bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
European academic libraries Key Performance Indicators (KPI)
Authors: Swiatek Cecile 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The French academic libraries directors association (ADBU) launched and updated a European comparative study on Key Performance Indicators (KPI) in Academic Libraries over the 2013–2017 period. The purpose of this paper is to briefly present the ADBU initiative; its main focus is how to use these figures to ground decision making process, notably so as to better assess the contribution of libraries in student success or research performance.

Design/methodology/approach
As universities and academic libraries are facing research evolutions and teaching/learning new models, a strong increase in students’ number is observed everywhere in Europe. This trend will most probably continue in the coming years and the pressure on academic libraries will grow. That is why the French ADBU took the initiative to launch a European comparative study on key and performance indicators in Academic Libraries over the 2013–2016 period. Data were updated in 2019, covering 2017 figures and including additional countries.

Findings
Thanks to the European partners and the help of a consultant firm, the first observations were updated with the 2017 figures and the country scope grew broader. Libraries buildings and equipment, space and seats per student, opening days and hours, frequentation rate, library services, users training, staff per student/documentary budgets/total expenditure, staff training, documentation loans/consultation/downloads: these KPI are gathered and can be compared in both relative and absolute value.

Originality/value
The ADBU initiative is unique, results are widely shared.
Illuminating microbial species‐specific effects on organic matter remineralization in marine sediments
Authors: Mahmoudi Nagissa , Enke Tim N. , Beaupré Steven R. , Teske Andreas P. , Cordero Otto X. , Pearson Ann 
Published: November 2019

SummaryMarine microorganisms play a fundamental role in the global carbon cycle by mediating the sequestration of organic matter in ocean waters and sediments. A better understanding of how biological factors, such as microbial community composition, influence the lability and fate of organic matter is needed. Here, we explored the extent to which organic matter remineralization is influenced by species‐specific metabolic capabilities. We carried out aerobic time‐series incubations of Guaymas Basin sediments to quantify the dynamics of carbon utilization by two different heterotrophic marine isolates (Vibrio splendidus 1A01; Pseudoalteromonas sp. 3D05). Continuous measurement of respiratory CO2 production and its carbon isotopic compositions (13C and 14C) shows species‐specific differences in the rate, quantity and type of organic matter remineralized. Each species was incubated with hydrothermally‐influenced versus unimpacted sediments, resulting in a ~2‐fold difference in respiratory CO2 yield across the experiments. Genomic analysis indicated that the observed carbon utilization patterns may be attributed in part to the number of gene copies encoding for extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. Our results demonstrate that the lability and remineralization of organic matter in marine environments is not only a function of chemical composition and/or environmental conditions, but also a function of the microorganisms that are present and active.
Characterization of non‐canonical G beta‐like protein FvGbb2 and its relationship with heterotrimeric G proteins in Fusarium verticillioides
Authors: Yan Huijuan , Shim Won Bo 
Published: November 2019

SummaryFusarium verticillioides is a fungal pathogen that is responsible for maize ear rot and stalk rot diseases worldwide. The fungus also produces carcinogenic mycotoxins, fumonisins on infested maize. Unfortunately, we still lack clear understanding of how the pathogen responds to host and environmental stimuli to trigger fumonisin biosynthesis. The heterotrimeric G protein complex, consisting of canonical Gα, Gβ and Gγ subunits, is involved in transducing signals from external stimuli to regulate downstream signal transduction pathways. Previously, we demonstrated that Gβ protein FvGbb1 directly impacts fumonisin regulation but not other physiological aspects in F. verticillioides. In this study, we identified and characterized a RACK1 (Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1) homolog FvGbb2 as a putative Gβ‐like protein in F. verticillioides. The mutant exhibited severe defects not only in fumonisin biosynthesis but also vegetative growth and conidiation. FvGbb2 was positively associated with carbon source utilization and stress agents but negatively regulated general amino acid control. While FvGbb2 does not interact with canonical G protein subunits, it may associate with diverse proteins in the cytoplasm to regulate vegetative growth, virulence, fumonisin biosynthesis and stress response in F. verticillioides.
