bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The health of women and girls released from prison - findings from Australia and internationally
Authors: Janca E 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Women and girls involved in the criminal justice system experience a higher burden of morbidity than their justice-involved male counterparts and women in the general population. In addition, women with a history of incarceration are more likely than men with a history of incarceration to be exposed to poor social and health circumstances. While both justice-involved men and women have an increased risk of death compared to their counterparts in the general population, justice-involved women experience a greater elevation in risk. Understanding and addressing the health and social needs of women leaving prison is critically important to address high rates of preventable mortality, and to design appropriate gender-sensitive transitional support.
This presentation will first briefly summarise the findings of a scoping review which reported on the health status of girls and young women in detention, published in the Lancet Public Health earlier this year. It will then summarise findings from a global systematic review and meta-analysis on the health of women involved in the criminal justice system, describing what is known about their physical health, mental health and health service use. Finally, this presentation will describe results from a novel prospective cohort study from Australia on differences between women and men in patterns, characteristics and predictors of ambulance and emergency department presentations, describing the implications of these findings in the context of a growing need for evidence-based and gender-sensitive transitional support planning.
HIA and the standard public health licensing control and supervision
Authors: Loosova J 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The methodology of health risk assessment (HRA) is embedded in Czech legislation; the process is clearly set, those doing HRA need to be licensed. Public health authorities (PHA) use HRA as a basis for assessing negative impacts of various activities, and are obliged to evaluate the quality of an HRA and, if in doubt, to examine it or directly call for the authorizing authority to revise it. HIA does not have this support in Czech legislation. HIA has the same potential for PHA as HRA, but its use is much broader, because it identifies positive effects as well. Is there a need for more legislation? It seems that yes, partly. Czechia at least needs a clear definition of the terms (HRA and HIA are used interchangeably). It is necessary to create a HIA assessment framework. What does HIA mean for public PHA? Identification of the health profile of a community, identification of missing data sources, current research of scientific literature on the given impact, identification of problems in the territory, prioritization of health impacts and their reflection in measures and health policies. It gives the opportunity to open the discussion with stakeholders and set up projects focusing on health. HIA opens the door for problem-solving, promoting positive impacts, protecting vulnerable groups and reducing distribution of inequalities in the population. Is it possible to use HIA without a national law? The Liberec Region has been using a unique way of implementing HIA into its regulations, which can be issued by the Regional Council in delegated powers. The reason for initiating this process was the absence of health assessment in regional policies. PHA requires an HIA and to evaluate the quality of the HIA, PHA uses a checklist. But the time has come for the next step of HIA implementation, to put it into urban planning. The first step has already been taken; we have prepared a project with GIS experts and urban planning.
Knowledge translation and health policy for burden of disease
Authors: Pallari E , Thomsen S T , Hilderink H B M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A key goal of most Burden of Disease (BoD) studies is to support public health policies. However, while the concepts of BoD and Disability Adjusted Life years have been introduced more than 25 years, BoD researchers are still struggling to find better ways to translate their findings and communicate them to the relevant decision makers and other stakeholders.
To address this gap, the burden-eu COST Action aims to generate better guidance of the use of BoD metrics in policy-making processes. In collaboration with experts in knowledge translation and risk communication, the Action will compile good practices in knowledge translation and develop a roadmap to integrate knowledge translation in national BOD studies. To support these objectives, collaborations have been established with knowledge translation experts from the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, the WHO Regional Office for Europe, and the European Public Health Association.
During an initial meeting of the “knowledge translation” working group, 29 participants identified elements in the pathway from evidence generation to practice that need to be addressed. Building on the outcomes of this meeting and the inputs from the knowledge translation experts, this presentation will introduce the knowledge translation framework, and address some of the challenges in identifying best routes to reach out to the public and policy-makers. Specific emphasis will be placed in profiling the context, actors and processes of each country within the policy triangle, and drawing on best and worst example case studies. Additionally, the process will be discussed to co-create a toolkit or guide for using BoD evidence in policy and practice. The session will conclude with an interaction with the audience to learn about the perceived barriers for implementing knowledge translation within the BoD framework.
Health, well-being and social relations in a changing neighbourhood
Authors: Lund R , Christensen U , Mathisen J , Srivarathan A , Molbo D , Kristiansen M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The main purpose of the study is to examine the development in health, wellbeing and social relations among middle-aged and older residents during a four-year period from 2018-2021 in a Danish multi-ethnic social housing area undergoing large structural changes in the built environment. In addition, to develop two interventions with a focus on ensuring social cohesion in the area during the study period.
