bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Considerations Regarding High Oil Density Bioreactor‐Scale Fermentations of Yarrowia lipolytica Using CFD Modeling and Experimental Validation
Authors: Coleman Sarah M. , Marx Richard J. , Martinez Morgan K. , Silvera Ashli J. , Park Junwon , Ramanan Esha , Kaown Geena , Yoon Seongkyu , Xie Dongming , Alper Hal S. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTHydrophobic feedstocks such as waste cooking oil have recently been considered for microbial biotransformation due to their abundance, low cost, and unique advantage for lipid‐derived fermentation products. Most fermentations with hydrophobic substrates are conducted at the tube or flask scale (less than 1 L total volume) or with the hydrophobic substrate comprising a small fraction of the media. Low substrate concentrations require additional feeding. Alternatively, high concentrations do not require significant dilution of the oil feedstock, which reduce volumetric requirements for larger scale fermentations. However, high‐oil‐density fermentations complicate efficient mixing and mass transfer challenges which are exacerbated at larger scales. To address this, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models were explored to simulate three‐phase (hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and gaseous) bench (3 L) and pilot scale (4000 L) bioreactors, highlighting challenges and potential considerations. Bioreactor fermentations of Yarrowia lipolytica strain L36DGA1 with substrate loadings of 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% (v/v) waste cooking oil were also conducted, representing one of the highest concentrations in the reported literature. This work supports future research into and implementation of high‐oil‐density fermentations at the bench and pilot bioreactor scale.
Interplay Between Financial Markets, Environmental Stewardship, Gender Diversity, and Firm Size in Emission‐Intensive Sectors of Emerging Asian Economies: A Board‐Level Perspective
Authors: Wasan Pratibha , Luthra Sunil , Mulchandani Kalyani , Vishnani Sushma 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTExisting research on board gender diversity often overlooks the role of firm size. It lacks a comprehensive evaluation of financial market and environmental performance, particularly in emerging markets with high gender bias. Addressing these gaps, we investigate the moderated mediation between board gender diversity, environmental stewardship, firm size, and market performance in emission‐intensive sectors of emerging Asian economies with significant gender disparity. We perform FE 2‐SLS regressions on a panel of 1012 firm‐year observations from 96 firms (2013–2023) and test Hayes Process Macro‐Model 7 on cross‐sectional data from 929 firms in 2023. Results robust to alternative measures and endogeneity concerns suggest that women board directorships enhance financial market performance directly and via improved environmental stewardship. The environmental benefits, however, diminish in larger firms. Notably, gender diversity in executive roles does not affect environmental stewardship but increases financial market performance. The study introduces a novel measure of environmental stewardship and offers new insights into corporate governance, environment management, and financial markets literature, with significant implications for regulators, investors, and managers.
Firms' Preferences for Environmental, Social, and Governance Policies: Evidence From Small and Medium Enterprises in Hong Kong
Authors: Lam Wai‐Fung , Nie Lin , Chan Edward KF 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThough large corporations have made significant strides in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) integration, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) face challenges due to limited resources and incentives. This study explores the preferences and priorities of SMEs in Hong Kong—a major financial hub with over 340,000 SMEs—regarding ESG policy instruments, addressing a critical gap in current scholarship that often overlooks the perspectives of regulatees. Utilizing a conjoint experiment, this research assesses SMEs' preferences for ESG policies with varying levels of specificity in ESG aspects. We find that SMEs generally favor some form of ESG regulation over none; preferences vary across policy fields and subsectors. The findings indicate that understanding SMEs' preferences is necessary to design effective policy tools that encourage ESG adoption. By focusing on regulatees' perceptions, this research contributes to a more nuanced understanding of ESG policy design, offering valuable insights for policymakers aiming to enhance corporate sustainability across diverse business sectors.
