bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life-threatening rocuronium-induced anaphylactic shock without cutaneous manifestations successfully reversed with sugammadex: a case report
Authors: Takise Yoshiaki , Kato Jungo , Suhara Tomohiro , Yamada Takashige , Funakoshi Takeru , Takahashi Hayato , Amagai Masayuki , Morisaki Hiroshi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Recognition of rocuronium-induced anaphylaxis is often challenging, owing to its diverse clinical manifestations. Regarding treatment, several reports have described the efficacy of sugammadex, while conflicting reports have also been published.

Case
A 71-year-old man was scheduled to undergo split-thickness skin grafting surgery on his hip. During the induction of general anesthesia, the patient developed profound circulatory collapse without any cutaneous manifestations, which required 40 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Later, the patient developed circulatory collapse again during the induction of anesthesia for tracheostomy surgery, which apparently coincided with the administration of rocuronium. Rocuronium-induced anaphylactic shock was suspected, and the administration of sugammadex resulted in swift recovery of hemodynamics. The basophil activation test revealed a positive reaction to rocuronium.

Conclusion
The possibility of rocuronium-induced anaphylaxis should be considered when the circulatory collapse coincides with rocuronium administration, even though cutaneous manifestation is absent. Sugammadex can be a treatment option in such atypical cases.
Efficacy of flurbiprofen axetil for preventing postanesthetic shivering in patients undergoing gynecologic laparotomy surgeries
Authors: Kotera Atsushi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Postanesthetic shivering is an unpleasant adverse event in surgical patients. A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug has been reported to be useful in preventing postanesthetic shivering in several previous studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of flurbiprofen axetil being a prodrug of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug for preventing postanesthetic shivering in patients undergoing gynecologic laparotomy surgeries.

Method
This study is a retrospective observational study. I collected data from patients undergoing gynecologic laparotomy surgeries performed between October 1, 2019, and September 30, 2020, at Kumamoto City Hospital. All the patients were managed with general anesthesia with or without epidural analgesia. The administration of intravenous 50 mg flurbiprofen axetil for postoperative pain control at the end of the surgery was left to the individual anesthesiologist. The patients were divided into two groups: those who had received intravenous flurbiprofen axetil (flurbiprofen group) and those who had not received intravenous flurbiprofen axetil (non-flurbiprofen group), and I compared the frequency of postanesthetic shivering between the two groups. Additionally, the factors presumably associated with postanesthetic shivering were collected from the medical charts. Intergroup differences were assessed with the χ2 test with Yates’ correlation for continuity category variables. The Student’s t test was used to test for differences in continuous variables. Furthermore, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to elucidate the relationship between the administration of flurbiprofen axetil and the incidence of PAS.

Results
I retrospectively examined the cases of 141 patients aged 49 ± 13 (range 21-84) years old. The overall postanesthetic shivering rate was 21.3% (30 of the 141 patients). The frequency of postanesthetic shivering in the flurbiprofen group (n = 31) was 6.5%, which was significantly lower than that in the non-flurbiprofen group (n = 110), 25.5% (p value = 0.022). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that administration of flurbiprofen axetil was independently associated with a reduced incidence of postanesthetic shivering (odds ratio 0.12; 95% confidence interval, 0.02-0.66, p value = 0.015).

Conclusions
My result suggests that intraoperative 50 mg flurbiprofen axetil administration for postoperative pain control is useful to prevent postanesthetic shivering in patients undergoing gynecologic laparotomy surgeries.
Dietary modifications achieved successful resolution of symptoms of gastroparesis diagnosed by demonstrating gastric food retention after overnight fasting in diabetic dialysis patients: two case reports with literature review
Authors: Eguchi Eriko 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Gastroparesis is frequently overlooked and difficult to treat. The diagnosis of gastroparesis requires standard upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to exclude gastric outlet obstruction and objective evidence demonstrating delayed gastric emptying. However, none of the internationally recommended methods for measuring gastric emptying including scintigraphy are covered by the Japanese health insurance system. Limitations in the diagnosis might be related to the disease being overlooked in Japan. Meanwhile, presence of retained food in the stomach after overnight fasting without obstruction is classically known to be suggestive of gastroparesis. Some recent reports have considered gastric food retention after an overnight fasting equivalent to delayed gastric emptying.

Case presentation
Two diabetic dialysis patients presented with nausea, vomiting, and oral feeding intolerance in the absence of mechanical obstruction. Abdominal computed tomography, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and ultrasonography demonstrated gastric food retention after overnight fasting. The findings led to the diagnosis of gastroparesis. Appropriate dietary modifications alone successfully relieved the symptoms despite persistent delayed gastric emptying.

