bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimizing the Consumption of Stretch Film for Wrapping Cylindrical Baled Silage Using the IntelliWrap Method
Authors: Stankiewicz Anna 
Published: August 2020

HighlightsA complete mathematical model describes stretch film consumption for wrapping round bales using IntelliWrap.An algorithm is presented for optimal, in the sense of minimal, film usage based on film width selection.A solution is presented for selecting the optimal width of commercially available film.Optimal film width guarantees up to 10% savings in film usage, especially for not more than ten film layers.Abstract. The new IntelliWrap method is considered for wrapping round bales of agricultural materials using two different widths for the contact area between adjacent film strips for the bottom and upper film layers. A complete mathematical model describing the consumption of film for round bale wrapping is derived, which captures bale and film dimensions, the mechanical properties of the film as described by Poisson’s ratio and the unit deformation, the overlaps between adjacent film strips, and the numbers of bottom and upper film layers. The surface area of the film used to wrap the bale is used as a measure of film usage. To reduce film usage and protect the environment, the problem of achieving optimal, in the sense of minimal, film usage is mathematically formulated and solved. The original continuous optimization problem with a non-continuous goal function is reduced to solving two simpler integer programming tasks. An algorithm for selection of the optimal film width is proposed and numerically verified. If the common 50%, 66.7%, and 75% overlaps are used and the film width is optimal, then minimal film usage is achieved regardless of the composition of the bottom and upper film layers. In addition, the problem of choosing the best commercially available film width to guarantee minimal film usage is stated and solved. However, only near-optimal film usage is achieved for appropriately selected, commercially available film widths. Results of numerical experiments demonstrate that the relative errors for such approximations of minimal film usage do not exceed 0.1%, while inappropriate selection of the film width may result in increased film usage with almost 10% relative error, which indicates that up to 10% film cost savings can be achieved when the film width is optimally selected according to the proposed approach, especially when the number of layers is not more than ten. Keywords: Baled silage, Mathematical model, Mixed wrapping, Optimization, Stretch film consumption.
Three-dimensional structure modeling of a protease from lactic acid bacteria Leuconostoc mesenteroides K7 using automated protein homology analysis
Authors: HIdayat Habibi , Haryadi Winarto , RAHARJO TRI JOKO 
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Hidayat H, Haryadi W, Raharjo TJ. 2020. Three-dimensional structure modeling of a protease from lactic acid bacteria Leuconostoc mesenteroides K7 using automated protein homology analysis. Biodiversitas 21: 3156-3162. This study aimed to characterize the protease encoding gene of Leuconostoc mesenteroides K7 isolated from Kelengkeng (Dimocarpus longan) fruit as well as to predict the structure of the protein using in silico approach. Gene characterization was performed using PCR employs primers designed based on protease gene of other Leuconostoc species, followed by cloning and sequencing of the PCR product. Protein structural modeling was targeted to the deduced amino acid sequence of the gene employ multiple sequence alignment and SWISS-Model online software. As a result, the sequence of the PCR product contains an open reading frame with a size of 1,140 bp, which can be translated into 379 amino acids. The amino acid sequence shares 98.60% identity with protease from Leuconostoc suionicum (AP017935.1). Three conserved sequences of QTDA, INPGNSGGPL, and FAIP are known as the signature from the Serine endoprotease DegS family are detected. The three-dimensional modeling structure application shows that the protein share similarity of 37.62% to Protease Do-like I chloroplastic that belong to serine protease.
Short Communication: Antibacterial effect of red betel (Piper crocatum) extract in combination with vancomycin against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Hartini Yustina Sri , Nugroho Laurentius Hartanto 
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Hartini YS, Nugroho LH. 2020. Short Communication: Antibacterial effect of red betel (Piper crocatum) extract in combination with vancomycin against Staphylococcus aureus. Biodiversitas 21: 3271-3274. The occurrence of bacterial resistance to a single antimicrobial compound has prompted the search for antimicrobials in the form of compound combinations. The current study was performed to show the antibacterial effect of red betel (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.) in combination with vancomycin against Staphylococcus aureus. The combination of the antibacterial compounds from plant with the antibacterial drug was expected to increase antibacterial activity resulted in the reduction of resistance. The interaction effect of extract and antibiotic combination was performed using the microdilution checkerboard method. The combination of red betel extract with vancomycin showed significantly (p < 0.05) greater inhibition growth of S. aureus compared to red betel or vancomycin alone. The addition of red betel extract to vancomycin reduced Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) vancomycin to be a-4 fold reduction against S. aureus. There was a synergistic effect of the red betel extract in combination with vancomycin against S. aureus. It is the potential result for future research on the infectious treatment of S. aureus resistant to vancomycin.
Short Communication: Erythrocytes and leukocytes profiles of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) at conservation site
Authors: Satyaningtijas Aryani Sismin , INDRAWATI AGUSTIN , SYARAFINA RIZKA F. , MILANI TALITA F. , SURYAPUTRA M. , SALEEMA AINUL KHADIJA , HANADHITA DESRAYNI 
Published: August 2020

