bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome analysis of scions grafted to potato rootstock for improving late blight resistance
Authors: Li Yuexin , Zhao Degang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Late blight seriously threatens potato cultivation worldwide. The severe and widespread damage caused by the fungal pathogen can lead to drastic decreases in potato yield. Although grafting technology has been widely used to improve crop resistance, the effects of grafting on potato late blight resistance as well as the associated molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, we performed RNA transcriptome sequencing analysis and the late blight resistance testing of the scion when the potato late blight-resistant variety Qingshu 9 and the susceptible variety Favorita were used as the rootstock and scion, respectively, and vice versa. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the rootstock on scion disease resistance and to clarify the related molecular mechanisms.Results: A Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the expression levels of genes related to plant–pathogen interactions, plant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, and plant hormone signal transduction pathways were significantly up-regulated in the scion when Qingshu 9 was used as the rootstock. These genes included late blight response genes encoding calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), chitin elicitor receptor kinases (CERKs), LRR receptor serine/threonine protein kinases (LRR-LRKs), NPR family proteins in the salicylic acid synthesis pathway, and MAPKs. When Favorita was used as the rootstock, the expression levels of the late blight response genes were not up-regulated in the Qingshu 9 scion, but the expression levels of the genes related to proline metabolism, fatty acid chain elongation, and diterpenoid biosynthesis pathways were down-regulated. Resistance results showed that self-grafting of the susceptible variety and grafting with the resistant variety as the rootstock increased the resistance of the susceptible scion to late blight. However, the resistance was stronger after grafting with the resistant variety as the rootstock. Using the susceptible variety as the rootstock decreased the late blight resistance of the resistant scion.Conclusions: Our results showed that changes to the expression of disease resistance genes in the scion after grafting are associated with late blight resistance. The results provide the basis for exploring the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of rootstocks on scion disease resistance.
Hipertensión portal secundario a trombosis de la vena porta y varices esofágicas
Authors: Ruiz Ponce de Leon Isabel , Rodríguez Cárdenas Esteban Andres , Villarreal Cortes Víctor Hugo , Guarín Rojas Rodrigo , Gomez Urrego Jose Fernando 
Published: December 2020

La hipertensión portal se define como la alteración patológica en el gradiente de presión a nivel del sistema portal, es decir, la diferencia entre la presión de la vena porta y la vena cava inferior. El valor normal es entre 1-5 mm Hg y se considera hipertensión cuando es mayor de 10 mm Hg. En este artículo, se describe el caso de una paciente de 5 años con un cuadro de hipertensión portal secundario a várices esofágicas y trombosis de la vena porta, confirmado por endoscopia de vías digestivas alta y angioresonancia magnética. La paciente fue atendida en la Fundación Clínica Infantil Club Noel de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia, entre los meses de diciembre del 2018 y febrero del 2019.
