bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physic-chemical characteristic of nata de coco
Authors: Herawati H , Kamsiati E , Widyaputri S , Sutanto  
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe fermentation technology for processing nata de coco can be used by using coconut water waste sources and the use ofAcetobacter xylinumbacteria. The purpose of this study is to analyze the physico-chemical quality of nata de coco produced by using a combination of sources of raw materials and their concentration on the quality of the nata de coco produced. The methodology for making the basic formula used 5 grams of nitrogen, ammonium sulfate and acetic acid in coconut water. The treatment used is in the form of using a variety of carbon sources in the form of granulated sugar, pineapple honey, tapioca and molasses with variations in concentrations of 3, 6 and 9%. The data obtained is then analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Software. Based on the results of analysis, the results show that the different uses of source types and carbon concentrations significantly affect physical characteristics such as thickness, weight, residual water volume, color, hardness, frequency and value of TPT from nata de coco produced. The highest levels of crude fiber and cellulose were obtained from the treatment of 3% tapioca flour carbon sources of 0.68% and 0.78%. SEM observations of the treatment of 3% tapioca flour with a magnification of 10,000 times the actual size with cellulose tape sizes ranging from 120.8 nm to 155.5 nm with irregular shapes and uneven surface texture. The results of the FTIR spectrum of cellulose nata de coco treatment of 3% tapioca flour there was a group absorption peak at wave number 3392.17 cm-1, vibration was at wave number 1402.55 cm-1, 1052.86 cm-1, 1110.02 cm-1 1629.47 cm-1.
Analysis quantitative of flavonoid content in moringa leaves comes from Sigi Biromaru, Palu, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Nuryanti S , Purwaningsih H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Moringa is a multifunctional vegetable plant so that all parts of this Moringa plant can be used as a food source because it contains active compounds and complete nutrition. Moringa is widely used because it is beneficial to health. Many compounds in Moringa leaves are very beneficial for health, one of which is plavonoid compounds. An analysis of the flavonoid content in Moringa leaves has been analyzed. Analysis of flavonoid content was carried out by extracting Moringa leaves with methanol-HCl 1% solvent. The extract was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results of the analysis showed flavonoid in young and old leaves in 100 g of the samples respectively 0.0839 mg and 0.0327 mg.
Effect of planting and harvesting time on cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Var. Gambyong
Authors: Samidjo G S , Sarjiyah  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Cassava has become a premier commodity used as the raw material for local’s food production. Gunungkidul Regency is well known as the central production of cassava, thus, becoming the main reference for the consumers either persons, group, or firms. However, Cassava’s availability has remained a problem as its productivity cannot fulfill the demand of the market. Planting and harvest time are the main problem as it remains unclear, especially for local varieties at Gunungkidul regency. This research aimed to determine the proper time to plant and harvest cassava cv. Gambyong. Factorial treatments consisting of two factors were arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). This first factor was the planting time (September, October, November, and December), while the second factor was the harvesting time (four, five, six, seven, eight, and nine month). There were three replications within each treatment, so that there were 72 experimental units. The result revealed that the cassava planted in September had increasing growth rate, development, and tuber yield started from 4 to 9 month of harvest time. Meanwhile, the cassava planted in October, November, and December showed decreasing growth rate, development, and tuber yield of all harvest time.
Phylogenetic relationship among taxa in the genus Pisum L. based on morphological traits
Authors: Toker C , Sari H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The number of species in the genus Pisum L. has been far from consensus since the species in the genus have been reported as two to five or as monotypic. The aim of the present study is therefore to bring to light phylogenetic relationship on morphological traits in five pea taxa including Pisum sativum L. (garden pea), P. arvense L. (Poiret.) (field pea), P. abyssinicum (A. Braun.) Govorov (Dekoko or Abyssinian pea), P. elatius (M. Bieb.) Aschers. & Graebn. and P. fulvum Sib. & Sm. using multivariate cluster analysis (MCA). According to MCA analysis, P. sativum subsp. sativum var. sativum and P. sativum subsp. sativum var. arvense were clustered in the same group, whereas P. sativum subsp. abyssinicum was closer to these two taxa. Although wild species including P. sativum subsp. elatius and P. fulvum were found to be different from the cultivated species, P. fulvum was distinctly different from the other taxa. Results suggested that the similarity among taxa was found as the following order:

