bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the effect of epicardial adipose tissue thickness on cardiac conduction system in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Güney Ahmet Yasin , Şap Fatih , Eklioğlu Beray Selver , Oflaz Mehmet Burhan , Atabek Mehmet Emre , Baysal Tamer 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Investigation of the association between epicardial adipose tissue thickness (EATT) and P-wave dispersion (Pd), QT dispersion (QTd), corrected QT dispersion (QTcd) and Tp-e interval in children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) was aimed.

Methods
Forty-one children with T1DM and 41 age- and gender-matched healthy children were included in the study. Demographical characteristics of all cases were examined. In echocardiography; in addition to conventional echocardiographic measurements, end-systolic EATT was measured from right ventricular free wall. In electrocardiogram; Pd, QTd, QTcd and Tp-e interval durations, as well as Tp-e/QT and Tp-e/QTc ratios were calculated. Correlation values between EATT and electrocardiographic parameters were also noted.

Results
Mean age of the patient group was determined to be 12.43 ± 3.04 years and that of the control group was determined to be 12.08 ± 2.56 years. There was no significant difference between the groups in regard to age, gender, body weight, height and body mass index. In the patient group; EATT, Pd, QTd, QTcd and Tp-e interval were determined to be significantly higher compared to the control group. In the patient group, no significant correlation was determined between EATT and Pd, QTd, QTcd and Tp-e. However, when both patient and control groups were evaluated together, a statistically significant positive correlation was determined between EATT and Pd, QTd, QTcd and Tp-e.

Conclusions
In children with T1DM, an increase in epicardial adipose tissue thickness and in risk of cardiac arrhythmias has been demonstrated. To reveal the possible unfavorable effects of EATT on cardiac conduction system in T1DM patients needs further studies.
The correlation of fetal cardiac function with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and oxidative stress levels
Authors: Jatavan Phudit , Lerthiranwong Thitikarn , Sekararithi Rattanaporn , Jaiwongkam Thidarat , Kumfu Sirinart , Chattipakorn Nipon , Tongsong Theera 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe primary objective of this study was to compare the fetal cardiac performance index (Tei index) between the fetuses of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mothers and non-GDM mothers; and the secondary objective was to compare various other parameters of fetal cardiac function as well as maternal oxidative stress levels between the groups of GDM and non-GDM mothers.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women at 24–28 weeks of gestation. All of the participants underwent 100 g, 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as a diagnostic test for GDM and were categorized as non-GDM and GDM group. All participants had fetal echocardiography performed for cardiac function, and then maternal blood samples were collected for biomarker measurements.ResultsA total of 80 pregnant women, including 43 in the GDM group and 37 in the non-GDM group, were included in the study. The maternal serum 8-isoprostane (8IsoP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-10 levels were significantly higher in the GDM group than those in the non-GDM group (P: 0.028, P: 0.019 and P: 0.031, respectively). The fetal cardiac function parameters were not significantly different between the two groups. Regardless of the GDM status, the fetuses with high levels of oxidative stress (8Isop ≥1000 pg/mg protein) had a significantly higher rate of impaired shortening fraction (SF) of the left ventricle (P: 0.001).ConclusionGDM is significantly associated with an increase in the oxidative stress process, and a high level of oxidative stress was significantly associated with left ventricular (LV) function impairment. Though a correlation between GDM and fetal cardiac function impairment was not clearly demonstrated in this study, this study suggests that GDM patients with a high level of oxidative stress should be evaluated for fetal cardiac function.
Monitoring the incidence, duration and distribution of hyperglycaemia in very-low-birth-weight newborns and identifying associated factors
Authors: Fernández-Martínez María del mar , Gómez-Llorente José Luis , Momblán-Cabo Jerónimo , Martin-González Manuel , Calvo-Bonachera María , Olvera-Porcel María , Bonillo-Perales Antonio 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Hyperglycaemia is a common metabolic disorder in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The objective is to describe the incidence, duration, episodes and distribution of hyperglycaemia during the first 7 days of life of VLBW infants.

Methods
This is a prospective cohort study of 60 newborns weighing <1,500 g. Blood glucose levels were monitored with a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) during the first 7 days of life. Hyperglycaemia was defined as glucose ≥180 mg/dL (≥10 mmol/L).

