bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital Proficiency Is Not a Significant Barrier for Taking Up Hearing Services With a Hybrid Online and Face-to-Face Model
Authors: Ratanjee-Vanmali Husmita , Swanepoel De Wet , Laplante-Lévesque Ariane 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of self-perceived digital proficiency on the uptake of hearing services through a hybrid online and face-to-face hearing health care model.

Method
Adults were recruited via online methods to complete an online hearing screening test within the greater Durban area in South Africa. On submission of contact details after failing the screening, contact was made via telephone to assess readiness for further hearing care. If motivated and willing to continue, a face-to-face appointment for diagnostic hearing testing was confirmed, at which time an e-mail with an online mobile device and computer proficiency survey was sent. Hearing services were offered using combined online and face-to-face methods.

Results

Within 2 years (June 2017 to June 2019), 1,259 people from the target location submitted their details for the clinic audiologist to contact, of whom 931 participants (73.95%) failed the screening test. Of these participants, 5.69% (53/931, 57.41% men) attended a face-to-face diagnostic hearing evaluation. Mobile device and computer proficiency scores were not a predictor of acquiring hearing services. Age was the only significant predictor (
p
= .018) for those continuing with hearing care. Patients who continued with hearing care by acquiring hearing aids and support services were older (
M
= 73.63 years,
SD
= 11.62) and on average aware of their hearing loss for a longer time (
M
= 14.71 years,
SD
= 15.77), as compared to those who discontinued hearing health care who were younger (
M
= 59.21 years,
SD
= 14.42) and on average aware of their hearing loss for a shorter time (
M
= 6.37 years,
SD
= 9.26).

Conclusions
Digital proficiency is not a predictor for acquiring hearing services through a hybrid online and face-to-face hearing care model. Hybrid services could allow professionals to assist patients in a combination of face-to-face and online services tailored to meet individual needs, including convenience and personalized care.
Knowledge and Awareness of Ear Protection Devices for Sound Sensitivity by Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Neave-DiToro Dorothy , Fuse Akiko , Bergen Michael 
Published: September 2020

PurposeSensitivity to sounds and atypical reactions to sensory input by individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have been reported in the literature. In response to this sensitivity, some individuals use ear protection devices (EPDs) such as noise-canceling headphones, earplugs, or earmuffs to attenuate the perceived unpleasant sounds. Given the communication deficits often noted in this population and the essential role of hearing in speech and language development, the impact of wearing EPDs to attenuate sound needs to be explored. The purpose of this study was to obtain information from various stakeholders regarding their opinions about use of EPDs in individuals with ASD and perceived benefits and possible concerns of EPD use.MethodA survey was constructed to assess the opinions of speech-language pathologists, audiologists, teachers, and graduate students about EPDs among individuals with ASD. A total of 255 professionals and graduate students completed the survey.ResultsThe vast majority of respondents indicated a level of awareness of EPDs within this population. Regarding observed use of such devices, the majority of participants (66%) reported observing individuals with ASD using EPDs. The most commonly used devices observed were headphones (91%), followed by earmuffs (44%) and earplugs (33%). Respondents who had experience recommending and/or using EPDs with individuals with ASD were asked to report on major reasons why the devices were used and the perceived benefits and possible negative effects.ConclusionsThere appears to be uncertainty among various stakeholders of the benefits and possible negative effects of EPD use by individuals with ASD. Additionally, there is a dearth of research in this area, and the necessity for specific guidelines for recommending and monitoring EPD use is indicated.
An Exploration of Early Spelling in Kindergarten Children With Hearing Loss
Authors: Aho Carson , Werfel Krystal L. 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine if group differences exist in spelling accuracy or spelling errors between kindergarten children with hearing loss and children with normal hearing loss.

Method
Participants included 23 kindergarten children with hearing loss and 21 children with normal hearing. All children used spoken English as their primary language, and the children with hearing loss used amplification. Participants completed three single-word spelling assessments, a language assessment, and an oral reading assessment. Spelling was scored holistically and with two linguistic-based scoring systems.

