bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Vitamin K Antagonist Replacement by Rivaroxaban with or without Vitamin K2 in Hemodialysis Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: the Valkyrie Study
Authors: De Vriese An S. , Caluwé Rogier , Pyfferoen Lotte , De Bacquer Dirk , De Boeck Koen , Delanote Joost , De Surgeloose Didier , Van Hoenacker Piet , Van Vlem Bruno , Verbeke Francis 
Published: November 2019

Significance Statement
Functional vitamin K deficiency, exacerbated by the use of vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), is thought to contribute to the rapid progression of vascular calcifications in patients on dialysis. We randomized patients receiving chronic hemodialysis with atrial fibrillation to VKAs, rivaroxaban, or rivaroxaban with high-dose vitamin K2 supplements. During 18 months of follow-up, vitamin K status improved significantly by withdrawal of VKAs and vitamin K2 supplementation. Nevertheless, changes in coronary artery, thoracic aorta, and cardiac valve calcium scores and pulse wave velocity were not different among the treatment arms. Replacement of VKAs by rivaroxaban was safe and potentially associated with less life-threatening and major bleeding. Further studies should determine whether earlier and multitargeted intervention can halt the progression of vascular calcifications in dialysis.

Background
Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), although commonly used to reduce thromboembolic risk in atrial fibrillation, have been incriminated as probable cause of accelerated vascular calcification (VC) in patients on hemodialysis. Functional vitamin K deficiency may further contribute to their susceptibility for VC. We investigated the effect of vitamin K status on VC progression in 132 patients on hemodialysis with atrial fibrillation treated with VKAs or qualifying for anticoagulation.

Methods
Patients were randomized to VKAs with target INR 2–3, rivaroxaban 10 mg daily, or rivaroxaban 10 mg daily plus vitamin K2 2000 µg thrice weekly during 18 months. Systemic dp-ucMGP levels were quantified to assess vascular vitamin K status. Cardiac and thoracic aorta calcium scores and pulse wave velocity were measured to evaluate VC progression.

Results
Baseline dp-ucMGP was severely elevated in all groups. Initiation or continuation of VKAs further increased dp-ucMGP, whereas levels decreased in the rivaroxaban group and to a larger extent in the rivaroxaban+vitamin K2 group, but remained nevertheless elevated. Changes in coronary artery, thoracic aorta, and cardiac valve calcium scores and pulse wave velocity were not significantly different among the treatment arms. All cause death, stroke, and cardiovascular event rates were similar between the groups. Bleeding outcomes were not significantly different, except for a lower number of life-threatening and major bleeding episodes in the rivaroxaban arms versus the VKA arm.

Conclusions
Withdrawal of VKAs and high-dose vitamin K2 improve vitamin K status in patients on hemodialysis, but have no significant favorable effect on VC progression. Severe bleeding complications may be lower with rivaroxaban than with VKAs.
THE ROLE OF ACCOUNTING IN PROVIDING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND NATIONAL SAFETY OF UKRAINE
Authors: Akimova L. M. , Levytska S. O. , Pavlov K. V. , Kupchak V. R. , Karpa M. I. 
Published: November 2019

