bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Efficiency of the Parasitoids Bracon hebetor and B. brevicornis in the Control of Date Palm Moth Cadra cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Authors: M. Khalaf Raja , A. Abdulkader Ayad 
Published: July 2020

Adams, J.M. (1976). A guide to the objective and reliable estimation of food losses in small scale farmer storage. Tropical stored Products Information, 32: 5-12.
Abdulrahman, S.H.; Khawaja, G.R.; Abdullah, A.S.; Mureed, K.D. & Mahammad, T. (2013). Effects of tempertuer on the development of Ephestia cautella (walker) (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera) a case study for its possible control under storage conditions. Pakistan J. Zool., 45(6): 1573-1576.
Al-Abdullah, B.; Al-Hamada, J.; Celtie, M.N. & Aslan, L. (2001). The effect of host and temperatures on some biological processes efficiency of larval parasite Bracon brevicornis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) under laboratory conditions. Damascus Univ. J. Agric. Sci., 25(1): 345-365.
Al-Ramahi, R.S. & Ali, M.H. (1983). Effect of diets on the longevity of the adult parasitoid Bracon hebetor Say. Yearbook Plant Pro. Res., 3(1): 29-38.
Al-Rawi, Kh.M. & Khalfalla, A.M. (1980). Design and analysis of agricultural experiments. Directorate of residence House Print. Publ., Univ. Mosul: 488pp. (In Arabic).
Al-Zadjali, T.S.; Abdallal, F.F. & El-Haidari, H.S. (2006). Insect pests attacking date palms and dates in Sultanate of Oman. Egypt. J. Agric. Res., 84: 51-59.
Horak, M. (1994). A review of Cadra walker in Australia: five new native species and the tow introduced pest species (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae: Phycitinae). Aust. J. Entomol., 33(3): 245-262.
Gupta, A. & Lokhande, S.A. (2013). A new host record and a new combination in Cotesia cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from India. J. Threatened Taxa, 5(2): 3678-3681.
Mohsen, A.A. (2001). Control of Ephestia cautella: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae using parasitoid Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) gamma ray. M. Sc. Thesis, Coll. Educ. Women, Univ. Baghdad: 96pp. (In Arabic).
Saray, M.H. (2010). Effect of laser in some aspects of the life performance of the insect mite Ephestia cautella: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae. Biotechnol. Res. Cent. Coll. Sci. Univ. Baghdad, 4(2): 62-66.
Tarek, M.A.; Mohamed, H.A. & Al-Jalely, B.H. (2014). Bioprotective evaluation of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill on the different stages of fig moth Ephestia cautella: (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in vitro. J. Kerbala Univ., 12(1): 190-196. (In Arabic).
Sharma, H.C.; Ashok-Aluv, S.; Ravinder-Reddy, C.H.; Jayaraj, K.; Varaprasad, V.J.; Varaprasad-Reddy, K.M.; Belum, V.S. & Reddy-Rai, K.N. (2007). Management of sorghum and pearl millet pestin Bulk storage. Global theme on crop Improvement. International crops Research Institute for the Arid Tropics. Patan Cheru 502-324, Andra Pradesh, India: 20pp.
Shawkit, M.A.; Hamad, B.S.; MassehKhder, N.A.; Hamed, A.A. & Al-Tweel, A.A. (2014). Searching capacity of Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenopetra: Braconidae) for its host larvae in simulated date store. J. Madenat Alelem Univ. Coll., 6(1): 30-38.
Semi-fluorinated Alkane Eye Drops Reduce Signs and Symptoms of Evaporative Dry Eye Disease After Cataract Surgery
Authors: Son Hyeck-Soo , Yildirim Timur M. , Khoramnia Ramin , Poompokawat Piyanut , Knorz Michael C. , Auffarth Gerd U. 
Published: July 2020

PURPOSE:
To clinically evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of semi-fluorinated alkane eye drops (EvoTears; URSAPHARM GmbH) as ocular surface treatment after cataract surgery in patients with evaporative dry eye disease.

