bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of early enteral nutrition support for the management of acute severe pancreatitis
Authors: Guo Yong-bo , Liu Yan , Ma Jing , Cai Ying , Jiang Xiao-ming , Zhang Hong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
This study aims to assess the effect of early enteral nutrition support (EENS) for the management of acute severe pancreatitis (ASP).

Methods:
This study will search Cochrane Library, PUBMED, EMBASE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, CNKI, and WANGFANG from their inception to the present without language limitations. In addition, this study will also search clinical trial registry and reference lists of included trials. Eligible comparators will be standard care, medications, and any other interventions. Two authors will independently scan all citations, titles/abstracts, and full-text studies. The study methodological quality will be appraised using Cochrane risk of bias tool. If it is possible, we will pool out data and perform meta-analysis. Strength of evidence for each main outcome will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation.

Results:
This study will summarize the most recent evidence to assess the effect of EENS for the management of ASP.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study will help to determine whether EENS is effective for patients with ASP.

Study registration:
INPLASY202070009.
Guipi decoction for coronary heart disease
Authors: Gao Huanjia , Liu Shiyu , Cai Hairong , Chen Dongjie , Fu Xue , Zhao Shuai , Chen Bojun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Guipi Decoction (GPD) is a classical traditional Chinese medication used to treat CHD. However, systematic review and meta-analysis regarding its efficacy and safety has not been systematically evaluated. The objective of this protocol is to determine the efficacy and safety of GPD in the treatment of CHD.

Methods:
Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effectiveness and safety of GPD in the treatment of CHD will be retrieved from 8 electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, VIP Database, Wanfang Database and China Biology Medicine Database. Study selection, data collection, risk of bias assessment, and evaluation of the quality of evidence will be performed in order. Data will be analyzed by RevMan V.5.3.5 software.

Results:
This study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of GPD in the treatment of CHD.

Conclusion:
This systematic review will provide evidence for determining whether or not GPD is an effective and safe intervention for CHD.

PROSPERO registration number:
PROSPERO CRD 42020156420.
Effect of butylphthalide on new cerebral microbleeds in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Ding Yunlong , Gu Zhiqun , Zhai Tingting , Wang Wenjuan , Zhang Yanrong , Wei Can , Liu Yan , Niu Jiali 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
To evaluate the effect of dl-3-N-butylphthalide (NBP) on new cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods:
We will prospectively enroll patients with AIS admitted to the stroke center of Jingjiang People's Hospital. Qualified participants will be randomly assigned to either the NBP group (NBP injection) or the control group (NBP injection placebo) in a ratio of 1:1. Patients will complete the brain magnetic resonance imaging within 48 hours and 14 days after stroke onset to observe the CMBs through susceptibility weighted imaging, and evaluate whether the use of NBP will affect the new CMBs in AIS patients. SPSS 20.0 will be used for statistical analyses.

Result:
We will provide practical and targeted results assessing the safety of NBP for AIS patients, to provide reference for clinical use of NBP.

Conclusion:
The stronger evidence about the effect of NBP on new CMBs in AIS patients will be provided for clinicians.
Psychometric properties of the short-form Chinese Community Nurses Stress Scale
Authors: Zhu Wei , Guo Hongxia , Li Jiping 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Job-related stress had adverse effects on both patients and community nurses. To evaluate stress, an effective and reliable instrument was needed. The aim of this study was to develop a short-form Chinese Community Nurse Stress Scale and examine its psychometric properties.
A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 969 community nurses were selected from 56 community centers/stations in Sichuan Province. The socio-demographic data and job stress assessed by the Chinese Community Nurse Stress Scale (CNSS) were collected. After randomly splitting the sample into group 1 and group 2, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were carried out to shorten the scale and test its reliability and construct validity.
There were no significant differences in socio-demographic variables between group 1 (n = 488) and group 2 (n = 481). During exploratory factor analysis, 4 factors were selected, including management and interpersonal relationships (8 items), patient care (7 items), environment and resources of work (6 items), and career promotion (4 items), which explained 62.66% of all variance. Cronbachs α coefficient of the short-form CNSS was 0.94, and the cross-sample validity test supported the best fit model for this 25-item CNSS.
The results in this study supported that the 25-item CNSS had a good reliability and validity when it was administrated to Chinese community nurses.
A rare acantholytic variant of squamous cell carcinoma of the maxilla
Authors: Kim Jo-Eun , Lee Chena , Oh Kyu-Young , Huh Kyung-Hoe 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Acantholytic squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is an uncommon histopathologic variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which is the most common malignancy of the oral cavity. Though ASCC showed poor prognosis, the exact diagnosis is challenging.

