bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Site Effects Analysis of Shallow Subsurface Structures at Mashiki Town, Kumamoto, Based on Microtremor Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratios
Authors: Sun Jikai , Nagashima Fumiaki , Kawase Hiroshi , Matsushima Shinichi 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACTIn this study, we conducted a series of microtremor surveys to understand the contribution of soil amplifications to the heavy structural damage of wooden houses in downtown Mashiki, Kumamoto, Japan, during the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake. We analyzed the microtremor horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (MHVRs) of each observation site. A few previous studies have demonstrated the applicability of the earthquake horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios (EHVRs) to identify velocity structures. Therefore, we transformed the MHVRs into pseudo-EHVRs (pEHVRs) using the EHVR-to-MHVR ratio (EMR) method. We identified the velocity structures in Mashiki, according to the diffuse field concept (DFC) for earthquake, using the pEHVRs. We also estimated the seismological bedrock motions during the mainshock based on the DFC. We then performed the seismic ground response analyses of subsurface structures, using a 1D linear analysis and an equivalent linear analysis (ELA). Finally, we obtained the distribution maps of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and peak ground velocity (PGV) for Mashiki town. We obtained the following results: (a) the thickness of the soft sediment under the southwestern part of Mashiki is deeper than that under the northeastern part; (b) the thickness of the soft sediments was a primary cause of the heavy damage to buildings of Mashiki; (c) the ground motions estimated by the ELA method seemed to be close to the observed seismic ground motions in Mashiki; (d) the distribution of the estimated PGV in Mashiki had a close relationship with the damage ratio distribution of buildings; (e) the EMR method, along with the DFC for earthquake and the 1D ELA method, successfully simulated the strong motions that occurred during the mainshock in Mashiki.
Presentación del monográfico “La salud en la teoría y las vindicaciones feministas”
Authors: Nogueiras Belén 
Published: September 2020

En el ámbito de la salud se manifiestan con total claridad e intensidad los mecanismos de poder que históricamente ha utilizado el patriarcado para asegurarse la dominación de las mujeres. Las ciencias, las prácticas y las políticas sanitarias son potentísimas y necesarias herramientas para su control y subordinación.En el feminismo contemporáneo, los discursos sobre la salud, el malestar y la enfermedad de las mujeres han sido objeto de un profundo análisis crítico. Las tesis patriarcales sobre la debilidad innata de las mujeres, su frágil salud y su consecuente proclividad “natural” al desarrollo de problemas físicos y emocionales, han servido para sustentar su inferioridad, fundamentar la desigualdad y legitimar su subordinación. Por el contrario, el feminismo desvela que es precisamente el sistema de dominación de los hombres sobre las mujeres y las condiciones estructurales impuestas por el patriarcado en sus vidas las que dañan su salud, al añadir un sufrimiento al que conlleva la vida.Este número monográfico tiene el objetivo de ofrecer una perspectiva de las líneas de investigación que se están desarrollando en este campo desde diferentes disciplinas, así como de las acciones y vindicaciones feministas, tanto para la promoción y atención a la salud de las mujeres, como para la transformación de las ciencias, las prácticas y las políticas sanitarias en un sentido emancipatorio.
Comparison of different concentration of dexmedetomidine added to ropivacaine in ultrasound guided supraclavicular block for orthopedic forearm surgery-a prospective, randomized, comparative clinical study
Authors: Jain Ashish , P Chauhan Amit , Pandya Jaimin 
Published: September 2020

