bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biological synthesis of AgNPs BIOLOGICAL SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING THE TUBEROUS ROOT EXTRACT OF IPOMOEA BATATAS AND THEIR CHARACTERIZATIONS AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY
Authors: NAVEEN CHANDRA JOSHI  , JUHI CHHABRA  
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Tuberous root extract based synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), characterizations using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-visible, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques, and antibacterial activity of AgNPs against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus mutans, Proteus vulgaris, and Escherichia coli.
Methods: Root extract of Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato) was prepared by boiling of small cut pieces of root with double distilled water. Added root extract with silver nitrate solution and centrifuged and collect the pellets. After several washing and drying, AgNPs have been preserved for characterizations and antibacterial activity.
Results: The synthesized AgNPs were well characterized by FT-IR, UV-visible, XRD, FESEM, and EDX methods, and significant zones of inhibition observed around the loaded AgNPs on the agar plates. The zones of inhibition have been achieved 36, 40, 46, and 32 mm for E. coli, P. vulgaris, S. mutans, and S. aureus.
Conclusion: The characterisation methods such as UV-Visible, FTIR, Powder XRD, FESEM and EDX indicate an efficient formation of AgNPs using root extract of I. batatas. The biologically synthesized AgNPs are found good antibacterial agents.
Epistemologias do “colonial” e da descolonização linguística: uma reflexão a partir de África
Authors: Mata Inocência L. S. 
Published: October 2019

Um dos lugares mais efectivos de dominação colonial foi, no caso do colonialismo português, a língua portuguesa, através da qual o negro africano poderia ser considerado cidadão segundo um articulado legal (que se foi aperfeiçoando até chegar ao “Estatuto dos Indígenas Portugueses das Províncias da Guiné, Angola e Moçambique”, 1954). A língua portuguesa foi, assim, o único veículo linguístico de cidadania, sendo restrito o uso das línguas nativas – consideradas, de modo desprestigiante, dialectos – no domínio público formal e oficial, situação que se vem prolongando nas políticas linguísticas dos Estados pós-coloniais. Este texto propõe-se a reflectir sobre essa herança colonial, desvelando os meandros da epistemologia da descolonização assim como as condições do que conta como conhecimento sobre as relações de poder entre as línguas em presença em África (Europeias e nativas), em particular nos Cinco países africanos de língua oficial portuguesa.
DOS EMBATES POR HEGEMONIA E RESISTÊNCIA NO CONTEXTO DA REFORMA DO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Ferretti Celso João , Ribeiro Monica 
Published: October 2019

Neste texto nos propomos a refletir sobre processos que circunscrevem embates e disputas em torno das finalidades e formas de organização do ensino médio com vistas a apontar perspectivas de resistência em face dos retrocessos anunciados pela Lei 13.415/17. Partimos da constatação de uma certa hegemonia de concepções economicistas da educação. Defendemos, apoiados em Gramsci, que aliado à crítica rigorosa a esse movimento, outras formas de ação mostram-se necessárias, dentre elas, a (re)afirmação de uma proposta contra hegemônica, qual seja, a do Ensino Médio Integrado.
J. C. Bose’s Scientific Inventions Confirmed the Truth of Consciousness
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Aju 
Published: October 2019

A world leader in telecommunications, Bose was a significant figure behind the creation of modern radio and sonic technology. In 1896 his work was commemorated by IEEE as the oldest "milestone achievement" from Asia. In 1997 the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers of America named Bose as a “Father of Radio Science.” Royal Society of England was impressed by a research paper of Bose on electro-magnetic waves and they honoured him with a Degree of Doctorate in Science. He was knighted in 1917, and made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1920 (the first Indian to become a fellow for science as opposed to mathematics). Acharya Bose is considered as the Father of Indian Science.
A Study on Communalism and Religious Hatred Through The Play “Final Solution”
Authors: Lade Pinky 
Published: October 2019

This is another hot and burning topic of modern India and that is communalism. We are living in twenty second century but still we indulge ourselves in hate, bloodshed, slaughter, murder on the basis of caste and religion. We live quietly and calmly then suddenly a voice full of hatred arise and we all arise with deadly weapons, guns, and swords in our hands start slaughtering our neighbors, friends, and acquaintances. It is very shameful that we have kept hatred sleeping deep in heart and just at the spark of one tiny incident, it bursts out.
