bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crop production kept stable and sustainable with the decrease of nitrogen rate in North China Plain: An economic and environmental assessment over 8 years
Authors: Liu Zheng , Yu Ningning , Camberato James J. , Gao Jia , Liu Peng , Zhao Bin , Zhang Jiwang 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn pursuit of maximum grain yield farmers in the North China Plain usually apply excessive N fertilizer, resulting in wasted resources and environmental pollution. To assess the economic and environmental performances of different nitrogen rates will be conductive to sustain cleaner crop production. An 8-year field experiment was carried out with four treatments, N0 (0 kg ha−1 for winter wheat and summer maize), N1 (168 kg ha−1 for winter wheat and 129 kg ha−1 for summer maize), N2 (240 kg ha−1 for winter wheat and 185 kg ha−1 for summer maize) and N3 (300 kg ha−1 for winter wheat and summer maize), on the double cropping at Dawenkou research field (36°11’N, 117°06’E), Shandong Province, China. The crop production, soil physical-chemical parameters, and greenhouse gas emission are measured and the economic and environmental performances are assessed. The optimal nitrogen rate obtained the highest grain yield of summer maize in 4 of 8 year and was equivalent to conventional N rate in the other years. The nitrogen partial factor productivity and agronomic efficiency of optimal nitrogen rate was 63% and 58% higher than that of conventional nitrogen rate. The optimal nitrogen rate effectively decreased soil bulk density and increased weight percentage of water-stable aggregate and activities of urease and invertase compared to conventional nitrogen rate, which improved soil productivity. The fertilizer nitrogen loss and global warming potential of optimal nitrogen rate reduced by 76% and 35% compared to conventional nitrogen rate. The annual greenhouse gas intensity of optimal nitrogen rate decreased by 14–35% compared to others. The net ecosystem economic budget under optimal nitrogen rate is 252–604 $ ha−1 yr.−1 higher than other addition levels. The optimal nitrogen rate produces more grains and obtains higher economic and environmental benefits.
Multiple incursion pathways for Helicoverpa armigera in Brazil show its genetic diversity spreading in a connected world
Authors: Arnemann Jonas Andre , Roxburgh Stephen , Walsh Tom , Guedes Jerson , Gordon Karl , Smagghe Guy , Tay Wee Tek 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe Old World cotton bollwormHelicoverpa armigerawas first detected in Brazil with subsequent reports from Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, and Uruguay. This pattern suggests that theH.armigeraspread across the South American continent following incursions into northern/central Brazil, however, this hypothesis has not been tested. Here we compare northern and central BrazilianH.armigeramtDNA COI haplotypes with those from southern Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay. We infer spatial genetic and gene flow patterns of this dispersive pest in the agricultural landscape of South America. We show that the spatial distribution ofH.armigeramtDNA haplotypes and its inferred gene flow patterns in the southwestern region of South America exhibited signatures inconsistent with a single incursion hypothesis. Simulations on spatial distribution patterns show that the detection of rare and/or the absence of dominant mtDNA haplotypes in southernH.armigerapopulations are inconsistent with genetic signatures observed in northern and central Brazil. Incursions ofH.armigerainto the New World are therefore likely to have involved independent events in northern/central Brazil, and southern Brazil/Uruguay-Argentina-Paraguay. This study demonstrates the significant biosecurity challenges facing the South American continent, and highlights alternate pathways for introductions of alien species into the New World.
