bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosomal miR-126 blocks the development of non-small cell lung cancer through the inhibition of ITGA6
Authors: Li Mingjun , Wang Qianqian , Zhang Xiaofei , Yan Ningning , Li Xingya 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Exosomes, emerging mediators of intercellular communication, are reported to transfer certain non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), which play a crucial role in cancer progression. The objective of this study was to determine the function of exosomal miR-126 and provide a novel mechanism of miR-126 action in NSCLC.

Methods
The morphology of exosomes was identified by transmission electron microscope (TEM), and the exosomal surface markers were quantified by western blot. The expression of miR-126 and integrin alpha-6 (ITGA6) mRNA was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and ITGA6 protein expression was determined by western blot. For functional analyses, cell proliferation was assessed by colony formation assay and MTT assay. Cell cycle and cell apoptosis were monitored using flow cytometry assay. Cell migration and invasion were determined by transwell assay. ITGA6 was predicted as a target of miR-126 by bioinformatics analysis, which was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The role of exosomal miR-126 in vivo was determined by Xenograft tumor models.

Results
NSCLC serum-derived exosomes harbored low expression of miR-126 and promoted NSCLC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell migration and invasion. NSCLC serum-derived exosomes loaded with miR-126 mimic inhibits NSCLC cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion but induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Besides, exosomal miR-126 also blocked tumor growth in vivo. In mechanism, ITGA6 was a target of miR-126, and exosomal miR-126 weakened these NSCLC cell malignant behaviors and inhibited tumor growth by degrading the expression of ITGA6.

Conclusion
Exosomal miR-126 blocked the progression of NSCLC through the mediation of its target gene ITGA6, and exosomal miR-126 might be used as a promising biomarker for NSCLC therapy.
Coagulation abnormalities in SARS-CoV-2 infection: overexpression tissue factor
Authors: Eslamifar Zahra , Behzadifard Mahin , Soleimani Masoud , Behzadifard Saba 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAmong the pathways and mediators that may be dysregulated in COVID-19 infection, there are proinflammatory cytokines, lymphocyte apoptosis, and the coagulation cascade. Venous and arterial thromboembolisms also are frequent in COVID-19 patients with the increased risk of some life-threatening complications such as pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke. In this regard, overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α induce cytokine storms, increase the risk of clot formation, platelet activation, and multiorgan failure that may eventually lead to death among these patients. Surface S protein of SARS-CoV-2 binds to its target transmembrane receptor, named as angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2(, on various cells such as lymphocyte, alveolar cells, monocytes/macrophages, and platelets. Notably, the activation of the coagulation cascade occurs through tissue factor (TF)/FVIIa-initiated hemostasis. Accordingly, TF plays the major role in the activation of coagulation system during viral infection. In viral infections, the related coagulopathy multiple factors such as inflammatory cytokines and viral specific TLRs are involved, which consequently induce TF expression aberrantly. SARS-COV-2 may directly infect monocytes/ macrophages. In addition, TF expression/release from these cells may play a critical role in the development of COVID-19 coagulopathy. In this regard, the use of TF- VIIa complex inhibitor may reduce the cytokine storm and mortality among COVID-19 patients.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells therapy enhance immunoregulatory properties in acute graft versus host disease with combination of regulatory T cells
Authors: Park Min-Jung , Baek Jin-Ah , Kim Se-Young , Jung Kyung-Ah , Choi Jeong Won , Park Sung-Hwan , Kwok Seung‐Ki , Cho Mi-La 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundMyeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) play a critical role in modulating the immune response and promoting immune tolerance in models of autoimmunity and transplantation. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) exert therapeutic potential due to their immunomodulatory properties, which have been demonstrated both in vitro and in clinical trials. Cell-based therapy for acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) may enable induction of donor-specific tolerance in the preclinical setting.MethodsWe investigated whether the immunoregulatory activity of the combination of MDSCs and Tregs on T cell and B cell subset and alloreactive T cell response. We evaluated the therapeutic effects of combined cell therapy for a murine aGVHD model following MHC-mismatched bone marrow transplantation. We compared histologic analysis from the target tissues of each groups were and immune cell population by flow cytometric analysis.ResultsWe report a novel approach to inducing immune tolerance using a combination of donor-derived MDSCs and Tregs. The combined cell-therapy modulated in vitro the proliferation of alloreactive T cells and the Treg/Th17 balance in mice and human system. Systemic infusion of MDSCs and Tregs ameliorated serverity and inflammation of aGVHD mouse model by reducing the populations of proinflammatory Th1/Th17 cells and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in target tissue. The combined therapy promoted the differentiation of allogeneic T cells toward Foxp3 + Tregs and IL-10-producing regulatory B cells. The combination treatment control also activated human T and B cell subset.ConclusionsTherefore, the combination of MDSCs and Tregs has immunomodulatory activity and induces immune tolerance to prevent of aGVHD severity. This could lead to the development of new clinical approaches to the prevent aGVHD.
Corticosteroid use in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis on clinical outcomes
Authors: van Paassen Judith , Vos Jeroen S. , Hoekstra Eva M. , Neumann Katinka M. I. , Boot Pauline C. , Arbous Sesmu M. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
In the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there has been worldwide debate on the use of corticosteroids in COVID-19. In the recent RECOVERY trial, evaluating the effect of dexamethasone, a reduced 28-day mortality in patients requiring oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation was shown. Their results have led to considering amendments in guidelines or actually already recommending corticosteroids in COVID-19. However, the effectiveness and safety of corticosteroids still remain uncertain, and reliable data to further shed light on the benefit and harm are needed.

