bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do clinical psychologists have a role in clients’ use of psychotropic medication? A mixed methods investigation exploring current forms of involvement
Authors: Aston Amy , Smith Sharron , De Boos Danielle , Tickle Anna 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore whether clinical psychologists in the United Kingdom (UK) have a role with their clients’ psychotropic medication by exploring forms of involvement undertaken, and decision‐making behind involvement.DesignA mixed methods design was employed; 147 clinical psychologists took part in an online survey, and 11 respondents were interviewed, selected using intensity sampling.MethodsDescriptive statistics and thematic analysis were used to analyse the quantitative and qualitative data, respectively.ResultsAll respondents reported having some role with their clients’ psychotropic medication. A thematic map diagram was created to capture the process of how clinical psychologists choose to become involved.ConclusionsConsensus was reached in that clinical psychologists do have a role with their clients’ psychotropic medication, although this varies by clinician and takes on many forms. In the light of the changing role, professional guidance would help to promote clarity and consistency.Practitioner points

Clinical psychologists are regularly engaging in roles in relation to their clients’ psychotropic medication use despite little guidance or training.
Findings identify a range of specific roles in relation to psychotropic medication that psychologists can take including formulating the impact of psychotropic medication, supplying information to support informed consent and withdrawal, and questioning and challenging use of psychotropic medication with colleagues and prescribers.
There is a need for further research and consideration around roles given movements towards prescribing rights for psychologists (by the British Psychological Society) and recent guidance published for psychological therapists on enabling conversations with clients withdrawing from or taking psychiatric drugs (Guy et al., 2019, Guidance for psychological therapists: Enabling conversations with clients taking or withdrawing from prescribed psychiatric drugs, APPG for Prescribed Drug Dependence, London, UK).
Gubernatorial Policy Priorities and State Fiscal Outcomes
Authors: Ivonchyk Mikhail 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis study tests the effect of gubernatorial policy agendas on state budgetary choices. Governors are commonly perceived as state policy leaders, but lack direct legislative authority and depend on the law makers to pass bills and present them for signature. The theory posits that governors nonetheless possess several formal and informal tools that are used to overcome this institutional disadvantage and successfully pursue their policy goals. Gubernatorial policy priorities in this study are extracted from public speeches using unsupervised machine learning. Their influence on state spending choices in different policy areas is tested through panel data analysis of all states from 2007 through 2015. Empirical findings reveal that the effect of executive agendas is more pronounced in the area of transportation infrastructure and public safety—potentially due to lower levels of conflict and concentrated benefits, which eases deal making with law makers. Governors are also more persistent with policy proposals that are more important for reelection.Related ArticlesAdams, Brian E. 2016. “Assessing the Merits of Decentralization: A Framework for Identifying the Causal Mechanisms Influencing Policy Outcomes.” Politics & Policy 44 (5): 820‐849. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12172Heidbreder, Brianne. 2012. “Agenda Setting in the States: How Politics and Policy Needs Shape Gubernatorial Agendas.” Politics & Policy 40 (2): 296‐319. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2012.00345.xPatrick, Barbara. 2012. “Fiscal Federalism, Performance Policies, and Education Reforms: Are States Using Performance Policies to Improve Workforce Quality?” Politics & Policy 40 (4): 593‐628. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2012.00370.x
Right‐Wing Populism in Rural Europe. Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Mamonova Natalia , Franquesa Jaume 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis special issue aims to understand the rise of right‐wing populism in the European countryside, as well as the forms of resistance and the alternatives being built against it. In this short introduction, we briefly present the main objectives and conceptual position of the special issue and introduce its articles. Each article is discussed here based on its contribution to one of the following themes: (1) analysis of the existing socio‐economic system and power relations that gave rise to right‐wing populism in rural Europe; (2) critical examination of the major assumptions about rural support for populist movements; (3) problematic overlap between politics and rhetoric of right‐wing populist parties and left‐wing (green) parties and agrarian movements; (4) agrarian populism and food sovereignty movement as progressive alternatives to right‐wing politics in the European countryside.
