bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delivery of platelet TPM3 mRNA into breast cancer cells via microvesicles enhances metastasis
Authors: Yao Bing , Qu Shuang , Hu Ruifeng , Gao Wen , Jin Shidai , Ju Junyi , Zhao Quan 
Published: November 2019

Platelets are implicated in the pathophysiology of breast and other cancers through their role in exchanging biomolecules with tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment. Such exchange results in tumor‐educated platelets with altered RNA expression profiles. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that platelet RNA profiles may be suitable as diagnostic biomarkers for cancer‐related biological processes. In this study, we characterized the gene expression signatures of platelets in breast cancer (BC) by high‐throughput sequencing and quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR. Our results indicate that the expression of TPM3 (tropomyosin 3) mRNA is significantly elevated in platelets from patients with BC compared with age‐matched healthy control subjects. Furthermore, up‐regulation of TPM3 mRNA in platelets was found to be significantly correlated with metastasis in patients with BC. Finally, we report that platelet TPM3 mRNA is delivered into BC cells through microvesicles and leads to enhanced migrative phenotype of BC cells. In summary, our findings suggest that the transfer of platelet TPM3 mRNA into cancer cells via microvesicles promotes cancer cell migration, and thus platelet‐derived TPM3 mRNA may be a suitable biomarker for early diagnosis of metastatic BC.
Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Rheumatoid Arthritis Compared to Diabetes Mellitus and Association With All‐Cause Mortality
Authors: Liao Katherine P. , Huang Jie , He Zeling , Cremone Gabrielle , Lam Ethan , Hainer Jon M. , Morgan Victoria , Bibbo Courtney , Di Carli Marcelo 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveCoronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a predictor of cardiac death in diabetes mellitus (DM) independent of traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory condition, with excess CV risk compared to the general population, in which CMD is hypothesized to play a role; however, there are limited data on CMD in RA and any association with clinical outcomes. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of CMD in RA to that in DM and to test the association with all‐cause mortality.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study using data from a registry of all patients undergoing stress myocardial perfusion positron emission tomography as part of routine clinical care from 2006 to 2017. The inclusion criterion was a normal perfusion scan. Patients with RA or DM were classified using previously published approaches. Coronary flow reserve (CFR) was calculated for all patients in the registry and linked with mortality data. CMD was defined as CFR <2.0.ResultsWe studied 73 patients with RA and 441 patients with DM. Among patients with a normal perfusion scan, the prevalence of CMD in RA was similar to that in DM (P = 0.2). CMD was associated with increased risk for all‐cause mortality in RA (hazard ratio 2.4 [95% confidence interval 1.4–4.2]) as well as increased risk for cardiac‐related death at rates similar to those in DM.ConclusionThese findings suggest an important role for CMD as a potential contributor to excess CV risk and mortality in RA, as previously observed in DM, as well as evidence for a mechanistic link between inflammation and cardiovascular disease.
Biomimetic Elastomeric Bioactive Siloxane‐Based Hybrid Nanofibrous Scaffolds with miRNA Activation: A Joint Physico‐Chemical‐Biological Strategy for Promoting Bone Regeneration
Authors: Yu Meng , Du Yuzhang , Han Yong , Lei Bo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractRapid and efficient disease‐induced or critical‐size bone regeneration remains a challenge in tissue engineering due to the lack of highly bioactive biomaterial scaffolds. Physical structures such as nanostructures, chemical components such as silicon elements, and biological factors such as genes have shown positive effects on bone regeneration. Herein, a bioactive photoluminescent elastomeric silicate‐based nanofibrous scaffold with sustained miRNA release is reported for promoting bone regeneration based on a joint physico‐chemical‐biological strategy. Bioactive nanofibrous scaffolds are fabricated by cospinning poly (ε‐caprolactone) (PCL), elastomeric poly (citrates‐siloxane) (PCS), and bioactive osteogenic miRNA nanocomplexes (denoted PPM nanofibrous scaffolds). The PPM scaffolds possess uniform nanostructures, significantly enhanced tensile stress (≈15 MPa) and modulus (≈32 MPa), improved hydrophilicity (30–60°), controlled biodegradation, and strong blue fluorescence. Bioactive miRNA complexes are efficiently loaded into the nanofibrous matrix and exhibit long‐term release for up to 70 h. The PPM scaffolds significantly promote the adhesion, proliferation, and osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow stem cells in vitro and enhanced rat cranial defect restoration (12 weeks) in vivo. This work reports an attractive joint physico‐chemical‐biological strategy for the design of novel cell/protein‐free bioactive scaffolds for synergistic tissue regeneration.
