bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supporting caregivers of children born prematurely in the development of language: A scoping review
Authors: Belanger Roxanne , Leroux Dominique , Lefebvre Pascal 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Infants born prematurely can display impairments that negatively impact the early years of their development. Compared to their peers born at term, preterm children have higher risks of cerebral palsy, sensory deficits, learning disabilities, cognitive and language deficits, as well as difficulties related to attention and behaviour. Following discharge, parents of preterm children are often supported through neonatal follow-up programs or by community health care practitioners. Through assessment and consultation, professionals foster parental resilience by teaching them about their child’s development. Research shows a large volume of literature on improving outcomes for preterm infants, but less attention has been given to the impact and potential importance of education of parents regarding the care they provide from the home.

Objective
A scoping review was completed to determine the best practices for early intervention in premature children regarding the development of language skills during the preschool years.

Methods
The review followed the guidelines for the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).

Results
Four general themes emerged from the review and included the importance of providing (1) parental training in the care of an infant born prematurely during neonatal intensive care unit stay; (2) education on the development of language and the importance of parental responsiveness; (3) provision of activities to support child language learning; and (4) overall and ongoing monitoring and support by qualified health professionals.

Conclusions
The conclusions drawn will provide guidance to health care professionals regarding the education of parents on best practices for stimulating language development in their child.
Modification of relativistic beam fields under the influence of external conducting and ferromagnetic flat boundaries
Authors: Levchenko B B 
Published: October 2019

AbstractWe derive analytical expressions for external fields of a relativistic bunch of charged particles with a circular and an elliptical cross section under different boundary conditions and interaction of the fields with an accelerator structural elements. The particle density in the bunch is assumed to be uniform as well as non-uniform. At distances far apart from the bunch, in free space the field reduces to the relativistic modified Coulomb form for a pointlike charge and at small distances the expressions reproduce the external fields of a continuous beam. In an ultra-relativistic limit the longitudinal components of the internal and external electric fields of the bunch are strongly suppressed by the Lorentz factor. If the bunch is surrounded by conducting surfaces, the bunch self-fields are modified. Image fields generated by a bunch between two parallel conducting plates are studied in detail. Exact summation of the electric, $E_y$, and magnetic, $B_x$, image field components allows the infinite series to be represented in terms of elementary trigonometric functions. The new expressions for modified fields are applied to study image forces acting on the bunch constituents and the bunch as a whole. The coherent and incoherent tune shifts for an arbitrary bunch displacement from the midplane are calculated in the framework of an improved linear theory, for both infinite and finite parallel flat surfaces. Moreover, the developed method allows us to generalize the Laslett image coefficients $\epsilon_1$, $\epsilon_2$, $\xi_1$, $\xi_2$ to the case of an arbitrary bunch offset and reveal relationships between these coefficients. Appendix C provides a brief historical background of the development of the method of electrical images.
Evidence for sleep-dependent synaptic renormalization in mouse pups
Authors: de Vivo Luisa , Nagai Hirotaka , De Wispelaere Noemi , Spano Giovanna Maria , Marshall William , Bellesi Michele , Nemec Kelsey Marie , Schiereck Shannon Sandra , Nagai Midori , Tononi Giulio , Cirelli Chiara 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In adolescent and adult brains several molecular, electrophysiological, and ultrastructural measures of synaptic strength are higher after wake than after sleep [1, 2]. These results support the proposal that a core function of sleep is to renormalize the increase in synaptic strength associated with ongoing learning during wake, to reestablish cellular homeostasis and avoid runaway potentiation, synaptic saturation, and memory interference [2, 3]. Before adolescence however, when the brain is still growing and many new synapses are forming, sleep is widely believed to promote synapse formation and growth. To assess the role of sleep on synapses early in life, we studied 2-week-old mouse pups (both sexes) whose brain is still undergoing significant developmental changes, but in which sleep and wake are easy to recognize. In two strains (CD-1, YFP-H) we found that pups spend ~50% of the day asleep and show an immediate increase in total sleep duration after a few hours of enforced wake, indicative of sleep homeostasis. In YFP-H pups we then used serial block-face electron microscopy to examine whether the axon-spine interface (ASI), an ultrastructural marker of synaptic strength, changes between wake and sleep. We found that the ASI of cortical synapses (layer 2, motor cortex) was on average 33.9% smaller after sleep relative to after extended wake and the differences between conditions were consistent with multiplicative scaling. Thus, the need for sleep-dependent synaptic renormalization may apply also to the young, pre-weaned cerebral cortex, at least in the superficial layers of the primary motor area.
Atypical bodily self-awareness in vicarious pain responders
Authors: Bowling Natalie C. , Botan Vanessa , Santiesteban Idalmis , Ward Jamie , Banissy Michael J. 
Published: October 2019

