bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on sensing characteristics of three human umami receptors via receptor‐based biosensor
Authors: Chen Weizhu , Huang Yulin , Jiang Shui , Chen Gaole , Liu Yuan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCurrently, three proposed receptors, including heterodimer T1R1/T1R3, metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4) and metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1), are involved in mediating umami perception. The aim of this work was to study the sensing differences among three human umami receptors (T1R1, mGluR1 and mGluR4) without interference from other cellular signal pathways. The receptors were immobilized onto the precoated glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) to mimic cascade amplification system. The response currents towards monosodium glutamate (MSG) and disodium inosinate (IMP) were determined. The kinetic analyses showed that the allosteric constants of the interaction were as follows: KT1R1‐MSG = 7.183 × 10−12 mol/L, KmGluR1‐MSG = 1.659 × 10−14 mol/L, KmGluR4‐MSG = 7.610 × 10−15 mol/L, KT1R1‐IMP = 7.810 × 10−14 mol/L respectively. The results indicated that the sensing ability to MSG was as follows: mGluR4 > mGluR1 > T1R1. mGluRs might underly specific contribution to MSG recognition at lower concentration due to their specific structures and nerve connections. Summarily, this paper provided a novel establishment of receptor‐based biosensor, which would be useful for investigating mechanisms underlying umami signal transduction in vitro.
A novel CLTC‐FOSB gene fusion in pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma of bone
Authors: Bridge Julia A. , Sumegi Janos , Royce Thomas , Baker Michael , Linos Konstantinos 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma, an uncommon mesenchymal neoplasm composed of plump spindled and/or epithelioid endothelial cells, may present multicentrically and tends to locally recur but rarely metastasizes. Morphologic resemblance to epithelioid sarcoma and other spindle cell neoplasms may result in diagnostic confusion. Molecular characterization of pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma has revealed these neoplasms often harbor a rearrangement of the FOSB gene with SERPINE1 or ACTB as recurrent fusion gene partners. Herein, a case of a fibular pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma with minimal extension into the adjacent soft tissue arising in a 17 year‐old male is presented. The neoplasm exhibited sheets of epithelioid cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and variably eccentric nuclei. RNA sequencing revealed a novel CLTC‐FOSB fusion transcript that was subsequently confirmed by direct sequencing of reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction products demonstrating an in‐frame fusion between exon 17 of the clathrin heavy chain (CLTC) gene and exon 2 of the FOSB (FosB proto‐oncogene, AP‐1 transcription factor subunit) gene. CLTC‐FOSB fusion has not been described in a neoplasm before.
Catatonia in elderly psychiatric inpatients is not always associated with intense anxiety: Factor analysis and correlation with psychopathology
Authors: Cuevas‐Esteban Jorge , Iglesias‐González Maria , Serra‐Mestres Jordi , Butjosa Anna , Canal‐Rivero Manuel , Serrano‐Blanco Antoni , Baladon Luisa 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveCatatonic stupor has been linked to extreme fear. Whether the underlying phenomenology of every catatonic dimension is intense anxiety or fear remains unknown.MethodsOne hundred and six patients aged ≥64 years were assessed for catatonia and clinical variables during the first 24 hours of admission. Two‐sample t test were used to test for group differences. A principal component analysis was developed. Analysis of variance was performed to assess for differences in the diagnostic groups. Correlation coefficients were used to examine the association between catatonic dimensions and psychopathological variables.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences between catatonic and non‐catatonic patients in the Hamilton and NPI scores. The three factor‐model accounted for 52.23% of the variance. Factor 1 loaded on items concerned with “excitement,” factor 2 on “inhibition” items, and factor 3 on “parakinetic” items. There was a significant effect for factor 1 (F [5.36] = 2.83, P = .02), and not significant for factor 2 and factor 3. Compared with patients with depression, patients with mania scored significantly higher on factor “excitement” (P < .05). Factor 2 showed a moderate correlation with Hamilton total score (r = .346, P = .031) and Hamilton psychic score (r = .380, P = .017).ConclusionsCatatonic patients experienced more anxiety and hyperactivity. A three‐factor solution provided best fit for catatonic symptoms. Patients with mania scored highest on Excitement, patients with depression on Inhibition, and patients with schizophrenia on Parakinetic. The main finding in this study was a positive moderate correlation between the Hamilton psychic score and the Inhibition factor score, meaning that not every catatonic dimension is associated to intense anxiety.
