bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controls of the transient climate response to emissions by physical feedbacks, heat uptake and carbon cycling
Authors: Williams Richard G , Ceppi Paulo , Katavouta Anna 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The surface warming response to carbon emissions is diagnosed using a suite of Earth system models, 9 CMIP6 and 7 CMIP5, following an annual 1% rise in atmospheric CO2 over 140 years. This surface warming response defines a climate metric, the Transient Climate Response to cumulative carbon Emissions (TCRE), which is important in estimating how much carbon may be emitted to avoid dangerous climate. The processes controlling these intermodel differences in the TCRE are revealed by defining the TCRE in terms of a product of three dependences: the surface warming dependence on radiative forcing (including the effects of physical climate feedbacks and planetary heat uptake), the radiative forcing dependence on changes in atmospheric carbon and the airborne fraction. Intermodel differences in the TCRE are mainly controlled by the thermal response involving the surface warming dependence on radiative forcing, which arise through large differences in physical climate feedbacks that are only partly compensated by smaller differences in ocean heat uptake. The other contributions to the TCRE from the radiative forcing and carbon responses are of comparable importance to the contribution from the thermal response on timescales of 50 years and longer for our subset of CMIP5 models and 100 years and longer for our subset of CMIP6 models. Hence, providing tighter constraints on how much carbon may be emitted based on the TCRE requires providing tighter bounds for estimates of the physical climate feedbacks, particularly from clouds, as well as to a lesser extent for the other contributions from the rate of ocean heat uptake, and the terrestrial and ocean cycling of carbon.
Preface: The 1st International Conference on Genetic Resources and Agricultural Biotechnology: “Information system and exchanges of genetic resources for effective crop improvement”
Authors: Lestari P , Sabran M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The First International Conference on Genetic Resources and Agricultural Biotechnology (The 1st ICGRB) was held in IPB International Convention Center on 20–21 August 2018, Bogor, Indonesia. The theme of the conference was “Information system and exchanges of genetic resources for effective crop improvement”. This conference facilitated the share and exchange of ideas, information and achievements on the management and utilization of plant genetic resources supported by biotechnology among researchers and academicians. This 1st ICGRB was also expected to result in bright ideas that will trigger international collaboration to resolve global agricultural challenges, in particular Indonesian challenge toward a sustainable bio-industry agriculture. Twelve invited speakers (Indonesia, Italy, Switzerland, Japan, Iran, USA, UK, South Korea and Singapore) shared their knowledge and experience with interactive discussion. In addition to Indonesian scientists, this event was successfully attracted approximately 150 participants coming from around seven countries joined in the plenary and parallel sessions as well as two consecutive international workshops. A total of 80 oral presentations on many crops with varied research areas were delivered in the conference by participating scientists. This conference was very useful in promoting and enhancing the applied technologies and related regulations on genetic resources exchange for crop improvement.
PhilRice Genebank: recent developments in managing and sharing the Philippine rice germplasm
Authors: Ferrer M C , Duldulao M D , Caguiat X G I , Mananghaya T E , Newingham MCV , Nombrere JMZ , Castro JR , Alfonso D O , Regalario J B , Alvarino J B M , Pacada I G , Niones J M 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The Genetic Resources Division (GRD) of PhilRice collects and conserves rice genetic resources to ensure the future generations of available seeds needed to build better rice plants in facing climate change and growing population. At present, GRD maintains the national collection of rice genetic resources with 7,129 accessions. To effectively manage the germplasm collection, the search for, development of, and implementation of the best conservation strategies and innovation in technology have been the utmost priority of the GRD. Thus, georeference data such as latitude, longitude and elevation of germplasm origin during collecting mission were recorded using a handheld global positioning system (GPS) receiver. The e-Seedfile software was developed to provide virtual access of the reference collection for regenerated germplasm seed verification and valid type confirmation for new and old germplasm collection. Barcoding, on the other hand, facilitated accurate inventory of seed stocks, making the distribution and regeneration of germplasm more efficient. Moreover, paperless data collection using android application was implemented for immediate data validation and accurate data downloading from tablets to workstations, making it an ideal tool for germplasm characterization. Furthermore, the current database system was upgraded and adjusted to adopt the use of digital object identifier (DOI) through registration to the global information system (GLIS) on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA). The DOI allows the use of material to be tracked, thus meeting the legal obligations of the SMTA and monitor the impact of genebank collections in utilization in research and breeding programs. These innovative technologies are of great importance to expand the toolbox for the management and conservation of the germplasm collection that will help enhance the long-term conservation of rice diversity and easy access to germplasm and germplasm-related information.
