bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of two clinical criteria in the assessment of caries lesions around restorations in children (CARDEC-03): study protocol for a diagnostic randomized clinical trial
Authors: Moro Bruna Lorena Pereira , Signori Cácia , Freitas Raiza Dias , Pontes Laura Regina Antunes , Lenzi Tathiane Larissa , Tedesco Tamara Kerber , Raggio Daniela Prócida , Braga Mariana Minatel , Ekstrand Kim Rud , Cenci Maximiliano Sérgio , Mendes Fausto Medeiros ,   CARDEC collaborative group,   CaCIA collaborative group
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The detection of caries lesions around restoration can be challenging. Therefore, the use of some criteria has been proposed in order to give more objectivity to the diagnosis process. Two of them are the International Dental Federation (FDI) and the Caries Associated with Restorations and Sealants (CARS) criteria. Both methods have a different approach to caries, and it is not possible to know which one of them is the best to use in clinical practice to assess restorations in children. Thus, the present protocol aims to evaluate the effect of the use of the FDI and CARS criteria in the assessment of caries lesions around restorations in primary teeth on outcomes related to oral health in children and costs resulting from the assessments. Methods and analysis: A total of 626 restorations of children from three to 10 years were randomly assessed and are being treated following the FDI criteria (FDI group) or CARS criteria (CARS group). Participants will be followed-up after six, 12, 18, and 24 months. The primary outcome will be the need for a new intervention in the evaluated restorations. This outcome consists of several components, and each of these events will be analyzed separately as secondary outcomes. The changes in children’s oral health-related quality of life and the cost of the restoration dental treatments will also be analyzed as secondary outcomes. The methods will be compared using the Cox regression model with shared frailty. A significance level of 5% will be adopted for all statistical analyses. Discussion: This will be the first randomized clinical study carried out regarding the detection of caries lesions around restorations in primary teeth. Trial registration: The study underwent registration in Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03520309) on 9 May 2018.
Comparative analysis of mechanical complications of emergency versus planned ultrasound-guided internal jugular venous (IJV) cannulation: data from the emergency room of a third-level hospital in Quito, Ecuador
Authors: Maldonado Augusto , Vidal Luis , Estrella Porter Jorge , Endara Pablo 
Published: June 2020

Background: Central venous catheters (CVC’s) are useful tools for the treatment of critically ill patients, especially in the emergency room, and are recognized for decreasing rates of failure and mechanical complications. Certain parameters can act as predictors to determine the likelihood of this type of complication. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence and predictors of mechanical complications using internal jugular venous (IJV) cannulation, especially when considering planned versus emergency cannulation. Methods: A prospective, observational study was performed at Hospital de los Valles, Quito, Ecuador, during a three-year period. All patients who presented to the emergency room with an indication for IJV cannulation and with no potential contraindications were included. Demographic, safety and procedure related data were collected. Variables were analyzed using STATA, and p-values <0.05 were considered significant. Results: A total of 142 patients were included. The majority of procedures (64%) were planned. The main indication for CVC placement via IJV cannulation was chronic renal failure (54%), all of which were planned procedures, followed by sepsis (15%), where most procedures (91%) were emergencies. The IJV was anatomically located lateral to the carotid artery in 38.73% of cases. Mechanical/technical complications were reported in 13 patients. Cannulation time greater than two minutes was found to be the only factor independently associated with a higher probability (12.4 times) of developing mechanical/technical complications. The vessel location did not affect the incidence of complications either in emergency or planned procedures when using ultrasound. Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided IJV cannulation is a safe technique that can be performed as an emergency or planned procedure without increased complication rates in the emergency room. Additionally, a puncture time of less than two minutes is associated with the safest profile in this patient population.
Surveillance of endemic human coronaviruses (HCoV-NL63, OC43 and 229E) associated with pneumonia in Kilifi, Kenya
Authors: Otieno Grieven P. , Murunga Nickson , Agoti Charles N. , Gallagher Katherine E. , Awori Juliet O. , Nokes D. James 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) circulate endemically in human populations, often with seasonal variation. We describe the long-term patterns of paediatric disease associated with three of these viruses, HCoV-NL63, OC43 and 229E, in coastal Kenya. Methods: Continuous surveillance of pneumonia admissions was conducted at the Kilifi county hospital (KCH) located in the northern coastal region of Kenya. Children aged <5 years admitted to KCH with clinically defined syndromic severe or very severe pneumonia were recruited. Respiratory samples were taken and tested for 15 virus targets, using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Unadjusted odds ratios were used to estimate the association between demographic and clinical characteristics and HCoV positivity. Results: From 2007 to 2019, we observed 11,445 pneumonia admissions, of which 314 (3.9%) tested positive for at least one HCoV type. There were 129 (41.1%) OC43, 99 (31.5%) 229E, 74 (23.6%) NL63 positive cases and 12 (3.8%) cases of HCoV to HCoV coinfection. Among HCoV positive cases, 47% (n=147) were coinfected with other respiratory virus pathogens. The majority of HCoV cases were among children aged <1 year (66%, n=208), though there was no age-dependence in the proportion testing positive. HCoV-OC43 was predominant of the three HCoV types throughout the surveillance period. Evidence for seasonality was not identified. Conclusions: Overall, 4% of paediatric pneumonia admissions were associated with three endemic HCoVs, with a high proportion of cases co-occurring with another respiratory virus, with no clear seasonal pattern, and with the age-distribution of cases following that of pneumonia admissions (i.e. highest in infants). These observations suggest, at most, a small severe disease contribution of endemic HCoVs in this tropical setting and offer insight into the potential future burden and epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2.
Spectral characteristics and optical temperature sensing properties of Er3+/Yb3+-co-doped phosphate glasses with GeO2 modification
Authors: Zhang Bingtao , Wang Yong , Zhao Zigang , Yan Wei , Huo Mingming , Chen Guihuan 
Published: June 2020

