bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring processing patterns of Chinese-English sight translation
Authors: Su Wenchao , Li Defeng 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The exploration of processing patterns is a major topic within the behavioural-cognitive approach to translation and
interpreting studies, but existing studies have mainly focused on processing patterns in written translation while largely overlooking other
important modes of interlingual transfer, for example sight translation. To fill this gap, the present study investigated processing
patterns in rehearsed sight translation from English into Chinese (L1) and vice versa (L2) using eye-tracking technology and examined how
translation directions influenced processing patterns in sight translation. It was found that (1) translation students spent more time but
invested less cognitive effort in reading the source text in the preparatory reading than the actual sight translation; (2) the coordination
time between comprehension and production in sight translation was similar to that with simultaneous interpreting; (3) the processing
patterns in each translation direction also showed distinctive differences in both preparatory reading and reading-speech coordination. This
was the first study to investigate processing patterns in sight translation that involved two linguistically distinct languages, i.e.,
English and Chinese, in both L1 and L2 translation and it is hoped that the findings will generate further research along this line.
Breath research in times of a global pandemic and beyond: the game changer
Authors: Pleil Joachim D , Beauchamp Jonathan D , Dweik Raed A , Risby Terence H 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In contrast to blood and urine samples, breath is invisible and ubiquitous in the environment. Different precautions are now necessary beyond the usual ‘Universal Precautions’. In the era of COVID-19, breath (especially the aerosol fraction) can no longer be considered as harmless in the clinic or laboratory. As Journal of Breath Research is a primary resource for breath-related research, we (the editors) are presently developing safety guidance applicable to
all breath research
, not just for those projects that involve known COVID-19 infected subjects. We are starting this process by implementing requirements on reporting safety precautions in research papers and notes. This editorial announces that authors of all new submissions to JBR henceforth must state clearly the procedures undertaken for assuring laboratory and clinical safety, much like the existing requirements for disclosing Ethics Committee or Institutional Review Board protocols for studies on human subjects. In the following, we additionally make some recommendations based on best practices drawn from our experience and input from the JBR Editorial Board.
Comparative multiscale investigations of material removal behaviors of SiCp/5083Al, SiC ceramic and 5083Al alloy by single scratch tests
Authors: Zhao Xu , Gong Yadong , Cai Ming , Han Bing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
To gain a deep insight into the material removal mechanism of high volume fraction SiCp/Al during a grinding process, comparative multiscale investigations of material removal behaviors of 50 vol% SiCp/5083Al, bulk SiC and bulk 5083Al are presented by single scratch tests. Scratch mechanical properties including scratch force, friction coefficient and AE signal, as well as cross-sectional profile including residual scratch depth and material removal ratio are introduced to measure material removal behaviors at macroscale and mesoscope. Moreover, surface morphology of scratch grooves with help of SEM micrographs and explanatory model of material removal mechanisms are used to understand material removal evolution at microscale. It has demonstrated that at macroscale and mesoscope material removal behaviors of SiCp/5083Al are similar to that for 5083Al, but different from that for SiC, at microscale essentially different from that for 5083Al and SiC. Normal force (scratch depth) has significant influence on material removal behaviors, a sufficiently low scratch depth could achieve ductile removal of particles SiC resulting in a comparatively good surface for SiCp/5083Al, otherwise, the reverse. The work findings provide a critical insight of the material removal mechanism for SiCp/Al by considering coupling effects of particles SiC and matrix Al, and critical information for improving grinding quality.