METHODS:
This prospective, monocentric, open-label clinical trial included 40 patients undergoing cataract surgery and showing symptoms of evaporative dry eye disease as measured by the Symptom Assessment in Dry Eye (Visual Analogue Scale [VAS]) questionnaire, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), and tear break-up time (TBUT) of less than 10 seconds. EvoTears was prescribed four times a day for 5 weeks and administered 15 minutes after the standard postoperative topical anti-inflammatory regimen. The primary endpoint was the change in TBUT. Secondary endpoints included assessment of the subjective symptoms (VAS), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), slit-lamp examination, intraocular pressure, and Schirmer's test, which were evaluated at 1 day, 1 week, and 5 weeks postoperatively. At 5 weeks postoperatively, the tolerability and efficacy of EvoTears were evaluated by physicians and patients.

RESULTS:

At 5 weeks postoperatively, the median TBUT increased from 6.8 (preoperative) to 14 seconds (
P
< .001) and the average total corneal staining score decreased from 3.53 (preoperative) to 2.36 (
P
< .001). The mean CDVA improved from 0.41 (preoperative) to 0.14 logMAR (
P
< .001) and there was a statistically significant decrease in all scores from the VAS questionnaire at 5 weeks postoperatively. There was no statistically significant change in Schirmer's test (
P
= .150).

CONCLUSIONS:
EvoTears improved tear film, ocular surface, and subjective impressions of patients with dry eye disease 5 weeks after cataract surgery. Patients' and physicians' assessment indicated good efficacy and high tolerability of EvoTears, suggesting its suitability in postoperative management of the ocular surface in patients with dry eye disease.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2020;36(7):474–480.]
Direct determination of piroxicam in pharmaceutical forms using flow injection- spectrophotometry
Authors: Abed Ream Ismail , Hadi Hind , Hadi Hind 
Published: July 2020

In this research, direct batch and flow injection (FI) spectrophotometric methods for the analysis of piroxicam (PIX) in commercial dosage forms were investigated. The methods were based on the reaction of PIX with diazotized metoclopramide in alkaline medium to form orange color product at room temperature which absorbs maximally at λmax 472 nm. Chemical and physical variables of batch and FI methods were optimized to produce high sensitivity and reproducibility. Under the optimized experimental conditions, Beer’s law was obeyed over concentration ranges from 1 - 35 and 10 - 250 μg/mL PIX with limits of detection of 0.2 and 3.4 μg/mL and limits of quantification of 0.7 and 11.4 μg/mL PIX for batch and FI procedures, respectively. The relative standard deviation (%RSD) was less than 0.7 and 2.4 for batch and FI procedures respectively with a sample throughput of 38 h-1 for FI procedure. The proposed methods can be used for the routine analysis for the assay of PIX in injections and capsules.

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(1), 13-23.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i1.2
MWCNTs/Ag-ZnO nanocomposite for efficient photocatalytic degradation of congo red
Authors: Yibeltal Amogne W. , Beyene Belete B. , Admassie Shimelis , Taddesse Abi M. 
Published: July 2020

Three nanomaterials namely, zinc oxide (ZC), silver-doped zinc oxide (AZ) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes coupled with silver doped zinc oxide nanocomposite (MWAZ) were synthesized, characterized and employed for photo degradation of an organic pollutant, congo red (CR). The photocatalytic activity study showed efficient degradation of CR upon irradiation with UV and visible light in the order of MWAZ > AZ > ZC > Commercial ZnO (ZCO). Percentage photodegradation of 99% and a pseudo 1st order rate constant of 2.3 x 10-2 min-1 were achieved by MWAZ as a catalyst under visible light irradiation, implying photo- sensitizing ability of MWCNTs and the capability of MWCNTs to hinder recombination of photogenerated holes and electrons. The control experiment in the dark condition gave only 7.9% of degradation efficiency and 5.56 x 10-4 min-1 rate constant, implying the significant role of light source for catalytic degradation of CR.

