bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid water parcel transport across the Kuroshio Extension in the lower thermocline from dissolved oxygen measurements by Seaglider
Authors: Hosoda Shigeki , Inoue Ryuichiro , Nonaka Masami , Sasaki Hideharu , Sasai Yoshikazu , Hirano Mizue 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Small water parcels with low salinity and high dissolved oxygen (DO) are observed in the main thermocline south of the Kuroshio Extension (KE). The Seaglider data, which was collected for four months beginning in late winter 2014 with fine spatial and temporal resolutions, identified small water parcels characterized by low salinity and high DO in the subsurface layer (26.0–27.0 σθ) with a few ten kilometers and a few ten meters in the horizontal and vertical scales, respectively. Water mass analyses revealed larger negative salinity anomalies (< − 0.05 PSS-78) and positive DO anomalies (> 15 µmol kg− 1) than those of the surrounding water. The characteristics are similar to those of water mass with low salinity and high DO in the subpolar Northwestern Pacific Ocean. Additionally, higher DO anomaly water parcels appear in the upper layer (< 26.7 σθ) while low salinity parcels appear in the lower layer (> 26.7 σθ). Oxygen consumption rates from the apparent oxygen utility suggest that the small water parcels consume less oxygen than the surrounding water, implying that they migrate in a shorter time across the KE after subduction and their characteristics may reflect the sea surface temperature, salinity, and DO in the subduction region. Similar small water parcels represented by high-resolution numerical simulations indicate that they pass through the KE in one month. The simulations support the oxygen consumption rate from the Seaglider observations. The existence of a faster process for water mass migration by meso- and submesoscale subduction processes across the KE affects the amount, subduction, and exchange process of water mass. Our study indicates a small water mass contributes to the exchange process across the KE rapidly, which had not been identified in previous studies. Consequently, detailed observations using multiple Seagliders should capture detailed spatial and temporal variability of the water mass exchange process.
Challenges in Early Postnatal Care and Growth in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants: A Multi-Center Study
Authors: Li Shuaijun , Feng Qi , Tong Xiao-mei , Li Qiu-ping , Wang Jun-Yi , Wang Ya-Juan , Liu Wei-Peng , Zeng Chao-Mei , Wang Dan-Hua , Zhao Wen-Li , Li Li-Hua , Cui Hong , Hei Ming-Yan , Li Li , Zhang Xue-Feng , Guo Jiu-Ye , Yang Ming 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Postnatal care and growth in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants are being increasingly focused on worldwide. However, few data from China have been reported, expecially multicenters. This multicenter study was designed to investigate the problems existing in postnatal care, weight gain and the related risk factors in in-patient ELBW infants.
Methods

Eligible ELBW infants admitted to involved neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in 2017 in Beijing were studied retrospectively. Except for general early outcomes, Weight Z score and feeding practice related information was caculated, and collected. Growth retardation (GR) was diagnosed if body weight Z score at discharge dropped more than one standard deviation (SD) compared with birth.
Results

Of our cohort of 137 ELBW infants, 92 infants discharged with medical advice were analyzed. Full enteral feeding reached at 37.0 (27.0, 51.8)days. Exclusive breast milk feeding rate was 30.4% at discharge. All infants had decreased weight Z score, and its change was similar in different weight subgroups. The incidence of GR was 66.3%. Multiple-factor analysis showed the risk factors for GR were small for gestational age(OR 34.768, 95%CI 1.652-731.728), average weight gain rate < 15 g/(kg.d)(OR 249.062, 95%CI 11.211-5532.889), and non-invasive and/or mechanicl ventilation duration > 28days(OR 6.867, 95%CI 1.211–38.957), P༜0.05. Keeping ELBW infants staying in hospital longer was beneficial to their weight gain (OR = 0.950, 95% CI 0.909–0.993, P < 0.05).
Conclusion

Maintaining appropriate weight gain in early age is still a great challenge in ELBW infants. Fetal growth, early nutrition and sickness are critical influencing factors.
