bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The experience of adherence among hemodialysis patients undergoing therapeutic regimen: a qualitative study
Authors: Sulistyaningsih Dwi Retno , Nurachmah Elly , Yetti Krisna , Priyo Hastono Sutanto 
Published: December 2020

Background: Hemodialysis is one of the most widely used renal replacement therapies and the most efficient procedure for managing patients with end-stage renal disease. It can reduce the symptoms of the disease; however, it affects quality of life, resulting in major changes to all areas of life. Thus, patients must adhere to the therapeutic regimen of hemodialysis. Knowledge regarding the adherence of hemodialysis patients to their therapeutic regimens and their experience is needed as it forms the basis for developing comprehensive nursing care and broader nursing practices for renal disease patients. This study aimed to explore patients’ experience of adherence to the therapeutic regimen. Methods: The design of this study was formulated using a qualitative phenomenological approach with a purposive sampling method that involved interviewing 10 selected patients. Data analysis was performed using the Colaizzi method. Results: The results of this study revealed five themes: (1) the most difficult period is the beginning of the hemodialysis program; (2) it is important for patients to perform self-care; (3) nurses play a critical role in improving adherence; (4) there is a decrease in patients’ ability to perform physical activity; and (5) there are supporting and inhibiting factors of adherence to the therapeutic regimens in hemodialysis patients. Conclusions: Adherence to the therapeutic regimen fluctuates. Thus, there is a need to optimize the role of nurses in improving adherence.
High SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in health care workers but relatively low numbers of deaths in urban Malawi
Authors: Chibwana Marah G. , Jere Khuzwayo C. , Kamng'ona Raphael , Mandolo Jonathan , Katunga-Phiri Vincent , Tembo Dumizulu , Mitole Ndaona , Musasa Samantha , Sichone Simon , Lakudzala Agness , Sibale Lusako , Matambo Prisca , Kadwala Innocent , Byrne Rachel L. , Mbewe Alice , Henrion Marc Y. R. , Morton Ben , Phiri Chimota , Mallewa Jane , Mwandumba Henry C. , Adams Emily R. , Gordon Stephen B. , Jambo Kondwani C. 
Published: December 2020

Background: In low-income countries, like Malawi, important public health measures including social distancing or a lockdown have been challenging to implement owing to socioeconomic constraints, leading to predictions that the COVID-19 pandemic would progress rapidly. However, due to limited capacity to test for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, there are no reliable estimates of the true burden of infection and death. We, therefore, conducted a SARS-CoV-2 serosurvey amongst health care workers (HCWs) in Blantyre city to estimate the cumulative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in urban Malawi. Methods: We recruited 500 otherwise asymptomatic HCWs from Blantyre City (Malawi) from 22nd May 2020 to 19th June 2020 and serum samples were collected from all participants. A commercial ELISA was used to measure SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in serum. Results: A total of 84 participants tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. The HCWs with positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody results came from different parts of the city. The adjusted seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was 12.3% [CI 8.2 - 16.5]. Using age-stratified infection fatality estimates reported from elsewhere, we found that at the observed adjusted seroprevalence, the number of predicted deaths was eight times the number of reported deaths. Conclusions: The high seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among HCWs and the discrepancy in the predicted versus reported deaths suggests that there was early exposure but slow progression of COVID-19 epidemic in urban Malawi. This highlights the urgent need for development of locally parameterised mathematical models to more accurately predict the trajectory of the epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa for better evidence-based policy decisions and public health response planning.
Programme theory and linked intervention strategy for large-scale change to improve hospital care in a low and middle-income country - A Study Pre-Protocol
Authors: English Mike , Nzinga Jacinta , Irimu Grace , Gathara David , Aluvaala Jalemba , McKnight Jacob , Wong Geoffrey , Molyneux Sassy 
Published: December 2020

