bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aberrant Lymphatic Drainage of Primary Invasive Lobular Carcinoma with Concurrent Primary Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Rina Won , Denney Emily 
Published: December 2020

Background: Lymphatic spread of breast cancer is currently well understood and can be assessed in breast cancer patients through the use of lymphatic mapping with sentinel node biopsy, CT, PET.
The Case: Here we present a case report of a 73-year-old female with two distinct primary carcinomas, right-sided invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast and left-sided adenocarcinoma of the lung. We also discuss the predictable and unpredictable lymphatic drainage of the lobular carcinoma, including ipsilateral drainage to the axillary chain and suspected contralateral hilar and mediastinal lymph node metastasis.
Conclusion: The unique lymphatic spread of breast cancer, in this case, emphasizes the use of lymphatic mapping for the staging of disease and staining biopsied tissue samples for tumor markers to guide treatment. Additional anatomic research in this patient or supporting reported cases are needed to determine the frequency and cause of aberrant lymphatic drainage of primary invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast.
The Negative Correlation of Spice Intake and Colorectal Cancer: A Statistical Analysis of Global Health Databases
Authors: Mani Shinjit , Pramanik Nathan , Rao Deeksha , Sharma Stuti , Akhmetov Timur 
Published: December 2020

Background: Colorectal Cancer (CRC) has multiple risk factors and depends highly on diet. Positive associations of red meat and processed meat intake and CRC have been proven, but no research has been conducted on the relation of spice intake and CRC risk. Various in-vitro studies have demonstrated the anticancer activity of chemicals present in spices, which is the main driving force for our statistical analysis.
Methods: We analyzed Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, Food and Agricultural Organization of United Nations (FAO) database, and Global Dietary Database (GDD) using Pearson correlation statistics to find any significant correlation, mainly between spice intake and CRC risk. Data from 1990 to 2013 of 100 countries was collected for the analysis. Twenty-three-year average values (±SD) were calculated for CRC risk, spice, red meat, processed meat, vegetable, and fruit intake. CRC risk is taken as dependent variable whereas all other were independent variables. All variables were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. Results with p<0.05 were further analyzed using regression analysis.
Results: Pearson correlation showed that spice intake had a significant negative correlation (r= -0.301, p=0.002) whereas red meat (r= 0.722, p<0.001) and processed meat (r= 0.339, p<0.001) had a significant positive correlation with CRC risk.
Conclusion: Significant negative correlation between spice intake and CRC risk indicates that higher spice intake can be preventive against cancer and possibly decrease the risk of colorectal cancer in populations with higher CRC risk.
Arbitrary Law Making and Unorderable Subjectivities in Legal Theoretical Approaches to Migration
Authors: Rigo Enrica 
Published: December 2020

The article considers the changes that have affected European border regimes of migration control as a testcase for discussing arbitrariness. The argument highlights the limited capacity of notions of arbitrariness defined as a departure from the rule of law to capture the ongoing conflict at the borders of Europe and brings, instead, to the foreground the ambivalent meaning of arbitrariness.
By comparing Santi Romano’s classical theory of legal pluralism with recent analyses of legal globalization processes, arbitrariness emerges either as an authoritative attempt to impose a different order on society or as a means to contrast acts of resistance to border regimes. In both cases, arbitrariness forcefully blurs the limits between the ordered and unordered, indicating the paradoxical impossibility of excluding the law’s outside from the legal order.
On these premises, the article advocates the importance of reframing the demand for open borders as a call for freedom of those who challenge the pragmatic order of migration regimes. Indeed, arbitrariness is necessarily limited when the legal order recognizes, to an extent, the agency and the claims of subjectivities that resist the dichotomy between inclusion and exclusion.
Keywords: migration, arbitrariness, borders, legal order
Interrogating Boundaries against Animals and Machines: Human Speciesism in British Newspapers
Authors: Bryson Kathleen , Soligo Christophe , Sommer Volker 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTHumans favor and venerate their ingroups, while disregarding outgroups to the degree of dehumanizing them. We explore the social construction of such boundaries and its associated speciesism toward two nonhuman outgroups: animals and machines. For this, we analyzed UK newspaper coverages of the binaries Human–Animal and Human–Machine between 1995 and 2010. We quantified if and how tolerance toward ambiguous concepts that challenge and expand definitions of humanness (e.g., nonhuman primates, cyborgs) varied across time as well as with journalist gender, political leaning, and expertise. In this analysis, the ca. 1100 individual journalists stood as proxies for the British public and therefore as a human-ingroup subset. We found more tolerance toward intermediaries in broadsheet newspapers, females, and subject experts, as opposed to tabloids, males, and subject novices. Moreover, ambiguity tolerance hit a low during the year 2000, likely due to Western sociopolitical turbulence—potentially including wider societal stress over the landmark millennium year itself—attesting that ingroups become more closed during stressful times. Compared with the plasticity of the Human–Animal dichotomy, the Human–Machine binary was more rigid, indicating that the relative novelty of IT developments triggers increased caution and anxiety. Our research suggests that cognitive mechanisms facilitating human-ingroup protection are deep-rooted, albeit malleable according to changing socioeconomic conditions.
