bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of neural network and PLC-based water flow controller
Authors: Ahmad Burhanuddin , Prajitno Prawito 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Flow rate is a fundamental physical quantity in the fluid transportation system from one place to another. To achieve this, a reliable controller that is able to produce a constant flowrate in industry is needed. The most used flow controllers in industries are PID-based controllers that are implemented using PLCs. However, there are still shortcomings, they can perform poorly in some applications, for example in the highly nonlinear system which cannot be overcome by conventional PID controllers. There are some other limitations of PID controller, such as PID has the overshoot and undershoots in the output of controlled system and PID gives late response in this study, a neural network-based flow controller is proposed to deal with that problems. The controller will be operated in a miniature plant which consists of a water tank, water pump, a control valve, and a flow transmitter. Due to PLC limitation that cannot be programmed with common programming languages such as MATLAB, a personal computer (PC) is used to run the proposed neural network controller. The PC communicates with the PLC using OPC (OLE for Process Control) server, while the PLC reads the flow transmitter and also controls the control valve directly based on the result output of the neural network controller. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed controller, several experiments have been conducted. The performance of the proposed controller has been compared with the conventional PID controller. It shows that neural network-based controller outperformed the conventional PID controller, in terms of maximum overshoot and steady-state error, where the neural network controller has maximum overshoot = 5.36% and steady-state error = 0.85%, while the PID controller has 11.3% for overshoot and 1.10 % for steady-state error.
A simple colorimeter based on microcontrollers to detect food dyes
Authors: Yulkifli  , Wulandari D A , Ramli R , Etika S B , Imawan C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A simple colorimeter has been successfully designed using a microcontroller to detect food dyes. This article describes the performance specifications and design specifications of the colorimeter that was designed as a detector for food dyes using a photodiode sensor and a light emitting diode lamp as a source. System performance specifications consist of mechanical systems that are supported by electronic systems. Data collection techniques were carried out directly and indirectly. Color absorption data were measured directly using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer and indirect absorption data is determined by the voltage that was processed by the microcontroller. The test was carried out by measuring 10 variations in the concentration of food dye liquid, in the range of 0.1% - 1.0%. Measurements were made with 10 repetitions. The data were analyzed in two ways, statistically and graphically. The accuracy of the colorimeter design was done by comparing it with the measurement results from the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The average percentage of errors are 1.7% and the average relative accuracy of the system is 93.3%. These results indicate that a simple colorimeter can be used to measure the concentration of food dyes quickly and with good accuracy.
Oxygen is a better predictor of macroinvertebrate richness than temperature—a systematic review
Authors: Croijmans L , De Jong J F , Prins H H T 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Despite ongoing loss of diversity in freshwater ecosystems, and despite mitigation measures to halt this loss, it is still not clear what ecological drivers underlies lotic biodiversity. A complicating factor is that two of the main drivers, oxygen and temperature, are correlated, and hence studies towards drivers of lotic diversity are confounded. Here, we undertook a systematic review, consisting of both qualitative and quantitative analyses, to disentangle these two drivers. We accessed two literature repositories and assessed papers for eligibility using a set of predetermined criteria. For the qualitative part of this systematic review, we used results on patterns of taxonomic richness and multivariate ordination analyses to expose effects of temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration on biodiversity. For the meta-analysis, we could only use raw data of a few papers in generalized linear models. The qualitative analysis did not show strong consistent effects of either dissolved oxygen concentration or temperature on diversity. However, the meta-analysis showed that taxonomic richness is positively related with dissolved oxygen concentration. Inversely a negative correlation with temperature was found, but adding temperature to a model which already included dissolved oxygen content did not significantly improve the model. These results show the strength of a systematic review and meta-analysis over a conventional review without a meta-analysis; we found no pattern with the qualitative analysis, but a strong pattern with the quantitative analysis.
Bamboo architecture as a learning project for community development of rural area in Indonesia
Authors: Nurdiah E A , Juniwati A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Concrete and steel have become common building materials in Indonesia and used as main building materials by both local people as well as architects in their design project. In Indonesia, common people in urban and rural areas, engineers and architects are also more familiar with the utilization of industrial building materials rather than local materials. However, industrial building materials area often questionable as sustainable materials. While bamboo, as local material, has been known as a sustainable material. Therefore, the usage of bamboo in nowadays architecture need to be elaborated and taught to the young generation and the society for the community development project. This paper aims to discuss the method of using bamboo as local material for community development in Indonesia while involving students from architectural education for the design process. The case study was taken during the community service project for Jarak Village’s residents which was done by students and lecturer from Petra Christian University. By discussing the issue and methods, in the future bamboo architecture will present not only as a building that provides space for activities but also as an instrument of the learning process and community development.
