bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The added value of chest high-resolution CT findings of Corona Virus Disease 2019 in predicting severity of disease
Authors: Zhou Jie , Cao Jie , Xiang Ziyun , Cai Hanshou , Zhu Yuhui , Zhang Heng , Huang Xu , Ma Wanling 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze chest thin-section high-resolution CT (HRCT) findings for 32 patients with Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and clarify the correlation between CT data and laboratory results. 30 patients presented with abnormal initial CT scans. Of 30 patients, COVID-19 showed the involvement of bilateral lungs in 24 (80%), involvement of more than two lobes in 24 (80%), ground-glass opacities without consolidation in 27 (90%), ground-glass opacities with consolidation in 23 (76.7%), opacities with irregular intralobular lines in 26 (86.7%), opacities with round morphology in 25 (83.3%), and peripheral distribution in 30 (100%). Pleural effusion or mediastinal lymphadenopathy was relatively rare manifestations. Rapidly progression of the disease demonstrated by increasing number and range of ground glass opacities and appearance of consolidations at follow-up CT images in two patients. The CT lung severity score and No. of lobes involved were negatively correlated with lymphocyte count(r=-0.363, P=0.041; r=-0.367, P=0.039, respectively). Chest HRCT of COVID-19 predominantly manifests multiple, round, ground glass opacities with irregular intralobular lines, and peripheral distribution of bilateral lungs. HRCT is a potential tool for early screening, assessing progress, and predicting disease severity of COVID-19.Authors Jie Zhou and Jie Cao contributed equally to this work and are co-first authors.
High glucose aggravates lipid deposition in glomerular endothelial cells by LXRs/LncRNAOR13C9/ABCA1 pathway
Authors: Xiao Shumin , Wang Yao , Zhou Saijun , Zhang Rui , Liu Hongyan , Lin Yao , Yu Pei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Lipid metabolism disorder is closely related to diabetic nephropathy (DN), but the mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high glucose on intracellular accumulation of lipids and to clarify the possible mechanism. Methods We found that in human glomerular endothelial cells (GEnCs), cholesterol could reduce cell activity, lead to abnormal lipid deposition in cells and high glucose can aggravate lipid deposition under high cholesterol load. Results CCK8 showed that soluble cholesterol could reduce GEnCs cells activity. Oil red O staining and cholesterol quantification experiment showed that the intracellular lipid deposition did not obvious after the intervention of high glucose (HG), but the intracellular lipid deposition increased under HG combined with high cholesterol (HC). The results of RT-qPCR,WB and immunofluorescence experiment showed the expression of ABCA1 in HC group increased significantly. However, compared with the HC group, the expression of ABCA1in the HG and HC group were decreased. And then we found HG affected ABCA1 up-regulation by LXRs. Based on Gene Microarray, we found that LXRs regulation of ABCA1 transcription requires the involvement of LncRNAOR13C9. Conclusions HG could enhance intracellular lipid deposition by interfering with cellular response to HC to up-regulate the expression of ABCA1, and HG blocked the expression of ABCA1 by down-regulating LXRs, and LncRNAOR13C9 also played an important role in this process. It further elucidate the pathogenesis of DN and provide a new target for the prevention and treatment of DN.
