bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Authoritarian–benevolent Leadership and its Effect on Graduate Student Creativity: The Mediating Role of Intrinsic Motivation
Authors: Xia Zhichen , Yang Fan , Xu Qingyu 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDespite numerous studies demonstrating that authoritarian leadership and benevolent leadership exert incompatible influence on an individual’s creativity, the combined effects of authoritarian leadership and benevolent leadership on an individual’s creativity and the related mechanisms have yet to be explained. This study tests a model that considers the combined effects of authoritarian and benevolent leadership on graduate student creativity in the universities in China, while also examining the mediating role of the intrinsic motivation of graduate students. Multisource data were collected from 297 graduate students in 60 university scientific research teams in China. The results show that when authoritarian leadership and benevolent leadership are in congruence, the intrinsic motivation of graduate students and their creativity increase as supervisor authoritarianism and benevolence increases. When authoritarian leadership and benevolent leadership are in discrepancy, the intrinsic motivation of graduate students is higher when low supervisor authoritarianism is combined with high benevolence; however, the findings also show that low authoritarian leadership combined with high benevolent leadership would not increase graduate student creativity. The relationship between authoritarian–benevolent leadership and graduate student creativity is partially mediated by intrinsic motivation. The theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
Impact of metabolic syndrome on functional outcomes and complications of surgical treatment of prostate cancer
Authors: Morlacco Alessandro , Dal Moro Fabrizio , Rangel Laureano J. , Carlson Rachel E. , Soligo Matteo , Karnes Robert Jeffrey 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) has a negative impact on functional recovery and complications after many surgical procedures.AimTo assess the role of Mets on functional outcomes and complications after radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer.Patients and MethodsComplete data were collected from 5758 patients, undergoing RP at a single referral centers in a 10‐year period and the presence of MetS before surgery was ascertained in 17.7% of them using a modified version of the IDF‐AHA/NHLBI criteria. Outcomes included 1‐year continence and potency rates, early (≤90 days) and late (>90 days) complications.ResultsPostoperative continence (no pads) was significantly less likely in MetS patients (75.4% vs 82.6%, P < .01), despite no difference in preoperative continence. Erections with or without therapy were reached in 55.8% of non‐MetS and 41.8% of MetS patients (P < .01), in this case a significant difference in preoperative function was seen. No differences in early and late complications, except for wound infections (5.8% vs 3.9%, P < .01) were observed.ConclusionsIn the present study RP was safe from the complications standpoint in MetS patients, but the presence of the syndrome was a significant risk factor for post‐RP incontinence and impotence.
Mechanotechnical faults and particular issues of anastomotic complications following robot‐assisted anterior resection in 968 rectal cancer patients
Authors: Kim Jin C. , Lee Jong L. , Kim Chan W. , Lim Seok‐Byung , Alsaleem Hassan A. , Park Seong H. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundAs most risk factors for anastomotic complications (AC) in rectal cancer patients appear to be noncorrectable, it is needed to find the correctable causes. Additionally, the outcomes of indocyanine‐green fluorescence imaging (IFI) and robot‐stapled anastomosis have yet been undetermined.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed 968 consecutive patients with rectal cancer, who underwent curative robot‐assisted anterior resections between 2010 and 2018. IFI parameters and stapling features in the surgical records were reviewed, and reconfirmed.ResultsAC occurred in 54 patients (5.6%), 34 (3.5%) with anastomotic leakage (AL) and 24 (2.5%) with anastomotic stenosis (AS). Mechanotechnical faults including defective stapling configurations, including angles lesser than or equal to 150° and outer deviation (more than half from the center of the circle) of linear staples, between the two linear staples were independently associated with AL (P < .001 each). IFI significantly reduced AL rate (2.5% vs 5.3%, P = .029) and AS rate (2% vs 18.8%, P = .006), respectively. Robot linear stapling enabled to maintain the obtuse angle during consecutive staplings and reduced console time. AL and AS were independent risk factors for disease‐free survival (P = .02) and local recurrence (P = .03), respectively.ConclusionsAC were associated with some correctable causes, namely, mechanotechnical errors and lack of use of IFI.