In low and middle-income countries (LMIC) general hospitals are important for delivering some key acute care services. Neonatal care is emblematic of these acute services as averting deaths requires skilled care over many days from multiple professionals with at least basic equipment. However, hospital care is often of poor quality and large-scale change is needed to improve outcomes. In this manuscript we aim to show how we have drawn upon our understanding of contexts of care in Kenyan general hospital NBUs, and on social and behavioural theories that offer potential mechanisms of change in these settings, to develop an initial programme theory guiding a large scale change intervention to improve neonatal care and outcomes. Our programme theory is an expression of our assumptions about what actions will be both useful and feasible. It incorporates a recognition of our strengths and limitations as a research-practitioner partnership to influence change. The steps we employ represent the initial programme theory development phase commonly undertaken in many Realist Evaluations. However, unlike many Realist Evaluations that develop initial programme theories focused on pre-existing interventions or programmes, our programme theory informs the design of a new intervention that we plan to execute. Within this paper we articulate briefly how we propose to operationalise this new intervention. Finally, we outline the quantitative and qualitative research activities that we will use to address specific questions related to the delivery and effects of this new intervention, discussing some of the challenges of such study designs. We intend that this research on the intervention will inform future efforts to revise the programme theory and yield transferable learning.
Multiregional Oligopoly with Capacity Constraints
Authors: Alsabah Humoud , Bernard Benjamin , Capponi Agostino , Iyengar Garud , Sethuraman Jay 
Published: December 2020

We develop a model of Cournot competition between capacity-constrained firms that sell a single good to multiple regions. We provide a novel characterization for the unique equilibrium allocation of the good across regions and design an algorithm to compute it. We show that a reduction in transportation costs by a firm may negatively impact the profit of all firms and reduce aggregate consumer surplus if such a firm is capacity constrained. Our results imply that policies promoting free trade may have unintended consequences and reduce aggregate welfare in capacity-constrained industries. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, revenue management and market analytics.
Direct measurement of individual optical forces in ensembles of trapped particles
Authors: Strasser Franziska , Moser Simon , Ritsch-Marte Monika , Thalhammer Gregor 
Published: December 2020

Optical tweezers are a powerful tool to hold and manipulate particles on the microscale. The ability to measure tiny forces enables detailed investigations, e.g., of the mechanical properties of biological systems. Here we present a generally applicable method to simultaneously measure all components of the force applied to a specific particle in a trapped ensemble, or to a specific site of an extended object. This holographic force measurement relies on a detailed analysis of a single interference pattern formed in the far field to recover amplitude and phase of the field. It requires no information about size, shape, or optical properties of the particles and can be scaled to many traps—we show individual force measurements for up to 10 particles. In addition, we demonstrate force measurements when stretching a red blood cell, held directly by four traps. This method opens up a wealth of new opportunities made possible by localized quantitative force measurements in complex biological settings.
Similar effects of fatigue induced by a repetitive pointing task on local and remote light touch and pain perception in men and women
Authors: Bouffard Jason , Weber Zachary , Pearsall Lyndsey , Emery Kim , Côté Julie N. 
Published: December 2020

Background
Women involved in repetitive, fatiguing, jobs develop more neck and/or shoulder musculoskeletal disorders than men. Sex differences in the pain response to exercise could contribute to the higher prevalence of neck/shoulder musculoskeletal disorders in women. The objective of this study was to assess sex differences in pain sensitivity following a fatiguing upper limb task. Relationships between measures of fatigue and of the sensitivity to nociceptive and to non-nociceptive stimulations were also explored.

Methods
Thirty healthy adults (15 women) performed a fatiguing repetitive pointing task with their dominant arm. Upper limb electromyography was recorded from the dominant upper trapezius, anterior deltoid and bicep brachii and from the contralateral tibialis anterior. Before and immediately after the repetitive pointing task, pressure pain and light touch sensitivity thresholds were measured over the same muscles.

Results
Electromyographic signs of fatigue were observed only in the anterior deltoid and biceps brachii muscles. Pressure pain thresholds over both muscles increased slightly (effect size ≤ 0.34), but no changes occurred over the upper trapezius and the tibialis anterior. Light touch thresholds increased moderately to importantly after the repetitive pointing task over all four muscles (effect sizes = 0.58 to 0.87). No sex differences were observed in any sensory variable. Moreover, no or weak correlations (r = -0.27 to 0.39) were observed between electromyographical signs of fatigue, light touch threshold and pressure pain threshold variables.