Amidation, Esterification, and Thioesterification of a Carboxyl‐Functionalized Covalent Organic Framework
Authors: Guo Lei , Jia Shang , Diercks Christian S. , Yang Xuejing , Alshmimri Sultan A. , Yaghi Omar M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThree new post‐synthetic modification reactions, namely amidation, esterification, and thioesterification, were demonstrated on a novel highly crystalline two‐dimensional covalent organic framework (COF), COF‐616, bearing pre‐installed carboxyl groups. The strategy can be used to introduce a large variety of functional groups into COFs and the modifications can be carried out under mild reaction conditions, with high yields, and an easy work‐up protocol. As a proof of concept, various chelating functionalities were successfully incorporated into COF‐616 to yield a family of adsorbents for efficient removal of several contaminants in the water.
Simultaneous Detection of Multiple Pathogenic Targets with Stem‐Tagged Primer Sets
Authors: Kim Yong‐Tae , Moon Junhye , Hong In Seok 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSimultaneous multiple gene detection is indispensable for the detection of various genes in a small sample obtained by an invasive method. A typical detection method is probe‐based fluorescence melting curve analysis by means of real‐time PCR. It is very limited because, for each target, a probe sequence with at least a different Tm must be designed. To overcome this limitation, we developed a simultaneous multiple gene detection method based on a giant amplicon molecular beacon. PCR was performed by attaching stem sequences with different Tm values to each primer set, and the melting Tm was measured by hybridizing the stem sequences at both ends of the amplified amplicon; this generated well‐separated Tm signals. The important point here is that the stem sequence that produces the Tm signal is an arbitrarily selectable sequence unrelated to the target gene. Because it is arbitrarily selectable, the desired Tm can be freely adjusted. As a result, we succeeded in the simultaneous detection of four samples with the use of only one fluorophore. Theoretically, a combination of five fluorophores could detect more than 20 multiple genes simultaneously.
Rapid Biophysical Characterization and NMR Spectroscopy Structural Analysis of Small Proteins from Bacteria and Archaea
Authors: Kubatova Nina , Pyper Dennis J. , Jonker Hendrik R. A. , Saxena Krishna , Remmel Laura , Richter Christian , Brantl Sabine , Evguenieva‐Hackenberg Elena , Hess Wolfgang R. , Klug Gabriele , Marchfelder Anita , Soppa Jörg , Streit Wolfgang , Mayzel Maxim , Orekhov Vladislav Y. , Fuxreiter Monika , Schmitz Ruth A. , Schwalbe Harald 
Published: November 2019

AbstractProteins encoded by small open reading frames (sORFs) have a widespread occurrence in diverse microorganisms and can be of high functional importance. However, due to annotation biases and their technically challenging direct detection, these small proteins have been overlooked for a long time and were only recently rediscovered. The currently rapidly growing number of such proteins requires efficient methods to investigate their structure–function relationship. Herein, a method is presented for fast determination of the conformational properties of small proteins. Their small size makes them perfectly amenable for solution‐state NMR spectroscopy. NMR spectroscopy can provide detailed information about their conformational states (folded, partially folded, and unstructured). In the context of the priority program on small proteins funded by the German research foundation (SPP2002), 27 small proteins from 9 different bacterial and archaeal organisms have been investigated. It is found that most of these small proteins are unstructured or partially folded. Bioinformatics tools predict that some of these unstructured proteins can potentially fold upon complex formation. A protocol for fast NMR spectroscopy structure elucidation is described for the small proteins that adopt a persistently folded structure by implementation of new NMR technologies, including automated resonance assignment and nonuniform sampling in combination with targeted acquisition.