Circulating miR-660-5p is associated with no-reflow phenomenon in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: zhang jian-wei , Hu Cheng-ping , Zhao Ying-xin , He Ling-jie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background No-reflow phenomenon (NRP) is an important factor affecting the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). This study aims to investigate the association of circulating miR-660-5p with NRP in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing PPCI. Methods 52 eligible consecutive patients diagnosed with anterior STEMI within 12h of pain onset, which coronary angiography confirms that infarct-related artery is left anterior descending artery (LAD), were included in this study. Angiographic NRP is define as the final TIMI flow of 2 or the final TIMI flow of 3 with myocardial blush grade (MBG) of <2.Effect of circulating miR-660-5p on NRP was assessed using Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results The incidence of NRP was 38.5%. Patients with higher miR-660-5p levels have significantly higher incidence of coronary NRP. At multivariable analysis, circulating miR-660-5p remained an independent predictor of NRP (odds ratio [OR]=1.34, 95%CI 1.10 to 1.63, p=0.004). Patients in higher microRNA-660-5p levels group have almost a 6-fold higher risk of NRP than that in lower microRNA-660-5p group (OR=5.68, 95%CI 1.40 to 23.07, p=0.015). When analyzed by tertiles, consistent trends of increasing relative odds of NRP were reported (OR1 for Q2 VS. Q1: 1.25,95%CI: 0.27-5.73, p=0.77;OR2 for Q3 VS. Q1: 5.96,95%CI: 1.33-26.66, p=0.02). Circulating miR-660-5p was related to MPV significantly. Conclusion Circulating miR-660-5p is an independent predictor of NRP in STEMI patients undergoing PPCI.
Predictive value of vascular endothelial growth factor and placenta growth factor for morbidly adherent placenta among women with previous history of cesarean section
Authors: Asadi Nasrin , Akbarzadeh-Jahromi Mojgan , Faraji Azam , Bahrami Shima , Gharamani Sayeh , Shahraki Hadi Raeisi , Vafaei Homeira , Kasraeian Maryam , Bazrafshan Khadije 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background The present study aims to determine the predictive value of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placenta growth factor (PLGF) for placenta accreta and for the comparison of the serum level of VEGF and PLGF in normal pregnant women and women with placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).Methods This prospective case-control study was conducted during the 2 years in two hospital in Shiraz, Iran from 2017 to 2019. The inclusion of the study was 90 singleton pregnant women: 45 of them in gestational ages of 28-34 weeks with pathological confirmation of placenta accreta spectrum and 45 healthy pregnant women. In the PAS group, according to pathology reports on the placenta, we divided all cases to placenta accreta, percreta, and increta. Maternal serum level of VEGF and PLGF were measured before the termination of pregnancy and diagnostic accuracy of each factor was evaluated.Results In PAS group, 75 percent of patients had placenta previa and unlike the control group, there was a significant difference in the gravidity, number of cesarean section, maternal age, and serum level of PLGF (p< /001); while in VEGF, the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusions The results of the present study revealed that the maternal serum level of PLGF could be considered as an accurate predictive test in patients with PAS.
The Perception of Key Stakeholders Regarding the Impact of Economic Hardship on Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviors of Sudanese Adolescents in the School and Home Context.
Authors: Osman Fahmi Ezaldin Awad , Mukhayer Aziza , Kremers Stef P.J. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Economic hardship is one of the factors that contributes to the double burden of weight-related health. Sudan is one of the countries that suffer from obesity and malnutrition problems. For a further understanding of the impact of economic hardship in Sudan, this study aimed to explore the perceptions of key stakeholders regarding its impact on dietary and physical activity behaviors of Sudanese adolescents.Methods A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews during the period January-March 2019, a period of political and economic instability in Sudan. The interviews were conducted with 17 participants, including officials from the Ministries of Health and Education, school directors and parents. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, translated to English, and then coded and analyzed manually.Results The participants confirmed an impact of economic hardship on the dietary and physical activity behaviors of adolescents in Khartoum state. The impact appeared to sort into three domains: community, school and home settings. Factors that were identified as contributing to the double burden of weight-related health and nutritional disorders in times of economic hardship include: migration from rural areas to big cities, increased accessibility of junk food, a decline in Physical Education classes in schools, discontinued funding of school meals and less interest of parents to establish a healthy food environment at home.Conclusion Our findings indicate that financial hardship has an influence on nutrition and physical activity behaviors among adolescents, and its effect occurs in different settings (community, school and home), and appears to affect malnutrition, underweight and obesity among adolescents.
