bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ørefigenmysteriet. Tre tyske eksempler på intertekstualitet i satirens tjeneste
Authors: Haugmark Knud 
Published: October 2020

Selv om ingen vistnok har foreslået at tolke Johannes hallucinationer på Patmos som satire, er der så meget samfundskritik i åbenbaringen, at der går en lige linje til Dantes Inferno, hvor læserne kunne godte sig over de straffe for eksempel Firenzes kendte borgere måtte lide i Helvede. Nogle straffe afspejlede synderens brøde; spåmænd blev i eksempelvis straffet ved at skulle gå baglæns uden at dreje hovedet.
Mens tredveårskrigen hærger i Europa, lader teologen og forfatteren Johan Michael Moscherosh en jeg-fortæller gå i samme spor og fortælle, at digtere og musikere pines i Helvede ved at skulle høre på deres egne værker. Bogen, der havde et fransk forlæg, hedder Wunderbahre Satyrische gesichte Verteutscht durch Philander von Sittewalt og udkom i 1640. Den har teologen, forfatteren og debattøren Johannes Lassenius givetvis læst, inden han skrev sin satire, Arcana, som affødte et stridskrift af en “Schüler aus Quedlinburg”, Johan Christoffer Kilian, der her citerer William Ames’ bitre, sarkastiske kritik af førnævnte Lassenius. De to stredes om, hvorvidt Quakerne, en skotsk protestantisk antiautoritær sekt, kunne retfærdiggøres.
Debat, strid og kritik har det syttende århundrede ikke manglet og sådan får teksterne mange berøringspunkter. Lassenius brugte imidlertid intertekstualiteten til at indgå en kontrakt med læseren, hvor man skal huske at læse det, der står med småt …
Kronik
Authors: Meile Jakob Kyril 
Published: October 2020

KRONIKKEN fortæller om det forgangne kvartal på Det Kongelige Bibliotek: Begivenheder, foredrag, udstillinger, koncerter, erhvervelser m.m.m.
KRONIKKEN fortæller om det forgangne kvartal på Det Kongelige Bibliotek: Begivenheder, foredrag, udstillinger, koncerter, erhvervelser m.m.
Indhold: Bøger og bibliotek: Sjældent Beethoven-manus restaureret og SIBMAS Teaterkonference
)Société Internationale des Bibliothèques, des Musées et des Archives de documanta­tion des Arts du Spectacle!). Danmarks Kunstbibliotek bliver en del af Det Kongelige Bibliotek. Søren Gyldendal-prisen blev tildelt en af bibliotekets, domicilerede forskere, cand.mag. Morten Møller. Det Kongelige Bibliotek på nettet: Søg i REX på andre alfabeter. Udstillinger: Skatte i Det Kongelige Bibliotek. Bladtegnermuseet: Den lyse illustrator: Ida Gantriis, Skuespilleren der tegnede: Valdemar Møller, Grænseløs humor: Medborgerskab set gennem humor og satire. Det Nationale Fotomuseum: Vi byggede et hus. Foredragsrække: Demokrati før og nu, Faith, Feminism and Freedom, International Forfatterscene, De Unge og De Tunge, Shakespeare-fejring: Foredragsrække og koncertrække Koncerter: DiamantEnsemblet, Vinterjazz og andre koncerter
Medication Mathematics Competency and Confidence in Nursing Students
Authors: WODWASKI NADINE , SINUTKO JAIME 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Confidence and competency with medication mathematics is imperative yet challenging for many in higher education with regard to the nursing profession. The researchers seek to understand if there is there a difference between the course grades of baccalaureate nursing students based upon the instructional methods of fully face-to-face as compared to fully online self-directed mathematic instruction. Grounded in a self-efficacy theoretical framework, self-directed learning (SDL) techniques were explored in this research piece as well as valuable faculty feedback as it relates to the SDL module. The results indicated that students were more successful with SDL or online mathematic instruction, in addition faculty scored the students as more confident in post mathematical education.
Mining the potential prognostic value of synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25) in colon cancer based on stromal-immune score
Authors: Zou Jinyan , Duan Darong , Yu Changfa , Pan Jie , Xia Jinwei , Yang Zaixing , Cai Shasha 
Published: October 2020

Background
Colon cancer is one of the deadliest tumors worldwide. Stromal cells and immune cells play important roles in cancer biology and microenvironment across different types of cancer. This study aimed to identify the prognostic value of stromal/immune cell-associated genes for colon cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database using bioinformatic technology.

