bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Las Fronteras de los archivos. Lo exótico en Pasolini.
Authors: Favaretto Mery Sut 
Published: May 2020

Hoy se considera a Pier Paolo Pasolini como uno de los intelectuales italianos más importantes del siglo XX. Su vida recoge el pasaje desde el régimen Fascista al neocapitalismo y del colonialismo al poscolonialismo.Si tenemos en cuenta el contexto geopolítico italiano actual con respecto a las políticas migratorias y al desarrollo neoliberalista y neocolonial ¿qué significa analizar la referencia pasoliniana hoy? ¿y qué ocurre con el imaginario que se ha construido acerca del poeta como icono de la lucha anticapitalista radical si al analizar su obra y su vida desplazamos nuestra mirada hacia una perspectiva antirracista? El objetivo de esta contribución es situar la figura pasoliniana en el contexto histórico italiano, analizar su interés sobre los archivos y visibilizar el aspecto más orientalista de su obra.
Today Pier Paolo Pasolini is considerated as one of the most important Italian intellectuals from the 20th century. His life picks up the passage from the fascist regime to the neo-capitalism and from the colonialism to the post colonialism. Holding the actual Italian geopolitical context in mind in regard to the migration policies, the neoliberal and neocolonial development ¿what does analyse the pasolinianan reference mean now a day? And what happens in regard to the imaginary that was build around the poet as an icon of the fight against radical anti-capitalism if by analyzing his work and life we move our attention to an antiracist perspective? The objetive of this contribution is to situate the pasolinianan figure in the Italian historical context. Analysing his interest about archives and making the more orientalist aspect of his work.
Del auge del arte textil a la investigación personal.
Authors: Viñao Silvia 
Published: May 2020

Este artículo consta esencialmente de dos partes. La primera constituye una breve revisión del papel de la mujer en la sociedad y en el arte a través del arte textil. En ella se analiza cómo la actividad textil tuvo gran influencia en la incorporación de la mujer en el mundo laboral y cómo el fenómeno de la incorporación de la mujer al mundo laboral se produce de modo paralelo a su incorporación al mundo del arte y a la valoración del arte textil. Revisaremos algunos ejemplos de las artistas que han empleado o emplean el lenguaje textil para expresarse en el terreno artístico como afirmación de su identidad femenina.
En segundo lugar, expondré los principales aspectos de mi propia investigación en el campo del arte textil, por medio de la técnica que denomino “Collage cosido”. Las obras realizadas con esta técnica tienen las características propias del collage ya que ensamblan distintos elementos, pero además se unen cosiéndolos. De este modo, puntada a puntada, se reproducen las líneas propias del dibujo. Así se aúnan las características de la pintura o dibujo tradicional con el arte contemporáneo y la expresión de la mujer desde la perspectiva de género.
This article consists essentially of two parts: the first part is a brief review of the role of women in society and in the textile art. In that, it is analyzed how the textile activity had a great influence in the incorporation of the woman in the labor world and how this phenomenon occurs in parallel to her incorporation into the world of art and the valuation of textile art. We will review some examples of artists who have used or use the textile language to express themselves in the artistic field as an affirmation of their feminine identity.In the second part, I will expose the main aspects of my own research in the field of textile art though the technique, I call “Sewn collage” the works made with this technique have the characteristic of the collage since they assemble different elements but also join them by stitch, the proper lines of the drawing are reproducer. The characteristic of the painting or traditional drawing are combined with the contemporary art andthe expression of the woman from the perspective of the gender.
Making Your Own Story of It
Authors: Füllner Niklas 
Published: May 2020

