bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect Modification of Sex and Age for the Hospital Volume‐Outcome Relationship in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Treatment: Secondary Data Analysis of the Nationwide German Diagnosis Related Groups Statistics From 2005 to 2014
Authors: Trenner Matthias , Salvermoser Michael , Busch Albert , Reutersberg Benedikt , Eckstein Hans‐Henning , Kuehnl Andreas 
Published: March 2020

Background
Trials and registries associated female sex and high age with unfavorable outcomes in abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment. Many studies showed an inverse correlation between annual hospital volume and in‐hospital mortality. The volume‐outcome relationship has not been investigated separately for women and men or across the age range. The aim was to analyze whether sex and age are effect modifiers or confounders of the volume‐outcome association.

Methods and Results

In a nationwide setting, all in‐hospital cases from 2005 to 2014 with a diagnosis of intact abdominal aortic aneurysm and procedure codes for endovascular or open aortic repair were included. Primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality. Using a multilevel multivariable regression model, hospital volume was modeled as a continuous variable. Separate analyses were performed for women and men and for predefined age groups. A total of 94 966 cases were included (12% women; median age, 72 years). Mortality was 4.9% in women and 3.0% in men (3.2% overall). Mortality increased with age. Although there was no significant volume‐outcome association in women (
P
=0.57), there was in men (
P
=0.02). The strongest volume‐outcome association was found in younger men. The younger female subpopulation was found to show a trend for an inverse volume‐outcome relationship, whereas an opposite association was found for the women aged >79 years.