Kontroversi Metode Deteksi COVID-19 di Indonesia
Authors: Wahjudi Mariana 
Published: December 2020

Abstract—The governance of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia is carried out in accordance with the WHO directions. Serological tests, often mentioned as rapid antibody tests, are used for mass screening testing while the polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR)-based tests are performed for routine confirmation of COVID-19 infection cases. PCR test is one of nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) for detection of viral RNA. The management of the COVID-19 detection caused controversies at the beginning of pandemic period. It seems that the controversies occurred due to misperception regarding the tests, as well as misunderstanding caused by differences in individual immune responses, viral dynamics in human bodies and clinical outcomes. In response to community opinion controversies, this paper discuss the following topics, i.e. a glimpse about COVID-19, the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2, viral dynamics in human body, the dynamics of human immune response to SARS-CoV-2, basic explanation about COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 testing, and the last part explained the occurred controversies. Keywords: Indonesia, polymerase chain reaction, rapid test, SARS-CoV-2, serology
Abstrak— Penetapan pelaksanaan deteksi kasus COVID-19 di Indonesia dilaksanakan sesuai arahan WHO. Uji serologis atau rapid test antibodi digunakan untuk test atau skrining massal sedangkan untuk uji berbasis polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) digunakan untuk konfirmasi rutin kasus infeksi COVID-19. Uji molekuler secara PCR merupakan salah satu metode nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT), untuk mendeteksi RNA virus. Penatalaksanaan deteksi Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ini di awal masa pandemik menimbulkan berbagai kontroversi di masyarakat. Kontroversi terjadi terutama karena pemahaman yang berbeda dari masyarakat mengenai prinsip pengujian dan adanya salah pengertian akibat adanya perbedaan respon immun antar individu, dinamika virus COVID-19 dalam tubuh orang terinfeksi, dan luaran klinis pasien. Menanggapi kontroversi pendapat di masyarakat maka pada tulisan ini dibahas tentang sekilas COVID-19, karakteristik SARS-CoV-2, dinamika virus dan pembentukan antibodi dalam tubuh manusia, penjelasan prinsip pengujian COVID-19 dan SAR-CoV-2 serta ulasan tentang kontroversi yang terjadi. Kata kunci: Indonesia, polymerase chain reaction, rapid test, SARS-CoV-2, serology
Desafíos de la responsabilidad administrativa ambiental en Cuba
Authors: Barrios Yaraí Toledo , González Daimar Cánovas 
Published: December 2020

En el presente trabajo se realiza un análisis de los desafíos que en materia de responsabilidad administrativa ambiental se le presentan a Cuba hoy, teniendo en cuenta las nuevas proyecciones en materia de desarrollo económico y social. En este sentido se aborda lo relativo a la actuación de la Administración en materia ambiental y el papel que le corresponde a la misma en el logro de una protección efectiva del ambiente. Igualmente, se realiza un breve recorrido por las cuestiones teóricas de trascendencia en el ámbito de la responsabilidad ambiental en sentido general, con referencias al plano internacional y nacional. En un segundo momento el trabajo se centra en el caso específico de la responsabilidad administrativa ambiental, con énfasis en el contenido del Decreto Ley 200/1999 «De las Contravenciones en materia de medio ambiente». Se realiza una valoración en torno a la regulación actual de la responsabilidad administrativa ambiental y se esbozan los principales desafíos que desde nuestra consideración enfrenta hoy Cuba en este ámbito.
Case Report of a Term Newborn with Prenatally Diagnosed Alobar Holoprosencephaly
Authors: Malchova E , Demova K. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Holoprosencephaly is a congenital structural abnormality of brain resulting from incomplete cleavage of prosencephalon into two cerebral hemispheres. It is classified as a disorder of organogenesis and brain histogenesis and is typically associated with facial anomalies.
Holoprosencephaly is relatively rare – the incidence in live births varies between 1:10,000 – 1:15,000 but is described in 1 out of 250 spontaneously aborted embryos.
There are four major varieties of holoprosencephaly according to the degree of separation of the brain hemispheres; this division is crucial for the patient’s prognosis. Three classic subtypes are alobar, semilobar, and lobar holoprosencephaly and there is also a fourth subtype called middle interhemispheric variant.
We present a case study of a term newborn with prenatally diagnosed holoprosencephaly with severe facial dys-morphism and associated health complications.
Seed Harvesting Properties of Corn Hybrids Under Two-Stage Separation
Authors: Kyrpa Mykola , Kovalov Denys , Skotar Svitlana , Bazilieva Yulia , Lupitko Oksana 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The objective of this experiment was to identify the effects of two-stage separation of a mixture of corn hybrid seeds to their fractional structure, sawing qualities, and harvesting properties. Research materials were seeds from different ripeness groups of selection in the State Establishment Institute of Grain Crops of National Academy Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine. The research included the laboratory modeling of the seed-separation process in the regimes of sieve separation which was done by features of the linear dimension of a seed. The separation process had two stages – the first stage and the second stage. At the first stage, this mixture of seeds was divided into two components with approximately similar capacity. At the first stage of choice, separate surfaces depended on the shape of the seed and the surface could have holes with different dimension sizes (round holes with a definite diameter or oblong with definite width and length). At the second stage, each component of the seed mixture was divided into fractions of necessary quantity, they had different shapes and linear dimensions of a seed. In researches, it was determined output and weight of 1,000 seeds as the main technic-technological indexes of the seed separation process, laboratory, and field germination, and yield capacity of fractions for corn seeds as the main indexes of quality. It was established that the two-stage method of division of the seed mass into fractions by feature “width of caryopsis” was the most effective for the separation of sowing materials of corn seeds. The indicated method provided the output of high-quality seeds of hybrid Svitiaz’ for the first sowing group within 68.8 – 81.9%, for the second sowing group 66.6 – 81.2% by years of researches. Separation in a two-stage regime with a division of seed mixture at the finishing phase of the seed separator work by feature “thickness of caryopsis” provided the formation of more uniform seed fractions.