Cord blood vitamin D is correlated with problem solving domain in early childhood neurodevelopment: A Cohort Study on Vitamin D Status and Its Impact during Pregnancy and Childhood in Indonesia
Authors: Supriadi Stephanie , Gumilang Lani , Setiabudi Djatnika , Dewi Raden Tina , Setiabudiawan Budi , Dhamayanti Meita 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Fetal vitamin D level is known to influence brain development and subsequent postnatal neurodevelopment, although several studies stated that this correlation remains controversial. We aimed to determine the correlation between cord blood vitamin D level and neurodevelopmental status in the first 1000 days of life. This was a cohort study, located in Sukabumi and Waled districts of West Java, Indonesia, from 2016–2019. Subjects were term infants with no congenital abnormalities, born from pregnant women involved in a previously conducted cohort study. The cord blood sample collected at delivery was used to measure 25 (OH)-vitamin D level. Neurodevelopmental status was examined after the infants reached 6, 12, and 24 months of age using Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3 (ASQ-3). Statistical analysis was performed using rank Spearman’s correlation. Blood samples were collected from 116 subjects. The mean value of vitamin D levels was 16.2 ng/mL (8.0–35.4 ng/mL). As many as 12.9%, 65.5% and 21.6% of newborns had vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency and normal vitamin D levels. The correlation was found between cordblood vitamin D levels and the problem-solving domain at the age of 12 and 24 months old; r = 0.217, and r = 0.414 respectively. Multiple linier regression analysis result showed a decrease problem solving domain score of 0.641 was associated with decreased of vitamin D. Cordblood vitamin D level correlates with infant neurodevelopmental status. Screening of vitamin D level is crucial during pregnancy and early childhood to improve neurodevelopmental outcome.
FOUR score versus GCS in patients with traumatic brain injury in the prehospital setting
Authors: Furman Matej Rubelli , Gorenjak Mario , Ravnik Janez 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: In the last few decades, different coma scoring scales have been proposed. The purpose of this study is to compare two coma scales: the GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) and the FOUR score (Full Outline of UnResponsiveness score), aiming to examine which scale is better in predicting mortality outcome in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients in the prehospital setting. Methods: We evaluated the GCS and FOUR score in the prehospital setting at three different prehospital timepoints, and we reassessed the scores in surviving patients 24 hours, one month and three months after the injury. Then, we compared the mortality outcomes. We used the χ² method with the best cut-off point for each model; we calculated sensitivity, specificity and correct prediction of the outcome with four severity scores. The Youden index, Z score, McNemar's test and ROC curve were also assessed. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Both scales were ranked with gain ratio. Results: We included 75 TBI patients who were treated in a prehospital setting by a prehospital specialized medical unit. In terms of predictions of mortality, our study showed the following: 1. Twenty-four hours after the injury, the best cut-off points obtained were from the FOUR 2 and FOUR 3 models. 2. One month after the injury, the best cut-off obtained was from the GCS 2 model. 3. Three months after the injury, the best cut-offs obtained were from the GCS 2 and GCS 3 models. Conclusions: In our study, we were able to demonstrate that the FOUR 2 and FOUR 3 models, compared to the GCS 2 and GCS 3 models, resulted in only a marginally better prediction of mortality outcome 24 hours after TBI. Statistically significant differences were found in neither the Youden index nor the area under the ROC curve after 24 hours and one and three months after the injury.
