bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Host Antiviral Response Suppresses Ciliogenesis and Motile Ciliary Functions in the Nasal Epithelium
Authors: Chen Qianmin , Tan Kai Sen , Liu Jing , Ong Hsiao Hui , Zhou Suizi , Huang Hongming , Chen Hailing , Ong Yew Kwang , Thong Mark , Chow Vincent T. , Qiu Qianhui , Wang De-Yun 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundRespiratory viral infections are one of the main drivers of development and exacerbation for chronic airway inflammatory diseases. Increased viral susceptibility and impaired mucociliary clearance are often associated with chronic airway inflammatory diseases and served as risk factors of exacerbations. However, the links between viral susceptibility, viral clearance, and impaired mucociliary functions are unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study is to provide the insights into the effects of improper clearance of respiratory viruses from the epithelium following infection, and their resulting persistent activation of antiviral response, on mucociliary functions.MethodsIn order to investigate the effects of persistent antiviral responses triggered by viral components from improper clearance on cilia formation and function, we established an in vitro air–liquid interface (ALI) culture of human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) and used Poly(I:C) as a surrogate of viral components to simulate their effects toward re-epithelization and mucociliary functions of the nasal epithelium following damages from a viral infection.ResultsThrough previous and current viral infection expression data, we found that respiratory viral infection of hNECs downregulated motile cilia gene expression. We then further tested the effects of antiviral response activation on the differentiation of hNECs using Poly(I:C) stimulation on differentiating human nasal epithelial stem/progenitor cells (hNESPCs). Using this model, we observed reduced ciliated cell differentiation compared to goblet cells, reduced protein and mRNA in ciliogenesis-associated markers, and increased mis-assembly and mis-localization of ciliary protein DNAH5 following treatment with 25 μg/ml Poly(I:C) in differentiating hNECs. Additionally, the cilia length and ciliary beat frequency (CBF) were also decreased, which suggest impairment of ciliary function as well.ConclusionOur results suggest that the impairments of ciliogenesis and ciliary function in hNECs may be triggered by specific expression of host antiviral response genes during re-epithelization of the nasal epithelium following viral infection. This event may in turn drive the development and exacerbation of chronic airway inflammatory diseases.
Selection of Effective Therapies Using Three-Dimensional in vitro Modeling of Chondrosarcoma
Authors: Palubeckaitė Ieva , Venneker Sanne , Briaire-de Bruijn Inge H. , van den Akker Brendy E. , Krol Augustinus D. , Gelderblom Hans , Bovée Judith V. M. G. 
Published: December 2020

Purpose:Chondrosarcomas are a group of cartilaginous malignant neoplasms characterized by the deposition of chondrogenic extracellular matrix. Surgical resection is currently the only curative treatment option, due to their high resistance to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Novel therapeutic treatment options may improve outcome. Predominantly used cell line monolayerin vitromodels lackin vivocomplexity, such as the presence of extracellular matrix, and differing oxygen access. Hence, we aimed to improve pre-clinical chondrosarcoma research by developing an alginate-based 3D cell culture model.Method:An alginate scaffold was applied to generate spheroids of three chondrosarcoma cell lines (CH2879, JJ012, SW1353). Morphological, histological and immunohistochemical assessment of the spheroids were used to characterize the chondrosarcoma model. Presto blue assay, morphological and immunohistochemical assessment were applied to assess spheroid response to a panel of chemotherapeutics and targeted therapies, which was compared to conventional 2D monolayer models. Synergistic effect of doxorubicin and ABT-737 (Bcl-2 inhibitor) was compared between monolayer and spheroid models using excess over Bliss. A 3D colony formation assay was developed for assessment of radiotherapy response.Results:Chondrosarcoma spheroids produced chondrogenic matrix and remained proliferative after 2 weeks of culture. When treated with chemotherapeutics, the spheroids were more resistant than their monolayer counterparts, in line with animal models and clinical data. Moreover, for sapanisertib (mTOR inhibitor) treatment, a recovery in chondrosarcoma growth, previously observed in mice models, was also observed using long-term treatment. Morphological assessment was useful in the case of YM-155 (survivin inhibitor) treatment where a fraction of the spheroids underwent cell death, however a large fraction remained proliferative and unaffected. Synergy was less pronounced in 3D compared to 2D. A 3D clonogenic assay confirmed increased resistance to radiotherapy in 3D chondrosarcoma spheroids.Conclusion:We demonstrate that the chondrosarcoma alginate spheroid model is more representative of chondrosarcomain vivoand should be used instead of the monolayer model for therapy testing. Improved selection atin vitrostage of therapeutic testing will increase the amount of information available for experimental design ofin vivoanimal testing and later, clinical stages. This can potentially lead to increased likelihood of approval and success at clinical trials.
