bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunoglobulin superfamily beat‐Ib mediates intestinal regeneration induced by reactive oxygen species in Drosophila
Authors: Nagai Hiroki , Kurata Shoichiro , Yano Tamaki 
Published: February 2020

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) often injure intestinal epithelia that cause loss of damaged cells, which is mainly repaired by proliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs). To maintain the homeostatic state, coordination of sensing of the ROS injury and the subsequent epithelial cell loss with the replenishment by cell renewal is crucial. However, little is known about how gut epithelial cells initiate regenerative responses against ROS to maintain the tissue integrity. Here, we carried out a genome‐wide screen, by which we identify immunoglobulin superfamily beaten path Ib (beat‐Ib) as an essential gene for provoking ISC proliferation against ROS in Drosophila intestine. Interestingly, the beat‐Ib function is required in differentiated enterocytes, the main targeted cells by ROS in the intestinal tract, but is dispensable in the stem cells. Moreover, beat‐Ib is not involved in enterocyte apoptosis at ROS injury. These findings indicate the essential role of beat‐Ib in Drosophila midgut enterocytes for initiating the non‐cell‐autonomous induction of ISC division in response to environmental ROS stresses.
A single centre retrospective study of low dose prophylaxis with extended half‐life factor IX for severe haemophilia B
Authors: Rampotas Alexandros , Desborough Michael J. R. , Raza‐Burton Sayma , Taylor Stephanie , Wilkinson Alice , Hall Georgina W , Shapiro Susan , Curry Nicola 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIntroductionExtended half‐life factor IX concentrates (EHL‐FIX) can be administered weekly to prevent bleeding for persons with severe haemophilia B. We report the experience of a large UK haemophilia comprehensive care centre using low dose EHL‐FIX for persons with severe haemophilia B.AimThe low doses used in real world are approximately half of the doses used in clinical trials. We aim to assess the efficacy and safety of low dose EHL‐FIX.MethodsData from a cohort of 13 patients who were switched from standard half‐life factor IX (SHL‐FIX) to Alprolix® (mean dose 31.5 IU/kg) and seven patients who switched from standard half‐life factor IX to Idelvion® (mean dose 20.2 IU/kg) were included.ResultsThe median annualized bleeding rate was similar for SHL‐FIX (median 3, interquartile range [IQR] 1‐5) and EHL‐FIX (median 3, IQR 1‐5.25). Quality of life scores, measured using the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions assessment were similar for SHL‐FIX (median 0.76, IQR: 0.63‐0.84) and EHL‐FIX (median 0.79, IQR: 0.58‐0.88).ConclusionThis study shows that EHL‐FIX given at low doses can be effective for prevention of bleeding for persons with severe haemophilia B.
Deregulation and institutional conversion in the Greek hotel industry: an employment relations model in transition
Authors: Papadopoulos Orestis , Lyddon Dave 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACTBefore the debt crisis of 2010 forced Greece into almost permanent austerity, its hotel workers enjoyed wages and conditions (through a sector collective agreement) similar to those in other economic sectors. This was against the international trend where low wages and poor conditions were standard. Sweeping deregulation by Greek governments has brought much of the hotel industry into line with other countries. The sector agreement, now covering a much smaller proportion of the workforce, survived but has experienced ‘institutional conversion’, delivering a much poorer outcome. Despite buoyant tourism, institutional deregulation and derogation have delivered the employers' major objective of matching the workforce to the fluctuating demand for labour.
Nutritional and bone health status in young men with mild‐to‐moderate intellectual disability and without intellectual disability residing in community setting in Malaysia
Authors: Jamil Nor Aini , Jia Ling Chang , Md Ibrahim Hawa Izzati , Hamzaid Nur Hana , Chin Kok Yong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to compare the nutritional and bone health status between young men with mild‐to‐moderate intellectual disability and those without intellectual disability and to determine predictors for their bone health status.MethodA total of 95 men (47 men with intellectual disability; 48 men without intellectual disability), aged 20–39 years, participated in this study. Anthropometric profile, dietary intake, physical activity level and calcaneal speed of sound (SOS) were collected.ResultsThe men with intellectual disability had moderate diet quality whilst the men without intellectual disability had poor diet quality. More participants with intellectual disability (97.9%) were inactive compared with their counterparts (10.4%). The SOS value was similar between groups and was lower than the reference. Increasing age and low physical activity level were negative predictors for bone health status.ConclusionBoth young men with and without intellectual disability have suboptimal nutritional and bone health status. Strategies to improve their nutritional and bone health status are warranted.
