bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viral infection and glioma: a meta-analysis of prognosis.
Authors: Cai Ze-Hao , Yang Shou-Bo , Li Xiao-Yan , Chen Feng , Li Wen-Bin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor, occurring due to the carcinogenesis of glial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Many aspects of the mechanism of its tumorigenesis remain unknown. The relationship between viral infection and glioma is one of the most important research aspects in this field. Currently, there is a lack of systematic reviews and meta-analyses to evaluate the effect of viral infection on the prognosis of glioma patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between viral infection and the prognosis of glioma patients, aimed at evaluating the prognostic value of the detection of viral infection.Methods: Through careful and comprehensive retrieval of results from the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases, eligible articles were selected strictly according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The regional sources, detection methods, detection indicators, patient survival, and other data from the samples in the papers were extracted, and the integrated analysis was conducted using Stata 15.1. We conducted a subgroup analysis of the relationship between the degree of infection and prognosis in cytomegalovirus (CMV) patients.Results: A total of 11 studies were included in the analysis. Among them, 7 studies involved the relationship between CMV infection and the prognosis of patients with glioma, 2 studies involved human papillomavirus (HPV), 2 studies involved human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6), and one study involved simian virus 40 (SV40), woolly monkey sarcoma virus (WMSV) and human endogenous retrovirus K113 (HERV-K113). In the CMV study, the pooled Hazard ratio (HR) of Overall survival (OS) was 1.024 (CI: 0.698–1.501), with a P value of 0.905. The pooled HR of Progression free survival (PFS) was 1.067 (CI: 0.770–1.478), with a P value of 0.697. The pooled HR value of low-degree infection versus high-degree infection was 1.476 (CI: 0.799–2.727), with a P value of 0.213. In the HPV study, the pooled HR of OS was 1.467 (CI: 0.552–3.901), with a P value of 0.443.Conclusion: CMV infection has no significant effect on the prognosis of glioma patients. Using the IEA as the detection index, the degree of CMV infection was found to have a significant impact on the prognosis of glioma patients; it was not found to possess a significant prognostic value after the integration of different indicators. Neither HPV nor HHV-6 infection has a significant effect on the prognosis of glioma patients. SV40 and WMSV infection are associated with poor prognosis in patients with low-grade glioma.Registration: this meta-analysis registered in https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, PROSPERO ID: CRD42019127648.
Self- Care Practices and Associated Factors among Adult Diabetic Patients in Public Hospitals of Dire Dawa Administration, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Getie Asmare , Geda Biftu , Alemayhu Tadesse , Bante Agenehu , Aschalew Zeleke , Alemu Biresaw wassihun 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Diabetes is a huge growing problem, and causes high and escalating costs to the society. Self- care practice for adults with diabetes is not well addressed in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. To prevent serious morbidity and mortality, diabetes treatment requires commitment to demanding self-care practice. The aim of this study was to assess self- care practices and its associated factors among adults with diabetes in Dire Dawa public hospitals of Eastern, Ethiopia. METHODS This Cross-sectional study was conducted among 513 adults with diabetes. The Study participants were selected through systematic random sampling. Data was collected from February 1 st to March 1 st , 2018. Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-data version 3.3.1 and exported to SPSS version 22.0 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression with crude and adjusted odds ratios along with the 95% confidence interval was computed and interpreted accordingly. A P-value of <0.05 was considered to declare a result as statistically significant. RESULT The result of the study showed that 55.9%, (95% CI: 51.4, 60.3) of participants had good self-care practices. Good self-care practice was associated with having family support, treatment satisfaction, diabetes education, having glucometer, higher educational status, duration of the disease, high economic status and having good knowledge. There were statistical association between good diabetes knowledge (AOR= 2.14, 95% CI:1.37, 3.35), family support system (AOR= 2.69, 95% CI:1.56, 4.62), treatment satisfaction (AOR= 2.07, 95% CI:1.18, 3.62), diabetes education (AOR= 2.21, 95% CI: 1.35, 3.63), high economic status (AOR= 1.89, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.48), having glucometer,(AOR=2.69, 95% CI:1.57, 4.63),higher educational status (AOR= 2.68, 95% CI: 1.31, 5.49), and duration of disease greater than 10 years AOR=2.70, 95% CI: 1.17, 6.26) with good self-care practice. Conclusion In this study a substantial number of the patients had poor self-care practices especially dietary practice and self-monitoring of blood glucose which have critical roles in controlling diabetes. Provision of diabetes self-care education and counseling especially on importance of self-monitoring of blood glucose, and dietary practice should be considered by responsible bodies.
