bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Habitat and seasonality shape the structure of tench (Tinca tinca L.) gut microbiome
Authors: Dulski Tomasz , Kozłowski Krzysztof , Ciesielski Slawomir 
Published: March 2020

AbstractTench (Tinca tincaL.) is one of the most valued species of theCyprinidae. This species is commercially important and has been intensively domesticated in recent years. To avoid excessive production losses, the health of farm fish must be maintained. Characterization of the tench gut microbiome can help achieve this goal, as the gastrointestinal microbiome plays an important role in host health. As part of this characterization, investigating the influence of the environment and season will help to understand the interrelationship between host and gut microbiota. Therefore, our aim was to use high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to profile the gut microbiome of tench. We studied two populations in summer and autumn: wild tench living in a lake and tench living in a pond in a semi-intensive fish farm. We found that, in the gut microbiome of all fish, the most abundant phylum wasProteobacteria, followed byFirmicutes,BacteroidetesandActinobacteria. Together, these phyla constituted up to 90% of the microbial communities. The abundance ofCandidatus Xiphinematobacterdiffered significantly between lake and pond fish in summer, but not in autumn. In pond tench,Methylobacteriumabundance was significantly lower in summer than in autumn. Mean Shannon, Chao1 indices and observed OTU’s indicated that microbial biodiversity was greater in the gut of lake fish than in that of pond fish. Beta-diversity analysis showed significant divergence between groups with both weighted and unweighted UniFrac distance matrices. Principal coordinates analysis revealed that more of the variance in microbial diversity was attributable to environment than to season. Although some of the diversity in lake tench gut microbiota could be attributable to feeding preferences of individual fish, our results suggest that environment is the main factor in determining gut microbiome diversity in tench.
Identification and functional characterisation of N-linked glycosylation of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor Gpr176
Authors: Wang Tianyu , Nakagawa Shumpei , Miyake Takahito , Setsu Genzui , Kunisue Sumihiro , Goto Kaoru , Hirasawa Akira , Okamura Hitoshi , Yamaguchi Yoshiaki , Doi Masao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractG-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important drug targets with diverse therapeutic applications. However, there are still more than a hundred orphan GPCRs, whose protein functions and biochemical features remain unidentified. Gpr176 encodes a class-A orphan GPCR that has a role in circadian clock regulation in mouse hypothalamus and is also implicated in human breast cancer transcriptional response. Here we show that Gpr176 is N-glycosylated. Peptide-N-glycosidase treatment of mouse hypothalamus extracts revealed that endogenous Gpr176 undergoes N-glycosylation. Using a heterologous expression system, we show that N-glycosylation occurs at four conserved asparagine residues in the N-terminal region of Gpr176. Deficient N-glycosylation due to mutation of these residues reduced the protein expression of Gpr176. At the molecular function level, Gpr176 has constitutive, agonist-independent activity that leads to reduced cAMP synthesis. Although deficient N-glycosylation did not compromise this intrinsic activity, the resultant reduction in protein expression was accompanied by attenuation of cAMP-repressive activity in the cells. We also demonstrate that human GPR176 is N-glycosylated. Importantly, missense variations in the conserved N-glycosylation sites of human GPR176 (rs1473415441; rs761894953) affected N-glycosylation and thereby attenuated protein expression and cAMP-repressive activity in the cells. We show that N-glycosylation is a prerequisite for the efficient protein expression of functional Gpr176/GPR176.
