bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Replacement in a Plane Geared Linkage of High Kinematic Pairs with Lower Pairs
Authors: Krylov E. G. , Valiev R. F. 
Published: November 2020

Анализ связей в плоских механизмах является актуальной проблемой машиностроения. Несмотря на то, что классификация кинематических пар известна, проблематика сопряжения звеньев лежит в основе анализа и синтеза механизмов и машин, представляет значительный теоретический и прикладной интерес и продолжает привлекать ученых.Одной из задач, которые решаются в процессе анализа и синтеза механизмов, является замена высших кинематических пар низшими. Как правило, такая замена производится в целях выделения кинематических цепей нулевой подвижности, структурных групп Ассура. Однако замена может также быть актуальной для кинематического анализа цепей с высшими кинематическими парами в силу определенных вычислительных трудностей, связанных относительными скольжениями звеньев, и нерегулярностью формы соприкасающих­ся поверхностей. При актуальности этой замены ее использование для получения кинематических и передаточных функций затруднено в силу ситуативности замены, неизоморфности эквивалентного механизма. В то же время для ряда механизмов смешанного типа, к которым относятся зубчато-рычажные механизмы, эквивалентная замена позволила бы унифицировать методы кинематического анализа.Предложена технология замены высших кинематических пар звеньями с низшими парами, основанная на свойствах эвольвенты окружности. Доказана структурная и кинематическая эквивалентность такой замены для случая плоского зубчато-рычажного механизма. Показано, что изоморфность эквивалентного рычажного механизма позволит расширить возможности кинематического анализа, использовать кинематические функции, а также применять методы, основанные на рассмотрении мгновенных относительных вращений звеньев, в частности теорему Аронгольда – Кеннеди. Еще одним применением метода замены, который представлен в статье, будет расширение возможностей по выявлению контурных избыточных связей в механизме.
The effect of thin lenticule versus thick lenticule (a cut-off value of 55 micrometer) on the outcome of SMILE in low myopia
Authors: Shukur Zaid Yousif  Hameed 
Published: November 2020

Objectives: In the current study, the aim was to evaluate the effect difference in lenticule thickness SMILE cases (â‰¤ 55 Âµm versus > 55 Âµm) on the visual outcome in a cohort of 61 patients with low myopia (â‰¤3.0 diopters)
Methods: The current prospective cohort study included 61 patients undergoing SMILE refractive procedure during the period extending from November the 14th 2019 through June the 14th 2020, a total of 99 eyes. The study was conducted in Ibsar ophthalmology surgery centre "private medical centre" in the wholly Najaf city, mid-Euphrates region of Iraq. The cases enrolled in the study were all operated on by the same ophthalmologist. According to lenticule thickness, eyes were classified into two groups, (â‰¤ 55 Âµm versus > 55 Âµm). The main outcome variable was visual acuity postoperative within two short period of time, one week and 3 months.
Results: Comparison of visual acuity between patients with lenticule thickness of â‰¤ 55 Âµm and patients with lenticule thickness of > 55 Âµm was shown in table 6. There was no significant difference in UCVA (uncorrected visual acuity) (P = 1.000), significant difference in BCVA (best corrected visual acuity) (better with lenticule thickness of â‰¤ 55 Âµm) (P = 0.037), no significant difference in VAAS (visual acuity after surgery) (P = 0.065) and no significant difference in VA3M (visual acuity 3 months after surgery) (P = 0.599).
