bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Sodium-Ion Conductivity in Sulfide Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Batteries
Authors: Hayashi Akitoshi , Motohashi Kota , Sakuda Atsushi 
Published: December 2024

An important material for realizing all-solid-state batteries is a solid electrolyte with high ionic conductivity and excellent compatibility with positive and negative electrodes. Compared to lithium-ion conductors, sodium-ion conducting sulfides are expected to have the advantages of high conductivity and favorable ductility due to the weaker Lewis acidity of sodium ions [1].
Sulfide electrolytes with sodium-ion conductivity have been developed during the last decade. To achieve high ionic conductivity, it is effective to prepare glass electrolytes with high sodium content by the rapid-quenching or mechanochemical methods. Crystallization of glass electrolytes can enhance their conductivity by stabilizing a metastable crystalline phase in glass matrix. The conductivity of the Na3PS4 glass increased to 10−4 S cm−1 by crystallization [2]. We reported that the doping of sodium-ion vacancies in Na3SbS4 by partial substitution of W for Sb is effective in enhancing conductivity to the level of 10−1 S cm−1 [3,4]. Based on the high-temperature stability of sodium polysulfide melt, Na2.88Sb0.88W0.12S4 was synthesized directly from a stoichiometric mixture of Na2S, S, Sb and W by heating at ambient pressure followed by cooling [4].
Glassy Na3BS3 was also prepared by the same synthetic procedure under ambient pressure without the use of a vacuum-tight container [4]. The Na3BS3 glass showed better Na plating/stripping performance than Na3PS4 and is suitable for contact with negative electrodes [5]. Therefore, an all-solid-state cell was fabricated by using two types of solid electrolytes, Na3BS3 on the Na15Sn4 negative electrode and Na2.88Sb0.88W0.12S4 on the TiS2 positive electrode. The cell operated as a rechargeable battery at room temperature and maintained the coulombic efficiency of almost 100% from the 2nd to 300th cycles [4].
References
[1] A. Hayashi et al., Frontiers Energy Res., 4 (2016) 25.
[2] A. Hayashi et al., Nat.Commun., 3 (2012) 856.
[3] A. Hayashi et al, Nat.Commun., 10 (2019) 5266.
[4] A. Nasu et al., Energy Stor. Mater., 67 (2024) 103307.
[5] A. Nasu et al., ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 14 (2022) 24480.
Reproductive Health Literacy and Associated Factors Among High School Adolescents in Boke District, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Batu Getachew Bejiga , Oljira Lemessa , Sisay Mekonnen , Kebira Jemal Yusuf 
Published: December 2024

Background: In recent years, the importance of health literacy in public health has attracted global interest as it affects people’s ability to make health decisions and is associated with health outcomes. Reproductive health literacy (RHL), in particular, affects adolescent’s ability to make sound sexual and reproductive health (SRH) decisions and is shown as a strong predictor of adolescent’s RH outcomes. This study aimed to determine the RHL status and associated factors among high school adolescents in Eastern Ethiopia.Methods: Institutional‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted among 403 randomly selected secondary school adolescents in Boke District, Eastern Ethiopia, from January 1–5, 2021. Data were collected through pretested, structured, and self‐administered questionnaires, entered into Epidata version 3.1, and analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. A comprehensive questionnaires were designed to measure adolescents’ RHL in four functional dimensions (access, understand, appraise, and apply information). A participant’s RHL was categorized as limited or adequate, based on a transformed scale of measurements from 0 to 50. The predictors of the outcome variable were assessed using a logistic regression model and reported using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). A statistical significance was declared at a p value of <0.05.Results: The overall prevalence of limited RHL among adolescents was 81.6% with a 95% CI (77.5%−85.2%). In‐school male adolescents were 52% less likely to score in limited RHL status than their female counterparts (AOR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.26, 0.88). Adolescents who reported attending reproductive health (RH)–related topics in class were 56% less likely to score in limited RHL status than their counterparts (AOR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.23, 0.84). Furthermore, adolescents who reported using at least one RH service component were 60% times less likely to score in limited RHL status compared to their counterparts (AOR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.23, 0.70).Conclusion: A high proportion of school adolescents have limited RHL, suggesting school adolescents are at higher risk of RHL–related problems. Improving adolescent RHL with due attention to school, SRH education is warranted.
Effects of Family Environment on Depressive Symptoms in Postgraduate Students: Longitudinal Moderating Effect of Family Support and Mediating Effect of Psychological Resilience
Authors: Ren Minxuan , Song Jingjing , Zhou Chunyan , Hou Jinbo , Huang Hai , Li Lin 
Published: December 2024

