bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frontoparietal structural properties mediate adult life span differences in executive function
Authors: Yao Zai-Fu , Yang Meng-Heng , Hwang Kai , Hsieh Shulan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractExecutive function (EF) refers to a set of cognitive functions that support goal-directed behaviors. Recent findings have suggested that the frontoparietal network (FPN) subserves neural processes that are related to EF. However, the FPN structural and functional network properties that mediate age-related differences in EF components remain unclear. To this end, we used three experimental tasks to test the component processes of EF based on Miyake and Friedman’s model: one common EF component process (incorporating inhibition, shifting, and updating) and two specific EF component processes (shifting and updating). We recruited 126 healthy participants (65 females; 20 to 78 years old) who underwent both structural and functional MRI scanning. We tested a mediation path model of three structural and functional properties of the FPN (i.e., gray matter volume, white matter fractional anisotropy, and intra/internetwork functional connectivity) as mediators of age-related differences in the three EF components. The results indicated that age-related common EF component differences are mediated by regional gray matter volume changes in both hemispheres of the frontal lobe, which suggests that structural changes in the frontal lobe may have an indirect influence on age-related general elements of EF. These findings suggest that the FPN mediates age-related differences in specific components of EF.
WilsonGen a comprehensive clinically annotated genomic variant resource for Wilson’s Disease
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Gaharwar Utkarsh , Paul Sangita , Poojary Mukta , Pandhare Kavita , Scaria Vinod , BK Binukumar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWilson disease (WD) is one of the most prevalent genetic diseases with an estimated global carrier frequency of 1 in 90 and a prevalence of 1 in 30,000. The disease owes its genesis to Kinnier Wilson who described the disease, and is caused by accumulation of Copper (Cu) in various organs including the liver, central nervous system, cornea, kidney, joints and cardiac muscle which contribute to the characteristic clinical features of WD. A number of studies have reported genetic variants in the ATP7B gene from diverse ethnic and geographical origins. The recent advent of next-generation sequencing approaches has also enabled the discovery of a large number of novel variants in the gene associated with the disease. Previous attempts have been made to compile the knowledgebase and spectrum of genetic variants from across the multitude of publications, but have been limited by the utility due to the significant differences in approaches used to qualify pathogenicity of variants in each of the publications. The recent formulation of guidelines and algorithms for assessment of the pathogenicity of variants jointly put forward by the American College of Medical Genetics and the Association of Molecular Pathologists (ACMG &AMP) has provided a framework for evidence based and systematic assessment of pathogenicity of variants. In this paper, we describe a comprehensive resource of genetic variants in ATP7B gene manually curated from literature and data resources and systematically annotated using the ACMG & AMP guidelines for assessing pathogenicity. The resource therefore serves as a central point for clinicians and geneticists working on WD and to the best of our knowledge is the most comprehensive and only clinically annotated resource for WD. The resource is available at URL http://clingen.igib.res.in/WilsonGen/. We compiled a total of 3662 genetic variants from publications and databases associated with WD. Of these variants compiled, a total of 1458 were found to be unique entries. This is the largest WD database comprising 656 pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants reported classified according to ACMG & AMP guidelines. We also mapped all the pathogenic variants corresponding to ATP7B protein from literature and other databases. In addition, geographical origin and distribution of ATP7B pathogenic variants reported are also mapped in the database.
How Is Quality of Life Assessed in People With Dementia? A Systematic Literature Review and a Primer for Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Heuer Sabine , Willer Rebecca 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine how quality of life (QoL) is measured in people with dementia involved in interventions designed to improve well-being and to explore how those measures align with principles of person-centered care.

Method
A systematic literature review was conducted utilizing PsychInfo, CINAHL, and PubMed and combinations of the search terms: “dementia,” “outcome measure,” “creative engagement,” “creative intervention,” “TimeSlips,” “art,” “quality of life,” and “well-being.” The search was limited to studies published in peer-reviewed journals that reported outcomes for people with dementia in response to a creative intervention.

Results
Across the 24 reviewed studies, 30 different outcome measures were reported including eight self-reported, nine observational, and 13 proxy-reported measures. Self-report of QoL was elicited 16 times, observational measures were reported 17 times, and proxy-reported measures were used 28 times. All measures were used with participants across the dementia severity spectrum.

Conclusion
Current clinical practice of QoL evaluation does not align well with person-centered care principles of self-determination based on the low proportion of self-report. The previously reported limitations of proxy-report have been in part confirmed with this study. Implications of the findings for speech-language pathologists are discussed.
Describing the Composition of Individualized Education Plans for Students With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Harvey Judy , Farquharson Kelly , Schneider-Cline Whitney , Bush Erin , Pelatti Christina Yeager 
Published: June 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the features of Individualized Education Plans (IEPs) for a cohort of students with traumatic brain injury (TBI) to help elucidate current special education practices for students with TBI.

