bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The combined application of Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and probiotic complex ProbioLog may affect lithogenesis processes in the early stages of gallstone disease in elderly people
Authors: Glazyrina N. N. , Khokhlacheva N. A. , Mikhailova O. D. , Belova E. V. 
Published: September 2020

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in combination with ProbioLog at the early stage of gallstone disease in the elderly.Material and methods: 92 patients with early stage of cholelithiasis (CL) were examined, the average age was 66,69 ± 5,52 years, there were 29 men and 63 women. In addition to anamnestic and general clinical data, the results of ultrasound examination (US) of the gallbladder were used to verify the diagnosis. The biochemical properties of bile (cholesterol, bile acids, phospholipids levels, bile lithogenicity indices) were studied. The composition of the intestinal microflora was determined using a hydrogen breath test with lactulose and culture of feces for dysbiosis. Two groups were formed due to the course of treatment, which amounted to 30 days. 45 patients of the observation group received UDCA 15 mg / kg per day once for a night in combination with the probiotic ProbioLog (Mayoly Spindler, France), 1 сapsule twice per day. UDCA monotherapy of 15 mg / kg daily was administered to 47 patients of the comparison group once for the night.Results. After the course of treatment, a favorable dynamics of clinical symptoms of the disease was noted. According to US, elimination of biliary sludge was observed in 62.2% of patients of the observation group and in 14.8% of patients of the comparison group. An improvement in the biochemical composition of bile was manifested by decreasing of its lithogenic properties. The important results of therapy were positive changes in the composition of the intestinal microflora, contributing to the normalization of the exchange of bile acids, cholesterol and phospholipids.Conclusion. The combined using of UDCA and ProbioLog in elderly patients is clinically effective in the treatment of early stages of cholelithiasis and pathogenetically justified in the prevention of gallstone formation.
Chronic duodenal stasis and the state of cavity intestinal microbiota
Authors: Vakhrushev Ya. M. , Busygina M. S. , Lukashevich A. P. 
Published: September 2020

Objective: to study the motor-evacuation function of the gastrointestinal tract in chronic duodenal stasis and the conjugation of their disorders with excessive bacterial growth.Materials and methods. Thirty patients with chronic duodenostasis (DS) aged 37.1 ± 13.8 years were examined. Anamnestic and physical data, results of X-ray and endoscopic examinations, intracavitarymanometry were used in the verification of DS. The determination of excess bacterial growth (IDB) in the small intestine was carried out by analyzing the results of the hydrogen respiratory test (VDT). The assessment of the motor function of the stomach and duodenum was carried out using the gastroenteromanometer GEM-01 “Gastroskan-GEM”. For conducting short-term pH-measurement, the Gastroskan-5M device was used.Results. All patients with DS presented dyspeptic complaints, revealed asthenic syndrome. In the postprandial period, impaired propulsive motility in all sections of the digestive tube was also expressed, which proves a 1.5-fold decrease in fasting urea, jejunum and ileum by 1.5 times in both phases of the study (p& <0.001). In patients with DS, IDB was detected in 22 (78.6%) cases. Among all examined patients in 19 (67.9%) patients, IDB was associated with increased bacterial activity in the small intestine. Colon dysbiosis was detected in 3 (10.7%) patients (χ2 = 7.093, p = 0.008). A correlation analysis between the hydrogen content in exhaled air and the rhythmic coefficient of the large intestine showed a reliable strong feedback (r& = 0.65, p = 0.015).Conclusion. A comprehensive study of the motor-evacuation function of the digestive system and the state of enteric microbiocenosis expands the possibilities of pathogenetically substantiated therapy for diseases of the organs of the gastroduodenobiliary pancreatic zone.
Correction of lipid metabolism disorders with atorvastatin in combination with UDCA in NAFLD
Authors: Suchkova E. V. , Lukashevich A. P. 
Published: September 2020

