bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between diet quality and food waste in Canadian families: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Carroll Nicholas , Wallace Angela , Jewell Kira , Darlington Gerarda , Ma David W. L. , Duncan Alison M. , Parizeau Kate , von Massow Michael , Haines Jess 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Higher diet quality has been associated with greater amounts of food waste among adults in the United States. This study aims to build on previous work by examining the association between diet quality and food waste, as assessed using detailed waste audits, among a sample of Canadian families.

Methods
This cross-sectional study used data from 85 Canadian families with young children. Parent and children diet quality was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), calculated from 3-day food records. Household food waste was measured using detailed waste audits conducted over multiple weeks and these data were used to calculate daily per capita food waste. Linear regression was used to explore the association between parent and child HEI-2015 scores and daily per capita total avoidable and unavoidable food waste, as well as daily per capita avoidable and unavoidable food waste in the following categories: 1) fruits and vegetables, 2) milk, cheese and eggs, 3) meat and fish, 4) breads and cereals, 5) fats and sugars.

Results
Parent HEI-2015 scores ranged from 37 to 92 (out of 100) and 81% of parents’ diets scored in the “Needs Improvement (51-80)” category. Parent and child diet quality scores were significantly correlated (r = 0.61; P < 0.0001) and 82% of children’s diets scored in the “Needs Improvement” category. On average, households produced 107 g of avoidable food waste and 52 g of unavoidable food waste per person per day. Fruits and vegetables were the highest contributor for both avoidable and unavoidable food waste. Both parent and child HEI-2015 scores were not significantly associated with total daily per capita avoidable or unavoidable food waste. However, parent HEI-2015 scores were positively associated with daily per capita avoidable fruit and vegetable waste (Unstandardized β = 1.05; 95%CI: 0.11, 1.99; P = 0.03) and daily per capita unavoidable fruit and vegetable waste (Unstandardized β = 0.60; 95%CI: 0.03, 1.17; P = 0.04), after adjusting for household income.

Conclusion
This is the first study to explore the association between diet quality and food waste using detailed waste audits. Future research should explore effective strategies towards improving diet quality while simultaneously reducing food waste, especially of fruits and vegetables.
Bisphenol A shapes children’s brain and behavior: towards an integrated neurotoxicity assessment including human data
Authors: Mustieles Vicente , Fernández Mariana F. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractConcerns about the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on human brain and behavior are not novel; however, Grohs and colleagues have contributed groundbreaking data on this topic in a recent issue ofEnvironmental Health. For the first time, associations were reported between prenatal BPA exposure and differences in children’s brain microstructure, which appeared to mediate the association between this exposure and children’s behavioral symptoms. Findings in numerous previous mother-child cohorts have pointed in a similar worrying direction, linking higher BPA exposure during pregnancy to more behavioral problems throughout childhood as assessed by neuropsychological questionnaires. Notwithstanding, this body of work has not been adequately considered in risk assessment. From a toxicological perspective, results are now available from the CLARITY-BPA consortium, designed to reconcile academic and regulatory toxicology findings. In fact, the brain has consistently emerged as one of the most sensitive organs disrupted by BPA, even at doses below those considered safe by regulatory agencies such as the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). In this Commentary, we contextualize the results of Grohs et al. within the setting of previous epidemiologic and CLARITY-BPA data and express our disquiet about the “all-or-nothing” criterion adopted to select human data in a recent EFSA report on the appraisal methodology for their upcoming BPA risk assessment. We discuss the most relevant human studies, identify emerging patterns, and highlight the need for adequate assessment and interpretation of the increasing epidemiologic literature in this field in order to support decision-making. With the aim of avoiding a myopic or biased selection of a few studies in traditional risk assessment procedures, we propose a future reevaluation of BPA focused on neurotoxicity and based on a systematic and comprehensive integration of available mechanistic, animal, and human data. Taken together, the experimental and epidemiologic evidence converge in the same direction: BPA is a probable developmental neurotoxicant at low doses. Accordingly, the precautionary principle should be followed, progressively implementing stringent preventive policies worldwide, including the banning of BPA in food contact materials and thermal receipts, with a focus on the utilization of safer substitutes.
Filling the gaps: ethnobotanical study of the Garrigues district, an arid zone in Catalonia (NE Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Gras Airy , Vallès Joan , Garnatje Teresa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
This study has focused on the Garrigues district, one of the most arid regions in Catalonia (NE Iberian Peninsula), which, in general terms, has remained unexplored from the ethnobotanical point of view. This area, of 22,243 inhabitants, comprises 33 municipalities distributed across 1123.12 km2. The natural vegetation is dominated by holm oak forests and maquis called ‘garriga’, the latter giving its name to the district. During the last few decades, this landscape has been transformed by agricultural activities, nowadays in recession. The main aim of this work was to collect and analyse the ethnoflora of this area in order to fill a gap in the ethnobotanical knowledge in Catalonia.

