bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of the Development of Android-Based Flipped Classroom Model between Jeddah and Indonesia
Authors: Ahmadi Farid , Mulyono Sungkowo Edi , Al-Ghamdi Bandar Ali Al-Rami , Harjunowibowo Dewanto 
Published: April 2020

The development of information communication and technology has brought a new paradigm of education globally and particularly in Indonesia. Face to face learning has some limitations in terms of understanding, space, and time. The general concept of the flipped classroom method is that the students learn the materials at home and do the reinforcement in the classroom as well as learn the materials they yet to understand. The teacher dominates the learning process verbalism and stressful due to the overload materials in time limitation. This leads to teachers’ unawareness of the student's understanding. Therefore, in Industry 4.0, the learning process internet-based become the primary alternative to overcome the gap. Android-based flipped classroom model is one of the chosen solutions in this research to develop the online teaching media and learning materials. The research aimed to compare the effect of the Android-based flipped classroom model against the students' achievement in one of the schools in Jeddah and Indonesia. Research and Development (R&D) adapted from Dick and Carey used in this research. The development of an Android-based flipped classroom model effectively implemented in Indonesia but did not effectively implement in Jeddah. The results showed that the students' achievement for Indonesian students was significantly higher than of Jeddah students. However, both students and teachers in both schools showed a positive response to the Android-based flipped classroom model.
Artificial Neural Network Based Machining Operation Selection for Prismatic Components
Authors: Natarajan K.K. , Gokulachandran J 
Published: April 2020

