bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Perbandingan Metode Pengelasan untuk Mengendalikan Distorsi dan Tegangan Sisa – Review
Authors: Wibowo Heri 
Published: October 2020

Distortion and residual stress can have undesirable effects on weldments, such as repair work and higher fabrication costs. This study compares welding methods in reducing distortion and residual stress to obtain advantages and disadvantages. The study focused on reviewing several journals from previous research that focused on comparing welding methods. The results show that the Dynamically Controlled Low-Stress No Distortion (DC-LSND) welding method has the most significant ability to reduce distortion and residual stress and does not reduce the weld joint's fatigue resistance. The welding methods of static thermal tensioning (STT) and Transient thermal tensioning (TTT) can significantly decrease distortion and residual stress. They can improve the fatigue resistance of welded joints. The Double Side Arc Welding (DSAW) method effectively reduces distortion. However, the application in large construction welds is difficult to achieve. Distorsi dan tegangan sisa memberikan pengaruh yang tidak diinginkan pada pengelasan seperti perlunya pekerjaan perbaikan dan meningkatnya biaya fabrikasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah membandingkan metode pengelasan untuk mereduksi distorsi dan tegangan sisa untuk memperoleh kelebihan dan kekurangan. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan review beberapa literatur jurnal hasil penelitian sebelumnya yang difokuskan pada perbandingan metode pengelasan dalam mereduksi distorsi dan tegangan sisa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan metode las dynamically controlled low stress no distortion (DC-LSND) memiliki kemampuan mereduksi distorsi dan tegangan sisa paling efektif dan tidak menurunkan ketahanan fatik sambungan las, metode las static thermal tensioning (STT) dan transient thermal tensioning (TTT) memiliki kemampuan mereduksi distorsi dan tegangan sisa dengan signifikan serta mampu meningkatkan ketahanan fatik sambungan las, metode las doublé side arc welding (DSAW) efektif mereduksi distorsi namun sulit diterapkan pada pengelasan konstruksi yang besar.
Desain Portable Android Thermometer Fever (Prometer): Termometer Non-Kontak Praktis Berbasis Android
Authors: Setyawan Bima Agung , Agustianto Tiar , Achmad Widodo Syukri Fathudin 
Published: October 2020

Vocational education plays an essential role in the corona pandemic case because it is a direct benchmark for applying science to a cultured society's environment. One of the applications is the development of tools to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The idea arises from the fact that gun thermometers, which are a vital tool to prevent pandemic spread, were scarce and expensive. The proposed solution was to develop a device called Portable Android Thermometer Fever (PROMETER), a suitable non-contact thermometer based on Android. The method was research and development. Data were analyzed using a qualitative descriptive approach. From the study results, it can be concluded that the PROMETER can be used as an accurate and practical gun-type thermometer.Pendidikan kejuruan mengambil peran penting dalam kasus pandemi corona karena pendidikan kejuruan menjadi tolak ukur pengaplikasian langsung ilmu-ilmu untuk dapat dimanfaatkan dalam lingkungan masyarakat yang berbudaya. Salah satu pengaplikasian ilmu teknologi dalam pendidikan kejuruan yakni dengan pembuatan alat atau sistem sebagai bentuk solusi pencegahan penyebaran covid-19. Dari studi kasus tentang kelangkaan dan mahalnya termometer tembak yang menjadi alat penting dalam penanganan kasus penyebaran covid-19 didapat suatu gagasan desain alat yang diberi nama Portable Android Thermometer Fever (PROMETER): Termometer Non-Kontak Praktis Berbasis Android Sebagai Alat Pemantau Suhu Badan Dalam Penanggulangan Penyebaran Covid-19. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah research and development. Dari data hasil penelitian diperoleh data yang dianalisis secara kualitatif deskriptif. Dari hasil penelitian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa Portable Android Thermometer Fever (Prometer)dapat digunakan sebagai termometer tembak yang akurat dan praktis.
Evaluating the Impact of a Risk Assessment System With Tailored Interventions in Germany: Protocol for a Prospective Study With Matched Controls
Authors: Pijl Marten , op den Buijs Jorn , Landgraf Andreas 
Published: October 2020

Background
With a worldwide increase in the elderly population, and an associated increase in health care utilization and costs, preventing avoidable emergency department visits and hospitalizations is becoming a global priority. A personal emergency response system (PERS), consisting of an alarm button and a means to establish a live connection to a response center, can help the elderly live at home longer independently. Individual risk assessment through predictive modeling can help indicate what PERS subscribers are at elevated risk of hospital transport so that early intervention becomes possible.

