bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of distinct anti‐hypertensive drugs and risk for COVID‐19 among hypertensive people: A population‐based cohort study in Southern Catalonia, Spain
Authors: Vila‐Corcoles Angel , Satue‐Gracia Eva , Ochoa‐Gondar Olga , Torrente‐Fraga Cristina , Gomez‐Bertomeu Frederic , Vila‐Rovira Angel , Hospital‐Guardiola Imma , de Diego‐Cabanes Cinta , Bejarano‐Romero Ferran , Rovira‐Veciana Dolors , Basora‐Gallisa Josep 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe use of some anti‐hypertensive drugs in the current COVID‐19 pandemic has become controversial. This study investigated possible relationships between anti‐hypertensive medications use and COVID‐19 infection risk in the ambulatory hypertensive population. This is a population‐based retrospective cohort study involving 34 936 hypertensive adults >50 years in Tarragona (Southern Catalonia, Spain) who were retrospectively followed through pandemic period (from 01/03/2020 to 30/04/2020). Two data sets including demographic/clinical characteristics (comorbidities and cardiovascular medications use) and laboratory PCR codes for COVID‐19 were linked to construct an anonymized research database. Cox regression was used to calculate multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and estimate the risk of suffering COVID‐19 infection. Across study period, 205 PCR‐confirmed COVID‐19 cases were observed, which means an overall incidence of 586.8 cases per 100 000 persons‐period. In multivariable analyses, only age (HR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.02‐1.05; P < .001) and nursing home residence (HR: 19.60; 95% CI: 13.80‐27.84; P < .001) appeared significantly associated with increased risk of COVID‐19. Considering anti‐hypertensive drugs, receiving diuretics (HR: 1.22; 95% CI: 0.90‐1.67; P = .205), calcium channel blockers (HR: 1.29; 95%CI: 0.91‐1.82; P = .148), beta‐blockers (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.68‐1.37; P = .844), and angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.61‐1.13; P = .238) did not significantly alter the risk of PCR‐confirmed COVID‐19, whereas receiving angiotensin II receptor blockers was associated with an almost statistically significant reduction risk (HR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.44‐1.01; P = .054). In conclusion, our data support that receiving renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitors does not predispose for suffering COVID‐19 infection in ambulatory hypertensive people. Conversely, receiving angiotensin II receptor blockers could be related with a reduced risk.
Lin28a up‐regulation is associated with the formation of restenosis via promoting proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Zou Zhiwei , Zhou Xiaojun , Zhang Ruzhen , Zhang Qian , Jiang Shan , Xu Chunmei , Zhang Rui , Xie Tianyue , Zhu Huangao , Gong Piyun , Zhang Dongmei , Ma Huimei , Liao Lin , Dong Jianjun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo explore the potential role of Lin28a in the development of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, double‐balloon injury surgery and mono‐balloon injury surgery were used to establish restenosis and atherosclerosis models, respectively, so as to better distinguish restenosis from atherosclerotic lesions. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that significantly higher expression of Lin28a was observed in the iliac arteries of restenosis plaques than that of atherosclerosis plaques. Immunofluorescence studies showed the colocalization of Lin28a with α‐smooth muscle actin in restenosis plaques, rather than in atherosclerosis plaques, which suggested that Lin28a might be related to the unique behaviour of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in restenosis. To further confirm above hypothesis, Lin28a expression was up‐regulated by transfection of Lenti‐Lin28a and inhibited by Lenti‐Lin28a‐shRNA transfection in cultured VSMCs, and then the proliferation and migration capability of VSMCs were detected by EdU and Transwell assays, respectively. Results showed that the proliferation and migration of VSMCs were significantly increased in accordance with the up‐regulation of Lin28a expression, while above behaviours of VSMCs were significantly suppressed after inhibiting the expression of Lin28a. In conclusion, the up‐regulation of Lin28a exerts its modulatory effect on VSMCs’ proliferation and migration, which may play a critical role in contributing to pathological formation of restenosis.
