bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Membranous aplasia cutis congenita in trisomy 18
Authors: Cammarata-Scalisi Francisco , Diociaiuti Andrea , de Guerrero Blanca , Willoughby Colin Eric , Callea Michele 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a rare congenital condition characterized by the absence of skin layers and sometimes other underlying structures, in a localized or widespread area. The exact etiopathogenesis is not yet completely understood. Membranous ACC (MACC) also described as bullous or cystic ACC is a clinical subtype of ACC, covered with a membranous or glistening surface, and appears as a flat scar. There are less than 20 cases reported in the literature. It has been proposed an abortive form of a defective closure of the neural tube. On the other hand, the trisomy 18 is a chromosomal abnormality characterized by a broad clinical spectrum and the presence of defective closure of the neural tube.

Case presentation
We report on an 18-months-old Venezuelan boy, who presented on the parietal scalp a distinctive localized MACC appearing as an oval lesion covered with a membranous surface, characterized by the absence of hairs and the presence of a sharp hair collar. The karyotype in peripheral blood was 47,XY,+ 18.

Conclusions
This is the second case report of ACC in trisomy 18 and reinforces the interpretation of a non-fortuitous association as well as of a defective closure of the neural tube as pathogenetic mechanism. The case highlights the importance of examining for dermatological alterations such as ACC in cases of chromosomopathy.
Kawasaki disease epidemic: pitfalls
Authors: Gallizzi Romina , Corsello Giovanni , Pajno Giovanni Battista 
Published: August 2020

AbstractRecent reports have described in the pediatric population a new type of hyperinflammatory response manifested following contact with SARS-CoV-2, with some of the clinical features attributable to Kawasaki disease (KD). The purpose of this commentary is to remark on a possible recent association between SARS-CoV-2 and KD. Although today little is known about the etiology of KD, the most accepted hypothesis is that of a probable viral etiology, therefore, even the SARS-CoV-2 virus could trigger, in genetically predisposed subjects, an exaggerated inflammatory response that is clinically evident like the one described in KD.
Hydroxychloroquine for post-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 among naval personnel in Sri Lanka: study protocol for a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Niriella Madunil A. , Ediriweera Dileepa S. , De Silva Arjuna P. , Premarathne Ranjan , Balasooriya Priyantha , Duminda Kaluthanthri D. , Malavige Neelika G. , Wanigasuriya Kamani , Lekamwasam Sarath , Kularathne Senanayake A. , Siribaddana Sisira , de Silva Hithanadura J. , Jayasinghe Saroj 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The first case of a coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection in a Sri Lankan was reported on March 11, 2020. The situation in Sri Lanka changed with the rapid increase of personnel contracting COVID-19 in a naval base camp that housed more than 4000 people. This provided a unique opportunity to study the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), while taking stringent, non-pharmacologic, public health measures to prevent spread. Our aim is to study the effectiveness and safety of HCQ for PEP among naval personnel with exposure to COVID-19-positive patients.

Methods/design
This is a placebo-controlled, randomized, clinical trial carried out in the naval base camp and quarantine centers of the Sri Lanka Navy, Ministry of Defense, Sri Lanka. Navy personnel who are exposed to a patient with confirmed COVID-19 infection but test negative for the virus on reverse real-time polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) at recruitment will be randomized, 200 to each arm, to receive HCQ or placebo and monitored for the development of symptoms or rRT-PCR positivity for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus for 14 days.

Discussion
This trial will provide high-quality evidence of the effectiveness and safety of HCQ as PEP for COVID-19. The study design is unique due to the circumstances of the outbreak in a confined area among otherwise healthy adults, at a relatively early stage of its spread.

Trial registration
Sri Lanka Clinical Trials Registry (SLCTR) SLCTR/2020/011. Registered on 04 May 2020
Hepatocyte paraffin 1 and arginase-1 are effective panel of markers in HBV-related HCC diagnosis in fine-needle aspiration specimens
Authors: Moudi Bita , Mahmoudzadeh-Sagheb Hamidreza , Heidari Zahra 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective
In order to make successful treatment for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma, an early diagnosis is necessary. In this research we aimed to evaluate the IHC staining pattern of Hepatocyte paraffin 1 and arginase-1 and their performance in early diagnosis of HCC. The incidence of HepPar-1 and Arg-1 were evaluated by IHC in 121 patients (HBV, HCC, HBV + HCC) and 30 healthy subjects.

