bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective study of placental growth factor in twin pregnancy and development of a dichorionic twin pregnancy specific reference range
Authors: Hayes‐Ryan D , Meaney S , Fitzgerald AP , O’Mahony E , Normile C , Kenny LC , O’Donoghue K 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveTo develop a dichorionic twin pregnancy specific reference range for placental growth factor (PlGF), and to compare gestation‐specific placental growth factor levels in twin pregnancies later complicated by pre‐eclampsia, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy or fetal growth restriction with control pregnancies.DesignProspective observational study.SettingSingle large tertiary maternity unit in Ireland.Population or SampleWomen with a twin pregnancy.MethodsConsenting pregnant women, across a variety of gestations, had a single blood sample taken at one time‐point only during their pregnancy. The plasma was initially biobanked and PlGF was measured later in batches using the point of care Triage® PlGF test.Main outcome measuresDevelopment of pre‐eclampsia, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy or fetal growth restriction.ResultsPlacental growth factor levels in uncomplicated dichorionic twin pregnancies were significantly lower in the women who later developed pre‐eclampsia than in the controls at all gestational intervals. In those that later developed any hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, median PlGF was lower only in those recruited before 24 weeks of gestation, whereas in infants with a customised birthweight below the third centile, PlGF was lower only in those sampled after 24 weeks of gestation.ConclusionsPlacental growth factor levels in twin pregnancy differ significantly between those women with a pregnancy that will later be complicated by pre‐eclampsia and those that will not. This difference is present many weeks before clinical signs or symptoms of disease are present. Using cross‐sectional values from uncomplicated twin pregnancies, we have developed a dichorionic twin pregnancy specific reference range for PlGF.Tweetable AbstractPlacental growth factor levels in twin pregnancy differ significantly between women that will later develop pre‐eclampsia and those that will not.
Association between pill burden and interdialytic weight gain in patients with hemodialysis: A multi‐center cross‐sectional study
Authors: Murasawa Masaru , Uehara Atsuko , Suzuki Tomo , Shimizu Sayaka , Kojima Shigeki , Uchida Daisuke , Okamoto Takeshi , Naganuma Toru , Sasaki Sho , Imai Naohiko , Chikaraishi Akihiro , Matsukawa Shigeaki , Kawarazaki Hiroo , Sakurada Tsutomu , Shibagaki Yugo 
Published: September 2020

AbstractHigh daily pill burden affects quality of life and mortality. High interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) is associated with increased mortality. We examined the association between pill burden and IDWG in hemodialysis patients. This cross‐sectional study was conducted in six dialysis centers in Japan in June 2017. The exposure was the number of daily tablets, and outcome was defined as 1 day of relative IDWG divided by post‐dialysis weight from the previous session. Among 188 outpatients (mean age, 68.7 [SD, 10.3] years; men, 67.0%; median dialysis vintage, 76.0 [interquartile range, 36.5, 131.5] months), the mean number of daily tablets was 19.7 ± 9.9, and mean relative weight gain was 3.5 ± 1.2%. Multiple linear regression analysis showed a regression coefficient of 0.021 (95% confidence interval: 0.004‐0.039), indicating that one additional tablet prescription increased the IDWG by 0.021%. In hemodialysis patients, the daily pill burden was a significant, independent risk for increased relative IDWG.
Neonatal respiratory distress produced by a nasopharyngeal glioma with a persistent craniopharyngeal canal
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Pujari Vishnu S , Munshi Mihir , Hastak Meenal S 
Published: September 2020

SummaryNasopharyngeal gliomas are congenital masses of heterotopic glial tissue. Our case report describes an infant with respiratory distress produced by a nasopharyngeal glioma with a persistent craniopharyngeal canal (CPC). The identification of CPC is important for medical and surgical management of possible pituitary dysfunction and preventing operative and post‐operative complications.
