bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal course of clinical lung clearance index in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Frauchiger Bettina S. , Binggeli Severin , Yammine Sophie , Spycher Ben , Krüger Linn , Ramsey Kathryn A. , Latzin Philipp 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundAlthough the lung clearance index (LCI) is a sensitive marker of small airway disease in individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), less is known about longitudinal changes in LCI during routine clinical surveillance. Here, our objectives were to describe the longitudinal course of LCI in children with CF during routine clinical surveillance and assess influencing factors.MethodsChildren with CF aged 3–18 years performed LCI measurements every 3 months as part of routine clinical care between 2011 and 2018. We recorded clinical data at every visit. We used a multilevel mixed effect model to determine changes in LCI over time and identify clinical factors that influence LCI course.ResultsWe collected LCI measurements from 1204 visits (3603 trials) in 78 participants, of which 907 visits had acceptable LCI data. The average unadjusted increase in LCI for the entire population was 0.29 (95% CI 0.20–0.38) LCI units·year−1. The increase in LCI was more pronounced in adolescence (0.41 (95% CI 0.27–0.54) LCI units·year−1). Colonisation with eitherPseudomonas aeruginosaorAspergillus fumigatus, pulmonary exacerbations, CF-related diabetes and bronchopulmonary aspergillosis were associated with a higher increase in LCI over time. Adjusting for clinical risk factors reduced the increase in LCI over time to 0.24 (95% CI 0.16–0.33) LCI units·year−1.ConclusionsLCI measured during routine clinical surveillance is associated with underlying disease progression in children with CF. An increased change in LCI over time should prompt further diagnostic intervention.
1D mechanical earth modeling in the Permian Lucaogou Shale of the Santanghu Basin, Northwest China, from a complete set of laboratory data
Authors: Liu Bo , Liu Kouqi , Abarghani Arash , Khatibi Seyedalireza , Kong Lingyun , Rafieepour Saeed , Li Xinning , Ostadhassan Mehdi 
Published: December 2020

Understanding various properties of unconventional shale plays is important for successful field operations and development. We have comprehensively examined a total of 11 core plugs from the productive unit of the Middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in the Santanghu Basin with various experimental tools. Mineral assemblages were detected, and we found that samples are in the oil window with a combination of type I and II kerogens. After static and dynamic geomechanical analysis, we established a correlation between ultrasonic and static geomechanical parameters. The results indicated that the samples have a brittle behavior with hydrostatic compressive strength ranging from 177.68 to 419.63 MPa, and static Young’s modulus from 9.93 to 53.24 GPa. In the next step, using the measured data we calibrated the only existing well log from where the samples were retrieved and we built an 1D mechanical earth model throughout the entire target formation. Ultimately, by using partial least-squares regression analysis, we determined that feldspar and calcite are the main stiff minerals that would affect the mechanical properties positively, whereas clay minerals and organic matter could have a negative impact on the rock mechanical parameters.
Dynamic Correspondence of the Hang Power Clean to Skating Starts in Men's Ice Hockey
Authors: Laakso Lassi A. , Schuster Jake G. 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
The transfer of training of the hang power clean to skating starts in men's ice hockey was evaluated applying Verkhoshansky and Siff's proposed criteria of dynamic correspondence to the existing research. A relatively high degree of dynamic correspondence was evidenced throughout the criteria, although with a consideration of the sagittal plane alone. Based on this evaluation, the use of the hang power clean in training increases ice hockey players' capacity to express their skill through an improvement in peak force output and an increase in rate of force development in lower limb extension and is therefore recommended to practitioners training ice hockey players.
Effects of television viewing on preschoolers-a cross sectional Indian population-based study
Authors: Gandhi Vipulkumar V. , Oswal Jitendra S. 
Published: December 2020

