResultsOut of 43 participants, 30 (18 patients, 12 healthcare professionals) completed round 1 and 19 (11 patients, 8 healthcare professionals) completed round 2. Consensus was reached on the key symptoms to monitor, and the importance of monitoring both duration and frequency of symptoms. Opportunity for review of psychological wellbeing and holistic needs were considered important by both groups. The frequency of online questionnaire completion, timeframe for patients to reflect on (e.g. during the past X weeks), and the choice of PROMs items to monitor symptoms did not reach the consensus threshold.ConclusionIt is crucial that any intervention and the selection of PROMs is fully described to ensure transparency about the development and decisions taken. In this work, a set of key symptoms and areas to monitor were agreed, which has informed the design of an online intervention and a subsequent pilot study is now underway. The proposed model of remote follow-up using electronic PROMs could be adapted and explored in other cancer sites.
Coexistence of anti-MuSK antibody-positive myasthenia gravis and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Eker Amber , Tınazlı Mehtap , Mut Senem Ertugrul 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized with symmetric synovitis and occasional extra articular involvement; also, some neurologic disorders can be observed during the disease course. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is one of them and it is an autoimmune disease of neuromuscular junction. It is caused by autoantibodies against neuromuscular junction proteins: the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) and the muscle specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK). Very few studies have reported the associated autoimmune disorders in MuSK-MG. Here, we present the first patient who has MuSK antibody-positive MG gravis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Case presentation
A 53-year-old woman with RA presented with fatigue and fluctuating proximal muscle weakness. Her electroneurophysiological investigation resembled MG. Her AchR antibody level was normal but MuSK antibodies were high. After the acute treatment with plasmapheresis which lead to complete recovery in myasthenic symptoms, she is following with mycophenolate mofetil.

Conclusions
Concomitant autoimmune disorders are common in the population. MG should be considered in patients with an autoimmune disorder and developing new neuromuscular weakness.
Young Londoners, sustainability and everyday politics: the framing of environmental issues in a global city
Authors: Sloam James 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Young people have become disillusioned with mainstream electoral politics in established democracies, and are increasingly likely to engage in democracy on a case-by-case basis in issues that hold meaning for their everyday lives. These issues are most likely to be local and involve interconnected economic, social and environmental concerns.

Results
The following study contributes to the understanding of the everyday politics of young people within a single urban environment (London) regarding sustainability-related issues. It departs from many previous studies of sustainability by employing a youth-centred approach, focussing on the authentic voices of young Londoners. The article shows how narrative structures can provide an effective way of understanding everyday politics and the interconnectedness of key issues through the words of these young people.

Conclusions
The analysis identifies young people’s relatively low prioritisation of most environmental issues – due to an overwhelming sense of economic precarity and a lack of opportunity to reflect upon the relevance of environmental issues for their everyday lives. The article emphasizes the importance of opening up spaces for deliberation and channels for youth engagement, to embed sustainability in global cities.
A Lei de Introdução às Normas do Direito Brasileiro e a ampliação dos parâmetros de controle dos atos administrativos discricionários: o direito na era do consequencialismo
Authors: Vitorelli Edilson 
Published: August 2020

