bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mikronährstoffe in der Onkologie: Risiko und Nutzen
Authors: Mücke Ralph , Micke Oliver , Büntzel Jens , Adamietz Irenaeus A. , Fakhrian Khashayar 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrund Das Interesse sowohl von betreuenden Ärzten als auch Tumorpatienten an der zusätzlichen Einnahme von Mikronährstoffen während einer onkologischen Therapie mit unterschiedlichen Intentionen nimmt zu. Dieses Update liefert deshalb eine Standortbestimmung zum zusätzlichen Einsatz von ausgewählten Mikronährstoffen während der Tumortherapie.Methoden Es wurde eine Literaturrecherche hinsichtlich des Einsatzes von ausgewählten Mikronährstoffen in der Onkologie, die bis 2018 in zitierfähigen Journalen erschienen sind, durchgeführt.Ergebnisse Daten zu Mikronährstoffen, die sowohl hinsichtlich der Lebensqualität als auch der Prognose einen Nutzen für onkologische Patienten bringen, als auch Erkenntnisse zu Mikronährstoffen, die für die Patienten keinen Benefit haben oder sogar schaden, werden präsentiert. Die gute Datenlage hinsichtlich Vitamin D und Selen erlaubt hier die Empfehlung zur Supplementation nach Spiegelbestimmung im Serum.Schlussfolgerung Nicht nur vorrangig onkologisch tätige Ärzte, sondern auch alle Ärzte, die Tumorpatienten mitbetreuen, sollten Kenntnisse über die wichtigsten Mikronährstoffe haben, um diese an die Patienten weiterzugeben und sie auch gezielt zum Nutzen der Patienten einzusetzen.
Mikronährstoffe, Immunüberwachung und
Immunseneszenz
Authors: Stoll Günther 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungWie andere Organsysteme ist auch das komplexe und dezentrale Immunsystem dem
Alterungsprozess unterworfen. Dies zeigt sich teilweise auf Organebene
(z. B. Thymus-Involution) als auch auf zellulärer und
molekularer Ebene. Zu den Kennzeichen des Alterns zählt auch die
Verringerung an Stammzellen, die sich besonders im Immunsystem bemerkbar
macht. Durch die bereits bei der Verlängerung der Lebensspanne
erzielten Fortschritte wird das Immunsystem in höherem Alter umso
stärker belastet; dies begleitet die Entstehung altersassoziierter
Erkrankungen wie etwa Krebs. Allein schon ein Ausgleich von
Mikronährstoff-Defiziten kann eine Immunregeneration bewirken. Die
Rolle von Mikronährstoffen in der Immunabwehr von Infektionen und
der Bekämpfung von Krebserkrankungen wird besprochen und
v. a. die Rolle von Vitamin D, Zink und Selen diskutiert. Erste
Hinweise zeigen, dass in Zeiten einer Viruspandemie einer solchen
Unterstützung des Immunsystems von Patienten erhebliche Bedeutung
zukommt.
Magnetic Resonance Thrombus Imaging to Differentiate Acute from Chronic Portal Vein Thrombosis
Authors: van Dam Lisette F. , Klok Frederikus A. , Tushuizen Maarten E. , Ageno Walter , Darwish Murad Sarwa , van Haren Guido R. , Huisman Menno V. , Lauw Mandy N. , Iglesias del Sol Antonio , Wasser Martin N.J.M. , Willink Ysbrand , Kroft Lucia J.M. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction Timely diagnosis and treatment of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality. However, current imaging tests cannot always accurately differentiate acute from chronic (nonocclusive) PVT. Magnetic resonance noncontrast thrombus imaging (MR-NCTI) has been shown to accurately differentiate acute from chronic venous thrombosis at other locations and may also be of value in the diagnostic management of PVT. This study describes the first phase of the Rhea study (NTR 7061). Our aim was to select and optimize MR-NCTI sequences that would be accurate for differentiation of acute from chronic PVT.
Study Design The literature was searched for different MRI sequences for portal vein and acute thrombosis imaging. The most promising sequences were tested in a healthy volunteer followed by one patient with acute PVT and two patients with chronic PVT, all diagnosed on (repetitive) contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) venography to optimize the MR-NCTI sequences. All images were evaluated by an expert panel.