P. sativum subsp. sativum var. sativum,

P. sativum subsp. sativum var. arvense,

P. sativum subsp. abyssinicum,

P. sativum subsp. elatius and

P. fulvum
Ethnobotany study of Jalawure (Tacca leontopetaloides) as a source of nutrition quality improvement on the South Coastal people in West Java
Authors: Wardah  , Ariani D 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Community income of West Java coastal areas ranging from Pelabuhan Ratu area to the coastal area of Leuweung Sancang in South Garut, West Java is fishing. Their daily life is very dependent on the results of fishing in the sea. Livelihoods like this are highly dependent on the condition of the seasons. This makes the life of coastal communities are often categorized as food insecure communities. The longer dry season than the rainy season adds to the livelihood of the community tends to suffer from food insecurity. Jalawure (Tacca leontopetaloides) is one of the plant species that grows on the coast, has tubers containing a high source of carbohydrates and mineral content which can be utilized by the community to overcome such dry conditions. This research was conducted from 2016-2018 in several villages, namely the coast of Kerta Jaya Village (Sukabumi Regency), Cidamar (Cianjur Selatan, Cianjur Regency), Cikelet, Cijambe, Cigadog, Mancagahar, Pameungpeuk, Leuweung Sancang (Garut Regency), West Java. Ethnobotany study of Jalawure is discussed in this manuscript.
The Evolution of Patients’ and Surgeons’ Perspectives Towards the Role of the Internet and Social Media in Breast Augmentation Over 5 Years
Authors: Montemurro Paolo , Tay Vincent K S , Hedén Per 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
The influence of the internet and social media (SoMe) in the decision-making of patients is recognized. Plastic surgeons are aware of this trend but are entangled between ethics, professionalism, and business acumen.

Objectives
In this study, the authors presented the evolution of perspectives of patients and surgeons recruited through a private clinic over 5 years.

Methods
A questionnaire was administered to patients consulting for primary breast augmentation in 2014, 2017, and 2019. Plastic surgeons who worked at or visited the Akademikliniken in 2014, 2017, and 2019 completed a separate questionnaire.

Results
In total, 1646 patient responses were collected. Patients who started their information gathering with the internet increased from 68.0% to 72.9%, and 94.1% of patients looked for information about aesthetic surgery on the internet before their consultation. Patients who read about aesthetic surgery on SoMe increased 29.1%. Of 462 surgeons recruited, 62% opined that the majority of patients had gathered information online before consultation. Fewer surgeons in 2019 thought that the internet and SoMe led to better information (down from 61.7% to 35.2%). An increase from 38.3% to 65.3% of surgeons attributed it to unrealistic expectations. However, only 9.7% of surgeons would support removal of plastic surgery material from SoMe compared with 21.9% in 2014.

