bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long non coding RNA CCAT2 enhances proliferation, invasion and drug-resistances of non-small lung cancer via activating the miR-204-3p-suppresed IGFBP2/AKT/Bcl2 pathway
Authors: Wang Zheng , Yang Rongjie , Liu Yu , Huang Yanfeng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

The treatment efficacy remains unsatisfactory due to the rapid progress, high rate of metastasis, and drug-resistance of NSCLS. It has been demonstrated that aberrant expression of long non coding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 2 (CCAT2) in cells was closely related to tumorigenesis, tumor metastasis, and development of drug-resistance. The present study was aimed to thoroughly investigate the effect of CCAT2 in the growth of NSCLC and the underlying mechanisms, so that provide valuable theoretical basis for efficient treatment of NSCLC.
Methods

The expressions of CCAT2 and its target genes and downstream signals were respectively determined by Western-blot assay and RT-qPCR experiment. Cell growth of NSCLC cells was investigated using the CCK-8 kit while the proliferation assay was performed with the help of EDU staining. The NSCLC-bearing mice mode was established to evaluate the effect of PYCR1 on the progress of NSCLC and the underlying mechanisms in vivo.
Results

The CCAT2 was highly expressed in NSCLC tumor tissues and cells while not the corresponding normal ones. Further studies revealed that aberrant expression of CCAT2 in lung cancer signally contributed to proliferation, invasion, and migration of cancer cells and the progress of tumor tissues. Moreover, high level of CCAT2 dramatically down-regulated the cytotoxicity of cisplatin (DDP) to NSCLC cells and tissues by upregulation of the drug-resistance related proteins. Mechanisms studies displayed that upregulation of CCAT2 markedly decreased the miR-204-3p while contrary result was obtained when down-regulated the CCAT2 level. We further demonstrated that down-regulation of miR-204-3p level signally enhanced the activity of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway.
Conclusions