Conclusions
We observed sex-independent effects of a repetitive upper limb task on the sensitivity to painful and to nonpainful stimuli. Moreover, the hypoalgesia induced by the repetitive pointing task was weak and localized, and did not directly correlate with the induced muscle fatigue. Results suggest that fatigue-related changes in the sensitivity to noxious and innocuous stimuli could not explain women’s greater prevalence of neck/shoulder musculoskeletal disorders.
Autonomy, power dynamics and antibiotic use in primary healthcare: A qualitative study
Authors: Medina-Perucha Laura , García-Sangenís Ana , Moragas Ana , Gálvez-Hernández Pablo , Cots Josep María , Lanau-Roig Anna , Borràs Alícia , Amo Isabel , Monfà Ramon , Llor Carl , Berenguera Anna 
Published: December 2020

Antibiotic resistance is a global health concern. Although numerous strategies have tried to reduce inadequate antibiotic prescribing, antibiotics are still prescribed in 60% of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs) cases in Catalonia (Spain). This study aims to explore service users’ experiences of ALRTIs, the quality and access to healthcare services, and health education. Selective purposive sampling was carried out, based on a prior definition of participant characteristics. These were sex, age, ethnicity, date of the last ALRTI, number of ALRTIs in the last year, and treatments received. Participants with a previous diagnosis of ALRTIs were recruited from three primary health care centres in Barcelona and one in Tarragona. Twenty-nine interviews were conducted between April and June 2019. A content thematic analysis was performed. Three themes were identified: 1) risk perceptions and help-seeking; 2) treatment preferences and antibiotic use; and 3) relationship dynamics and communication with healthcare professionals. Accounts of service users’ sense of autonomy towards their health and power dynamics within the healthcare system were apparent. Supporting service users to become reliable, subjective and agentic experts of their health and bodies could help them to voice their healthcare agendas. Power structures embedded within healthcare, political and economic institutions should be challenged so that healthcare services can be co-developed (with service users) and based on service users’ autonomy and horizontal relationships. Special consideration should be paid to the intersection of social vulnerabilities. A concordance approach to prescribing could be key to improve the responsible use of antibiotics and to contribute to the prevention of AMR in primary healthcare. The marketisation of health, and the increased demands of private healthcare in Spain due to the financial pressures on public healthcare as a consequence of the financial crisis of 2008 and the COVID-19 pandemic, are a risk for promoting adequate antibiotic prescribing and use.Trial registrationThe ISAAC-CAT study has been registered in the NCT registry, ID:NCT03931577.
Colonial Subjects and Others: Racism and Inequality during Italian Rule in the Horn of Africa
Authors: Camilleri Nicola 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In the history of the Horn of Africa, Italian colonial rule came as a new chapter of a long history of foreigner rulers, conflicts, and translocal exchanges. Yet, Italian colonialism left long-lasting traces in the memory of the inhabitants of Eritrea, Somalia, and Ethiopia. The present contribution deals with citizenship policy in the territories of the Horn of Africa during Italian rule (1880s– 1940s). It centers on the racialized and instrumentalized form of citizenship, i.e., colonial subjecthood (sudditanza coloniale), created by the Kingdom of Italy to keep local colonial inhabitants outside of the metropolitan legal sphere. The basis for this differentiating policy was the Eurocentric assumption of a racial and cultural superiority of the colonizers vis-à-vis the colonized. Yet, ethnic, religious, and socioeconomic differences kept existing in colonial society. The article examines the different meanings and contents colonial subjecthood assumed throughout the years of Italian rule and the reasons of those changes. Furthermore, it looks at how diverse members of local society faced the citizenship policy of the Italian colonizer and how they, if possible, tried to negotiate their legal condition on the spot.
Agricultural residues as substrates in the production of formosa papaya, okra and zucchini seedlings
Authors: Lo Monaco Paola Alfonsa Vieira , Paula Larissa Ionara Silva , Salla Paola Honorato , Haddade Ismail Ramalho , Vieira Gustavo Haddad Souza , Nandorf Rodrigo Junior , Mattedi Lillya 
Published: December 2020

