bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Arrhythmias in Patients With Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction
Authors: Chitturi Kalyan R. , Kumar Sant , Hill Andrew P. , Lorente‐Ros Marta , Cellamare Matteo , Merdler Ilan , Abusnina Waiel , Haberman Dan , Lupu Lior , Chaturvedi Abhishek , Ozturk Sevket Tolga , Cermak Vijoli , Sawant Vaishnavi , Zhang Cheng , Ben‐Dor Itsik , Tsimploulis Apostolos , Waksman Ron , Hashim Hayder D. , Case Brian C. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCoronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is an important cause of angina with nonobstructive coronary arteries (ANOCA). It is unclear whether CMD is associated with arrhythmia.AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of arrhythmias in patients with ANOCA and CMD compared to those in patients with ANOCA without CMD.MethodsIn this observational study of the Coronary Microvascular Disease Registry (NCT05960474), patients with ANOCA who underwent invasive coronary functional assessment for CMD were included. The diagnosis of arrhythmia was based on 12‐lead electrocardiography (ECG), or clinical diagnosis accompanied by ECG evidence within 1 year before CMD evaluation.ResultsThe study included 262 patients; 66 (25.2%) were CMD‐positive. Patients with CMD were older, and there was no difference in history of heart failure and baseline left ventricular ejection fraction compared to those without CMD. Premature atrial contractions (PACs) (25.8% vs. 5.6%; p < 0.001), supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) (24.2% vs. 6.6%; p < 0.001), premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) (43.9% vs. 10.7%; p < 0.001), nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) (28.8% vs. 3.1%; p < 0.001), and accelerated idioventricular rhythm (9.1% vs. 2.6%; = 0.02) were more common in CMD‐positive patients. In a multivariate analysis adjusting for baseline differences and other variables clinically associated with arrhythmia, CMD was associated with PACs (odds ratio [OR]: 4.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.8–11.9), SVT (OR: 3.5; 95% CI: 1.5–8.6), PVCs (OR: 5.9; 95% CI: 2.6–13.0), and NSVT (OR: 9.5; 95% CI: 3.2–27.7).ConclusionPatients with ANOCA and CMD have a higher likelihood of arrhythmias, especially ventricular arrhythmias.
Impact of X‐Ray Protective Drapes on Operator and Patient Radiation Exposure During Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: de Ceuninck Michel , Dujardin Karl , Vanhaverbeke Maarten , Muyldermans Philip , de Walle Stefaan Van , Pauwelyn Maarten , Bergez Bernard , Desimpel Francine , Vanderheeren Philippe , Dekerpel Filip , Kamoen Victor , Beveren Jan Van , Bruneel Wim , Coillie Patrick Van , Cokelaere Benny 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAs cardiac catheterization operators are exposed to radiation exposure throughout their careers, optimal radiation protection is crucial. Our study was designed to assess the effects of supplementary protective measures beyond standard radiation protection attire and barriers, measuring their influence on scatter radiation exposure levels for both the operator and the patient.AimsThe objective of this trial is to assess the impact of a lead shield on scatter radiation exposure for both the operator and the patient.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, randomized clinical trial in which procedures were allocated to incorporate the use of a reusable lead apron designed to shield the lower body of the patient. Both operators and patients were outfitted with real‐time procedure‐specific dosimeters to monitor exposure. All patients undergoing radial access procedures were entered into a randomization process. The study's dual primary outcomes included the relative operator dose above (RODt) and under (RODu) the protective gear, as well as the scatter patient radiation dose (RPD), which was calculated as the measured radiation exposure (µSv) standardized against the dose area product (DAP).ResultsOut of 400 procedures that were randomized, data from 346 procedures was complete for analysis. The use of the pelvic shield resulted in a substantial decrease in the RODt and RODu, with reductions of 25% and 40%, respectively (p < 0.0001). There was also a 38% reduction observed in the scatter RPD. In patients with a high BMI, the effectiveness of the pelvic shield varied.ConclusionEmploying an auxiliary pelvic shield significantly diminishes scatter radiation exposure for both the operator and the patient.