This presentation will provide an overview of the study outline. The presentation will include a description of the study area, the political decisions that have led to the structural changes, the study population and a short overview of the aims and planned sub-studies. To prepare for the workshop discussion of the challenges, advantages and possibilities with the multi-methods approach this is followed by a short introduction to the different methods applied (a three-wave survey and qualitative data as well as two co-created interventions). The study is furthermore including a 'natural experiment' (N∼6.000) with a neighbouring non-profit social housing area not undergoing structural changes as the control area based on register data. The user-engagement in the design of study will be shortly described for example by their involvement in intervention development and by the involvement of citizen representatives and representatives from the Municipality and local non-governmental organizations in the design and execution of the study. Finally, the inclusion of graphical facilitation as a communication tool will be introduced.
The Diabetes and WELLbeing programme: protocol of a multi-site European complex intervention study
Authors: Hatzidimitriadou E , Manship S , Morris R , Hulbert S , Webster J , Belmas N , Best A , Averous V , Vanbosseghem R , Gijssel M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A quasi-experimental design evaluation study examines long-term impact of the 12-week DWELL programme, a self-management intervention for people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), based on adult learning and person-centred approaches, delivered in 5 community and hospital sites in 4 European countries. Overall target is 780 people with T2D. Staff are trained in motivational interviewing, group facilitation, diabetes education, and programme approach which consists of core and 'pick and mix' sessions on diabetes education, physical activity, healthy eating and wellbeing. Pre-post measures are taken at baseline (T0), end-of-programme (T1), at 6 months (T2) and 12 months (T3). There is a non-equivalent control group of 190 at T2/T3. Biomedical data are collected by staff and psychosocial data are collected via self-completed validated scales. Metabolic measures include: HbA1c, BMI and waist circumference. Demographics capture: age, gender, ethnicity, household composition, education, employment, income. Psychosocial data are collected on illness perception, patient empowerment, eating behaviours, physical activity, physical/mental health status, health-related quality of life (EQ-5D), use of diabetes-related health services and self-care activities. Participant experiences are recorded via motivational interviews at T0 and T1 and focus groups at T1. Process evaluation data are collected via interviews with staff and patient ambassadors. The DWELL programme started in 2018 and results will be available in 2021.
The study will produce rich data on long-term impact of intervention to allow replication and further development. It will permit cross-border conclusions on sustainability and embeddedness of model in varied service settings, and empowerment-based public health approach to T2D self-management.
GAP REDUCE. A research and development project to promote quality of urban life of adult people with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Congiu T , Lubrano F , Talu V , Tola G 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background
Sensory peculiarities of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) significantly affect their lives, making the relationship with the environment difficult to face. Many authors, referring to the urban environment, report that rather more stimuli required to be processed and orientation and navigation are challenging skills at different scales. The growing incidence and prevalence of the disorder and the need to guarantee during adulthood the actual opportunity to exercise the level of autonomy achieved during youth, emphasize the necessity to 'broaden' the research perspective by investigating also how the shape and the organization of the urban environment affect the quality of life of this group of inhabitants. GAP REDUCE is a R&D project aiming at developing a tool to provide support to adult and high-functioning people with ASD to plan, easily and in advance, an urban itinerary towards daily destinations. After the development of a cognitive framework on the relationship between built environment and autism, a survey involving different experts has been conducted to identify the relevant urban spatial features to calculate the most suitable path (in terms of sensory stimuli, accessibility and orientation). A neighbourhood in Sassari (Italy) was selected as pilot study area to test the tool.

Results
The identified urban features were classified into positive and negative points of interest, acting as spatial facilitators or obstacles respectively, and evaluated on the basis on a set of indicators according to their impact on the possibility for the user to reach the selected destination.

Conclusions
GAP REDUCE is an innovative tool that leverages on spatial facilitator to make the urban environment more accessible, inclusive and healthy to people with ASD. Indeed, this principle and tool can be also applied to other groups of inhabitants (elderly, people with dementia, people with other sensory disabilities).
Health benefits of Mediterranean and non-Mediterranean dietary pattern in different cultural contexts
Authors: Iacoviello L , Bonaccio M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Description of the problem
The increasing globalization of diet and dietary habits resulting from the large availability and diversity of food poses new questions for the actual health benefits of different dietary patterns in populations not traditionally exposed to a certain dietary model. Consuming a traditional Mediterranean diet (MD) has been found to be associated with lower mortality/disease risk also in non-Mediterranean populations but it is unclear whether healthful non-Mediterranean (non-MD) diets may reflect protective dietary patterns in Mediterranean populations.

