bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Courtship behaviour influences social partner choice in male guppies
Authors: Auld Heather L. , Godin Jean-Guy J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Although male courtship displays have evolved primarily to sexually attract females, they also generate inadvertent public information that potentially reveals the courter’s relative sexual attractiveness and the perceived quality and sexual receptivity of the female being courted to nearby eavesdropping male competitors, who in turn may use this information to bias their social partner choices. We tested this hypothesis by first presenting individual eavesdropping male guppies (Poecilia reticulata) the opportunity to simultaneously observe two demonstrator males whose courtship behaviour was manipulated experimentally to differ, following which we tested them for their preference to associate socially with either demonstrator males. Test males preferentially associated with the demonstrator male who they had previously observed courting a female over the other (non-courting) demonstrator. This social association preference was not expressed in the absence of a female to court. Our findings highlight the potential for sexual behaviour influencing male-male social associations in nature.
Environmental Violence and the Socio-environmental (de)Evolution of a Landscape in the San Quintín Valley
Authors: Narchi Nemer E. , Vanderplank Sula E. , Medina-Rodríguez Jesús , Alfaro-Mercado Enrique 
Published: September 2020

The social and environmental effects of industrial agriculture in the San Quintín Valley of Baja California are closely related. An environmental history of the valley from European contact to the present demonstrates that modern schemes of globalized agricultural production erode biological diversity while fostering labor exploitation. A critical model drawing on the concept of environmental violence— historically structured asymmetrical power relations that are reproduced and maintained to foster capital accumulation—describes how neoliberalism shapes and exploits agro-industrial landscapes and livelihoods in San Quintín to produce a crisis of underproduction. Los efectos sociales y ambientales de la agricultura industrial en el Valle de San Quintín de Baja California están estrechamente relacionados. Una historia ambiental del valle, desde el contacto europeo hasta el presente demuestra que los esquemas modernos de producción agrícola globalizada erosionan la diversidad biológica al mismo tiempo que fomentan la explotación laboral. Un modelo crítico basado en el concepto de violencia ambiental (relaciones de poder asimétricas históricamente estructuradas que se reproducen y mantienen para fomentar la acumulación de capital) describe cómo el neoliberalismo da forma a y explota los paisajes agroindustriales y los medios de vida en San Quintín, augurando hacia una crisis de subproducción.
Performance characteristics of an instrument-free point-of-care CD4 test (VISITECT®CD4) for use in resource-limited settings
Authors: Vidhyavathi Vairamohan , Iqbal Hussain Syed , Kanthamani Kannaiyan , Solomon Sunil Suhas , Nandagopal Paneerselvam , Luchters Stanley , Pham Minh D. , Forbes James , Crowe Suzanne M. , McMurran Christopher , Anderson David A. , Balakrishnan Pachamuthu 
Published: September 2020

Objective CD4+ T lymphocyte count remains the most common biomarker of immune status and disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals. VISITECT®CD4 is an instrument-free, low-cost point-of-care CD4 test with a cut-off of 350 CD4 cells/μL. This study aimed to evaluate VISITECT®CD4 test's diagnostic accuracy. Methods Two hundred HIV-positive patients attending a tertiary HIV centre in South India were recruited. Patients provided venous blood for reference and VISITECT®CD4 tests. An additional finger-prick blood sample was obtained for VISITECT®CD4. VISITECT®CD4's diagnostic performance in identifying individuals with CD4 counts ≤350 cells/μL was assessed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) taking flow cytometry as the reference. Results The overall agreement between VISITECT®CD4 and flow cytometry was 89.5% using venous blood and 81.5% using finger-prick blood. VISITECT®CD4 showed better performance using venous blood [sensitivity: 96.6% (95% confidence interval: 92.1%–98.9%), specificity: 70.9% (57.1%–82.4%), PPV: 89.7% (83.9%–94.0%) and NPV: 88.6% (75.4%–96.2%)] than using finger-prick blood [sensitivity: 84.8% (77.9%–90.2%), specificity: 72.7% (59.0%–83.9%), PPV: 89.1% (82.7%–93.8%) and NPV: 64.5% (51.3%–76.3%)]. Conclusion VISITECT®CD4 performed well using venous blood, demonstrating its potential utility in decentralization of CD4 testing services in resource-constrained settings.
Cutaneous nerve-conscious surgical repair of vascular access-related aneurysm assisted by anatomical ultrasonography in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Matsuda Hiroaki , Oka Yoshinari , Yoshida Ryuichi , Takatsu Shigeko , Miyazaki Masashi 
Published: September 2020

