bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kekuasaan dan Pengetahuan: Diskursus Mitos Maskulinitas Pada Seksualitas Pemuda
Authors: Bilquis Larossa , Hidayat Nurul 
Published: January 2021

This study aims to uncover how the masculinity discourse of young immigrants in Uluwatu Bali (basecamp) exists. By using Foucault's Genaology, the insights and values they adopt one by one must be dismantled to see what logic they are constructs. This research using qualitative method with fenomenology approach, which used foucoult framework abour sex and power. It can be said, in this research found various discourses reproduced by various sources of youth knowledge regarding the myth of masculinity which is identical to the characteristics and behavior of men who are strong, aggressive, dominant, rude, and full of egoism. In practice, they myth that their various behaviors, especially regarding their sexuality, are a manifestation of their masculinity as a male. The internet or online media and the environment in which they live are one of the sources of knowledge for young people that create discourses about the myth of masculinity. The youth in the peer group also take part in formulating discourses about ideal masculinity for their group. Free sex behavior, dare to take risks, follow wild races to cause chaos are the masculinity myths they adopt as the ideal male masculinity. This study also found that the masculinity myth was more often represented in youth sexual practices as an affirmation of control over women's bodies and sexuality in order to maintain their reputation in front of their friends and others. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membongkar bagaimana hadirnya diskursus maskulinitas pemuda pendatang di uluwatu Bali (basecamp). Dengan menggunakan Genaologi Foucault, pemahaman dan nilai yang mereka adopsi satu per satu harus dibongkar untuk melihat logika apa yang sebenarnya mereka bangun. Sehingga dapat ditemukan berbagai wacana yang direproduksi oleh berbagai sumber pengetahuan pemuda mengenai mitos maskulinitas diamana identik dengan sifat dan perilaku laki-laki kuat, agresif, dominatif, kasar, dan penuh egoisme. Dalam praktiknya mereka memitoskan beragam perilakunya terutama menyangkut seksualitasnya merupakan manifestasi dari maskulinitasnya sebagai laki-laki yang jantan. Internet atau media online serta lingkungan tempat tinggal mereka menjadi salah satu sumber pengetahuan pemuda yang menciptakan diskursus mengenai mitos maskulinitas tersebut. Para pemuda dalam peer groupnya juga mengambil bagian dalam merumuskan wacana-wacana mengenai maskulinitas ideal bagi kelompoknya. Perilaku seks bebas, berani mengambil resiko, mengikuti balap liar hingga menyebabkan keonaran merupakan mitos-mitos maskulinitas yang mereka adopsi sebagai maskulinitas laki-laki ideal. Penelitian ini juga menemukan jika mitos maskulinitas tersebut lebih banyak direpresentasikan kedalam praktik-praktik seksual pemuda sebagai penegasan atas penguasaan tubuh dan seksualitas perempuan demi mempertahankan reputasinya di hadapan teman-temannya dan orang lain.
La arquitectura de prismas minimalistas de Oscar Niemeyer: hipótesis de análisis por tipos.
Authors: Bullaro Luca 
Published: January 2021

El articulo -resultado de la investigación denominada “La herencia arquitectónica de Oscar Niemeyer”- analiza y propone una clasificación tipológica de una serie de obras realizadas por el maestro brasileño, en las cuales no dominan los espacios fluidos, típicos del lenguaje de Niemeyer, si no un sistema de prismas minimalistas, a menudo rectangulares en planta, en los cuales reina el ángulo de noventa grados.
Son proyectos cuya sencillez está justificada por razones de economía constructiva, de reducción del presupuesto y, en el caso de los proyectos de conjuntos urbanos, para generar tensión y contraste con los vecinos volúmenes curvos.
Estas hipotesis de sistematización tipológica ayuda la comprensión del método de trabajo multifocal del maestro, y puede abrir nuevas trazas para ulteriores investigaciones y estudios puntuales sobre la extensa obra de uno de los grandes maestros de la Modernidad de América Latina.
