bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A library of self-consistent simulated exoplanet atmospheres
Authors: Goyal Jayesh M , Mayne Nathan , Drummond Benjamin , Sing David K , Hébrard Eric , Lewis Nikole , Tremblin Pascal , Phillips Mark W , Mikal-Evans Thomas , Wakeford Hannah R 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
We present a publicly available library of model atmospheres with radiative-convective equilibrium pressure–temperature (P-T) profiles fully consistent with equilibrium chemical abundances, and the corresponding emission and transmission spectrum with R ∼ 5000 at 0.2 µm decreasing to R ∼ 35 at 30 µm, for 89 hot Jupiter exoplanets, for four recirculation factors, six metallicities, and six C/O ratios. We find the choice of condensation process (local/rainout) alters the P-T profile and thereby the spectrum substantially, potentially detectable by James Webb Space Telescope. We find H− opacity can contribute to form a strong temperature inversion in ultrahot Jupiters for C/O ratios ≥ 1 and can make transmission spectra features flat in the optical, alongside altering the entire emission spectra. We highlight how adopting different model choices such as thermal ionization, opacities, line-wing profiles and the methodology of varying the C/O ratio, effects the P-T structure, and the spectrum. We show the role of Fe opacity to form primary/secondary inversion in the atmosphere. We use WASP-17b and WASP-121b as test cases to demonstrate the effect of grid parameters across their full range, while highlighting some important findings, concerning the overall atmospheric structure, chemical transition regimes, and their observables. Finally, we apply this library to the current transmission and emission spectra observations of WASP-121b, which shows H2O and tentative evidence for VO at the limb, and H2O emission feature indicative of inversion on the dayside, with very low energy redistribution, thereby demonstrating the applicability of library for planning and interpreting observations of transmission and emission spectrum.
Relevance of Higher-Order Epistasis in Drug Resistance
Authors: Lozovsky Elena R , Daniels Rachel F , Heffernan Gavin D , Jacobus David P , Hartl Daniel L 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe studied five chemically distinct but related 1,3,5-triazine antifolates with regard to their effects on growth of a set of mutants in dihydrofolate reductase. The mutants comprise a combinatorially complete data set of all 16 possible combinations of four amino acid replacements associated with resistance to pyrimethamine in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Pyrimethamine was a mainstay medication for malaria for many years, and it is still in use in intermittent treatment during pregnancy or as a partner drug in artemisinin combination therapy. Our goal was to investigate the extent to which the alleles yield similar adaptive topographies and patterns of epistasis across chemically related drugs. We find that the adaptive topographies are indeed similar with the same or closely related alleles being fixed in computer simulations of stepwise evolution. For all but one of the drugs the topography features at least one suboptimal fitness peak. Our data are consistent with earlier results indicating that third order and higher epistatic interactions appear to contribute only modestly to the overall adaptive topography, and they are largely conserved. In regard to drug development, our data suggest that higher-order interactions are likely to be of little value as an advisory tool in the choice of lead compounds.
A Comparison of Three Music Therapy Introduction Dialogues on Acceptance of Music Therapy Services by Patients in an Outpatient Cancer Center
Authors: Barck Leanne , McDougal Miller Dawn 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Music therapy is not often well understood by patients with cancer; therefore, patients may be initially hesitant to accept music therapy services. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three different scripts (described from here on as “introduction dialogues”) used to offer music therapy services to patients in an outpatient cancer center. Relationships between patient-reported anxiety levels, gender, and age with the acceptance rate of music therapy services were also examined. Patients (n = 59) were offered music therapy using one of three different introduction dialogues, asked to complete an anxiety Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and provided with music therapy services if accepted. Results showed that introduction dialogue #2 (benefits of music therapy explained, including research) had the greatest acceptance rate. Moderate anxiety levels, males, and individuals 61+ years of age also showed greatest acceptance rates. A breakdown of different variables influencing patient response, limitations of the study, and future recommendations are also discussed.