Objective: to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of the combined use of ursodeoxycholic acid and atorvastatin in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with concomitant atherogenic dyslipidemia.Materials and methods.123 patients with NAFLD at the stage of steatosis were examined, among them 66 women and 57 men aged 30 to 70 years. In verification of NAFLD, an ultrasound examination (ultrasound) of the hepatobiliary system was used using the SONIX OP apparatus (Canada). To exclude fibrosis in the liver parenchyma, sonoelastographywas performed on an AIXPLORER apparatus (France) and the FibroTest and FibroMax tests developed by BioPredictiv (Paris, France) were used. The lipid profile was determined on an analyzer FP-901 (M) from Labsystems (Finland) (Spain, Barcelona). The method of multifractional (5-phase) duodenal sounding (MFDZ) was used, which makes it possible to evaluate bile indices (cholesterol and bile acids).Results. Ultrasound of the liver and SteatoTest revealed steatosis in all patients with NAFLD. The examined identified signs of atherogenic dyslipidemia. There was a significant increase in cholesterol in portions “B” and “C” of bile (by 79.9% (p = 0.001) and 76.89% (p = 0.001), respectively), a decrease in the amount of bile acids in portions “B” and “ C ”bile (by 46.74% (p = 0.001) and 30.56% (p = 0.1), respectively). A sharp decrease in the cholecholesterol coefficient (by 90.55% (p = 0.001) and 86.03% (p = 0.01), respectively) confirms the high lithogenic properties of bile. The combined use of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), simultaneously with atorvastatin, manifested a more pronounced both lipid-lowering effect and correction of the lithogenic properties of bile, in comparison with UDCA monotherapy.Conclusion. The effectiveness of the course application of UDCA in combination with atorvastatin in the correction of hyper- and dyslipidemia and biochemical parameters of bile in patients with NAFLD at an early stage of steatosis was determined.
Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding COVID-19 among doctors and nurses at a tertiary care maternity hospital in Nepal
Authors: Ansari Shaheen Naaz , Ansari Imran , Jha Meena , Upreti Rakshya 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) survey provides a suitable format to evaluate existing programs and to identify effective strategies for behavior change in society. This study aimed to investigate and compare KAP concerning COVID-19 among Health Care Professionals (HCPs) at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital (PMWH).
Method: This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted in HCPs (doctors and nurses) of PMWH, Nepal, from May to June 2020. A pre-validated questionnaire was used to access the objectives where knowledge and attitude score was 10 each and practice score was 20. Collected data was entered in Microsoft excel spreadsheet and analyzed using IBM SPSS software and p-value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Result: A total of 168 doctors and nurses responded to the survey, of which 112 (66.6%) were in 25-34 years of age group, 87.5% females, and 61.9% nurses. Mean score for knowledge, attitude and practice score was 5.8 (out of 10), 8.1 (out of 10) and 17.4 (out of 20) respectively. The score was significantly different among doctors and nurses in ‘knowledge’ (p=0.000) and ‘attitude’ categories (p = 0.006). There was no significant difference in ‘practice’ scores (p = 0.664).
Conclusion: Doctors and nurses of PMWH have positive attitude and good practice towards COVID-19. This characteristic can prove handy in bringing about useful behavioural changes and promoting safe practices while managing maternity patients in this hospital.
Nutritional assessment of school children and adolescents: Pokhara city in Western Nepal
Authors: Maskey Manisha , Sharma Annavarapu Laxminarasimha , Karmacharya Poonam 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Nutritional assessment of school children and adolescent is one of the most cost-effective ways of keeping track of overall wellbeing of children in the society. The objective of this study was to find out the nutritional status of school children and adolescent of Pokhara city using anthropometric indicators.
Method: A total of 1160 students from the schools across the Pokhara city, Nepal, were enrolled in this study. Anthropometric measurements, height and weight, mean height and weight for age, and BMI for age were estimated. Undernutrition and obesity were defined as per the 2007 WHO growth reference data. Association among the variables were determined by applying statistical tests: t-test and Anova.
Result: Growth curve of weight and BMI for age were above 15th percentile and height for age were between 3rd and 15th percentile, in both, boys and girls. The proportion of stunted and underweight students were 26.29% (boys 51% and girls 41%) and 24.65% (boys 53% and girls 47%) respectively. The proportion of thin, severely thin, overweight and obese were 3.53%, 5.03%, 12.49% and 8.96% respectively. Father’s occupation and education, mother’s occupation, school type, number of siblings were statistically associated with mean BMI and height.
Conclusion: Stunted and underweight were seen in a quarter of students, as well overweight and obesity in less than 10% of school children surveyed.
Accuracy of bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis ‘BISAP’ score in predicting outcome of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Karki Sanjit , Karki Binod , Thapa Suresh , Shrestha Roshan , Poudel Bidhan Nidhi , Shrestha Ramila 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Early identification of severe acute pancreatitis is of paramount importance in the management and for improving outcomes. Bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis (BISAP) is a simple and accurate score for stratification in acute pancreatitis. This study was conducted to find out the accuracy of BISAP score in predicting outcomes of acute pancreatitis in local population.
Method: We prospectively analyzed 96 patients with acute pancreatitis from February 2019 to December 2019. Revised Atlanta classification was used to stratify mild, moderately severe and severe pancreatitis. BISAP score was calculated within 24 hours of admission. Accuracy was measured by area under receiver operating curve (AUC).
Result: Out of 96 patients, alcohol related acute pancreatitis accounted for 74.7%. There were 63.2% of mild AP, 37.3% of moderately severe AP, 9.4% of severe AP and 15.8 % of pancreatic necrosis. The AUC for moderately severe AP, severe AP and pancreatic necrosis were 0.77 (CI 0.68-0.87), 0.95 (CI 0.90-0.99) and 0.87 (CI 0.79-0.96) respectively. The statistically significant BISAP cut off for diagnosing sever AP was≥3, and ≥2 for moderately sever AP and pancreatic necrosis. There was positive correlation between revised Atlanta severity of acute pancreatitis and length of hospital stay (r=0.41). Mortality was 3.3 % which was seen in BISAP score 3 or above.
Conclusion: BISAP is a simple predictive model in identifying patient at a risk of developing different severity of pancreatitis and its outcome in our population.
Acetyl cholinesterase: a potential target for Alzheimer’s disease intervention
Authors: Khadka Sandhya , Basnet Rajesh , Shrestha Sandeep , Wang Yuchun , Gupta Radheshyam 
Published: September 2020