Three dimensional texture analysis of noncontrast chest CT in differentiating solitary solid lung squamous cell carcinoma from adenocarcinoma and correlation to immunohistochemical markers
Authors: Han Rui , Arjal Roshan , Dong Jin , Jiang Hong , Liu Huan , Zhang Dongyou , Huang Lu 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to investigate 3D texture analysis (3D‐TA) in noncontrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) (NCECT) to differentiate squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from adenocarcinoma (AC), and the correlation with immunohistochemical markers.MethodsA total of 70 patients confirmed with SCC (n = 29) and AC (n = 41) were enrolled in this retrospective study. 3D‐TA was utilized to calculate TA parameters of all the tumor lesions based on NCECT images, and all the patients were divided into the training and the test groups. The TA parameters were selected by dimensionality reduction, and the model was established to differentiate SCC from AC according to the training group. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the model in both the training and the test groups. Spearman correlation were used to assess the correlation between the selected feature parameters and immunohistochemical markers (P63, P40, and TTF‐1).ResultsFive TA parameters, including volume count, relative deviation, Haralick correlation, gray‐level nonuniformity and run length nonuniformity, were obtained to differentiate SCC from AC by multistep dimensionality reduction. The new model combined with all five TA parameters yielded a high diagnostic performance to differentiate SCC from AC (AUC 0.803) in test group, with a specificity of 89% and a sensitivity of 77%. There was weak correlation between the five texture feature parameters and P63 as well as P40 in all patients (P < 0.05), respectively.ConclusionsThe model including five TA parameters on NECT has a good diagnostic performance in differentiating SCC from AC.Key points• Significant findings of the studyThe model created by five selected textural feature parameters can differentiate solid SCC from AC without contrast media. The selected five texture feature parameters are correlated to the immunohistochemical markers P63 and P40.• What this study addsThe textural feature parameters' model can identify SCC from AC without contrast media.
Ethanol‐Impaired Myogenic Differentiation is Associated With Decreased Myoblast Glycolytic Function
Authors: Levitt Danielle E. , Chalapati Naveena , Prendergast Matthew J. , Simon Liz , Molina Patricia E. 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundMyopathy affects nearly half of individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD), and impaired skeletal muscle regenerative potential is a probable contributing factor. Previous findings from our laboratory indicate that chronic in vivo and in vitro ethanol (EtOH) treatment decreases myogenic potential of skeletal muscle myoblasts. Myogenesis, a highly coordinated process, requires shifts in cellular metabolic state allowing for myoblasts to proliferate and differentiate into mature myotubes. The objective of this study was to determine whether alcohol interferes with myoblast mitochondrial and glycolytic metabolism and impairs myogenic differentiation.MethodsMyoblasts were isolated from vastus lateralis muscle excised from alcohol‐naïve adult male (n = 5) and female (n = 5) rhesus macaques. Myoblasts were proliferated for 3 days (day 0 differentiation; D0) and differentiated for 5 days (D5) with or without 50 mM EtOH. Metabolism was assessed using a mitochondrial stress test to measure oxygen consumption (OCR) and extracellular acidification (ECAR) rates at D0. Differentiation was examined at D5. Expression of mitochondrial and glycolytic genes and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was measured at D0 and D5.ResultsEthanol significantly (p < 0.05) increased myoblast maximal OCR and decreased ECAR at D0, and decreased fusion index, myotubes per field, and total nuclei at D5. The EtOH‐induced decrease in ECAR was associated with the EtOH‐mediated decreases in fusion index and myotubes per field. EtOH did not alter the decrease in glycolytic gene expression and increase in mtDNA from D0 to D5.ConclusionDuring myoblast proliferation, EtOH decreased glycolytic metabolism and increased maximal OCR, suggesting that myoblast metabolic phenotype was dysregulated with EtOH. The EtOH‐induced decrease in ECAR was associated with decreased differentiation. These findings suggest that EtOH‐mediated shifts in metabolic phenotype may underlie impaired differentiation, which has important clinical implications for myogenesis in those affected by alcoholic myopathy.
