bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical distancing and risk of COVID-19 in small-scale fisheries: A remote sensing assessment in coastal Ghana
Authors: Okyere Isaac , Chuku Ernest Obeng , Ekumah Bernard , Angnuureng Donatus Bapentire , Boakye-Appiah Justice K. , Mills David Jonathan , Babanawo Raymond , Aheto Denis Worlanyo , Crawford Brian 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The novel coronavirus is predicted to have dire implications on global food systems including fisheries value chains due to restrictions imposed on human movements in many countries. In Ghana, food production, both agriculture and fisheries, is exempted from restrictions as an essential service. The enforcement of COVID-19 prevention protocols, particularly social distancing, has been widely reported in Ghana’s agricultural markets whereas casual observations and media reports on fish landing sites suggest no such enforcements are in place. This study aimed to provide sound scientific evidence as a basis for informed policy direction and intervention for the artisanal fishing sector in these challenging times. We employed an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) in assessing the risk of artisanal fishers to the pandemic using physical distancing as a proxy. From analysis of cumulative distribution function (G-function) of the nearest-neighbour distances (NND), this study underscored crowding at all surveyed fish landing beaches, and identified potential “hotspots” for disease transmission. Aerial measurements taken at times of peak landing beach activity indicated that the highest proportion of people, representing 56%, 48%, 39% and 78% in Elmina, Winneba, Apam and Mumford respectively, were located at distances of less than one metre from their nearest neighbour. Risk of crowding was independent of the population at the landing beaches, suggesting that all categories of fish landing sites along the coast would require equal urgency and measured attention towards preventing and mitigating the spread of the diseases.
Does Twitter affect Stock Market Decisions?Financial Sentiment Analysis in Pandemic Seasons: A Comparative Study of H1N1 and COVID-19
Authors: Valle-Cruz David , Fernandez-Cortez Vanessa , López-Chau Asdrúbal , Sandoval-Almazan Rodrigo 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Backgroud:Investors are always playing with the fears and desires of buyers and sellers. Stock exchange markets are not the exception. Financial sentiment analysis allows us to understand the effect of reactions and emotions on social media in the stock market. In this research, we analyze Twitter data and financial indices to answer the question: How do polarity generated by the posts on Twitter influence financial indices behavior in pandemic seasons? Methods:The study is based on the sentiment analysis of influential Twitter accounts in this field and its relationship with the behavior of important financial indices. To achieve this, we tested four lexicons to detect polarity on Twitter. Results:Our findings shows that the period in which the markets reacted was 6 to 13 days after the information was shared and disseminated on Twitter in the COVID-19 season, and 1 to 2 day for H1N1 season. Furthermore, in our analysis, we found that the lexicons that got the best results for sentiment analysis on Twitter were S140 and Affin.Conclusions:Financial sentiment analysis is an important technique to forecasting stock market and polarity is the most widely used technique in the financial area. There is a relationship between the polarity in Twitter and the financial indexes behavior. The most influential Twitter accounts during the pandemic season were The New York Times, Bloomberg, CNN News, and Investing, presenting a very high relation between sentiments on Twitter and the stock market behavior.