“Is nicht egal“: Guided Multimodal Reading of a Music Video Advertisement
Authors: Benjamin John D. , Donohue‐Bergeler Devon , Fuchs Katrin , Lorenz Alexander 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis case study addresses the language‐culture divide contributing to curricular bifurcation in many collegiate language departments and presents a lesson plan to help language instructors bridge the gap. The lesson on public transportation is designed for first‐semester second language (L2) German students and focuses on a guided reading of a music video advertisement – the Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe (BVG) spot “Is mir egal,” featuring Kazim Akboga (2015). The instructor and the L2 learners, using these guided reading strategies (Kern, 2000; Paesani, Allen, & Dupuy, 2016), collectively unpack the text and make meaning – culturally, linguistically, and in‐between. This article presents data in the form of written student reflections on the video advertisement and guided reading strategies as well as instructor observations. The lesson is designed according to the FLLITE Project (Foreign Languages and the Literary in the Everyday, https://fllite.org/), dedicated to the free use of the Open Educational Resources (OER) movement, thus allowing instructors to adapt it to their specific needs.
Contraction‐regulated mTORC1 and protein synthesis: Influence of AMPK and glycogen
Authors: Knudsen Jonas R. , Li Zhencheng , Persson Kaspar W. , Li Jingwen , Henriquez‐Olguin Carlos , Jensen Thomas E. 
Published: May 2020

Key points
AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK)‐dependent Raptor Ser792 phosphorylation does not influence mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)‐S6K1 activation by intense muscle contraction.
α2‐AMPK activity‐deficient mice have lower contraction‐stimulated protein synthesis.
Increasing glycogen activates mTORC1‐S6K1.
Normalizing muscle glycogen content rescues reduced protein synthesis in AMPK‐deficient mice.

AbstractThe mechansitic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)‐S6K1 signalling pathway regulates muscle growth‐related protein synthesis and is antagonized by AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) in multiple cell types. Resistance exercise stimulates skeletal muscle mTORC1‐S6K1 and AMPK signalling and post‐contraction protein synthesis. Glycogen inhibits AMPK and has been proposed as a pro‐anabolic stimulus. The present study aimed to investigate how muscle mTORC1‐S6K1 signalling and protein synthesis respond to resistance exercise‐mimicking contraction in the absence of AMPK and with glycogen manipulation. Resistance exercise‐mimicking unilateral in situ contraction of musculus quadriceps femoris in anaesthetized wild‐type and dominant negative α2 AMPK kinase dead transgenic (KD‐AMPK) mice, measuring muscle mTORC1 and AMPK signalling immediately (0 h) and 4 h post‐contraction, and protein‐synthesis at 4 h. Muscle glycogen manipulation by 5 day oral gavage of the glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor CP316819 and sucrose (80 g L−1) in the drinking water prior to in situ contraction. The mTORC1‐S6K1 and AMPK signalling axes were coactivated immediately post‐contraction, despite potent AMPK‐dependent Ser792 phosphorylation on the mTORC1 subunit raptor. KD‐AMPK muscles displayed normal mTORC1‐S6K1 activation at 0 h and 4 h post‐exercise, although there was impaired contraction‐stimulated protein synthesis 4 h post‐contraction. Pharmacological/dietary elevation of muscle glycogen content augmented contraction‐stimulated mTORC1‐S6K1‐S6 signalling and rescued the reduced protein synthesis‐response in KD‐AMPK to wild‐type levels. mTORC‐S6K1 signalling is not influenced by α2‐AMPK during or after intense muscle contraction. Elevated glycogen augments mTORC1‐S6K1 signalling. α2‐AMPK‐deficient KD‐AMPK mice display impaired contraction‐induced muscle protein synthesis, which can be rescued by normalizing muscle glycogen content.
