bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strawberry Plant Alive Status Detection and Relative Pixel Based Plant Localization
Authors: Kong Xiangling , Xu Yunjun 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Autonomous plant alive status monitoring and corresponding localization of individual plant are two important tasks in precision agriculture. In this study, two new methods that are crucial to such robotic operations are proposed. First, a low cost and light scene invariant approach is proposed to differentiate green and yellow leaves using distinct color-ratio index ranges. Second, based on the relative pixel information of neighboring plants, an extended Kalman filter is used to determine plant positions. Such a differential style localization method is shown to be capable of achieving a similar centimeter level accuracy as light detection and ranging (LIDAR) or real-time kinematic-global positioning system (RTK-GPS) based approaches, but with a much lower upfront and maintenance cost. These two new methods are successfully validated in a nearby commercial field.
An Intense, But Ecologically Valid, Resistance Exercise Session Does Not Alter Growth Factors Associated With Cognitive Health
Authors: Marston Kieran J. , Brown Belinda M. , Rainey-Smith Stephanie R. , Bird Sabine , Wijaya Linda K. , Teo Shaun Y. M. , Martins Ralph N. , Peiffer Jeremiah J. 
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this investigation was to assess the acute changes in growth factors associated with cognitive health following two ecologically valid, intense resistance exercise sessions. Twenty-nine late-middle-aged adults performed one session of either (a) moderate-load resistance exercise or (b) high-load resistance exercise. Venous blood was collected prior to warm-up, immediately following exercise and 30 min following exercise. Serum was analyzed for brain-derived neurotrophic factor, insulin-like growth factor 1, and vascular endothelial growth factor. Session intensity was determined by blood lactate concentration and session rating of perceived exertion. Postexercise blood lactate was greater following moderate-load when compared with high-load resistance exercise. Subjective session intensity was rated higher by the session rating of perceived exertion following moderate-load when compared with high-load resistance exercise. No differences were observed in serum growth factor levels between groups. Ecologically valid and intense moderate-load or high-load exercise methods do not alter serum growth factor levels in late-middle-aged adults.
Does team reflexivity impact teamwork and communication in interprofessional hospital-based healthcare teams? A systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: McHugh Siobhan Kathleen , Lawton Rebecca , O"Hara Jane Kathryn , Sheard Laura 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundTeamwork and communication are recognised as key contributors to safe and high-quality patient care. Interventions targeting process and relational aspects of care may therefore provide patient safety solutions that reflect the complex nature of healthcare. Team reflexivity is one such approach with the potential to support improvements in communication and teamwork, where reflexivity is defined as the ability to pay critical attention to individual and team practices with reference to social and contextual information.ObjectiveTo systematically review articles that describe the use of team reflexivity in interprofessional hospital-based healthcare teams.MethodsFollowing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, six electronic databases were searched to identify literature investigating the use of team reflexivity in interprofessional hospital-based healthcare teams.The review includes articles investigating the use of team reflexivity to improve teamwork and communication in any naturally occurring hospital-based healthcare teams. Articles’ eligibility was validated by two second reviewers (5%).ResultsFifteen empirical articles were included in the review. Simulation training and video-reflexive ethnography (VRE) were the most commonly used forms of team reflexivity. Included articles focused on the use of reflexive interventions to improve teamwork and communication within interprofessional healthcare teams. Communication during interprofessional teamworking was the most prominent focus of improvement methods. The nature of this review only allows assessment of team reflexivity as an activity embedded within specific methods. Poorly defined methodological information relating to reflexivity in the reviewed studies made it difficult to draw conclusive evidence about the impact of reflexivity alone.ConclusionThe reviewed literature suggests that VRE is well placed to provide more locally appropriate solutions to contributory patient safety factors, ranging from individual and social learning to improvements in practices and systems.Trial registration numberCRD42017055602.
Johne's disease in dairy herds 1. Understanding the disease
Authors: Orpin Pete , Sibley Dick , Bond Karen 
Published: January 2020

