bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Celocentesis for early prenatal diagnosis of hemoglobinopathy
Authors: Makrydimas G. , Damiani G. , Jakil C. , Cigna V. , Orlandi M. , Picciotto F. , Schillaci G. , Cassarà F. , Vinciguerra M. , Leto F. , Giambona A. , Maggio A. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTObjectiveCelocentesis is an invasive technique that can provide prenatal diagnosis of single‐gene disorders, from as early as 7 weeks' gestation. The objective of this study was to examine the safety of celocentesis.MethodsIn this prospective study, celocentesis was performed for prenatal diagnosis of hemoglobinopathy in 402 singleton pregnancies in which both parents were carriers ofβ‐thalassemia or sickle cell disease trait. We assessed procedure‐related maternal discomfort or pain, success of sampling and obtaining results, pregnancy outcome and postnatal follow‐up.ResultsFirst, celocentesis was carried out at a median gestational age of 8.6 (range, 6.9–9.9) weeks and celomic fluid was successfully aspirated in 99.8% of cases. Second, 67% of women had no or only mild discomfort, 18% had moderate discomfort, 12% had mild‐to‐moderate pain and 3% had severe pain. Third, prenatal diagnosis from analysis of the celomic fluid was successful in 93.8% cases, and in the last 121 cases, it was always successful. Fourth, in all cases of successful sampling and analysis of celomic fluid, the diagnosis was concordant with results obtained from additional prenatal or postnatal testing. Fifth, in addition to diagnosis of hemoglobinopathy, quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction analysis, which was performed to evaluate maternal contamination using several markers for chromosomes X, Y, 21, 18 and 13, led to the accurate diagnosis of chromosomal aneuploidy. Sixth, in all cases of an affected fetus diagnosed by celocentesis in which the parents chose termination of pregnancy, this was carried out < 10 weeks' gestation. Seventh, in 97.1% (298/307) of the continuing pregnancies there was live birth, in seven (2.3%) there was miscarriage and in two (0.7%) there was loss to follow‐up. Eighth, fetal abnormalities were diagnosed in three (1%) cases, including unilateral transverse amputation of the forearm, unilateral moderate hydronephrosis and small‐bowel duplication. All neonates were examined by a pediatrician and were found to be phenotypically normal, except for the three cases with a prenatally diagnosed defect.ConclusionsCelocentesis can be used for early prenatal diagnosis of genetic abnormalities, and the procedure‐related risk of pregnancy complications appears to be low. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
“Tourism, water, and gender”—An international review of an unexplored nexus
Authors: Cole Stroma K. G. , Mullor Ernest Cañada , Ma Yue , Sandang Yesaya 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis international literature review of the tourism–water nexus identifies a gender gap. Tourism development can affect water supply both quantitatively and qualitatively. Many regions will face considerable problems of water availability and quality, affecting their tourism sector and increasing competition with local residents, and other industries especially agriculture. This international review of literature explores the tourism–water nexus, comparing and contrasting literature published in English, Chinese, and Spanish. Securing access to safe water for continued tourism development is a common theme and the vast majority of work has focused on hotels including water pricing, water‐saving practices and innovative management methods. In all continents, struggles are apparent, and the unsustainability of tourism is having impacts on water quantity and quality. This article identifies significant gaps in the literature including climate change, the energy‐water nexus, and the links with the Sustainable Development Goals. Furthermore, studies from a gendered perspective are minimal and the potential for areas of further gendered studies within the tourism–water nexus are highlighted including intersectionality, water insecurity and sanitation, tourism and gender based violence, and additional unpaid care work.This article is categorized under:Engineering Water > Planning WaterHuman Water > Water GovernanceHuman Water > Rights to Water
Evaluating tourniquet use in Swedish prehospital care for civilian extremity trauma
Authors: Wellme Eric , Mill Victor , Montán Carl 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
The use of tourniquet (TQ) is today a well-documented and lifesaving adjunct to control bleeding from extremity trauma in the military setting. Since August 2015, the ambulance services in Stockholm, Sweden are equipped with TQs. The implementation and potential complications related to TQ use have so far not been evaluated. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the prehospital use of TQ for haemorrhage control in extremity trauma. Possible complications following the use of TQ were analysed.