Background: The superficial runoff veins anatomically run alongside the cutaneous nerves in the volar forearm. Consequently, the surgical repair of vascular access (VA)-associated venous aneurysms attached to the cutaneous nerves could cause intraoperative nerve injury. Therefore, we proposed a cutaneous nerve-conscious VA-related aneurysmal repair assisted by nerve ultrasonography. This ultrasonography aids in the preoperative examination of the courses of the nerves neighboring the aneurysm. Methods: Sixteen consecutive patients who underwent surgical revisions of VA-related aneurysms (14 venous aneurysms and two arterial pseudoaneurysms) were enrolled. The locations of aneurysms derived from preexisting arteriovenous fistulas included 11 radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulas in the wrist or distally, three radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulas at the antecubital fossa, and two brachiocephalic arteriovenous fistulas at the antecubital fossa or in the distal upper arm. A preoperative ultrasonographic scan of the cutaneous nerve trunks that ran peripherally toward and along the aneurysms was attempted to avoid nerve injuries during operations. Basically, the aneurysms were resected from the proximal to the distal ends after being separated from the preserved adjacent nerves. Results: The cutaneous nerve trunks that coursed toward and along the aneurysm could be identified by preoperative ultrasonography and could be preserved intraoperatively based on ultrasonographic findings in all patients. In four patients, the cutaneous nerve branch was unexpectedly or intentionally severed for a seamless surgical process because the nerve branch that divided from the cutaneous nerve trunk was strongly attached to the aneurysm. They subsequently suffered from hypoesthesia, but did not experience neuropathic pain. Conclusion: Preoperative ultrasonographic examination of the cutaneous nerve facilitated the intraoperative prevention of cutaneous nerve injury in VA-related aneurysmectomy. Nerve-sparing VA surgery assisted by preoperative nerve ultrasonography based on the understanding of topological anatomy might contribute to the reduction in postoperative neuropathy and enhance comfort in the daily life of hemodialysis patients.
Short-Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score is associated with postoperative pulmonary complications in elderly patients undergoing lung resection surgery: A prospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Hanada Masatoshi , Yamauchi Kota , Miyazaki Shinjiro , Oyama Yohei , Yanagita Yorihide , Sato Shuntaro , Miyazaki Takuro , Nagayasu Takeshi , Kozu Ryo 
Published: September 2020

Elderly patients awaiting lung resection surgery often have poor physical function, which puts them at a high risk of postoperative pulmonary complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of preoperative physical performance on postoperative pulmonary complications in patients awaiting lung resection surgery. In this prospective multicenter cohort study, the characteristics of patients and postoperative pulmonary complications were compared between subjects with low (<10) and high (≥10) Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) scores. Postoperative pulmonary complications were defined as over grade II in Clavien-Dindo classification system. We estimated the effects of physical performance on postoperative pulmonary complications using multivariable hierarchical logistic regression. The postoperative pulmonary complications were compared between 331 patients in the high and 33 patients in the low SPPB group. Patients in the low SPPB score group had a significantly higher rate of postoperative pulmonary complications (p < 0.001). Low SPPB score was associated with a higher risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (odds ratio, 8.80; p < 0.001). The SPPB is a clinically useful evaluation tool to assess surgical patients’ physical performance. The low physical performance indicated by the SPPB may be predictive of postoperative pulmonary complications after lung resection surgery. Trial registration: Clinical Trials. University hospital Medical Information Network Center (UMIN-CTR) UMIN000021875.
Depression and polypharmacy are risk factors for activity limitation in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Klinedinst Tara C , Nelson Tracy L , Gloeckner Gene W , Malcolm Matt P 
Published: September 2020

