bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embolic Protection in Complex Femoropopliteal Interventions: Safety, Efficacy and Predictors of Filter Macroembolization
Authors: Czihal Michael , Findik Zeynep , Bernau Christoph , Seidensticker Max , Ricke Jens , Hoffmann Ulrich , Treitl Marcus , Treitl Karla-Maria 
Published: December 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of a filter embolic protection device (FEPD) in endovascular interventions of the femoropopliteal arteries.MethodsPatients who underwent endovascular interventions of the femoropopliteal arteries between 2008 and 2016 and in whom the SpiderFXTMFEPD was applied were included in this retrospective study. Clinical and angiographic characteristics, filter macroembolization (FME), device-related complications, distal embolization, as well as the early clinical and hemodynamic outcome, were assessed. Potential risk factors for FME were evaluated by multivariate analysis.ResultsA total of 244 cases were identified (203 patients, claudication 60.4%, critical limb ischaemia 39.6%, mean lesion length 13.2 ± 12.9 cm, complete occlusions in 72.7%). Balloon angioplasty ± stenting (BAP), directional atherectomy ± balloon angioplasty ± stenting (DA) and rotational thrombectomy ± balloon angioplasty ± stenting (RT) were performed in 141, 61 and 42 cases, respectively. FEPD placement and retrieval were successful in all but one case each. Permanent filter-related vessel damage was not observed. The rate of FME was 37.3% (BAP 36.2%, DA 32.8%, RT 47.7%). Risk factors for FME in the BAP- and DA-group were total occlusion, lesion length > 19 cm, visible thrombus and diabetes mellitus. The distal embolization rate despite filter protection was 4.1 % (BAP 4.9%, DA 1.6%, RT 4.8%) and was higher in cases with FME compared with those without FME (8.7% vs. 1.5%,p = 0.02).ConclusionThe Spider FXTMdevice is safe and effective in capturing embolic debris during femoropopliteal interventions. A residual risk of peripheral embolization remains.Level of EvidenceIII, Cohort study
Is there a convincing case for climate veganism?
Authors: Kortetmäki Teea , Oksanen Markku 
Published: December 2020