Low-Cost magnetic adsorbent for efficient Cu(II) removal from water
Authors: Zhang Li-Ting , Guo Jiao , Li Meng , Tshinkobo Orphe Bukasa , Wang Chao , Xue Chang-Guo , Liu Yin , Li Jian-Jun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Selective adsorption using magnetic adsorbent is supposed as one of the most effective methods for heavy metal removal from water for the advantage of efficient solid-liquid separation. However, the application of this technique is hindered by the high cost, unfavorable environmental effects of the chemical synthesis of magnetic adsorbents. In this study, the industrial waste coal-fly-ash magnetic sphere (CMS) were carefully processed to prepare cheap and green magnetic core material. Then, a composite bioadsorbent using CMS as core and chitosan (CS) as the shell (CMS@CS for short) was fabricated via an extrusion-dripping method. Structural investigations indicate that the obtained CMS@CS samples are hollow microsphere with a solid wall or porous solid microsphere depending on the preparation conditions. CMS particles are evenly distributed in both microspheres. The porous sample has an 81.49 m2 g−1 special surface area, 96 times larger than the hollow. The highest Cu(II) adsorption of the porous sample is measured as 22.41 mg g−1, 3.6 times larger than that of the hollow. The Cu(II) adsorption of the CMS@CS samples is closely related to the internal structure, surface chemical modification, and solution pH. The adsorption mechanism could be explained by a two-step procedure model. The CMS@CS adsorbents have an average magnetism of 10.07 emu g−1, thus could be magnetically separated efficiently. The density of CMS@CS is tested as 1.45–1.65 g cm−3. A similar density with water would improve its suspend ability in the water. The used CMS@CS adsorbent could be recycled several times after appropriate treatment.
A novel approach to improve corrosion resistance of Mg alloy by co-extrusion
Authors: Feng Bo , Yan Changjian , Feng Xiaowei , Wang Juan , Zheng Kaihong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this study, Mg/Al composite rod with a thin 6082 aluminum alloy coated AZ31 magnesium alloy was successfully prepared by co-extrusion. Microstructure and texture of the extruded Mg/Al rod were systemically studied. A comparative study about electrochemical behavior of the Mg core and the Al sleeve was also addressed. Our results show that, co-extrusion can greatly refine grains of Mg alloy, but does not change the texture component. The 6082 sleeve exhibits a much better corrosion resistance than the AZ31 core. This study provided a novel approach to improve corrosion resistance of Mg alloy. The Al sleeve served as a barrier to protect the Mg alloy from corrosion.
On the failure modes and maximum stretch of circular dielectric elastomer actuators
Authors: Li Zezhou , Tian Aifen , Zhang Dongsheng , Wang Yuzhe , Lau Henry Y K 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Dielectric elastomer actuators have been widely studied theoretically and experimentally thanks to its superior attributes such as large deformation. The actuator failure has long been an issue placing barriers to large deformation in practical applications. In this paper, we investigate the various failure modes and the maximum stretch of the circular dielectric elastomer actuator. An analytical model depicting the actuation mechanism of the dielectric elastomer actuator is proposed to help analyze the failure onset. Several types of normally observed failure modes, i.e. electromechanical instability, loss of tension, and electrical breakdown, are analyzed theoretically based on the proposed model. A 3D figure that interprets the relationship of the corresponding factors and the possible failure modes are proposed as well, by which we could know the possible failure onset, as well as the associated maximum stretch under specific conditions. Experiments are carried out and the results are in accordance with the prediction by the proposed 3D figure.
A novel image analysis algorithm reveals that media conditioned with chitosan and platelet-rich plasma biomaterial dose dependently increases fibroblast migration in a scratch assay
Authors: Ahunon Laura , Milano Fiona , Chevrier Anik , Lavertu Marc 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Chitosan (CS) and Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) both display interesting properties for wound healing applications. A hybrid CS-PRP biomaterial was previously developped, consisting of a freeze dried CS formulation solubilized in PRP that promotes tissue repair and regeneration. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the ability of the CS-PRP biomaterial to stimulate cell migration in vitro. Scratch assays revealed that CS-PRP significantly stimulates the migration rate of cells compared to cells in culture medium but not differently than PRP alone. The increase in the migration rate is dose-dependent at low dose and reaches a plateau corresponding with maximum cell motility. Cell migration rate as a function of the number of platelets that have degranulated in culture medium (to which total concentration of growth factors contributing to cell response is proportionnal), follows a modified Hill model. To analyze photographs taken during the assay and follow cell migration, an open source image analysis algorithm was developed: SAMScratch (Systematic Area Measurement of Scratch - available here: https://github.com/Biomaterials-and-Cartilage-Laboratory/SAM-Scratch). Compared with other existing analysis tools, the algorithm is precise in the determination of the scratch area and performs equally well with usual and challenging images. This study resulted in the creation of a freely available application for scratch assay analysis and provided evidence that CS-PRP implants hold promise for treatment of wounds.