The paper discusses Oliver Frljić’s production of Klątwa(Engl.: “The Curse”) which is based on the play with the same title by Stanisław Wyspiański. Klątwapremiered in Teatr Powszechny in Warsaw on 18 February 2017 and created the biggest theatre scandal in the early theatre history in Poland as both the right-wing government and the right-wing movement in Poland regarded it as blasphemous and – unsuccessfully – tried to prevent further performances. In KlątwaOliver Frljić questions the understanding of historiography promoted by the Polish government that prefers to focus only on stories about heroes and he criticises both the abuse of power in the church and in the institutionalized theatre. The strategies of Oliver Frljić’s political theatre are analyzed in the light of Jacques Rancière’s thoughts about critical theatre. In Klątwa Frljić develops a theatre of dissensus in the sense of Rancière. He undertakes a “dissensual re-configuration”[1]of political theatre by changing the frames, by playing around and by questioning the means used in theatre. But Frljić also deviates from this strategy when he creates images on stage that convey meanings directly and simply. Yet, these images fit into Frljić’s strategy of questioning the official Polish historiography by deconstructing the symbols it is based on. Oliver Frljić’s theatre of emancipation, a theatre that believes in the potential of the spectator to emancipate him- or herself as suggested by Rancière in The Emancipated Spectator (Rancière 2009), manages to make visible authoritarian and undemocratic developments in Polish politics and to offer a critical approach to history in contrast to the one-sided view the Polish government tries to establish.
[1]Rancière 2010, p. 140.
Estimates of the Abundance of Cetaceans in the Central North Atlantic from the T-NASS Icelandic and Faroese Ship Surveys Conducted in 2007
Authors: Pike Daniel G. , Gunnlaugsson Thorvaldur , Mikkelsen Bjarni , Halldórsson Sverrir Daniel , Víkingsson Gísli , Acquarone Mario , Desportes Geneviève 
Published: May 2020

The Trans-North Atlantic Sightings Survey (T-NASS) carried out in June-July 2007 was the fifth in a series of large-scale cetacean surveys conducted previously in 1987, 1989, 1995 and 2001. The core survey area covered an area of about 1.8 million nm² spanning from the Eastern Barents Sea at 34°E to the east coast of Canada, and between 52°N and 78°N in the east and south to 42°N in the west. We present design-based abundance estimates from the Faroese and Icelandic vessel survey components of T-NASS, as well as results from ancillary vessels which covered adjoining areas. The 4 dedicated survey vessels used a Buckland-Turnock (B-T) mode with a tracker platform searching an area ahead of the primary platform and tracking sightings to provide data for bias correction. Both uncorrected estimates, using the combined non-duplicate sightings from both platforms, and mark-recapture estimates, correcting estimates from the primary platform for bias due to perception and availability, are presented for those species with a sufficient number of sightings. Corrected estimates for the core survey area are as follows: fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus): 30,777 (CV=0.19); humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae): 18,105 (CV=0.43); sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus): 12,268 (CV=0.33); long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas): 87,417 (CV=0.38); white-beaked dolphins (Lagenorhynchus albirostris): 91,277 (CV=0.53); and white-sided dolphins (L. acutus): 81,008 (CV=0.54). Uncorrected estimates only were possible for common minke whales (B. acutorstrata): 12,427 (CV=0.27); and sei whales (B. borealis): 5,159 (CV=0.47). Sighting rates from the ancillary vessels, which used a single platform, were lower than those from the dedicated vessels in areas where they overlapped. No evidence of responsive movement by any species was detected, but there was some indication that distance measurements by the primary platform may have been negatively biased. The significance of this for the abundance estimates is discussed. The relative merits of B-T over other survey modes are discussed and recommendations for future surveys are provided.
Assessment of Growth and Yield of Watermelon and Soil Physical Properties in Response to Different Tillage Methods
Authors: Baayim A. J. , Dapaah H. K. , Agyarko K. , Atakora K. , Kyere K. , Osei B. Y. , Boateng I. 
Published: May 2020

Field experiment was conducted to investigate the response of soil physical properties, crop growth, yield and yield components of watermelon to different tillage methods in the transitional zone of Ghana in a two year period. The tillage treatments used in the study were plough and harrowed (PH), minimum tillage (MT) and no tillage (NT) which was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block design (RCBD) with 3 three replications. The two field experiments were undertaken at the experimental site of the University of Education, College of Agriculture, Mampong-Ashanti, (7°08‘ N, 1°24‘ W )located within the transitional agro-ecological zone between the forest and Guinea Savannah zones characterized with two rainfall regimes with an annual rainfall of 1094.2 mm with 30°C temperature. The soil belongs to the Bediase series with ochrosol type formed from voltain sandstone and a pH between 5.5 to 6. The statistical analysis revealed that, tillage methods significantly affected soil physical properties particularly, total porosity, volumetric water content and bulk density. Also, tillage methods influenced crop growth, (number of leaves and vine length), yield and yield components of watermelon in the order of Plough and harrowed > Minimum tillage > No-Tillage in almost all the treatments. Accordingly, the ploughed and harrowed (PH) was found to be more appropriate and profitable tillage method to improving soil physical properties, crop growth, yield and yield components of watermelon in the forest-transitional of Ghana.
Calcium triggers the dissociation of myosin‐Va from ribosomes in ribonucleoprotein complexes
Authors: Canclini Lucía , Cal Karina , Bardier Camila , Ruiz Paul , Mercer John A. , Calliari Aldo 
Published: May 2020

