bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legal Standing Pemohon dalam Perkara Pembubaran Partai Politik Berdasarkan Prinsip Negara Demokrasi
Authors: Nurlaily Rahmah , Wafa Moh Ali , Umam Irfan Khairul 
Published: June 2020

This research is to know how the provisions regarding the legal standing dissolution of political parties in the country of democracy, namely Indonesia and Germany, and know the legal position of the applicant in the case of dissolution of political parties in Indonesia in accordance with the principles of democracy, this is based on studies with the German state. This research uses the type of normative research, in this research method of data collection is done by Library Research technique, by studying the literature, rules of invite-invitations, books, official documents, and writings of scholars related to this thesis. The Data has been compiled and analyzed using a juridical normative method or qualitative method, which is a study that specialized in the study based on the legal theories that are then associated with legislation.The approach used in this research is a statutory approach as well as an analytical approach. The results of this research showed a comparison of legal standing applicants for the dissolution of political parties in Indonesia with Germany, where Indonesia has similarities with the German state that both have a multi-party system as well as the authority to dissolution its political party owned by the Constitutional Court, but in the application of a legal standing applicant dissolution of a different political party, which German , the implementation is already based on the principle of democracy, unlike Indonesia which legal standing applicants only government only, of course this is not based on the principle of democracy state when mirrored to the German state. That there should be other parties who become applicants in the case of the dissolution of political parties in Indonesia, namely the DPR and DPD, it reflects the life of a democratic country and the oversight of the political parties and governments who become parties in the application of the dissolution of the political party, for that it is necessary to study the authority of the applicant in the dissolution of political parties in
Antioxidant effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Ashrasi date palm in hepatotoxicity caused by mercuric chloride administration
Authors: Roshankhah Shiva , Shabanizadeh Ahmad , Abdolmaleki Amir , Salahshoor Mohammad Reza 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: date palm (ADP) is a flowering plant type of the palm family which has strong antioxidant properties. Mercuric chloride (MC) is a complex substance that generates oxidative stress. This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of ADP on the , inflammatory, oxidative and apoptotic changes induced by MC.
Methods: Fifty-six male rats were randomly allocated into 8 groups (n = 7) as follows: Group 1- control, 2- MC (50 mg/kg), 3-5: ADP (30, 90, and 270 mg/kg), and 6-8: MC+ADP. The rats were orally and administrated with the respective agents for 5 weeks. Extracts of ADP were prepared and screening was conducted. Nitric oxide (NO), lipid (LP), and Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) assays were conducted to assess the antioxidant index. The levels of p53, Bcl2 and Bax gene expression were assessed by real-time PCR. Cytokines involved in inflammation were evaluated by enzyme-linked assay (ELISA). Liver enzymes were also measured using biochemical methods. changes (e.g. in hepatocyte (HD) and central hepatic vein (CHV)), and apoptosis cell index were evaluated by light and fluorescent microscopy methods.
Results: MC treatment significantly increased all parameters described in the Methods section (except for FRAP level and Bcl2 expression level, which were both decreased) in the MC group, when compared to the control group (P &lt; 0.05). Also, all indices were significantly decreased in the ADP and ADP+MC groups (except for FRAP level and Bcl2 expression level, which were increased), when compared to the MC group (P &lt; 0.05).
Conclusion: These findings revealed that ADP extract can serve as a potent antioxidant which effectively attenuates the adverse effects of MC on the liver through the activation of antioxidant mechanisms and regeneration of modifications.
Trends and Variation in Care and Outcomes for Children Hospitalized With Acute Gastroenteritis
Authors: Nabower Aleisha M. , Hall Matt , Burrows Jason , Dave Amanda , Deschamp Ashley , Dike Chinenye R. , Euteneuer Joshua C. , Mauch Teri , McCulloh Russell , Ortmann Laura , Simonsen Kari , Skar Gwenn , Snowden Jessica , Taylor Veronica , Markham Jessica L. 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVES:
Assess trends in inpatient acute gastroenteritis (AGE) management across children’s hospitals and identify elements of AGE management associated with resource use.