Methods
The gene expression data and corresponding clinical information of colon cancer were downloaded from TCGA database. Stromal and immune scores were estimated based on the ESTIMATE algorithm. Sanger software was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and prognostic DEGs based on stromal and immune scores. External validation of prognostic biomarkers was conducted in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Gene ontology (GO) analysis, pathway enrichment analysis, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used for functional analysis. STRING and Cytoscape were used to assess the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and screen hub genes. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the expression of hub genes in clinical tissues. Synaptosomal-associated protein 25 (SNAP25) was selected for analyzing its correlations with tumor-immune system in the TISIDB database.

Results
Worse overall survivals of colon cancer patients were found in high stromal score group (2963 vs. 1930 days, log-rank test P = 0.038) and high immune score group (2894 vs. 2230 days, log-rank test P = 0.076). 563 up-regulated and 9 down-regulated genes were identified as stromal-immune score-related DEGs. 70 up-regulated DEGs associated with poor outcomes were identified by COX proportional hazard regression model, and 15 hub genes were selected later. Then, we verified aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and SNAP25 as prognostic biomarkers in GEO database. qRT-PCR results revealed that AQP4 and SNAP25 were significantly elevated in colon cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues (P = 0.003, 0.001). GSEA and TISIDB suggested that SNAP25 involved in cancer-related signaling pathway, immunity and metabolism progresses.

Conclusion
SNAP25 is a microenvironment-related and immune-related gene that can predict poor outcomes in colon cancer.
Human papillomavirus infection and follow-up on positive results in 7222 female samples obtained from 2016 to 2019 in Hefei, China
Authors: Peng Liduo , Yin Liping , Dai Yaqian , Peng Yuanjing , Xu Yuanhong , Hu Huaqing , Qiao Jinping 
Published: October 2020

Background
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection rates in women vary regionally. This study analyzed HPV infection in women of different age groups in Hefei, China, performed follow-up on positive cases, and discussed infection prognoses.

Methods
Samples (7,222) of exfoliated cervical cells were collected in Hefei and tested with an HPV assay kit against 27 HPV genotypes. Statistical software was used to analyze the data.

Results
The total positive rate of infection was 17.13% (1,068 women), and the 51–60-year age group had the highest HPV infection rate (19.82%). There were statistically significant differences between rates in the 21–30 and 31–40 (P = 0.002), 21–30 and 41–50 (P = 0.0003), 21–30 and 51–60 (P = 0.00003), and 51–60 and >60 age groups (P = 0.046). High-risk infection (15.67%) and single infection (13.01%) were the main types of HPV infection. The dominant genotypes of high-risk infection were HPV 52 (2.42%), HPV 16 (2.01%), HPV 53 (1.43%), HPV 58 (1.32%) and HPV 66 (1.01%). We conducted follow-up on cases in 69 of 94 women who had a history of 1–4 years of positive infection, and in 18 (seven treated, 11 untreated) patients, infection status turned negative (26.09%). Seventeen of the fifty-one women whose infections did not turn negative received treatment. Persistent infection was predominantly observed in high-risk genotypes (56 of 69).

Conclusions
The results recommend that women in Hefei improve health awareness and receive a 9-valent vaccine. Additionally, women with persistent infections should consult a gynecologist to prevent cervical lesions.
In-vitro Evaluation of Antiviral Activity of Moringa oleifera Extracts against Polio virus
Authors: Adamu Halidu Mhya , Iliyasu Mahmud Yerima , Yakubu Mohammed Nuru , Samaila Adamu Babayo , Umar Ahmed Faruk 
Published: October 2020

