bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR155‐5p in adventitial fibroblasts‐derived extracellular vesicles inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via suppressing angiotensin‐converting enzyme expression
Authors: Ren Xing‐Sheng , Tong Ying , Qiu Yun , Ye Chao , Wu Nan , Xiong Xiao‐Qing , Wang Jue‐Jin , Han Ying , Zhou Ye‐Bo , Zhang Feng , Sun Hai‐Jian , Gao Xing‐Ya , Chen Qi , Li Yue‐Hua , Kang Yu‐Ming , Zhu Guo‐Qing 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTProliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays crucial roles in vascular remodelling and stiffening in hypertension. Vascular adventitial fibroblasts are a key regulator of vascular wall function and structure. This study is designed to investigate the roles of adventitial fibroblasts‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in VSMC proliferation and vascular remodelling in normotensive Wistar‐Kyoto rat (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), an animal model of human essential hypertension. EVs were isolated from aortic adventitial fibroblasts of WKY (WKY‐EVs) and SHR (SHR‐EVs). Compared with WKY‐EVs, miR155‐5p content was reduced, while angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) content was increased in SHR‐EVs. WKY‐EVs inhibited VSMC proliferation of SHR, which was prevented by miR155‐5p inhibitor. SHR‐EVs promoted VSMC proliferation of both strains, which was enhanced by miR155‐5p inhibitor, but abolished by captopril or losartan. Dual luciferase reporter assay showed that ACE was a target gene of miR155‐5p. MiR155‐5p mimic or overexpression inhibited VSMC proliferation and ACE upregulation of SHR. WKY‐EVs reduced ACE mRNA and protein expressions while SHR‐EVs only increased ACE protein level in VSMCs of both strains. However, the SHR‐EVs‐derived from the ACE knockdown‐treated adventitial fibroblasts lost the roles in promoting VSMC proliferation and ACE upregulation. Systemic miR155‐5p overexpression reduced vascular ACE, angiotensin II and proliferating cell nuclear antigen levels, and attenuated hypertension and vascular remodelling in SHR. Repetitive intravenous injection of SHR‐EVs increased blood pressure and vascular ACE contents, and promoted vascular remodelling in both strains, while WKY‐EVs reduced vascular ACE contents and attenuated hypertension and vascular remodelling in SHR. We concluded that WKY‐EVs‐mediated miR155‐5p transfer attenuates VSMC proliferation and vascular remodelling in SHR via suppressing ACE expression, while SHR‐EVs‐mediated ACE transfer promotes VSMC proliferation and vascular remodelling.
‘Not safe for discharge’? Words, values, and person-centred care
Authors: Hyslop Brent 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The phrase ‘not safe for discharge home’ is often heard in relation to an older person in hospital, commonly due to functional limitations or risk of falls. But it remains unclear how such a standard of safety should be set in this context, or who should set it. In addition, labelling someone ‘unsafe’ to return to their own home has significant practical and ethical implications. After briefly exploring these issues, this Commentary suggests that a holistic approach and shared decision-making is required in this setting. Instead of simply declaring someone safe or unsafe for discharge home, specific ‘safety concerns’ (or ‘hazards’) should be identified and addressed as able. Ongoing specific concerns can then be discussed in conjunction with a patient’s values and perceived benefits of returning home, in comparison with potential pros and cons of other discharge options. Overall, this paper suggests that paying attention to our words and values can enhance discharge planning and person-centred care.
Missing data reporting in clinical pharmacy research
Authors: Narayan Sujita W , Yu Ho Kar , Penm Jonathan , Mintzes Barbara , Mirzaei Ardalan , Schneider Carl , Patanwala Asad E 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to document the ways by which missing data were handled in clinical pharmacy research to provide an insight into the amount of attention paid to the importance of missing data in this field of research.

Methods
Our cross-sectional descriptive report evaluated 10 journals affiliated with pharmacy organizations in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies published in 2018 were included. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of studies that reported the handling of missing data in their methods or results.

