bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Irisin promotes cementoblast differentiation via p38 MAPK pathway
Authors: Zhu Jiaqi , Wang Yunlong , Cao Zhengguo , Du Mingyuan , Hao Yunru , Pan Jiawen , He Hong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveIrisin is a newly identified exercise‐induced myokine which can affect glucose metabolism and cortical bone mass and strength. However, the influence of irisin on cementoblasts remains largely unknown.Material and methodsAn immortalized mouse cementoblast cell line OCCM‐30 was used in this study. Cementoblast differentiation markers and PGC‐1α in cells cultured with mineral induction medium were evaluated by qRT‐PCR. Cementoblast mineralization was evaluated by alizarin red staining. Differentiation markers and the activity of p38 MAPK pathway under irisin stimulation were assessed by qRT‐PCR or Western blot analysis. p38 MAPK pathway inhibitor SB203580 or p38 siRNA was used to further identify the regulatory mechanism. Cell proliferation treated with irisin was examined by CCK‐8 method.ResultsThe expression of Runx2, osterix, ALP, and PGC‐1α was up‐regulated consistently under mineral induction. The formation of mineralized nodules was increased by irisin. Runx2, osterix, ALP, and osteocalcin were obviously up‐regulated under irisin stimulation as well as the activity of p38 MAPK pathway. When pretreated with SB203580 or p38 siRNA before irisin stimulation, the irisin‐induced differentiation was distinctly suppressed. OCCM‐30 cell proliferation was enhanced when treated with high‐dose irisin for long time.ConclusionIrisin can promote the differentiation of cementoblasts via p38 MAPK pathway.
True bipolar or extended bipolar left ventricular pacing is associated with better survival in cardiac resynchronization therapy patients
Authors: Kutyifa Valentina , Jame Sina , Wang Paul J. , Musat Dan , Jones Paul , Wehrenberg Scott , Stein Kenneth 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBackgroundLimited studies are available on the clinical significance of left ventricular (LV) lead polarity in patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), with a recent study suggesting better outcomes with LV true bipolar pacing.ObjectiveWe aimed to determine whether true bipolar LV pacing is associated with reduced mortality in a large, real‐life CRT cohort, followed by remote monitoring.MethodsWe analyzed de‐identified device data from CRT patients followed by the Boston Scientific LATITUDE remote monitoring database system. Patients with LV bipolar leads paced between the LV ring and LV tip were identified as true bipolar and those with LV bipolar leads paced between LV tip or LV ring and right ventricular (RV) coil were identified as extended bipolar. Patients with unipolar leads were identified as unipolar.ResultsOf the 59 046 patients included in the study, 2927 had unipolar pacing, 34 390 had extended bipolar pacing, and 21 729 had true bipolar pacing. LV true bipolar pacing was associated with a significant 30% lower risk of all‐cause mortality as compared to unipolar pacing (hazards ratio [HR] = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.62‐0.79, P < .001), after adjustment for age, gender, LV lead impedance, LV pacing threshold, and BIV pacing percentage <95%. Extended bipolar LV pacing was also associated with 24% lower risk of all‐cause mortality when compared to unipolar LV pacing (HR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.68‐0.85; P < .001). However, there were no differences in outcomes between true bipolar and extended bipolar LV pacing (HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.93‐1.01; P = .198).ConclusionTrue bipolar or extended bipolar LV pacing is associated with a lower risk of mortality in CRT patients as compared to unipolar LV pacing.