Conclusions
Women have a higher mortality risk after elective abdominal aortic aneurysm treatment. Sex and age are modifiers of the volume‐outcome relationship. Unlike in male patients, in women there is no consistent effect of hospital volume on outcome.
Hidden diversity within the broadly distributed Amazonian giant monkey frog (Phyllomedusa bicolor: Phyllomedusidae)
Authors: Mota Edvaldo Pereira , Kaefer Igor Luis , Nunes Mario da Silva , Lima Albertina Pimentel , Farias Izeni Pires 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Phyllomedusa bicolor is a large-sized nocturnal tree frog found in tropical rainforests throughout much of the Amazonian region of Brazil, Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, Venezuela, and the Guianas. Very little is known about P. bicolor genetic diversity and genealogical history of its natural populations. Here, using a sampling design that included populations covering most of its distributional range, we investigated the spatial distribution of genetic variability of this species, and we tested the hypothesis that P. bicolor is composed of deeply structured genetic groups, constituting more than one lineage across the Brazilian Amazonia. The results suggested two main lineages in two geographic mega-regions: Western and Eastern Amazonia, the latter consisting of three population groups distributed in the Guiana and Brazilian Shields. The present findings have implications to taxonomy, to understanding the processes that lead to diversification, and to defining strategies of conservation and medicinal use of the species.
An Analysis of Murābaḥah and Ijārah Muntahiyah bi-t-tamlīk: How Do Islamic Banks Choose Which Product to Utilise?
Authors: Alkhan Ahmed Mansoor 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Contrary to its conventional counterpart, which uses interest-based methods of financing, Islamic banks commonly use sale, lease, or partnership modes of financing. The murābaḥah (cost-plus sale) and ijārah muntahiyah bi-t-tamlīk (lease-to-own) products achieve similar end-results, where both products are used as Islamic financial mechanisms for Islamic banks to achieve profits on financed assets, and where the client benefits from the financed asset—leading the client to ultimately own the asset at the end of the financing tenor without limitations (whether releasing the asset as a collateral for a murābaḥah or transferring the title deed to the client at the end of an ‘ijārah muntahiyah bi-t-tamlīk’ contract). Using a qualitative methodology, this article investigates how Islamic banks choose between using murābaḥah or ijārah muntahiyah bi-t-tamlīk when financing a customer. This article includes empirical work by analysing primary and secondary data pertaining to three Islamic banks in the Kingdom of Bahrain.
A Bedouin Principle of Freedom for the Risorgimento d’Italia: Michele Amari Integrates Ibn Khaldūn with Vico’s filologia
Authors: Messling Markus 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In the New Science (1744), Giambattista Vico defined filologia as “the doctrine of all the institutions that depend on human choice” of the mondo civile. When nineteenth-century European nationalism was on the rise, supported by narratives of cultural homogeneity and specificity, philological comparatism was the state-of-the-art and it, often, legitimated the obsessions with the purity of origins and genealogies. Italy, characterized by internal plurality and its Mediterranean entanglements, is a model case. Whereas many discourses of the Risorgimento aspired to shape a new Italian nation after the classical model, Michele Amari’s History of the Muslims of Sicily (1854–1872) marked an astonishing exception. For him, going back to Islamic-Sicilian history, its literary, rhetorical and linguistic culture, meant to resume, on a higher level of incivilmento (Vico), what had been obscured by cultural decline: the spirit of freedom and equality, which Ibn Khaldūn had attributed to the Bedouins and their dynamics in history.
The City and the Law. Aspects of Ibn Khaldūn’s Critique of the Philosophers
Authors: Capezzone Leonardo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The history of Khaldunian readings in the twentieth century reveals an analytical capacity of non-Orientalists definitely greater than that demonstrated by the Orientalists. The latter, at least until the 1950s, prove to be prisoners of that syndrome denounced by Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978), which projected on Islamic historical development a specificity and an alterity, which make it an exception in world history. Orientalist scholarship has often wanted to see in Ibn Khaldūn’s critical attitude to the philosophy of al-Fārābī and Averroes only the confirmation of the primacy of the sharīʿa over Platonic nomos. This article seeks to highlight some aspects of Ibn Khaldūn’s critique of classical political thought of Islamic philosophy. His critique focuses on the importance given to the juridical dimension of social becoming, and to the role of the political body of the jurists in the making of the City. Those aspects witness Ibn Khaldūn’s effort to interpret change and fractures as factors which make sense of history and decadence.
The Cistercian Abbeys of Zaraka and Isova in the Principality of Achaia
Authors: Olympios Michalis , Schabel Chris 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The publication of a collective volume on the history, archaeology, and architectural history of the Cistercian abbey of Zaraka in the Peloponnese provides an opportunity to clarify the identification and dating of Zaraka (ca. 1226-ca. 1263) and its sister abbey in the Principality of Achaia, Isova (ca. 1211-1263), both probably founded by Prince Geoffrey I of Villehardouin. This review essay is meant to function as a companion piece to the volume itself, problematizing certain issues while identifying areas for further research.
Structural Forces: Perception and Vulnerability Factors for Tornado Sheltering within Mobile and Manufactured Housing in Alabama and Mississippi
Authors: Ash Kevin D. , Egnoto Michael J. , Strader Stephen M. , Ashley Walker S. , Roueche David B. , Klockow-McClain Kim E. , Caplen David , Dickerson Maurya 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSoutheastern U.S. mobile and manufactured housing (MH) residents are the most tornado-vulnerable subset of the population because of both physical and socioeconomic factors. This study builds upon prior MH resident tornado vulnerability research by statistically and geographically analyzing responses from a survey administered to these residents in the Southeast. Specifically, 257 Alabama and Mississippi MH residents were administered a survey with questions pertaining to their perceived tornado risk and vulnerability, protective action and decision-making, and beliefs about the structural integrity of their homes. Results indicate that, despite the weather and emergency management enterprises consistently suggesting that MH residents evacuate their homes for sturdier shelter during tornado events, more than 50% of MH residents believe their homes are safe sheltering locations. The prevalence of larger MHs in northern Alabama partially influences willingness to shelter within one’s MH, while higher levels of negative affectivity stemming from recent impactful tornadoes in northern Alabama influences people to evacuate their MHs for safety. Study findings also uncovered a perception and vulnerability paradox for these residents: Those who have the means to evacuate their MH often feel they have no need to do so, whereas those who recognize the potential peril of sheltering in their home and want to evacuate often lack the resources and/or self-efficacy to carry out more desirable sheltering plans. Overall, study results provide valuable information for National Weather Service forecasters, emergency managers, and media partners so that they may use it for public outreach and MH resident education.
Surgical Management of Chronic Incomplete Proximal Hamstring Avulsion Injuries
Authors: Kayani Babar , Ayuob Atif , Begum Fahima , Khan Natalia , Haddad Fares S. 
Published: March 2020

