bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple functions of the scaffold protein Discs large 5 in the control of growth, cell polarity and cell adhesion in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Venugopal Parvathy , Veyssiere Hugo , Richard Graziella , COUDERC Jean-Louis , Vachias Caroline , MIrouse Vincent 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundScaffold proteins support a variety of key processes during animal development. Mutant mouse for the MAGUK protein Discs large 5 (Dlg5) presents a general growth impairment and moderate morphogenetic defects. ResultsHere, we generated null mutants for Drosophila Dlg5 and show that it owns similar functions. Dlg5 is required for growth at a cell autonomous level in several tissues and at the organism level, affecting cell size and proliferation. Our results are consistent with Dlg5 modulating hippo pathway in the wing disc, including the small cells, a defect that is reproduced by the loss of yorkie. However, other observations indicate that Dlg5 regulates growth by at least another way that may involve Myc protein but nor PI3K neither TOR pathways. Moreover, epithelial mutant cells for Dlg5 also show a reduction of apical domain determinants, though not sufficient to induce a complete loss of cell polarity. Dlg5 is also essential, in the same cells, for the presence at Adherens junctions of N-Cadherin, but not E-Cadherin. Genetic analyses indicate that junction and polarity defects are independent. Conclusions : Together our data show that Dlg5 own several conserved functions that are independent of each other in regulating growth, cell polarity and cell adhesion. Moreover, they reveal a differential regulation of E-cadherin and N-cadherin.
The "Secret Sauce" For a Mentored Training Program: Qualitative Perspectives of Trainees in Implementation Research for Cancer Control
Authors: Jacob Rebekah R , Gacad Angeline , Pfund Christine , Padek Margaret , Chambers David A , Kerner Jon F , Sales Anne , Dobbins Maureen , Kumanyika Shiriki , Brownson Ross C 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMentored training approaches help build capacity for research through mentoring networks and increased competency in skills. Capacity for dissemination and implementation (D&I) research in cancer is needed and mentored training programs have been developed. Evaluating mentored training programs through quantitative approaches often provide us with information on “what” improved for participants. Additionally needed are qualitative approaches which provide a deeper understanding of “how” programs work best.MethodsWe conducted qualitative interviews with 21 fellows of the National Cancer Institute-funded Mentored Training for Dissemination and Implementation in Cancer to gain understanding of their experiences with mentoring received during the program. Fellows were selected from all 55 trained participants based upon their gain in D&I research skills (highest and lowest) and number of collaborative connections in the program network (highest and lowest) reported in previous quantitative surveys. Phone interviews were recorded with permission, transcribed verbatim and de-identified for analysis. We developed codes a priori to reflect interview guide concepts followed by further development and iterative coding of three common themes that emerged: 1) program and mentoring structure, 2) importance of mentor attributes, and 3) enhanced capacity: credentials, confidence, credibility and connections.ResultsInterviews provided valuable information about program components that worked best and impacts attributed to participation in the program. Fellows reported that regular monthly check-in calls with mentors helped to keep their research moving forward and that group mentoring structures aided in their learning of basic D&I research concepts and their application. Accessible, responsive, and knowledgeable mentors were commonly mentioned by fellows as a key to their success in the program. Fellows mentioned various forms of impact that they attributed to their participation in the program including gaining credibility in the field, a network of peers and experts, and career developments (e.g., collaborative publications and grant funding).ConclusionsThese findings suggest that mentored training works best when mentoring is structured and coupled with applied learning and when respected and dedicated mentors are on board. Increased scientific collaborations and credibility within a recognized network are important trainee experiences that should be considered when designing and sustaining mentored training programs.
Associations between learning environment variables and students’ approaches to studying: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mørk Gry , Magne Trine A. , Carstensen Tove , Stigen Linda , Åsli Lene A. , Gramstad Astrid , Johnson Susanne G. , Bonsaksen Tore 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Aspects of the learning environment may be related to students` approaches to studying, but few studies have investigated these relationships in the context of occupational therapy education.Objective: To examine associations between occupational therapy students’ perceptions of the learning environment and their approaches to studying.Method: 187 first-year occupational therapy students in Norway (response rate 61.3 %) participated in this study. Aside from sociodemographic information, the students completed the Course Experience Questionnaire and the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students. Associations between learning environment variables and study approaches were investigated with hierarchical linear regression analyses.Results: Higher scores on Generic skills were associated with higher scores on the deep and strategic approach scales (β ranging 0.18-0.51), while lower scores were associated with higher surface approach scale scores (β = -0.24). Lower scores on Clear goals and standards and Appropriate workload were associated with higher surface approach scores (β ranging -0.16 - -0.42).Conclusion: By improving aspects of the learning environment, there may be a potential for influencing occupational therapy students’ approaches to studying. Based on this study, emphasizing how generic skills developed in the study program may become useful in practising a profession; ensuring clarity of goals and standards; and maintaining an appropriate workload on students appear to be important.