Predicting the early depleting transmission dynamics of COVID-19: A time-varying SIR model
Authors: Law Kian Boon , Peariasamy Kalaiarasu M , Gill Balvinder Singh , Singh Sarbhan Singh Lakha , Sundram Bala Murali , Rajendran Kamesh , Dass Sarat Chandra , Lee Yi Lin , Goh Pik Pin , Ibrahim Hishamshah Mohd , Abdullah Noor Hisham 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The susceptible-infectious-removed (SIR) model offers the simplest framework to study transmission dynamics of COVID-19, however, it does not factor in its early depleting trend observed during a lockdown. We modified the SIR model to specifically simulate the early depleting transmission dynamics of COVID-19 to better predict its temporal trend in Malaysia. The classical SIR model was fitted to observed total (I total), active (I), and removed (R) cases of COVID-19 before lockdown to estimate the basic reproduction number. Next, the model was modified with a partial time-varying force of infection, given by a proportionally depleting transmission coefficient, βt, and a fractional term, z. The modified SIR model was then fitted to observed data over 6 weeks during the lockdown. Model fitting and projection were validated using the mean absolute percent error (MAPE). The transmission dynamics of COVID-19 was interrupted immediately by the lockdown. The modified SIR model projected the depleting temporal trends with lowest MAPE for I total, followed by I, I daily, and R. During lockdown, the dynamics of COVID-19 depleted at a rate of 4·7% each day with a decreased capacity of 40%. For 7–day and 14–day projections, the modified SIR model accurately predicted I total, I, and R. The depleting transmission dynamics for COVID-19 during lockdown can be accurately captured by time-varying SIR model. Projection generated based on observed data is useful for future planning and control of COVID-19.
Recombinant interleukin-2 stimulates lymphocyte recovery in severe patients with COVID-19
Authors: Zhu Meng‘en , Wang Qian , Zhou Shaoqiong , Wang Bin , Ke Li , He Ping 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Object: A recently developing pneumonia called COVID-19 which caused by SARS-CoV-2 has quickly spread across the world. Lymphopenia and a proinflammatory cytokine storm frequently happened in severe COVID-19 patients. But no specific immunomodulate therapy on COVID-19 had been reported. In this retrospect case control study, we observed the potential therapeutic effect of recombinant human interleukin-2 (rIL-2) on severe COVID-19 patients in a hospital in Wuhan, China. Methods: Fifty nine severe cases with COVID-19 admitted in hospital from January 29, 2020 to February 29, 2020 were included in this study. Twenty patients received a one-week to 10 days subcutaneous injection of the recombinant human interleulin-2 1 million IU per day other than regular treatment were classified as rIL-2 group. Twenty from thirty nine patients with regular treatment without intervention of rIL-2 were matched as the control group. Clinical characteristic such as age, gender, symptoms, signs, laboratory data and comorbidities were paired in these two groups. Changes of lymphocytes counts, IL-6 and C- reactive protein (CRP) before and after rIL-2 treatment and differences between rIL-2 group and non-rIL-2 group were analyzed.Results: There were a clearly visible increasing in lymphocyte counts and a decreasing in CRP level in non rIL-2 group and rIL-2 group. The difference of the change of lymphocyte counts were significant in rIL-2 group and non-rIL-2 group (p<0.01). Though CRP decreased more in rIL-2 group, it did not show a significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05).Conclusion: RIL-2 might be a prospective adjuvant therapy for severe COVID-19 patients by increasing lymphocytes number.
Effect of Lentivirus-mediated GDF5 Transfection on Differentiation of Rabbit Nucleus Pulposus Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: zhu kun , Zhao Rui , Ye Yuchen , Xu Gang , Zhang Changchun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Disc degenerative disease is a common senile degenerative disease, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients.The purpose of this study is to observe the biological and cytological characteristics of rabbit nucleus pulposus mesenchymal stem cells (NPMSCs), and to determine the effect of growth differentiation factor 5(GDF5) on the differentiation of rabbit NPMSCs by lentivirus transfection.Methods: In vitro culture model of rabbit NPMSCs was established and NPMSCs cells were identified by flow cytometry (FCM)and quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR). Then NPMSCs were divided into three groups: lentiviral vector carrying GDF5 was used to transfect NPMSCs, to determine the transfection rate, which was recorded as transfection group, and the NPMSCs transfected with ordinary lentiviral vector was recorded as control group, NPMSCs without processing was recorded as normal group. FCM, qRT-PCR and Western Blot(WB) were used to detected the change of NPMSCs.Results: The transfected NPMSCs by GDF5 became longer and narrower, and the cell density decreased,and the positive rate of GDF5 in the transfected group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of KRT8, KRT18, KRT19 in the transfected group was significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05),the result of WB were the same to qRT-PCR. Conclusions: GDF5 can induce the differentiation of NPMSCs and repair degenerative intervertebral discs. Lentiviral vector carrying GDF5 can be integrated into the chromosome genome of NPMSCs and promote differentiation of NPMSCs into nucleus pulposus cells(NPCs).
