bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controllable Polarization of Lasing Emission From a Polymer Microfiber Laser
Authors: Ta Van Duong , Chen Rui , Sun Handong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMicrolasers with controllable polarization of output emission are vital for on-chip optical communications, optical sensors and optical switches. In this work, we report a high quality (Q) factor, low-threshold polymer microfiber laser and the possibility of achieving laser emission with a desired polarization. The microfiber is fabricated by direct drawing from a dye-doped polymer solution and it can generate whispering gallery mode (WGM) lasing under optical pulse excitation. When the microfiber is pumped from the side with pumping direction perpendicular to the microfiber’s axis, the polarization direction of the output laser is found to be the same as that of the pump laser. Lasing emission with either transverse electric (TE) or transverse magnetic (TM) modes can be obtained and these two polarization states can be switched over by tuning the pumping laser. Furthermore, emission with both TE and TM modes can also be observed by changing the orientation of the microfiber relatively to pumping direction. Our finding provides an effective approach for achieving microlasers that have high Q lasing modes with anticipated polarization.
Effect of second-order magnetic anisotropy on nonlinearity of conductance in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junction for magnetic sensor devices
Authors: Ogasawara Takahiro , Oogane Mikihiko , Al-Mahdawi Muftah , Tsunoda Masakiyo , Ando Yasuo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe studied the effect of second-order magnetic anisotropy on the linear conductance output of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) for magnetic-field-sensor applications. Experimentally, CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB-based MTJs were fabricated, and the nonlinearity, NL was evaluated for different thicknesses, t of the CoFeB free layer from the conductance. As increasing t from 1.5 to 2.0 nm, maximum NL, NLmax was found to decrease from 1.86 to 0.17% within the dynamic range, Hd = 1.0 kOe. For understanding the origin of such NL behavior, a theoretical model based on the Slonczewski model was constructed, wherein the NL was demonstrated to be dependent on both the normalized second-order magnetic anisotropy field of Hk2/|Hkeff| and the normalized dynamic range of Hd/|Hkeff|. Here, Hkeff, Hk2, are the effective and second-order magnetic anisotropy field of the free layer in MTJ. Remarkably, experimental NLmax plotted as a function of Hk2/|Hkeff| and Hd/|Hkeff|, which were measured from FMR technique coincided with the predictions of our model. Based on these experiment and calculation, we conclude that Hk2 is the origin of NL and strongly influences its magnitude. This finding gives us a guideline for understanding NL and pioneers a new prospective for linear-output MTJ sensors to control sensing properties by Hk2.
Molecular and genetic analysis of defensive responses of Brassica juncea – B. fruticulosa introgression lines to Sclerotinia infection
Authors: Atri Chhaya , Akhatar Javed , Gupta Mehak , Gupta Neha , Goyal Anna , Rana Kusum , Kaur Rimaljeet , Mittal Meenakshi , Sharma Anju , Singh Mohini Prabha , Sandhu Prabhjodh S. , Barbetti Martin J. , Banga Surinder S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a major disease of crop brassicas, with inadequate variation for resistance in primary gene pools. We utilized a wild Brassicaceae species with excellent resistance against stem rot to develop a set of B. juncea - B. fruticulosa introgression lines (ILs). These were assessed for resistance using a highly reproducible stem inoculation technique against a virulent pathogen isolate. Over 40% of ILs showed higher levels of resistance. IL-43, IL-175, IL-215, IL-223 and IL-277 were most resistant ILs over three crop seasons. Sequence reads (21x) from the three most diverse ILs were then used to create B. juncea pseudomolecules, by replacing SNPs of reference B. juncea with those of re-sequenced ILs. Genotyping by sequencing (GBS) was also carried out for 88 ILs. Resultant sequence tags were then mapped on to the B. juncea pseudomolecules, and SNP genotypes prepared for each IL. Genome wide association studies helped to map resistance responses to stem rot. A total of 13 significant loci were identified on seven B. juncea chromosomes (A01, A03, A04, A05, A08, A09 and B05). Annotation of the genomic region around identified SNPs allowed identification of 20 candidate genes belonging to major disease resistance protein families, including TIR-NBS-LRR class, Chitinase, Malectin/receptor-like protein kinase, defensin-like (DEFL), desulfoglucosinolate sulfotransferase protein and lipoxygenase. A majority of the significant SNPs could be validated using whole genome sequences (21x) from five advanced generation lines being bred for Sclerotinia resistance as compared to three susceptible B. juncea germplasm lines. Our findings not only provide critical new understanding of the defensive pathway of B. fruticulosa resistance, but will also enable development of marker candidates for assisted transfer of introgressed resistant loci in to agronomically superior cultivars of crop Brassica.