E

r

3
+

/

Y

b

3
+

-co-doped phosphate glasses with

G
e

O

2

modification (PLAZGs) were successfully prepared by the melt-quenching method. The phenomenological intensity parameters

Ω
t

(

t

=

2

, 4, 6) of the PLAZGs have been calculated by the Judd–Ofelt theory. Based on the phenomenological intensity parameters, the spectroscopic parameters of

E

r

3
+

and fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) of green upconversion emissions were estimated. It was observed that, under 980 nm excitation, all samples exhibit green and red upconversion emissions of

E

r

3
+

. The 10 mol%

G
e

O

2

modified phosphate glass has the strongest upconversion emission. Additionally, the fluorescence decays of the

2

F

5

/

2

→

2

F

7

/

2

transition of

Y

b

3
+

ions were measured to evaluate the energy transfer efficiency from

Y

b

3
+

to

E

r

3
+

ions. Finally, the optical temperature sensing properties based on upconversion emissions were investigated at temperatures from 150 K to 600 K. The maximum absolute temperature sensitivity

S

value of

6.0

×

1

0

−
3

K

−
1

at 400 K is obtained, which indicates that the glass is promising for temperature sensing application based on the FIR technology.
Die Schnittstelle zwischen Beratung und Coaching aus der Perspektive der Professionellen und Klient_innen
Authors: Best Laura 
Published: June 2020

ZusammenfassungDieser Artikel thematisiert Blickwinkel auf die Schnittstelle zwischen Beratung und Coaching aus der Perspektive von Professionellen und Klient_innen. Im Rahmen einer Dissertationsstudie wurden sechs Beratungsprozesse mit insgesamt 22 Sitzungen gefilmt und jeweils im Anschluss die Berater_innen und Klient_innen einzeln zu deren Erleben in Hinblick auf die Beziehungsgestaltung videogestützt interviewt. Als Nebenergebnis der Dissertationsstudie werden Aussagen der Beteiligten über die empfundene Schnittstelle zwischen Beratung und Coaching in diesem Artikel dargestellt. Insbesondere das gesellschaftliche Bild von Beratung und Coaching sowie die damit verbundenen Zuschreibungen und Erwartungshaltungen der Beteiligten stehen im Fokus des Artikels, weiterhin auch formatübergreifende Anforderungen an zeitliche und strukturelle Aspekte, das Vorgehen sowie der/die Berater/in oder Coach als Person. Abschließend werden anhand der gewonnenen Erkenntnisse Schlussfolgerungen für die Praxis abgeleitet, die insbesondere das Bedürfnis nach Sicherheit als zentrales Element von Coaching- und Beratungsprozessen sowie Erwartungen an das Vorgehen innerhalb der Prozesse in den Blick nehmen und somit die Frage nach der Relevanz einer Abgrenzung der Formate Beratung und Coaching aus der Sicht des Klientels aufwerfen.
Povos Tradicionais, Direito e Estado
Authors: Rodrigues Marco Antonio , Rodrigues Andrea Lucia Cavararo , Urquiza Antonio Hilario Aguilera 
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo provém do projeto de pesquisa em andamento, intitulado: A Dinâmica Migratória dos Povos Tradicionais Fronteiriços no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul e os Reflexos da Mensagem de Veto nº 163/2017, o qual se insere em projeto mais amplo “Oguata Guasu e Território: Uma análise antropológica da mobilidade Guarani nas fronteiras de Mato Grosso do Sul”, financiado pelo Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). O artigo tem por objetivo analisar de que forma a ciência jurídica e a antropologia fundamentaram a construção do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, que paradoxalmente negou a participação ativa dos povos tradicionais em sua dinâmica de formação. Ao se elaborar uma norma, um dos aspectos relevantes será a cultura, que poderá ser considerada, ou não, pelo agir estatal. Ao se analisar esse aspecto à luz dos conceitos de humanismo e pluralismo jurídico, o problema consiste em analisar o processo histórico de exclusão dos povos tradicionais de parte substancial da consciência jurídica nascente, tendo como consequência a limitada presença de temas relativos aos indígenas na Constituição Federal de 1988, constatando-se a ineficácia estatal quanto ao tema. Por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica e, com fundamento nesses conceitos, o artigo buscará chegar ao resultado esperado.
Syrian refugees in Brazil
Authors: Torres Menezes Ana Raquel 
Published: June 2020

