bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in the Early Post-stroke Period
Authors: Todorov Valentin , Dimitrova Maria , Todorova Viktoria , Mihaylova Eleonora 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: There is some evidence suggesting an association between cerebrovascular diseases and the development of depression on the one hand, and between depression and post-stroke recovery on the other. Post-stroke depression can occur in the early post-stroke period or in the later stages of recovery (over 9 months after the incident).
Aim: To find a connection between stroke and the development of anxiety and depression in the early period after the development of neurological deficit and to evaluate several scales for their potential usefulness in the screening of post-stroke patients for early signs of depression and anxiety.
Materials and methods: We conducted a study on the presence of depression in 117 patients, divided into 2 groups: 73 of these patients were admitted due to ischemic stroke, while the other 44 were controls matching the patients in age, sex and education status. The inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined clearly. We included patients that consented to undergo psychiatric evaluation be-tween 24 hours and 7 days after the onset of neurological symptoms. Both groups were assessed by the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale &ndash; Depression Subscale and Combined Scale (HADS-D, HADS-T).
Results: On evaluation with HADS-D we noted the largest difference between the two groups with a very high statistical significance and a medium effect size (7.92&plusmn;4.44 points vs. 4.86&plusmn;4.27 points for the control group, p<0.001, r= -0.417). Anxiety and depressive symp-toms were found also with MADRS and HAM-A.
Conclusions: Anxiety and depressive symptoms were found in the early post-stroke period. MADRS, HADS-D, and HAM-A are suf-ficiently specific and sensitive in the evaluation of post-stroke anxiety and depression.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Hemophilic Joints: Correlations with the Bleeding Phenotype and Physical Examination
Authors: Spasov Neofit , Dimitrova-Popova Diana , Traikova-Djambazova Nikoleta , Spasova Mariya , Bosheva Miroslava 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Blood-induced joint damage as a hallmark of haemophilia continues to occur despite the widespread prophylaxis. Pre-cise assessment and follow-up of joint status are crucial for tailoring their treatment.&nbsp;
Aim: To study the correlation between the bleeding phenotype, the functional joint status, and the magnetic resonance imaging score in pediatric patients with haemophilia.
Materials and methods: Eighty-six joints (ankles, knees, and elbows) in patients aged 10.7&plusmn;0.5 (range 4 - 20) years with severe/moderate haemophilia A, severe haemophilia B and haemophilia A with inhibitors were included in the study. The joints were assessed by Haemophilia Joint Health Score 2.1 (HJHS2.1) one month after the last hemarthrosis in a non-bleeding state. The magnetic reso-nance imaging was performed on 40 (46.5%) of the examined hemophilic joints (16 ankles, 11 knees and 13 elbows).&nbsp;
Results: Joint bleeds were present in 37 (38.9%) of the joints with ankles being the most commonly affected. Sixty joints (69.8%) had normal HJHS2.1 score. Only the loss of flexion score differed significantly between the joints and the ankles had highest score. The cumulative number of hemarthrosis in the joint correlated moderately with hemosiderin deposition and strongly with the formation of subchondral cysts on magnetic resonance imaging. The magnetic resonance imaging scores for soft tissue and osteochondral domains correlated moderately with the cumulative number of hemarthrosis in the joint and only with the presence of pain and crepitus of mo-tion from the physical examination.
Conclusions: Magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive than the bleeding phenotype and physical examination in detecting early signs of haemophilic arthropathy.
Postoperative Low Molecular Weight&nbsp;Heparin-induced Infection in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients. A 2-year Single Centre Experience&nbsp;
Authors: Nikova Alexandrina , Kyriazi Maria , Michalopoulou Helena , Demetriou Melani , Tselepidis Vasilis , Ntatsis Konstantinos 
Published: December 2020

