bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Querying Knowledge Graphs in Natural Language
Authors: Liang Shiqi , Stockinger Kurt , de Farias Tarcisio Mendes , Anisimova Maria , Gil Manuel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Knowledge graphs are a powerful concept for querying large amounts of data. These knowledge graphs are typically enormous and are often not easily accessible to end-users because they require specialized knowledge in query languages such as SPARQL. Moreover, end-users need a deep understanding of the structure of the underlying data models often based on the Resource Description Framework (RDF). This drawback has led to the development of Question-Answering (QA) systems that enable end-users to express their information needs in natural language. While existing systems simplify user access, there is still room for improvement in the accuracy of these systems. In this paper we propose a new QA system for translating natural language questions into SPARQL queries. The key idea is to break up the translation process into 5 smaller, more manageable sub-tasks and use ensemble machine learning methods as well as Tree-LSTM-based neural network models to automatically learn and translate a natural language question into a SPARQL query. The performance of our proposed QA system is empirically evaluated using the two renowned benchmarks - the 7th Question Answering over Linked Data Challenge (QALD-7) and the Large-Scale Complex Question Answering Dataset (LC-QuAD). Experimental results show that our QA system outperforms the state-of-art systems by 15% on the QALD-7 dataset and by 48% on the LC-QuAD dataset, respectively. In addition, we make our source code available.
The Psychometric Properties Persian version of the Hearing Handicap Inventory Screening Version (HHIE-S) Among Older Adults
Authors: Behboudi Leila , Chattu Vijay Kumar , Heizomi Haleh , Adelirad Fatemeh , Jafarabadi Mohammad Asghari , Allahverdipour Hamid 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: there is a great need for a valid hearing loss measurement tool in the Persian language to help identify hearing handicap and potential communicational difﬁculties among Persian speaking older adults.Objectives: The present study was aimed to validate and adapt the original English version of Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE) into Persian language.Methods:A cross-sectional study was designed and data was collected from August to November 2019 in Tabriz, Iran among the older adults aged 60 years and above whose hearing loss had been confirmed by audiometry. Self-reporting and face-to-face interviews were the data collection methods in this study. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 (SPSS and STATA 14).Results: An exploratory factor analysis of data resulted in two factors, which included 9 of the 10 items and accounted for 87.00% of the variance. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient (0.85) and the test–retest reliability score (0.73) indicated good internal consistency.Conclusion : The results showed that HHIE-S is a valid and reliable tool for assessing hearing handicap among Persian speaking and Iranian older adults.
Diselenide Crosslinks for Enhanced and Simplified Oxidative Protein Folding
Authors: Mousa Reem , Hidmi Taghreed , Pomyalov Sergei , Lansky Shifra , Khouri Lareen , Shalev Debbie , Shoham Gil , Metanis Norman 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The oxidative folding of proteins has been studied for over sixty years, providing critical insight into protein folding mechanisms. Hirudin, the most potent natural inhibitor of thrombin, is a 65-residue protein with three disulfide bonds, and is viewed as a folding model for a wide range of disulfide-rich proteins. Hirudin’s folding pathway is notorious for its highly heterogeneous intermediates and scrambled isomers, which plague its folding rate and yield in vitro. Aiming to overcome these limitations, we undertook a systematic investigation of diselenide bridges at native and non-native positions and investigated their effect on hirudin’s folding, structure and activity. Our studies demonstrated that, regardless of the specific positions of these substitutions, the diselenide crosslinks enhanced the folding rate and yield of the corresponding hirudin analogs, while reducing the complexity and heterogeneity of the process. Moreover, crystal structure analysis confirmed that the diselenide substitutions maintained the overall structure of the protein and left the function virtually unchanged. The choice of hirudin as a study model has implications beyond its specific folding mechanism, demonstrating the high potential of diselenide substitutions in the design, preparation and characterization of disulfide-rich proteins.
