bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Staffing Trends in Magnet and Non-Magnet Hospitals After State Legislation
Authors: de Cordova Pamela B. , Jones Terry , Riman Kathryn A. , Rogowski Jeannette , McHugh Matthew D. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Evidence suggests that Magnet and non-Magnet hospitals differ with respect to quality of care.

Purpose:
Our study examined registered nurse (RN) staffing over time in Magnet and non-Magnet hospitals using unit-level, publicly available data in New Jersey.

Methods:
A secondary analysis of longitudinal RN staffing data was conducted using mandated, publicly reported data of 64 hospitals representing 12 nursing specialties across 8 years (2008-2015). Staffing ratios were trended over time to compare RN staffing changes in Magnet and non-Magnet hospitals.

Results:
Staffing was comparable in Magnet and non-Magnet hospitals for 9 of 12 specialties. On average, from 2008 until 2015, RN staffing slightly increased, with a greater percent increase in Magnet hospitals (6.9%) than in non-Magnet hospitals (4.7%).

Conclusions:
Over 8 years in New Jersey, RN staffing improved in Magnet and non-Magnet hospitals. Although there was a slight increase for Magnet hospitals, there was no meaningful difference in staffing for all 12 specialties.
Using Palliative Care Nurses in a Supportive Care Program to Reduce Hospital Utilization for Patients With Multiple Chronic Conditions
Authors: Allen Alicia , Frederick Logan , Hovey Susan L. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Health care organizations are designing comprehensive care programs to reduce hospital utilization by high-risk patients with multiple chronic illnesses.

Local Problem:
A community hospital recognized patients with multiple chronic conditions had higher rates of inpatient stays and emergency department (ED) visits.

Methods:
Patients (n = 36) with multiple chronic conditions enrolled in a supportive care program. Researchers analyzed hospital utilization, inpatient stays, and ED visits preintervention and postgraduation for the participants enrolled. Palliative care nurses were assigned to patients enrolled in the supportive care program.

Results:
There was a statistically significant decrease in hospital utilization (Z = −2.540, P = .011) and inpatient stays (Z = −4.037, P < .001) following the implementation of the supportive care program.

Conclusions:
The study met its aim of reducing hospital utilization and inpatient stays by creating a comprehensive approach to support high-risk patients in self-management of their chronic illnesses.
Daily Practice of Mechanical Ventilation and Weaning in Turkish PICUs: A Multicenter Prospective Survey
Authors: Tekgüç Hakan , Can Fulya Kamit , Şik Güntülü , Demirkol Demet , Özel Deniz , Yaman Ayhan , Işgüder Rana , Yildiztaş Dinçer , Yener Nazik A , Öztürk Nilufer Y. , Karaarslan Utku , Erdoğan Seher , Yazci Pinar , Dinleyici Ener C. , Dalkiran Tahir , Şevketoğlu Esra , Anil Ayse Berna , Çitak Agop , Aygün Fatih , Kendirli Tanil , Ağin Hasan , Horoz Ozden O. , Paksu Şükrü , İnceköy Feyza G. , Davutoğlu Mehmet , Köroğlu Tolga , Boşnak Mehmet , Karapinar Bülent , Dursun Oğuz 
Published: March 2020

Objectives:
To investigate conventional mechanical ventilation weaning characteristics of patients requiring conventional mechanical ventilation support for greater than 48 hours within the PICU.

Design:
The prospective observational multicenter cohort study was conducted at 15 hospitals. Data were being collected from November 2013 to June 2014, with two designated researchers from each center responsible for follow-up and data entry.

Setting:
Fifteen tertiary PICUs in Turkey.

Patients:
Patients between 1 month and 18 years old requiring conventional mechanical ventilation for greater than 48 hours were included. A single-center was not permitted to surpass 20% of the total sample size. Patients with no plans for conventional mechanical ventilation weaning were excluded.