Conclusions
Demonstrating retained food residue after fasting for sufficient duration might be a diagnostic alternative. Dietary modifications alone provided significant clinical benefits. Possible approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of gastroparesis in Japan should be investigated.
Urgent need hybrid production - what COVID-19 can teach us about dislocated production through 3d-printing and the maker scene
Authors: Hartig Sascha , Duda Sven , Hildebrandt Lennart 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to large-scale shutdowns in society. This resulted in global supply bottlenecks for medical protective equipment. The so-called Maker Movement recognized this emerging problem early on and, with the help of additive manufacturing (AM), began developing and manufacturing half masks or face shields as personal protective equipment (PPE). This knowledge has been made available in many places in form of open source product data, so that products could be adapted and improved, saving development time.

Methods
This production and innovation potential has been taken up and professionalized by the authors of this article. By means of a proof-of-principle we provide an overview of the possibility and successful unique introduction of a so-called professional “hybrid production” in a micro factory using 3D-printing at the place of greatest demand in a hospital by medical personnel to produce their own PPE. Furthermore the learning process and future benefits of on site 3D-printing are described.

Results
Our proof-of-principle successfully showed that the allocation of 3D-printing capabilities in the hospital infrastructure is possible. With assistance of the engineers, responsible for product design and development, the medical staff was able to produce PPE by means of AM. However, due to legal uncertainties and high material and production costs the usability is severely limited.

Conclusions
The practical research showed that a complete implementation of the concept and the short-term establishment of a 3D-printing factory for the autonomous supply of a hospital with PPE was not feasible without further efforts. Nevertheless, it has enabled the medical staff to use AM technologies for future research approaches.
Characterization of symbiotic and associated bacteria from entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis sp. (nematode: Heterorhabditidae) isolated from India
Authors: Pervez Rashid , Lone Showkat Ahmad , Pattnaik Sasmita 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) harboring symbiotic bacteria are one of the safest alternatives to the chemical insecticides for the control of various insect pests. Infective juveniles of EPNs locate a target insect, enter through the openings, and reach the hemocoel, where they release the symbiotic bacteria and the target gets killed by the virulence factors of the bacteria. Photorhabdus with Heterorhabditis spp. are well documented; little is known about the associated bacteria.

Main body
In this study, we explored the presence of symbiotic and associated bacteria from Heterorhabditis sp. (IISR-EPN 09) and characterized by phenotypic, biochemical, and molecular approaches. Six bacterial isolates, belonging to four different genera, were recovered and identified as follows: Photorhabdus luminescens, one each strain of Providencia vermicola, Pseudomonas entomophila, Alcaligenes aquatilis, and two strains of Alcaligenes faecalis based on the phenotypic, biochemical criteria and the sequencing of 16S rRNA gene.

Conclusion
P. luminescens is symbiotically associated with Heterorhabditis sp. (IISR-EPN 09), whereas P. vermicola, P. entomophila, A. aquatilis, and A. faecalis are the associated bacteria. Further studies are needed to determine the exact role of the bacterial associates with the Heterorhabditis sp.
Determinants of fire intensity in working landscapes of an African savanna
Authors: Laris Paul , Jacobs Rebecca , Koné Moussa , Dembélé Fadiala , Rodrigue Christine M. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundAn often cited rule of savanna fire ecology is that early dry-season fires burn less intensely than late dry-season ones; however, few studies base their experimental design on the practices of fire managers in working landscapes. The objective of this research was to study the factors influencing fireline intensity, combustion, and patchiness for a West African savanna under common vegetation and land management practices. We conducted 97 experimental fires by selecting burn plots and seasonal timing (early,n= 33; middle,n= 44; or late,n= 20) based on local practices in a typical working landscape. We collected data for biomass consumed, grass type, scorch height, speed of fire front, visual efficiency (patchiness), fire type, and ambient air conditions. We used multiple regression analysis to determine the key factors affecting fire intensity.ResultsMean intensity was lowest for the middle season fires and highest for the late season fires. Minimum fire intensity increased over the fire season except for a sharp drop mid season, while maximum intensity progressively decreased. Seasonal values were highly variable. Fire intensity was moderately positively correlated with scorch height and more modestly correlated with visual efficiency, but only marginally correlated with combustion completeness. Average combustion completeness increased weakly as the dry season progressed. Intensity of back-fires was determined primarily by seasonal timing and the associated ambient humidity and wind and, to a lesser extent, grass characteristics. Head-fire intensity was only feebly responsive to wind speed.ConclusionsWe found that, at the peak time of West African savanna burning, the intensity of fires decreased. Fire behaviors in working West African landscapes were more dependent on fire type and wind than seasonality. Finally, we found that fire intensity values were lower than those reported elsewhere due to the more representative conditions of the fire setting (under lower afternoon winds) and fuel loads (lower biomass on working landscapes). Future research should focus on the ecological impacts of fires set under such conditions on growth and death rates of savanna trees.
Machine-learning-based data recovery and its contribution to seismic acquisition: Simultaneous application of deblending, trace reconstruction, and low-frequency extrapolation
Authors: Nakayama Shotaro , Blacquière Gerrit 
Published: December 2020

