bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data analytics in control and operation of municipal wastewater treatment plants: qualitative analysis of needs and barriers
Authors: Eerikäinen S. , Haimi H. , Mikola A. , Vahala R. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
This study aims to identify barriers and needs for the application of data analytics in municipal wastewater treatment. The study was conducted through a series of interviews with stakeholders involved in instrumentation, control, and automation of wastewater treatment plants. Opportunities and limitations observed by different stakeholders were assessed with a thematic analysis. Thematic analysis enabled a broader consideration of social and organizational aspects related to process control, operation, and maintenance. Identified key barriers for applying data analytics included laborious instrumentation maintenance, unstable control loops, and deficient customization of digital tools for users at wastewater treatment plants. Development needs include easier data processing tools, quality assurance of instrumentation, and controller tuning. Results indicate that the perceived potential of data analytics is highly dependent on the performance of underlying physical and digital systems, as well as the control strategies and operating environment of the plant. Despite the barriers, users and developers see many potential applications for data analytics and expect them to have a central role in the control and operation of wastewater treatment plants in the future.
Retinoblastoma: a patient’s story
Authors: Yarovoy A. A. , Ushakova T. L. , Golubeva O. V. , Levashov I. A. , Mikhailova S. N. , Yarovaya V. A. , Polyakov V. G. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance. Development and application of novel treatment methods for patients with retinoblastoma (Rb) is a great task since it may provide higher rates of eye salvage and reduce adverse effects of current therapy.Aim of the study was to represent the history of Rb eye-sparing treatment in Russia and worldwide through the one clinical case.Materials and methods. A child was treated by systemic chemotherapy, plaque brachytherapy using non-described techniques, cryotherapy and external beam radiotherapy. Intravitreal chemotherapy was approached for treatment of vitreous seeding. Vitreoretinal surgery with melphalan irrigation was successfully performed after failure of vitreous hemorrhage conservative treatment and parents’ refusal to indicated enucleation. The child died from CNS disseminated esthesioneuroblastoma.Results. The use of various treatment modalities helped to save the single eye.Conclusions. Intravitreal chemotherapy was introduced in Russia for the first time. Performed vitreoretinal surgery with melphalan irrigation was proved to be a safe and effective technique in case of vitreous hemorrhage in the eye with Rb. External beam therapy is associated with fatal second tumors development.
Prospects for evaluation of the minimal residual disease in the post-induction period in pediatric B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Shervashidze M. A. , Valiev T. T. , Tupitsyn N. N. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance.Currently, the assessment of the level of minimal residual disease (MRD) is the standard in evaluating the effectiveness of therapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in adults and children. Although, the necessity to study MRD at the induction therapy is not in doubt, the prognostic value of MRD in the period after induction is the subject for scientific discussion. Several studies suggest that MRD-positive status after induction chemotherapy associated with poor prognosis, and the reappearance of significant level MRD during follow-up allows impending relapse to be identified and to begin appropriate therapy in low leukemic cells level.Aim– to determine the prognostic value of post-induction MRD on overall (OS), relapse-free (RFS), and event-free (EFS) survival in children with B-precursor ALL who received program treatment at the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia.Materials and methods.The study included 73 pediatric patients with initial B-precursor ALL. The median age of the patients was 5.2 years (from 1 to 16 years). The treatment was according to the ALL IC-BFM 2009 protocol. MRD detected on day 15 and 33 of induction therapy, and day 78 of consolidation beginning. MRD level was determined by flow cytometry method.Results.EFS and RFS were the same for patients with MRD-positive status on 78 day of treatment 76.8 ± 12.3 % and 96.2 ± 2.6 % for MRDnegative (p = 0.06). Detailed assessment of MRD revealed a cohort of high-risk patients with MRD-negative status on 78 day of therapy with 100 % OS (observation time – 6 years).Conclusion.In all risk groups, patients with negative MRD status showed a better survival result, which indicates the possibility of additional stratification by risk groups not only at the induction, but also during a consolidating treatment protocol.
Results of a prospective observation on the use of a coagulation factor concentrate VIII concentrate (Octanate®) for the induction of immunological tolerance in patients with an inhibitory form of hemophilia A
Authors: Zozulya N. I. , Vdovin V. V. , Svirin P. V. , Andreeva T. A. , Shiller E. E. , Konyashina N. I. , Lavrichenko I. A. , Zalepukhina O. E. , Klimova N. I. , Konstantinova V. N. , Krasheninnikova O. A. , Petrov V. Yu. , Perina F. G. , Osmulskaya N. S. , Mironova A. V. , Popova N. A. 
Published: July 2020