The impact of worsening renal function with elevated B-type natriuretic peptide at discharge on 1-year prognosis in heart failure patients
Authors: Okabe Toshitaka , Kido Takehiko , Kimura Taro , Yakushiji Tadayuki , Asukai Yu , Shimazu Suguru , Saito Jumpei , Oyama Yuji , Igawa Wataru , Ono Morio , Ebara Seitaro , Yamashita Kennosuke , Yamamoto Myong Hwa , Amemiya Kisaki , Isomura Naoei , Ochiai Masahiko 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThere are a few studies about the clinical impacts of plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) at discharge with the occurrence of worsening renal function (WRF) on mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). We divided total 301 patients with acute decompensated HF into four groups by the median value (278.7 pg/mL) of BNP level at discharge and by the occurrence of WRF. WRF developed in 100 patients (33.2%). Cardiovascular mortality was significantly different between the four groups (P = 0.0002). Patients with WRF and elevated BNP had a higher cardiovascular mortality than patients without WRF and elevated BNP in Cox proportional hazard models (hazard ratio [HR], 10.48; 95% confident interval [95% CI], 1.27–225.53; P = 0.03). Patients with either WRF or elevated BNP did not have an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality compared to patients without WRF and elevated BNP. Regarding HF readmission and cardiovascular mortality, patients with WRF and elevated BNP had the highest risk (HR, 5.17; 95% CI, 2.07–14.30, P = 0.0003) and patients with either WRF or elevated BNP had a higher risk than patients without WRF and elevated BNP. The occurrence of WRF combined with elevated BNP at discharge was associated with increased 1-year cardiovascular mortality and HF readmission.
Temperature-dependent competitive advantages of an allelopathic alga over non-allelopathic alga are altered by pollutants and initial algal abundance levels
Authors: Kim Yongeun , Son Jino , Lee Yun-Sik , Wee June , Lee Minyoung , Cho Kijong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the context of climate warming, the dominance of allelopathic algae that cause ecosystem disturbances is an important topic. Although the hypothesis that an increase in temperature will be favorable to the dominance of allelopathic algae has been increasingly supported by many studies, it is still unclear how other factors can affect the influence of temperature. In this study, the effects of copper exposure and initial algal abundance on the competition between Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (non-allelopathic alga) and Chlorella vulgaris (allelopathic alga) were investigated during temperature changes. The results showed that increased temperatures enhanced the competitive advantage of C. vulgaris only in the absence of copper exposure. Our data confirmed that copper exposure along with increased temperature (20–30 °C) may change the competitive advantage of C. vulgaris from favorable to unfavorable. The initial algal abundance was found to affect competition outcome by controlling copper toxicity. This study suggests that pollutants and initial abundance can alter the effects of increased temperature on the allelopathic interaction. Given the temporal dynamics of algal abundance and the pollutants in natural ecosystems, these findings should be considered in the prediction of temperature influence on an algal community.
Therapeutic mechanism of cord blood mononuclear cells via the IL-8-mediated angiogenic pathway in neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury
Authors: Cho Kye Hee , Choi Jee In , Kim Jin-Ock , Jung Joo Eun , Kim Dong-Wook , Kim MinYoung 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn a clinical trial of cerebral palsy, the level of plasma interleukin-8 (IL-8) was increased, correlated with motor improvement, after human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cell (hUCBC) infusion. This study aimed to elucidate the role of IL-8 in the therapeutic effects of hUCBCs in a mouse model of hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury (HI). In P7 HI mouse brains, hUCBC administration at day 7 after HI upregulated the gene expression of Cxcl2, the mouse IL-8 homologue and increased the expression of its receptor, CXCR2. hUCBC administration restored the sequential downstream signalling axis of p-p38/p-MAPKAPK2, NFκB, and angiogenic factors, which were downregulated by HI. Anin vitroassay revealed the downregulation of the angiogenic pathway by CXCR2 knockdown and p38 inhibition.In vivop38 inhibition prior to hUCBC administration in HI mouse brains produced identical results. Behavioural outcomes revealed a therapeutic effect (ps < 0.01) of hUCBC or IL-8 administration, which was correlated with decreases in infarct size and angiogenic findings in the striatum. In conclusion, the response of the host to hUCBC administration in mice upregulated Cxcl2, which led to the activation of the IL-8-mediated p-p38 signalling pathway. The upregulation of the downstream pathway and angiogenic growth factors via NFκB can be inferred to be the potential therapeutic mechanism of hUCBCs.
The atmospheres of rocky exoplanets
Authors: Herbort O. , Woitke P. , Helling Ch. , Zerkle A. 
Published: March 2020

Context. Little is known about the interaction between atmospheres and crusts of exoplanets so far, but future space missions and ground-based instruments are expected to detect molecular features in the spectra of hot rocky exoplanets.
