bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration of symptom dimensions and duration of untreated psychosis within a staging model of schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Berendsen Steven , Van Henricus L. , van der Paardt Jasper W. , de Peuter Olav R. , van Bruggen Marion , Nusselder Hans , Jalink Margje , Peen Jaap , Dekker Jack J. M. , de Haan Lieuwe 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimClinical staging of schizophrenia entails a new method that identifies clusters of symptoms and variation in level of remission, with the goal to create a framework for early intervention. Additionally, duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) may influence symptom severity in the first episode of psychosis (FEP) and could necessitate refining of the staging model. However, consistent evidence concerning variation in symptom severity and DUP between stages is missing. Therefore, we evaluated the clinical validity of the staging model by investigating differences in symptom severity across stages in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Second, we assessed if a prolonged DUP is associated with higher symptom severity in FEP.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional study of 291 acutely admitted patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Patients were assigned to clinical stages following the definition of McGorry. Symptom severity was evaluated with the new DSM‐5 Clinician‐Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity (CRDPSS). In FEP, we determined the DUP.ResultsSignificantly higher severity scores of CRDPSS items hallucinations (H = 14.34, df = 4, P‐value = .006), negative symptoms (H = 19.678, df = 4, P‐value = .001) and impaired cognition (H = 26.294, df = 4, P‐value = <.001) were found in more advanced stages of disease. Moreover, patients with FEP and a DUP longer than 1 year showed significantly more severe negative symptoms (U = 314 000, P = .015) compared to patients with a DUP shorter than 1 year.ConclusionsThe present study found supporting evidence for the clinical validity of the staging model in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. In addition, we found support for refining the stage “first episode” with information concerning the DUP.
Undifferentiated endometrial carcinoma arising in the background of high‐grade endometrial carcinoma – Expanding the definition of dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Busca Aurelia , Parra‐Herran Carlos , Nofech‐Mozes Sharon , Djordjevic Bojana , Ismiil Nadia , Cesari Mathew , Nucci Marisa R , Mirkovic Jelena 
Published: June 2020

Dedifferentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma (DEC) is defined by the coexistence of undifferentiated carcinoma with low‐grade (FIGO grade 1 or 2) endometrioid carcinoma. Few cases of DEC arising in the background of high‐grade carcinoma (DEC‐HG) have been reported, however, this phenomenon is poorly characterized. In this study we describe the morphologic, immunohistochemical and clinico‐pathologic characteristics of DEC‐HG. 18 DECs were diagnosed at our institution between 2008‐2019, and in 11 (61%), the undifferentiated component was associated with high‐grade carcinoma (8 endometrioid FIGO grade 3, 2 with ambiguous features, 1 serous). The remaining 7 (39%) represented DEC‐LG (3 FIGO grade 1 and 4 FIGO grade 2). 7/11 (64%) patients with DEC‐HG presented with advanced stage (FIGO stage III/IV), whereas most with DEC‐LG (6/7, 86%) were stage I. On follow up, 2 patients in the DEC‐HG group died of disease and 2 had progressive disease within 2 months of surgery. There was only one recurrence in the DEC‐LG, 6 months post‐surgery. The DEC component in both groups showed similar morphology and immunophenotype, with predominantly focal or complete loss of expression of pan‐keratin, EMA, E‐cadherin, CK8/18, PAX8 and ER. The DEC component in the DEC‐HG group had wild‐type p53 expression in 8/11 (73%) cases, loss of MLH1 and PMS2 in 6/11 (55%) and loss of SMARCA4 in 3/9 (33%). Although numbers are small, we show that DEC‐HG is a previously under‐recognized phenomenon, with morphologic and immunophenotypic similarities to DEC‐LG, which supports expanding the definition of DEC to include DEC‐HG. DEC‐HG may be more aggressive than DEC‐LG.
Synthesis and characterization of CeO2/Bi2O3/gC3N4 ternary Z‐scheme nanocomposite
Authors: Devi K R Sunaja , Mathew Sandra , Rajan Revathy , Georgekutty Josna , Pinheiro Dephan , U Ananthapadmanabhan , M Sundararajan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAn effective and facile phytogenic method was used to prepare CeO2/Bi2O3 and CeO2/Bi2O3/gC3N4 composites using Eichhornia crassipes phytoextract. The synthesized catalysts were characterized using techniques such as XRD, FTIR, UV‐DRS, PL, SEM‐EDAX, XPS, zeta potential, and TGA. These catalysts showed diverse photocatalytic and optical properties due to the alteration in the bandgap. The synthesized composites exhibited good photocatalytic activity by degrading Malachite green (MG) dye. The increase in the photocatalytic activity could be attributed to the p‐n heterojunction of the catalysts with efficient charge separation and strong oxidative ability. The modified photocatalysts showed excellent catalytic activity and reusability under visible light. The superior efficiency and its applications in environmental remediation make these catalysts a potential candidate for photocatalysis.
