bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OsRAD51D promotes homologous pairing and recombination by preventing nonhomologous interactions in rice meiosis
Authors: Zhang Fanfan , Shen Yi , Miao Chunbo , Cao Yiwei , Shi Wenqing , Du Guijie , Tang Ding , Li Yafei , Luo Qiong , Cheng Zhukuan 
Published: April 2020

Summary

Homologous recombination is carefully orchestrated to maintain genome integrity. RAD51D has been previously shown to be essential for double‐strand break repair in mammalian somatic cells. However, the function of RAD51D during meiosis is largely unknown.

Here, through detailed analyses of Osrad51d single and double mutants, we pinpoint the specific function of OsRAD51D in coordinating homologous pairing and recombination by preventing nonhomologous interactions during meiosis.

OsRAD51D is associated with telomeres in both meiocytes and somatic cells. Loss of OsRAD51D leads to significant induction of nonhomologous pairing and chromosome entanglements, suggesting its role in suppressing nonhomologous interactions. The failed localization of OsRAD51 and OsDMC1 in Osrad51d, together with the genetic analysis of Osrad51d Osdmc1a Osdmc1b, indicates that OsRAD51D acts at a very early stage of homologous recombination. Observations from the Osrad51d pair1 and Osrad51d ku70 double mutants further demonstrate that nonhomologous interactions require double‐strand break formation but do not depend on the KU70‐mediated repair pathway. Moreover, the interplay between OsRAD51D and OsRAD51C indicates both conservation and divergence of their functions in meiosis.