Aims. We aim to understand the composition of the gas in an exoplanet atmosphere which is in equilibrium with a planetary crust.
Methods. The molecular composition of the gas above a surface made of a mixture of solid and liquid materials was determined by assuming phase equilibrium for given pressure, temperature, and element abundances. We study total element abundances that represent different parts of the Earth’s crust (continental crust, bulk silicate Earth, mid oceanic ridge basalt), CI chondrites and abundances measured in polluted white dwarfs.
Results. For temperatures between ~600 and ~3500 K, the near-crust atmospheres of all considered total element abundances are mainly composed of H2O, CO2, and SO2 and in some cases of O2 and H2. For temperatures ≲500 K, only N2-rich or CH4-rich atmospheres remain. For ≳3500 K, the atmospheric gas is mainly composed of atoms (O, Na, Mg, and Fe), metal oxides (SiO, NaO, MgO, CaO, AlO, and FeO), and some metal hydroxides (KOH and NaOH). The inclusion of phyllosilicates as potential condensed species is crucial for lower temperatures, as they can remove water from the gas phase below about 700 K and inhibit the presence of liquid water.
Conclusions. Measurements of the atmospheric composition could, in principle, characterise the rock composition of exoplanet crusts. H2O, O2 and CH4 are natural products from the outgassing of different kinds of rocks that had time to equilibrate. These are discussed as biomarkers, but they do emerge naturally as a result of the thermodynamic interaction between the crust and atmosphere. Only the simultaneous detection of all three molecules might be a sufficient biosignature, as it is inconsistent with chemical equilibrium.
Comparing focal plane wavefront control techniques: Numerical simulations and laboratory experiments
Authors: Potier A. , Baudoz P. , Galicher R. , Singh G. , Boccaletti A. 
Published: March 2020

Context. Fewer than 1% of all exoplanets detected to date have been characterized on the basis of spectroscopic observations of their atmosphere. Unlike indirect methods, high-contrast imaging offers access to atmospheric signatures by separating the light of a faint off-axis source from that of its parent star. Forthcoming space facilities, such as WFIRST/LUVOIR/HabEX, are expected to use coronagraphic instruments capable of imaging and spectroscopy in order to understand the physical properties of remote worlds. The primary technological challenge that drives the design of these instruments involves the precision control of wavefront phase and amplitude errors. To suppress the stellar intensity to acceptable levels, it is necessary to reduce phase aberrations to less than several picometers across the pupil of the telescope.
Aims. Several focal plane wavefront sensing and control techniques have been proposed and demonstrated in laboratory to achieve the required accuracy. However, these techniques have never been tested and compared under the same laboratory conditions. This paper compares two of these techniques in a closed loop in visible light: the pair-wise (PW) associated with electric field conjugation (EFC) and self-coherent camera (SCC).
Methods. We first ran numerical simulations to optimize PW wavefront sensing and to predict the performance of a coronagraphic instrument with PW associated to EFC wavefront control, assuming modeling errors for both PW and EFC. Then we implemented the techniques on a laboratory testbed. We introduced known aberrations into the system and compared the wavefront sensing using both PW and SCC. The speckle intensity in the coronagraphic image was then minimized using PW+EFC and SCC independently.
Results. We demonstrate that both techniques – SCC, based on spatial modulation of the speckle intensity using an empirical model of the instrument, and PW, based on temporal modulation using a synthetic model – can estimate the wavefront errors with the same precision. We also demonstrate that both SCC and PW+EFC can generate a dark hole in space-like conditions in a few iterations. Both techniques reach the current limitation of our laboratory bench and provide coronagraphic contrast levels of ∼5 × 10−9 in a narrow spectral band (< 0.25% bandwidth).
Conclusions. Our results indicate that both techniques are mature enough to be implemented in future space telescopes equipped with deformable mirrors for high-contrast imaging of exoplanets.
