bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wide-Field Calcium Imaging of Dynamic Cortical Networks During Locomotion
Authors: West Sarah L. , Aronson Justin D. , Popa Laurentiu S. , Carter Russell E. , Feller Kathryn D. , Chiesl William M. , Gerhart Morgan L. , Shekhar Aditya C. , Ghanbari Leila , Kodandaramaiah Suhasa B. , Ebner Timothy J. 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTMotor behavior results in widespread activation of the cerebral cortex. Therefore, fully understanding the cerebral cortex’s role in motor behavior requires a mesoscopic level description of the engaged cortical regions and their functional interactions. Mesoscopic imaging of Ca2+ fluorescence through transparent polymer skulls implanted on transgenic Thy1-GCaMP6f mice reveals widespread activation of the cerebral cortex during locomotion, including not only in primary motor and somatosensory regions but also in secondary motor, retrosplenial, and visual cortices. Using the time series of Ca2+ fluorescence from 28 regions (nodes) we found to be consistent across mice, we examined the changes in functional connectivity from rest to locomotion. At the initiation of locomotion, the most anterior nodes of the secondary motor cortex increase in correlation with other nodes, while other nodes decrease in correlation. Eigenvector centrality confirms these changes in functional connectivity. Directed Granger causality analysis reveals an increase in causal influence of anterior regions of secondary motor cortex on other dorsal cortical regions at the onset of locomotion. These results highlight the global changes in correlation, centrality, and causality occurring throughout the cerebral cortex between rest and locomotion and suggest that the premotor areas play an important role in organizing these changes.
Metabolomics and lipidomics inC. elegansusing a single sample preparation
Authors: Molenaars Marte , Schomakers Bauke V. , Elfrink Hyung L. , Gao Arwen W. , Vervaart Martin A.T. , Pras-Raves Mia L. , Luyf Angela C. , Smith Reuben L. , Sterken Mark G. , Kammenga Jan E. , van Kampen Antoine H. C. , Janssens Georges E. , Vaz Frédéric M. , van Weeghel Michel , Houtkooper Riekelt H. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractComprehensive metabolomic and lipidomic mass spectrometry methods are in increasing demand, for instance in research related to nutrition and aging. The nematodeC. elegansis a key model organism in these fields, due to the large repository of availableC. elegansmutants and their convenient natural lifespan. Here, we describe a robust and sensitive analytical method for the semi-quantitative analysis of >100 polar (metabolomics) and >1000 apolar (lipidomics) metabolites inC. elegans, using a single sample preparation. Our method is capable of reliably detecting a wide variety of biologically relevant metabolic aberrations in, for instance, glycolysis and the TCA cycle, pyrimidine metabolism and complex lipid biosynthesis. In conclusion, we provide a powerful analytical tool that maximizes metabolic data yield from a single sample.Graphical abstract
Single-cell analysis ofSchistosoma mansonireveals a conserved genetic program controlling germline stem cell fate
Authors: Li Pengyang , Sarfati Dania Nanes , Xue Yuan , Yu Xi , Tarashansky Alexander J. , Quake Stephen R. , Wang Bo 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSchistosomes are parasitic flatworms causing one of the most prevalent infectious diseases from which millions of people are currently suffering. Their germline outputs many fertilized eggs, which are both the transmissible agents and the cause of the infection-associated pathology. Given its significance, the schistosome germline has been a research focus for more than a century. Nonetheless, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that regulate its development. Here, we construct a transcriptomic cell type atlas of juvenile schistosomes. This allows us to capture germline stem cells (GSCs) duringde novogonadal development. We identify a genetic program that balances the fate of GSC between proliferation and differentiation. This program is controlled byonecut, a homeobox transcription factor, andboule, an mRNA binding protein. Evaluating this genetic program in schistosome’s free-living evolutionary cousin, the planarian, shows that this germline-specific regulatory program is conserved but its function has changed significantly during evolution.
Examining the protection efficacy of face shields against cough aerosol droplets using water sensitive papers
Authors: Ronen A. , Rotter H. , Elisha S. , Sevilia S. , Parizer B. , Hafif N. , Manor A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSimple plastic face shields have many advantages compared to regular medical masks. They are easily cleaned for reuse and comfortable to wear. In light of the spreading COVID-19 pandemic, the potential of face shields as a substitution for medical masks, as a recommendation to the general population, was tested. Testing the efficacy of the protective equipment utilized a cough simulator that was carefully tuned to replicate human cough in terms of droplet size distribution and outlet velocity. The tested protective equipment was worn on a manikin head simulating human breathing. An Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS) was used to analyze the concentration and size distribution of small particles that reach the manikin head respiration pathways. Additionally, Water sensitive papers were taped over and under the tested protective equipment, and were subsequently photographed and analyzed. For droplets larger than 3μm by diameter, the efficiency of shields to block cough droplets was found to be comparable to that of regular medical masks, with enhanced protection on face parts the mask does not cover. Additionally, for finer particles, of the order 0.3 to few microns, a shield was found to perform even better, blocking about 10 times more fine particles than the medical mask. This implies that for the general population that is not intendedly exposed to confirmed infected individuals, recommending the use of face shields as an alternative to medical masks should be considered.
Optimal design of a parallel robotic gripper using enhanced multi-objective ant lion optimizer with a sensitivity analysis approach
Authors: Mahanta Golak Bihari , BBVL Deepak , Biswal Bibhuti B. , Rout Amruta 
Published: July 2020

