bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gα3 subunit Thga3 positively regulates conidiation, mycoparasitism, chitinase activity, and hydrophobicity of Trichoderma harzianum
Authors: Ding Jie , Mei Jie , Huang Pei , Tian Ying , Liang Yao , Jiang Xiliang , Li Mei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractHeterotrimeric G-proteins are key elements of signal transduction pathways, which participate in regulating multiple biological processes in fungi including growth, conidiation, antagonism, and mycoparasitism. Among G protein subunits, Gα3 showed diverse regulatory functions in different fungi. In this study, we cloned a Gα3 subunit coding gene thga3 from T. harzianum Th33 that can antagonize Rhizoctonia solani and some other plant pathogenic fungi. A thga3 deletion strain Δthga3 was generated using the double-crossover homologous recombination strategy, and Rthga3 was generated by transforming thga3-expressing vector into the protoplasts of Δthga3 by the PEG/CaCl2-mediated method. The biological characteristics of wild-type Th33, Δthga3 and Rthga3 were evaluated. Compared with wild-type Th33, Δthga3 showed 15%, 94%, and 23% decrease in hyphal growth, conidia yield, and chitinase activity, respectively, and Δthga3 showed lower antagonistic and mycoparasitism abilities, while there were no significant differences between wild-type Th33 and Rthga3. The hyphal surface hydrophobicity of Δthga3 significantly decreased compared with those of the wild-type Th33 and Rthga3. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that transcript abundance of the hydrophobin gene (tha_09745) of Δthga3 decreased by 80% compared with that of wild-type Th33 and Rthga3. The results showed that thga3 positively regulates the growth, conidiation, hydrophobicity, chitinase activities, and mycoparasitism of Th33 towards R. solani. We hence deduced that the expression level of Tha_09745 is correlated to the hyphal hydrophobicity of Th33 and therefore affects the other biological characteristics of Th33. The findings of this report provide a foundation for elucidating the G-protein signal regulatory mechanisms of fungi.
A Bayesian nonparametric approach to option pricing
Authors: Qin Zhang , Almeida Caio 
Published: December 2020

Accurately modeling the implied volatility surface is of great importance to option pricing, trading and hedging. In this paper, we investigate the use of a Bayesian nonparametric approach to fit and forecast the implied volatility surface with observed market data. More specifically, we explore Gaussian Processes with different kernel functions characterizing general covariance functions. We also obtain posterior distributions of the implied volatility and build confidence intervals for the predictions to assess potential model uncertainty. We apply our approach to market data on the S&P 500 index option market in 2018, analyzing 322,983 options. Our results suggest that the Bayesian approach is a powerful alternative to existing parametric pricing models
Does cricoid pressure have a detrimental impact on laryngoscopy and intubation?
Authors: Dunkerley William 
Published: December 2020

Background: Cricoid pressure is used in anaesthetic practice to prevent regurgitation during anaesthetic induction; it is also used by some paramedics. However, it may have a detrimental impact upon laryngoscopy and intubation. Paramedics need to remove barriers to safe and prompt intubation of critically unwell patients. Aim: To determine if cricoid pressure has a detrimental effect on laryngoscopy and intubation. Methods: The PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were searched with a time frame filter between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2018 and screened, leaving seven studies. Findings: Cricoid pressure is detrimental to laryngoscopy and intubation success rates for patients in the care of experienced providers in environments more optimal than those in which paramedics practise. One study produced statistically significant results; when cricoid pressure was applied, median intubation time was longer (27 seconds versus 24 seconds; p<0.001) and incidence of Cormack and Lehane grade III and intravenous views were doubled (10% versus 5%; p<0.001). Other studies were inconclusive. Conclusion: Cricoid pressure makes intubation more difficult, which may lead to higher rates of failed intubation and adverse events, especially when carried out by less proficient clinicians such as paramedics. Further pragmatic research is needed to test this hypothesis.
Practitioner experiences in epidemics and pandemics in relation to COVID-19
Authors: Hogan Chloe , Williams Julia , Rees Nigel 
Published: December 2020