Methods
A retrospective, descriptive cohort study of extremity haemorrhage for all patients (n = 56) with a documented prehospital use of TQ admitted to the trauma centre at Karolinska University Hospital from 1st August 2015 to 31st December 2017 was conducted. Data regarding TQ use including indication, duration, bleeding volume, complications and definitive injury were analysed.

Results
Out of 63 placements of TQ in 56 patients, TQ stopped the bleeding effectively in 98.2% of the cases and the TQ time varied from 15 to 100 min. The overall complication rate was 30.1%; however, complications possibly related to TQ use were 3.6%. In 16 (28.6%) cases, the TQ were used for a non-life-threating haemorrhage which may have been stopped with direct pressure only.

Conclusion
This study shows TQs to be an effective but overused tool in haemorrhage control. The use of TQ was not associated with any severe complications, implying the safety and effectiveness of the device in the civilian setting if TQ time is kept under 100 min.
Influence of Interventionists’ Experience on Radiation Exposure of Patients Who Underwent Prostate Artery Embolization: 4-Year Results from a Retrospective, Single-Center Study
Authors: Kriechenbauer Bernadette Maria Theresia , Franiel Tobias , Bürckenmeyer Florian , Aschenbach René , Diamantis Ioannis , Malouhi Amer , Steiniger Beatrice , Teichgräber Ulf 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Purpose
To assess radiation exposure in men undergoing prostate artery embolization (PAE) for the treatment for symptomatic, benign prostatic hyperplasia depending on growing experience of interventional radiologists over a 4-year period.

Methods
A total of 250 consecutive patients underwent PAE at a single center. Data on radiation exposure [dose area product (DAP), effective dose (ED), entrance skin dose (ESD), and fluoroscopy time (FT)] were retrospectively evaluated. Primary outcomes of interest were patient radiation exposure in five consecutive groups of 50 patients each and Pearson correlation with the number of patients treated.

Results
Median DAP, ED, and ESD during prostate artery embolization were significantly higher in the first compared to the second 50 patients (56 298 µGym2 vs. 24 709 µGym2, p < 0.001, 146.4 mSv vs. 64.2 mSv, p < 0.001, and 5.1 Gy vs. 2.4 Gy, p < 0.001, respectively). The following consecutive groups did not differ significantly from the respective preceding group in terms of DAP, ED, and ESD. Number of digital subtraction angiography series, FT, and procedure time decreased with increasing operator experience (Pearson’s r = − 0.240, p < 0.001, r = − 0.269, p < 0.001, and r = − 0.504, p < 0.001, respectively). Bilateral prostate artery embolization was associated with less ESD and shorter FT than unilateral embolization (median 2.5 vs. 3.5 Gy, p = 0.02, and 26 min vs. 42 min, p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion
Exposure to radiation in men who underwent PAE decreased with growing operator experience and decreasing complexity of procedures.
The After Diagnosis Head and Neck cancer-specific Patient Concerns Inventory (HaNC-AD) as a pre-treatment preparation aid during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kanatas Anastasios , Rogers S. N. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has resulted in new challenges for clinicians, head and neck cancer (HNC) patients and carers. There is evidence that the current crisis is affecting the management of HNC patients. Most healthcare systems have introduced remote consultations to decrease the risk of coronavirus infection to patients, carers and clinicians. At present, HNC patients may be anxious and due to logistical issues, may not be adequately prepared for their treatment. To ensure that patients have a thorough understanding of their treatment and expected outcome during the current COVID-19 crisis there may be merit in the use of the HaNC-AD PCI.