The relevance of research is explained by the need to change the methods and organization of accounting, despite all the modern changes in economic, social and political life. The spread of information technology, intensive globalization and integration, lack of resources and the implementation of their conservation programs that ensure the harmonious development of mankind are justified in order to influence business performance in both the private and public sectors. Obviously, the above trends should be taken into account in the accounting methodology that generates information on business performance. The article also analyzes the role of accounting for the purposes of sustainable development and ensuring the national security of Ukraine.Since Ukraine is a member of the United Nations, our economic and political systems are gradually changing in line with the requirements of the resolution «Turning our world: an agenda for sustainable development until 2030». Of course, the domestic accounting system must also change. Therefore, we need to consider how accounting can affect the sustainable development of our state, in the context of national security, based on the recommendations of the International Federation of Accountants. It is obvious that accounting and accountant — the person responsible for control in any organization, directly or indirectly affect the completion of sustainable development goals. The active introduction of integrated reporting led to the development of new accounting facilities - intellectual capital, social capital (social and reputational, social and communication), natural capital — which requires the development of methods for their evaluation and presentation in accounting. New types of accounting (for example, environmental accounting, social accounting) require new methodological approaches. There are modern methods of organizing accounting, such as processes. More attention is paid to the quality of accounting and analytical information. All of the above requires an accountant for innovation, continuous development of knowledge, integration into the global accounting community.
IMPROVEMENT OF TOOLS FOR CASH FLOW ANALYSIS OF E-COMMERCE COMPANIES
Authors: Khoma I. , Kostiuk-Pukaliak O. 
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to the study of new methods of cash flows analysis at e-commerce enterprises. The study of these methods included an investigation of some historical facts that served as an impetus for the development of a methodology for assessing the enterprise’s reliability in terms of its investment attractiveness. The history of the financial crisis that occurred in the USA during 2001—2004 and is widely known as the dotcom bubble is investigated. The approach to assessing the performance of the company in terms of profits completely discredited itself, which led to the bankruptcy of many companies, the opening of litigation for abuse and fraud by equity funds, and the loss of confidence in the IT industry as a whole. After this crisis, the approach to assessing the effectiveness of e-commerce changed, thus, the efficiency of the company’s activity was analysed not by profit, but by cash flow. Nowadays, the concept of free cash flow is introduced for analysing the investment attractiveness of enterprises.The article shows the value of a free cash flow indicator, which became an alternative in determining the effectiveness of both e-commerce enterprises and traditional sales methods. Taking into account the fact the crisis in the IT industry was caused by the overestimation of the value of enterprises in this sector, this indicator is important for determining the efficiency of Internet-based enterprises.Considering the conditions of economic performance, namely, the financial system in which entrepreneurship takes place, it is expedient to interpret the free cash flow indicator according to the factors of influence on the enterprise’s activity. In this study, for the purpose of determining the effectiveness of e-commerce companies, the use of an interpreted free cash flow indicator is offered, i.e. a net free cash flow that takes into account not only the interest in continuous investment for business growth but also reflects the ability of an enterprise to pay off the bank loans and dividends. Considering the investor interests, it will enable the company to be sure in a long-term financial support and development opportunities in the future.
FINANCIAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECTS OF SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE
Authors: Zahorskyi V. S. , Lipentsev A. V. , Yurystovska N. Ya. , Mazii N. H. , Akimov O. O. 
Published: November 2019

The article substantiates key financial and administrative aspects of small business development. It is noted that entrepreneurship in the field of small business is determined as the activity of business units with the inherent features that are both characteristic to entrepreneurial structures in general, and also peculiar features that determine the peculiarities of such a functioning of business units in the sphere of implementing the tasks and objectives of the business. It is highlighted that the success of a small business depends on the conditions of the environment in which entrepreneurial structures operate. It is explained that to such conditions there should be included economic, legal, socio-cultural, demographic, technological, natural-geographical and organizational ones. The peculiarities of business development in developed countries and Ukraine are analyzed and their comparative estimation is presented. It is determined that small and medium business play a significant role in the development of economic systems of developed countries around the world. It is established that the share of small and medium business in the GDP of many developed countries stands for more than 50%, which speaks of their significance for society as a whole.It is proved that in order to reach the level of developed countries in Ukraine and to increase the presence and importance of small business, it is necessary to improve the mechanisms of public administration and to strengthen the financial factor of influence on the processes of business development in the country. The ways of improving financial mechanisms of small business management at the level of the state are presented. The direct and indirect means of public administration influence are characterized, on the basis of which entrepreneurs will be able to attract financial resources for their development.It is suggested to allocate budget allocations, preferential lending and partial compensation of interest rates on loans to the direct means of public administration influence on the development of small business. Also, in the article there is offered to treat the development of alternative financing schemes, the activity of specialized guarantee funds, improvement of access of business to credit resources, improvement of the financial market infrastructure and training of specialists for the provision of consulting services for the participation of small business in financial market operations as the indirect means of public administration influence on the development of small business.
High-Volume Arthroplasty Centers Demonstrate Higher Composite Quality Scores and Enhanced Value
Authors: Hollenbeck Brian , Hoffman Megan A. , Tromanhauser Scott G. 
Published: November 2019

Background:
In recent years, there has been a move toward value-based health care. Value is generally defined as outcome divided by cost; however, it is not clear exactly how to define and measure outcomes. In this study, we utilized the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) to determine how hospital volume and other factors affect quality for patients undergoing total hip and knee arthroplasty.

Methods:
Using the NIS of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), we conducted a retrospective study of all total hip and total knee arthroplasties performed from 2001 to 2011. We identified all procedure and outcome variables using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) billing codes. Patients were grouped into quartiles based on the corresponding hospital’s procedure volume. The quality measurement for each hospitalization was binary, with perfect inpatient care reflecting a favorable result for all of the following outcomes of interest: death, sepsis, postoperative infection, thromboembolic events, venous thrombosis, hematoma, blood transfusion, and length of stay below average. The Perfect Inpatient Care Index (PICI) was then calculated for each hospital. The PICI was defined as the number of hospitalizations with no unfavorable outcomes divided by total volume of arthroplasty. Value was measured as the PICI divided by the mean total charges. Multivariable nested regression was used to determine variables that predict perfect inpatient care.

