bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excessive Hormones Concentration in Serum May Increase the Risk of Polyspermy for Single Oocyte
Authors: Zhao Haijing , Qiu Qi , Yuan Ping , Ouyang Nengyong , Zhu Yuqin , Wang Wenjun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Fertilization of an oocyte by multiple sperms is known as polyspermy. Here, the purpose of this work was to investigate the possible correlation between hormones concentration in serum and the fertilization outcome of single oocyte in IVF cycles.Methods: In this retrospective analysis, the baseline characteristics and serum hormones levels of female patients retrieving single oocyte in IVF cycles were analyzed. Female age, duration of infertility, body mass index (BMI), basal follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), basal luteinizing hormone (LH), basal estradiol (E2), the level of FSH, LH, E2 and progesterone (P) on the day of Gonadotropin (Gn), the level of FSH, LH, E2 and P on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) were measured. Results: According to the number of pronucleus in single oocyte on Day1, patients were assigned to IVF-2PN group (two pronucleus) and IVF-3PN group (three or more pronucleus). There were extremely higher levels of basal E2, LH and E2 on the day of Gn in IVF-3PN group compared with IVF-2PN group (P<0.01). The significantly higher level of LH on the day of HCG was present in IVF-3PN compared to IVF-2PN group (P<0.05). Forthermore, the optimal cutoff value of basal E2 (70.5 IU/L), LH (6.315 IU/L) and E2 (128.5 IU/L) on the day of Gn and LH (3.28 IU/L) on the day of HCG were determined by ROC curve analysis. The results showed that the percentage of IVF-2PN significantly decreased and the percentage of IVF-3PN considerably increased when the basal E2 concentration was higher than the cutoff value (P<0.05), the same tendency were present in the analysis of LH concentration, E2 concentration on the day of Gn and LH concentration on the day of HCG (P<0.01). Conclusions: Our data indicated for the first time that the excessive concentration of basal E2, excessive concentrations of LH and E2 on the day of Gn and excessive concentration of LH on the day of HCG may significantly increase the risk of polyspermy for single oocyte in IVF cycles.
Spectroscopic Evaluation of Chalcone Derivatives and their Zinc Metal Complexes: A Combined Experimental and Computational Approach on the Binding of the Complexes with the Serum Albumin
Authors: Vlasiou Manos C. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Three chalcone derivatives (L1, L2, L3) were synthesized using Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction. Their molecular structures and spectroscopic properties (IR, UV-vis, 1HNMR), were calculated at B3LYP level. Electrostatic interactions and HOMO-LUMO properties were calculated using TD-DFT method. Molecular docking was used to compare the HSA (human serum albumin) interactions with the ligands and their Zn complexes (C1, C2, C3) which were synthesized by interaction between the ligands and the Zn (II) ion in a 2:1 M ratio. Elemental analysis, FT-IR, and UV–Vis spectroscopy studies investigated the structure of the synthesized complexes. UV–Vis, molecular docking and molecular dynamics were used to study the interactions of the Zn complexes with the BSA (bovine serum albumin). The biological activity of the Zn-Chalcone complexes was generally higher than the chalcones when evaluated spectroscopically and theoretically.
