bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking vegetation patterns, wetlands conservation, and ecosystem services provision: From publication to application
Authors: Bolpagni Rossano 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Natural wetlands emerge as the best sites to preserve the diversity of aquatic and riparian vegetation; however, especially in the lowlands, pristine wetlands and aquatic ecosystems have almost completely disappeared through land reclamation and agricultural development. Actions are needed, therefore, to maintain and recreate a wide network of wetlands able to preserve adequate levels of vegetation diversity.
Focusing on a complex wetland system located in an overexploited plain, the article entitled ‘The importance of being natural in a human‐altered riverscape: Role of wetland type in supporting habitat heterogeneity and the functional diversity of vegetation’, published in 2016 in Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems (AQC) explored the role of wetland origin and hydrology as the main drivers of physical and vegetation functional diversity, following a hierarchical sampling approach.
The main results reinforced the key contribution of natural sites in maintaining vegetation diversity in heavily impaired riverine contexts, suggesting a direct effect of the interannual and seasonal dynamics of water‐level variations in the observed vegetation patterns.
The article offered an important contribution to our knowledge of vegetation patterns in wetlands, partly attributed to the innovative functional, hierarchical approach applied which is able to guarantee reliable data on the distribution patterns of physical heterogeneity and wetland vegetation.
The findings of the article have been applied and adopted in a series of technical handbooks designed, inter alia, to support the monitoring programmes of habitats of community interest or vegetation of relevance for aquatic biodiversity conservation. In addition, this article has helped to raise awareness of the essential roles played by wetlands in agricultural landscapes and has emphasized the need for a better synergy between the European Habitats Directive and the Water Framework Directive. Several ecological recovery projects have been funded in line with the results described in the AQC article.
Residual marine protected areas five years on: Are we still favouring ease of establishment over need for protection?
Authors: Devillers Rodolphe , Pressey Robert L. , Ward Trevor J. , Grech Alana , Kittinger John N. , Edgar Graham J. , Watson Reg A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are today's cornerstone of many marine conservation strategies. Our 2015 study (Devillers et al., 2015) and others have shown, however, that the placement of MPAs is ‘residual’ to commercial uses and biased towards areas of lower economic value or interest.

In this paper, we explored the impact of our study on marine science, policy and management practice.

We reviewed the papers citing our work and compiled expert opinions on some of the impacts of our study.

Results indicate a strong general uptake in the scientific community but more uneven impacts on policy and management in different contexts, with a likely smaller impact of the research on conservation practice.
Freshwater turtle bycatch research supports science‐based fisheries management
Authors: Larocque Sarah M. , Lake Colin , Midwood Jonathan D. , Nguyen Vivian M. , Blouin‐Demers Gabriel , Cooke Steven J. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAlthough it is sometimes difficult for researchers to ensure that their work is used by resource managers to make informed decisions, an example where this knowledge–action gap has been breached is in research published inAquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems(AQC) – among other journals – that has assisted fisheries managers in identifying strategies for reducing freshwater turtle bycatch in commercial hoop net fisheries in Ontario, Canada.Research published in AQC has provided evidence towards a simple and effective method for preventing turtle bycatch mortality in hoop nets, which could be adopted by the fishers. Other research published in AQC evaluated the effect of bycatch mortality on the probability of persistence of turtle populations with population viability analyses, and outlined the need to minimize bycatch mortality to prevent local extirpation. Nine other papers have been published on freshwater turtle bycatch in Ontario, furthering our knowledge on this issue including seasonality and temperature effects on catches, other net modifications, post‐release effects and assisted recovery, and the perspectives of fishers.The research results were presented to local resource managers with further discussions involving industry and stakeholders to minimize turtle bycatch mortality. Over several years, researchers have provided information to resource managers; however, when an incident of high turtle mortality caught the public eye, the research was readily available and changes in regulations were quick to occur.Reasonably good communication among researchers, resource managers, industry, stakeholders, and the broader public allowed the rapid implementation of regulations to mitigate freshwater turtle bycatch mortality and bridged the knowledge–action gap between researchers and resource managers.Both articles published in AQC had practical conservation impacts and were influential in providing local resource managers with feasible solutions, and the impetus to change regulations. These impacts extended to other jurisdictions and their monitoring programmes, where methods to reduce turtle bycatch mortality were also implemented.
