bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal and stable energetic operation of wind power systems at variable wind speed
Authors: Chioncel C P , Murarescu C , Dudu M , Tirian O G 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the present paper we analyse the stable and optimal operation of wind power systems, WPS, composed of wind turbines, TV, coupled with synchronous generators with permanent magnets (SGPM), high power SGPM in the Dobrogea area, 4MW turbines manufactured at General Electric. Based on the experimental data, the wind turbine models MM-WT and the MM-SGPM permanent magnet synchronous generator are determined. Using these mathematical models, simulations are made of rapid variations in wind speed over time and the conditions for stable and energy-efficient EEA operation are highlighted. It mainly analyses the evolutions in time of power and speed from the generator, in direct connection with the change in wind speed over time. At the end of the paper is given a power calculation algorithm at SGPM, based on wind velocity measurements and VUM, ω, so that the operation is stable and energy optimal.
Influence of meteorological factors on modelling the thermal regime of a river
Authors: Neagoe A , Tică E I , Ahmad-Rashid K , Popa F , Popa B 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to determine whether the use of several parameters in a multi-linear regression equation can estimate the evolution of the water temperature. Thus, a simplified physical-based non-spatial model is designed for calculating the time variation of river water temperature. The water-to-air transfer function is constructed using the recorded environmental factors, instead the flow rate, respectively the depth of water in the riverbed, is assumed to be constant over the 31-days analysis period. A comparison between logistic relation, according to a classical proposed model and multiple linear regression with four parameters is done.
Impact of the ecological flow of some small hydropower plants on their energy production in Romania
Authors: Popa F , Dumitran G E , Vuta L I , Tica E I , Popa B , Neagoe A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In this paper, for 24 SHPPs with significant installed capacity, between 676 and 6430 kW, totalizing almost 76 MW, with installed flows between 1.3 and 80 m3/s, the energy production is evaluated without and with an ecological flow representing 35 to 4.6 % from the mean flow in SHPP intake cross section. The energy loss is evaluated and there are presented some conclusions and assumptions regarding the way to impose an increased ecological flow without affecting too much the green energy produced in SHPPs.
Fuzzy Logic Based Approach for Possibility of Road Accidents
Authors: Upadhya S Mamatha , Vinothina V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Deaths and injuries occurring from road accidents remain severe issue globally. Currently, it is estimated by the World Health Organization that deaths from road accident have increased to 1.35 million a year. This shows closely 3700 people are dying on the world’s roads each day, every year 50 millions are disabled or injured. These fatalities take a massive toll on families as well as on communities. Some of the reasons for this increase in road accidents are rapid urbanization, lack of enforcement, poor safety standards, people driving fatigued or distracted, influence of alcohol, drugs, speeding, failure to wear helmets, seat-belts etc. The fact is every one of these deaths as well as injuries can be preventable by enforcing operational measures such as safety standards for vehicles and roads. Hence, this paper analyzes the possibility of road accident for different distraction parameters.
Optimizing sowing window and cultivar choice can boost China’s maize yield under 1.5 °C and 2 °C global warming
Authors: Huang Mingxia , Wang Jing , Wang Bin , Liu De Li , Yu Qiang , He Di , Wang Na , Pan Xuebiao 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Climate change, with increased temperatures and varied rainfall, poses a great challenge to food security around the world. Appropriately assessing the impacts of climate change on crop productivity and understanding the adaptation potential of agriculture to climate change are urgently needed to help develop effective strategies for future agriculture and to maintain food security. In this study, we studied future maize yield changes under 1.5 °C (2018–2037) and 2 °C (2044–2063) warming scenarios and investigated the adaptation potential across China’s Maize Belt by optimizing the sowing date and cultivar using the APSIM-Maize model. In comparison to the baseline scenario, under the 1.5 °C and 2 °C warming scenarios, we found that without adaptation, maize yields would increase in the relatively cool regions with a single-cropping system but decrease in other regions. However, in comparison with the baseline scenario, under the 1.5 °C and 2 °C warming scenarios with adaptation, maize yields would increase by 11.1%–53.9% across the study area. Across the maize belt, compared with the baseline scenario, under warming of 1.5 °C, the potential sowing window would increase by 2–17 d, and under warming of 2 °C, this sowing window would increase by 4–26 d. The optimal sowing window would also be significantly extended in the regions with single-cropping systems by an average of 10 d under the 1.5 °C warming scenario and 12 d under the 2 °C warming scenario. Late-maturing cultivar achieved higher yield than early-middle maturing cultivars in all regions except the north part of Northeast China. Adjusting the sowing date by increasing growth-period precipitation contributed more (44.5%–96.7%) to yield improvements than shifting cultivars (0%–50.8%) and climate change (−53.1% to 23.0%) across all maize planting regions except in the wet southwestern parts of the maize belt. The differences among the maize planting regions in terms of high adaptation potential provide invaluable information for policymakers and stakeholders of maize production to set out optimized agricultural strategies to safeguard the supply of maize.