A question of confidence. Is tourism as vulnerable to civil unrest as we think? A comparative analysis of the impact of Arab Spring on total reserves and tourism receipts
Authors: Morakabati Yeganeh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper uses monthly data to compare how international tourism receipts and the overall economy responded to the Arab Spring total reserves were used as an indicator of the overall economy because they reflect confidence in the economy through such factors as foreign direct investment and the effects of capital flight. To examine the response, interrupted time series was employed, using the outbreak of Arab Spring as the key interruption. To separate the impact of Arab Spring from other events, two treated and two untreated cases were selected. The results show that tourist spending recovered faster than the overall economy.
Outcomes and prognostic factors in parotid gland malignancies: A 10‐year single center experience
Authors: Parikh Anuraag S. , Khawaja Ayaz , Puram Sidharth V. , Srikanth Priya , Tjoa Tjoson , Lee Hang , Sethi Rosh K. V. , Bulbul Mustafa , Varvares Mark A. , Rocco James W. , Emerick Kevin S. , Deschler Daniel G. , Lin Derrick T. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo describe a 10‐year single center experience with parotid gland malignancies and to determine factors affecting outcomes.Study DesignRetrospective review.MethodsThe institutional cancer registry was used to identify patients treated surgically for malignancies of the parotid gland between January 2005 and December 2014. Clinical and pathologic data were collected retrospectively from patient charts and analyzed for their association with overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS).ResultsTwo hundred patients were identified. Mean age at surgery was 57.8 years, and mean follow‐up time was 52 months. One hundred two patients underwent total parotidectomy, while 77 underwent superficial parotidectomy, and 21 underwent deep lobe resection. Seventy patients (35%) required facial nerve (FN) sacrifice. Acinic cell carcinoma was the most common histologic type (22%), followed by mucoepidermoid carcinoma (21.5%) and adenoid cystic carcinoma (12.5%). Twenty‐nine patients (14.5%) experienced recurrences, with mean time to recurrence of 23.6 months (range: 1‐82 months). Five‐ and 10‐year OS were 81% and 73%, respectively. Five‐ and 10‐year DFS were 80% and 73%, respectively. In univariate analyses, age > 60, histologic type, positive margins, high grade, T‐stage, node positivity, perineural invasion, and FN involvement were predictors of OS and DFS. In the multivariate analysis, histology, positive margins, node positivity, and FN involvement were independent predictors of OS and DFS.ConclusionsOur single‐center experience of 200 patients suggests that histology, positive margins, node positivity, and FN involvement are independently associated with outcomes in parotid malignancies.Level of Evidence4
Intracochlear fibrosis and the foreign body response to cochlear implant biomaterials
Authors: Foggia Megan J. , Quevedo Rene Vielman , Hansen Marlan R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo report current knowledge on the topic of intracochlear fibrosis and the foreign body response following cochlear implantation (CI).MethodsA literature search was performed in PubMed to identify peer‐reviewed articles. Search components included “cochlear implant,” “Foreign body response (FBR),” and “fibrosis.” Original studies and review articles relevant to the topic were included.ResultsNinety peer‐reviewed articles describing the foreign body response or intracochlear fibrosis following CI were included.ConclusionsIntracochlear fibrosis following CI represents a significant limiting factor for the success of CI users. Several strategies have been employed to mitigate the foreign body response within the cochlea including drug delivery systems and modifications in surgical technique and electrode design. A better understanding of the FBR has the potential to improve CI outcomes and the next generation of cochlear prostheses.
