bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A mobile nondestructive testing (NDT) system for fast detection of impact damage in fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP)
Authors: Rittmann Johannes , Rahammer Markus , Holtmann Niels , Kreutzbruck Marc 
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Impact damage in fiber-reinforced plastics, such as carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics (CFRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced plastics (GFRP), involves high challenges to nondestructive testing (NDT). The anisotropic material structure significantly complicates the interpretation of results in conventional testing. Resonant frequency sweep thermography (RFST) based on local defect resonance combined with well-known ultrasonic thermography enables the fast and simple detection of relevant impact damages. RFST utilizes frequency sweep excitation in the low- and mid-kilohertz range to activate defect resonances with low acoustical power of a few megawatts. Resonances of defects amplify the acoustic vibration amplitude by more than 1 order of magnitude and lead to a significant enhancement of the corresponding thermal signal. This is based on both crack friction and/or visco-elastic heating and can be detected at the part surface by an infrared camera. The defect detection threshold depends on excitation power and the distance between the defect and the ultrasonic source. For this new NDT approach, a first prototype system in the form of a tripod
with an integrated infrared (IR) camera and ultrasonic excitation was developed. It
stands out due to its simple handling and flexible applications. Augmented
reality assists the inspector to interpret the results and mark the defect by
projecting the evaluated test result onto the part surface. In this article, the first results from a series of impact damages in CFRP of varying impact energies and crack sizes are presented.
Theory and Philosophy: Antonyms in Our Semantic Field?
Authors: Jay Martin 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
Building on the argument of a 1996 piece called “For Theory,” which situated “theory” in a force field of its putative opposite terms, this essay explores the way “philosophy” has come to be considered an antonym of “theory” in much contemporary discourse. It argues that despite their often contrasting meanings and connotations, the two terms would benefit from a dialogue in which the strengths of each were acknowledged without their being either hierarchically positioned or turned into bland synonyms.
The Body as a Site of Material-Symbolic Struggle: Toward a Marxist New Materialism
Authors: Chaput Catherine 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
This essay explores how a physiological notion of affect, one predicated on the transsubstantial circulation of micro-materiality, provides useful connectivity among old and new materialisms. First, it explores nascent theories of energetic matter in Marxism as potential sites for new materialist extensions. Second, it proposes affect as a theoretical shorthand for the circulating flows of matter central to the physiological production, orientation, and materialization of bodily capacities, including the ability to reinvent political economic habituation from the perspective of difference. Third, it illustrates the contributions of a Marxist new materialism through a brief discussion of contemporary race politics.
Liquid Biopsy in Breast Cancer: A Focused Review
Authors: Tay Timothy Kwang Yong , Tan Puay Hoon 
Published: February 2020

Context.—
The role of liquid biopsy in cancer management has been gaining increased prominence in the past decade, with well-defined clinical applications now being established in lung cancer. Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration also approved the Therascreen PIK3CA RGQ polymerase chain reaction assay as a companion diagnostic assay to detect PIK3CA mutations in breast cancer for both tissue and liquid biopsies, bringing the role of liquid biopsy in breast cancer management to the fore. Its utility in other aspects of breast cancer, however, is yet to be clearly defined.

Objective.—
To review the studies that looked at liquid biopsies in breast cancer and examine their potential for clinical application in the areas of early diagnosis, prognostication, monitoring disease response, detecting minimal residual disease, and predicting risk of progression or relapse. We focus mainly on circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA.

Data sources.—
Peer-reviewed articles in PubMed.

Conclusions.—
Liquid biopsies in breast cancers have yielded promising results, especially in the areas of monitoring treatment response and predicting disease progression or relapse. With further study, and hopefully coupled with continued improvements in technologies that isolate tumor-derived materials, liquid biopsies may go on to play a greater role in the breast cancer clinic.