Background: Little is known about the mechanism of the relationship between family environment and depressive symptoms in Chinese master’s and PhD students. The objective of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of family support and the mediating effect of psychological resilience on depressive symptoms in a family environment. The differences between master’s and PhD students are also discussed in this study.Methods: Data for 615 master’s and 78 PhD students were collected using the Family Environment Scale, Depression Self‐Rating Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Psychological Resilience Scale in October every year for 3 years from 2021 to 2023. A latent growth curve mediation model was used to examine the potential mediating role of psychological resilience in the relationship between family environment and depressive symptoms over time.Results: (1) There was a significant positive correlation among family environment, family support, and psychological resilience and a significant negative correlation between these factors and depressive symptoms. (2) Family support moderated the relationship between family environment and depressive symptoms among both master’s and PhD students. (3) Mediation analysis showed that psychological resilience mediated the relationship between family environment and depressive symptoms among master’s students.Conclusion: Family environment is a significant risk factor for depressive symptoms. This association appears to be moderated by family support and mediated by psychological resilience. It is necessary to design depressive symptom prevention programs that consider the family environment of master’s and PhD students. Therefore, mental health services for this population should consider both family support and psychological resilience.
Olfactory Dysfunction as a Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ramos-Cazorla Paula , Carazo-Barrios Lina , Reyes-Bueno Jose A. , Sagües-Sesé Elena , de Rojas-Leal Carmen , Barbancho Miguel A. , Garzón-Maldonado Francisco J. , de la Cruz-Cosme C. , García-Arnés Juan A. , García-Casares Natalia 
Published: December 2024

Background: Olfactory dysfunction and cognitive impairment (CI) have been associated with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but the mechanisms underlying this association are broadly unknown. This systematic review tends to investigate the relationship between the onset of olfactory dysfunction and CI in patients with T2DM and to explore the potential role of olfactory dysfunction as an early diagnosis biomarker of CI.Methods: We conducted a systematic review consulting PubMed and Scopus. The articles considered eligible included patients with T2DM and cognitive and olfactory test.Results: The search identified a total of 145 articles, of which 13 were finally selected. The majority of these studies discovered a correlation between olfactory dysfunction and CI in individuals with T2DM. Additionally, other biomarkers such as functional magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated changes in brain regions associated with the sense of smell in T2DM patients.Conclusions: Olfactory dysfunction could be a biomarker for early diagnosis of CI in T2DM. However, these alterations are highly heterogeneous and more studies that include neuroimaging need to be conducted.
Predicting BRAF Mutations in Cutaneous Melanoma Patients Using Neural Network Analysis
Authors: Dudin Oleksandr , Mintser Ozar , Gurianov Vitalii , Kobyliak Nazarii , Kaminskyi Dmytro , Matvieieva Alina , Shabalkov Roman , Mashukov Artem , Sulaieva Oksana 
Published: December 2024

