bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of hypertension and its modifiable risk factors among rural population aged ≥13 years
Authors: Singh S. P. , Chauhan Chitra Rani , Verma Vijayshree 
Published: June 2020

Background: Hypertension is a silent physiological ailment leading to bizarre pathological complications. Every year, some 12 million fatal and 20 million nonfatal strokes and myocardial infarctions occur worldwide (WHO, 2002). Prevalence was noted between rural and urban parts of India 27.6% (23.2-32.0) and 33.8% (29.7-37.8).Methods: Study design community-based cross-sectional study. Sampling technique multistage random sampling technique was used to select representative sample from rural population of Kanpur.Results: The overall prevalence of hypertension (HTN) in our study was found to be 21.27%, more among females 23.2% than males 19.7%. The results of logistic regression analysis with HTN status as dependent variable, to identify the effects of 6 risk factors (independent variables) for hypertension body mass index (BMI), grade of work, excess salt consumption, mental stress, smoking/chewing tobacco, alcohol intake. The odds ratio was 3.57 for the BMI with lower limit of 95% C.I. being 2.73, implying that it’s at least 2.73 times related to hypertension and odds of other risk factors shows that all the 6 risk factors related statistically. There was significant correlation was found between BMI, blood pressure (BP) and age. There was signiﬁcance (p<0.01) of positive correlation BMI with both systolic and diastolic BP with correlation coefficient (0.395) was stronger than diastolic BP (0.301). Conclusions: Overall prevalence of hypertension was 21.3%. Smoking, tobacco chewing increases the prevalence and Quantity of alcohol consumption were seemed to pose definite impact on mean systolic BP. BP levels increases steadily with increasing BMI and with decreasing level of physical activity (sedentary lifestyle).
Association between red cell distribution width and tumour stage in patients with resected cancer of the head of the pancreas
Authors: Pradeep Archana , Rameshan Anjana , Krishna Kumar Anjali Nair , George Leyanna Susan 
Published: June 2020

Background: Predicting the clinical outcome in pancreatic cancer is often challenging due to the lack of reliable and cost effective prognostic parameters. Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW), an index of the variability in the size of the circulating RBCs has been reported to have prognostic significance in some malignancies. There is a scarcity of literature supporting its relevance in pancreatic cancer. Objective was to study the association between RDW and tumor stage in patients with pancreatic cancer attending a tertiary care hospital in South India and to correlate RDW and survival after surgery for pancreatic cancer.Methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected digital medical records of 254 pancreatic cancer patients, who had undergone surgery at a tertiary centre between 2002 and 2015. This was supplemented with data obtained from telephone conversations with the patients and/or their next of kin. Results: Higher RDW values were associated with advanced tumor stages 84.2% of patients with stage 3 cancer and 92.3% with stage 4 cancer had high RDW values. High values were significantly associated with lower survival. The mean duration of survival for people with normal values was 83 months while that for patients with higher values was significantly lower at 72 months. Conclusions: There appears to be a significant association between RDW and tumor stage in pancreatic cancer. RDW also correlates with the duration of survival in pancreatic cancer patients. Thus, it may be useful in predicting the clinical outcome in pancreatic cancer.
A study of common health problems and utilization of healthcare facilities among self-employed street vendors of Chandrapur district of Maharashtra
Authors: Meher Sonu R. , Ghatole Pushkar S. 
Published: June 2020

Background: In India, more than 90% of the workforce is engaged in the informal sector for their livelihoods. About 2-2.5% of the total urban population is involved in street vending, and out of the total urban population in the informal sector 14% is constituted of street vending. Unlike legalization, economic and working conditions of street vendors, there are little studies conducted to understand the health problems faced by them. Authors sought to study the common health problems and utilization of health care services among street vendors of Chandrapur district.Methods: It was a cross-sectional quantitative study. A total of 200 street vendors were purposively selected from four tehsils of the Chandrapur district and face to face interviews were conducted. Results: The common health problems among street vendors observed under this study were respiratory tract infections (32%), musculoskeletal problems (54.4%), gastrointestinal problems (18%), generalized weakness (12.7%), non-communicable diseases including hypertension, diabetes (26.6%). Among those who had suffered from these health problems, the majority (68%) utilized private healthcare facilities and 21% utilized public healthcare facilities.Conclusions: Though street vendors earn on daily basis, they seek healthcare services mostly from the private providers. This results in out-of-pocket expenditure for them. Therefore, it is essential to improve the overall quality of public healthcare facilities for curtailing the out of pocket expenditure. The study findings can be utilized to draw the attention of policymakers, in strategic planning the health care services for such low-income group.
Routine immunization services in the light of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Varughese Chinnu Sara , Shah Anuradha Kunal 
Published: June 2020