Effects of Total Flavonoids from Exocarpium Citri Grandis on Air Pollution Particle‐Induced Pulmonary Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Mice
Authors: Zhu Zhiting , Wu Hao , Su Weiwei , Shi Rui , Li Panlin , Liao Yan , Wang Yonggang , Li Peibo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractExocarpium Citri Grandis (ECG) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine, which has been commonly used to alleviate cough and phlegm for more than several hundred years, and total flavonoids are the main effective components of this medicine. This study investigated the effects of total flavonoids from ECG (TFECG) on pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress induced by PM2.5 in mice. Model mice received an intratracheal instillation of PM2.5 (10 mg/mL) once at day 0. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected after 72 hr to measure the total number of white blood cell (WBC), neutrophils (NEUT), lymphocytes (LYMPH), and monocytes (MONO). The levels of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin 1β (IL‐1β), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and interleukin‐18 (IL‐18) in BALF were quantified by using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits. Lung tissues were used to determine the contents of total protein (TP), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH‐Px), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). We found that TFECG significantly inhibited PM2.5‐stimulated overproduction of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐18 and increased the numbers of WBC, NEUT, LYMPH, and MONO in BALF. TFECG observably relieved the PM2.5‐induced increases in the contents of TP, MDA, and NO, and the activities of LDH and iNOS. TFECG also alleviated PM2.5‐induced decreases in the activities of iNOS and GSH‐Px as well as GSH/GSSG ratio. The results indicate that TFECG has anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which may potentially contribute to the treatment of PM2.5‐induced lung injury.Practical ApplicationExocarpium Citri Grandis (ECG) is rich in flavonoids, which are beneficial to improve anti‐inflammation and antioxidant capacity. We proved that total flavonoids of ECG had a positive therapeutic effect on PM2.5‐induced lung injury, which expands the potential applications of ECG in the dietary supplement industries.
Barcodeleser – ein algorithmischer Ansatz für okkludierende kutane Vaskulopathien? Teil 2: Vaskulopathien mittelgroßer Gefäße
Authors: Ratzinger Gudrun , Zelger Bettina G. , Zelger Bernhard W. 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungZieleDie Klassifikation okkludierender Vaskulopathien (außer Vaskulitis [1]) kann einige Schwierigkeiten bereiten. Erstens kann ihre Einteilung unterschiedlichen Prinzipien folgen, wie klinisch‐pathologischen Befunden, Ätiologie oder Pathomechanismus. Zweitens unterscheiden Autoren zuweilen nicht zwischen Vaskulitis und okkludierenden Vaskulopathien. Drittens handelt es sich bei okkludierenden Vaskulopathien um systemische Erkrankungen. Aufgrund organspezifischer Besonderheiten sind morphologische Befunde schwer zu vergleichen. Zudem können geringfügige Veränderungen zwar auf der Haut erkennbar sein, in anderen Organen jedoch verborgen bleiben. Unser Ziel war es, die Haut und die Subkutis als Modell und die klinisch‐pathologische Korrelation als Grundlage für die Klassifikation zu verwenden.Methoden und ErgebnisseIm ersten Schritt differenzieren wir zwischen okkludierenden Vaskulopathien kleiner und mittelgroßer Gefäße in der Haut. Dabei konzentrieren wir uns im vorliegenden Teil auf die okkludierenden Vaskulopathien mittelgroßer Gefäße. Im zweiten Schritt differenzieren wir zwischen den Subtypen der Gefäße. Im letzten Schritt differenzieren wir nach dem Zeitpunkt des Koagulations‐/Reorganisationsprozesses sowie nach den beteiligten Entzündungszellen und Stromamerkmalen. Durch die Anwendung des gleichen Verfahrens bei den verschiedenen Entitäten und die Visualisierung der Befunde über Barcodes können die Ähnlichkeiten und Unterschiede besser veranschaulicht werden, sowohl klinisch als auch histopathologisch.SchlussfolgerungenOkkludierende Vaskulopathien sind häufig keine eigenständigen Entitäten, sondern Reaktionsmuster und Epiphänomene. Ihre Abgrenzung von den Vaskulitiden ist aufgrund der Unterschiede bei Pathogenese, therapeutischem Vorgehen und Prognose von entscheidender Bedeutung.
