bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usefulness of serial post-systolic shortening by speckle tracking echocardiography to predict major adverse cardiovascular events and segmental function improvement after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Hsiao Ju-Feng , Pan Kuo-Li , Chu Chi-Ming , Chang Shih-Tai , Chung Chang-Min , Hsu Jen-Te 
Published: December 2020

Purpose
The aim is to determine whether serial post-systolic shortening (PSS) using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) could predict major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), especially symptom-driven infarct-related artery (IRA) revascularization and improvement in segmental function in post-myocardial infarction patients.

Methods/Results
Ninety-four patients (average age 61.1 ± 12.5 y, 84 [84.9%] male) with new-onset acute myocardial infarction were enrolled. Serial echocardiography was performed during the initial presentation, and at 3, 6 and 12 months after admission. PSS, strain and systolic strain rate were calculated using STE. Improvement in segmental function was defined as a decrease of ≧1 grade in wall motion score. During the follow-up (29.4 ± 12.7months), 22 patients (23.4%) had MACE and 17 patients had symptom-driven IRA revascularization. In multivariate model, PSS at 3 months was independently predictive for symptom-driven IRA revascularization (Hazard ratio (HR) = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.26–0.97) and for MACE (HR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.24–0.67) (p < 0.05). Segmental function improvements were found in 255 segments (66.1%) and ROC curve analyses showed that AUC (95% CI) of the initial PSS was 0.7(0.65–0.77) (cut-off values = -1.08, sensitivity = 58%, specificity = 73% specificity).

Conclusions
Post-systolic shortening at 3 months is an independent predictor for symptom-driven IRA revascularization and MACE. Regional wall motion recovery also could be predicted by initial PSS. Serial assessment of two-dimensional STE should be investigated in post-myocardial infarction patients in the future.
Sepsis recording in primary care electronic health records, linked hospital episodes and mortality records: Population-based cohort study in England
Authors: Rezel-Potts Emma , Gulliford Martin C. ,   the Safe AB Study Group
Published: December 2020

Background
Sepsis is a growing concern for health systems, but the epidemiology of sepsis is poorly characterised. We evaluated sepsis recording across primary care electronic records, hospital episodes and mortality registrations.

Methods and findings
Cohort study including 378 general practices in England from Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD database from 2002–2017 with 36,209,676 patient-years of follow-up with linked Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) and Office for National Statistics (ONS) mortality registrations. Incident sepsis episodes were identified for each source. Concurrent records from different sources were identified and age-standardised and age-specific incidence rates compared. Logistic regression analysis evaluated associations of gender, age-group, fifth of deprivation and period of diagnosis with concurrent sepsis recording.
There were 20,206 first episodes of sepsis from primary care, 20,278 from HES and 13,972 from ONS. There were 4,117 (20%) first HES sepsis events and 2,438 (17%) mortality records concurrent with incident primary care sepsis records within 30 days. Concurrent HES and primary care records of sepsis within 30 days before or after first diagnosis were higher at younger or older ages and for patients with the most recent period of diagnosis. Those diagnosed during 2007:2011 were less likely to have a concurrent HES record given CPRD compared to those diagnosed during 2012–2017 (odd ratio 0.65, 95% confidence interval 0.60–0.70). At age 85 and older, primary care incidence was 5.22 per 1,000 patient years (95% CI 1.75–11.97) in men and 3.55 (0.87–9.58) in women which increased to 10.09 (4.86–18.51) for men and 7.22 (2.96–14.72) for women after inclusion of all three sources.

Conclusion
Explicit recording of ‘sepsis’ is inconsistent across healthcare sectors with a high proportion of non-concurrent records. Incidence estimates are higher when linked data are analysed.
Severity of COVID-19 at elevated exposure to perfluorinated alkylates
Authors: Grandjean Philippe , Timmermann Clara Amalie Gade , Kruse Marie , Nielsen Flemming , Vinholt Pernille Just , Boding Lasse , Heilmann Carsten , Mølbak Kåre 
Published: December 2020

Background
The course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) seems to be aggravated by air pollution, and some industrial chemicals, such as the perfluorinated alkylate substances (PFASs), are immunotoxic and may contribute to an association with disease severity.

