bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multi-Scale Computational Model of Excitotoxic Loss of Dopaminergic Cells in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Muddapu Vignayanandam R. , Chakravarthy V. Srinivasa 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTParkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by loss of dopaminergic neurons in Substantia Nigra pars compacta (SNc). Although the exact cause of the cell death is not clear, the hypothesis that metabolic deficiency is a key facor has been gaining attention in the recent years. In the present study, we investigate this hypothesis using a multi-scale computational model of the subsystem of the basal ganglia comprising Subthalamic Nucleus (STN), Globus Pallidus externa (GPe) and SNc. The model is a multiscale model in that interactions among the three nuclei are simulated using more abstract Izhikevich neuron models, while the molecular pathways involved in cell death of SNc neurons are simulated in terms of detailed chemical kinetics. Simulation results obtained from the proposed model showed that energy deficiencies occurring at cellular and network levels could precipitate the excitotoxic loss of SNc neurons in PD. At the subcellular level, the models show how calcium elevation leads to apoptosis of SNc neurons. The therapeutic effects of several neuroprotective interventions are also simulated in the model. From neuroprotective studies, it was clear that glutamate inhibition and apoptotic signal blocker therapies were able to halt the progression of SNc cell loss when compared to other therapeutic interventions, which only slows down the progression of SNc cell loss.
Quantitative analyses reveal extracellular dynamics of Wnt ligands inXenopusembryos
Authors: Mii Yusuke , Nakazato Kenichi , Pack Chan-Gi , Sako Yasushi , Mochizuki Atsushi , Takada Shinji , Taira Masanori 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTThe mechanism of intercellular transport of Wnt ligands is still a matter of debate. Here, to better understand this issue, we examined distribution and dynamics of Wnt8 inXenopusembryos. While Venus-tagged Wnt8 was found on the surfaces of cells close to Wnt-producing cells, we also detected its dispersal over distances of 15 cell diameters. A combination of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and quantitative imaging revealed that only a small proportion of Wnt8 ligands diffuses freely, whereas most Wnt8 molecules are bound to cell surfaces. Fluorescence decay after photoconversion showed that Wnt8 ligands bound on cell surfaces decreased exponentially, suggesting a dynamic exchange of bound forms of Wnt ligands. Mathematical modelling based on this exchange recapitulates a graded distribution of bound, but not free, Wnt ligands. Based on these results, we propose that Wnt distribution in tissues is controlled by a dynamic exchange of its abundant bound and rare free populations.
Systemic Bone Loss Following Myocardial Infarction in Mice is Mitigated by Treatment with a β3 Adrenergic Receptor Antagonist
Authors: Tjandra Priscilla M. , Paralkar Manali P. , Osipov Benjamin , Chen Yi-Je , Zhao Fengdong , Ripplinger Crystal M. , Christiansen Blaine A. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMyocardial infarction (MI) and osteoporotic fracture (Fx) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and there is epidemiological evidence linking their incidence, suggesting possible crosstalk. MI can exacerbate underlying atherosclerosis through sympathetic nervous system activation and β3 adrenoreceptor-mediated release of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), leading to monocytosis. We hypothesized that this same pathway may initiate systemic bone loss following MI, since osteoclasts differentiate from monocytes. In this study, MI was performed in 12-week-old male mice (n=24), and mice were randomized to treatment with a β3-adrenergic receptor antagonist (SR 59230A) or no treatment for 10 days post-operatively; additional mice (n=21, treated and untreated) served as un-operated controls. Bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and body composition were quantified at baseline and 10 days post-MI using DXA; at 10 days post-MI circulating monocyte and neutrophil levels were quantified, and the L5 vertebral body and femur were analyzed with micro-computed tomography. We found that MI led to increases in circulating monocyte and neutrophil levels, but contrary to our initial hypothesis, β3-antagonist treatment further increased circulating monocytes compared to untreated mice. BMD and BMC of MI mice decreased at the femur and lumbar spine (−6.9% femur BMD, -3.5% lumbar BMD); β3-antagonist treatment diminished this bone loss response (−5.3% femur BMD, -1.2% lumbar BMD). Similarly, trabecular bone volume was decreased in MI mice compared to control mice, and this bone loss was partially attenuated by β3-antagonist treatment. These results suggest that MI leads to bone loss at both the axial and appendicular skeleton, and that the sympathetic nervous system may be a modulator of this response. This study is the first to mechanistically show bone loss following an ischemic injury; these findings suggest that bone loss and increased fracture risk may be important clinical co-morbidities following MI or other ischemic injuries.
Mechanistic Determinants of Slow Axonal Transport and Presynaptic Targeting of Clathrin Packets
Authors: Ganguly Archan , Wernert Florian , Phan Sébastien , Boassa Daniela , Das Utpal , Sharma Rohan , Caillol Ghislaine , Han Xuemei , Yates John R. , Ellisman Mark H. , Leterrier Christophe , Roy Subhojit 
Published: February 2020