Background: Television (TV) viewing creates tremendous influence on daily life; hence concerns have been raised on viewers, especially in preschool age group children. An existing literature has documented significant correlation between TV viewing and various behavior related problems among the other age groups. This study attempted to assess TV viewing habits in preschool children.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out over a period of 2 years at the tertiary health care center and a total of 500 children between 2 to 5 years of age, visiting the center, were included. Pre-validated 32 item questionnaire was used to collect data regarding television viewing habits from parents/guardians. TV viewing >2 hours was considered as excessive as per American academy of pediatrics (AAP) recommendation. Data analysis was done in SPSS version 20 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and statistical differences were computed by ‘chi-square test’ and ‘paired t test’. Results: There was statistically significant association between TV viewing and subject’s behavior. ‘Becoming angry on switching off TV’ was the most protuberant behaviour; followed by ‘imitating TV characters’ among the subjects. In addition to these effects on food habits, sleep pattern and play activity were also noted with excessive TV viewing group.Conclusions: The current study reported a negative influence of TV viewing on behavior, sleep patterns, food habits and play activities of preschool age children. Parents should implement multipronged strategy like scheduling TV watching duration, limiting child’s total screen time, supervising and guiding child’s TV viewing activities to make better use of television for their children.
Drug therapy and cost analysis of urinary tract infections in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Nepal
Authors: Bastola Naba Raj , Giri Sagarananda , Subedi Kushal , Pandey Bipindra , Adhikari Bibek , Karki Renu 
Published: December 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common infection caused by the presence and growth of pathogenic microorganisms within the human urinary system into the lower and upper genito-urinary tract. UTI continues to be major health problems in developing countries like Nepal.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective observational study was conducted from June 2019 to November 2019 in the outpatient and inpatient department of Manipal teaching hospital. The face-to-face interview was adopted in 137 UTI patients with the census sampling technique. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 137 patients (121 out-patients and 16 in-patients), 82 (59.85%) female, and 55 (40.15%) males were enrolled in which UTI was observed in more than half of the sample in the aged group of 25-54. <em>Escherichia coli</em> was the most common uropathogens isolated whereas dysuria was the most common presenting symptom among the patients. Cefixime 200 mg followed by nitrofurantoin 100 mg was the most commonly prescribed medicine for UTI. Disodium hydrogen 1.40 g oral liquid, pantoprazole 40 mg tablet, and multivitamins were commonly prescribed supportive medications. The empirically prescribed average cost was Nepalese rupee (NRs.) 820.44 whereas the total definitive average cost was NRs. 305.54. The average cost of medical management for in-patients was NRs. 2316.55 including registration, urine analysis, investigation bed charge, and other consumable charges as well as discharge medicine cost.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> With lower cost, higher sensitivity, and high prescription, cefixime, and nitrofurantoin could be better drugs for the management of UTI among outpatient department (OPD) patients while ceftriaxone could be better for in-patients.</p><p> </p>
Estimation of vitamin D level in low backache cases and their outcome after treatment with vitamin D
Authors: Khanna Mohit , Dahiya Amit , Garg Abhishek , Yadav Umesh , Sheoran Ajay , Dutta Mayank , Singh Lovjot , Sharma Rakesh , . Amit 
Published: December 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Vitamin D has a significant role to play in bone metabolism and neuromuscular function. Several researchers have indicated that vitamin D deficiency may be possibly related to chronic musculoskeletal pain including chronic low back pain (CLBP). Objectives of this present study were conducted to rule out the vitamin D deficiency in a patient can also be a cause of low backache other than various spinal disorders like PIVD, spondylolisthesis etc. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 50 patients, of any age who visited the Department of Orthopedics outpatient/Emergency, with chief complaint of low backache without any low backache disease like PIVD and spondylolisthesis etc. were thoroughly interviewed and examined for any concomitant pathological disease of spine. Patient’s Blood sample of about 5 ml with syringe of 10 cc. were taken and the serum vitamin D level was assayed by “direct competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay” (CLIA). <strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 50 patients of low backache and vitamin D deficiency, 33 patients have good outcome in their pain after getting treatment in form of Vitamin D. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We concluded that the vitamin D plays a major role in low backache and after treatment there is significant improvement in low backache. </p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Cambios esperados en las funciones administrativas después de la emergencia sanitaria: estudio en directivos de España y Colombia
Authors: Navia-Núñez Marcela , Stefanu-Lidorikiotu Yanna 
Published: December 2020