Interventions:
Conventional mechanical ventilation

Measurements and Main Results:
Pertinent variables included PICU and patient demographics, including clinical data, chronic diseases, comorbid conditions, and reasons for intubation. Conventional mechanical ventilation mode and weaning data were characterized by daily ventilator parameters and blood gases. Patients were monitored until hospital discharge. Of the 410 recruited patients, 320 were included for analyses. A diagnosis of sepsis requiring intubation and high initial peak inspiratory pressures correlated with a longer weaning period (mean, 3.65 vs 1.05–2.17 d; p < 0.001). Conversely, age, admission Pediatric Risk of Mortality III scores, days of conventional mechanical ventilation before weaning, ventilator mode, and chronic disease were not related to weaning duration.

Conclusions:
Pediatric patients requiring conventional mechanical ventilation with a diagnosis of sepsis and high initial peak inspiratory pressures may require longer conventional mechanical ventilation weaning prior to extubation. Causative factors and optimal weaning for this cohort needs further consideration.
Prediction of Poor Outcomes for Septic Children According to Ferritin Levels in a Middle-Income Setting*
Authors: Tonial Cristian T. , Costa Caroline A. D. , Andrades Gabriela R. H. , Crestani Francielly , Einloft Paulo R. , Bruno Francisco , Miranda Ana P. , Fiori Humberto H. , Garcia Pedro Celiny R. 
Published: March 2020

Objectives:
To evaluate serum ferritin measured within 48 hours of admission as a prognostic marker and examine the association with unfavorable outcomes in a population of pediatric patients with sepsis and high prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in which this biomarker is routinely measured.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
PICU of a tertiary care teaching hospital in a middle-income country in South America.

Patients:
All patients 6 months to 18 years old (n = 350) admitted with a diagnosis of sepsis, suspected or proven, were eligible for inclusion. Exclusion criteria were length of PICU stay less than 8 hours and inherited or acquired disorder of iron metabolism that could interfere with serum ferritin levels.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Three-hundred twelve patients had their ferritin levels measured within 48 hours, and only 38 did not. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (hemoglobin < 11 g/dL and mean corpuscular volume < 80 fl was 40.3%. The median of the highest serum ferritin level within 48 hours was 150.5 ng/mL (interquartile range, 82.25–362 ng/mL), being associated with mortality (p < 0.001; Exp(B), 5.170; 95% CI, 2.619–10.205). A 10-fold increase in ferritin level was associated with a five-fold increase in mortality. There was a monotonic increase in mortality with increasing ferritin levels (p < 0.05). Regarding the discriminatory power of ferritin for mortality, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.787 (95% CI, 0.737–0.83; p < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
Serum ferritin at lower thresholds predicts mortality in children with sepsis admitted to the ICU in a middle-income country with high prevalence of iron deficiency anemia.
Early Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Severe Pulmonary Hypertension Predict Adverse Outcomes in “Low-Risk” Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Dao Duy T. , Patel Neil , Harting Matthew T. , Lally Kevin P. , Lally Pamela A. , Buchmiller Terry L. 
Published: March 2020

Objectives:
Given significant focus on improving survival for “high-risk” congenital diaphragmatic hernia, there is the potential to overlook the need to identify risk factors for suboptimal outcomes in “low-risk” congenital diaphragmatic hernia cases. We hypothesized that early cardiac dysfunction or severe pulmonary hypertension were predictors of adverse outcomes in this “low-risk” congenital diaphragmatic hernia population.

Design:
This is a retrospective cohort study using data from the Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Study Group registry. “Low-risk” congenital diaphragmatic hernia was defined as Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Study Group defect size A/B without structural cardiac and chromosomal anomalies. Examined risk factors included left ventricular dysfunction, right ventricular dysfunction, and severe pulmonary hypertension on the first postnatal echocardiogram. The primary outcome was composite adverse events, defined as either death, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation utilization, oxygen requirement on day 30 of life, or hospitalization greater than or equal to 8 weeks. Multivariable adjustment was performed with logistic regression and inverse probability weighting.

Setting:
Neonatal index hospitalization for congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Patients:
“Low-risk” congenital diaphragmatic hernia infants born between January 2015 and December 2018.

Interventions:
First postnatal echocardiogram performed within 24 hours from birth.

