bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Up-regulated Expression and Related Gene Regulatory Networks of ANLN Predict Poor Prognosis and Correlate with Immune Infiltration in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Hu Bo , Yang Xiao-Bo , Sang Xinting 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: The aberrant Anillin (ANLN) expression is reported to be associated with carcinogenesis. In this study, sequencing data collected from the Cancer Genome Atlas database were utilized to analyze ANLN expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods: The relationships of clinicopathological features with ANLN were investigated, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to reveal the ANLN-related functions. LinkedOmics was employed to identify the co-expressed genes of ANLN and to examine the target networks of kinases, microRNAs (miRNAs) and transcription factors (TFs). Besides, the correlation of ANLN expression with cancer immune infiltrates was analyzed by TIMER. Results: ANLN over-expression predicted dismal prognosis, and GESA results revealed several functions that were related to cell cycle and mRNA binding. Moreover, functional network analysis indicated that, ANLN might regulate DNA replication and cell cycle signaling through pathways that involved several cancer-related kinases, miRNAs and E2F1. Additionally, ANLN was suggested to be associated with the infiltration of several immune cells, which was proved to be upregulated in both HCC cells and tissues. Conclusion: Those efficiently mined data reveal information regarding ANLN expression, the potential regulatory networks and the relationship with immune infiltration in HCC, which lay a foundation for further study on the role of ANLN in carcinogenesis.
Circulating microRNA-762 upregulates colorectal cancer might through Wnt-1/β-catenin signaling
Authors: Lai Peng-Sheng , Chang Wei-Min , Chen Ying-Yin , Lin Yi-Feng , Liao Hui-Fen , Chen Chung-Yu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background

A number of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to be correlated with the diagnosis, progression and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the key miRNAs and the associated signaling pathways that regulate the growth and metastasis of CRC remain unclear.
Methods

miRNA array was analyzed in CRC CT26 cell-transplanted BALB/c mice. The effects of miR-762 mimics and inhibitors on the growth, invasion, cell cycle, and regulatory pathways of CRC CT26 cells were assessed. Cell cycle and sub-G1 assay were collected from the treated CT26 cells. Finally, blood samples were collected from patients with CRC. Further analysis to compare miR-762 levels in blood samples collected from CRC patients and normal control donors. Patients’ basic data were retrieved from electronic medical records and analyzed for age, gender, tumor staging, and survival.
Results

The miRNA levels in mice with CRC cell implantation indicated that plasma mmu-miR-762 was upregulated. Transfection of mmu-miR-762 mimic to CT26 cells increased cell viability, invasion, and EMT, whereas transfection of mmu-miR-762 inhibitor decreased the above abilities. Cells treated with high-concentration mmu-miR-762 inhibitor induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. However, mmu-miR-762 did not cause apoptosis of cells. Western blot analysis showed that mmu-miR-762 mimic transfection upregulated the expression of Wnt-1 and β-catenin, as well as increased the nuclear translocation of β-catenin. Further analysis was performed to demonstrate the correlation of has-miR-762 with CRC, and blood samples were collected from CRC patients and control donors. The results showed that serum has-miR-762 levels in CRC patients were higher than in control donors. Among the CRC patients, patients with distant metastasis showed higher serum has-miR-762 levels than patients without distant metastasis.
