bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On‐Resin Preparation of Allenamidyl Peptides: A Versatile Chemoselective Conjugation and Intramolecular Cyclisation Tool
Authors: Cameron Alan J. , Harris Paul W. R. , Brimble Margaret A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe ability to modify peptides and proteins chemoselectively is of continued interest in medicinal chemistry, with peptide conjugation, lipidation, stapling, and disulfide engineering at the forefront of modern peptide chemistry. Herein we report a robust method for the on‐resin preparation of allenamide‐modified peptides, an unexplored functionality for peptides that provides a versatile chemical tool for chemoselective inter‐ or intramolecular bridging reactions with thiols. The bridging reaction is biocompatible, occurring spontaneously at pH 7.4 in catalyst‐free aqueous media. By this “click” approach, a model peptide was successfully modified with a diverse range of alkyl and aryl thiols. Furthermore, this technique was demonstrated as a valuable tool to induce spontaneous intramolecular cyclisation by preparation of an oxytocin analogue, in which the native disulfide bridge was replaced with a vinyl sulfide moiety formed by thia‐Michael addition of a cysteine thiol to the allenamide handle.
Tillandsia‐Inspired Hygroscopic Photothermal Organogels for Efficient Atmospheric Water Harvesting
Authors: Ni Feng , Qiu Nianxiang , Xiao Peng , Zhang Chang , Jian Yukun , Liang Yun , Xie Weiping , Yan Luke , Chen Tao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTillandsia species with degenerated roots have evolved into hygroscopic leaves that absorb moisture from air. This interesting biological adaptability has inspired us to develop an integrated hygroscopic photothermal organogel (POG) to achieve a solar‐powered atmospheric water harvesting (AWH). The well‐designed hydrophilic co‐polymeric skeleton is fabricated to accommodate hygroscopic glycerin medium, which enables the POG self‐contained property, mechanically flexibility and synergistic enhancement of moisture sorption. The integration of interpenetrated photothermal component of poly‐pyrrole‐dopamine (P‐Py‐DA) can endow the POG an efficient solar‐to‐thermal property for controllable solar‐driven interfacial water releasing. The integrated POG has an equilibrium moisture sorption of 16.01 kg m−2 at the RH of 90 %, and daily water production as high as 2.43 kg m−2 day−1 is achieved in actual outdoor experiments.
On‐Demand Synthesis of H2O2 by Water Oxidation for Sustainable Resource Production and Organic Pollutant Degradation
Authors: Li Lejing , Hu Zhuofeng , Yu Jimmy C. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractH2O2 is a versatile and environmentally friendly chemical involved in water treatment, such as advanced oxidation processes. Anthraquinone oxidation is widely used for large‐scale production of H2O2, which requires significant energy input and periodic replacement of the carrier molecule. H2O2 production should be customized considering the specific usage scenario. Electrochemical synthesis of H2O2 can be adopted as alternatives to traditional method, which avoids concentration, transportation, and storage processes. Herein, we identified Bi2WO6:Mo as a low‐cost and high‐selectivity choice from a series of Bi‐based oxides for H2O2 generation via two‐electron water oxidation reaction. It can continuously provide H2O2 for in situ degradation of persistent pollutants in aqueous solution. Clean energy from H2 can also be produced at the cathode. This kind of water splitting producing sustainable resources of H2O2 and H2 is an advance in environmental treatment and energy science.
Keeping them honest: Promises reduce cheating in adolescents
Authors: Kanngiesser Patricia , Sunderarajan Jahnavi , Woike Jan K. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPeople frequently engage in dishonest behavior at a cost to others, and it is therefore beneficial to study interventions promoting honest behavior. We implemented a novel intervention that gave participants a choice to promise to be truthful or not to promise. To measure cheating behavior, we developed a novel variant of the mind game—the dice‐box game—as well as a child‐friendly sender–receiver game. Across three studies with adolescents aged 10 to 14 years (N = 640) from schools in India, we found that promises systematically lowered cheating rates compared with no‐promise control conditions. Adolescents who sent truthful messages in the sender–receiver game cheated less in the dice‐box game and promises reduced cheating in both tasks (Study 1). Promises in the dice‐box game remained effective when negative externalities (Study 2) or incentives for competition (Study 3) were added. A joint analysis of data from all three studies revealed demographic variables that influenced cheating. Our findings confirm that promises have a strong, binding effect on behavior and can be an effective intervention to reduce cheating.
