bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Case of Simultaneous Star and Planet Formation
Authors: Alves Felipe O. , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Girart Josep M. , Zhu Zhaohuan , Franco Gabriel A. P. , Zurlo Alice , Caselli Paola 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
While it is widely accepted that planets are formed in protoplanetary disks, there is still much debate on when this process happens. In a few cases protoplanets have been directly imaged, but for the vast majority of systems, disk gaps and cavities—seen especially in dust continuum observations—have been the strongest evidence of recent or ongoing planet formation. We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of a nearly edge-on (i = 75°) disk containing a giant gap seen in dust but not in 12CO gas. Inside the gap, the molecular gas has a warm (100 K) component coinciding in position with a tentative free–free emission excess observed with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. Using 1D hydrodynamic models, we find the structure of the gap is consistent with being carved by a planet with 4–70 M
Jup. The coincidence of free–free emission inside the planet-carved gap points to the planet being very young and/or still accreting. In addition, the 12CO observations reveal low-velocity large-scale filaments aligned with the disk major axis and velocity coherent with the disk gas that we interpret as ongoing gas infall from the local interstellar medium. This system appears to be an interesting case where both a star (from the environment and the disk) and a planet (from the disk) are growing in tandem.
Double-peaked Pulse Profile of FRB 200428: Synchrotron Maser Emission from Magnetized Shocks Encountering a Density Jump
Authors: Xiao Di , Dai Zi-Gao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Very recently a fast radio burst (FRB) 200428 associated with a strong X-ray burst from the Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154 was detected; this provides direct evidence supporting the magnetar progenitor models of FRBs. Assuming that the FRB radiation mechanism is synchrotron maser emission from magnetized shocks, we develop a specific scenario by introducing a density-jump structure of upstream medium, thus making the double-peaked character of FRB 200428 a natural outcome. The luminosity and emission frequency of two pulses can be well explained in this scenario. Furthermore, we find that the synchrotron emission of shock-accelerated electrons is in the X-ray band, and therefore can be responsible for at least a portion of observed X-ray fluence. With the proper upgrade, in the future this density-jump scenario could be applied to FRBs with multiple peaks.
Heavy-element Abundances in P-rich Stars: A New Site for the s-process?
Authors: Masseron T. , García-Hernández D. A. , Zamora O. , Manchado A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The recently discovered phosphorus-rich stars pose a challenge to stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis theory, as none of the existing models can explain their extremely peculiar chemical abundances pattern. Apart from the large phosphorus enhancement, such stars also show enhancement in other light (O, Mg, Si, and Al) and heavy (e.g., Ce) elements. We have obtained high-resolution optical spectra of two optically bright phosphorus-rich stars (including a new P-rich star), for which we have determined a larger number of elemental abundances (from C to Pb). We confirm the unusual light-element abundance pattern with very large enhancements of Mg, Si, Al, and P, and possibly some Cu enhancement, but the spectrum of the new P-rich star are the only ones to reveal some C(+N) enhancement. When compared to other appropriate metal-poor and neutron-capture enhanced stars, the two P-rich stars show heavy-element overabundances similar to low neutron density s-process nucleosynthesis, with high first-peak (Sr, Y, and Zr) and second-peak (Ba, La, Ce, and Nd) element enhancements (even some Pb enhancement in one star) and a negative [Rb/Sr] ratio. However, this s-process is distinct from the one occurring in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. The notable distinctions encompass larger [Ba/La] and lower Eu and Pb than their AGB counterparts. Our observations should guide stellar nucleosynthesis theoreticians and observers to identify the P-rich star progenitor, which represents a new site for s-process nucleosynthesis, with important implications for the chemical evolution of our Galaxy.
Multi-criteria analysis of the efficiency of scenarios for the development of the Russian nuclear industry in view of the uncertain prospects for the future
Authors: Zrodnikov Anatoly V. , Korobeynikov Valery V. , Moseev Andrey L. , Egorov Aleksandr F. 
Published: November 2020

