bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
«L’âge des saints» : millénarisme et migration bretonne
Authors: Merdrignac Bernard 
Published: December 2019

«The Age of the Saints» : Millenarism and Breton migration.
Analyzing some Breton hagiographical files from the High Middle Ages (Vitae Samsonis, Machuti, Winwaloei ), one might enhance how Easter-connected eschatological meanings were carried about by monastic hagiographers in the 8th and 9th c. Moreover, recent research by computists has established that the so-called «Celtic » computus had been elaborated by Sulpicius Severus, and transmitted to the Churches over the Channel by Martin's followers in the Gaulish Church. The millenarist aspiration which underlies Sulpicius' speculations recovered a fresh momentum when Clovis was baptized, this event being presented as the beginning of the exspected millenium. The second Breton migration (that of the «saints») started precisely when the Frankish king converted himself. Could it be infered that if the Breton «saints» migrated to the Continent after Clovis' baptism, it was because Insular clerics accepted the idea that the conversion of the Frankish king had initiated the expected millenium ?
Maternal Kronik Hepatit B Virüs Enfeksiyonu Gebelik ve Fetal Riskleri Artırıyor Mu?
Authors: ALAY Handan , ŞAHİNER Melek , PARLAK Emine 
Published: December 2019

Amaç:
Dünyada 400 milyondan fazla kişi Hepatit B virüs (HBV)’ü ile enfektedir.
Hepatit B virüs enfeksiyonun gebeler üzerindeki etkisi açık değildir. Gebelikte Kronik HBV
varlığının gestasyonel diyabet, antepartum hemoraji, erken doğum tehdidi,
yenidoğan sarılığı, düşük doğum ağırlığı gibi maternal ve fetal riskleri
artırdığı belirtilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı HBV’nün gebelik ve fetal
riskler üzerine etkilerini araştırmaktır.

Gereç-Yöntem:
2014-2017 yılları arasında hastanemizde
canlı doğum yapan HBV ile enfekte 301 gebe ve bebeği vaka grubu; aynı
yıllarda rastgele seçilen, hastanemizde
canlı doğum yapan HBV ile enfekte
olmayan gebeler ve bebekleri kontrol grubu olarak çalışmamıza dahil edildi. Retrospektif
olarak hasta dosyalarından doğum şekli, abortus,
preeklampsi, gestasyonel diyabet, antepartum hemoraji, fetal distres, gebelik haftası, doğum
ağırlığı, intrauterin gelişme
geriliği(IUGR) gibi maternal ve fetal sonuçları analiz edildi.

Bulgular:
Çalışmaya dahil edilen 301 HBsAg pozitif gebe
kadının 189(%62,8)’inin doğum şekli normal vajinal doğum olup, 4(%1,3)’ü
diyabet, 2(%0,7)’i preeklampsi, 82(%27,2)’inde abortus öyküsü ve 5(%1,7)’inde
plesanta dekolmanı mevcuttu. HBsAg negatif hastalarla arasında istatistisel
olarak anlamlı fark tespit edilmedi(p&gt;0,05). HBsAg(+) annenin 6(%2)
bebeğinde IUGR ve 12(%40)’ında fetal distres vardı. HBsAg(+) anne bebeklerinde
fetal distres varlığını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit
ettik(p:0,036).

Sonuç:
Yapılmış bir çok çalışmada HBV enfeksiyonunun
maternal ve fetal komplikasyonları artırdığı gösterilmiş olmasına rağmen
çalışmamızda yalnızca fetal distres riskini anlamlı olarak bulduk. Çalışmamızda
dikkat çeken nokta HBV varlığının hekimin doğum şekline karar vermesini
etkilemediğini gördük.
Data on the bumblebee assemblages (Apidae: Bombus spp.) lives in lands under agri-environment commitment
Authors: Arnóczkyné Jakab Dóra , Nagy Antal 
Published: December 2019

