bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The infected diabetic foot: Incidence and risk factors for dehiscence after surgery for diabetic foot infections
Authors: Lavery Lawrence A. , Reyes Mario C. , Najafi Bijan , Coye Tyler L. , Chung Jayer , Siah Michael C. , Tarricone Arthur N. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractOur objective was to assess the incidence, risk factors and clinical outcomes of dehiscence after foot surgery in diabetic patients. We used pooled patient‐level data from two randomised clinical trials with 240 diabetic patients who required foot surgery for infections. Most patients (n = 180, 75.0%) had surgical wound closure. We defined dehisced surgical wounds (DSW) when the surgical site was not completely epithelialized with no drainage after sutures/staples were removed with a 2‐week validation of healing. We evaluated the time to heal, re‐infection, re‐ulceration, hospital admissions and amputations. Moderate and severe infection was based on criteria of the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot. We used χ2 and t‐test and Mann–Whitney U for comparison of clinical events, with α of <0.05. DSW occurred in 137 (76.1%) patients. DSW patients were more likely to have hypertension (62.8% vs. 81.8%, p = 0.01), high ESR (59.1 ± 37.9 vs. 75.9 ± 37.6, p = 0.01), low toe brachial indices (0.8 ± 0.2) (0.7 ± 0.2, p = 0.005), toe brachial indices <0.6 (16.7% vs. 40.9%, p = 0.008), and low skin perfusion pressure measurements (dorsal medial 71.0 ± 29.4 vs. 59.3 ± 23.3, p = 0.01, and plantar medial 81.8 ± 24.9 vs. 72.2 ± 20.4, p = 0.02). During 12‐month follow‐up, DSW patients were 12.9 times more likely to have re‐infection (0% vs. 12.4%, p = 0.02) and 6.8 times more likely to require amputation (2.3% vs. 13.9%, p = 0.04). The median healing time (28, 22.5–35.0 vs. 114.0, 69.0; 365, p = 0.001), and median length of hospitalisation were longer in DSW patients (12.0, 9.01–9.0 vs. 15.0, 11.0–24.0, p = 0.04). There was a high incidence of DSW, associated with poor clinical outcomes.
Xenotransplantation in the Age of Genome Editing: Results From the Expert Report for the Federal Ethics Committee on Nonhuman Biotechnology With a Special Focus on Animal Ethics
Authors: Camenzind Samuel 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Federal Ethics Committee on Non‐Human Biotechnology (ECNH) of Switzerland is an independent expert committee appointed by the Federal Council and mandated to advise the federal authorities from an ethical perspective in the field of nonhuman biotechnology and gene technology. Due to recent developments in the field of xenotransplantation after the introduction of genome editing technologies, the ECNH has commissioned an expert report on the ethical questions of xenotransplantation with a focus on animal ethics. The subject of the inquiry is, in particular, if current developments in the field of xenotransplantation raise new questions regarding ethics in the nonhuman realm or if existing questions have to be re‐examined and answered anew.MethodsAn interdisciplinary approach was applied to answer this question. Based on the latest empirical results from medicine and biotechnology, xenotransplantation is analyzed and evaluated with reference to the dignity of the creature (Würde der Kreatur)—which is defined in the Swiss Federal Constitution—and the dignity of animals (Tierwürde) that is stipulated in the Swiss Animal Welfare Act and the Federal Act on Non‐Human Gene Technology, as well as contemporary positions in the ethics of the human–animal relationship.ResultsThe report concludes that genome editing for xenotransplantation does not generate any qualitatively new ethical issues concerning ethics in the nonhuman realm.However, contemporary biotechnological developments must be taken as an opportunity to discuss existing ethical issues in an urgent and intensified manner, particularly regarding the significance of animals' moral standing. The lack of consideration of animal‐related aspects and the neglect of current developments and the state of the art of animal ethics in the recent discussion about xenotransplantation is a scientific, ethical, and political issue because animals are most negatively affected by xenotransplantation. This is especially relevant because the contemporary state of the art in animal ethics tends to consider and protect animals more strongly than in the past.
Embolisation of an acquired uterine arteriovenous malformation
Authors: Coffey Aidan John , Galvin Daniel , Power Stephen , Hayes-Ryan Deirdre 
Published: December 2024