Prognostic Value of Atherosclerotic Extent in Diabetic Patients with Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Liu Zinuan , Ding Yipu , Dou Guanhua , Yang Xia , Wang Xi , Shan Dongkai , He Bai , Jing Jing , Chen Yundai , Yang Junjie 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The prognostic value of non-obstructive CAD has always been underestimated due to its moderate stenosis. Whether the atherosclerotic extent is related to the prognosis in this group of people is uncertain, especially in the presence of diabetes. We aim to investigate the prognostic value of atherosclerotic extent in diabetic patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).Method: The analysis was based on a single center cohort of diabetic patients referred for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) due to suspect CAD. Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were recorded, including cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke and unstable angina (UA) requiring hospitalization. Four groups were defined based on coronary stenosis combined with segment involvement score (SIS), a semiquantitative index of the extent of atherosclerosis, including normal, non-obstructive SIS<3, non-obstructive SIS≥3 and obstructive. Time to event was estimated by using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Leidon risk score was used to replace SIS for sensitivity analysis.Results: In total, 1241 patients were included (age 60.2±10.4 years, 54.1% male), experiencing 131 MACEs (10.6%) during a median follow-up of 2.6 years. Diabetic patients with non-obstructive CAD accounts for 50.2% of included population（N=623）. In multi-variate Cox model adjusting for age, gender, hyperlipidemia and presence of high-risk plaque, hazard ratio (HR) for SIS < 3 and SIS ≥ 3 in non-obstructive CAD were 1.84 (95%CI: 0.70-4.79) and 3.71 (95%CI: 1.37-10.00) respectively.The latter showed a higher risk of cardiac adverse events than the former group（HR：2.02 95%CI:1.11-3.68, p＝0.021）, while HR for obstructive CAD was 5.46 (95%CI: 2.18-13.69). Sensitivity analysis was performed using Leidon Risk Score instead of SIS. After adjustment, HR for Leidon ≥ 5 with non-obstructive disease was 1.92（95% CI: 1.06-3.48 p=0.032）in comparison to the non-obstructive group of Leidon < 5.Conclusion: In diabetic patients with non-obstructive CAD, atherosclerotic extent was associated with higher risk of major adverse cardiac events at long-term follow-up. Efforts should be made to determine risk stratification for the management of DM patients with non-obstructive CAD.
Increased Plasma Level of IGFBP4 in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients and the Restoration of its level Through Multilevel Sleep Surgery
Authors: Alterki Abdulmohsen , Shawaf Eman Al , Al-Khairi Irina , Cherian Preethi Cherian Preethi , Srira Devarajan , Hammad Maha , Thangavel Alphonse T. , Ebrahim Mahmoud A , Al-Mulla Fahd , Abu-Farha Mohamed , Abubaker Jehad 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: IGFBP4 is the smallest member of the insulin-like growth factor binding protein family (IGFBP). It’s a hepatic protein that plays a role in modulating the activity and bioavailability of IGF-I. The expression of IGFBP4 was found to increase under conditions of hypoxia. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a common disorder, characterized by cyclic episodes of intermittent hypoxia and fragmented sleep. Methods: We quantified levels of circulating IGFBP1, IGFBP2, IGFBP3, IGFBP4 and IGFBP7 in fasting plasma samples of 67 Kuwaiti participant using Multiplexing assay. The study involved 28 controls, and 39 patients with OSA.Results: Levels of circulating IGFBP4 were significantly higher in people with OSA (253.65 ±20.46 ng/ml) compared to the control group (173.35 ±20.86 ng/ml, p = 0.008). There was an increase in levels of IGFBP3 and IGFBP7, however it was not significant. People with OSA had a significantly high AHI score (22.99 ±3.39 events/h) in comparison to the control (2.12 ±0.2 events/h). The increase in IGFBP4 correlated positively to IGFBP7 (r = 0.422, P = 0.01). There was a significant decline in circulating IGFBP4 after 3-months of surgery (225.89 ±18.16 ng/ml, p = 0.012). This was accompanied by a prominent improvement in OSA (AHI 8.97 ± 2.37 events/h, p = 0.001). Conclusion: In this study our data showed a significant increase in circulating IGFBP4 in people with OSA. we also report a significant positive correlation between IGFBP4 and IGFBP7 at baseline, which suggests a potential synergy in the actions of IGFBP4 and IGFBP7 at conditions of OSA-induced hypoxia. OSA significantly improved after 3-month of surgical intervention, which concurred with a significant decline in IGFBP4 levels. Altogether, this suggests a potential role for IGFBP4 in OSA-induced hypoxia.
Factors associated with stigma and discrimination towards people living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia.