Results Several MR-NCTI sequences were identified and tested. Differentiation of acute from chronic PVT was achieved with 3D T1 TFE (three-dimensional T1 turbo field echo) and 3D T1 Dixon FFE (three-dimensional T1 fast field echo) sequences with best image quality. The expert panel was able to confirm the diagnosis of acute PVT on the combined two MR-NCTI sequences and to exclude acute PVT in the two patients with chronic PVT.
Conclusion Using 3D T1 TFE and 3D T1 Dixon FFE sequences, we were able to distinguish acute from chronic PVT. This clinical relevant finding will be elucidated in clinical studies to establish their test performance.
Transition to Adult Care in Youth with Epilepsy: One Center's Experience with a Transition Program and Its Integration within Telemedicine
Authors: Jones Gina L. , Hickam Teresa , Wellman Courtney , Modrcin Ann , Abdelmoity Ahmed , Le Pichon Jean-Baptiste 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNeurology patients often have disorders that require life-long care and ongoing treatment. The transition of pediatric neurology patients to adult neurology care, particularly in epilepsy, is an evolving concept that is recognized as important for patients and families. Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City has an established transition program that has been integrated into the neurology clinic as a part of standard care. Our experience and utilization of a transition program has provided our patients with a unique opportunity, empowering them to navigate their own care and create a seamless transition to adult neurology. Through a collaboration with the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Department of Health Resources and Services Administration, we have proposed a practice model designed to create a medical home for children and youth with epilepsy in rural underserved areas of Kansas. One of the core end points of this study is transition of care for youth with epilepsy using telemedicine. In this article, we describe our experience with a transition program for epilepsy patients and describe the very early implementation of this program to a telemedicine transition program designed for underserved rural populations.
Pneumomediastinum: A Rare Presentation of Inflicted Injuries in Infants
Authors: Bajinting Adam , Lee Adam , Lunneen Abby , Fitzpatrick Colleen M. , Villalona Gustavo A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractReports of incidental pneumomediastinum in infants secondary to inflicted trauma are limited. A retrospective review of infants with pneumomediastinum and history of inflicted trauma was performed. A comprehensive literature review was performed. Three infants presented with pneumomediastinum associated with inflicted trauma. Mean age was 4.6 weeks. All patients underwent diagnostic studies, as well as a standardized evaluation for nonaccidental trauma. All patients with pneumomediastinum were resolved at follow-up. Review of the literature identified other cases with similar presentations with related oropharyngeal injuries. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in previously healthy infants may be associated with inflicted injuries. Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of an oropharyngeal perforation related to this presentation.
Pharmacological Considerations When Transitioning the Care of Epilepsy Patients from Pediatric to Adult Epilepsy Centers
Authors: Guido-Estrada Natalie , Sattar Shifteh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThere is scarce evidence in review of the available literature to support a clear and superior model for the transition of care for epilepsy patients from pediatric to adult centers. Anecdotally, there is a common perception that families are reluctant to make this change and that the successful transition of care for epilepsy can be a challenge for patients, families, and physicians. As part of the effort to prepare the patient and family for the adult model of care, several treatment issues should be addressed. In this article, we discuss the specific challenges for physicians in transition of care for epilepsy patients from a pharmacological standpoint, which include differences in metabolism and pharmacodynamics that can impact tolerability or efficacy of antiepileptic medications, lifestyle changes affecting medication compliance and seizure control, acquired adult health conditions necessitating new medications that may result in adverse drug interactions, and adult neurologists' potential lack of familiarity with certain medications typically used in the pediatric epilepsy population. We offer this as a guide to avoid one of the many possible pitfalls when epilepsy patients transition to adult care.
