bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced Mortality From KPC-K.Pneumoniae Bloodstream Infection in High-Risk Patients With&nbsp;Hematological Malignancies Colonized by KPC-K.Pneumoniae
Authors: Micozzi Alessandra , Gentile Giuseppe , Santilli Stefania , Minotti Clara , Capria Saveria , Moleti Maria Luisa , Barberi Walter , Cartoni Claudio , Trisolini Silvia Maria , Testi Anna Maria , Iori Anna Paola , Bucaneve Giampaolo , Foa Robin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background. KPC-K.pneumoniae bloodstream infection (KPC-KpBSI) mortality rate in patients with hematological malignancies is reported about 60%. The initial treatment active against KPC-K.pneumoniae is crucial for survival and KPC-K.pneumoniae rectal colonization usually precedes KPC-KpBSI. We evaluated the impact on KPC-KpBSI mortality of the preemptive use of antibiotics active against KPC-K.pneumoniae, as opposed to inactive or standard empiric antibiotics, for the empiric treatment of febrile neutropenia episodes in patients with hematological malignancy identified as KPC-K.pneumoniae intestinal carriers. Methods. We compared the outcomes of KPC-KpBSIs occurring in high-risk patients with hematological malignancy known to be colonized with KPC-K.pneumoniae, during two time periods: March 2012-December 2013 (Period 1, initial approach to KPC-K.pneumoniae spread) and January 2017-October 2018 (Period 2, full application of the preemptive strategy). The relative importance of the various prognostic factors that could influence death rates were assessed by forward stepwise logistic regression models.Results. KPC-KpBSI-related mortality in patients with hematological malignancies identified as KPC-K.pneumoniae carriers dropped from 50% in Period 1 to 6% in Period 2 (p<0.01), from 58% to 9% in acute myeloid leukemia carriers (p<0.01). KPC-KpBSIs developed in patients identified as KPC-K.pneumoniae carriers were treated with initial active therapy in 56% and 100% of cases in Period 1 and Period 2, respectively (p<0.01), consisting in active antibiotic combinations in 39% and 94% of cases, respectively (p<0.01). In Period 1, the 61% of KPC-KpBSI were breakthrough (fatal in the 73% of cases) while no breakthrough KPC-KpBSI was observed in Period 2 (p<0.01). Overall, KPC-KpBSI-related mortality was 88% with no initial active treatment, 11.5% with at least one initial active antibiotic (p<0.01), 9% with initial active combination. Only the initial active treatment resulted independently associated with survival. Conclusions. In high-risk patients with hematological malignancies colonized by KPC-K.pneumoniae, the empiric treatment of febrile neutropenia active against KPC-K.pneumoniae reduced KPC-KpBSI-related mortality to 6% and prevented fatal breakthrough KPC-KpBSI.
Characteristics and Prognosis of Abdominal or Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units After Surgery Therapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Chen Qinchang , Chen Qingui , Ye Yanchen , Wu Ridong , Wang Shenming , Yao Chen 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Subsequent intensive care unit (ICU) admissions postoperatively are not rare for patients with abdominal or thoracic aortic aneurysm (AAA or TAA), but a large-scale investigation on these patients is absent. The study aimed to investigate the characteristics and prognosis of AAA or TAA patients admitted to ICU postoperatively.Methods: Patients admitted to ICU postoperatively with a primary diagnosis of AAA or TAA were screened in the eICU Collaborative Research Database, which contained data from multiple ICUs throughout the continental United States in 2014 and 2015. Baseline characteristics and comorbidities and were investigated and factors associated with ICU mortality were explored using univariable logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate the prognosis predictive performance of the widely used severity scoring system APACHE IVa.Results: 974 patients including 677 AAA and 297 TAA patients admitted to ICU postoperatively were included finally. Compared with TAA, AAA patients had a significantly higher median age (72 versus 64 years). 10.19% AAA and 2.36% TAA patients suffered from rupture of aortic aneurysm, and 89.07% AAA and 84.51% TAA patients underwent elective surgery. Hypertension requiring treatment was the most common comorbidity (57.31% for AAA and 61.95% for TAA). TAA patients had significantly higher ICU mortality (9.43% versus 2.36%) than AAA. Several factors were found to be significantly associated with ICU mortality, including urgent surgery, rupture of aortic aneurysm, TAA, and a higher APACHE IVa score on ICU admission. APACHE IVa showed a good predictive performance for ICU mortality with an area under the ROC curve of 0.9176 (95% CI 0.8789-0.9390).Conclusions: Prognosis of aortic aneurysm patients admitted to ICU postoperatively is yet to improve, and factors associated with prognosis are mainly related to the condition itself. APACHE IVa can be used for prognosis prediction.