Altogether, this work reveals that OsRAD51D plays an essential role in the inhibition of nonhomologous connections, thus guaranteeing faithful pairing and recombination during meiosis.
Longer upper airway lengths in Robin Sequence: A case‐control study using computed tomography
Authors: Perez Francisco A. , Hottinger Daniel G. , Evans Kelly N. , Giles Marian , Otto Randolph K. , Hunyady Agnes , Gentry Katherine R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundDirect laryngoscopy and intubation are often difficult in children with Robin Sequence. Previous research characterizing anatomic airway differences has focused on parameters influencing airway patency; there is a paucity of data pertaining to intubation trajectories and depth. Such information could impact airway management approaches and decrease the incidence of endotracheal tube malpositioning.AimThe study goal was to examine whether longitudinal airway parameters pertaining to intubation are different in children with Robin Sequence compared with age‐matched controls.MethodThis case‐control study compared patients with RS <4 years of age who had computed tomography scans of the head and neck to age‐ and sex‐matched controls. Measurements were made of the nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, tongue, hyoid, and the front teeth to vocal cord, nares to vocal cord, and nasion‐basion distances. Statistical analysis was performed using multiple ANCOVA models with the categorical predictor of Robin Sequence vs control and potential covariates including subject height/length, weight, and age.ResultsThirty‐three patients with Robin Sequence and 33 control subjects were included. After controlling for subject height/length, mean front teeth to vocal cord distance was 1.2 cm longer (95% CI: 0.9 to 1.6 cm, P < .001) and mean nares to vocal cord distance was 0.8 cm longer (95% CI: 0.4 to 1.2 cm, P < .001) in patients with Robin Sequence than in controls. The tongue was positioned on average 0.5 cm higher (95% CI: 0.3 to 0.8, P < .001) and 0.9 cm more posterior (95% CI: 0.6 to 1.0 cm, P < .001) in cases than in controls. Moreover, in patients with Robin Sequence, the hyoid was positioned on average 0.5 cm more inferiorly (95% CI: 0.2 to 0.8 cm, P < .001) and 0.2 cm more posteriorly (95% CI: 0.1 to 0.4 cm, P < .01) than controls.ConclusionIn patients with Robin Sequence under 4 years of age, the mean front teeth to vocal cord distance was found to be 1.2 cm longer while the mean nares to vocal cord distance was found to be 0.8 cm longer controlling for subject length. Clinicians should account for these differences when selecting and placing endotracheal tubes, particularly those with a preformed bend.
Body composition of school‐aged children with disabilities
Authors: Sung Won Jin , Kim Woo Jin , Hwang Youngdeok , Kim Joon Sung , Lim Seong Hoon , Hong Bo Young 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundChildren with disabilities are more likely to have problems related to growth and development than typically developing children. This study aimed to compare the growth and body composition indices of children with disabilities with those of typically developing children.MethodsStudents from two elementary schools and one special school were recruited. Height, bodyweight, fat mass, fat‐free mass, skeletal muscle mass, and percentage body fat (PBF) were measured. Raw data and proportions of classifications (under, within, and over range) according to the reference value were analyzed.ResultsIn total, 355 typically developing children, and 73 children with disabilities participated. Fat‐free mass was significantly lower in students with disabilities than in typically developing students (32.14 ± 5.82 versus 28.71 ± 5.92, P < 0.05). Compared with typically developing students, students with disabilities showed tendencies of lower ranges of body mass index (BMI) and fat mass index (FMI). The proportion of under, within, or over ranges of FFMI (fat‐free mass index) was significantly different between the two groups. Among the factors, age, gender, and disability, disability significantly influenced FFMI in school‐aged children. The proportion of three ranges of BMI, PBF, FMI were significantly different among the age groups in students with disabilities (P = 0.006, P = 0.0001, and P = 0.001, respectively). Younger children had significantly greater proportions of under range in BMI, PBF, and FMI.ConclusionsDisability significantly affects FFMI, which represents muscle mass. Therefore, it is crucial to make efforts to increase physical activity and to improve nutrition in rehabilitative intervention strategies.
How ESKD complicates the management of diabetic foot ulcers: The vital role of the dialysis team in prevention, early detection, and support of multidisciplinary treatment to reduce lower extremity amputations
Authors: Allison Genève M. , Flanagin Erin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcers do not heal as well in ESKD as in the absence of kidney failure, and rates of recurrent foot ulcers, as well as lower extremity amputation, are higher. This review of the literature highlights the vital role of the dialysis team in prevention, early detection, and support of treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Our review has five goals—(a) increase nephrologists’ understanding of the high morbidity and mortality associated with chronic foot ulcers and (lower extrimity) LE amputations in ESKD; (b) promote nephrologists’ understanding of grading systems for diabetic foot ulcer severity, in order to expedite communication with local diabetic foot experts; (c) promote collaboration between nephrologists and infectious disease specialists regarding the dose, route, and delivery logistics of intravenous antibiotics for infected chronic foot ulcers, in particular in the presence of osteomyelitis and other deep‐seated infections; (d) increase the awareness of dialysis nurses, technicians, dietitians, social workers and administrators regarding evidence‐based and multidisciplinary approaches to patients’ diabetic foot ulcers; (e) encourage the application of published works integrating patient‐centered diabetic foot education into the dialysis setting to reduce lower extremity amputations.
Extended durotomy to treat severe spinal cord injury after acute thoracolumbar disc herniation in dogs
Authors: Jeffery Nick D. , Mankin Joe M. , Ito Daisuke , Boudreau C. Elizabeth , Kerwin Sharon C. , Levine Jon M. , Krasnow Maya S. , Andruzzi Melissa N. , Alcott Cody J. , Granger Nicolas 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo report recovery of ambulation of dogs treated with extended thoracolumbar durotomy for severe spinal cord injury caused by intervertebral disc herniation.Study designDescriptive cohort.AnimalsTwenty‐six consecutive paraplegic dogs presented with loss of deep pain sensation after acute thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation.MethodsEach dog underwent routine diagnostic assessment and surgery for removal of extradural herniated intervertebral disc, followed by a four‐vertebral body length durotomy centered on the herniated disc. Each dog was followed up until it was able to walk 10 steps without assistance or until 6 months after surgery.ResultsSixteen of 26 dogs recovered to walk unaided (all but one also recovered fecal and urinary continence), and six dogs did not; four dogs were lost to follow‐up. One dog was euthanized because of signs consistent with progressive myelomalacia. There was no evidence of detrimental effects of durotomy within the period of study. Using Bayesian analysis, we found a point estimate of successful outcome of 71% with 95% credible interval from 52% to 87%.ConclusionExtended durotomy seemed to improve the outcome of dogs in our case series without increase in morbidity.Clinical significanceExtended durotomy appears safe and may improve the outcome of dogs with severe thoracolumbar mixed contusion and compressive injuries associated with acute intervertebral disc extrusion.
Why Do African Countries Adopt IFRS? An Institutional Perspective
Authors: Boolaky Pran Krishansing , Tawiah Vincent , Soobaroyen Teerooven 
Published: April 2020

