bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Evolution of the Socio-cultural and Religious Characteristics of Cancer Patients in Morocco: Case of the National Institute of Oncology Rabat
Authors: Elkhalloufi Fahd , Boutayeb Saber , Mamouch Fouzia , Rakibi Latifa , Elmajjaoui Sanae , Errihani Hassan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: In 2018, Morocco recorded more than 52,783 new cases of cancer and more than 32,962 cases of death (IARC, 2018). Cancer is always accompanied by socially constructed, differentiated and contingent interpretations and practices according to the socio-cultural and religious characteristics of each region. The aims of this study is describing the evolution of the socio-cultural and religious aspects of Moroccan cancer patients followed at the National Institute of Oncology (NIO) of RABAT between 2010 and 2020.Methods: We have prospectively studied all cancer cases diagnosed at the National Oncology Institute (NIO), Rabat in 2019. We have collected 1102 cases. The data collected was compared with the results of the study carried out in 2010 (1600 cases). Statistical analysis has been assessed by SPSS 20 software and the correlations between socio-cultural characteristics were examined using a chisquare test.Results: from a socio-economic point of view, almost all patients claim that cancer is a costly disease as well as a disease that leads to a drop in income and the inevitable impoverishment of Moroccan patients. The illiteracy rate is higher than in subsequent studies 42.4%. On the psychological level, the damage to body image has a negative impact on the marital relationship. The number of female patients who are victims of spousal divorce and separation is very high. Damage to body image (alopecia) can lead to stigmatizing behaviour. Concerning the spiritual aspect, in the Arab-Berber-Muslim culture, the impact of the occurrence of cancer is very particular, and the repercussions are assessed differently depending on the degree of conviction. for practicing believers, cancer is considered a divine trial, but for non-practicing believers, cancer is regarded as a divine punishment coming from outside. New behaviours reported by this research concern the use of ROKIA as an anti-cancer remedy, 42% of patients use ROKIA.Conclusion: It is important to take these data into account in the therapeutic management of patients in order to better relieve them, which sometimes proves difficult for the healthcare team. The main relief seems to come from the deep religious beliefs that help.
MicroRNA-665 Regulated Cell Proliferation, Migration and Apoptosis by Targeting Nemo-like Kinase in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Huang Chu , Yue Weiming , Li Lin , Li Shuhai , Gao Cun , Si Libo , Qi Lei , Cheng Chuanle , Lu Ming , Tian Hui 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Many evidences proved important roles of microRNAs in the occurrence and development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This work aimed to explore the effects and regulating mechanism of microRNA-665 (miR-665) in NSCLC. Methods: Here, quantitative real time PCR was used to evaluate the expression level of miR-665 in NSCLC tissues and several cell lines (H520, H1299, PC9, H358, and A549). Then, MTT, apoptosis assays and wound-healing assays were performed to study miR-665 functions on cell proliferation, apoptosis and migration. Based on bioinformatics analysis, nemo-like kinase (NLK) was predicted as a potential target of miR-665 and then a series of experiments were performed to explore miR-665 mechanism.Results: In NSCLC tissues and several cell lines, miR-665 was up-regulated and cell experiments displayed that it had abilities to promote cell proliferation and migration, and inhibit cell apoptosis. MiR-665 over-expression could reduce NLK mRNA and protein level by binding to 3′-untranslated region of NLK, which suggested that miR-665 could regulate NLK expression. Further analysis found that there was an inverse correlation f between miR-665 and NLK in NSCLC. Moreover, low-level NLK possessed same effects on cells as miR-665 over-expression, and its knockdown could partly recovery the miR-665-mediated cell proliferation, migration and anti-apoptosis, indicating that miR-665 might regulate biological behaviors of NSCLC cells via targeting NLK. Conclusion: MiR-665 probably promoted NSCLC occurrence and progression via targeting NLK, which might be a hopeful biomarker for NSCLC diagnosis or a target for treatment.
Long-term kidney function and mortality after radical cystectomy and ileal conduit formation.
