bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial composition of sweetness-enhanced yoghurt during fermentation and storage
Authors: Luzzi Giuseppina , Brinks Erik , Fritsche Jan , Franz Charles M. A. P. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe reformulation of dairy products to contain less added sugar can contribute to reducing sugar consumption, thereby reducing the risk of non-communicable diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the microbial ecology of reformulated yoghurt, which was produced using bi-enzymatic modification of lactose to increase its sweetness by a factor of 2–3. Ultimately, this reformulation strategy could reduce the amount of added sugar needed for equal sweetness of the end product. The bi-enzymatic modification relied on utilisation of a β-galactosidase enzyme to convert the milk sugar lactose to galactose and glucose, followed by the enzymatic conversion of the glucose moiety to fructose using a glucose isomerase. The microbial ecology of reformulated yoghurt produced with two mixed starter culture preparations containing either Streptococcus (S.) thermophilus and Lactobacillus (Lb.) delbrueckii or S. thermophilus, Lb. acidophilus and Bifidobacterium sp. strains, was analysed during fermentation and cool storage using 16S rRNA based metagenomics. None of the yoghurt samples showed a significant difference in microbial composition between sweetness-enhanced and regular milk at all sampling time points during manufacture and storage of yoghurt. However, a significant difference between the microbiota of inoculated milk before and after fermentation was observed. In both types of yoghurt, the starter culture genera dominated the microbial ecology at the end of fermentation as expected, reducing the possibility of growth of potentially pathogenic or spoilage bacteria possibly resulting from a changed carbohydrate spectrum.
On the mathematical model of Rabies by using the fractional Caputo–Fabrizio derivative
Authors: Aydogan Seher Melike , Baleanu Dumitru , Mohammadi Hakimeh , Rezapour Shahram 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUsing the fractional Caputo–Fabrizio derivative, we investigate a new version of the mathematical model of Rabies disease. Using fixed point results, we prove the existence of a unique solution. We calculate the equilibrium points and check the stability of solutions. We solve the equation by combining the Laplace transform and Adomian decomposition method. In numerical results, we investigate the effect of coefficients on the number of infected groups. We also examine the effect of derivation orders on the behavior of functions and make a comparison between the results of the integer-order derivative and the Caputo and Caputo–Fabrizio fractional-order derivatives.
Exploring the promise of intersectionality for promoting justice-involved women’s health research and policy
Authors: Gueta Keren 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe perspective of intersectionality has gained widespread scholarly interest and been employed across many different disciplines, including criminology. This perspective focuses on interlocking systems of oppression and the need to work toward structural changes to promote social justice and equity. The present article aimed to explore the potential of intersectionality for advancing health research and policy regarding justice-involved women, in different phases of the judicial process, based on the extant literature.First, employing an intersectional approach to analyze the issue of health during the pre-incarceration period may facilitate identification of the structural and representational factors underlying the barriers that women face in obtaining health services, which elevates the risk to their health. Furthermore, adopting an intersectionality perspective to explore women’s health during incarceration may shed light on vulnerable, invisible subpopulations of women such as incarcerated older women and their health problems, and help identify the structural barriers to carceral health services and the role of stigma in inflicting and normalizing harmful practices within prison walls. In addition, an intersectionality lens highlights the risk of unintended use of scholarly knowledge regarding the health of justice-involved women. Last, an intersectionality perspective is particularly relevant for research of the reentry of justice-involved women. In particular, it can be used to examine gender-sensitive reentry services that ignore other axes of marginalization, such as class and race, generating a powerful dynamic that results in partial service, denial of access to therapeutic resources, and possible exposure to health-damaging environments.Through an exploration of the extant literature on justice-involved women, I endeavored to demonstrate that an intersectional framework offers powerful tools to both challenge and strengthen gender frameworks within criminology. This will make it possible to move beyond consideration of gender alone, to understand how systems of oppression based on race, age and other social locations intersect and combine to construct health disadvantages among justice-involved women. This highlights the needs for a new research agenda and policy that integrate the intersectional framework with health theories to provide a more developed understanding of health among justice-involved women.
Effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole, pantoprazole and rabeprazole
Authors: Ochoa Dolores , Román Manuel , Cabaleiro Teresa , Saiz-Rodríguez Miriam , Mejía Gina , Abad-Santos Francisco 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
The pharmacokinetics of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may be affected by food intake. We aimed to evaluate the effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole, rabeprazole, and pantoprazole.

Setting
The study population comprised 186 healthy volunteers participating in 6 bioequivalence clinical trials.

Method
Subjects were evaluated to determine the effect of a high-fat breakfast on the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole (n = 36), rabeprazole (n = 69), and pantoprazole (n = 81).

Main outcome measure
Drug plasma concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.