Authors: Seboka Binyam Tariku , Hailegebreal Samuel , Yehualashet Delelegn Emwodew , Demeke Abel Desalegn 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: HIV is a major public health concern in many developing countries. HIV related discriminatory attitudes or stigmas considered as a key in the prevention and control of HIV prevalence. This work evaluated the overall attitude of the population towards people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Ethiopia, which helps in the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS. Methods: Secondary data was obtained from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. Data included 20,770 samples of women and men between the ages of 15 to 49 years, which is a nationally representative sample in Ethiopia. Analytical methods used in this paper include descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression to identify factors associated with discriminatory attitudes .Results: A total of 20,770 samples who have heard about HIV/AIDS were included in the analysis. Out of this, 41% of respondents said they would not buy fresh vegetables from vendor and 34.1% of them indicated HIV positive children should not attend school with HIV negative children. Multivariate Logistic regression results indicated having discriminatory attitudes were associated with the lack of knowledge of HIV/AIDS prevention methods, endorsement transmission misconceptions, and never have been tested for HIV. Furthermore, respondents reside in rural areas, lack of formal education, belonging to poor wealth quantile, and lack of media exposure shows a higher level of discriminatory attitudes.Conclusion: The findings of this research showed a high magnitude of stigma towards people living with HIV/AIDS among reproductive age women and men in Ethiopia. For stigma and discriminatory attitudes to be decreased interventions should focused on improving HIV related knowledge’s through mass medias such as television and newspapers, especially through medias that can address the rural community.
Maternal bile acid profile and subtype analysis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
Authors: Shao Yong , Chen Siyu , Li Huan , Tang Qing , Xu Di 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background ICP pregnant women have a unique profile of serum bile acid metabolism, thus the early and accurate identification of ICP patients is beneficial to early appropriate treatment and improvement of pregnancy outcomes. In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to analyze the 15 types of serum bile acid profiles among patients with ICP in third trimester, patients with cholelithiasis, and patients with hepatitis B virus. The ICP diagnostic model established by partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was used to screen the differential bile acids for clinical subtypes of ICP. 144 cases of ICP patients were involved in this study, and divided into four subgroups according to serum level of TBA, DBIL, and ALT.Results ①The differential serum bile acid profiles of ICP group and normal pregnant women were DCA, TDCA, TCA, GDCA and GLCA.②The differential serum bile acid profiles of the ICP1 group (ICP with jaundice) and normal pregnant women were TCDCA, TCA, GCA, GCDCA, TUDCA and GUDCA.③The differential serum bile acid profiles of the ICP3 group (Hyperchoicemia of pregnancy) and normal pregnant group was GUDCA, LCA, GLCA, UDCA, TUDCA, CDCA, and TLCA (P <0.05).④The differential serum bile acid profiles of ICP4 group (idiopathic aminotransferase abnormality during pregnancy) and normal pregnant group was UDCA, GUDCA, TUDCA, GCA and GLCA (P<0.05).⑤The occurrence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid, premature delivery and cesarean section in ICP1 group was significantly higher than normal group,ICP2 group,ICP3 group,and ICP4 group (P<0.05); The occurrence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid, premature delivery and cesarean section in ICP2 group, ICP3 group, and ICP4 group was significantly higher than normal group (P<0.05), but no difference was found among ICP2 group, ICP3 group, and ICP4 group (P> 0.05).Conclusion: Maternal serum bile acid profiles are useful to differentiate the four subtypes of ICP. ICP with jaundice could be an important predictor of adverse pregnancy outcomes of ICP.