Mature B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with MLL-AF9 Transcripts: Three Case Reports and Literature Reviews
Authors: Guo Yuxia , Zhou Min , Zou Pinli , Liao Xin , XIAO Jianwen 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Mature B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (BAL) is characterized by ALL-L3 morphology and the presence of surface immunoglobulin (sIgM) light chain restriction. t(8;14)(q24;q32) or its variants related to the MYC rearrangement (MYCr) are usually present in BAL, and BAL is considered the leukaemic phase of Burkitt lymphoma (BL). BAL with MLL rearrangement (MLLr) is rare.Case presentation: Three children with BAL and MLLr are presented. We also reviewed the context of 24 previously reported cases, and the features, treatment and prognosis were analysed. Three BAL patients with MLLr were reported, accounting for 1.37% of the B-ALL population; 24 patients were found in the literature. Thirteen males and 14 females were included, and the average age at diagnosis was 19.5 ± 4.95 m. Renal, CNS and skin involvement were present in 6, 4 and 3 patients, respectively. Twenty-six (96.30%) patients showed non-ALL-L3 morphology; negative or suspicious expression of CD20 was found in 64% of patients. MLLr was reported, but MYCr was not observed. Twenty-five (92.59%) patients achieved complete remission. Prospective event-free survival (pEFS) in patients who received allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) was higher than that in patients who received chemotherapy (83.33% vs 41.91%).Conclusion: BAL patients with MLLr had unique manifestations, including a younger age at diagnosis and overexpression of CD19; expression of CD20 was rare, and MYCr was undetectable. The patients were sensitive to chemotherapy, but the pEFS was higher in patients undergoing allo-HSCT than in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Chemosensitivity based on pathologic complete response in very young patients (&lt;35 years) with ER-positive breast cancer: a large retrospective cohort study
Authors: Woo Joohyun , Oh Se Jeong , Song Jeong-Yoon , Chae Byung Joo , Choi Jung Eun , Lee Jeeyeon , Park Heung Kyu , Lim Woosung 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

In estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, young age is associated with poor prognosis. Several reports have suggested hormonal mechanism as the possible reason. Conversely, very young patients respond better to chemotherapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy is less effective in ER-positive tumors than in ER-negative tumors. The authors tried to evaluate the chemoinsensitivity of very young patients with ER-positive breast cancer excluding the effect of endocrine treatment to the extent possible.
Methods

We collected individual patient data from 1992 to 2013 from the Korean Breast Cancer Society (KBCS), and 1,049 ER-positive patients aged < 50 years who had been treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy were included for analysis. We compared the pathologic complete response (pCR) rate between patients aged < 35 years and those aged 35–49 years.
Results

One hundred forty seven patients (14.0%) aged < 35 years and 901 patients (86.0%) aged 35–49 years were studied. Although most chracteristics of tumors were comparable in both groups, tumors with high Ki-67 expression were found in 49.4% of patients aged < 35 years and in 32.7% of patients aged 35–49 years (P = 0.007). Breast conservation rates were not significantly different between the two groups (44.2% vs. 46.8%, P = 0.30). pCR rates of both breasts and axilla were not significantly different between the two groups (P = 0.87).
Conclusions

Chemotherapy response based on pCR rates was not better in young patients (< 35 years) with ER-positive breast cancer than in older premenopausal patients with ER-positive breast cancer; however, the proportion of tumors with high Ki-67 proliferative index was greater in the former.
Trial registration:
retrospectively registered
Genetic characterization of a Marek’s disease virus strain isolated in Japan
Authors: Murata Shiro , Machida Yuka , Isezaki Masayoshi , Maekawa Naoya , Okagawa Tomohiro , Konnai Satoru , Ohashi Kazuhiko 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Marek’s disease virus (MDV) causes malignant lymphomas in chickens (Marek’s disease, MD). MD is currently controlled by vaccination; however, MDV strains have a tendency to develop increased virulence. Distinct diversity and point mutations are present in the Meq proteins, the oncoproteins of MDV, suggesting that changes in protein function induced by amino acid substitutions might affect MDV virulence. We previously reported that recent MDV isolates in Japan display distinct mutations in Meq proteins from those observed in traditional MDV isolates in Japan, but similar to those in MDV strains isolated from other countries. Methods: To further investigate the genetic characteristics in Japanese field strains, we sequenced the whole genome of an MDV strain that was successfully isolated from a chicken with MD in Japan. A phylogenetic analysis of the meq gene was also performed.Results: Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Meq proteins in most of the Japanese isolates were similar to those of Chinese and European strains, and the genomic sequence of the Japanese strain was classified into the Eurasian cluster. Comparison of coding region sequences among the Japanese strain and MDV strains from other countries revealed that the genetic characteristics of the Japanese strain were similar to those of Chinese and European strains. Conclusions: The MDV strains distributed in Asian and European countries including Japan seem to be genetically closer to each other than to MDV strains from North America. These findings indicate that the genetic diversities of MDV strains that emerged may have been dependent on the different vaccination-based control approaches.