Results
Food affected the pharmacokinetics of omeprazole (increased Tmax and decreased AUC and Cmax), pantoprazole (increased Tmax and decreased AUC), and rabeprazole (increased Tmax, Cmax and half-life). Food increased variability in Tmax for all 3 drugs, delaying absorption around 3 to 4 h and until 20 h in some subjects.

Conclusion
As food delays the absorption of PPIs and increases their variability, it would be better to administer these drugs under fasting conditions.

Trial registration
European Union Drug Regulating Authorities Clinical Trials Database: EudraCT: 2004–003863-59 (registration date 05/MAR/2004), EudraCT 2006–001162-17 (registration date 17-MAR-2006), EudraCT: 2007–002489-37 (registration date 12-JUN-2007), EudraCT: 2007–002490-31 (registration date 12-JUN-2007), EudraCT: 2010–024029-19 (registration date 23-NOV-2010).
Towards an improved early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases: the emerging role of in vitro conversion assays for protein amyloids
Authors: Candelise Niccolò , Baiardi Simone , Franceschini Alessia , Rossi Marcello , Parchi Piero 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTissue accumulation of abnormal aggregates of amyloidogenic proteins such as prion protein, α-synuclein, and tau represents the hallmark of most common neurodegenerative disorders and precedes the onset of symptoms by years. As a consequence, the sensitive and specific detection of abnormal forms of these proteins in patients’ accessible tissues or fluids as biomarkers may have a significant impact on the clinical diagnosis of these disorders. By exploiting seeded polymerization propagation mechanisms to obtain cell-free reactions that allow highly amplified detection of these amyloid proteins, novel emerging in vitro techniques, such as the real-time quaking-induced conversion assay (RT-QuIC) have paved the way towards this important goal. Given its high accuracy in identifying misfolded forms of prion protein from Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) CSF, RT-QuIC has already been included in the diagnostic criteria for the clinical diagnosis of sporadic CJD, the most common human prion disease. By showing that this assay may also accurately discriminate between Lewy body disorders and other forms of parkinsonisms or dementias, more recent studies strongly suggested that CSF RT-QuIC can also be successfully applied to synucleinopathies. Finally, preliminary encouraging data also suggested that CSF RT-QuIC might also work for tau protein, and accurately distinguish between 3R- and 4R tauopathies, including Pick’s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration. Here we will review the state of the art of cell-free aggregation assays, their current diagnostic value and putative limitations, and the future perspectives for their expanded use in clinical practice.
Comparison of polymers to enhance mechanical properties of microneedles for bio-medical applications
Authors: Bonfante Gwenaël , Lee Hakjae , Bao Leilei , Park Jongho , Takama Nobuyuki , Kim Beomjoon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo pierce through the skin and interact with the first biofluid available, microneedles should be mechanically strong. However, some polymers used to fabricate microneedles yield insufficient strength for the fabrication of arrays (PDMS, highly porous structures, etc.). To enhance mechanical properties, piercing materials can be used. They aim to pierce the skin evenly and dissolve quickly, clearing the way for underlying microneedles to interact with the interstitial fluid (ISF). Three materials—carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), alginate, and hyaluronic acid (HA)—are discussed in this article. Low concentrations, for a quick dissolution while keeping enhancing effect, are used ranging from 1–5%(w/w) in deionized water. Their overall aspects, such as geometrical parameters (tip width, height, and width), piercing capabilities, and dissolution time, are measured and discussed. For breaking the skin barrier, two key parameters—a sharp tip and overall mechanical strength—are highlighted. Each material fails the piercing test at a concentration of 1%(w/w). Concentrations of 3%(w/w) and of 5%(w/w) are giving strong arrays able to pierce the skin. For the purpose of this study, HA at a concentration of 3%(w/w) results in arrays composed of microneedles with a tip width of 48 ± 8 μm and pierced through the foil with a dissolution time of less than 2 min.
Something seems fishy: mainstream consumer response to drag queen imagery
Authors: Frankel Sarah , Ha Sejin 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study investigates how drag queen imagery in advertising and mainstream consumers’ tolerance towards homosexuality (i.e., drag queens) affect their attitudes towards the advertisement and brand in the context of beauty brand advertising. Based on the social identity theory, this study posits that implicit (vs. explicit) drag queen-themed imagery and consumers holding high tolerance as an in-group of LGBTQ+ cultures (vs. out-group of lower tolerance individuals) would have greater impact on ad attitude and brand attitude independently and together. A web-based experiment reveals that while different imagery types (implicit vs. explicit) in ads do not differentiate attitudes toward ad and brand, consumers’ individual tolerance of the drag queen culture positively affects such responses. Additionally, the ad imagery and consumer tolerance toward drag queens have an interaction effect on brand attitude via ad attitude in the explicit drag queen-themed imagery condition but not in implicit imagery. The results add insight to a growing body of literature on the LGBTQ+ and social identity theory research and benefit marketers with a better understanding of how to manage drag queen-themed advertisements within mainstream media.
Combining cognitive stimulation therapy and fall prevention exercise (CogEx) in older adults with mild to moderate dementia: a feasibility randomised controlled trial
Authors: Binns Elizabeth , Kerse Ngaire , Peri Kathy , Cheung Gary , Taylor Denise 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
People living with dementia (PLwD) have a high fall risk as cognitive impairment compromises control of gait and balance. Fall prevention exercises that are effective in healthy older adults may not work for PLwD. Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) has been shown to improve global cognition in PLwD. A programme which combines cognitive (CST) with physical exercises may reduce falls in PLwD. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of undertaking a full scale randomised controlled trial to test the effectiveness of CogEx in decreasing falls in PLwD. Specific objectives included recruitment strategy, data collection, outcome measures, intervention fidelity and facilitator/participant experience.

