bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Into the UV: The Atmosphere of the Hot Jupiter HAT-P-41b Revealed
Authors: Lewis N. K. , Wakeford H. R. , MacDonald R. J. , Goyal J. M. , Sing D. K. , Barstow J. , Powell D. , Kataria T. , Mishra I. , Marley M. S. , Batalha N. E. , Moses J. I. , Gao P. , Wilson T. J. , Chubb K. L. , Mikal-Evans T. , Nikolov N. , Pirzkal N. , Spake J. J. , Stevenson K. B. , Valenti J. , Zhang X. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
For solar system objects, ultraviolet spectroscopy has been critical in identifying sources of stratospheric heating and measuring the abundances of a variety of hydrocarbon and sulfur-bearing species, produced via photochemical mechanisms, as well as oxygen and ozone. To date, fewer than 20 exoplanets have been probed in this critical wavelength range (0.2–0.4 μm). Here we use data from Hubble’s newly implemented WFC3 UVIS G280 grism to probe the atmosphere of the hot Jupiter HAT-P-41b in the ultraviolet through optical in combination with observations at infrared wavelengths. We analyze and interpret HAT-P-41b’s 0.2–5.0 μm transmission spectrum using a broad range of methodologies including multiple treatments of data systematics as well as comparisons with atmospheric forward, cloud microphysical, and multiple atmospheric retrieval models. Although some analysis and interpretation methods favor the presence of clouds or potentially a combination of Na, VO, AlO, and CrH to explain the ultraviolet through optical portions of HAT-P-41b’s transmission spectrum, we find that the presence of a significant H− opacity provides the most robust explanation. We obtain a constraint for the abundance of H−,

, in HAT-P-41b’s atmosphere, which is several orders of magnitude larger than predictions from equilibrium chemistry for a ∼1700–1950 K hot Jupiter. We show that a combination of photochemical and collisional processes on hot hydrogen-dominated exoplanets can readily supply the necessary amount of H− and suggest that such processes are at work in HAT-P-41b and the atmospheres of many other hot Jupiters.
FRB 121102 Bursts at a Constant Rate per Log Time
Authors: Tabor Elisa , Loeb Abraham 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Despite many searches for periodicity in the repeating fast radio burst FRB 121102, the underlying pattern of bursts does not appear to be a periodic one. We report a logarithmic repetition pattern in FRB 121102 in the sense that the rate falls off inversely with time for each set of bursts. This result implies that repeating fast radio burst sources are not necessarily associated with a pulsar, but rather could be caused by a different type of phenomenon that involves an equal amount of energy output per log time.
Long-term Evolution of the Sun’s Magnetic Field during Cycles 15–19 Based on Their Proxies from Kodaikanal Solar Observatory
Authors: Mordvinov Alexander V. , Binay Karak Bidya , Banerjee Dipankar , Chatterjee Subhamoy , Golubeva Elena M. , Khlystova Anna I. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The regular observation of the solar magnetic field is available only for about the last five cycles. Thus, to understand the origin of the variation of the solar magnetic field, it is essential to reconstruct the magnetic field for the past cycles, utilizing other data sets. Long-term uniform observations for the past 100 yr as recorded at the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KoSO) provide such an opportunity. We develop a method for the reconstruction of the solar magnetic field using the synoptic observations of the Sun’s emission in the Ca II K and Hα lines from KoSO for the first time. The reconstruction method is based on the fact that the Ca II K intensity correlates well with the unsigned magnetic flux, while the sign of the flux is derived from the corresponding Hα map that provides the information of the dominant polarities. Based on this reconstructed magnetic map, we study the evolution of the magnetic field in Cycles 15–19. We also study bipolar magnetic regions (BMRs) and their remnant flux surges in their causal relation. Time–latitude analysis of the reconstructed magnetic flux provides an overall view of magnetic field evolution: emergent magnetic flux, its further transformations with the formation of unipolar magnetic regions (UMRs), and remnant flux surges. We identify the reversals of the polar field and critical surges of following and leading polarities. We found that the poleward transport of opposite polarities led to multiple changes of the dominant magnetic polarities in poles. Furthermore, the remnant flux surges that occur between adjacent 11 yr cycles reveal physical connections between them.
The Two Emission States of PSR B1534+12
Authors: Wang S. Q. , Hobbs G. , Wang J. B. , Manchester R. , Wang N. , Zhang S. B. , Feng Y. , Wang W.-Y. , Li D. , Dai S. , Lee K. J. , Dang S. J. , Zhang L. 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We have observed PSR B1534+12 (J1537+1155), a pulsar with a neutron star companion, using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope. We found that this pulsar shows two distinct emission states: a weak state with a wide pulse profile and a burst state with a narrow pulse profile. The weak state is always present. We cannot, with our current data, determine whether the pulse energy of the weak state follows a normal or a log-normal distribution. The burst state energy distribution follows a power law. The amplitude of the single-pulse emission in the burst state varies significantly; the peak flux intensity of the brightest pulse is 334 times stronger than that of the average pulse. We also examined the timing precision achievable using only bright pulses, which showed no demonstrable improvement because of pulse jitter and therefore quantified the jitter noise level for this pulsar.
Fish occurrence in the middle Volga and upper Don regions (Russia)
Authors: Artaev Oleg , Ruchin Alexander , Ivanchev Victor , Ivancheva Elena , Sarychev Vladimir , Moreva Olga , Mikheev Vyacheslav , Medvedev Dmirty , Klevakin Alexey 
Published: October 2020