Traditional architecture translation of Dhurung Barn to Bawean’s Airport, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Samodra F X T B , Putro C M A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The tropical architecture of island city, Bawean, has been known as a cross-cultural result. The archipelago environment is exposed to high solar radiation and wind, thermal potency and problems are accumulated with the noise problem of the building. Therefore, this study aims to provide the design proposal and analysis for the contemporary architecture with pioneer airport design as an object through re-interpreting traditional channel approach of Bawean architecture as a case. In the transformation process and its thermal interference in the design is evaluated by the Flow Design simulation program to evaluate the proposed design wind flow and a noise control evaluation. The concept of Bawean architecture, mainly the Dhurung Barn, is applied by implying its original form into the modern form without losing the conveyed meaning. The results of this airport design show the locality of shape, space, and zoning, and the formation of thermal and acoustic design integration.
Concerning digital design in architectural pedagogy
Authors: Tedjosaputro M A 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The emerging field of digital design in architecture has changed the way designers think and the way it should be taught. This paper looks at six design educational exercises which have adopted digital tools using various systems. Discussions are rooted in digital design cognition, digital design eco-system and pedagogy. This paper attempts to observe the change of ways of making within these themes using design cognition lens. It is proposed that digital design tool affordances is a pertinent concept to support this emerging field, both pedagogically and with regard to software development. It is also suggested that the digital eco-system framework need to include the dialogue between analogue and digital design tools.
The evaluation of city landmarks through the study of place attachment in Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Damayanti R , Tampubolon A C , Kusumo C 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The presence of landmarks is one form of city identity. The city landmark is a symbol of pride that describes the city history, power, and future dream; it also reflects characteristics of the city and society. Theoretically, the identity or symbol creates a bonding with the society called as place attachment; since it represents the true meaning of the people and place characteristics. This research aims to evaluate current city landmarks of Surabaya through the place attachment study of specific young adults aged 19 yr to 22 yr. The implementation of mixed qualitative-quantitative research method is used to understand the respondents’ spatial perception by observing their social life and place preferences in the city to define social and physical symbols. The social symbols and physical symbols were compared to reveals the current value of the city landmarks. This research found that the attachment of the young adults to the Surabaya’s landmarks is weak. Young adults recognized the city landmarks in term of strong intrinsic value. It gives them a pleasant feeling by seeing the place. However, they were not engaged in the place. To improve its place attachment, the city landmarks should provide the affordance of desired and desirable activities.
Spatial pattern of the social space in self-built and core house post-disaster housing in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Marcillia S M , Wulansari M A D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The main purpose of this article is to understand the spatial pattern for social space in post-disaster housing reconstruction in Yogyakarta as an actualization of their important socio-spatial space in Javanese dwellings through an in-depth examination and comparative analyses between two-real cases of post-disaster housing in Yogyakarta. The methodology of this research is based on several periods of on-field observation, which including physical data documentary, interview and literature reviews. Items related to development of space pattern and its relation to the activities and social interaction behaviors in the spaces were assessed. Based on the cases, a discussion on how residents adjusted their post-disaster housing were performed, and in conclusion, results suggest that modification were being made in their development of spatial pattern to accommodate their needs of social space in order to maintain users’ personal and social lifestyles.
Compare the growth and productivity of I. aquatic species on hydroponic subsystems within an aquaponic system
Authors: Quí T P , Ardi A , Chaniago I 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The growth and productivity of two the Water Spinach varieties [Kangkung Unggul BikaR and Kangkung Bangkok LP-1R] had already been an experiment on two different Hydroponic culture subsystems [Floating Raft and Pumice Bed] of an Aquaponic circulatory system, where mineral nutrients of the Water Spinach vegetables were absorbed from biochemical processes occurring in solid wastes of fish and excess feeds. Consequently, this study showed individual functions of these two different Hydroponic culture subsystems from new established dates no significant differences at the 7th test date, until increasingly significant difference for the Hydroponic culture subsystem of Floating Raft is less effective than Hydroponic system of Pumice Bed based on the height of shoot, length of petiole and width of leaf on the 14th test date and the height of shoot, length of petiole, length of leaf, the number of leaf and length of root on the 21st test date. Nonetheless, Hydroponic subsystems did not support the growth and productivity of the Water Spinach varieties in all stages of testing about statistical significance. In addition, in term of productivity criteria and growth criteria on the 7th, 14th and 21st dates of testing, no significant difference were observed between two Water Spinach varieties. Finally, the advice of the study does not choose the treatment [Floating Raft Hydroponic culture subsystem and Kangkung Unggul BikaR variety] due to the poor result for the height of the shoot, length of petiole and reality of yield of Kangkung Unggul BikaR variety are probably at the 21st test date.
