bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D3 controls TLR4- and TLR2-mediated inflammatory responses of endometrial cells
Authors: Ghanavatinejad Alireza , Rashidi Nesa , Mirahmadian Mahroo , Rezania Simin , Mosalaei Mahdokht , Ghasemi Jamileh , Zarnani Amir-Hassan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: There is a significant association between intrauterine infection-associated inflammatory responses and such pregnancy complications as abortion and preterm labor. Here, we aimed to investigate anti-inflammatory effects of 1,25 (OH)2 D3 on pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion and expression of TLR2, TLR4 and MyD88 in endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) and whole endometrial cells (WECs). Method: WECs were treated with either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and ESCs were treated with LPS. IL-6, IL8 and TNF-α were quantified using ELISA technique. TLR2, TLR4 and MyD88 expression were assessed by RT-qPCR. TLR4 expression at the protein level was studied by Western blot technique. Results: 1,25 (OH)2 D3 significantly reduced TNF-α production in LPS-activated ESCs and TNF-α and IL-6 production by LTA-stimulated WECs. In contrast, 1,25 (OH)2 D3 pre-treatment increased production of IL-8 by LPS- and LTA-stimulated endometrial cells. 1,25 (OH)2 D3 pre-treatment markedly reduced LPS-induced TLR-4 protein expression by ESCs. LPS treatment of ESCs significantly induced MyD88 gene expression. This effect was reversed when these cells were pre-treated with 1,25 (OH)2 D3 before stimulation with LPS. Conclusion: 1,25 (OH)2 D3 is an immunomodulatory molecule essential for maintenance of endometrial immune homeostasis through controlling potentially harmful inflammatory responses associated with female reproductive tract infections. Key words: Vitamin D3, Endometrium, Inflammation, Toll like receptors, Pro-inflammatory cytokines
Do polystyrene microplastics affect juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta f. fario) and modulate effects of the pesticide methiocarb?
Authors: Schmieg Hannah , Huppertsberg Sven , Knepper Thomas P. , Krais Stefanie , Reitter Katharina , Rezbach Felicitas , Ruhl Aki S. , Köhler Heinz R. , Triebskorn Rita 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background During the last decade, there has been rising interest of the scientific community and the public in the environmental risk related to the abundance of microplastics in aquatic environments. Besides potential effects of the particles themselves, also their interaction with organic micropollutants is of particular concern. Up to now, however, scientific knowledge in this context is scarce and insufficient for a reliable risk assessment. This is especially true for data on microplastics in freshwater ecosystems.Results Against the background of this shortage, we investigated possible adverse effects of polystyrene particles (10 4 particles/L) and the pesticide methiocarb (1 mg/L) both alone as well as in combination in juvenile brown trout ( Salmo trutta f. fario ) after a 96 h laboratory exposure. PS beads (density 1.05 g/mL) were cryogenically milled and fractionated resulting in irregular shaped particles (<50 µm). Besides body weight of the animals, biomarkers for proteotoxicity (stress protein family Hsp70), oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation) and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterases) were analysed. As an indicator of overall health histopathological effects were studied in liver and gills of exposed fish. Polystyrene particles alone did not influence any of the investigated biomarkers. In contrast, the exposure to methiocarb led to a significant reduction of the activity of acetylcholinesterase and the two carboxylesterases. Moreover, the tissue integrity of liver and gills was impaired by the pesticide. Body weight, the oxidative stress and the stress protein levels were not influenced by methiocarb. Effects caused by the mixture of polystyrene microplastics and methiocarb were the same as those caused by methiocarb alone.Conclusions Overall, methiocarb led to strong effects in juvenile brown trout. In contrast, polystyrene microplastics in the tested concentration did not negatively affect the health of juvenile brown trout and did not modulate the toxicity of methiocarb in this fish species.
Macronutrients, immunoglobulin A and total antioxidant capacity of human milk during prolonged lactation