Brazil is the main receiver of Syrian nationals seeking for asylum in Latin America. In spite of the distance from Syria comparatively to European countries, Brazil is often chosen as a destiny country due to two main reasons: the humanitarian visa granted to people affected by the instability in Syria, that demands less requirements than a regular visa, and the possibility of acquiring a working permit even before the refuge status is granted. However, Syrian refugees/refuge seekers face challenges in accessing labor market due to language barriers, difficulties in proving previous professional qualifications and the discrimination against refugees of arab origin. The public sphere is by law responsible for promoting integration policies for refugees, and has covered issues such as juridical assistance for this population, but doesn’t have clear actions in integrating refugees in the labor market. The organized civil society realizes a valorous work in this sense, with many initiatives to assist refugees inserting in the labor market, such as language courses, resume creating and raising of awareness to companies about the hiring of refugees. Since these institutions don’t count on enough financial support from the public sphere, they vastly rely on volunteer workforce, which despite being very helpful, many times is not specialized in dealing with refuge issues. By performing a qualitative review of literature in the subject, extracted from books, articles, journal articles, doctorate thesis, bachelor thesis and newspaper databases both in Portuguese and in English, this research intends to figure out how the civil society organizations are assisting Syrian refugees to integrate in the labor market in Brazil, filling the gap left by the public power, and often suffering from overburdening.
Digital Humanities and Cultural Heritage Preservation
Authors: Marsili Giulia , Orlandi Lucia Maria 
Published: June 2020

The development of Information Technology and Digital Humanities has brought numerous significant changes to the Cultural Heritage domain. The Digital Humanities has become a dynamic and fertile research field, and new projects and opportunities are constantly flourishing. The BYZART project perfectly fits this context. This project is coordinated by the Department of History and Cultures of the University of Bologna, embracing a wide consortium of partners from Bulgaria, Greece and Italy. It aims at enhancing Byzantine and Post-Byzantine artistic and cultural heritage within the Europeana platform. This project will enrich the existing Europeanacollections with about 75,000 new cultural and artistic multimedia objects relevant to Byzantine history and culture, including collections of digitized photos, video and audio content, and 3-D surveys and reconstructions. We have also established a liaison between the new materials and Byzantine-related content already existing on Europeana. The archival material collected and digitized by the BYZART consortium is of the greatest cultural and art-historical importance, but until now, it has not been properly evaluated or published. For this reason, BYZART aims to guarantee the preservation and evaluation of significant cultural heritage objects from a wide range of contexts, while also making them accessible to scholarly and general audiences alike.
Quality Analysis Satsuma Age of Threadfin Bream (Nemipterus sp) Processed Using Different Kind of Flours
Authors: N Pudyastuti Anggit , YS Darmanto , Swastawati Fronthea 
Published: June 2020