Parents in Control: Parental perceptions of problem behaviors before and after attending an ADHD‐specific parent‐training program
Authors: Foubister Louise , Rennie Fiona , Williams Justin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractProblemThere is scant evidence to support the efficacy of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)‐specific parent‐training programs in the treatment of preadolescent children with ADHD. This study explores the effectiveness of the Parents in Control (PINC) parent‐training program, designed specifically for children with ADHD.MethodsIn this pragmatic uncontrolled pre‐poststudy parents of preadolescent children with a diagnosis of ADHD were invited to attend the 6‐week PINC course. Fifty‐seven parent‐report pre/postprogram questionnaires were completed.FindingsParental ratings of the intensity and frequency of problem behaviors after completing PINC showed a significant reduction (p < .001) with a moderate effect size (0.6–0.7).ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate the efficacy of PINC in reducing the parental perception of problem behaviors and support a need for further rigorous randomised controlled trial (RCT) evaluation of this ADHD‐specific intervention.
Proteomics‐based screening of the target proteins associated with antidepressant‐like effect and mechanism of Saikosaponin A
Authors: Guo Juanjuan , Zhang Feng , Gao Jifang , Guan Xinyuan , Liu Beiyun , Wang Xiaoge , Qin Zhaoyu , Tang Kuanxiao , Liu Shilian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDepression is a commonly occurring neuropsychiatric disease with an increasing incidence rate. Saikosaponin A (SA), a major bioactive component extracted from Radix Bupleuri, possesses anti‐malignant cell proliferation, anti‐inflammation, anti‐oxidation and liver protective effects. However, few studies have investigated SA’s antidepressant effects and pharmacological mechanisms of action. Our study aimed to explore the anti‐depression effect of SA and screen the target proteins regulated by SA in a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)‐induced depression. Results showed that 8‐week CUMS combined with separation could successfully produce depressive‐like behaviours and cause a decrease of dopamine (DA) in rat hippocampus, and 4‐week administration of SA could relieve CUMS rats’ depressive symptoms and up‐regulated DA content. There were 15 kinds of significant differentially expressed proteins that were detected not only between the control and CUMS groups, but also between the CUMS and SA treatment groups. Proline‐rich transmembrane protein 2 (PRRT2) was down‐regulated by CUMS while up‐regulated by SA. These findings reveal that SA may exert antidepressant effects by up‐regulating the expression level of PRRT2 and increasing DA content in hippocampus. The identification of these 15 differentially expressed proteins, including PRRT2, provides further insight into the treatment mechanism of SA for depression.
Development and quality evaluation of maize dhokla
Authors: Shobha Doddanagappa , Neena Joshi , Jamuna Kariyanakatte Veeraiah , Vijayalakshmi Karki Gajanan , Prakash Nagabovanalli Basavarajappa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractApplication of fermentation technique is known to significantly enhance nutrient contents in foods and hence, this study was conducted to develop and evaluate fermented dhokla from maize. Different levels of maize semolina (600 μm) were mixed with bengal gram dhal (2:1, 3:1 and 4:1 ratios) and evaluated for acceptability using subjective and objective methods by taking rice dhokla (3:1) as control. Proximate composition, antinutrients, protein, and starch digestibility of the best accepted ratio at different stages of preparation (raw ingredients‐R, after soaking‐S, after fermenting‐F, and after steam cooking‐C) were analyzed by standard procedures. The taste (8.60), texture (8.80), and overall acceptability (8.32) were superior for 3:1 ratio of maize dhokla. Low chewiness value noticed in the 3:1 combination of maize dhokla indicated soft nature of the product. Reduction of phytic acid (610.58–451.98 mg in maize, 360.49–73.81 mg in rice), polyphenol (490.86–102.28 mg in maize, 279.78–95.13 mg in rice), and tannin (210.11–104.13 mg in maize, 138.36–86.05 mg in rice) content upon fermentation and cooking was observed with concomitant increase in mineral, protein, and starch digestibility.Practical applicationMaize is being produced on a large scale and only 16% is used for human consumption in India. This is largely due to nonavailability of maize based food products suitable for human consumption to add value to the crop. In this study, maize was incorporated in traditional fermented product dhokla. The advantages of low cost natural fermentation were witnessed with improvement in protein and starch digestibility along with reduction of antinutrients such as polyphenols, tannin, and phytic acids. Due to natural yellow color and good fermentability maize semolina was found highly suitable for the preparation of breakfast item dhokla with more porous and fluffiness compared to rice dhokla.