Relevance. Immune tolerance induction (ITI) is the only approach proven to eradicate inhibitors in hemophilia A patients. ITI with Octanate® (human VWF-stabilized FVIII) has been shown to be effective at eradicating inhibitors, even in poor-prognosis patients. Here we report interim data from two observational, prospective studies on the use of Octanate® for ITI in patients in Russia.Purposes of research. The primary objective was to assess the efficacy of ITI. Secondary objectives included assessment of time to ITI success and inhibitor eradication.Patients and methods. Patients of any age with any severity of hemophilia A and a FVIII inhibitor  0.6 BU/mL were eligible. The ITI regimen was at the discretion of the treating physician.Results. The analysis included 73 patients. ITI outcomes were assessed in 63 patients who had completed the study, of whom 56 (89 %) had  1 poor prognostic factors. Inhibitor eradication was achieved by 77.1 % (37/48) of primary ITI patients and 71.4 % (45/63) of all patients, in a median of 2.4 months (range – 0.0–27.4) for both groups. Complete success was achieved by 72.9 % (35/48) of primary ITI patients in a median of 8.9 months (range – 2.4–28.0) and 66.7 % (42/63) of all patients in a median of 10.5 months (range – 2.4–28.0). No relapses were reported after complete or partial ITI success. Of the patients with  1 poor prognostic factors, 67.9 % achieved inhibitor eradication and 62.5 % complete success.Conclusions. ITI with Octanate® in a real-world setting showed rapid and sustained success, even in patients with poor prognostic factors.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Substituted Aryl Thiazoles With Antioxidant Potential as Gastro-sparing Anti-inflammatory Agents
Authors: Bansal Akhil , Bali Alka , Balaini Ajitesh 
Published: July 2020

Background:NSAIDs are used as first-line drugs for the treatment of various inflammatory disorders. Chronic use of NSAIDs is known to be associated with gastrointestinal and renal toxicity. Local generation of reactive oxygen species finally resulting in cellular apoptosis is one of the accepted mechanisms for NSAID-induced toxicity.Objective:The objective of the present study was to design and synthesize a series of 2-methane sulfonamido substituted arylthiazole derivatives by including structural features of combined antiulcer and anti-inflammatory activity utilizing as the structural core, thiazole nucleus with potential for antioxidant effect.Methods:Compounds were designed based on three dimensional and field similarity studies. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Rofecoxib and indomethacin were taken as standard drugs for comparison. The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed in potassium ferricyanide reducing power (PFRAP) assay employing ascorbic acid as the standard drug.Results:The compounds 6 and 7 showed good anti-inflammatory activity comparable to the standard group and were also non ulcerogenic at the test doses. Compounds 1-7 displayed varying degrees of reducing power in the PFRAP) assay and the methanesulphonamido derivatives 4-7 showed the highest antioxidant activity (EC50 values 3.7-5.1 μmol/ml vs ascorbic acid 7.4 μmol/ml). Theoretical ADME profiling of the compounds based on selected physicochemical properties showed excellent compliance with Lipinski’s rule.Conclusion:A series of compounds have been designed and synthesized having dual antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity with activities comparable to standard drugs.
Endometriotic Intramyometrial Cyst –A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Bhatt Anand Dineshkumar , Mishra Keeranmayee , Chavda Vishal 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Endometriosis is a pathological state in which the endometrial glands and
stroma are originated at sites other than the uterine cavity. Endometriotic cystic lesions are principally
positioned in ovaries but, infrequently, can also be encountered in the myometrium. It is a
rare manifestation which poses a multitude of differential diagnoses and therapeutic options.

