bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Related Factors Among Female Staff of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad City, Iran, in 2019
Authors:   Department of Public Health, School of Health, Farhangian University, Gorgan, Iran., Niazi Sedigheh , Taene Abdulghader ,   Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran., Kianmehr Mojtaba ,   Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran., Abbasnezhad Abbasali ,   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran., Matlabi Mohammad ,   Department of Public Health, School of Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Background: Vitamin D (VitD) plays a significant role in human health, survival, and fertility. It is necessary for calcium absorption and bone growth and the regulation of the immune system. This study aims to determine the prevalence of VitD deficiency and the factors affecting it in women working in the campus of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad City, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 70 women working on the campus of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences in 2019 were selected by the census method. After obtaining their consent forms, the researcher-made checklist was completed by the participants. The serum levels of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH D3) were the index for measuring VitD. The significance level is set below 0.05. Results: The Mean±SD level of VitD in the research units was 13.67±22.5 ng/mL. About 12.85% of the samples had severe deficiency (less than 10 ng/mL), 32.85% had moderate deficiency (10-20 ng/mL) and 31.42% had mild deficiency (20-30 ng/mL). The prevalence of VitD deficiency was lower in people with a history of physical activity, and those with a history of taking supplements. Also, the highest VitD deficiency was observed in the age group of older than 40 years. Conclusion: According to the results, the prevalence of VitD deficiency in the study population was high because 45.7% of the subjects had severe and moderate VitD deficiency.
The Role of Self-compassion in Predicting Loneliness and Self-efficacy in the Elderly
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Physical Education, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran., Ghezelseflo Mehdi , Mirza Mozhgan ,   Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Physical Education, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran.
Published: December 2020

Objectives: Giving the growing population of the elderly, it is important to pay attention to their psychological health. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of self-compassion in predicting loneliness and self-efficacy in the elderly. Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive correlational study. Study population consisted of all elderly residents of Gonbad Kavous County in Iran. Of these, 120 (70 women and 50 men) were selected using a convenience sampling technique. Data collection instruments were University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale of Russell et al. (1966), General Self-efficacy Scale of Scherer et al. (1982) and Self-Compassion Scale of Neff (2003). Data analysis was performed by using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results: Loneliness had a significant negative relationship with self-compassion dimensions of self-kindness, common humanity, mindfulness and its overall score, and a significant positive relationship with self-judgment, isolation and over-identification. Moreover, self-efficacy had a significant positive relationship with self-kindness, common humanity, mindfulness and overall self-compassion score, and a negative significant relationship with self-judgment, isolation and over-identification (P≤0.001). Self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness and overall self-compassion score can predict 43% of loneliness variance and self-kindness, self-judgment, mindfulness, isolation and overall self-compassion score can predict 38% of self-efficacy variance. Conclusion: Self-compassion have an effective role in reducing loneliness and increasing self-efficacy in the elderly.
Adam Żurawin – bohater o tysiącu twarzy
Authors: Haska Agnieszka 
Published: December 2020