Objectives Individuals with type 2 diabetes are at risk for deficits in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL: e.g., managing medication, preparing healthy meals). Understanding which demographic and health factors contribute to decreased frequency of IADL performance is especially important to prevent age-related functional decline in type 2 diabetes. This study examined the relationships among demographic and health variables and frequency of IADL performance in adults with type 2 diabetes. Methods For this cross-sectional study, we collected health, demographic, and activity information via self-report and electronic health record review from safety-net primary care patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 93). We used regression models to determine which factors were associated with IADL performance in three subscales (domestic, leisure/work, outdoor) and the overall score. Results Depression was associated with decreased frequency of IADL performance for domestic, leisure/work, and outdoor activities. Each additional daily medication was associated with decreased frequency of domestic and outdoor IADL performance. Discussion Depression and taking more daily medication were predictors of decreased IADL performance for adults with type 2 diabetes. Our findings suggest regular screening for depression and polypharmacy is important in the primary care of diabetes; especially as these are potentially modifiable risk factors.
Treatment patterns and achievement of the treat-to-target goals in a real-life rheumatoid arthritis patient cohort: data from 1317 patients
Authors: Thomas Konstantinos , Lazarini Argiro , Kaltsonoudis Evripidis , Drosos Alexandros , Papalopoulos Ioannis , Sidiropoulos Prodromos , Tsatsani Panagiota , Gazi Sousana , Pantazi Lina , Boki Kyriaki A. , Katsimbri Pelagia , Boumpas Dimitrios , Fragkiadaki Kalliopi , Tektonidou Maria , Sfikakis Petros P. , Karagianni Konstantina , Sakkas Lazaros I. , Grika Eleftheria P. , Vlachoyiannopoulos Panagiotis G. , Evangelatos Gerasimos , Iliopoulos Alexios , Dimitroulas Theodoros , Garyfallos Alexandros , Melissaropoulos Konstantinos , Georgiou Panagiotis , Areti Maria , Georganas Constantinos , Vounotrypidis Periklis , Kitas George D. , Vassilopoulos Dimitrios 
Published: September 2020

Background: Data regarding the real-life predictors of low disease activity (LDA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients are limited. Our aim was to evaluate the rate and predictors of LDA and treatment patterns in RA. Methods: This was a multicenter, prospective, RA cohort study where patients were evaluated in two different time points approximately 12 months apart. Statistical analysis was performed in order to identify predictors of LDA while patterns of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug [DMARDs; conventional synthetic (csDMARD) or biologic (bDMARD)] and glucocorticoid (GC) use were also recorded. Results: The total number of patients included was 1317 (79% females, mean age: 62.9 years, mean disease duration: 10.3 years). After 1 year, 57% had achieved LDA (DAS28ESR<3.2) while 43% did not (34%: moderate disease activity: DAS28ESR ⩾3.2 to <5.1, 9%: high disease activity, DAS28ESR ⩾5.1). By multivariate analysis, male sex was positively associated with LDA [odds ratio (OR) = 2.29 p < 0.001] whereas advanced age (OR = 0.98, p = 0.005), high Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score (OR = 0.57, p < 0.001), use of GCs (OR = 0.75, p = 0.037) or ⩾2 bDMARDs (OR = 0.61, p = 0.002), high co-morbidity index (OR = 0.86, p = 0.011) and obesity (OR = 0.62, p = 0.002) were negative predictors of LDA. During follow-up, among active patients (DAS28ESR >3.2), 21% initiated (among csDMARDs users) and 22% switched (among bDMARDs users) their bDMARDs. Conclusion: In a real-life RA cohort, during 1 year of follow-up, 43% of patients do not reach treatment targets while only ~20% of those with active RA started or switched their bDMARDs. Male sex, younger age, lower HAQ, body mass index and co-morbidity index were independent factors associated with LDA while use of GCs or ⩾2 bDMARDs were negative predictors.
Rationale and design of the expanded combination of evolocumab plus empagliflozin in diabetes: EXCEED-BHS3 trial
Authors: Breder Ikaro , Cunha Breder Jessica , Bonilha Isabella , Munhoz Daniel B. , Medorima Sheila T. Kimura , Oliveira Daniela C. , Carmo Helison R. do , Moreira Camila , Kontush Anatol , Zimetti Francesca , Zanotti Ilaria , Carvalho Luiz Sergio F. , Nadruz Wilson , Muscelli Elza , Quinaglia Thiago , Sposito Andrei C. ,   on behalf of EXCEED-BHS3 Trial Investigator
Published: September 2020

