bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Native and Non-native Membrane Protein Loops by Using Stabilizing Energetic Terms of Three Popular Force Fields
Authors: Saravanan Konda Mani , Zhang Haiping , Wei Yanjie 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Predicting the three-dimensional structure of globular proteins from their
amino acid sequence has reached a fair accuracy, but predicting the structure of membrane proteins,
especially loop regions, is still a difficult task in structural bioinformatics. The difficulty in predicting
membrane loops is due to various factors like length variation, position, flexibility, and they are
easily prone to mutation.

Objective:
In the present work, we address the problem of identifying and ranking near-native loops
from a set of decoys generated by Monte-Carlo simulations.

Methods:
We systematically analyzed native and generated non-native decoys to develop a scoring
function. The scoring function uses four important stabilizing energy terms from three popular force
fields, such as FOLDX, OPLS, and AMBER, to identify and rank near-native membrane loops.

Results:
The results reveal better discrimination of native and non-natives and perform poor prediction
in binary classifying native and near-native defined based on Root Mean Square Deviation
(RMSD), Global Distance Test (GDT), and Template Modeling (TM) score, respectively.

Conclusions:
From our observations, we conclude that the important energy features described here
may help to improve the loop prediction when the membrane protein database size increases.
Outcomes of the Deployment of the Auto-Visual Acute Flaccid Paralysis Detection and Reporting (AVADAR) System for Strengthening Polio Surveillance in Africa From 2017 to 2018: Evaluation Study
Authors: Ticha Johnson Muluh , Akpan Godwin Ubong , Paige Lara MF , Senouci Kamel , Stein Andrew , Briand Patrick , Tuma Jude , Oyaole Daniel Rasheed , Ngofa Reuben , Maleghemi Sylvester , Touray Kebba , Salihu Abdullahi Ahmed , Diallo Mamadou , Tegegne Sisay Gashu , Bello Isah Mohammed , Idris Umar Kabo , Maduka Omosivie , Manengu Casimir , Shuaib Faisal , Galway Michael , Mkanda Pascal 
Published: August 2020

Background
As we move toward a polio-free world, the challenge for the polio program is to create an unrelenting focus on smaller areas where the virus is still present, where children are being repeatedly missed, where immunity levels are low, and where surveillance is weak.

Objective
This article aimed to describe a possible solution to address weak surveillance systems and document the outcomes of the deployment of the Auto-Visual Acute Flaccid Paralysis Detection and Reporting (AVADAR) project.

Methods
This intervention was implemented in 99 targeted high-risk districts with concerns for silent polio circulation from eight countries in Africa between August 1, 2017, and July 31, 2018. A total of 6954 persons (5390 community informants and 1564 health workers) were trained and equipped with a smartphone on which the AVADAR app was configured to allow community informants to send alerts on suspected acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) and allow health worker to use electronic checklists for investigation of such alerts. The AVADAR and Open Data Kit ONA servers were at the center of the entire process. A dashboard system and coordination teams for monitoring and supervision were put in place at all levels.

Results
Overall, 96.44% (24,142/25,032) of potential AFP case alerts were investigated by surveillance personnel, yielding 1414 true AFP cases. This number (n=1414) reported through AVADAR was higher than the 238 AFP cases expected during the study period in the AVADAR districts and the 491 true AFP cases reported by the traditional surveillance system. A total of 203 out of the 1414 true AFP cases reported were from special population settings, such as refugee camps and insecure areas. There was an improvement in reporting in silent health areas in all the countries using the AVADAR system. Finally, there were 23,473 reports for other diseases, such as measles, diarrhea, and cerebrospinal meningitis, using the AVADAR platform.

Conclusions
This article demonstrates the added value of AVADAR to rapidly improve surveillance sensitivity. AVADAR is capable of supporting countries to improve surveillance sensitivity within a short interval before and beyond polio-free certification.
African American Adolescents and Young Adults, New Media, and Sexual Health: Scoping Review
Authors: Teadt Sierra , Burns Jade C , Montgomery Tiffany M , Darbes Lynae 
Published: August 2020

Background
Rates of sexually transmitted infections and unintended pregnancies are disproportionately high among African American adolescents and young adults (AYA). New media platforms such as social networking sites, microblogs, online video sites, and mobile phone applications may be a promising approach in promoting safe sex and preventing sexually transmitted infections.