High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration and acute kidney injury after noncardiac surgery
Authors: Zhou Yan , Yang Hong-Yun , Zhang Hui-Li , Zhu Xiao-Jin 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Abnormal High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration is closely related to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgeries. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration and acute kidney injury after non-cardiac surgeries.
Method: This was a single-center cohort study for elective non-cardiac non-kidney surgery from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2017. The endpoint was the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) 7 days postoperatively in the hospital. Preoperative serum High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentration was examined by multivariate logistic regression models before and after propensity score weighting analysis.
Results: Of the 74284 surgeries, 4.4% (3159 cases) suffered acute kidney injury. The odds ratio for HDL (0.96-1.14 as reference, < 0.96, 1.14 -1.35, > 1.35) was 1.28 (1.14 - 1.41), P < 0.001; 0.91 (0.80 - 1.03), P = 0.150; 0.75 (0.64 - 0.85), P < 0.001, respectively. Using a dichotomized cutoff point for propensity analysis, Preoperative serum HDL < 1.03 mmol/L (> 1.03 as reference) was associated with increased risk of postoperative AKI, with odds ratio 1.32 (1.21 - 1.46), P < 0.001 before propensity score weighting, and 1.32 (1.18 - 1.48), P < 0.001 after propensity score weighting. Sensitivity analysis with other cut values of HDL showed similar results.
Conclusions: Using multivariate regression analyses before and after propensity score weighting, in addition to multiple sensitivity analysis methods, this study found that following non-cardiac surgery, low HDL cholesterol levels were independent risk factors for AKI.
Performance of ultrasonography screening for breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Lei , Wang Shengfeng , Zhang Liwen , Sheng Chao , Song Fengju , Huang Yubei 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background To investigate the performance of primary ultrasound (P-US) screening for breast cancer, and that of supplemental ultrasound (S-US) screening for breast cancer after negative mammography (MAM). Methods Electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase) were systematically searched to identify relevant studies published between January 2003 and May 2018. Only high-quality or fair-quality studies reporting any of the following performance values for P-US or S-US screening were included: sensitivity, specificity, cancer detected rate (CDR), recall rate (RR), biopsy rate (BR), proportion of invasive cancers among screening-detected cancers (ProIC), and proportion of node-negative cancers among screening-detected invasive cancers (ProNNIC). Results Twenty-three studies were included, including 12 studies in which S-US screening was used after negative MAM and 11 joint screening studies in which both primary MAM (P-MAM) and P-US were used. Meta-analyses revealed that S-US screening could detect 96% [95% confidential intervals (CIs): 82% to 99%] of occult breast cancers missed by MAM and identify 93% (95% CIs: 89% to 96%) of healthy women, with a CDR of 3.0/1000 (95%CIs: 1.8/1000 to 4.6/1000), RR of 8.8% (95%CIs: 5.0% to 13.4%), BR of 3.9% (95%CIs: 2.7% to 5.4%), ProIC of 73.9% (95%CIs: 49.0% to 93.7%), and ProNNIC of 70.9% (95%CIs: 46.0% to 91.6%). Compared with P-MAM screening, P-US screening led to the recall of significantly more women with positive screening results [1.5% (95%CIs:0.6% to 2.3%), P =0.001] and detected significantly more invasive cancers [16.3% (95%CIs: 10.6% to 22.1%), P < 0.001]. However, there were no significant differences for other performance measures between the two screening methods, including sensitivity, specificity, CDR, BR, and ProNNIC. Conclusions Current evidence suggests that S-US screening could detect occult breast cancers missed by MAM. P-US screening has shown to be comparable to P-MAM screening in women with dense breasts in terms of sensitivity, specificity, cancer detection rate, and biopsy rate, but with higher recall rates and higher detection rates for invasive cancers.