There is no fix and ideal dose is known for dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant in brachial plexus block. So this study was performed to evaluate different doses of dexmedetomidine added to 0.5% ropivacaine, with the primary outcome of the duration of analgesia. Secondary outcomes included the effect on block characteristics, sedation, hemodynamics and adverse effects.Totally 60 adult patients were randomly allocated to two equal groups (n = 30) using computer generated randomization. Patients in Group RD50 received 24 ml 0.5% ropivacaine + 50 µg of dexmedetomidine and Group RD100 received 24 ml 0.5% ropivacaine + 100 µg of dexmedetomidine in ultrasonography guided supraclavicular block.The primary aim was the duration of analgesia and secondary aim were onset and duration of the sensorimotor blockade, hemodynamic variables, sedation score, and adverse effects The data were interpreted with the help of t-test and Chi-square test.In group RD50, the onset of both sensory and motor block was 8.18 ± 1.49 min and 14.11 ± 2.09 min, respectively, while in group RD100 it was 8.23 ± 1.41 min and 14.06 ± 2.44 min, respectively. The duration of analgesia was similar in both groups (862.32 ± 45.51 vs. 864.43 ± 44.02 min; P &#62;.05). The occurrence of bradycardia was observed significantly greater in RD100 group patients.The addition of 100 µg dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine has similar effects on block characteristics and duration analgesia with a higher incidence of bradycardia as compare to 50 µg.
To study the role of various preventive measures in reducing the device associated infections in ICU
Authors: Kumar Rajan , Arora Harjeet Singh , Singh Ravi Paul , Singh Kanwardeep 
Published: September 2020

The ICU in a hospital has a vital role to play in delivering prompt, appropriate and adequate care to critically ill patients. Patients in ICU are at greatest risk of acquiring device associated hospital acquired infection (DA-HAI). Infection control practices are the need of hour to control these infections. Aim and objective of present study was to assess the role of preventive interventions in reducing the hospital acquired infection in ICU. The present study was conducted over a period of one year from November 2017 to August 2018 in the Department of Anesthesiology, Guru Nanak Dev Hospital, Amritsar. The study was conducted into pre and post interventional period to assess the role of preventive interventions in reducing the device associated acquired infections and results were statistically analysed. During pre interventional study period 16/262 (6.1%) patients developed device associated infection and rate per 1000 device days was 6.25/1000. After interventions 3/132(2.27%) patients developed device associated infection and rate was significantly reduced to 2.92/1000. The implementation of various infection control measures to control DA-HAIs is found to be effective during study. Systematically collected data and findings of our study can be utilized in the ICU setting as a basic step toward a better infection control strategy for improving patient care practices.
Comparison between bupivacaine and ropivacaine in thoracic epidural anaesthesia for modified radical mastectomy – A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chavan Shirishkumar , Aswini L , Ganesan Ilango , Radhika K , Uma R 
Published: September 2020

Modified radical mastectomies (MRM) is conventionally done under general anaesthesia. Various regional anesthetic techniques have also been used to provide effective analgesia in the perioperative period. This study was to compare the analgesia and hemodynamic effects of bupivacaine and ropivacaine when used in thoracic epidural for modified radical mastectomy. 67 patients scheduled for MRM were enrolled in the study. They were randomized into two groups – Group R and Group B. Through an epidural catheter inserted at T5-T6, the patients in Group R received 12ml of 0.5% ropivacaine whereas those in group B received 12 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine. After one hour, 4 ml of the test drug was repeated every 30 minutes till the end of surgery. Intraoperative hemodynamic, side effects and postoperative VAS scores were recorded. 60 patients completed the study and their results were analyzed. Statistically significant differences were observed in heart rate and mean arterial pressure between the two groups at various time intervals. The mean time of onset of the analgesia was shorter in Ropivacaine group 12.90±2.04mins, 19.27±5.51 in the Bupivacaine group. Post operative VAS scores were similar in both the groups. Patients in both groups were equally satisfied. High thoracic epidural is a safe and reliable alternative to general anaesthesia in modified radical mastectomies. Ropivacaine 0.5% is preferred due to its faster onset, better hemodynamic stability and good analgesia.
Postoperative tracheal extubation- The sequelae
Authors: Gupta Apoorva , Dhananjaya Manasa , Kotekar Nalini , P S Nagaraja 
Published: September 2020

