bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated Dicentric Aberration Scoring for Triage Dose Assessment: 60Co Gamma Ray Dose-response at Different Dose Rates
Authors: Subramanian Uma , O’Brien Brett , McNamara Maureen , Romanyukha Lyudmila , Bolduc David L. , Olsen Cara , Blakely William F. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The objective of this study was to establish radiation dose-response calibration curves using automated dicentric scoring to support rapid and accurate cytogenetic triage dose-assessment. Blood was drawn from healthy human volunteers and exposed to 60Co gamma rays at several dose rates (i.e., 1.0, 0.6, and 0.1 Gy min−1). After radiation, the blood was placed for 2 h in a 37 °C incubator for repair. Blood was then cultured in complete media to which a mitogen (i.e., phytoghemagglutinin, concentration 4%) was added for 48 h. Colcemid was added to the culture at a final concentration of 0.2 μg mL−1 after 24 h for the purpose of arresting first-division metaphase mitotics. Cells were harvested at the end of 48 h. Samples were processed using an automated metaphase harvester and automated microscope metaphase finder equipped with a suite of software including a specialized automated dicentric scoring application. The data obtained were used to create dose-response tables of dicentric yields. The null hypothesis that the data is Poisson-distributed could not be rejected at the significance level of α = 0.05 using results from a Shiny R Studio application (goodness-of-fit Poisson). Calibration curves based on linear-quadratic fits for 60Co gamma rays at the three different dose rates were generated using these data. The calibration curves were used to detect blind test cases. In conclusion, using the automated harvester and automated microscope metaphase finder with associated automated dicentric scoring software demonstrates high-throughput with suitable accuracy for triage radiation dose assessment.
Health Phenotypes and Neurobehavioral Symptom Severity Among Post-9/11 Veterans With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium Study
Authors: Bouldin Erin D. , Swan Alicia A. , Norman Rocio S. , Tate David F. , Tumminello Christa , Amuan Megan E. , Eapen Blessen C. , Wang Chen-Pin , Trevino Amira , Pugh Mary Jo 
Published: June 2020

Objective:
To evaluate whether neurobehavioral symptoms differ between groups of veterans with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) classified by health characteristics.

Participants:
A total of 71 934 post-9/11 veterans with mTBI from the Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium Epidemiology warfighter cohort.

Design:
Cross-sectional analysis of retrospective cohort.

Main Measures:
Health phenotypes identified using latent class analysis of health and function over 5 years. Symptom severity measured using Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory; domains included vestibular, somatic, cognitive, and affective.

Results:
Veterans classified as moderately healthy had the lowest symptom burden while the polytrauma phenotype group had the highest. After accounting for sociodemographic and injury characteristics, polytrauma phenotype veterans had about 3 times the odds of reporting severe symptoms in each domain compared with moderately healthy veterans. Those veterans who were initially moderately healthy but whose health declined over time had about twice the odds of severe symptoms as consistently healthier Veterans. The strongest associations were in the affective domain. Compared with the moderately healthy group, veterans in other phenotypes were more likely to report symptoms substantially interfered with their daily lives (odds ratio range: 1.3-2.8).

Conclusion:
Symptom severity and interference varied by phenotype, including between veterans with stable and declining health. Ameliorating severe symptoms, particularly in the affective domain, could improve health trajectories following mTBI.
Introducing the ImPACT-5: An Empirically Derived Multivariate Validity Composite
Authors: Erdodi Laszlo , Korcsog Kassandra , Considine Ciaran , Casey Joseph , Scoboria Alan , Abeare Christopher 
Published: June 2020

Objective:
To create novel Immediate Post-Concussion and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT)-based embedded validity indicators (EVIs) and to compare the classification accuracy to 4 existing EVI
ImPACT
.

Method:
The ImPACT was administered to 82 male varsity football players during preseason baseline cognitive testing. The classification accuracy of existing EVI
ImPACT
was compared with a newly developed index (ImPACT-5A and B). The ImPACT-5A represents the number of cutoffs failed on the 5 ImPACT composite scores at a liberal cutoff (0.85 specificity); ImPACT-5B is the sum of failures on conservative cutoffs (≥0.90 specificity).

