bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Windowless Q‐factor tomography by the instantaneous frequency
Authors: Vesnaver A. , Böhm G. , Cance P. , Dal Cin M. , Gei D. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTThe estimation of the Q factor of rocks by seismic surveys is a powerful tool for reservoir characterization, as it helps detecting possible fractures and saturating fluids. Seismic tomography allows building 3D macro‐models for the Q factor, using methods as the spectral ratio and the frequency shift. Both these algorithms require windowing the seismic signal accurately in the time domain; however, this process can hardly follow the continuous variations of the wavelet length as a function of offset and propagation effects, and it is biased by the interpreter choice. In this paper, we highlight some drawback of signal windowing in the frequency‐shift method, and introduce a tomographic approach to estimate the Q factor using the complex attributes of the seismic trace. We show that such approach is particularly needed when the dispersion is broadening the waveforms of signals with a long wave‐path. Our method still requires an interpretative event picking, but no other parameters as the time window length and its possible smoothing options. We validate the new method with synthetic and real data examples, involving the joint tomographic inversion of direct and reflected signals. We show that a calibration of the frequency‐shift method is needed to improve the estimation of the absolute Q factor, otherwise only relative contrasts are obtained.
Life‐history genomic regions explain differences in Atlantic salmon marine diet specialization
Authors: Aykanat Tutku , Rasmussen Martin , Ozerov Mikhail , Niemelä Eero , Paulin Lars , Vähä Juha‐Pekka , Hindar Kjetil , Wennevik Vidar , Pedersen Torstein , Svenning Martin‐A. , Primmer Craig R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAnimals employ various foraging strategies along their ontogeny to acquire energy, and with varying degree of efficiencies, to support growth, maturation and subsequent reproduction events. Individuals that can efficiently acquire energy early are more likely to mature at an earlier age, as a result of faster energy gain which can fuel maturation and reproduction.We aimed to test the hypothesis that heritable resource acquisition variation that covaries with efficiency along the ontogeny would influence maturation timing of individuals.To test this hypothesis, we utilized Atlantic salmon as a model which exhibits a simple, hence trackable, genetic control of maturation age. We then monitored the variation in diet acquisition (quantified as stomach fullness and composition) of individuals with different ages, and linked it with genomic regions (haploblocks) that were previously identified to be associated with age‐at‐maturity.Consistent with the hypothesis, we demonstrated that one of the life‐history genomic regions tested (six6) was indeed associated with age‐dependent differences in stomach fullness. Prey composition was marginally linked tosix6, and suggestively (but non‐significantly) tovgll3genomic regions. We further showed Atlantic salmon switched to the so‐called ‘feast and famine’ strategy along the ontogeny, where older age groups exhibited heavier stomach content, but that came at the expense of running on empty more often.These results suggest genetic variation underlying resource utilization may explain the genetic basis of age structure in Atlantic salmon. Given that ontogenetic diet has a genetic component and the strong spatial diversity associated with these genomic regions, we predict populations with diverse maturation age will have diverse evolutionary responses to future changes in marine food web structures.
