bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Historical Sources for Earthquakes before 1900 on the Iberian Peninsula and in the Offshore Region
Authors: Udías Agustín , Buforn Elisa , Martínez-Solares José Manuel , Oliveira Carlos Sousa 
Published: April 2020

AbstractInformation about historical earthquakes in the Iberian Peninsula going back to Antiquity (Roman times) can be found in different types of documents, such as unpublished contemporary manuscripts preserved in archives, general, and regional histories in Spain and Portugal, published documents and reports on the damage of specific earthquakes, and reports in newspapers and magazines. The 1755 Lisbon earthquake marks an important point for the study of historical earthquakes in the peninsula. The compilation and interpretation of historical data presents many problems, one of which is how to express the many uncertainties in the focal parameters of historical earthquakes in earthquake catalogs.
The assessment of pain, flexibility and daily activity level in the patients who had facet tropism
Authors: Kizilkan Busra , Sayaca Cetin , Turkoglu Ozlem 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of this study to investigate the relationship between asymmetric angular value in lumbar facet joints and pain, flexibility and daily activity level.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study included 51 patients with complaint of low back pain (LBP) and underwent lumbar magnetic resonance imaging. Facet joint angle measurements of L4-L5 and L5-S1 were measured. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for severity of pain. Joint range of motions (ROM) was measured via goniometry. Body extensibility measurements were performed via body hyperextension test. The Nottingham health profile scale was used to assess daily activity level of individuals. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The VAS values of patients with tropism were significantly higher (p=0.016). There wasn’t significance difference in ROM and flexibility (p=0.784). In patient group with facet tropism, there was limit of lateral flexion towards the side where the facet joint angle was larger than the control group (p=0.002). There was no significant difference between daily activity levels of both groups (p=0.755).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Pain severity of facet tropism patients is higher. Patients with facet tropism had lateral flexion restriction. In the light of these findings, when the lateral flexion limitation is detected in individuals with complaints of pain without discopathy, it’s necessary to make MR measurements in differential diagnosis by considering facet joint tropism, and to plan physiotherapy and rehabilitation programs. As a result, tropism should be questioned in patients suffering from LBP and limited lateral flexion. There is need for studies in which different evaluation and treatment methods are applied for tropism.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Splash mask formulation of tangerine (Citrus reticulata Blanco.) peel extract and turmeric (Curcuma longa L) extract as a whitening agent
Authors: Sriarumtias Framesti Frisma , Auliasari Nurul 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Indonesia is a tropical country that is exposed to the sun for 12 hours, one of the harm effects of sunlight which is damage to the skin. The purpose of this study was to determine tyrosinase inhibition of tangerin peel extract (<em>Citrus reticulata Blanco</em>.) from Garut, West Java, Indonesia then develop the splash mask from the extract.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The tangerine peel will be extracted by maceration method. The splash mask formulation containing tangerine peel extract which has a whitening agent. Tyrosinase inhibition determine by ELISA method with tyrosinase enzyme and L-DOPA substrat.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The results showed that tangerine peel extract had tyrosinase inhibition with the IC50 of 30.000 ppm, which has less effective than kojic acid with IC50 81,10 ppm. Splash mask containing of 1000x IC50, evaluation carried out for 28 days showed that preparations made pharmaceutically stable.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In addition, the whitening agent of tangerine peel extract is in the weak category. It is hoped that this research can increase the value of tangerine peel waste.</p><p> </p>
A study on the efficacy of intralesional bleomycin for the treatment of periungual and palmoplantar warts
Authors: Puri Neerja 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Amongst the different modalities for the treatment of warts, not a single modality is fully effective. While treating warts, the possibility of spontaneous regression must also be kept in mind. The aim of treating warts is to induce long term immunity without recurrences. To study the efficacy and safety of intralesional bleomycin for the treatment of twenty patients with periungual and palmoplantar warts.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We conducted a prospective study of twenty patients of resistant periungual and palmoplantar warts between the age group of 15-50 years. Three injections of bleomycin were given at an interval of 2 weeks for a maximum of 3 injections (or less if the resolution occurred earlier).<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> After three sessions, complete clearance of palmoplantar warts was 71.42% and that of periungual warts was 90.90%. lesions were seen in 82% patients and incomplete resolution was seen in 15% patients. Bleomycin has antibacterial, antiviral and cytotoxic activity. Commonest side effect after bleomycin injection was pain seen in 40% (8) patients followed by pigmentary change and Raynauds phenomenon seen in 5% (1) patient each.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Bleomycin is an effective and promising treatment of recalcitrant warts especially in palmoplantar and periungual.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Trichoscopy in common scalp alopecia: an observational study
