bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a phoretic association between Bursaphelenchus doui (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) and Monochamus saltuarius and Acalolepta sejuncta (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Authors: Aikawa Takuya , Ozawa Sota , Maehara Noritoshi , Masuya Hayato , Nakamura Katsunori , Kanzaki Natsumi 
Published: December 2019

Summary
To investigate the phoretic association between nematodes in the genus Bursaphelenchus and cerambycid beetles in north-eastern Japan, Pinus densiflora logs were placed in two pine forests in the towns of Yamada and Hiranai as beetle oviposition sites. At 1-2 years after oviposition, adults of Monochamus saltuarius emerged from the logs placed in Yamada and adults of Acalolepta sejuncta and A. fraudatrix emerged from the logs placed in Hiranai, and Bursaphelenchus nematodes were recovered from two of these species (M. saltuarius and A. sejuncta). Morphometrics and a phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer regions 1 and 2 and the 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene indicated that both of these nematode populations were B. doui, which has previously only been known to use M. subfasciatus and A. fraudatrix as vectors. Therefore, this study demonstrated that this nematode utilises at least four species of beetles belonging to two genera as vectors in the field.
A Theology More Useful: Public Theology as Edification
Authors: Smith Graeme 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The article argues that Richard Rorty’s idea of edification should be adopted as the central approach of public theology. It begins by outlining Rorty’s definition of edification before exploring the argument in Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature which led to this definition. Various critical responses are then explored, especially the critique by Roy Bhaskar that Rorty’s approach is politically frivolous. It is suggested, however, that the criticism that Rorty is either relativist or unconcerned with ethical agency is unfair. Instead, rather than being concerned with different types of speaking Truth to power, public theologians should be focused on producing novel, unique and eye-catching redescriptions of social and political phenomena.
Morphosyntactic dependencies and verb movement in Cypriot Greek
Authors: Pavlou Natalia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This summary presents the main findings of my Ph.D. dissertation (University of Chicago) on verbal morphology and the syntax of the verb in an understudied variety of Greek, namely Cypriot Greek. Allomorphy in the Cypriot verb is explored here by way of investigating the interaction of morphology and syntax.
The Attenuation of Female Empowerment among Three Pentecostal-Charismatic Chinese Churches in Malaysia and Singapore
Authors: Cheong Weng Kit 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Among all branches of Christianity, female empowerment has been valorized in Pentecostalism. However, questions remain regarding the extent of empowerment in its egalitarian ethos. This article examines some historical and sociological aspects of pentecostal-charismatic female power and leadership among three Chinese majority churches in Malaysia and Singapore. It does so by a participant-observation methodology of these churches and in-depth interviews of church and lay leaders to enquire into the degree in which women are (dis)empowered for ministry. It concludes that specific practices and traits of Pentecostalism such as the charismata, prayer and worship, and church female leadership are configured in response to contextual sociocultural influences to produce a Christian/pentecostal woman that is both modern yet distinctly Chinese but attenuated within a Confucian family logic.
The Porous Self and the Buffered Self
Authors: Balcomb Anthony Oswald 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Taylor’s typology of the porous and the buffered self are central to his thesis on secularisation in the Western world. The porous self is a characteristic of the enchanted world and the buffered self of the disenchanted world. He differentiates between these characterisations in terms of particular themes such as meaning, agency, boundaries, vulnerability, individual vs. society, and belief. Applying these characterisations to the African context using particular case studies reveals that the porous self continues to feature in the contemporary African context. This raises the question of the kinds of theologies that are commensurate with them and how they are manifest in the African context.
Three Aramaic Piyyutim for Purim: Text, Context, and Interpretation
Authors: Grossman Eliav 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article presents a critical edition of three Aramaic piyyutim for Purim. The piyyutim are unique in that they were not written in Hebrew, the overwhelmingly dominant language of classical piyyutim, but in a biblicizing register of Aramaic. This puts these piyyutim in conversation with other forms of Jewish Aramaic poetry, namely poems written in Jewish Palestinian Aramaic (JPA). The article includes a detailed analysis of the relation between the JPA poems for Purim and the piyyutim presented herein, and it argues that overt anti-Christian polemics are common to both. The Aramaic piyyutim presented here thus provide a unique nexus between JPA poetry and classical piyyut.