Acquisition of incomplete data, i.e., blended, sparsely sampled, and narrowband data, allows for cost-effective and efficient field seismic operations. This strategy becomes technically acceptable, provided that a satisfactory recovery of the complete data, i.e., deblended, well-sampled, and broadband data, is attainable. Hence, we explore a machine-learning approach that simultaneously performs suppression of blending noise, reconstruction of missing traces, and extrapolation of low frequencies. We have applied a deep convolutional neural network in the framework of supervised learning in which we train a network using pairs of incomplete-complete data sets. Incomplete data, which are never used for training and use different subsurface properties and acquisition scenarios, are subsequently fed into the trained network to predict complete data. We develop matrix representations indicating the contributions of different acquisition strategies to reducing the field operational effort. We also determine that the simultaneous implementation of source blending, sparse geometry, and band limitation leads to a significant data compression where the size of the incomplete data in the frequency-space domain is much smaller than the size of the complete data. This reduction is indicative of survey cost and duration that our acquisition strategy can save. Synthetic and field data examples demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach. Despite the reduced amount of information available in the incomplete data, the results obtained from the numerical and field data cases clearly show that the machine-learning scheme effectively performs deblending, trace reconstruction, and low-frequency extrapolation in a simultaneous fashion. It is noteworthy that no discernible difference in prediction errors between extrapolated frequencies and preexisting frequencies is observed. The approach potentially allows seismic data to be acquired in a significantly compressed manner while subsequently recovering data of satisfactory quality.
The formation of the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI): An empirical study
Authors: Ingstad Sandberg Kristin , Andresen Steinar , Gopinathan Unni , Hustad Hembre Berit Sofie 
Published: December 2020

Background:The formation of the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) sheds light on how conditions for global collaboration are created and sustained. This is a multi-stakeholder initiative whose objective is to be a global financing and coordination mechanism that supports the development of vaccines against epidemic infectious disease.Methods:The paper reports from an empirical study that documented and analysed CEPI’s formation from idea in mid-2015 to its formal launch in January 2017, using a qualitative approach and analytical perspectives from international relations and the governance of socio-technical systems to explain decisions and outcomes.Results:The accomplishment of forming CEPI in only 15 months was possible due to a substantial operational capacity among founding partners for groundwork and coordinating parallel processes, multiple individuals in leadership roles as well the flexibility offered by an interim phase. Findings also suggest that key alignments needed to be found between diverging positions on collective action for technology development, revealing the complexity and dynamics of interests among actors. The study further identifies key institutional conditions that interests clustered around, which CEPI needed manage in order to become operational.Conclusions:The study concludes that while successful in developing a new nexus between global public health, vaccine innovation and pandemic response, CEPI was in 2017 still in the process of defining the nature of its authority within that landscape. Finally, the CEPI formation process bears significance for the global coordinated response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020. As features of the CEPI formation represent persistent challenges in global health collaboration, the study offers both a backdrop and lessons learned.
Interaction between the place of residence and wealth on the risk of overweight and obesity in Bangladeshi women
Authors: Ahmad Kabir , Khanam Taslima , Keramat Syed Afroz , Islam Md. Irteja , Kabir Enamul , Khanam Rasheda 
Published: December 2020

BackgroundThe prevalence of overweight and obesity in women has increased significantly over the last few decades in Bangladesh, a rapidly urbanising developing country. However, little is known regarding the association between the interaction of the place of residence and household wealth with overweight and obesity, particularly in women from developing countries.ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to find the association between the interaction of the place of residence and wealth with overweight and obesity among Bangladeshi women.MethodsThis study utilised data from the four Bangladesh Demographic Health Surveys conducted in 2004, 2007, 2011 and 2014 with a total of 54337 women aged 15–49 years. Multivariate logistic regression was used for the analyses.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity among women aged 15–49 years in Bangladesh has considerably increased from 9.96% in 2004 to 24.43% in 2014. The interaction between wealth and place of residence has been found to be associated with obesity. Urban wealthy and richest women were 4.23 (OR: 4.23, 95% CI: 1.25–14.34) and 5.99 (OR: 5.99, 95% CI: 1.91–18.74) times more likely to be obese compared to their rural counterparts in the period 2004. Urban richest were 2.94 times (OR: 2.94, 95% CI: 1.20–7.24) more likely to be obese against their rural counterparts for the survey year 2014.ConclusionsThe place of residence is not associated with obesity, but its interaction with wealth is significant.
Preparing for the interviewing process during Coronavirus disease-19 pandemic: Virtual interviewing experiences of applicants and interviewers, a systematic review
Authors: Chandratre Sonal , Soman Aamod 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has forced upon all academic institutions to conduct virtual interviewing (VI) instead of face-to-face interviewing (FTFI) this interviewing cycle. The purpose of this systematic review was to understand the process of VI, its effectiveness as an alternative to FTFI, and the experiences of applicants and institutions with VI. We also share best practice strategies for applicants and institutions in VI preparation.