Serial ultrasonographic monitoring of diaphragmatic and mid‐upper arm muscle thickness in mechanically ventilated respiratory patients: A single‐center observational study
Authors: Thabet Duaa B. , Makhlouf Hoda A. , Hasan Ali A. , Mekkawy Ahmed I. , Ghanem Maha K. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIntroductionMuscle monitoring during mechanical ventilation (MV) is gaining great interest nowadays; however, a proper monitoring tool is not well‐established yet.ObjectivesTo assess the role of ultrasound in muscle monitoring during MV in respiratory patients.MethodsEligible 68 mechanically ventilated patients were consecutively enrolled. Serial ultrasound measurements of diaphragmatic thickness at the end of inspiration (Tdi) and mid‐upper arm (MUA) muscle thickness were recorded every other day till weaning. Before discharge, functional status score (FSS) was assessed.ResultsTdi decreased in 72.1%, did not change in 13.2% and increased in 14.7% of the patients. MUA muscle thickness decreased in 47.17% and did not change in others. Significant correlation between Tdi and MUA muscle thickness change was found (r = 0.404, P = 0.001); however, MUA muscle thickness change could not predict Tdi change (B = 0.067, P = 0.059).Diaphragmatic and MUA thickness change showed significant negative correlation with ICU stay (r = −0.260, −0.647, P = 0.032, <0.001) and MV duration (r = −0.335, −0.596, P = 0.005, <0.001), respectively. Weaning failure was significantly higher among patients with decreased Tdi (64.28%) and FSS was significantly lower in those with decreased MUA muscle thickness.US measurements of Tdi and MUA muscle thickness showed excellent intra‐observer (ICC = 0.996, 0.999, P < 0.001) and inter‐observer agreement (ICC = 0.992, 0.998, P < 0.001), respectively.ConclusionSonographic muscle monitoring during MV is promising. Changes in the diaphragmatic thickness during MV are common and weakly related to those of peripheral muscles. Early decreased muscle thickness heralds poor weaning and functional outcome.
Comparison of oral versus intravenous etoposide in the management of small‐cell lung cancer; A real‐world, population‐based study
Authors: Karachiwala Hatim , Tilley Derek , Abdel‐Rahman Omar , Morris Don 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe looked at the utility of PO versus IV etoposide for first‐line treatment in combination with a platinum agent (cisplatin/carboplatin) for Small‐Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC).MethodsPatients with SCLC in Alberta from 2008 to 2015 were identified through the registry. Patients were separated on the basis of stage; limited disease (LD) and extensive disease (ED). Chemotherapy naïve patients receiving one cycle of combination chemotherapy, route of etoposide administration, dose reductions and vital status was noted. Survival was assessed using log‐rank method and Kaplan‐Meyer modelResultsAbout 2066 patients were identified with SCLC. N = 762 were diagnosed with LD and n = 1264 with ED. Patient characteristics were well balanced between age and sex among the two treatment groups.LS‐SCLC: No statistically significant difference in overall survival (OS) between IV versus PO Etoposide (17.5 months vs 17.9 months). More dose reductions were seen in the PO group as compared to the IV group (32.5% vs 21.9% P = 0.095).ES‐SCLC: There was a nonsignificant numerical difference in OS in IV versus PO Etoposide (8.7 months vs 9.7 months P = 0.124). More dose reductions were noted in the PO group as compared to the IV group (35.3% vs 21.1%).ConclusionThe two dosing schemes (PO and IV) yield similar OS in ES and LS SCLC, however, patients in the PO arm did require more dose modifications.Suggesting that PO etoposide may be equivalent and lead to similar outcomes as IV, however, more toxic but saving the patients multiple visits to the chemotherapy suite. Further analyses on cost efficacy and quality of life are required.
Using A Culturally Safe Creative Writing Programme to Empower and Heal Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Men in Prison
Authors: MARCHETTI ELENA , NICHOLSON BARBARA 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInterviews with 30 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander male prisoners who attended a culturally safe creative writing programme entitled ‘Dreaming Inside: Voices from the Junee Correctional Centre’, are used to explore how (re)connecting to culture can help improve social and emotional well‐being, and how the power of being heard and being able to express feelings and thoughts through poetry and storytelling, can help heal deep‐seated emotional trauma and grief. This article addresses a gap in research and theory regarding what types of prison programmes may be of greatest benefit for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander prisoners.
A Digital Esthetic Rehabilitation of a Patient with Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II: A Clinical Report
Authors: Shi Shi , Li Ning , Jin Xiaoting , Huang Shengbin , Ma Jianfeng 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA 19‐year‐old female affected by dentinogenesis imperfecta type II (DI‐II), a genetic disease that affects the structural integrity of the dentin, presented with a chief complaint of discolored teeth. For this patient, digital techniques, including digital smile design (DSD), the ARCUSdigma axiograph and computer‐aided design/computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), were extensively used in all phases of the rehabilitation process. Compared to traditional analog methods, these digital techniques could reduce the constant confirmation of occlusion, promote communication between clinicians and dental technicians, achieve accurate occlusion with relatively high efficiency, and improve the efficacy of esthetic rehabilitation in the treatment of this patient with DI‐II.
