bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amides and Heparin‐Like Polymer Co‐Functionalized Graphene Oxide Based Core @ Polyethersulfone Based Shell Beads for Bilirubin Adsorption
Authors: He Chao , Li Mingyuan , Zhang Jue , Yan Bingqing , Zhao Weifeng , Sun Shudong , Zhao Changsheng 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExcessive bilirubin in the body of patient with liver dysfunction or metabolic obstruction may cause jaundice with irreversible brain damage, and new type of adsorbent for bilirubin is under frequent investigation. Herein, graphene oxide based core @ polyethersulfone‐based shell beads are fabricated by phase inversion method, amides and heparin‐like polymer are introduced to functionalize the core‐shell beads. The beads are successfully prepared with obvious core‐shell structure, adequate thermostability and porous shell. Clotting times and protein adsorption are investigated to inspect the hemocompatibility property of the beads. The adsorption of bilirubin is systematically investigated by evaluating the effects of contacting time, initial concentration and temperature on the adsorption, which exhibits improved bilirubin adsorption amount for the beads with amides contained cores or/and shells. It is worth believing that the amides and heparin‐like polymer co‐functionalized core‐shell beads may be utilized in the field of hemoperfusion for bilirubin adsorption.
One‐pot fluorine‐free superhydrophobic surface towards corrosion resistance and water droplet bouncing
Authors: Zhang Binbin , Wang Jia , Zhang Jie 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe drawbacks of artificial fabrication methods of superhydrophobic surface including multistep operations, time‐consuming and fluorine‐containing chemicals employment lead to inefficient preparation, severe environmental pollution, and safety concerns, restricting the large‐scale manufacturing and promising applications. Herein, a fluorine‐free stearic acid‐based one‐pot hydrothermal strategy was employed to simultaneously achieve surface roughness and low surface energy, transforming the surface wettability from hydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity. The as‐fabricated superhydrophobic 5083 Al alloy surface exhibits excellent water‐droplet bouncing, ultralow surface adhesion force, and repeatable self‐cleaning ability. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results reveal that the impedance modulus value |Z|0.01 Hz was remarkably improved, demonstrating a high‐efficiency corrosion resistance. We believe that the one‐pot fluorine‐free hydrothermal‐fabricated superhydrophobic surface can be considered as an efficient barrier against corrosive environments, and being beneficial for the functional applications of metallic materials.
Photocatalytic Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reactions over Palladium Anchored on 8‐Hydroxyquinoline‐Based Polymers
Authors: Zhang Yan , Zhang Xiaoli , Gao Ju , Du Cheng , Xie Mingjiang , Au Chaktong , Chen Jian , Wan Liu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThrough a one‐pot Friedel–Crafts polymerization method, a series of 8‐hydroxyquinoline‐based polymers with excellent light capturing ability is synthesized to support palladium for light‐driven Suzuki–Miyaura reactions (SMRs). The results of X‐ray powder diffractometer and transmission electron microscopy analyses suggest that the 8‐hydroxyquinoline‐based polymers are amorphous in structure and irregular in morphology. According to the data of thermogravimetric analysis and Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller gas absorption, they are thermally stable up to 340 °C and are large in specific surface area. With palladium anchored securely on the 8‐hydroxyquinoline units of the polymer skeleton, the obtained photocatalysts exhibit excellent activity and reusability in SMRs under blue‐light irradiation.
Effect of Halloysite Nanotubes on the Rheological and Phase Separation Behaviors in a Poly(ethylene oxide)/Ionic Liquid Mixture
Authors: Luo Huan , Liu Gang , Chen Yunlei , Niu Yanhua , Li Guangxian 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA series ternary composites of poly(ethylene oxide)/ionic liquid 30/70 (P30) with uniformly dispersed halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) are investigated in the homogeneous and two‐phase regions. For P30/HNTs composites, a relatively lower percolation threshold about 3 wt% of HNTs loading is observed in the single‐phase region of P30. Beyond the percolation threshold, the steady shear flow exhibits two shear‐thinning regions due to the coupled relaxation of HNTs network and polymer entanglement. In the two‐phase region of P30, the mobility of ionic liquids (ILs) can be impeded accounting for the filler network forming. Not only the phase recovery during cyclic heating–cooling treatment near the phase boundary is accelerated, but also the phase separation kinetics is significantly retarded owing to HNTs dispersed in the PEO‐rich phase impeding the escaping of ILs from PEO phase. The lower storage modulus G′ for P30/HNTs‐4wt% compared to P30/HNTs‐3wt% in a two‐phase region is connected with the competition between the filler contribution and additional elasticity induced by phase separation.