Objective
The aim is to evaluate whether the combination of risk scores determined through predictive modeling and targeted interventions offered by a case manager can result in a reduction of hospital admissions and health care costs for a population of German PERS subscribers. The primary outcome of the study is the difference between the number of hospitalizations in the intervention and matched control groups.

Methods
As part of the Sicher Zuhause program, an intervention group of 500 PERS subscribers will be tracked for 8 months. During this period, risk scores will be determined daily by a predictive model of hospital transport, and at-risk participants may receive phone calls from a case manager who assesses the health status of the participant and recommends interventions. The health care utilization of the intervention group will be compared to a group of matched controls, retrospectively drawn from a population of PERS subscribers who receive no interventions.

Results
Differences in health care utilization and costs between the intervention group and the matched controls will be determined based on reimbursement records. In addition, qualitative data will be collected on the participants’ satisfaction with the Sicher Zuhause program and utilization of the interventions offered as part of the program.

Conclusions
The study evaluation will offer insight into whether a combination of predictive analytics and case manager-driven interventions can help in avoiding hospital admissions and health care costs for PERS subscribers in Germany living at home independently. In the future, this may lead to improved quality of life and reduced medical costs for the population of the study.

Trial Registration
Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien (DRKS), DRKS00017328; https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00017328

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/17584
Diagnostic Accuracy of Web-Based COVID-19 Symptom Checkers: Comparison Study
Authors: Munsch Nicolas , Martin Alistair , Gruarin Stefanie , Nateqi Jama , Abdarahmane Isselmou , Weingartner-Ortner Rafael , Knapp Bernhard 
Published: October 2020

Background
A large number of web-based COVID-19 symptom checkers and chatbots have been developed; however, anecdotal evidence suggests that their conclusions are highly variable. To our knowledge, no study has evaluated the accuracy of COVID-19 symptom checkers in a statistically rigorous manner.

Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracies of web-based COVID-19 symptom checkers.

Methods
We identified 10 web-based COVID-19 symptom checkers, all of which were included in the study. We evaluated the COVID-19 symptom checkers by assessing 50 COVID-19 case reports alongside 410 non–COVID-19 control cases. A bootstrapping method was used to counter the unbalanced sample sizes and obtain confidence intervals (CIs). Results are reported as sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC).

Results
The classification task between COVID-19–positive and COVID-19–negative for “high risk” cases among the 460 test cases yielded (sorted by F1 score): Symptoma (F1=0.92, MCC=0.85), Infermedica (F1=0.80, MCC=0.61), US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (F1=0.71, MCC=0.30), Babylon (F1=0.70, MCC=0.29), Cleveland Clinic (F1=0.40, MCC=0.07), Providence (F1=0.40, MCC=0.05), Apple (F1=0.29, MCC=-0.10), Docyet (F1=0.27, MCC=0.29), Ada (F1=0.24, MCC=0.27) and Your.MD (F1=0.24, MCC=0.27). For “high risk” and “medium risk” combined the performance was: Symptoma (F1=0.91, MCC=0.83) Infermedica (F1=0.80, MCC=0.61), Cleveland Clinic (F1=0.76, MCC=0.47), Providence (F1=0.75, MCC=0.45), Your.MD (F1=0.72, MCC=0.33), CDC (F1=0.71, MCC=0.30), Babylon (F1=0.70, MCC=0.29), Apple (F1=0.70, MCC=0.25), Ada (F1=0.42, MCC=0.03), and Docyet (F1=0.27, MCC=0.29).

Conclusions
We found that the number of correctly assessed COVID-19 and control cases varies considerably between symptom checkers, with different symptom checkers showing different strengths with respect to sensitivity and specificity. A good balance between sensitivity and specificity was only achieved by two symptom checkers.
Performance of Digital Contact Tracing Tools for COVID-19 Response in Singapore: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Huang Zhilian , Guo Huiling , Lee Yee-Mun , Ho Eu Chin , Ang Hou , Chow Angela 
Published: October 2020

