bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carotid Plaque With High-Risk Features in Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source
Authors: Kamtchum-Tatuene Joseph , Wilman Alan , Saqqur Maher , Shuaib Ashfaq , Jickling Glen C. 
Published: November 2019

Background and Purpose—
An ipsilateral mild carotid stenosis, defined as plaque with <50% luminal narrowing, is identified in nearly 40% of patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source and could represent an unrecognized source of atheroembolism. We aimed to summarize data about the frequency of mild carotid stenosis with high-risk features in embolic stroke of undetermined source.

Methods—
We searched Pubmed and Ovid-Embase for studies reporting carotid plaque imaging features in embolic stroke of undetermined source. The prevalence of ipsilateral and contralateral mild carotid stenosis with high-risk features was pooled using random-effect meta-analysis.

Results—
Eight studies enrolling 323 participants were included. The prevalence of mild carotid stenosis with high-risk features in the ipsilateral carotid was 32.5% (95% CI, 25.3–40.2) compared with 4.6% (95% CI, 0.1–13.1) in the contralateral carotid. The odds ratio of finding a plaque with high-risk features in the ipsilateral versus the contralateral carotid was 5.5 (95% CI, 2.5–12.0).

Conclusions—
Plaques with high-risk features are 5 times more prevalent in the ipsilateral compared with the contralateral carotid in embolic stroke of undetermined source, suggesting a relationship to stroke risk.
From Documents to Data Points: Marriage Registration and the Politics of Record-Keeping in British India (1880-1950)
Authors: Lhost Elizabeth 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn 1880, the British Government of India passed an act for appointing individuals to the office of qazi to perform and record Muslim marriages. The act, a product of legislative collaboration, framed marriage registration as a solution to countless problems related to marriage. As a result, qazis and their assistants (nāʾibs) in places like Meerut recorded thousands of marriages using enumerative categories mirroring those found in colonial records. Yet rather than solving the problems surrounding Muslim marriages, as the act intended, these registers turned marital events into administrative facts and invited further management of Muslim marriages in the twentieth century.
Being Asylum Seekers in Hong Kong
Authors: Kennedy Kerry J. , Wong Kin Loon , Ng Hoi-Yu 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Most discourse related to refugees has been and continues to be related to humanitarian issues. Yet, humanitarianism as a theoretical framing is no longer sufficient for understanding refugee-fuelled migration. The politics of such migration currently dominate policy discourse and Hong Kong is no exception. Asylum seekers continue to seek refuge in a city that neither wants them, nor is sympathetic towards them. The study reported here seeks to understand this context from the point of view of asylum seekers and their supporters in the community and offers an alternative theoretical framework that reflects Hong Kong asylum seekers’ experiences. A qualitative methodology was employed to understand the contexts and asylum seeker experiences. Results indicated that extraordinary institutional pressure is exerted on asylum seekers who cannot settle in Hong Kong but who, in the meantime, are forced to rely on inadequate social protection to survive.
Bursaphelenchus acaloleptae n. sp. sharing tree and beetle carrier hosts with B. luxuriosae Kanzaki & Futai, 2003 in Japan
Authors: Kanzaki Natsumi , Ekino Taisuke , Maehara Noritoshi , Aikawa Takuya , Giblin-Davis Robin M. 
Published: November 2019