Managing Transition of Care in Adolescent Females with Epilepsy
Authors: Katyal Roohi , Singhal Divya 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTransition of care from pediatric epilepsy clinics to adult health care is often a challenging process, especially due to limited availability of relevant guidelines. It carries even more significant implications in specific population subsets such as adolescent females, given a myriad of physiological as well as psychosocial changes seen in this age group. Women with epilepsy face distinct challenges because of hormonal variations on seizures (catamenial epilepsy). Furthermore, seizures and antiepileptic drugs impact menstruation, pregnancy, and lactation. These patients are at a higher risk for developing mental health problems, and a close follow-up with appropriate screening for psychiatric disorders is prudent.Several factors contributing to poor transition of care include limited availability of a multidisciplinary set-up and social-support services, delayed referral to specialist(s), and tendency for treatment nonadherence. In this review, we discuss the current scenario of transition of care in adolescent females with epilepsy and explore avenues for improvement based on our subspecialty clinic experiences. We illustrate the value of interdisciplinary care proactively involving neurologists/epileptologists, primary care physicians, obstetricians–gynecologists, and relevant social services and emphasize shared decision-making, effective contraceptive methods, preconceptual counseling, maintenance of bone-health, and enhanced quality of life.
Posttraumatic Carotid Cavernous Fistula–A Rare Case
Authors: Dahiya Amit , Dahiya Sumit , Kumar S Suresh , Rege Shrikant V , Jatav Gaurav , Chaitanya Krishna , Varma Sandeep 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCarotid cavernous fistula (CCF) is a specific type of dural arteriovenous (AV) fistula characterized by abnormal AV shunting within the cavernous sinus. The authors presented in this article a case of a 17-year-old young male patient who encountered a road traffic accident while driving a car, with a history of flipping of cars multiple times. The patient was unconscious with symmetrical bilateral (B/L) pupils and with Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score of 3. There was no history of seizures or vomiting.
Heterotrophic eukaryotes show a slow-fast continuum, not a gleaner–exploiter trade-off
Authors: Kiørboe Thomas , Thomas Mridul K. 
Published: September 2020

Significance
Organisms must allocate energy and resources to all basic life functions, and this leads to inescapable trade-offs. These trade-offs govern the species composition and functioning of ecosystems. We show that perhaps the most commonly assumed trade-off in ecology—between relative performance at low and high resource (food) levels—does not exist. Instead, species that do better at low resource levels also do better at high resource levels. Models predicting how communities respond to environmental change will need to be reevaluated in light of this. Our results also imply that the most important trade-off in nature is probably that between the ability to grow fast and to survive the threat of predation.
Longin R-SNARE is retrieved from the plasma membrane by ANTH domain-containing proteins inArabidopsis
Authors: Fujimoto Masaru , Ebine Kazuo , Nishimura Kohji , Tsutsumi Nobuhiro , Ueda Takashi 
Published: September 2020

SignificanceThe plasma membrane (PM) acts as the interface between intra- and extracellular environments and is thus important for intercellular communication and extracellular signal perception. The composition and amounts of PM proteins are tightly regulated, by molecular mechanisms that remain largely unknown in plant cells. We identified a pair of ANTH domain-containing proteins functioning as adaptors for the retrieval of VAMP72 members, which are components of the membrane fusion machinery, during clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Our results further indicate that the recycling mechanisms of homologous VAMP7 proteins are different in plants and animals, suggesting a divergence of the endocytosis mechanism between these two kingdoms.
Review of polymorphous Ga2O3materials and their solar-blind photodetector applications
Authors: Hou Xiaohu , Zou Yanni , Ding Mengfan , Qin Yuan , Zhang Zhongfang , Ma Xiaolan , Tan Pengju , Yu Shunjie , Zhou Xuanzhe , Zhao Xiaolong , Xu Guangwei , Sun Haiding , Long Shibing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLight detection in the deep-ultraviolet (DUV) solar-blind waveband has attracted interest due to its critical applications, especially in safety and space detection. A DUV photodetector based on wide-bandgap semiconductors provides a subversive scheme to simplify the currently mature DUV detection system. As an ultra-wide-bandgap (4.4–5.3 eV) semiconductor directly corresponding to the DUV solar-blind waveband, Ga2O3has an important strategic position in the prospective layout of semiconductor technology owing to its intrinsic characteristics of high breakdown electric field, excellent tolerance of high/low temperature, high resistance to radiation, and rich material systems. As the only native substrate that can be fabricated from melt-grown bulk single crystals,β-Ga2O3has attracted a lot of attention both in power-electronic and photo-electronic devices. In addition, other metastable phases (e.g.α, ϵ, γ) of Ga2O3have attracted great interest due to their unique properties. In this work, we discuss the advances in achieving bulk and film Ga2O3materials with different crystal phases. In addition, the latest achievements with polymorphous Ga2O3-based solar-blind photodetectors (SBPDs) and the methods to enhance their performance, including doping, annealing, and transparent electrodes, are also discussed. Furthermore, as the most desirable application, DUV imaging technologies based on Ga2O3SBPDs are systematically summarized. Finally, conclusions regarding recent advances in Ga2O3SBPDs, remaining challenges, and prospects are presented and discussed.
