bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between Male Involvement in Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness and women’s use of institutional delivery in West Arsi Zone South Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study
Authors: Gemechu Bikila Lencha , Ketema Kassahun , Beresa Girma , Ami Bonso , Urgessa Aman 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), pregnancy and childbirth continue to be viewed as solely a woman’s issues. Increasing partner participation and encouraging joint decision making in maternal health care may provide an important strategy in reducing maternal mortality and morbidity.Objective: To assess the level of male partner involvement in Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness (BPCR) and its association with women’s use of institutional delivery among mothers who had a child less than 12 months in West Arsi Zone, South Ethiopia Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted in West Arsi Zone South Ethiopia in 2019. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. Data was collected using interviewer administered structured questionnaire. Binary and multivariable logistic regression was applied for the analysis of each of the independent variables against the dependent variable. The association between male involvement in BPCR and women’s use of institutional delivery was done. The results were reported using crude and adjusted odds ratio (OR) with their 95% confidence interval. Results: More than half of male partners, 407 (54.3%) accompanied their wife during ANC follow up at least ones for the last pregnancy. Slightly more than three fourth, 571 (76.1%) of male partners involved in BPCR for the last pregnancy. Fife hundred fifty-four (73.9%) of the mothers gave birth in the health institution for the most recent child. Male involvement in BPCR (aOR = 18.7, 95% CI (11.1 – 31.6), joint decision making about place of delivery (aOR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.76 – 5.7), urban residence (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.32 – 3.7) and having two or less under-five children (aOR, 95% CI: 2.7 (1.4 – 5.3) were associated with women’s use of institutional delivery. Conclusion: More than three fourth of male partners involved BPCR. Male involvement in BPCR, joint decision making about place of delivery, urban residence and having ≤ 2 under-five children were associated with women’s use of institutional delivery. Designing and implementing health education on the role of male partner in maternal health care is mandatory. Empowering rural mothers to use health institutions for delivery and birth spacing may improve the magnitude of institutional delivery.
Key proteins as potential effective biomarkers under Intraoperative Radiotherapy (IORT) in tumor bed of Breast Cancer patients
Authors: shahani minoo , Shakeri Jafar , Tafti Ali , Akbari Mohammad Esmaeil 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Radiotherapy (RT) is recommended to all patients undergoing Breast Conserving Surgery (BCS). Two strategies can be applied to irradiation, External Beam RT (EBRT) in addition, Intraoperative Radiation Therapy (IORT). The aim of this study was to introduce a protein biomarker panel related to molecular function under IORT. Methods Six Breast Cancer (BC) patients as a pilot study were treated by 12 Gy (Boost dose) and 21 Gy (Radical dose). Samples tissue included Margin before IORT (MB), and Margin 24 hours After IORT (MA24 h). Isobaric Tag for Relative and Absolute Quantitation (iTRAQ) was performed to study proteomic of IORT-treated tumor bed. Results We classified 110 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) as a protein biomarker panel by mapping the annotated coding region sequences to the reference canonical pathways in the KEGG database. Conclusion Our findings indicate that the DEPs may be key proteins in IORT-treated tumor bed and may serve as potential Effective biomarkers under IORT.
Gene Expression Profile Associated With Neural Tube Defects Among Infants Attending Muhimbili National Hospital And Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute In Tanzania
