bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat shock protein 60 and cardiovascular diseases: An intricate love‐hate story
Authors: Krishnan‐Sivadoss Indumathi , Mijares‐Rojas Iván A. , Villarreal‐Leal Ramiro A. , Torre‐Amione Guillermo , Knowlton Anne A. , Guerrero‐Beltrán C. Enrique 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the result of complex pathophysiological processes in the tissues comprising the heart and blood vessels. Inflammation is the main culprit for the development of cardiovascular dysfunction, and it may be traced to cellular stress events including apoptosis, oxidative and shear stress, and cellular and humoral immune responses, all of which impair the system's structure and function. An intracellular chaperone, heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) is an intriguing example of a protein that may both be an ally and a foe for cardiovascular homeostasis; on one hand providing protection against cellular injury, and on the other triggering damaging responses through innate and adaptive immunity. In this review we will discuss the functions of HSP60 and its effects on cells and the immune system regulation, only to later address its implications in the development and progression of CVD. Lastly, we summarize the outcome of various studies targeting HSP60 as a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular and other diseases.
Novel heterozygous truncating titin variants affecting the A‐band are associated with cardiomyopathy and myopathy/muscular dystrophy
Authors: Rich Kelly A. , Moscarello Tia , Siskind Carly , Brock Guy , Tan Christopher A. , Vatta Matteo , Winder Thomas L. , Elsheikh Bakri , Vicini Leah , Tucker Brianna , Palettas Marilly , Hershberger Ray E. , Kissel John T. , Morales Ana , Roggenbuck Jennifer 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundVariants in TTN are frequently identified in the genetic evaluation of skeletal myopathy or cardiomyopathy. However, due to the high frequency of TTN variants in the general population, incomplete penetrance, and limited understanding of the spectrum of disease, interpretation of TTN variants is often difficult for laboratories and clinicians. Currently, cardiomyopathy is associated with heterozygous A‐band TTN variants, whereas skeletal myopathy is largely associated with homozygous or compound heterozygous TTN variants. Recent reports show pathogenic variants in TTN may result in a broader phenotypic spectrum than previously recognized.MethodsHere we report the results of a multisite study that characterized the phenotypes of probands with variants in TTN. We investigated TTN genotype‐phenotype correlations in probands with skeletal myopathy and/or cardiomyopathy. Probands with TTN truncating variants (TTNtv) or pathogenic missense variants were ascertained from two academic medical centers. Variants were identified via clinical genetic testing and reviewed according to the American College of Medical Genetics criteria. Clinical and family history data were documented via retrospective chart review. Family studies were performed for probands with atypical phenotypes.ResultsForty‐nine probands were identified with TTNtv or pathogenic missense variants. Probands were classified by clinical presentation: cardiac (n = 30), skeletal muscle (n = 12), or both (cardioskeletal, n = 7). Within the cardioskeletal group, 5/7 probands had heterozygous TTNtv predicted to affect the distal (3’) end of the A‐band. All cardioskeletal probands had onset of proximal‐predominant muscle weakness before diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, five pedigrees support dominant transmission.ConclusionAlthough heterozygous TTNtv in the A‐band is known to cause dilated cardiomyopathy, we present evidence that these variants may in some cases cause a novel, dominant skeletal myopathy with a limb‐girdle pattern of weakness. These findings emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary care for patients with A‐band TTNtv who may be at risk for multisystem disease.