Methods
From Danish biobanks, we obtained plasma samples from 323 subjects aged 30–70 years with known SARS-CoV-2 infection. The PFAS concentrations measured at the background exposures included five PFASs known to be immunotoxic. Register data was obtained to classify disease status, other health information, and demographic variables. We used ordered logistic regression analyses to determine associations between PFAS concentrations and disease outcome.

Results
Plasma-PFAS concentrations were higher in males, in subjects with Western European background, and tended to increase with age, but were not associated with the presence of chronic disease. Of the study population, 108 (33%) had not been hospitalized, and of those hospitalized, 53 (16%) had been in intensive care or were deceased. Among the five PFASs considered, perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) showed an unadjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.19 (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.39–3.46) for increasing severities of the disease. Among those hospitalized, the fully adjusted OR for getting into intensive care or expiring was 5.18 (1.29, 20.72) when based on plasma samples obtained at the time of diagnosis or up to one week before.

Conclusions
Measures of individual exposures to immunotoxic PFASs included short-chain PFBA known to accumulate in the lungs. Elevated plasma-PFBA concentrations were associated with an increased risk of a more severe course of COVID-19. Given the low background exposure levels in this study, the role of exposure to PFASs in COVID-19 needs to be ascertained in populations with elevated exposures.
Intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wondmieneh Adam , Gedefaw Getnet , Alemnew Birhan , Getie Addisu , Bimerew Melaku , Demis Asmamaw 
Published: December 2020

Background
Intestinal parasitic infections are major public health problems throughout the world, particularly in people living with HIV/AIDS. People living with HIV/AIDS are vulnerable groups for a variety of diseases, hence they are easily affected by opportunistic and non-opportunistic intestinal parasites due to the weakening of their immunity. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence and factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia.

Methods
Articles were identified through search engines in the online electronic databases PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, HINARI, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and reference lists of previous studies following the PRISMA Protocol. Studies conducted between 2003 and 2020 with English language were included in this study. This review included papers with having high-quality NOS scores. Meta-analysis was computed using STATA version 11 software. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochrane Q-test and I2 test statistics. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis was employed with evidence of heterogeneity. Publication bias was determined using the funnel plot and Egger’s regression test statistic.

Results
This study included a total of twenty-two cross-sectional studies with 5,833 study participants. The mean age of the study participants was 35 years old. The pooled prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia was 39.15% (95%CI: 32.34, 45.95). The pooled prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among people living with HIV/AIDS who had taking ART and who had not to start ART was found to be 28.27% (95%CI 22.47, 34.06) and 41.63% (95%CI: 28.75, 54.52) respectively. Unavailability of latrine (AOR: 4.87, (95% CI: 2.39, 9.92)), CD4+ T cell count <200cells/μl ((AOR: 3.53, (95%CI: 1.98, 6.27)), and having a history of diarrhea (AOR: 4.79 (95%CI: 1.53, 14.99) were factors significantly associated with intestinal parasitic infections.

Conclusion
In this study, the overall pooled prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among HIV/AIDS patients in Ethiopia was relatively high. CD4+ T-cell count <200cells/μl, unavailability of a latrine, and history of diarrhea were significantly associated with intestinal parasitic infections. Therefore, the policymakers and health care professionals could give special attention to the presence of latrines, early detection and treatment of intestinal parasitic infections, and early initiation of ART drugs.
Moral and civism in higher education
Authors: Bertotti Rudimar Gomes , Bertotti Gisele Rietow 
Published: December 2020