Students' perceptions of interprofessional collaboration on the care of diabetes: A qualitative study of focus-group interviews
Authors: Kangas Sanna Pauliina , Jaatinen Pia , Metso Saara , Tuula-Maria Rintala 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Interprofessional education (IPE) can promote healthcare professionals’ competence to work in interprof­­essional collaboration (IPC), whi­­­­ch is essential for the quality and safety of care. An interprofessional approach is particularly important in complex, chronic diseases like diabetes. A number of studies have been published on IPE, but only a few with a qualitative approach.Methods: The objective of this qualitative study was to evaluate changes in medical and nursing students’ perceptions of IPC, induced by a novel IPE course on diabetes care. The data from focus-group interviews of 30 students before and after the course were analyzed by using an inductive and deductive content analysis.Findings: The students´ perceptions were illustrated as Elements of interprofessional care (e.g. Elements formulating care team and Quality of professional care relationship ) and Elements of IPC (e.g. Importance of communication and Valuation of collaboration ). The post-course interviews added one subcategory ( Need of resources ) to the pre-course perceptions, and there was improvement in ten areas of self-perceived competence in performing or understanding IPC on diabetes care.Conclusions: The IPE course piloted in this study increased the students’ self-perceived competence and confidence in performing IPC on the care of diabetes, and changed their understanding of IPC towards a more patient centered and holistic perspective. More research is needed to evaluate the generalizability and sustainability of these changes.
Virtual versus Jaw Simulation in Oral Implant Education: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhang Baoping , Li Sihong , Gao Shuting , Chen Hong , He LuLu , Li Yiting , Guo Yumeng , Wang Errui , Cao Rui , Cheng Jingyang , Li Ruiping , Zhang Kailiang 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Aim We investigate the evaluation methods of teaching oral implant clinical courses and estimate the effectiveness of a virtual simulation platform. Methods Eighty second- and third-year undergraduates in Lanzhou University were recruited and randomized to either three experimental groups or one control group. The subjects undertook theoretical examinations to test their basic level of knowledge after training in similarly unified knowledge courses. Each student group then participated in an eight-hour operating training session. An operation test on pig mandible was conducted, followed by a second theoretical examination. The assessment consists of three distinct parts: a subjective operating score by a clinical senior teacher, an implant accuracy analysis in cone-beam computed tomography (angular, apical, and entrance deviation), and comparison of the two theoretical examinations. Finally, students completed a questionnaire gauging their understanding of the virtual simulation. Results There was no significant difference between the four groups in first theoretical examination (P>0.05); the second theoretical scores of the V-J and J-V group (62.90±3.70, 60.05±2.73) were significantly higher than the first time (57.05±3.92, P < 0.05), while no difference between the V(57.10±3.66) and J (56.89±2.67) groups was found. Thus, the combination of V-J was effective in improving students’ theoretical scores. The V-J and J-V groups had higher scores on operation (73.98±4.58; 71.85±4.67) and showed better implant precision.Conclusion Virtual simulation education, especially with a jaw simulation model, could improve students’ implantology achievements and training. We found that the V-J group performed better than the J-V group in oral implant teaching.
18F-FDG PET/CT is Valuable in Detecting Soft-tissue Metastasis of Lung Cancer
Authors: Xu Tingting , Zhang Xinyi , Zhang Shumao , Liu Chunfeng , Fu Wenhui , Zeng Chengrun , chen yue 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Soft-tissue metastasis (STM) is a relatively rare, but not exceptional, manifestation of lung cancer. Since the lesions of STM are usually asymptomatic, they are easy to miss during clinical evaluation. The aim of the study was to explore the incidence and characteristics of STM in lung cancer using fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( 18 F-FDG PET/CT), and evaluate its effect on tumor staging and treatment. Methods We analyzed 4543 patients with lung cancer who underwent 18 F-FDG PET/CT in our hospital between January 2013 and September 2018. 85 were diagnosed with STM and included in the study group. Imaging characteristics, clinical symptoms, and survival time (from confirmed STM to death) were recorded for all study subjects. Results A total of 219 lesions were identified by 18 F-FDG PET/CT: 215 were detected by PET (maximum standardized uptake value = 6.12); 139 were detected by CT. Muscle STM were primarily found in the hip, upper limb muscle; whereas subcutaneous STM were mainly distributed in the chest and abdomen, back. In 68 patients (80%), STM were found incidentally during routine 18 F-FDG PET/CT staging. The lesions were symptomatic in 17 cases (20%); in 10 patients (11.8%) STM was the first manifestation. Other site metastases were detected in 79 patients (92.9%). Isolated STM were found in 6 patients (7.1%), whose tumor staging and treatment were affected by PET/CT findings. At the end of the follow-up period, 69 patients were dead (median survival time= 5.0 months) and 5 were lost to follow-up. Conclusions STM may be a sign of advanced stage and poor prognosis in lung cancer. 18 F-FDG PET/CT is highly valuable in the detection of STM, and can impact tumor staging and management of lung malignancies.