Correlation of gene expression profiling score, cardiac hemodynamics and echocardiographic parameters in asymptomatic, rejection‐free pediatric heart transplant recipients
Authors: Das Bibhuti B. , Chan Kak‐Chen , Winchester Robert W. , Zakrzewski Megan , Niu Jianli 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectivesTo correlate gene expression profiling scores obtained by AlloMap® with cardiac hemodynamics, cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV), and echocardiographic parameters in asymptomatic, rejection‐free pediatric heart transplant (HT) recipients.MethodsSingle‐institution retrospective study of 210 AlloMap scores obtained concomitantly with cardiac catheterization and echocardiogram from 55 children during follow‐up after cardiac transplantation.ResultsThe median age at HT was 5.1 years (range, 0.9‐14.1), with 29 males and 26 females. AlloMap scores were high in <2 years vs ≥2 years of age at the time of HT (P = .001), and trending higher with time after HT (R2 = .04, P = .004). There was no significant difference in scores between ACR grades 0 and 1R or CAV. There was mild to modest correlation of AlloMap scores with the mean right atrial pressure (P = .002), and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (P = .02), but no correlation was found with LV SF% (P = .3), LV EF% (P = .5), or RV FAC % (P = .8).ConclusionsOur study provides preliminary data that the AlloMap score must be studied carefully before it can be used in children, particularly in those under 2 years of age. Monitoring of serial scores for each patient could potentially reflect changes in allograft performance that may determine indications for catheterization and biopsy which needs to be validated in future studies.
Understanding Risk Information Seeking and Processing during an Infectious Disease Outbreak: The Case of Zika Virus
Authors: Hubner Austin Y. , Hovick Shelly R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study draws on the Planned Risk Information Seeking Model (PRISM) to assess Zika virus information seeking and systematic processing, paying particular attention to the relationship between perceived knowledge and knowledge insufficiency. Novel risks, such as Zika, provide an interesting context for examining whether information‐seeking models, such as PRISM, are able to predict information seeking when available information is limited or scarce. A cross‐sectional, online study of men and women of childbearing age (N = 494) residing in the state of Florida was conducted. Our results provide some support for the PRISM for predicting Zika information seeking intention, as well as systematic processing of information. We also found that individuals with high levels of perceived knowledge were more likely to report high level of knowledge insufficiency, illustrating that contextual factors may impact the fit of risk information seeking models.
Brief Cognitive‐based Psychosocial Intervention and Case Management for Suicide Attempters Discharged from the Emergency Department in Taipei, Taiwan: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Lin Yi‐Chun , Liu Shen‐Ing , Chen Shu‐Chin , Sun Fang‐Ju , Huang Hui‐Chun , Huang Chiu‐Ron , Chiu Yu‐Chuan 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveWe examined the effectiveness of brief cognitive‐based psychotherapy plus standard case management in the prevention of further suicide attempts, clinical severity, and treatment adherence in a randomized clinical trial compared with standard case management.MethodAmong five hundred and ninety‐seven patients presenting with suicide attempts, 147 participants were included. They were randomized into two groups. After a 6‐session intervention over four months, all participants were re‐evaluated at the 6th and 12th months.ResultsAt a 6‐month assessment, the intervention had approximately halved the odds of following suicide attempts and doubled the odds of outpatient visits in comparison with standard case management, although the differences did not attain statistical significance. At a 12‐month assessment, the two groups did not differ significantly in any of the outcome variables. Generalized linear mixed models indicated that intervention did not significantly decrease the subsequent suicide risk and severity of clinical symptoms, but it did increase psychiatric outpatient treatment adherence. The subgroup analysis revealed that the intervention increased the outpatient clinic visits only for repetitive attempters, not for first‐time attempters.ConclusionsFurther studies are needed to test whether more intensive psychotherapy sessions might be more effective in decreasing the probability of further attempt and the severity of symptoms.