AbstractClimate change compels us to rethink the ethics of our dietary choices and has become an interesting issue for ethicists concerned about diets, including animal ethicists. The defenders of veganism have found that climate change provides a new reason to support their cause because many animal-based foods have high greenhouse gas emissions. The new style of argumentation, the ‘climatic argument(s) for veganism’, may benefit animals by persuading even those who are not concerned about animals themselves but worry about climate change. The arguments about the high emissions of animal-based food, and a resulting moral obligation to abstain from eating such products, are an addition to the prior forms of argument for principled veganism grounded on the moral standing of, and concern for, nonhuman animals. In this paper, we examine whether the climatic argument for veganism is convincing. We propose a formulation for the amended version of the argument and discuss its implications and differences compared to the moral obligations of principled veganism. We also reflect upon the implications of our findings on agricultural and food ethics more generally.
Regularisation of neural networks by enforcing Lipschitz continuity
Authors: Gouk Henry , Frank Eibe , Pfahringer Bernhard , Cree Michael J. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWe investigate the effect of explicitly enforcing the Lipschitz continuity of neural networks with respect to their inputs. To this end, we provide a simple technique for computing an upper bound to the Lipschitz constant—for multiple p-norms—of a feed forward neural network composed of commonly used layer types. Our technique is then used to formulate training a neural network with a bounded Lipschitz constant as a constrained optimisation problem that can be solved using projected stochastic gradient methods. Our evaluation study shows that the performance of the resulting models exceeds that of models trained with other common regularisers. We also provide evidence that the hyperparameters are intuitive to tune, demonstrate how the choice of norm for computing the Lipschitz constant impacts the resulting model, and show that the performance gains provided by our method are particularly noticeable when only a small amount of training data is available.
Proximity-based proteomics reveals the thylakoid lumen proteome in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002
Authors: Dahlgren Kelsey K. , Gates Colin , Lee Thomas , Cameron Jeffrey C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCyanobacteria possess unique intracellular organization. Many proteomic studies have examined different features of cyanobacteria to learn about the intracellular structures and their respective functions. While these studies have made great progress in understanding cyanobacterial physiology, the conventional fractionation methods used to purify cellular structures have limitations; specifically, certain regions of cells cannot be purified with existing fractionation methods. Proximity-based proteomics techniques were developed to overcome the limitations of biochemical fractionation for proteomics. Proximity-based proteomics relies on spatiotemporal protein labeling followed by mass spectrometry of the labeled proteins to determine the proteome of the region of interest. We performed proximity-based proteomics in the cyanobacteriumSynechococcussp. PCC 7002 with the APEX2 enzyme, an engineered ascorbate peroxidase. We determined the proteome of the thylakoid lumen, a region of the cell that has remained challenging to study with existing methods, using a translational fusion between APEX2 and PsbU, a lumenal subunit of photosystem II. Our results demonstrate the power of APEX2 as a tool to study the cell biology of intracellular features and processes, including photosystem II assembly in cyanobacteria, with enhanced spatiotemporal resolution.
Socialisation Influences on Gender Ideologies of Immigrant and Native Youth in Germany, England, Sweden and the Netherlands
Authors: Sánchez Guerrero Laia , Schober Pia S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAdolescence is a crucial life course phase for identity formation, and youths’ gender ideologies significantly predict gendered behaviours and longer-term transitions. With Western post-industrial societies becoming more culturally diverse, the present study provides novel cross-nationally comparative evidence on gender socialisation processes among native and immigrant youth in Sweden, Germany, England, and the Netherlands, which vary in gender and migration policies and cultures. In addition to parents’ gender ideologies, the study also considers classmates’ gender ideologies as factors shaping 14-year-old adolescents’ gender ideologies. The analysis draws on 5917 adolescent-parent dyads from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study which we link with country-level gender empowerment measures from the United Nations. Remarkably, with the exception of native female adolescents in England and Germany, parents tend to report slightly more egalitarian beliefs than adolescents across the four countries. OLS regressions show that parents’ and classmates’ gender ideologies correlate significantly with adolescents’ ideologies, with little variation across gender and immigrant groups in all four countries. From a policy and practical point of view, the great similarity in the intergenerational transmission of gender beliefs across diverse family backgrounds as well as cultural and policy contexts seem remarkable.
Men’s Discomfort and Anticipated Sexual Misclassification Due to Counter-Stereotypical Behaviors: the Interplay between Traditional Masculinity Norms and Perceived Men’s Femininization
Authors: Borinca Islam , Iacoviello Vincenzo , Valsecchi Giulia 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe present research examines men’s self-conscious discomfort while imagining performing counter-stereotypical (traditionally feminine) behaviors as compared to stereotypical (traditionally masculine) behaviors, as a function of traditional masculinity endorsement and perceived social changes in men’s gender norms (men’s feminization) in two distinct cultural populations (U.S. Americans and Kosovan Albanians). Experiment 1 (n = 192, U.S.) confirmed prior findings by showing that men, as compared to women, experienced more self-conscious discomfort when imagining performing counter-stereotypical (vs. stereotypical) behaviors. Experiments 2 (n = 292, U.S.) and 3 (n = 191, Kosovo) focused solely on heterosexual men and experimentally manipulated perceived social changes in men’s gender norms. Results showed that the men’s feminization condition, as compared to a control or masculinity conditions, decreased self-conscious discomfort when imagining performing feminine behaviors among men who endorsed a lower versus higher level of traditional masculinity. Experiment 3 further indicated that this effect was driven by lowered expectations of being misclassified as gay. We discuss the relevance of these findings for both the gender and sexual prejudice literature.
A hybrid tactile sensor-based obstacle overcoming method for hexapod walking robots
Authors: Luneckas Mindaugas , Luneckas Tomas , Udris Dainius , Plonis Darius , Maskeliūnas Rytis , Damaševičius Robertas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWalking robots are considered as a promising solution for locomotion across irregular or rough terrain. While wheeled or tracked robots require flat surface like roads or driveways, walking robots can adapt to almost any terrain type. However, overcoming diverse terrain obstacles still remains a challenging task even for multi-legged robots with a high number of degrees of freedom. Here, we present a novel method for obstacle overcoming for walking robots based on the use of tactile sensors and generative recurrent neural network for positional error prediction. By using tactile sensors positioned on the front side of the legs, we demonstrate that a robot is able to successfully overcome obstacles close to robots height in the terrains of different complexity. The proposed method can be used by any type of a legged machine and can be considered as a step toward more advanced walking robot locomotion in unstructured terrain and uncertain environment.
Harmonic maps with torsion
Authors: Branding Volker 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this article we introduce a natural extension of the well-studied equation for harmonic maps between Riemannian manifolds by assuming that the target manifold is equipped with a connection that is metric but has non-vanishing torsion. Such connections have already been classified in the work of Cartan (1924). The maps under consideration do not arise as critical points of an energy functional leading to interesting mathematical challenges. We will perform a first mathematical analysis of these maps which we will call harmonic maps with torsion.
Development of surface reconstruction algorithms for optical interferometric measurement
Authors: Wu Dongxu , Fang Fengzhou 
Published: December 2020