From Shape to Function: The Next Step in Bioprinting
Authors: Levato Riccardo , Jungst Tomasz , Scheuring Ruben G. , Blunk Torsten , Groll Juergen , Malda Jos 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn 2013, the “biofabrication window” was introduced to reflect the processing challenge for the fields of biofabrication and bioprinting. At that time, the lack of printable materials that could serve as cell‐laden bioinks, as well as the limitations of printing and assembly methods, presented a major constraint. However, recent developments have now resulted in the availability of a plethora of bioinks, new printing approaches, and the technological advancement of established techniques. Nevertheless, it remains largely unknown which materials and technical parameters are essential for the fabrication of intrinsically hierarchical cell–material constructs that truly mimic biologically functional tissue. In order to achieve this, it is urged that the field now shift its focus from materials and technologies toward the biological development of the resulting constructs. Therefore, herein, the recent material and technological advances since the introduction of the biofabrication window are briefly summarized, i.e., approaches how to generate shape, to then focus the discussion on how to acquire the biological function within this context. In particular, a vision of how biological function can evolve from the possibility to determine shape is outlined.
Sub‐10 nm Au–Ag Heterogeneous Plasmonic Nanogaps
Authors: Gu Panpan , Zheng Tianxing , Zhang Wei , Ai Bin , Zhao Zhiyuan , Zhang Gang 
Published: February 2020

AbstractControlling the formation of bimetallic heterogeneous nanogaps structures have many applications in the plasmonics and catalysis fields. Here, a simple and systematic method is developed to fabricate tunable and stable Au–Ag nanowire‐based plasmonic metamaterials. The sub‐10 nm Au–Ag bimetallic heterogeneous nanogaps with desirable optical properties are fabricated by a simple, ultrarapid, and robust nanoskiving technique. Compared to the monometallic linear Ag–Ag and Au–Au nanogaps, the Au–Ag bimetallic heterogeneous nanogaps exhibit remarkable surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) enhancement properties due to the nanogaps between the adjacent Au/Ag nanowires, and the Ag/Au bimetallic composite film. In addition, 3D bimetallic heterogeneous nanogaps are built and produce much stronger electric fields than those of the 1D linear nanogaps. The sub‐10 nm Au–Ag heterogeneous nanogaps are promising to be used in SERS substrate, plasmon devices, catalysis, and printed electronics.
All‐Polymer High‐Performance Photodetector through Lamination
Authors: Xia Yuxin , Aguirre Luis Ever , Xu Xiaofeng , Inganäs Olle 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAll‐polymer and semitransparent organic photodetectors (OPDs) fabricated through lamination on flexible substrates are demonstrated. Through lamination both bilayer and bulk heterojunction (BHJ) configurations for two different all‐polymer blends are easily made, and characterized in terms of detectivity, linear dynamic range (LDR), and bandwidth. These devices show high detectivity up to 1011 Jones. The importance of measured noise rather than estimated shot noise in detectivity calculation is discussed and emphasized. With this high detectivity and with the geometric flexibility due to the polymer materials, these detectors can be attached to curved surfaces for optical detection. Their use at fingertips for heart rate sensing is demonstrated. These devices also have a very wide bandwidth of more than 300 kHz and an LDR of 75 dB. As such the, roll‐to‐roll compatible lamination method shows great potential for high‐performance OPDs fabrication.
Selective Binding of Dopamine and Epinephrine in Water by Molecularly Imprinted Fluorescent Receptors
Authors: Duan Likun , Zhao Yan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCatecholamines play important roles in biology but their structural similarity makes it challenging to construct synthetic receptors with selective binding. A combination of covalent and noncovalent binding groups in the hydrophobic core of water‐soluble nanoparticles enabled them to recognize dopamine and epinephrine with an association constant (Ka) of 3–4×104 M−1 in water, an order of magnitude higher than those of previously reported synthetic hosts. In addition, minute structural changes among analogues were detected including the addition or removal of a single hydroxyl or methyl group.