Results
Arg-1 had significantly increased sensitivity in identification of HBV + HCC patients compared to HepPar-1 (P < 0.001). The sensitivity of arginase-1 is 96.3% whereas, the sensitivity of HepPar-1 is 72.7%. Arg-1 had higher specificity in identification of HBV + HCC patients compared to HepPar-1 (P < 0.05). With one positive marker, the sensitivity, the specificity and the positive predictive values and negative predictive value were 84.3%, 82.4%, 88.6% and 85.4% respectively. Also with one positive marker, the sensitivity and negative predictive value were significantly higher compared to the both 2 positive combinations. It was concluded that Arg-1 can improves the ability to detect HBV + HCC patients when compared with HepPar-1. When, both markers being positive, the specificity and PPVs of this combination were fairly higher. Concurrent use of these two proteins may be one of the best HCC detection patterns in needle specimens.
Potential of termite mounds and its surrounding soils as soil amendments in smallholder farms in central Uganda
Authors: Apori Samuel Obeng , Murongo Marius , Hanyabui Emmanuel , Atiah Kofi , Byalebeka John 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe low fertility of highly weathered soils has been a major problem for resource-constrained smallholder farmers. In central Uganda, smallholder farmers have been collecting termite mound soils anywhere around the termite mound to improve their soil fertility. However, no studies have been conducted on which sections of the termite mounds consist of high soil nutrients. This study was conducted to assess selected major soil essential plant nutrients of soils collected from the top of the mound (TPMS), and the basal part of the mound (BPMS). The surrounding soil samples were collected from five, fifteen, and thirty meters away from the mound (TMSS1, TMSS2, and TMSS3 respectively), covering ten termite mounds in five different maize fields in central Uganda.ResultsTPMS and BPMS had significant (P-value < 0.05) higher N, P, K, OC, Ca and Mg levels than TMSS1, TMSS2, and TMSS3. However, OC levels in BPMS was higher than TPMS. On the whole, termite mounds are beneficial as a source for essential plant nutrients. It will be best if smallholder farmers could collect the termite mound soils from the top and the basal part of the mound to improve the fertility of their soil.
Urinary cytology: a potential tool for differential diagnosis of acute kidney injury in patients with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: de Melo Caroline Vilas Boas , Tavares Maria Brandão , Fernandes Paula Neves , dos Santos Silva Carlos Alberto , Couto Ricardo David , Oliveira Marília Bahiense , dos-Santos Washington L. C. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is a frequent cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). In patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS), AKI demands the differential diagnosis between ATN and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. In some cases, conclusive diagnosis is possible only by kidney biopsy. We aimed to study the potential use of urine cytology in the differential diagnosis between ATN and proliferative glomerular lesion in patients with NS.

Results
Cell size analysis showed a higher proportion of small cells and a lower proportion of large cells in the urine of patients with AKI. Cells phenotypes were easily defined using cytological preparations. Leukocytes were found to be a primary classifier of NS groups, with higher number in patients with AKI and patients with proliferative glomerular lesions. Although renal biopsy is still required for confirmative diagnosis, our data suggests that urinary cytology can be readily performed and support the differential diagnosis between proliferative glomerular lesion and ATN in patients with NS and AKI.
NLRP3 played a role in Trichinella spiralis-triggered Th2 and regulatory T cells response
Authors: Jin Xuemin , Bai Xue , Yang Yong , Ding Jing , Shi Haining , Fu Baoquan , Boireau Pascal , Liu Mingyuan , Liu Xiaolei 
Published: August 2020