Regenerating the Identity in Historic Waterfront: A Case Study of Central Market Waterfront, Kuala Lumpur
Authors: Iqbal T , Rani W N M W M , Wahab M H 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The study focused on assessing the attributes of identity in the historic waterfront to regenerate the historic waterfront with eroding identity. Kuala Lumpur, the capital city of Malaysia, is succumbed by unprecedented urbanization in the past few decades. Thus, Sungai Klang and Sungai Gombak are overshadowed by new developments which are insensitive to the existing character and setting of the historic waterfronts. Consequently, this threatens the historic waterfront identity, even though the rivers were the starting point of Kuala Lumpur. This study aimed at assessing the factors to regenerate the identity in the historic waterfront and propose strategies that can contribute to the regeneration of identity of the area. The research methodology adopted is qualitative approach. Attributes that contribute to the identity of the historic waterfront were identified through literature review and evaluated by townscape appraisal and field observation. The area selected as the case study is the Central Market area at the historic Klang waterfront. Central Market is a Category Two Heritage building separated from water edge by the new LRT infrastructure. Historically the former wet market, Jalan Benteng and the water body created a combined genius loci for the place, as boats carried goods to and from the Central Market, forming a significant node. Key findings indicated that several attributes of identity are eroding, causing poor accessibility and legibility, poor water quality and no block permeability to extend activities. Also, the new landscape elements by ROL Project at Jalan Benteng affect the enclosure of the historic waterfront promenade. The natural and man-made landscape elements surrounding the waterfront are not coherent, does not aid in legibility to the waterfront but rather affect the meaning and association with the historic setting. The open spaces in the waterfront precinct are misused, such as the car park of Central Market, which has immense potential to be a major node. These scenarios are deteriorating the identity of the historic waterfront. Finally, the study proposed several urban design recommendations aimed at regenerating the identity in the historic waterfront.
The Removal of Organic Materials and Nutrients with Addition of Artificial Supporting Materials in The Water Body (A Case Study of Cikapayang River, Bandung City Hall)
Authors: Prayogo W , Soewondo P , Zakiyya N M , Putri D W , Muntalif B S 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Cikapayang River is a branch from Citarum River that flows across Bandung City, starting from Dago to Riau Street. Ninety percent of the community living around the river dispose of domestic wastewater directly into a water body without any treatment. This condition causes a decline in river quality. Various technological efforts have been made to enhance the water quality in the river, including efforts in dealing with pollution prevention from the source treatment in the water body. One of the technical options in providing therapy in the water body is using the filtration with supporting materials. It is hoped that through this supporting material, physical, chemical, and biological processes will occur, so that organic material and nutrients can be eliminated. In this study, removal of organic materials and nutrients was carried out by using artificial supporting materials in Cikapayang River with two different sizes, Block I is 350x15x100 cm, and Block II is 325x15x100 cm. Cikapayang River quality is classified as lightly pollute based on PI calculation. The average removal efficiency of Block I is 50% COD, 33% TSS, 23% TP, and 39% TN, meanwhile Block II has a removal efficiency of 38% COD, 30% TSS, 28% TP, and 49% TN. The difference in material surface area between the two materials causes different removal efficiency. But these results indicate that the content can be used to remove organic materials and nutrients. The addition of artificial support material in Cikapayang River can reduce IP value, from 4.74 to 3.71.
The Awareness Level of Building Owners to Conserve Cultural Heritage Area in Kotagede, Yogyakarta
Authors: Dharmasanti R , Dewi S P 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The concept of cultural heritage conservation is not only about architecture but also about people / communities who are related to cultural heritage. The local community is one of the actors who play a role in the conservation of cultural heritage areas. There are 41,7% of Kotagede's old buildings that are not maintained, damaged, and extinct. Building changes were carried out by the owner itself. Therefore, it is important to identify the level of awareness of old building owners to conserving the Kotagede area. The research method used quantitative research. The respondents in this study were the owners of the old building Kotagede. The research data were collected using a questionnaire and observation. The likert scale aims to determine the level of awareness of building owners. The results of this study indicate that the condition of building owners can affect the conservation awareness of building owners. The limited conservation information causes the owners to change the old buildings. The problem of building heritage causes owners to have doubts about the sense of ownership of old buildings. The building owners, who have a medium and low economic level, feel unable to spend on building maintenance costs. The old building was located near the modern environment so that the owners became affected, breaking the government rules, and cared less so that the authenticity of the old building forms became reduced. The conclusion of this study shows that the awareness of the owners' buildings is still at a doubt level. It means that actually, the owners already understand that it is significant to conserve their old buildings. However, they have not been able to do it optimally because there are still obstacles that hinder them.
