bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical performance of non‐invasive prenatal testing for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 in twin pregnancies: A cohort study and a systematic meta‐analysis
Authors: He Yuting , Wang Yichong , Li Zhuyu , Chen Haitian , Deng Jiankai , Huang Hao , He Xiaohong , Zeng Wentao , Liu Min , Huang Bin , Chen Peisong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionThe objective of this study was to report on the clinical performance of non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 in twin pregnancies and to define the performance of NIPT by combining our cohort study results with published studies in a systematic meta‐analysis.Material and methodsA cohort study was carried out in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University and Kanghua Hospital. Meanwhile, searches of PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science for all relevant peer‐reviewed articles were performed with a restriction to English language publication before 15 June 2019. Quality assessments were conducted with the Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies‐2 checklist. Data analysis, heterogeneity, subgroup analysis and publication bias were carried out using META‐DISC 1.4 and STATA 12.0.ResultsIn all, 141 twin pregnancies included in our cohort study; confirmation revealed one true‐positive case for trisomy 21 and 140 true‐negative cases. The sensitivity and specificity for trisomy 21 by NIPT were both 100%. Twenty‐two eligible studies were enrolled in this meta‐analysis together with our study. There were 199 cases of trisomy 21, 58 cases of trisomy 18, 14 cases of trisomy 13 and 6347 cases of euploids in total. For trisomy 21, NIPT showed the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.99, 1.00, 145.81, 0.06 and 1714.09, respectively. For trisomy 18, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio were 0.88, 1.00, 200.98, 0.19 and 483.68, respectively.ConclusionsThe performance of NIPT for trisomy 21 in twin pregnancy was excellent and it was similar to that reported in singleton pregnancy. However, due to publication bias (trisomy 18) and small number of cases (trisomy 13), accurate assessment of the predictive performance of NIPT for trisomies 18 and 13 could not be achieved.
Programmed cell death ligand‐1: A dynamic immune checkpoint in cancer therapy
Authors: Kalim Muhammad , Iqbal Khan Muhammad Saleem , Zhan Jinbiao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAntibody‐based immunotherapies play a pivotal role in cancer research with efficient achievements in tumor suppression. Tumor survival is assisted by modulation of immune checkpoints to create imbalances between immune cells and cancer cell's environment. The modulation results in T‐cell signal inhibition ultimately inert its proliferation and activation against various tumor cells. PD‐L1, a 40 kDa transmembrane protein of B7 family, binds with PD‐1 on the membrane of T cells which results in inhibition of T‐cell proliferation and activation. PD‐L1/PD‐1 pathway has generated novel target sites for antibodies that can block PD‐L1/PD‐1 interactions. The blockage results in T‐cell proliferation and tumor cell suppression. The PD‐L1 immune checkpoint strategies’ development, expression and regulations, signal inhibitions, and developmental stages of PD‐L1/PD‐1 antibodies are briefly discussed here in this review. All this information will provide a base for new therapeutic development against PD‐L1 and PD‐1 immune checkpoint interactions and will make available promising treatment options.
Intervention for children with developmental coordination disorder: How robust is our recent evidence?
Authors: Miyahara Motohide , Lagisz Malgorzata , Nakagawa Shinichi , Henderson Sheila 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe evaluation of methods of intervention for children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is an ongoing process. Systematic and meta‐analytical reviews play an important role in this process. Before 2015, only four reviews of this type were published on this topic. By 2019, the number had tripled, raising the question of whether the increase in quantity is accompanied by a similar increase in quality. The aim of this meta‐review was to evaluate eight new review studies published during this time period with particular focus on the consistency of the inclusion criteria, the coverage of primary studies and the quality of evidence on which the conclusions were based.MethodMethodological quality was evaluated using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews, Second Edition (AMSTAR 2).ResultsThe eight reviews differed in the inclusion criteria employed, the sources of primary evidence cited and in the quality of evidence provided. Using AMSTAR 2 terminology, the overall methodology of the reviews was judged to be acceptably high for only one. All others contained serious flaws. The conclusions drawn were not consistent.ConclusionsIn spite of the increase in the number of reviews on intervention for children with DCD, quality remains an issue. Persistent methodological problems mean that consumers still cannot be confident in any of the claims made for intervention effects.