Luminescent Copolymer‐Rhenium(I) Hybrid Materials via Picolylamine‐Modified Poly(pentafluorophenyl acrylate)
Authors: Fantini Gregorio , Dallerba Elena , Massi Massimiliano , Lowe Andrew B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe synthesis and photophysical properties of well‐defined polymer‐rhenium(I) hybrid materials is described. Reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of pentafluorophenyl acrylate yields a parent homopolymer that serves as a reactive scaffold for the preparation of a series of new statistical copolymers containing pendent pyridyl functional groups in conjunction with various other repeat unit species. Attachment of [Re(CO)3(phen)]+ fragments via coordination through the pendent pyridyl groups yields the hybrid metal‐copolymer materials. Photophysical studies confirm successful rhenium coordination as judged from the absorption and emission profiles of the hybrid materials and further verify that the polymeric scaffold has no discernable effect on the luminescent properties of the coordinated rhenium species.
The study of METTL14, ALKBH5, and YTHDF2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Luo Qing , Rao Jiayue , Zhang Lu , Fu Biqi , Guo Yang , Huang Zikun , Li Junming 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study was aimed to explore the mRNA expression of m6A “writers” (METTL3, MTEEL14, and WTAP), “erasers” (FTO and ALKBH5), and “readers” (YTHDF2) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and investigate the relation between their expressions with clinical features.MethodsIn all, 54 SLE patients and 42 healthy controls (HC) were included in the current study. Quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was used to investigate the mRNA expression of m6A “writers,” “erasers,” and “readers” in PBMCs from SLE patients and HC.ResultsDecreased mRNA expression of MTEEL14, ALKBH5, and YTHDF2 was observed in SLE patients compared with those in HC (p < .001). The decreased mRNA expression of METTL14 was associated with white blood cell count (WBC) and monocyte count (M), this decreased mRNA expression of ALKBH5 was associated with C‐reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil percentage (N%), lymphocyte percentage (L%), neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), complement 3 (C3), and fever, and the decreased mRNA expression of YTHDF2 was associated with L%, NLR, C3, and fever. In addition, there was a positive correlation between mRNA expression of METTL14, ALKBH5, and YTHDF2 in PBMCs from SLE patients. Importantly, logistic regression analysis revealed that decreased mRNA expression of YTHDF2 was a risk factor for SLE.ConclusionTaken all together, our findings suggested decreased YTHDF2 that was associated with disease activity may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SLE, METTL14 and ALKBH5 may be concomitantly decreased.
Effect of reoxygenation on hypofractionated radiotherapy of prostate cancer
Authors: Kuperman V. Y. , Lubich L. M. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeTo assess the role of reoxygenation of hypoxic tumor cells in hypofractionated radiotherapy of prostate cancer.MethodsThe considered radiobiological model is based on the assumption of two populations (compartments) of cells: oxygenated (aerobic) cells and hypoxic cells. After each fraction of radiation, some of the hypoxic cells reoxygenate while a fraction of initially aerobic cells becomes hypoxic. The kinetics of this process between successive treatments is described by coupled, first‐order differential equations. To determine the effect of reoxygenation on cell kill in the treatment target, we utilize the linear‐quadratic (LQ) model assuming different radiosensitivities for the aerobic and hypoxic cells.ResultsAnalytical solutions for the number of surviving malignant cells are obtained for special cases of slow and fast reoxygenation. The radiobiological effect of reoxygenation for different fractionation regimens is also evaluated numerically.ConclusionsIn this study, a radiobiological model for kinetics of reoxygenation in tumors is used to evaluate different fractionation schedules in radiotherapy of prostate cancer. The obtained results indicate that in the case of low alpha/beta ratio for malignant cells (e.g., = 1.5 Gy), treatment schedule with 4–10 fractions and dose per fraction >4–5 Gy can result in increased cell kill in the treatment target at the same level of rectal toxicity as compared to conventional fractionation. The findings of this study also suggest that radiotherapy of the prostate with 1–3 fractions can be radiobiologically inferior to treatments with greater number of fractions.
