bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social network analysis: organizational implications in tourism management
Authors: Valeri Marco , Baggio Rodolfo 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of how quantitative analysis methods have been and can be used to improve the competitiveness of tourism destination. The focus of the study is social network analysis (SNA).

Design/methodology/approach
The research methodology is qualitative and consists of the review literature relevant to this thesis. This methodology is necessary to give an account of the methods and the techniques adopted for the data collection used in other economic sectors.

Findings
SNA is needed to analyze the creation and configuration of communities of practice within destination and to identify possible barriers to effective interaction. Essentially, it is a complex adaptive socio-economic system. It shares many (if not all) of the characteristics usually associated with such entities, namely, non-linear relationships among the components, self-organization and emergence of organizational structures, robustness to external shocks.

Research limitations/implications
The most important limit of this paper is that all the results presented here do not concern a single case study. Future research studies will provide a larger number of cases and examples to give the necessary validation to the findings presented here.

Practical implications
This paper provides a view into the network of relationships that may give tourism organization managers a strong leverage to improve the flow of information and to target opportunities where this flow may have the most impact on regulatory or business activities.

Originality/value
SNA can help to detect actual expertise and consequently project the potential losses deriving from an inefficient flow of knowledge. In addition, the authors will be able to define roles in the organizational networks and make an evaluation of informal organizational structures over the formal ones. Traditional organizational theories lack a concrete correspondence with mathematical studies and in this respect the authors sought to identify a correspondence.
Factors for performance measurement systems design in nonprofit organizations and public administration
Authors: Moura Louisi Francis , Pinheiro de Lima Edson , Deschamps Fernando , M. Van Aken Eileen , Gouvea Da Costa Sergio E. , Tavares Treintaa Fernanda , Almeida Prado Cestari José Marcelo , Assumpção Silva Ronan 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this research is to examine the factors that influence the design of performance measurement systems (PMSs) in nonprofit organizations (NPOs) and public administration and explore inter-relationships among these factors.

Design/methodology/approach
Findings resulted through the identification of design factors from the paper portfolio of a previous systematic literature review on this topic and the construction of a factor co-occurrence network for the identified factors.

Findings
The methodology helped to determine the relationships among factors and show how these factors influence PMSs in NPOs and public administration. It also helped to demonstrate how PMSs in these organizations are different from PMSs in traditional companies because of the impact of the factors on the complexity and dynamics of NPOs and public administration. The findings and discussion contribute to the performance measurement literature on NPOs and public administration by presenting a set of design factors related to purpose, stakeholders and management.

Practical implications
This paper presents practical implications for managers regarding the PMS design process and shows how some design factors can be particularly related to these organizations