Objective
The purpose of this scoping review was to address promising approaches in new media that may serve as valuable tools in health promotion, prevention, education, and intervention development aimed at African American AYA.

Methods
An electronic search was conducted using Google Scholar, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINHAL), and PubMed online databases. Concept blocks and MeSH terminology were used to identify articles around African American youth and new media.

Results
The search yielded 1169 articles, and 16 publications met the criteria. Studies from the review found themes in new media that included feasibility, changing attitudes, and improving knowledge related to sexual health behavior among youth of color.

Conclusions
New media is a promising and feasible platform for improving the sexual health of African American AYA. Further research is suggested to better understand the benefits of new media as a sexual health promotion tool among this specific population.
What Factors Increase the Risk of Complications in SARS-CoV-2–Infected Patients? A Cohort Study in a Nationwide Israeli Health Organization
Authors: Yanover Chen , Mizrahi Barak , Kalkstein Nir , Marcus Karni , Akiva Pinchas , Barer Yael , Shalev Varda , Chodick Gabriel 
Published: August 2020

Background
Reliably identifying patients at increased risk for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) complications could guide clinical decisions, public health policies, and preparedness efforts. Multiple studies have attempted to characterize at-risk patients, using various data sources and methodologies. Most of these studies, however, explored condition-specific patient cohorts (eg, hospitalized patients) or had limited access to patients’ medical history, thus, investigating related questions and, potentially, obtaining biased results.

Objective
This study aimed to identify factors associated with COVID-19 complications from the complete medical records of a nationally representative cohort of patients, with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Methods
We studied a cohort of all SARS-CoV-2–positive individuals, confirmed by polymerase chain reaction testing of either nasopharyngeal or saliva samples, in a nationwide health organization (covering 2.3 million individuals) and identified those who suffered from serious complications (ie, experienced moderate or severe symptoms of COVID-19, admitted to the intensive care unit, or died). We then compared the prevalence of pre-existing conditions, extracted from electronic health records, between complicated and noncomplicated COVID-19 patient cohorts to identify the conditions that significantly increase the risk of disease complications, in various age and sex strata.

Results
Of the 4353 SARS-CoV-2–positive individuals, 173 (4%) patients suffered from COVID-19 complications (all age ≥18 years). Our analysis suggests that cardiovascular and kidney diseases, obesity, and hypertension are significant risk factors for COVID-19 complications. It also indicates that depression (eg, males ≥65 years: odds ratio [OR] 2.94, 95% CI 1.55-5.58; P=.01) as well as cognitive and neurological disorders (eg, individuals ≥65 years old: OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.69-4.17; P<.001) are significant risk factors. Smoking and presence of respiratory diseases do not significantly increase the risk of complications.

Conclusions
Our analysis agrees with previous studies on multiple risk factors, including hypertension and obesity. It also finds depression as well as cognitive and neurological disorders, but not smoking and respiratory diseases, to be significantly associated with COVID-19 complications. Adjusting existing risk definitions following these observations may improve their accuracy and impact the global pandemic containment and recovery efforts.
Impact of a Commercial Artificial Intelligence–Driven Patient Self-Assessment Solution on Waiting Times at General Internal Medicine Outpatient Departments: Retrospective Study
Authors: Harada Yukinori , Shimizu Taro 
Published: August 2020

Background
Patient waiting time at outpatient departments is directly related to patient satisfaction and quality of care, particularly in patients visiting the general internal medicine outpatient departments for the first time. Moreover, reducing wait time from arrival in the clinic to the initiation of an examination is key to reducing patients’ anxiety. The use of automated medical history–taking systems in general internal medicine outpatient departments is a promising strategy to reduce waiting times. Recently, Ubie Inc in Japan developed AI Monshin, an artificial intelligence–based, automated medical history–taking system for general internal medicine outpatient departments.