Abstract. Satyaningtijas AS, Indrawati A, Syarafina RF, Milani TF, Saleema AK. 2020. Short Communication: Erythrocytes and leukocytes profiles of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) at conservation site. Biodiversitas 21: 3359-3363. Health monitoring of dolphins to ensure optimal welfare in human care is important. This study measured erythrocytes and leukocytes in seven bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) as a parameter to assess physiological status in PT. Wersut Seguni Indonesia (WSI) Marine Mammals Conservation. Blood was sampled through the superficial veins of each tail fin for examination of erythrocytes and leukocytes using hemocytometer method. Differential leukocytes were observed using thin blood smears stained by Giemza. The purpose of this study to collect hematological value of captive bottlenose dolphins. The results showed values of erythrocytes was (5.14±0.56) x 106/mm3, (13.86±1.68) gr/dl for hemoglobin, and (44.29±2.69)% for hematocrit. The value for leukocytes were (4.2 ± 0,82) x 103/mm3 , 63.14 ± 9.77% for lymphocytes, 3.57 ± 1.72% for monocytes, 31.57 ± 8.43% for neutrophils, 1.29 ± 1.60% for eosinophils and 0.14 ± 0.38% for basophils. The average of the seven bottlenose dolphins Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio (N/L) was 0.53.
Real-time jitter correction in a photonic analog-to-digital converter
Authors: Olson Joshua , Perlmutter David S. , DeVore Peter T. S. , Chou Jason T. 
Published: August 2020

A real-time jitter meter is used to measure and digitally sample the pulse-to-pulse timing error in a laser pulse train. The jitter meter is self-referenced using a single-pulse delay line interferometer and measures timing jitter using optical heterodyne detection between two frequency channels of the pulse train. Jitter sensitivity down to

3
×

10

−
10

f
s

2

/

H
z

at 500 MHz has been demonstrated with a pulse-to-pulse noise floor of 1.6 fs. As a proof of principle, the digital correction of the output of a high-frequency photonic analog-to-digital converter (PADC) is demonstrated with an emulated jitter signal. Up to 23 dB of jitter correction, down to the noise floor of the PADC, is accomplished with radio-frequency modulation up to 40 GHz.
Enhancing the long-term stability of dissipative Kerr soliton microcomb
Authors: Geng Yong , Cui Wenwen , Sun Jingwen , Chen Xinxin , Yin Xiaojie , Deng Guangwei , Zhou Qiang , Zhou Heng 
Published: August 2020

A temporal dissipative Kerr soliton (DKS) frequency comb can be generated in an optical micro-cavity relying on the rigid balance between cavity decay (dispersion) and parametric gain (nonlinear phase modulation) induced by an intense pump laser. In practice, to maintain such delicate double balances experienced by the intracavity soliton pulses, it requires precise control of the pump laser frequency and power, as well as the micro-cavity parameters. However, to date there still lacks experimental demonstration that simultaneously stabilizes all these key parameters to enhance the long-term DKS stability. Here, we demonstrate continuous working of a on-chip DKS microcomb for a record-breaking 14 days without showing any sign of breakdown. Such improved microcomb stability is enabled mainly by robust pump power coupling to the micro-cavity utilizing packaged planar-lightwave-circuit mode converters, and faithful locking of the pump frequency detuning via an auxiliary laser heating method. In addition to superior stability, the demonstrated DKS microcomb system also achieves favorable compactness, with all the accessory modules being assembled into a standard 4U case. We hope that our demonstration could prompt the practical utilization of Kerr microcombs in real-world applications.
2 λ switch
Authors: Khope Akhilesh S. P. , Liu Songtao , Zhang Zeyu , Netherton Andrew M. , Hwang Rebecca L. , Wissing Aaron , Perez Jesus , Tang Franklin , Schow Clint , Helkey Roger , Alferness Rod C. , Saleh Adel A. M. , Bowers John E. 
Published: August 2020