“What Is Written? How Do You Read It?” Tracking P and J in Genesis the Gospels
Authors: Savoie John 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
Genesis opens with a provocation as it juxtaposes creation stories fitted neatly, though distinctly, as two blocks of ashlar. The difficulty of the Documentary Hypothesis comes later and lies in the details of tracking the voices of P and J and their cousins through the rest of the Pentateuch. To refresh this fascinating, frustrating, well-worn exercise, I propose something that seems at first counterintuitive: tracking P and J not from Genesis into Exodus but, skipping down the generations, through their intertextual presence in the Gospels with emphasis on Jesus’s healings, which function as patches on creation. Some predictable relationships emerge: the Gospel of John privileges the potent spoken word much as does the P-text of Gen 1; the earthier Synoptics, Mark earthiest of all, follow the creation story of Gen 2 as Jesus heals by touch and spit. How neatly the strands seem to align: P is to J as John is to the Synoptics. But there comes a twist. The Gospel of Mark also recounts healings as logos-centric as any verse in John or Gen 1, while the living Word of John is as skilled in healing by mud as Yahweh is in molding Adam from clay. The distinctive vitalities of P and J can be traced easily enough, but their courses twist and turn as they run into a mysterious whole as simple yet perplexing as a Möbius strip. Attention to these intertextualities freshly illuminates the dynamic of difference and unity in both Genesis and the Gospels.
Mongolia and Сanada relationship :
Authors: Denzenlkham Ulambayar 
Published: December 2020

This article discusses the relationship between Mongolia and Canada Mongolia’s “third neighbor”, key partner, and member of G7, G20, NATO, APEC. Canada recognized Mongolia in 1964 de facto and two parties established diplomatic relations on November 30, 1973 de jure. Canada has been one of the strong supporters of the democratic processes and market economic changes that began in Mongolia in the early 1990’s. Mongolia opened its Embassy to Canada in Ottawa in December 2001, and the Embassy of Canada to Mongolia was opened in Ulaanbaatar in September 2008. The two countries are in close cooperation in political, trade and economic, developmental, education and defense spheres and particularly in mining sector. Legal framework of Mongolia and Canada Expanded Partnership was established in October 2004. Right Honorable Mr. David Johnston, Governor General of Canada, paid a state visit to Mongolia on October 2013, which was of a significant importance. During the visit of Geoff Regan, Speaker of the House of Commons of Canada in September 2016 in Mongolia it was agreed to step up level of bilateral relations into extended partnership towards comprehensive partnership.
Монгол-Канадын харилцаа, хамтын ажиллагаа: Өргөн хүрээтэй түншлэлээс иж бүрэн түншлэлийн зүгт
Хураангуй: Энэхүү өгүүлэлд Монгол Улсын “гуравдагч хөрш”, чухаг түнш, Долоогийн бүлэг, 20-ийн бүлэг, НАТО болон АПЕК-ийн гишүүн Канад ба Монгол Улсын харилцаа, хамтын ажиллагааны тухай өгүүлнэ. Монгол, Канад нь 1973 оны 11 дүгээр сарын 30-нд дипломат харилцаа тогтоосон бөгөөд, Монгол Улс 2001 оны 12 дугаар сард Оттава хотноо, Канад улс 2008 онд Улаанбаатар хотноо ЭСЯ-аа харилцан нээсэн билээ. Канад нь 1990-ээд оны эхнээс Монгол Улсад өрнөсөн ардчилсан үйл явц, зах зээлийн эдийн засгийн өөрчлөлтийг идэвхтэй дэмжиж ирсэн юм. Хоёр талын хамтын ажиллагаа улс төр, худалдаа-эдийн засаг, хөгжлийн хамтын ажиллагаа, боловсрол, батлан хамгаалах салбарт ойр дөт хөгжиж байна. 2004 оны 10 дугаар сард Монгол, Канадын “Өргөн хүрээтэй түншлэл”-ийн эрхзүйн үндэс тавигдсан. 2013 оны 10 дугаар сард Канад улсын Амбан захирагч эрхэмсэг ноён Давид Жонстон Монголд айлчилсан нь чухал ач холбогдолтой болов. 2016 оны 9 дүгээр сард Канадын парламентын Нийтийн танхимын дарга Жиофф Реган Монголд айлчлах үеэр хоёр талын “өргөн хүртээтэй түншлэл”- ийг “иж бүрэн түншлэл”-ийн түвшинд шат ахиулах талаар санал нэгдсэн болно.
