bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Qiang Xin 1 Formula Suppresses Excessive Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Responses and Microglia Activation to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Emotional Dysfunctions in Experimental Sepsis
Authors: Wang Xuerui , Xu Xiaolong , Guo Yuhong , Huang Po , Ha Yanxiang , Zhang Rui , Bai Yunjing , Cui Xuran , He Shasha , Liu Qingquan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Sepsis commonly leads to acute and long-term cognitive and affective impairments which are associated with increased mortality in patients. Neuroinflammation characterized by excessive cytokine release and immune cell activation underlies the behavioral changes associated with sepsis. We previously reported that the administration of a traditional Chinese herbal Qiang Xin 1 (QX1) formula improves survival in septic mice. This study was performed to better understand the effects and the mechanisms of QX1 formula treatment on behavioral changes in septic model. Methods: A preclinical septic model was induced by cecal ligation and puncture in mice. QX1 formula was orally administrated daily. Behavior test including Morris water maze, novel object recognition testing, elevated plus maze and open field testing was performed. Elisa, immunofluorescence, microarray analysis, and Real-time PCR were analyzed. Results: QX1 formula administration significantly improved survival, alleviated overall cognitive impairment and emotional dysfunction in septic mice. QX1 formula administration dramatically inhibited short and long-term excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine production both peripherally and centrally, and was accompanied by diminished microglial activation in septic mice. Biological processes including synaptic transmission, microglia cell activation, cytokine production, microglia cell polarization, as well as inflammatory responses related to signaling pathways including the MAPK signaling pathway and the NF-κB signaling pathway were altered prominently by QX1 formula treatment in the hippocampus of septic mice. In addition, QX1 formula administration decreased the expression of the M1 phenotype microglia gene markers such as Cd32, Socs3, and Cd68, while up-regulated M2 phenotype marker genes including Myc, Arg-1, and Cd206. Conclusions: QX1 formula administration attenuates cognitive deficits, emotional dysfunction, and reduces neuroinflammatory responses to improve survival in septic mice. Diminished microglial activation and altered microglial polarization are involved in the neuroprotective mechanism of QX1 formula.
Multi-strain Probiotic Increases the Gut Microbiota Diversity in Obese Pregnant Women: Results from a Randomized, Double-blind Placebo-controlled Study
Authors: Halkjær Sofie Ingdam , Knegt Victoria Elisabeth de , Lo Bobby , Nilas Lisbeth , Cortes Dina , Pedersen Anders Elm , Mirsepasi-Lauridsen Hengameh Chloé , Andersen Lee O'Brien , Nielsen Henrik Vedel , Stensvold Christen Rune , Johannesen Thor Bech , Kallemose Thomas , Krogfelt Karen Angeliki , Petersen Andreas Munk 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Maternal obesity is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Probiotic supplementation during pregnancy may have positive effects on blood glucose, gestational weight gain (GWG), and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The primary aim was to determine the feasibility of probiotic intervention in obese pregnant women from the early second trimester until delivery. The secondary aim was to investigate the effect of daily probiotic supplementation on GWG, maternal glucose homeostasis, infant birthweight, and maternal gut microbiota. We carried out a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study in 50 obese pregnant women. Participants were randomly allocated to two treatment groups, multi-strain probiotic [Vivomixx®] or placebo at 14–20 weeks of gestation until delivery. Participants were followed with two pre-delivery visits at gestational week 27-30 and 36-37 and with one post-delivery visit 2-3 days after birth. All visits included blood and fecal sampling. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed at inclusion and gestational week 27-30. Results: Forty-nine participants completed the study. Thirty-eight participants took more than 80% of the Vivomixx® capsules (n=21), placebo (n=17). There was no significant difference in HbA1c levels and the occurrence of GDM between groups. There was no significant difference in GWG and infant birth weight between groups in intention to treat analysis. There was, however, a lower mean GWG (11.9 vs 13.0 kg) and lower mean infant birthweight (3554 vs 3658 g) in the probiotic group in the per protocol analysis, due to sample size this difference did not reach statistical significance. Fecal microbiota analyses showed an overall increase in α-diversity over time in the Vivomixx® group only (p=0.016). Conclusions: Administration of probiotics during pregnancy is feasible in obese women. Multi-strain probiotic can modulate the gut microbiota in obese women during pregnancy. A larger study population is needed to uncover whether the results regarding lower GWG and infant birth weight after probiotic supplementation are significant. Trial registration: ClincalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02508844, registered on May 11, 2015.