Point mutations at codon 600 of the BRAF oncogene are the most common alterations in cutaneous melanoma (CM). Assessment of BRAF status allows to personalize patient management, though the affordability of molecular testing is limited in some countries. This study aimed to develop a model for predicting alteration in BRAF based on routinely available clinical and histological data.Methods: For identifying the key factors associated with point mutations in BRAF, 2041 patients with CM were recruited in the study. The presence of BRAF mutations was an endpoint. The variables included demographic data (gender and age), anatomic location, stage, histological subtype, number of mitosis, and also such features as ulceration, Clark level, Breslow thickness, infiltration by lymphocytes, invasiveness, regression, microsatellites, and association with nevi.Results: A relatively high rate of BRAF mutation was revealed in the Ukrainian cohort of patients with CM. BRAF‐mutant melanoma was associated with younger age and location of nonsun‐exposed skin. Besides, sex‐specific differences were found between CM of various anatomic distributions and the frequency of distinct BRAF mutation subtypes.A minimal set of variables linked to BRAF mutations, defined by the genetic input selection algorithm, included patient age, primary tumor location, histological type, lymphovascular invasion, ulceration, and association with nevi. To encounter nonlinear links, neural network modeling was applied resulting in a multilayer perceptron (MLP) with one hidden layer. Its architecture included four neurons with a logistic activation function. The AUROCMLP6 of the MLP model comprised 0.79 (95% CІ: 0.74–0.84). Under the optimal threshold, the model demonstrated the following parameters: sensitivity: 89.4% (95% CІ: 84.5%–93.1%), specificity: 50.7% (95% CІ: 42.2%–59.1%), positive predictive value: 73.1% (95% CІ: 69.6%–76.3%), and negative predictive value: 76.0% (95% CІ: 67.6%–82.8%). The developed MLP model enables the prediction of the mutation in BRAF oncogene in CM, alleviating decisions on personalized management of patients with CM.In conclusion, the developed MLP model, which relies on the assessment of 6 variables, can predict the BRAF mutation status in patients with CM, supporting decisions on patient management.
Comparison of Shared Class I HLA-Bound Noncanonical Neoepitopes between Normal and Neoplastic Tissues of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Tengyi , Celiker Betul , Shao Yingkuan , Gai Jessica , Hill Mark , Wang Chunyu , Zheng Lei 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Developing T-cell or vaccine therapies for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been challenging because of a lack of knowledge regarding immunodominant, cancer-specific antigens as PDAC are characterized by a scarcity of genomic mutation-associated neoepitopes, and effective approaches to discover them are limited.

Experimental Design:
An advanced mass spectrometry approach was employed to compare the immunopeptidome of PDAC tissues and matched normal tissues from the same patients.

Results:
This study identified HLA class I–binding variant peptides derived from canonical proteins, which had single amino-acid substitutions not attributed to genetic mutations or RNA editing. These amino-acid substitutions appeared to result from translational errors. The variant peptides were predominantly found in tumor tissues, with certain peptides common among multiple patients. Importantly, several of these variant peptides were more immunogenic than their wild-type counterparts.

Conclusions:
The shared noncanonical neoepitopes identified in this study offer promising candidates for vaccine and T-cell therapy development, potentially providing new avenues for immunotherapy in PDAC.
ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2024: Glycemic Targets
Authors: de Bock Martin , Agwu Juliana Chizo , Deabreu Matt , Dovc Klemen , Maahs David M. , Marcovecchio M. Loredana , Mahmud Farid H. , Nóvoa-Medina Yeray , Priyambada Leena , Smart Carmel E. , DiMeglio Linda A. 
Published: December 2024

Summary of what is New or Different

1.	This chapter recommends a target HbA1c of ≤6.5% (48mmol/mol) for those who have access to advanced diabetes technologies like continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and automated insulin delivery (AID). This target should be encouraged for all children and adolescents living with diabetes when safely achievable. In other settings, the HbA1c target is ≤7.0% (53mmol/mol). The emphasis on the lower HbA1c target is deliberate, based on the growing evidence that achieving HbA1c levels below previous targets can significantly reduce the risk of developing diabetes complications and that when adequate technology and healthcare professional support are available, these lower glycemic targets can be safely achieved without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia or adding to the care burdens.
2.	These glycemic goals may be individualized based on an assessment of the potential challenges for the person with diabetes and their caregivers.
3.	The relationship between glycemic targets and rates of excess body weight are discussed.
4.	The glycemic target chapter is also more succinct compared to previous iterations. This chapter is meant to provide updated guidance on overall glycaemic management alongside other ISPAD consensus guidelines that provide further context and information, including specific populations (e.g. pre-schooler children, limited care settings), or situations (e.g. exercise).
A Randomized Non-Inferiority Clinical Trial of 14Fr Thal versus 28Fr Tube Thoracostomy for Traumatic Hemothorax
Authors: McCartt Jason , Ross Samuel Wade , Cunningham Kyle W. , Wang Huaping , Sealey Leslie , Brake Julia , Christmas Ashley , Sachdev Gaurav , Green John , Thomas Bradley W. 
Published: December 2024

