bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of radiologists, nonradiologists, and laypeople for identifying children with cerebral cortical atrophy from “Mercator map” curved reconstructions of MRIs of the brain
Authors: Chacko Anith , Vedajallam Schadie , Andronikou Savvas , Simpson Ewan , Thai Ngoc Jade 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground: Using text reports to communicate bilateral, symmetric, and zonal cortical brain atrophy in children with term hypoxic ischemic injury (HII) to parents and legal professionals contesting compensation rights can be difficult. Using standard cross-sectional images for explaining bilateral, regional brain imaging to laypeople is also challenging. A single flattened image of the brain surface, much like a map of the earth is derived from a globe, can be generated from curved reconstruction of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, i.e., a Mercator map. Laypeople’s ability to identify abnormal “Mercator brain maps,” without prior training, requires evaluation before use in nonmedical settings. Aim: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of laypeople in detecting abnormal pediatric Mercator flat-earth maps of the brain, without prior training. Methods and Materials: 10 Mercator brain maps were provided to 111 participants individually. The maps comprised 5 HII, 1 cortical dysplasia, and 4 normal cases. Participants were required to identify the abnormal scans. Sensitivity and specificity overall and for participants’ subgroups were calculated. Results: Overall sensitivity and specificity were 67% and 80%, respectively. General radiologists (n = 12) had sensitivity and specificity of 91.2% and 94.6%, respectively. Laypeople (n = 54) had a sensitivity of 67% and specificity of 80%. Conclusion: The high specificity and sensitivity of radiologists validated the technique for distinguishing abnormal scans, regarding cortical pathology. High specificity of laypeople for identifying abnormal brains using Mercator maps indicates that this is a viable communication tool for demonstrating cortical MRI abnormalities of HII in children to laypersons.
Signal processing for in situ detection of effective heat pulse probe spacing radius as the basis of a self-calibrating heat pulse probe
Authors: Kinar Nicholas J. , Pomeroy John W. , Si Bing 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. A sensor comprised of an electronic circuit and a hybrid single and dual heat pulse probe was constructed and tested along with a novel signal
processing procedure to determine changes in the effective dual-probe spacing radius over the time of measurement. The circuit utilized
a proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller to control heat inputs into the soil medium in lieu of a variable resistor. The system was
designed for onboard signal processing and implemented USB, RS-232, and SDI-12 interfaces for machine-to-machine (M2M) exchange of data, thereby
enabling heat inputs to be adjusted to soil conditions and data availability shortly after the time of experiment. Signal processing was introduced
to provide a simplified single-probe model to determine thermal conductivity instead of reliance on late-time logarithmic curve fitting. Homomorphic
and derivative filters were used with a dual-probe model to detect changes in the effective probe spacing radius over the time of experiment to
compensate for physical changes in radius as well as model and experimental error. Theoretical constraints were developed for an efficient inverse
of the exponential integral on an embedded system. Application of the signal processing to experiments on sand and peat improved the estimates of
soil water content and bulk density compared to methods of curve fitting nominally used for heat pulse probe experiments. Applications of the
technology may be especially useful for soil and environmental conditions under which effective changes in probe spacing radius need to be detected and
compensated for over the time of experiment.
Comics in the Arab world. Birth and spread of a new literary genre
Authors: De Blasio Emanuela 
Published: July 2020

The research focuses on the birth and development of the comics, a new literary genre in the Arab world. The paper takes into account the dynamics of the advent of comics in the first Arab countries until to our days when comics began to appeal to an adult audience, sometimes taking inspiration from material from the West, sometimes referring to traditional elements of Arab culture.
With the advent of the Arab revolutions, this genre has become more widespread and has also been used by artists to express dissent and criticism. Following the fall of dictatorial regimes in some Arab countries, the power of censorship has diminished; this has allowed the proliferation of different types of comics, also thanks to the fundamental role of social networks and the Internet.
Through the examination of comics in the Arab world it is possible to shed light on a new literary genre and it is possible to trace the lines of the evolution of its themes and language.
Associação da capacidade funcional com nível de exercício físico de idosos
Authors: Neves Thiago , Silva Laudyceia Mioto , Pereira Anna Carolina Daltro , Regis Juari José 
Published: July 2020

