bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The regulatory effect of has-circ-0001146/miR-26a-5p/MNAT1 network on the proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma
Authors: Wang Junjie , Ni Jiangdong , Song Deye , Ding Muliang , Huang Jun , Li Wenzhao , He Guangxu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOsteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumour with the lowest survival rates out of all paediatric cancers and is primarily diagnosed in children and adolescents. MNAT1 is a subunit in the cyclin-dependent kinase-activating kinase complex. Abnormal up-regulation of MNAT1 has been associated with the poor prognosis of multiple cancers. Bioinformatics analysis showed that has-circ-0001146 and miR-26a-5p were involved in the regulation of MNAT1 in osteosarcoma. The present study investigated the regulatory effects of has-circ-0001146 and miR-26a-5p on MNAT1 expression using luciferase reporter and RNA-pull down assays. The effects of the has-circ-0001146/miR26a-5p/Mnat1 network on the proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma were evaluated by cell viability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion assays. Osteosarcoma tissues showed higher MNAT1 and has-circ-0001146 expression than adjacent normal tissues, although the expression of MNAT1 was not significantly up-regulated in sarcomas according to TCGA databases. As indicated by luciferase reporter and RNA-pull down assays, miR-26a-5p was able to bind to both has-circ-0001146 and MNAT1 mRNA. The depletion of has-circ-0001146 as well as the increase of miR-26a-5p decreased MNAT1 expression in osteosarcoma cells, while the reduction of miR-26a-5p was associated with increased MNAT1 expression. These data suggested that has-circ-0001146 promoted MNAT1 expression by competitively binding to miR-26a-5p with MNAT1 mRNA. The depletion of has-circ-0001146 or MNAT1 or the increase of miR-26a-5p inhibited osteosarcoma cell viability and invasion, and increased apoptosis. Reduction of miR-26a-5p conversely promoted osteosarcoma cell viability and invasion. The present study confirmed that has-circ-0001146 blocked miR-26a-5p targeting MNAT1 in osteosarcoma cells, thereby promoting the malignant behaviours of osteosarcoma cells.
Functioning mechanisms of Shugoshin-1 in centromeric cohesion during mitosis
Authors: Zhang Qian , Liu Hong 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Proper regulation of centromeric cohesion is required for faithful chromosome segregation that prevents chromosomal instability. Extensive studies have identified and established the conserved protein Shugoshin (Sgo1/2) as an essential protector for centromeric cohesion. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of how Shugoshin-1 (Sgo1) protects centromeric cohesion at the molecular level. Targeting of Sgo1 to inner centromeres is required for its proper function of cohesion protection. We therefore discuss about the molecular mechanisms that install Sgo1 onto inner centromeres. At metaphase-to-anaphase transition, Sgo1 at inner centromeres needs to be disabled for the subsequent sister-chromatid segregation. A few recent studies suggest interesting models to explain how it is achieved. These models are discussed as well.
Ubiquitin-like proteins in the DNA damage response: the next generation
Authors: Da Costa Isabelle C. , Schmidt Christine K. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
DNA suffers constant insult from a variety of endogenous and exogenous sources. To deal with the arising lesions, cells have evolved complex and coordinated pathways, collectively termed the DNA damage response (DDR). Importantly, an improper DDR can lead to genome instability, premature ageing and human diseases, including cancer as well as neurodegenerative disorders. As a crucial process for cell survival, regulation of the DDR is multi-layered and includes several post-translational modifications. Since the discovery of ubiquitin in 1975 and the ubiquitylation cascade in the early 1980s, a number of ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) have been identified as post-translational modifiers. However, while the importance of ubiquitin and the UBLs SUMO and NEDD8 in DNA damage repair and signalling is well established, the roles of the remaining UBLs in the DDR are only starting to be uncovered. Herein, we revise the current status of the UBLs ISG15, UBL5, FAT10 and UFM1 as emerging co-regulators of DDR processes. In fact, it is becoming clear that these post-translational modifiers play important pleiotropic roles in DNA damage and/or associated stress-related cellular responses. Expanding our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying these emerging UBL functions will be fundamental for enhancing our knowledge of the DDR and potentially provide new therapeutic strategies for various human diseases including cancer.