Background The traditional treatment of traumatic hemothorax (HTX) is large bore chest tubes (CT) ≥28Fr. Recent evidence shows 14Fr pigtail catheters are as effective in drainage of HTX as larger CT. However, this has not been shown in 14Fr Thal tubes, a straight chest tube placed utilizing Seldinger technique. Methods A single center, prospective randomized controlled trial was performed at an ACS verified Level 1 trauma center comparing 14Fr Thal CT (14CT) to 28Fr CT (28CT) between May 2017 and September 2021. The primary outcome was failure of drainage of hemothorax requiring additional intervention. Secondary outcomes included duration of chest tube placement, length of stay, tube-specific complications, and 90-day hospital readmission. Farrington-Manning approach was used for non-inferiority tests. Wilcoxon 2-samples test or t test was used for continuous variables, and Pearson chi-square or Fisher exact test was used for categorical variables. Results 109 patients were included in the randomized trial. There were 54 patients in the 14CT cohort, and 55 patients in the 28CT cohort. The primary outcome of drainage failure was similar between groups (8.3% 14CT vs 3.9% 28CT). Using a 15% non-inferiority margin 14CT is non-inferior to 28CT. No differences were identified in secondary outcomes. Conclusion 14Fr Thal tubes have similar efficacy in drainage of traumatic hemothorax when compared with 28Fr chest tubes with similar complication rates (NCT03167723).
Working alliance patterns in a context of supported employment programmes for people with a severe mental illness: An employment specialist perspective
Authors: Charette-Dussault Élyse , Corbière Marc 
Published: December 2024

Background:  Developing a good working alliance with clients with a severe mental illness (SMI) is a core competency of the employment specialist (ES). The ES's assessment of the working alliance was found to be related to the client's acquisition of a job in the regular market but we have little information on the processes and factors involved. Objective:  To understand the development of the work alliance as assessed by the ES and its relationship to the client's acquisition of employment. Factors that may facilitate or hinder the development and evolution of the alliance were also explored. Methods:  Cluster analysis was used to define alliance development patterns, while frequency analyses were used to identify differences between the patterns in terms of whether the clients with SMI obtained (or not) employment. Interviews with ESs explored factors that may have explained the different patterns. Results:  Three patterns of working alliance were found and the one most often linked to client employment was the very high and stable pattern. The factors that might explain the different patterns are complex and interrelated. Conclusion:  The results can be considered in the ES's initial and ongoing training on the working alliance and the implementation of quality supported employment programmes.
Effectiveness of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) as switch strategy in virologically-suppressed patients: real world data from a monocentric cohort
Authors: Passerotto RA , Lamanna F , Salvo PF , Iannone V , Steiner RJ , Carbone A , Farinacci D , D'Angelillo A , Baldin G , Ciccullo A , Di Giambenedetto S , Torti C , Borghetti A 
Published: December 2024

Introduction BIC/FTC/TAF showed efficacy and tolerability in randomized trials as a switch strategy in virologically-suppressed people living with HIV. We evaluated its effectiveness in a real-life setting. Methods A retrospective monocentric cohort including 431 virologically-suppressed (HIV-RNA <50 copies/ml) people switching to BIC/FTC/TAF in the period 2018–2022 was evaluated. Probabilities of virological failure (VF, i.e.2 consecutive HIV-RNA ≥50 copies/ml or a single HIV-RNA ≥200 copies/ml) and of treatment discontinuation (TD) were estimated by Kaplan–Meier, and predictors of both outcomes were identified through multivariable Cox regression. Analysis-of-variance for repeated measures was used to examine changes in CD4 count and CD4-to-CD8 ratio. Results Overall, 16 VF occurred during 22 months of median follow-up time. Estimated probabilities of VF at 1, 2 and 3 years were 2.0% (95% CI 1.04.2%), 2.9% (95% CI 1.5%–5.6%) and 5.5% (95% CI 3.2%–9.2%), respectively. Caucasian ethnicity and a history of previous VF independently predicted VF. TD occurred in 42 cases, predominantly for simplification. One discontinuation due to VF was reported. No predictors of discontinuation were identified. An increase in CD4-to-CD8 ratio over 3 years was evidenced ( p < 0.001). Total cholesterol decreased over 3 years ( p < 0.001). Triglycerides did not significantly change ( p = 0.465). Conclusions BIC/FTC/TAF demonstrated high effectiveness, tolerability and safety.
Resilience in Times of Crisis: Stressors and Coping Strategies during Pandemics in Egypt
Authors: Adib Hagar , Hammad Hadeer , Ammar Nesma 
Published: December 2024