Objective
We hypothesized that replacing the use of handwritten self-administered questionnaires with the use of AI Monshin would reduce waiting times in general internal medicine outpatient departments. Therefore, we conducted this study to examine whether the use of AI Monshin reduced patient waiting times.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the waiting times of patients visiting the general internal medicine outpatient department at a Japanese community hospital without an appointment from April 2017 to April 2020. AI Monshin was implemented in April 2019. We compared the median waiting time before and after implementation by conducting an interrupted time-series analysis of the median waiting time per month. We also conducted supplementary analyses to explain the main results.

Results
We analyzed 21,615 visits. The median waiting time after AI Monshin implementation (74.4 minutes, IQR 57.1) was not significantly different from that before AI Monshin implementation (74.3 minutes, IQR 63.7) (P=.12). In the interrupted time-series analysis, the underlying linear time trend (–0.4 minutes per month; P=.06; 95% CI –0.9 to 0.02), level change (40.6 minutes; P=.09; 95% CI –5.8 to 87.0), and slope change (–1.1 minutes per month; P=.16; 95% CI –2.7 to 0.4) were not statistically significant. In a supplemental analysis of data from 9054 of 21,615 visits (41.9%), the median examination time after AI Monshin implementation (6.0 minutes, IQR 5.2) was slightly but significantly longer than that before AI Monshin implementation (5.7 minutes, IQR 5.0) (P=.003).

Conclusions
The implementation of an artificial intelligence–based, automated medical history–taking system did not reduce waiting time for patients visiting the general internal medicine outpatient department without an appointment, and there was a slight increase in the examination time after implementation; however, the system may have enhanced the quality of care by supporting the optimization of staff assignments.
ADHERENCE TO ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION TREATMENT GUIDELINES IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN NIGERIA
Authors: IBEZIM ISAAC CHIJIOKE , NAYLOR IAN , ISAH ABDULMUMINU , IGBOELI NNEKA UCHENNA 
Published: August 2020

Objective: This study determined the level of prescribers’ adherence to the World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) guidelines for the management of hypertension at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Nigeria.
Methods: This study employed a retrospective cross-sectional design. Two groups were used: Group A (300 patients) were treated before the guidelines review in 2003, while Group B (200 patients) were treated after. The two study groups were compared, and systolic blood pressure of 130 mm Hg or above was taken as the index of hypertension.
Results: There were 198 (66%) male patients in Group A, while Group B had 136 (68%) males. The highest age for Group A was 50–59 y for 89 (30%) patients, unlike group B that had 58 (29%) patients in aged 40–49 y as the highest. The highest blood pressure range for patients in Group A was 150–159 mm Hg for 64 (21%) patients, unlike Group B that had 43 (22%) patients as the highest in the same range. Furosemide was present in 282 (24%) prescriptions for group A patients. However, atenolol was present in 61 (20%) prescriptions for the same group. In group B, Furosemide was prescribed in 197 (97%) encounters, while Nifedipine was found in 81(40%) prescriptions.
Conclusion: Prescribers at LUTH complied substantially with WHO/ISH guidelines in the management of hypertension. Diuretics and beta-blockers were used before the guideline review. After the review, diuretics and calcium channel blockers were the most frequently prescribed antihypertensives.
SYNTHESIS OF SOME 2,3-DIHYDRO-1,3,4-OXADIAZOLES AND 4,5-DIHYDRO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLES AS ANTICANCER AGENTS
Authors: YAHYA TAWFEEK A. , ABDULLAH JALAL H. 
Published: August 2020

