bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure-based virtual screening of bioherbicide candidates for weeds in sugarcane plantation using in silico approaches
Authors: PERMATASARI Galuh Wening , PUTRANTO Riza Arief , WIDIASTUTI Happy 
Published: November 2020

Weeds in sugarcane have negatively affected the sugar yield rate. Several approaches have been carried out to overcome the weeds, including the usage of diuron as synthetic herbicide. However, the long-term usage of diuron is known to have a negative effect leads to the production of 3,4- Dichloroaniline responsible for soil leach and bioaccumulation. Therefore, this study aimed to find a potential natural herbicide. By mimicking the diuron's mode of action which inhibits the process of photosynthesis through blocking the Photosystem II protein D1 (psbA) of the weeds, fourteen compounds as potential candidate bioherbicides were virtually docked by PyRx v0.9.5 software to the specific site. Three important species of the weeds were chosen including Eleusine indica, Praxelis clematidea, and Momordica charantia. The binding affinity score was further calculated and ranked to screen the top six compounds as bioherbicide candidates. Interaction of each complex and the biological activity prediction were then performed by Discovery Studio software and PASS server, respectively. Aurachin P, Aurachin A, and Cyanobacterin were placed in the top ranked compounds with high binding affinity score around -6 to -9 kcal mol-1 toward the psbA. The amino acid interaction involved in the complex shows 50-90% similar to the control, psbA and diuron complex. Besides, the biological activity prediction of Aurachin P, Aurachin A, and Cyanobacterin exhibits the terms related to the inhibition of photosynthesis process via enzymatic pathway. Thus, the active compounds might have inhibition action in the photosynthesis process and control the weeds in sugarcane.
MENATAP MASA DEPAN PERADABAN ISLAM
Authors: Waston Waston 
Published: November 2020

Secara historis, Islam sebagai sebuah peradaban dimulai dari sintesis kreatif. Sintesis kreatif bisa terjadi jika seseorang memiliki beberapa bidang ilmu sekaligus. Di era klasik, antara abad IX dan XIV, peradaban Islam menunjukkan kreativitas tinggi dalam ilmu dan teknologi. Pemikiran kreatif di zaman keemasan Islam tercermin dalam diri Al-Farabi, Ibnu Rusyd, Ibnu Sina dan lain-lain merupakan hasil sintesis secara intensif dengan falsafah Yunani. Oleh karena itu, peradaban Islam di masa depan harus bersintesis dengan teknologi, ekonomi dan globalisasi. Perlu penggeseran wilayah pemikiran yang dulunya hanya memikirkan persoalan-persoalan “teologi” (Ketuhanan) klasik ke arah paradigma pemikiran yang lebih menelaah dan mengkaji secara serius persoalan-persoalan “kemanusiaan” (antropologi) yang bersifat global. Melahirkan peradaban Islam di Indonesia di era globalisasi ini tentu bukan pekerjaan mudah karena itu dibutuhkan agenda, koordinasi terpadu dan komprehensif oleh semua agen perubahan sosial.
ANALISIS AKTIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA BERDASARKAN GAYA BELAJAR VISUAL AUDITORIAL KINESTETIK SISWA PADA PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI KELAS XI IPA MAN 1 MEDAN
Authors: Amina Siti Riska , Simatupang Zulkifli 
Published: November 2020

This research aims to determine students's learning activities based on visual, auditory and kinesthetic learning styles of students XI IPA class at MAN 1 Medan Academic Year 2015/2016. The Population of this research is 60 students in two of XI IPA classes and samples were determined by using purposive sampling technique in which the sample was 18 students. The type of this research is a descriptive research. As the research instrument with 36 item of learning style’s questionnaire and the observations are done two times by using learning activities observation sheets. The survey results revealed that students with visual learning style have the highest writing activities with a percentage of 51.1%, visual activities by 50% and motor activities with a percentage of 39.1%. Students with auditory learning style have a high listening activities with a percentage of 37.9% and oral activities with a percentage of 32.7%. Students with kinesthetic learning style have the highest oral activities with a percentage of 41.4%, and listening activities with a percentage of 39.9%.Keywords: biology learning activities, learning styles
Los MOOC: Una alternativa para la formación continua
Authors: Atiaja Atiaja Lourdes Normandi , García Martínez Andrés 
Published: November 2020