High mortality rate of obstetric critically ill patients in Rwanda and its predictability
Authors: Rudakemwa Alcade , Cassidy Amy Lucille , Twagirumugabe Theogene 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Reasons for admission at the intensive care units (ICU) for obstetric patients vary from a setting to another. Outcomes from ICU and its prediction models are not well explored in Rwanda because of lack of appropriate scores. This study intended to assess profile and accuracy of predictive models for obstetric patients admitted in ICU in the two public tertiary hospitals in Rwanda.Methods We prospectively collected data from all obstetric patients admitted in the ICU of public referral hospitals in Rwanda from March 2017 to February 2018 to identify reasons for admissions and factors for prognosis. We analysed the accuracy of mortality prediction models including the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) and Modified Early Obstetric Warning Score (MEOWS) by using the Logistic Regression and adjusted Receiver Operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Obstetric patients represented 12.8% of all ICU admissions and 1.8% of all deliveries. Sepsis (31.9%) and haemorrhage (25.5%) were the two commonest reasons for ICU admission in our study participants. The overall ICU mortality for our obstetric patients was 54.3% while the average length of stay was 6.6 days. MEOWS score was an independent predictor to mortality (adjusted OR=1.25[1.07-1.46]; p=0.005) and so was the qSOFA score (adjusted OR=2.81[1.25-6.30]; p=0.012). The adjusted Area Under the ROC (AUROC) for MEOWS was 0.773[0.666-0.880] and that of the qSOFA was 0.764[0.654-0.873] signing fair accuracies for ICU mortality prediction in these settings for both models.Conclusion Sepsis is the commonest reason for admissions to ICU for obstetric patients in Rwanda. Simple models comprising MEOWS and qSOFA could accurately predict the mortality for those patients but further larger studies are needed before generalization.
Methodological Tools for Diagnosing Insolvency (Bankruptcy) of Organizations in the Anti-Crisis Management System
Authors: Chernichenko Svetlana , Kotov Roman 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Bankruptcy is the most important element of legal regulation of modern market relations. National economy has to be able to predict a potential default in the general system of anti-crisis management. Therefore, it needs advanced techniques and tools of anti-crisis diagnostics for the timely management solutions.
Study objects and methods. The analytical information presented in this work is multi-tiered and reflects the all-Russian, industrywide, regional, regional-industry, and corporate levels. The research featured agricultural enterprises of the Kemerovo region. The information underwent three types of formatting: legislative, statistical, and diagnostic.
Results and discussion. During the first stage, the authors assessed external factors and trends in individual components of anti-crisis diagnostics in a given economy sector against the background of all-Russian and industry-wide trends. Enterprises appeared sensitive to bankruptcy risk; the trend decreased in 2014–2018. The second stage involved developing of a selective-indicative model for diagnosing insolvency of Russian organizations. The model took into account regional and industrial traits and focuses on large and medium-sized agricultural enterprises in the region. The model selected general indicators from a set of studied parameters, formed from fifty financial ratios presented in twenty-two of the most well-known methods of anti-crisis analysis. Bankruptcy was diagnosed on the basis of preference matrix, according to the criterion of the active use of coefficients in analytical practice. A comparative analysis of bankruptcy criteria and indicators made it possible to define the degree of adequacy of the set of indicators. Four analytical vectors were defined after thematic grouping of the identified indicators: balance sheet liquidity (current liquidity ratio), property and capital structure (financial dependence and asset mobility ratios), security (working capital ratio with own circulating assets), efficiency (economic profitability, or loss ratio, and the ratio of business activity in the market). The equation of rating assessment of the insolvency probability demonstrated the total impact of these indicators, taking into account their individual “equity participation” in the aggregate of key parameters.
Conclusion. The final set of general exponents of the diagnostic model can be qualified as a neuro-analogue of “classical” models that ignores the values of the regression coefficients, which are usually not adapted to Russian realities. The model built on the basis of bankruptcy indicators, taking into account their individual “equity participation” in the rating number, can be used as a flexible methodological tool for diagnosing bankruptcy in the national economy of Russia.
Development of New Mash Filters for Craft Beer Brewing
Authors: Borodulin Dmitry , Shalev Aleksey , Safonova Elena , Prosin Maksim , Golovacheva Yana , Vagaytseva Elena 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. New innovative technologies make food industry more effective. The present paper introduces a new method of hopped wort production based on novel mash filters.
Study objects and methods. The research featured two new designs of mash filters. The study of the mashing process involved malt, hops, drinking water, and beer wort. The research included generally accepted methods of physicochemical and sensory research.