Results
A total of 178 studies were included in the analysis. Of these, 19.7% (n = 35) mentioned missing data either in their methods (3.4%, n = 6), results (15.2%, n = 27), or in both sections (1.1%, n = 2). Only 4.5% (n = 8) of the studies mentioned how they handled missing data, the most common method being multiple imputation (n = 3), followed by indicator (n = 2), complete case analysis (n = 2), and simple imputation (n = 1). One study using multiple imputation and both studies using an indicator method also combined other strategies to account for missing data. One study only used complete case analysis for subgroup analysis, and the other study only used this method if a specific baseline variable was missing.

Conclusions
Very few studies in clinical pharmacy literature report any handling of missing data. This has the potential to lead to biased results. We advocate that researchers should report how missing data were handled to increase the transparency of findings and minimize bias.
Quilting Sutures in Rhytidectomy: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Ballan Anthony , Jabbour Samer , El Rayess Youssef , Jabbour Khalil , El Hachem Lena , Nasr Marwan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Different technical variations exist for the utilization of quilting sutures (QS) in rhytidectomy. No systematic review or meta-analysis of the studies describing the use of QS in facelifts has been published to date to the authors’ knowledge.

Objectives
The objective of this study was to summarize all the published data regarding the utilization of QS in rhytidectomy, compare QS techniques, and evaluate their effect on postoperative complications.

Methods
On April 1, 2019, a systematic search of the Medline, Embase, and Cochrane databases was conducted. All the studies describing the usage of QS in facelifts were included in this review. Studies reporting hematoma rate in a QS group and a control group were included in the meta-analysis part of this study.

Results
The initial search of the databases yielded 93 results. Four trials were included in the systematic review and 2 were included in the meta-analysis. The total number of included patients with QS was 527. Two studies employed internal QS and the remaining studies utilized external QS. The meta-analysis found a lower rate of hematoma in the QS group (relative risk, 0.02; 95% confidence interval = 0.00-0.13; P &lt; 0.0001).

Conclusions
QS can be applied either internally or externally and are very effective in reducing hematomas after facelifts. QS could be a great asset in facelifts but should be utilized with caution because additional work is needed to confirm their safety and efficacy.

Level of Evidence: 2
Genetic merit for fertility alters the bovine uterine luminal fluid proteome†
Authors: Gegenfurtner Katrin , Fröhlich Thomas , Flenkenthaler Florian , Kösters Miwako , Fritz Sébastien , Desnoës Olivier , Le Bourhis Daniel , Salvetti Pascal , Sandra Olivier , Charpigny Gilles , Mermillod Pascal , Lonergan Patrick , Wolf Eckhard , Arnold Georg J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Over the last decades, fertility of dairy cows has declined due to selection strategies focusing on milk yield. To study the effect of genetic merit for fertility on the proteome of the bovine uterine luminal fluid, Holstein heifers with low- and two groups of heifers with high-fertility index (high-fertility Holstein and Montbéliarde) were investigated. To focus on the maternal effect, heifers from all groups were synchronized and received on Day 7 high-quality embryos. Uterine luminal fluid from Day 19 pregnant heifers was analyzed in a holistic proteomic approach using nano-LC-MS/MS analysis combined with a label-free quantification approach. In total, 1737 proteins were identified, of which 597 differed significantly in abundance between the three groups. The vast majority of proteome differences was found comparing both high-fertility groups to the low-fertility Holstein group, showing that the genetic predisposition for fertility is prevalent regarding the uterine luminal fluid proteome. Evaluation of this dataset using bioinformatic tools revealed an assignment of higher abundant proteins in low-fertility Holstein to several metabolic processes, such as vitamin metabolic process, which comprises folate receptor alpha (FOLR1) and retinol-binding protein, indicating an involvement of disturbed metabolic processes in decreased fertility. Moreover, immune system-related proteins — lactotransferrin and chromogranin A — were enriched in low-fertility cows together with interferon tau 3 h and interferon tau-2. Our results indicate that the genetic merit for fertility leads to substantial quantitative differences at the level of proteins in uterine fluid of pregnant animals, thus altering the microenvironment for the early conceptus.
Developing the Emergency Department Elder Mistreatment Assessment Tool for Social Workers Using a Modified Delphi Technique
Authors: Elman Alyssa , Rosselli Sarah , Burnes David , Clark Sunday , Stern Michael E , LoFaso Veronica M , Mulcare Mary R , Breckman Risa , Rosen Tony 
Published: December 2019