Results
Data from the Moli-sani Study showed that participants reporting high adherence to the MD or the DASH diet experienced lower risk of both all-cause and CVD death risks. On the other side, risk reduction associated with the Palaeolithic diet was limited to total and other cause death, whereas the Nordic diet did not alter risk of mortality. Increasing adherence to MD was also associated with higher survival in each stratum of non-MD diets, suggesting that a closer high adherence to a traditional MD may counterbalance the weak effects on CVD mortality risk associated with non-MD diets. Similarly, data form the Swedish Mammography Cohort indicated an advantage to be adherent to the MD as compared to a healthy Nordic diet.

Conclusions
From a public health perspective, these data provide further incentive and support to the efforts aimed to preserving a traditional MD in order to prolong survival among Mediterranean populations, and to reduce CVD mortality risk. Evidence on the health effects deriving from classifying participants in joint exposure strata reflecting the combined adherence to different diets is scarce but more efforts should be made to see whether, at a time of food globalization, healthy dietary patterns are possibly interchangeable among populations.
Review of pandemic plans, varying international approaches focusing on medical students’ contribution
Authors: Fundano N , Khan H , Holm S , Ghazal Asswad A , Petráková A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
A review of pandemic plans and international approaches to pandemics focusing on the responsibilities of medical students should they be called to help in times of need. Are there specific guidelines or competencies in place with respect to medical students? Are medical students being utilised to their maximal capability when compared across different nations on an international basis? These questions were kept in mind during the evaluation and analysis of publicly available pandemic plans and other international systems concerning the approach to pandemics. The main differences, strengths and weaknesses of these responses will be highlighted. The presentation will conclude with proposals of the specific role medical students could play in the pandemic response and the importance of their contribution on an international level.
Panel discussion
Authors: Petráková A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Panel discussions
Panellists will discuss the topics mentioned during the presentations, adding their opinions and further elucidating steps which can be undertaken for future progression. Audience participation will be welcomed. The panellists include: A. Petrakova, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, Chair ASPHER V4 Working GroupM. Raška, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Palacký University Olomouc, representative of AMSER. Otok, ASPHER, Co-chair of the ASPHER V4 Working GroupV. Prikazsky, National Institute of Public Health, Czech RepublicZ. Katreniakova, PJ Safarik University in Kosice, Faculty of Medicine & SAVEZ / Slovak Public Health Association
4.D. Workshop: Health Impact assessment of chemical exposure: state of the art and challenges
Authors:   Organised by: EUPHA Health impact assessment section, EC JRC, ibs.GRANADA (Spain), EASP (Spain),   Chair persons: Piedad Martin-Olmedo - Spain, Stephanie Bopp - Italy
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Humans worldwide are exposed to a wide range of chemicals through their diets, consumer products and the environment, often changing in concentrations, combinations and over time. Health impact assessment (HIA) for exposure to chemicals is poorly defined and its contribution to the global burden of disease is difficult to quantify and certainly underestimated. The importance of taking actions for reducing deaths and illness associated to hazardous chemicals is reflected in the UN Sustainable Development Goals target 3.9, as well as in the 7th European Environment Action Programme or in the European Green Deal (Communication of the European Commission, COM (2019) 640 final).
Recent discussions suggest that current EU Legislation, while contributing to reducing the overall risks of chemicals in the environment, is protecting mainly against highly toxic chemicals in the workplace. However, the assessment of potential health impacts over the general population is limited by uncertainties related to data collection, health indicators and confounding factors. Concerns have also been reported regarding the increased introduction in the market and the environment of new substances with unknown properties as well as referring to the chronic, low-level exposure to chemical mixtures, which are considered to be poorly characterised and yet to be systematically addressed. Notably, in recent years the European Commission (EC), acknowledging that the assessment and management of mixtures is only partly covered by current legislation, has identified several gaps and areas for action.
With regard to carcinogens, the proportion of non-genotoxic carcinogens in the environment is expected to increase, since industrial chemists are designing compounds without overly reactive moieties. In addition, the manufacture and use of novel types of substances including nanomaterials, new generation pesticides and pharmaceuticals (e.g. biologicals, cell and gene therapies) are expected to increase. This raises new challenges for the assessment and risk management of the carcinogenicity impacts of chemicals.
