bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
КОРЕКЦІЯ ВІТАМІНАМИ ГРУПИ В ПОРУШЕНЬ ТРАНССУЛЬФУРАЗНОГО ШЛЯХУ УТИЛІЗАЦІЇ ГОМОЦИСТЕЇНУ ПРИ ГІПЕР- І ГІПОФУНКЦІЇ ЩИТОПОДІБНОЇ ЗАЛОЗИ
Authors: Nechiporuk V. M. , Korda M. M. 
Published: December 2020

Вступ. Дисфункція щитоподібної залози – фактор розвитку багатьох серцево-судинних захворювань, водночас гіпергомоцистеїнемія також є добре відомим чинником розвитку патологій серцево-судинної системи. Встановлено, що експериментальний гіпертиреоз викликає зменшення рівня гомоцистеїну (ГЦ) у крові, водночас гіпотиреоз призводить до протилежних змін в обміні сірковмісних амінокислот, зокрема, підвищується вміст ГЦ у крові, знижується рівень H2S і зростає рівень цистеїну, що є наслідком змін активності ензимів метаболізму метіоніну.
Мета дослідження – з’ясувати вплив гормонів щитоподібної залози на процеси транссульфування ГЦ в органах тварин, оцінити можливість корекції порушених під впливом гіпер- та гіпотиреозу процесів обміну ГЦ за допомогою вітамінів В6, В9, В12 і бетаїну.
Методи дослідження. Роботу виконано на щурах-самцях, у яких досліджували вплив гіпер- (L-тироксин, 200 мкг/добу на 1 кг маси) та гіпотиреозу (мерказоліл, 10 мг/добу на 1 кг маси) на реакції транссульфування ГЦ в органах тварин і корекцію порушених під впливом L-тироксину та мерказолілу процесів обміну ГЦ за допомогою вітамінів В6, В9, В12 і бетаїну. У печінці й нирках визначали цистатіонінсинтазну активність цистатіонін-β-синтази (ЦБС) і цистатіоніназну активність цистатіонін-γ-ліази (ЦГЛ), у мозку – тільки активність ЦБС, у крові – вміст ГЦ та цистеїну.
Результати й обговорення. Гіпертиреоз викликав зростання цистатіонінсинтазної активності ЦБС у печінці та мозку. Застосування вітаміну В6 у тварин з гіпертиреозом призводило до ще більшого підвищення цього показника. Цистатіоніназна активність ЦГЛ при гіпертиреозі й використанні вітаміну В6 достовірно зростала лише в нирках. Бетаїн, В9 та В12 у тварин з гіпертиреозом спричиняли підвищення активності ЦБС у мозку та печінці. Гіпертиреоз знижував рівень ГЦ та не впливав на рівень цистеїну. Фолієва кислота, ціанокобаламін, піридоксин і бетаїн, при їх введенні паралельно з L-тироксином, частково запобігали зменшенню концентрації ГЦ у крові. Мерказоліл пригнічував активність ензимів шляху транссульфування порівняно з інтактними тваринами: ЦБС – у печінці та нирках, ЦГЛ – у нирках. Піридоксин частково попереджував зниження активності ЦБС у печінці та мозку, бетаїн – активності ЦБС у тканинах печінки, нирок і мозку й активності ЦГЛ лише в нирках. Найефективнішою виявилася комбінація вітамінів групи В і бетаїну. Гіпотиреоз призводив до підвищення вмісту в крові ГЦ і цистеїну. Вітаміни В6, В9 та В12, а також комбінація всіх середників викликали у тварин з гіпотиреозом зниження рівня ГЦ.
Висновки. Тривалі гіпер- та гіпотиреоз викликають дисбаланс шляху транссульфування ГЦ. Фолієва кислота, ціанокобаламін, піридоксин і бетаїн частково запобігають порушенню процесів метаболізму сірковмісних амінокислот та призводять до зниження рівня ГЦ і цистеїну в крові щурів з гіпотиреозом.
ВИЗНАЧЕННЯ ФЕНОЛЬНИХ СПОЛУК У ГОРОБИНИ ПЛОДАХ
Authors: Markin O. M. , Krivoruchko O. V. 
Published: December 2020