Prehospital triage of acute aortic syndrome using a machine learning algorithm
Authors: Duceau B , Alsac J-M , Bellenfant F , Mailloux A , Champigneulle B , Favé G , Neuschwander A , El Batti S , Cholley B , Achouh P , Pirracchio R 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundAcute aortic syndrome (AAS) comprises a complex and potentially fatal group of conditions requiring emergency specialist management. The aim of this study was to build a prediction algorithm to assist prehospital triage of AAS.MethodsDetails of consecutive patients enrolled in a regional specialist aortic network were collected prospectively. Two prediction algorithms for AAS based on logistic regression and an ensemble machine learning method called SuperLearner (SL) were developed. Undertriage was defined as the proportion of patients with AAS not transported to the specialist aortic centre, and overtriage as the proportion of patients with alternative diagnoses but transported to the specialist aortic centre.ResultsData for 976 hospital admissions between February 2010 and June 2017 were included; 609 (62·4 per cent) had AAS. Overtriage and undertriage rates were 52·3 and 16·1 per cent respectively. The population was divided into a training cohort (743 patients) and a validation cohort (233). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve values for the logistic regression score and the SL were 0·68 (95 per cent c.i. 0·64 to 0·72) and 0·87 (0·84 to 0·89) respectively (P &lt; 0·001) in the training cohort, and 0·67 (0·60 to 0·74) and 0·73 (0·66 to 0·79) in the validation cohort (P = 0·038). The logistic regression score was associated with undertriage and overtriage rates of 33·7 (bootstrapped 95 per cent c.i. 29·3 to 38·3) and 7·2 (4·8 to 9·8) per cent respectively, whereas the SL yielded undertriage and overtriage rates of 1·0 (0·3 to 2·0) and 30·2 (25·8 to 34·8) per cent respectively.ConclusionA machine learning prediction model performed well in discriminating AAS and could be clinically useful in prehospital triage of patients with suspected AAS.
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the thyroid: A case report and ƚiterature review
Authors: Nguyen Van Bang , Nguyen Van Vy Hau , Tran Binh Thang , Le Chi Van , Dang Cong Thuan , Baek Jung Hwan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis report describes a patient who presented with a large thyroid nodule and compressive symptoms. Immunohistochemical staining showed diffuse marked reactivity for vimentin and focal reactivity for CD68 and Ki‐67 that is compatible with primary undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the thyroid. This report emphasizes and discusses extremely rare thyroid cancer type.
Utilization of Formic Acid as C1 Building Block for the Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Formaldehyde Surrogates
Authors: Beydoun Kassem , Thenert Katharina , Wiesenthal Jan , Hoppe Corinna , Klankermayer Jürgen 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDialkoxymethanes are becoming increasingly important as fuel additives, formaldehyde surrogates, and chemical intermediates, but the effective synthesis remains challenging. Herein, the catalytic synthesis of dialkoxymethane products using a molecular catalyst is reported. The catalytic system, comprising the [Ru(triphos)(tmm)] in combination with the Lewis acid Al(OTf)3, enables the direct synthesis of dialkoxymethane products with formic acid as C1 building block in high to excellent turnover numbers.
FeNi Alloy Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Carbon Shells Supported on N‐Doped Graphene‐Like Carbon as Efficient and Stable Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysts
Authors: Li Guang‐Lan , Yang Bei‐Bei , Xu Xiao‐Cun , Cao Shuo , Shi Yantao , Yan Yang , Song Xuedan , Hao Ce 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe development of cost‐effective and durable oxygen electrocatalysts remains highly critical but challenging for energy conversion and storage devices. Herein, a novel FeNi alloy nanoparticle core encapsulated in carbon shells supported on a N‐enriched graphene‐like carbon matrix (denoted as FeNi@C/NG) was constructed by facile pyrolyzing the mixture of metal salts, glucose, and dicyandiamide. The in situ pyrolysis of dicyandiamide in the presence of glucose plays a significant effect on the fabrication of the porous FeNi@C/NG with a high content of doped N and large specific surface area. The optimized FeNi@C/NG catalyst displays not only a superior catalytic performance for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR, with an onset potential of 1.0 V and half‐wave potential of 0.84 V) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER, the potential at 10 mA cm−2 is 1.66 V) simultaneously in alkaline, but also outstanding long‐term cycling durability. The excellent bifunctional ORR/OER electrocatalytic performance is ascribed to the synergism of the carbon shell and FeNi alloy core together with the high‐content of nitrogen doped on the large specific surface area graphene‐like carbon.