Sufism in Jammu
Authors: Subramony Dr R. 
Published: October 2019

Sufism entered the Indian subcontinent in the twelfth century as a new socio-religious force. Within a short period, it mushroomed to different parts of India. Fro Punjab to Rajputana, from Jammu and Kashmir to Kerala, sufism influenced the life and thought of the people. Though on the eve of its advent, Muslim population in most parts of India was virtually negligible, yet the sufis hardly faced any local resistance to their activities. Sufism reviewed enthusiastic social response. It adjusted itself with the indigenous cultural modes in a smooth manner. As a result, it became a catalyst in shaping and consolidating the Indian regional identities from the thirteenth century onwards. In this context, sufi shrines of the different regions-Ajodhan, Sirhins, Delhi, Ajmer and Gulbarga – played a significant role. For example, Richard Maxwell Eaton has shown that the sufis of Bijapur contributed tremendously to the promotion of vernacular idiom and Dakhani language.
condición fronteriza en El amigo del desierto de Pablo d'Ors
Authors: Varo Varo Alonso 
Published: October 2019

En su novela El amigo del desierto, Pablo d’Ors provee una respuesta a la condición de desarraigo del sujeto posmoderno y vislumbra un camino a través del que hallar el hogar verdadero. En mi análisis me valdré del modelo teórico que proporciona la filosofía del límite del pensador español Eugenio Trías. A partir de las ideas de Trías sobre la condición fronteriza del ser humano, mostraré cómo el protagonista de El amigo del desierto será capaz de elevarse por encima de los límites de su mundo conocido y descubrir en el territorio más inhóspito un lugar en el que arraigarse y sentirse en casa.
THE USE OF STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) IN IMPROVING WRITING ABILITY AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE OF SMA N 1 NAWANGAN IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2019/2020
Authors: Purnomo Anton Edi , Harmanto Bambang , Indriastuti Niken Reti 
Published: October 2019

Writing is an important language skill because it becomes a means of learning, discovering, developing, and perfecting skills of language. The researcher using the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) method to improve student writing ability. The aim was to change the classroom situation, so that the students will more interested in learning processes, and it will be easier for them to understand the material especially in writing class. The researcher used classroom action research as the research design. The subject was the eleventh grade MIPA 1 SMA N 1 Nawangan on 2019/2020 lesson year. The class consists of 24 students. Before implementing the research, the researcher made lessons plan, scenario teaching using STAD and prepared instruments, questionnaire, observation, and test. The research was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consisted of three meetings. The first and second meetings was the implementation STAD method and the third was the test. Based on the result of the observation it showed that the students were more active than previous meeting, the percentage was 67% in cycle one and 88% in cycle two. The result of the questionnaire score was 68.4% in cycle one and 74.2% in cycle two it meant the students were more enjoyed, gave positive response and looked more fun with implementation those method. The result of writing test in cycle one it was known that 14 students or 58% who got score above 70, in cycle two was 100% or all students got score above 70. The result of writing test in cycle two, it showed improvement. The research finding proves that STAD method was successfully in improve writing ability. The researcher suggest that using STAD method in writing skill is a good alternative to teach and learn writing in order to make the learning process become more effective and independent
HUBUNGAN INTENSITAS MENONTON YOUTUBE DENGAN PERKEMBANGAN SOSIAL EMOSIONAL ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN
Authors: Janah Masrinda Mar'atul , Fadhli Muhibuddin , Kristiana Dian 
Published: October 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara intensitas menonon youtube dengan perkembangan sosial emosional pada anak usia 5-6 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasional, data berupa yang digunakan berupa skor yang diambil menggunakan skala intensitas menonton youtube dan perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia 5-6 tahun. Penelitian ini melibatkan orang tua anak sebagai responden dengan populasi sebesar 80 anak dan 46 sample. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik korelasi Spearman Rho dengan bantuan aplikasi SPPSS versi 24 for Windows.. Analisis korelasi Spearman Rho menghasilkan (r) sebesar 0,665 dengan nilai (p) taraf signifikan 0,000 (p < 0,05) yang berarti ada hubungan positif yang sangat signifikan antara intensitas menonton youtube dengan perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia 5-6 tahun. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa Hα diterima dan H0 ditolak yang berarti ada hubungan positif antara intensitas menonton youtube dengan perkembangan sosial emosional anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Darma Wanita Tempuran.