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2020, 34(1), 55-66.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v34i1.5
Promoting Partnership with Traditional Authorities in Development Projects: A Model for Community Infrastructure Project Delivery in Ghana
Authors: Osei-Tutu E. , Adinyira E. , Ofori A. P. , Asamoah R. , Ankrah S. J. 
Published: July 2020

Promoting partnership with traditional Authority Project (PPTAP) was designed to translate into reality the vision of having our traditional leaders play pivotal roles in community devel­opment. The project was to test the role that chiefs, queen mothers and other opinion leaders could play in the decentralization of community development. In spite of the presence of some challenges with respect to project implementation such as slow pace in the payment of coun­terpart fund contribution, this novelty achieved spectacular successes. This paper discusses the results of a questionnaire survey that looked at the role played by traditional authorities and community involvement in infrastructure development for 40 selected communities in Ashanti region under the PPTAP, with support from the International Development Agency (IDA) of the World Bank and the Government of Ghana. The paper concludes that the inclusion of tradi­tional authorities in beneficiary communities helped in an accurate identification of community needs, minimization of cost incurred and high-quality workmanship as well as strengthened ownership. For community based development, the paper recommends a Tripartite Partnership (TTP), where Traditional Authorities work in tandem with the Public and Private Sector to ensure sustainable national development. PPTAP presents an excellent framework for such TPP arrangements.
Keywords: Traditional Authorities, Community Based Project, Infrastructure, Development
Prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia, selected determinants and relation to hypertension severity in Northern-Nigerian hypertensives: the ABU homocysteine survey
Authors: Onyemelukwe Obiageli U. , Maiha Bilkisu B 
Published: July 2020

Background: This study aimed at evaluating the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia in Northern-Nigerian hypertensives and its association with hypertension severity and some major determinants as data regarding these are lackingin sub-Saharan Africa.
Method: A Community-based cross-sectional study done on 120 randomly-selected hypertensive patients who responded to an ABU radio frequency modulated invitation for free health-screening at the Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) Medical Centre from January 2016 to June 2016. The percentage of participants with high homocysteine levels, their anthropometric parameters and blood pressures were determined. Plasma homocysteine (hcy) was classified as normal (5-15), moderate (>15-30), intermediate (31-100) and severe (>100) μmol/L. Kruskal-Wallis test was applied and log-transformed homocysteine (Ln10Homocysteine) was correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressures as well as age, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glomerular filtration rate, hypertension duration and Ln10folate in males and females using the Pearson’s Correlation analysis.
Results: There were 83(69.2%) females and 37(30.8%) males with Median homocysteine of 20.8 μmol/L and 22.0 μmol/L respectively (p=0.003). Hyperhomocysteinaemia was found in 118(98.3%) hypertensives while 2(1.7%) subjects had normo-homocysteinaemia. Moderate hyperhomocysteinaemia (Median, 20.8 μmol/L) was identified in 105(87.5%) and intermediate (Median, 40 μmol/L) in 13(10.8%) (p<0.001). No subject had severe hyperhomocysteinaemia.Homocysteine was higher (p=0.003) in subjects with Stage 2 systolic hypertension. Ln10Homocysteine was significantly (p<0.001) correlated with blood pressure (SBP: r=0.45; DBP: r=0.40) and age (r=0.33).
Conclusion: The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinaemia in North-Western Nigerian hypertensives is high as against normal healthy controls. Plasma homocysteine is higher with severe systolic hypertension and positively associated with age.
Keywords: Hypertension, Homocysteine, Blood pressure, Northern-Nigerians
Funding: No specific grants but Micro Nova Pharmaceuticals Limited, Nigeria and Emzor Pharmaceutical Industries, Lagos, Nigeria supported with drugs.
АЛГОРИТМ РЕАБІЛІТАЦІЇ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ З АМПУТАЦІЄЮ КІНЦІВОК НА ОСНОВІ МУЛЬТИПРОФЕСІЙНОГО ТА ІНДИВІДУАЛЬНОГО ПІДХОДУ
Authors: Bespalenko А. А. , Shchehlіuk O. I. , Kikh A. Yu. , Buryanov О. А. , Volyansky O. M. , Korchenok V. V. , Myhailovska M.M. 
Published: July 2020

