bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The pedagogy of a prison and community music programme: Spaces for conflict and safety
Authors: Henley Jennie , Parks Jude 
Published: April 2020

Using theoretical concepts taken from the field of human geography to analyse the conflictual elements within music programmes, this paper presents new empirical research that unpacks the complex pedagogy employed by community musicians with the aim of beginning to address two recent criticisms of community music scholarship: a) community musicians only report positive outcomes and b) community musicians are not interested in scholarly analyses of their work.
We begin with a review of literature presenting positive findings and discuss the methodological challenges of community music research. We introduce the key geographical concepts used to analyse the empirical data. After a presentation and discussion of facilitation pedagogy, we finish by suggesting that understanding the work of the community musician through geographical concepts provides a new way to analyse and theorize how a community music facilitator works, thus acknowledging the conflictual element of such work that is often tacit in research.
Adaptation, translation and indeterminacy in Michelangelo Antonioni’s Blow-Up: Towards a third space of representation
Authors: Besnard-Scott Laurence 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Michelangelo Antonioni’s films are rarely associated with translation and adaptation. Yet, his work consistently explores the very essence of images, their ambiguous relation to reality and the deceptive nature of perception. It is a cinema of uncertainty par excellence, thus of translation; at least, a conception of translation (and adaptation) that does not solely rely on principles of faithfulness, transparency and systematic semiotics. This article thus proposes to look at one of Antonioni’s most compelling films, Blow-Up, through the prism of indeterminacy. Drawing upon Gilles Deleuze’s time-image to present the film as a hermeneutic event that opens up a third space of representation, this article examines the indeterminacy at the heart of Blow-Up on two levels. As a film adaptation, it first considers how Antonioni visually translates the indeterminacy of Julio Cortázar’s short story. This preliminary reading then leads to a sustained attempt at exploring Blow-Up’s filmic landscape, with the view to show how the indeterminacy running through Antonioni’s aesthetics becomes itself a form of translation.
Getting in touch with our inner sadistic, bloodthirsty child: Adapting Game of Thrones for the adult colouring book market
Authors: Mizsei-Ward Rachel 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Adult colouring books have become a permanent fixture in shops across the globe. These books began as a way of marketing illustrators’ work but have expanded to become part of the media franchising industry. This article will explore the two licensed colouring books created for Game of Thrones and the news media response to them. This response is varied, with much criticism of this kind of licensed product which appears to exist as potentially unimaginative Christmas presents. It will explore how these colouring books act as both an adaptation and how they are an important part of the modern media franchising industry. This kind of product is considered as an important way to keep licensed properties in the public eye, particularly when they are in between television seasons. When it comes to Game of Thrones colouring books there are a number of common themes in news media, such as the idea that colouring such images is not a route to mindfulness, and that these books act as a substitute for the ‘real thing’.
The ‘insectuous’ brothers: Karel Čapek’s and Jan Švankmajer’s avantgardism(s) and the limits of humanism
Authors: Vichnar David 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Jan Švankmajer’s recent Insect (Hmyz, 2018) is a work of film adaptation which functions as both an homage to Karel (and Josef) Čapek’s problematic avant-gardism and critique of some of the Čapek brothers’ own compromises during the production of their play, From the Life of the Insects (Ze života hmyzu, 1922). In the light of Švankmajer’s homage and critique, the article revisits Čapek’s avant-gardism and seeks to recuperate some of the more radical, and easily overlooked, aspects in Čapek’s work in the early 1920s. It goes on to discuss Švankmajer’s own career of multiple film adaptations, before concluding with a critical evaluation of his latest (and arguably last) Čapek-inspired film, read within the context of Švankmajer’s liberational cinematic project.
Establishing the 99th percentile of a novel assay for high-sensitivity troponin I in a healthy blood donor population
Authors: Odsæter Ingrid Hov , Grenne Bjørnar , Hov Gunhild Garmo , Laugsand Lars Erik , Wiseth Rune , Mikkelsen Gustav 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
The recommended cut-off of cardiac troponin (cTn) for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the 99th percentile in a healthy reference population. We aimed to determine the 99th percentile of the novel ADVIA Centaur® High Sensitivity Troponin I assay (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics) in fresh lithium heparin plasma samples from healthy blood donors.