COX‐2 Inhibition Antagonizes Intra‐Accumbens 2‐Arachidonoylglycerol–Mediated Reduction in Ethanol Self‐Administration in Rats
Authors: Pavon Francisco J. , Polis Ilham , Stouffer David G. , Roberto Marisa , Martin‐Fardon Rémi , Rodriguez de Fonseca Fernando , Parsons Loren H. , Serrano Antonia 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundEthanol (EtOH) self‐administration is particularly sensitive to the modulation of CB1signaling in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell, and EtOH consumption increases extracellular levels of the endogenous cannabinoid CB1receptor agonist 2‐arachidonoyl glycerol (2‐AG) in this brain region. Stimulation of CB1receptor with agonists increases EtOH consumption, suggesting that EtOH‐induced increases in 2‐AG might sustain motivation for EtOH intake.MethodsIn order to further explore this hypothesis, we analyzed the alterations in operant EtOH self‐administration induced by intra‐NAc shell infusions of 2‐AG itself, the CB1inverse agonist SR141716A, the 2‐AG clearance inhibitor URB602, anandamide, and the cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) inhibitor nimesulide.ResultsSurprisingly, self‐administration of 10% EtOH was dose‐dependently reduced by either intra‐NAc shell SR141716A or 2‐AG infusions. Similar effects were found by intra‐NAc shell infusions of URB602, suggesting again a role for accumbal 2‐AG on the modulation of EtOH intake. Intra‐NAc shell anandamide did not alter EtOH self‐administration, pointing to a specific role for 2‐AG in the modulation of EtOH self‐administration. Finally, the inhibitory effect of intra‐NAc shell 2‐AG on EtOH intake was significantly reversed by pretreatment with nimesulide, suggesting that oxidative metabolites of 2‐AG might mediate these inhibitory effects on operant self‐administration.ConclusionsWe propose that 2‐AG signaling in the NAc exerts an inhibitory influence on EtOH consumption through a non–CB1 receptor mechanism involving the COX‐2 pathway.
Morphologic alterations of the genital mesentery implicated in testis non‐descent in rats prenatally exposed to flutamide
Authors: Mentessidou Anastasia , Salakos Christos , Chrousos George , Kanaka‐Gantenbein Christina , Kostakis Alkiviadis , Mirilas Petros 
Published: September 2020

AbstractBackgroundThere is an endless debate on whether androgens mediate testis descent through developmental changes in the gubernacular or the cranial suspensory ligament.ObjectiveTo investigate the relation of any possible morphologic changes in the genital mesentery, that is, the system of genital peritoneal folds including the gubernacular and cranial suspensory ligaments, with the event of testis non‐descent in rats prenatally exposed to the antiandrogen flutamide.Materials and methodsTime‐pregnant Sprague Dawley rats received flutamide (100 mg/kg/d) or vehicle subcutaneously on gestational days 16‐17. Flutamide‐treated male offspring (n = 67), and vehicle‐treated male (n = 34) and female (n = 28) offspring were surgically explored under microscope on postnatal day 50. Testicular position was examined bilaterally. Dimensions of genital mesentery parts were also assessed bilaterally. Association of flutamide‐induced morphologic changes with descended (n = 61) and undescended (n = 50; 33 cryptorchid and 17 ectopic) testes was investigated with logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe male genital mesentery comprised a cranial and a caudal fold converging on the vas deferens. Flutamide resulted in enlarged cranial and reduced caudal folds. Of all flutamide‐induced alterations, the increased length of the posterior fixation of the cranial fold and the decreased length of the gubernacular ligament of the caudal fold were found to independently increase the odds of testis non‐descent. Testicular ectopy, unlike cryptorchidism, was associated with a short gubernacular ligament only. The female genital mesentery consisted of a cranial fold only.ConclusionOur findings showed a combined contribution of both cranial and caudal folds of the genital mesentery to testis non‐descent, through an abnormally long mesentery root and an abnormally short gubernacular ligament, respectively. Inhibition of male‐specific development of the genital mesentery with flutamide did not result in a feminized architecture.