DNA Methylation Activates TP73 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Gastrointestinal Cancer
Authors: Yao Zhixing , Di Poto Cristina , Mavodza Grace , Oliver Everett , Ressom Habtom W. , Sherif Zaki A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe complexity of TP73 expression and its functionality, as well as the role of TP73 in tumorigenesis, unlike its cousin TP53, which is an established tumor suppressor, have remained elusive to date. In this study, we isolated two stem cell lines (HepCY & HepCO) from normal young and old human liver tissues. We determined TP73 expression in HepCY and HepCO, hepatocellular cancer (HCC) cell lines (HepG2, SNU398, SNU449 and SNU475), gastrointestinal cancer (GI) cell lines (Caco2 and HCT116) and normal skin fibroblasts cell line (HS27). Immunohistochemical analyses of TP73 expression was also performed in non-cancerous and adjacent cancerous liver tissues of HCC patients. The results show that TP73 expression is exclusive to the cancer cell lines and not the adjacent normal liver tissues. Moreover, methylation-specific PCR and bisulfite sequencing studies revealed that TP73 promoter is activated only in cancer cell lines by DNA methylation. Furthermore, ChIP assay results demonstrated that a chromosomal networking protein (CTCF) and tumor protein p53 (TP53) bind to TP73 promoter and regulate TP73 expression. Our observations demonstrate that a positive correlation in tumorigenesis exists between TP73 expression and DNA methylation in promoter regions of TP73. These findings may prove significant for the development of future diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
Valorization of Uncharred Dry Leaves of Ficus benjamina towards Cr (VI) removal from Water: Efficacy Influencing Factors and mechanism
Authors: Kulkarni Preeti S. , Watwe Varuna S. , Hipparge Abubakar J. , Sayyad Sana I. , Sonawane Rutika A. , Kulkarni Sunil D. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe potential of uncharred biomaterial derived from dry leaves of Ficusbenjamina (Family: Moraceae,local name: Weeping Fig) plant to remove Cr(VI) from aqueous samples was investigated. In the present work, treatment of dilute acids was used for activating the adsorption centres on the biomass instead of cumbersome charring process. The plant material was characterized using FT-IR, FE-SEM and EDX. Various influencing factors such as pH of equilibrating solution, contact time, Cr (VI) concentrations, adsorbent dose and temperature were optimized to obtain maximum sorption efficacy. The interactions among the biomaterial and Cr (VI) in water were studied by fitting the sorption data in four different adsorption isotherms. The data fitting and experimental evidences indicated formation of monolayer of Cr(VI) over the biomass surface. The process followed pseudo-second order kinetics and was thermodynamically spontaneous under laboratory conditions and reached equilibrium in 24 hours. Maximum adsorption capacity of 56.82 mg/g was obtained at the pH 2 when the concentration before adsorption was 200 mg L−1 of Cr(VI) with 24 hours of equilibration time and 2.50 g L−1 of dose of biomaterial at room temperature. The sorption efficiency was found to be better than many charred bio-based materials.
Differences in lung cancer characteristics and mortality rate between screened and non-screened cohorts
Authors: Wu Fu-Zong , Kuo Pei-Lun , Huang Yi-Luan , Tang En-Kuei , Chen Chi-Shen , Wu Ming-Ting , Lin Yun-Pei 
Published: December 2019

AbstractScreening programs for lung cancer aim to allow diagnosis at the early stage, and therefore the decline in mortality rates. Thus, the aim of this retrospective cohort study was to the comparison of screened and non-screened lung cancer in terms of lung cancer characteristics, overdiagnosis and survival rate. A retrospective study in which 2883 patients with 2883 lung cancer diagnosed according to the hospital-based lung cancer register database between 2007 and 2017. A comparison was performed in term of clinical characteristics and outcomes of lung cancer between the screened and non-screening patient groups. 2883 subjects were identified (93 screened and 2790 non-screened). Screened group patients were younger (59.91 ± 8.14 versus 67.58 ± 12.95; p < 0.0001), and were more likely to be female than non-screened group (61.3% versus 36.8%; p < 0.0001). The screened group showed significantly better outcomes in overall mortality than the non-screened group (10.75% versus 79.06%; <0.0001). In a Cox proportional hazard model, lung cancer in the screened group proved to be an independent prognostic factor in lung cancer subjects. Our findings point to the improved survival outcome in the screened group and might underline the benefit of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening program in Asian populations with the high prevalence of non–smoking-related lung cancer. Further study aimed at the LDCT mass screening program targeting at light smokers and non-smoker outside of existing screening criteria is warranted.
S2e-Leitlinie „Therapie der rheumatoiden Arthritis mit krankheitsmodifizierenden Medikamenten“ – was ist neu?