The frequency of problems related to tracheal extubation probably exceeds those related to tracheal intubation. Our study was undertaken to determine the post extubation sequelae and haemodynamic responses during tracheal extubation. The study group consisted of randomly selected 250 adult patients in the age group of 18-65 years, belonging to ASA Grade I, II, III, posted for elective surgery under general anaesthesia. We observed the following; Haemodynamic changes [Heart rate (HR), Mean arterial pressure (MAP) changes] and immediate problems associated with post operative tracheal extubation such as bucking, breath holding, cough, airway obstruction, stridor, sorethroat, vomiting, aspiration, pulmonary oedema, residual paralysis occurring during the first 30 minutes of extubation.The changes in HR and MAP were significant soon after extubation (p&#60;0.00) with HR reaching baseline value at 10 min (p=0.074) whereas MAP continued to be significant(p=0.032) even at 30 min. Incidence of immediate problems associated with postoperative tracheal extubation was 38.4% and these were: Bucking – 26.8%, Breath holding – 4.8%, Persistent cough – 4%, Airway obstruction – 2.4%, Stridor – 0.4%, Sorethroat – 4%, Vomiting – 2.4%. There was no incidence of pulmonary aspiration, pulmonary oedema, residual paralysis. It is concluded that tracheal extubation causes haemodynamic instability and can be associated with detrimental responses.
A comparative study between intravenous Ondansetron and Granisetron in attenuation of hypotension during spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing caesarean section
Authors: Anisha  , Narayan Shiv 
Published: September 2020

Hypotension is most common intraoperative complication after spinal anesthesia during cesarean delivery. The Bezold–Jarisch reflex is one of the causes for occurrence of hypotension after spinal anesthesia through serotonin with decreased blood volume. Our aim of this study was to compare the two serotonin receptor antagonists Ondansetron and Granisetron to prevent spinal induced hypotension and bradycardia after spinal anesthesia in parturients undergoing cesarean sections.90 patients of ASA class-I and II, aged 20-40years, weight 40-80kilograms were included in this study. Patient with history of PIH, convulsion, any major comorbidity were excluded from study. Patients were assigned into 3 groups group A received 4 mg Ondansetron intravenously, group B received 1 mg Granisetron intravenously and group C received 10 ml of intravenous normal saline 5 min before spinal anaesthesia. The difference in mean was analyzed using post hoc Bonferroni test and ANOVA test. The difference in proportions was analyzed by using chi-square test.SBP, DBP and MBP were statistically lower in both Granisetron and Saline group as compared to Ondansetron group at most of the times after drug administration. Heart rate and shivering were comparable in the three groups. Nausea and vomiting was statistically more in saline group as compared to other groups. Use of ephedrine was also significantly more in saline group (37%).4mg intravenous Ondansetron prior to spinal anaesthesia in LSCS patients reduces the incidence of hypotension, bradycardia and need of vasopressor. Granisetron had no effect on haemodynamic parameters.
Role of dexmedetomidine infusion on post operative emergence agitation and quality of recovery after nasal surgery: A prospective randomized double blind controlled trial
Authors: Trivedi Lopa H , Marviya Jalja R , Parmar Sameer H 
Published: September 2020

Study aims to reduce the emergence agitation post operatively and improve the quality of recovery after nasal surgery which in-turn reduce the hospital stay and in-hospital mortality.Prospective, randomized, double blind studyAfter institutional review board approval and informed written consent from patients, seventy patients undergoing nasal surgery were selected & randomized into two groups. The dexmedetomidine group (Group D, n=35) received dexmedetomidine infusion @ rate of 0.4 μg/kg/hr from induction of anaesthesia until extubation, while the control group (Group C, n=35) received volume-matched normal saline infusion as placebo. Induction of anaesthesia was done using Propofol (2 mg/kg) and fentanyl (1 μg/kg). Maintainance of anaesthesia was done using inhalational sevoflurane & inj.vecuronium. The incidence of agitation, haemodynamic parameters, and recovery characteristics were evaluated during emergence. Patients were assessed for quality of recovery using a 15-item quality-of-recovery questionnaire (QoR-15) 24 hr after surgery.Data were analysed by using unpaired t -test, Chi-square test.The incidence of agitation was lower in group D than group C(22.8% vs 51%). HR and MAP were comparable in group D & group C. Extubation time & grade of cough during emergence were similar between the groups. QoR-15 score was significantly more in group D compare to group C at 24 hour after surgery.Intraoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine decreased incidence of agitation & improved quality of recovery after nasal surgery.
Święty Jacek w religijności ludowej i w kulturze polskiej
Authors: Świtała-Trybek Dorota 
Published: September 2020