Түлхүүр үгс: дипломат харилцаа, хамтын ажиллагаа, өргөн хүрээтэй түншлэл, “гуравдагч хөрш”, хэлэлцээр, айлчилал, элчин сайдын яам, найрсаг харилцаа, тунхаглал, иж бүрэн түншлэл.
Stereology with cylinder probes
Authors: Cruz-Orive Luis Manuel , Gual-Arnau Ximo 
Published: December 2020

Intersection formulae of Croton type for general geometric probes are well known in integral geometry. For the special case of cylinders with non necessarily convex direktrix, however, no equivalent formula seems to exist in the literature. We derive such formula resorting to motion invariant probability elements associated with test systems, instead of using a traditional approach. Because cylinders are seldom used as probes in stereological practice, however, this note is mainly of a theoretical nature.
FIRO-B: Recenze metody
Authors: Pospíšilová Alexandra , Sandanusová Andrea 
Published: December 2020

Dotazník FIRO-B môže byť použitý v oblasti pracovnej psychológie, napríklad pri práci so skupinou, ďalej v oblasti individuálneho, párového alebo skupinového poradenstva. Konkrétne môže poslúžiť ako pomocný nástroj pri poznávaní svojich interpersonálnych potrieb a ich kompatibility vo vzťahu k druhým ľuďom. FIRO-B môže slúžiť ako facilitačná metóda, ktorá umožňuje či už dvojici alebo členom skupiny zistiť, čo od seba navzájom vyžadujú a ako si myslia, že sa sami prejavujú. Predpokladáme, že vzhľadom k vysokej zjavnej validite a len mierne líšiacim sa položkám proband vie, čo svojimi odpoveďami vyjadruje. FIRO-B môže poslúžiť ako pomocná metóda, ktorá môže poskytnúť podnet k rozhovoru, alebo ako doplnková metóda k iným nástrojom. Pričom je dôležité upozorniť participanta na vyššie uvedené nedostatky metódy a najmä na zastaranosť noriem, aby na svoje výsledky nahliadal s potrebnou rezervou a odstupom. Taktiež je dôležité, aby si bol týchto nedostatkov vedomý aj samotný užívateľ metódy, najmä kvôli nejasnostiam v spôsobe interpretovania skóre (prisudzovanie váhy interpretačným absolútnym meradlám a normám). Metódu však neodporúčame používať ako samostatný diagnostický nástroj a jeho výsledky interpretovať za účelom individuálnej diagnostiky.
Implementing the Assessment Standards for School Mathematics: Seamless Assessment/Instruction = Good Teaching
Authors: Lambdin Diana V. , Forseth Clare 
Published: December 2020

[Assessment serves] to help teachers better understand what students know and make meaningful instructional decisions. (NCTM 1989, 189)Assessment of students and analysis of instruction are fundamentally interconnected. Mathematics teachers should monitor students' learning on an ongoing basis in order to assess and adjust their teaching. (NCTM 1991, 63)
Human Ferritin Platform and Its Optimized Structures to Enhance Anti‐Cancer Immunity
Authors: Lee Bo‐Ram , Lee Hyo‐Jung , Huh June , Yoon Chul Joo , Oh Se Jin , Song Kwon‐Ho , Jeong Sojin , Kim Jungwon , Lee Kyung‐Mi , Shin Beom Soo , Jeong Ji Hoon , Kim Tae Woo , Lee Jeewon 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAlthough anti‐cancer vaccination and immune checkpoint (IC) therapy have emerged as potent cancer treatment modalities, their application remains limited to a subset of patients due to vaccine adjuvant toxicities and IC‐blocking antibody‐associated systemic immune adverse events. Here, an innovative platform is reported for adjuvant‐ and antibody‐free cancer immunotherapy using human heavy chain ferritin (huHF)‐derived optimally designed structures presenting multiple‐copies of tumor‐specific antigens (TSAs) or IC molecules (ICMs) on their surface. Through structure‐guided molecular design, TSA‐presenting huHFs for targeting TSAs at dendritic cells (DCs) are constructed with preservation of huHF‐intrinsic affinity for transferrin receptors on DCs, and multi‐copies of an ICM are also presented on huHF for blocking a cognate regulatory IC. The adjuvant‐free co‐administration of TSA‐ and ICM‐presenting huHFs effectively elicits TSA‐specific CD8+ T cell activation, strikingly suppresses both tumor growth and interleukin 17+ CD4+ T cell responses, and generates long‐lasting protective immunity, indicating that this novel approach offers a promising breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy.