Results:
From 2001 to 2011, the NIS database reported 1,651,354 total hip or total knee arthroplasties. Hospital arthroplasty volume ranged from 0 to 11,758 procedures. Overall, hospital PICI scores increased as arthroplasty volume increased. In multivariable nested regression analysis, procedure volume (odds ratio [OR] for the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile, 2.116 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.883 to 2.378]) and lower patient acuity (OR, 2.450 [95% CI, 2.429 to 2.472]) were independently associated with better PICI scores. Value increased as hospital procedure volume increased.

Conclusions:
Hospital procedure volume varied widely. Although small differences were seen in individual outcome measures, composite scores (PICI) and value were substantially better at hospitals that had higher procedure volume and in lower-acuity patients.

Level of Evidence:
Economic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Successful Appraisal of Maximum Reservoir Contact Well in an Undeveloped Reservoir Through Well Construction and Integrated Fit for Purpose Engineering & Technology
Authors: Al-Hassani Sultan Dahi , Altameemi Ibrahim Mohamed , Ahmed Shafiq Naseem , Khan Owais Ameer , Al Hammadi Mariam Khaleel , Zakaria Hasan Mohammed , Saqib Talha , Fernandes Warren , Potshangbam Sanathoi , Saravanakumar Krishnan , Hassan Syed 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Undeveloped reservoirs poses many uncertainties in terms of reservoir structural control and inherent properties and as a result integrated fit for purpose engineering and technology plays a vital role to drill, appraise and complete a well successfully. While Maximum Reservoir Contact (MRC) wells show promise in increased deliverability, sustainability and cumulative recovery, the risk of high cost, reduced well life and sustainability issues can become real if the well is not planned, executed and appraised properly.
This paper focuses on the integrated multi-disciplinary approach between Reservoir Engineering, Petroleum Engineering, Drilling and Geoscience functions to achieve MRC of 8,500 ft. in two sublayers of 3 ft. each while mapping and avoiding any potential risk for water zones. Data acquisition pertaining to reservoir characterization, fracture and fault identification was planned to enhance this undeveloped reservoir understanding and to optimize lower completion design.
3D real-time multiwell reservoir modelling and updating capabilities with appropriate LWD measurements for Proactive Geosteering and Formation Evaluation was planned. Based on forward response model from offset well data along with drilling engineering and data acquisition requirements, an LWD suite consisting of RSS, Gamma Ray Image, High Resolution Resistivity Image (Fracture and Fault identification), NMR (both Total and Partial Porosities, and T2 Distribution) along with a Deep Azimuthal Resistivity measurement for early detection and avoidance of conductive/water zones was utilized.
Achieved a field record of the longest drain drilled with 8,500 ft. of MRC. The fit for purpose real time LWD measurements enabled successful placement of the lower completion and blanking the risk zones for pro-longed sustainable production. Identification of fracture zones in real time helped in optimizing the completion plan while drilling. Based on this well's results, it is established that replicating the same practice could positively affect the overall Field Development potential. The same technique is planned for the future development of undeveloped reservoirs in this field.
Achieving the Three Dimensions of Mixed Refrigerant Compressor Efficiency
Authors: Tushar Patel , Michael Drewes , James Zhao 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Investors in small-scale LNG (SSLNG) face the grave challenge of achieving cost efficiency, operational efficiency, and energy efficiency in the equipment they use, all with maximum availability. In this context, the mixed refrigerant compressor's initial design plays a particularly substantial role – and challenge – in both the efficiency and the ROI of an SSLNG plant. In addressing the overall efficiency requirement of the mixed refrigerant compressor, the design must consider several key requirements, such as power consumption, seal leakage rates, and performance degradation during the life of the compressor. Regarding ROI, plant CAPEX, which consists of equipment cost and installation cost (i.e., space, complexity installation time), and OPEX (i.e., power, maintenance interval, and cost) play a vital role. This case study – written jointly by representatives from the turbomachinery OEM and from the end user of an SSLNG plant in China, respectively – will examine how different compressor technologies can address these different dimensions of efficiency requirements.
Evaluating different compressor technology solutions for such applications, the authors will examine in detail how a mixed refrigerant compressor can be tailored to meet the needs of a specific plant's processes. Furthermore, the authors describe how a 27 MW (36 200 hp) integrally geared mixed refrigerant compressor deployed in a Chinese SSLNG plant in a single mixed refrigerant cycle supports the achieving of different efficiency parameters. In the compressor design, for example, choosing open or closed impellers can translate into substantial efficiency gains. The case study will also examine how inlet guide vanes (IGVs) allow operators to make full use of agile plant deployment while increasing compressor efficiency by up to 9%. By guiding and regulating inlet flow, IGVs provide more accurate process control at a constant discharge pressure. Variable IGVs can also offer a good operating range and superior partial-load performance for the differing conditions encountered in small-scale LNGs. The integrally geared compressor solution deployed in the case study is designed to deliver 98% reliability and 84% compressor efficiency. In addition, by incorporating seal support, lube oil, and the main compressor on the same skid (single-lift design) is up to 25% smaller than that of inline compressors. The integrally geared approach also allows for intercooling between stages, which improves both energy and cost efficiency by about 2%.