Patients concerns:
A 59-year-old female patient with 1-month long symptoms of pain and burning sensation in the right maxilla.

Diagnoses:
Incisional biopsy in the maxilla established the pathologic diagnosis of SCC.

Intervention:
The patient underwent mass resection with near total maxillectomy.

Outcomes:
The final diagnosis through the microscopic examination was ASCC. Palliative chemotherapy was done to relive the symptoms after the recurrence, however, the patient died of the disease at 8 months after her initial presentation.

Lessons:
Special attention should be paid to this variant of SCC because most patients with ASCC have a very poor prognosis.
Shunting outcomes in post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus
Authors: Sun Tong , Guan Junwen , You Chao , Yang Jingguo , Li Xuepei , Yuan Yikai , Zhou Yicheng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
The best treatment option for patients with post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH) remains controversial. The objective of the current meta-analysis is to systematically evaluate the long-term outcomes of patients with PHH treated by ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) and lumboperitoneal shunt (LPS).

Methods:
We search literatures through PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP) and Wan fang databases, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) from its beginning to June 15, 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs in English or Chinese studies will be considered. The primary outcome is the rate of shunt failure after shunt implantation
The secondary outcome is the rate of complications that are associated with shunt surgery.

Results and conclusion:
The study will compare the 2 types of shunt surgery in the treatment of PHH, providing evidence for the treatment option for the patients with PHH.

Study registration number:
The study is priorly registered through International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols on June 17, 2020 (INPLASY202060063).
Diagnostic value of mean platelet volume for neonatal sepsis
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Wang Zhen , Zhang Min , Lou Zhenshuai , Deng Jiaxiang , Li Qian 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
An increasing number of studies in recent years have identified mean platelet volume (MPV) as a predictive marker for neonatal sepsis. However, most of these studies focused on single regions, and therefore, the findings remain inconclusive. We, in this study, aimed to evaluate the potential of MPV as a biological indicator of neonatal sepsis through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods:
We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and WanFang database for articles on MPV and neonatal sepsis, published from January 1, 1990 to December 31, 2018. We included 11 studies on 932 neonates with sepsis in this meta-analysis.

Results:
The overall meta-analysis showed that MPV was significantly higher in patients with neonatal sepsis compared with healthy controls. Subgroup analysis revealed that the type of diagnostic criteria, analyzer, analyte, and controls used in the studies affected the difference in MPV between patients and healthy controls.

Conclusion:
MPV was significantly higher in the neonatal sepsis group compared to the control group. Therefore, in clinical practice, MPV could be used as an indicator for the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.
Inter-diagnostician Agreement and Inter-subject Variability for Binary Diagnostic Decisions in Psychiatry
Authors: Aiken Richard Chalon 
Published: August 2020