METHODS:
We examined inpatient stays for children 6 months to 18 years hospitalized with AGE from 2009 to 2018 using the Pediatric Health Information System database. We characterized demographics, hospital-level resource use (ie, medications, laboratories, and imaging), and outcomes (ie, cost per case, 14-day revisit rates, and length of stay [LOS]). We compared demographic characteristics and resource use between 2009 to 2013 and 2014 to 2018 using χ2 and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. We grouped hospitals on the basis of 2009 use of each resource and trended use over time using logistic regression. Annual change in mean cost and LOS were estimated by using models of log-transformed data.

RESULTS:
Across 32 354 hospitalizations at 38 hospitals, there was a high use of electrolyte testing (85.4%) and intravenous fluids (84.1%) without substantial changes over time. There were significant reductions in the majority of laboratory, medication, and imaging resources across hospitals over the study period. The most notable reductions were for rotavirus and stool testing. Many hospitals saw a decrease in LOS, with only 3 noting an increased revisit rate. Reductions in cost per case over time were most associated with decreases in imaging, laboratory testing, and LOS.

CONCLUSIONS:
Significant variation in resource use for children hospitalized with AGE coupled with high use of resources discouraged in AGE guidelines highlights potential opportunities to improve resource use that may be addressed in future AGE guidelines and quality improvement initiatives.
Trends in 30-Day Readmission for Medicaid and Privately Insured Pediatric Patients: 2010–2017
Authors: Bucholz Emily M. , Schuster Mark A. , Toomey Sara L. 
Published: July 2020

BACKGROUND:
Children insured by Medicaid have higher readmission rates than privately insured children. However, little is known about whether this disparity has changed over time.

METHODS:
Data from the 2010 to 2017 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Readmissions Database were used to compare trends in 30-day readmission rates for children insured by Medicaid and private insurers. Patient-level crude and risk-adjusted readmission rates were compared by using Poisson regression. Hospital-level risk-adjusted readmission rates were compared between Medicaid- and privately insured patients within a hospital by using linear regression.

RESULTS:
Approximately 60% of pediatric admissions were covered by Medicaid. From 2010 to 2017, the percentage of children with a complex or chronic condition increased for both Medicaid- and privately insured patients. Readmission rates were consistently higher for Medicaid beneficiaries from 2010 to 2017. Readmission rates declined slightly for both Medicaid- and privately insured patients; however, they declined faster for privately insured patients (rate ratio: 0.988 [95% confidence interval: 0.986–0.989] vs 0.995 [95% confidence interval: 0.994–0.996], P for interaction &lt;.001]). After adjustment, readmission rates for Medicaid- and privately insured patients declined at a similar rate (P for interaction = .87). Risk-adjusted hospital readmission rates were also consistently higher for Medicaid beneficiaries. The within-hospital difference in readmission rates for Medicaid versus privately insured patients remained stable over time (slope for difference: 0.015 [SE 0.011], P = .019).

CONCLUSIONS:
Readmission rates for Medicaid- and privately insured pediatric patients declined slightly from 2010 to 2017 but remained substantially higher among Medicaid beneficiaries suggesting a persistence of the disparity by insurance status.
DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (ESD) BASED CHEMSDRO MOBILE LEARNING FOR INDONESIAN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL: RATE OF REACTION
Authors: Fibonacci Anita , Azizati Zidni , Wahyudi Tomi 
Published: July 2020

ICT learning media mostly emphasize students content and motivation. The emphasis on protecting the environment as a form of development of sustainable living awareness is often considered not significant. Accordingly, many youth students begin to lose development of sustainable living awareness. This study aimed to produce and evaluate a learning media based on games in Android mobile learning- Chemsdro (Chemistry in Android) oriented to Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) on the topic rate of reaction. Characteristic of Chemsdro Learning Media was the topic of rate of reaction created in the form of games that embedded in android mobile phones with game characters who have a mission to protect the environment. This learning tool was designed to give motivation for students to care about the environment. This research was Research and Development model, it was adopted the steps from Thiagarajaan including define, design, develop, and dissemination steps. The subjects of this study were students grade XI of SMA 1 Kendal. The product validation showed that the Chemsdro learning media was a very appropriate category to use with the Aiken V coefficient of 0.9. Student assessment of Chemsdro learning media also showed a good category.
Vulneración al derecho de la libertad de expresión
Authors: Machado Maliza Mesías , Cangas Oña Ximena , Machado Maliza Fernando 
Published: June 2020