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remain at increased cardiovascular residual risk and endothelial dysfunction, even after optimizing metabolic control and treatment by sodium-glucose-2 transporter inhibitors (SGLT2-is). The present study was based on the hypothesis that proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 inhibitor (PCSK9i) therapy may mitigate endothelial dysfunction in T2DM patients who are on regular treatment by SGLT2-i. Methods: The EXCEED-BHS3 is a prospective, single-center, investigator-blinded, open-label, randomized clinical trial. Participants ( n = 110) will be randomized (1:1) to either empagliflozin 25 mg/day alone or empagliflozin 25 mg/day plus evolocumab 140 mg every 2 weeks in addition to optimal medical care. The primary endpoint was defined as the change in the 1-min flow-mediated dilation (FMD) after 16 weeks of treatment. The secondary endpoint is the FMD change after ischemia/reperfusion injury protocol (reserve FMD) after 16 weeks of treatment. Exploratory outcomes comprise the change in FMD and reserve FMD after 8 weeks of treatment and the change after 16 weeks of treatment in the following parameters: plasma levels of nitric oxide, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and isoprostane, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein subfractions profile, HDL function, blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference and adipokines. Conclusion: This will be the first study to evaluate the add-on effect of PCSK9i on endothelial function of T2DM patients under regular use of empagliflozin. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03932721
The Relationship Between Lateral Femoral Anatomic Structures and the Femoral Tunnel Outlet in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using the Transportal Technique: A 3-Dimensional Simulation Analysis
Authors: Chung Kwangho , Choi Chong Hyuk , Kim Sung-Hwan , Kim Sung-Jae , Do Woosung , Jung Min 
Published: September 2020