Background Psychological distress in response to pandemics is debated to have a serious and long-lasting impact on consumers’ well-being. The unprecedented nature of pandemics is associated with a wide range of life stressors and coping strategies that vary across countries. Understanding the stressors and coping strategies during pandemics is imperative for social and business reasons. Focus of the Article The study contributes to the area of positive behavior change during critical life events where social marketing can play a profound role in undertaking downstream marketing initiatives that promote adaptive coping strategies for handling emergent threats and stressors. Research Question What coping mechanisms are employed to handle the stressors during times of change? How do individual’s appraisals of the potential threat and self-efficacy affect their coping strategies? Importance to Social Marketing Field The study provides valuable insights to inform social marketing strategies by enriching the field of health communication within social marketing. By exploring the psychological and emotional stressors as well as the coping strategies, this research underscores the importance of targeted communication strategies to support community well-being and resilience. Methods To provide evidence on stressors and coping strategies during COVID-19, a sample of 50 Egyptian adults were interviewed. Results The majority of the participants mentioned the fear of losing loved ones, health threats, and uncertainty as the main stressors. Emotion-focused coping was adopted more often than problem-focused coping. Pursuing hobbies and home tasks and seeking support from family and friends were among the most used coping strategies. High self-efficacy was found to be associated with problem-focused coping strategies. Recommendations for Research and Practice Findings add to the growing literature demonstrating the unique impacts of COVID-19 on consumers’ well-being and their corresponding coping strategies. The specific types of coping strategies people endorse in managing stress and building resilience in handling the pandemic offer important policy and managerial implications. Limitations Given the qualitative nature of the study, the sample size limits the generalizability of the results. Despite the rich insights generated from the qualitative investigation, employing quantitative methods in future studies would help in examining the impact of coping strategies on consumers’ well-being.
Exploration of attitudes towards research: Operating department practitioners and theatre nurses
Authors: Conway Nigel , Bradburn Amy , Howcutt Sarah 
Published: December 2024

Background: A lack of awareness of who should conduct research, conflicting workload priorities, lack of research skills, lack of confidence and lack of supportive relationships are often cited as barriers for undertaking research within the perioperative environment. Building a robust research capacity for Operating Department Practitioners and Theatre Nurses to engage with and lead primary research is critical to develop perioperative clinical outcomes, and for professional and research excellence. Aims: This study aimed to explore the attitudes of Operating Department Practitioners and Theatre Nurses towards research. Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed nationally between 1 October 2022 and 31 December 2022. The questionnaire received 164 responses from 114 Operating Department Practitioners, 44 Theatre Nurses and 6 respondents identifying as other. Findings: These revealed that those with a positive attitude towards research were most likely to have obtained a Master’s level qualification (i.e. MSc) and had gained experience in research post-registration. When explored further, the overall positive attitude to research was found to be possibly linked to a belief in the usefulness of research and to prior exposure. The findings of this study can be used to help support, inform and strengthen research in clinical practice and research career aspirations. Conclusion: Analysis of the data suggests that participants holding a Master of Science degree and having previous experience of research reported a more positive attitude to research. When the specific attitudes to research were explored individually, there was also some evidence that the overall positive attitude to research was more likely to be related to a belief in the usefulness of research.