Low‐power inductorless wideband SFBB balun low noise amplifier with noise reduction and third‐order transconductance optimization
Authors: Tiwari Shashank , Mukherjee Jayanta 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis article presents an inductorless wideband balun low noise amplifier (LNA), which uses noise reduction and linearity optimization techniques at low supply voltages. The proposed self forward body biased LNA uses inverter type amplifier structure as input stage for impedance matching while output stages are noise reduction stages, which partially cancel the noise of the input stage. In addition to noise reduction, transistors are biased near‐zero third‐order transconductance region to maximize third‐order input‐referred intercept point (IIP3) performance at low supply voltages. The LNA, implemented in 180 nm RFCMOS technology, is evaluated at 1 and 0.9 V supply voltages to show low voltage operation. It shows a maximum voltage gain of 19.7 dB with a minimum noise figure of 2.7 dB and a maximum 3‐dB bandwidth that spans from 300 MHz to 1.83 GHz. The minimum achieved IIP3 at 0.9 V supply voltage is −1.7 dBm. The circuit draws a maximum current of 10.36 mA from 1 V power supply and occupies an area of 0.08 mm2.
Resistance‐loaded miniaturized dual‐layer Vivaldi antenna for plasma reflection diagnosis
Authors: Zhao Chengwei , Li Xiaoping , Yang Min , Sun Chao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn ultra‐wideband (UWB) resistance‐loaded Vivaldi antenna is proposed in this letter. The antenna is in the form of a dual‐layer Vivaldi, sandwiching the feeding strip in the middle, thus avoiding excessive interference to the feeding strip and the H‐plane pattern is more symmetrical. By adding 100‐Ω resistors to Vivaldi, the impedance characteristics of the low frequency can be significantly improved. In addition, by the introduction of serrate on the Vivaldi, the current path can be changed, which improves the pattern and increases the gain. To verify the design, the antenna substrate plate was processed and measured with the size of 0.5λL × 0.36λL, where λL is the wavelength of the low frequency. From the measured results, the proposed antenna achieves a wide impedance bandwidth of 8:1 from 2.0 to 16.3 GHz with a return loss more than 10 dB. Moreover, the measured gain of the antenna is 4 to 11 dBi, and the radiation pattern is very stable over the entire frequency bandwidth.
Compact MIMO antenna using stepped impedance resonator‐based metasurface for 5G and WIFI applications
Authors: Wang Zhan , Dong Yuandan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA compact metasurface‐based multiple‐input and multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna using the stepped impedance resonator (SIR) for 5G and WIFI applications is investigated in this article. The SIR patch unit‐cells are periodically etched on the two sides of a thin PCB substrate. As a result, the metal‐insulator‐metal (MIM) capacitor as the series left‐hand (LH) capacitor is introduced into the right‐handed transmission line (RH‐TL). Besides, the RH inductor could be easily adjusted through the SIR patch. Based on the dispersion relation of the metamaterial‐inspired SIR TL, a compact metasurface antenna is proposed and analyzed. A 3‐cell MIMO antenna with a reduced oversize of 0.48 λ0 × 1.34 λ0 × 0.05 λ0 (with λ0 being the free‐wavelength at 4.7 GHz.) for WIFI application is proposed and fabricated. Good agreement between measurement and simulation has been observed. Wide impedance bandwidth (covering 4.68‐5.75 GHz, 20.5%) and good isolation (all below −25 dB) are achieved. The measured peak gain and radiation efficiency are greater than 7.8 dBi and 90%, respectively. Owing to a compact antenna configuration, wide bandwidth (covering both 5G sub‐6GHz and WIFI bands), good radiation performance, and an easy fabrication process, this antenna is well suited for 5G or/and 5 GHz WIFI application in the base station.
86 to 94GHzlow lossCMOSbalanced resistive mixer using an asymmetric broadside coupler and delay lines
Authors: Kim Jihoon 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAn 86 to 94 GHz balanced resistive mixer (BRM) is presented using a 65 nm complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) process. We minimize parasitic losses which are serious at high frequency by adopting symmetric transistor structures. A low loss 180° hybrid is implemented using an asymmetric broadside coupler and delay lines. This allows low‐loss implementation of 86 to 94 GHz BRMs, which represent a conversion loss of 10.3 to 13.0 dB from 86 to 94 GHz of RF frequencies. The balanced designs produce LO‐to‐RF isolations of 32 to 36 dB from 87 to 93 GHz. The proposed CMOS BRM shows competitive results when compared to GaAs‐ or InP‐based balanced resistive mixers having moderate LO power requirements.
