bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract B061: Mechanistic and functional interrogation of novel ancestry-related alternatively spliced androgen receptor signal genes in prostate cancer
Authors: Onyenwoke Rob U. , Freedman Jennifer A. , Patierno Brendon M. , Eze Cedric , Dayo Adepeju , George Daniel J. , Patierno Steven R. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates for prostate cancer (PCa) among African American (AA) men are significantly higher than among white men. Our studies address the urgent need to interrogate and modulate, for therapeutic application, the molecular mechanisms underlying the more aggressive PCa biology in AA men. The Duke Cancer Institute (DCI) has identified novel alternatively spliced genes between PCa from AA and white patients that drive race-related PCa aggressiveness and drug response, including androgen receptor (AR) target genes. In parallel, North Carolina Central University (NCCU) has interrogated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling, which operates in a regulatory loop with AR, and seeks to target AMPK for therapeutic application. Within the context of the AR/AMPK signaling axis, we have delineated the structures of race-related alternative splicing events in fatty acid synthase (FASN) and six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate, family member 4 (STEAP4) using polymerase chain reaction and generated CRISPR-Cas constructs to specifically express these variants. In addition, from our exon array analysis, we have identified differential splicing of a cancer-specific ubiquitin ligase complex (MAGE-A3/6-TRIM28), which targets AMPK for degradation, between PCa from AA and white patients. Moreover, we have shown that a PCa cell line derived from an AA patient has a decreased expression level of AMPKα and increased expression levels of TRIM28 splice variants using Western blot. Studies to assess the effects of expression of race-related FASN and STEAP4 variants on PCa cell biology and to directly dissect race-related mechanistic differences in AMPK signaling biology are currently under way. This work identifies and delineates novel AR/AMPK signaling pathway splice variants that may be targetable for PCa.
Citation Format: Rob U. Onyenwoke, Jennifer A. Freedman, Brendon M. Patierno, Cedric Eze, Adepeju Dayo, Daniel J. George, Steven R. Patierno. Mechanistic and functional interrogation of novel ancestry-related alternatively spliced androgen receptor signal genes in prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B061.
Abstract B089: [Advocate Abstract] Racial disparities in African American women
Authors: McGlown Sheila 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
My poster will go further into how and why we need to change racial disparities in the AA community. My poster was well received at my first AA conference that I attended in Chicago. I look forward to further research on this most important topic.
Citation Format: Sheila McGlown. [Advocate Abstract] Racial disparities in African American women [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B089.
Abstract B091: Across border: Towards increasing Pap testing and HPVV knowledge and acceptability among minority populations
Authors: Ashing Kimlin , Ragin Camille , Etim Ndifreke , Rivera Francisca 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction: The Pap test and human papillomavirus vaccine (HPVV) have the potential to eradicate cervical cancer globally, but implementation continues to prove challenging among minority populations in the United States, especially immigrants and Blacks. The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of a regional intervention trial designed to increase Pap testing and HPVV knowledge and acceptability.
Methods: The study was conducted in collaboration with community partners to enhance cultural and linguistic relevance. The intervention employed social marketing strategy using electronic (public service announcements via local TV and radio) and print media (local, ethnic newspaper and circulars) for broad, cost effective dissemination of HPVV and Pap testing information and resources. Regions were assigned to one of two intervention conditions: 1) direct mailing of printed materials with Pap test and HPVV resources and 2) direct mailing only. Women 18-70 years old were included and completed the pre- and post-intervention questionnaires. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted to measure changes in Pap test uptake and HPVV knowledge and acceptability from baseline to post-intervention.
Results: Analyses included 322 women who had baseline and post-assessment data: African Americans (n=97), Latina English-language preferred (n= 39), Latina Spanish-language preferred (n=129), and Trinidadians (n=57). Results showed statistically significant differences in improved HPV knowledge for African Americans (p = .019), Latina Spanish (p=.009), and Trinidadians (p=.034), but not Latina English-language preferred participants. Changes in acceptability of HPV vaccine were also significant across all groups except Trinidadians. Pap testing also showed significant increases. At preintervention, 21% of women reported not having a Pap test in the past 2 years. Post-intervention results showed Pap test completion increased by 10% in the mailed intervention group and 23% in the mailed plus social marketing group.