Background: Johne's disease (JD) is regarded as an incurable, chronic, debilitating disease of cattle that causes scour, weight loss and death. However, these clinical signs are rarely seen and tend to be sporadic with a low prevalence, even in affected herds. Increasing interest in the management of JD, particularly in dairy herds, has been brought about by recognition that it is associated with many other conditions such as mastitis, lameness, poor productivity and decreased production efficiency. Affected herds typically have high forced culling rates and inefficient productivity. Modern dairy farming – particularly the increase in herd size and the husbandry procedures around parturition and neonatal calf care – has led to an increased risk of the spread of JD within herds and, thus, rising prevalence, albeit in the subclinical form. However, these trends can be reversed with benefits for all concerned.Aim of the article: This is the first article in a two‐part series and aims to give guidance on how JD can be controlled, managed and avoided in modern dairy herds, as well as how to comply with the guidance and requirements of the National Johne's Management Plan. The second article, to be published in a subsequent issue of In Practice, discusses how to achieve effective control using the plan.
3 Reducing frequent attenders to the emergency department at west suffolk hospital
Authors: Huang Fiona , Kiberu Yusef , Das Sreejib 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Introduction
Patients who repeatedly attend the emergency department (ED) often have underlying complex social, psychological and chronic medical issues which are difficult to address in the emergency/acute medicine environment alone. Their attendances not only present a burden to the ED, but also can be a sign that the patient’s primary issue has been insufficiently addressed. At West Suffolk Hospital, we are trialling an approach to reduce frequency of ED attendances in a specific cohort of patients identified as being frequent attenders. In order to do this, we are using a multi-disciplinary approach including psychiatry services and ED clinicians.

Methods
Our cohort of frequent attenders were identified as patients presenting more than 4 times to ED between March 2017 to April 2018. Exclusion criteria was if the patient is under 18 years old, has known long term medical conditions and known safeguarding concerns. With collaborative working by the emergency medicine clinician and liaison psychiatry, a letter was sent to 38 patients in May 2018, identifying them as frequent attenders and inviting them to a tailored multi-disciplinary team meeting. Initially we are assessing the impact of the letter, so 6 months after the letters were sent out, we assessed patient attendances again. 2 patients were excluded due to moving out of area and being in prison. Paired sample for means t-test was used to compare attendances pre- and post-intervention.

Results
There were a wide range of presenting complaints to ED, most of which were psychiatric related – overdose, deliberate self harm, alcohol/drug related. The intervention letter improved the attendance rate the most in this cohort, whereas it had a negligible effect on attendances with physical complaints. The average fall in attendance was 33% in the 6 months post patients receiving the intervention letter. This reached significance level with p=0.039.

Conclusions
Sending frequent attender patients a letter and putting in place a care plan could significantly reduce Emergency Department attendances. However there were a small number of patients, making it difficult to assess the efficacy of our intervention especially when adjusting for patient relocation.
We are hoping to disseminate the locally trialed strategy region wide across East Anglia, providing many more data points. We can also implement the model not just in patients with psychiatric background, but also patients with chronic medical problems too with additions to the multi-disciplinary team as per the needs of the patient.
Percutaneous 60-day peripheral nerve stimulation implant provides sustained relief of chronic pain following amputation: 12-month follow-up of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Gilmore Christopher A , Ilfeld Brian M , Rosenow Joshua M , Li Sean , Desai Mehul J , Hunter Corey W , Rauck Richard L , Nader Antoun , Mak John , Cohen Steven P , Crosby Nathan D , Boggs Joseph W 
Published: January 2020

IntroductionPeripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) has historically been used to treat chronic pain, but generally requires implantation of a permanent system for sustained relief. A recent study found that a 60-day PNS treatment decreases post-amputation pain, and the current work investigates longer-term outcomes out to 12 months in the same cohort.MethodsAs previously reported, 28 traumatic lower extremity amputees with residual and/or phantom limb pain were randomized to receive 8 weeks of PNS (group 1) or 4 weeks of placebo followed by a crossover 4 weeks of PNS (group 2). Percutaneous leads were implanted under ultrasound guidance targeting the femoral and sciatic nerves. During follow-up, changes in average pain and pain interference were assessed using the Brief Pain Inventory–Short Form and comparing with baseline.ResultsSignificantly more participants in group 1 reported ≥50% reductions in average weekly pain at 12 months (67%, 6/9) compared with group 2 at the end of the placebo period (0%, 0/14, p=0.001). Similarly, 56% (5/9) of participants in group 1 reported ≥50% reductions in pain interference at 12 months, compared with 2/13 (15%, p=0.074) in group 2 at crossover. Reductions in depression were also statistically significantly greater at 12 months in group 1 compared with group 2 at crossover.ConclusionsThis work suggests that percutaneous PNS delivered over a 60-day period may provide significant carry-over effects including pain relief, potentially avoiding the need for a permanently implanted system while enabling improved function in patients with chronic pain.Trial registration numberNCT01996254.
Implementing psychosocial programming at a level 1 trauma center: results from a 5-year period
Authors: Simske Natasha M , Rivera Trenton , Breslin Mary A , Hendrickson Sarah B , Simpson Megen , Kalina Mark , Ho Vanessa P , Vallier Heather A 
Published: January 2020

BackgroundThe primary goal of the present study is to describe the psychosocial support services provided at our institution and the evolution of such programming through time. This study will also report the demographics and injury patterns of patients using available resources.MethodsTrauma Recovery Services (TRS) is a social and psychological support program that provides services and resources to patients and families admitted to our hospital. It includes a number of different services such as emotional coaching from licensed counselors, educational materials, peer mentorship from trauma survivors, monthly support groups, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) screening and programming for victims of crime. Patients using services were prospectively recorded by hired staff, volunteers and students who engaged in distributing programming. Demographics and injury characteristics were retrospectively gathered from patient’s medical records.ResultsFrom May of 2013 through December 2018, a total of 4977 discrete patients used TRS at an urban level 1 trauma center. During the study period, 31.4% of the 15 640 admitted adult trauma patients were exposed to TRS and this increased from 7.2% in 2013 to 60.1% in 2018. During the period of 5.5 years, 3317 patients had ‘direct contact’ (coaching and/or educational materials) and 1827 patients had at least one peer visit. The average number of peer visits was 2.7 per patient (range: 2–15). Of the 114 patients who attended support groups over 4 years, 55 (48%) attended more than one session, with an average of 3.9 visits (range: 2–10) per patient. After the establishment of PTSD screening and Victims of Crime Advocacy and Recovery Program (VOCARP) services in 2017, a total of 482 patients were screened for PTSD and 974 patients used VOCARP resources during the period of 2 years, with substantial growth from 2017 to 2018.ConclusionsHospital-provided resources aimed at educating patients, expanding support networks and bolstering resiliency were popular at our institution, with nearly 5000 discrete patients accessing services during a period of 5.5 years. Moving forward, greater investigation of program usage, development, and efficacy is necessary.Level of evidenceLevel II therapeutic.
Study on wormhole geometry with $$\rho (R, R^{'})$$ matter in modified gravity
Authors: Godani Nisha , Debata Smrutirekha , Biswal Shantanu K. , Samanta Gauranga C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this work, static traversable wormholes are investigated in $$R^2$$R2 gravity with logarithmic trace term T, where R denotes the Ricci scalar, and $$T=-\rho +p_r+2p_t>0$$T=-ρ+pr+2pt>0, the trace of the energy momentum tensor. The connection between energy density of the matter component and the Ricci scalar is taken into account. Exact wormhole solutions are determined for three different novel forms of energy density: $$\rho =\alpha _1 R+\beta _1 R^{'}e^{\xi _1 R}$$ρ=α1R+β1R′eξ1R, $$\rho =\alpha _2 R e^{\xi _2 R}$$ρ=α2Reξ2R and $$\rho =\alpha _3 R^2+\beta _2 R^{'} e^{\xi _3 R^{'}}$$ρ=α3R2+β2R′eξ3R′, where prime denotes derivative with respect to r. The parameters $$\alpha _1$$α1, $$\beta _1$$β1, $$\xi _1$$ξ1, $$\alpha _2$$α2, $$\xi _2$$ξ2, $$\alpha _3$$α3, $$\xi _3$$ξ3 and $$\beta _2$$β2 play an important role for the absence of exotic matter inside the wormhole geometry. The parameter space is separated into numerous regions where the energy conditions are obeyed.
ANG1005, a Brain-Penetrating Peptide–Drug Conjugate, Shows Activity in Patients with Breast Cancer with Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis and Recurrent Brain Metastases
Authors: Kumthekar Priya , Tang Shou-Ching , Brenner Andrew J. , Kesari Santosh , Piccioni David E. , Anders Carey , Carrillo Jose , Chalasani Pavani , Kabos Peter , Puhalla Shannon , Tkaczuk Katherine , Garcia Agustin A. , Ahluwalia Manmeet S. , Wefel Jeffrey S. , Lakhani Nehal , Ibrahim Nuhad 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Purpose:
ANG1005, a novel taxane derivative, consists of three paclitaxel molecules covalently linked to Angiopep-2, designed to cross the blood–brain and blood–cerebrospinal barriers and to penetrate malignant cells via LRP1 transport system. Preclinical and clinical evidence of efficacy with ANG1005 has been previously shown.