Methods
The followed methodology was based on semi-structured interviews. The obtained data have been qualitatively and quantitatively analysed and compared with other available ones.

Results
Data were gathered from 68 interviews involving 101 informants, whose ages range from 24 to 94, the mean being 73.07. The number of taxa reported in this study was 420, belonging to 99 botanical families. The interviewed informants referred 4715 use reports (UR) of 346 useful taxa, 1741 (36.93) of them corresponding to medicinal uses, 1705 (36.16%) to food uses, and 1269 (26.91%) to other uses. This study has inventoried, apart from individual plant uses, 260 plant mixtures, of which 98 are medicinal and 162 food. In the present study, 849 vernacular names with 116 phonetic variants have been collected, as well, for 410 taxa. The informant consensus factor (FIC) obtained for our interviewees is 0.93, and the ethnobotanicity index is 23.47% for the studied area. Apart from plants belonging to the typical Catalan, Iberian or European ethnofloras, the present work contributes information on some plants from semiarid or arid regions, such as Artemisia herba-alba and Plantago albicans, much rarer in the ethnobotany of the quoted areas.

Conclusions
The results of this study reveal the persistence of ethnobotanical knowledge in the prospected area and the importance of filling the existing gaps in the ethnofloristic sampling of the Catalan territories. The almost complete dataset, now including some arid territories, will allow us to carry out a global analysis and to provide an accurate overview.
Pattern-of-failure and salvage treatment analysis after chemoradiotherapy for inoperable stage III non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Taugner Julian , Eze Chukwuka , Käsmann Lukas , Roengvoraphoj Olarn , Gennen Kathrin , Karin Monika , Petrukhnov Oleg , Tufman Amanda , Belka Claus , Manapov Farkhad 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Loco-regional and distant failure are common in inoperable stage III non small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after chemoradiotherapy (CRT). However, there is limited real-world data on failure pattern, patient prognosis and salvage options.

Methods
We analysed 99 consecutive patients with inoperable stage III NSCLC treated with CRT between 2011 and 2016. Follow up CT scans from date of the first-site failure were matched with the delivered radiation treatment plans. Intra-thoracic loco-regional relapse was defined as in-field (IFR) vs. out-of-field recurrence (OFR) [in- vs. outside 50Gy isodose line in the involved lung], respectively. Extracranial distant (DMs) and brain metastases (BMs) as first site of recurrence were also evaluated. Using the Kaplan-Meier method, impact of salvage surgery (sS), radiotherapy (sRT), chemotherapy (sCT) and immunotherapy (sIO) on patient survival was assessed.

Results
Median follow-up was 60.0 months. Median PFS from the end of CRT for the entire cohort was 7.5 (95% CI: 6.0–9.0 months) months. Twenty-six (26%) and 25 (25%) patients developed IFR and OFR. Median time to diagnosis of IFR and OFR was 7.2 and 6.2 months. In the entire cohort, onset of IFR and OFR did not influence patient outcome. However, in 73 (74%) patients who survived longer than 12 months after initial diagnosis, IFR was a significant negative prognostic factor with a median survival of 19.3 vs 40.0 months (p < 0.001). No patients with IFR underwent sS and/or sRT. 18 (70%) and 5 (19%) patients with IFR underwent sCT and sIO. Three (12%) patients with OFR underwent sS and are still alive with 3-year survival rate of 100%. 5 (20%) patients with OFR underwent sRT with a median survival of 71.2 vs 19.1 months (p = 0.014). Four (16%) patients with OFR received sIO with a numerical survival benefit (64.6 vs. 26.4 months, p = 0.222).
DMs and BMs were detected in 27 (27%) and 16 (16%) patients after median time of 5.8 and 5.13 months. Both had no impact on patient outcome in the entire cohort. However, patients with more than three BMs showed significantly poor OS (9.3 vs 26.0 months; p = 0.012).