PurposeFrom the past few decades, parallel grippers are used successfully in the automation industries for performing various pick and place jobs due to their simple design, reliable nature and its economic feasibility. So, the purpose of this paperis to design a suitable gripper with appropriate design parameters for better performance in the robotic production systems.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, an enhanced multi-objective ant lion algorithm is introduced to find the optimal geometric and design variables of a parallel gripper. The considered robotic gripper systems are evaluated by considering three objective functions while satisfying eight constraint equations. The beta distribution function is introduced for generating the initial random number at the initialization phase of the proposed algorithm as a replacement of uniform distribution function. A local search algorithm, namely, achievement scalarizing function with multi-criteria decision-making technique and beta distribution are used to enhance the existing optimizer to evaluate the optimal gripper design problem. In this study, the newly proposed enhanced optimizer to obtain the optimum design condition of the design variables is called enhanced multi-objective ant lion optimizer.FindingsThis study aims to obtain optimal design parameters of the parallel gripper with the help of the developed algorithms. The acquired results are investigated with the past research paper conducted in that field for comparison. It is observed that the suggested method to get the best gripper arrangement and variables of the parallel gripper mechanism outperform its counterparts. The effects of the design variables are needed to be studied for a better design approach concerning the objective functions, which is achieved by sensitivity analysis.Practical implicationsThe developed gripper is feasible to use in the assembly operation, as well as in other pick and place operations in different industries.Originality/valueIn this study, the problem to find the optimum design parameter (i.e. geometric parameters such as length of the link and parallel gripper joint angles) is addressed as a multi-objective optimization. The obtained results from the execution of the algorithm are evaluated using the performance indicator algorithm and a sensitivity analysis is introduced to validate the effects of the design variables. The obtained optimal parameters are used to develop a gripper prototype, which will be used for the assembly process.
Improved fault diagnosis for aircraft flap control system based on bond graph
Authors: Chen Jie , Jing Zhengdong , Wu Chentao , Chen Senyao , Cheng Liye 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to improve the fault detection adaptive threshold of aircraft flap control system to make the system fault diagnosis more accurate.

Design/methodology/approach
According to the complex mechanical–electrical–hydraulic structure and the multiple fault modes of the aircraft flap control system, the advanced fault diagnosis method based on the bond graph (BG) model is presented, and based on the system diagnostic BG model, the parameter uncertainty intervals are estimated and a new adaptive threshold is constructed by linear fraction transformation.

Findings
To construct a more reasonable and accurate adaptive threshold range to more accurately detect system failures, some typical failure modes’ diagnosis process are selected and completed for verification; the simulation results show that the proposed method is effective and feasible for complex systems’ fault diagnosis.

Practical implications
This study can provide a theoretical guidance and technical support for fault diagnosis of complex systems, which avoid misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.

Originality/value
This study enables more accurate fault detection and diagnosis of complex systems when considering factors such as parameter uncertainty.
Testing for regime-switching behaviour in Finnish agricultural land prices
Authors: Valtiala Juho 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThis study analyses agricultural land price dynamics in order to better understand price development and to improve forecast accuracy. Understanding the evolution of agricultural land prices is important when considering sound investment decisions.Design/methodology/approachThis study applies threshold autoregression to model agricultural land prices. The data includes quarterly observations on Finnish agricultural land prices.FindingsThe study shows that Finnish agricultural land prices exhibit regime-switching behaviour when using past changes in prices as a threshold variable. The threshold autoregressive model not only fits the data better but also improves the accuracy of price forecasts compared to the linear autoregressive model.Originality/valueThe results show that a sharp fall in agricultural land prices temporarily changes the regular development of prices. This information significantly improves the accuracy of price predictions.
Extending validity testing of the Persuasion Principles Index
Authors: Hartnett Nicole , Greenacre Luke , Kennedy Rachel , Sharp Byron 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
This study aims to independently test the predictive validity of the Persuasion Principles Index (PPI) for video advertisements for low-involvement products with a measure of in-market sales effectiveness. This study follows the inaugural test conducted by Armstrong et al. (2016) for print advertisements for high-involvement utilitarian products with a measure of advertising recall.

