bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Customized corneal crosslinking for treatment of progressive keratoconus: Clinical and OCT outcomes using a transepithelial approach with supplemental oxygen
Authors: Mazzotta Cosimo , Sgheri Arianna , Bagaglia Simone Alex , Rechichi Miguel , Di Maggio Alessandro 
Published: August 2020

Purpose:
To evaluate the outcomes of customized corneal crosslinking (CXL) for treatment of progressive keratoconus (KC) using a transepithelial approach with supplemental oxygen.

Setting:
Siena Crosslinking Center, Siena, Italy.

Design:
Prospective interventional case series.

Methods:
Twenty-seven eyes of 24 patients (mean age 29.3 ± 7.3 years) with progressive KC underwent customized corneal CXL using a transepithelial approach with supplemental oxygen. Ultraviolet (UV)-A irradiation of 365 nm wavelength was delivered in an accelerated (30 mW/cm2) pulsed-light UV light exposure in a 2-zone elliptical pattern. A total dose of 10 J/cm2 was delivered at the KC apex, surrounded by a broadbeam spot of 7.2 J/cm2. After 0.25% riboflavin corneal soaking, the UV-A irradiation was initiated in the presence of additional oxygen (≥90% concentration) delivered through special goggles connected to an oxygen delivery system (flow-rate 2.5 liters per minute). Key outcome measures included corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), keratometry (AK, K1, K2, and K-average), corneal higher-order aberrations, topographic and manifest cylinder, corneal optical coherence tomography (OCT) demarcation line, and endothelial cell count.

Results:
Of the 27 eyes studied, a significant improvement of CDVA was recorded at 6-month follow-up visits, from baseline 0.19 ± 0.06 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) to 0.11 ± 0.04 logMAR (P < .05). Significant flattening of steep keratometry (K2) was reported with mean change of −1.9 diopters (D) (P < .05), and coma values improved from 0.47 ± 0.28 µm to 0.28 ± 0.16 µm (P < .05). OCT revealed 2 demarcation lines at mean depths of 218.23 ± 43.32 µm and 325.71 ± 39.70 µm.

Conclusions:
In this series, customized CXL using a transepithelial approach with intraoperative supplemental oxygen resulted in clinically meaningful improvements in corneal curvature and CDVA without significant adverse events.
Risk of ischemic stroke in patients with end-stage renal disease receiving peritoneal dialysis with new-onset atrial fibrillation
Authors: Lee Yin-Hao , Chen Yung-Tai , Chang Chun-Chin , Hsu Chien-Yi , Su Yu-Wen , Li Szu-Yuan , Huang Chin-Chou , Leu Hsin-Bang , Huang Po-Hsun , Chen Jaw-Wen , Lin Shing-Jong 
Published: August 2020

Background:
The clinical effect of atrial fibrillation (AF)-related ischemic cardiovascular events in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the risk of ischemic events in patients undergoing PD with new-onset AF compared with that in patients without AF and ascertain the association between the CHA2DS2-VASc score and risk of ischemic stroke.

Methods:
This nationwide, population-based cohort study used data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database from 1998 to 2011 for patients receiving PD with or without new-onset AF. The clinical endpoints included ischemic stroke, all-cause death, and in-hospital cardiovascular death.

Results:
Patients undergoing PD with new-onset AF (N = 505) had significantly higher risks of ischemic stroke (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.98; 95% CI, 1.40-2.80), all-cause death (aHR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.40-1.85), and in-hospital cardiovascular death (aHR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.50.2.21) compared with those in patients undergoing PD without AF. After considering in-hospital death as a competing risk, AF remained associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 1.67; 95% CI, 1.17-2.37). The CHA2DS2-VASc score was associated with the risk of ischemic stroke (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.12-1.46).

Conclusion:
The risks of ischemic stroke, all-cause death, and in-hospital cardiovascular death were significantly higher in patients undergoing PD with AF than those in patients without AF. The CHA2DS2-VASc score remained associated with the risk of ischemic stroke in patients undergoing PD with AF.
Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Tenotomy and Its Associated Pain Reduction and Functionality Outcomes in Nonelite Active Adults
Authors: Lavallee Mark , Bush Chelsea 
Published: August 2020

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in pain and functionality after ultrasound-guided percutaneous tenotomy (USGPT) for treatment of tendinopathy.