Conclusion: The results suggest utility and efficacy for the trial as both the mail-only and the mail-plus-social-marketing groups improved. However, compared to the mail condition only, mail plus social marketing seemed more likely to be effective for improving Pap testing. Our findings show multilevel contextual factors (including culture, country of origin, SES, and immigration) influenced Pap testing and HPVV acceptability.
Citation Format: Kimlin Ashing, Camille Ragin, Ndifreke Etim, Francisca Rivera. Across border: Towards increasing Pap testing and HPVV knowledge and acceptability among minority populations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B091.
Abstract B103: Community-based uptake of self-sampling for HPV DNA-based testing for cervical cancer screening in Ethiopia: Preliminary findings of a cluster randomized trial
Authors: Gizaw Muluken , Ruddies Friederike , Addissie Adamu , Worku Alemayehu , Abebe Tamrat , Teka Brhanu , Kaufmann Andreas M. , Kantelhardt Eva 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer (CC) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality of all cancers among women residing in low-income countries, including Ethiopia. In Ethiopia, although the standard method of CC screening is using Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA), service accessibility is limited and the uptake by eligible women is very low. Self-sampling for human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing might improve the uptake of targeted women for CC screening, especially for hard-to-reach population in Ethiopia. We investigated whether self-collection of cervicovaginal samples for HPV DNA tests would be associated with increased uptake of screening compared with VIA.
Methods: A community-based randomized controlled trial has been conducted in Butajira, one of the Health and Demographic Surveillance Sites (HDSS) of Ethiopia. A total of 55 clusters comprising 2,356 women aged 30-49 were randomized in two arms. Community-based sensitization was conducted using the local community workers at their vicinity. Following the community mobilization women were invited to go to the local health post for self-collection-based HPV DNA testing (arm A) or to Butajira Hospital for VIA screening (arm B). We compared the uptake of screening between the two arms.
Results: In the HPV arm, of the total 1,213 sensitized women, 1,020 (84.1%) (P&lt;0.0001) accessed the health post for HPV screening. In the VIA arm, 575 of 1,143 (50.5%) visited the hospital. Among the women who accessed the health post for HPV DNA testing, 892 of 1,020 (87.5%) (p=0.0007) provided samples, while 466 of 575 (81%) underwent VIA screening. The residual was excluded due to eligibility criteria in both arms.
Conclusion: This preliminary finding of the trial demonstrated better community acceptability and uptake of self-collection-based CC screening at the health post compared to VIA at the hospital. Self-collection-based CC screening can be done at the local health facility and may significantly improve the uptake of CC screening in Ethiopia.
Citation Format: Muluken Gizaw, Friederike Ruddies, Adamu Addissie, Alemayehu Worku, Tamrat Abebe, Brhanu Teka, Andreas M. Kaufmann, Eva Kantelhardt. Community-based uptake of self-sampling for HPV DNA-based testing for cervical cancer screening in Ethiopia: Preliminary findings of a cluster randomized trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B103.
Abstract B107: Cervical cancer screening behaviors and perceptions of medical mistrust among rural Black and White women
Authors: Hall Marla B. , Vos Paul , Bess Jukelia , Reburn Kelly , Locklear Gavin , McAlister Jamila , Bell Ronny 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: This study examined the relationship of medical mistrust, using the Group-based Medical Mistrust Scale (GBMMS), and Papanicolaou (Pap) testing behaviors among rural Black and White women.
Methods: Utilizing a convenience sample, a cross-sectional study was performed. Inclusion criteria included self-identification as a non-Hispanic Black or White female, at least 21 years of age and a resident of one of the predetermined counties in the region. Analyses conducted were two-sample t-tests, Fisher's exact tests, Pearson's r and logistical regression.
Results: Among 338 women, four GBMMS items had statistically significant outcomes using multiple significance tests and remained when adjusting for demographic variables. Analyses indicated that Whites were dissatisfied with the health care system to a greater extent than Blacks. In addition, among White respondents, as the level of medical mistrust increases, an individual's likelihood of ever having had a Pap test performed decreases. Moreover, among the White subgroup, women who have formed a habit of adhering to the recommendation were more likely to maintain annual commitment.
Conclusions: The impact of medical mistrust on health care-seeking behaviors should be explored beyond merely members of racial/ethnic minority groups. The findings will be used to create a community-informed, multilevel cervical cancer screening intervention to foster healthful behaviors among racially diverse rural populations. This approach has the potential to reduce prevalent disparities among rural residents when compared to urban areas of the state.
