bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemical and microbiological quality of fermented goat meat dendeng with different levels of L. plantarum
Authors: Umam A K , Radiati L E , Susila A , Hapsari R N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Lactobacillus plantarum is one of lactic acid bacteria that more resistant to acidic condition so that potentially used to extend dendeng shelf life. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the quality of fermented goat meat dendeng with L. Plantarum at chemical and microbiological quality. Three different levels of L. plantarum (0, 0.3, 3, and 30 mL) were applied to goat meat dendeng at room temperature. Results showed a significant different in pH, titratable acidity (TA), and Total Plate Count (TPC) on fermented goat meat dendeng, except for total lactic acid bacteria (LAB). At 30 mL. L. plantarum application showed better characteristics on chemical quality, with lowest values of pH 5.16±0.25, highest Titratable Acidity 22.66±0.73 highest number of microbiological quality including Total Plate Count (TPC) 6.34±0.56 CFU/g and Total Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) 6.84±0.69 CFU/g, respectively. From the study it is concluded that addition of L. plantarum resulted better characteristics on chemical and microbiological quality, and it is possible to be applied for commercial production of fermented goat meat dendeng.
Growth optimization of Bacillus subtilis 11A isolated from Indonesian native chicken (Gallus domesticus) for bacteriocin production
Authors: Cahya V A , Hanim C , Yusiati L M , Bachruddin Z , Erwanto Y 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to obtain the optimal growth of Bacillus subtilis 11A isolated from Indonesian native chicken (Gallus domesticus). The growth optimization included pH medium conditions (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5) and different incubation temperatures (31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41°C). Isolate was incubated for 12 hours using Luria Bertani broth. Optical density was observed using spectrophotometer (λ600) at 0 and 12 hours of incubations. Bacteriocin activity against pathogens Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli was determined using a well-diffused method. Data was statistically analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed with Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) to distinguish the treatment means. The results showed that the optimum pH for bacterial growth was at pH 6.5. Optimum temperature for bacterial growth was at 39°C. The highest bacteriocin activity of B. subtilis 11A against indicator pathogens was resulted at stationary phase (1906.14, 2179.79, 2343.07 AU/ml). It can be concluded that B. subtilis 11A isolated from Indonesian native chicken grew optimally for bacteriocin production at pH 6.5 and temperature 39°C. The highest bacteriocin production and activity produced by Bacillus subtilis 11A was at stationary phase.
Estimation of production and quality of forage under palm oil plantations in different sections
Authors: Martono S , Suhartanto B , Utomo R 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to determine forage production and quality under palm oil plantations in different sections. Data were collected from palm oil plantations aged of 9 years in PT. Buana Karya Bhakti, South Kalimantan with a destructive sampling method and then analyzed for forage production, botanical diversity, and chemical compositions. The data were analyzed using T-test. The results showed that dry matter forage production in the edge section (2,914±854 kg/ha/year) was higher (P<0.01) than that in middle section (754±191 kg/ha/year). Chemical composition: DM, CP, EE, NFE and TDN contents of forage in the edge section were not significantly different with in the middle section, however OM and CF contents in the edge section were higher (P<0.01) than that in the middle section. The NDF and ADF contents in the edge and middle sections were not significantly differents, while lignin content in the middle section (15.1±0.6%) was higher (P<0.01) than that in the edge section (10.8±1.0%). It can identified 90 plants species which consisted of 30 species grasses, 38 species forbs, 9 species ferns and 13 species other plants. In conclusion, the edge section under palm oil plantation more potential to provide ruminant feed.
In vitro digestibility assessment of banana stem silage (Musa paradisiaca) inoculated with EM-4 and different accelerators added as ruminant feed
Authors: Wajizah S , Akbar M A , Usman Y 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Utilization of banana (Musa paradisiaca) stem as ruminant feed is limited by low crude protein and high crude fiber content. High water content of banana stems accelerates the decay process. Implementation of ensilage technology with the addition of inoculants and accelerators is intended to increase the nutritional value of the banana stem and its storability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro digestibility of banana stem silage inoculated with EM-4 and different accelerators addition as ruminant feed. This study was design as a completely randomized design consisted of 4 treatments, namely R0 (control without accelerator), addition of rice bran (R1), cassava (R2) and sago (R3) with 4 replications each. Parameters measured in this study were in vitro pH value, N-NH3 concentration, dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility. The result showed that cassava added silage produced the lowest (P<0.01) pH value compared to other treatments and increased (P<0.01) in vitro N-NH3 concentration, DM and OM digestibility compared to control. It was concluded that addition of cassava as accelerators improved the fermentation quality of banana stem, as shown by the lowest pH value and the highest in vitro N-NH3 concentration, DM and OM digestibility.
