bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Child and Family Factors Associated With Posttraumatic Stress Responses Following a Traumatic Medical Event: The Role of Medical Team Support
Authors: Sadeh Yaara , Dekel Rachel , Brezner Amichai , Landa Jana , Silberg Tamar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Objectives
This study examined the contribution of pretrauma psychosocial factors (child emotional functioning, family resources, family functioning, and social support) and environmental factors (mother’s posttraumatic stress symptoms [PTSSs], medical team support [MTS]) to PTSSs of injured or seriously ill children within a pediatric rehabilitation setting. It was hypothesized that psychosocial variables would be strongly associated with child’s PTSS; that mother’s PTSS and MTS would mediate the association between psychosocial factors and child’s PTSS; that mother’s report on child’s PTSS would mediate the association between mother’s PTSS and child’s PTSS.

Methods
Participants were 196 children hospitalized following an injury/illness and assessed M = 47.7 days postevent. Children completed measures of PTSS, mothers completed measures of their own PTSS, child’s PTSS, and pretrauma psychosocial factors. Family’s therapist completed a MTS measure. Structural equation modeling was employed to evaluate the study hypotheses.

Results
Pretrauma family structure and resources were associated with child’s self-reported PTSS; each pretrauma variable and mother’s report of child’s PTSS was significantly associated. Although mother’s PTSS was not directly associated with child’s PTSS, this relationship was mediated by mother’s report of child’s PTSS. MTS mediated the relationship between pretrauma social support and mother’s PTSS.

Conclusion
This study further explicates the utility of a biopsychosocial framework in predicting childhood PTSS. Findings confirm the role of pretrauma factors and environmental factors at the peritrauma period in the development of PTSS following a pediatric injury/illness. Mother’s PTSS and MTS may be appropriate targets for prevention and early intervention.
Notes from the Field: Conducting Research with Resettled Refugee Women
Authors: Agha Erum , Cuddeback Gary S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Understanding the unique health and behavioral health needs of refugees is critical to developing culturally sensitive interventions and services for this vulnerable population. This paper highlights the process of recruiting participants for a study exploring these needs for resettled refugee women from their own perspectives and the perspectives of resettlement service providers. We recruited 14 resettled refugee women and seven service providers to participate in a semi-structured interview, which included open-ended questions and culturally-relevant vignettes designed to stimulate discussion about health and behavioral health issues. Participating women were receptive to the vignettes and were highly engaged in the study. With respect to methods, we found that it is feasible and practical to collect qualitative data using vignettes coupled with semi-structured interview questions. With respect to recruiting strategies, participants were more responsive to personal connections rather than to advertisements for recruitment. This paper reports the methodology; study results are reported separately.
Origin and functional differentiation of (E)-β-ocimene synthases reflect the expansion of monoterpenes in angiosperms
Authors: Ding Guangyu , Zhang Shaoyu , Ma Bi , Liang Jiubo , Li Han , Luo Yiwei , He Ningjia 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe acquisition of new metabolic activities is a major force driving evolution. We explored, from the perspectives of gene family expansion and the evolutionary adaptability of proteins, how new functions have arisen in which terpene synthases diverged. Monoterpenoids are diverse natural compounds that can be divided into cyclic and acyclic skeleton forms according to their chemical structure. We demonstrate, through phylogenetic reconstructions and genome synteny analyses, that the (E)-β-ocimene synthases, which are acyclic monoterpene synthases (mTPSs), appear to have arisen several times in independent lineages during plant evolution. Bioinformatics analyses and classical mutation experiments identified four sites (I388, F420, S446, and F485) playing important roles in the neofunctionalization of mTPSs. Incubation of neryl diphosphate with Salvia officinalis 1,8-cineole synthase (SCS) and mutated proteins show that these four sites obstruct the isomerization of geranyl diphosphate. Quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical molecular dynamics simulations of models of SCS, SCSY420F/I446S, and SCSN338I/Y420F/I446S/L485F with (3R)-linalyl diphosphate suggest that mutations changed the configuration of the intermediate to obtain new activities. These results provide new perspectives on the evolution of mTPSs, explain the convergent evolution of (E)-β-ocimene synthases at the molecular level, and identify key residues to control the specificity of engineered mTPSs.
