bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graphene nanoplatelet and Graphene oxide functionalization of face mask materials inhibits infectivity of trapped SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Maio Flavio De , Palmieri Valentina , Babini Gabriele , Augello Alberto , Palucci Ivana , Perini Giordano , Salustri Alessandro , De Spirito Marco , Sanguinetti Maurizio , Delogu Giovanni , Rizzi Laura Giorgia , Cesareo Giulio , Soon-Shiong Patrick , Sali Michela , Papi Massimiliano 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent advancements in bidimensional nanoparticles such as Graphene nanoplatelets (G) and the derivative Graphene oxide (GO) have the potential to meet the need for highly functional personal protective equipment (PPE) that confers increased protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and the spread COVID-19. The ability of G and GO to interact with and bind microorganisms as well as RNA and DNA provides an opportunity to develop engineered textiles for use in PPE. The face masks widely used in health care and other high-risk settings for COVID transmission provide only a physical barrier that decreases likelihood of infection and do not inactivate the virus. Here, we show pre-incubation of viral particles with free GO inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection of VERO cells. Highly relevant to PPE materials, when either polyurethane or cotton material was loaded with G or GO and culture medium containing SARS-CoV-2 viral particles either filtered through or incubated with the functionalized materials, the infectivity of the medium was nearly completely inhibited. The findings presented here constitute an important nanomaterials-based strategy to significantly increase face mask and other PPE efficacy in protection against the SARS-CoV-2 virus and COVID-19 that may be applicable to additional anti-SARS-CoV-2 measures including water filtration, air purification, and diagnostics.One Sentence SummaryCotton and polyurethane materials functionalized with bidimensional Graphene nanoplatelets trap SARS-CoV-2 and have the potential to reduce spread of COVID-19.
Pathologic and molecular responses to neoadjuvant trastuzumab and/or lapatinib from a phase II randomized trial in HER2-positive breast cancer (TRIO-US B07)
Authors: Hurvitz Sara A. , Caswell-Jin Jennifer L. , McNamara Katherine L. , Zoeller Jason J. , Bean Gregory R. , Dichmann Robert , Perez Alejandra , Patel Ravindranath , Zehngebot Lee , Allen Heather , Bosserman Linda , DiCarlo Brian , Kennedy April , Giuliano Armando , Calfa Carmen , Molthrop David , Mani Aruna , Chen Hsiao-Wang , Dering Judy , Adams Brad , Kotler Eran , Press Michael F. , Brugge Joan S. , Curtis Christina , Slamon Dennis J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this neoadjuvant trial (TRIO-US B07), participants with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer (N=128) were randomized to receive trastuzumab (T), lapatinib (L), or both (TL) as HER2-targeted therapy, with each participant given one cycle of this designated anti-HER2 therapy alone followed by six cycles of standard combination chemotherapy with the same anti-HER2 therapy. We observed similar pathologic complete response (pCR) rates between T and TL, and a lower pCR rate with L. Higher-level amplification of HER2 and hormone receptor-negative status were associated with a higher pCR rate. Higher pre-treatment immune infiltrate trended toward higher pCR rate in T-treated groups, and greater HR expression correlated with lower immune infiltrate. Large shifts in tumor, immune, and stromal gene expression occurred after one cycle of HER2-targeted therapy. In contrast to pCR rates, the L-containing arms exhibited greater proliferation reduction than T at this timepoint. Immune expression signatures increased in all arms after one cycle of HER2-targeted therapy, decreasing again by the time of surgery. Our results inform approaches to early assessment of sensitivity to anti-HER2 therapy and shed light on the role of the immune microenvironment in response to HER2-targeted agents.
THE REMOTE ANALYSIS OF BREATH SOUND IN COVID-19 PATIENTS: A SERIES OF CLINICAL CASES
Authors: Furman E. , Charushin A. , Eirikh E. , Furman G. , Sokolovsky V. , Malinin S. , Sheludko V. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundRespiratory sounds have been recognized as a possible indicator of behavior and health. Computer analysis of these sounds can indicate of characteristic sound changes caused by COVID-19 and can be used for diagnosis of this illness.PurposeThe communication aim is development of fast remote computer-assistance diagnosis of COVID-19, based on analysis of respiratory sounds.Materials and MethodsFast Fourier transform (FFT) was applied for analyses of respiratory sounds recorded near the mouth of 9 COVID-19 patients and 4 healthy volunteers. Sampling rate was 48 kHz.ResultsComparing of FFT spectrums of the respiratory sounds of the patients and volunteers we proposed numerical healthy-ill criterions.ConclusionsThe proposed computer method, based on analysis of the FFT spectrums of respiratory sounds of the patients and volunteers, allows one to automatically diagnose COVID-19 with sufficiently high diagnostic values. This method can be applied at development of noninvasive self-testing kits for COVID-19.