Measurements and Main Results:
Seven-hundred seventy-eight patients were identified as “low-risk” congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Left ventricular dysfunction, right ventricular dysfunction, and severe pulmonary hypertension were present in 10.8%, 20.5%, and 57.5%, respectively. The primary outcome occurred in 21.3%. Death occurred in 3.0% and 9.1% used extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. On unadjusted analysis, all three risk factors were associated with the primary outcome. On all multivariable adjustment methods, left ventricular dysfunction and severe pulmonary hypertension remained significant predictors of adverse outcomes while right ventricular dysfunction no longer demonstrated any effect.

Conclusions:
Early left ventricular dysfunction and severe pulmonary hypertension are independent predictors of adverse outcomes among “low-risk” congenital diaphragmatic hernia infants. Early recognition may lead to interventions that can improve outcome in this at-risk cohort.
Classification of sinonasal pathology associated with dental pathology or dental treatment
Authors: Pardal-Peláez Beatriz , Pardal-Refoyo José Luis , Montero-Martín Javier , González-Serrano José , López-Quiles-Martínez Juan 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundAs is known, the pathologies of the posterior teeth in the first and second quadrant and their treatments can be associated with pathology of the maxillary sinus. Both implant and pre-implant surgery have increased their incidence. It is necessary, therefore, to address sinonasal pathology (SN) related to dental pathology (DP) or dental treatments (DT) from an interdisciplinary point of view by establishing collaborative working groups between Dentistry (DEN) and Otolaryngology (ENT), as well as by developing registries and establishing coordinated diagnosis and treatment protocols of sinonasal pathology. The aim of this study is to design a useful classification of SN pathology associated with DP or DT to record information of DEN and ENT.Material and methodsBibliographic review and design of a classification system of SN, DP and DT pathology.ResultsSix categories are described in our system: 0- absence of SN pathology and DP; 1 and 4- patients with DP associated or associated with SN pathology, respectively; 2 and 5- patients with DT not associated or associated with SN pathology, respectively and 3- patients with SN pathology without DP. The classification has applications in diagnosis (association and possible causal relationship between the SN pathology and DP) and in the treatment of NS and DP simultaneously or sequentially.ConclusionsThe classification proposed integrates the presence or absence of DP or DT, and its causal association or the lack of it with SN pathology. Moreover, it facilitates the communication between DEN and ENT and eases the registration of information and the planning of dental, implant and pre-implant treatments.
Clinical Efficacy and Target Engagement of Glutamatergic Drugs: Placebo-Controlled RCTs of Pomaglumetad and TS-134 for Reversal of Ketamine-Induced Psychotic Symptoms and PharmacoBOLD in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Kantrowitz Joshua T. , Grinband Jack , Goff Donald C. , Lahti Adrienne C. , Marder Stephen R. , Kegeles Lawrence S. , Girgis Ragy R. , Sobeih Tarek , Wall Melanie M. , Choo Tse-Hwei , Green Michael F. , Yang Yvonne S. , Lee Junghee , Horga Guillermo , Krystal John H. , Potter William Z. , Javitt Daniel C. , Lieberman Jeffrey A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWe tested two metabotropic glutamate receptor 2/3 (mGluR2/3) agonist prodrugs – pomaglumetad (POMA) and TS-134 – including a high-dose of POMA that was four times the dose tested in the failed phase schizophrenia III trials – in two proof of mechanism, Phase Ib studies using identical pharmacoBOLD target-engagement methodology.The POMA study was a double-blind, NIMH-sponsored, 10-day study of 80 or 320 mg/d POMA or placebo (1:1:1 ratio), designed to detect d>0.8 sd between-group effect-size differences. The TS-134 study was a single-blind, industry-sponsored, 6-day study of 20 or 60 mg/d TS-134 or placebo (5:5:2 ratio), designed to permit effect-size estimation for future studies. Primary outcomes were ketamine-induced changes in pharmacoBOLD in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS).95 healthy controls were randomized to POMA and 63 to TS-134. High-dose POMA had significant within and between-group reduction in ketamine-induced BPRS total symptoms (p<0.01, d=-0.41; p=0.04, d=-0.44, respectively) but neither POMA dose significantly suppressed ketamine-induced dACC pharmacoBOLD. In contrast, low-dose TS-134 had significant/trend level, moderate to large within and between group effects on BPRS positive symptoms (p=0.02, d=-0.36; p=0.008, d=-0.82, respectively) and dACC pharmacoBOLD (p=0.004, d=-0.56; p=0.079, d=-0.50, respectively) using pooled across-study placebo data.High-dose POMA exerted significant effects on clinical symptoms, but not on target engagement, suggesting a higher dose may yet be needed. TS-134 20 mg showed evidence of symptom reduction and target engagement, indicating a curvilinear dose-response curve. These results warrant further investigation of mGluR2/3 and other glutamate-targeted treatments for schizophrenia.
Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 infection (previously 2019-nCoV) by a highly potent pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor targeting its spike protein that harbors a high capacity to mediate membrane fusion
Authors: Xia Shuai , Liu Meiqin , Wang Chao , Xu Wei , Lan Qiaoshuai , Feng Siliang , Qi Feifei , Bao Linlin , Du Lanying , Liu Shuwen , Qin Chuan , Sun Fei , Shi Zhengli , Zhu Yun , Jiang Shibo , Lu Lu 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe recent outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in Wuhan, China has posed a serious threat to global public health. To develop specific anti-coronavirus therapeutics and prophylactics, the molecular mechanism that underlies viral infection must first be confirmed. Therefore, we herein used a SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein-mediated cell-cell fusion assay and found that SARS-CoV-2 showed plasma membrane fusion capacity superior to that of SARS-CoV. We solved the X-ray crystal structure of six-helical bundle (6-HB) core of the HR1 and HR2 domains in SARS-CoV-2 S protein S2 subunit, revealing that several mutated amino acid residues in the HR1 domain may be associated with enhanced interactions with HR2 domain. We previously developed a pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor, EK1, which targeted HR1 domain and could inhibit infection by divergent human coronaviruses tested, including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. We then generated a series of lipopeptides and found that the EK1C4 was the most potent fusion inhibitor against SARS-CoV-2 S protein-mediated membrane fusion and pseudovirus infection with IC50s of 1.3 and 15.8 nM, about 241- and 149-fold more potent than that of EK1 peptide, respectively. EK1C4 was also highly effective against membrane fusion and infection of other human coronavirus pseudoviruses tested, including SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, as well as SARSr-CoVs, potently inhibiting replication of 4 live human coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. Intranasal application of EK1C4 before or after challenge with HCoV-OC43 protected mice from infection, suggesting that EK1C4 could be used for prevention and treatment of infection by currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 and emerging SARSr-CoVs.
Complete genome sequence and analysis of nine Egyptian females with clinical information from different geographic regions in Egypt
Authors: ElHefnawi Mahmoud , Hegazy Elsayed , ElFiky Asmaa , Jeon Yeonsu , Jeon Sungwon , Bhak Jong , Metwally Fateheya Mohamed , Sugano Sumio , Horiuchi Terumi , Kazumi Abe , Blazyte Asta 
Published: March 2020