Citation Format: Marla B. Hall, Paul Vos, Jukelia Bess, Kelly Reburn, Gavin Locklear, Jamila McAlister, Ronny Bell. Cervical cancer screening behaviors and perceptions of medical mistrust among rural Black and White women [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B107.
Abstract C007: Multilevel analysis of person-, county-, and state-level contributors to triple-negative breast cancer diagnosis among women in the United States
Authors: Scott Lia C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
While multiple individual level factors have been identified to play a role in the etiology of breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer, few studies have used mixed modeling techniques to explore the role that additional levels of predictors may play in triple-negative breast cancer. Since disparities persist even when known factors are accounted for, the scope of research must be expanded to examine factors that contribute to disparate outcomes at an ecologic level. Mixed modeling can perhaps better account for the spatial heterogeneity in these cases. Random intercept mixed models can account for different effects across areas, yet they assumes higher levels are independent, thus are limited in terms of handling spatial dependence. In this study, we explored the odds of triple-negative diagnosis, given breast cancer diagnosis, at the individual level, controlling for individual, county and state level variables. The intraclass correlations for county and state were 3.8% and 0.8%, respectively. When controlling for county and state level predictors, disparities by age, race and stage persisted. Non-Hispanic black women consistently had twice the odds of diagnosis with TNBC, women age 40 and under had 1.7 times the odds of diagnosis, and women diagnosed at late stage had 1.5 times the odds of diagnosis. County-level residential segregation and educational attainment variables were significant predictors of triple-negative diagnosis, while no state level policy variables were statistically significant predictors, after controlling statistically for random state intercepts that account for other omitted state variables. Residential isolation proved to be disadvantageous to diagnosis, while residential diversity and area educational attainment were protective. Future studies should continue to explore various environmental factors, physical and social, that contribute the variation in disparate rates of diagnosis.
Citation Format: Lia C. Scott. Multilevel analysis of person-, county-, and state-level contributors to triple-negative breast cancer diagnosis among women in the United States [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr C007.
Abstract C047: Diet and risk of cancer in minority populations in New York City
Authors: Zambrano Cristina N. , Beeber Maayan , Panitz April , Tan Yin , Ma Grace , Navder Khursheed , Yeh Ming-Chin , Ogunwobi Olorunseun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer deaths in the United States, and it disproportionally affects minority populations. Poor dietary habits, such as diet low in fruits and vegetables, increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Moreover, socioeconomic factors contribute to limited access to fresh and healthy foods and limited opportunities for safe physical activity, leading to poor physical health. In this interdisciplinary study, we aim to investigate any relationships between dietary behaviors and cancer risk in adults aged 50 years and above. We are recruiting participants at a senior center in East Harlem, New York City, a racially diverse and underserved community. The participants complete a NIH-validated survey through which we assess their dietary habits and collect standardized demographic data and history of cancer. Urine samples from participants are analyzed for polyphenols, commonly found in fruits and vegetables. Quantification of polyphenol content in urine is determined by a standard curve based on the concentration of gallic acid, a stable and convenient chemical that is representative of polyphenols from fruits and vegetables. So far, analysis of urine from a cohort of diverse participants (n=15) has been performed. The range of gallic acid concentration obtained was 3.85-17.14 μg/mL. We observed the lowest gallic acid concentration in a participant with history of cancer, suggesting low level of polyphenol content in their urine. Ongoing work includes further recruitment of participants and an intervention consisting of active nutritional education (cooking classes, workshops, etc.). A control group that will not receive this educational intervention will be provided with brochures through mail informing them about general health information. At the end of the intervention period, urine will be collected and analyzed to assess the impact of nutritional education on dietary habits in underserved and minority communities.
Citation Format: Cristina N. Zambrano, Maayan Beeber, April Panitz, Yin Tan, Grace Ma, Khursheed Navder, Ming-Chin Yeh, Olorunseun Ogunwobi. Diet and risk of cancer in minority populations in New York City [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr C047.
Abstract C056: Cancer patterns and trends in Costa Rica: A population-based tumor registry study
Authors: Picado Omar , Baeker-Bispo Jordan , Bouzoubaa Layla , Balise Raymond R. , Lopes Gilberto , Kobetz Erin N. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Recent economic and social changes in low- and middle-income countries in Latin American have influenced the raise of noncommunicable diseases, including cancer. Data from cancer registries are critical for surveilling disease trends during periods of epidemiologic transition. The aim of this study is to generate population estimates of cancer incidence rates in Costa Rica and to evaluate geographical differences.