We demonstrate an elastic multi-wavelength selective switch with up to two wavelength switching capability per crosspoint. We fabricated the switch in a silicon photonics foundry and demonstrated a 17 nm tuning range for ring resonators, with a mean path loss of 2.43 dB. This is a 70% reduction in path loss as compared to previous generations, and we demonstrate a high-speed pulse-amplitude-modulation-4 transmission at 111 Gbps through different paths of the switch.
High absorption large-mode area step-index fiber for tandem-pumped high-brightness high-power lasers
Authors: Lim Kang-Jie , Kai-Wen Seah Samuel , Yong’En Ye Joash , Lim Wendy Weiying , Seah Chu-Perng , Tan Yunn-Boon , Tan Suting , Lim Huiting , Sidharthan Raghuraman , Prasadh Arumugam Rajendra , Chang Chen-Jian , Yoo Seongwoo , Chua Song-Liang 
Published: August 2020

A short absorption length ytterbium (Yb)-doped large-mode area (LMA) fiber is presented as a step forward to mitigate the stern problem of nonlinear scatterings in a tandem pumping scheme adopted for high-power fiber laser. The short absorption length was realized by incorporating high Yb concentration in the fiber core. Furthermore, by replacing the inherent silica cladding with a Ge-doped cladding, we were able to obtain low core numerical aperture (NA) and negate the detrimental effect of index-raising by high Yb concentrations. This overcomes the long-standing limitation in step-index Yb-doped fibers (YDFs) where high cladding absorption inevitably results in high NA, thus hampering single-mode operation. We report an LMA (

∼
575

μm

2

) YDF with NA of 0.04 and absorption of 27 dB/m at 976 nm—both traits promote power scaling of single-mode tandem pumped fiber lasers. To our knowledge, this is the highest cladding absorption attained in a low-NA step-index fiber to date. An all-fiber tandem-pumped amplifier was built using only

∼
14

m

of the YDF. The amplifier delivered a near-Gaussian beam (

M
2

∼
1.27

) at 836 W output power (pump power limited) with a high slope efficiency of

∼
83
%

. Thanks to the short length and the tandem pumping, no indication of limiting factors such as stimulated Raman scattering, photodarkening, and transverse mode instability was observed.
RECRUITMENT PATTERN OF JUVENILE FISHES INTO PAMI RIVER ESTUARY (WEST PAPUA, INDONESIA
Authors: Suharti Sasanti R. , Sugeha Hagi Yulia 
Published: August 2020