Вступ. Горобина звичайна (Sorbus aucuparia L.) з родини розові (Rosaceae) широко розповсюджена в Україні як цінна плодова, лікарська і декоративна рослина. Основними біологічно активними речовинами горобини плодів є фенольні сполуки, органічні кислоти, вуглеводи, вітаміни і терпеноїди, які зумовлюють їх сечогінну, жовчогінну, антиоксидантну, протизапальну, кровоспинну дії. Якість горобини плодів регламентується вимогами статті “Плоди горобини” ДФ СРСР ХІ видання, проте її розділи потребують гармонізації із сучасними вимогами ДФУ та ЄФ.
Мета дослідження – визначити вміст фенольних сполук, гідроксикоричних кислот і поліфенолів у горобини плодах для подальшої стандартизації сировини.
Методи дослідження. Вміст фенольних сполук у горобини плодах визначали методом високоефективної рідинної хроматографії, гідроксикоричних кислот і поліфенолів – методом абсорбційної спектрофотометрії.
Результати й обговорення. У горобини плодах ідентифіковано 6 фенольних сполук: 2 гідроксикоричні кислоти (хлорогенову і кофейну) та 4 флавоноїди (катехін, рутин, кверцетин, нарингін). Із гідроксикоричних кислот у сировині переважає хлорогенова кислота ((2329,74±0,27) мкг/г), із флавоноїдів – рутин ((128,80±0,06) мкг/г). Сума фенольних сполук у горобини плодах становить 5717,74 мкг/г, із них гідроксикоричних кислот – 62 %, флавоноїдів – 16,6 %. У горобини плодах вміст гідроксикоричних кислот становить від (1,53±0,06) до (2,61±0,05) % у перерахунку на хлорогенову кислоту, вміст поліфенолів – від (0,62±0,03) до (0,92±0,05) % у перерахунку на пірогалол.
Висновок. У горобини плодах визначено вміст фенольних сполук, гідроксикоричних кислот і поліфенолів. Результати дослідження вмісту гідроксикоричних кислот у сировині використано при розробці проекту монографії ДФУ “Горобини плодиN”.
A Predictive Processing Account of Card Sorting: Fast Proactive and Reactive Frontoparietal Cortical Dynamics during Inference and Learning of Perceptual Categories
Authors: Barceló Francisco 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
For decades, a common assumption in cognitive neuroscience has been that prefrontal executive control is mainly engaged during target detection [Posner, M. I., & Petersen, S. E. The attention system of the human brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 13, 25–42, 1990]. More recently, predictive processing theories of frontal function under the Bayesian brain hypothesis emphasize a key role of proactive control for anticipatory action selection (i.e., planning as active inference). Here, we review evidence of fast and widespread EEG and magnetoencephalographic fronto-temporo-parietal cortical activations elicited by feedback cues and target cards in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. This evidence is best interpreted when considering negative and positive feedback as predictive cues (i.e., sensory outcomes) for proactively updating beliefs about unknown perceptual categories. Such predictive cues inform posterior beliefs about high-level hidden categories governing subsequent response selection at target onset. Quite remarkably, these new views concur with Don Stuss' early findings concerning two broad classes of P300 cortical responses evoked by feedback cues and target cards in a computerized Wisconsin Card Sorting Test analogue. Stuss' discussion of those P300 responses—in terms of the resolution of uncertainty about response (policy) selection as well as the participants' expectancies for future perceptual or motor activities and their timing—was prescient of current predictive processing and active (Bayesian) inference theories. From these new premises, a domain-general frontoparietal cortical network is rapidly engaged during two temporarily distinct stages of inference and learning of perceptual categories that underwrite goal-directed card sorting behavior, and they each engage prefrontal executive functions in fundamentally distinct ways.
Devil’s Advocate: ʿAyn al-Quḍāt’s Defence of Iblis in Context
Authors: Rustom Mohammed 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The writings of ʿAyn al-Quḍāt Hamadānī (d. 525/1131) anticipate some of the major trends that characterize the post-Avicennan ḥikmat tradition. But modern scholarship has as of yet not completely come to grips with the far-reaching implications of ʿAyn al-Quḍāt’s teachings, many of which are framed in terms of the symbolic language and imagery of the Persian Sufi school of passionate love (madhhab-i ʿishq) and the defence of the devil’s monotheism (tawḥīd-i Iblīs). The focus in this article will be upon this latter aspect of ʿAyn al-Quḍāt’s Sufi doctrine. Upon closer inspection, his “Satanology” (for lack of a better term) turns out to not only be concerned with a defence of the devil as a tragic, fallen lover of God; it is also intimately related to our author’s robust theodicy, as well as his theory of human freedom and constraint. At the same time, ʿAyn al-Quḍāt’s defence of Iblis demonstrates his understanding of philosophical and theological discourse as themselves symbolic representations of another, higher form of being and knowing.
Au-delà de « l’ entrée de Simone de Beauvoir dans la Pléiade »
Authors: Le Bon de Beauvoir Sylvie , Jeannelle Jean-Louis , Lecarme-Tabone Éliane , Bouliane Claudia 
Published: December 2020