SummaryAmong the many challenges in arriving at a valid psychiatric diagnosis are the variations in biologic, genetic/ epigenetic, psychological, cognitive, and behavioral attributes of the subject population: inter-subject variability. Study of nosologic classification in psychiatry has centered primarily on inter-diagnostician variability, reliability, while neglecting inter-subject variation. We present an analysis of the diagnostic process that considers variability not only in the diagnosticians but also the subjects. The conditions for which the percent agreement statistic is the preferred measure of agreement is detailed for both a general case as well as one for which the inter-subject variation is explicitly considered. Specifics are given as to the non-intuitive fact that the smaller the inter-subject variability, the poorer can be the agreement, suggesting that an agreement statistic alone may be misleading depending on the nature of the subject population. Existing agreement statistics do not measure inter-diagnostician reliability but the agreement between two diagnosticians influenced by the inter-subject variation.
Integrated tapered fibertrode for simultaneous control and readout of neural activity over small brain volumes with reduced light-induced artefacts
Authors: Spagnolo Barbara , Peixoto Rui T. , Sileo Leonardo , Pisanello Marco , Pisano Filippo , Assad John A. , Sabatini Bernardo L. , Vittorio Massimo De , Pisanello Ferruccio 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTRecognizing the neural patterns underlying different brain functions is essential to achieve a more comprehensive view on how small sets of neurons organize in complex 3D networks to determine different behaviours. In this framework, optogenetic techniques have been successfully proven as a powerful tool to control brain functions achieving millisecond temporal resolution and cell-type specificity, by combining the use of light-gated opsins andad-hoclight delivery optoelectronic devices. However, targeting small brain volumes with simultaneous electrical recording results in the introduction of photoelectric artefacts, in particular when light emission and recoding sites are very close one to each other. In this work we take advantage of the photonic properties of tapered fibers to present a fully integrated fibertrode to target small brain volumes with abated photoelectric noise. The device hosts a light emitting window just below a recording pad, and exploits the angled light emission from the window to achieve simultaneous activation and electrical readout of small groups of cells with no photoelectric artifactsin vivo. Despite the highly non-planar surface of the fiber taper, window’s size, shape and electrode’s impedance can be modulated by controlling the fabrication parameters during focused ion beam milling and deposition, thus resulting in a versatile, integrated and customizable optogenetic tool for neurobiology studies in closed-loop configuration over small brain volumes.
Broad kinase inhibition mitigates early neuronal dysfunction and cognitive deficits in tauopathy
Authors: Koren Shon A. , Hamm Matthew J. , Cloyd Ryan , Fontaine Sarah N. , Chishti Emad , Lanzillotta Chiara , Rodriguez-Rivera Jennifer , Ingram Alexandria , Bell Michelle , Galvis-Escobar Sara M. , Zulia Nicholas , Domenico Fabio Di , Duong Duc , Seyfried Nicholas T. , Powell David , Vandsburger Moriel , Frolinger Tal , Hartz Anika M.S. , Koren John , Axten Jeffrey M. , Laping Nicholas J. , Abisambra Jose F. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTauopathies are a group of more than twenty known disorders that involve progressive neurodegeneration, cognitive decline, and pathological tau accumulation. Current therapeutic strategies provide only limited, late-stage symptomatic treatment. This is partly due to lack of understanding of the molecular mechanisms linking tau and cellular dysfunction, especially during the early stages of disease progression. In this study, we treated early stage tau transgenic mice with a multi-target kinase inhibitor to identify novel substrates that contribute to cognitive impairment and exhibit therapeutic potential. Drug treatment significantly ameliorated brain atrophy and cognitive function as determined by behavioral testing and a sensitive imaging technique called manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) with quantitative R1 mapping. Surprisingly, these benefits occurred despite unchanged hyperphosphorylated tau levels. To elucidate the mechanism behind these improved cognitive outcomes, we performed quantitative proteomics to determine the altered protein network during this early stage in tauopathy and compare this model with the human AD proteome. We identified a cluster of preserved pathways shared with human tauopathy with striking potential for broad multi-target kinase intervention. We further report high confidence candidate proteins as novel therapeutically relevant targets for the treatment of tauopathy.One Sentence SummaryMulti-target kinase inhibition rescues cognitive function in early stage tauopathy mice and reverses proteomic shifts common to Alzheimer’s disease in humans.