Effect of high-intensity interval training in young heart transplant recipients: results from two randomized controlled trials
Authors: Nytrøen Kari , Rolid Katrine , Yardley Marianne , Gullestad Lars 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Little is known about the effect of exercise in young heart transplant recipients, and results on group level is lacking. This study summarizes the findings of the youngest participants in two previous randomized controlled trials. Method This is a hypothesis-generating study reporting the main results from the youngest participants in two larger randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIT). The article summarizes the main results from 28 young participants (< 40 year of age) who have participated in two previous studies which evaluated the effect of HIT vs. controls in adult heart transplant recipients. One of the studies included de novo heart transplant recipients and the other included maintenance heart transplant recipients. All study tests were performed in-hospital, in the specialist health care setting, but the exercise intervention was carried out locally, in cooperation with the primary health care. In both studies the exercise intervention lasted for 9-12 months. In one study, HIT (85%-95% of peak effort) was compared to controls (no specific intervention), and in the other study HIT was compared to moderate, continuous exercise (MICT, 60-70% of peak effort). The main outcome measure was peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and a secondary endpoint was muscle strength. Results The summarized findings from the youngest heart transplant recipients in these two studies demonstrated mainly that the improvement in peak oxygen uptake among the younger recipients (< 40 years) was much larger (4.7 vs. 1.2 ml/kg/min and 7.0 vs. 2.2 ml/kg/min) compared to the improvement among the older recipients (≥ 40 years), and in accordance with results from adult heart transplant populations: HIT, compared to MICT, induced the largest improvement in peak oxygen consumption, also in the younger heart transplant recipients. Conclusions These results suggest that young heart transplant recipients have a greater effect of HIT than of MICT and may also suggest that younger recipients benefit more from high-intensity interval training than their older co-patients. However, larger randomized studies focusing on the young heart transplant population is strongly needed to confirm this hypothesis.
Identification of transcription factors MYC and C/EBPβ mediated regulatory networks in heart failure based on Gene Expression Omnibus datasets
Authors: Wang Haiwei , Wang Xinrui , Xu Liangpu , Cao Hua 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: Heart failure is one of leading cause of death worldwide. However, the transcriptional profiling of heart failure is unclear. Moreover, the signaling pathways and transcription factors involving the heart failure development also are largely unknown. Using published Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, in the present study, we aim to comprehensively analyze the differentially expressed genes in failing heart tissues, and identified the critical signaling pathways and transcription factors involving heart failure development.
Methods: The transcriptional profiling of heart failure was identified from previously published gene expression datasets deposited in GSE5406, GSE16499 and GSE68316. The enriched signaling pathways and transcription factors were analyzed using Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) website and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) assay. The transcriptional networks were created by Cytoscape.
Results: Compared with the normal heart tissues, 90 genes were particularly differentially expressed in failing heart tissues, and those genes were associated with multiple metabolism signaling pathways and insulin signaling pathway. Metabolism and insulin signaling pathway were both inactivated in failing heart tissues. Transcription factors MYC and C/EBPβ were both negatively associated with the expression profiling of failing heart tissues in GSEA assay. Moreover, compared with normal heart tissues, MYC and C/EBPβ were down regulated in failing heart tissues. Furthermore, MYC and C/EBPβ mediated downstream target genes were also decreased in failing heart tissues. MYC and C/EBPβ were positively correlated with each other. At last, we constructed MYC and C/EBPβ mediated regulatory networks in failing heart tissues, and identified the MYC and C/EBPβ target genes which had been reported involving the heart failure developmental progress.