Results and discussion. Both models differed from the traditional design. Mash filter I had a cylindrical filtration vat at its bottom with filters in the lower and upper parts of the vat. A pump was installed on the outer side of the steam jacket to produce forced circulation of the liquid medium flow through the vat. The steam jacket was covered with Corundum Classic superfine liquid thermal insulation. Mash filter II had a filtration bottom made of perforated sheet and provided intensive liquid circulation. It also had a regulated mixer that moved the mash, which significantly improved the mashing process. After the mashing, the mash passed through the filtration bottom, separating the liquid phase from the solid phase. The crushed material was discharged through a hatch in bottom. The physicochemical and sensory profiles of the obtained beer wort and beer samples complied with State Standard 30060-93 “Beer. Methods for determination of organoleptic indices and product’s volume”. Mash filter II produced beer wort of higher quality and improved the sensory properties of the finished product. This model proved more effective in extracting proteins and digestible sugars during amylolysis due to a better mixing and circulation of liquid medium flow during the wort preparation.
Conclusion. The new modified mash filter made it possible to reduce the brewing time by 28.6%. Not only was it more user friendly, but it also was less heat and electricity consuming. In addition, it reduced the production area as it combined the stages of mashing and filtering.
Casein Proteolysis in Bioactive Peptide Production: Optimal Operating Parameters
Authors: Milenteva Irina , Davydenko Natalia , Rasshchepkin Aleksandr 
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Public health is gradually deteriorating as a result of unhealthy lifestyle and diet, which triggers allergic reaction to certain foods. Milk and dairy products are rich in biologically active substances, which makes them a good dietary supplement for athletes, diabetic patients, etc. However, this popular food contains allergens, for instance, such proteins as αS1-casein, αS2-casein, β-casein, and κ-casein. Therefore, one of the most urgent tasks of modern food science is to reduce the allergenic properties of casein. Heat treatment is an option, but thermal exposure leads to denaturation and produces new antigenic determinants, e.g. epitopes.
Biotechnological processing is a more promising method. It is based on the catalytic properties of proteolytic enzymes. Enzymes make it possible to obtain a protein hydrolyzate with amino acids of various molecular weights. The present research provided the optimal working parameters of casein proteolysis by various enzymes (endopectidases), namely trypsin, chymotrypsin, and thermolysin.
Study objects and methods. Casein hydrolysates are casein-based biopeptides, and casein is an accessible and valuable milk protein. Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and thermolysin were used as proteases. The experiment was based on standard methods. Results and its discussion. At 47 ± 2°C and pH 7.5 ± 0.2, the production of low-molecular-weight components of casein hydrolyzate proved feasible when thermolysin was used at a ratio of 1:100 for 24.00 ± 0.05 h, and chymotrypsin and trypsin – at a ratio of 1:25 for 24.00 ± 0.05 h.
Conclusion. The resulting casein hydrolysates contain biologically active peptides and can be used in formulations of low-allergy functional dairy products in allergy-friendly, sports, and baby diets.
Climate change or regional human impacts? Remote sensing tools, artificial neural networks, and wavelet approaches aim to solve the problem
Authors: Foroumandi Ehsan , Nourani Vahid , Sharghi Elnaz 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Lake Urmia, as the largest lake in Iran, has suffered from water-level decline and this problem needs to be investigated accurately. The major reason for the decline is controversial. The current paper aimed to study the hydro-environmental variables over the Lake Urmia basin using remote sensing tools, artificial neural networks, wavelet transforms, and Mann–Kendall trend tests from 1995 to 2019 in order to determine the primary reason of the decline and to find the most important hydrologic periodicities over the basin. The results indicated that for the monthly-, seasonally-, and annually-based time series, the components with 4-month and 16-month, 24- and 48-month, and 2- and 4-year, respectively, are the most dominant periodicities over the basin. The agricultural increase according to the vegetation index and evapotranspiration and their close relationship with the water-level change indicated that human land-use is the main reason for the decline. The increasing agriculture, in the situations that the precipitation has not increased, caused the inflow runoff to the lake to decline and the remaining smaller discharge is not sufficient to stabilize the water level. Temperature time series, also, has experienced a significant positive trend which intensified the water-level change.