A G5P2+2 woman in her 30s presented to hospital with per vaginum (PV) bleeding, approximately 2 weeks post electric vacuum aspiration (EVA) for retained products of conception. Ultrasound and MRI demonstrated a large vascular myometrial lesion, suggestive of a uterine arteriovenous malformation (UAVM). She underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) with interventional radiology and simultaneous uterine artery embolisation (UAE). She represented 2 weeks later with recurrent PV bleeding and anaemia. She underwent repeat DSA, demonstrating persistent UAVM, and a repeat embolisation was performed. Symptoms resolved following the second embolisation, and a repeat MRI performed 12 weeks later demonstrated complete resolution of the UAVM.Although UAVMs are rare lesions, they can cause significant haemorrhage and morbidity. The presence of UAVM should particularly be considered after uterine intervention such as EVA or caesarean section.UAE is a safe and effective therapy, which preserves fertility.
Identifying essential resource parameters for pandemic preparedness and response: an international Delphi study within the EU PANDEM-2 project
Authors: Beishuizen Berend H. H. , Stein Mart L , Buis Joeri S , Tostmann Alma , Green Caroline , Duggan James , Connolly Máire A , Rovers Chantal P , Timen Aura 
Published: December 2024

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the crucial role of healthcare and public health resource management, where scarcity impairs pandemic response resulting in increased disease transmission, delayed patient care and poorer health outcomes. In the EU PANDEM-2 project, we aimed to identify essential resource parameters for pandemic preparedness and response in the context of an emerging viral respiratory illness.DesignAfter performing a systematic literature review, we conducted a Delphi study consisting of a structured questionnaire and consensus round with two separate panels of European public health experts (PHEs) and clinicians, respectively. Resources were categorised as material (n=23), human (n=18) or pharmaceutical (n=12). Data were analysed descriptively for both panels.ResultsParticipants were 17 PHEs and 16 clinicians from nine countries. Consensus between the two panels was found on 40 resource parameters (17 material, 14 human, 9 pharmaceutical; 33 accepted and 7 rejected). Notably, clinicians selected three home care resources while PHEs did not, and PHEs selected two pharmaceutical resources which clinicians did not. No consensus was observed on 13 resources. Eleven additional resources were suggested and included (five for PHE and six for clinicians) among which were personal protective equipment for mobile teams, resources for primary care and resources related to mechanical ventilation.ConclusionsThe high level of consensus between the two expert panels indicates common goals in pandemic resource planning. The disagreement on 13 resource parameters reflects the different priorities between PHEs and clinicians in pandemic planning. This study has demonstrated the core components of resource modelling required for pandemic preparedness planning and shows the importance of consulting experts with both public health and clinical backgrounds. Including our proposed resources in pandemic models allows for more enhanced planning and training activities for future pandemics.
Assessment of a colposcopic scoring system (Swedescore) to reduce the number of cervical biopsies: a protocol for a clinical multicentre non-randomised intervention study in Denmark
Authors: Knudsen Ane-Kersti Skaarup , Randrup Tina Hovgaard , Kesmodel Ulrik Schiøler , Booth Berit , Gustafson Line , Tropé Ameli , Strander Björn , Nieminen Pekka , Hammer Anne 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionColposcopy is a standard procedure for evaluating cervical abnormalities and collecting cervical biopsies. The procedure is associated with intra- and inter-observer variation. A colposcopic scoring system, Swedescore, has been designed to standardise and facilitate colposcopy training. Swedescore has performed well in a routine clinical setting when used by expert colposcopists to find or exclude high-grade lesions. Danish clinical guidelines for colposcopy differ from other countries, as they recommend collecting four cervical biopsies in all women regardless of risk factors or colposcopy findings. Swedescore has never been examined to assess the reduction of cervical biopsies in a real-world clinical setting. This study aims to investigate whether the implementation of Swedescore can optimise the diagnostic work-up for whom the collection of biopsies can be safely omitted or reduced.Methods and analysisThe design is a clinical multicentre non-randomised intervention study in Denmark. According to a power calculation, we will need to include 586 women referred for colposcopy. Colposcopy with Swedescore will be compared with conventional colposcopy with no Swedescore. Cervical biopsies will be divided into two separate vials (target and random biopsies). The primary outcome will be normal or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 detected in cervical biopsies. χ2and logistic regression will be used to compare estimates between arms.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been submitted to the Ethical Committee in Central Denmark region and is not notifiable to the Committee (j.no.: 1-10-72-124-22). Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific meetings.Trial registration numberNCT05870787.Protocol versionVersion 3 (date 12. November 2024).
Family participation in dignity interventions for patients with cancer receiving palliative care: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Cai Qian , Wang Hangsai , Zhang Yue , Wang Liuqing , Zhao Le , Xu Xinfen 
Published: December 2024