Clinical evaluation of three respiratory gating schemes for different respiratory patterns on cardiac SPECT
Authors: Zhang Duo , Sun Jingzhang , Pretorius P. Hendrik , King Michael , Mok Greta S. P. 
Published: June 2020

PurposeRespiratory gating reduces respiratory blur in cardiac single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). It can be implemented as three gating schemes: (a) equal amplitude‐based gating (AG); (b) phase or time‐based gating (TG); or (c) equal count‐based gating (CG), that is, a variant of amplitude‐based method. The goal of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of these respiratory gating methods for patients with different respiratory patterns in myocardial perfusion SPECT.MethodsWe reviewed 1274 anonymized patient respiratory traces obtained via the Vicon motion‐tracking system during their 99mTc‐sestamibi SPECT scans and grouped them into four breathing categories: (a) regular respiration (RR); (b) periodic respiration (PR); (c) respiration with apnea (AR); and (d) unclassified respiration (UR). For each respiratory pattern, 15 patients were randomly selected and their list‐mode data were rebinned using the three gating schemes. A preliminary reconstruction was performed for each gate with the heart region segmented and registered to a reference gate to estimate the respiratory motion. A final reconstruction incorporating respiratory motion correction was done to get a final image set. The estimated respiratory motion, the full‐width‐at‐half‐maxima (FWHM) measured across the image intensity profile of the left ventricle wall, as well as the normalized standard deviation measured in a uniform cuboid region of the thorax were analyzed.ResultsThere are 47.1%, 24.3%, 13.5%, and 15.1% RR, PR, AR, and UR patients, respectively, among the 1274 patients in this study. The differences among the three gating schemes in RR were smaller than other respiratory patterns. The AG and CG methods showed statistically larger motion estimation than TG particularly in the AR and PR patterns. Noise of AG varied more in different gates, especially for AR and UR patterns.ConclusionMore than half of the patients reviewed exhibited nonregular breathing patterns. Amplitude‐based gating, that is, AG and CG, is a preferred gating method for such patterns and is a robust respiratory gating implementation method given the respiratory pattern of the patients is unknown before data acquisition. Phase gating is also a feasible option for regular respiratory pattern.
Thermal state estimation of fused deposition modeling in additive manufacturing processes using Kalman filters
Authors: Kim Youngkyu , Alcantara David , Zohdi Tarek I. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryIn this paper, a data assimilation method using a linear Kalman filter is presented to monitor the thermal state of a part during a fused deposition modeling process. The system model is found by discretizing the heat equation with the finite difference method. Infrared (IR) camera measurements are then combined with the system model via a linear Kalman filter. As a result of the data assimilation, the accuracy of monitoring the thermal field is improved, which is important for the qualification of bonding strength between layers. Furthermore, using the linear Kalman filter can allow for closed‐loop monitoring system because an IR camera can be guided to a location where the uncertainty of estimation is high. The closed‐loop monitoring system will be employed as a feedback system for adaptive control of system parameters during printing processes for the improvement of part quality.
Comparison of spontaneous fetal loss rates between women with singleton and twin pregnancies after mid‐trimester amniocentesis ‐ A historical cohort study
Authors: Chen Jiawei , Liu Linhu , Xia Dan , He Fenghua , Wang Qiyi , Li Ting , Lai Yi , Liu Shanling , Zhang Zhu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess and compare fetal loss rates before 28 weeks of singleton and twin pregnancies after mid‐trimester amniocentesis.MethodThis historic cohort study included 13 773 women with singletons and 426 women with twins undergoing mid‐trimester amniocentesis from 1/2015 to 3/2017. Pregnancies resulting in termination or selective reduction before 28 weeks were excluded, as well as twin gestations undergoing single‐puncture amniocentesis. Fetal loss rates were compared between singleton and twins taking into account maternal characteristics, amniocentesis procedure, and fetal chromosomal abnormalities.ResultsThe rates of fetal chromosomal abnormalities were similar in singleton and twin gestations (1.13% vs 0.70%, P = .253). No difference was found in maternal or fetal characteristics, or amniocentesis procedure between the two groups. The fetal loss rate was significantly higher in twin compared with singleton pregnancies (1.91% vs 0.24%, P < .001, RR = 8.25 [95% CI: 4.51 to 15.09]). The fetal loss rate between monochorionic twins and dichorionic twins was similar (1.80% vs 1.78%, P = 1.000).ConclusionsTwin pregnancies have higher risk of fetal loss after mid‐trimester amniocentesis, which cannot be explained by differences in rates of fetal chromosomal abnormalities, maternal characteristic, or amniocentesis technique.