Case study:
A 27-year-old female patient walked into hospital complaining of severe abdominal
pain since 2 days with a medical history of dysmenorrhoea since one and a half years. On examination,
the abdomen was found to be soft with the existence of lower abdominal tenderness. An Ultrasonography
revealed a myometrial posterior wall cyst of size 4 x 4 cm with thick wall and spotted
internal echoes favoring a differential diagnosis of either an endometriotic cyst or rudimentary
horn. Both ovaries were found normal. The patient was taken for laparoscopy in which a bulge was
seen on the posterior uterine wall. It was punctured to expose a myometrial cyst with dark chocolate
colored fluid collection. The intact cyst was enucleated and sent for histopathology, which confirmed
the diagnosis of the endometriotic cyst. Upon the literature survey, it was found that only
two such cases were available in the literature on internet which described a similar pathology.

Conclusion:
Endometrioma should be considered as a probable pathology whenever myometrial
cysts are encountered. A focused transvaginal examination can be very accommodating as a diagnostic
modality to set up proper management. This case should not only make the health
careproviders rethink the etiopathogenesis of endometriosis and debate the credibility of the retrograde
menstruation hypothesis but also encourage to accurately investigate any lesion anywhere in
the body, which looks like an endometriotic chocolate cyst. In this case, it is evident that a myometrial
spot is rare but not impossible. These rare occurrences shall direct to diversify the perception
of this pathology.
Short Term Efficacy of Modified Epley’s Maneuvre Assisted by Visual Aid Dynamic Device Versus Unassisted Maneuvre for the Treatment of Posterior Canal BPPV
Authors: Patel Dhruvkumar M. , Gurumukhani Jayanti K. , Patel Mukundkumar V. , Patel Maitri M. , Patel Chilvana , Patel Harsh D. , Patel Maurvi V. 
Published: July 2020

Introduction:
Modified Epley’s maneuver is the recommended treatment for the Posterior
Canal (PC) BPPV. To enhance the efficacy of this maneuver, an easy to perform visual aid
device (DizzyFIX) guided modified Epley’s maneuver was studied.

Material and Methods:
This prospective, double-blind, randomized study included consecutive
patients with PC-BPPV based on clinical history, neuro-otological examination, and positive Dix-
Hallpike (DHP) test from January 2018 to March 2019 at a neurology clinic of western India. Patients
were randomly assigned treatment with either visual aid device assisted modified Epley’s
maneuver, which constituted the case group or by a placebo device guided modified Epley’s maneuver,
which constituted the control group. DizzyFIX was used as a visual aid device in the case
group. Patients were followed up at one hour and 24 hours with DHP by the blinded examiners to
observe for remission.

Results:
Out of 280 patients (140 patients in each group), 6 from the case, and 2 from the controls
were lost from the follow-up. Overall, 134 cases were compared to 138 controls. The success rate of
remission in the case and the control group at one-hour was 79.19% vs. 48.30%, respectively, with
a p-value of 0.003. Similarly, the success rate in the case and control group at 24 hours was 95.27%
vs. 80.62%, respectively, with a p-value of 0.011. At 1 hour, unadjusted Odd Ratio (OR) was 4.13,
(C.I. 95% 2.02- 8.46) and at 24 hours, it was 4.37, (C.I. 95% 1.39-13.77), which was significant
even after adjustment of co-variables (OR 4.02, C.I. 95% 2.34- 8.26) and (OR 4.11, C.I. 95% 2.30-
14.26), respectively.

Conclusion:
For short term treatment of PC-BPPV, DizzyFIX assisted modified Epley’s maneuver
is more efficacious than unassisted modified Epley’s maneuver.
Anticancer Activity Assessment and DNA Binding Properties of Two Binuclear Platinum (II) Complexes using Spectroscopic and Molecular Simulation Approaches
Authors: Alavianmehr Mohammad M. , Ashrafi Abolfazl , Yousefi Reza , Haghighi Mohsen G. , Abolmaali Samira S. , Moosavi-Movahedi Ali A. , Rad Mohammad N.S. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Nowadays, the biological properties and anticancer activities of platinum-based drugs
and metal coordination complexes have been receiving particular attention. These compounds have revealed
clinical potential in cancer chemotherapy.

Objective:
In this research, two binuclear platinum complexes including [Pt2Cl2(bhq)2(μ-dppm)] (1) and [(p-
MeC6H4)(bhq) Pt(μ-dppm)Pt(bhq)(CF3CO2)] (2) with bhq: benzo[h] quinolone and dppm: bis(diphenylphosphino)
methane have been synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activity against A2780 and A2780/RCIS cancer
cell lines.

