bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A distributed soil moisture, temperature and infiltrometer dataset for permeable pavements and green spaces
Authors: Schaffitel Axel , Schuetz Tobias , Weiler Markus 
Published: March 2020

Abstract. Knowledge of water and energy fluxes is key for urban
planning and design. Nevertheless, hydrological data from urban environments
are sparse, and, as a result, many processes are still poorly understood and
thus inadequately represented within models. We contribute to reducing this
shortfall by providing a dataset that includes time series of soil
moisture and soil temperature measured underneath 18 different permeable
pavements (PPs) and 4 urban green spaces located within the city of Freiburg
(Germany). Time series were recorded with a high temporal resolution of
10 min using a total of 65 individual soil moisture sensors and covering a
measurement period of 2 years (November 2016–October 2018). The recorded
time series contain valuable information on the soil hydrological behavior
of PPs and demonstrate the effect of surface properties and surrounding
urban structures on soil temperatures. In addition, we performed double-ring
infiltration experiments, which in combination with the soil moisture
measurements yielded soil hydrological parameters for the PPs, including
porosity, field capacity and infiltration capacity. We present this unique
dataset, which is a valuable source of information for studying urban water
and energy cycles. We encourage its usage in various ways, e.g., for model
calibration and validation purposes, study of thermal regimes of cities, and derivation of urban water and energy fluxes. The dataset is freely available from
the FreiDok plus data repository at
https://freidok.uni-freiburg.de/data/151573 and
https://doi.org/10.6094/UNIFR/151573 (Schaffitel et al., 2019).
Making Mathematics Accessible to Non-Mathematics Majors
Authors: Sharkawi Mahmoud 
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this workshop is to present alternative strategies of instruction that will make the subjects of mathematics and statistics more accessible to students with non-mathematics backgrounds. It is not surprising that introductory mathematics and statistics courses can seem a little overwhelming and inaccessible to students with non-mathematics backgrounds. As a result, these students tend to feel distanced from the course material, or even discouraged from approaching instructors or teaching assistants (TAs) for help. The audience for this workshop includes graduate student TAs, post-doctoral fellows, instructors, lecturers, and anyone who wants to make mathematics and statistics a more engaging subject for students without the technical background.
The focus of this workshop will be two-fold. First, we will examine how mathematics/statistics instructors can explain concepts to students of different backgrounds effectively via various role-play scenarios. Second, we will use the jigsaw technique to break up complex mathematical problems into pieces with the aim of encouraging collaboration and student engagement (Perkins & Saris, 2001). By attending this workshop, instructors will be able to help undergraduate students see mathematics as a more enjoyable learning experience that they can apply in their own respective fields. These two activities will help students with non-mathematical backgrounds feel more engaged with the material and become more confident when asking for help from an instructor or TA.
As representações sociais da água de crianças e adolescentes de Joinville
Authors: Schwarz Maria Luiza , Bonatti Joceline , Meira Roberta Barros 
Published: March 2020

O desenho é uma linguagem que expressa sentimentos e opiniões, revelando o que o seu autor pensa sobre determinada temática. A água e sua importância na vida do homem e da biodiversidade, a maneira como ela é utilizada são questões que vêm sendo discutidas no contexto escolar devido a sua grande influência na vida em sociedade. Este artigo pretende identificar as representações sociais da água pelas crianças e adolescentes de diferentes faixas etárias em Joinville/SC. Foram analisados 192 desenhos elaborados a partir do enunciado “desenhe tudo o que lhe vem em mente quando falamos a palavra ‘água’”. Neste sentido, primeiramente as imagens foram classificadas quanto aos elementos representados, somando um total de 1865 itens. Posteriormente, a abordagem foi dividida em seis temas, conforme o grau de incidência nas representações. A água como importante elemento para a vida do homem e da biodiversidade local; a chuva como elemento importante para o abastecimento de rios e cachoeiras; a água como recurso finito; a água como atividade lúdica e de momentos de lazer; poluição das águas. Os resultados denotaram uma visão utilitarista da água. As crianças e os adolescentes percebem a água mais como um bem de consumo, o que indica necessidade de abordagens que enfoquem a água como Patrimônio Comum da Humanidade.
Parâmetros geomorfométricos para análise da suscetibilidade a movimentos de massa na área urbana de Blumenau, Santa Catarina
Authors: Kormann Tanice Cristina , Robaina Luís Eduardo de Souza 
Published: March 2020