Spectres of Undocumented Migration in Paris
Authors: Vium Christian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Based on recurrent ethnographic fieldwork with West African undocumented (im)migrants in Paris (France) since 2006, this photo-essay describes one particular housing complex inhabited by a vast West African diaspora. In addition to a descriptive analysis of my work with photography in the context of anthropological research in this particular setting, the article explores the notion of sacrifice as experienced and recounted by men who have undertaken the long and perilous journey to Europe to find means to support their families back home. Finally, I argue in favour of an approach to aesthetics that acknowledges the fundamental ambiguity of the photographic image and its use within the context of undocumented migration.
Ellipses of Cultural Diplomacy
Authors: Mangalagiri Adhira 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article studies China-India cultural diplomacy in the context of the socialist Chinese literary sphere. Decentering “dialogue” as an easy metaphor for transnationalism, I propose ellipses – the mark of silences, tensions, the unsaid – as a conceptual frame that makes visible those literary ties that frustrate the logic and aims of cultural diplomacy. I offer as a case study the Hindi poet Dinkar’s travelogue recording his visit to China in 1957. The travelogue brings together two concurrent Cold War phenomena that have so far been studied as separate: the Chinese political campaigns of 1957, and the 1950s era of China-India cultural diplomacy. Recording the Anti-Rightist Campaign in a Hindi idiom, Dinkar’s literary practice crafts the realm of ellipses as generating new China-India literary ties, obscured by the official banner of cultural diplomacy.
Contentious Politics in China: Causes, Dynamics, and Consequences
Authors: Elfstrom Manfred , Li Yao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChina has become a land of social protests. Yet the Chinese state possesses considerable capacity and is rising on the world stage day by day. Why and how do Chinese people take to the streets? Where does their activism lead? This paper draws on a rich body of existing literature to provide an overview of the broad landscape of Chinese contentious politics and to dig deeper into a few common or emerging forms of social conflict. It then explores the various structural and political opportunity-based explanations for why protest occurs in China, before describing the ways in which different organizations and different framings of issues by citizens affect how protests play out. Shifting to where protests lead, the paper briefly surveys a variety of coercive and conciliatory institutions China possesses for social control and then documents distinct patterns in the state’s handling of different types of resistance—repressive, tolerant, concessionary, and mixed approaches—followed by an examination of the multifaceted impact of unrest. The conclusion offers suggestions for future researchers. Reviewing major concepts, debates, perspectives, and emerging research directions in studies of contentious politics in the world’s most populous country, this paper contributes to a more nuanced understanding of authoritarian politics and authoritarian resilience more generally.
Narratives of Peace and Conflict: A Ghanaian Example of NGO Peacebuilding
Authors: Amos Julia 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the Northern region of Ghana in the mid-1990s a coalition of NGOs came together to mediate an end to a large-scale inter-ethnic conflict. This essay develops the theoretical concepts of conflict and peace narratives to show how this process was able to transcend the violence. It also examines how the NGO-mediated negotiations compared and related with concurrent state initiatives. NGO advantage derived from the social capital that these organisations had accumulated through local service provision, and the perceived neutrality of the talks they arranged, highlighting the complex relationships between the provision of services, state resources and conflict resolution effectiveness.
Custom and Modern Constructions of Sharīʿa: Transnational Juristic Discussions on the Status of ʿUrf
Authors: Shabana Ayman 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper examines modern juristic discussions on the concept of custom in light of the proceedings of the fifth session of the International Islamic Fiqh Academy, which was held in 1988. It shows the extent to which these discussions not only address the role of custom in the derivation of Islamic law and its place in the Islamic legal tradition, but also reflect the impact of modern positive legislations on modern conceptualizations of Sharīʿa and how it has been constructed in the wake of the modern legal reform movement. In particular, the framing of custom in some civil codes as an independent legal source marked a significant development and created tension between Sharīʿa and modern legal codes. This perceived tension has, in turn, inspired efforts to reaffirm the primacy of Sharīʿa and demands for its implementation. While these discussions demonstrate how Muslim scholars situate Sharīʿa within national legal structures, they also show the role of juristic councils, such as the International Islamic Fiqh Academy, in the development of a transnational juristic discourse that transcends the boundaries of the nation state.
