bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of chain polarity of hindered phenol on the damping properties of polymer-based hybrid materials: insights into the molecular mechanism
Authors: Hu Qiaoman , Wang Junhui , Xu Kangming , Zhou Hongdi , Huang Yue , Chen Jinlei 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
For hindered phenol (HP)/polymer-based hybrid damping materials, the damping properties are greatly affected by the structure variation of HPs. However, the unclear relationship between them limits the exploitation of such promising materials. Therefore, three HPs with different chain polarity were synthesized to explore the relationship in this paper. The structures of the HPs were firstly confirmed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrum, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). For further prepared HP/polyurethane hybrids, FT-IR and XRD were also adopted to confirm the hydrogen bonding interactions and micromorphologies. And, Molecular dynamics simulation was further used to characterize the effects of polarity variation on the hydrogen bonding interactions and chain packing of the hybrids in a quantitative manner. Then, combined with dynamic mechanical analysis, the relationship between the chain polarity variation of the hindered phenols and the damping properties was established.
Fabrication and evaluation of polylactic acid/pectin composite scaffold via freeze extraction for tissue engineering
Authors: Hamzah Mohd Syahir Anwar , Razak Saiful Izwan Abd , Kadir Mohammed Rafiq Abdul , Bohari Siti Pauliena Mohd , Nayan Nadirul Hasraf Mat , Thangaraj Anand Joseph Sahaya 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This work reports the fabrication and characterizations of porous scaffold made up of polylactic acid (PLA) with the inclusion of pectin (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 wt%) for potential tissue engineering material. The composite scaffold was prepared using a facile method of freeze extraction. Based on the physical evaluations, the scaffold was suggested to be optimum at 5 wt% of pectin loading. Water contact angle of the scaffold was significantly reduced to 46.5o with the inclusion of 5 wt% of pectin. Morphological and topographic of the PLA scaffold revealed that the pectin induced more porous structure and its surface became rougher which was suitable for cell attachment and proliferation. In vitro studies of the PLA/pectin composite scaffold using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromidelt (MTT) assay revealed good biocompatibility whereas Live-Dead kit assay resulted in 91% cell viability after 7 days of incubation.
Structure-properties relationship for energy storage redox polymers: a review
Authors: Chundawat Narendra Singh , Pande Nishigandh , Sargazi Ghasem , Gholipourmalekabadi Mazaher , Chauhan Narendra Pal Singh 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Redox-active polymers among the energy storage materials (ESMs) are very attractive due to their exceptional advantages such as high stability and processability as well as their simple manufacturing. Their applications are found to useful in electric vehicle, ultraright computers, intelligent electric gadgets, mobile sensor systems, and portable intelligent clothing. They are found to be more efficient and advantageous in terms of superior processing capacity, quick loading unloading, stronger security, lengthy life cycle, versatility, adjustment to various scales, excellent fabrication process capabilities, light weight, flexible, most significantly cost efficiency, and non-toxicity in order to satisfy the requirement for the usage of these potential applications. The redox-active polymers are produced through organic synthesis, which allows the design and free modification of chemical constructions, which allow for the structure of organic compounds. The redox-active polymers can be finely tuned for the desired ESMs applications with their chemical structures and electrochemical properties. The redox-active polymers synthesis also offers the benefits of high-scale, relatively low reaction, and a low demand for energy. In this review we discussed the relationship between structural properties of different polymers for solar energy and their energy storage applications.
Effect of interfacial modification on the thermo-mechanical properties of flax reinforced polylactide stereocomplex composites
Authors: Zhang Huihui , Li Yuzeng , Yang Gesheng , Yu Minmin , Shao Huili 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The flax and equivalent proportion of poly(L-lactic acid)/poly(d-lactic acid) (PLLA/PDLA) were melt compounded and injection molded to prepare flax reinforced polylactide stereocomplex (sc-PLA) bio-composite, and two different coupling agents, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP), were used to modify the interface of composite, then the influence of different interfacial modification on the structure and properties of composite was investigated. The results showed HMDI modification decreased the total crystallinity of composite but promoted the formation of stereocomplex crystallites (sc), whereas MAPP modification could improve both the total crystallinity and sc crystallinity. HMDI modification significantly improved the interfacial compatibility of composite, and thereby effectively improved the tensile strength and initial storage modulus of composite. By contrast, the interfacial compatibility of flax/sc-PLA composite was weakened by MAPP modification. Although the tensile properties of flax/sc-PLA/MAPP composite decreased, the impact strength of composite was increased by 12.1% than the unmodified composite. Therefore, the tailored flax/sc-PLA composite with varying properties could be prepared by different interfacial modification.
Study on the interface morphology in the induction welding joint of PEEK plate at low power
Authors: Ma Wanping , Zhan Xiaohong , Yang Hongyan , Bu Hengchang , Li Yun , Wang Feiyun 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Induction welding is an important joining technique with potentially significant application in the connection of the Poly Ether Ether Ketone (PEEK). The present research employs the metal mesh as induction components into the induction welding of PEEK plate to PEEK plate at low power successfully. Besides, the examinations and analyses of macro/micro-structures, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and mechanical tensile properties of the joints are conducted. Meanwhile, the characteristics and formation mechanisms of the lap-welded interface structures are interpreted in detail. The results indicate that the interface morphology of the welded joint is of high quality at low power, which most of the interface area is tightly connected due to the element diffusion. Besides, the connection mechanism of the joint is bonding connection and mechanical engagement, which plays a major role in a great performance joint. Furthermore, the tensile fracture of the joint occurs in the heat-affected zone, which contributes to a high joint tensile strength.
Extraction and bioprocessing with supercritical fluids
Authors: Coelho José , Trucillo Paolo , Nobre Beatriz , Palavra António Figueiredo , Campardelli Roberta , Reverchon Ernesto 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Supercritical fluid (SCF) technologies have emerged as a real alternative to various natural product extraction processes and pharmaceutical production to obtain micronized particles, coprecipitates, nanocomposite polymer structures and liposomes, in addition to other increasingly larger applications described in literature. In the present work, a brief literature review of the application of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is presented. This is evidenced by several publications and patents, contributions from several countries and the increase of industries around the world dedicated to this technique. Next, we aim to focus the analysis of SFE on a review of the literature applied to microalgae as a substitute primitive feedstock due to its high growth rate, valuable biologically active lipophilic substances, and photosynthetic efficiency without competition with food sources or needs of arable lands. We finally discussing an SCF bioprocess with a very new perspective for liposome production focalized on its potential at industrial scale.
Halogened hydrocarbons – current trends
Authors: Staszak Katarzyna 
Published: May 2020