Causes of Child Marriage and Its Effects on the Child in Jigawa State, North West Nigeria: Implications for Counselling
Authors: Onoyase Anna 
Published: February 2020

This research sought to find out the causes of child marriage and its effects on the child in Jigawa State, North-West Nigeria. In order to carry out this investigation, the researcher formulated two research questions and one hypothesis to guide the investigation. An instrument tagged “Causes of Child Marriage And Its Effects On The Child” (COCMAIETCQ) was constructed by the investigator to collect information from the respondents. The instrument has 21 items, 10 on the causes of child marriage and 11 on effects of child marriage. The researcher conducted a reliability test on the instrument using split – half method to get a reliability coefficient of 0.79. The researcher used the purposive sampling technique to select 270 married men and women that took part in the research. The investigator used 3 research assistants to administer 270 copies of the questionnaire on the respondents in the urban, semi – urban and rural areas of Jigawa State. The research assistants retrieved 72, 88 and 71 copies of the questionnaire from the respondents in urban, semi – urban and rural areas respectively. The researcher collated the data from the field work, used the mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions while one – way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The investigator used 2.50 as benchmark to know if respondents agreed or disagreed with each of the 21 items of the instrument. The investigation revealed that there is child marriage due to poverty of parents with mean score of 3.18, Islamic religion allows child marriage with mean score of 2.90, and high bride price encourages child marriage with mean score of 2.65. The research equally revealed that young married girls may develop obstetric fistula due to prolonged delivery with mean score of 3.22, early marriage of girls could lead to their drop – out from school with mean score of 3.19 and child marriage violates women’s right to consensual marriage with mean score of 2.99. One of the recommendations was that the Jigawa State government should enact a law that prohibits child marriage so that women’s rights to freedom of education are not violated.
Age as a risk factor for steroid-induced ocular hypertension in the non-paediatric population
Authors: Choi Wungrak , Bae Hyoung Won , Choi Eun Young , Kim Minha , Kim Eun Woo , Kim Chan Yun , Kim Min , Seong Gong Je 
Published: February 2020

Background/aimsTo evaluate the age-related risk of steroid-induced ocular hypertension by analysing intraocular pressure (IOP) changes after intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX, Ozurdex) implant injection.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted among patients (n=455; 570 eyes) who had received DEX injection. IOP was measured prior to injection and after 1 week and 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months. Results were divided into seven categories based on patient age: 16–30, 31–40, 41–50, 51–60, 61–70, 71–80 and 81–90 years. The IOP elevation rate was compared among the groups.ResultsThe IOP elevation rate was 42.9% in patients aged ≤30 years (35.3%, 28.3%, 14.9%, 12.2%, 8.4% and 9.1% in the 31–40, 41–50, 51–60, 61–70, 71–80 and 81–90 groups, respectively). Regardless of how IOP was measured, there was an increasing trend in the incidence of IOP elevation with decreasing age. Furthermore, there was a significant stepwise increase in the OR with decreasing age groups. After the 51–60 group was set as the reference point, the ORs (95% CIs) were 5.048 (1.436 to 17.747), 3.671 (1.101 to 12.238), 2.538 (1.043 to 6.178), 0.947 (0.431 to 2.078), 0.713 (0.312 to 1.626) and 0.646 (0.137 to 3.048) in the ≤30, 31–40, 41–50, 61–70, 71–80 and 81–90 groups, respectively.ConclusionThe rate of adverse elevations in IOP after steroid use was significantly lower in older patients than in younger patients. Therefore, caution is required when prescribing steroids to younger patients (<51 years).