A Note on Generalized Solution of a Cauchy Problem Given by a Nonhomogeneous Linear Differential System
Authors: Bogdan Marcel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Generalized solution of a Cauchy problem given by a nonhomogeneous linear differential system is recovered to this approach. It considers the case of the free term having at most countable number of discontinuity points. The method, called successive approach, uses the solution on the previous interval (except the first one) for the condition on the given interval. The sequence of commands for a computer algebra system to this method is given.
A Survey on Devices Exploiting Lora Communication
Authors: Carosso Lorenzo , Mattiauda Luca , Allegretti Marco 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have experienced a large application in many fields, such as smart homes, health monitoring, environmental monitoring, and a great number of studies is present in literature. In particular, it is expected that the Internet of Things (IoT) will become increasingly pervasive in everyday life. Among different technologies, devices based on Long Range (LoRa) and LoRaWAN stand out due to their relative low cost, low power consumption and large cover range. In this survey, recent papers investigating applications of LoRa modules have been selected. The different use-cases are presented with a comparison between communication parameters and results obtained.
Contributions to the study of common artifacts and errors in conventional and three-dimensional radio-imaging used in the evaluation of odontal, endodontic and periodontal pathology.
Authors: Kulcsar Diana-Florina , Stoica Oana Elena , Monea Monica Dana , Stoica Alexandra Mihaela 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction: X-ray radio imaging is commonly used because most diseases in the oral area can only be diagnosed by using this method. Proper identification of elements on a radiological image may also be difficult due to errors that may occur before, during or after the X-ray. These errors are called artifacts.
Aim of the study: The aim of our study is to distinguish the artifacts that can occur on two-dimensional and three-dimensional dental X-rays (intraoral or extraoral) from the actual pathology of the investigated area, by performing control X-rays.
Material and Methods: In our study we viewed, assessed and compared a number of 80 retroalveolar X-rays, 45 orthopantomographs (OPG) and 35 Cone Beam Computer Tomography (CBCT). In case of artifacts or errors, X-rays were repeated within 5 days or a CBCT was performed. In the case of OPGs, another option was to perform retroalveolar X-rays to establish the final diagnosis.
Results: From a total of 80 retroalveolar X-rays, in 13 cases (16.25%) we found artifacts. Of these, in only 4 cases (5%) diagnosis and treatment plan were changed following a clinical examination or a CBCT. In the case of OPGs, out of a total of 45 OPGs, 17 (37.7%) presented artifacts, but only in a percentage of 17.7% (8 cases) they affected the diagnosis. Of the 35 CBCTs, in 10 of them (28.57%) prosthetic works with a metal component or implants were present, with specific artifacts found, but their presence did not influence the diagnosis.
Conclusion: It is necessary for doctors to know the anatomy of the oral region, the most fervent appearance of the components and the different types of artifacts that may occur. Control X-ray is a very commonly used possibility, but there are cases where radiation exposure needs to be minimized.
Study about mechano-chemical gingival displacement with single-cord technique.
Authors: Janosi Kinga Mária , Cerghizan Diana , Fulop Szilárd , Molnar Szidónia , Baloş Monica 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Besides abutment preparation, the impression is essential in order to achieve an esthetical and functional prosthetic restoration. Proper gingival displacement and abutment finish line exposure is crucial for the proper impression technique.
