bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Herpes Simplex virus type 2 myeloradiculitis with a pure motor presentation in a liver transplant recipient
Authors: Abati Elena , Gagliardi Delia , Velardo Daniele , Meneri Megi , Conte Giorgio , Cinnante Claudia , Bresolin Nereo , Comi Giacomo , Corti Stefania 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this case report, we describe the first PCR‐confirmed case of HSV2 myeloradiculitis with a purely motor presentation, occurring in a 68‐year‐old liver transplant recipient. The patient reported ascending weakness with no sensory nor sphincteric symptoms, thereby resembling acute demyelinating inflammatory neuropathy, or Guillain‐Barré syndrome. HSV2 was detected in cerebrospinal fluid by PCR, and the patient was successfully treated with intravenous Acyclovir.
d‐Lactic acid secreted by Chlorella fusca primes pattern‐triggered immunity against Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis
Authors: Lee Sang‐Moo , Kim Seon‐Kyu , Lee Nakyeong , Ahn Chi‐Yong , Ryu Choong‐Min 
Published: December 2019

SummaryBiological control agents including microbes and their products have been studied as sustainable crop protection strategies. Although aquatic microalgae have been recently introduced as a biological control agent, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying biological control by microalga Chlorella fusca. Foliar application of C. fusca elicits induced resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 that activates plant immunity rather than direct antagonism. To understand the basis of C. fusca‐triggered induced resistance at the transcriptional level, we conducted RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) analysis. RNA‐seq data showed that, upon pathogen inoculation, C. fusca treatment primed the expression of cysteine‐rich receptor‐like kinases, WRKY transcription factor genes, and salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signalling‐related genes. Intriguingly, the application of C. fusca primed pathogen‐associated molecular pattern ‐triggered immunity, characterized by reactive oxygen species burst and callose deposition, upon flagellin 22 treatment. The attempts to find C. fusca determinants allowed us to identify d‐lactic acid secreted in the supernatant of C. fusca as a defence priming agent. This is the first report of the mechanism of innate immune activation by aquatic microalga Chlorella in higher plants.
Diagnostic value of laboratory monitoring to predict severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn in non‐D and non‐K‐alloimmunized pregnancies
Authors: Koelewijn Johanna Maria , Slootweg Yolentha Maria , Folman Claudia , van Kamp Inge Louise , Oepkes Dick , de Haas Masja 
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUNDPregnant women are routinely screened for red blood cell (RBC) antibodies early in pregnancy. If RBC‐alloantibodies are detected, repeated laboratory testing is advised to timely identify pregnancies at high risk for severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). We assessed for RBC alloantibodies, other than anti‐D or anti‐K, cut‐offs for the titer and the antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) test to select high‐risk cases. To advise on test repeat intervals, and to avoid unnecessary testing, we evaluated the chance for exceeding the cut‐offs for Rh antibodies other than anti‐D, Jk, Fy, and S/s antibodies.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSDiagnostic value of antibody titer and ADCC test was determined with data from a prospective index‐cohort study, conducted in 2002‐2004. Laboratory test outcomes were from a recent observational cohort (2015‐2016).RESULTSA titer cut‐off of ≥16 showed a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI:73‐100%) and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 17% (95% CI:14%‐20%). The percentage of pregnancies reaching a titer above the cut‐off of ≥16 varied from 0% for anti‐Jka/Jkb (n = 38) to 36% for anti‐c (n = 97). The ADCC test showed no cut‐off with a 100% sensitivity. However, in cases with a titer ≥16 and an ADCC test ≥30% a PPV of 38% was obtained to detect severe HDFN.CONCLUSIONA titer cut‐off of ≥16 is adequate to detect all cases at risk for severe HDFN; the ADCC test may add a more accurate risk estimation. Repeated testing is recommended in pregnancies with anti‐c. In pregnancies with other Rh antibodies a repeated test in the third trimester is recommended.