Method
We obtained permission from administrators of a local school district of 41,000 students in a Midwestern state to review de-identified IEP records of students verified with TBI. We examined demographic information (i.e., cause and age at time of injury), IEP services and intensity, IEP goal categories, and previous verification status.

Results
Descriptive results support that intervention services were more intense for students with TBI with greater lengths of time postinjury. Target behaviors within goals were more often related to math and reading than to the cognitive processes that govern these skills, such as attention, memory, and executive functioning. Finally, more than a third of our sample had been verified with a disability and were receiving special education services via an IEP prior to their TBI.

Conclusions
This work represents an important first step in understanding the special education services for students with TBI. Future research should explore interventions that are ecologically valid for school-based settings and are developed to address the idiosyncratic deficits of students with TBI, particularly interventions that focus on the underlying cognitive processes experienced by these students.
Erworbene immunvermittelte Thrombozytopenie in der Intensivmedizin: Ein Update über relevante Aspekte der Diagnostik und Therapie
Authors: Hidiatov Oleg , Zlamal Jan , Aidery Parwez , Bakchoul Tamam 
Published: June 2020

Was ist neu?
Thrombozytopenie bei Intensivpatienten und medikamenteninduzierte Immunthrombozytopenie Aktuell sind mehr als 300 Medikamente mit der medikamenteninduzierten Immunthrombozytopenie assoziiert. Bei schwerer Thrombozytopenie kann neben dem Absetzen des auslösenden Medikaments eine hochdosierte IVIG-Therapie über 2 Tage durchgeführt werden.
Heparin-induzierte Thrombozytopenie Typ II HIT-Patienten mit längerer Thrombozytopenie, die auf eine Standardbehandlung nicht ansprechen, könnten von einer IVIG-Therapie profitieren.
Idiopathische Immunthrombozytopenie Bei der Immunthrombozytopenie bekommt die Verwendung von TPO-Rezeptor-Agonisten bei Notfallpatienten in Kombination mit First-Line-Wirkstoffen einen höheren Stellenwert.
Was ist neu bei der Diagnostik und Therapie des Nierenzellkarzinoms?
Authors: Ahrens Marit , Hartmann Arndt , Bergmann Lothar 
Published: June 2020

Was ist neu?
Histologische Entitäten Die histopathologische Einteilung der Nierenzellkarzinome (RCC) wurde auch unter Berücksichtigung der molekularen Charakteristiken überarbeitet und als neue WHO-Klassifikation 2016 publiziert. Weiterhin wurde eine S3-Leitlinie zur Diagnostik, Therapie und Nachsorge des Nierenzellkarzinoms publiziert.
Therapie In der Erstlinientherapie des metastasierten RCC sind Kombinationstherapien mit dem Tyrosinkinasehemmer (TKI) Axitinib und den Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren (IO) Pembrolizumab oder Avelumab, unabhängig vom Risikoprofil und histologischer Entität, und die Kombination Ipilimumab mit Nivolumab bei Patienten mit intermediärem und hohem Risikoprofil neuer Standard. Ab der Zweitlinientherapie können nach einer Kombinationstherapie von TKI+IO oder IO + IO Medikamente, besonders TKI (z. B. Cabozantinib, Sunitinib), gegeben werden, die noch nicht zuvor eingesetzt wurden. Die Evidenzlage nach Kombinationstherapien ist gering.
Neue Nebenwirkungen Die Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren können mit immunvermittelten Nebenwirkungen unterschiedlichen Schweregrads einhergehen. Betroffen sind vor allem der Gastrointestinaltrakt, Leber, Lunge, Haut und endokrine Organe. Eine rasche Diagnostik und ggf. Therapie mit Immunsuppressiva sind essenziell.
Symptom Presentation After Concussion and Pre-existing Anxiety Among Youth Athletes
Authors: Kent Matthew , Brilliant Anna , Erickson Kirk , Meehan William , Howell David 
Published: June 2020