SUMMARYClathrin has established roles in endocytosis, with clathrin-cages enclosing membrane infoldings, followed by rapid disassembly and reuse of monomers. However, in neurons, clathrin synthesized in cell-bodies is conveyed into axons and synapses via slow axonal transport; as shown by classic pulse-chase radiolabeling. What is the cargo-structure, and mechanisms underlying transport and presynaptic-targeting of clathrin? What is the precise organization at synapses? Combining live-imaging, mass-spectrometry (MS), Apex-labeled EM-tomography and super-resolution, we found that unlike dendrites where clathrin transiently assembles/disassembles as expected, axons contain stable ‘transport-packets’ that move intermittently with an anterograde bias; with actin/myosin-VI as putative tethers. Transport-packets are unrelated to endocytosis, and the overall kinetics generate a slow biased flow of axonal clathrin. Synapses have integer-numbers of clathrin-packets circumferentially abutting the synaptic-vesicle cluster, advocating a model where delivery of clathrin-packets by slow axonal transport generates a radial organization of clathrin at synapses. Our experiments reveal novel trafficking mechanisms, and an unexpected nanoscale organization of synaptic clathrin.
Tissue-specific profiling reveals distinctive regulatory architectures for ubiquitous, germline and somatic genes
Authors: Serizay Jacques , Dong Yan , Jänes Jürgen , Chesney Michael , Cerrato Chiara , Ahringer Julie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDespite increasingly detailed knowledge of gene expression patterns, the regulatory architectures that drive them are not well understood. To address this, we compared transcriptional and regulatory element activities across five adult tissues ofC. elegans, covering ∼90% of cells, and defined regulatory grammars associated with ubiquitous, germline and somatic tissue-specific gene expression patterns. We find architectural features that distinguish two major promoter types. Germline-specific and ubiquitously-active promoters have well positioned +1 and −1 nucleosomes associated with a periodic 10-bp WW signal. Somatic tissue-specific promoters lack these features, have wider nucleosome depleted regions, and are more enriched for core promoter elements, which surprisingly differ between tissues. A 10-bp periodic WW signal is also associated with +1 nucleosomes of ubiquitous promoters in fly and zebrafish but is not detected in mouse and human. Our results demonstrate fundamental differences in regulatory architectures of germline-active and somatic tissue-specific genes and provide a key resource for future studies.
Crystal structure of Senecavirus A 3C protease
Authors: Meng Kaiwen , Zhang Lijie , Meng Geng 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSenecavirus A (SVA), an emerging picornavirus in porcine population, could infect porcines of all age group and cause FMD-like symptoms. Picornaviridae, a group of RNA viruses do harm to both human and stocks; however, most of picornaviruses are lack of effective vaccines and drugs. Picornaviral 3C protease (3Cpro), as an important role in virus maturation, they basically take charge of poly-protein cleavaging, RNA replication, and multiple interventions on host cells. In this study, we successfully solved the crystal structure of 3Cproat 1.9 Å resolution. The results showed several differences of the binding groove within picornaviral 3Cpro, and prompted that the accommodate ability of the pocket may associate with the cleavage efficiency. The further research on 3Cprocleavage efficiency based on structural biology, will prospectively provide an instruction on designing of efficient 3Cprofor universally proteolysis in picornaviral VLP production.
Developing and validating an innovation drivers' measurement instrument in the agri-food sector
Authors: Kafetzopoulos Dimitrios , Vouzas Fotios , Skalkos Dimitrios 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop an instrument that measures a set of dynamic drivers for managing innovation capability; and to validate this instrument in the agri-food sector.Design/methodology/approachBased on the innovation drivers identified after an extensive literature review, a measurement instrument was developed and then empirically validated through collecting preliminary data from 434 Greek agri-food companies. Exploratory factor analysis was applied, while their validity was confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis.FindingsThe analysis of the data confirms a valid measurement instrument of innovation drivers which consists of five drivers, namely, collaboration, environmental dynamism, knowledge orientation, quality orientation, and process management. The level of the five innovation drivers by the sample companies is deemed high, though not, however, excellent.Research limitations/implicationsA research challenge is to understand how the five innovation drivers are associated with agri-food business performance taking into consideration the role of environmental uncertainty. Moreover, it is worth validating this measurement instrument using multiple indicators for innovation drivers.Practical implicationsThe main contribution of this paper is that it develops a valid measurement instrument that can be used by agri-food companies as a self-assessment tool and a benchmarking tool. In doing so, suitable strategies can be selected in order for an agri-food to improve its innovation capability.Originality/valueThe proposed model provides plausible guidelines that advance innovation management research in the agri-food companies.
Industry 4.0 and supply chain process re-engineering
Authors: Patrucco Andrea , Ciccullo Federica , Pero Margherita 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis paper contributes to the literature on supply chain process management by discussing how Industry 4.0 technologies can support process re-engineering in the context of the construction industry.Design/methodology/approachThe paper discusses the impact of Industry 4.0 technologies through an exploratory case study focused on the materials management process, using a coproduction of research approach where the main findings are obtained through the involvement of internal and external process actors.FindingsThe results show that the introduction of Industry 4.0 technologies could radically improve process performance, better supporting the execution of activities, increasing the effectiveness of communication between actors and favoring data collection and sharing. These technologies, characterized by the level of risk connected to their implementation, need to be introduced in combination with new organizational mechanisms, which may be beneficial for several supply chain actors.Originality/valueThrough the adoption of a research coproduction methodology, which is not common in the literature, this paper contributes to the ongoing discussion about how Industry 4.0 technologies contribute to process-centric supply chains, by discussing the benefits of these tools from the perspective of process actors.
Assumed stress quasi-conforming formulation for static and free vibration analysis of symmetric laminated plates
Authors: Wang Changsheng , Han Xiao , Yang Caixia , Zhang Xiangkui , Hou Wenbin 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
Numerous finite elements are proposed based on analytical solutions. However, it is difficult to find the solutions for complicated governing equations. This paper aims to present a novel formulation in the framework of assumed stress quasi-conforming method for the static and free vibration analysis of anisotropic and symmetric laminated plates.