Design
This was a prospective cohort study of patients undergoing USGPT as an alternative to surgery. Nonelite, active adults completed pain and functionality assessments before USGPT. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used to quantify pain. The Lower Extremity Functionality Scale and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand were used to evaluate functionality. Repeat VAS scores were obtained at 1 wk, 1 mo, 2 mos, 3 mos, 6 mos, and 1 yr postprocedure, and repeat functionality assessments, at 1 yr postprocedure. Changes in VAS and functionality were analyzed with paired-sample t-tests.

Results
A total of 103 subjects (61 women, 42 men) underwent USGPT in the following tendons: Achilles, patellar, plantar fascia, flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis brevis, and supraspinatus. Subjects experienced statistically significant decreases in VAS and functionality scores at all time points. The mean VAS score decreased from 7.3 to 3.8 (P < 0.0001) 1 wk postprocedure, with a 5.8-point mean decrease at 1 yr (P < 0.0001). Lower Extremity Functionality Scale scores improved from 42.5 to 65.8 (P < 0.001) and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores improved from 41.5 to 10.4 (P < 0.001) at 1 yr.

Conclusion
Recipients of USGPT procedures can expect to benefit from less invasive procedures and improved pain and functionality without invasive surgical procedures.
The Application of Three-Dimensional Technology Combined With Image Navigation in Nasal Skull Base Surgery
Authors: Chen Min , Xia Nan , Dong Qian , Wen Junfeng , Cui Xin , Yu Longgang , Wei Bin , Wang Yanqing , Hao Dapeng , Jiang Yan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) technology including 3D reconstruction and 3D printing technology, has been widely used in clinical treatment, especially in surgical planning, and image navigation technology, which can make surgical procedures more accurate, now is also increasingly favored by surgeons. But the combination of those 2 technologies was rarely reported. Thus, this study will preliminarily investigate the feasibility and the effect of the combination of 2 technologies in endonasal skull base surgery. Eight patients were involved in this study (from October 2016 to July 2017 at The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University), 5 cases of nasal skull base tumors and 3 cases of foreign body perforation. All operations were done under the assistance of 3D technology and image guidance system. Surgical discussion with patient, preoperative planning and clinical teaching were investigated between 2D images and 3D models by voting. For all cases, 3D reconstruction model and 3D printed model were deemed to be more helpful than CT/MRI images in surgical discussion with the patient; surgical simulation on 3D model in preoperative planning was largely deemed to be helpful and very helpful; and in clinical teaching, 3D models combined with image guidance system were deemed to be more helpful in understanding the disease than using 2D images. Besides, all patients recovered well after surgery, no recurrence and complications were found in the follow-up. The combination of 3D technology and electromagnetic image guidance system could improve surgical efficiency and the quality of clinical teaching.
The Surgery-first Approach to Orthognathic Surgery
Authors: Hoang Tuan-Anh , Lee Kevin C. , Chuang Sung-Kiang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes between the conventional surgical approach (CSA) and the surgery-first approach (SFA) for both traditional orthognathic osteotomies (LeFort/BSSO) and anterior segmental osteotomies (ASO). This was a retrospective cohort study of patients treated at the Hanoi Plastic Surgery Center from January 2000 to December 2012. The study predictors were the type (LeFort/BSSO or ASO) and timing (CSA or SFA) of surgery. The study outcomes were total treatment time and the rates of complication and relapse. 146 patients were included in the study, of whom 99 (67.8%) were treated with traditional osteotomies and 47 (32.2%) were treated with ASO. In the traditional osteotomy group, there were no significant differences in complication (P = 0.84) or relapse (P = 0.77) rates between CSA and SFA. There were no complications or relapses in the ASO group. Total treatment time was significantly decreased when using the SFA for both orthognathic osteotomies (−3.9 months, P < 0.01) and ASO (−3.3 months, P < 0.01). Our results showed that the SFA was able to achieve similar clinical outcomes to CSA but in a shorter treatment time. The SFA was effective for not only traditional orthognathic osteotomies but also ASO.
Phase II Adjuvant Cancer-specific Vaccine Therapy for Esophageal Cancer Patients Curatively Resected After Preoperative Therapy With Pathologically Positive Nodes; Possible Significance of Tumor Immune Microenvironment in its Clinical Effects
Authors: Yasuda Takushi , Nishiki Kohei , Hiraki Yoko , Kato Hiroaki , Iwama Mitsuru , Shiraishi Osamu , Yasuda Atsushi , Shinkai Masayuki , Kimura Yutaka , Sukegawa Yasushi , Chiba Yasutaka , Imano Motohiro , Takeda Kazuyoshi , Satou Takao , Shiozaki Hitoshi , Nakamura Yusuke 
Published: August 2020

