bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serial position effects in the Logical Memory Test: Loss of primacy predicts amyloid positivity
Authors: Bruno Davide , Mueller Kimberly D. , Betthauser Tobey , Chin Nathaniel , Engelman Corinne D. , Christian Bradley , Koscik Rebecca L. , Johnson Sterling C. 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundStory recall is a frequently used neuropsychological test of episodic memory with clinical populations and for screening participants in drug trials for Alzheimer’s disease. However, it is unclear at this stage which underlying mechanisms confer the test its sensitivity. In this paper, we examined serial position effects, that is, better recall for items learned early and late on a list, in story recall, and their usefulness to predict early changes associated with neurodegenerative markers.MethodsWe analysed data from the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention. First, we tested whether serial position effects were present in story recall (measured with the Wechsler Memory Scale Logical Memory Task; LMT) across individuals who were classified as cognitively unimpaired – stable, cognitively unimpaired – declining, or as having mild cognitive impairment (MCI).ResultsOur results showed clear serial position effects for all groups, except for delayed recall among individuals with MCI, where no primacy effect was observed. Second, we tested whether loss of primacy from immediate to delayed recall was associated with amyloid burden (as measured with PiB PET) in individuals who were cognitively unimpaired at baseline. We found that more primacy loss predicted amyloid positivity, above and beyond the LMT total score.ConclusionsThis report is the first to show that loss of primacy between immediate and delayed story recall is associated with amyloid burden.
Qatar, the Coronavirus, and Cordons Sanitaires: Migrant Workers and the Use of Public Health Measures to Define the Nation
Authors: Iskander Natsha 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis article looks at the use of public health strategies to define political membership in the nation. I examine the use of the cordon sanitaire to mitigate the novel coronavirus in Qatar. I argue that it acts primarily as a boundary to map out zones of political exclusion, splitting those who are entitled to protection from disease from those who are not. Through an analysis of the logic, application, and history of the cordon sanitaire in Qatar and elsewhere, I argue that it is only a more explicit example of the ways that governments have applied public health measures such that they apportion exposure to COVID‐19, protecting some while mandating exposure for others. Exposure, or protection from it, has become a means to spatialize power and territorialize the national imaginary, separating full members from those who are excluded and reduced to their economic function.
Effects of a self‐efficacy theory‐based parental education program on eczema control and parental outcomes
Authors: Cheng Nam Sze , Chau Janita Pak Chun , Lo Suzanne Hoi Shan , Choi Kai Chow , Hon Kam Lun Ellis , Lam Pok Hong , Leung Ting Fan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundEczema is the most common childhood skin problem worldwide. Education that enhances parental self‐efficacy in carrying out appropriate eczema management is crucial to controlling eczema symptoms of their children. However, the lack of such a structured education program hinders everyday lives of eczematous children and their families. This study evaluated the effects of a self‐efficacy theory‐based parental eczema education program in controlling eczema of Chinese children at three months after commencement of intervention.MethodsAn assessor‐blind, 2‐arm, randomized controlled trial was conducted at an outpatient clinic of a regional hospital. One hundred and thirty‐six Chinese children aged 3 months to 12 years with physician‐diagnosed eczema, and their parents were recruited. The intervention was underpinned by the Social Cognitive Theory. Children's disease severity, parental self‐efficacy, treatment adherence, and quality of life of family members were assessed by validated tools. Generalized estimating equation model was employed to compare differential change in each outcome across time between different groups.ResultsEczema severity of children and parental self‐efficacy in the intervention group were found to show greater improvement at 3‐month follow‐up with regression coefficient (β) −16.98 (95% CI, −21.04 to −12.92; P < .001) and β 29.39 (95% CI, 22.64‐36.14; P < .001), respectively. Nearly all parents (97%) receiving the intervention rated this program as useful and helpful.ConclusionsThis program is effective in enhancing parents' self‐efficacy in managing their children's eczema and improving their adherence to eczema treatment and quality of life.