Results
Incidence of hyperglycaemia recorded with the CGMS was 36.6% (95%CI: 24.6–50.1). In almost 74.6±5.48% of these cases the duration of the episode exceeded 30 min and in 45.25% (95%CI: 2.26–57.82) it exceeded 2 h. The condition occurred most frequently during the first 72 h of life. One-fifth of cases were not detected with scheduled capillary tests and 84.6% of these had hyperglycaemic episode durations of 30 min or more. Agreement between the two techniques was very good (r=0.90, p<0.001) and the CGMS proved to be reliable, accurate and safe. Hyperglycaemia detected by a CGMS is associated with lower gestational age (OR: 0.66, p=0.002), lower birth weight (OR: 0.99, p=0.003), the use of ionotropic drugs (OR: 11.07, p=0.005) and death (OR: 10.59, p=0.03), and is more frequent in preterm infants with sepsis (OR: 2.73, p=0.1). No other association was observed.

Conclusions
A CGMS could be useful during the first week of life in VLBW infants due to the high incidence and significant duration of hyperglycaemia and the high proportion of cases that remain undetected. The advantage of the CGMS is that it is able to detect hyperglycaemic episodes that the capillary test does not.
COVID-19 and pregnancy – where are we now? A review
Authors: Rajewska Aleksandra , Mikołajek-Bedner Wioletta , Lebdowicz-Knul Joanna , Sokołowska Małgorzata , Kwiatkowski Sebastian , Torbé Andrzej 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe new acute respiratory disease severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is highly contagious. It has caused many deaths, despite a relatively low general case fatality rate (CFR). The most common early manifestations of infection are fever, cough, fatigue and myalgia. The diagnosis is based on the exposure history, clinical manifestation, laboratory test results, chest computed tomography (CT) findings and a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on pregnancy is not already clear. There is no evidence that pregnant women are more susceptible than the general population. In the third trimester, COVID-19 can cause premature rupture of membranes, premature labour and fetal distress. There are no data on complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection before the third trimester. COVID-19 infection is an indication for delivery if necessary to improve maternal oxygenation. Decision on delivery mode should be individualised. Vertical transmission of coronavirus from the pregnant woman to the fetus has not been proven. As the virus is absent in breast milk, the experts encourage breastfeeding for neonatal acquisition of protective antibodies.
Typological shift in lexicalizing motion events: The case of Wenzhou
Authors: Lin Jingxia 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Typological shift in lexicalizing motion events has hitherto been observed cross-linguistically. While over time, Chinese has shown a shift from a dominantly verb-framed language in Old Chinese to a strongly satellite-framed language in Modern Standard Mandarin, this study presents the Chinese dialect Wenzhou, which has taken a step further than Standard Mandarin and other Chinese dialects in becoming a thoroughly satellite-framed language. On the one hand, Wenzhou strongly disfavors the verb-framed pattern. Wenzhou not only has no prototypical path verbs, but also its path satellites are highly deverbalized. On the other hand, Wenzhou strongly prefers the satellite-framed pattern, to the extent that it very frequently adopts a neutral motion verb to head motion expressions so that path can be expressed via satellites and the satellite-framed pattern can be syntactically maintained. The findings of this study are of interest to intra-linguistic, diachronic and cross-linguistic studies of the variation in encoding motion events.
An index of teaching performance based on students’ feedback
Authors: Marozzi Marco , Chowdhury Shovan 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Evaluation of teaching performance of faculty members, on the basis of students’ feedback, is routinely performed by almost all tertiary education institutions.
Objective assessment of faculty members requires a comprehensive index of teaching performance.
A composite indicator is proposed to assess teaching performance of faculty members.
It is based on the combination of several items evaluated by students such as punctuality, communication ability and subject coverage.
Robustness of the indicator is assessed applying uncertainty analysis.
An application to a data set from an Indian institution is presented.
It is shown that the proposed index can be used to rank faculty members from the least to the worst performer according to students’ feedback.
Multilevel Monte Carlo methods and lower–upper bounds in initial margin computations
Authors: Bourgey Florian , De Marco Stefano , Gobet Emmanuel , Zhou Alexandre 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method developed by M. B. Giles [Multilevel Monte Carlo path simulation, Oper. Res. 56 2008, 3, 607–617] has a natural application to the evaluation of nested expectations