Originality/value
The design factors are particular to the organizational dynamic and should be considered by managers involved with the design (or redesign) process of performance measurement systems.
Identification of binding domains and key amino acids involved in the interaction between BmLARK and G4 structure in the BmPOUM2 promoter in Bombyx mori
Authors: Peng Yuling , Niu Kangkang , Yu Guoxing , Zheng Mingxi , Wei Qiulan , Song Qisheng , Feng Qili 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIt has been found that the non‐B form DNA structures, like G‐quadruplex (G4) and i‐motif, are involved in many important biological processes. Our previous study showed that the silkworm transcription factor BmLARK binds to the G4 structure in the promoter of the transcription factor BmPOUM2 and regulates its promoter activity. However, the binding mechanism between BmLARK and BmPOUM2 G4 structure remains unclear. In this study, binding domains and key amino acid residues involved in the interaction between BmLARK and BmPOUM2 G4 were studied. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay results indicated that the two RNA‐recognition motifs (RRM) of BmLARK are simultaneously required for the binding with the G4 structure. Either RRM1 or RRM2 alone could not bind with the G4 structure. The zinc‐finger motif was not involved in the binding. A series of mutant proteins with specific amino acid mutations were expressed and used to identify the key amino acid residues involving the interaction. The results indicated that β sheets, especially the β1 and β3 sheets, in the RRM domains of BmLARK played critical roles in the binding with the G4 structure. Several amino acid mutations of RRM1/2 in ribonucleoprotein domain 1 (RNP1) (motif in β3 strand) and RNP2 (motif in β1 strand) caused loss of binding ability, indicating that these amino acids are the key sites for the binding. All the results suggest that RRM domains, particularly their the RNP1 and RNP2 motifs, play important roles not only in RNA recognition, but also in the G4 structure binding.
Estimating dynamic games of oligopolistic competition: an experimental investigation
Authors: Salz Tobias , Vespa Emanuel 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe evaluate standard assumptions in the estimation of dynamic oligopoly models with laboratory data. Using an entry/exit game, we estimate structural parameters under the assumption that the data are generated by a Markov‐perfect equilibrium and subsequently predict counterfactual behavior. If behavior was collusive, however, the assumption would be violated and one would mispredict counterfactuals. The laboratory allows us to compare predicted behavior to true counterfactuals implemented as treatments. Our main finding is that prediction errors due to collusion are modest in size. We also document a different deviation from equilibrium behavior (inertia) that can lead to large prediction errors.
Exploration of multi‐target effects of 3‐benzoyl‐5‐hydroxychromen‐2‐one in Alzheimer’s disease cell and mouse models
Authors: Lin Te‐Hsien , Chiu Ya‐Jen , Lin Chih‐Hsin , Lin Chung‐Yin , Chao Chih‐Ying , Chen Yu‐Chieh , Yang Shu‐Mei , Lin Wenwei , Mei Hsieh‐Li Hsiu , Wu Yih‐Ru , Chang Kuo‐Hsuan , Lee‐Chen Guey‐Jen , Chen Chiung‐Mei 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMicrotubule‐associated protein Tau, abundant in the central nervous system (CNS), plays crucial roles in microtubule assembly and stabilization. Abnormal Tau phosphorylation and aggregation are a common pathogenic hallmark in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hyperphosphorylation of Tau could change its conformation and result in self‐aggregation, increased oxidative stress, and neuronal death. In this study, we examined the potential of licochalcone A (a natural chalcone) and five synthetic derivatives (LM compounds) for inhibiting Tau misfolding, scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and providing neuroprotection in human cells expressing proaggregant ΔK280 TauRD‐DsRed. All test compounds were soluble up to 100 μM in cell culture media and predicted to be orally bioavailable and CNS‐active. Among them, licochalcone A and LM‐031 markedly reduced Tau misfolding and associated ROS, promoted neurite outgrowth, and inhibited caspase 3 activity in ΔK280 TauRD‐DsRed 293 and SH‐SY5Y cells. Mechanistic studies showed that LM‐031 upregulates HSPB1 chaperone, NRF2/NQO1/GCLC pathway, and CREB‐dependent BDNF/AKT/ERK/BCL2 pathway in ΔK280 TauRD‐DsRed SH‐SY5Y cells. Decreased neurite outgrowth upon induction of ΔK280 TauRD‐DsRed was rescued by LM‐031, which was counteracted by knockdown of NRF2 or CREB. LM‐031 further rescued the downregulated NRF2 and pCREB, reduced Aβ and Tau levels in hippocampus and cortex, and ameliorated cognitive deficits in streptozocin‐induced hyperglycemic 3 × Tg‐AD mice. Our findings strongly indicate the potential of LM‐031 for modifying AD progression by targeting HSPB1 to reduce Tau misfolding and activating NRF2 and CREB pathways to suppress apoptosis and promote neuron survival, thereby offering a new drug development avenue for AD treatment.