Recruitment pattern of juvenile fishes into Pami River estuary, West Papua, Indonesia (S 00.80970, E.134.06050), was studied from July to October 2005. The study purposes were 1) to observe fish diversity in family level, 2) to observe fish abundance of each family, 3) to observe recruitment pattern related to abundance and tidal rhythm. Samples were collected using line transect method and identification procedure were done based on morphological characteristics. A total of 19 Families were identified, namely Acanthuridae, Ambassidae, Anguillidae, Apogonidae, Carangidae, Chlopsidae, Clupeidae, Congeridae, Elopidae, Engraulidae, Gerreidae, Gobiidae, Mugillidae, Platycephalidae, Callyonimidae, Siganidae, Syngnathidae, Terapontidae, Tetraodontidae. Fishes composition varied each month. Family of Gobiidae was the most dominant juvenile fishes recruiting during this study with 32%, 69.5%, 84.3%, 71.3%, respectively. Other 8 families (Ambassidae, Engraulidae, Elopidae, Chlopsidae , Siganidae, Syngnathidae, Congeridae , and Callyonimidae) had the lowest composition varied from 0.4% to 3.2%. Three different patterns in abundance during the recruitment time of juvenile fishes, 1) early night (18.00-21.00) was represented by Ambassidae, Chlopsidae, Clupeidae, Gerreidae, Terapontidae, 2) mid-night (22.00-01.00) was represented by Callyonimidae, Congeridae, Engraulidae, Mugilidae, Platycephalidae, Tetraodontidae, and 3) late night (02.00-05.00) represented by Acanthuridae, Apogonidae, Carangidae, Elopidae, Gobiidae, Siganidae, Syngnathidae. However, the peak of abundance occurred at late night (>50 specimens caught), and recruitment pattern of all juvenile fishes has been associated with tidal rhythm.
Palimpsestic Tales: Hidden “Histories” of Resistance, Militarization, and Disenfranchisement of the Women of Eritrea
Authors: Iyob Ruth 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe “history” of the women of Eritrea is a composite of images and narratives that presents them as symbols of the land viewed through the lenses of colonial writers, anticolonial activists, and postcolonial nationalists. These portrayals have tended to deflect a deeper understanding of their lived histories, distorting their actual experiences under colonial rule (1890-1941), during the decolonization period (1941-51), and the era of Ethiopian rule (1952-91). In both the colonial and postcolonial periods, the images constructed by ruling elites mask the harsh realities of women’s unmet aspirations of democratic citizenship, justice, and equality under the law, a tendency that has continued since the country’s independence in 1993 through the palimpsestic gendered narratives of elites in the nation and diaspora. This article challenges these iconic remembrances to reconstruct the lived historical experiences of the multiethnic, multireligious, and multifaceted women of Eritrea.
The Impact of European Christian Imagery on Contemporary Orthodox Tewahedo Iconography in Eritrea
Authors: Tewelde Yonatan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This article addresses the impact of modern European Christian imagery on the visual culture of the Orthodox Tewahedo Church of Eritrea, which has a long history of using illuminated manuscripts, paintings, and crosses as essential elements of worship and prayer. Tewahedo icons are characterized by brown- and black-skinned Christian figures and indigenized settings that narrate Evangelical and monastic scripture for devotees. This study highlights the domination of European white imagery in liturgical spheres in Eritrea and assesses the impact on the semiotic composition of locally produced paintings. Further, nuanced codes of race and skin color are analyzed in relation to connotations of good and evil. The semiotic analysis in this article also shows that European influences are more prevalent in religious paintings that depict recognized saints in Catholic Europe, in comparison to images of local monastic saints, whose depiction continues to mirror the visual metaphors and local myths of the Tigrinya people.
La violencia verbal en el aula: análisis del macroacto de amenaza
Authors: Castañeda Rojas Giovanny 
Published: August 2020

Este artículo presenta algunos resultados de la investigación titulada “La relación entre violencia verbal y descortesía en las interacciones profesor-estudiante en el contexto escolar y su incidencia en la imagen social del sujeto”, la cual se desarrolló en la Maestría en Pedagogía de la Lengua Materna, de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. Específicamente, abordamos el estudio de la amenaza como un acto de habla descortés que el estudiante percibe como agresivo y portador de violencia y que contribuye a deteriorar la imagen social de los interlocutores. Desde el punto de vista conceptual, la investigación parte de: planteamientos teóricos sobre la interacción social (Goffman, 1970); estudios recientes sobre la descortesía en español por parte del grupo Estudios sobre el Discurso de la Cortesía en Español (EDICE), específicamente de los trabajos de la investigadora española Diana Bravo; la teoría sobre los actos de habla (Searle, 1980), la conversación (Grice, 1975), la interacción verbal (Vion, 2000), la cortesía (Brown y Levinson, 1987), y de investigaciones sobre la violencia contra los niños y niñas en diferentes contextos. Desde el punto de vista metodológico, el trabajo se inscribe en el paradigma interpretativo-analítico, enfoque cualitativo etnográfico, y su diseño se fundamenta en la investigación acción. Estas decisiones metodológicas permitieron diseñar y aplicar instrumentos para ampliar el conocimiento del contexto en el cual se desarrolló la investigación, realizar el trabajo de campo, así como describir, analizar e interpretar una situación social particular: aquellos intercambios verbales entre el profesor y los estudiantes en el contexto escolar que se caracterizaban por la descortesía y violencia.
Concepciones y prácticas de los profesores sobre la evaluación de la oralidad
Authors: Pinilla Vásquez Raquel , Rodríguez Luna María Elvira , Gutiérrez Ríos Yolima , Torres María Fernanda , Camelo Martha Judith , Casjulia Julia Esther 
Published: August 2020

El artículo presenta los resultados finales de la investigación “Evaluar lo oral para cualificar las prácticas de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la lengua materna”, cuyo objetivo central es identificar aspectos comunes con respecto a la evaluación de la lengua oral, específicamente en lo que se refiere a: ¿qué se evalúa?, ¿por qué y para qué?, ¿cómo se evalúa? y ¿con qué instrumentos? Se trata de una investigación de carácter interpretativo que permite analizar las concepciones y las prácticas de enseñanza y de evaluación de la lengua oral en instituciones de educación secundaria ubicadas en Bogotá D. C. Los resultados señalan los avances y limitaciones enla formación de docentes, indican las competencias docentes que requieren cualificación y, a su vez, aportan herramientas conceptuales y prácticas que posibilitan la adecuada recontextualización de los avances logrados por las ciencias del lenguaje y la pedagogía.
Escritura en el primer ciclo: entre concepciones y representaciones sociales
Authors: Ruiz Gómez Andrea 
Published: August 2020

