bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cell surface GRP78 signaling: An emerging role as a transcriptional modulator in cancer
Authors: Gopal Udhayakumar , Pizzo Salvatore V. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCancer cells acquire dysregulated gene expression to establish specific transcriptional dependencies and their underlying mechanisms that are ultimately responsible for this addictions have not been fully elucidated. Glucose‐regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a stress‐inducible, multifunctional, prosurvival, endoplasmic reticulum chaperone in the heat shock protein 70 family. Expression of cell surface GRP78 (CS‐GRP78) is associated with increased malignant behavior and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy by endowing various cancer cells with increased proliferative ability, altered metabolism, improved survival, and augmented invasive and metastatic potential. Emerging evidence has highlighted an unusual role of CS‐GRP78 in regulating transcription factors (TFs) by mediating various signaling pathways involved in malignant transformation, metabolic reprogramming, and tumor progression. During the last decade, we targeted CS‐GRP78 with C38 monoclonal antibody (C38 Mab) in numerous studies, which have highlighted the epigenetic interplay between CS‐GRP78 and various TFs including c‐MYC, Yes‐associated protein/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ‐binding motif, c‐Fos, and histone acetylation to potentiate subsequent modulation of tumorigenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge about the role of CS‐GRP78 in cancer development and progression, including epigenetic regulation and sheds light on CS‐GRP78 as vulnerable target for cancer therapy. Overall, this review focuses on the mechanisms of TFs that are behind the transcriptional dysregulation in cancer and lays the groundwork for rational therapeutic use of C38 Mab based on CS‐GRP78 biology.
Mechanisms for sulfide‐induced nitrobenzene reduction mediated by a variety of different carbonaceous materials: Graphitized carbon‐facilitated electron transfer versus quinone‐facilitated formation of reactive sulfur species
Authors: Wei Chenhui , Yin Shujun , Zhu Dongqiang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAlthough it has long been known that carbonaceous materials (CMs) can facilitate the reduction of organic contaminants by sulfide, the underlying mechanisms and controlling factors, particularly the surface property dependence, are not well understood. Here, sulfide‐induced nitrobenzene reduction was explored as a model reaction to compare the mediation efficiency of a variety of CMs, including rice straw−derived black carbon (R‐BC) and pine wood−derived black carbon (P‐BC), a commercial activated carbon (AC), multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MCNT), and graphite. Given the same load (250 mg L−1), the observed pseudo‐first‐order rate constant (kobs) of nitrobenzene reduction was ordered as AC > R‐BC > MCNT > P‐BC > graphite. The surface area−normalized rate constant (kSN) was ordered as R‐BC > graphite > MCNT > AC > P‐BC. Neither the kobs nor the kSN followed the order of mediator's electron conductivity (graphite > MCNT > AC > P‐BC > R‐BC). For the low‐graphitized R‐BC and P‐BC, increasing surface oxygen content by HNO3 oxidation enhanced nitrobenzene reduction, whereas decreasing the content by NaBH4 reduction impeded the reaction. Opposite trends were observed with the high‐graphitized AC, MCNT, and graphite. The quinone moieties of low‐graphitized CMs were found to facilitate nitrobenzene reduction by serving as one‐electron acceptors to generate reactive reducing sulfur species (polysulfides and polysulfide free radicals) from sulfide. In contrast, the surface oxygen groups of high‐graphitized CMs suppressed the reaction by lowering the electron conductivity. These results demonstrate that the types of CMs and their surface chemistry properties are key determinants in mediating redox transformation of organic contaminants.
