bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in cardiac geometry in relation to body size among neonates with abnormal prenatal growth and body size at birth
Authors: Olander R. F. W. , Sundholm J. K. M. , Ojala T. H. , Andersson S. , Sarkola T. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTObjectivesBoth excessive and restricted fetal growth are associated with changes in cardiac geometry and function at birth. There are significant issues when indexing cardiac parameters for body size in the neonatal period. The aims of this study were to determine to what extent cardiac geometry is dependent on body size in term and preterm neonates with restricted or excessive fetal growth and how this is affected by adiposity.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of neonates born between 31 and 42 weeks of gestation, divided into three groups: (1) small‐for‐gestational age (SGA, birth weight > 2 SD below the mean); (2) large‐for‐gestational age (LGA, birth weight > 2 SD above the mean); and (3) appropriate‐for‐gestational‐age controls (AGA, birth weight ≤ 2 SD from the mean). Cardiac geometry and function were compared between the study groups, adjusting for body size. The potential impact of infant adiposity and maternal disease was assessed.ResultsIn total, 174 neonates were included, of which 39 were SGA, 45 were LGA and 90 were AGA. Body size was reflected in cardiac dimensions, with differences in cardiac dimensions disappearing between the SGA and AGA groups when indexed for body surface area (BSA) or thoracic circumference. The same was true for the differences in atrial and ventricular areas between the LGA and AGA groups. However, left ventricular inflow and outflow tract dimensions did not follow this trend as, when indexed for BSA, they were associated negatively with adiposity, resulting in diminished dimensions in LGA compared with AGA and SGA neonates. Adiposity was associated positively with left ventricular mass, right ventricular length and area and right atrial area. The SGA group showed increased right ventricular fractional area change, possibly reflecting differences in the systolic function of the right ventricle. We found evidence of altered diastolic function between the groups, with the mitral valve inflow E‐ to lateral E′‐wave peak velocity ratio being increased in the LGA group and decreased in the SGA group.ConclusionsCardiac geometry is explained by body size in both term and preterm AGA and SGA infants. However, the nature of the relationship between body size and cardiac dimensions may be influenced by adiposity in LGA infants, leading to underestimation of left ventricular inflow and outflow tract dimensions when adjusted for BSA. Adjustments for thoracic circumference provide similar results to those for BSA. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Health‐related quality of life in dogs treated with electrochemotherapy and/or interleukin‐12 gene electrotransfer
Authors: Milevoj Nina , Tozon Natasa , Licen Sabina , Lampreht Tratar Ursa , Sersa Gregor , Cemazar Maja 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the owners' perception of health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) of dogs after treatment with electrochemotherapy (ECT) alone or combined with interleukin‐12 gene electrotransfer (IL‐12 GET) and/or surgery. The owners of 44 dogs with histologically different tumours were offered the »Cancer Treatment Form« at least one month after treatment. The owners assessed their dogs’ quality of life (QoL) after treatment as good (mean 7.4) (from 1–very poor to 10–excellent) and the general health compared with the initial diagnosis of cancer as improving (mean 3.9) (from 1–worse to 5–better). The assessment of the current QoL was better within the group of dogs treated with non‐invasive treatment (ECT and/or IL‐12 GET only), compared with those that received invasive treatment, where, in addition to ECT and/or IL‐12 GET, surgery was performed (p < .05). The owners of dogs that achieved an objective response (OR) to the treatment assessed the QoL as significantly better compared with those whose dogs did not respond to the treatment (p < .05). The majority of the owners (86.4%) would opt for the therapy again, regardless of the financial costs. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that the majority of the owners of dogs assessed their dogs’ QoL as good and felt that it improved after the treatment, especially in dogs, treated with non‐invasive treatment and in those that responded to the treatment. This supports further use of ECT and IL‐12 GET as suitable methods for the treatment of selected tumours in veterinary medicine.