Вступ. За даними літератури, серед учасників АТО, ООС переважають поранення кінцівок – 62,5%. Частота ампутації зберігається відносно високою, часто поєднується з іншими травмами м`язово-скелетної системи та потребує індивідуального та мультипрофесійного (МП) підходу.
Мета дослідження: провести аналіз структури ампутацій в учасників АТО ООС; створити алгоритм реабілітації військовослужбовців з ампутаціями, враховуючи індивідуальний та МП підхід.
Матеріали та методи. Проведено аналіз результатів лікування 51 пацієнта з ампутацією з числа учасників АТО, ООС, які були госпіталізовані у відділення реабілітації пацієнтів з ампутованими кінцівками Військово-медичного клінічного лікувально-реабілітаційного центру в період з 26.12.2016 по 01.08.2019. Середній вік на момент поранення складав – 33 роки (від 18 до 54). Розподіл за статтю: чоловіки – 98,1% (n=50), жінки – 1,9% (n=1).
Результати. Відсутність однієї кінцівки внаслідок ампутації спостерігалася у 84,3% (n=43), подвійна ампутація – у 13,7% (n=7), потрійна – у 2,0% (n=1). Основною причиною ампутації були мінно-вибухові поранення – 78,4% (n=40). Найчастіше ампутація кінцівок поєднувалася з акубаротравмою – 47% (n=24) та закритою черепно-мозковою травмою – 41,2% (n=21), порушенням адаптації та депресивними розладами – 56,8% (n=29). У 31% (n=16) ампутація поєднувалася з переломами трубчастих кісток інших кінцівок. Всі ці обставини суттєво впливали на перебіг реабілітації. Враховуючи вище зазначені обставини, було запропоновано алгоритм реабілітації пацієнтів з травматичною ампутацією в періопераційний період, період підготовки до протезування, протезування та віддалений період відповідно до індивідуальної програми реабілітації (ІПР).
Висновки. Враховуючи особливості сучасної травми, а саме часту асоціацію ампутації з іншими м`язово-скелетними травмами, травмами внутрішніх органів, психологічними розладами, алгоритм ведення пацієнтів з ампутацією повинен включати: комплексне лікування з диференційованим індивідуальним підходом з застосування сучасних технологій, ранній початок реабілітації на основі МП підходу та згідно ІПР.
Ebola Virus Disease – An Emergent Public Health Threat of th the Late 20 Century
Authors: Dozie I NS , Nwoke B EB , Amadi A N , Chukwuocha U M , Dozie W U , Ezelote J , Lerum N I , Chidebelu P E , Enweani E O , Faro F O , Nwabueze I C 
Published: July 2020