Résumé
Dans cet entretien, Claudia Bouliane interroge les principaux.ales éditeur.trice.s de la Pléiade consacrée aux Mémoires de Simone de Beauvoir au sujet des choix qu’ ils ont fait quant à la manière d’ encadrer le lectorat dans sa (re)découverte des écrits autobiographiques de l’ autrice et philosophe. L’ échange s’ organise autour des différentes parties critiques des deux volumes ainsi que de l’ album et soulève des questions d’ ordre méthodologique, en plus d’ éclairer les rapports particuliers de Beauvoir à l’ Histoire, à l’ identité, à l’ amitié, à l’ écriture et à la réception de ses écrits.
Simone de Beauvoir : s’ écrire, se dire, se promener
Authors: Levéel Eric 
Published: December 2020

Résumé
Au printemps et à l’ été 1946, Simone de Beauvoir décide de tenir un journal. Elle renoue après plusieurs années avec la nécessité de se dire, mais aussi avec celle de noter par le détail le déroulement de son existence. En filigrane de ce « triptyque de 1946 » apparaît une théorisation du rôle d’ un journal dans l’ existence de Simone de Beauvoir. Se profile également l’ opposition entre les activités distinctes que sont « écrire le voyage » et « écrire en voyage » ; se dessine aussi l’ image d’ une voyageuse alors qu’ elle aborde la maturité de l’ expérience vécue.
The risk for nonpsychotic postpartum mood and anxiety disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Stojanov Jelena , Stankovic Miodrag , Zikic Olivera , Stankovic Matija , Stojanov Aleksandar 
Published: December 2020

Objective The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appears to be the largest pandemic of our times. The aim was to recognize the risk factors for nonpsychotic postpartum mood and anxiety disorders (NPMADs) in women during the pandemic and state of emergency police lockdown in Serbia. Methods We assessed 108 postpartum women who completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and an additional survey constructed for this study. We also used the additional, previously mentioned survey, in 67 healthy age-matched women with children who were ≥2 years of age. The additional survey allowed us to gain insight into the impact of the pandemic as well as postpartum period on the risk of NPMADs. Results In 16 (14.8%) subjects we found a score ≥10 on EPDS. Higher rates on the EPDS were noticed in elderly, single, and unemployed, women who lost their jobs due to the pandemic, or women who were dissatisfied with their household income (p < 0.05). The risk of NPMADs was linked significantly to quarantine, and social isolation, the absence of social support, as well as having emotional problems. Postpartum women, compared to non-postpartum women, were more anxious and had feelings of helplessness during social isolation. Conclusion Understanding the factors that increase the risk of NPMADs during the pandemic could help prevent mental disorders during a possible future pandemic.
Hypersensitivity to calcitonin gene-related peptide in chronic migraine
Authors: Iljazi Afrim , Ashina Håkan , Zhuang Zixuan Alice , Lopez Lopez Cristina , Snellman Josefin , Ashina Messoud , Schytz Henrik Winther 
Published: December 2020

Objective To investigate if calcitonin gene-related peptide infusion induces migraine-like attacks in chronic migraine patients. Methods Fifty-eight patients with chronic migraine, either with or without headache on the experimental day, were assessed for the incidence of migraine-like attacks after an intravenous infusion with calcitonin gene-related peptide 1.5 µg/min over 20 min. The primary endpoint was the incidence of migraine-like attacks after calcitonin gene-related peptide. Exploratory endpoints were the association between the incidence of migraine-like attacks and presence of headache on the experimental day, and headache frequency in the past month. Migraine-like attack data was compared to a historic cohort of 91 episodic migraine patients without headache on the experimental day. Total tenderness score, pressure-pain threshold and supra-threshold pressure pain at baseline were investigated in relation to incidence of migraine-like attacks and presence of headache on the experimental day. Results In total, 83% of the 58 chronic migraine patients developed migraine-like attacks after calcitonin gene-related peptide infusion. Migraine-like attacks were found in 92% of chronic migraine patients with headache on the experimental day compared to 65% of chronic migraine patients without headache on the experimental day ( p = 0.035). No differences were observed in total tenderness score and pressure-pain threshold between chronic migraine patients with and without headache on the experimental day. The incidence of migraine-like attacks following calcitonin gene-related peptide in chronic migraine patients without headache (65%) was equal to the historic cohort of 91 episodic migraine patients without headache (67%) on the experimental day. Conclusions Chronic migraine patients are hypersensitive to calcitonin gene-related peptide. The potency of calcitonin gene-related peptide as a migraine inductor is increased in chronic migraine patients with ongoing headache. We suggest that calcitonin gene-related peptide, besides being a migraine trigger also acts as a modulator of nociceptive transmission in the trigeminal system.
Women’s views on barriers and facilitators for seeking alcohol and drug treatment in Belgium
Authors: Schamp Julie , Simonis Sarah , Roets Griet , Van Havere Tina , Gremeaux Lies , Vanderplasschen Wouter 
Published: December 2020