Observational study on the evaluation of quality of life in patients affected by enteropathic spondyloarthritis
Authors: Chimenti Maria Sole , Conigliaro Paola , Polistena Barbara , Triggianese Paola , D'Antonio Arianna , Neri Benedetto , Sena Giorgia , Spandonaro Federico , Biancone Livia , Perricone Roberto 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundEnteropathic spondyloarthritis (ESpA) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have high impact on physical and psychological health but health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) has never been evaluated in ESpA patients.PurposeCross‐sectional multidisciplinary study was performed to evaluate HRQoL, state of health, and well‐being in IBD and ESpA patients.MethodsConsecutive IBD and ESpA outpatients were enrolled. Disease activity, inflammatory parameters, function, and quality of life (EuroQol questionnaire) were assessed at visit time and compared with 12 months ago.ResultsTwo hundred fifty‐three IBD patients were evaluated. Ninety‐five patients met inclusion criteria. ESpA was established in 65.3% IBD patients. Most ESpA patients had discreet or good health perception (65.3% and 22.5%, respectively), similar to IBD group (64.6% and 20.7%, respectively). In both groups, no patients had exceptional state of general well‐being. Compared with previous 12 months, ESpA group showed improved state of health in 12% of patients, worsening in 28% and stable state of health in 60%. Similar results were obtained in IBD group. Emotional and psychological problems (anxiety, depression, and feeling of loneliness and isolation) were reported: In ESpA patients, these feelings were observed in 58.1%, 40.57%, and 29% of cases, respectively; IBD patients showed slightly lower percentage. More than half of ESpA and IBD patients reported an embarrassment about their condition and worry about disease's future progression and physical pain.ConclusionsWell‐being, quality of life, and psychological problems were described in ESpA and IBD patients. Disease management should include also social, mental, and psychological impacts, in terms of QoL.
Adaptive importance sampling for extreme quantile estimation with stochastic black box computer models
Authors: Pan Qiyun , Byon Eunshin , Ko Young Myoung , Lam Henry 
Published: August 2020

AbstractQuantile is an important quantity in reliability analysis, as it is related to the resistance level for defining failure events. This study develops a computationally efficient sampling method for estimating extreme quantiles using stochastic black box computer models. Importance sampling has been widely employed as a powerful variance reduction technique to reduce estimation uncertainty and improve computational efficiency in many reliability studies. However, when applied to quantile estimation, importance sampling faces challenges, because a good choice of the importance sampling density relies on information about the unknown quantile. We propose an adaptive method that refines the importance sampling density parameter toward the unknown target quantile value along the iterations. The proposed adaptive scheme allows us to use the simulation outcomes obtained in previous iterations for steering the simulation process to focus on important input areas. We prove some convergence properties of the proposed method and show that our approach can achieve variance reduction over crude Monte Carlo sampling. We demonstrate its estimation efficiency through numerical examples and wind turbine case study.
Application of enhanced recovery after surgery in total knee arthroplasty in patients with haemophilia A: A pilot study
Authors: Wu Yan , Xue Haipeng , Zhang Wenqiang , Wu Yuhong , Yang Yanwei , Ji Hong 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAimTo identify the effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) and rapid rehabilitation concepts on the outcomes of patients with haemophilia A undergoing total knee arthroplasty.DesignRandomized controlled trial.MethodsThe primary endpoint was postoperative hospital stay. The secondary endpoints were pain scores, joint function scores, haemoglobin levels at 3 and 7 days after surgery and satisfaction with hospitalization.ResultsThirty‐two patients were enrolled. Compared with the routine nursing group, the ERAS group showed shorter postoperative hospital stay (14.2 SD 0.8 vs. 16.6 ± 1.3 days, p < .001), smaller amounts of blood transfusion (924 SD 317 vs. 1,263 SD 449 ml, p = .020) and coagulation factors (37,325 SD 5,996 vs. 48,475 SD 8,019 U, p < .001), lower pain scores at 3 (3.3 SD 0.7 vs. 4.3 SD 0.7, p = .002) and 7 (2.3 SD 0.7 vs. 2.8 ± 0.5, p = .015) days, lower hospital for special surgery knee scores at 3 (59.9 SD 7.8 vs. 53.6 SD 5.9, p = .016) and 7 (77.9 SD 6.9 vs. 71.1 ± 7.1, p = .009) days and higher satisfaction with hospitalization (94.3 SD 1.4 vs. 92.7 SD 1.6, p = .004).