Predictive model for growth of Salmonella Newport on Romaine lettuce
Authors: Oscar Thomas P. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCross‐contamination of ready‐to‐eat (RTE) salad vegetables with Salmonella from raw chicken followed by growth during meal preparation are important risk factors for human salmonellosis. To better predict and manage this risk, a model (general regression neural network) for growth of a chicken isolate of Salmonella Newport (0.91 log) on Romaine lettuce (0.18 g) at times (0–8 hr) and temperatures (16–40°C) observed during meal preparation was developed with Excel, NeuralTools, and @Risk. Model performance was evaluated using the acceptable prediction zones (APZ) method. The proportion of residuals in the APZ (pAPZ) was 0.93 for dependent data (n = 210) and 0.93 for independent data (n = 72) for interpolation. A pAPZ ≥0.70 indicates acceptable model performance. Thus, the model was successfully validated for interpolation and can be used with confidence to predict and manage this important risk to public health.
Refining Trauma‐Informed Perinatal Care for Urban Prenatal Care Patients with Multiple Lifetime Traumatic Exposures: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Gokhale Priyanka , Young Maria R. , Williams Makayla N. , Reid Shayla N. , Tom Laura S. , O'Brian Catherine A. , Simon Melissa A. 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionBecause lifetime trauma exposure has been linked to multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes, there is a need for all perinatal care providers to be versed in trauma‐informed care practices. However, there are few data to guide trauma‐informed practice during the perinatal period. The objective of this study was to refine ongoing development of a trauma‐informed care framework for perinatal care by conducting a qualitative study of all trauma experiences and preferred screening practices of pregnant patients at an urban prenatal clinic.MethodsIn this qualitative study, we conducted semistructured interviews with 30 women receiving prenatal care at an urban clinic. Participants also completed a trauma history questionnaire. Inductive coding was used to generate themes and subthemes.ResultsParticipants described multiple lifetime traumatic exposures as well as background exposure to community violence. Not all participants desired routine trauma screening; factors limiting disclosure included fear of retraumatization and belief that prior trauma is unrelated to the current pregnancy. Strong therapeutic relationships were identified as critical to any trauma history discussion.DiscussionThis study supports a trauma‐informed care approach to caring for pregnant women with prior traumatic exposures, including trauma screening without retraumatization and trusting patient‐provider relationships.
Prognostic role of maspin expression in patients with cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer
Authors: Isci Bostanci Esra , Guler Ismail , Dikmen Asiye U. , Erdem Ozlem , Guner Haldun , Onan Mehmet Anil , Taskiran Cagatay 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAimMammary serine protease inhibitor (maspin) acts as a tumor suppressor through the inhibition of cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Paradoxically, maspin levels are increased in some types of malignant cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the maspin expression in cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer, and to analyze its' relation with survival.MethodsMaspin expression was detected by immunohistochemistry using labeled streptavidin biotin method to determine cytoplasmic and nuclear maspin expressions in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CIN1), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) and cervical cancer.ResultsA total of 89 patients with CIN (29 cases of CIN1, 30 cases of CIN2 and 30 cases of CIN3), and 27 patients with cervical cancer were included to the study. 7.8% of the patients with CIN had maspin staining positivity. On the other hand maspin staining was positive in 20 of 27 patients (74.1%) with cervical carcinoma (P = 0.001). Of these patients 20 (100%) had cytoplasmic, and 8 (40%) had nuclear maspin staining positivity. Cytoplasmic maspin immunoreactive scores were found to be significantly higher in carcinoma group when compared to the patients with CIN1/3 (respectively; P = 0.01, P = 0.02). No difference was noted for nuclear maspin expression. Significant overall survival advantage was detected for patients with nuclear maspin staining (P = 0.03).ConclusionThe current study shows that nuclear maspin expression is related with better overall survival in cervical cancer. Maspin staining can be a useful diagnostic marker to discriminate cervical intraepithelial neoplasia from cervical carcinoma.
The influence of tongue strength on children's performance in computer games reliant on lingual force generation
Authors: Furlan Renata Maria Moreira Moraes , Santana Guilherme André , Amaral Mariana Souza , Motta Andréa Rodrigues , de Las Casas Estevam Barbosa 
Published: February 2020

AbstractOral motor exercises, for recovering tongue strength, can be integrated with computer games to increase motivation, especially for treatments in children. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of tongue strength on motor performance in computer games reliant on lingual force generation. An observational study was carried out at a speech‐language pathology outpatient university clinic. Twenty participants (10 with normal tongue strength and 10 with reduced tongue strength) aged 8‐13 years used an intra‐oral joystick controlled by the tongue to play six computer games during which they had to reach targets that appeared on the screen. Motor performance was measured by the number of attempts to score and the time during which the target force was maintained. Tongue motor performance was compared between groups and across directions of tongue movement, resistance force levels, order of target appearance, continuous force application time on the target, age and sex. Children with normal tongue strength had a lower number of attempts to score (P = .014) and maintained the target force for longer periods (P = .002) than those with reduced tongue strength. The performance was better for both groups (a) in the downward direction compared with the performance in other directions, (b) in games with the lowest resistive force level (0.5 N) compared to those with other levels of resistive force and (c) in the second and third rounds compared with the first round. There were no gender‐related differences in performance. Older participants performed better than younger participants. Tongue strength, direction of movement, force to reach the target, time of continuous force application, order of target appearance and age influenced tongue motor performance.