Characterization and mapping of sensilla on the head appendages of noterid larvae (Coleoptera: Noteridae), and development of a preliminary biometric method for taxa delimitation
Authors: Urcola Juan I. , Benetti Cesar J. , Alarie Yves , Rodriguez Georgina , Michat Mariano C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLarvae of the burrowing water beetle family Noteridae are distributed worldwide and are often abundant in a broad range of aquatic habitats, playing an important role in structuring freshwater communities, yet they have remained among the most poorly studied groups of aquatic beetles. Studies on sensillar equipment of aquatic insect larvae are largely lacking, despite their potential use in phylogeny and biometric identification methods. In this article, the external morphology and distribution of sensilla on the head appendages of first instar larvae of selected genera of Noteridae were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Seven main types were distinguished based on their morphological structure: basiconica (3 subtypes), campaniformia (2 subtypes), chaetica (7 subtypes), coeloconica (6 subtypes), coniform complex (2 subtypes), placodea, and styloconica (3 subtypes). The apex of the labial palpus was found to be the most variable and informative region in regard to the number, relative position, and topology of sensilla. Fingerprint models were, therefore, generated for this region in each of the studied genera, allowing their identification.
Appendage regeneration in anamniotes utilizes genes active during larval‐metamorphic stages that have been lost or altered in amniotes: The case for studying lizard tail regeneration
Authors: Alibardi Lorenzo 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis review elaborates the idea that organ regeneration derives from specific evolutionary histories of vertebrates. Regenerative ability depends on genomic regulation of genes specific to the life‐cycles that have differentially evolved in anamniotes and amniotes. In aquatic environments, where fish and amphibians live, one or multiple metamorphic transitions occur before the adult stage is reached. Each transition involves the destruction and remodeling of larval organs that are replaced with adult organs. After organ injury or loss in adult anamniotes, regeneration uses similar genes and developmental process than those operating during larval growth and metamorphosis. Therefore, the broad presence of regenerative capability across anamniotes is possible because generating new organs is included in their life history at metamorphic stages. Soft hyaluronate‐rich regenerative blastemas grow in submersed or in hydrated environments, that is, essential conditions for regeneration, like during development. In adult anamniotes, the ability to regenerate different organs decreases in comparison to larval stages and becomes limited during aging. Comparisons of genes activated during metamorphosis and regeneration in anamniotes identify key genes unique to these processes, and include thyroid, wnt and non‐coding RNAs developmental pathways. In the terrestrial environment, some genes or developmental pathways for metamorphic transitions were lost during amniote evolution, determining loss of regeneration. Among amniotes, the formation of soft and hydrated blastemas only occurs in lizards, a morphogenetic process that evolved favoring their survival through tail autotomy, leading to a massive although imperfect regeneration of the tail. Deciphering genes activity during lizard tail regeneration would address future attempts to recreate in other amniotes regenerative blastemas that grow into variably completed organs.
Multiparametric‐MRI‐Based Radiomics Model for Differentiating Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma From Glioblastoma: Development and Cross‐Vendor Validation
Authors: Xia Wei , Hu Bin , Li Haiqing , Geng Chen , Wu Qiuwen , Yang Liqin , Yin Bo , Gao Xin , Li Yuxin , Geng Daoying 
Published: August 2020

