bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intact microstructure of the right corticostriatal pathway predicts creative ability in healthy adults
Authors: Rahmani Farzaneh , Sanjari Moghaddam Hossein , Aarabi Mohammad Hadi 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIntroductionCreativity is one of the most complex functions of the human brain. The corticostriatal pathways have been implicated in creative thinking, yet few studies have addressed the microstructural underpinnings of creative ability, especially those related to the corticostriatal dopaminergic circuitry. We hypothesized that performance in creativity tests can be predicted based on diffusion metrics of the corticostriatal pathways and basal ganglia.MethodsA total of 37 healthy adults were included. Neuropsychological tests of creativity, including the alternative uses task (AUT), test of creative imagery abilities (TCIA), remote associates test (RAT), and creative achievement questionnaire (CAQ), as well as diffusion MRI data were acquired for each participant.ResultsWe demonstrated an independent effect of TCIA originality and TCIA transformativeness subscores, and RAT score in predicting the mean diffusivity (MD), mean axial diffusivity (AD), mean fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean generalized FA of the right corticostriatal pathway. We also observed independent effects of AUT elaboration subscore in predicting the AD of the right substantia nigra, and radial diffusivity (RD) of the right globus pallidus.ConclusionOur results put a further spin on the “creative right brain” notion and question the presence of high‐creative and low‐creative networks in the brain.
Essential Oils of Foeniculum vulgare subsp. piperitum and Their in Vitro Anti‐Arthritic Potential
Authors: Marrelli Mariangela , Amodeo Valentina , Viscardi Florinda , De Luca Michele , Statti Giancarlo , Conforti Filomena 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWild Foeniculum vulgare subsp. piperitum (C.Presl) Bég. flowers, fruits and leaves were extracted with steam distillation and obtained essential oils (EOs) were characterized using GC/MS. The study was designed to verify the potential effectiveness of fennel EOs in the treatment of inflammation and arthritis. Since tissue proteins denaturation is a major cause of arthritic diseases, fennel EOs and their main constituents were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the heat‐induced proteins degradation using bovine serum albumin as a protein model. Moreover, the in vitro inhibitory effects of the three EOs on the pro‐inflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO) production were verified in LPS‐stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Estragole (28.81–33.40 %), anethole (24.16–27.40 %), fenchone (9.76–18.48 %), α‐phellandrene (1.63–8.37 %) and limonene (5.54–6.05 %) were the major constituents. All the EOs showed a concentration‐dependent biological activity, being the flower EO the most effective in inhibiting NO production (IC50=232.2±11.3 μg/mL). The leaf EO showed a very good bovine serum albumin (BSA) anti‐denaturation activity (IC50=95.9±2.4 μg/mL). Moreover, four components were proved to be effective in protecting protein from heat‐induced degradation, being α‐phellandrene the most active compound (IC50=73.2±1.9 μg/mL).
Comparing goals to outcomes for graduates of a competency‐based education program
Authors: Navarre Cleary Michelle 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe case for the efficacy of competency‐based education (CBE) has been hampered by the lack of research on the outcomes of CBE programs. Because so many programs are relatively new, the outcomes data that have been published do not extend much beyond graduation. In addition, it focuses almost exclusively on job‐related outcomes even though CBE learners have multiple goals.AimsThis study seeks to assess the enduring outcomes of a CBE program by comparing the goals students articulated upon starting the program to the outcomes they identified several years after it.MethodsThe initial goals that 68 graduates articulated when they began this program were used to develop a survey that was sent to the 58 students for whom contact information was available. Thirty‐three responded to the survey, resulting in a 57% response rate.Results & DiscussionThis CBE program had an enduring positive impact on the goals the students articulated when they started the program. Students started the program with more professional and personal than social goals, and they reported more professional and personal outcomes. The impact of the CBE program was most pronounced in personal outcomes.ConclusionThis study offers a limited contribution to the nascent research into the efficacy of CBE. It raises several questions for further study, including the extent to which the primary value of CBE is degree completion.