Structural Tunability and Diversity of Two‐Dimensional Lead Halide Benzenethiolate
Authors: Coffey Aidan H. , Yoo Pilsun , Kim Dong Hee , Akriti  , Zeller Matthias , Avetian Sona , Huang Libai , Liao Peilin , Dou Letian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) organic‐inorganic hybrid materials are currently of great interest for applications in electronics and optoelectronics. Here, the synthesis and optical properties of a new type of halide‐organothiolate‐mixed 2D hybrid material, Pb2X(S‐C6H5)3, are reported, in which X is a halide (I, Br, or Cl). Different from conventional lead‐based 2D layered materials, these compounds feature unusual five‐coordinated lead centers with a stereochemically active electron lone pair on the lead atoms and four‐coordinated iodine atoms. The Pb2X(S‐C6H5)3 materials feature an indirect bandgap, strongly emissive long‐lived self‐trap states, and an extremely large Stokes shift. Interestingly, the optical bandgap of the materials can be tuned through variation of the halides; however, the photoluminescence is less sensitive to the composition and is more likely dominated by lead‐sulfur lattice interactions or the lead lone‐pair electrons. Our results support that a halide–organothiolate mixed anion hybrid structure offers a unique platform for discovering new exciting 2D electronic materials.
Cobalt(II)‐Catalyzed [4+2] Annulation of Picolinamides with Alkynes via C−H Bond Activation
Authors: Yao Yongqi , Lin Qifu , Yang Wen , Yang Weitao , Gu Fenglong , Guo Wei , Yang Dingqiao 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA cobalt(II)‐catalyzed [4+2] annulation of picolinamides with alkynes via C−H bond activation has been developed. The operationally simple annulation reaction allows for the synthesis of acyl‐substituted 1H‐benzoquinoline bearing multiple aromatic rings (up to 96 % yield) without co‐oxidant or other oxidation factors under mild conditions. Several control experiments were carried out. This practical [4+2] annulation provides an efficient route to access highly functionalized compounds.
Theoretical Analysis of the Mackay Icosahedral Cluster Pd55(PiPr3)12(μ3‐CO)20: An Open‐Shell 20‐Electron Superatom
Authors: Wei Jianyu , Marchal Rémi , Astruc Didier , Saillard Jean‐Yves , Halet Jean‐François , Kahlal Samia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe electronic structure of the spherical Mackay icosahedral nanosized cluster Pd55(PiPr3)12(μ3‐CO)20 is analyzed by using DFT calculations. Results reveal that it can be considered as a regular superatom with a “magic” electron count of 20, characterized by a 1S2 1P6 1D10 2S2 jellium configuration. Its open shell nature is associated with partial occupation of non‐jellium, 4d‐type, levels located on the interior of the Pd55 kernel. This shows that the superatom model can be used to rationalize the bonding and stability of spherical ligated group 10 clusters, despite their apparent 0‐electron count.
Sodium‐ion capacitors: Materials, Mechanism, and Challenges
Authors: Zhang Yadi , Jiang Jiangmin , An Yufeng , Wu Langyuan , Dou Hui , Zhang Jiaoxia , Zhang Yu , Wu Shide , Dong Mengyao , Zhang Xiaogang , Guo Zhanhu 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSodium‐ion capacitors (SICs), designed to attain high energy density, rapid energy delivery, and long lifespan, have attracted much attention because of their comparable performance to lithium‐ion capacitors (LICs), alongside abundant sodium resources. Conventional SIC design is based on battery‐like anodes and capacitive cathodes, in which the battery‐like anode materials involve various reactions, such as insertion, alloying, and conversion reactions, and the capacitive cathode materials usually depend on activated carbon (AC). However, researchers have attempted to construct SICs based on battery‐like cathodes and capacitive anodes or a combination of both in recent years. In this Minireview, charge storage mechanisms and material design strategies for SICs are summarized, with a focus on the battery‐like anode materials from both inorganic and organic sources. Additionally, the challenges in the fabrication of SICs and future research directions are discussed.