BackgroundPreoperative differentiation of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) from glioblastoma (GBM) is important to guide neurosurgical decision‐making.PurposeTo validate the generalization ability of radiomics models based on multiparametric‐MRI (MP‐MRI) for differentiating PCNSL from GBM.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationIn all, 240 patients with GBM (n = 129) or PCNSL (n = 111).Field Strength/Sequence3.0T scanners (two vendors). Sequences: fluid‐attenuation inversion recovery, diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), and contrast‐enhanced T1‐weighted imaging (CE‐T1WI). Apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were derived from DWI.AssessmentCross‐vendor and mixed‐vendor validation were conducted. In cross‐vendor validation, the training set was 149 patients' data from vendor 1, and test set was 91 patients' data from vendor 2. In mixed‐vendor validation, a training set was 80% of data from both vendors, and the test set remained at 20% of data. Single and multisequence radiomics models were built. The diagnoses by radiologists with 5, 10, and 20 years' experience were obtained. The integrated models were built combining the diagnoses by the best‐performing radiomics model and each radiologist. Model performance was validated in the test set using area under the ROC curve (AUC). Histological results were used as the reference standard.Statistical TestsDeLong test: differences between AUCs. U‐test: differences of numerical variables. Fisher's exact test: differences of categorical variables.ResultsIn cross‐vendor and mixed‐vendor validation, the combination of CE‐T1WI and ADC produced the best‐performing radiomics model, with AUC of 0.943 vs. 0.935, P = 0.854. The integrated models had higher AUCs than radiologists, with 5 (0.975 vs. 0.891, P = 0.002 and 0.995 vs. 0.885, P = 0.007), 10 (0.975 vs. 0.913, P = 0.029 and 0.995 vs. 0.900, P = 0.030), and 20 (0.975 vs. 0.945, P = 0.179 and 0.995 vs. 0.923, P = 0.046) years' experiences.Data ConclusionRadiomics for differentiating PCNSL from GBM was generalizable. The model combining MP‐MRI and radiologists' diagnoses had superior performance compared to the radiologists alone.Level of Evidence4Technical Efficacy Stage2
Best Practices for Approaching Cognitive Processing Therapy and Prolonged Exposure During the COVID‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Hagerty Sarah L. , Wielgosz Joseph , Kraemer Jaclyn , Nguyen Hong V. , Loew Dorene , Kaysen Debra 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic presents major challenges for mental health care providers. In particular, providers who treat posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are now tasked with determining whether to initiate trauma‐focused therapy during the pandemic and, if so, whether and how to adapt treatment. The purpose of this communication is to identify and organize key considerations for whether and how to deliver commonly used evidence‐supported therapy protocols for trauma treatment—specifically, cognitive processing therapy (CPT) and prolonged exposure (PE) therapy—during the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic for adults who currently meet the criteria for PTSD. Based on relevant public health and clinical literature, we present a structured guide that can be used by treatment teams and individual providers to evaluate whether initiating CPT or PE is indicated given a particular patient–provider pair and system context amidst pandemic conditions. In addition, we suggest appropriate action steps, including problem‐solving strategies, evidence‐informed modifications to CPT and PE, and alternative intervention approaches.
Grading Bleomycin‐Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in ex vivo Mouse Lungs Using Ultrasound Image Analysis
Authors: Zhou Boran , Shao Juntao , Schaefbauer Kyle J. , Egan Ashley M. , Carmona Eva M. , Limper Andrew H. , Zhang Xiaoming 
Published: August 2020

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis on ex vivo mouse lungs using ultrasound image grading and texture analysis.MethodsExcised mouse lungs were divided into 3 groups: control, mild fibrosis, and severe fibrosis based on the monitored indicators of health. B‐mode ultrasound images were obtained via scanning the mouse lungs ex vivo. The surface smoothness, echo density, and angle of lesions or the lung margin were graded, and the imaging contrast, correlation, homogeneity, and entropy were assessed via texture analysis.ResultsThe grades of surface smoothness, echo density, and angle were statistically higher for the severe fibrosis group compared with those of the control and mild fibrosis groups (P < .05). In addition, statistically significant differences in the contrast, correlation, and homogeneity between mild and severe fibrosis groups were observed (P < .05).ConclusionsThe results obtained in this study suggest that ultrasound image grading and texture analysis are valuable and meaningful methods for assessing pulmonary fibrosis in a bleomycin mouse model.