AbstractOur purpose was to evaluate the effect of self-reported pre-injury anxiety diagnosis on persistent symptom development, vestibular symptom severity, and balance control among youth who sustained a concussion. We performed a retrospective study of patients seen at a specialty pediatric concussion clinic. Patients were 18 years of age or younger, examined within 10 days of concussion, and received care until full recovery. A questionnaire was used to assess pre-existing medical and psychiatric conditions, including anxiety. Our main outcomes were prolonged symptom recovery defined as persistent symptoms for > 28 days after concussion) and severity of vestibular symptoms. Patients who reported pre-injury anxiety (n=43; median age=14.9 years; 37% female) were more likely to experience symptoms>28 days post-injury (76 vs. 54%; p=0.04) than those without pre-existing anxiety (n=241; median age=14.9 years; 53% female). After adjusting for sex, history of migraine, depression and ADHD, however, there was no independent association between pre-existing anxiety and prolonged symptom duration (adjusted odds ratio=2.34; 95% CI=0.083–6.63; p=0.11). Pre-existing anxiety was independently associated with self-reported nausea/vomiting severity (β coefficient=0.59, 95% CI=0.07–1.11). A pre-existing anxiety diagnosis does not appear to be associated with persistent symptoms after concussion, although it may be associated with post-injury nausea.
ERCP with overtube-assisted enteroscopy in patients with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass anatomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Klair Jagpal Singh , Jayaraj Mahendran , Chandrasekar Viveksandeep Thoguluva , Priyan Harshith , Law Joanna , Murali Arvind R. , Singh Dhruv , Larsen Michael , Irani Shayan , Kozarek Richard , Ross Andrew , Krishnamoorthi Rajesh 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) anatomy is challenging. Overtube-assisted enteroscopy (OAE) is usually needed to perform ERCP in these patients. There is significant variation in the reported rates of success and adverse events across published studies. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to reliably estimate the pooled rates of success and adverse events.Methods We performed a systematic search of multiple electronic databases through February 2020 to identify studies reporting outcomes of OAE-ERCP in post-RYGB patients. The pooled rates of enteroscopy success, technical success, and adverse events were estimated for OAE-ERCP. The pooled rates of success and adverse events were also estimated for ERCP using double-balloon enteroscopes (DBE) alone.Results 10 studies reporting a total of 398 procedures were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled rates of enteroscopy and technical success of OAE-ERCP were 75.3 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 64.5 – 83.6) and 64.8 % (95 %CI 53.1 – 74.9) respectively. The pooled rate of adverse events was 8.0 % (95 %CI 5.2 – 12.2). The pooled rates of enteroscopy and technical success of DBE-ERCP (four studies) were 83.5 % (95 %CI 68.3 – 92.2) and 72.5 % (95 %CI 52.3 – 86.4), respectively. The pooled rate of adverse events with DBE-ERCP was 9.0 % (95 %CI 5.4 – 14.5). Substantial heterogeneity was noted.Conclusions OAE-ERCP appears to be effective and safe in post-RYGB patients. Among the currently available techniques, OAE-ERCP is the least invasive approach in this challenging group of patients. Future studies comparing the effectiveness and safety of alternative novel techniques, such as endosonography-directed transgastric ERCP, with OAE-ERCP are needed.
Traditional Atriopulmonary Connection Fontan with Excellent Outcome for 32 Years
Authors: Zhang Yong , Fang Minhua , Wang Zengwei , Wang Huishan 
Published: June 2020

AbstractAlthough the traditional right atrial–pulmonary artery (RA–PA) Fontan has been replaced by the total cavopulmonary connection, some RA–PA Fontan patients still have good outcome. We report a 37-year-old male who underwent traditional Fontan 32 years ago with the diagnosis of L-transposition of great arteries, subvalvular pulmonary stenosis and cardiac dextroversion. Among the recent CTA, electroconvulsive therapy, catheterization and angiography, pulsatile PA, uniform pulmonary blood, normal PA pressure and resistance were observed in this patient. The traditional RA–PA Fontan may be an alternative surgical procedure.
Homoeoprophylaxis—A Summary of Latest Developments
Authors: Golden Isaac 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis article (1) reports on a conference in Delhi in January 2020 directed toward building the evidence base of homoeoprophylaxis, (2) summarizes the latest evidence base supporting the effectiveness of homoeoprophylaxis and (3) advises readers of a change in long-term endemic homoeoprophylaxis programme.
Homoeopathy in the Treatment of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: A Case Report
Authors: Dutta Abhijit , Nath Ranita , Ghosh Shubhamoy 
Published: June 2020

AbstractUrticaria or nettle rash is an inflammatory clinical condition principally due to hypersensitive reaction manifest as wheals and/or angioedema at various locations of the body. Chronic spontaneous urticaria constitutes a small percentage among the class of urticaria in which recurrence persists for more than 6 months without any identifiable cause. However, mostly, it is idiopathic, and very rarely it represents some serious internal disease. Clinical history and some special biochemical markers help in making the diagnosis.A patient suffering from chronic spontaneous urticaria of 2-year duration, which showed a poor response to conventional treatment, has been presented here. After a thorough clinical evaluation, Hepar sulphuris 6c, and in successive visits, Hepar sulphuris 30c were prescribed when needed. The response and severity of the case were evaluated by using patient-reported Visual Analogue Scale and Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Scale at the baseline and subsequent visits. The case responded very well with no further recurrence in successive 6 months after the completion of the treatment.This case report demonstrates improvement of symptoms as well as the reduction in the recurrence of such chronic and complicated cases of urticaria with homoeopathic treatment.
Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized Medically Ill Patients: A U.S. Perspective
Authors: Spyropoulos Alex C. , Ageno Walter , Cohen Alexander T. , Gibson C. Michael , Goldhaber Samuel Z. , Raskob Gary 
Published: June 2020