The MADS transcription factor GhAP1 coordinates the flowering regulatory pathway in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Cheng Xiaoqian , Wang Hantao , Wei Hengling , Gu Lijiao , Hao Pengbo , Sun Huiru , Wu Aimin , Cheng Shuaishuai , Hua Jinping , Yu Shuxun 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: MADS-box gene family plays an important role in the molecular regulatory network of flower development. APETAL1 (AP1), a MADS-box gene, plays an important role in the development of flower organs. Although many studies about MADS-box family genes have been reported, the function of AP1 is still not clear in cotton.
Results: In this study, GhAP1 (Gh_D03G0922), a candidate gene for cotton flower time and plant height obtained from our previous studies, was cloned from CCRI50 cotton variety and functionally characterized. Subcellular localization demonstrated that GhAP1 was located in nucleus. Infection test of Arabidopsis revealed that GhAP1 could cause precocious flowering and virus-induced gene silence (VIGS) assay demonstrated that GhAP1 could lead to delayed flowering of cotton plants. Yeast one-hybrid assays and transient dual-luciferase assays suggested that floral meristem identity control gene LEAFY (LFY) can bind the promoter of GhAP1 and negatively regulate it. Yeast two-hybrid assays suggested that GhAP1 can interact with pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transferases superfamily protein PSAT2.
Conclusions: Our research indicated that GhAP1 might work as a positive regulator in plant flowering. Moreover, GhAP1 may interact with GhPSAT2 and be negatively regulated by GhLFY in the regulatory pathways. This work laid the foundation for subsequent functional studies of GhAP1.
Physical activity and exercise interventions for people with rare neurological disorders: a scoping review of systematic reviews
Authors: Buscemi Valentina , Boaz Annette , Dawes Helen , Jaki Thomas , Jones Fiona , Lowe Rachel , Marsden Jonathan , Paul Lorna , Playle Rebecca , Randell Elizabeth , Robling Mike , Rochester Lynne , Busse Monica , Ramdharry Gita 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: People living with rare neurological conditions (RNCs) often face common physical, cognitive and psychological challenges that lead to reduced physical activity and associated deconditioning. Physical activity interventions are routinely utilised to address disease specific limitations with the intention of promoting participation in people with RNCs. This scoping review aimed to synthesise the body of evidence for such interventions as they are applied across a wide range of RNCs. Methods: We undertook a scoping review of systematic reviews of any type of physical activity and exercise interventions for adults with neuromuscular diseases, motor neurone disease, Huntington’s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple system atrophy, inherited ataxias and hereditary spastic paraplegia. The reviews were included if they reported at least one outcome that aimed to increase physical activity level at either the body structure/function, activity and/or participation levels. Results: Sixty-two articles were full-text screened of which 27 were included. Most studies involved interventions in people with neuromuscular diseases. No reviews of interventions in hereditary spastic paraparesis were identified. The majority of reviews included studies of structured exercise using outcome measures at the level of body function and functional activity. Interventions were grouped as: i) combined interventions; ii) muscle strength training; iii) respiratory training; iv) aerobic training. Frequency, intensity, time and type of structured exercise utilised varied considerably across studies. Most studies were methodologically limited by small sample sizes, variation in exercise dose and training duration.Conclusions: To date, primary attention has been given to structured exercise interventions, which have demonstrated to have a low to uncertain level of evidence. Novel approaches to implementing common interventions and modalities are needed to increase accessibility and engagement in physical activity irrespective of disease type. Further exploration is warranted to achieve consensus on outcome measures that reflect areas of importance and relevance to people with RNCs.
Is Fear of Movement (FoM) in sports related activities a latent trait?: the item response model applied to the Photographic Series of Sports Activities for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture (PHOSA-ACLR).
Authors: Lankveld Wim van , Pat-El Ron J. , Melick Nicky van , Cingel Robert van , Staal J. Bart 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Fear of Movement is an important factor predicting return to sports in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR). Fear for specific ACLR related movements can be addressed measuring the Photographic Sports Activities for ACLR (PHOSA-ACLR). This study was conducted to determine whether Fear of Movement assessed using the PHOSA-ACLR is a latent trait, and to analyse differences in PHOSA-ACLR in athletes with or without an ACL rupture. Methods: Data from three groups of participants were included in this study: 1) ACLR patients participated in a previous study measuring psychological dimensions after ACLR (n = 58 ); 2) first year physical therapy students at the HAN University of Applied Sciences (n = 169), and 3) junior football players that were enrolled in a training programme of the Professional Soccer club Vitesse (Arnhem) (n = 30). All participants completed the PHOSA-ACLR (scale score 0-10), and questions related to demographics. ACLR patients completed additional questionnaires to assess functioning and Fear of Harm. PHOSA-ACLR items were analysed with Item Response Theory using the Graded Response Model (GRM). Differences between three groups of participants were analysed using Univariate Analysis of Variance. Results: The two-parameter GRM with both location and discrimination (-2LL = -5485.05) showed a significantly better fit than the one-parameter model (-2LL = -5515.36), (1) = 30.31, p = 0.00). The items of the PHOSA-ACLR thus constitute a latent trait. The three groups of participants differed in reported fear of movement assessed with the PHOSA-ACLR after controlling for covariates gender and age. Physical therapy students reported higher levels of fear of movement compared to either ACLR patients and healthy soccer players (respectively 4.9 (95%CI 4.6-5.3); 3.6 (95%CI 2.5-3.7); 2.6 (95%CI 1.6-3.6)). Conclusion: PHOSA-ACLR items constitute a latent trait of fear of movement for ACLR specific movements. Contrary to expectations, PHOSA-ACLR is higher in first year physiotherapy students compared to patients rehabilitating from ACLR, and healthy junior soccer players. The PHOSA-ACLR might be useful for clinicians to identify high levels of fear of movement related to ACLR, and provide a tool to help the patient overcome fear of movement using exposure techniques.