E-cigarette use and combustible tobacco cigarette smoking uptake among non-smokers, including relapse in former smokers: umbrella review, systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Baenziger Olivia Nina , Ford Laura , Yazidjoglou Amelia , Joshy Grace , Banks Emily 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCombustible tobacco smoking is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. E-cigarettes are promoted for smoking cessation, but evidence on how their use relates to smoking uptake is limited. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsychINFO (Ovid), Medline (Ovid) and Wiley Cochrane Library in April 2020. Studies of non-smokers - never, not current, and former smokers - with a baseline measure of e-cigarette use and an outcome measure of combustible smoking uptake were included. Of 6,225 studies identified, 3 systematic reviews (incorporating 13 primary research studies) and 12 additional studies were included in umbrella and top-up systematic reviews, respectively. All 25 studies found increased risk of smoking uptake with e-cigarette exposure, although magnitude varied substantially. Using a random-effects model, comparing e-cigarette users versus non-e-cigarette users, among never-smokers at baseline the odds ratio (OR) for smoking initiation was 3.25 (95%CI 2.61-4.05, I2 85.7%) and among non-smokers at baseline the OR for current smoking was 2.87 (95%CI 1.97-4.19, I2 90.1%). Among former smokers, smoking relapse was higher in e-cigarette users versus non-users (OR=2.40, 95% CI 1.50-3.83, I2 12.3%). Across multiple settings, non-smokers who use e-cigarettes are consistently more likely than non-e-cigarettes users to initiate combustible cigarette smoking and become current smokers; risk magnitude varied, with an average of around three times the odds. Former smokers using e-cigarettes have over twice the odds of relapse as non-e-cigarettes users. This study is the first to our knowledge to review and pool data on the latter topic.
High-throughput quantitation of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a single-dilution homogeneous assay
Authors: Kainulainen Markus H. , Bergeron Eric , Chatterjee Payel , Chapman Asheley P. , Lee Joo , Chida Asiya , Tang Xiaoling , Wharton Rebekah E. , Mercer Kristina B. , Petway Marla , Jenks Harley M. , Flietstra Timothy D. , Schuh Amy J. , Satheshkumar Panayampalli S. , Chaitram Jasmine M. , Owen S. Michele , Finn M. G. , Goldstein Jason M. , Montgomery Joel M. , Spiropoulou Christina F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 emerged in late 2019 and has since spread around the world, causing a pandemic of the respiratory disease COVID-19. Detecting antibodies against the virus is an essential tool for tracking infections and developing vaccines. Such tests, primarily utilizing the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) principle, can be either qualitative (reporting positive/negative results) or quantitative (reporting a value representing the quantity of specific antibodies). Quantitation is vital for determining stability or decline of antibody titers in convalescence, efficacy of different vaccination regimens, and detection of asymptomatic infections. Quantitation typically requires two-step ELISA testing, in which samples are first screened in a qualitative assay and positive samples are subsequently analyzed as a dilution series. To overcome the throughput limitations of this approach, we developed a simpler and faster system that is highly automatable and achieves quantitation in a single-dilution screening format with sensitivity and specificity comparable to those of ELISA.One sentence summaryProtein complementation enables mix-and-read SARS-CoV-2 serology that rivals sensitivity and specificity of ELISA but excels in throughput and quantitation.