Conclusions

The present study demonstrated that circulating miR-762 might be a biomarker with upregulation of CRC cell growth and invasion through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Tespa1 negatively modulates asthmatic attack is associated with IL-4/STAT-6 pathway of mast cell
Authors: Yang Ruhui , Wang Guangli , Li Lingyun , He Hanjiang , Zheng Mingzhu , Lu Linrong , Wu Songquan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background Thymocyte-expressed, positive selection-associated 1 (Tespa1) is a critical signaling molecule in thymocyte development. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effect of Tespa1 on mast cells in the pathogenesis of asthma and its relationship with the interleukin (IL)-4 /signal transducers and activators of transcription 6 (STAT6) signaling pathway. Methods Tespa1 mRNA expression analysis and IgE levels were carried out using the induced sputum of 33 adults with stable asthma and 36 healthy controls. Tespa1- knockout mice ( Tespa1 -/- , KO) and C57BL/6 background (wild-type, WT) mice were sensitized and treated with ovalbumin (OVA) to establish an asthma model. Pathological changes, number and activity of mast cells, and changes in activity of the IL-4 /STAT-6 pathway in lung tissue were detected. The changes of enzyme activity and STAT6 activity after mast cell gene knockout were analyzed in vitro . The changes of enzyme activity and STAT6 activity after mast cell gene knockout were analyzed in vitro . The association between the Tespa1 and P-STAT6 was analyzed by immunoprecipitation method. Results Compared with the healthy controls, Tespa1 expression was decreased, and IgE levels were elevated in the sputum of asthmatic patients. Animal experiments showed that Tespa1 -/- mice exhibited more severe inflammation, higher quantity of goblet cells and mast cells in the bronchium, and greater activity of mast cell tryptase, which is induced by ovalbumin, than WT mice. And IL-4, IL-13, phospho-Janus kinase 1, and P-STAT6 expressions presented a higher increase in the Tespa1 -/- mouse model than in the WT mouse model. Further in vitro studies confirmed that IL-4 could more significantly promote tryptase and P-STAT6 activities in Tespa1 -/- mast cells than their WT counterparts. Correlation analysis results showed a negative correlation between Tespa1 and P-STAT6. Immunoprecipitation results showed a direct link between Tespa1 and P-STAT6. Conclusions Altogether, our results indicate that Tespa1 can negatively regulate mast cell activity, and this event is related to the mast cell IL-4/STAT6 signaling pathway and could be therapeutically exploited to treat asthma attacks.
Evaluation of Larvicidal Activities of Parthenium Hysterophorus L. Against Anopheles Arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae), the Major Malaria Vector in Ethiopia
Authors: Tarekegn Mihretu Nigatu , Wolde-hawariat Yitbarek , Dugassa Sisay , Tekie Habte 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Malaria is a leading public health problem in Ethiopia despite the implementation of effective indoor vector control strategies over several decades. Vector control operations in the country largely depend on the application of Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) of synthetic insecticides and Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) which resulted in a significant reduction in the malaria burden. The spread of resistance to insecticides in these indoor vector control tools in vector species is a serious challenge. Alternatively, reports indicate that botanicals which are relatively safe possess toxic compounds with high larvicidal activities. However, there are limited evidences on the larvicidal effect of botanicals against the malaria vectors, Anopheles arabiensis . This study aimed to evaluate the larvicidal activities of the extracts of the roots, stems, and leaves of Parthenium hysterophorus against the 4 th instar larvae of An. arabiensis . Methods: Field collected leaves, stems and root parts of P. hysterophorus were dried and separately ground to powder and extracted in petroleum ether, hexane, acetone, and ethanol solvents. The extracts were concentrated using a Rota evaporator, and stock solutions were subject to serial dilutions for use as test concentrations. Laboratory reared 4 th instar larvae of An. arabiensis were used for the larvicidal bioassays. Mortality data were subjected probit analysis to determine LC 50 and LC 90 of the extracts. Results: The results showed that there were significant differences in percentage larval mortalities (P<0.05) among different concentrations of the leaf, stem, and root solvent extracts, respectively. Hexane extracts of leaves and stem of P. hysterophorus at 480ppm caused the highest mortality of 4 th larval instar of An. arabiensis (85% and 96.7%, respectively) compared to those of ethanolic, acetone, and petroleum ether extracts of these plant parts. Petroleum ether extracts of the root of P. hysterophorus were the most effective in causing very high larval mortality at 360ppm and 480ppm (98.3%). The LC 50 value of petroleum ether root extract (10.7ppm) and LC 90 value of petroleum ether root extract (105.5ppm) were significantly lower than those of ethanol, acetone, and hexane root extracts, respectively. Conclusion: Petroleum ether root extract of P. hysterophorus has remarkably high larvicidal potential against 4 th instar larvae of An. arabiensis which could be exploited for malaria vector control. Further studies on the larvicidal efficacy of the extracts under field conditions and identification of the bioactive components in the root parts of this weed plant are recommended.