Design/methodology/approach
The method was in line with that developed by Armstrong et al. (2016) for rating advertisements and assessing the reliability of ratings. Consensus PPI scores were calculated for a data set of 242 matched pairs of television advertisements. For each pair, the authors determined whether the advertisement that better adhered to the persuasion principles performed better in-market.

Findings
Consensus PPI scores predicted the more sales effective television advertisement for 55% (confidence interval (CI) = 49%, 61%) of the 242 pairs. This result is no better than chance and much weaker than the result from the initial validation study, which found that the consensus PPI scores predicted the more recalled print advertisement for 74.5% (CI = 66%, 83%) of 96 pairs.

Research limitations/implications
This study replicated the application of the PPI as per Armstrong’s guidelines and extended validity testing to a different set of advertising conditions. Findings indicate that better adherence to the persuasion principles produces only a weak, positive effect for predicting the performance of television advertisements for low-involvement products. A research agenda that flows from the results is discussed.

Practical implications
The authors suggest that the PPI in its present form is best used to predict advertising performance under conditions as per the inaugural validation test (Armstrong et al., 2016).

Originality/value
Advertisers will require compelling evidence of the PPI’s predictive accuracy to adopt the tool for pre-testing advertising. This study is the first independent test of the predictive validity of the PPI and its generalisability across advertising conditions. Another contribution of this study is the assessment of Armstrong’s advice to remove unreliable ratings. The authors show that this procedure, surprisingly, does not improve the predictive accuracy of the PPI.
Profiling information-seeking behavior of mosque speechmakers in Upper Egypt
Authors: Mansour Essam 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is attracting attention to the use of information by mosque speechmakers (MSs) in the Islamic and Arabic world, specifically in Upper Egypt.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a survey, which was conducted from September to November 2019. A structured questionnaire was designed in Arabic and distributed to the mosques that were chosen as a sample to represent all the mosques of Upper Egypt. The researcher sampled 5% (n = 421) of the total of 8,421 mosques in Upper Egypt.

Findings
The findings showed the majority of the MSs in Upper Egypt are to be older (from 36 to 60 years, educated [mostly with BA degrees]), married and with an average monthly income over LE 3,500. Almost all MSs were strongly looking for information to make specific/general research, to make a religious lecture and be aware of contemporary events. The most frequently used sources of information by MSs were biographies, books, mass media, references and the Web. Most of the MSs had been using information heavily. The highest percentage of them spent from 7 to 12 h a week searching for information. MSs preferred the use of printed sources of information to those non-print sources. Mobile apps, followed by the Web and information databases were the most significant technological tools used by MSs. MSs’ efficiency level of using English was good and a reasonable number of them indicated that they were not good at speaking other languages, such as French. The home/personal library and the special library were the most important types of libraries used by MSs. The unaffected role of the library to access information, followed by the use of foreign languages to access some sources of information, as well as the use of technology, were the most significant problems faced by MSs when searching for information.

Research limitations/implications
This paper investigates the topic of MSs’ use of and access to information. This topic, unfortunately, has limited previous research, particularly in the Arabic and Islamic environment.

Practical implications
This paper provides valuable insight into the information behavior of a very significant client group, namely, MSs.

