bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Produksi, Distribusi, dan Konsumsi dalam Industrialisasi Musik Pop Bali
Authors: Ardini Ni Wayan 
Published: July 2020

Musik pop Bali mengalami industrialisasi sejak dasawarsa 1990-an ketika perkembangan teknologi, sistem ekonomi, dan budaya musik baru mendorong secara masif kelahiran studio-studio rekam, musisi-musisi, dan produk-produknya. Di tangan pemilik modal, muncul kapitalisme musik pop Bali. Di balik disknrsus pelestarian budaya Bali melalui musik pop Bali, ideologi dan kepentingan bekerja untuk tujuan kapitalisasÂ­ inya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sepanjang dua setengah dasawarsa ini, industrialisasi musik pop Bali berlangsung dalam bentuk produksi, distribusi, dan konsumsinya di wilayah Provinsi Bali akibat adanya jalinan kekuasaan budaya, kekuasaan kapital, dan kekuasaan media. lndustrialisasi tersebut dipenÂ­ garuhi oleh sejumlah ideologi, yaitu kapitalisme, popisme, politik budaya lokal, dan kulturalisme, di mana kapitalisme menjadi ideologi dominan. Industrialisasi musik pop Bali menyebabkan terjadinya dampak tertentu. Dampak ekonomi terkait dengan nilai tukar; dampak sosial (nilai guna) terkait dengan nilai gunalmanfaat; dampak budaya terkait dengan nilai identitaslotentisitas; dan dampak politik terkait dengan nilai pembangunanismel developmentalisme.
Thyroid screening in prediabetes: Does it have any role?
Authors: Thapa S. , Gyawali P. , Tamrakar R. , Risal P. 
Published: July 2020

Background: Thyroid dysfunction and hyperglycemia are common metabolic problem. Unrecognized thyroid dysfunction may amplify existing cardiovascular disease risk in hyperglycemic subjects. Early recognition and management of thyroid dysfunction helps to control blood glucose and prevent associated morbidity. The aim of this study was to assess thyroid function among prediabetics and compare it with healthy controls.
Methods: This study conducted in Kathmandu University hospital was reviewed and approved by Institutional review committee. The total of 200 participants were recruited for the study among which 106 were prediabetics (HbA1c 5.7–6.4%) and 94 apparently healthy controls (HbA1c<5.7%). We excluded known cases of diabetes mellitus, thyroid disorder, pregnant and those on medications that interfere with thyroid function and/or glucose metabolism.
Results: Among the total participants 57.5% (115) were female and 42.5 % (85) were male. Prediabetics had significantly higher TSH 3.0 (2.0, 4.9) in comparison to the control 2.61 (2.0, 3.9) population (p=0.004). Serum TSH was raised in 42 (21%) participants while 158 (79%) had normal thyroid function. The association between prediabetes and thyroid dysfunction was significant (p=0.04) with 26.4% of prediabetics having thyroid dysfunction compared to 14.9% in normal group. Thyroid dysfunction was independently associated with prediabetes (OR=2.38; 95% CI: 1.17–4.17).
Conclusions: Thyroid dysfunction is common finding among those with prediabetes. The cause of thyroid abnormality should be ascertained and treated appropriately to reduce the progression to diabetes mellitus and related complications. Though not routinely practiced, screening of thyroid disorder in patients with hyperglycemia could be beneficial.
Study of metformin in diabetes mellitus with stage 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease
Authors: Peeyush D. , Lamsal M. , Maskey R. , Sharma S.K. 
Published: July 2020

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease is one of the major complications of Diabetic patients. Cardiovascular mortality increases in patient with diabetes and more so with diabetic CKD. Clinician treating diabetic CKD finds option limited as metformin is considered contraindicated when serum creatinine is greater than 1.5 mg/dl in males and greater than 1.4 mg/dl in females. The primary aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of metformin in terms of glycemic control in patient with diabetic stage 3 and 4 CKD.
Methods: This is Randomised open labelled clinical trial done in the Department of Internal Medicine, B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal. Primary end point were glycemic status at 6 months as defined by with fasting, post prandial blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin in comparison to baseline.
Results: Altogether 73 diabetic patients with diabetic CKD stage 3 and 4 were included in the study. 41 patients were included in insulin group and 32 patients in metformin group. In metformin group, the fasting and past prandial blood sugar declined progressively compared to insulin group, where fasting and post prandial blood sugar declined more rapidly.
Conclusions: Metformin is found to be efficacious in diabetic CKD as it had already proved to be effective in diabetes without CKD. In this study metformin was not associated with lactic acidosis and the level of lactate with metformin treatment was similar to that of treatment with insulin. The vast majority of case reports relating metformin to lactic acidosis report at least one other disease/illness that could result in lactic acidosis. Despite increasing disregard of contraindications to metformin by physicians, the incidence of lactic acidosis has not increased, as does the result of this study. So metformin may be safe even in patients with diabetic CKD stage 3 and 4.
СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ КОНФЛИКТОЛОГИЯ: ТЕОРЕТИКО-ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ
Authors: Сухов А. Н. 
Published: July 2020