La enfermedad COVID-19 ha generado una parálisis mundial. Una empresa colombiana y una española analizaron el caso de directivos en la etapa de confinamiento por medio de un estudio asincrónico con el método cualitativo Delphi. En el estudio, participaron encargados de recursos humanos, mercadeo o ambas áreas. Se evaluaron grandes empresas, pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes), organizaciones sin fines de lucro y agremiaciones ubicadas en España y Colombia. Si bien el objetivo inicial fue estudiar los cambios esperados en las relaciones interpersonales, a medida que los participantes abrieron temas de debate, se abordaron las funciones administrativas, que es el foco del presente artículo.La función administrativa de planeación ha sido la más afectada por la pandemia. Se encontró que se han extendido otras formas de organización. Tal es el caso del teletrabajo, cuyas dificultades para la interacción y la manera de ejercer su control simultáneo preocupan a los directivos. Por ello, se debe trabajar en lazos de confianza y comunicación. Por otro lado, en el período de cuarentena, se aprendió a tomar decisiones más rápidamente. Con respecto a las expectativas futuras, se espera que los directivos muestren más empatía hacia las necesidades ajenas y que prevalezca la funcionalidad de ellos en el desempeño de las tareas administrativas.
PERUBAHAN PASAL 7 AYAT (1) UNDANG-UNDANG PERNIKAHAN NO. 1 TAHUN 1974 TERKAIT PENINGKATAN BATASAN USIA PERNIKAHAN DALAM TINJAUAN USHUL FIQH
Authors: Wardani Galuh Retno Setyo , Tamrin Muh. Khusni , Ni’am M. Midrorun , Azizah Noer 
Published: December 2020

Meskipun telah resmi diberlakukan menurut hasil keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi, namun pro kontra terkait dengan revisi pasal 7 ayat (1) undang-undang No. 1 tahun 1974 masih menjadi topik yang begitu hangat diperbincangkan. Kenyataan bahwa upaya para penentu kebijakan dalam hal menciptakan ketentua-ketentuan demi menghilangkan datangnya kemudaratan adalah perkara yang cukup rumit dan tidak serta merta diterima oleh semua kalangan. Oleh karenanya dalam penelitian ini, penulis mencoba untuk menghimpun argumen pendukung agar supaya revisi undang-undang ini dapat diterima dengan bijak oleh semua golongan. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis kemudian berusaha melakukan klarifikasi dengan revisi undang-undang sebagai objek dan menempatkan ushul fiqh sebagai pisau analisis. Termaktub dalam penelitian ini beberapa dalil-dalil hingga kaidah-kaidah yang kesemuanya menjadi pendukung dan penguat lahirnya revisi undang-undang sebagai upaya untuk memperoleh tujuan haqiqi yakni kemaslahatan umat serta usaha untuk menghilangkan kemudaratan. Problematika usia pernikahan yang menjadi inti bahasan dalam pasal 7 ayat (1) Undang-ndang no. 1 tahun 1974 menjadi pembahsan yang menurut penulis sangat urgent untuk dikupas tuntas menggunakan perspektif hokum islam. Dalam hal ini penulis menspesifikkan dalam tinjauan ushul fiqh. Dalam penelitian ini juga dipaparkan semua komponen bahasan terkait denga revisi undang-undang mulai dari latar belakang adanya revisi sampai kepada diputuskannya peningkatan usia minimal pernikahan melalui Mahkamah Konstitusi. Kemudian penulis memaparkan kaitan eratnya dengan ilmu ushul fiqh dengan menawarkan dalil dan kaidah pendukung, maka ditarik sebuah kesimpulan mendasar bahwa revisi undang-undang tersebut adalah benar dan sama sekali tidak terdapat penyimpangan dari ketentuan agama dalam hal ini hukum islam.
Kontekstualisasi Pemikiran Al-Farabi Menuju Indonesia yang Bahagia dan Negara Ideal
Authors: Yani Syamsiyani 
Published: December 2020