World immunisation week is observed every year in the last week of 24th April to 30th April. Many parts of the world are still reeling under the threats of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) and the importance of vaccination cannot be understated even in times of any other crisis. Worldwide, millions of children are saved from the grip of infectious diseases like polio and measles, and annually, around 2 to 3 million deaths are being averted. Routine immunization services, mass vaccination campaigns, catch up, and mop up sessions through outreach activities form part of the vaccine delivery strategies.
Morphometric study of abdominal aorta and its branches
Authors: Santhi Priya K D V , Aruna Kumari G 
Published: June 2020

A good knowledge on the morphology of abdominal aorta (AA) and its branch­es is important in diagnosis and surgical treatment. The aim of this study is to make morphometric measurements of AA and its branches. The present study was conducted on 50 AA that has been removed in autopsies and were measured with calipers morphometrically to determine diameter and distances between branches. The variations of the vessels were investigated and photographed.The mean diameter of AA was studied at various levels and recorded. The study showed a decrease in caliber from above to belowIn both sexes, diameter of Aorta above 40yrs age group is more than age group less than 40yrs. The average distance from CT-AB, CT-SMA, SMA-IMA and IMA-AB were measured as 10.92cm, 0.67cm, 4.9cm, 3.27cm, respectively.. Numerous variations were observed during the study which include absence of renal artery, origin of renal arteries one above the other, 3pairs of lumbar arteries etc.An expertiseknowledge in morphology of AA and its branches is crucial in the diagnosis, surgical treatment and endovascular interventions of these vessels.
Perception of new medical graduates on e-assessments conducted through Microsoft Team’s portal during the covid pandemic
Authors: Khan Galzie Saniyah , Imtiaz Rasool Qazi 
Published: June 2020

The effect of covid pandemic has left a vacuum effecting every field of life, with lots of question, especially on group meeting that including teaching at all levels. The impact of web-based assessment practices on the performance of undergraduate medical students is not widely studied. The modern digital global world provides e-assessment, contributing a crucial role and has powerful effects on student learning and their outcomes., , Designed e-assessments may even provide a scale to measure the progress and the effects on the outcome of institutions, including a tool to target the attention of students to focus on the learning outcomes. As e-learning includes various modes of communication both visual and audio in different formats i.e, animation, visual streaming; it motivates many e-learning processes, as it can be done in or out of the classroom, and has been proved an open-source web-based learning management system (LMS), managing the tools required for collaboration, communication, evaluation, and assessment for higher education. Online quizzes are methods for graded assessment that offers students an opportunity to gauge their level of performance on a topic including feedback to the faculty to make necessary changes in the ongoing curriculum. : 100 First-year medical students were registered and the dates for assessment and conducting of survey before and after was fixed. Thirty MCQ and SEQ from various sections of human physiology were preloaded on the Microsoft team’s portal, from the topics covered during pandemic live on net and the students used their devices to answer the questions within the stipulated time. The results were automatically loaded at the end of the assessment. Pre- and post-test survey were conducted to investigate the significance of the E-assessment. The students responded that the e-assessment was easy to assess, unique as they received immediate feedback, customized, and flexible. There was a significant difference in the post-test survey. Technology has created new methods of assessment for today’s generation of students, and these advances are here to stay. : It is possible to conduct online examinations in medical school regularly. The e learning can enhance student interests and allows immediate feedback. Since e learning is not well established in India, we hope to create awareness and change the outlook of medical students in the online teaching learning and assessment program.
Importance of the human cadaveric dissection for learning anatomy by the first year MBBS students – An observational study
Authors: Chaudhari Gunwant , Sonawane Monali , Singel T C 
Published: June 2020

Medical as well as paramedical students are first exposed to the subject of Anatomy and cadaveric dissection during commencement of their studies. The cadaveric dissection is said to be an essential component to the anatomy curriculum. In recent times, with advancing technologies newer methods of learning anatomy have also been introduced. The objective of the present study was to evaluate and understand the approach, understanding and views of the first year medical students towards the cadaveric dissection as well as its impact. This study was conducted on a cohort of the first year medical student, where a total of 324 students of first year MBBS were recruited and circulated a preset proforma of questions in the form of two separate questionnaires. The responses of the students were recorded and analyzed. It was observed that 97% of the students considered the cadaveric dissection an integral part of the anatomy curriculum. Majority of them were of the view that newer technologies are not superior to the traditional dissection. Various symptoms were found to be less prevalent amongst the students which could be the result of prior counseling. Cadaveric dissection remains an inseparable part of the first year anatomy curriculum. Students are of view that it is the best method to learn anatomy. Newer methods to learn anatomy could be additional aids to facilitate the anatomy learning, but cannot replace cadaveric dissection. Practice of counseling of the students before the first exposure to cadavers eases the emotional and physical impact up to a great extent.
Clinically significant observations of hepatic lobe morphology in adult human cadavers
Authors: Swathi Poornima C 
Published: June 2020