The CCAT2 promoted the progress and drug-resistance of NSCLC thorough activation of the miR-204-3p suppressed IGFBP2/AKT/Bcl2 pathway, and may provide theoretical basis for improvement of therapy of NSCLC.
High Resolution Computed Tomography Finding in 552 Patients with Symptomatic COVID-19: First Report from North of Iran
Authors: Majidi Hadi , Bani-Mostafavi Elham-Sadat , Mardanshahi Zahra , Godazandeh Farnaz , Gasemian Roya , Heydari Keyvan , Alizadeh-Navaei Reza 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Due to the emergence of the new Coronavirus-2019 and the lack of sufficient information about infected patients, this study was conducted to investigate the Chest High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) findings of patients infected with the new Coronavirus 2019.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on COVID-19 patients referred to Medical Imaging Centers of Sari, Mazandaran, Iran, on March 2020 for Computed Tomography Scan (CT-Scan). Symptomatic patients were referred to the Medical Imaging Center for diagnosis confirmation through CT-scan. In addition to age and sex, HRCT findings were collected from the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) for further evaluations.Results: Out of 552 patients with mean age of 14.8 ± 51.2 years, the male/female ratio was 1.38 to 1. The most common expressive findings in patients were ground-glass opacity (GGO) (87.3%), peripheral distribution (82.4%) and posterior distribution (81.5%). The most conflicting findings in patients were pleural effusion (7.6%), peribronchovascular distribution (7.6%), and lymphadenopathy (5.1%). The peripheral distribution (p = 0.034), round opacities (p = 0.02), single lobe (p = 0.003) and pleural effusion (p = 0.037) were significantly in people under and over 50 years of age.Conclusion: In summary, the present study indicated that in addition to GGO, peripheral distribution findings could be a vital diagnostic choice in COVID-19 patients.
Geographical inequalities and determinants of stunting among under-five children in Ethiopia, 2016 EDHS, General Estimating Equation Model
Authors: Demlie Yeshambel Worku , Yenit Melaku Kindie , Akalu Temesgen Yihunie 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Globally, more than 165 million children were stunted. However, the distribution of stunting across the globe was not clearly known. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing spatial distribution and determinants of stunting among under-five children in Ethiopia.Methods Ethiopian demography and health survey 2016 data set was used. A two stage stratified cluster sampling technique was used to include 8,855 under-five children. ArcGIS10.1 was used to visualize the distribution of stunting in Ethiopia. Getis-Ord statistics was used to identify whether the distribution of cases is randomly distributed, clustered, or dispersed. Getis-Ord statistics was used to identify hot spot and low spot areas. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to identify determinants. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to measure the strength of the association.Results In the study the overall prevalence of stunting was 38.4% (37.4%-39.4%). Significantly primary clusters were found in Amhara, Southern Tigray, and Western Afar. Secondary clusters were found in Tigray, Afar, Benishangul, South-Eastern SNNPR and South-Western Oromia. Factors of a child lived in a region of Tigray [AOR = 2.3(CI = 1.53-3.46)], Afar [1.9(1.21-2.86)], Amhara (AOR=2.85, 95%CI: (1.9-4.29)), Oromia (AOR=1.71, 95% CI: (1.13-2.46)), Benishangul (AOR=2.61, 95% CI: (1.72-3.95)), SNNPR (AOR=2.04, 95% CI: (1.36-3.06)), Harari (AOR=1.63, 95% CI:(1.03-2.57)) and Dire-Dawa (AOR=2.25, 95% CI: (1.44-3.51)), HHs had television and/or radio (AOR= 1.61, 95% CI: (1.12-2.82)), poor wealth index (AOR=1.4, 95% CI: (1.2-1.6)), stunted mother (AOR=1.9, 95% CI: (1.62-2.14)), under-weight mothers (AOR=1.2, 95% CI: (1.03-1.32)), anemic mother (AOR=1.32, 95% CI (1.1-1.62)), child being male (AOR=1.2, 95% CI: (1.19-1.32)), age of child (AOR=1.25, 95% CI: (1.19-1.39)), mothers delivered at home (AOR=1.16, 95% CI: (1.04-1.33)), low birth weight of child (AOR=1.5, 95% CI (1.29-1.65)) and anemic child (AOR=1.6, 95% CI (1.43-1.79)) were significantly associated risk factors.Conclusions In Ethiopia the distribution of stunting was not randomly distributed and varies across regions. Region, wealth index, maternal, and child factors were independent predictors of stunting. Federal ministry of health with other concerned body need to prioritize hotspot areas to address contributing factors of stunting among under-five children.
Impact Of Dynamic Capacities On Enterprise Performance: Case Studies Of Food Enterprises And Beverage Enterprises In Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Lin Zhou Lu , Ayegba James Onuche , Onu Emmanuel , James Peace Maina , Jie Zhang Xin 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This study examined the impact of dynamic capacities on enterprise performance using some selected food and beverages enterprises in Lagos, Nigeria. In the study, dynamic capacity was captured with respect to strategic decision-making capacity, product innovation capacity, strategic flexibility, competitive intensity, technological turbulence, and technological capability. The performance of enterprise will be captured with sales growth, enterprise survival, enterprise efficiency and competitive advantage. The dynamic capacity for enterprise performance is estimated by adopting PLS-SEM method. SEM model is calibrated by using the Lisrel 8.70. The study found that the dynamic capacity of product innovation is the only variable that can sufficiently enhance increasing sales growth. Dynamic capacities of Competitive intensity and Technological turbulence are the only variable that can sufficiently enhance the survival of enterprise or sustain the enterprise into the unforeseeable future. Dynamic capacities of Technological capability and Competitive intensity are the only variable that could enhance the efficiency of enterprise. Finally, dynamic capacity of Strategic flexibility is the only variable that could sufficiently enhance competitive advantage of enterprise over other enterprises. This research contribute to knowledge by focusing on the impact of dynamic capacity on enterprise performance using some selected food and beverages enterprises in Lagos, Nigeria particularly the manufacturing enterprises in this trying period that is evidenced with technological change, competition, among others.