Auxin, abscisic acid and jasmonate are the central players in rice sheath rot caused by Sarocladium oryzae and Pseudomonas fuscovaginae
Authors: Peeters Kaat , Ameye Maarten , Demeestere Kristof , Audenaert Kris , Hofte Monica 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Sheath rot is an emerging rice disease that causes severe yield losses worldwide. The main causal agents are the toxin producers Sarocladium oryzae and Pseudomonas fuscovaginae. The fungus S. oryzae produces helvolic acid and cerulenin and the bacterium P. fuscovaginae produces cyclic lipopeptides. Helvolic acid and the lipopeptide, fuscopeptin, inhibit membrane-bound H+-ATPase pumps in the rice plant. To manage rice sheath rot, a better understanding of the host response and virulence strategies of the pathogens is required. This study investigated the interaction of the sheath rot pathogens with their host and the role of their toxins herein. Japonica rice was inoculated with high- and low-helvolic acid-producing S. oryzae isolates or with P. fuscovaginae wild type and fuscopeptin mutant strains. During infection, cerulenin, helvolic acid and the phytohormones abscisic acid, jasmonate, auxin and salicylic acid were quantified in the sheath. In addition, disease severity and grain yield parameters were assessed. Rice plants responded to high-toxin-producing S. oryzae and P. fuscovaginae strains with an increase in abscisic acid, jasmonate and auxin levels. We conclude that, for both pathogens, toxins play a core role during sheath rot infection. S. oryzae and P. fuscovaginae interact with their host in a similar way. This may explain why both sheath rot pathogens cause very similar symptoms despite their different nature.
Gender Modifies the Effect of Body Mass Index on Lung Function Decline in Mild-to-Moderate COPD Patients: A Pooled Analysis
Authors: Chen Wenjia , Sadatsafavi Mohsen , FitzGerald J Mark , Lynd Larry , Sin Don 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Body weight is a poor prognostic risk factor in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, it is not known whether gender modifies this relationship.Methods: We pooled data of 8,686 COPD patients from 7 studies. Using a longitudinal natural cubic spline regression model, we examined the dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the rate of decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in patients with GOLD 1 and 2 disease, stratified by gender and adjusted for smoking status and cohort effects. Results: There was an inverse, nearly relationship between BMI and the rate of FEV1 decline in GOLD Grades 1 and 2, which was modified by gender (p<0.001). In male patients, an increase of BMI by 1 kg/m2 reduced FEV1 decline by 1.05mL/year (95% CI: 0.96, 1.14). However, in female patients, BMI status barely clinically affected FEV1 decline: an increase of baseline BMI by 1 kg/m2 reduced FEV1 decline by 0.16 ml/year (95% CI: 0.11, 0.21). These gender-modified relationships were generally similar between GOLD 1 and 2 patients, and between current smokers and former smokers.Conclusion: In mild to moderate COPD, higher BMI was associated with a less rapid decline of FEV1 in male patients whereas it hardly affected females patients. This gender-specific BMI effect was independent of COPD severity and smoking status.