Alzheimer's disease is a neurological disorder in which the death of brain cells causes memory loss and cognitive decline. The role of treatment is not limited to pharmacology, but also involves many factors, such as the psychological, social, and economic aspects of the patient and family. It is important to consider the use of AChe inhibitors in patients with mild to moderate AD, despite cost issues and in the absence of any other immediate progression. Although there are allots of currently available inhibitor for acetyl cholinesterase but there is no selective potent inhibitor for AD. so, there is an urgent need discover of compounds that are active against Acetyl cholinesterase, along with there is need of molecular modeling for identifying functional groups that may be important for inhibiting Acetyl cholinesterase activity.
Depression in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Prevalence & Factors Associated
Authors: Subedi S. , Adhikari A , Paudel K. , Shrestha L. , Sharma N. 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Both diabetes and depression are major public health problems. Depression is a frequent comorbidity associated with diabetes. This study was aimed to find the prevalence of depression among patients with diabetes and to identify various factors associated with it.
Material And Method: This is a cross-sectional study of diabetic patients visiting Internal medicine OPD of Universal College Of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal and referred for psychiatric evaluation. Sample size of 137 was included in 6 months period. Face to Face interview was conducted to gather socio-demographic and clinical profile of patients. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to identify and classify depression. Frequency, Percentage, Chi-square test, Multivariate regression were applied.
Results: The overall prevalence of depression was 27%. Depression was found to be significantly higher among female patients (p=0.009), patients suffering from diabetes mellitus for more than 15 years (p=0.054), patients under insulin therapy (p=0.034) and patients whose blood sugar level was uncontrolled(p=0.020) even with treatment. On regression analysis, treatment modality, blood sugar level, gender and treatment modality were found to be independent predictors of depression among diabetic patients. Patients on insulin therapy were four times more likely to have depression (OR=4.344, CI: 2.129 – 8.865, p<0.001). Female patients were two times more likely to have depression (OR=1.825, CI: 0.221 - 2.855, p<0.052).
Conclusion: Almost one-fourth patients with diabetes also have depression. Factors like female sex, longer duration of diabetes, use of insulin therapy, uncontrolled diabetes increases the risk of developing depression in diabetic patients. Hence, routine screening of depression is necessary in patients with diabetes.
Quality Of Life in Epilepsy Patients: A cross sectional study
Authors: Aryal S , Jha A 
Published: September 2020

Introduction: The quality of life of people with epilepsy is hampered both by the nature of the disorder and its associated effects. This study was carried out to assess the quality of life in patients with epilepsy and determine the influence of various factors in quality of life in these patients.
Material And Method: A cross sectional descriptive study was conducted in Mental Hospital, Lagankhel enrolling clinically diagnosed patients with epilepsy aged more than 18 years and on antiepileptic drugs for at least 6 months. Patients diagnosed with epilepsy but having mental retardation, overt cognitive impairment, psychiatric disorders or other co-morbid chronic systemic or neurological illnesses which could affect QOL were excluded from the study by detailed history, clinical examinations, previous medical records and relevant investigations.
Results: Statistically significant differences in the quality of life scores were seen in terms of educational and marital status, and frequency of seizures within the last 6 months before evaluation. Statistically insignificant positive correlation was observed between the age of onset of seizures and the QOL scores. Similarly, statistically insignificant negative correlation observed between the number of drugs used and the QOL scores.
Conclusion: Duration of epilepsy had a consistent negative effects on QOL. Evaluation of quality of life in epilepsy relatively measures the outcome for treatment for epilepsy.
PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI BAWANG MERAH MELALUI PENERAPAN SPO (STANDAR PROSEDUR OPERASIONAL) BAWANG MERAH SPESIFIK LOKASI YANG BERBASIS GAP (GOOD AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES)
Authors: Tavi Supriana  , Rahmanta  , Nurul Fajriah Pinem  
Published: September 2020

