bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract PR02: Epigenetic biomarkers in cell-free DNA for early detection of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Tew Ben Yi , Gooden Gerald , Buckley David N. , Miller Heather , Spillman Monique , Roman Lynda , Salhia Bodour 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy, with a 5-year survival rate of 40% or less when diagnosed with late-stage disease. There is a dramatic benefit to early diagnosis of HGSOC with a 5-year survival rate of nearly 90% for stage I disease. Unfortunately, the majority of HGSOC is diagnosed as late-stage disease and there are no reliable early screening or diagnostic tests. The objective of this study is to identify tumor-specific aberrant DNA methylation alterations detectable in circulation in order to develop a biomarker to detect early-stage HGSOC.
Methods: We performed reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) on 33 stage 1 HGSOC tissues and 10 normal fallopian tube tissue samples from contralateral ovaries of patients with ovarian cancer. We selected the top 82 regions from RRBS for validation by targeted bisulfite amplicon sequencing in plasma. We successfully designed assays for 35 out of 82 regions. Targeted bisulfite amplicon sequencing was performed on these top 35 regions in a separate cohort of circulating tumor DNA extracted from 27 stage 1 HGSOC and 11 benign ovarian masses. We constructed a novel classifier model that we used to differentiate between patients with HGSOC and those with benign ovarian lesions.
Results: We identified 10,972 statistically significant differentially methylated regions between stage 1 HGSOC and normal fallopian tube tissues using RRBS. We then applied the classifier model on the top 35 regions determined by targeted bisulfite amplicon sequencing data on an independent cohort of plasma samples. This demonstrated that 13 of the 35 regions were able to discriminate stage 1 HGSOC from benign tumors with a high sensitivity and specificity (Area Under Curve = 0.909).
Conclusions: These novel, noninvasive biomarkers show promise as an early detection test for high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
This abstract is also being presented as Poster A08.
Citation Format: Ben Yi Tew, Gerald Gooden, David N. Buckley, Heather Miller, Monique Spillman, Lynda Roman, Bodour Salhia. Epigenetic biomarkers in cell-free DNA for early detection of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Liquid Biopsies; Jan 13-16, 2020; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2020;26(11_Suppl):Abstract nr PR02.
Eurytemora affinis (Poppe, 1880) (Copepoda, Calanoida) in the Gulf of Riga, Baltic Sea — elemental composition and diurnal vertical migration
Authors: Labuce Astra , Strake Solvita , Dimante-Deimantovica Inta 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The present paper reports the results of two surveys conducted in the Gulf of Riga (Baltic Sea) during 1997. Elemental composition (carbon and nitrogen) and diurnal vertical migration (DVM) throughout development of the calanoid copepod Eurytemora affinis (Poppe, 1880) were studied. This is a species with a high genetic and morphological heterogeneity, inhabiting a seasonally stratified, herring (Clupea harengus Linnaeus, 1758) rich ecosystem. The DVM of copepods is a widespread advantageous behaviour, although with several trade-offs. At the expense of time spent in the food-richer surface layer, copepods avoid visual predators (planktivorous fish) by descending to greater depths, thereby decreasing their mortality. Being a part of the food web, copepods themselves serve as a source of nutrients with specific elemental contents. In the present study, we observed differences both in DVM and elemental content between the developmental stages of the studied species. The majority (57-89%) of nauplii and 1st to 3rd copepodids were found near the thermocline during daytime, whereas at night they were detected above the thermocline. The 5th stage copepodids and adults displayed evident nocturnal ascent, when most (>90%) individuals moved above 15 m depth. During daytime, they tended to disperse throughout the water column. Carbon (C%) and nitrogen (N%) in dry weight of E. affinis increased with ontogenetic development, reaching the highest values in 4th to 5th copepodids and adults. Adult males showed higher values of C% and N%, as well as an increased C : N molar ratio, compared to adult non-ovigerous females. The amount of time spent at the food-richer surface layer appeared to be related to N% in E. affinis.