Aims: Although treatment barriers are different for men and women, research is dominated by males’ and practitioners’ perspectives rather than women’s voices. The purpose of this study in Belgium was to identify and obtain a better understanding of the barriers and facilitators for seeking treatment as experienced by substance (ab)using women themselves. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 60 female substance users who utilise(d) outpatient and/or residential treatment services. A content analysis was performed on women’s personal accounts of previous treatment experiences as well as their experiences with services along the continuum of care, resulting in practical implications for the organisation of services. Results: Female substance users experience various overlapping – and at times competing – barriers and facilitators when seeking treatment and utilising services. For most women, the threat of losing custody of their children is an essential barrier to treatment, whereas for a significant part of the participants it serves as a motivation to seek help. Also, women report social stigma in private as well as professional contexts as a barrier to treatment. Women further ask for a holistic approach to treatment, which stimulates the healing process of body, mind and spirit, and emphasise the importance of feeling safe in treatment. Participants suggested several changes that could encourage treatment utilisation. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate the need for a gender-sensitive approach within alcohol and drug services that meets the needs of female substance users, as well as gender-sensitivity within prevention and awareness-raising campaigns, reducing the stigma and facilitating knowledge and awareness among women and society.
Strain Elastography and Tendon Response to an Exercise Program in Patients With Supraspinatus Tendinopathy: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Brage Karen , Juul-Kristensen Birgit , Hjarbaek John , Boyle Eleanor , Kjaer Per , Ingwersen Kim Gordon 
Published: December 2020