Ground-Space Observations of Pc5 Poleward Moving Auroral Arc Pulsations and Field-Line Resonances in the Post-Midnight Sector: THEMIS Observations
Authors: Sato Natsuo , Yukimatu Akira Sessai , Tanaka Yoshimasa , Tomoaki Tomoaki , Kadokura Akira 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
We investigate the Pc5 poleward moving auroral arc (PMAA) pulsations (~ 4–5 min period) using the ground-based all-sky imager network and the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) A, D, and E satellites, whose footprints were located near the PMAA in the post-midnight sector. The Pc5 PMAA pulsations considered herein occurred in conjunction with the enhancement of the magnetic and electric field oscillations observed near the equatorial plane of the magnetosphere. The magnetospheric oscillation signal displayed three-cycle oscillations, which correspond primarily to the PMAA pulsations. The value of coherence between the magnetospheric oscillations and the luminosity pulsations was higher than 0.9. Based on these observations, it is suggested that the PMAA pulsations and the magnetospheric field oscillations are initiated by the same physical mechanism and thus oscillate concurrently by the magnetosphere-ionosphere (M-I) coupling. The satellite data indicated a longer period of magnetospheric oscillations at the higher latitude site. On the other hand, the measured period of the PMAA pulsation was almost constant in the lower latitude region (~ 68.5°-70.0° MLAT), whereas in the higher latitude region (~ 70.0°-70.5° MLAT) it increased with increasing latitude. This signature demonstrates that the oscillations on the lower latitudinal side of the PMAA conformed with the monochromatic frequency field-line resonance (FLR) where the oscillation period was constant and independent of latitude, whereas the higher latitude side of the PMAA presented a multi-frequency FLR region where the period lengthened with increasing latitude. The Pc5 magnetic pulsations observed on the ground neither exhibited a clear coincidence with the PMAA pulsations nor with the magnetospheric magnetic oscillations. On the other hand, the H component of magnetic pulsations demonstrated a rather similar behavior to that of the ion pressure variation within the magnetosphere. The solar wind speed was significantly high, approximately 650 km/s, during this event. The magnetospheric magnetic and electric field oscillations could be triggered simultaneously in a wide region by an impulse such as rapid convection changes caused by the sudden variations of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz, which was observed by the SuperDARN radar and the Geotail satellite.
Positive Predictive Value of ICD-10-CM Definitions for Adolescent Intentional Self-Harm: An Emergency Department Medical Record Review
Authors: Hansen Anna , Slavova Dessi , Cooper Gena , Zummer Jaryd , Costich Julia F 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts are increasing problems among American adolescents. This study proposed a definition for identifying intentional self-harm injuries (ISHIs) in emergency department (ED) records coded with International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes and sought to estimate: (1) the definition’s positive predictive value (PPV) in a pediatric population treated in one Kentucky ED, and (2) the proportion of Intentional self-harm injuries (ISHIs) with intent to die (i.e., suicide attempt) that cannot be captured by ICD-10-CM codes and can only be identified by a medical record abstraction. Methods The study definition captured initial encounters for ISHIs based on first valid external cause-of-injury self-harm codes in the ICD-10-CM range X71-X83, T14.91, T36-T65, or T71. Medical records for a random sample of 207 ED discharge records were reviewed following a specified protocol. The PPV for the study definition was reported with its 95% confidence interval (95%CI). Results The estimated PPV for the study definition’s ability to capture true ISHIs was 88.9%, 95%CI (83.8%, 92.8%). The estimated percentage of ISHIs with intent to die was 45.9%, 95%CI (47.1%, 61.0%). The ICD-10-CM code “suicide attempt” (T14.91) captured only 7 cases, but coding guidelines allow assignment of this code only when the mechanism of the suicide attempt is unknown. Conclusions This study demonstrated a critical shortcoming in U.S. morbidity surveillance. The ICD-10-CM coding system and coding guidelines do not allow accurate identification of ISHIs with intent to die; modifications are needed to address this issue.
Application of Three-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography in Preoperative Evaluation of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Ding Peng , Xu Chennian , Liu Yang , Tang Jiayou , Jin Ping , Li Lanlan , Ma Yanyan , Lu Linhe , Yang Jian 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAnalysing the accuracy of 3D-TEE in preoperative evaluation of TAVR compared with CT when the error led by inconsistent software and method has been eliminated and the representativeness of sample has been improved, and exploring the influence of aortic root calcification on the accuracy of 3D-TEE in aortic annulus evaluations.MethodsPart I: 45 of 233 patients who underwent TAVR in the department of cardiovascular surgery in Xijing hospital from January 2016 to August 2019 were retrospectively studied. Mimics and multiplanar reconstruction method were used for evaluation based on 3D-TEE and CT. Annulus diameter - area derived (Da), annulus diameter - perimeter derived (Dp), annulus mean diameter, the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) diameter-Dp, the sinus tube junction (STJ) diameter-Dp and aortic sinus diameter were compared and analyzed. Part ii: 31 of 233 patients whose 3D-TEE and CT data were well preserved and in the required format were included. HU450 and HU850 were used as indicators to measure the severity of calcification, and spearman rank correlation and ROC curve was used to analyze the correlation between aortic root calcification and accuracy of 3D-TEE in aortic annulus measurement.ResultsThe measurement results based on 3D-TEE were significantly lower than those of CT (p<0.05), except for the STJ diameter-Dp in diastole (p=0.11). The correlation coefficient of the two groups was 0.699 ~ 0.954 (p < 0.01), which also indicated a significant correlation between the two groups.Bland-Altman plot showed that the ordinate values were mostly within the 95% consistency limit, the consistency of the two groups was good. By establishing the linear regression equation, the two groups can be inferred from each other. Spearman rank correlation analysis and ROC curve analysis showing that the influence of aortic calcification on the accuracy of 3D-TEE annulus evaluation was limited.ConclusionsWhlie evaluation based on 3D-TEE underestimated the results, we can deduce CT results from 3D-TEE as they obtain considerable correlation and consistency. Calcification in the aortic sinus did not affect the accuracy of 3D-TEE annulus evaluation.Trial registrationName: Surgery and Transcatheter Intervention for Structural Heart DiseasesNumber: NCT02917980URL : https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=NCT02917980
Trends, Spatial Pattern and Determinants of Skilled Birth Attendant Utilization in Ethiopia: Data from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (2005, 2011 and 2016).