Objective: The main objective of this work was to synthesize and evaluate the novel 2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole and 4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazole derivatives for cytotoxic activities.
Methods: The 2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives 4a-h were synthesized by cyclization of N'-(substituted-benzylidene) isonicotinohydrazide 3a-e in refluxing acetic anhydride. The 2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives 4a-h were converted into the corresponding 4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazoles 5a-h using ammonia. All the synthesized compounds were identified, depending on the physical and spectral data. Title compounds were assessed for their cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell line (MCF-7) by using Sulforhodamine B (SRB) colorimetric assay.
Results: All the synthesized compounds showed characteristic peaks in FTIR, 1HNMR and Mass spectral analysis. The results of the in vitro cytotoxic activity revealed that the compound 4c exhibited equipotent cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 8.04 µM when compared with that of standard drug doxorubicin (IC50= 8.02 µM). The reminder compounds have shown good to moderate cytotoxic activities when compared with that of a reference standard.
Conclusion: We synthesized a series of title compounds in quantitative yields. Most derivatives showed moderate to good cytotoxic activity.
COMBINATION OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA AND PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS FOR HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY IN ETHANOL AND ANTI-TUBERCULAR DRUGS INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS
Authors: ASHOK PURNIMA , P. LAVANYA , K. HEMANTH , K. M. SANDESH , SURANA YUVRAJ SINGH 
Published: August 2020

Objective: To evaluate the synergistic protective effect of Momordica charantia and Phyllanthus amarus combination (MC+PA) of doses 200 and 400 mg/kg on the liver in different experimental models of hepatotoxicity.
Methods: The hepatoprotective activity was evaluated in ethanol and anti-tubercular drugs (isoniazid-INH, rifampicin-RIF) induced hepatotoxicity models. Hepatotoxicity in both models was induced to all groups except the normal control. Intoxicated rats were treated with silymarin and various doses of MC+PA for 8 d in ethanol-induced and 21 d in INH+RIF induced hepatotoxicity models. At the completion of study, the biochemical markers and the anti-oxidant status (SOD and MDA) were measured and also the histopathological evaluation of the liver tissue was carried out.
Results: Combination therapy remarkably reduced the elevated profile of the biochemical markers and thereby improved the anti-oxidant status, thus exhibiting the synergistic hepatoprotective effect when compared with the positive control group (p<0.001). Histopathological evaluation demonstrated that MC+PA decreased the liver damage significantly in comparison with the positive group.
Conclusion: The current work suggests that the combined extract showed synergistic effects on ethanol and anti-tubercular drugs induced hepatotoxicity models by significantly decreasing the liver damage.
CONVALESCENT PLASMA THERAPY: A NOVEL APPROACH TO A NOVEL CORONAVIRUS
Authors: JOSE JOICY , BABU JOHNSON V. , MISHRA BHARAT 
Published: August 2020

Objective: The Corona virus-induced disease-19 (COVID-19) turning to its aggressive phase of spreading, the treatment options where less and several options are trialing and seeking. Convalescent plasma therapy is one of the newest trailing therapy for COVID patients today without other definite treatment. The convalescent plasma (CP) therapy is used previously and identified its benefits in other conditions. But in the case of COVID 19 the effects and safety should be ensured for its implementation.
Methods: Systematically searched in Pub Med and other authentic sources for articles of interest.
Results: This review includes 5 studies, over all 26 patients who treated CP and following progressions and events. All became clinically better and the antibody titer increased in the patients. Not only that the viral load decreased with a reduction in inflammatory markers
Conclusion: These small studies and case series suggest that CP is effective and safety is high for clinical recover and reduction in viral load.
Supporting Mathematics Teachers to Develop Jumping Task Using PISA Framework (JUMPISA)
Authors: Zulkardi Zulkardi , Putri Ratu Ilma Indra 
Published: August 2020

The new revision of Curriculum 2013 stresses mathematics literacy tasks that force students to use their higher-order thinking skills (HOTs) and collaborative learning. In the Lesson study for the learning community, teachers deal with two kinds of problems: easy task or sharing and jumping task. This paper aims to report the process of training or professional development of mathematics teachers in Palembang in developing tasks, both sharing and jumping, using the PISA framework. This research used the development research method. Three main activities during the training are: Introducing what and why PISA items from 2000 – 2018; Developing PISA-items for jumping task; and The formative evaluation to measure teachers’ knowledge after training. Results show that mathematics teachers who follow the training can produce their items, share, and jump, using the PISA framework. To conclude, the task design training program using examples of PISA like can support teachers in developing their task, both sharing and jumping.
Hubungan Komunikasi Efektif dengan Kepuasan Pendonor Darah dalam Pelayanan Seleksi Donor di Unit Transfusi Darah Palang Merah Indonesia Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Astuti Yuli , Artini Dyah 
Published: August 2020

