bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lifetimes and Quantum Efficiencies of Quantum Dots Deterministically Positioned in Photonic‐Crystal Waveguides
Authors: Chu Xiao‐Liu , Pregnolato Tommaso , Schott Rüdiger , Wieck Andreas D. , Ludwig Arne , Rotenberg Nir , Lodahl Peter 
Published: September 2020

AbstractInterfacing single emitters and photonic nanostructures enables modifying their emission properties, such as enhancing individual decay rates or controlling the emission direction. To achieve full control, the single emitter must be positioned in the nanostructures deterministically. Here, spectroscopy is used to gain spectral and spatial information about individual quantum dots (QD) in order to position each emitter in a predetermined location in a unit cell of a photonic‐crystal waveguide (PhCW). Depending on the spatial and spectral positioning within the structured nanophotonic mode, the quantum dot emission is observed to either be suppressed or enhanced. These results represent an important step towards unlocking the full potential of nanophotonic systems and will be crucial to the creation of complex multi‐emitter quantum photonic circuits.
Robust model predictive control for nonlinear parameter varying systems without computational delay
Authors: Lan Jianglin , Zhao Dezong 
Published: September 2020

SummaryThis article proposes a one‐step ahead robust model predictive control (MPC) for discrete‐time Lipschitz nonlinear parameter varying (NLPV) systems subject to disturbances. Within the proposed design framework, the optimization that generates the MPC policy to be implemented at next time instant is executed in advance during the current sampling period based on future state prediction. This new feature allows avoidance of the online computational delay existing in the traditional MPC settings and improves the control performance. The proposed MPC is proved to be recursively feasible with the guarantee for robust closed‐loop system stability and satisfaction of input and output constraints. A tractable linear matrix inequality (LMI) optimization problem is formulated to compute the control gains at each time instant. The computational complexity of the obtained LMI problem is also analyzed. The one‐step ahead robust MPC is further developed to cover discrete‐time Lipschitz NLPV systems with disturbance compensation. Efficacy and performance improvement of the design are demonstrated through a numerical example and an application to adaptive cooperative cruise control for automated vehicles under variable road geometry.
2D Near‐Infrared Luminescence Ln–Coordination‐Polymers as an Assistor for Biomedicine
Authors: Liu Yan , Xie Xuedan , Xu Cong , Jiang Huie , Liu Weisheng 
Published: September 2020

AbstractConstructing Near‐Infrared (NIR) lanthanide coordination polymers (Ln‐CPs) is of great importance for biomedicial application, due to low toxicity and high‐resolution transparency of biological tissues. Yb3+ coordination polymer is researched widely because of its sharp emission at 980 nm could being identified and penetrate tissue easily. In our work, a rigid and highly symmetrical carboxylic acid H3L (2,2′‐((5‐carboxy‐1,3‐phenylene)bis(oxy))diacetic acid) was synthesised to build Ln‐CPs. The two‐dimensional (2D) lanthanide coordination polymers (Ln‐CPs)[Ln(L)(Dimethylacetamide)⋅H2O]n (Ln=Er, Yb) were obtained by the reaction of Ln(NO3)3 ⋅ 6H2O and H3L under 140 °C. Single Crystal X‐ray Diﬀraction (SCXRD) analysis indicates that all the Ln‐CPs present a 2D layer structure formed by lanthanide ions and linkers COO−. The structure of bulk samples were characterized by Powder X‐ray Diffraction (PXRD). The patterns indicate that Yb‐CP and Er‐CP are of excellent phase purity. We also explored the near‐infrared luminescence properties of these coordination polymers at solid‐state. Yb‐CP shows NIR emission at around 980 nm, which can be assigned to the 2F5/2→2F7/2 transition of the Yb3+ ion.