Change in the Parameters of Soils Contaminated by Oil and Oil Products
Authors: Jabbarov Zafarjon , Abdrakhmanov Tokhtasin , Pulatov Alim , Kováčik Peter , Pirmatov Khabibullo 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The oil well drilling and oil processing industries are globally the main contaminants of environmental condition caused by human economic activities. Oil spills have a negative impact on the environment, economy, and society. In this research, the effects of oil with different chemical contents on soil types formed in two soil-climatic conditions have been studied. The purpose of this research is to study the change of soil properties by oil pollution. The experiments have been conducted in irrigated and non-irrigated soils of the desert region of the Kashkadarya and Surkhandarya (Uzbekistan). The results have shown that aggregates (0.25; 0.5; 1; 2; 3; 5; 7; 10 mm) which are the important of soil fertility have changed by oil and oil production, and the changes have proven to be temporary. The effect of the 5% and 15% concentrations of oil, engine oil, petrol, kerosene has been studied. The aggregates 0.25 mm and 0.5 mm have the biggest change among aggregates, in fact, aggregates of 0.25 mm at the level of 5% of oil decreased by 27.02%, at the level of 15% of oil decreased by 99.8%, at the level of 5% of kerosene decreased by 2%, at the level of 15% of oil decreased by 98.1%. Aggregates of 0.5 mm at the level of 5% of oil decreased by 6.44%, at the level of 15% of oil decreased by 67.14%, at the level of 5% of kerosene decreased by 12.75%, at the level of 15% of oil decreased by 92.8%. Engine oil and Petrol at levels 5 and 15 have relatively rare changed. Also, as a result of oil and oil pollution, the total carbon dioxide in the soil has grown briefly, which is an anthropogenic carbon and insignificant for soil fertility and humus. As a result, an anthropogenic carbon increased in gray-brown soil (Durisols Technic, WRB) at 0 – 35 cm layer by 0.22%, irrigated meadow-alluvial soil (Fluvisols, WRB) by 0.31%, irrigated gray-brown soil (Durisols Technic, WRB) by 0.44%, irrigated Takyr-meadow soil (Calsisols, WRB) by 0.25%, Takyr soil (Calsisols, WRB) by 0.32%, sandy Desert soil (Durisols Technic, WRB) by 0.21%.
Responses of Two Barley Subspecies to In vitro-Induced Heavy Metal Stress: Seeds Germination, Seedlings Growth and Cytotoxicity Assay
Authors: Nouri Mohamed , El Rasafi Taoufik , Haddioui Abdelmajid 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
In this work three heavy metals: cadmium (as CdSO4), cobalt (as CoCl2) and zinc (as ZnSO4), were used to determine and compare their toxicity towards two subspecies of barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare L. and Hordeum vulgare subsp. distichum L.), focusing on seeds germination, seedlings growth, and cytological parameters. The results indicate that the effect of these heavy metals depends on the metal kind, the metal concentrations and the plant subspecies. Generally, in the case of H. vulgare, the heavy metal salts understudy did not influence significantly seed germination and seedling growth parameters. However, these metal salts influence significantly these parameters for H. distichum. The cytological test showed significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the mitotic index among the increase of the heavy metal concentrations when evaluated with the control for H. vulgare and H. distichum. Consequently, H. vulgare seemed to be more tolerant of the increase of the three heavy metals concentrations than H. distichum.
