bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platform Urbanism, Creativity, and the New Educational Futurism
Authors: Means Alexander J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractThis essay examines speculative narratives reflective of Silicon Valley and corporate technology culture that project creative scenarios and sociotechnical futures for cities and citizens, whereby learning and creativity become global imperatives to defer future risk within a new digital urbanism. Taking inspiration from Fredric Jameson's transhistorical dialectics, Alexander J. Means assembles a cognitive map of emerging sociotechnical projections of urbanity and education through three frames — solutionism, collaborationism, and techno‐realism — linking each to specific conceptualizations of creativity and learning. Means argues that these projections are subsumed within an ontology of the present, and they therefore fail to index the complexities that drive historical and technological change, particularly the deep structure of power and conflict immanent to late capitalism as a world‐historical system. Such an ontology is ultimately rooted in imaginative displacement, a futurism without futurity, where time is rendered a static feedback loop of present systems and processes.
The Rise of the Creative Underclass
Authors: Denmead Tyler 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this article, Tyler Denmead draws upon critical race theory to argue that the creative city discourse reproduces racial injustice for youth. In particular, the creative city invests in the property rights and profitability of whiteness by inscribing creative superiority on the bodies of young people who are more likely to be privileged by virtue of their race and class. Through evidence collected by both autoethnographic and ethnographic methods, Denmead discusses how his history as an arts educator has been entangled in the manifestation of this racist reconfiguration of urban space in one particular American city, Providence, Rhode Island. He discovered that the racial dynamics of the creative city discourse have productive power over how young people construct their identities and make life choices in this city and, further, that those dynamics operate in and through artist partnerships between those positioned as creatives and those positioned as troubled youth. As a result, Denmead argues that white arts educators, in particular, must disinvest themselves from notions of creativity that enhance the profitability and power of whiteness. This move requires advocating ceding land and resources that have been acquired through the creative city discourse and committing to reframing culture‐led urban renewal in terms of the economic and creative flourishing of communities of color.
Unforgetting Place in Urban Education through Creative Participatory Visual Methods
Authors: Tuck Eve , Habtom Sefanit 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIn this article, Eve Tuck and Sefanit Habtom first consider the consequences of the erasure of the importance of place in the field of urban education and then describe a new youth participatory action research project in Toronto called Making Sense of Movements (MSOM). MSOM is a youth participatory visual research project that engages Black and Indigenous youth in thinking about the influence of social movements such as Black Lives Matter and Idle No More in their relationships to Toronto as a place, and also in their postsecondary planning.
Transfusion strategies in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Liu Patricia , Hum Justine , Jou Janice , Scanlan Richard M. , Shatzel Joseph 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBleeding related to portal hypertension and coagulopathy is a common complication in patients with cirrhosis. Complications and management of bleeding is a significant source of healthcare cost and utilization, as well as morbidity and mortality. Due to the scarcity of evidence surrounding transfusion strategies and hemostatic interventions in patients with cirrhosis, there has been significant debate regarding the best practice. Emerging data suggest that evidence supporting transfusion of packed red blood cells to a hemoglobin threshold of 7‐8 g/dL is strong. thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonists have shown promise in increasing platelet levels and reducing transfusions preprocedurally, although have not specifically been found to reduce bleeding risk. Data for viscoelastic testing (VET)‐guided transfusions appear favorable for reducing blood transfusion requirements prior to minor procedures and during orthotopic liver transplantation. Hemostatic agents such as recombinant factor VIIa, prothrombin complex concentrates, and tranexamic acid have been examined but their role in cirrhotic patients is unclear. Other areas of growing interest include balanced ratio and whole blood transfusion. In the following manuscript, we summarize the most up to date evidence for threshold‐guided, VET‐guided, balanced‐ratio, and whole blood transfusions as well as the use of hemostatic agents in cirrhotic patients to provide practice guidance to clinicians.