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Apart from the pricing of American-type derivatives, such computations arise in a large variety of risk valuations (VaR or CVaR of a portfolio, CVA), and in the assessment of margin costs for centrally cleared portfolios.
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We analyze the properties of corresponding MLMC estimators, for which we provide results of asymptotic optimality; at the technical level, we have to deal with limited regularity of the outer function g (which might fail to be everywhere differentiable).
Parallel to this, we investigate upper and lower bounds for nested expectations as above, in the spirit of primal-dual algorithms for stochastic control problems.
Albion an Holsteins Küsten?Der preußische Generalstab und die Furcht vor einer britischen Landung in Norddeutschland und Dänemark, 1905–1914
Authors: Grawe Lukas 
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung
Seit dem Herbst 1905 befürchtete die deutsche Militärführung britische Landungen in Schleswig-Holstein oder Dänemark. Ein britisches Korps könnte zur Unterstützung Frankreichs an Deutschlands Nordflanke landen, den Nordostseekanal unterbrechen und auf Kiel und Hamburg vorstoßen. Tatsächlich glaubte der Große Generalstab lange daran, die »Nordoption« sei der britischen Militärführung weitaus sympathischer als eine Landung in Frankreich. Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, welche Auswirkungen diese Ansichten auf das Handeln des preußisch-deutschen Generalstabs sowie auf dessen Einschätzung eines britischen Kriegsbeitrags hatten. Beleuchtet werden dabei militär‑, außen‑, innen‑ und wirtschaftspolitische Aspekte.
Die (un)mögliche Messung des allgemeinen Rechtsgefühls
Authors: Christoph Stephan 
Published: May 2020

ZusammenfassungDem Rechtsgefühl der Bevölkerung wird für rechtliche Entscheidungen kaum Bedeutung beigemessen. Dennoch wird in kriminalpolitischen Debatten und auch im Gesetz selbst nicht selten auf die Anschauungen der Allgemeinheit (jedenfalls implizit) abgestellt. Die empirische Erforschung des Rechtsempfindens ist problematisch. Es bestehen noch immer unterschiedliche Vorstellungen darüber, was unter dem Begriff zu verstehen ist und welche Forschungsfragen er umfasst. Auch zeichnet sich der Untersuchungsgegenstand bei näherer Betrachtung durch eine hohe Individualität, Komplexität und Wandelbarkeit aus. Der vorliegende Beitrag möchte Denkanstöße zu Inhalt und Funktionsweise des Rechtsgefühls liefern und so einen Impuls für die weitere Erforschung dieser Thematik setzen. Zudem soll mithilfe von Daten aus einer Studierendenbefragung zur sog. Kronzeugenregelung des § 46 b StGB gezeigt werden, dass man sich allgemeinen Bevölkerungseinstellungen – trotz zahlreicher methodischer Schwierigkeiten – zumindest annähern können dürfte. Hier eröffnen sich neue und attraktive Forschungsfelder für die empirische Kriminologie.
Strafhärteskalierung
Authors: Behnsen Mira 
Published: May 2020