Bawang merah merupakan komoditi yang penting karena dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat dan tidak ada barang substitusinya. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari permintaan yang terus meningkat. Peningkatan permintaan bawang merah tidak diikuti dengan peningkatan produksi, menyebabkan peningkatan harga bawang merah. Peningkatan harga biasanya akan direspon petani dengan meningkatkan produksi, tetapi hal ini tidak terjadi. Produksi bawang merah Sumatera Utara cenderung menurun. Selain itu, pemerintah juga menjadikan persoalan bawang merah tersebut menjadi prioritas program Bulog yang bertujuan untuk stabilitas harga dan produksi bawang merah. Untuk menjawab permasalahan produksi bawang merah ini, perlu dilakukan upaya berupa pelatihan pada petani bawang merah. Pelatihan dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Muara, Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, karena memang Kecamatan Muara memiliki potensi yang paling mendukung untuk pengembangan usaha tani bawang merah. Pelatihan dari tim PPM USU diharapkan dapat meningkatkan keterampilan petani dalam melakukan budidaya bawang merah yang sesuai dengan Standar Prosedur Operasional (SPO) dengan menerapkan Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) serta pemahaman mengenai rantai pemasaran bawang merah. Keberhasilan hasil panen bawang merah di Kecamatan Muara diharapkan dapat menjadi contoh keberhasilan bagi kecamatan lainnya.
PENINGKATAN MUTU PRODUK KELOMPOK USAHA PENGRAJIN ECENG GONDOK DI DESA SEMULA JADI KEC. DATUK BANDAR TIMUR KOTA TANJUNG BALAI DENGAN PERBAIKAN TEKNOLOGI PRODUKSI PADA PROSES FINISHING PRODUK
Authors: Buchari  , Afan Gunawan Ahmad  , Nismah Panjaitan  
Published: September 2020

Tujuan dari program pemberdayaan masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan mutu produk Kelompok Usaha Pengrajin Eceng Gondok di Desa Semula Jadi Kec. Datuk Bandar Timur Kota Tanjung Balai melalui inovasi produk dan perbaikan teknologi finishing produk. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian tersebut adalah dengan melaksanakan pelatihan inovasi produk dan teknologi finishing produk (pewarnaan) agar dapat meningkatkan inovasi produk dan pengembangan mutu produk pengrajin eceng gondok. Produk inovasi berbahan eceng gondok yang di buat adalah kursi, meja dan sandal. Para pengrajin melakukan praktek langsung selama mengikuti pelatihan. Selain inovasi produk, para pengrajin juga mendapat pelatihan teknik pewarnaan dengan menggunakan gun spray + kompresor dan teknik celup. Produk hasil inovasi para pengrajin diwarnai dalam sesi pelatihan yang diberikan sehingga para pengrajin mudah mengerti teknik pewarnaan yang diajarkan. Dengan perbaikan tersebut diharapkan produk kelompok pengrajin eceng gondok memiliki mutu yang baik sehingga produk-produk inovasi yang dihasilkan memiliki daya saing.
STIMULASI WIRAUSAHA PADA MURID SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS DI TANJUNG PURA LANGKAT SUMATERA UTARA MELALUI WORKSHOP PEMBUATAN LOSION ANTI NYAMUK BERBASIS HERBAL
Authors: Yuandani1  , Marianne  , Popi Patilaya  
Published: September 2020