BackgroundEffective contact tracing is labor intensive and time sensitive during the COVID-19 pandemic, but also essential in the absence of effective treatment and vaccines. Singapore launched the first Bluetooth-based contact tracing app—TraceTogether—in March 2020 to augment Singapore’s contact tracing capabilities.ObjectiveThis study aims to compare the performance of the contact tracing app—TraceTogether—with that of a wearable tag-based real-time locating system (RTLS) and to validate them against the electronic medical records at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases (NCID), the national referral center for COVID-19 screening.MethodsAll patients and physicians in the NCID screening center were issued RTLS tags (CADI Scientific) for contact tracing. In total, 18 physicians were deployed to the NCID screening center from May 10 to May 20, 2020. The physicians activated the TraceTogether app (version 1.6; GovTech) on their smartphones during shifts and urged their patients to use the app. We compared patient contacts identified by TraceTogether and those identified by RTLS tags within the NCID vicinity during physicians’ 10-day posting. We also validated both digital contact tracing tools by verifying the physician-patient contacts with the electronic medical records of 156 patients who attended the NCID screening center over a 24-hour time frame within the study period.ResultsRTLS tags had a high sensitivity of 95.3% for detecting patient contacts identified either by the system or TraceTogether while TraceTogether had an overall sensitivity of 6.5% and performed significantly better on Android phones than iPhones (Android: 9.7%, iPhone: 2.7%; P<.001). When validated against the electronic medical records, RTLS tags had a sensitivity of 96.9% and specificity of 83.1%, while TraceTogether only detected 2 patient contacts with physicians who did not attend to them.ConclusionsTraceTogether had a much lower sensitivity than RTLS tags for identifying patient contacts in a clinical setting. Although the tag-based RTLS performed well for contact tracing in a clinical setting, its implementation in the community would be more challenging than TraceTogether. Given the uncertainty of the adoption and capabilities of contact tracing apps, policy makers should be cautioned against overreliance on such apps for contact tracing. Nonetheless, leveraging technology to augment conventional manual contact tracing is a necessary move for returning some normalcy to life during the long haul of the COVID-19 pandemic.
ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCE CLIMATE FACTORS OF THE FAR NORTH ON MORBIDITY OF OPHTHALMIC PROFILE AMONG THE CHILDREN’S POPULATION OF THE ARCHIPELAGO NEW LAND
Authors: Mishin I. Yu. , Doktorova T. A. 
Published: October 2020

Purpose. To conduct a study of the impact of the Arctic climate on the organ of vision. The results of the study show a high incidence rate according to the ophthalmic profile among the children of the New Land archipelago. Conclusion. Practical recommendations for preventing the development of diseases of the organ of vision in children living in the Arctic are offered.
ANALYSIS OF CENTRAL SELF-FUNCTIONS AS PREDICTORS OF ADAPTATION IN NAVAL SPECIALISTS FROM DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS
Authors: Soshkin P. A. , Belov V. G. , Zabrodskyi D. S. 
Published: October 2020

Introduction. The study of the central self-functions, manifested by an integral system of forms of mental activity, is highly relevant in terms of optimizing the adaptation of naval specialists.Purpose: to assess the central self-functions as predictors of adaptation in naval specialists from different age groups. Materials and methods. 159 naval specialists were examined, divided into 3 age groups — group 1 (n=33) — persons aged 25 to 30 years, group 2 (n=68) — persons aged 31 to 40 years, and the third group (n=58) — persons aged 41 to 45 years, whose central self-functions were studied using Ammon’s self-structural test. Results and discussion. It has been established that the constructive central I-functions of naval specialists contribute to the optimization of the adaptation of naval specialists, while the destructive central I-functions prevent this. The deficient central self-functions of naval specialists occupy an intermediate position between constructive and destructive indicators.Conclusion. To optimize the adaptation of naval specialists, it is advisable to carry out corrective measures aimed at shifting the central self-functions towards design indicators.
Zeitgeist À Direita: O Viés Neoliberal Dos Movimentos Conservadores E Sua Influência Na Definição de Políticas Públicas
Authors: Azevedo Junior Ary de Castro 
Published: October 2020