Using Messages Targeting Psychological versus Physical Health Benefits to Promote Walking Behaviour: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Caso Daniela , Carfora Valentina , Capasso Miriam , Oliano Deborah , Conner Mark 
Published: September 2020

BackgroundThis study aimed to test the efficacy of a messaging intervention targeting psychological or physical benefits plus goal setting and self‐monitoring strategies to promote walking activity in the university context.MethodsTwo hundred and thirty university students from the University of Naples Federico II were randomly allocated to one of four conditions: physical health messages + self‐monitoring, psychological health (well‐being) messages + self‐monitoring, self‐monitoring, and no messages. All three intervention conditions were exposed to goal setting (doing at least 7,000 steps a day) and participants were required to monitor their daily progress through the specific step counting app. Participants’ walking activity and related psychological variables were assessed at T1 and T2. We ran ANCOVAs and mediation analysis to test our research questions and hypotheses. Analyses were based on theN = 156 who completed all measures at both time points.ResultsParticipants in the three experimental (message) conditions reported improvement in psychological variables and behaviour. In particular, the messages focused on the physical health benefits, combined with self‐monitoring, were the most effective.ConclusionsOur study provides new information on the factors that could be usefully targeted to promote walking activity (i.e. intention, past behaviour, action control, and persuasive messages on the physical benefits of walking).
Beyond rebranding from international to global? Lessons from geographies of global health for global development
Authors: Horner Rory 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWith the potential for a major geographic shift from international to global development as paradigm for development studies and practice, this paper seeks to draw lessons from the closely related field of health as to what a shift from “international” to “global” may involve. In both fields, an earlier “international” framing emerges from a state‐dominated system which, although it superseded prior colonial origins, is outdated vis‐à‐vis an ability to fully reflect the contemporary range of actors and problems in a more interdependent context. Little agreement is present over the definition of global health, where the “global” is deployed in multiple ways and often involving only a modest shift in geographical imaginary from international health. The case highlights the potential of such an “international” to “global” shift being a 21st‐century rebranding, which captures some aspects of change but remains a partial perspective on present challenges that are global in scope. It is concluded that the shift from “international” to “global” in development must go beyond rebranding to address a wider range of 21st‐century development challenges.
Liraglutide treatment improves endothelial function in the Ldlr−/− mouse model of atherosclerosis and affects genes involved in vascular remodelling and inflammation
Authors: Bjørnholm Katrine Dahl , Skovsted Gry Freja , Mitgaard‐Thomsen Anne , Rakipovski Günaj , Tveden‐Nyborg Pernille , Lykkesfeldt Jens , Povlsen Gro Klitgaard 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRecent clinical intervention studies have shown that the GLP1 analogue liraglutide lowers cardiovascular risk, but the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated. This study investigated the effects of liraglutide on endothelial function in the Ldlr−/− mouse model. Mice (n = 12/group) were fed Western diet (WD) or chow for 12 weeks followed by 4 weeks of treatment with liraglutide (1 mg/kg/day) or vehicle subcutaneously. Weight loss, blood lipid content, plaque burden, vasomotor function of the aorta and gene expression pattern in aorta and brachiocephalic artery were monitored. Liraglutide treatment significantly induced weight loss (P < .0001), decreased blood triglycerides (P < .0001) and total cholesterol (P < .0001) in WD‐fed mice but did not decrease plaque burden. Liraglutide also improved endothelium‐mediated dilation of the distal thoracis aorta (P = .0067), but it did not affect phenylephrine or sodium nitroprusside responses. Fluidigm analyses of 96 genes showed significantly altered expression of seven genes related to inflammation, vascular smooth muscle cells and extracellular matrix composition in liraglutide‐treated animals. We conclude that treatment with liraglutide decreased endothelial dysfunction and that this could be linked to decreased inflammation or regulation of vascular remodelling.