Molecular docking studies on SARS – Protease extracted from Wuhan COVID_19 strain by antiviral drugs
Authors: Kumar Shivam , Kumar Aman 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background:SARS - COVID 19 is a respiratory diseases in humans which is caused by the SARS – Coronavirus the treatment of coronavirus diseases– 19 has been continuously evolving and so far there has not been any Conesus treatment on an optimal level hasn’t been evolved.Motivation for this research:The mainstream therapeutical involve broad spectrum antibiotic and antiviral drug that are already present are being used to treat the Pneumonia symptoms and effects and other drug called Hydroxychloro quinine is being used for fever symptoms and to prevent the binding of viral receptors to SARS – Protease enzyme present on COVID viral family to prevent further spread of viral symptoms and effect but this drug have side effect too like damaged liver, so in this research the aim is to test three mainstream antiviral drugs in molecular docking using first RASMOL to do the molecular study and then using USCF CHIMERA software to do the molecular modeling and to determine the best suited analog with very low binding energy to provide best results.Also for treatment supportive immunity and core protein – ligand interaction plays very important part to determine structural based drug designing and simulation, in this present research three antiviral drugs namely Ganciclovir and SALBUTOMOL and their analog are being used and to study to determine least energy values which can predict the best suited drug for the treatment of effects and symptoms.Several modifications were made to make drug compatible for simulation like addition of hydrogen, decreasing steric tension and addition of charges to non stranded groups modifications were made to Phenylic, Ketonic in case of Ganciclovir and Carboxyl group deletion in SALBUTOMOL and in USCF CHIMERA software.Goals to be achieved:Main objective of this research is to identify potential chemical compounds that can be docked in protease side chain of COVID 2 RNA genome which may act asa potential drug for clinical trial or possible treatment, two drugs SALBUTAMOL and GANCICLOVIR were docked .Analogs were prepared by CHIMERA software and Protease from chain A of Corona RNA was selected for docking site in that stranded part and backbone was removed and just non stranded outer amino acid group were selected as active docking site for binding affinity.Also in this research provides chances of further exploration was also provided for further exploration and observation based on drug binding affinity and energy values.
Hemisensory paresthesia as the initial symptom of a SARS-Coronavirus-2 infection. A Case report.
Authors: Herrnberger Myriam , Durmazel Nadine , Birklein Frank 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Neurological symptoms might be associated with a Covid-19 infection. There are frequent reports in the last weeks. The neurological symptoms range from harmless side effects of a viral infection to meningoencephalitis and acute haemorrhagic necrotizing encephalopathy.Our patient reported burning headache and paresthesia as the initial symptoms mainly without other signs of viral infection like cough or fever. Such an initial neurological presentation seems to be rare. Most cases have neurological symptoms which can be expected after severe systemic viral infections like fever associated headache. Many COVID-19 patients with mild disease are at home and the further course is unknown. Our case shows, that neurological symptoms can be the first manifestation of an COVID-19 disease. While restricted paraesthesia has been reported in SARS-CoV-2 infections, hemisymptoms have not been described as initial symptoms.
A comparison of COVID-19 and imaging radiation risk in clinical patient populations
Authors: Ria Francesco , Fu Wanyi , Chalian Hamid , Abadi Ehsan , Segars Paul W. , Fricks Rafael , Khoshpouri Pegah , Samei Ehsan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective. The outbreak of coronavirus SARS-COV2 disease 2019 (COVID-19) necessitates fast and accurate diagnostic tools. RT-PCR has been identified as gold standard test with Chest-CT and Chest-Radiography showing promising results as well. However, several institutions are discouraging the use of radiological procedures for COVID-19 diagnosis, partly due to radiation risk. This study aimed to provide quantitative data towards an effective risk-to-benefit analysis for the justification of radiological studies in COVID-19 diagnosis to guide policy and decision makers.Methods. The analysis was performed in terms of mortality rate per age group. COVID-19 mortality was extracted from epidemiological data across 159,107 patients in Italy. For radiological risk, the study considered 659 Chest-CT performed in adult patients. Organ doses were estimated using a Monte Carlo method and then used to calculate the Risk Index that was converted into a related 5-year mortality rate (SEER, NCI). Results. COVID-19 mortality showed a rapid rise for ages >30 years old (min:0.30%; max:30.20%), whereas only 1 death was reported in the analyzed patient cohort for ages <20 years old. The rates decreased for radiation risk across age groups. The median mortality rate across all ages for Chest-CT and Chest-Radiography were 0.72% (min:0.46%; max:1.10%) and 0.03% (min:0.02%; max:0.04%), respectively.Conclusions. COVID-19, Chest-Radiography, and Chest-CT mortality rates showed different magnitudes and trends across age groups. In higher ages, COVID-19 risk far outweighs that of radiological exams. Based on risk comparison alone, Chest-Radiography and Chest-CT for COVID-19 care is justified for patients older than 30 and 50 years old, respectively.
COVID-19 in Iran, a comprehensive investigation from exposure to treatment outcomes