The effects of early life adversity on growth, maturation, and steroid hormones in male and female rats
Authors: Eck Samantha R. , Ardekani Cory S. , Salvatore Madeleine , Luz Sandra , Kim Eric D. , Rogers Charleanne M. , Hall Arron , Lee Demetrius E. , Famularo Sydney T. , Bhatnagar Seema , Bangasser Debra A. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractEarly life adversity is a risk factor for psychiatric disorders, yet the mechanisms by which adversity increases this risk are still being delineated. Here, we used a limited bedding and nesting (LBN) manipulation in rats that models a low resource environment to examine effects on growth, developmental milestones, and endocrine endpoints. In LBN, dams and pups, from pups’ postnatal days 2–9, are exposed to an environment where dams lack proper materials to build a nest. This manipulation is compared to control housing conditions, where rat dams have access to ample nesting materials and enrichment throughout pups’ development. We found that the LBN condition altered maternal care, increasing pup‐directed behaviors while reducing self‐care. This, perhaps compensatory, increase in nursing and attention to pups did not mitigate against changes in metabolism, as LBN reduced weight gain in both sexes and this effect persisted into adulthood. Although adult stress hormone levels in both sexes and vaginal opening and estrous cycle length in females were not disrupted, there was other evidence of endocrine dysregulation. Compared to controls, LBN rats of both sexes had shortened anogenital distances, indicating reduced androgen exposure. LBN males also had higher plasma estradiol levels in adulthood. This combination of results suggests that LBN causes a demasculinizing effect in males that could contribute to lasting changes in the brain and behavior. Importantly, alterations in metabolic and endocrine systems due to early life adversity could be one mechanism by which stress early in life increases risk for later disease.
Effect of genetic liability to migraine on coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Daghlas I. , Guo Y. , Chasman D. I. 
Published: October 2019

Background and purposeObservational studies have implicated migraine as a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and atrial fibrillation (AF); however, it is unclear whether migraine is causal in this relationship. Potential causality between genetically instrumented liability to migraine and cardiovascular disease outcomes was investigated using two‐sample Mendelian randomization.MethodsThe exposure comprised 35 independent, genome‐wide significant genetic variants identified in the largest published genome‐wide association study of migraine (Ncases = 59 674/Ncontrols = 316 078). The outcome datasets included genome‐wide association studies of CAD (76 014/264 785), myocardial infarction (43 676/128 199), angina (10 618/326 065) and AF (60 620/970 216). Mendelian randomization estimates were calculated using inverse‐variance weighted regression, and were further assessed with conventional Mendelian randomization sensitivity analyses.ResultsEvidence was found for a protective effect of migraine liability on CAD (odds ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.76–0.96, P = 0.003), myocardial infarction (0.86, 0.74–0.96, P = 0.01) and angina (0.86, 0.75–0.99, P = 0.04), but not on AF (1.00, 0.95–1.05, P = 0.88). Analyses by migraine subtype showed an effect of liability to migraine without aura on CAD risk (0.91, 0.84–0.99, P = 0.014), but not of migraine with aura (1.00, 0.97–1.03, P = 0.89). Sensitivity analyses indicated minimal bias by horizontal pleiotropy, outliers, reverse causality or sample overlap.ConclusionsA potentially protective effect of genetically instrumented liability to migraine on CAD risk was identified. Mechanistic research investigating this link is warranted.
Traumatic injury to the parotid salivary gland or duct and the subsequent development of ipsilateral severe peripheral dental caries in two horses
Authors: Jackson K. , McConnell E. , Kelty E. , Tennant M. 
Published: October 2019

SummaryThis report describes two cases of unilateral traumatic injury to the parotid salivary gland or duct and the subsequent development of severe ipsilateral peripheral dental caries. Ultrasonographic examination of the parotid salivary gland and duct was indicative of parotid glandular atrophy in one case and demonstrated parotid duct obstruction in the second case. To the authors’ knowledge, the effects of the loss of function of the parotid salivary gland on the horse's dentition has not been documented and should be considered as a potential side effect of surgical ablation of the parotid salivary gland.