We examine the institutional drivers of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption in Africa. The study covers all 54 African countries and relies on data from 2010 to 2015. Our results support the neo-institutional theoretical predictions that coercive, mimetic, and normative isomorphism influence IFRS adoption in Africa, although the circuits of isomorphic pressures differ from previous studies investigating adoption at the worldwide level and in emerging economies. Specifically, we find evidence of the influence by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund on African countries made subject to the Report on Observance of Standards and Codes — Accounting and Auditing program of assessment. We also found that the presence of global audit firms and the years of membership in the International Federation of Accountants are strongly associated with a country’s decision to adopt IFRS. Also, countries with a more structured and active professional accounting organization (PAO) are more likely to adopt IFRS. Our findings provide insights into the significant role played by local PAOs in the promotion of IFRS. Furthermore, we provide empirical evidence that the nature of the isomorphic pressures in Africa is different from those suggested in prior studies, reinforcing the view that IFRS adoption is primarily driven by social and political dimensions, rather than the economic dimension usually professed by IFRS proponents.
EXPLORING PASSIVE INNOVATION RESISTANCE — AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF PREDICTORS AND CONSEQUENCES AT THE COGNITIVE AND SITUATIONAL LEVEL
Authors: KOCH JULIAN , KRAEMER TOBIAS , HEIDENREICH SVEN 
Published: April 2020

Developing and marketing innovations is a major challenge for organisations. Thus, a large body of research has analysed factors influencing innovation adoption and identified passive innovation resistance (PIR) as a crucial inhibitor. However, extant studies failed to examine whether predictors and consequences vary for the two different types of PIR — cognitive and situational PIR. This research strives to address this gap by analysing data of 238 consumers using PLS structural equation modelling. With respect to predictors, corresponding results show that cognitive PIR is strongly enhanced by neuroticism and increases with age, while it is reduced by openness to experience. Situational PIR is reduced by openness to experience and is lower among men. The results also highlight that cognitive and situational PIR substantially differ with respect to consequences. Cognitive PIR represents a strong inhibitor for behavioural innovations, whereas situational PIR is a strong inhibitor of functional innovations.
Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Fertility: No Impact on Ovarian Reserve in Premenopausal Women
Authors: Savino Sciascia , Massimo Radin , Elisa Menegatti , Alice Barinotti , Federica Sini , Irene Cecchi , Elena Rubini , Silvia Foddai , Dario Roccatello 
Published: April 2020

Objective: To investigate possible differences in levels of ovarian reserve between antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) asymptomatic carriers and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) patients, by measuring the levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). Methods: We enrolled 69 premenopausal women divided in 2 groups: a) patients with APS, either primary (PAPS) or secondary (SAPS), according to the Sydney classification criteria; b) asymptomatic aPL carriers. Aged-matched premenopausal healthy donors (HDs) were also recruited. Complete aPL testing was performed and AMH levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Among the 69 patients included in the study, 22 were diagnosed with PAPS, 13 with SAPS, and 14 patients were asymptomatic aPL carriers. No differences in AMH levels were observed among the three groups [mean AMH: PAPS 3.09 ng/ml ± 1.9 (range 1.02 − 7.1); SAPS 3.1 ng/ml ± 2.2 (range 1.1 − 7.6); aPL carriers 2.2 ng/ml ± 5.4 (range 1 − 6.3)] and between patients/aPL carriers and HDs [mean AMH 2.82 ng/ml ± 2.9 (range 1 − 6.9)]. Any correlation between the global APS score (GAPSS) and AMH levels failed to be found (rho = 0.31; p = 0.073). Conclusion: With the limitations of the current study, as observed in women with APS, we confirm that ovarian reserve, assessed with AMH levels, is not reduced in premenopausal women with isolated aPL positivity. Moreover, when granulating the aPL profile in terms of risk assessment, using the GAPSS, no impact on fertility was observed.
A Generic Framework for Engineering Graph Canonization Algorithms
Authors: Andersen Jakob L. , Merkle Daniel 
Published: April 2020