Machine learning based modeling of households: A regionalized bottom‐up approach to investigate consumption‐induced environmental impacts
Authors: Froemelt Andreas , Buffat René , Hellweg Stefanie 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAs major drivers of economy, households induce a large share of worldwide environmental impacts. The variability of local consumption patterns and associated environmental impacts needs to be quantified as an important starting point to devise targeted measures aimed at reducing household environmental footprints. The goal of this article is the development and appraisal of a comprehensive regionalized bottom‐up model that assesses realistic environmental profiles for individual households in a specific region. For this purpose, a physically based building energy model, the results of an agent‐based transport simulation, and a data‐driven household consumption model were interlinked within a new probability‐based classification framework and applied to the case of Switzerland. The resulting model predicts the demands in about 400 different consumption areas for each Swiss household by considering its particular circumstances and produces a realistic picture of variability in household environmental footprints. An analysis of the model results on a municipal level reveals per‐capita income, population density, buildings' age, and household structure as possible drivers of municipal carbon footprints. While higher‐emission municipalities are located in rural areas and tend to show higher shares of older buildings, lower‐emission communities have larger proportions of families and can be found in highly populated regions by trend. However, the opposing effects of various variables observed in this analysis confirm the importance of a model that is able to capture regional distinctions. The overall model constitutes a comprehensive information base supporting policymakers in understanding consumption patterns in their region and deriving environmental strategies tailored to their specific population.
Divorce and Diverging Poverty Rates: A Risk‐and‐Vulnerability Approach
Authors: Hogendoorn Bram , Leopold Thomas , Bol Thijs 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study offers a new approach to analyzing life course inequalities and applies it to the link between divorce and poverty.BackgroundPrevious research has suggested that divorce drives cumulative inequality between education groups during the life course. Two pathways play a role in this process: the educational gradient in the risk of divorce and the educational gradient in economic vulnerability to divorce. Both pathways should be studied simultaneously to understand how divorce drives inequality.MethodThe authors used administrative data from the Netherlands, following the marriage cohorts 2003 to 2005 (N = 179,018) during a period of 10 years. Decomposition analyses estimated the contributions of the gradients in divorce risk and vulnerability to poverty differences during the life course.ResultsIn the 10 years following marriage, the fraction of the educational difference in poverty explained by divorce was 12% in the overall population and 26% in mothers. Among childless men and women, divorce increased poverty differences due mainly to greater economic vulnerability of the lower educated. Among mothers, divorce increased poverty differences due to both higher risk and greater vulnerability of the lower educated. Among fathers, divorce was unrelated to poverty.ConclusionDivorce is a major driver of cumulative inequality during the life course.
Influence of exogenous acid protease in broiler chickens fed corn–soybean meal‐based diets
Authors: Hu Jing , Ingale Santosh , Rathi Piyush , Zhang Jian Ying , Kim In Ho 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study was conducted to determine the influence of exogenous acid protease (EAP) on growth performance, blood profiles, excreta noxious gas emissions, ileum digesta viscosity and apparent ileal digestibility in broilers. A total of 600 1‐d‐old broilers with average initial body weight of 47.0 ± 0.2 g were used in a 5‐week feeding trial. The broilers were randomly allotted to 1 of 4 treatments with 10 replicate pens per treatment and 15 birds per cage. Dietary treatments consisted of: CON, basal diets; EAP1, CON + 2,700 exogenous acid protease unite (APU)/kg; EAP2, CON + 5,400 APU/kg; EAP3, CON + 8,100 APU/kg. The body weight gain (BWG) had a linear improvement when chicks fed 8,100 AP/kg diets from d 18 to 35 and overall (p < .05). Lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) was obtained in broilers fed 5,400 APU/kg and 8,100 APU/kg as compared with the CON during overall (p < .05). Birds fed diets supplemented with EAP diet led to a linear increase in the ileal digestibility of crude protein, energy and amino acids (lysine, methionine, cystine, threonine, isoleucine, leucine, histidine and tryptophan) compared with CON group (p < .05). In conclusion, based on our results, we suggest that supplementation with EAP diet was effective in improving growth performance through increasing ileal digestibility of some nutrients (crude protein, energy and amino acids) in broilers.