An efficient spectral method and rigorous error analysis based on dimension reduction scheme for fourth order problems
Authors: Li Lan , An Jing 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an effective spectral method based on dimension reduction scheme for fourth order problems in polar geometric domains. First, the original problem is decomposed into a series of one‐dimensional fourth order problems by polar coordinate transformation and the orthogonal properties of Fourier basis function. Then the weak form and the corresponding discrete scheme of each one‐dimensional fourth order problem are derived by introducing polar conditions and appropriate weighted Sobolev spaces. In addition, we define the projection operators in the weighted Sobolev space and give its approximation properties, and further prove the error estimation of each one‐dimensional fourth order problem. Finally, we provide some numerical examples, and the numerical results show the effectiveness of our algorithm and the correctness of the theoretical results.
Nonrespiratory Complications and Obesity in Patients Dying with COVID‐19 in Italy
Authors: Onder Graziano , Palmieri Luigi , Vanacore Nicola , Giuliano Marina , Brusaferro Silvio ,   the Italian National Institute of Health COVID‐19 Mortality Group
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the impact of obesity on nonrespiratory complications in patients dying with coronavirus disease (COVID‐19).MethodsMedical charts of 3,694 of patients dying with COVID‐19 in Italy were reviewed to extract information on demographics, preexisting comorbidities, and in‐hospital complications leading to death. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed to assess the association of obesity with nonrespiratory complications. These analyses were adjusted for age, gender, and number of preexisting comorbidities.ResultsObesity was present in 411/3,694 (11.1%) patients dying with COVID‐19. Obesity was significantly associated with increased probability of experiencing acute renal failure (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.33; 95% CI: 1.04‐1.71) and shock (adjusted OR, 1.54; 95% CI: 1.19‐1.99). The associations of obesity with acute renal failure and shock were stronger in patients aged < 60 years (adjusted OR, 2.00; 95% CI: 1.09‐3.67 and OR, 2.37; 95% CI 1.29‐4.36) than in those aged 60 years or older (adjusted OR, 1.20; 95% CI: 0.90‐1.60 and OR, 1.22; 95% CI: 0.91‐1.65).ConclusionsIn patients dying with COVID‐19 in Italy, obesity is associated with an increased probability of nonrespiratory complications, particularly shock and acute renal failure. These associations seem stronger in younger than in older adults. Strategies should be put in place in patients with COVID‐19 with obesity to prevent these complications.
Validated methods for identifying individuals with obesity in health care administrative databases: A systematic review
Authors: Samadoulougou Sékou , Idzerda Leanne , Dault Roxane , Lebel Alexandre , Cloutier Anne‐Marie , Vanasse Alain 
Published: August 2020

SummaryBackgroundHealth care administrative databases are increasingly used for health studies and public health surveillance. Cases of individuals with obesity are selected using case‐identification methods. However, the validity of these methods is fragmentary and particularly challenging for obesity case identification.ObjectiveThe objectives of this systematic review are to (1) determine the case‐identification methods used to identify individuals with obesity in health care administrative databases and (2) to summarize the validity of these case‐identification methods when compared with a reference standard.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in six bibliographic databases for the period January 1980 to June 2019 for all studies evaluating obesity case‐identification methods compared with a reference standard.ResultsSeventeen articles met the inclusion criteria. International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes were the only case‐identification method utilized in selected articles. The performance of obesity‐identification methods varied widely across studies, with positive predictive value ranging from 19% to 100% while sensitivity ranged from 3% to 92%. The sensitivity of these methods was usually low while the specificity was higher.ConclusionWhen obesity is reported in health care administrative databases, it is usually correctly reported; however, obesity tends to be highly underreported in databases. Therefore, case‐identification methods to monitor the prevalence and incidence of obesity within health care administrative databases are not reliable. In contrast, the use of these methods remains relevant for the selection of individuals with obesity for cohort studies, particularly when identifying cohorts of individuals with severe obesity or cohorts where obesity is associated with comorbidities.