Background: Moringa oleifera plant parts extract have been utilized tremendously in traditional medicine, having various pharmaceutical activities such as antifungal, antibacterial and antiviral properties.
Aim: This study was carried out to evaluate antiviral activity of aqueous extract of Moringa leaves, seeds and flowers against Polio virus isolates (Vaccine Strains P1&P3), MDG-17-04852; MDG-17-04881.
Study Design: This is a baseline study carried out to determine the efficacy of Moringa oleifera in the treatment of poliomyelitis.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital Maiduguri and Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi from September 2018 to October, 2019.
Methods: Phytochemical substances was extracted and screened from the Moringa using standard laboratory techniques. Continuous cell line L20B cells was used to isolate polio virus. Polio virus stock was prepared and titration was carried out to determine TCID50 by Kerber’s formula, L-d(S - 0.5). Cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated using the end-point cytopathic effect assay. Antiviral assay and Polio virus Intratypic Differentiation (ITD) was performed using Real-Time PCR.
Results: The results revealed present of Tannins in leaves and flowers, Alkaloids and Saponins in all the extracts, Glycosides and Steroids in leaves and Flavonoids in flowers only. Cytotoxicity of the extracts shows 50% effects in 100mg and 50mg concentrations, while 33.3% and 16.7% was observed in 25mg and 12.5mg (P>.05). The titration of the tissue culture infective dose 50% (TCID50) shows that Polio virus type 1and 3 had a titre value of 106.5 and 106.25 respectively. The ITD results observed presence of Sl1 and Sl3 from the extracts.
Conclusion: This study found that the Moringa extracts did not neutralized the Polio virus strains studied, as the phytochemicals show no antiviral activity. Therefore further study is needed in this area to ascertain its antiviral potentials against poliomyelitis.
Mathematical models for understanding phenomena: Vortex‐induced vibrations
Authors: Tamura Yukio 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis is a rather biased review paper emphasizing the importance of “understanding” of phenomena. This paper's purpose is to inspire young researchers to taste the real charms of research by observing the process of development of mathematical models of vortex‐induced vibration phenomena of cylinders for understanding their essential mechanism. It first discusses the limitations of human abilities and important aspects of research. Then, it emphasizes the close relation between understanding and mathematical models, and five conditions for a desirable mathematical model: simplicity; inclusion of all essential properties; possession of physical meanings; wide scope of application; and possibility of development. It refers to Birkhoff's wake‐oscillator (1953), Funakawa's early‐wake model (1969), Nakamura's 2DOF flutter model (1970), the Hartlen‐Currie model (1970), the Iwan‐Blevins model (1974), Tamura's non‐linear wake‐oscillator model with a variable length (1979), and the Tamura–Shimada model (1987) for combined effects of vortex resonance and galloping. Some recent developments of the Tamura–Shimada model are also introduced. Then, it discusses the necessity of accurate experimental capture of early‐wake behavior and the aerodynamic properties of a target cylinder in a given flow condition for further development of Tamura's model and the Tamura–Shimada model. Finally, the necessity for efforts to understand phenomena are emphasized.
Validation of the preconfigured Varian Ethos Acuros XB Beam Model for treatment planning dose calculations: A dosimetric study
Authors: Hu Yunfei , Byrne Mikel , Archibald‐Heeren Ben , Collett Nick , Liu Guilin , Aland Trent 
Published: October 2020

AbstractVarian (Palo Alto, California, United States) recently released an online adaptation treatment platform, Ethos, which has introduced a new Dose Preview and Automated Plan Generation module despite sharing identical beam data with the existing Halcyon linac. The module incorporates a preconfigured beam model and the Acuros XB algorithm (Ethos AXB model) to generate final dose calculations from an initial fluence optimization. In this study, we comprehensively validated the accuracy of the Ethos AXB model by comparing it against the Halcyon AXB model, the Halcyon Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA) model, and measurements acquired on an Ethos linac. Results indicated that the Ethos AXB model demonstrated a comparable if not superior dosimetric accuracy to the Halcyon AXB model in basic and complex calculations, and at the same time its dosimetric accuracy in modulated and heterogeneous plans was better than that of the Halcyon AAA model. Despite the fact that the same algorithm was utilized, the Ethos AXB model and the Halcyon AXB model still exhibited variations across a range of tests, although these variations were predominantly insignificant in the clinical environment. The accuracy of the Ethos AXB model has been successfully verified in this study and is considered appropriate for the current clinical scope. On the basis of this study, clinical physicists can perform a data validation instead of a full data commissioning when implementing the Ethos system, thereby adopting a more efficient approach for Ethos installation.
Application of Conjugated Carbonyls in the Synthesis of Heterocycles via Oxidative Cycloaddition and Cyclization Reactions
Authors: Bagdi Avik Kumar , Pattanayak Paramita , Paul Suvam , Mitra Mousree , Choudhuri Tathagata , Sheikh Amir Sohel 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSynthesis of pharmaceutically active heterocycles is always appealing as the majority of the widely used drugs contain heterocyclic moieties as their core structure. So, the straightforward construction of heterocycles from readily available/accessible reagents is one of the prime targets of the synthetic chemists. In this context, C−H functionalization has emerged as an effective tool for the designing and synthesis of various heterocyclic moieties as it offers a straight‐forward and step‐economic pathway. On the other hand, the readily available/accessible conjugated carbonyls are well‐known reagents for the construction of carbocycles and heterocycles over the years. However, the employment of C−H functionalization of the two C−H bonds of the conjugated alkene in carbocycle/heterocycle synthesis was not so explored. In the last decade, much focus has been paid on the synthesis of various pharmaceutically active heterocycles through C−H bond functionalization of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes/ketones. These protocols have been developed through either oxidative coupling of conjugated carbonyls with suitable coupling partners or intramolecular C−H bond functionalization of conjugated carbonyls. In this review, we will discuss all the methodologies developed for the synthesis of heterocycles employing intermolecular C−H bond functionalization of conjugated carbonyls. The mechanistic pathways and usefulness of the methodologies will be also highlighted.magnified image
Soil water infiltration of Subalpine Shrub Forest in Qilian Mountains, northwest of China
Authors: Chang Zongqiang , Ye Xiyan , Zhang Jinghui 
Published: October 2020