A multiplexed bioluminescent reporter for sensitive and non-invasive tracking of DNA double strand break repair dynamics in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Chien Jasper Che-Yung , Tabet Elie , Pinkham Kelsey , da Hora Cintia Carla , Chang Jason Cheng-Yu , Lin Steven , Badr Christian E , Lai Charles Pin-Kuang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Tracking DNA double strand break (DSB) repair is paramount for the understanding and therapeutic development of various diseases including cancers. Herein, we describe a multiplexed bioluminescent repair reporter (BLRR) for non-invasive monitoring of DSB repair pathways in living cells and animals. The BLRR approach employs secreted Gaussia and Vargula luciferases to simultaneously detect homology-directed repair (HDR) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), respectively. BLRR data are consistent with next-generation sequencing results for reporting HDR (R2 = 0.9722) and NHEJ (R2 = 0.919) events. Moreover, BLRR analysis allows longitudinal tracking of HDR and NHEJ activities in cells, and enables detection of DSB repairs in xenografted tumours in vivo. Using the BLRR system, we observed a significant difference in the efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated editing with guide RNAs only 1–10 bp apart. Moreover, BLRR analysis detected altered dynamics for DSB repair induced by small-molecule modulators. Finally, we discovered HDR-suppressing functions of anticancer cardiac glycosides in human glioblastomas and glioma cancer stem-like cells via inhibition of DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 1 (RAD51). The BLRR method provides a highly sensitive platform to simultaneously and longitudinally track HDR and NHEJ dynamics that is sufficiently versatile for elucidating the physiology and therapeutic development of DSB repair.
Synthetic circular miR-21 RNA decoys enhance tumor suppressor expression and impair tumor growth in mice
Authors: Müller Simon , Wedler Alice , Breuer Janina , Glaß Markus , Bley Nadine , Lederer Marcell , Haase Jacob , Misiak Claudia , Fuchs Tommy , Ottmann Alina , Schmachtel Tessa , Shalamova Lyudmila , Ewe Alexander , Aigner Achim , Rossbach Oliver , Hüttelmaier Stefan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNaturally occurring circular RNAs efficiently impair miRNA functions. Synthetic circular RNAs may thus serve as potent agents for miRNA inhibition. Their therapeutic effect critically relies on (i) the identification of optimal miRNA targets, (ii) the optimization of decoy structures and (iii) the development of efficient formulations for their use as drugs. In this study, we extensively explored the functional relevance of miR-21-5p in cancer cells. Analyses of cancer transcriptomes reveal that miR-21-5p is the by far most abundant miRNA in human cancers. Deletion of the MIR21 locus in cancer-derived cells identifies several direct and indirect miR-21-5p targets, including major tumor suppressors with prognostic value across cancers. To impair miR-21-5p activities, we evaluate synthetic, circular RNA decoys containing four repetitive binding elements. In cancer cells, these decoys efficiently elevate tumor suppressor expression and impair tumor cell vitality. For their in vivo delivery, we for the first time evaluate the formulation of decoys in polyethylenimine (PEI)-based nanoparticles. We demonstrate that PEI/decoy nanoparticles lead to a significant inhibition of tumor growth in a lung adenocarcinoma xenograft mouse model via the upregulation of tumor suppressor expression. These findings introduce nanoparticle-delivered circular miRNA decoys as a powerful potential therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment.
Integration of genetic and histopathology data in interpretation of kidney disease
Authors: Murray Susan L , Fennelly Neil K , Doyle Brendan , Lynch Sally Ann , Conlon Peter J 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFor many years renal biopsy has been the gold standard for diagnosis in many forms of kidney disease. It provides rapid, accurate and clinically useful information in most individuals with kidney disease. However, in recent years, other diagnostic modalities have become available that may provide more detailed and specific diagnostic information in addition to, or instead of, renal biopsy. Genomics is one of these modalities. Previously prohibitively expensive and time consuming, it is now increasingly available and practical in a clinical setting for the diagnosis of inherited kidney disease. Inherited kidney disease is a significant cause of kidney disease, in both the adult and paediatric populations. While individual inherited kidney diseases are rare, together they represent a significant burden of disease. Because of the heterogenicity of inherited kidney disease, diagnosis and management can be a challenge and often multiple diagnostic modalities are needed to arrive at a diagnosis. We present updates in genomic medicine for renal disease, how genetic testing integrates with our knowledge of renal histopathology and how the two modalities may interact to enhance patient care.