Authors: Varma Krishnendra , Singh Ujjwal , Kataria Manu 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Many patients of alopecia are encountered in daily practice with diagnostic dilemma. Trichoscopy is a sensitive, non-invasive tool which aids in clinical diagnosis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> An observational study performed in adult patients with alopecia attending R.D. Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, over a period of one year. Trichoscopy was performed using a Dinolite digital microscope with both polarized and non polarized modes.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 269 patients of alopecia (257 non cicatricial, 12 cicatricial) aged 18-50 years were enrolled. The diagnosis was made after detailed history and clinical examination. 173 (64.3%) males and 96 (35.7%) females. 45.4% patients were diagnosed to have alopecia areata in which yellow dots were the most common trichoscopic finding observed in 88.5% patients. 37.2% patients were diagnosed with androgenetic alopecia with hair diameter diversity &gt;20% observed in all the patients. 9.3% patients were diagnosed to have telogen effluvium with short vellus hair seen in 64% patients. 3.7% of the patients were diagnosed to have seborrheic dermatitis with arborizing vessels being the most common finding seen in 90% patients. 2.9% patients were diagnosed with lichen planopilaris in which loss of follicles and peritubular white casts were seen in all the cases. 0.9% patients were diagnosed to have discoid lupus erythematosus with hyperkeratotic follicular plugging seen in all the cases. Overall yellow dots were the most common trichoscopic findings seen in 61% cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Trichoscopy is a reliable diagnostic tool in hair and scalp disorders. Hence trichoscopic evaluation should be done in every case of alopecia. </p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Onychomadesis associated with hand, foot, and mouth disease: a prospective observational study from North Chennai
Authors: Pichaachari Saraswathy , Nagappan Subramaniam Jayanthi , Sundaram Sajeetha 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common febrile illness caused by coxsackievirus A16 and human enterovirus 71 characterized by vesicular eruptions on hands and feet and enanthem on oral mucosa. Resolves usually without complications but onychomadesis can occur as a late sequlae sometimes.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Children with clinical diagnosis of HFMD between April to June 2018 were included in the study. Age, sex, duration of illness, cutaneous features and nail changes were noted at initial visit and during every week for next 6 weeks.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 58 children were recruited in the study with boys to girl’s ratio 1.2:1. The average age was 5.3 years. The vesicular lesions predominantly involved palms and soles (88.3%). 65.5% had history of fever and pruritis was the commonest cutaneous symptom. 27 children (48.21%) developed onychomadesis during follow up with average time interval of 3.2 weeks between the clinical diagnosis and nail shedding. Reassurance about spontaneous resolution of the condition given to the parents.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study strengthened the association between the HFMD and occurrence of onychomadesis. Physician’s awareness about this benign condition is needed to avoid parental anxiety, unnecessary investigations and treatment for the children. </p>
Evaluation of music interventions for anxiety during dermatosurgery under local anesthesia
Authors: Deivasigamani Dhivya , Sreedevi Ambujam , Sundar Sumathy , Balasundaram Sivaprakash , Pragasam Shakthi 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Music is a safe, non-invasive and affordable adjunct to office surgery with several studies based on the effect of music on anxiety levels in varying age groups proving beneficial. The main aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of music intervention on the anxiety levels of patients going through dermato-surgery under local anesthesia.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Participants (n=150) undergoing dermato-surgery were divided equally as control (no music intervention) and experimental group (music intervention). The demographic data, physiological parameters (blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR)) at varying time intervals (baseline, 10 minutes after the commencement of surgery and 20 minutes after the end of surgery) along with the psychological parameter (anxiety) were recorded.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Participants listened to the music of their interest during surgery. The anxiety levels decreased significantly within both the experimental and control groups at varying time intervals (p&lt;0.0001). Within each group, BP, HR, and RR at all time intervals were statistically significant (p&lt;0.0001). On comparing the control and experimental groups, only systolic BP at all time intervals was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05). A negative correlation was observed in RR at 10 minutes with respect to interest in music and social avoidance; at 20 minutes only with interest in music (p&lt;0.05).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The anxiety level of patients going through dermato-surgery under local anesthesia was reduced due to music intervention at varying time intervals. </p>
