bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-TNF-α Treatment Reduces the Baseline Procoagulant Imbalance of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: Tripodi Armando , Spina Luisa , Pisani Laura Francesca , Padovan Lidia , Cavallaro Flaminia , Chantarangkul Veena , Valsecchi Carla , Peyvandi Flora , Vecchi Maurizio 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by an increased thrombosis risk of uncertain etiology. Coagulation derangement arising from inflammation may be a triggering factor. We hypothesized that strong inflammation inhibitors (eg, anti-tumor necrosis factor-α drugs) may affect coagulation.

Methods
Forty patients with IBD were compared with 57 control patients for coagulation factors and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), the latter being the most sensitive marker of in vivo pro- and anticoagulation balance. We measured ETP in the presence and absence of thrombomodulin (the physiologic protein C [PC] activator). Coagulation at different timepoints was also assessed for 28 of these patients during infliximab treatment.

Results
The median ETP (nM thrombin × minutes) and range (minimum-maximum) were each higher in patients at baseline than in control patients in both the absence (2120 [1611-3041] vs 1865 [1270-2337]) and the presence (1453 [464-2522] vs 831 [104-1741]) of thrombomodulin. The ETP ratio (with/without thrombomodulin) was high at baseline (0.73 [0.21-0.90] vs 0.45 [0.07-0.85]). The ETP and ETP ratio declined during treatment and were significantly lower at the end than at baseline. Factor (F) VIII and fibrinogen, which were high at baseline, decreased during treatment and at the end were significantly lower than at baseline. The FVIII/PC ratio, which was high in patients at baseline, declined during treatment and at the end was lower than at baseline. C-reactive protein recorded at the end of treatment was lower than at baseline.

Conclusions
Patients with IBD have a procoagulant imbalance as shown by increased ETP at baseline. The ETP decreases during treatment with infliximab, which is related to decreased FVIII and FVIII/PC ratio. This effect is also related to the improvement of inflammation as shown by decreased fibrinogen and C-reactive protein.
Hepatitis-B Vaccine Response in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kochhar Gursimran S , Mohan Babu P , Khan Shahab R , Chandan Saurabh , Kassab Lena L , Ponnada Suresh , Desai Aakash , Caldera Freddy , Dulai Parambir S , Farraye Francis A 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Data on efficacy of hepatitis-B vaccine (HBV) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is limited. Our aim was to review the literature and perform meta-analysis of available studies to quantify efficacy of HBV in patients with IBD.

Methods
We conducted a comprehensive search of several databases (inception to July 2020) to identify studies evaluating efficacy of HBV in patients with IBD. Random effects model was used to calculate the pooled rates and I2 percentage values were used to assess the heterogeneity.

Results
A total of 14 studies (2375 patients) were included. Four data sets were available from 2 studies that compared HBV response in patients with IBD against healthy controls. The pooled odds ratio of HBV response in IBD patients was 0.13 (95% CI, 0.05–0.33, P = 0.001). The pooled proportion of adequate immune response (AIR) was 64% (95% CI, 55–72.1, P = 0.003) from 13 data sets, and effective immune response (EIR) was 39.7% (95% CI, 30.7–49.5, P = 0.04) from 10 data sets.

