bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parents' and medical staff's experience of adolescents with suicide-related behaviors admitted to a general hospital in China: qualitative study
Authors: Fu Xi , Yang Jiaxin , Liao Xiaoli , Shen Yidong , Ou Jianjun , Li Yamin , Chen Runsen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Currently, there is increasing awareness of suicide-related behaviors. Mental health services are a key location for assisting people with suicide-related behaviors. However, few studies focused on the evaluation and experience of the mental health care system from families and the medical staff’s perspective in China. The study aims to explore parents' and the front-line medical staff's experience of an adolescent with suicide-related behaviors admitted to the psychiatry department of a general hospital in China. Design: Qualitative study was employed in the study. Participants were recruited from a general hospital in China characterized by high levels in the Chinese mental health system. Methods: Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted exploring their experience and perceptions when an adolescent was admitted to the hospital. The theme analysis method is used for data analysis. Results: Participants expressed dissatisfaction in the psychiatric department. Other barriers in their work were identified, such as the shortage of staff and difficulties in caring or communicating with patients. Besides, the imperfect treatment system also contributes to the low satisfaction of patients and their families. Two themes and six subthemes were identified: 1) staff perceive patients with SRBs as difficult to engage (feelings of helplessness, the need for compassion, challenges of professional self-efficacy, the recommendations to the health care service); 2) parents not satisfied with the existing hospital services (doubt the hospitalization treatment and the advice to the health care service). Conclusion: This study found that insufficient staffing and lacking of systematic professional treatment models are the major challenges. We suggest increasing the input of mental health resources to expand and train the mental health service team and establish a complete set of a treatment model for SRBs.
Hypoxia-induced Tie1&nbsp;drives stemness and cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung carcinoma cells
Authors: Li Chaojie , Yang Nannan , Chen Zhijin , Xia Ning , Shan Qungang , Wang Ziyin , Lu Jian , Shang Mingyi , Wang Zhongmin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Drug resistance and metastasis involving hypoxic tumor environments and persistent stem cell populations are detrimental to the survival of patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Tie1 is upregulated in hypoxia and is believed to counteract the effectiveness of platinum agents by promoting the stemness properties in cells. We have investigated the association of Tie1 with HIF-1α and cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cell lines.Methods: The expression of Tie1 in a pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell line (HPMEC) and NSCLC cell lines was detected using qRT-PCR and western blotting. The effect of Tie1 on cell stemness and migration was examined by sphere-forming and transwell assays in NSCLC cells with Tie1 silenced. The regulation of Tie1 by HIF-1α was evaluated by a dual-luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation.Results: We found that hypoxia could induce stemness and cisplatin resistance in vitro. Tie1 was expressed at low levels in NSCLC cells when compared with human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, however, its expression was increased by hypoxia. Additionally, Tie1 knockdown could reduce stemness properties and increase sensitivity to cisplatin in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model. The promoter of Tie1 contains two predicted hypoxia-response elements (HREs). We mutated both HRE sites and conducted chromatin immune-precipitation and promoter luciferase reporter assays and were able to conclude that the induction of Tie1 by hypoxia was HIF-1α-dependent.Conclusions: Our findings indicated that Tie1 is upregulated in a hypoxic environment by HIF-1α and contributes to tumorigenesis and cisplatin resistance through the promotion of stemness in NSCLC cells.
Comparison of lumbar endoscopic unilateral laminotomy bilateral decompression and minimally invasive surgery transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for one-level lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Hua Wenbin , Wang Bingjin , Ke Wencan , Wu Xinghuo , Zhang Yukun , Li Shuai , Yang Shuhua , Yang Cao 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of the present study is to compare the clinical outcomes and postoperative complications of lumbar endoscopic unilateral laminotomy bilateral decompression (LE-ULBD) and minimally invasive surgery transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) to treat one-level lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) without degenerative spondylolisthesis or deformity. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 112 consecutive patients of one-level LSS undergoing either LE-ULBD or MIS-TLIF was performed. Patient demographics, operation time, estimated blood loss, time to ambulation, length of hospitalization, intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. The visual analog scale (VAS) score for leg and back pain, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score, and the Macnab criteria were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes. The healthcare cost was also recorded.Results: The operation time, estimated blood loss, time to ambulation and length of hospitalization of LE-ULBD group were shorter than MIS-TLIF group. The postoperative mean VAS and ODI scores decreased significantly in both groups. According to the modified Macnab criteria, the outcomes rated as excellent/good rate were 90.6% and 93.8% in the two groups. The mean VAS scores, ODI scores and outcomes of the modified Macnab criteria of both groups were of no significant difference. The healthcare cost of LE-ULBD group was lower than MIS-TLIF group. Two cases of intraoperative epineurium injury were observed in the LE-ULBD group. One case of cauda equina injury was observed in the LE-ULBD group. No nerve injury, dural injury or cauda equina syndrome was observed in MIS-TLIF group. However, one case with transient urinary retention, one case with pleural effusion, one case with incision infection and one case with implant dislodgement were observed in MIS-TLIF group. Conclusions: Both LE-ULBD and MIS-TLIF are safe and effective to treat one-level LSS without degenerative spondylolisthesis or deformity. LE-ULBD is a more minimally invasive option and of less economic burden compared with MIS-TLIF. Decompression plus instrumented fusion may be not necessary for one-level LSS without degenerative spondylolisthesis or deformity.