Functional dyspepsia in children: A study of pathophysiological factors
Authors: Shava Upender , Srivastava Anshu , Mathias Amrita , Kumar Narvesh , Yachha Surender Kumar , Gambhir Sanjay , Poddar Ujjal 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and AimFunctional dyspepsia (FD) is common in children, and treatment targeted towards the altered pathophysiology can improve outcome. We evaluated FD children for abnormality of gastric accommodation and emptying, psychological stressors (PS), Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, and post‐infectious FD.MethodsDiagnosis of FD was based on ROME III criteria. Clinical evaluation including dyspeptic symptom scoring and assessment for PS was performed. Satiety drink test for gastric accommodation, gastroscopy with biopsy for HP infection, and solid meal gastric emptying were performed. Sixty‐seven healthy children were enrolled for assessing PS and satiety drink test.ResultsFifty‐five FD children (33 boys, age 12 [6–18] years) with symptoms for 4 (2–48) months and dyspeptic score of 5 (1–13) were enrolled. PS were more common in FD than in controls (46/55 vs 9/67; P < 0.001). Median satiety drink volume was 360 mL (180–1320 mL); no patients had satiety drink volume of < 5th centile of healthy children. The frequency (98% vs 85%; P = 0.01) and severity (65 [10–175] vs 50 [5–130]; P < 0.001) of postprandial symptoms were higher in FD than in controls. Of the postprandial symptoms, pain (20.3% vs 0%; P = 0.000) was present only in FD. Delayed gastric emptying was present in 6.5%, HP infection in 11%, and post‐infectious FD in 13% cases. Etiological factor was identified in 87% children, with 20% having multiple factors.ConclusionsAbnormality of gastric sensorimotor function is seen in one‐fourth of FD cases. HP infection and post‐infectious FD are present in 11% and 13% cases, respectively.
Rate, reasons, predictors, and burden of readmissions after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement
Authors: Khan Ahmad , Maheshwari Sanjay , Gupta Kamesh , Naseem Khadija , Chowdry Monica , Singh Shailendra 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and AimNationwide data on readmissions after the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure are lacking. We aimed to investigate the 30‐day readmission rate after TIPS procedure, reasons, and predictors for readmissions and its impact on resource utilization and mortality in the USA.MethodsWe identified all adults who underwent an inpatient TIPS procedure between 2010 and 2014 using the National Readmission Database. Outcomes included all‐cause 30‐day readmission rate, reasons and predictors of readmissions, mortality rate, and mean hospitalization charges.ResultsOut of a total of 31 230 hospitalizations with TIPS procedure, 28 021 patients met the study criteria and were finally included. The mean age of patients was 56.90 years, and 63.84% were men. All‐cause 30‐day readmission rate was 27.81%. Hepatic encephalopathy with or without coma was the most common reason for readmissions in at least 36.43% patients. The in‐hospital mortality for index hospitalization and 30‐day readmission was 10.69% and 5.85%, respectively. The mean hospitalization charges for index hospitalization and readmissions were $153 357 and $45 751, respectively. Advanced age, Medicaid insurance, higher Charlson comorbidy index, ascites as indication of TIPS, and nonspecific or hepatitis C cirrhosis etiologies for cirrhosis were found to be independent predictors of 30‐day readmissions after a TIPS procedure.ConclusionsOur study found a high rate of readmission for patients undergoing TIPS procedure, and the majority of these readmissions were related to hepatic encephalopathy. Further studies highlighting areas for improvement, particularly for patient selection and post‐discharge care, are needed to reduce readmissions.
