bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of coeliac disease in Northwest China: heterogeneity across Northern Silk road ethnic populations
Authors: Zhou Chunyan , Gao Feng , Gao Jinyan , Yuan Juanli , Lu Jiajie , Sun Zhenzhu , Xu Mengyu , Engel Jasper , Hui Wenjia , Gilissen Luud , Chen Hongbing 
Published: May 2020

SummaryBackgroundEpidemiological data of coeliac disease are lacking from the central Asian region.AimsTo verify the occurrence of coeliac disease amongst four major ethnic groups of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomus Region, China.Methods2277 in‐patients with gastrointestinal symptoms (1391 Han, 608 Uyghur, 146 Kazakh and 132 Hui; mean age: 54 ± 12.8 years) were included. Total IgA, anti‐deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP)‐IgG, and anti‐tissue transglutaminase (anti‐tTG)‐IgA were analysed. All antibody‐positive subjects were further tested for endomysial (EMA) antibodies and were HLA genotyped. All subjects with antibody positivity were asked to undergo intestinal biopsy. In addition, a subset of antibody‐negative subjects were tested for HLA‐DQA1and DQB1.ResultsAmong the 2277 subjects, 29 subjects were defined as coeliac disease autoimmune (positive results for anti‐tTG IgA and EMA‐IgA) (1.27%; 95% confidence interval, 0.81%‐1.73%), eight of them underwent biopsy and all showed coeliac disease histology (0.35%; 95% Cl, 0.11%‐0.59%). The frequency of coeliac disease autoimmunity was lowest among the Han (0.79%), followed by the Uyghur (1.81%), the Kazakh (2.05%) and the Hui (3.03%). The frequency of the HLA‐DQ2 and/or DQ8 haplotype was highest in the Uyghur (52.1%), followed by the Hui (44.4%), the Kazakh (40.0%) and the Han (39.4%). Besides, a three times higher frequency of coeliac disease autoimmunity was found among rural living subjects with significantly higher wheat consumption compared to urban living subjects (3.16% vs 0.97%, P < 0.01).ConclusionsIn Xinjiang, coeliac disease does occur, especially in the rural area. The HLA haplotype and environment play key roles in the development of coeliac disease.
Systematic review with meta‐analysis: the efficacy of tranexamic acid in upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Twum‐Barimah Erica , Abdelgadir Ibtihal , Gordon Morris , Akobeng Anthony K. 
Published: May 2020

SummaryBackgroundUpper gastrointestinal bleeding is a common medical emergency associated with substantial mortality. Tranexamic acid may be effective for reducing mortality in upper gastrointestinal bleeding.AimTo examine the effects of tranexamic acid in upper gastrointestinal bleeding by systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and other relevant websites for randomised controlled trials investigating the effect of tranexamic acid published from inception to December 10, 2019. The primary outcome of interest was mortality. Estimates of effect were pooled with a random effects model. Quality of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach.ResultsThe search identified 1572 citations. Eleven trials comprising 2076 patients were eligible for inclusion. Of these, 10 trials (2013 patients) compared tranexamic acid with placebo. Risk of death was significantly reduced in patients who received tranexamic acid compared with those who received placebo (RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.43‐0.82, P = 0.001) with no significant heterogeneity noted among studies (I2 = 0%, P = 0.81). The GRADE assessment rated the quality of the evidence for mortality as moderate due to risk of bias. There were no statistically significant differences between tranexamic acid and placebo for the prevention of re‐bleeding, need for surgical interventions, need for blood transfusions or frequency of thromboembolic events.ConclusionsModerate‐quality evidence shows that tranexamic acid is superior to placebo for the reduction in mortality in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. While our findings lend further support to the use of tranexamic acid for treating patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, additional higher‐quality trials are needed.
Intention to adopt and diffuse innovative ultraviolet light C system to control the growth of microorganisms in raw milk among Thais Dairy Farmers
Authors: Makarapong David , Tantayanon Supawan , Gowanit Chupun , Inchaisri Chaidate 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis research aims to investigate the factors affecting Thai dairy farmers’ intention to use ultraviolet C technology (UV‐C) to reduce the number of microorganisms in raw milk. The researcher applied the innovation and diffusion theory (IDT) and the technology acceptance model 2 (TAM2) to evaluate dairy farmer's intention. The 477 dairy farmers in the central part of Thailand were interviewed using questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression (MLR). It was found that the intention to adopt UV‐C can accurately predict the factors affecting the intention to use the technology based on the intention levels to create diffusion and promote acceptance. To increase the diffusion and acceptance of UV‐C, the perceived usefulness to increase the milk price was the major influenced factor to promote technology acceptance. Providing facilities for maintenance, the use of this innovation and reporting news about the benefits of new technology to create positive attitudes and confidence lead to the spread of technology driven by early adopters. The technology developers should consider and design technology compatible with existing systems. However, the collaboration of all related parties is also needed to encourage Thai dairy farmers to try the new technology and observe the actual results.