Methods: The National Tumor Registry in Costa Rica was queried for cancer cases diagnosed between 2009-2014. Population data were used to calculate sex, country and region-specific age standardized rates (ASR) per 100,000 people using the World Health Organization's 2000 standard population. Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to assess the effect of sex and geographic regions.
Results: The overall cancer incidence rate in Costa Rica was 219.24 cases per 100,000. Females had a higher cancer rates relative to males (SIR: 1.1, 95% CI: 1.08-1.11, p &lt; .001). The leading cancers were prostate (ASR: 53.09, 95% CI: 51.75-54.46), female breast (ASR: 48.73; 95% CI: 47.54-49.94), cervical (ASR: 30.78; 95% CI: 29.77-31.62), stomach (ASR: 17.45; 95% CI: 16.93-17.99), colorectal (ASR: 16.49; 95% CI: 15.98-17.00) and thyroid (ASR: 12.96; 95% CI: 12.54-13.40) cancers. San Jose had the highest breast and colon cancers rates whereas, Cartago had the highest rates for gastric and thyroid cancers.
Conclusion: Costa Rica has a growing cancer burden involving preventable cancers. Continued monitoring of trends in incidence rates is needed to implement cancer control actions. Further involvement to create cancer prevention strategies and programs aimed to reduce cancer burden is warranted.
Citation Format: Omar Picado, Jordan Baeker-Bispo, Layla Bouzoubaa, Raymond R. Balise, Gilberto Lopes, Erin N. Kobetz. Cancer patterns and trends in Costa Rica: A population-based tumor registry study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr C056.
Abstract C097: [Advocate Abstract] Disparities in cancer prevention and care in the trans population
Authors: Elliott Jennifer 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The transexual, transgender, and gender nonbinary population has unique cancer prevention and care needs. How are we addressing this population's needs at present? How can we do better? Are we adequately screening for prostate cancer in this population? Are we adequately screening for ovarian and uterine cancer in this population? How about breast cancer? This poster will present the results of a survey of care happening at present, along with suggestions on how to do better from the patient perspective.
Citation Format: Jennifer Elliott. [Advocate Abstract] Disparities in cancer prevention and care in the trans population [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr C097.
Abstract C106: Racial/ethnic disparities in inflammatory breast cancer survival in the Michigan Cancer Surveillance Program
Authors: Gudina Abdi T. , Copeland Glenn , Soliman Amr , Hirko Kelly A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancer, largely due to its strong metastatic potential. The lack of a standard case definition for IBC over time, coupled with the fact that IBC is a relatively rare disease, has severely limited our understanding of the disease. While racial disparities in IBC incidence are fairly well documented, with black women having significantly higher IBC rates compared to white women, less is known about whether IBC prognosis differs by race/ethnicity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to utilize a comprehensive case definition of IBC to assess racial/ethnic disparities in survival in the Michigan Cancer Surveillance Program (MCSP) from 1998 to 2014.
Methods: Using a comprehensive case definition of IBC, 1,324 IBC patients were identified from women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer in the MCSP between 1998 and 2014 with information on survival time and race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic Black (NHB)=227; non-Hispanic White (NHW)=984; Hispanic =86; other =27). We examined the frequency and percentage of breast cancer cases coded to the various IBC codes in the MCSP registry over the study period. We used age-adjusted and multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models with age as the underlying time metric to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for associations of race/ethnicity with all-cause mortality, using NHW women as the reference group.
Results: The percentage of all breast cancer cases defined as IBC in the MCSP registry differs considerably across registry codes from 0.03% to 1.2%. We observed significantly higher risk of death among NHB compared with NHW (HR (95% CI), 1.21 (1.01-1.45)), while no significant survival differences were observed between NHW and Hispanics or other racial/ethnic minorities.
Conclusions: A comprehensive case definition should be utilized to avoid underestimation of IBC and to better understand this aggressive disease. Further research is needed to identify underlying causes and develop effective interventions to reduce survival disparities in IBC.
Citation Format: Abdi T. Gudina, Glenn Copeland, Amr Soliman, Kelly A. Hirko. Racial/ethnic disparities in inflammatory breast cancer survival in the Michigan Cancer Surveillance Program [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2018 Nov 2-5; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020;29(6 Suppl):Abstract nr C106.