Transgenerational effects from single larval exposure to azadirachtin on life history and behavior traits of Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Ferdenache M. , Bezzar-Bendjazia R. , Marion-Poll F. , Kilani-Morakchi S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAzadirachtin is one of the successful botanical pesticides in agricultural use with a broad-spectrum insecticide activity, but its possible transgenerational effects have not been under much scrutiny. The effects of sublethal doses of azadirachtin on life-table traits and oviposition behaviour of a model organism in toxicological studies, D. melanogaster, were evaluated. The fecundity and oviposition preference of flies surviving to single azadirachtin-treated larvae of parental generation was adversely affected and resulted in the reduction of the number of eggs laid and increased aversion to this compound over two successive generations. In parental generation, early exposure to azadirachtin affects adult’s development by reducing the number of organisms, delay larval and pupal development; male biased sex ratio and induced morphological alterations. Moreover, adult’s survival of the two generations was significantly decreased as compared to the control. Therefore, Single preimaginal azadirachtin treatment can affect flies population dynamics via transgenerational reductions in survival and reproduction capacity as well as reinforcement of oviposition avoidance which can contribute as repellent strategies in integrated pest management programs. The transgenerational effects observed suggest a possible reduction both in application frequency and total amount of pesticide used, would help in reducing both control costs and possible ecotoxicological risks.
Tibetan sheep grazing modifies rodent density and their interactions effect on GHG emissions of alpine meadow
Authors: Wang Yingxin , Yuan Hang , Zhang Xinglu , Sun Yi , Chang Shenghua , Li Guang , Hou Fujiang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDigging and mound-building by rodents lead to considerable disturbances in the topsoil and may affect plant composition, soil properties. However, little is known about the effects of these activities on GHG emissions, especially under different grazing management. This paper aimed to measure changes in CO2 and CH4 efflux with varying grazing management during the warm and cold seasons and to relate CO2 and CH4 efflux to pika burrow density and zokor mound density with different grazing management. Results of this study showed that CO2 efflux was significantly affected by the grazing season, whereas CH4 efflux was significantly affected by the grazing system. There were significant relationships between GHG efflux and rodent population density which were regulated by grazing management. CO2 efflux increased linearly with rodent density under seasonal continuous grazing in warm season. CO2 and CH4 efflux and rodent population density showed a significant quadratic convex relationship under rotational grazing at 24 SM/ha in warm and cold seasons and rotational grazing at 48 SM/ha in cold season. Under rotational grazing at light stocking rate (24 SM/ha), appropriate populations of rodents were beneficial for decreasing GHG emissions. This results also used to help drive a best-practices model for grazing practices of local herders.