Święty Jacek Odrowąż, dominikanin urodzony w Kamieniu Śląskim nieopodal Opola, kanonizowany w 1594 r. przez papieża Klemensa VIII, należy do najwybitniejszych postaci XIII wieku. Jest uważany za twórcę polskiej prowincji dominikanów za inicjatora powstania wielu klasztorów w Polsce, Prusach, Czechach (Znojnie, Igławie, Ołomuńcu, Pradze) i Austrii (we Friesach na pograniczu Styrii i Karyntii). Nazywany Apostołem Północnej Europy, Apostołem Słowian, Światłem Północy, Lux ex Silesiae (Światłem ze Śląska), prowadził misje ewangelizacyjne wśród ludów zamieszkujących dzisiejsze państwa bałtyckie oraz stepy nadczarnomorskie, także w Rusi Kijowskiej.
Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest próba omówienia i analizy kultu św. Jacka w polskiej tradycji i kulturze religijnej. Autorka przedstawia biografię świętego, legendy i podania z nim związane, także przysłowia, zwyczaje agrarne i kulinaria. Materiały, które stały się podstawą omówienia, pochodzą z badań terenowych, które autorka prowadziła w latach 2015–2020, jak i z dostępnej literatury przedmiotu.
Środa Popielcowa w liturgii Kościoła i obrzędowości ludowej. Tradycja a współczesność
Authors: Kupisiński Zdzisław 
Published: September 2020

Tematem artykułu jest prezentacja Środy Popielcowej w liturgii Kościoła oraz analiza sposobu przeżywania tego dnia w tradycji i pobożności ludowej, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zwyczajów i obrzędów. Autor, odwołując się do dokumentów Kościoła, zwraca uwagę na wartości płynące z połączenia dwóch form kultu, jakimi są liturgia i pobożność ludowa. W opracowaniu zagadnienia autor korzystał z literatury przedmiotu, a także prowadzonych przez siebie w subregionach opoczyńskim i radomskim stacjonarnych etnograficznych badań terenowych nad obrzędowością doroczną (lata 1990–1994) oraz funeralną (lata 1997–2006), w ostatnich latach posługiwał się również metodą obserwacji uczestniczącej.
Artykuł podzielony został na dwie części – w pierwszej autor przywołuje genezę liturgii Środy Popielcowej i historię towarzyszących jej obrzędów religijnych, charakteryzuje symbolikę popiołu (i jego obecność w praktykach pokutnych różnych tradycji), koncentrując się przede wszystkim na zwyczajach panujących niegdyś na polskiej wsi – uczestnictwo w liturgii, charakterystyczne postne posiłki, pokutny ubiór. Część druga opracowania ukazuje Środę Popielcową jako datę graniczną pomiędzy okresem karnawału i Wielkiego Postu, niegdyś był to bowiem dzień praktykowania ludowych obrzędów o rozrywkowym charakterze (np. „kłoda popielcowa” czy „babski comber”). Wiele z nich nawiązywało do dawnych przedchrześcijańskich obrzędów wiosennych, a ich kultywowanie miało na celu utylitarne korzyści. Autor ukazuje przemiany, jakie zaszły i wciąż zachodzą w polskim społeczeństwie w percepcji pierwszego dnia Wielkiego Postu. Podkreśla wymarcie wielu popularnych kiedyś obrzędów, wskazując również na aktualność i żywotność zwyczaju posypywania głów popiołem, który wciąż najpełniej oddaje przekaz Środy Popielcowej.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Lipid-based Nanoparticle Containing Ginger Extract against Aspergillus Species
Authors: Yakhchi Vahid , Jahanizadeh Shabnam , Yazdian Fatemeh , Rashedi Hamid , Haghiralsadat Bibi Fatemeh 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Loading the active ingredients of medicinal plants in lipid nanoparticles reduces the reaction of the active substance with the surrounding environment, such as water and oxygen, and reduces the intensity of transmission or evaporation to the external environment. In this study, intended to enhance efficacy of ginger extract, encapsulation in nanoliponiosome synthesized by thin-film hydration method were done and their antifungal effect on the growth of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus were studied.
Methods: In this experimental laboratory study, derivation was done using Soxhlet extractor method. Antifungal activity of ginger extract was specific by disc diffusion and microplate dilution methods. The inhibitory effect of extract was investigated. Physiochemical characteristics and structural characterization of nanoparticle were evaluated from the perspective of in vitro efficiency, drug release, nanoparticle size, zeta potential, surface morphology and FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy), DLS (Dynamic light scattering) and finally SEM (Scanning electron microscope) spectra.
Results: FTIR investigations showed ginger extract and nanoliponiosome had no chemical interaction leading to change the functional groups. SEM microscope showed the spherical mprphology of particles and average particles size of 73nm. Ginger extract was loaded into the nanoliponiosome with a yield of 71%. It was also found out that ginger extract had a stronger antifungal effect against Aspergillus flavus fungus compared to the Aspergillus parasiticus fungus. At both 37°C and 42°C, the release of ginger extract was higher at pH of 4.5 compared to neutral pH (7.4).
Conclusion: Nanoliponiosomes containing ginger extract with good physicochemical properties, increased drug stability and good release control can be promising antifungal agents with high antifungal effects and low side effects.
Suivi De La CinÃ©tique Du DÃ©veloppement Racinaire Des Plantes DestinÃ©es A La Stabilisation Des Talus Marneux De Lâ€™axe Autoroutier FÃ¨s-Taza (Nord Du Maroc)
Authors: Mouisat Aicha , Douaik Ahmed , Al Faiz Chaouki , Harrouni ChÃ©rif , Derradji Abdelkrim , Benaoda TlemÃ§ani Nour-Eddine 
Published: September 2020