Methods
A total of 1000 apparently healthy blood donors were included. High-sensitivity (hs) cTnI, hs-cTnT, creatinine and N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were measured in fresh lithium heparin plasma samples, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-blood. The 99th percentile was estimated for the whole population, as well as for males and females separately.

Results
For the total population the 99th percentile of ADVIA Centaur® High Sensitivity Troponin I was 96 (65–149) ng/L. The estimated value differed significantly from results published by others and was highly dependent on which values were considered statistical outliers.

Conclusions
The estimated 99th percentile for hs-cTnI in the population studied differed significantly from previously published results. There is a need for further specifications regarding how subjects used for estimating the 99th percentile of cTns in healthy populations should be recruited and how outlier values should be identified, as this can highly influence the diagnostic cut-off applied for AMI.
Evaluation of a novel extended automated particle-based multi-analyte assay for the detection of autoantibodies in the diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Villalta Danilo , Seaman Andrea , Tiongson Marychel , Warren Charles , Bentow Chelsea , Bizzaro Nicola , Alessio Maria Grazia , Porcelli Brunetta , Norman Gary L. , Mahler Michael 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background
Anti-mitochondrial autoantibodies (AMA) detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on rodent tissues are the diagnostic marker of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). However, up to 15% of patients with PBC are AMA-negative by IIF. In the effort to close the serological gap and improve the diagnostic sensitivity of PBC testing, recently, novel autoantibodies specific for PBC, such as kelch-like 12 (KLHL12, KLp epitope) and hexokinase 1 (HK1) have been described. In this study, we evaluated the autoantibody profile in a large cohort of PBC patients and in patients with other liver disease, including anti-HK1 and anti-KLp autoantibodies.

Methods
Sera of 194 PBC patients (126 AMA-IIF-positive and 68 AMA-IIF-negative) and 138 disease controls were tested for a panel of PBC-specific antibodies (MIT3, sp100, gp210, HK1, KLp) using a new automated particle-based multi-analyte technology (PMAT) assay on the Aptiva instrument (Inova).

Results
Selecting a cutoff yielding a specificity of >95% for all the markers, the sensitivity for anti-MIT3, anti-sp100, anti-gp210, anti-HK1 and anti-KLp in the PBC AMA-IIF-negative cohort was 20.6%, 16.2%, 23.5%, 22.0%, 17.6 and 13.2%, respectively. Six out of the 68 (8.8%) AMA-IIF negative sera were positive for anti-HK1 or anti-KLp alone. Using these new markers in addition to anti-MIT3, anti-sp100 and anti-gp210, the overall sensitivity in this cohort of AMA-IIF-negative patients increased from 53% to 61.8%, reducing the serological gap in AMA-negative PBC patients.

Conclusions
PBC antibody profiling, made possible by the new Aptiva-PMAT technology, allows recognition of a higher number of AMA-negative PBC patients than conventional immunoassays and may represent a useful tool to evaluate the prognostic significance of autoantibody association in PBC patients.
On Kähler-like and G-Kähler-like almost Hermitian manifolds
Authors: Kawamura Masaya 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe introduce Kähler-like, G-Kähler-like metrics on almost Hermitian manifolds. We prove that a compact Kähler-like and G-Kähler-like almost Hermitian manifold equipped with an almost balanced metric is Kähler. We also show that if a Kähler-like and G-Kähler-like almost Hermitian manifold satisfies B_{\bar i\bar j}^\lambda B_{\lambda j}^i \ge 0, then the metric is almost balanced and the almost complex structure is integrable, which means that the metric is balanced. We investigate a G-Kähler-like almost Hermitian manifold under some assumptions.
Modeling the Short-Term Dynamics ofin VivoExcitatory Spike Transmission
Authors: Ghanbari Abed , Ren Naixin , Keine Christian , Stoelzel Carl , Englitz Bernhard , Swadlow Harvey A. , Stevenson Ian H. 
Published: April 2020