Satsuma age is one kind of diversification product, originally characterized as a traditional food from Japan, that processed by surimi added with flour, vegetables, and spices, and then cooking by frying. The aim of this research were to evaluate the effect of different kind of flours used on gel strength and hedonic value and also to know the best kind of flour use in processing of satsuma age of threadfin bream. The experimental design that used is Randomized Block Design. Different treatments used was different kind of flour, namely tapioca flour , sagu flour, and garut flour. The result indicated that different kind of flour treatment gave very significant different (P<0.01) on gel strength and gave significant different (P<0.05) on value of hedonic with specificate on texture , but were not significant different on ( P>0.05) on appearance , odour , taste , and colour. The result support parameter to test bite of 7.94 for treatment tapioca flour; 7.98 for treatment sago flour; and 7.40 for treatment arrowroot flour. Folding test result of 4.30 for tapioca flour; 4.26 for sago flour ; and 3.66 for arrowroot flour. The moisture content of 40.40% for tapioca flour ; 41.91% for sago flour; and 40.89% for arrowroot flour. Protein content of 21.53% for tapioca flour ; 21.17% for sago flour; and 21.57% for arrowroot flour. Fat content of 7.97% for tapioca flour ; 7.49% for sago flour; and 7.43% for arrowroot flour. The ash content of 2.69% for tapioca flour; 2.66% for sago flour ; and 2.36% for arrowroot flour. Carbohidrate content of 27.93% for tapioca flour ; 27.10% for sago flour; and 27.27% for arrowroot flour. Satsuma age processed using sago flour to was most prever based on hedonic scale and has high gel strength. Key word : Satsuma Age, Tapioca Flour, Sago Flour, Arrowroot Flour, Gel Strength, Hedonic
A Systematic Review of Higher Education Academics’ Use of Microblogging for Professional Development: Case of Twitter
Authors: Singh Lenandlar 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe paper presents a systematic literature review of empirical studies on the use of Twitter by higher education academics for professional development. Using content and thematic analyses, this review addressed four research questions related to study characteristics, theoretical and methodological approaches, and the type of professional development activities engaged. The results show that Twitter has been studied from several perspectives using various methodological approaches. The review revealed several limitations, including the paucity of research addressing gender, cultural and geographic differences. Limited use of theory is also observed. Five themes emerged identifying the ways Twitter was used for professional development: 1) academic backchannel, 2) networking, 3) information and resource sharing, 4) keeping updated, 5) public engagement and social commentary. Overall, the literature review suggests Twitter supports some aspects of professional development. However, several issues remain outstanding and in need of further research, including ethical approaches and practices of researchers related to data collection and use.
PISA Performance of Natives and Immigrants: Selection versus Efficiency
Authors: Behr Andreas , Fugger Gerald 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIn most countries, immigrant and native students perform differently in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) due to two main reasons: different immigration regimes and differences in their home-country educational systems. While there is sophisticated literature on the reasons for these performance gaps, it is barely considered in the educational efficiency research. Our approach distinguishes between selection effects caused by immigration policies, and the efficiency of educational systems in integrating immigrant students, given their socio–economic background. Accordingly, we split our sample, which consists of 153,374 students in 20 countries, calculate various different efficient frontiers, and ultimately decompose and interpret the resulting efficiency values. We find large differences in educational system efficiency, when controlling for negative selection effects caused by immigration regimes.
Open-Ended, Metacognitive Conception of Classes for the Advancement of Nonconformity and Creative Thought
Authors: Uskoković Vuk 
Published: June 2020

AbstractInstructional methods incorporating metacognitive or open-ended elements have been gaining popularity, but synergies between the two have rarely been explored. Created with the aspiration to boost students’ knowledge of the knowledge creation process, a conceptually new and structurally open-ended instructional model is proposed here. For that purpose, the squares on Heer’s version of the Bloom taxonomy pyramid were turned into steps on which the class climbed from its base to the top. Each step stepped on opened the content initially hidden from view, but corresponding to cognitive and knowledge dimensions intersecting at it, thus turning the content coverage into an open-ended adventure. Both the students in undergraduate and graduate programs in bioengineering and the faculty peers were in favor of the open-ended model of instruction and, based on distributed online surveys, they preferred it over traditional lecturing. In agreement with the adventurous character of the instructional method, frequent detours and diversions from the straight path of the subject were demonstrated as vehicles for the creative thought. As the students ascended along the learning taxonomy pyramid, the content became less foundational and more in need of discussion, analysis and weighing of pros and cons. At the same time, the students would get increasingly connected with the ideas of broader epistemological and ontological relevance. The intellectual pinnacle of the class was achieved at the peak of the pyramid, where the metacognitive and the creative intersected. There, the students were acquainted with the penultimate learning objective, which is the necessity for a professional to question the premises of one’s profession through one’s professional output, alongside providing practical results therewith.
Religious Experience, Pragmatic Encroachment, and Justified Belief in God
Authors: Gillham Alex R 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe secondary literature on religious epistemology has focused extensively on whether religious experience can provide evidence for God’s existence. In this article, I suppose that religious experience can do this, but I consider whether it can provide adequate evidence for justified belief in God. I argue that it can. This requires a couple of moves. First, I consider the threshold problem for evidentialism and explain pragmatic encroachment (PE) as a solution to it. Second, I argue that religious experience can justify belief in God if one adopts PE, but this poses a dilemma for the defender of the veridicality of religious experience. If PE is true, then whether S has a justified belief in God on the basis of religious experience depends on how high the stakes are for having an experience with God. This requires one to determine whether the stakes are high or low for experiencing God, which puts the experient of God in an awkward position. If the stakes are not high, then justified belief in God on the basis of religious experience will be easier to come by, but this requires conceding that experiencing God is not that important. If the stakes are high, then the experient can maintain the importance of experience with God but must concede that justified belief in God on the basis of experience with God is less likely to happen, perhaps impossible.