Using residues generated in agriculture to produce seedlingsis an economically interesting alternative, besides being a way to reduce the environmental impacts caused by their inadequate disposal. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of using coffee chaff (CC) and organic compost (OC) as substrate components for the production of Formosa papaya seedlings and the potential of grape pomace (GP), a vitiviniculture residue, in the composition of substrates for the production of okra and zucchini seedlings. We carried out two trials in a completely randomized design (CRD): the first had seven treatments and six replicates: T0: 100% commercial substrate Bioplant® (CS); from T1 to T6: increasing proportions of CC and decreasing of CC: 10/90; 20/80; 30/70; 40/60; 50/50 e 60/40%. The second had six treatments and six replicates, with increasing proportions of GP and decreasing proportions of CS: 0/100; 10/90; 20/80; 30/70; 40/60 and 50/50%.In the first trial we evaluated the number of leaves, root length, seedling height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, total dry mass and Dickson Quality Index (DQI) at 59 days after sowing.The second trialwas performed at 12 and 18 DAS and we analyzed the number of leaves, plant height, root length, collar diameter, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, total dry mass and Dickson Quality Index (DQI). Variables that met the assumptions of normality and homoscedasticity were subjected to Dunnett’s test. The substrate composed of coffee chaff and organic compost has a high potential to be used as an alternative substrate due to promote better quality of papaya seedlings compared to the commercial substrate. Alternative substrate containing 60% coffee chaff and 40% organic compost is recommended for the production of Formosa papaya seedlings in tubes. The grape pomace (GP) has a high potential to be used as component in substrate for the production of okra and zucchini seedlings compared to the commercial substrate (CS) only. Alternative substrate composed of 50% GP and 50% CS is recommended for the production of zucchini seedlings, while substrate composed of 10% GP and 90% CS is recommended for the production of okra seedlings.
Na pomezí formálního a neformálního vzdělávání
Authors: Jagošová Lucie 
Published: December 2020

Abstrakt: Muzea vědecky zpracovávají, dokumentují a zprostředkovávají historii i současnost vývoje přírody, člověka a lidské společnosti a zastřešují veškeré oblasti i obory působení člověka, od zaměření přírodovědného přes technické až po humanitní. Svým návštěvníkům zprostředkovávají obory a témata za efektivního využití atraktivních sbírkových předmětů či jejich substitutů a s ohledem na posilování vztahu návštěvníků k regionu a místnímu kulturnímu, technickému a přírodnímu dědictví. Edukační činností naplňují muzea potenciál optimálního, podnětného prostředí pro neformální vzdělávání, které pracuje s aktivizací návštěvníků, principem názornosti, hands-on přístupem, učením se z exponátů, autenticitou, zážitkovostí a prvky edutainmentu. Nabízejí různorodé formáty edukačních programů a didaktických prostředků pro různé cílové skupiny, k nimž patří děti, dospělí, senioři, rodiny, návštěvníci se speciálními potřebami, ale tradičně také školy a další organizace, které pracují s dětmi a mládeží. Náhledem do edukace v různorodém prostředí můžeme nacházet určité paralely, ale i specifické odlišnosti v profesních kompetencích muzejních pedagogů a učitelů, které mohou přispět k vzájemnému obohacování při jejich spolupráci.
Klíčová slova: neformální vzdělávání, učení v muzeu, muzejní pedagogika, muzejní pedagog.
Intelligibility in English as a lingua franca – The interpreters’ perspective
Authors: Reithofer Karin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This article aims at examining the topic of ELF intelligibility from the interpreters’ perspective. Therefore, the focus is put on listener factors affecting intelligibility in settings typical for interpreting i.e. monologic settings. Data from various intelligibility studies are compared with results from a study that tested an ELF user’s intelligibility in a conference-like ELF setting and examined the influence of listener variables such as background knowledge, familiarity with ELF use or proficiency in English. In this study, an Italian speaker gave an impromptu speech in English to participants who subsequently were asked to answer written questions on the topic. The results showed that listeners with more experience in ELF settings reached the highest score in the test, while participants with specialist knowledge were unable to profit from it. The participants’ English language skills played a rather subordinate role. The findings of this study may prove useful for considerations in interpreter training and can contribute to the development of concrete, evidence-based training methods for interpreters in the interpreting sub-skill of comprehension.
La pedagogía para la paz como estrategia para la transformación de imaginarios sociales de violencia en niños y niñas de la región del Catatumbo
Authors: Durán Ovallos Eilynn Susana 
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo realiza un estudio documental utilizando el método hermenéutico[1], con el propósito de analizar la realidad social que viven los niños y niñas en medio del conflicto armado presente en la región del Catatumbo, enfatizando en los graves efectos que genera esta situación en el desarrollo integral de la infancia y en la manera en que la violencia se apropia de dicha realidad e influye en los modos de percibir el mundo social, mediante imaginarios favorables a la violencia que resultan afectando su proceso de construcción social y repercutiendo en el adulto del mañana. Por tanto, desde la teoría del construccionismo social[2], el texto muestra la capacidad autocreadora y transformadora del ser humano, lo que permite que ante una realidad trastornada por la violencia que afecta la construcción de subjetividades e identidades de niños y niñas, puedan desarrollarse procesos de cambio, a partir de metodologías y estrategias propuestas desde la pedagogía para la paz, siendo el diseño e implementación de las mismas una prioridad que debe incluirse dentro de la agenda regional en el Catatumbo, a fin de contrarrestar los efectos del conflicto armado en los niños y niñas y pasar de una cultura violenta a una cultura de paz.
Una lectura quijotesca de "San Manuel Bueno, Mártir", de Miguel de Unamuno
Authors: Gámez García María del Mar 
Published: December 2020

