bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serological survey of Rickettsia in equids from Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo, Brazil, and their tick identification and molecular investigation of Rickettsia
Authors: Budweg Claudia Iorio , Sousa Amanda Oliveira de , Carvalho Tânia Regina Vieira de , Souza Zahi Êni Santos , Serpa Maria Carolina de Azevedo , Martins Thiago Fernandes , Nieri-Bastos Fernanda , Marcili Arlei , Labruna Marcelo Bahia , Moraes-Filho Jonas 
Published: December 2019

Brazilian spotted fever is a serious and lethal illness for humans and is caused by the Rickettsia rickettsii bacteria. In the state of São Paulo/SP (Brazil), the etiological agent of this disease is transmitted by the Amblyomma sculptum tick. It was already shown that horses infected with this bacteria produce a strong immune response and could be important sentinels for the detection of the disease in a proper region. The present investigation performed a serological survey in horses from five farms of Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo state, Brazil, searching for antibodies against, Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia parkeri, Rickettsia amblyommatis, Rickettsia rhipicephali, and Rickettsia bellii. In each farm, ticks were also collected that were taxonomically identified and examined by real-time PCR for Rickettsia spp DNA. Blood samples were collected from 206 horses, and 334 ticks were picked up from these animals from January to December 2017. Eighty ticks wereA. sculptum and 254 Dermacentor nitens. Of the blood samples, 7.3% seroconverted to Rickettsia spp. Of these, 0.97% had a positive serological response to R. bellii. None of the 80 A. sculptum ticks were positive through real-time PCR for Rickettsia spp. Although there was no detection of ticks infected by Rickettsia spp in five farms of Paraíba Valley, the horses presented serological positive reactions against this agent. Thus, further large studies should be conducted in the area targeting hosts and vectors to generate data for control measures of the transmission of Brazilian spotted fever.
Human Relaxin‐2 Fusion Protein Treatment Prevents and Reverses Isoproterenol‐Induced Hypertrophy and Fibrosis in Mouse Heart
Authors: Sun Junhui , Hao Weidong , Fillmore Natasha , Ma Hanley , Springer Danielle , Yu Zu‐Xi , Sadowska Agnieszka , Garcia Andrew , Chen Ruoyan , Muniz‐Medina Vanessa , Rosenthal Kim , Lin Jia , Kuruvilla Denison , Osbourn Jane , Karathanasis Sotirios K. , Walker Jill , Murphy Elizabeth 
Published: December 2019

Background
Heart failure is one of the leading causes of death in Western countries, and there is a need for new therapeutic approaches. Relaxin‐2 is a peptide hormone that mediates pleiotropic cardiovascular effects, including antifibrotic, angiogenic, vasodilatory, antiapoptotic, and anti‐inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo.

Methods and Results

We developed
RELAX
10, a fusion protein composed of human relaxin‐2 hormone and the Fc of a human antibody, to test the hypothesis that extended exposure of the relaxin‐2 peptide could reduce cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
RELAX
10 demonstrated the same specificity and similar in vitro activity as the relaxin‐2 peptide. The terminal half‐life of
RELAX
10 was 7 days in mouse and 3.75 days in rat after subcutaneous administration. We evaluated whether treatment with
RELAX
10 could prevent and reverse isoproterenol‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice. Isoproterenol administration in mice resulted in increased cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis compared with vehicle. Coadministration with
RELAX
10 significantly attenuated the cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis compared with untreated animals. Isoproterenol administration significantly increased transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1)–induced fibrotic signaling, which was attenuated by
RELAX
10. We found that
RELAX
10 also significantly increased protein kinase B/endothelial NO synthase signaling and protein S‐nitrosylation. In the reversal study,
RELAX
10‐treated animals showed significantly reduced cardiac hypertrophy and collagen levels.