Qualitative, Quantitative, or Mixed Methods? A Systematic Scoping Review on Methodological Applications in Ageing and Dementia Studies
Authors: sm-Rahman Atiqur , Jahan Yasmin 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Older adults (with and without dementia) are discriminated against at different social levels and often over-generalized in a stereotypical manner is called ageism. Despite advancements in gerontological research, the methodological implementations in the field of ageing and dementia studies have not been shared equally. This article reports on a systematic scoping review of the emerging methodological trends (use and application of research designs and methods) in this combined field.Methods: The study reviewed evidence-based articles published from 2009 to 2018 and indexed in five scientific electronic databases Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and CINAHL complete by following PRISMA-ScR protocol. Both visual scanning of reference lists and hand searching of leading journals were performed in the field of ageing and dementia in order to maximize the search result.Results: A total of 112 papers were included. The review reveals that the predominant form of methodological application was a quantitative design (74.1%) compared to a qualitative (19.6%) and mixed methods (6.2%) in the combined field of ageing and dementia. Furthermore, the data collection instruments mostly used a variety of questionnaire surveys (with and without validated scales) and interviews. Both quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies have targeted the general public and healthcare professionals by and large, not older adults or people with dementia in particular. Conclusions: The results have important implications for the methodological advancement of ageing and dementia research, as well as for the development of inter-disciplinary and cross-cultural interventions considering the potentialities and limitations of data collection tools. The study provides a first step towards understanding key aspects in any study setting and recommends to be purposeful about what information will be gathered, which measurement tool or instrument is consistent with study purpose, and how the knowledge will be utilized.
Forskolin enhances the antitumor effect of oncolytic measles virus by promoting Rab27a dependent vesicular transport system
Authors: Xia Mao , Xia Yongquan , Xu Xuejing , Meng Gang , Hong Yan , Shen Han 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background
Measles vaccine strain viruses (MV-Edm) are an ideal platform for developing safe and effective oncolytic vectors. However, despite the promising pre-clinical data, understanding of determinants of efficacy and, thus, the interplay of the oncolytic virus with particular agents remains limited.
Methods
We investigated the potency of forskolin enhancing the antitumor effect of oncolytic measles virus by promoting Rab27a dependent vesicular transport system. Cells were infected with MV-Edm and the vesicles were observed by TEM. The oncolytic effects of MV-Edm/Forskolin were investigated in vitro.
Results
Here we demonstrate that the MV-Edm infection and spread in tumor, which are indispensable processes for the viral oncolysis, depend on the vesicular transport system of tumor cells. On the contrary, the tumor cells display a responsive mechanism to restrain the MV-Edm spread by down-regulating the expression of Rab27a, which is a key member of the vesicle transport system. Over-expression of Rab27a promotes the oncolytic efficacy of MV-Edm towards A549 tumor cells. Finally, we find a Rab27a agonist Forskolin, is capable of promoting the oncolytic effect of MV-Edm in vitro.
Conclusions
Our study reveals the important role of vesicle transporter Rab27a in the whole program of MV-Edm mediated oncolysis. We also provide a combined strategy of Forskolin and MV-Edm, which may exert a synergistic anti-tumor effect, for clinical treatment for patients with tumor.
