bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An extreme climate transition in the Caribbean's Virgin Islands. II. Sun and Northern hemisphere atmospheric–oceanic feedbacks
Authors: Orange N. Brice , Stolz Noah , Ryan Molly , Chesny David L. , Gendre Bruce , Primack Avram G. , Giblin Timothy W. , Morris David C. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe last 60 years of extreme climate variability, and a 1980s climatic shift in the Caribbean's Virgin Islands were analysed to explore relationships with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), El‐Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and sunspot numbers. AMO, NAO, ENSO, and sunspot number relationships with the Virgin Islands climate were assessed from measures to their number density of statistically significant correlation with 17 extreme climate indices. Decadal daytime cooling negatively (positively) correlated with AMO (ENSO) records, while moderate nightly warming positively related to the AMO, ENSO, and NAO. In the decades following the late 1970s to early 1980s, evidence was suggestive of an increased lead time for local temperature responses. A relationship with sunspots in extreme temperature was indicated in daytime variations, at a lead time consistent with NAO influences expected from solar activity. The NAO, and to a lesser extent the ENSO, exhibited a negative association to extreme precipitation, while the AMO and sunspot number records only supported a connectivity post 1970s. Twentieth century strengthening of the tropical Atlantic tripole in sea surface temperatures is implicated as the source of decadal warming, and an increasingly rainy climate. More frequent poleward shifts of the Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone are suggested to explain recent decadal rises in intense rainfall events, from increased occurrences in organized deep convection.
Green supply chain management in Chinese firms: Innovative measures and the moderating role of quick response technology
Authors: Li Guo , Li Lin , Choi Tsan‐Ming , Sethi Suresh P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe last decade has witnessed a sharp rising trend in environmental awareness and protection in China. Green supply chain management (GSCM) has been regarded as an effective tool in China for mitigating the negative effects that firms have on the environment. However, the extent to which GSCM pressures influence GSCM practices, and whether and how GSCM practices affect GSCM performance are topics that remain under‐explored. Combining Institutional Theory, Resource‐Based View (RBV) Theory, and the literature on GSCM, our study sheds light on the relationship among GSCM pressures, practices, and performance under the moderating effect of quick response (QR) technology. Using statistical analysis of the collected data and case studies from companies in China, we establish several results. First, among different GSCM pressures, market and export pressures have significant impacts on GSCM practices, whereas cost pressure does not influence GSCM practices significantly. Second, internal improvement practice exerts a significant impact on GSCM practices, while external improvement practice negatively affects positive economic performance. In addition, ecology practice has significantly influenced environmental, positive economic, and operational performance. Third, QR technology suppresses the positive effect between internal improvement practice and negative economic performance. Two real cases from Huawei (telecommunications technologies) and Beijing Benz Automotive (automobile manufacturing) are conducted to verify the findings and generate additional insights. Our findings contribute to the literature and provide guidance to help governments and companies establish effective and innovative GSCM policies.
Effect of Hydrophobic Plant Extract on the Physicochemical Properties of a Transparent Fabric Softener
Authors: Ogorzałek Marta , Wasilewski Tomasz , Klimaszewska Emilia , Zięba Małgorzata 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article investigates the effect of hydrophobic supercritical CO2 raspberry seed extracts on the physicochemical and functional properties of a modern, transparent fabric softener. The addition of a hydrophobic extract to a transparent softener formulation increased the turbidity and dynamic viscosity of the product compared to the reference formulation (with no added extract). In addition, fabric rinsed in a bath containing the transparent fabric softener enriched with the hydrophobic extract was characterized by a higher degree of softness and slightly lower values of fabric rewettability (two parameters determining the usable properties of this type products) in relation to the values determined for a fabric exposed to the rinsing process in an aqueous solution of the transparent fabric softener without added extract. The results obtained in the assessment of physicochemical properties point to the modification of the structure of fabric softener resulting from the growth of surfactant aggregates due to solubilization of the hydrophobic extract. As a consequence, the deposit—an adsorption layer of surfactants (responsible for key characteristics relevant to the performance of this type of products) remaining on the fabric after the rinsing process—is modified.