Tragacanth Hydrogel Integrated CeO2@rGO Nanocomposite as Reusable Photocatalysts for Organic Dye Degradation
Authors: Garg Deepa , Matai Ishita , Garg Anjali , Sachdev Abhay 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSunlight‐driven photocatalytic degradation has attracted great attention to tackle the issue of water contaminating organic dyes. As a proof of concept, we propose that nanoceria (CeO2) decorated on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), could effectively degrade pollutant organic dyes namely methylene blue (MB) and congo red (CR), when exposed to sunlight. The formation of as‐synthesized nanocomposite (CeO2@rGO) was monitored using UV‐visible, Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR) and RAMAN spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Photoluminescence (PL), and Field emission scanning electronic microscopy (FESEM). Time‐dependent dye degradation was observed for up to 5 h and followed Langmuir‐Hinshelwood first‐order kinetics. Notably, at equivalent concentrations (2 mg), CeO2@rGO exhibited enhanced degradation of MB (∼92 %) and CR (∼83 %) dyes when compared to bare CeO2. The photocatalytic efficiency of CeO2@rGO was further enhanced by integrating in a polymer hydrogel fabricated using tragacanth (TG), a natural gum. The hydrogel photocatalyst (CeO2@rGO‐TG) exhibited ∼91 % MB degradation, at half the amount of CeO2@rGO in free form. More importantly, CeO2@rGO‐TG could be easily separated from the dye solution and re‐employed for multiple cycles of degradation.
A Unique Thiosemicarbazide‐Based Colorimetric Chemosensor for Fe2+ in Pure Aqueous Solution with the Lowest Detection Limit
Authors: So Haeri , Lee Minji , Kim Cheal 
Published: September 2020

AbstractA unique colorimetric chemosensor Hy‐bp based on thiosemicarbazide was prepared. Hy‐bp showed an obvious red‐shifted spectrum and unique color change from colorless to deep green only for Fe2+. Detection limit for Fe2+ was 0.34 μM, which is the lowest among those of colorimetric chemosensors previously reported for Fe2+ in pure aqueous solution. Hy‐bp can be utilized in paper strips and water samples as a colorimetric sensor for detecting Fe2+. The sensing mechanism of Hy‐bp for Fe2+ was demonstrated by UV‐vis spectroscopy, Job plot, FT‐IR and 1H NMR titrations.
Comparative Study of the Effect of Water on Cu/SiO2 Catalysts Prepared by Different Methods: Structure, Hydrogenation Performance and the Promotion of Reduction Cu+ to Cu0
Authors: Chen Zheng , Chen Jiangang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe effect of water on the performance of Cu/SiO2 catalysts prepared by four different methods was investigated by ethyl acetate (AcOEt) hydrogenation to ethanol (EtOH). The catalysts were characterized using XRD, FT‐IR, TPR, N2O titration, TEM and XPS to understand the structure‐catalytic efficiency relationships. The results showed high copper species dispersion and strong interaction between copper and silica were responsible for water‐tolerant hydrogenation performance of catalysts. Interestingly, although water oxidized slightly Cu0 or Cu+ to Cu2+ in the reaction, it maybe promote the reduction of Cu+ to Cu0. Notably, the Cu+ content of spent catalysts at condition with water decreased in comparison with that of spent catalysts at condition without water. This might be because that water formed film on Cu2O surface by adsorbing, which enhanced the spillover of dissociated H from Cu0 to Cu+ sites and then promoted its reduction.
Organocatalytic Reduction of Nitroarenes with Phenyl(2‐quinolyl)methanol
Authors: Giomi Donatella , Ceccarelli Jacopo , Salvini Antonella , Brandi Alberto 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe transition metal free reduction of aromatic/heteroaromatic nitro compounds to amines has been improved employing phenyl(2‐quinolyl)methanol (PQM) as organocatalyst in the presence of NaBH4 or NaCNBH3 as stoichiometric reducing agent. The procedure is chemoselective for NO2 group reduction with high tolerance of many functionalities. The reaction pathway strongly depends on the substituents present on the nitroarene ring. However, a careful choice of the reaction conditions allows to address the reduction process towards the corresponding anilines (isolated in 17–91 % yields). The use of substoichiometric amounts of PQM allows more sustainable processes: reaction products are easily isolated and PQM can be directly recovered at the end of the reaction and recycled.