The impact of probiotics supplementation on gut microbiota after Helicobacter pylori eradication: a multicenter, open-label, randomised trial
Authors: Tang Bo , Tang Li , Huang Cheng , Tian Chuan , Chen Ling , He Zhijun , Yang Guodong , Zuo Luo , Zhao Guoce , Liu En , Wang Sumin , Lin Hui , He Jialin , Yang Shiming 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication therapy may lead to the perturbation of gut microbiota. The role of probiotics in gut microbiota during eradication therapy is still debated. Design: This was a multicentre, open-label, randomised trial done at seven hospitals in China. 162 patients were enrolled, 79 patients were randomly divided into group A (bismuth quadruple therapy), and 83 patients were randomly subjected into group B (bismuth quadruple therapy supplemented with Medilac-S). Faecal samples were collected before treatment and 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 8 weeks after eradication therapy. Gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. This trial is complete and registered with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR1900022116). Results: The eradication rates of group A and group B were 82.43% and 87.01%, respectively (P>0.05). Compared with baseline, alpha and beta diversity was significantly altered 2 weeks after eradication in both group A and group B, which was restored at week 8. There were no significant differences in alpha and beta diversity between the two groups. Bismuth quadruple therapy resulted in enrichment of some detrimental bacteria taxa such as Klebsiella and Streptococcus that were not recovered by week 8. Probiotics supplementation could rapidly restore the taxa levels of Klebsiella and Streptococcus by week 4 after eradication, and increase the beneficial taxa of Bacillus and Lactobacillales. Functional analysis revealed that lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis and polymyxin resistance pathways were significantly enriched after eradication therapy, while probiotics supplementation mainly enriched the cofactors and vitamins metabolism pathways. Several detrimental taxa were identified to be correlated with features of older age, alcohol use and high BMI, while probiotics supplementation could effectively restore the adverse impact in patients with these characteristics.Conclusion: Probiotics supplementation is beneficial for patients during H. pylori eradication, especially for patients with older age, alcohol drinking, and obesity, which might obtain the maximum benefits.
Disparity in the Hospitals Utilization among Regions in Indonesia
Authors: Laksono Agung Dwi , Benyamin Beben , Mahmudiono Trias 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background. The utilization of hospital services is a benchmark for the success of a health care referral system. Indonesia as the largest archipelago in the world encounters challenging conditions along with lack of infrastructure posed economic and health disparity among its regions. Disparities as a result of this development also have an impact on the accessibility of health care facilities.Methods. Chi Square test was used to test dichotomy variables and t-tests were performed for analyzing the difference among continuous variables. These tests were employed to assess the hypothesis that there was significant regional difference in the access of health care in Indonesia. Estimation using multinomial logistic regression test was used to study the disparity between regions in hospital utilization.Results. The results of this study indicate that there were disparities between regions in Indonesia. In the inpatient category all regions have better utilization than the Papua region, except the Sumatra region. The highest disparity occurs between the Nusa Tenggara region and the Papua region. Possibility of utilizing hospital vs. inpatient facilities not using the hospital 1,439 times in adults in the Nusa Tenggara region compared to the Papua region (OR = 1,439; 95% CI = 1,271 - 1,629). In the category of outpatient utilization as well as hospitalization in hospitals, the Papua region has better hospital utilization compared to other regions. The greatest disparity with the Sumatra region (OR = 0.484; 95% CI = 0.392 - 0.597).Conclusion. In conclusion, there were disparities between regions in Indonesia even though the odds ratio for mortality between regions decreased compared to the previous period.Ethical Clearance. The 2013 RISKESDAS survey had ethical clearance that was approved by the national ethical committee in the NIHRD (ethic number: 01.1206.207). Informed consent was used during data collection, which considered aspects of data collection procedure, voluntary, and confidentiality.
miR-34a-5p, miR-148a-3p and miR-181a-5p: potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of esophageal cancer detected by a novel absolute quantitative RT-qPCR method
Authors: Lin Zhiyuan , Chen Yongquan , Lin Yanling , Lin Huayue , Li Hongwei , Su Xiaosong , Fang Zanxi , Wang Jiajia , Wei Qingchun , Teng Jing , Zhang Zhong-ying 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Esophageal cancer (EC) is a malignant tumor of esophagus with progressive dysphagia as the main clinical manifestation. miRNAs are expected to become potential biomarkers in diagnosis and prognosis of EC. Methods Based on AllGlo probes, a novel absolute quantitative RT-qPCR method was established to detect miRNAs. And the clinical diagnosis significance of the screened miRNAs was explored with 213 patients (166 cases with EC and 47 cases with benign diseases) and 170 normal controls. Results Through a series of screening, miR-34a-5p, miR-148a-3p and miR-181a-5p were selected as EC-associated candidate miRNAs. Based on AllGlo probes, a novel absolute quantitative RT-qPCR method for detecting miRNAs was established with high sensitivity, specificity, good accuracy and no carryover contamination. Compared with normal controls, the level of miR-34a-5p increased while miR-148a-3p and miR-181a-5p decreased in EC and benign patients ( P <0.001), and the level of miR-181-5p in early EC patients was significantly lower ( P <0.001). According to logistic regression analysis, the combined detection of miR-34a-5p, miR-148a-3p and Cyfra21-1 provided the highest diagnosis efficiency of 85.07% with sensitivity and specificity reaching 85.45% and 84.71%. Compared with preoperative samples, the level of miR-34a-5p significantly decreased while the levels of miR-148a-3p and miR-181a-5p significantly increased in the postoperative samples ( P <0.001). Conclusions Based on AllGlo probes, this first developed, novel absolute quantitative RT-qPCR method exhibits high application value in detecting miRNAs. miR-34a-5p, miR-148a-3p and miR-181a-5p may serve as potential biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of EC, especially, miR-181-5p probably could be used as a new biomarker for early EC.