Results
Children with hearing loss did not differ significantly from children with normal hearing in spelling accuracy or linguistic-based spelling error analyses.

Conclusions
The current study provides evidence that children with hearing loss in kindergarten do not differ significantly in their spelling errors compared to children with normal hearing, aside from a lower proportion of mental graphemic representation errors. With these data, in combination with previous research conducted, speech-language pathologists can further individualize treatment to focus on these specific error patterns. Additionally, this focus of treatment can help better prepare children with hearing loss for spelling and writing tasks in later grades. Future research should be conducted to determine when in elementary school the differences in spelling errors are initially seen.
Video Visual Scene Displays With Dynamic Text: Effect on Single-Word Reading by an Adolescent With Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Mandak Kelsey , Light Janice , McNaughton David 
Published: September 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the Transition to Literacy (T2L) feature within video visual scene displays (VSDs) on the single-word reading of academic vocabulary concepts (i.e., weather concepts) by a preliterate adolescent with cerebral palsy and minimal speech.

Method
A single-subject, multiple-probe, across-word-sets design was used to evaluate the effects of the intervention. The intervention used an augmentative and alternative communication app programmed with video VSDs embedded with hot spots with the T2L feature to teach the adolescent 12 academic vocabulary words.

Results
The adolescent acquired all target words successfully with only minimal exposure to the written words through the app and was able to generalize her learning to two novel tasks. Using Tau-U to evaluate the size of the observed effects, there were very large effects across all word sets.

Conclusions
The findings from this study demonstrate the effectiveness of the T2L feature to improve single-word reading in preliterate individuals with minimal speech. The use of video VSDs and T2L technology together may offer professionals a unique way to complement current augmentative and alternative communication devices and literacy instruction for adolescents with minimal speech who are preliterate.
High step‐up single switch quadratic modified SEPIC converter for DC microgrid applications
Authors: Maroti Pandav Kiran , Esmaeili Soroush , Iqbal Atif , Meraj Mohammad 
Published: September 2020

A new non‐isolated high‐voltage gain single switch quadratic modified single‐ended primary‐inductor capacitor (SEPIC) DC–DC converter is proposed in this study. The proposed converter consists of a modified SEPIC converter along with a boosting module to obtain a high‐voltage gain at a low‐duty ratio. It has all advantages of the SEPIC converter such as continuous input current, which makes it applicable for renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic systems. The proposed converter is able to attain a higher voltage gain in comparison with similar previous transformer‐less DC–DC converters. Also, unlike high‐voltage transformer‐based DC–DC converters, it does not suffer from leakage inductances. Also, the proposed converter presents low‐voltage stress across the switch and output diode. The proposed converter is controlled through a single switch and there is no limitation for a range of duty ratios. The voltage gain analysis of the proposed converter is done in continuous conduction mode and discontinuous conduction mode, also comparative analysis is done with the existing topologies with similar features. The proposed converter is designed for 400 V DC microgrid applications. The theoretical analysis of the proposed converter is verified by the experimental investigation in the laboratory.
Modelling and analysis of celestial Doppler difference velocimetry navigation considering solar characteristics
Authors: Liu Jin , Wang Ting , Ning Xiao‐Lin , Kang Zhi‐Wei 
Published: September 2020