Promoting Direct CO2 Conversion to DME over Zeolite-based Hybrid Catalysts
Authors: Frusteri L. , Bonura G. , Cannilla C. , Todaro S. , Giordano G. , Migliori M. , Frusteri F. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The direct hydrogenation of CO2 into dimethyl-ether (DME) has been studied in presence of zeolite-based hybrid catalysts, prepared through gel-oxalate coprecipitation of copper, zinc and zirconium precursors (in an atomic ratio of 60 : 30 : 10 respectively) in a solution containing different home-made zeolites (i.e., Sil-1, MFI, Y, FER, BEA, MOR), for a final CuZnZr/zeolite weight composition of 1:1. All the samples were properly characterized with different techniques for determining the textural, structural and morphological nature of the catalytic surface. N2 physisorption highlighted a variation both in the specific surface area and in the pore size distribution from the parent zeolites to the hybrid catalyst. TEM analyses disclosed how the pre-formed zeolite architecture affects the distribution of the oxides on the surface, significantly controlling not only the activity-selectivity pattern under the adopted experimental conditions (TR, 200–260°C; PR, 30 bar, GHSV: 8.800 NL/kgcat/h), but also the catalyst stability during time on-stream.
Recent Progress to Understand and Improve Zeolite Stability in the Aqueous Medium
Authors: Prodinger Sebastian , Derewinski Miroslaw A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe work reviewed here attempts to summarize the growing literature on zeolite stability in hot liquid water. This required to first establish the nature, structure and interactions of the active sites in Brønsted and Lewis acidic microporous materials in the presence of liquid water. This understanding was then transferred to zeolite stability and catalyst deactivation. While early results correctly established Si–O–Si hydrolysis as the dominant pathway compared to the Si–O–Al hydrolysis observed in steaming, it also focused extensively on the positive role of framework and extra-framework Al in stabilizing zeolites. However, stability was instead found to more directly correlate with the number of internal structural defects and intraporous water concentration. Stabilization protocols for Brønsted acidic zeolites are described in detail. In the case of Lewis acidic zeolites, their inherent hydrophobic behavior (Si/M >100) makes them more resistant towards water, however, issues such as reversible carbonaceous species formation as well as irreversible metal leaching and fouling remain. Finally, we summarize the most important factors in designing robust and efficient zeolite catalysts made to withstand hot liquid water.
Improving newborn heart rate assessment using a simple visual timer
Authors: Henry Caroline , Morris David E , Coleman Sophie , Pereira Andrea , Tamakloe Christian , Blanchfield Peter , Sharkey Don 
Published: May 2020

ObjectiveNewborn resuscitation relies on accurate heart rate (HR) assessment, which, during auscultation, is prone to error. We investigated if a 6 s visual timer (VT) could improve HR assessment accuracy during newborn simulation.DesignProspective observational study of newborn healthcare professionals.SettingThree-phase developmental approach: phase I: HR auscultation during newborn simulation using a standard clock timer (CT) or the VT; phase II: repeat phase I after using a bespoke training app (NeoRate); phase III: following the Newborn Life Support course, participants assessed random HRs using the CT or VT.Main outcome measuresHR accuracy (within ±10 beats/min, correct HR category, i.e. <60, 60–100 and >100 beats/min), assessment time and error-free rates were compared.ResultsOverall, 1974 HR assessments were performed with participants more accurate using the VT for ±10 beats/min (70% CT vs 86% VT, p<0.001) and correct HR category (78% CT vs 84% VT, p<0.01). The VT improved accuracy across all three phases. Additionally, following app training in phase II, the HR accuracy of both the CT and VT improved. The VT resulted in faster HR assessment times of 11 s (IQR 9–13) compared with the CT at 15 s (IQR 9–23, p<0.001). Error-free scenarios increased from 24% using the CT to 57% using the VT (p<0.001), with a shorter assessment time (CT 116 s (IQR 65–156) vs VT 53 s (IQR 50–64), p<0.001).ConclusionUsing a VT to assess simulated newborn HR combined with a training app significantly improves accuracy and reduces assessment time compared with standard methods. Evaluation in the clinical setting is required to determine potential benefits.