IntroductionThe global burden of cancer is escalating, with Asia accounting for over half of cancer-related deaths worldwide. As cancer often diminishes patients’ quality of life and sense of dignity, dignity-related interventions have gained prominence in palliative care for patients with cancer. However, a more in-depth exploration of the involvement of families, as the fundamental social units in Confucian Asian cultures, and cultural considerations is currently lacking. This scoping review focuses specifically on patients with cancer receiving palliative care and aims to offer a comprehensive synthesis of the existing evidence on family participatory dignity interventions, addressing the need for a holistic understanding of this emerging field to guide future research and clinical practice.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will be meticulously structured according to the five-stage framework established by Arksey and O’Malley, complemented by the scoping review methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Our search will encompass a comprehensive array of databases, including PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, CNKI and Wanfang Data, from their inception up to August 2024, targeting both English and Chinese relevant literature. To ensure a thorough exploration, we will also delve into grey literature via OpenGrey, Google Scholar and citation chaining. This scoping review will include all types of quantitative or mixed methods designs and qualitative studies. We will extract data on study design, sample size, intervention details, outcome measures and any other relevant information. The screening process will be conducted by two independent reviewers, who will meticulously assess the titles and abstracts, followed by a full-text review to select relevant studies. Discrepancies will be resolved through consensus discussions with a third reviewer. Data extraction will be executed using a standardised tool, and the findings will be systematically presented in tabular form with an accompanying narrative to summarise all relevant interventions, their characteristics, outcomes and key findings.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for this scoping review is not required, since the methodology merely involves the collection and review of publicly available literature. Our findings will not only be presented and discussed in a peer-reviewed article but also shared at conferences relevant to the topic.Trial registrationOur scoping review protocol has been formally registered with the Open Science Framework. Registration details can be accessed at the provided link:https://osf.io/fyhrm/.
Resource-aware research on Universe and Matter: call-to-action in digital transformation
Authors: Bruers Ben , Cruces Marilyn , Demleitner Markus , Duckeck Guenter , Düren Michael , Eich Niclas , Enßlin Torsten , Erdmann Johannes , Erdmann Martin , Fackeldey Peter , Felder Christian , Fischer Benjamin , Fröse Stefan , Funk Stefan , Gasthuber Martin , Grimshaw Andrew , Hadasch Daniela , Hannemann Moritz , Kappes Alexander , Kleinemühl Raphael , Kozlov Oleksiy M. , Kuhr Thomas , Lupberger Michael , Neuhaus Simon , Niknejadi Pardis , Reindl Judith , Schindler Daniel , Schneidewind Astrid , Schreiber Frank , Schumacher Markus , Schwarz Kilian , Streit Achim , von Cube R. Florian , Walker Rodney , Walther Cyrus , Wozniewski Sebastian , Zhou Kai 
Published: December 2024