The “cultural turn” of climate history: An emerging field for studies of China and East Asia
Authors: Williamson Fiona 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe last few years have seen a surge of scholarly interest in how cultures have been influenced by climate, climatic changes, and extremes of weather. This “cultural turn” of climate history draws from the archives of society, rather than the archives of nature, and is heavily influenced by interpretative and methodological frameworks drawn from the humanities fields. Attention has been largely focused on European contexts and cultures. This article aims to show, however, that the climate history of Asia is on the cusp of developing its own strong cultural turn and that strong foundations and precedents have already been set. This article has two main objectives. The first is to explore approaches in the history of the climate in East Asia that claim to investigate interactions between climatic changes or extreme events and society and culture. Many of these are macro studies, comparing climatic changes with dramatic events in history. Then, it will take a closer look at scholarship that has focused closely on the ideas and beliefs that characterize a society, showing how regional customs and philosophical systems have developed in relation to weather. It will argue that better integration between the two approaches is needed if we are to fully grasp the interdependence of people and climate, a question that becomes ever more critical as we move further into the Anthropocene.This article is categorized under:
Climate, History, Society, Culture > World Historical Perspectives
Assessing Error in Locations of Conspicuous Wildlife Using Handheld GPS Units and Location Offset Methods
Authors: Robinson Samantha G. , Weithman Chelsea E. , Bellman Henrietta A. , Prisley Stephen P. , Fraser James D. , Catlin Daniel H. , Karpanty Sarah M. 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTCollecting spatially explicit locations of individual animals often is an important part of the study of habitat use. Obtaining accurate locations without disturbing an individual can be difficult for small species and may be limited for species of conservation concern, such as piping plover (Charadrius melodus), where a close approach is undesirable because of the potential for disturbance. To reduce disturbance while estimating an animal's location, an observer can collect their location using Global Positioning System (GPS) and offset that position using a distance and azimuth. Typically, error is not considered when these locations are determined, despite the potential effects of inaccuracy on habitat association results. Therefore, our objectives were to quantify potential error using the offset method and then evaluate how that error may manifest. During the plover breeding season in 2017 (Apr through Sep), we tested the error of Trimble GPS units compared with benchmark locations to assess the accuracy of locations derived from these units. We then assessed the error associated with offset locations of a small target using Trimble GPS units, laser rangefinders, and 2 compass types. Finally, we determined the potential consequence of unaccounted error in our system by comparing the difference between point locations and land‐cover data using our estimated error as a point buffer. Average error of the GPS units at benchmark locations was 0.95 m. The mean error of the offset locations increased with increasing observer distance from the decoy location (from  = 2.9 m to 7.6 m at distances of 20 m and 100 m, respectively). Error also increased with increasing error in the distance and azimuth measurements, and was greater using a digital GPS compass as compared with a handheld magnetic compass corrected for magnetic declination. In addition, potential misclassification of land‐cover type increased with increasing potential location error. When modeling animal locations, the error of point locations using this method, especially for land‐cover at the point location, should be accounted for using appropriately sized position buffers. Using this location collection method, we can increase our knowledge and study of conspicuous species to ensure that we consider habitats used throughout the species' life stages. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Warped symmetries of the Kerr black hole
Authors: Aggarwal Ankit , Castro Alejandra , Detournay Stéphane 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We propose a set of diffeomorphism that act non-trivially near the horizon of the Kerr black hole. We follow the recent developments of Haco-Hawking-Perry-Strominger to quantify this phase space, with the most substantial difference being our choice of vectors fields. Our gravitational charges are organized into a Virasoro-Kac-Moody algebra with non-trivial central extensions. We interpret this algebra as arising from a warped conformal field theory. Using the data we can infer from this warped CFT description, we capture the thermodynamic properties of the Kerr black hole.