This article aimed to investigate the bibliography of the Study of Brazilian Problems (PBS) discipline at the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) between 1971 and 1984. It was used primary and secondary sources, which unveiled the theoretical corpus that supported BPS teaching at UFPR. Some methodological elements of Cultural History were mobilized based on the understanding that individuals and groups grasp the social world and share it in a particular way, producing strategies and practices (political, social and educational) (Chartier 2002). Finally, the analysis revealed that BPS’ teaching programs were based on a bibliographic diversity, marked by books that were aligned with the Doctrine of the National Security and Development (DNSD), but which appeared alongside the works of some anti-regime authors. And that bibliographic focused on national problems denoted adherence to a larger DNSD policy aimed at encouraging the participation of university youth in the national political and economic plan.

Keywords: Brazilian Problems Study. Dictatorship. Teaching programs. Bibliography. History of Education.
The Chinese Model and Chinese Wisdom of Modernization
Authors: Xiaodong Li 
Published: December 2020

The Chinese Model and Chinese Wisdom of Modernization 1
Abstract: The Soviet model of socialism and the American model of capitalism are the two major solutions to modernization. Under the guidance of the traditional Chinese Doctrine of the Mean and the Marxist dialectical materialism, the Communist Party of China, by successively learning from these two major solutions and combining with the actual situation of China, has proposed Chinese solutions of socialism with Chinese characteristics to modernization of state governance and thus offered to the world Chinese wisdom beyond the conflicts between two major ideologies, namely, socialism and capitalism.
Keywords: State governance. Modernization. Chinese wisdom. Chinese situations.
O modelo chinês e a sabedoria chinesa da modernização
Resumo: O modelo soviético de socialismo e o modelo americano de capitalismo são as duas principais soluções para a modernização. Sob a orientação da doutrina chinesa tradicional do caminho do meio e do materialismo dialético marxista, o Partido Comunista da China, aprendendo sucessivamente com essas duas soluções principais e combinando-se com a situação atual da China, propôs soluções chinesas de socialismo com características chinesas, modernização da governança do estado e, assim, ofereceu ao mundo a sabedoria chinesa além dos conflitos entre duas grandes ideologias, a saber, socialismo e capitalismo.
Palavras-chave: Governança estatal. Modernização. Sabedoria chinesa. Situações chinesas.
El modelo chino y la sabiduría china de la modernización
Resumen: El modelo soviético del socialismo y el modelo estadounidense del capitalismo son las dos soluciones principales para la modernización. Bajo la guía de la Doctrina tradicional china de la media y el materialismo dialéctico marxista, el Partido Comunista de China, al aprender sucesivamente de estas dos soluciones principales y combinar con la situación actual de China, ha propuesto soluciones chinas del socialismo con características chinas para modernización de la gobernanza estatal y, por lo tanto, ofreció al mundo sabiduría china más allá de los conflictos entre dos ideologías principales, a saber, el socialismo y el capitalismo.
Palabras clave: Gobernanza estatal. Modernización. Sabiduría china. Situaciones chinas.
1This paper is related to “the Research of the Relationship between the Thought of the Communist Party of China about state Governance and Excellent Traditional Chinese Culture” supported by Beijing Social Science Fund Research Project Base (Project No. 17JDKDB003)
Data de registro: 30/07/2020
Data de aceite: 21/10/2020
1 This paper is related to “the Research of the Relationship between the Thought of the Communist Party of China about state Governance and Excellent Traditional Chinese Culture” supported by Beijing Social Science Fund Research Project Base (Project No. 17JDKDB003).
The paths and the ways: an insight into transdisciplinarity
Authors: Gibbs Paul 
Published: December 2020