Digital object identifier (DOI) application for rice germplasm collection at Yogyakarta AIAT
Authors: Widyayanti S , Kristamtini  , Sudarmaji  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In 2014, local rice exploration survey identified 76 local rice accessions from Yogyakarta. These local rice collections have been stored in Yogyakarta AIAT cooler facilities. Yogyakarta AIAT has assigned the digital object identifier (DOI) to 55 of its local rice collections. The assignation of DOI will be useful for the local rice collection for their availability for transfer with the Standard Material Transfer Agreement (SMTA) in the Multilateral System (MLS) of Access and Benefit-Sharing (ABS) of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA).
Yield stability and agronomical performance of inland swamp rice lines developed using molecular breeding
Authors: Utami D W , Rosdianti I , Khairullah I , Sinaga P , Subardi  , Muarepey A 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Yield stability of rice varieties in diverse locations is an important aspect in a varietal recommendation to ensure better economic benefits for farmers. Multi-location trials in different locations or seasons will identify consistently high-performing varieties. This study aimed to test the yield stability of selected promising lines previously developed by means of Marker-assisted Breeding. Field trials were conducted in three different types of swampland locations: Lampung, South Kalimantan and Riau. The experiments were carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. A total of 15 selected rice lines were evaluated. Seedlings were transplanted to 2 m × 5 m plots with 20 cm × 20 cm planting distance. Yield stability was estimated using various analyses that measure coefficient of variability (Cvi), coefficient of regression (bi), deviation parameter (δ2), coefficient determination (Ri2) and AMMI biplot. Combined analysis of variance showed that line effect (G), environmental effect (E), and G × E interaction were statistically significant different. Using CVi25% and bi<1 threshold followed by AMMI biplot analyses, four lines (line number 1, 4, 6 and 11) were classified as having broad stability. Five lines (line number 5, 12, 13, 14 and 15) showed less yield stability but had better adaptation in tidal swamp environment. The other two lines (line number 3 and 7) showed a greater yield in the coastal swamp area, suggesting their potential as adapted lines suitable to this swampy environment.
Application of induced mutation technique to improve genetic variability of Indonesian traditional rice varieties
Authors: Dewi A K , Dwimahyani I , Sobrizal  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The development of rice genotype is vital to guarantee food security to cope with global climate changes and increasing population growth. Biodiversity is spread throughout the Indonesian archipelago. Many Indonesian local varieties are resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses that may be useful for rice breeding program. They are well-adapted to specific environment and have good aroma and eating quality, but have some weaknesses, such as late maturity, susceptible to lodging, unresponsive to fertilizer and low yield. Induced mutation breeding is useful for increasing genetic variability to develop genotypes with several interesting agronomical characters and yield. Center for Isotope and Radiation Application, National Nuclear Energy Agency (CIRA-NNEA) has been conducting the induced mutation technique for genetic improvement of rice. Pandan Putri, an early maturing mutant variety that was derived from irradiated Pandan Wangi variety from Cianjur area, is one of successful improvements of traditional rice varieties using mutation technique. The other success stories are described in this paper. It is concluded that nuclear technology can be applied for induced mutation breeding to improve several agronomical traits.