Circulation of emerging NDM‐5‐producing Escherichia coli among humans and dogs in Egypt
Authors: Ramadan Hazem , Gupta Sushim K. , Sharma Poonam , Ahmed Marwa , Hiott Lari M. , Barrett John B. , Woodley Tiffanie A. , Frye Jonathan G. , Jackson Charlene R. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe emergence of NDM‐producing Escherichia coli has considerably threatened human and animal health worldwide. This study describes for the first time in Egypt, the draft genome sequences of emerging NDM‐5‐producing E. coli from humans and dogs, and investigates genetic relatedness between isolates from both sources. Two E. coli from human urine and seven from environmental clinical samples of dogs exhibited resistance to carbapenems and harbouring blaNDM were subjected to Illumina Miseq whole‐genome sequencing (WGS). Assembly and analysis of the reads were performed to identify resistance genes, multilocus sequence types (MLST), plasmid replicon types (Inc) and insertion sequences (IS) of the blaNDM region; core genome MLST (cgMLST) analysis was also performed. Two different NDM alleles were identified; blaNDM‐5 in E. coli HR119 from the urine of a healthy person and environmental samples of dogs, and blaNDM‐1 in E. coli HR135 from a human patient's urine. Multiple mobilizable resistance genes to different antimicrobial classes were identified except the colistin resistance gene, mcr. E. coli isolates from humans and dogs were assigned to different sequence types (STs). Using cgMLST, dog isolates clustered together with only 1–2 allellic differences; however, human E. coli showed 1,978 different allelles compared with dog isolates. Plasmidfinder results indicated the presence of an IncX3 replicon in blaNDM‐5‐producing E. coli; however, blaNDM‐1 was linked to IncCoIKP3. Notably, the NDM region (3 Kb) in all isolates from humans and dogs was highly similar with variable flanking sequences that represented different IS elements. This study reports the first emergence of NDM‐5‐producing E. coli from dogs in Egypt that shared some genetic features with human isolates and could be considered potential public health threats.
Effects of exercise training on serum preptin, undercarboxylated osteocalcin and high molecular weight adiponectin in adults with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Mohammad Rahimi Gholam Rasul , Bijeh Nahid , Rashidlamir Amir 
Published: December 2019

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
Are the advantages of aerobic interval exercise, resistance exercise and concurrent exercise on the metabolic profile mediated in part through preptin and undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOCN)?
What is the main finding and its importance?
Glucose was significantly lowered after concurrent exercise and aerobic interval exercise, but serum preptin and insulin were significantly lowered in all three training groups. By contrast, ucOCN and high molecular weight adiponectin increased significantly in all three training groups. These findings support the possible cross‐talk between bone, pancreatic β‐cells and energy metabolism in humans and suggest that preptin and ucOCN may potentially serve as markers of exercise‐induced improvement of metabolism.
AbstractPreptin is a peptide hormone that plays an important role in the development of obesity by regulation of carbohydrate metabolism. Undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOCN) is also linked to the regulation of body energy in that it modulates fat and glucose metabolism. This research aimed to examine the impact of aerobic interval, resistance and concurrent exercise on serum preptin, ucOCN and high molecular weight adiponectin (HMW‐APN) in obese adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Forty‐four obese men with MetS were randomized to receive aerobic interval exercise (AIEX, n = 10), resistance exercise (REX, n = 10), or concurrent aerobic interval and resistance exercise (CEX, n = 10), or to act as a non‐exercise control (CON, n = 10) three times a week for 12 weeks. Preptin was reduced more after AIEX and CEX than after REX (89.1% and 87.1% versus 9.6%; P = 0.028 and 0.030, respectively). ucOCN increased significantly only in the CEX (27.5%, P = 0.009) and AIEX (25%, P = 0.025) groups, but HMW‐APN increased significantly in all three training groups (AIEX 145.1%, P < 0.001; CEX 137%, P < 0.001; and REX 59.8%, P = 0.041). After the intervention, the improvement of peak oxygen uptake () in the AIEX group (73%) was greater than in the CEX (29.3%) and REX (3.8%) groups. On the other hand, CEX exhibited a greater reduction in glucose, insulin, insulin resistance index and HbA1c than did AIEX and REX. Our study indicates that the reduction in glucose after exercise training (especially AIEX and CEX) may be, somewhat, linked to decreased preptin and raised ucOCN and HMW‐APN.
A Generic Algorithm for Planning the Year-Round Solar Energy Harvest/Storage to Supply Solar-Based Stable Power
Authors: Alfulayyih Yasir M. , Li Peiwen , Gwesha Ammar Omar 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAn algorithm and modeling are developed to make precise planning of year-round solar energy (SE) collection, storage, and redistribution to meet a decided demand of electrical power fully relying on solar energy. The model takes the past 10 years’ data of average and worst-case sky coverage (clouds fraction) condition of a location at a time interval (window) of per 6 min in every day to predict solar energy and electrical energy harvest. The electrical energy obtained from solar energy in sunny times must meet the instantaneous energy demand and also the need for energy storage for nighttime and overcast days, so that no single day will have a shortage of energy supply in the entire year and yearly cycles. The analysis can eventually determine a best starting date of operation, a least solar collection area, and a least energy storage capacity for cost-effectiveness of the system. The algorithm provides a fundamental tool for the design of a general renewable energy harvest and storage system for non-interrupted year-round power supply. As an example, the algorithm was applied for the authors’ local city, Tucson, Arizona of the U.S. for a steady power supply of 1 MW.