Deterioration of spinal sagittal alignment exposes latent cognitive impairment in the general older population: A Japanese cohort survey randomly sampled from a basic resident registry
Authors: Nishimura Hikaru , Ikegami Shota , Uehara Masashi , Takahashi Jun , Tokida Ryosuke , Sakai Ayaka , Sakai Noriko , Kato Hiroyuki 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: This study investigated the impact of spinal sagittal alignment on cognitive function in the general older population using a Japanese population cohort constructed from random sampling of the basic resident registry of a rural town.Methods: Registered citizens of 50 to 89 years old were targeted for this survey. Participants were classified into 8 groups based on age (50's, 60's, 70's, or 80's) and sex (male or female) after random sampling from the resident registry of a cooperating town in 2014. A total of 413 subjects (203 male and 210 female) were enrolled. We analyzed the distribution of cognitive function test scores determined as by Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini-Mental State Examination in each age and sex group to assess the impact of radiographic parameters of spinal sagittal alignment on cognitive function tests.Results: Cognitive function test results tended to decrease with age. Among groups of the same age and sex, cognitive function worsened significantly with poorer spinal alignment. In particular, increases in sagittal vertical axis or global tilt by 1 degree of standard deviation were significantly related to mild cognitive impairment (odds ratio: both 1.4).Conclusions: Spinal alignment deterioration indicated cognitive function decline in Japanese older people of the same age and sex. Thus, a forward shift in sagittal spinal balance may be regarded as a visible indicator of latent mild cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older people.
On‐farm Performance and Farmers’ Perceptions of DroughtTEGO‐Climate‐Smart Maize Hybrids in Kenya
Authors: Obunyali Caleb Omwibali , Karanja James , Oikeh Sylvester Ojo , Omanya Gospel Oluoch , Mugo Stephen , Beyene Yoseph , Oniang'o Ruth Khasaya 
Published: December 2019

Maize (Zea mays L.) productivity in the sub‐Saharan Africa is constrained by biotic and abiotic stresses that reduce yield. In the region, one of the most serious abiotic factor is frequent intermittent droughts, which has been attributed to climate change. The purpose of this paper was to use on‐farm demonstration studies and farmer field days to demonstrate new drought mitigation technology and provide information on how small farmers can reduce yield losses. A total of 4814 demonstration plots of 39 DroughtTEGO maize hybrids and 19 commercial check hybrids were established in 17 counties across the low‐to‐mid‐altitude maize‐growing agroecologies of Kenya between 2015 and 2017. A total of 246 field‐day workshops were conducted. Combined analyses across years and locations showed that top five DroughtTEGO hybrids increased maize yields 33 to 54% (5.5–6.3 Mg ha−1) relative to conventional hybrids. The highest yield advantage of DroughtTEGO hybrids over commercial checks was observed in the drier lower eastern region in Kenya. Farmers particularly women, preferred the DroughtTEGO hybrids because of the stay‐green character, whiteness of flour (milling quality), root lodging resistance, drought‐tolerance and shelling percentage. Results from this study suggested that smallholder farmers can reduce the impact of drought by seeding drought‐tolerant maize hybrids.Core Ideas

High yields and farmer‐preferred traits determine adoption of new varieties.
Conducting on‐farm demonstrations can overcome adoption barriers.
Planting of drought‐tolerant hybrids mitigates drought stress for smallholder‐farmers.
Effect of Rebar on Ductility of Moment-resisting Frame with Concrete-filled Tube Column
Authors: Amini Alireza B. , Palangsaraee Saman M. 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Today, many developed countries use the Concrete-Filled Steel tube columns (CFT) to construct high-rise building and bridge piers.