Identifying geographic differences in children's sugar‐sweetened beverage and 100% fruit juice intake using health system data
Authors: Palakshappa Deepak , Lenoir Kristin , Brown Callie L. , Skelton Joseph A. , Block Jason P. , Taveras Elsie M. , Lewis Kristina H. 
Published: June 2020

SummaryBackgroundIdentifying areas with higher sugar‐sweetened beverage intake could help tailor policy and public health efforts intended to reduce sugary beverage consumption.ObjectiveDemonstrate the feasibility of using health system data to examine the geographic distribution of sugar‐sweetened beverage intake and evaluate neighbourhood characteristics associated with intake.MethodsWe extracted electronic health record data from a sugar‐sweetened beverage and 100% fruit juice screener used for children ages 1 to 17 years in eight pediatric practices in North Carolina (March 2017‐2018) and dichotomized intake to high (≥3 sugar‐sweetened beverages/day) vs not. We geocoded address and mapped the proportion of consumers in each census tract. We combined electronic health record data with US census data and evaluated associations of census tract income and race/ethnicity with intake. We used multivariable models to evaluate the association between geographic concentrations of income and race/ethnicity and sugar‐sweetened beverage intake, controlling for demographics extracted from the electronic health record and clustering by tract.ResultsOf 19 451 patients, 4579 (23.5%) reported consuming ≥3 sugar‐sweetened beverages/day. In multivariable models, children living in tracts with high concentrations of low‐income (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.26, 1.68) and non‐white residents (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.71) were more likely to consume ≥3 sugar‐sweetened beverages/day than children in tracts with a high concentration of high‐income and white residents.ConclusionWe demonstrate how health system data could be used to characterize geographic variation in sugar‐sweetened beverage and 100% fruit juice consumption. This approach could help target public health efforts and monitor the effects of community‐level interventions.
Childhood emotional and behavioral characteristics are associated with soda intake: A prospective study in Mexico City
Authors: Wang Zeyuan , Jansen Erica C. , Miller Alison L. , Peterson Karen E. , Téllez‐Rojo Martha M. , Watkins Deborah , Schnaas Lourdes , del Carmen Hernandez Chavez Maria , Cantoral Alejandra 
Published: June 2020

SummaryObjectivesTo evaluate whether childhood emotional and behavioral characteristics are associated with soda intake.MethodsThe study population included 391 Mexico City adolescents enrolled in a birth cohort study. When children were between 6 and 12 years of age, the Behavioral Assessment System for Children (BASC)‐2 was administered. Nondiet soda intake was measured concurrently and again when participants were of peripubertal ages via food frequency questionnaire. Linear regression models were run with soda mL/day (cross‐sectional and change in soda over time) as the outcome and BASC composite scores as predictors (in separate models), adjusting for confounders.ResultsAt baseline, children were 8.3 (SD 1.3) years (49% males). Three scales out of 18 examined had statistically significant associations. Parent‐reported adaptive skills were inversely associated with concurrent soda intake (β = −2.29 with 95% CI −4.27 to −0.31). Parent‐reported internalizing problems (higher = more problems) were related to higher change in soda intake from childhood to adolescence (β = 5.83 with 95% CI 0.98‐10.68; N = 191). Self‐reported school problems were associated with a higher change in soda intake over time (β = 9.46 with 95% CI 2.10‐16.82; N = 122).ConclusionsParent‐ and self‐reported emotional and behavioral difficulties in childhood were associated with soda consumption and changes in soda consumption over time.
