bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proactive preparedness for Cat Que virus
Authors: Shete Anita , Yadav Pragya D. , Gokhale Mangesh , Jain Rajlaxmi , Pardeshi Prachi , Majumdar Triparna , Mourya Devendra T. 
Published: July 2020

Background & objectives:
The presence of Cat Que virus (CQV) in Culex mosquitoes and pigs has been reported in China and Vietnam. Due to the spread of similar species of the Culex mosquitoes in India, there is a need to understand the replication kinetics of this virus in mosquito models. As a part of preparedness and to identify the presence of this CQV in humans and swine, this study was carried out to develop diagnostic tests.

Methods:
Serological and molecular diagnostic assays were developed for testing the mosquito population, human and swine serum samples. In this line, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L), glycoprotein (M) and nucleocapsid (S) genes-based reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays were developed for CQV. Real-time RT-PCR was used for screening of retrospectively collected human serum samples (n=1020) with acute febrile illness during 2014-2017. Simultaneously, an in-house anti-CQV swine and human IgG ELISAs were also developed to detect anti-CQV IgG antibody. Human serum samples (n=883) with post-onset of disease (POD) >4 days and swine serum samples (n=459) were tested for the presence of anti-CQV IgG antibodies. CQV NIV 612,045 isolate was used for susceptibility and replication kinetics experiment using three different species of mosquitoes to understand its behaviour in Indian mosquitoes.

Results:
All human serum samples (n=1020) screened for the presence of CQV using real-time RT-PCR were found to be negative. Anti-CQV IgG antibody positivity was recorded in two of 883 human serum samples tested. Virus susceptibility experiments indicated that three species of mosquito, namely Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus supported multiplication of CQV by intrathoracic as well as artificial membrane/oral feeding routes.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Anti-CQV IgG antibody positivity in human serum samples tested and the replication capability of CQV in mosquitoes indicated a possible disease causing potential of CQV in Indian scenario. Screening of more human and swine serum samples using these assays is required as a proactive measure for understanding the prevalence of this neglected tropical virus.
Distribution of carbapenemase genes in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii & a comparison of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry-based detection of carbapenemase production with other phenotypic methods
Authors: Sharma Megha , Singhal Lipika , Gautam Vikas , Ray Pallab 
Published: July 2020

Background & objectives:
Carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) poses a continuous threat to the current antimicrobial era with its alarming spread in critical care settings. The present study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic potential of phenotypic methods for carbapenemase [carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D β-lactamases (CHDLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs)] production, by comparing with molecular detection of genes.

Methods:
One hundred and fifty clinical CRAB isolates collected between August 2013 and January 2014 were studied. Multiplex PCR was performed to identify the carbapenemases produced (class D bla
OXA-51, bla
OXA-23, bla
OXA-48,
bla
OXA-58; class B bla
VIM, bla
NDM-1, bla
IMP; class A bla
KPC). Each isolate was evaluated for carbapenemase production by studying the pattern of imipenem hydrolysis using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS).

Results:
The most commonly encountered carbapenemase genes were bla
OXA-51 (100%), bla
OXA-23 (98%), bla
VIM (49.3%), bla
NDM-1 (18.7%) and bla
OXA-58 (2%). MALDI-TOF MS was able to detect 30.6 per cent carbapenemases within three hours (P=0.001 for MBL and P>0.05 for CHDL) and 65.3 per cent within six hours (P=0.001 for MBL and P>0.05 for CHDL).

Interpretation & conclusions:
MALDI-TOF MS reliably detected carbapenemase activity within a short span of time, thus helping in tailoring patient therapy. MALDI-TOF MS, once optimized, can prove to be a useful tool for timely detection of carbapenemase production by A. baumannii and consequently in directing appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
A survey of clinical practices among oncologists regarding hepatitis B screening in patients with cancer
Authors: Sundaram Sridhar , Patil Prachi , Sengar Manju , Rathod Raosaheb , Mehta Shaesta 
Published: July 2020

Background & objectives:
Screening for hepatitis B prior to the initiation of chemotherapy in patients with cancer is recommended by all major hepatology and oncology societies. This study was aimed to determine the screening practices for hepatitis B among oncologists from India and their experience with hepatitis B reactivation.