Conclusions

These findings support a potential role for
RELAX
10 in the treatment of heart failure.
Comparison of Long‐Term Clinical Outcome Between Multivessel Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Infarct‐Related Artery–Only Revascularization for Patients With ST‐Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction With Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Lee Joo Myung , Rhee Tae‐Min , Kim Hyun Kuk , Hwang Doyeon , Lee Seung Hun , Choi Ki Hong , Kim Jihoon , Park Taek Kyu , Yang Jeong Hoon , Song Young Bin , Choi Jin‐Ho , Choi Seung‐Hyuk , Koo Bon‐Kwon , Chae Shung Chull , Cho Myeong‐Chan , Kim Chong Jin , Kim Ju Han , Kim Hyo‐Soo , Gwon Hyeon‐Cheol , Jeong Myung Ho , Hahn Joo‐Yong ,   The KAMIR Investigators
Published: December 2019

Background
Data are limited regarding long‐term outcomes in patients with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease presenting with cardiogenic shock according to revascularization strategy. We sought to compare the 3‐year clinical outcomes of patients with ST‐segment‐elevation myocardial infarction multivessel disease with cardiogenic shock and patients with multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and infarct‐related artery (IRA)–only PCI.

Methods and Results

Of 13 104 patients from the nationwide, multicenter, prospective KAMIR‐NIH (Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry––National Institutes of Health) registry, we selected 659 patients with ST‐segment‐elevation myocardial infarction who had concomitant non‐IRA stenosis and presented with cardiogenic shock. The primary outcome was all‐cause death. Multivessel PCI was performed in 260 patients and IRA‐only PCI in 399 patients. At 3 years, patients in the multivessel PCI group had a lower risk of all‐cause death (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.45–0.94 [
P
=0.024]), all‐cause death or MI (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.41–0.84 [
P
=0.004]), and non‐IRA repeat revascularization (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.10–0.50 [
P
<0.001]) than those in the IRA‐only PCI group. The results were consistent after confounder adjustment by propensity score matching and inverse probability weighting analysis. Landmark analysis at 1 year demonstrated that the multivessel PCI group had a lower risk of recurrent MI and non‐IRA repeat revascularization beyond 1 year (log‐rank
P
=0.030 and
P
=0.017, respectively) than the IRA‐only PCI group.

Conclusions
In patients with ST‐segment‐elevation myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock, multivessel PCI was associated with a lower risk of all‐cause death than IRA‐only PCI at 3 years, suggesting potential benefit of non‐IRA revascularization during the index hospitalization to improve long‐term clinical outcomes.
Contrasting Associations of Body Mass Index and Hemoglobin A1c on the Excess Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction and Heart Failure in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Edqvist Jon , Rawshani Araz , Adiels Martin , Björck Lena , Lind Marcus , Svensson Ann‐Marie , Gudbjörnsdottir Sofia , Sattar Naveed , Rosengren Annika 
Published: December 2019

Background

Body mass index (
BMI
) may be a stronger risk factor for heart failure than for coronary heart disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus, but prior studies have not been powered to investigate the relative and absolute risks for acute myocardial infarction and heart failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus by
BMI
and glycemic level combined as compared with age‐ and sex‐matched general population comparators.

Methods and Results

We identified 181 045 patients from The Swedish National Diabetes Registry, registered during 1998 to 2012 and 1538 434 general population comparators without diabetes mellitus, matched for age, sex, and county, all without prior major cardiovascular disease. Cases and comparators were followed with respect to the outcomes through linkage to the Swedish Inpatient Registry. Over a median follow‐up time of 5.7 years, there were 28 855 acute myocardial infarction and 33 060 heart failure cases among patients and comparators. Excess risk (above that of comparators in whom no data on hemoglobin A1c and
BMI
was available), incidence rates and hazard ratios for heart failure were substantially higher among the obese patients compared with those with low
BMI
, where very obese patients (
BMI
≥40 kg/m
2
) who also had poor glycemic control, suffered a 7‐fold risk of heart failure versus comparators (reference level). By contrast, for acute myocardial infarction, the highest absolute and relative risks were found among patients with poor glycemic control, with no additional risk conferred by increasing
BMI
.

Conclusions

BMI
is a strong independent risk factor for heart failure but not for acute myocardial infarction among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The taxonomy of two species of Xenophthalmidae from Maharashtra, India, and the generic placement of Xenophthalmus garthii Sankarankutty, 1969 (Decapoda, Brachyura)
Authors: Khot Mayura , Jaiswar A. K. , Ng Peter K. L. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Two species of xenophthalmid crabs are recorded from the state of Maharashtra in northwestern India. Xenophthalmus garthii Sankarankutty, 1969, originally described from northern Kerala in India, is rediscovered, and the species proves to be a member of Anomalifrons Rathbun, 1931, a genus not previously known from the Indian Ocean. The taxonomy of this species is discussed and compared with its only congener, A. lightana Rathbun, 1931, from Southeast and East Asia. Xenophthalmus wolffii Takeda & Miyake, 1970, is recorded for first time from the coast of Mumbai; the species is otherwise known from various parts of the Indian Ocean.
Effet du champ magnétique statique sur les préférences écologiques de trois isopodes terrestres (Isopoda, Oniscidea)
Authors: Béjaoui Mustapha , Khalloufi Noureddine , Mahmoudi Ezzeddine , Touaylia Samir 
Published: December 2019