Pain in the aftermath of minimal invasive treatment for unilateral incompetence of the great saphenous vein
Authors: Bossart Simon , Amsler Felix , Romer-Schenk Gabriele , Duchini Sarah , Willenberg Torsten 
Published: June 2020

Objectives Assessment of postprocedural pain after minimal invasive treatment of unilateral incompetence of the great saphenous vein. Methods A total of 85 patients treated with endovenous laser ablation (1470 nm) in combination with foam sclerotherapy and evulsions reported postprocedural pain on a visual analogue scale (0–10) during 28 days after treatment. Results A mean pain reduction from 3.9 on the first postinterventional day to 0.3 was noted during the observation time. After 28 days, 7% of patients had a visual analogue scale >1. Higher body mass index was strongly associated with more pain during the whole follow-up period ( p < 0.01). Higher energy application per cm vein and greater great saphenous vein diameter showed more pain in the first week. Other factors like clinical stage CEAP classification, combination of laser with avulsions and/or sclerotherapy, season of treatment timepoint, and age or sex did not influence postinterventional pain course. Conclusion Higher body mass index and higher energy application per cm are associated with more postprocedural pain after endovenous laser ablation.
Acupuncture inhibited airway inflammation and group 2 innate lymphoid cells in the lung in an ovalbumin-induced murine asthma model
Authors: Cui Jie , Dong Ming , Yi La , Wei Ying , Tang Weifeng , Zhu Xueyi , Dong Jingcheng , Wang Wenqian 
Published: June 2020

Background Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are known to serve important functions in the pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation. Studies have shown that acupuncture has an anti-inflammatory effect in the airways. However, how acupuncture treatment affects innate immunity, especially with regard to the function of ILC2s in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway inflammation, is poorly understood. Methods BALB/c mice were injected and subsequently challenged with OVA ± treated with manual acupuncture. At the end of the experimental course, lung function was assessed by measurement of airway resistance (RL) and lung dynamic compliance (Cdyn). Cytokine levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ILC2 proportions in the lung were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results The results showed that airway inflammation and mucus secretion were significantly suppressed by acupuncture treatment. RL decreased while Cdyn increased after acupuncture treatment. There was an apparent decrease in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) concentrations of interleukin (IL)-5, IL-13, IL-9, IL-25 and IL-33 and an increase in soluble IL-33 receptor (sST2) levels compared with untreated asthmatic mice. Acupuncture also reduced the lin–CD45+KLRG1+ST2+ cell proportion in the lung. Conclusion In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that acupuncture treatment alleviates allergic airway inflammation and inhibits pulmonary ILC2 influx and IL-5, IL-9 and IL-13 production. The inhibition of ILC2s by acupuncture may be associated with the IL-33/ST2-signaling pathway and IL-25 levels, thereby offering protection from the respiratory inflammation associated with asthma.
The Untimely Death, Fall of the Male Figure and Disintegration of Family in Albee’s A Delicate Balance
Authors: Rakhees Arafat Abdali , Al-Hajaj Jinan F. B. 
Published: June 2020

Based on a Freudian psychoanalytic theory, this paper investigates the failures of 1 family in relation to the sudden and untimely death of their only son, Teddy in Edward’s Albee’s A Delicate Balance. It explores Tobias’s personality in terms of Freudian psychoanalytic concepts: sexuality, melancholia, the tripartite psyche and defence mechanisms in order to reveal the unconscious motivations for his behaviour and actions. It also exposes the underlying psychological causes that precipitate the emergence of Tobias’s abnormal character, sexual deviation and the defence mechanisms he adopts so as to defend his ego against feelings of pain and anxiety. The paper attempts to show that the traumatic experiences a person undergoes through his/her life affect his behaviour and actions, and leave a deep scar on his/her own psyche. Besides, it argues that the fear of the unknown, or death, is the catalyst for change in A Delicate Balance and the matter that impacts Tobias and triggers his perverse, passive and indifferent personality. In Albee’s A Delicate Balance, a dysfunctional family is troubled by the death of a family member that occurred more than 30 years ago. Teddy’s death has traumatised the entire household and dated its gradual downfall. Tobias, the father, seems to be the one most shaken by it and on whose account, each and every family member sustains heavy losses. The loss of Teddy makes Tobias hand his role as the head of the family over to his wife, Agnes, and causes his emotional and physical estrangement from her. Afraid to experience another heartbreak, Tobias almost cuts his emotional ties with his daughter, Julia who feels abandoned and unwanted after her brother’s death. Claire loses favour with her sister, Agnes, and sinks deeper in her mess. Suspecting her own sister of seducing Tobias right after Teddy’s death, Agnes incurs a triple loss of son, husband and sister. In all, the Tobias household is rocked to its foundation by Teddy’s death and its corollaries continue to embitter the family and disturb its balance.