Response of preterm infants with transient hypothyroxinaemia of prematurity to the thyrotropin‐releasing hormone stimulation test is characterized by a delayed decrease in thyroid‐stimulating hormone after the peak
Authors: Yamamoto Akane , Iwanaga Kogoro , Matsukura Takashi , Niwa Fusako , Morimoto Takeshi , Takita Junko , Kawai Masahiko 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesWe evaluated the response to the thyrotropin‐releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test in very low‐birth weight (VLBW) infants to elucidate the aetiology of transient hypothyroxinaemia of prematurity (THOP).Design and MethodsWe performed TRH stimulation tests on 43 VLBW infants. Subjects were divided into two groups; a THOP group (N = 11; basal TSH < 15 mU/L and basal FT4 ≤ 0.8 ng/dL) and a non‐THOP group (N = 32; basal TSH < 15 mU/L and basal FT4 > 0.8 ng/dL). Basal FT4 and FT3 were measured before, and TSH (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes) was measured after, the administration of TRH (7 µg/kg). We calculated the ratio of TSH 180 minutes to THS 0 minute as the primary outcome. We also collected data on T3 and rT3 in this study.ResultsIn both groups, TSH 30 minutes values were the highest. However, the ratios of TSH 180 minutes to THS 0 minutes in the non‐THOP group and the THOP group were (median [IQR]) 1.3 [1.0‐1.7] and 3.0 [1.5‐5.3] (P < .01). No significant differences were observed in T3 (1.0 [0.8‐1.3] and 0.7 [0.4‐0.7] ng/mL, P = .06). However, in the THOP group, rT3 was significantly lower than that of the non‐THOP group (168.0 [148.1‐197.0] and 92.9 [74.7‐101.6] pg/mL, P < .01).ConclusionsThe delayed decrease in the TSH concentration after the peak for the TRH tests and decreased levels of rT3 suggest that the main aetiology for THOP is suppression at the level of the hypothalamus, but not inactivation of peripheral thyroid hormone metabolism.
Maxillary implant overdenture retained by four unsplinted attachments and opposed by a natural or fixed dentition: One‐year clinical outcomes
Authors: Bouhy Alice , Rompen Eric , Lamy Marc , Legros Caroline , Lecloux Geoffrey , Lambert France 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the implant, prosthesis, and patient‐reported outcomes of maxillary removable prostheses retained by 4 implant‐supported study abutments after a follow‐up period of 1 year in patients with natural teeth or a fixed rehabilitation in the mandible.Materials and MethodsA total of 30 patients were included, and all received 4 implants in the upper maxilla. After 12 weeks, the prostheses were connected to the implant with unsplinted attachments. The implant and prosthodontics outcomes were assessed over a follow‐up period of 1 year. Patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) were evaluated with the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐20) questionnaire and an adaptation of the McGill Denture Satisfaction Instrument using a visual analogue scale (VAS).ResultsA single patient dropped out. At the post‐operative 12‐week follow‐up, 79.3% (95% CI: 64.6%–94.1%) of the patients displayed peri‐implant mucosa hyperplasia and 69.0% (95% CI: 52.1%–85.8%) showed pain. After 1 year, 16 implants failed in 10 patients, leading to an implant survival rate of 86.2% (95% CI: 79.0%–92.5%), and the mean peri‐implant bone loss was 1.01 ± 0.77 mm (95% CI: 0.85–1.16 mm). The prosthesis survival rate was 96.6% (95% CI: 82.2%–99.9%). The OHIP‐20 and VAS scores both improved significantly from baseline to 1 year (p < .001).ConclusionThe implant survival rate was lower compared to the literature for the upper maxilla. Despite the encountered problems, PROMs showed significant improvement with the implant overdenture retained by 4 unsplinted implants compared to conventional dentures.
Sociodemographic factors, current asthma and lung function in an urban child population
Authors: Yang‐Huang Junwen , van Grieken Amy , van Meel Evelien R. , He Huan , de Jongste Johan C. , Duijts Liesbeth , Raat Hein 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to assess which sociodemographic factors are associated with current asthma and indicators of lung function in 10‐year‐old children.MethodsWe analysed data of 5237 children (Mean age: 9.7, SD: 0.3) from the Generation R Study (2012‐2016), a population‐based cohort study in the Netherlands. Indicators of sociodemographic factors included parental educational level, net household income, financial difficulties, parental employment status and child ethnic background. Current asthma (yes/no) was defined as ever doctor‐diagnosed‐asthma combined with wheezing symptoms or asthma‐medication use in the past 12 months. Lung function was measured by spirometry and included forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, and forced expiratory flow after exhaling 75% of FVC (FEF75). Within‐study sex‐, height‐ and age‐adjusted lung function measurements’ z‐scores were converted.ResultsAfter adjustment for all sociodemographic factors, an independent association was observed between ethnic background with