La enseñanza de la escritura durante el primer ciclo favorece las prácticas centradas en aspectos perceptivos, motrices y prescriptivos. Estas prácticas están sustentadas en concepciones de escritura de los docentes que no se investigan ni se transforman. Tampoco se reconocen las representaciones sociales que sobre la escritura construyen los niños. Este artículo se propone dar cuenta de las concepciones de escritura de los docentes y de las representaciones sociales de escritura de niños de primer ciclo, encontradas en la investigación “La construcción de la escritura en el primer ciclo: entre las concepciones de los docentes y las representaciones sociales de los niños”, desarrollada en tres colegios de Bogotá, a partir del diseño metodológico de la teoría fundamentada
Perspectivas humanística y técnica acerca de la pedagogía: un énfasis en el currículo y la evaluación de lenguas extranjeras
Authors: Quintero Polo Álvaro H. 
Published: August 2020

Este artículo tiene el propósito de contribuir a la comprensión de la pedagogía como una práctica de saberes en ámbitos de la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras. Dentro de una concepción contemporánea de la pedagogía, se hace un énfasis en dos de sus componentes: currículo y evaluación. Con el fin de lograr tal propósito, se propone la pregunta: ¿En qué radica el distanciamiento entre lo técnico y lo humanístico en la pedagogía de las lenguas extranjeras? Esta pregunta guía la presentación de una transición personal desde modelos instruccionales tradicionales hacia modelos pedagógicos alternativos; así mismo, se da a conocer el análisis de algunas tensiones entre los enfoques humanístico y técnico para la pedagogía de las lenguas extranjeras. El balance entre teoría y práctica en este artículo está dado por una reflexión teórica sobre una literatura especializada y el reporte de una experiencia académica práctica acerca de los estudios a menor escala de unos docentes en ejercicio, quienes a la vez son estudiantes de posgrado. Estos estudios se relacionan con la evaluación como una actividad curricular que incluye la toma sustentada de decisiones.
Los nuevos espacios de la representación artística. Otros frentes, otras fronteras
Authors: Fajardo Fajardo Carlos 
Published: August 2020

El arte actual se encuentra en los umbrales. Mira hacia el pasado y encuentra todavía, en las representaciones, formas y estructuras, algunas de sus fuentes; pero también se asoma a territorios supuestamente liberados de conceptos estéticos modernos. Este acontecimiento ha sacudido las fronteras de la estética y de la teoría de las artes, lo cual exige que se emprenda un trabajo de exploración sobre las nuevas condiciones de un arte que expande los límites y las fronteras de sus representaciones emblemáticas. Estamos ante un arte y una estética que procesan nuevos códigos, guiones, métodos, objetivos y otras concepciones de sensibilidad, memoria, lo cual nos impone difíciles retos y desafíos teóricos. El siguiente artículo es un aporte al conocimiento y a la interpretación de las diferentes formas de representación que se manifiestan en el arte de la era global, y cómo estas mutaciones impactan en la manera de interactuar con el arte.
Del enfoque por tareas a la perspectiva co-accional
Authors: Puren Christian 
Published: August 2020

Se presenta una comparación entre “enfoque por tareas”, como lo desarrollaron los didactas anglo-sajones dentro del enfoque comunicativo, y la “perspectiva accional” del reciente Marco europeo común de referencia del Consejo de Europa (2001). Interesa distinguir entre tareas (de aprendizaje) y acciones (sociales, fuera del aula), y mantener el concepto de “tarea” en el nivel de abstracción transmetodológico–, pues permite distinguir entre diferentes “orientaciones” posibles de las tareas. Por ello, es necesario mantener el concepto de “perspectiva accional” del Consejo de Europa, el de “representación de la relación entre tarea y acción”, ya que las metodologías tuvieron en el pasado su propia “perspectiva accional”. Finalmente, se designa dicha perspectiva con el nombre de “perspectiva co-accional”: su implicación más original consiste en otorgar un privilegio a las tareas encaminadas a la preparación en clase de acciones colectivas con finalidad social.