Consumer Protection in Resale Price Maintenance Practices
Authors: S Chintya Amelia , Pujiyono Pujiyono , Purwadi Hari 
Published: January 2021

Fair business competition is greatly needed to create a conducive business climate. Regulations governing the fair business competition are expected to ensure the business opportunities for business actors and to prevent monopolistic practices and or unfair business competitions, and at the same time to protect the consumers. In Indonesia, the Resale Price Maintenance (RPM) is applied as an effort or actions of the upstream businesses such as manufacturing companies or suppliers to control the price when the goods are resold. Control and supervision of the Resale Price Maintenance practices are necessary considering that the monopolistic practice that creates unfair business competition is still common in the society. This study aimed to reveal how consumer protection in the Resale Price Maintenance practices works. This study was conducted using the normative or doctrinal research method with the statute and conceptual approaches. From the findings, it can be concluded that the consumer protection in Resale Price Maintenance practices is still very frail so that it is necessary to reconstruct the provisions in resale price maintenance which can be performed by reconstructing the criminal sanctions for business actors who violate the resale price maintenance regulations that can cause monopolistic practices and unfair business competitions.
Auditor's Communication Identity in Carrying Out Audit Tasks
Authors: Lestari Puji , Utari Prahastiwi , Slamet Julius 
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this research is to find out how the identity of the auditor's communication when carrying out an examination task. The research was conducted with qualitative method using a case study and interviews for for collecting the data. The research samples were five auditors at BPK RI Representatives of DIY Province. The research concluded using four layers, which are the personal layer, enacted layer, relational layer, and communal layer cited from the in the Theory of Communication of Identity by Michael Hecht. The theory stated that participants' personal identity is formed by several factors i.e. self-character, code of ethics, and environmental factors. Participants demonstrate their code of ethics through the communication process between the auditor and the audite, which is then manifested in the form of behavior when carrying out the audit tasks. By understanding each other's identity, it can create a harmonious relationship between the auditor and the audite through mutual support between the auditor and the audite. The attitudes and behaviors shown by the auditors when conducting the audit tasks reflect the identity of the BPK institution in the community as a free and independent audit institution, so that the negative stereotypes of auditors are minimized. There is also an identity gap in: (1) the personal layer and the personal layer, the personal and enacted layers, and the relational and enacted layers.
Liquidator Professional Responsibility in Company Liquidation
Authors: Hariyanto Gunawan , Suhariningsih Suhariningsih , Winarno Bambang , Sihabuddin Sihabuddin 
Published: January 2021

The dissolution of a Limited Liability Company is basically something that isn’t desired by the shareholders, therefore the implementation of the dissolution of a Limited Liability Company should be avoided as much as possible, because the dissolution of a Limited Liability Company will provide great losses for the shareholders of the company and the parties directly related to the Company Limited. Pursuant to Article 142 paragraph (1) of Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies, the dissolution of a Company may occur due to: First, based on the resolution of the General Meeting of Shareholders; Second, because the period stipulated in the articles of association has ended; Third, based on a court order; Fourth, with the revocation of bankruptcy based on the decision of the commercial court which has permanent legal force, the Company's bankruptcy assets are not sufficient to pay bankruptcy costs; Fifth, because the Company's bankrupt assets that have been declared bankrupt are in a state of insolvency as regulated in the Law on Bankruptcy and Postponement of Debt Payment Obligations; Sixth, due to the revocation of the Company's business license, which requires the Company to conduct liquidation in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations. Based on the research results, the liquidator must make and submit a report on the liquidation implementation process, the report contains the responsibility for the liquidation he did. Furthermore, the accountability report is given and submitted by the liquidator to the General Meeting of Shareholders, the District Court, the liquidator is obliged to notify the final result of the liquidation to the Minister, the liquidator is also required to announce the final result of the liquidation process in a newspaper, the liquidator is responsible to the General Meeting of Shareholders or the court that appointed it for the liquidation of the Limited Liability Company. There is a criminal sanction, and if it can be proven that the liquidator acted the opposite / cheated arbitrarily in the sense of not clearing all company affairs in the context of liquidation, then the liquidator can be prosecuted by reporting violations of the code of ethics, and the Liquidator has the right to attend a lawsuit in court , Liquidators have the power to maintain and dispose of assets, Liquidators have general administrative power, Liquidators have continuous control rights over the Company's liquidation assets, Liquidators have the right to sell the liquidated assets.