ResumoO crescimento de movimentos conservadores baseados em valores neoliberais, que reduzem a relevância do Estado ao propor a substituição de variados serviços públicos, oferecidos por entidades governamentais, por empresas privadas, segue um roteiro baseado na redução de direitos sociais e na ampliação da área de atuação de organizações privadas, que agora ocupam o espaço antes restrito a órgãos públicos. Isto é realizado através de ações coordenadas por organizações (think tanks) que influenciam a opinião pública e a classe política. Para entender esse processo, foram realizadas pesquisas exploratórias, de caráter documental, indicando a forma de atuação destas organizações no agendamento da mídia e, conseqüentemente, influenciando a opinião da sociedade, a fim de naturalizar a substituição de serviços públicos por serviços privatizados.
Evaluasi Dosis Fraksionasi Sinar Gamma dalam Melemahkan Parasit Malaria Plasmodium berghei pada Mencit untuk Pengembangan Vaksin Iradiasi
Authors: Syaifudin Mukh , Mahmudah Hartati , Kisnanto Teja , Tetriana Devita , Nurhayati Siti , Nurhayati Tur , Rahardjo Tur , Darliana Darliana 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Malaria is still a big problem in Indonesia so that the development of vaccine is urgently needed. However, the immunity is not fully obtained in host that may be due to high dose of irradiation to parasites. This study aimed to determine the infectiveness of Plasmodium berghei malaria parasite in mice after being irradiated with gamma fractionated dose of 0 Gy, 100+50, 100+75 and 100+100 Gy at a dose rate of 717 Gy/h. Observation of the percentage of parasitic appearance forms (parasitemia) such as trophozoite (including ring) and schizont was done on thin blood smears stained by Giemsa from observation day 2 to 20 post injection. The results showed that fractionated irradiation was effectively suppressed the growth of parasites in the blood of mice for all treatment groups except the fractionation dose of 100+75 Gy. Mice injected with a dose of 100+100 Gy have a stable body weight during days of observation, supported by a relatively normal macroscopic appearance of the liver and spleen. It was concluded that fractionated dose of 100+100 Gy is most effectively weakened the parasite for malaria vaccine material supported by body weight stability and better condition of liver-lymph organ.
AbstrakMalaria masih merupakan pemasalahan besar di Indonesia sehingga pengembangan vaksin sangat diperlukan. Akan tetapi, imunitas pada inang belum sepenuhnya diperoleh yang kemungkinan disebabkan oleh tingginya dosis iradiasi pada parasit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya infektif parasit malaria Plasmodium berghei pada mencit setelah diiradiasi gamma fraksinasi 0 Gy, 100+50, 100+75 dan 100+100 Gy pada laju dosis 717 Gy/jam. Diamati persentase kemunculan bentuk-bentuk parasit (parasitemia) seperti tropozoit (termasuk cincin) dan skizon pada apusan darah tipis yang diwarnai Giemsa, dari hari pengamatan ke-2 hingga 20 pasca penyuntikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa iradiasi fraksinasi efektif menekan pertumbuhan parasit dalam darah mencit untuk semua perlakuan kecuali dosis fraksinasi 100+75 Gy. Mencit disuntik dosis 100+100 Gy memiliki berat badan yang stabil selama pengamatan, didukung oleh tampilan makroskopis hati dan limpa yang relatif normal. Disimpulkan bahwa iradiasi fraksinasi 100+100 Gy paling efektif melemahkan parasit sebagai bahan vaksin malaria, didukung oleh kestabilan berat badan dan kondisi organ hati-limpa yang lebih baik.
PREVALENSI GIARDIASIS DAN KONDISI HYGIENE PERORANGAN PADA MURID PAUD DI KB-TK AL AMIN PACIRAN LAMONGAN
Authors: Nengsih Dwi Septia , Saputro Sigit Ari , Diyanah Khuliyah Candraning 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Small intestine infection caused by Giardia lamblia (giardiasis) occurs mostly in children living in developing country with poor sanitation. This study aims to determine the risk of giardiasis and personal hygiene conditions in pre-school students at KB-TK Al Amin Paciran Lamongan aged 2-6 years. Number of samples were 61 students, the dependent variable was the incidence of giardiasis, and independent variable was personal hygiene including nail hygiene, hand washing habit, footwear habit, and defecating habits. The result showed that 5 out of 61 students (8,2%) were infected with Giardia lamblia. All children (100%) with giardiasis had poor nail hygiene, footwear habit, and defecating habit. As many as 80% of students with giardiasis have poor handwashing habits. Students with poor footwear habit (OR=43,71; 95% CI 3,98-2046,9); open defecation habits (OR=13,33; 95% CI 1,40-628,05); poor nail hygiene (OR=12,31; 95% CI 1,29-580,49); poor hand washing habits (OR=5,73; 95% CI 0,5-290,96) had a greater risk of developing giardiasis. Supervision and healthy behavior are highly recommended, including using footwear when playing on the ground, defecating in the latrine, maintaining nail hygiene, and washing hands with soap before eating or after defecating.
Keywords: Prevalence, giardiasis, personal hygiene, pre-school students