The study aims are to investigate the vertical gingival displacement and if the free gingival margin returns to its original position after seven days by using a retraction cord impregnated with different chemical substances.
Materials and method: Our clinical study evaluated on digital photos the modification of the healthy, free gingival margin position on the labial surface of two upper central incisors in the same female patient during the sulcus enlargement with the mechano-chemical method.
Results: Statistically significant differences were obtained by comparing the mean values of vertical gingival displacement obtained using a non-impregnated and an impregnated retraction cord with different chemical at each time of the measurements.
Conclusion: The mechano-chemical technique is an efficient method for gingival displacement regardless the impregnating solution used.
HPCWMF: A Hybrid Predictive Cloud Workload Management Framework Using Improved LSTM Neural Network
Authors: Kumar K. Dinesh , Umamaheswari E. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
For cloud providers, workload prediction is a challenging task due to irregular incoming workloads from users. Accurate workload prediction is essential for scheduling the resources to the cloud applications. Thus, in this paper, the authors propose a predictive cloud workload management framework to estimate the needed resources in advance based on a hybrid approach, which is a combination of an improved Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network and a multilayer perceptron network. By improving the traditional LSTM architecture by using opposition-based differential evolution algorithm and dropout technique on recurrent connection without memory loss, the proposed approach has the ability to perform a better prediction process. A novel hybrid predictive approach is aiming at enhancing the prediction performance of the cloud workload. Finally, the authors measure the proposed approach’s effectiveness under benchmark data sets of NASA and Saskatchewan servers. The experimental results proved that the proposed approach outperforms the other conventional methods.
Vitamin E and Selenium Decreased Cortisol in Cattle
Authors: Mudroň P. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Twenty dairy cows with left abomasal displacement were used to investigate the effects of vitamin E and selenium treatment on blood cortisol in dairy cows stressed by omentopexy. The cows were randomly divided into two groups. Ten hours before surgery 6 g of DL-α-tocopheryl acetate (6 mg.kg−1) and 67 mg of natrium selenite (0.1 mg.kg−1) in a volume of 40 ml were administered subcutaneously to 10 cows; the control animals (n = 10) received an equivalent volume of injectable water (40 ml). The injection of vitamin E and selenium produced a rapid rise (P < 0.05) in blood α-tocopherol and selenium concentrations. The serum vitamin E increased several times ten hours after vitamin E and Se injection and raised continuously to the highest average concentration of 21.6 mg.l−1 at hour 24 after the surgery. The highest selenium concentration was seen ten hours after selenium administration with holding the increased concentrations in comparison to initial ones during the whole study. Serum cortisol increased in both groups after surgery. The highest cortisol concentrations were reached at one hour after surgery in the experimental and control group (56.7 ± 28.8 and 65.3 ± 26.1 μg.l−1, respectively). A return to the levels similar to the initial ones was recognized 24 hours after the surgery. The ANOVA revealed a significant effect of vitamin E and selenium injection on serum cortisol (P < 0.05). In conclusion, we have demonstrated that abdominal surgery resulted in typical stress changes with a weaker cortisol response to the abdominal surgery in animals treated with vitamin E and selenium.
Town avenues as flight corridors for Long-eared Owls (Asio otus)
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Authors: Mérő Thomas Oliver , Žuljević Antun 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
During winter, Long-eared Owls (Asio otus) usually roost in groups in urban areas, but their nocturnal movement patterns are less known. The aim of our study is to provide insight into the local-scale urban movement habits of Long-eared Owls. Our study was carried out between 2015 and 2019 in the autumn and winter period, by observations in the early evening and by ringing and recapture of owls in the town of Sombor (NE Serbia). We observed owls when leaving the roosting site located in the town centre following the greenery of the larger avenues towards the outskirts. Owls were sporadically observed in densely built areas of the town, narrow streets with less greenery. Ringing and recapture data suggest that owls were closely linked to the green corridors. They probably used these corridors for easier orientation and to prey on birds roosting in trees in the town, such as sparrows (Passer domesticus, P. montanus), Common Blackbirds (Turdus merula) or Fieldfares (T. pilaris) appearing in harsh winters, and sometimes also pigeons.