Conclusions
After completion of CRT, IFR was a negative prognostic factor in those patients, who survived longer than 12 months after initial diagnosis. Patients with OFR benefit significantly from salvage local treatment. Patients with more than three BMs as first site of failure had a significantly inferior outcome.
Modified algorithm for managing postoperative osteomyelitis following fracture fixation with Cierny-Mader type
Authors: Tan Yanbin , Li Hang , Pan Zhijun , Zheng Qiang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
No standardized protocol has been suggested in the treatment of postoperative osteomyelitis following fracture fixation. Our team evaluates the clinical efficacy of the modified algorithm for managing postoperative osteomyelitis following fracture fixation with Cierny–Mader type.

Methods
Ninety-five wounds were reviewed from March 2009 to February 2016 in our hospital. Sixty-one wounds were treated by the modified algorithm as follows: stable hardware + bone not healed Cierny–Mader 1 type = remove hardware, temporary stabilize; stable hardware + bone not healed Cierny–Mader 2 type = retain hardware ; stable hardware + bone not healed Cierny–Mader for type 3 and type 4 = remove hardware, temporary stabilize/Ilizarov technique; unstable hardware + bone not healed = remove hardware, temporary stabilize/Ilizarov technique; and stable hardware + bone healed = remove hardware. Thirty-four wounds were treated by the conventional algorithm. Autodermoplasty, flap transfer, myocutaneous flap, and other methods including antibiotic irrigation and drug delivery system were used in wound repair.

Results
The patients treated with modified algorithm had a significantly reduced recurrence (P < 0.01) and increased results of negative bacterial cultures (P < 0.01); however, a decrease in the number of retained hardware cases was observed (P < 0.05). For those treated with tissue reconstruction, there was no significance (P > 0.05) compared with the conventional group.

Conclusions
The modified algorithm for the postoperative osteomyelitis following fracture fixation according to the stability of the hardware and Cierny–Mader type represents a good clinical efficacy in the management of postoperative osteomyelitis. This procedure is simple and shows promising results; more clinical evidence is needed to confirm the existing findings and optimize the treatment of postoperative osteomyelitis following fracture fixation.
Racial differences in CD8+ T cell infiltration in breast tumors from Black and White women
Authors: Abdou Yara , Attwood Kristopher , Cheng Ting-Yuan David , Yao Song , Bandera Elisa V. , Zirpoli Gary R. , Ondracek Rochelle Payne , Stein Leighton , Bshara Wiam , Khoury Thaer , Ambrosone Christine B. , Omilian Angela R. 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
African American/Black women with breast cancer have poorer survival than White women, and this disparity persists even after adjusting for non-biological factors. Differences in tumor immune biology have been reported between Black and White women, and the tumor immune milieu could potentially drive racial differences in breast cancer etiology and outcome.

Methods
We examined the association of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells with clinical-pathological variables in the Women’s Circle of Health Study (WCHS) population of predominantly Black breast cancer patients. We evaluated 688 invasive breast tumor samples (550 Black, 138 White) using immunohistochemical staining of tissue microarray slides. CD8+ T cells were scored for each patient tumor sample with digital image analysis.

Results
Black women had a significantly higher percentage of high-grade, estrogen receptor (ER)-negative, and triple-negative tumors than White women and significantly higher CD8+ T cell density (median 87.6/mm2 vs. 53.1/mm2; p < 0.001). Within the overall population and in the population of Black women only, CD8+ T cell density was significantly higher in younger patients and patients with high-grade and ER/PR-negative tumors. No significant associations were observed between CD8+ T cell density and overall survival or breast cancer-specific survival in the overall population, or when Black patients were analyzed as a separate group. However, when stratified by subtype, Black women with triple-negative breast cancer and high CD8+ T cell density showed a trend towards better overall survival in comparison with patients with low CD8+ T cell density (HR = 0.51; 95% CI 0.25–1.04).