Evidence of ecological niche shift in Rhododendron ponticum (L.) in Britain: Hybridization as a possible cause of rapid niche expansion
Authors: Manzoor Syed Amir , Griffiths Geoffrey , Obiakara Maxwell C. , Esparza‐Estrada Citlalli Edith , Lukac Martin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBiological invasions threaten global biodiversity and natural resources. Anticipating future invasions is central to strategies for combating the spread of invasive species. Ecological niche models are thus increasingly used to predict potential distribution of invasive species. In this study, we compare ecological niches of Rhododendron ponticum in its native (Iberian Peninsula) and invasive (Britain) ranges. Here, we test the conservation of ecological niche between invasive and native populations of R. ponticum using principal component analysis, niche dynamics analysis, and MaxEnt‐based reciprocal niche modeling. We show that niche overlap between native and invasive populations is very low, leading us to the conclusion that the two niches are not equivalent and are dissimilar. We conclude that R. ponticum occupies novel environmental conditions in Britain. However, the evidence of niche shift presented in this study should be treated with caution because of nonanalogue climatic conditions between native and invasive ranges and a small population size in the native range. We then frame our results in the context of contradicting genetic evidence on possible hybridization of this invasive species in Britain. We argue that the existing contradictory studies on whether hybridization caused niche shift in R. ponticum are not sufficient to prove or disprove this hypothesis. However, we present a series of theoretical arguments which indicate that hybridization is a likely cause of the observed niche expansion of R. ponticum in Britain.
Posttraumatic stress disorder predicts non‐completion of day hospital treatment for bulimia nervosa and other specified feeding/eating disorder
Authors: Trottier Kathryn 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) predicts non‐completion of CBT‐based day hospital treatment for bulimia nervosa (BN) and other specified feeding and eating disorder (OSFED).MethodParticipants were 151 day hospital patients with BN or OSFED. Participants were assessed at pretreatment via interview and self‐report measures. Cox regression was used to model the rate and timing of treatment termination; pretreatment binge and vomit frequencies, eating disorder‐related clinical impairment, depression, and ED psychopathology were entered as covariates.ResultsParticipants who screened positive for PTSD (n = 64) had more severe ED psychopathology, ED‐related impairment, negative schemas, and depression relative to those who did not screen positive. Cox regression indicated that PTSD significantly predicted premature termination and was associated with a 2.32 times greater risk. Individuals with BN or OSFED and co‐occurring PTSD were particularly likely to terminate in the early phase of treatment compared with later in treatment.ConclusionPTSD appears to affect some individuals' ability to complete intensive ED treatment. Future research should examine whether PTSD predicts premature termination from less intensive ED treatments, as well as in other intensive treatment settings, and whether PTSD predicts poorer outcomes from ED treatment.
Food hazards on the European Union market: The data analysis of the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed
Authors: Pigłowski Marcin 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe aim of the study was to examine similarities in notifications on main hazards within food reported in the Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed (RASFF) in 1979–2017. The main problems were mycotoxins in nuts, pathogenic microorganisms in poultry meat and fish, pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, and heavy metals in fish. The increase in the number of notifications has been observed since 2002/2003. Products were notified mainly by Italy, Germany, and United Kingdom and originated from Asian and European Union countries. The notification basis was border control and official control, and the notification type was border rejections, information, and alerts. Notified products were not distributed and not placed on the market, distribution status could be also not specified, or distribution was possible, also to other countries. The risk decision on hazard was usually not made. Products were redispatched, withdrawn from the market, and destroyed, or import was not authorized. Remarks, which can be used to improve the RASFF database, were also presented. It was further pointed out that European law should significantly reduce the use of pesticides, drugs, and food additives, and European agriculture should be reoriented from an intensive farming to a more sustainable and ecological one.