Uncertainty analysis of adsorption measurements using commercial gravimetric sorption analyzers with simultaneous density measurement based on a magnetic-suspension balance
Authors: Yang Xiaoxian , Kleinrahm Reiner , McLinden Mark O. , Richter Markus 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA commercial gravimetric sorption analyzer, which is based on a magnetic-suspension balance, was significantly improved to reduce the uncertainty in adsorption measurements. In a previous paper, we investigated the force-transmission error (FTE) of the instrument’s magnetic-suspension coupling, and we analysed the uncertainty of the density measurement. In the present paper, equations for the determination of the adsorption on porous and quasi non-porous materials are provided, where the FTE is taken into account, and a detailed uncertainty analysis is presented. The uncertainty analysis was applied to both the improved measurement system and a typical commercial gravimetric sorption analyzer. Adsorption test measurements were conducted with carbon dioxide along the T = 283 K isotherm at pressures up to the dew-point pressure using both a porous material (zeolite 13X) and a quasi non-porous material (solid metallic sinkers). The major uncertainty contributions for adsorption on the porous material were the mass and volume of the adsorbent sample and the assumption of the density of the adsorbed fluid; for the quasi non-porous material, the main contributions were the weighing values of the balance, the density of the investigated fluid in the gas phase, and the volume of the non-porous material. The influence of the FTE on the adsorption on the porous material was approximately 0.002 mmol⋅g−1, which was negligibly small; but the influence of the FTE was significant in the case of the quasi non-porous material, i.e., approximately 0.7 mmol⋅m−2 or about 22% of the adsorption capacity with the highest adsorption observed in this work (near the dew-point pressure). This indicates that the influence of the FTE increases significantly with decreasing adsorption capacity of the adsorbent sample.
Content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil in a multi-annual fertilisation regime
Authors: Mackiewicz-Walec Ewa , Krzebietke Sławomir Józef 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe study assessed changes in the total 16 PAH (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) content of soil which occurred in 1998–2009, during a multi-annual, manure-mineral and mineral fertilisation experiment, carried out in Bałcyny near Ostróda (Poland), according to a design unchanged since 1986 The study focused on the impact of multi-annual, diversified mineral fertilisation (N, P, K, Mg and Ca) compared to manure applied every two years at a dose of 40 t/ha. The four plants used in the crop rotation included sugar beet, spring barley, maize and spring wheat. The content of the total 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was significantly higher in the manure-fertilised soil than in the soil fertilised with mineral fertilisers only. Under the regular manure fertilisation conditions, liming of the soil significantly increased the total 16 PAH content, and the lowest dose of nitrogen significantly decreased its PAH content. The lowest nitrogen dose had an opposite effect in the soil fertilised with mineral fertilisers only, where it caused a significant increase in the content of the PAHs. However, the increased doses of nitrogen also resulted in an increase in the PAH content in the soil fertilised with manure and without this fertiliser.
Search space reduction of asynchrony immune cellular automata
Authors: Mariot Luca , Manzoni Luca , Dennunzio Alberto 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe continue the study of asynchrony immunity in cellular automata (CA), which can be considered as a generalization of correlation immunity in the case of vectorial Boolean functions. The property could have applications as a countermeasure for side-channel attacks in CA-based cryptographic primitives, such as S-boxes and pseudorandom number generators. We first give some theoretical results on the properties that a CA rule must satisfy in order to meet asynchrony immunity, like central permutivity. Next, we perform an exhaustive search of all asynchrony immune CA rules of neighborhood size up to 5, leveraging on the discovered theoretical properties to greatly reduce the size of the search space.
Social Innovation Ignored: Framing Nonprofit Activities in European News Media
Authors: Krlev Gorgi , Lund Anker Brink 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNews reporting typically has a dual function: it mirrors what is going on in real life, but it also shapes how actors behave. Previous studies suggest that media presence, by way of shaping public and policy perceptions, influence how well nonprofits are able to raise funds and mobilize human resources. Yet, we are lacking insights into how the third sector is actually framed in the media, in particular with regard to innovation, which increasingly complements the more traditional functions of advocacy and service provision. To find out, we performed a longitudinal content analysis and an in-depth framing analysis on national and regional newspapers from nine European countries. The analyses demonstrate that third sector activities, especially those related to social innovation, are largely ignored. We find no systematic evidence that crises increase news attention to nonprofit activities. The third sector is becoming more newsworthy when it co-engages with government and business actors, but can benefit only little from this “positive glow”. We suggest how research on these matters can be taken forward, with a specific focus on the agenda-setting theory of mass media, the strategic management of nonprofit organizations, and collaboration in the context of social innovation.