Safety and efficacy of lenvatinib in elderly patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter analysis with propensity score matching
Authors: Tada Toshifumi , Kumada Takashi , Hiraoka Atsushi , Michitaka Kojiro , Atsukawa Masanori , Hirooka Masashi , Tsuji Kunihiko , Ishikawa Toru , Takaguchi Koichi , Kariyama Kazuya , Itobayashi Ei , Tajiri Kazuto , Shimada Noritomo , Shibata Hiroshi , Ochi Hironori , Toyoda Hidenori , Nouso Kazuhiro , Tsutsui Akemi , Nagano Takuya , Itokawa Norio , Hayama Korenobu , Imai Michitaka , Joko Kouji , Koizumi Yohei , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: October 2019

AimLenvatinib has become available as first‐line therapy for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the safety and efficacy of lenvatinib in elderly patients with HCC has not been sufficiently investigated. We compared the frequency of adverse events and prognosis between elderly and non‐elderly patients with HCC who received lenvatinib.MethodsA total of 100 patients with HCC who received lenvatinib were selected using propensity score matching: 50 patients were elderly (age ≥75 years) and 50 patients were non‐elderly.ResultsIn the elderly group, >20% of patients experienced fatigue (36.0%), decreased appetite (26.0%), hypothyroidism (24.0%), proteinuria (22.0%), palmar‐plantar erythrodysesthesia (22.0%), and hypertension (20.0%) of any grade as treatment‐related adverse events. In addition, >10% of patients experienced grade ≥3 treatment‐related fatigue (12.0%). In the non‐elderly group, >20% of patients experienced palmar‐plantar erythrodysesthesia (42.0%), fatigue (28.0%), decreased appetite (22.0%), and diarrhea (20.0%) of any grade as treatment‐related adverse events. In addition, >10% of patients experienced grade ≥3 treatment‐related proteinuria (10.0%). There were no significant differences between the elderly and non‐elderly groups in the frequency of adverse events. Regarding overall and progression‐free survival, there were no significant differences between the elderly and non‐elderly groups (hazard ratio 0.972, 95% confidence interval 0.374–2.529; and hazard ratio 1.362, 95% confidence interval 0.687–2.700, respectively). Palmar‐plantar erythrodysesthesia (hazard ratio 0.117, 95% confidence interval 0.015–0.916) was independently associated with overall survival in a multivariate analysis.ConclusionsLenvatinib can be used safely and efficaciously regardless of age in patients with HCC.
Providing palliative care closer to home: a retrospective analysis from a remote Australian hospital
Authors: Watson Benjamin J. , Budd Richard , Waran Eswaran , Scott Ian , Quilty Simon 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundRural and remote patients have reduced access to palliative care, often resulting in inter‐hospital transfers and death a long way from home and family. Katherine Hospital (KH), a 50‐bed hospital services a population with high Aboriginality who experience this issue.AimsTo characterise trends in mortality and transfers at a remote hospital in reference to increasing capacity to provide palliative care.MethodsRetrospective analysis of deaths in patients over 18 years of age, admitted between 2008 and 2018 at KH, Northern Territory. Outcome measures include number of deaths, aeromedical transfers to tertiary facility, palliative care episodes, demographics including Aboriginality, admission data and comorbidity. Statistical analysis included unpaired t‐test, chi‐square test and regression analysis.ResultsThe number of deaths in KH increased from 23 (0.88% of inpatient admissions) in 2011 to 52 in 2018 (1.7%). During the same period, the proportion of all deaths classified as palliative increased from 51.4 to 66.0% (P = 0.001), with fewer deaths occurring in the emergency department (17.2–1.4% for the last 3 years, R = 0.75, P = 0.008). The number of aeromedical transfers of patients from KH to tertiary centres decreased from 769 (10.4% of all admissions) in 2011 to 434 (3.4%) in 2018 (P = 0.006).ConclusionsIncreasing the capacity of a remote hospital to provide palliative care allowed more patients to die closer to home and decreased inappropriate aeromedical retrievals. An increased in‐hospital mortality rate should not be misinterpreted as reflecting suboptimal care if palliative intent, patients' wishes and non‐clinical risk factors have not been ascertained.
