bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of dentists’ behaviour on the use of patients’ images
Authors: Costa Eliana Dantas , Martins Luciano Augusto Cano , Cral Wilson Gustavo , Peroni Leonardo Vieira , Freitas Deborah Queiroz , Oliveira Matheus Lima 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundPhotographs and radiographs are indispensable resources for dental education, research and dissemination of clinical cases in scientific journals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behaviour of dentists on the use of patients’ images.Material and MethodsFifty‐two dentists were interviewed using a semi‐structured script containing open‐ended questions on the use of patients’ images. The answers were analysed using a qualitative‐quantitative method of the discourse of the collective subject, and the distribution of the absolute and relative frequency of the answers was presented according to the central ideas obtained from the discourses.ResultsThe following central ideas on the use of patients’ images were identified: (a) purpose: didactic and/or academic; (b) informed consent: verbal or absent when the patient cannot be identified; (c) discussion groups on social media contribute to learning; (d) most dentists would not appreciate and sue the author if they had their own photographs/imaging examinations posted on social media; 5. most dentists received some information on ethical regulations during dental school and state that images can be used with patient authorisation, without identification and for didactic/academic purposes.ConclusionDentists consider the use of patients’ images for didactic and scientific purposes beneficial, request informed consent to share mainly images that reveal the identity and would not appreciate if their personal images were shared without consent.
In vivo electrophysiological validation of DREADD‐based modulation of pallidal neurons in the non‐human primate
Authors: Deffains Marc , Nguyen Tho Haï , Orignac Hugues , Biendon Nathalie , Dovero Sandra , Bezard Erwan , Boraud Thomas 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDesigner receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) are widely used in rodents to manipulate neuronal activity and establish causal links between structure and function. Their utilization in non‐human primates (NHPs) is, however, limited and their efficacy still debated. Here, we recorded and examined the neuronal activity in the hM4Di DREADD‐transduced and hM4Di DREADD‐free GPe of two anesthetized animals following local intra‐GPe microinjection of clozapine‐N‐oxide (CNO). Our results revealed that the neuronal activity of the well‐isolated units recorded in the hM4Di DREADD‐transduced GPe exhibited diverse patterns in timing and polarity (increase/decrease) of firing rate modulations following CNO injection. Nevertheless, significant decreases in activity were more frequent (and more pronounced) than significant increases in activity during CNO injection (6/18 vs. 3/18 units) and were exclusive after CNO Injection (8/18 units). In contrast, only one of the 8 well‐isolated units recorded in hM4Di DREADD‐free GPe exhibited a significant increase in activity after CNO injection. Overall, the number of units exhibiting a significant period‐related decrease following CNO injection was significantly larger in hM4Di DREADD‐transduced GPe than in the hM4Di DREADD‐free GPe (8/18 [44.4%] vs. 0/8 [0%]). Moreover, postmortem histochemical analysis revealed that hM4Di DREADDs were expressed at high level in the GPe neurons located in the vicinity of the viral vector injection sites. Our results therefore show in vivo hM4Di DREADD‐based inhibition of pallidal neurons in the NHP model and reinforce the view that DREADD technology can be effective in NHPs.