A typological characterization of dairy farming system towards economic sustainable farm in West Java (Indonesia)
Authors: Sembada P , Duteurtre G , Messad S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Small scale farms play an important role in Indonesia. However, shortage of capital become the main challenge for small farms. To foster the economically sustainable farms, the diversity and the characteristic of dairy farms should be understood. This study identified farmers’ types by using typology approach based on the capital as active variables. The data were obtained from interview with experts, direct observation, formal survey to 353 farmers, and recording from the public authorities and the milk cooperatives. We performed MFA, HCA, desciptive as well as comparative analysis. The indicator of economic sustainability was chosen through in-depth interview with experts and the scoring was created. Results showed that there were five farmers’ types and farmers type 5 was the most economically sustainable type. In other words, specialized farms with higher level of capital and more productive worker were able to generate more family income and might be more sustainable economically. The study underlined the importance of typology approach to understand the diversity and the characteristic of farming system. It was also useful to identify in what condition dairy farm is economically sustainable. To have more economically sustainable farm, strategy in increasing farm capital and productive worker should be done.
The correlation between blood metabolic and reproductive performance on the Holstein-Friesian crossbred dairy cows
Authors: Darmawan M A , Suranindyah Y Y , Widayati D T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the correlation between blood metabolic and reproductive performance on the Holstein-Friesian crossbred. Twenty cows on the second to the third lactation were used in this research. The blood was collected through a jugular vein, eight hours after feeding; it was used for investigating serum protein, glucose, and estradiol. The reproduction including service per conception (S/C), postpartum mating (PPM), and calving interval (CI). The data were analyzed using the Pearson Correlation Model. The average of serum protein, glucose, and estradiol concentration were 7.17±0.86 g/dl; 56.14±4.56 mg/dl; and 4.97±0.75 pg/mL respectively. The average of PPM, CI, and S/C were 150.40±69.85 d; 433.60±106.01 d; and 1.6±0.75 t respectively. The results showed that the correlation coefficient of the estradiol on serum protein and serum glucose were 0.309 and 0.329 respectively. The correlation coefficient of serum protein on PPM, S/C, and CI were -0.096; –0.333; -0.134 respectively. While that of serum glucose on PPM, S/C, and CI were -0.109; –0.327; and -0.309 respectively. Serum protein and glucose had a negative correlation on S/C, PPM and CI.
Effect of yeast supplementation in diets with early feed restriction on nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens
Authors: Malahubban M , Adek N A N , Sani N A , Rahimi N S A , Zakry F A A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Present study aimed to determine the influence of yeast supplementation in diets with or without early feed restriction on nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Three dietary treatments each consisting of three replicates namely 1) control (commercial diet); 2) 0.3% yeast supplement; and 3) 0.3% yeast and early feed restriction at 7 to 14 days of age. Faeces were collected from five days before the end of experiment and later analysed for crude protein, fibre, and fat. At the end of the experiment (day-42), two broilers from each replicate were slaughtered. The present study found that crude protein and crude fat increased at 92.00 ± 1.46% and 96.33 ± 0.42%, respectively (P<0.05), over broilers fed commercial pellet only at 84.50 ± 0.56% and 94.17 ± 0.48%, respectively. However, when employing feed restriction on broilers fed on diets with 0.3% yeast, no further improvement (P>0.05) on nutrients digestibility was observed after yeast supplementation in diets. Dressing and abdominal fat of broiler chickens fed a diet with yeast supplement were different (P<0.05) with control. This study concludes that yeast supplementation improved digestibility of crude protein, crude fat, and dressing and abdominal fat but no improvement when early feed restriction imposed.