The political upheaval that has been on display in Indonesia lately is increasingly showing the poor morality of society and the nation's civilization. Al-F?rabi invites politics to achieve the existence of peace and happiness, one of which is the ideal state or al-Madinah al-F?dilah. This is where the goal of presenting the figure of the Islamic philosopher, al-F?rabi as a very famous figure who is famous for his thought ‘ara Ahl al-M?dinah. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative library research approach. A descriptive approach is a research method that aims to develop a theory of thought or figure. The aim is to reveal the reality of al-F?rabi's thinking in accordance with the reality in the field, from al-F?rabi's political thinking is expected to create an advanced Indonesian state, a happy and ideal country, especially for universal community life.
Investigation of ACE rs4646994, MTHFR rs1801133 and VDR rs2228570 Genotypes in Jordanian Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome
Authors: Khalil Raida , Al-Awaida Wajdy J. , Al-Ameer Hamzeh J. , Jarrar Yazun , Imraish Amer , Al Bawareed Omar , Qawadri Rand , Al Madhoon Farah , Obeidat Loiy 
Published: December 2020

Background:
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic disease characterized by widespread body pain,
weakness in certain parts of the body (critical points), low pain tolerance, sleep disturbances, and fatigue. This syndrome is
considered rare in Jordan.

Objectives:
The research aimed to find out the association of the angiotensin converting enzyme, methylenetetrahydrofolate
reductase, and vitamin D receptor (ACE, MHFTR, and VDR, respectively) genotypes with FMS among Jordanian patients.

Methods:
This work included 22 FM patients and 22 healthy individuals of Jordanian Arabic origin. The ACE rs4646994,
MTHFR rs1801133, and VDR rs2228570 genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by
restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Results:
No associations between ACE rs4646994, MTHFR rs1801133, and VDR rs2228570 with the vulnerability of a
person for the development of FMS were found. However, we found an association between the ACE rs4646994 genotype
and restless leg among FM patients.

Conclusion:
Based on result from this study, it appears that the ACE rs4646994 genotype is associated with restless leg
among FMS patients of Jordanian origin. Further clinical investigations with larger sample sizes are required to confirm
these findings and to understand the molecular mechanism of ACE rs4646994 genetic variant in the restless leg syndrome
among FM patients.
Gender Comparison of Students’ Perception of Educational Environment using DREEM Inventory, College of Dentistry, Jazan University
Authors: Al Moaleem Mohammed M. , Shubayr Mosa A. , Aldowsari Mannaa K. , Al-Ahmari Manea M. , Al Ahmari Nasser M. , Alshadidi Abdulkhaliq A. 
Published: December 2020

Background:
The Educational Environment (EE) has an extremely important role in effective student learning. The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) is a validated and widely tool to assess the EE in health and particularly in dental professional education programs.

Objective:
This study aimed to compare male and female dental students' perception regarding DREEM inventory of EE in Jazan University. A cross-sectional questionnaire included questions on demographic information and the DREEM of EEs.

Methods:
DREEM was used to gather information from our BDS students’ program about the environment in our institution. The data were selected from 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th year students. Data from 330 participants were distributed manually. Other factors such as type of graduated school, level of education, student’s GPA, and monthly income of family were assessed. All the data were analyzed.

Results:
286 (86%) of the students completed and returned the DREEM questionnaires. There was no statistically significant difference between genders with respect to mean scores of perceptions of learning. Also, there was a significant difference in terms of educational level, but no significant differences were observed in the DREEM subscales. The average overall DREEM score of the study subjects indicated a positive learning perception of 130.8 for males and 130.2 for females. The subscale for both genders involved students’ perception of learning as 32.1, the students’ perception of teaching as 29.1, while the students’ academic self-perception was 21.7. The students’ self-perception of atmosphere was 30.0 while students’ social self-perception accounted for 17.5.

Conclusion:
Both gender students recorded positive values of the learning environment. Further, a qualitative investigation is recommended to be done on every single course to evaluate the changes and make necessary alterations.
A Cross-sectional Serological Study for Measles among Italian Medical Students in 2020
Authors: Marco Trabucco Aurilio , Iannuzzi I , Di Giampaolo L , Pietroiusti A , Ferrari C , Coppeta L 
Published: December 2020

Background:

Measles is an infectious disease and a major health concern worldwide. Among individuals with a higher risk of exposure to measles, there are the Health Care Workers (HCWs), who may transmit the virus to other people. According to the Italian National Plan for Immunization and Prevention, all HCWs should have presumptive evidence of immunity to measles (documented two doses of MMR vaccination) or serological evidence of protective antibodies.