Tormentillae rhizoma – Review for an Underestimated European Herbal Drug
Authors: Melzig Matthias F. , Böttger Stefan 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Potentilla erecta is a medicinal plant described under its traditional name Tormentil in medieval herbal books and used until today in many European countries. Today monographs for Tormentillae rhizoma in the European pharmacopeia, as well as a monograph of the Herbal Medicinal Product Commission as a drug for traditional use, exist. The present review summarizes published investigations in phytochemistry and pharmacology, together with new findings reflecting the mechanisms of action of ellagitannins as one of the main ingredients of this herbal drug. Taken together all in vitro and in vivo investigations’ data support the traditional use for treatment of diarrhea and mucosal inflammation despite a lack of suffcient clinical studies.
Using Nonstandardized Assessments to Evaluate Cognitive-Communication Abilities following Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Lundine Jennifer P. , Hall Audrey 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe subtle cognitive-communication challenges experienced by students with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are often missed, leaving these students with unmet needs in the school environment and increasing the likelihood for negative social, academic, and vocational outcomes. For children and adolescents with TBI, nonstandardized assessment offers several advantages over standardized assessment procedures, and may improve speech-language pathologists' ability to identify students who might benefit from intervention services. This article discusses curriculum-based assessment and discourse analysis specifically and uses case studies to demonstrate how these procedures can be used within the school environment. Nonstandardized assessment procedures are a valuable tool to measure a student's cognitive-communication abilities and the effects of intervention in real-world contexts.
Perinatal Oral Health: A Novel Collaborative Initiative to Improve Access, Attitudes, Comfort Level, and Knowledge of Pregnant Women and Dental Providers
Authors: Mayberry Melanie E. , Gonik Bernard , Trombly Robert M. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objectives The objectives of this program were to increase access to dental care among pregnant women and to improve dental students' exposure, comfort level, and knowledge of the potential impact of poor oral health on pregnancy outcomes.
Study Design Through collaborative efforts of a School of Dentistry and a School of Medicine, the Oral Health Pregnancy Day Initiative (OHPDI) was developed. Dental students were educated on the impact poor oral health may have on pregnancy outcomes and the importance of access to care. Pregnant women received perinatal oral health education and needed dental care.
Results Thirty-four pregnant women presented for the OHPDI. Thirty-nine dental students participated. Eighty-five percent of students reported they learned how poor oral health may have a negative impact on pregnancy and birth outcomes; 79% agreed as a result of the event they were more likely to treat pregnant women. Ninety-four percent of pregnant women reported not having a dentist and 100% received perinatal oral health education and needed dental care. Eighty-eight pregnant women were seen subsequent to the OHPDI.
Conclusion This initiative resulted in increased students' knowledge, exposure, and comfort level to treating pregnant women and pregnant women received needed oral health care education and dental treatment.
Global perspectives on linguacultural variation in academic publishing
Authors: Belcher Diane , Yang Hae Sung 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis primarily interview-based study explores the perspectives of published applied linguists around the world on what has facilitated their success in reaching multiple readerships. The focus, more specifically, is on scholars in non-English-dominant settings, a number of whom have made a commitment to both inter- and intranational academic publication, and their perceptions of intercultural rhetoric issues salient in various linguacultural contexts. The findings indicated that such scholars were divided in their views on whether or not there are considerable differences in the rhetorical expectations of international Anglophone and more region-specific, or intranational, journal audiences. What this study’s participants shared was an appreciation of the complexities of authorial cross-contextual negotiation of multiple research worlds, only some of which are Anglophone.
Drinking stories of emerging adults
Authors: Lojdová Kateřina 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The period of emerging adulthood is seen as a period of transition from adolescence to adulthood and is associated with increased alcohol consumption. The aim of the study is to understand the meaning of alcohol for emerging adults through stories about alcohol intoxication. Eighty-two drinking stories written by emerging adults were analysed using the narrative oriented inquiry (NOI) method. The results are divided into three layers: (1) contents of the drinking stories, (2) discourses of drinking stories, (3) (re)construction of the identity of emerging adults in drinking stories. I sought to extend the current knowledge on drinking stories in two ways: (a) localization within emerging adulthood, (b) by using NOI methodology. Results show the importance of drinking stories for identity construction of emerging adults and as markers of the beginning and the end of emerging adulthood, albeit not a linear one.