Combination immunotherapy induces distinct T-cell repertoire responses when administered to patients with different malignancies
Authors: Cham Jason , Zhang Li , Kwek Serena , Paciorek Alan , He Tao , Fong Grant , Oh David Y , Fong Lawrence 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundCTLA-4 blockade with ipilimumab is Food and Drug Administration-approved for melanoma as a monotherapy and has been shown to modulate the circulating T-cell repertoire. We have previously reported clinical trials combining CTLA-4 blockade with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in metastatic melanoma patients and in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. Here, we investigate the effect that cancer type has on circulating T cells in metastatic melanoma and mCRPC patients, treated with ipilimumab and GM-CSF.MethodsWe used next-generation sequencing of T-cell receptors (TCR) to compare the circulating T cells of melanoma and mCRPC patients receiving the same treatment with ipilimumab and GM-CSF by Wilcoxon rank sum test. Flow cytometry was utilized to investigate specific T-cell populations. TCR sequencing results were correlated with each T-cell subpopulation by Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Of note, 14 metastatic melanoma patients had samples available for TCR sequencing and 21 had samples available for flow cytometry analysis; 37 mCRPC patients had samples available for sequencing of whom 22 have TCR data available at both timepoints; 20 of these patients had samples available for flow cytometry analysis and 16 had data available at both timepoints.ResultsWhile melanoma and mCRPC patients had similar pretreatment circulating T-cell counts, treatment induces greater expansion of circulating T cells in melanoma patients. Metastatic melanoma patients have a higher proportion of clones that increased more than fourfold after the treatment compared with mCRPC patients (18.9% vs 11.0%, p=0.017). Additionally, melanoma patients compared with mCRPC patients had a higher ratio of convergent frequency (1.22 vs 0.60, p=0.012). Decreases in clonality induced by treatment are associated with baseline CD8+ T-cell counts in both patient groups, but are more pronounced in the melanoma patients (r=−0.81, p<0.001 vs r=−0.59, p=0.02).Trial registration numbersNCT00064129;NCT01363206.
Managing enduring public health emergencies such as COVID-19: lessons from Uganda Red Cross Society’s Ebola virus disease response operation
Authors: Geiger Daniel , Harborth Lisa , Mugyisha Alex 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundIn this piece, we translate insights from our study of routine coordination in the Ebola virus disease response operation by Uganda Red Cross Society (URCS) for managing long-lasting public health emergencies. We further show how these lessons are relevant to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Commonly, emergency response organisations, like the URCS or hospitals, are ill equipped to handle longer lasting emergencies. These emergencies require special measures that combine ad-hoc action, continuous awareness over longer time periods, and the collaboration of multiple actors such as the government, public health institutions and other non-governmental organisations (NGOs).ResultsFrom our study we can translate seven lessons learnt which are important for managing long-term public health emergencies such as pandemics: (1) centralised pooling and management of resources; (2) engagement of local communities in response efforts; (3) the need to continuously recruit and train staff; (4) the establishment of adjusted working patterns to prevent staff exhaustion; (5) cooperation of involved agencies with security for enforcing measures; (6) the revision of funding frameworks; and (7) the use of global positioning system (GPS) data to identify population movement patterns.ConclusionAlthough still speculative at this stage, we apply these lessons to the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. We argue that immediate action in the areas of resource pooling and control over critical resources, in the engagement of trusted and respected individuals in risk communication, in the continuous training and hiring of new staff, and in the appropriation of GPS tracking data is called for in managing SARS-CoV-2 by policy makers, NGOs and other involved agencies.
