bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronary computed tomography angiography and [15O]H2O positron emission tomography perfusion imaging for the assessment of coronary artery disease
Authors: van Diemen P. A. , Schumacher S. P. , Driessen R. S. , Bom M. J. , Stuijfzand W. J. , Everaars H. , de Winter R. W. , Raijmakers P. G. , van Rossum A. C. , Hirsch A. , Danad I. , Knaapen P. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDetermining the anatomic severity and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) by means of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and its effect on perfusion using myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) form the pillars of the non-invasive imaging assessment of CAD. This review will 1) focus on CCTA and [15O]H2O positron emission tomography MPI as stand-alone imaging modalities and their combined use for detecting CAD, 2) highlight some of the lessons learned from the PACIFIC trial (Comparison of Coronary CT Angiography, SPECT, PET, and Hybrid Imaging for Diagnosis of Ischemic Heart Disease Determined by Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) (NCT01521468)), and 3) discuss the use of [15O]H2O PET MPI in the clinical work-up of patients with a chronic coronary total occlusion (CTO).
Ischaemia with no obstructive coronary arteries
Authors: Konst R. E. , Meeder J. G. , Wittekoek M. E. , Maas A. H. E. M. , Appelman Y. , Piek J. J. , van de Hoef T. P. , Damman P. , Elias-Smale S. E. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIschaemia with no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) is a common ischaemic heart disease with a female preponderance, mostly due to underlying coronary vascular dysfunction comprising coronary microvascular dysfunction and/or epicardial coronary vasospasm. Since standard ischaemia detection tests and coronary angiograms are not suitable to diagnose coronary vascular dysfunction, INOCA is often overlooked in current cardiology practice. Future research, including large outcome trials, is much awaited. Yet, adequate diagnosis is possible and treatment options are available and vital to reduce symptoms and most probably improve cardiovascular prognosis. This review intends to give a brief overview of the clinical presentation, underlying pathophysiology, and the diagnostic and treatment options in patients with suspected INOCA.
New developments in adult congenital heart disease
Authors: Bouma B. J. , Sieswerda G. T. , Post M. C. , Ebels T. , van Kimmenade R. , de Winter R. J. , Mulder B. J. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCongenital heart disease (CHD) affects 0.8% of live births and over the past decades technical improvements and large-scale repair has led to increased survival into adulthood of over 95% of the new-born. A new group of patients, those who survived their congenital heart defect, has emerged but late complications including heart failure, pulmonary hypertension (PH), arrhythmias, aneurysms and endocarditis appeared numerous, with a huge impact on mortality and morbidity. However, innovations over the past years have changed the landscape of adult CHD dramatically. In the diagnostic process important improvements have been made in the use of MRI, biomarkers, e‑health concepts and 3D visualisation of anatomy. Care is now concentrated in specialised centres, with a continuous emphasis on education and the introduction of weekly multidisciplinary consultations on diagnosis and intervention. Surgery and percutaneous intervention have been refined and new concepts applied, further reducing the burden of the congenital malformations. Research has matured from case series to global networks. Currently, adults with CHD are still facing high risks of early mortality and morbidity. By global collaboration and continuous education and development and innovation of our diagnostic and therapeutic arsenal, we will improve the perspectives of these young patients.
The role of coronary angiography in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients in the absence of ST-segment elevation: A literature review
Authors: Spoormans E. M. , Lemkes J. S. , Janssens G. N. , van der Hoeven N. W. , Bonnes J. L. , van Royen N. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOut-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a major cause of death. Although the aetiology of cardiac arrest can be diverse, the most common cause is ischaemic heart disease. Coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention, if indicated, has been associated with improved long-term survival for patients with initial shockable rhythm. However, in patients without ST-segment elevation on the post-resuscitation electrocardiogram, the optimal timing of performing this invasive procedure is uncertain. One important challenge that clinicians face is to appropriately select patients that will benefit from immediate coronary angiography, yet avoid unnecessary delay of intensive care support and targeted temperature management. Observational studies have reported contradictory results and until recently, randomised trials were lacking. The Coronary Angiography after Cardiac Arrest without ST-segment elevation (COACT) was the first randomised trial that provided comparative information between coronary angiography treatment strategies. This literature review will provide the current knowledge and gaps in the literature regarding optimal care for patients successfully resuscitated from OHCA in the absence of ST-segment elevation and will primarily focus on the role and timing of coronary angiography in this high-risk patient population.
Paradigm shifts in pathophysiology and management of atrial fibrillation—a tale of the RACE trials in the Netherlands
Authors: Crijns H. J. G. M. , Van Gelder I. C. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn the past 20 years the Netherlands-based RACE trials have investigated important concepts in clinical atrial fibrillation (AF). Their scope ranged from rhythm versus rate control to early or delayed cardioversion and also included early comprehensive management of AF in two trials, one focusing on early ‘upstream therapy’ and risk factor management and the other on integrated chronic nurse-led care. Studies were mostly triggered by simple clinical observations including futility of electrical cardioversion in persistent AF; many patients with permanent AF tolerating day-after-day ‘uncontrolled’ resting heart rates of up till 110 beats/min; patients being threatened more by vascular risks than AF itself; and insufficient guideline-based treatments for AF. Also the observation that recent-onset atrial fibrillation generally converts spontaneously, obviating cardioversion, triggered one of the studies. The RACE trials shifted a number of paradigms and by that could change the AF guidelines. The initial ‘shock-and-forget’ attitude made place for increased attention for anticoagulation, and in turn, broader vascular risks were recognised. In a nutshell, the adage eventually became: ‘look beyond the ECG, treat the patient’.
An ontology enabled internet of things framework in intelligent agriculture for preventing post-harvest losses