To determine and analyse clinically significant changes in hepatic lobe morphology. An observational study was conducted over 42 adult human livers which were acquired during routine dissections conducted for the first MBBS students over a period of two years (2017-2019) at Dr. PSIMS & RF. Macroscopic thorough examination of the liver specimens was done through borders, surfaces and changes the in parenchymatous tissue was duly documented and photographed. The common finding was prevalence of accessory fissures(50%) followed by pons hepatis (19%) which was identified as bridging the fissure for ligamentum teres(9.5%) and encapsulating the inferior vena cava in 9.5% of liver specimens. Accessory lobes account for a total of 16.6%,with incidence of Riedel's lobe being 7.1%. Tongue like process of left lobe were encountered in 9.5% specimens. Unique finding in the present study was of a liver specimen which had multiple variations on visceral, anterior and superior surfaces. Present study comprised of multiple variations in hepatic lobe morphology, which are of great clinical significance and are interest for radiologists and gastroenterologist. Studies on liver morphology would expand the knowledge for surgical inventions and help in preventing diagnostic errors in imaging techniques.
Interwoven relation between tattoo, alcohol and psychological components
Authors: M R Anitha , S Kotur Naveen , V Vijayanath 
Published: June 2020

The primary aim of this study is to examine the relationship between having tattoo and consumption of alcohol along with the anxiety and emotional diagnosis. As the literature supports to a certain extent but not confirmatory. To find out the use of alcohol and the method of having the tattoo and later removal of these tattoos. Tattoos correlation with having alcohol consumption, anxiety, emotional status, and regrets. This study was conducted in the community, those who are visiting to seek the help of professionals for their suggestions regarding having the tattoos. However, they have not been taking any medicine or prescription or procedure from the center where these samples have been collected. The study was conducted between January 2019 to June 2019. The results have significant values concerning the use of alcohol and having the tattoos in terms of its removal and from the source where they got these tattoo done. More to add the relation between anxiety and alcohol consumption concerning having a tattoo is alarming, especially in graduates and those belonging to the age group of 19-21. The results of the study are very much convincing with the hypothesis from which the study has been undertaken, concerning highly significant statistical value concerning those having tattoos and showing the anxiety features.: Many studies and hypotheses are pointing out the correlation between alcohol consumption and having the tattoo. But few had a clear report in proving the hypothesis whereas the majority were in dilemma to say confidently about the exact relationship. But in our study, it has shown many significant values which may be taken into account and looked for a large number of samples including from different ages, religion, and others to come to a correct conclusion.
Mensuration of articular facets of hip bone and its clinical implication
Authors: Motwani Rohini , Kishve Prajakta 
Published: June 2020

The vertebral column, sacrum, iliac bones and the lower limbs form a co-ordinated articular system with the two joints i.e., the hip joint and sacroiliac joint (SIJ). Our current understanding of biomechanics of this region is still quite inadequate, particularly with regard to multidirectional activities i.e. sports involving twisting and turning.We have examined 160 normal adult hip bones. In each hip bone the outline of symphyseal, auricular and lunate acetabular surface area was marked on tracing paper. The surface area was then measured by digital planimeter.An attempt has been made to correlate the various articular areas of hip bone and to find if any correlation exists between them applying Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient formula. The average surface area of auricular surface for the two sides was 9.88cm; that of lunate articular part of acetabulum 17.20cm and of pubis symphysis was found to be 2.60cm. Further, differences between the two sexes have also been evaluated. In general, all the surface areas were found to be larger in males and more on the right side as compared to left.There is a positive correlation seen between auricular and acetabular area; acetabular and symphyseal area and auricular and symphyseal area on both the sides. The findings of the present work can help in the better understanding of the normal kinematics of these joints and the resultant effects due to their dysfunction. Further it can help physiotherapists to properly plan out the treatment.
Conciliación trabajo – familia en mujeres ejecutivas de empresas privadas de la ciudad de Medellín
Authors: Orejuela Johnny , Vásquez Andrés , Lemos Mariantonia 
Published: June 2020

