bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic variation and characterization of the sucrose synthase 2 gene (Sus2) in sugarcane based molecular markers
Authors: RINA SRI KASIAMDARI  , DEA FEBIANSI  , HERI PRABOWO  , Aristya Ganies Riza , ARNI MUSTHOFA  
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Kasiamdari RS, Febiansi D, Prabowo H, Aristya GR, Musthofa A. 2019. Genetic variation and characterization of the sucrose synthase 2 gene (Sus2) in sugarcane based molecular markers. Biodiversitas 20: 3087-3096. Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) genotype is one of the sugar-producing plants and an important commodity to support the community’s economy. Plant breeders continuously cross-breed these plants to obtain cultivars with desirable traits to produce a variety of new phenotypes. An analysis of variation at gene-level is carried out as an important step in plant breeding programs. The purpose of the present study was to determine genetic variation and characterize the sucrose synthase 2 gene (Sus2) based on molecular markers. Twenty sugarcane cultivars were sampled from Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute (BALITTAS) Malang and four sugarcane cultivars from PT. Madu Baru in Polosio A Plantation, Poncosari, Srandakan, Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta. DNAs were amplified using two primer pairs, i.e. AI and SMC226CG. The genetic variations of the twenty-four sugarcane cultivars were analyzed by constructing a dendrogram of the Amplified DNA using Multi-Variate Statistical Package (MVSP) software. The results showed that there were three large clusters, namely Cluster A consisting of ‘PS 865’, ‘PS 951’, ‘PS 921’, and ‘PS 58’, with a similarity index of 57%; Cluster B consisting of the sugarcane ‘Kentung’, with a similarity index of 33%; and cluster C consisting of the sugarcane ‘PSDK 923’, ‘PSBM 901’, ‘TLH 2’, ‘BL’, ‘PSJT 941’, ‘KK’, ‘PS 80.1649’, ‘PSCO 902’, ‘PS 80,910’, ‘PS 882’, ‘PS 862’, ‘PS 851’, ‘PS 881’, ‘PS 865’, ‘PS 384’, ‘VMC 76-16’, ‘BZ 132’, ‘PS 891’, ‘PS 41’ with a similarity index of 60%. Polymorphisms occurred after the DNAs were amplified and after the bands appeared in heterozygous and homozygous individuals. In sugarcane, the Sus2 gene when detected by the molecular marker primer AI showed high-sucrose sugarcane; whereas the Sus2 gene detected by the primer SMC226CG showed low-sucrose sugarcane. Results of the present study showed that all sugarcane samples were detected as having low sucrose except Bulu Lawang and Kentung cultivars.
Conservative management of staghorn stones
Authors: Alsawi M , Amer T , Mariappan M , Nalagatla S , Ramsay A , Aboumarzouk O 
Published: January 2020

Introduction Since the seminal works by Singh and Blandy in the 1970s, the management of staghorn stones has almost exclusively involved surgical intervention. In contrast, a more recent study found that conservative management was not as unsafe as previously believed. The present review sought to examine the available literature to understand the implications of a conservative strategy. Methods A systematic search of the literature was carried out using MEDLINE®, Embase™ and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. All papers looking at management of staghorn calculi were reviewed and studies with a conservative management arm were identified. Outcomes of interest were recurrent or severe urinary tract infections, progressive renal deterioration, dialysis requirements, morbidity and disease specific mortality. Owing to the lack of relevant data, a descriptive review was carried out. Results Our literature search yielded 10 suitable studies involving a total of 304 patients with staghorn stones managed conservatively. Progressive renal deterioration occurred in 0–100% of cases (mean 27.5%) with a higher rate among bilateral staghorn sufferers (44% vs 9%). Dialysis was required in 9% of patients (20% bilateral, 6% unilateral). The mean rate of severe infection was 8.7% and recurrent urinary tract infections occurred in as high as 50% of cases (80% bilateral, 41% unilateral). Disease specific mortality ranged from 0% to 67% (mean 20.5%). Conclusions It appears that conservative management of staghorn calculi is not as unsafe as previously thought and selection of patients with unilateral asymptomatic stones with minimal infection should be considered.
Iterative retrieval method for ocean attenuation profiles measured by airborne lidar
Authors: Liu Hang , Chen Peng , Mao Zhihua , Pan Delu 
Published: January 2020