AbstractElder mistreatment is common and has serious consequences. The emergency department (ED) may provide a unique opportunity to detect this mistreatment, with social workers often asked to take the lead in assessment and intervention. Despite this, social workers may feel ill-equipped to conduct assessments for potential mistreatment, due in part to a lack of education and training. As a result, the authors created the Emergency Department Elder Mistreatment Assessment Tool for Social Workers (ED-EMATS) using a multiphase, modified Delphi technique with a national group of experts. This tool consists of both an initial and comprehensive component, with 11 and 17 items, respectively. To our knowledge, this represents the first elder abuse assessment tool for social workers designed specifically for use in the ED. The hope is that the ED-EMATS will increase the confidence of ED social workers in assessing for elder mistreatment and help ensure standardization between professionals.
Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Invasive Haemophilus influenzae Serotype a Infections in Utah Children
Authors: Crandall Hillary , Christiansen Jennifer , Varghese Alyssa A , Russon Adam , Korgenski E Kent , Bengtson Erika K , Dickey Mandy , Killpack Jarrett , Knackstedt Elizabeth D , Daly Judy A , Ampofo Krow , Pavia Andrew T , Blaschke Anne J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background
Following widespread use of the Haemophilus influenzae serotype b (Hib) vaccine, H. influenzae serotype a (Hia) has emerged as an important pathogen in children in some regions. We describe the clinical features and molecular epidemiology of invasive Hia disease in children in Utah over an 11-year period.

Methods
We identified cases of invasive Hia disease, defined as detection of Hia from a normally sterile site, in children aged &lt;18 years from Utah between 2007 and 2017. Medical records were reviewed to determine demographic characteristics and clinical outcomes. Available Hia isolates were genotyped using multilocus sequence typing, and phylogenetic division was determined using sodC polymerase chain reaction. Presence of the putative virulence-associated IS1016-bexA duplication-deletion was evaluated.

Results
We identified 51 children with invasive Hia. The average annual incidence was 1.7 cases per 100 000 children aged &lt;5 years; 4.8 cases per 100 000 children aged &lt;1 year. The median age was 11.3 months. The most common clinical presentation was meningitis (53%), followed by pneumonia (14%) and septic arthritis (14%). Twenty-two children (43%) required admission to an intensive care unit; 1 died. Sequence type (ST) 62, phylogenetic division II isolates caused 75% (21/28) of disease. No isolates contained the virulence-associated IS1016-bexA duplication-deletion.

Conclusions
Hia is a significant cause of severe invasive bacterial infection in Utah. The majority of infections were caused by ST62 isolates, a phylogenetic division II Hia type that lacks the IS1016-bexA duplication-deletion. Hia ST62 has not been commonly reported elsewhere, suggesting a unique molecular epidemiology in our population.
Moraxella lacunata Subacute Osteomyelitis in a Child
Authors: Mehmeti Fortesa , Cochard Blaise , Cuérel Céline , De Coulon Geraldo , Dayer Romain , Steiger Christina , Ceroni Dimitri 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Moraxella lacunata is a rare coccobacillus associated with eye and upper respiratory tract infections. It may also have an affinity for bone and joint tissue. We report on 1 case of subacute osteomyelitis of the patella due to M. lacunata that presented as an osteolytic bone lesion in a child.
A novel approach to the computation of one-loop three- and four-point functions. III. The infrared divergent case
Authors: Guillet J Ph. , Pilon E , Shimizu Y , Zidi M S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This article is the third and last of a series presenting an alternative method for computing the one-loop scalar integrals. It extends the results of the first two articles to the infrared divergent case. This novel method enjoys a couple of interesting features as compared with the methods found in the literature. It directly proceeds in terms of the quantities driving algebraic reduction methods. It yields a simple decision tree based on the vanishing of internal masses and one-pinched kinematic matrices, which avoids a profusion of cases. Lastly, it extends to kinematics more general than the physical, e.g. collider processes, relevant at one loop. This last feature may be useful when considering the application of this method beyond one loop using generalized one-loop integrals as building blocks.
Plumericin prevents intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Rapa Shara F. , Waltenberger Birgit , Di Paola Rosanna , Adesso Simona , Siracusa Rosalba , Peritore Alessio F. , D'Amico Ramona , Autore Giuseppina , Cuzzocrea Salvatore , Stuppner Hermann , Marzocco Stefania 
Published: December 2019

AbstractInflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by an inflammatory and oxidative stress condition in the intestinal tissue. In this study, we evaluated the effect of plumericin, one of the main bioactive components of Himatanthus sucuuba (Woodson) bark, on intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress, both in vitro and in vivo. The effect of plumericin (0.5‐2 µM) in vitro was evaluated in rat intestinal epithelial cells (IEC‐6) treated with lipopolysaccharides from E. coli (10 μg/mL) plus interferon‐γ (10 U/mL). Moreover, a 2,4,6‐dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)‐induced colitis model was used to evaluate the anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activity of plumericin (3 mg/kg) in vivo. The results showed that plumericin significantly reduces intestinal inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor‐α, cyclooxygenase‐2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and nitrotyrosine formation. Plumericin also inhibited nuclear factor‐κB translocation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, and inflammasome activation. Moreover, plumericin activated the nuclear factor erythroid‐derived 2 pathway in IEC‐6. Using the DNBS‐induced colitis model, a significant reduction in the weight loss and in the development of the macroscopic and histologic signs of colon injury, together with a reduced inflammatory and oxidative stress state, were observed in plumericin‐treated mice. These results indicate that plumericin exerts a strong anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Thus, it might be a candidate for the development of a new pharmacologic approach for IBDs treatment.
Pulmonary Delivery of Metoprolol Reduces Ventricular Rate During Atrial Fibrillation and Accelerates Conversion to Sinus Rhythm
Authors: Marum Alexandre A. , Araujo Silva Bruna , Bortolotto Alexandre L. , Pedreira Giovanna C. , Tessarolo Silva Fernanda , Medeiros Sofia A. , Nearing Bruce D. , Belardinelli Luiz , Verrier Richard L. 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Safe, effective pulmonary delivery of cardioactive agents in humans is under development.

Objectives:
We examined whether intratracheal delivery of metoprolol can reduce ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation (AF) and accelerate conversion to sinus rhythm.

Methods:
In 7 closed-chest, anesthetized Yorkshire pigs, AF was induced by intrapericardial infusion of acetylcholine (1 mL of 102.5-mM solution) followed by atrial burst pacing and was allowed to continue for 2 minutes before intratracheal instillation of sterile water or metoprolol (0.2-mg/kg bolus) using a catheter positioned at the bifurcation of the main bronchi. High-resolution electrograms were obtained from catheters fluoroscopically positioned in the right atrium and left ventricle.

Results:
Rapid intratracheal instillation of metoprolol caused a 32-beat/min reduction in ventricular rate during AF (from 272 ± 13.7 to 240 ± 12.6 beats/min, P = 0.008) and a 2.3-minute reduction in AF duration (from 10.3 ± 2.0 to 8.0 ± 1.4 minutes, P = 0.018) compared with sterile water control. Conversion of AF to sinus rhythm was associated with rapid restoration (5–6 minutes) of heart rate and arterial blood pressure toward control values. Intratracheal metoprolol reduced AF dominant frequency by 31% (from 8.7 ± 0.9 to 6.0 ± 1.1 Hz, P = 0.04) compared with control and resulted in a trend toward a 5% increase in PR interval (from 174 ± 11.2 to 182 ± 11.4 ms, P = 0.07).

Conclusions:
Intratracheal delivery of metoprolol effectively reduces ventricular rate during AF and accelerates conversion to normal sinus rhythm in a pig model of acetylcholine-induced AF.
Cefazolin Monotherapy Versus Cefazolin Plus Aminoglycosides for Antimicrobial Prophylaxis of Type III Open Fractures
Authors: Patanwala Asad E. , Radosevich John J. , Meshay Ian , Naderi Mandana , Culver Mark A. , Lee Yong G. , Weinberg Jordan A. , Khobrani Moteb , Nix David E. 
Published: December 2019

Background:
There are conflicting recommendations between organizations regarding aminoglycoside use for the prophylaxis of type III open fractures.