Kidney impairment in fetal growth restriction: three‐dimensional evaluation of volume and vascularization
Authors: Senra Janaína Campos , Yoshizaki Carlos Tadashi , Doro Giovana Farina , Ruano Rodrigo , Gibelli Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni , Rodrigues Agatha Sacramento , Koch Vera Hermina Kalika , Krebs Vera Lúcia Jornada , Zugaib Marcelo , Francisco Rossana Pulcineli Vieira , Bernardes Lisandra Stein 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesRenal development is impaired in fetal growth restriction (FGR). Renal size can be considered a surrogate of renal function in childhood, and could be impaired in that condition. Our aim was to evaluate the ratio of total renal volume, measured by three‐dimensional ultrasound, to estimated fetal weight (TRV/EFW) among fetuses with and without growth restriction. Furthermore, we correlated TRV/EFW with fetal Doppler velocimetry and renal vascularization indexes and evaluated the association of renal volume and vascular parameters with adverse neonatal events in growth‐restricted fetuses.MethodsIn a retrospective cohort, TRV and renal vascularization of growth‐restricted and normal fetuses were evaluated by three‐dimensional ultrasonography and VOCAL technique. Independent samples t‐tests and Mann‐Whitney test were used for comparisons between groups. Logistic regression model was applied to evaluate the association between renal characteristics and adverse neonatal events.ResultsSeventy‐one growth‐restricted fetuses were compared to 194 controls. The TRV/EFW was lower in the growth‐restricted group (P < .001). In our sample, this ratio did not correlate with Doppler velocimetry parameters, renal vascular indexes or any adverse neonatal events.ConclusionThe TRV/EFW ratio is decreased in FGR. Further studies are needed to investigate the association of this ratio with long‐term renal outcomes.
Problems in treatment and training of autistic children growing up in China: A follow‐up case report
Authors: Liu Fuquan , Liu Shijie , Chai Jiabao 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTIntroductionCurrently, interventions for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in China are mainly carried out by professionals in rehabilitation institutions and special schools. However, when autistic children are older, they do not receive effective training and treatment, and there is no specific place in society to accommodate autistic adults. Mental hospitals are usually their ultimate home.Case presentationWe report a 22‐year‐old male with ASD. The manifestation and/or intervention from the age of 3 years to now were recorded. He has been hospitalized in the closed ward of a mental hospital since 2015.ConclusionThis report typically present the current problems in treatment and training of autistic children growing up in China. Life‐long rehabilitation training is important for every patient with ASD. Relevant policies and resources in China should be optimized in terms of medical treatment and health care, education and training, social assistance, social security, labor employment, and social culture.
Prevention strategies of mother‐to‐child transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection
Authors: Hu Yao , Yu Hui 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACTChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection caused by mother‐to‐child transmission (MTCT, also known as vertical transmission) during the perinatal period is a major public health problem worldwide. Despite the availability of the combined active‐passive immunization with a hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin after birth, about 9% of newborns are still infected with HBV, especially those born to hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)‐positive mothers. Currently, the management of HBV infection during pregnancy remains controversial. This article briefly reviews the recent advances in the epidemiology of HBV, immunization against it, and management strategies in the third trimester.