Effect of Rifampin‐Mediated OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 Transporter Inhibition on the Pharmacokinetics of the P2Y12 Receptor Antagonist Selatogrel
Authors: Schilling Uta , Dingemanse Jasper , Voors‐Pette Christine , Romeijn Christel , Dogterom Peter , Ufer Mike 
Published: March 2020

In vitro studies have indicated that the P2Y12 receptor antagonist selatogrel is a substrate of organic anion‐transporting‐polypeptide (OATP)1B1 and OATP1B3 that are known to mediate hepatic uptake. Selatogrel is primarily eliminated via the biliary route. Therefore, the study aim was to investigate the effect of rifampin‐mediated OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 inhibition on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of selatogrel. This was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, two‐period, crossover study in 14 healthy subjects. In each period, a single subcutaneous dose of 4 mg selatogrel was administered, either immediately after a single intravenous 30 minutes infusion of 600 mg rifampin or after placebo. Plasma samples were collected for 36 hours and analyzed using a validated liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method. PK parameters of selatogrel were calculated using noncompartmental analysis. The effect of rifampin was explored based on geometric mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the concentration curve from zero to infinity (AUC0–∞) ratios and for time of maximum plasma concentration (Tmax) by Wilcoxon signed rank test. In addition, the safety and tolerability of the study treatments were evaluated. The geometric mean ratios of Cmax and AUC0–∞ were 1.19 (90% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–1.28) and 1.43 (90% CI 1.36–1.51), respectively, indicating a minor selatogrel exposure increase when administered after an infusion of rifampin compared with placebo. Rifampin administration did not affect terminal half‐life (t½) or Tmax of selatogrel. All study treatments were safe and well‐tolerated. A single dose of 600 mg rifampin, a potent OATP1B1/1B3 inhibitor, did not impact the PK of selatogrel to a clinically relevant extent suggesting that OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 transporters do not play a major role in the elimination of selatogrel.
Reimbursement Lag of New Drugs Under Taiwan's National Health Insurance System Compared With United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Japan, and South Korea
Authors: Shih Yi‐Ru , Liao Kai‐Hsin , Chen Yen‐Hui , Lin Fang‐Ju , Hsiao Fei‐Yuan 
Published: March 2020

Drug lag—delayed approval or reimbursement—is a major barrier to accessing cutting‐edge drugs. Unlike approval lag, reimbursement lag is under‐researched. We investigated the key determinants of reimbursement lag under Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI), and compared this lag with those in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Japan, and South Korea. Using retrospective data on 190 new NHI‐reimbursed drugs from 2007 to 2014, we studied reimbursement lag in Taiwan vs. other countries, and investigated associated factors using generalized linear models (GLMs). The median reimbursement lags during before (“first‐generation”) and after (“second‐generation”) NHI drug reimbursement scheme in Taiwan were 378 and 458 days, respectively. The “first‐generation” lag was shorter only than that in South Korea, whereas the “second‐generation” lag only exceeded those of the United Kingdom and Japan. In GLM models, higher drug expenditure and the introduction of the “second‐generation” NHI were two statistically significant parameters associated with reimbursement lag among antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents. For other drug classes, the reimbursement price proposed by pharmaceutical companies and use of price‐volume agreements were two statistically significant parameters associated with longer reimbursement lags. The current reimbursement lag in Taiwan is longer than 1 year, but only longer than those of the United Kingdom and Japan. The determinants differ between drug categories. A specific review process for antineoplastic and immunomodulating drugs may expedite reimbursement. There is a clear need for systematic data collection and analysis to ascertain factors associated with reimbursement lag and thereby inform future policy making.