Objectives
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of corticosteroids in COVID-19.

Methods
A systematic literature search of RCTS and observational studies on adult patients was performed across Medline/PubMed, Embase and Web of Science from December 1, 2019, until October 1, 2020, according to the PRISMA guidelines. Primary outcomes were short-term mortality and viral clearance (based on RT-PCR in respiratory specimens). Secondary outcomes were: need for mechanical ventilation, need for other oxygen therapy, length of hospital stay and secondary infections.

Results
Forty-four studies were included, covering 20.197 patients. In twenty-two studies, the effect of corticosteroid use on mortality was quantified. The overall pooled estimate (observational studies and RCTs) showed a significant reduced mortality in the corticosteroid group (OR 0.72 (95%CI 0.57–0.87). Furthermore, viral clearance time ranged from 10 to 29 days in the corticosteroid group and from 8 to 24 days in the standard of care group. Fourteen studies reported a positive effect of corticosteroids on need for and duration of mechanical ventilation. A trend toward more infections and antibiotic use was present.

Conclusions
Our findings from both observational studies and RCTs confirm a beneficial effect of corticosteroids on short-term mortality and a reduction in need for mechanical ventilation. And although data in the studies were too sparse to draw any firm conclusions, there might be a signal of delayed viral clearance and an increase in secondary infections.
Nothobranchius annual killifishes
Authors: Terzibasi Tozzini Eva , Cellerino Alessandro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAnnual fishes of the genus Nothobranchius inhabit ephemeral habitats in Eastern and Southeastern Africa. Their life cycle is characterized by very rapid maturation, a posthatch lifespan of a few weeks to months and embryonic diapause to survive the dry season. The speciesN. furzeriholds the record of the fastest-maturing vertebrate and of the vertebrate with the shortest captive lifespan and is emerging as model organism in biomedical research, evolutionary biology, and developmental biology. Extensive characterization of age-related phenotypes in the laboratory and of ecology, distribution, and demography in the wild are available. Species/populations from habitats differing in precipitation intensity show parallel evolution of lifespan and age-related traits that conform to the classical theories on aging. Genome sequencing and the establishment of CRISPR/Cas9 techniques made this species particularly attractive to investigate the effects genetic and non-genetic intervention on lifespan and aging-related phenotypes. At the same time, annual fishes are a very interesting subject for comparative approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics. TheN. furzericommunity is highly diverse and rapidly expanding and organizes a biannual meeting.
Quantum simulations of light-matter interactions in arbitrary coupling regimes
Authors: Lamata L. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Light-matter interactions are an established field that is experiencing a renaissance in recent years due to the introduction of exotic coupling regimes. These include the ultrastrong and deep-strong coupling regimes, where the coupling constant is smaller and of the order of the frequency of the light mode, or larger than this frequency, respectively. In the past few years, quantum simulations of light-matter interactions in all possible coupling regimes have been proposed and experimentally realized, in quantum platforms such as trapped ions, superconducting circuits, cold atoms, and quantum photonics. We review this fledgling field, illustrating the benefits and challenges of the quantum simulations of light-matter interactions with quantum technologies.
MorbiNet Study: Hypothyroidism Comorbidity Networks in the Adult General Population