Diagnostic criteria using microfacies for calcareous contourites, turbidites and pelagites in the Eocene–Miocene slope succession, southern Cyprus
Authors: Hüneke Heiko , Hernández‐Molina F. Javier , Rodríguez‐Tovar Francisco J. , Llave Estefanía , Chiarella Domenico , Mena Anxo , Stow Dorrik A. V. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInterbedded contourites, turbidites and pelagites are commonplace in many deep‐water slope environments. However, the distinction between these different facies remains a source of controversy. This detailed study of calcareous contourites and associated deep‐marine facies from an Eocene–Miocene sedimentary succession on Cyprus clearly documents the diagnostic value of microfacies in this debate. In particular, the variability of archetypical bi‐gradational contourite sequences and their internal subdivision (bedding, layering and lamination) are explored. Contourites can be distinguished from turbidites, pelagites and hemipelagites by means of carbonate microfacies in combination with bed‐scale characteristics. Particle composition provides valuable information on sediment provenance. Depositional texture, determined by the ratio between carbonate mud and bioclasts, is crucial for identifying bi‐gradational sequences in both muddy and sandy contourites, and normally‐graded sequences in turbidite beds. Equally important are the type and preservation of traction structures, as well as the temporality and impact of bioturbation. Shell fragmentation under conditions of increased hydrodynamic agitation (textural inversion) is recognized as a carbonate‐specific feature of bioclastic sandy contourites.
Pt Nanoparticles Decorated on Fe2O3/N, P-Doped Mesoporous Carbon for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Activity and Durability
Authors: Ravichandran Sabarinathan , Bhuvanendran Narayanamoorthy , Peng Kai , Zhang Weiqi , Xu Qian , Su Huaneng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The Pt–Fe2O3 nanoparticles embedded over N, P-doped carbon (Pt–Fe2O3/NPC) was successfully synthesized by chemical reduction method demonstrating an enhanced electrocatalytic efficacy in alkaline media toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The surface morphology of Pt–Fe2O3/NPC has been characterized by electron microscopy scanning, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy transmission, Raman spectra, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The ORR electrocatalytic activity of Pt–Fe2O3/NPC was found to be the superior mass activity of 0.120 mA µg−1, which are almost twice higher than those for Pt–Fe2O3/VC (0.068 mA µg−1) and Pt/C (0.061 mA µg−1) catalysts. The durability tests revealed that the Pt–Fe2O3/NPC exhibited enhanced stability observed from the order of electrochemical active surface area (ECA) loss determined as Pt–Fe2O3/NPC (45.67%) &lt;Pt–Fe2O3/VC (62.5%) &lt;(Pt/C (72.13%) after 5000 cycles. This present investigation unveiled a facile approach to develop the number of active sites with the combination between P–Fe2O3 and N, P-doped carbon for improved electrocatalytic performance toward ORR.
Weighted Internal Model Control-Proportional Integral Derivative Control Scheme Via Fractional Gradient Descent Algorithm
Authors: Jain Shivam , Hote Yogesh V. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
An adaptive controller design technique based on internal model control (IMC) scheme is proposed in this paper. Multiple IMC controllers having different values of filter time constants and exhibiting widely different performance are combined via weight update rule. The weight update rule, formulated via convex combination of integral and fractional order gradient descent algorithms, assigns time varying weights to individual candidate controllers to obtain an enhanced performance over the individual candidate controllers. The beauty of the proposed technique is that it employs the simplicity of one degree-of-freedom (1DOF) IMC structure to achieve an improved performance over existing 2DOF control schemes. The efficacy of the proposed technique is demonstrated via three illustrative examples and via experimental validation on the hardware setup of dc servosystem. An extensive comparative analysis in terms of simulation plots and performance indices offers a testimony to the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
Bipartite Consensus Control for a Swarm of Robots
Authors: Liu Jun , Li Hengyu , Ji Jinchen , Luo Jun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper studies the bipartite consensus problem of a swarm of robots whose dynamics are formulated by Lagrangian equations. Two distributed bipartite consensus control protocols are proposed for a swarm of robots without a leader or with a virtual leader. For the nonleader case, the networked Lagrangian system can reach static bipartite consensus under the control protocol developed, and the final convergent states can be explicitly determined by the specific structure of the Laplacian matrix associated with the cooperative–competitive network topology. For the virtual leader case, all the followers can track the leader's state in a bipartite formation to realize bipartite tracking consensus. Finally, the simulation results are given to verify the theoretical results.