Multi-criteria analysis is used in many areas of research where it is required to compare several alternatives according to a selected set of criteria. Of particular interest is the application of this method for a comparative assessment of the efficiency of scenarios for the development of innovative nuclear systems.
The article proposes an approach to the computational substantiation of the step-by-step transfer of the Russian nuclear industry to a two-component nuclear energy system (NES) with a centralized closed nuclear fuel cycle (NFC) based on the multi-criteria analysis method. At the same time, consideration is given to options for the development of the domestic nuclear industry in view of the uncertain prospects for the future. Taking into account various trends in the nuclear energy development, the authors identify the following three groups of possible scenarios. The first group includes ‘growing’ scenarios in which the number of units and their total installed capacity grow over time. The second group assumes that after a certain time of growth of the installed capacities, the stationary level will be reached, in which there will be no time-dependent capacity changes. The third group simulates a decrease in the installed nuclear energy capacities in the country after some growth.
To select the most preferable ways of technological development and assess the efficiency of a nuclear energy system, a limited set of selection criteria and performance indicators are used, covering the economy, export potential, competitiveness, efficient SNF and RW management, natural uranium consumption, and innovative development potential. An important part of this work was a detailed analysis of the uncertainties in the weights and input data used to derive the criteria.
Development of a criterion for assessment of fuel washout during operation of WWER power units
Authors: Evdokimov Igor A. , Khromov Andrey G. , Kalinichev Petr M. , Likhanskii Vladimir V. , Kovalishin Aleksey A. , Laletin Mikhail N. 
Published: November 2020

Fuel failures may occur during operation of nuclear power plants. One of the possible and most severe consequences of a fuel failure is that fuel may be washed out from the leaking fuel rod into the coolant.
Reliable detection of fuel washout is important for handling of leaking fuel assemblies after irradiation is over. Detection of fuel washout is achievable in the framework of coolant activity evaluation during reactor operation. For this purpose, 134I activity is historically used in WWER power units. However, observed 134I activity may increase during operation even if leaking fuel in the core is absent, and fuel deposits are the only source of the fission products release.
The paper describes a criterion which enables to reveal the cases when the increase in 134I activity results from the fuel washout from the leaking fuel rods during operation of the WWER-type reactor. Some examples of applications at nuclear power plants are discussed.
The Effect of Age on Binocular Vision Normative Values
Authors: Sánchez-González María Carmen , Sánchez-González José-María , De-Hita-Cantalejo Concepción , Vega-Holm Margarita , Jiménez-Rejano José-Jesús , Gutiérrez-Sánchez Estanislao 
Published: November 2020

Purpose:
To establish a relationship between age and horizontal heterophoria, horizontal fusional vergence amplitudes, and vergence facility testing.

Methods:
The sample consisted of 112 patients with a mean age of 39.8 ± 14.97 years (range: 18 to 65 years) and was composed of 61 women (54.5%) and 51 men (45.5%). The non-presbyopic group included patients 18 to 39 years old (n = 49) and the presbyopic group included patients 41 to 65 years old (n = 63). Binocular vision was studied by heterophoria horizontal magnitude (prism diopters [PD]), horizontal fusional vergences amplitudes (PD), and vergence facility testing (cycles per minute [cpm]) and quantified with a combination of 3 PD base-in and 12 PD base-out prisms.

Results:

Significant differences were obtained in near heterophoria with compensation (exophoria increased by 3.74 PD,
t
= 2.12,
P
< .05), distance positive fusional vergence (PFV) recovery (decreased by 2.86 PD,
t
= 3.03,
P
< .01), near PFV blur (decreased by 3.13 PD,
t
= 1.98,
P
= .05), near PFV break (decreased by 4.45 PD,
t
= 2.75,
P
< .01), near PFV recovery (decreased by 4.69 PD,
t
= 3.30,
P
< .01), and vergence facility testing (decreased by 2.63 PD,
t
= 2.77,
P
< .01).