Methods:
The DNA binding and interaction of AMP/GMP nucleotide with these complexes were explored by
several experimental and theoretical methods, including UV-Visible, fluorescence spectroscopic techniques and
docking analysis. These complexes have demonstrated significant anticancer properties against cisplatinsensitive
(A2780) and cisplatin-resistant (A2780/RCIS) human ovarian cancer cell lines.

Results:
The obtained results indicated that these complexes interact with DNA. Additionally, the fluorescence
emission measurements indicated that the platinum complexes binding with DNA structure occurs through nonintercalative
interaction. The molecular docking assessments have also revealed the binding of these platinum
complexes through DNA grooves. Moreover, the results have indicated that complex 1 exhibited more anticancer
activity than complex 2.

Conclusion:
The results of the DNA binding with these platinum complexes confirmed their potential antitumor
properties. The substitution of -C6H4CH3 and -CO2CF3 groups in complex 2 with two chlorine atoms in complex 1
acquired the significant improvement of the anticancer activity against the cancer cell.
Anti-nociceptive Effect of Euphorbia hirta Leaf Extract: Involvement of Adenosine, Cholinergic, and Opioid Receptors
Authors: Olatoyan-Layonu Temitope Janet , Wakeel Olayemi Kamoru , Abe Abraham Ifedayo , Ojurongbe Olusola , Adeyeba Oluwaseyi Adegboyega 
Published: July 2020

Objective:
The study was designed to investigate the anti-nociceptive activity of Euphorbia
hirta leaf and its possible mechanism of action.

Methods:
The extract of Euphorbia hirta obtained from the leaf was prepared as per standard procedures
and evaluated at the three doses (300, 600, and 1200 mg/kg, i.p). The extract was screened for
anti-nociceptive activity using heat-induced (tail-flick) and chemical-induced (acetic acid-induced
writhing and formalin-induced paw lick) nociception models in mice. The possible mechanism of
action of the extract was evaluated using antagonists of notable nociceptive pathways.

Results:
Intraperitoneal administration of Euphorbia hirta extract at the doses of 600 and 1200
mg/kg significantly (p<0.05) reduced the formalin-induced paw licking in both neurogenic and
inflammatory phases of the test. While administration of the extract at the dose of 300 mg/kg significantly
inhibited the pain due to formalin in the inflammatory phase but not in the neurogenic
phase. The anti-nociceptive effect of Euphorbia hirta extract increased the reaction time to thermal
stimulus, also inhibited the acetic acid-induced writhing dose-dependently. The antinociceptive
effect exhibited by Euphorbia hirta extract in the formalin test was reversed by the
administration of naloxone, theophylline, and atropine. Glibenclamide, nifedipine, and yohimbine,
however, did not significantly block the anti-nociceptive effect of the extract. Meanwhile,
methylene blue administration enhanced the anti-nociceptive effect of the extract.

Conclusion:
The results indicated that Euphorbia hirta extract produces a dose-related antinociceptive
effect in several models of chemical and thermal pain, through mechanisms that
might involve interaction with adenosine, cholinergic, and opioid receptors.
Bone Marrow Aspiration/Biopsy in the Evaluation of Fever of Unknown Origin in Patients with AIDS
Authors: Hajiabdolbaghi Mahboubeh , Ataeinia Bahar , Ghadimi Fatemeh , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Badie Banafsheh Moradmand , Dadras Omid , Rasoolinejad Mehrnaz 
Published: July 2020

Background:
HIV can interrupt the normal development of bone marrow cell lines.
Bone marrow aspiration/biopsy (BMA/B) has been described as a diagnostic tool in AIDS patients
with fever of unknown origin (FUO). In this review, we aimed to study patients with AIDS who
had undergone a BMA/B to investigate FUO and describe the pathologies diagnosed in the biopsy.