Authors: Sanjeevi P. , Siva Kumar B. , Prasanna S. , Maruthupandi J. , Manikandan R. , Baseera A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractConstituting the agriculture solid substance manufacture, the post-harvest sector processing schema is direct to preventing reduce the losses in intelligent agriculture. Many processing schemata will be preventing post-harvest losses on the agriculture solid substance manufacture, especially sekai-ichi apple is the regularly used fruit also used to make active in human-related activities of the sensory and control function consisting of an agricultural industry. Sekai-ichi apple is being a definite number of diseases induce, but it is to the highest degree of wastage involving in the Post-Harvest process. Especially sekai-ichi apple count loss is an unsafe many time because it not critically post-harvest. Regardless of consideration, the existing hierarchical model specified post-harvest losses prevention research has deficiencies to precise and quick detection of wastage for ensuring healthy separation of agriculture surroundings. This paper suggests a “Hierarchical Model within Ontology Enabled IoT” for distinguishable healthy separation of sekai-ichi apple by using Boosted Continuous Non-spatial whole Attribute Extraction (BCNAE). Sekai-ichi apple count loss is always safe on critically post-harvest. Proposed Post-Harvest hierarchical model specified post-harvest losses prevention and deficiencies to precise and quick detection of wastage for ensuring healthy separation of agriculture surroundings. In these suggestions, the separation cognitive operation takes the three levels of processing schemes such as lower level, middle level, and higher level. Firstly, the lower level is express agreements with the dynamic functioning for maintaining the definite number of manual induces. This lower level showing an absorption with the activity of manual separation by the human reliability determination. Secondly, the middle level is an express arrangement with the dynamic functioning for reducing the overfitting and accommodate to fitting the right shape deliberation. Middle level is establishing being generalized by concentrating the time-varying features in the occurrence of a change for the worse identification. Finally, the upper level is express for features refining with the help of the function of sekai-ichi apple image segmentation connection. This interpretability process helps to make the proven position of a prominent classification in a particular fruit on the agriculture solid substance. These three processing flow constructs the ontology structure with manually collected sekai-ichi apple images from a 3D sensor. The observational consequences express that the proposed BCNAE framework recognizes a detection performance carrying out with an optimized—separation ratio for time-variant of the separation process.
“Show Me the Crowds!” Revealing Cluster Structures Through AMTICS
Authors: Richter Florian , Lu Yifeng , Kazempour Daniyal , Seidl Thomas 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOPTICS is a popular tool to analyze the clustering structure of a dataset visually. The created two-dimensional plots indicate very dense areas and cluster candidates in the data as troughs. Each horizontal slice represents an outcome of a density-based clustering specified by the height as the density threshold for clusters. However, in very dynamic and rapidly changing applications, a complex and finely detailed visualization slows down the knowledge discovery. Instead, a framework that provides fast but coarse insights is required to point out structures in the data quickly. The user can then control the direction he wants to put emphasize on for refinement. We develop AMTICS as a novel and efficient divide-and-conquer approach to pre-cluster data in distributed instances and align the results in a hierarchy afterward. An interactive online phase ensures a low complexity while giving the user full control over the partial cluster instances. The offline phase reveals the current data clustering structure with low complexity and at any time.
The More We Tinder: Subjects, Selves and Society
Authors: Degen Johanna , Kleeberg-Niepage Andrea 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMobile online dating is currently a widespread and important phenomenon in many peoples’ daily lives. Digital applications like Tinder enable users to get in contact with numerous possible partners quickly and with minimal effort often basing their decision on pictures. Research related to mobile online dating so far has focused mostly on users’ specific traits or on their motives to use such applications. But which role does mobile online dating play in peoples’ lives? What does it mean to them? Which desires, emotions and expectations are involved? How does the use of the application influence peoples’ daily activities and how do they relate to this impact? To answer these questions, we (a) reconstructed the architecture of Tinder to understand the characteristics of its functions for the way it is used and the respective consequences, (b) replicated the Tinder Motives Scale (Timmermans & De Caluwe, Comput. Hum. Behav., 70, S. 341–350, 2017)—extended by social and demographic variables and (c) analyzed qualitative interviews with Tinder users about their experiences, their usage and its impact on emotions, thoughts and behaviour. In this article, we show the complexity of mobile online dating beyond presumptions and stereotypes and reveal its inherent economic logic (Weigel, 2018) and acceleration dynamics (Rosa, 2013). Furthermore, we reference people’s narrations and rationalizations to a specific discourse of the self which shapes subjects’ private concept of the self in a particular—liberal and economic—logic (Gergen, 1991, Rose, 1989) and reflect on the subjects’ scopes for action and meaning making.
On-chip pressure measurements and channel deformation after oil absorption
Authors: Hunter Liam , Gala de Pablo Julia , Stammers Ashley C. , Thomson Neil H. , Evans Stephen D. , Shim Jung-uk 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMicrofluidic channels moulded from the soft polymer poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) are widely used as a platform for mimicking biological environments, and can be used for the simulation of fluid filled structures such as blood and lung vessels. The control of pressure and flow rate within these structures is vital to mimic physiological conditions. The flexibility of PDMS leads to pressure-induced deformation under flow, leading to variable flow profiles along a device. Here, we investigate the change in Young’s modulus of microfluidic channels due to infiltration of mineral oil, a PDMS permeable fluid, and how this affects the resulting pressure profile using a novel pressure measurement method. We found a 53% decrease in Young’s modulus of PDMS due to mineral oil absorption over the course of 3 h accounted for lower internal pressure and larger channel deformation compared to fresh PDMS at a given flow rate. Confocal fluorescence microscopy used to image channel profiles before and after the introduction of mineral oil showed a change in pressure-induced deformation after infiltration of the oil. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanoindentation was used to measure Young’s modulus of PDMS before ($$2.80 \pm 0.03$$