Conclusions:
The results indicated an increase of exophoria, a decrease in near positive horizontal fusional vergences, and vergence facility was dependent on age; thus, the authors suggest that changes in the normal values should be considered for each age range.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2020;57(6):363–371.]
Treatment of Intraretinal Cystic Spaces Associated With Gyrate Atrophy of the Choroid and Retina With Intravitreal Bevacizumab
Authors: Elnahry Ayman G. , Aboulfotouh Mohamed R. , Nassar Ghada A. 
Published: November 2020

Purpose:
To evaluate the use of intravitreal bevacizumab injections for the treatment of intraretinal cystic spaces associated with gyrate atrophy of the choroid and retina.

Methods:
Retrospective chart review of 5 eyes of 3 patients with intraretinal cystic spaces associated with gyrate atrophy and treated with intravitreal bevacizumab injections was performed. Information obtained included history, examination findings, optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography, fluorescein angiography, and microperimetric findings before and after the injections.

Results:

The mean age of patients was 11 ± 4.6 years. All patients received three monthly bevacizumab injections. The mean corrected distance visual acuity was 0.27 ± 0.10 at baseline and improved to 0.36 ± 0.12 after the injections (
P
= .015). The mean central macular thickness was 569 ± 127 µm at baseline and improved to 422 ± 123 µm after the injections (
P
= .067). Microperimetry and OCT angiography performed in 1 patient before and after the three injections showed improved macular sensitivity and vascular density measurements following the injections.

Conclusions:
Intravitreal bevacizumab is safe and effective in the treatment of intraretinal cystic spaces associated with gyrate atrophy.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2020;57(6):400–406.]
Normative Data Assessment of Peripapillary and Macular Vessel Density and Foveal Avascular Zone Metrics Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Children
Authors: Kiziltoprak Hasan , Tekin Kemal , Cevik Seda , Kocer Ali Mert , Goker Yasin Sakir 
Published: November 2020

Purpose:
To quantify the vessel density of the macula and optic disc and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in healthy children and to evaluate the effects of age, gender, axial length, body mass index (BMI), and refractive errors on vessel density and FAZ.

Methods:
This study enrolled 92 eyes of 92 participants (42 boys and 50 girls). Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was performed using AngioVue (Avanti; Optivue). FAZ area, nonflow area, superficial and deep vessel density, FAZ perimeter, acircularity index of FAZ, foveal density, and radial peripapillary capillary vessel density were analyzed by gender. Correlations between the investigated OCTA parameters and age, axial length, and BMI were evaluated.

Results:

Girls had significantly larger nonflow and FAZ area than boys (
P
= .01 and .02). Superficial and deep vessel density at the fovea was significantly higher in boys compared to girls (
P
= .01 and .03). Inferior temporal and superior temporal Radial peripapillary capillary vessel densities were significantly higher in girls than boys (
P
= .01 and .03). No significant difference was found in the macular and optic disc vessel density measurements within refractive groups (
P
> .05, for all). Regarding the correlation of age with FAZ and vessel density parameters, only nonflow area was positively correlated with age (
r
= 0.22,
P
= .03).

Conclusions:
This study provides normative data for children. Although boys had greater foveal vessel density, girls had greater FAZ area and nonflow area. Refractive status of the eye and BMI did not influence the OCTA parameters. Although nonflow area was positively correlated with age, other parameters were steady within the ages of 7 to 18 years.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2020;57(6):388–398.]
Compétences communicationnelles et pratiques numériques des « musiciens connectés »
Authors: COSTANTINI Stéphane 
Published: November 2020

Depuis les années 2000, l’émergence de nouveaux acteurs issus des industries de la communication a été suivie de profonds bouleversements au sein des industries de la musique. Cet article propose d’interroger les enjeux qu’implique chez les musiciens la formation de compétences communicationnelles sur Internet et les réseaux socionumériques. Le déploiement par les musiciens de logiques d’actions qui tendent à se rapprocher de celles de l’animation de communauté fait apparaître de nouveaux enjeux dans la diffusion et la promotion des activités musicales. Afin de cerner ces enjeux, le travail empirique mené s’est notamment appuyé sur une analyse des discours et des pratiques des musiciens en France et au Royaume-Uni. Les résultats de ces analyses suggèrent que les pratiques communicationnelles des musiciens observés les incitent à adopter une posture d’entrepreneur de leur visibilité, une posture qui se révèle controversée à plus d’un égard.
L’expérience de la musique en régime numérique : continuité ou disruption ?
Authors: GUERN Philippe LE 
Published: November 2020

