bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tratamento cirúrgico da fratura multifragmentada da diáfise da clavícula pela técnica minimamente invasiva: Descrição e resultados preliminares
Authors: Mendes Junior Adriano Fernando , Mota Neto Jose da , Oppe Igor Gerdi , de Simoni Leandro Furtado , Giordano Vincenzo , Labronici Pedro José 
Published: September 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar os resultados funcionais e radiográficos do tratamento cirúrgico realizado em um grupo de pacientes com fratura multifragmentada da diáfise de clavícula, pela técnica minimamente invasiva, em seguimento mínimo de 12 meses.
Métodos Estudo observacional longitudinal de 32 pacientes consecutivos (31 do sexo masculino, idade média 41 anos) com fratura multifragmentada da diáfise da clavícula tratados cirurgicamente pela técnica minimamente invasiva de osteossíntese com placa de reconstrução de 3,5 mm na posição superior, avaliados clínica e radiologicamente, com seguimento mínimo de 1 ano
Resultados Trinta pacientes (93,72%) evoluíram com consolidação da fratura em tempo médio de 17 semanas (entre 12 e 24 semanas). O tempo de seguimento médio foi de 21 meses (variando de 12 a 45 meses). Não houve quebra de implantes ou pseudoartroses. Não houve queixa de parestesia na região das incisões cirúrgicas. O ombro tratado cirurgicamente apresentou menor elevação passiva e maior comprimento da clavícula (p < 0,05) em relação ao contralateral. Na avaliação funcional, encontramos um valor médio de Disfunções do Braço, Ombro e Mão (DASH, na sigla em inglês) = 1,75, sendo o mesmo considerado satisfatório. Idade > 60 anos apresentou correlação negativa com escore DASH (p < 0,05).
Conclusão A técnica minimamente invasiva de osteossíntese mostrou-se satisfatória para o tratamento da fratura multifragmentada da diáfise da clavícula, com elevada taxa de consolidação e baixo índice de complicações.
Curcumin Promotes Collagen Type I, Keratinocyte Growth Factor-1, and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expressions in the In Vitro Wound Healing Model of Human Gingival Fibroblasts
Authors: Rujirachotiwat Auspreeya , Suttamanatwong Supaporn 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective Curcumin promotes oral wound healing; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. We hypothesized that curcumin may regulate gene expression in human gingival fibroblasts (hGFs). This study investigated the effect of curcumin on the expression of wound healing–related genes, collagen type I (COL1), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF)-1, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), in the in vitro wound healing model of hGFs, as well as the signaling pathway involved in the regulation of these genes by curcumin.Materials and Methods The hGFs were treated with curcumin in the unwounded condition and in the in vitro wound healing model (scratch assay). Gene expression was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. PD98059 was used to elucidate whether extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) signaling is involved in the curcumin-regulated gene expression in hGFs. Cell migration was also analyzed by the scratch assay.Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed by independent t-test or one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference ( HSD) test.Results In unwounded hGFs, curcumin significantly increased KGF-1 and EGFR expressions but not COL1 mRNA expression. Interestingly, curcumin significantly upregulated COL1, KGF-1, and EGFR expressions in the in vitro wound healing model. Furthermore, PD98059 significantly decreased the curcumin-induced COL1 and EGFR expressions, but did not significantly affect KGF-1 upregulation by curcumin. However, hGF migration was not affected by curcumin treatment.Conclusion Curcumin induced KGF-1 and EGFR expressions in unwounded hGFs. In the in vitro wound healing model, curcumin upregulated COL1 and EGFR expression via the ERK pathway and increased KGF-1 expression, possibly by an ERK-independent mechanism.
Pediatric Stainless-Steel Crown Cementation Finite Element Study
Authors: Waly Ahmed S. , Souror Yasser R. , Yousief Salah A. , Alqahtani Waleed M.S. , El-Anwar Mohamed I. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective To study the effect of using different cement types under pediatric stainless-steel crown (SSC) around mandibular second primary molar using three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis.