Objective:
This paper investigates the effect of rebar inside the concrete core of CFT columns.

Materials and Methods:
For this purpose, the structural performance of three two-span frames is evaluated with ABAQUS software. The frames vary based on the presence or absence of rebar within the concrete core, so that the first model has no rebar, the second model has less rebar, and the third model has more rebar inside the concrete core.

Results and Conclusion:
The observations from the hysteresis curves obtained from the analyses suggest the more ductile behavior, greater stiffness, and higher energy dissipation potential in the third model relative to the other two models, so that the third model has about 24% more energy absorption capacity than the case without the rebar.
Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Infusion, as Opioid-Sparing Strategy, in Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Fiore Marco , Alfieri Aniello , Passavanti Maria B. , Battimelli Anna , Gatani Alessia , Mangoni Giuseppe , Simeon Vittorio , Chiodini Paolo , Pace Maria C. 
Published: December 2019

Introduction:Although there are multiple analgesia techniques, opioids remain the most widely used drug for pain control. Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV), sleepiness, respiratory, and gastrointestinal disorder are common complications of postoperative opioid use, which makes the decrease in opioid demand, through combination with non-opioid agents, desirable. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is an alpha2-adrenergic agonist with sedative and anxiolytic effects. Recently, some studies proved the evidence of its notable opioid-sparing effect. Furthermore DEX, compared to opioids, seems to have the advantage of not inhibiting spontaneous breathing.Aim:This systematic review protocol aims to define the analgesic effect of perioperative DEX infusion and the cumulative opioid consumption of patients undergoing general anesthesia.Methods:The review will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis Protocols (PRISMA- P) statement and the Cochrane recommendations for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.Results:The primary outcomes will be 1) The effect of DEX infusion, on pain control, compared to placebo or other treatments and 2) The opioid-sparing effect of DEX infusion compared to placebo or other treatments. The secondary outcome will be a) Respiratory depression, b) Hypotension requiring fluid infusion and/or amine, c) Bradycardia requiring vasoactive drugs, d) Needing of prolonged hospital stay, e) PONV and gastrointestinal disorders.Conclusion:A sub-analysis is planned for i) The type of surgery performed, ii) Patient’s gender, iii) Patients age. If possible, a meta- analysis (including sub-analysis and sensitivity analysis for all assessed outcomes) will be performed. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach will be followed to create a Summary of Findings.The Registration Number for this Systematic Review is CRD42018086687.
Upaya peningkatan kemandirian belajar siswa dengan model problem-based learning berbantuan media Edmodo
Authors: Aulia Lisa Nur , Susilo Susilo , Subali Bambang 
Published: December 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemandirian belajar siswa dengan menerapkan model pembelajaaran problem based learning yang dibantu dengan media edmodo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one grup pretest posttest. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI penjurusan MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Demak tahun ajaran 2017/2018. Aspek kemandirian yang diteliti meliputi aspek persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket kemandirian belajar, wawancara terhadap siswa dengan kemandirian rendah, sedang, dan tinggi, angket respon siswa, dan lembar keterlaksanaan pembelajaran untuk mengetahui tingkat keefektifan penerapan model problem based learning berbantuan edmodo. Berdasarkan analisis hasil penelitian tingkat keefektifan pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan model problem based learning berbantuan edmodo adalah 94,11%. Peningkatan kemandirian belajar diketahui dengan menggunakan uji n-gain didapatkan hasil sebesar 0,32 dengan kriteria sedang. Peningkatan kemandirian yang paling optimal terjadi pada indikator evaluasi kegiatan belajar dan penarikan kesimpulan pengalaman belajar. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan aplikasi edmodo dalam pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan kemandirian belajar siswa. Efforts to increase student self-regulated learning with problem-based learning model use Edmodo AbstractThe purpose of this study is to improve students' self-regulated learning by applying model problem based learning use edmodo. The research method is experimental method with one group pretest posttest research design. The subjects of the study were the students of science class grade XI of SMA Negeri 1 Demak academic year 2017/2018. The aspects of self-regulated learning examined include aspects of preparation, implementation, and evaluation. Data collection techniques used questionnaire of self-regulated learning, interviews of students with low, middle, and high self-regulated learning, student response questionnaires, and learning activity sheet to determine the level of effectiveness of the implementation of problem-based learning model use edmodo. Based on the analysis of research results, the effectiveness level of learning implementation with problem based learning model use edmodo is 94.11%. Increased learning independence is known by using the n-gain test results obtained by 0.32 with middle criteria. The most optimal improvement of independence occurs in indicators of evaluation of learning activities and conclusions of learning experiences. So it can be concluded that the use of edmodo applications in learning can improve student’s self-regulated learning.