The goal of agri-environmental schemes (AES) and greening programs are protecting and increasing biodiversity in agricultural lands. The evaluation of effectiveness of AES needs further investigations. For the purpose of investigations, species and species groups should be selected which can indicate the effects of changes in landscape use on biodiversity. Bumblebees are good indicators for this purpose.
The role of bumblebees in pollination is well studied but in the case of different crops, much less detailed data are available. In 2018, bumblebee assemblages of 44 sites belonged to 8 different agricultural and semi-natural habitat types were studied in the surroundings of Sajószöged, Tiszaújváros and Derecske.
This study provides new distribution data of 8 bumblebee species in three 10×10 km UTM cells covering the sampling area. According to our results, the alfalfa and red clover fields and semi-natural grasslands has more species rich and abundant bumblebee assemblages than different crop fields (sunflower, oilseed radish and vegetable morrow) and can help protect bumblebee assemblages of agricultural lands. Based on the collected distribution and abundance data, the role of the bumblebees in pollination of the studied crops should be re-evaluated.
Drought cycle tracking in Hungary using Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)
Authors: Mohammed Safwan A. , Harsányi Endre 
Published: December 2019

Drought is one of the natural hazard risks which badly affects both agricultural and socio-economic sectors. Hungary, which is located in Eastern Europe has been suffering from different drought cycles; therefore, the aim of this study is to analyse the rainfall data obtained from ten metrological stations (Békéscsaba, Budapest, Debrecen, Győr, Kékestető, Miskolc, Pápa, Pécs, Szeged, Siófok, Szolnok) between 1985 and 2016, by using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI).
The results showed that 2011 was recorded as the worst drought cycle of the studied period, where the SPI ranged between -0.22 (extreme drought) in Siófok, and 0.15 (no drought) in Miskolc. In a similar vein, the study highlighted the year 2010 to be the best hydrological year, when the SPI reached 0.73 (mildly wet) on average. Interestingly, the Mann-Kendall trend test for the drought cycle showed no positive trends in the study area. Finally, more investigation should be conducted into the climate change spatial drought cycle in Europe.
EVALUASI SEDIAAN EMULGEL ANTI JERAWAT TEA TREE (Melaleuca alternifolia) OIL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN HPMC SEBAGAI GELLING AGENT
Authors: Nurdianti Lusi 
Published: December 2019

<p><em>Tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil</em> memiliki terpinen-4-ol yang berfungsi sebagai antibakteri dan anti jamur yang memiliki potensi efektivitas mengobati jerawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui formulasi pembuatan sediaan dan evaluasi sediaan emugel <em>Tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil</em> dengan menggunakan <em>Hidroxy propyl methyl cellulose</em> (HPMC) sebagai <em>gelling agent.</em>Untuk memperoleh sediaan emulgel yang memiliki stabilitas baik maka dilakukan serangkaian tahapan penelitian mulai dari pengumpulan bahan baku, formulasi dan evaluasi sediaan emulgel <em>Tea tre oil</em>. Formulasi yang dibuat terdiri dari tiga formula yaitu F1, F2 dan F3 dengan variasi HPMC sebagai <em>gelling agent</em>. Evaluasi yang dilakukan adalah uji organoleptik, pH, homogenitas, daya sebar, viskositas, <em>Cycling test</em> dan uji hedonik. Analisis data hasil uji viskositas dan uji hedonik diolah dengan penjabaran deskriptif. Hasil uji hedonik menunjukan bahwa emulgel anti jerawat <em>tea tree oil</em> dapat diterima oleh responden.<em></em></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong> : emulgel,<em> Melaleuca alternifolia</em>, HPMC<em></em></p>
Lifetimes and Oscillator Strengths for Ultraviolet Transitions in Neutral Chlorine
Authors: Alkhayat R. B. , Irving R. E. , Federman S. R. , Ellis D. G. , Cheng S. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We present lifetime measurements using beam-foil techniques for radiative transitions from the 3p
4(1
S)4s
2
S
1/2, 3p
4(3
P)5

, and 3p
4(3
P)3d
2
F
5/2 levels in Cl I and the corresponding results of the oscillator strengths for transitions at 1004.68, 1079.88, 1090.73, and 1094.77 Å, respectively. We compare our experimental results with available theoretical calculations and astronomical observations in an effort to resolve discrepancies among them.
Learning about the Intermediate Neutron-capture Process from Lead Abundances*
Authors: Hampel Melanie , Karakas Amanda I. , Stancliffe Richard J. , Meyer Bradley S. , Lugaro Maria 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Lead (Pb) is predominantly produced by the slow neutron-capture process (s process) in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. In contrast to significantly enhanced Pb abundances predicted by low-mass, low-metallicity AGB models, observations of Magellanic post-AGB stars show incompatibly low Pb abundances. Observations of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars whose s-process enrichments are accompanied by heavy elements traditionally associated with the rapid neutron-capture process (r process) have raised the need for a neutron-capture process operating at neutron densities intermediate to the s and r process: the so-called i process. We study i-process nucleosynthesis with single-zone nuclear-network calculations. Our i-process models can explain the heavy-element abundance patterns measured in Magellanic post-AGB stars including their puzzlingly low Pb abundances. Furthermore, the heavy-element enhancements in the post-AGB and CEMP-i stars, particularly their Pb abundance, allow us to characterize the neutron densities and exposures of the i process that produced the observed abundance patterns. We find that the lower-metallicity CEMP-i stars (