SMA N 1 Tanjung Pura dan SMA Swasta Samanhudi terletak di kecamatan Tanjung Pura, Kabupaten Langkat, Provinsi Sumatera Utara. Kecamatan Tanjung Pura di Kabupaten Langkat merupakan salah satu kecamatan dengan tingkat kesejahteraan yang belum memadai. Sebahagian besar masyarakat bekerja sebagai petani dan nelayan, dan umumnya mereka belum dapat memenuhi biaya hidup yang memadai dan gagal dalam menguasai potensi produktif yang tersedia. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan adalah diversifikasi pekerjaan dengan menstimulasi jiwa wirausaha generasi muda di Tanjung Pura, antara lain dengan memberikan keterampilan khusus yang nantinya bisa dimanfaatkan oleh mereka untuk membuka usaha sendiri. Salah satu cara yang akan dilakukan adalah dengan memberikan workshop pembuatan losion anti nyamuk. Hal ini mengingat kecamatan Tanjung Pura memiliki prevalensi yang tinggi terhadap penyakit malaria dan demam berdarah dengue (DBD), sehingga sangat tepat untuk mengajarkan para siswa SMA dalam pembuatan losion anti nyamuk agar dapat turut serta menurunkan angka kejadian penyakit tersebut. Oleh sebab itu,tujuan umum program pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan minat berwirausaha pada murid sekolah menengah atas, menurunkan angka pengangguran dan angka penyebaran penyakit malaria dan DBD di Kecamatan Tanjung Pura. Target utama dari program ini adalah sekelompok masyarakat yang memiliki latar pendidikan terakhir golongan menengah atau setara yang berada di Kecamatan Tanjung Pura. Secara khusus, program ini bertujuan untuk melatih siswa-siswi setingkat SMA yang ada di SMAN 1 Tanjung Pura dan SMA Swasta Samanhudi dalam berwirausaha untuk memproduksi losion anti nyamuk yang berbahan dasar minyak sereh.
KEMANDIRIAN PEREMPUAN MELALUI KETERAMPILAN MENJAHIT
Authors: Berlianti  , Mastauli Siregar  
Published: September 2020

Wirausaha jasa menjahit pakaian masih menjanjikan. Meski sekarang sudah banyak produksi pakaian jadi, tetapi jasa jahitan tetap dibutuhkan konsumen. Karena ada beberapa risiko pembelian pakaian jadi yang biasanya diterima oleh pembeli. Tidak semua pakaian jadi pas dikenakan oleh konsumen. Terutama bagi orang-orang memiliki postur tubuh berbeda dengan standar orang pada umumnya, seperti terlalu kecil atau terlalu gemuk. Disamping itu ada model dan bahan baju tertentu yang lebih enak kalau dipakai dari hasil jahitan biasa, daripada dalam bentuk pakaian jadi yang diproduksi pabrik. Misalnya pakaian adat, bahan brukat, jas, kebaya, kain tenun dan lain-lain.
Pelatihan peningkatan ketrampilan kepada penjahit pakaian perlu diberikan agar mampu menghasilkan pakaian yang sesuai dengan keinginan pasar secara efisien dan efektif. Selain itu meningkatkan ketrampilan dalam mengobras dan membordir agar memiliki kemampuan bersaing dari sisi kualitas, model, variasi motif dan perpaduan warna pakaian yang di produksi, sehingga mampu menciptakan dan memiliki banyak jaringan pemasaran. Perlunya diberikan pelatihan yang memampukan penjahit pakaian menghitung total pendapatan penjualan dan total biaya sehingga mampu mengetahui berapa laba yang diperoleh per satu potong pakaian.
Diharapkan setelah pendampingan, para mitra menjadi lebih meningkat pengetahuannya, mampu mengaplikasikan pengetahuan tersebut dalam pekerjaan sehari-harinya dan menularkan pengetahuan tersebut kepada pelaku wirausaha penjahit pakaian yang lain. Dengan demikian semua penjahit pakaian akan lebih berkembang, menjadi semakin mandiri secara ekonomis, terjadi peningkatan pendapatan, penjahit pakaian menjadi lebih produktif serta semakin optimis dalam berwirausaha.
PLANTING OF RHIZOPORA TYPES IN MANGROVE FORESTS PERCUT SEI TUAN NORTH SUMATERA
Authors: Ridahati Rambey  , Delvian  , Deni Elfiati  
Published: September 2020

Mangrove forest is a tropical beach vegetation community dominated by several tree species that can grow and develop in tidal and muddy beaches. Some mangrove areas recently have been damaged due to illegal activities carried out by various parties, one of which is the East Coast of Sumatra in the Sub District Percut Sei Tuan, Deli Serdang District, Province of North Sumatra. The purpose of the activities is to focus on replanting mangrove lands that have been damaged by local species. The growned in Tanjung Rejo Village Percut Sei Tuan buds are like Rhizopora stylosa, Rhizopora apiculata and Avicennia marina type. Percentage of growing plants were R. stylosa (92.37%), R. apiculata (90%), mixed propagules of R. stylosa and R. apiculata (90%) and A. marina (56%) respectively. Overall the rehabilitation of mangrove forest is categorized as successful, but only one species of the smallest growing with percentage is A. marina (56%) this is because the location of planting is adjacent to the sea where the plants can not stand the tidal currents.