Statistical Fragility of Findings From Randomized Phase 3 Trials in Pediatric Oncology
Authors: Olsen Hannah E. , Kao Pei‐Chi , Richmond Caleb , Shulman David S. , London Wendy B. , DuBois Steven G. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeThe fragility index (FI) is an adjunctive metric to facilitate the interpretation of p‐values in clinical trials. The FI has not been studied in phase 3 trials in pediatric oncology.MethodsPubMed was used to identify phase 3 pediatric oncology trials published between 1980 and 2020. We report trial characteristics and calculate the FI for trials with a binary outcome and survival‐inferred fragility index (SIFI) for trials with a time‐to‐event outcome. FI/SIFI is the number of patients from one arm of a trial who would need to change groups for the statistical conclusion to change. We also report fragility quotients (FQ and SFQ) to normalize FI and SIFI relative to trial size.ResultsOne hundred and thirteen trials included sufficient data for analysis. The median FI for trials with a binary outcome (n = 40) was 4.5 (range: 1–33). The median SIFI for trials with a time‐to‐event outcome (n = 73) was 13 (range: 0–61). The FI or SIFI was less than the number of patients lost to follow‐up in 25% of 36 trials. Median FQ and SFQ were 0.026 and 0.03, respectively, and did not significantly vary according to trial characteristics. While sample sizes increased over time, the FQ and SFQ remained stable.ConclusionsThe statistical conclusions of pediatric oncology phase 3 trials hinge on a relatively small number and proportion of patients. Despite the sample size limitations of low prevalence diseases, pediatric cancer trials are similarly or less fragile than adult oncology trials. Smaller trials do not appear more statistically fragile than larger trials. Statistical fragility appears to have remained constant over the four decades evaluated. We recommend reporting FI or SIFI, in conjunction with p‐values, for all phase 3 pediatric oncology trials.
Mobile Applications in Breast Cancer Postoperative Care: A Scoping Review
Authors: Alidadi Maryam , Rabiei Reza , Akbari Atieh , Emami Hassan , Laal Mousavi Seyed Mohsen 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe utilization of mobile application in postoperative care for breast cancer patients has seen a significant rise in recent years. This study aimed to synthesize the literature to identify the features of breast cancer postoperative care mobile applications.MethodsThis scoping review was conducted using the framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley. All articles published from inception until July 25, 2024, were searched in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE, and Cochrane databases. The quality of publications was evaluated using the mixed‐methods appraisal tool (MMAT).ResultsA total of 999 publications were found, of which 28 studies were considered in this review. Out of these studies, 14 used native apps, 14 used hybrid apps. Nine features were used in applications, and Tracker, Tailored Education, and Community Forum were the most repetitive features. In five studies, various devices and sensors, like Bluetooth and GPS, were utilized in mobile applications to monitor physical activity, stress levels, heart rate, sleep patterns, and calorie intake.ConclusionsMobile applications for postoperative breast cancer care encompass a range of features. In a co‐design approach, understanding patients' required features could help to develop usable applications to improve the postoperative care for breast cancer patients.
Balancing CIK Cell Cancer Immunotherapy and PPAR Ligands: One Potential Therapeutic Application for CNS Malignancies
Authors: Vordermark Kira , Pu JingJing , Sharma Amit , Maciacyzk Jarek , Schmidt‐Wolf Ingo G. H. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCytokine‐induced killer (CIK) cell therapy has proven successful in clinical trials regarding glioblastoma. Equally important are the hints suggesting peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPARs) ligands being co‐expressed in the central nervous system (CNS). This provides a rationale about investigating the possible synergistic effect of CIK cells and PPARs.MethodologyWe investigated neuroblastoma and glioblastoma cell lines with mature CIK cells and the PPARγ antagonist GW‐9662 to assess the effects on cell viability, candidate gene expression (Wnt/β‐catenin signalling, DNMT1) and global methylation levels (5‐methylcytosine, LINE‐1).ResultsUsing a clinical applicable PPAR‐γ inhibitor, we showed that (1) PPARγ‐antagonist GW‐9662 suppressed tumor cell growth in both neuroblastoma and glioblastoma cells, (2) PPARγ inhibition had restricted effect on the expression of Wnt/β‐catenin associated genes, (3) inhibition of PPARγ led to downregulation of DNMT1 expression, supporting their hypothesized interaction in cancer, (4) a partial modulation of global LINE‐1 methylation levels was observed, indicating their role in epigenetic processes, and (5) Combining PPARγ inhibition with CIK cell immunotherapy enhanced cell lysis significantly.ConclusionWe provide evidence that PPAR ligands in combination with CIK cell immunotherapy could be a valuable option for malignant CNS tumors.