Associations Between Amantadine Usage, Gait, and Cognition in PSP: A post-hoc Analysis of the Davunetide Trial
Authors: Dale Marian L. , Brumbach Barbara H. , Boxer Adam L. , Hiller Amie L. 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Amantadine anecdotally improves gait in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) but definitive data is lacking. We investigated associations between amantadine usage, gait, cognition, and activities of daily living in 310 subjects with PSP using data from the davunetide trial.Method: We compared baseline demographics, PSP Rating Scale (PSPRS), Repeat Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), and Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living (SEADL) scores between subjects taking vs. not taking amantadine using chi-square tests for categorical variables and independent sample t-tests for continuous variables. Using the general linear model (GLM), we tested whether group status predicted total PSPRS, PSPRS-gait and midline, total RBANS, RBANS-attention, and SEADL before and after the 52-weeks follow-up.Results: Subjects taking vs. not taking amantadine were similar at baseline, except subjects taking amantadine had a higher Clinical Global Impression (CGI) Score (p = 0.01). However, the CGI change score did not differ between groups at week 52 (p = 0.10). Using GLM models (controlling for covariates), we found that subjects taking vs. not taking amantadine did not significantly predict total PSPRS, PSPRS-gait and midline, total RBANS, RBANS-attention, or SEADL at baseline, week 52, or the change score between baseline and week 52.Discussion: This post-hoc analysis of the davunetide trial did not find an association between amantadine and gait or cognitive measures in PSP, but was not powered to find such a difference. Future studies should still examine amantadine for symptomatic benefit in multiple PSP subtypes.
Polarization Independent Achromatic Meta-Lens Designed for the Terahertz Domain
Authors: Gao Yufei , Gu Jianqiang , Jia Ridong , Tian Zhen , Ouyang Chunmei , Han Jiaguang , Zhang Weili 
Published: December 2020

In recent years, metasurface-based focusing elements have gradually become an indispensable type of terahertz lenses. However, the meta-lens often suffers from chromatic aberration due to the intrinsic dispersion of each element, especially in the broadband application scenarios. In this paper, we design and demonstrate a silicon-based achromatic meta-lens working from 0.6 to 1.0 THz, which is polarization insensitive because of the adopted symmetrical structures. The simulated focal length and the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the foci at different frequencies prove the achromatic behavior of our meta-lens compared with the chromatic counterpart. We also show that the focus shift incongruence of our design originates from the transmission amplitude distribution of the meta-lens. This article not only provides an achromatic planar lens working at terahertz domain but also reveals the importance of the amplitude distribution in the achromatic metasurface design.
The Generalization of Conscious Attentional Avoidance in Response to Threat Among Breast Cancer Women With Persistent Distress
Authors: Ng Danielle Wing Lam , Fielding Richard , Lam Wendy Wing Tak 
Published: December 2020

ObjectivesA sample of women with persistent distress following breast cancer (BC) previously exhibited attentional bias (AB) away from supraliminally presented cancer-or threat-related information, responses consistent with avoidance coping, and showed negative interpretation bias. Here, we attempt to characterize the nature of supraliminal AB and interpretation bias in that sample of women by comparing against healthy controls.MethodsExtending our previous work, we compared AB patterns for supraliminally presented negatively valenced words and cancer-related information (CRI) assessed by modified dot-probe tasks and negative interpretation bias assessed by an ambiguous cue task between 140 BC women previously identified as featuring low-stable or persistent high anxiety and 150 age-matched non-BC healthy controls having HADS-defined low or high anxiety (HADS-anxiety scores = 8).ResultsAttentional avoidance of non-cancer-related negatively valenced words was seen among the anxious BC group, while heightened attention toward such words was seen in anxious healthy controls, F(3, 282) = 3.97, p = 0.009. However, all anxious women in both BC and healthy groups directed attention away from CRI under supraliminal conditions. Interpretation bias scores were significantly higher in BC women with high anxiety vs. healthy controls with high anxiety, F(3, 282) = 13.26, p &lt; 0.001.ConclusionWomen with high anxiety generalized conscious attentional avoidance responses to negatively valenced stimuli, indicating a likely hypersensitivity to potential threat in ambiguous cues and exaggerated threat perception. This may cause (or reflect) maladaptive emotional regulation. Attention focus training, reducing threat salience or modifying threat appraisal, may help women alleviate anxiety levels after BC.