Computer-aided process planning systems are used to assist human planners in producing better process plans. New artificial intelligence techniques play a significant role in CAPP. CAPP research includes neural network approaches, knowledge-based techniques, Petri nets, agent-based, fuzzy set theory, genetic algorithm, Standard for the Exchange of Product model data (STEP)-Compliant CAPP, and Internet-based techniques. This study deals with the application of the Artificial Neural Network techniques (ANN) in CAPP because of their learning ability and massive potential toward dynamic planning. This study focuses on the usage of artificial neural networks machining operation selection and sequences of operations for prismatic components. The intelligent CAPP system suggests the best machining operation and its sequences for the prismatic components using tolerances, material requirements, and surface finish details. The process planning of machining features in part is the starting point. An enormous amount of knowledge is required for part feature process planning, like selecting proper material, size, stock, dimensional tolerance, and surface finish. In this work, various prismatic features, such as a hole, slot, pocket, boss, chamfer, fillet, and face are taken and details like material, size, stock, dimensional tolerance and surface finish are properly normalized and given as input to neural networks to find the required sequence of machining operation. LevenbergMarquidt algorithm was used to train the networks and was found very effective in operation sequence selection. A sample prismatic component with nine features have been analyzed and found to be more productive. Levenberg Marquidt algorithm is then compared with the conjugant space algorithm, and it is found that the former produces less error in outputs compared to them later.
Homocysteine Levels in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Ibadan
Authors: OLUTOGUN TOLULASE , FASOLA FOLUKE , Olufemi-Aworinde Kehinde , AKEN'OVA YETUNDE 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Homocysteine is produced from the conversion of methionine to cysteine. Conditions resulting in hyper homocysteinemia leads to an increased risk of both arterial and venous thromboembolisms by about 2 fold. 20% of HIV infected patients with objective evidence of venous thromboembolism are found to be thrombophilic with higher homocysteine levels. We enquired into homocysteine levels prior to the development of a clinical evidence of a venous thrombus in both HAART naïve and those on HAART of HIV /AIDS population. We evaluated the association between homocysteine, CD4 lymphocyte count and ART use in order to identify possible risk factors for hyper homocysteinemia in HIV population.
Method: Employing a cross sectional design; we compared mean plasma levels of homocysteine, full blood count parameters and CD4+ lymphocytes counts in HIV positive patients and HIV negative controls. One hundred and twenty patients with HIV infection attending the APIN clinic at the University College Hospital Ibadan and St Mary’s Catholic Hospital Eleta Ibadan and one hundred and twenty-six HIV negative healthy controls were compared in the study.
Results: Fifty-nine point one percent of the HIV positive patient had hyperhomocysteinemia i.e. homocysteine levels of >18µmol/l. The mean plasma homocysteine levels were significantly higher at 24.4µmol/l (SD=13.8) (CI -2 to -8; p=0.002) in the HIV positive group compared with 19.5µmol/L (SD=10.6) in the control group. The use of Anti-retroviral drugs was not associated with higher homocysteine level in the seropositive group and neither were factors like age, gender or the use of combined oral contraceptive pills. There was no correlation between CD4 cell count and homocysteine levels (r= -0.01; p=0.9).
Conclusion: Homocysteine levels are elevated in HIV positive patients and hyperhomocysteinemia was found in a significant number of HIV positive patients. None of the patients investigated had features of thromboembolism or outright deep venous thrombosis. Neither CD4 cell counts nor traditional risk factors were associated with the higher homocysteine levels.
Markers of Disease Severity Amongst Homozygous Sickle Cell Anaemia Attending Outpatient At Bowen University Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Authors: Olufemi-Aworinde Kehinde , Olutogun Tolulase , Abolarin Ademola , Olasinde Yetunde , Gbadero Daniel 
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Genetic, cellular and molecular modifiers are responsible for the notoriously variable sickle cell phenotype. Haemoglobin F is a principal modulator of the SCD phenotype. Haemoglobin F inhibits the polymerization of Haemoglobin S and ameliorates the secondary effects of sickling. We measured the Haemoglobin F(HbF) in our population and compared it with other markers associated with clinical severity and clinical status of the patients.
Methods: we randomly selected 40 Hemoglobin S(HbS) patients who have never taken hydroxyurea. We measured hemoglobin F levels, packed cell volume (PCV) and reticulocyte count to serve as markers for hemolysis, neutrophils, platelets and MCHC to serve as markers for clinical severity. We searched for a relationship between these laboratory features and frequency of vaso-occlusive crises, transfusion history and number of hospital visits per year. They were compared with twenty healthy Hemoglobin A (HbA) controls.
Results: Packed cell volume was significantly lower and the reticulocyte was significantly higher in the hemoglobin S compared with controls. The platelet count of the sickle cell anaemia patients was more than twice the number of the controls. The mean hemoglobin F level was 7.1± 3.5 %. The hemoglobin F was negatively correlated with the platelet count but positively correlated with the total white cell count and haematocrit but there was no significant correlation between hemoglobin F and clinical features
Conclusion: The fetal hemoglobin level may not be the only modifier responsible for phenotype in population of hemoglobin S
Arab Knee: Management and Prevention-A Case Report
Authors: J Inklebarger , N Galanis , Akhtar A  , Stone H  , Adel G  , Farooq G  , Gyer G  , Michael J  , Bernardotto M  
Published: April 2020

Radiographic osteoarthritis of the knee is very common in Saudi patients, especially in the patellofemoral compartment.
Some studies have considered repetitive daily prayer activities as a factor of causation. However prevention and management recommendations appear to be non-existent in the literature. This report describes the case of chronic bilateral anterior knee pain in a devout adult male, which was dramatically alleviated by simply using a padded cushion under the prayer rug. Simple strategies of temporarily modifying prayer posture, insuring good prayer form, and adequate knee padding, may offer promise as low tech and economical solution for the management of anterior knee pain in this cultural group.
Oral Health Knowledge Among Of Student Elementary School in Sumedang City, Indonesia
Authors: Sopiatin Siti , Susanto Agus , Metta Prajna , Rusyanti Yanti 
Published: April 2020

