bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
I don’t want to think about it: a qualitative study of children (6 -18 years) with rheumatic diseases and parents' experiences with regular needle injections at home
Authors: Sørensen Kari , Skirbekk Helge , Kvarstein Gunnvald , Wøien Hilde 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Overall outcomes of pediatric rheumatic diseases (RD) have improved due to treatment with biologic agents and methotrexate. For many children, this treatment often entails regular needle injections. Pain and fear of needle injections are common in childhood, but how children and parents handle long-term needle injections at home has not been fully explored. This study aimed to explore how regular needle injections affect children with RD and their parents in their daily living.Methods This explorative qualitative study used individual interviews and focus groups to ensure a comprehensive investigation of the topic. Children aged 6 to 16 years (n = 7) and their parents (n = 8) were interviewed individually 4 to 6 months after the onset of needle injection treatment. The focus groups included children aged 11 to 17 years (n = 9) and parents (n = 8) with a minimum of 6 months of experience with injection treatment. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results The main themes; “challenges,” “motivational factors,” and “routines” captured experiences and strategies that influenced the continuation of needle injections at home. Many children feared the moment immediately before the needle stick, although they had become accustomed to the pain. Most parents felt insecure about handling needle injections and lacked follow-up from healthcare providers. The children’s experience of treatment effects and self-confidence were essential to maintain motivation for further injections. A number of coping strategies helped children focus away from injection related discomfort, often discovered by chance. Facilitating firm routines and shared responsibility within families helped children develop self-confidence during the procedure. Children and parents struggled to find suitable information on the Internet. Conclusions Children and parents experienced long-term needle injections challenging. They used their own limited resources and cooperated within the families to create routines and to introduce coping strategies necessary to manage and keep up with the procedure. Although the injection itself was not experienced very painful, the discomfort, worries and impact on daily life represented far more than a little needle stick, and thus needs more attention from healthcare providers.
Therapeutic approach to Sars-COV-2 in early treatment of patient not-hospitalized: a case report.
Authors: Marasco Daniela , Prete Salvatore Del , Sabetta Rosalaura , Caruso Arturo Armone , Consolmagno Guido , Prete Antonio Del 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Sars-CoV-2 induces a massive inflammatory response mediated by macrophages, activated thanks to IFNγ secreted by T lymphocytes. Viral Spanish influenza has been reported that h could have the similar inflammatory mechanism that we can observe in COVID-19 patients 16). We tested this theory on a 55-year-old male patient, Sars-COV-2 positive. Case presentation: We treated our patient using clinical data and therapeutic approaches from a team of Chinese researchers, established during the beginning of the epidemic in December 2019. The new member of the human coronavirus, officially called SARS - CoV - 2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) is a new RNA virus strain that has not been previously identified in humans (1). This patient showed a Sars Cov-2 infection and was treated early with glucocorticoids. The patient immediately showed a regression of fever and an improvement of symptoms. Conclusions: We hypothesize that the initial stages of the infection can be treated with glucocorticoid therapy.
rSodC is a potential antigen to diagnose Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis by enzyme-linked immunoassay
Authors: de Farias Antonio Pedro Fróes , Filho José Tadeu Raynal Rocha , Marchioro Silvana Beutinger , Moreira Luan Santana , Marques Andressa Souza , de Sá Maria da Conceição Aquino , Oliveira Antonio Anderson dos Santos , Alcântara Maria Emília , Mariutti Ricardos Barros , Arni Raghuvir Krishnaswamy , Trindade Soraya Castro , Meyer Roberto 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Caseous lymphadenitis (CL) is a chronic infectious disease that affects sheep and goats. Many serological tests have been developed to detect the disease; one of the most widely used is the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), due to its advantages. ELISA formulations using recombinant proteins can exhibit significant sensitivity and specificity when using a single purified antigen. DTxR, Trx, TrxR, LexA, SodC, SpaC, NanH, and PknG recombinant proteins can be considered target proteins for ELISA development. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the antigenic reactivity of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis recombinant proteins in goat and sheep serum. Of eight proteins evaluated, rSodC was selected for validation assays with small ruminant serum samples from the semiarid region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. Validation assays with goat serum samples showed that rSodC presented sensitivity and specificity of 96% and 94%, respectively. Validation assays with sheep serum showed that recombinant SodC exhibited sensitivity and specificity of 95% and 98%, respectively. Analysis of 756 field serum samples showed that rSodC identified 95 positive samples (23%) in goats and 75 positive samples (21%) in sheep. The ELISA with recombinant SodC protein developed in this study discriminated positive and negative serum samples with high levels of sensitivity and specificity. This formulation is promising for epidemiological surveys and CL control programs.