Introduction: Patients with gastrointestinal cancer are at high risk of developing thrombosis and postoperative infection. Antico-agulation therapy for such patients is provided by low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and elastic stockings. The latter, however, is linked to immunoregulatory activities and immunosuppression in vivo and in vitro.
Aim: Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the link between LMWH and infection in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.
Materials and methods: The study is a retrospective report of 51 patients operated on at the Second Department of Surgery at Metaxa Cancer Hospital. The sample was divided into groups based on the presence or absence of diabetes and preoperative anticoagu-lation therapy. Afterwards, the data were statistically analysed.&nbsp;
Results: The results of the study show a statistically significant correlation between LMWH and infection. Moreover, the risk of infec-tion increases by 13.3% for each day of heparin intake. The theory of this correlation is explained in detail.&nbsp;
Conclusions: The findings of the present study raise an essential question about postoperative management of cancer patients. How-ever, the study sample size is rather small so further studies with larger sample size are required to give greater credence to results.
Endobronchial Ultrasound Transbronchial Needle Aspiration for the Diagnosis of Paratracheal and Peribronchial Central Parenchymal Lesions
Authors: Yanev Nikolay , Mekov Evgeni , Kostadinov Dimitar 
Published: December 2020

Objectives: Obtaining qualitative, sufficient material for the diagnosis of malignancies in cases with normal endoscopic findings in patients with suspected lung cancer and hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy is challenging.
Materials and methods: Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) was used to control a transbronchial needle biopsy (&#1058;BNA) for the first time in our country. From 2015 to 2018, TBNA with a convex probe EBUS was performed on 57 patients [41 men, 16 women, mean age 56.10 (range 37-77 years)] with mediastinal lesions found on CT scan. We used the Hitachi Aloka - ProSound Alpha 7 and BF-UC180F (Olympus) 21G and 22G needles Ultrasound System. In 22 of the cases, we performed a biopsy of hilum lesions (9 on the left and 13 on the right), in 13 - of subcarinal lesions, and in 4 - of lesions located on the right paratracheal lymphatic chain.&nbsp;
Results: EBUS-TBNA confirmed lung cancer in 48 patients (84.2%). In 33 of them, it was non-small cell lung cancer: spinocellular in 13 cases and adenocarcinoma in 17 cases; three cases were without accurate verification. Small cell lung cancer was found in 15 cases. In two cases, the biopsies were negative for tumor (3.5%), and in seven - non-specific inflammatory process (12.3%).&nbsp;
Conclusions: This study confirms the high diagnostic success rate of EBUS-TBNA reported in similar studies developed on a daily routine basis without adhering to a specific protocol. EBUS-TBNA is an interventional procedure with high sensitivity in diagnosing hilar and mediastinal lesions in negative conventional bronchoscopy and thus is useful in patients with paratracheal and peribronchial lesions. The results could be improved with training and experience.
“Urban by nature”: The Sokoto jihadist approach to urban planning
Authors: Zehnle Stephanie 
Published: December 2020

Like other Islamic reform and state-building movements across the pre-colonial Sahel, the Sokoto Jihad of 1804 had started genuine urbanization processes with architectural references to Islamic ideals of inhabited space. But in the early Sokoto Empire, jihadist urban planning met with a Hausa environment already divided into urban centers and rural areas. Existing Hausa towns were often restructured and enlarged, with a shift from the central position of the palaces towards that of the new mosques built under the aegis of the Jihadist leaders. This article hence analyses the construction of Sokoto as a capital city from the “drawing board” as a case study. In addition, it discusses the location and style of Jihadist mosques in Sokoto, Kano and Zaria within a new concept of Muslim urbanity. Although urban planning in Sokoto was not carried out by map sketches, several maps produced in the Sokoto Empire will be used to study the graphical understanding of Sokoto Jihadist urbanity expressed by rectangular walls and a special mosque-palace order with only very simple and puritan décor. But despite the private activities in mosque building among the male Jihadist elite, Sokoto lacked a state-owned and constant central mosque, because donors and their offspring personally had to care for the upkeep of the buildings. And with the second Sokoto Sultan, Muhammad Bello, urbanization activities gradually shifted from the “old” centers to the frontier of the Empire: on the one hand, militarized border towns (Arabic ribāt, pl. arbita) were erected as profane material protection against military enemies in the periphery. Yet on the other hand, they served as a reference in the Jihadist ideology contrasting the Land of Islam with the Land of Unbelief. The ribāt was a planned city attracting mainly slaves longing for freedom and salvation by the Jihadist promise that any inhabitant of the frontier city would eventually be liberated and enter Paradise. But only for a limited time span did they serve as social and ethnic melting pots on the frontier, before many of them were turned into slave plantations. This phase of intense foundation of fortified settlements must also be understood as a process of sedentarization and aging of the first Jihad soldiers. Equipped with land, wives and slaves from the booty, many soldiers and commanders were settled in new towns and established a living there with their families. The article will thus finally analyze the Sokoto utopia of a completely sedentarized and urbanized Muslim state—a policy propagated both against fellow Fulbe pastoralists and mobile Tuareg allies. This study engages with Sokoto Jihadist urbanization in their theories and practices in the first half of the 19th century and unfolds the Jihadist claims to be “urban by nature.”
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor – An Overview
Authors: Ramaswamy Anant , Chaudhari Vikram , Bhargava Prabhat , Bhandare Manish , Kumar Rajiv , Shrikhande Shailesh v , Ostwal Vikas 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare tumors but are most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract. They are commonly seen in the stomach (60%) and small intestine (30%). GISTs are likely derived from the interstitial cells of Cajal or their stem cell precursors. They are best characterized by computerized tomography and have a specific staining pattern on immunohistochemistry, i.e., C-Kit and DOG-1. The treatment of GIST is based on the risk assessment for relapse, and patients with localized GIST require resection with or without adjuvant imatinib mesylate (IM). Advanced unresectable tumors are usually treated with IM, with a number of further options available for patients post progression on IM. There is an increasing emphasis on identifying C-Kit and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha mutations in all patients with GIST, as these are driver mutations with current and future therapeutic implications.
Transformasi Hukum Islam pada Masyarakat di Indonesia
Authors: Hidayah Hestinur , Zafi Ashif Az 
Published: December 2020