Conclusion: Thin lenticule of less than or equal 55 micrometer to as low as 41 micrometer can be chosen for SMILE with efficacy and safety comparable to that of thicker lenticule provided that the operation is done by well trained and skilled refractive surgeon.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA SHOOTING BOLABASKET UNTUK SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA
Authors: Tanjung Imamul Wahid , Aufan Rifqi 
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media alat bantu pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam pembelajaran shooting bolabasket di tingkat sekolah menengah pertama. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) yang bertujuan menghasilkan produk berupa media pembelajaran target ring untuk mata pelajaran penjasorkes yang mempelajari materi shooting dalam permainan bolabasket. Pada penelitian ini, data mengenai kualitas produk pembelajaran target ring yang dihasilkan diperoleh dengan bantuan angket penelitian yang terdiri dari dua aspek, yaitu aspek kualitas media dan aspek kualitas materi. Agar diperoleh media pembelajaran target ring yang berkualitas tinggi, maka dalam proses pembuatannya dilakukan beberapa tahapan, diantaranya yaitu uji validasi kualitas alat oleh ahli alat, uji validasi kualitas materi oleh ahli materi, uji coba dengan siswa satu lawan satu, uji coba dengan siswa kelompok kecil, uji coba dengan siswa kelompok besar. Hasil penelitian ini sebuah produk alat pembelajaran target ring dengan kualitas yang “baik”. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan diperolehnya hasil uji coba produk oleh subjek dengan rerata skor 53% yang termasuk dalam, sedangkan hasil validasi ahli dengan rerata skor 53,33% yang termasuk dalam ketegori “cukup baik”, dan diperolehnya hasil uji coba pemakaian oleh subjek dengan rerata skor 81,67%, sedangkan hasil validasi ahli dengan rerata skor 85,33% yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik.
Word Order in Job Interviews: The Malaysian Perspective
Authors: Ramalingam Selvajothi , Krishnan Isai Amutan , Suppiah Puspalata C , Maruthai Elanttamil 
Published: November 2020

The present study was conducted to analyse the use of word order in job interviews. The data was collected from participants in an organisation in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Ten candidates of different races between the ages of 23 and 25 participated in the study. Radford’s syntactic theory of word order was employed to qualitatively analyse the data. It was found that positive sentences were predominantly used by the selected (n = 10; 47.4%) compared to the not selected (n = 10; 44.0%) and keep in view (KIV) (n = 23; 39.0%) job candidates. The findings further revealed that the types of word order used in utterances by the selected candidates were different compared to those who were not chosen for interviews. Selected candidates used more negative sentences, subordinate clauses, and time expression in sentences, whereas those who were not selected utilised adverbs of manner in negative sentences, subordinate clauses, and time expression in sentences, while the not selected candidates only used the position of adverbs. On the other hand, the KIV candidates used positive sentences, subordinate clauses and word order in questions in their utterances. The study can provide important contributions to knowledge on the use of English when developing employment course modules emphasising word order as an essential element in portraying good English language proficiency in job interviews.
Keywords: Malaysia, fresh graduates, job interview, word order
The Relationship Between Teaching Styles of English Instructors and Learning Styles of English Prep Class Students at a Turkish State University
Authors: DURMUS ABDULKADIR , GÜVEN Meral 
Published: November 2020

It is necessary to be aware of both teaching and learning styles and employing them in teaching and learning processes and as the two important stakeholders of this process, both learners and teachers are expected to benefit from each other at maximum level especially in terms of considering the needs of learners. This study aims to find out if there is a relationship between teaching styles of instructors working at Anadolu University School of Foreign Languages (AUSFL) and learning styles of students studying at English prep class. Data of the study were collected through Grasha-Reichmann Teaching and Learning Style Scales which Sarıtaş & Süral (2010) adapted to Turkish. SPSS package program was used in the descriptive analyses of the study and Pearson’s moment correlation coefficients in correlation calculations. Significant relationships between formal authority teaching style and avoidant learning style, and between personal model teaching style and competitive learning style were found in the study. As for the other teaching and learning styles, although there wasn’t any significant relationship among each other, considering the average values, it can be said that there was a linear relationship among them which led to consider that a partial relationship existed.
