bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serological markers and risk factors associated with Hepatitis B Virus infection among Federal Capital Territory Prison inmates, Nigeria: should we be concerned?
Authors: Nwafor Chioma Cindy Dan , Adeoye Ikeola , Aderemi Kehinde , Onuoha Martins , Adedire Elizabeth , Bashorun Adebobola , Osunkwo Damaris , Gidado Saheed , Balogun Muhammad , Idris Suleiman , Ade-Yusuf Ibrahim , Udom Ekpedeme , Nguku Patrick 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is hyper-endemic in Nigeria. Prisons are high-risk environments for the spread of blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections. Prevalence of HBV infection is disproportionately higher among individuals in correctional facilities worldwide when compared to general population. We determined the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with HBV infection among Kuje prison inmates, Nigeria.Methods: We conducted a prison facility based cross-sectional study. Interviewer administered questionnaires were used to obtain information on participants socio-demographic characteristics, HBV risk factors, previous HBV test and vaccination history. Blood samples collected from participants were analysed for HBsAg, HBsAb, HBcAb, HBeAg and HBeAb markers using rapid lateral chromatographic immunoassay kit. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis were performed.Results: A total of 271 inmates (63 convicts and 208 awaiting trial inmates) were recruited into the study as participants. The mean age of the participants was 32.7 SD±9 years. HBV sero-prevalence of 13.7%(95%CI;9.8-18.3) was found. 55.4%(95%CI;49.2-61.4) of inmates were susceptible to HBV infection, 20.7% (95%CI;16.0-26.0) had past or resolved HBV infection while 10.3%(95%CI; 7.0-14.6) had acquired natural or artificial HBV immunity. Factors found to be associated with HBV infection include age-group ≤25years (aOR=8.0;95%CI:2.9-22.3), being ever married (aOR=4.2;95%CI:1.7-10.4) and history of alcohol consumption (aOR=3.4; 95%CI:1.3-8.4).Conclusion: This study reveals a high seroprevalence of HBV infection among Kuje Prison inmates, hence the need to introduce prison-focused health intervention initiatives such as HBV screening, vaccination and care to reduce the transmission of HBV infection among inmates and ultimately the general population.
Self-Esteem in Adolescents: A Two-Wave Time-Lag Study across the Iron Curtain
Authors: Antonson Carl , Thorsén Frida , Berg Rada , Palmér Karolina , Mutafchieva Milena , Koltcheva Nadia , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim was to conduct a time-lag study on how democracy and dictatorship may influence self-esteem in adolescents. Methods: Adolescents (aged 15-16) from Sweden and Bulgaria were compared using the ‘I Think I Am’ questionnaire measuring self-esteem 1989-1991 (T1) when Bulgaria was a communistic dictatorship and Sweden a parliamentary democracy and 2015-16 (T2) when both countries were democracies. Results: The lower global self-esteem in Bulgaria compared to Sweden at T1 equalised at T2, which mainly was related to the sub-scales ‘ Relations with others’ and ‘ Psychological well-being ’. Both global self-esteem and ‘ Relations with others ’ had a significant interaction between time and country, indicating that the country differences in self-esteem were modified by time, i.e. our proxy for governance. The differences that existed between the sexes in Sweden at T1 equalised at T2. The girls in both countries had lower results in the sub-scale ‘ Psychological well-being ’ than the boys at both time-points. Conclusion: The prior differences in self-esteem between a democracy and a communistic dictatorship equalised over a generation of democracy. We suggest that the amelioration self-esteem in the former dictatorship is due to decrease of social stressors. This lower self-esteem related to others could be seen as ‘Dictatorship damage’.