Results:
ImPACT-5A ≥1 was sensitive (0.81), but not specific (0.49) to invalid performance, consistent with EVI
ImPACT
developed by independent researchers (0.68 sensitivity at 0.73-0.75 specificity). Conversely, ImPACT-5B ≥3 was highly specific (0.98), but insensitive (0.22), similar to Default EVI
ImPACT
(0.04 sensitivity at 1.00 specificity). ImPACT-5A ≥3 or ImPACT-5B ≥2 met forensic standards of specificity (0.91-0.93) at 0.33 to 0.37 sensitivity. Also, the ImPACT-5s had the strongest linear relationship with clinically meaningful levels of invalid performance of existing EVI
ImPACT
.

Conclusions:
The ImPACT-5s were superior to the standard EVI
ImPACT
and comparable to existing aftermarket EVI
ImPACT
, with the flexibility to optimize the detection model for either sensitivity or specificity. The wide range of ImPACT-5 cutoffs allows for a more nuanced clinical interpretation.
Comorbid Conditions Differentiate Rehabilitation Profiles in Traumatic Versus Nontraumatic Brain Injury: A Retrospective Analysis Using a Medical Database
Authors: Rajesh Aishwarya , Daugherty Ana M. , Jain Sanjiv , Henry Dawn , Barbey Aron K. , Rubin Rachael D. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:We examined the relationship between comorbid medical conditions and changes in cognition over the course of rehabilitation following acquired brain injury. In particular, we compared outcomes between traumatic brain injury (TBI) and non-TBI using a retrospective inpatient rehabilitation dataset. We hypothesized that differences by diagnosis would be minimized among subgroups of patients with common comorbid medical conditions.Materials and Methods:We used the Functional Independence Measure (FIM)-cognition subscale to index changes in cognition over rehabilitation. A decision tree classifier determined the top 10 comorbid conditions that maximally differentiated TBI and non-TBI. Ten subsets of patients were identified by matching on these conditions, in rank order. Data from these subsets were submitted to repeated-measures logistic regression to establish the minimum degree of commonality in comorbid conditions that would produce similar cognitive rehabilitation, regardless of etiology.Results:The TBI group demonstrated a greater increase in ordinal scores over time relative to non-TBI, across all subscales of the FIM-cognition. When both groups were matched on the top 3 symptoms, there were no significant group differences in rehabilitation trajectory in problem-solving and memory domains (Cohen'sdrange: 0.2-0.4).Conclusion:Comorbid medical conditions explain differences in cognitive rehabilitation trajectories following acquired brain injury beyond etiology.
Activities and Participation in the First 6 Months After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Renaud M. Irene , van de Port Ingrid G. L. , Catsman-Berrevoets Coriene E. , Jellema Korné , Lambregts Suzanne A. M. , van Heugten Caroline M. 
Published: June 2020

Objective:
To investigate the natural course of activities and participation of children up to 6 months after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).

Methods:
A prospective longitudinal cohort study with complete data sets of 231 children diagnosed with mTBI and their caregivers.

Main Measures:
Activities and participation assessed with the Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP) and the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE) measured at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months post-mTBI. Because of a ceiling effect, the primary outcome measure (CASP) was divided into deviant (not maximum score) or full functioning.

Results:
Friedman's, Cochran's Q, and McNemar's tests (CASP) and repeated-measures analyses of variance (CAPE) showed significant increases in activities and participation between 2 weeks and 3 and 6 months after mTBI. Based on the parents' perspective, 67% of the children returned to full functioning at 6 months postinjury, with only 38% of the children describing themselves as functioning at their premorbid level.

Discussion:
Findings indicate that most children return to maximum level of activities and participation over time after mTBI. In a substantial number of children, however, the level of activities and participation at 6 months postinjury is evaluated as lower than that of peers. The importance of investigating predictors for child and caregiver perspectives is emphasized.
Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Without Corneal Parameters: A New Option
Authors: Rosa Nicola , Zeppa Lucio , De Bernardo Maddalena , Coppola Alessia , Zeppa Lucia , Borrelli Maria 
Published: June 2020

Objectives:
To compare different methods in calculating the corneal radius (R) to be used in case of intraocular lens power calculations when it is immeasurable.