Conclusion
Patients with IBD on immunosuppression demonstrated significantly reduced HBV response as compared with general population.
Economic effects of sea surface temperature, aging population, and market distance on a small-scale fishery
Authors: Jang Ho Geun , Yamazaki Satoshi , Kiyama Shoichi , Higashida Keisaku , Tinch Dugald 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We studied how local environmental and socio-economic factors impact fish supply and the price outcome of small-scale fisheries. We exploited day-to-day variations in sea surface temperature (SST) and cross-sectional differences in market distance and age of fishers to measure consumers’ responsiveness to price changes in a small-scale octopus fishery in Japan. Using the estimated demand parameters, we quantified the economic consequences of local socio-environmental factors in terms of changes in fishing revenue and consumer surplus. We found that increasing SST and an aging workforce increase the octopus supply and that consumers are responsive to price changes due to such supply shocks. Our results suggest that increasing SST and an aging workforce have positive net effects on fishing revenue and consumer surplus within the fishery. The octopus fishery provides a temporary source of income in the off-season of other species, smoothing the seasonal income variation of elderly fishers in the community.
Analysis of RNA-Seq, DNA Target Enrichment, and Sanger Nucleotide Sequence Data Resolves Deep Splits in the Phylogeny of Cuckoo Wasps (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae)
Authors: Pauli Thomas , Meusemann Karen , Kukowka Sandra , Sann Manuela , Donath Alexander , Mayer Christoph , Oeyen Jan Philip , Ballesteros Yolanda , Berg Alexander , van den Berghe Eric , Escalona Hermes E , Guglielmino Adalgisa , Niehuis Manfred , Olmi Massimo , Podsiadlowski Lars , Polidori Carlo , de Rond Jeroen , Rosa Paolo , Schmitt Thomas , Strumia Franco , Wurdack Mareike , Liu Shanlin , Zhou Xin , Misof Bernhard , Peters Ralph S , Niehuis Oliver 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe wasp family Chrysididae (cuckoo wasps, gold wasps) comprises exclusively parasitoid and kleptoparasitic species, many of which feature a stunning iridescent coloration and phenotypic adaptations to their parasitic life style. Previous attempts to infer phylogenetic relationships among the family’s major lineages (subfamilies, tribes, genera) based on Sanger sequence data were insufficient to statistically resolve the monophyly and the phylogenetic position of the subfamily Amiseginae and the phylogenetic relationships among the tribes Allocoeliini, Chrysidini, Elampini, and Parnopini (Chrysidinae). Here, we present a phylogeny inferred from nucleotide sequence data of 492 nuclear single-copy genes (230,915 aligned amino acid sites) from 94 species of Chrysidoidea (representing Bethylidae, Chrysididae, Dryinidae, Plumariidae) and 45 outgroup species by combining RNA-seq and DNA target enrichment data. We find support for Amiseginae being more closely related to Cleptinae than to Chrysidinae. Furthermore, we find strong support for Allocoeliini being the sister lineage of all remaining Chrysidinae, whereas Elampini represent the sister lineage of Chrysidini and Parnopini. Our study corroborates results from a recent phylogenomic investigation, which revealed Chrysidoidea as likely paraphyletic.
Upper Cretaceous paleoenvironmental changes and petrophysical responses in lacustrine record (Songliao Basin, NE China) and marine sedimentary deposit (Goban Spur Basin, NW Europe)
Authors: Kouamelan Kouamelan Serge , Zou Changchun , Assie Konan Roger , Peng Cheng , N'dri Koffi Alexis , Mondah Ohouo Rebecca 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe Cretaceous interval is marked by several important geological changes whose prints are buried in both continental and marine sytems. Although significant paleoenvironmental details of this period have been inferred from biological and geochemical indicators, little is known about the physical proxies. Through scientific borehole data, petrophysical properties of Upper Cretaceous Songliao Basin (SB) in NE China and Goban Spur Basin (GSB) in NW Europe were intercorrelated to investigate the critical geological paleoenvironmental shifts and their petrophysical responses, through statistical, wavelet and spectral approaches. The results demonstrated that petrophysical features, particularly gamma-ray and resistivity reactivities, were responsive to past environmental changes in both terrestrial and marine systems. Shifts in organic-rich shale deposition and brine bearing shale showed a correlation to a probable period of seawater incursion in SB, while the gamma log, resistivity and density reactivities were interrelated to the basin paleo-structuration. At GSB, the gamma-ray and resistivity reactivities are tied-up to the Mid-Atlantic seabed motion, marine-water level shifts and paleoceanographic instabilities. In both paleo-basins, a decrease in the gamma-ray reactivity occurred from Turonian to Maastrichtian and is consistent with a regional or global increase in hydrodynamic energy. The oceanic/lacustrine anoxic events related to low sedimentation rate occurred in both basins and are associated with high gamma-ray and resistivity signals (SB); high gamma-ray and low resistivity signals (GSB). These changes correlated with geochemical evidence, suggesting that gamma-ray and resistivity can represent alternative means for marine and continental paleoenvironmental comparison.
The Key to Combat Readiness Is a Strong Military–Civilian Partnership
Authors: Sussman Matthew S , Ryon Emily L , Urrechaga Eva M , Cioci Alessia C , Herrington Tyler J , Pizano Louis R , Garcia George D , Namias Nicholas , Wetstein Paul J , Buzzelli Mark D , Gross Kirby R , Proctor Kenneth G 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT

Introduction
In peacetime, it is challenging for Army Forward Resuscitative Surgical Teams (FRST) to maintain combat readiness as trauma represents &lt;0.5% of military hospital admissions and not all team members have daily clinical responsibilities. Military surgeon clinical experience has been described, but no data exist for other members of the FRST. We test the hypothesis that the clinical experience of non-physician FRST members varies between active duty (AD) and Army reservists (AR).

Methods
Over a 3-year period, all FRSTs were surveyed at one civilian center.

Results
Six hundred and thirteen FRST soldiers were provided surveys and 609 responded (99.3%), including 499 (81.9%) non-physicians and 110 (18.1%) physicians/physician assistants. The non-physician group included 69% male with an average age of 34 ± 11 years and consisted of 224 AR (45%) and 275 AD (55%). Rank ranged from Private to Colonel with officers accounting for 41%. For AD vs. AR, combat experience was similar: 50% vs. 52% had ≥1 combat deployment, 52% vs. 60% peri-deployment patient load was trauma-related, and 31% vs. 32% had ≥40 patient contacts during most recent deployment (all P &gt; .15). However, medical experience differed for AD and AR: 18% vs. 29% had &gt;15 years of experience in practice and 4% vs. 17% spent &gt;50% of their time treating critically injured patients (all P &lt; .001). These differences persisted across all specialties, including perioperative nurses, certified registered nurse anesthetists, operating room (OR) techs, critical-care nurses, emergency room (ER) nurses, licensed practical nurse (LPN), and combat medics.

Conclusions
This is the first study of clinical practice patterns in AD vs. AR, non-physician members of Army FRSTs. In concordance with previous studies of military surgeons, FRST non-physicians seem to be lacking clinical experience as well. To maintain readiness and to provide optimal care for our injured warriors, the entire FRST, not just individuals, should embed within civilian centers.
Could Uranus and Neptune form by collisions of planetary embryos?
Authors: Chau Alice , Reinhardt Christian , Izidoro André , Stadel Joachim , Helled Ravit 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
The origin of Uranus and Neptune remains a challenge for planet formation models. A potential explanation is that the planets formed from a population of a few planetary embryos with masses of a few Earth masses which formed beyond Saturn’s orbit and migrated inwards. These embryos can collide and merge to form Uranus and Neptune. In this work, we revisit this formation scenario and study the outcomes of such collisions using 3D hydrodynamical simulations. We investigate under what conditions the perfect-merging assumption is appropriate, and infer the planets’ final masses, obliquities, and rotation periods, as well as the presence of proto-satellite discs. We find that the total bound mass and obliquities of the planets formed in our simulations generally agree with N-body simulations therefore validating the perfect-merging assumption. The inferred obliquities, however, are typically different from those of Uranus and Neptune, and can be roughly matched only in a few cases. In addition, we find that in most cases, the planets formed in this scenario rotate faster than Uranus and Neptune, close to break-up speed, and have massive discs. We therefore conclude that forming Uranus and Neptune in this scenario is challenging, and further research is required. We suggest that future planet formation models should aim to explain the various physical properties of the planets such as their masses, compositions, obliquities, rotation rates, and satellite systems.
SN 2020ank: a bright and fast-evolving H-deficient superluminous supernova
Authors: Kumar Amit , Kumar Brajesh , Pandey S B , Sahu D K , Singh Avinash , Anupama G C , Aryan Amar , Gupta Rahul , Dutta Anirban , Misra Kuntal 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACTWe investigate the observational properties of a hydrogen-deficient superluminous supernova (SLSN) SN 2020ank (at z = 0.2485), with the help of early phase observations carried out between –21 and +52 d since g-band maximum. Photometrically, SN 2020ank is one of the brightest SLSN ($M_{\mathrm{ g,peak}}\, \sim$ –21.84 ± 0.10 mag), having fast pre-peak rising and post-peak decaying rates. The bolometric light curve of SN 2020ank exhibits a higher peak luminosity (Lmax) of ∼ (3.9 ± 0.7) × 1044 erg s−1 and appears to be symmetric around the peak with $L^{\mathrm{ rise}}_{\mathrm{ max}}$/e ${\approx}L^{\mathrm{ fall}}_{\mathrm{ max}}$/e ≈ 15 d. The semi-analytical light-curve modelling using the minim code suggests a spin-down millisecond magnetar with $P_i\, \sim$ 2.2 ± 0.5 ms and $B\, \sim$ (2.9 ± 0.1) $\times \, 10^{14}$ G as a possible powering source for SN 2020ank. The possible magnetar origin and excess ultraviolet flux at early epochs indicate a central-engine based powering source for SN 2020ank. Near-peak spectra of SN 2020ank are enriched with the W-shaped O ii features but with the weaker signatures of C ii and Fe iii. Using the estimated rise time of ∼ 27.9 d and the photospheric velocity of ∼ 12 050 km s−1, we constrain the ejecta mass to ∼ 7.2 M⊙ and the kinetic energy of ∼6.3 × 1051 erg. The near-peak spectrum of SN 2020ank exhibits a close spectral resemblance with that of fast-evolving SN 2010gx. The absorption features of SN 2020ank are blueshifted compared to Gaia16apd, suggesting a higher expansion velocity. The spectral similarity with SN 2010gx and comparatively faster spectral evolution than PTF12dam (a slow-evolving SLSN) indicate the fast-evolving behaviour of SN 2020ank.
Chemo-kinematics of the Gaia RR Lyrae: the halo and the disc
Authors: Iorio Giuliano , Belokurov Vasily 
Published: January 2021