Pigmented basal cell carcinoma: a rare variant at a rare site
Authors: Chavan Ravindranath B. , Gosavi Anil P. , Kakani Megha V. , Potdar Swaraj D. , Agrawal Atika 
Published: April 2020

<p>Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), is a most common malignancy reported in the western world. It arises most often in sun-exposed areas (80-85%) especially head and neck consistent with the etiologic role of solar radiation. However, there are atypical localizations such as abdomen, perianal region, groin that require a higher index of suspicion to arrive at the correct diagnosis. Exposure to sunlight is thought to be most responsible etiological factor of BCC, although trauma and scar tissue have also been implicated as possible etiological causes. It has a cure rate of 100% with early diagnosis and surgical excision. Pigmented BCC is a rare clinical and histological variant of BCC that exhibits increase pigmentation. We present a case of rare variant of basal cell carcinoma of abdominal location over a prior surgical scar.</p><p class="Body"> </p>
A cross sectional study of lichen planus: It’s epidemiological, clinico-histopathogical and serological perspective
Authors: Seetharamanjaneyulu K , Sri Sneha Palakurthi , Venkata Ramana G , Saya Satya 
Published: April 2020

Lichen planus (LP) is a common papulosquamous skin disease with a prevalence 1-2% globally and 0.1 - 1.5% in Indian studies with many morphological presentations. LP is strongly associated with chronic HCV infection (3.1- 18.3% in different studies), while the association with other viral infections (Hepatitis B and HIV) is not that strong. There are only a few studies in Indian patients and the association reported is not uniform. Further studies will help to consolidate the association.1) To study the epidemiological and clinico- histopathological pattern in LP.2) To determine the serology and assess the possible association with HCV, HBsAg and HIV.140 patients of LP after histopathological confirmation were tested for detection of HCV antibodies, Hbs antigen and HIV antibodies by HCV-TRIDOT, HEPACARD and HIV –TRIDOT respectively. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software 20.0.Most common age group involved was 21-30 years. 75.6% of the patients presented with in 6 months of onset. Extremities and trunk were commonly involved. The most common clinical variants are classical LP(35%) and hypertrophic LP(31%). Mucosal involvement alone was observed in 9.3% patients . HBs Ag was positive in 4 cases , Anti HCV antibodies were positive in 3 cases and HIV was reactive in 3 cases.There is no significant relationship between LP and Hepatitis B, C and HIV virus. It may be suggested that viral serology (HBV, HCV, HIV) may not be necessary in routine screening for LP.
INTRACELLULAR MECHANISMS OF TUMOR CELL IMMUNORESISTANCE
Authors: Hermanowicz Justyna , Sieklucka Beata , Nosek Krzysztof , Pawlak Dariusz 
Published: April 2020

One of the main mechanisms for avoiding immune response by cancer cells is by inducing an immunosuppressive environment in the tumor, following the activation of immune checkpoints i.e. PD-1 or CTLA-4 receptor inhibitors on T lymphocytes. Inhibiting the interaction between PD-1 or CTLA-4 and their ligands (PD-L1, CD80, and CD85) leads to unblocking T-lymphocyte function, and thus destroying cancer cells. Certain intracellular signaling pathways are also involved in the development of tumor cell immunoresistance. Blocking the activation of immunosuppressive pathways may increase immunological anti-tumor control
PREVENTIVE COUNSELING: A RELIGIOUS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM AT BOARDING SCHOOL IN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Bahiroh Siti , M. Suud Fitriah 
Published: April 2020

Purpose of the study: This study aims to explore religious development programs in boarding schools in Yogyakarta and to find out how the implementation of religious development programs, especially preventive counseling programs.
Methodology: This study used a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data collection used observation, interviews, and documentation. The subject were religion teachers, counseling teachers, the vice-principal of student affairs, homeroom teachers, students, and parents of the student.
Main Findings: The results showed that there are two religious development programs at boarding schools in Yogyakarta. First, the development of faith and piety towards Allah by providing concepts in the form of a school lesson. Second, a program to teach religious morals values by internalizing religious values about morals. At the beginning of the study, these programs were designed by paying attention to many current teenage issues and anticipating their future.
Applications of this study: This study can be useful in the field of educational psychology, especially in the personality section. The results of this study can be used by counselors at a school to overcome adolescent problems.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This research showed that to make a student well behave in this digital age was not enough if only giving a theoretical study to them but also inviting them to do good things to their teacher. Furthermore, a stay program in the boarding school can be a consideration for parents to form a positive personality for their children.
Effect of different splitting techniques on the characteristics of divided tablets of five commonly split drug products in Jordan
Authors: Gharaibeh Shadi F. , Tahaineh Linda 
Published: April 2020

Objective: To determine the accuracy, variability, and weight uniformity of tablet subdivision techniques utilized to divide the tablets of five drug products that are commonly prescribed for use as half tablets in Jordan.