Authors: Fiehn Christoph 
Published: December 2019

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGJeder Patient mit aktiver rheumatoider Arthritis (RA) soll ein DMARD erhalten. Wie bisher ist dabei Methotrexat die Therapie der ersten Wahl. Die Therapie soll dabei zielgerichtet erfolgen (Prinzip des Treat to target). Remission, oder, wenn diese nicht zu erreichen ist, zumindest die niedrige Krankheitsaktivität sind die angestrebten Therapieziele. Remission ist definiert als ein Simplified Disease Activity Score (SDAI) von ≤ 3,3 oder als die Erfüllung der sogenannten Booleschen Kriterien. Eine erste Evaluation des Ansprechens ist nach 12 Wochen vorgesehen. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt sollte ein Ansprechen messbar sein, was als mindestens 50 %ige Verbesserung des Composite Score (z. B. des DAS28) definiert ist. Findet sich nach 3 Monaten kein Ansprechen oder ist nach 6 Monaten das Therapieziel nicht erreicht, soll die Therapie eskaliert werden. Abhängig von dem Vorhandensein von Risikofaktoren für einen schweren Verlauf soll entweder eine zweite DMARD-Strategie mit konventionell synthetischen DMARD (csDMARD) oder aber die Umstellung auf biologische oder targeted synthetic (b oder ts) DMARD erfolgen. Glukokortikoide werden initial gegeben, sollen aber nach 3–6 Monaten ausgeschlichen oder auf eine Dosis von max. 5 mg/d Prednisolon reduziert werden. Im weiteren Verlauf sind sowohl Wechsel innerhalb der b- und tsDMARD wie auch Deeskalation der Therapie möglich.
Homöopathie – Stand der Forschung
Authors: Behnke Jens 
Published: December 2019

SummaryOutcome-Studien belegen, dass PatientenunterHomöopathie klinisch relevante Therapieeffekteerfahren, die denjenigen inderkonventionellen Behandlung ähneln, jedochmit weniger Nebenwirkungen. PlacebokontrollierteStudien (RCTs) und derenMetaanalysendeuten auf eine spezifische Wirksamkeitpotenzierter Arzneimittel. Es mangeltaber an hochwertigen Studien undunabhängigenReplikationen. In der präklinischenForschung zur Homöopathie existieren zuviele „positive“ Befunde, um sie ohne Weiteres durch die Placebohypothese zu erklären.Ein harter naturwissenschaftlicher Nachweissteht aber bislang aus.
Topical Application of 7,3′,4′-Trihydroxyisoflavone Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis-Like Symptoms in NC/Nga Mice
Authors: Park Sang Hun , Lee Chang Hyung , Lee Ji Yun , Yang Hee , Kim Jong Hun , Park Jung Han Yoon , Kim Jong-Eun , Lee Ki Won 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAtopic dermatitis is a skin disease characterized by chronic inflammatory lesions, and new therapies are needed to address its rising prevalence. Soy isoflavone has been highlighted as a potential new cosmeceutical material that may have applications in atopic dermatitis care. We have developed a technique to attach an additional -OH group to the ortho position of -OH in the phenol ring using a special enzyme. By adding the -OH group to daidzein, 7,3′,4′-trihydroxyisoflavone can be generated for possible use as a cosmeceutical and functional food material. In this study, we sought to examine the anti-atopic effects of 7,3′,4′-trihydroxyisoflavone, an analog of daidzein. Topical application of 7,3′,4′-trihydroxyisoflavone reduced Dermatophagoides farina extract-induced atopic dermatitis symptoms in NC/Nga mice. Histological analysis demonstrated that 7,3′,4′-trihydroxyisoflavone suppressed D. farina extract-induced infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells into skin lesions. We also found that 7,3′,4′-trihydroxyisoflavone significantly reduces the D. farina extract-induced increases in serum IgE and macrophage-derived chemokine (CCL22) levels. We observed that 7,3′,4′-trihydroxyisoflavone suppresses atopic markers including macrophage-derived chemokine (CCL22) and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (CCL17) in HaCaT cells. 7,3′,4′-Trihydroxyisoflavone also reduced TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK1/2. These results highlight several desirable properties of 7,3′,4′-trihydroxyisoflavone, which support its use as a cosmeceutical ingredient for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
The role of negation in the grammaticalization of ability verbs
Authors: Wilson Brianna , Hansen Cynthia 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis paper investigates the role of negation in grammaticalization in Iquito, an endangered Zaparoan language of the Peruvian Amazon. Iquito has a verb,pajɨɨni, which has undergone two paths of grammaticalization only in negated clauses. First,pajɨɨnihas grammaticalized from “learn” to “be able to.” Subsequently, it is undergoing grammaticalization from an ability verb to a future auxiliary. Given that ability verbs are an uncommon source for future auxiliaries (Bybee et al. 1994), this study provides a detailed case study of this rare path. Our analysis of Iquito demonstrates that grammaticalization paths are not limited to affirmative contexts and may behave differently depending on the polarity of the utterance.