Performance of Mattis dementia rating scale-Chinese Version in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
Authors: QIAN Shuxia , CHEN Keliang , GUAN Qiaobing , Guo Qihao 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective: To identify the applicability of the Chinese Version of Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (DRS-CV).Methods: The DRS-CV was administered to 483 participants, including 136 normal controls, 167 patients with mild cognition impairment (MCI), and 180 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the scale.Results: The scores of DRS-CV were ranked in the order of NC >MCI > mild AD > moderate AD group. Memory was the sensitive function affected at a relatively earlier stage of AD. ROC curve analysis indicated the DRS-CV total score and memory subscale showed excellent sensitivity and specificity in the discrimination between MCI from mild AD and mild AD from moderate AD, but poor sensitivity and specificity in the discrimination between MCI and NC.Conclusion: The DRS-CV is useful to the early diagnosis and severity of AD, not to the early identification of MCI.
CyberKnife and EDGE in stereotactic body radiotherapy for pancreas cancer: a comparison of plan quality﻿
Authors: Dai Zhitao , Ma Li , Cao Tingting , Zhu Lian , Zhao Man , Wang Zhenguo , Li Ning 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Purpose: To perform a comprehensive comparison of the different stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) plans between the Varian EDGE and CyberKnife (CK) systems for pancreas cancer.Materials and methods: Fifteen patients with pancreas cancer were selected in this study. The median planning target volume (PTV) was 28.688cm 3 (5.736 to 49.246 cm 3 ). The SBRT plans for the EDGE and CK were generated in the Eclipse and Multiplan systems respectively with the same contouring and dose constrains for PTV and organ at risk (OAR). Dose distributions in PTV were evaluated in terms of coverage, conformity index (CI), new conformity index (nCI), homogeneity index (HI), and gradient index (GI). OARs, including spinal cord, bowel, stomach, duodenum and kidneys were statistically evaluated by different dose-volume metrics and equivalent uniform dose (EUD) . The volume covered by the different isodose lines (ISDL) ranging from 10% to 100% for normal tissue were also analyzed.Results: All SBRT plans for EDGE and CK met the clinical requirement for PTV and OARs. . For the PTV, the dosimetric metrics in EDGE plans were lower than that in CK, except that D 99 and GI were slightly higher. The EDGE plans with lower CI , nCI and HI were superior to offer the better conformity and homogeneity for PTV. For the normal tissue, the CK plans were better at OARs sparing. The radiobiological indices EUD of spinal cord, duodenum, stomach, and kidneys were lower for CK plans, except that liver were higher. The volumes of normal tissue covered by medium ISDLs (with range of 20%~70%) were lower for CK plans while that covered by high and low ISDLs were lower for EDGE plans.Conclusions: This study indicated that both EDGE and CK generated equivalent plan quality, and both systems can be considered as beneficial techniques for SBRT of pancreas cancer. EDGE plans offered the better conformity and homogeneity of dose distributions for PTV, while the CK plans could minimize the exposure of OARs.
Promising Gene Therapy Using an Adenovirus Vector Carrying REIC/Dkk-3 Gene for the Treatment of Biliary Cancer
Authors: Tanaka Emi , Uchida Daisuke , Shiraha Hidenori , Kato Hironari , Ohyama Atsushi , Iwamuro Masaya , Watanabe Masami , Kumon Hiromi , Okada Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2020