Information transmission in neural networks is influenced by both short-term synaptic plasticity (STP) as well as nonsynaptic factors, such as after-hyperpolarization currents and changes in excitability. Although these effects have been widely characterizedin vitrousing intracellular recordings, how they interactin vivois unclear. Here, we develop a statistical model of the short-term dynamics of spike transmission that aims to disentangle the contributions of synaptic and nonsynaptic effects based only on observed presynaptic and postsynaptic spiking. The model includes a dynamic functional connection with short-term plasticity as well as effects due to the recent history of postsynaptic spiking and slow changes in postsynaptic excitability. Using paired spike recordings, we find that the model accurately describes the short-term dynamics ofin vivospike transmission at a diverse set of identified and putative excitatory synapses, including a pair of connected neurons within thalamus in mouse, a thalamocortical connection in a female rabbit, and an auditory brainstem synapse in a female gerbil. We illustrate the utility of this modeling approach by showing how the spike transmission patterns captured by the model may be sufficient to account for stimulus-dependent differences in spike transmission in the auditory brainstem (endbulb of Held). Finally, we apply this model to large-scale multielectrode recordings to illustrate how such an approach has the potential to reveal cell type-specific differences in spike transmissionin vivo. Although STP parameters estimated from ongoing presynaptic and postsynaptic spiking are highly uncertain, our results are partially consistent with previous intracellular observations in these synapses.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlthough synaptic dynamics have been extensively studied and modeled using intracellular recordings of postsynaptic currents and potentials, inferring synaptic effects from extracellular spiking is challenging. Whether or not a synaptic current contributes to postsynaptic spiking depends not only on the amplitude of the current, but also on many other factors, including the activity of other, typically unobserved, synapses, the overall excitability of the postsynaptic neuron, and how recently the postsynaptic neuron has spiked. Here, we developed a model that, using only observations of presynaptic and postsynaptic spiking, aims to describe the dynamics ofin vivospike transmission by modeling both short-term synaptic plasticity (STP) and nonsynaptic effects. This approach may provide a novel description of fast, structured changes in spike transmission.
DrosophilaMiddle-Term Memory: Amnesiac is Required for PKA Activation in the Mushroom Bodies, a Function Modulated by Neprilysin 1
Authors: Turrel Oriane , Rabah Yasmine , Plaçais Pierre-Yves , Goguel Valérie , Preat Thomas 
Published: April 2020