New Arylalkenyl α‐Pyrones from Cryptocarya densiflora
Authors: Meng Jie , Xue Jun‐Juan , Miao Lei , Zhang Yu , Rao Li , Zhang Chuan‐Rui 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTFour previously undescribed arylalkenyl α‐pyrones, designated as crydensiones A‒D (1‒4), were isolated from the twigs and leaves of Cryptocarya densiflora. Their structures were determined through comprehensive spectroscopic analyses together with quantum chemical calculations of electronic circular dichroism and nuclear magnetic resonance data. All isolates were assessed for cytotoxicity against HCT‐116 (colon), A549 (lung), and MDA‐MB‐231 (breast) cancer cell lines; however, none demonstrated significant activity.
A Rare Case of Pigmented Eccrine Poroma on the Trunk Mimicking Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Al‐Zahawi Saman , Ghanadan Alireza , Mahmoudi HamidReza , Razavi Zahra 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRepresentative clinical images in this study can increase awareness regarding the clinical similarity between this benign adnexal tumor and malignant melanoma and highlight the importance of pathological examination.
Congenital Insensitivity to Pain and Anhidrosis With Orthopedic and Self‐Injury Complications in a 5‐Year‐Old Boy: A Case Report
Authors: Amin Zubair , Saeed Humza , Naufil Syed Imam , Saba Sadaf , Imtiaz Abdullah , Akhlaq Syed Hassan , Ahmad Muhammad Husnain , Ali Masab 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCongenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder because of NTRK1 gene mutations, leading to an inability to perceive pain and temperature and lack of sweating. Its rarity and unique clinical challenges, such as severe injuries from the inability to sense pain, make reporting cases critical. A 5‐year‐old boy, the third child of consanguineous parents, was referred for a fractured femur. His history includes recurrent fevers, pain insensitivity, self‐mutilation, and anhidrosis with compensatory hyperhidrosis. Examination showed multiple ulcers, dry skin, missing digits, dental issues, and corneal ulcers. The neurological assessment confirmed loss of pain and temperature sensation. Genetic testing confirmed NTRK1 mutations, diagnosing CIPA. The femur fracture was treated with a hip spica cast, and injury prevention and temperature management were advised to the parents. This case underscores the importance of early diagnosis and comprehensive management of CIPA, highlights the need for genetic counseling for at‐risk families, and provides insights into managing the condition's complex challenges. A multidisciplinary approach is essential to improve patient outcomes and quality of life.
A Novel Intersection: Cytomegalovirus Gastritis Following Cemiplimab and Talimogene Laherparepvec in a Patient With Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Egoryan Goar , Zimmet Alex , Yu Mingwei , Pozdol Joseph , Subramanian Aruna , Reddy Sunil , Nelson Joanna 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTCytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is a rare complication in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), typically occurring after immunosuppressive therapy for immune‐related adverse events (irAEs). Here, we report a unique case of severe CMV gastritis in a patient receiving cemiplimab, an anti‐PD‐1 antibody, and talimogene laherparepvec (T‐VEC), an oncolytic virus, without prior irAEs or immunosuppressive treatment. A 63‐year‐old man with advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma received cemiplimab for one year and a single T‐VEC injection for recurrent disease. He presented with progressive dyspepsia, significant weight loss, and malnutrition requiring total parenteral nutrition. Endoscopy revealed extensive gastric ulceration, and biopsies confirmed CMV gastritis. Initial treatment with intravenous ganciclovir improved his viral load but provided minimal symptomatic relief. After six weeks of therapy, biopsies showed resolution of CMV infection, and the patient transitioned to oral valganciclovir for prophylaxis while resuming cancer treatment. This case highlights the potential for CMV reactivation in patients undergoing ICI therapy, even without prior immunosuppression or irAEs. Notably, the concurrent use of T‐VEC raises questions about the interplay between oncolytic viruses, ICIs, and immune modulation. Although T‐VEC is not known to directly cause CMV reactivation, its role in amplifying immune responses warrants further investigation. As ICIs and oncolytic viruses become increasingly integral in oncology, clinicians must remain vigilant for rare infectious complications like CMV reactivation. Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms, identify risk factors, and optimize management strategies for these events.