A Soundtrack for Reimagining Pakistan? Coke Studio, Memory and the Music Video
Authors: Williams Richard David , Mahmood Rafay 
Published: June 2020

Since 2007, Coke Studio has rapidly become one of the most influential platforms in televisual, digital and musical media, and has assumed a significant role in generating new narratives about Pakistani modernity. The musical pieces in Coke Studio’s videos re-work a range of genres and performing arts, encompassing popular and familiar songs, as well as resuscitating classical poetry and the musical traditions of marginalised communities. This re-working of the creative arts of South Asia represents an innovative approach to sound, language, and form, but also poses larger questions about how cultural memory and national narratives can be reimagined through musical media, and then further reworked by media consumers and digital audiences. This article considers how Coke Studio’s music videos have been both celebrated and criticised, and explores the online conversations that compared new covers to the originals, be they much loved or long forgotten. The ways in which the videos are viewed, shared, and dissected online sheds light on new modes of media consumption and self-reflection. Following specific examples, we examine the larger implications of the hybrid text–video–audio object in the digital age, and how the consumers of Coke Studio actively participate in developing new narratives about South Asian history and Pakistani modernity.
The use of everyday technologies to enhance well-being and enjoyment for people living with dementia: A systematic literature review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Sweeney Laura , Clarke Christopher , Wolverson Emma 
Published: June 2020

Background Everyday technologies, such as laptops and tablets, are often used for enjoyment, pleasure, leisure and social participation. Despite this, whilst considerable research has investigated exploring people’s experiences of using assistive technologies, it is not clear how everyday technologies are experienced by individuals living with dementia. The aims of this review were to explore the experiences and views of people living with dementia and carers about using everyday technology to enhance their well-being and enjoyment, social engagement, participation and leisure as well as understand their views about the usability of everyday technology in dementia. Methods A systematic search of the literature was conducted using the electronic databases: PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, CINAHL Complete and EThOS. Five qualitative studies and five mixed-method studies were included and synthesised using a narrative approach. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Qualitative Quality Appraisal, which uncovered key variation in the quality of the included, synthesised studies. Findings The review suggests that everyday technologies can help support well-being, particularly when technology is used in a group setting and when individuals received the right amount of support to help engage in the technology. Four major themes relating to experiences and views were derived from the findings of the 10 included studies: ‘Technology use maintaining a sense of identity’, ‘Assumptions held by the self and others’, ‘The importance of others’ and ‘The usability of technology influencing effective engagement’. Conclusions Overall, everyday technologies appear to have a positive impact on different aspects of the well-being of people living with dementia. Clinical implications of these findings include supporting opportunities for people living with dementia to use everyday technology for enjoyment and making these technologies more widely available and accessible.