Quantum algorithm for the nonlinear dimensionality reduction with arbitrary kernel
Authors: Li YaoChong , Zhou Ri-Gui , Xu RuiQing , Hu WenWen , Fan Ping 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Dimensionality reduction (DR) techniques play an extremely critical role in the data mining and pattern recognition field. However, most DR approaches involve large-scale matrix computations, which cause too high running complexity to implement in the big data scenario efficiently. The recent developments in quantum information processing provide a novel path to alleviate this problem, where a potential quantum acceleration can be obtained comparing with the classical counterpart. Nevertheless, existing proposals for quantum DR methods faced the common dilemma of the nonlinear generalization owing to the intrinsic linear limitation of quantum computation. In this paper, an architecture to simulate the arbitrary nonlinear kernels on a universal quantum computer is illustrated and further propose the quantum kernel principal component analysis (QKPCA) algorithm. The key idea is employing the truncated Taylor expansion to approximate the arbitrary nonlinear kernel within the fixed error and then constructing the corresponding Hamiltonian simulation for the quantum phase estimation algorithm. It is demonstrated theoretically that the QKPCA is qualified for the nonlinear DR task while the exponential speedup is also maintained. In addition, this research has the potential ability to develop other quantum DR approaches and existing linear quantum machine learning models.
Covalent anchoring of atomically precise glutathione-protected gold nanoclusters on graphene oxide nanosheets
Authors: Bertorelle Franck , Basu Srestha , Fakhouri Hussein , Perić Bakulić Martina , Mignon Pierre , Russier-Antoine Isabelle , Brevet Pierre-François , Thomas Sabu , Kalarikkal Nandakumar , Antoine Rodolphe 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
This paper describes the development of a novel method of producing nanocomposites consisting of gold nanoclusters anchored on graphene oxide nanosheets in a cost-effective and reproducible manner. The novelty of the technique hinges on the covalent functionalization of atomically precise subnanometer gold clusters protected by glutathione (Au15SG13 and Au25SG18) on to graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets according to the 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride crosslinking method, using the existing carboxylic groups present both at the surfaces of the nanoclusters and the GO nanosheets. The atomic precision of glutathione-protected gold nanoclusters was evidenced by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The formed hybrid nanocomposites were characterized by TEM measurements and exhibit nonlinear optical properties characteristic of GO, in particular a strong second harmonic scattering response as well as a multi-photon excited fluorescence spectrum characterized by a broad band in the visible range between 350 and 700 nm. Atomically precise nanoclusters covalently linked to GO nanosheets are therefore promising for new applications in the areas of optoelectronics and photovoltaics.
Warfarin dose adjustment required after cannabidiol initiation and titration
Authors: Cortopassi Josh 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Purpose
A case of a possible interaction between cannabidiol and warfarin is presented along with a brief overview of cytochrome enzymes involved in these drugs’ metabolism.

Summary
A 46-year-old male taking warfarin for treatment of a deep venous thrombosis was initiated on a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved cannabidiol product (Epidiolex, Greenwich Biosciences) for intractable epilepsy. The patient’s International Normalized Ratio (INR) was monitored closely during cannabidiol initiation and dose titration. The patient required a nearly 20% warfarin dose reduction to maintain an INR within the goal range after starting therapy with cannabidiol. There is 1 other case report describing a clinically significant interaction between cannabidiol (specifically Epidiolex) and warfarin in a patient receiving warfarin who was enrolled in a study involving the initiation and titration of cannabidiol; that patient developed a supratherapeutic INR of 6.86 and required a 30% reduction in the weekly warfarin dose to reachieve the goal INR.