Sujeitos indígenas: estigmatizados pelas instituições
Authors: Melo Sílvia Mara de 
Published: January 2021

este artigo corresponde a um dos frutos do projeto de pesquisa institucional intitulado “As representações midiáticas do sujeito índio sobrevivente no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, MS”, desenvolvido por mim na Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, UFGD, e visa trazer à tona os estigmas e estereótipos veiculados em enunciados da comunidade acadêmica em relação a estudantes indígenas. Como corpus de pesquisa apresentamos tanto respostas de questionário aplicado a alunos indígenas e matérias jornalística do jornal O Progresso, mídia local. Para sustentar nossas análises, buscamos dialogar com autores do campo dos Estudos Culturais e com uma obra de Michel Foucault. A pergunta de pesquisa que norteou nossas análises foi: Como estigmas e estereótipos se constituem nas relações acadêmicas? Como resultado dessa investigação chegamos à conclusão de que as relações no âmbito educacional estão permeadas de preconceito e que as diferenças culturais promovem uma identidade deteriorada.Palavras-chave: Sujeito Indígena. Estigma. Instituição Educacional
Dissecting Salience Network Responsivity to Evoked Nociception and Pain: Model Free Analyses
Authors: Becerra Lino , Borsook David 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Dissecting the responses of brain changes to acute nociceptive stimuli includes understanding networks that dynamically interact to produce the experience of pain. Among these networks the salience, default, sensory, and cognitive/central executive networks are known to interact in monitoring external stimuli, assigning salience and diverting activity from self-reflection (default mode) to cognitive integration and planning potential reaction to pain (executive). Several studies of acute evoked pain report a pattern of activity reflecting the involvement of these networks. However, it has also been proposed that much of the activity seems to reflect a response to the saliency of pain rather than pain/nociceptive processing itself. These results stem from the assumption that the evoked fMRI signal arises from a single, canonical hemodynamic response induced by the stimuli. Using a model-free analysis we demonstrate that the observed fMRI response has a complex, dynamic nature not captured by model-based analysis. We provide evidence that these and other networks have a distinct temporal response. Results presented here suggest that proper modeling and characterization of the brain response is fundamental for a correct interpretation of brain activity in response to phasic/evoked noxious stimuli.
A mammalian commensal of the oropharyngeal cavity produces antibiotic and antiviral valinomycin in vivo
Authors: Gaiser Rogier , Ferrando Maria , Oddo Alberto , Pereira Milton , Guan Xiaonan , Molist Francesc , Fernandez-Gutierrez Marcela , Fredriksen Simen , Bryant Clare , Petras Daniel , Dorrestein Pieter , Boeren Sjef , Medema Marnix , Hill Colin , Kleerebezem Michiel , Baarlen Peter van , Wells Jerry 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Around weaning, piglets are susceptible to infection by bacterial pathobionts, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. We identified isolates of Rothia nasisuis in the upper respiratory tract of weaned healthy piglets that produce valinomycin in vitro and in vivo via its vlm-encoded non-ribosomal peptide synthase (NRPS) enzyme complex. Valinomycin is an antiviral and antibiotic ionophore that shuttles potassium ions across membranes and is capable of inflammasome activation and apoptosis in LPS-primed macrophages at concentrations of 1 uM. Polarized monolayers of epithelial cells were much less sensitive to valinomycin but concentrations ≥ 10 µM decreased trans-epithelial resistance. R. nasisuis inhibited growth of closely related species of Rothia. Deliberate inoculation of valinomycin-producing R. nasisuis into newborn piglets suggested this species can shape the microbiota post weaning. Our findings support the idea that valinomycin is a competitive niche factor potentially also compromising epithelial integrity to gain access to (micro)nutrients.