Le passage de lâ€™autoroute FÃ¨s-Taza (Maroc) Ã travers des substrats marneux a engendrÃ© des talus particuliÃ¨rement sensibles Ã lâ€™Ã©rosion hydrique. En effet, sitÃ´t confectionnÃ©s, ces talus subissent diffÃ©rentes formes dâ€™Ã©rosion avec des sÃ©vÃ©ritÃ©s variant avec lâ€™intensitÃ© des pluies. Vu que la stabilisation mÃ©canique sâ€™est rÃ©vÃ©lÃ©e difficile et trop coÃ»teuse, les auteurs ont envisagÃ© de faire appel au gÃ©nie biologique mettant en Å“uvre les plantes qui contribuent au maintien du sol grÃ¢ce Ã leur systÃ¨me racinaire. Ce travail concerne lâ€™Ã©valuation de lâ€™effet, sur la stabilitÃ© du sol, de plusieurs espÃ¨ces vÃ©gÃ©tales plantÃ©es sur des talus marneux de lâ€™axe autoroutier FÃ¨s-Taza. Des espÃ¨ces prometteuses ont fait lâ€™objet dâ€™un suivi sous conditions contrÃ´lÃ©es pour mieux comprendre la cinÃ©tique du dÃ©veloppement de leurs racines. Il sâ€™agit de: Acacia cyanophylla, Arundo donax, Medicago arborea, Prosopis pubescens, Retama monosperma et Spartium junceum. Ce suivi a Ã©tÃ© rÃ©alisÃ© sur un substrat prÃ©levÃ© Ã partir des talus marneux de lâ€™autoroute FÃ¨s-Taza et mis dans des mini-rhizotrons pour suivre la croissance et lâ€™architecture du systÃ¨me racinaire. Acacia cyanophylla et Arundo donax, sont les espÃ¨ces qui ont montrÃ© les densitÃ©s racinaires les plus Ã©levÃ©es. Medicago arborea est lâ€™espÃ¨ce qui a enregistrÃ© la vitesse moyenne dâ€™allongement racinaire maximale parmi les espÃ¨ces testÃ©es (9,3 cm/mois). Ces six espÃ¨ces ont montrÃ© des caractÃ©ristiques complÃ©mentaires nÃ©cessaires au maintien des talus. On les recommande comme composition floristique dans des conditions similaires.
Gestion Des Dmards Conventionnels Dans La Polyarthrite RhumatoÃ¯de Au BÃ©nin : Quid De La BiothÃ©rapie
Authors: Zavier ZomalhÃ¨to , Calixte Assogba , Hilaire Dossou-yovo 
Published: September 2020