Summary
Bursaphelenchus acaloleptae n. sp. is described and figured based upon its morphological characters and molecular profiles. The new species belongs to the xylophilus-group of the genus and is typologically characterised by its secretory-excretory pore being located slightly posterior to the median bulb, weakly tapering, relatively broad and straight female tail with variously shaped terminus, and rounded male bursal flap with squared terminus. The new species is phylogenetically and biologically closest to B. luxuriosae. These cryptic species share the host (habitat) tree species, Aralia elata (Araliaceae), the same carrier insect species, Acalolepta luxuriosa (Cerambycidae), and a characteristic phoretic adult form. However, the new species is typologically distinguished from all other xylophilus-group species by the combination of the above-mentioned characters and molecular profiles (SSU and LSU molecular barcodes). Further, B. acaloleptae n. sp. can be distinguished from its closest relative, B. luxuriosae, by mating experiments, i.e., these two species did not produce a viable F1 generation in reciprocal crossings, thereby confirming separate species status using the biological species concept.
Ḥadīṯ Scholar and Historiography: Some Reflections on the Sīra Corpora of Ibn Ḥibbān al-Bustī’s (d. 354/965) Kitāb al-Ṯiqāt
Authors: Bin Muhammad Yusoff Muhammad Fawwaz 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In a recent volume of the Encyclopaedia of Arabic Literature, Ibn Ḥibbān is credited as the author of the Kitāb al-Ṯiqāt, and is described as “a widely travelled traditionist and prolific writer.” The Kitāb al-Ṯiqāt is one of the most valuable sources for the study of the biographies of the transmitters of the ḥadīṯs over the first three centuries and is a record of medieval Islamicate history, even including non-ḥadīṯ transmission. The subject of the Kitāb al-Ṯiqāt is the Prophet’s sīra, the history of caliphs and kings, biographies of Companions, ḥadīṯ transmitters, legal theorists, theologians, and many others. In this brief article, an attempt is made to describe Ibn Ḥibbān’s approach to the sīra of the Prophet, in order to arrive at some general considerations on the relationship between ḥadīṯ studies and historiography. The tarāǧim (chapter titles) and narrative arrangement of the Kitāb al-Ṯiqāt give insight into Ibn Ḥibbān’s expositions, and demonstrate that his interest goes beyond the science of ḥadīṯ transmission.
Urban Levantine Dialectal Features and the Levantine-Mesopotamian Dialect Continuum in the Light of the Dialect of Damascus
Authors: Berlinches Ramos Carmen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Levantine-Mesopotamian dialect continuum is the result of important linguistic contacts through the centuries, and the existence of an Aramaic substrate in both areas.
The linguistic situation in the Levant today is extremely heterogeneous. Among the different vernaculars spoken there, Damascus Arabic has established itself as the model urban Levantine variety. Therefore, it is commonly heard in the media and easily understandable for speakers of other varieties of Arabic, inside and outside Syria.
This paper examines fourteen linguistic features of Damascus Arabic related to phonology, morphology, and syntax. Moreover, it compares them with urban varieties of the Levant and Mesopotamia (qǝltu), thus providing further evidence for the Levantine-Mesopotamian dialectal continuum. It also confirms the close relationship between different Levantine varieties—particularly the urban ones. Finally, it shows the difficulty in setting linguistic hallmarks for both the entire Levant and the Syro-Lebanese region, to which Damascus Arabic belongs.
Prophetic Resistance to Islam in Ninth-Century Córdoba: Paulus Alvarus and the Indiculus Luminosus
Authors: Sorber Andrew 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The Indiculus Luminosus has been discussed for its polemical depiction of Muḥammad, its author’s lament over the loss of Latinity in Umayyad Córdoba, or its relation to the so-called Córdoban Martyrs of the 850s. None of these, however, comprehends the purpose of the work as a whole. A layman, Paulus Alvarus, wrote the Indiculus in 854 CE to galvanize the Córdoban Christian elites to oppose Islam through public preaching and affirmation of their Christian identity without compromise. Asserting prophetic authority and appropriating ecclesiastical modes of discourse to engage and influence the elites of an early medieval society, Alvarus’s Indiculus provides a crucial, if idiosyncratic, witness to a time of profound cultural and religious change.
Assessing different diagnostic tests for gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Mengyu , Pandolfino John E. , Zhou Xuyu , Tan Niandi , Li Yuwen , Chen Minhu , Xiao Yinglian 
Published: November 2019