The sorting of RNAs to specific regions of the cell for local translation represents an important mechanism directing protein distribution and cell compartmentalization. While significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms underlying the transport and localization of mRNAs, the mechanisms governing ribosome mobilization are less well understood. Ribosomes present in the cytoplasm of multiple cell types can form ribonucleoprotein complexes that also contain myosin‐Va (Myo5a), a processive, actin‐dependent molecular motor. Here, we report that Myo5a can be disassociated from ribosomes when ribonucleoprotein complexes are exposed to calcium, both in vitro and in vivo. We suggest that Myo5a may act as a molecular switch able to anchor or release ribosomes from the actin cytoskeleton in response to intracellular signaling.
Promiscuous activity of 3‐isopropylmalate dehydrogenase produced at physiological level affords Escherichia coli growth on d‐malate
Authors: Khan Mohammad Shahneawz , Gargiulo Serena , Soumillion Patrice 
Published: May 2020

Promiscuous activities of enzymes may serve as starting points for the evolution of new functions. However, most experimental examples of promiscuity affording an observable phenotype necessitate the artificial overexpression of the target enzyme. Here, we show that 3‐isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IPMDH), an enzyme involved in leucine biosynthesis, has a secondary activity on d‐malate, which is sufficient for d‐malate assimilation under physiological conditions where the enzyme is upregulated. In vitro, the turnover constant (kcat) of IPMDH for d‐malate is about 30‐fold lower than the kcat for 3‐isopropylmalate, yet sufficiently high to support the growth on d‐malate. From an evolutionary perspective, our results highlight the possibility of phenotype emergence triggered by arbitrary changes in environmental conditions and prior to any mutational event.
Variability of EGFR exon 20 insertions in 24 468 Chinese lung cancer patients and their divergent responses to EGFR inhibitors
Authors: Qin YanRu , Jian Hong , Tong Xiaoling , Wu Xue , Wang Fufeng , Shao Yang W. , Zhao Xinmin 
Published: May 2020

EGFR exon 20 insertions (EGFR e20ins) account for up to 10% of EGFR mutations in lung cancer; however, tumors with EGFR e20ins had poor response rates to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) including gefitinib, erlotinib, afatinib, and osimertinib, and the heterogeneity of EGFR e20ins further complicates the clinical studies. Here, we retrospectively screened next‐generation sequencing (NGS) data from 24 468 lung cancer patients, and a total of 85 unique EGFR e20ins variants were identified in 547 cases (2.24%), with p.A767_V769dup (25.1%) and p.S768_D770dup (17.6%) being the most prevalent ones. Comprehensive genomic profiling revealed that TP53 mutations frequently coexisted with p.H773dup (77.8%, P = 0.0558) and p.A767_V769dup (62.8%, P = 0.0325), while RB1 mutations usually co‐occurred with p.H773_V774insAH (33.3%, P = 0.0551), implying that different EGFR e20ins variants might require distinct genomic context for tumorigenesis and/or maintenance. Despite that treatment regimens were highly diverse for EGFR e20ins‐positive patients, we observed an overall response rate of 14% and a disease control rate (DCR) of 38.4% in 65 patients who received at least one EGFR TKI. The progression‐free survival (PFS) differs significantly in six representative EGFR e20ins variants (P = 0.017), and EGFR p.A763_Y764insFQEA was associated with better PFS than other EGFR e20ins when treating with various EGFR TKIs. Some EGFR e20ins variants showed at least partial response to first‐generation EGFR TKIs, including p.A767_V769dup, p.S768_D770dup, p.N771_H773dup, p.A763_Y764insFQEA, and p.D770_N771insG. Poziotinib achieved higher DCR for p.S768_D770dup than for p.A767_V769dup, whereas osimertinib showed limited effects for these two insertions when used as the first‐line treatment. Overall, our results demonstrated that EGFR e20ins were highly diversified in terms of insertion patterns and co‐occurring mutations and these EGFR e20ins variants showed different clinical responses to various EGFR TKIs, suggesting the clinical importance of selecting proper EGFR TKI treatment based on the specific EGFR e20ins type.
Retracted: Long non‐coding RNA PGM5‐AS1 promotes epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by impairing miR‐140‐5p‐mediated FBN1 inhibition
Authors: Liu Wei , Liu Pengcheng , Gao Hang , Wang Xu , Yan Ming 
Published: May 2020