current asthma and lung function. Compared with children with a Dutch background, children with a nonwestern ethnic background had a higher odds of having current asthma (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.02, 2.53), lower FVC z‐score (−0.25, 95% CI: −0.35, −0.14), higher FEV1/FVC z‐score (0.26, 95% CI: 0.14, 0.37) and higher FEF75% z‐score (0.15, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.25).ConclusionsAmong 10‐year‐old children, ethnic background was associated with current asthma and lung function after adjusting for a wide range of sociodemographic factors. No associations were found between socioeconomic status indicators and current asthma. Explanations for these associations such as language barriers, suboptimal care or pathophysiological differences require further investigation.
Sintering and final properties of kaolinite‐magnesite tapes for the manufacture of cordierite‐mullite ceramics
Authors: Hammas Aghiles , Lecomte‐Nana Gisèle , Daou Imane , Zibouche Fatima 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe present work aims at studying the effect of the sintering temperature and magnesite addition on the structure and final properties of silicate ceramics tapes. A kaolinitic clay from Algeria was selected and mixed with different magnesite contents (≤12 mass%). Tape casting process was used to produce the green tapes in an aqueous system with optimized amount of surfactants. The green tapes were fired from 1000°C to 1200°C using a dwelling time of 30 minutes. The effect of the dwelling time was investigated for a firing temperature of 1200°C namely: 30 minutes, 1 hour 30 minutes and 3 hours for samples with 6 and 12 mass% of magnesite. Regarding firing conditions, crystalline phases, thermal conductivity, porosity, and flexural strength were analyzed. The results showed that increasing the sintering temperature to 1200°C tended to significantly decrease the total porosity of samples, which led to the improvement of the stress to rupture values. Specimens with 6 and 12 mass% sintered during 3 hours exhibited highest stress to rupture values (≈117 MPa) and lowest thermal conductivity (<0.2 W.m−1.K−1) and moderate open porosity (27%). The as‐obtained ceramics appeared promising for further utilization in refractory industry, thanks to the presence of both cordierite and mullite phases.
C/C‐SiC component for metallic phase change materials
Authors: Stahl Veronika , Shi Yuan , Kraft Werner , Lanz Tim , Vetter Peter , Jemmali Raouf , Kessel Fiona , Koch Dietmar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThanks to their high energy density and thermal conductivity, metallic Phase Change Materials (mPCM) have shown great potential to improve the performance of thermal energy storage systems. However, the commercial application of mPCM is still limited due to their corrosion behavior with conventional container materials. This work first addresses on a fundamental level, whether carbon‐based composite‐ceramics are suitable for corrosion critical components in a thermal storage system. The compatibility between the mPCM AlSi12 and the Liquid Silicon Infiltration (LSI)‐based carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide (C/C‐SiC) composite is then investigated via contact angle measurements, microstructure analysis, and mechanical testing after exposure. The results reveal that the C/C‐SiC composite maintains its mechanical properties and microstructure after exposure in the strongly corrosive mPCM. Based on these results, efforts were made to design and manufacture a container out of C/C‐SiC for the housing of mPCM in vehicle application. The stability of the component filled with mPCM was proven nondestructively via computer tomography (CT). Successful thermal input‐ and output as well as thermal storage ability were demonstrated using a system calorimeter under conditions similar to the application. The investigated C/C‐SiC composite has significant application potential as a structural material for thermal energy storage systems with mPCM.
Structural evolution of Lu2‐xCexTi2O7 pyrochlores under 400 keV Ne irradiation
Authors: Xia Yue , Yang Dongyan , Chen Chien‐Hung , Hao Yan , Ewing Rodney C. , Li Yuhong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractLu2‐xCexTi2O7 (LCTO) pyrochlores were irradiated by 400 keV Ne2+ with fluences (dose) of up to 5 × 1015 ions/cm2 (1.875 dpa). The detailed damage process was investigated by combining grazing incident angle X‐ray diffraction (GIXRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Subsequent to the 2% volume swelling at a fluence of 1 × 1014 ions/cm2 (0.037 dpa), the initially swollen LCTO pyrochlore formed both a disordered fluorite phase and a nanocrystalline pyrochlore phase at a fluence of 5 × 1014 ions/cm2 (0.185 dpa). At higher fluences, the fluorite phase diminished as amorphous domains increased in volume when the dose reached a fluence of 1 × 1015 ions/cm2 (0.371 dpa), while the nanocrystalline pyrochlore phase persisted. At the highest fluence of 5 × 1015 ions/cm2 (1.854 dpa), the amorphous fraction decreased, meanwhile the degree of crystallinity of nanocrystalline pyrochlore phase was enhanced, as evidenced by the increased intensity of superlattice diffraction maxima. The phase transformation and recrystallization can be explained by the release of strain in irradiation‐induced swollen pyrochlore crystallites. The evolution of the damage process is mainly driven by the differences in the Gibb's free energies of fluorite phase as compared with the pyrochlore phase as a function of grain size. We have demonstrated that ion beam techniques can be used to manipulate the phase stability and crystallite size of pyrochlore. These results provide the basis for tailoring the mechanical strength and response of pyrochlores to extreme radiation environments.