Prevalence and progression of rheumatic heart disease: a global systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based echocardiographic studies
Authors: Noubiap Jean Jacques , Agbor Valirie N. , Bigna Jean Joel , Kaze Arnaud D. , Nyaga Ulrich Flore , Mayosi Bongani M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide a contemporaneous estimate of the global burden of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) from echocardiographic population-based studies. We searched multiple databases between January 01, 1996 and October 17, 2017. Random-effect meta-analysis was used to pool data. We included 82 studies (1,090,792 participant) reporting data on the prevalence of RHD and 9 studies on the evolution of RHD lesions. The pooled prevalence of RHD was 26.1‰ (95%CI 19.2–33.1) and 11.3‰ (95%CI 7.2–16.2) for studies which used the World Heart Federation (WHF) and World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, respectively. The prevalence of RHD varied inversely with the level of a country’s income, was lower with the WHO criteria compared to the WHF criteria, and was lowest in South East Asia. Definite RHD progressed in 7.5% (95% CI 1.5–17.6) of the cases, while 60.7% (95% CI 42.4–77.5) of cases remained stable over the course of follow-up. The proportion of cases borderline RHD who progressed to definite RHD was 11.3% (95% CI 6.9–16.5). The prevalence of RHD across WHO regions remains high. The highest prevalence of RHD was noted among studies which used the WHF diagnostic criteria. Definite RHD tends to progress or remain stable over time.
How different effectors and action effects modulate the formation of separate motor memories
Authors: Schween Raphael , Langsdorf Lisa , Taylor Jordan A. , Hegele Mathias 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHumans can operate a variety of modern tools, which are often associated with different visuomotor transformations. Studies investigating this ability have shown that separate motor memories can be acquired implicitly when different sensorimotor transformations are associated with distinct (intended) postures or explicitly when abstract contextual cues are leveraged by aiming strategies. It still remains unclear how different transformations are remembered implicitly when postures are similar. We investigated whether features of planning to manipulate a visual tool, such as its visual identity or the environmental effect intended by its use (i.e. action effect) would enable implicit learning of opposing visuomotor rotations. Results show that neither contextual cue led to distinct implicit motor memories, but that cues only affected implicit adaptation indirectly through generalization around explicit strategies. In contrast, a control experiment where participants practiced opposing transformations with different hands did result in contextualized aftereffects differing between hands across generalization targets. It appears that different (intended) body states are necessary for separate aftereffects to emerge, suggesting that the role of sensory prediction error-based adaptation may be limited to the recalibration of a body model, whereas establishing separate tool models may proceed along a different route.
Challenging the thorium-immobility paradigm
Authors: Nisbet Haylea , Migdisov Artas A. , Williams-Jones Anthony E. , Xu Hongwu , van Hinsberg Vincent J. , Roback Robert 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThorium is the most abundant actinide in the Earth’s crust and has universally been considered one of the most immobile elements in natural aqueous systems. This view, however, is based almost exclusively on solubility data obtained at low temperature and their theoretical extrapolation to elevated temperature. The occurrence of hydrothermal deposits with high concentrations of Th challenges the Th immobility paradigm and strongly suggests that Th may be mobilized by some aqueous fluids. Here, we demonstrate experimentally that Th, indeed, is highly mobile at temperatures between 175 and 250 °C in sulfate-bearing aqueous fluids due to the formation of the highly stable Th(SO4)2 aqueous complex. The results of this study indicate that current models grossly underestimate the mobility of Th in hydrothermal fluids, and thus the behavior of Th in ore-forming systems and the nuclear fuel cycle needs to be re-evaluated.
Intratumoral Susceptibility Signals Reflect Biomarker Status in Gliomas
Authors: Kong Ling-Wei , Chen Jin , Zhao Heng , Yao Kun , Fang Sheng-Yu , Wang Zheng , Wang Yin-Yan , Li Shou-Wei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSusceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) can be a useful tool to depict vascular structures in brain tumors as well as micro-bleedings, which represent tumor invasion to blood vessels and could also be representative of tumoral angiogenesis. In this study, we investigated the relationship between SWI features and glioma grades, and the expression of key molecular markers isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), and 1p19q. The gliomas were graded according to the intratumoral susceptibility signals (ITSS). We used the Mann-Whitney test to analyze the relationship between ITSS grades and the pathological level and status of these markers. Additionally, the area under the curve (AUC) was used to determine the predictive value of glioma SWI characteristics for the molecular marker status. In these cases, the ITSS grades of low-grade gliomas (LGG) were significantly lower than those of high-grade gliomas (HGG). Similarly, the ITSS grades of gliomas with IDH1 mutations and MGMT methylation were significantly lower than those of gliomas with Wild-type IDH1 and unmethylated MGMT. However, ITSS grades showed no relationship with 1p19q deletion status, while they did show significant predictive ability for glioma grade, IDH1 mutation, and MGMT methylation. These findings indicate an association between some molecular markers and cerebral microbleeds in gliomas, providing a new avenue for non-invasive prediction of molecular genetics in gliomas and an important basis for preoperative personalized surgical treatment based on molecular pathology.
Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Overview
Authors: Katsiki Niki , Steiropoulos Paschalis , Papanas Nikolaos , Mikhailidis Dimitri P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common disease with an increasing prevalence, characterised by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. Apart from cigarette smoking, certain occupational and environmental exposures, low socioeconomic status and genetic factors may contribute to the pathogenesis of COPD. Comorbidities, e. g. diabetes mellitus (DM), can negatively affect quality of life, COPD outcomes and cardiovascular risk. The present narrative review considers the potential links between COPD and DM, such as systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, hypoxaemia and hyperglycaemia. The effects of antidiabetic drugs on lung function and COPD outcomes, as well as the possibility of common therapeutic modalities are also briefly considered. Further research is needed in this field to elucidate these relationships as well as their potential clinical implications in daily practice.
Novel ELANE Gene Mutation in a Newborn with Severe Congenital Neutropenia: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Jia Yue , Yue Changjun , Bradford Kathryn , Qing Xin , Panosyan Eduard H. , Gotesman Moran 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSevere neutropenia is defined as an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of less than 0.5 × 109/L. Severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) is an inborn disorder with maturation arrest of granulocytes due to various genetic abnormalities, which may lead to immunodeficiency. Among several associated genetic mutations, the variants or heterozygous mutations of the ELANE gene coding neutrophil elastase comprise approximately 50% of the genetic causes of SCN. We present a newborn (male) with severe neutropenia due to a novel ELANE gene mutation. The newborn was born at 386/7 weeks gestation to a 25-year-old mother with hypertension and morbid obesity. Pregnancy and delivery were uncomplicated but the baby obtained a complete blood count (CBC) on day of life 2 for a work up of hyperbilirubinemia. He was noted to initially have an ANC of 0.2 × 109/L and 0 on subsequent blood counts. A bone marrow biopsy showed a left shift and consistent with myeloid maturation arrest. In direct DNA sequencing analysis, we found an ELANE gene mutation (Val119Glu, V119E), which may be a new gene mutation to cause SCN. The diagnosis of SCN in newborns is usually based on neutropenia identified on a routine CBC. Sufficient awareness and high suspicion of this rare disease can prevent missed or delayed diagnosis of SCN. Our analysis also suggests a new pathological mutation in the ELANE gene and supports the important role of molecular testing in SCN.
Simulation of the absolute permeability based on the capillary pressure curves using the dumbbell model
Authors: Akhmetov R T , Mukhametshin V V , Kuleshova L S 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper deals with simulation of absolute permeability of granular collectors based on the capillary pressure curves using the dumbbell model. It has been established that for assessing permeability based on the capillary data, effective porosity should be used, since residual water does not participate in the displacement of fluid from the rock sample. It was proved that when using the dumbbell model instead of a simple capillary model, accuracy of absolute permeability prediction based on the capillary pressure curves increases significantly.
Algorithm of informative indicators system formation for development of business management tools
Authors: Shalanov N V , Kapelyuk Z A , Aletdinova A A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of the work is to improve the management decision – making tools based on informative indicators for organizations. To form a system of informative indicators the authors propose using the following methods. These are the assessment of the uniformity degree of empirical data for each indicator, the analysis and elimination of multicollinearity of indicators based on the matrix of paired correlation coefficients, the integrated assessment of the potential of the object of study using a set of indicators. A distinctive feature of this approach was the construction of a potential function that allows you to design a multidimensional object on a geometric plane. In that case, while forming a system of indicators, some indicators will be excluded taking into account their multicollinearity and weights in the potential function. The advantage of the proposed algorithm is using less expert assessments in scientific research.