The Benefit of Primary Tumor Surgical Resection in Distant Metastatic Carcinomas of the Thyroid
Authors: Elsamna Samer T. , Suri Pooja , Mir Ghayoour S. , Roden Dylan F. , Paskhover Boris 
Published: August 2020

Objectives/HypothesisThyroid cancer with distant metastasis (TCDM) at diagnosis has significantly worse survival rates when compared to localized/regional thyroid cancer. This study sought to report on the characteristics of patients presenting with TCDM and the potential survival advantage of surgical resection.Study DesignData were acquired from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database with cases from 2004 to 2015.MethodsTCDM cases (n = 2,558) were identified from the SEER database. The Bonferroni correction was applied for multivariate analysis. Kaplan‐Meier analysis was utilized to obtain disease‐specific survival (DSS) rates. Cox regression analysis was utilized to identify independent factors significantly associated with survival.ResultsThe average age of diagnosis of TCDM was 62.0 (±17.5) years. Patients were predominantly white (74.6%), female (54.6%), in a relationship (56.0%), and between ages 36 and 80 years (76.4%). Cases consisted of papillary (57.2%), follicular (16.0%), medullary (8.9%), anaplastic (17.9%) TCDM histological variants. Overall 1‐, 5‐, and 10‐year DSS rates were 72.0%, 56.8%, and 43.8%, respectively. Anaplastic and medullary variants had the worst 10‐year DSS (0% and 25.5%, respectively). Patients who underwent surgical resection only and surgical resection with radiation were 49% and 59% less likely to die, respectively. Treatment, age, histology, T staging, relationship status, and metastasis site were determined to be significant predictors of survival.ConclusionsSurgical resection with radiation was found to be a significant predictor of survival after applying the Bonferroni correction for all thyroid cancer variants except medullary. To increase survival, surgical intervention should be recommended in patients who are deemed to be medically tolerant of surgery.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:1026–1034, 2021
Environmental DNA identifies marine macrophyte contributions to Blue Carbon sediments
Authors: Ortega Alejandra , Geraldi Nathan R. , Duarte Carlos M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEstimation of marine macrophyte contribution to coastal sediments is key to understand carbon sequestration dynamics. Nevertheless, identification of macrophyte carbon is challenging. We propose environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding as a new approach for identification of sediment contributors, and compared this approach against stable isotopes—the traditional approach. eDNA metabarcoding allowed high‐resolution identification of 48 macroalgae, seagrasses, and mangroves from coastal habitats. The relative eDNA contributions of macrophytes were similar to their contributions of organic carbon based on stable isotopes; however, isotopes were unreliable for taxonomical discrimination among macrophyte sources. Additionally, we experimentally found that eDNA abundance in the sediment correlates with both the DNA (84%, R2 = 0.71, p = 0.001) and the organic carbon content (76%, R2 = 0.58, p = 0.006) per macrophyte lineage. These results demonstrate the unparallel resolution of eDNA as a method for estimation of the organic carbon contribution of marine macrophytes to blue carbon stocks.
2‐hydroxyethilammonium oleate protic ionic liquid as corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in neutral medium
Authors: Ortega Vega Maria R. , Mattedi Silvana , Schroeder Roberto M. , de Fraga Malfatti Célia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractProtic ionic liquid (PIL) 2‐hydroxyethylammonium oleate (2HEAOl) proved to be a good lubricant for aluminum‐forming processes. However, with the aim of keeping the formed component integrity, it is interesting that the same substance employed during forming does not need to be removed and works out as corrosion inhibitor. Then, the aim of this study was to test the performance of 2HEAOl as corrosion inhibitor for aluminum in neutral 0.5 mol/L NaCl medium by electrochemical characterization. Results showed that the concentration of 5 × 10−4 mol/L was a suitable concentration to promote corrosion inhibition until 72 h at the high chloride concentration studied. The PIL worked out as mixed‐type organic corrosion inhibitor, as it promoted the diminution of the oxygen reduction reaction rate and, in consequence, the pit initiation by its adsorption on the metal surface.
Influence of pickling time on electroless Ni–P coating on magnesium alloy
Authors: Yuan Jing , Li Pei , Yuan Rui , Mao Duolu , Zhao Suqin , Feng Tao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, a simple pickling process in H3PO4 and NH4HF2 solution was used for electroless Ni–P plating on AZ61 magnesium alloy. It is found that the corrosion rate of magnesium alloy during pickling significantly decreased because NH4HF2 was added into H3PO4 pickling solution. Ni–P coating plated only with pickling process shows poor adhesion because of the low F/O ratio of the substrate surface. However, F/O ratio, adhesion, and corrosion resistance of Ni–P coating are obviously enhanced after pickling followed by activation. The optimal pretreatment process is pickling for 120 s and activation for 4 min, under which the Ni–P coating has an optimum F/O ratio of 1.8 and the coating gets a dense structure, better adhesion, and higher corrosion resistance.