What’s in a therapy room?—A mixed‐methods study exploring clients’ and therapists’ views and experiences of the physical environment of the therapy room
Authors: Sinclair T. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAim and objectivesTo explore the importance of the physical space of therapy rooms (used for counselling/psychotherapy) to clients and therapists. To identify which aspects of therapy rooms are most important to clients and therapists and how these aspects contribute to an environment that is conducive or hindering to the therapy process.MethodThis was a mixed‐methods study, using a concurrent triangulation design. Data were gathered using an online survey and semi‐structured interviews. Quantitative and qualitative data were analysed using statistical analysis and thematic analysis, respectively. Participants were twenty‐four clients who had experienced counselling or psychotherapy and twenty‐one qualified therapists (psychologists, counsellors and psychotherapists).FindingsFrom the survey data, comfortable seating and room temperature, soundproofing, no interruptions and accessibility of the room were identified as most important to clients and therapists. Participants reported that feeling physically comfortable and safe in a room enabled a greater engagement with the therapeutic process. Rooms with a ‘clinical’ appearance were described as unhelpful. From the interview data, themes identified were as follows: ‘comfort’, ‘the appearance and meaning of the room’ and ‘the room as a workspace’.ConclusionsThe physical environment of the therapy room can play an important role in clients feeling comfortable and able to engage. It is important to consider the appropriateness of rooms for particular client groups/issues and consult with clients and therapists about therapy rooms. Further research is needed into the interaction between clients’ presenting issues and the room and the effect of cultural differences upon the experience of therapy rooms.
Neonatal diagnosis of Marcus Gunn jaw‐winking syndrome
Authors: David Daniela , Chiavaroli Valentina , Lanci Modesto , Sabatini Laura , Greco Silvia , Carinci Silvia , Sebastiani Marianna , Coclite Eleonora , Chiarelli Francesco , Di Valerio Susanna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis report highlights the importance for neonatologists/pediatricians of considering Marcus Gunn jaw‐winking syndrome among differential diagnoses of ptosis. A detailed clinical assessment is crucial to promptly recognize and appropriately manage it.
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Chiglitazar, a Peroxisome Proliferator‐Activated Receptor Pan‐Agonist, in Patients < 65 and ≥ 65 Years With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Li Xiaojiao , Yu Jia , Wu Min , Li Qianqian , Liu Jingrui , Zhang Hong , Zhu Xiaoxue , Li Cuiyun , Zhang Jinwen , Ning Zhiqiang , Ding Yanhua 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe effect of age on the pharmacokinetics and safety of chiglitazar was evaluated in patients < 65 and ≥ 65 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 20 T2DM patients (<65 vs ≥65 years 1:1) completed the study. Patients received multiple doses of 48 mg chiglitazar once daily for 7 days consecutively. After the first dosing, chiglitazar maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and area under the plasma concentration‐time curve (AUC) in patients ≥ 65 years were similar to those observed in patients < 65 years, with the geometric mean ratio (GMR) for Cmax and AUC being 97.22% and 96.83%, respectively. No significant difference was observed in Cmax (GMR, 97.23%) in the steady state. Compared with the patients < 65 years, a slight increase (8%‐13%) of AUC was observed in the patients ≥ 65 years after multiple doses. Chiglitazar was generally well tolerated following multiple doses in both age groups. In conclusion, there were no significant clinical influences on the pharmacokinetic properties and safety profiles of chiglitazar between patients with T2DM < 65 and ≥ 65 years, indicating that in the future it is not required to adjust the dosing regimen by age for T2DM patients ≥ 65 years.