Background: The aim of the current systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) was to assess the diagnostic characteristics of the gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GERDQ), proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) test, baseline impedance, mucosal impedance, dilated intercellular spaces (DIS), salivary pepsin, esophageal pH/pH impedance monitoring and endoscopy for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Methods: We searched PubMed and the Cochrane Controlled Trial Register database (from inception to 10 April 2018) for studies assessing the diagnostic characteristics of the GERDQ, PPI test, baseline impedance, mucosal impedance, DIS, or salivary pepsin and esophageal pH/pH impedance monitoring/endoscopy in patients with GERD. Direct pairwise comparison and a NMA using Bayesian methods under random effects were performed. We also assessed the ranking probability. Results: A total of 40 studies were identified. The NMA found no significant difference among the baseline impedance, mucosal impedance, and esophageal pH/pH impedance monitoring and endoscopy in terms of both sensitivity and specificity. It was also demonstrated that the salivary pepsin detected by the Peptest device had comparable specificity to esophageal pH/pH impedance monitoring and endoscopy. Results of ranking probability indicated that esophageal pH/pH impedance monitoring and endoscopy had highest sensitivity and specificity, followed by mucosal impedance and baseline impedance, whereas GERDQ had the lowest sensitivity and PPI test had the lowest specificity. Conclusions: In a systematic review and NMA of studies of patients with GERD, we found that baseline impedance and mucosal impedance have relatively high diagnostic performance, similar to esophageal pH/pH impedance monitoring and endoscopy.
Effects of Compliance With Procedure-Specific Postoperative Rehabilitation Protocols on Initial Outcomes After Osteochondral and Meniscal Allograft Transplantation in the Knee
Authors: Rucinski Kylee , Cook James L. , Crecelius Cory R. , Stucky Renée , Stannard James P. 
Published: November 2019

Background: Osteochondral and meniscal allograft transplantation have been performed in the knee for more than 40 years, with the number of patients treated each year growing as allograft quantity and quality increase. To date, the effects of postoperative management on outcomes after these procedures have received relatively little focus in the peer-reviewed literature. Hypothesis: Compliance with the recommended postoperative management protocol will be associated with significantly higher initial success and significantly lower revision and failure rates for patients undergoing osteochondral and/or meniscal allograft transplantation in the knee. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients were prospectively enrolled into a dedicated registry designed to follow outcomes after osteochondral and/or meniscal allograft transplantation. Patients were included when at least 1 year of follow-up data were available, including data on complications and reoperations, patient-reported outcome measures, compliance with rehabilitation, revisions, or failures, based on the electronic medical record and communication logs with patients’ outpatient physical therapists. Results: For patients meeting the inclusion criteria (N = 162), compliance with the prescribed procedure-specific postoperative management protocol was associated with significantly higher 1- to 3-year success and significantly lower revision and failure rates. Specifically, patients who were compliant were 6.3 times less likely to need allograft revision or total knee arthroplasty and 7.5 times more likely to have a successful outcome at 1 to 3 years after osteochondral and/or meniscal allograft transplantation. In addition to noncompliance, older patient age and higher body mass index were associated with inferior short-term outcomes in this cohort. Conclusion: These data suggest that compliance with procedure-specific postoperative rehabilitation protocols is associated with higher success, lower revision, and lower failure rates for patients undergoing osteochondral and meniscal allograft transplantation. Given these results showing the importance of these modifiable risk factors, our center has devoted resources to preoperative patient assessment and communication to provide education, set appropriate expectations, identify and address modifiable risk factors, impediments, and noncompliance, and monitor and adjust postoperative care as indicated.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Wire + Arc Additively Manufactured 2050 Al–Li Alloy Wall Deposits
Authors: Zhong Hao , Qi Bojin , Cong Baoqiang , Qi Zewu , Sun Hongye 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAluminum–Lithium (Al–Li) alloy is a topic of great interest owing to its high strength and light weight, but there are only a few applications of Al–Li alloy in wire + arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process. To identify its feasibility in WAAM process, a special AA2050 Al–Li alloy wire was produced and employed in the production of straight-walled components, using a WAAM system based on variable polarity gas tungsten arc welding (VP-GTAW) process. The influence of post-deposited heat treatment on the microstructure and property of the deposit was investigated using optical micrographs (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), hardness and tensile properties tests. Results revealed that the microstructures of AA2050 aluminum deposits varied with their location layers. The upper layers consisted of fine equiaxed grains, while the bottom layer exhibited a coarse columnar structure. Mechanical properties witnessed a significant improvement after post-deposited heat treatment, with the average micro-hardness reaching 141HV and the ultimate tensile strength exceeding 400 MPa. Fracture morphology exhibited a typical ductile fracture.
Are there shared neural correlates between dyslexia and ADHD? A meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies
Authors: McGrath Lauren M. , Stoodley Catherine J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Dyslexia and Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are highly comorbid neurodevelopmental disorders (estimates of 25–40% bidirectional comorbidity). Previous work has identified strong genetic and cognitive overlap between the disorders, but neural overlap is relatively unexplored. This study is a systematic meta-analysis of existing voxel-based morphometry studies to determine whether there is any overlap in the gray matter correlates of both disorders.