Prevalence of dental and oral diseases in Indonesia is high and tend to continue to increase. This study aims to determine the level of oral health knowledge of grade V and VI students at Tanjungsari III Elementary School in Sumedang City. Methods: This research is a quantitative descriptive study with cross-sectional research design using questionnaire. The study population was students at Tanjungsari III Elementary School with a total of 62 students (26 male and 36 female). Analysis of the data in this study was quantitative descriptive analysis techniques with percentages using three assessment categories, named: High, Medium, and Low. Results: The results of the study of the level of knowledge about oral health of students mostly in the medium category amounted to 69.35% with a total of 43 students. Whereas in the high category it was 14.52% with a total of 9 students, the low category was 16.13% with a total of 10 students. Conclusions: The level of oral health knowledge of the fifth and sixth grade students of Tanjungsari III Elementary School in Sumedang was the medium category. Continuous education and preventive measures to prevent oral diseases early were needed on elementary school students.
IS THERE ANY ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ORAL HYGIENE AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF TONSILLITIS OR TONSILLAR HYPERPLASIA
Authors: Adetayo Adekunle , MA Akinola , SM Oladeji , TA Oyedele , MO Adetayo , AE Ladele 
Published: April 2020

Background: The number of recurrent tonsillitis and tonsillar hyperplasia requiring tonsillectomies, annually is huge. Poor oral hygiene has been linked with the occurrence of these tonsillar diseases.
Objective: To determine the association between poor oral hygiene and tonsillitis and/or tonsillar hyperplasia.
Methodology: This was a study of association between oral hygiene and tonsillitis and/or tonsillar enlargement determined by correlating the Oral hygiene index scores (OHIS) and Decay Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) of subjects with complaint of sore throat with development of tonsillitis or tonsillar hyperplasia. A corresponding number of subjects with no symptoms of sore throat were used as control.
Results: A total of 80 subjects with sore throat were recruited into the study, comprising 49(61.3%) females and 31(38.7%) males with age ranging from 16 to 32 years. The control group comprised 45(56.3%) females and 35(43.7%) males with age ranging from 16 to 48 years.. OHIS of the test group was poorer than that of the control. Erythema (redness) of the tonsil was significantly correlated with OHIS in the test group but not in the control.
Conclusion: Poor oral hygiene seems to have an association with tonsillar infection and so the, otolaryngologists managing tonsillar infection should consider inter-disciplinary approach in the management of tonsillar diseases.
The Impact of Entrepreneurial Intentions & Actions on Environmental Sustainability: The Case of SMEs in Cameroon.
Authors: Ndi Isoh Alain Vilard , Cheyenne Fongum Ongia , Michael Cho Nkam 
Published: April 2020

The importance of corporate social responsibility is shaping investment decisions and entrepreneurial actions in diverse perspectives. The rapid growth of SMEs has tremendous impacts on the environment. Nonetheless, the economic emergence plan of Cameroon has prompted government support of SMEs through diverse projects. This saw economic growth increased to 3.8% and unemployment dropped to 4.3% caused by the expansion of private sector investments. The dilemma that necessitated this study is the response strategy of SMEs operators towards environmental sustainability. This study, thus seeks to examine the effects of entrepreneurial intentions and actions on environmental sustainability. The research is a conclusive case study design supported by the philosophical underpins of objectivism ontology and positivism epistemology. Data was sourced from four hundred (400) SMEs operators purposively sampled from the Centre and Littoral regions of Cameroon using structured questionnaire. Data was analysed using the Structural Equation Modelling technique with the aid of statistical packages including: SPSS 24 and AMOS 23. The study revealed that entrepreneurial action has weak positive statistical significant impacts on environmental sustainability; whereas entrepreneurial intention has strong positive statistical significant effects on environmental sustainability. Entrepreneurial intention comprised of self-efficacy and perceived control whereas, entrepreneurial actions involved entrepreneurial alertness and uncertainty. This study concludes that entrepreneurs in Cameroon have sustainable intentions to protect the environment but; the current actions taken are inadequate. This research recommends that entrepreneurs should enhance efforts toward attaining the state of genuine sustainability.
Keywords: Entrepreneurial Intention, Entrepreneurial Actions, Cameroon, Genuine sustainability
The Run Off and Erosion on Eucalyptus Plantation Pt. Toba Pulp Lestari Aek Nauli Sector Simalungun District
Authors: Purba Tioner , . Sutrisno 
Published: April 2020