Conclusions
The increased utilization and influence of the internet and SoMe on patients and surgeons is rapid. Aesthetic plastic surgeons must equip themselves to cope with the risks and capitalize on the opportunity for patient engagement and public education.
Distinct Life Histories Impact Dikaryotic Genome Evolution in the Rust Fungus Puccinia striiformis Causing Stripe Rust in Wheat
Authors: Schwessinger Benjamin , Chen Yan-Jun , Tien Richard , Vogt Josef Korbinian , Sperschneider Jana , Nagar Ramawatar , McMullan Mark , Sicheritz-Ponten Thomas , Sørensen Chris K , Hovmøller Mogens Støvring , Rathjen John P , Justesen Annemarie Fejer 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Stripe rust of wheat, caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici, is a major threat to wheat production worldwide with an estimated yearly loss of US $1 billion. The recent advances in long-read sequencing technologies and tailored-assembly algorithms enabled us to disentangle the two haploid genomes of Pst. This provides us with haplotype-specific information at a whole-genome level. Exploiting this novel information, we perform whole-genome comparative genomics of two P. striiformis f.sp. tritici isolates with contrasting life histories. We compare one isolate of the old European lineage (PstS0), which has been asexual for over 50 years, and a Warrior isolate (PstS7 lineage) from a novel incursion into Europe in 2011 from a sexual population in the Himalayan region. This comparison provides evidence that long-term asexual evolution leads to genome expansion, accumulation of transposable elements, and increased heterozygosity at the single nucleotide, structural, and allele levels. At the whole-genome level, candidate effectors are not compartmentalized and do not exhibit reduced levels of synteny. Yet we were able to identify two subsets of candidate effector populations. About 70% of candidate effectors are invariant between the two isolates, whereas 30% are hypervariable. The latter might be involved in host adaptation on wheat and explain the different phenotypes of the two isolates. Overall, this detailed comparative analysis of two haplotype-aware assemblies of P. striiformis f.sp. tritici is the first step in understanding the evolution of dikaryotic rust fungi at a whole-genome level.
IT MAKES ME FEEL LIKE I’M NOT ALONE: GRANDPARENT CAREGIVERS’ DISCUSSIONS OF SOCIAL SUPPORT
Authors: Freeman Jessica , Elton Jessica 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This study investigated skipped-generation “grandfamily” caregivers’ sources of social support. Skipped-generation “grandfamilies” are defined as families in which grandparents co-reside with and take on parental responsibilities for grandchildren (Shakya, et al., 2012). Nearly 2.6 million U.S. grandparents are responsible for at least one grandchild (Generations United, 2017). How grandparent caregivers seek social support is an important topic of research because social support has the potential to influence health, personal relationships, and sense of self-worth (Burleson, 1990, 2003; Sarason & Sarason, 2009; Vangelisti, 2009). Thus, this exploratory study looked at if, why/why not, and how skipped-generation grandparents seek social support. The study also elaborated upon which types of social support grandparent caregivers described receiving. Interviews were conducted with grandparents (N = 21) who identified as primary caregiver for at least one grandchild. Two independent coders analyzed transcripts, applying Braun and Clarke’s (2006) approach to thematic analysis. Results revealed that several grandparent caregivers report a sense of isolation and do not seek out formalized support structures due to lack of time, sense of connection, or interest. On the other hand, others receive social support formally and informally, via a number of channels including support groups (online and in-person), trained professionals, and friends/family. Following Cutrona and Suhr’s (1992) social support categorization, the results indicate that grandparent caregivers most often seek support falling into categories ranging from informational/advice, emotional, tangible, and networking.
CHARACTERISTICS OF HOSPITALIZED OLDER ADULTS WITH RECURRENT CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE: INTERVENTION OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: Boone Anna , Kennedy-Malone Laurie , McCoy Thomas , Lekan Deborah A , Wallace Debra , Rourk Robert 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause for gastroenteritis-associated deaths (Hall et al., 2012). Risk factors include advanced age, antibiotic use, and hospital admission, yet multiple others are not widely known. CDI recurrence risk may be as high as 40% after initial treatment (Garey et al., 2008; Kelly & Lamont, 2008). Older adults may present atypically, and treatment guidelines for initial and recurrent CDI have evolved from older standards. A retrospective cohort research study explored characteristics of hospitalized adults ages 55 and older with CDI between December 31, 2013 through December 31, 2015, identified by ICD diagnosis codes. Recurrence within one year, laboratory measurements, chronic diseases, and psychosocial data