Look‐alikes, sound‐alikes: Three cases of insidious medication errors
Authors: Heck Johannes , Groh Adrian , Stichtenoth Dirk O. , Bleich Stefan , Krause Olaf 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPhysicians should be aware of look‐alike/sound‐alike (LASA) drug names. Clearly legible drug prescriptions, preferably via electronic drug prescription systems, and the use of Tall Man lettering may help to prevent LASA medication errors.
Unilateral laterothoracic exanthema in an adult
Authors: Chamli Amal , Souissi Asmahene , Midassi Olfa , Mokni Mourad 
Published: October 2020

AbstractUnilateral laterothoracic exanthema (ULE) is a benign self‐limited condition that spontaneously resolves in a few weeks. Occurring mostly in childhood, although few rare cases in adults have been also reported. Diagnosis of ULE is clinical, and laboratory investigations are not required.
Characterizing Polyoxovanadate‐Alkoxide Clusters Using Vanadium K‐Edge X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Meyer Rachel L. , Greer Samuel M. , Blake Anastasia V. , Cary Samantha K. , Ditter Alexander S. , Daly Scott R. , Li Feng , Kozimor Stosh A. , Matson Ellen M. , Mocko Veronika , Seidler Gerald T. , Stein Benjamin W. , Weinstein Samuel D. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA number of technologies would benefit from developing inorganic compounds and materials with specific electronic and magnetic exchange properties. Unfortunately, designing compounds with these properties is difficult because metal⋅⋅⋅metal coupling schemes are hard to predict and control. Fully characterizing communication between metals in existing compounds that exhibit interesting properties could provide valuable insight and advance those predictive capabilities. One such class of molecules are the series of Lindqvist iron‐functionalized and hexavanadium polyoxovanadate‐alkoxide clusters, which we characterized here using V K‐edge X‐ray absorption spectroscopy. Substantial changes in the pre‐edge peak intensities were observed that tracked with the V 3d‐electron count. The data also suggested substantial delocalization between the vanadium cations. Meanwhile, the FeIII cations were electronically isolated from the polyoxovanadate core.
High Efficiency Sky‐Blue Gold(III)‐TADF Emitters**
Authors: Zhou Dongling , Cheng Gang , Tong Glenna So Ming , Che Chi‐Ming 
Published: October 2020

AbstractHighly efficient sky‐blue luminescent gold(III) complexes with emission quantum yields up to 82 %, lifetimes down to 0.67 μs and emission peak maxima at 470–484 nm were prepared through a consideration of pincer gold(III) donor–acceptor complexes. Photophysical studies and time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations revealed that the emission nature of these gold(III) complexes is most consistent with TADF. Solution‐processed OLEDs with these gold(III) complexes as dopants afforded electroluminescence maxima at 465–473 nm with FWHM of 64–67 nm and maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of up to 15.25 %. This research demonstrates the first example of gold(III)‐OLEDs showing electroluminescence maxima at smaller than 470 nm, and highlights the potential of using gold(III)‐TADF emitters in the development of high efficiency blue OLEDs and blue emissive dopant in WOLEDs.
Silica‐Supported Phosphine–Gold Complexes as an Efficient Catalytic System for a Dearomative Spirocyclization
Authors: Cao Zhen , Scalabre Antoine , Nlate Sylvain , Buffière Sonia , Oda Reiko , Pouget Emilie , Bibal Brigitte 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe combination of metal catalyst and inorganic silica frameworks provides a greener approach to recyclable catalysis. In this study, three phosphine–gold chloride complexes have been successfully covalently grafted onto chiral silica nanohelices. The resulting 3D ensembles showed chiroptical properties that allowed the monitoring of the supported ligands. The heterogeneous gold chloride catalysts in cooperation with silver triflate exhibited high reactivity in various reactions, especially in the spirocyclization of aryl alkynoate esters, for which a catalytic loading of 0.05 mol % could be employed. The heterogeneous catalysts could be easily recovered and recycled seven or eight times without any loss of efficiency. By adding more silver triflate, 25 cycles with full conversion were achieved owing to a complex catalytic system based on silica and metallic species.