Matching Magnetic Heating and Thermal Actuation for Sequential Coupling in Hybrid Composites by Design
Authors: Razzaq Muhammad Yasar , Behl Marc , Heuchel Matthias , Lendlein Andreas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSequentially coupling two material functions requires matching the output from the first with the input of the second function. Here, magnetic heating controls thermal actuation of a hybrid composite in a challenging system environment causing an elevated level of heat loss. The concept is a hierarchical design consisting of an inner actuator of nanocomposite material, which can be remotely heated by exposure to an alternating magnetic field (AMF) and outer layers of a porous composite system with a closed pore morphology. These porous layers act as heat insulators and as barriers to the surrounding water. By exposure to the AMF, a local bulk temperature of 71 °C enables the magnetic actuation of the device, while the temperature of the surrounding water is kept below 50 °C. Interestingly, the heat loss during magnetic heating leads to an increase of the water phase (small volume) temperature. The temperature increase is able to sequentially trigger an adjacent thermal actuator attached to the actuator composite. In this way it could be demonstrated how the AMF is able to initiate two kinds of independent actuations, which might be interesting for robotics operating in aqueous environments.
Synthesis of Brush‐Like Glycopolymers with Monodisperse, Sequence‐Defined Side Chains and Their Interactions with Plant and Animal Lectins
Authors: Shamout Fadi , Monaco Alessandra , Yilmaz Gokhan , Becer Caglar Remzi , Hartmann Laura 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe synthesis of brush glycopolymers mimicking the architecture of proteoglycans is achieved by grafting sequence‐defined glycooligomers derived from solid‐phase polymer synthesis onto a poly(active ester) scaffold. This approach gives access to a first library of brush glycopolymers with controlled variations in the degree of branching and number of carbohydrate ligands per branch. When studying lectin binding of linear and brush glycopolymers to lectins Concanavalin A (ConA), dendritic cell‐specific intercellular adhesion molecule‐3‐grabbing non‐integrin (DC‐SIGN), and mannose‐binding lectin (MBL), different preferences are observed with MBL showing higher binding to linear glycopolymer and ConA and DC‐SIGN favoring brush glycopolymers. This finding suggests that the architecture of polymeric glycan mimetics affects binding to lectins not only in terms of creating higher avidity but potentially also selectivity ligands.
A possibility distribution‐based multicriteria decision algorithm for resilient supplier selection problems
Authors: Jiang Dizuo , Hasan Md. Mahmudul , Faiz Tasnim Ibn , Noor‐E‐Alam Md. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThus far, limited research has been performed on resilient supplier selection—a problem that requires simultaneous consideration of a set of numerical and linguistic evaluation criteria, which are substantially different from traditional supplier selection problem. Essentially, resilient supplier selection entails key sourcing decision for an organization to gain competitive advantage. In the presence of multiple conflicting evaluation criteria, contradicting decision makers, and imprecise decision‐relevant information (DRI), this problem becomes even more difficult to solve with the classical optimization approaches. Possibility distribution‐based multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) is a viable alternative approach for handling inherent uncertainty of imprecise DRI associated with the evaluation offered by a group of contradicting decision makers. However, prior research focusing on MCDA‐based supplier selection problem has been lacking in the ability to provide a seamless integration of numerical and linguistic evaluation criteria along with the consideration of multiple decision makers. To address these challenges, we present a comprehensive decision‐making framework for ranking a set of suppliers from resiliency perspective. The proposed algorithm is capable of leveraging imprecise and aggregated DRI obtained from crisp numerical assessments and reliability adjusted linguistic appraisals from a group of decision makers. We adapt two popular tools—single‐valued neutrosophic sets (SVNS) and interval‐valued fuzzy sets (IVFS)—and for the first time, extend them to incorporate both crisp and linguistic evaluations in a group decision‐making platform to obtain aggregated SVNS and IVFS decision matrixes. This information is then used to rank the resilient suppliers by using technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution method. We present a case study to illustrate the mechanism of the proposed algorithm. A sensitivity analysis demonstrates the strength of the proposed algorithm to generate alternative ranking scheme with respect to the shifting priorities of evaluation criteria and shows the reliability of the decision‐making framework.