Why and how the nematode’s early embryogenesis can be precise and robust: a mechanical perspective
Authors: Tian Binghui , Guan Guoye , Tang Lei-Han , Tang Chao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The early embryogenesis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is well-known for its stereotypic precision of cell arrangements and their lineage relationship. Much research has been focused on how biochemical processes achieve the highly reproducible cell lineage tree. However, the origin of the robustness in the cell arrangements is poorly understood. Here, we set out to provide a mechanistic explanation of how combining mechanical forces with the order and orientation of cell division ensures a robust arrangement of cells. We used a simplified mechanical model to simulate the arrangement of cells in the face of different disturbances. As a result, we revealed three fail-safe principles for cell self-organization in early nematode embryogenesis: ordering, simultaneity, and the division orientation of cell division events. Our work provides insight into the developmental strategy and contributes to the understanding of how robust or variable the cell arrangement can be in developing embryos.
Development of Physics Learning Media Based on Self-Efficacy Use Mobile Augmented Reality for Senior High School
Authors: Nasir Muhammad , Fakhruddin Z , Prastowo Rizo Budi 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
It was found that the value of self efficacy in physics learning in high school (SMA) is still low in one school. Self-efficacy was found at the level of 48%. And this is supported by OECD data (3) which also states that the performance of Indonesian science more than 55% of students score below level 2 out of 5 levels. The development of self-efficacy media in learning physics astronomy is an effort made to improve students’ self-efficacy. Media self-efficacy is designed using mobile augmented reality which is considered capable of giving students a better learning experience so as to be able to improve student learning abilities so that students’ self-efficacy also increases. To be able to improve self-efficacy better this media must be supported by teacher assistance as a motivator to students so that the effects given are even better.
The Leaching Process of Alumina from Red Mud for Synthesis of Mesoporous Alumina
Authors: Ramdhani E P , Permana D , Wulandari F , Prasetyoko D 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Alumina was leached from red mud by hidrometalurgy method. Alumina from red mud was leached by desilication process, separation of iron oxide process, and formation of alumina salt process. Residu of each step was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray flourence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX). From X-ray diffraction result. The composition of red mud from Bintan was determined by characterization process with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray flourence (XRF) that show red mud from Bintan contains hematite (Fe2O3), gibbsite (Al(OH)3), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)), anatase (TiO2) dan quartz (SiO2). After desilication process, SiO2 on residue of red mud were collected 38.85 wt.%. From separation of iron oxide process, the residue of leaching process was Fe2O3 81.80 wt.%. The product from formation of alumina salt process was characterized by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX) that showed the leaching process of alumina from red mud had element oxygen and aluminium in its salt amounted to 64.94 wt.% and 26.40 wt.%. The product could be the source of alumina to synthesis of mesoporous alumina.
Antibacterial Activity of Red Dragon Peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Pigment
Authors: Hendra Rudi , Masdeatresa Lidya , Abdulah Rizky , Haryani Yuli 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRed dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) is a species of plant that provides natural pigment which is betalain. Betalain is a one of the pigments that gives a natural colour to flowers and fruits. Moreover, of betalain in red dragon fruit peel, there are bioactive compound such as polyphenol and flavanoid with antioxidant and antibacteria activities. This research was objected to extract pigments and others secondary metabolites from red dragon fruit peel using ethanol, methanol, dicloromethane and ethyl acetate solvents, continued with determined potential antibacteria activity using Resazurin Microtitter Assay (REMA) method. The results of antibacterial activity showed inhibition percentage against test of positive Gram bacteriaStreptococcus aureusATCC 29213 with extract ofn-haxane, ethyl acetate and pigment sequentially were 67.5, 67.0, 85.1, 83.1 % andBacillus subitilisATCC 11774 were 73.4, 98.6, 97.1, 100 % and negative Gram bacteriaEscherichia coliATCC 35218 were 70.0, 73.1, 74.2, 94. 9 % andVibrio algynolyticuswere 72.6, 73.1, 74.2, 94.9 % at final concentration of 20 μg/mL
Critical Thinking Skills of Fifth Grade Elementary School Students in Bandung City on the Topic of Water Cycle in Natural Science Subjects
Authors: Syaodih E , Kurniawati L , Handayani H , Setiawan D , Suhendra I , Hermita N 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Critical thinking skills are skills that a person needs to have. Therefore developing students’ critical thinking skills is one of the main goals in 21st century education. The purpose of this study is to describe the critical thinking skills of fifth grade elementary school students on natural science subjects on water cycle topics. The research method used in this research is a quantitative descriptive method. The participants of this study were 25 elementary school students in Bandung city. The data is collecting by tests, interviews and documentation. After the data is obtained, the test is processed and analyzed using quantitative methods. The results of interviews and documentation studies were analyzed using descriptive methods. The research results showed that the critical thinking skills of fifth grade students in the elementary school of Bandung city were in the very poor category. The average score of students’ critical thinking skills is 48.3 (very low). The interview results show that students’ critical thinking skills are low because students do not like the type of description questions and because they did not willing to write. Students, who are in the low and medium category, are having another reason, which is they do not like to learn science.