Methods:
The right eyes of 1,960 patients were randomly divided into 2 equal groups. The first group of right eyes (group A) was divided in three groups according to the axial length (AL) (≤21.99 mm, between 22 and 24.99 mm, and ≥25 mm). In these groups, the correlation between the AL and the corneal radius (R) provided three different regression formulas. The second group of right eyes (group B) was used to test the following methods of estimating the R: the regression formulas determined from group A, formula from Logan et al., formula from Stenström, the mean R calculated from group A, and the fellow eye group B. A Student paired T test was used for the statistical evaluation.

Results:
In case of AL≤21.99, the best results have been obtained with the fellow eye R, followed by either the regression formula or the mean R from group A (mean=0.00±0.09 mm, P=0.94, mean=0.05±0.21 mm, P=0.05, mean=0.05±0.22 mm, P=0.08, respectively). In case of AL between 22 and 24.99 mm, the best results have been obtained with the fellow eye R, followed by either the regression formula or the mean R from group A (mean=−0.01±0.09 mm, P=0.38, mean=0.01±0.21 mm, P=0.12, mean=0.01±0.24 mm, P=0.18, respectively). In case of AL≥25 mm, the best results have been obtained with the fellow eye R, followed by either the regression formula or the mean R from group A (mean=−0.003±0.08 mm, P=0.94 mean=−0.004±0.25 mm, P=0.85, mean=−0.004±0.25 mm, P=0.85, respectively).

Conclusions:
The new calculated regression formulas seem to represent a reliable method to calculate the R when it is undetectable, as in case of corneal dystrophies.
Outcomes of resident-performed laser-assisted vs traditional phacoemulsification
Authors: Hansen Brock , Blomquist Preston H. , Ririe Peter , Pouly Severin , Nguyen Chan , Petroll W. Matthew , McCulley James P. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
To compare the effectiveness of femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery (CPS) by resident surgeons.

Setting:
Parkland Memorial Health and Hospital System, Dallas, Texas, USA.

Design:
Prospective randomized study.

Methods:
All surgeries to be performed by postgraduate year 3 and year 4 residents from October 2015 through June 2017 were eligible for inclusion. Patients were required to complete postoperative day 1, week 1, month 1, and month 3 visits. Specular microscopy was performed preoperatively and postoperatively. Surgeries were filmed, and each step was timed and compared. Surgeon and patient surveys were filled out postoperatively.

Results:
Of the 135 eyes of 96 subjects enrolled in the study, 64 eyes received FLACS and 71 eyes received CPS. There was no significant difference in corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), either preoperatively or at the postoperative day 1, week 1, month 1, or month 3 visits (P = .469, .539, .701, .777, and .777, respectively). Cumulated dissipated energy and irrigation fluid usage were not different between FLACS and CPS (P = .521 and .368, respectively), nor was there a difference in the reduction of endothelial cell counts postoperatively (P = .881). Wound creation (P = .014), cortical cleanup (P = .009), and IOL implantation (P = .031) were faster in the CPS group. Survey results indicated that the overall patient experience was similar for FLACS and CPS.

Conclusions:
This first prospective randomized trial evaluating resident-performed FLACS shows that, in resident hands, FLACS provides similar results to CPS regarding visual acuity, endothelial cell loss, operative time, patient satisfaction, and surgical complication rate.
Comparison of semicircular and bent tips regarding regional differences in oscillation amplitude under various torsional power settings
Authors: Noguchi Santaro , Baba Koichi , Maeda Naoyuki , Oie Yoshinori , Nakakura Shunsuke , Tabuchi Hitoshi , Nishida Kohji 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
To analyze the difference between the behavior of semicircular (balanced) and bent (mini) tips at 20 incremental torsional power settings.

Setting:
Tsukazaki Hospital, Himeji, Japan.

Design:
Experimental study.

Methods:
Using an ultra-high-speed video camera HPV-X2, the 2 tips during torsional oscillation were recorded, comparing tip behavior at power settings from 5% to 100% by tracking points 1 to 5 (tip end and at 1325, 2650, 3975, and 5035 μm from the tip end).