Materials and Methods A 3D finite element model was built for pediatric mandibular molar by laser scanning of natural extracted tooth. Four types of cement (zinc phosphate, glass ionomer, resin-modified glass ionomer, and resin) of 200 μm layers thickness were tested under a stainless-steel crown of 130-μm thickness. Twelve case studies were reported within this research, as the applied load of 330 N was tested with three angulations: vertical, oblique at 45°, and laterally.
Results Linear static stress analysis was performed. The resultant stresses and deformations' distribution patterns did not change with cement type, while the values were altered. All deformations and stresses were found within the normal range.
Conclusions Analysis results indicated that using stiffer cement material increases tooth structure stresses and reduces crown body stresses and deformations, while bone was nearly insensitive to cement type.
Atypical Virchow-Robin Spaces Mimicking Cystic Primary Brain Tumor – Clinical Report and Literature Review
Authors: Picarelli Helder , Nepomuceno Thales Bhering , Casal Yuri , Yamaki Vitor Nagai , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe Virchow-Robin spaces (VRSs), which are often incidentally observed in modern structural neuroimaging examinations, are small cystic cavities that usually surround the small arteries and arterioles at the level of basal ganglia, the anterior perforated substance and the thalamic-mesencephalic junction. Typically, they have similar physicochemical characteristics to cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and there is no contrast enhancement on brain CT and MRI images. Its real meaning is unknown, although some contemporary studies have suggested that it might be related to certain traumatic brain injury or several other central nervous system (CNS) disorders, as degenerative diseases. Occasionally, some wide and atypical VRS may be mistaken for primary cystic brain tumors, especially in the context of large and symptomatic lesions, multiple clustered cysts, cortical lesions and if there is adjacent reactive gliosis. The present paper reports four patients who were affected by atypical VRS mimicking brain tumors that required imaging follow-up or even a biopsy to confirm the diagnosis or to indicate the correct approach. Although it is not so unusual, one of them occurred concomitantly and adjacent to a diffuse glioma (co-deleted 1p19q, WHO-GII).
Receptive and Expressive Language in Hindi Speaking Children with Postcochlear Implantation at 6-Month Intervals
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Mehta Rachna 
Published: September 2020

AbstractIntroduction Individual variability in the language outcomes of children with cochlear implantation (CI) is a major concern. In CI rehabilitation, there is lack of a protocol regarding uniform post-CI language assessment interval duration, which can ensure better understanding of the trajectory of language growth as well as optimize language outcomes by providing feedback in fine tuning the language intervention program.Objective To evaluate the receptive and expressive language in Hindi speaking children with up to 2 years of CI experience using revised receptive-expressive emergent language test-3ed. (REELT-3) at 6 months intervals and to compare it with that of children with normal hearing (NH).Methods The present study included 192 children divided in 2 groups, 96 children with CI (15.8 ± 6.7 months), and 96 age-matched children with NH (22.3 ± 7.9 months). A cross-sectional, prospective study design was used to measure the language ability score (LAS) at an interval of 6 months from the time of implantation (TIA), which is 0 to 6 months, 7 to 12 months, 13 to 18 months, and 19 to 24 months of CI usage.Results The two-way analysis of variance revealed that the LAS after 18 months of CI usage was similar to (F (3, 92) = 8.63, p = 0.19, ηp2 = 0.028) that of the children with NH. However, other demographic factors, for instance, gender (F (3, 92) = 1.73, p = 0.505, ηp2 = 0.002), parent's education, (F (3, 92) = 2.05, p = 0.937, ηp2 = 0.031), and financial background (F (3, 92) = 2.49, p = 0.351, ηp2 = 0.076) had no major impact on language.Conclusion Eighteen months of CI usage duration can potentially stimulate receptive and expressive language up to age-matched children with NH. A protocol of periodic assessment of language, at least of 6 months, may be developed to optimize language outcomes.