The class II histone deacetylases as therapeutic targets for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Mazzocchi Martina , Collins Louise M , Sullivan Aideen M. , O'Keeffe Gerard W. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by specific motor impairments. The neuropathological hallmarks of PD include progressive degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic neurons, and loss of their axonal projections to the striatum. Additionally, there is progressive accumulation and spread of intracellular aggregates of α-synuclein. Although dopamine-replacement pharmacotherapy can treat PD symptoms in the short-term, there is a critical need for the development of disease-modifying therapies based on an understanding of the underlying disease mechanisms. One such mechanism is histone acetylation, which is a common epigenetic modification that alters gene transcription. A number of studies have described alterations in histone acetylation in the brains of PD patients. Moreover, α-synuclein accumulation has been linked to alterations in histone acetylation and pharmacological strategies aimed at modulating histone acetylation are under investigation as novel approaches to disease modification in PD. Currently, such strategies are focused predominantly on pan-inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes. Inhibition of specific individual HDAC enzymes is a more targeted strategy that may allow for future clinical translation. However, the most appropriate class of HDACs that should be targeted for neuroprotection in PD is still unclear. Recent work has shed new light on the role of class-II HDACs in dopaminergic degeneration. For this reason, here we describe the regulation of histone acetylation, outline the evidence for alterations in histone acetylation in the PD brain, and focus on the roles of class II HDACs and the potential of class-II HDAC inhibition as a therapeutic approach for neuroprotection in PD.
Distances to the supernova remnants in the inner disk
Authors: Wang Shu , Zhang Chengyu , Jiang Biwei , Zhao He , Chen Bingqiu , Chen Xiaodian , Gao Jian , Liu Jifeng 
Published: May 2020

Context. Distance measurements of supernova remnants (SNRs) are essential as accurate estimates of physical size, dust masses, and some other properties of SNRs depend critically on accurate distance measurements. However, the determination of SNR distances is still a tough task.
Aims. Red clump stars (RCs) have a long history of being used as standard candles. In this work, we take RCs as tracers to determine the distances to a large group of SNRs in the inner disk.
Methods. We first selected RC stars based on the near-infrared (IR) color-magnitude diagram. Then the distance to and extinction of RC stars were calculated. To extend the measurable range of distance, we combined near-IR photometric data from the 2MASS survey with the deeper UKIDSS and VVV surveys. With the help of the Gaia parallaxes, we also removed contaminants, including dwarfs and giants. Because an SN explosion compresses the surrounding interstellar medium, the SNR region would become denser and exhibit higher extinction than the surroundings. The distance of an SNR is then recognized by the position where the extinction and its gradient is higher than that of the ambient medium.
Results. A total of 63 SNRs distances in the Galactic inner disk were determined and divided into three Levels A, B, and C with decreasing reliability. The distances to 43 SNRs are well determined with reliability A or B. The diameters and dust masses of SNRs were estimated with the obtained distance and extinction.
C18O,13CO, and12CO abundances and excitation temperatures in the Orion B molecular cloud
Authors: Roueff Antoine , Gerin Maryvonne , Gratier Pierre , Levrier François , Pety Jérôme , Gaudel Mathilde , Goicoechea Javier R. , Orkisz Jan H. , de Souza Magalhaes Victor , Vono Maxime , Bardeau Sébastien , Bron Emeric , Chanussot Jocelyn , Chainais Pierre , Guzman Viviana V. , Hughes Annie , Kainulainen Jouni , Languignon David , Le Bourlot Jacques , Le Petit Franck , Liszt Harvey S. , Marchal Antoine , Miville-Deschênes Marc-Antoine , Peretto Nicolas , Roueff Evelyne , Sievers Albrecht 
Published: May 2020

Context.CO isotopologue transitions are routinely observed in molecular clouds for the purpose of probing the column density of the gas and the elemental ratios of carbon and oxygen, in addition to tracing the kinematics of the environment.Aims.Our study is aimed at estimating the abundances, excitation temperatures, velocity field, and velocity dispersions of the three main CO isotopologues towards a subset of the Orion B molecular cloud, which includes IC 434, NGC 2023, and the Horsehead pillar.Methods.We used the Cramer Rao bound (CRB) technique to analyze and estimate the precision of the physical parameters in the framework of local-thermodynamic-equilibrium (LTE) excitation and radiative transfer with added white Gaussian noise. We propose a maximum likelihood estimator to infer the physical conditions from the 1–0 and 2–1 transitions of CO isotopologues. Simulations show that this estimator is unbiased and proves efficient for a common range of excitation temperatures and column densities (Tex> 6 K,N> 1014−1015 cm−2).Results.Contrary to general assumptions, the various CO isotopologues have distinct excitation temperatures and the line intensity ratios between different isotopologues do not accurately reflect the column density ratios. We find mean fractional abundances that are consistent with previous determinations towards other molecular clouds. However, significant local deviations are inferred, not only in regions exposed to the UV radiation field, but also in shielded regions. These deviations result from the competition between selective photodissociation, chemical fractionation, and depletion on grain surfaces. We observe that the velocity dispersion of the C18O emission is 10% smaller than that of13CO. The substantial gain resulting from the simultaneous analysis of two different rotational transitions of the same species is rigorously quantified.Conclusions.The CRB technique is a promising avenue for analyzing the estimation of physical parameters from the fit of spectral lines. Future works will generalize its application to non-LTE excitation and radiative transfer methods.