Authors: ongprasert krongporn , Ruangsuriya Jetsada , Malasao Rungnapa , Sapbamrer Ratana , Suppansan Pikul , Ayood Pisittawoot , Kittisakmontri Kulnipa , Siviroj Penprapa 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: A longer duration of breastfeeding of up to two years is encouraged by many health authorities, but there is limited information regarding the composition of the milk after one year postpartum. The aim of the study was to determine the longitudinal changes in human milk macronutrients, immunoglobulin A (IgA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) during prolonged lactation. Methods: One hundred eighty-four breastfeeding mothers with full-term healthy children who had been lactating from 1 to 24 months were recruited from January 2019 to April 2019. Human milk was biochemically analyzed for protein and carbohydrate content by colorimetric assays. The fat content was determined by capillary centrifugation, and the energy content was calculated from the results of centrifugation. IgA levels and TAC were determined by ELISA and a Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay, respectively.Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the association of milk composition with the month of lactation. Results: The concentrations of protein, fat, energy and IgA were positively correlated with the duration of lactation ( r = 0.15, p < 0.05; r = 0.23, p < 0.05; r = 0.23, p < 0.05 and r = 0.29, p < 0.05, respectively). No significant correlations of the carbohydrate concentrations or TAC with the duration of lactation was observed ( r = 0.10, p > 0.05 and r = -0.07, P > 0.05, respectively). Conclusions: We demonstrated that protein, fat, IgA and energy contents increasedduring prolonged lactation lasting up to twoyears postpartum, while carbohydrateconcentrationand TACwerenot related to lactation duration. Based on the results, lactating mothers should be encouraged to continue breastfeeding for at least two years postpartum.
Genome-wide identification of MAPKKK genes and their responses to phytoplasma infection in Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)
Authors: Author) ZhiGuo Liu(Former Corresponding , Wang Lixin , Xue Chaoling , Chu Yuetong , Gao Weilin , Zhao Yitong , Zhao Jin , Author) Mengjun Liu(New Corresponding 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play vital roles in signal transduction in response to a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses. In a previous study we identified ten ZjMAPKs and five ZjMAPKKs in the Chinese jujube genome. We found some members of ZjMAPKs and ZjMAPKKs may play key roles in the plant’s response to phytoplasma infection. But how these ZjMAPKKs are modulated by ZjMAPKKKs during the response process remains uncertain. Little information is available regarding MAPKKKs in Chinese jujube. Results A total of 56 ZjMAPKKKs were identified in the jujube genome. All contain the key S-TKc (serine/threonine protein kinase) domain which is distributed among all 12 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analyses show these ZjMAPKKKs can be classified into two subfamilies. Of these, 41 belong to the Raf subfamily and 15 to the MEKK subfamily. In addition, the ZjMAPKKKs in each subfamily share the same conserved motifs and gene structures. Only one pair of ZjMAPKKKs (15/16, on Chromosome 5) was found to be tandem duplicated. Using qPCR, the expression profiles of these MAPKKKs were investigated in response to infection with phytoplasma. In the three main infected tissues (witches’ broom leaves, phyllody leaves, apparently normal leaves), ZjMAPKKK26 and 45 were significantly up-regulated and ZjMAPKKK3, 43 and 50 were significantly down-regulated. While the ZjMAPKKK4, 10, 25 and 44 were significantly and highly induced in sterile cultivated tissues infected by phytoplasma, while ZjMAPKKK6, 7, 17, 18, 30, 34, 35, 37, 40, 41, 43, 46, 52 and 46 53 were significantly down-regulated. Conclusions For the first time, we present an identification and classification analysis of ZjMAPKKKs. Some ZjMAPKKKs genes possibly play key roles in response to phytoplasma infection. This study provides an initial understanding for the mechanisms through which ZjMAPKKKs are involved in the response of Chinese jujube to phytoplasma infection.
La existencia y el cielo. Observaciones acerca de la relación entre existencia y obediencia a partir del pensamiento de S. Kierkegaard
Authors: Garrido-Maturano Ángel Enrique 
Published: December 2019