Gender‐Related Outcomes in Saphenous Vein Graft Interventions
Authors: Osherov Azriel , Perl Leor , Gallego‐Colon Enrique , Furman Aryel , Bental Tamir , Levi Amos , Vaknin‐Assa Hana , Codner Pablo , Kornowski Ran , Kheifets Mark 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundSaphenous vein graft percutaneous coronary intervention (SVG‐PCI) is a relatively common procedure in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Although internal mammary artery is considered optimal, SVG is still used in the majority of patients.AimsInvestigating the potential role of gender differences in the incidence and outcomes of SVG‐PCI.MethodsThe study was based on a prospectively collected registry of 1199 consecutive patients (169 female) who underwent SVG‐PCI in a tertiary medical center between 2004 and 2023. Primary outcomes included MACE (death, myocardial infarction [MI], target vessel revascularization [TVR], stroke) and mortality, at 1 and 3 years.ResultsFemale patients were older (73.6 ± 9.1 years vs. 70.6 ± 9.7 years, p < 0.001), suffered from higher rates of diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular disease, and congestive heart failure (78.1% vs. 61.3% p < 0.001, 13.6% vs. 7% p < 0.003, 66.3% vs. 51.8% p < 0.001 respectively). Additionally, female patients had lower trans‐radial access use (11.9% vs. 19.3%, p < 0.025), and underwent SVG‐PCI earlier following their CABG procedure (11.3 ± 6.2 years vs 12.9 ± 6.1 years, p < 0.003), as compared to male patients. There were no differences in MACE rates between the groups. Mortality was higher in the female group at 1 year (13.6% vs. 6.9%, p = 0.003), but no significant differences were observed at 3 years (24.3% vs. 20.9%, p = 0.320). Cox regression analysis identified age, renal function, ejection fraction, MI and trans‐femoral as independent risk factors for mortality.ConclusionGender‐specific monitoring and early intervention, especially for women, are required for better management of graft patency, potentially improving long‐term outcomes.
Association of Proximal Vessel Tortuosity with Technical Success and Clinical Outcomes: Analysis From the Progress‐CTO Registry
Authors: Strepkos Dimitrios , Rempakos Athanasios , Alexandrou Michaella , Mutlu Deniz , Carvalho Pedro E. P. , Bahbah Ali , Kostantinis Spyridon , Choi James W. , Gorgulu Sevket , Jaffer Farouc A. , Chandwaney Raj , Alaswad Khaldoon , Basir Mir B. , Azzalini Lorenzo , Ozdemir Ramazan , Uluganyan Mahmut , Khatri Jaikirshan , Young Laura , Poommipanit Paul , Aygul Nazif , Davies Rhian , Krestyaninov Oleg , Khelimskii Dmitrii , Goktekin Omer , Tuner Hasim , Rafeh Nidal Abi , Elguindy Ahmed , Rangan Bavana V. , Mastrodemos Olga C. , Voudris Konstantinos , Al‐Ogaili Ahmed , Burke M. Nicholas , Sandoval Yader , Brilakis Emmanouil S. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundProximal vessel tortuosity can hinder wiring and equipment delivery during chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).AimsWe sought to examine the association of proximal vessel tortuosity with the short and long‐term outcomes of patients undergoing CTO PCI.MethodsWe examined the association of proximal vessel tortuosity with clinical outcomes in patients who underwent CTO PCI at 50 US and non‐US centers between 2012 and 2024.ResultsOf 14,141 patients, 3,974 (28.1%) had moderate or severe proximal vessel tortuosity. Patients with moderate or severe proximal vessel tortuosity had more comorbidities and more complex angiographic characteristics, such as longer lesion length and higher prevalence of side branch at the proximal cap. Lesions with moderate or severe proximal tortuosity required greater procedure and fluoroscopy time. On unadjusted analyses, moderate/severe proximal vessel tortuosity was associated with lower technical success and higher incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE). In multivariable analysis, moderate/severe proximal vessel tortuosity was associated with lower technical success (odds ratio [OR]: 0.77; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.67, 0.89) but similar MACE (OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.73). Higher operator volume (≥ 30 CTO PCI cases per year) was associated with higher technical (85.2% vs. 75.6%, p < 0.001) and procedural success (83.6% vs. 74.5%, p < 0.001) but also higher risk of perforation (6.49% vs. 3.57%, p < 0.001) but not pericardiocentesis, in lesions with moderate/severe proximal vessel tortuosity.ConclusionsModerate or severe proximal vessel tortuosity is independently associated with lower technical success in CTO PCI but not with MACE. High‐volume operators are more likely to successfully perform CTO PCI in lesions with moderate/severe tortuosity at the cost of higher risk of perforation, without higher MACE.