A Nanoprobe Based on Gated Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for The Selective and Sensitive Detection of Benzene Metabolite t,t‐Muconic Acid in Urine
Authors: Domínguez Marcia , Blandez Juan F. , Lozano‐Torres Beatriz , de la Torre Cristina , Licchelli Maurizio , Mangano Carlo , Amendola Valeria , Sancenón Félix , Martínez‐Máñez Ramón 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBenzene is a highly toxic aromatic hydrocarbon. Inhaling benzene can cause dizziness, vertigo, headaches, aplasia, mutations and, in the most extreme cases, cancer. Trans,trans‐muconic acid (t,t‐MA) is one of the metabolization products of benzene. Although different analytical methods have been reported for the determination of t,t‐MA, these are often expensive, require trained personnel, are not suitable for on‐site measurements, and use hazardous organic solvents. For these reasons, the development of reliable, selective and sensitive methods for rapid and in situ detection of t,t‐MA are of importance. Addressing this challenge, a nanodevice for the selective and sensitive quantification of t,t‐MA in urine is reported. The nanodevice used is achieved using mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with a dye reporter and capped with a dicopper(II) azacryptand. Pore opening and payload release is induced rapidly (10 min) and selectively with t,t‐MA in urine, using a simple fluorimeter without sample pretreatment.
Generation of α‐Boryl Radicals and Their Conjugate Addition to Enones: Transition‐Metal‐Free Alkylation of gem‐Diborylalkanes
Authors: Wu Chaoqiang , Bao Zhicheng , Dou Bowen , Wang Jianbo 
Published: October 2020

AbstractA transition‐metal‐free method for the alkylation of gem‐diborylalkanes with α,β‐unsaturated ketones has been developed. It is demonstrated that the α‐boryl radicals can be generated efficiently from gem‐diborylalkanes with the aid of catechol and oxidants. The α‐boryl radicals formed through such process can be engaged in conjugate addition reaction with α,β‐unsaturated ketones. This transformation is a straightforward method for the synthesis of γ‐borylketones.
Memoirs of the First 50 Years of the European Federation for Medicinal Chemistry (EFMC)
Authors: Timmerman Henk 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThese memoirs span the first fifty years of the European Federation for Medicinal Chemistry (EFMC). They are the personal observations and remembrance of Prof. Henk Timmerman, who witnessed how the EFMC developed since its inception in December 1969, and are published at the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the EFMC. They include, with permission from the EFMC, material that was previously published in EFMC newsletters. These texts are for the first time united and completed, to tell the history of an organization that has accompanied and shaped the development of medicinal chemistry in Europe. They also highlight, through facts and anecdotes, the role of the men and women who are the scientific leaders and drivers of this extended scientific community.
Inosine 5'‐Monophosphate to Raise Serum Uric Acid Level in Multiple System Atrophy (IMPROVE‐MSA study)
Authors: Jung Lee Jae , Han Yoon Jung , Jin Kim Sang , Soo Yoo Han , Jong Chung Seok , Hyun Lee Yang , Yun Kang Suk , Shin Hae‐Won , Keun Song Sook , Yong Hong Jin , Sunwoo MunKyung , Eun Lee Ji , Sam Baik Jong , Sohn Young H. , Hyu Lee Phil 
Published: October 2020

The aim of this trial was to investigate the safety, tolerability, and capability of serum uric acid (UA) elevation of inosine 5'‐monophosphate (IMP) in multiple system atrophy (MSA). The IMPROVE‐MSA trial was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial in patients with MSA with no history of hyperuricemia‐related disorders. The participants were assigned to placebo (n = 25) or IMP (n = 30) in a 1 to 1 ratio, and then followed up for 24 weeks. The primary end points included safety, tolerability, and alteration of the serum UA level during the follow‐up period. The secondary end points were changes in scores of the unified MSA rating scale (UMSARS) and the Mini‐Mental Status Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The total number of adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs was comparable between the active and placebo groups. Serum UA level (mg/dL) was significantly increased from baseline (active vs. placebo, 4.57 vs. 4.58; P = 0.98) to study end point (6.96 vs. 4.43; P < 0.001) in the active group compared with the placebo group (time × group interaction; P < 0.001). The change in UMSARS scores did not differ between the active and placebo groups. However, the active group showed better alterations in MoCA scores with nominal significance (P < 0.001) and tendency for better alterations in MMSE scores (P = 0.09) than the placebo group. Our data demonstrated that IMP treatment was generally safe and well‐tolerated in patients with MSA. A further trial with a long‐term follow‐up is required to examine whether UA elevation will slow clinical progression in early MSA.