Artykuł stanowi analizę niepublikowanych wspomnień Adama Żurawina, konfidenta gestapo i osoby kojarzonej z tzw. sprawą Hotelu Polskiego. Żurawin spisał je przed samą śmiercią; dają one rzadką okazję do przyjrzenia się osobie współpracującej z Niemcami oczami jej samej. Analiza prowadzona jest z kilku dopełniających się perspektyw; historycznej (porównanie z innymi źródłami), literaturoznawczej (poetyka dokumentu osobistego i autokreacja) oraz psychologicznej (motywacje, uczucia). Żurawin we wspomnieniach bowiem kreuje siebie jako rycerza – bohatera, który nie splamił się współpracą, a prowadził z Niemcami (a także z Polakami) grę, mającą na celu wyłącznie ratowanie własnej rodziny. Artykuł próbuje odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy tak było w istocie i jakie elementy składają się na tę autokreację
Anomalous Josephson effect
Authors: Shukrinov Yu M 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This review is devoted to one of the most relevant areas of modern condensed matter physics, the anomalous Josephson effect (AJE), which consists of the appearance of a phase shift in a hybrid structure, leading to a finite superconducting current at zero phase difference. AJE reflects the joint manifestation of superconductivity, spin-orbit interaction, and magnetism, and the study of such structures allows progress in understanding their mutual influence, while also opening up promising applications in superconducting spintronics. This review describes the physics of the φ
0 junction, the control of the magnetic properties of the barrier by means of a superconducting current, and, in turn, the effect of the magnetic moment of the barrier on the Josephson current. A discussion of new effective methods of magnetic moment reversal in the φ
0 junction, in particular, by a superconducting current pulse, as well as studies of the quantum properties of Josephson nanostructures with magnetic and topologically nontrivial barriers for the creation of new superconducting spintronic devices, is presented. The experimental realization of the φ
0 junction, which has recently been demonstrated in a number of studies by direct measurement of the current-phase relation, allows the magnitude of the spin-orbit coupling to be measured and opens up new possibilities for the phase control of Josephson devices. This research helps in understanding fundamental spin-dependent phenomena and developing applications for computer technology. In particular, control of the magnetic state by superconductivity opens up new possibilities for the development of ultrafast cryogenic memory. This review presents the results of studying the magnetic dynamics along the current–voltage characteristic of the φ
0 junction and analysis of the spin dynamics in this junction. The question of the possibility of controlling the magnetic precession by the appearance of higher harmonics in the current–phase relation, as well as the DC component of the current, which significantly increase near ferromagnetic resonance, is considered. Interesting phenomena in the φ
0 junction occur under the influence of external electromagnetic radiation. Thus, the review presents an analysis of the main theoretical and experimental work devoted to AJE, gives examples of the manifestation of AJE in various systems, indicates the prospects for research in this area, and discusses unsolved problems.
Exorcism and Justified Belief in Demons
Authors: Hunt Marcus 
Published: December 2020

The paper offers a three-premise argument that a person with first-hand experience of possession and exorcism, such as an exorcist, can have a justified belief in the existence of demons. (1) “Exorcism involves a process by which the exorcist comes to believe that testimony is offered by a demon.” Cited for (1) are the Gospels, the Roman Ritual, some modern cases of exorcism, and exorcism practices in non-Christian contexts. (2) “If defeaters are absent, the exorcist may treat as reliable the process by which he comes to believe that testimony is offered by a demon.” For (2) a case is offered that we have a reliable ability to identify when testimony is being offered and when it is being offered by particular types of agents, what is termed testifier-identification. (3) “In many cases of exorcism, defeaters are absent.” An inductive case is given for (3) by responding to possible defeaters, including several suggested recently by David Kyle Johnson. Therefore, in many cases of exorcism the exorcist may treat as reliable the processes by which he comes to believe that testimony is offered by a demon, and so can have a justified belief in the existence of demons.
Girard's Optimism
Authors: Grande Per Bjørnar 
Published: December 2020