Quantitative sensory testing of the equine face
Authors: Veres‐Nyéki Kata O. , Nyéki József , Bodó Gábor , Spadavecchia Claudia 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundQuantitative sensory testing methods are now standard in the evaluation of sensory function in man, while few normal equine values have been reported.ObjectivesThe aim of this experimental study was (a) to define the tactile sensory, mechanical nociceptive and thermal nociceptive thresholds of the equine face; (b) to assess the effect of age, sex, stimulation site and shaving; (c) to evaluate the reliability of the methods and (d) to provide reference facial quantitative sensory testing values.Study designMethod description.MethodsThirty‐four healthy Warmblood horses were used in the study. Six (tactile sensory threshold) and five (mechanical nociceptive and thermal nociceptive thresholds) areas of the left side of the face with clear anatomical landmarks were evaluated. Ten horses had two (mechanical nociceptive threshold) or three (tactile sensory and thermal nociceptive thresholds) of these areas shaved for another study. A linear Mixed model was used for data analysis.ResultsAll thresholds increased with age (tactile sensory threshold: by 0.90 g/y (CI = [0.12 g; 0.36 g]) P = .001; mechanical nociceptive threshold: by 0.25 N/y (CI = [0.13‐0.36 N]) P = .000; thermal nociceptive threshold: by 0.2°C/y (CI = [0.055‐0.361]) P = .008). Sex had no effect on thresholds (tactile sensory threshold: P = .1; mechanical nociceptive threshold: P = .09; thermal nociceptive threshold: P = .2). Stimulation site affected tactile sensory and mechanical nociceptive thresholds (P = .001 and P = .008), but not thermal nociceptive threshold (P = .9). Shaving had no significant effect on any of the thresholds (tactile sensory threshold: P = .06; mechanical nociceptive threshold: P = .08; thermal nociceptive threshold: P = .09).Main limitationsOnly the left side was investigated and measurements were obtained on a single occasion.ConclusionsHandheld quantitative sensory testing does not require shaving or clipping to provide reliable measurements. Stimulation over the nostril (tactile sensory threshold), temporomandibular joint (mechanical nociceptive threshold) and supraorbital foramen (thermal nociceptive threshold) resulted in the most consistent thresholds.
DNA barcoding of fish eggs collected off northwestern Cuba and across the Florida Straits demonstrates egg transport by mesoscale eddies
Authors: Kerr Makenzie , Browning Jeremy , Bønnelycke Eva‐Maria , Zhang Yingjun , Hu Chuanmin , Armenteros Maickel , Murawski Steven , Peebles Ernst , Breitbart Mya 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIdentifying spawning sites for broadcast spawning fish species is a key element of delineating critical habitat for managing and regulating marine fisheries. Genetic barcoding has enabled accurate taxonomic identification of individual fish eggs, overcoming limitations of morphological classification techniques. In this study, planktonic fish eggs were collected at 23 stations along the northwestern coast of Cuba and across the Florida Straits to United States waters. A total of 564 fish eggs were successfully identified to 89 taxa within 30 families, with the majority of taxa resolved to species. We provide new spawning information for Luvarus imperialis (Louvar), Bothus lunatus (Plate Fish), Eumegistus illustris (Brilliant Pomfret), and many economically important species. Data from most sites supported previously established patterns of eggs from neritic fish species being found on continental shelves and oceanic species spawning over deeper waters. However, some sites deviated from this pattern, with eggs from reef‐associated fish species detected in the deep waters of the Florida Straits and pelagic species detected in the shallow, continental shelf waters off the coast of northwestern Cuba. Further investigation using satellite imagery revealed the presence of a mesoscale cyclonic eddy that likely entrained neritic fish eggs and transported them into the Florida Straits. The technique of combining DNA‐based fish egg identification with remotely‐sensed hydrodynamics provides an important new tool for assessing the interplay of regional oceanography with fish spawning strategies.
Evaluation of an implementation project: The exercise physiology in aged care program
Authors: Parfitt Gaynor , Post Dannielle , Penington Alison , Davison Kade , Corlis Megan 
Published: April 2020

AimIt is important for older adults to maintain the ability to be physically active, and to experience the benefits that physical activity brings. This study evaluates a 12‐week Accredited Exercise Physiologist‐led exercise program for vulnerable older adults living with dementia, delivered in a residential aged care facility in South Australia. The value of the program was also evaluated from the perspective of partners‐in‐care (family members and care staff).MethodsParticipants (n = 59) were randomized to either an intervention or control group, based on their functional and cognitive status. Physical function, cognitive function and habitual physical activity were assessed at baseline and post‐intervention. In total, 51 family members and 44 care staff completed surveys or participated to understand their perspectives of residents' capacity to exercise, as well as their perceptions of the impact of the program.ResultsRepeated measures ANOVA identified evidence for maintenance of physical function (timed‐up‐and‐go [ɳ2 = 0.19], handgrip strength [ɳ2 = 0.13]); however, there were no differences for objectively measured habitual activity or cognitive function. Evidence for a dose effect was demonstrated for the 2‐min walk and timed‐up‐and‐go associated with the number of individual sessions attended by a participant. Partners‐in‐care perceived greater improvement compared with deterioration across all measured factors [(P < 0.01, partial eta2 (ɳ2) =0.19] ranged from 0.35 to 0.78) post‐intervention. Perceptions and expectations of who could benefit from participation were changed (P < 0.05) and indicated that all but the most severely declined residents would be likely to benefit.ConclusionsData supporting the maintenance for some physical functions suggest that this type of program should be considered for older adults living with dementia in residential aged care facilities. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; ••: ••–••.