Design/methodology/approach
Firstly, an initial stress approximation ruled by 17 parameters, which satisfies the equilibrium equations is derived to improve the performance of the constructed element. Then the stress matrix is treated as the weighted function to weaken the strain-displacement equations. Finally, the Timoshenko’s laminated composite beam functions are adopted as boundary string-net functions for strain integration.

Findings
Several numerical examples are presented to show the performance of the new element, and the results obtained are compared with other available ones. Numerical results have proved that the new element is free from shear locking and possesses high accuracy for the analysis of anisotropic and symmetric laminated plates.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a new QC element for the static and free vibration analysis of anisotropic and symmetric laminated plates. In contrast with the complicated analytical solutions of the equilibrium equations, an initial stress approximation ruled by 17 parameters is adopted here. The Timoshenkos laminated composite beam functions are introduced as boundary string-net functions for strain integration. Numerical results demonstrate the new element is free from shear locking and possesses high accuracy for the analysis of anisotropic and symmetric laminated plates.
Business-to-business referral as digital coopetition strategy
Authors: Zhu Ying , Lynette Wang Valerie , Wang Yong Jian , Nastos Jim 
Published: February 2020

PurposeBased on theories related to coopetition, the purpose of this paper is to examine the patterns of business-to-business digital referrals inscribed in businesses’ digital content.Design/methodology/approachA complete industry-wise digital data set is formed by extracting digital referrals in all the content pages. The authors outline how digital referrals are strategically used among peer businesses in the peer-to-peer digital network and in the augmented digital network, taking into consideration geographical framing and physical distance.FindingsThe authors reveal how geographical framing and physical distance influence peer-to-peer referral patterns in the digital space. Quite counter-intuitively, businesses are more likely to give digital referrals for peers residing in the same region, as well as for peers located in closer proximity. Further, results from the augmented digital network show that peer businesses in closer proximity exhibit greater strategic similarity in their digital referring strategy.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings extend the understanding of business-to-business coopetition to the digital space and suggest that geographical framing and physical distance can induce reciprocated relationships between peers by offering each other digital referrals.Practical implicationsThe findings shed light on the formation of a business-to-business digital coopetition strategy using digital referral marketing.Originality/valueThis study highlights the impact of digital referrals in business-to-business relationship management, especially in the digital coopetition context.
High-performance work systems, innovation and knowledge sharing
Authors: Bhatti Sabeen Hussain , Zakariya Ramsha , Vrontis Demetris , Santoro Gabriele , Christofi Michael 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis article aims to explore the relationship among high performance work systems (HPWS), innovation, and knowledge sharing in project-based organizations.Design/methodology/approachUsing the ability, motivation, and opportunity (AMO) framework under the theory of HPWS, our article hypothesizes that the AMO enhancing practices of project-based organizations lead to better innovation performance of their employees through the mediating role of knowledge sharing. Time-lagged data of AMO practices and knowledge sharing practices were collected from the employees of these organizations over three weeks. Furthermore, the innovation performance data were collected from the supervisors of these employees over an additional three-week period.FindingsOur results confirm the initial hypothesis of the causal relationship of two of the AMO HRM practices, that is, ability and motivation with innovation performance with the mediation of knowledge sharing, while the third hypothesis of opportunity enhancing HRM practice was not accepted.Originality/valueThis research has implications for both theory and practice and it can help the project managers of these organizations to better design HRM practices in order to improve the creativity and innovation performance of their employees. Accordingly, this is one of the first studies dealing with the effectiveness of HRM on AMO, and the key role of knowledge sharing.
Climate change impacts on cereal crops production in Pakistan
Authors: Ahsan Faiza , Chandio Abbas Ali , Fang Wang 