Authors: Regassa Lemma Demissie , Tola Assefa , Tusa Biruk Shalmeno , Weldesenbet Adisu Birhanu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Since 2000, Ethiopia has achieved considerable success in reduction of maternal and child mortality, but progress and distribution across the country in SBA remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the trend, spatial distribution, and determinants of skilled birth attendant utilization in Ethiopia. Methods: Data from time series community-based cross-sectional study design of Ethiopian Demography and Health Surveys (2005-2016 EDHS) were employed. Data was downloaded and extracted from DHS website (www.dhsprogram.com). Stata version 16.0 for statistical and Arc-GIS version 10.1 and Sat-Scan software’s were used for spatial analysis. Multilevel generalized linear model with binomial distribution was fitted to identify community and individual level factors associated with skilled birth attendant utilization. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval used to report the association. Result: The trend of skilled birth attendant utilization has been increased from 5% in 2005 to 27% in 2016. Skilled birth was clustered with spatial variation across the country. The primary and secondary significant clusters of skilled birth attendants were located in Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa. Skilled birth attendant’s utilization was determined by residence, women’s educational level, partner’s educational level, age at first birth, maternal age at interview, and antenatal care were significantly associated with SBA utilization.Conclusion: The SBA utilization has shown a substantial increased and showed spatial variation in Ethiopia. We recommend strengthening maternal health programs with special emphasis for uneducated and women from rural parts of a country.
Calcitriol Combined With Budesonide Inhibits the Secretion and Expression of IL-33 in Mouse Airway Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Zhang Nan , Zhang Qian , Cai Qiujing , He Xuejia , Li Qingsu , Zhang Yamin , Zhu Weiwei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBronchial asthma (asthma) is a chronic respiratory inflammatory disease characterized by reversible airflow limitation and high airway reactivity. Current studies generally show that airway remodeling is the pathologic structural basis for the occurrence of reversible airflow restriction and airway hyper reactivity[1] [2].In the above process, airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) hyperplasia and hypertrophy are considered to be the main mechanisms of airway remodeling[3]. Calcitriol can be combined with budesonide to more effectively inhibit airway inflammation and airway remodeling and play its role in the treatment of asthma[4, 5]. MethodsThe mouse airway smooth muscle cells were divided into blank group, TGF-β1 group, SIS3 group, budesonide group,calcitriol group and drug co-treatment group[6]. The IL-33 concentration in supernatant of each group was detected by ELISA method, and the expression of Smad3, pSmad3 and IL-33 protein in each group was detected by Western blotting method[7].ResultsELISA showed that the concentration of IL-33 in the supernatant of cell culture in budesonide group was lower than that in the calcitriolgroup, and the concentration of IL-33 in the drugco-treatment group was lower than that in any single drugtreatment group.The expression level of Smad3 protein, pSmad3 protein and IL-33 protein of western blot in the drug co-treatment group were significantly decreased[8, 9].ConclusionsCalcitriol combined with budesonide can effectively decrease the expression and secretion of IL-33 in mouseairway smooth muscle cells byactivatingTGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway [10].
The Impact of Race on Postpartum Opioid Prescribing Practices: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: McKinnish Tyler Ryan , Lewkowitz Adam K. , Carter Ebony B. , Veade Ashley E. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTo identify the association between inpatient postpartum opioid consumption, race, and amount of opioids prescribed at discharge after vaginal or cesarean delivery. MethodsA total of 416 women who were prescribed an oral opioid following vaginal or cesarean delivery at a single tertiary academic institution between July 2018 and October 2018 were identified. Women with postoperative wound complications, third and fourth degree lacerations, cesarean hysterectomy, or a history of opioid abuse were excluded. The primary outcome was the number of oxycodone 5 mg tablets prescribed at discharge, stratified by race and mode of delivery. Only “Black” and “White” women were included in analyses due to low absolute numbers of other identities. Black women were compared to white women using multivariable logistic regression. Multiple sensitivity analyses were performed.ResultsThe median number of oxycodone tablets consumed during hospitalization following cesarean delivery was seven (IQR: 2.5–12 tablets) and following vaginal delivery was one (IQR: 0-3). White women were more likely to be older at delivery regardless of route (median 32 vs. 30 years for cesarean delivery, and 29 vs. 27 years for vaginal delivery; p<0.01 for both). White women undergoing cesarean delivery did so at a lower maternal BMI (31.6 vs. 34.5; p=0.02). White women were also significantly more likely to have private insurance and to experience perineal lacerations following vaginal delivery. The number of inpatient opioid tablets consumed, as well as the number prescribed at discharge, were not statistically different between Black and White women, regardless of mode of delivery. These findings persisted in sensitivity analyses.ConclusionAt our large, academic hospital the number of tablets prescribed at discharge had no association with patient race or inpatient usage regardless of mode of delivery.