Effects of feeding early‐harvested orchardgrass–perennial ryegrass mixed silage instead of heading stage harvested timothy silage on digestion and milk production in dairy cows
Authors: Miyaji Makoto , Yajima Akira , Tada Shingo , Sudo Kenji , Aoki Yasuhiro 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe evaluated the effects of replacement of heading stage harvested timothy silage with early‐harvested orchardgrass–perennial ryegrass mixed (OP) silage while maintaining or reducing concentrate input on dry matter intake (DMI), milk production, nutrient digestibility, and N balance in dairy cows. Nine multiparous Holstein cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with three dietary treatments: TYL, a diet containing timothy silage where forage‐to‐concentrate ratio (FC) was 50:50; OPL, a diet containing OP silage where FC ratio was 50:50; and OPH, a diet containing OP silage where FC ratio was 60:40. We observed that an equal replacement of timothy with OP silage increased DMI, milk yield, milk protein production, and nutrient digestibility but decreased milk fat content (TYL versus OPL). We observed that replacing timothy with OP silage while reducing concentrate input increased milk fat and protein yield, nutrient digestibility, and feed efficiency and reduced urinary N loss with no effect on DMI or milk fat content (TYL versus OPH). These results show that replacing timothy with OP silage can be a good approach to improve milk production, feed efficiency, and N utilization and reduce concentrate input. However, milk fat depression should be considered when an equal substitution is performed.
Bayesian group selection in logistic regression with application to MRI data analysis
Authors: Lee Kyoungjae , Cao Xuan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe consider Bayesian logistic regression models with group‐structured covariates. In high‐dimensional settings, it is often assumed that only a small portion of groups are significant, and thus, consistent group selection is of significant importance. While consistent frequentist group selection methods have been proposed, theoretical properties of Bayesian group selection methods for logistic regression models have not been investigated yet. In this paper, we consider a hierarchical group spike and slab prior for logistic regression models in high‐dimensional settings. Under mild conditions, we establish strong group selection consistency of the induced posterior, which is the first theoretical result in the Bayesian literature. Through simulation studies, we demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing state‐of‐the‐art methods in various settings. We further apply our method to a magnetic resonance imaging data set for predicting Parkinson's disease and show its benefits over other contenders.
Gamification of in‐class activities in flipped classroom lectures
Authors: Sailer Michael , Sailer Maximilian 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFor higher education, the question of how in‐class activities can be supported in large lectures is of great relevance. This paper suggests a gamified flipped classroom approach to address this challenge. In an experimental study,N = 205 educational science students performed either gamified in‐class activities using a gamified quiz with points and a team leaderboard, or non‐gamified in‐class activities using exercise sheets. In line with the theory of gamified learning, the results show a positive indirect effect of gamification on application‐oriented knowledge that is mediated by learning process performance. Furthermore, based on a self‐determination theory framework, the results show positive effects of gamified in‐class activities on intrinsic motivation and social relatedness, but no significant effect on competence need satisfaction. The study provides insights into a particular casual construct of game design elements (points and team leaderboards) triggering specific mechanisms (immediate task‐level feedback and team competition) affecting a mediator (learning process performance) that in turn affects a learning outcome (application‐oriented knowledge).