Methods: Ten random tablets of five commonly subdivided drug products were weighed and subdivided using three subdivision techniques: hand breaking, kitchen knife, and tablet cutter. The five commonly subdivided drug products (warfarin 5 mg, levothyroxine 50 μg, levothyroxine 100 μg, candesartan 16 mg, and carvedilol 25 mg) were weighed. The weights were analyzed for acceptance, accuracy, and variability. Weight variation acceptance criteria were adopted in this work as a tool to indicate the properness of the subdivision techniques used to produce acceptable half tablets. Other relevant physical characteristics of the five products such as tablet shape, dimensions, face curvature, score depth, and crushing strength were measured.
Results: All tablets were round in shape, had weights that ranged between 100.63 mg (standard deviation=0.99) and 379.04 mg (standard deviation=3.00), and had crushing strengths that ranged between 23.29 N (standard deviation=3.58)and 103.35 N (standard deviation=14.98). Both candesartan and carvedilol were bi-convex in shape with an extent of face curvature equal to about 33%. In addition, percentage score depth of the tablets had a range between 0% and 24%. The accuracy and variability of subdivision varied according to the subdivision technique used and tablet characteristics. Accuracy range was between 81% and 109.8%. Moreover, the relative standard deviation was between 1.5% and 17.4%. Warfarin 5 mg subdivided tablets failed the weight variation test regardless of the subdivision technique used. Subdivision by hand produced half tablets that were acceptable for levothyroxine 50 μg and levothyroxine 100 μg. Subdivision by knife produced half tablets that were acceptable only for candesartan tablets. However, the tablet cutter produced half tablets that passed the weight variation test for four out of the five drug products tested in this study.
Conclusions: The tablet cutter performed better than the other subdivision techniques used. It produced half tablets that passed the weight uniformity test for four drug products out of the five.
EDUKASI DENGAN PENDEKATAN PRINSIP DIABETES SELF MANAGEMENT EDUCATION (DSME) MENINGKATKAN PERILAKU KEPATUHAN DIET PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2
Authors: Laili Nadia Rohmatul , Dewi Yulis Setiya , Wahyuni Erna Dwi 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the incurable cronic diseases. The patient’s dietary obedience is a principal component in diabetes treatment success. One of the efforts to increase dietary obedience behavior in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients is using a Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) principles approach. Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) is the ongoing process of facilitating knowledge, skill and ability necessary for diabetes self care. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of DSME principles approach toward the dietary obedience behavior that consists of knowledge, attitude, and practice aspects in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Puskesmas Kebonsari Surabaya.Methods: A quasy experimental design was used in this study with 24 people as the sample which taken by using purposive sampling and divided into two groups (treatment and control group). A structured questionnaire and daily meal note for seven days were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by using Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann Whitney U test with significant level α≤0.05. Result: The results showed that there was an influence of DSME principles approach after being applied to the treatment group and control group toward the dietary knowledge with the value of p=0.004 and p=0.083 respectively, the attitude of dietary obedience with p=0.025 and p=0.083 and the dietary obedience practice with p=0.002 and p=0.564.Discussion: The study showed that DSME approach had a significant influence toward the dietary obedience behavior in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. DSME principles approach used learning based on patient empowerment and behavior strategies. Ongoing support also contributed in maintaining progress achieved so that resulting dietary obedience behavior in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients. Larger respondents, more proper instruments and longer duration of study are needed to get a better results of the study concerning diabetic patient’s obedience in the future.
Kepatuhan Pengelolaan Penyakit Diabetes mellitus Tipe II melalui Peer Group Support di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kebonsari Surabaya
Authors: Diatiningsih Yuyun , Kusnanto Kusnanto , Bakar Abu 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that cannot be cured so that compliance is required to manage the disease. Patient compliance is in accordance with the provisions of the behavior of health workers. The aimed of this study was to analyze the effect of peer group support on the compliance of type 2 Diabetes mellitus disease management.Methods: This research was used a quasy experiment pre post test designed. The selection of sample using a purposive sampling and was obtained 16 respondents from 77 population. The independent variable was a peer group support that carried out for two weeks while dependent variable was dietary compliance, exercise and drugs consumption which data was collected by observation sheet. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann Whitney U Test with significantvalue of ≤α 0.05.Result: The results showed that there was increase of dietary compliance (p=0.012) but there was no effect of peer group support for dietary compliance (p=0.14), the increase of exercise compliance (p=0.012) and there was effect of peer group support for exercisecompliance (p=0.004), and the increase of drugs consumption compliance (p=0.027) and there was effect of peer group support for drugs consumption compliance (p=0.048).Discussion: It can be concluded that peer group support had good effect to improve dietary compliance, exercise, and drugs consumption so that blood sugar could be controlled. Larger respondents, more proper instruments and longer duration of study will be needed to get a better result of the further research.