On a transmission problem for equation and dynamic boundary condition of Cahn–Hilliard type with nonsmooth potentials
Authors: Colli Pierluigi , Fukao Takeshi , Wu Hao 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper is concerned with well‐posedness of the Cahn–Hilliard equation subject to a class of new dynamic boundary conditions. The system was recently derived in Liu–Wu (Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 233 (2019), 167–247) via an energetic variational approach and it naturally fulfils three physical constraints such as mass conservation, energy dissipation and force balance. The target problem examined in this paper can be viewed as a transmission problem that consists of Cahn–Hilliard type equations both in the bulk and on the boundary. In our approach, we are able to deal with a general class of potentials with double‐well structure, including the physically relevant logarithmic potential and the non‐smooth double‐obstacle potential. Existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence of global weak solutions are established. The proof is based on a novel time‐discretization scheme for the approximation of the continuous problem. Besides, a regularity result is shown with the aim of obtaining a strong solution to the system.
Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Upper Limb Dystonia
Authors: Norris Scott A. , Jinnah Hyder A. , Klein Christine , Jankovic Joseph , Berman Brian D. , Roze Emmanuel , Mahajan Abhimanyu , Espay Alberto J. , Murthy Avinash V. , Fung Victor S.C. , LeDoux Mark S. , Chang Florence C.F. , Vidailhet Marie , Testa Claudia , Barbano Richard , Malaty Irene A. , Bäumer Tobias , Loens Sebastian , Wright Laura J. , Perlmutter Joel S. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTBackgroundKnowledge of characteristics in upper limb dystonia remains limited, derived primarily from small, single‐site studies.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to characterize demographic and clinical characteristics of upper limb dystonia from the Dystonia Coalition data set, a large, international, multicenter resource.MethodsWe evaluated clinical and demographic characteristics of 367 participants with upper limb dystonia from onset, comparing across subcategories of focal (with and without dystonia spread) versus nonfocal onset.ResultsFocal onset occurred in 80%; 67% remained focal without spread. Task specificity was most frequent in this subgroup, most often writer's cramp and affecting the dominant limb (83%). Focal onset with spread was more frequent in young onset (<21 years). Focal onset occurred equally in women and men; nonfocal onset affected women disproportionately.ConclusionsUpper limb dystonia distribution, focality, and task specificity relate to onset age and likelihood of regional spread. Observations may inform clinical counseling and design, execution, and interpretation of future studies. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
COVID‐19 drug repurposing: A review of computational screening methods, clinical trials, and protein interaction assays
Authors: Wang Xueqing , Guan Yuanfang 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe situation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic is rapidly evolving, and medical researchers around the globe are dedicated to finding cures for the disease. Drug repurposing, as an efficient way for drug development, has received a lot of attention. However, the huge amount of studies makes it challenging to keep up to date with the literature on COVID‐19 therapeutic development. This review addresses this challenge by grouping the COVID‐19 drug repurposing research into three large groups, including clinical trials, computational research, and in vitro protein‐binding experiments. Particularly, to facilitate future drug discovery and the creation of effective drug combinations, drugs are organized by their mechanisms of action and reviewed by their efficacy measured by clinical trials. Providing this subtyping information, we hope this review would serve the scientists, clinicians, and the pharmaceutical industry who are looking at the new therapeutics for COVID‐19 treatment.
A compactMIMO DRAwith simultaneous frequency and isolation reconfiguration
Authors: Aqeel Sajid , Khan Shehryar , Khan Aftab Ahmad , Owais Owais , Saleem Jawad , Qureshi Muhammad Bilal 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe frequency and an isolation reconfigurable multiple input multiple output (MIMO) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is presented in this communication. The design employs a low‐profile rectangular DR element with ground plane having cross shape slots. The slots resonance is effectively combined with the DR‐resonance for size miniaturization. Moreover, the slot responds as defected ground structure (DGS) for the DR element upon placement of PIN diodes. Switching amalgam of diodes results in frequency, isolation reconfigurability and resonates the structure in three distinct configurations covering PCS 1900 MHz, Wimax 2.3 GHz, and LTE 2500‐2700 MHz bands. A thorough parametric study was performed to study the effects of cross shape DGS on the antenna parameters. The prototype of the proposed MIMO antenna is fabricated and results were measured to certify the simulated results. Few parameters of MIMO such like diversity gain (DG), envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), and mean effective gain (MEG) are provided to verify the MIMO performance.