Review of evidence regarding attributes and behaviours of smokers as smoking prevalence falls, including evidence relevant to the ‘hardening hypothesis’
Authors: Harris Miranda , Martin Melonie , Yazidjoglou Amelia , Ford Laura , Lucas Robyn M , Banks Emily 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTo review evidence relevant to Australia and similar high-income countries regarding continuing smokers’ motivation, dependence and quitting behaviour as smoking prevalence declines, to assess whether population “hardening” (decreasing propensity to quit) or “softening” (the converse) is occurring. MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched to July 2019, using terms related to smoking and hardening, for reviews and large, population-based repeat cross-sectional studies. There were additional searches of reference lists and citations of key research articles. Two reviewers screened half the titles and abstracts each, and two reviewers screened all full texts independently using tested criteria. Four reviewers independently and systematically extracted data from eligible publications, with one reviewer per study, checked by another reviewer. Of 265 titles identified, three reviews and ten repeat cross-sectional studies (not included in the reviews) were included. All three reviews concluded that hardening has not occurred among the general smoking population over time. Of the ten repeated cross-sectional studies, five examined motivation, nine examined dependence, five examined hardcore smoking, and two examined quit outcomes over time. All found a lack of hardening and most found softening within the smoking population, consistent across hardening indicators, definitions, countries (and tobacco control environments) and time periods examined. Declining smoking prevalence has been accompanied by softening within the population of smokers, characterised by increasing motivation to quit and reduced dependency. Based on the weight of the available evidence from high-income countries, the “hardening hypothesis” should be rejected.
Risk assessment of vector-borne disease transmission using spatiotemporal network model and climate data with an application of dengue in Bangladesh
Authors: Riad Mahbubul H , Cohnstaedt Lee W , Scoglio Caterina M 
Published: September 2020

AbstractVector-borne disease risk assessment is crucial to optimize surveillance, preventative measures (vector control), and resource allocation (medical supplies). High arthropod abundance and host interaction strongly correlate to vector-borne pathogen transmission. Increasing host density and movement increases the possibility of local and long-distance pathogen transmission. Therefore, we developed a risk assessment framework using climate (average temperature and rainfall) and host demographic (host density and movement) data, particularly suitable for regions with unreported or under-reported incidence data. This framework consisted of a spatiotemporal network-based approach coupled with a compartmental disease model and a non-homogeneous Gillespie algorithm. One-month and two-month lagged temperature and rainfall data have been used to develop the correlation of climate data with vector abundance and host-vector interactions. This correlation can be expressed as vectorial capacity— a parameter, which governs the spreading of infection from an infected host to a susceptible via vectors. As an example, the novel risk assessment framework is applied for dengue in Bangladesh. Vectorial capacity is inferred for each week throughout a year using average monthly temperature and rainfall data, while the whole country is divided into some spatial locations (upazilas). Long-distance pathogen transmission is expressed with human movement data in the spatiotemporal network. We have identified the spatiotemporal suitability of dengue spreading in Bangladesh as well as the significant-incidence window and peak incidence period. Analysis of yearly dengue data variation suggests the possibility of a significant outbreak with a new serotype introduction. The outcome of the framework comprises of weather-dependent spatiotemporal suitability maps and probabilistic risk maps for spatial infection spreading. This framework is capable of vector-borne disease risk assessment without historical incidence data and can be a useful tool for preparedness with accurate human movement data.
Trabeculae microstructure parameters serve as effective predictors for marginal bone loss of dental implant in the mandible
Authors: Zhang Hengguo , Shan Jie , Zhang Ping , Chen Xin , Jiang Hongbing 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMarginal bone loss (MBL) is one of the leading causes of dental implant failure. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of machine learning (ML) algorithms based on trabeculae microstructure parameters to predict the occurrence of severe MBL. Eighty-one patients (41 severe MBL cases and 40 normal controls) were involved in the current study. Four ML models, including support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN), logistic regression (LR), and random forest (RF), were employed to predict severe MBL. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were used to evaluate the performance of these models. At the early stage of functional loading, severe MBL cases showed a significant increase of structure model index and trabecular pattern factor in peri-implant alveolar bone. The SVM model exhibited the best outcome in predicting MBL (AUC = 0.967, sensitivity = 91.67%, specificity=100.00%), followed by ANN (AUC = 0.928, sensitivity = 91.67%, specificity=93.33%), LR (AUC = 0.906, sensitivity = 91.67%, specificity = 93.33%), RF (AUC = 0.842, sensitivity = 75.00%, specificity = 86.67%). Together, ML algorithms based on the morphological variation of trabecular bone can be used to predict severe MBL.