La libertad de expresión es uno de los derechos reconocidos a nivel mundial, consiste en expresarse de manera libre y pública sin ningún tipo de impedimento, pese a ello a nivel nacional existe una clara y evidente vulneración en el ejercicio del derecho a la libertad de expresión de medios escritos y del periodismo ecuatoriano, contraponiendo a lo manifestado en los tratados, convenios internacionales suscritos por nuestro país y reconocidos por nuestra constitución, retrocediendo a los límites más estrictos ocurridos en el pasado y transgrediendo el avance jurídico-constitucional logrado por quienes buscan expresarse de manera objetiva e imparcial ; oprimiendo este tipo de socialización humana transmitido a través de los medios de comunicación. El objetivo del tema de investigación es analizar las causas por las cuales se coarta el ejercicio del derecho a la libertad de expresión. En este sentido, se trata de una investigación documental. Finalmente se concluye que en los últimos años los medios de comunicación escritos y de periodismo se han visto amenazados por los gobiernos de turno quienes poseen intereses en los sectores políticos y económicos aplacando sus expresiones y opiniones, es por ello que se logró la socialización a los estudiantes de la carrera de Derecho de la UNIANDES extensión Riobamba quienes han sido los beneficiados acerca del tema investigado.
Teaching in the Montessori Classroom
Authors: Ahlquist Eva-Maria Tebano , Gynther Per Wilhelm Sven Gustav 
Published: July 2020

The theory of Montessori education has been interpreted by some researchers to be vaguely formulated. However, as shown in previous research, Maria Montessori’s didactic approach to teaching and learning mathematics is fully consistent with variation theory and the theory of embodiment. Dr. Montessori used the theoretical concept of isolation of quality, which means that the learning objects have to be kept identical except for one variable, which has to differ to be perceptible. This concept is in alignment with variation theory, which emphasizes variation as a necessary condition for learners to discern aspects of an object of learning. The other theory applied in this article is the theory of embodiment: important cognitive functions are fundamentally grounded in action that is concordant with Dr. Montessori’s view that mind and movement are parts of the same entity.
This article reports on a qualitative single-case study with a formative intention in which we investigated the significance of being acquainted with variation theory and the theory of embodiment when working with Montessori material. The study analyzes a teacher’s mathematics presentations with the Montessori material and the children’s work with this material, using Epistemological Move Analysis, which focuses on how the teacher directs children’s learning. The analysis was shared with the teacher to support her awareness of the ways teaching can be developed from a variation and embodiment theoretical perspective. Results show that the teacher’s awareness of why a specific learning object be treated in accordance with variation theory and embodiment seems to promote a more constructive and effective way to direct children’s learning.
Montessori Education and a Neighborhood School
Authors: Burbank Mary D , Goldsmith Melissa M. , Spikner Jennifer , Park Koeun 
Published: July 2020

Project SYNC (Systems, Yoked through Nuanced Collaboration) details perspectives of a community of stakeholders committed to the enhancement of early childhood (i.e., prekindergarten through grade 3) education. Although there is a growing number of public-school programs informed by the Montessori philosophy, Montessori educational experiences often take place within affluent communities. SYNC aimed to enhance the prekindergarten through grade 3 educational experiences for traditionally underserved students by transforming two traditional early childhood classrooms to Montessori settings within a diverse, Title I school. Montessori pedagogy, curricula, and materials aligned with the school’s dedicated commitment to social justice. The study, one in a series, explored the impact of Montessori education on a neighborhood school community as evidenced through stakeholder opinions, project implementation, and teacher attitudes. Project data illustrate that a Montessori educational experience created learning opportunities that supported children from culturally and ethnically diverse communities in a traditional, Title I elementary school.
Партнерство, семья и родительство в нарративах незарегистрированных пар
Authors: Егорова Надежда Юрьевна , Шорыгин Евгений Александрович 
Published: June 2020