Authors: Sadallah Mariam , Assenga Evelyne Neema , Pallangyo Charles , Manji Karim 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are severe congenital anomalies of the central nervous system. The specific cause is not known, though several factors including gene variants involving the folate metabolism have been implicated in the etiology. This study aimed at identifying the gene expression profile of selected genes known to be associated with NTDs among infants attending Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) and Muhimbili Orthopaedic Institute (MOI).Methodology: We conducted a matched case control study involving infants who were attending MNH and MOI during 6 months of the study period. Each case was matched with two controls by gestational age, sex and birth weight. Whole blood samples were collected from all study participants for genetic analysis. Total RNA was isolated using Qiagen RNA blood mini kit, and reversed transcribed into complementary DNA (cDNA) using Super Script II Reverse Transcriptase cDNA Synthesis kit. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed on extracted cDNA by a Light Thermal Cycler 480 machine using specific primers for studied genes to determine their expression levels. Results were analysed by GraphPad Prism 5Software, using Student t-test, and Bonferroni post hoc statistical tests. A p value of < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: The study recruited 50 cases and 100 controls. Among eight studied genes, we found significantly low expression of Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase [MTHFR] gene among cases than controls (p=0.006). Expression of others genes were having variations and expressed at very low levels in both cases and controls.Conclusion: A low expression level of MTHFR gene was a significant risk factor for the occurrence of NTDs amongst infants attending MNH and MOI.Recommendation: We recommend gene expression analysis to be done on mothers of infants with NTDs to identify those at risk; and further mutational analysis to be done to enhance genetic counseling and therefore to prevent recurrence of NTDs.
Estimating clinical severity of COVID-19 from the transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China
Authors: Wu Joseph T , Leung Kathy , Bushman Mary , Kishore Nishant , Niehus Rene , de Salazar Pablo M , Cowling Benjamin J , Lipsitch Marc , Leung Gabriel M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
As of February 13, 2020, there have been 59,863 laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19 infections in mainland China, including 1,367 deaths. A key public health priority during the emergence of a novel pathogen is estimating clinical severity. Here we estimated the symptomatic case-fatality risk (sCFR; the probability of dying from the infection after developing symptoms) of COVID-19 in Wuhan using public and published information. We estimated that sCFR was 0.5% (0.1%-1.3%), 0.5% (0.2%-1.1%) and 2.7% (1.5%-4.7%) for those aged 15-44, 45-64 and >64 years. The overall sCFR among those aged ≥15 years was 1.4% (0.8%-2.0%). Authors Joseph T Wu and Kathy Leung contributed equally to this work
Sustainable economic level of leakage in Norway and Sweden – manual of practice
Authors: Malm A. , Svensson G. , Røstum J. , Axell L. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Awareness of water's value, high water losses, occasional water shortages and increased costs arising from new treatment requirements has increased focus on reducing water losses. For water loss management, SELL (sustainable economic level of leakage), can be used. SELL includes not only the long-term utility costs and benefits, but also external social and environmental leakage costs, including traffic disruption during pipe repair and replacement work, carbon footprints and health risk effects from leaking pipes with inadequate pressure. The aim of the project was to adapt SELL to Norwegian and Swedish conditions and prepare a calculation model for SELL for use by water utilities. A spreadsheet was developed to calculate water balances and leakage. Another was developed for calculating SELL for the utility. The latter spreadsheet includes research-based default values if no local data are available. An uncertainty analysis was used to show how much input data uncertainty affects the result. The conclusions are that, when all externalities are included and new leak reduction techniques are developed, SELL is lower than expected. The authors believe that the manual will help significantly in fighting water losses, especially for small- and medium- scale water utilities.
Optimization and Characterization of Aqueous Micellar Formulations for Ocular Delivery of an Antifungal Drug, Posaconazole
Authors: Durgun Meltem E. , Kahraman Emine , Güngör Sevgi , Özsoy Yıldız 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Topical therapy is preferred for the management of ocular fungal infections due to its
superiorities which include overcoming potential systemic side effects risk of drugs, and targeting of drugs to the
site of disease. However, the optimization of effective ocular formulations has always been a major challenge due
to restrictions of ocular barriers and physiological conditions. Posaconazole, an antifungal and highly lipophilic
agent with broad-spectrum, has been used topically as off-label in the treatment of ocular fungal infections due to
its highly lipophilic character. Micellar carriers have the potential to improve the solubility of lipophilic drugs
and, overcome ocular barriers.