Islamic Human Rights Discourse and Hermeneutics of Continuity
Authors: Mol Arnold Yasin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
After World War II the United Nations developed new international law constructs in cooperation with the majority of the world’s nations, which were mainly based on a Western hermeneutic of rights. This international humanistic project provided new anthropological constructs which were seen as compatible or non-compatible, by Muslims or non-Muslims, with Islam. When analyzing these discussions on Islam and human rights discourse into a typology they can provide insights where compatibility and non-compatibility lies, and where possible reinterpretation is needed. Within the typology, two forms of discourses can be discerned: Islamic human rights discourse as the internal Muslim discourse on human rights and the external ‘Islam and human rights’ discourse which emerged together with the modern human rights regimes. By analyzing the different elements of what constitutes Islam and human rights discourse we can derive new understandings and strategies in how to engage a modern Islamic human rights discourse and constitute an Islamic science of human rights (ʿilm al-ḥuqūq) which provides a hermeneutics of continuity between Islam and modern human rights and overcomes both apologetics and othering.
من المقاربة الفقهية إلى المقاربة الأخلاقية: الاجتهاد المعاصر والجينوم نموذجًا
Authors: الخطيب معتز 
Published: December 2019

الخلاصة
تثير العلاقة بين الفقه والأخلاق—بوصفهما حقلين مستقلين—الكثير من التساؤلات والإشكالات، ومما يزيدها تعقيدًا أن الفقه والأخلاق يتناولان الفعل الإنساني من حيث الحكمُ عليه وتقويمُه، ومصادر هذا الحكم، وتعليلاته. تتبنى هذه الدراسة مقولةً مُفادها أن الاجتهاد الفقهي لم يَعُد—وحده—كافيًا لتقويم المستجدات الحديثة، وأن ثمة حاجة إلى الانتقال من المقاربة الفقهية إلى المقاربة الأخلاقية للقضايا المستجدة. وفي سبيل ذلك يعالج هذا البحث الفتاوى/القرارات الخاصة بموضوع الجينوم والصادرة عن ثلاث مؤسسات هي: مجمع الفقه الإسلامي الدولي، والمجمع الفقهي الإسلامي، والمنظمة الإسلامية للعلوم الطبية، ويقدم تحليلاً نقديًّا لها، ثم يقترح منهجية لمقاربة الجينوم يتم من خلالها تطوير التعليل الأخلاقي ليواكب التطورات الحديثة وتعقيداتها. المقاربة الأخلاقية المقترحة تساعدنا في الإجابة على سؤالين: ما الممارسة الصالحة أو المسوّغة أخلاقيًّا؟ وكيف نحددها أو نعرفها؟ وهي مقاربة أوسع من فكرة البحث عن “حكم الله” بالمنطق الفقهي، وهي مقاربة متعددة التخصصات تستثمر حقولاً علمية مختلفة لصياغة موقف محدد وتركيبي من القضايا المطروحة يتناسب وتعقيداتها وتأثيراتها المتنوعة، ويتداخل فيها مفهوما الأخلاق والدين على المستوى النظري المتمثل في ما بعد الأخلاق ومفاهيم مركزية أخرى، وعلى المستوى التطبيقي الذي يرصد النقاشات الفعلية لأشكال الممارسة الصالحة أو المعلَّلة أخلاقيًّا.
يبدأ البحث بتمهيد حول التجيين والتدخل الجيني، ثم يقدم خلاصة وافية عن الاجتهاد المعاصر حول الجينوم قراءة تحليلية نقدية لأحكامه وقراراته مع بيان مداخلها المنهجية وتعليلاتها، ثم يقترح مقاربة أخلاقية للجينوم يوضح—من خلالها—كيف يمكن إعادة بناء موقف أخلاقي منه يتوفر على التعليل اللازم له. وبسبب غموض مفهوم الأخلاق في حقل الدراسات الإسلامية من جهة، ولأنها تشكل الإطار النظري والمفهومي للمنهج المقترح هنا من جهة ثانية، توسع البحث قليلاً في إيضاح المفهوم وأبعاده ليبني عليه بعد ذلك؛ مما يساعد على إدراك بعض جوانب الفرق بين الفقه والأخلاق.