The association between retinal vessel abnormalities and H-type hypertension
Authors: Huang Kuankuan , Zhang Zhixiang , Huang Shan , Jia Yanwen , Zhang Min , Yun Wenwei 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between H-type hypertension and retinal vessel abnormalities. Methods: Hypertensive patients were retrospectively enrolled in this study. According to plasma homocysteine (HCY), patients were divided into isolated hypertension and H-type hypertension groups. The diameter of retinal vessels and retinopathy were evaluated using retinal fundus photography. The differences of retinal vessel abnormalities between H-type hypertension and isolated hypertension were investigated by univariate and multivariate regression. Results: A total of 191 hypertensive patients were included, of which 86 were with isolated hypertension and 105 with H-type hypertension. The H-type hypertension group had a higher ratio of retinopathy(P=0.004) and higher degree of retinal arteriosclerosis (P=0.005) than the isolated hypertension group. CRAE (107.47±13.99mm v 113.49±11.72mm, P=0.002) and AVR (0.55±0.06 v 0.58±0.06, P=0.001) were smaller in H-type hypertension group than those in isolated hypertension group. Multivariate analysis showed that after adjusting for age, sex, course of hypertension and diabetes, H-type hypertension was an independent risk factor of retinopathy(OR, 2.259; 95%CI, 1.165—4.378; P=0.016), CRAE (B=-5.669; 95%CI, -9.452—-1.886; P=0.004), and AVR (B=-0.023; 95%CI,-0.039—-0.007; P=0.005). Conclusion: H-type hypertension is closely related to more retinal vessel abnormalities than isolated hypertension. Controlling H-type hypertension may reduce the risk of small vascular damage.
Effect of the Versatile Bifunctional Chelator AAZTA5 on the Radiometal Labelling properties and the in vitro performance of a Gastrin Releasing Peptide Receptor Antagonist
Authors: Hofstetter Michael , Moon Euy Sung , D'Angelo Fabio , Geissbühler Lucien , Alberts Ian , Afshar-Oromieh Ali , Rösch Frank , Rominger Axel , Gourni Eleni 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Gastrin Releasing Peptide receptor (GRPr)-based radioligands have shown great promise for diagnostic imaging of GRPr-positive cancers, such as prostate and breast.The present study aims at developing and evaluating a versatile GRPr-based probe for both PET/SPECT imaging as well as intraoperative and therapeutic applications. The influence of the versatile chelator AAZTA5 on the radiometal labelling properties and the in vitro performance of the generated radiotracers were thoroughly investigated.The GRPr-based antagonist D-Phe-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Sta-Leu-NH2 was functionalized with the chelator 6-[Bis(carboxymethyl)amino]-1,4-bis(carboyxmethyl)-6-methyl-1,4-diazepane (AAZTA5) through the spacer 4-amino-1-carboxymethyl-piperidine (Pip) to obtain AAZTA5-Pip-D-Phe-Gln-Trp-Ala-Val-Gly-His-Sta-Leu-NH2 (LF1). LF1 was radiolabelled with gallium-68 (PET), indium-111 (SPECT, intraoperative applications) and lutetium-177 (therapy, SPECT). In vitro evaluation included stability studies, determination of lipophilicity, protein-binding studies, determination of Kd and Bmax as well as internalization studies using the epithelial human prostate cancer cell line PC3. In vitro monotherapy as well as combination therapy studies were further performed to assess its applicability as a theranostic compound.Results: LF1 was labelled with gallium-68, indium-111 and lutetium-177 within 5 min at room temperature (RT). The apparent molar activities (Am) were ranging between 50-60 GBq/µmol for the 68Ga-labelled LF1, 10-20 GBq/µmol for the 111In- and 177Lu-labelled LF1. The radiotracers were stable for a period of 4 h post labeling exhibiting a hydrophilic profile with an average of a LogDoctanol/PBS of -3, while the bound activity to the human serum protein was approximately 10%. 68/natGa-LF1, 177/natLu-LF1 and 111/natIn-LF1 exhibited high affinity for the PC3 cells, with Kd values of 16.3±2.4 nM, 10.3±2.73 nM and 5.2±1.9 nM, respectively, and the required concentration of the radiotracers to saturate the receptors (Bmax) was between 0.5 and 0.8 nM which corresponds to approximately 4 x 105 receptors per cell. Low specific internalization rate was found in cell culture, while the total specific cell surface bound uptake always exceeded the internalized activity. In vitro therapy studies showed that inhibition of PC3 cells growth is somewhat more efficient when combination of 177Lu-labelled LF1 with rapamycin is applied compared to 177Lu-laballed LF1 alone.Conclusion: Encouraged by these promising in vitro data, preclinical evaluation of the LF1 precursor are planned in tumour models in vivo.