Study Question:
To compare cefazolin monotherapy versus cefazolin plus aminoglycoside therapy for prophylaxis of type III open fractures in trauma patients.

Study Design:
This was a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study conducted in 3 academic medical centers in the United States. Consecutive adult trauma patients with type III open fractures between January 2014 and September 2016 were included. Patients were divided into 2 groups: (1) cefazolin monotherapy versus (2) cefazolin plus aminoglycoside.

Measures and Outcomes:
The primary outcome measure was the occurrence of infection at the open fracture site. The secondary outcome measure was the occurrence of acute kidney injury.

Results:
There were 134 patients included in the study cohort. Of these, 39 received cefazolin monotherapy and 95 received cefazolin plus aminoglycoside. Overall, the mean age was 39 ± 15 years, 105 (78%) were male, and the most common fracture location was tibia/fibula (n = 74, 56%). Infection at the open fracture site occurred in 6 of 39 patients (15%) in the cefazolin monotherapy group and 15 of 95 patients (16%) in the cefazolin plus aminoglycoside group (P = 1.000). Acute kidney injury occurred in 0 of 39 (0%) in the cefazolin monotherapy group and 1 of 95 (1%) in the cefazolin plus aminoglycoside group (P = 1.000).

Conclusions:
Cefazolin monotherapy may be appropriate for antimicrobial prophylaxis of type III open fractures in trauma patients.
The Impact of Celiac Disease on Caregivers’ Well‐being
Authors: Satherley Rose‐Marie , Coburn Shayna S. , Germone Monique 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTObjectives:A diagnosis of celiac disease (CD) requires individuals to adopt a strict gluten‐free diet. As children with CD must rely on their caregivers for guidance and support with managing the gluten‐free diet, CD may challenge the caregiver's emotional and social well‐being. The primary objective of this mixed‐methods systematic review was to synthesize research investigating the impact of CD on caregiver's well‐being.Methods:Five databases were systematically searched from 1990 to 2018 to identify all empirical studies that assessed well‐being in caregivers of children (0–18 years) with CD. Qualitative and quantitative data were extracted separately before being integrated to explore key themes across the studies.Results:Twelve studies were identified that explored the well‐being of caregivers of children with CD (3 qualitative, 9 quantitative), reporting on 665 caregivers. The quality of evidence was limited across studies. Synthesis of results revealed 3 themes (Caregiver Responsibility, Caregiver Well‐Being and Concern for Child's Health, Implications for the Family) describing the impact of a child with CD on caregiver well‐being.Conclusions:Caregivers of children with CD may experience difficulties that impact their well‐being; specific difficulties identified included the impact of caregivers’ social activities, finances, and anxiety. The findings detailed in this review point toward factors that may guide health care personnel to provide support for the caregivers of children with CD.
Drugs in Focus
Authors: Pienar Corina , Benninga Marc A. , Broekaert Ilse J. , Dolinsek Jernej , Mas Emmanuel , Miele Erasmo , Orel Rok , Ribes‐Koninckx Carmen , Thomassen Rut‐Anne , Thomson Mike , Tzivinikos Christos , Thapar Nikhil 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTAcute diarrhoea is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the paediatric population. Racecadotril is an antisecretory drug recommended as an adjuvant antidiarrhoeal treatment.In the small bowel, the enzyme neutral endopeptidase (NEP) inhibits the action of enkephalins, which prevent water and electrolyte hypersecretion. By inhibiting NEP, racecadotril allows enkephalins to exhibit their antisecretory effects. Consequently, racecadotril reduces the secretion of water and electrolytes in the small intestine, without having an effect on intestinal motility. No serious adverse events related to racecadotril have been reported.Racecadotril has proven its efficacy as an adjuvant antidiarrhoeal drug with a good safety profile. Its addition to oral rehydration solution (ORS) appears clinically beneficial and potentially leads to health care savings.