The relative role of rivers, environmental heterogeneity and species traits in driving compositional changes in southeastern Amazonian bird assemblages
Authors: Maximiano Marina Franco de Almeida , d'Horta Fernando Mendonça , Tuomisto Hanna , Zuquim Gabriela , Van doninck Jasper , Ribas Camila Cherem 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAmazonian rivers have been proposed to act as geographic barriers to species dispersal, either driving allopatric speciation or defining current distribution limits. The strength of the barrier varies according to the species’ ecological characteristics and the river's physical properties. Environmental heterogeneity may also drive compositional changes but has not been well assessed in Amazonia. Aiming to understand the contributions of riverine barriers and environmental heterogeneity in shaping compositional changes in Amazonian forest bird assemblages, we focus on the Tapajós River. We investigate how spatial variation in species composition is related to physical barriers (Tapajós and Jamanxim rivers), species’ ecological characteristics (distinct guilds), and environmental heterogeneity (canopy reflectance, soils, and elevation). We sampled birds through point‐counts and mist nets on both banks of the Tapajós and Jamanxim rivers. To test for relationships between bird composition and environmental data, we used Mantel and partial Mantel tests, NMDS, and ANOVA + Tukey HSD. The Mantel tests showed that the clearest compositional changes occurred across the Tapajós River, which seems to act unequally as a significant barrier to the bird guilds. The Jamanxim River was not associated with differences in bird communities. Our results reinforce that the Tapajós River is a biogeographical boundary for birds, while environmental heterogeneity influences compositional variation within interfluves. We discuss the combined influence of geographical barriers, environmental heterogeneity, and ecological characteristics of species in shaping species distributions and community composition and the complexity of extrapolating the patterns found for birds to other Amazonian organisms.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
Role of effector T cells in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Chihara Norio 
Published: May 2020

AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, and the imbalance between autoimmunity and immune tolerance is considered to be the key factor for its pathogenesis. Effector T cells are shown to be involved not only in the early relapsing–remitting phase of this disease but also in the later progressive phase, which is thought to further promote the disease pathogenesis. Given the clinical benefits of the immune‐modulating reagents, which are designated as disease‐modifying treatments, growing evidence has demonstrated their association with the amelioration of pathogenic T cells further suggesting their relevance in the treatment of MS, which is an immune‐mediated disease. T cells, a type of lymphocytes, play a central role in the immune response and have also been thought to play a pivotal role in MS. It has been well described that the effector CD4+ T cells, such as T helper (Th)1 and Th17 cells, orchestrate inflammation in the early phase including both infiltrating immune cells and brain‐resident glia cells and further disrupt the myelin sheath resulting in neurologic symptoms. Furthermore, recent reports have highlighted the role of CD8+ T cells as well as T cells in the progressive phase of this disease. In this review, an overview of effector T cells orchestrating pathogenesis of MS and recent advances in the field are discussed.
Immediate vs conventional loading of Facility‐Equator system in mandibular overdenture wearers: 1‐year RCT with clinical, biological, and functional evaluation
Authors: Schuster Alessandra J. , Marcello‐Machado Raissa M. , Bielemann Amália M. , Possebon Anna Paula da Rosa , Chagas Júnior Otacílio L. , Faot Fernanda 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe use of immediate loading (IML) is still poorly explored in elderly patients and implant‐retained mandibular overdenture (IMO) wearers. For this reason, more comparisons to conventional loading (CL) are required.PurposeTo evaluate the clinical, biological, functional, and oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQOL) influence of CL and IML loading on elders wearing IMO retained by the Facility‐Equator system up to 1 year after implant installation.Material and MethodsTwenty edentulous patients received two narrow diameter implants in the mandible; the loading type (CL or IML) was randomized. The clinical parameters were monitored along with prosthetic events, marginal bone loss (MBL) and bone level change (BLC), implant stability quotients (ISQ), masticatory performance outcomes, and Interleukin 1 beta (IL‐1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) levels in the peri‐implant crevicular fluid during the first year of loading. The OHRQoL was assessed via the Oral Health Impact Profile‐EDENT questionnaire. Data were analyzed by the Mann‐Whitney, χ2, Wilcoxon paired, and McNemar tests.ResultsAfter 1 year, MBL, BLC and ISQ were statistically identical (P > .05) in the CL and IML groups. The probing depth at 12 months in the CL group (2.19 mm) was higher than in the IML group (1.29 mm; P ≤ .0001). TNF‐α was 33.6% higher in the CL group at 6 months (P = .043), while IL‐1β was significantly higher in the IML group up to 6 months. The survival rate was 90% in the CL group and 85% in the IML group; 33 prosthetic events occurred in CL group and 23 in IML group.ConclusionsAfter 12 months, both loading protocols are viable and result in similar clinical, biological, functional, and OHRQOL outcomes. However, IML generates better adaptation of the peri‐implant tissues, faster improvement in OHRQoL and fewer prosthetic intercurrences than CL.
Aspect category detection using statistical and semantic association
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Saini Mayank , Sharan Aditi 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAspect category detection (ACD) is an important subtask of aspect‐based sentiment analysis (ABSA). It is a challenging problem due to subjectivity involved in categorization, as well as the existence of overlapping classes. Among various approaches that have been applied to ACD include rule‐based approaches along with other machine learning approaches, and most of them are statistical in nature. In this article, we have used an association rule‐based approach. To deal with the statistical limitation of association rules, we proposed a hybridized rule‐based approach that combines association rules with the semantic association. For semantic associations, we have used the notion of word‐embeddings. Experiments were performed on SemEval dataset, a standard benchmark dataset for aspect categorization in the restaurant domain. We observed that semantic associations can complement statistical association and improve the accuracy of classification. The proposed method performs better than several state‐of‐the‐art methods.