Lidar remote sensing for ocean optical properties has been increasingly applied because of its ability to provide vertical structure information, which cannot be directly obtained by ocean color remote sensing. However, the application of this technology demands an inversion method to infer two quantities, i.e., attenuation and backscatter, from a single measurement. Here, a new iterative retrieval method is demonstrated to deduce the attenuation coefficient from ocean lidar return signals. One calculates the logarithmic backscatter-to-attenuation ratio

k

by an iterative solution based on a bio-optical model. Procedural examples of lidar-processing results—from raw data to attenuation—are presented, and the inversion results are compared with in situ measurements. The correlation coefficient R between the lidar-retrieval and in situ measurements is 0.8, and the root mean square error (RMSE) is 0.032. We then map the vertical structure of the lidar-retrieved attenuation along airborne lidar flight tracks and discuss the influences of

k

, the reference depth

z
m

, and the reference value

α
m

. Consequently, the reference value has little influence on the results for high-optical-thickness water, and

k

is the main error source in lidar return inversion. Primary results indicate that this method provides a more accurate

k

and improves the inversion accuracy of the lidar attenuation coefficient.
1/f noise analysis of 980  nm InGaAs/GaAs laser diodes below the lasing threshold
Authors: Chen Xiaojuan , Qu Chang 
Published: January 2020

We present a

1

/

f

noise model of 980 nm InGaAs/GaAs laser diodes (LDs) operated below the lasing threshold to study the correlation between

1

/

f

noise and fluctuation of surface nonradiative recombination current

I

n
r

. In InGaAs/GaAs LDs, nonradiative recombination current components have been identified as being primarily related to surface recombination, which depends on surface oxide traps and lattice dislocation. An analysis of the experimental comparison of

I

n
r

and

1

/

f

noise spectral density with constant current and temperature aging tests further shows the correlation and verifies the

1

/

f

noise model, which can be interpreted as a change in carriers and trap density of a certain surface. This model permits facet stability to be investigated.
Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской империи 1897 г.: обзор нормативных документов
Authors: Неженцева Наталья Владимировна 
Published: January 2020

В статье представлена характеристика нормативных актов, регламентирующих организацию и проведение Первой всеобщей переписи населения Российской империи 1897 г. Источниковой базой исследования послужили нормативные документы (положение, инструкции, правила, циркуляры, циркулярные письма), выявленные в федеральных и региональных архивах и библиотеках России. Дана характеристика состава и содержания нормативных документов.
Основными документами, регулирующими организацию и проведение переписи 1897 г., были: Положение 1895 г.; инструкции губернаторам; инструкции комиссиям; наставления счетчикам; правила заполнения переписных форм. Установлено, что с 1895 по 1897 г. было создано более 90 нормативных документов, как определяющих общий порядок проведения переписи, так и регулирующих частные вопросы. Особое внимание акцентировано на изучении документов, регламентирующих отступления от общего порядка переписи 1897 г. Такие документы создавались по инициативе Главной переписной комиссии или переписных комиссий в регионах. Представлены примеры отступления от общего порядка переписи населения с указанием на соответствующие нормативные документы. В результате исследования делается вывод о том, что в период подготовки и непосредственно во время проведения Первой всеобщей переписи населения был разработан обширный комплекс документов, регулирующих как общие вопросы организации переписи, так и частные моменты (отступления от установленного в нормативных документах 1895 г. порядка переписи).
FAKE NEWS AS A WEAPON OF PERSUASION
Authors: PEDRINI PIER PAOLO 
Published: January 2020