Wideband high‐gain SIW‐fed antenna array for mm‐Wave applications
Authors: Li Xiangxiang , Li Yeqiang , Li Zhe , Kong Qinglong , Wang Hailin , Lv Guoqiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA wideband high‐gain mm‐Wave antenna array operating in Ka‐band is reported. The antenna element consists of an antipodal Vivaldi antenna (AVA) with plated through vias on the edges of the radiating arms, which is utilized to eliminate the harmful gap resonance due to the electrically discontinuity. A modified wideband 8‐way substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) power divider is proposed to feed the linear array. In addition, in order to enhance antenna gain, a stacked dielectric superstrate is employed, which achieves 2.3 dBi average gain improvement over 25‐40 GHz. The proposed structure provides superior bandwidth of 25.4‐40 GHz with S11 < −9.5 dB (corresponding to VSWR < 2). The modified SIW power divider, 1 × 8 AVA array and the dielectric superstrate are designed and fabricated, resulting in a wideband and high‐gain structure as compared to other SIW‐fed antennas. A prototype is experimentally verified. The measured results show that the impedance bandwidth ranges from 25.37 to 39.48 GHz (S11 < −9.6 dB, relative bandwidth of 43%). The measured gain varies from 15.5 to 18.5 dBi in the frequency range with an average gain of 16.6 dBi.
CArtesian sampling with Variable density and Adjustable temporal resolution (CAVA)
Authors: Rich Adam , Gregg Michael , Jin Ning , Liu Yingmin , Potter Lee , Simonetti Orlando , Ahmad Rizwan 
Published: November 2019

PurposeTo develop a variable density Cartesian sampling method that allows retrospective adjustment of temporal resolution for dynamic MRI applications and to validate it in real‐time phase contrast MRI (PC‐MRI).Theory and MethodsThe proposed method, called CArtesian sampling with Variable density and Adjustable temporal resolution (CAVA), begins by producing a sequence of phase encoding indices based on the golden ratio increment. Then, variable density is introduced by nonlinear stretching of the indices. Finally, the elements of the resulting sequence are rounded up to the nearest integer. The performance of CAVA is evaluated using PC‐MRI data from a pulsatile flow phantom and real‐time, free‐breathing data from ten healthy volunteers.ResultsCAVA enabled image recovery at various temporal resolutions that were selected retrospectively. For the pulsatile flow phantom, image quality and flow quantification accuracy from CAVA were comparable to that from another pseudo‐random sampling pattern with fixed temporal resolution. In addition, flow quantification results based on CAVA were in good agreement with a breath‐held segmented acquisition.ConclusionsBy allowing retrospective binning of the MRI data, CAVA provides an avenue to retrospectively adjust the temporal resolution of PC‐MRI.
Partial Fourier reconstruction for improved resolution in 3D hyperpolarized 13C EPI
Authors: Geraghty Benjamin J. , Lee Casey Y. , Chen Albert P. , Perks William J. , Soliman Hany , Cunningham Charles H. 
Published: November 2019

PurposeAsymmetric in‐plane k‐space sampling of EPI can reduce the minimum achievable TE in hyperpolarized with spectral‐spatial radio frequency pulses, thereby reducing weighting and signal‐losses. Partial Fourier image reconstruction exploits the approximate Hermitian symmetry of k‐space data and can be applied to asymmetric data sets to synthesize unmeasured data. Here we tested whether the application of partial Fourier image reconstruction would improve spatial resolution from hyperpolarized [1‐]pyruvate scans in the human brain.MethodsFifteen healthy control subjects were imaged using a volumetric dual‐echo echo‐planar imaging sequence with spectral‐spatial radio frequency excitation. Images were reconstructed by zero‐filling as well as with the partial Fourier reconstruction algorithm projection‐on‐convex‐sets. Resulting images were quantitatively evaluated with a no‐reference image quality assessment.ResultsThe no‐reference image sharpness metric agreed with perceived improvements in image resolution and contrast. The [1‐]lactate images benefitted most, followed by the [1‐]pyruvate images. The ‐bicarbonate images were improved by the smallest degree, likely owing to relatively lower SNR.ConclusionsPartial Fourier imaging and reconstruction were shown to improve the sharpness and contrast of human HP brain data and is a viable method for enhancing resolution.