This article contains a discussion on René Girard’s understanding of the positive sides of imitation—despite the ambivalent nature of desire. Historically speaking, the discovery of the scapegoat mechanism made a great contribution towards limiting violence. The decomposition of the scapegoat mechanism, and its power to find non-violent alternatives, has paved the way for a culture with numerous opportunities. Even if humans constantly rival one another, one must understand and define the close relationship between competition, cooperation, and rivalry. To be able to see the positive sides of mimesis, one needs to have a robust understanding of human nature as competitive and, thereby, see friendship and competition as closely related. Learning and creativity can actually become optimal when there is a high degree of competition. Fierce competition today is allowed because of the taboo against violence.
The decomposition of myth has destroyed archaic societies but, at the same time, created problems of an apocalyptic kind. Increasingly, cultures are now de- veloping without the shelter that sacrificial society previously provided. Positive human development, as is evident in the demystifying of violent myths and the increased concern for victims, cannot stem the power of global terror. Despite greater pessimism in his later works, Girard’s hope is that, through the model of Christ, people will finally learn to love their neighbours as themselves. A change of heart is to a certain degree capable to lead people towards the same kind of non-differentiated love as God.
Growth of protein crystals in high-strength hydrogels with the dialysis membrane
Authors: Sugiyama Shigeru , Kakinouchi Keisuke , Adachi Hiroaki , Nagasawa Tsugio , Kunimune Noriaki , Murata Michio , Mori Yusuke 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study focused on protein crystallization in high-strength hydrogels to expand the application of protein crystals. The results of our previous studies demonstrated several desirable merits, such as growth with a high nucleation rate and a high tolerance to solvent evaporation. However, the crystallization method faces the problem of handing protein solutions at high temperatures, which often causes the proteins to become inactivated or aggregated. This study established a new crystallization method that prevents high-temperature damage to proteins. This method offers a technique to osmose the protein from the top of a hydrogel layer and recover its crystals as the precipitant on the bottom of the hydrogel layer by using a handmade plate with a dialysis membrane. This study concentrated on the protein crystallization in hydrogels, but the results indicate that this method will be applicable to various proteins because it can always be operated at a low temperature.
Time-dependent measurement of charge density on the bottom of high aspect capillary hole in pulse-modulated VHF capacitively coupled Ar plasma
Authors: Moriyama Makoto , Nakahara Naoya , Kurihara Kazuaki , Iino Daiki , Fukumizu Hiroyuki , Suzuki Haruka , Toyoda Hirotaka 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Charging and discharging behavior of high aspect-ratio (AR) hole capillary plate (CP) exposed to a pulse-modulated very high frequency (VHF) capacitively-coupled plasma is investigated. From an equivalent circuit model, time-dependent charge density on the bottom of the CP is quantitatively evaluated. AR of the CP plays very important role for the charging current, although the discharge current is dominated by the leakage current of the CP. Importance of electron current flowing into the CP bottom during the VHF pulse-on phase is suggested at higher self-bias voltages.
APLIKASI TES BUTA WARNA DENGAN METODE FARNSWORTH MUNSELL BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Wijaya Ardi , Muntahanah Muntahanah 
Published: December 2020

Abstrak - Tes buta warna saat ini sangat dibutuhkan bagi dunia industri, pendidikan, maupun pemerintahan. Hal ini disebabkan oleh ketergantungan manusia dalam pekerjaan atau pendidikan yang erat sekali berhubungan dengan warna. Salah satu metode tes buta warna adalah metode Farnsworth Munsell. Farnsworth Munsell adalah metode untuk melihat kemampuan seseorang menyusun kecerahan warna. Tes ini dapat membedakan tipe defisiensi penglihatan warna dan mengevaluasi tingkat keparahan diskriminasi warna. Sistem operasi Android saat ini paling banyak digunakan pada smartphone dan komputer tablet. Aplikasi dibangun pada sistem berbasis Android dengan minimal versi Android 4.4.4 (Kitkat). Tujuan dan manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah ingin membangun sebuah aplikasi tes buta warna berbasis android dengan menerapkan metode Farnsworth Munsell sehingga dapat memudahkan kalangan umum dalam mendapatkan dan menggunakannya serta ini diharapkan dapat mendapatkan hasil yang cukup akurat. Dari hasil pengembangan aplikasi ini sesuai dengan perencanaan dan hasil pengujian blackbox sistem aplikasi dapat berjalan dengan baik tanpa kendala. Aplikasi dapat memproses perhitungan metode Farnsworth Munsell dan menghasilkan output yang sesuai dengan kaidah metode tersebut. Aplikasi tes buta warna menggunakan metode Farnsworth Munsell ini dapat mempermudah perhitungan skor error secara otomatis sehingga mempermudah pengguna dalam mendapatkan hasil tes.Kata kunci: Buta warna, Kelainan mata, Tes mata, Metode Farnsworth Munsell, Aplikasi Android, Sistem operasi Android
PARAGONIMUS KERBERTI N.SP. (DIGENEA, PARAGONIMIDAE), PARASITE OF CARNIVORES IN CAMEROON
Authors: Bayssade-Dufour Christiane , Chermette René , Šundić Danijela , Radujković Branko M. 
Published: December 2020