Ezrin as a prognostic indicator regulates colon adenocarinoma progression through glycolysis
Authors: Wang Yixuan , Yang Yang , Wang Xinyue , Jin Tiefeng , Zhu Guang , Lin Zhenhua 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and AimAerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) is a distinctive metabolic hallmark of colon adenocarcinoma. Ezrin was a member of the Ezrin–Radixin–Moesin protein family and has been found profoundly implicated in tumorigenesis. However, the specific functional roles of Ezrin in metabolic reprogramming of colon adenocarcinoma remain poorly characterized and need to be explored.MethodsThe expression of Ezrin in colon adenocarcinoma tissues was screened by bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemical assay. Si‐RNA‐mediated transfection and overexpression plasmid transfection were performed in colon adenocarcinoma cells. The proliferation viability was measured using MTT, colony formation, and EdU assays. The migration ability was determined using wound healing and transwell assay. The expression of EMT markers and transcriptional factors was detected using immunofluorescence staining and western blot assays. Glucose uptake, lactate production, and ATP assay were performed to validate the effect of Ezrin on glycolysis‐mediated colon adenocarcinoma progression.ResultsEzrin was upregulated in colon adenocarcinoma tissues and associated with poor survival. Ezrin stimulated colon adenocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and the process of EMT. Ezrin aroused significant increase in glucose uptake, lactate production, and ATP level in colon adenocarcinoma cells. Further investigations demonstrated that treatment with a glycolytic inhibitor 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose reversed the effects reduced by Ezrin on colon adenocarcinoma cells.ConclusionsOur results evidenced a novel mechanism for colon adenocarcinoma cells proliferation and migration induced by Ezrin via glycolysis.
Recruitment Challenges for Low‐Risk Health System Intervention Trials in Older Adults: A Case Study
Authors: Anzuoni Kathryn , Field Terry S. , Mazor Kathleen M. , Zhou Yanhua , Garber Lawrence D. , Kapoor Alok , Gurwitz Jerry H. 
Published: July 2020

OBJECTIVETo assess factors associated with trial participation in the context of a low‐risk intervention intended to reduce adverse drug events in recently hospitalized older adults.DESIGNMixed methods: analysis of data collected during enrollment efforts and focus groups.SETTINGA large, multispecialty group practice.PARTICIPANTSIndividuals 50 years and older, recently discharged from the hospital and prescribed at least one high‐risk medication, were eligible for the trial. Enrollees, decliners, and their caregivers were eligible to participate in focus groups.MEASUREMENTSReasons for declining to participate during the initial invitation as well as reasons for not providing consent were recorded. Focus groups were conducted with eligible individuals to explore reasons for enrolling or declining. We conducted multivariable logistic regression to compare characteristics (including sex, age, healthcare proxy, number and type of medications, visiting nurse services, reason for admission, and length of hospital stay) of those who enrolled with those who did not enroll.RESULTSOf 3,606 individuals determined eligible, 3,147 (87%) declined, 98 (3%) verbally consented to participate but did not complete written consent, and 361 (10%) provided written consent and were considered enrolled. Individuals 80 year and older (odds ratio (OR) = 0.44; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.30–0.65) and those with visiting nurse services (OR = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.48–0.85) were least likely to enroll. Among those who provided a reason for declining (2,473), the most common was the belief they did not need additional medication assistance (18%). Another 332 (11%) declined because they were receiving visiting nurse services.CONCLUSIONRecruiting older adults recently discharged from the hospital to participate in trials of low‐risk, system‐level interventions is challenging and may underenroll the oldest individuals and those potentially at the highest risk for adverse events, limiting generalizability of study findings. Alternative study designs may be more effective than individually randomized trials in assessing low‐risk, system‐level interventions.