Reduction in Fertilizer Input´s Has No Significant Affect on Yield or Performance of Early- and Late-season Indica Hybrid Rice
Authors: Zhiyuan Huang , Huang ZhiYuan , Lv QiMing , Hossain Md. Amir , Wu ZhaoHui , Peng Yulin , Tang FangJun , Xin YeYun , Zhu LiHuang 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Increasing rice production by using genetically improved rice cultivars and fertilizer application has been the main objective of rice farming. The double rice-cropping system has been an important rice production system in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China since the 1950s. It is of great significance to determine whether hybrid vigor can make a substantial contribution to early- and late-season rice production, and how the heterosis expression of hybrid rice functions under different level of fertilization application. The objective of this study was to evaluate the grain yield and associated plant traits of popular hybrid and inbred rice varieties with large-scale promotion under conditions of customary (high) and combined (low) fertilization in the early and late seasons of 2017-18 in Changsha County, Hunan Province, central Southern China. We found that hybrid rice varieties displayed their respective advantages in the early- and late-rice seasons, but the advantages in their relative yield traits varied. The main advantages of early-season rice were effective panicle number per hill (EPN), 1000-grain weight (KGW), harvest index (HI), yield, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Whereas in late-season rice, the major advantages were grain number per panicle (GNP), HI, yield, and NUE. The EPN was the main advantage of early-season hybrid rice with a short-growth period, and the GNP was the main advantage of late-season hybrid rice with a long-growth period. The main yield advantage of hybrid rice was stronger under combined (low) fertilization than under customary (high) fertilization. Hence, high yield can be achieved by selecting good hybrid rice varieties and by using combined fertilization (lower fertilizer use with higher efficiency). This work is contributive for rice growers, extension specialists, and fertilizer producers, as it provides data that can be used to maximize yields with reduced fertilizer and pesticide inputs.
Rhabdomyolysis-associated acute kidney injury: clinical characteristics and intensive care unit transfer analysis
Authors: Zhu Decai , Li Wenyan , Zhang Jiawen , Tong Junsheng , Xie Wenyuan , Qin Xiaolan , Zhang Xiaochun 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Rhabdomyolysis (RM) associated acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common systemic complication of RM. The present study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics and risk factors for intensive care unit (ICU) transfer for patients with RM-associated AKI.Methods: We included all patients who were age ≥ 18 years old with a diagnosis of RM from September 2012 to October 2018 and divided them into RM-associated AKI group and RM without AKI group. The primary outcome was transferring to ICU treatment. Regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with ICU treatment and recovery of renal function.Results: Among the 149 patients with RM, 68 (45.6%) developed AKI. The percentage of patients with AKI who transferred to ICU was higher than patients without AKI (33.8% versus 12.3%, P < 0.002). Additionally, patients with AKI had higher percentage of undergoing dialysis (19.1% versus 2.5%, P < 0.01), all-cause mortality (13.2% versus 1.2%, P < 0.01), cost of hospitalization [10.8 1,000 yuan, IQR (5.5, 3.5) versus 5.9 1,000 yuan, IQR 5.9 (3.6, 9.9), P = 0.03], as well as longer length of hospital stay [8.0 (5.0, 14.0)] versus [6.0 (4.0, 11.0)], P = 0.02). Moreover, most patients with AKI achieved complete recovery (77.9%) at discharge. After adjusting for potential risk factors, RM-associated AKI remained an independent risk factor for ICU transfer (OR = 3.0, 95% CI, 1.11–8.3, P = 0.03). However, ICU transfer was not associated with recovery of renal function (OR = 0.88, 95% CI, 0.22–3.57, P = 0.856).Conclusion: RM leaded to AKI in most patients. RM-associated AKI could cause worse clinical outcome and predict ICU transfer for patients with RM.