Transcriptome of Sphaerospora molnari (Cnidaria, Myxosporea) blood stages provides proteolytic arsenal as potential therapeutic targets against sphaerosporosis in common carp
Authors: Hartigan Ashlie , Kosakyan Anush , Pecková Hana , Eszterbauer Edit , Holzer Astrid S. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundParasites employ proteases to evade host immune systems, feed and replicate and are often the target of anti-parasite strategies to disrupt these interactions. Myxozoans are obligate cnidarian parasites, alternating between invertebrate and fish hosts. Their genes are highly divergent from other metazoans, and available genomic and transcriptomic datasets are limited. Some myxozoans are important aquaculture pathogens such asSphaerospora molnarireplicating in the blood of farmed carp before reaching the gills for sporogenesis and transmission. Proliferative stages cause a massive systemic lymphocyte response and the disruption of the gill epithelia by spore-forming stages leads to respiratory problems and mortalities. In the absence of aS. molnarigenome, we utilized a de novo approach to assemble the first transcriptome of proliferative myxozoan stages to identifyS. molnariproteases that are upregulated during the first stages of infection when the parasite multiplies massively, rather than in late spore-forming plasmodia. Furthermore, a subset of orthologs was used to characterize 3D structures and putative druggable targets.ResultsAn assembled and host filtered transcriptome containing 9436 proteins, mapping to 29,560 contigs was mined for protease virulence factors and revealed that cysteine proteases were most common (38%), at a higher percentage than other myxozoans or cnidarians (25–30%). Two cathepsin Ls that were found upregulated in spore-forming stages with a presenilin like aspartic protease and a dipeptidyl peptidase. We also identified downregulated proteases in the spore-forming development when compared with proliferative stages including an astacin metallopeptidase and lipases (qPCR). In total, 235 transcripts were identified as putative proteases using a MEROPS database. In silico analysis of highly transcribed cathepsins revealed potential drug targets within this data set that should be prioritised for development.ConclusionsIn silico surveys for proteins are essential in drug discovery and understanding host-parasite interactions in non-model systems. The present study ofS. molnari’s protease arsenal reveals previously unknown proteases potentially used for host exploitation and immune evasion. The pioneering dataset serves as a model for myxozoan virulence research, which is of particular importance as myxozoan diseases have recently been shown to emerge and expand geographically, due to climate change.
Evaluation of manual chest compressions according to the updated cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines and the impact of feedback devices in an educational resuscitation course
Authors: Urushibata Nao , Murata Kiyoshi , Endo Hideki , Yoshiyuki Ayako , Otomo Yasuhiro 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
The cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines revised in 2015 recommend target chest compression rate (CCR) and chest compression depth (CCD) of 100–120 compressions per minute (cpm) and 5–6 cm, respectively. We hypothesized that the new guidelines are harder to comply with, even with proper feedback.

Methods
This prospective observational study using data collected from the participants of an Immediate Cardiac Life Support course included the evaluation of chest compressions using performance data from a feedback device after the completion of the course. Participants completed chest compressions for 1 min and were provided with feedback, after which they performed another cycle of CC. Primary outcome measures were CCR and CCD as well as the correct CCR percentage and CCD percentage for pre and post feedback.

Results
The study included a total of 88 participants. The median pre-CCR was 112.5 cpm (interquartile range [IQR] 108–116 cpm), and the median correct pre-CCR percentage was 96% (IQR 82.5–99.5%). After the feedback, there was a slight increase in the correct CCR percentage (99% [IQR 92.5–100%]). Conversely, the median pre-CCD was 5.4 cm (IQR 4.9–5.8 cm), and the median pre-correct CCD percentage was 66% (IQR 18.5–90%). The increase in the median post-correct CCD percentage to 72% (IQR 27–94%) observed after the feedback was not statistically significant (P = 0.361).

Conclusions
Compliance with the new guidelines for chest compressions, especially those regarding the CCD, might be difficult. However, whether the changes in guidelines affect outcomes in actual clinical settings is uncertain and requires further investigation.