AbstractCurrent trends in industrial synthesis of selected halogened hydrocarbons (HHCs) were presented in detail. Special emphasis was put on the most popular compounds, such as chloromethanes (CH3Cl, CH2Cl2, CHCl3, CCl4), chloroethene (vinyl chloride H2C = CHCl), chlorobenzene, 1-4-dichlorbenzene and epichlorohydrin. The possibility methods of modification technologies based on literature information were also reported. Presented simple schema, with production conditions, should be helpful in understanding the issues discussed.
Domains and domain walls in multiferroics
Authors: Evans Donald M. , Garcia Vincent , Meier Dennis , Bibes Manuel 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Multiferroics are materials combining several ferroic orders, such as ferroelectricity, ferro- (or antiferro-) magnetism, ferroelasticity and ferrotoroidicity. They are of interest both from a fundamental perspective, as they have multiple (coupled) non-linear functional responses providing a veritable myriad of correlated phenomena, and because of the opportunity to apply these functionalities for new device applications. One application is, for instance, in non-volatile memory, which has led to special attention being devoted to ferroelectric and magnetic multiferroics. The vision is to combine the low writing power of ferroelectric information with the easy, non-volatile reading of magnetic information to give a “best of both worlds” computer memory. For this to be realised, the two ferroic orders need to be intimately linked via the magnetoelectric effect. The magnetoelectric coupling – the way polarization and magnetization interact – is manifested by the formation and interactions of domains and domain walls, and so to understand how to engineer future devices one must first understand the interactions of domains and domain walls. In this article, we provide a short introduction to the domain formation in ferroelectrics and ferromagnets, as well as different microscopy techniques that enable the visualization of such domains. We then review the recent research on multiferroic domains and domain walls, including their manipulation and intriguing properties, such as enhanced conductivity and anomalous magnetic order. Finally, we discuss future perspectives concerning the field of multiferroic domain walls and emergent topological structures such as ferroelectric vortices and skyrmions.
Bioinformatics analysis of FOLR1 expression, functional enrichment, related signaling pathways and relationship with prognosis in ovarian cancer
Authors: Wang Yan , Li Xiao , Qu Pengpeng 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objective To investigate folate-receptor 1 (FOLR1) expression in ovarian cancer and its association with patient prognosis.

Methods TCGA and Oncomine databases were used to collect data about FOLR1 mRNA expression in multiple carcinomas. FOLR1 mRNA expression levels in ovarian cancer samples and corresponding adjacent normal ovary tissue were compared. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database of FOLR1 and relevant genes. The overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) rates of ovarian cancer patients in high- and low- FOLR1 expression groups were compared by log-rank test. Sixty-six ovarian epithelial carcinoma samples were included in the study, and tumor specimens of the 66 cases were tested for FOLR1 protein expression by an immunohistochemistry assay.