Introdução: O envelhecimento aliado ao sedentarismo tem como consequência, a diminuição do desempenho motor na realização das atividades da vida diária (AVD). Objetivo: Associar a capacidade funcional com o nível de exercício físico de idosos, participantes de um grupo de convivência da cidade de Diamantino, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 94 idosos (≥ 60 anos) participantes de um grupo de convivência da cidade de Diamantino, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Utilizou-se um questionário para coletar informações sobre perfil sociodemográfico, comportamentais, condições de saúde física, nível de exercício físico (EF), além dos instrumentos que que mediram as atividades básicas (ABVD) e instrumentais (AIVD) da vida diária. O teste Qui-quadrado foi utilizado para analisar a associação dos níveis de EF com as ABVD e AIVD.Resultados: A média de idade foi de 69,16±7,59 anos, com o IMC elevado, classificando-os com excesso de peso. Houve maior predominância de mulheres, viúvas, mulatas/caboclas/pardas, baixa escolaridade e renda, com problemas cardiovasculares evidentes. Encontrou-se idosos com níveis insuficientes de EF (20,2%). O nível satisfatório de exercícios físicos foi associado com as AIVD, mas não com as ABVD. Conclusão: Ao avaliar a capacidade funcional e o estilo de vida dos idosos, pode-se buscar e planejar estratégias que retardem o aparecimento das incapacidades, e viabilizem a reabilitação quando estas forem detectadas. Além de estimular a prática de EF que atinja os níveis aceitáveis e consequentemente influencie na qualidade de vida dos idosos.
Dairy Farms Biosecurity to Protect against Infectious Diseases and Antibiotics Overuse
Authors: Baraitareanu Stelian , Vidu Livia 
Published: July 2020

Biosecurity is a key element in the battle against antibiotic resistance. The goals of biosecurity are focused not only on the reduction or prevention of the introduction of new diseases from outside sources but also on the reduction or prevention of the movement of infectious diseases on the farm. In this regard, the use of antibiotics can be reduced by simple actions such as physically inspecting animals, testing for bovine diseases, vaccination, or quarantine for at least 3 weeks before mixing with the herd of all new additions. All these examples reduce the risk of diseases with germs from outside. This chapter attempts to synthesize the best biosecurity solutions that can be applied in modern dairy farms.
Pasado y presente de la orientación en Venezuela. Influencia española
Authors: Boronat Mundina Julia , Molina Contreras Denyzluz 
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEste artículo contempla el origen, desarrollo y situación actual de la orientación en un país latinoamericano: Venezuela. Cabe destacar la profunda influencia española en dos momentos muy significativos: El primero, contextualizado en la tercera década del siglo XX, cuando prestigiosos profesores españoles dejaron sentir su influencia en el campo educativo, incidiendo en la necesidad de contempla rla orientación profesional en este ámbito; el segundo, más reciente, en los años noventa, cuando el Ministerio de Educación de Venezuela toma como referente la Reforma educativa (LOGSE, 1990),ocupando la orientación escolar una presencia real y progresiva en su normativa, aplicada en los tres niveles curriculares, la formación de valores y los temas transversales.ABSTRACTThis paper deals with the origin, development, and present situation of guidance in a Latin-American country: Venezuela. It is possible to point out the deep Spanish influence in two moments of significant changes. One during the second decade of the XXth century, when prestigious Spanish professors showed their influence in the educational field, by incorporating vocational guidance. The other one, more recent, during the nineties, when the Venezuelan educational system takes our reform (LOGSE, 1990) as reference, having school guidance a real and progressive presence in the three levels of the Venezuelan curriculum, in the values education and in the transversal subjects.
Un análisis de la orientación profesional desde la tecnoética educativa
Authors: Cortés Pascual Pilar Alejandra 
Published: July 2020