Our study is qualitative research. It is a content analysis of more than 2,500 European and American posters of war propaganda identifying modern principles of persuasion and forms of discourse. The analysis of the themes demonstrates that the techniques used one hundred years ago to convince civilians to enlist had enormous potential for development to such a degree that they were adopted by modern political and commercial persuasion. Therefore, we can consider the propagandists of the Great War as modern spin doctors. The idea evolved after reading Propaganda (1928) by Edward Bernays, the nephew of Sigmund Freud. This is an astonishing book; it provides illuminating interpretations both for understanding of war propaganda – not just for the Great War – and for the commercial discourse of which Bernays became a promoting agent.
During the Great War the propagandists used emotional and rational stratagems to convince volunteers to leave to the front. Among these, the fake news played an important role in the production of the posters that served to motivate and galvanize people to defend the ideals of the war. It was an organized disinformation action because, especially for American people, the war was very far in kilometres and in interest. Fake news has two different factors: wrong or unreasonable argumentations and false information used as premises. The success of the posters was that of moulding the agenda-setting and the opinion of citizens in order to increase the enlistment to defend the identity of the nation.
FAKE NEWS AND THE RITUALISATION OF THE SELF
Authors: KARAS ELENI 
Published: January 2020

Two hundred years have passed since the question of subjectivity (re-interpreted through Kierkegaard’s existentialism) became central in modern philosophy. Over these two centuries, multiple theories addressed and questioned the borders between authentic subjectivity and an internalized panopticon of the hegemonic views that dominate the subject. Nevertheless, they still have to be definitively defined. As we may try to point Fake News (FN) is an opponent to subjectivity, and yet it comes from the subject. FN is the intentional spreading through new technologies of false information on a global level by subjects that use social media, a process influencing not only the sense of socio-political reality but also the concept of identity. Identities (personal or collective) are in general the combination of the socially determined understanding of ‘who I am’ and the socially and psychologically influenced ‘mental model’ of ‘what the world - and the self within it - should be’, all expressed and produced under the fundamental influence of our idiosyncratic characteristics.
One of the fields that all these factors meet and interact is the new mediated environment where almost everyone can participate and contribute. According to the Sociology of Communication as founded by Giddens, Habermas and Luckmann (Leydesdorff 2000) this makes the public part of our identity the dominant one, creating a ritual in which our narcissistic elements dominate our private ones. The Self, addressing itself into the public like an echo and back to the Self, becomes ritualized. In our paper, we explore the interrelation of this phenomenon with the creation and distribution of Fake News, from the vantage point of Kierkegaard’s existential philosophy.
Economy and political distrust: Explaining public anti-partyism in the Czech Republic
Authors: Havlík Vlastimil 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
There is little doubt in the current comparative politics literature about the importance of political parties in modern democracies, nor is there any doubt about the centrality of political parties in the democratic transitions in Central and Eastern Europe after the fall of communism. This holds true for the Czech Republic as well. However, the three most recent general elections in the Czech Republic have shaken the country. Electoral earthquakes are becoming common in the region, and it seems that the Czech Republic is being affected by what has been described in the literature as the decline of political parties. The main aim of the article is to explore sources of public anti-party sentiment in the Czech Republic. The analysis of data from a public opinion survey shows that public anti-partyism can be explained by a perceived lack of political representation that stems from both economic conditions and a feeling of low political efficacy.
Reconceptualising political participation
Authors: Sairambay Yerkebulan 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
This article offers a critical examination of various interpretations of “political participation” and shows that there is a lack of consensus among scholars concerning the definition of this particular concept. The lack of consensus has led to various conflicting outcomes (even when applied to the same problem) in the research on political participation. The main purpose of this paper is to offer a new definition of political participation that effectively addresses the challenges facing modern civil societies and the emerging era of Web 3.0. The present study argues that “civic engagement” should be differentiated from political participation such that the former is not counted as part of the latter; civic engagement fosters political participation and refers entirely to social activities. Moreover, I argue that online political actions should be accepted as an integral part of political participation if they fulfil all of the criteria of the phenomenon as defined in this article.
LOINC: Origin, development of and perspectives for medical research and biobanking – 20 years on the way to implementation in Germany
Authors: Semler Sebastian C. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractTwenty-five years of LOINC (LogicalObservationIdentifierNames andCodes) and almost 20 years of experience with the implementation of LOINC in Germany – without having so far achieved a binding national definition of or a relevant routine use of LOINC in laboratory data communication. This article sketches the development of LOINC use in Germany since the year 2000 on the basis of grey literature. For the first time, the use of LOINC in Germany is experiencing a significant impetus at the national level: On the one hand, the current health legislation with its stipulations for a legally defined electronic patient record provides the necessary framework for nationwide stipulations; on the other hand, there is a significant impulse from the German Medical Informatics Initiative (MII) out of the medical research field for implementing a uniform LOINC subset. In recognition of the 25thanniversary of the LOINC nomenclature (1995–2019), the article traces the emergence of LOINC – which is characterized by interactions between European (EUCLIDES, READ, NPU) and US (HL7, LOINC, SNOMED CT) developments and the interplay of various standardization initiatives. Different national definitions and e-health strategies resulting from this history will be a challenge for the future e-health harmonization in the EU. The concerns of medical research and biobanking must be taken into account here, since the standardization of lab data according to international nomenclatures is of utmost importance for them.
68Ga CdTe/CdS fluorescent quantum dots for detection of tumors: investigation on the effect of nanoparticle size on stability and in vivo pharmacokinetics
Authors: Fazaeli Yousef , Zare Hakimeh , Karimi Shokufeh , Feizi Shahzad 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Quantum dots (QDs)-based theranostics offer exciting new approaches to diagnose and therapy of cancer. To take advantage of the unique properties of these fluorescent QDs for different biomedical applications, their structures, size and/or surface chemistry need to be optimized, allowing their stability and functionalities to be tailored for different biomedical applications.