Authors: Chevarria Julio , Ebad Chaudhry A. , Hamill Mairead , Constandache Catalin , Cowhig Cliona , O’Shea Hazel , Deady Sandra , Little Dilly M , Conlon Peter J. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Treatment for bladder cancer includes radical cystectomy (RC) and urinary diversion, RC is associated with long-term morbidity, kidney function deterioration and mortality. Our aim was to identify risk factors associated with postoperative long-term kidney function decline and mortality. Methods: Retrospective study of patients with RC and urinary diversion in Beaumont Hospital from 1996 to 2016. We included patients who had follow up data of at least two years post procedure. We assessed the following outcomes: estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) preoperatively, at first and second year post-procedure, kidney function decline >10 ml/min/1.73m 2 , dialysis commencement and mortality. Logistic regression analyses were applied to assess risk factors associated, a p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: We included 264 patients, with median age 68.3 years, 73,7% males. The most common diagnosis was bladder cancer 93.3%, TNM stages were grouped in T≥2 75.9%, N≥1 47.6% and M1 28%. The median eGFR preoperative was 65.8 ml/min/1.73m 2 and after 2 years 58.2 ml/min/1.73m 2 (p:0.009), 5.6% required chronic dialysis and 32.8% had a decrease >10 ml/min/1.73m 2 . Risk factors associated with ESKD included; age (HR:1.13, CI95% 1.05-1.22), and pre-operative eGFR (HR:1.04, CI95% 1.01-1.07). Overall mortality was 43.2% and 75.9% at 5 and 10 years respectively, risk factors for which were age (HR:1.1, CI95% 1.04-1.18), preoperative eGFR (HR:1.03, CI95% 1.01-1.06) and male gender (HR:14.8, CI95% 1.1-192). Conclusions: Patients with RC are at risk of progressive kidney function deterioration and elevated mortality and the main risk factors associated were age, sex, and preoperative eGFR. Regular monitoring of kidney function will permit early diagnosis and treatment.
Feco-prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Associated Risk Factors Among Patients Living with HIV/AIDS on ART at Tefera Hailu Memorial General Hospital Sekota, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Kiros Mulualem , Gizachew Mucheye , Gebrecherkos Teklay 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Globally, two-thirds of humans are infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a flagellated Gram negative bacterium, brings peptic ulcer disease and others, mainly, in HIV patients on ART. Its infection among HIV/AIDS patients is not well understood in developing countries, including the study area.Objective: To assess prevalence of H. pylori infection and associated risk factors among HIV/AIDS on ART patients at Tefera Hailu General Memorial hospital Sekota Northeast, Ethiopia. Methods: An institution based cross sectional study was conducted on HIV/AIDS on ART patients from February to June 2019. A face-to-face interview was administered to assess risk factors for H. pylori infection by using semi structured questionnaire. A stool sample was tested for H. pylori antigen using the ImmunoCardSTAT HpSA kit as per the manufactures` instruction. Data were entered into excel spreadsheet, cleaned, exported to and analyzed by using the SPSS version 20. Logistic regression model was used to determine the association between explanatory and outcome variables. For all cases, p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 88 HIV/AIDS patients on ART were included in this study. Of these, 53.4% were females, 54.5% were urban dwellers, 69.3% were single, 51.1% had formal education and 58.0% were non-employed. From these, study participants, a total of 88 stool samples were collected and analyzed, and 57 (64.8%, 95% CI: 54.5-73.9) H. pylori positivity was observed. Among explanatory variables tested, number of family members (AOR: 17.059; 95%CI: 1.751, 166.185; p-value = 0.015) and water sources for drinking and cooking (AOR: 0.096; 95%CI: 0.010, 0.951; p-value = 0.045) were statistically significant with H pylori positivity. Other factors did not show association with H. pylori infection (p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: Prevalence of H. pylori among HIV on ART patients was within the ranges of global prevalence (10%-76%). Number of family members and water sources for drinking and cooking purpose were found to be factors associated with the H. pylori positivity in this study. This finding necessitates the need to design and apply intervention measures that could decrease transmission and thus minimize the clinical consequences of infection.