Authors: Ashraf Mohammad Ali , Shokouhi Nasim , Shirali Elham , Davari-tanha Fateme , Memar Omeed , Kamalipour Alireza , Azarnoush Ayein , Mabadi Avin , Ossareh Adele , Sanginabadi Milad , Azad Talat Mokhtari , Aghaghazvini Leila , Ghaderkhani Sara , Poordast Tahereh , Pourdast Alieh , Nazemi Pershang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background There is a growing need for information regarding the recent coronavirus disease of 2019 (Covid-19). We present a comprehensive report of Covid-19 patients in Iran.Methods One hundred hospitalized patients with Covid-19 were studied. Data on potential source of exposure, demographic, clinical, and paraclinical features, therapy outcome, and post-discharge follow-up were analyzed.Results The median age of the patients was 58 years, and the majority of the patients (72.7%) were above 50 years of age. Fever was present in 45.2% of the patients on admission. The most common clinical symptoms were shortness of breath (74%) and cough (68%). Most patients had elevated C-reactive protein (92.3%), elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (82.9%), lymphocytopenia (74.2 %) on admission. Lower lobes of the lung were most commonly involved, and ground-glass opacity (81.8%) was the most frequent finding in CT scans. The administration of hydroxychloroquine improved the clinical outcome of the patients. Lopinavir/ritonavir was efficacious at younger ages. Of the 70 discharged patients, 40% had symptom relapse, (8.6%) were readmitted to the hospital, and 3 patients (4.3%) died.Conclusions This report demonstrates a heterogeneous nature of clinical manifestations in patients affected with Covid-19. The most common presenting symptoms are non-specific, so attention should be made on broader testing, especially in age groups with the greatest risk and younger individuals who can serve as carriers of the disease. Hydroxychloroquine and lopinavir/ritonavir (in younger age group) can be potential treatment options. Finally, patients discharged from the hospital should be followed up because of potential symptom relapse.
Identification of Immune complement function as a determinant of adverse SARS-CoV-2 infection outcome
Authors: Ramlall Vijendra , Thangara Phyllis M. , Tatonetti Nicholas P. , Shapira Sagi D. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Understanding the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection is critical for therapeutics and public health intervention strategies. Viral-host interactions can guide discovery of regulators of disease outcomes, and protein structure function analysis points to several immune pathways, including complement and coagulation, as targets of the coronavirus proteome. To determine if conditions associated with dysregulation of the complement or coagulation systems impact adverse clinical outcomes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, we performed a retrospective observational study of 11,116 patients suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We found that history of macular degeneration (a proxy for complement activation disorders) and history of coagulation disorders (thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, and hemorrhage) are risk factors for morbidity and mortality in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients – effects that could not be explained by age or sex. In addition, using data from the UK Biobank, we implemented a candidate driven approach to evaluate linkage between severe SARS-CoV-2 disease and genetic variation associated with complement and coagulation pathways. Among our findings, our scan identified an eQTL for CD55 (a negative regulator of complement activation) and SNPs in Complement Factor H (CFH) and Complement Component 4 Binding Protein Alpha (C4BPA), which play central roles in complement activation and innate immunity and were previously linked to Age Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) in a Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS). In addition to providing evidence that complement function modulates SARS-CoV-2 infection outcome, the data point to several putative genetic markers of susceptibility. The results highlight the value of using a multi-modal analytical approach, combining molecular information from virus protein structure-function analysis with clinical informatics and genomics to reveal determinants and predictors of immunity, susceptibility, and clinical outcome associated with infection.
WITHDRAWN: Steric blockage of lysenin toxin by crowding
Authors: Munguira Ignacio L.B. , Barbas Alfonso 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Increasing evidence signals the importance of macromolecular crowding on the regulation of the membrane protein activity. Lysenin is a pore forming toxin that forms crowded assemblies in membrane containing sphingomyelin microdomains. We studied the role of crowding on the activity of Lysenin thanks to High Speed Atomic Force Microscopy. In this study we show that pore formation requires available space around to take place, being sterically block in crowded environments, and verified it with nonSupported Lipid Bilayers mimicking the mechanical conditions of cell membranes. A continuous pH decrease and a single molecule compression experiments show that pore formation liberates membrane space leading to prepore-to-pore transitions. The study of the effects of prepore insertion comparing pore formation induced by sudden pH decrease in lysenin assemblies with thousand simulations show that liberation of space unblocks pore formation and could contribute to elude the cellular non-immune defences. Based on our findings we propose a refinement of current prepore structure and insertion models. We envision novel antibiotic strategies based on toxin-bindingdomains crowders.
USP48 Sustains Chemoresistance and Metastasis in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Lei Xuemeng , Li Xukun , Chen Hongyan , Liu Zhihua 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Ubiquitin specific protease 48 (USP48) is a member of the deubiquitinating
enzymes (DUBs) family. However, the function of USP48 in ovarian cancer remains unclear.