Efficacy and safety of mirabegron for the treatment of low compliance bladder resulting from sacral/infrasacral lesions: A prospective study
Authors: Vasudeva Pawan , Yadav Siddharth , Madersbacher Helmut , Kumar Niraj , Prasad Vishnu , Saurav Kumar , Kumar Ramesh , Borah Diganta 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the efficacy and safety of mirabegron in patients with sacral/infrasacral lesions who have an acontractile detrusor and develop a low compliance bladder.MethodsThis prospective study included adult patients with acontractile detrusor as a result of sacral/infrasacral lesions who develop a low compliance bladder (compliance <20 mL/cmH2O). All patients were asked to make a 48‐h clean intermittent catheterization diary and underwent invasive urodynamics evaluation at the baseline, and were started on mirabegron 50 mg once daily. Patients were re‐evaluated at 6 weeks with a repeat clean intermittent catheterization diary and invasive urodynamics, and the efficacy and safety of mirabegron was assessed.ResultsA total of 17 patients were included. After 6 weeks of mirabegron therapy, the number of patients reporting leakage in between clean intermittent catheterization reduced from seven to two (P = 0.02), the end filling pressures reduced from 41.4 to 15.1 cmH2O (P = 0.003), the compliance increased from 9.8 to 99.9 mL/cmH2O (P = 0.000), and the number of patients where the end filling pressure was >40 cmH2O reduced from eight to one (P = 0.02). The cystometric bladder capacity did not change significantly. Similar effects were noted in patients who were already on clean intermittent catheterization or were started on clean intermittent catheterization at inclusion in the study. Mirabegron was well tolerated, none of the patients discontinued therapy or reported major side‐effects.ConclusionsMirabegron reduces end filling pressure, improves compliance and is safe in patients with a low compliance bladder resulting from a sacral/infrasacral lesion.
Parents with psychosis and their children: experiences of Beardslee’s intervention
Authors: Strand Jennifer , Meyersson Niklas 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTo meet children’s needs for information and support when a parent has a mental illness, Beardslee’s family intervention was implemented in Swedish psychosis care. The present study aimed to gain understanding of how parents’ with psychosis and their children experienced having taken part in Beardslee’s family intervention. The study followed COREQ guidelines. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 15 participants (8 parents with psychosis and 7 children) who had participated in the family intervention. Data were analysed with content analysis. Results showed that the parents perceived that the intervention had contributed to improved illness knowledge, communication, and understanding in the family. They also appreciated receiving support in finding an age‐adapted way of explaining their illness, but asked for structured follow‐ups in order to maintain communication. However, comparing parents’ and children’s interviews led to discrepancies in perceptions of the overall benefits of the intervention. In conclusion, parents with psychosis need continual support in talking to their children about their illness. Furthermore, discrepancies between parents’ and children’s interviews show the importance of multi‐perspective data collection when studying intervention effects.
Reinvestigation of the photostrictive effect in lanthanum‐modified lead zirconate titanate ferroelectrics
Authors: Chen Chen , Li Xiu , Lu Teng , Liu Yun , Yi Zhiguo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPhotostriction of lanthanum‐modified lead zirconate titanate (PLZT) was commonly attributed to the combination of anomalous photovoltaic effect and inverse piezoelectric response. Herein, distinct photostrictions are detected in both poled and unpoled PLZT ceramics under 405 and 520 nm laser illuminations. The maximum photostriction around 0.09% is obtained in unpoled PLZT under 405 nm illumination, which is nine times of previously reported value that deduced from poled PLZT. The photoelectric and photovoltaic characterizations of poled/unpoled PLZT further evidence that the detected photostriction shows no direct association with the photovoltage‐induced inverse piezoresponse. The light‐induced microstructure changes observed by in situ piezoelectric force microscopy are revealed by domain evolutions along the boundaries. The possible photostriction mechanism of PLZT is attributed to the strong photo‐induced electron‐lattice coupling, which is suggested by the light‐induced changes of the Zr/Ti‐O‐Zr/Ti bonds reflected by the power‐dependent Raman spectra. This study extends the photostriction of PLZT to visible light range and will also stimulate reappraisal of the underlying mechanism of photostrictive effect involving ferroelectrics.