Objectif : Evaluer la gestion et lâ€™efficacitÃ© des DMARDs conventionnels chez les patients souffrant de PR au BÃ©nin. Patients et MÃ©thode : Etude transversale et analytique portant sur les patients suivis pour une PR et traitÃ©e par DMARDs. Le diagnostic de PR a Ã©tÃ© retenu sur la base des critÃ¨res EULAR/ACR 2010. Les donnÃ©es recueillies ont Ã©tÃ© analysÃ©es grÃ¢ce au logiciel SPSS17.0 RÃ©sultats : 156 patients souffrant de PR ont Ã©tÃ© Ã©valuÃ©s. L'Ã¢ge moyen des patients Ã©tait de 44,6 Â± 14,1 [15-69] ans et le sex- ratio Ã©tait de 0,14. Le facteur rhumatoÃ¯de Ã©tait prÃ©sent chez 88%, les anticorps anti-CCP Ã©taient prÃ©sents chez 69.20%. Lâ€™Ã¢ge moyen de dÃ©but de la maladie Ã©tait 32,7 Â± 7.03 [18-50]. La durÃ©e moyenne dâ€™Ã©volution Ã©tait de 10,3 Â± 7,1 [0,5-25] ans. Le DAS28 moyen au dÃ©but Ã©tait 5,71Â± 2.04. Au plan radiologique, le score moyen de Larsen Ã©tait de 38,55 Â± 16,94. La dose moyenne de Prednisone Ã©tait de 15 mg/jour. Les DMARDs utilisÃ©s Ã©taient : MÃ©thotrexate 15 Ã 20mg/semaine (150 cas), le lÃ©flunomide (6 cas), la salazopyrine 2g/j (27cas), hydroxychloroquine 400 mg / jour (24 cas). A 24 mois, le DAS28 moyen Ã©tait de 3, 91Â±2,01 et 23,7% des patients avaient une PR active. Conclusion : La disponibilitÃ© des DMARDs pose un problÃ¨me dans notre pays. Leur utilisation rationnelle associÃ©e Ã une faible dose de prednisone permet dâ€™Ã©pargner aux patients une biothÃ©rapie dont le coÃ»t reste hors de la portÃ©e des patients de notre pays Ã faible revenu.

Aim: To evaluate the management and efficacy of conventional DMARDs in RA patients in Benin. Patients and Method: Transversal and analytical study of patients followed for RA and treated with DMARDs. The diagnosis of RA was selected on the basis of EULAR/ACR 2010 criteria. The data collected were analysed using SPSS17.0 software. Results: 156 RA patients were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 44.6 Â± 14.1 [15-69] years and the sex ratio was 0.14. The mean age of the patients was 44.6 Â± 14.1 [15-69] and the sex ratio was 0.14. Rheumatoid factor was present in 88%, anti-CCP antibodies were present in 69.20%. The mean age of disease onset was 10.3 Â± 7.1 [0.5-25] years. The mean time to progression was 8.9 Â± 7.7 [1-30]. The mean DAS28 at onset was 5.71Â± 2.04 [1-30]. Radiologically, the mean feedback score was 38.55 Â± 16.94 [1-30]. The mean dose of Prednisone was 15 mg/day. The DMARDs used were: methotrexate 15-20 mg/week (150 cases), leflunomide (6 cases), salazopyrin 2g/day (27 cases), hydroxychloroquine 400 mg/day (24 cases). At 24 months, mean DAS28 was 3.91Â±2.01 and 23.7% of patients had active RA. Conclusion: Availability of DMARDs is a problem in our country. Their rational use associated with a low dose of prednisone saves patients from biotherapy, the cost of which remains out of reach for low-income patients in our country.