Performance of Selected Models for Predicting Malignancy in Ovarian Tumors in Relation to the Degree of Diagnostic Uncertainty by Subjective Assessment With Ultrasound
Authors: Szubert Sebastian , Szpurek Dariusz , Wójtowicz Andrzej , Żywica Patryk , Stukan Maciej , Sajdak Stefan , Jabłonski Sławomir , Wicherek Łukasz , Moszyński Rafał 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesThe study's main aim was to evaluate the relationship between the performance of predictive models for differential diagnoses of ovarian tumors and levels of diagnostic confidence in subjective assessment (SA) with ultrasound. The second aim was to identify the parameters that differentiate between malignant and benign tumors among tumors initially diagnosed as uncertain by SA.MethodsThe study included 250 (55%) benign ovarian masses and 201 (45%) malignant tumors. According to ultrasound findings, the tumors were divided into 6 groups: certainly benign, probably benign, uncertain but benign, uncertain but malignant, probably malignant, and certainly malignant. The performance of the risk of malignancy index, International Ovarian Tumor Analysis assessment of different neoplasias in the adnexa model, and International Ovarian Tumor Analysis logistic regression model 2 was analyzed in subgroups as follows: SA‐certain tumors (including certainly benign and certainly malignant) versus SA‐probable tumors (probably benign and probably malignant) versus SA‐uncertain tumors (uncertain but benign and uncertain but malignant).ResultsWe found a progressive decrease in the performance of all models in association with the increased uncertainty in SA. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the risk of malignancy index, logistic regression model 2, and assessment of different neoplasias in the adnexa model decreased between the SA‐certain and SA‐uncertain groups by 20%, 28%, and 20%, respectively. The presence of solid parts and a high color score were the discriminatory features between uncertain but benign and uncertain but malignant tumors.ConclusionsStudies are needed that focus on the subgroup of ovarian tumors that are difficult to classify by SA. In cases of uncertain tumors by SA, the presence of solid components or a high color score should prompt a gynecologic oncology clinic referral.
Ultrasound Microflow Imaging Technology for Diagnosis of Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder
Authors: Kim Dong Hyun , Choi Yoon‐Hee , Oh Sohee , Kim Hyo Jin , Chai Jee Won 
Published: November 2019

ObjectivesTo assess the diagnostic accuracy of Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI; Canon Medical Systems, Otawara, Japan) at the subcoracoid triangle for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder, to compare the diagnostic value of SMI with that of conventional ultrasound (US) and power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) findings, and to investigate the correlation between vascular flow on SMI with clinical features.MethodsOur study included 39 patients with a diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis and 35 healthy patients as a control group. The echogenicity in the rotator interval and coracohumeral ligament thickness were assessed with conventional US. Vascular flow in the subcoracoid fat triangle was evaluated with SMI and PDUS (SMI and PDUS areas). A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy. The correlation between US findings and the range of motion, pain intensity, and duration of symptoms was also evaluated.ResultsThe SMI area was higher in the adhesive capsulitis group than in the control group (2.95 versus 0 mm2; P < .01). The visualization of vascular flow at the subcoracoid fat triangle was superior with SMI compared with PDUS (P < .01). In the receiver operating characteristic analysis, the SMI area showed higher diagnostic performance, with an area under the curve of 0.90 compared with other US findings. The area of SMI vascular flow was also negatively correlated with external rotation and forward flexion (P < .05) in the adhesive capsulitis group.ConclusionsMeasurement of vascular flow at the subcoracoid fat triangle using SMI facilitated the diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis. Superb Microvascular Imaging was superior to PDUS in diagnostic performance. Vascular flow was negatively correlated with the range of motion of external rotation and forward flexion.