AbstractEgyptians are at a crossroad between Africa and Eurasia, providing useful genomic resources for analyzing both genetic and environmental factors for future personalized medicine. Two personal Egyptian whole genomes have been published previously and here nine female whole genome sequences with clinical information have been added to expand the genomic resource of Egyptian personal genomes. Here we report the analysis of whole genomes of nine Egyptian females from different regions using Illumina short-read sequencers. At 30x sequencing coverage, we identified 12 SNPs that were shared in most of the subjects associated with obesity which are concordant with their clinical diagnosis. Also, we found mtDNA mutation A4282G is common in all the samples and this is associated with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO). Haplogroup and Admixture analyses revealed that most Egyptian samples are close to the other north Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and European, respectively, possibly reflecting the into-Africa influx of human migration. In conclusion, we present whole-genome sequences of nine Egyptian females with personal clinical information that cover the diverse regions of Egypt. Although limited in sample size, the whole genomes data provides possible geno-phenotype candidate markers that are relevant to the region’s diseases.
Filamentous Bacteriophage Delay Healing of Pseudomonas-Infected Wounds
Authors: Bach Michelle S. , de Vries Christiaan R. , Khosravi Arya , Sweere Johanna M. , Popescu Medeea , Van Belleghem Jonas D. , Kaber Gernot , Burgener Elizabeth B. , Liu Dan , Tran Quynh-Lam , Dharmaraj Tejas , Birukova Maria , Sunkari Vivekananda , Balaji Swathi , Ghosh Nandini , Mathew-Steiner Shomita S. , Keswani Sundeep G. , Banaei Niaz , Nedelec Laurence , Sen Chandan K. , Chandra Venita , Secor Patrick R. , Suh Gina A. , Bollyky Paul L. 
Published: March 2020