Background: The relationship between the lateral femoral anatomic structures and femoral tunnel outlet according to changes in knee flexion and transverse drill angle during femoral tunnel creation in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction remains unclear. Purpose: To investigate the relationships between the lateral femoral anatomic structures and femoral tunnel outlet according to various knee flexion and transverse drill angles and to determine appropriate angles at which to minimize possible damage to the lateral femoral anatomic structures. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Simulation of ACL reconstruction was conducted using a 3-dimensional reconstructed knee model from the knees of 30 patients. Femoral tunnels were created using combinations of 4 knee flexion and 3 transverse drill angles. Distances between the femoral tunnel outlet and lateral femoral anatomic structures (minimum safe distance, 12 mm), tunnel length, and tunnel wall breakage were assessed. Results: Knee flexion and transverse drill angles independently affected distances between the femoral tunnel outlet and lateral femoral anatomic structures. As knee flexion angle increased, the distance to the lateral collateral ligament, lateral epicondyle, and popliteal tendon decreased, whereas the distance to the lateral head of the gastrocnemius increased ( P < .001). As the transverse drill angle decreased, distances to all lateral femoral anatomic structures increased ( P < .001). Considering safe distance, 120°, 130°, or 140° of knee flexion and maximum transverse drill angle (MTA) could damage the lateral collateral ligament; 130° or 140° of knee flexion and MTA could damage the lateral epicondyle; and 110° or 120° of knee flexion and MTA could damage the lateral head of the gastrocnemius. Tunnel wall breakage occurred under the conditions of MTA – 10° or MTA – 20° with 110° of knee flexion and MTA – 20° with 120° of knee flexion. Conclusion: Approximately 120° of knee flexion with MTA – 10° and 130° or 140° of knee flexion with MTA – 20° or MTA – 10° could be recommended to prevent damage to the lateral femoral anatomic structures, secure adequate tunnel length, and avoid tunnel wall breakage. Clinical Relevance: Knee flexion angle and transverse drill angle may affect femoral tunnel creation, but thorough studies are lacking. Our findings may help surgeons obtain a stable femoral tunnel while preventing damage to the lateral femoral anatomic structures.
Sports activity participation after curved periacetabular osteotomy for acetabular dysplasia
Authors: Takahashi Yoshiki , Takahira Naonobu , Uchiyama Katsufumi , Fukushima Kensuke , Moriya Mitsutoshi , Shibuya Manaka , Tsuda Kouji , Tozaki Kiyoshi , Kudo Sho , Kaneda Hiroaki , Sekita Junya , Takaso Masashi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundCurved periacetabular osteotomy (CPO) was developed to treat acetabular dysplasia. Given that CPO can improve physical function in the early post-operative period, patients might be able to participate in sports activities post-operatively. Therefore, this study examined the post-operative sports activity participation and characteristics of acetabular dysplasia patients who have undergone CPO.MethodsA total of 52 patients who underwent CPO for acetabular dysplasia were given a questionnaire on pre- and post-operative sports activities; 43 patients responded. We surveyed patients’ sports activities, satisfaction, and physical function. Patients were divided according to whether they participated in sports activities after CPO. Physical function was compared before and after CPO.ResultsThe pre- and post-operative sports activity participation rates were 55.8 and 72.1%, respectively. Patients mostly performed low-impact sports activities. Moreover, patients who participated in sports activities post-operatively had smaller pre-operative range of motion of hip flexion and returned to full weight bearing earlier.ConclusionsAmong acetabular dysplasia patients who underwent CPO, 72.1% participated in sports activities post-operatively. Post-operatively, patients participated not only in low-impact sports activities, but also in high-impact ones. These findings might be useful for advising patients who are concerned about participating in sports activities after CPO.
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas with pathogenic somatic mutations and absence of detectable clonal T-cell receptor gene rearrangement: two case reports
Authors: Rojansky Rebecca , Fernandez-Pol Sebastian , Wang Erica , Rieger Kerri E. , Novoa Roberto A. , Zehnder James L. , Kunder Christian A. , Kim Youn H. , Khodadoust Michael S. , Brown Ryanne A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL) are a heterogeneous group of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas for which diagnosis can be challenging given the potential for overlap with inflammatory dermatoses. Current diagnostic criteria for CTCL incorporate clinical and histopathologic findings as well as results of T-cell receptor (TCR) gene sequencing. Molecular interrogation of TCR genes, TRG and TRB, has proven to be a critical tool for confirming diagnoses of CTCL and for disease tracking after initiation of therapy or after stem cell transplant. Methods for confirming a diagnosis of lymphoma in the absence of TCR gene clonality are lacking. We present two patients with CTCL with pathogenic somatic mutations in the absence of TRG and TRB clonality.

Case presentations
Case 1: A 38-year-old male had a 19-year history of a diffuse skin rash with papulosquamous, granulomatous, and verrucous features and progressive ulcerated plaques and tumors demonstrating an atypical CD4+ T-cell infiltrate with expression of cytotoxic markers CD56, TIA-1, granzyme, and perforin on histopathology. No definitive evidence for T-cell clonality was detected by conventional PCR of 6 biopsies or by next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 14 biopsies. Somatic mutational profiling of a skin biopsy revealed pathogenic mutations in PIKC3D and TERT promoter hotspots, confirming the presence of a clonal process. Case 2: A 69-year-old male with a 13-year history of progressive, diffuse hypertrophic and eroded plaques showed an atypical CD4+ T-cell infiltrate with subset expression of TIA-1 and granzyme on histopathology. No TCR clonality was detected by TCR-NGS of 6 biopsies. Somatic mutational profiling of a skin biopsy detected a pathogenic mutation in TP53, confirming the presence of a clonal process.

Conclusions
These cases highlight how detection of pathogenic somatic mutations can confirm a diagnosis of lymphoma in a clinically and histopathologically suspicious cutaneous lymphoid proliferation without detectable TCR clonality.