Elderly care in the time of coronavirus: Perceptions and experiences of care home staff in Pakistan
Authors: Bilal Atif , Saeed Muhammad Ali , Yousafzai Taimur 
Published: August 2020

ObjectiveThe highly contagious and deadlycoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has caused significant disruption in the small care sector of Pakistan. This study accordingly explores the perceptions and experiences of staff providing direct caregiving services to the elderly residents at three care homes during the time of the coronavirus pandemic in Karachi, Pakistan.DesignUsing a qualitative approach, 27 digitally recorded, semi‐structured, face‐to‐face interviews were performed with current and former caregiving staff members. The data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis.ResultsAnalysis highlights various kinds of challenges that were faced by the caregivers and their families during the pandemic. The main theme class identified from the data was “living in anxiety and fear.” The work‐related decisions made by caregivers at that time were mainly influenced by their familial demands and responsibilities.ConclusionCaregivers were at risk of catching the lethal virus through inhalation of or physical contact with infectious particles, but despite that most of them continued to render elderly care services. This study's findings could be used by government leaders and care home administrations when making coronavirus containment policies, designing economic relief packages, and formulating caregiving training programs in Pakistan or other countries in the world.
A Circular RNA, Cholangiocarcinoma‐Associated Circular RNA 1, Contributes to Cholangiocarcinoma Progression, Induces Angiogenesis, and Disrupts Vascular Endothelial Barriers
Authors: Xu Yi , Leng Kaiming , Yao Yue , Kang Pengcheng , Liao Guanqun , Han Yi , Shi Guangjun , Ji Daolin , Huang Peng , Zheng Wangyang , Li Zhenglong , Li Jinglin , Huang Lining , Yu Liang , Zhou Yongxu , Jiang Xingming , Wang Hao , Li Chunlong , Su Zhilei , Tai Sheng , Zhong Xiangyu , Wang Zhidong , Cui Yunfu 
Published: August 2020

Background and Aims
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) and extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in various malignancies. We aimed to clarify the functions and mechanisms of dysregulated circRNAs in the cells and EVs of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA).

Approach and Results
CircRNA microarray was used to identify circRNA expression profiles in CCA tissues and bile‐derived EVs (BEVs). CCA‐associated circRNA 1 (circ‐CCAC1) expression was measured by quantitative real‐time PCR. The clinical importance of circ‐CCAC1 was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curves, Fisher’s exact test, Kaplan–Meier plots, and Cox regression model. The functions of circ‐CCAC1 and exosomal circ‐CCAC1 were explored in CCA cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), respectively. Different animal models were used to verify the in vitro results. RNA sequencing, bioinformatics, RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA pulldown, chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing, and luciferase reporter assays were used to determine the regulatory networks of circ‐CCAC1 in CCA cells and HUVECs. Circ‐CCAC1 levels were increased in cancerous bile‐resident EVs and tissues. The diagnostic and prognostic values of circ‐CCAC1 were identified in patients with CCA. For CCA cells, circ‐CCAC1 increased cell progression by sponging miR‐514a‐5p to up‐regulate Yin Yang 1 (YY1). Meanwhile, YY1 directly bound to the promoter of calcium modulating ligand to activate its transcription. Moreover, circ‐CCAC1 from CCA‐derived EVs was transferred to endothelial monolayer cells, disrupting endothelial barrier integrity and inducing angiogenesis. Mechanistically, circ‐CCAC1 increased cell leakiness by sequestering enhancer of zeste homolog 2 in the cytoplasm, thus elevating SH3 domain‐containing GRB2‐like protein 2 expression to reduce the levels of intercellular junction proteins. In vivo studies further showed that increased circ‐CCAC1 levels in circulating EVs and cells accelerated both CCA tumorigenesis and metastasis.

Conclusions
Circ‐CCAC1 plays a vital role in CCA tumorigenesis and metastasis and may be an important biomarker/therapeutic target for CCA.