Methods:
Thirty-four BMA/B samples were collected from AIDS patients admitted for work-up of
FUO to the infectious disease ward of a tertiary referral HIV center in Tehran, Iran, between
September 2014 and September 2015. Data including age, sex, duration of disease, CD4 cell
counts, hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) coinfection, the primary presentation of AIDS, and the
treatment history were retrieved and analyzed. Patients underwent BMA/B. An expert pathologist
reviewed the BMA/B specimens.

Results:
The mean age of the patients was 37.5 years (range, 26-56), and 27 (79%) were men.
Twenty-seven (79%) patients contracted HIV from injection drug use, and 7 (21%) via sexual transmission.
Only 3 (9%) of the BMA/B examinations were normal. Hypocellular bone marrow was diagnosed
in 22 (65%) patients. Other pathologies included granulomas in 6 (18%), hematologic malignancies
in 2 (6%), and leishmaniasis Aspergillosis, each in 1 (3%) patient. Six (17%) of the specimens
were found to have tuberculosis infections.

Conclusion:
Hypocellular bone marrow was the most common pathology on BMA/B examinations,
followed by the presence of granulomas. Tuberculosis, Aspergillosis, and Leishmaniasis the
opportunistic infections diagnosed on BMA/B specimens. Our results support BMA/B as an appropriate
diagnostic tool for early diagnosis of opportunistic infections and malignancies in AIDS.
BMA/B is indispensable in the armament of diagnostic tools of the physicians managing AIDS patients.
Biopsychosocial Predictors of Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly: A Case-control Study
Authors: Roshani Zahra , Kamrani Ahmad-Ali Akbari , Momtaz Yadollah Abolfathi 
Published: July 2020

Background:
Cognitive impairment is one of the most common diseases in the elderly.
Several studies have already been conducted to identify related factors, but few have explored all
the factors involved in the development of cognitive problems.

Objective:
The present study aimed to identify significant biopsychosocial predictors of cognitive
impairment.

Methods::
This case-control study was conducted on 535 elderly people referred to Shafa Clinic in
the city of Tehran in 2017. The biological factors including serum cholesterol, fasting blood sugar,
systolic and diastolic blood pressure, vitamin D, vitamin B12, serum folate, serum homocysteine,
height, and weight were measured. The psychological variable in this study was a history of depression
that was extracted from the medical records. Social network and social support were measured
by LSNS-6 and MOS-SSS questionnaires. The SPSS version 25 was used to analyze the data.

Results:
The mean age of the control group was 68.4 years (SD = 5.89) and of the case group was
71.5 years (SD = 7.37). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed age (AOR=1.05;
CI:1.089-1.016, p≤0.05,), Secondary education (AOR=0.51; CI:0.266-0.990, p<0.05,), Tertiary
education (AOR=0.41; CI:0.212-0.810, p<0.01,), hypertension (AOR=2.16; CI:3.671-1.266,
p<0.01) homocysteine level (AOR=1.09; CI:1.147-1.045, p<0.001,), Hypothyroidism (AOR=0.43;
CI: 0.226 0.820, p<0.001,), and depression (AOR=4.5; CI:7.163-2.822, p<0.001) to be significant
predictors of cognitive impairment.

Conclusion:
Results of this study showed that low education level, high blood pressure, high
level of homocysteine and depression likely increase the risk of cognitive impairment; also, it
was implied that timely screening can identify people at risk. The novelty of the present study is
that it used a combination of the biopsychosocial factors to predict unique predictors of cognitive
impairment.
Applying Translational Research in University-Industry Collaboration through Crab Farming for Socio-Economic Alleviation of Disadvantage Communities
Authors: Hashim Rugayah , Mohd Yusoff Saiful Bahari , Aminuddin Zaidi Mohd , Ismail Aida Maria 
Published: July 2020

Innovations can be translated into social entrepreneurship to benefit disadvantage communities. This paper narrates the social entrepreneurship project between Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) and Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor (UCS). UNIMAS’s crab cage innovation was implemented at the Pulau Salak community in Santubong, Sarawak. The social entrepreneurship expertise was provided by UCS. The translational research cum collaborative project has improved the living standards by exploiting on the built environment which is perfect for crab farming. Aquaculture as a cash crop will ensure food security and significant economic growth. Translational research projects should be the new normal after the pandemic lockdowns. Keywords: Translational research; Social entrepreneurship; Socio-economy; Aquaculture. eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI:https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.2098