Incorporating joint pain screening into the pediatric dermatologic examination
Authors: Rustad Andrea M. , Nolan Brian E. , Ollech Ayelet , Boctor Michael J. , Paller Amy S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesJoint manifestations are a feature of many pediatric skin disorders, among them psoriasis, autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, hypermobility disorders, and as an adverse effect of certain medications. Identifying joint disease early is important for intervention and prevention of chronic damage. However, pediatric musculoskeletal complaints are common and determining whether symptoms warrant a rheumatology referral for arthritis can be challenging.MethodsPediatric dermatologists were surveyed for their comfort in screening for joint disease. Through literature review and interviews with three pediatric rheumatologists, key joints involved in disorders with skin manifestations and arthritis were identified and the essential evaluations were determined.ResultsOf 100 surveyed practicing board‐certified pediatric dermatologists, 79% did not feel confident in their ability to perform a joint‐focused physical examination, a key step in screening for joint disease. A rapid joint examination technique (R‐JET) was developed, along with an accompanying three‐question survey and body diagram for patient self‐report of symptoms. A video demonstration of the R‐JET was created as a teaching tool.ConclusionsTeaching and incorporation of a rapid screening examination for arthritis by pediatric dermatologists has the potential to identify pediatric arthritis earlier, facilitate referral, and reduce the risk of progressive joint disease. These instruments can easily be incorporated into a pediatric dermatology office visit.
Primary cutaneous blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm in a child: A challenging diagnosis and management
Authors: Rivas‐Calderón Marian Kristalia , Cheirif‐Wolosky Orly , Rosas‐Romero Maria Eugenia , Toussaint‐Caire Sonia , Duran‐Mckinster Carola , González‐Pedroza María De Lourdes , López‐Santiago Norma Candelaria , García‐Romero María Teresa 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBlastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and aggressive malignancy of the skin and hematopoietic system. There are few pediatric cases reported in the literature. Management of primary cutaneous BPDCN is challenging because, despite an apparently indolent clinical presentation, rapid dissemination with high mortality can occur. We describe a child with isolated cutaneous involvement who had a good response to chemotherapy as first‐line treatment of BPDCN.
Non‐income effect of land ownership and tenure on subjective wellbeing in South Africa
Authors: Kollamparambil Umakrishnan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAside from the very high inequality of land ownership, South Africa is characterised by a dual land tenure system comprising of private ownership and communal land ownership. Using waves 4 and 5 of the National Income Dynamics Study longitudinal data set, a set of econometric methodologies is employed to quantify the impact of ownership and tenure on an index of subjective wellbeing (SWB) constructed from eight self‐reported responses covering general life satisfaction, contrast, social capital, mental health and hope for future. Controlling for the income effect and other pertinent drivers of SWB, the study highlights the non‐income impact of land ownership and tenure on the subjective wellbeing of individuals. To account for possible endogeneity and self‐selection, instrumental variable and matching method‐based treatment effects are computed. This paper has two main findings in relation to land tenure in South Africa: (a) land owners have on average a higher index of SWB compared to those not owning land, and (b) owning land privately, compared to owning land communally, has a positive impact on subjective wellbeing within land owners. These results are consistent and statistically significant across the various estimation strategies and provide additional motivation for expediting land reforms in South Africa.
Preservice Physical Education Teacher’s Development of Adaptive Competence
Authors: Xie Xiuye , Ward Phillip , Oh Daekyun , Li Yilin , Atkinson Obidiah , Cho Kyuil , Kim Mijoo 
Published: December 2020

Purpose: This study had two purposes. One purpose was to explore preservice physical education teachers’ development of adaptive competence in six core practices during planning and teaching in physical education. The second purpose was to understand how rehearsals and repeated teaching as two pedagogies of practice-based teacher education were perceived by preservice teachers in their development of adaptive competence. Methods: This was a mixed-methods study using descriptive analysis to analyze data collected from lesson plans and a collective case study to analyze semistructured interviews. Findings: Preservice teachers made the most adaptations in the core practices of coordinating and adjusting instruction, establishing rules and routines, and providing precise instruction. Rehearsals and repeated teaching were perceived as effective strategies to facilitate the development of adaptive competence in teaching. Conclusions: Findings are discussed in terms of three contemporary teacher education conceptualizations: (a) adaptive competence, (b) core practices in physical education, and (c) practice-based teacher education pedagogies.
How do programmes to prevent intimate partner violence among the general population impact women with disabilities? Post-hoc analysis of three randomised controlled trials
Authors: Dunkle Kristin , Gibbs Andrew , Chirwa Esnat , Stern Erin , Van Der Heijden Ingrid , Washington Laura 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionWomen with disabilities experience higher rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) than women without disabilities. There remains limited evidence about whether IPV prevention interventions for the general population have benefits for women with disabilities that compare to those for women without disabilities. Using data from IPV prevention randomised controlled trials in diverse locations (Rwanda, South Africa and Afghanistan), we assess whether outcomes differed by disability status.MethodsWe assessed disability at baseline in three IPV prevention trials. We performed post-hoc analysis of intervention impacts at endline (22 or 24 months post-baseline) stratified by disability status at study baseline and tested an interaction term for disability at baseline by intervention arm for three sets of outcomes: (1) past year experiences of physical, sexual and severe IPV; (2) economic and livelihood outcomes; and (3) health, mental health and substance use outcomes.ResultsAt baseline between 17.7% and 26.2% of women reported being disabled. For IPV prevention, in seven out of eight tests across three studies, women with and without disabilities had similar outcomes. For economic, health and substance use outcomes, there was more variation, with women with disabilities reporting both better and worse outcomes than women without disabilities; however there was no clear pattern in these differential results.ConclusionIPV prevention programmes targeting general populations can prevent IPV among women with disabilities participants with benefits that mirror those for women without disabilities. Benefits for participants with and without disabilities on secondary programme outcomes related to economic empowerment and health may be more varied and should be explicitly monitored.