Understanding the Early Stages of Nickel Sulfide Nanocluster Growth: Isolation of Ni3, Ni4, Ni5, and Ni8 Intermediates
Authors: Touchton Alexander J. , Wu Guang , Hayton Trevor W. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAddition of sub‐stoichiometric quantities of PEt3 and diphenyl disulfide to a solution of [Ni(1,5‐cod)2] generates a mixture of [Ni3(SPh)4(PEt3)3] (1), unreacted [Ni(1,5‐cod)2], and [(1,5‐cod)Ni(PEt3)2], according to 1H and 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopic monitoring of the in situ reaction mixture. On standing, complex 1 converts into [Ni4(S)(Ph)(SPh)3(PEt3)3] (2), via formal addition of a “Ni(0)” equivalent, coupled with a CS oxidative addition step, which simultaneously generates the Ni‐bound phenyl ligand and the μ3‐sulfide ligand. Upon gentle heating, complex 2 converts into a mixture of [Ni5(S)2(SPh)2(PEt3)5] (3) and [Ni8(S)5(PEt3)7] (4), via further addition of “Ni(0)” equivalents, in combination with a series of C–S oxidative addition and CC reductive elimination steps, which serve to convert thiophenolate ligands into sulfide ligands and biphenyl. The presence of 1–4 in the reaction mixture is confirmed by their independent syntheses and subsequent spectroscopic characterization. Overall, this work provides an unprecedented level of detail of the early stages of Ni nanocluster growth and highlights the fundamental reaction steps (i.e., metal atom addition, CS oxidative addition, and CC reductive elimination) that are required to grow an individual cluster.
Constructing Chemical Interaction between Hematite and Carbon Nanosheets with Single Active Sites for Efficient Photo‐Electrochemical Water Oxidation
Authors: Yang Gaoliang , Li Yunxiang , Lin Huiwen , Ren Xiaohui , Philo Davin , Wang Qi , He Yu , Ichihara Fumihiko , Luo Shunqin , Wang Shengyao , Ye Jinhua 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAddressing the intrinsic charge recombination of hematite (α‐Fe2O3) is significantly important for achieving highly efficient photo‐electrochemical water oxidation but still remains challenging. Herein, this challenge is tackled by constructing chemical interaction at the interface of α‐Fe2O3 and carbon nanosheets with single‐nickel sites (Ni‐NC), which can accelerate the reaction kinetics by providing additional charge transport channels and abundant active sites. The interfacial carrier path induced by the chemical coupling and the efficient single‐nickel sites work collaboratively, achieving an impressive photocurrent density of 1.85 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), up to 2.2 times higher than that of pure α‐Fe2O3. These findings shed light on an interface modulation strategy and provide an alternative toward utilizing unique single active sites for efficient photo‐electrochemical water splitting.
Zur Berücksichtigung thermoviskoelastischer Einflüsse polymerer Komponenten bei der Modellierung der Dynamik von Schwenktraversen‐Dehnfugen
Authors: Köppl Johannes , Kraus Michael A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDer vorliegende Beitrag fasst den aktuellen Stand der Forschung bez. der Modellierung von Schwenktraversen‐Dehnfugen (DS) und deren zugehöriger Komponenten zusammen. Ausgehend von den erarbeiteten Schwachstellen wird ein verbesserter Ansatz zur realitätsnahen Modellierung und Bemessung von DS hergeleitet. Dieser besteht aus zwei aufeinander aufbauenden Arbeitsschritten. Zunächst erfolgt eine korrekte experimentelle Ermittlung und Ableitung der Steifigkeits‐ und Dämpfungskoeffizienten der Elastomerkomponenten der Dehnfuge. Auf der Grundlage einer in diesem Beitrag vorgestellten Methode zur arbeitskonjugierten Linearisierung der viskoelastischen Materialeigenschaften der Lagerpolymere wird die Verwendung baupraktisch üblicher Finite‐Elemente‐Software zur Untersuchung von DS ermöglicht. Das Beispiel der numerischen Modellierung einer DS veranschaulicht das hier vorgestellte Näherungsverfahren und verdeutlicht die realitätsnahe und zutreffende Abbildung von DS mit dieser Methode.
Physik‐informierte Künstliche Intelligenz zur Berechnung und Bemessung im Stahlbau
Authors: Kraus Michael A. , Taras Andreas 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDie Technologie der Künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) hält derzeit flächendeckend Einzug in Forschung und Praxis aller Branchen. Vorliegender Beitrag greift dies auf, um Hintergründe der KI allgemein sowie speziell für Physik‐informierte KI (PIKI) einzuführen. Ausgewählte Beispiele der Berechnungs‐ und Bemessungspraxis des Stahlbaus veranschaulichen die Anwendung von Physik‐informierten Neuronalen Netzen (PINN), wobei spezifische Anforderungen an die Formulierungen des Lernproblems herausgearbeitet werden. PINNs stellen somit eine Alternative zu etablierten numerischen Verfahren unter besonderer Berücksichtigung vorhandener Simulations‐ und Versuchsdaten dar. Dies erlaubt die Interpretation und Nutzung von PINNs als digitalen Zwilling eines Tragwerks über dessen Lebenszyklus. Die dargestellte PIKI bedingt nicht per se eine Big‐Data‐Situation und ist damit für die Ingenieurforschung und ‐praxis interessant. Ein Ausblick auf künftige Anwendungen der KI im Stahlbau rundet diesen Beitrag ab.