Biscoumarin–pyrimidine conjugates as potent anticancer agents and binding mechanism of hit candidate with human serum albumin
Authors: Reddy Dinesh S. , Kongot Manasa , Singh Vishal , Siddiquee Md. Abrar , Patel Rajan , Singhal Nitin K. , Avecilla Fernando , Kumar Amit 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn our continuing efforts to develop therapeutically active coumarin‐based compounds, a series of new C4–C4′ biscoumarin–pyrimidine conjugates (1a–l) was synthesized via SN2 reaction of substituted 4‐bromomethyl coumarin with thymine. All compounds were characterized using spectroscopic techniques, that is, attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR‐IR), CHN elemental analysis, and 1H and 13C NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). In addition, the structure of compound 1d (1,3‐bis[(7‐chloro‐2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐4‐yl)methyl]‐5‐methylpyrimidine‐2,4(1H,3H)‐dione) was established through X‐ray crystallography. Compounds 1a–l were screened for in vitro anticancer activity against C6 rat glioma cells. Among the screened compounds, 1,3‐bis[(6‐chloro‐2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐4‐yl)methyl]‐5‐methylpyrimidine‐2,4(1H,3H)‐dione (1c) was identified as the best antiproliferative candidate, exhibiting an IC50 value of 4.85 μM. All the compounds (1a–l) were found to be nontoxic toward healthy human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293), indicating their selective nature. In addition, the most active compound (1c) displayed strong binding interactions with the drug carrier protein, human serum albumin, and exhibited good solution stability at biological pH conditions. Fluorescence, UV–visible spectrophotometry and molecular modeling methodologies were employed for studying the interaction mechanism of compound 1c with protein.
Bovine β‐casein binding studies of a Schiff base ligand: fluorescence and circular dichroism approaches
Authors: Sarreshtehdari Nooshin , Mohseni‐Shahri Fatemeh S. , Moeinpour Farid 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIn this study, a Schiff base derived from a heterocyclic moiety was synthesized and characterized. The in vitro binding behaviour of this ligand with β‐casein (β‐CN) was investigated using biophysical techniques. For evaluation, thermodynamics variables of interactions between the Schiff base ligand and β‐CN, such as fluorescence at different temperatures, were measured. The results showed that the Schiff base ligand possessed considerable associated binding to β‐CN and that the procedure was enthalpy driven. The β‐CN conformation was also changed to give a further unfolded structure. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer was used to estimate the interval between donor (β‐CN) and acceptor (Schiff base ligand). All these experimental results proposed that β‐CN might act as carrier protein for the Schiff base ligand to deliver it to the target molecules.
Vitamin D supplementation improves anxiety but not depression symptoms in patients with vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Zhu Cuizhen , Zhang Yu , Wang Ting , Lin Yezhe , Yu Jiakuai , Xia Qingrong , Zhu Peng , Zhu Dao‐min 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectiveEpidemiological evidence indicated a relationship between vitamin D (VD) and depression with anxiety, but their therapeutic relationship has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to examine whether VD supplementation would relieve symptoms in patients with depression and anxiety with low serum 25‐hydroxy VD [25(OH) D] levels.MethodParticipants with low 25(OH)D levels were randomized to control or daily VD group and were followed up for 6 months. Serum concentrations of 25(OH) D were measured using commercial kits. Psychological symptoms were evaluated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale‐17 (HAMD‐17), Revised Social Anhedonia Scale (RSAS), Revised Physical Anhedonia scale (RPAS), and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale‐14 (HAMA‐14). The trial was listed in the trial registration (http://www.medresman.org.cn/uc/index.aspx; NTR number: ChiCTR2000030130).ResultsIn this clinical population, no significant difference in depression symptoms was detected between VD group and control group at both baseline and at the endpoint of our study. The HAMD‐17, RSAS, and RPAS scores did not change significantly between VD and control groups from baseline to endpoint (all p > .05). However, there was a significant difference in time effect of the total HAMA‐14 scores between the two groups (β [95% Cl] = −2.235 [−3.818, −0.653], p = .006).ConclusionsVitamin D supplementation could improve the anxiety symptoms but not depressive symptoms in depressive patients with low VD level after the 6‐month intervention.
An Iodinated DAPI‐Based Reagent for Mass Cytometry
Authors: Rana Rahul , Chang Qing , Bassan Jay , Chow Sue , Hedley David , Nitz Mark 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMultiparametric single‐cell analysis has seen dramatic improvements with the introduction of mass cytometry (MC) and imaging mass cytometry (IMC™). These technologies expanded the number of biomarkers that can be identified simultaneously by using heavy‐isotope‐tagged antibody reagents. Small‐molecule probes bearing heavy isotopes are emerging as additional useful functional reporters of cellular features. Realizing this, we explored the iodination of DAPI to produce a heavy‐atom‐substituted derivative of the commonly used fluorescent DNA stain. Although exhibiting a drastically reduced fluorescence emission profile, I‐DAPI retains strong binding affinity for DNA. I‐DAPI was used to detect cellular DNA in MC and IMC™ assays with comparable efficiency to known Ir‐containing DNA intercalators. This work suggests repurposing well‐known colorimetric stains through simple reactions could be an effective strategy to develop new, functional MC and IMC™ reagents.