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the effects of CO2emissions, energy consumption, cultivated area and the labour force on the production of cereal crops in Pakistan from the period 1971-2014.Design/methodology/approachThe study used the Johansen cointegration test, the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach and Granger causality test to estimate the long-run cointegration and direction of the relationship between the dependent and independent variables.FindingsThe outcomes of the Johansen cointegration test confirmed the existence of a long-term cointegrating relationship between the production of cereal crops, CO2emissions, energy consumption, cultivated area and the labour force. The results of the long-run coefficients of CO2emissions, energy consumption, cultivated area and labour force have a positive impact on cereal crops production. The long-run relationships reveal that a 1 per cent increase in CO2emissions, energy consumption, cultivated area and labour force will increase cereal crops production by 0.20, 0.11, 0.56 and 0.74 per cent, respectively. Moreover, the findings show that there is a bidirectional causality running from CO2emissions and cultivated area to cereal crops production. Moreover, there is a unidirectional causality running from energy consumption to cereal crops production.Originality/valueThe present study also fills the literature gap for applying the ARDL procedure to examine this relevant issue for Pakistan.
The association among employees' communication skills, image formation and tourist behaviour: perceptions of hospitality management students in Jordan
Authors: Masa'deh Ra'ed , Alananzeh Omar , Jawabreh Omar , Alhalabi Rashed , Syam Hassan , Keswani Faisal 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
This study aims to quantify the associations among employee’s communication skills (language ability, body language and personal appearance), restaurant image and tourist behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey instrument is used to examine the relationships in the proposed model by using structural equation modelling (SEM) technique. The collected primary data (n = 153) are analysed to test the relationship between exogenous and endogenous constructs expressed in the proposed structural model.

Findings
The results revealed that language ability, body language and personal appearance impacted restaurant image, which, in turn, affected tourist behaviour.

Practical implications
This study will contribute a better understanding towards employee’s communication skills in Aqaba city resorts and restaurants.

Originality/value
This study is considered the first in the region that links the tourist image of a restaurant with its employee’s skills and its impact on tourists’ behaviour.
Prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors: a case study of Kurdistan province
Authors: Ghaderi Ebrahim , Hassanzadeh Kambiz , Rahmani Khaled , Moradi Ghobad , Esmailnasab Nader , Roshani Daem , Azadnia Arian 
Published: February 2020

Purpose
Health is one of the most basic human rights. Self-medication not only results in many risks, complications and mortalities but also remains a massive economic burden on governments’ pharmaceutical budgets, insurance companies and the general population. The importance of self-medication as one of the worldwide health problems, this paper aims to investigate the extent of this problem and related factors in Sanandaj, Iran in 2018.

Design/methodology/approach
This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on 838 people who referred to pharmacies in Sanandaj, Iran in 2018. The subjects were selected in 10 pharmacies, 84 in each, randomly. A self-constructed questionnaire was used to collect information about demographic features, prevalence and reasons for self-medication. The data was analyzed statistically by SPSS software.

Findings
The results show a high prevalence of self-medication, 73.70 per cent among people who referred to the pharmacies in Sanandaj during 2018. There was a significant correlation between self-medication and occupation, education level, age groups, chronic disease, smoking or reasons to refer to pharmacies (p < 0.05). Analgesics, antibiotics; non-steroid anti-inflammatory, cold and gastrointestinal medicines were the most commonly used medicines by the subjects. People with headache, cold, infection, stomach pain, toothache and dysmenorrhea were more likely to act self-medication than people with other complaints. Among people who do self-medication, (85.60 per cent) had already experienced satisfactory results after using medicines. Mild symptoms of the disease (74.11 per cent), availability of medicines (72.98 per cent) and easy access to medicine supplies in pharmacies (71.35 per cent) are other reasons for self-medication.

Research limitations/implications
In general, the study had some limitations. One of the limitations was related to the research period i.e. spring and summer. So, it is suggested to conduct studies in other seasons, too. Furthermore, as the time of self-medication was the past three months, there was a probability of recall bias.

Originality/value
The prevalence of self-medication in Sanandaj is high and alarming, implementing educational programs about this issue is extremely required. Health policymakers should take all necessary steps to tackle self-medication efficiently.