High-entropy (Nd0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2Y0.2Yb0.2)4Al2O9 with good high temperature stability, low thermal conductivity and anisotropic thermal expansivity
Authors: Zhao Zifan , Xiang Huimin , Chen Heng , Dai Fu-zhi , Wang Xiaohui , Peng Zhijian , Zhou Yanchun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The critical requirements for the environmental barrier coating (EBC) materials of silicon-based ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) including good tolerance to harsh environments, thermal expansion match with the interlayer mullite, good high-temperature phase stability and low thermal conductivity. Cuspidine-structured rare-earth aluminates RE4Al2O9 have been considered as candidates of EBCs for their superior mechanical and thermal properties, but the phase transition at high temperatures is a notable drawback of these materials. To suppress the phase transition and improve the phase stability, a novel cuspidine-structured rare-earth aluminate solid solution (Nd0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2Y0.2Yb0.2)4Al2O9 was designed and successfully synthesized inspired by entropy stabilization effect of high entropy ceramics. The as-synthesized (Nd0.2Sm0.2Eu0.2Y0.2Yb0.2)4Al2O9 exhibits close thermal expansion coefficient (6.96×10-6 /K at 300-1473 K) to that of mullite, good phase stability from 300 K to 1473 K, and low thermal conductivity (1.50 W·m-1·K-1 at room temperature). In addition, strong anisotropic thermal expansion has been observed compared to Y4Al2O9 and Yb4Al2O9. The mechanism for low thermal conductivity is attributed to the lattice distortion and mass difference of the constituent atoms while the anisotropic thermal expansion is due to the anisotropic chemical bonding enhanced by the large size rare earth cations.
Effects of Preservatives on Corneal Collagen Parameters Measured by Small Angle X-ray Scattering Analysis
Authors: Kelly Susyn , duPlessis Lizette , Soley John , Noble Frazer , Wells Hannah Catherine , Kelly Patrick John 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background: Collagen is a prominent structural protein in biological tissue, and little is known about the effect of preservatives, commonly used to preserve and study tissue, on collagen structures. Method: The study determined the effects of commonly used tissue preservatives on measurements of fibril diameter, fibril diameter distribution, and D-spacing of corneal collagen made using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis. Results: Compared to control sheep and cats’ corneas that were preserved frozen at -80 °C, those preserved in 5% glutaraldehyde and 10% formalin had significantly larger mean collagen fibril diameters, increased fibril diameter distribution and decreased D-spacing. Corneas preserved in Triton X had significantly increased mean collagen fibril diameters and orientation indexes with decreased fibril diameter distribution. Corneas preserved in 0.9% saline had significantly increased mean collagen fibril diameters and decreased diameter distributions. Subjectively, the corneas preserved in 5% glutaraldehyde and 10% formalin maintained their transparency but those in Triton X and 0.9% saline became opaque. Subjective morphological assessment of transmission electron microscope images of corneas supported the SAXS data. Conclusions: Workers using SAXS analysis to characterize collagen should be alerted to changes that can be introduced by common preservatives in which their samples may have been stored.