AbstractTrichinella spiralis maintains chronic infections within its host. Muscle larvae excretory-secretory products (MLES) typically induce parasite-specific immune responses such as the Th2 response and regulatory T cells (Tregs) by modulating dendritic cell (DC) phenotype via the recognition of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Nod-like receptors (NLRs). We aimed to investigate the role of NLRP3 in T. spiralis-triggered immune response. We found that larvae burden was increased in NLRP3−/− mice compared to wild type (WT) mice. Administration of MLES induced higher levels of IL-4, IL-10, TGF-β and population of Tregs in WT mice than in NLRP3−/− mice. In vitro, we showed that increased expression of CD40 on the surface of MLES-treated DCs was inhibited after NLRP3 knockout. Increased production of IL-1β, IL-18, IL-10 and TGF-β, but not IL-12p70, was significantly diminished in the absence of NLRP3. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that MLES-treated DCs induced higher levels of IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-β and populations of Tregs in vitro. These inductions were abolished by NLRP3 deficiency in DCs, suggesting that NLRP3 in MLES-treated DCs plays a role in promoting the Th2 and Treg response. Taken together, we identified for the first time the involvement of NLRP3 in host defences against T. spiralis.
Research on simulation technology of wireless sensor in swimming mechanics
Authors: Xu Zhiwen 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn order to improve the quantitative teaching level of swimming sports, it is necessary to carry out quantitative analysis of swimming sports mechanics. A method of swimming mechanics analysis based on computer simulation technology is proposed. The ARMA model is used to analyze the mechanics of the limb movement of swimming, the Lagrange dynamics model is used to model the characteristics of the mechanics of swimming movement, and the distributed characteristic parameter model of the dynamics of swimming is analyzed in the space of six degrees of freedom. The dynamic distribution space of swimming motion is obtained by using the forward kinematics analysis model, and the inverse kinematics of multiple degrees of freedom is solved by analytic method, and the global and local joint force and force parameters in swimming are estimated. The model of swimming mechanics is realized. The simulation results show that the proposed method is accurate and accurate in estimating the mechanical parameters of swimming movement, and it can effectively guide swimming training.
Existence and multiplicity of positive solutions to a system of fractional difference equations with parameters
Authors: Siricharuanun Pimchana , Chasreechai Saowaluck , Sitthiwirattham Thanin 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWe consider a fractional difference-sum boundary problem for a system of fractional difference equations with parameters. Using the Banach fixed point theorem, we prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions. We also prove the existence of at least one and two solutions by using the Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem for a cone map. Finally, we give some examples to illustrate our results.
Dynamics of a stochastic eutrophication-chemostat model with impulsive dredging and pulse inputting on environmental toxicant
Authors: Jiao Jianjun , Li Qiuhua 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we present a stochastic eutrophication-chemostat model with impulsive dredging and pulse inputting on environmental toxicant. The sufficient condition for the extinction of microorganisms is obtained. The sufficient condition for the investigated system with unique ergodic stationary distribution is also obtained. The results show that the stochastic noise, impulsive dredging, and pulse input on the environmental toxicant play important roles in the extinction of microorganisms. The results also indicate the effective and reliable controlling strategy for water resource management. Finally, numerical simulations are employed to illustrate our results.
Extension of generalized Fox’s H-function operator to certain set of generalized integrable functions
Authors: Al-Omari Shrideh Khalaf 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this article, we investigate the so-called Inayat integral operator $T_{p,q}^{m,n}$