A Comprehensive Screening Strategy of Breast Cancer Based on Different Penetrance Susceptibility Genes in Healthy Han Chinese Females
Authors: Hu Ling , Wu Chengbi , Liu Ping , Jiang Lanbin , Guo Yuntao , Jiang Xin , Xiong Nian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Morbidity and mortality associated with breast cancer (BC) had increased rapidly in China. Early screening and intervention could greatly reduce the risk of hereditary BC. Several risk models had been utilized over the last decades to predict individual BC risk, but most of them didn’t assess the polygenic risk of low-penetrant genes. A novel screening method integrating different penetrance susceptibility genes was eagerly needed.Methods: Twenty-three variants of high and moderate penetrance susceptibility genes (HVs) and twenty loci of low penetrance susceptibility genes (LVs) were selected from previous studies. Genotyping of these mutations were conducted among 3777 healthy Chinese Han women and 401 BC subjects. Based on the mutation profiles, we raised a comprehensive screening strategy using HVs and LVs to evaluate the polygenic risk score (PRS) in healthy individuals.Results: Three HVs in BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB genes mutated in the study population, which suggests the necessity of applying genetic determination to healthy Han Chinese women. LVs were widely carried in objects and their frequencies differed greatly between Han Chinese females and the west population. After quality control and lasso dimension reduction, nineteen of twenty-three LVs were involved to construct a logistic regression model to evaluate the cumulative genetic risk score. The area under curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity of the model is 0.993, 0.9676 and 0.9617 respectively, indicating that it is robust. Finally, a screening strategy using HVs and LVs was put forward to evaluate the risk of BC in normal objects.Conclusions: The distribution of HVs and LVs differed greatly between Han Chinese females and the west population. A screening strategy combining HVs and LVs showed strong efficacy in distinguishing high risk individuals from healthy women.Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR2000038558. Registered 24 September 2020 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=60543
Decision-Making in Implantology – A Vignette-Based Study to Determine Clinical Treatment Routines for the Edentulous Atrophic Mandible
Authors: Korsch Michael , Walther Winfried , Robra Bernt-Peter , Sahin Aynur , Hannig Matthias , Bartols Andreas 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe aim of the study was to investigate the influence of possible factors on decision making in the therapy for the severely atrophied edentulous mandible.MethodsA vignette-based survey among 250 maxillofacial surgeons and oral surgeons on the edentulous narrow atrophic mandible was conducted. Determinants that could influence the therapy decision were patient age, smoking, fear of surgery and radiotherapy in the head and neck area. To achieve a suitable implant site, the options offered to the surgeons were bone split, bone block, augmentation with bone substitute material and bone resection. In addition, there was the option of rejecting any therapy.ResultsThe response rate was 46.8%. Resection was preferred by a large majority to all other forms of therapy, regardless of the four determinants. Surgeons tend to refrain from bone block transplants in older patients. Smoking led significantly more often to the rejection of an intervention. Fear of surgery had no influence on the treatment methods, previous radiotherapy treatment only for bone split.ConclusionsIn the narrow atrophic mandible, bone resection is the preferred therapy independent of all determinants. Surgeons tend to refrain from complex and invasive procedures in older patients and generally tend to refrain from interventions in smokers.
Clinical Factors Associated With Anxiety and Depression in Korean Women With Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
Authors: Lee Hae Nam , Seo Ji Min , Um Gi Soo , Kim Min Jeong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is defined as an abnormality in menstrual bleeding and is common gynecological problem in premenopausal women. Anxiety and depressive disorders were frequently observed in patients with AUB. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and the relationship of anxiety and depression in Korean women with AUB.Methods: The study was a questionnaire study of 124 Korean women aged 15–55 who admitted a single university hospital due to AUB between September 2015 and December 2019. Anxiety, depression were assessed using the Korean Beck Anxiety Inventory (K-BAI), the Korean Beck Depression Inventory-II (K-BDI-II). The obstetrical and clinical data were analyzed to assess the association of anxiety and depression with AUB.Results: Out of 124 patients, 47 (37.9%) met the criteria for anxiety, and 24 (19.5%) met the criteria for depression. The most common menstrual problems seen were heavy menstrual bleeding (80.7%), followed by irregular bleeding (62.9%), dysmenorrhea (55.7%), and irregular menstrual cycles (33.9%). More women with AUB in our study had anxiety as measured by the K-BAI and depression as measured by the K-BDI-II. A history of abortion and cesarean section were related with anxiety, whereas a history of minor surgery was related to depression. Anxiety and depression (r = 0.629, p < 0.001) were correlated with AUB.Conclusions: Anxiety and depression are underdiagnosed and undertreated in Korean women with AUB symptoms. Screening and appropriate mental health management are needed for women with AUB for women’s health.