InDrosophila, the mushroom bodies (MB) constitute the central brain structure for olfactory associative memory. As in mammals, the cAMP/PKA pathway plays a key role in memory formation. In the MB, Rutabaga (Rut) adenylate cyclase acts as a coincidence detector during associative conditioning to integrate calcium influx resulting from acetylcholine stimulation and G-protein activation resulting from dopaminergic stimulation.Amnesiacencodes a secreted neuropeptide required in the MB for two phases of aversive olfactory memory. Previous sequence analysis has revealed strong homology with the mammalian pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP). Here, we examined whetheramnesiacis involved in cAMP/PKA dynamics in response to dopamine and acetylcholine co-stimulation in living flies. Experiments were conducted with both sexes, or with either sex. Our data show thatamnesiacis necessary for the PKA activation process that results from coincidence detection in the MB. Since PACAP peptide is cleaved by the human membrane neprilysin hNEP, we searched for an interaction between Amnesiac and Neprilysin 1 (Nep1), a fly neprilysin involved in memory. We show that when Nep1 expression is acutely knocked down in adult MB, memory deficits displayed byamnhypomorphic mutants are rescued. Consistently, Nep1 inhibition also restores normal PKA activation inamnmutant flies. Taken together, the results suggest that Nep1 targets Amnesiac degradation to terminate its signaling function. Our work thus highlights a key role for Amnesiac in establishing within the MB the PKA dynamics that sustain middle-term memory (MTM) formation, a function modulated by Nep1.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTheDrosophila amnesiacgene encodes a secreted neuropeptide whose expression is required for specific memory phases in the mushroom bodies (MB), the olfactory memory center. Here, we show that Amnesiac is required for PKA activation resulting from coincidence detection, a mechanism by which the MB integrate two spatially distinct stimuli to encode associative memory. Furthermore, our results uncover a functional relationship between Amnesiac and Neprilysin 1 (Nep1), a membrane peptidase involved in memory and expressed in the MB. These results suggest that Nep1 modulates Amnesiac levels. We propose that on conditioning, Amnesiac release from the MB allows, via an autocrine process, the sustaining of PKA activation-mediating memory, which subsequently is inactivated by Nep1 degradation.
Pharmacokinetics of palmatine in rat after oral and intravenous administration by UPLC-MS/MS
Authors: Li Jianbo , Hu Yujie , Wu Yajin , Feng Tiantian , Wen Congcong , Jiang Xiajuan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPalmatine is a compound with good water solubility extracted from Coptis chinensis, Fibraurea recisa Pierre, Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis. Palmatine has good antibacterial activity and mainly used for the treatment of bacterial dysentery, gynecological inflammation, surgical infection, and conjunctivitis. It has anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, and cognitive-enhancing activities. In this study, we used UPLC-MS/MS to determinate palmatine in rat plasma, and investigated its pharmacokinetics. Coptisine was utilized as an internal standard (IS), and acetonitrile precipitation method was used to process the plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a UPLC BEH C18 column using mobile phase of acetonitrile- 0.1% formic acid with gradient elution. Electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with positive ionization was applied. The results indicated that within the range of 1–500 ng/mL, linearity of palmatine in rat plasma was acceptable (r > 0.995), and the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1 ng/mL. Intra-day and inter-day precision RSD of palmatine in rat plasma were less than 14%. Accuracy range was between 93.7 and 107.1%, and matrix effect was between 101.6 and 109.4%. The method was successfully applied in the pharmacokinetics of palmatine in rats after oral and intravenous administration. The absolute bioavailability of the palmatine was 15.5% in rats.
Determination of hexachlorophene in cosmetics by capillary electrophoresis compared with high performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Li Xiaobin , Gao Fangfang , Liu Huitao , Gao Yuan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA simple capillary electrophoresis (CE) method with ultraviolet (UV) detection was developed for the determination of hexachlorophene (HCP) in cosmetics. Separation conditions were obtained in 20 mM Na2B4O7, 10% MeOH (pH 9.20), with 25 kV applied voltage and UV detection at 208 nm. Under the selected conditions, electrophoretic analysis was completed in about 4 min, with limit of detection (LOD) of 0.06 µg·mL−1 for HCP. The method was successfully applied to determine HCP in three kinds of cosmetics with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 0.52–3.02% and recoveries from 90.0 to 96.4% for the spiked samples. The results indicated that the proposed method was reliable. Comparative experiments were also carried out with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV method described in National Standards of People's Republic of China. The validation results of the two methods are comparable, but the proposed CE method is simple, rapid, which makes separation and analyte quantification in shorter time with much less reagent consumption.
An eco-friendly micellar HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of triamterene and xipamide in active pharmaceutical ingredients and marketed tablet dosage form
Authors: Ayad Magda M. , Hosny Mervat M. , Ibrahim Adel Ehab , El-Abassy Omar M. , Belal Fathalla F. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the last few years, the use of surfactants as mobile phase additives in reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) has been steadily developing and improving. Surfactants modify the polarity of the stationary phase which in turn decreases the amount of organic solvent required for elution of the analytes rendering the methodologies linked to them greener and more eco-friendly. Brij-35 is a fatty alcohol ethoxylates non ionic surfactant, which is less widely used as mobile phase additive. Brij-35 can decrease stationary phase polarity while remaining neutral. In this research, Brij-35 was studied in the separation and determination of marketed antihypertensive combination therapy composed of triamterene (TRM) and xipamide (XIP). TRM and XIP are diuretics used for treatment of essential hypertension and associated edema conditions. Chromatographic separation was achieved on RP-C18 column (Kinetix®, 5 µm, 15 cm × 4.6 mm) at flow rate 1  mL  min−1 and UV-detection at 254 nm. Isocratic elution was performed using mobile phase composed of 0.1 M Brij-35: methanol (MeOH) (60:40, v/v). The analytes were well separated and quantified within linearity ranges of 5–50 µg mL−1 for both drugs in short retention time (2.6 and 5.3 min. for TRM and XIP, respectively). Since claiming greenness is not enough, Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) was used to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method over the previously reported methods. GAPI is a new metric for evaluation of the ecological impact of analytical procedures. The proposed method was validated according to ICH guidelines and applied successfully for simultaneous determination of the drugs in their co-formulated tablets.
A three-dimensional dual-scale coupled approach and its application in geotechnics
Authors: Li Yuqi , Yang Zhaoyu , Lu Ye , Hu Zaile , Wang Changhong , Zhang Wenjie 
Published: April 2020