Age and dose-dependent effects of alpha-lipoic acid on human microtubule-associated protein tau-induced endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response: implications for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Zarini-Gakiye Elahe , Sanadgol Nima , Parivar Kazem , Vaezi Gholamhassan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn human tauopathies, pathological aggregation of misfolded/unfolded proteins particularly microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT, tau) is considered to be essential mechanisms that trigger the induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Here we assessed the molecular effects of natural antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) in human tauR406W(htau)-induced ER unfolded protein response (ERUPR) in the young and older flies.MethodsIn order to reduce htau neurotoxicity during brain development, we used a transgenic model of tauopathy where the maximum toxicity was observed in adult flies. Then, the effects of ALA (0.001, 0.005, and 0.025% w/w of diet) in htau-induced ERUPR in the ages 20 and 30 days were evaluated.ResultsData from expression (mRNA and protein) patterns of htau, analysis of eyes external morphology as well as larvae olfactory memory were confirmed our tauopathy model. Moreover, expression of ERUPR-related proteins involving activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), inositol regulating enzyme 1 (IRE1), and protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK) were upregulated and locomotor function decreased in both ages of the model flies. Remarkably, the lower dose of ALA modified ERUPR and supported the reduction of behavioral deficits in youngest adults through enhancement of GRP87/Bip, reduction of ATF6, downregulation of PERK-ATF4 pathway, and activation of the IRE1-XBP1 pathway. On the other hand, only a higher dose of ALA was able to affect the ERUPR via moderation of PERK-ATF4 signaling in the oldest adults. As ALA exerts their higher protective effects on the locomotor function of younger adults when htauR406Wexpressed in all neurons (htau-elav) and mushroom body neurons (htau-ok), we proposed that ALA has age-dependent effects in this model.ConclusionTaken together, based on our results we conclude that aging potentially influences the ALA effective dose and mechanism of action on tau-induced ERUPR. Further molecular studies will warrant possible therapeutic applications of ALA in age-related tauopathies.
A genetic probe for visualizing glutamatergic synapses and vesicles by 3D electron microscopy
Authors: Steinkellner Thomas , Madany Matthew , Haberl Matthias G. , Zell Vivien , Li Carolina , Hu Junru , Mackey Mason , Ramachandra Ranjan , Adams Stephen , Ellisman Mark H. , Hnasko Thomas , Boassa Daniela 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCommunication between neurons relies on the release of diverse neurotransmitters, which represent a key-defining feature of a neuron’s chemical and functional identity. Neurotransmitters are packaged into vesicles by specific vesicular transporters. However, tools for labeling and imaging synapses and synaptic vesicles based on their neurochemical identity remain limited. We developed a genetically encoded probe to identify glutamatergic synaptic vesicles at the levels of both light and electron microscopy (EM) by fusing the mini singlet oxygen generator (miniSOG) probe to an intra-lumenal loop of the vesicular glutamate transporter-2. We then used a 3D imaging method, serial block face scanning EM, combined with a deep learning approach for automatic segmentation of labeled synaptic vesicles to assess the subcellular distribution of transporter-defined vesicles at nanometer scale. These tools represent a new resource for accessing the subcellular structure and molecular machinery of neurotransmission and for transmitter-defined tracing of neuronal connectivity.
Variation in VKORC1 is associated with vascular dementia
Authors: Mur Jure , McCartney Daniel L. , Chasman Daniel I. , Visscher Peter M. , Muniz-Terrera Graciela , Cox Simon R. , Russ Tom C. , Marioni Riccardo E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGenetic variation inVKORC1is associated with differences in the coagulation of blood and consequentially with sensitivity to the drug warfarin. Variation inVKORC1has also been linked to parental dementia. However, it is unclear whether the relationship persists for the diagnosis in patients themselves, whether the association holds only for certain forms of dementia, and if those taking warfarin are at greater risk. Here, we use data from 211,423 participants from UK Biobank to examine the relationship betweenVKORC1, risk of dementia, and the interplay with warfarin use. We find that the T-allele in rs9923231 confers a greater risk for vascular dementia (OR=1.28, p=0.0069), but not for general dementia (OR=1.04, p=0.21) or Alzheimer dementia (OR=1.05, p=0.35), and that the risk of vascular dementia is not affected by warfarin use in carriers of the T-allele. Our study reports for the first time an association between rs9923231 and vascular dementia, but further research is warranted to explore potential mechanisms and specify the relationship between rs9923231 and features of vascular dementia.
Model-based genotype and ancestry estimation for potential hybrids with mixed-ploidy
Authors: Shastry Vivaswat , Adams Paula E. , Lindtke Dorothea , Mandeville Elizabeth G. , Parchman Thomas L. , Gompert Zachariah , Buerkle C. Alex 
Published: August 2020