Authors: Moratalla-Navarro Ferran , Moreno Victor , López-Simarro Flora , Aguado Alba 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPurposeMultimorbidity impacts quality of life. We constructed hypothyroidism comorbidity networks to identify positive and negative associations with other prevalent diseases.MethodsWe analyzed data of 285 342 patients with hypothyroidism from 3 135 948 adults with multimorbidity in a population-based study in Catalonia, Spain, (period: 2006-2017). We constructed hypothyroidism comorbidity networks using logistic regression models, adjusted by age and sex, and for men and women separately. We considered relevant associations those with odds ratios (OR) &gt;1.2 or &lt;0.8 and P value &lt; 1e-5 to identify coexistence greater (or smaller) than the expected by the prevalence of diseases. Multivariate models considering comorbidities were used to further adjust OR values.ResultsThe conditions associated included larynx cancer (adjusted OR: 2.48), congenital anomalies (2.26), thyroid cancer (2.13), hyperthyroidism (1.66), vitamin B12/folate deficiency anemia (1.57), and goiter (1.56). The network restricted to men had more connections (mental, cardiovascular, and neurological) and stronger associations with thyroid cancer (7.26 vs 2.55), congenital anomalies (5.11 vs 2.13), hyperthyroidism (4.46 vs 1.69), larynx cancer (3.55 vs 1.67), and goiter (3.94 vs 1.64). After adjustment for comorbidities, OR values were more similar in men and women. The strongest negative associations after adjusting for comorbidities were with HIV/AIDS (OR: 0.71) and tobacco abuse (0.77).ConclusionsNetworks show direct and indirect hypothyroidism multimorbidity associations. The strongest connections were thyroid and larynx cancer, congenital anomalies, hyperthyroidism, anemia, and goiter. Negative associations included HIV/AIDS and tobacco abuse. The network restricted to men had more and stronger associations, but not after adjusting for comorbidities, suggesting important indirect interactions.
Revisiting the Complexity of GLP-1 Action from Sites of Synthesis to Receptor Activation
Authors: McLean Brent A , Wong Chi Kin , Campbell Jonathan E , Hodson David J , Trapp Stefan , Drucker Daniel J 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGlucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is produced in gut endocrine cells and in the brain, and acts through hormonal and neural pathways to regulate islet function, satiety, and gut motility, supporting development of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. Classic notions of GLP-1 acting as a meal-stimulated hormone from the distal gut are challenged by data supporting production of GLP-1 in the endocrine pancreas, and by the importance of brain-derived GLP-1 in the control of neural activity. Moreover, attribution of direct vs indirect actions of GLP-1 is difficult, as many tissue and cellular targets of GLP-1 action do not exhibit robust or detectable GLP-1R expression. Furthermore, reliable detection of the GLP-1R is technically challenging, highly method dependent, and subject to misinterpretation. Here we revisit the actions of GLP-1, scrutinizing key concepts supporting gut vs extra-intestinal GLP-1 synthesis and secretion. We discuss new insights refining cellular localization of GLP-1R expression and integrate recent data to refine our understanding of how and where GLP-1 acts to control inflammation, cardiovascular function, islet hormone secretion, gastric emptying, appetite, and body weight. These findings update our knowledge of cell types and mechanisms linking endogenous vs pharmacological GLP-1 action to activation of the canonical GLP-1R, and the control of metabolic activity in multiple organs.
A nova cartografia abissal após a promulgação da Lei 13.465/2017: análise das modificações promovidas em matéria de regularização fundiária urbana de interesse social / The new abyssal cartography after the promulgation of Law No 13.465/2017: analysis of modifications promoted concerning urban land regularization of social interest
Authors: Almeida Marcos Felipe Lopes de , Rosa Waleska Marcy 
Published: December 2020