Protocol for the SAFEST review: the Shock-Absorbing Flooring Effectiveness SysTematic review including older adults and staff in hospitals and care homes
Authors: Drahota Amy , Felix Lambert M , Keenan Bethany E , Lachance Chantelle C , Laing Andrew , Mackey Dawn C , Raftery James 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionFalls in hospitals and care homes are a major issue of international concern. Inpatient falls are the most commonly reported safety incident in the UK’s National Health Service (NHS), costing the NHS £630 million a year. Injurious falls are particularly life-limiting and costly. There is a growing body of evidence on shock-absorbing flooring for fall-related injury prevention; however, no systematic review exists to inform practice.Methods and analysisWe will systematically identify, appraise and summarise studies investigating the clinical and cost-effectiveness, and experiences of shock-absorbing flooring in hospitals and care homes. Our search will build on an extensive search conducted by a scoping review (inception to May 2016). We will search electronic databases (AgeLine, CINAHL, MEDLINE, NHS Economic Evaluation Database, Scopus and Web of Science; May 2016–present), trial registries and grey literature. We will conduct backward and forward citation searches of included studies, and liaise with study researchers. We will evaluate the influence of floors on fall-related injuries, falls and staff work-related injuries through randomised and non-randomised studies, consider economic and qualitative evidence, and implementation factors. We will consider risk of bias, assess heterogeneity and explore potential effect modifiers via subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. Where appropriate we will combine studies through meta-analysis. We will use the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) approach to evaluate the quality of evidence and present the results using summary of findings tables, and adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses reporting guidelines.Ethics and disseminationWe will follow the ethical principles of systematic review conduct, by attending to publication ethics, transparency and rigour. Our dissemination plan includes peer-reviewed publication, presentations, press release, stakeholder symposium, patient video and targeted knowledge-to-action reports. This review will inform decision-making around falls management in care settings and identify important directions for future research.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019118834.
Open-label placebo treatment of women with premenstrual syndrome: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Frey Nascimento Antje , Gaab Jens , Kirsch Irving , Kossowsky Joe , Meyer Andrea , Locher Cosima 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionRecent evidence suggests that for certain clinical conditions, placebos can improve clinical outcomes even without deception. These so-called open-label placebos (OLPs) bear the advantage of a significant lower risk of adverse events and comply with ethical principles. Although premenstrual syndrome (PMS) seems to be considerably susceptible to placebo effects, no study has examined open-OLP responses on PMS.Methods and analysisTo test the efficacy of OLPs in women suffering from PMS, a clinical randomised controlled trial including two OLP study groups (with and without treatment rationale) was designed to investigate on the effect on PMS. PMS symptoms are monitored on a daily basis via a symptom diary, adverse events are monitored intermittently. The study started in spring 2018 and patients will be included until a maximum of 150 participants are randomised. Besides the primary outcome PMS symptom intensity and interference, an array of further variables is assessed. Multilevel modelling will be used for data analyses.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee Northwest and Central Switzerland. Results of the main analysis and of secondary analyses will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numbers(1) ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03547661); (2) Swiss national registration (SNCTP000002809).
Patient burden and clinical advances associated with postapproval monotherapy cancer drug trials: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Carlisle Benjamin Gregory , Doussau Adélaïde , Kimmelman Jonathan 
Published: February 2020

ObjectivesAfter regulatory approval, drug companies, public funding agencies and academic researchers often pursue trials aimed at extending the uses of a new drug by testing it in new non-approved indications. Patient burden and clinical impact of such research are not well understood.Design and settingWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of postapproval clinical trials launched within 5 years after the drug’s first approval, testing anticancer drugs in monotherapy in indications that were first pursued after a drug’s first Food and Drug Administration (FDA) license, for all 12 anticancer drugs approved between 2005 and 2007. FDA, Medline and Embase search date 2019 February 12.Primary and secondary outcome measuresOur primary objective was to measure burden and clinical impact for patients enrolling in these trials. Each trial was sorted into a ‘trajectory’ defined by the drug and cancer indication. The risk was operationalised by proportions of grade 3–4 severe adverse events and deaths. The clinical impact was measured by estimating the proportion of patients participating in trajectories that resulted in FDA approval, uptake into National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) clinical practice guidelines or advancement to randomised controlled trials within 8 years.ResultsOur search captured 104 published trials exploring monotherapy, including 69 unique trajectories. In total, trials in our sample enrolled 4699 patients. Grade 3–4 adverse events were experienced by 19.6% of patients; grade 5 events were experienced by 2.8% of patients. None of the trajectories launched after initial drug approval received FDA approval. Five trajectories were recommended by the NCCN within 8 years of the first trial within that trajectory. Eleven trajectories were advanced to randomised controlled testing.ConclusionsThe challenges associated with unlocking new applications for drugs that first received approval from 2005 to 2007 were similar to those for developing new drugs altogether. Our findings can help inform priority setting in research and provide a basis for calibrating expectations when considering enrolment in label-extending trials.