Изменения в сфере семьи и брака приводят к появлению новых альтернативных семейных практик и расширению границ понятия семьи и семейных отношений. В частности, близкие интимные отношения выходят за пределы брака, все больше пар не регистрируют отношения. Более того, на включение в число семейных претендуют не только гетеро-, но и гомосексуальные партнерства. В этом контексте критерий самоопределения индивида / пары начинает играть все более важную роль для признания отношений «семейными», а привычных критериев (регистрация брака, наличие детей) становится недостаточно. Как следствие, в рамках длительной публичной дискуссии о месте в семейном поле новых форм организации семьи и брака, встает вопрос о самоидентификации гомо- и гетеросексуальных незарегистрированных пар. На основе сравнительного анализа данных отечественных и зарубежных исследований гетеро- и гомосексуальных отношений и анализа материалов интервью c незарегистрированными гетеро- и гомосексуальными парами (N=22 человека), проведенных авторами в Нижнем Новгороде в 2015–2016 гг., описываются мотивы создания семьи, восприятие отношений и статуса в семейной сфере, брачные и репродуктивные установки партнеров, распределение функций в парах. Результаты анализа позволяют выделить как специфические, так и общие черты союзов разной сексуальной ориентации. С одной стороны, в обоих типах союзов присутствует ориентация на формирование длительных и устойчивых отношений с партнером, желание воспитывать детей, быть парой, семьей. С другой стороны, возможности однополых союзов ограничены отсутствием как институциальной, так и любой другой поддержки, в том числе со стороны близких, особенно в России. В этих условиях партнерство, брак для гомосексуальных пар приобретают особую ценность. Формируя основу для социальной и психологической защищенности, регистрация отношений становится возможностью доказать окружающим свою полноценность. Родительство позволяет негетеросексуальным парам чувствовать себя семьей. Для гетеросексуальных союзов регистрация и рождение детей остаются свободным выбором.
Las metodologías empleadas en la innovación educativa
Authors: Real Martínez Santiago , Ramirez Fernández Santiago , Bermudez  Martínez María , Pino Rodríguez Ana M.ª 
Published: July 2020

En este trabajo se analizan las metodologías empleadas el proceso de innovación educativa tomando como referente los principios de la Teoría Fundamentada como guía para elaborar descripciones de todos los procesos subyacentes a los relatos emitidos por diferentes agentes innovadores en los centros educativos. A partir de los datos obtenidos se analizan las diversas metodologías empleadas en los centros comprometidos con la innovación educativa. A modo de conclusión, podemos decir que la innovación educativa participa de diversas metodologías y no mantiene ninguna de forma exclusiva.
Искусство и экофилософия: ленд-арт как феномен культуры
Authors: Кожаринова Анна Ростиславовна 
Published: July 2020

<p class="western"><span>В статье представлен культурфилософский анализ ленд-арта — направления в искусстве, появившегося во второй половине ХХ в.</span></p><p class="western"><span>Анализируются причины появления этого направления в искусстве: отчуждение человека индустриальной цивилизации от природы и глобализация экологических проблем в последней трети ХХ в. Рассматриваются особенности ленд-арта, к главным из которых можно отнести следующие. Во-первых,<span> путем </span>фиксации на холистическом подходе к системе «человек — природа — культура» в искусстве земли</span><span>наблюдается<span> снятие закрепленной еще античными философами оппозиции «культура — натура». Во-вторых, в качестве средств художественной выразительности авторами используются принципиально новые для искусства материалы растительного и животного характера (вплоть до микроорганизмов, которые продуктами своей жизнедеятельности могут, к примеру, создавать фон произведения искусства). В-третьих, специфические техники создания произведений искусства призваны обеспечивать </span>хрупкость и непрерывную изменчивость арт-объектов, что обусловлено распространением идеи глобального эволюционизма. В-четвертых, новым для искусства становится выход произведений из музейного контекста<span> и его </span>непосредственное соединение с природной средой<span>. В-пятых, интересна и крайне необычна для классического искусства обращенность авторов ленд-арта к телесному опыту зрителей (в частности, к такому необычному для искусства чувству обоняния).</span></span></p><p class="western"><span>Сделан вывод о том, что ленд-арт становится необычным и интересным инструментом, описывающим и интерпретирующим современную нам новую природную и культурную реальность.</span></p>
Как предотвратили депортацию финно-угорских народов в 1944 г.
Authors: Васильев Юрий Альбертович 
Published: July 2020