Methods:
A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among oncologists attending the Evidence-Based Medicine Conference at Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India. The questionnaire was developed in keeping with the recent guidelines for hepatitis B reactivation on chemotherapy, with questions regarding demographics, years in practice and hepatitis B screening practices and management. There was 78 per cent response rate to the questionnaire.

Results:
Most respondents were <35 yr of age (69%), with <five years of experience (39%), practicing in an academic institution (81%). Seventy four per cent respondents always screened their patients with cancer for hepatitis prior to chemotherapy, whereas 19 per cent in special settings and seven per cent never screened; 96 per cent respondents used hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) as a screening test, while 17 per cent also used antibody to hepatitis B core antigen. Sixty one per cent respondents used entecavir or tenofovir for prophylaxis; 70 per cent continued prophylaxis till 6-12 months after completion of chemotherapy, while 21 per cent continued only till the end of chemotherapy.

Interpretation & conclusions:
More than 25 per cent of the oncologists were not screening their patients with cancer for viral hepatitis prior to cancer-directed therapy, and only 17 per cent of the oncologists used the recommended tests for screening. Better training of oncologists regarding viral hepatitis screening and management is needed.
Role of LRRK2 variant p.Gly2019Ser in patients with Parkinsonism
Authors: Sadhukhan Dipanwita , Biswas Arindam , Bhaduri Arunima , Sarkar Neelanjana , Biswas Atanu , Das Shyamal K. , Banerjee Tapas K. , Ray Kunal , Ray Jharna 
Published: July 2020

Background & objectives:
Parkinsonian disorder, including Parkinson's disease (PD), is an aetiologically complex neurodegenerative disorder. Mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) gene have been implicated in an autosomal dominant form of PD with variable penetrance. The identification of a common LRRK2 variant (p.Gly2019Ser) in dementia with Lewy bodies indicated its potential role in Parkinsonian disorder. The current study was aimed to identify the p.Gly2019Ser variant in Indian patients with Parkinsonian disorder.

Methods:
The patient group consisting of 412 classical PD patients, 107 PD patients with cognitive impairment, 107 patients with Parkinson plus syndrome and 200 unrelated controls were recruited from eastern part of India. The allele representing p.Gly2019Ser variant was screened by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.

Results:
The p.Gly2019Ser variant was identified in an East Indian young-onset female PD patient in a heterozygous state having several motor and autonomic problems without disturbed cognition. Her younger brother, sister and elder son harbouring the same mutation were asymptomatic carriers for the variant. However, the influence of DNM3 on decreased disease onset in this family was not clear.

Interpretation & conclusions:
Identification of the p.Gly2019Ser variant in only one patient among a large number of Indian patients (n=626) with Parkinsonian disorder in our study suggests a limited role of the LRRK2 variant towards disease pathogenesis.
Comparison of efficacy of potassium titanyl phosphate laser & diode laser in the management of inferior turbinate hypertrophy
Authors: Ravichandran Subhashini Puducherry , Ramasamy Karthikeyan , Parida Pradipta Kumar , Alexander Arun , Ganesan Sivaraman , Saxena Sunil Kumar 
Published: July 2020

Background & objectives:
Inferior turbinate hypertrophy (ITH) is a common condition causing nasal obstruction. This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser and diode laser in the reduction of the turbinate size.

Methods:
This randomized controlled trial included 209 patients with ITH. Pre-operative symptoms were assessed based on the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) score. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy was done to rule out other nasal sinuses. Nasal mucociliary clearance was measured by saccharin transit time (STT). Postoperatively, the NOSE score, STT and complications were assessed at days one and two, at one week, one month and three months.