Objectives:
To elucidate the efficacy of adjuvant vaccine monotherapy using 3 Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-A∗24-restricted tumor-specific peptide antigens for ESCC, upregulated lung cancer 10, cell division cycle associated 1, and KH domain-containing protein overexpressed in cancer 1.

Summary of Background Data:
ESCC patients with pathologically positive nodes (pN(+)) have a high risk for postoperative recurrence, despite curative resection after preoperative therapy. Subclinical micrometastases are an appropriate target for cancer vaccine.

Methods:
This is a non-randomized prospective phase II clinical trial (UMIN000003557). ESCC patients curatively resected after preoperative therapy with pN(+) were allocated into the control and vaccine groups (CG and VG) according to the HLA-A status. One mg each of three epitope peptides was postoperatively injected 10 times weekly followed by 10 times biweekly to the VG. The primary and secondary endpoints were relapse-free survival (RFS) and esophageal cancer-specific survival (ECSS), respectively.

Results:
Thirty were in the CG and 33 in the VG. No significant difference was observed in RFS between the CG and VG (5-year RFS: 32.5% vs 45.3%), but the recurrence rate significantly decreased with the number of peptides which induced antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The VG showed a significantly higher 5-year ECSS than the CG (60.0% vs 32.4%, P = 0.045) and this difference was more prominent in patients with CD8+ and programmed death-ligand 1 double negative tumor (68.0% vs 17.7%, P = 0.010).

Conclusions:
Our cancer peptide vaccine might improve the survival of ESCC patients, which is warranted to be verified in the phase III randomized controlled study.
Arterial Resection in Pancreatic Cancer Surgery
Authors: Loos Martin , Kester Tobias , Klaiber Ulla , Mihaljevic André L. , Mehrabi Arianeb , Müller-Stich Beat M. , Diener Markus K. , Schneider Martin A. , Berchtold Christoph , Hinz Ulf , Feisst Manuel , Strobel Oliver , Hackert Thilo , Büchler Markus W. 
Published: August 2020

Objective:
To investigate the perioperative and oncologic long-term outcomes of patients with LAPC after surgical resection at a high-volume center for pancreatic surgery.

Background:
The role of surgery in LAPC with arterial involvement is controversial.

Methods:
We analyzed 385 consecutive patients undergoing PAR (n = 195) or PAD (n = 190) of the encased artery for LAPC between January 1, 2003 and April 30, 2019.

Results:
There were 183 total pancreatectomies, 113 partial pancreatoduodenectomies, 79 distal pancreatectomies, and 10 resections for tumor recurrences, including 121 multivisceral resections and 171 venous resections. Forty-three patients (11.4%) had resectable oligometastatic disease. All of the 190 patients undergoing PAD (100%) and 95 of the 195 patients undergoing PAR (48.7%) received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The R0 (circumferential resection margin negative) resection rate was 28%. The median hospital stay was 15 days (range: 3–236). The median survival after surgery for LAPC was 20.1 months and the overall 5-year survival rate 12.5%. In-hospital mortality was 8.8% for the entire patient cohort (n = 385). With increasing case load and growing expertise, there was a significant reduction of in-hospital mortality to 4.8% (n = 186) after 2013 (P = 0.005). The learning curve of experienced pancreatic surgeons for PAR was 15 such procedures.