T

p
,
q

m
,
n

, $p,q,m,n\in \mathbb{Z}$
p
,
q
,
m
,
n
∈
Z
, $1\leq m\leq q$
1
≤
m
≤
q
, $0\leq n\leq p $
0
≤
n
≤
p
, on classes of generalized integrable functions. We make use of the Mellin-type convolution product and produce a concurrent convolution product, which, taken together, establishes the Inayat integral convolution theorem. The Inayat convolution theorem and a class of delta sequences were derived and employed for constructing sequence spaces of Boehmians. Moreover, by the aid of the concept of quotients of sequences, we present a generalization of the Inayat integral operator in the context of Boehmians. Various results related to the generalized integral operator and its inversion formula are also derived.
Technology-supported management education: a systematic review of antecedents of learning effectiveness
Authors: Müller Fabian Alexander , Wulf Torsten 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThis paper provides a systematic, multidisciplinary review of antecedents of the effectiveness of technology-supported management learning and highlights potential directions for future research. Passive knowledge acquisition in physical classrooms is no longer the hallmark of higher education. Instead, the introduction of new technologies allows for active knowledge construction in increasingly virtual spaces. Such changes in the learning environment affect the education of the managers of tomorrow. Nevertheless, research on technology-supported management learning and its implications for management educators is fragmented and inconsistent across research areas. This paper uses a systematic approach to structure and integrate results from the fields of educational psychology, educational technology, higher education, and management education. This allows us to derive a comprehensive overview of the antecedents of the effectiveness of technology-supported management learning from the various disciplines. Our work reveals several areas that require further investigation, including: (i) the best way to blend and flip formats for different management disciplines and content types, (ii) the selection, design, and richness of the technologies used, (iii) the instructor’s teaching style, including feedback and deliberate confusion, and (iv) learners’ affective states, such as their motivations and emotions, and the role of prior knowledge.
Zebrafish as a prodigious tool in neuropsychiatric research
Authors: Durairaj Brindha , Dhanabal Madhumitha 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The zebrafish is the system of choice in developmental biology and genetics in the recent years. Zebrafish genetics is improving, and this opens up new ways to understand genetic mechanisms. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is used for investigation of developmental pathways and neurobiology because of its progression and physiological resemblance to humans. This species strikes stability between the sophistication as a vertebrate and its ease to be used as a model organism. In addition to this, the optical transparency of the developing fish together with novel imaging techniques enables a potent visualization of complex mechanisms at the level of the whole organism.

Methods
This review comprises information regarding zebrafish and its potent use as a model organism to study neurological disorders. The literature was collected from articles published in MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and PUBMED from 1974 to 2018.

Results
This review highlights the applications of Danio rerio in major neuropsychiatric disorders. It paves way to understand the biochemical and molecular pathways that infer in the neuropsychiatric disorders.

Conclusion
The present review discuss the significance of zebrafish as an animal model to study neurological disorders and to demonstrate the behavioural features observed which may be a precursor of a new loom for drug development.
An intimate view into the silica deposition vesicles of diatoms
Authors: Heintze Christoph , Formanek Petr , Pohl Darius , Hauptstein Jannes , Rellinghaus Bernd , Kröger Nils 
Published: August 2020

AbstractDiatoms are single-celled microalgae that produce silica-based cell walls with intricate nano- and micropatterns. Biogenesis of diatom biosilica is a bottom-up process that occurs in large intracellular compartments termed silica deposition vesicles (SDVs). Investigating the mechanisms of silica morphogenesis has so far been severely limited by the lack of methods for imaging the entire volume of an SDV with high spatial resolution during all stages of development. Here we have developed a method that allows for rapid identification and electron microscopy imaging of many different, full sized SDVs that are in the process of producing biosilica valves. This enabled visualizing the development of characteristic morphological biosilica features with unprecedented spatio-temporal resolution. During early to mid-term development, valve SDVs contained ~ 20 nm sized particles that were primarily associated with the radially expanding rib-like biosilica structures. The results from electron dispersive X-ray analysis suggests that the immature biosilica patterns are silica-organic composites. This supports the hypothesis that silica morphogenesis is dependent on organic biomolecules inside the SDV lumen.
COVID-19 pandemic and total knee arthroplasty: the concept of a containment sheet—a frugal innovation
Authors: Shah Vikram Indrajit , Upadhyay Sachin , Shah Kalpesh , Singh Vipin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
The primary purpose of the present study was to assess whether use of proposed containment sheet (so called “a frugal innovation”) minimizes the aerosol and splatter dispersion during total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Material and method
A total of 32 patients with knee osteoarthritis who were scheduled to undergo primary and unilateral TKA reported during the COVID-19 pandemic were enrolled into this prospective single-institution cohort study. Demographic and epidemiological data, travel and contact history were collected. Eligible cohort was randomly assigned to a study (TKA using containment sheet) group and a control group (TKA without containment sheet). Radiological and functional outcomes before operation and at the final follow-up were assessed using Western Ontario and Mc-master Universities Osteoarthritis Index score (WOMAC) and the visual analog scale (VAS). The primary outcome was the postoperative effectiveness of containment sheet and face shield, defined as the numbers of countable macroscopic aerosols and/or splatters to naked eyes. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05 levels.