RESUMENLa orientación profesional hay que situarla en un contexto sociohistórico concreto que actualmente se caracteriza por la Sociedad de la Información. Desde aquí, nos planteamos que un contenido relativo a la orientación profesional ha ser la comprensión de un análisis ético de las tecnologías y los medios de comunicación, a los que se ha de enfrentar un sujeto en su desarrollo profesional. Esta idea se concretiza en el concepto de tecnoética educativa, y se aborda desde dos parámetros: los valores intrínsecos que incluyen las tecnologías y los medios de comunicación (fin de la tecnoética), y uso de éstos como mediadores de los valores éticos (medio de la tecnoética). Desde ambos sentidos se presenta concisamente la propuesta que se implementa en la actualidad mediante el proyecto Laboratorio de Observación sobre Tecnoética para Adultos (LOTA) y sus implicaciones en la orienta-ción profesional.ABSTRACTCareer Guidance should be set within a specific socio-historical context, which is nowadays characterized by the Society of Information. From this starting point, we think that the understanding of bothan ethical analysis of technology as well as of the means of communication, which individuals will have to deal with in their professional development, must be considered as a content linked to career guidance. This idea becomes more definite in the concept of educational technoethics and it is studied from two parameters: the intrinsic values that technology and the mass-media include (the aim of technoethics) and their use as mediators of ethical values (means of technoethics). Therefore, the proposal that is currently being implemented in the project Observation Laboratory on Technoethics for Adults (LOTA) as well as its implications for career guidance are concisely presented from both points of view.
Análisis de la práctica educativa del ámbito de intervención de la formación básica de jóvenes y adultos: más allá de lo meramente académico
Authors: Ricoy Lorenzo Mª Carmen , Feliz Murias Tiberio 
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEn este artículo realizamos un análisis de la educación de personas jóvenes y adultas desde sus ámbitos de intervención y aproximación legislativo-curricular de la formación básica. Así mismo, recogemos una investigación empírica que nos permite analizar, contrastar y conocer la situación educativa estudiada en contextos naturales. Esta investigación se desarrolla en la Comunidad Autónoma Gallega, involucrando en la misma al alumnado y profesorado a través de una perspectiva metodológica cuantitativo-cualitativa.ABSTRACTIn this article, we carry out an analysis of the training of adult people, starting from its intervention areas, its contextual framework, and its legislative, curricular context in the basic training. Likewise, we explain a descriptive research that allows to analyse, interpret, and know the educational situation, studying it in natural contexts. This research was developed in the Spanish region of Galicia (Northwest of Spain), involving the students and teachers through a qualitative, quantitative methodology.
Elaboración de un perfil de la orientación en Educación Secundaria desde las demandas de la comunidad educativa
Authors: González López Ignacio , García Rueda Francisco Javier 
Published: July 2020

RESUMENEste trabajo busca delimitar, a partir de un estudio empírico realizado en Córdoba capital y provincia, cuáles son las necesidades planteadas al departamento de orientación por parte de la familia, el alumnado, el profesorado, los equipos directivos y la inspección, con el fin de ayudar a los orientadores y orientadoras a seleccionar y promover entre sus múltiples tareas aquellas que son más demandadas. Del mismo modo, puede servir como base para una posible regulación de la función orientadora en los centros de secundaria.ABSTRACTFrom an empirical study developed in Cordova and province, the study presented in this article seeks to highlight the needs expressed by families, pupils, teaching staff, headteachers, and inspectors in relation to the work of the Guidance Department, with the aim of helping guidance workers to select, among their multiple tasks, those that are most demanded. At the same time, it could serve as the basis for regulating the functions of guidance in secondary schools.
Propuesta de intervención para detener el bullying
Authors: Tejada Garitano Eneko , Romero Andonegi Ainara , Garay Ruiz Urtza 
Published: July 2020