Hukum Islam termasuk ke dalam hukum perundang-undangan di Indonesia melalui proses penyatuan hukum. Hukum Islam di Indonesia diadakan pembaharuan yang disesuaikan dengan keadaan masyarakat dan perkembangan zaman. Rumusan masalah bagaiman proses transformasi hukum Islam di Indonesia dan pengaruhnya terhadap masyarakat di Indonesia, kedua apa itu kompilasi hukum islam dan bagaimana perananya dalam masyarakat Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian untuk menjelaskan proses transformasi dan peranan hukum Islam di negara Indonesia. Kegunaan penelitian untuk menambah pengetahuan mengenai sejarah dan perkembangan hukum di Indonesia. Metode Penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian ini meliputi sejarah adanya transformasi hukum Islam di Indonesia dalam bidang pidana maupun dalam bidang perdata serta pengaruhnya dalam masyarakat, dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu hukum Islam hadir di Indonesia dan menjadi hukum positif di Indonesia. Serta hukum positif ini bertujuan menyelesaikan permasalahan yang ada di masyarakat.
Perlindungan Hukum Situs Bawah Air Leato / Japanese Cargo Wreck
Authors: Puluhulawa Jufryanto , Towadi Mellisa , Swarianata Vifi 
Published: December 2020

Kota Gorontalo memiliki situs bawah air Leato, yang dikenal juga dengan sebutan situs kapal tenggelam Japanese Cargo Wreck. Hal ini menggambarkan bahwa Kota Gorontalo memiliki potensi wisata yang sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan guna menambah pendapatan asli daerah. Namun, eksploitasi situs bawah air Leato / Japanese Cargo Wreck melalui wisata bahari minat khusus Scuba Diving tanpa regulasi dan sistem manajemen pengelolaan yang baik akan berdampak pada degradasi kualitas objek wisata bahari mengingat objek situs bawah air Leato / Japanese Cargo Wreck merupakan peninggalan purbakala yang kondisinya sangat rentan. Penelitian ini fokus pada masalah urgensi optimalisasi perlindungan hukum situs bawah air Leato / Japanese Cargo Wreck melalui pembuatan regulasi hukum wisata minat khusus scuba diving dan model regulasi wisata minat khusus scuba diving kaitannya dengan optimalisasi perlindungan hukum situs bawah air Leato / Japanese Cargo Wreck. Tujuan penelitian guna mengkaji urgensi optimalisasi perlindungan hukum situs bawah air Leato / Japanese Cargo Wreck melalui pembuatan regulasi hukum wisata minat khusus scuba diving dan mendeskripsikan model regulasi wisata minat khusus scuba diving kaitannya dengan optimalisasi perlindungan hukum situs bawah air Leato / Japanese Cargo Wreck. Hasil penelitian, faktanya hingga saat ini belum ada regulasi khusus yang mengatur proses penyelaman di lokasi situs bawah air Leato / Japanese Cargo Wreck. Mengingat posisi situs yang memiliki nilai historis, pendidikan maupun budaya pada satu sisi dan nilai ekonomis disisi lainnya maka harus dibijaki dengan baik melalui langkah hukum yang progresif yakni menghadirkan regulasi hukum prosedur penyelaman rekreasi di lokasi situs bawah air Leato / Japanese Cargo Wreck dalam rangka menyikapi pesatnya pertumbuhan industri selam beserta potensi. Model regulasi hukum prosedur penyelaman rekreasi di lokasi situs bawah air Leato / Japanese Cargo Wreck sebagai sebuah proses pembangunan hukum yang ditujukan untuk membentuk kehidupan hukum ke arah yang lebih baik dan kondusif khususnya terkait kesinambungan pemanfaatan situs bawah air Leato / Japanese Cargo Wreck dibidang wisata bahari minat khusus Scuba Diving tanpa mengenyampingkan pelestariannya dan juga status hukumnya sebagai kawasan konservasi maritim. Terdapat kebijakan-kebijakan hukum baik internasional maupun nasional yang dapat dijadikan landasan formulasi regulasi dan salah satunya yakni regulasi jalur penyelaman di U.S.A.T. Liberty di Tulamben, Provinsi Bali
Development of Oral Communicative Competence: A Teachers’ Perspective
Authors: Mumtaz Dr.Naureen , Dr. Uzma Quraishi  
Published: December 2020