Male calf proportion of artificial insemination results by using sexed sperm with double dose on Ongole crosbred cows
Authors: Yekti A P A , Bustari W O , Kuswati  , Huda A N , Satria A T , Susilawati T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The technology of artificial insemination is very popular to increase the population of cattle in Indonesia. This technology could be more valuable with sexing sperms in order to get the offspring with expected sex. The aim of the research is to know the proportion of male calves that was born from crossbred Ongolecows which were inseminated using double dosesemen sexed for Y sperm. The materials were 43 calves from Artificial Insemination Center Singosari. Twenty four calves was born from cows inseminated with non-sexed semen and nineteen calves with sexed semen. The percentage of sperm carrying X and Y chromosomes was performed by measuring the size of the sperm’s head by using a microscope. The result showed that the proportion of Y sperm in sexed semen was 80.79 %, while the X sperms was 19.21%. Furthermore, the percentages of the male calves that born from double dose sexed Y sperm was 78.95 %, while from the non sexing-semen was 21.05%. It can be conluded that the artificial insemination using double dose sexed semen can result the male calves proportionate with the Y sperm proportion in the sexed semen.
The utilization of Arachis pintoi and Gliricidia sepium as protein-sources substitute for dairy cattle
Authors: Widiawati Y , Purwantari N D , Sajimin  , Herliatika A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Dairy cattle need high nutrient contents in their ration, especially in the first lactation period. Farmer prefers to feed the cattle with cheap andlow quality concentrate to decrease the feed cost. This condition leads to low milk production. This research aimed to observe the effect of substitution of legume which contains high protein to improve the cheap low-quality concentrate. This research uses twenty-four dairy cattle (8.5 months-pregnancy; average body weight (BW) 359.29±35.63Kg), which were randomly divided into 3 groups of dietary treatments. The treatment were Concentrate I (100% concentrate); Concentrate II (85% Concentrate+15% Gliricidia sepium); Concentrate III (Concentrate 85% + 15% Arachis pintoi). The observation was done during 16 weeks of feeding trial. The parameters observed were feed intake and digestibility, milk production, and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Milk production measured during 3 months-lactation periods. The result shows that concentrate substitution by using 15% Gliricidia sepium or Arachis pintoi didn’t affect feed intake (11.017-11.388kg DM/head/day), digestibility (56.70-58.32%), FCR(1.138-1.214 kg DM/L), and total milk production in first 3 months-lactation period (859.07-887.59 L/head). This research concludes concentrate can be replaced up to 15% by Gliricidia sp or Arachis Pintoi to improve quality without affect livestock performs, but decrease feed cost.
Phenotypic characteristics of Belgian Blue x Brahman Cross and Wagyu x Brahman Cross crossbred population
Authors: Adi L L N , Agus A , Panjono  , Widyobroto B P , Budisatria I G S , Ismaya  , Bintara S , Hartatik T 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify the phenotypic characteristics of Belgian Blue x Brahman Cross and Wagyu x Brahman Cross at PT. WMP,Central Java. The materials used were 9 F1-B, 13 F1-W, 6 F2-B and 7 F2-W. The data collected include the colour, ADG, BW, BL, WH, and HG at 90-days old. The results showed dominant blackin F1-B, brown in male F2-B and dark brown at the female. The F1-W was black-brown, and F2-W colour was light brown, brown, and dark brown. The ADG F1-B was 0.70±0.15 kg, F2-W was 0.58± 0.06 kg, F2-B was 0.64 ± 0.17 kg, and F2-W was 0.60 ± 0.25 kg. The BW (kg), BL (cm), WH (cm) and HG (cm) at F1-B was 95.10±12.07; 77.98±3.80; 85.32±2.85; and 101.93±4.51, F1-W was 86.21±9.60;77.64±5.92; 88.25±2.43; and 101.97±3.09, F2-B was 88.22±4.50 kg, 87.29±13.45, 94.18±6.90, and 104.13±2.29, then F2-W was 90.91±27.70, 80.77±15.41, 86.36±7.80, and 99.92±11.88 cm, respectifly. There were significant effect of crossing on ADG, BL andHG at F1 and F2 (P>0.05). The conclusion BB Cross cattle have a dominant trait in body posture, especially in the first offspring, while Wagyu Cross cattle tend to be more assertive in the coat colour.