2.80
±
0.03

MPa) and after ($$1.32 \pm 0.04$$

1.32
±
0.04

MPa) mineral oil absorption. Raman spectroscopy showed the infiltration of mineral oil into PDMS from channel walls and revealed the diffusion coefficient of mineral oil in PDMS.
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis detection and referral trends: impact treatment options
Authors: Anthony Alison , Zeller Reinhard , Evans Cathy , Dermott Jennifer A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Study design
Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Objective
To analyze the patient demographic referred for scoliosis to the Hospital for Sick Children to determine the proportion of patients suitable for brace treatment, as per the Scoliosis Research Society guidelines.

Summary of background data
There is level 1 evidence that bracing in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) decreases the risk of curve progression and need for surgery, but optimal brace treatment requires early curve detection.

Methods
We performed a retrospective review of 618 consecutive patients who underwent initial assessment in our Spine Clinic between Jan. 1 and Dec. 31, 2014. We included children 10–18 years, with scoliosis greater than 10°, excluding those diagnosed with non-idiopathic curves. Primary outcomes were Cobb angle, menarchal status, and Risser score. We analyzed the effect of specific referral variables (family history, the person who first noticed the curve, and geographic location of residence) on presenting curve magnitude.

Results
During the study period, 335 children met the inclusion criteria, with an average age of 14.1 ± 1.8 years and a mean Cobb angle of 36.8 ± 14.5°. Brace treatment was indicated in 17% of patients; 18% had curves beyond optimal curve range for bracing (> 40°), and 55% were skeletally mature, therefore not brace candidates. The majority of curves (54%) were first detected by the patient or family member and averaged 7° more than curves first detected by a physician. A family history of scoliosis made no difference to curve magnitude, nor did geographic location of residence.

Conclusion
The majority of AIS patients present too late for effective management with bracing.

Level of evidence
III.
The Impact of Socio-environmental Barriers on the Process of Engagement in Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs
Authors: Jahandideh Sepideh , Kendall Elizabeth , Low-Choy Samantha , Donald Kenneth , Jayasinghe Rohan , Barzegari Ebrahim 
Published: August 2020

AbstractCardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a multi-disciplinary intervention designed to stabilise, slow, or reverse CVD, restore health following a cardiac event and facilitate the prevention of further events. The Model of Therapeutic Engagement (MTE) is a comprehensive conceptual model for explaining the process of engagement in rehabilitation. Of concern is that the role of socio-environmental factors is absent from explaining individual engagement in the MTE. There is also a lack of prospective studies investigating the impact of socio-environmental barriers on engagement in CR programs over time. This study aimed to expand the MTE, by illuminating the role of socio-environmental barriers in a three-stage process of engagement in CR programs. A prospective study was conducted, with 217 individuals recruited from the Cardiology Ward in the Gold Coast University Hospital (GCUH) and the Robina Cardiac Rehabilitation Centre. The collected data were examined using a structural equation model that added socio-environmental factors into the MTE, using multi-group analyses. In this study, we found that socio-environmental factors were not associated with intention to engage in the CR program, but were related to actual attendance and maintenance of participation in CR programs. Knowing how these socio-environmental barriers affect the process of engagement at different stages may help to tailor more accessible CR programs for the population.
Simple nudges that are not so easy
Authors: DE RIDDER DENISE , FEITSMA JORAM , VAN DEN HOVEN MARIËTTE , KROESE FLOOR , SCHILLEMANS THOMAS , VERWEIJ MARCEL , VENEMA TINA , VUGTS ANASTASIA , DE VET EMELY 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we critically review three assumptions that govern the debate on the legitimacy of nudging interventions as a policy instrument: (1) nudges may violate autonomous decision-making; (2) nudges lend themselves to easy implementation in public policy; and (3) nudges are a simple and effective mean for steering individual choice in the right direction. Our analysis reveals that none of these assumptions are supported by recent studies entailing unique insights into nudging from three disciplinary outlooks: ethics, public administration and psychology. We find that nudges are less of a threat to autonomous choice than critics sometimes claim, making them ethically more legitimate than often assumed. Nonetheless, because their effectiveness is critically dependent on boundary conditions, their implementation is far from easy. The findings of this analysis thus suggest new opportunities for identifying when and for whom nudge interventions are preferable to more conventional public policy arrangements.
Select document: A settlement between the canons of St Thomas's Abbey, Dublin, and Walter de Lacy concerning the church of Ardmulchan granted to the canons by Theobald Walter
Authors: Flanagan Marie Therese 
Published: August 2020

AbstractA hitherto unpublished text of a negotiated settlement between Walter de Lacy, lord of Meath (d. 1241), and the canons of St Thomas's Abbey, Dublin, relating to the church of Ardmulchan in County Meath sheds new light both on the career of Theobald Walter I (d. 1205), ancestor of the Butler earls of Ormond, and on the dealings of John, son of King Henry II of England, with his Irish lordship during the period 1185–99 for which sources are scarce. It indicates that not only in Leinster, but also in Meath, John encroached on the seigneurial rights of Anglo-Norman landholders.
‘The first of the small nations’: the significance of central European small states in Irish nationalist political rhetoric, 1918–22
Authors: Zách Lili 
Published: August 2020

AbstractOffering new insights into Irish links with the wider world, this article explores and contextualises Irish nationalist perceptions of and links with central European small states in the immediate aftermath of the First World War. The belief that any small nation like Ireland, oppressed by a dominant neighbour, had the right to self-determination was of key importance in nationalist political rhetoric during the revolutionary years. Given the similarity of circumstances among newly independent small states, Irish commentators were aware of the struggles Ireland shared with the successors of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Personal encounters on the continent, as well as news regarding small nations in central Europe, shaped Irish opinions of the region. Certainly, the images presented by Irish commentators reflected their own political agendas and were therefore often deliberately idealistic. Nonetheless, they served a specific purpose as they were meant to further Ireland's interest on the international stage. Looking beyond Ireland for lessons and examples to follow became a frequent part of Irish nationalist political rhetoric. By directing scholarly attention to a hitherto less explored aspect of Irish historiography, this article aims to highlight the complexity of Ireland's connection with the continent within the framework of small nations, from a transnational perspective.
Addressing the Irish world: Éamon de Valera's ‘Cuban policy’ as a global case study
Authors: Gannon Darragh 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWriting inNationalist revolutionaries in Ireland, 1858–1928, Tom Garvin observed that ‘well over 40 per cent, perhaps 50 per cent, had lived outside Ireland for considerable periods … foreign experience was very important in the development of the leaders’. The impact of ‘foreign experience’ on leading nationalist revolutionaries, this article submits,paceGarvin, could have proved influential in the development of the Irish Revolution more widely. Between June 1919 and December 1920, Éamon de Valera toured the United States. From New York City to Salt Lake City, Alabama to Montana, the self-proclaimed president of the Irish republic addressed ‘Ireland’ in hundreds of interviews and speeches. Of these myriad public statements, his Cuban missive, notably, crossed national boundaries. Comparing Ireland's geo-strategic relationship with Great Britain to that of Cuba and the United States, de Valera's argument for an independent Irish republic was made in the Americas. How did de Valera's movement across the U.S. alter his political views of Ireland? How were presentations of de Valera's ‘Cuban policy’ mediated across the ‘Irish world’? How did discourse on the Monroe Doctrine inform Anglo-Irish negotiations between Truce and Treaty? Exploring de Valera's ‘Cuban policy’ as global case study, this article concludes, ultimately, can shift the historiographical significance of ‘foreign experience’ from nationalist revolutionaries in Ireland to the flows and circulation of transnational revolution.