Des tests génétiques pour prédire des maladies communes
Authors: Turrini Mauro , Connault Jérôme , Bourgain Catherine 
Published: May 2020

Introduit au lendemain de l’identification des « thrombophilies non rares » (TNR), au milieu des années 1990 afin de prédire et de prévenir la maladie thromboembolique veineuse (MTEV), le bilan génétique pour ces thrombophilies est un exemple assez rare de test génétique de susceptibilité pour une maladie complexe, à avoir franchi le pas d’un véritable usage de routine en clinique. Bien que ce test soit le plus répandu des tests de génétique post-natale en France, son usage (À qui proposer le test ? Que faire des résultats?) fait encore l’objet de débats. Cet article analyse la trajectoire de régulation clinique de ce test et illustre l’importance du contexte spécifique d’usage pour comprendre sa diffusion. Cette analyse vise à nourrir une réflexion plus générale sur les enjeux que pose l’intégration clinique des tests génétiques pour les maladies communes, en considérant notamment les modalités de définition de l’utilité clinique d’un test (statistiqueversusbiologique), des sujets du test (le cas indexversusses apparentés), et des critères en sous-tendant l’accès (modalités des calculs médico-économiques).
Prevention of Pregnancy Complications in Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Authors: Czwalinna Andreas , Bergmann Frauke 
Published: May 2020

AbstractDespite a lot of research on antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), standardization of test systems, and better definition of its clinical symptoms, the pathomechanism of this acquired autoimmune disease is not yet fully explained. Progress in treatment increased the live birth rate in 70 to 80% of women suffering from obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (OAPS). However, still 20 to 30% will develop adverse pregnancy outcome. Lack of awareness of this disorder as the cause for pregnancy complications is very harmful to mothers and to their newborns. Complications can be avoided or minimized by proper treatment. The aim of this article is to increase the awareness of gynecologists and medical personal for OAPS.
Augenärztliches Screening für Menschen mit geistiger und Mehrfachbehinderung
Authors: Grundel Bastian , Stech Milena , Bründer Marie-Christine , Böhringer Daniel , Haug Thomas , Ness Thomas , Reinhard Thomas 
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung
Einführung Special Olympics Deutschland (SOD) ist die deutsche Organisation der weltweit größten Sportbewegung für Menschen mit geistiger und mehrfacher Behinderung: Viele Landesverbände von SOD bieten mittlerweile alle 4 Jahre Sommerspiele für diese Klientel an, an denen Kinder und Erwachsene aus dem jeweiligen Bundesland teilnehmen. Während der Landessommerspiele von SO Baden-Württemberg in Offenburg im Jahr 2017 konnten die Athletinnen und Athleten im Rahmen des Gesundheitsprogramms „Opening Eyes – Besser Sehen“ an einem augenärztlichen Screening teilnehmen.