Conclusion:
Our data demonstrate that an arterial surgical approach is effective in LAPC with promising long-term survival. PAD after neoadjuvant treatment is safe. PAR is a technically demanding procedure and requires a high level of expertise.
Emerging trends in eating disorders among sexual and gender minorities
Authors: Nagata Jason M. , Ganson Kyle T. , Austin S. Bryn 
Published: August 2020

Purpose of review
To review the recent literature on eating disorders, disordered eating behaviors (DEB), and body image dissatisfaction among sexual and gender minority populations, including, but not limited to, gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people.

Recent findings
Overall, eating disorders, DEB, and body dissatisfaction are common among sexual and gender minority populations. Lifetime prevalence for anorexia nervosa (1.7%), bulimia nervosa (1.3%), and binge-eating disorder (2.2%) diagnoses are higher among sexual minority adults compared with cisgender heterosexual adults in the United States. Lifetime prevalence of eating disorders by self-report of a healthcare provider's diagnosis are 10.5% for transgender men and 8.1% for transgender women in the United States, including anorexia nervosa (4.2 and 4.1%) and bulimia nervosa (3.2 and 2.9%), respectively. DEB may be perpetuated by minority stress and discrimination experienced by these individuals. Body dissatisfaction may be a core stressor experienced by transgender people; gender dysphoria treatment has been shown to increase body satisfaction. A particular clinical challenge in caring for transgender youth with eating disorders is the standard use of growth charts based on sex.

Summary
Novel research demonstrates that sexual and gender minorities with eating disorders have unique concerns with regards to disordered eating and body image.
The relationship between eating disorder psychopathology and sexuality: etiological factors and implications for treatment
Authors: Castellini Giovanni , Rossi Eleonora , Ricca Valdo 
Published: August 2020

Purpose of review
There is a remarkable overlap between eating disorders and sexual problems, both in terms of sexual dysfunctions and risky sexual behaviors. This systematic review of the recent literature aimed at clarifying the nature of this relationship in terms of psychopathological meaning.

Recent findings
Body image disturbance, and particularly body dissatisfaction and embodiment disorder, emerged as shared psychopathological dimensions between eating disorder symptoms and sexual dysfunctions. Interpersonal difficulties, a disturbed intimacy and insecure attachment style, but not a history of sexual abuse per se, resulted to play a pivotal role in the interconnection between eating disorder psychopathology and sexual dysfunctions. On the other hand, several studies confirmed the association between eating disorder symptoms and risky sexual behaviors, which has been explained in terms of several common psychopathological dimensions, including impulsivity and addiction.