Balloon expandable covered stents as primary therapy for hemodynamically stable traumatic aortic injuries in children
Authors: Hiremath Gurumurthy , Morgan Gareth , Kenny Damien , Batlivala Sarosh P , Bartakian Sergio 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesTo expand on the limited available literature regarding the use of balloon expandable covered stents for the treatment of traumatic aortic injuries (TAI) in the pediatric population.BackgroundAlthough endovascular grafts have largely replaced surgery for TAI repair, there are significant limitations to the use of these grafts in pediatric patients.MethodsMulticenter, retrospective chart review of pediatric patients with TAI following blunt chest wall trauma. Procedural characteristics, follow‐up, and reinterventions are described.ResultsSix covered stents implanted in five patients. Median patient age was 12 years (11–13 years) and median weight 50 kg (44–54 kg). Procedural success was achieved in all cases. No procedural or postprocedural complications were noted. Median follow‐up time was 24 months (11–36 months).ConclusionsBalloon expandable covered stent treatment of pediatric patients with TAI is a feasible alternative to open surgical repair, and preferred over endovascular grafts due to graft size limitations and the large delivery systems.
Oxygen Evolution Reaction on Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes Noncovalently Functionalized with Metal Phthalocyanines
Authors: Alzate‐Carvajal Natalia , Bolivar‐Pineda Lina M. , Meza‐Laguna Victor , Basiuk Vladimir A. , Basiuk Elena V. , Baranova Elena A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis work reports the facile preparation of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) noncovalently functionalized with 3d transition metal (II) phthalocyanines MPcs (M=Mn, Fe, Co and Ni) and their electrochemical evaluation towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. The modification of SWCNTs with MPcs improved the potential required for the oxygen evolution reaction in 0.1 M and 1 M KOH by lowering the potential by approximately 120 mV in comparison with unmodified SWCNTs, at a current density of 10 mA cm−1. The onset potential of the hybrids is close to the bulk Ni electrode in 1 M KOH and significantly outperforms Ni and Ir black electrodes in 0.1 M KOH solution. Nickel, cobalt and iron phthalocyanines showed auto‐activation during extended cyclic voltammetry and long‐term chronoamperometric measurements in both KOH concentrations. The excellent electrocatalytic activity of hybrids obtained and the straightforward method of their synthesis opens the possibility of exploring the proposed materials for applications in anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE).
The Effect of Anions and pH on the Activity and Selectivity of an Annealed Polycrystalline Au Film Electrode in the Oxygen Reduction Reaction‐Revisited
Authors: Jusys Zenonas , Behm R. Jürgen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAiming at a better understanding of correlations between the activity and selectivity of Au electrodes in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) under controlled transport conditions, we have investigated this reaction by combined electrochemical and in situ FTIR measurements, performed in a flow cell set‐up in an attenuated total reflection (ATR) configuration in acid and alkaline electrolytes. The formation of incomplete reduction products (hydrogen peroxyde/peroxyls) was detected by a collector electrode, the onset of OHad formation was probed by bulk CO oxidation. Using an electroless‐deposited, annealed Au film on a Si prism as working electrode and three different electrolytes for comparison (sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, sodium hydroxide solution), we could derive detailed information on the anion adsorption behavior, and could correlate this with the ORR characteristics. The data reveal pronounced effects of the anions and the pH on the ORR characteristics, indicated e. g., by a grossly different activity and selectivity for the 4‐electron pathway to water/hydroxyls, with the onset ranging from ca. 1.0 V in alkaline electrolyte to 0.6 V in sulfuric acid electrolyte, and the selectivity for the 4‐electron pathway ranging from 100 % (alkaline electrolyte, low overpotentials) to 40 % (acidic electrolytes, alkaline electrolyte at high overpotentials). In contrast, the effect of the ORR on the anion adsorption characteristics is small. Anion effects as well as correlations between anion adsorption and ORR are discussed.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Cleavage of C−S Bonds in Thioacetals and Thioketals with Iodine as a Photocatalyst
Authors: Krumb Matthias , Kammer Lisa Marie , Forster Robert , Grundke Caroline , Opatz Till 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA protocol for a visible‐light‐induced cleavage of thioacetals and thioketals using molecular iodine as a photocatalyst in combination with oxygen as the terminal oxidant is reported. The reaction proceeds with low catalyst loadings and high chemical yields while the most commonly used N‐ and O‐protecting groups remain untouched in this transformation. Further investigation showed that the reaction also permits the synthesis of unsymmetrical disulfides by cleavage of unsymmetrical thioacetals.