Management and Outcomes of Pulmonary Embolism in Women of Reproductive Age Admitted to Urban Versus Rural Areas Compared to Men
Authors: Bansal Mridul , Mehta Aryan , Ahmad Khansa , Bortnick Anna E. , Nagaraja Vinayak , Hyder Omar N. , Dawn Abbott J. , Vallabhajosyula Saraschandra 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTThere are limited and conflicting data on sex and urban‐rural disparities in outcomes of patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) in the reproductive age group. Our object was to assess sex disparities in the reproductive age group cohort. All adult non‐elective admissions in the reproductive age group (18−49 years) with a primary diagnosis of PE and with no missing sex/age data were identified using the National Inpatient Sample. Females and males were stratified into rural and urban location based on hospital information. Outcomes of interest included in‐hospital mortality, complication rates, variations in management, total hospitalization costs, and length of stay. During 01/01/2016 to 12/31/2020, 180,898 PE admissions aged 18−49 years were identified (rural—12,319 [6.8%]). Females comprised 54.8% and 55.1% of the rural and urban cohorts, respectively. Overall, compared to males, females in urban and rural regions had largely comparable rates of definitive PE interventions, except lower rates of catheter directed therapy (4.7 vs. 3.6%, p < 0.001) in females admitted to urban hospitals. Despite younger age, higher comorbidity, and lower utilization of PE interventions, females in both regions had similar unadjusted in‐hospital mortality (rural 1.1% vs. 1.0%; p = 0.93 and urban 1.8% vs. 1.7%; p = 0.78) and hospitalization costs compared to males. In conclusion, females of reproductive age group had comparable in‐hospital outcomes to males in both urban and rural areas. Females in urban areas had lower utilization of advanced PE interventions, potentially indicating selective management strategies in different settings.
Intravascular Ultrasound‐Guided Versus Angiography‐Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review, Meta‐Analysis, and Meta‐Regression of Randomized Control Trials
Authors: Ahmed Mushood , Nadeem Zain Ali , Ahsan Areeba , Javaid Hira , Jain Hritvik , Shahid Farhan , Ahmed Raheel , Mamas Mamas A. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIntravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) allows better assessment of coronary artery lesion characteristics than angiography alone. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to comprehensively synthesize the available evidence regarding the efficacy of IVUS guidance compared to angiography‐guided PCI.MethodsA comprehensive literature search of major bibliographic databases from inception until April 2024 was conducted to identify randomized control trials (RCTs) comparing IVUS‐guided PCI versus angiography‐guided PCI. Risk ratios (RR) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using the random‐effects model, with a p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.ResultsFifteen RCTs were included with 9354 patients undergoing PCI. IVUS‐guided PCI was associated with a lower risk of cardiac death [RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.72], major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) [RR 0.64, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.80], myocardial infarction [RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.94], stent thrombosis [RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.81], target lesion revascularization [RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.75], and target vessel revascularization [RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.69] compared to angiography‐guided PCI. IVUS‐guided PCI was associated with a nonsignificant trend toward a reduced risk of all‐cause mortality [RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.58 to 1.01]. Meta‐regression showed a nonsignificant moderating effect of the duration of follow‐up, age of patients, diabetes mellitus, and acute coronary syndrome presentation of patients on pooled outcomes.ConclusionIVUS‐guided PCI reduced cardiac death, MACE, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, target lesion revascularization, and target vessel revascularization compared to angiography‐guided PCI.
Conservatively Treated Giant‐Sized Rasmussen Aneurysm: Case Report of a Rare Sequela of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Adjei Prosper , Ocran Edward Ebo , Osei‐Alomele Jerry Kevin Boafo , Abiti Belynda 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRasmussen aneurysm is a rare cause of tuberculosis‐related hemoptysis, which affects about 0.007% of the general population. This case report highlights the role of conservative treatment as a valuable therapeutic option in hemodynamically stable patients, particularly in resource‐constrained settings with limited access to endovascular embolization techniques.