The traditional method considers the Sun as a rigid sphere and diffuse radiator, and neglects the solar characteristics. However, this leads to high bias in the measurement model. In this study, to build a more realistic bias model and a statistical model of noise, the authors consider three solar characteristics, including the solar differential rotation, Lambert radiator and small‐scale solar activities. After mathematical derivation, the bias model of the solar Doppler difference measurement considering the solar differential rotation and Lambert radiator is built. Simulation results demonstrate that the difference between the proposed bias model and the traditional one is on the order of 0.1–1 m/s, which is slowly‐varying and non‐ignorable. Therefore, the bias model considering the solar differential rotation and Lambert radiator is meaningful. After mathematical analysis, they also find that small‐scale solar activities cause an extremely low error in the solar Doppler difference measurement. Moreover, the noise of the Doppler difference is within 2 m/s. Due to the randomness of small‐scale solar activities, the extremely low errors caused by activities can be regarded as noises. These results provide a reference for the measurement modelling of the solar Doppler difference velocimetry navigation.
The great Kite in the sky: A LOFAR observation of the radio source in Abell 2626
Authors: Ignesti A. , Shimwell T. , Brunetti G. , Gitti M. , Intema H. , van Weeren R. J. , Hardcastle M. J. , Clarke A. O. , Botteon A. , Di Gennaro G. , Brüggen M. , Browne I. W. A. , Mandal S. , Röttgering H. J. A. , Cuciti V. , de Gasperin F. , Cassano R. , Scaife A. M. M. 
Published: September 2020

Context.The radio source at the center of the galaxy cluster Abell 2626, also known as the Kite, stands out for its unique morphology composed of four symmetric arcs. Previous studies have probed the properties of this source at different frequencies and its interplay with the surrounding thermal plasma, but the puzzle of its origin is still unsolved.Aims.We use a new LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) observation from the LOFAR Two-meter Sky Survey at 144 MHz to investigate the origin of the Kite.Methods.We present a detailed analysis of the new radio data, which we combined with archival radio and X-ray observations. We produced a new, resolved spectral index map of the source with a resolution of 7″ and we studied the spatial correlation of radio and X-ray emission to investigate the interplay between thermal and nonthermal plasma.Results.The new LOFAR data changed our view of the Kite because we discovered two steep-spectrum (α <  −1.5) plumes of emission connected to the arcs. The spectral analysis shows, for the first time, a spatial trend of the spectrum along the arcs with evidence of curved synchrotron spectra and a spatial correlation with the X-ray surface brightness. On the basis of our results, we propose that the Kite was originally an X-shaped radio galaxy whose fossil radio plasma, after the end of the activity of the central active galactic nucleus, has been compressed as a consequence of motions of the thermal plasma encompassing the galaxy. The interplay between the compression and advection of the fossil plasma, with the restarting of the nuclear activity of the central galaxy, could have enhanced the radio emission of the fossil plasma producing the arcs of the Kite. We also present the first, low-frequency observation of a jellyfish galaxy in the same field, in which we detect extended, low-frequency emission without a counterpart at higher frequencies.
Employing TALYS to deduce angular momentum rootmean-square values, Jrms, in fission fragments
Authors: Al-Adili A , Solders A. , Rakopoulos V. 
Published: September 2020

Fission fragments exhibit large angular momenta J, which constitutes a challenge for fission models to fully explain. Systematic measurements of isomeric yield ratios (IYR) are needed for basic nuclear reaction physics and nuclear applications, especially as a function of mass number and excitation energy. One goal is to improve the current understanding of the angular momentum generation and sharing in the fission process. To do so, one needs to improve the modeling of nuclear de-excitation.
In this work, we have used the TALYS nuclear-reaction code to relax excited fission fragments and to extract root-mean-square (rms) values of initial spin distributions, after comparison with experimentally determined IYRs. The method was assessed by a comparative study on 252Cf(sf) and 235U(nth,f). The results show a consistent performance of TALYS, both in comparison to reported literature values and to other fission codes. A few discrepant Jrms values were also found. The discrepant literature values could need a second consideration as they could possibly be caused by outdated models. Our TALYS method will be refined to better comply with contemporary sophisticated models and to reexamine older deduced values in literature.
Big Data‚ KI und Maschinenlernen auf dem Weg zur Precision-Psychiatry – wie verändern sie den therapeutischen Alltag?
Authors: Winter Nils Ralf , Hahn Tim 
Published: September 2020