Financial exclusion in OECD countries: A scoping review*
Authors: Caplan Mary A. , Birkenmaier Julie , Bae Junghee 
Published: June 2020

This scoping review assesses the state of scholarly literature on financial exclusion in OECD member countries to identify key concepts, gaps in the research, and types and sources of evidence to inform an agenda for advancing research, practice, and policy. The authors searched eight databases using 13 terms. The researchers extracted data for five concepts: financial inclusion conceptualization, financial inclusion measurement, financial inclusion mechanisms, financial exclusion conceptual, descriptive or empirical content, and financial capability conceptualization or measurement. This article reports on data coded only for financial exclusion conceptual, descriptive, or empirical content. The researchers identified N = 148 studies for inclusion. The majority of the studies were conceptual and were focused on either the USA or the UK. Aspects of financial exclusion that were well covered in the literature include the conceptualization, contributors, and impacts of financial exclusion. Less covered were measurement, prevention, and contemporary practice trends in financial exclusion.
COVID‐19 Infections and Deaths among Connecticut Nursing Home Residents: Facility Correlates
Authors: Li Yue , Temkin‐Greener Helena , Shan Gao , Cai Xueya 
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESTo determine the associations of nursing home registered nurse (RN) staffing, overall quality of care, and concentration of Medicaid or racial and ethnic minority residents with 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) confirmed cases and deaths by April 16, 2020, among Connecticut nursing home residents.DESIGNCross‐sectional analysis on Connecticut nursing home (n = 215) COVID‐19 report, linked to other nursing home files and county counts of confirmed cases and deaths. Multivariable two‐part models determined the associations of key nursing home characteristics with the likelihood of at least one confirmed case (or death) in the facility, and with the count of cases (deaths) among facilities with at least one confirmed case (death).SETTINGAll Connecticut nursing homes (n = 215).PARTICIPANTSNone.INTERVENTIONNone.MEASUREMENTSNumbers of COVID‐19 confirmed cases and deaths among residents.RESULTSThe average number of confirmed cases was eight per nursing home (zero in 107 facilities), and the average number of confirmed deaths was 1.7 per nursing home (zero in 131 facilities). Among facilities with at least one confirmed case, every 20‐minute increase in RN staffing (per resident day) was associated with 22% fewer confirmed cases (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = .78; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .68–.89; P < .001); compared with one‐ to three‐star facilities, four‐ or five‐star facilities had 13% fewer confirmed cases (IRR = .87; 95% CI = .78–.97; P < .015), and facilities with high concentration of Medicaid residents (IRR = 1.16; 95% CI = 1.02–1.32; P = .025) or racial/ethnic minority residents (IRR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.03–1.29; P = .026) had 16% and 15% more confirmed cases, respectively, than their counterparts. Among facilities with at least one death, every 20‐minute increase in RN staffing significantly predicted 26% fewer COVID‐19 deaths (IRR = .74; 95% CI = I .55–1.00; P = .047). Other focused characteristics did not show statistically significant associations with deaths.CONCLUSIONNursing homes with higher RN staffing and quality ratings have the potential to better control the spread of the novel coronavirus and reduce deaths. Nursing homes caring predominantly for Medicaid or racial and ethnic minority residents tend to have more confirmed cases.
Declined use of cervical ripening balloon did not reduce the incidence of umbilical cord prolapse in Japan
Authors: Hasegawa Junichi , Sekizawa Akihiko , Arakaki Tatsuya , Ikeda Tomoaki , Ishiwata Isamu , Kinoshita Katsuyuki ,   Japan Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (JAOG), Tokyo, Japan
Published: June 2020

AbstractAimTo clarify whether the incidence of umbilical cord prolapse (UCP) at delivery is related to the cervical ripening balloon (CRB).MethodsA postal questionnaire study was conducted in 2018 in institutions providing maternity services across Japan. Questions on the number of deliveries, labor inductions, used CRB and cases of UCP in 2017 were included. Because a similar questionnaire survey was conducted in 2012, the incidence of UCP and frequency of the use of CRB were compared.ResultsA total of 1354 answers were assessed (57% of all delivery institutions). The total number of deliveries was 490 279. Of these, 78% were transvaginal; 74 cases of UCP were reported (0.015%), while 13 cases were reported from obstetric facilities never using CRB (0.008%). The incidence of UCP (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]) was 0.036% in the intracervical type (4.3 [1.6–11.3]), 0.091% in the disk‐type (11.0 [4.2–29.0]) and 0.067% in the ball‐type (8.1 [2.8–22.8]). Frequencies of the use of CRB were 7.3% and 6.6% in the 2012 and 2018 surveys, respectively. The use of the intracervical type increased from 2.8% in the 2012 survey to 3.5% in the 2018 survey, while that of the disk‐type and ball‐type declined. However, the incidence of UCP was not different between the two surveys regardless of the use of cervical ripening balloons (0.014% vs 0.015% with CRB, 0.005% vs 0.008% without CRB).ConclusionAlthough the frequency of CRB use significantly declined, the incidence of UCP did not significantly reduce in the last 5 years.
