bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat shock protein beta 3 (HSPB3) is an unfavorable molecular biomarker in colorectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kalioraki Maria‐Anna , Artemaki Pinelopi I. , Sklirou Aimilia D. , Kontos Christos K. , Adamopoulos Panagiotis G. , Papadopoulos Iordanis N. , Trougakos Ioannis P. , Scorilas Andreas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSmall heat shock proteins (sHSPs) participate in numerous cellular functions including cell signaling, differentiation, and apoptosis. Deregulation of the physiological expression level of sHSPs has been associated with several malignancies. Heat shock protein beta 3 (HSPB3) is the third member of the sHSP family in human and is mainly expressed in skeletal and smooth muscles. In this study, we investigated the potential prognostic significance of HSPB3 expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma, the most frequent type of colorectal cancer. For this purpose, we isolated total RNA from 188 colorectal adenocarcinoma specimens and 68 paired noncancerous ones. After reverse transcription of 2 μg total RNA, we quantified HSPB3 levels by using an in‐house–developed real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction method, based on the SYBR Green chemistry. Comparison of HSPB3 levels among 68 pairs of colorectal tumors and their adjacent noncancerous mucosae uncovered the downregulation of HSPB3 expression in the majority of malignant colorectal tumors. More importantly, high HSPB3 expression is associated with poor relapse‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that HSPB3 overexpression could serve as an adverse prognostic biomarker in colorectal adenocarcinoma, independent of tumor location, histological grade, and TNM stage. Patients’ stratification according to tumor location, histological grade, and TNM stage revealed that high HSPB3 messenger RNA expression retains its unfavorable prognostic potential regarding OS, in particular groups of patients with substantially different prognosis. In conclusion, high HSPB3 expression is associated with poor RFS and OS of patients with colorectal adenocarcioma, independently of clinicopathological prognosticators.
Generic and specific facets of vulnerability for analysing trade‐offs and synergies in natural resource management
Authors: Thiault Lauric , Gelcich Stefan , Cinner Joshua E. , Tapia‐Lewin Sebastian , Chlous Frédérique , Claudet Joachim 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

The concept of vulnerability as the combination of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity to a stressor is gaining traction outside of the climate realm, opening new avenues to address contemporary sustainability issues more holistically. Yet, critical notions that underpin vulnerability have yet to be integrated into its application to natural resource management and non‐climatic stressors. In particular, the way generic and stressor‐specific facets of vulnerability interact and can inform decision‐makers about how interventions combine and/or trade‐off remains unexplored.

Here, we investigate the salience of the generic/specific framing in the context of Chilean artisanal fishing communities engaged in rights‐based co‐management and experiencing pressures from two stressors: poaching and market volatility. Specifically, we draw on market data combined with socio‐economic surveys conducted with 446 members and leaders from 42 fisher unions to quantitatively investigate potential trade‐offs and synergies between facets of vulnerability to poaching and markets.

Generic adaptive capacity (i.e. flexibility, assets, learning, organization and agency) likely facilitated stressor‐specific adaptive capacities to both stressors. High levels of specific adaptive capacity to one stressor neither increased exposure nor undermined specific adaptive capacity to the other stressor. However, adaptive capacity did not translate into exposure reduction as expected, suggesting that adaptation barriers may prevent fishers from mobilizing adaptive capacity into effective adaptive action.

This study illustrates how breaking down vulnerability into generic and specific facets can help us better anticipate important trade‐offs and synergies in management interventions. More generally, it highlights the potential of the climate adaptation and vulnerability literatures in informing place‐based management of natural resources.

A free Plain Language Summary can be found within the Supporting Information of this article.
Microfluidic Cell Trap Arrays for Single Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cell Behavior Analysis
Authors: Han Xin , Ma Yuan , Zhang Kai , Zhang Pengchao , Shao Ning , Qin Lidong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilization from the bone marrow to the bloodstream is a required step for blood cell renewal, and HSPC motility is a clinically relevant standard for peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Individual HSPCs exhibit considerable heterogeneity in motility behaviors, which are subject to complex intrinsic and extrinsic regulatory mechanisms. Motility‐based cell sorting is then demanded to fulfill the study of such mechanism complexity. However, due to the HSPC heterogeneity and difficulty in monitoring cell motility, such a platform is still not available. With the recent development of microfluidics technology, motility‐based monitoring, sorting, collecting, and analysis of HSPC behaviors are highly possible and achievable if fluid channels and structures are correctly engineered. Here, a new design of microfluidic arrays for single‐cell trapping is presented, enabling high‐throughput analysis of individual HSPC motility and behavior. Using these arrays, it is observed that HSPC motility is positively correlated with CD34 asymmetric inheritance and cell differentiation. Transcriptomic analysis of HSPCs sorted according to motility reveals changes in expression of genes associated with the regulation of stem‐cell maintenance. Ultimately, this novel, physical cell‐sorting system can facilitate the screening of HSPC mobilization compounds and the analysis of signals driving HSPC fate decisions.