S’appuyant sur les nombreux travaux antérieurs que l’auteur a pu consacrer au passage de l’analogique au numérique en musique, cet article revient sur la notion de virage numérique. En effet, par comparaison avec l’ère analogique de la production culturelle, les technologies numériques et leur généralisation semblent avoir fait sauter un certain nombre de verrous économiques, pratiques et symboliques. En particulier, elles favoriseraient l’augmentation de la population des artistes, en réduisant les coûts d’entrée sur le marché de l’art et en maximisant les possibilités d’accès à la notoriété grâce aux réseaux sociaux ; elles accroîtraient le bien-être social des publics en augmentant le nombre et l’accessibilité des œuvres produites ; elles effaceraient la hiérarchie des œuvres en favorisant les esthétiques de l’hybridation et de la décontextualisation. Dès lors, comment intégrer ce changement de paradigme dans le cadre d’une théorie de l’art et de l’histoire de l’art ? Comment penser la portée anthropologique des transformations induites par les mutations techniques ?
Sleep disturbances in children with autism spectrum disorder in Lahore, Pakistan; a cross-sectional study
Authors: Usman Baig  , Mehdi Syed Muslim , Hafiz Muhammad Imtiaz Afzal  , Admin  
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objective: To assess the frequency of insomnia and other sleep disturbances among children with autism spectrum disorder.
Methods: Sleep disturbance scale for children was used in this descriptive cross-sectional study and the parents were asked to fill out the questionnaire along with the consent form. Initial sample size was 97, out of which 93 were included in study. The research was approved by institutional ethics committee of Sharif medical and Dental College.
Results: This study showed that 37 (39.8%) children had at least one type of the sleeping disorder. Most common type were insomnia 24 (25.8%) and sleep-awake transition disorders 15 (16.1%), less common were disorders of arousal 10 (10.8%), disorders of excessive somnolence 7 (7.5%), sleep hyperhidrosis 5 (5.4%) and sleep breathing disorders 4 (4.3%).
Conclusion: Nearly forty percent of children with autism spectrum disorder suffer from sleep disorders, among which the most frequent was insomnia.
Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder, insomnia, sleep disorders, children
Sports Fandom: Reflection of a Cultural Mosaic
Authors: Sundararajan Siddharth 
Published: November 2020

This paper explores the origins of sports fandom and the various factors that impact it. It reports results from an experiment which measures support of two NBA teams based in New York City. Interviews of random samples were collected, totalling 234 entries, with key demographic features collected from each interviewee. The analysis reveals that there are differences in fandom with respect to certain demographic features, especially race, age, and location. It shows that Black people are more than 3.5 times as likely to support the Nets over the Knicks, and that young people are 2 times as likely to support the Nets. The further way from New York a person was born, the less likely they are to support the Nets. People living in Manhattan are less likely to support the Nets. Overall, the data highlights how personal choices can be influenced by factors you can’t control, and the results expose a divide within the melting pot in the City of Dreams.
American Corporate Capitalism's Effect on Adolescent Psychology
Authors: Weaver Abigail , Weaver Abigail 
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify how the cultural norms of American Corporate Capitalism affect the psychological behaviors of American adolescents between the ages of thirteen and seventeen. Prior research shows a considerable correlation between consumerist habits and youth; however, studies failed to recognize the strategies corporations utilize to influence such behaviors in children. Data was collected through a content and meta-analysis in which multiple sources were applied to the focus of the current research based on the importance of the topics presented. Due to the nature of my research, I focused on the results of studies revolving around mental health, self efficacy, materialism, consumerism, and American Corporate Capitalism. Initial results showed a considerable link between the level of consumerism to a child’s wellbeing as well as how businesses utilize psychological tactics to adhere to those specific groups. The persuasion tactics utilized have been instilled in societal culture so thoroughly to where it nearly reflects a person’s self worth. Therefore, the conclusion can be made that the culture instituted through the system of American Corporate Capitalism has created negative behaviors within the youth of America. However, this is limited to describing how it correlates with psychological behaviors and does not focus on how adolescents choose to address it, whether through avoidance or acceptance. Future research should focus on how children interact with the persuasion tactics of big corporations; what their neurological responses are that could be curtailed to avoid such negative implications.
Approaching Stock Market Trading with Echo State Networks
Authors: Patel Dev , Patel Krish , Dela Cuesta Charles 
Published: November 2020