This study aims to determine the amount of surface flow and the amount of erosion on vacant land and stands of Eucalyptus ages 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years in HTI PT. Toba Pulp Lestari, Aek Nauli sector. Observations dilakukan runoff and erosion measurements using runoff and erosion at each rain event system by observation of small plots measuring 22 x 4 m2 installed on each land cover circumstances. The state of each plot research is in the area of ​​vacant land, stands of age class 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years, with 9% slope. The number of plots a total of 6 plots. And surface flow measurement is done by measuring the volume of water in the drum. Observations magnitude of runoff and sedimentation performed every 2 months during rain events.
The results showed that the surface flow field measurement results showed variation and change in vacant land and a variety of ages eucalyptus. Lowest runoff occurs in the plot of land cover Eucalyptus age 1 year and highest in plots of land cover Eucalyptus age 2 years. The highest erosion rates occurred in plots of vacant land and is followed by a decrease in the Age of Eucalyptus 1,2,3,4 and 5 years.
The Tolerance of Several Hybrid Corn (Zea mays L.) Varieties Type on Cob Rot in the Plateau of Simalungun Regency
Authors: Girsang Warlinson , Girsang Rosmaria 
Published: April 2020

The research was carried out in Dolog Masagal Subdistrict, Simalungun Regency, altitude ± 1.100 m above sea level. The research was conducted from January to May 2019. The purpose of this study was to determine the tolerance level of several hybrid corn varieties to cob rot disease.
Methods for conducting the research used randomized block design (RBD) with 1 factor. Types of hybrid corn varieties tested were: Pioneer 29 (V1), NK 99 (V2), Pioneer 12 (V3), NK 22 (V4), Pioneer 4 (V5), Nusantara I (V6), Asia 1 (V7).The parameters observed were: plant height, cob diameter, cob length containing seeds, number of seed rows per cob, number of seeds per row, number of seeds per cob, husk cover in cob, cob rot intensity, the amount of dry production per plot, and the weight of 1.000 seeds.
Based on the research results, different types of hybrid corn varieties produce different tolerances of cob rot resistance in the Simalungun highlands. The most tolerant variety of cob rot disease is Pioneer 29 (mild damage scale = 0 - 10%). Different types of varieties planted also affect various components of growth and production, among others: plant height, number of seeds per row, number of seed rows per cob, husk cover on cob, dry production per plot, and weight of 100 grains. As for the parameters of cob diameter, cob length containing seeds and the number of seed rows per cob, the difference in varieties did not significantly affect.
Numerical analysis on the performance of Dual Rotor wind turbine
Authors: Abdel Karim Hazem Ali , El-Baz Ahmed Reda , Aziz Mahmoud Nabil Abdel , Hamed Ashraf Mostafa 
Published: April 2020

This study investigates the aerodynamic performance of wind turbines aiming to maximize the power extracted from the wind. The study is focusing on the effect of introducing a second rotor to the main rotor of the wind turbine in what is called a dual rotor wind turbine (DRWT). The numerical study took place on the performance of small-scale model of wind turbine of 0.9 m diameter using S826 airfoil.
Both the Co-rotating and Counter rotating configurations were investigated at different tip speed ratios (TSR) and compared with the performance of the single rotor wind turbine (SRWT). Many parameters were studied for dual rotor turbines. These include the spacing between the two rotors, the pitch angle of the rear rotor and the rotational speed of ratio rear to front rotor. Three-dimensional simulations performed and employed using CFD simulations with Multi Reference Frame (MRF) technique.
The Co Rotating Wind Turbine (CWT) and Counter Rotating Wind Turbine (CRWT) found to have better performance compared to that of the SRWT with an increase ranging from 12 to 14% in peak power coefficient. Moreover, the effect of changing the pitch angle of the rear rotor on the overall performance found to be of a negligible effect between angles 0⁰ until 2⁰ degrees tilting toward the front rotor. On the other hand, the ratio of rotational speed of the rear rotor to the front rotor found to cause a further increase in the peak performance of the CWT and CRWT ranging from 3 to 5%.
A Review of Dried Fruits and Vegetables Consumed In Northern Nigeria
Authors: Okaiyeto S. A. , S. I. Ogijo , Unguwanrimi Y. A. , Jonga B. J. , Sada A. M. 
Published: April 2020