Controlling Molecular Nanomagnet Properties by the Host Lattice
Authors: Nehrkorn Joscha , Valuev Igor , Bogomyakov Artem , Suturina Elizaveta , Sheveleva Alena , Ovcharenko Victor , Holldack Karsten , Herrmann Carmen , Fedin Matvey , Schnegg Alexander , Veber Sergey 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Structural control over the magnetic properties of molecular nanomagnets (MNM) is key to bottom up design strategies for novel molecule-based magnetic materials, for e.g. data storage, magnetic cooling or spintronics. Herein, we switch the magnetism of materials made of the single-molecule magnet [CoxZn(1 x)(piv)2(2 NH2 Py)2], by structural changes induced by gradual replacement of complexes containing paramagnetic Co(II) with analogues containing diamagnetic Zn(II). Combining advanced structural and magnetic characterization techniques, we show that a change of the ratio of the two ions induces a change of the Co(II) coordination structure, changed magnetic relaxation times and a switch from easy-plane to easy-axis type magnetic anisotropy. Complementary quantum chemical calculations reveal magneto structural correlations, rationalizing the structural origin of the changed magnetic properties upon magnetic dilution. This approach provides an important new lever to understand, predict and tune the magnetic properties of a large range of MNM based magnetic materials.
Effects of Co-Culture of Graphene Oxide Scaffolds with Different Concentrations and Umbilical Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Stem Cells
Authors: Liu Aifeng , Gong Shuwei , Wei Qiang , Wang Yao , Yuan Ye 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

The main role of the scaffold materials is to enable cells to survive in the scaffold binding as while as to further promote their proliferation and differentiation ability. For mesenchymal stem cell, the scaffold could provide an environment for them to maintain their phenotype, and synthesize all necessary molecules and proteins. Generally, scaffold materials for stem cell need to possess basic characteristics such as high porosity, large surface area, surface rigidity and biodegradability. Thus, the two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) with oxygen-containing functional groups may be suitable scaffold materials for mesenchymal stem cell culture.
Methods

In this study, the effect of GO on the value-added differentiation activity of mesenchymal stem cell was systematically investigated.
Results

It was found that low concentration of GO and sufficient concentration of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are suitable for the second Co-culture. Furthermore, the addition of hyaluronic acid will make this culture more evenly distributed.
Conclusions

The adsorption of GO on umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells can also make the two closely linked, which avoids the impact of animal joint activities on cells.
Effects of medical insurance system and nursing care on the hospitalization cost effectiveness of acute myocardial infarction patients
Authors: Chu Ying-hong , Jiang Gui-hua , Zhang Hong , Luan Xiao-rong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Acute myocardial infarction is still a burden on Chinese patients. Whether different medical insurance system have any influence on the hospitalization cost and therapeutic effect of acute myocardial infarction patient needs further investigation. Methods In this study, 600 patients were stratified by health insurance status to investigate the cost effectiveness. Results Compared with free medical care, patients with other health insurance status have a significantly lower age (P ˂ 0.05~0.001), the youngest of which is new rural cooperative medical system. The hospital expense, nursing fee, length of stay, daily hospitalization cost, daily drug cost, daily nursing cost and percent of nursing cost of different health insurance status were statistically significant. ANCOVA analyses controlling for age showed that the differences of hospital expenses, nursing fee, length of stay and daily hospitalization cost were still statistically significant. Further studies found that health insurance status was the leading factors influencing length of stay (β =-0.305, P=0.0000001), nursing costs (β =-0.319, P=0.004), daily hospitalization costs (β =0.296, P=0.0001) and occurrence of clinical events (β =-0.186, OR=0.830, 95%CI 0.694-0.993, P=0.041). Conclusions The hospitalization cost, length of stay, nursing work and therapeutic effect of acute myocardial infarction patients are affected by different health insurance status and age.
Mapping Spatial Variation of The Stomach, Esophageal and Lung Cancers and Their Shared Risk Factors in Iran at a County Level
Authors: Ghasemi Shadi , Dreassi Emanuela , Aghamohammadi Saeedeh , Mahaki Behzad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Disease mapping has a long history in epidemiology. Evaluating the spatial pattern of several diseases, as well as shared and specific risk factors in mortality, is considered as one of the applications of disease mapping. Stomach, esophageal, and lung cancers are among the five most common cancers among both genders in Iran, but no study is available on the spatial distribution of their mortality rate in Iran. The present study aimed to investigate the geographical distribution of the relative risk of mortality and to define the spatial pattern of shared and specific risk factors for the above-mentioned three cancers by sharing their mortality data at the county level in Iran.Method: This study analyzed the mortality data of stomach, esophageal, and lung cancers in Iran from March 2013 - March 2015. The Besag, York, and Mollie’s (BYM) model and Shared Component (SC) models were used for investigating the spatial changes of cancer mortality and determining the spatial pattern of their shared and specific risk factors. Data analysis was conducted using R and OpenBUGS software.Results: The number of deaths for the esophageal, stomach, and lung cancers in Iran from March 2013 -March 2014, was 11,720 of which stomach and lung cancers were 50% and 30%, respectively. The spatial pattern of the stomach and esophageal cancer mortality was more similar to that of lung cancer due to the risk factors shared only between esophageal and stomach cancers.Conclusion: The effects of smoking on lung cancer mortality were higher than the other two cancers. The available data indicated that esophageal cancer mortality was more affected by nutritional factors than stomach cancer mortality in Iran. The effect of nutritional factors on stomach and esophageal cancer mortality in the northern half of Iran was higher than the southern half. As a result, the relative risk of these cancers mortality in the southern half was more affected by smoking than nutritional factors.