A Randomized Trial of Comparing a Combination of Montelukast and Budesonide With Budesonide in Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Chen Hui , Zhang Luo , Lou Hongfei , Wang Yang , Cao Feifei , Wang Chengshuo 
Published: November 2019

Objectives/HypothesisIt is not unequivocally proven whether a combination of an intranasal corticosteroids (INSs) and a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist has greater efficacy than INSs in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR).Study DesignSingle‐center, randomized, open‐label study.MethodsStudy subjects included 46 participants with SAR. Participants were randomized to receive budesonide (BD; 256 μg) plus montelukast (MNT; 10 mg) (BD + MNT) or BD alone (256 μg) for 2 weeks. Visual analog scale scores for five major symptoms of SAR, nasal cavity volume (NCV), nasal airway resistance (NAR), and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were assessed before and at the end of treatments.ResultsBoth treatments significantly improved the five main SAR symptoms from baseline; however, BD + MNT produced significantly greater improvements in nasal blockage and nasal itching compared to BD alone. At baseline, the nasal blockage score was significantly correlated with NCV and NAR (r = −0.473, P = .002 and r = −0.383, P = .013, respectively). After 2 weeks of treatment, BD + MNT significantly improved NCV, but not NAR, to a greater level than BD. The number of patients with FeNO concentration ≥ 30 ppb at baseline was significantly decreased after BD + MNT treatment, but not after BD treatment. Similarly, BD + MNT treatment led to a significantly greater decrease in FeNO concentration than BD treatment.ConclusionsBD + MNT treatment may have an overall superior efficacy than BD monotherapy for patients with SAR, especially in improvement of nasal blockage, itching, and subclinical lower airway inflammation. Also, NCV and NAR could be used to assess nasal blockage more accurately.Level of Evidence1b Laryngoscope, 131:E1054–E1061, 2021
Surface Modification Strategies to Improve the Osseointegration of Poly(etheretherketone) and Its Composites
Authors: Buck Emily , Li Hao , Cerruti Marta 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn the last 5 years, a wide variety of surface modification strategies are explored to improve the integration of poly(etheretherketone) (PEEK) implants with bone. Since PEEK does not support bone on‐growth, its surface properties need to be tailored to promote osteogenesis at the bone‐implant interface. Surface modifications applied to achieve this response range from simple surface morphology changes to the deposition of osteoconductive coatings. Of the many methods, titanium and/or hydroxyapatite coatings, extrusion to create surface pores, and an accelerated neutral atom beam treatment have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to improve the integration of PEEK spinal cages. The success of these surface modifications brings hope for the clinical translation of other techniques in the future, but there are several limitations that may be preventing other treatments from reaching the clinic. This review describes numerous strategies that have been applied to PEEK‐based implants for improving their osseointegration and enhancing their antibacterial properties. The review concludes with a discussion about future directions for the field and provides suggestions for advancing clinical translation of surface‐modified PEEK implants to improve the lives of patients in need of these implants.
A Tunable Polymer–Metal Based Anti‐Reflective Metasurface
Authors: Brasse Yannic , Ng Charlene , Magnozzi Michele , Zhang Heyou , Mulvaney Paul , Fery Andreas , Gómez Daniel E. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAnti‐reflective surfaces are of great interest for optical devices, sensing, photovoltaics, and photocatalysis. However, most of the anti‐reflective surfaces lack in situ tunability of the extinction with respect to wavelength. This communication demonstrates a tunable anti‐reflective surface based on colloidal particles comprising a metal core with an electrochromic polymer shell. Random deposition of these particles on a reflective surface results in a decrease in the reflectance of up to 99.8% at the localized surface plasmon resonance frequency. This narrow band feature can be tuned by varying the pH or by application of an electric potential, resulting in wavelength shifts of up to 30 nm. Electrophoretic particle deposition is shown to be an efficient method for controlling the interparticle distance and thereby further optimizing the overall efficiency of the anti‐reflective metasurface.