Feasibility of using double-echo chemical shift imaging to monitor bone mass change in aged patients with lumbago: a pilot study
Authors: Sun Yangyang , Han Zhihua , Wang Fang , Wang Bin , Wang Yibin , Zhang Lei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: For aged patients with lumbago, monitoring bone mass change is of great importance for the early diagnosis of osteoporosis.The present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using the double-echo chemical shift imaging (CSI) to detect bone mass change in aged population with lumbago. We calculated chemical shift rate (CSR) from double-echo CSI data, and investigated whether CSR correlate to bone mass change. Methods: Two-hundred patients (aged from 60 to 70) with lumbago were included in the study. Each subject accepted a lumbar MR examination, for which the ordinary spin echo T1-Weigthed sequence was modified to the double-echo imaging. By doing so, in-phase and out-phase images could be obtained simultaneously with one acquisition. The bone mineral density (BMD) was measured with digital X-ray radiogrammetry (DXR) at the non-dominant hand. Then all subjects were grouped according to their T-value (normal bone mass group, T-value > -1.0; abnormal bone mass group T-value ≤ -1.0). The CSR were calculated based on the signal intensity (SI) measured respectively at the 3 rd – 5 th lumbar vertebrae. The association of CSR with BMD was investigated, as well as the impact of other factors on BMD. Results: Patients with normal and abnormal bone mass showed significant difference in CSR (P = 0.008), that positively correlated with T-value (r = 0.281, P ＜ 0.001) and negatively correlated with the diagnosis of abnormal bone mass (B = - 3.02, P = 0.010). Furthermore, the risk of abnormal bone mass increased by 4.9% for each unit decrease in CSR. Additionally, females were more likely to have abnormal bone mass than males (P = 0.017), while the patients who had type 2 diabetes was determined to undergo 3.25-time risk to have abnormal bone mass, compared to those who did not have. Conclusions: CSR could be used to predict the bone mass loss in elderly patients with lumbago. Our study provides a more economical solution to monitor bone mass lose in elderly patients who complained lumbago and required lumbar MR imaging. And among such patients, the double-echo CSI is highly recommended to those who have type 2 diabetes.
The correlation between imaging expression of P16 and S100 in hypertrophic ligamentum flavum
Authors: Hu Wei , Liu Yidong , Kan Shunli , Zhang Tengfei , Jiang Zehua , Zhu Rusen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is a common degenerative disease, which can lead to neurological dysfunction and requires surgical treatment. In the previous study, we used H&E staining and immunohistochemistry to qualitatively analyze the expression of S100 and P16 in the pathological process of ligamentum flavum (LF) hypertrophy in patients with LSS. To further explore the relationship between P16, S100 and LF hypertrophy in patients with LSS, we quantitatively detected S100 and P16 and their expressed products based on molecular biology techniques, and analyzed their imaging correlation. Methods Before posterior lumbar surgery, LF thickness was measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Through the operation, we obtained the specimens of LF from 120 patients, all of whom were L4/5 LF. They were designated: simple lumbar disc herniation (LDH), single-segment spinal stenosis (SLSS), and double-segment LSS (DLSS). The detection of each side of LF was assessed. S100 and P16 and their expression products were detected by western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results The dorsal mRNA expression of P16 in DLSS group was significantly higher than that in SLSS group. On the dorsal and dural side of LF, the expression of P16 mRNA and proteins in the LDH group was significantly lower than that in SLSS and DLSS groups. We found a correlation between the thickness of LF and the expression of P16. However, there was no significant difference in the expression of S100 mRNA and S100 protein on both sides of the ligament and among the three groups, and no significant correlation between the expression of S100 and the thickness of LF. Conclusions P16 is involved in the process of LF hypertrophy in patients with LSS, and the imaging thickness of LF is related to the expression of P16. S100 may not be related to the hypertrophy of LF in patients with LSS, and there is no correlation between the imaging thickness of LF and the expression of S100.
Vitamin D and Sleep Regulation: Is there a Role for Vitamin D?
Authors: Romano Fiammetta , Muscogiuri Giovanna , Di Benedetto Elea , Zhukouskaya Volha V. , Barrea Luigi , Savastano Silvia , Colao Annamaria , Di Somma Carolina 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Vitamin D exerts multiple pleiotropic effects beyond its role in calcium-phosphate metabolism.
Growing evidence suggests an association between hypovitaminosis D and sleep disorders, thus increasing
the interest in the role of this vitamin in the regulatory mechanisms of the sleep-wake cycle.