Background:COVID-19 has been declared an international emergency by the World Health Organization. Despite personal concerns, frontline health professionals, such as paramedics, nurses and doctors, continue to treat patients. Ensuring these workers' mental wellbeing is supported during these stressful times is key to their maintaining good mental health in the longer term.Aim:To conduct a review of the literature exploring practitioners' attitudes during a pandemic.Methods:A scoping literature review was conducted to assess information on health professionals' attitudes during COVID-19 and previous pandemics, and to identify their main concerns and whether these were addressed. PubMed, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched and PRISMA guidelines were followed. Titles and abstracts were screened and emergent themes were identified and discussed.Results:141 articles were screened; 15 articles were sourced through Google Scholar and reference lists. There were 18 articles in the final sample. There was a lack of published data on COVID-19 at the time of writing. Themes include that health professionals' mental health may be affected during a pandemic. Their biggest concerns are infecting family members and overcoming personal anxieties to continue treating patients. Key themes in protecting staff mental health during a pandemic include increasing their understanding of how to protect themselves and their families, better confidence in personal protective equipment and good managerial communication.Conclusions:Practitioners experience heightened stress levels during pandemics, which may affect their mental health. This has implications for workforce resilience. More research is needed on frontline staff attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic to protect their mental health.
Exploration of African-American Counselor-in-Training Group Core Skills: Importance and Confidence Level
Authors: Scott Levette S. , Mansaray Mahmud , Barrow Jennifer C. , Sawyer-Kurian Kyla Marie , Wasik Suzan Z. , Ghekier Elizabeth 
Published: December 2020

<p style="text-align:justify">This study explored through applied statistics the importance and confidence levels of African American counselors-in-training core group counseling skills while at the same determining the difference among their colleagues of different ethnic backgrounds. The purpose of this study was to assess core group counseling skills while at the same determining the difference among their colleagues of differing ethnic backgrounds. Participants were sixty-eight counselors-in-training enrolled in a Group Counseling Course in the spring of 2015 and fall of 2016. Of the sixty-eight participants 38 (55.88%) African Americans and 27 (39.71%) White/Caucasian had an opportunity to complete the Core Group Work Skills Inventory - Importance and Confidence (CGWSI-IC) as an extra credit assignment pre- and post their group counseling facilitation experience. Results suggest African American participants had confidence in determining their effectiveness as group members or leaders. A significant difference and a very large effect between pre-test and post-test of African American counselor-in-training importance level of the individual behavioral items in the CGWSI-IC items were seen. Implications for specific training for African Americans in group counseling for core group counseling skills should be examined.</p>
A deep learning backcasting approach to the electrolyte, metabolite, and acid-base parameters that predict risk in ICU patients
Authors: Dervishi Albion 
Published: December 2020

Background
A powerful risk model allows clinicians, at the bedside, to ensure the early identification of and decision-making for patients showing signs of developing physiological instability during treatment. The aim of this study was to enhance the identification of patients at risk for deterioration through an accurate model using electrolyte, metabolite, and acid-base parameters near the end of patients’ intensive care unit (ICU) stays.

Methods
This retrospective study included 5157 adult patients during the last 72 hours of their ICU stays. The patients from the MIMIC-III database who had serum lactate, pH, bicarbonate, potassium, calcium, glucose, chloride, and sodium values available, along with the times at which those data were recorded, were selected. Survivor data from the last 24 hours before discharge and four sets of nonsurvivor data from 48–72, 24–48, 8–24, and 0–8 hours before death were analyzed. Deep learning (DL), random forest (RF) and generalized linear model (GLM) analyses were applied for model construction and compared in terms of performance according to the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). A DL backcasting approach was used to assess predictors of death vs. discharge up to 72 hours in advance.

Results
The DL, RF and GLM models achieved the highest performance for nonsurvivors 0–8 hours before death versus survivors compared with nonsurvivors 8–24, 24–48 and 48–72 hours before death versus survivors. The DL assessment outperformed the RF and GLM assessments and achieved discrimination, with an AUC of 0.982, specificity of 0.947, and sensitivity of 0.935. The DL backcasting approach achieved discrimination with an AUC of 0.898 compared with the DL native model of nonsurvivors from 8–24 hours before death versus survivors with an AUC of 0.894. The DL backcasting approach achieved discrimination with an AUC of 0.871 compared with the DL native model of nonsurvivors from 48–72 hours before death versus survivors with an AUC of 0.846.