Comprehensive database and individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials on psychotherapies reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviour: study protocol
Authors: Hu Mandy Xian , Palantza Christina , Setkowski Kim , Gilissen Renske , Karyotaki Eirini , Cuijpers Pim , Riper Heleen , de Beurs Derek , Nuij Chani , Christensen Helen , Calear Alison , Werner-Seidler Aliza , Hoogendoorn Adriaan , van Balkom Anton , Eikelenboom Merijn , Smit Jan , van Ballegooijen Wouter 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionPsychotherapy may reduce suicidal thoughts and behaviour, but its effectiveness is not well examined. Furthermore, conventional meta-analyses are unable to test possible effects of moderators affecting this relationship. This protocol outlines the building of a comprehensive database of the literature in this research field. In addition, we will conduct an individual patient data meta-analysis (IPD-MA) to establish the effectiveness of psychotherapy in reducing suicidality, and to examine which factors moderate the efficacy of these interventions.Methods and analysisTo build a comprehensive database, randomised controlled trials examining the effect of any psychotherapy targeting any psychiatric disorder on suicidal thoughts or behaviour will be identified by running a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from data inception to 12 August 2019. For the IPD-MA, we will focus on adult outpatients with suicidal ideation or behaviour. In addition, as a comparison group we will focus on a control group (waiting-list, care as usual or placebo). A 1-stage IPD-MA will be used to determine the effectiveness of psychotherapy on suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and/or suicide deaths, and to investigate potential patient-related and intervention-related moderators. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses will be conducted to test the robustness of the findings. Additionally, a conventional MA will be conducted to determine the differences between studies that provided IPD and those that did not. IPD-MA may determine the effectiveness of psychotherapy in reducing suicidality and provide insights into the moderating factors influencing the efficacy of psychotherapy. Answering these questions will inform mental healthcare practitioners about optimal treatments for different groups of individuals with suicidal ideation and/or behaviour and consequently help to reduce suicide risk.Ethics and disseminationAn ethical approval is not required for this study. The results will be published in a peer-review journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020140573
Protocol for an implementation study of an evidence-based home cardiac rehabilitation programme for people with heart failure and their caregivers in Scotland (SCOT:REACH-HF)
Authors: Purcell Carrie , Daw Paulina , Kerr Claire , Cleland J , Cowie Aynsley , Dalal Hasnain M , Ibbotson Tracy , Murphy Clare , Taylor Rod 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionDespite evidence that cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an essential component of care for people with heart failure, uptake is low. A centre-based format is a known barrier, suggesting that home-based programmes might improve accessibility. The aim of SCOT: Rehabilitation EnAblement in CHronic Heart Failure (REACH-HF) is to assess the implementation of the REACH-HF home-based CR intervention in the context of the National Health Service (NHS) in Scotland.This paper presents the design and protocol for this observational implementation study. Specific objectives of SCOT:REACH-HF are to: (1) assess service-level facilitators and barriers to the implementation of REACH-HF; (2) compare real-world patient and caregiver outcomes to those seen in a prior clinical trial; and (3) estimate the economic (health and social) impact of implementing REACH-HF in Scotland.Methods and analysisThe REACH-HF intervention will be delivered in partnership with four ‘Beacon sites’ across six NHS Scotland Health Boards, covering rural and urban areas. Health professionals from each site will be trained to facilitate delivery of the 12-week programme to 140 people with heart failure and their caregivers. Patient and caregiver outcomes will be assessed at baseline and 4-month follow-up. Assessments include the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), five-dimension EuroQol 5L, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Caregiver Burden Questionnaire. Qualitative interviews will be conducted with up to 20 health professionals involved in programme delivery (eg, cardiac nurses, physiotherapists). 65 facilitator-patient consultations will be audio recorded and assessed for fidelity. Integrative analysis will address key research questions on fidelity, context and CR participant-related outcomes. The SCOT:REACH-HF findings will inform the future potential roll-out of REACH-HF in Scotland.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been given ethical approval by the West of Scotland Research Ethics Service (reference 20/WS/0038, approved 25 March 2020). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The study is listed on the ISRCTN registry with study ID ISRCTN53784122. The research team will ensure that the study is conducted in accordance with both General Data Protection Regulations and the University of Glasgow’s Research Governance Framework. Findings will be reported to the funder and shared with Beacon Sites, to facilitate service evaluation, planning and good practice. To broaden interest in, and understanding of REACH-HF, we will seek to publish in peer-reviewed scientific journals and present at stakeholder events, national and international conferences.