Intramuscular Neural Distribution of the Sartorius Muscles: Treating Spasticity With Botulinum Neurotoxin
Authors: Yi Kyu-Ho , Lee Ji-Hyun , Seo Kyle , Kim Hee-Jin 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study aimed to detect the idyllic locations for botulinum neurotoxin injection by analyzing the intramuscular neural distributions of the sartorius muscles. A altered Sihler’s staining was conducted on sartorius muscles (15 specimens). The nerve entry points and intramuscular arborization areas were measured as a percentage of the total distance from the most prominent point of the anterior superior iliac spine (0%) to the medial femoral epicondyle (100%). Intramuscular neural distribution were densely detected at 20–40% and 60–80% for the sartorius muscles. The result suggests that the treatment of sartorius muscle spasticity requires botulinum neurotoxin injections in particular locations. These locations, corresponding to the locations of maximum arborization, are suggested as the most safest and effective points for botulinum neurotoxin injection.
Comparative Genetic Diversity and Structure of the Rhus Gall Aphid Schlechtendalia Chinensis and Its Host-Plant Rhus Chinensis
Authors: Ren Zhu , He Hong , Zhang Yang , Su Xu 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Studying the population genetic structure of both parasites and their host-plants is expected to yield new valuable insights into their coevolution. In this study, we examined and compared the population genetic diversity and structure of 12 populations of the Rhus gall aphid, Schlechtendalia chinensis, and its host-plant, Rhus chinensis, using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. AMOVA analysis showed that the genetic variance of the aphid and its host-plant were both higher within populations compared to that among them, suggesting that a co-evolutionary history has yielded similar patterns of population genetic structure. We did not detect significant correlation between genetic and geographic distance for either the aphid or host-plant populations, therefore rejecting an isolation by distance model for the demographic histories of the two species. However, our results appeared to suggest that genetically diverse host -plant Rhus populations correlated to similarly genetically diverse populations of gall aphid parasites.
Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Microglial Activation and Metabolic Switch
Authors: Montilla Alejandro , Ruiz Asier , Marquez Mar , Sierra Amanda , Matute Carlos , Domercq Maria 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Microglia act as sensors of injury in the brain, favouring its homeostasis. Their activation and polarization towards a pro-inflammatory phenotype are associated to injury and disease. These processes are linked to a metabolic reprogramming of the cells, characterized by high rates of glycolysis and suppressed oxidative phosphorylation. This metabolic switch can be reproduced in vitro by microglial stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus interferon-γ (IFNγ). In order to understand the mechanisms regulating mitochondrial respiration abolishment, we examined potential alterations in mitochondrial features during this switch. Cells did not show any change in mitochondrial membrane potential, suggesting a limited impact in the mitochondrial viability. We provide evidence that reverse operation of F0F1-ATP synthase contributes to mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, we studied the possible implication of mitochondrial dynamics in the metabolic switch using the mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (Mdivi-1), which blocks Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission. Mdivi-1 significantly reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory markers in LPS+IFNγ-treated microglia. However, this inhibition did not lead to a recovery of the oxidative phosphorylation ablation by LPS+IFNγ or to a microglia repolarization. Altogether, these results suggest that Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission, although potentially involved in microglial activation, does not play an essential role in metabolic reprogramming and repolarization of microglia.
The Influence of Lobe-based Radiotherapy Plan Optimization Method on Different Lymph Node Irradiation Schemes for Operable LA-NSCLC Patients
Authors: Gu Hengle , Li Hongxuan , Fu Xiaolong , Xu Zhiyong 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Purpose
Various target volume delineation schemes differ greatly for stage IIIa NSCLC radiotherapy. Although tightened target volume may give patients the opportunity to receive radiotherapy, it is not absolutely safe to narrow the irradiation area. For IIIa NSCLC patients who will undergo lobectomy, a new neoadjuvant radiotherapy based on sparing preserved lung lobes may improve the dose distribution of the preserved lobe, and provide freedom for physicians in optimizing treatment strategies.