Drug sensitivity prediction with normal inverse Gaussian shrinkage informed by external data
Authors: Münch Magnus M. , van de Wiel Mark A. , Richardson Sylvia , Leday Gwenaël G. R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn precision medicine, a common problem is drug sensitivity prediction from cancer tissue cell lines. These types of problems entail modelling multivariate drug responses on high‐dimensional molecular feature sets in typically >1000 cell lines. The dimensions of the problem require specialised models and estimation methods. In addition, external information on both the drugs and the features is often available. We propose to model the drug responses through a linear regression with shrinkage enforced through a normal inverse Gaussian prior. We let the prior depend on the external information, and estimate the model and external information dependence in an empirical‐variational Bayes framework. We demonstrate the usefulness of this model in both a simulated setting and in the publicly available Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer data.
Combining model structure identification and hybrid modelling for photo‐production process predictive simulation and optimisation
Authors: Zhang Dongda , Savage Thomas R. , Cho Bovinille A. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIntegrating physical knowledge and machine learning is a critical aspect of developing industrially focused digital twins for monitoring, optimisation, and design of microalgal and cyanobacterial photo‐production processes. However, identifying the correct model structure to quantify the complex biological mechanism poses a severe challenge for the construction of kinetic models, while the lack of data due to the time‐consuming experiments greatly impedes applications of most data‐driven models. This study proposes the use of an innovative hybrid modelling approach that consists of a simple kinetic model to govern the overall process dynamic trajectory and a data‐driven model to estimate mismatch between the kinetic equations and the real process. An advanced automatic model structure identification strategy is adopted to simultaneously identify the most physically probable kinetic model structure and minimum number of data‐driven model parameters that can accurately represent multiple data sets over a broad spectrum of process operating conditions. Through this hybrid modelling and automatic structure identification framework, a highly accurate mathematical model was constructed to simulate and optimise an algal lutein production process. Performance of this hybrid model for long‐term predictive modelling, optimisation, and online self‐calibration is demonstrated and thoroughly discussed, indicating its significant potential for future industrial application.
Is corporate environmental responsibility synergistic with governmental environmental responsibility? Evidence from China
Authors: Chen Xiaohong , Zhang Jiefu , Zeng Huixiang 
Published: July 2020

AbstractLocal governments and enterprises are two important actors in China's environmental governance system. A better understanding of the interaction between corporate environmental responsibility (CER) and governmental environmental responsibility (GER) will help to enhance the collaboration between corporations and the government, craft a good environmental governance system, and achieve coordinated development of economic development and environmental protection. This paper divides GER into three types: policymaking responsibility, implementation responsibility, and supervisory responsibility. Based on panel data on Chinese manufacturing companies listed during the period 2012–2017, this paper analyzes the relationship between GER and CER and explores the impact of the collaboration between the two on regional environmental pollution. The research results show the following: (1) in China, policymaking responsibility significantly promotes CER, whereas implementation responsibility has a significant negative impact on CER, and supervisory responsibility has no significant influence. (2) The collaboration between GER and CER effectively reduces solid waste discharge in a region but does not significantly reduce SO2 emissions or wastewater discharge.