were captured from the electronic health record (EHR). Over the study period, 871 patients had a recurrence rate of 23.9% (n=208). Caucasian females comprised over half the sample, and 9.1% expired during initial hospitalization. Almost two-thirds (n=576, 66.1%) lived in private residences prior to admission. CDI recurrence was more prevalent if discharged to skilled nursing facility and home health care services. Hypertension, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease were most prevalent in the recurrent CDI group. Polypharmacy was noted in over two-thirds of sample. A large portion of the sample displayed hypoalbuminemia on admission.Utilizing the EHR to aggregate data promotes interventions to reduce recurrence, prolonged stay, and aggressive treatment per current guidelines. Multidisciplinary approaches include deprescribing, nutritional support, and chronic disease management. Person-centered care and individualized interventions should begin on admission with close outpatient follow-up and hopeful reduced readmissions.
CRITICAL ASPECTS OF MOBILITY FOR IMPROVING PATIENT OUTCOMES AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY
Authors: Tsay Tiffany , Schrack Jennifer A , Depenbrock Allyse , Wanigatunga Amal A , Urbanek Jacek , Brown Charles H 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Physical activity after major cardiac surgery has been associated with length of stay, discharge location, risk of readmission, and functional change. However, in-hospital mobility is not currently assessed in a standardized way with nurse reports being the primary mechanism of tracking patient activity. Furthermore, it is unclear whether it is the total amount, frequency, or type of activity that is most important for improving patient outcomes post-surgery. To better understand the duration, frequency, and intensity of patient activity post-cardiac surgery, we conducted an observational study of 206 patients using a wrist-worn accelerometer and ankle-worn pedometer. Patients with lower levels of average daily pedometer-based ambulation in the first four days post-surgery, when compared to counterparts who ambulated more, had higher odds of a longer length of stay (OR=4.55, p&lt;0.0001) or being discharged to rehab vs. home (OR=7.7 p=0.012), independent of age, race, bypass time, and EuroSCORE (cardiac surgery risk score). Engaging in an average of less than two bouts of accelerometer-derived activity lasting 5 minutes or more each day was associated with higher odds of having a longer length of stay (OR=2.69, p=0.008) or being discharged to rehab vs. home (OR=20.9, p=0.019). A slower speed of recovery during the first four postoperative days, characterized by a smaller increase in pedometer-based ambulation with each successive day, was also associated with higher odds of being discharged to rehab vs. home (OR=6.62, p=0.008). Further research is needed to develop appropriate frequency and activity thresholds for use as intervention tools to improve patient outcomes post-surgery.
ADAPTIVE GARDENING PRACTICES AMONG OLDER AFRICAN AMERICANS IN DETROIT
Authors: Robbins Jessica C , Seibel Kimberly 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
It is well established that gardening can promote physical, social, and emotional wellbeing for many older adults in varied circumstances (Milligan, Gatrell, and Bingley 2004; Nicklett, Anderson, and Yen 2016; Wang and MacMillan 2013). In post-industrial cities formed by historical and ongoing processes of structural inequality such as Detroit, Michigan, gardening is beneficial for residents in terms of health, economic activity, community-building, and city beautification (Lawson 2005; Pitt 2014; Pothukuchi 2015; White 2011). However, research has less frequently investigated how gardening can promote wellbeing for older adults living in contexts of urban structural inequality. This poster addresses this gap by exploring how older African American gardeners in Detroit adapt their gardening practices to changing physical abilities and capacities. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted during one gardening season (March-October 2017) with older African Americans in Detroit (n= 27), we employ a selective-optimization-with-compensation framework (Baltes and Baltes 1990) to understand the modifications that older Detroiters make in their gardening practices as they age. Findings demonstrate that older African Americans in Detroit engage in gardening in flexible, creative ways that accommodate new physical limitations, while also connecting to changes occurring in the city of Detroit. This study thus has implications for further understanding how gardening can benefit older adults, and how older adults can contribute vitality to contexts of structural inequality.
CORRECTING GLUTATHIONE DEFICIENCY REVERSES MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION AND ACCELERATED AGING IN PATIENTS WITH HIV