Background:
We previously demonstrated that the reduced expression in immortalized
cells (REIC)/dikkopf-3 (Dkk-3) gene was downregulated in various malignant tumors, and that an adenovirus
vector carrying the REIC/Dkk-3 gene, termed Ad-REIC induced cancer-selective apoptosis
in pancreatic cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective:
In this study, we examined the therapeutic effects of Ad-REIC in biliary cancer using a second-
generation Ad-REIC (Ad-SGE-REIC).

Methods:
Human biliary cancer cell lines (G-415, TFK-1) were used in this study. The cell viability
and apoptotic effect of Ad-SGE-REIC were assessed in vitro using an MTT assay and Hoechst staining.
The anti-tumor effect in vivo was assessed in a mouse xenograft model. We also assessed the
therapeutic effects of Ad-SGE-REIC therapy with cisplatin. Cell signaling was assessed by Western
blotting.

Results:
Ad-SGE-REIC reduced cell viability, and induced apoptosis in biliary cancer cell lines via
the activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway. Ad-SGE-REIC also inhibited tumor growth in a
mouse xenograft model. This effect was further enhanced in combination with cisplatin.

Conclusions:
Ad-SGE-REIC induced apoptosis and inhibited tumor growth in biliary cancer cells.
REIC/Dkk-3 gene therapy using Ad-SGE-REIC is an attractive therapeutic tool for biliary cancer.
Eosinophils, a Jack of All Trades in Immunity: Therapeutic Approaches for Correcting Their Functional Disorders
Authors: Magrone Thea , Magrone Manrico , Jirillo Emilio 
Published: March 2020

Background:Eosinophils are primitive myeloid cells derived from bonemarrow precursors and require the intervention of interleukin (IL)-5 for their survival and persistence in blood and tissues. Under steady-state conditions, they contribute to immune regulation and homeostasis. Under pathological circumstances, eosinophils are involved in host protection against parasites and participate in allergy and inflammation.Discussion:Mostly, in asthma, eosinophils provoke airway damage via the release of granule contents and IL-13 with mucus hypersecretion and differentiation of goblet cells. Then, tissue remodeling follows with the secretion of transforming growth factor-β. Eosinophils are able to kill helminth larvae acting as antigen-presenting cells with the involvement of T helper (h)-2 cells and subsequent antibody response. However, they also exert pro-worm activity with the production of suppressive cytokine (IL- 10 and IL-4) and inhibition of nitric oxide. Eosinophils may play a pathogenic role in the course of chronic and autoimmune disease, e.g., inflammatory bowel disease and eosinophilic gastroenteritis, regulating Th2 responses and promoting a profibrotic effect. In atopic dermatitis, eosinophils are commonly detected and may be associated with disease severity. In cutaneous spontaneous urticaria, eosinophils participate in the formation of wheals, tissue remodeling and modifications of vascular permeability. With regard to tumor growth, it seems that IgE can exert anti-neoplastic surveillance via mast cell and eosinophil-mediated cytotoxicity, the so-called allergo-oncology. From a therapeutic point of view, monoclonal antibodies directed against IL-5 or the IL-5 receptors have been shown to be very effective in patients with severe asthma. Finally, as an alternative treatment, polyphenols for their anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities seem to be effective in reducing serum IgE and eosinophil count in bronchoalveolar lavage in murine asthma.Conclusion:Eosinophils are cells endowed with multiple functions and their modulation with monoclonal antibodies and nutraceuticals may be effective in the treatment of chronic disease.
Association of Interleukin-1 and Inteleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Gene Polymorphisms with Multiple Sclerosis in Azeri Population of Iran
Authors: Asgharzadeh Mohammad , Jigheh Zahra A. , Kafil Hossein S. , Farhoudi Mehdi , Oskouei Daryoush S. , Khaki-Khatibi Fatemeh , Fadaee Manouchehr , Vegari Ali , Asgharzadeh Vahid , Najafi-Ghalelou Nima , Poor Behroz M. , Rashedi Jalil 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Cytokines as important mediators have a critical role in appropriate immune
responses, the irregular production of which can lead to Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Proinflammatory
cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) triggers inflammatory responses. Function and production of the cytokine
are influenced by IL-1 coding gene polymorphism and those antagonists gene polymorphism.

Objective:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible correlation between MS and IL-1
related alleles in Azeri population of Iran.

Methods:
Variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) genotypes of 150 MS patients and 220 healthy
non-relative controls were determined.

Result:
n the healthy controls, genotype TT at IL-1A (-889) location was significantly higher than
the MS patients (p=0.0001). However, a significant difference was not found between the two groups
in genotypic/allelic frequency at IL- 1B+ 3953 location. Evaluation of the IL-1RA gene revealed that
genotype 1/2, and genotype 1/3 were significantly higher in the healthy controls and MS patients, respectively.
Our findings indicated that the consumption of fast-food in MS patients was significantly
higher than controls (p= <0.05). Also, a considerable number of MS patients had inappropriate dieting
behaviors such as not eating breakfast (p= 0.0001), and irregular eating habits (p= 0.0001).