Los avances de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) aplicadas en la educación, sin duda alguna, han dado lugar a nuevas formas de aprendizajes flexibles, abiertas y gratuitas o a bajo costo como los MOOC “Massive Open Online Courses”, Cursos en línea masivos y abiertos, que potencian la educación inclusiva. En este sentido el objetivo principal de este trabajo es analizar como los MOOC son un potencial para para la formación continua, cuáles son los alcances y retos que enfrentan estos cursos, a través de un estudio descriptivo y la aplicación de métodos histórico-lógicos, de análisis y síntesis y finalmente la generalización-abstracción, en base a importantes fuentes bibliográficas primarias y secundarias, con el propósito que las instituciones educativas vinculen a los MOOC, como un recurso para la formación continua que tanto demandan los profesionales, a fin de actualizar, renovar o alcanzar nuevos conocimientos, competencias o habilidades y ser más competitivos; a pesar de que existe mucho trabajo por hacer para garantizar la calidad de aprendizaje de los MOOC.
A Contrastive Study on the C-E Translation of the Verb of Perception zhijian from the Perspective of Subjective Consciousness and Objective Consciousness
Authors: Lu Huidan 
Published: November 2020

Verbs of perception include sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch, of which zhijian belongs to sight is very common in literary works, and its semantic meaning also begins to change with the development of time. Based on the original text and two translated versions of the Water Margin, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the translation strategies of zhijian on the basis that Chinese emphasizes subjective consciousness and the mixed consciousness of subjectivity and objectivity, while English stresses objective consciousness with a clear boundary between subjectivity and objectivity. According to previous studies, this paper regroups the appearance of zhijian and divides it into two categories, namely zhijian at the beginning of a sentence and at the beginning of a minor sentence. On the basis of the context and the changing function of zhijian, that is, the function of being a verb and being a discourse marker, it can be concluded that as the meaning of a verb, the real action, the meaning of zhijian is expressed by “seeing”, so translators usually adopt literal translation; while as a discourse marker, it is no longer the main component of sentence structure, but to highlight the following information, translators will adopt deletion, conversion and retaining. It can be seen that translators often need to convert Chinese characterized by subjective consciousness into English dominated by objective consciousness, thus conforming to various meaning of zhijian.
Review and Evaluation on the Sociocultural Theory and Bottleneck Hypothesis
Authors: Xu Fan 
Published: November 2020

Over the past three decades, a growing number of different theories in second language acquisition field have come out in an effort to provide explanations as to how language learning takes place, to figure out what variables are effective for second language acquisition as well as to offer guidance to mass second language learners and language teachers. Because behind every teaching approach exists certain kind of theory of language acquisition and good theory in turn can help students master language skills in an effective and efficient way.Each theory is considered to have contributed to the field by highlighting a specific aspect of the language acquisition process. Second language acquisition theories are intrinsically related with various disciplines such as applied linguistics, psychology, education, sociolinguistics, neurology, etc. Considering the impossibility to elaborate all second language theories, I will focus on sociocultural theory and bottleneck hypothesis in second language acquisition. There is an overview which follows the introduction to the Sociocultural Theory and Bottleneck Hypothesis and its contribution to second language acquisition respectively, and then I will evaluate them to see their contributions to the SLA disciplinary development.
A Study of Negotiation in Zadie Smith’s White Teeth
Authors: Yang Qinyi 
Published: November 2020

This study examined the power relationships between male and female characters, between the white female character and women of color, and women of color’s power relationship to each other in White Teeth through analyzing sequential moves in dialogues.The exchange structure reveals that male characters are in dominance in their relationship with female characters, and female characters suffer sexual discrimination. It is also found that in their relationship to the white female character, women of color experience the discriminations of racism and classism, but they tried hard to battle against these discriminations. In addition, even within the community of women of color, women had to fight against oppressive stereotypes.
Analysis on the Significance of Foreign Literature Translation to Cross-Cultural Communication
Authors: Wang Wanning 
Published: November 2020

