bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Basaloid tumors arising from seborrheic keratosis: Malignant basal cell carcinoma or benign basaloid follicular hamartomatous proliferation?
Authors: Flordelis Johanna O. , Shen Ying‐Chi , Wu Yu‐Hung 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundBasaloid tumors arising from seborrheic keratosis (SK) that resembled basal cell carcinoma (BCC) were infrequently observed in our patients. They also exhibited morphologic features similar to those of trichoblastoma or basaloid follicular hamartoma.MethodsWe retrospectively collected cases of SK with basaloid tumors from 2001 to 2017. Ten cases of BCC, five of nevus sebaceus with trichoblastoma, five of trichoblastoma, and five of trichoepithelioma were included as controls. Tumor‐associated antigens Bcl‐2, CD10, PHLDA1, and CK20 were tested. Antigenic markers CD34 and CD10 were used to analyze peritumoral stroma features and Ki‐67 and pHH3 to measure the mitotic activity.ResultsTen cases of SK with basaloid tumors were found and all located in non‐sun‐exposed areas, including five men and five women, with a mean age of 61 years. A distinct PHLDA1 staining was not observed. The staining patterns of basaloid tumor lobules associated with SK were similar to the benign control group. Bcl‐2 staining in the tumor lobules was mostly negative. Peritumoral CD10 stain and CK20‐positive Merkel cells in the lobules were observed and the mitotic counts were low.ConclusionBasaloid tumors arising from SK are not always BCC. They were all benign follicular hamartomatous proliferation in this case series.
Multidecadal shifts in fish community diversity across a dynamic biogeographic transition zone
Authors: Troast Brittany , Paperno Richard , Cook Geoffrey S. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimA 21‐year fisheries‐independent monitoring dataset was used to explore fish community diversity across a latitudinal gradient to quantify how diversity has changed and relate those changes in diversity to changes in the abiotic environment. Additionally, this study spans a biogeographic transition zone, providing insight into future species assemblages across regions of relatively high species diversity.LocationIndian River Lagoon, FL, USA.MethodsSpatial and temporal beta diversity was quantified latitudinally with “best derived breaks” determined by using chronological cluster analyses. Multiple indices of alpha diversity were quantified, including species richness, Shannon diversity, Simpson diversity and Pielou's evenness. AIC model selection and environmental fit tests were performed to link patterns of diversity and species assemblages with the abiotic environment.ResultsEvidence of a biogeographic transition zone was supported by data spanning the entire study period; the largest break in species assemblage occurred near 28°N. Fine‐scale analyses using small and large seine catches were noisier than broad analyses but indicated a northern shift in location of the biogeographic transition zone. Beta diversity was generally dominated by species turnover/balance versus nestedness/gradient components, implying that changes were driven by species sorting associated with the physical environment. Excluding the summation of all environmental variables, temperature and dissolved oxygen best describe patterns of diversity and species composition.Main conclusionsOver years less affected by disturbances, large and small seine catch data suggest the fish community assemblage and location of the biogeographic transition zone has shifted 9 and 21 km to the north. If the trends observed in these years were to continue from 1999 until the year 2100, a 111–243‐km shift in fish communities could be expected. Variation in rates of movement based on gear type suggests novel species assemblages could ensue.
What leads to coordinated attention in parent–toddler interactions? Children's hearing status matters
Authors: Chen Chi‐hsin , Castellanos Irina , Yu Chen , Houston Derek M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCoordinated attention between children and their parents plays an important role in their social, language, and cognitive development. The current study used head‐mounted eye‐trackers to investigate the effects of children's prelingual hearing loss on how they achieve coordinated attention with their hearing parents during free‐flowing object play. We found that toddlers with hearing loss (age: 24–37 months) had similar overall gaze patterns (e.g., gaze length and proportion of face looking) as their normal‐hearing peers. In addition, children's hearing status did not affect how likely parents and children attended to the same object at the same time during play. However, when following parents' attention, children with hearing loss used both parents' gaze directions and hand actions as cues, whereas children with normal hearing mainly relied on parents' hand actions. The diversity of pathways leading to coordinated attention suggests the flexibility and robustness of developing systems in using multiple pathways to achieve the same functional end.