Multiple late‐Pleistocene colonisation events of the Antarctic pearlwortColobanthus quitensis(Caryophyllaceae) reveal the recent arrival of native Antarctic vascular flora
Authors: Biersma Elisabeth M. , Torres‐Díaz Cristian , Molina‐Montenegro Marco A. , Newsham Kevin. K. , Vidal Marcela A. , Collado Gonzalo A. , Acuña‐Rodríguez Ian S. , Ballesteros Gabriel I. , Figueroa Christian C. , Goodall‐Copestake William P. , Leppe Marcelo A. , Cuba‐Díaz Marely , Valladares Moisés A. , Pertierra Luis R. , Convey Peter 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimAntarctica's remote and extreme terrestrial environments are inhabited by only two species of native vascular plants. We assessed genetic connectivity amongst Antarctic and South American populations of one of these species,Colobanthus quitensis, to determine its origin and age in Antarctica.LocationMaritime Antarctic, sub‐Antarctic islands, South America.TaxonAntarctic pearlwortColobanthus quitensis(Caryophyllaceae).MethodsFour chloroplast markers and one nuclear marker were sequenced from 270 samples from a latitudinal transect spanning 21–68° S. Phylogeographic, population genetic and molecular dating analyses were used to assess the demographic history ofC. quitensisand the age of the species in Antarctica.ResultsMaritime Antarctic populations consisted of two different haplotype clusters, occupying the northern and southern Maritime Antarctic. Molecular dating analyses suggestedC. quitensisto be a young (<1 Ma) species, with contemporary population structure derived since the late‐Pleistocene.Main conclusions.The Maritime Antarctic populations likely derived from two independent, late‐Pleistocene dispersal events. Both clusters shared haplotypes with sub‐Antarctic South Georgia, suggesting higher connectivity across the Southern Ocean than previously thought. The overall findings of multiple colonization events by a vascular plant species to Antarctica, and the recent timing of these events, are of significance with respect to future colonizations of the Antarctic Peninsula by vascular plants, particularly with predicted increases in ice‐free land in this area. This study fills a significant gap in our knowledge of the age of the contemporary Antarctic terrestrial biota. Adding to previous inferences on the other Antarctic vascular plant species (the grassDeschampsia antarctica), we suggest that both angiosperm species are likely to have arrived on a recent (late‐Pleistocene) time‐scale. While most major groups of Antarctic terrestrial biota include examples of much longer‐term Antarctic persistence, the vascular flora stands out as the first identified terrestrial group that appears to be of recent origin.
Plio‐Pleistocene sea‐level changes drive speciation of freshwater fishes in north‐western Australia
Authors: Shelley James J. , Swearer Stephen E. , Dempster Tim , Adams Mark , Le Feuvre Matthew C. , Hammer Michael P. , Unmack Peter J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimDespite the influence of sea‐level changes on biogeographic/phylogeographic patterns in freshwater ecosystems being well documented, studies that explicitly link the influence of sea‐level change with speciation are rare. We aim to test the hypothesis that sea‐level changes during the Pliocene and Pleistocene have driven speciation in north‐western Australia's (NWA’s) largest freshwater fish family, Terapontidae, building upon a body of evolutionary literature focussed on the family.LocationNorth‐western Australian rivers including those draining the Kimberley Plateau.TaxonGrunters (Family: Terapontidae, Genera: Hannia, Hephaestus, Leiopotherapon, Syncomistes).MethodsA GIS was used to reconstruct palaeodrainages during lowered sea levels and to delineate regions of high connectivity during low and high (current) sea‐level conditions. For seven species, the degree of phylogenetic divergence among river basins in different regions was evaluated using a maximum likelihood phylogeny and analyses of the proportion of genetic divergence expressed with 601 base pairs of the mtDNA cytochrome b (cytb) gene.ResultsA low proportion of cytb haplotypes were shared among catchments not connected by the same receiving waters (e.g. estuaries) under current (high) sea levels, indicating that contemporary dispersal is limited over fine spatial scales. Deeper phylogeographic patterns were largely congruent with reconstructed low sea‐level (LSL) drainage arrangements indicating that historic among‐catchment connectivity was far more widespread under LSL conditions.Main ConclusionsThe NWA landscape represents a geographic template that has shaped patterns of broad dispersal under low sea levels, and fine‐scale isolation under high sea levels. The weight of evidence from recent literature on species boundaries and evolutionary patterns within the terapontids suggests that most NWA species were derived rapidly and recently from a series of spatio‐temporal vicariant events caused by such sea‐level fluctuations during the late Pliocene and Pleistocene. Together, the findings provide a rare, comprehensively tested example of sea‐level change driving speciation in the tropics.