Esta pesquisa objetiva apresentar uma proposta de caracterização do relevo da área urbana de Blumenau a partir da determinação da forma das vertentes utilizando os parâmetros geomorfométricos de declividade, plano e perfil de curvatura a fim de indicar a suscetibilidade a movimentos de massa. O município está situado na porção nordeste do estado de Santa Catarina, região sul do Brasil. A análise parte do cruzamento de dados geoespaciais relativos aos atributos topográficos utilizando procedimentos automatizados em ambiente de Sistemas de Informação Geográfica (SIG). A ocorrência histórica de eventos causadores de danos foi determinada a partir de dados da defesa civil municipal. A compartimentação geomorfométrica permitiu identificar oito unidades de relevo, sendo a Unidade VIII a que combina as condições de maior suscetibilidade à ocorrência de movimentos de massa: declividade superior a 30%, perfil côncavo e plano convergente. Os bairros que apresentam maior frequência de ocorrência da Unidade VIII são: Da Glória, Velha Grande, Ribeirão Fresco, Nova Esperança e Bom Retiro.
Francisco Ayala. Un intelectual orteguiano de vuelta a casa
Authors: Piras Alessio 
Published: March 2020

Después de la muerte de Franco, Francisco Ayala volvió definitivamente a España y se integró en la vida intelectual del país. En este artículo se pretende repasar cómo interpretó el granadino su papel de intelectual comprometido en la sociedad y de qué manera ha reinterpretado una parte del legado orteguiano en el periodo de la Transición. Se estudiará, pues, su labor intelectual en el marco del periodo transitorio a la democracia, enfocando este último con un planteamiento que rehúya las celebraciones enfáticas al igual que las críticas a priori.
After Franco’s death, Ayala back permanently to Spain and integrated into the intellectual day life of the country. The main goal of this article is to study how did Ayala interpret his role of compromised intellectual and in which way did he renew a part of José Ortega y Gasset political legacy during Spanish Transition. This paper is going to study, then, the intellectual work of Francisco Ayala during the Spanish Transition to democracy, and it will focus this historical period from a neutral point of view, avoiding both epic and catastrophic accounts.
Manuel Granell: filósofo, discípulo y lector de Ortega. El camino fenomenológico de la Estimativa a la Ethología
Authors: Expósito Ropero Noé , Quepons Ramírez Ignacio 
Published: March 2020

Nuestro trabajo persigue cuatro objetivos. Primero, recuperar la figura filosófica de Manuel Granell (Oviedo, 1906 - Caracas, 1993), uno de los grandes discípulos de Ortega, olvidada en la actualidad. Segundo, mostrar que la recuperación del pensamiento de Granell nos ofrece algunas claves fundamentales para una lectura alternativa de la obra de Ortega a partir de la tradición fenomenológica inaugurada por Brentano y Husserl, distanciándose así, en este punto, de otros eminentes discípulos de Ortega, como Antonio Rodríguez Huéscar o Julián Marías. Tercero, abordar esta problemática al hilo de la ciencia Estimativa propuesta por Ortega en 1916, mostrando, en cuarto lugar, la estrecha relación entre ésta y la Ethología de Granell.
Abstract: The aim of our work is to address four points. First, to recover the philosophical figure of Manuel Granell (Oviedo, 1906 – Caracas, 1993), one of the great disciples of Ortega, unfortunately, forgotten. Second, to show that the recovery of Granell´s work offers some keys for an alternative interpretation of Ortega´s work considering the phenomenological tradition started by Brentano and Husserl, as a counterpart from the interpretation of other eminent disciples of Ortega like Antonio Rodríguez Huéscar or Julián Marías. Third, to address such problem following the Science of Estimation developed by Ortega in 1916, and forth, to show the close relation between such science and the so called “Ethologia” developed by Granell.
Los órganos amiboides de Ortega y García Bacca
Authors: Ferrer García Alberto 
Published: March 2020