Results:
Both tips increased their amplitude widths, drawing an S-curve at all points as the torsional power setting was increased, reaching their upper limits from 70% to 90% torsional power. At all 20 power settings, both tips showed significantly different amplitudes (all P < .01), and the difference of the amplitude increased as the power setting increased. Although, at points 1 and 3, the balanced tip amplitude was nearly 1.5 times larger than the mini tip amplitude, the amplitude difference was 10 μm or less at points 2 and 4. At point 5, the mini tip amplitude was at least 3 times more than the balanced tip amplitude.

Conclusions:
The amplitude does not increase proportionally and varies markedly with the tip shape on reaching the upper limit, suggesting that a higher power setting might not contribute greatly to nuclear fragmentation. The balanced tip might cause greater damage to surrounding tissues if it is inserted at approximately 3 mm from the wound site. To obtain maximum shaft stability using the balanced tip, it is important to insert at least 5 mm.
Efficacy and safety of a single-use dual blade goniotomy: 18-month results
Authors: Wakil Susan M. , Birnbaum Faith , Vu Daniel M. , McBurney-Lin Shan , ElMallah Mohammed K. , Tseng Henry 
Published: June 2020

Purpose:
To compare the 18-month efficacy and safety of Kahook Dual Blade goniotomy (KDB) in combination with cataract surgery (combined group) or as a standalone procedure (standalone group).

Setting:
Single surgeon practice.

Design:
Retrospective review study.

Methods:
A total of 116 eyes of 100 patients underwent KDB by a single well-experienced surgeon from May 2016 to 2018. A total of 93 eyes and 23 eyes were in the combined and standalone groups, respectively. Main outcome measures were reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP-lowering medication and adverse events. Data were collected and analyzed using Welch t tests in R.

Results:
A total of 116 eyes of 100 patients were included in the analysis. Moderate or severe glaucoma was observed in 71% of eyes in the combined group compared with 83% in the standalone group. At baseline, mean IOP was 16.5 ± 5.0 mm Hg (n = 93) and 24.3 ± 9.1 mm Hg (n = 23) in the combined and standalone groups, respectively (P < .05). The IOP decreased in both groups at 12 months (14.1 ± 3.9 vs 16.9 ± 7.6, P = .24) and 18 months (14.4 ± 3.7 vs 16.7 ± 7.6, P = .5). There was a statistically significant difference in the number of drops between the combined and standalone groups at baseline (2.4 ± 1.2 vs 2.9 ± 1.0, P < .05) persisting at 12 months (1.3 ± 1.2 vs 2.6 ± 1.2, P < .05) and at 18 months (1.3 ± 1.2 vs 3.3 ± 1.2, P < .05). Complications included transient hyphemas (20 eyes [17%]) and IOP spike (20 eyes [17%]). Seven eyes required additional glaucoma surgery, 5 of which were in the standalone group.