The present workshop intends to provide an overview of the different initiatives conducted in Europe at different scales (European, national and regional), to address such defies related to the HIA of chemicals. Specifically, we will debate about existing data sets for characterising both human exposure and health effects related to chemicals, new approaches and guidance for the assessment of exposure to mixtures, and the carcinogenicity impacts as well as how all that is being translated to policy actions.

Key messages
Increasing global trend of human exposure to chemicals demands holistic approach for action. Several research/policy initiatives for improving HIA-chemicals are ongoing, with expected strong impacts.
Testing the Mig-HealthCare Algorithm in Greece
Authors: Riza E , Karnaki P , Zota D , Linos A 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The Mig-HealthCare Algorithm is a tool, comprising a set of questions developed with the aim to (a) guide the user on how to access all the categories and tools that are available through the Roadmap & Toolbox (b) help the user identify the health issues of importance when providing care to a specific migrant/refugee. At the end of a series of questions, a brief report summarizing the main outcomes is generated. The algorithm was tested in Greece in two mainland reception centres and a local hospital in an area serving migrants/refugees. Results discuss the usefulness of the algorithm for improving the delivery of appropriate health services to migrants/refugees and its importance in raising awareness about the health conditions which are crucial for migrants/refugees and are expected to pose a significant burden on the health care systems of host countries unless dealt with adequately at an early stage.
Burden of cancer and human exposure to chemicals
Authors: Carvalho R , Randi G , Martos C , Dyba T , Giusti F , Nicholson N , Neamtiu L , Dimitrova N , Bettio M 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Cancer has important impacts on the EU's health systems and economies, with around 3 million new patients diagnosed each year. However, up to 40% of cancers are attributed to preventable causes. For these reasons, cancer is one of the main priorities of the EC in the health domain.
The new Europe's Beating Cancer Plan of the EC, to be launched at the end of 2020, aims to support EU Member States to improve cancer control and care, by proposing actions at every key stage of the disease: prevention (lifestyle, pollution, vaccination), diagnosis, treatment and survivorship. Reliable cancer statistics are essential to propel both epidemiological research and political decision making, and provide the supporting evidence to allow assessment of best practices in all those key stages. To this purpose, the European Cancer Information System (ECIS), built on European population-based cancer registries' data, provides the latest information on indicators that quantify the burden of cancer in Europe. It permits the exploration of geographical patterns and temporal trends of incidence, mortality and survival by granting access to harmonised and validated cancer incidence data.
Population-based cancer registries have been essential in many of the epidemiological studies that led to the identification of several carcinogens in the work place as well as those linked to certain lifestyle habits such as tobacco and alcohol consumption. However, In conditions of low exposure, the identification of cancer hazards has remained largely inconclusive, due to the unavailability of sufficient exposure data and appropriate models that can account for multiple exposures over extended periods.
The linkage between cancer registries data and administrative databases, biobanks, environmental data and extensive lifestyle questionnaires could help identifying or consolidate the available information on emerging carcinogens and populations at risk, thus allowing the development of preventable measures.
Data for characterizing human exposure to chemicals and their contribution to human diseases: IPCHEM, HBM4EU
Authors: Bopp S , Martin-Olmedo P 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Human exposure to chemicals can occur via different sources and routes. Understanding the (combined) exposure to chemicals is often hampered by a lack of data or difficulties in sharing data. This was recognized in the Commission Communication on Chemical Mixtures (252, 2012) and the Information Platform on Chemical Monitoring (IPCHEM) was developed. The aim of IPCHEM is to support a coordinated approach for collecting, storing, sharing and assessing data on the occurrence of chemicals and chemical mixtures in humans and the environment. IPCHEM covers four thematic areas to support a holistic approach to exposure assessment, including human biomonitoring, environmental monitoring, food and feed monitoring and indoor air and consumer products. The shared occurrence data support exposure assessment, the identification of sources and hot spots, the analysis of time trends and can also support the evaluation of the impact of regulatory measures to restrict exposure to specific chemicals. In particular, human biomonitoring data can provide insights into internal combined exposure, integrating across different exposure sources and routes. The ongoing EU funded project HBM4EU generates and uses human biomonitoring to assess human exposure to chemicals in Europe, to better understand the associated health impacts and to improve chemical risk assessment. Associations between chemical exposures and development of disease can be further supported using toxicological/mechanistic information to establish causal links. The presentation will focus on relevant types and sources of data available to support health impact assessments of chemical exposure.