Conclusions
The DL backcasting approach could be used to simultaneously monitor changes in the electrolyte, metabolite, and acid-base parameters of patients who develop physiological instability during ICU treatment and predict the risk of death over a period of hours to days.
Lung-protective properties of expiratory flow-initiated pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Hirabayashi Go , Saito Minami , Terayama Sachiko , Akihisa Yuki , Maruyama Koichi , Andoh Tomio 
Published: December 2020

Background
Expiratory flow-initiated pressure-controlled inverse ratio ventilation (EF-initiated PC-IRV) reduces physiological dead space. We hypothesised that EF-initiated PC-IRV would be lung protective compared with volume-controlled ventilation (VCV).

Methods
Twenty-eight men undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy were enrolled in this randomised controlled trial. The EF-initiated PC-IRV group (n = 14) used pressure-controlled ventilation with the volume guaranteed mode. The inspiratory to expiratory (I:E) ratio was individually adjusted by observing the expiratory flow-time wave. The VCV group (n = 14) used the volume control mode with a 1:2 I:E ratio. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare differences in the serum cytokine levels.

Results
There were no significant differences in serum IL-6 between the EF-initiated PC-IRV (median 34 pg ml-1 (IQR 20.5 to 63.5)) and VCV (31 pg ml-1 (24.5 to 59)) groups (P = 0.84). The physiological dead space rate (physiological dead space/expired tidal volume) was significantly reduced in the EF-initiated PC-IRV group as compared with that in the VCV group (0.31 ± 0.06 vs 0.4 ± 0.07; P<0.001). The physiological dead space rate was negatively correlated with the forced vital capacity (% predicted) in the VCV group (r = -0.85, P<0.001), but not in the EF-initiated PC-IRV group (r = 0.15, P = 0.62). Two patients in the VCV group had permissive hypercapnia with low forced vital capacity (% predicted).

Conclusions
There were no differences in the lung-protective properties between the two ventilatory strategies. However, EF-initiated PC-IRV reduced physiological dead space rate; thus, it may be useful for reducing the ventilatory volume that is necessary to maintain normocapnia in patients with low forced vital capacity (% predicted) during robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.
The Influence of Charismatic Church Development on Religious Christians Life in the City of Semarang 1970-2015
Authors: Asmara Oni Andhi , Susilowati Endang , Supriyono Agustinus 
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the development of the Charismatic church on the Christians life in Semarang City in 1970-2015 using historical methods and using social religion approach. Since its inception in 1970, the Charismatic church in the city of Semarang has had a major influence on the Christian life in the city. A series of innovations in worship and evangelism that are adapted to the times have made the Charismatic church much in demand by Christians in big cities, one of them is Semarang. Christian interest in the Charismatic church can be seen from the development of the number of Charismatic churches in the city of Semarang. One of the Charismatic churches that is experiencing rapid development is JKI Injil Kerajaan. In the beginning, there were 25 people in the congregations. One decade later it reached 3,557 people and continued to increase to 13,324 people on the next decade. This rapid development has brought significant changes to the Christians life in the city of Semarang. It can be seen, among others, from the increasing number of churches that are full of Charismatic churches at worship services. But on the other hand, the presence of Charismatic church with a new pattern of worship caused less harmonious relationship between non-Charismatic churches and charismatic churches as the result of the high increasing number of original church people who moved to the Charismatic church. It is because Christians in Semarang are mostly more interested in taking worship in the Charismatic church.
[RETRACTED] Conflict in Private Land: The Role of “Yellow Journalism” in the Turmoil of Batu Ceper, Tangerang 1934
Authors: Noor Muhamad Mulki Mulyadi , Zuhdi Susanto 
Published: December 2020