In vitro cytogenotoxic evaluation of sertraline
Authors: Istifli Erman Salih , Çelik Rima , Hüsunet Mehmet Tahir , Çetinel Nesrin , Demirhan Osman , Ila Hasan Basri 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Sertraline (SRT) is an antidepressant agent used as a neuronal selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). SRT blocks serotonin reuptake and increases serotonin stimulation of somatodendritic serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT1AR) and terminal autoreceptors in the brain. In the present study, the genotoxic potential of SRT was evaluated using cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) cytome assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy human subjects. DNA cleavage-protective effects of SRT were analyzed on plasmid pBR322. In addition, biochemical parameters of total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) in blood plasma were measured to quantitate oxidative stress. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were exposed to four different concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 3.75 and 5 µg/mL) of SRT for 24- or 48-h treatment periods. In this study, SRT was not found to induce MN formation either in 24- or 48-h treatment periods. In contrast, SRT concentration-dependently decreased the percentage of MN and MNBN (r=−0.979, p<0.01; r=−0.930, p<0.05, respectively) when it was present for the last 48 hr (48-h treatment) of the culture period. SRT neither demonstrated a cleavage activity on plasmid DNA nor conferred DNA protection against H2O2. The application of various concentrations of SRT significantly increased the TOS and oxidative stress index (OSI) in human peripheral blood lymphocytes for both the 24- and 48-h treatment periods. Morover, the increase in TOS was potent as the positive control MMC at both treatment times. However, SRT did not alter the TAS levels in either 24- or 48-h treatment periods when compared to control. In addition, exposing cells to SRT caused significant decreases in the nuclear division index at 1.25, 2.50 and 3.75 µg/mL in the 24-h and at the highest concentration (5 µg/mL) in the 48-h treatment periods. Our results suggest that SRT may have cytotoxic effect via oxidative stress on cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes.
Effects of mustard oil cake on liver proteins of Channa punctatus (Bloch)
Authors: Nath Susanta , Rakshit Priyanka , Matozzo Valerio 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mustard oil cake is a biofertilizer widely used in agriculture and fish cultivation almost in all South East Asian Countries including India. The study was carried out to observe the effects of this biofertilizer on the liver proteins of Channa punctatus. At sublethal concentration (0.42 g/L ), fishes were exposed for a prolonged period of 35 days and amount of total liver protein (TLP) was measured. The investigation showed a low rate of liver protein synthesis in treated fish after 4 days of exposure. An increase in the amount of protein was observed between the 7th and 35th day. But such increment was below the amount of TLP of control fish, indicating physiological stress in the treated fish.
Medicinal plants and natural products can play a significant role in mitigation of mercury toxicity
Authors: Bhattacharya Sanjib 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mercury is a heavy metal of considerable toxicity. Scientific literature reveals various plants and plant derived natural products, i.e., phytochemicals, which can alleviate experimentally induced mercury toxicity in animals. The present review attempts to collate those experimental studies on medicinal plants and phytochemicals with ameliorative effects on mercury toxicity. A literature survey was carried out by using Google, Scholar Google, Scopus and Pub-Med. Only the scientific journal articles found in the internet for the last two decades (1998–2018) were considered. Minerals and semi-synthetic or synthetic analogs of natural products were excluded. The literature survey revealed that in pre-clinical studies 27 medicinal plants and 27 natural products exhibited significant mitigation from mercury toxicity in experimental animals. Clinical investigations were not found in the literature. Admissible research in this area could lead to development of a potentially effective agent from the plant kingdom for clinical management of mercury toxicity in humans.