CD71 improves delineation of PNH type III, PNH type II, and normal immature RBCS in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Sutherland D. Robert , Richards Stephen J. , Ortiz Fernando , Nayyar Rakesh , Benko Miroslav , Marinov Iuri , Illingworth Andrea 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) relies on flow cytometric demonstration of loss of glycosyl‐phosphatidyl inositol (GPI)‐anchored proteins from red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC). High‐sensitivity multiparameter assays have been developed to detect loss of GPI‐linked structures on PNH neutrophils and monocytes. High‐sensitivity assays to detect PNH phenotypes in RBCs have also been developed that rely on the loss of GPI‐linked CD59 on CD235a‐gated mature RBCs. The latter is used to delineate PNH Type III (total loss of CD59) and PNH Type II RBCs (partial loss of CD59) from normal (Type I) RBCs. However, it is often very difficult to delineate these subsets, especially in patients with large PNH clones who continue to receive RBC transfusions, even while on eculizumab therapy.MethodsWe have added allophycocyanin (APC)‐conjugated CD71 to the existing CD235aFITC/CD59PE RBC assay allowing simultaneous delineation and quantification of PNH Type III and Type II immature RBCs (iRBCs).ResultsWe analyzed 24 medium to large‐clone PNH samples (>10% PNH WBC clone size) for PNH Neutrophil, PNH Monocyte, Type III and Type II PNH iRBCs, and where possible, Type III and Type II PNH RBCs. The ability to delineate PNH Type III, Type II, and Type I iRBCs was more objective compared to that in mature RBCs. Additionally, total PNH iRBC clone sizes were very similar to PNH WBC clone sizes.ConclusionsAddition of CD71 significantly improves the ability to analyze PNH clone sizes in the RBC lineage, regardless of patient hemolytic and/or transfusion status.
Zebrafish etv2 knock‐in line labels vascular endothelial and blood progenitor cells
Authors: Chestnut Brendan , Sumanas Saulius 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundETS transcription factor Etv2/Etsrp is one of the earliest markers for vascular and hematopoietic progenitors and functions as a key regulator of hematovascular development in multiple vertebrates, including zebrafish. Therefore, transgenic etv2 reporter lines provide a valuable tool to study vasculogenesis and hematopoiesis. However, previously generated zebrafish reporter lines do not fully recapitulate the endogenous pattern of etv2 expression.ResultsHere we used CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated homology‐independent DNA repair approach to knock‐in a Gal4 transcriptional activator into the zebrafish etv2 genomic locus, thus generating etv2
ci32Gt gene trap line. etv2
ci32Gt; UAS:GFP embryos show GFP expression in vascular endothelial, myeloid and red blood cells. Because gal4 insertion interrupts the etv2 locus, homozygous etv2
ci32Gt embryos display defects in vasculogenesis and myelopoiesis, and enable visualizing etv2‐deficient hematovascular progenitors in live embryos. Furthermore, we performed differential transcriptome analysis of sorted GFP‐positive cells from heterozygous and homozygous etv2
ci32Gt embryos. Approximately 500 downregulated genes were identified in etv2
ci32Gt homozygous embryos, which include multiple genes expressed in vascular endothelial and myeloid cells.ConclusionsThe etv2
ci32Gt gene trap line and the data sets of misregulated genes will be valuable resources to study hematopoietic and vascular development.