RETRACTION NOTICE to the article entitled "Conflict in Private Land: The Role of “Yellow Journalism” in the Turmoil of Batu Ceper, Tangerang 1934" by M. Mulki Mulyadi Noor and Susanto Zuhdi which had been published at IHiS (Indonesian Historical Studies), Vol. 4 No. 2 (2020). This article has been retracted. Concern has been raised about the authorship dispute between the first author (corresponding author) and co-author, which is contrary to the journal policy according to COPE.As such this article represents a conflict of interest among the author. The scientific community takes a very strong view on this matter and apologies are offered to readers of the journal that this was not detected during the submission process.
Effect of Fermented used rice as a functional feed on biochemical and haematological parameters, microbial population, internal organ weight and performance of broilers
Authors: Yudiarti T. , Widiastuti E. , Wahyuni H. I. , Pramono Y. B. 
Published: December 2020

The study aimed to evaluate effect of the used rice fermented using Chrysonillia crassa as a functional feed on biochemical and haematological parameters, microbial populations, internal organ weight and performance of broilers. The study used one hundred and fifty unsexed one-day-old chicks with average body weight of 48.30 ± 4.13g. At day 1 to 7, the chicks were given commercial feed. On day 8 onward, the chickens were randomized distributed to one of three experimental diets of 50 chicks each. The chicks were given formulated diet containing fermented used rice based-functional feed (FF). Drinking water was provided ad libitum. The study used completely randomized design with three experimental diets : T0 (diet without FF), T1 (diet contained 5% FF), and T2 (diet contained 10% FF). The chicken fed the used rice fermented increased in cholesterol, high density lipoprotein status, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, lactic acid bacteria, heart weight. and decreased in mean corpuscular volume, E.coli, jejunum weight, but no affect on body weight gain, feed convertion ratio and feed comsumption. In conclusion that the fermented used rice improved the physiological conditions,intestinal bacterial population and had no detrimental effect on performance of broiler.
The effect of probiotic nutrition of Saccharomyces boulardii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on yield, antioxidant activity and expression of interleukin-6 gene in Holstein calves
Authors: Sabooni S. , Chamani M. , Sadeghi A. A. , Amin-Afshar M. , Kashan N. E. J. 
Published: December 2020

An experiment was performed to investigate the probiotic effect of Saccharomyces boulardii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on yield, antioxidant activity, and expression of interleukin-6 gene in Holstein calves. Sixteen calves were divided into 4 dietary treatments with 4 calves/treatment. Experimental treatment diets include 1) control (without probiotic use), 2) milk soluble probiotics based on S. boulardii (1 g/kg), 3) milk soluble probiotics based on S. cerevisiae (1 g/kg) and 4) A mixture of yeast probiotics S. boulardii and S. cerevisiae as a solution in dairy milk (1 g/kg each). The completely randomized design was used in this experiment. The results showed that feeding S. boulardii and S. cerevisiae did not have a significant effect on performance traits compared with control. There was no significant difference between the different treatments for the number of antioxidant enzymes compared to the controls. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the treatments used probiotics were higher than the control. The expression of interleukin-6 gene expression was increased significantly (P<0.05) for treatments 3 and 4 on Days 10, 30 and 60 compared to the control. In conclusion, addition of probiotics did not alter performance traits of antioxidant activity, but the S. cerevisaetreatment did increase interleukin-6 gene expression which suggests an effect on the immune system.
¿Ser o no ser? La sharía en el siglo XXI
Authors: Gómez García Luz , Ortega Rafael 
Published: December 2020

Este monográfico recoge varios trabajos presentados en el congreso “La Sharía en el siglo XXI. Retos, actores, escenarios”, organizado por la Cátedra de Civilización Islámica y Renovación del Pensamiento Religioso de la Fundación Euroárabe de Altos Estudios y el proyecto de I+D+i “Representaciones del islam en el Mediterráneo glocal: cartografía e historia conceptuales-REISCONCEP”. Es fruto de una reflexión conjunta de especialistas árabes y europeos sobre la importancia de la sharía en el islam contemporáneo, en la historia política y social de los países árabes e islámicos y entre las minorías musulmanas en Europa. Los diferentes estudios engloban desde el análisis y evolución del término “sharía”, a su uso y abuso por parte de movimientos políticos como el salafismo, la posición que ha tenido, y mantiene, en los debates reformistas desde el siglo XIX hasta hoy en día o la descripción del concepto y su aplicación y performatividad en las sociedades contemporáneas, con una especial atención a las sociedades occidentales con presencia de minorías musulmanas, concretamente en los debates públicos en Reino Unido y en España. Este monográfico quiere ser una contribución académica a las controversias que en ocasiones traspasan este ámbito, se generalizan en los medios y se entremezclan con sentimientos y emociones.
Costa Rica sin Fronteras #22
Authors: Aragón-Vargas Luis Fernando 
Published: December 2020