Studying human–nature relationships through a network lens: A systematic review
Authors: Kluger Lotta C. , Gorris Philipp , Kochalski Sophia , Mueller Miriam S. , Romagnoni Giovanni 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Understanding the complex interlinkages between humans and nature is crucial for developing strategies to effectively manage natural resources and to enhance resilience of social–ecological systems (SES). Network analysis bears great potential to advance such comprehension of SESs because it allows for identifying and analysing direct and indirect relationships and processes. As a result, the number of network studies in social–ecological research has rapidly grown over the last decade.

This work systematizes existing network approaches for analysing human–nature relationships based on the level of integration of both the social and ecological realms in the network conceptualization.

A structured inductive review of existing empirical network studies exploring a wide range of phenomena at the human–nature interface was conducted, resulting in 138 studies falling into three proposed categories. We examine their network conceptualization and means of analysis, and discuss challenges and potentials of each of the three categories in empirical research.

The study highlights the diversity and creativity with which distinct social and ecological entities are defined to enable the use of a variety of network analytical approaches in SES research.

Demonstrating the increasing recognition of network analysis to describe human–nature relationships since the early 2000s and providing an overview of the many useful conceptual and methodological approaches, this article contributes to systematizing the existing studies and provides practical guidance for network research to help disentangling complex SES.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Features of increased malignancy in eosinophilic clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Nilsson Helén , Lindgren David , Axelson Håkan , Brueffer Christian , Saal Lao H , Lundgren Jaana , Johansson Martin E 
Published: August 2020

AbstractClear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common form of renal cancer. Due to inactivation of the von Hippel–Lindau tumour suppressor, the hypoxia‐inducible transcription factors (HIFs) are constitutively activated in these tumours, resulting in a pseudo‐hypoxic phenotype. The HIFs induce the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis and cell survival, but they also reset the cellular metabolism to protect cells from oxygen and nutrient deprivation. ccRCC tumours are highly vascularized and the cytoplasm of the cancer cells is filled with lipid droplets and glycogen, resulting in the histologically distinctive pale (clear) cytoplasm. Intratumoural heterogeneity may occur, and in some tumours, areas with granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm are found. Little is known regarding these traits and how they relate to the coexistent clear cell component, yet eosinophilic ccRCC is associated with higher grade and clinically more aggressive tumours. In this study, we have for the first time performed RNA sequencing comparing histologically verified clear cell and eosinophilic areas from ccRCC tissue, aiming to analyse the characteristics of these cell types. Findings from RNA sequencing were confirmed by immunohistochemical staining of biphasic ccRCC. We found that the eosinophilic phenotype displayed a higher proliferative drive and lower differentiation, and we confirmed a correlation to tumours of higher stage. We further identified mutations of the tumour suppressor p53 (TP53) exclusively in the eosinophilic ccRCC component, where mTORC1 activity was also elevated. Also, eosinophilic areas were less vascularized, yet harboured more abundant infiltrating immune cells. The cytoplasm of clear cell ccRCC cells was filled with lipids but had very low mitochondrial content, while the reverse was found in eosinophilic tissue. We herein suggest possible transcriptional mechanisms behind these phenomena. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.