Statistical and machine learning methodology for abdominal aortic aneurysm prediction from ultrasound screenings
Authors: Kerut Edmund Kenneth , To Filip , Summers Kelli L. , Sheahan Claudie , Sheahan Malachi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA method of analysis of a database of patients (n = 10 329) screened for an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is presented. Self‐reported height, weight, age, gender, ethnicity, and parameters “Heart Problems,” “Hypertension,” “High Cholesterol,” “Diabetes Mellitus,” “Smoker Past 2 Years,” “Ever Smoked?,” “Family History AAA,” and “Family History Brain Aneurysm” were provided. Incidence of a AAA (defined as 3 cm diameter) was calculated as a function of age and body mass index (BMI) of greater than or less than a BMI 25 for various patient groups. Age was grouped into one of three categories in 15‐year intervals (35‐50 years, 50‐65 years, and 65 to 80 years). Most patients were Caucasian (n = 8575) and the largest group of patients with a AAA was the Caucasian male (198 of 279 total detected AAAs). A machine learning algorithm was written, with learning inputs from the acquired patient database. Of all groups, Caucasian males were found to have the highest incidence of AAA, with males in general higher than females. Smoking within the past two years was highly associated with AAA incidence, and a past history of smoking to a lesser extent. The incidence of AAA increased with age. When dividing groups into two cohorts by a BMI of 25, generally middle‐aged patients with a BMI > 25 had a higher incidence of a AAA. However, in general, the older age group with a BMI < 25 had a higher incidence of AAA. The addition of machine learning allows one to note the effect of an input keeping other input parameters constant. This helps identify a parameter that may be an independent predictor of a particular outcome. When using BMI as the single changing input, an increasing BMI was associated with an increased probability of a AAA, most significantly in middle‐aged patients, and then narrowing to similar probabilities in older age. This AAA screening program is ongoing. As data continues to be collected with particularly those patient groups presently underrepresented, questions as to an association of AAA with BMI as a function of age, and also an improvement in machine learning algorithm accuracy for various patient populations will continue.
No boundaries: a 2 year experience in a specialized youth mental health care program in the Netherlands
Authors: Leijdesdorff Sophie , Postma Mary Rose , van Kersbergen Laura , Marchetta Natalie , van Amelsvoort Thérèse 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimYoung people around the age of 18 receiving mental health care usually face the transition from child and adolescent (CAMHS) to adult mental health services (AMHS) bringing the risk of disruption in continuity of care. Recognizing the importance of early intervention in this vulnerable life‐period, this study aims to emphasize the importance of a client‐centred approach and continuity of care for this age group. For a deeper understanding of the specific needs of this group, the working method of a Dutch youth mental health (YMH) team working in a secondary mental health care setting is described, including some clinical characteristics and treatment results of patients who accessed this service.MethodsData consist of a detailed description of the working method of the YMH team combined with clinical characteristics of all patients aged 15‐25 years accessing the services of the YMH team over a two‐year period.ResultsThe YMH team incorporated suggestions of earlier research into a client centred treatment. Key elements were multidisciplinary meetings, transcending diagnosis, flexibility and collaboration with other care providers. Clinical records showed a complex patient population and significant treatment effect.ConclusionsThe group of emerging adults accessing the YMH team can be described as a patient group with a high diversity and complexity of disorders and problems. Continuity of care was met when patients turned 18, allowing treatments to be successfully performed by the same team of professionals using a client‐centred approach.