An Efficient Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol for IoT-Enabled Devices in Distributed Cloud Computing Architecture
Authors: Huang Huihui , Lu Siqi , Wu Zehui , Wei Qiang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
With the widespread use of Internet of Things and cloud computing in smart cities, various security and privacy challenges may be encountered. The most basic problem is authentication between each application. Recently, in order to prevent counterfeiting attacks in the protocol of Amin et al.(2018), Kang et al. improved an authentication protocol for IoT-Enabled devices in a distributed cloud computing environment (2020). However, We found that the Kang et al.'s protocol still has a fatal vulnerability, that is, it is attacked by offline password guessing, and malicious users can easily obtain the master key of the control server. In this article, we extend their work to design a lightweight pseudonym identity based authentication and key agreement protocol using smart card. For illustrating the security of our protocol, we used the security protocol analysis tools of AVISPA and Scyther to prove that the protocol can defend against various existing attacks. We will further analyze the interaction between participants authentication path to ensure security protection from simulated attacks detailedly. In addition, based on the comparison of security functions and computing performance, our protocol is superior to the other two related protocols. As a result, the enhanced protocol will be efficient and secure in distributed cloud computing architecture for smart city.
Predicting future regional tau accumulation in asymptomatic and early Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Giorgio Joseph , Jagust William , Baker Suzanne , Landau Susan , Tino Peter , Kourtzi Zoe 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The earliest stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) involve interactions between multiple pathophysiological processes. Although these processes are well studied, we still lack robust tools to predict individualised trajectories of disease progression. Here, we employ a robust and interpretable machine learning approach to combine multimodal biological data and predict future tau accumulation, translating predictive information from deep phenotyping cohorts at early stages of AD to cognitively normal individuals. In particular, we use machine learning to quantify interactions between key pathological markers (β-amyloid, medial temporal atrophy, tau and APOE 4) at early and asymptomatic stages of AD. We next derive a predictive index that stratifies individuals based on future pathological tau accumulation, highlighting two critical features for optimal clinical trial design. First, future tau accumulation provides a better outcome measure compared to changes in cognition. Second, stratification based on multimodal data compared to β-amyloid alone reduces the sample size required to detect a clinically meaningful change in tau accumulation. Further, we extend our machine learning approach to derive individualised trajectories of future pathological tau accumulation in early AD patients and accurately predict regional future rate of tau accumulation in an independent sample of cognitively unimpaired individuals. Our results propose a robust approach for fine scale stratification and prognostication with translation impact for clinical trial design at asymptomatic and early stages of AD.
Association of Whole Blood Copper and Preeclampsia: A Cohort Study in China
Authors: Xu Huan Ying , Chen Ying , Wu Su Zhen , Zhu Qiao Ling , Chen Yu , Tan Min Hua , Zhang Miao Miao , Ou Qi Xin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Preeclampsia is a leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. The associations between whole blood copper and pre-eclampsia were controversial. Our study was aimed to investigate the association between whole blood copper concentration and preeclampsia in pregnant woman in China.Methods This retrospective cohort study was conducted between August 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 in a comprehensive tertiary hospital in Foshan city Guangdong Province, China. We measured copper concentration in maternal whole blood in 12-27 (+6) week of pregnancy, using flame atomic absorption spectrometer. We ascertained preeclampsia diagnosis from electronic medical records system. Covariates included demographic, offspring characteristics, serum biomarkers. Logistic regression was applied to explore the association between the concentration of trace element and preeclampsia.Results A total of 2134 participants were included, 57 (2.67%) women developed preeclampsia. In the multivariate regression models, per1 SD increment in copper was associated with 28% lower risk of preeclampsia (OR=0.72, 95% CI: 0.54-0.95). After Propensity-Score Matching with similar age at delivery and prepregnancy BMI,per1 SD increment in copper was associated with 28% lower risk of preeclampsia (OR=0.70,95% CI:0.51-0.97). We observed some extent evidence of a dose–response trend for Cu (P for trend=0.0321) quintiles. And the result was sustained in mild and severe preeclampsia. Conclusions women with higher blood concentration of copper may associated with lower preeclampsia. More well designed studies are needed for the interpretation of these findings.