Bidirectional Role of NLRP3 During Acute and Chronic Cholestatic Liver Injury
Authors: Frissen Mick , Liao Lijun , Schneider Kai Markus , Djudjaj Sonja , Haybaeck Johannes , Wree Alexander , Rolle‐Kampczyk Ulrike , von Bergen Martin , Latz Eicke , Boor Peter , Trautwein Christian 
Published: August 2020

Background and Aims
Cholestatic liver injury leads to cell death and subsequent inflammation and fibrosis. As shown for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), the mechanisms and circuits between different cell death pathways leading to disease progression are incompletely defined. Common bile duct ligation (BDL) is a well‐established murine model to mimic cholestatic liver injury. Here, we hypothesized that pyroptotic cell death by the Nucleotide‐Binding Domain, Leucine‐Rich‐Containing Family, Pyrin Domain‐Containing‐3 (Nlrp3) inflammasome plays an essential role during human and murine cholestasis.

Approach and Results
NLRP3 activation was analyzed in humans with cholestatic liver injury. Wild‐type (WT) and Nlrp3−/−
mice were subjected to BDL for 2 or 28 days. Chronic cholestasis in humans and mice is associated with NLRP3 activation and correlates with disease activity. Acute BDL in Nlrp3‐deficient mice triggered increased inflammation as well as liver injury, associated with stronger apoptotic and necroptotic cell death. In contrast, NLRP3 deletion led to decreased liver injury and inflammation in chronic cholestasis. Moreover, bridging fibrosis was observed in WT, but not in NLRP3 knockout, mice 28 days after BDL. In contrast, lack of NLRP3 expression attenuated kidney injury and fibrosis after acute and chronic BDL. Importantly, administration of MCC950, an NLRP3 small molecule inhibitor, reduced BDL‐induced disease progression in WT mice.

Conclusions
NLRP3 activation correlates with disease activity in patients with PBC. NLRP3 has a differential role during acute and chronic cholestatic liver injury in contrast to kidney injury. Disease progression during chronic cholestasis can be targeted through small molecules and thus suggests a potential clinical benefit for humans, attenuating liver and kidney injury.
The evaluation of efficiency and value addition of IFRS endorsement towards earnings timeliness disclosure
Authors: Mohsin Muhammad , Nurunnabi Mohammad , Zhang Jijian , Sun Huaping , Iqbal Nadeem , Iram Robina , Abbas Qaiser 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMeasurement of accounting information under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) plays an important role in the determination of earnings timeliness information and investor's decision making. This study assessed the compulsory acceptance of IFRS adoption. The study also measures the efficiency of Pakistani banking sector. We employed data envelopment analysis, SVAR and regression methods to measure Pakistani banks efficiency. The results show that the mandatory adoption of IFRS has increased earnings timeliness of information in all banks. The assessment of cumulative effect on banks by incorporating single weighted index value (ET index) reveals that IFRS increased timely profit and loss realization of banks. Comparatively the bank‐wise estimation of earning timeliness indices shows that IFRS does not shows a significant impact on earnings timeliness of commercial and specialized banks. Finally, the evaluation of IFRS policy shocks shows that earnings timeliness and stock returns are positively responding to change in reporting policy. Furthermore, we anticipate policy change to overcome the gap between asymmetrical earnings exposure and value relevancy of investors decision.
Rare gastrointestinal stromal tumor in an ileal conduit detected by recurrent massive bleeding from the stoma
Authors: Noda Michio , Matsuzawa Yukimasa , Nishimatsu Hiroaki , Murayama Shinichiro , Kishi Hirohisa , Nakamura Masaki , Kume Haruki 
Published: August 2020

IntroductionThe development of secondary tumors is a well‐known late adverse event after urinary diversion. However, the frequency of secondary tumors after an ileal conduit is the lowest compared to other methods used for urinary diversion. We observed a rare case of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor in an ileal conduit detected by recurrent massive bleeding from the stoma.Case presentationAn 87‐year‐old female was hospitalized at our hospital due to recurrent bleeding from a stoma 22 years after radical cystectomy. Contrast‐enhanced computed tomography revealed a 5‐cm mass in her ileal conduit. She underwent a complete resection of the tumor, a histological examination of which revealed it to be a gastrointestinal stromal tumor. The condition of the patient has been good showing no recurrence or metastases 4 years after surgery.ConclusionWe report a rare secondary tumor, a gastrointestinal stromal tumor, arising from an ileal conduit.