Mild‐Temperature Catalyzed Hydrosilylation for Simplified Carbohydrate Functionalization of Porous Silicon Nanoparticles
Authors: Nolli Maria Grazia , Terracciano Monica , Rea Ilaria , D'Errico Stefano , Placido Mineo Giuseppe , De Stefano Luca , Piccialli Gennaro , Riela Serena , Oliviero Giorgia , Borbone Nicola 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPorous silicon is one of the most explored nanostructured materials in various biomedical applications owing to its remarkable properties. However, its inherent chemical instability mandates a robust surface modification procedure, and proper surface bioengineering is essential to ensure its effectiveness in the biomedical field. In this study, we introduce a one‐pot functionalization strategy that simultaneously stabilizes porous silicon nanoparticles and decorates their surface with carbohydrates through hydrosilylation chemistry, combining mild temperatures and a Lewis acid catalyst. This approach yielded a surface functionalization degree of 300 μmol g−1 in just 4 hours at 60 °C, significantly reducing both the prolonged reaction times and high temperatures typically associated with conventional hydrosilylation. Furthermore, this advancement opens the way for utilizing thermolabile molecules useful for surface bioengineering.
Advances in luminescent fibers for interactive smart textiles
Authors: Xu Shumao , Fan Xiujun , Chen Songyue , Manshaii Farid , Yin Junyi , Chen Jun 
Published: December 2024

AbstractRecent advancements in luminescent fibers are transforming textiles by integrating lighting and display functionalities into fabrics for applications such as health monitoring, dynamic displays, and adaptive camouflage. Active electroluminescent fibers, powered by electric fields, enable tunable light emission, while passive photoluminescent fibers rely on photoluminescence or triboluminescence to emit light. Although challenges remain in achieving uniform luminescence and ensuring durability, breakthroughs in materials science, structural engineering, and system integration are addressing these issues. Innovations such as chipless electroluminescent textiles and thermally drawn photoluminescent fibers highlight significant progress, pointing toward a future where clothing facilitates health monitoring and dynamic interaction, advancing natural human–machine interfaces.
Knockdown of Methylation‐Related Gene MBD2 Blocks Cell Growth by Upregulating p21 Expression in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Cao Ting , Shen Xia , Pei Fei , Jiang Taogeng , Zhang Jun , Zhou Hong 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundMethyl‐CpG‐binding domain 2 (MBD2) attaches to methylated DNA, which mediates methylated gene transcription, leading to gene silencing and affecting tumor progression. The molecular mechanisms of MBD2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain insufficiently characterized.AimsThis study sought to assess the clinical relevance of MBD2 expression in HNSCC, with a particular focus on elucidating its functional role in tumor progression and its regulatory influence on p21 expression and cellular proliferation.MethodsWe analyzed the relationships between MBD2 expression, clinicopathological features, and survival outcomes in HNSCC patients using data from the UALCAN, TCGA, and cBioPortal databases. The functional role of MBD2 in HNSCC was further investigated through in vitro experiments. p21 expression was assessed using western blotting and qRT‐PCR in TU212 and AMC‐HN8 cells. These cells were treated with either shRNA targeting MBD2, 5‐azacytidine (5‐Aza), or a combination of shRNA MBD2 and 5‐Aza. Additionally, cell proliferation and viability were measured in each treatment group.ResultsMBD2 was found to be frequently overexpressed in HNSCC tissues, and its altered expression was significantly associated with reduced overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS). Both shRNA‐mediated MBD2 knockdown and 5‐Aza treatment increased p21 expression in HNSCC cells, exhibiting similar functions with additive effects. Furthermore, both treatments significantly inhibited cell proliferation and viability.ConclusionThese results indicated that shRNA‐mediated MBD2 knockdown suppresses HNSCC cell growth by upregulating p21 expression. In addition to its role as an oncogene, MBD2 may serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HNSCC patients.