RESUMEN El bullying es un tipo de violencia específica que sucede en el ámbito educativo y que tiene una gran repercusión social. Los factores de riesgo que contribuyen a que se produzca acoso escolar son múltiples. A pesar de que los expertos recomiendan abordar el problema desde una perspectiva psicosocial y sistémica, las instituciones educativas tienden a intervenir solo sobre los factores personales de la figura de los acosadores, por lo que hay que optimizar las acciones que contribuyen a detener el bullying. A pesar de que existen diferentes instrumentos para prevenir las conductas de acoso escolar, los centros educativos no disponen de tantos medios para detener esas conductas cuando ya se han producido. El objetivo de la investigación que se presenta a continuación es analizar la actuación llevada a cabo con el fin de detener las conductas bullying y diseñar un procedimiento específico que permita abordar el problema. Se ha utilizado una metodología cualitativa de investigación acción, a través de la que se han categorizado las intervenciones llevadas a cabo para detener las conductas de acoso. De los resultados de la investigación se extrae un procedimiento secuenciado en fases que constituye una propuesta válida para intervenir con alumnado acosador ya que contribuiría a detener las conductas de acoso escolar.ABSTRACTBullying is a specific type of violence that happens in education and has a great social impact. There are multiple risk factors that contribute to harassment being produced at school. Although experts recommend tackling the problem from a psychosocial and systemic perspective, educational institutions tend to take action by just dealing with the personal issues that lead bullies to have such behavior. Therefore, actions that help stop bullying have to be optimized. Although there are different mechanisms and tools to prevent bullying behavior, schools do not count on so many means to prevent that kind of behavior from happening. The aim of the present research is to analyze the actions which are carried out in order to stop harassment at school and design a specific procedure to tackle and give an answer to the problem. A research-action qualitative methodology has been used, in which the interventions carried out to stop bullying behavior have been categorized. By analyzing the outcome of the investigation, we can work out a procedure which is sequenced in phases. This proposal is valid to take action on harassers due to the fact that it will prevent bullying behavior from happening.
Parceria sexual entre pessoas vivendo com HIV: gerenciando as diferenças sorológicas
Authors: Braz de Oliveira Layze , Braz Costa Christefany Régia , Pontes Priscila Silva , Brito Magalhães Rosilane de Lima , Gir Elucir , Reis Renata Karina 
Published: July 2020

Objetivo: Analizar si existen diferencias entre las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y afectivas sexuales en las diferentes asociaciones sexuales entre personas viviendo con VIH / sida. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio transversal realizado en un servicio de asistencia especializada en el tratamiento de personas con el Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana, con 173 participantes. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de entrevistas con cuestionarios construidos para el estudio. Resultados: Se verificaron evidencias estadísticas entre la serología del compañero y el sexo, estado civil, hijo, número de hijos. La serología del compañero sexual también presentó evidencias científicas entre las variables tipo de asociación, uso del preservativo masculino, práctica sexual vaginal insertiva, divulgación del diagnóstico del VIH para la asociación sexual y considera importante la divulgación del VIH para el socio. Conclusión: La serología del compañero fue influenciada por las variables sociodemográficas y afectivo-sexuales.
Objective: To analyze whether there are differences between socio-demographic, clinical and affective-sexual characteristics in the different sexual partnerships between people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a care service specialized in the treatment of people with Human Immunodeficiency Virus, with 173 participants. Data were collected through interviews with a questionnaire built for the study. Results: Statistical evidences were verified between the serology of the partner and the sex, marital status, child, number of children. The serology of the sexual partner also presented scientific evidence among the type variables of partnership, use of the male condom, insertive vaginal sex, dissemination of the HIV diagnosis to the sexual partnership and the importance of spreading HIV to the partner. Conclusion: The serology of the partner was influenced by sociodemographic and affective-sexual variables.
Palaeoentomological study of the lacustrine oil-shales of the lower Miocene San Chils locality (Ribesalbes-Alcora Basin, Castellón province, Spain)
Authors: Álvarez-Parra Sergio , Peñalver Enrique 
Published: July 2020