Correlation Between Sleep Quality And Quality Of Life Among Hypertensive Adults In A Mountainous Area Of Hubei Province, China
Authors: Ran Li , Chen Xuyu , Li Mengying , Chen Qi , Zhang Yupeng , Tan Xiaodong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Hypertension is one of the most common and easy paroxysm diseases. Inadequately controlled hypertension has been related to poor sleep quality, which would be associated with worsening quality of life.Methods: A descriptive analyses was conducted to describe social demographic factors, while ANOVA and t-test were carried out to compare scores between different groups. The total score of life quality (MCS and PCS) was used as the dependent variable (Y), and the dimensions of sleep quality were used as the independent variable (X) for multiple line regression analysis (Stepwise) to evaluate the correlation between sleep quality and life quality.Results: The results of group comparison showed that the total PSQI score was significant at people’s residence (P<0.01). Correlation analysis indicated that subjective sleep quality, sleep disturbance, daytime dysfunction, age, concomitant diseases, and years of diagnosed hypertension had a significant association with the PCS scores (P<0.05 for all). Subjective sleep quality, sleep disturbance, daytime dysfunction, and monthly income had a significant association with the MCS scores (P<0.05 for all). Conclusion: The correlation analysis shows that sleep quality of hypertensive patients is related to quality of life. Considering the close relation among hypertension, sleep quality, and life quality, possible interventions like sleep hygiene was appealed to relieve hypertensive symptoms, promote sleep quality, and increase life quality.Trial registration: 2018-1602000-03-02
Establishment and Histopathological Study of Patient-derived Xenograft Models and Primary Cell Lines of Epithelioid Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma
Authors: Yang Zhi-Ran , Chen Zhi-Gao , Ji Zhong-He , Lin Yu-Lin , Zhang Jue , Ma Ru , Li Zhao , Jiang Xi , Chen Qian , Du Xue-Mei , Li Yan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare malignancy with few effective therapies. This study established patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and primary cell lines to provide a study platform for MPM in vitro and in vivo, and conducted histopathological analysis.Methods: Human MPM surgical specimen was collected to establish PDX models and primary cell lines. Experimental peritoneal cancer index (ePCI) score was used to evaluate gross pathology, and histopathological study was conducted by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Pathological characteristics of the established primary MPM cell lines were analyzed by Swiss-Gimsa and immunofluorescence (IF) staining. The whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the mutant genes between models and the patient.Results: MPM PDX models and primary cell lines were successfully established, replicated the pathological features of the patient. ePCI score of the female and male nude mice were 8.80 ± 1.75 and 9.20 ± 1.81 (P = 0.6219), respectively. The HE staining showed that the tumor was epithelioid mesothelioma and invaded multiple organs. IHC staining showed that Calretinin, Cytokeratin 5/6, WT-1 and Ki-67 were all positive. The Swiss-Gimsa and IF staining of primary cell lines were also consistent with the pathological characteristics of mesothelioma. The WES showed that 21 mutant genes were shared between models and the patient, and the genes related to tumorigenesis and development including BAP1, NF2, MTBP, NECTIN2, CDC23, LRPPRC, TRIM25, and DHRS2.Conclusions: PDX models and primary cell lines of MPM were successfully established with the epithelioid mesothelioma identity confirmed by histopathological evidence. Moreover, our study has also illustrated the shared genomic profile between models and the patient, then potentially provided new targets for MPM treatment.
Evaluation and Application of an Efficient Plant DNA Extraction Protocol in Laboratory and Field Testing
Authors: Wang Qi , Shen Xiaoxia , Qiu Tian , Wu Wei , Wang Zhian , Shou Huixia 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background CTAB has been considered as the standard protocol for DNA extraction. But the complex and time-consuming procedures can’t meet the needs of rapid molecular identification. The method of using cellulose filter paper strips to transfer the DNA in the plant tissue lysate to the nucleic acid amplification system shortening the DNA extraction time to 30 s. However, cellulose filter paper strips have some shortcomings that cannot be put into widespread use. And the data supporting the rapidly purification of DNA by cellulose filter paper is not sufficient.ResultsIn the study, the published filter paper strip was modified by sticking the filter paper on the PVC sheet. This modified method is named EZ-D, for easy DNA extraction. Compared with the original method, the DNA extracted by EZ-D is more efficient in PCR amplification. We also came up with a new DNA extraction buffer, which exhibited higher DNA extraction efficiency. When compared with classic CTAB, EZ-D also showed great advantages for higher efficiency, easier protocol and lower cost. PCR analyses showed that DNA extracted from several types of plants by EZ-D were appropriate for specific identification of biological samples. PCR using DNA extracted by EZ-D was sensitive enough to detect 0.1 ng/μL. Evaluation of the EZ-D showed that the DNA extracts can be successfully amplified by PCR reaction for the DNA fragments up to 3000 bp in length and up to 80% in GC content. EZ-D was successfully used for DNA extraction from a variety of plant species and plant tissues. Moreover, when EZ-D was combined with the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method, DNA identification of biological samples could be achieved in an equipment-free way. Conclusion Combined with DNA amplification technology, EZ-D protocol is a rapid, specific and sensitive method for molecular identification of plant samples. In addition, EZ-D method is the first application of cellulose filter paper in the identification of genetically modified crops and traditional Chinese medicine ultra-fine powder. In terms of practicability, EZ-D has realized the popularization of cellulose filter paper for rapid DNA purification in laboratories and markets.