Effects of Herbst Appliance Treatment on the Mandibular Incisor Segment: A 3-D Analysis
Authors: Schwartz João Paulo , Ravelli Taisa Boamorte , Ravelli Dirceu Barnabé , Ruf Sabine 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Three-dimensionally evaluation of the treatment changes of a Herbst appliance using a lower anchorage unit not touching the lingual surface of the lower incisors. Methods: 23 Class II:1 patients (12 males, 11 females) with a mean age of 15.7±1.7 years treated with a Flip-Lock Herbst® (TP Orthodontics, Inc., La Porte, IN, USA) appliance. The lower anchorage unit for the Herbst appliance consisted of two anchor bands connected by a lingual arch with 3mm distance from the incisor’s lingual surface. Treatment changes in mandibular incisor inclination, overjet and overbite were evaluated by means of cone beam computed tomography images (i-CAT® Classic unit, Imaging Sciences International, Hatfield, PA, USA) obtained before and after treatment with the Herbst appliance. Results: On average, there was a statistically significant increase in mandibular incisor inclination (2.6+1.8°) and a reduction in overjet (3.2+2.2mm) and overbite (1.3+0.9mm). Genders did not differ significantly. Incisor proclination was however only seen in 74% of the patients. The changes in mandibular incisor inclination were associated with the changes in overjet (/r/ = 0.1 to 0.5) and overbite (/r/ = 0.3 to 0.7). Conclusion: A Herbst appliance with a mandibular anchorage unit distant from the incisor’s lingual surface results in smaller amounts of mandibular incisor proclination compared to literature. However, as it induces canine anchorage loss, the decreased amount of proclination may not prevail after multibracket treatment. Trial registration: This study was registered 08 February 2011, reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Araraquara Dental School, Paulista State University (FOAr-UNESP), project number 62/2010. https://www.foar.unesp.br/#!/comissoes-e-comites/cep/
Mathematical Modeling of the Weight of Grain Straw During Conveying in Vertical Conveying Reaper Windrow
Authors: Tefera Getaw Ayay 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Analyzing the total weight of cut straws inside the conveyor is important in a vertical conveyor reapers machines to optimize the supply energy into the lugged belt conveyor system. This weight was mathematically modeled by considering the working mechanism of vertical conveyor reapers machines, corelating feeding rate of cut straws from cutter to conveyor and conveying rates of lugged belt conveyor. Then the mathematical model for total weight was defined by determining numbers of cut straws in front of each cutters or knives. The defined equation shows that the feed rate of cut straws into the conveyor is in arithmetic sequence fashion with equal initial value and common difference. The total weight of cut straws equation is an arithmetic series with positive common difference. The equation also shows that the numbers of cut straws in the conveyor increased in arithmetic progression when the numbers of cutters or knives increased. In general, the weight of cut straws in conveyor depends on mass of straw, gravitational acceleration, numbers of cutters or knives, forward speed of reaper, spacing of lugs, angular speed of conveyor pulley, diameter of conveyor pulley and diameter of straw.
Activation of Dopamine D2 Receptor Alleviates Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Injury in Mice Model of Allergic Rhinitis With Olfactory Dysfunction
Authors: Liu Peiqiang , Qin Danxue , Lv Hao , Fan Wenjun , Zhou Fangwei , Gao Ziang , Tao Zezhang , Xu Yu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic allergic disease of the upper airway that not only causes peripheral inflammation, but also induces neuroinflammation in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, olfactory bulb and other brain areas. Recent studies have suggested that the dopamine D2 receptor acts as a key target in regulating immune functions and neuroinflammatory reaction, which may be a promising target for AR-induced olfactory dysfunction (OD).Methods: An AR mouse model with OD induced by ovalbumin (OVA) were constructed. A coculture system of olfactory bulb neurons (OBNs) and microglias was established. The buried food pellet test was to evaluate the olfactory function of the mice. Immunofluorescence staining, HE staining, ELISA, Western blotting, and TUNEL staining were also used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of the dopamine D2 receptor in AR-induced OD.Results: We confirmed that AR mice with or without OD had the characteristics of AR, but the expression of the microglial marker CD11b and the related cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in the AR mice with OD were significantly increased in the olfactory bulb compared with those of mice without OD. Nasal administration of quinpirole, a dopamine D2 receptor agonist, shortened the time to find the food pellets, inhibited the expression of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signalings and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. In the coculture system of OBNs and microglias, quinpirole inhibited the release of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signalings-dependent inflammatory cytokines in the microglias, which was accompanied by decreased AMPA receptor GluR1, increased GluR2 and reduced TUNEL positive cells in the OBNs.Conclusion: Activation of the dopamine D2 receptor inhibits the release of inflammatory cytokines through the microglia-dependent TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signalings, alleviates AMPA receptor-mediated damage of the olfactory bulb, and protects olfactory function.
Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells inhibit catabolism in human chondrocytes by activating autophagy via inhibition of the NF-κB pathway
Authors: Wang Jian-Fa , Zhu Zhi , Sun Lei , Shao Shi-kun , Ma Bao-dong , Wang Yao-kun , Jin Ran-ran , Hao Hong-Bo , Yue Han 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: We aimed to determine the significance of MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) in chondrocyte autophagy under normal and inflammatory conditions.Design: Human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hMSCs) were cultured in vitro. hMSC-Exos( EX） were isolated by an ultracentrifugation method. Transmission electron microscopy and western analysis were used to identify exosomes. Human chondrocytes were extracted from five adult males with OA undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Primary cultures of chondrocytes from OA patients were stimulated with 50 ng/ml tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the presence or absence of hMSC-Exos. Autophagy levels were determined based on expression of autophagic marker LC3, StubRFP-SensGFP-LC3 analysis, and electron microscopy. Catabolic gene and chemokine expression were evaluated using quantitative PCR. The NF-κB inhibitor NS398 was used to analyze the role of the NF-κB pathway in autophagic activation.Results: hMSC-Exos increased LC3-II levels as well as autophagosome number in chondrocytes. hMSC-Exos inhibited TNF-α–induced expression of MMP-3, -9, and -13; ADAMTS5; CCL-2 and -5; and CXCL1. NF-κB inhibition activated autophagy in TNF-α–treated chondrocytes. These results indicate that hMSC-Exos might suppress the levels of catabolic and inflammatory factors in chondrocytes by promoting autophagy via NF-κB pathway inhibition.Conclusions: Our data support the interest in hMSC-Exos to develop new therapeutic approaches for joint conditions.
Is the Anatomy of the Inferior Mesenteric Artery Root Different in Patients with a Tortuous Abdominal Aorta?
Authors: Zhou Jia-Hao , Chang Hsu-Chao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Catheterization of the inferior mesentery artery (IMA) during angiography can sometimes be difficult due to anatomic variations. Our study aimed to evaluate the relationship between abdominal aortic tortuosity (AAT) and the anatomy of the IMA root. Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 45 patients were selected and 3 groups were divided using a qualitative method by visual estimation of vessel tortuosity. A quantitative method was performed by recording the patient age, tortuosity index, and features of the IMA root anatomy, including orifice level, vertical diameter, clockwise angle, and angulation. Pearson correlation coefficients (p < 0.05) were calculated to analyse the strength of the linear association between tortuosity and other variables. Results: The AAT index was significantly associated with age. When the abdominal aorta was tortuous, the IMA root was more likely to be distorted toward the convex side, with a larger angulation between the IMA root and the abdominal aorta. Conclusions: Our study provides information which could help clinicians plan endovascular interventions of IMA. When cannulation of the IMA appears to be difficult, a rotation of tip of the catheter to the convex side of the abdominal aorta and a less sharp looping of the catheter may be attempted.