HsCRP Variation is the Main Risk Factor for Clinical Outcome in COVID-19 Hospitalized Young and Middle-Aged Patients
Authors: Liu Zhelong , Wu Danning , Han Xia , Jiang Wangyan , Qiu Lin , Tang Rui , Yu Xuefeng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The clinical characteristics and risk factors of clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in elderly and non-elderly patients show great difference. We are the first to explore the relationship between hsCRP variation and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in young and middle-aged COVID-19 patients compared with elderly patients.Methods: We included 273 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 from Tongji Hospital, Wuhan, China from Feb 10, 2020 to Mar 8, 2020. Clinical characteristics and risk factors of outcomes were compared between young and middle-aged patients with elderly patients.Results: Among young and middle-aged patients, hsCRP variation in those admitted to ICU was significantly higher than that in discharged patients. Among patients admitted to ICU, hsCRP variation showed significantly difference between young and middle-aged patients and elderly patients (median, 67.9 vs -10.2, P < 0.01). The hsCRP variation was an independent risk factor for ICU admission in young and middle-aged patients (OR = 1.068) and ROC curve revealed hsCRP variation significant for the prediction of ICU admission (AUC = 0.925) with 92.9% sensitivity and 95.5% specificity. Conclusion: HsCRP variation is the major independent risk factors for ICU admission in young and middle-aged COVID-19 inpatients, but not in the elderly patients.
Yoga Practice Among Ethnically/Racially Diverse Emerging Adults: Associations with Body Image, Mindful and Disordered Eating, and Muscle-Enhancing Behaviors
Authors: Neumark-Sztainer Dianne , Wall Melanie M , Choi Jongwoo , Barr-Anderson Daheia J. , Eisenberg Marla E. , Larson Nicole 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Yoga may be beneficial for young people at risk for body dissatisfaction and unhealthy behaviors aimed at changing one’s body shape and size. This study explores associations between yoga practice and body image, mindful eating, disordered eating, and muscle-enhancing behaviors among a population-based sample of emerging adults from diverse socio-economic and ethnic/racial backgrounds.Methods: Survey data were collected from 1,568 ethnically/racially diverse emerging adults (18-26 years) as part of the EAT 2010-2018 study (Eating and Activity over Time). Results: Practicing yoga at least 30 minutes/week was reported by 12.7% (n=210) of the sample. In models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, yoga practitioners had higher levels of mindful eating and body satisfaction than non-practitioners. Of concern, yoga practitioners were more likely to use steroids to enhance the size or tone of their muscles than those not practicing yoga (4.2% vs. 0.8%, p<.001). Furthermore, 35.4% of yoga practitioners used protein powder or shakes in the past year as compared to 25.0% of those not practicing yoga (p=.005). Yoga practitioners had similar levels of unhealthy weight control behaviors and binge eating to those not practicing yoga. Associations between yoga practice and body satisfaction, mindful eating, disordered eating, and muscle-enhancing behaviors were similar across ethnic/racial groups.Conclusions: In order to promote yoga among diverse populations, and enhance its safety and benefits for weight-related health, it is crucial for settings in which yoga is offered, and yoga teachers, to have awareness of the high prevalence of concerning disordered eating and muscle-enhancing behaviors among students and to address accordingly.