) have heavy-element abundances best matched by models with higher neutron densities and exposures (τ > 2.0 mbarn−1) compared to the higher-metallicity post-AGB stars (

, τ < 1.3 mbarn−1). This offers new constraints and insights regarding the properties of i-process sites and demonstrates that the responsible process operates on timescales of the order of a few years or less.
Le Fondeur et le Sculpteur
Authors: Lebon Élisabeth 
Published: December 2019

Deux œuvres en bronze très connues, la Jeanne d’Arc de Dubois et le Surtout du duc d’Orléans de Barye, sont étudiées ici sous l’angle de la technique de fonte. Cette étude propose une lecture inédite de leur histoire, mettant en évidence le rôle des artisans et leur savoir-faire au service de la création artistique. Elle est accompagnée d’essais qui appellent à porter un regard nouveau sur ces questions.

Cette publication propose également un appareil documentaire (glossaire, répertoire, bibliographie très complète donnant souvent accès aux textes intégraux en ligne, transcription de sources manuscrites et inédites), constituant ainsi une somme unique sur le sujet.

Elle vient en parallèle d’un essai papier intitulé Fonte au sable, fonte à cire, histoire d’une rivalité (Paris, Ophrys/INHA, 2012).
Dire entre les lignes
Authors: Provost Fabien 
Published: December 2019

En Inde comme ailleurs, un principe fondamental de la médecine légale consiste en l’objectivité de l’examinateur dans l’évaluation du cas dont il a la charge. Selon ce principe, le travail médico-légal implique la description objective des aspects anatomiques et pathologiques des lésions qu’il observe. Les avis concernant l’histoire du cas et la manière de la mort relèvent en Inde des prérogatives respectives de la police et des tribunaux. Pourtant, les médecins légistes en Inde affichent une volonté de s’exprimer et de contribuer activement à l’enquête de police. Cet article révèle que l’écriture des rapports médico-légaux est conçue par les médecins légistes comme un moyen possible pour communiquer des points de vue non médicaux à la cour. Mais comment ces experts peuvent-ils livrer des avis sur les cas tout en conformant leur expression aux exigences propres à leur champ professionnel ?
Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for older Children into a Brazilian Portuguese version
Authors: das Virgens Chagas Daniel , Araújo Denizar Vianna , Gama Dirceu , Macedo Laryssa , Camaz Deslandes Andrea , Batista Luiz Alberto 
Published: December 2019

PurposeTo be used across different cultures, a physical activity questionnaire must be translated and cross-culturally adapted into target languages with a structured method. To date, there is no evidence supporting the use of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) in Brazil. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to translate and crossculturally adapt PAQ-C into the Brazilian Portuguese language and to determine its measurement properties.MethodsOverall, 82 participants were initially recruited and the final PAQ-C version was applied in 52 children (28 boys, 24 girls). The translation and cross-cultural adaptation process was performed, and the measurement properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of PAQ-C were determined in order to assess the internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha),
test-retest reliability (ICC , intra-class correlation coefficient) and the level of agreement between test-retest measurements (Bland-Altman method). Paired <i>t</i>-test was used to compare PAQ-C means (test-retest).ResultsThe meaning of the items was considered easily understood by the children. Cronbach’s alpha reached acceptable values, ranging from 0.85 (test) to 0.87 (retest). ICC equalled 0.90, indicating excellent test-retest reliability. Paired <i>t</i>-test showed no significant difference between means. Bland-Altman plot proved a good level of agreement between two measurements.ConclusionsThe translation and cross-cultural adaptation process was successful in reaching semantic equivalence between the original PAQ-C and the Brazilian Portuguese version; the measurement properties of the new PAQ-C version achieved a good level. Therefore, this study provided evidence supporting PAQ-C use among Brazilian children.
Perception of sensory impressions in children from music classes and their peers from general classes in Poland – a comparison
Authors: Gieysztor Ewa , Kurzaj Paulina , Choińska Anna Maria , Kowal Mateusz , Pecuch Anna , Borowicz Wojciech , Paprocka-Borowicz Małgorzata 
Published: December 2019