DNA methylation for cervical cancer screening: A validation trial in China
Authors: Kong Linghua , Wang Linhai , Wang Ziyun , Xiao Xiaoping , You Yan , Wu Huanwenn , Wu Ming , Liu Pei , Li Lei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Based on published results from a training set, EPB41L3 and JAM3 gene methylation status had favorite results compared with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing. This validation trial evaluated the DNA methylation status and genotyping of hrHPV in unselected patients with gynecologic diseases.Methods This study enrolled all patients in the study center from June 1, 2019 to September 1, 2019. Liquid-based samples were collected from cervical swabs for methylation assays and hrHPV testing one day before surgery. The primary endpoint was the diagnostic accuracies of DNA methylation and hrHPV genotyping for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or more severe lesions (CIN2+).Results In total, 307 patients were included in the final analysis, with a median age of 46 years. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the methylation assay for CIN2+ were 68.7%, 96.7%, 0.933 and 0.712, respectively, and the methylation assay achieved similar diagnostic accuracies to those in the training set and to hrHPV testing. Even in patients with negative hrHPV results, DNA methylation was significantly able to identify CIN2+ (odds ratio 39.857, 95% confidence interval 7.137-222.577). The methylation assay was sensitive for CIN2/3 and cervical squamous cell carcinoma without residual lesions and was not positive in this context.Conclusion For the diagnosis of cervical adenocarcinoma, methylation assessment, hrHPV testing and their combination had favorable results in all subtypes.
Pengembangan Modul Kimia terintegrasi STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) dan PBL (Problem-Based Learning)
Authors: Oktaviani Ari , Anom K , Lesmini Betty 
Published: October 2020

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan menghasilkan modul pembelajaran terintegrasi STEM-PBL “Topik Jenis Media Tanam Untuk Pertumbuhan Tanaman Selada Secara Hidroponik” yang valid, praktis dan efektif. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model ADDIE (<em>Analysis, Desain, Development, Implementation, Evaluation</em>). Tahap evaluasi menggunakan evaluasi formatif <em>Tessmer</em> yang meliputi <em>self evaluation, expert review, one-to-one, small group</em>, dan <em>field test</em>. Hasil tahap <em>expert review</em> didapat skor rata-rata kevalidan sebesar 0,90 skala Aiken dengan kategori tinggi. Hasil uji kepraktisan didapatkan skor rata-rata pada tahap <em>one-to-one</em> sebesar 0,93 dan pada tahap <em>small group</em> sebesar 0,90 skala Aiken dengan kategori tinggi (praktis). Hasil uji <em>field test</em> didapatkan nilai N-Gain sebesar 0,75 dengan kategori tinggi (efektif). Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa modul yang dihasilkan telah memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif. Disarankan modul ini dapat dijadikan salah satu alternatif bahan ajar pada mata kuliah kewirausahaan.
Lanthanum-doped activated carbon derived from municipal sludge for enhanced defluoridation: characteristics and mechanism
Authors: He Lizhi , Wang Guoqiao , Zhang Xinxin , Zhang Yujian , Chen Yao 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The sewage sludge production has been increasing along with the ever-growing populations and wastewater treatment rate. Lanthanum-doped activated carbon (AC-La) was derived from municipal sludge via chemical activation and utilized for fluoride removal. Batch experiments were conducted to discuss the effect of lanthanum dosage, time and pH on the adsorption process. The results showed that 4 g/L AC-La exhibited a fluoride removal rate of 80.9% with 10 mg/L initial fluoride concentration, and the optimal pH range for adsorption was 3–10. X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses were conducted to analyze the microstructure and chemical properties of sludge, unmodified activated carbon (AC) and AC-La. The results showed that with initial lanthanum dosage of 15 wt%, the final loading amount of La in AC-La was 13.8 wt%. After modification, the specific surface area of AC-La increased from 1.8 m2/g (sludge) to 133.0 m2/g. The removal mechanism of fluoride onto AC-La was mainly the inner-sphere complexation between lanthanum and fluoride, facilitated by exchange interaction with hydroxyls. A stability study showed that AC-La maintained a quite small dissolution and was safe in waters (La dissolution rate &lt; 0.2‰).