This study was an attempt to determine the point to which the English language textbook, “English for Class 8” prescribed by the Punjab Textbook Board fulfills the learners ‘language learning needs of English as foreign language in Pakistan. The study aimed to explore as to what degree the suggested textbook increases the likelihood of learning the language and the diligent effort to development oral communicative competence (OCC) among the target learners. A quantitative approach enabled the researcher to comprehensively answer the research question. The results indicate that the relevant course book fails to facilitate the target learners to acquire English as foreign language to enable them to use the language for communicative purposes. The tasks presented in the textbook, do not focus on sociolinguistic and extended verbal expression in speech of the target language. By including tasks that challenge the learners to engage themselves in producing meaningful utterances, the present English language textbook can become even better a tool to develop speech proficiency.
Comparative Case Study of Creative Abilities of Public and Private Sector Schools in Pakistan
Authors: Samra Bashir  , Muhammad Ilyas Khan  , Anum Fatima  
Published: December 2020

This study was designed to explore the creative thinking abilities of primary school students in Pakistan. The study also explored teachers’ perceptions about the issue. Multistage sampling was applied to select the sample. Four primary schools (2 from public sector and 2 from private sector) from Lahore city were selected randomly to collect the data. 100 students and 100 teachers were selected by applying cluster sampling. Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT) were conducted to identify the creativity abilities of students. A questionnaire was developed to identify the perceptions of teachers regarding the development of creativity among students. Reliability of the questionnaire was .855. Independent sample t-test was applied to identify the difference between the creativity of public and private sector school students and perceptions of teachers. Findings show that students who were studying in private schools are more competent in creative writing and have more expressive ability than public school students. Teachers of private schools were using the methods and techniques more effectively for teaching creativity. The study has important implications for the development or otherwise of creativity in primary schools in Pakistan.
PENGARUH PRA PERLAKUAN DAN JENIS KEMASAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK DAN MASA SIMPAN KERIPIK NANAS
Authors: Nursanty Nursanty , Komalasari Oom , Defriyanti Wenni Tania , Juairiyah Oktaf , Sugiarti Yenny , Maryani Sri , Efriandi Efriandi , Susanto Tri 
Published: December 2020