When did Population III star formation end?
Authors: Liu Boyuan , Bromm Volker 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
We construct a theoretical framework to study Population III (Pop III) star formation in the post-reionization epoch (z ≲ 6) by combining cosmological simulation data with semi-analytical models. We find that due to radiative feedback (i.e. Lyman–Werner and ionizing radiation) massive haloes ($M_{\rm halo}\gtrsim 10^{9}\ \rm M_{\odot }$) are the major (≳90 per cent) hosts for potential Pop III star formation at z ≲ 6, where dense pockets of metal-poor gas may survive to form Pop III stars, under inefficient mixing of metals released by supernovae. Metal mixing is the key process that determines not only when Pop III star formation ends, but also the total mass, MPopIII, of active Pop III stars per host halo, which is a crucial parameter for direct detection and identification of Pop III hosts. Both aspects are still uncertain due to our limited knowledge of metal mixing during structure formation. Current predictions range from early termination at the end of reionization (z ∼ 5) to continuous Pop III star formation extended to z = 0 at a non-negligible rate $\sim \!10^{-7}\ \rm M_{\odot }\ yr^{-1}\ Mpc^{-3}$, with $M_{\rm PopIII}\sim 10^{3}-10^{6}\ \rm M_{\odot }$. This leads to a broad range of redshift limits for direct detection of Pop III hosts, zPopIII ∼ 0.5–12.5, with detection rates $\lesssim 0.1-20\ \rm arcmin^{-2}$, for current and future space telescopes (e.g. HST, WFIRST, and JWST). Our model also predicts that the majority (≳90 per cent) of the cosmic volume is occupied by metal-free gas. Measuring the volume-filling fractions of this metal-free phase can constrain metal-mixing parameters and Pop III star formation.
Bipolar planetary nebulae from outflow collimation by common envelope evolution
Authors: Zou Yangyuxin , Frank Adam , Chen Zhuo , Reichardt Thomas , De Marco Orsola , Blackman Eric G , Nordhaus Jason , Balick Bruce , Carroll-Nellenback Jonathan , Chamandy Luke , Liu Baowei 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
The morphology of bipolar planetary nebulae (PNe) can be attributed to interactions between a fast wind from the central engine and the dense toroidal-shaped ejecta left over from common envelope (CE) evolution. Here we use the 3D hydrodynamic adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) code AstroBEAR to study the possibility that bipolar PN outflows can emerge collimated even from an uncollimated spherical wind in the aftermath of a CE event. The output of a single CE simulation via the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) code phantom serves as the initial conditions. Four cases of winds, all with high enough momenta to account for observed high momenta pre-PN outflows, are injected spherically from the region of the CE binary remnant into the ejecta. We compare cases with two different momenta and cases with no radiative cooling versus application of optically thin emission via a cooling curve to the outflow. Our simulations show that in all cases highly collimated bipolar outflows result from deflection of the spherical wind via the interaction with the CE ejecta. Significant asymmetries between the top and bottom lobes are seen in all cases. The asymmetry is strongest for the lower momentum case with radiative cooling. While real post-CE winds may be aspherical, our models show that collimation via ‘inertial confinement’ will be strong enough to create jet-like outflows even beginning with maximally uncollimated drivers. Our simulations reveal detailed shock structures in the shock-focused inertial confinement (SFIC) model and develop a lens-shaped inner shock that is a new feature of SFIC-driven bipolar lobes.