Results
FOLR1 mRNA was significantly elevated in ovarian cancer compared to other carcinomas. FOLR1 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in tumor tissues than in the corresponding normal tissues (P<0.05) of ovarian cancer patients. The PPI network indicated that the local clustering coefficient was 0.898, indicating that the PPI network was enriched significantly (P<0.05). The median PFS values were 22.39 and 19.00 months for lowand high-FOLR1 expression groups, respectively, with significant statistical difference between the two (HR=1.26, 95%CI:1.09-1.45, P<0.05). FOLR1 protein expression was correlated with tumor differentiation (P<0.05) in ovarian cancer patients. However, its levels were not correlated with patient age, tumor diameter, lymph node metastasis or FIGO stage (P>0.05).

Conclusion
FOLR1 is upregulated in epithelial ovarian cancer, and its expression is correlated with patients’ progression free survival, making it a valuable biomarker for prognosis.
Postoperative analgesia effects of sulfentanyl plus dexmedetomidine in patients received VATS
Authors: Jiang Haoyu , Zheng Ying , Liu Chang , Bao Ying 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Background To evaluate sulfentanyl combined with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride on postoperative analgesia in patients who received video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and its effects on serum norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and prostaglandin (PGE2).

Material and Methods Ninety-nine non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who received VATS were included in the study. All the patients received intravenous inhalation compound anesthesia. Of the 99 cases, 49 subjects (control group) received sulfentanyl for patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PICA) and other 50 cases (experiment group) received sulfentanyl combined with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride for PICA after operation of VATS. The analgesic effects of the two groups were evaluated according to Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) and the Bruggrmann Comfort Scale (BCS). The serum pain mediator of NE, DA, 5-HT, and PGE2 were examined and compared between the two groups in the first 24 h post-surgery.

Results The VAS scores for the experiment group were significant lower than that of control group on the time points of 8, 16, and 24 h post-surgery (pall<0.05), and the BCS scores of the experiment group in the time points of 8, 16, and 24 h were significantly higher than that of controls (p<0.05). However, the VAS and BCS scores were not statistical differently in the time point of 1, 2, and 4 h post-surgery (pall>0.05). The mean sulfentanyl dosage was 63.01 ± 5.14 μg and 67.12 ± 6.91 μg for the experiment and control groups respectively with significant statistical difference (p<0.05). The mean analgesic pump pressing times were 4.30 ± 1.31 and 5.31 ± 1.46 for experiment and control groups respectively with significant statistical difference (p<0.05). The serum NE, DA, 5-HT, and PGE2 levels were significantly lower in the experimental group compared to that of control group in the time point of 12 h post-surgery (pall<0.05). The side effects of nausea, vomiting, delirium, rash, and hypotension atrial fibrillation were not statistically different between the two groups (pall>0.05).

Conclusion Patient controlled intravenous analgesia of sulfentanyl combined with dexmedetomidine hydrochloride was effective in reducing the VAS score and serum pain mediators in NSCLC patients who received VAST.
Perovskites (La,Ba)(Fe,Ti)O3: AO7 photocatalysis under visible light
Authors: Rodrigues Ana Sofia , Jorge Maria Estrela Melo , Ciríaco Lurdes , Pacheco Maria José , Lopes Ana 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Perovskites BaTiO3, La0.1Ba0.9TiO3 and BaFeO3 were prepared by different methods and utilized as photo-catalytic material for the degradation of the AO7 dye, with visible light. The toxicity of the treated solutions and the toxicity of perovskite powders that remained in suspension after centrifuged was assessed.
Different catalytic properties were found by changing synthesis methods, annealing conditions, temperature of assay, initial concentration of pollutant and amount of perovskite in suspension. BaTiO3 was prepared by ceramic or complex polymerization methods. This perovskite presents cubic structure, and the preparation method do not seem to have any influence on the unit cell parameter. On the other hand, annealing temperature has a marked influence on the time needed to attain good crystallinity. In the case of BaFeO3 prepared by the ceramic method, for low annealing temperature there is the formation of tetragonal phase, which changes to hexagonal with the increase in annealing temperature, being a Ba2Fe2O5 monoclinic phase involved in this phase transition.
Regarding AO7 photocatalytic degradation, the best results, with almost complete colour removal, were obtained with BaFeO3 (97%), prepared by ceramic method, and with BaTiO3 (78%), prepared by polymer complex method. Toxicity assays towards Daphnia magna were performed with AO7 25 ppm aqueous solution samples, collected in the centrifuged suspensions of the photocatalytic assays, performed with different perovskites, and samples collected in centrifuged suspensions of perovskite powders. In general, there is no increase in toxicity when compared to the toxicity of an AO7 25 ppm aqueous solution. Only in the photodegradation assay with BaFeO3 a clear increase in toxicity was observed, indicating that toxic by-products are being formed.
Grain Orientation Induced Softening in Electrodeposited Gradient Nanostructured Nickel during Cold Rolling Deformation
Authors: Ni Haitao , Wang Lixia , Wang Zhaodong , Zhu Jiang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractQuantitative microstructural evolution and the corresponding microhardness of electrodeposited nanostructured nickel sheet during cold rolling deformation are investigated by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and Vicker’s microhardness testing. Particularly, to investigate the effect of stress states on deformation behavior, two series of gradient nanostructured nickel with symmetric structures and the homogeneous counterparts with three levels of grain size are compared based on macro-statistical data. In such hierarchical sandwich-like gradient samples, the layers with larger grain size, as the soft phase, indeed sustain more deformation. Deformation-induced grain rotation changes are observed in the center layers with a relatively larger grain size, accompanied by an obvious decrease in microhardness. According to the quantitative microstructural parameters including the grain size, dislocation density and stacking fault probability before and after deformation, evaluation based on Hall-Petch and Bailey-Hirsch relationships indicates the transition from strain hardening to softening can be attributed to grain orientation change.
Exposure to persistent organic pollutants during tooth formation: molecular mechanisms and clinical findings
Authors: Bianchi Serena , Bernardi Sara , Belli Manuel , Varvara Giuseppe , Macchiarelli Guido 
Published: May 2020