Three‐spined stickleback armour predicted by body size, minimum winter temperature and pH
Authors: Smith C. , Zięba G. , Spence R. , Klepaker T. , Przybylski M. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSimilar phenotypes evolve under equivalent environmental conditions through parallel evolution. Because they have repeatedly invaded and adapted to new freshwater environments, the three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) offers a powerful system for understanding the agents of selection in nature that drive parallel evolution. Here, we examine the ecological and environmental variables responsible for morphological variation in three‐spined stickleback populations across its European range. We collected fish from 85 populations, encompassing much of the European latitudinal range of the species and including lowland rivers and lakes, coastal lagoons and moorland ponds. We measured biotic and environmental variables at all sites along with morphological traits for 2,358 individuals. Using an information theory approach, we identified body size, minimum average winter temperature and pH as primary predictors of stickleback armour evolution, challenging current hypotheses for stickleback morphological diversification and demonstrating the fundamental role played by body size and scaling in mediating responses to selection. Stickleback lateral plate phenotype represents a potentially powerful tool for monitoring change in climate variables across the northern temperate region.
Lessons from the implementation of developmental progress assessment: A scoping review
Authors: St‐Onge Christina , Vachon Lachiver Élise , Langevin Serge , Boileau Elisabeth , Bernier Frédéric , Thomas Aliki 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesEducators and researchers recently implemented developmental progress assessment (DPA) in the context of competency‐based education. To reap its anticipated benefits, much still remains to be understood about its implementation. In this study, we aimed to determine the nature and extent of the current evidence on DPA, in an effort to broaden our understanding of the major goals and intended outcomes of DPA as well as the lessons learned from how it has been executed in, or applied across, educational contexts.MethodsWe conducted a scoping study based on the methodology of Arksey and O’Malley. Our search strategy yielded 2494 articles. These articles were screened for inclusion and exclusion (90% agreement), and numerical and qualitative data were extracted from 56 articles based on a pre‐defined set of charting categories. The thematic analysis of the qualitative data was completed with iterative consultations and discussions until consensus was achieved for the interpretation of the results.ResultsTools used to document DPA include scales, milestones and portfolios. Performances were observed in clinical or standardised contexts. We identified seven major themes in our qualitative thematic analysis: (a) underlying aims of DPA; (b) sources of information; (c) barriers; (d) contextual factors that can act as barriers or facilitators to the implementation of DPA; (e) facilitators; (f) observed outcomes, and (g) documented validity evidences.ConclusionsDevelopmental progress assessment seems to fill a need in the training of future competent health professionals. However, moving forward with a widespread implementation of DPA, factors such as lack of access to user‐friendly technology and time to observe performance may render its operationalisation burdensome in the context of competency‐based medical education.
How do local differences in saltmarsh ecology influence disease vector mosquito populations?
Authors: Rowbottom R. , Carver S. , Barmuta L. A. , Weinstein P. , Allen G. R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSaltmarsh breeding mosquitoes are an important source of vectors for arboviral transmission. In southern Australia, the most prominent vector borne disease, Ross River virus (Togaviridae: Alphavirus) (RRV), is transmitted by the saltmarsh mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) Aedes camptorhynchus (Thomson). However, the factors driving the abundance of this mosquito within and among saltmarshes are poorly understood. To predict the abundance of this mosquito within saltmarshes, the environmental conditions and aquatic invertebrate ecology of three temperate saltmarshes habitats were monitored over two seasons. Up to 44% of first‐instar mosquito numbers and 21% of pupal numbers were accounted for by environmental variables. Samphire vegetation cover was a common predictor of first‐instar numbers across sites although, between saltmarshes, aquatic factors such as high salinity, temperatures less than 22 °C and water body volume were important predictors. The identified predictors of pupal numbers were more variable and included high tides, waterbody volume and alkalinity. The composition of invertebrate functional feeding groups differed between saltmarshes and showed that an increased diversity led to fewer mosquitoes. It was evident that apparently similar saltmarshes can vary markedly in invertebrate assemblages, water availability and conditions through tidal inundations, rainfall or waterbody permanency. The present study advances insight into predictors of vector mosquito numbers that drive the risk of RRV outbreaks.