The state-of-the-art tools for practical graph canonization are all based on the individualization-refinement paradigm, and their difference is primarily in the choice of heuristics they include and in the actual tool implementation. It is thus not possible to make a direct comparison of how individual algorithmic ideas affect the performance on different graph classes.
We present an algorithmic software framework that facilitates implementation of heuristics as independent extensions to a common core algorithm. It therefore becomes easy to perform a detailed comparison of the performance and behavior of different algorithmic ideas. Implementations are provided of a range of algorithms for tree traversal, target cell selection, and node invariant, including choices from the literature and new variations. The framework readily supports extraction and visualization of detailed data from separate algorithm executions for subsequent analysis and development of new heuristics.
Using collections of different graph classes, we investigate the effect of varying the selections of heuristics, often revealing exactly which individual algorithmic choice is responsible for particularly good or bad performance. On several benchmark collections, including a newly proposed class of difficult instances, we additionally find that our implementation performs better than the current state-of-the-art tools.
Lenisaphelenchus ulomae n. gen., n. sp. (Rhabditida: Aphelenchoididae) isolated from the body cavity of Uloma marseuli Nakane (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Japan
Authors: Kanzaki Natsumi , Hamaguchi Keiko 
Published: April 2020

Summary
A new aphelenchoidid entomoparasitic nematode was isolated from the body cavity of overwintering individuals of a tenebrionid beetle, Uloma marseuli, collected at Shiga, Japan. The nematode is characterised by its six equal-sized lips forming a dome shape continuous with body contour. It has a moderately thick stylet, with wide lumen, a long two-part long (conus + conophore) and elongate oval or pear-shaped metacorpus with glandular anterior part. The male spicules are separate with a well-developed condylus, triangular rostrum and smoothly and strongly curved calomus-lamina complex. A gubernaculum or apophysis is absent. There are two pairs of papilliform male genital papillae. Females lack a post-vulval uterine sac, have a seemingly vestigial rectum and anus, and conical tail. The combination of the typological characters of the species does not fit any currently accepted aphelenchoidid genus and is somewhat intermediate between the Ektaphelenchinae and Entaphelenchinae. The molecular phylogenetic analysis also suggested that the nematode is close to both Ektaphelenchoides (Ektaphelenchinae) and Peraphelenchus (Entaphelenchinae). Thus, the nematode is described and illustrated as Lenisaphelenchus ulomae n. gen., n. sp. and tentatively placed in the Ektaphelenchinae.
Politics of Paratextuality: The Glossary between Translation and the Translational
Authors: Ayoub Dima 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
This article considers the role of the glossary and related paratextual forms, such as introductions and notes, against the backdrop of an expanding corpus of translated Arabic fiction and fiction written in English by Arab authors, arguing that these paratextual elements have become mainstays of the translation industry. Through an analysis of the glossary in particular, this article considers how paratexts disrupt the impasse between translatability and untranslatability. It further examines the glossary beyond its functionality, even utility as a taxonomomical force, and argues that paratexts are a technology wielded by a complex mediating network that produces literary effects and further, a technology that functions in process alongside translation.
Situating Rifāʿah al-Ṭahṭāwī within an Islamicate Context
Authors: Lawandow Atoor 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In this article, I read Rifāʿah al-Ṭahṭāwī (1801-1873) in an Islamicate, Ottoman context by comparing him to eighteenth and nineteenth-century authors who engaged Ibn Khaldūn’s ideas as transmitted by his Ottoman interpreters. Reading al-Ṭahṭāwī in light of Ibn Khaldūn’s political theories from the Muqaddimah, reveals that al-Ṭahṭāwī’s work constitutes a continuation of eighteenth-century intellectual history, as it shares the same conception of state, geography, and civilizational history found in Ottoman, Mughal, and Mamluk texts. Thus, taking into consideration his Ottoman context is important for helping us understand the intellectual development of Nahḍah authors, like al-Ṭahṭāwī.
Egyptian Movement Poetry
Authors: Colla Elliott 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Poetry has long had a central place in the repertoires of modern Egyptian protest movements, but just as social science accounts of these movements downplay the role of expressive arts (such as poetry), literary studies of colloquial Egyptian poetry have downplayed the performative dynamic of this poetry, as well as its role within social movements. This essay develops the concept of “movement poetry” within the Egyptian social movements, with a special focus on the protest cycle of 1968-1977. In so doing, it discusses the work of Abdel Rahman el-Abnoudi (ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Abnūdī), Ahmed Fouad Negm (Aḥmad Fuʾād Nijm), Samīr ʿAbd al-Bāqī, and others, and considers the conventions and repertoires that extend to Egyptian activists in the present.
Perfusion-based functional magnetic resonance imaging for differentiating serous borderline ovarian tumors from early serous ovarian cancers in a rat model
Authors: Cai Song-Qi , Li Ying , Li Yong-Ai , Wang Li , Zhu Jian , Zhao Shu-Hui , Qiang Jin-Wei 
Published: April 2020