Methoden Optiker und Optometristen erhoben die Anamnese und Refraktion, prüften auf Farbfehlsichtigkeiten, Sehschärfe (Ferne und Nähe) sowie den orthoptischen Status. Insgesamt 4 erfahrene Ärzte in Weiterbildung und Fachärzte der Klinik für Augenheilkunde des Universitätsklinikums Freiburg führten Spaltlampenuntersuchungen, Funduskopie und Augendruckmessungen durch. Bei Bedarf wurde eine Funduskopie in Mydriase bzw. eine OCT-Untersuchung angeschlossen.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 166 Personen untersucht (48% weiblich = 80; 52% männlich = 86). Der Abdecktest war in etwa 45% der Fälle in der Ferne und in 47% der Fälle in der Nähe auffällig. Sechs bzw. 11% der Patienten gaben Doppelbilder an (9/156; 17/156; jeweils Ferne und Nähe). Eine auffällige Farbsehprüfung mit weniger als 9 von 9 erkannten CVTM-Testtafeln (Color Vision Testing Made Easy nach Waggoner) wurde bei 8% (11/143) dokumentiert. Fundusauffälligkeiten sahen wir in 13% der Fälle (16/125). 41% (48/118) benötigten eine neue Brillenverschreibung. 29% (45/157) gaben eine Überempfindlichkeit gegenüber Licht an. Jeder 2. Teilnehmer hatte in den letzten 3 Jahren einen Augenarzttermin wahrgenommen; dennoch ergab die Erhebung in 10% (16/160), dass noch kein Augenarztbesuch stattgefunden hatte. In 4% der Fälle wurde eine notfallmäßige Vorstellung beim niedergelassenen Augenarzt empfohlen (z. B. im Falle eines akuten Keratokonus oder aufgrund eines erhöhten
Augeninnendrucks). Eine optionale Behandlung (z. B. wegen eines Trockenen Auges) wurde in 40% der Fälle (66/166) empfohlen.
Diskussion Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung beklagen allgemeine Probleme mit den Augen oder neu aufgetretene Sehprobleme nicht zwangsläufig und unmittelbar. Zusätzlich besteht möglicherweise ein eingeschränkter Zugang zur augenärztlichen Versorgung im Vergleich zu Menschen ohne geistige Behinderung. Aufgrund der 4% behandlungsbedürftiger Diagnosen sowie der 53% der Teilnehmer mit nicht optimalem Refraktionsausgleich erscheint eine augenärztliche Begleitung von Special Olympics sinnvoll, sollte verstetigt und mit öffentlichen Mitteln unterstützt werden.
Bempedoinsäure – Wirkmechanismus und klinische Studien
Authors: Katzmann Julius L. , Laufs Ulrich 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungBempedoinsäure (ETC-1002) ist ein neuartiger Wirkstoff zur Behandlung der LDL-Hypercholesterinämie. Bempedoinsäure inhibiert das Enzym ATP-Citrat-Lyase, das im selben Stoffwechselweg liegt wie das Schlüsselenzym der Cholesterinbiosynthese und Angriffsort der Statine, die HMG-CoA-Reduktase. Bempedoinsäure wird als Prodrug appliziert und durch ein spezifisches Enzym in der Leber aktiviert, welches im Skelettmuskel nicht exprimiert wird. Randomisierte Studien zeigen eine Senkung des LDL-Cholesterins durch Bempedoinsäure; diese ist ausgeprägter bei statinnaiven Patienten und synergistisch mit Ezetimib. Die Verträglichkeit ist auch bei Patienten mit statinassoziierten Muskelschmerzen gut. Es gibt Hinweise auf eine geringe Erhöhung der Harnsäure und eine mögliche Verbesserung der Glukosetoleranz. C-reaktives Protein wird um ca. 25% gesenkt. Eine Endpunktstudie mit 12 600 Patienten mit manifester Atherosklerose und Unverträglichkeit von Statinen läuft, Ergebnisse werden 2022
erwartet. Bempedoinsäure stellt eine zukünftige Therapieoption für Patienten mit nicht erreichten LDL-Cholesterin-Zielwerten insbesondere aufgrund von statinassoziierten Muskelschmerzen dar.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Postthrombotic Syndrome
Authors: Bruning Guido , Woitalla-Bruning Jasmin , Queisser Anne-Caroline , Buhr Johanna Katharina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAfter acute treatment of deep vein thrombosis, not only the risk but also associated side effects of postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) are often underestimated.There are essentially two main types of PTS.1. Obstructive type—no sufficient recanalization of the deep vein.2. Refluctive type—sufficient recanalization of the deep vein, but insufficient venous valves in conjunction with venous reflux.A statement regarding deep vein recanalization and venous valve function can be made at the earliest after 6 months.PTS is often diagnosed without appropriate medical history. However, the assessment of the degree of recanalization and venous reflux is paramount to the medical prognosis. In our opinion, beside proximal thrombosis, sufficient recanalization combined with a strong venous reflux, especially in the popliteal vein, works as a powerful predictor for an unfavorable and fast progression of PTS and chronic venous insufficiency. Thus, the obstructive type is prognostically more favorable. For PTS in general, consistent compression therapy represents the first-line treatment option.With concomitant varicosis, one should assess whether the varicose veins represent primary varicosis with reflux or secondary varicosis without reflux. Especially in the presence of venous ulcers, the elimination of concomitant primary varicosis leads to an improved prognosis. Moist wound treatment is considered to be the standard treatment for all wounds undergoing secondary healing. A standardized set of topical therapeutic agents also facilitates the treatment. In individual cases “ulcershaving” and mesh graft transplantation proved to be successful.