Determination of carotenoids in flowers and food supplements by HPLC-DAD
Authors: Pavelková Petra , Krmela Aleš , Schulzová Věra 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Marigold flowers (Tagetes patula and Calendula officinalis) were chosen for analysis because they are the most often used source of lutein and its isomer zeaxanthin for the production of food supplements on the Czech market. Direct extraction and extraction with alkaline hydrolysis were compared to detect free or bound carotenoids. For carotenoid separation, C18 and C30 columns were used. A new method for determination of carotenoid content in food supplements in form of capsules has been developed and validated. All matrices were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). It has been found that alkaline hydrolysis is required for both Marigold flowers and food supplements to release lutein from ester bonds to fatty acids. In Calendula officinalis lutein in the concentration of 807—1472 mg·kg−1 of dry matter was detected. Tagetes patula has been identified as a better lutein source with the content of 5906—8677 mg·kg−1 of dry matter. It has been found that the content of lutein and zeaxanthin in commercial food supplements (Lutein Complex Premium and Occutein Brillant) is consistent with the declared quantity. Linearity of the HPLC-DAD method ranged from 0.1—20 μg·mL−1 with the limit of quantification (LOQ) of 1.7 mg·kg−1 for lutein in Marigold flowers and 200 mg·kg−1 in food supplements. Repeatability was 2.3 % for lutein in all tested matrices.
RhPDGF – Basic Characteristics and Potential Application in the Oral Surgery – An Overview
Authors: Mihaylova Z. , Ugrinov R. , Aleksiev E. , Stanimirov P. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Growth factors (GFs) are bioactive molecules participating in organ development, tissue regeneration and repair. They are protein molecules with a relatively low molecular weight and are released by activated platelets. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is one of the GFs of highest amount in human platelets. It is known to stimulate cell proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis, as well as angiogenesis in healthy tissues and neoplasms. However, most of the studies in the literature demonstrate the influence of PDGF on tissue regeneration without revealing its intimate mechanisms of action on different cell types. In the current review we emphasis on the effects of PDGF in order to stimulate various biological processes in wide number of pre-clinical and clinical studies.
Mapping Regional Economic Activity Using DMSP/OLS Nighttime Light Data
Authors: Xiao Wenwen , Xiong Lei , Wang Lili 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper extends the use of network theory to the study of region network modeling between China and five central Asian countries (Kazakhstan, Kirghiz Tanzania, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan) using the DMSP/OLS nighttime light data. In this paper, first, regional scale index and region interaction index are designed and calculated. Then based on these indices, the 0–1 region incidence matrix is obtained and the region network is constructed. Furthermore, the regional economic activity is identified by using the region network. This study deepens the application of complex network in the field of regional cooperation.
Texture and rheological evaluation of aerated confectionery
Authors: Pădureţ Sergiu , Zimbru Raluca-Olimpia , Amariei Sonia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Confectionery industry represents a field that uses a large number of ingredients and techniques to develop unique sweet products. To produce aerated confectionery samples two different procedures were used to incorporate the ingredients in the beating vegetable or dairy cream. The objective of this research was to determine the texture parameters and the viscoelastic properties of aerated confections using compression stress-relaxation test and applying a modified Maxwell model. The highest fat content was presented by dairy cream aerated samples (20.04-20.25%), while the samples based on vegetable cream displayed a lower fat content. By applying the modified Maxwell mechanical model to the relaxation curves the equilibrium stress, σe, relaxation time, λrel, viscosity, η, and modulus of elasticity, G0, were determined. The aerated samples’ viscosity was greater than 137.96 kPa·s and less than 451.793 kPa·s; furthermore, Pearson correlation showed that density influences positively this rheological parameter (r = 0.955*). Fixing air into the product structure causes a decrease in density (0.388-0.788 g/cm3), leading to a lower equilibrium stress, a lower elasticity modulus and also a decrease of viscosity and relaxation time.