Butane Dry Reforming Catalyzed by Cobalt Oxide Supported on Ti2AlC MAX Phase
Authors: Ronda‐Lloret Maria , Marakatti Vijaykumar S. , Sloof Willem G. , Delgado Juan José , Sepúlveda‐Escribano Antonio , Ramos‐Fernandez Enrique V. , Rothenberg Gadi , Shiju N. Raveendran 
Published: September 2020

AbstractMAX (Mn+1AXn) phases are layered carbides or nitrides with a high thermal and mechanical bulk stability. Recently, it was shown that their surface structure can be modified to form a thin non‐stoichiometric oxide layer, which can catalyze the oxidative dehydrogenation of butane. Here, the use of a Ti2AlC MAX phase as a support for cobalt oxide was explored for the dry reforming of butane with CO2, comparing this new catalyst to more traditional materials. The catalyst was active and selective to synthesis gas. Although the surface structure changed during the reaction, the activity remained stable. Under the same conditions, a titania‐supported cobalt oxide catalyst gave low activity and stability due to the agglomeration of cobalt oxide particles. The Co3O4/Al2O3 catalyst was active, but the acidic surface led to a faster deactivation. The less acidic surface of the Ti2AlC was better at inhibiting coke formation. Thanks to their thermal stability and acid‐base properties, MAX phases are promising supports for CO2 conversion reactions.
Reduction of hypoglycaemia, lifestyle modifications and psychological distress during lockdown following SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Caruso Irene , Di Molfetta Sergio , Guarini Francesca , Giordano Fiorella , Cignarelli Angelo , Natalicchio Annalisa , Perrini Sebastio , Leonardini Anna , Giorgino Francesco , Laviola Luigi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAimsTo assess changes in glucose metrics and their association with psychological distress and lifestyle changes in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using flash glucose monitoring (FGM) during lockdown following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 outbreak.Materials and methodsSingle‐centre, observational, retrospective study enrolling T1D patients who attended a remote visit on April 2020 at the Endocrinology division of the University Hospital Policlinico Consorziale, Bari, Italy. Lockdown‐related changes in physical activity level and dietary habits were assessed on a semi‐quantitative basis. Changes in general well‐being were assessed by the General Health Questionnaire‐12 items with a binary scoring system. Glucose metrics were obtained from the Libreview platform for the first 2 weeks of February 2020 (T0) and the last 2 weeks before the phone visit (T1).ResultsOut of 84 patients assessed for eligibility, 48 had sufficient FGM data to be included in the analysis. FGM data analysis revealed significant reductions in coefficient of variation, number of hypoglycaemic events, and time below range, while no changes were found in time in range, time above range, mean sensor glucose, and glucose management indicator. Moreover, the frequency of sweets consumption was inversely related to the occurrence of hypoglycaemic events during lockdown.ConclusionsLockdown‐related lifestyle changes, albeit unhealthy, may lead to reduction in FGM‐derived measures of hypoglycaemia and glycaemic variability in patients with T1D.
Edge‐to‐edge tricuspid valve repair for severe tricuspid regurgitation 20 years after cardiac transplantation
Authors: Misumida Naoki , Steidley D. Eric , Eleid Mackram F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTricuspid valve regurgitation in orthotopic heart transplant recipients is common. Surgical corrections have been the mainstay of the treatment for diuretic‐refractory heart failure due to severe tricuspid regurgitation. However, post‐transplant patients inherently carry higher surgical risk owing to previous sternotomy and immunocompromised state. We report a case of successful percutaneous edge‐to‐edge tricuspid valve repair for severe tricuspid regurgitation after cardiac transplantation. A 27‐year‐old man with a history of idiopathic restrictive cardiomyopathy status after orthotopic heart transplant presented with severe right‐sided heart failure symptoms. A transthoracic echocardiogram showed bi‐atrial enlargement and moderate‐to‐severe tricuspid regurgitation, and an increase to the severe range with exercise. Percutaneous edge‐to‐edge tricuspid valve repair was performed. The patient's symptoms improved, and follow‐up echocardiogram showed mild tricuspid regurgitation. Percutaneous tricuspid valve repair can be considered as an alternative option to conventional surgery for symptomatic severe tricuspid regurgitation in orthotopic heart transplant recipients with suitable anatomy.