<p>В статье освещается уникальный и практически неизвестный исторический факт о предотвращении депортации финно-угорского населения СССР в 1944 г. на территории Ленинградской области и Карело-Финской ССР, освобожденной войсками Карельского фронта от оккупации. Упоминание о нем впервые появилось в средствах массовой информации Финляндии в конце 1980-х — начале 1990-х гг. Однако научной историографии по данной проблеме до сих пор нет.</p><p>Как свидетельствуют документы Российского государственного архива социально-политической истории (РГАСПИ), обнаруженные в результате целенаправленного исследовательского поиска автора, в ходе наступления Карельского фронта в июне — августе 1944 г. возникла реальная угроза возможного выселения ингерманландцев, карел, финнов, вепсов и других коренных северных народов, оказавшихся в годы Великой Отечественной войны на территории, оккупированной финляндскими и немецкими войсками.</p><p>Раскрывается содержание докладной записки военного корреспондента газеты «Правда» М. М. Шура в редколлегию главного партийного органа СССР, в которой в жесткой форме констатировалось наличие угрозы насильственных мероприятий в отношении финно-угорского населения. По определению военкора, обострение национального вопроса получило наименование «карельский вопрос». Освещаются коллизии, связанные с дальнейшим его обсуждением в ЦК ВКП(б), участием высшего партийного руководства страны — секретарей ЦК партии Г. М. Маленкова, А. А. Жданова, А. С. Щербакова, главного редактора газеты «Правда» П. Н. Поспелова.</p><p>По утверждению автора, предотвращение депортации на Севере в 1944 г. было осуществлено по указанию «высшей инстанции» — Верховного главнокомандующего И. В. Сталина. Принятие данного решения обосновано геополитической ситуацией, государственными интересами СССР и Финляндии, результатом чего стало заключение перемирия в Москве 19 сентября 1944 г. </p>
Estimation of the Parameters of Historical Earthquakes with a New Attenuation Equation in Yunnan Province, China
Authors: Lin Guoliang , Wang Jian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractYunnan Province is in southwest China, where the seismicity has been active since ancient times. Generally, the uncertainty of historical earthquake parameters is larger. To amend the parameters of historical earthquakes, we have developed a new intensity attenuation equation. From 2000 to 2018, there were 25 instrumentally recorded earthquakes with Ms 5.0–6.6 in Yunnan. The parameters of those earthquake events, including their epicentral locations and magnitudes, are determined with high accuracy. Meanwhile, total intensity values of 1345 intensity data points have been carefully assessed by survey. With both accurate earthquake parameters and valuable intensity data, a new intensity attenuation equation has been established. The result shows the optimal intensity magnitude MI can be calculated from the mean of Mi=(I−2.1113+0.0412Δi+1.3717lgΔi)/1.1641, in which Δi is the distance between the epicenter and the surveyed seismic point. By adapting the method proposed by Bakun and Wentworth (1997) for determining earthquake source parameters directly from historical intensity data, we have tested retrospectively the new attenuation on the 25 instrumentally recorded earthquakes. Then this attenuation was applied to deal with the parameters of two historical earthquakes, the 26 February 1713 Xundian earthquake and the 11 May 1909 Huaning earthquakes. Our results reduced the uncertainty of previously estimated parameters, which were large. The amended parameters will be valuable for seismic hazard analysis and earthquake disaster reduction.