Results:
Of the 209 patients analyzed at day one, the median NOSE score was 50 in the diode group and 40 in the KTP group, and at three months, 15 in the diode group and five in the KTP group. KTP laser showed a 93 per cent improvement in the NOSE score as compared to 77 per cent improvement shown by diode laser group. Among the intra-operative complications, of the 104 patients in the diode group, 6.73 per cent had burning sensation and 91.43 per cent had bleeding, and of 105 patients in the KTP group, 54.29 per cent had burning sensation and 36.54 per cent had bleeding. Among the post-operative complications in the KTP group, 32 and 34 per cent had bloody nasal discharge on days one and two, compared to 12 and 14 per cent in diode group. Crusting was present in 61 and 49 per cent on days one and two in KTP group as compared to 9 and 15 per cent in diode group, respectively. In the KTP group 30 per cent had synechiae as compared to 10 per cent in diode group.

Interpretation & conclusions:
KTP laser was more efficacious than diode laser in improving the NOSE scores but with slightly increased rate of complications in early post-operative period. Both the lasers impaired the mucociliary clearance mechanism of the nose till three months of post-operative follow up.
Tilt in Online Poker: Development of a short version of the Online Poker Tilt Scale
Authors: Moreau Axelle , Chauchard Emeline , Hamel Alexandre , Penthier Lou , Giroux Isabelle , Sévigny Serge 
Published: July 2020

Tilt in poker is a phenomenon characterized by a loss of control. Tilt could be a risk factor for the development of problematic gambling in poker. To monitor the frequency of tilt episodes during online poker sessions, the Online Poker Tilt Scale (OPTS) was created within the French population. The aim of this study was to develop a short version of this scale, one that was faster to complete, and therefore more appropriate for the online poker player population, which was characterized by an impulsive personality and low survey participation rate. The short version is composed of nine items split into two factors (cognitive regulation and emotional regulation). The OPTS-9 version displayed good psychometric qualities and its scores were strongly correlated with those of the original version. Moreover, this shorter version allows rebalancing of the scale’s factorial structure, which facilitates interpretation of the results. This revised scale will measure the relative frequency of tilt episodes and allow to appropriately study the links between problem gambling and tilt episodes. This shortened 9-item version could be included in future experimental studies, as well as in prevention and treatment programs.RésuméL’inclinaison (tilt) au jeu de poker est un phénomène caractérisé par une perte de contrôle. Elle pourrait être un facteur de risque pour le développement d’un jeu pathologique au poker. Pour suivre la fréquence des épisodes d’inclinaison pendant les séances de poker en ligne, l’échelle Online Poker Tilt Scale (OPTS) a été créée au sein de la population française. Le but de cette étude était de développer une version courte de cette échelle, plus rapide à remplir, donc plus appropriée pour la population de joueurs de poker en ligne qui se caractérise par une personnalité impulsive et un faible taux de participation à des sondages. La version courte est composée de neuf éléments répartis en deux facteurs (régulation cognitive et régulation émotionnelle). La version OPTS-9 présente de bonnes qualités psychométriques et ses pointages sont fortement corrélés avec les pointages de la version originale. De plus, cette version courte permet de rééquilibrer la structure factorielle de l’échelle, ce qui facilite l’interprétation des résultats. Cette échelle révisée mesurera la fréquence relative des épisodes d’inclinaison et permettra d’étudier de façon adéquate les liens entre le jeu pathologique et les épisodes d’inclinaison. Cette version raccourcie à neuf éléments pourrait être incluse dans les futures études expérimentales, ainsi que dans les programmes de prévention et de traitement.
<em>Solanum tuberosum</em> L: Botanical, Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Nutritional Significance
Authors: R Anjum Sahair , S Sneha , N Raghu , TS Gopenath , Karthikeyan Murugesan , Gnanasekaran Ashok , GK Chandrashekrappa , Basalingappa Kanthesh M 
Published: July 2020