Spectrophotometric indicators of the stability of anthocyanin-containing extracts depending on the color of plant materials
Authors: Koldaev Vladimir Mikhailovich , Manyakhin Artem Yurevich , Zorikov Petr Semenovich 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper aims at spectrophotometric determination of changes in stability of extractable anthocyanins during drying of plant materials depending on their color. Raw and dried colored parts of 50 plant species from 25 families were used for the study. The extracts were prepared over 95% ethanol acidified with hydrochloric acid (pH ~ 1). The absorption spectra were registered within the range of 210 to 680 nm. The extinction variability factor, coefficient of intensity absorption relative and generalized stability factor were used to determine the anthocyanin degradation. The highest values of the stability factor were obtained for the extracts from fruit shells of burgundy or violet color within the range of 0.934±0.024 to 0.973±0.024, while the extracts from flower petals of the same care featured the stability factor that was 1.19 to 1.44 times less. The values of the stability factor of the extracts from black, red and blue materials are 1.15 to 1.19 times, 1.74 to 2.48 times and 4.65 to 4.84 times less respectively than those of the extracts from violet-burgundy materials. It is appropriate to apply the spectrophotometric factors of anthocyanins stability used in this study to selection of promising plants for industrial cultivation as material of anthocyanin-containing herbal preparations. The most stable anthocyanins are those of burgundy-purple and black fruits.
Chemometric analysis of drinking water quality parameters of Sagar city, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Pathak Hemant 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe present study uses numerous chemometric techniques to evaluate and interpret a water quality data obtained from the drinking water resources namely municipal water (supplied by Rajghat dam on Bewas River), bore well, ground water of Sagar city, a divisional headquarter of Madhya Pradesh, India. Data was collected from May 2018 to June 2019 for 10 parameters used to assess the status of the water quality. Water quality was monitored at 15 sampling stations along the entire district. The data were analyzed using chemometric analysis such as principal component analysis, correlation matrix, multivariate linear regression analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis that reduced the data dimensions for better interpretation. Results of statistical analysis expressed that slightly higher value of BOD in some areas due to sewage contamination, need of chlorination treatment required at those places. This study also presents the value of diverse statistical methods for assessment and analysis of drinking water quality data for the reason of monitoring the effectiveness of water resource management. The study indicated that the maximum quality parameters of drinking water is in permissible limits of WHO and IS: 10500 guidelines on entire study places.
Influence of Construction Firm Size on the Level of Adoption of Sustainability Practices in Niger Delta, Nigeria
Authors: Otali Monday , Oladokun Michael G. , Anih Paul 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The need to address the problems facing the natural environment and social economic development cannot be overemphasised. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of firm size on the level of implementation of sustainability practices in Niger Delta, Nigeria. Survey design approach was used in the study. Data were obtained through interviews and one thousand one hundred and seventy-nine copies of structured questionnaire administered to representatives of the firms by researchers and research assistants. The methods of data analysis were simple percentage and Spearman’s rank correlation. The result showed that small firms accounted for 84.7 %, medium-sized firms accounted for 11.61 % and large construction firms accounted for 3.73 %. Thus, a majority of firms are small and medium-sized construction companies in Niger Delta. The study revealed that the firm size influenced the level of implementation of firm sustainability practices in the study area. It was concluded that the size of firms had a significant influence on the level of adoption of sustainability practices among the construction firms operating in Niger Delta. It was also concluded that small and medium-sized construction firms recorded poor capacity building and human capital development. The study recommended that small and medium-sized construction firms operating in Niger Delta should improve their level of capacity building and human capital development.
Study Regarding the Cyber Threats to the National Security
Authors: Bobric George-Daniel 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The virtual world became the ubiquitous background for daily interactions between individuals. The egregious interconnection of the last-generations devices is, in these latter days, an uncontestable reality. Despite the benefits provided by the interconnected world, there are unruly individuals, with a random savvy in the cyber domain, that furtively use it as their own asset. These actions are not performed wantonly, but having different substrates, from financial to political ones but, regardless the scope or the motive behind the illintentioned actions, cyber-attacks often lead to cascade effects to individuals, in particular, and organizations or even states, generally. Starting from this idea, in this paper is being assayed the way in which the cyber-attacks can be regarded as a major threat to the Romania’s national security.