El presente artículo propone una lectura quijotesca de San Manuel Bueno, Mártir (1931) con el objetivo de demostrar la influencia de la obra maestra de Miguel de Cervantes, Don Quijote de La Mancha, en esta novela corta de Miguel de Unamuno. A partir del concepto del «horizonte de expectativas», propuesto por Hans Robert Jauss, se destacarán los numerosos paralelismos existentes entre los protagonistas de Don Quijote de La Mancha y San Manuel Bueno, Mártir y las técnicas narrativas empleadas en ambas novelas.
Sur la convergence de l'intégrale de Laplace—Stieltjes type
Authors: Abdrakmanov V. 
Published: December 2020

The abstracts (in two languages) can be found in the pdf file of the article.
Original author name(s) and title in Russian and Lithuanian:
В. Г. Абдрахманов. О сходимости интеграла типа Лапласа—Стилтьеса
V. Abdrakmanovas. Laplaso—Stiltieso tipo integralo konvergencijos klausimu
The method of Dirichlet generating series in the theory of distribution of additive arithmetic functions. I
Authors: Kubilius J. 
Published: December 2020

The abstracts (in two languages) can be found in the pdf file of the article.
Original author name(s) and title in Russian and Lithuanian:
И. Кубилюс. Метод производящих рядов Дирихле в теории распределения аддитивных арифметических функций. I
J. Kubilius. Generuojančių Dirichlė eilučių metodas adityvinių aritmetinių funkcijų pasiskirstymo teorijose. I
On the maximum of stochastic Gaussian field
Authors: Lapinskas R. 
Published: December 2020

The abstracts (in two languages) can be found in the pdf file of the article.
Original author name(s) and title in Russian and Lithuanian:
Р. Лапинскас. О максимуме однородного нормального поля
R. Lapinskas. Apie homogeninio normalinio lauko maksimumą
Ober die nichtholonome Hyperflache in verallgemeinerten euklidischem Raum
Authors: Stiklakytė L. 
Published: December 2020

The abstracts (in two languages) can be found in the pdf file of the article.
Original author name(s) and title in Russian and Lithuanian:
Л. И. Стиклаките. О неголономной гиперповерхности обобщенного евклидового пространства
L. Stiklakytė. Apie apibendrintos euklidinės erdvės neholonominį hiperpaviršių
On calculation of Laplace’s operator eigenvalues
Authors: Sapagovienė D. 
Published: December 2020

The abstracts (in two languages) can be found in the pdf file of the article.
Original author name(s) and title in Russian and Lithuanian:
Д. И. Сапаговене. О вычислении собственных значений оператора Лапласа
D. Sapagovienė. Laplaso operatoriaus nuosavų reikšmių skaičiavimo klausimu
Selection conditions of unknown solution of Burnett equations
Authors: Skakauskas V. 
Published: December 2020

The abstracts (in two languages) can be found in the pdf file of the article.
Original author name(s) and title in Russian and Lithuanian:
В. И. Скакаускас. Условия отбора искомого решения уравнений Барнета
V. Skakauskas. Barneto lygčių ieškomo sprendinio atrankos sąlygos