Conclusion:
Polymorphisms of the IL-1B genes and common alleles of IL-1RA were not considered
as risk factors for MS disease. However, genotype TT at IL-1A (-889) location and the rare allele of
IL-1RA3 can be a potential risk factor for the disease. Furthermore, inappropriate dieting behaviors
and consumption of fast-food can increase the risk of MS.
A New Approach to Design and Implementation of 2-Input XOR Gate Using 4-Transistor
Authors: Maity Heranmoy 
Published: March 2020

Aim:
This paper proposed the design and implementation of a 2-input XOR gate using 4-
transistor.

Method:
The XOR gate can be designed using NOT gate and 2:1 multiplexer. The NOT gate is designed
using two metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors MOSFETs and an approximate
2:1 multiplexer. The 2:1 multiplexer is designed using two MOSFETs. So, an XOR gate can be designed
using four transistors.

Results:
The proposed work theoretically and experimentally describes the 2-input XOR gate using 4-
transistor. The proposed work was verified using Xilinx (ISE Design Suite).
Técnica de protección para credenciales de autenticación en redes sociales y correo electrónico ante ataques phishing
Authors: Noreña Cardona Paola Andrea , Calderón Restrepo Sergio 
Published: March 2020

Una credencial de autenticación es una orden que autoriza el acceso a una red social, correo electrónico u otros sitios web que requieren información personal de un usuario registrado. El phishing (suplantación de identidad) es un ataque fraudulento desde sitios web engañosos a credenciales de autenticación. Algunos autores plantean enfoques basados en la detección y prevención de estos ataques phishing en redes sociales y correos electrónicos. Sin embargo, las cifras de estos ataques continúan incrementando, debido a que los usuarios siguen incurriendo en errores como la falta de conocimiento, el descuido visual y la falta de atención, que facilitan estos ataques. En este artículo se realiza un análisis de los riesgos y causas de ataques phishing a credenciales de autenticación en redes sociales y correos electrónicos. Además, se propone una técnica de protección para estas credenciales, mediante procedimientos de fácil recordación. Los procedimientos de la técnica se realizan para prevenir los riesgos a partir del conocimiento, atención y cuidado visual del usuario. Así también, se aplica la técnica a algunos usuarios.
Propuesta para un diseño de distribución en planta en el área de separado para la empresa de alimentos cárnicos S.A.S, evaluada mediante una herramienta de simulación - Flexsim
Authors: Paz Orozco H , Cañar Truque J D , Plazas Pemberthy L , Angulo Sinisterra H 
Published: March 2020

La presente investigación presenta un nuevo diseño de distribución en planta (Layout) para el proceso de separado en la empresa de Alimentos Cárnicos S.A.S, una empresa del grupo empresarial Nutresa dedicada a la producción y comercialización de embutidos procesados. La investigación consistió en el diagnóstico, análisis e identificación de oportunidades de mejora en la distribución en planta del proceso de separado de chorizos calibre 26 y en la propuesta de una alternativa de mejoramiento de distribución en planta aplicando la metodología de relación de actividades, con el objetivo de mejorar la efectividad de las operaciones, reduciendo tiempos y costos para la empresa. La metodología fue evaluada en simulación mediante el software Flexsim; una herramienta de simulación que permite evaluar los procesos productivos industriales. En el proceso de simulación se valoraron las variables de tiempo de ocupación, tiempo de inactividad y distancias que recorren los operarios en cuanto a la relación Hombre – Máquina. La investigación tuvo como finalidad optimizar la distribución de las maquinas, recursos humanos, materiales y servicios auxiliares. Finalmente, el estudio propone un escenario de distribución en planta donde se mejoran considerablemente las distancias recorridas por los operarios y los porcentajes de inactividad de máquinas y trabajadores, proyectando una disminución de cuellos de botella, la optimización de la mano de obra, la reducción del riesgo para la salud y el aumento de la seguridad del recurso humano.
CEO Implicit Motives: Their Impact on Firm Performance
Authors: Veenstra Kevin 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Using 4,838 annual CEO letters to shareholders for 397 S&P 500 companies from the period 1993 to 2010, this paper examines how CEO implicit motives impact a firm's financial performance. The results show that after controlling for firm and year fixed effects, financial performance increases with a CEO's need for power and decreases with a CEO's need for achievement and need for affiliation. Implicit motives play a significant role in the determination of what makes each CEO unique, and they have persistent effects, even three years after being initially measured. The practical significance of these findings is that firms should carefully consider implicit motives when selecting a CEO. Boards of directors would do well to consider CEO implicit motives as part of their corporate governance “best practices.” Institutional/retail investors may be able to use CEO letters as a useful source of information for making investment decisions.
Reviewing Interorganizational Management Accounting and Control Literature: A New Look
Authors: Caglio Ariela , Ditillo Angelo 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
Interorganizational management accounting and control is a complex and fascinating area of research. Many contributions have already been published on this topic, and some assessments have been produced in previous surveys. The objective of this paper is to analyze whether more recent contributions have deepened the understanding of management accounting and control problems and solutions, while also broadening the spectrum of enquiry. A citation analysis through social network analysis (SNA) suggests the need for research leveraged on commonalities to consolidate existing knowledge on the field. In-depth analysis of the contributions shows some progress in highlighting the complexity and evolution of interorganizational control practices, and in responding to some of the existing limitations. However, there is still a lot to do to in terms of investigating areas neglected to date and exploiting opportunities for interdisciplinary research and theory contamination, which may lead to innovation and growing diversity in this field.
Assessment and Intelligence of The Mathematical-Logical in Learning Computer Programming
Authors: Setemen Komang 
Published: March 2020