Evaluation and selection of salacca hybrid population based on fruit characters
Authors: Budiyanti T , Hadiati S , Fatria D 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The variety assembly of new superior salacca leads to the character preferred by consumers which is sweet, thick flesh, not smelling and productive. These idiotypes can be obtained by hybridizing between the local elders and being selected variety based on the superior character. This research was aimed to evaluate and select salacca progenies with the characteristics of sweetness, not astringent, aromatic, high edible portion, thick flesh, and productive of 50 salacca hybrid populations. The research was conducted from January to December 2018 at the Agriculture Seed Center in Sei Lekop sub-district, East Bintan District, Bintan Regency, Riau Islands Province. The characterization and selection results got four progenies with scores above 20 points. The selected progenies were accessions with numbers 24, 524, 189, 500. The four selected progenies were further propagated by air layering the sucker as material to form a population for the observation test of prospective new superior varieties.
Optimization of the flowering stage by using stimulants of calcium carbide and paclobutrazol on pineapple at post tin mining area
Authors: Lestari T , Mustikarini E D , Apriyadi R , Hutahean B P 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Bangka Island is the potential to increase pineapple production because of the availability of marginal land caused by tropical tin mining. The success of pineapple cultivation is determined by the formation of flowers that will become fruit. The flowering process can be accelerated using carbide and paclobutrazol. This research aimed to study the effect of Calcium carbide and paclobutrazol application as a flowering stimulant for flowering initiation and yield of pineapple in the post tin mining area. This research was conducted from January 2018 – July 2019 located in post tin mining area owned by PT Timah Tbk, Dwi Makmur Village, Merawang Subdistrict, Bangka Island using an experimental method with randomized block design with a single factor which was a type of flowering stimulant consist of calcium carbide [Calcium carbide] [P0] and paclobutrazol [P1]. The result showed that both of flowering stimulant gave significant effect to flowering time, fruit diameter, fruit length, fruit weight with crown, and fruit weight without the crown of pineapple. The fastest flowering duration showed in the pineapple with Carbide application in the post tin mining area.
Identification of gambier plant [Uncaria gambir [Hunter] Roxb] pollination system
Authors: Zainal A , Anwar A , Lopita S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The gambier plant pollination system needs to be understood for a breeding program to be conducted. The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of self-pollination [autogamy and geitonogamy] and cross-pollination, both natural and artificial allogamy, in these plants. This research was conducted in the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang and used a survey method [identifying samples, conducting pollination, observing samples and collecting data obtained in the field] together with non-probabilistic purposive sampling. Observations made include pollen adhesion to the stigma and fruit formation. Data were analyzed using simple statistics. Fruit production was highest following artificial allogamous cross-pollination [86%], followed by natural allogamous cross-pollination [51%] and geitonogic self-pollination [22%]. Autogamic self-pollination failed to produce fruit. Gambier plants are cross-pollinating plants able to undergo geitonogamous but not autogamous self-pollination.
A comparison of microwave and ultrasonic treatment on swelling power and water solubility of tapioca
Authors: Pratama F , Sari I P , Ridhowati S , Arsyad F S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Analysis of swelling power [SP] and water solubility index [WSI] of tapioca starch as affected by microwave and ultrasonic treatments was determined. The moisture content of the native tapioca starch was adjusted to 30%, 40% and 50% [wb]. The microwave treatment was performed at the power level of 450 W for 2 minutes, and the ultrasonic treatment was carried out at 40 kHz of 40°C for 30 minutes. Analysis of variance showed that the method of modification had a significant effect on SP and WSI. It was found that the microwave treatment decreased the SP and WSI, whereas the ultrasonic treatment increased the SP and WSI at a higher moisture content of native tapioca starch.