IntroductionSchool age is a very important and intense period in children’s development. The central nervous system has an enormous absorptivity of sensory impressions. In the recent decade, an increased number of diagnoses of sensory disorders has been noticed in children in Poland. Alvin noted that musical compositions provided a good source of support for a child to acquire both auditory and tactile sensory experiences. The main aim of the study was to compare the level of sensory integration in children from music classes and their peers from general classes.MethodsTwo groups of children participated in the study: group M, 14 boys and 11 girls attending second classes in music schools, and group G, 16 boys and 11 girls attending general classes. Both groups were subjected to a clinical trial by Przyrowski and the Southern California Test according to Ayres. In addition, the parents of the examined children were asked to complete the Sensorimotor Child Development Questionnaire.ResultsThe process of sensory integration took place correctly in both groups of children. The results suggest that children in music classes are better at bilateral motor coordination, finger identification, and finger-thumb test (average results above the norm). Children in general classes were more able to maintain static balance with closed as well as open eyes than their musical peers.ConclusionsMusic education positively influences the process of sensory integration in children. It can be a good source of a child’s brain stimulation.
Effects of sterilization techniques on chemodenitrification and N2O production in tropical peat soil microcosms
Authors: Buessecker Steffen , Tylor Kaitlyn , Nye Joshua , Holbert Keith E. , Urquiza Muñoz Jose D. , Glass Jennifer B. , Hartnett Hilairy E. , Cadillo-Quiroz Hinsby 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. Chemodenitrification – the non-enzymatic process of nitrite reduction –
may be an important sink for fixed nitrogen in tropical peatlands. Rates and
products of chemodenitrification are dependent on O2, pH, Fe2+
concentration, and organic matter composition, which are variable across peat
soils. Assessing abiotic reaction pathways is difficult because
sterilization and inhibition agents can alter the availability of reactants by
changing iron speciation and organic matter composition. We compared six
commonly used soil sterilization techniques – γ irradiation,
chloroform, autoclaving, and the use of three different chemical inhibitors (mercury, zinc, and
azide) – for their compatibility with chemodenitrification assays
for tropical peatland soils (organic-rich, low-pH soil from the eastern
Amazon). Out of the six techniques, γ irradiation resulted in soil
treatments with the lowest cell viability and denitrification activity and
the least effect on pH, iron speciation, and organic matter composition. Nitrite
depletion rates in γ-irradiated soils were highly similar to
untreated (live) soils, whereas other sterilization techniques showed
deviations. Chemodenitrification was a dominant process of nitrite
consumption in tropical peatland soils assayed in this study. Nitrous oxide (N2O) is
one possible product of chemodenitrification reactions. Abiotic N2O
production was low to moderate (3 %–16 % of converted nitrite), and
different sterilization techniques lead to significant variations on
production rates due to inherent processes or potential artifacts. Our work
represents the first methodological basis for testing the abiotic
denitrification and N2O production potential in tropical peatland soil.
Analysis of the position and strength of westerlies and trades with implications for Agulhas leakage and South Benguela upwelling
Authors: Tim Nele , Zorita Eduardo , Emeis Kay-Christian , Schwarzkopf Franziska U. , Biastoch Arne , Hünicke Birgit 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. The westerlies and trade winds over the South Atlantic and Indian Ocean are important drivers of the regional oceanography around southern Africa, including features such as the Agulhas Current, the Agulhas leakage, and the Benguela upwelling. Agulhas leakage constitutes a fraction of warm and saline water transport from the Indian Ocean into the South Atlantic. The leakage is stronger during intensified westerlies. Here, we analyze the wind stress of different observational and modeled atmospheric data sets (covering the last 2 millennia, the recent decades, and the 21st century) with regard to the intensity and position of the southeasterly trades and the westerlies. The analysis reveals that variations of both wind systems go hand in hand and that a poleward shift of the westerlies and trades and an intensification of westerlies took place during the recent decades. Furthermore, upwelling in South Benguela is slightly intensified when trades are shifted poleward.
Projections for strength and position of the westerlies in the 21st century depend on assumed CO2 emissions and on their effect relative to the ozone forcing. In the strongest emission scenario (RCP8.5) the simulations show a further southward displacement, whereas in the weakest emission scenario (RCP2.6) a northward shift is modeled, possibly due to the effect of ozone recovery dominating the effect of anthropogenic greenhouse forcing.