An herbal cream reduces erythema of sensitive skin
Authors: Zhang Yuanjin , Jin Yumei , Humbert Philippe , Fan Xiaoqing , Cha Yusi , Guo Yanni , He Li 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundSensitive skin manifests itself as a syndrome defined by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations such as stinging, burning, and pruritus. Though not life‐threatening, it can negatively impact the quality of people's lives because of symptoms and clinical signs. Although some skin care products can alleviate symptoms of sensitive skin, a product that can improve multiple abnormalities of sensitive skin are largely unavailable.AimsTo assess the efficacy of a newly developed herbal cream in reducing erythema.MethodsA randomized double‐blind and self‐controlled trial was carried out on a total of 35 volunteers. The test cream (A) was applied topically to one side of the face twice‐daily, while the control cream (B) was applied to the other side of the face. Parameters were evaluated prior to, 14, and 28 days after topical applications. Primary endpoints included changes in erythema area, erythema index (EI), and a* value. Transepidermal water loss rates (TEWL), stratum corneum (SC) hydration, and lactic acid sting test (LAST) score, as well as the L* value, served as secondary endpoints.ResultTreatments with either cream A or B markedly reduced erythema area, EI, and a* value. Significant reductions in both TEWL and L* value were also observed following topical applications of either cream A or B. Moreover, cream A decreased LAST score. Finally, the satisfaction rate of cream A was higher than that of cream B.ConclusionThe new herbal cream improves cutaneous biophysical properties in subjects with sensitive skin, especially in reducing erythema.
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW OF TOURISM GROWTH NEXUS: AN OVERVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF 100 MOST INFLUENTIAL PAPERS
Authors: Ahmad Nisar , Menegaki Angeliki N. , Al‐Muharrami Saeed 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study performs the first citation‐based systematic literature review of the tourism‐growth nexus. The citation analysis provides a bird's eye view of this literature, which, in turn, identifies the sources of knowledge in terms of most influential journals, authors, and articles. A detailed content analysis of 100 most influential papers has been generated on the nature of the study, variables used, country of analysis, type of analysis, the methodology, and the direction of causality. In total, 284 papers were found relevant in the Scopus database using a comprehensive list of keywords. The citation analysis reveals that Tourism Management is the leading journal with a total of 2527 citation counts, whereas Tourism Economics is the leading journal with a total of 41 publications on this topic. Juan Gabriel Brida is the most prolific author, whereas Lee and Chang (2008) is recognized as the most influential paper. The content analysis reveals that 58% have applied time series, and 38% have used panel data analysis. Tourism causing growth is the leading result of both time‐series and panel studies. International tourism receipts/earnings/expenditure and the number of international tourist arrivals are the most widely used variables to measure tourism.
Better together: Joint consideration of anatomy and morphology illuminates the architecture and life history of the Carboniferous arborescent lycopsid Paralycopodites
Authors: DiMichele William A. , Bateman Richard M. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractParalycopodites Morey & Morey, a Carboniferous‐age arboreous lycopsid that grew in the tropical wetlands of Pangea, is the phylogenetically basalmost member of the Carboniferous stigmarian lycopsids to be conceptually reconstructed. We update its description through reciprocal illumination between anatomy (coal‐balls) and gross morphology (adpressions). Revised assessment of its architecture and development shows that the determinate, columnar main trunk eventually underwent several isotomous divisions to form a crown. Two opposite rows of closely‐spaced, compact lateral branches were initiated anisotomously throughout the trunk and crown, each branch further undergoing multiple anisotomous divisions to form an apparently planar scaffold for numerous bisporangiate cones. We infer that branches were initially emitted near‐vertically, but rapidly moved to a more horizontal position; they were abscised after the cones had matured but before the continuous phellogen had produced a centripetal periderm. Leaves were not abscised, though anatomy and morphology both suggest a photosynthetic economy that was localized within the plant body. Character content and clarity of interpretation make Paralycopodites the preferred name for the reconstructed plant rather than Anabathra, Ulodendron, or Bergeria. Phylogenetic analysis of rhizomorphic lycopsids based on a reduced spectrum of features observable in adpression returns the same topology as that based on a full matrix combining both anatomical and externally visible traits, permitting adpression fossils to be assigned to anatomically‐circumscribed genera rather than perpetuating an unnecessary parallel taxonomy.