Exploring autobiographical memory specificity and narrative emotional processing in alexithymia
Authors: Camia Christin , Desmedt Olivier , Luminet Olivier 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Alexithymia encompasses difficulties in identifying and expressing feelings along with an externally oriented cognitive
style. While previous studies found that higher alexithymia scores were related to an impaired memory for emotional content, no study so far
investigated how alexithymia affects autobiographical narratives. Narrating personal events, however, is impaired in emotionally disturbed
patients in that they tend to recall overgeneral descriptions instead of specific episodes, which impairs their narrative emotional
processing. Adopting a qualitative approach, this pilot study explored autobiographical memory specificity, cognitive, perceptual and
emotional word use, and narrative closure in eight alcohol-dependent participants scoring very high or low in alexithymia. High alexithymia
participants showed no reduced memory specificity but impaired emotional processing and narrative elaboration, especially when talking about
negative events. Presumably because of this we found no group differences regarding narrative closure. Results are discussed in terms of
cognitive and emotional processing, avoidance strategies, and narrative psychology.
ARHGEF10L expression regulates cell proliferation and migration in gastric tumorigenesis
Authors: Wang Da-wei , Tang Jun-yi , Zhang Guo-qing , Chang Xiao-tian 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

We recently reported that Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 10-like protein (ARHGEF10L) activated Rho GTPases as guanine nucleotide exchange factor to stimulate liver tumorigenesis. The present study continued to explore the effect of ARHGEF10L on the tumorigenic process of gastric cancer. This study detected increased expression of ARHGEF10L in GC tissues compared to peritumoral tissue samples. SGC7901 cells with ARHGEF10L overexpression showed increased cell proliferation, cell migration, and tube-like structure formation abilities, as well as increased expression of GTP-RhoA, ROCK1, and phospho-Ezrin/Radixin/Moesin. ARHGEF10L overexpression downregulated the expression of E-cadherin and upregulated the expression of N-cadherin and Slug, indicating an activation of EMT in the transfected cells. RNA-sequencing assay detected an increased expression of Heat shock 70 kDa protein 6 in the SGC7901 cells overexpressing ARHGEF10L. The above results suggest that ARHGEF10L expression can stimulate gastric tumorigenesis by prompting RhoA-ROCK1-phospho-ERM signaling, inducing EMT and increasing HSPA6 expression.
Peeping over Galileo’s shoulders: laying the foundations of
heliocentrism in elementary school
Authors: Pincelli M M , Brustle M , Formichella M del C , Perez-Millán C , Palmieri N , Otranto S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this work, an adaptation is developed of the first observation attempted by
Galileo to demonstrate the heliocentric hypothesis to be correct. The objective
is to enable students in their final year of elementary school to confront by
themselves the same contradictory evidence that Galileo confronted during the
second decade of the 17th century. The results of its implementation in two
classes of 32 students aged 11–12 years are reported, and the first
impressions of this pedagogical approach are analyzed.
The role of predictive model data in designing mangrove forest carbon programs
Authors: Bukoski Jacob J , Elwin Angie , MacKenzie Richard A , Sharma Sahadev , Purbopuspito Joko , Kopania Benjamin , Apwong Maybeleen , Poolsiri Roongreang , Potts Matthew D 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Estimating baseline carbon stocks is a key step in designing forest carbon programs. While field inventories are resource-demanding, advances in predictive modeling are now providing globally coterminous datasets of carbon stocks at high spatial resolutions that may meet this data need. However, it remains unknown how well baseline carbon stock estimates derived from model data compare against conventional estimation approaches such as field inventories. Furthermore, it is unclear whether site-level management actions can be designed using predictive model data in place of field measurements. We examined these issues for the case of mangroves, which are among the most carbon dense ecosystems globally and are popular candidates for forest carbon programs. We compared baseline carbon stock estimates derived from predictive model outputs against estimates produced using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) three-tier methodological guidelines. We found that the predictive model estimates out-performed the IPCC’s Tier 1 estimation approaches but were significantly different from estimates based on field inventories. Our findings help inform the use of predictive model data for designing mangrove forest policy and management actions.