Threat modelling for creating technical information protection system at automated machine building plants
Authors: Saigushev N Y , Vedeneeva O A , Melekhova Yu B , Ryazanova L S , Konovalov M V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article addresses the issue of threat and adversary modelling for creating a technical information protection system. Due to the very fast development of information technologies now, the information security must also be taken into consideration. Information leakages can occur via different channels such as acoustic and vibro-acoustic channels, electromagnetic interferences and so on. Protection must be secured against all that. Protection is particularly required when quite important documents or methods that can constitute state secrecy are concerned.
Numerical investigation of surface and leaky acoustic wave properties in SrLaGa3O7 crystal
Authors: Taziev R M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
For surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices operating at elevated ambient temperatures, piezoelectric crystals that have stable material properties at high temperatures are desirable. The progress in the field of electronic technologies has increased the demand for high-temperature piezoelectric materials for the use in temperature and pressure sensors. Recently, SAW sensors have been operated at room temperature or 100°C ÷ 300°C at most. A new piezoelectric SrLaGa3O7 crystal belongs to tetragonal symmetry class, and has stability of its piezoelectric properties up to the melting temperature of 1650°C. Numerical simulation of the properties of surface and leaky acoustic waves in the SrLaGa3O7 single crystal is performed. The SAW has a maximum value of the electromechanical coupling coefficient (~ 0.25%) on Z+64°-cut and propagation direction along the X-axis. In the same propagation direction, the electromechanical coupling coefficient of the leaky wave is 3.5 times lower than that of SAW. The SAW has large electromechanical coupling coefficient value (~0.24%) on Z, X+45°-cut of the crystal. It is shown that these two cuts of the SrLaGa3O7 single crystal are promising for use in the SAW devices.
Analysis of maximum braking power for determination of energy storage device characteristics within fuel cell electric bus
Authors: Kulikov K I , Schurov N I , Yaroslavtsev M V , Spiridonov E A , Langeman E G 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article describes development of hydrogen energetics over the 2014 to 2018 period. There are statistic data about significant influence of hydrogen vehicles on that energy sector. The development of this means of transport is funded by the governments in different countries and that means big prospects for that technology. Modern researches especially are targeted at optimal approach searching to drive the electrochemical generator (fuel cell) as an initial energy source in the united energy plant. The offered approach is based on the movement characteristics data which were obtained from operated on the real city route trolleybus. The preference is given to use the experimental data for further synthesis of the city fuel cell bus model.
Thermal error compensation in CNC machine tools using measurement technologies
Authors: Polyakov A N , Parfenov I V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The required machining accuracy can be realized by compensating the thermal error of the machine tool. The paper presents a method of constructing a system of compensation for the thermal error of the machine tool. The method is based on the part measurement system installed on the machine. A review of studies in the field of precision machining was conducted. The review showed that the methods of correction of machining errors caused by dynamic and static factors using OMM-technology (On Machine Measurement) is presented in the literature. At the same time, the methods of compensation of the thermal error of machine tool built on the use of OMM-technology are poorly represented. Therefore, the practical implementation of control algorithms of the working bodies of the machine allowing one to compensate for its thermal error using OMM-technology is in demand. The methodology contains seven main stages, methodologically covering four areas of research. In addition to the experimental, mathematical and measurement areas of research, they also distinguish the area of software development (preparation of NC programs for CNC machines). It is proved that the presented methodology allows one to develop own automated system of compensation of a thermal error for any machine tool. It is shown that the most important directions of the framework for the improvement of the effectiveness of such system are to ensure the completeness of the experimental base and the accuracy of the adjustment of the thermal error compensation algorithms of the machine tool.