We conclude that the Agulhas leakage has intensified during the last decades and is projected to increase if greenhouse gas emissions are not reduced. This will have a small impact on Benguela upwelling strength and may also have consequences for water mass characteristics in the upwelling region. An increased contribution of Agulhas water to the upwelling water masses will import more preformed nutrients and oxygen into the upwelling region.
Weakly coupled atmosphere–ocean data assimilation in the Canadian global prediction system (v1)
Authors: Skachko Sergey , Buehner Mark , Laroche Stéphane , Lapalme Ervig , Smith Gregory , Roy François , Surcel-Colan Dorina , Bélanger Jean-Marc , Garand Louis 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. A fully coupled atmosphere–ocean–ice model has been used
to produce global weather forecasts at Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) since November 2017.
Currently, the system relies on four uncoupled data assimilation (DA) components
for initializing the fully coupled global atmosphere–ocean–ice forecast model:
atmosphere, ocean, sea ice and sea surface temperature (SST).
The goal of the present study is to implement a weakly coupled data assimilation (WCDA)
between the atmosphere and ocean components and evaluate its performance against uncoupled DA.
The WCDA system uses coupled atmosphere–ocean–ice short-term forecasts
as background states for the atmospheric and the ocean DA components that independently compute atmospheric and ocean analyses.
This system leads to better agreement between the coupled atmosphere–ocean analyses
and the coupled atmosphere–ocean–ice forecasts than between the uncoupled analyses and the coupled forecasts.
The use of WCDA improves the atmospheric forecast score near the surface,
but a slight increase in the atmospheric temperature bias is observed.
A small positive impact from using the short-term SST forecast
on the satellite radiance observation-minus-forecast statistics is noted.
Ocean temperature and salinity forecasts are also improved near the surface.
The next steps toward stronger DA coupling are highlighted.
Improving lake mixing process simulations in the Community Land Model by using K profile parameterization
Authors: Zhang Qunhui , Jin Jiming , Wang Xiaochun , Budy Phaedra , Barrett Nick , Null Sarah E. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. We improved lake mixing process simulations by applying a vertical mixing scheme, K profile parameterization (KPP), in the Community Land Model (CLM) version 4.5, developed by the National Center for Atmospheric Research. Vertical mixing of the lake water column can significantly affect heat transfer and vertical temperature profiles. However, the current vertical mixing scheme in CLM requires an arbitrarily enlarged eddy diffusivity to enhance water mixing. The coupled CLM-KPP considers a boundary layer for eddy development, and in the lake interior water mixing is associated with internal wave activity and shear instability. We chose a lake in Arctic Alaska and a lake on the Tibetan Plateau to evaluate this improved lake model. Results demonstrated that CLM-KPP reproduced the observed lake mixing and significantly improved lake temperature simulations when compared to the original CLM. Our newly improved model better represents the transition between stratification and turnover. This improved lake model has great potential for reliable physical lake process predictions and better ecosystem services.
Framework to prioritize watersheds for diffuse pollution management in the Republic of Korea: application of multi-criteria analysis using the Delphi method
Authors: Lee Gyumin , Jun Kyung Soo , Kang Minji 
Published: December 2019

Abstract. This study aimed to develop a risk-based approach for
determining control areas to manage non-point source pollution, developing a framework to prioritize catchments by considering the characteristics of
polluted runoff from non-point sources. The best management, decision-making,
and scientific approaches, such as the technique for order of preference by
similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and the Delphi technique, are required
for the designation of control areas and the application of the best
management practices to the control areas. Multi-criteria decision-making
(MCDM) methods can handle the diversity and complexity of non-point source
pollution. The Delphi technique was employed for selecting the assessment
criteria/sub-criteria and determining their weights. Sub-criteria for each
catchment unit were scored with either a quantitative or qualitative scale.
All non-point pollution sources in mainland Republic of Korea were included,
with the exception of a few islands, with catchment prioritization and
pollution vulnerability evaluations shown as thematic maps. This study
contributes to the field by developing a new risk-based approach for ranking
and prioritizing catchments; this provides valuable information for the
Ministry of Environment to use to identify control areas and manage non-point
source pollution.