Activation of β-catenin by TGF-β1 promotes ligament-fibroblastic differentiation and inhibits cementoblastic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells
Authors: Lim Jong-Chan , Bae Sang-Hoon , Lee Gyutae , Ryu Chun Jeih , Jang Young-Joo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways are known to be essential for the development of periodontal tissue. In this study, we examined the crosstalk between TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in ligament-fibroblastic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). TGF-β1 treatment significantly increased the expression of ligament-fibroblastic markers, but such expression was preventing by treatment with SB431542, a TGF-β type I receptor inhibitor. As well as phosphorylation of Smad3, TGF-β1 increased β-catenin activation. The depletion of β-catenin reduced the expression of ligament-fibroblastic markers, suggesting that β-catenin is essential for ligament differentiation. The effect of TGF-β1 on β-catenin activation did not seem to be much correlated with Wnt stimuli, but endogenous DKK1 was suppressed by TGF-β1, indicating that β-catenin activation could be increased much more by TGF-β1. In addition to DKK1 suppression, Smad3 phosphorylation by TGF-β1 facilitated the nuclear translocation of cytoplasmic β-catenin. In contrast to ligament-fibroblastic differentiation, inhibition of TGF-β1 signaling was needed for cementoblastic differentiation of hPDLCs. BMP7 treatment accompanied by inhibition of TGF-β1 signaling had a synergistic effect on cementoblastic differentiation. In conclusion, β-catenin activation by TGF-β1 caused ligament-fibroblastic differentiation of hPDLCs, and the presence of TGF-β1 stimuli basically determined whether hPDLCs are differentiated into ligament progenitor or cementoblasts.
microRNA strand selection: Unwinding the rules
Authors: Medley Jeffrey C. , Panzade Ganesh , Zinovyeva Anna Y. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractmicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a central role in the regulation of gene expression by targeting specific mRNAs for degradation or translational repression. Each miRNA is post‐transcriptionally processed into a duplex comprising two strands. One of the two miRNA strands is selectively loaded into an Argonaute protein to form the miRNA‐Induced Silencing Complex (miRISC) in a process referred to as miRNA strand selection. The other strand is ejected from the complex and is subject to degradation. The target gene specificity of miRISC is determined by sequence complementarity between the Argonaute‐loaded miRNA strand and target mRNA. Each strand of the miRNA duplex has the capacity to be loaded into miRISC and possesses a unique seed sequence. Therefore, miRNA strand selection plays a defining role in dictating the specificity of miRISC toward its targets and provides a mechanism to alter gene expression in a switch‐like fashion. Aberrant strand selection can lead to altered gene regulation by miRISC and is observed in several human diseases including cancer. Previous and emerging data shape the rules governing miRNA strand selection and shed light on how these rules can be circumvented in various physiological and pathological contexts.This article is categorized under:
RNA Processing > Processing of Small RNAs
Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs
Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Biogenesis of Effector Small RNAs
Impacts of Climate Change to Poultry Production in Africa: Adaptation Options for Broiler Chickens
Authors: Abioja M. O. , Abiona J. A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractGlobal climate change poses a great threat to poultry production. Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are released through both natural and anthropogenic sources into the atmosphere. Though poultry production contributes little to the release of GHGs, the subsector has been shown to be greatly affected by climate change and global warming. Poultry production as a major subsector of agriculture has provided the teeming population with a supply of needed animal protein in terms of meat and egg production all over the world. It is yet a major global employer of labor. Though it occupies a vantage position in meeting human needs, it is being threatened by climate change, especially in Africa where necessary structure to tackle the menace is nonexistent. Broiler chickens that are reared mainly for chicken meat cannot tolerate the high ambient temperature that prevails mostly in the tropical environment. Chickens are homeotherms that homeostatically regulate core body temperature within a narrow range. Elevated ambient temperature above thermal comfort zone, such as envisaged in climate change scenarios, will trigger series of neuroendocrine modulations that are detrimental to the welfare and productivity in broiler chickens. Such birds are said to be undergoing heat stress (HS). Negative effects of HS include reduced feed consumption, growth rate, feed digestion and efficiency, immunity, welfare, and survivability. Various adaptive measures that could be harnessed by broiler farmers, ranging from housing, feeding, watering, stocking, breeding for thermo-tolerant strains, thermal conditioning, use of phytochemicals, and much more, are reviewed upon in this chapter.