A Novel Approach to the Geomechanical Characterization of Basement Fractures- Are Open Fractures Necessarily Critically Stressed
Authors: Chakraborty Srimanta , Kidambi Tapan , Sharma Ashish , Sabu KG 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This paper attempts to answer a fundamental question pertinent to fracture characterization of unconventional basement reserves using rock mechanics & petrophysics; are open fractures in basements necessary critically stressed? Evaluation of naturally occurring fractures are critical for production as well as reserves estimation. In this regard, a study well was drilled in the basement section of the Cauvery basin to explore unconventional pay zones & characterize the contributing fractures by integrated Geomechanical & Petrophysical analysis.
A suite of open hole logs including the basic, acoustic and electrical borehole images were acquired and an integrated approach was taken, including geomechanical analysis to identify the contributing fractures. Standard petrophysical evaluation in basements was inconclusive and porosity quantification from fractures posed a major challenge. Image log analysis involved identification of conductive and resistive fractures in the gauged wellbore and combining Stoneley reflectivity further indicated probable open fractures. Following this, a geomechanical analysis was carried out to determine the current in-situ stress orientation/magnitudes based on observed breakouts. Finally a CSF study was done to check for fracture slip events.
Based on the integrated study of Petrophysics and Geomechanics, an optimized workflow was developed and the critically stressed fractures were identified. It was found that, while some fractures strike direction was different from the present day maximum horizontal stress direction (SHmax), in general, most fractures were indeed aligned to SHmax. To check the fluid flowing capability of fracture networks, formation tester was deployed in selective zones for testing and sampling. Successful hydrocarbon sampling from selective fractures with orientation not aligned to SHmax led to the validation of the current study. The results proved that while most critically stressed/open fractures did indeed contribute to flow, a smaller fraction of the naturally occurring fractures while contributing to flow, were not necessarily aligned to the in situ orientations.
The results present a discrepancy between observation and the expectation that open fractures are necessarily oriented parallel or nearly parallel to modern-day SHmax. This works highlights the fact that although paleo-stresses may influence the fracture networks, it is the contemporary in-situ stresses that truly dominate fluid flow and only through a detailed understanding of the critically stressed areas, can we come to a decisive conclusion that further improves overall recovery.
Hydraulic Fracturing Operations Enhancement in Depleted Horizontal Gas Wells, a Novel Approach with Outstanding Results
Authors: Nunez Alvaro Javier , Al-Farei Ibrahim , Benchekor Ahmed , Al Husaini Nasser Khalfan , Sayapov Ernest , Al-Shanfari Abdul Aziz , Al Bahri Khalfan Mubarak , Chavez Juan Carlos , Al Hinai Adnan Saif 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Hydraulically fracturing operations is becoming much more complex as the gas formations are being depleted with the time. In addition to this, some gas reserves need to be recovered by fracturing horizontal wells with multiple stages which is the case of an extensive gas field in the Sultanate of Oman that has been producing since 1991 mainly by hydraulic fracturing.
The scope of this paper is to discuss the different methodologies in the operations associated to hydraulic fracturing in horizontal gas wells with formations depleted in PDO, the main objective is to show operations and well delivery improvement by the optimization of tools conveyance, perforating techniques, clean out and milling strategy. The paper will show the enhancement of the operations and the outstanding results in these challenging well conditions. The paper will start by describing the different methods used to execute operations for fracturing horizontal wells which are mainly related to plug and perf technique, clean out and milling plugs in between stages. Further, it will discuss the strategy, planning and job execution of one of the wells with 14 stages in the horizontal section, the perforating technique and strategy used to help reduce screen out's, it will also discuss the acquisition of spectral Noise log data post fracturing with the assistance of Nitrogen as well as the milling of the isolation plugs at the end of the job.
The optimization of the conventional operations is a novel approach to enhance hydraulic fracturing in depleted horizontal gas wells in PDO, this is in alignment with the continuous improvement ideas and the lean thinking across the oil and gas industry. It is easy to replicate in other horizontal wells to be hydraulically fractured which will reduce cost, HSE exposure and will help increase the recovery of hydrocarbon reserves.