As a carrier of cultural communication, literary works play an important role for culture spreading. The creation, reading and translation of literary works have been regarded as major approaches to spread cultures. With the successful implementation of “The Belt and Road”, increasing exchanges between China and the world in new era ask for spreading domestic cultures and absorbing foreign cultures at the same time. As a result, it is necessary to strengthen the study of foreign literature translation, which is of greater importance, to provide supports for effective cross-cultural communication.
A Critical Discussion of Vygotsky and Bruner’s Theory and Their Contribution to Understanding of the Way Students Learn
Authors: Zhou Jiayu 
Published: November 2020

Vygotsky and Bruner’s theory , as a significant guidance in the field of education, make a influence for many students and teachers. This easy use the ways of description and discussion to explore the implication from Vygotsky and Bruner’s theory on teaching and learning.
Female Teachers and Girls’ Academic Achievement: a Case of Pokhara Sub Metropolitan in Nepal
Authors: Gurung Lina 
Published: November 2020

Nepalese schools have overwhelmingly more male teachers in public schools that do not align with the growing concern of developed countries with fewer males. The impetus to recruiting more female teachers in primary schools has been emphasized to bring more girls to schools, reduce their dropouts and have better academic performance. This survey was carried out in 37 community schools through census method in Pokhara sub metropolitan municipality of Kaski district. Descriptive analysis and t-test were applied to the annual examination records of 5965 students over the five years (2008 – 2012) period. Results from the survey show the girls have outperformed boys in the five years of trend. The findings of the study show that there is no statistical relationship between the gender of a teacher and academic scores of the students. It means that when a female teacher is recruited, it necessarily do not increase the academic performance of girls.
Microstructure evolution and properties of a laser cladded Ni-Based WC reinforced composite coating
Authors: Kaifang Dang , Zhiqiang Jiang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Laser cladding Ni-based WC reinforced composite coating was fabricated on the surface of Q235 steel using 6 KW fiber laser. The morphology, composition, microhardness and wear resistance of the composite coating at varied contents of WC particles were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), microhardness tester and a wear tester. The results show that the dilution rate of the cladding layer decreases first and then increases with an increase of WC content. When the WC content is 20 wt.-%, the dilution rate is the smallest. In the process of fiber laser cladding Ni-based WC reinforced composite coating, WC particles partially dissolve and interact with other elements to form eutectics, which exist as lumpy shapes, strips and as spherical shapes. By increasing the WC content, the structure of the cladding layer appears to be refined. The main phases of the laser cladding layer are γ-Ni, M7C3, M23C6, CrB, WC and W2C. As the WC content increases, the hardness of the cladding layer increases. When the WC mass fraction reaches 40 wt.-%, the average hardness of the composite coating can be more than five times the substrate. When the mass fraction of WC is 20 wt.-%, the wear resistance of the cladding layer is best, which is more than three times that of Ni60A coating.
3D Printing of automobile spoilers using MCDM techniques
Authors: Raghavendra Prabhu Sundarraj , Ilangkumaran Mani , Mohanraj Thangamuthu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The ultimate objective is to evaluate the efficacy of three-dimensional printers (3DP) for manufacturing a rear spoiler for radio-controlled (RC) racing cars. This research work focuses on the development of a multicritaeria decision making (MCDM) model for selecting a 3DP. The selection process includes multiple adverse criteria such as maximum print volume (E1), speed of operation (E2), minimum thickness (E3), extruder capacity (E4), printer cost (E5) and filament material cost (E6). To reduce this adverse nature of the assessment criteria, the preference selection index (PSI) method is anticipated as an MCDM technique for selecting the most suitable 3DP. In this work, ten alternative printers, Lulzbot TAZ 5 (A1), Ultimaker 2 (A2), Zortrax (A3), Wanhao duplicator 4 (A4), Airwolf 3D AW3D HD2X (A5), Flash forge creator X(A6), Makerbot replicator original (A7), Delta non-turbo WASP 2040(A8), Artifex duo 2 (A9), UP plus 2 (A10)are considered for the assessment process. From the suggested PSI models, the Wanhao duplicator 4 (A4) has emerged as a suitable 3DP for RC car application.
Effect of plasma beam irradiation on the microstructure and phase composition of high-speed steel R6M5
Authors: Rakhadilov Bauyrzhan , Kurbanbekov Sherzod , Skakov Мazhyn , Wieleba Wojciech , Zhurerova Laila 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The present study is devoted to research into the morphology and structural-phase state of an R6M5 high speed steel surface layer after it was affected by a plasma beam. It was discovered, that R6M5 steel is a multi-phase material with an α-phase, γ-phase (retained austenite) and carbide phase just as in the initial state. The main phase component of the R6M5 steel matrix before and after plasma beam processing was an α-phase (γ → α’-martensite): lamellar and lath martensite; but lamellar martensite is dominated by a volume ratio ~90 % gross share α’-martensite. The γ-phase as the second morphological component of the steel matrix (retained austenite) yields within the martensite plates the form of twintype colonies with a volume ratio of ~6 %. It was established that there were М6С -type carbide particles of complex composition (Fe,W,Mo)6C in the material just as in the initial state. It should be said that in its initial state, the dislocation structure, formed under the effect of the plasma beam, is characterized by fairly high value of excess density of dislocations with an average value of ρ± = 2.0 × 1010 cm-2 (in the initial state ρ± = 1.7 × 1010 cm-2) along with scalar density. The depth of torsion curve of the face-centered space lattice in the α’-martensite is χ = 500 cm-1 (in the initial state it is equal to χ ~436 cm-1), the amplitude of the inner long-distance voltage is σ∂ = 280 МPа (in the initial state it is equal to σ∂ = 260 МPа). Thus, the amplitude of shift voltage is equal to σL = 420 МPа (in the initial state it is σL = 350 МPа); nevertheless, σL > σ∂ remains the mean torsion-curve of the fcs-lattice of α’-martensite maintaining its lamellar nature after the effect of the electron beam much as in the initial state.