Contrasting patterns of phylogenetic diversity across climatic zones of Western Ghats: A biodiversity hotspot in peninsular India
Authors: B. Divya , B.R. Ramesh , Karanth K. Praveen 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis study attempts to understand the biogeographic history of the Western Ghats forests by investigating decoupling between phylogenetic and taxonomic diversity. We specifically test whether the deciduous forests have been recently established, whether the southern region was a refuge, and whether the deciduous and evergreen forest species have disparate evolutionary histories. We used species composition data from 23 forest types along the Western Ghats for all woody angiosperms above 10‐cm diameter at breast height. Forests were broadly grouped as either evergreen or deciduous. Mean phylogenetic distances corrected for species richness and mean phylogenetic beta diversity corrected for shared species were assessed using z‐scores from null distributions. Null distributions were generated by randomizing the species relationships on the phylogeny. We found that all evergreen forests showed a greater phylogenetic diversity as compared with null expectations. Deciduous forests showed the inverse pattern. Within the evergreen belt, there was a decreasing phylogenetic diversity from south to north, as predicted by the southern refuge hypothesis. The phylogenetic beta diversity across evergreen–deciduous forests was lesser than the null expectation, whereas it was much higher across forests within the evergreen belt. This study provides the first phylogenetic evidence for the antiquity of evergreen forests as well as the southern refuge hypothesis in the Western Ghats. The deciduous forests species have shared evolutionary histories with the evergreen forest species, suggesting multiple shifts between evergreen and deciduous states through the lineages. Conversely, the evergreen species exhibited a disparate evolutionary history across these forests, possibly owing to sharper ecological or climatic gradients.
Antimicrobial drug residues in animal‐derived foods: Potential impact on the human intestinal microbiome
Authors: Piñeiro Silvia Aurora , Cerniglia Carl Edward 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe use of veterinary drugs in food‐producing animals may result in the presence of low levels of drug residues in these edible, animal‐derived foods, with potential dietary exposure to humans. Since therapeutic doses of antibiotics have been shown to affect bacterial populations in the gastrointestinal tract microbiome and can also promote the emergence of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria, there is concern that animal drugs at residue level concentrations could also perturb the intestinal microbiome composition and modify the antimicrobial resistance profile of the human intestinal microbiota. This review provides updated information on the VICH GL#36(R2), on evaluating the safety of veterinary drug residues in animal‐derived foods and their effects on the human intestinal microbiome; discusses critical research knowledge gaps and challenges in evaluating the impact of drug residues in animal‐derived foods on the human intestinal microbiome; and analyzes integrated basic and applied research approaches, currently being conducted at FDA, on studies that specifically address key regulatory science questions. Moreover, this review aims to emphasize future research needs on scientific methodology and provides general recommendations on drug inactivation, bioavailability, and antimicrobial resistance, to improve the safety evaluation and risk assessment of antimicrobial residues and their impact on the gastrointestinal microbiota, with the goal of ensuring food safety.
Utilizing Meta‐Analyses to Guide Practice: A Primer
Authors: Therrien William J. , Cook Bryan G. , Cook Lysandra 
Published: July 2020

AbstractMeta‐analysis is one approach for synthesizing research studies to identify generally effective instructional practices for students with learning disabilities (LD). In this article, we define core components of meta‐analytic literature reviews, discuss how to interpret findings from meta‐analyses, and provide guidelines for how research consumers can utilize meta‐analyses to guide instructional practices for students with LD. We conclude that meta‐analyses provide valuable information for determining evidence‐based practices for students with LD.
R&D cooperation, proximity and distribution of public funding between public and private research sectors
Authors: Cabon‐Dhersin Marie‐Laure , Gibert Romain 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we compare the distributions of socially optimal public funding between private and public research sectors in cooperative and noncooperative R&D settings in the presence of externalities. We show that the proportion of public funding allocated to the private sector research always increases with the level of inter‐firm spillovers but decreases with the concentration of the industry. This share is smaller (larger) when firms cooperate in R&D than when they do not for high (low) spillovers. Moreover, increases in public knowledge externalities to the private sector due to a closer proximity (distance) between the two research sectors increase the share allocated to the public sector regardless of whether firms cooperate or not in R&D.