AbstractSoil water infiltration is an inherent characteristic of soil, but its capability varies according to soil types. In this study, soil water infiltration of five subalpine shrub species, Salix gilashanica C. Wang & P.Y. Fu, Caragana jubata (Pall.) Poir., Dasiphora fruticosa (L.) Rydb., Berberis diaphana Maxim., and Caragana angelica Maxim. ex Kom. from Xishui Forest Zone of Qilian Mountain was tested by the double‐rings method. Influences of shrub type on soil water infiltration were analyzed. Research results demonstrate that there are great differences in soil water storage capacity and infiltration performance among different shrubs. Soil water storage capacity and soil water infiltration of S. gilashanica are higher than those of other shrub types, whereas soil water storage capacity and soil water infiltration of dry C. jubata are the lowest. The initial soil water infiltration rate of different shrub types ranges between 3.8 and 53.93 mm min–1 and the steady infiltration rate is 0.95–24.12 mm min–1. Generally, the order of steady infiltration rate is S. gilashanica > C. jubata > D. fruticosa > B. diaphana > C. tangutica. Kostiakov formula and Horton formula were found superior to Philip formula in terms of fitting accuracy in the process of soil water infiltration. Initial soil water infiltration rate and steady infiltration rate have significantly positive correlations with organic contents, natural moisture content, and porosity of soil, especially with non‐capillary porosity. Alternatively, initial soil water infiltration rate and steady infiltration rate showed significantly negative correlations with soil density.
Recommended measures for the efficient care of patients with genetic disorders during the COVID‐19 pandemic in low and middle income countries
Authors: Hamad Lina , Kreidieh Khalil , Nakouzi Ghunwa , Lyon Elaine , Yazbek Soha 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) emerged in early 2020 and since, has brought about tremendous cost to economies and healthcare systems universally. Reports of pediatric patients with inherited conditions and COVID‐19 infections are emerging. Specific risks for morbidity and mortality that this pandemic carries for different categories of genetic disorders are still mostly unknown. Thus, there are no specific recommendations for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of patients with genetic disorders during the COVID‐19 or other pandemics. Emerging publications, from Upper‐Middle Income countries (UMIC), discuss the recent experiences of genetic centers in the continuity of care for patients with genetic disorders in the context of this pandemic. Many measures to facilitate the plan to continuous genetic care in a well‐developed health system, may not be applicable in Low and Middle Income countries (LMIC). With poorly structured health systems and with the lack of established genetic services, the COVID‐19 pandemic will easily exacerbate the access to care for patients with genetic disease in these countries. This article focuses on the unique challenges of providing genetic healthcare services during emergency situations in LMIC countries and provides practical preparations for this and other pandemic situations.
Neocortical Slow Oscillations Implicated in the Generation of Epileptic Spasms
Authors: Lee Chih‐Hong , Le John T. , Ballester‐Rosado Carlos J. , Anderson Anne E. , Swann John W. 
Published: October 2020