Estimating the Effect of Elagolix Treatment for Endometriosis on Postmenopausal Bone Outcomes: A Model Bridging Phase III Trials to an Older Real‐World Population
Authors: Kilpatrick Ryan D , Chiuve Stephanie E , Leslie William D , Wegrzyn Lani R , Gao Wei , Yang Hongbo , Soliman Ahmed M , Snabes Michael C , Koenigsberg Sarah , Zhong Jia , Xiang Cheryl , Watts Nelson B 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTElagolix, a gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone antagonist, is used in premenopausal women with endometriosis. There is a risk of bone loss with elagolix, but the long‐term effects of BMD loss later in life cannot be directly assessed and has not been quantified. To address this gap in knowledge, this study indirectly estimated the impact of elagolix on postmenopausal fracture risk. BMD change in premenopausal women with endometriosis treated with elagolix was modeled from the phase III program data (elagolix group) and used to simulate treatment effects on (fracture risk assessment tool estimated) 10‐year risks of hip and major osteoporotic fracture in women ages 50 to 79 years from the 2005–2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; N = 2303). Change in the proportion of women reaching risk‐based antiosteoporotic treatment thresholds was also estimated. For elagolix versus NHANES, median 10‐year risk of major osteoporotic fracture was 4.73% versus 4.70% in women ages 50 to 59 years, 7.03% versus 6.97% in women ages 60 to 69 years, and 10.83% versus 10.68% in women ages 70 to 79 years. Median 10‐year risk of hip fracture in these same groups was 0.19% versus 0.18% for women ages 50 to 59 years, 0.51% versus 0.49% for women 60 to 69 years, and 2.22% versus 2.14% for women 70 to 79 years. The proportion of women reaching risk‐based antiosteoporotic treatment thresholds caused by elagolix 150 mg daily for 12 months was 0.36% higher at age 50 to 59 years, 0.23% at age 60 to 69 years, and 1.79% at age 70 to 79 years. The number needed to harm was 643 for one additional hip fracture and 454 for one additional major osteoporotic fracture. Results were similar for elagolix 200 mg twice a day for 3 months. In the modeled scenarios, elagolix had minimal impact on long‐term risk of fracture and reaching risk‐based treatment thresholds. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Alkaline phosphatase dual‐binding sites for collagen dictate cell migration and microvessel assembly in vitro
Authors: Guerreiro Susana G. , Unger Ronald E. , Cerqueira Nuno M. F. S. A. , Sartoris Anne , Martins Maria J. , Barbosa Mário A. , Soares Raquel , Granja Pedro L. , Kirkpatrick Charles J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInteractions between cell types, growth factors, and extracellular matrix components involved in angiogenesis are crucial for new vessel formation leading to tissue regeneration. This study investigated whether cocultures of fibroblasts and endothelial cells (ECs; from macro‐ or microvasculature) play a role in the formation of microvessel‐like structures by ECs, as well as modulate fibroblast differentiation and growth factors production (vascular endothelial cell growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, active transforming growth factor‐β1, and interleukin‐8), which are important for vessel sprouting and maturation. Data obtained revealed that in vitro coculture systems of fibroblasts and human ECs stimulate collagen synthesis and growth factors production by fibroblasts that ultimately affect the formation and distribution of microvessel‐like structures in cell cultures. In this study, areas with activated fibroblasts and high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were also observed in cocultures. Molecular docking assays revealed that ALP has two binding positions for collagen, suggesting its impact in collagen proteins’ aggregation, cell migration, and microvessel assembly. These findings indicate that bioinformatics and coculture systems are complementary tools for investigating the participation of proteins, like collagen and ALP in angiogenesis.