The US stock market is an integral part of modern society. Nearly 55% of Americans own corporate shares in the US stock market (What Percentage of Americans Own Stock?, 2019), and as of June 30th, 2020, the total value of the US stock market was over 35 trillion USD (Total Market Value of U.S. Stock Market, 2020). The stock market is also extremely volatile, and many people have gone bankrupt from poor investments. To minimize the risk and capitalize off the massive amounts of data on corporations and share prices present in the world, algorithmic trading began to rise. Trading algorithms have the potential for huge returns, and while many algorithms employ strategies like Long-Short Equity, very few attempt to use machine learning due to the unpredictable nature of the stock market. Many time series prediction models like autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), and even neural networks like long short term memory (LSTMs) often fail when predicting stock market data, because unlike other time series data, the stock market is almost never univariate, or follows seasonal trends. However, where other models come short, echo state networks (ESNs) excel, due to their reservoir like computing model, which allows them to perform better on messy, non traditional time series data. Using a combination of ESNs to predict prices, and clustering we created an algorithm model that can predict trends with over 95% confidence, but had mixed results accurately predicting returns.
KAMPANYE KB DI DUSUN MARGAMULYA DESA CIKUNIR KECAMATAN SINGAPARNA KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA TAHUN 2017
Authors: Apriasih Hapi , Rahmidini Annisa , Susanti Santi , Yunie Chanty 
Published: November 2020

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan penduduk terbanyak di dunia. Ledakan penduduk ini terjadi karena laju pertumbuhan penduduk yang sangat tinggi. Kondisi ini jelas menimbulkan dua sisi yang berbeda. Disatu sisi kondisi tersebut bisa menjadi salah satu kekuatan yang besar untuk Indonesia. Tetapi di satu sisi kondisi tersebut menyebabkan beban negara menjadi semakin besar. Selain menjadi beban negara juga menimbulkan permasalahan lain. Banyaknya jumlah penduduk yang tidak disertai dengan ketersediaan lapangan pekerjaan yang mampu menampung seluruh angkatan kerja bisa menimbulkan pengangguran, kriminalitas, yang bersinggungan pula dengan rusaknya moralitas masyarakat.
Karena berhubungan dengan tinggi rendahnya beban negara untuk memberikan penghidupan yang layak kepada setiap warga negaranya, maka pemerintah memberikan serangkaian usaha untuk menekan laju pertumbuhan penduduk agar tidak terjadi ledakan penduduk yang lebih besar. Salah satu cara yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah adalah dengan menggalakkan program KB (Keluarga Berencana). Program KB pertama kali dilaksanakan pada masa pemerintahan Soeharto yaitu saat Orde Baru. Melalui KB masyarakat diharuskan untuk membatasi jumlah kelahiran anak, yaitu setiap keluarga memiliki maksimal dua anak. Tidak tanggung-tanggung, KB diberlakukan kepada seluruh lapisan masyarakat, dari lapisan bawah hingga lapisan atas dalam masyarakat. Oleh sebab itu laporan ini disusun untuk mengetahui seluk beluk mengenai penyelenggaraan KB di Indonesia, mulai dari sejarah, proses pelaksanaan, kelebihan dan kekurangan dari KB, serta dampak positif maupun dampak negatf dari pelaksanaan KB.