Methods
A mixed methods feasibility randomised controlled trial recruited people from residential aged care. Inclusion criteria were ≥ 65 years old, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score of 10 to 26 and able to participate in a group. Participants were randomised to CST or CST combined with strength and balance exercises (CogEx). Both CST and CogEx groups were for an hour twice a week for 7 weeks. Descriptive statistics were used to report pre- and post-intervention outcome measures (MoCA, Geriatric Depression Scale–15, Quality of Life-Alzheimer’s Disease, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale—Cognitive 11, Brief Balance Evaluation Systems Test and Short Form Physical Performance Battery) and attendance. Qualitative analysis of participant focus groups and facilitator interviews used a conventional approach. Sessions were video recorded and exercise completion documented.

Results
Thirty-six residents were screened with 23 participants randomised to intervention (CogEx, n = 10) or control (CST, n = 13). The assessments took 45 min to 1.5 h, and there was repetition between two cognitive measures. Ten facilitators completed training with the manualised programme. Exercises were combined into the hour-long CST session; however, limited balance training occurred with participants exercising predominantly in sitting. The facilitators felt the participants engaged more and were safer in sitting.

Conclusions
The results demonstrated that while fall prevention exercises could be scheduled into the CST structure, the fidelity of the combined programme was poor. Other components of the study design need further consideration before evaluation using a randomised controlled trial is feasible.

Trial registration
anzctr.org.au (ACTRN12616000751471) 8 Jun 2016, Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry.
Transesophageal echocardiography in robot-assisted mitral valve repair for Barlow’s disease: usefulness for predicting artificial ring size and artificial chordae length using the loop technique
Authors: Yahagi Musashi , Maeda Takuma , Kanazawa Hiroko , Yoshitani Kenji , Ohnishi Yoshihiko 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
There is no fully recommended methodology for surgery for Barlow’s disease. Various methods have been proposed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) measurements for selecting the optimal annuloplasty ring size and determining the length of artificial chordae in patients with Barlow’s disease who underwent robot-assisted mitral valvuloplasty (R-MVP).

Methods
Ten patients were included. Before R-MVP, the anesthesiologist used TEE to predict the optimal annuloplasty ring size and artificial chordae lengths that would reduce mitral regurgitation. The anesthesiolosist’s predict ring size was not presented to the surgeon intraoperatively.

Results
In 70% (7/10) of cases, the surgeon performed mitral valve repair in full match with the anesthesiologist’s repair plan. Mitral regurgitation was controlled in 85% (6/7) of cases. In three cases, the predict annuloplasty ring size and artificial chordae length were not match between anesthesiologist and surgeon. After the operation, 90% (9/10) of patients had no residual mitral regurgitation.

Conclusions
Anesthesiologist’s TEE measurements were useful for selecting the optimal annuloplasty ring size and artificial chordae length during R-MVP. TEE can play an important role in robot-assisted, minimally invasive cardiac surgery for mitral regurgitation with extensive and complex prolapse, such as in Barlow’s disease.
Anesthetic management of a patient with left ventricular assist device undergoing robotic laparoscopic prostatectomy: a case report
Authors: Pisansky Andrew J. B. , Burbano-Vera Nelson , Stopfkuchen-Evans Matthias F. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background
Patients with left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) require specific anesthetic and hemodynamic considerations. We report the specific anesthetic preparation and management in this scenario.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 66-year-old male with a HeartMate II LVAD undergoing robotic prostatectomy for prostate cancer in the steep Trendelenburg position. We employed central venous and radial arterial access, LVAD pump parameters, near-infrared sensor of cerebral oximetry, and transesophageal echocardiography for monitoring. Hemodynamics were managed with nicardipine, dobutamine, epinephrine, and phenylephrine during abdominal insufflation, operative positioning, and desufflation. The patient had a successful procedure, was discharged on postoperative day 2, and achieved surgical cure of his prostate cancer.