AbstractOptical interferometry is a powerful tool for measuring and characterizing areal surface topography in precision manufacturing. A variety of instruments based on optical interferometry have been developed to meet the measurement needs in various applications, but the existing techniques are simply not enough to meet the ever-increasing requirements in terms of accuracy, speed, robustness, and dynamic range, especially in on-line or on-machine conditions. This paper provides an in-depth perspective of surface topography reconstruction for optical interferometric measurements. Principles, configurations, and applications of typical optical interferometers with different capabilities and limitations are presented. Theoretical background and recent advances of fringe analysis algorithms, including coherence peak sensing and phase-shifting algorithm, are summarized. The new developments in measurement accuracy and repeatability, noise resistance, self-calibration ability, and computational efficiency are discussed. This paper also presents the new challenges that optical interferometry techniques are facing in surface topography measurement. To address these challenges, advanced techniques in image stitching, on-machine measurement, intelligent sampling, parallel computing, and deep learning are explored to improve the functional performance of optical interferometry in future manufacturing metrology.
Qu-2, a robust poplar suspension cell line for molecular biology
Authors: Liu Caixia , Li Kailong , Wang Meng , Fan Erqin , Yang Chuanping , Wang Junhui , Fu Pengyue , Ge Xiaolan , Sederoff Heike W. , Sederoff Ronald R. , Chiang Vincent L. , Wang Sui , Qu Guanzheng 
Published: December 2020

AbstractPopulus spp. have long been used as model woody plant species for molecular biology research. However, tissues of poplar are often recalcitrant to experimental procedures for molecular studies. We generated a hormone autotrophic poplar suspension cell line from a hybrid of Populus alba × P. berolinensis ‘Yinzhong’, named Qu-2. Qu-2 cells are suitable as a model biological system for studying woody plants. Qu-2 cells have many advantages over suspension cell lines derived so far from any other woody plants. Qu-2 cells are very easy to cultivate and can grow on several common plant culture media without the addition of any plant hormone. They show exceptionally high growth rates, reaching an approximately 150-fold increase in biomass after one week of culturing. Another important unique characteristic of Qu-2 cells is that they can be cryopreserved and readily reactivated. Qu-2 cells are suitable for molecular manipulations such as protoplast production, transient transformation, and RNA-seq analysis. Therefore, Qu-2 cells have the great potential to be an excellent model cell line in tree molecular biological research, ranging from physiology to gene function. The Qu-2 cells will be made available to the plant community for research.
Bayesian Testing for Exogenous Partition Structures in Stochastic Block Models
Authors: Legramanti Sirio , Rigon Tommaso , Durante Daniele 
Published: December 2020

AbstractNetwork data often exhibit block structures characterized by clusters of nodes with similar patterns of edge formation. When such relational data are complemented by additional information on exogenous node partitions, these sources of knowledge are typically included in the model to supervise the cluster assignment mechanism or to improve inference on edge probabilities. Although these solutions are routinely implemented, there is a lack of formal approaches to test if a given external node partition is in line with the endogenous clustering structure encoding stochastic equivalence patterns among the nodes in the network. To fill this gap, we develop a formal Bayesian testing procedure which relies on the calculation of the Bayes factor between a stochastic block model with known grouping structure defined by the exogenous node partition and an infinite relational model that allows the endogenous clustering configurations to be unknown, random and fully revealed by the block–connectivity patterns in the network. A simple Markov chain Monte Carlo method for computing the Bayes factor and quantifying uncertainty in the endogenous groups is proposed. This strategy is evaluated in simulations, and in applications studying brain networks of Alzheimer’s patients.
Determination of gas-saturated oil density at reservoir conditions and development of quality control index of PVT laboratory report
Authors: Al-Marhoun Muhammad Ali 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe oil density at the bubble point is an important thermodynamic property required in reservoir simulation and production engineering. A higher-accuracy estimate of this property would improve the accuracy of reservoir and production engineering calculations. The bubble point oil density is obtained either from separator tests of reservoir fluids or from differential gas liberation tests. A new procedure utilizing separator and differential tests is proposed whereby the experimental data yield a unique value with high accuracy for the bubble point oil density. A consistent correction of other PVT properties, which are influenced by the bubble point oil density, is required to reflect the unique density value. A quantitative quality control index is defined to measure the quality of PVT laboratory reports. This is achieved by utilizing the unique property of the bubble point oil density, which is usually ignored.
Four New Phloroglucinol-Terpene Adducts from the Leaves of Myrciaria cauliflora
Authors: Chen Ming , Cao Jia-Qing , Wang Wen-Jing , Li Ni-Ping , Wu Yan , Wang Lei , Ye Wen-Cai 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Myrcauones A–D (1–4), four new phloroglucinol–terpene adducts were isolated from the leaves of Myrciaria cauliflora. Their structures with absolute configurations were elucidated by combination of spectroscopic analysis, single crystal X-ray diffraction, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compound 1 was a rearranged isobutylphloroglucinol–pinene adduct featuring an unusual 2,3,4,4a,10,11-hexahydro-1H-3,11a-methanodibenzo[b,f]oxepin backbone. Compound 4 showed moderate antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria including multiresistant strains.