Resumen

El artículo analiza desde una perspectiva fenomenológico-hermenéutica tres aspectos de la concepción kierkegaardiana de la existencia: la existencia como libertad y devenir, como relación a un télos absoluto y como aceptación del propio ser. El análisis persigue dos objetivos. Primero, mostrar cómo la existencia, que es elección de sí y, por ello, acción finita, se consuma, paradójicamente, como pasión de lo infinito y obediencia a lo absoluto. Segundo, explicitar las dos dimensiones fundamentales de la obediencia: la inmanente como asentimiento al pathos que mueve nuestra existencia; y la trascendente como asunción de nuestra dependencia de un absoluto incierto e inalcanzable.
ÇOCUKLARIN BOŞANMAYA VE EBEVEYNLERİNE İLİŞKİN ALGILARI
Authors: KOÇAK Orhan , DEMİREL Raziye , KIRLIOĞLU Mehmet 
Published: December 2019

Bu
araştırmanın amacı boşanmış veya boşanma sürecinde olan ailelerin çocuklarının
boşanma eylemine ve anne-babalarına ilişkin algılarını mecazlar (metaforlar)
yardımıyla ortaya çıkarmak ve analiz etmektir. Boşanmış veya boşanma sürecinde
olan 10 çift ve bu çiftlerin 16 çocuğu ile yapılan görüşmeler 10.10.2017-29.11.2017
tarihleri arasında Bakırköy adliyesi görüşme odasında araştırmacılar tarafından
yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada "Boşanma/ayrılma kelimesini
duyunca aklına ilk gelen şey nedir?
Annen ile babanın ayrılacağını nasıl/kimden öğrendin? Annen ile babanın
boşanmalarını mı yoksa beraber olmalarını mı isterdin? Sebebini öğrenebilir
miyim? Anneni, babanı, boşanma eylemini tanımlamak istesen hangi mecazları
kullanırsın? Anneni; bir nesne, bir şekil, bir varlık, bir
hayvan, bir bitki, bir şehir, bir masal ya da film kahramanına benzetmek
istesen neye benzetirdin? Neden? Babanı; bir nesne, bir şekil, bir varlık, bir
hayvan, bir bitki, bir şehir, bir masal ya da film kahramanına benzetmek
istesen neye benzetirdin? Neden? Boşanmayı ya da ayrılığı; bir nesne, bir
şekil, bir varlık, bir hayvan, bir bitki, bir şehir, bir masal ya da film kahramanına
benzetmek istesen neye benzetirdin? Neden?" gibi sorular sorulmuştur.
Görüşmeler sonunda elde edilen veriler bilgisayar ortamına kaydedilmiş ve
araştırmanın amacına yönelik temalara ayrılmıştır. Temaların uygunluğu
konusunda uzman görüşüne başvurulmuştur. Toplamda 3 ana tema ve 10 alt tema
oluşturulmuştur. Bunlardan “korku”, “koruyucu”, “iyilik” ve “nefret” alt
temaları anne ve babanın tanımlanmasına ilişkin; “dağılma”, “seçim” ve
“kurtulma” alt temaları boşanma eylemine ilişkin; ve “beraber”, “ayrı” ve
“kararsız” alt temaları anne-babalarının boşanmalarını mı yoksa beraber
olmalarını mı isteyip istemediklerine ilişkindir. Çalışmamızla benzer şekilde yapılan araştırmalar, çocukların
tartışmaların olduğu, sorunlu bir aileyi anne ve babalarının boşanmasına tercih
ettiğini ortaya koymaktadır.
Pengembangan Radio MBS 107.80 FM Berbasis Aplikasi Android
Authors: Widyastuti Novia 
Published: December 2019

<p>Radio Mitra Berdakwah dan Bersholawat (MBS) adalah Radio Komunitas yang ada di Fakultas Dakwah dan Komunikasi UIN Walisongo Semarang dengan Frequensi 107.8 Mhz. Pada awalnya Radio MBS merupakan tempat Praktikum Mahasiswa untuk mengembangkan kemampuannya dibidang kepenyiaran. Karena keterbatasan jangkauan frekuensi yang dimiliki untuk mendengarkan radio MBS, media informan mengatakan bahwa mereka tidak dapat mendengarkan radio MBS karna tidak terjangkau di wilayah tertentu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam pengembangan aplikasi radio streaming berbasis Android adalah jenis penelitian pengembangan dengan metode ADDIE. sedangkan objek yang diteliti adalah kemudahan dana kelayakan aplikasi radio streaming berbasis Android. </p>Kelebihan dari produk aplikasi radio ini ialah pada prosedur operasionalnya yang mudah. Setelah didesain sedemikian rupa sebagaimana pada pembahasan desain awal produk, pada operasionalnya hanya tinggal menjalankan aplikasi ZaraRadio sebagai software utamanya dalam melakukan siaran, kemudian penyiar juga menjalankan aplikasi edcast untuk mentransfer audio ke streamer agar dapat mentransfer ke aplikasi android. Sedangkan kelemahan pada produk streaming ini ialah suara yang didengarkan pada channel streaming mengalami delay yaitu sekitar 15-20 detik. Kelemahan lain yaitu system jaringan internet pada aplikasi edcast yang tidak mendukung untuk menggunakan jaringan internet mikrotik sehingga peneliti menggunakan jaringan internet modulator demodulator (modem) untuk menjalankan streaming radio pada aplikasi edcast. Kelemahan yang lain yaitu jaringan sebelumnya pada streaming radio MBS.FM terbatas, hanya 100 pendengar saja diwaktu bersamaan.
Enhancing anaerobic digestion of dairy and swine wastewater by adding trace elements: evaluation in batch and continuous experiments
Authors: Wang Jing , Westerholm Maria , Qiao Wei , Mahdy Ahmed , Wandera Simon M. , Yin Dongmin , Bi Shaojie , Fan Run , Dong Renjie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Trace elements play a critical role for microbial activity in anaerobic digestion (AD) but their effects were probably overestimated in batch tests and should be comparably evaluated in continuous systems. In this study, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ were added in different concentrations to manure wastewater, and the effects were compared in both batch and continuous systems. The results were used to demonstrate suitable trace element compositions for AD of dairy and swine wastewater, and to compare the outcomes from batch and continuous systems. Fe2+ and Zn2+ were identified as being the most efficient stimulant of dairy and swine wastewater respectively. The addition of 5 mg/L Fe2+ and 0.4 mg/L Zn2+ increased the batch specific methane yield by 62% and 126% for dairy and swine wastewater, respectively. Nevertheless, a lower increment of 2% and 21%, for dairy and swine wastewater was obtained in the 120-day continuously-fed experiments. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results indicated a relationship between the methanogens population, specific methanogenic activities, propionate, and dissolved hydrogen. Conclusively, the addition of a low dosage of Fe2+ and Zn2+ is a feasible strategy to enhance the methanogenic metabolism of the AD of dairy and swine wastewater respectively.
Mutation Mechanisms of Breast Cancer among the Female Population in China
Authors: Amer Asmaa , Nagah Ahmed , Tian Tianhai , Zhang Xinan 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Cancer is a genetic disease caused by the accumulation of gene
mutations. It is important to derive the number of driver mutations that are needed for the
development of human breast cancer, which may provide insights into the tumor diagnosis and
therapy.