Design and deflection evaluation of a portal crane subjected to traction load
Authors: Aytaç Onur Yusuf , Gelen Hakan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this study, deflection values occurring on the main girder of a portal crane at various payloads were investigated theoretically, numerically and experimentally. The entire portal crane structure was analyzed on via a computer model in order to assess the reliability of the main girder in terms of deflection. Variations in deflection on the main girder were determined in accordance with load lifted and the crane trolley position. In addition, deflection values at critical points on the main girder of the portal crane were measured experimentally. Results indicate that maximum deflection value occurring on the main girder when the crane trolley was located at the middle of main girder were 1.34 times greater than the deflection value when the crane trolley was located at loading position 3.
Producing non-dendritic A356 and A380 feedstocks: Evaluation of the effects of cooling slope casting parameters
Authors: Acar Serhat , Altug Guler Kerem 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this study, low superheat casting and cooling slope casting processes were carried out with A356 and A380 aluminum alloys in order to obtain feedstocks with near globular microstructures. Castings were conducted at 20 °C above of the liquidus temperature for both processes and molten alloys were cast through a copper cooling slope with two different lengths (350 mm and 650 mm) and two different tilt angles (30° and 60°). In order to evaluate the significance of boron nitride coating on cooling slope, castings in short slope were carried out under both coated and uncoated conditions. Microstructural examinations and hardness measurements were carried out. According to obtained results, cooling slope casting caused superior microstructural properties as compared to low superheat casting, especially for A356 alloy. 30° tilt angle was found more efficient in order to obtain a more globular microstructure for A356, while, on the other hand, the tilt angle of 60° was detected more favorable in that manner for A380. Obtained grain size measurements were slightly improved with the employment of short slope and coating was found beneficial especially for A356 alloy. The measured hardness values did not display any significant difference in the same alloy type except in the low superheat cast A356 specimen, which was obtained with coarser microstructure.
Dynamic recrystallization of friction welded AISI 316 stainless steel joints
Authors: Celik Sare , Ersozlu Ismail 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The microstructural characteristics of friction welded AISI 316 stainless steel samples in a welding zone and a heat affected zone were investigated. Inhomogeneous plastic deformation occurred due to friction welding. Individual grains in the final microstructure underwent various evolution mechanisms. These were caused by the growth of the initially recrystallized grains or as a result of the dynamic recrystallization of the sub-grains formed. The grains within the welding zone and the heat affected zone exhibited different densities of dislocations and experienced various degrees of recovery. Using reasonable estimates of the strain, strain rate and temperature of the friction welding, the dependence of the dynamic recrystallization grain size was found to have the same dependence on the Zener-Hollomon parameter as material deformed via a conventional hot working process.
Peranan Guru BK dalam Mengembangkan Karir Siswa
Authors: Saepuloh Aep 
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh siswa masih sangat minim dalam berpandangan terhadap proses penentuan perkembangan karirnya. Siswa kurang sikap pemahaman diri (kemampuan, minat, dan kepribadian) yang terkaitn dengan pekerjaan. Siswa masih kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai dunia kerja dan informasi karir yang menunjang kematangan kompetensi kerja dan kurangnya memiliki sikap positif terhadap dunia kerja yang akan mereka hadapi di masa yang akan datang. Permasalahan ini disebabkan karena siswa dituntut untuk menyelesaikan tugas yang diberikan guru dan harus dipertanggungjawabkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk memperoleh data tentang Peranan Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling dalam Mengembangkan Karir kepada siswa kelas XI Multimedia di SMK Manba’ul ‘Ulum Kecamatan Dukupuntang Kabupaten Cirebon. Untuk memperoleh data tentang pengembangan karir siswa kelas XI Multimedia di SMK Manba’ul Kecamatan Dukupuntang Kabupaten Cirebon. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan terdapat hubungan Peranan Guru Bimbingan dan Konseling dengan pengembangan karir siswa kelas XI Multimedia di SMK Manba’ul Kecamatan Dukupuntang Kabupaten Cirebon. Hubungan ini ditunjukan dengan hasil analisis nilai dari koefisien regresi diperileh nilai sebesar 0,726 menyataakan bahwa hubungan kedua variabel ada pada rentang nilai diantara 0,60 < ≤ 0,80, nilai korelasi tersebut dikategorikan tinggi.
Morphological features of ore reserves of the Novo-Uchaly vms deposit (Southern Urals)
Authors: Spirina A. V. , Makarov V. V. , Moiseev I. B. , Vikentyev I. V. 
Published: November 2020