ABSTRACT
We present the results of a multicomponent kinematic model of a large sample of RR Lyrae detected by Gaia. By imposing a fourfold symmetry and employing Gaia proper motions, we are able to infer the behaviour of the velocity ellipsoid between ≈3 and ≈30 kpc from the centre of the Galaxy. We detect the presence of two distinct components: a dominant non-rotating halo-like population and a much smaller rotating disc-like population. We demonstrate that the halo RR Lyrae can be described as a superposition of an isotropic and radially biased parts. The radially biased portion of the halo is characterized by a high orbital anisotropy β ≈ 0.9 and contributes between 50 per cent and 80 per cent of the halo RR Lyrae at 5 &lt; R(kpc)&lt;25. In line with previous studies, we interpret this high-β component as the debris cloud of the ancient massive merger also known as the Gaia Sausage (GS) whose orbital extrema we constrain. The light-curve properties of the RR Lyrae support the kinematic decomposition: the GS stars are more metal-rich and boast higher fractions of Oosterhoff Type 1 and high-amplitude short period (HASP) variables compared to the isotropic halo component. The metallicity/HASP maps reveal that the inner 10 kpc of the halo is likely inhabited by the RR Lyrae born in situ. The mean azimuthal speed and the velocity dispersion of the disc RR Lyrae out to R ≈ 30 kpc are consistent with the behaviour of a young and metal-rich thin disc stellar population.
Effectiveness and Safety of Biodegradable Calcium Sulfate Antibiotic Beads as Adjuvant Therapy in Vascular Graft Infections
Authors: Doub James B , Bork Jacqueline T , Heil Emily , Stafford Kristen , Banoub Mary , Karwowski John K , Toursavadkohi Shahab 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This is a retrospective cohort study evaluating the safety and effectiveness of biodegradable calcium sulfate antibiotic beads in vascular graft infections compared with standard of care. No differences in acute kidney injury or hypercalcemia were observed between the cohorts. Recurrence of infection did not occur in the 13-patient bead cohort compared with 14 patients who had recurrence in the 45-patient nonbead cohort with a number needed to treat of 4.0.
Concomitant Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C With Direct-Acting Antivirals and Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Is Effective and Safe
Authors: Melikyan Nara , Huerga Helena , Atshemyan Hakob , Kirakosyan Ohanna , Sargsyants Narina , Aydinyan Tsovinar , Saribekyan Nora , Khachatryan Naira , Oganezova Izabella , Falcao Joana , Balkan Suna , Hewison Cathy 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
We assessed effectiveness and safety of concomitant chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Of 322 MDR-TB patients (19.4% HCV), 30 were treated concomitantly (23.3% human immunodeficiency virus-positive). Overall, 76.7% achieved HCV treatment success (95.8% among tested). One patient (3.3%) experienced a serious adverse event.
Hypomorphic mutations in human DNA ligase IV lead to compromised DNA binding efficiency, hydrophobicity and thermal stability
Authors: Maddi Eswar Reddy , Raghavan Sathees C , Natesh Ramanathan 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Studies have shown that Lig4 syndrome mutations in DNA ligase IV (LigIV) are compromised in its function with residual level of double strand break ligation activity in vivo. It was speculated that Lig4 syndrome mutations adversely affect protein folding and stability. Though there are crystal structures of LigIV, there are no reports of crystal structures of Lig4 syndrome mutants and their biophysical characterization to date. Here, we have examined the conformational states, thermal stability, hydrophobicity and DNA binding efficiency of human DNA LigIV wild type and its hypomorphic mutants by far-UV circular dichroism, tyrosine and tryptophan fluorescence, and 1-anilino-8-naphthalene-sulfonate binding, dynamic light scattering, size exclusion chromatography, multi-angle light scattering and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. We show here that LigIV hypomorphic mutants have reduced DNA-binding efficiency, a shift in secondary structure content from the helical to random coil, marginal reduction in their thermal stability and increased hydrophobicity as compared to the wild-type LigIV.
Are we meeting the needs of vulnerable children? Distribution of speech-language pathology services on the Gold Coast, Australia
Authors: Conway M , Krahe M A , Weir K A , Reilly S 
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Background
Compared to national averages, the Gold Coast, Australia, has a proportionately higher number of children entering their first year of primary school with ‘at risk’ or ‘vulnerable’ language skills. This paper investigates the distribution of paediatric speech-language pathology (SLP) services on the Gold Coast, relative to children’s language and cognitive skills, and socioeconomic status (SES).