One-Year Efficacy and Incremental Cost-effectiveness of Contingency Management for Cigarette Smokers With Depression
Authors: González-Roz Alba , Weidberg Sara , García-Pérez Ángel , Martínez-Loredo Víctor , Secades-Villa Roberto 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Contingency management (CM) is efficacious for smoking cessation. To date, the number of cost-effectiveness evaluations of behavioral and pharmacological smoking cessation treatments far outnumbers the ones on CM. This study estimated 1-year efficacy and incremental cost-effectiveness of adding CM in relation to abstinence outcomes for a cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)+behavioral activation (BA) treatment.

Methods
The study sample comprised 120 smokers with depression (% females: 70.8%; mean age: 51.67 [SD = 9.59]) enrolled in an 8-week randomized controlled clinical trial. Clinical effectiveness variables were point-prevalence abstinence, continuous abstinence, longest duration of abstinence (LDA), and Beck-Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) scores at 1-year follow-up. Cost-effectiveness analyses were based on resource utilization, unit costs per patient, and incremental cost per additional LDA week at 1 year.

Results
There was a significant effect of time by treatment group interaction, which indicated superior effects of CBT+BA+CM across time. Point-prevalence abstinence (53.3% [32/60]) was superior in participants receiving CBT+BA+CM compared with those in CBT+BA (23.3% [14/60]), but both groups were equally likely to present sustained reductions in depression. The average cost per patient was €208.85 (US$236.57) for CBT+BA and €410.64 (US$465.14) for CBT+BA+CM, p &lt; .001. The incremental cost of using CM to enhance 1-year abstinence by one extra LDA week was €18 (US$20.39) (95% confidence interval: 17.75–18.25).

Conclusions
Behavioral treatments addressing both smoking and depression are efficacious for sustaining high quit rates at 1 year. Adding CM to CBT+BA for smoking cessation is highly cost-effective, with an estimated net benefit of €4704 (US$5344.80).

Implications
Informing on the cost-effectiveness of CM might expedite the translation of research findings into clinical practice. Findings suggested that CM is feasible and highly cost-effective, confirming that its implementation is worthwhile. At a CM cost per patient of €410.64 (US$465.14), the net benefit equals €4704 (US$5344.80), although even starting from a minimum investment of €20 (US$22.72) was cost-effective.

ClinicalTrials-gov Identifier
NCT03163056.
Mixed occupational and iatrogenic allergic contact dermatitis in a hairdresser
Authors: Koblinski J E , Hamann D 
Published: July 2020

Summary
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a common occupational disease. Hairdressers and beauticians are at increased risk of occupational chronic hand eczema. We present a case of mixed occupational, non-occupational and iatrogenic ACD in a hairdresser which illustrates that delayed diagnosis can result in high morbidity, and unnecessary treatment and cost. A hairdresser with chronic hand and facial eczema failed medical management with topical steroids and dupilumab. Patch testing revealed contact allergy to multiple occupational exposures, home exposures and topical medicaments.
Diffuse Idiopathic calcinosis cutis: a case report in a 13-year-old Syrian boy
Authors: Tawekji Talha , Abdul-Baki Mohammad-Nasan , Dhemesh Yaseen , Douri Thaer 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Calcinosis cutis is characterized by the deposition of calcium salts in the skin and subcutaneous tissue. It is divided into the following subtypes: dystrophic, metastatic, iatrogenic, idiopathic and calciphylaxis. In this case, we report a 13-year-old Syrian boy with idiopathic calcinosis cutis, the lesions were unusually widespread, unlike the common condition which is usually localized to one area. The case was unrelated to any systemic or local disorders, and the patient had no complications, so no treatment was planned.