Conclusions: Our results suggested that metabolism pathways and insulin signaling pathway, transcription factors MYC and C/EBPβ played critical roles in heart failure developmental progress.
Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 among people living with HIV in Mbeya, Tanzania
Authors: Mwakyula Issakwisa Habakkuk , Mbwile Gloria Reginald , Mbwanji Godlove Fred , Nassoro David Daniel , Ntinginya Nyanda Elias , Nsojo Anthony Ambikile 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background

Despite the significant decline in the prevalence of HIV in Tanzania, the prevalence rates in the Mbeya, Iringa, and Njombe regions are higher than the national average and have remained stable for years. The current stable HIV prevalence may be driven by factors such as a high incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and high-risk behaviours. In sub-Saharan Africa, it has previously been observed that up to 50% of HIV cases were attributed to herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2) among low-risk populations. Because the proportion of sexually transmitted HSV-1 is rising and HSV-1 tends to cause the shedding of oropharyngeal mucosal ulcers, it is essential to study the interaction between HSV-1 and HIV infections.
Methods

We conducted a study in the Mbeya region using the archived blood sera of participants from the recently completed EU-funded EMINI project. A specially designed questionnaire was used to obtain the social and demographic characteristics of the study participants in the database. We tested archived participants’ sera for herpes simplex virus type 1 using Virotech HSV-1 (gG1) IgG ELISA (Enzygnost, Behring, Germany). Univariate and multivariate Poisson regression models were used to identify factors associated with HSV-1.

Results

A total of 640 adults were randomly recruited after stratification by HIV status, age, and sex. The overall seroprevalence of HSV-1 in the study population was 92.1%. The extrapolated prevalence estimate of herpes simplex virus type 1 in the general population was 95.0% (96.0% in males versus 94.0% in females). Males and females were equally affected by HSV-1. HSV-1 was less prevalent in HIV-positive individuals than in HIV-negative individuals.Conclusion

People living with HIV were less likely to be HSV-1 seropositive. Further cohort studies can evaluate whether herpes simplex virus type 1 can reduce the incidence of HIV infection.
Adults' dental treatment in 2001-2013 in Finnish Public Dental Service
Authors: Linden Jari , Widström Eeva , Sinkkonen Janne 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background All adults over 17 years of age have access to the Public Dental Service after the Finnish Dental Care Reform in 2001-2002. This study aimed to survey the treatment needs and treatment measures provided for adult patients and changes in these during the period 2001–2013. Methods Using each person’s unique identifier, demographic data on dental visits during the period 2001 - 2013 were collected from municipal databases in five PDS-units covering 320,000 inhabitants. The numbers of visitors, those in need of basic periodontal or caries treatment (CPI >2 and D + d > 0) were calculated for three age groups. Treatment provided was also calculated in 13 treatment categories. Trend analyses were performed to study changes during the study period. Results Restorative treatments (968,772; 23.6%), examinations (658,394; 16.1%), radiographs taken (529,875; 12.9%) anaesthesia used (521,169; 12.7%) and emergency treatments (348,229; 8.5%) made up 73.8% of all treatment measures during the entire study period. Periodontal treatment (7.8%) and caries prevention (3.9%) made up a small part of the care provided and prosthetics and treatment of TMJ disorders were extremely uncommon (fewer than 1%). Treatments related to caries (restorative treatment, examinations, endodontics, emergencies, anaesthesia and radiographs) made up 60.4% of the dental personnel’s treatment time. During the study period, statistically significant increasing trends were found for radiographs (p<0.001***), anaesthesia (p=0.003**) and total number of treatments (p=0.009**). There was a slight decreasing trend in treatment need among the youngest adults (18-39years; p=0.033*). Conclusion Compared with the results of national epidemiological studies, insufficient periodontal treatment is provided and prosthetic treatment is almost totally neglected in the PDS. Rather, adults’ dental treatment concentrates on treatment of caries. The unmet needs may be due to tradition, inadequate treatment processes or a lack of resources or failed salary incentives.