Assessment of the time-dependent dermatotoxicity of mechlorethamine using the mouse ear vesicant model
Authors: Cuffari Benedette J. , Tumu Hemanta C Rao , Pino Maria A. , Billack Blase 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Mechlorethamine (HN2) is an alkylating agent and sulfur mustard gas mimetic which is also used in anticancer therapy. HN2 is associated with skin inflammation and blistering which can lead to secondary infections. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the time-dependent dermatotoxicity of HN2 using the mouse ear vesicant model (MEVM). To this end, our operational definition of dermatotoxicity included tissue responses to HN2 consistent with an increase in the wet weights of mouse ear punch biopsies, an increase in the morphometric thickness of H&E stained ear sections and histopathologic observations including tissue edema, inflammatory cell infiltration and vesication. The ears of male Swiss Webster mice were topically exposed to a single dose of HN2 (0.5 µmol/ear) or DMSO vehicle (5 µl/ear) or left untreated (naive). Mice were then euthanized at 15 min, 1, 2, 4, 8 or 24 hr following HN2 exposure. Compared to control ears, mouse ears exposed to HN2 at all time points showed an increase in wet weights, morphometric thickness, edema, inflammatory cell infiltration and signs of vesication. The incidence in tissue vesication sharply increased between 4 and 8 hr after exposure, revealing that tissue vesication is well established by 8 hr and remains elevated at 24 hr after exposure. It is noteworthy that, compared to control ears, mouse ears treated with DMSO vehicle alone also exhibited an increase in wet weights and morphometric thickness at 15 min, 1, 2 and 4 hr following treatment; however, these vehicle effects begin to subside after 4 hr. The results obtained here using the MEVM provide a more holistic understanding of the kinetics of vesication, and indicate that time points earlier than 24 hr may prove useful not only for investigating the complex mechanisms involved in vesication but also for assessing the effects of vesicant countermeasures.
Antiproliferative, neurotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects of toxic cyanobacterial extracts
Authors: Andeden Enver Ersoy , Ozturk Sahlan , Aslim Belma 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Cyanobacteria are the rich resource of various secondary metabolites including toxins with broad pharmaceutical significance. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antiproliferative, neurotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects of cyanobacterial extracts containing Microcystin-LR (MCLR) in vitro. ELISA analysis results showed that MCLR contents of five cyanobacterial extracts were 2.07 ng/mL, 1.43 ng/mL, 1.41 ng/mL, 1.27 ng/mL, and 1.12 ng/mL for Leptolyngbya sp. SB1, Phormidium sp. SB4, Oscillatoria earlei SB5, Phormidium sp. SB2, Uncultured cyanobacterium, respectively. Phormidium sp. SB4 and Phormidium sp. SB2 extracts had the lowest neurotoxicity (86% and 79% cell viability, respectively) and Oscillatoria earlei SB5 extracts had the highest neurotoxicity (47% cell viability) on PC12 cell at 1000 µg/ml extract concentration. Leptolyngbya sp. SB1 and Phormidium sp. SB2 showed the highest antiproliferative effect (92% and 77% cell death) on HT29 cell. On the other hand, all concentrations of five toxic cyanobacterial extracts induced DNA damage between 3.0% and 1.3% of tail intensity and did not cause any direct mutagenic effect at the 1000 µg/plate cyanobacterial extracts. These results suggest that cyanobacteria-derived MCLR is a promising candidate for development of effective agents against colon cancer.
Novel pentacyclic triterpene isolated from seeds of Euryale Ferox Salisb. ameliorates diabetes in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats
Authors: Ahmed Danish , Khan Mohd. Ibrahim , Sharma Manju , Khan Mohd. Faiyaz 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The present research was carried out to study the effect of 2β-hydroxybetulinic acid 3β-oleiate (HBAO), a novel compound isolated from the seeds of Euryale ferox salisb. on glycemic control, antioxidant status and histopathological morphological alterations in the liver, pancreas, kidney and heart in streptozotocin induced type-2 diabetes in rats. HBAO was isolated from the seeds of Euryale ferox salisb. according to Lee. Isolation of the active principle HBAO was performed for the first time. To date there are no reports on the isolation and evaluation of 2β-hydroxybetulinic acid 3β-oleiate (HBAO) from Euryale ferox salisb. Assessment of different biochemical parameters like the effect of HBAO on glycemic control, plasma insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin, hepatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1-6-biphosphatase, hepatic hexokinase, lipid profile, antioxidant marker and histopathology of pancreas, liver and kidney examination was done at the end of the experimentation, i.e. on day 45. HBAO exhibited remarkable improvement in glycemic control, lipid levels, plasma insulin, glycogenic liver enzymes and antioxidant activity in diabetic rats, along with progressive enhancement of distortive histopathological morphology of liver, pancreas and kidney. The results strongly suggest that HBAO could be a potential therapeutic agent in diabetes.