Using online technologies to improve diversity and inclusion in cognitive interviews with young people
Authors: Upadhyay Ushma D. , Lipkovich Heather 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to assess the feasibility of using multiple technologies to recruit and conduct cognitive interviews among young people across the United States to test items measuring sexual and reproductive empowerment. We sought to understand whether these methods could achieve a diverse sample of participants. With more researchers turning to approaches that maintain social distancing in the context of COVID-19, it has become more pressing to refine these remote research methods.MethodsWe used several online sites to recruit for and conduct cognitive testing of survey items. To recruit potential participants we advertised the study on the free online bulletin board, Craigslist, and the free online social network, Reddit. Interested participants completed an online Qualtrics screening form. To maximize diversity, we purposefully selected individuals to invite for participation. We used the video meeting platform, Zoom, to conduct the cognitive interviews. The interviewer opened a document with the items to be tested, shared the screen with the participant, and gave them control of the mouse and keyboard. After the participant self-administered the survey, the interviewer asked about interpretation and comprehension. After completion of the interviews we sent participants a follow-up survey about their impressions of the research methods and technologies used. We describe the processes, the advantages and disadvantages, and offer recommendations for researchers.ResultsWe recruited and interviewed 30 young people from a range of regions, gender identities, sexual orientations, ages, education, and experiences with sexual activity. These methods allowed us to recruit a purposefully selected diverse sample in terms of race/ethnicity and region. It also may have offered potential participants a feeling of safety and anonymity leading to greater participation from gay, lesbian, and transgender people who would not have agreed to participate in-person. Conducting the interviews using video chat may also have facilitated the inclusion of individuals who would not volunteer for in-person meetings. Disadvantages of video interviewing included participant challenges to finding a private space for the interview and problems with electronic devices.ConclusionsOnline technologies can be used to achieve a diverse sample of research participants, contributing to research findings that better respond to young people’s unique identities and situations.
Hygiene promotion might be better than serological screening to deal with Cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy: a methodological appraisal and decision analysis
Authors: Billette de Villemeur Agathe , Tattevin Pierre , Salmi Louis-Rachid ,   the French Haut Conseil de la santé publique Working Group, Alain S. , Antona D. , Aujard Y. , Bégué A. , Barjat T. , Billaud E. , de Villemeur Billette A. , Colson S. , Dufour V. , Jean D. , Gehanno J. F. , des Fontaines Halley V. , Mandelbrot L. , Matheron S. , Minodier P. , Marseille Roussey M. , Royère D. , Salmi L. R. , Scemama O. , Tattevin P. , Teurnier F. , Trastour C. , Vauloup-Fellous C. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundCytomegalovirus infection is the most frequent viral congenital infection, with possible consequences such as deafness, or psychomotor retardation. In 2016, the French High Council of Public Health was mandated to update recommendations regarding prevention of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women. We summarize a critical appraisal of knowledge and deterministic decision analysis comparing the current no-screening situation to serological screening during pregnancy, and to hygiene promotion.MethodsScreening was defined as systematic serological testing, during the first trimester, with repeated tests as needed, to all pregnant women. Outcomes were: 1) severe sequela: intellectual deficiency with IQ ≤ 50 or hearing impairment < 70 dB or sight impairment (≤ 3/10 at best eye); 2) moderate sequela: any level of intellectual, hearing or sight deficiency; and 3) death or termination of pregnancy. We simulated the one-year course of cytomegalovirus infection in a cohort of 800,000 pregnant women. We developed a deterministic decision model, using best and min-max estimates, extracted from systematic reviews or original studies.ResultsRelevant data were scarce or imprecise. We estimated that 4352 maternal primary infections would result in 1741 foetal infections, and an unknown number of maternal reinfections would result in 1699 foetal infections. There would be 788 cytomegalovirus-related consequences, including 316 foetal deaths or terminations of pregnancy, and 424 moderate and 48 severe sequelae. Screening would result in a 1.66-fold increase of poor outcomes, mostly related to a 2.93-fold increase in deaths and terminations of pregnancy, not compensated by the decrease in severe symptomatic newborns. The promotion of hygiene would result in a 0.75-fold decrease of poor outcomes, related to both a decrease in severe sequelae among symptomatic newborns (RR = 0.75; min-max: 1.00–0.68), and in deaths and terminations of pregnancy (RR = 0.75; min-max: 0.97–0.68).ConclusionsPrevention of cytomegalovirus infection during pregnancy should promote hygiene; serological screening should not be recommended.