Validating the Framingham Hypertension Risk Score: A 4‐year follow‐up from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of the Adult Health (ELSA‐Brasil)
Authors: Syllos Danielli Haddad , Calsavara Vinicius F. , Bensenor Isabela M. , Lotufo Paulo A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Framingham Heart Study published an equation that permits to estimate the 4‐year incidence of hypertension among adults. In Brazil, only the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA‐Brasil) of 15 105 men and women aged 35‐74 years enrolled in 2008‐2010 has data that can validate the Framingham Risk Score for Hypertension and create a new equation according to the Brazilian population. We examined the predictive performance of the Framingham Risk Score for Hypertension in the ELSA‐Brasil using as an outcome variable, the 4‐year incidence of hypertension. We split randomly the 8027 participants who participated in the second visit (2012‐2014) and without hypertension at baseline in derivation data set (n = 4825; 60%) and a validation data set (n = 3202 participants; 40%). The area under the curve for Framingham Risk Score for Hypertension and ELSA‐Brasil Risk Score was relatively similar. Hosmer‐Lemeshow chi‐squared statistic applied for the Framingham Risk Score was 3.78 (P‐value = .876) and for our model was 8.22 (P‐value = .41), disclosing good discrimination and calibration for both models. Even with these classification intervals, our model presents more underestimation of the risk, classifying 15% of the participants with new onset of hypertension in low risk vs 9% of the Framingham model and less overestimation of the risk, classifying 17% of the participants without hypertension as high risk vs 24% of the Framingham model. We concluded that the Framingham Risk Score for Hypertension has an acceptable performance when applied in the ELSA‐Brasil population with good discrimination and calibration.
Pre‐treatment impairment of oral health‐related quality of life is associated with variations in minimal clinically important differences among patients with removable partial denture treatment
Authors: Myint Oo K Zin , Fueki Kenji , Inamochi Yuka , Yoshida‐Kohno Eiko , Hayashi Yoko , Wakabayashi Noriyuki 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe minimal clinically important differences (MID) of the Oral Health‐related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) are the benchmark to meaningfully interpret treatment outcomes. However, there is no available information regarding the factors impact the MID variations after removable partial denture (RPD) treatment.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the pre‐treatment OHRQoL impairment on the MID in the oral health impact profile (OHIP) after RPD treatment.MethodsIn this prospective study, OHIP and Self‐reported Oral Health (SROH) questionnaires were administered to patients before and 3 months after RPD treatment. The MID in each OHIP version (OHIP‐49, OHIP‐20, OHIP‐14 and OHIP‐5) was the mean score of patients who showed a minimum SROH improvement. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the influence of the pre‐treatment OHIP summary score on the MID score.ResultsAmong 248 participants who completed both evaluations, 85 (34%) patients had minimum SROH improvements after RPD treatment. Multiple regression analysis indicated that each 10‐point increase in the pre‐treatment summary OHIP score was associated with an increase in the MID score of three points for OHIP‐49 and four points for OHIP‐20, OHIP‐14 and OHIP‐5 (P < .05), after controlling for age, sex and the number of missing teeth. Therefore, the MID increased as the pre‐treatment OHRQoL was impaired.ConclusionsThe MID was accounted for by approximately one‐third of the pre‐treatment summary score, independent of the OHIP version, in the interpretation of the effects of RPD treatment on patients’ OHRQoL.