bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vulnerability to helpless behavior is regulated by the circadian clock component CRYPTOCHROME in the mouse nucleus accumbens
Authors: Porcu Alessandra , Vaughan Megan , Nilsson Anna , Arimoto Natsuko , Lamia Katja , Welsh David K. 
Published: June 2020

Significance
Depression is one of the most common, disabling, and expensive of all neuropsychiatric disorders. Emerging evidence implicates circadian rhythm abnormalities in the pathophysiology of depression. In particular, the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a central component of the midbrain dopamine reward circuit, exhibits disturbed circadian rhythms in postmortem brains of depressed patients, as well as in stressed mice exhibiting depression-like (helpless) behavior. Here we provide evidence for a molecular mechanism by which higher levels of the core circadian clock protein CRYPTOCHROME in the NAc may block D1 dopamine receptor activation during the nocturnal active phase of mice, thereby compromising normal daily activation of NAc neurons and leading to helpless behavior. This mechanism suggests a promising target for future antidepressant drugs.
Regional brain responses associated with using imagination to evoke and satiate thirst
Authors: Saker Pascal , Carey Steve , Grohmann Marcus , Farrell Michael J. , Ryan Philip J. , Egan Gary F. , McKinley Michael J. , Denton Derek A. 
Published: June 2020

Significance
This study provides three important insights into the neural representation of thirst. First, the experience of thirst can be dissociated from a physiological stimulus produced by changes in blood chemistry. Second, the network of brain regions associated with subjective thirst may incorporate regions involved in drinking behavior. Third, functional connectivity between the insula and the anterior midcingulate cortex appears necessary to generate an experience of thirst. In the absence of a physiological stimulus, use of imagination to evoke thirst also provides a means of investigating this subjective state with fMRI.
Mass measurement of Re-190
Authors: Griffiths M R , Wheldon C , Kokalova Tz , Turner A , Pirrie S , Ziman V , Ashwood N I , Malcolm J D , Barr M , Freer M , Faestermann Th , Wirth H-F , Hertenberger R , Gernhäuser R , Krücken R 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a measurement of the atomic mass and mass excess of