A cluster analysis of purging disorder: Validation analyses with eating disorder symptoms, general psychopathology and personality
Authors: Krug Isabel , Granero Roser , Giles Sarah , Riesco Nadine , Agüera Zaida , Sánchez Isabel , Jiménez‐Murcia Susana , del Pino‐Gutierrez Amparo , Codina Ester , Baenas Isabel , Valenciano‐Mendoza Eduardo , Menchón Jose M. , Fernández‐Aranda Fernando 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the natural grouping of Purging Disorder (PD) patients based on purging symptomatology and to evaluate the derived classes (a) against each other and (b) to a control group on a range of clinical and psychological measures.MethodParticipants included 223 PD women consecutively admitted to a tertiary ED treatment centre and 822 controls. Purging behaviours (self‐induced vomiting, laxative and diuretic use) were used as indicators, while the EDI‐2 (ED symptoms), the SCL‐90‐R (general psychopathology), and the TCI‐R (personality traits) were used as validators.ResultsThree distinct PD clusters emerged: Cluster 1 (only self‐induced vomiting), Cluster 2 (self‐induced vomiting and laxative use) and Cluster 3 (all purging methods). Significant differences between Cluster 1 and Cluster 3 were found for the EDI‐2 drive for thinness and perfectionism subscales, and the TCI‐persistence scale. All clusters differed significantly from the controls on all the EDI‐2 and the SCL‐90‐R scales, but findings for the TCI‐R scales were less consistent.ConclusionsThis study adds to a growing literature on the validity and distinctiveness of PD and provides evidence of dimensional symptom differences amongst PD clusters.
The Gut Microbial Community Structure of the North American River Otter (Lontra canadensis) in the Alberta Oil Sands Region in Canada: Relationship with Local Environmental Variables and Metal Body Burden
Authors: Guo Galen , Eccles Kristin M. , McMillan Morgan , Thomas Philippe J. , Chan Hing Man , Poulain Alexandre J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The Alberta Oil Sands Region in Canada is home to one of the largest oil bitumen deposits in the world. The North American river otter (Lontra canadensis) is a top predator with a small home range and is sensitive to disturbances; it has been designated as a sentinel species for the potential impacts of the natural resource exploitation on freshwater ecosystems in the Alberta Oil Sands Region. With an increasing interest in noninvasive biomarkers, recent studies suggest that gut microbiota can be used as a potential biomarker of early biological effects on aquatic wildlife. The goal of the present study was to determine the river otter gut microbial structure related to environmental variables characterizing mining activities and metal body burden. We obtained 18 trapped animals from and surrounding the surface mineable area of the Alberta Oil Sands Region. The gut microbial community structure was characterized using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicon analyses. Trace metal concentrations in the liver were measured by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. Our study revealed that the gut bacteria of river otters in the Alberta Oil Sands Region clustered in 4 groups dominated by Peptostreptococcaceae, Carnobacteriaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridiaceae, and Nostocaceae. We show that arsenic, barium, rubidium, liver-body weight ratio, and δ15N were associated with each cluster. When comparing affected versus less affected sites, we show that river otter gut bacterial community and structure are significantly related to trophic level of the river otter but not to Alberta Oil Sands Region mining activities. Our study reveals that the gut bacterial dynamics can provide insights into the diet and habitat use of river otters but that more work is needed to use it as a pollution biomarker. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:2516–2526. © 2020 SETAC
A UK survey of COVID‐19 related social support closures and their effects on older people, people with dementia, and carers
Authors: Giebel Clarissa , Lord Kathryn , Cooper Claudia , Shenton Justine , Cannon Jacqueline , Pulford Daniel , Shaw Lisa , Gaughan Anna , Tetlow Hilary , Butchard Sarah , Limbert Stan , Callaghan Steve , Whittington Rosie , Rogers Carol , Komuravelli Aravind , Rajagopal Manoj , Eley Ruth , Watkins Caroline , Downs Murna , Reilly Siobhan , Ward Kym , Corcoran Rhiannon , Bennett Kate , Gabbay Mark 
Published: September 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this national survey was to explore the impact of COVID‐19 public health measures on access to social support services and the effects of closures of services on the mental well‐being of older people and those affected by dementia.MethodsA UK‐wide online and telephone survey was conducted with older adults, people with dementia, and carers between April and May 2020. The survey captured demographic and postcode data, social support service usage before and after COVID‐19 public health measures, current quality of life, depression, and anxiety. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between social support service variations and anxiety and well‐being.ResultsFive hundred and sixty‐nine participants completed the survey (61 people with dementia, 285 unpaid carers, and 223 older adults). Paired samples t‐tests and X2‐tests showed that the mean hour of weekly social support service usage and the number of people having accessed various services was significantly reduced post COVID‐19. Multiple regression analyses showed that higher variations in social support service hours significantly predicted increased levels of anxiety in people with dementia and older adults, and lower levels of mental well‐being in unpaid carers and older adults.ConclusionsBeing unable to access social support services due to COVID contributed to worse quality of life and anxiety in those affected by dementia and older adults across the UK. Social support services need to be enabled to continue providing support in adapted formats, especially in light of continued public health restrictions for the foreseeable future.