Comparative study of herbal and non-herbal egg protein profiles using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
Authors: Ardiarini N , Harimurti S , Wihandoyo  , Waluyo K 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Chicken egg yolk and albumen contain some bioactive proteins. The present study was conducted to compare the protein profile of yolk and albumen of herbal and non-herbal chicken egg. The herbals that supplemented into chicken feed consisted of turmeric, sambiloto leaves, soursop leaves, ginger and lemongrass. The protein profiles were measured in term of the numbers of bioactive peptide fraction and their molecular weight by SDS PAGE using descriptive qualitative analysis. The antioxidant binding protein were also evaluated. The result show that SDS-PAGE can separate the egg yolk protein fraction and albumen protein with molecular weight between 14-97 kDa. Egg yolk protein fraction of herbal eggs separated better than non-herbal eggs, whereas giving herbal to laying hens does not affect the number of fractions in albumen protein. Antioxidants from herbals were indicated binding the apoprotein and apolipoprotein of egg yolk, also avidin and ovalbumin of albumen. It can be concluded that herbals supplementation affects the bioactive protein fraction in chicken eggs.
Effect of tannin supplementation from Uncaria gambir extract on rumen fermentation, microbial protein and in vitro gas production
Authors: Alfaafa J , Suryahadi  , Sofyan A , Sukria H A , Istiqomah L 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Gambir (Uncaria gambir) is a tropical plant which contains tannin as a main phenolic compounds. This research was aimed to quantify the ability of tannin to bind protein and evaluate the addition of tannin from gambir extract on rumen fermentation, microbial protein and in vitro gas production. The treatments consisted of RC0 (0%), RC2 (2%), RC4 (4%) and RC6 (6%) of gambir extract level in mix rations with 70:30 ratio (concentrate:forage). Parameters measured were protein precipitation, VFA production, NH3 concentration, microbial protein and kinetics of gas production. The result showed that tannin from gambir extract had a significant ability (P<0.05) to precipitate protein Bovine Serum Albumin. Supplementation of tannin from gambir extract significantly increased (P<0.05) NH3 concentration and microbial protein. There was no significant effect on VFA total production (P>0.05). Gas production in RC0, RC2, RC4 and RC6 was decreased (P<0.05) after 48 hours incubation by 49.28 ml, 48.41 ml, 47.40 ml and 47.07 ml, respectively. It was concluded that the addition of tannin from gambir extract with level 6% in rations can be used to increased in vitro rumen fermentation.
Performance of Aceh cattle fed by concentrate with different levels
Authors: Budisatria I G S , Ibrahim A , Baliarti E , Widi T S M , Vierman  , Koesmara H , Atmoko B A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Aceh cattle are traditionally maintained in smallholder farmers that only rely on forage as a single feed. Concentrate supplementation is then needed to fulfill the nutrients requirement. This study was aimed to measure the performance of Aceh Cattle fed by forage and concentrate as supplementation in different levels. The study was conducted in Livestock Breeding Center for Excellent and Forage Animal Feed (BPTU-HPT) Indrapuri Aceh using 20 male Aceh Cattle aged 1.5-2.5 years. The cattle were intensively kept for 90 days and grouped based on feeding proportion of forage and concentrate with different levels, i.e., T1=100:0 as a control, T2=70:30, T3=50:50, and T4=30:70 on dry matter-based. The cattle were weighed every month and feed intake was measured. Data were analyzed by one way of ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. The results showed that feed intake, feed efficiency, body weight gain and average daily gain of T1 was the lowest (P <0.05). The average daily gain of T3 and T4 did not significantly differ. There was a significant difference between T1 and T2. Concentrate supplementation improved the feed intake and growth performances of Aceh Cattle. The best level of concentrate supplementation on forage feed was 50:50.
Characteristics of business and income in broiler partnership system in Yogyakarta Indonesia
Authors: Kusumastuti T A , Widiati R , Andarwati S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study aimed to identify the characteristics of the business, measure the income, and analyze the factors that influence the farmers’ income. The research was conducted in Sleman and Bantul Regencies, Special Region of Yogyakarta. Census sampling was performed with 150 farmers. The analysis was carried out in quantitative descriptive and continued with Multiple Regression Analysis. The results of business characteristic showed that the average scale of business ranged from 3604 to 6340 birds, 35 days maintenance time, business experience was 7-10 years, 97% of farmers used the open house system, livestock mortality rate was 4-7%, average selling weight 1.91-1.96 kg/bird, and feed converson 1.43-2.40. The farmer’s income in Sleman was greater than Bantul because the scale of business, selling weight was higher and the mortality rate was smaller than Bantul. Multiple regression analysis showed the determination coefficient (R2) of 44.55%. The scale of business as well as the capital and sanitation have a significant and negative effect on income (P <0.01). As a whole, to increase farmers’ income, there needs to be an effort to assist businesses from the core, agencies and educational institutions to improve livestock management.