ZusammenfassungDerzeit sehen wir verstärkt Ansätze in der psychiatrischen Forschung, die sich mit prognostischen Modellen und einer individualisierten Diagnosestellung und Therapieauswahl beschäftigen. Vor diesem Hintergrund strebt die Precision-Psychiatry, wie auch andere Teildisziplinen der Medizin, eine präzisere Diagnostik und individualisierte Therapie durch Big Data an. Die elektronische Patientenakte, Datenerfassung durch Smartphones und technische Fortschritte in der Genotypisierung und Bildgebung ermöglichen eine detaillierte klinische und neurobiologische Beschreibung einer Vielzahl von Patienten. Damit diese Daten tatsächlich zu einem Paradigmenwechsel in der Behandlung psychischer Störungen führen, braucht es eine Personalisierung der Psychiatrie durch Maschinelles Lernen (ML) und Künstliche Intelligenz (KI). Neben der Digitalisierung der Klinik müssen wir daher eine KI-Infrastruktur etablieren, in der maßgeschneiderte KI- und ML-Lösungen entwickelt und nach hohen Validierungsstandards evaluiert werden können. Zusätzlich müssen Modellvorhersagen und detaillierte Patienteninformationen in KI-basierte Clinical-Decision-Support-Systeme (CDSS) integriert werden. Nur so können Big Data, Maschinelles Lernen und Künstliche Intelligenz den Behandler im therapeutischen Alltag aktiv und effizient unterstützen und eine personalisierte Behandlung erreichen.
Atualização no estadiamento dos sarcomas ósseos e das partes moles
Authors: Guedes Alex , Oliveira Marcelo Bragança dos Reis , Costa Flávia Martins , de Melo Adelina Sanches 
Published: September 2020

ResumoOs sarcomas ósseos e das partes moles consistem em grupo heterogêneo de neoplasias malignas de origem mesenquimal que podem ocorrer em qualquer faixa etária. O estadiamento preciso destas lesões determina as melhores estratégias terapêuticas e estimativas de prognóstico. Dois sistemas de estadiamento são os mais frequentemente empregados no manejo destas neoplasias: o sistema proposto pelo grupo da Universidade da Flórida, liderado pelo Dr. William F. Enneking (1980), adotado pela Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) e o sistema desenvolvido pela American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) (1977) que se encontra em sua 8a edição (2017). O presente artigo busca atualizar o leitor a respeito do estadiamento dos sarcomas ósseos e das partes moles que acometem o sistema musculoesquelético.
Incidência e fatores de risco das complicações da cirurgia de Latarjet
Authors: Cohen Marcio , Fonseca Raphael , Gribel Bernardo , Galvão Marcus Vinicius , Monteiro Martim , Motta Filho Geraldo 
Published: September 2020

Resumo
Objetivo A cirurgia de Latarjet é bem estabelecida para o tratamento da instabilidade anterior do ombro. Apresenta complicações específicas com taxas de até 30%. Nosso objetivo é avaliar a incidência e os fatores de risco associados às complicações após a cirurgia de Latarjet.
Métodos Analisamos retrospectivamente 102 pacientes submetidos ao procedimento. Dividimos as complicações em três tipos: clínicas, relacionadas ao enxerto e relacionadas aos implantes. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a radiografias e tomografia computadorizada (TC). Os fatores de risco analisados foram gênero, idade, cirurgia prévia, epilepsia e experiência do cirurgião.
Resultados Um total de 102 pacientes consecutivos (108 casos) foram avaliados. A média de idade foi 33,7 anos (18 a 61 anos), com 88 homens e 14 mulheres. A taxa de complicações foi de 21,2%, sendo 12% clínicas, 7,4% relacionadas ao enxerto e 2,7% relacionadas ao implante. As mais frequentes foram apreensão anterior (oito casos) e posicionamento lateral do enxerto, em seis casos. A TC foi realizada com o mínimo de 6 meses em 79 casos (73%), evidenciando a consolidação do enxerto em 75 pacientes (94.9%). Nenhum caso de não união apresentou instabilidade. Dez pacientes (9.2%) precisaram de cirurgia de revisão. Os fatores de risco relacionados às complicações foram epilepsia (p = 0.0325), experiência do cirurgião (p = 0.0499) e pacientes ≥ 40 anos (p = 0.0151). Não houve correlação com gênero e cirurgia prévia.
Conclusão A taxa de complicações após a cirurgia de Latarjet foi de 21,2%, com 9% necessitando de revisão cirúrgica. Epilepsia, idade > 40 anos e experiência do cirurgião foram fatores de risco.
Sevoflurano tópico en infección superficial por SARM tras artroplastia de rodilla. Caso Clínico
Authors: Nova Ainara Achaerandio-de , Losa-Palacios Sergio , San Martín-Martínez Alfredo , Gerónimo-Pardo Manuel 
Published: September 2020