Background: Chronic incomplete proximal hamstring avulsion injuries are debilitating injuries associated with prolonged periods of convalescence and poor return to preinjury level of function. This study explores the efficacy of operative intervention for these injuries on patient satisfaction, muscle strength, range of motion, functional performance, return to preinjury level of sporting activity, and injury recurrence. Hypothesis: Surgical intervention of chronic incomplete proximal hamstring avulsion injuries enables return to preinjury level of sporting function with low risk of clinical recurrence. Study Design: Case series: Level of evidence, 4. Methods: This prospective single-surgeon study included 41 patients with incomplete proximal hamstring avulsion injuries refractory to 6 months of nonoperative treatment. All study patients underwent primary operative repair of the avulsed proximal hamstring tendon and received standardized postoperative rehabilitation. Predefined outcomes were recorded at regular intervals after surgery. Mean follow-up time was 28.2 months (range, 25.0-35.0 months) from date of surgery. Results: All patients returned to their preinjury level of sporting activity. Mean ± SD time from surgery to return to full sporting activity was 22.2 ± 6.7 weeks. There were no episodes of clinical recurrence. At 3 months after surgery, 39 patients (95.1%) were satisfied/very satisfied with the outcomes of their surgery, and as compared with preoperative values, improvements were recorded in isometric hamstring muscle strength at 0° (84.9% ± 10.9% vs 40.4% ± 8.8%; P < .001), 15° (89.6% ± 7.6% vs 44.2% ± 11.1%; P < .001), and 45° (94.1% ± 5.1% vs 66.4% ± 9.0%; P < .001); mean passive straight leg raise angle (71.2°± 13.5° vs 45.4°± 11.9°; P < .001); mean lower extremity functional score (70.9 ± 5.1 vs 48.4 ± 5.2; P < .001); and mean Marx activity rating score (5.6 ± 2.8 vs 2.7 ± 1.0; P < .001). High patient satisfaction and functional outcome scores were maintained at 1- and 2-year follow-up. Conclusion: Operative repair of chronic incomplete proximal hamstring avulsion injuries enabled return to preoperative level of sporting function with no episodes of clinical recurrence at short-term follow-up. Surgical intervention was associated with high patient satisfaction and improved isometric hamstring muscle strength, range of motion, and functional outcome scores as compared with preoperative values. High patient satisfaction and improved functional outcomes were sustained at 2-year follow-up.
Factor structure and psychometric properties of the brief Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale for adults on the autism spectrum
Authors: Hwang Ye In (Jane) , Arnold Samuel , Trollor Julian , Uljarević Mirko 
Published: March 2020

Resilience is an increasingly popular concept in literature as a protective factor against mental ill-health. While elevated rates of anxiety and mood disorders occur in adults on the autism spectrum, there is a gap in literature investigating the application of resilience to this population. This brief report examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the 10-item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale in a sample of 95 autistic adults ( Mage = 44). Our findings provide evidence for a unidimensional structure and robust psychometric properties of the scale in an autistic population, in line with factorial studies involving the general population. Lay Abstract Adults on the autism spectrum experience high rates of anxiety and depression, and may be particularly vulnerable to difficult and traumatic life experiences, which may contribute to the development and maintenance of these conditions. Resilience is an increasingly popular concept in research, which describes the ability to ‘bounce back’ following difficult emotional experiences, and the flexibility to adapt to stressful and demanding situations. The Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale has been used predominantly in studies involving non-autistic adults to measure resilience. While resilience is a potentially important concept for autistic adults, the suitability of the 10-item version of the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale for use with adults on the spectrum has not yet been studied. In this short report, we investigate whether the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale 10 is a valid measure to use with this population, and its relationship with other measures of mental well- or ill-being. Participants were 95 autistic adults with a mean age of 44 (63% female) who completed measures of resilience, autism symptoms, depression, anxiety and mental wellbeing. Overall, the findings indicate that the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale 10 may be reliably used with autistic adults to measure trait resilience, which is associated with positive wellbeing and may serve as a protective factor from negative mental wellbeing. Future studies may use the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale 10 to investigate resilience as a protective factor from negative mental health outcomes in response to traumatic and adverse emotional events for which autistic individuals may be particularly susceptible.
Data-driven outreach to opportunity youth using population data and Geographic Information System technology
Authors: Wang Chuyuan , Mody Elizabeth H , Hunting Dan , Hoyt James , Ferguson Kristin M 
Published: March 2020