Methods
SLP service locations were identified through national association data and a manual search and mapped against SES and Australian Early Development Census data, for language and cognitive skills.

Results
Data for 7595 children was included, with 943 (12.4%) at risk and 780 (12.6%) vulnerable for language and cognitive skills. A total of 75 SLPs were identified (85.3% private, 14.6% public), which is 1 SLP to every 23 children who might have current or impending speech, language and communication needs. Fewer services were available in areas where vulnerable children were located and most were private providers, leading to further potential barriers to service access.

Conclusions
The number of SLP services located on the Gold Coast is inadequate to meet the needs of children with language and cognitive skill vulnerabilities. Consideration of how services might be distributed is explored and warrants further consideration.
INDOOR RADON CONCENTRATION AND ANNUAL EFFECTIVE DOSE IN 56 RADIATION AREAS AT 34 MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS IN SOUTH KOREA
Authors: Ji YoungSeok , Kim DongJin , Shin EunYoung , Dae ChanMin , Lee BaeWon 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
This study aims to measure the indoor radon concentration (IRC) of 56 radiation areas at 34 medical institutions to assess their adequacy as required by the South Korean Ministry of Environment and international standards, and calculate the annual effective dose (AED) of individuals in radiation-related professions at each medical institution. The study was conducted for 9 months and the AED was calculated according to the South Korean Nuclear Safety and Security Commission’s equation. The environmental factors that can affect IRC were analyzed by medical institution, floor level, province and ventilation system. The IRC of eight radiation areas exceeded the recommendation of the International Commission on Radiological Protection, with max-AED and min-AED showing a difference of 1.42 mSv/y. Therefore, all radiation areas that exceed the recommended limits must set up preventative measures to minimize exposure. Furthermore, a systematic management plan involving the issuance of radon test reports is required.