Effectiveness of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors on ischaemic heart disease
Authors: Shen Yun , Zhou Jian , Shi Lizheng , Nauman Elizabeth , Katzmarzyk Peter T. , Price‐Haywood Eboni G. , Horswell Ronald , Chu San , Yang Shengping , Bazzano Alessandra N. , Nigam Somesh , Hu Gang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimTo compare the cardiovascular risks between users and non‐users of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT2) inhibitors based on electronic medical record data from a large integrated healthcare system in South Louisiana.Materials and methodsDemographic, anthropometric, laboratory and medication prescription information for patients with type 2 diabetes who were new users of SGLT2 inhibitors, either as initial treatments or as add‐on treatments, were obtained from electronic health records. Mediation analysis was performed to evaluate the association of use of SGLT2 inhibitors and changes of metabolic risk factors with the risk of incident ischaemic heart disease.ResultsA total of 5338 new users of SGLT2 inhibitors were matched with 13 821 non‐users. During a mean follow‐up of 3.26 years, 2302 incident cases of ischaemic heart disease were defined. After adjusting for multiple confounding factors, patients using SGLT2 inhibitors had a lower risk of incident ischaemic heart disease compared to patients not using SGLT2 inhibitors (hazard ratio [HR] 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54–0.73). Patients using SGLT2 inhibitors also had a lower risk of incident ischaemic heart disease within 6 months (HR 0.36, 95% CI 0.25–0.44), 12 months (HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.32–0.49), 24 months (HR 0.53, 95% CI 0.43–0.60) and 36 months (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.54–0.73), respectively. Reductions in systolic blood pressure partly mediated lowering risk of ischaemic heart disease among patients using SGLT2 inhibitors.ConclusionsThe real‐world data in the present study show the contribution of SGLT2 inhibitors to reducing risk of ischaemic heart disease, and their benefits beyond glucose‐lowering.
Impaired coronary microcirculation is associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in end‐stage chronic kidney disease patients
Authors: Papamichail Nikos , Bechlioulis Aris , Lakkas Lampros , Bougiakli Mara , Giannitsi Sophia , Gouva Chariklia , Katopodis Kostas , Michalis Lampros K. , Naka Katerina K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionCoronary vascular dysfunction, as assessed by coronary flow reserve (CFR) in the left anterior descending coronary artery, is found in various conditions including end‐stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). Currently, we investigated the associations of CFR with echocardiographic indices of systolic and diastolic cardiac function and identified independent predictors of CFR in hemodialysis patients.MethodsEnd‐stage CKD patients treated with hemodialysis (n = 29) without known cardiovascular disease were recruited from a Hemodialysis Unit in Northwestern Greece. A thorough echocardiographic evaluation including CFR measurement following dipyridamole infusion was performed in all participants. Arterial stiffness was assessed by measurement of carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity and aortic augmentation index.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 63 years, and mean duration of hemodialysis was 2.9 years. CFR was 1.60 ± 0.37 while dipyridamole caused a significant increase in E'sep, Slat, E'lat, and Stroke volume (P < .05 for all). Independent predictors of CFR were posterior wall thickness (B −0.408, P = .013) and dipyridamole‐induced changes in Tei index (B −0.425, P = .007). A severely decreased CFR < 1.5 was observed in 52% of the patients. E/E' ratio (B 10.84, P = .014) was the single independent predictor of severely decreased CFR.ConclusionsIn end‐stage CKD patients on hemodialysis without known cardiovascular disease, impaired coronary vascular function was prevalent and related to increased left ventricular wall thickness, increased filling pressures, and dipyridamole‐induced deteriorated myocardial function independently of the presence of wall‐motion abnormalities. Further studies are required to clarify the prognostic role of dipyridamole‐induced cardiac changes in hemodialysis patients.
First molecular detection of Lecanosticta acicola from Poland on Pinus mugo
Authors: Raitelaitytė Kristina , Markovskaja Svetlana , Paulauskas Algimantas , Hsiang Tom , Oszako Tomasz 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe presence of quarantine pathogen Lecanosticta acicola, the causal agent of brown spot needle blight, was confirmed using molecular methods for the first time in northern part of Poland on the coastal area adjacent to the Baltic Sea. This area includes sandy beaches, where Pinus mugo and P. sylvestris were planted. Symptomatic needles were collected in 2017 from 20 P. mugo trees growing in one stand in Ustka. Typical symptoms of brown spot needle blight infection, including dead needle tips and central zones with yellow or reddish brown, circular spots in green tissue, were observed on all samples. Only, the asexual stage of L. acicola was obtained during this work. The pathogen species identity was confirmed using classical morphological methods (microscopic examination of the infected needles), real‐time and species‐specific priming (SSPP) PCR, and ITS sequencing. Analysis of mating‐type (MAT) genes showed the presence of both mating types in northern Poland.