In ichthyological publications from both Russia as a whole, and from the study region, lack of data indicating the actual results of observations in a specific place all result in publication of a generalised analysis. Although our publications contain such data, they are, however, not convenient for users performing global analysis. The main purpose of publishing a database is to make our data available in the global biodiversity system to a wide range of users. Dataset represents a significant addition to the distribution of species in this area. The data can be used to analyse future changes in ichthyofauna, as well as to help the authorities to manage their territory more efficiently.
This publication describes a dataset that contains information on fish encounters in the Upper Don basin and the middle Volga (centre of the European part of Russia) over a 30-year period (1990-2020). The dataset contains information on 6400 occurrences of 394341 specimens of 56 species, 99.9% of specimens being identified to the species level. A total of 883 sites were studied, of which 253 were in lentic biotopes (lakes - 121, ponds - 123, backwater - 5, reservoir - 3, pit - 1), 630 were in lotic (rivers - 628, stream - 1, channel - 1). One collecting site has an average of 7.2 species (from 1-21 species per location). Only those species that form self-reproducing populations are given. The dataset is a compilation of data from several working author groups. All observations have precise geo-referencing with the names of water bodies (rivers, lakes etc.).
All presented data are published in the form of a database for the first time. Some data form the basis of previously-published works (3998 observations, 62%) and some are published for the first time (2402 observations, 38%). A large amount of data comes from small water bodies that have been neglected by previous researchers.
Recherche, expertise et décision face à la catastrophe : vers de nouveaux défis
Authors: Devès Maud H. 
Published: October 2020

La science occupe une fonction importante face au risque de catastrophe. On n’attend rien moins d’elle qu’elle fournisse le socle d’« évidences » sur lequel fonder l’action collective. De sorte que lorsqu’une décision doit être prise, les scientifiques se trouvent naturellement appelés à intervenir. Les modalités de leur intervention sont cependant à géométrie variable et il ne leur est pas toujours facile de trouver leur « juste » place. Dans cet article, nous reviendrons sur quelques difficultés inhérentes à l’articulation entre recherche et expertise, puis nous nous interrogerons sur les nouveaux défis ouverts par les transformations des rapports entre science et société intervenues au cours des dernières décennies.
Les leviers d’action pour un mix énergétique propre et sûr au service de la transition énergétique dans les territoires
Authors: Carré Florence , Adam Karine , Cointe Raymond , Gentilhomme Olivier , Brugidou Mathieu , Guillaume Olivier , Gabillet Pauline , Gendron Corinne , Jakubowicz Magali , Leber Jean-Yves , Mocanu Stéphane , Moretti Isabelle , Vidalenc Eric , Villeneuve Jacques 
Published: October 2020