Authors: Sekhar Rajagopal V , Kumar Premranjan , Suliburk James , Minard Charles G , Liu Chun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Patients with HIV (PWH) have ‘accelerated’ aging based on early manifestation of geriatric comorbidities of declining physical-function, elevated inflammation, insulin-resistance, cognitive-impairment and abdominal-obesity, but contributing mechanisms are not well understood and interventions are lacking. We hypothesized that deficiency of the intracellular-antioxidant Glutathione results in impaired mitochondrial fuel-oxidation (MFO) and contributes to these defects, and that supplementing Glutathione precursors glycine and N-acetylcysteine (GlyNAC) could improve these defects. In an open-label trial, 8 PWH were studied before and after 12-weeks of GlyNAC supplementation (and 8-weeks after stopping GlyNAC), and compared to 8 matched, unsupplemented, uninfected controls. PWH had significantly impaired MFO, abnormal molecular regulation of MFO, muscle Glutathione deficiency, physical decline, cognitive-impairment, and higher oxidative-stress, inflammation, insulin-resistance and total body fat. GlyNAC supplementation significantly improved these defects, but benefits receded on stopping GlyNAC. These data suggest that GlyNAC supplementation could reverse ‘accelerated aging’ in PWH by improving defects linked to impaired MFO.
Gradient-induced droplet motion over soft solids
Authors: Bardall Aaron , Chen Shih-Yuan , Daniels Karen E , Shearer Michael 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Fluid droplets can be induced to move over rigid or flexible surfaces under external or body forces. We describe the effect of variations in material properties of a flexible substrate as a mechanism for motion. In this paper, we consider a droplet placed on a substrate with either a stiffness or surface energy gradient and consider its potential for motion via coupling to elastic deformations of the substrate. In order to clarify the role of contact angles and to obtain a tractable model, we consider a 2D droplet. The gradients in substrate material properties give rise to asymmetric solid deformation and to unequal contact angles, thereby producing a force on the droplet. We then use a dynamic viscoelastic model to predict the resulting dynamics of droplets. Numerical results quantifying the effect of the gradients establish that it is more feasible to induce droplet motion with a gradient in surface energy. The results show that the magnitude of elastic modulus gradient needed to induce droplet motion exceeds experimentally feasible limits in the production of soft solids and is therefore unlikely as a passive mechanism for cell motion. In both cases, of surface energy or elastic modulus, the threshold to initiate motion is achieved at lower mean values of the material properties.
Microsensors in plant biology: in vivo visualization of inorganic analytes with high spatial and/or temporal resolution
Authors: Pedersen Ole , Revsbech Niels Peter , Shabala Sergey 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis Expert View provides an update on the recent development of new microsensors, and briefly summarizes some novel applications of existing microsensors, in plant biology research. Two major topics are covered: (i) sensors for gaseous analytes (O2, CO2, and H2S); and (ii) those for measuring concentrations and fluxes of ions (macro- and micronutrients and environmental pollutants such as heavy metals). We show that application of such microsensors may significantly advance understanding of mechanisms of plant–environmental interaction and regulation of plant developmental and adaptive responses under adverse environmental conditions via non-destructive visualization of key analytes with high spatial and/or temporal resolution. Examples included cover a broad range of environmental situations including hypoxia, salinity, and heavy metal toxicity. We highlight the power of combining microsensor technology with other advanced biophysical (patch–clamp, voltage–clamp, and single-cell pressure probe), imaging (MRI and fluorescent dyes), and genetic techniques and approaches. We conclude that future progress in the field may be achieved by applying existing microsensors for important signalling molecules such as NO and H2O2, by improving selectivity of existing microsensors for some key analytes (e.g. Na, Mg, and Zn), and by developing new microsensors for P.
Plasticity of nuclear and cytoplasmic stress responses of RNA-binding proteins
Authors: Backlund Michael , Stein Frank , Rettel Mandy , Schwarzl Thomas , Perez-Perri Joel I , Brosig Annika , Zhou Yang , Neu-Yilik Gabriele , Hentze Matthias W , Kulozik Andreas E 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Cellular stress causes multifaceted reactions to trigger adaptive responses to environmental cues at all levels of the gene expression pathway. RNA-binding proteins (RBP) are key contributors to stress-induced regulation of RNA fate and function. Here, we uncover the plasticity of the RNA interactome in stressed cells, differentiating between responses in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. We applied enhanced RNA interactome capture (eRIC) analysis preceded by nucleo-cytoplasmic fractionation following arsenite-induced oxidative stress. The data reveal unexpectedly compartmentalized RNA interactomes and their responses to stress, including differential responses of RBPs in the nucleus versus the cytoplasm, which would have been missed by whole cell analyses.