Résumé
Dans ce travail, nous avons analysé les préférendums photique, thermique, hygrique et granulométrique de trois espèces d’isopodes terrestres : Armadillidium vulgare (Latreille, 1804), A. granulatum (Brandt, 1833), et Porcellio laevis Latreille, 1804 en réponse à un champ magnétique statique (CMS) (0 Hz, 200 mT). Les animaux exposés au CMS montrent une augmentation significative du nombre des spécimens photophiles et une diminution significative des animaux photophobes. Ces cloportes montrent aussi une diminution significative des spécimens préférant le froid et une augmentation significative de ceux préférant le compartiment chaud. Cette exposition au CMS cause un inversement très significatif du choix préférentiel du compartiment humide au compartiment sec chez A. vulgare et P. laevis, alors que ce changement n’est pas significatif chez A. granulatum. Cette même exposition a entrainé une nette perturbation du choix de la granulométrie du substratum, en particulier pour le gravier chez A. vulgare.
Stump's Modified Anselmianism
Authors: Johnson Adam J. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Eleonore Stump’s Atonement is a sustained and mature reflection on the doctrine by a major scholar, based on a career-long reflection upon the meaning of Christ’s death and resurrection. She attempts to rethink the doctrine, drawing on Thomas Aquinas to formulate an account of Christ’s life, passion, and death, which brings about a psychic or empathic unity between God and human beings. In this essay, I explore historical, biblical, and theological problems with her thesis that prevent it from offering a successful doctrine of the atonement according to her criteria.
War as a Backdrop for Legislation
Authors: Wu Juan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
While the story of the Magadhan king Ajātaśatru’s seeking the Buddha’s advice on attacking the Vṛjis is well known and much studied, rather less known and little studied are stories of his war or conflict with the Vṛjis embedded in Indian Buddhist monastic law codes. This paper explores these lesser-known stories of Ajātaśatru’s warfare, primarily focusing on their function as narrative frames for monastic rules or exceptions (anāpatti) that have no necessary relation to war. It investigates the rationale behind Indian Buddhist jurists’ utilization of these stories to account for monastic legislation, and discusses the perceptions of war reflected therein. Moreover, the paper shows that Indian Buddhist jurists of different sects or schools do not seem to have shared the same stance on predicting warfare, some arguably more ambivalent than others, especially when a prediction proves wrong and is thus liable to shake the laity’s faith and/or harm the mutual trust between monks themselves.
Confirmation of a Predating of the First Abbasid Masjid-i Jumʿa in Isfahan: the nahr Farsān as the mādī Fadan
Authors: Duva Federica 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The first Abbasid Masjid-i Jumʿa in Isfahan, underneath the present-day building, was brought to light by the Italian Archaeological Mission in the 1970s. An in-depth study of the unedited archaeological data obtained from the excavations has allowed the author to equate the mosque with the building described by some historical sources as having been erected close to the ancient nahr (canal) Farsān by the Abbasid governor Ayyūb ibn Ziyād in 767. This paper aims to present some new observations that support this hypothesis. In particular, extending the research to incorporate the study of the water canalization of Isfahan, mostly dated to the Safavid period, suggests the possibility that the mādī Fadan – an old branch of a canal running very close to the present-day mosque – could be identified with the nahr Farsān, thus confirming the identification of the excavated mosque with the 767 building.
Social Policy and the Dynamics of Neoliberalism: The My House, My Life Program and the Commodified Mediation of Housing
Authors: Falchetti Cristhiane 
Published: December 2019