Re

75

190

are presented. This isotope and

Ir

77

192

were produced at the Maier-Leibnitz Laboratory (MLL) in Munich in the 192Os(d, α)190Re and 194Pt(d, α)192Ir reactions. The Q3D magnetic spectrograph was used to measure the momenta of the α-particle ejectiles in order to reconstruct states in both 190Re and 192Ir. A mass calibration was performed using known energy levels in 192Ir. These measurements were used to obtain a new value of the mass excess of 190Re, −35583 ± 5 keV. The previously known literature value is −35640 ± 70 keV.
Faradaic effects in electrochemically gated graphene sensors in the presence of redox active molecules
Authors: Neubert Tilmann J , Wehrhold Michel , Kaya Nur Selin , Balasubramanian Kannan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Field-effect transistors (FETs) based on graphene are promising devices for the direct sensing of a range of analytes in solution. We show here that the presence of redox active molecules in the analyte solution leads to the occurrence of heterogeneous electron transfer with graphene generating a Faradaic current (electron transfer) in a FET configuration resulting in shifts of the Dirac point. Such a shift occurs if the Faradaic current is significantly high, e.g. due to a large graphene area. Furthermore, the redox shift based on the Faradaic current, reminiscent of a doping-like effect, is found to be non-Nernstian and dependent on parameters known from electrode kinetics in potentiodynamic methods, such as the electrode area, the standard potential of the redox probes and the scan rate of the gate voltage modulation. This behavior clearly differentiates this effect from other transduction mechanisms based on electrostatic interactions or molecular charge transfer doping effects, which are usually behind a shift of the Dirac point. These observations suggest that large-area unmodified/pristine graphene in field-effect sensors behaves as a non-polarized electrode in liquid. Strategies for ensuring a polarized interface are discussed.
Deep learning of mammary gland distribution for architectural distortion detection in digital breast tomosynthesis
Authors: Li Yue , He Zilong , Lu Yao , Ma Xiangyuan , Guo Yanhui , Xie Zheng , Qin Genggeng , Xu Weimin , Xu Zeyuan , Chen Weiguo , Chen Haibin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Computer aided detection (CADe) for breast lesions can provide an important reference for radiologists in breast cancer screening. Architectural distortion (AD) is a type of breast lesion that is difficult to detect. A majority of CADe methods focus on detecting the radial pattern, which is a main characteristic of typical ADs. However, a few atypical ADs do not exhibit such a pattern. To improve the performance of CADe for typical and atypical ADs, we propose a deep-learning-based model that used mammary gland distribution as prior information to detect ADs in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). First, information about gland distribution, including the Gabor magnitude, the Gabor orientation field, and a convergence map, were produced using a bank of Gabor filters and convergence measures. Then, this prior information and an original slice were input into a Faster R-CNN detection network to obtain the 2-D candidates for each slice. Finally, a 3-D aggregation scheme was employed to fuse these 2-D candidates as 3-D candidates for each DBT volume. Retrospectively, 64 typical AD volumes, 74 atypical AD volumes, and 127 normal volumes were collected. Six-fold cross-validation and mean true positive fraction (MTPF) were used to evaluate the model. Compared to an existing convergence-based model, our proposed model achieved an MTPF of 0.53 ± 0.04, 0.61 ± 0.05, and 0.45 ± 0.04 for all DBT volumes, typical + normal volumes, and atypical + normal volumes, respectively. These results were significantly better than those of 0.36 ± 0.03, 0.46 ± 0.04, and 0.28 ± 0.04 for a convergence-based model (p ≪ 0.01). These results indicate that employing the prior information of gland distribution and a deep learning method can improve the performance of CADe for AD.
Towards full surface Brillouin zone mapping by coherent multi-photon photoemission
Authors: Li Andi , James Namitha Ann , Wang Tianyi , Wang Zehua , Petek Hrvoje , Reutzel Marcel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We report a novel approach for coherent multi-photon photoemission in the entire Brillouin zone with infrared light that is readily implemented in a laboratory setting. We excite a solid state material, Ag(110), with intense femtosecond laser pulses to excite higher-order multi-photon photoemission; angle-resolved electron spectroscopic acquisition records photoemission at large in-plane momenta involving optical transitions from the occupied to unoccupied bands of the sample that otherwise might remain hidden by the photoemission horizon. We propose this as a complementary ultrafast method to time- and angle-resolved two-color, e.g. infrared pump and extreme ultraviolet probe, photoemission spectroscopy, with the advantage of being able to measure and control the coherent electron dynamics.
Controls of point and diffuse sources lowered riverine nutrient concentrations asynchronously, thereby warping molar N:P ratios
Authors: Westphal Katja , Musolff Andreas , Graeber Daniel , Borchardt Dietrich 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The input of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) into rivers has been reduced in recent decades in many regions of the world to mitigate adverse eutrophication effects. However, legislation focused first on the reduction of nutrient loads from point sources and only later on diffuse sources. These reduction strategies have implications on riverine N:P stoichiometry, which potentially alter patterns of algal nutrient limitation and the functions or community structure of aquatic ecosystems. Here, we use a dataset spanning four decades of water quality for the Ruhr River (Germany) to show that the asynchronous implementation of point and diffuse source mitigation measures combined with time lags of catchment transport processes caused a temporally asynchronous reduction in dissolved inorganic nitrogen and total phosphorus concentrations. This asynchronous reduction increased the molar N:P ratios from around 30 to 100 in the river sections dominated by point sources, reducing the probability of N limitation of algae in favor of P limitation.
The Ruhr River catchment and the environmental policies implemented here illustrate the unintended effects of nutrient control strategies on the ecological stoichiometry at the catchment scale. We urge to assess systematically, whether unintentionally warped macronutrient ratios are observable in other managed river systems and to evaluate their environmental impacts.
Inaccessible entanglement in symmetry protected topological phases
Authors: de Groot Caroline , Stephen David T , Molnar Andras , Schuch Norbert 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
We study the entanglement structure of symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases from an operational point of view by considering entanglement distillation in the presence of symmetries. We demonstrate that non-trivial SPT phases in one-dimension necessarily contain some entanglement which is inaccessible if the symmetry is enforced. More precisely, we consider the setting of local operations and classical communication (LOCC) where the local operations commute with a global onsite symmetry group G, which we call G-LOCC, and we define the inaccessible entanglement E
inacc as the entanglement that cannot be used for distillation under G-LOCC. We derive a tight bound on E
inacc which demonstrates a direct relation between inaccessible entanglement and the SPT phase, namely

log

(

D

ω

2

)

⩽

E

i
n
a
c
c

⩽
log

(

|
G
|

)

, where D

ω
is the topologically protected edge mode degeneracy of the SPT phase ω with symmetry G. For particular phases such as the Haldane phase,