Repeated mechanical thrombectomy in short-term large vessel occlusion recurrence: multicenter study and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Styczen Hanna , Maegerlein Christian , Yeo Leonard LL , Clajus Christin , Kastrup Andreas , Abdullayev Nuran , Behme Daniel , Maurer Christoph Johannes , Meyer Lukas , Goertz Lukas , Ikenberg Benno , Tan Benjamin Y Q , Lobsien Donald , Papanagiotou Panagiotis , Kabbasch Christoph , Hesse Amelie Carolina , Berlis Ansgar , Fiehler Jens , Fischer Sebastian , Forsting Michael , Maus Volker 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundData on the frequency and outcome of repeated mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with short-term re-occlusion of intracranial vessels is limited. Addressing this subject, we report our multicenter experience with a systematic review of the literature.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of consecutive acute stroke patients treated with MT repeatedly within 30 days at 10 tertiary care centers between January 2007 and January 2020. Baseline demographics, etiology of stroke, angiographic outcome and clinical outcome evaluated by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 90 days were noted. Additionally, a systematic review of reports with repeated MT due to large vessel occlusion (LVO) recurrence was performed.ResultsWe identified 30 out of 7844 (0.4%) patients who received two thrombectomy procedures within 30 days due to recurrent LVO. Through systematic review, three publications of 28 participants met the criteria for inclusion. Combined, a total of 58 participants were analyzed: cardioembolic events were the most common etiology for the first (65.5%) and second LVO (60.3%), respectively. Median baseline NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) was 13 (IQR 8–16) before the first MT and 15 (IQR 11–19) before the second MT (p=0.031). Successful reperfusion was achieved in 91.4% after the first MT and in 86.2% patients after the second MT (p=0.377). The rate of functional independence (mRS 0–2) was 46% at 90 days after the second procedure.ConclusionRepeated MT in short-term recurrent LVO is a rarity but appears to be safe and effective. The second thrombectomy should be pursued with the same extensive effort as the first procedure as these patients may achieve similar good outcomes.
Wormhole solutions with a polynomial equation-of-state and minimal violation of the null energy condition
Authors: Parsaei F. , Rastgoo S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper discusses wormholes supported by general equation-of-state , resulting in a significant combination of the linear equation-of-state and some other models. Wormhole with a quadratic equation-of-state is studied as a particular example. It is shown that the violation of null energy condition is restricted to some regions in the vicinity of the throat. The combination of barotropic and polytropic equation-of-state has been studied. We consider fluid near the wormhole throat in an exotic regime which at some $$r=r_{1}$$r=r1, the exotic regime is connected to a distribution of asymptotically dark energy regime with $$-1<\omega <-1/3$$-1<ω<-1/3. We have presented wormhole solutions with small amount of exotic matter. We have shown that using different forms of equation-of-state has a considerable effect on the minimizing violation of the null energy condition. The effect of many parameters such as redshift as detected by a distant observer and energy density at the throat on the $$r_1$$r1 is investigated. The solutions are asymptotically flat and compatible with presently available observational data at the large cosmic scale.
Relação entre o estresse e a autoestima de gestantes durante o pré-natal
Authors: Gomes Franco Celso da Silva , Aragão Francisca Bruna Arruda , Serra Liana Linhares Lima , Chein Maria Bethânia Costa , Santos Joelmara Pereira Furtado dos , Santos Liane Maria Rodrigues dos , Reis Andréa Dias , Lopes Fernanda Ferreira 
Published: May 2020

Objetivo: analisar os componentes do perfil psicossocial de gestantes durante o pré-natal. Métodos: estudo quantitativo, analítico, realizado com 160 gestantes, entre 14 e 47 anos de idade, atendidas num Hospital de referência do Maranhão, em 2017. Resultados: a maioria das gestantes tinha entre 19 a 35 anos de idade (48,75%); realizaram de 0 a 5 consultas de pré-natal (40,65%) e eram nulíparas (43,13%). A análise de regressão linear evidenciou a influência do estresse devido a problemas financeiros e relacionados à família, os itens que mais explicaram o constructo autoestima foram sentir que não é um fracasso e sentir-se satisfeita consigo mesma; A correlação de Pearson do estresse e autoestima foi negativa e com influência significativamente forte. Conclusão: o estresse dentre os fatores psicossociais é o que mais influencia para alterações no pré-natal provavelmente na autoestima, pois quando relacionado com estresse evidenciou relação negativa.
The Long-Term Effect of Military Conscription on Personality and Beliefs
Authors: Ertola Navajas Gabriela , López Villalba Paula A. , Rossi Martín A. , Vazquez Antonia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
We estimate the causal impact of military conscription on long-term beliefs and personality traits. To address potential endogeneity concerns, we exploit the conscription lottery in Argentina. We combine administrative data from the conscription lottery with data from a survey we designed on beliefs and personality traits. We find that men who were conscripted are more likely to adopt a military mind-set and that the effect is long lasting. Given the many people who go through military conscription, our results are useful for understanding how personality traits and beliefs are formed for a very salient part of the world's population.