This given article reveals the topicality not only of destructive, but also of constructive, as well as hybrid conflicts. Practically it has been done for the first time. It also describes the history of the formation of both foreign and domestic social conflictology. At the same time, the chronology of the development of the latter is restored and presented objectively, in full, taking into account the contribution of those researchers who actually stood at its origins. The article deals with the essence of the socio-psychological approach to understanding conflicts. The subject of social conflictology includes the regularities of their occurrence and manifestation at various levels, spheres and conditions, including normal, complicated and extreme ones. Social conflictology includes the theory and practice of diagnosing, resolving, and resolving social conflicts. It analyzes the difficulties that occur in defining the concept, structure, dynamics, and classification of social conflicts. Therefore, it is no accident that the most important task is to create a full-fledged theory of social conflicts. Without this, it is impossible to talk about effective settlement and resolution of social conflicts. Social conflictology is an integral part of conflictology. There is still a lot of work to be done, both in theory and in application, for its complete design. At present, there is an urgent need to develop conflict-related competence not only of professionals, but also for various groups of the population.
Tantangan Perguruan Tinggi Indonesia Menghadapi Asean Economic Community
Authors: Purba Charles Bohlen 
Published: July 2020

Asean Economic Community (AEC)) tidak saja berdampak pada sector sosial, ekonomi dan politik, akan tetapi AEC akan memiliki dampak serius terhadap dunia pendidikan Indonesia. Indonesia akan kalah bersaing jika tidak mampu menyiapkan SDM yang unggul menghadapi tantangan regional atau internesional. Secara regulasi, Indonesia membuka ruang terhadap penyelenggara pendidikan asing di Indonesia sebagaimana diamanhkan dalam Pasal 90 Undang-undang No 12 tahun 2012 tentang Pendidikan Tinggi. Karena itu, Pemerintah perlu memahami peta persoalan di sektor pendidikan, supaya dapat dirancang program-program pembangunan yang tepat sasaran sehingga Indonesia dapat mengambil manfaat dari pelaksanaan AEC yang sudah dimulai sejak 1 Januari 2015 jika tidak maka bangsa Indonesia hanya akan menjadi konsumen dungu globalisasi, modernisasi melalui perjanjian-perjanijian yang telah disepakati pemerintah.Kata kunci: AEC, ekonomi, pendidikan dan Indonesia
Mistik dan Politik: Praktek Perdukunan Dalam Politik Indonesia
Authors: Bahaudin Bahaudin 
Published: July 2020

Dunia politik modern tidak selamanya bertumpu kepada kekuatan akal, kalkulasi matang atau hitungan nyata sesuai hasil survey. Namun diluar dari prinsip-prinsip dan kaidah logis masih terselip kekuatan lain yang berperan, yaitu kekuatan Mistik atau spiritual. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan Cultural Studies, penulis melakukan penelitian hubungan elite politik dengan dunia mistik sejak jaman kerajaan-kerajaan di Nusantara hingga periode berdirinya Republik Indonesia. Para Raja di masa kerajaan atau Presiden di Indonesia; Soekarno, Soeharto, Abdurrahman Wahid, Megawati dan Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono memiliki guru spiritual sebagai penasehat atau penopang dalam kekuasaan politik mereka. Penulis berkesimpulan bahwa panggung politik dalam sejarah Indonesia bahkan sejarah Kerajaan di bumi nusantara tidak saja bertumpu pada kekuatan logis tetapi juga penggunaan ilmu supranatural dalam meraih dan mempertahankan kekuasaan.
Kedudukan Polri Dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan: Isu-Isu Polri Dalam RUU Kamnas
Authors: Djamin Awaloedin 
Published: July 2020