Considerations Regarding Financial Risk Management in Order to Maximize Earnings During the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Ilie Florin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This paper addresses a very topical issue, given by the world of financial investments and especially by the period of great uncertainty that we are going through. It is rightly said that it is the simplest and most enjoyable thing to be an investor when the market grow/hikes/rises. Differences between investors occur when feelings of fear and panic become widespread and flood the stock markets. Are we now in a period of sharp declines in the world’s financial markets or is it just a correction? Experimenting with new asset classes, identifying the huge opportunities that the market has to offer, the correct management of risks and possible earnings are some of the most important aspects in the context of getting the highest possible earnings. This paper focuses on risk management in order to maximize earnings during a large-scale crisis, such as the current global situation generated by coronavirus or how you can add value to the investor spirit in your portfolio.
Spectral sequences for commutative Lie algebras
Authors: Wagemann Friedrich 
Published: November 2020

AbstractWe construct some spectral sequences as tools for computing commutative cohomology of commutative Lie algebras in characteristic 2. In a first part, we focus on a Hochschild-Serre-type spectral sequence, while in a second part we obtain spectral sequences which compare Chevalley--Eilenberg-, commutative- and Leibniz cohomology. These methods are illustrated by a few computations.
Transaction design standards for the operationalisation of fairness and empowerment in proactive contracting
Authors: Solarte-Vasquez Maria Claudia , Hietanen-Kunwald Petra 
Published: November 2020

Summary
Fairness and empowerment are aspirational concepts in law. The scientific and professional legal community has not convened on their substance and the ways they can be achieved. Therefore, there is an inherent risk that the values they entail become lip services that lack determination and reliability. This section addresses the problem revisiting and expanding the Taxonomy of Legal Usability and User Experience Factors, one of the first attempts to synthetize parametric standards for transaction design. The paper adds factors and criteria that operationalise procedural legitimacy principles for transacting that increase the proactive capacities of contracting activities to prevent and/or resolve disputes. It speaks of transactions as the smallest constitutive units of all exchange relations that allow upgrades, assuming that planning, negotiating and managing contracts, as well as other legally relevant products, services, interactions, processes and systems, will benefit from an integrated epistemological perspective and its institutionalization.
Types of cultural property and their protection under International Criminal Law
Authors: Ryška Ivan 
Published: November 2020

Summary
In this article we analyze the forms of protection of distinct types of cultural heritage under International Criminal Law. Initially, we introduce the concept of categorization of cultural heritage into types, and review its historical development. The main focus is on the present day approach to the protection based on human rights, which builds heavily on the link between a certain type of cultural heritage and a community or individual. Later, we examine the possible ways to prosecute attacks against cultural heritage under International Criminal Law. Our analysis demonstrates, that the attacks against cultural heritage may, under various circumstances, fall under the category of war crimes, crimes against humanity, or genocide. We support our conclusions by jurisprudence arguments from case law treating the prosecution of destruction of cultural heritage under International Criminal Law.
A Misleading Case of Hepatic Echinococcosis
Authors: Manea Laura-Maria , Jichitu Alexandra , Pînzariu Vlad , Iuliana Nicoleta Mihaela Sprîncenatu Irina , Hanu  , Anton Mariana , Bordea Adrian , Sălcianu Iulia 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Hydatid disease is a zoonotic disease endemic in Eastern Europe, being highly prevalent in Romania. There are some links between echinococcosis and cancer, but the true nature of the relationship between these diseases remains to be established. We present the case of a 49-year-old male with hepatic echinococcosis and concomitant hepatic metastases of a previously undiagnosed pancreatic cancer.