Decreasing the problematic use of an information system: An empirical investigation of smartphone game players
Authors: Chen Chongyang , Zhang Kem Z.K. , Gong Xiang , Lee Matthew K.O. , Wang Yaoyu 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBased on protection motivation theory, this study aims to identify factors that influence the intention to decrease problematic smartphone game use, including the effects of a gaming habit and subjective norms. The research model is tested with a scenario‐based survey method. Players' perceived threat refers to the negative consequences (eg, reduced performance or social isolation) that are caused by problematic smartphone game use. The findings indicate that under high fear appeals, threat appraisal creates fearful emotions about suffering from the negative consequences, which further reduces the gaming habit and activates the intention to decrease use. Self‐efficacy in decreasing game playing, the response efficacy of decreasing usage in avoiding the threat and subjective norms effectively promote users' intention to decrease use. Moreover, response costs reduce the intention to decrease use. The findings provide insights into how to activate users' intention to decrease problematic use, and the resulting implications are discussed.
Use of concentrate growth factors gel or membrane in chronic wound healing: Description of 18 cases
Authors: Kao Chao‐Hsing 
Published: October 2019

AbstractTreating chronic skin wounds in patients with diabetes, bed sores, or stasis dermatitis is typically a time‐consuming and costly process, and the outcome is not always promising. Concentrated growth factor (CGF) obtained from the autologous venous blood of patients via fractional centrifugation is employed for producing a CGF gel or membrane that can be applied to expedite self‐regeneration of skin wounds. In this case report, we presented the results from 18 patients with chronic skin wounds treated with a CGF gel or membrane produced from autologous venous blood. Noticeable granulation tissue and regenerated epidermal coverage were observed in 16 patients who received CGF treatment over various time courses, thereby demonstrating the significant therapeutic effects of CGF treatment in overall wound healing. The other two patients with stasis ulcers in their calves failed to respond to the treatment because of the comorbidity of iliac vein thrombosis. In addition, by culturing HaCaT keratinocytes using CGF membrane as the foundation, we observed that HaCaT cells attached to the CGF membrane migrated and proliferated to form an epithelium‐like structure. Comprehensively, the clinical results infer that CGF gel can expedite the regeneration of the soft tissue at the wound, whereas CGF membrane may facilitate its marginal re‐epithelialisation. The combination of the two can promote autologous regeneration of both deep and superficial wounds effectively and safely.
Oxidative damage in forage rape (Brassica napus L.) seeds following heat stress during seed development
Authors: Rashid Muhammad , Hampton John G. , Shaw Martin L. , Rolston M. Philip , Khan Khan Mir , Saville Dave J. 
Published: October 2019

AbstractA short period (240°C hr; Tb = 25°C) of heat stress (30°C day/25°C night) during forage rape (Brassica napus L.) seed development or at seed physiological maturity can reduce seed vigour, but the extent of oxidative damage associated with this short heat stress was not known. Heat‐stressed seeds were assessed for malondialdehyde (MDA) content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation, antioxidant enzyme activity, adenylate energy charge and seed ultrastructural integrity, and compared with that of non‐heat‐stressed seeds. Heat stress increased both MDA content and H2O2 accumulation by 35%–50%, reduced antioxidant enzyme activity by between 12% and 67%, and significantly reduced adenosine energy charge. Transmission electron microscope images showed clear evidence of seed deterioration in heat‐stressed seeds, including ruptures in cell wall and plasma membranes, fused lipid bodies and damaged mitochondria. Heat stress at physiological maturity caused more oxidative damage than the same heat stress during seed development. Seed vigour decreased as H2O2 accumulation increased and antioxidant enzyme activity decreased, but no direct relationship between lipid peroxidation and seed vigour was established. The extent of damage resulting from even shorter periods of heat stress (<240°C hr) before or at seed physiological maturity requires investigation.