Electroacupuncture Reduces Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia Via Mediating the miR-210/SIN3A and miR-183/SIN3A Signaling Pathway
Authors: Ye Fan , Tian Shiming , Hu Huimin , Yu Zhengwen 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background The expression of SIN3A is closely correlated with EA treatment efficacy of SIA, but its underlying mechanisms remain to be further explored.Methods Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to analyze the expression of candidate miRNAs and SIN3A mRNA in a rat model of SIA. Western blot was carried out to evaluate the differential expression of SIN3A proteins under distinct circumstances. Luciferase assay was used to explore the inhibitory role of certain miRNAs in SIN3A expression. NOR test was performed to assess the memorial ability of SIA rats undergoing EA treatment. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to evaluate the expression of SIN3A in the hippocampus of SIA rats.Results Rno-miR-183-5p, rno-miR-34c-3p and rno-miR-210-3p were significantly up-regulated in SIA rats treated with EA. In addition, rno-miR-183-5p and rno-miR-210-3p exerted an inhibitory effect on SIN3A expression. EA treatment of SIA rats effectively restored the normal expression of rno-miR-183-5p, rno-miR-210-3p and SIN3A. The NOR test also confirmed the effect of EA treatment on the improvement of memory in SIA rats.Conclusion In this study, an animal model of SIA was treated with EA to investigate its therapeutic effect. Moreover, our work presented solid evidence on the regulatory pathway of miR-183/SIN3A and miR-210/SIN3A in the pathogenesis of SIA.
Mathematical Modelling of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Outbreak in India using Logistic Growth and SIR Models
Authors: Mackolil Joby , Mahanthesh Basavarajappa 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The mathematical modelling of the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in India is done by using the logistic growth model and the Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered (SIR) framework. Karnataka, Kerala and Maharashtra, three states of India, are selected based on the pattern of the disease spread and the prominence in being affected in India. The parameters of the models are estimated by utilizing real-time data. The models predict the ending of the pandemic in these states and estimate the number of people that would be affected under the prevailing conditions. The models classify the pandemic into five stages based on the nature of the infection growth rate. According to the estimates of the models it can be concluded that Kerala is in a stable situation whereas the pandemic is still growing in Karnataka and Maharashtra. The infection rate of Karnataka and Kerala are lesser than 5% and reveal a downward trend. On the other hand, the infection rate and the high predicted number of infectives in Maharashtra calls for more preventive measures to be imposed in Maharashtra to control the disease spread.
Foreign Language Requirements for Doctorate Degrees in Agronomy
Authors: Moberg E. L. , Colegrove M. L. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTQuestionnaires were sent to 59 departments offering a Ph. D. degree in Crop or Soil Science to determine their current language requirements. Fifty‐four were returned and indicated that 52% of the departments could graduate Ph.D. students who have not taken a foreign language. These departments awarded 59% of the Ph. D. degrees from 1964–65 through 1970–71. A ranking of departments according to the number of Ph. D. degrees granted showed that 16 of the first 22 can grant Ph. D.'s to persons who have not taken a foreign language.For those departments with a requirement 65% had restrictions on choice of language and 62% required foreign students to take a language.Educational Testing Service was an acceptable method of language testing in 100% of the departments, while only 27% accepted translation of an appropriate article.
A Video‐Audio Self‐Tutorial Approach to Learning
Authors: Flocker W. J. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTA Video‐Audio Self‐Tutorial course was developed to improve plant science teaching. Each week's work consisted of four parts: a 1‐hour General Assembly Session (GAS); a 3‐hour Plant‐Growing Laboratory (PGL); a 1‐hour Integrated Teach‐Back Session (ITBS); and the Video‐Audio Self‐Tutorial (VAST) learning center. The GAS was used to motivate the student, and the PGL was used both to motivate and to provide practical experience in growing plants. The most valuable part, based on student reaction, was the ITBS. The class was divided into small sections to permit closer student‐teacher contact and to give each student the opportunity to teach his colleagues. The subject matter, divided into ten 1‐week mini‐courses, was presented in the VAST learning center. The information, recorded on tapes, was interspaced with other learning activities. These consisted of reading assignments; observing sketches, diagrams, and outlines; performing experiments; collecting data; viewing slides, movies, and single‐concept film loops, and handling and observing live plant material. Data from two school terms indicate that students truly enjoyed the experience, learned more from this method than from the lecture method, and retained the knowledge longer.
Leaf Area Index and Specific Leaf Area Determinations
Authors: Wolf D. D. , Carson E. W. , Brown R. H. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTLeaf area is measured by several methods and area per unit leaf weight (specific leaf area) is calculated. Leaf area index is then calculated as the product of leaf yield and specific leaf area. Procedures and equipment needed are described. An equivalent time of 6 class hours will be required for either a college junior‐senior or graduate‐level course. Students should learn to select the most acceptable method of leaf area determination for a given species and to evaluate management systems based on leaf area index concepts.