Method
PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus and CINAHL databases were searched through May 2020. Articles in English evaluating the effectiveness of VI were included, without applying any date limits. Two reviewers selected articles and extracted data.

Results
Of the 934 articles screened, 22 articles underwent full-text article analysis to include 15 studies. There were 4 studies that reported the use of VI as a screening tool. 11 studies completely replaced FTFI with VI. Most applicants could appropriately convey themselves through VI. Most applicants and interviewing programs expressed reservations about VI’s use as an alternative to FTFI.

Conclusion
There is dearth of evidence supporting the efficacy of VI. There is an opportunity for potential research at multi-institutional level to gain better understanding of the efficacy of VI. The knowledge obtained from this systematic review has the potential of helping applicants and institutions in preparing for VI process. Additionally, authors propose supportive strategies to help prepare applicants and institutions for VI.
Impact of class-level labelling change on prescriptions of antidepressants for adolescents: An interrupted time-series study using a health insurance claims database in Japan, 2005-2013
Authors: Ogino Yumiko , Schmidt Axel Jeremias 
Published: December 2020

Background
In October 2007, the Japanese Health Authority directed that precautions be added to antidepressants (ADs) labelling regarding suicide risk among young people.
This study evaluates the impact of the labelling change on AD prescriptions and Japanese adolescent suicide rates.

Methods
We compared AD prescription rates per 100,000 population as a primary outcome. The intervention group comprised adolescents (10–24 years), while the control group comprised adults (25–64 years). We defined the pre-intervention period as January 2005 to October 2007 and post-intervention as November 2007 to February 2013. Monthly prescription rate data from a commercial claims database were triangulated with annual suicide rates in Japan. We performed segmented regression analysis for the prescription rates, using a quasi-Poisson model, and tested for level and trend changes.

Results
The commercial claims database included 152,686 adolescents and 195,251 adults during the pre-intervention period and 846,367 adolescents and 1,352,453 adults during post-intervention. Post-intervention, the overall AD prescription rates decreased only in adult males (-95.8 prescription per 100,000) but increased in all other groups. The mean annual suicide rate increased in adolescent males (+1.5 suicides per 100,000) but decreased in all other groups. Overall, the upward trend became moderate or inverse in all groups post-intervention but with a large difference between males and females. The suicide rates rose slightly in adolescents but began declining in adults a year post-intervention. In females, changes in level, trend, and suicide rates were very small in both adolescents and adults.

Conclusions
Contrary to expectations, the mean prescription rates only decreased in adult males, but not in adolescents, regardless of gender. Downward level and trend change were clearly observed in adult males but not in adolescents, the original target of the updated warning. There were no clear temporal associations between suicide rates and the labelling change in either group.
Association of PARP1-specific polymorphisms and haplotypes with non-small cell lung cancer subtypes
Authors: Jin Jing , Robeson Heather , Fagan Pebbles , Orloff Mohammed S. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveThe carcinogenesis role ofPARP1in lung cancer is still not clear. Analysis at allelic levels cannot fully explain the function ofPARP1on lung cancer. Our study aims to further explore the relation betweenPARP1haplotypes and lung cancer.Materials and methodsDNA and RNA were extracted from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor and adjacent normal fresh frozen tissue. FivePARP1-SNPs were genotyped andPARP1-specific SNPs were imputed using IMPUTE and SHAPEIT software. The SNPs were subjected to allelic, haplotype and SNP-SNP interaction analyses. Correlation between SNPs and mRNA/protein expressions were performed.ResultsSNP imputation inferred the ungenotyped SNPs and increased the power for association analysis. Tumor tissue samples are more likely to carry rs1805414 (OR = 1.85; 95% CI: 1.12–3.06; P-value: 0.017) and rs1805404 (OR = 2.74; 95%CI 1.19–6.32; P-value: 0.015) compared to normal tissues. Our study is the first study to show that haplotypes comprising of 5 SNPs onPARP1(rs1136410, rs3219073, rs1805414, rs1805404, rs1805415) is able to differentiate the NSCLC tumor from normal tissues. Interaction between rs3219073, rs1805415, and rs1805414 were significantly associated with the NSCLC tumor with OR ranging from 3.61–6.75; 95%CI from 1.82 to 19.9; P-value<0.001.ConclusionPARP1haplotypes may serve as a better predictor in lung cancer development and prognosis compared to single alleles.