Polarizable continuum models provide an effective electrostatic embedding model for fragment‐based chemical shift prediction in challenging systems
Authors: Unzueta Pablo A. , Beran Gregory J. O. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractAb initio nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shift prediction provides an important tool for interpreting and assigning experimental spectra, but it becomes computationally prohibitive in large systems. The computational costs can be reduced considerably by fragmentation of the large system into a series of contributions from many smaller subsystems. However, the presence of charged functional groups and the need to partition the system across covalent bonds create complications in biomolecules that typically require the use of large fragments and careful descriptions of the electrostatic environment. The present work shows how a model that combines chemical shielding contributions from non‐overlapping monomer and dimer fragments embedded in a polarizable continuum model provides a simple, easy‐to‐implement, and computationally inexpensive approach for predicting chemical shifts in complex systems. The model's performance proves rather insensitive to the continuum dielectric constant, making the selection of the optimal embedding dielectric less critical. The PCM‐embedded fragment model is demonstrated to perform well across systems ranging from molecular crystals to proteins.
Light‐emitting diode irradiation induces AKT/mTOR‐mediated apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cells and xenograft mouse model
Authors: Kim Young Mi , Ko Sung‐Hwa , Shin Yong‐Il , Kim Yeonye , Kim Taehyung , Jung Jaehoon , Lee Sang‐Yull , Kim Nam Gyun , Park Kyoung‐Jun , Ryu Ji Hyeon 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe beneficial effects of light‐emitting diode (LED) irradiation have been reported in various pathologies, including cancer. However, its effect in pancreatic cancer cells remains unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that blue LED of 460 nm regulated pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis by suppressing the expression of apoptosis‐related factors, such as mutant p53 and B‐cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‐2), and decreasing the expression of RAC‐β serine/threonine kinase 2 (AKT2), the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT), and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Blue LED irradiation also increased the levels of cleaved poly‐(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) and caspase‐3 in pancreatic cancer cells, while it suppressed AKT2 expression and inhibited tumor growth in xenograft tumor tissues. In conclusion, blue LED irradiation suppressed pancreatic cancer cell and tumor growth by regulating AKT/mTOR signaling. Our findings indicated that blue LEDs could be used as a nonpharmacological treatment for pancreatic cancer.
Invasive cardiac lipoma diagnosis based on echocardiography: Case report and literature review
Authors: Bai Ruocen , Zhang Yanfen , Wang Hefang , Yang Jun , Sun Dandan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractEchocardiography is first‐line examination of cardiac tumors. We report the case of a 25‐year‐old woman with a right atrial transmural invasive lipoma, and we review 58 published reports of primary cardiac invasive lipomas detected by echocardiography. We summarize the ultrasonographic characteristics and main sites of development, and examine the “invagination hypothesis”. Echocardiography appears valuable for early detection, intraoperative monitoring, and postoperative follow‐up of invasive cardiac lipomas.
Early intra‐abdominal hypertension: A reliable bedside prognostic marker for severe acute pancreatitis
Authors: Kurdia Kailash C , Irrinki Santhosh , Chala Arun V , Bhalla Ashish , Kochhar Rakesh , Yadav Thakur D 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackground and AimSevere acute pancreatitis (SAP) is commonly associated with intra‐abdominal hypertension (IAH). This acute increase of intra‐abdominal pressure (IAP) may be attributed to early organ dysfunction, leading to an increased morbidity and mortality. To assess the incidence of raised IAH and its correlation with other prognostic indicators and various outcomes in SAP.Methods and ResultsThis was a prospective observational study in patients of SAP between July 2009 and December 2010. All patients of SAP who were admitted to the hospital within 2 weeks of onset of pain were included in the study. A total of 35 patients with SAP were included in the study. Among these, 25 (71.4%) were males. All our patients had raised IAP; however, IAH was present in 51.4% (18/35). Patients with IAH were found to have a higher APACHE II score (88.9vs5.9%;P < 0.001), infectious complications (72.2vs5.9%;P < 0.001), circulatory failure (88.9vs0%;P < 0.001), and respiratory failure (100vs41.2%;P < 0.001). All the eight (22.8%) patients who succumbed to sepsis had IAH. Patients with IAH were found to have a significantly longer intensive care unit (ICU) stay (17.72vs12.29 days) and in‐hospital stay (24.89vs12.29 days).ConclusionIAH is a good negative prognostic marker in SAP, seen in up to 51.4%. IAH was found to have a significant negative impact on the outcome in terms of increased mortality, morbidity, in‐hospital stay, and ICU stay among the patients of SAP.