Blood profiles of thin-tailed lambs fed different levels and sources of protein
Authors: Fathia C D , Arifin M , Mawati S , Restitrisnani V 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This study assessed protein utilization in Thin-Tailed lambs. A total of 20 lambs (13.03 ± 2.30 kg) were allotted using 2×2 factorial arrangement. The first factor was protein levels of the ration (13 and 15%); whereas second factor was source of the protein ration (fishmeal and soybean meal). All lambs were kept in individual compartments. Increasing blood glucose occurs up to 8 hours after feeding and the peak of urea nitrogen levels were found on 4 hours after feeding. An interaction occurred (P<0.05) between protein level and source on blood glucose levels at 6 hours and nitrogen urea at 2 hours after feeding. Protein levels affected (P<0.05) glucose blood at 4 hours and affected nitrogen level at 2 and 4 hours. Lambs fed 13% has lower blood glucose and urea nitrogen than 15%. Protein sources affected (P<0.05) blood glucose at 4 and 8 hours and nitrogen at 0, 2, 4 and 8 hours. Lambs fed soybean meal has lower blood glucose and higher urea nitrogen than fishmeal. It was concluded that 13% protein levels with fishmeal was more efficient in the digestive system as indicated by blood glucose and urea nirogen.
The quality of skim milk curd produced using biduri (Calotropis gigantea) latex as rennet replacement
Authors: Margoutomo T L , Hertanto B S , Swastike W , Cahyadi M , Kartikasari L R , Nuhriawangsa A M P 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Physical and chemical quality of milk curd produced using various biduri latex as rennet placement were investigated in skim milk-clotting. The materials used in this study were rennet, commercial skim milk and biduri latex powder. Four types of formula namely P0: rennet 0.02% + CaCO3 0.01%; P1: biduri latex powder 0.015% + CaCO3 0.01%, P2: biduri latex powder 0.020% + CaCO3 0.01% and P3: biduri latex powder 0.025% + CaCO3 0.01% were applied to produce milk curd. As quality parameter, weight and yield (based on dry matter content in %) curd, dry matter (DM), water, protein (Kjeldahl method), and fat content were evaluated. Result showed that fat content, weight and yield of curd were higher in milk curd produced with biduri latex compared to control, however protein content was lower. As the conclusion, the use of biduri latex up to 0.025% able to replace rennet for milk curd production which shows better in physical quality.
The effect of dietary protein and energy supplementation on in vitro - rumen characteristics and digestibility of Bali bulls
Authors: Tavares L , Noviandi C T , Baliarti E , Widi T S M 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to measure the effect of dietary protein and energy supplementation on rumen characteristics and digestibility of Bali bulls, by in vitro. Leucaena leucocephala (LL) and Corypha elata Robx (CeR) as protein and energy sources, respectively, and Native Grasses (NG) collected from Natural Pasture (NP) in Timor-Leste, were used as dietary treatments. A 3 x 3 factorial design was used in this study, namely, protein and energy sources (LL, CeR and LL-CeR) and 3 levels of supplementation (10, 15 and 20%). Rumen characteristics (pH, NH3, microbial protein (MP), and volatile fatty acids (VFA) production and composition) and dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility were measured. We found that dietary supplementation had a significant (P<0.05) effect on rumen characteristics in terms NH3 concentration, total VFA, acetic acid, propionic acid) but did not affect the pH, butyric acid and microbial protein (P>0.05). The digestibility of DM and OM were also significantly increased (P<0.05). It is concluded that dietary supplementation improves rumen characteristics and digestibility of Bali bulls. Leucaena Leococephala and CeR are recommended as protein and energy supplementation, respectively, on NG diet in NP in Timor-Leste to optimize productivity of Bali cattle.