Objective:
This work is designed to investigate whether there is any difference for the mutation
mechanism of breast cancer between the patients in the USA and those in China. We study the
mechanisms of breast cancer development in China, and then compare these mechanisms with
those in the USA.

Methods:
This work designed a multistage model including both gene mutation and clonal
expansion of intermediate cells to fit the dataset of breast cancer in China from 2004 to 2009.

Results:
Our simulation results show that the maximum number of driver mutations for breast
epithelium stem cells of females in China is 13 which is less than the 14 driver mutations of
females in the USA. In addition, the two-hit model is the optimal one for the tumorigenesis of
females in China, which is also different from the three-hit model that was predicted as the optimal
model for the tumorigenesis of females in the USA.

Conclusion:
The differences of the mutation mechanisms between China and the USA reflect a
variety of lifestyle, genetic influences, environmental exposure, and the availability of mammography
screening.
Electronegativity in Substituted-4(H)-quinazolinones Causes Anxiolysis without a Sedative-hypnotic Adverse Reaction in Female Wistar Rats
Authors: Mishra Shweta , Das Debashree , Sahu Adarsh , Verma Ekta , Patil Shailendra , Agarwal Ram Kishore , Gajbhiye Asmita 
Published: December 2019

Objectives:
In the current study, the synthesis, characterization, and neuropharmacology
of quinazolinone tethered with aromatic (3a-3i) and heteroaromatic substitution (3j, 3k, and 3l) as
effective anxiolytic agents are reported.

Background:
Anxiety and depression are often comorbid with neurological as well as other
medical maladies. Clinically known anxiolytics (Benzodiazepines) are accompanied by untoward
sedation and other CNS depressive actions. The quinazolinone moiety is a privileged pharmacophore
with a wide pharmacological spectrum. Herein, the synthesis, characterization, and neuropharmacological
evaluation of some 2-substituted quinazolinone derivatives are reported.

Methods:
The synthesized compounds were characterized using 1H-NMR and TLC analysis. Behavioral
analysis was performed using EPM (Elevated Plus Maze), OFT (Open Field Test), PIST
(Pentobarbital Induced Sleep Test), FST (Forced Swim Test) and PCPA (p-chlorophenyl alanine)
bioassay. To further justify the therapeutic claim, systemic and neurotoxicological analysis of the
most potent members of the series was performed using OECD mandated protocols. The studies
showed that the compounds had a wide therapeutic window with >1000 mg/kg and >500 mg/kg
LD50 and NOAEL, respectively.

Results:
The compounds with an electronegative group in the quinazolinone nucleus (3f, 3e, 3d,
and 3c) induced anxiolysis devoid of sedative adverse reaction. Besides, anti-depressant efficacy
of 3f, 3e, 3d, and 3c observed in rodents was a result of a decrease in anxiety level. It was found
that the neurotoxicology of the potent members (3f, 3e, 3d, and 3c) advocated their wide therapeutic
window with >1000 mg/kg LD50 and >5000 mg/kg NOAEL.