Methods
We conducted anatomic likelihood estimate (ALE) meta-analyses of voxel-based morphometry studies in which individuals with dyslexia (15 studies; 417 cases, 416 controls) or ADHD (22 studies; 898 cases, 763 controls) were compared to typically developing controls. We generated ALE maps for dyslexia vs. controls and ADHD vs. controls using more conservative (p < .001, k = 50) and more lenient (p < .005, k = 50) thresholds. To determine the overlap of gray matter correlates of dyslexia and ADHD, we examined the statistical conjunction between the ALE maps for dyslexia vs. controls and ADHD vs. controls (false discovery rate [FDR] p < .05, k = 50, 5000 permutations).

Results
Results showed largely distinct gray matter differences associated with dyslexia and ADHD. There was no evidence of statistically significant gray matter overlap at our conservative threshold, and only one region of overlap in the right caudate at our more lenient threshold. Reduced gray matter in the right caudate may be relevant to shared cognitive correlates in executive functioning and/or procedural learning. The more general finding of largely distinct regional differences in gray matter between dyslexia and ADHD suggests that other neuroimaging modalities may be more sensitive to overlapping neural correlates, and that current neuroimaging recruitment approaches may be hindering progress toward uncovering neural systems associated with comorbidity.

Conclusions
The current study is the first to meta-analyze overlap between gray matter differences in dyslexia and ADHD, which is a critical step toward constructing a multi-level understanding of this comorbidity that spans the genetic, neural, and cognitive levels of analysis.
Genome-wide association mapping of gene loci affecting disease resistance in the rice-Fusarium fujikuroi pathosystem
Authors: Chen Szu-Yu , Lai Ming-Hsin , Tung Chih-Wei , Wu Dong-Hong , Chang Fang-Yu , Lin Tsung-Chun , Chung Chia-Lin 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Rice bakanae disease has emerged as a new threat to rice production. In recent years, an increase in the occurrence and severity of bakanae disease has been reported in several areas in Asia. Although bakanae disease affects rice yield and quality, little is known about the genetics of bakanae resistance in rice. The lack of large-scale screens for bakanae resistance in rice germplasm has also limited the development and deployment of resistant varieties.

Results
A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to identify genes/loci conferring bakanae resistance in rice. A total of 231 diverse accessions from Rice Diversity Panel 1 (RDP1) were inoculated with a highly virulent Taiwanese Fusarium fujikuroi isolate and assessed for resistance using two parameters: (1) disease severity index based on visual rating and (2) colonization rate determined by reisolation of F. fujikuroi from the basal stems of infected rice seedlings. We identified 14 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) (10 for disease severity and 4 for colonization rate), including 1 mapped for both parameters. A total of 206 candidate genes were identified within the 14 QTLs, including genes encoding leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-containing and NB-ARC (nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by APAF-1, R proteins, and CED-4) proteins, hormone-related genes, transcription factor genes, ubiquitination-related genes, and oxidase/oxidoreductase genes. In addition, a candidate QTL (qBK1.7) that co-localized with the previously identified QTLs qBK1 and qFfR1, was verified by linkage analysis using a population of 132 recombinant inbred lines derived from IR64 x Nipponbare. GWAS delineated qBK1.7 to a region of 8239 bp containing three genes. Full-length sequencing across qBK1.7 in 20 rice accessions revealed that the coding regions of two LRR-containing genes Os01g0601625 and Os01g0601675 may be associated with bakanae resistance.