Implementation and validation of new optimization methods by genetic algorithm for two‐parameter ridge estimator
Authors: Tekeli Erkut , Özbay Nimet , Kaçiranlar Selahattin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractTwo‐parameter estimators have increasing usage in the linear regression model concerning mitigating the problem of multicollinearity. In this type of biased estimators, two different parameters contribute to the solution of two different problems. Previously defined two‐parameter ridge estimator (TPRE) assures considerable merits in this context. This estimator eliminates unfavorable effects of multicollinearity as well as improves the coefficient of multiple determination for the linear regression model. Concerning the TPRE, both the mean square error comparisons and some conventional selection methods for the biasing parameters are available in the literature.In this article, we mainly focus on the simultaneous estimation of the biasing parameters of the TPRE through some new optimization techniques by genetic algorithm. To observe validation of the new approaches, we perform a numerical example in addition to a Monte Carlo study. The outcomes of these runnings prove the dominance of the new approaches in comparison to existing techniques in the literature.
Highly Efficient Orange‐Red Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Compounds Comprising Dual Dicyano‐Substituted Pyrazine/Quinoxaline Acceptors
Authors: Li Hejun , Yang Tong , Wang Jiaxuan , Xie Ning , Wang Qingyang , Xu Yincai , Zhao Yuguang , Liang Baoyan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe π‐conjugation of molecules has a large influence on their excited state properties, especially for red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials. Two orange‐red TADF compounds comprising dual dicyano‐substituted pyrazine/quinoxaline acceptors have been designed and synthesized. TPA‐2DCNQ (3,3′‐((phenylazanediyl)bis(4,1‐phenylene))bis(2‐phenylquinoxaline‐6,7‐dicarbonitrile) with extended π‐conjugated quinoxaline as the acceptor exhibits higher photoluminescence quantum yields (ca. 0.67–0.71) in doped films. A smaller energy splitting (ΔEst) between the first singlet excited state and triplet excited state is also achieved, indicating that extending the π‐conjugation of the acceptor rationally is an effective approach to designing highly efficient long‐wavelength TADF materials. Devices with TPA‐2DCNQ as the emitter display maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 12.6–14.0 %, which are more than twice those of devices containing TPA‐2DCNPZ (6,6′‐((phenylazanediyl)bis(4,1‐phenylene))bis(5‐phenylpyrazine‐2,3‐dicarbonitrile).
Thiophene‐Fused Naphthodiphospholes: Modulation of the Structural and Electronic Properties of Polycyclic Aromatics by Precise Fusion of Heteroles
Authors: Ishida Keiichi , Higashino Tomohiro , Wada Yoshimasa , Kaji Hironori , Saeki Akinori , Imahori Hiroshi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractFor polycyclic aromatics with heterole‐fused structures, the orientation of fused heterole rings as well as the geometry of their fused structures has a large impact on the physicochemical properties. In this study, a series of isomers of thiophene‐fused naphthodiphospholes was designed and synthesized. Systematic investigation unveiled the explicit impact of heterole‐fused structures on their structural and electronic properties. The isomers with 1,2/5,6‐fused structure display phosphorescence due to enhanced spin‐orbit coupling, whereas the isomers with 2,3/6,7‐fused structure exhibit intense fluorescence. The trans isomers exhibited 1D slip π‐stacked arrangement. In contrast, the cis isomers displayed 2D herringbone structure or columnar structure with a cavity. Therefore, the precisely controlled fusion of heterole rings is a universal approach to uncover their intrinsic properties for versatile applications as organic functional materials.
Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) /SERPINB1 ameliorates ROS production in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Liang Xiaoya , Su Yanjin , Huo Yongbo 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWith the increasing prevalence of diabetes in recent years, diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become a severe disease that greatly threatens human health. DN not only is a common complication of diabetes, but also takes an important place in kidney disease. To this end, the present study was designed to explore the effects of Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in DN mice. DN mice were treated with recombinant protein of FoxO1. Afterward, inflammation ELISA kits were used to measure the levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐18. The levels of MDA, SOD, GSH, and GSH‐PX were measured using kits according to the manufacturer's instructions. In addition, the production of ROS was assessed. Interestingly, the expression of FoxO1 was down‐regulated in DN mice. The treatment of FoxO1 recombinant protein ameliorated MDA levels, increased the levels of SOD, GSH, and GSH‐PX, and induced both mRNA and protein expression of hepatic serine protease inhibitor B1 (serpinB1) in ND mice. Similarly, FoxO1 reduced MDA levels and ROS production, increased the levels of SOD, GSH, and GSH‐PXs, and induced the mRNA and protein expression of serpinB1 in in vitro model of DN. The inhibition of serpinB1 attenuated the effects of FoxO1 on ROS production‐induced oxidative stress in in vitro model of DN. Overall, FoxO1/SERPINB1 ameliorated ROS production‐induced oxidative stress in DN.