Osteosarcoma is an uncommon tumor occurring in bone, accompanied by elevated incidence and reduced rate of healing. Epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) serves as a conceptual paradigm to explain the invasion and metastasis of osteosarcoma and other cancers. Hence, developing effective therapeutic strategy to treat the EMT of osteosarcoma is essential. Here, we identified the molecular mechanism of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) PGM5‐AS1 in EMT and progression of osteosarcoma. Microarray‐based analysis was employed to screen the osteosarcoma‐related differentially expressed lncRNAs. The levels of PGM5‐AS1 as well as microRNA‐140‐5p (miR‐140‐5p) and fibrillin‐1 (FBN1) in osteosarcoma tissues and cells were determined. Dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA pull‐down assay, and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were conducted to validate the relationship among PGM5‐AS1, miR‐140‐5p, and FBN1. Expression of PGM5‐AS1, miR‐140‐5p, and FBN1 was altered by overexpression, shRNA, mimic, or inhibitors in order to investigate how they regulated migration, invasion, and EMT of osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Loss‐ and gain‐of‐function approaches were employed in nude mice to detect their roles in tumorigenesis in vivo. Osteosarcoma tissues and cells exhibited low expression of miR‐140‐5p, but high expression of PGM5‐AS1 and FBN1. PGM5‐AS1 competitively bound to miR‐140‐5p to upregulate FBN1. Furthermore, hindering PGM5‐AS1 and FBN1 or overexpressing miR‐140‐5p dampened migration, invasion, and EMT of osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Furthermore, silencing PGM5‐AS1 or FBN1, or overexpressing miR‐140‐5p markedly inhibited tumorigenesis in nude mice in vivo. Taken together, PGM5‐AS1 depletion causes FBN1 reduction to retard osteosarcoma processes by negatively modulating miR‐140‐5p.
T follicular helper cells are elevated in a rat model of autoimmune myocarditis
Authors: Xue Qi , Ma Yuan , Wang Lihong , Shao Hong 
Published: May 2020

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium that is associated with immune dysfunction. Earlier studies have suggested that T helper 1/2 cell imbalance plays an important role in the development of myocarditis, but the role of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in the development of autoimmune myocarditis has not previously been reported. Here, we investigated this involvement by using a rat model of experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). Inflammatory cell infiltration, myocardial structure destruction and tissue necrosis were observed in EAM myocardial tissues, and the percentages of CD4+CXCR5+ Tfh cells and CD19+ B cells were both significantly higher in spleen and myocardial tissues of the EAM model as compared with the control group. Furthermore, the expression levels of interleukin‐21, CXCL13 and myosin antibody were significantly higher in the serum of rats with EAM compared with the control group on days 14 and 35 after immunization. Fourteen or 35 days after immunization, the expression levels of interleukin‐21 and CXCL13 were both significantly higher in myocardial tissues of rats with EAM as compared with the control group. Our findings suggest that Tfh cell balance is disrupted during the pathological process of autoimmune myocarditis.
Bacterial Cell Division
Authors: Natale Paolo , Vicente Miguel 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Escherichia coli
assembles a contractile ring, the divisome, in its envelope at the middle of its length exactly when it is needed for division. Its main component, FtsZ, is a cytoplasmic protein lacking the ability to be positioned by itself in the membrane. Additional proteins regulate either the action, the positioning or the stability of FtsZ by interacting with a unique region called the FtsZ ‘central hub’. The assembly of the divisome is initiated by a proto‐ring, in which ZipA and FtsA are two proteins that use the central hub for attaching FtsZ to the membrane. Polymerisation of FtsZ is blocked at the poles by the MinCDE proteins and also prevented by SlmA to occur at places adjacent to the nucleoid. After nucleoid segregation, the divisome becomes functional at midcell where it triggers invagination of the membrane and the production of septal peptidoglycan, leading ultimately to an efficient cell division.