LncRNA DLX6‐AS1 increases the expression of HIF‐1α and promotes the malignant phenotypes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via targeting MiR‐199a‐5p
Authors: Yang Bin , Jia Lin , Ren Hui , Jin Caibao , Ren Qingrong , Zhang Haiyuan , Hu Desheng , Zhang Hao , Hu Liu , Xie Tao 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the expression of long‐chain noncoding growth stasis specific protein 6 antisense RNA1 (lncRNA DLX6‐AS1) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissues and cells, and its regulatory effect on malignant phenotypes of NPC cells.MethodsThe expressions of DLX6‐AS1, miR‐199a‐5p, and HIF‐1α mRNA in NPC issues and cells were detected by qRT‐PCR. The proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of cells were monitored via MTT and transwell assay. The interactions between DLX6‐AS1 and miR‐199a‐5p, miR‐199a‐5p and HIF‐1α were verified by luciferase activity assay. Western blot was performed to determine the regulatory effect of DLX6‐AS1 and miR‐199a‐5p on HIF‐1α protein.ResultsThe expression of lncRNA DLX6‐AS1 was up‐regulated in NPC tissues and cells. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of NPC were enhanced by overexpressed DLX6‐AS1 but inhibited by DLX6‐AS1 knockdown. In addition, DLX6‐AS1 can be used as a kind of ceRNA to regulate miR‐199a‐5p and, thereby modulating the expression of HIF‐1α.ConclusionWe found that DLX6‐AS1 was a cancer‐promoting lncRNA to facilitate the progression of NPC, and its underlying mechanism was suppressing miR‐199a‐5p expression. This study can provide novel clues for the treatment of NPC.
Energetic Status of Alaskan Chinook Salmon: Interpopulation Comparisons and Predictive Modeling Using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
Authors: Courtney Kristin R. , Falke Jeffrey A. , Cox M. Keith , Nichols Jeff 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Adult Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. undertake energetically demanding migrations where they must have adequate energy reserves to survive to reach spawning locations and reproduce. Lethal proximate analysis provides insight into available energy stores (e.g., lipids), but the ability to monitor energetic status nonlethally may be useful for managers. Nonlethal monitoring may be more cost effective, reduce harm to sensitive populations, allow for more fish to be sampled, and assessments can be done relatively quickly. Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (N = 129) were sampled for proximate analysis from four populations in Alaska to examine variation in energetic status before and after spawning migration and to create predictive bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) models for this species. In addition to proximate analysis we tested the variability between two BIA devices (Q2 and CQR), whether BIA models were generalizable to a congener, Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus keta, and the feasibility of integrating BIA into field studies. The populations that were sampled at prespawning migration had higher %lipid (N = 77; mean = 43%) than those that were collected at postspawning migration (N = 52; mean = 20%). Total %lipid and %water was more accurately predicted based on BIA measurements that were made by using the Q2 device (RMSE = 5.33 and RMSE = 2.43, respectively) than on those that were made by using the CQR device measurements (RMSE = 6.27; RMSE = 2.66). The between-species (Chinook Salmon to Chum Salmon RMSE = 19.47; Chum to Chinook RMSE = 7.69) models were less accurate than species-specific models that were created for Chinook Salmon and Chum Salmon, suggesting that single-species models should be used. We field-tested the BIA model to predict %lipid and %water for Chinook Salmon on a remote Southeast Alaska river. The range of predicted values of %lipid and %water was similar to the results that are obtained via proximate composition from the other populations. Our results indicate that BIA could be a valuable tool for assessing the spatial and temporal patterns of energetic status for Chinook Salmon populations.
A review of mobility management entity in LTE networks: Power consumption and signaling overhead
Authors: Alsaeedy Alaa A. R. , Chong Edwin K. P. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryMobility management (MM) in Long‐Term Evolution (LTE) networks is a vital process to keep an individual User Equipment (UE) connected while moving within the network coverage area. MM Entity (MME) is the LTE component responsible for tracking and paging procedures and controlling the corresponding signaling between the UE and its serving cell, which is necessary for data‐packet exchange. Because of the massive increase in the density of mobile UEs, MME is burdened by the high volume signaling load, especially because most of that load comes from Tracking Area Update (TAU) and Paging messages, which are essential to exchange UE‐specific information with the network. To achieve cost‐efficient resource provisioning, many solutions have been proposed for TAU and Paging management to optimize not only UE experience (ie, battery power consumption) but also network resources (ie, bandwidth). In this paper, we discuss various solution schemes for TAU and Paging in terms of complexity, latency, and computation costs. Also, this review discusses the adverse effects of these solutions on the LTE Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Furthermore, we present a new trend of MM solutions in LTE networks, called software‐defined network (SDN) and software‐defined virtualization (SDNV). To this end, we examine the existing schemes and challenges in the literature toward next‐generation wireless networks (eg, 5G, Internet‐of‐Things [IoT], and machine to machine [M2M] communications), and we describe user mobility models that are used to analyze the network performance.