Results
Present cohort was comprised of 14 men (43.75%) and 18 women (56.25%) with an average age of 65.45 ± 4.07 years (range, 62–75 years). There were no statistically significant differences with regard to baseline parameters and perioperative demographics. Functional outcomes for knee function at the last follow-up showed significant improvement in both the groups (p < 0.05). Face shield showed significant number of aerosols/splatters in control group. Highest number/concentration of aerosols/splatters was contained within the sheet.

Conclusion
The proposed containment sheet can minimize the dispersion of aerosols and splatters generated during TKA and provide a safe healthcare environment in a cost-effective manner.
The added advantage of automated breast ultrasound to mammographically detected different breast lesions in patients with dense breasts
Authors: Ali Engy A. , Ahmed Alaa M. , Elsaid Noha A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in women worldwide. Women with dense breast tend to have 15–25% lifetime risk of breast cancer due to decrease of mammographic sensitivity. Automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) is a new promising tool for detection of breast lesions masked by dense glandular tissue at mammography.

Results
The sensitivity of digital mammography in detecting breast lesions was 60.7%, specificity 91.6%, PPV 85%, NPV 75%, and accuracy 78%. The sensitivity of ABUS in detecting breast lesions was 92.86%, specificity 77.78%, PPV 76.47%, NPV 93.33%, and accuracy 84.38%. The sensitivity of handheld ultrasound (HHUS) in detecting breast lesions was 89.29%, specificity 88.89%, PPV 86.21%, NPV 91.43%, and accuracy 89.06%.

Conclusion
The sensitivity of ABUS in detecting breast lesions was much higher than mammography in dense breast while the digital mammography (DM) had higher specificity. So, implementation of both DM and ABUS to get benefit of DM specificity as well as ABUS sensitivity were highly recommended.
Identifying facilitators and barriers to develop implementation strategy for an ED to Ward handover tool using behaviour change theory (EDWHAT)
Authors: Curtis Kate , Elphick Tiana-Lee , Eyles Madeline , Ruperto Kate 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundEffective clinical handover is fundamental to clinical practice and recognised as a global quality and safety priority. Problems with clinical handover from the emergency department (ED) to inpatient ward across four hospitals in the Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District (ISLHD) were identified in a number of reportable clinical incidents. To address this, an ED to inpatient ward electronic clinical handover tool was developed and implemented. However, site uptake of the tool varied from 45 to 90%.AimTo determine the facilitators and barriers of the ED to Ward Handover Tool (EDWHAT) implementation and design strategy to improve local compliance and inform wider implementation.MethodsAn exploratory convergent mixed-method approach was used. Data were collected via a 13-item electronic survey informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) distributed to eligible nurses across the health district. Descriptive statistics for quantitative data and thematic analysis for qualitative data were conducted. The data were then integrated and mapped to the TDF and the Behaviour Change Wheel to identify specific behaviour change techniques to support implementation.ResultsThere were 300 respondents. The majority of nurses knew where to locate the tool (91.26%), but 45.79% felt that it was not adequate to ensure safe handover. The most frequently reported factors that hindered nurses from using the tool were inability to access a phone near a computer (44.32%) (environmental domain), being told to transfer the patient before being able to complete the form (39.93%) (reinforcement) and the other nurse receiving (or giving) the handover not using the form (38.83%) (social influence). An implementation checklist to identify barriers and solutions to future uptake was developed.ConclusionTo improve uptake, the functionality, content, and flow of the handover tool must be revised, alongside environmental restructuring. Nurses would benefit from an awareness of each speciality’s needs to develop a shared mental model and monitoring, and enforcement of tool use should become part of a routine audit.