Factors Impacting on Eating in Pediatric Intestinal‐Transplant Recipients: A Mixed‐Methods Study
Authors: Mancell Sara , Meyer Rosan , Hind Jonathan , Halter Mary 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundNo empirical data are found examining why eating may be difficult for some children and not others following intestinal transplant. This study aimed to describe the eating behaviors and nutrition intake of intestinal‐transplant–recipient children and examine factors that may impact on their eating.MethodsCaregivers of all (n = 34) intestinal‐transplant recipients <18 years of age in the United Kingdom were invited to participate in this mixed‐methods study comprising questionnaires, a 3‐day food diary and interviews. Questionnaires included the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire and demographic/nutrition‐related items. Analysis was by descriptive statistics using SPSS. Semistructured telephone interviews explored caregiver perceptions of their child's eating. Analysis was thematic.ResultsNine caregivers were recruited and completed the questionnaire and food diary. Eight of these were interviewed. Home tube feeding was required by 77% (n = 7) of children post transplant, 56% (n = 5) were “food avoidant”, and median energy intake was 93% (range, 61%–137%) of requirements. The findings revealed complex, interrelated positive and negative medical, caregiver, and child‐related influences on eating. Learning to eat at the recommended age and having positive and significant pretransplant eating experiences appeared protective, whereas receiving nothing by mouth and having aversive experiences were barriers.ConclusionThis study provides the first empirical evidence of factors that may influence eating after intestinal transplant in children. The findings suggest promoting eating pretransplant, when the negative physical consequences can be managed, may be protective, and there may be eating‐difficulty predictors that could be used to facilitate targeted interventions.
Role of multiheme cytochromes involved in extracellular anaerobic respiration in bacteria
Authors: Edwards Marcus J. , Richardson David J. , Paquete Catarina M. , Clarke Thomas A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHeme containing proteins are involved in a broad range of cellular functions, from oxygen sensing and transport to catalyzing oxidoreductive reactions. The two major types of cytochrome (b‐type and c‐type) only differ in their mechanism of heme attachment, but this has major implications for their cellular roles in both localization and mechanism. The b‐type cytochromes are commonly cytoplasmic, or are within the cytoplasmic membrane, while c‐type cytochromes are always found outside of the cytoplasm. The mechanism of heme attachment allows for complex c‐type multiheme complexes, having the capacity to hold multiple electrons, to be assembled. These are increasingly being identified as secreted into the extracellular environment. For organisms that respire using extracellular substrates, these large multiheme cytochromes allow for electron transfer networks from the cytoplasmic membrane to the cell exterior for the reduction of extracellular electron acceptors. In this review the structures and functions of these networks and the mechanisms by which electrons are transferred to extracellular substrates is described.
Structural and positional studies of the antimicrobial peptide brevinin‐1BYa in membrane‐mimetic environments
Authors: Timmons Patrick Brendan , O'Flynn Donal , Conlon J. Michael , Hewage Chandralal M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBrevinin‐1BYa (FLPILASLAAKFGPKLFCLVTKKC), first isolated from skin secretions of the foothill yellow‐legged frog Rana boylii, shows broad‐spectrum activity, being particularly effective against opportunistic yeast pathogens. The structure of brevinin‐1BYa was investigated in various solution and membrane‐mimicking environments by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) spectroscopy and molecular modelling. The peptide does not possess a secondary structure in aqueous solution. In a 33% 2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol (TFE‐d3)‐H2O solvent mixture, as well as in membrane‐mimicking sodium dodecyl sulfate and dodecylphosphocholine micelles, the peptide's structure is characterised by a flexible helix‐hinge‐helix motif, with the hinge located at the Gly13/Pro14 residues, and the two α‐helices extending from Pro3 to Phe12 and from Pro14 to Thr21. Positional studies involving the peptide in sodium dodecyl sulfate and dodecylphosphocholine micelles using 5‐doxyl‐labelled stearic acid and manganese chloride paramagnetic probes show that the peptide's helical segments lie parallel to the micellar surface, with the residues on the hydrophobic face of the amphipathic helices facing towards the micelle core and the hydrophilic residues pointing outwards, suggesting that the peptide exerts its biological activity by a non–pore‐forming mechanism.