The Position and Function of Masjid Jami’ and City Square in The Dynamics of Pekalongan Development
Authors: Astuti S P , Ulya I 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Identical to other cities in Java, Pekalongan city center is characterized by the presence of city square (alun-alun). Pendopo (palace/central government) - alun-alun (city square) – mosque are characteristic features of the Islamic Mataram city. Commonly, the square as the heart of the city is located in the middle, it is surrounded by the Jami mosque at west side of the square, the pendopo/governance office at the south side of the square, plaza at the east side of square, and settlement at the north side of square . Nowadays, the position of the pendopo in Pekalongan still remained as the beginning of its existence, but there is a change of its function especially in the square and the pendopo. The pendopo that was previously the office and official residence of the Pekalongan Regent no longer functions as before since the government of Pekalongan Regency was moved to Kajen in 2003. Furthermore, slowly but surely, the city square was switched its dominant role as an economic function, that is surrounded by stalls, culinary and fashion products sellers started from afternoon to the middle of night. In addition to the reason for the movement of the central government of Pekalongan Regency from this place to Kajen, this also happened because it was built the center of the Pekalongan city government buildings in other area (Mataram street) that is supported with the square. Therefore, a research on the position and function of Jami’ mosque and city square needs to be held, considering that in this case there were time dimensions and historical values that must be preserved in the context of urban development. This study uses a phenomenological approach. The findings of this study are the existence of Jami mosque is timeless, meanwhile the city square is needed to be revitalized so that it has functions in accordance with its era without leaving its function as a safe and comfortable public open space and having continuity with the function of the mosque.
The Distinctiveness of Plant Characteristic in Reinforcing the Place Identity for Royal Town of Kuala Kangsar, Perak
Authors: Khalid I K M , Tahir O M , Ismail N A , Muslim Z 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Plants are a valuable indicator for aesthetic-visual probity in order to manifest the type and degree of the human-nature relationship over time. The study aims to identify the distinctiveness of plant characteristics in order to reinforce townscape elements in establishing the place identity for the case study of the Royal Town of Kuala Kangsar, Perak. The study methodology involved a semi-structured interview, with purposive sampling in three categories, which is professionals, policymaker, and skilled practitioner. The results show that there is a significance between the royal plants and the distinctiveness of traditional plants which are intended to be the townscape element’s identity of the royal town of Kuala Kangsar, Perak. The findings of the study are expected to assist the city council in their town planning by proposing the plants’ character images or the identity of the royal town of Kuala Kangsar. Besides, the findings could apply a guideline for future developments in the Royal Town of Kuala Kangsar, Perak.
Resiliency of Prembaen as a Market Kampong in Inner City of Semarang
Authors: Kurniawati W , Dewi D I K , Nurini  , Rahmat R R B 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The intensification of commercial activities in the triangle area along the Pemuda, Pandanaran, and Gajahmada roads in Semarang City changed land use along the main roads and resulted in a spatial, economic, and socio-cultural transformation of the community inside the area. Based on history, the kampong behind the three main streets are old kampong, including Prembaen. Prembaen, a market kampong, is facing with migration, and spatial use activities conversion. This market kampong has persisted more than 50 years and created a mutualism symbiosis between residents and migrant sellers. Although it is surrounded by giant economic activities on the main roads, the kampong and its market are resilient and continued. For this reason, research on the market kampong sustainability is significant to determine the survival of the downtown neighbourhood. The main objective of this study is to describe the Role of Prambaen Market in the golden triangle area of Semarang, to identify social interactions in the Prambaen Market, analyze the resilience of the Prambaen Market, and identify spatial sustainability in the Prambaen Market. This research tries to conduct qualitative methods to capture phenomena in selected locations. This research needs to understand the situation that remains of the downtown environment in the face of large economic forces. The results of the study show that the Prembaen Market has historical strength as well as the potential of tangible local wisdom of economic activity manifested in the daily lives of the community. The strategy to achieve Prembaen market resilience is the social interaction between traders, visitors, and residents to continue to maintain and strengthen the joint activities of Prambaen Market activities. In addition, the morphology of the Prambaen Market area is still maintained, which has not changed since long ago in the urgency of the surrounding commercial / industrial offices.