The paths and the ways: an insight into transdisciplinarity
Abstract: This is a short study of how the notion of thinking that Heidegger developed in his writing, in the Conversation on a Country Path about Thinking (2010a), can be read through a consideration of a Chinese Taoist text Tao Te Ching (Laozi) and the Confucian, though a Taoist inspired text, by Zisi, the Zhongyong, to illuminate the essential nature of openness in transdisciplinarity and the restrictions of disciplinarity of knowing taken as the ritual and rules of methodology. This approach offers a way to understand unconcealment in the onto-cosmology of the harmony of all Being and of personal cultivation which is essential to the ontology of Heidegger. I then suggest how this might be offered in what could be called a transdisciplinary pedagogy.
Key words: Heidegger. Confucianism. Taoism. Transdisciplinarity. Harmony.
Os caminhos e os meios: uma visão da transdisciplinaridade
Resumo: Este é um breve estudo sobre como a noção de pensamento que Heidegger desenvolveu em seus escritos, em Conversation on a Country Path about Thinking [Uma Conversa no Caminho do Campo sobre o Pensar] (2010a), pode ser lida através da consideração de um texto taoísta chinês Tao Te Ching (Laozi) e de um texto confucionista, embora inspirado por taoístas, de Zisi, o Zhongyong [A Doutrina do Meio], para iluminar a natureza essencial da abertura na transdisciplinaridade e as restrições da disciplinaridade do conhecimento a serem tomadas como ritual e regras da metodologia. Essa abordagem oferece uma maneira de entender a desocultação na ontocosmologia da harmonia de todo o Ser e do cultivo pessoal, essencial à ontologia de Heidegger. Sugiro então como isso pode ser oferecido no que poderia ser chamado de pedagogia transdisciplinar.
Palavras-chave: Heidegger. Confucionismo. Taoísmo. Transdisciplinaridade. Harmonia.
Los caminos y los medios: una visión de la transdisciplinariedad
Resumen: Este es un breve estudio de cómo la noción de pensamiento que desarrolló Heidegger en sus escritos, Conversación sobre un camino rural sobre el pensamiento (2010a), puede leerse mediante la consideración de un texto chino taoísta Tao Te Ching (Laozi) y un texto confuciano, aunque inspirado por los taoístas de Zisi, el Zhongyong [La Doctrina del Medio], para iluminar la naturaleza esencial de la apertura en la transdisciplinariedad y las limitaciones de la disciplina del conocimiento a tomado como ritual y reglas de metodología. Este enfoque ofrece una forma de entender la falta de cultivación de la ontocosmología de la armonía de todo Ser y el cultivo personal, esencial para la ontología de Heidegger. Luego sugiero cómo se podría ofrecer esto en lo que podría llamarse pedagogía transdisciplinaria.
Palabras clave: Heidegger. Confuciano. Taoísmo. Transdisciplinariedad. Armonía.
Data de registro: 30/07/2020
Data de aceite: 21/10/2020
Deep neural networks for collaborative learning analytics: Evaluating team collaborations using student gaze point prediction
Authors: Barmaki Roghayeh , Guo Zhang 
Published: December 2020

Automatic assessment and evaluation of team performance during collaborative tasks is key to the research on learning analytics and computer-supported cooperative work. There is growing interest in the use of gaze-oriented cues for evaluating the collaboration and cooperativeness of teams. However, collecting gaze data using eye-trackers is not always feasible due to time and cost constraints. In this paper, we introduce an automated team assessment tool based on gaze points and joint visual attention (JVA) information drawn from computer vision solutions. We evaluated team collaborations in an undergraduate anatomy learning activity (N = 60, 30 teams) as a test user study. The results indicate that higher JVA was positively associated with student learning outcomes (r(30) = 0.50, p < 0.005). Moreover, teams who participated in two experimental groups and used interactive 3D anatomy models, had higher JVA (F(1,28) = 6.65, p < 0.05) and better knowledge retention (F(1,28) = 7.56, p < 0.05) than those in the control group. Also, no significant difference was observed based on JVA for different gender compositions of teams. The findings from this work have implications in learning sciences and collaborative computing by providing a novel joint attention-based measure to objectively evaluate team collaboration dynamics.
Implications for practice or policy:

Student learning outcomes can be improved by receiving constructive feedback about team performances using our gaze-based collaborative learning method.
Underrepresented and underserved minorities of science, technology, engineering and mathematics disciplines can be engaged in more collaborative problem-solving and team-based learning activities since our method offers a broader reach by automating collaboration assessment process.
Course leaders can assess the quality of attention and engagement among students and can monitor or assist larger numbers of students simultaneously.
Securitization of Memory: a Theoretical Framework to Study the Latvian Case
Authors: Pakhomenko Sergii , Sarajeva Olga 
Published: December 2020

The article suggests and argues a theoretical framework for studying a particular case of memory securitization. It is based on the constructivist perception of security that is systematically framed in the studies of representatives of the Copenhagen School, who consider security as a socially constructed phenomenon and define identity protection to be one of its primary goals.
Pursuant to this approach, the article presents a correlation between memory and security in at least three aspects. In the first instance, similar to security, collective memory is socially determined. In the second instance, collective memory lies at the core of various forms of identity, including national identity. In the third instance, collective memory is not only an object of protection but also a resource, which is used by securitization actors for threat identification, enemy image modeling as well as for defining the means of protection.
The Latvian case is applied for setting the theoretical framework of the memory securitization model. In future, it might be used to study specific juridical and political mechanisms of memory securitization in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe.
The authors perceive the securitization of memory as a diverse complex of measures aimed at establishing and setting a certain historical narrative, as well as convincing society to be actively loyal to it. Accordingly, the policy of memory is defined as a mechanism for putting securitization in practice. The initial conditions for understanding this process in Latvia are the post-communist transition, ethnocultural divisions of the society, and the external factor represented by Russia, that promotes its historical narratives.
In one respect, R. Brubaker’s concept of the “nationalized” state is taken as a theoretical model of the politics of memory in Latvia. According to this concept, the official narrative of post-communist countries has been set as a nation-oriented one. On the other hand, the concept of the memory regime developed by M. Bernhard and J. Kubik is also considered. As per their theory, the memory regime in Latvia can be described as being divided into the official and alternative narrative of counter-memory, which is based on the Soviet legacy.
The External Component of National Economic Security
Authors: Bulatova Olena , Trofymenko Mykola , Karpenko Oleksandr , Fedorov Eduard 
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of the foreign trade component on the formation of national economic security. Transformations occurring in the world’s economic development, the deterioration of the global financial environment, and increasing geopolitical tensions have intensified the main risks to the development of the global economy in today’s conditions. Therefore, national governments are actively using a wide range of tools to ensure economic growth and the appropriate level of competitiveness of their respective economies while ensuring national security, which is relevant for the study of the external component of national economic security.
To achieve the aim, general scientific and specific research methods are used, such as methods of analysis, abstraction and synthesis (in the study of protectionism as a policy and practice, instruments of neo-protectionism); methods of classification and systematic generalization (to systematize the forms of protectionism and neo-protectionism); economic and statistical methods (to assess the impact of foreign trade on the development of national economic security).
It is demonstrated that the intensification of the risks to the development of the global economy has led to the transformation of trade policies, changes in the use of foreign trade regulation instruments, which affects the economic security of various countries as a major component of their national security. The modern trade and economic policy toolbox used by various countries to ensure national security is analyzed. A comparative analysis of the development of foreign trade of the EU and Ukraine has been carried out, and the features of the influence of the foreign trade component on the formation of economic security have been determined.
It is demonstrated that, in the conditions of a global economic crisis, hidden forms of protectionism implemented at various levels of economic policy (global, regional, national), have spread. A classification of specific features and forms of neo-protectionism, that distinguish it from protectionism, is proposed. It is substantiated that global processes encourage national governments to implement deregulatory measures and improve the quality of institutions, while regulated economies contribute to the spread of corruption and grey areas in national economies.