Conclusions
Our data raise the possibility that distinct mechanisms of immune cell action may occur in different racial groups.
Implementing self-management: a mixed methods study of women’s experiences of a postpartum hypertension intervention (SNAP-HT)
Authors: Cairns Alexandra E. , Tucker Katherine L. , Crawford Carole , McManus Richard J. , Powell John 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Self-management strategies are effective in a number of medical conditions; however, implementation studies have demonstrated adoption into clinical practice can be problematic. The process of implementation was explored during a pilot randomised controlled trial evaluating postpartum blood pressure self-management in women with medicated hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Methods
A mixed methods study using semi-structured interviews with a qualitative and a scored (quantitative) component were undertaken as part of a pilot randomised controlled trial (SNAP-HT) in postnatal women with medicated gestational hypertension or pre-eclampsia. Women were randomised to usual care or blood pressure self-management. Self-management entailed daily home blood pressure monitoring and automated medication reduction via telemonitoring. Women from both groups optionally consented to participate in audio-recorded interviews at 4 weeks and 6 months postpartum. Interview questions were developed to explore the proposed benefits of self-management and the constructs of normalisation process theory. Participants provided a score (Likert scale 1–5) for each question and were encouraged to expand upon these answers through further discussion. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using the framework approach.

Results
Sixty-eight women, 34 from each randomised group, completed at least one audio-recorded interview. Several overarching themes emerged from analysis of 126 interview transcripts: control; convenience; confidence, communication and knowledge; concern; constraints; and components of the intervention. In the scored component of the analysis, both groups reported feeling more in control of their condition postpartum compared to during pregnancy, more so in those self-managing at both 4 weeks and 6 months: adjusted differences 0.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.2 to 1.1) and 0.7 (95% CI 0.3 to 1.2) respectively.

Conclusions
Interviews and quantitative data showed that self-management enhanced women’s sense of control and improved their blood pressure-related anxiety. Prior to taking part, a few women anticipated that home monitoring might increase anxiety, but stated that it had the opposite effect. Self-management was perceived as more flexible and reactive and as enabling more targeted down-titration of medication. These data provide considerable support for blood pressure self-management postpartum and reinforce the effectiveness of the intervention used in this study.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02333240. Prospectively registered on 7 January 2015.
BTB/POZ zinc finger protein ZBTB16 inhibits breast cancer proliferation and metastasis through upregulating ZBTB28 and antagonizing BCL6/ZBTB27
Authors: He Jin , Wu Mingjun , Xiong Lei , Gong Yijia , Yu Renjie , Peng Weiyan , Li Lili , Li Li , Tian Shaorong , Wang Yan , Tao Qian , Xiang Tingxiu 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer remains in urgent need of reliable diagnostic and prognostic markers. Zinc finger and BTB/POZ domain-containing family proteins (ZBTBs) are important transcription factors functioning as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. The role and regulation of ZBTB16 in breast cancer remain to be established.MethodsReverse-transcription PCR and methylation-specific PCR were applied to detect expression and methylation ofZBTB16in breast cancer cell lines and tissues. The effects of ZBTB16 in breast cancer cells were examined via cell viability, CCK8, Transwell, colony formation, and flow cytometric assays. Xenografts and immunohistochemistry analyses were conducted to determine the effects of ZBTB16 on tumorigenesis in vivo. The specific mechanisms of ZBTB16 were further investigated using Western blot, qRT-PCR, luciferase assay, and co-IP.ResultsZBTB16was frequently downregulated in breast cancer cell lines in correlation with its promoter CpG methylation status. Restoration of ZBTB16 expression led to induction of G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis, inhibition of migration and invasion, reversal of EMT, and suppression of cell proliferation, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, ectopically expressed ZBTB16 formed heterodimers with ZBTB28 or BCL6/ZBTB27 and exerted tumor suppressor effects through upregulation of ZBTB28 and antagonistic activity on BCL6.ConclusionsLow expression ofZBTB16is associated with its promoter hypermethylation and restoration of ZBTB16 inhibits tumorigenesis. ZBTB16 functions as a tumor suppressor through upregulating ZBTB28 and antagonizing BCL6. Our findings also support the possibility of ZBTB16 being a prognostic biomarker for breast cancer.
A cost-effectiveness analysis model of Preventicus atrial fibrillation screening from the point of view of statutory health insurance in Germany
Authors: Birkemeyer Ralf , Müller Alfred , Wahler Steffen , von der Schulenburg Johann-Matthias 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
With atrial fibrillation (AF) the risk of stroke is 4.2-fold increased to a comparable population without AF. This risk decreases by up to 70% if AF is detected early enough and effective stroke preventive measures are taken as recommended by international guidelines. Long-term studies found large number of subjects with undiagnosed AF. Preventicus Heartbeats” is a hands-on screening tool for use on smartphone to diagnose AF with high sensitivity and specificity. The aim of this study is to research the cost-effectiveness of systematic screening for AF with this smartphone application.