AbstractGiven the urgency to reduce fossil fuel energy production to make climate tipping points less likely, we call for resource-aware knowledge gain in the research areas on Universe and Matter with emphasis on the digital transformation. A portfolio of measures is described in detail and then summarized according to the timescales required for their implementation. The measures will both contribute to sustainable research and accelerate scientific progress through increased awareness of resource usage.
JPEG Column: 100th meeting in Covilha, Portugal
Authors: Pinheiro Antonio 
Published: December 2024

The 100th JPEG meeting was held in Covilhã, Portugal, from July 17th to 21st, 2023. At this meeting, in addition to its usual standardization activities, the JPEG Committee organized a celebration on the occasion of its 100th meeting. This face-to-face meeting, the second after the pandemic, had a record amount of face-to-face participation, with more than 70 experts attending the meeting in person.
Several activities reached important milestones. JPEG AI became a committee draft after intensive meeting sessions with detailed analysis of the core experiment results and multiple evaluations of the considered technologies. JPEG NFT issued a call for proposals, and the first JPEG XE use cases and requirements document was also issued publicly. Furthermore, JPEG Trust has made major steps towards its standardization.
Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Saliva Using a Nickel-Based Electrocatalyst
Authors: Saha Dipu , Ramanujam Ashwin , Botte Gerardine G. 
Published: December 2024

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an ongoing and chronic condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Early detection is one way to minimize the spread of AIDS. Current methods cannot reliably detect HIV in saliva samples due to the low concentration of viral particles in oral fluid. A simple, label-free, rapid response and unprecedented nickel-based electrochemical biosensor was developed to detect HIV in saliva using a NiOOH electrocatalyst. The current response difference at an applied potential vs a reference electrode in the presence of HIV was the trait of this sensor. It is hypothesized that the HIV p24 protein blocks the active surface area of the sensor, causing the current response to drop, which increases as the concentration of HIV increases in saliva. Comparative analyses using proteins with varying chemical moieties demonstrated that the sensor’s response was triggered by the functional group’s presence in the HIV p24 protein. The sensor’s limit of detection in saliva is ∼48.40 × 10–5 TCID50 ml−1 HIV culture fluid. The sensor was utilized to successfully distinguish the current response of HIV in saliva from twelve different pathogens. Finally, the sensor replicated similar attributes with HIV-positive patient’s saliva during a clinical study, which makes it a state-of-the-art non-invasive rapid response HIV sensor.
Do a Clinical Practice Guideline Facilitate Shared Decision‐Making? Development of a French Assessment Tool Using the Delphi Consensus Method
Authors: Vincent Yves-Marie , Daron Alienor , Harper Luke , Joseph Jean-Philippe , Giguere Anik , Blot François , Moumjid Nora 
Published: December 2024

Background: Evidence‐based medicine (EBM) is a prime component of medical practice. EBM often translate into clinical practice guidelines (CPG) widely used by healthcare providers. However, CPGs are often focused on a specific pathology, and they rarely make a room for shared decision‐making (SDM) another key dimension, centered on the information exchange between the physician and the patient, the deliberation/discussion, and the decision made based on a common agreement. An assessment tool is therefore needed to determine whether the structure of CPGs allows or not the integration of SDM.Objectives: To develop an assessment tool in French that could quantify the degree to which CPG facilitate SDM by translating and adapting the elements developed in international consensus studies.Method: A Delphi consensus method including seven experts selected from the leading scientific community on the topic. Consensus was considered to have been reached when the approval rate reached 70%.Results: A consensus for the adaptation, relevance, and adjustment of 19 strategies was reached after three rounds. Based on these strategies, 17 criteria were developed. They include general strategies such as adding a specific chapter on SDM, using wording that makes patient involvement explicit, presenting outcomes, benefits and harms of all options including “doing nothing,” and recommendation‐specific strategies such as giving to the patient a copy of his/her personalized treatment plan, recommending which patient decision aid could be used and when, or encouraging the patient to exchange with close relatives and friends for the discussion.Conclusion: We developed a 17‐item tool to assess whether or not a CPG facilitates sustainable development. This tool will have to be tested to ensure that it is easy to use, relevant and reproducible, and thus meets the expected quality criteria. Such a tool would enable researchers and patients alike to assess CPGs using a common benchmark, would support national and international benchmarking processes, and provide a starting point for future improvement. Translations into other languages could broaden the scope of use.
C-Reactive Protein Facilitates Premetastatic Niche Formation in the Lungs
Authors: Saal Jonas , Klümper Niklas , Hölzel Michael 
Published: December 2024