Conclusion:
Our findings of behavioral bioassays revealed that inducing an electronegative
group into the quinazolinone nucleus yielded the most potent members of the series (3f, 3e, 3d,
and 3c). The said compounds were found to produce anxiolysis and anti-depressive action without
sedative-hypnotic side effects in rodent models. In summary, it can be stated that extending the
studies in a clinical setting would furbish the contours of current anxiolytic therapy, especially in
anxiety comorbid with medical maladies.
The Effect of Nanocurcumin in Improvement of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Hashemzadeh Kamila , Davoudian Najmeh , Jaafari Mahmoud R. , Mirfeizi Zahra 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease of the joints. Non-steroidal antiinflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs) are being used for the treatment of osteoarthritis. However, their use
is limited due to complications, such as gastrointestinal bleeding. Therefore, it is necessary to find
alternative treatments for osteoarthritis. Recently, nanomicelle curcumin has been developed to increase
the oral bioavailability of curcumin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nano
curcumin on the alleviation of the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis patients.

Methods:
In this randomized, double-blind controlled trial, the intervention group was administered
40 mg of nanocurcumin capsule every 12 hours over a period of six weeks, and the control group
received the placebo (similar components of nanomicelle curcumin capsules yet without curcumin).
In the final analysis, 36 patients in the nanocurcumin group and 35 patients in the placebo group
were enrolled. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)
was filled for patients in their first visit and at the end of six weeks. Differences were statistically
significant at P-value < 0.05.

Results:
There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding gender, age, Kellgren
score, and the duration of the disease before the intervention. A significant decrease was observed
in the overall score, along with the scores of pain, stiffness and physical activity subscales of
the WOMAC questionnaire in patients of the nano curcumin group compared with the placebo group.

Conclusion:
Nanocurcumin significantly improves the symptoms of osteoarthritis patients.
FDG PET/CT in the Staging of Lung Cancer
Authors: Farsad Mohsen 
Published: December 2019

Background.:
Accurate staging is crucial for the proper management of patients with nonsmall
cell lung cancer, especially for choosing the best treatment strategy. Different Imaging methods
are used to stage patients with non-small cell lung cancer. In the last two decades, FDG PET/CT is
carried out in almost all the main Hospitals around the world in this setting.

Objective:
The aim of this paper is to focus on the value of integrated FDG PET/CT in the TNM staging
of the non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods:
A non-systematic revision of the literature was performed in order to identify all papers
about the role of FDG PET/CT in the evaluation of non-small cell lung cancer and to highlight the
value of FDG PET/CT in this setting.

Results:
Many data are now available about this topic, including also randomized controlled trials.
FDG PET/CT is of limited added value in the characterization of T status but it increases the diagnostic
accuracy for the assessment of the nodal status. The main advantage of FDG PET/CT over conventional
imaging methods is its higher sensitivity in identifying extra-thoracic metastases, especially bone
and adrenal lesions.

Conclusion:
PET/CT with FDG should be included in the diagnostic work-up of patients with lung
cancer, because it provides useful information for appropriate therapy.
A Hybrid Hyper-Heuristic Flower Pollination Algorithm for Service Composition Problem in IoT
Authors: Kashyap Neeti , Kumari A. Charan , Chhikara Rita 
Published: December 2019

Objectives:
The modern science applications have non-continuous and multivariate nature
due to which the traditional optimization methods suffer a lack of efficiency. Flower pollination
is a natural interesting procedure in the real world. The novel optimization algorithms can be
designed by employing the evolutionary capability of the flower pollination to optimize resources.

Methods:
This paper introduces the hybrid algorithm named Hybrid Hyper-Heuristic Flower Pollination
Algorithm, HHFPA. It uses a combination of Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) and Hyper-
Heuristic Evolutionary Algorithm (HypEA). This paper compares the basic FPA with the proposed
algorithm named HHFPA. FPA is inspired by the pollination process of flowers whereas the
hyper-heuristic evolutionary algorithm operates on the heuristics search space that contains all the
heuristics to find a solution for a given problem. The proposed algorithm is implemented to solve
the Quality of Service (QoS) based Service Composition Problem (SCoP) in Internet of Things
(IoT). With increasing services with same functionality on the web, selecting a suitable candidate
service based on non-functional characteristics such as QoS has become an inspiration for optimization.

Results:
This paper includes experimental results showing better outcomes to find the best solution
using the proposed algorithm as compared to Basic FPA.

Conclusion:
The empirical analysis also reveals that HHFPA outperformed basic FPA in solving
the SCoP with more convergence rates.