Nursing managers' strategies for reducing interpersonal and interprofessional conflicts in the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Malawat Krisna Yetti , Hariyati Rr.Tutik Sri , Sari Kartika Mawar 
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is a challenge for all parties and needs a fast, precise and integrated response. Nurses as the frontline are the people most at risk of contracting this disease. Changes in all aspects require that nurses can collaborate with other interprofessional teams and makes nurses vulnerable to pressure and stress that can lead to conflict. The role of nursing managers in creating a conducive work atmosphere and preventing interprofessional conflicts is needed. This study used literature reviews through the ScienceDirect online database, SAGE journals, Wiley Online Library and other sources, which aims to analyze the strategy of nurse managers in preventing interprofessional conflicts in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that providing education on the control and prevention of COVID-19 infection, supervision, improving effective communication through information technology, optimizing workflows, improving nursing standards, providing support and implementing crisis management are strategies that can be used by nurse managers. Assertiveness can be used as conflict management to prevent interprofessional conflicts in the pandemic era. Each profession can communicate positively with other interprofessional teams, accept each other and carry out professional responsibility and making decisions about COVID-19 patients.
PROCESSING OF SYNCHRONOUS PHASOR MEASUREMENTS BY FUZZY LOGIC METHODS IN THE CASE OF CYBERATTACKS ON INFORMATION-COMMUNICATION INFRASTRUCTURE OF A CYBER-PHYSICAL ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEM
Authors: Колосок И.Н. , Гурина Л.А. 
Published: December 2020

Применение интеллектуальных и цифровых технологий в системах измерения, передачи и обработки информации, являющихся частью информационно-коммуникационной инфраструктуры электроэнергетической системы (ЭЭС), направлено на повышение эффективности управления ЭЭС. Вместе с тем, при цифровизации ЭЭС отмечен рост уязвимостей к кибератакам. В связи с этим возрастает актуальность обеспечения задач управления в условиях кибератак своевременной, полной и достоверной информацией. Предложен алгоритм обработки синхронизированных векторных измерений на основе вейвлет-анализа и нечеткой логики, повышающий качество информации, используемой в дальнейшем при оценивании состояния ЭЭС.
The use of intelligent and digital technologies in systems for measuring, transmitting, and processing information, which are part of the information-communication infrastructure, is aimed at improving the efficiency of EPS management. At the same time, with the EPS digitalization, there has been a rise in vulnerabilities to cyberattacks. In this context, the urgency of providing timely, complete, and reliable data to perform control in the case of cyberattacks is increasing. We propose an algorithm to process synchronized vector measurements based on wavelet analysis and fuzzy logic, which improves the quality of information used in the state estimation of electric power systems.
BIG DATA ANALYSIS FOR INNOVATION DEVELOPMENT DECISION MAKING IN ENERGY SECTOR
Authors: Михеев А.В. 
Published: December 2020

В статье рассматриваются возможности применения методов анализа больших данных для принятия решений по инновационному развитию в энергетике. Выполнен библиометрический обзор научных исследований по использованию анализа больших данных для задач в сфере энергетики на основе публикаций международной базы Scopus за 2010-2020 гг. Приведены содержательные задачи мониторинга, прогнозирования и оценки перспективности технологических решений в энергетике на основе семантического анализа больших данных.