A density functional theory perspective on 2,2,9,9‐tetrahalostannacyclonona‐3,5,7‐trienylidenes
Authors: Koohi Maryam , Bastami Hajieh 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCompared with cyclonona‐3,5,7‐trienylidene (1H), which turns out as a boat‐shaped singlet transition state for having a negative force constant, its heavier stanylenic analogues (2X), where X = H, F, Cl, Br, and I, emerge as boat‐shaped minima. This unsubstituted carbene has triplet ground state while exclusive of 2I, which initially take on a triplet multiplicity and eventually transforms to a less stable intramolecular ring opening product; other stanylenes (2H, 2F, 2Cl, and 2Br) have singlet ground state. Hence, stability anticipated by the singlet‐triplet splitting (ΔES‐T) decreases by going down in group 17 column: 2Br > 2Cl > 2F > 2H > 2I > 1H. Also, the HOMO‐LUMO energy separation (ΔEHOMO‐LUMO) increases as a result of substituting. The main stabilizing effect appears to be π– and σ–bond hyperconjugation among the iodine hetero atom and divalent center of triplet 2I. From a thermodynamic perspective, our scrutinized 2Br, 2Cl, and 2F are found 1.5 to 2 times more stable than that of the reported cyclopenta‐2,4‐dienstanylene and 2,5‐bis (halobora)‐cyclopentenstanylene analogues. From a kinetic perspective, these nine‐membered stanylenes are found 10 to 18 kcal/mol more stable than that of their corresponding five‐membered congeners. The NBO analysis on stable singlet 2Br‐S shows that there is a three‐type interaction including the first interaction between its bromine's lone pairs and tin's 5pπ orbital (mesomeric effect), second interaction between its bonding orbital (σCα‐Br) and tin's 5pπ orbital (positive hyperconjugation), and third interaction between its σ2Sn occupied orbital and antibonding orbitals of σ*Cα‐Br (negative hyperconjugation).
Enhancing palliative care patient access to psychological counseling through outreach telehealth services
Authors: Guzman Diana , Ann‐Yi Sujin , Bruera Eduardo , Wu Jimin , Williams Janet L. , Najera John , Raznahan Monica , Carmack Cindy L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractContext: Palliative care encompasses an interdisciplinary team, including mental health care professionals, to address psychological distress of cancer patients.Objectives: To present the implementation of an outreach counseling program via videoconferencing or telephone to patients receiving care in an outpatient palliative care clinic and to compare patients using this service to those who only received psychological counseling in our outpatient clinic.Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of cancer patients seen for psychology counseling services in an outpatient supportive care center between June 2015 and March 2017.Results: We reviewed 2072 unique patients (52% of the total patients seen at the outpatient Supportive Care Center), who had 4567 total counseling encounters across outreach and outpatient settings. A total of 452 (22%) patients participated in a combination of outpatient and outreach counseling services. Patients who participated in outreach services had significantly more encounters (311 [69%] had two to five sessions) compared with those who had outpatient services only (1137 [70%] had one session only) (P < .001). Outreach patients also had shorter times between the initial and follow‐up encounters (median 14 days) compared with those who had outpatient services only (median 30 days) (P < .0001).Conclusions: Outreach telehealth counseling services was found to enhance palliative care patient access to psychological counseling. These services represent an additional modality for providing continuous psychological care.