A study of social policy under the governments of the Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party—PT) focused on the My House, My Life program shows that the recent political cycle associated with Lulism was not an inflection of neoliberalism but an adaptation of it to the context. The program is an instance of the commodification of housing in that it mobilizes public funds as an instrument of capital accumulation and intensifies the financialization of the real estate sector. Contrary to the view that associates neoliberalism with the minimal state, the state here plays a key role in the neoliberalization process, whose meaning is the commodification of all life. Um estudo de política social sob os governos do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT), focado no programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida, mostra que o recente ciclo político associado ao Lulismo não foi uma inflexão do neoliberalismo, mas uma adaptação dele ao contexto. O programa é um exemplo da mercantilização da habitação, na medida em que mobiliza recursos públicos como instrumento de acumulação de capital e intensifica a financeirização do setor imobiliário. Ao contrário da visão que associa o neoliberalismo ao estado mínimo, o estado aqui desempenha um papel fundamental no processo de neoliberalização, cujo significado é a mercantilização de toda a vida.
Lulism, Populism, and Bonapartism
Authors: Boito Armando 
Published: December 2019

Lulism is one of the most important political phenomena of twenty-first-century Brazil. It can be compared to the Varguism that dominated Brazilian politics between 1930 and 1964 in its broad popular but politically unorganized base and its policy of state intervention in the economy to stimulate economic growth, increase the state’s room for maneuver against the imperialist countries, and promote a moderate income distribution. These two variants of populism differ, however, in that Varguism was based on the working class while Lulism, which may be called “neopopulism,” is based on the marginal mass of workers and has less potential to destabilize the political process. Bonapartism, to which Lulism has also been compared, is distinct from it in that what links its leadership to its base is the fetish of the state based on order rather than the fetish based on protection. O lulismo é um dos fenômenos políticos mais importantes do Brasil do século XXI. Pode ser comparado ao varguismo que dominou a política brasileira entre 1930 e 1964 em relação à sua ampla, mas politicamente desorganizada, base popular, e sua política de intervenção estatal na economia para estimular o crescimento econômico, aumentar a margem de manobra do Estado contra os países imperialistas e promover uma distribuição de renda moderada. Essas duas variantes do populismo diferem, no entanto, no sentido de que o varguismo era baseado na classe trabalhadora, enquanto o lulismo, que pode ser chamado de “neopopulismo”, é baseado na massa marginal de trabalhadores e tem menos potencial para desestabilizar o processo político. O bonapartismo, ao qual o lulismo também foi comparado, é distinto dele, pois o que liga sua liderança à sua base é o fetiche do estado baseado na ordem, e não o fetiche baseado na proteção.
The Growth Model of the PT Governments: A Furtadian View of the Limits of Recent Brazilian Development
Authors: Rossi Pedro , Mello Guilherme , Bastos Pedro Paulo Zahluth 
Published: December 2019

Evaluation of the growth model of the PT governments based on the contributions of Celso Furtado reveals that the recent growth cycle has alleviated the typical characteristics of underdevelopment by developing a mass consumption market and improving labor market conditions. However, the limitations of the model prevented modernizing the structure of production to sustain changes on the demand side, including labor in sectors with higher productivity, limiting the control of foreign subsidiaries, and reducing the structural vulnerability inherent in specialization in basic commodities exports. The limits of the model were aggravated by the crisis of 2008–2009, revealing the difficulty of incorporating a peripheral economy like the Brazilian into global capitalism. Uma avaliação do modelo de crescimento dos governos do PT a partir da contribuição de Celso Furtado revela que o ciclo de crescimento recente amenizou características típicas do subdesenvolvimento ao desenvolver um mercado de consumo de massa no Brasil e ao melhorar as condições no mercado de trabalho. No entanto, as limitações do modelo não permitiram modernizar a estrutura produtiva de forma a sustentar as transformações do lado da demanda, incluir a mão de obra em setores de maior produtividade, limitar o controle das filiais estrangeiras, e diminuir a vulnerabilidade estrutural inerente à especialização em exportações de commodities básicas. Os limites do modelo de desenvolvimento adotado se agravaram após a crise de 2008–2009, revelando as dificuldades de inserção de uma economia periférica como a brasileira no capitalismo global.
Evaluation of Tonsillotomy Effects on Pharyngeal Volume and Compliance in Children
Authors: Al Ali Abeer , Bois Emilie , Boujemla Imene , Teissier Natacha , Van den Abbeele Thierry , Delclaux Christophe , Bokov Plamen 
Published: December 2019