Institutional Organization for Promoting Rapid Change in Traditional Agriculture
Authors: Murdock J. T. , Stammel J. G. , Erven B. L. , Kussow W. R. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTIn order to be effective agents of change, agricultural institutions must have relevant programs of research, teaching, and extension. In southern Brazil different agencies are responsible for each of these activities and lack of coordination has historically resulted in much duplication of effort and loss of effectiveness. The initiation of an intensive action program directed toward improvement of soil fertility and crop production has proven effective in focusing the activities of these agencies on a common activity and in achieving a high degree of interagency cooperation. The program has stimulated the rural population to make significant contributions toward the improvement of standards of living and community development.
An Integrated Extension Program for Promoting Rapid Change in Traditional Agriculture on Oxisols and Utisols in a Subtropical Climate
Authors: Beatty M. T. , Murdock J. T. , Rohweder D. A. , Freire J. R. Jardim 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTAn integrated soil recuperation program for improved crop production was instituted in southern Brazil based on results obtained in earlier research and result demonstrations. The locally oriented and directed program included intensive training in soil and crop management for local technicians, soil sampling, soil testing and fertilizer recommendations, and medium‐term credit. It led to extensive farmer adoption of new practices. The technicians provided farmers with (i) assistance in the on‐farm application of a “package” of improved practices and (ii) assistance in obtaining and using medium‐term credit to purchase lime, fertilizer, improved seeds, insecticides, etc. The participating farmers obtained yield increases that ranged from 100 to 800% for corn (Zea mays L.), soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merrill], and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and repaid loans rapidly. Within 2 years the program expanded to include 37 counties in two states. Lime used in one area increased from 10 to 20,000 tons annually within 2 years. Farmer participation increased from 13 in 1967 to 6,300 by 1969 and 14,800 by 1970. The program has been thoroughly integrated into Brazilian educational and action agencies. Principal limitations to more rapid program expansion are lack of a modern lime processing industry and lack of adequately trained technicians to provide intensive assistance to farmers.
Environment, Ecology, and Range Management Curricula
Authors: Dregne H. E. , Pettit R. D. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTAll natural scientists should be ecologically minded. If they are not, our educational system must bear part of the responsibility. More courses on ecology and environmental quality will not accomplish the goal by themselves. Practice in problem solving is needed if the ability to recognize and analyze interactions is to be developed.
Influence of a Foliar Fertilizer on Soybean Yields
Authors: Clapp J. G. , Small H. G. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTA foliar fertilizer was applied to field‐grown soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) just prior to flowering in 1967 and 1968. An application of 28 liters/ha (3 gallons/acre) of a 3.0‐7.9‐14.9 (318‐18, N‐P2O5‐K2O) had no effect on soybean yields when compared to the control. At maturity there was no observable treatment effects on plant height, number of pods per plant, and pod size.
Ethic and the affecting factors: Insights from sharia accounting students
Authors: Istiariani Irma 
Published: May 2020

<p class="IABSSS"><strong>Purpose</strong> - The purpose of this study was to explore many factors that affect the accounting students’ ethics such as intellectual, emotional and spiritual quotients.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Method </strong>- The data of this study were obtained from questionnaires. The sample consists of 90 Sharia Accounting students who studied at the FEBI UIN Walisongo. The sample was collected by purposive sampling method and it was analysed with SPSS. </p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Result</strong> - The result shows that there are three factors affecting the students’ ethics. They are intelligence, emotional and spiritual quotients. The emotional and spiritual quotients have the positive effect on students’ ethics. The intelligence quotients has a negative effect on the students’ ethics.</p><p class="IABSSS"><strong>Implication</strong> - This study suggests to improve students’ emotional and spiritual quotients for better students’ ethics quality.</p><strong>Originality</strong> - This research is the first study that researched about the ethical students in Sharia Accounting students.