Bound on asymptotics of magnitude of three point coefficients in 2D CFT
Authors: Pal Sridip 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
We use methods inspired from complex Tauberian theorems to make progress in understanding the asymptotic behavior of the magnitude of heavy-light-heavy three point coefficients rigorously. The conditions and the precise sense of averaging, which can lead to exponential suppression of such coefficients are investigated. We derive various bounds for the typical average value of the magnitude of heavy-light-heavy three point coefficients and verify them numerically.
Ectopic expression of the Stabilin2 gene triggered by an intracisternal A particle (IAP) element in DBA/2J strain of mice
Authors: Maeda-Smithies Nobuyo , Hiller Sylvia , Dong Sharlene , Kim Hyung-Suk , Bennett Brian J. , Kayashima Yukako 
Published: January 2020

AbstractStabilin2(Stab2) encodes a large transmembrane protein which is predominantly expressed in the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and functions as a scavenger receptor for various macromolecules including hyaluronans (HA). In DBA/2J mice, plasma HA concentration is ten times higher than in 129S6 or C57BL/6J mice, and this phenotype is genetically linked to theStab2locus.Stab2mRNA in the LSECs was significantly lower in DBA/2J than in 129S6, leading to reduced STAB2 proteins in the DBA/2J LSECs. We found a retrovirus-derived transposable element, intracisternal A particle (IAP), in the promoter region ofStab2DBAwhich likely interferes with normal expression in the LSECs. In contrast, in other tissues of DBA/2J mice, the IAP drives high ectopicStab2DBAtranscription starting within the 5′ long terminal repeat of IAP in a reverse orientation and continuing through the downstreamStab2DBA. Ectopic transcription requires theStab2-IAP element but is dominantly suppressed by the presence of loci on 59.7–73.0 Mb of chromosome (Chr) 13 from C57BL/6J, while the same region in 129S6 requires additional loci for complete suppression. Chr13:59.9–73 Mb contains a large number of genes encoding Krüppel-associated box-domain zinc-finger proteins that target transposable elements-derived sequences and repress their expression. Despite the high amount of ectopicStab2DBAtranscript in tissues other than liver, STAB2 protein was undetectable and unlikely to contribute to the plasma HA levels of DBA/2J mice. Nevertheless, the IAP insertion and its effects on the transcription of the downstreamStab2DBAexemplify that stochastic evolutional events could significantly influence susceptibility to complex but common diseases.
Dirty Bread, Forced Feeding, and Tea Parties: the Uses and Abuses of Food in Nineteenth-Century Insane Asylums
Authors: Kearin Madeline Bourque 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNineteenth-century psychiatrists ascribed to a model of health that was predicated on the existence of objective and strictly defined laws of nature. The allegedly “natural” rules governing the production of consumption of food, however, were structured by a set of distinctively bourgeois moral values that demonized over-indulgence and intemperance, encouraged self-discipline and productivity, and treated gentility as an index of social worth. Accordingly, the asylum acted not only as a therapeutic instrument but also as a moral machine that was designed to remake lazy, indolent transgressors into useful, “decorous” citizens. Because the theory and mechanics underlying this machine seemed straightforward and self-evident to psychiatrists, they were confounded when the asylum failed to translate its ideals into reality. While psychiatrists tended to blame this failure on the intractable immorality and weakness of individual patients, particularly paupers and immigrants, a review of the various meanings and uses of food in the hospital reveals the fault lines that ran through the asylum’s ideological structure.
Social inequalities in health-related quality of life among people aging with HIV/AIDS: the role of comorbidities and disease severity
Authors: Drewes Jochen , Ebert Jennifer , Langer Phil C. , Kleiber Dieter , Gusy Burkhard 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Purpose
While socioeconomic inequalities in health-related quality of life are well documented in the scientific literature, research has neglected to look into the reasons for these inequalities. The purpose of this study is to determine in what way social inequalities in health-related quality of life among patients with the same chronic disease could be explained by variations in disease severity.