Krüppel‐like factor 9 promotes neuroblastoma differentiation via targeting the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Sheng , Gu Song , Xu Min , Mei Dongyu , Xiao Yongtao , Chen Kai , Yan Zhilong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundNeuroblastoma (NB) is a deadly solid tumor of children. Krüppel‐like factor 9 (KLF9) has prodifferentiation and tumor suppression functions in several types of cancers. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of KLF9 on NB differentiation and growth and to elucidate the underlying mechanism.ProcedureSixty‐five NB paraffin samples were assessed for expression levels of KLF9 and sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathway proteins by immunohistochemistry. The associations between expression of KLF9 and the SHH pathway components and patients’ clinicopathologic characteristics were estimated. The impacts of KLF9 on cell differentiation, proliferation, and invasion were investigated in two NB cell lines (SH‐SY5Y and IMR32). Additionally, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays were used to elucidate the mechanism by which KLF9 regulates SHH signaling.ResultsDifferentiating NB specimens showed significantly higher KLF9 expression levels than undifferentiated/poorly differentiated ones. Moreover, increased KLF9 expression was associated with favorable prognoses in patients with NB. A negative correlation was found between KLF9 and SHH signaling expression levels in NB specimens. In vitro assays revealed that KLF9 promoted the differentiation of NB cells and inhibited their proliferation and invasion via suppression of the SHH pathway. Furthermore, KLF9 binding sites in the SHH promoter were identified by ChIP and luciferase reporter assays.ConclusionsKLF9 exerts prodifferentiation and growth‐inhibition effects on NB via suppression of the SHH pathway, suggesting a potential role of KLF9 in NB therapy.
Naloxone Administration by Untrained Community Members
Authors: Eggleston William , Calleo Vincent , Kim Martin , Wojcik Susan 
Published: November 2019

Study ObjectiveAccess to naloxone is a priority for reducing opioid deaths. Although community members who complete naloxone training are able to administer nasal naloxone successfully and rapidly, little is known about the ability of community members to administer naloxone without training. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of untrained individuals to administer naloxone successfully in a simulated opioid overdose setting.DesignProspective single‐site open‐label randomized usability assessment.SettingScenario station at a large state fair during August and September 2017.ParticipantsA total of 207 healthy adults who were randomly assigned to administer naloxone using a nasal spray (NS) device (69 participants), an intramuscular (IM) kit (68 participants), or an improvised nasal atomizer (AT) kit (70 participants).InterventionParticipants were instructed to administer the device to a high‐fidelity mannequin in a public environment with distractions to mimic those that might be present in an actual overdose. No device instructions or administration materials were provided.Measurements and Main ResultsParticipants were assessed by trained study team members who directly observed all naloxone administrations using the predetermined end‐point criteria. Individual participant perceptions were evaluated immediately following the naloxone administration using a standardized questionnaire form. The primary outcome was successful administration, defined as administration within 7 minutes and without critical errors. Secondary outcomes were time to successful naloxone administration and ease of use of the device. The NS (66.7%, p<0.001) and IM (51.5%, p<0.001) devices had higher rates of successful administration than the improvised nasal AT device (2.9%). The NS device was administered more rapidly (median 16 sec) than the IM device (median 58 sec, p<0.001) or improvised nasal AT device (median 113 sec, p=0.012) devices, and it was the easiest to use.ConclusionIn this study of naloxone administration, participants administered the NS and IM devices more successfully than the AT device. The NS device was administered most rapidly and was easiest to use.