Maternal waterpipe tobacco smoke exposure during lactation induces hormonal and biochemical changes in rat dams and offspring
Authors: Al‐Sawalha Nour A. , Gaugazeh Hasanh T. , Alzoubi Karem H. , Khabour Omar F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWaterpipe smoking is common among pregnant and breastfeeding women. Herein, the effects of waterpipe tobacco smoke (WTS) exposure during lactation on milk composition, hormonal levels and biochemical profile in dams and pups were investigated. Lactating Wistar rats were randomly assigned to receive either WTS (2 hours per day) or fresh air (control group). Milk was collected on day 21 and analysed for protein, lactose and total fat. Blood, from dams and pups, was analysed for insulin, glucose, lipid profile, leptin, prolactin and corticosterone. WTS exposure during lactation increased the blood level of HDL and corticosterone in dams (P < .05). However, the level of milk lactose and blood glucose was reduced in dams after the exposure to WTS during lactation (P < .05). WTS during lactation significantly increased levels of triglycerides, LDL and leptin (P < .05), and a trend of increase in blood level of nicotine and prolactin in pups. Levels of other parameters were not affected by WTS exposure in dams and pups. In conclusion, WTS exposure during lactation altered the milk composition and altered lipid profile, glucose homeostasis and hormonal levels in dams and pups. It is necessary to adopt strategies to enhance tobacco cessation during breastfeeding.
Phase II trial of single‐agent panobinostat consolidation improves responses after sub‐optimal transplant outcomes in multiple myeloma
Authors: Mithraprabhu Sridurga , Kalff Anna , Gartlan Kate H. , Savvidou Ioanna , Khong Tiffany , Ramachandran Malarmathy , Cooke Rachel E. , Bowen Kathryn , Hill Geoffrey R. , Reynolds John , Spencer Andrew 
Published: September 2020

SummaryPanobinostat is a pan‐deacetylase inhibitor that modulates the expression of oncogenic and immune‐mediating genes involved in tumour cell growth and survival. We evaluated panobinostat‐induced post‐transplant responses and identified correlative biomarkers in patients with multiple myeloma who had failed to achieve a complete response after autologous transplantation. Patients received panobinostat 45 mg administered three‐times weekly (TIW) on alternate weeks of 28‐day cycles commencing 8–12 weeks post‐transplant. Twelve of 25 patients (48%) improved their depth of response after a median (range) of 4·3 (1·9–9·7) months of panobinostat. In responders, T‐lymphocyte histone acetylation increased after both three cycles (P < 0·05) and six cycles (P < 0·01) of panobinostat when compared to baseline, with no differences in non‐responders. The reduction in the proportion of CD127+CD8+ T cells and CD4:CD8 ratio was significantly greater, after three and six cycles of panobinostat compared to pre‐transplant, in non‐responders when compared to responders. Whole marrow RNA‐seq revealed widespread transcriptional changes only in responders with baseline differences in genes involved in ribosome biogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation and metabolic pathways. This study confirmed the efficacy of panobinostat as a single agent in multiple myeloma and established acetylation of lymphocyte histones, modulation of immune subsets and transcriptional changes as pharmacodynamic biomarkers of clinical benefit.
lncRNA PART1 and MIR17HG as ΔNp63α direct targets regulate tumor progression of cervical squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Hanyuan , Zhu Chenchen , Xu Zhihao , Wang Juan , Qian Lili , Zhou Qingqing , Shen Zhen , Zhao Weidong , Xiao Weihua , Chen Liang , Zhou Ying 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCervical cancer (CC) remains one of the leading causes of mortality of female cancers worldwide, with more than 90% being cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). ΔNp63α is the predominant isoform expressed in cervical epithelial tissues and exerts its antitumor function in CSCC. In this study, we have identified 39 long noncoding RNAs as ΔNp63α targets in CSCC through RNA sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, in which we further confirmed and focused on the two tumor‐related long noncoding RNAs, PART1 (lncPART1) and MIR17HG (lncMIR17HG). Experiments from stable overexpression/knockdown cell lines revealed that lncPART1 and lncMIR17HG regulated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In vivo experiments further showed that lncPART1 suppresses tumor growth in CSCC‐derived tumors. Examinations of clinical tissues indicated that the expression of lncPART1 was positively correlated with ΔNp63α expression, while lncMIR17HG was negatively correlated with ΔNp63α expression, suggesting that ΔNp63α plays a central role via regulating its direct targets in the progression of CSCC. These findings provide novel insights in targeted therapy of cervical cancers.