Ebola virus disease is one of the new emerged infectious diseases of the late 20 century. It is a severe, often fatal illness in humans marked by severe bleeding (haemorrhage), organ failure and with fatality rates of between 50% and 90%. Ebola virus is native to Africa and is previously characterized by outbreaks in isolated and remote communities in the rainforest. The 2014 Ebola outbreak is reported in four West African countries namely, Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Nigeria. Ebola virus disease (EVD) is caused by members of the genus Ebolavirus with five (5) recognized species namely Zaire Ebolavirus, Sudan Ebolavirus, Ivory Coast Ebolavirus, Reston Ebolavirus, and Bundibugyo Ebolavirus, all of which belongs to the family, Filoviridae. The transmission of Ebola virus involve two major steps; firstly from suspected natural hosts or reservoir believed to be fruit bats to animals in the wild and secondly, from animals in the wild to humans. Human-to-human transmission occurs through direct contact (through broken skin or mucous membranes) with the blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids (vomit, faeces, urine, breast milk, semen, and sweat) of infected persons. Although the clinical course of infection with an incubation period of between 2 to 21 days is well known, the specific mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of Ebola virus have not been clearly understood. Several lines of evidence suggest that the viral glycoprotein (GP) plays a key role in the manifestation of Ebola virus infection. EVD can be diagnosed in the laboratory by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), antigen detection tests, serum neutralization tests and virus isolation by cell culture. Currently, there are no approved drugs or vaccines to treat or prevent Ebola. Treatment consists of supportive therapy to maintain electrolyte balance. However experimental vaccines and antiviral drugs are undergoing development and clinical trials. The potential treatment of Ebola Haemorrhagic fever patients with passive immune therapy (i.e. blood transfusion) from convalescent patients is being explored. Prevention of EVD consists of avoiding close contact with gravely ill patients, improvement of personal hygiene especially hand hygiene, strict barrier nursing techniques including the use of personal protective equipment and safe burial of the dead.
METODE PERMAINAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH
Authors: Mardiah Mardiah  
Published: July 2020

Pembelajaran merupakan kegiatan bertujuan yang melibatkan aktivitas siswa dan guru. Untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran, diperlukan pemilihan dan penggunaan metode yang tepat karena metode pembelajaran berfungsi sentral sebagai alat atau cara untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Berkaitan dengan hal ini, tujuan pembelajaran sudah seharusnya dikembangkan berdasarkan tiga ranah, yaitu tujuan kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor. Selain itu, pemilihan metode pembelajaran seharusnya juga mempertimbangkan pengembangan kemampuan siswa dan didasarkan pada hasil kajian antara perilaku yang diharapkan dengan cara yang akan ditempuh dalam proses pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu, pengalaman belajar yang diperoleh siswa diupayakan sesuai dengan minat dan kemampuan siswa.
Guru yang kreatif senantiasa mencari pendekatan baru dalam memecahkan masalah, tidak terpaku pada cara tertentu yang monoton, melainkan memilih variasi lain yang sesuai. Model bermain dalam pembelajaran merupakan salah satu alternative yang dapat ditempuh. Hasil penelitian dan percobaan yang dilakukan oleh para ahli menunjukkan bahwa model bermain dalam pembelajaran merupakan salah satu model yang dapat digunakan secara efektif dalam pembelajaran. Dalam hal ini, metode bermain diarahkan pada pemecahan masalah yang menyangkut hubungan antar manusia, terutama yang menyangkut kehidupan peserta didik.
Kata Kunci: Permainan, Model Bermain, Ibtidaiyah
PANDANGAN AL-QABISI TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN ANAK
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah  
Published: July 2020

Al-Qabisi adalah salah seorang tokoh Muslim yang memiliki concern dalam pendidikan dan pembelajaran. Kuartal pertama abad ke empat hijrah, adalah masa kemajuan fiqh, maka merambah teori pendidikan sebagai sebuah konsentrasi merupakan sebuah loncatan pemikiran yang luar biasa, yang menjadikan al-Qabisi dianggap pionir dalam pemikiran pendidikan Islam.
Secara khusus al-Qabisi membicarakan tentang pendidikan dan pembelajaran terhadap anak-anak, dengan orientasi lembaga. Artinya, ia telah membicarakan manajemen operasional pendidikan untuk segmen tertentu secara khusus yaitu anak-anak. Sebagai konsekuensinya ia harus membicarakan tentang objek kajian tersebut (anak-anak) secara khusus agar ia bisa meletakkan tujuan pokok dan sekunder bagi pendidikan anak-anak, dan pada gilirannya membawnya melakukan kajian mendalam tentang bagaimana melaksanakan pendidikan untuk anak-anak. Dalam hal ini setidaknya ia berjibaku mengajukan penawaran tentang kurikulum, orang-orang yang melaksanakan, dan hal-hal lain yang terkait dengan operasional pendidikan dan pembelajaran terhadap anak-anak.
Kata Kunci: pandangan al-Qabisi, pendidikan anak
Identifying hub genes of papillary thyroid carcinoma in the TCGA and GEO database using bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Wan Ying , Zhang Xiaolian , Leng Huilin , Yin Weihua , Zeng Wenxing , Zhang Congling 
Published: July 2020