Vicarious perception refers to the ability to co-represent the experiences of others. Prior research has shown considerable inter-individual variability in vicarious perception of pain, with some experiencing conscious sensations of pain on their own body when viewing another person in pain (conscious vicarious perception/mirror-pain synaesthesia). Self–Other Theory proposes that this conscious vicarious perception may result from impairments in self–other distinction and maintaining a coherent sense of bodily self. In support of this, individuals who experience conscious vicarious perception are more susceptible to illusions of body ownership and agency. However, little work has assessed whether trait differences in bodily self-awareness are associated with conscious vicarious pain. Here we addressed this gap by examining individual difference factors related to awareness of the body, in conscious vicarious pain responders. Increased self-reported depersonalization and interoceptive sensibility was found for conscious vicarious pain responders compared with non-responders, in addition to more internally oriented thinking (associated with lower alexithymia). There were no significant differences in trait anxiety. Results indicate that maintaining a stable sense of the bodily self may be important for vicarious perception of pain, and that vicarious perception might also be enhanced by attention towards internal bodily states.
This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Bridging senses: novel insights from synaesthesia’.
Enhanced self-reported affect and prosocial behaviour without differential physiological responses in mirror-sensory synaesthesia
Authors: Ioumpa Kalliopi , Graham Sarah A. , Clausner Tommy , Fisher Simon E. , van Lier Rob , van Leeuwen Tessa M. 
Published: October 2019