Hydro Chemical Analysis and Suitability Determination for Irrigation for Ground Water near Solid Waste Dump Site at Pune
Authors: Nihalani S. A. , Behede S. N. , Meeruty A. R. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Over exploitation and pollution of groundwater resources is considered to one of the major pollution problems these days. Even pollution of air, surface water or land may have a significant effect on pollution and contamination of ground water. Industries, human activities, agriculture, etc generate waste in various forms like solid, liquid and gas. If all this waste is not treated properly, it shall result polluting the environment and further affecting the quality of ground water due to its hydraulic connectivity with the hydrological cycle. In addition, leachate resulting from municipal or industrial solid waste dump site as well agricultural run-off also leads to ground water pollution. It has been estimated that around 45 million people globally are affected by water pollution resulting from excess iron, fluoride, arsenic, or sea water intrusion. The current study deals with physico-chemical analysis of ground water samples and suitability determination of water by using water quality index and Piper diagram for solid waste dump site near Pune. Water samples were collected from open wells as well as bore wells for pre-monsoon and post monsoon season and results were evaluated using residual sodium carbonate, sodium hazard, sodium adsorption ratio, and piper diagram. It can be inferred that, Ca-Cl type of water predominates the study area for both pre-monsoon as well as post-monsoon season.
Bronchopulmonary and Cardiovascular Pathology in Asthmatic Patient with Paecilomycosis
Authors: Sizova Zhana M. , Akhunov Vasili M. , Azimzadeh Amir A. , Lavrentieva Tatyana P. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: This research aims to investigate the role of Paecilomyces fungus infection in pathologies of bronchopulmonary and cardiovascular systems in patients having bronchial asthma. Methods: Histopathological study of lungs and cardiac tissues, in patients having bronchial asthma and Paecilomyces infection, were studied based on 15 autopsies: 5 women and 10 men, aged between 18 and 77 years, who died of intractable asthma attack and acute cardiovascular insufficiency. All the histological, histochemical, morphological, bacteriological and mycological examinations were performed. Paraffin sections from different tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and differential methods were used to detect fungi in the tissue.Results: Microscopic examination in the lungs revealed the following observations: vascular congestion, extension of venules and capillaries, spasm of arterioles, swelling of endothelial cells with a tendency to desquamation and increased permeability of the vascular wall with fungal cells in the perivascular space. Changes in vascular walls were characterized by a pattern of destructive and productive vasculitis at different stages of development from endovasculitis to panvasculitis resulting in sclerosis. The same type of changes was found in vascular walls of heart tissues and tissues of other organs, distinguished only at different times. Sclerosis of the vascular wall and perivascular tissue are manifestations of the inflammatory protective response of the host organism, limiting the further spread of the pathogen in the organ tissues. Conclusions: The development of combined vascular pathology of the bronchopulmonary and cardiovascular systems in bronchial asthma is triggered by hematogenic infection caused by dimorphic Paecilomyces fungi.
General practitioner experiences using a low back pain management booklet aiming to decrease non-indicated imaging for low back pain
Authors: Jenkins Hazel J , Moloney Niamh A , French Simon D , Maher Chris G , Dear Blake F , Magnussen John S , Hancock Mark J 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Imaging is overused in the management of low back pain and effective interventions to decrease use have not been developed. An intervention, incorporating a low back pain management booklet and practitioner training session, to reduce non-indicated imaging for low back pain has been developed based on theories of behaviour change. This study aimed to explore general medical practitioner experiences using the low back pain management booklet in clinical practice to 1) determine the adoption, feasibility of use, and appropriateness of the booklet; and 2) identify implementation strategies to address barriers to use.Methods Fourteen general medical practitioners were recruited and trained to use the booklet with low back pain patients over a minimum five-month period. Quantitative data on use of the booklet were collected and analysed descriptively. Qualitative data were collected in general medical practitioner interviews and thematically analysed. Barriers to use were identified and mapped to suitable implementation strategies using the Behaviour Change Wheel. Results The 14 general medical practitioners used the booklet with 73 patients. General medical practitioners thought using the booklet helped improve patient management and helped reduce pressure to refer for non-indicated imaging. Facilitators for using the booklet included patient’s requesting imaging and lower practitioner confidence in managing low back pain. Barriers included accessible storage and remembering to use the booklet. Implementation strategies were identified to increase adoption and feasibility of use, including development of a digital version of the booklet.Conclusions General medical practitioners reported that the low back pain management booklet was useful for clinical practice, particularly with patients requesting imaging. Barriers to use were identified and implementation strategies to address these barriers will be incorporated into future effectiveness studies. This study forms one of a series of studies to develop and test an intervention to reduce non-indicated imaging for low back pain; a successful intervention would decrease healthcare costs and improve patient management.