The potency of active components containing on andaliman fruit [Zanthoxylum acanthopodium] for increasing the quality of salted eggs
Authors: Silaban R , Harahap A U , Harahap A S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A type of spice that is still limited to use with primary commodities is andaliman [Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC]. Geographically, the spice is only found in the district of Toba Samosir which is closed to Lake Toba. The herb plant is a group of family Rutaceae and has identified with the name of Andaliman [Batak pepper]. The chemical compound that is thought to have the most role in various biological activities of andaliman fruit as an antioxidant and antimicrobial for food processing. Research conducted to determine the phytochemical compounds, the group of secondary metabolites within the extraction, and the influence of antimicrobial compounds from essential oils on salted eggs. Parameters were chemical compounds from different extracted and quality of the eggs. The chemical composition of each extract was examined by both the Harborne method and GC-MS. Results showed that phytochemical contents contained steroid and triterpenoid for three types of extraction with no detect for saponin. Antimicrobial compounds sourcing from andaliman extracts can inhibit the Staphylococcus aureus. Besides, the quality profile of salted eggs by ripening with andaliman extracts was significantly influenced comparing with control. It can be concluded that the active components of andaliman extract have potentially affected the quality of salted eggs.
Isolation of Chitinase B [ChiB] gene from Serratia plymutica strain UBCF_13
Authors: Oktavioni M , Winata S R , Syafriani E , Syukriani L , Jamsari J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The utilization of synthetic fungicides harms the environment. Several studies have been carried out to control disease in plants using biocontrol agents and bio fungicides that more environmentally friendly. Laboratory tests showed that bacterial isolates UBCF_13 can act as biocontrol of pathogenic fungi that have been identified as Serratia plymutica bacteria. This bacteria is capable of producing chitinase enzymes that can degrade pathogenic fungal cell walls. The study was aimed to isolate the chitinase B gene from Serratia plymuticha strain UBCF_13. Cloning of the chitinase B [ChiB] gene from the bacterial genome UBCF_13 was carried out using a PCR-based cloning strategy using specific primers. The UBCF_13 ChiB gene was successfully isolated and identified with a sequence of 1583 bp covering ORF of 1500 bp which encodes 499 amino acids. Domain analysis exhibited 2 functional domains, namely catalytic and the chitin-binding domain. The 3D analysis of the ChiB protein structure indicates a similar function with the c1ur88 template which is identified as ChiB. Further research is necessary to determine the optimal method to express and determine its detailed function.
The pET-Rep recombinant plasmid construction and geminivirus Rep [C1] gene expression in Escherichia coli strain BL21
Authors: Gozalia E N , Syukriani L , Renfiyeni R , Jamsari J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Geminivirus Rep [C1] gene produces a replication protein [Rep] that interacts with Retinoblastoma-related protein [RBR] when Geminivirus infect the plants. That interactions interfere with RBR and transcription factor function. So the mechanism of chili plant defense against symptoms of Pepper Yellow Leaf Curl Disease is blocked. The NPR1 gene is a transcriptional co-activator involved in the regulation defense mechanism of Systemic Acquired Resistance [SAR] in chili plants. In silico, Rep protein blocks the SAR mechanism that is regulated by the NPR1 gene. This study aimed to obtain a construction of pET-28a+ plasmid expression recombinant Rep [C1] gene and Rep protein that can be expressed in E.coli BL21. This research is useful to study the interaction of Geminivirus with transcription co-activator in chili plants. The construction was done by ligating plasmid and Rep genes which have been cut using restriction enzymes BamHI and SacI. The construction of a recombinant pET-Rep plasmid is confirmed by amplification and verification of the nucleotide sequence through sequencing techniques. Nucleotide sequence verification results proved that the Rep [C1] gene is successfully constructed into a pET-28a+ plasmid with proper position and orientation. The pET-Rep recombinant proceeds to the expression test using the E.coli BL21 host. Expression was performed using the induction method with IPTG. Proteins Rep is purified using the MagnehisTM Protein Purification System. Rep protein is visualized with SDS-PAGE. Visualization showed that Rep protein was successfully expressed in E.coli BL21 where protein size is estimated of 41,03 kDa in size.
Prediction of secondary, tertiary protein structure and interaction eIF4E from Capsicum annum with Rep Geminivirus
Authors: Hidayati R , Nova B , Jamsari J 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The eIF4E gene is a gene that plays a role in the initiation of protein translation. This gene is relatively conserved and is present in all organisms. In humans, this gene functions as a proto-oncogene, its expression and activation are associated with transformation and tumorigenesis. The eIF4E protein takes a role in the translation initiation by recruiting ribosomes to the 5’-cap structure. In some conditions, it functions as an initiator in the process of translation and co-factor of the plant’s defense system from virus attacks. The eIF4E protein also can bind with the genome linked viral protein to turnip mosaic virus [TuMV] in Capsicum annum. Their interaction is effective for virus infectivity and upregulated genome amplification. Understanding the tertiary structure of the eIF4E protein and its ligands will help in elucidating its interactions with viruses. So that it can be used to avoid spreading the virus in chili plants.