Background Differentiation of borderline tumors from early ovarian cancer has recently received increasing attention, since borderline tumors often affect young women of childbearing age who desire to preserve fertility. However, previous studies have demonstrated that non-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences cannot sufficiently differentiate these tumors. Purpose To investigate the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) in differentiating serous borderline ovarian tumors (SBOT) from early serous ovarian cancers (eSOCA). Material and Methods Twenty SBOT and 20 eSOCA rat models were performed with DCE-MRI and IVIM-DWI at 3.0-T MR scanner. Qualitative and quantitative parameters of DCE-MRI were acquired and compared between two groups and correlated with the microvessel density (MVD). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were conducted to determine their differentiating performances. Results SBOTs presented significantly lower values of the initial area under the enhancement curve (iAUC), volume transfer constant (Ktrans), and extracellular extravascular volume fraction (ve) ( P <  0.05) and a significantly higher value of true diffusion (D) ( P =  0.001) compared with eSOCAs. The diagnostic effectiveness of ve combined with D was significantly better than that of ve or Ktrans alone ( P ≤  0.039). Conclusion DCE-MRI may represent a promising tool for differentiating SBOTs from eSOCAs and may not be replaced by IVIM-DWI. Combining DCE-MRI with DWI may improve the diagnostic performance of ovarian tumors.
Case report: Headache and neurological deficits with CSF lymphocytosis (HaNDL) associated with P/Q type voltage-gated calcium channel antibodies (CACNA1A)
Authors: Adib-Samii Poneh , Little Simon , Vincent Angela , Nirmalananthan Niranjanan 
Published: April 2020

Background Headache and Neurological Deficits with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Lymphocytosis (HaNDL) is an increasingly recognised syndrome but the aetiology remains unclear. HaNDL has striking clinical features similar to Familial Hemiplegic Migraine (FHM), commonly related to gene mutations encoding the P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC). Case report We report a case of HaNDL associated with high P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel antibodies. Extensive investigations excluded alternative diagnoses and CSF lymphocytosis resolved within 3 months. The case was complicated by raised intracranial pressure resulting in an enlarged blind spot, papilloedema and bilateral lateral rectus palsies. Conclusion This novel association of P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channel antibodies with HaNDL has implications for the pathology of HaNDL and spectrum of voltage-gated calcium channel-antibody disorders. We compare the clinical features of FHM and HaNDL and the potential pathological role of these antibodies. This case also highlights that raised intracranial pressure is a common feature of HaNDL, rarely resulting in serious complications.