Improvement of Inpari 30 and Situ Bagendit rice varieties for tolerance to drought through spike-stalk injection method
Authors: Prasetiyono J , Fatimah  , Trijatmiko K R , Sustiprijatno  , Ma’sumah  , Nafisah  , Supriyanta  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Extreme climate change requires rice varieties adaptable to drought condition. Adaptation will play an important role in ensuring the sustainability of food security. This research aimed to improve drought tolerance of Inpari 30 and Situ Bagendit varieties through Spike-Stalk Injection Method (SIM). DNAs from several plant species, such as rice (cv. Cabacu), grasses (Echinochloa crusgalli/E. colona, elephant grass/Pennisetum purpureum, Bothriochloa pertusa, Cenchrus echinatus, Sorghum nitidum, Ischamemum timorensis and Guinea grass), sugarcane, wild rice (Oryza nivara), maize and sorghum were injected to tillers of cultivar Inpari 30 and Situ Bagendit. The first set of M1 Situ Bagendit-SIM and M1 Inpari 30-SIM seeds were treated with 20% of PEG 8000 solution for 10 days. Some of the well germinated seeds were planted in pots and maintained untill harvest. The selected M2 Situ Bagendit-SIM and M2 Inpari 30-SIM and the second set of M1 Situ Bagendit-SIM and M1 Inpari 30-SIM seeds were planted at Muara Experimental Station, Bogor (West Java). The result of PEG 8000 assay showed that M1 Situ Bagendit-SIM-elephant grass, sugarcane and O. nivara had significantly longer radicle length and higher fresh weight compared to Situ Bagendit, while M1 Inpari 30-SIM-sugarcane, sorghum and elephant grass had significantly longer radicle and plumule length, and higher radicle weight compared to Inpari 30. Field trial showed that the mutant lines of Situ Bagendit-SIM performed better than those of Inpari 30-SIM. The grain weight of M1 Situ Bagendit-SIM-Cabacu, jajagoan grass, maize, sugarcane, O. nivara and B. pertusa, and M2 Situ Bagendit-SIM-O. nivara and elephant grass were higher than that of Situ Bagendit. The grain weight of M1 Inpari 30-SIM-jajagoan grass was also higher than that of Inpari 30. Therefore, SIM could be an alternative way to develop genetic variation of rice plant.
Soil biology characteristics of oil palm land endemic to Ganoderma after four years conversion to sugarcane
Authors: Eris D D , Widiastuti H , Taniwiryono D 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Basal stem rot disease is the primary disease in oil palm production. One of the control methods to keep the disease severity low is through crop rotation by planting non-host crops for a certain period to reduce the pathogen population. This study aimed to evaluate the biological and molecular characteristics of Ganoderma endemic land after converted to sugarcane for four years. Results showed that the total abundance of bacteria in the land ranged from 3.5 × 102–6.1 × 108 CFU/g, whereas phosphates solubilizing bacteria, was in the range of 101–1.0 × 106 CFU/g and N fixing bacteria was 101–2.4 × 104 CFU/g. The genus dominated mycorrhizal fungi from Glomus and Acaulospora with spore population of 1 to 135 spores per 25 g of soil. Another soil biota analyzed was Trichoderma sp. that had population range between 102 to 105 CFU/g. Based on PCR analyses using specific primers Gan2 and Gan3, Ganoderma fungi were still detected in selected soil samples and the remaining roots in the field. Nevertheless, the productivity of sugarcane up to 4 ratoons remained high, i.e. more than 90 t/ha.