Characteristics and risk factors for mortality of invasive non‐Aspergillus mould infections in patients with haematologic diseases: A single‐centre 7‐year cohort study
Authors: Lee Hyeon‐Jeong , Cho Sung‐Yeon , Lee Dong‐Gun , Park Chulmin , Chun Hye‐Sun , Park Yeon‐Joon 
Published: November 2019

SummarySince mould‐active azole prophylaxis has become a standard approach for patients with high‐risk haematologic diseases, the epidemiology of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) has shifted towards non‐Aspergillus moulds. It was aimed to identify the epidemiology and characteristics of non‐Aspergillus invasive mould infections (NAIMIs). Proven/probable NAIMIs developed in patients with haematologic diseases were reviewed from January 2011 to August 2018 at Catholic Hematology hospital, Seoul, Korea. There were 689 patients with proven/probable invasive mould infections; of them, 46 (47 isolates) were diagnosed with NAIMIs. Fungi of the Mucorales order (n = 27, 57.4%) were the most common causative fungi, followed by Fusarium (n = 9, 19.1%). Thirty‐four patients (73.9%) had neutropenia upon diagnosis of NAIMIs, and 13 (28.3%) were allogeneic stem cell transplantation recipients. The most common site of NAIMIs was the lung (n = 27, 58.7%), followed by disseminated infections (n = 8, 17.4%). There were 23.9% (n = 11) breakthrough IFIs, and 73.9% (n = 34) had co‐existing bacterial or viral infections. The overall mortality at 6 and 12 weeks was 30.4% and 39.1%, respectively. Breakthrough IFIs (adjusted hazards ratio [aHR] = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.3‐4.41, P = .031) and surgical treatment (aHR = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.02‐0.45, P = .003) were independently associated with 6‐week overall mortality. NAIMIs were not rare and occur as a complex form of infection often accompanied by breakthrough/mixed/concurrent IFIs and bacterial or viral infections. More active diagnostic efforts for NAIMIs are needed.
Control of Air-Ventilated Cavity Under Ship Hull in Abnormal Waves
Authors: Matveev Konstantin I. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Practical implementation of ship drag reduction techniques can lead to substantial fuel savings and lessening environmental impacts of maritime transportation. One of such technologies is based on injecting air underneath ship hulls, which results in the formation of thin air cavities that decrease the wetted hull surface and hence its frictional drag. In realistic sea wave conditions, however, these cavities become unsteady and may easily disintegrate upon interaction with high-amplitude abnormal waves. In this study, the air-cavity dynamics in such situations is simulated with a potential flow model and empirical correlations. A method for controlling the air cavity by varying the air supply rate is numerically investigated. It is shown that degradation of the air-cavity power savings in the event of a rogue wave passing can be partly mitigated by briefly boosting the air supply right after the abnormal wave occurrence. For one considered example, it is found that 20% of power savings is lost in a condition with abnormal waves and constant air supply. In case of temporary augmentation of air injection, the overall decrease of power savings is reduced to 10%.
Shape Optimization of a Trumpet-Tipped LVAD Inflow Cannula to Reduce Blood Damage Using a Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Nassau Christopher J. , Agarwal Ramesh K. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in the field of blood-contacting medical device design and analysis has been growing in recent years. For example, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Center of Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) has accelerated interest in industry and academia with nozzle and blood pump benchmarks to uncover best practices and to hopefully elevate the status of CFD to be applied as a safety analysis tool for medical devices. One area, not discussed as often as the pure simulation is the design optimization of hemodynamic devices. A systematic shape “optimization” should be distinguished from a simple “design improvement” by performing many flow field computations and design iterations to improve performance. In this paper, the shape optimization of a trumpet-tipped inflow cannula is presented using a single-objective genetic algorithm (GA) to minimize the blood damage. Many varying accounts in the literature have pointed to the advantages of the trumpet-tipped left ventricular assist device (LVAD) cannula for low blood damage and uniform velocity distribution with little to no backflow when compared to other shapes such as blunt, beveled and caged cannulas.