Effect of Galla Chinensis on Remineralization of Early Dentin Lesion
Authors: Abdel-Azem Hend Mahmoud , Elezz Ahmed Fawzy Abo , Safy Rehab Khalil 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of the Galla chinensis extract (GCE) on early dentin lesion remineralization.
Materials and Methods Seventy-two dentin specimens were divided into three groups according to the treatment solution. In group S1, specimens were treated with GCE; in group S2, the specimens were treated with sodium fluoride (NaF); meanwhile, specimens of group S3 were treated with distilled water (DW). Each group was further subdivided into two subgroups according to the treatment time (1 minute and 5 minutes). An in vitro pH-cycling model for 12 days was done. Subsequently, surface microhardness (SMH) of the specimens, elemental analysis, and their micromorphological appearance were evaluated.
Statistical Analysis Data were statistically analyzed. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare numerical (parametric) data between more than two separate groups followed by post hoc Tukey.
Results There was no significant difference between the mean SMH of dentin between NaF and GCE groups. Regarding the time, the 5-minute treatment with NaF and DW groups recorded higher mean SMH value of dentin than the 1-minute treatment group. Meanwhile, for GCE groups, the 1-minute immersion recorded higher mean SMH value than the 5-minute immersion without any significant difference between them. The microhardness results were confirmed by environmental scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray analysis results.
Conclusion GCE could be used as an effective alternative for dentin remineralization.
Mid- to Long-Term Outcome after Arthroscopy and Proximal Abducting Ulnar Osteotomy Versus Arthroscopy Alone in Dogs with Medial Compartment Disease: Thirty Cases
Authors: Coghill Fiona J. , Ho-Eckart Louisa K. , Baltzer Wendy I. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractObjective The aim of this study was to determine owner-assessed mid- to long-term outcome for dogs with medial compartment disease treated arthroscopically with fragment removal with or without proximal abducting ulnar osteotomy (PAUL).Study Design This was a retrospective clinical study.Materials and Methods Records from 30 dogs with medial compartment disease treated with arthroscopy with or without PAUL were retrospectively reviewed over a 5-year period. Proximal abducting ulnar osteotomy cases were matched to arthroscopy-alone controls based on bodyweight and modified Outerbridge score. Outcome was assessed via owner questionnaire using the Canine Brief Pain Inventory (CBPI), frequency of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) administration and owner-assessed overall improvement.Results Canine Brief Pain Inventory score for dogs in the PAUL group was not significantly different from the control group (p = 0.54). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug administration was similar between groups (p = 0.61) and there was no significant difference between modified Outerbridge score and outcome (p = 0.57) over a median of 43 months post-surgically (range: 7–66 months). Canine Brief Pain Inventory and NSAID use were affected by the age of the dog with dogs greater than 3 years of age at the time of surgery having a higher CBPI score and increased NSAID use regardless of the surgery that was performed. Overall, owner-assessed improvement was not different between groups (p = 0.72).Clinical Significance Proximal abducting ulnar osteotomy showed no owner-assessed benefit over arthroscopic medial coronoid fragment removal for dogs with medial compartment disease and modified Outerbridge score of 3 or greater. A prospective, blinded, controlled clinical trial is warranted to determine the appropriate clinical application of the PAUL procedure.
Clinical Features to Predict 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome Proven by Molecular Genetic Testing
Authors: Rojnueangit Kitiwan , Khetkham Thanitchet , Onsod Preyaporn , Chareonsirisuthigul Takol 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2 DS) is the most common microdeletion syndrome with a wide variety of clinical features. However, as there are no clinical criteria for diagnosis, confirmation is solely done by genetic tests if clinicians recognize the syndrome. Therefore, we aimed to identify clinical features that may help clinicians recognize 22q11.2 DS. Participants with at least two anomalies were enrolled, complete patient history and physical examinations were performed, then multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) analysis for 22q11.2 DS was utilized. We identified 11/48 (23%) cases with 22q11.2 DS. Palatal anomalies, hypocalcemia, and ≥3 affected body systems were highly significant presentations in the 22q11.2 DS group versus the group without deletion (p < 0.05). Therefore, a comprehensive physical examination is crucial at identifying any subtle features which may lead to testing and a definite diagnosis.