Role of Basal Hormones on Sweat Rate and Sweat
Na+  Loss in Elite Women Soccer
Players
Authors: Castro-Sepulveda Mauricio , Cancino Jorge , Jannas-Vela Sebastian , Jesam Francisca , Lobos Casandra , Del Coso Juan , Zbinden-Foncea Hermann 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe aimed to determine whether basal concentrations of testosterone, cortisol or
the ratio testosterone/cortisol were related to sweat
Na+ loss, sweat Na+ concentration
([Na+]) and sweat rate during exercise. Twenty-two female
elite soccer players participated in the study. Testosterone and cortisol were
measured in blood samples before exercise. Sweat samples were collected during a
training session (~20°C, ~30% RH, and
~0.55 m/s of wind speed) to measure sweat
[Na+]. Sweat rate was determined by considering the
difference between post-and pre-body weight, along with the amount of liquid
consumed. During exercise, sweat Na+ loss
(0.33[0.19] g/h) and sweat rate (0.49[0.20] L/h)
were related to basal testosterone concentration
(1.4[0.4] pg/mL) (r=0.54; r=0.55, respectively;
p<0.05), but not with basal cortisol concentration
(119.2[24.2] ng/mL) nor testosterone/cortisol ratio
(0.012[0.003]) (p>0.05). However, when Na+ loss was
adjusted to sweat rate, no association was found between Na+
loss and testosterone (p>0.05). In addition, no differences were found
between players with high vs. low Na+ loss adjusted to sweat
loss in menstrual phase or intensity during exercise (p>0.05). In
conclusion, these results suggest that in these specific environmental
conditions, basal levels of testosterone might increase sweat rate and
therefore, the amount of Na+ lost during exercise in elite
women soccer players.
Abnormal coalition of navicular and cuboid - a case report
Authors: Gindha Gurbachan Singh , Sharma Maneesha , Singh Manjit 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe flat foot may result from a number of causes, out of which fusion between the adjoining tarsals can be one of the causes. An orthopedic surgeon should be aware of such coalitions. The present case study is a report of abnormal fusion of tarsal bones and the effects of such fusion on the adjoining structures and thereby resulting in difficulty during walking. The case presented here was observed while examining tarsal bones during routine undergraduate teaching. A right sided navicular had on its plantar aspect an abnormal wedge shaped accessory ossified part with a facet on its proximal aspect and a cut edge on its anterolateral aspect, corresponding cut edge was observed in proximo-medial aspect of the cuboid belonging to the same body, proving it to be a bar of bone between Navicular and cuboid. This naviculo- cuboid bar of bone might have resulted from lack of differentiation of mesenchyme.
Establishing a Data-Sharing Environment for a 21st-Century Academic Health Center
Authors: Khurshid Anjum , Rousseau Justin F. , Andrews Steven B. , Tierney William M. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective The main purpose of this study was to establish a seamless clinical data sharing system in a new medical school in partnership with community health systems.
Methods We developed a Data Request Management System (DRMS) and a data request process to streamline access to and management of data for quality improvement, population health, and research. We utilized a four-pronged methodology in implementing our clinical data sharing system: data governance, data extraction, external relationships, and internal engagement.
Results The Data Core team of honest data brokers through the established relationships, data use agreements, data request processes, and the DRMS processed more than 50 data requests from all the departments during its first year of operation. The DRMS application and the supporting governance and relationships provided a platform for improved process and accuracy of data sharing environment by facilitating trust, transparency, standardization, and service provisioning.
Conclusion Developing a seamless data ecosystem that forms the basis of a learning health system between an academic health center and community health systems requires a combination of people (the Data Core team), processes (common data request process policies and procedures), and technology (an effective online DRMS). Future work is needed to measure the impact of the clinical data sharing system on efficiency and accuracy of data sharing.