Mirror-sensory synaesthetes mirror the pain or touch that they observe in other people on their own bodies. This type of synaesthesia has been associated with enhanced empathy. We investigated whether the enhanced empathy of people with mirror-sensory synesthesia influences the experience of situations involving touch or pain and whether it affects their prosocial decision making. Mirror-sensory synaesthetes (N= 18, all female), verified with a touch-interference paradigm, were compared with a similar number of age-matched control individuals (all female). Participants viewed arousing images depicting pain or touch; we recorded subjective valence and arousal ratings, and physiological responses, hypothesizing more extreme reactions in synaesthetes. The subjective impact of positive and negative images was stronger in synaesthetes than in control participants; the stronger the reported synaesthesia, the more extreme the picture ratings. However, there was no evidence for differential physiological or hormonal responses to arousing pictures. Prosocial decision making was assessed with an economic game assessing altruism, in which participants had to divide money between themselves and a second player. Mirror-sensory synaesthetes donated more money than non-synaesthetes, showing enhanced prosocial behaviour, and also scored higher on the Interpersonal Reactivity Index as a measure of empathy. Our study demonstrates the subjective impact of mirror-sensory synaesthesia and its stimulating influence on prosocial behaviour.This article is part of the discussion meeting issue ‘Bridging senses: novel insights from synaesthesia’.
Skeletal muscle reprogramming by breast cancer regardless of treatment history or tumor molecular subtype
Authors: Wilson Hannah E. , Stanton David A. , Montgomery Cortney , Infante Aniello M. , Taylor Matthew , Hazard-Jenkins Hannah , Pugacheva Elena N. , Pistilli Emidio E. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTIncreased susceptibility to fatigue is a negative predictor of survival commonly experienced by women with breast cancer. Here, we sought to identify molecular changes induced in human skeletal muscle by BC regardless of treatment history or tumor molecular subtype using RNA-sequencing and proteomic analyses. Mitochondrial dysfunction was apparent across all molecular subtypes, with the greatest degree of transcriptomic changes occurring in women with HER2/neu-overexpressing tumors, though muscle from patients of all subtypes exhibited similar pathway-level dysregulation. Interestingly, we found no relationship between anti-cancer treatments and muscle gene expression, suggesting that fatigue is a product of BCper serather than clinical history.In vitroandin vivoexperimentation confirmed the ability of BC cells to alter mitochondrial function and ATP content in muscle. These data suggest that interventions supporting muscle in the presence of BC-induced mitochondrial dysfunction may alleviate fatigue and improve the lives of women with BC.
Unravelling the Stability and Capsid Dynamics of the Three Virions of Brome Mosaic Virus Assembled Autonomously In Vivo
Authors: Chakravarty Antara , Beren Christian , Garmann Rees , Rao A.L.N. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTViral capsids are dynamic assemblies that undergo controlled conformational transitions to perform various biological functions. The replicated three-molecule RNA progeny of Brome mosaic virus (BMV) are packaged by a single capsid protein (CP) into three types of morphologically indistinguishable icosahedral virions with T=3 quasi-symmetry. Type 1 (B1v) and type 2 (B2v) virions respectively package genomic RNA1 or RNA2, while type 3 (B3+4v) co-packages genomic RNA3 (B3) and its sub-genomic RNA4 (B4). In this study, the application of a robust Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression system allowed us to assemble each virion type separately in planta. Physical and biochemical approaches analyzing the morphology, size, and electrophoretic mobility failed to distinguish between the virion types, so protease-based mapping experiments were used to analyze the conformational dynamics of the individual virions. The crystallographic structure of the BMV capsid shows four trypsin-cleavage sites (K65, R103, K111 and K165 on the A, B and C subunits) exposed on the exterior of the capsid. Irrespective of the digestion time, while retaining their capsid structural integrity, B1v and B2v released only two peptides involving amino acids 2-8 and 16-22 from the N-proximal arginine-rich RNA binding motif. In contrast, B3+4v capsids are unstable to trypsin, releasing several peptides in addition to the four sites predicted to be exposed on the capsid exterior. These results, demonstrating qualitatively different dynamics for the three types of BMV virions, suggest that the different RNA genes they contain may have different translational timing and efficiency and may even impart different structures to their capsids.IMPORTANCEThe majority of viruses contain RNA genomes protected by a shell of capsid proteins. Although crystallographic studies show that viral capsids are static structures, accumulating evidence suggests that in solution virions are highly dynamic assemblies. The three genomic RNAs (RNAs 1, 2 and 3) and a single subgenomic RNA (RNA4) of Brome mosaic virus (BMV), an RNA virus pathogenic to plants, are distributed among three physically homogeneous virions. This study examines the capsid dynamics by MALDI-TOF analyses following trypsin digestion of the three virions assembled separately in vivo using the Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression approach. The results provide compelling evidence that virions packaging genomic RNAs1 and 2 are more stable and dynamically distinct from those co-packaging RNA3 and 4, suggesting that RNA-dependent capsid dynamics play an important biological role in the viral life cycle.
Reference-free resolution of long-read metagenomic data
Authors: Khachatryan Lusine , Anvar Seyed Yahya , Vossen Rolf H. A. M. , Laros Jeroen F. J. 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTBackgroundRead binning is a key step in proper and accurate analysis of metagenomics data. Typically, this is performed by comparing metagenomics reads to known microbial sequences. However, microbial communities usually contain mixtures of hundreds to thousands of unknown bacteria. This restricts the accuracy and completeness of alignment-based approaches. The possibility of reference-free deconvolution of environmental sequencing data could benefit the field of metagenomics, contributing to the estimation of metagenome complexity, improving the metagenome assembly, and enabling the investigation of new bacterial species that are not visible using standard laboratory or alignment-based bioinformatics techniques.ResultsHere, we apply an alignment-free method that leverages on k-mer frequencies to classify reads within a single long read metagenomic dataset. In addition to a series of simulated metagenomic datasets, we generated sequencing data from a bioreactor microbiome using the PacBio RSII single-molecule real-time sequencing platform. We show that distances obtained after the comparison of k-mer profiles can reveal relationships between reads within a single metagenome, leading to a clustering per species.ConclusionsIn this study, we demonstrated the possibility to detect substructures within a single metagenome operating only with the information derived from the sequencing reads. The obtained results are highly important as they establish a principle that might potentially expand the toolkit for the detection and investigation of previously unknow microorganisms.
Limited overlap in RNA virome composition among rabbits and their ectoparasites reveals barriers to virus transmission
Authors: Mahar Jackie E. , Shi Mang , Hall Robyn N. , Strive Tanja , Holmes Edward C. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEctoparasites play an important role in virus transmission among vertebrates. However, little is known about the extent and composition of viruses that pass between invertebrates and vertebrates. In Australia, flies and fleas support the mechanical transmission of viral biological controls against wild rabbits - rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) and myxoma virus. We compared virome structure and composition in rabbits and these associated ectoparasites, sequencing total RNA from multiple tissues and gut contents of wild rabbits, fleas collected from these rabbits, and flies trapped sympatrically. Meta-transcriptomic analyses identified 50 novel viruses from multiple RNA virus families. Rabbits and their ectoparasites were characterised by markedly different viromes: although viral contigs from six virus families/groups were found in both rabbits and ectoparasites, none were vertebrate-associated. A novel calicivirus and picornavirus detected in rabbit caecal content were vertebrate-specific: the newly detected calicivirus was distinct from known rabbit caliciviruses, while the novel picornavirus clustered with theSapeloviruses. SeveralPicobirnaviridaewere also identified, falling in diverse phylogenetic positions suggestive of an association with co-infecting bacteria. The remaining viruses found in rabbits, and all those from ectoparasites, were likely associated with invertebrates, plants and co-infecting endosymbionts. While no full genomes of vertebrate-associated viruses were detected in ectoparasites, suggestive of major barriers to biological transmission with active replication, small numbers of reads from rabbit astrovirus, RHDV and other lagoviruses were present in flies. This supports the role of flies in the mechanical transmission of RHDV and implies that they may assist the spread of astroviruses.
Granulins modulate liquid-liquid phase separation and aggregation of TDP-43 C-terminal domain
Authors: Bhopatkar Anukool A. , Uversky Vladimir N. , Rangachari Vijayaraghavan 
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACTTar DNA binding protein (TDP-43) has emerged as a key player in many neurodegenerative pathologies including frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotropic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Important hallmarks of FTLD and ALS are the toxic cytoplasmic inclusions of C-terminal fragments of TDP-43 (TDP-43CTD), which are formed upon proteolytic cleavage of full-length TDP-43 in the nucleus and subsequent transport to the cytoplasm. TDP-43CTD is also known to form stress granules (SGs) by coacervating with RNA in cytoplasm under stress conditions and are believed to be involved in modulating the pathologies. Among other factors affecting these pathologies, the pleiotropic protein called progranulin (PGRN) has gained significant attention lately. The haploinsufficiency of PGRN, caused by autosomal dominant mutations inGRNgene, results in its loss-of-function linked to FTLD and ALS. But precisely how the protein contributes to the pathology remains unknown. Recently, cleavage to GRNs were observed to be a significant part of FTLD and ALS progression with specific GRNs exacerbating TDP-43-induced toxicity inC.elegans. In this report, we show that GRNs −3 and −5 directly interact with TDP-43CTD to modulate latter’s aggregation or stress granule formation in disparate ways in vitro. These results constitute the first observation of direct interaction between GRNs and TDP-43 and suggest a mechanism by which the loss of PGRN function could lead to FTLD and ALS.
The price of cider: empirical analysis in Québec province
Authors: Outreville J. François , Le Fur Eric 
Published: October 2019