Post-trial Perceptions of a Symptom-based TB Screening Intervention in South Africa: Implementation Insights and Future Directions for TB Preventative Healthcare Services
Authors: Salazar-Austin Nicole , Milovanovic Minja , West Nora S , Tladi Molefi , Barnes Grace Link , Variava Ebrahim , Martinson Neil , Chaisson Richard E , Kerrigan Deanna 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis is a top-10 cause of under-5 mortality, despite policies promoting tuberculosis preventive therapy (TPT). We previously conducted a cluster randomized trial to evaluate the effectiveness of symptom-based versus tuberculin skin-based screening on child TPT uptake. Symptom-based screening did not improve TPT uptake and nearly two-thirds of child contacts were not identified or not linked to care. Here we qualitatively explored healthcare provider perceptions of factors that impacted TPT uptake among child contacts. Methods: Sixteen in-depth interviews were conducted with key informants including healthcare providers and administrators who participated in the trial in Matlosana, South Africa. The participants’ experience with symptom-based screening, study implementation strategies, and ongoing challenges with child contact identification and linkage to care were explored. Interviews were systematically coded and thematic content analysis was conducted. Results: Participants’ had mixed opinions about symptom-based screening and high acceptability of the study implementation strategies. A key barrier to optimizing child contact screening and evaluation was the supervision and training of community health workers. Conclusions: Symptom screening is a simple and effective strategy to evaluate child contacts, but additional pediatric training is needed to provide comfort with decision making. New clinic-based child contact files were highly valued by providers who continued to use them after trial completion. Future interventions to improve child contact management will need to address how to best utilize community health workers in identifying and linking child contacts to care. Trial Registration: The results presented here were from research related to NCT03074799, retrospectively registered on 9 March 2017.
MiR-489-3p reduced pancreatic cancer proliferation and metastasis by targeting PKM2 and LDHA involving glycolysis
Authors: Zhang Dan , He zhiwei , Shen Yiyi , wang Jie , Liu Tao , Jiang Jianxin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Malignant proliferation and chemotherapy resistance are some of the causes of high mortality in pancreatic cancer. MicroRNAs have for a long period been a hot spot in cancer research and are involved in tumor formation and metabolic stress responses. miR-489-3p is involved in the inhibition of the growth of many tumors. However, its relationship with the growth and metabolism of pancreatic cancer is not clear.Methods：We used RNA in situ hybridization to analyze the differential expression of miR-489-3p in pancreatic cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. The qRT-PCR experiment detected the content of miR-489-3p in pancreatic cancer cell lines and ordinary pancreatic ductal epithelial cells. Then we did experiments in vivo (subcutaneous tumor formation in nude mice) and in vitro (plate cloning, transwell, glycolysis related experiments) experiments to verify that miR-489-3p can continue the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer and glucose metabolism. Furthermore, we confirmed that LDHA and PKM2 are the two targets of miR-489-3p through dual luciferase reporter gene experiments. Finally, several reply experiments were done to verify the regulation mechanism of miR-489-3p.Results: We determined that miR-489-3p was under-expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues by RNA in situ hybridization. The function acquisition and deletion and glycolysis experiments confirmed that miR-489-3p could inhibit the proliferation and invasion of Glycolysis. On the analysis of the website, we found that miR-489-3p could target LDHA and PKM, a finding that we verified through the luciferase report experiment. Therefore, we proceeded with recovery experiments on LDHA and PKM2 and concluded that miR-489-3p performed its function by targeting LDHA and PKM2. Finally, in vivo experiments confirmed that highly expressed miR-489-3p inhibited the growth of pancreatic cancer.Conclusion: In short, this study has identified miR-489-3p as a novel chemotherapy target for pancreatic cancer, but its diagnostic value deserves further study.