D

ω

=

|
G
|

so the bound becomes an equality. We numerically investigate the distribution of states throughout the bound, and show that typically the region near the upper bound is highly populated, and also determine the nature of those states lying on the upper and lower bounds. We then discuss the relation of E
inacc to string order parameters, and also the extent to which it can be used to distinguish different SPT phases of matter.
Blockchain based Architecture for Digital-right Management in Scientific Data Sharing
Authors: Zheng Xiaoying , Zhu Yongxin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The data integration and copyright protection are the essential requirements in promoting the scientific data sharing. We present a blockchain-based architecture for digital-right management in scientific data sharing. The main innovations are the multiple parallel sub-chains based block structure, and the on-chain/off-chain hybrid storage. This leads to an efficient and scalable data management platform for the large-scale scientific data and still maintains the tamper-proof and traceability features of blockchain. The qualitative analysis shows that the parallel sub-chain based architecture can improve the throughput and scalability of the original Hyperledger Fabric chain by up to 10x.
Comparison of HY-2B Passive Brightness Temperatures with SSMI/S, GMI, AMSR2 and MWRI in Land Surface
Authors: Gao Shuo , Li Zhen , Chen Quan , Ping Zhang , Zhou Wu 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
China launched a new marine satellite HaiYang (HY)-2B satellite on October 24, 2018 at 22:57 (UTC time), which provides full-time and all-weather observations with a design life of five years. It can cover 90% of the world’s oceans and obtain marine dynamic environment data. The Scanning Microwave Radiometer (SMR) is the main payload onboard the HY-2B, which can provide near-real-time observations. The instrument is a 5-frequency 9-channel microwave observing instrument with the central frequencies set to 6.925, 10.7, 18.7, 23.8, and 37 GHz. Except for 23.8 GHz, which is vertical polarization only, other four frequencies have both vertical and horizontal polarization detection channels. For the past forty years, passive microwave brightness temperature data from the Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR), Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I), Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMI/S), Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) and the Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2), Microwave Radiation Imager (MWRI) and the microwave imager of Global Precipitation Measurement mission (GMI) have provided considerable information on geophysical and climatic research. In order to expand the use of SMR observations on the earth’s land surface, in this study, SMR is compared with other on-orbit radiometers (SSMI/S, AMSR2, MWRI and GMI), and is conducted the cross-sensor calibration in land surface, which is critical foundation for the inversion of Earth surface geophysical parameters and climate researches in the near future.
The evolution of LiDAR and its application in high precision measurement
Authors: Wang Xin , Pan HuaZhi , Guo Kai , Yang Xinli , Luo Sheng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
LiDAR is one of the backbones of the remote sensing methods that acquiring high-density and high-accuracy geo-referenced data about the shape of the Earth and its surface characteristics. This paper elaborated the the evolution of LiDAR technology, the main enterprises and their representative products, by listing the research emphasis and application cases where LiDAR technology is being used nowadays, we can find the characteristics and funtions of LiDAR.the future development of LiDAR will mainly focus on new source of radiation, the integration of multi-sensor system and data fusion, the exploration of new mechanism of LiDAR, some suggestions are also made in domestic development directions of high precision LiDAR system.
Lake Ice Phenology Extraction using Machine Learning Methodology
Authors: Xie Pengfei , Qiu Yubao , Wang XingXing , Shi Lijuan , Liang Wenshan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Lake-ice phenology is one of the key cryosphere indicators. Based on changes in time series of daily lake ice coverage and the microwave brightness temperature, two machine-learning methods were selected for estimating the phenology of lake ice. Using MODIS lake ice coverage time series, a convolutional neural network (CNN) was used to automatically classify lakes as either having or not having regular freezing signatures. The classification results were compared to the test samples and classification accuracies of 91% and 100% were found for lakes that do and do not freeze annually, respectively. In order to extract the lake ice phenology from passive microwave brightness temperature data, support vector regression (SVR) was used: the freeze-up start (FUS) and break-up end (BUE) were extracted using time series of estimated emissivity. The lake ice phenology results obtained using SVR were compared with the reference results. The values of R2 for FUS and BUE were 0.8928 and 0.8899, respectively. These results show that it is possible to use AI methods for the fast extraction of the phenology of lake ice and that these methods can be applied to lakes globally.
Dynamic visual simulation of growth and management of Chinese Fir Based on Structured Forest Management
Authors: Kang Shen , Tingdong Yang , Huaiqing Zhang , Lili Zhang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Based on the theory of Structure-based Forest Management, this paper studies the growth-management process of a forest considering the healthy state of the forest structure, and realizes three-dimensional visual simulation of this process based on unity3D. According to the angle scale, size ratio, crowding degree and other quantitative indexes of forest structure proposed by the theory of Structure-based Forest Management, the Spatial Structural function model and urgency management of forest were established to quantify the state of forest structure from many aspects. The growth equation of Chinese fir was fitted by the single tree growth equation based on the Hegyi competition index and forest density. Pre-thinning timbers are selected according to the rule that the cutting volume is less than the all growth volume in stand and size of competition index, and then the top 30%, 50% or 80% of pre-thinning timbers are extracted by rule sampling on the basis of pre-thinning timbers, and the stand structure function after thinning is alse calculated. The minimum value of thinning plan is taken as the actual thinning plan. Our results show that according to the growth period of 5 years, the growth and management of sample plot 5 were simulated for next 10 years. As in this case, based on the structured forest management, the dynamic visual simulation method of Chinese fir stand growth-management can realize the visual simulation of Chinese fir stand growth and management, which is a good way to show the forest growth management, and has a good demonstration role in improving the forestry informatization.