The utilization of local chili variety of Saha Isu as toiletries in West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Fitrahtunnisa  , Mokhtar M S , Rahmatullaila  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Chili is commonly used as spice, seasoning, and could help health promoting. Interestingly, a local variety (Saha Isu) from Bima District has been preferred for toiltetries material by indigenous people because of beneficial for headache therapy. The study aimed to know the use of a local chile variety of Saha Isu as toiletries by Bimanese. This study is a qualitative research technique which was done by interview on local people/community and observation of Saha Isu variety in Mpuri Village. These chili have been cultivated from generation to generation decades ago and not distributed yet to other places. In this village, chili was used as shampoo and body scrub material by smoothing and mixing it with grated coconut and a little water. The filtered liquid and remaining dregs were used as shampoo and body scrub, respectively. Total pieces of chili used usually in odd numbers depending on to spiciness level accepted and the availability. In addition to man health, this chili is good for pregnant women and after delivering baby to help control their blood pressure. Based on morphology, Saha Isu has strong spicy-aroma of fruit, dark green young fruit and turned to orange on mature fruit. This preliminary observation need further research on biochemical compound and molecular characterization to enrich the reference about Saha Isu information This traditional knowledge of Saha Isu is important for genetic resources preservation and conservation, and should be a part of activity and responded by institutional participation in Indonesia.
Fuzzy feed forward neural network (FFFNN) model for the Jakarta Islamic index (JII) forecasting
Authors: Irsalinda N , Astuti Y S , Sugiyarto  
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) model is the best model to forecast the time series data. In this research, The Fuzzy Feed Forward Neural Network (FFFNN) with backward propagation method is used to predict the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) data time series in 2018. Fuzzy is used as input to the FFNN model because it is overcome the weaknesses of the inaccurate results of the FFNN when the data is unclear or incomplete. The purposes of this research are to explain the procedure to generate the FFFNN model. The steps of the FFFNN model prepare the input data to become a fuzzy number using Growth-S Curve fuzzification; the second is divide the data into two training and testing data, the third is determining the best neural network architecture with different neurons and hidden layers to get the best weights that used for the forecasting model. In this research, the best FFFNN model is built by 19 neurons and one hidden layer with 90% and 10% training and testing data, respectively. Therefore with the model obtained, forecasting produces the value of MSE 0.0018 in training and 0.0004 in testing. From the MSE values obtained, it can be concluded that the forecasting using FFFNN model is reasonable to predict.
Spatial behavior pattern of visitors in City Park Case study: Flora and Bungkul Park, Indonesia
Authors: Dharmawan V , Rachmaniyah N 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Abstract. Knowledge of park visitor behavior needs to be owned by architects or public facilities designers. This is so that they can predict how visitors will behave in the park they designed. On the other hand, research on the behavior of park visitors is still rare in Indonesia. This research was located in Taman Bungkul and Taman Flora Surabaya-Indonesia and aimed to observe behavior patterns of park visitors. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach, with behavior mapping techniques whose data are mostly obtained from direct observation in the field. Behavior mapping identified visitor’s position, elements and facilities of the park, and the time they spend in the park. The results of the observations revealed that park facilities acted as a prominent stimulus to visitors’ behavior pattern, and there was interelation between city park facilities and spatial behavior pattern. In addition, it was also found that the strength of stimulus changed time to time depended on density in the park.
The effect of adhesive type and speed pan granulator on the properties of urea slow release fertilizer
Authors: Pamungkas R B , Jos B , Djaeni M , Afridha N S 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The application of slow-release fertilizer (SRF) to agriculture provides many benefits. Productivity increases and at the same time, negative impacts decrease. This type of slow-release matrix fertilizer offers an excellent solution for increasing nutrient uptake by plants and restoring agricultural land. The objectives of this research are to study the effect of the type of adhesive and the rotational speed of the granulator on the physical properties of urea slow-release fertilizer (USRF). There are four characteristics used as responses, namely; bulk density, water absorption, granules yield, and durability. The granulation process is carried out using a disc granulator. The study was conducted using one factor at a time method. Research has been carried out by varying the rotation speed of the granulator 5 to 25 with a range of 5 rotations per minute on five adhesives, namely; tapioca flour, glutinous rice flour, rice flour, sago flour, and corn flour. The results showed that the types of adhesives affect the values of bulk density, water absorption, granules yield, and durability. The best type of adhesive is tapioca, however, USRF tapioca adhesive has weakness on water absorbency. Increasing the rotational speed of the granulator causes an increase in the value of bulk density, water absorption, and granules yield while the endurance parameters decrease.