Common Causes and Characteristics of Adverse Drug Reactions in Older Adults: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Woo Seong-Dae , Yoon Jiwon , Doo Go-Eun , Park Youjin , Lee Youngsoo , Lee So-Hee , Lee Young-Hee , Ye Young-Min 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Aging populations are often accompanied by comorbidity and polypharmacy, leading to increases in adverse drug reactions (ADRs). We sought to evaluate the causes and characteristics of ADRs in older Korean adults (≥65 years) in comparison to younger individuals (<65 years).

Methods: Of 37,523 cases reported at a Korean pharmacovigilance center from 2011 to 2018, we reviewed 18,842 ADRs of certain or probable causality on the basis of WHO-UMC criteria. We estimated the number of ADRs per 1,000 patients exposed to the major culprit drugs, and incidence rate ratios were obtained to assess high- and low-risk medications in older adults.

Results: In total, 4,152 (22.0%) ADRs were reported for 3,437 older adults (mean age, 74.6 years and 57.3% female). Tramadol (rate ratio, 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-1.44; P <0.001) and fentanyl (1.49, 1.16-1.92, P =0.002) posed higher risks of ADRs in the older adults, whereas nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (0.35, 0.30-0.40, P <0.001) and iodinated contrast media (ICM) (0.82, 0.76-0.89, P <0.001) posed lower risks. Ratios of serious ADRs to NSAIDs (odds ratio, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.48-3.15; P <0.001) and ICM (2.09, 1.36-3.21, P= 0.001) were higher in the older adults than in the younger patients. Analgesics primarily elicited cutaneous ADRs in the younger patients and gastrointestinal reactions in the older adults. ICM more commonly led to anaphylaxis in the older adults than the younger patients (3.0% vs. 1.6%, P =0.019).

Conclusion: For early detection of ADRs in older adults, better understanding of differences in the causes and characteristics thereof in comparison to the general population is needed.
Coincidence Analysis: A New Method for Causal Inference in Implementation Science
Authors: Whitaker Rebecca Garr , Sperber Nina , Baumgartner Michael , Thiem Alrik , Cragun Deborah , Damschroder Laura , Miech Edward J. , Slade Alecia , Birken Sarah A. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Implementation of multifaceted interventions typically involves many diverse elements working together in interrelated ways, including intervention components, implementation strategies, and features of local context. Given this real-world complexity, implementation researchers may be interested in a new mathematical, cross-case method called Coincidence Analysis (CNA) that has been designed explicitly to support causal inference, answer research questions about combinations of conditions that are minimally necessary or sufficient for an outcome, and identify the possible presence of multiple causal paths to an outcome. CNA can be applied as a standalone method or in conjunction with other approaches, and can reveal new empirical findings related to implementation that might otherwise have gone undetected. Methods: We applied CNA to a publicly available dataset from Sweden with county-level data on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination campaigns and vaccination uptake in 2012 and 2014 and then compared CNA results to the published regression findings. Results: The original regression analysis found vaccination uptake was positively associated only with the availability of vaccines in schools. CNA produced different findings and uncovered an additional solution path: high vaccination rates were achieved by either (1) offering the vaccine in all schools or (2) a combination of offering the vaccine in some schools and media coverage. Conclusions. CNA offers a new comparative approach for researchers seeking to understand how implementation conditions work together and link to outcomes.
Perioperative risk factors of psychological distress in patients undergoing treatment for esophageal cancer
Authors: Ohkura Yu , Shindoh Junichi , Ichikura Kanako , Udagawa Harushi , Ueno Masaki , Matsushima Eisuke 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background:Esophageal cancer patients often feel depressed and are fearful of metastasis and death. The objective of this study was to clarify the characteristics of patients with psychological distress at all 5time points compared with patients with no psychological distress especially from standpoints of personal coping styles and QOL.Methods:In total, 102 of 152 consecutive patients who attended the outpatient clinic at Toranomon Hospital between April 2017 and April 2019 met eligibility criteria for inclusion in this study. Questionnaires designed to identify psychological distress(HADS-scores) and assess QOL(EORTC QLQ C-30/OES18) were administered at 5 time points from the time of the first outpatient consultation to 3 months after esophagectomy. The questionnaire of coping strategies(MAC-scales) was administered at only Time1 point.Results:Based on the trends of HADS-scores, we defined two groups:“persistent high-HAD scores” and “persistent low-HADS scores”. There are strong relationships between psychological distress and coping strategy, and psychological distress and QOL. The possibility that there are relationships between stress coping strategies and some QOL status depending on some point of treatment.Conclusions:The psychological distress during treatment course of esophageal cancer is significantly associated with the coping strategies and QOL influenced by esophagectomy. This study can provide baseline information for identifying patients in need of psychological management and paves the way for larger clinical studies in the future.