Numerical Modeling of Coupled Fluid Flow and Geomechanical Stresses in a Petroleum Reservoir
Authors: Gudala Manojkumar , Govindarajan Suresh Kumar 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA fully coupled hydro and geomechanical model has been used to predict the transient pressure disturbance, reservoir deformation, and effective stress distribution in both homogeneous and heterogeneous reservoirs. The heterogeneous reservoir is conceptualized by explicitly considering the spatial distributions of porosity and permeability as against assuming it as constant values. The finite element method was used in the coupled model in conjunction with the poroelasticity. Transient pressure disturbance is significantly influenced by the overburden during the production in both homogeneous and heterogeneous reservoirs for all the perforation schemes. Perforation scheme 2 provides the optimum reservoir performance when compared with other three schemes in terms of transient pressure distribution and reservoir subsidence. It also has the ability to overcome both the water and gas coning problems when the reservoir fluid flow is driven by both gas cap and water drive mechanisms. A Biot–Willis coefficient is found to significantly influence both the pressure and stress distribution right from the wellbore to the reservoir boundary. Maximum effective stresses have been generated in the vicinity of the wellbore in the reservoir at a high Biot–Willis coefficient of 0.9. Thus, the present work clearly projects that a Biot–Willis coefficient of 0 cannot be treated to be a homogeneous reservoir by default, while the coupled effect of hydro and geomechanical stresses plays a very critical role. Therefore, the implementation of the coupled hydro and geomechanical numerical models can improve the prediction of transient reservoir behavior efficiently for the simple and complex geological systems effectively.
Dynamics of Necking and Fracture in Ductile Porous Materials
Authors: Zheng Xinzhu , N’souglo Komi E. , Rodríguez-Martínez Jose A. , Srivastava Ankit 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe onset of necking in dynamically expanding ductile rings is delayed due to the stabilizing effect of inertia, and with increasing expansion velocity, both the number of necks incepted and the number of fragments increase. In general, neck retardation is expected to delay fragmentation as necking is often the precursor to fracture. However, in porous ductile materials, it is possible that fracture can occur without significant necking. Thus, the objective of this work is to unravel the complex interaction of initial porosity and inertia on the onset of necking and fracture. To this end, we have carried out a series of finite element calculations of unit cells with sinusoidal geometric perturbations and varying levels of initial porosity under a wide range of dynamic loading conditions. In the calculations, the material is modeled using a constitutive framework that includes many of the hardening and softening mechanisms that are characteristics of ductile metallic materials, such as strain hardening, strain rate hardening, thermal softening, and damage-induced softening. The contribution of the inertia effect on the loading process is evaluated through a dimensionless parameter that combines the effects of loading rate, material properties, and unit cell size. Our results show that low initial porosity levels favor necking before fracture, and high initial porosity levels favor fracture before necking, especially at high loading rates where inertia effects delay the onset of necking. The finite element results are also compared with the predictions of linear stability analysis of necking instabilities in porous ductile materials.
An Origami-Based Medical Support System to Mitigate Flexible Shaft Buckling
Authors: Sargent Brandon , Butler Jared , Seymour Kendall , Bailey David , Jensen Brian , Magleby Spencer , Howell Larry 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper presents the development of an origami-inspired support system (the OriGuide) that enables the insertion of flexible instruments using medical robots. Varying parameters of a triangulated cylindrical origami pattern were combined to create an effective highly compressible anti-buckling system that maintains a constant inner diameter for supporting an instrument and a constant outer diameter throughout actuation. The proposed origami pattern is composed of two repeated patterns: a bistable pattern to create support points to mitigate flexible shaft buckling and a monostable pattern to enable axial extension and compression of the support system. The origami-based portion of the device is combined with two rigid mounts for interfacing with the medical robot. The origami-based portion of the device is fabricated from a single sheet of polyethylene terephthalate. The length, outer diameter, and inner diameter that emerge from the fold pattern can be customized to accommodate various robot designs and flexible instrument geometries without increasing the part count. The support system also adds protection to the instrument from external contamination.
Optimization of the Rotational Asymmetric Parallel Mechanism for Hip Rehabilitation With Force Transmission Factors
Authors: Zhang Wuxiang , Zhang Wei , Ding Xilun , Sun Lei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
An asymmetric three-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism is adopted in rehabilitation robots for assisting patients suffering from stroke or trauma in the hip. It is necessary to keep its kinematic singularity out of the workspace of human normal gait and increase the output power efficiency. Therefore, a novel method is proposed to optimize geometrical parameters of the mechanism. To describe the kinematic singularity in a better way, the improved force transmission indexes based on previous methods are proposed using the reciprocal product and mobility condition of the closed-loop mechanism. The indexes mainly represent the force transmission performance of unactuated parts of subchains and moving platform. Together with the driving force transmission indexes and geometrical constraints, the multiobjective optimization model is established. The differential evolution algorithm, which is widely applied to mechanism optimization, is used to achieve optimal results. The Jacobian matrix singularity and output power efficiency along giving trajectory before and after optimization are compared to verify the effectiveness of the method.