Method
Employing a Markov model we analysed the cost-effectiveness of the “Preventicus Heartbeats” screening for Germany, i.e. from the perspective of German statutory sick funds.

Results
For a cohort of 10,000 insured 75-year-old the use of the diagnostic app could avoid 60 strokes in the remaining lifetime thereof 32 strokes in the next four years. Former models have applied similar cohorts. The same cohort showed an increase in quality-adjusted life years (QALY) in the remaining lifetime of 165 QALYs in the scenario with screening versus.
without screening and a decrease in discounted lifetime costs (including risk compensation effects) of €129 per participant (€148 for male, €114 for female participants).

Conclusions
The modelling demonstrates the health benefits and economic effects of an implementation of a systematic screening on AF with “Preventicus Heartbeats”, given the perspective of the German payer, the statutory health care system.
Existence of infinitely many solutions for a p-Kirchhoff problem in RN
Authors: Xiu Zonghu , Zhao Jing , Chen Jianyi 
Published: June 2020

AbstractWe consider the existence of multiple solutions of the following singular nonlocal elliptic problem: $$\begin{aligned} \textstyle\begin{cases} -M(\int _{\mathbb{R} ^{N}}{ \vert x \vert ^{-ap} \vert \nabla u \vert ^{p}})\operatorname{div}( \vert x \vert ^{-ap} \vert \nabla u \vert ^{p-2}\nabla u)= h(x) \vert u \vert ^{r-2}u+H(x) \vert u \vert ^{q-2}u, \\ u(x)\rightarrow 0 \quad \text{as } \vert x \vert \rightarrow \infty , \end{cases}\displaystyle \end{aligned}$$ {−M(∫RN|x|−ap|∇u|p)div(|x|−ap|∇u|p−2∇u)=h(x)|u|r−2u+H(x)|u|q−2u,u(x)→0as |x|→∞, where $x\in \mathbb{R} ^{N}$x∈RN, and $M(t)=\alpha +\beta t$M(t)=α+βt. By the variational method we prove that the problem has infinitely many solutions when some conditions are fulfilled.
p-Adic integral on $\mathbb{Z}_{p}$ associated with degenerate Bernoulli polynomials of the second kind
Authors: Jang Lee-Chae , Kim Dae San , Kim Taekyun , Lee Hyunseok 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, by means of p-adic Volkenborn integrals we introduce and study two different degenerate versions of Bernoulli polynomials of the second kind, namely partially and fully degenerate Bernoulli polynomials of the second kind, and also their higher-order versions. We derive several explicit expressions of those polynomials and various identities involving them.
Nonlocal boundary value problems for Hilfer-type pantograph fractional differential equations and inclusions
Authors: Wongcharoen Athasit , Ntouyas Sotiris K. , Tariboon Jessada 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we study boundary value problems, involving the Hilfer fractional derivative, for pantograph fractional differential equations and inclusions supplemented by nonlocal integral boundary conditions. Existence and uniqueness results are obtained by using well-known fixed point theorems for single and multi-valued functions. Examples illustrating our results are also presented.