For the first time, the study of the fossil record present in laminated bituminous dolostones from the San Chils locality, lower Miocene in age (ca. 19 Ma), located at the Ribesalbes-Alcora Basin, is addressed. The identification of 11 families and three genera belonging to six insect orders (Orthoptera, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera) has been carried out. Furthermore, ephippia of ladoceran crustaceans, one bird feather, vertebrate coprolites and plant remains have been found. The San Chils palaeodiversity has been compared to that of La Rinconada, a similar outcrop in the same basin and depositional unit. Both localities correspond to lacustrine deposits and were mined during the past two centuries. This work has increased the palaeontological richness of the Ribesalbes-Alcora Basin with new fi ndings such as specimens of the subfamily Corixinae (Hemiptera: Corixidae), some ant workers (Hymenoptera: ormicidae), a specimen assigned to the genus Exechia (Diptera: Mycetophilidae), ephippia of Daphnia (Ctenodapnia ) sp. (Branchiopoda: Cladocera), the possible first report of the genus Sciocoris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) for the Neogene fossil record and the possible presence of the family Aeolothripidae (Thysanoptera). The current collection of fossil specimens from San Chils is small, but shows that it shared similar palaeoenvironmental conditions to that of La Rinconada, both in the lake waters and in the surroundings.
A survey of chiropractic students' perceived business preparedness at graduation
Authors: Sikorski David M , Wanlass Paul W , Kizhakkeveettil Anupama , Tobias Gene S 
Published: July 2020

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess chiropractic college graduates' business experience, education, and need for further education at the time of graduation.

Methods
We conducted an anonymous survey of graduating chiropractic students in 2015 and 2016 regarding their prior business experience, business courses taken before and during chiropractic education, business abilities and needs, and practice plans.

Results
Eighty-one responded out of 114 surveyed (71% response rate). Less than half had taken college-level business courses or had business experience prior to entering chiropractic college. Almost 90% of respondents took 1 or more of 3 elective courses in business skills during their chiropractic education. Sixty-eight percent planned to work as an associate doctor and to be in private practice after 5 years. The respondents indicated that they were more prepared in the business abilities of ethics/risk management/jurisprudence, employee management, strategic planning, and marketing/advertising, and least prepared in business operations, accounting, and billing/reimbursement. In the areas of economics, finance, business taxes, and starting a practice, the respondents indicated a need for further education or experience. It was statistically significant (p &lt; .001) that students who had prior business experience and/or college business education were more confident in operating a health care practice.

Conclusion
Chiropractic business education provides students with some of the practice management skills essential for operating a health care practice. Students with prior business experience and/or education reported more confidence in their ability to run a chiropractic practice immediately after graduation.
Ultrahigh Sensitivity of Flexible Thermistors Based on 3D Porous Graphene Characterized by Imbedded Microheaters
Authors: Wu Jin , Yang Xing , Ding Haojun , Wei Yaoming , Wu Zixuan , Tao Kai , Yang Bo‐Ru , Liu Chuan , Wang Xiaotian , Feng Shuanglong , Xie Xi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIt is important to develop highly sensitive, accurate, and easy‐calibration flexible temperature sensors for emerging wearable applications. Here, ultrasensitive and flexible temperature sensors are developed using 3D porous graphene (Gr) synthesized by microwave plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition as the channel transducing material, and the liquid crystal polymer as flexible substrate. Thanks to the porous structures, enormous defects, and oxygenated groups incorporated in Gr, the thermistor displays the remarkable thermal index of 3193 K, higher than those of most existing Gr‐based thermistors and comparable to those of ceramic‐based rigid thermistors. The imbedded microheaters on the same device are exploited to characterize and calibrate the thermistors, as well as reduce the oxygen‐containing Gr in situ, bypassing the requirement of conventional external bulky hot plates. The thermal indexes are generally stable regardless of thermal annealing, but decrease slightly with prolonged reduction time of Gr. Attributing to the porous structure for effective heat dissipation, a short recovery time of 9.3 s is attained. The high sensitivity and resolution (0.1 °C) of the thermistors enable various practical applications, such as noncontact sensation, human skin, and wind temperature monitoring, etc. This work develops a 3D porous Gr based “self‐calibration” thermistors with competitive performance.