Author and register as sources of variation
Authors: Cvrček Václav , Laubeová Zuzana , Lukeš David , Poukarová Petra , Řehořková Anna , Zasina Adrian Jan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the contribution of author/idiolect vs. register/type-of-text – as the most salient factors influencing the final shape of a text – towards explaining the variation observed in Czech texts. Since it is almost impossible to explore the effect of these factors on authentic data, we used elicited letters collected in a fully crossed experimental design (representative sample of 200 authors × four elicitation scenarios serving as a proxy to register variation). The variation encompassed by the elicited texts is analyzed through the lens of a general-purpose multi-dimensional model of Czech. Using triangulation via three established statistical methods and one devised for the purpose of this study, we find that register matters a great deal, explaining 1.5 times as much variation overall as idiolect. This should be taken into account when designing research in sociolinguistics or variation studies in general.
Lima or cima?
Authors: Posch Claudia , Rampl Gerhard 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This paper outlines the construction of the corpus Alpenwort, a large, genre-based corpus of German texts on alpinism. We
report on issues related to building the corpus from the Austrian Alpine Club Journal (1869–2010). First, a general
description of our data and the project phases from digitization and annotation to publication is given. We focus on the most interesting
challenges that the diverse layouts and the extensive use of Fraktur typefacing posed for optical layout recognition and optical character
recognition (OCR) as well as post correction. The corrected data was lemmatized and annotated with part-of-speech information including
named entities as well as TEI-conformant metadata. The resulting 19.9-million-word corpus is designed to be queried using
CQPweb and Hyperbase and can be accessed freely online. Lastly, we give a short roadmap of current and
future expansions and improvements as corpus data has been and is being enhanced in follow-up projects.
Bilingual newspapers as sites of multilingual practice
Authors: Sebba Mark 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper discusses multilingualism in three publications aimed at bilingual communities in Britain: speakers of Russian, Greek and Tagalog. Despite the fact that the editorial content in such publications is almost completely monolingual, they are sites rich in multilingual written practices. The focus here is on display advertisements, which make up a large part of these publications. The paper looks at what language mixing practices are present, and what insights they may give into the nature of bilingualism in the community of intended readers. I identify two types of language alternation:in-line alternationinvolves integrating words from two different languages within one textual unit.Compositional alternationinvolves juxtaposing units in two (or more) different languages within a more complex visually delimited text, such as a display advertisement. While the advertisements themselves are good examples of multilingual writing, the mixing of languages itself is unremarkable and unremarked. Content in one language is rarely translated into another, while at the same time ‘seamless’ switches from one language to another are common. The advertisements in these publications seem to reflect the language competences and literacies of their intended readerships, where the ability to read more than one language (though to different extents) is taken as given.