Predation risk shapes the degree of placentation in natural populations of live‐bearing fish
Authors: Hagmayer Andres , Furness Andrew I. , Reznick David N. , Dekker Myrthe L. , Pollux Bart J. A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe placenta is a complex life‐history trait that is ubiquitous across the tree of life. Theory proposes that the placenta evolves in response to high performance‐demanding conditions by shifting maternal investment from pre‐ to post‐fertilisation, thereby reducing a female’s reproductive burden during pregnancy. We test this hypothesis by studying populations of the fish species Poeciliopsis retropinna in Costa Rica. We found substantial variation in the degree of placentation among natural populations associated with predation risk: females from high predation populations had significantly higher degrees of placentation compared to low predation females, while number, size and quality of offspring at birth remained unaffected. Moreover, a higher degree of placentation correlated with a lower reproductive burden and hence likely an improved swimming performance during pregnancy. Our study advances an adaptive explanation for why the placenta evolves by arguing that an increased degree of placentation offers a selective advantage in high predation environments.
Platelet‐derived microvesicles promote endothelial progenitor cell proliferation in intimal injury by delivering TGF‐β1
Authors: Yan Jing , Bao Han , Fan Yang‐Jing , Jiang Zong‐Lai , Qi Ying‐Xin , Han Yue 
Published: March 2020

Intimal injury is an early stage of several cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a significant role in endothelial repair following vascular injury. Once the intima is damaged, EPCs are mobilized from the bone marrow to the injury site. Meanwhile, the injury to the intimal surface triggers platelet degranulation, aggregation, and adhesion to the damaged endothelium, and exposed collagen stimulates platelet to secrete platelet‐derived microvesicles (PMVs). However, the role of PMVs in EPC function during this process remains unknown. In an in vivo study, EPCs and platelets were found to adhere to the injury site in Sprague‐Dawley (SD) rat vascular injury model. In vitro, collagen stimulation induced the release of PMVs, and collagen‐activated PMVs (ac.PMVs) significantly promoted EPC proliferation. Transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) content was increased in ac.PMVs. Activated PMVs significantly upregulated Smad3 phosphorylation in EPCs and increased Smad3 nuclear translocation from the cytoplasm. TGF‐β1 knockdown ac.PMVs downregulated EPC proliferation. Recombinant TGF‐β1 enhanced EPC proliferation. The TGF‐β1 inhibitor SB431542 significantly repressed the intracellular signal triggered by ac.PMVs. Furthermore, the Smad3‐specific phosphorylation inhibitor SIS3 effectively reversed the cell proliferation induced by ac.PMVs. Smad3 translocated to the nucleus and enhanced EPC proliferation via its downstream genes tenascin C (TNC), CDKN1A, and CDKN2A. r‐TGF‐β1 promoted reendothelialization and EPC proliferation in vivo. Our data demonstrate that activated PMVs deliver TGF‐β1 from collagen‐activated platelets to EPCs, which in turn activates Smad3 phosphorylation and regulates TNC, CDKN1A, and CDKN2A expression to promote EPC proliferation, suggesting that PMVs act as a key transporter and a potential therapeutic target for vascular injury.