Methods
We used the data of 748 people aging with HIV in Germany who took part in the nationwide study 50plushiv and provided self-report data on socioeconomic status, health-related quality of life (SF-12) and various markers of disease severity (comorbidity, falls, late presentation and AIDS diagnosis). Regression analyses were applied to determine the impact of SES on HRQOL after adjusting for disease severity variables.

Results
The mental and physical subscales of the SF-12, comorbidity burden and falls were significantly related to SES. SES explained 7% of the variance in PCS scores and 3% of the variance in MCS scores after adjusting for age and time since diagnosis. Markers of disease severity explained 33% of the variance in PCS scores and 14% of the variance in MCS scores. After adjusting for disease severity SES was still significantly related to PCS and MCS scores.

Conclusions
The diverse sample of people aging with HIV showed social inequalities regarding HRQOL and most of the disease severity markers. SES was significantly related to mental and physical HRQOL after adjusting for disease severity. Possible explanations for this phenomenon are discussed.
The effect of glutathione and mannitol on androgenesis in anther and isolated microspore cultures of rye (Secale cereale L.)
Authors: Zieliński Kamil , Krzewska Monika , Żur Iwona , Juzoń Katarzyna , Kopeć Przemysław , Nowicka Anna , Moravčiková Jana , Skrzypek Edyta , Dubas Ewa 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAndrogenic responsiveness in anther (AC) and isolated microspore cultures (MC) was analysed using 15 lines of Polish winter rye (Secale cereale L.). The effect of low temperature (LT) alone or in combination with osmotic stress induced by mannitol treatment (MAN) and/or with reduced glutathione (GSH) on the effectiveness of the process was studied. Interestingly, each treatment had a different effect on microspore (mcs) vitality and capability to divide symmetrically. The first criterion for successful embryogenesis was to exceed the threshold number of at least 25% dividing microspores, which determined ‘embryogenic suspension culture’. In some configurations a spectacular effect was achieved, especially in lines highly recalcitrant to androgenesis induction. Relatively high effectiveness of androgenesis induction (up to 4.58 AS per 105 mcs per spike in MC and 21.29 AS per spike in AC) showed that the developed protocol with GSH and/or MAN tiller pre-treatments overcomes the genotypic barrier for androgenesis initiation in rye. Moreover, relatively high, spontaneous genome diploidization (55%) of regenerated plants demonstrated that the described protocols could be effectively integrated into conventional rye breeding programmes.
Quantitative trade-off analysis of infrared light absorber effects contributed to photovoltaic cells performance
Authors: Bahrizadeh Shahrzad , Ghadamian Hossein , Aminy Mohammad , Rad Ali Hosseini , Azadeh Maryam 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIt is widely known that organic and inorganic coatings absorb more of the solar spectrum, and due to a considerable share of 45% infrared radiation, the energy efficiency drop by the increasing of temperature should be considered. The purpose of this study is to implement a system to characterize silicon solar cell performance and increasing energy efficiency by imposing such coatings as infrared wave absorber to overcome the Shockley–Queisser limit. In other words, this research efforts to improve cell efficiency (coating effects) in addition to imposing the efficiency decreasing effects (temperature increasing). The core of the study is laboratory and experimental set-up measurements to find an organic absorber with the highest absorbance. Ruthenium-based dye, N719, has shown the best performance in experimental conditions and heat extraction to enhance cell energy efficiency. Due to increased absorption in a solar cell (SC), to control the temperature rise of the system, the fan is used as a cooling system. The imposing of N719 results in increasing energy efficiency by up to 1.38%. It is worth noting that a 1.60% increase in energy efficiency is observed due to temperature reduction by 2 degrees.