Properties of the post in-spiral common envelope ejecta II: dust formation
Authors: Iaconi Roberto , Maeda Keiichi , Nozawa Takaya , De Marco Orsola , Reichardt Thomas 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
We study the formation of dust in the expanding gas ejected as a result of a common envelope binary interaction. In our novel approach, we apply the dust formation model of Nozawa et al. to the outputs of the 3D hydrodynamic SPH simulation performed by Iaconi et al. that involves a giant of 0.88 M⊙ and 83 R⊙, with a companion of 0.6 M⊙ placed on the surface of the giant in circular orbit. After simulating the dynamic in-spiral phase, we follow the expansion of the ejecta for $\simeq 18\, 000$ d. During this period, the gas is able to cool down enough to reach dust formation temperatures. Our results show that dust forms efficiently in the window between ≃ 300 d (the end of the dynamic in-spiral) and ≃ 5000 d. The dust forms in two separate populations; an outer one in the material ejected during the first few orbits of the companion inside the primary’s envelope and an inner one in the rest of the ejected material. We are able to fit the grain-size distribution at the end of the simulation with a double power law. The slope of the power law for smaller grains is flatter than that for larger grains, creating a knee-shaped distribution. The power-law indexes are, however, different from the classical values determined for the interstellar medium. We also estimate that the contribution to cosmic dust by common envelope events is not negligible and comparable to that of novae and supernovae.
Acute kidney injury e-alerts in pregnancy: rates, recognition and recovery
Authors: Gama Rouvick M , Clark Katherine , Bhaduri Mahua , Clery Amanda , Wright Kelly , Smith Priscilla , Martin Hayley , Vincent Royce P , Jayawardene Satish , Bramham Kate 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) in pregnancy (Pr-AKI) is associated with substantial maternal morbidity and mortality. E-alerts are routinely used for detection of AKI in non-pregnant patients but their role in maternity care has not been explored.

Methods
All pregnant or postpartum women with AKI e-alerts for AKI Stages 1–3 (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria) were identified at a tertiary centre &gt;2 years. Two women matched by delivery date for each case were selected as controls. AKI stage, recognition of AKI, pregnancy outcomes, renal recovery, AKI aetiology and risk factors were extracted from electronic patient records.

Results
288 of 11 922 (2.4%) women had AKI e-alerts, of which only 118 (41%) were recognized by the obstetric team. Common Pr-AKI causes included infection (48%), pre-eclampsia (26%) and haemorrhage (25%), but no cause was identified in 15% of women. Renal function recovered in 213 (74%) women, but in 47 (17%) repeat testing was not undertaken and 28 (10%) did not recover function. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and Caesarean section were associated with increased incidence of Pr-AKI compared with controls.

Conclusions
Pr-AKI e-alerts were identified in ∼1 in 40 pregnancies. However, a cause for Pr-AKI was not identified in many cases and e-alerts may have been triggered by gestational change in serum creatinine. Pregnancy-specific e-alert algorithms may be required. However, 1 in 10 women with Pr-AKI had not recovered kidney function on repeat testing. Better understanding of long-term impacts of Pr-AKI on pregnancy and renal outcomes is needed to inform relevant Pr-AKI e-alert thresholds.
Networking retinomorphic sensor with memristive crossbar for brain-inspired visual perception
Authors: Wang Shuang , Wang Chen-Yu , Wang Pengfei , Wang Cong , Li Zhu-An , Pan Chen , Dai Yitong , Gao Anyuan , Liu Chuan , Liu Jian , Yang Huafeng , Liu Xiaowei , Cheng Bin , Chen Kunji , Wang Zhenlin , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Liang Shi-Jun , Miao Feng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Compared to human vision, conventional machine vision composed of an image sensor and processor suffers from high latency and large power consumption due to physically separated image sensing and processing. A neuromorphic vision system with brain-inspired visual perception provides a promising solution to the problem. Here we propose and demonstrate a prototype neuromorphic vision system by networking a retinomorphic sensor with a memristive crossbar. We fabricate the retinomorphic sensor by using WSe2/h-BN/Al2O3 van der Waals heterostructures with gate-tunable photoresponses, to closely mimic the human retinal capabilities in simultaneously sensing and processing images. We then network the sensor with a large-scale Pt/Ta/HfO2/Ta one-transistor-one-resistor (1T1R) memristive crossbar, which plays a similar role to the visual cortex in the human brain. The realized neuromorphic vision system allows for fast letter recognition and object tracking, indicating the capabilities of image sensing, processing and recognition in the full analog regime. Our work suggests that such a neuromorphic vision system may open up unprecedented opportunities in future visual perception applications.
Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy in the Time of COVID-19: The Urgent Need for Better Insurance Coverage
Authors: Mansour Omar , Keller Sara , Katz Morgan , Townsend Jennifer L 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and the disease it causes, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are placing unprecedented pressure on every health care system. Patients who require weeks of intravenous antibiotic therapy after hospital discharge due to severe bacterial infections, generally referred to as outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT), are at increased risk for contracting and/or transmitting COVID-19 due to extensive contact with the health care system. To reduce the risk of COVID-19 among this vulnerable patient population, providers overseeing OPAT care need to consider the relative safety of the different OPAT sites of care. Home-based OPAT should be emphasized to minimize hospital stays and prevent skilled nursing facility admissions. Medicare reimbursement policies need to urgently change to provide comprehensive coverage of home infusion services.
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome with peripheral gangrene and homocysteinemia in a child
Authors: Al-Ahmad Molham , Kharita Lubna , Wannous Hala 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare, progressive, life-threating disease that frequently has a genetic component; it is usually caused by familial, sporadic or idiopathic reasons. We report a case of aHUS in a 21-month-old girl with coexisting of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutations, homocysteinemia and thalassemia minor complicated by peripheral gangrene as extrarenal manifestation.
Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (Gunther disease): a case report
Authors: Kahila Ali , Zamlout Ali , Mazloum Abdaljawad , Laila Omar , Badran Ayham 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTCongenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP or Gunther disease) is a very rare subtype of porphyria with a prevalence of &lt;0.9 per 1 000 000. A 13-year-old female patient came to our hospital complaining of a severe cutaneous ulceration and scarring. The symptoms began in her first year of life as urine discoloration and skin blistering in sun-exposed areas. The family had been trapped in a high-risk conflict zone in Syria for many years, which precipitated the aggravation of symptoms. Based on clinical examination and laboratory tests, we diagnosed the patient with CEP and treated her with vitamin D supplementation alongside chronic blood transfusions, strict photoprotection and psychotherapy. After 7 months, there were no longer active ulcers or novel complications. Psychotherapy and patient education were important for her psychological development at this age. This treatment limited the deterioration of the symptoms and made the patient more committed to the periodic examinations.
Cerebral paradoxical embolism associated with patent foramen ovale and idiopathic venous thromboembolism in a 31-year-old patient
Authors: Timnou Bekouti Jean , Ravakiniaina Ranaivosoa Mialy , Adossou Akuvi Claude , Diawara Alpha , Camara Ansoumane , Rambolarimanana Manitrahasina , Lawani Pierre , Ranjatson Alain , Houeze Richard , Roynard Jean Louis 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT
Paradoxical embolism is the passage of venous thrombi into the arterial circulation through a pulmonary or intracardiac shunt. We report the management of a 31-year-old patient who initially presented with chest pain and right brachiofacial paresis. A diagnosis of paradoxical cerebral embolism associated with a spontaneous venous thromboembolism and a patent foramen ovale was made. The patient benefited from thrombolytic therapy and lifelong anticoagulation with good recovery. This case showed that percutaneous closure of a patent foramen ovale needs to be discussed individually.
Introducing Psychology
Authors: Raeff Catherine 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This chapter sets the stage for a new way of thinking about human functioning by identifying some complexities of human functioning—that is, holism, dynamics, variability, multicausality, and individuality. It also introduces a questioning stance that can lead psychology in new theoretical and empirical directions. The chapter traces some of the history of psychology and how it came to be defined largely in terms of research methods that are rooted in the natural sciences. It also describes contemporary conventional psychology in terms of fragmenting, objectifying, and aggregating practices, as well as deterministic conceptions of causality.