Spatial Expression of Malay Kampung Semarang in Facing Flood Disaster
Authors: Kurniawati W , Mussadun  , Nugraha M F 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Disaster is one of the most significant global challenges confronting the society and environment in recent days. It poses a threat to the cultural heritage of conservation areas, including Malay Kampung (Kampung Melayu) Semarang. Today, it is experiencing physical, social and economic degradation, triggered by environmental factors and disasters such as flooding. This research therefore aims to identify the areas of residual disasters and monitor its impact on spatial expression and the resilience patterns. New adaptation and spatial expression develop when there is prolonged contact between flood disaster and the environment. Hence, a spatial expression transformation due to disaster adaptation occurs this expression is a type of resiliency pattern vulnerable in the area. During flood disasters, this pattern is essential to observe and understand the resiliency along with the sustainability of the cultural heritage of these affected areas. This research used qualitative method, Descriptive analysis technique conducted in this study to determining the research area delineation, identifying phenomena of flood disasters in Malay Kampung Semarang, analyzing spatial expression of Malay Kampung Semarang, and determining flood effects on spatial expression. Banjar Kampung was then chosen to represent the entire Semarang Malay Kampung. The spatial expression affected the building conditions, resulting in damage to some inhabited and non-inhabited buildings though some were not severely affected (are in good condition), and however, the buildings can be renovated. Out of the 57 buildings, in the region, 41 are in good condition and 16 others are in damaged condition. The result obtained from the study indicated that the flood phenomenon that occurred is now improved. The occurrence, depth, affected areas and duration of flood has improved as shown in this study.
Effectiveness of Strategic Environmental Studies in Supporting Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Aryani R V 
Published: January 2020

Abctract
Development is the process of optimizing all the resources for specific purposes and objectives so that it can be expected that all activities to be carried out by the community will be achieved. The problem is, development often causes a decrease in the quality of the environment resulting an environmental problems. The concept of Sustainable Development is a major concern in various development planning and implementation processes. With sustainable development, development is expected to have a minimum impact on the occurrence of environmental damage. Strategic Environmental Assessment is a study that evaluate policies, plans and programs contained in spatial plans and development plans. The purpose of this study is to identify the effectiveness of strategic environmental assessment activities in supporting sustainable development in Sumbawa Regency. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method by examining the substance of the strategic environmental assessment in Sumbawa Regency. The type of data obtained is primary data obtained from the results of focus group discussions with the community and related agencies. The results of the research are that the strategic environmental study has been quite effective in assessing the negative impacts of a policy, plan and program on the environment, but has not been effective in solving the problem of sustainable development.
The influence of earthquake force directions on building construction in Lombok Island: a case study of Pandanduri dam in East Lombok
Authors: Afrizal F , Agustawijaya D S , Lestari A 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Lombok Island is one of the regions in Indonesia that has a relatively high risk of earthquakes due to being flanked by two earthquake sources, namely from the south in the form of Indo-Australian plate thrusting (subduction mega-thrust) and north there is a north arc pressure (Flores thrust). Pandanduri Dam is located in the direction of the earthquake force N 171° E. This study aims to determine changes in dam planning using earthquake force calculations from SNI 1726-2002 to SNI 1726-2012 and the effect of the direction of earthquake strength on dam stability. The analysis results show that earthquake risk in Lombok Island is 0.34 g and 0.42 g for the possibility of exceeding 10% and 2% in 50 years. SNI changes in earthquake force calculations have decreased by 26% for 500 years and an increase of 10% for 2500 years. The percentage of the earthquake force directions is not known to be greater than the percentage the earthquake force directions known that N 171°E is influenced by the angle produced by the earthquake direction N 171° E which is 0.094° for the main force direction of the dam and 89,906° for the direction perpendicular to the dam.
The impact of tailings flow on the abundance of deep-sea meiofauna in Sumbawa waters
Authors: Susetiono  , Witasari Y , Prayogo W , Yusuf M S , Waworuntu J 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The potential effect of the mining activity in Batu Hijau, Sumbawa, Indonesia, is a by-product called tailings. Before being discharged into the sea, the tailings have been carefully processed on land, so that do not contain chemical elements that are harmful to living resources. The tailing slurry flowing with velocity of 5.7 – 6.4 meters/second at the opening of pipeline and 0.5 – 1.0 meter/second along the seabed, and finally come to rest at a depth of 3,000 – 4,000 meters. From forty sediment sampled was observed that six sampling sites were not found any meiofauna, whereas other sites meiofauna found with varied taxa diversity and its abundance. From the analysis on relationship between meiofauna abundance and the percentage of tailings it can be concluded that high percentage of tailings greatly influences the taxa diversity and meiofauna abundance in sediments. However, besides the presence of tailing as mentioned above, physical instability of the sediment as the impact of tailings flow is highly influential to the meiofauna community.