<p>Solanum tuberosum commonly known as potato belongs to solanaceae family. The whole part of potato plant including leaves; tuber, peel and juice are used in traditional medicine. A number of pharmacological activities of potato have been reported viz. Antioxidant, anticancer, antiallergy, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, anti-ulcer activity. Potato contains Phenolic acids, anthocyanin, flavonoids, vitamin B6, vitamin B3, pantothenic acid, potassium, manganese, phosphorous; copper and fibres. The medicinal properties, traditional uses, nutritional value, phytochemical constituents, taxonomy, geographic origin and distribution have been mentioned in this present review to provide collective data for multipurpose benefits.</p><p> </p>
Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) over the Paris megacity: 9 years of total column observations from ground-based infrared remote sensing
Authors: Tournadre Benoît , Chelin Pascale , Ray Mokhtar , Cuesta Juan , Kutzner Rebecca D. , Landsheere Xavier , Fortems-Cheiney Audrey , Flaud Jean-Marie , Hase Frank , Blumenstock Thomas , Orphal Johannes , Viatte Camille , Camy-Peyret Claude 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. In this paper, we present the first multiyear time
series of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) ground-based measurements in the Paris region
(Créteil, 48.79∘ N, 2.44∘ E, France) retrieved with
the midresolution “Observations of the Atmosphere by Solar absorption
Infrared Spectroscopy” (OASIS) ground-based Fourier transform infrared
solar observatory. Located in an urban region, OASIS has previously been
used for monitoring air quality (tropospheric ozone and carbon monoxide)
thanks to its specific column sensitivity across the whole troposphere down
to the atmospheric boundary layer. A total of 4920 measurements of
atmospheric total columns of ammonia have been obtained from 2009 to 2017,
with uncertainties ranging from 20 % to 35 %, and have been compared with
NH3 concentrations derived from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding
Interferometer (IASI). OASIS ground-based measurements show significant
interannual and seasonal variabilities of atmospheric ammonia. NH3
total columns over the Paris megacity (12 million people) vary seasonally by 2 orders of magnitude from approximately 0.1×1016 molec. cm−2
in winter to 10×1016 molec. cm−2 for spring peaks, probably due
to springtime spreading of fertilizers on surrounding croplands.
Satellite-observed monthly glacier and snow mass changes in southeast Tibet: implication for substantial meltwater contribution to the Brahmaputra
Authors: Yi Shuang , Song Chunqiao , Heki Kosuke , Kang Shichang , Wang Qiuyu , Chang Le 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. High-Asia glaciers have been observed to be retreating the fastest
in the southeastern Tibet Plateau (SETP), where vast numbers of glaciers and amounts of
snow feed the streamflow of the Brahmaputra, a transboundary river
linking the world's two most populous countries, China and India. However,
the low temporal resolutions in previous observations of glacier and snow (GS) mass balance
obscured the seasonal accumulation–ablation variations, and their modelling
estimates were divergent. Here we use monthly satellite gravimetry
observations from August 2002 to June 2017 to estimate GS mass variation in
the SETP. We find that the “spring-accumulation-type” glaciers and snow in
the SETP reach their maximum in May. This is in stark contrast to seasonal
variations in terrestrial water storage, which is controlled by summer
precipitation and reaches the maximum in August. These two seasonal
variations are mutually orthogonal and can be easily separated in
time-variable gravity observations. Our GS mass balance results show a
long-term trend of -6.5±0.8 Gt yr−1 (or 0.67±0.08 m w.e. yr−1) and annual mass decreases ranging from −49.3 to −78.3 Gt with an
average of -64.5±8.9 Gt in the SETP between August 2002 and June 2017. The contribution of summer meltwater to the Brahmaputra streamflow is
estimated to be 51±9 Gt. This result could help to resolve previous
divergent modelling estimates and underlines the importance of meltwater to
the Brahmaputra streamflow. The high sensitivity between GS melting and
temperature on both annual and monthly scales suggests that the Brahmaputra
will suffer from not only changes in total annual discharge but also an
earlier runoff peak due to ongoing global warming.
Tracing Mineralogy and Alteration Intensity Using the Spectral Alteration Index and Depth Ratios at the Northwest Zone of the Lemarchant Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposit, Newfoundland, Canada
Authors: Cloutier Jonathan , Piercey Stephen J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe use of hyperspectral reflectance in mineral exploration has been steadily increasing in recent decades. This study presents a novel approach that integrates geochemical and spectral proxies to delineate ore formation and alteration processes, which provide new spectral-based exploration parameters that can be used in real time. The precious metal-bearing, bimodal-felsic Northwest zone of the Lemarchant volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) deposits, Newfoundland, Canada, is used as a case study.Alteration associated with the Northwest zone includes intense and localized sulfide (pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and galena) and barite enrichment, as well as quartz, white mica, and chlorite alteration. Zones of elevated Zn (&gt;5,000 ppm) are associated with high chlorite carbonate pyrite index (CCPI), Ishikawa alteration index (AI), Ba/Sr, and low Na2O values and elevated SiO2 and K2O, Fe2O3, Na2O, and BaO contents, similar to global alteration signatures in VMS deposits. Mineralized areas contain phengitic white micas with 2,200-nm absorption features longer than 2,215 nm and Mg-rich chlorites with 2,250-nm absorption features shorter than 2,252 nm. Together, these data are consistent with the Northwest zone having undergone intense hydrothermal alteration during the mineralization event.A new lithology-normalized spectral alteration index (SAI) for white mica and chlorite was developed in order to map and characterize the alteration intensity surrounding the deposit. In addition, depth ratio parameters (2200D/2340D vs. 2250D/2340D) were used to characterize mineralogical changes and zonation. Together, these features document a paleofluid pathway with Mg chlorite alteration extending to at least 300 m away from the mineralization, outside the study area, within the andesitic and dacitic units.The use of hyperspectral reflectance coupled with geochemical alteration proxies permitted the identification of areas of intense alteration, the chemical affinities of the minerals, and their relationships to alteration processes (i.e., seawater alteration versus silicification), which would not be possible using geochemistry alone.
Early Ambulation After Hip Fracture Surgery Is Associated With Decreased 30-Day Mortality
Authors: Heiden Jace J. , Goodin Stephen R. , Mormino Matthew A. , Siebler Justin C. , Putnam Sara M. , Lyden Elizabeth R. , Tao Matthew A. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
Hip fractures frequently present in complicated patients and are fraught with high morbidity and mortality rates. Postoperatively, delayed ambulation has been identified as a factor associated with increased mortality, although its magnitude has yet to be quantified. Therefore, this article aims to evaluate mortality after hip fracture surgery because it relates to early postoperative ambulation, taking into account preexisting comorbidity burden.