Keberadaan RUU Kamnas tidak saja menimbulkan polemik di tengah-tengah masyarakat sipil, tetapi juga memunculkan isu-isu seputar status dan kedudukan Polri dalam sistem ketatanegaraan Negara Republik Indonesia. Tulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk menjawab isu-isu Polri dalam polemik RUU Kamnas. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan sejarah Polri-TNI serta hukum nasional dan internasional, tulisan ini tidak secara emosional mempertahankan keberadaan Polri berada di bawah Presiden, tetapi dimaksudkan dalam rangka memberikan informasi dan data agar dapat dipahami secaya obyektif berkenaan dengan polemik RUU Kamnas.
Reformasi di Kementerian Pertahanan RI
Authors: Sukadis Beni 
Published: July 2020

AbstrakReformasi bidang pertahanan yang dialami Indonesia sejak disahkan UU Pertahanan Negara dan UU TNI hingga kini belum selesai karena beberapa faktor yang cukup menghambat reformasi ini. Beberapa faktor yang menghambat, yaitu masih ada budaya paternalistik dalam birokrasi, masih ada ketidakjelasan kedudukan antara menteri pertahanan dan panglima TNI dalam pembagian wewenang khususnya terkait hubungan sipil-militer dan kepemimpinan sipil yang lemah dalam mengelola reformasi di Kementerian Pertahanan. Hingga saat ini implementasi supremasi sipil masih samar di Kementerian Pertahanan, walaupun secara faktual menteri pertahanan berasal dari sipil, tapi di sisi lain dominasi militer dalam jabatan pengambilan keputusan masih terjadi. Padahal supremasi sipil seharusnya direpresentasikan dalam wujud nyata bukan hanya dari hanya dari satu posisi pimpinan, yakni bagaimana otoritas sipil secara dominan dapat mengambil keputusan politik yang otonom sesuai dengan kebijakan negara yang dimandatkan oleh UU dan aturan yang ada.Kata kunci: reformasi pertahanan, hubungan sipil militer, supremasi sipil. Defense reform still underway since Indonesia passed the Law on State Defense and the TNI the reform law has not completed yet, because there are many factors that impede the reform process. Some of the factors are the paternalistic culture still exist in the bureaucracy, there is also ambiguity on the relations between the Defense Minister and the Commander of TNI in the division of labor especially to civil-military relations and weak civilian leadership in managing the reform at the Ministry of Defense. Until now, the implementation of civil supremacy within the Ministry is vague, although the ministers are civilian, but in fact the military domination in decision making process remains strong. Whereas, civil supremacy should not be exemplified on the top position, but the civilians authority take the lead in the decision making in accordance to the State Policy as stipulated by the law.Keywords: defense reform, civil-military, civilian supremacy.
Penanganan Teror Bom Thamrin Ditinjau Berdasarkan Skep Kapolri Nomor: 172 Tahun 2014 tentang Penanganan Tempat Kejadian Perkara (PTKP) Bom
Authors: Tabrani Dedy 
Published: July 2020