En esta sección se publican los resúmenes de artículos que han sido publicados por investigadoras/es de universidades costarricenses en otras revistas en el mundo, con su debida referencia al trabajo original, y con una breve explicación de dónde se realizó la investigación. Los artículos originales han sido publicados en otros idiomas; las revistas tienen consejo editorial y manejan un proceso de revisión por pares.

Los resúmenes corresponden a estudios relacionados con las ciencias del ejercicio y la salud, que se conforman a los criterios generales de la revista, esto es, se trata de “... estudios experimentales o que hagan recomendaciones concretas para solucionar problemas o preguntas relevantes (...) trabajos originales o de meta-análisis.” Solicitamos a quienes hayan publicado este tipo de trabajos en otros idiomas que no los hagan saber, para incluir sus resúmenes en futuras entregas de esta sección.
Espacios de trabajo geométrico personal de profesores de matemáticas en formación
Authors: Cervantes-Barraza Jonathan , Berrío-Valbuena Jesús , Contreras-Vásquez María , Martínez-Fontalvo Vanessa 
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Caracterizar los espacios de trabajo geométricos personales de profesores en formación en el contexto de problemas que involucran la articulación entre la geometría sintética y analítica. Método: Se llevó a cabo de la mano de la teoría de los paradigmas y los espacios de trabajo geométricos desarrollados por Alain Kuzniak y Houdement. El trabajo de investigación se desarrolló con un enfoque cualitativo y fundamentado en una estrategia investigativa clínica, se empleó un análisis a priori y a posteriori como metodología de investigación y una muestra de cuatro docentes de matemáticas en formación de una universidad pública del norte de Colombia. Resultados: Se evidenciaron carencias existentes de técnicas tanto sintéticas como analíticas al momento de desarrollar la situación problema, lo cual condujo a la desarticulación entre las geometrías sintéticas y analíticas. Discusiones y Conclusiones: El problema propuesto promovió la utilización de estrategias en donde se puede abordar de manera eficaz la geometría sintética como vía exploratoria de las definiciones de geometría analítica.
Crecimiento y dispersión poblacional mediante análisis SIG en el Distrito de la Banda de Shilcayo, San Martín (2007-2017)
Authors: SÁNCHEZ-VELÁSQUEZ ROSSANY , RÍOS-BARTRA JHON 
Published: December 2020

Cuando hablamos de crecimiento poblacional, nos referimos al cambio en la numeración, distribución y composición de la población en un determinado lugar, estos cambios pueden ser originadas por factores biológicos como la natalidad y mortalidad o factores sociales como las migraciones. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el crecimiento y la dispersión de la población del distrito de la Banda de Shilcayo (San Martín – Perú) entre los años 2007 y 2017. Para determinar el crecimiento poblacional se recopiló datos censales de los años 2007 y 2017, y para la dispersión se realizó un análisis SIG mediante el uso de imágenes satelitales Landsat 5 TM y Landsat 7 ETM, aplicando la técnica de clasificación supervisada. Como resultado, la población del 2007 fue de 29 111 habitantes y este aumentó a 43 481 habitantes para el 2017, con una tasa de crecimiento de 0.49. En la dispersión poblacional la categoría expansión urbana se muestra que para el año 2007 obtuvo un área era de 658 ha y para el año 2017 el área fue de 963 ha. Se concluyó que existe una relación directa entre el crecimiento y la dispersión poblacional, debido a que el aumento de la población demanda de mayor espacio para desarrollar la vida social, política y económica.