Conclusions:
KDB was an effective and safe procedure for different glaucoma disease severities, whether combined with cataract surgery or as a standalone surgery. It is an alternative to consider prior to pursuing more invasive glaucoma surgeries.
Acupuncture of different treatment frequencies in knee osteoarthritis: a pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lin Lu-Lu , Tu Jian-Feng , Wang Li-Qiong , Yang Jing-Wen , Shi Guang-Xia , Li Jin-Ling , Zhang Na , Shao Jia-Kai , Zou Xuan , Liu Cun-Zhi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This 16-week randomised controlled trial (8-week treatment followed by 8-week follow-up) evaluated the symptomatic improvement in patients with knee osteoarthritis on 3 sessions per week of acupuncture (TSWA) compared to 1 session per week of acupuncture (OSWA). Sixty participants were randomised to either the TSWA or the OSWA group in a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome was response rate, defined as the percentage of participants achieving ≥2 points decrease on the numerical rating scale (NRS) and ≥6 points decrease in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) function score at week 8 compared with baseline. Additional outcomes included response rates at weeks 4 and 16, NRS, WOMAC, Patient Global Assessment, 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), and treatment credibility and expectancy. No significant difference was seen in response rate between TSWA and OSWA groups at week 8 (64.7% vs 50.0%; difference, 14.7 percentage points [95% CI, −10.1 to 39.4 percentage points], P = 0.435). At weeks 4 and 16, the TSWA group had higher response rates than the OSWA group (week-4: difference, 44.7 percentage points [95% CI, 23.2-66.1 percentage points], P = 0.001; week-16: difference, 46.0 percentage points [95% CI, 24.4-67.6 percentage points], P < 0.001). Participants in the TSWA group experienced significantly greater improvements in NRS, WOMAC function, and Patient Global Assessment than those in the OSWA group. There were no significant between-group differences in WOMAC stiffness and SF-12. In summary, TSWA immediately improved knee pain and dysfunction compared with OSWA. In addition, the benefit of TSWA persists throughout follow-up.
Effects of hypnosis, cognitive therapy, hypnotic cognitive therapy, and pain education in adults with chronic pain: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Jensen Mark P. , Mendoza Maria Elena , Ehde Dawn M. , Patterson David R. , Molton Ivan R. , Dillworth Tiara M. , Gertz Kevin J. , Chan Joy , Hakimian Shahin , Battalio Samuel L. , Ciol Marcia A. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Chronic pain is a significant health problem worldwide with limited pharmacological treatment options. This study evaluated the relative efficacy of 4 treatment sessions each of 4 nonpharmacological treatments: (1) hypnotic cognitive therapy (using hypnosis to alter the meaning of pain); (2) standard cognitive therapy; (3) hypnosis focused on pain reduction, and (4) pain education. One hundred seventy-three individuals with chronic pain were randomly assigned to receive 4 sessions of 1 of the 4 treatments. Primary (pain intensity) and secondary outcome measures were administered by assessors unaware of treatment allocation at pretreatment, posttreatment, and 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. Treatment effects were evaluated using analysis of variance, a generalized estimating equation approach, or a Fisher exact test, depending on the outcome domain examined. All 4 treatments were associated with medium to large effect size improvements in pain intensity that maintained up to 12 months posttreatment. Pretreatment to posttreatment improvements were observed across the 4 treatment conditions on the secondary outcomes of pain interference and depressive symptoms, with some return towards pretreatment levels at 12-month follow-up. No significant between-group differences emerged in omnibus analyses, and few statistically significant between-group differences emerged in the planned pairwise analyses, although the 2 significant effects that did emerge favored hypnotic cognitive therapy. Future research is needed to determine whether the significant differences that emerged are reliable.
The influence of aging and duration of nerve injury on the antiallodynic efficacy of analgesics in laboratory mice
Authors: Muralidharan Arjun , Sotocinal Susana G. , Austin Jean-Sebastien , Mogil Jeffrey S. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract

Introduction:
Increasing attention is being paid to the effects of organismic factors like age on pain sensitivity. However, very little data exist on this topic using modern algesiometric assays and measures in laboratory rodents.

Objectives:
We investigated the effect of age and duration of nerve injury on baseline mechanical thresholds, neuropathic allodynia, and the antiallodynic and analgesic efficacy of 4 systemically administered analgesics: amitriptyline, diclofenac, morphine, and pregabalin.

Methods:
Mice of both sexes and 3 conditions were compared: Young-Young, in which baseline testing (von Frey thresholds), the injury producing neuropathic pain (spared nerve injury [SNI]) and subsequent drug testing occurred while mice were young (8–10 weeks); Young-Old, in which mice received the nerve injury while young but were tested for drug efficacy over 10 months later; and Old-Old, in which both the nerve injury and drug testing occurred at approximately 1 year of age.

Results:
Old-Old mice were found to display higher baseline mechanical sensitivity than other groups. No group differences were seen in SNI-induced allodynia in males; female Young-Old mice were found to display greatly reduced allodynia. With respect to drug efficacy, no differences among conditions were observed for amitriptyline, diclofenac, or morphine. For pregabalin, however, Young-Old mice displayed significantly reduced antiallodynia, and the drug was completely ineffective in Old-Old mice.

Conclusion:
Novel findings include the apparent remission of SNI-induced allodynia in female mice 10 months after injury and reduced pregabalin antiallodynic effects produced by both the passage of time after nerve injury and aging.