Les territoires multiplient leurs efforts pour atteindre les objectifs de la loi de transition énergétique pour la croissance verte, parmi lesquels figure la nécessité de porter la part des énergies renouvelables à 32 % de la consommation finale brute d’énergie en 2030. Cet article vise à recenser les risques industriels et environnementaux liés à l’émergence à la fois de nouveaux acteurs impliqués dans le déploiement des énergies renouvelables et de nouveaux matériaux et technologies. Associées à ces risques, des solutions techniques et organisationnelles sont proposées pour les maîtriser et tenter de faire de la transition une opportunité pour les territoires.
L’autonomie paysanne dans l’Égypte britannique : une relecture de l’« incident Dinshwây » de 1906
Authors: Inowlocki Didier 
Published: October 2020

Le 13 juin 1906, alors que l’Égypte était en situation coloniale, une partie de chasse aux pigeons entreprise par des soldats britanniques dans un village du delta se solda par la mort d’un soldat et d’un villageois. La sévérité des peines infligées aux villageois par les autorités britanniques avec le concours d’une partie des élites égyptiennes transforma l’incident en un événement international. Des nationalistes, au premier titre desquels Muṣṭafa Kâmil Pacha, s’en saisirent pour relancer la lutte de libération nationale. Jusqu’à aujourd’hui, l’événement est connu sous le nom du village où il s’est produit : « l’incident Dinshwây ». Dans la culture commune égyptienne, il représente à lui seul la barbarie du colonialisme britannique en Égypte. D’une part, cet article revient sur l’événement lui-même pour mettre au jour le fait qu’il y a là plus qu’un incident mais une véritable révolte en milieu rural dont la portée politique dépasse de loin l’horizon du village. D’autre part, l’article analyse les discours des Britanniques et de Muṣṭafa Kâmil Pacha pour montrer qu’à l’époque, aussi paradoxal que cela puisse paraître, les Britanniques accordaient aux « fellahs » un patriotisme dont les nationalistes niaient l’existence. Cette double approche vise à débarrasser le récit de son carcan national-colonial pour permettre aux habitants du village de Dinshwây d’être des sujets de l’histoire.
A note on the phase retrieval of holomorphic functions
Authors: Perez Rolando 
Published: October 2020

AbstractWe prove that if f and g are holomorphic functions on an open connected domain, with the same moduli on two intersecting segments, then
$f=g$
up to the multiplication of a unimodular constant, provided the segments make an angle that is an irrational multiple of
$\pi $
. We also prove that if f and g are functions in the Nevanlinna class, and if
$|f|=|g|$
on the unit circle and on a circle inside the unit disc, then
$f=g$
up to the multiplication of a unimodular constant.
Chronic HIV infection and health related quality of life in resource poor settings-an assessment from South East Nigeria
Authors: Laura Onyekonwu Chinwe , Chinyelu Onyeka Tonia , Chidimma Brenda Nwatu , Nkemdilim Ijoma Uchenna , Nneka Unaogu Ngozichukwu , Obinwanne Onwuekwe Ikenna , Ugwumba Fred , Rhoda Nwutobo Chidimma , Victoria Nwachukwu Chioma 
Published: October 2020

Background: Health-related quality of life reflects a patient’s general subjective perception of the effect of an illness or in- tervention on physical, psychological and social aspects of daily life. HIV infection is a major public health problem especially in developing countries where poor health infrastructure and poverty are prevalent. This paper addresses the quality of life in patients with chronic HIV infection in South East Nigeria and addresses issues that may help improve the current situation.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, to assess patients with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) using a validated structured questionnaire (WHOQoL-BREF). Ethical clearance for the study was obtained. Study period was from October - December, 2017. Data obtained was analysed.
Results: A total of 389 HIV patients consented to the study. Over 70% were aged 18- 45 years and majority were females. Females had a higher quality of life score with respect to the domain of psychological health while males had a higher score with respect to the environmental domain. Older age and presence of co-morbidities were significantly associated with affectation of physical health while younger age was associated with affectation of psychological health domain.
Conclusion: HIV impairs the quality of life for affected individuals in South East Nigeria especially across the domains of physical and psychological health. No age group is spared. The presence of co-morbidities significantly reduces quality of life in these patients. Younger patients may require mental health services in the management of their disease.
Keywords: HIV; quality of life; South East Nigeria.
Distribution of genes encoding adhesins and biofilm formation capacity among Uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates in relation to the antimicrobial resistance
Authors: A Kadry Ashraf , M Al-Kashef Nour , M El-Ganiny Amira 
Published: October 2020