Originality/value
Being one of the very few studies conducted on these beneficiaries of information in the Arab and Islamic environment, this study is considered a unique one among several studies conducted in the area of the information-seeking behavior, especially with such a significant group of information users/seekers in such influencing environment in the world. The findings of this study may help in a better understanding of the information-seeking behavior of the MSs.
Satisfaction with maternal and birth services: a survey in public hospitals in Turkey
Authors: Özkan Şirin , Chiang Chifa , Aba Gökhan , Çelik Yusuf 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine the satisfaction of women who underwent normal delivery and cesarean section (or C-section) with maternal care in five state-run hospitals in Northwestern Turkey.Design/methodology/approachThis was a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 580 women who underwent normal delivery (ND) and 392 who had a C-section (CS). Data were collected using two maternal satisfaction questionnaires, which participants completed right before they were discharged.FindingsMore than half of ND (61.7%) and CS (56.9%) participants were satisfied with maternal care. ND participants who had received antenatal training were more satisfied with maternal care than CS participants who had not received antenatal training. Higher income was a significant predictor for reduced satisfaction with maternal care among CS participants (p = 0.031).Practical implicationsHospital administrators and decision-makers should meet women's expectations, provide them with comfort, encourage them for skin-to-skin contact and respect their right to privacy in order to increase their satisfaction with maternal care. Pregnant women should also be encouraged to receive antenatal training offered by hospitals before delivery.Originality/valueThe evidence-based results of the study will help hospital administrators to improve healthcare quality and focus on increasing women's satisfaction with maternal care.
Transaction costs and participation in avocado export marketing in Murang’a County, Kenya
Authors: Karing'u Kelvin Njuguna , Isaboke Hezron Nyarindo , Ndirangu Samuel Njiri 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of transactional costs on smallholder avocado farmers’ participation in the export market and the extent of participation in Murang’a County, Kenya.Design/methodology/approachData was collected from 384 avocado farmers in Murang’a County, following stratified sampling. The Heckman two-stage model was used for analysis.FindingsResults showed that the cost of information search was an important variable that impedes smallholders’ participation in export marketing while harvesting costs inhibits the extent of participation in export marketing.Research limitations/implicationsThis study used data at the farm level. Therefore, insights on transaction costs among other marketing agents in the export market value chain would be an issue for future studies.Originality/valueFollowing the debate on transaction costs and market participation among farmers in Sub-Sahara Africa, this paper models transactional costs and export market participation among avocado smallholders and measures the extent of participation with the inclusion of harvesting costs, negotiation costs, monitoring costs and information search costs that are not common in previous studies, thus contributing to the development of literature.
Explaining regional differences in firm formation rates: how far are government policies important for entrepreneurship?
Authors: Demirdag İsmail , Eraydin Ayda 
Published: July 2020

PurposeThe growing number of studies shows that government policies and measures are critical in determining entrepreneurship levels of regions. Any changes in the government policies and measures are, therefore, expected to bring significant changes at the entrepreneurship levels. This paper aims to explore the importance of the government policies and measures, along with supply and demand-side determinants in regional entrepreneurship in Turkey and explains the convergence of entrepreneurship among two distinct periods corresponding to changes in the government policies and measures concerning entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachLooking at a study on 81 NUTS-III regions of Turkey, this paper focusses on regional determinants important in the separation of regions with different entrepreneurship trajectories (based on the initial level and the rate of increase in entrepreneurship). Using discriminant function analysis, this paper tries to show how far government policies are important in distinguishing regions with different entrepreneurship levels.FindingsThe outcomes of the analysis show that certain policies and measures recently introduced have become instrumental in triggering higher entrepreneurship levels in regions with already higher levels of entrepreneurship, but not in regions with initially lower levels of entrepreneurship.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the existing regional entrepreneurship literature through introducing the research findings on the importance of government policies and institutions on regional entrepreneurship, besides the role of regional capacities and assets.
Overcoming the theoretical duality on social enterprise formation
Authors: Nascimento Leandro da Silva , Salazar Viviane Santos 
Published: July 2020

Purpose
Nowadays, creation and discovery theories are the two main theoretical approaches supporting the studies on the emergence of enterprises and some scholars analyze these theories in isolation. In addition, studies that investigate the emergence of social enterprises based on these theories together are scarce. This paper aims to analyze if and how discovery and creation theories can coexist in the formation process of social enterprises.

Design/methodology/approach
A multi-case study based on semi-structured interviews with the founders of eight Brazilian social enterprises was conducted.

Findings
From the results, it is identified that there is a continuous process between discoveries and creations that lead to the maturation of the initial idea and, consequently, to the formation of a social enterprise. Therefore, a continuous process model between discovery and creation of opportunities in the formation of a social enterprise (i.e. a mixed theoretical approach) is proposed, going beyond a theoretical duality between creation or discovery.

Originality/value
This study helps to overcome limitations inherent in both discovery and creation theories, proposing a mixed theoretical approach. This new theoretical approach praises the existence of new paths to understand the emergence of social enterprises, by overcoming the theoretical duality between creation or discovery of opportunities, i.e. a new understanding of an integrating process rather than a dichotomous one.