Zusammenfassung
Im Bereich der Strafzumessungsforschung ist es erforderlich, die unterschiedlichen Sanktionsarten vergleichbar zu machen und auf einer einheitlichen Strafhärteskala abzubilden. Dieser Artikel gibt zunächst einen Überblick über die bisher erstellten Strafhärteskalen, die entweder ad hoc gesetzt, empirisch ermittelt oder logarithmisch skaliert wurden. In Deutschland gibt es bisher lediglich eine empirisch ermittelte Strafhärteskala, die zudem nur für Geldstrafen und Freiheitsstrafen bis zu zwei Jahren Gültigkeit für sich beanspruchen kann. Der Bereich hoher Freiheits- und Jugendstrafen ist empirisch nicht abgedeckt. Der hier vorgelegte empirische Skalierungsansatz soll einen Beitrag dazu leisten, diese Lücke zu schließen. Richterinnen und Richter an Landgerichten wurden zu ihrer Strafhärteeinschätzung befragt, und die gewonnenen Daten wurden mittels Magnitude-Skalierung skaliert. Die Studie ergab für alle vier untersuchten Sanktionsarten (Freiheitsstrafe mit und ohne Bewährung sowie Jugendstrafe mit und ohne Bewährung) Potenzfunktionen, mithilfe derer jeder ausgeurteilten Sanktion ein Härtewert zugewiesen werden kann.
Luck, Nature and Institutions
Authors: Stark Cynthia A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn addition to having an institutionalsiteorscope, a theory of distributive justice might also have an institutional‘reach’orcurrency. It has the first when it applies to only social (and not natural) phenomena. It has the second when it distributes only socially produced (and not naturally occurring) goods. One objection to luck egalitarianism is that it has absurd implications. In response, Tan has defended a luck egalitarian account that has a strictly institutional reach. I argue, first, that Tan’s view contains two fatal ambiguities and, second, that, to be sound, it requires an institutional currency. This second argument implies that virtually all extant luck egalitarian currencies are incompatible with his approach. I argue, third, that the alleged absurd implications often have little to do with the extent of luck egalitarianism’s reach.
On a system of three difference equations of higher order solved in terms of Lucas and Fibonacci numbers
Authors: Khelifa Amira , Halim Yacine , Bouchair Abderrahmane , Berkal Massaoud 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this paper we give some theoretical explanations related to the representation for the general solution of the system of the higher-order rational difference equationsxn+1=1+2yn−k3+yn−k,yn+1=1+2zn−k3+zn−k,zn+1=1+2xn−k3+xn−k,$$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle x_{n+1} = \dfrac{1+2y_{n-k}}{3+y_{n-k}},\qquad y_{n+1} = \dfrac{1+2z_{n-k}}{3+z_{n-k}},\qquad z_{n+1} = \dfrac{1+2x_{n-k}}{3+x_{n-k}}, \end{array}$$wheren,k∈ ℕ0, the initial valuesx−k,x−k+1, …,x0,y−k,y−k+1, …,y0,z−k,z−k+1, …,z1andz0are arbitrary real numbers do not equal −3. This system can be solved in a closed-form and we will see that the solutions are expressed using the famous Fibonacci and Lucas numbers.
Jointly separating maps between vector-valued function spaces
Authors: Pourghobadi Ziba , Tavani Masoumeh Najafi , Sady Fereshteh 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLetXandYbe compact Hausdorff spaces,Ebe a real or complex Banach space andFbe a real or complex locally convex topological vector space. In this paper we study a pair of linear operatorsS,T:A(X,E) →C(Y,F) from a subspaceA(X,E) ofC(X,E) toC(Y,F), which are jointly separating, in the sense thatTfandSghave disjoint cozeros wheneverfandghave disjoint cozeros. We characterize the general form of such maps between certain classes of vector-valued (as well as scalar-valued) spaces of continuous functions including spaces of vector-valued Lipschitz functions, absolutely continuous functions and continuously differentiable functions. The results can be applied to a pairT:A(X) →C(Y) andS:A(X,E) →C(Y,F) of linear operators, whereA(X) is a regular Banach function algebra onX, such thatf⋅g= 0 impliesTf⋅Sg= 0, for allf∈A(X) andg∈A(X,E). IfTandSare jointly separating bijections between Banach algebras of scalar-valued functions of this class, then they induce a homeomorphism betweenXandYand, furthermore,T−1andS−1are also jointly separating maps.
Numerical simulation of variable thermal conductivity on 3D flow of nanofluid over a stretching sheet
Authors: Tarakaramu Nainaru , Narayana P.V. Satya , Venkateswarlu Bhumarapu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe present investigation deals with the steady three-dimensional flow and heat transfer of nanofluids due to stretching sheet in the presence of magnetic field and heat source. Three types of water based nanoparticles namely, copper (Cu), aluminium oxide (Al2O3), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) are considered in this study. The temperature dependent variable thermal conductivity and thermal radiation has been introduced in the energy equation. Using suitable similarity transformations the dimensional non-linear expressions are converted into dimensionless system and are then solved numerically by Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg scheme along with well-known shooting technique. The impact of various flow parameters on axial and transverse velocities, temperature, surface frictional coefficients and rate of heat transfer coefficients are visualized both in qualitative and quantitative manners in the vicinity of stretching sheet. The results reviled that the temperature and velocity of the fluid rise with increasing values of variable thermal conductivity parameter. Also, the temperature and normal velocity of the fluid in case of Cu-water nanoparticles is more than that of Al2O3- water nanofluid. On the other hand, the axial velocity of the fluid in case of Al2O3- water nanofluid is more than that of TiO2nanoparticles. In addition, the current outcomes are matched with the previously published consequences and initiate to be a good contract as a limiting sense.