The article discusses the feasibility and possible applications of big data analysis for making decisions on innovative development in the energy sector. A bibliometric review of scientific research on the use of big data analysis for problems in the energy sector was carried out based on publications of Scopus database for 2010-2020. The substantive tasks of monitoring, forecasting and evaluating the prospects of technological solutions in the energy sector based on semantic analysis of big data are presented.
ARCHITECTURE OF THE INTELLECTUAL INFORMATION SYSTEM TO SUPPORT EXPERT DECISIONS ON STRATEGIC INNOVATIVE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Копайгородский А.Н. , Мамедов Т.Г. 
Published: December 2020

В статье рассмотрены методы построения интеллектуальной информационной системы для поддержки экспертных решений по стратегическому инновационному развитию энергетики. Обоснована необходимость применения методов анализа Больших данных (Big Data). Представлена архитектура интегрированного хранилища интеллектуальной информационной системы, основным компонентом которой является система онтологий, объединяющая данные и знания из различных источников.
The article discusses methods of building an intelligent information system to support expert decisions on strategic innovative development of the energy sector. The necessity of using Big Data analysis methods has been substantiated. Architecture of an integrated repository of an intelligent information system is presented, in which the main component is a system of ontologies on the basis of which information, data and knowledge from various sources are combined.
An Early-warning System for Electromagnetic Follow-up of Gravitational-wave Events
Authors: Sachdev Surabhi , Magee Ryan , Hanna Chad , Cannon Kipp , Singer Leo , SK Javed Rana , Mukherjee Debnandini , Caudill Sarah , Chan Chiwai , Creighton Jolien D. E. , Ewing Becca , Fong Heather , Godwin Patrick , Huxford Rachael , Kapadia Shasvath , Li Alvin K. Y. , Lok Lo Rico Ka , Meacher Duncan , Messick Cody , Mohite Siddharth R. , Nishizawa Atsushi , Ohta Hiroaki , Pace Alexander , Reza Amit , Sathyaprakash B. S. , Shikauchi Minori , Singh Divya , Tsukada Leo , Tsuna Daichi , Tsutsui Takuya , Ueno Koh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Binary neutron stars (BNSs) will spend ≃10–15 minutes in the band of Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo detectors at design sensitivity. Matched-filtering of gravitational-wave (GW) data could in principle accumulate enough signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) to identify a forthcoming event tens of seconds before the companions collide and merge. Here we report on the design and testing of an early-warning GW detection pipeline. Early-warning alerts can be produced for sources that are at low enough redshift so that a large enough S/N accumulates ∼10–60 s before merger. We find that about 7% (49%) of the total detectable BNS mergers will be detected 60 s (10 s) before the merger. About 2% of the total detectable BNS mergers will be detected before merger and localized to within 100 deg2 (90% credible interval). Coordinated observing by several wide-field telescopes could capture the event seconds before or after the merger. LIGO–Virgo detectors at design sensitivity could facilitate observing at least one event at the onset of merger.
The First Integral Field Unit Spectroscopic View of Shocked Cluster Galaxies
Authors: Stroe Andra , Hussaini Maryam , Husemann Bernd , Sobral David , Tremblay Grant 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Galaxy clusters grow by merging with other clusters, giving rise to Mpc-wide shock waves that travel at 1000–2500 km s−1 through the intracluster medium. To study the effects of merger shocks on the properties of cluster galaxies, we present the first spatially resolved spectroscopic view of five Hα-emitting galaxies located in the wake of shock fronts in the low redshift (z ∼ 0.2), massive (∼2 × 1015
M
⊙), post-core passage merging cluster, CIZA J2242.8+5301 (nicknamed the “Sausage”). Our Gemini/Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph-North integral field unit (IFU) observations, designed to capture Hα and [N ii] emission, reveal the nebular gas distribution, kinematics, and metallicities in the galaxies over >16 kpc scales. While the galaxies show evidence for rotational support, the flux and velocity maps have complex features like tails and gas outflows aligned with the merger axis of the cluster. With gradients that are incompatible with inside-out disk growth, the metallicity maps are consistent with sustained star formation (SF) throughout and outside of the galactic disks. In combination with previous results, these pilot observations provide further evidence of a likely connection between cluster mergers and SF triggering in cluster galaxies, a potentially fundamental discovery revealing the interaction of galaxies with their environment.