The “Introduction to Brazilian Law” Statute and the extension of parameters do control administrative discretion: the law in an age of consequentialism RESUMOEste texto explora os horizontes do controle dos atos administrativos a partir dos novos dispositivos da Lei de Introdução às Normas do Direito Brasileiro (LINDB), aprovados em 2018. A metodologia utilizada é a revisão literária interdisciplinar, partindo de textos de filosofia consequencialista como ferramenta de compreensão do teor do art. 20 da norma. Demonstrase que a lei promove uma ampliação dos parâmetros de controle de legalidade, abandonando, em definitivo, a ideia de legalidade formal, para promover o controle de juridicidade. A LINDB passa a incluir o controle da avaliação apropriada de valores jurídicos abstratos por intermédio das consequências da decisão projetada, as quais devem compor, de modo expresso, a motivação da decisão, sob pena de nulidade. A existência e a veracidade das consequências avaliadas são sindicáveis pelos órgãos de controle, pelo Ministério Público e pelo Poder Judiciário. ABSTRACTThis paper explores the horizons of control of governmental acts, taking as starting point the new text of the “Introduction to Brazilian Law” Statute (LINDB, in Portuguese), passed in 2018. Methodologically, I build on materials regarding consequentialist philosophy to better understand the meaning of art. 20 of the legal text. I demonstrate that the new statute broadens the parameters of control, by definitely abandoning the idea of formal legality, to promote a substantive control of the acts, from a consequentialist approach. In this context, the LINDB includes commands to control the proper evaluation of abstract legal values and also of the consequences of the administrative decisions. The presence and truthfulness of this motives, as of any other motives, are verifiable by the authorities in charge of controlling public activities, by the Prosecution Office and by the Judiciary.
Foot thermometry with mHeath-based supplementation to prevent diabetic foot ulcers: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lazo-Porras Maria , Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio , Taype-Rondan Alvaro , Gilman Robert H. , Malaga German , Manrique Helard , Neyra Luis , Calderon Jorge , Pinto Miguel , Armstrong David G. , Montori Victor M. , Miranda J. Jaime 
Published: August 2020

Background: Novel approaches to reduce diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) in low- and middle-income countries are needed. Our objective was to compare incidence of DFUs in the thermometry plus mobile health (mHealth) reminders (intervention) vs. thermometry-only (control). Methods: We conducted a randomized trial enrolling adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus at risk of foot ulcers (risk groups 2 or 3) but without foot ulcers at the time of recruitment, and allocating them to control (instruction to use a liquid crystal-based foot thermometer daily) or intervention (same instruction supplemented with text and voice messages with reminders to use the device and messages to promote foot care) groups, and followed for 18 months. The primary outcome was time to occurrence of DFU. A process evaluation was also conducted. Results: A total of 172 patients (63% women, mean age 61 years) were enrolled; 86 to each study group. More patients enrolled in the intervention arm had a history of previous DFU (66% vs. 48%). Follow-up for the primary endpoint was complete for 158 of 172 participants (92%). Adherence to ≥80% of daily temperature measurements was 87% (103 of 118) among the study participants who returned the logbook. DFU cumulative incidence was 24% (19 of 79) in the intervention arm and 11% (9 of 79) in the control arm. After adjusting for history of foot ulceration and study site, the hazard ratio (HR) for DFU was 1.44 (95% CI 0.65, 3.22). Conclusions: In our study, conducted in a low-income setting, the addition of mHealth to foot thermometry was not effective in reducing foot ulceration. Importantly, there was a higher rate of previous DFU in the intervention group, the adherence to thermometry was high, and the expected rates of DFU used in our sample size calculations were not met. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02373592 (27/02/2015)
A PRÁTICA DO TURISMO E A PRODUÇÃO DOS LUGARES: UM OLHAR SOBRE MACANETA – MOÇAMBIQUE
Authors: Moretti Edvaldo Cesar 
Published: August 2020

Artigo produzido a partir de projeto desenvolvido em Moçambique. Apresenta apontamentos sobra a pratica turística em Marracuene, distrito de Maputo, com foco na produção do lugar turístico. A hipótese é que o turismo comunitário proporciona possibilidade de geração de trabalho e renda com o controle dos trabalhadores sobre as suas práticas. No concreto ocorre a subjugação do trabalho dos artesãos e pescadores na logica da mercantilização das práticas sociais dos moradores locais, essa realidade impõe apontar propostas de superação desse processo, com a identificação de sinais presentes nas práticas de produção comunitária. Artigo produzido a partir de projeto desenvolvido em Moçambique. Apresenta apontamentos sobra a pratica turística em Marracuene, distrito de Maputo, com foco na produção do lugar turístico. A hipótese é que o turismo comunitário proporciona possibilidade de geração de trabalho e renda com o controle dos trabalhadores sobre as suas práticas. No concreto ocorre a subjugação do trabalho dos artesãos e pescadores na logica da mercantilização das práticas sociais dos moradores locais, essa realidade impõe apontar propostas de superação desse processo, com a identificação de sinais presentes nas práticas de produção comunitária.