Dynamic Point-To-Point Trajectory Planning for Three Degrees-of-Freedom Cable-Suspended Parallel Robots Using Rapidly Exploring Random Tree Search
Authors: Xiang Sheng , Gao Haibo , Liu Zhen , Gosselin Clément 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper proposes a dynamic point-to-point trajectory planning technique for three degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) cable-suspended parallel robots. The proposed technique is capable of generating feasible multiple-swing trajectories that reach points beyond the footprint of the robot. Tree search algorithms are used to automatically determine a sequence of intermediate points to enhance the versatility of the planning technique. To increase the efficiency of the tree search, a one-swing motion primitive and a steering motion primitive are designed based on the dynamic model of the robot. Closed-form expressions for the motion primitives are given, and a corresponding rapid feasibility check process is proposed. An energy-based metric is used to estimate the distance in the Cartesian space between two points of a dynamic point-to-point task, and this system’s specific distance metric speeds up the coverage. The proposed technique is evaluated using a series of Monte Carlo runs, and comparative statistics results are given. Several example trajectories are presented to illustrate the approach. The results are compared with those obtained with the existing state-of-the-art methods, and the proposed technique is shown to be more general compared to previous analytical planning techniques while generating smoother trajectories than traditional rapidly exploring randomized tree (RRT) methods.
Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life in People With Back Pain: A Population-Based Pooled Study of 27,273 Adults
Authors: Alzahrani Hosam , Cheng Sonia W.M. , Shirley Debra , Mackey Martin , Stamatakis Emmanuel 
Published: December 2019

Background: To investigate the association between moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with back pain. Methods: The sample comprised adults aged 16 years and older who participated in the Welsh Health Survey (2011–2015). The HRQoL was evaluated using the 36-item short form. Participants were categorized into 4 groups based on minutes per week of MVPA: inactive (no MVPA), insufficiently active (<150 min/wk), sufficiently active (≥150 and <300 min/wk), and very active (≥300 min/wk). The authors investigated the association between MVPA and HRQoL using generalized linear models and multiple linear regression. Results: Of the 74,578 adults in the survey cohorts, 27,273 participants diagnosed with back pain were included in the analyses. Consistent direct curvilinear associations between MVPA and HRQoL were demonstrated for all 36-item short form domains (P < .001), in both the minimally and fully adjusted models, with the highest scores observed for sufficiently active and very active participants. Compared with the inactive group, those who were insufficiently active; sufficiently active; and very active had an average difference of 6.31 (95% confidence interval, 5.70–6.92), 7.72 (95% confidence interval, 7.04–8.41), and 8.00 (95% confidence interval, 7.12–8.89) points in the overall HRQoL, respectively. Conclusion: The authors found a consistent direct curvilinear association between MVPA and HRQoL.
The Effect of Total Motion Release on Functional Movement Screen Composite Scores: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Strauss Alex T. , Parr Austin J. , Desmond Daniel J. , Vargas Ashmel T. , Baker Russell T. 
Published: December 2019

Context: The Functional Movement Screen (FMS™) provides clinicians with objective criteria to assess movement patterns and overall movement quality. A relationship between low FMS™ composite scores and increased risk of injury has been reported, and researchers have begun to test the effect of interventions to improve FMS™ composite scores. Total Motion Release (TMR®), a novel active movement intervention, has been found to produce improvements in range of motion, as well as patient-reported pain and dysfunction. The effect of TMR® on movement patterns or movement quality is unknown. Objective: To assess the effect of a single treatment application of TMR® on FMS™ composite scores in participants with low baselines FMS™ composite scores. Design: Single-blind randomized controlled study. Setting: Athletic training laboratory. Participants: Twenty-four participants (12 males and 12 females) with FMS™ composite scores of 13 or lower were randomly assigned to either a treatment group or control group. The FMS™ screening procedure was completed on all participants in a pretest and posttest design. Interventions: In between FMS™ testing sessions, participants assigned to the treatment group completed the TMR® FAB 6-treatment protocol, whereas the control group participants did not receive an intervention. Following the treatment period (ie, 20 min), participants again completed the FMS™. Main Outcome Measure: FMS™ composite scores. Results: The improvement in FMS™ composite scores was significantly better (P ≤ .001, Cohen’s d = 1.69) in the TMR® group (mean change = 3.7 [2.2]) compared with the control group (mean change = 0.7 [1.2]). Conclusions: A single application of the TMR® FAB 6 protocol produced immediate acute improvements in FMS™ composite scores in a young, physically active population compared with no intervention. Clinical Relevance: Research evidence exists to suggest impaired or dysfunctional movement patterns or movement quality increases risk of injury. The FMS™ is commonly utilized to assess movement quality and risk of injury. This study provides initial evidence that the use of TMR® rapidly produces acute improvements in movement quality, as measured by the FMS™.