Hysteroscopic management of omentum incarceration secondary to uterine perforation: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Procas‐Ramon Beatriz , Polo‐Oliveros Laura , Gabasa‐Gorgas Lourdes , Remacha‐Sienes María , Sobreviela‐Laserrada Mercedes 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUterine perforation is a potential complication of intrauterine procedures that can be associated with vascular or visceral injury. We report the case of a 35‐year‐old woman diagnosed with omentum incarceration, secondary to a uterine perforation, during a dilatation and curettage. This rare complication was successfully managed by release of incarcerated omentum hysteroscopically. Sealing of uterine wall defect was achieved by administration of intravenous uterotonic drugs, thus, avoiding a major surgery. In conclusion, this is a novel approach to a case of uterine omental incarceration. To date, there are few cases reported in the literature and only one of them was managed by hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy alone or combined hysteroscopic and laparoscopic approach when needed, should be attempted in such cases as it is safe and minimally invasive.
The immune adjuvant effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on in ovo injection of Newcastle disease vaccine
Authors: Xue Ligang , Wang Dan , Zhang Dongxing , Ju Anqi , Duan Aoyi , Xing Junhong , Qin Yanjun , Yang Shubao , Luan Weimin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this study, immunogenic efficacies of in ovo administration of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) along with live Newcastle disease vaccine (live ND vaccine) (live VG/GA strain) were evaluated. Four hundred fertilized eggs were randomly divided into four groups (n = 100/group), and vaccinated in ovo, respectively, with solutions of APS, live ND vaccine, live ND vaccine combined with APS, and 0.9% physiological saline into their amniotic fluid on d 18.5 of incubation. Significant improvement of chicks’ development was displayed in those vaccinated with live ND vaccine adjuvanted with APS in ovo, manifested as enhanced hatchability and gaining weight. Moreover, in ovo administration of live NDV vaccine plus APS could significantly enhance the serum anti‐NDV antibody titres and interferon gamma (IFN‐γ), interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐4 and IL‐6 concentrations, promote lymphocyte proliferative capability as well as improve the frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in peripheral blood. Overall results indicated in ovo administration of live ND vaccine adjuvanted with APS could stimulate stronger humoral and cellular responses in newly hatched chicks.
Amyloid‐beta plasma and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in aged dogs with cognitive dysfunction syndrome
Authors: Stylianaki Ioanna , Polizopoulou Zoe S. , Theodoridis Alexandros , Koutouzidou Georgia , Baka Rania , Papaioannou Nikolaos G. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundCognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disease that is poorly defined. Specific multitargeted protocols do not exist for setting the diagnosis and the prognosis of the syndrome.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo quantify Aβ42 and Aβ40 peptides in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and to investigate their contribution to CCDS.AnimalsA total of 61 dogs from a hospital population.MethodsCase‐control study. Six young (YG: 0‐4 years old), 8 middle‐aged (4‐8 years old), 17 cognitively unimpaired and aged (CU: 8‐20 years old), and 30 cognitively impaired and aged (CI: 8‐17 years). From the CI group, 10 dogs exhibited mild impairment (CI‐MCI) and 20 exhibited severe impairment (CI‐SCI). Cognitive status was assessed using a validated owner‐based questionnaire. Direct and indirect Aβ markers were determined in plasma fractions (total‐TP, free‐FP, bound to plasma components‐CP) and CSF using commercial ELISA assays (AΒtest, Araclon Biotech).ResultsTPAβ42/40 facilitated discrimination between CI‐MCI and CU aged dogs with area under curve ≥ 0.79. CSFAβ42 levels were higher (P= .09) in CU (1.25 ± 0.28 ng/mL) than in MCI (1.04 ± 0.32 ng/mL) dogs. CSF Aβ42 levels were correlated with the CP fragment (CPAβ40:P= .02, CPAβ42:P= .02). CPAβ42 was higher in the CI‐MCI (23.03 ± 11.79 pg/μL) group compared to the other aged dogs (CU: 10.42 ± 7.18 pg/μL,P= .02, SCI: 11.40 ± 12.98 pg/μL,P= .26).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceThe Aβ should be determined in all of the 3 plasma fractions (TP, FP, CP). In the clinical approach, TPAβ42/40 could be used as an efficient preselection tool for the aged canine population targeting dogs with mild cognitive impairment.