Design and simulation of a wideband, wide-angle and polarization-insensitive microwave absorber based on pattern optimization of resistive films
Authors: Ghadimi Ali , Nayyeri Vahid , Khanjarian Mostafa , Soleimani Mohammad , Ramahi Omar M 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
A wideband, thin, and multilayer (planar) microwave absorber is designed in this paper. The absorber is a periodic array of cells which includes three patterns of resistive film on two dielectric substrates. To design the array’s cell, a pattern optimization procedure based on the application of a binary optimization algorithm was utilized. The outcome of this procedure is a pixelated pattern of resistive film yielding the maximum possible absorption bandwidth (BW) and a high insensitivity to the polarization of the incident wave. Our pattern-optimized design achieved a 90%-absorption rate over a wide frequency BW of 1.6 to 23.7 GHz (175% fractional BW) under normal incidence. Moreover, the absorber operates over a wide range of incidence angles for obliquely incident waves.
First-principles analysis of magnetically doped transition-metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Pan Minghao , Mullen Jeffrey T , Wook Kim Ki 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The electronic and magnetic properties of magnetically doped transition-metal dichalcogenides are examined via first-principles calculations. With the confinement of wavefunctions in the two-dimensional space, substitutional doping of transition-metal elements can induce magnetism and spin splitting at band edges through the exchange interaction. Specifically, MX2 monolayers with M = (Mo, W) and X = (S, Se, Te) are explored for a range of dopants such as Fe, Mn, Co, Zn, Cd, V, Cu, and Sc. Among those studied, the results show that Fe and Mn may be promising candidates with large local magnetic moments. The exchange interaction in these two cases also appears to be Kondo-like. In addition, V and Sc are identified as the p-dopants for carrier-mediated magnetism despite their small magnetic moments. The effective exchange constants in Fe-doped and Mn-doped systems are deduced from the first-principles results and may be useful in the diluted systems, where the direct calculation is challenging.
Flexible, heat-resistant photodetector based on MoS2 nanosheets thin film on transparent muscovite mica substrate
Authors: Bao Yunxia , Han Jianfu , Li Hongxing , Huang Kai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Muscovite mica, a natural layered material with excellent flexibility and super flat surface, which can be well integrated into flexible optoelectronic devices. In addition to its ability to withstand higher temperatures than conventional flexible substrates, its natural high surface energy and hydrophilicity give muscovite mica a good adsorption capacity for two-dimensional materials. Here, we combined mica substrate with a thin film of MoS2 nanosheets floating on the water surface to produce a flexible, heat-resistant photodetector. The device exhibits excellent response stability, superior flexibility and fast response time (976 ms of rise time and 161 ms of decay time). Moreover, the responsivity of 8.45 μA∙W−1 and the detectivity of 4.1 × 107 Jones are realized respectively. After 500 bending cycles, the photodetector still possesses the ability to output the photocurrent signal continuously and stably. What’s more, the devices have a consistent performance after 300 °C bake, showing excellent stability and fast response. This work shows great potential for flexible photodetectors and contributed to the development of flexible optoelectronic devices from the room-temperature to heat-resistance practical applications.