Development of Aromatic Organic Materials for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Strategies, Advances and Future Perspectives
Authors: Wang Tianyi , Fu Chongchong , Liu Xin , Gu Wei , He Di , Liu Xiaoyue , Lu Jiahui , Liu Yu , Wang Chengyin , Pang Huan 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEver since lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) were successfully commercialized, aromatic compounds have attended every turning point in optimizing electrolytes, separators, and even electrode materials. However, the contribution of aromatic compounds has always been neglected compared to other advanced materials. At the same time, designing next‐generation LIBs with higher flexibility, solid‐state electrolytes, high energy density, and better Coulombic Efficiency (CE) has imposed stricter duties on aromatic components. In this review, we first systematically introduce the history of aromatic compounds that promote the development of LIBs. Typical applications of aromatic compounds in LIBs (e.g., separators, electrolytes, binders, and electrodes) are discussed in detail, and corresponding design characteristics are systematically analyzed. Finally, we suppose conjectures and prospects orientally designing aromatic compounds in the next generation LIBs.
Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia Over Copper‐based Catalysts
Authors: Hou Tailei , Shan Tianshang , Rong Hongpan , Zhang Jiatao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate (NO3−) to ammonia (NH3) holds substantial promise, as it transforms NO3− from polluted water into valuable NH3. However, the reaction is limited by sluggish kinetics and low NH3 selectivity. Cu‐based catalysts with unique electronic structures demonstrate rapid NO3− to NO2− rate‐determining step (RDS) and fast electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (eNO3RR) kinetics among non‐noble metal catalysts. Nonetheless, achieving high robustness and selectivity for NH3 with Cu‐based catalysts remains a significant challenge. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the reaction mechanisms in eNO3RR, highlights how the structures of monometallic and bimetallic Cu‐based catalyst affect catalytic properties, and discusses the current challenges as well as prospects in eNO3RR.
Laboratory evaluation of a low‐cost micro electro‐mechanical systems sensor for inclination and acceleration monitoring
Authors: Paganis Antonis , Georgiannou Vassiliki N. , Lignos Xenofon , El Dahr Reina 
Published: December 2024

AbstractIn this study, the design and development of a sensor made of low‐cost parts to monitor inclination and acceleration are presented. Α micro electro‐mechanical systems, micro electro mechanical systems, sensor was housed in a robust enclosure and interfaced with a Raspberry Pi microcomputer with Internet connectivity into a proposed tilt and acceleration monitoring node. Online capabilities accessible by mobile phone such as real‐time graph, early warning notification, and database logging were implemented using Python programming. The sensor response was calibrated for inherent bias and errors, and then tested thoroughly in the laboratory under static and dynamic loading conditions beside high‐quality transducers. Satisfactory accuracy was achieved in real time using the Complementary Filter method, and it was further improved in LabVIEW using Kalman Filters with parameter tuning. A sensor interface with LabVIEW and a 600 MHz CPU microcontroller allowed real‐time implementation of high‐speed embedded filters, further optimizing sensor results. Kalman and embedded filtering results show agreement for the sensor, followed closely by the low‐complexity complementary filter applied in real time. The sensor's dynamic response was also verified by shaking table tests, simulating past recorded seismic excitations or artificial vibrations, indicating negligible effect of external acceleration on measured tilt; sensor measurements were benchmarked using high‐quality tilt and acceleration measuring transducers. A preliminary field evaluation shows robustness of the sensor to harsh weather conditions.