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized medically ill patients. These patients constitute a heterogeneous population, whose VTE risk is dependent upon the acute medical illness, immobility status, and patient-specific risk factors that have been incorporated into individualized VTE risk assessment models. Randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) have shown both efficacy and net clinical benefit of in-hospital thromboprophylaxis, which is supported by guideline recommendations. The data for extended posthospital discharge thromboprophylaxis are more nuanced. RCTs comparing standardized duration low-molecular weight heparin versus extended duration direct oral anticoagulants, such as betrixaban and rivaroxaban, have shown efficacy and net clinical benefit in select groups of high VTE and low-bleed risk populations of hospitalized medically ill patients. These oral agents are now approved for both in-hospital and extended thromboprophylaxis. However, the most recent guidelines do not recommend routine use of these agents for extended thromboprophylaxis. Longitudinal studies in medically ill patients have shown that the majority of VTE events occur in the posthospital discharge setting within 6 weeks of hospitalization. This, coupled with the short hospital length-of-stay and lack of routine postdischarge thromboprophylaxis in U.S. health care settings, has dampened quality improvement efforts aimed at reducing hospital-acquired VTE. The aim of this multidisciplinary document is to provide an evidence-based framework to guide clinicians in assessing VTE and bleeding risk in hospitalized medically ill patients using an individualized, risk-adapted, and patient-centered approach, with the aim of providing clinical pathways toward the use of appropriate type and duration of available thromboprophylactic agents.
EHR-Independent Predictive Decision Support Architecture Based on OMOP
Authors: Unberath Philipp , Prokosch Hans Ulrich , Gründner Julian , Erpenbeck Marcel , Maier Christian , Christoph Jan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background The increasing availability of molecular and clinical data of cancer patients combined with novel machine learning techniques has the potential to enhance clinical decision support, example, for assessing a patient's relapse risk. While these prediction models often produce promising results, a deployment in clinical settings is rarely pursued.
Objectives In this study, we demonstrate how prediction tools can be integrated generically into a clinical setting and provide an exemplary use case for predicting relapse risk in melanoma patients.
Methods To make the decision support architecture independent of the electronic health record (EHR) and transferable to different hospital environments, it was based on the widely used Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) common data model (CDM) rather than on a proprietary EHR data structure. The usability of our exemplary implementation was evaluated by means of conducting user interviews including the thinking-aloud protocol and the system usability scale (SUS) questionnaire.
Results An extract-transform-load process was developed to extract relevant clinical and molecular data from their original sources and map them to OMOP. Further, the OMOP WebAPI was adapted to retrieve all data for a single patient and transfer them into the decision support Web application for enabling physicians to easily consult the prediction service including monitoring of transferred data. The evaluation of the application resulted in a SUS score of 86.7.
Conclusion This work proposes an EHR-independent means of integrating prediction models for deployment in clinical settings, utilizing the OMOP CDM. The usability evaluation revealed that the application is generally suitable for routine use while also illustrating small aspects for improvement.
Morphological Classification of the Zygomatic Regions in Young Chinese Han Males and Females Based on a Simulated Moiré Pattern
Authors: Wang Guanhuier , Chen Lujia , Feng Ning , Wu Siqiao , Zhao Jianfang , Li Dong 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe complex curved contours of the zygomatic regions are difficult to analyze. Therefore, a better evaluation medium must be developed. We aimed to examine and summarize the morphological characteristics of the zygomatic region by using a moiré pattern map and computer algorithm. In this cross-sectional study, we collected three-dimensional images of the facial contours of 251 Han Chinese youth and established a morphological moiré map database. Clustering analysis using a computer algorithm was applied to obtain the zygomatic morphologies for classification. Aesthetic evaluation was performed to summarize the characteristics of the zygomatic types and provide reference for the preoperative morphological design of the midface. Zygomatic regions were morphologically classified into five types. Each type had its typical feature in the moiré pattern map. The moiré stripes in the left zygomatic region formed an “Ω” shape outward and downward in type 1, and they tended to be diagonal like “\\\” in type 2, smoothly curved like “)))” in type 3, vertical like “|||” in type 4, and diagonal like “///” in type 5. The aesthetic evaluation outcome indicated that the integrally flat zygoma (type 4) was more aesthetically pleasing among males, and the integrally prominent zygoma (type 3) was more aesthetically pleasing among females. Five morphological contour types of the zygoma were classified among the Chinese Han males and females based on the simulated moiré pattern. This morphological classification would aid in preparing a guide for clinical diagnosis and surgical planning.