Objective:
In the current study, it was aimed optimization of posaconazole loaded micellar formulations to improve
aqueous solubility of posaconazole and to characterize the formulations and to investigate the physical
stability of these formulations at room temperature (25°C, 60% RH), and accelerated stability (40°C, 75% RH)
conditions.

Method:
Micelles were prepared using a thin-film hydration method. Pre-formulation studies were firstly performed
to optimize polymer/surfactant type and to determine their concentration in the formulations. Then, particle
size, size distribution, and zeta potential of the micellar formulations were measured by ZetaSizer Nano-ZS.
The drug encapsulation efficiency of the micelles was quantified by HPLC. The morphology of the micelles was
depicted by AFM. The stability of optimized micelles was evaluated in terms of particle size, size distribution,
zeta potential, drug amount and pH for 180 days. In vitro release studies were performed using Franz diffusion
cells.

Results:
Pre-formulation studies indicated that single D-ɑ-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS), a
combination of it and Pluronic F127/Pluronic F68 are capable of formation of posaconazole loaded micelles at
specific concentrations. Optimized micelles with high encapsulation efficiency were less than 20 nm, approximately
neutral, stable, and in aspherical shape. Additionally, in vitro release data showed that the release of posaconazole
from the micelles was higher than that of suspension.

Conclusion:
The results revealed that the optimized micellar formulation of posaconazole offers a potential approach
for topical ocular administration.
ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF FORSSKAOLEA VIRIDIS AERIAL PARTS
Authors: ALY AHMED FATMA , EL-BASSOSSY TAHA A. I. 
Published: March 2020

Objective: The objective of this study is to isolate and evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antitumor activity of the methanolic constituents of Forsskaolea viridis.
Methods: The isolation and purification of phytochemical constituents were performed in the present study using various chromatographic methods (thin-layer [TLC], preparative paper [PPC], and column chromatography [CC]) where, the structures of isolated compounds were determined using different spectroscopic methods (Mass spectroscopy [Ms], ultraviolet [UV], proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance [1H-NMR and 13C-NMR]) and confirmed by data reported in the literature. The biological activity of the methanolic extract was performed as in vitro studies by diffusion agar technique, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH), and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antitumor activity, respectively.
Results: The chemical studies led to the isolation of five flavonoids and two phenolic compounds for the first time from this plant. The methanolic extract exhibited potent antimicrobial activity (13–26 mm) against some of the tested strains while it showed fair antioxidant and cytotoxicity activity.
Conclusion: It can be concluded from the results that the methanolic extract of F. viridis has potential antimicrobial activity while fair antioxidant and antitumor activity.
Feminicidio: Por su condición de tal
Authors: Mendoza Garay Ampelio 
Published: March 2020

En el Perú existe un tipo penal de feminicidio como un delito autónomo y basado en género. Tal regulación ha traído consigo debates sobre su regulación, respecto si era necesario prever un tipo penal autónomo, cuando existían ya otros tipos penales que protegían el bien jurídico “vida humana”. Asimismo, respecto a la estructura normativa de este articulado, que señala que comete el delito de feminicidio “el que mata a una mujer por su condición de tal”; por lo que se pretende analizar si la regulación actual del delito de feminicidio es lo más apropiado para proteger realmente en la realidad social y jurídico a la mujer; para lo cual sea desarrollado en base a jurisprudencias de la corte suprema y cortes inferiores, para finalmente discutir y llegar a conclusiones.
Intrahepatic Fat and Postprandial Glycemia Increase After Consumption of a Diet Enriched in Saturated Fat Compared With Free Sugars
Authors: Parry Siôn A. , Rosqvist Fredrik , Mozes Ferenc E. , Cornfield Thomas , Hutchinson Matthew , Piche Marie-Eve , Hülsmeier Andreas J. , Hornemann Thorsten , Dyson Pamela , Hodson Leanne 
Published: March 2020

OBJECTIVE
Debate continues regarding the influence of dietary fats and sugars on the risk of developing metabolic diseases, including insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigated the effect of two eucaloric diets, one enriched with saturated fat (SFA) and the other enriched with free sugars (SUGAR), on intrahepatic triacylglycerol (IHTAG) content, hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL), and whole-body postprandial metabolism in overweight males.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Sixteen overweight males were randomized to consume the SFA or SUGAR diet for 4 weeks before consuming the alternate diet after a 7-week washout period. The metabolic effects of the respective diets on IHTAG content, hepatic DNL, and whole-body metabolism were investigated using imaging techniques and metabolic substrates labeled with stable-isotope tracers.

RESULTS
Consumption of the SFA diet significantly increased IHTAG by mean ± SEM 39.0 ± 10.0%, while after the SUGAR diet IHTAG was virtually unchanged. Consumption of the SFA diet induced an exaggerated postprandial glucose and insulin response to a standardized test meal compared with SUGAR. Although whole-body fat oxidation, lipolysis, and DNL were similar following the two diets, consumption of the SUGAR diet resulted in significant (P &lt; 0.05) decreases in plasma total, HDL, and non-HDL cholesterol and fasting β-hydroxybutyrate plasma concentrations.

CONCLUSIONS
Consumption of an SFA diet had a potent effect, increasing IHTAG together with exaggerating postprandial glycemia. The SUGAR diet did not influence IHTAG and induced minor metabolic changes. Our findings indicate that a diet enriched in SFA is more harmful to metabolic health than a diet enriched in free sugars.
Факторная модель оценки состояния цифровой экономики
Authors: Суходолов Александр 
Published: March 2020