AbstractPersistent organic pollutants (POPs) constitute a relevant part of environmental pollution. POPs are chemical compounds that persist for a long time in the environment, bio-accumulate in the human body and determine significant adverse consequences to human health. The characteristics of these substances are lipo-affinity, semi-volatility and resistance to the degradation processes. Results deriving from several different studies attest that exposure to the main classes of POPs results in multiple toxic effects on humans and experimental animal models. Among the various alterations caused by exposition to and bio-accumulation of POPs, there are abnormalities in tooth formation and related hard dental tissue structure, especially enamel. This review aimed to describe the close association between the exposure of these compounds during the development of the tooth germ and the occurrence of tooth structural anomalies. Indeed, structural defects of the enamel have as possible consequences higher susceptibility of the tooth to caries disease and higher fragility of the crown to the occlusal trauma.
Continuous exposure to ambient air pollution and chronic diseases: prevalence, burden, and economic costs
Authors: Karimi Seyed M. , Maziyaki Ali , Ahmadian Moghadam Samaneh , Jafarkhani Mahtab , Zarei Hamid , Moradi-Lakeh Maziar , Pouran Hamid 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Studies that assess the connection between the prevalence of chronic diseases and continuous exposure to air pollution are scarce in developing countries, mainly due to data limitations. Largely overcoming data limitations, this study aimed to investigate the association between the likelihood of reporting a set of chronic diseases (diabetes, cancer, stroke and myocardial infarction, asthma, and hypertension) and continuous exposure to carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), and coarse particulate matter (PM10). Using the estimated associations, the disease burden and economic costs of continuous exposure to air pollutants were also approximated. A 2011 Health Equity Assessment and Response Tool survey from Tehran, Iran, was used in the main analyses. A sample of 67,049 individuals who had not changed their place of residence for at least 2 years before the survey and reported all relevant socioeconomic information was selected. The individuals were assigned with the average monthly air pollutant levels of the nearest of 16 air quality monitors during the 2 years leading to the survey. Both single- and multi-pollutant analyses were conducted. The country’s annual household surveys from 2002 to 2011 were used to calculate the associated economic losses. The single-pollutant analysis showed that a one-unit increase in monthly CO (ppm), NO2 (ppb), O3 (ppb), and PM10 (μg/m3) during the 2 years was associated with 751 [confidence interval (CI): 512–990], 18 (CI: 12–24), 46 (CI: −27–120), and 24 (CI: 13–35) more reported chronic diseases in 100,000, respectively. The disease-specific analyses showed that a unit change in average monthly CO was associated with 329, 321, 232, and 129 more reported cases of diabetes, hypertension, stroke and myocardial infarction, and asthma in 100,000, respectively. The measured associations were greater in samples with older individuals. Also, a unit change in average monthly O3 was associated with 21 (in 100,000) more reported cases of asthma. The multi-pollutant analyses confirmed the results from single-pollutant analyses. The supplementary analyses showed that a one-unit decrease in monthly CO level could have been associated with about 208 (CI: 147–275) years of life gained or 15.195 (CI: 10.296–20.094) thousand US dollars (USD) in life-time labor market income gained per 100,000 30-plus-year-old Tehranis.