Materials and methods
Computed tomography imaging data of 20 IIIA- p N2 NSCLC patients were used to produce conventional IMRT(IMRT) and Preserved Lobe based IMRT(P-IMRT) plan respectively according to two different target volume delineation schemes(OPT1 and OPT2). Dose results of target coverage, Total lung, Ipsilateral lung, Preserved Total Lung, Preserved Ipsilateral Lung, Contralateral Lung, Resected Lobe and other OARs in the four groups were analyzed.

Results
All plans met dose limits. Lobe-based IMRT significantly reduce the irradiated dose of Lung lobes, especially Preserved Total Lung and Preserved Ipsilateral Lung, for both delineation schemes. Mean Dose of Preserved Total Lung decreased from 819.93 cGy to 690.98 cGy (OPT1) and 542.47 cGy to 469.62 cGy (OPT2), Mean Dose of Preserved Ipsilateral Lung decreased from 1282.95 cGy to 1068.55 cGy (OPT1) and 955.83 cGy to 795.97 cGy (OPT2), respectively. While the dose indices of Resected Lobe increased slightly for only about 1%. Comparing the four groups of plans, it’s more effective in optimizing the dose of lung lobes by this method for the delineation scheme with a large target volume. The lung dose metrics in P-IMRTOPT1 can be reduced to a value very close to that in IMRTOPT2, and some values are even lower than that in IMRTOPT2.
Conclusion
For IIIA-N2 NSCLC patients who will undergo lobectomy, no matter which target delineation scheme is chosen, preoperative neoadjuvant radiotherapy using a lobe -based planning can significantly reduce the radiation dose that preserves the lobes. Especially for the large-scale lymph node irradiation scheme, this method can also reduce the dose of preserved lung lobe to a level that is comparable to or lower than that of the conventional IMRT small-area lymph node irradiation scheme, and reduce the obstacles for clinicians in selecting the optimal individualized scheme.
Colorectal Cancer in Iran: A Retrospective, Comparative Study of Early-onset and Late-onset Cases in north-eastern Iran based on the Iranian Hereditary Colorectal Cancer Registry
Authors: Hoseini Benyamin , Rahmatinejad Zahra , Goshayeshi Ladan , Bergquist Robert , Rahmatinejad Fatemeh , Golabpour Amin , Ghaffarzadegan Kamran , Darrudi Reza , Eslami Saeid 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Generally, the incidence rate of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing among young patients (aged <49 years), while the reasons for the rising incidence are unclear. Indicative variables, such as tumour location, gender preference and genetic preponderance have not been followed up in a consistent manner. The current study was primarily conducted to improve the hereditary CRC screening programme by assessing the demographic and pathological characteristics of early-onset CRC compared to late-onset CRC in northeast Iran. Methods: This retrospective study was carried out over a three-year follow-up period (2014-2017) and included 562 CRC patients in three Mashhad City hospital laboratories in north-eastern Iran. We applied comparative analysis of pathological and familial features together with information on the presence of genetic mismatch repair-deficiency in relation to final patient status (surviving versus deceased cases). Analyses using R studio software were performed on early-onset CRC (n=222) and late-onset CRC (n=340) groups produced by division at the age of 50 years. Results: From an age-of-onset point of view, the distribution between the genders differed with females showing a higher proportion of early-onset CRC compared to men (56% vs. 44 %) , while the late-onset CRC disparity was less pronounced (48% vs. 52%). The mean age of all participants was 55.6 ± 14.8 years, while it was 40.3 ± 7.3 years for early-onset CRC and 65.1 ± 9.3 years for late-onset CRC. With respect to anatomical tumour location (distal, rectal, and proximal), the frequencies were 61%, 28% and 11%, respectively, but the variation did not reach statically significance. There was a dramatic difference with regard to the history of CRC in second-degree relatives (SDR) and that of the combination of first-degree relatives and SDR (p=0.001 and p=0.03, respectively). Expression of the MLH1 and PMS2 genes were significantly different between survivors and deceased, however this finding was not observed with regard to the MSH6 and the MSH2 genes. Conclusion: The variation of demographic, pathological and genetic characteristics of CRC between early-onset and late-onset cancers of this kind emphasizes the need for a well-defined algorithm to identify high-risk patients.