As the best of our knowledge, there are very few cases of diffuse or widespread idiopathic calcinosis cutis. We analyzed the clinical, laboratory, radiographical and pathological characteristics of our patient, which helped us to reach the final diagnosis. We will discuss the pathogenesis, investigation and management of this disease.
A recessive case of Thévenard’s disease, aka. ulcero-mutilating acropathology syndrome with hypodontia
Authors: Turk Tarek , Haitham Al Husseini M H D , Al Assil Houda 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Thévenard’s disease, aka. ulcero-mutilating acropathology syndrome, is a rare hereditary disorder. In this report, we describe the case of a 6-year old patient with deep, non-healing ulcers on her lower extremities that progressed to spontaneous mutilation of her toes and distal phalanges. In this case, seldom-reported features were encountered such as hands’ involvement, absence of family history and congenital absence of teeth eruption. Diagnosing this case can be challenging due to the rarity of the disease. Early detection and appropriate approach help to better-control complications and further-delay disability, especially that no cure has been identified for this case yet. Therefore, it is vital to keep this syndrome as part of a deferential diagnosis when approaching patients with similar symptoms. It is also important to emphasize that regular examinations and rapid response to new lesions are crucial and should be combined with education and support to patients and their families.
The VvSUPERMAN-like Gene Is Differentially Expressed between Bicarpellate and Tricarpellate Florets of Vitis vinifera L. Cv. ‘Xiangfei’ and Its Heterologous Expression Reduces Carpel Number in Tomato
Authors: Liang Jinjun , Guan Pingyin , Liu Zhenhua , Wang Yan , Xing Jiayi , Hu Jianfang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMulticarpellate fruits are larger and produce more seeds than mono- or bicarpellate fruits, enhancing the reproductive capacity of the plant. To identify the phenotypic and molecular differences among florets of different carpel types, we studied carpel formation and fusion in the grapevine (Vitis vinifera) cultivar ‘Xiangfei’, which produces a high proportion of multicarpellate fruit. We also determined the function of VvSUPERMAN-like (VvSUP-like) and explored its relationship with VvWUS (VvWUSCHEL) and VvAG1 (VvAGAMOUS), which is related to the formation of carpel primordia. We showed that carpel formation and fusion were largely consistent between bicarpellate and tricarpellate ovaries, which both involve congenital fusion; rather, the differences between these ovary types arose from variation in carpel primordia number and location. Transgenic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants expressing VvSUP-like produced significantly fewer carpels and other floral organs than the wild type. Moreover, transcriptome sequencing results indicate that VvSUP-like was more highly expressed in bicarpellate than in tricarpellate ‘Xiangfei’ florets. Luciferase reporter assays indicated that VvSUP-like inhibits the expression of VvAG1 and VvWUS by directly binding to their promoters, and VvWUS promotes VvAG1 expression by directly binding to its promoter. VvSUP-like inhibits the feedback signaling between VvWUS and VvAG1. Together, these results suggest that VvSUP-like negatively regulates the number of carpels that develop by inhibiting VvAG1 and VvWUS expression.