Effect of coconut-shell ash as filler and plastic bottle as substitution of porous asphalt mixture
Authors: Syammaun T , Meillyta  , Yati R 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Generally, porous asphalt mixtures are having low stability and highly dependent on the quality of asphalt as an aggregate binder, so the innovation of using additive needs to be examined to produce high quality asphalt. In this study, the additive used in asphalt mixtures is plastic bottle waste (Polyethylene Terephthalate/PET) and the use of coconut-shell ash (CS) as filler. This study aims to find out the influence of using PET waste and CS in asphalt porous mixtures which meets its parameter of Cantabro Loss (CL), Asphalt Flow Down (AFD), Marshall and permeability test on 60/70 asphalt penetration. Its benefit is to discover the influence of adding PET and ATK. In this research, the variation of asphalt content was made to obtain Optimum Asphalt Content (OAC) of 4.5%, 5.0%, and 6.0%. Australian Asphalt Pavement Association (AAPA) method was used to determine OAC including CL, AFD, and Void in Mix (WIM) test. After OAC was determined, OAC specimen with the variation of 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% PET substitute on asphalt weight, and the use of 50% combination of CS and portland cement from the total weight of filler were made. At OAC value of 5.74%, it is obtained that the value of CL, AFD, Marshall and permeability which meet the AAPA specifications is in the addition of 2% and 4% PET in PA mixture.
Immunostimulating effect of sweet potato fiber extract on IgM production by HB4C5 cells
Authors: Kumalasari I D , Sugahara T , Nishi K 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Sweet Potato (Ipomea batatas) is a local tuber potentially to be developed as functional food. The aims of this research is to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the sweet potato fibre extract (SFE) in vitro by animal cell culture techniques and identification the active compounds of SFE. SFE were prepared by autoclaving the sweet potato fiber powder in distilled water with room temperature 25 °C for 2 hours in distillated water and dialyzed with membrane with molecular weight cut off 14 kDa and 30 kDa. The IgM production of SFE against human hybridoma cell line HB4C5 cells was evaluated. The results of this research indicated that SFE stimulated IgM production by HB4C5 cells with heat and dialysis treatments in dose dependent manner. IgM production was increased by SFE with molecular weight more than 14 kDa and less than 30 kDa. The conclusion of this evaluation, SFE facilitated IgM production by HB4C5 cells and revealed that the SFE has positive effects on immunostimulatory activity in vitro.
Computational thinking digital media to improve digital literacy
Authors: Yuliana I , Octavia L P , Sudarmilah E 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Computational Thinking (CT) has been defined as an important skill that supports digital literacy in the industrial revolution 4.0. Computatiomal Thinking contained in the informatics curriculum is classified as local content for several formal schools. Four key techniques (cornerstones) to Computational Thinking consist of abstraction, algorithm, decomposition and pattern recognition, are very important in the processes involved in formulating problems and the solutions so that the solutions are represented in a form that can be effectively carried out by an information-processing agent The research started by analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation in series and give each other feedback to create an interactive learning media. The subjects of this study were students of grade IV and V of elementary school as great starting point for starting digital literacy as early as possible. Data collection techniques in this study are by observation, questionnaire, pre-test and post-test. The data analysis technique used was calculating the percentage of feasibility from the results of the questionnaire. The result is the use of CT learning media able to improve student’s understanding of CT in problem solving. The respondents could find the concept by themselves, analogically they can apply to similar problem. This is evidenced by the result of the post-test in similar questions from the pre-test. The respondents finally learnt how computer works, and this is important as basic creativity to improve digital literacy.