Questioning Convention
Authors: Raeff Catherine 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
To set the stage for a new way of thinking about human functioning, the goal of this chapter is to constructively question some of psychology’s conventional practices and assumptions. This chapter questions psychology’s practices of fragmenting, objectifying, quantifying, and aggregating. It also raises issues regarding the dominant deterministic approach to causality in conventional psychology. The chapter includes a consideration of qualitative research, which provides alternatives to traditional research methods in psychology. The chapter ends by identifying some issues and questions that will be addressed with the new theoretical framework for understanding human functioning that will be presented in subsequent chapters. Criteria for evaluating theorizing are also identified.
Developmental Processes
Authors: Raeff Catherine 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Based on the conceptual claim that action develops and that the psychological processes that comprise action develop, the goal of this chapter is to conceptualize what happens during the development of action and how action develops. Organismic-developmental theory is used to explain what happens during action development in terms of differentiation and integration, and in terms of progress toward cultural goals of development. Sociocultural theory is used to explain how action develops as individuals participate with others in cultural practices. The chapter further considers how action develops through individual, social, cultural, bodily, and environmental processes. The chapter ends with a discussion of how development is relevant to all of psychology and need not be treated as a fragmented subfield or area of specialization.
Implications for Thinking about Individuality and Variability
Authors: Raeff Catherine 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This chapter presents some implications and applications of the theoretical framework that is presented in Chapters 5, 6, and 7. It promotes thinking about action non-dichotomously by addressing how action is simultaneously general and individualized, as well as simultaneously stable and variable. It is argued that general or universal human processes can be played out in individualized ways of acting and in how individuals subjectively construct experience. The chapter then focuses on how the theoretical framework provides a basis for thinking about how action is both stable and variable. This chapter also considers issues pertaining to personality and what it means to know someone. It ends by using the theoretical framework to think non-dichotomously about how varied aspects of human action occur simultaneously.
Casting a Wide Net
Authors: Raeff Catherine 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The goal of this chapter is to further consider how the theoretical framework presented in the book is applicable to so much of what people do, as well as to so many complex human issues and concerns. In this chapter, a wide net is cast to consider how the theoretical framework is applicable to eating, freedom, attitudes, extreme action, and art. By thinking about these topics in terms of action, readers can see how the book’s theoretical framework provides a common language for thinking systematically about a wide range of complex issues. The chapter shows how the book’s action perspective provides ways of thinking systematically about the complexities of action as people go about their lives in all corners of the world.
Complex and Empathic Understanding
Authors: Raeff Catherine 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This chapter ties varied strands of the book together by first considering how the theoretical framework can be used to address the complexities of human action identified in Chapter 1 (i.e., holism, dynamics, variability, multicausality, and individuality). The chapter also offers guidelines for using the theoretical framework to think systematically about what people do in varied circumstances. The book ends by considering the complex and empathic image of and vision for humanity that the theoretical framework reflects and hopefully promotes and promulgates. In doing so, the chapter raises varied issues regarding diversity and commonality, as well as openness to change.
The Watershed
Authors: Ochoa Espejo Paulina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBorders stability is desirable, but if borders had to be redrawn, what principle should be used to do so? Existing principles conflict: Uti possidetis favors the status quo, while the principle of self-determination is revisionist and favors unified peoples, and political cosmopolitanism seeks to undo borders altogether. This chapter offers an alternative: the Watershed Model of territorial politics, which draws borders around places. The model uses place-specific duties to identify non-state and nonmarket local cooperative institutions of resource use (specifically water) as a template to draw local political borders. The local institutions used for border drawing are intrinsically connected to geographic features, which means that border plebiscites do not fall into the same circularity as under the principle of self-determination. The Watershed Model, moreover, uses water conservation as a principle that those inside and outside the border could accept, because water conservation is both a universal and a local (and context-sensitive) value.