Key Concepts

Division depends on a cytoskeletal element (FtsZ ring) that functions as a scaffold to recruit additional division proteins.

Spatial regulation of the FtsZ‐ring placement involves positioning inhibitors of FtsZ in the cell to prevent FtsZ polymers from assembling at the poles or across unsegregated nucleoids.

Several complexes that effect the division process localise at specific places of the cell at precise moments after growth and nucleoid segregation.

The interactions of FtsZ, a cytoplasmic protein, with the proto‐ring anchors, FtsA and ZipA, serve to associate it to the cytoplasmic membrane forming the proto‐ring, the initial precursor of the division machinery.

The central hub of FtsZ is key to the action of the FtsZ regulatory proteins FtsA, FtsE, FtsX, ZipA, ZapC, ZapD, MinC, SlmA and ClpX.

The Min proteins generate an oscillatory pattern in artificial systems, and FtsZ filaments can form rings when attached to a lipid bilayer that has a cylindrical shape.

PBP3‐independent peptidoglycan synthesis (PIPS) prior to the production of septal peptidoglycan directly connects cytoplasmic division proteins with peptidoglycan synthesis in the bacterial periplasm.
Piezophiles
Authors: Yayanos Aristides 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOrganisms functioning best at high pressures are known as piezophiles. Piezophilic microorganisms, the main topic here, have a growth rate (k) maximum at high pressure, are prominent inhabitants of the cold ocean and found in warmer high pressure regions such as the deep waters of the Mediterranean and Sulu Seas, deep‐sea hydrothermal vent environments, the depths of sea floor sediments and the subsurface of continents. APTk‐diagram shows values of k of a microorganism as a function of temperature (T) and pressure (P) either on a 3‐D surface or as isopleths on a 2‐D contour map and allows for comparing organisms from habitats of disparate temperatures and pressures. Laboratory studies of piezophilic eukaryotic organisms from the abyssal and hadal ocean are rare. At the present time, research on piezophilic prokaryotes offers the best opportunity for discovering adaptations for life in the deep sea, in deep‐earth environments and in extraterrestrial settings.Key ConceptsPressure is a force per unit area and at any given point in a fluid at rest is equal in every direction.High‐pressure habitats are found in the deep sea, beneath the sea floor and in the depths of continents.Collecting living organisms from extreme high‐pressure habitats requires specialised equipment.Laboratory study of organisms from high‐pressure habitats also requires specialised equipment.Temperature and pressure are two of the essential coordinate variables for describing a habitat or environment.
Antiviral Drugs
Authors: Oxford John S , Oxford Juliette R 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAntiviral drugs have now been developed against infections caused by influenza, herpes, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C and hepatitis B viruses. Drug resistance is a practical problem and is stimulating the wider search for new drugs using compound libraries, molecular technology and particularly X‐ray crystallography. Drug combinations are used to treat people living with HIV to reduce the opportunities for virus mutations. The threat of a global influenza pandemic has led to government stockpiling of anti‐influenza drugs. A new influenza drug inhibiting a stage of the RNA replicase has clinical activity. Epidemic HIV and hepatitis C are targeted for enhanced control by antiviral drugs during the next decade. Rapid diagnostic tests and quantitation of virus RNA or DNA are key factors to monitor for drug efficacy and resistance.Key ConceptsThe use of combination therapy against hepatitis B and C, HIV and influenza with more than one antiviral drug, each with a differing mode of action, to reduce the chance of emergence of drug resistance.Some newer antivirals inhibit members of more than one family, for example reverse transcriptase inhibitors against hepatitis B and HIV, but a broad antiviral spectrum activity is still rare.Potentially new target viruses are emerging such as SARS‐CoV, MERS‐CoV, Zika virus and Ebola. Climate change could enable mosquito‐borne Zika virus to spread more widely.Influenza A remains a global threat, and pandemics can emerge from avian reservoirs of migrating geese and ducks quite rapidly. This has led to stockpiling of anti‐influenza drugs.The absence of either HIV or hepatitis C vaccines continues to stimulate the search for more effective antiviral drugs.Drug combinations of Directly Acting Antivirals (DAA) for hepatitis C and drugs for monotherapy to treat hepatitis B are being discovered and used in clinical practice very rapidly.New public health initiatives in the United States aim to use DAA alongside rapid diagnostics and molecular quantification of virus replication to control epidemic HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C by the year 2030.