Methods:
This is a retrospective review of patients older than age 65 years who underwent surgical fixation for hip fractures because of a low-energy mechanism. Ambulation during the first 3 postoperative days was recorded along with age and preexisting comorbidity burden (Modified 5-Factor Frailty Index), and 30-day and 1-year mortality statuses were examined. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between postoperative ambulation and mortality.

Results:
Of 485 patients initially identified, 218 met the inclusion criteria. Overall mortality rates were 6.4% at 30 days and 18.8% at 1 year. Two-thirds of patients ambulated in the first 3 postoperative days versus one-third who did not. Patients who did not ambulate had both significantly increased 30-day mortality (odds ratio [OR] 4.42, P = 0.010, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] 1.42 to 13.75) and 1-year mortality (OR 2.26, P = 0.022, 95% CI 1.12 to 4.53). After multivariable logistic regression accounting for age and comorbidity status, ambulation remained strongly associated with 30-day (OR 3.87, P = 0.024, 95% CI 1.20 to 12.50) but not 1-year mortality (OR 1.66, P = 0.176, 95% CI 0.80 to 3.48). Although neither were significant at 30 days, both increasing age (OR 1.05, P = 0.020, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.10) and Modified 5-Factor Frailty Index (OR 1.62, P = 0.005, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.26) correlated with increased mortality at 1 year.

Conclusion:
Early ambulation after hip fracture surgery bears a notable, almost four-fold, association with early postoperative mortality independent of age and medical comorbidities. Our results support a growing body of evidence that ambulation is a powerful tool that should continue to be emphasized to optimize mortality in hip fracture patients.