El presente artículo pretende exponer la posible influencia que la filosofía de José Ortega y Gasset ejerció sobre el filósofo español del exilio republicano Juan David García Bacca, con el fin de poder determinar hasta qué punto y, de qué modo, fue clave en la gestación del proyecto metafísico garcíabacquiano.
This article aims to expose the possible influence that the philosophy of José Ortega y Gasset exerted on the Spanish philosopher of the Republican exile Juan David García Bacca, in order to determine to what extent and, how, was key in the gestation of Bacca’s metaphysical project.
Presentación. Ortega y el exilio, una relación frustrada pero fecunda
Authors: Sanchez Cuervo Antolin 
Published: March 2020

El presente suplemento ofrece una cartografía elemental del legado filosófico de Ortega y Gasset en el exilio republicano español de 1939. A lo largo de once contribuciones, se exploran los que podrían ser sus cuatro núcleos principales: el presunto exilio del propio ortega o su relación problemática con el mismo; las dos grandes referencias de su proyección en el exilio, a saber, María Zambrano y José Gaos; otras dos referencias, de gran importancia aunque aún no lo suficientemente exploradas y cuya relación con el mundo del exilio fue además tardía, como las de Antonio Rodríguez Huéscar y Manuel Granell; la presencia de Ortega en otros autores del exilio, en un sentido más difuso y de formas menos explícita o focalizada en aspectos específicos, como fuera el caso de García Bacca, Ferrater Mora y Francisco Ayala
This special issue presents an elementary cartography of the philosophical legacy of Ortega y Gasset in the 1939 Spanish republican exile. Throughout eleven articles, the main topics are explored, in particular: the supposed exile oh Ortega himself or his problematic relationship with it; the two main references of his legacy in the 1939 Spanish exile, namely María Zambrano and José Gaos; two other references, of great importance but not yet sufficiently explored and whose relationship with exile was also late, such as Antonio Rodríguez Huéscar and Manuel Granell; Ortega's presence in other authors of exile in a more diffuse and less explicit sense or focused on specific aspects, such as the case of García Bacca, Ferrater Mora and Francisco Ayala
El Jardín Botánico del Instituto Provincial de Murcia: pasado, presente y futuro
Authors: Marín Murcia José Pedro , López Martínez José Damián , López Banet Luisa 
Published: March 2020

El Jardín Botánico del que fue Instituto Provincial de Segunda Enseñanza de Murcia, centro educativo creado en 1837, es uno de los pocos jardines de los institutos históricos españoles que han sobrevivido hasta nuestros días. En su momento este espacio educativo fue considerado como uno de los mejores del país y todavía conserva algunos de los ejemplares que sirvieron para la enseñanza de la botánica. A lo largo del siglo XIX y principios del XX los catedráticos de Historia Natural y Agricultura destacaron por su actividad ligada al desarrollo de los respectivos gabinetes de esas materias, atesorando excelentes colecciones de plantas y un valioso material científico-pedagógico. En la actualidad forma parte de un parque público donde se desarrollan actividades que distan mucho de la función esencialmente didáctica para la que fue concebido, poniendo en riesgo incluso la conservación de su flora. Este trabajo pretende dar a conocer la historia de este espacio educativo y la intrahistoria de las prácticas llevadas cabo en él en relación con la enseñanza de las ciencias y el profesorado implicado, así como salvaguardar el patrimonio de las instituciones educativas de la Región de Murcia.
The Botanical Garden located in what once was the Murcia “Instituto Provincial de Segunda Enseñanza”, founded in 1837, is one of the few remaining gardens of the historical high schools of Spain. At that time, the school was considered to be one of the best in the country and it still keeps some of the specimens that were used to teach botany. During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries professors of Natural History and Agriculture developed the activity of their departments in connection with this space, giving way to an excellent collection of plants and a valuable set of scientific and teaching materials. Today the gardens are part of a public park where the activities carried out are very different from the teaching functions for which they were originally conceived, to the extent that the plants are even at risk. This paper seeks to explore both the history of this educational space and the intrahistory of the activities carried out in it in relation to the teaching of sciences and the staff involved. It also aims to safeguard the heritage of the educational institutions of the Region of Murcia.
¿Pueden las pruebas de laboratorio y de campo ser complementarias para definir el esfuerzo fisiológico por las rutas de Sierra da Estrella?
Authors: Bartolomeu RF. , Bragada JA. , Casanova N. , Casanova J. , Costa MJ. 
Published: March 2020