Eco-Driving of Connected and Automated Vehicle With Preceding Driver Behavior Prediction
Authors: Ozkan Mehmet Fatih , Ma Yao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The development of vehicle connectivity and autonomy in the ground transportation sector is not only able to enhance traffic safety and driving comfort as well as fuel economy. This study presents a receding-horizon optimization-based control strategy integrated with the preceding vehicle speed prediction model to achieve an eco-driving strategy for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). In the real traffic scenario where the CAV follows the preceding vehicle on the road, a gated recurrent unit (GRU) network is used to predict the behavior of the preceding vehicle by utilizing the historical inter-vehicle information collected through on-board sensors. Then, a nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) algorithm is adopted for CAV to minimize the accumulated fuel consumption within the preview horizon. The NMPC approach solves the fuel-optimal speed profile of the CAV, considering a predicted short-term speed preview of the preceding vehicle. With the awareness of the preview speed conditions, the fuel consumption of the CAV is reduced by avoiding unnecessary braking and acceleration, especially during transient traffic conditions. The Pareto front framework is used to examine a trade-off between the vehicle speed prediction accuracy, computational burden, and the fuel consumption of the CAV in the proposed GRU-NMPC design. To analyze the effectiveness of the GRU-NMPC design, adaptive cruise control with constant time headway policy (ACC-CTH) is adopted as a benchmark control design. Comparison results show significant fuel economy improvement of the proposed design and expose possible fuel benefits from vehicle autonomy and sensor fusion technology.
Fatigue Life of Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu Solder Alloy Under Combined Cyclic Shear and Constant Tensile/Compressive Loads
Authors: Dale Travis , Singh Yuvraj , Bernander Ian , Subbarayan Ganesh , Handwerker Carol , Su Peng , Glasauer Bernard 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Solder joints in electronic assemblies experience damage due to cyclic thermomechanical loading that eventually leads to fatigue fracture and electrical failure. While solder joints in smaller, die-sized area-array packages largely experience shear fatigue due to thermal expansion mismatch between the component and the substrate, larger area-array packages experience a combination of cyclic shear and axial tensile/compressive loads due to flexure of the substrate. Additionally, on larger processor packages, the attachment of heatsinks further exacerbates the imposed axial loads, as does package warpage. With the increase in size of packages due to 2.5D heterogeneous integration, the above additional axial loads can be significant. Thus, there exists a critical need to understand the impact on fatigue life of solder joints with superposed compressive/tensile loads on the cyclic shear loads. In this paper, we describe a carefully constructed multi-axial microprecision mechanical tester as well as fatigue test results on Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu (SAC305) solder joints subjected to controlled cyclic shear and constant compressive/tensile loads. The tester design allows one to apply cyclic shear loads up to 200 N while maintaining a constant axial load of up to 38 N in tension or compression. The tester is capable of maintaining the axial load to within a tolerance of ±0.5 N during the entirety of fatigue experiment. Carefully constructed test specimens of Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu solder joints were isothermally fatigued under systematically increased compressive and tensile loads imposed on the test specimen subject to repeated loading (R = 0) under lap-shear. In general, the imposition of the superposed compressive load increases the fatigue life of the solder joint compared to application of pure cyclic shear, while the imposition of the superposed tensile load decreases the fatigue life. At larger compressive loads, friction between fractured surfaces is responsible for significant energy dissipation during the cyclic load–unload cycles.