Evaluation of Serum Zinc Concentration in Vitiligo, A Case-Control Study
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed Abdul-Aziz , Ahmed Hayder Saad , Abdulqader Ahmed Talib 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundVitiligo is an acquired autoimmune pigmentary disorder characterized by ivory white patches. Zinc is proposed to have an immune modulatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties in vitiligo patients.The aim of this study is to evaluate serum zinc in vitiligo patients.Patients and methodsThis is case–control study conducted from December 2019 to May 2020. The study included 50 patient with vitiligo and 50 age- and sex-matched controls.A 2 ml venous blood sample was taken from patients and controls by zinc-free syringe and was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.ResultsThe mean serum zinc level was 73.14±19.32 in patients group and 85.36±14.14 in controls group (p-value=0.005). It also was 77.65±22.07 and 82.84±14.32 in male patients and controls, respectively. In female patients, it was 70.82±17.65and in female controls was 82.88±13.79(p-value=0.02). Regarding the residence, the mean serum zinc level in patients group was 70.13±21.4 in urban and 76.39±17.73 in rural area. In controls group, mean serum zinc was 83.25±14.12 and 89.11±13.77 in urban and rural area, respectively (p-value=0.003). According to the clinical patterns of vitiligo, the mean serum zinc observed was 75.32±19.64 in vitiligo vulgaris, 70.45±21.23 in acrofacial vitiligo and 68.7±17.61 in segmental vitiligo (p-value=0.68).ConclusionSerum zinc level was significantly low in patients with vitiligo but not associated with the type of vitiligo or family history of autoimmune diseases. It was even lower when vitiligo is associated with nail changes than vitiligo without any nail abnormalities.
Genetic association studies of fibromuscular dysplasia identify new risk loci and shared genetic basis with more common vascular diseases
Authors: Georges Adrien , Yang Min-Lee , Berrandou Takiy-Eddine , Bakker Mark , Dikilitas Ozan , Kiando Soto Romuald , Ma Lijiang , Satterfield Benjamin A. , Sengupta Sebanti , Yu Mengyao , Deleuze Jean-François , Dupré Delia , Hunker Kristina L. , Kyryachenko Sergiy , Liu Lu , Amar Laurence , Brummett Chad M. , Coleman Dawn M. , d’Escamard Valentina , de Leeuw Peter , Fendrikova-Mahlay Natalia , Kadian-Dodov Daniella , Li Jun Z. , Lorthioir Aurélien , Pappaccogli Marco , Prejbisz Aleksander , Smigielski Witold , Stanley James C. , Zawistowski Matthew , Zhou Xiang , Zoellner Sebastian ,   FEIRI investigators,   International stroke genetics consortium (ISGC) intracranial aneurysm working group,   Megastroke, De Buyzere Marc L. , Debette Stéphanie , Dobrowolski Piotr , Drygas Wojciech , Gornik Heather L. , Olin Jeffrey W. , Piwonski Jerzy , Rietzschel Ernst R. , Ruigrok Ynte , Vikkula Miikka , Celinska Ewa Warchol , Januszewicz Andrzej , Kullo Iftikhar J. , Azizi Michel , Jeunemaitre Xavier , Persu Alexandre , Kovacic Jason C. , Ganesh Santhi K. , Bouatia-Naji Nabila 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTFibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is an arteriopathy that presents clinically by hypertension and stroke, mostly in early middle-aged women. We report results from the first genome-wide association meta-analysis of FMD including 1962 FMD cases and 7100 controls. We confirmedPHACTR1and identified three new loci (LRP1, ATP2B1, andLIMA1)associated with FMD. Transcriptome-wide association analysis in arteries identified one additional locus (SLC24A3). FMD associated variants were located in arterial-specific enhancers active in vascular smooth muscle cells and fibroblasts. Target genes are broadly involved in mechanisms related to actin cytoskeleton and intracellular calcium homeostasis, central to vascular contraction. Cross-trait linkage disequilibrium analyses identified positive genetic correlations with blood pressure, migraine and intracranial aneurysm, and an inverse correlation with coronary artery disease, independent from the genetics of blood pressure.