SummaryWe have identified a novel role for filamentous bacteriophage in the delayed healing associated with chronicPseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa)wound infections. Pf phage delays wound re-epithelialization in the absence of livePa,indicative that Pf effects on wound healing are independent ofPapathogenesis. Pf phage directly inhibits autocrine signaling of CXCL1 (KC) to impede keratinocyte migration and wound re-epithelization. In agreement with these studies, a prospective cohort study of 36 human patients with chronicPawound infections revealed that wounds infected with Pf positive strains ofPatook longer to heal and were more likely to increase in size compared to wounds infected with Pf negative strains. Together, these data implicate Pf phage in the delayed wound healing associated withPainfection through direct manipulation of mammalian target cells. We propose that Pf phage may have potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target in delayed wound healing.
Aging increases the systemic molecular degree of inflammatory perturbation in patients with tuberculosis
Authors: Oliveira-de-Souza Deivide , Vinhaes Caian L. , Arriaga María B. , Kumar Nathella Pavan , Queiroz Artur T. L. , Fukutani Kiyoshi F. , Babu Subash , Andrade Bruno B. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) in a chronic infection that can affect individuals of all ages. The description of determinants of immunopathogenesis in TB is a field of tremendous interest due to the perspective of finding a reliable host-directed therapy to reduce disease burden. The association between specific biomarker profiles related to inflammation and the diverse clinical disease presentations in TB has been extensively studied in adults. However, relatively scarce data on profiling the inflammatory responses in pediatric TB are available. Here, we employed the molecular degree of perturbation (MDP) score adapted to plasma biomarkers in two distinct databanks from studies that examined either adults or children presenting with pulmonary or extrapulmonary disease. We used multidimensional statistical analyses to characterize the impact of age on the overall changes in the systemic inflammation profiles in subpopulation of TB patients. Our findings indicated that TB results in significant increases in MDP values, with the highest values being detected in adult patients. Furthermore, there were unique differences in the biomarker perturbation patterns and the overall degree of inflammation according to disease site and age. Importantly, the molecular degree of perturbation was not influenced by sex. Our results revealed that aging is an important determinant of the differences in quality and magnitude of systemic inflammatory perturbation in distinct clinical forms of TB.
Comparison of read mapping and variant calling tools for the analysis of plant NGS data
Authors: Schilbert Hanna Marie , Rempel Andreas , Pucker Boas 
Published: March 2020

AbstractHigh-throughput sequencing technologies have rapidly developed during the past years and became an essential tool in plant sciences. However, the analysis of genomic data remains challenging and relies mostly on the performance of automatic pipelines. Frequently applied pipelines involve the alignment of sequence reads against a reference sequence and the identification of sequence variants. Since most benchmarking studies of bioinformatics tools for this purpose have been conducted on human datasets, there is a lack of benchmarking studies in plant sciences. In this study, we evaluated the performance of 50 different variant calling pipelines, including five read mappers and ten variant callers, on six real plant datasets of the model organismArabidopsis thaliana. Sets of variants were evaluated based on various parameters including sensitivity and specificity. We found that all investigated tools are suitable for analysis of NGS data in plant research. When looking at different performance metrices, BWA-MEM and Novoalign were the best mappers and GATK returned the best results in the variant calling step.