ResumenIntentar el tratamiento retentivo de material protésico ante heridas quirúrgicas infectadas por gérmenes resistentes es objeto de debate, especialmente cuando el agente causal es un Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina (SARM). Una paciente diabética y con obesidad tipo I sufrió infección de la herida quirúrgica tras artroplastia de rodilla que no evolucionó bien con antibioterapia empírica y terapia hiperosmolar. Se planificó una reintervención que fue demorada por motivos extramédicos (falta de terapia de presión negativa para cubrir la herida postoperatoria, pues se preveía no poder realizar cierre primario). Mientras se conseguía este material, y tras obtener el consentimiento de la paciente, se iniciaron irrigaciones de la herida con sevoflurano tópico off-label, pues ese fármaco ha mostrado capacidad antimicrobiana. La evolución clínica fue excelente desde el inicio a pesar de que en el cultivo se aisló un SARM resistente a la antibioterapia empírica, por lo que se desestimó la reintervención y se continuó con sevoflurano tópico junto a la antibioterapia dirigida por antibiograma, lográndose la curación completa de la herida tras 6 semanas. Durante ese tiempo, la paciente no experimentó ningún efecto adverso atribuible al sevoflurano. El sevoflurano tópico aparece como una valiosa nueva opción terapéutica ante heridas postoperatorias infectadas, especialmente cuando los gérmenes causantes son resistentes a los antibióticos convencionales.
Clinical Decision Support for Worker Health: A Five-Site Qualitative Needs Assessment in Primary Care Settings
Authors: Ash Joan S. , Chase Dian , Baron Sherry , Filios Margaret S. , Shiffman Richard N. , Marovich Stacey , Wiesen Jane , Luensman Genevieve B. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Although patients who work and have related health issues are usually first seen in primary care, providers in these settings do not routinely ask questions about work. Guidelines to help manage such patients are rarely used in primary care. Electronic health record (EHR) systems with worker health clinical decision support (CDS) tools have potential for assisting these practices.
Objective This study aimed to identify the need for, and barriers and facilitators related to, implementation of CDS tools for the clinical management of working patients in a variety of primary care settings.
Methods We used a qualitative design that included analysis of interview transcripts and observational field notes from 10 clinics in five organizations.
Results We interviewed 83 providers, staff members, managers, informatics and information technology experts, and leaders and spent 35 hours observing. We identified eight themes in four categories related to CDS for worker health (operational issues, usefulness of proposed CDS, effort and time-related issues, and topic-specific issues). These categories were classified as facilitators or barriers to the use of the CDS tools. Facilitators related to operational issues include current technical feasibility and new work patterns associated with the coordinated care model. Facilitators concerning usefulness include users' need for awareness and evidence-based tools, appropriateness of the proposed CDS for their patients, and the benefits of population health data. Barriers that are effort-related include additional time this proposed CDS might take, and other pressing organizational priorities. Barriers that are topic-specific include sensitive issues related to health and work and the complexities of information about work.
Conclusion We discovered several themes not previously described that can guide future CDS development: technical feasibility of the proposed CDS within commercial EHRs, the sensitive nature of some CDS content, and the need to assist the entire health care team in managing worker health.