Study on the spatial distribution of multitype leisure agriculture aggregate centers in Beijing
Authors: Han Chunmeng , Liu Huiping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Leisure agriculture aggregate centers are generally multitype leisure agriculture complexes. Due to the processes of urban development, land use succession and urban planning, different types of leisure agriculture have different spatial distribution patterns. Limited by the availability of data and technology, traditional studies have generally been based on a single type or fuzzy type of leisure agriculture spatial distribution. These studies could not adapt to the need for analysis of the microscale mechanisms and had difficulty accurately describing the spatial distributions of the multiple types of leisure agriculture. Based on the components of Beijing leisure agriculture and with the use of multitype leisure agriculture POI data, this paper used the kernel density estimation (KDE) and the natural breaks method to identify the aggregate centers of multitype leisure agriculture in Beijing and then explored their spatial distribution patterns. The results showed that the spatial distribution patterns of Beijing leisure agriculture presented point-axis development patterns, that the spatial distribution patterns of happy farmhouses and picking gardens presented point-axis development patterns, and that the spatial distribution patterns of the fishing gardens and agricultural bases showed multiaxis development patterns. This paper could contribute to the exploration of the relationships between leisure agriculture and urban areas and the rational distribution, establish suitable leisure agriculture projects, and provide an important reference for spatial competition and cooperation.
Application of Multi-data Fusion Technology in Landslide Monitoring
Authors: Zhang Xuehua , Qi Yaolong , Xu Jianhua , Du Xiaoxia , Lai Junyan , Tan Weixian , Huang Pingping 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
At present, there are more than 280,000 hidden danger points of geological disasters in China. It has been proved that one of effective ways of reducing geological disasters is using professional equipment to monitor and mobilize the masses. The commonly professional devices include slope radar, crack gauge, laser radar and optical images in early warning period and in rescue phase. Each device has its own unique advantages and we developed a reasonable technical route to achieve the aim that combining the advantages of these various data. The mainly steps: the first step is to process the various data separately; secondly, to fuse the data that can be merged; thirdly, to perform overlay analysis and display on non-integratable data. We takes the high-level landslide of Xinmo Village, Sichuan Province on June 24, 2017 to verify the route’s effective. The results show that the multi-data fusion method can not only achieved the all-round monitoring of key hidden points, but also combined the advantages of multiple data and achieved millimetre-level monitoring accuracy and clear and intuitive effects.
Contrasting patterns of population divergence on young and old landscapes inBanksia seminuda(Proteaceae), with evidence for recognition of subspecies
Authors: Robins Timothy P , Binks Rachel M , Byrne Margaret , Hopper Stephen D 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOCBIL theory provides a basis for understanding of the evolution and ecology of biota on old, climatically buffered, infertile landscapes (OCBILs) worldwide. Here, we test a genetic hypothesis presented in OCBIL theory that predicts highly differentiated intraspecific population systems on OCBILs vs. more limited differentiation on young, often disturbed, fertile landscapes (YODFELs). We examined patterns of genomic and morphological divergence in Banksia seminuda across OCBILs and YODFELs in south-western Australia. We also used these data to determine whether these OCBIL and YODFEL populations represent distinct subspecific lineages, a point of previous contention among taxonomists. As hypothesized, genomic analyses based on 3466 SNP loci revealed strong structuring within B. seminuda, with high differentiation across narrow geographic scales among OCBIL populations vs. lower differentiation across much larger geographic scales among YODFEL populations. In addition, genomic and morphological divergence was found between OCBIL and YODFEL populations, providing comprehensive quantitative evidence for two subspecies. These findings have taxonomic implications for the species and provide support for OCBIL theory and its insights into the evolution, ecology and conservation of biota on ancient landscapes.
Understanding out of Home Care Rates in Northern Ireland: A Thematic Analysis of Mixed Methods Case Studies
Authors: Mason Will , Morris Kate , Featherstone Brid , Bunting Lisa , Davidson Gavin , McCartan Claire , Bywaters Paul , Webb Calum 
Published: June 2020

AbstractResearch exploring inequalities in UK child welfare interventions has produced counter-intuitive findings with respect to Northern Ireland (NI). Despite experiencing the highest levels of deprivation, NI also displays the lowest rates of children in care of all the UK nations. With reference to wider evidence in the field of child welfare inequalities, this article details the findings of two exploratory mixed methods case studies, located within NI Health and Social Care Trusts. Drawing on the narratives offered by child and family social workers, a series of possible explanations for NI’s significantly lower out of home care rates are considered. We suggest the operation of intersecting factors at multiple levels, including social work systems and practices, early help systems and structures, communities and families. These findings extend understandings of NI’s out of home care rates whilst raising broader questions for social work research and practice.