Patients and Methods:
A multicenter, open-label phase II study in adult patients with measurable recurrent brain metastases from breast cancer (BCBM), with or without leptomeningeal carcinomatosis was conducted (n = 72 BCBM; n = 28 leptomeningeal carcinomatosis subset). ANG1005 was administered intravenously at 600 mg/m2 every 3 weeks. Tumor assessment was based on central nervous system (CNS) RECIST 1.1 for intracranial, and RECIST 1.1 for extracranial response. The primary endpoint was determination of intracranial objective response rate (iORR).

Results:
Median age was 47.5 years. Safety profile was similar to that of paclitaxel with myelosuppression as the predominating toxicity. Average number of prior CNS-directed therapies was 2.8 and 94% of the patients had prior taxane treatment. Patient benefit (stable disease or better) was seen in 77% (intracranial) and 86% (extracranial) of the evaluable patients, with iORR of 15% (investigator) or 8% (independent radiology facility [IRF] review). In the leptomeningeal carcinomatosis subset, 79% of the patients had intracranial disease control and estimated median overall survival of 8.0 months (95% CI, 5.4–9.4).

Conclusions:
Even though the study preset rule for iORR per IRF was not met in this heavily pretreated population, a notable CNS and systemic treatment effect was seen in all patients including symptom improvement and prolonged overall survival compared to historical control for the subset of patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (n = 28).
Escravidão e a Eflorescência Econômica de Atenas
Authors: Porter Jason Douglas 
Published: January 2020

Seguindo uma recente onda de argumentação bibliográfica a favor de um crescimento significativo na economia grega antiga, diversos livros pioneiros buscaram explicar esse fenômeno pelas lentes da Nova Economia Institucional (NEI). O inegável prevalecimento da escravidão por toda a história grega antiga, entretanto, não foi integrado substancialmente nessas novas análises. Esse artigo pretende se tratar desse problema, elucidando alguns dos modos pelos quais a escravidão contribuiu para a eflorescência econômica do final do Período Arcaico e do Período Clássico da Grécia (600-300 a.C.) dentro de uma abordagem focalizada institucionalmente. Examinando especialmente o caso do Estado de Atenas, esse estudo argumenta não apenas que o sistema da escravidão importou uma vasta quantidade de trabalho de outras regiões do Mediterrâneo para dentro da política ateniense, mas também que ela direcionou o trabalho para objetivos economicamente produtivos que foram, por outro lado, limitados pela estrutura social ateniense. O uso de escravos em operações de moagem nos provê de um exemplo-chave e frequentemente ignorado, que será aqui usado como um estudo de caso.
Uma análise das representações de Havana em La fiesta vigilada de Antonio José Ponte
Authors: Coelho Paula De Carvalho 
Published: January 2020