ResumoO presente trabalho busca analisar as modificações promovidas pela Lei nº 13.465/2017 em comparação com a Lei revogada nº 11.977/2009, no que tange à regularização fundiária urbana de interesse social, cujos beneficiários são populações de baixa renda. Assim, a partir da metodologia de análise documental das referidas leis e da proposição teórica do pensamento abissal, cunhada por Boaventura de Sousa Santos, traçam-se inferências com objetivo de averiguar se a linha abissal jurídica ganhou uma nova configuração com a promulgação do referido diploma normativo. Além disso, abordam-se a composição do direito à moradia adequada, que não se resume à garantia de uma casa para morar, e sua compatibilidade com o novo paradigma de regularização fundiária urbana de interesse social. Por fim, verifica-se que a Lei 13.465/2017 priorizou a formalização da propriedade, em detrimento da urbanização e da oferta de serviços públicos, implicando em um aprofundamento da linha abissal. Portanto, a contribuição do trabalho reside, então, na compreensão da repercussão das mudanças legislativas no direito à moradia adequada e no enfrentamento às desigualdades sociais.Palavras-chave: Regularização fundiária; Direito à moradia adequada; Pensamento abissal;Legalização; Urbanização. AbstractThis paper seeks to analyze the modifications promoted by the law n. 13.465/2017 in comparison with the revoked law n. 11.977/2009, regarding the urban land regularization of social interest, whose beneficiaries are low-income communities. Using the documental analysis methodology on referred laws and the theoretical proposal of abyssal thinking, by Boaventura de Sousa Santos, inferences are built with the purpose to investigate if the law’s abyssal line got a different configuration after the promulgation of the new legal framework. Besides, the composition of the right to adequate housing, which is not limited to the guarantee of a house for living, and its compatibility with the new paradigm of urban land regularization of social interest are described. Finally, it is concluded that law n. 13.465/2017 prioritized the formalization of property, instead of the urbanization and the provision of public services, implying a deepening of the abyssal line. Therefore, the paper’s contribution is understanding the repercussion of legislative modifications in the right to adequate housing and in the confrontation of social inequalities.Keywords: Land regularization; Right to adequate housing; Abyssal thinking; Legalization; Urbanization.
Aplicativos de mobilidade urbana e compartilhamento de dados de tráfego com o poder público: uma análise com base na Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados brasileira / Urban mobility applications and sharing of traffic data with public power: an analysis based on the General Data Protection Law in Brazil
Authors: Guimarães Patrícia Borba Vilar , Xavier Yanko Marcius de Alencar , Diniz Braulio Gomes Mendes 
Published: December 2020

ResumoEste artigo avalia as possibilidades de aplicativos de mobilidade urbana compartilharem dados de tráfego com o poder público como forma de auxiliar no planejamento da mobilidade urbana. Inicialmente, apresenta-se a estrutura de organização de da economia do compartilhamento, que depende intensamente do fornecimento de dados por parte dos usuários para oferecer os serviços propostos. Em seguida, destaca-se a relevância jurídica desses dados pessoais e os fundamentos de sua proteção, por um lado, e a importância de obter dados de tráfego para o planejamento da mobilidade urbana, por outro. Definido o contexto em que o debate é proposto, avalia-se de que maneira a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD) brasileira aborda essa questão do compartilhamento de dados pessoais com o Estado, bem como as regras específicas de três das plataformas de serviços de transporte em operação no Brasil (Uber, Cabify e 99). A partir da análise, sugerem-se como alternativas ao compartilhamento dentro dos parâmetros legais: i) o fornecimento de dados anonimizados, agregados ou tratados de modo a preservar o direito à privacidade; ii) a preservação de segredos comercial e industrial; e iii) reforço nas políticas de privacidade quanto às regras de consentimento do usuário.Palavras-chave: Mobilidade urbana. Aplicativos. Proteção de dados. LGPD. Compartilhamento de dados. AbstractThis article assesses the possibilities for urban mobility applications to share traffic data with the government as a way to assist in planning urban mobility. Initially sharing economy is presented as which depends heavily on data provision by users to offer their proposed services. Then, it highlights the legal relevance of personal data and their protection, on the one hand, and the importance of obtaining traffic data for the planning of urban mobility, on the other. Having defined the context in which the debate is proposed, it is assessed how the Brazilian General Data Protection Law (LGPD) addresses this issue of sharing personal data with the State, as well as the specific rules of three of the service urban mobility platforms in operation in Brazil (Uber, Cabify and 99). From the analysis, the following alternatives are suggested within the brazilian legal parameters: i) the provision of anonymized data, aggregated or treated in order to preserve the right to privacy; ii) the preservation of commercial and industrial secrets; and iii) reinforcement of privacy policies regarding user consent rules.Keywords: urban mobility. Applications. Data protection. LGPD. Data sharing.
Paediatric dental treatment under inhalation sedation by a therapist in secondary care: An audit
Authors: Palmer Elara , Campbell Sarah-Jayne , Foo Lee 
Published: December 2020

We investigated the success of paediatric dental treatment under inhalation sedation (IHS) with nitrous oxide completed by a dental therapist, as an alternative to general anaesthesia (GA) in secondary care. We found that 94% of had treatment successfully completed under IHS by a therapist. These patients were assessed as being suitable for IHS and were referred to the therapist via a new patient clinic. The success of therapists treating paediatric patients with IHS could help reduce pressure on GA waiting lists. As well as being a safer treatment option, this method allows effective conservative treatment to be completed and thereby reducing the number of extractions required, which is a major benefit to patients' future health and wellbeing. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This study shows the success of treatment under inhalation sedation by a dental therapist. Appropriate referral to therapists has the potential to reduce the need for procedures under general anaesthesia. This has the affect of reducing the strain on our general anaesthetic waiting lists, as well as having a positive impact on the health and wellbeing of our patients with IHS being considered the safer option.