Conclusion
A previously published report suggesting an interaction between cannabidiol and warfarin is supported by this case report. INR should be monitored frequently in patients taking warfarin who begin to take FDA-approved cannabidiol. Additional studies should be performed to clarify the interaction potential of cannabidiol and warfarin.
Pressure–volume loop validation of TAPSE/PASP for right ventricular arterial coupling in heart failure with pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Schmeisser Alexander , Rauwolf Thomas , Groscheck Thomas , Kropf Siegfried , Luani Blerim , Tanev Ivan , Hansen Michael , Meißler Saskia , Steendijk Paul , Braun-Dullaeus Ruediger C 
Published: October 2020

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to validate the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion/systolic pulmonary artery (PA) pressure (TAPSE/PASP) ratio with the invasive pressure–volume (PV) loop-derived end-systolic right ventricular (RV) elastance/PA elastance (Ees/Ea) ratio in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF) and secondary pulmonary hypertension (PH).Methods and resultsThe relationship of TAPSE and TAPSE/PASP with RV-PV loop (single-beat)-derived contractility Ees, afterload Ea, and Ees/Ea was assessed in 110 patients with HFREF with and without secondary PH. The results were compared with other surrogate parameters such as the fractional area change/PASP ratio. The association of the surrogates with all-cause mortality was evaluated. In patients with PH (n = 74, 67%), TAPSE significantly correlated with Ees (r = 0.356), inverse with Ea (r = −0.514) but was most closely associated with Ees/Ea (r = 0.77). Placing TAPSE in a ratio with PASP slightly reduced the relationship to Ees/Ea (r = 0.71) but was more closely related to the parameters of PA vascular load, diastolic RV function, and RV energetics. The area under the curve of TAPSE/PASP and TAPSE for discriminating overall survival in receiver operating characteristic analysis was not different (P = 0.78. Prognostic relevant cut-offs were 17 mm for TAPSE and 0.38 mm/mmHg for TAPSE/PASP. Both parameters in multivariate cox regression remained independently prognostically relevant.ConclusionTAPSE is an easily and reliably obtainable and valid surrogate parameter for RV–PA coupling in PH due to HFREF. Putting TAPSE into a ratio with PASP did not further improve the coupling information or prognostic assessment.Trial IdentifierDRKS—German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00011133; https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00011133).
Impact of COVID-19 on cardiac procedure activity in England and associated 30-day mortality
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed O , Banerjee Amitava , Clarke Sarah , de Belder Mark , Patwala Ashish , Goodwin Andrew T , Kwok Chun Shing , Rashid Muhammad , Gale Chris P , Curzen Nick , Mamas Mamas A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Aims
Limited data exist on the impact of COVID-19 on national changes in cardiac procedure activity, including patient characteristics and clinical outcomes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods and results
All major cardiac procedures (n = 374 899) performed between 1 January and 31 May for the years 2018, 2019, and 2020 were analysed, stratified by procedure type and time-period (pre-COVID: January–May 2018 and 2019 and January–February 2020 and COVID: March–May 2020). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine the odds ratio (OR) of 30-day mortality for procedures performed in the COVID period. Overall, there was a deficit of 45 501 procedures during the COVID period compared to the monthly averages (March–May) in 2018–2019. Cardiac catheterization and device implantations were the most affected in terms of numbers (n = 19 637 and n = 10 453), whereas surgical procedures such as mitral valve replacement, other valve replacement/repair, atrioseptal defect/ventriculoseptal defect repair, and coronary artery bypass grafting were the most affected as a relative percentage difference (Δ) to previous years’ averages. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement was the least affected (Δ −10.6%). No difference in 30-day mortality was observed between pre-COVID and COVID time-periods for all cardiac procedures except cardiac catheterization [OR 1.25 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–1.47, P = 0.006] and cardiac device implantation (OR 1.35 95% CI 1.15–1.58, P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
Cardiac procedural activity has significantly declined across England during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a deficit in excess of 45 000 procedures, without an increase in risk of mortality for most cardiac procedures performed during the pandemic. Major restructuring of cardiac services is necessary to deal with this deficit, which would inevitably impact long-term morbidity and mortality.