Graphic Abstract
Recommendations for the measurement of residual stresses in welded joints by means of X-ray diffraction—results of the WG6-RR test
Authors: Nitschke-Pagel Th. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractResidual stresses in welded joints are often of extended interest in order to evaluate unexpected failures or distortions. Since the possibilities to calculate residual stresses in welds are still strongly limited, the measurement techniques are still of great importance. Several measurement techniques with particular possibilities and limitations are available today where especially the different diffraction methods are used mostly. The material, weld type, and the size of the components are important for the quality of the results obtained with different methods as well as the environment where the measurements have to be carried out. The paper shall give an overview of the results of a round robin test on the application of XRD on butt welded joints which has been carried out in cooperation of different experienced laboratories. The results show the high reliability of XRD measurements in welds, if the measurements are performed under well-defined boundary conditions. The experiences can be used as a recommendation about useful measurement conditions the expectable quality of the results.
Cognitive reserve relates to executive functioning in the old–old
Authors: Oosterman Joukje M. , Jansen Michelle G. , Scherder Erik J. A. , Kessels Roy P. C. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCognitive reserve (CR) is known to reduce or even protect against the negative effects of aging on cognitive functioning. Nonetheless, little is known about how CR influences the relationship between different cognitive abilities and age in the old–old. The goal of the present study was, therefore, to test the hypothesis whether, in the old–old, CR still modifies the relationship between age and cognitive functioning. Eighty-three adults (aged 71–94) without mild cognitive impairment or dementia residing in residential care facilities completed a detailed neuropsychological test battery. CR was estimated using a combination of educational attainment and an estimation of verbal intelligence. Moderation analyses revealed a significant effect for fluency and a trend for flexibility, showing that the negative relationship between age and cognitive performance is reduced as the level of CR increases. These results demonstrate that CR still influences the relationship between age and executive functions in adults of advanced age.
Electrochemical efficacies of coal derived nanocarbons
Authors: Thomas Riya , Manoj B. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCarbon based nanomaterials are acknowledged for their admirable optical, electrical, mechanical characteristics and broad class of applications. Choice of precursor and simple synthesis techniques have decisive roles in viable production and commercialization of carbon produce. The intense demand to develop high purity carbon nanomaterials through inexpensive techniques has promoted usage of fossil derivatives as feasible source of carbon. Coal serves as a naturally available, abundant and cheap feedstock for carbon materials. From the crystalline clusters of aromatic hydrocarbons in a cross-linked network, carbon nanostructures can easily be extracted through green synthesis routes. It promotes a potent alternative for the cost effective and scaled up production of nanocarbon. The well-developed pores distribution, presence of numerous active sites and appropriate migration channels for ions enhance the electrochemical parameters necessary for the fabrication of supercapacitors, batteries and electrochemical sensors. The metallic impurities contained in coal contribute towards faradic redox reactions required for an efficient electrode modification. In this review, the potential uses of coal based carbon nanomaterials in energy storage and environmental sectors are discussed in detail.
A randomized controlled trial evaluating inhalation and intravenous anesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Nadri Sedigheh , Karimi Arash , Mohammadi Farzad , Mahmoudvand Hormoz 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT

Background:
Propofol and isoflurane have been used as anesthetic drug. Objective: For the purpose of this research, we compared total intravenous (IV) anesthesia (TIVA) with propofol and inhalational anesthesia of isoflurane on hhemodynamic parameters.

Method:
This study is a randomized clinical trial, carried out on patients aged 20–40 years; they were randomly divided into two groups. The anesthetics drug administered in both groups were similar. This study comprises of 92 patients undergoing LC. The patients were divided into two groups, forty-six (46) patients received inhaled anesthesia with isoflurane (Group I), and the other forty-six (46) in propofol group (Group P). Hemodynamic variables and depth of anesthesia at various distances were measured and recorded.

Result:
In this study, the difference in depth of anesthesia between the two groups over a period of time was statistically significant. Changes in hemodynamic parameters such as HR, SBP and DBP between the two groups was statistically significant over time. Bispectral index in the group receiving isoflurane was statistically lower than those in propofol-based anesthetic treated group (p = 0.051).

Conclusion:
Propofol and isoflurane are appropriate agent used as a relaxant after general anesthesia for LC. Thus, propofol unlike isoflurane provide less hemodynamic changes, and presented a greater hemodynamic stability.
This clinical trial was carried out in Iran at the center of clinical trial registered with a special registration code: IRCT2015092716516N2.

Highlights