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the main factors and mechanisms that govern the price of cider, and to apply the analysis to the price of ciders in the Province of Québec, Canada.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is following the methodology applied to the determinants of the price of wine. A model for the price of cider is estimated with 70 prices representing five regions and five types of products.FindingsThe analysis is limited to one geographical factor, i.e. the region of origin and factors related to the producer, i.e. the age and the size of the firm. The results conclude on the importance of geographical factors related to the region of origin. The relationship between the price of ciders and the region of origin is statistically significant at the 1 percent level for two regions and shows a high premium for ciders produced in these two regions. Production factors related to the age and the size of the production unit although showing the expected sign are not statistically significant to conclude on the impact. There is a small premium for producing effervescent cider compared to still or rosé cider but the most statistically significant results at a 1 percent level are for ice ciders and fortified ciders which are two typical products from Québec.Research limitations/implicationsThe analysis has important potential implications on the role of certification of origin. Cider regions in Québec, Canada have recently defined quality standards applied to specialties like Ice cider and Fire ciders. The choice of high quality products is reflected in the premium associated to the price of these products.Originality/valueContrary to the wine sector, there is a lack of research and literature on the determinants of the price of ciders. This study is the first to propose a pricing model to examine some of the determinants of prices.
Organic milk supply in Poland: market and policy developments
Authors: Zuba-Ciszewska Maria , Kowalska Aleksandra , Manning Louise , Brodziak Aneta 
Published: October 2019

Purpose
Global demand for organic milk products gives an opportunity to Polish organic farmers and dairies to supply national, European Union and international milk markets. The purpose of this paper is to review the historic and contemporary changes in organic milk production and processing in Poland, in order to identify the main factors of influence and to propose the direction of future market and policy development in the sector.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, secondary data from a range of literature sources and databases are analysed. The Lorenz’s concentration ratio is applied to the data derived to evaluate the degree of concentration of certified organic farms in the different regions of Poland and conclusions are drawn as a result.

Findings
Organic dairy farm operations in Poland are small scale and territorially dispersed. Although there is some evidence of growing supply concentration, Polish processors of organic milk face multiple barriers to development not least a lack of continuity of supplies. Whilst global markets are of interest, the development of alternative, innovative food networks in Poland that focus on provenance, integrity and promoting the special health benefits of organic milk would be of value to the sector, but further cooperation and integration is essential to take advantage of these market opportunities.

Originality/value
This research underpins the need for appropriate national policies in Poland for the development and actualisation of a dynamic organic milk supply system that delivers value to local, regional and international markets.