A Novel Anodic Heterostructure Based on Commercial 1J50 Permalloy for Urea‐Assisted Water Splitting
Authors: Lin Li , Zhang Hongxu , Dai Zhiyong , Wan Rongchun , Fu Liming , Shan Aidang , Chen Lijia 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA commercially available magnetic metallic material, 1J50 permalloy, was employed in this work to fabricate a novel anode for the urea‐assisted electrocatalysis. Featuring the simple surface treatments of electrode substrate, including elemental leaching to modulate the Ni/Fe ratio in KSCN solution and subsequent chronopotentiometric aging in test solution, the as‐fabricated anode can deliver a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at 1.355 V (RHE) in 1 M KOH solution containing 0.33 M urea, without suffering all the disadvantages of traditional anodes, e.g., complicated fabrication process and impossible substrate regeneration. It was evidenced that Ni can be sustained at first and oxidized subsequently to form UOR‐active species in divalent or trivalent states; whereas Fe, after elemental leaching, can be mainly oxidized to form Fe3O4 with acceptable electric conductivity, and the remnant is incorporated into the lattices of Ni‐containing species for Ni–Fe synergy. Thus, the outstanding UOR performance is directly associated with the hetero‐structure composed mainly of the UOR‐active LDH decorated with the electrically conductive Fe3O4 particles and other UOR‐enhancing (oxy)hydroxides.
Assessment of Conformal Prediction and Standard Normal Distribution for Autonomous Consensus One‐Class Classification
Authors: Redd Hyrum J. , Kalivas John H. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTDetermining if target samples are members of a particular source class of samples has a large variety of applications within many disciplines. In particular, one‐class classification (OCC) is essential in many areas, such as food contamination or product authentication. There are numerous widely accepted methods for OCC, but these OCC methods involve optimizing tuning parameters such as the number of principal components (PCs). This study presents the development and application of a rigorous autonomous OCC process based on a hybrid fusion consensus technique, termed consensus OCC (Con OCC). The Con OCC method uses the new physicochemical responsive integrated similarity measure (PRISM) composed of multiple similarity measures all independent of optimization. Similarity values are fused to a single value describing the degree of sample similarity to a collection of samples. Two approaches are developed to translate each sample‐wise PRISM value to a probability of class membership: conformal prediction p‐values and z‐scores. These two methods are evaluated as separate Con OCC processes using seven datasets measured across a variety of instruments. In both cases, class membership labels are not used to set decision thresholds, and classifiers are not optimized relative to respective tuning parameters. Results indicate that z‐scoring often produces better results, but conformal prediction provides greater consistency across datasets. That is, z‐score values tend to range across datasets while conformal prediction p‐values do not.
Aspects of TBM cutterhead design and performance in very hard rock mass
Authors: Rosam Christoph , Zimmer Sebastian , Wannenmacher Helmut 
Published: December 2024

AbstractTunnel boring machines (TBMs) have revolutionized underground excavation, offering efficient, and cost‐effective solutions for tunneling projects worldwide. With an increasing demand for tunnels in geologically challenging or very hard and abrasive conditions, understanding the critical aspects of cutterhead design and its impact on TBM performance is crucial for successful tunneling operations. Little experience is documented on the performance and durability of TBM operating in “very hard” rock conditions. An unbiased performance quantification is established based on a shared understanding of hard rock conditions. The actual design of TBMs demands can only cover certain aspects of TBM–rock mass interaction, demanding further adoption and improvements of primary and secondary wear.
Biotin Conjugated Fe(III)‐Triscatecholate Complex as Tumour Targeting T1 MRI Contrast Agent via Second Sphere Water Relaxation
Authors: Duraiyarasu Maheshwaran , Senthil Kumaran S , Mayilmurugan Ramasamy 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe biotin‐conjugated Fe(III) catecholate complex [Fe(BioL)3]3−, Fe(BioL)3 (BioLH2=N‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenethyl)‐5‐((3aS,4S,6aR)‐2‐oxohexahydro‐1H‐thieno[3,4‐d]imidazol‐4‐yl)pentanamide) is reported as targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents (CAs) to increase the payload for early‐stage imaging of tumours. The high spin state and octahedral coordination of the Fe(III) complex are confirmed by EPR spectra and DFT optimized structure, respectively. The overall formation constant (log K) of Fe(BioL)3 is determined as 45, which is higher than the known, more stable complex [Fe(EDTA)]. The complex Fe(BioL)3 exhibited r1 relaxivity of 3.09±0.10 and 1.95±0.09 mM−1 s−1 at 25 °C and 37 °C, respectively, at 1.41 T and pH 7.35 via second‐sphere water interactions as due to the absence of inner water coordination. The interaction of Fe(BioL)3 with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA) displayed enhanced relaxivity of 5.16±0.15 and 10.0±0.19 mM−1 s−1, respectively, at 25 °C and pH 7.3 possibly via lengthening of rotational correlational time. The complex Fe(BioL)3 uptake studies with the avidin, a biotin‐binding protein pocket, showed 46 and 37 % enhancements of r1 and r2 relaxivities. Complex Fe(BioL)3 showed 80 % cell viability of the human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells, and 89 % of iron has been uptaken into cells.