Characterization of plasma in aqueous solution using bipolar pulsed power: Tailoring plasma and optical emission with implication for detecting lead
Authors: Wang Ching‐Yu , Hsu Cheng‐Che 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis study presents the characterization of plasmas in solution using bipolar pulsed power sources. We aim to understand how the modulation of voltage pulses influences the plasma characteristics and the optical emission of plasmas. We use several repetitive pulse modes with different voltage waveforms, pulse widths, and frequencies to tailor the plasma. Electrical and optical diagnostics are performed. Optical emission spectroscopy is used to detect metallic ions. Applying a low‐voltage prepulse before the high‐voltage pulse, Pb emission intensity increases by 10 times. Changing the prepulse greatly alters the gas generated on the surface of discharge electrode and the plasma behavior. This finding provides a novel route for efficiently controlling the plasma behavior for environmental monitoring applications using bipolar pulses.
Psychiatric comorbidity in children with psychogenic and functional breathing disorders
Authors: Orengul Abdurrahman C. , Ertaş Erdem , Ustabas Kahraman Feyza , Yazan Hakan , Çakır Erkan , Nursoy Mustafa A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe present study aims to assess psychiatric diagnoses in children with psychogenic and functional breathing disorders (PFBD), which consist of children with psychogenic cough, throat‐clearing tics, and sighing dyspnea, and compare them to a control group without any diagnosis of chronic medical problems.MethodsThe participants consist of 52 children with PFBD and 42 children without any chronic medical problems. Psychiatric diagnoses were assessed via semistructured psychiatric interviews in both groups.ResultsThe two groups did not differ on age (PFBD group 11.25 ± 2.61, control group 11.17 ± 2.58; t = 0.14, P = .88) or sex (48.1% of the PFBD group were female, 61.9% of the control group were female; χ2 = 1.79, P = .18). 55.8% of the PFBD group and 28.6% of the control group had at least one psychiatric diagnosis according to the semistructured interviews (χ2 = 6.99, P = .008). The most common psychiatric diagnoses in the PFBD group were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; 17.3%), tic disorders, (15.4%), and specific phobia (15.4%). 11.5% of the cases in the PFBD group were diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder and more than half of the patients (n = 27 (51.9%)) showed clinical characteristics of tic disorders.ConclusionPsychiatric diagnoses are common in children with PFBD, and teamwork involving child psychiatrists may be essential for the management of children with PFBD.
Neonatal lung ultrasonography score after surfactant in preterm infants: A prospective observational study
Authors: Perri Alessandro , Tana Milena , Riccardi Riccardo , Iannotta Rossella , Giordano Lucia , Rubortone Serena Antonia , Priolo Francesca , Di Molfetta Domenico V. , Zecca Enrico , Vento Giovanni 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo assess changes in neonatal lung ultrasonography score (nLUS) after surfactant administration in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).Working HypothesisThe reduction of nLUS score before (nLUSpre), 2 hours (nLUS2h), and 12 hours (nLUS12h) after surfactant administration to identify patients who will not need a second treatment.Study Design and SettingProspective observational study in the tertiary neonatal intensive care unit.Patients SelectionForty‐six preterm neonates with RDS of 32 weeks median gestational age (IQR 30‐33) and mean birth weight of 1650 ± 715 g.MethodologyLung ultrasonography was performed before, 2 hours, and 12 hours after surfactant administration in preterm infants with RDS needing surfactant treatment. Resulting nLUS was analyzed.ResultsThe Wilcoxon signed‐rank test demonstrated an nLUS lowering after 2 hours (P < .001) and 12 hours (P < .001) from surfactant administration. Sixteen newborns required surfactant retreatment with median gestational age of 32 weeks (IQR 29‐33) and mean birth weight of 1519 ± 506 g.The receiver operating characteristic analysis for the nLUS2h yielded an area under the curve of 0.80 (95% confidence interval, 0.76‐0.85; P < .001). A nLUS2h ≥7 showed a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 60% for needing a second treatment with surfactant.ConclusionsIn preterm infants with RDS requiring surfactant treatment, nLUS evaluated 2 hours after surfactant administration can be used to identify patients who will not need a second treatment.