Wurtzite InP microdisks: from epitaxy to room-temperature lasing
Authors: Staudinger Philipp , Mauthe Svenja , Triviño Noelia Vico , Reidt Steffen , Moselund Kirsten E , Schmid Heinz 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Metastable wurtzite crystal phases of conventional semiconductors comprise enormous potential for high-performance electro-optical devices, owed to their extended tunable direct band gap range. However, synthesizing these materials in good quality and beyond nanowire size constraints has remained elusive. In this work, the epitaxy of wurtzite InP microdisks and related geometries on insulator for advanced optical applications is explored. This is achieved by an elaborate combination of selective area growth of fins and a zipper-induced epitaxial lateral overgrowth, which enables co-integration of diversely shaped crystals at precise position. The grown material possesses high phase purity and excellent optical quality characterized by STEM and µ-PL. Optically pumped lasing at room temperature is achieved in microdisks with a lasing threshold of 365 µJ cm−2. Our platform could provide novel geometries for photonic applications.
A simulation-based analysis of photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectors with a new TRNSYS type model
Authors: Emmi G , Bordignon S , Zarrella A , Vivian J , Croci L , Besagni G 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Nowadays buildings are responsible of 36% of CO2 emissions and space heating and cooling alone accounts for 40% of the final energy consumption at European level. In this context, solar-assisted systems represent an important solution to support the decarbonisation pathways in residential sector. In this work, a novel lumped parameter simulation model for photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectors developed by Authors as a type of Transient System Simulation (TRNSYS) software is used to carry out computer simulations in different climatic conditions. The model is based on the electrical analogy method to solve the transient heat transfer problem and considers the effect of the thermal capacitances of the elements composing the photovoltaic thermal collector. The simulation tool was also validated with the experimental data in terms of both electrical and thermal power. In this work, a simulation-based analysis is carried out considering three climatic zones in order to evaluate the thermal performance of photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectors under different operating conditions.
Cross-Domain Tibetan Word Segmentation Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Zhuoma Cuo , Cai Rangjia , San Zhijia , Guan Quezhuoma , Zhuo Mazhaxi 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Tibetan word segmentation is the primary task of various types of Tibetan natural language processing. However, when the test corpus and the training corpus are inconsistent, the accuracy of word segmentation will drop significantly. Therefore, in this paper firstly we build a BiLSTM-CRF Tibetan word segmentation model based on deep learning that includes dictionary features, and train the model parameters on the open domain word segmentation data. Then, taking the Tibetan medical clinical text as a small-scale word segmentation training corpus, and fine-tuning the parameters of the BiLSTM-CRF word segmentation model of the open domain corpus, and adding the domain vocabulary to the dictionary features of the model. So that the precision, recall rate and F value of the word segmentation model on the test data reached 93.21%, 92.10%, and 94.37% respectively.
Iterative Learning Control for a Class of Partial State Measurable Systems
Authors: Wang Xidan , Xu Kaina , Yan Qiuzhen , Cai Jianping , Yang Zhi , Bao Zhiyan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the tracking problem for a class of nonparametric systems is discussed, in which only partial system state can be measurable. After implementing reasonable coordinate transformations, an adaptive iterative learning control scheme is developed with the partial measurable system state information used. Iterative learning control and Robust control are together used to deal with non-parametric uncertainties under alignment condition. As the iteration number increases, the system output can follow the desired trajectory over the full period, and all signal are guaranteed to be bounded. A simulation example is given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed iterative learning control scheme.
A Sound-Image Coding Method Inspired by an Acousto-Optic Electronic Piano
Authors: Liu Qi , Qu Shaocheng 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper firstly brings up a point that there seems to be a lack of a direct mapping bridge method for interconversion between sound and image, because many methods invented for scientific research on sound visualization are based on the sound characteristics of pitch, duration, loudness and timbre. Secondly, it designs an acousto-optic electronic piano which can possess both sound and color effects with the application of music visualization, and presents a sound-image coding method inspired by the previous design which can transform music note to picture pixel. Thirdly, it manages to transform a simple piece of music called “I am a painting master” into a corresponding picture with the mapping bridge method using Matlab software. More coding bits of the method should be added for complex music. The sound-image coding method exhibits a mapping bridge role for sound-image interactive design, which may help to find essential relationship between music and picture in mentality.