Methodology
Cadmium telluride/Cadmium sulfide QDs (CdTe/CdS QDs) were synthesized and their structure, size, photostability and functionalities as a bioprobe for detection of Fibrosarcoma tumors were studied and compared with Cadmium telluride (CdTe) QDs. Hence, CdTe/CdS QDs were labeled with 68Ga radionuclide for fast in vivo biological nuclear imaging. Using gamma paper chromatography (γ-PC), the physicochemical properties of the prepared labeled QDs were assessed. In vivo biodistribution and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of the 68Ga@ CdTe/CdS QDs nanocrystals were investigated in Sprague Dawley® rats bearing Fibrosarcoma tumor.

Results
CdS shell on the surface of CdTe core increases the size and photostability against high energy radiations; therefore, CdTe/CdS QDs show prolonged fluorescence as compared to CdTe QDs.

Conclusion
Excellent accumulation in tumor was observed for core/shell quantum dots, but this study showed that small changes in the size of the QDs (+1 nm), after adding the CdS shell around CdTe core, greatly change their biodistribution (especially the liver uptake).
АСОЦІАТИВНЕ ПОЛЕ ОБ’ЄКТИВАЦІЇ «НЕВІРИ» ЯК КОРЕЛЯТА КОНЦЕПТУ «ВІРА»
Authors: Гошовська Оксана 
Published: January 2020

У статті описано природу мовної асоціації, в основі якої лежить суб’єктивний та соціальний досвід респондента, а також проаналізовано вербалізатори диференційних когнітивних ознак «недовір’я», «безнадія», «сумнів управдивості», «маловір`я», «даремна надія», «віровідступництво», «невпевненість», «сумнів у здійсненні чогось», «зло», «неймовірність», «попри сподівання»,«раптова несподіванка» як складників асоціативного поля концепту «віра» насинхронному зрізі.
Ключові слова: мовні асоціаціїсоціативне поле, а, вербалізатори, концепт,
невіра.
Whole Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics of Two Nematicidal Bacillus Strains Reveals a Wide Range of Possible Virulence Factors
Authors: Susič Nik , Janežič Sandra , Rupnik Maja , Stare Barbara Gerič 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Bacillus firmus nematicidal bacterial strains are used to control plant parasitic nematode infestation of crops in agricultural production. Proteases are presumed to be the primary nematode virulence factors in nematicidal B. firmus degrading the nematode cuticle and other organs. We determined and compared the whole genome sequences of two nematicidal strains. Comparative genomics with a particular focus on possible virulence determinants revealed a wider range of possible virulence factors in a B. firmus isolate from a commercial bionematicide and a wild type Bacillus sp. isolate with nematicidal activity. The resulting 4.6 Mb B. firmus I-1582 and 5.3 Mb Bacillus sp. ZZV12-4809 genome assemblies contain respectively 18 and 19 homologs to nematode-virulent proteases, two nematode-virulent chitinase homologs in ZZV12-4809 and 28 and 36 secondary metabolite biosynthetic clusters, projected to encode antibiotics, small peptides, toxins and siderophores. The results of this study point to the genetic capability of B. firmus and related species for nematode virulence through a range of direct and indirect mechanisms.
Predictors of lifelong learning: Information literacy and academic self-efficacy
Authors: Kozikoglu Ishak , Onur Zehra 
Published: January 2020