A ideia de se conceber a cidade como texto ou signo, que permite por meio da análise de seus espaços e de suas construções a leitura de sua história e a compreensão da sociedade que nela vive é uma noção que pode ser recuperada em trabalhos de intelectuais como Walter Benjamin como em seu inacabado projeto das Passagens (2006), e também em trabalhos mais recentes, como no ensaio “Os vazios de Berlim” (1999) do crítico literário Andreas Huyssen.
Com base neste conceito, propomos uma análise das representações de Havana desenvolvidas por Antonio José Ponte, no “romance” La fiesta vigilada (2007), com objetivo de investigar como os espaços da cidade no texto mencionado nos permitem associá-los com alguns eventos históricos transcorridos em Cuba durante a segunda metade do século XX.
Accuracy and Reliability of Smartphone Self-Test Audiometry in Community Clinics in Low Income Settings: A Comparative Study
Authors: Sandström Josefin , Swanepoel DeWet , Laurent Claude , Umefjord Göran , Lundberg Thorbjörn 
Published: January 2020

Background: There is a lack of hearing health care globally, and tele-audiology and mobile technologies have been proposed as important strategies to reduce the shortfall. Objectives: To investigate the accuracy and reliability of smartphone self-test audiometry in adults, in community clinics in low-income settings. Methods: A prospective, intra-individual, repeated measurements design was used. Sixty-three adult participants (mean age 52 years, range 20-88 years) were recruited from ENT and primary health care clinics in a low-income community in Tshwane, South Africa. Air conduction hearing thresholds for octave frequencies 0.5 to 8 kHz collected with the smartphone self-test in non-sound treated environments were compared to those obtained by reference audiometry. Results: The overall mean difference between threshold seeking methods (ie, smartphone thresholds subtracted from reference) was −2.2 dB HL (n = 467 thresholds, P = 0.00). Agreement was within 10 dB HL for 80.1% (n = 467 thresholds) of all threshold comparisons. Sensitivity for detection hearing loss >40 dB HL in one ear was 90.6% (n = 84 ears), and specificity 94.2% (n = 84 ears). Conclusion: Smartphone self-test audiometry can provide accurate and reliable air conduction hearing thresholds for adults in community clinics in low-income settings.
Does the Residential Landscape Contextualize Friendships? Examining the Causes and Consequences of Affiliating with Older Friends
Authors: Yohros Alexis , Zimmerman Gregory M. 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: Examine the relationships among structural disadvantage, friendship network age composition, and violent offending by investigating the contextual and individual etiology of affiliating with older friends and exploring the mechanisms that link friendship network age composition to violent offending. Method: Hierarchical linear models analyze 8,481 respondents distributed across 1,485 census tracts from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Social network data are used to construct a measure of the proportion of a respondent’s friendship network that is at least one grade older than the respondent. Results: Consistent with hypotheses, structural disadvantage increases affiliations with older friends, older friendship networks report higher levels of violence, and affiliating with older friends increases violence among respondents. Contrary to expectations, the influence of affiliating with older friends on respondent violence decreases, rather than increases, as levels of violence in the friendship network increase. Conclusions: The results shed light on the inextricable linkages among social context, friendship network composition, and sociobehavioral outcomes among youth. The findings inform peer mentoring program evaluations observing iatrogenic effects via peer deviancy.