Laser therapy versus topical desensitising agents in the management of dentine hypersensitivity: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhou Kaiyan , Liu Qiulin , Yu Xueting , Zeng Xiaojuan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the effectiveness of lasers and topical desensitising agent treatments for dentine hypersensitivity.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE and ISI Web of Knowledge were electronically searched without restrictions. Study search, selection, data extraction and assessment of risk of bias were conducted independently by two reviewer authors. All analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3 (Cochrane Collaboration).ResultsThis meta‐analysis included 13 eligible studies that compared topical desensitising agents and Nd:YAG or diode laser. Four, six and three studies were considered to have low, moderate and high risks of bias, respectively. The follow‐up period varied from immediate to 9 months. All comparisons except the 3‐month Nd:YAG laser parallel group and 6‐month diode laser group showed that the clinical efficacy of lasers for dentine hypersensitivity was not significantly different with topical desensitising agents.ConclusionWe found low‐quality evidence that was insufficient to draw any conclusions regarding the superiority of lasers or conventional topical desensitising agents in the treatment of DH. Further well‐designed RCTs on this topic are needed to draw definitive conclusions.
Anionic Conjugated Polyelectrolytes for FRET‐based Imaging of Cellular Membrane Potential
Authors: Nag Okhil K. , Jeong Ji‐Eun , Le Van Sang , Oh Eunkeu , Woo Han Young , Delehanty James B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe report a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)‐based imaging ensemble for the visualization of membrane potential in living cells. A water‐soluble poly(fluorene‐cophenylene) conjugated polyelectrolyte (FsPFc10) serves as a FRET donor to a voltage‐sensitive dye acceptor (FluoVolt™). We observe FRET between FsPFc10 and FluoVolt™, where the enhancement in FRET‐sensitized emission from FluoVolt™ is measured at various donor/acceptor ratios. At a donor/acceptor ratio of 1, the excitation of FluoVolt™ in a FRET configuration results in a three‐fold enhancement in its fluorescence emission (compared to when it is excited directly). FsPFc10 efficiently labels the plasma membrane of HEK 293T/17 cells and remains resident with minimal cellular internalization for ~ 1.5 h. The successful plasma membrane‐associated colabeling of the cells with the FsPFc10‐FluoVolt™ donor‐acceptor pair is confirmed by dual‐channel confocal imaging. Importantly, cells labeled with FsPFc10 show excellent cellular viability with no adverse effect on cell membrane depolarization. During depolarization of membrane potential, HEK 293T/17 cells labeled with the donor‐acceptor FRET pair exhibit a greater fluorescence response in FluoVolt™ emission relative to when FluoVolt™ is used as the sole imaging probe. These results demonstrate the conjugated polyelectrolyte to be a new class of membrane labeling fluorophore for use in voltage sensing schemes.
Do red cell alloantibodies continue to challenge breast fed babies?
Authors: Rasalam Jess E. , Kumar Snehil , Amalraj Pushpanathan , Bal Harshjeet S. , Mathai John , Kumar Manish , Sridhar Santhanam , Daniel Dolly 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundNewborns have limited specific immune capability at birth, owing to delayed and constrained development of adaptive immunity. To supplement this period the mother passively transfers antibodies to the child either transplacentally or through breast milk. When maternal alloimmunisation occurs through foreign or fetal red cell surface antigens, stimulating the production of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, these IgG antibodies can cross the placenta and cause haemolytic disease of the fetus and the newborn.ObjectiveWe present two case reports of a neonate and an infant in whom IgG red cell alloantibodies were transferred through maternal breast milk.MethodsMaternal serum, baby's serum and expressed breast milk samples were tested for the presence of red cell alloantibodies using gel card. Antibody screening, antibody identifications and titres alongside monospecific direct antiglobulin test, IgG subtypes were performed using the standard methods.ResultsIn the first case, a 6‐month‐old child was incidentally found to have positive antibody screen. Anti‐KELL1 was identified, which was also present in maternal serum and breast milk. The second neonate was evaluated for haemolysis and was found to have anti‐D. Anti‐D was also detected in the maternal serum and breast milk. Both babies did not have any sensitising events. The first baby was asymptomatic, but the second baby had ongoing haemolysis until 1 month.ConclusionWe report that maternal anti‐KELL1 and anti‐D antibodies were present in breast milk and were capable of being transferred to a feeding child. Our case report also raises interesting and unanswered immunologic fundamentals that should be considered in neonates with unexplained anaemia or delayed and persistent haemolysis.