The aim of this study is to determine whether the prospective teachers' information literacy levels and academic self-efficacy perceptions predict their lifelong learning tendencies. This research was conducted with 500 prospective teachers studying at Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Faculty of Education. In this study, â€˜Lifelong Learning Tendencies Scaleâ€™ developed by Gur-Erdogan and Arsal (2016), â€˜Information Literacy Scaleâ€™ developed by Adiguzel (2011) and â€˜Academic Self-efficacy Scaleâ€™ adapted into Turkish by Yilmaz, Gurcay and Ekici (2007) were used for data collection. The data were analysed with descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), Pearson Product Moments Correlation Coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. As a result, it was concluded that prospective teachers' lifelong learning tendencies, information literacy and academic self-efficacy were at a high level, and there is a moderate, positive and significant relationship between prospective teachersâ€™ lifelong learning tendencies, information literacy and academic self-efficacy. Furthermore, it was concluded that prospective teachersâ€™ information literacy and academic self-efficacy are significant predictors of their lifelong learning tendencies and they can explain 41% of the variance in lifelong learning tendencies.
Keywords: Lifelong learning, information literacy, academic self-efficacy, prospective teachers.
Is the source for my curriculum knowledge and other competencies the same? Evidence from PISA 2015
Authors: Ilgaz Gokhan , Vural Levent , Eskici Menekse 
Published: January 2020

This study aims to examine to what extent the field of competence regarding curriculum knowledge is concordant with the other sub-competency fields of teaching. These fields are field knowledge, pedagogic competence in field teaching, use of information and communication technologies in teaching, student behaviours and class management, individualised learning approaches, teaching students with special needs, education in a multicultural and multilingual environment, teaching cross-curricular skills, vocational guidance, internal evaluation of schools and self-evaluation, teacherâ€“parent collaboration and school management and administration. Survey is our research model. The participations of the study are 54.395 teachers from 17 different countries, which have been obtained from PISA 2015. The correspondence and multiple correspondence analyses were used. The results of simple correspondence analysis have revealed that the measure of accountable correspondence is more than 50% between the sources of curriculum knowledge and those of other sub-competency fields such as field insight and knowledge, pedagogic competence in field teaching and student assessment procedures. Likewise, multiple correspondence analysis has also produced similar results.
Keywords: Teacher training, curriculum knowledge, curriculum development, correspondence analysis.
The effect of leadership on organisational commitment: A meta-analysis
Authors: Cilek Adem 
Published: January 2020

This research aims to investigate the effects of leadership behaviour of school principals on teachersâ€™ organisational commitment in Turkey. The method of meta-analysis is used to calculate the effects size of leadership on teachersâ€™ organisational commitment. Besides this, leadership style, publication type and publication year are used as moderators in order to explain variation in effect sizes. The analysis results of the random effect model showed that leadership has a very strong and positive effect on teachersâ€™ organisational commitment. Particularly, supporting, democratic and transformational leadership styles affect organisational commitment of teachers more than other leadership approaches. However, except leadership styles, the other moderators chosen for the research are not a powerful determinant of the relationship between school leadership and organisational commitment.
Keywords: Leadership, organisational commitment, meta-analysis.