A randomized comparison of manual pressure versus figure‐of‐eight suture for hemostasis after cryoballoon ablation for atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kumar Vineet , Wish Marc , Venkataraman Ganesh , Bliden Kevin , Jindal Manila , Strickberger Adam 
Published: October 2019

AbstractIntroductionCryoballoon ablation is commonly used to treat atrial fibrillation (AF). Femoral vein hemostasis after cryoballoon ablation for AF is routinely achieved with manual pressure (MP) after reversal of heparin and reassessment of the activated clotting time, or with a figure‐of‐eight suture (F8). The purpose of this randomized trial was to compare these two techniques for femoral vein hemostasis after cryoballoon ablation for AF in a patient population predominantly on novel anticoagulants (NOAC).Methods and ResultsSeventy consecutive patients who underwent cryoballoon ablation were randomized to either the MP or F8 for femoral vein hemostasis. Clinical and procedural characteristics were similar between the groups with the majority of patients treated with a NOAC. The total time in the electrophysiology laboratory for the MP group and the F8 group (197 ± 37 minutes vs 167 ± 36 minutes, respectively; P = .02), and the time from sheath removal until the patient left the laboratory (28 ± 9 minutes vs 20 ± 5 minutes, respectively; P < .0001) were significantly less in the F8 group. Additional pressure for hemostasis in the recovery suite was required more often in the MP Group, as opposed to the F8 group (29% vs 3%; P = .003). No major bleeding occurred and the rate of minor hematomas was statistically similar.ConclusionsHemostasis obtained with a F8 suture after cryoballoon ablation for AF is associated with significantly less patient time in the electrophysiology laboratory, and an improved safety profile, compared with manual hemostasis, even amongst patients treated with a NOAC.
Impact of multipoint pacing on projected battery longevity in cardiac resynchronization therapy. An IRON‐MPP study sub‐analysis
Authors: Forleo Giovanni B. , Gasperetti Alessio , Ricciardi Danilo , Curnis Antonio , Bertaglia Emanuele , Calò Leonardo , Pignalberi Carlo , Calzolari Vittorio , Ribatti Valentina , Lavalle Carlo , Potenza Domenico , Tondi Lara , Natale Veronica , Notarstefano Pasquale , Viecca Maurizio , Morani Giovanni , Biffi Mauro , Giammaria Massimo , Zanon Francesco , Santini Luca 
Published: October 2019

AbstractBackgroundMultipoint pacing (MPP) may improve clinical outcomes in patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators (CRT‐D), but its impact on battery longevity in a real‐world population has not been investigated in large trials.ObjectiveCompare projected battery longevity in CRT‐D patients with and without MPP during long‐term follow‐up.MethodsThe Italian registry on multipoint left ventricular pacing (IRON‐MPP) is a prospective, multicenter registry of patients implanted with MPP‐capable CRT‐D devices. Projected battery longevity during follow‐up was compared for patients with MPP (MPP ON) vs single‐site (MPP OFF) left ventricular pacing at CRT‐D implantation. A sub‐analysis excluded crossover patients with MPP activation or deactivation occurring after implantation. A second sub‐analysis excluded patients with a right or left ventricular pacing amplitude >2.5 V.ResultsOut of 237 CRT‐D patients (71 ± 9 years, 81% male) followed for 1.9 ± 0.8 years, 102 (43%) had MPP ON at implantation. Programmed atrial and ventricular outputs and percentage of pacing were similar between groups. MPP was associated with a 0.44 years reduction in projected battery longevity (P = .03) during long‐term follow‐up. Results were similar for the first and second sub‐analyses, with a 0.57 years (P < .001) and 0.71 years (P < .001) reduction in projected longevity, respectively.ConclusionIn this long‐term real‐world registry, early MPP activation is associated with less than a 1‐year reduction in projected battery life compared to single‐site biventricular pacing.