The role of galanin in the differentiation of mucosal mast cells in mice
Authors: Yamaguchi Tomoko , Ikeda Yumi , Tashiro Katsuhisa , Ohkawa Yasuyuki , Kawabata Kenji 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMast cells are generally classified into two phenotypically distinct populations: mucosal‐type mast cells (MMCs) and connective tissue‐type mast cells (CTMCs). However, the molecular basis determining the different characteristics of the mast cell subclasses still remains unclear. Unfortunately, the number of mast cells that can be obtained from tissues is limited, which makes it difficult to study the function of each mast cell subclass. Here, we report the generation and characterization of MMCs and CTMCs derived from mouse BM mast cells (BMMCs). We found that the expression of galanin receptor 3 was elevated in MMCs when compared to the expression in CTMCs. Moreover, intraperitoneal injection of a galanin antagonist reduced MMCs and inhibited the inflammation of dextran sodium sulfate‐induced colitis in mice. Therefore, these results suggest that galanin promotes MMC differentiation in vivo, and provide important insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation of mast cell subclasses.
Microalgae wastewater treatment: Biological and technological approaches
Authors: Wollmann Felix , Dietze Stefan , Ackermann Jörg‐Uwe , Bley Thomas , Walther Thomas , Steingroewer Juliane , Krujatz Felix 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCurrent global environmental issues raise unavoidable challenges for our use of natural resources. Supplying the human population with clean water is becoming a global problem. Numerous organic and inorganic impurities in municipal, industrial, and agricultural waters, ranging from microplastics to high nutrient loads and heavy metals, endanger our nutrition and health. The development of efficient wastewater treatment technologies and circular economic approaches is thus becoming increasingly important. The biomass production of microalgae using industrial wastewater offers the possibility of recycling industrial residues to create new sources of raw materials for energy and material use. This review discusses algae‐based wastewater treatment technologies with a special focus on industrial wastewater sources, the potential of non‐conventional extremophilic (thermophilic, acidophilic, and psychrophilic) microalgae, and industrial algae‐wastewater treatment concepts that have already been put into practice.
Systematic review of ketogenic diet use in adult patients with status epilepticus
Authors: Mahmoud Sherif Hanafy , Ho‐Huang Ethos , Buhler Jessica 
Published: November 2019

AbstractStatus epilepticus (SE) is a medical emergency that is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality. Recently, there has been significant interest in the use of ketogenic diets (KD) in the management of SE. KD is a high‐fat, low‐carbohydrate, and adequate protein diet that has been shown to be a safe and effective adjuvant to present SE management in patients with refractory epilepsy. Many case reports and case series have demonstrated the potential safety and effectiveness of KD for the acute treatment of SE; however, quality studies remain scarce on this topic. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize the available evidence for the safety and effectiveness of KD in adults with SE. A literature search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL (September 14, 2018). The search was repeated on March 27, 2019, to include any studies published since the original search. Keywords related to KD and SE were used. Studies were selected based on the reported use of the KD in SE. The search resulted in a total of 954 records. After screening and full‐text review, 17 articles were included in this review: four observational studies, 10 case reports, and 3 case series. Based on the observational studies, a total of 38 Patients with SE have been reported. KD was successful in achieving cessation of SE in 31 Patients (82%). The most common adverse effects reported were metabolic acidosis, hyperlipidemia, and hypoglycemia. The current limited evidence suggests that KD might be considered as an option for adult patients with SE. Although promising, the results need to be interpreted with caution due to the inherent bias, confounding and small sample size of the included studies. A randomized controlled trial is recommended to establish role of KD in the management of SE in adults.