Discussion
By presenting the first detailed account of anesthetic management in this scenario, we provide a clinical vignette for use by the clinical anesthesiologist in his or her preparation prior to caring for this type of patient.
Some integrals involving k gamma and k digamma function
Authors: Ahmed Saeed 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, some new integrals involving k gamma function and k digamma function have been established. An integral is established involving k gamma function, and its special values are discussed. Similarly, some new integrals have been established for k digamma function, and different elementary function is associated with it for different values of k. A nice representation of the Euler-Mascheroni constant and π in the form of k digamma function for different values of k is also obtained.
Influence of Prenatal Environment on Androgen Steroid Metabolism In Monozygotic Twins With Birthweight Differences
Authors: Schulte Sandra , Schreiner Felix , Plamper Michaela , Kasner Charlotte , Gruenewald Mathias , Bartmann Peter , Fimmers Rolf , Hartmann Michaela F , Wudy Stefan A , Stoffel-Wagner Birgit , Woelfle Joachim , Gohlke Bettina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectiveAlthough low birthweight (bw) and unfavorable intrauterine conditions have been associated with metabolic sequelae in later life, little is known about their impact on steroid metabolism. We studied genetically identical twins with intra-twin bw-differences from birth to adolescence to analyze the long-term impact of bw on steroid metabolism.Methods68 monozygotic twin pairs with a bw-difference of &lt;1 standard deviation score (SDS; concordant; n = 41) and ≥1 SDS (discordant; n = 27) were recruited. At 14.9 years (mean age), morning urine samples were collected and analyzed with gas chromatography–mass-spectrometry.ResultsNo significant differences were detected in the concordant group. In contrast, in the smaller twins of the discordant group, we found significantly higher concentrations not only of the dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) metabolite 16α-OH-DHEA (P = 0.001, 656.11 vs 465.82 µg/g creatinine) but also of cumulative dehydroepiandrosterone and downstream metabolites (P = 0.001, 1650.22 vs 1131.92 µg/g creatinine). Relative adrenal (P = 0.002, 0.25 vs 0.18) and overall androgen production (P = 0.001, 0.79 vs 0.65) were significantly higher in the formerly smaller discordant twins. All twin pairs exhibited significant intra-twin correlations for all individual steroid metabolites, sums of metabolites, indicators of androgen production, and enzyme activities. Multiple regression analyses of the smaller twins showed that individual steroid concentrations of the larger co-twin were the strongest influencing factor among nearly all parameters analyzed.ConclusionIn monozygotic twin pairs with greater intra-twin bw-differences (≥1 SDS), we found that bw had a long-lasting impact on steroid metabolism, with significant differences regarding DHEAS metabolites and relative androgen production. However, most parameters showed significant intra-twin correlations, suggesting a consistent interrelationship between prenatal environment, genetic background, and steroid metabolism.
Ectopic ACTH- and/or CRH-Producing Pheochromocytomas
Authors: Elliott Patrick F , Berhane Thomas , Ragnarsson Oskar , Falhammar Henrik 
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Context
The characteristics of catecholamine-secreting pheochromocytomas have been well studied. However, less is known about the characteristics, management and outcome in patients with ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and/or corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH)-secreting pheochromocytomas.

Objective
To review the characteristics and outcomes of ACTH- and/or CRH-secreting pheochromocytomas.

Data Source
A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science, identifying relevant reports published up to 10 February 2020.

Study Selection
Original articles, including case reports and case series, reporting individual patient data from patients with ACTH- and/or CRH-secreting pheochromocytomas.

Data extraction
Information on sex, age, symptoms at presentation, comorbidities, biochemistry, imaging, histopathology, and outcomes was extracted.

Data Synthesis
We identified 91 articles reporting on 99 cases of ACTH- and/or CRH-secreting pheochromocytomas (CRH-secreting n = 4). Median age at diagnosis was 49 years (interquartile range 38-59.5) with a 2:1 female to male ratio. Most patients presented with clinical Cushing syndrome (n = 79; 81%), hypertension (n = 87; 93%), and/or diabetes (n = 50; 54%). Blood pressure, glucose control, and biochemical parameters improved in the vast majority of patients postoperatively. Infections were the most common complication. Most cases (n = 70, 88%) with reported long-term outcome survived to publication (median follow-up 6 months).

Conclusion
Ectopic ACTH- and/or CRH-secreting pheochromocytoma should be considered in patients presenting with ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome and adrenal mass. Despite the challenge in diagnosis, patient outcomes appear favorable.