Summary Opportunity youth (i.e. ages 16–24 who are neither working nor in school) are difficult to engage in services. Population-level data and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology play a critical role in helping social work practitioners understand where target populations reside and which characteristics are most salient to their service needs. This case study of the Opportunities for Youth Coalition demonstrates the use of population-level data and GIS technology in social work research and practice. We describe the collective impact approach, extant methods of youth outreach, and the Coalition’s efforts to address youth disconnection. We used American Community Survey data, ArcGIS software, and hot spot analysis to answer three research questions. Findings In the Phoenix Metro Area, there are 75,200 opportunity youth. Greater percentages of youth of color are opportunity youth in comparison with White youth. One in three individuals who have limited English proficiency and who have a disability are opportunity youth. Nearly one in five individuals living in poverty is an opportunity youth. We identify the top five high population density areas for opportunity youth. Further, we highlight three ways that the Coalition’s use of data and GIS technology has enhanced youths’ and service providers’ engagement: (1) increased referrals, (2) increased involvement of organizations, and (3) increased understanding of special populations. Applications We discuss the benefits and challenges of using population data and GIS technology to guide youth engagement. We conclude with strategies for community practitioners to replicate in other geographic areas and with other hard-to-reach populations.
Different risk factors in identical features of intracranial atherosclerosis plaques in the posterior and anterior circulation in high-resolution MRI
Authors: Xu Ziqi , Li Mingyao , Lyu Jinhao , Hou Zhikai , He Jianfeng , Mo Dapeng , Gao Feng , Liu Xin , Sui Binbin , Shen Mi , Pan Yuesong , Wang Yongjun , Lou Xin , Miao Zhongrong , Luo Benyan , Ma Ning 
Published: March 2020

Background: We constructed a high-volume registry to identify whether risk factors of intracranial atherosclerotic plaque (ICAP) features differ in the posterior and anterior circulation in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) investigated by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI). Methods: The registry was constructed for patients with symptomatic ICAS who underwent HRMRI for culprit plaques. ICAP-vulnerable features included positive remodelling, diffuse distribution, intraplaque haemorrhage and strong enhancement. Results: We analysed risk factors for the same ICAP features between the posterior and anterior circulation in data of 97 patients in the posterior circulation and 105 patients in the anterior circulation ICAPs. In patients with diffuse distribution, the probability of being female were lower [odds ratio (OR):0.08; 95% confidence interval (CI):0.02–0.34; p = 0.001] and having diabetes mellitus was higher (OR: 7.75; 95% CI:1.75–34.39; p = 0.007) in posterior circulation patients. In patients with strong enhancement, the probability of having diabetes was higher in posterior circulation patients (OR:6.71; 95% CI:1.37–32.81; p = 0.019). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate more risk factors in the posterior than in the anterior circulation in patients with the same ICAP-vulnerable features, highlighting the need for stratification of risk factors in symptomatic ICAPs. Trial Registration: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT02705599.
Use of educational technologies in the promotion of children’s cardiovascular health: a systematic review
Authors: Chaves Costa Francisca Bertilia , Catrib Ana Maria Fontenelle , Branco July Grassiely de Oliveira , de Sales Rafaela Oliveira , da Silva Junior Geraldo Bezerra , Abdon Ana Paula Vasconcellos , de Almeida Lana Paula Crivelaro Monteiro 
Published: March 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of educational technologies for cardiovascular health promotion in children. Methods: A systematic review was carried out through a search in Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, Comissão de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Nível Superior, EBSCOHot Information Services, and US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health databases, using the descriptors: play and plaything, cardiovascular diseases, child, and health promotion, between 2012 and 2019. Results: Eight articles were selected for this review. The identified technologies were based on low-tech interventions, such as play workshops, using tools such as CARDIOKIDS, the SI! program, MOVI-2, and activities with wide-ranging digital tools such as Fooya!, Fit2PlayTM, and the exergame cycling program. Conclusions: It is noteworthy that all of the analyzed interventions were effective and those that involved playing were better accepted by the children.
Preoperative three-dimensional computer planning for reverse total shoulder arthroplasty and bone grafting for severe glenoid deformity
Authors: Tashjian Robert Z , Beck Lindsay , Stertz Irene , Chalmers Peter N 
Published: March 2020