An Imagined Archive of Institutional Memory – A Visual Essay on the Artwork of Parragirls
Authors: Hibberd Lily , Djuric Bonney , Lewis Nina 
Published: May 2020

AbstractFor this focus section of Curator, Lily Hibberd with Bonney Djuric and Nina Lewis revisit their research paper and workshop presented at the ‘Archive as Art & The Imagined Archive’ 14th Community Informatics Research Network (CIRN) conference in 2017. Parragirls – former residents of an Australian state‐run child welfare institution – have deployed art as a device to contest both public memory and the official institutional record. Structured as an annotated portfolio and conversation between the three contributors, this visual essay reflects on a range of artistic strategies, including experimental printmaking, that interrogate and activate the living archive of Parramatta Girls Home through the women’s own testimony, memory and creative agency.
Archival Art: Memory Practices, Interventions, and Productions
Authors: Carbone Kathy 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe widespread preoccupation with memory continues to endure in contemporary art, academic discourses, and social practices such as commemorations, observances, and memorials across the globe. Archives, as spaces of and catalysts for memory, play a central role in society’s modes of remembering, and over the past several decades, artists’ engagements with archives – whether as source, concept, or subject – has turned a spotlight on the workings and transmissions of archival memory. This essay examines some of the critical activators of contemporary art practice with archives to contemplate the mnemonic possibilities of archives and artworks made with them.
Does Outward Foreign Direct Investment Facilitate China's Export Upgrading?
Authors: Zhang Song , Chen Chunlai 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper empirically investigates the impact of China's outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) on its export sophistication. Using a provincial‐level panel dataset and applying fixed effects and instrumental variable regression techniques, the study finds that, on average, OFDI has no significant impact on China's export sophistication. However, after the full sample is divided into different regions, the study finds that OFDI has a positive and significant impact on export sophistication in the developed coastal region, but no such impact is observed in the less developed inland regions. Further investigation using a panel threshold model reveals that only when GDP, per capita GDP, human capital, and the research and development intensity of a home economy reach a certain level can OFDI promote export sophistication. The findings suggest that accelerating eco nomic development and increasing absorptive capacity can facilitate the contribution of OFDI to China's export sophistication.
Long‐standing morphea and the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
Authors: Heck Johannes , Olk Joanna , Kneitz Hermann , Hamm Henning , Goebeler Matthias 
Published: May 2020

SummaryScleroderma is a heterogeneous group of fibrosing connective tissue disorders of unknown etiology. Morphea is a localized form of scleroderma that occasionally leads to chronic erosions and ulcerations of the skin. Fibrosis, inflammation and chronic ulcerations may eventually promote skin neoplasms; morphea is therefore a rare but established risk factor for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). We present a review of 16 scleroderma patients: 15 case reports from the literature (identified by a PubMed search) and one case from our clinic of a patient who had developed cSCC, and we discuss potential underlying mechanisms. Statistical analysis revealed that the lower extremities were the body site most commonly affected by cSCC in these scleroderma patients. The mean time interval between the onset of scleroderma and the development of cSCC was ten to twenty years. In patients with morphea, we recommend checking for skin tumors during follow‐up examinations as well as a careful risk‐benefit analysis when considering the application of immunosuppressants or phototherapy in view of their potential carcinogenic side effects.
Applied phyloepidemiology: Detecting drivers of pathogen transmission from genomic signatures using density measures
Authors: Wirth Thierry , Wong Vanessa , Vandenesch François , Rasigade Jean‐Philippe 
Published: May 2020

AbstractUnderstanding the driving forces of an epidemic is key to inform intervention strategies against it. Correlating measures of the epidemic success of a pathogen with ancillary parameters such as its drug resistance profile provides a flexible tool to identify such driving forces. The recently described time‐scaled haplotypic density (THD) method facilitates the inference of a pathogen's epidemic success from genetic data. Contrary to demogenetic approaches that define success in an aggregated fashion, the THD computes an independent index of success for each isolate in a collection. Modeling this index using multivariate regression, thus, allows us to control for various sources of bias and to identify independent predictors of success. We illustrate the use of THD to address key questions regarding three exemplary epidemics of multidrug‐resistant (MDR) bacterial lineages, namely Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing, Salmonella Typhi H58, and Staphylococcus aureus ST8 (including ST8‐USA300 MRSA), based on previously published, international genetic datasets. In each case, THD analysis allowed to identify the impact, or lack thereof, of various factors on the epidemic success, independent of confounding by population structure and geographic distribution. Our results suggest that rifampicin resistance drives the MDR Beijing epidemic and that fluoroquinolone resistance drives the S. aureus ST8/USA300 epidemic, in line with previous evidence of a lack of resistance‐associated fitness cost in these pathogens. Conversely, fluoroquinolone resistance measurably hampered the success of S. Typhi H58 and non‐H58. These findings illustrate how THD can help leverage the massive genomic datasets generated by molecular epidemiology studies to address new questions. THD implementation for the R platform is available at https://github.com/rasigadelab/thd.