Paragonimus kerberti n.sp. (hitherto undescribed) is reported from the lungs of artificially infected cat (Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758) from Cameroon. Its description is based on the morphology of adult worms but also, on the dimension of fresh, living eggs released from experimentally infected cats (in the metraterm of mature worms, or laid by living worm), length of prepatent period and duration of eggs incubation.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TEAMGAMES TOURNAMENT (TGT) DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASILBELAJAR MATEMATIKA SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI SUKAMANDI VII
Authors: Ahmad Fauzan  , Fimi Jelly Nurahayu  
Published: December 2020

Hasil belajar matematika di SDN Sukamandi VII dari tahun ke tahun cenderung rendah.Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, yaitu salah satunya adalah aktivitas guru yang masih menggunakan pembelajaran konvesional dalam proses mengajarnya sehingga dirasa kurang efektif, menarik dan menyenangkandalam pembelajaran. Dengan adanya permasalahan tersebut, peneliti melakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prosespembelajaran dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Matematika melalui model pembelajaran kooperatif dengan tipe Team Games Tournament (TGT) yang dilakukan di Kelas IV SD Negeri Sukamandi VII pada bulan Juli sampai dengan Oktober 2019.
Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 30 orang siswa, yang diambil dengan teknik purpose sampling. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan yaitu penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Dalam penelitian ini terdapat 2 siklus, setiap siklus terdapat 3 pertemuan. Setiap pertemuan terdiri dari empat langkah, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan / observasi dan refleksi. Perbedan pada siklus I dan II terletak pada materi pembelajaran. Pada siklus I materi pembelajaran yaitu mengenai simetri bangun datar, pada siklus II materi pencerminan bangun datar.
Hasil analisis data menunjukan bahwa nilai rata-rata pretest siswa mencapai 53,33, sedangkan nilai rata-rata pada postest mencapai 67,33. Dengan demikian pembelajaran Matematika dengan model pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Team Games Tournament (TGT) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Tibetan “Barbarians” in China’s Borderlands: Changing Perspectives According to the Geographical Records in the Siku Quanshu
Authors: Ptáčková Jarmila 
Published: December 2020

China has always considered herself to be the center of the world. Those regions and populations which were not included in the Chinese territory under direct supervision of the imperial court were, depending on their distance from the court, perceived as being in a tighter or looser tributary relation to China. Tibet and its territorial relation to China is one such example and the historical sovereignty or suzerainty of China over Tibet is an omnipresent issue even in the current Sino-Tibetan context.
China expresses territorial claims over Tibet originating from the Yuan or even the Tang dynasty, while the Tibetan side argues that Tibet was an independent state until the middle of the twentieth century. There is evidence to support both claims. However, it is difficult to judge historical territorial claims from our contemporary viewpoint and current understanding of the functions and integrity of the state and its borders.
Undoubtedly, China and Tibet, as neighboring entities, experienced intense cultural, political, and religious interaction, and depending on the given political situation they would seek alliances or, more frequently, clash as enemies. An inquiry into the geographical records of the Qing dynasty collection of valuable sources, the Complete Library of the Four Treasuries (Siku quanshu), and particularly into the Qing historiographical record, the Da Qing yitong zhi, and its revised version the Jiaqing chongxiu yitong zhi, indicates that relations between China and Tibet were much more complex than presented by the two political parties nowadays, as they dependednot only on the military strength of the two parties, but also on prevailing economic needs or dominant religious trends.
A Study of Isolation and Identification of Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Wound Specimen
Authors: Muddassir Maria , Munir Sadaf , Raza Almas , Iqbal Adeel , Ahmed Muddassir , Basirat Usama , Malik Arif , Naqvi Syed Zeeshan Haider 
Published: December 2020