The Most Ordinary Formation of the Most Unusual Double Black Hole Merger
Authors: Belczynski Krzysztof 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)/Virgo Collaboration reported the detection of the most massive black hole–black hole (BH–BH) merger to date with component masses of 85M
⊙ and 66M
⊙ (GW190521). Motivated by recent observations of massive stars in the 30 Doradus cluster in the Large Magellanic Cloud (M
⋆ ≳ 200M
⊙; e.g., R136a) and employing newly estimated uncertainties on pulsational pair-instability mass loss (that allow for the possibility of forming BHs with mass up to M
BH ∼ 90M
⊙), we show that it is trivial to form such massive BH–BH mergers through the classical isolated binary evolution (with no assistance from either dynamical interactions or exotica). A binary consisting of two massive (180M
⊙ + 150M
⊙) Population II stars (metallicity: Z ≈ 0.0001) evolves through a stable Roche lobe overflow and common envelope episode. Both exposed stellar cores undergo direct core collapse and form massive BHs while avoiding pair-instability pulsation mass loss or total disruption. LIGO/Virgo observations show that the merger rate density of light BH–BH mergers (both components: M
BH < 50M
⊙) is of the order of 10–100Gpc−3yr−1, while GW190521 indicates that the rate of heavier mergers is 0.02–0.43Gpc−3yr−1. Our model (with standard assumptions about input physics), but extended to include 200M
⊙ stars and allowing for the possibility of stellar cores collapsing to 90M
⊙ BHs, produces the following rates: 63Gpc−3yr−1 for light BH–BH mergers and 0.04Gpc−3yr−1 for heavy BH–BH mergers. We do not claim that GW190521 was formed by an isolated binary, but it appears that such a possibility cannot be excluded.
Detections of Dust in the Outskirts of M31 and M33
Authors: Ruoyi Zhang , Haibo Yuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
M31 and M33 serve as ideal places to study distributions of dust in the outskirts of spiral galaxies. In this Letter, using about 0.2 million stars selected from the LAMOST data and combining precise photometry and parallaxes from the Gaia DR2, we have constructed a two-dimensional foreground dust reddening map toward the M31 and M33 region (1112 ≤ gl ≤ 1362, −365 ≤ gb ≤ −165). The map has a typical spatial resolution of about 12′ and precision of 0.01 mag. The complex structure of dust clouds toward M31 is revealed. By carefully removing the foreground extinction from the dust reddening map of Schlegel et al., we thus have obtained a residual map to study dust distributions in the outskirts of M31 and M33. A large amount of dust is detected in the M31 halo out to a distance of over 100 kpc. Dust in the M31 disk is found to extend out to about 2.5 times its optical radius, with a distribution that is consistent with either an exponential disk with a scale length of 7.2 kpc or two disks with a scale length of 11.1 kpc within its optical radius and 18.3 kpc beyond its optical radius. Dust in the disk of M33 is also found to extend out to about 2.5 times its optical radius, its distribution beyond one optical radius is consistent with an exponential disk with a scale length of 5.6 kpc. Our results provide new clues to the distributions and cycling of dust in galaxies.
Expansion and Age of the Supernova Remnant G350.1–0.3: High-velocity Iron Ejecta from a Core-collapse Event
Authors: Borkowski Kazimierz J. , Miltich William , Reynolds Stephen P. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We report Chandra observations of the highly asymmetric core-collapse supernova remnant G350.1−0.3. We document expansion over 9 yr away from the roughly stationary central compact object, with sky-plane velocities up to 5000 d
4.5 km s−1 (d
4.5 is the distance in units of 4.5 kpc), redshifts ranging from 900 to 2600 km s−1, and three-dimensional space velocities approaching 6000 km s−1. Most of the bright emission comes from heavy-element ejecta particularly strong in iron. Iron-enhanced ejecta are seen at 4000–6000 km s−1, strongly suggesting that the supernova was not a common Type IIP event. While some fainter regions have roughly solar abundances, we cannot identify clear blast-wave features. Our expansion proper motions indicate that G350.1−0.3 is no more than about 600 yr old, independent of distance: the third youngest known core-collapse supernova in the Galaxy, and one of the most asymmetric.