The Mechanics of Consensus: Nonterritorial Cultural Autonomy and the Russian State
Authors: Prina Federica 
Published: January 2020

AbstractRussia’s institutions on nonterritorial cultural autonomy (NTCA) can be broadly situated within the country’s political community, in the sense that they—for the most part—recognize the government’s rules of engagement and its role as decision maker, leading to overarching consensus and pursuit of shared objectives. At the same time, they remain at the periphery of the political community. This article outlines the reasons for NTCA institutions’ peripherality and limited influence upon Russia’s minority policies. Such reasons are linked to external factors—Russia’s undemocratic political system—but also to conditions intrinsic to NTCA institutions themselves—forms of passivity and (non)participation, and blurred boundaries between NTCA institutions and state actors. The interaction of such factors generates the noted prevailing consensus between NTCA institutions and the Russian state. Interview data further reveal that representatives of NTCA institutions are far from monolithic: the said external and internal factors affect them in different ways, resulting in variations in forms of consensus and cooperation with state actors. This, in turn, allows for multiple interpretative frameworks of state–civil society coexistence in the sphere of Russia’s diversity management.
Does height matter for earnings? Evidence from Russia
Authors: Ibragimova Nargiza , Salahodjaev Raufhon 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study explores the link between height and earnings, using data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey for the year 2015 (24th wave). The dependent variable was average monthly income and the key independent variable was self-reported height, measured in centimetres. The empirical model also included a rich vector of personal and job-related factors that have been shown to be associated with earnings in the relevant literature. Sequential multiple regression and one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyse the data. The results suggest that height is a significant predictor of earnings in Russia. The results were found to be robust for a set of controls and tests.
Interventions to improve the health and wellbeing of older people living alone: a mixed-methods systematic review of effectiveness and accessibility
Authors: Johnstone Georgina , Dickins Marissa , Lowthian Judy , Renehan Emma , Enticott Joanne , Mortimer Duncan , Ogrin Rajna 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe global population is ageing and the likelihood of living alone increases with age. Services are necessary to help older people living alone to optimise health and wellbeing. This systematic review aimed to summarise the effectiveness and accessibility of interventions to improve the health and wellbeing of older people living alone. Relevant electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Scopus) were searched for all years up to August 2018. Studies were included if they involved older people (aged ⩾55 years) living alone, and an intervention with measured health and wellbeing outcomes. All study types were included. The Theory of Access was used to assess interventions across dimensions of accessibility, availability, acceptability, affordability, adequacy and awareness. Twenty-eight studies met the eligibility criteria; 17 studies focused on ageing safely in place and 11 on psychological and social wellbeing. Studies comprised quantitative (N = 19), qualitative (N = 4) and mixed-methods (N = 5) approaches. Dimensions from the Theory of Access were poorly addressed in the studies, particularly those of higher-quality methodology. Studies were heterogeneous, preliminary in scope and lacked consistent study design, methodology or measurement. Services that do not address user accessibility in design or evaluation may be limited in their uptake and impact. It is recommended that dimensions of access and co-creation principles be integrated into service design processes and be evaluated alongside clinical effectiveness.
Spontaneous aortic thrombosis in neonates: a case report and review of literature
Authors: Mulcaire-Jones John P. , Bailly David K. , Frank Deborah U. , Verma Anupam R. , Barney Bradley J. , Siefkes Heather M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractNeonatal aortic thrombosis is a rare occurrence but can be life-threatening. Most aortic thrombosis in neonates is related to umbilical artery catheters. A case of a neonate with a spontaneous aortic thrombosis is described here along with a comprehensive review of the literature for cases of neonatal aortic thrombosis not related to any intravascular device or procedure. The aetiologies of these spontaneous thromboses and the relevance of hypercoagulable disorders are discussed. The cases were analysed for odds of death by treatment method adjusted for era. The reference treatment method was thrombolysis and anticoagulation. No other treatment modality had significantly lower odds than the reference. Surgery alone had higher odds for death than the reference, but this may be confounded by severity of case. The management recommendations for clinicians encountering neonates with spontaneous neonatal aortic thrombosis are discussed.