Alternative grading practices: An entry point for faculty in competency‐based education
Authors: Townsley Matt , Schmid David 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDue to a lack of buy‐in from multiple stakeholder groups, institutions of higher learning may struggle to reorient their entire course and program offerings to embrace the full breadth of competency‐based education. One such way of overcoming these systematic issues to make incremental progress toward competency‐based education is to consider practices such as grading that single professors can implement without the need of full institutional support. Few college instructors are likely to have received any formal grading training. As such, they may rely on institutional norms and their personal experiences as students. In response to historical grading challenges in higher education, some faculty members have adopted models working against the status quo such as mastery grading, specifications grading, and standards‐based grading, which all promote students demonstrating their learning on criterion‐referenced tests in a more flexible time frame. The purpose of this paper is to describe alternative forms of grading as an entry point for faculty incrementally progressing toward competency‐based education axioms in higher education. The authors recommend a multiple‐step course design framework and areas for future research.
Hydrate Dissociation Using Microwaves, Radio Frequency, Ultrasonic Radiation, and Plasma Techniques
Authors: Khan Shadman H. , Misra Ashwani K. , Majumder Chandrajit B. , Arora Amit 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, a comprehensive review of technologies employing radiation sources such as microwave, ultrasonic, and radio frequency (RF) on gas hydrates is presented. The characterizing parameters of radiation, such as frequency, wavelength, and power are highlighted for the compiled studies. In addition, characterizing parameters like hydrate dissociation rate, irradiated microwave power, complete dissociation time, reaction paths and mechanisms, differential pressure and temperature of gas hydrates during the experiments are also reported. Moreover, the work also describes the basic concept behind the working of the different wave forms such as microwaves, ultrasonic, RF wave and plasma for hydrate dissociation.
Occurrence of acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary thromboembolism, and cerebrovascular event in COVID‐19
Authors: Jenab Yaser , Rezaei Nima , Hedayat Behnam , Naderian Mohammadreza , Shirani Shapour , Hosseini Kaveh 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCOVID‐19 causes significant hypoxia along with an exacerbated inflammatory milieu, which may be a trigger for atherosclerotic plaque rupture and/or thromboembolic events. Herein, we presented a case of COVID‐19 presented with acute coronary syndrome followed by pulmonary thromboembolism and cerebrovascular accident.
Recyclable Heterogeneous Radical Generators Toward In‐Flow Polymer Elaboration System
Authors: Ji Yue , Oka Minami , Honda Satoshi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractRadical reaction is one of the most common industrial reactions for the production of materials used in a wide variety of applications. Despite its long history, a methodology enabling efficient radical reactions with safe and easy handling still remains a challenge. Here, we describe the synthesis of crosslinked copolymers containing 2,4,5‐triphenylimidazoles (lophines) and hexaarylbiimidazoles (HABIs) (CCs) and fabrication of silica‐supported CCs (s‐CCs). Both of lophines and HABIs in these materials generated 2,4,5‐triphenylimidazolyl radicals (TPIRs) upon oxidation and photoirradiation, respectively, and thus they act as heterogeneous radical generators (HRGs). Moreover, lophine and TPIR were interconvertible via oxidation and hydrogen atom transfer reaction, enabling marked recyclability of these materials. We have further packed s‐CCs in columns and realized in‐flow disulfide synthesis and radical polymerization.