The effect of video‐mediated communication on father‐infant bonding and transition to fatherhood during and after Satogaeri Bunben
Authors: Furukawa Ryoko , Driessnack Martha , Kobori Eiko 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimsThe study aimed to explore the effect of video‐mediated communication on father‐infant bonding and transition to fatherhood during and after Satogaeri Bunben.BackgroundSatogaeri Bunben is a Japanese perinatal tradition that results in the pregnant wife and husband living apart, which may interfere with father‐infant bonding and transition to fatherhood.Design/MethodsA mixed‐methods study was conducted from July 2012 to November 2015. Participants were divided into two groups (Treatment/Control). Quantitative data included Taiji kanjyo Hyotei Syakudo (TKHS) , communication methods, husband's visitation records and video‐mediated communication records and satisfaction of video‐mediated communication experience. Qualitative data included participants' journal entries about their experience and feelings toward their infants during Satogaeri Bunben.ResultsFourteen treatment and thirteen control dyads/couples participated in the study. There were significant differences between groups in the frequency of fathers' visitation during Satogaeri Bunben, as well as on the THKS between groups in cross‐sectional analysis and in treatment group in longitudinal analysis. Fathers' journal entries revealed the use of video‐mediated communication in both groups, specifically commenting about these experiences and the impact of additional visual cues when communicating.ConclusionVideo‐mediated communication provides a sense of virtual co‐presence, which may help support father‐infant bonding and transition to fatherhood; however, it does not completely substitute for face‐to‐face interaction.
Interventions and strategies to prevent catheter‐associated urinary tract infections with short‐term indwelling urinary catheters in hospitalized patients: An integrative review
Authors: Yu Shuhui , Marshall Andrea P. , Li Jing , Lin Frances 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimTo explore interventions and strategies to prevent catheter‐associated urinary tract infections in hospitalized patients with a short‐term indwelling urinary catheter.BackgroundInterventions and strategies to prevent catheter‐associated urinary tract infections are reported in the literature, but it is not clear which might be relevant when the indwelling urinary catheter is in place for a short period of time.MethodsAn integrative review was performed. A search was undertaken in databases using the following search terms: “urinary catheter, bladder catheter OR urethral catheter*”and “bundl* OR care OR manag* OR intervent*.” Electronic databases were searched up until June 2019. Manual searching of reference lists of included studies was undertaken. Twelve studies reported in 15 articles were identified and analysed by two independent reviewers.ResultsMultifaceted interventions were informed by evidence‐based protocols or guidelines. Implementation strategies included local adaption of guidelines or protocols, use of an opinion leader, audit and feedback, multidisciplinary team involvement, reminders and stop orders, and education and training.ConclusionMultifaceted, evidence‐based interventions to prevent catheter‐associated urinary tract infections are effective in preventing infections in patients with short‐term urinary catheters. However, there is little evidence to inform which combined strategies are more likely to be effective.
Up‐regulation of LIMK1 expression in prostate cancer is correlated with poor pathological features, lymph node metastases and biochemical recurrence
Authors: Huang Jin‐Bei , Wu Yu‐Peng , Lin Yun‐Zhi , Cai Hai , Chen Shao‐Hao , Sun Xiong‐Lin , Li Xiao‐Dong , Wei Yong , Zheng Qing‐Shui , Xu Ning , Xue Xue‐Yi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to explore the association between LIM domain kinase 1 (LIMK1) expression in prostate cancer (PCa) tissues with advanced pathological features, lymph node metastases and biochemical recurrence. A total of 279 PCa specimens from patients who underwent radical prostatectomy and 50 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) specimens were collected to construct tissue microarray, which were subjected to immunohistochemical staining for LIMK1 expression subsequently. Logistic and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between LIMK1 expression and clinicopathological features of patients with PCa. Immunohistochemical staining assay demonstrated that LIMK1 expression was significantly higher in PCa than BPH specimens (77.1% vs 26.0%; P < .001). LIMK1 expression was significantly higher in positive lymph node specimens than corresponding PCa specimens (P = .002; P < .001). Up‐regulation of LIMK1 was associated with prostate volume, prostate‐specific antigen, prostate‐specific antigen density, Gleason score, T stage, lymph node metastases, extracapsular extension and seminal vesicle invasion, and positive surgical margin. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that LIMK1 was an independent risk factor for PCa lymph node metastasis (P < .05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the up‐regulation of LIMK1 was an independent risk factor for biochemical recurrence. Kaplan‐Meier analysis indicated that up‐regulation LIMK1 was associated with shortened biochemical‐free survival (BFS) after radical prostatectomy (P < .001). In conclusion, LIMK1 was significantly up‐regulated in PCa and positive lymph node specimens and correlated with lymph node metastasis and shortened BFS of PCa. The underlying molecular mechanism of LIMK1 in PCa should be further evaluated.