The research objective was to determine the influence of assessment types and mathematical-logical intelligence on computer programming learning outcomes after controlling numerical aptitude. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) two lanes with one covariate. Results showed that 1) the results of learning computer programming students who attended the learning process with the assessment portfolio was higher than students who attended the learning process with the assessment project, 2) on a group of students who had high the intelligence mathematical-logical, the result of learning computer programming was most suitable to follow the process with portfolio, and 3) on a group of students who had a low mathematical-logical intelligence, computer programming learning outcomes was most suitable to follow the process with the assessment. Research to use the type of portfolio assessment in the learning process in order to improve student results.
PENGARUH TAX AVOIDANCE, PENERAPAN SANKSI PAJAK DAN PELAYANAN PERPAJAKAN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK (Studi Empiris Pada Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi di KPP Pratama Jakarta Setiabudi Dua)
Authors: Halimi Ferry , Waluyo Waluyo 
Published: March 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menganalisis pengaruh tax avoidance, penerapan sanksi pajak dan pelayanan perpajakan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi di KPP Pratama Jakarta Setiabudi Dua. Penelitian ini mengambil sampel sebanyak 90 responden dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan instrumen kuesioner yang diukur dengan skala Likert. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu partial least square (PLS) dengan bantuan program SmartPLS versi 3.0. Hasil analisis data membuktikan bahwa: (1) Tax avoidance berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi dengan nilai koefisien (b1) = -0.343 dan signifikansi < 0,05, (2) Penerapan sanksi pajak berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi dengan nilai koefisien (b2) = 0.242 dan signifikansi < 0,05, dan (3) Pelayanan perpajakan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak orang pribadi dengan nilai koefisien (b3) = 0.283 dan signifikansi < 0,05. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of tax avoidance, the application of tax sanctions and tax services on individual taxpayer compliance at KPP Pratama Jakarta Setiabudi Dua. This study took a sample of 90 respondents with purposive sampling technique. Data was collected by questionnaire instruments measured by a Likert scale. Data analysis used is partial least square (PLS) with the help of the SmartPLS version 3.0 program. The results of data analysis prove that: (1) Tax avoidance has a negative and significant effect on individual taxpayer compliance with a coefficient (b1) = -0.343 and significance <0.05, (2) Application of tax sanctions has a positive and significant effect on mandatory compliance personal tax with a coefficient (b2) = 0.242 and significance <0.05, and (3) Tax service has a positive and significant effect on individual taxpayer compliance with a coefficient (b3) = 0.283 and significance <0.05.