Genome-Wide Methylation Sequencing Identifies Progression-Related Epigenetic Drivers in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Zhou Jing-dong , Zhang Ting-juan , Xu Zi-jun , Deng Zhao-qun , Gu Yu , Ma Ji-chun , Wen Xiang-mei , Zhang Wei , Leng Jia-yan , Lin Jiang , Chen Su-ning , Qian Jun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The mechanism underlying disease progression of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains poorly elucidated. Epigenetic alterations are increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer progression including MDS. However, little studies explored the whole-genome methylation alterations during MDS progression.Methods: We conducted reduced representation bisulfite sequencing in four paired MDS/secondary AML (MDS/sAML) patients and intended to discover methylation-associated epigenetic drivers in MDS progression.Results: In four paired MDS/sAML patients, cases at sAML stage showed significantly increased methylation level when compared with their matched MDS stage. A total of 1090 differentially methylated fragments (DMFs) (441 hypermethylated and 649 hypomethylated) were identified involved in MDS pathogenesis, whereas 103 DMFs (96 hypermethylated and 7 hypomethylated) were identified involved in MDS progression. Further targeted bisulfite sequencing identified aberrant GFRA1, IRX1, NPY, and ZNF300 methylation was frequent events in additional de novo MDS and AML patients, of which only ZNF300 methylation was associated with ZNF300 expression. Moreover, ZNF300 hypermethylation in larger cohorts of de novo MDS and AML patients was further confirmed by real-time quantitative methylation-specific PCR. Clinical studies showed that ZNF300 methylation could act as a potential biomarker helpful for the diagnosis and prognosis in MDS and AML patients. In in vitro experiments, overexpression of ZNF300 exhibited anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in MDS-derived AML cell line SKM-1.Conclusions: Genome-wide DNA hypermethylation was a frequent event during MDS progression. Among these changes, ZNF300 methylation through the regulation of ZNF300 expression acted as an epigenetic driver in MDS progression. These findings give a theoretical basis for investigating and using the efficacy of DNMT inhibitors in MDS patients against disease progression, and provide new insights for targeted therapy in MDS.
Effects of COVID-19 Outbreak on Children’s Mental Health: A Comparative Study with Children Diagnosed and Isolated from Their Parents
Authors: Kılınçel Şenay , Altun Feray Tarımtay , Nuryüz Özgecan , Tan Ezgi , Erzincan Erkal , Kılınçel Oğuzhan , Yazıcı Esra , Ayaz Muhammed 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The current study aimed to compare the psychological responses of children exposed to different levels of stress during COVID-19 outbreak. Anxiety levels, negative thoughts, and quality of life of COVID-19 positive children (Child + group, n = 17), COVID-19 negative children who are isolated from their COVID-19 positive parent(s) (Parent + group, n = 59), and a control group (n = 64) were compared.
Methods
The participants completed a sociodemographic data form, the Screen for Child Anxiety and Related Disorders (SCARED), the Children’s Negative Cognitive Errors Questionnaire (CNCEQ), and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL).
Results
The statistical analysis of the data obtained from the three groups revealed that the Parent + group recorded higher SCARED and CNCEQ scores and lower PedsQL scores in comparison to the control group. No statistically significant difference was found between the Child + group scores and the control group. It was observed that high CNCEQ scores and low PedsQL scores in the Parent + group predicted an increase in the SCARED scores.
Conclusions
Our study indicates that isolating children from their parents during the COVID-19 outbreak negatively influences their mental health and causes an increase in their anxiety levels. In addition, the results of the study highlight that preventive mental health measures should be applied for children separated from parents during pandemics.