Summary
Sexuality is deeply interconnected with eating disorder psychopathology, and it should be considered a fundamental aspect in managing these disorders. An accurate assessment of sexual function might allow to characterize etiological information (e.g., sexual abuse) and maintaining factors (embodiment disorder and emotion dysregulation). Accordingly, the recovery of a good sexuality should be considered a crucial signal of recovery.
A computational strategy for rapid on-site 16S metabarcoding with Oxford Nanopore sequencing
Authors: Marino Stefano M. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTThe investigation of microbial communities through nucleotide sequencing has become an essential asset in environmental science, not only for research oriented activities but also for on-site monitoring; one technology, in particular, holds great promises for its application directly in the field: the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) MinION sequencer is a portable and affordable device, that produces long reads, with a remarkable sequencing output (in terms of bases/hour). One of the most common approaches in microbiological investigations through sequencing is the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, known as 16S metabarcoding. Only recently the application of MinION has extended to 16S metabarcoding; to date, a limitation is still represented by the available computational protocols: due to the intrinsic, unique features of the technology ONT long reads cannot be adequately analyzed with tools developed for previous technologies (e.g. for Illumina). In this work a computational pipeline, specifically tailored to the usage of ONT reads in 16S metabarcoding, is developed, tested and discussed. This study is particularly addressed to on site evaluations, for environmental investigations or monitoring, where running time, costs and overall efficient usage of resources are particularly important.
Synergy of calcium release site determinants in control of calcium release events in cardiac myocytes
Authors: Iaparov B. I. , Zahradnik I. , Moskvin A. S. , Zahradnikova A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRecent data on structure of dyads in cardiac myocytes indicate variable clustering of RyR calcium release channels. The question arises as to how geometric factors of RyR arrangement translate to their role in formation of calcium release events (CRE). Since this question is not experimentally testablein situ, we performedin silicoexperiments on a large set of calcium release site (CRS) models. The models covered the range of RyR spatial distributions observed in dyads, and included gating of RyRs with open probability dependent on Ca2+and Mg2+concentration. The RyR single-channel calcium current, varied in the range of previously reported values, was set constant in the course of CRE simulations. Other known features of dyads were omitted in the model formulation for clarity. CRE simulations initiated by a single random opening of one of the RyRs in a CRS produced spark-like responses with characteristics that varied with RyR vicinity, a newly defined parameter quantifying spatial distribution of RyRs in the CRSs, and with the RyR single-channel calcium current. The CRE characteristics followed the law of mass action with respect to a CRS state variable, defined as a weighed product of RyR vicinity and RyR single-channel calcium current. The results explained the structure-function relations among determinants of cardiac dyads on synergy principles and thus allowed to evolve the concept of CRS as a dynamic unit of cardiac dyad.
FAM13A regulates KLRG1 expression and interferon gamma production of natural killer cells
Authors: Zeng Ni , Theresine Maud , Capelle Christophe , Patil Neha D. , Masquelier Cécile , Davril Caroline , Baron Alexandre , Coowar Djalil , Dervillez Xavier , Poli Aurélie , Leonard Cathy , Balling Rudi , Ollert Markus , Zimmer Jacques , Hefeng Feng Q. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe polymorphism of the geneFAM13A(family with sequence similarity 13, member A) is strongly linked to the risk of lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which are among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in lung-related diseases worldwide. However, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms through whichFAM13Acontributes to the pathogenesis of these diseases largely remain unclear. Here, using aFam13aknock out (KO) mouse model, we showed thatFam13adepletion upregulated the expression of the terminal differentiation and inhibitory marker, KLRG1 (killer cell lectin-like receptor G1) in natural killer (NK) cells. NK cells fromFam13a-deficient mice showed impaired IFN-γ production either against target tumor cells or following various cytokine cocktail stimulations. Furthermore, the number of lung metastases induced by B16F10 melanoma cells was increased inFam13a-KO mice. Collectively, our data suggest a key role ofFAM13Ain regulating NK cell functions, indicating that the key lung-disease risk geneFAM13Amight contribute to the pathogenesis of several lung diseases via regulating NK cells.
Persistent broken chromosome inheritance drives genome instability
Authors: Pai Chen-Chun , Durley Samuel C. , Cheng Wei-Chen , Chiang Nien-Yi , Wee Boon-Yu , Walker Carol , Kearsey Stephen E. , Buffa Francesca , Murray Johanne M. , Humphrey Timothy C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPersistent DNA damage arising from unrepaired broken chromosomes or telomere loss can promote DNA damage checkpoint adaptation, and cell cycle progression, thereby increasing cell survival but also genome instability. However, the nature and extent of such instability is unclear. We show, usingSchizosaccharomyces pombe, that inherited broken chromosomes, arising from failed homologous recombination repair, are subject to cycles ofsegregation, DNAreplication and extensive end-processing, termed here SERPent cycles, by daughter cells, over multiple generations. Following Chk1 loss these post-adaptive cycles continue until extensive processing through inverted repeats promotes annealing, fold-back inversion and a spectrum of chromosomal rearrangements, typically isochromosomes, or chromosome loss, in the resultant population. These findings explain how persistent DNA damage drives widespread genome instability, with implications for punctuated evolution, genetic disease and tumorigenesis.One Sentence SummaryReplication and processing of inherited broken chromosomes drives chromosomal instability.