A Review of Manufacturing Process Control
Authors: Landers Robert G. , Barton Kira , Devasia Santosh , Kurfess Thomas , Pagilla Prabhakar , Tomizuka Masayoshi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSmart manufacturing concepts are being integrated into all areas of manufacturing industries, from the device level (e.g., intelligent sensors) to the efficient coordination of business units. Vital components of any manufacturing enterprise are the processes that transform raw materials into components, assemblies, and finally products. It is the manufacturing process where smart manufacturing is poised to make substantial impact through process control, i.e., the intelligent manipulation of process variables to increase operation productivity and part quality. This article discusses three areas of manufacturing process control: control-oriented modeling, sensing and monitoring, and the design and construction of controllers. The discussion will center around the following manufacturing processes: machining, grinding, forming, joining, and additive. While many other important processes exist, the discussions of control of these mechanical manufacturing processes will form a framework commonly applied to these processes and the discussion will form a framework to provide insights into the modeling, monitoring, and control of manufacturing processes more broadly. Conclusions from these discussions will be drawn, and future research directions in manufacturing process control will be provided. This article acknowledges the contributions of two of the pioneering researchers in this field, Dr. Yoram Koren and Dr. Galip Ulsoy, who have made seminal contributions in manufacturing process control and continued to build the body of knowledge over the course of many decades.
Toward a Mechanistic Model of Stress Corrosion Cracking in PHWR Fuel Sheaths
Authors: Oussoren Andrew , Chan Paul , Wowk Diane , Prudil Andrew 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This work builds on the iodine-induced stress corrosion cracking (ISCC) model of Lewis and Kleczek by integrating the fuel performance model fuel and sheath modeling tool (FAST) to provide thermal and mechanical analysis of the fuel sheath, which was previously required as input parameters. The iodine transport methodology of the Lewis–Kleczek model has been modified to utilize the more mechanistic diffusion model in FAST, and an empirical surface multiplier term has been derived to predict iodine release rates under normal operating conditions based on measured release rates from in-reactor sweep gas tests. A fracture mechanics analysis is implemented using threshold stress intensity values and crack growth rates reported in literature. A correlation to predict crack initiation has been derived by analysis of a database of power histories with known ISCC defects. This correlation is based on the change in sheath hoop strain during a power ramp and is shown to be more accurate at discerning failure versus nonfailure than the correlations used in the previous Lewis–Kleczek model and FUELOGRAMS. Failure time prediction of the model is compared against power ramp test FFO-104 performed at the National Research Experimental (NRX) reactor. Fuel failure is predicted to occur 27% faster than experimentally measured; failure time is explored in a series of sensitivity studies to suggest areas for further development. The model improvements represent a step forward in the mechanistic modeling of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in pressurized heavy water reactor (PHWR) nuclear fuel.
A Randomized Study on the Effects of Minds in Motion and Yoga on Motor Proficiency and Academic Skills Among Elementary School Children
Authors: Terson de Paleville Daniela G.L. , Immekus Jason C. 
Published: August 2020

Background: Physical activity is critical for the healthy development and well-being of children. Specifically, physical activity is associated with improvements in coordination, balance, attention, and behavior among elementary school-aged children. However, for many children, particularly those belonging to minority groups, opportunities to engage in quality physical activity programs outside school settings are limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the whether a physical activity program called Minds in Motion (MiM) The Maze before school, as compared with yoga, meets the criteria of the Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program framework as a before-school program to improve overall physical activity and academic performance among elementary school-age students. Methods: A total of 48 children attending an urban public school with large minority representation in the Midwest were randomly assigned to MiM-The Maze or yoga. Participants were assessed on motor proficiency, behavior, balance, and academic skills before and after training. Training consisted of either yoga or MiM-The Maze 30 minutes per day before school, 5 times per week for 12 weeks. Results: MiM-The Maze and yoga group students showed significant improvements in academic skills. Conclusions: MiM-The Maze is feasible and affordable before-school program to promote students’ classroom behavior in elementary school students.