Introducción: La clasificación actual de las rutas de senderismo utilizando una combinación entre testes de laboratorio y de campo es inexistente. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar una única ruta en una base fisiológica, para dar a los practicantes una visión más profunda sobre las demandas energéticas. Metodología: Veintinueve sujetos experimentaron un sendero de 11 km. La velocidad y la frecuencia cardíaca (FC) se monitorizaron continuamente. En un día separado, todos los sujetos se sometieron a una prueba intermitente y progresiva en una cinta de correr para medir tanto la FC como el consumo de oxígeno (VO2). Se calcularon las regresiones lineales entre la FC neta (FCnet) y la %VO2 reserva. Resultados: Los coeficientes de determinación medios fueron muy altos (R2 = 0.98). Los valores medios calculados de %VO2res para esta ruta fueron del 42%. Conclusiones: esta ruta mostró ser adecuada para quienes buscan caminatas de intensidad leve a moderada. Al caminar a diferentes velocidades en esta ruta o en rutas redondas similares, se puede usar la fórmula %VO2res = 0.64 + 0.77 * FCnet para evaluar la intensidad de la caminata. La complementariedad de las pruebas de campo y de laboratorio demostró ser útil y confiable para definir las exigencias energéticas de la caminata.
Background: The current classification of the hiking trails using an agreement between lab and field test is inexistent. The aim of this study was to characterize a single route in a physiological basis. Methods: Twenty-nine subjects underwent a 11km hike. The velocity and heart rate (HR) were monitored continuously. In a separate day, all subjects underwent a laboratory test to measure both HR and Oxygen uptake (VO2). Linear regressions between net HR (HRnet) vs %VO2 reserve were computed. Results: The mean coefficients of determination were very high (R2=0.98). The calculated %VO2reserve mean values for this route were 42%. Conclusions: This route elicited light-to-moderate intensities. When hiking in this or in similar round routes, the formula %VO2reserve=0.64+0.77*HRnet can be used to assess the hiking intensity. The complementarity of the field and lab tests proved to be useful and reliable in defining the energetic demands of the hike.
Modeling Nanocarrier Transport across a 3D In Vitro Human Blood‐Brain–Barrier Microvasculature
Authors: Lee Sharon Wei Ling , Campisi Marco , Osaki Tatsuya , Possenti Luca , Mattu Clara , Adriani Giulia , Kamm Roger Dale , Chiono Valeria 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPolymer nanoparticles (NPs), due to their small size and surface functionalization potential have demonstrated effective drug transport across the blood–brain–barrier (BBB). Currently, the lack of in vitro BBB models that closely recapitulate complex human brain microenvironments contributes to high failure rates of neuropharmaceutical clinical trials. In this work, a previously established microfluidic 3D in vitro human BBB model, formed by the self‐assembly of human‐induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived endothelial cells, primary brain pericytes, and astrocytes in triculture within a 3D fibrin hydrogel is exploited to quantify polymer NP permeability, as a function of size and surface chemistry. Microvasculature are perfused with commercially available 100–400 nm fluorescent polystyrene (PS) NPs, and newly synthesized 100 nm rhodamine‐labeled polyurethane (PU) NPs. Confocal images are taken at different timepoints and computationally analyzed to quantify fluorescence intensity inside/outside the microvasculature, to determine NP spatial distribution and permeability in 3D. Results show similar permeability of PS and PU NPs, which increases after surface‐functionalization with brain‐associated ligand holo‐transferrin. Compared to conventional transwell models, the method enables rapid analysis of NP permeability in a physiologically relevant human BBB set‐up. Therefore, this work demonstrates a new methodology to preclinically assess NP ability to cross the human BBB.