Background. The Novo-Uchaly copper-zinc VMS deposit in the Southern Urals (54°10΄54˝N and 59°20΄45˝E) is represented by a steeply dipping lens of Eifelian volcanics (rhyodacites and basalts), which are crumpled into a strongly compressed anticlinal fold. The ore deposit is blind and localised at the convergence of felsic (bottom) and mafic (top) rocks. The deposit is located at depths of 550 m (in the northern part) and 1050 m (in the southern part). The deposit thickness reaches 186 m. The length along the strike and along the dip equals 1250 m and 900 m, respectively. The ore body is intruded by gabbro-diorite and gabbro-diabase dikes. The main ore minerals are pyrite, sphalerite and chalcopyrite, as well as non-metallic minerals, such as quartz, barite and calcite. Unlike most of the Ural VMS deposits, this deposit is the zinc subtype (Zn >> Cu). The ores are predominantly massive and solid sulphide, being banded or brecciated in some parts. The main elements extracted are copper, zinc and sulphur, but gold, silver, cadmium, indium, cobalt, nickel, selenium and tellurium are also obtained.Aim. To clarify the morphology of the ore deposit, to study the ore mineral composition of the upper horizons of its northern part and to determine the underlying reasons for the complex lenticular structure of the sulphide reserve.Materials and methods. In the period 2017—2019, employees of the Institute of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IGEM RAS) together with geologists of the Uchaly Mining and Processing Plant carried out a geological and mineralogical mapping of the deposit in the course of exploration works.Results. The ore contours and mineral composition of the northern part of the ore body were significantly clarified. A series of dikes of variable morphology was identified. A comparison was made of the results with current theories about the structure of the ore deposit. Detailed geological sections were determined and illustrate the complex lenticular structure of the ore deposit complicated by pinch and swell areas. The deposit was formed by processes of dynamic metamorphism.Conclusion. The geological and mineralogical structure of the deposit determined in the study enabled us to propose a schematic reconstruction of the conditions leading to the formation of its folded structure. The findings will help to re-assess the reserves and improve the system of operational exploration and delineation.