Background: Shoulder pain is common, with a lifetime prevalence of up to 67%. Evidence is conflicting in relation to imaging findings and pain in the shoulder. Sonoelastography can be used to estimate tissue stiffness and may be a clinically relevant technique for diagnosing and monitoring tendon healing. Purpose: To evaluate changes in supraspinatus tendon stiffness using strain elastography (SEL) and associations with changes in patient-reported outcomes, supraspinatus tendon thickness, and grade of tendinopathy after 12 weeks of unilateral shoulder exercises in patients with supraspinatus tendinopathy. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 23 patients with unilateral clinical supraspinatus tendinopathy performed 12 weeks of “standard care” exercises. At baseline and follow-up, supraspinatus tendon stiffness was measured bilaterally using SEL and compared with tendinopathy grading on magnetic resonance imaging scans and tendon thickness measured using conventional ultrasound. Patient-reported outcome measures included physical function and symptoms from the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire and pain rating (visual analog scale). Results: No significant changes in SEL within or between groups (asymptomatic vs symptomatic tendon) were seen. All patient-reported outcomes showed significant improvement from baseline to follow-up, but with no change in tendinopathy grading and tendon thickness. No significant differences in the proportion of patients changing above the minimal detectable change in SEL and PROM were seen, except for discomfort while sleeping. Conclusion: Despite no significant within-group or between-group changes in SEL, significant improvements were found in patient-reported outcomes. An acceptable agreement between patients changing above the minimal detectable change in SEL and patient-reported outcome measure was seen. Further studies should explore the use of SEL to detect changes after tendon repair and long-term training potentially in subgroups of different tendinopathy phases. Clinical Relevance: In the short term, structural changes in supraspinatus tendons could not be visualized using SEL, indicating that a longer time span should be expected in order to observe structural changes, which should be considered before return to sports. Subgrouping based on stage of tendinopathy may also be important in order to evaluate changes over time with SEL among patients with supraspinatus tendinopathy. Registration: NCT03425357 ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
BioRel: towards large-scale biomedical relation extraction
Authors: Xing Rui , Luo Jie , Song Tengwei 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough biomedical publications and literature are growing rapidly, there still lacks structured knowledge that can be easily processed by computer programs. In order to extract such knowledge from plain text and transform them into structural form, the relation extraction problem becomes an important issue. Datasets play a critical role in the development of relation extraction methods. However, existing relation extraction datasets in biomedical domain are mainly human-annotated, whose scales are usually limited due to their labor-intensive and time-consuming nature.ResultsWe construct BioRel, a large-scale dataset for biomedical relation extraction problem, by using Unified Medical Language System as knowledge base and Medline as corpus. We first identify mentions of entities in sentences of Medline and link them to Unified Medical Language System with Metamap. Then, we assign each sentence a relation label by using distant supervision. Finally, we adapt the state-of-the-art deep learning and statistical machine learning methods as baseline models and conduct comprehensive experiments on the BioRel dataset.ConclusionsBased on the extensive experimental results, we have shown that BioRel is a suitable large-scale datasets for biomedical relation extraction, which provides both reasonable baseline performance and many remaining challenges for both deep learning and statistical methods.
CD47 differentially regulates white and brown fat function
Authors: Norman-Burgdolf Heather , Li Dong , Sullivan Patrick , Wang Shuxia 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Mechanisms that enhance energy expenditure are attractive therapeutic targets for obesity. Previously we have demonstrated that mice lacking cd47 are leaner, exhibit increased energy expenditure, and are protected against diet-induced obesity. In this study, we further defined the physiological role of cd47 deficiency in regulating mitochondrial function and energy expenditure in both white and brown adipose tissue. We observed that cd47 deficient mice (under normal chow diet) had comparable amount of white fat mass but reduced white adipocyte size as compared to wild-type mice. Subsequent ex vivo and in vitro studies suggest enhanced lipolysis, and not impaired lipogenesis or energy utilization, contributes to this phenotype. In contrast to white adipose tissue, there were no obvious morphological differences in brown adipose tissue between wild-type and knockout mice. However, mitochondria isolated from brown fat of cd47 deficient mice had significantly higher rates of free fatty acid-mediated uncoupling. This suggests that enhanced fuel availability via white adipose tissue lipolysis may perpetuate elevated brown adipose tissue energy expenditure and contributes to the lean phenotype observed in cd47 deficient mice.
Features of the intrapsychic structure of the value orientations system of prisoners sentenced to imprisonment
Authors: Istomin Artem , Istomina Oksana , Bulanova Elena , Mihaylov Aleksey 
Published: December 2020

The presented article analyzes the internal interconnections of the value orientation systems of male convicts who are serving sentences of imprisonment. The work was carried out on the basis of an empirical study carried out in correctional institutions of general and strict regimes of detention, correctional institutions of a strict regime of detention for convicts with acute tuberculosis.
Using the methods of mathematical statistics (factorial and correlation analysis), the peculiarities of the intrapsychic structure of the system of value orientations of convicts were revealed. It is shown that along with the general and natural simpli-fication of the content of the value-semantic organization of the personality of convicts in comparison with law-abiding citizens, characteristic features of the latent structure of values are noted, which, in turn, can not only affect the behavior of the individual, but also prevent successful resocialization after release from places of deprivation of liberty. The characteristic features of the intrasystemic in-terconnections of the value orientations of convicts with acute tuberculosis were revealed. The findings may have theoretical and practical significance for the or-ganization of psychocorrectional work with convicts in places of detention.
Unfair “Fair Value” in Illiquid Markets: Information Spillover Effects in Times of Crisis
Authors: Dontoh Alex , Elayan Fayez A. , Ronen Joshua , Ronen Tavy 
Published: December 2020

We investigate the effects of write-downs on market prices and volumes under fair value accounting. We also examine the prominent role that illiquidity plays in exacerbating the direct and spillover effects of exit valuation on equity and credit default swap (CDS) markets. Using hand-collected data on write-down announcements made during and after the 2007–2009 financial crisis, we find that firms that wrote down assets in accordance with fair value rules experience significant abnormal negative stock returns and spikes in the CDS premiums written on their obligations; similar firms without write-downs exhibit sympathetic and significant negative abnormal returns and positive premiums. We find that both the direct effect of the write-downs and the indirect spillover effects resulting from crisis-related illiquidity in the markets for financial assets (affecting the magnitude of write-downs) and in the securities markets (affecting the reaction to the write-downs) during the financial crisis go beyond normal direct and information transfer effects and may have contributed to the adverse consequences of the crisis. This paper was accepted by Shiva Rajgopal, accounting.