Challenges of Nurses in the Caring Process of Patients with COVID-19 in Iran: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Sharififar Simintaj , Moradi Maryam , Marzaleh Milad Ahmadi 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The illness caused by the novel coronavirus is an emerging disease, and for this reason, the international community is encountered with its an unknown nature, such as clinical features, treatments and its long-term complications. Experience suggests that humans are affected by the psychological and social effects of epidemics and pandemics of infectious diseases. Caring for patients with this disease is a new experience that has to be explored. The present study was carried out, using a qualitative method to detect the challenges to which nurses are faced with in the process of caring for patients with COVID-19 in Iran.Methods: This is a qualitative study, using in-depth semi-structured interviews with 19 key informants selected via targeted sampling. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis to identify the challenges to which the nurses have encountered in the process of caring for patients with COVID-19 in Iran.Results: Challenges of the nurses in the caring process for patients with COVID-19 are listed in five categories of stress and psychological issues, equipment-related challenges, increased events of errors, medication and treatment problems, and hospital management.at the same time, 35 subcategories were also identified.Conclusion: Since nurses are at the forefront in fighting the COVID-19, there must be plans to increase their preparedness. Deficiencies in health systems, including equipment, medicine, and personal protective gear should also be addressed so that nurses can better respond to these incidents. Psychological and mental support is a key component of the nurses’ appropriate response; thus, along with nurses' responses, individual, group, and family psychological support should be facilitated to increase performance and effectiveness in response to COVID-19.
What is the Impact of the European Resuscitation Council Covid-19 Guidelines on Resuscitation Quality – A Manakin Study
Authors: Jansen Gerrit , Ebeling Nicole , Latka Eugen , Krüger Stefan , Scholz Sean , Trapp Simon , Grannemann Julia Johanna , Thaemel Daniel , Chandwani Suraj , Sauzet Odile , Rehberg Sebastian , Borgstedt Rainer 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundTo evaluate the effects of European Resuscitation Council (ERC) Covid-19-guidelines on resuscitation quality.MethodsIn an observational manikin study paramedics and emergency physicians performed Advanced-Cardiac-Life-Support in three settings: ERC guidelines 2015 (Control), Covid-19-guidelines as suggested with minimum staff (Covid-19-minimal-personnel); Covid-19-guidelines with paramedics and an emergency physician (Covid-19-advanced-airway-manager). Main outcome measures were no-flow-time, quality metrics as defined by ERC and time intervals to first chest compression, oxygen supply, intubation and first rhythm analysis. Data were presented as mean (standard deviation).Results30 resuscitation scenarios were completed. No-flow-time was markly prolonged in Covid-19-minimal-personnel [113±37 sec] compared to Control [55±9 sec; p<0.001] and Covid-19-advanced-airway-manager [76±38 sec; p<0.001]. In both Covid-19-groups chest compressions started later [Control: 21±5 sec, Covid-19-minimal-personnel: 32±6 sec; Covid-19-advanced-airway-manager: 37±7 sec; each p<0.001 vs. control], but oxygen supply [Control: 77±19 sec; Covid-19-minimal-personnel: 29±5 sec; Covid-19-advanced-airway-manager: 34±7 sec; each p<0.001 vs. control] and first intubation attempt [Control: 178±44 sec; Covid-19-minimal-personnel: 111±14 sec; Covid-19-advanced-airway-manager: 131±20 sec; each p<0.001 vs. control] were earlier than in the control group. However, succesful intubation was similar [Control: 198±48 sec; Covid-19-minimal-personnel: 181±42 sec; Covid-19-advanced-airway-manager: 130±25 sec] due to a longer intubation time in Covid-19-minimal-personnel [61±35 sec] compared to Covid-19-advanced-airway-manager (p=0.002) and control [19±6 sec; p<0.001]. Time to first rhythm analysis was more than doubled in Covid-19-minimal-personnel [138±96 sec] compared to control [50±12 sec, p<0.001].ConclusionCovid-19-guidelines led to earlier attempts at intubation, delay in starting chest compressions, longer interruption in chest compression and markedly worsen the quality of resuscitation. These negative effects are attenuated by increasing the number of staff and addition of an experienced airway manager. Specific indications for Covid-19-guidelines are urgently required to carefully balance the risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 for the staff vs. the potentially worse outcome for the patients.