Fresh fruits and vegetables are important foods both from economic and nutritional point of view. Fruits and vegetable of all types are valuable part of our diet, however, many vegetables are highly seasonal in nature, they are available in abundance at a particular season and sometimes result in market glut, while at off-season they become very scarce and expensive. Large quantities of these vegetables are lost during or shortly after harvest due to their perishable nature. Drying of vegetables as a means of reducing post-harvest losses and improve storability has been practiced for many centuries. As compared to fresh vegetables which can be kept for few days, dry products can be stored for months or even years without substantial loss of nutrients. This paper reviews some commonly dried fruits and vegetables consumed in northern Nigeria, which includes; Tomato, Okra, Baobab leaves, Sweet potato, Cassava, Moringa, Sorrel and Jute. A comprehensive review of preservation methods, price variation with season, storage and duration of these fruits and vegetables is presented and recommendations are made for further studies.
Fresh fruits and vegetables are important foods both from economic and nutritional point of view. Fruits and vegetable of all types are valuable part of our diet, however, many vegetables are highly seasonal in nature, they are available in abundance at a particular season and sometimes result in market glut, while at off-season they become very scarce and expensive. Large quantities of these vegetables are lost during or shortly after harvest due to their perishable nature. Drying of vegetables as a means of reducing post-harvest losses and improve storability has been practiced for many centuries. As compared to fresh vegetables which can be kept for few days, dry products can be stored for months or even years without substantial loss of nutrients. This paper reviews some commonly dried fruits and vegetables consumed in northern Nigeria, which includes; Tomato, Okra, Baobab leaves, Sweet potato, Cassava, Moringa, Sorrel and Jute. A comprehensive review of preservation methods, price variation with season, storage and duration of these fruits and vegetables is presented and recommendations are made for further studies.
The British Southern Cameroons Health Services as an Appendage to Nigerian Health Sector, 1922-1961
Authors: Ngwa Canute A. , Asongwe Christian 
Published: April 2020

The incidence of disease on the colonial agenda triggered the development of healthcare services by colonial administrations in Africa. In Southern Cameroons, the British administration fashioned a medical policy whose implementation spanned from 1922 to 1930. Informed by the colonial imperative, administrative and medical officers developed medical infrastructure, trained and engaged personnel, conducted research, and made efforts to roll back the incidence of various diseases. This took curative and preventive forms in a context of conflicting agendas, colonial arrogance, cultural ignorance, and defective infrastructure and personnel. The outcomes were beneficial to the colonial enterprise and detrimental to the economic wellbeing of the local population, the incidental benefits notwithstanding.
Corona Virus – The Dental Outlook
Authors: Pravallika Dr. Thorikonda Sai , Akula Dr. Sheetal , Balaji Dr. Kurnool , Jyothi Dr. Maddela , Reddy Dr. Jaidupally Ramvilas 
Published: April 2020

AIM: This review provides an overview of the corona virus and to determine the precautionary recommendations to be taken by the Dental Professionals.
BACKGROUND: Corona virus (COVID-19) in no time has captured the world’s attention and is declared as a pandemic by WHO.
REVIEW RESULTS: Dental care settings inevitably carry the risk of infection due to the specificity of the procedures and effective preventive measures can help the spread of the infection.
CONCLUSION: The outbreak of corona virus had already lead to huge number of deaths and its risk continues to remain high. Infection control measures are necessary to help control the situation.
KEYWORDS: Corona virus, Pandemic, Dental considerations