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a clinically important pathogenic microbe in hospitalized patients. It is a major cause of mortality and morbidity having a number of mechanisms that make it antibiotic resistant. Considering the dearth of antimicrobial drugs to treat infection with this pathogen, it has become a necessity to open up new arena for treatment with this organism. Recently, there has been an up rise in the number of multidrug resistant pathogenic strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Objective: Isolation and identification of multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa from wound specimens and to evaluate the antibiotic resistant strains of this microbe.
Methodology: One hundred and fifty clinical samples of wound were taken from hospitalized patients at Jinnah hospital Lahore during the period of October 2019 to April 2020. In total, twenty (20) isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified using the cultural features, morphological characteristics and various biochemical tests plus the Vitek 2 system. Blue/green, brown /blue and yellow/green pigment production showed the presence and growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Results: Percentage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in females came out to be 15% as compared to 11.42% in males. This was followed by testing susceptibility of isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to various antimicrobial drugs. Piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem showed the highest efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Highest resistance was exhibited against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole which was 75%.
Conclusion: Most isolates showed multidrug resistance to four or more drugs. Development of multidrug resistance has emerged as a global problem with pathogens commonly causing infections becoming increasingly resistant to antimicrobial agents.
Design of disturbance observer based on adaptive‐neural control for large‐scale time‐delay systems in the presence of actuator fault and unknown dead zone
Authors: Janbazi Vida , Hashemi Mahnaz 
Published: December 2020

SummaryThis article presents an adaptive neural compensation scheme for a class of large‐scale time delay nonlinear systems in the presence of unknown dead zone, external disturbances, and actuator faults. In this article, the quadratic Lyapunov–Krasovskii functionals are introduced to tackle the system delays. The unknown functions of the system are estimated by using radial basis function neural networks. Furthermore, a disturbance observer is developed to approximate the external disturbances. The proposed adaptive neural compensation control method is constructed by utilizing a backstepping technique. The boundedness of all the closed‐loop signals is guaranteed via Lyapunov analysis and the tracking errors are proved to converge to a small neighborhood of the origin. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach.
4D Chiral Photonic Actuators with Switchable Hyper‐Reflectivity
Authors: Zhang Pei , Zhou Guofu , de Haan Laurens T. , Schenning Albert P. H. J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) are chiral photonic materials reflecting only circularly polarized light with the same handedness as the helical polymer structure. Concurrent shape and color changes can be achieved using CLCs, but the fabrication of CLCs with switchable 3D shape, structural color, and hyper‐reflectivity, that is, reflecting both left‐ and right‐handed circularly polarized light simultaneously, has not yet been achieved. Here, CLC elastomer (CLCE) actuators are reported to reflect equal amounts of left‐ and right‐handed circularly polarized light. Hyper‐reflectivity is achieved by uniaxially stretching the partially crosslinked film to induce helix deformation which is then fully crosslinked to fix the deformed helical structure. The shape, structural color, and hyper‐reflectivity of the polymer film are switchable with temperature. At high temperatures, only right‐handed circularly polarized light is reflected and the color is redshifted. The film can be shaped in three dimensions: a structural colored 3D shaped beetle is fabricated using molding, which reflects both left‐ and right‐handed circularly polarized light and shows reversible, temperature responsive structural color and 3D shape changes. Hence, 4D engineered bioinspired multifunctional materials are fabricated, which are interesting for applications ranging from sensing actuators to switchable hyper‐reflective films and objects.