Evaluation of warm season annual forages for forage yield and quality in the north-central United States
Authors: Bleier Jonathan S , Coblentz Wayne K , Kalscheur Kenneth F , Panke-Buisse Kevin , Brink Geoffrey E 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Grazing-based dairy operations require productive, high-quality forages capable of supporting the nutritional needs of mid-lactation dairy cows. Our objectives were to evaluate primary and regrowth harvests of two cultivars of sudangrass (SU), sorghum-sudangrass (S×SU), and pearl millet (PM) forages for growth and nutritive characteristics within the specific context of suitability for grazing by dairy cows. Three harvest cycles, including primary and regrowth cycles in 2016, and a single harvest cycle of primary growth in 2017, were evaluated at two locations (Prairie du Sac and Marshfield, WI). Within each cycle, sampling was initiated when canopy height was about 41 cm and continued thereafter on weekly intervals for 5 weeks, resulting in six equally spaced sampling dates per harvest cycle. Data were analyzed as a split-plot design with cultivars (6) as whole-plots arranged in randomized complete blocks and weekly harvest dates (6) as subplots. Yields of dry matter (DM) were less consistent at the more northern location (Marshfield), which is known for its heavier, poorly drained soils. Despite locational differences, the taller-growing cultivar within each forage type frequently exhibited yield advantages over dwarf or shorter-growing cultivars; this occurred for 7 of 9 intra-forage-type comparisons (P ≤ 0.021) across three harvest cycles at Prairie du Sac, and for 6 of 9 similar comparisons (P ≤ 0.032) at Marshfield. In 2016, shorter-growing cultivars had greater percentages of leaf in 4 of 6 intra-forage-type comparisons at both locations (P ≤ 0.004), which is especially relevant for grazing. Similarly, PM cultivars exhibited shorter canopy heights (P ≤ 0.002), but greater percentages of leaf (P &lt; 0.001), than all other cultivars during all harvest cycles at both locations. However, the greater leaf percentages exhibited by PM cultivars did not translate into reduced percentages of structural plant fiber (asNDFom) on a whole-plant basis during any harvest cycle at either location; furthermore, asNDFom concentrations for PM cultivars were greater (P ≤ 0.047) than observed for other cultivars within 3 of 6 harvest cycles across both locations. Ruminal in-situ degradation of asNDFom for whole-plant forages based on a 48-h incubation was significantly greater (P ≤ 0.006) for PM compared with other cultivars in 4 of 6 harvest cycles. Pearl millet cultivars generally exhibited more suitable characteristics for grazing livestock than SU or S×SU cultivars.
Increasing Tuberculosis Rates and Association With Migration in Children Living in Campania Region, Southern Italy: A 10-Year Cohort Study
Authors: Lo Vecchio Andrea , Smarrazzo Andrea , Amato Chiara , Palladino Raffaele , Scarano Sara Maria , Spagnuolo Maria Immacolata , Bruzzese Eugenia , Guarino Alfredo 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Italy is classified as a low tuberculosis (TB) incidence country (rate 6.5/100,000 inhabitants). However, the Campania Region Pediatric Reference Centre (CRRC) observed an increase in TB, contemporarily with a rise in migration.
Our aim was to investigate trends in TB notification rates, association with migration, and changes in clinical outcomes of children living in Campania.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective cohort study (January 1, 2009–December 31, 2018), including children <18 years who received diagnosis of TB at the CRRC. Yearly crude TB incidence rates and relative confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated. Two main outcome measures were considered: loss to follow-up and poor clinical outcome, including prolonged or second-line treatment, sequelae, or death.

Results:
Overall 146 children (52.1% male; median age, 50 months; interquartile range, 96.33) received a diagnosis of TB. TB incidence rates increased from 0.44 cases (95% CI: 0.16–0.97) per 100,000 inhabitants <18 years of age in 2009 to 1.84 cases (95% CI: 1.15–2.79) in 2018 (P < 0.05) and linearly correlated with the rate of migrants (R2 = 0.9272; P < 0.0001). Ziehl-Neelsen-positive children had an increased likelihood of poor clinical outcomes (odds ratio, 4.83; 95% CI: 1.28–18.2; P = 0.020). Compared with Italians, foreign children showed a lower likelihood of cure without sequelae (49.3% versus 67.9%; P < 0.001; odds ratio, 0.45; 95% CI: 0.23–0.89; P = 0.02). They accounted for all fatal cases and loss to follow-up.

Conclusion:
Pediatric TB rate in Campania increased in the last 10 years in association with the increase in migration. Emphasizing national TB rates may disregard important differences in local infection trends and limit medical awareness about TB. Foreign children may need tailored management programs.