Eco‐Degradable and Flexible Solid‐State Ionic Conductors by Clay‐Nanoconfined DMSO Composites
Authors: Lee Seunghyeon , Hwang Hong Seop , Cho Whirang , Jang Daseul , Eom Taesik , Martin David C. , Wie Jeong Jae , Shim Bong Sup 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSolid‐state electrolytes can alleviate the safety issues of electrochemical energy systems related to chemical and thermal instabilities of liquid electrolytes. While a liquid provides seamless ionic transport with almost perfect wettability between electrodes, a solid‐state electrolyte needs to demonstrate at least comparable electrochemical performance to liquid electrolytes as well as mechanical robustness and flexibility. Here, the facile preparation of montmorillonite (MMT)/dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) nanocomposites is reported, which show high ionic conductivities, mechanical strengths, and thermal stabilities by forming nacre‐mimetic “brick‐and‐mortar” structures. The molecularly confined structures of DMSO are confirmed by X‐ray diffraction peaks with d‐spacings of interplanar spacing that are slightly larger than MMTs. The MMT/DMSO composites have mechanical strengths and toughnesses of 55.3 ± 4.8 MPa and 210.2 ± 32.6 kJ m−2, respectively. The ionic conductivity is ≈2 × 10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature, and their thermal stability is in the range of −100 to 120 °C. The optical translucency, on‐demand eco‐degradability, and solution processability together make the MMT/DMSO composites unique materials with a wide range of solid‐state electrochemical applications including batteries.
Evaluation of biodegradation of polylactic acid mineral composites in composting conditions
Authors: Flynn Allison , Torres Lennard F. , Hart‐Cooper William , McCaffrey Zach , Glenn Gregory M. , Wood Delilah F. , Orts William J. 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTIn this study, the enhancement of the biodegradation rate of polylactic acid (PLA) filled with commercially available soil amendment product (NTM) or a nanoclay (Cloisite 25A) were evaluated. Cloisite 25A and NTM were incorporated into PLA at 5, 10, 20 (w/w) through melt blending. Transmission electron micrographs revealed particles with a wide range of sizes that were formed by clumping of many smaller particles. The particles showed good dispersion in PLA by scanning electron microscopy. Under standard composting conditions using a standard technique for aerobic biodegradation of plastic materials, it was shown that the addition of NTM enhanced the biodegradation rate of PLA composites by 3‐ to 4‐fold compared to neat PLA. Linear kinetics were used to obtain induction periods, half‐lives, and rates of mineralization. Finally, mechanical and thermomechanical properties of these blends were compared with PLA. Published 2020. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48939.
Silver nanoparticles deposited on polysiloxane networks as active catalysts in dye degradation
Authors: Wójcik‐Bania Monika , Stochmal Edyta , Duraczyńska Dorota 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe article proposes a new method of obtaining silver nanoparticles on polysiloxane networks using the reducing properties of Si–H groups. Three types of networks with different architecture and distribution of Si–H groups were studied as reducing agents for silver ions and as matrices for the obtained silver nanoparticles. As established by FTIR spectroscopic studies, the redox reaction between Ag+ ions from the silver heptafluorobutyrate solution in toluene and Si–H groups of the networks occurred, which resulted in the appearance of silver nanoparticles in the systems. The amount of metal introduced into individual polysiloxane networks is closely related to the consumption of Si–H groups in them. The type of polysiloxane networks used affects the size of Ag NPs obtained and their distribution on the carrier. Polysiloxane‐Ag systems are observed to be an effective catalyst on reduction of hazardous dye like methyl red, which is confirmed by a decrease in absorbance maximum values.