Nanas termasuk buah yang mudah rusak, memiliki umur masa simpan yang pendek yaitu hanya tahan 7 hari pada kondisi suhu kamar (28oC - 30oC). Untuk mengatasi masalah ini maka perlu dilakukan pengolahan pascapanen buah nanas sebagai bentuk diversifikasi nanas, sehingga bisa mempertahankan nilai jual nanas saat terjadi musim buah nanas dan buah nanas melimpah. Salah satu diversifikasi buah nanas yang dapat dilakukan adalah membuat keripik nanas. Pembuatan keripik nanas dilakukan dengan 2 metode yaitu pembuatan keripik dengan nanas yang sebelumnya di freezer terlebih dahulu dan pembuatan keripik dengan nanas segar. Karakteristik buah segar dan keripik nanas dilakukan pengujian di laboratorium, meliputi parameter uji: proksimat (Kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak, kadar protein dan kadar karbohidrat), asam total, vitamin C, gula reduksi, pH, total padatan terlarut dan % bagian yang dimakan. Uji masa simpan keripik nanas dilakukan terhadap dua perlakuan yaitu perlakuan freezer (melalui pendinginan) dan fresh (tanpa freezer). Setiap perlakuan diujicobakan massa simpan dalam kemasan half aluminium foil (pp-Al foil) dan kemasan full Al-foil. Masing-masing perlakuan dalam setiap kemasan diuji ALT-bakteri dan MPN coliform. Dari hasil Uji Laboratorium ALT bakteri terlihat bahwa untuk keripik nanas fresh dan keripik nanas freezer dengan kemasan full aluminium foil maupun half aluminium foil (pp-al foil) tidak ada perbedaan hasil dimana pertumbuhan bakteri masih 0 (tidak ada bakteri yang tumbuh, hanya ada MPN Coliform akan tetapi masih dibawah standar kelayakan yaitu <2). Hal ini membuktikan bahwa keripik nanas yang dibuat layak untuk dikonsumsi dalam masa penyimpanan 1 bulan.
Estudo de Usuário e Pesquisa de Marketing
Authors: Gomes Marcos Aurelio 
Published: December 2020

A inovação representa um fator de competitividade e sobrevivência para as organizações. Para que a inovação possibilite o desenvolvimento de novos ou melhorados produtos e serviços, torna-se relevante o conhecimento das necessidades da sociedade. Neste sentido, buscou-se por meio deste trabalho identificar aspectos de aproximação e distinção entre os estudos de usuários e as pesquisas de marketing como fator propositivo ao processo de inovação. Trabalho classificado como exploratório, por intermédio da pesquisa bibliográfica foi possível identificar simetrias e assimetrias existentes entre os estudos de usuários e as pesquisas de marketing. Conclui-se que ambos os instrumentos, isto é, tanto estudos de usuários como as pesquisas de marketing, possuem particularidades e que os mesmos convergem para se obter informações sobre o cliente e/ou usuário que poderão potencializar o processo de inovação
Valoración de una propuesta didáctica de actividades físicas en el medio natural fundamentada en el uso de la realidad aumentada (Assessment of a didactic proposal on physical activities in the natural environment based on the use of augmented reality)
Authors: Peñarrubia-Lozano Carlos , Tabuenca-Castejón Ana , Canales-Lacruz Inma 
Published: December 2020

En los últimos años se ha incrementado el número de estudios que incorporan el uso de la realidad aumentada en el ámbito educativo. Se han encontrado estudios contextualizados en diferentes etapas y áreas de conocimiento. En este estudio se expone una experiencia didáctica de Educación Física en un colegio de la ciudad de Zaragoza (España) fundamentada en el uso de las TIC, especialmente en la realidad aumentada. Los contenidos seleccionados son la orientación y la escalada. Han participado en ella 37 estudiantes, con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y los 11 años. Ninguno de ellos contaba con experiencia previa en este recurso didáctico en el contexto escolar. Mediante un diseño cualitativo, se ha analizado la percepción que esta tecnología ha suscitado en el alumnado. Los resultados son altamente positivos, destacando la intriga y la utilidad como principales motivos de satisfacción. Por otra parte, se han señalado los fallos en la conectividad como principal fuente de insatisfacción.
Abstract: In recent years the number of studies that incorporate the use of augmented reality in the educational field has increased. Contextualized studies have been found in different stages and areas of knowledge. An educational experiment in the Physical Education domain is exposed in this study carried out in a school in the city of Zaragoza (Spain) based on the use of ICT, especially augmented reality. Selected contents are orienteering and climbing. Participants include 37 students, between the age of 10 and 11. None of them had previous experience in this educational tool at school. On the basis of qualitative methodology, the opinion that this technology has aroused in students has been analyzed. Results are highly positive, standing out intrigue and utility as the main reasons for satisfaction. On the other hand, connectivity failures have been pointed out as the main source of dissatisfaction.