Mosquito oviposition and larvae development in response to kairomones originated by different fish
Authors: Cohen S. , Silberbush A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractPredator‐released kairomones indicating the presence of predatory fish are known to alter the behaviour and life‐history traits of several aquatic herbivores.Culexmosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) respond to such cues by altering oviposition habitat selection and larval development time. These responses differ among fish species indicating composition differences among fish‐released cues, but the recognition pattern is not clear. This study tested the dependence of fish recognition to co‐evolution and the level of threat to larvae. We comparedCulexresponses to three fish, the invasive larvivorousGambusia affinis(Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae), the native larvivorousAphanius mento(Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae) and the native algivorousGarra rufa(Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). The effects of cues released by the three fish onCulexoviposition and life‐history shifts were compared in field mesocosms and lab tests. Our results showed that ovipositing females were significantly repelled only by cues originated fromG. affinis, while developing larvae response was a more general one. Our results support the idea that fish‐released kairomones differ in composition or quantities among different species.
Importance of trauma‐related fear in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and early adverse life events
Authors: Rahal Harman , Videlock Elizabeth J. , Icenhour Adriane , Shih Wendy , Naliboff Bruce , Gupta Arpana , Mayer Emeran A. , Chang Lin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough early adverse life events (EALs) are prevalent among patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), the impact of fear or dissociation experienced during the trauma has not been evaluated. We investigated the prevalence of fear at the time of trauma and its association with IBS status among individuals with early‐life trauma before the age of 18.MethodsAmong participants with ≥1 EAL, association of fear and dissociation with IBS status was determined with logistic regression, and improvement in prediction of IBS over ETI score alone was determined with the likelihood ratio test. Controlling for age, sex, and IBS status, we then examined the association of each EAL with reported fear.Key ResultsCompared to healthy controls (HCs), IBS subjects reported a higher prevalence of fear (60.4% vs 36.2%, P < .0005) and dissociation (23.5% vs 13.0%, P < .0005) at the time of EAL. Fear, but not dissociation, improved prediction of IBS over the total number of EALs (odds ratio = 2.00, P < .0001).Conclusions and InferencesThis study highlights the importance of EAL‐related factors such as fear in addition to the presence or absence of EALs in IBS pathophysiology.
Long‐term risk of adult overweight and obesity among achalasia patients who underwent Heller Myotomy
Authors: Perez‐Ortiz Andric C. , Narváez‐Chávez Sofia , Furuzawa‐Carballeda Janette , Coss‐Adame Enrique , Valdovinos‐Díaz Miguel A , Peralta‐Figueroa José , Olvera‐Prado Hector , López‐Verdugo Fidel , Sánchez-García Ramos Emilio , Torres‐Villalobos Gonzalo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundIt is unknown whether surgically treated achalasia cases regain or surpass their usual weight into obesity or overweight in the long‐term post‐operative period. Here, we aimed to assess the incidence of overweight/obesity (Ob/Ow) and the risk for reoccurrence up to 48 months post‐laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM).MethodsWe performed a cohort of 114 achalasia cases undergoing LHM. All patients had a confirmed diagnosis of achalasia and had no added comorbidities. We followed up the body mass index (BMI) at the immediate post‐operative period, and at one‐, six‐, 12‐, 24‐, and 48 months after LHM. We measured the incidence of Ob/Ow and its reoccurrence risk with Cox regression.Key Results and ConclusionsIn the immediate post‐operative period, the incidence of Ob/Ow was significantly less than the usual BMI (before the onset of symptoms) (28.2% vs 66.3%). From the sixth to the 48th month, there was a progressive increase in the incidence of Ob/Ow and at this timepoint the percent of Ob/Ow was not statistically different from the usual BMI. The most significant hazard for Ob/Ow reoccurrence in the long term following LHM is a usual BMI with obesity grade I or III and males lacking pre‐surgical weight loss.InferencesAchalasia cases undergoing surgical treatment should be monitored closely in the post‐operative period for weight regain, regardless of their pre‐operative BMI. Notably, males who before the onset of symptoms were obese or overweight are at significantly increased risk of regaining or surpassing their weight, despite most having lost weight pre‐surgically.