Simplified Instrument Calibration for Wide‐Field Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) Measured by the Sensitized Emission Method
Authors: Menaesse Audrey , Sumetsky Daniel , Emanuely Nicolas , Stein Jeremy L. , Gates Evan M. , Hoffman Brenton D. , Boustany Nada N. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractFӧrster (or fluorescence) resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a quantifiable energy transfer in which a donor fluorophore nonradiatively transfers its excitation energy to an acceptor fluorophore. A change in FRET efficiency indicates a change of proximity and environment of these fluorophores, which enables the study of intermolecular interactions. Measurement of FRET efficiency using the sensitized emission method requires a donor–acceptor calibrated system. One of these calibration factors named the G factor, which depends on instrument parameters related to the donor and acceptor measurement channels and on the fluorophores quantum efficiencies, can be determined in several different ways and allows for conversion of the raw donor and acceptor emission signals to FRET efficiency. However, the calculated value of the G factor from experimental data can fluctuate significantly depending on the chosen experimental method and the size of the sample. In this technical note, we extend the results of Gates et al. (Cytometry Part A 95A (2018) 201–213) by refining the calibration method used for calibration of FRET from image pixel data. Instead of using the pixel histograms of two constructs with high and low FRET efficiency to determine the G factor, we use pixel histogram data from one construct of known efficiency. We validate this method by determining the G factor with the same constructs developed and used by Gates et al. and comparing the results from the two approaches. While the two approaches are equivalent theoretically, we demonstrate that the use of a single construct with known efficiency provides a more precise experimental measurement of the G factor that can be attained by collecting a smaller number of images. © 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
The association of adverse life events with children's emotional overeating and restrained eating in a population‐based cohort
Authors: Thomas Robin , Siliquini Roberta , Hillegers Manon H. , Jansen Pauline W. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveLife adversities are recognized risk factors for eating disorders, in adolescents and adults, but whether such adversities are also associated with particular eating behaviors earlier in life is still unclear. Our aim was to assess whether experiencing adverse life events in early childhood is associated with emotional overeating and restrained eating at age 10.MethodsEmotional overeating and restrained eating were assessed in 4,653 10‐years‐old children using the mother‐reported Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire and Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Mothers also reported on 24 different life events during childhood, those with moderate or severe impact being categorized as adverse life events. Regression analyses were performed to investigate relationships between adverse life events and eating behaviors in the total sample.ResultsAdjusted for covariates, adverse life events were associated with more emotional overeating and restrained eating in children (p‐values for trend <.01). Specifically, mothers who reported that their child experienced 3+ adverse life events, also reported significantly higher emotional overeating (B = 0.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.06–0.33) and restrained eating (B = 0.21; 95% CI, 0.08–0.33) in their children relative to children who did not experience adverse life events. These results did not differ by sex.DiscussionOur results based on mother‐reported data suggest that children's experiences of life adversities are associated with emotional overeating and restrained eating at age 10 years. We recommend future prospective studies using multi‐informant assessments of both adverse life events and eating behaviors to further describe the nature and developmental course of this relationship.
A comprehensive individual patient data meta‐analysis of the effects of cardiac contractility modulation on functional capacity and heart failure‐related quality of life
Authors: Giallauria Francesco , Cuomo Gianluigi , Parlato Alessandro , Raval Nirav Y. , Kuschyk Jürgen , Stewart Coats Andrew JS 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsCardiac contractility modulation, also referred to as CCM™, has emerged as a promising device treatment for heart failure (HF) in patients not indicated for cardiac resynchronization therapy. We performed a comprehensive individual patient data meta‐analysis of all non‐confounded prospective randomized controlled trials of CCM vs. control that have measured functional capacity and/or quality of life questionnaires in patients with HF.Methods and resultsThe Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were searched in January 2020 to identify eligible randomized controlled trials. We also asked the sole manufacturer of the device for their list of known trials. Primary outcomes of interest were peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2), 6 min walk test distance, and quality of life measured by Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLWHFQ), and all data were received as individual patient and individual time point data‐points. Mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for continuous data using a fixed‐effects model. Five trials were identified, four randomized studies enrolling 801 participants for all endpoints of interest, and for peak VO2 alone (n = 60), there was an additional single arm non‐randomized trial (FIX‐HF‐5C2) with a prospective comparison of its 24 week peak VO2 data compared with the control group of the FIX‐HF‐5C control patients. Pooled analysis showed that, compared with control, CCM significantly improved peak VO2 (mean difference +0.93, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.30 mL/kg/min, P < 0.00001), 6 min walk test distance (mean difference +17.97, 95% CI 5.48 to 30.46 m, P = 0.005), and quality of life measured by MLWHFQ (mean difference −7.85, 95% CI −10.76 to −4.94, P < 0.00001). As a sensitivity analysis, we excluded the FIX‐HF‐5C2 trial (only relevant for peak VO2), and the result was similar, mean difference +0.65, 95% CI 0.21 to 1.08 mL/kg/min, P = 0.004.ConclusionsThis comprehensive meta‐analysis of individual patient data from all known randomized trials has shown that CCM provides statistically significant and clinically meaningful benefits in measures of functional capacity and HF‐related quality of life.