Objective:
The present study reveals that USP48 knockdown could significantly inhibit cell migration
and invasion in ES2, 3AO and A2780 cells, without affecting cell proliferation.

Methods:
After carboplatin (CBP) treatment, the USP48 ablation increases the apoptosis rate, and
the cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase 3 expression levels in ES2, 3AO and A2780 cells. The subcutaneous
tumor and intraperitoneally injected experiments demonstrated that the USP48 knockdown
significantly increases responsiveness to CBP, and alleviates the metastasis in vivo. Meanwhile,
USP48 deficiency results in the improved survival of mice.

Results:
Finally, the analysis of clinical samples and the TCGA and Kaplan-Meier Plot database revealed
that the high expression of USP48 in ovarian cancer patients is associated with poor survival
and resistance to CBP therapy.

Conclusion:
In summary, USP48 may be a potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer patients.
MicroRNA 21 Emerging Role in Diabetic Complications: A Critical Update
Authors: Roy Dipayan , Modi Anupama , Khokhar Manoj , Sankanagoudar Shrimanjunath , Yadav Dharamveer , Sharma Shailja , Purohit Purvi , Sharma Praveen 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Diabetes Mellitus is a multifactorial disease encompassing various pathogenic
pathways. To avoid morbidity and mortality related to diabetic complications, early detection of disease
complications as well as targeted therapeutic strategies are essential.

Introduction:
MicroRNAs (miRs) are short non-coding RNA molecules that regulate eukaryotic posttranscriptional
gene expression. MicroRNA-21 has diverse gene regulatory functions and plays a significant
role in various complications of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods:
The study included electronic database searches on Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science
with the search items MicroRNA21 and each of the diabetic complications. The search was carried out
up to November, 2019.

Results:
MicroRNA-21 modulates diabetic cardiomyopathy by affecting vascular smooth muscle cell
proliferation and apoptosis, cardiac cell growth and death, and cardiac fibroblast functions. At the renal
tubules, miR-21 can regulate the mesangial expansion, interstitial fibrosis, macrophage infiltration,
podocyte loss, albuminuria and fibrotic and inflammatory gene expression related to diabetic nephropathy.
Overexpression of miR-21 has been seen to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy
by contributing to diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction as well as low-grade inflammation.

Conclusion:
Considering the raised levels of miR-21 in various diabetic complications, it may prove to
be a candidate biomarker for diabetic complications. Further, miR-21 antagonists have shown great potential
in the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic
neuropathy related complications in the future. The current review is the first of its kind encompassing
the roles miR-21 plays in various diabetic complications, with a critical discussion of its future
potential role as a biomarker and therapeutic target.