A method for outlier detection based on cluster analysis and visual expert criteria
Authors: Lara Juan A. , Lizcano David , Rampérez Víctor , Soriano Javier 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOutlier detection is an important problem occurring in a wide range of areas. Outliers are the outcome of fraudulent behaviour, mechanical faults, human error, or simply natural deviations. Many data mining applications perform outlier detection, often as a preliminary step in order to filter out outliers and build more representative models. In this paper, we propose an outlier detection method based on a clustering process. The aim behind the proposal outlined in this paper is to overcome the specificity of many existing outlier detection techniques that fail to take into account the inherent dispersion of domain objects. The outlier detection method is based on four criteria designed to represent how human beings (experts in each domain) visually identify outliers within a set of objects after analysing the clusters. This has an advantage over other clustering‐based outlier detection techniques that are founded on a purely numerical analysis of clusters. Our proposal has been evaluated, with satisfactory results, on data (particularly time series) from two different domains: stabilometry, a branch of medicine studying balance‐related functions in human beings and electroencephalography (EEG), a neurological exploration used to diagnose nervous system disorders. To validate the proposed method, we studied method outlier detection and efficiency in terms of runtime. The results of regression analyses confirm that our proposal is useful for detecting outlier data in different domains, with a false positive rate of less than 2% and a reliability greater than 99%.
Enhanced processivity of Dnmt1 by monoubiquitinated histone H3
Authors: Mishima Yuichi , Brueckner Laura , Takahashi Saori , Kawakami Toru , Otani Junji , Shinohara Akira , Takeshita Kohei , Garvilles Ronald Garingalao , Watanabe Mikio , Sakai Norio , Takeshima Hideyuki , Nachtegael Charlotte , Nishiyama Atsuya , Nakanishi Makoto , Arita Kyohei , Nakashima Kinichi , Hojo Hironobu , Suetake Isao 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDNA methylation controls gene expression, and once established, DNA methylation patterns are faithfully copied during DNA replication by the maintenance DNA methyltransferase Dnmt1. In vivo, Dnmt1 interacts with Uhrf1, which recognizes hemimethylated CpGs. Recently, we reported that Uhrf1‐catalyzed K18‐ and K23‐ubiquitinated histone H3 binds to the N‐terminal region (the replication focus targeting sequence, RFTS) of Dnmt1 to stimulate its methyltransferase activity. However, it is not yet fully understood how ubiquitinated histone H3 stimulates Dnmt1 activity. Here, we show that monoubiquitinated histone H3 stimulates Dnmt1 activity toward DNA with multiple hemimethylated CpGs but not toward DNA with only a single hemimethylated CpG, suggesting an influence of ubiquitination on the processivity of Dnmt1. The Dnmt1 activity stimulated by monoubiquitinated histone H3 was additively enhanced by the Uhrf1 SRA domain, which also binds to RFTS. Thus, Dnmt1 activity is regulated by catalysis (ubiquitination)‐dependent and ‐independent functions of Uhrf1.
Hemodialysis‐associated soft tissue amyloidomas of the chest and abdominal wall
Authors: Nasir Junaid , Der Mesropian Paul J. , Foulke Llewellyn , Salman Loay , Haqqie Syed , Shaikh Gulvahid 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAmyloidoma is a highly unusual presentation of amyloidosis in tumoral or nodular form. Isolated soft tissue amyloidomas in individuals with end‐stage renal disease on chronic hemodialysis is exceedingly rare, particularly in the era of advanced dialysis technologies. We report the case of a 55‐year‐old male with end‐stage renal disease due to autosomal‐dominant polycystic kidney disease, on HD for over 30 years, who was found to have soft‐tissue, dialysis‐related (β2‐microglobulin) amyloidomas (DRA). He presented with painful, palpable masses within the thoracic and abdominal walls. Serum β2‐microglobulin level was only mildly elevated at 24.9 mg/L. Biopsy confirmed amyloidosis with positivity for Congo Red staining and apple‐green birefringence under polarized light. Amyloid subtyping with immunohistochemistry showed positive β2‐microglobulin staining within the deposits. Conservative therapy involving pain management and close monitoring resulted in eventual improvement in symptoms and thus proved to be a viable option for treatment.
Cognitive Biases & Errors in Headache Medicine
Authors: Gottschalk Christopher H. 
Published: November 2019

PremiseIn recent years, the importance and prevalence of cognitive biases has gained scholarly attention in medicine as well as management science regarding a wide range of human activities.ProblemThe purpose of this review is to illustrate some of the many areas of Headache Medicine that exemplify some of these areas and to highlight the fact that our discipline is, in some cases, apparently more prone to some of these biases than other areas of clinical medicine.Potential SolutionThe lack of prospective studies to identify and address unconscious cognitive processes that skew the process of clinical headache management indicates that this is a field of investigation that is ripe for attention.