Retrospective cohort study of the relationship between systolic blood pressure variability and multiple sclerosis disability
Authors: Goldman Myla D , Min Seulgi , Lobo Jennifer M , Sohn Min-Woong 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure (SBP) variability and patient-reported outcome measure of disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.DesignA retrospective cohort study of individuals with MS who completed a patient-determined disease steps (PDDS) scale between 2011 and 2015 at an MS specialty clinic.ParticipantsIndividuals with MS for whom both a completed PDDS scale and ≥3 SBP measures within the prior 12 months of the survey were available.Main outcome measureParticipants were grouped into three classes of disability (no or mild (PDDS 0–1), moderate (2–3), severe (4–7)). SBP variability was calculated as within-subject SD using all SBP measures taken during the past 12 months. SBP variability was analysed by Tertile groups.ResultsNinety-two subjects were included in this analysis. Mean PDDS score was 2.22±1.89. Compared with subjects in Tertile 1 (lowest variability), the odds of being in a higher disability group was 3.5 times higher (OR=3.48; 95% CI: 1.08 to 11.25; p=0.037) in Tertile 2 and 5.2 times higher (OR=5.19; 95% CI: 1.53 to 17.61; p=0.008) in Tertile 3 (highest variability), independent of mean SBP, age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index and comorbidities (p for trend=0.008). Mean PDDS scores were 1.52±1.18 in Tertile 1, 2.73±1.02 in Tertile 2 and 2.42±0.89 in Tertile 3 after adjusting for the same covariates.ConclusionsOur results show a significant gradient relationship between SBP variability and MS-related disability. More research is needed to determine the underlying pathophysiological relationship between SBP variability and MS disability progression.
Acute rule-out of non–ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome in the (pre)hospital setting by HEART score assessment and a single point-of-care troponin: rationale and design of the ARTICA randomised trial
Authors: Aarts Goaris W A , Camaro Cyril , van Geuns Robert-Jan , Cramer Etienne , van Kimmenade Roland R J , Damman P , van Grunsven Pierre M , Adang Eddy , Giesen Paul , Rutten Martijn , Ouwendijk Olaf , Gomes Marc E R , van Royen Niels 
Published: February 2020

IntroductionBecause of the lack of prehospital protocols to rule out a non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS), patients with chest pain are often transferred to the emergency department (ED) for thorough evaluation. However, in low-risk patients, an ACS is rarely found, resulting in unnecessary healthcare consumption. Using the HEART (History, ECG, Age, Risk factors and Troponin) score, low-risk patients are easily identified. When a point-of-care (POC) troponin measurement is included in the HEART score, an ACS can adequately be ruled out in low-risk patients in the prehospital setting. However, it remains unclear whether a prehospital rule-out strategy using the HEART score and a POC troponin measurement in patients with suspected NSTE-ACS is cost-effective.Methods and analysisThe ARTICA trial is a randomised trial in which the primary objective is to investigate the cost-effectiveness after 30 days of an early rule-out strategy for low-risk patients suspected of a NSTE-ACS, using a modified HEART score including a POC troponin T measurement. Patients are included by ambulance paramedics and 1:1 randomised for (1) presentation at the ED (control group) or (2) POC troponin T measurement (intervention group) and transfer of the care to the general practitioner in case of a low troponin T value. In total, 866 patients will be included. Follow-up will be performed after 30 days, 6 months and 12 months.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has been accepted by the Medical Research Ethics Committee region Arnhem-Nijmegen. The results of this trial will be disseminated in one main paper and in additional papers with subgroup analyses.Trial registration numberNetherlands Trial Register (NL7148).