Dehydrocoupling of Ammonia/Amine Boranes and Related Transformations Catalysed by Group 4 Metal Complexes
Authors: Rippke Mirko , Tian Ximei , Reiß Fabian , Wu Lipeng , Beweries Torsten 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAmmonia borane and amine boranes are main group analogues of alkanes, which are characterised by their large gravimetric hydrogen content. This hydrogen can be released in dehydrocoupling and dehydropolymerisation reactions to obtain B−N oligomers and polymers that are of importance as precursors for functional B−N materials. Furthermore, amine boranes are potent reagents for application in transfer hydrogenation reactions, representing a versatile, easy‐to‐handle alternative to the use of gaseous hydrogen for the reduction of organic compounds. Compared to late transition metals, complexes of readily available and comparatively inexpensive electropositive group 4 metals have been used to a much lesser extent. This review summarises the developments in the field of dehydrocoupling of amine boranes and transfer hydrogenation with these reagents, catalysed by complexes of group 4 metals. We analyse the background for these developments using examples and reaction mechanisms and provide an outlook for future developments in this field of research.
Synthesis of Lewis Acid‐Base Adducts Between Potassium Dihydrogenpnictogenides and Group 13 Lewis Acids
Authors: Dollberg Kevin , Michel Nick , Schmücker Hanne , Seus Stefan , Jakobi Celina , Richter Roman‐Malte , von Hänisch Carsten 
Published: December 2024

AbstractLewis acid‐base adducts between potassium dihydrogenpnictogenides [K(18c6)PnH2] (Pn=P, As) and Trialkylgallanes (GaMe3, GaEt3, GatBu3) as well as BH3 were synthesized. In the course of these investigations, we were able to fully characterize a row of compounds of the type [K(18c6)(thf)0‐2][PnH2(ER3)2] (E=B: R=H; E=Ga: R=Me, Et, tBu). Based on the successful syntheses of these species, we also synthesized several compounds of the composition [K(18c6)(thf)0‐2][Pn(SiMe3)2(ER3)n] (n=1, 2) starting from [KPn(SiMe3)2] (Pn=P and As) and ER3 (E=B, Al, In: R=Me; E=Ga: R=Me, Et, tBu). All isolated compounds, were examined by NMR spectroscopy, infra‐red spectroscopy and elemental analysis. A selection of the compounds presented were also examined by means of X‐ray structure analysis on the single crystal. The obtained adducts of negatively charged [PnH2]− and [Pn(SiMe3)2]− fragments with Lewis acids are a class of compounds that has scarcely been investigated to date.
Cucurbit[8]Uril‐Stabilized Charge Transfer: An Efficient Supramolecular Approach Toward a Heterogeneous Organic Photocatalyst for Aerobic Oxidation Reactions
Authors: Luo Yi , Nie Haigen , Zou Cuijuan , Fan Yan , Ni Xin‐Long 
Published: December 2024

AbstractHost‐stabilized charge transfer (HSCT) has been widely utilized in macrocycle‐derived supramolecular assemblies and architectures. However, there has been less research attention focused on the direct fabrication of pure organic photocatalysts using HSCT. Herein, four viologen derivatives (m‐PV2+, m‐BPV2+, d‐PV2+, and d‐BPV2+) with different electron donor‐acceptor (D−A) structures were synthesized. Their host‐guest complexes with cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8]) in an aqueous solution could be switched using the substituted electron donor moieties, in which the host‐guest complexes of m‐BPV2+@Q[8] and d‐BPV2+@Q[8] exhibited HSCT interactions. Control experiments revealed that the d‐BPV2+@Q[8] complex had the strongest ability to sensitize singlet oxygen (1O2). This was ascribed to the increased π‐conjugation of d‐BPV2+@Q[8], which led to more effective HSCT upon encapsulation by the Q[8] host. Consequently, the d‐BPV2+@Q[8] complex could be easily employed as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for the photooxidation reaction of thioether com‐pounds with high selectivity. In particular, d‐BPV2+@Q[8] was successfully applied to the synthesis of sulfoxide drugs, such as the con‐version of inexpensive Iberverin ($7.0 per gram) to the expensive bioactive inhibitor Iberin ($19500.0 per gram) in high yield (94 %).