Background Computer assisted planning without patient specific instrumentation may be utilized to guide reverse total shoulder arthroplasty baseplate placement. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference between planned and achieved inclination and retroversion correction with three-dimensional preoperative computer assisted planning in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty without patient specific instrumentation with bone grafting for severe glenoid erosion. Methods Preoperative three-dimensional computer assisted planning without patient specific instrumentation was performed on 15 patients undergoing primary reverse total shoulder arthroplasty with glenoid bone grafting for severe glenoid erosion. On preoperative and immediate postoperative computed tomography slices, two-dimensional retroversion and inclination were measured. Preoperative three-dimensional baseline retroversion and inclination and planned postoperative three-dimensional retroversion and inclination were measured. Planned and achieved version and inclination changes were compared. Results The planned and achieved retroversion corrections were 18° and 12°, respectively (p < 0.001). The planned and achieved inclination corrections were 11° and 11°, respectively (p = 0.803). Conclusions Three-dimensional computer assisted planning without patient specific instrumentation in the setting of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty with severe glenoid erosion requiring bone grafting can accurately guide baseplate placement. All cases in which failure to correct retroversion or inclination within 10° of planning occurred in patients with severe erosion (B3 or E3 glenoids), therefore patient specific guides may be warranted in these cases to improve accuracy of implantation. Level of evidence Level IV, retrospective case series.
Applying Parkes Grid Method to Evaluate Impact of Variation in Blood Glucose Monitoring (BGM) Strip Accuracy Performance in Type 1 Diabetes Highlights the Potential for Amplification of Imprecision With Less Accurate BGM Strips
Authors: Stedman Michael , Rea Rustam , Duff Christopher J. , Livingston Mark , Moreno Gabriela , Gadsby Roger , Lunt Helen , Fryer Anthony A. , Heald Adrian H. 
Published: March 2020

Background: The National Health Service spends £170 million on blood glucose monitoring (BGM) strips each year and there are pressures to use cheaper less accurate strips. Technology is also being used to increase test frequency with less focus on accuracy. Previous modeling/real-world data analysis highlighted that actual blood glucose variability can be more than twice blood glucose meter reported variability (BGMV). We applied those results to the Parkes error grid to highlight potential clinical impact. Method: BGMV is defined as the percent of deviation from reference that contains 95% of results. Four categories were modeled: laboratory (<5%), high accuracy strips (<10%), ISO 2013 (<15%), and ISO 2003 (<20%) (includes some strips still used). The Parkes error grid model with its associated category of risk including “alter clinical decision” and “affect clinical outcomes” was used, with the profile of frequency of expected results fitted into each BGM accuracy category. Results: Applying to single readings, almost all strip accuracy ranges derived in a controlled setting fell within the category: clinically accurate/no effect on outcomes areas. However modeling the possible blood glucose distribution in more detail, 30.6% of longer term results of the strips with current ISO accuracy would fall into the “alter clinical action” category. For previous ISO strips, this rose to 44.1%, and for the latest higher accuracy strips, this fell to 12.8%. Conclusion: There is a minimum standard of accuracy needed to ensure that clinical outcomes are not put at risk. This study highlights the potential for amplification of imprecision with less accurate BGM strips.