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Na-22 of activity measurements of the radionuclide 22Na to include the 2014 result of the LNE-LNHB (France)
Authors: Michotte C , Ratel G , Courte S , Coulon R , Judge S , Fréchou C , Bobin C , Cassette P , Tartés I , Thiam C 
Published: October 2020

Since 1976, 13 laboratories have submitted 29 samples of 22Na to the International Reference System (SIR) for activity comparison at the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), with comparison identifier BIPM.RI(II)- K1.Na-22. Recently, the LNE-LNHB (France) participated in the comparison and the key comparison reference value (KCRV) has been updated. The degrees of equivalence between each equivalent activity measured in the SIR and the updated KCRV have been calculated and the results are given in the form of a table. A graphical presentation is also given.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Photoemission resulting from collisions of I2 with 5–100 eV electrons
Authors: Prince Benjamin D , Levandier Dale J , Bemish Raymond J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We have determined absolute apparent excitation cross sections for photoemission in the 300–1050 nm spectral region resulting from collisions of I2 with electrons of 4.8–100 eV translational energy. Experiments were done in single collision conditions and emission is observed from I2, I2
+, I and I+. All the emission features appear to turn on at the energy thresholds for formation of the respective excited state species. At higher electron beam energy the spectra are dominated by emissions from the strong I2
+ A–X band, as well as the intense emission from several I 5s
25p
46s states. An attempt to determine the initial I2
+ A populations generated from electron impact is discussed. These populations are determined from simulations of the I2
+ A–X emission band using both experimentally and theoretically determined potential energy surfaces available in the literature. Direct, vertical formation of I2
+ A from I2 X is only supported in the case of the ab initio potential energy surface.
Electrical properties of inhomogeneous tungsten carbide Schottky barrier on 4H-SiC
Authors: Vivona M , Greco G , Bellocchi G , Zumbo L , Di Franco S , Saggio M , Rascunà S , Roccaforte F 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the electrical behavior of tungsten carbide (WC) Schottky barrier on 4H-SiC was investigated. First, a statistical current-voltage (I–V) analysis in forward bias, performed on a set of equivalent diodes, showed a symmetric Gaussian-like distribution of the barrier heights after annealing at 700 °C, where a low Schottky barrier height (ΦB = 1.05 eV) and an ideality factor n = 1.06 were measured. The low value of the barrier height makes such a WC contact an interesting candidate to reduce the conduction losses in 4H-SiC Schottky diodes. A deeper characterization has been carried out, by monitoring the temperature dependence of the I–V characteristics and the behavior of the relevant parameters ΦB and n. The increase of the barrier height and decrease of the ideality factor with increasing temperature indicated a lateral inhomogeneity of the WC/4H-SiC Schottky contact, which was described by invoking Tung’s model. Interestingly, the temperature dependence of the leakage current under reverse bias could be described by considering in the thermionic field emission model the temperature dependent barrier height related to the inhomogeneity. These results can be useful to predict the behavior of WC/4H-SiC Schottky diodes under operative conditions.
Effect of the Weakened Heliosphere in Solar Cycle 24 on the Properties of Coronal Mass Ejections
Authors: Gopalswamy N. , Akiyama S. , Yashiro S. , Michalek G. , Xie H. , Mäkelä P. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Solar cycle (SC) 24 has come to an end by the end of 2019, providing the opportunity to compare two full cycles to understand the manifestations of SC 24 - the smallest cycle in the Space Age that has resulted in a weak heliospheric state indicated by the reduced pressure. The backreaction of the heliospheric state is to make the coronal mass ejections (CMEs) appear physically bigger than in SC 23, but their magnetic content has been diluted resulting in a lower geoeffectiveness. The heliospheric magnetic field is also lower in SC 24, leading to the dearth of high-energy solar energetic particle (SEP) events. These space-weather events closely follow fast and wide (FW) CMEs. All but FW CMEs are higher in number in SC 24. The active region potential energy is lower in SC 24, consistent with the reduced rate of FW CMEs. The CME rate - sunspot number (SSN) correlation is high in both cycles but the rate increases faster in SC 24. We find that limb CMEs are slower in SC 24 as in the general population but wider. Limb halo CMEs also follow the same trend of slower SC-24 CMEs. However, the SC-24 CMEs become halos at a shorter distance from the Sun. Thus, slower CMEs becoming halos sooner is a clear indication of the backreaction of the weaker heliospheric state on CMEs. We can further pin down the heliospheric state as the reason for the altered CME properties because the associated flares have similar distributions in the two cycles – unaffected by the heliospheric state.