Background: Escherichia coli is the most predominant pathogen involved in UTIs. Mainly, fimbrial surface appendages are impli- cated in adherence to urothelium besides non-fimbrial proteins.
Objectives: To determine prevalence of genes encoding fimbrial and non-fimbrial proteins among Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Furthermore, distribution of these genes and biofilm formation capacity were investigated in relation to antimicrobial resistance.
Methods: Antimicrobial susceptibility of 112 UPEC isolates was performed using disc diffusion method. ESBL production was confirmed by double disc synergy test. Genes encoding fimbrial and non-fimbrial proteins were detected using PCR and biofilm formation was investigated using microtitre plate assay.
Results: UPEC isolates exhibited high resistance against doxycyclines (88.39 %), β-lactams (7.14-86.6%), sulphamethoxaz- ole–trimethoprim (53.75%) and fluoro-quinolones (50%). Fifty percent of tested isolates were ESBL producers. PapGII gene was statistically more prevalent among pyelonephritis isolates. SfaS, focG and picU genes were statistically associated with flu- oro-quinolone (FQs) sensitive isolates and Dr/afaBC gene was statistically associated with ESBL production. Moreover, non- MDR isolates produced sturdier biofilm.
Conclusion: PapGII adhesin variant seems to have a critical role in colonization of upper urinary tract. There is a possible link between antimicrobial resistance and virulence being capable of affecting the distribution of some genes besides its negative impact on biofilm formation.
Keywords: Urinary tract infection; Escherichia coli; UPEC; adhesin genes; ESBL; biofilm.
Influence of gender on the distribution of type 2 diabetic complications at the obafemi awolowo teaching hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Authors: Enikuomehin Adenike , A Kolawole Babatope , D Soyoye Olubukunmi , O Adebayo Joseph , T Ikem Rosemary 
Published: October 2020

Background: Sex specific differences appear particularly relevant in the management of type 2 DM.
Objective: We determined gender specific differences in cardio-metabolic risk, microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: Four hundred type 2 diabetes patients, males and females, matched for age and disease duration were recruited from the diabetes clinic. Relevant clinical and laboratory information were obtained or performed.
Results: 190(47.5%) were male and 210 (52.5%) were female respectively. The mean age of the study population was 60.6 + 9.93 years. Women had higher prevalence of hypertension (and obesity. Mean total cholesterol was significantly higher in women but men were more likely to achieve LDL treatment goals than women (69.5% vs 59.0%, p<0.05). More women (47.1% & 31.4%) reached glycaemic goals of <10mmol/l for 2HPP and HBA1c of <7.0%. There were no gender differences in the distribution of microvascular and macrovascular complications (p>0.05) but women were more likely to develop moderate and severe diabetic retinopathy (p= 0.027).
Conclusion: Women with T2DM had worse cardiometabolic risk profile with regards to hypertension, obesity and lipid goals. Men achieved therapeutic goals less frequently than did women in terms of glycaemia. Microvascular and macrovascular com- plications occurred commonly in both sexes.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes; gender; microvascular; macrovascular complication; cardiometabolic risks; glycaemic control.
Acute peritoneal dialysis in children with acute kidney injury at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria: a report of 12 months experience in a developing country
Authors: A Anigilaje Emmanuel , P Fashie Andrew , Odeyemi Babatunde , Yakubu Alfa 
Published: October 2020