AbstrakFenomena ISIS pasca Al-Qaeda telah memberikan harapan baru dan semangat baru kelompok radikal Islam di Indonesia. Salah satu aksi terorisme yang dilakukan oleh anggota ISIS di Indonesia adalah terror Bom Thamrin pada 14 Januari 2016 dengan pola dan modus berupa bom dan penembakan. Polri sebagai leading sector penanganan terorisme, telah merumuskan beberapa peraturan mengenai penanganan terorisme, misalnya, Keputusan Kepala Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor: 172 Tahun 2014 tentang Penanganan Tempat Kejadian Perkara Bom (PTKP). Keputusan tersebut menjadi landasan kepolisian dalam penanganan kasus teror di lapangan. Untuk itu, penelitian ini akan mengungkap sejauh mana penanganan terror bom Thamrin ditinjau berdasarkan Skep Kapolri Nomor: 172 Tahun 2014 Tentang Penanganan Tempat Kejadian Perkara Bom (PTKP).Kata kunci: terorisme, Teror Thamrin, ISIS, Polri ISIS phenomena after Al-Qaeda have given new hope and spirit of Islamic radicalism groups in Indonesia. One of terrorism action by ISIS members was Thamrin bombing terror on January 14, 2016 with pattern and modus of bombings and shootings. Indonesian National Police as a leading sector in handling terrorism has formulated rules regarding terrorism handling, such as the Decree of the Indonesian National Police Chief (Perkap) No. 172, 2014 on the Handling of the Crime Scene (PTKP) of bomb. This decree becomes the base of police on handling terror scene. Therefore, this research can reveal how far the handling of Thamrin terror bombing based on Skep No. 173, 2014.Keywords: Terrorism, Terror of Thamrin, ISIS, Indonesian National Police
Teror Bom Buku di Jakarta: Peran Polri dalam Penanganan Terorisme di Indonesia
Authors: Widodo H.M.S. Urip 
Published: July 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan teror bom buku yang terjadi di Jakarta pada 15 Maret 2011. Berdasarkan sumber data Berita Acara Pemeriksaan (BAP), penelitian ini mampu memberikan penjelasan secara kronologis rencana aksi teror bom buku. Teror bom buku ini merupakan modus baru para teroris dalam melakukan aksinya, karena yang menjadi targetnya adalah individu. Teror bom buku, apabila melihat jumlah korban dan kualitas ledakan, tidak sebanding dengan bom yang ditempatkan di gedung-gedung tertentu seperti pada kasus-kasus teror bom sebelumnya. Akan tetapi dampaknya hampir sama, bahkan teror bom buku sudah menyentuh aspek psikologi masyarakat awam. Ketakutan dan kepanikan yang melanda sampai di tingkat rumah tangga adalah bentuk keberhasilan aksi bom buku menjadi sebuah teror. Mengacu pada hukum formal yang berlaku di Indonesia, maka aksi dan pelaku bom buku dapat dikategorikan sebagai tindak pidana terorisme.Kata kunci: terorisme, bom buku, hukum, kepolisian. This research purposes to explain a terror of book bombing which take place in Jakarta on March 15th 2011. Based on data of Police Investigation Report, it capables to give explanation chronologically of planning from terror of book bombing. This terror of book bombing is a new modus of terrorist in their activity whereas their target is an individual. If we see from the number of victim and the quality of explosion, it can not be compared with bomb which were placed on certain buildings, such as cases of bombings before. However its impact is similiar, even the terror of book bombing has reached psychological aspect of society. Fear and panic spread to reach household are illuminating the success of terror of book bombing. Referring to formal law in Indonesia, activity and person of terror of book bombing can be categorized as a criminal act of terrorism.Keywords: terrorism, bombing book, law, police.
Keamanan Nasional dalam Konteks Isu-isu Global Kontemporer: Sebuah Tinjauan Hubungan Internasional
Authors: Amaritasari Indah Pangestu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article discusses global issues and its relation with national security. Global contemporary issues—drugs, migration, living environment, population, global economy challenges, liberal democracy crisis, fusion and division, small arms production—are issues that emerged as new security threats that transformed since the end of the Cold War. Security threats are no longer in form of “military attacks” that one country does to another, but are acts of crime that are performed by non-state actors and are aimed at state actors, individuals or citizens that ultimately threaten human security. Human security is a new term in response of threats from global contemporary issues. This article concludes that national security in the context of global contemporary issues in an international relations perspective is a complex issue. This is explained in the transnational theory in international relations. United Nations have reassessed the concept of national security which then noted about human security.Keywords: International relations, human security, national security AbstrakArtikel ini membahas tentang isu-isu global dan kaitannya dengan ancaman terhadap keamanan nasional. Isu-isu global kontemporer—obat-obatan (drugs), migrasi, lingkungan hidup, populasi, tantangan ekonomi global, krisis demokrasi liberal, fusi dan pembelahan, produksi senjata ringan—merupakan isu yang lahir sebagai bentuk baru ancaman keamanan yang mengalami transformasi sejak berakhirnya Perang Dingin. Ancaman dalam bentuk baru bukan lagi berupa “serangan militer” yang dilakukan oleh suatu negara terhadap negara lain, tetapi tindakan kejahatan yang dilakukan oleh aktor non-negara (non-state actor) dan ditujukan kepada negara (state actor), individu atau warga negara yang mengancam keamanan umat manusia (human security). Isu keamanan manusia (human security) merupakan istilah baru dalam merespon ancaman dari perkembangan isu global kontemporer. Dalam artikel ini disimpulkan bahwa keamanan nasional dalam konteks isu global kontemporer pada prespektif hubungan internasional adalah hal yang kompleks. Hal ini kemudian dijelaskan dalam teori transnasional dalam hubungan internasional. PBB kemudian memberikan tawaran untuk mengkonseptualisasi kembali pengertian keamanan nasional yang pada akhirnya memberikan masukan mengenai keamanan kemanusia (human security).Kata kunci: Hubungan Internasional, ancaman, human security, keamanan nasional
Finding Home: A Forensic Perspective on the Global Crisis of Forced Migration
Authors: Heristyorini Ayodya 
Published: July 2020