MHD fractionalized Jeffrey fluid over an accelerated slipping porous plate
Authors: Jamil Muhammad , Haleem Abdul 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe primary target of this paper is to obtain the analytic solutions for the incompressible unsteady flow of fractionalized MHD Jeffrey fluid over an accelerating porous plate with linear slip effect is assumed between fluid and the plate. The governing equations of Jeffrey fluid are developed by fractional calculus approach. The velocity distribution and its corresponding shear stress both are obtained in terms of generalized M-function by using Laplace transform technique and considering all initial and boundary conditions. We have also discussed that obtained results of fractionalized MHD Jeffrey fluid for different cases for instance, with and without slip effects, with and without MHD and porosity effects. The influence of the different parameters affected on the flow characteristic is deliberated with the help of graphs. Finally, the analysis among different fluid models exhibits by graphical illustrations.
An experimental study on one-step and two-step foaming of natural rubber/silica nanocomposites
Authors: Bayat Hossein , Fasihi Mohammad , Zare Yasser , Rhee Kyong Yop 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe curing and cellular structure of natural rubber (NR)/silica composite foams were investigated. The presence of an activator in the rubber formulation significantly lowered the decomposition temperature of the azodicarbonamide foaming agent, which allowed foaming before NR curing. Therefore, two foam methods were designed: foaming initially at 90°C and then curing at 140°C, and foaming and curing simultaneously at 140°C. Two-step foaming generated a lower cell density and higher cell size. Incorporation of nano silica into NR increased the foam density, but decreased the cell size. The higher foaming temperature restricted the bubble growth because of a higher curing rate and inhibited cell coalescence.
Transnational cooperation to develop local barley to beer value
chains
Authors: Halland Hilde , Martin Peter , Dalmannsdóttir Sigridur , Sveinsson Sæmundur , Djurhuus Rólvur , Thomsen Mette , Wishart John , Reykdal Ólafur 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Transnational cooperation is a common strategy for addressing research and
development (R&D) issues resulting from similar challenges that cut across
administrative borders. Value chains for food and drinks are complex, and
transdisciplinary work is recognised as a method for solving complex issues. The
Northern Cereals project ran from 2015 to 2018, and its goal was to increase cereal
production and the value of grain products in four regions in the Northern Periphery
programme area. The project included both R&D, but the main emphasis was on
development, and was carried out by transdisciplinary cooperation between R&D
partners and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). By reviewing the
project’s methods, outcomes and composition, we discuss if a framework of
transnational and transdisciplinary cooperation can help to develop the value chain
from local barley to beer. We found that transnational cooperation was achieved
successfully, that stakeholder involvement was crucial, but that academic disciplines
such as marketing and innovation could have been included. In addition, we recognised
that much work remains to further increase cereal production and the use of local
grain in the Northern Periphery region, but believe that this project has laid a good
foundation for further progress.
Polarization and Local Conflicts in Post Decentralization Indonesia
Authors: Azis Iwan J. , Pratama Alvin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractExploring the hypothesis that socio-economic discrimination contributes to conflict occurrence, we show that the experience of a large country that have gone through a big-bang shift from centralized to decentralized system and introduced direct local elections, confirms the link. Using the case of Indonesia, and by controlling for poverty, demand-induced resource scarcity, and institutional variables, it is revealed that income polarization and inequality at the provincial level explain the occurrence of violent conflict (causing at least 1 death), be it for total or for different types. The results are robust to a series of model specifications. For understanding its impact on conflict, polarization is found more important than income inequality as a measure of socio-economic discrimination.
Invocazione al “signore dell’anima che sempre vive”: Melanipp.PMG762
Authors: Ercoles Marco 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn Melanipp.PMG762 the reading βροτῶν (v. 1) of the MSS can be retained. The god invoked as “lord of the everlasting soul” (v. 2), generally identified with Dionysus-Zagreus, can be rather recognized as the Orphic Zeus.