Acute, Post-acute, and Primary Care Utilization in a Home-Based Primary Care Program During COVID-19
Authors: Abrashkin Karen A , Zhang Jenny , Poku Asantewaa 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Older adults with multiple comorbidities experience high rates of hospitalization and poor outcomes from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Changes in care utilization by persons in advanced illness management (AIM) programs during the COVID-19 pandemic are not well known. The purpose of this study was to describe changes in care utilization by homebound AIM patients in an epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic before and during the pandemic.

Research Design and Methods
Descriptive statistics and tests of differences were used to compare care utilization rates, including emergency department (ED) and inpatient admissions, acute and subacute rehabilitation, and AIM program utilization during the pandemic with rates 1 year prior.

Results
Acute and post-acute utilization for enrollees (n = 1,468) decreased March–May 2020 compared to 1 year prior (n = 1,452), while utilization of AIM program resources remained high. Comparing 2019 and 2020, ED visits/1,000 enrollees were 109 versus 44 (p &lt; .001), inpatient admissions 213 versus 113 (p &lt; .001), and rehabilitation facility admissions 56 versus 31 (p = .014); AIM program home visits were 1,935 versus 276 (p &lt; .001), remote visits (telehealth/telephonic) 0 versus 1,079 (p &lt; .001), and all other phone touches 3,032 versus 5,062 (p &lt; .001). Home hospice admissions/1,000 increased: 16–31 (p = .011).

Discussion and Implications
Our results demonstrate decreased acute and post-acute utilization, while maintaining high levels of connectedness to the AIM program, among a cohort of homebound older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with 1 year prior. While further study is needed, our results suggest that AIM programs can provide support to this population in the home setting during a pandemic.
Equality in Immigration Law: An Impossible Quest?
Authors: Farcy Jean-Baptiste 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The aim of this article is to discuss why the principle of equality and non-discrimination, although foundational to international human rights law, remains an unfulfilled promise in the context of immigration. Nationality is now widely considered as a suspect ground of discrimination, yet contemporary immigration and citizenship laws increasingly use meritocratic criteria to distinguish among migrants. Although framed in universal terms, these criteria create differences of treatment among migrants based on their income, level of education and economic worth. However, from a legal perspective such differences of treatment rarely amount to prohibited discrimination. Looking at the case law of the European Court of Human Rights, this article argues that the normative content of the equality and non-discrimination principle fails to challenge such differences of treatment. Moreover, the proportionality test is used as a judicial restraint mechanism which prevents the effective enforcement of the equality requirement by international and domestic courts in the context of immigration.
Generalizedq-Painlevé VI Systems of Type (A2n+1+A1+A1)(1) Arising From Cluster Algebra
Authors: Okubo Naoto , Suzuki Takao 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn this article we formulate a group of birational transformations that is isomorphic to an extended affine Weyl group of type $(A_{2n+1}+A_1+A_1)^{(1)}$ with the aid of mutations and permutations of vertices to a mutation-periodic quiver on a torus. This group provides a class of higher order generalizations of Jimbo–Sakai’s $q$-Painlevé VI equation as translations on a root lattice. Then the known three systems are obtained again: the $q$-Garnier system, a similarity reduction of the lattice $q$-UC hierarchy, and a similarity reduction of the $q$-Drinfeld–Sokolov hierarchy.
Sharp Resolvent Estimates on Non-positively Curved Asymptotically Hyperbolic Manifolds
Authors: Wang Yiran 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We study the high energy estimate for the resolvent $R(\lambda )$ of the Laplacian on non-trapping asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds (AHMs). In the literature, estimates of $R(\lambda )$ on weighted Sobolev spaces of the order $O(|\lambda |^{N})$ were established for some $N&gt; -1$, $|\lambda |$ large, and $\lambda \in{{\mathbb{C}}}$ in strips where $R(\lambda )$ is holomorphic. In this work, we prove the optimal bound $O(|\lambda |^{-1})$ under the non-positive sectional curvature assumption by taking into account the oscillatory behavior of the Schwartz kernel of the resolvent.