Our objective was to assess whether adenotonsillotomy improved pharyngeal compliance, which is a risk factor for sleep‐disordered breathing. Otherwise healthy children underwent Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)‐18 questionnaire and a pre‐ and postoperative acoustic pharyngometry in both sitting and supine positions, allowing the measurement of the volume of the palatine tonsil region and pharyngeal compliance. Thirty‐five children (median age 5.3 years) were enrolled; they were reevaluated at a median of 18 days (25th‐75th percentiles, 15‐25) after surgery. Participants were compared according to a normal (n = 18) or an increased (n = 17) preoperative pharyngeal compliance. Surgery was associated with a significant decrease in OSA‐18 and Brodsky scores, with a median increase in palatine volume of 0.13 cm3 (25th‐75th percentiles, 0.00‐0.73). A decrease in pharyngeal compliance was observed in children with increased preoperative compliance. The variation of palatine volume after surgery was positively related to the variation of pharyngeal compliance, suggesting that obstruction relief was associated with muscle relaxation in children with normal preoperative compliance.
Banking Efficiency Determinants in India: A Two-stage Analysis
Authors: Goswami Rishabh , Hussain Farah , Kumar Manish 
Published: December 2019

This study aims at measuring the technical efficiency of banks in India and examining its determinants. Efficiency is said to be achieved if a bank is able to maximise its output subject to limited inputs. To obtain technical efficiency score, input-oriented Malmquist Data Envelopment Analysis is applied on two outputs and three input variables, based on a VRS (variable returns to scale) assumption. Three foreign banks—namely, A B Bank Ltd, Bank of Ceylon, and Citibank N A—and two Indian banks—namely, HDFC Bank and State Bank of India—are found to be most efficient during the study period. The efficiency scores when subsequently used as the dependent variable along with independent variables—bank size, capitalisation, liquidity risk, returns on assets, interest rate, credit risk, market concentration and gross domestic product (GDP)—in a panel regression analysis found the fixed effect model to be more appropriate in explaining the determinants. The results reveal that liquidity risk, returns on assets, credit risk, market concentration and GDP have a significant effect on the technical efficiency, while banks size, interest rate and level of capitalisation are found to be insignificant variables. JEL Classification: G21, C13, C60
The spectrum of response to erenumab in patients with chronic migraine and subgroup analysis of patients achieving ≥50%, ≥75%, and 100% response
Authors: Brandes Jan Lewis , Diener Hans-Christoph , Dolezil David , Freeman Marshall C , McAllister Peter J , Winner Paul , Klatt Jan , Cheng Sunfa , Zhang Feng , Wen Shihua , Ritter Shannon , Lenz Robert A , Mikol Daniel D 
Published: December 2019

Objective To assess the efficacy of erenumab across the spectrum of response thresholds (≥50%, ≥75%, 100%) based on monthly migraine days (MMD) reduction in patients with chronic migraine from a 12-week, randomized study (NCT02066415). Methods Patients (n = 667) received (3:2:2) placebo or erenumab 70/140 mg once-monthly. The proportion of patients achieving a given response threshold was assessed. A post-hoc analysis was conducted to contextualize the actual treatment benefit in subgroups of patients achieving (or not) specified response thresholds. Outcome measures included MMD, acute migraine-specific medication treatment days (MSMD) and disability. Results The proportion of patients responding to erenumab exceeded that of placebo at the ≥50% and ≥75% response thresholds. At month 3, 39.9% and 41.2% of patients on erenumab 70 and 140 mg, respectively, achieved ≥50% response versus placebo (23.5%). Similarly, at month 3, 17.0% and 20.9% of patients on erenumab 70 and 140 mg, respectively, achieved ≥75% response versus placebo (7.8%). Compared with the overall erenumab-treated population (change in MMD: −6.6 [both 70 and 140 mg]), ≥50% responders showed MMD reductions of −12.2/−12.5 for 70 mg/140 mg versus −2.6/−2.2 for those not achieving ≥50% response. ≥75% responders showed MMD reductions of −13.9/−14.8 for 70 mg/140 mg versus −5.0/−4.3 for those not achieving ≥75% response. Relative improvements in MSMD and disability were observed in responders versus overall erenumab-treated population. Conclusion For erenumab-treated patients achieving ≥50% response, the actual reduction in MMD was almost twice that of the overall population. These findings provide context for setting realistic expectations regarding actual treatment benefit experienced by patients responding to treatment.