AbstractNon-random mating among individuals can lead to spatial clustering of genetically similar individuals and population stratification. This deviation from panmixia is commonly observed in natural populations. Consequently, individuals can have parentage in single populations or involving hybridization between differentiated populations. Accounting for this mixture and structure is important when mapping the genetics of traits and learning about the formative evolutionary processes that shape genetic variation among individuals and populations. Stratified genetic relatedness among individuals is commonly quantified using estimates of ancestry that are derived from a statistical model. Development of these models for polyploid and mixed-ploidy individuals and populations has lagged behind those for diploids. Here, we extend and test a hierarchical Bayesian model, called entropy, which can use low-depth sequence data to estimate genotype and ancestry parameters in autopolyploid and mixed-ploidy individuals (including sex chromosomes and autosomes within individuals). Our analysis of simulated data illustrated the trade-off between sequencing depth and genome coverage and found lower error associated with low depth sequencing across a larger fraction of the genome than with high depth sequencing across a smaller fraction of the genome. The model has high accuracy and sensitivity as verified with simulated data and through analysis of admixture among populations of diploid and tetraploidArabidopsis arenosa.
Sex differences in nociceptor translatomes contribute to divergent prostaglandin signaling in male and female mice
Authors: Tavares-Ferreira Diana , Ray Pradipta R. , Sankaranarayanan Ishwarya , Mejia Galo L. , Wangzhou Andi , Shiers Stephanie , Uttarkar Ruta , Megat Salim , Barragan-Iglesias Paulino , Dussor Gregory , Akopian Armen N. , Price Theodore J. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere are clinically relevant sex differences in acute and chronic pain mechanisms, but we are only beginning to understand their mechanistic basis. Transcriptome analyses of rodent whole dorsal root ganglion (DRG) have revealed sex differences, mostly in immune cells. We examined the transcriptome and translatome of the mouse DRG with the goal of identifying sex differences.MethodsWe used Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification (TRAP) sequencing and behavioral pharmacology to test the hypothesis that nociceptor (Nav1.8 expressing neurons) translatomes would differ by sex.ResultsWe found 66 genes whose mRNA were sex-differentially bound to nociceptor ribosomes. Many of these genes have known neuronal functions but have not been explored in sex differences in pain. We focused onPtgds, which was increased in female mice. The mRNA encodes the prostaglandin D2(PGD2) synthesizing enzyme. We observed increased Ptgds protein and PGD2in female mouse DRG. The Ptgds inhibitor AT-56 caused intense pain behaviors in male mice but was only effective at high doses in females. Conversely, female mice responded more robustly to another major prostaglandin, PGE2, than did male mice. Ptgds protein expression was also higher in female cortical neurons, suggesting DRG findings may be generalizable to other nervous system structures.ConclusionsNociceptor TRAP sequencing (TRAP-seq) reveals unexpected sex differences in one of the oldest known nociceptive signaling molecule families, the prostaglandins. Our results demonstrate that translatome analysis reveals physiologically relevant sex differences important for fundamental protective behaviors driven by nociceptors.