Conclusions
This study facilitates the exploitation of bakanae resistance resources in RDP1. The information on the resistance performance of 231 rice accessions and 14 candidate QTLs will aid efforts to breed resistance to bakanae and uncover resistance mechanisms. Quantification of the level of F. fujikuroi colonization in addition to the conventional rating of visual symptoms offers new insights into the genetics of bakanae resistance.
Multiple transcription factors co-regulate the Mycobacterium tuberculosis adaptation response to vitamin C
Authors: Nandi Malobi , Sikri Kriti , Chaudhary Neha , Mande Shekhar Chintamani , Sharma Ravi Datta , Tyagi Jaya Sivaswami 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Latent tuberculosis infection is attributed in part to the existence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a persistent non-replicating dormant state that is associated with tolerance to host defence mechanisms and antibiotics. We have recently reported that vitamin C treatment of M. tuberculosis triggers the rapid development of bacterial dormancy. Temporal genome-wide transcriptome analysis has revealed that vitamin C-induced dormancy is associated with a large-scale modulation of gene expression in M. tuberculosis.

Results
An updated transcriptional regulatory network of M.tuberculosis (Mtb-TRN) consisting of 178 regulators and 3432 target genes was constructed. The temporal transcriptome data generated in response to vitamin C was overlaid on the Mtb-TRN (vitamin C Mtb-TRN) to derive insights into the transcriptional regulatory features in vitamin C-adapted bacteria. Statistical analysis using Fisher’s exact test predicted that 56 regulators play a central role in modulating genes which are involved in growth, respiration, metabolism and repair functions. Rv0348, DevR, MprA and RegX3 participate in a core temporal regulatory response during 0.25 h to 8 h of vitamin C treatment. Temporal network analysis further revealed Rv0348 to be the most prominent hub regulator with maximum interactions in the vitamin C Mtb-TRN. Experimental analysis revealed that Rv0348 and DevR proteins interact with each other, and this interaction results in an enhanced binding of DevR to its target promoter. These findings, together with the enhanced expression of devR and Rv0348 transcriptional regulators, indicate a second-level regulation of target genes through transcription factor- transcription factor interactions.

Conclusions
Temporal regulatory analysis of the vitamin C Mtb-TRN revealed that there is involvement of multiple regulators during bacterial adaptation to dormancy. Our findings suggest that Rv0348 is a prominent hub regulator in the vitamin C model and large-scale modulation of gene expression is achieved through interactions of Rv0348 with other transcriptional regulators.
Atypical presentation of hemorrhagic shock in pregnancy: a case highlighting the developing field of emergency medicine in Israel
Authors: Berzon Baruch , Gleenberg Michael , Offenbacher Joseph , West Debra 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Occult hemorrhagic shock secondary to uterine rupture represents a true obstetric emergency and can result in significant morbidity and mortality for both the patient and the fetus. Multiparity and prior cesarean sections are known risk factors. Typically, these patients present late in gestation, often secondary to the physiologic stresses on the uterus related to contractions. This pathology is less common earlier in pregnancy and can often be overlooked in the acute setting.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 31-year-old female with three prior gestations, two parities and two prior cesarean sections, resulting in three live births, who presented to the Emergency Department (ED) 22-weeks pregnant with acute onset dyspnea and an episode of syncope. Due to her altered mental status there was concern for occult shock, despite normal vital signs. Large amounts of free fluid in the abdomen were noted on bedside ultrasonography with a high suspicion for uterine pathology. She was resuscitated with blood and taken immediately to the operating room for surgical management where she was found to have had a uterine rupture.

Conclusion
This case highlights a rare presentation of a well-known obstetric emergency, due to the patient’s development of uterine rupture early in gestation. Consequently, emergency physicians should consider atraumatic hypovolemic shock, secondary to this obstetric catastrophe, even at a stage that far precedes its expected presentation. In addition, we make note of how this case validated our department’s integrated emergency medicine model, the first in the State of Israel.