Evolutionary Study of Binary Star Beta Lyr
Authors: Putra Singgih Prana , Aprilia  
Published: December 2019

Abstract
We present the evolutionary track of Beta Lyrae (β Lyr), an interacting eclipsing binary star, with orbital rotation period of 12.94 days, with one component known as the B-emission (Be) star. The primary star is a B6-B8II of 3M⊙ and the secondary is a 13M⊙ B0.5V star. The secondary star is embedded in the accretion disc produced by the infalling matter from the primary star, and this disc is estimated as the source of the emission lines. The evolution of the β Lyr system is simulated by using MESA software with the MESAbinary programming code. We obtain that the age of the binary system is 2.7 × 107 years, mass and radius of the primary component are M1 = 3.54M⊙, R1 = 16.1R⊙, and mass and radius of the secondary component are M2 = 13.1M⊙, R2 = 6.85R⊙.
Energy Refurbishment of the General Physiology Institute at Sapienza University Campus
Authors: Pini Fabrizio , Romano Giada , Aureli Cristina 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The energy requalification of the existing building heritage is one of the pillars European Union energy policy. A large part of the building heritage was built without taking into consideration the problem of energy consumption. With the aim of energy efficiency and energy savings in electrical uses, there are wide and diversified possibilities for improvement, including interventions on the building envelope and on the systems, with the introduction, where possible, of renewable energy sources. In this context, the redevelopment of historic buildings constitutes an important challenge, which involves both historical-artistic aspects and technological aspects relating to the improvement of energy efficiency and comfort. A critical analysis of every possibility is essential to preserve the balance between efficiency and architecture. The purpose of the study is the energy retrofitting of the Institute of General Physiology located within the “Sapienza” University campus. The proposed interventions include the renovation of the whole building envelope, investigated by thermographic surveys, and the installation of new heating and cooling systems. The results were analysed to identify the best intervention for a sustainable energy renovation of the historic building, taking into account the preservation of its architectural values and making it suitable for modern use.
Simulation Effect of Crack Depth and Crack Location on Cylindrical Pressure Vessel
Authors: Kusmartono Dodik , Nugroho Gesang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the present study the problem of calculation of the stress intensity factors (SIF) of semi-elliptical cracks located in the shell and knuckle area of a pressure vessel is numerically solved by 3D Extended finite element method (XEFM) analysis. Crack also will be varied based on crack depth at constant elliptical ratio. The modeling details of the sub-structuring methodology, employed in the analysis, are discussed and the numerical approach is proven to be very efficient for the SIF calculation of pressure vessel semi-elliptical crack. Result of study show that crack with the same geometry, crack located in the shell has more tendency to propagate compare to crack located in the knuckle area. This phenomenon is due to stress at shell is dominated with tensile stress while in the knuckle area, stress is dominated with compressive stress.
Application Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average to Forecast the Number of East Kalimantan Hotspots
Authors: Wahyuningsih S , Goejantoro R , Siringoringo M , Saputra A R , Aminah S 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The objective of this research is to determine the best time series model for forecasting the number of hotspots in East Kalimantan. Seasonal time series model is applied to the data. The results of this research is the best model for the number of hotspots in East Kalimantan is SARIMA (0,1,1)(0,1,1)12.