Art Education for the Development of Complex Thinking Metacompetence: A Theoretical Approach
Authors: Silva Pacheco Cristián 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article proposes to explore the relationships between art education and the development of complex thinking (proposed as metacompetence in this study) from a theoretical perspective. This is an approach that arises from contemporary conceptions about art, which is an intrinsic relationship between the artwork and the creative and critical character towards representation systems. Emphasising the definition of complex thinking proposed by Mathew Lipman serves as a guiding axis to try to establish the cognitive processes that compose it. Among the main findings is that the development of complex thinking and cognition occurs through action and interaction with the environment, thus linking to the notions of ‘situated competence’ and the ‘complex approach to competences’. By including cognitive and metacognitive processes, it allows us to postulate complex thinking as metacompetence. In addition, it is proposed that the use of learning methodologies (under a competence‐based approach) could contribute to an art education where students produce artistic works that involve critical, creative processes or divergent results. It is also necessary that both the curriculum and the teachers encourage an expanded and interdisciplinary vision, understanding that art is not circumscribed to a specific discipline.
Dexmedetomidine post‐treatment attenuates cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting apoptosis through HIF‐1α signalling
Authors: Peng Ke , Chen Wei‐rong , Xia Fan , Liu Hong , Meng Xiao‐wen , Zhang Juan , Liu Hua‐yue , Xia Zheng‐yuan , Ji Fu‐hai 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) plays a critical role in the apoptotic process during cardiac ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study aimed to investigate whether post‐treatment with dexmedetomidine (DEX) could protect against I/R‐induced cardiac apoptosis in vivo and in vitro via regulating HIF‐1α signalling pathway. Rat myocardial I/R was induced by occluding the left anterior descending artery for 30 minutes followed by 6‐hours reperfusion, and cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) was induced by oxygen‐glucose deprivation for 6 hours followed by 3‐hours reoxygenation. Dexmedetomidine administration at the beginning of reperfusion or reoxygenation attenuated I/R‐induced myocardial injury or H/R‐induced cell death, alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes, inhibited the activation of HIF‐1α and modulated the expressions of apoptosis‐related proteins including BCL‐2, BAX, BNIP3, cleaved caspase‐3 and cleaved PARP. Conversely, the HIF‐1α prolyl hydroxylase‐2 inhibitor IOX2 partly blocked DEX‐mediated cardioprotection both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, DEX down‐regulated HIF‐1α expression at the post‐transcriptional level and inhibited the transcriptional activation of the target gene BNIP3. Post‐treatment with DEX protects against cardiac I/R injury in vivo and H/R injury in vitro. These effects are, at least in part, mediated via the inhibition of cell apoptosis by targeting HIF‐1α signalling.
Severity of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Distress in Dementia among Older People in Central Africa (EPIDEMCA Study)
Authors: Yoro‐Zohoun Inès , Houinato Dismand , Nubukpo Philippe , Mbelesso Pascal , Ndamba‐Bandzouzi Bébène , Clément Jean‐Pierre , Dartigues Jean‐François , Preux Pierre‐Marie , Guerchet Maëlenn ,   for the EPIDEMCA Group
Published: November 2019

OBJECTIVESNeuropsychiatric symptoms are common in dementia. Limited data are available concerning their association with dementia in developing countries. Our aim was to describe the severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms among older people, evaluate the distress experienced by caregivers, and assess which neuropsychiatric symptoms were specifically associated with dementia among older adults in Central Africa.DESIGNThis study is part of the EPIDEMCA program, a cross‐sectional multicenter population‐based study.SETTINGThe EPIDEMCA program was conducted from November 2011 to December 2012 in urban and rural areas of the Central African Republic and the Republic of the Congo.PARTICIPANTSParticipants were older people (≥65 y) included in the EPIDEMCA program who underwent a neuropsychiatric evaluation. The sample included overall 532 participants, of whom 130 participants had dementia.MEASUREMENTSNeuropsychiatric symptoms were assessed with the brief version of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory including the evaluation of severity and associated distress. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed., Text Revision, criteria were followed to diagnose dementia. A logistic regression model was used to identify associated neuropsychiatric symptoms.RESULTSThe prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms was 89.9% (95% confidence interval = 84.6‐95.1) among people living with dementia. The overall median severity score for neuropsychiatric symptoms was 9 [interquartile range [IQR] = 6‐12], and the overall median distress score was 7 [IQR = 4‐10]. Overall median scores of both severity and distress were significantly increased with the number of neuropsychiatric symptoms, the presence of dementia, and dementia severity. Depression, delusions, apathy, disinhibition, and aberrant motor behavior were associated with dementia after multivariate analysis.CONCLUSIONThis report is one of the few population‐based studies on neuropsychiatric symptoms among older people with dementia in Sub‐Saharan Africa and the first one evaluating the severity of those symptoms and distress experienced by caregivers. Individual neuropsychiatric symptoms were strongly associated with dementia in older people and require great attention considering their burden on populations. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:180–185, 2019
Assessment of changes in biophysical parameters by dermocosmetic emulgel loaded with Cinnamomum tamala extract: A split‐faced and placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Arshad Wajeeha , Khan Haji Muhammad Shoaib , Akhtar Naveed , Nawaz Mehwish 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundPhenolic and flavonoid compounds found in plants alleviate the photo‐damaging skin conditions by playing a major role in skin rejuvenation.AimsThe aim of the study was to explore the cosmeceutical effects of Cinnamomum tamala extract.ObjectiveRecent research was aimed to quantify phenols and flavonoids in the natural extract of C tamala leaves, to develop its phyto‐cosmetic emulgel and to assess effects of emulgel on healthy human skin.MethodPhenols and flavonoids in C tamala (CT) extract were quantified by using ELISA assay. Emulgel formulation loaded with 4% C tamala (CT emulgel) was developed, and its cosmetic effects were evaluated on the cheeks of 13 healthy female test volunteers by comparing with placebo (base). Facial parameters including melanin, erythema, sebum, and visible facial pores (size and area) were studied by using Mexameter®, Sebumeter®, and VisioFace® at regular interval for 90 days.ResultsTotal phenolic content and total flavonoids content of C tamala leaves extract were found to be 73.08 ± 0.0078 mg GAE/g and 52.63 ± 0.0060 mg QE/g CT extract respectively. As compared to placebo (base), CT emulgel was found to be significantly (P ≤ .05) effective in minimizing skin photo‐damaging effects by reducing the levels of melanin, erythema, and sebum and size and count of both fine and large facial pores.ConclusionCinnamomum tamala leaves extract, being a rich source of phenols and flavonoids minimized the photo‐damaging effects by reducing skin melanin, erythema, and excess sebum; improving the skin imperfections by reducing facial pore count and area as assessed by advanced imaging and bioengineering techniques.
Continued Cohabitation After the Decision to Separate: “Living Together Apart” in France
Authors: Rault Wilfried , Régnier‐Loilier Arnaud 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis article examines situations where couples continue to live together under the same roof after deciding to separate.BackgroundSeparation is most often approached by researchers as a one‐off, clearly identifiable event. However, qualitative studies have shown that it is also a process and may include a period when the former partners continue to cohabit. This phenomenon is known as “Living Together Apart” (LTA).MethodFor the first time, data from the French survey of individual and conjugal trajectories (Etude des parcours individuels et conjugaux) conducted in 2013 and 2014 by the French Institute for Demographic Studies and the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies provide an opportunity to study LTA in quantitative terms. The survey was administered on a random representative sample drawn from the census and included a question module on separation arrangements. The authors' analysis is based mainly on logistic regressions to estimate the probability of having continued to live together and if so for how long.ResultsThe article shows that LTA is frequent and correlated with various sociodemographic factors such as the presence of children, shared ownership of goods, type of union, and age at separation. The duration of LTA is not associated with these factors, however, except the presence of children, which increases it.ConclusionThe main reasons for this living arrangement are linked to material constraints that oblige the expartners to share the same home and a desire to preserve the parental couple despite the breakdown of the conjugal couple.