Household Expenditures And Direct Medical Costs Among Older Adults In Ghana: Evidence From Who-sage Wave 2
Authors: Blankson Paa-Kwesi , Hewlett Sandra Ama , Ndanu Thomas Akuetteh , Amoah Gyaami , Boamah Matthew Owusu , Tormeti Daniel , Ampofo Patrick , Mensah George , Minicuci Nadia , Kowal Paul , Lartey Margaret , Biritwum Richard , YAWSON ALFRED 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background: The Ghanaian population aged 60 years and older will almost double to reach 10% of the total population by 2050. Ascertaining the pattern of health expenditures among this growing population group is important to inform policy makers about the targets for financial risk protection as part of achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) by 2030. This study aimed to estimate household expenditures among older adults and determine the direct medical costs.Methods : The World Health Organization's Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) Wave 2 was conducted in China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russian Federation, and South Africa between 2014 and 2015, as a follow-up to Wave 0 in 2003 to 2004 and Wave 1 in 2007 to 2010. Survey questions explored sources of income and total direct expenditures in the year preceding interview. SAGE Ghana was implemented using face-to-face interviews in a nationally representative sample of persons aged 50+ years with a comparison sample of younger adults aged 18–49 years.Findings : Analyses included a total of 4,735 participants, with 1,948 (41.1%) males and 2,787 (58.9%) females, of median and mean ages of 58 years and 57.6 (±16.7), respectively. The average annual household expenditures were US$ 1,893.44 (±3,501.14). Older adults had higher expenditure levels at US$ 1,902 (± 3,876), as compared to younger adults, US$ 1,867 (±1,937). Direct health-related costs and food expenditure accounted for 18% and 46% respectively of the total household expenditure of older Ghanaian adults. The prevalence of catastrophic health expenditure among older adults in Ghana was 4.5% (95% CI 3.5% to 5.8%)Conclusion: These updated estimates on household expenditure among older adults provide needed evidence to support the inclusion of social protection mechanisms in the national ageing agenda. The National Health Insurance as presently did not reduce the financial burden for households with older adults.
An integrative systems biology approach to identify the molecular basis of sperm quality in swine
Authors: Godia Marta , Reverter Antonio , Gonzalez-Prendes Rayner , Ramayo-Caldas Yuliaxis , Castello Anna , Rodriguez-Gil Joan Enric , Sanchez Armand , Clop Alex 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background:Genetic pressure in animal breeding is sparking the interest to select for elite boars with higher sperm quality to maximize ejaculate doses and fertility rates. However, the molecular basis of sperm quality remains largely unexplored. In this study, we sought to identify candidate genes, pathways and DNA variants associated to sperm quality in swine by analyzing 25 sperm-related phenotypes using a systems biology approach that integrates GWAS and RNA-seq.Results:By GWAS, we identified 12 QTL regions associated to the percentage of head and neck abnormalities, abnormal acrosomes and motile spermatozoa. Candidate genes included CHD2, KATNAL2, SLC14A2 or ABCA1. By RNA-seq, we detected 6,128 significant correlations between sperm traits and gene RNA abundances. We built a gene interaction network with the GWAS and the RNA-seq data. To build a robust gene interaction network, only the pair-wise interactions present in both the genetic co-association and the RNA co-abundance network were kept. Moreover, we also included to the Final Network both the genes which RNA abundances correlated with more than 4 semen traits as well as the miRNAs interacting with the genes on the network. The Final Network was enriched for genes involved in gamete generation and development, meiotic cell cycle, DNA repair or embryo implantation. We finally designed a panel of 73 SNPs provided from the GWAS, eGWAS and the Final Network, that explains between 5 to 36% of the phenotypic variance of the sperm traits.Conclusions:By means of a systems biology approach, we identified potential key genes affecting sperm quality. Furthermore, we propose a SNP panel that might explain a substantial part of the genetic variance for semen quality in swine and may thus be of interest for the pig breeding sector.