C-reactive protein (CRP) has long been recognized as a marker of inflammation, but its evolving role in immunomodulation and cancer has increasingly been recognized. In recent years, multiple studies have explored CRP as a biomarker for prognosis and therapy response, particularly in the context of cancer immunotherapy. In this issue of Cancer Research, Feng and colleagues investigate the role of CRP in the development of lung metastasis. They provide evidence for a direct role of CRP acting together with commensal bacteria to instruct an immune-tolerant state of pulmonary macrophages through Fc gamma receptor IIb signaling. By suppressing immune surveillance in the lungs, CRP facilitates the formation of a premetastatic niche, allowing circulating tumor cells to establish metastases.
See related article by Feng et al., p. 4184
Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerosis in an Australian Context: Common and Underdiagnosed in Multiple Ethnic Groups
Authors: Pavlin‐Premrl Davor , Waters Michael , Thijs Vincent , Mitchell Peter J. , Yassi Nawaf , Parsons Mark W. , Weir Louise , Pesavento Lauren , Maingard Julian , Cloud Geoffrey , Stanislaus Vimal , Ngun Mei , Campbell Bruce C.V. 
Published: December 2024

Background
Intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAD) is a common cause of stroke globally. We calculated the proportion of patients with stroke with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis in an Australian multiethnic setting, as well as diagnostic rates by stroke physicians and radiologists.

Methods
This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study based in Melbourne, Australia. Demographic data (including self‐reported ethnicity) and data on vascular risk factors were collected. Symptomatic ICAD was independently identified by 2 blinded stroke neurologists using multiplanar reformats and maximum intensity projections of routinely acquired thin slice computed tomography angiography data, with disagreements resolved by a third blinded stroke neurologist. This diagnostic reference standard was compared to the proportion of patients with ICAD identified in the radiology report and stroke team clinical notes.

Results
Of 1328 patients included (mean age, 73 years; 43% female), the proportion of patients with centrally read symptomatic ICAD was 14%, of whom 39% were diagnosed by the stroke clinical team and 65% by the reporting radiologist. Patients of Asian ethnicity more commonly had symptomatic ICAD than patients of European ethnicity (21% versus 14%; odds ratio, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.0–2.23]).

Conclusion
Intracranial atherosclerosis is common and underdiagnosed in an Australian tertiary stroke care unit setting in patients from multiple ethnic backgrounds.
Nineteenth-Century Transatlantic Coastal Culture: Marine Vegetation as Inspiration and Material
Authors: Slipp Naomi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This essay explores how Clement Nye Swift's 1878 painting Une charretée de goemon sur une plage de Bretagne spoke to a range of historical practices and meanings for oceanic algae and articulated a nostalgic account of seaweed collection in the late 1800s, when traditional New England coastal practices were transforming.
Printing Whaling Masculinity in A Shoal of Sperm Whale
Authors: Wells Marina 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This article discusses how the earliest American whaling prints reinforced and constructed ideas about gender. Whaleman Cornelius Hulsart was injured in a whaling accident, but sold prints that highlighted whaling violence, glorified able-bodied sailors, and thanked the industry. These scenes would impact how masculinity was understood in visual culture.