Introduction
Authors: Alm Erika , Berg Linda , Lundahl Hero Mikela , Johansson Anna , Laskar Pia , Martinsson Lena , Mulinari Diana , Wasshede Cathrin 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe focus of this book is on the many far from predictable transformative political processes on gender, sexuality and coloniality that grow out of the broad range of bodies and actors engaged in politics outside the hegemonic order and in everyday activities. These processes are not conducted by states, governments or transnational nongovernmental organisations; rather, they are examples of politics in-between states, organisations and national imagined communities. In this first chapter we will introduce some of the main themes, regarding these processes we in our joint research programme have worked on over the last couple of years.
Public Intimacy and ‘White Feminism’: On the Vain Trust in Scandinavian Equality
Authors: Lundahl Hero Mikela 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis chapter addresses Islamophobia as it is expressed in and through discourses of feminism and gender inequality, in some recent debates about public appearances of Muslims in Sweden. In debates about whether or not we should open for a few hours of women only in the public swimming pools debaters use feminist arguments on equality, some writers argue that such an act would risk that Sweden turned into a ‘medieval’ situation, or becomes a version of Iran. Liberal debaters, who clearly restrict their liberalism to westernised individuals and practices, build these arguments upon a rationale of feminism and gender equality. How can we protect the feminist discourse from being used in Islamophobic contexts as these? In this chapter I argue that feminism has to strengthen its articulations of its critique against universalism, and white, western, secular, middle-class (as well as hetero- and cis-) values, if it wants to be relevant in a globalised world.
1 May: Muslim Women Talk Back—A Political Transformation of Secular Modernity on International Workers’ Day
Authors: Martinsson Lena 
Published: September 2020

Abstract1 May 2017 hundreds of Muslim women wearing the veil took part in an International Workers’ Day demonstration in Gothenburg. The Swedish modernity project places a strong value on the idea of secularism. However, while secularism and Christianity become inseparable and part of the imagined Swedish community, Islam and Judaism are excluded from the Swedish and European centre. An EU verdict that sparked the idea of a 1 May demonstration is one example of this historical process. Muslim women wearing the veil are not counted in the modernist work of gender equality in Europe and Sweden. This example is especially serious, and violent, in Sweden, where gender equality is understood as a national quality. This version of modernity offers a bright future for the hegemonic centre and requires others to assimilate. The hundreds of Muslim women in the demonstration challenged the notions that modernity and Swedish gender equality must, by definition, be secular/Christian. The women—who addressed themselves as important historical political subjects—performed through the demonstration a decolonial alternative to the story of Swedish anti-religious modernity. The existence of more than one linear path to gender equality undermines the narrative of colonial modernity and Swedish white exceptionalism.
Introduction: Disordered Mood as Historical Problem
Authors: Jansson Åsa 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe introduction situates the narrative of this book—the reconceptualisation of melancholia in nineteenth-century psychiatry—firstly in the context of current attempts to ‘resurrect’ melancholia as a psychiatric diagnosis, secondly in relation to the history of melancholia more broadly, and finally in the context of past and present debates about classification in psychiatry. The core argument of the book is briefly outlined: in the nineteenth century, melancholia was reconfigured as a modern biomedical disorder of emotion. Two developments in particular were foundational to this new model of melancholia. The first was the uptake of physiological language and concepts into psychological medicine. The second was the institutionalisation of medical statistics together with a standardisation of asylum recording practices.
The Scientific Foundation of Disordered Mood
Authors: Jansson Åsa 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis chapter maps how early nineteenth-century experimental physiology provided a biological foundation for mental disorders in which no visible changes to brain tissue could be found. It charts the emergence of ‘psychological reflex action’, a key concept that facilitated a view of emotion as automated and involuntary, and thus prone to malfunction. The chapter follows the trajectory of psychological reflexion from internal scientific medicine to what became known as ‘physiological psychology’, where it provided mid-century British writers with the tools to create a biomedical framework for the phenomenon of disordered mood. The chapter ends by looking at how physiological psychology was gradually taken up by mid-century asylum physicians writing on mental disease.