Abstrak
Berdasarkan standar organisasi kesehatan dunia WHO, jumlah kebutuhan minimal darah di Indonesia sekitar 5,1 juta kantong darah per tahun (2% jumlah penduduk Indonesia). Ketersediaan darah tergantung pada donor darah sukarela. Kepuasan pendonor dapat meningkatkan keinginan untuk mendonor kembali. Hal ini dapat didukung oleh adanya komunikasi efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan komunikasi efektif dilihat dari aspek REACH (respect, emphaty, audible, clarify, humble) dengan kepuasan pendonor darah dalam pelayanan seleksi donor di UTD PMI Kota Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan metode accidental sampling. Kuesioner dibagikan kepada 30 responden terpilih yang melakukan donor darah di UTD PMI Kota Yogyakarta. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Somers dan Gamma dengan aplikasi SPSS IBM 23. Hampir seluruh aspek REACH dilaksanakan dengan frekuensi ’kadang-kadang’ atau ’selalu’. Sebagian besar responden merasa cukup puas (50%) dan puas (30%). Ada hubungan antara komunikasi efektif dengan kepuasan pendonor darah yang signifikan secara statistik (p<0,05).
Kata kunci: Komunikasi efektif, kepuasan, donor darah, seleksi donor
Abstract
Based on World Health Organization (WHO) standards, the minimum blood requirement in Indonesia is around 5.1 million blood bags per year (2% of the population of Indonesia). The availability of blood depends on voluntary blood donation. Donor satisfaction can increase the desire to donate again. It could be related to effective communication. This study aimed to determine the correlation of effective communication measured by REACH (respect, empathy, audible, clarify, humble) aspects and the satisfaction of blood donors in donor selection services at UTD PMI Yogyakarta City. This study used a cross-sectional design with accidental sampling method. Questionnaires were distributed to 30 respondents selected who did blood donation at UTD PMI Yogyakarta City. Data collected were analyzed with Somers and Gamma test using the IBM SPSS 23 application. Most of the REACH aspects were conducted frequently. Half of the respondents were quite satisfied and about 30% were fully satisfied. There was significantly correlation between effective communication and blood donors satisfaction (p<0.05).
Keywords: Effective communication, satisfaction, blood donors, donor selection
Suppliers' Product Market Competition, Customer Concentration, and Cost Structure
Authors: Chang Hsihui , Hall Curtis M. , Paz Michael T. 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
We examine how suppliers' product market competition influences the relation between customer concentration and cost structure. Analyzing cost data from a sample of manufacturing firms, we find that suppliers exhibit more rigid cost structure when both product market competition and customer concentration are high. In further analysis, we find that the effect of competition on the relationship between customer concentration and cost structure is isolated to the COGS and COGM. Our results suggest that suppliers trade off the downside risk of having fixed costs that cannot be reassigned with the potential upside benefit of meeting major customer demands.
JEL Classifications: M41; L25.
Biografia como gênero na história das ciências – O caso do físico David Bohm (1917-1992)
Authors: Freire Junior Olival 
Published: August 2020

Neste artigo, analisamos os desafios historiográficos relacionados à produção de biografias no âmbito da História da Ciência. Em especial, discutimos as ideias apresentadas pelo historiador francês Jacques Le Goff (1924-2014) em seu livro São Luís, publicado em 1996. Essa análise, de natureza teórica e metodológica, é cotejada com o esboço panorâmico da biografia do físico norte-americano David Bohm (1917- 1992), recentemente publicada sob o título David Bohm – A Life Dedicated to Understanding the Quantum World. O tema tem relevância também para a história da ciência no Brasil, uma vez que nosso personagem lecionou na Universidade de São Paulo (USP) entre fins de 1951 e início de 1955.