Photovoice als Forschungsmethode mit Kindern
Authors: Landwehr Janna , Kolip Petra 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungHintergrundKörperliche Aktivität ist ein wichtiger Schlüssel zur Reduktion Public-Health-relevanter Erkrankungen. Zur Entwicklung effektiver Gesundheitsförderung ist ein partizipativer Einbezug der Zielgruppe erforderlich. Dennoch ist gerade in Deutschland die Forschung mit Kindern noch randständig. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, am Beispiel der Bedürfnisse von Kindern in Bezug auf die Förderung ihrer Nahmobilität, die Methode Photovoice zu erproben und weiterzuentwickeln.MethodeDrittklässler*innen (n = 18) fotografierten maximal fünf Situationen oder Gegenstände im Rahmen ihrer eigenen Nahmobilität in einem Zeitraum von 2 Tagen. Auf Basis dieser Fotos wurden vier Gruppeninterviews mit 4–5 Kindern leitfadengestützt durchgeführt. Die transkribierten Interviews wurden in Anlehnung an die qualitative Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring analysiert. Zudem wurde die Forschungsmethode von den Teilnehmer*innen mit Ratingskalen eingeschätzt.ErgebnissePhotovoice verhalf den Kindern bei der Erarbeitung und Darlegung eigener Relevanzen. Gruppeninterviews führten mit Hilfe der Fotos zu gemeinsamer Generierung von Lösungen sowie Diskussionen über die Fotos hinaus. Allerdings ist ein hohes Maß an Flexibilität, zeitlicher Ressourcen sowie Empathie erforderlich.FazitDie Studie zeigt, dass die Methode Photovoice geeignet ist, um kindliche Perspektiven zu erfassen und damit neue Erkenntnisse zu generieren. Sie sollte verfeinert sowie weiter ausgebaut werden, indem die Ergebnisse zu einer Präsentation für Entscheidungsträger aggregiert werden.
Ileal Transposition in Rats Reduces Energy Intake, Body Weight, and Body Fat Most Efficaciously When Ingesting a High-Protein Diet
Authors: Somogyi Edit , Sigalet David , Adrian Thomas E. , Nyakas Csaba , Hoornenborg Christiaan W. , van Beek André P. , Koopmans Henry S. , van Dijk Gertjan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurposeIleal transposition (IT) allows exploration of hindgut effects of bariatric procedures in inducing weight loss and reducing adiposity. Here we investigated the role of dietary macronutrient content on IT effects in rats.MethodsMale Lewis rats consuming one of three isocaloric liquid diets enriched with fat (HF), carbohydrates (HC), or protein (HP) underwent IT or sham surgery. Body weight, energy intake, energy efficiency, body composition, and (meal-induced) changes in plasma GIP, GLP-1, PYY, neurotensin, and insulin levels were measured.ResultsFollowing IT, HC intake remained highest leading to smallest weight loss among dietary groups. IT in HF rats caused high initial weight loss and profound hypophagia, but the rats caught up later, and finally had the highest body fat content among IT rats. HP diet most efficaciously supported IT-induced reduction in body weight and adiposity, but (as opposed to other diet groups) lean mass was also reduced. Energy efficiency decreased immediately after IT irrespective of diet, but normalized later. Energy intake alone explained variation in post-operative weight change by 80%. GLP-1, neurotensin, and PYY were upregulated by IT, particularly during (0–60 min) and following 17-h post-ingestive intake, with marginal diet effects. Thirty-day post-operative cumulative energy intake was negatively correlated to 17-h post-ingestive PYY levels, explaining 47% of its variation.ConclusionReduction in energy intake underlies IT-induced weight loss, with highest efficacy of the HP diet. PYY, GLP-1, and neurotensin levels are upregulated by IT, of which PYY may be most specifically related to reduced intake and weight loss after IT.
Transforming petroleum downstream sector through big data: a holistic review
Authors: Patel Harsh , Prajapati Dhirenkumar , Mahida Dharamrajsinh , Shah Manan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBig data refers to store, manage, analyze, and process efficiently a huge amount of datasets and to distribute it. Recent advancements in big data technologies include data recording, storage, and processing, and now big data is used in the refinery sector for the estimation of the energy efficiency and to reduce the downtime, maintenance, and repair cost by using various models and analytics methods. In the liquefied natural gas and city gas distribution industry, also, it is used in maintenance and to predict the failure of process and equipment. In this paper, authors have reviewed that how big data now used in the storage and transportation of oil and gas, health and safety in the downstream industry and to accurately predict the future markets of oil and gas. There are many areas where we can efficiently utilize big data techniques, and there are several challenges faced in applying big data in the petroleum downstream industry.