Aim:
The study aims to evaluate the immunological status, the vaccine coverage, and the protective IgG antibody titre for measles in medical students of the teaching hospital PoliclinicoTor Vergata (PTV).

Methods:
IgG measles antibodies titre was evaluated in a sample of 461 medical students undergoing annual health surveillance visits from January 1st to May 31th, 2020.

Results:
73.7% of medical students showed protective measles IgG antibody levels. The immunization rate was higher among subjects aged less than 25 years with respect to students aged over 25 years (77.4% vs. 66.4%; P <0,001). Furthermore, average antibody titre showed a statistically significant association with the age group (124,2 AU/ml for the age group 18-25 and 133,2 AU/ml among subjects aged 25 or more; P<0.001).

Conclusion:
Our study shows a non-protective measles IgG antibody titre, especially among the older students. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the serological levels, to vaccinate those subjects whose antibody level is not adequate, and promote the vaccination even in the general population.
Patient Experience and Predictors of Improvement in a Group Behavioral and Educational Intervention for Individuals With Diabetes and Serious Mental Illness: Mixed Methods Case Study
Authors: Schnitzer Kristina , Cather Corrine , Zvonar Vanya , Dechert Alyson , Plummer Rachel , Lowman Kelsey , Pachas Gladys , Potter Kevin , Evins Anne Eden 
Published: December 2020

Background
In a previous study, participation in a 16-week reverse integrated care and group behavioral and educational intervention for individuals with diabetes and serious mental illness was associated with improved glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c) and BMI. To inform future implementation efforts, more information about the effective components of the intervention is needed.

Objective
The goal of this study is to identify the aspects of the intervention participants reported to be helpful and to evaluate the predictors of outcomes.

Methods
This study involved qualitative evaluation and post hoc quantitative analysis of a previous intervention. Qualitative data were collected using semistructured interviews with 69% (24/35) of the individuals who attended 1 or more group sessions and 35% (9/26) of the individuals who consented but attended no sessions. Quantitative mixed effects modeling was performed to test whether improved diabetes knowledge, diet, and exercise or higher group attendance predicted improved hemoglobin A1c and BMI. These interview and modeling outcomes were combined using a mixed methods case study framework and integrated thematically.

Results
In qualitative interviews, participants identified the application of health-related knowledge gained to real-world situations, accountability for goals, positive reinforcement and group support, and increased confidence in prioritizing health goals as factors contributing to the success of the behavioral intervention. Improved knowledge of diabetes was associated with reduced BMI (β=–1.27, SD 0.40; P=.003). No quantitative variables examined were significantly associated with improved hemoglobin A1c levels.

Conclusions
In this mixed methods analysis of predictors of success in a behavioral diabetes management program, group participants highlighted the value of positive reinforcement and group support, accountability for goals set, and real-world application of health-related knowledge gained. Improved diabetes knowledge was associated with weight loss.
Evaluating Population Density as a Parameter for Optimizing COVID-19 Testing: Statistical Analysis
Authors: Budhwani Karim I , Budhwani Henna , Podbielski Ben 
Published: December 2020

Background
SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk generally increases with the proximity of those shedding the virus to those susceptible to infection. Thus, this risk is a function of both the number of people and the area they occupy. However, the latter continues to evade the COVID-19 testing policy.

Objective
The aim of this study is to analyze per capita COVID-19 testing data reported for Alabama to evaluate whether testing realignment along population density, rather than density agnostic per capita, would be more effective.

Methods
Descriptive statistical analyses were performed for population, density, COVID-19 tests administered, and positive cases for all 67 Alabama counties.

Results
Tests reported per capita appeared to suggest widespread statewide testing. However, there was little correlation (r=0.28, P=.02) between tests per capita and the number of cases. In terms of population density, new cases were higher in areas with a higher population density, despite relatively lower test rates as a function of density.

Conclusions
Increased testing in areas with lower population density has the potential to induce a false sense of security even as cases continue to rise sharply overall.