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPO) Versus Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) in the Treatment of Distal Fibula Danis-Weber type B and C Fractures
Authors: Marazzi Cesare , Wittauer Matthias , Hirschmann Michael T. , Testa Enrique A. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMinimally invasive plate-osteosynthesis (MIPO) has been reported to be superior to open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in the treatment of different long bone fractures. Nevertheless, in distal fibula fractures the evidence of MIPO remains scarce. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of the minimally invasive techniques applied to the distal fibula with open reduction and internal fixation within a 12 months follow-up.MethodsA consecutive series of patients who underwent surgery using either ORIF or MIPO for the treatment of distal fibula fractures between 2010 and 2014 were retrospectively analysed. All distal fibular fractures requiring an operative treatment (Danis-Weber type B ≙ AO type 44 B1, 2, 3 and Danis-Weber type C ≙ AO type 44 C1, 2) were included (ORIF n=35, MIPO n=35). Patients were assessed for postoperative pain using a visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain (ranging from 0 to 10) and classified into 4 groups; “no pain” for VAS=0, “low” for VAS=1-3, “moderate” for VAS=3-5 and “severe” for VAS=5-10. In addition, complications of postoperative fracture-related infection, wound healing disorders, vascular and nerve injury as well as development of nonunion, were evaluated and analyzed. Radiologic outcome measures assessing the talocrural angle, lateral and medial clear space, tibiofibular overlap and talar tilt angle were evaluated postoperatively. ResultsThe overall complication rate showed to be lower in the MIPO group compared to the ORIF group (14% vs. 37%, p=0.029). Even though not statistically significant, specific surgery related complications such as skin necrosis (3% vs. 9%, p= 0.275), nonunion (0% vs. 6%, p=0.139), infections and wound healing disorders (9% vs. 20%, p=0.141) as well as postoperative pain (17% vs. 26%, p=0.5) were found more frequently in the ORIF group. The tibiofibular overlap demonstrated to be significantly lower in the ORIF group (3.3mm vs. 2.7mm, p=0.033). The talocrural angle, talar tilt angle, lateral and medial clear space showed to be equivalent in both groups.ConclusionIn this retrospective single-center consecutive series MIPO was superior to ORIF in the surgical treatment of distal fibula fractures with respect to the overall complication rate. Trial registration:EKNZ Project-ID: 2019-02310; registrated 20th of December 2019 with swissethics
A Qualitative Study Examining Transgender People’s Attitudes Toward The Desire to Have Biological Children and Pursue Fertility Treatments in Greece
Authors: Voultsos Polychronis , Zymvragou Christina-Erato , Karakasi M. V. , Pavlidis P. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Biomedical technologies advances permit transgender individuals not only to achieve gender transition but also experience parenthood. Little is known about it in Greece, a traditionally conservative country, which however, is changing at legal level towards greater recognition of transgender people’s rights. This study aimed to investigate transgender people’s attitudes toward the desire to have biological children and pursue fertility treatments in Greece.Methods: This is a prospective study among adult individuals who identified as transgender men or transgender women between April 2019 and March 2020. Individual in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with twelve participants. The interviews were conducted in person and were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim. The authors performed an inductive analysis of data.Results: The inductive analysis of the study findings resulted in the following themes that represent key barriers to pursuing FP or ART: lack of fertility counseling, fears of discrimination and bullying, high costs, concerns related to the child’s welfare, less than perfect legal framework, and gender transition. Not all participants expressed strong desire to have offspring. A number of sub-themes were grouped under the base themes. Concerns related to the child’s welfare due to factors related to context or transgender people themselves. Fertility treatment may impact negatively the process of transition or the result of it. The strength of the desire for fertility treatment is crucial. Various reasons behind the transgender people’s desire for parenthood were identified. Transgender individuals (especially those in social transition) showed striking adherence to patterns of the dominant culture when it comes to having children.Conclusion: The results demonstrate the importance of a) contextual factors (stigma, economic instability, law), b) factors related to transgender people themselves (gender dysphoria, desire to become parents, self-trust), as well as c) the preferred type of gender transition (social or medical) in considering or pursuing fertility preservation or assisted reproductive technologies. Transgender people’s attitude towards having children is a complex topic in need for further investigation. We stress the need for training health professionals to establish a safe environment for transgender people who want to undergo fertility treatment, go through pregnancy and give birth.