Students’ preparedness for disasters in schools: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Seddighi Hamed , Sajjadi Homeira , Yousefzadeh Sepideh , López López Mónica , Vameghi Meroe , Rafiey Hassan , Khankeh Hamid Reza , Garzon Fonseca Magdalena 
Published: December 2020

IntroductionChildren are one of the most vulnerable groups in disasters. Improving students’ knowledge and skills to prepare for disasters can play a major role in children’s health. School as a place to teach children can make a significant contribution to provide the necessary skills. This study aims to identify the effects, strengths and weaknesses of interventions in schools to prepare children for disasters.Methods and analysisWe use Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to develop a protocol for this systematic review. The included studies will report on the results of interventions targeting ‘schoolchildren’ defined as individuals between 4 and under 18 years old studying in schools. Different electronic databases will be used for a comprehensive literature search, including MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials and EMBASE to identify the records that match the mentioned inclusion criteria published till December 2020. The main search terms are ‘disaster’, ‘preparedness’, ‘children’ and ‘school’. Four types of data will be extracted from the qualified studies including study characteristics (study design, year of publication and geographical region where the study was conducted), participant characteristics (sample size, age and gender), intervention characteristics (aim of intervention, intervention facilitators and barriers) and intervention outcomes. The quality appraisal of the selected papers will be conducted using Cochrane Collaboration’s Risk of Bias for quantitative studies and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for qualitative studies. We use a narrative synthesis for this systematic review. The narrative synthesis refers to an approach to systematic reviews which focuses mostly on applying words and texts to summarise and explain findings.Ethics and disseminationThis paper is a part of a Ph.D. thesis of Hamed Seddighi at University of Social welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences with ethics code IR.USWR.REC.1399.008 approved by the Ethics Committee of the above-mentioned university.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020146536.
Stroke care during the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain: the experience of Spanish stroke units
Authors: Alonso de Leciñana María , Castellanos Mar , Ayo-Martín Óscar , Morales Ana 
Published: December 2020

Background and purposeSpain has been heavily affected by COVID-19. Reallocation of resources for managing the outbreak might have caused a disruption in stroke care. This study analyses the impact on stroke care of reorganising the healthcare system in response to the first COVID-19 outbreak peak in Spain and the strategies adopted by Spanish stroke units to deal with this impact.Materials and methodsWe obtained data from a structured survey sent to the responsible of stroke units across the country. We recorded the number of strokes, stroke code activations, intravenous thrombolysis treatments and mechanical thrombectomies during February and March 2019 and 2020. We also collected information on the impact on workflow metrics and on the availability of specialised neurological care and rehabilitation treatments, the characteristics of stroke care for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection and the impact on human resources. We compared the activity data between 2019 and 2020 and the information on activity and impact on stroke care between regions classified according to the disease incidence rate.ResultsFifty-seven (75%) of all stroke units in Spain responded to the survey. There was an overall reduction in admissions for all stroke types during the outbreak’s peak and in the number of stroke code activations and intravenous thrombolysis treatments, results that were independent of the COVID-19 incidence rate. Participants reported a delay in workflow metrics and a reduction of admissions to stroke units, outpatient clinics and rehabilitation therapies. Specific pathways and protocols for managing stroke patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection have been established.ConclusionThe COVID-19 outbreak has jeopardised all phases of stroke care. As a consequence, some patients with stroke did not receive adequate treatment.
The impact of volcanic ash on the safety of aviation industry: review of China's current situation
Authors: Liang Yiqiang , Xu Jiandong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
By synthesizing relevant research findings from China and other countries, this paper discusses the distribution and eruption types of volcanoes in China. An analysis of the spreading characteristics of volcanic ash possibly caused by volcanic eruptions such as those from Changbaishan is presented, and the impact of volcanic ash on aviation flight safety, as well as several key methods of monitoring volcanic ash, are discussed. This paper also outlines the operational process of China's aviation industry in addressing volcanic ash and compares and analyses the handling of volcanic ash by civil aviation industries globally. Further, ways of dealing with volcanic ash are then suggested for China's aviation industry.