Background
Thyroid carcinoma (THCA) is a common endocrine malignant tumor. Papillary carcinoma with low degree of malignancy and good prognosis is the most common. It can occur at any age, but it is more common in young adults. Although the mortality rate is decreased due to early diagnosis, the survival rate varies depending on the type of tumor. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify hub biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets for THCA.

Methods
The GSE3467, GSE3678, GSE33630 and GSE53157 were obtained from the GEO database, including 100 thyroid tumors and 64 normal tissues to obtain the intersection of differentially expressed genes, and a protein-protein interaction network was constructed to obtain the HUB gene. The corresponding overall survival information from The Cancer Genome Atlas Project-THCA was then included in this research. The signature mechanism was studied by analyzing the gene ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome database.

Results
In this research, we identified eight candidate genes (FN1, CCND1, CDH2, CXCL12, MET, IRS1, DCN and FMOD) from the network. Also, expression verification and survival analysis of these candidate genes based on the TCGA database indicate the robustness of the above results. Finally, our hospital samples validated the expression levels of these genes.

Conclusion
The research identified eight mRNA (four up–regulated and four down–regulated) which serve as signatures and could be a potential prognostic marker of THCA.
Prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among pregnant Brazilian women
Authors: Lima M.P.J.S. , Pedro R.J. , Rocha M.D.C. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractObjectives: To determine the prevalence and the risk factors associated with HCV infection among women at childbirth, and to assess potential for infectivity of anti‐HCV‐positive women. Methods: A total of 6995 women were interviewed and screened for HCV antibodies. Association and logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results: The anti‐HCV prevalence was 1.5% by EIA‐3 and 0.8% by RIBA‐3; HCV‐RNA (RT‐PCR) was detected in 74% of the RIBA‐positive samples. Blood transfusion, race (blacks), alcohol abuse, a history of STD and anti‐HBc positivity were independent risk factors for HCV positivity. Except for parenteral exposure, independent predictors of anti‐HCV were a history of STD, anti‐HBc positivity, a sex partner with multiple sex partners and a sex partner with a history of hepatitis. Conclusions: The prevalence of anti‐HCV is higher in pregnant women than in blood donors. Sexual exposure may facilitate the spread of HCV and there is a high potential for mother‐to‐infant transmission.
From ‘culture of dehumanization of childbirth’ to ‘childbirth as a transformative experience’: changes in five municipalities in north‐east Brazil
Authors: Misago C , Kendall C , Freitas P , Haneda K , Silveira D , Onuki D , Mori T , Sadamori T , Umenai T 
Published: July 2002

AbstractBrazil has become a country known as having one of the most extreme examples of the consequences of the hospital‐based medicalization of delivery care, while a model of humanization of birth was developed in the State of Ceará in the 1970s. The Government of Japan, through the Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA), collaborated with the Federal Ministry of Health of Brazil and the Government of the State of Ceará, in implementing the Maternal and Child Health Improvement Project in north‐east Brazil (1996–2001). This project focused on ‘humanization of childbirth’, with training based intervention activities. Behavioral changes among health professionals who received the project's participatory type of training were described using rapid anthropological assessment procedure (RAP) survey results. Changes from ‘a culture of dehumanization of childbirth’ to ‘childbirth as a transformative experience’ were observed.