The Mountain Weather and Climate of Denali, Alaska—An Overview
Authors: Hartl Lea , Stuefer Martin , Saito Tohru 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAn overview of climatological and meteorological conditions and their seasonal variability in the Denali summit region is presented, based on the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis 1 dataset for the 1948–2018 period. At the Denali grid cell, a warming trend of +0.02°C significant at the 95% level is found—equivalent to a temperature increase of 1.4°C over the time period. The number of very cold days (<−35°C) during the climbing season (April–July) has decreased by approximately a day per decade. The number of very windy days (≥20 m s−1) during the climbing season also shows a decreasing trend for the majority of the time series. To assess synoptic patterns that affect the Denali region, a self-organizing map algorithm was applied to the geopotential height (GPH) field extracted from the reanalysis data. In winter, the synoptic situation in the Denali region is dominated by frequent zonal flow and negative GPH anomalies associated with the polar front. As the polar front moves north during the seasonal cycle, patterns shift to largely positive GPH anomalies and more meridional flow. Extreme wind speeds unfavorable for climbing occur in all seasons and are associated mainly with the polar jet passing directly over Denali, or cyclogenesis in the Bering Sea. The frequency of occurrence of strongly zonal, low GPH patterns during the main climbing season (April–July) shows a slight decrease in recent years.
“Wind Theft” from Onshore Wind Turbine Arrays: Sensitivity to Wind Farm Parameterization and Resolution
Authors: Pryor Sara C. , Shepherd Tristan J. , Volker Patrick J. H. , Hahmann Andrea N. , Barthelmie Rebecca J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHigh-resolution simulations are conducted with the Weather Research and Forecasting Model to evaluate the sensitivity of wake effects and power production from two wind farm parameterizations [the commonly used Fitch scheme and the more recently developed Explicit Wake Parameterization (EWP)] to the resolution at which the model is applied. The simulations are conducted for a 9-month period for a domain encompassing much of the U.S. Midwest. The two horizontal resolutions considered are 4 km × 4 km and 2 km × 2 km grid cells, and the two vertical discretizations employ either 41 or 57 vertical layers (with the latter having double the number in the lowest 1 km). Higher wind speeds are observed close to the wind turbine hub height when a larger number of vertical layers are employed (12 in the lowest 200 m vs 6), which contributes to higher power production from both wind farm schemes. Differences in gross capacity factors for wind turbine power production from the two wind farm parameterizations and with resolution are most strongly manifest under stable conditions (i.e., at night). The spatial extent of wind farm wakes when defined as the area affected by velocity deficits near to wind turbine hub heights in excess of 2% of the simulation without wind turbines is considerably larger in simulations with the Fitch scheme. This spatial extent is generally reduced by increasing the horizontal resolution and/or increasing the number of vertical levels. These results have important applications to projections of expected annual energy production from new wind turbine arrays constructed in the wind shadow from existing wind farms.
A preliminary study of care coordination services within a specialized outpatient setting for youth with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Singh Vini , Pinkett-Davis Melanie , Kalb Luther G. , Azad Gazi , Neely Jason , Landa Rebecca 
Published: December 2019

Introduction Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder often experience high levels of stress and challenges when organizing medical and behavioral services for their child. Care coordination could alleviate these challenges, however little is known about the effectiveness of this service. This study examined the need, feasibility, and acceptability of a care coordination program. Methods Families of 176 children with autism, seen at a multidisciplinary autism clinic in the United States, participated in a prospective observational study. Families received a three-month structured care coordination program and completed pre- and post-program questionnaires that probed parents’ beliefs about the need and acceptability of the program through structured and open-ended questions. Results Most (≥90%) parents reported both a need for care coordination and satisfaction with the program. Qualitative themes identified valuable aspects and ways to improve the program. Discussion Parents raising a child with autism spectrum disorder experience an unmet need for care coordination. When provided, parents’ demonstrated high uptake of service and high levels of satisfaction with the program.