Association between corticosteroids and intubation or death among patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in non-ICU settings: an observational study using of real-world data from 51 hospitals in France and Luxembourg
Authors:   The COCORICO Collaborative Group, Tran Viet-Thi , Mahévas Matthieu , Bani-Sadr Firouze , Robineau Olivier , Perpoint Thomas , Perrodeau Elodie , Gallay Laure , Ravaud Philippe , Goehringer François , Lescure François-Xavier 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of corticosteroids on outcomes of patients with mild COVID-19 pneumonia.MethodsWe used routine care data from 51 hospitals in France and Luxembourg to assess the effectiveness of corticosteroids at 0.8 mg/kg/day eq. prednisone (CTC group) vs standard of care (no-CTC group) among patients ≤ 80 years old with COVID-19 pneumonia requiring oxygen without mechanical ventilation. The primary outcome was intubation or death at Day 28. Baseline characteristics of patients were balanced using propensity score inverse probability of treatment weighting.ResultsAmong the 891 patients included in the analysis, 203 were assigned to the CTC group. At day 28, corticosteroids did not reduce the rate of the primary outcome (wHR 0.92, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.39) nor the cumulative death rate (wHR 1.03, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.98). Corticosteroids significantly reduced the rate of the primary outcome for patients requiring oxygen ≥ at 3L/min (wHR 0.50, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.85) or C-Reactive Protein (CRP) ≥ 100mg/L (wHR 0.44, 95%CI 0.23 to 0.85). We found a higher number of hyperglycaemia events among patients who received corticosteroids, but number of infections were similar across the two groups.ConclusionsWe found no association between the use of corticosteroids and intubation or death in the broad population of patients ≤80 years old with COVID-19 hospitalized in non-ICU settings. However, the treatment was beneficial for patients with ≥ 3L/min oxygen or CRP ≥ 100mg/L at baseline. These data support the need to confirm the right timing of corticosteroids for patients with mild COVID.Short summaryWe assessed the effectiveness of corticosteroids among patients ≤ 80 years old with COVID-19, in non-ICU settings. Our results support the use of corticosteroids for patients receiving oxygen at ≥3L/min or with a C-reactive protein ≥ 100mg/L at baseline.
Modeling the Spread and Control of COVID-19
Authors: Trivedi Ashutosh , Sreenivas Nanda Kishore , Rao Shrisha 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
Data-centric models of COVID-19 have been tried, but have certain
limitations. In this work, we propose an agent-based model of the epidemic in a
confined space of agents representing humans. An extension to the SEIR model
allows us to consider the difference between the appearance (black-box view) of
the spread of disease, and the real situation (glass-box view). Our model allows
for simulations of lockdowns, social distancing, personal hygiene, quarantine,
and hospitalization, with further considerations of different parameters such as
the extent to which hygiene and social distancing are observed in a population.
Our results give qualitative indications of the effects of various policies and
parameters; for instance, that lockdowns by themselves are extremely unlikely to
bring an end to an epidemic and may indeed make things worse, that social
distancing matters more than personal hygiene, and that the growth of infection
comes down significantly for moderately high levels of social distancing and
hygiene, even in the absence of herd immunity.

The code and documentation for this work can be accessed from
https://github.com/ABM-for-Covid/ABM-for-Covid-19. We
have also created an interactive application (https://abmforcovid.org) for anyone to run experiments
and test with their own strategies.
Digital Health Interventions in Palliative Care: A Systematic Meta-Review and Evidence Synthesis
Authors: Finucane Anne M. , O’Donnell Hannah , Lugton Jean , Swenson Connie , Pagliari Claudia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDigital health interventions (DHIs) have the potential to improve the accessibility and effectiveness of palliative care but heterogeneity amongst existing systematic reviews presents a challenge for evidence synthesis. This rigorous meta-review applied a structured search of 10 databases from 2006 to 2020, revealing 21 relevant systematic reviews, encompassing 332 unique publications. Most reviews were moderate quality. Interventions delivered via videoconferencing (17%), electronic healthcare records (16%) and phone (13%) were most frequently described. DHIs were typically used in palliative care for education (20%), symptom management (15%), decision-making support (13%), information provision or management (13%), and communication (9%). Positive impacts were reported on education, decision-making, information-sharing, communication, and costs. Impacts on symptom management were either positive or showed no harmful effects. However often DHIs were described but not evaluated. Responsive pragmatic research designs are now needed to guide further evaluation, implementation and to inform future service innovation.