ObjectiveEpileptic spasms are a hallmark of severe seizure disorders. The neurophysiological mechanisms and the neuronal circuit(s) that generate these seizures are unresolved and are the focus of studies reported here.MethodsIn the tetrodotoxin model, we used 16‐channel microarrays and microwires to record electrophysiological activity in neocortex and thalamus during spasms. Chemogenetic activation was used to examine the role of neocortical pyramidal cells in generating spasms. Comparisons were made to recordings from infantile spasm patients.ResultsCurrent source density and simultaneous multiunit activity analyses indicate that the ictal events of spasms are initiated in infragranular cortical layers. A dramatic pause of neuronal activity was recorded immediately prior to the onset of spasms. This preictal pause is shown to share many features with the down states of slow wave sleep. In addition, the ensuing interictal up states of slow wave rhythms are more intense in epileptic than control animals and occasionally appear sufficient to initiate spasms. Chemogenetic activation of neocortical pyramidal cells supported these observations, as it increased slow oscillations and spasm numbers and clustering. Recordings also revealed a ramp‐up in the number of neocortical slow oscillations preceding spasms, which was also observed in infantile spasm patients.InterpretationOur findings provide evidence that epileptic spasms can arise from the neocortex and reveal a previously unappreciated interplay between brain state physiology and spasm generation. The identification of neocortical up states as a mechanism capable of initiating epileptic spasms will likely provide new targets for interventional therapies. ANN NEUROL 2021;89:226–241
Sugar‐Based Polymers from d‐Xylose: Living Cascade Polymerization, Tunable Degradation, and Small Molecule Release
Authors: Rizzo Antonio , Peterson Gregory I. , Bhaumik Atanu , Kang Cheol , Choi Tae‐Lim 
Published: October 2020

AbstractEnyne monomers derived from D‐xylose underwent living cascade polymerizations to prepare new polymers with a ring‐opened sugar and degradable linkage incorporated into every repeat unit of the backbone. Polymerizations were well‐controlled and had living character, which enabled the preparation of high molecular weight polymers with narrow molecular weight dispersity values and a block copolymer. By tuning the type of acid‐sensitive linkage (hemi‐aminal ether, acetal, or ether functional groups), we could change the degradation profile of the polymer and the identity of the resulting degradation products. For instance, the large difference in degradation rates between hemi‐aminal ether and ether‐based polymers enabled the sequential degradation of a block copolymer. Furthermore, we exploited the generation of furan‐based degradation products, from an acetal‐based polymer, to achieve the release of covalently bound reporter molecules upon degradation.
The Utilization of Lanthipeptide Synthetases Is a General Strategy for the Biosynthesis of 2‐Aminovinyl‐Cysteine Motifs in Thioamitides**
Authors: Lu Jingxia , Wu Yuan , Li Yuqing , Wang Huan 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe biosynthesis of thioamitide natural products remains largely unknown, especially for the characteristic C‐terminal 2‐aminovinyl‐cysteine (AviCys) motifs. Herein, we report the discovery that homologues of class‐III lanthipeptide synthetases (LanKCts) encoded outside putative thioamitide biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) fully dehydrate the precursor peptides. LanKCt enzymes bind tightly to cysteine decarboxylases encoded inside thioamitide BGCs and the resulting enzyme complex completes the macrocyclization of AviCys rings. Furthermore, LanKCtenzymes are present in the genomes of many thioamitide‐producing strains and participate in the generation of AviCys macrocycles. Together, our study reveals an unprecedented system that lanthipeptide synthetases outside thioamitide BGCs participate in their biosynthesis by specific association with cysteine decarboxylases encoded inside BGCs.
The Synthesis, Bonding, and Transformation of a Ligand‐Protected Gold Nanohydride Cluster
Authors: Dong Jia , Gao Ze‐Hua , Zhang Qian‐Fan , Wang Lai‐Sheng 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGold does not react with H2to form bulk hydrides. Here we report the synthesis and characterization of a gold nanohydride protected by diphosphine ligands, [Au22H4(dppo)6]2+[dppo=1,8‐bis(diphenylphosphino)octane]. The Au22core consists of two Au11units bonded by eight Au atoms not coordinated by the diphosphine ligands. The four H atoms are found to bridge the eight uncoordinated Au atoms at the interface. Each Au11unit can be viewed as a tetravalent superatom forming four delocalized Au‐H‐Au bonds, similar to the quadruple bond first discovered in the [Re2Cl8]2−inorganic cluster. The [Au22H4(dppo)6]2+nanohydride is found to lose H atoms over an extended time via H evolution (H2), proton (H+) and hydride (H−) releases. This complete repertoire of H‐related transformations suggests that the [Au22H4(dppo)6]2+nanohydride is a versatile model catalyst for understanding the mechanisms of chemical reactions involving hydrogen on the surface of gold nanoparticles.