Anatomical sacral slope, a new pelvic parameter, is associated with lumbar lordosis and pelvic incidence in healthy Japanese women: A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Suzuki Hayato , Imai Norio , Nozaki Asami , Hirano Yuki , Endo Naoto 
Published: December 2019

Purpose: Anatomical sacral slope (a-SS), a pelvic anatomical parameter that does not require the center of the femoral head, strongly correlates with pelvic incidence (PI) during three-dimensional measurements in normal subjects. Sagittal alignment of spinal and pelvic parameters is typically evaluated using two-dimensional radiographs; however, the relationship between a-SS and PI has not been evaluated using radiographs. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between a-SS and other spinal and pelvic parameters using radiographs. Methods: We evaluated 144 healthy women. Using sagittal radiographs, we measured lumbar lordosis (LL), thoracic kyphosis, PI, SS, pelvic tilt, and a-SS, which were defined as the angle between the superior end plate of S1 and a line perpendicular to the anterior pelvic plane. Pearson coefficients were used to determine correlations, and intraobserver and interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used for validation. Results: There was a strong correlation between PI and a-SS ( r = 0.756). Moreover, correlations between a-SS and LL and between PI and LL were similar ( r = 0.661 and r = 0.554, respectively). The intraobserver ICCs were 0.884 for a-SS and 0.840 for PI. The interobserver ICCs were 0.856 for a-SS and 0.653 for PI. Conclusion: a-SS was strongly correlated with PI. The correlation between a-SS and LL was equivalent to the correlation between PI and LL. Moreover, the ICC for a-SS was larger than that of PI. This study suggests that a-SS is a useful new pelvic anatomical parameter that can be used instead of PI.
Second-look arthroscopic findings after medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy combined with all-inside repair of medial meniscus posterior root tears
Authors: Jing Lizhong , Liu Kun , Wang Xiaole , Wang Xiaotan , Li Zhen , Zhang Xia , Wang Shaoshan , Yang Jiushan 
Published: December 2019

Purpose: To examine the results of medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) combined with all-inside repair focusing on medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRT) by second-look arthroscopy and determine the clinical relevance of the findings. Methods: From June 2015 to June 2017, 27 consecutive patients underwent MOWHTO and meniscal treatment for MMPRT using all-inside repair. All were available for second-look arthroscopy evaluation at the time of plate removal. Cartilage regeneration in the medial condyles and healing status of the MMPRT were assessed at the time of second-look arthroscopy. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) scores and the Lysholm score scale. The potential factors affecting the healing of MMPRT, including age, body mass index (BMI), weight-bearing line rate (WBLR) and femorotibial angle (FTA) were discussed. Results: There were 11 (41%) cases with complete healing (group A) and 16 (59%) cases with lax healing (group B). A complete cartilage coverage of chondral lesions was observed at second-look arthroscopy. Improvements of HSS in both groups were 41.25 ± 6.18 and 38.82 ± 5.43, while improvements in Lysholm score seen in both groups were 30.40 ± 4.84 and 32.65 ± 4.11. There was no significant difference in the postoperative clinical results between the two groups. In group A, the age (months), BMI, WBLR, and FTA are 54.61 ± 2.53, 23.58 ± 2.39, 66.10 ± 2.86% and 169.00 ± 2.62°, respectively, while in group B, they are 55.16 ± 4.92, 29.58 ± 3.91, 57.51 ± 5.49% and 175.21 ± 2.87°, respectively. A significant difference has been identified between two groups except for age. Conclusion: As seen in this retrospective study, a higher healing rate of MMPRT using all-inside repair and regeneration of degenerated articular cartilage in the medial condyles after MOWHTO can be expected. Healing of the MMPRT was not related to a better clinical outcome. Moreover, it can be inferred that BMI, WBLR and FTA may affect the healing status of MMPRT.