Background: Acute peritoneal dialysis (APD) is becoming a common modality of renal support in children with acute kidney injury (AKI) in developing countries.
Objectives: To describe the details of APD among children with AKI at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
Methods: A retrospective review of children with AKI that had manual APD with an improvised nasogastric tubes from Jan- uary to December 2017
Results: Forty-three AKI cases were managed in the study period out of which 19 were treated with APD (dialysis access rate of 100%). Ten (52.6%) were males. Causes of AKI included sepsis in 9 (47.3%), hypovolaemia from diarrhoea in 4 (21.1%), acute glomerulonephritis in 3 (15.8%) and acute tubular necrosis from severe malaria fever in 3 (15.8%). Their ages ranged from 1 month to 72 months with a mean age of 30.9 months and a mean weight of 10.9 kilograms. Peri-catheter leakages (9, 47%), outflow obstruction (6, 31.6%), peritonitis (5, 26.3%), hyperglycaemia (4, 21.1%) and hypokalaemia (4, 21.1%) were the complications seen. Klebsiella species (4) and Staphylococcus aureus (1) were the bacteria isolated. Five of the 19 children died giving a mortality rate of 26.3%.
Conclusion: APD remains a lifesaving, cheap and affordable mode of renal replacement therapy in a developing country like Nigeria. Fortunately, complications from APD are also manageable and they should not discourage its use.
Keywords: Manual acute peritoneal dialysis; improvised acute peritoneal catheter; resource constrained setting.
Out-patient visits for gastrointestinal cancer at a quaternary South African hospital–trends and geospatial distribution
Authors: Moodley Yoshan , Madiba Thandinkosi 
Published: October 2020

Background: This study sought to determine trends in out-patient visits for gastrointestinal cancer (GC) at a quaternary hospi- tal in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa; and identify geographical regions which contribute most to GC-related out-patient clinic utilization at this hospital.
Method: Data for GC-related outpatient visits over an 11-year period was obtained from the hospital’s administrative database. Trends were analyzed using simple regression and trend line analyses. Patient residential postal codes from the administrative database were used to determine the geospatial distribution of complex GC in KZN.
Results: Strong increasing trends in GC-related out-patient visits were noted for age >65 years old (R2=0.8014), male (R2=0.7020), female (R2=0.7292), lower GC (R2=0.7094), and rural residence (R2=0.7008). Moderate increasing trends in GC-related out-pa- tient visits were noted for age ≤65 years old (R2=0.6556), upper GC (R2=0.6498), and urban residence (R2=0.6988). The mag- nitude at which the number of out-patient visits increased was greater for urban residence when compared with rural residence (p=0.006). Urban centers and some regions along the North and South coast of KZN contributed the most toward GC-related out-patient visits.
Conclusion: Out-patient visits for complex GC in KZN are increasing. Several regions have been identified for anti-cancer interventions and decentralized out-patient services.
Keywords: Gastrointestinal cancer; out-patient visits; quaternary hospital; South Africa.
Periodontal and dental conditions of a school population in a volcanic region of Tanzania with highly fluoridated community drinking water
Authors: Miranda-Rius Jaume , Brunet-Llobet Lluís , Lahor-Soler Eduard , Mrina Ombeni , I Mashala Elias , J Mahande Michael 
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Dental fluorosis is endemic in the Rift Valley in Africa, especially around volcanic areas, due to the high fluoride content in daily drinking water.
Objective: This study evaluates the oral health status and types of occlusion in a school population, and to assess the possible association between dental fluorosis and other pathologies such as decay, gingivitis and periodontitis.
Material and methods: An observational study of 581 individuals recruited from a public secondary school in Arusha, North- ern Tanzania was undertaken. The indices used were: the Silness & Löe Plaque Index, the Community Periodontal Index and the Decayed/Missing/Filled index. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed and a chi-square test was used to assess the associations between independent variables.
Results: Almost all the school children evaluated (96.73%) presented Angle class I dental occlusion, and 75.22% presented some degree of dental fluorosis. Most of the population (511, 87.95%) showed bleeding on probing. A moderate/high degree of some dental pathology (DMF score) was recorded in 14.46%. The association between dental fluorosis, gingival bleeding and tooth decay indicated a higher concentration of pathology in groups with more severe fluorosis (p<0.05).
Conclusion: In this large population sample, both tooth decay and gingivitis were significantly associated with moderate or severe dental fluorosis.
Keywords: Dental fluorosis; caries; periodontal disease; occlusion; community water fluoridation; socio-economic status.