Performing Arts And Limitation As A Motive
Authors: Mircioagă Ion 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Two categories of limitations are identified in the performing arts: physical, on the one hand, and those related to the intellectual and emotional predispositions of artists, on the other. Physical boundaries, in turn, are divided into material barriers - for example, the type of performing space and its dimensions - and the constraints generated by the anatomy and morphology of each artist. The experience had at the Vasile Alecsandri National Theater, in Iaşi, is evoked, while insisting on the importance of the actors’ abilities to go through the different states of mind that accompany various ages of man. The discussion of limitations involves the discussion of the new. The contribution of new stage technologies to the evolution of theater is recorded. It is briefly described, in context, the experience facilitated by the show Planet of Lost Dreams, in order to advocate for the avoidance of the unwarranted use of means such as video projections, the Internet, etc. The challenges posed by the mix of 3D and 2D images are noted. The view is advanced that the total absence of limitations, as well as their formal treatment can block the development of the theater.
Hamlet’s Theatre Lesson
Authors: Cornici Antonella 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Hamlet is the play that has ignited the most numerous polemics, and about the Prince of Denmark and his madness, may it be considered real or acted out, thousands of pages have been written. “Hamlet is the absolute character. No other author has ever managed to create something with such a spectacular status. He is an enigma, the only one that has never given anyone the chance to fully decipher it, not one from all the people that had ever come close to it.”1 Hamlet- the actor and the director, this is the perspective from which one will seek answers by following the text and certain unique directorial approaches. One analyzed the monologue from the second scene of the third act. In this “theatre lesson”, one can find guidelines on acting, but also on directing, pieces of advice that are valid today. Hamlet is one of the characters with the most monologues, pages and pages of words that cover the same dilemma – To be or not to be. One proposes to follow the acting lesson, but also the play-within-the-play scene, as they are connected from the actors’ and directors’ perspectives. The monologue presents strict guidelines for actors/directors, exemplifying them, and in the scene of the performance one can notice whether the “lesson” was truly efficient or not. One will follow this specific path in certain productions, considered as being unique.
FEATURES OF LEGAL REGULATION OF STATE CONTROL ACTIVITIES AT THE PRESENT STAGE
Authors: Антонова Нана Алиевна 
Published: December 2020

Рассматриваются особенности осуществления контрольной деятельности органов государственной власти и местного самоуправления в условиях действия нового законодательства.
The article deals with the peculiarities of control activities of state and local government bodies in the context of the new legislation.
Revisiting the Dividend and Investment Puzzle: An International Review using US Corporate Governance Data
Authors: Farhan Mahboob  
Published: December 2020

This explanatory comparative review uses pooled regression, weighted least squares and GLS panel analysis on 943 listed US firms (2005-2009), while examining the effect of corporate governance (good and questionable), profitability and sales revenue on dividends and investment, seeking to examine the different aspects of the dividend and investment puzzle. After rigorous robust scrutiny, the research empirically endorses the claim that Corporate governance pursue investment decision, while curbing dividend payout, profoundly by questionable corporate governance; cash dividends are seldom given in the US. Sales Revenue (and the firm’s value) boost investments, while its positive influence on dividends is insignificant. All other tactics impede Dividend policy, most profoundly by the firm’s value. Taxable income impedes investment. On the other hand, the firm’s value and sales revenue do significantly influence corporate investment decisions, as postulated by the pecking order, capital structure substitution and residual theories. The empirical results reveal the latent capitalization/expensing ploy used by listed firms.Results suggest that US firms prefer investing funds generated from sales revenue, while expensing off tax deductible profits, thus benefiting from both the virtues of capital investment and expensing. Tax implication as well as the fallacy of dividend avoidance is also examined, apart from recommending policy for regulatory authorities as well as governors (board of directors) of firms to pursue.