Trends, change points and spatial variability in extreme precipitation events from 1961 to 2017 in China
Authors: Li Linchao , Zou Yufeng , Li Yi , Lin Haixia , Liu De Li , Wang Bin , Yao Ning , Song Songbai 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Extreme precipitation events vary with different sub-regions, sites and years and show complex characteristics. In this study, the temporal variations, trends with significance and change points in the annual time series of 10 extreme precipitation indices (EPIs) at 552 sites and in seven sub-regions were analyzed using the modified Mann–Kendall test and sequential Mann–Kendall analysis. Three representative (extremely wet, normal and extremely dry) years from 1961 to 2017 were selected by the largest, 50%, and smallest empirical frequency values in China. The spatiotemporal changes in the EPIs during the three representative years were analyzed in detail. The results showed that during 1961–2017, both the consecutive wet or dry days decreased significantly, while the number of heavy precipitation days had no significant trend, and the other seven wet EPIs increased insignificantly. The abrupt change years of the 10 EPIs occurred 32 and 40 times from 1963 to 1978 and from 1990 to 2016, respectively, regardless of sub-region. The extremely dry (or wet) events mainly occurred in western (or southwestern) China, implying a higher extreme event risk. The extremely wet, normal and extremely dry events from 1961 to 2017 occurred in 2016, 1997 and 2011 with empirical frequencies of 1.7%, 50% and 98.3%, respectively. In addition, 1998 was the second-most extremely wet year (empirical frequency was 3.7%). The monthly precipitation values were larger from February to August in 1998, forming a much earlier flood peak than that of 2016. The 10 EPIs had close connections with Normalized Difference Vegetation Indexes during the 12 months of 1998 and 2016. This study provides useful references for disaster prevention in China.
Improved SMA-based SCS-CN method incorporating storm duration for runoff prediction on the Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Shi Wenhai , Wang Ni 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method for estimating runoff, three antecedent moisture condition (AMC) levels produce a discrete relation between the curve number (CN) and soil water content, which results in corresponding sudden jumps in estimated runoff. An improved soil moisture accounting (SMA)-based SCS-CN method that incorporates a continuous function for the AMC was developed to obviate sudden jumps in estimated runoff. However, this method ignores the effect of storm duration on surface runoff, yet this is an important component of rainfall-runoff processes. In this study, the SMA-based method for runoff estimation was modified by incorporating storm duration and a revised SMA procedure. Then, the performance of the proposed method was compared to both the original SCS-CN and SMA-based methods by applying them in three experimental watersheds located on the Loess Plateau, China. The results indicate that the SCS-CN method underestimates large runoff events and overestimates small runoff events, yielding an efficiency of 0.626 in calibration and 0.051 in validation; the SMA-based method has improved runoff estimation in both calibration (efficiency = 0.702) and validation (efficiency = 0.481). However, the proposed method performed significantly better than both, yielding model efficiencies of 0.810 and 0.779 in calibration and validation, respectively.