Genetic drift and bottleneck do not influence diversity in Toll‐like receptor genes at a small spatial scale in a Himalayan passerine
Authors: Nandakumar Mridula , Ishtiaq Farah 
Published: October 2020

AbstractGenetic diversity is important for long‐term viability of a population. Low genetic diversity reduces persistence and survival of populations and increases susceptibility to diseases. Comparisons of the neutral markers with functional loci such as immune genes [Toll‐like receptors; TLR] can provide useful insights into evolutionary potential of a species and how the diversity of pathogens and selection pressures on their hosts are directly linked to their environment. In this study, we compare genetic diversity in neutral (eleven microsatellite loci) and adaptive (seven TLR loci) loci to determine genetic variation in a nonmigratory western Himalayan passerine, the black‐throated tit (Aegithalos concinnus), distributed across an elevation gradient with varying degree of pathogen‐mediated selection pressure. We further compare the diversity in TLR loci with a high‐elevation sister species, the white‐throated tit (Aegithalos niveogularis). Our results indicate a lack of population genetic structure in the black‐throated tit and signatures of a past bottleneck. In contrast, we found high diversity in TLR loci and locus‐specific (TLR7) signatures of pathogen‐mediated selection, which was comparable to diversity in the white‐throated tit. Levels of diversity at TLR5 locus corresponded very closely with neutral microsatellite variation. We found evidence of positive selection in TLR1LA, TLR5, and TLR7 loci highlighting the importance in pathogen recognition. Our finding demonstrates that reduction in neutral variation does not necessarily lead to reduction in functional genetic diversity and probably helps in revival of population in a widespread species.
Telemonitoring in patients with chronic heart failure and moderate depressed symptoms: results of the Telemedical Interventional Monitoring in Heart Failure (TIM‐HF) study
Authors: Koehler Johanna , Stengel Andreas , Hofmann Tobias , Wegscheider Karl , Koehler Kerstin , Sehner Susanne , Rose Matthias , Deckwart Oliver , Anker Stefan D. , Koehler Friedrich , Laufs Ulrich 
Published: October 2020

AimsDepression is a frequent comorbidity in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Telemonitoring has emerged as a novel option in CHF care. However, patients with depression have been excluded in most telemedicine studies. This pre‐specified subgroup analysis of the Telemedical Interventional Monitoring in Heart Failure (TIM‐HF) trial investigates the effect of telemonitoring on depressive symptoms over a period of 12 months.Methods and resultsThe TIM‐HF study randomly assigned 710 patients with CHF to either usual care (UC) or a telemedical intervention (TM) using non‐invasive devices for daily monitoring electrocardiogram, blood pressure and body weight. Depression was evaluated by the 9‐item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9) with scores ≥10 defining clinically relevant depressive symptoms. Mixed model repeated measures were performed to calculate changes in PHQ‐9 score. Quality of life was measured by the Short Form‐36. At baseline, 156 patients had a PHQ‐9 score ≥10 points (TM: 79, UC: 77) with a mean of 13.2 points indicating moderate depressiveness. Patients randomized to telemedicine showed an improvement of their PHQ‐9 scores, whereas UC patients remained constant (P = 0.004). Quality of life parameters were improved in the TM group compared to UC. Adjustment was performed for follow‐up, New York Heart Association class, medication, age, current living status, number of hospitalizations within the last 12 months and serum creatinine. In the study population without depression, the PHQ‐9 score was similar at baseline and follow‐up.ConclusionTelemedical care improved depressive symptoms and had a positive influence on quality of life in patients with CHF and moderate depression.