To study the microscopic and macroscopic behaviour of geotechnical engineering materials, attention is increasingly being paid to the dual-scale coupled computation of continuum and discrete models. However, two-dimensional dual-scale coupling cannot reveal the actual behaviour of materials. Therefore, a three-dimensional dual-scale coupled approach to accomplish the information transmission between discrete-element model and finite-difference model was deduced, and a corresponding coupled program was developed. The point of application of the resultant force on the interface in the discrete-element model was sought by introducing the principle of least squares, and the element nodal forces at the interface in the continuum model were obtained based on the formulation of load transfer from the literature. The velocities acting on the interface in the discrete-element model were calculated by bilinear interpolation according to the nodal velocities of the interface in the continuum model, which achieved the velocity transmission from the continuous zone to the discrete-element zone. The coupling was accomplished through the velocity and force transmissions at the interface between discrete-element model and finite-difference model. Finally, the algorithm and program were validated through an example of dynamic compaction.
Prevalencia de uso de citología vaginal y de lesiones premalignas y malignas del cérvix entre las mujeres del área demostrativa Carmen, Bucaramanga, Colombia
Authors: Uribe-Pérez Claudia Janeth , Díaz-Martínez Luis Alfonso , Ortiz-Serrano Ricardo , Meza-Durán Erika Eliana 
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: Establecer la prevalencia de lesiones premalignas y malignas entre las mujeres que viven en el área demostrativa de la iniciativa CARMEN de Bucaramanga, Colombia.Metodología: Estudio trasversal de 8.015 mujeres seleccionadas al azar. Las pacientes con citología anormal fueron estudiadas y tratadas de manera individualizada según un protocolo que incluía colposcopia, biopsia o conización. Se hizo correlación histopatológica con las variables sociodemográficas y la historia sexual y reproductiva.Resultados: 8.071 mujeres contestaron la encuesta, pero solo 2.698 tenía una citología reciente (34,9%; IC 95% 17,2%-29,8%); 1.660 actualizaron su citología. 2,2% de estas fueron positivas, siendo más alta entre las mujeres que viven con otras mujeres adultas. La prevalencia de lesiones premalignas y malignas del cuello uterino fue 1,1% (IC 95% 0,8%-1,4%). Las mujeres con lesiones cervicales premalignas o malignas eran más jóvenes, habían iniciado relaciones sexuales más temprano y habían tenido más compañeros sexuales que las mujeres sanas.Conclusiones: La prevalencia de lesiones cervicales premalignas y malignas es superior a la que se informa en otras partes del mundo, mientras que la cobertura de citología cérvicovaginal es muy baja. Es necesario intensificar las actividades que buscan la detección temprana de cáncer cervical.