Статья посвящена анализу концептуальной модели факторов, влияющих
на состояние цифровой экономики. Методологической базой исследования является
когнитивное моделирование, развивающееся как междисциплинарное научное направление. Когнитивное моделирование включает этапы построения проблемного поля,
когнитивной карты в виде орграфа; согласования экспертных оценок взаимовлияния
факторов с применением математической статистики; имитационного эксперимента.
Выявленная проблема решается методами, учитывающими когнитивные аспекты восприятия, мышления, объяснения, опыт и интуицию исследователей. Процесс решения
ориентирован на активизацию интеллектуальных ресурсов специалиста для фиксации
представлений о проблемной ситуации в виде формальной модели, конструирования
гипотезы о поведении исследуемой системы и прогноза ее развития. Предложена авторская модель факторов, влияющих на состояние цифровой экономики, в виде когнитивной карты, или взвешенного орграфа. Модель отличается от имеющихся набором факторов с максимальной степенью общности и абстрагированием от конкретных подсистем
экономики. Создано программное средство, алгоритм которого базируется на системе
конечно-разностных уравнений. Кросс-платформенная технология позволяет запускать
его без использования зарубежных программ. Проведен имитационный эксперимент,
показавший, что целевой фактор модели существенно зависит от управляющего фактора «инвестиции». Определены условия для получения вариантов нестабильной структуры когнитивной модели. Эксперименты по генерированию вариантов исходных данных
могут привести к желаемому результату развития экономической ситуации.
Children Left Behind in China: The Role of School Fees
Authors: Dang Hai-Anh H. , Huang Yang , Selod Harris 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The barriers faced by Chinese rural–urban migrants to access social services, particularly education, in host cities could help explain why the majority of them choose to leave their children behind. We identified the causal impacts of school fees by instrumenting for it with unexpected shocks to the city’s public education spending. Our findings suggest that higher fees deter migrant workers from bringing their children with them, especially their daughters, reduce the number of children they bring, and increase educational remittances to rural areas for the children left behind. Increases in school fees mostly affect vulnerable migrant workers and could have stronger impacts during an economic crisis. These findings hold for different model specifications and robustness checks.
Calculation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Decomposition of Forest Waste using the Monte Carlo Technique
Authors: Dhaundiyal Alok , Toth Laszlo 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This paper deals with the pyrolysis of forest waste in the presence of an inert atmosphere. Experiments are carried out at different heating rates (5 °C, 10 °C and 15 °C) to determine derivative thermogravimetric behaviour of the material. Unlike the conventional scheme, the Monte Carlo technique is implemented to solve the distributed activation energy model (DAEM). DAEM is transformed into the inverse pyrolysis problem to determine the kinetic parameters of thermal degradation of forest waste. Activation energy, the preexponential factor and the distribution parameters are estimated by introducing the Monte Carlo Technique in the thermal conversion process.
Postoperative cardiorespiratory arrest in a case of cervical meningocele
Authors: Sriharsha R. , Kataria Ketan K. , Meena Shyam , Jangra Kiran , Bloria Summit 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Meningoceles are congenital herniation of meninges and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the skull and are bereft of any cerebral tissue. They are commonly found over the anterior fontanelle. Although some cases of cervical dysraphism have been described in the literature, a true meningocele has rarely been seen. The child usually presents with hydrocephalus with features of raised increased intracranial pressure. Sensory, motor, and sphincter functions may be involved depending on the level of lesion. Closure of meningocele should be ideally done within the first 48 h of birth.

Case Description:
Complications associated with meningocele range from learning disabilities, seizures, and bowel dysfunction to complete paralysis below the level of the lesion. The postoperative complications reported are wound infection, CSF leak/collection, urinary tract infection, deterioration of deficit, and death. Here, we present a postoperative case of an 11-month-old child with cervical meningocele who had an unusual complication almost 2 h after an uneventful surgery in the form of sudden cardiorespiratory arrest was revived successfully.

Conclusion:
A meningocele surgery is usually not associated with severe postoperative complications which can be encountered in meningomyelocele surgery. Here, in our case, the child with uneventful meningocele surgery arrested 2 h postsurgery with the possible cause being cervical cord edema. Hence, a lesson was learned that strict vigilance is also required in postoperative care for meningocele patients.
Efficacy of intra-arterial indocyanine green angiography for the microsurgical treatment of dural arteriovenous fistula: A case report
Authors: Sasaki Keisuke , Endo Hidenori , Niizuma Kuniyasu , Nishijima Yasuo , Osawa Shinichiro , Fujimura Miki , Tominaga Teiji 
Published: March 2020

Background:
In this study, we report a case of dural arteriovenous fistula (dAVF) that was successfully treated using intra-arterial indocyanine green (IA-ICG) videoangiography during open surgery. Moreover, the findings of IA-ICG videoangiography were compared with those of intraoperative digital subtraction angiography (DSA).

Case Description:
A 72-year-old male patient with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and thrombocytosis presented with generalized seizure. DSA revealed Cognard Type III dAVF in the superior wall of the left transverse sinus, which was fed by a single artery (the left occipital artery [OA]) and drained into a single vein (the left temporal cortical vein), without drainage into a venous sinus. Since transarterial embolization was considered challenging due to the tortuosity of the left OA, surgical interruption of the shunt was performed by craniotomy. After excising the feeding artery, we were unable to observed dAVF on intraoperative DSA. However, IA-ICG videoangiography revealed the remaining shunt, which was fed by the collateral route from the feeding artery. The shunting point and draining vein were then surgically resected to eliminate the shunt. The shunt was not observed during the second IA-ICG videoangiography conducted after resection.

Conclusion:
ICG videoangiography is a better method compared with DSA in terms of visualizing fine vascular lesions. In contrast to the typical intravenous administration, selective IA-ICG can be repeatedly injected at a minimal dose. IA-ICG is a useful intraoperative tool that can be used to evaluate the elimination of the dAVF.