ABSTRAK
Infeksi usus halus disebabkan oleh Giardia lamblia (giardiasis) banyak terjadi pada anak-anak yang tinggal di negara berkembang dengan tingkat sanitasi buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui risiko terjadinya giardiasis dan kondisi hygiene perorangan pada murid PAUD di KB-TK Al Amin Paciran Lamongan usia 2-6 tahun. Jumlah sampel adalah 61 murid, variabel dependen adalah kejadian giardiasis, dan variabel independen adalah hygiene perorangan meliputi kebersihan kuku, kebiasaan mencuci tangan, kebiasaan menggunakan alas kaki, dan kebiasaan buang air besar (BAB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 5 dari 61 murid (8,2%) terinfeksi Giardia lamblia. Seluruh murid (100%) dengan giardiasis mempunyai kebersihan kuku, kebiasaan menggunakan alas kaki dan kebiasaan BAB yang kurang baik. Sebanyak 80% murid dengan giardiasis mempunyai kebiasaan mencuci tangan yang kurang baik. Murid dengan kebiasaan menggunakan alas kaki kurang baik (OR=43,71; 95% CI 3,98–2046,9); kebiasaan BAB sembarangan (OR=13,33; 95% CI 1,40–628,05); kebersihan kuku kurang baik (OR=12,31; 95% CI 1,29-580,49); kebiasaan mencuci tangan yang kurang baik (OR=5,73; 95% CI 0,5–290,96) mempunyai risiko lebih besar terkena giardiasis. Pengawasan dan berperilaku hidup sehat sangat dianjurkan antara lain menggunakan alas kaki ketika bermain di tanah, membiasakan BAB di jamban, menjaga kebersihan kuku, dan mencuci tangan dengan sabun sebelum makan atau setelah buang air besar.
Kata kunci: Prevalensi, giardiasis, hygiene perorangan, murid PAUD
EFEKTIFITAS CAMPURAN RENDAMAN JERAMI (ORYZA SATIVA L) DAN TEMEFOS SEBAGAI ATRAKTAN TERHADAP LETHAL OVITRAP AEDES AEGYPTI L
Authors: Ridha Muhammad Rasyid , Hairani Budi , Meliyanie Gusti , Sembiring Wulan Rasna Giri , Fadilly Abdullah , Rosanji Akhmad 
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACT
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a global health problem and can be transmitted through vectors, namely Aedes aegypti. One of the controls can be through lethal ovitrap combined with attractant. This study aims to compare the percentage of trapped eggs, the number of eggs hatched, and larval mortality in the lethal ovitrap that were given two additional types of attractants. The insecticides used were temephos, while the attractants used were 20% straw soaking water, and water that Ae. aegypti have used to lay eggs. The type of research is an experiment with a completely randomized design. The sample used was female mosquito of Ae. aegypti that is full of blood from laboratory colonization. The results showed that straw soaking water was more influential attractant than the former Ae. aegypti colonization water in attracting Ae. aegypti mosquitoes to lay eggs. The highest larval mortality was found in a combination of lethal ovitrap with straw soaking water. Statistically there is an influence of the type of attractant on hatchability and the development of Ae. aegypti into adult mosquitoes. The combination of lethal ovitrap and attractant of straw soaking water can be an alternative control strategy for DHF program managers to reduce the density of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes and minimize transmission of dengue hemorrhagic fever in an area.
Keywords: Aedes aegypti, attractant, lethal ovitrap, straw soaking water

ABSTRAK
Demam berdarah dengue merupakan masalah kesehatan global dan dapat ditularkan melalui vektor yaitu Aedes aegypti. Salah satu pengendaliannya dapat melalui lethal ovitrap yang dipadukan dengan atraktan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan persentase jumlah telur terperangkap, jumlah telur menetas, dan mortalitas larva pada lethal ovitrap yang diberi tambahan dua jenis atraktan. Insektisida yang digunakan adalah temefos, sedangkan atraktan yang digunakan adalah air rendaman jerami dengan konsentrasi 20%, dan air bekas kolonisasi/telur larva Ae. aegypti. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap. Sampel yang digunakan adalah nyamuk Ae. aegypti betina yang kenyang darah hasil kolonisasi di laboratorium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa air rendaman jerami merupakan atraktan yang lebih berpengaruh dibandingkan air bekas kolonisasi Ae. aegypti dalam menarik nyamuk Ae. aegypti untuk bertelur. Mortalitas larva tertinggi terdapat pada kombinasi lethal ovitrap dengan air rendaman jerami. Secara statistik ada pengaruh jenis atraktan terhadap daya tetas dan perkembangan Ae. aegypti menjadi nyamuk dewasa. Kombinasi lethal ovitrap dengan atraktan air rendaman jerami dapat menjadi strategi pengendalian alternatif bagi pengelola program DBD untuk mengurangi kepadatan nyamuk Ae. aegypti dan meminimalisasi transmisi penyakit demam berdarah dengue di suatu wilayah.
Kata kunci: Aedes aegypti, atraktan, lethal ovitrap, rendaman jerami