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender la experiencia de conciliación trabajo-familia en un grupo de mujeres ejecutivas de empresas privadas en la ciudad de Medellín. Este estudio cualitativo se basó en entrevistas en profundidad. Se descubrió que la conciliación trabajo-familia está influenciada por las horas de trabajo, las responsabilidades laborales, el estrés, los problemas familiares y las responsabilidades generales. Además, el trabajo invade la vida familiar y es difícil encontrar un equilibrio, a pesar de que las participantes utilizan estrategias como la organización, la planificación y una buena actitud para separar el trabajo de la familia y administrar su tiempo. Igualmente, la pasión por el trabajo parece mitigar el estrés laboral que influye en la familia. Si bien la flexibilidad laboral y los objetivos personales facilitan la conciliación, la falta de apoyo del empleador y la carga de trabajo lo impiden. En general, el liderazgo femenino es útil en una organización, sin embargo, las demandas de los puestos gerenciales impiden que las mujeres pasen tiempo con sus familias, tengan relaciones de calidad y cumplan con las responsabilidades familiares. Por lo tanto, es necesario que las empresas promuevan políticas que hagan posible la conciliación entre el trabajo y la familia.
Organella bezbłonowe a separacja faz ciecz-ciecz – metody ich badań
Authors: Tarczewska Aneta , Wycisk Krzysztof , Sozańska Nikola , Ożyhar Andrzej 
Published: June 2020

Organella bezbłonowe (MLOs, ang. membraneless organelles) stanowią sporą grupę kompartmentów wewnątrzkomórkowych formowanych na różnych etapach życia komórki. Są one niezbędnymi strukturami umożliwiającymi komórce pełnienie istotnych funkcji życiowych i właściwą odpowiedź na stres. MLOs obecne są zarówno w cytoplazmie jak i w innych organellach głównie w jądrze komórkowym. Powstają na drodze spontanicznej separacji faz ciecz‑ciecz (LLPS, ang. liquid-liquid phase separation) w odpowiedzi na zmieniające się czynniki fizykochemiczne mikrootoczenia. Składają się zarówno z białek które najczęściej posiadają regiony inherentnie nieuporządkowane (ang. intrinsically disordered regions, IDRs) jak i kwasów nukleinowych – głównie RNA. Niniejsza praca przedstawia informacje o biofizycznych podstawach formowania i funkcjonowania MLOs oraz zjawiska odpowiedzialnego za ich formowania, tj. LLPS. Zawiera także przegląd technik stosowanych w biochemii i biologii molekularnej, które za cel mają dostarczenie informacji o samoregulacji składu, struktury poszczególnych składników i ich lokalizacji oraz funkcjonalności danego MLO.
Coaxing as a Strategy to Deal with Ethical Issues in Community Home Care: An Ethnographic Study
Authors: Rasoal Dara 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The provision of home health care services increases as a desirable option in western society. Previous studies indicate that health care professionals encounter ethically difficult situations when providing home care services. There is a lack of studies describing ethically difficult situations through observation. This study aimed to explore ethical issues experienced by healthcare staff when providing community home care services.
Methods: Qualitative design, using the ethnographical approach. Data gathered as fieldwork in terms of memos, non-participant observation and informal interview with registered nurses (n=8), and nurse-assistants (n=4) during three weeks (in total 148 hours, 7am -5pm) .
Results: The result generated two main categories: 1) To balance stakeholders’ requirements, and, 2) Strategy to deal with ethical issues. Coxing was used as a strategy to deal with ethically difficult situations in patient care. The results showed that the complexity of the ethical issues is often related to personal values and organisational impact. The staff experienced need for a structured approach to assist them in identifying, analysing, and resolving ethical issues that arise in clinical practice. Health care organisations, personnel and patients are disagreed about values and choices that could lead to the best course of actions.
Conclusion: This study reveals that the ethically difficult situations in the context of community home care services are complex and are influencing the provision of care. The personnel enforced to find a balance between different expectations and from different stakeholders. To deal with these situations coaxing was used as a strategy for managing ethical issues.
THE ANONYMOUS TEACHERS’ FACTORS OF ASSESSING PARAGRAPH WRITING
Authors: Rahayu Endah Yulia 
Published: June 2020

Scoring writing is very subjective and mainly relies on a lot on teachers as raters. They play a significant role to meticulously carry out writing evaluations to adjudicate the linguistic and rhetorical features of their students' written responses. Based on the previous studies, the teachers’ factors of knowledge of basic writing assessment, efficacy in selecting assessment method, efficacy in scoring accuracy, and perception in practicing writing assessment can contribute a lot to the quality in teachers’ writing assessment. The 56 junior high school English teachers having at least five years of teaching experience, was invited to fill out the questionnaire and scoring paragraph writing. The results were examined with Multiple Linear Regression analysis. Amongst these factors, only the efficacy in scoring writing accuracy predicts the teachers’ scoring paragraph writing.