Objective:
The study aimed to explore and summarize the current knowledge about the role of vitamin D in sleep
regulation and the impact of vitamin D deficiency on sleep disorders.

Methods:
The main regulatory mechanisms of vitamin D on sleep are explained in this study. The literature was
scanned to identify clinical trials and correlation studies showing an association between vitamin D deficiency
and sleep disorders.

Results:
Vitamin D receptors and the enzymes that control their activation and degradation are expressed in several
areas of the brain involved in sleep regulation. Vitamin D is also involved in the pathways of production of
Melatonin, the hormone involved in the regulation of human circadian rhythms and sleep. Furthermore, vitamin D
can affect sleep indirectly through non-specific pain disorders, correlated with alterations in sleep quality, such as
restless legs syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Conclusions:
: Vitamin D has both a direct and an indirect role in the regulation of sleep. Although vitamin D deficiency
has been associated to sleep disorders, there is still scant evidence to concretely support the role of vitamin
D supplementation in the prevention or treatment of sleep disturbances; indeed, more intervention studies are
needed to better clarify these aspects.
Meta-analysis of NFKB1-94 ATTG Ins/Del Polymorphism and Risk of Breast Cancer
Authors: Kancharla Jyothsna , Prasad I. Devi Vara , Bhaskar Lakkakula V.K.S. , Bramhachari Pallaval Veera , Alam Afroz 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Breast cancer (BC) accounts for one of the most prevalent malignancies in the world.
Inflammatory molecules modulate tumor microenvironment in BC that promotes tumor growth and metastasis.
NF-κB (a transcription factor) that regulates multiple immune functions and acts as a crucial mediator of inflammatory
responses.

Objective:
The present study is aimed to quantitatively summarize the relation of NFKB1-94 ATTG (I, insertion/D,
deletion) variant and risk of BC.

Methods:
Further, the meta-analysis includes three independent case-control investigations that focus on NFKB1-94,
ATTG I/D polymorphism, and BC patients. Web of Science, PubMed and Embase databases were used to retrieve
relevant data. OR and 95% confidence interval of pooled studies were analyzed by using the MetaGenyo web tool.

Results:
This study revealed a high heterogeneity. In all three genetic comparison models, the NFKB1-94 ATTG I/D
variant is not related to the risk of BC. Further, no publication bias on the connection between NFKB1-94 ATTG I/D
variant and risk of BC was observed.

Conclusion:
To summarize, our meta-analysis demonstrates that the NFKB1-94 ATTG I/D polymorphism is not a
major risk factor for BC.
The Anti-Breast Cancer Potential of Bis-Isatin Scaffolds
Authors: Guo Hua , Diao Quan-Ping 
Published: March 2020

Aims:
To develop novel anti-breast cancer agents and discuss the structure-activity relationship
of bis-isatin scaffolds.

Background:
Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer and the second leading cause of cancer
death in women after lung cancer. Bis-isatin scaffolds possess potential anti-breast cancer activity, and
some of them such as Indirubin could induce cancer cells apoptosis via multiply mechanisms.

Objective:
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of bis-isatin scaffolds with
alkyl/ether linkers between the two isatin moieties against different human breast cancer cell lines including
MCF-7, AU565, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435 and MDA-MB-468 cells.

Methods:
The synthesized bis-isatin scaffolds with alkyl/ether linker between the two isatin moieties
were evaluated for their in vitro activity against MCF-7, AU565, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435, and
MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer cell lines by MTT assay.

Result:
All the synthesized compounds (IC50: 38.3-197.6 µM) possess considerable activity against
MCF-7, AU565, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435, and MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer cell lines, and
the most potent compound 4e (IC50: 38.3-63.5 µM) was no inferior to Cisplatin (IC50: 20.1-38.6 μM)
against the five tested human breast cancer cell lines.

Conclusion:
All the synthesized bis-isatin scaffolds were active against a panel of breast cancer cell
lines, highlighting the significance of exploring the bis-isatin scaffolds to fight against breast cancers.
The enriched structure-activity relationship may set up the direction for the rational design and development
of novel bis-isatin scaffolds with higher efficiency.