Ethnobotanical research to assess the diversity of tree species used in wood carving in Southern Benin: Perspective for sustainable forest conservation.
Authors: Dossou-Yovo Hubert O. , Kindomihou Valentin , Sinsin Brice 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: This research aimed at assessing the diversity of timber species used in wood carving in southern Benin, identify various sources of woods as well as their ranking as most used. We also stated the relative importance of species of which woods were recorded as the most used. The scarcity or availability of species woods and their causes in recent years were assessed and carvers’ willingness to contribute to species conservation was documented. With a perspective of sustainable forest conservation, the impact of this activity on forests was assessed throughout the paper. Methods: A preliminary survey was conducted to determine the number of wood carvers in three districts of Southern Benin. Then, a semi-structured questionnaire served to collect data from twelve wood carvers. Various percentage of carvers were calculated and we determine the Use Value of the most used species woods in order to assess their relative importance. Results: Twenty-two species were used in wood carving with most species having red or yellow wood. The purchase of wood in industrial markets was the predominant source followed by the direct purchase from plantation and tree owners. Diospyros mespiliformis, Chlorophora excelsa,Tectona grandis and Gmelina arborea were species of which woods were most However, Gmelina arborea and Chlorophora excelsa exhibited the highest Use Value meaning their relative importance in terms of diversity of uses. All carvers reported the scarcity of woods and the destruction of forests and plantations for logging were the main cause; 25% of them own plantations of G. arborea and A. auriculiformis. Carvers indicated their willingness to have plantations of T. grandis and G. arborea for personal use and trade. Promoting reforestation and timber species plantation through sustainable tools is needed, and sensitizing them about forest conservation.Conclusions: A diversity of species are used in carving in Southern Benin, the most used species being D. mespiliformis, C. excelsa, T. grandis and G. arborea. Gmelina arborea and C. excelsa had the highest Use Value. Carvers indicated their willingness to contribute to species plantation and conservation. Wood carving impacts on forest fragmentation and there is a need to promote reforestation and plantation, and to provide carvers with tools for plantation management.
Effectiveness of Involvement of Community Health Workers in Identification and Referral of Persons Living With Epilepsy in Rural Rwanda
Authors: Sebera Fidele , Dedeken Peter , Kayirangwa Jeannine , Umwiringirwa Josiane , Kajeneza Delphine , Reis Nicole Alves dos , Teuwen Dirk Edward , Boon Paul 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
IntroductionAs part of an interventional study on epilepsy and depression as co-morbidity, persons living with epilepsy (PwE) were enrolled in villages associated with three health centers (HCs) in the Musanze district, Rwanda. Due to slower than expected enrolment based on an estimated prevalence of 47.7‰, we engaged Community Healthcare Workers (CHWs) in the identification and referral of PwE. MethodsCHWs of villages associated to three HC participated in a one-day training on epilepsy and on the Kinyarwanda version of the Limoges epilepsy screening questionnaire. CHWs returned to their villages and identified persons responding positive to one or more questions. After one week, CHWs accompanied possible PwE to their respective HC for clinical evaluation and diagnosis of epilepsy by neurologistsResults A total of 1308 patients screened positive. Clinical diagnosis of epilepsy was confirmed in 589. We observed an unexpected effect of an additional 93 non-screened patients also presenting to HCs, all confirmed with epilepsy. The number of PwE increased from 48 persons prior to the intervention to 682 (a 14.2-fold increase). In the Gataraga, Kimonyi and Karwasa HC, the patient number increased from 18 to 161, 11 to 193 and 19 to 328, respectively. Relative increases at each HC were 8.9-, 17.5- and 17.3-fold, respectively. Conclusion This observation illustrates that involving CHWs, equipped with an easy-to-administer screening tool, enhances possible case detection and decreases epilepsy diagnosis and treatment gaps. The involvement of CHWs impacted the lives of many PwE. Study supported by: UCB Pharma