Microsporidia Can Acquire Lamin‐like Intermediate Filaments and Cell Adhesion Catenin‐cadherin Complexes from the Host (?)
Authors: Weidner Earl , Sokolova Yuliya Y. , Overstreet Robin M. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOn their spore surfaces, Microsporidia often develop a canopy of filaments with characteristics of intermediate filaments (IF), as we demonstrated in previous studies on Thelohania sp., Ameson michaelis, and Spraguea lophii. Genomic studies indicate that among invertebrates, lamins that may localize in the cytoplasm or nucleus, are the only known IF type. These IFs can bind to the substrate containing cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) cadherins, associated with β and γ catenins. The objects of this study were to determine whether microsporidia have CAMs with the attached IFs on their envelopes and to find out if these proteins are provided by the host. An examination was made for localization of lamins and CAMs on the spores of the mentioned above species and Anncaliia algerae, plus in the host animals. Then, we determined whether the spores of A. michaelis and A. algerae could bind vertebrate nuclear lamin onto the spore surface. We also tested transgenic Drosophila melanogaster stocks bearing cadherin‐GFP to see whether developing A. algerae parasites in these hosts could acquire host CAMs. The tests were positive for all these experiments. We hypothesize that microsporidia are able to acquire host lamin IFs and cell adhesion catenin–cadherin complexes from the host.
Perspectives from Ten Years of Protist Studies by High‐Throughput Metabarcoding
Authors: Santoferrara Luciana , Burki Fabien , Filker Sabine , Logares Ramiro , Dunthorn Micah , McManus George B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractDuring the last decade, high‐throughput metabarcoding became routine for analyzing protistan diversity and distributions in nature. Amid a multitude of exciting findings, scientists have also identified and addressed technical and biological limitations, although problems still exist for inference of meaningful taxonomic and ecological knowledge based on short DNA sequences. Given the extensive use of this approach, it is critical to settle our understanding on its strengths and weaknesses and to synthesize up‐to‐date methodological and conceptual trends. This article summarizes key scientific and technical findings, and identifies current and future directions in protist research that uses metabarcoding.
Feasibility of brief distress screening for family caregivers of adults diagnosed with schizophrenia in Changsha, Hunan, China
Authors: Guan Ziyao , Cross Wendy , Lam Louisa , Wiley James A. , Sun Mei , Bai Xiaoling , Tang Siyuan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
What is known on the subject?

Distress screening amongst FGs is emphasized in worldwide studies, but existing general tools were found time‐consuming and sometimes inconvenient when using them amongst FGs of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia.

The DT, a single‐item scale, was widely used to detect distress amongst FGs of cancer patients, showing good reliability, validity and discrimination power.

The 21‐item Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS21) can identify distress in the general population and serve as a criterion to determine an optimal cut‐off score of the DT.

What does the paper add to existing knowledge?

The DT presented good reliability, validity and discriminatory power amongst FGs of adults diagnosed with schizophrenia. A cut‐off score of six maximized sensitivity (77%) and specificity (76%). Over half of the FGs of adults diagnosed with schizophrenia reached this cut‐off score and experienced significant distress. Distress was higher in FGs of male patients, when FGs were parents, and for FGs whose educational background was primary school or below.

What are the implications for practice?

The DT is an effective alternative to existing instruments in identifying distressed FGs of adults diagnosed with schizophrenia. It is important to provide FGs with distress screening programmes and interventions (e.g. skill‐building psychoeducation) to identify and relieve distress. In addition, future research could explore brief measures to simultaneously recognize potential negative and positive impacts of caregiving in FGs.