The impact of pharmacist/physician care on quality of life in elderly heart failure patients: results of the PHARM‐CHF randomized controlled trial
Authors: Schulz Martin , Griese‐Mammen Nina , Schumacher Pia M. , Anker Stefan D. , Koehler Friedrich , Ruckes Christian , Rettig‐Ewen Volker , Wachter Rolf , Trenk Dietmar , Böhm Michael , Laufs Ulrich 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsPatients with heart failure (HF) have impaired quality of life (QoL). The randomized controlled trial PHARM‐CHF investigated whether an interdisciplinary intervention consisting of regular contacts with the community pharmacy and weekly dosing aids improves medication adherence in patients with HF. It is unknown how an intervention involving frequent structured pharmacy visits affects QoL. Our aim was to explore adherence to the intervention and effects on QoL.Methods and resultsAmong 237 patients, n = 110 were randomized to pharmacy care and n = 127 to usual care. The pharmacy care group received a medication review followed by (bi‐)weekly dose dispensing and counselling. The median follow‐up was 2.0 years [inter‐quartile range (IQR) 1.2–2.7]. Median interval between pharmacy visits was 8.4 days (IQR 8.0–10.3) and the visits lasted in median 14 min (IQR 10–15). Median adherence to the intervention was 96% (IQR 84–100). QoL at 365 days was predefined as a main secondary and at 730 days as another secondary endpoint in PHARM‐CHF. QoL was measured by the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire; and for 111 patients (n = 47 in the pharmacy care group and n = 64 in the usual care group), data were available at baseline, and after 365 and 730 days (mean age 74 years; 41% female). Improvement in QoL was numerically higher in the pharmacy care group after 365 days and was significantly better after 730 days (difference in total scores −7.7 points [−14.5 to −1.0]; P = 0.026) compared to the usual care group. In all subgroups examined, this treatment effect was preserved. Improvements in the physical and emotional dimensions were numerically higher in the pharmacy care group after 365 days and were significantly better after 730 days: −4.0 points [−6.9 to −1.2]; P = 0.006, and −1.9 points [−3.7 to −0.1]; P = 0.039, respectively.ConclusionsA pharmacy‐based interdisciplinary intervention was well received by the patients and suggests clinically important improvements in QoL.
Antifungal, antitoxigenic, and antioxidant activities of the essential oil from laurel (Laurus nobilis L.): Potential use as wheat preservative
Authors: Belasli Azem , Ben Miri Yamina , Aboudaou Malek , Aït Ouahioune Lidia , Montañes Luis , Ariño Agustín , Djenane Djamel 
Published: July 2020

AbstractEssential oils (EOs) are widely used in the food industry as natural food preservatives to extend product shelf life and as flavoring agents. The aim of this work was to study the chemical profile of the EO from laurel (Laurus nobilis) and its antifungal, antitoxigenic, and antioxidant activities. The extractive yield of the EO from Algerian laurel was 1.13% being 1,8‐cineole the most dominant compound (35.5%) by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. The values of minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) against Aspergillus flavus were 1.75 and 2 mg/ml, respectively. The production of aflatoxin B1 was inhibited by EO concentrations between 0.25 mg/ml (15% decrease) and 1.50 mg/ml (86% decrease), and it was totally inhibited at the MFC value. The EO showed a wide antifungal spectrum against other species in a dose‐dependent manner. In a food‐model study, the L. nobilis EO showed remarkable efficacy in fumigated wheat grains, providing from 51.5% to 76.7% protection against A. flavus during 6‐month storage. The L. nobilis EO showed good free radical scavenging activity by DPPH assay (IC50 value of 602 μg/ml) and moderate antioxidant activity in the β‐carotene bleaching assay (46% inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation). The conclusions of this study justify future research for the application of EO from laurel as a natural preservative to improve food safety and extend shelf life by controlling spoilage and toxigenic molds as well as oxidative damage.