Überzeugungen von Grundschullehrkräften zum Umgang mit nicht-deutschen Erstsprachen im Unterricht
Authors: Lange Sarah Désirée , Pohlmann-Rother Sanna 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungMit der vorliegenden Studie werden die Überzeugungen von berufstätigen Grundschullehrkräfte zum Umgang mit nicht-deutschen Erstsprachen im Unterricht untersucht und die Bedeutung formaler und informeller bzw. non-formaler Lerngelegenheiten für diese Überzeugungen analysiert. Die Ergebnisse der Fragebogenstudie (N = 123) zeigen, dass die Mehrheit der befragten Lehrkräfte davon überzeugt ist, dass Erstsprachen zumindest zeitweise einen Platz in ihrem Unterricht haben sollten. So stimmen beispielsweise 75 % der befragten Lehrkräfte der Aussage mindestens teilweise zu, dass die Schülerinnen und Schüler von Zeit zu Zeit Lerninhalte in ihren Erstsprachen besprechen dürfen. Dem Einsatz von nicht-deutschen Lernmaterialien im Unterricht stehen knapp 60 % der Lehrkräfte mindestens positiv gegenüber. Die multiplen Regressionsanalysen zeigen, dass sich die erstsprachenintegrierenden Überzeugungen anhand der Nutzung von formalen und informellen bzw. non-formalen Lerngelegenheiten teilweise erklären lassen. Eine formale Aus- und Weiterbildung im Themenbereich des Deutschen als Zweitsprache hat einen positiven Einfluss auf die Überzeugungen von Grundschullehrkräften zum Einbezug von Erstsprachen in ihren Unterricht. Zudem sind es auch informelle bzw. non-formale Sprachkontakte (wie etwa Alltagskommunikation oder Mediennutzung in einer Fremdsprache), deren Nutzung die Überzeugungen der Grundschullehrkräfte hinsichtlich des Umgangs mit Erstsprachen im Unterricht beeinflussen.
Gumbel and Fréchet convergence of the maxima of independent random walks
Authors: Mikosch Thomas , Yslas Jorge 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe consider point process convergence for sequences of independent and identically distributed random walks. The objective is to derive asymptotic theory for the largest extremes of these random walks. We show convergence of the maximum random walk to the Gumbel or the Fréchet distributions. The proofs depend heavily on precise large deviation results for sums of independent random variables with a finite moment generating function or with a subexponential distribution.
Early Permian to Late Triassic tectonics of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt: geochronological and geochemical constraints from gabbros and granites in the northern Alxa area, NW China
Authors: Li Run-Wu , Zhang Xin , Shi Qiang , Chen Wan-Feng , An Yi , Huang Yao-Shen , Liu Yi-Xin , Wang Jin-Rong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSituated between the North China Craton to the east and the Tarim Craton to the west, the northern Alxa area in westernmost Inner Mongolia in China occupies a key location for interpreting the late-stage tectonic evolution of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt. New LA-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb dating results reveal 282.2 ± 3.9 Ma gabbros and 216.3 ± 3.2 Ma granites from the Yagan metamorphic core complex in northern Alxa, NW China. The gabbros are characterized by low contents of Si, Na, K, Ti and P and high contents of Mg, Ca, Al and Fe. These gabbros have arc geochemical signatures with relative enrichments in large ion lithophile elements and depletions in high field strength elements, as well as negative εNd(t) (−0.91 to −0.54) and positive εHf(t) (2.59 to 6.37) values. These features indicate that a depleted mantle magma source metasomatized by subduction fluids/melts and contaminated by crustal materials was involved in the processes of magma migration and emplacement. The granites show high-K calc-alkaline and metaluminous to weakly peraluminous affinities, similar to A-type granites. They have positive εNd(t) (1.55 to 1.99) and εHf(t) (5.03 to 7.64) values. These features suggest that the granites were derived from the mixing of mantle and crustal sources and formed in a postcollisional tectonic setting. Considering previous studies, we infer that the final closure of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean in the central part of the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt occurred in late Permian to Early–Middle Triassic times.