Time course of DNA methylation in pain conditions: From experimental models to humans
Authors: Møller Johansen Lonnie , Gerra Maria Carla , Arendt‐Nielsen Lars 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThroughout the last decade, research has uncovered associations between pain and epigenetic alterations caused by environmental factors. Specifically, studies have demonstrated correlations between pain conditions and altered DNA methylation patterns. Thus, DNA methylation has been revealed as a possible modulator or contributor to pain conditions, providing a potential therapeutic target for treatment by DNA methylation modification. To develop such treatments, it is necessary to clarify a wide number of aspects on how DNA methylation affects pain perception; first and foremost, the temporal dynamics. The objective of the present review is to provide an overview of current knowledge on temporal dynamics of DNA methylation in response to pain, and to investigate if a timeframe can be established based on the data of currently published studies.Databases and data treatmentPubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar and Embase were searched comprehensively for studies of DNA methylation in neuropathic, inflammatory and alternative animal pain models, and in chronic pain patients including Complex Regional Pain Syndrome, chronic postsurgical pain, chronic widespread pain, fibromyalgia and Crohn's disease.ResultsWe identified 34 articles highlighting variations in temporal dynamics of DNA methylation across species and between different types of pain. These studies represent a starting point to uncover new insights in the DNA methylation time course in pain.ConclusionsNo timeframe can currently be made for the DNA methylation response to pain in any of the reviewed conditions, highlighting an important focus area for future research.
Interpretation of cluster structures in pain‐related phenotype data using explainable artificial intelligence (XAI)
Authors: Lötsch Jörn , Malkusch Sebastian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackgroundIn pain research and clinics, it is common practice to subgroup subjects according to shared pain characteristics. This is often achieved by computer‐aided clustering. In response to a recent EU recommendation that computer‐aided decision making should be transparent, we propose an approach that uses machine learning to provide (1) an understandable interpretation of a cluster structure to (2) enable a transparent decision process about why a person concerned is placed in a particular cluster.MethodsComprehensibility was achieved by transforming the interpretation problem into a classification problem: A sub‐symbolic algorithm was used to estimate the importance of each pain measure for cluster assignment, followed by an item categorization technique to select the relevant variables. Subsequently, a symbolic algorithm as explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) provided understandable rules of cluster assignment. The approach was tested using 100‐fold cross‐validation.ResultsThe importance of the variables of the data set (6 pain‐related characteristics of 82 healthy subjects) changed with the clustering scenarios. The highest median accuracy was achieved by sub‐symbolic classifiers. A generalized post‐hoc interpretation of clustering strategies of the model led to a loss of median accuracy. XAI models were able to interpret the cluster structure almost as correctly, but with a slight loss of accuracy.ConclusionsAssessing the variables importance in clustering is important for understanding any cluster structure. XAI models are able to provide a human‐understandable interpretation of the cluster structure. Model selection must be adapted individually to the clustering problem. The advantage of comprehensibility comes at an expense of accuracy.
A new UHF/ultra wideband‐radio frequency identification system to solve coexistence issues of ultra wideband‐radio frequency identification and other in‐band narrowband systems
Authors: Mir‐Moghtadaei Sayed Vahid 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a new Ultra Wideband‐Radio Frequency Identification (UWB‐RFID) transceiver to mitigate the coexistence issues of RFID systems and IEEE802.11.a WLAN or other narrowband (NB) systems. The UWB pulse used in the RFID tag is a frequency up‐conversion of the Gaussian pulse first derivative, which has a null in the frequency spectrum. The null is adjusted to be at the center frequency of the WLAN signal, mitigating the mutual interference between RFID and NB systems. In the receiving state, the proposed RFID reader operates in five modes: interference detection, transmitter frequency adjustment by sending commands to the tag, time‐window synchronization, phase and frequency locking, and data reception. During the interference detection mode, the reader serves as a superheterodyne receiver, while it works as an envelope and matched‐filter receiver in the synchronization and locking modes, respectively. In this paper, we show analytically that the reader's frequency in a Phase‐Locked Loop (PLL) can lock on the null frequency of the transmitted signal by the tag. Furthermore, the reader's performance with particular emphasis on PLL and synchronization in the presence of a strong NB interferer is also evaluated. Simulation results demonstrate that the frame synchronization and the phase and frequency lock of the proposed UWB‐RFID transceiver are possible.