Shade signals alter the expression of circadian clock genes in newly‐formed bioenergy sorghum internodes
Authors: Kebrom Tesfamichael H. , McKinley Brian A. , Mullet John E. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractStem internodes of bioenergy sorghum inbred R.07020 are longer at high plant density (shade) than at low plant density (control). Initially, the youngest newly‐formed subapical stem internodes of shade‐treated and control plants are comparable in length. However, full‐length internodes of shade‐treated plants are three times longer than the internodes of the control plants. To identify the early molecular events associated with internode elongation in response to shade, we analyzed the transcriptome of the newly‐formed internodes of shade‐treated and control plants sampled between 4 and 6 hr after the start of the light period (14 hr light/10 hr dark). Sorghum genes homologous to the Arabidopsis shade marker genes ATHB2 and PIL1 were not differentially expressed. The results indicate that shade signals promote internode elongation indirectly because sorghum internodes are not illuminated and grow while enclosed with leaf sheaths. Sorghum genes homologous to the Arabidopsis morning‐phased circadian clock genes LHY, RVE, and LNK were downregulated and evening‐phased genes such as TOC1, PRR5, and GI were upregulated in young internodes in response to shade. We hypothesize that a change in the function or patterns of expression of the circadian clock genes is the earliest molecular event associated with internode elongation in response to shade in bioenergy sorghum. Increased expression of CycD1, which promotes cell division, and decreased expression of cell wall‐loosening and MBF1‐like genes, which promote cell expansion, suggest that shade signals promote internode elongation in bioenergy sorghum in part through increasing cell number by delaying transition from cell division to cell expansion.
Assessment of insecticidal effects and selectivity of CAPA‐PK peptide analogues against the peach‐potato aphid and four beneficial insects following topical exposure
Authors: Gui Shun‐Hua , Taning Clauvis NT , De Schutter Kristof , Yang Qun , Chen Pengyu , Hamshou Mohamad , Nachman Ronald J , Pandit Aniruddha A , Dow Julian AT , Davies Shireen , Smagghe Guy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDInsect Capability neuropeptides (CAP2b/CAPA‐PKs) play a critical role in modulating different physiologies and behavior in insects. In a previous proof‐of‐concept study, the CAP2b analogues 1895 (2Abf‐Suc‐FGPRLamide) and 2129 (2Abf‐Suc‐ATPRIamide) were reported to reduce aphid fitness when administered by injection. In the current study, the insecticidal efficacy of 1895 and 2129 on the peach potato aphid Myzus persicae was analyzed by topical application, simulating a spray application scenario in the field. Additionally, the selectivity of the tested analogues was evaluated against a selection of beneficial insects, namely three natural enemies (Adalia bipunctata, Chrysoperla carnea and Nasonia vitripennis) and a pollinator (Bombus terrestris).RESULTSWithin 3–5 days post topical exposure of aphids to 1895, higher mortality (33%) was observed, as was the case for the treatment with 2129 (17%) and the mixture of 1895 + 2129 (47%) compared to the control (3%). 1895 and the mix 1895 + 2129 showed the strongest and comparable insecticidal effects. Additionally, surviving aphids treated with 1895 showed a reduction in total lifetime reproduction (GRR) of 30%, 19% with 2129 and 39% with the mix 1895 + 2129. Of interest from a biosafety perspective is that by using the same delivery method and dose, no significant effects on survival, weight increase and food intake was observed for the representative natural enemies and the pollinator.CONCLUSIONThis study highlights the potential of exploiting CAP2b analogues such as 1895 (core structure FGPRL) as aphicides. Additionally, the CAP2b analogues used in this study were selective as they showed no effects when applied on four representative beneficial insects.
Density functional theory study of CO2 capture and storage promotion using manipulation of graphyne by 3d and 4d transition metals
Authors: Darvishnejad Mohammad Hossein , Reisi‐Vanani Adel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this work, the electronic and structural properties of 3d and 4d transition metal (TM)‐decorated graphyne (GY) (TM‐GY) toward CO2 adsorption were studied using the D3‐corrected density functional theory (DFT‐D3) method. Then, CO2 capture and storage (CCS) of the most stable structures were investigated. Results show that the most stable site for all TM decoration is the center of the 12‐membered ring with various distances from carbon plane, and GY decorated with Ni and Zn from 3d and Zr and Cd from 4d TMs are also the most and the least stable, energetically with Eb of −5.834, −0.467, −6.181, and −0.963 eV, respectively. Evaluation of the adsorption behavior of CO2 on TM‐GY reveals that the strongest adsorption energies belong to Cr and Mo‐GY (−1.502 and −1.117 eV, respectively), and for all 3d and 4d TMs, the horizontal direction of CO2 is more stable, energetically. Increasing CO2 molecules, step by step, on Cr and Mo‐GY shows that they can hold 13 and 18 CO2 molecules with average Eads of −0.374 and −0.330 eV/CO2 and corresponding CO2 storage capacities of 47.66 and 54.10 wt%, respectively. These findings show that Cr and Mo‐GY can be used in the future as suitable candidates for CCS applications.