Canine Dirofilariasis In Panamá. First Case Report.
Authors: Chacón Samuel Candanedo , Candanedo. Patricia Guizardi Correia de 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background. The living beings have suffered with the climate changes that are affecting the planet in the latest decades. This has allowed the development of many vectors with the correspondent increase in their vector-borne diseases (VBD). Panama is a country that historically has suffered with the effects of the VBD even before the Panama Canal construction. D.immitis is a worldwide distribution parasite found in most American countries, but heretofore it was not recorded on the Panamanian isthmus. Methods. Here we report a male, 5.5 years old dog in the Boca Chica region, San Lorenzo district, Chiriqui province, Rep of Panama. The canine arrived with serious cardiopulmonary symptoms, convulsions and strong arrhythmia. We examined the dog´s blood cells and found hemoglobin levels in 2.7 g/dL, and a quick snap quattro test showing a positive result for D. immitis. Because of the gravity of the symptoms and the evident suffering of the patient, the owners requested that the dog be euthanized. We proceeded with the euthanasia and removed the heart. It was fixed in formaldehyde and sent for an anatomic histopathology study. Results. Thirty whole adult nematodes were found, 14 females and 16 males, measuring between 20.2 cm and 12.4cm long on average, respectively, located on the pericardium, pulmonary artery and right ventricle and atrium. The anatomy histophatology results shows chronic myocarditis, chronic pericarditis, and enlargement of the right ventricle. However, the pulmonary artery-vein endothelium, and inner space seems to be normal. Inflammatory infiltrate was found on myocardium compound of lymphocytes and macrophages, characterizing the myocarditis. Monocytes/macrophages infiltrate was found on the pericardium at the place where the specimen was collected characterizing the pericarditis. Conclusions. We can conclude, starting with the observed case, that D. immitis epidemiological research is necessary in Panama to ascertain the real prevalence and pathogenesis of the nematode in this country, to identify the vectors involved, the damage to dogs, the prevalence in wild animals, and the incidence of lesions on humans. Studies are indicated to identify Wolbachia sp bacteria on the nematode, clarifying this bacteria´s participation in the pathogenesis of heartworm disease.
In vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity and Protective Effects on Cardiomyocytes with H/R Injury of Garlic/Onion Oil
Authors: Lu Yifei , Lv Hui , Li Lihua , Yang Chao , Pan Da , Yang Ligang , Wang Shaokang , Sun Guiju 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: At present, the research concerning in vitro experiments of garlic oil and onion oil is limited. The objective of this study was to carry out the research on the effective components of garlic and onion, and to study the antibacterial activity of the two essential oils and their protective effects on cardiomyocytes with hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury.Method: The protective effect of volatile oils at different concentrations (200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.3, 3.1mg/L) on the endothelial cell of microvascular in cardiac muscle against H/R injury was examined by MTT and flow cytometer method. The survival rate and apoptosis situation were record. Inhibition zone test was used to evaluate antibacterial activity of volatile oils. MIC and MBC were calculated as well.Results: To achieve a higher survival rate, the optimum concentrations of garlic oil and onion oil were 12.5mg/L and 6.13mg/L and high concentrations of garlic and onion oil decreased the survival rate. Both the 12.5mg/L onion and garlic oil reduced the apoptosis situation of cardiomyocytes. Both garlic oil and onion oil had antibacterial effect on gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria, and had the best antibacterial effect on cocci of gram-positive bacteria.Conclusion: Garlic and onion oil do have antibacterial activity and protective effects on cardiomyocytes with H/R injury in a concentration range.