AbstractForced migration is a major social, political, legal, and public health challenge for the world today. Many developed countries are struggling to keep up with the massive influx of refugees streaming in bringing a myriad of issues that needs to be addressed. Despite fleeing for their lives when crossing geographical borders, refugees still have the legal burden to validate asylum claim. The aim of this paper is to discuss the different roles that forensic science can partake in managing the global crisis of forced migration. In a legal aspect, the role of forensics is providing evidence that can aid refugees in their asylum proceedings, such as age estimation for minors, physical and mental health assessments, and investigation of torture allegations. Despite polarising public opinion and many problematic challenges involved in working with refugees, the spirit of forensic science has always been about objectivity without discrimination. It is within the professional duty of forensic expertise as members of the global communityto contribute what they can in this humanitarian crisis our society is currently facing.Keywords: migration, legal, forensic science and humanitarian AbstrakKrisis pengungsi menjadi masalah sosial, politik, hukum dan kesehatan masyarakat yang menjadi tantangan dunia saat ini. Banyak Negara maju yang mengalami kesulitan menangani gelombang pengungsi yang datang dengan berbagai masalah yang perlu diatasi. Meskipun alasan pengungsi menyeberangi perbatasan geografis negara adalah untuk menyelamatkan nyawa, mereka tetap memiliki beban hukum untuk mengesahkan pencarian suaka mereka. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah membahas berbagai peran ilmu forensik dalam menangani krisis pengungsi yang sedang terjadi di dunia. Dalam aspek hukum, peran forensik adalah memberikan pembuktian yang dapat membantu pengungsi dalam proses suaka mereka, antara lain perkiraan usia untuk pengungsi di bawah umur, pemeriksaan kesehatan fisik dan kejiwaan pengungsi, dan penyelidikan kasus penganiayaan. Meski opini publik bertentangan dan banyaknya tantangan problematis yang terlibat terkait pengungsi, jiwa ilmu forensik adalah objektifitas tanpa diskriminasi. Praktisi forensik memiliki tanggung jawab sebagai anggota komunitas dunia untuk menyumbangkan keahlian yang mereka punya dalam krisis kemanusiaan yang dihadapi masyarakat sekarang.Kata kunci: Migrasi, hukum, ilmu forensik dan kemanusiaan
Menyoal Konsep Demokrasi Amerika Serikat: Promosi dan Trajektorinya
Authors: Arifianto Muhamad Lukman 
Published: July 2020

Post World War II and after Cold War period, international community realized the importance to create a peaceful system without war. United State as the winner of those wars has been accounted to have ability in promoting democracy and global peace that prioritized offensive liberal approach by optimizing the use of military approach pushed by his fear of his hegemony position. In the same spectrum, the national interest of democracy states are certainly more hurdle in getting benefit from being a democracy state. Even though globalization effect has opened wide opportunity for individual in democracy state to make a cooperation – military, economy, and investment on social-culture with non-democracy state, such as China, the share of benefit in geo-political between promoter of democracy and democracy imported state are things to be anticipated by democracy state. It is importance to review the process and relation character between the imported democracy states with US, which in general begin through mechanism and varieties of bandwagoning.
Sistem Ekonomi Pancasila: Memaknai Pasal 33 UUD 1945
Authors: Bawazier Fuad 
Published: July 2020

Even though our the founding fathers have givenvery clear in developing the Indonesian economy system as clearly stated in Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution, in practice,the implementation of the Constitution does still not become the focus of government policy from one regime to the next. The understanding and the readiness of the leader, similar to the leader influencers, toimplement Article 33 of the Constitution the Berkeley Mafia in the New Order era who has alienated the Indonesian people to achieve theformulated desirable economic development stated in the Constitution. Does Pancasila economic system have a doubt full role to our decision makers and never give up to stop trying other formula.