Shortcuts for faster image creation in PyMOL
Authors: Mooers Blaine H. M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPyMOL is often used to generate images of biomolecular structures. Hundreds of parameters in PyMOL provide precise control over the appearance of structures. We developed 241 Python functions—called “shortcuts”—that extend and ease the use of PyMOL. A user runs a shortcut by entering its name at the PyMOL prompt. We clustered the shortcuts by functionality into 25 groups for faster look‐up. One set of shortcuts generates new styles of molecular representation. Another group saves files with time stamps in the file names; the unique filenames avoid overwriting files that have already been developed. A third group submits search terms in the user's web browser. The help function prints the function's documentation to the command history window. This documentation includes the PyMOL commands that the user can reuse by copying and pasting onto the command line or into a script file. The shortcuts should save the average PyMOL user many hours per year searching for code fragments in their computer or on‐line.Statement for Lay PublicComputer‐generated images of protein structures are vital to the interpretation of and communication about the molecular structure of proteins. PyMOL is a popular computer program for generating such images. We made a large collection of macros or shortcuts that save time by executing complex operations with a few keystrokes.
Formulae for Line Bundle Cohomology on Calabi‐Yau Threefolds
Authors: Constantin Andrei , Lukas Andre 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe present closed form expressions for the ranks of all cohomology groups of holomorphic line bundles on several Calabi‐Yau threefolds realised as complete intersections in products of projective spaces. The formulae have been obtained by systematising and extrapolating concrete calculations and they have been checked computationally. Although the intermediate calculations often involve laborious computations of ranks of Leray maps in the Koszul spectral sequence, the final results for cohomology follow a simple pattern. The space of line bundles can be divided into several different regions, and in each such region the ranks of all cohomology groups can be expressed as polynomials in the line bundle integers of degree at most three. The number of regions increases and case distinctions become more complicated for manifolds with a larger Picard number. We also find explicit cohomology formulae for several non‐simply connected Calabi‐Yau threefolds realised as quotients by freely acting discrete symmetries. More cases may be systematically handled by machine learning algorithms.
Effect of abutment aspect ratio on clear‐water scour in floodplains
Authors: Abdelaziz Ahmed Abouelfetouh , Lim Siow Yong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractScour around abutments is recognized as one of the main reasons of bridge foundations failure. This paper presents the experimental results of the effects of abutment width and length on the scour development up to its equilibrium condition around 45° wing‐wall setback abutments in a compound channel. The developing scour hole characteristics are tested for three different lengths and widths at different time intervals until its equilibrium scour conditions. The findings showed that the abutment width has a profound effect on the characteristics of the scour hole, contradicting the results of previous studies. Generally, an increase in the relative abutment width leads to a reduction in the scour depth and width. However, the scour length, area, and volume initially increase with an increase in the relative abutment width, Lc/yf, from 1.33 to 10.67, where Lc is the abutment width and yf is the floodplain flow depth, and then these characteristics decrease significantly with a much wider abutment, Lc/yf, from 10.67 to 21.33. Overall, the effects of the abutment width on abutment scour should be accounted. To this end, empirical equations are proposed to predict the scour hole characteristics. Scour data from previous studies are also used to compare with the proposed equations.
Shooting stars? Uncertainty in hiring entrepreneurs
Authors: Mahieu Jeroen , Melillo Francesca , Reichstein Toke , Thompson Peter 
Published: November 2019

AbstractResearch SummaryThis article advances a theory to explain why a spell of entrepreneurship affects the future wages of entrepreneurs returning to the wage sector. We propose that entrepreneurship holds a low rather than a negative information value, increasing the uncertainty around a job applicant's future productivity. Employers respond to this uncertainty by discounting the offered wage. The theory predicts that uncertainty in hiring—and thus the wage penalty—is more pronounced for entrepreneurs (a) who were in the upper tail of the wage distribution before the entrepreneurial spell, (b) who exited entrepreneurship quickly, and (c) who are hired by small employers. We test and find empirical support for these predictions using a novel dataset of matched entrepreneurs and employees from Belgium.Managerial SummaryWe investigate the effect of past entrepreneurial experience on the future wages of entrepreneurs who go back to paid employment. We propose that former entrepreneurs receive a pay cut because employers consider them as risky hires. In line with our theory, we find that former entrepreneurs are penalized the most (a) if they were highly paid employees before becoming founders, (b) if they were entrepreneurs only for a few years, (c) and if they are hired by small employers. Our findings caution star employees from experimenting with an entrepreneurial career, as failing fast is costly. Moreover, we suggest that firms value probationary contracts to lower the risk of hiring entrepreneurs while learning about their skills.
A Computational Study on the Photochemistry of 2,4,4‐Trimethyl‐1‐pyrroline 1‐Oxide and Investigation on the Reaction Paths of Its Photoproduct Oxaziridine
Authors: Sen Sindhuja , Chattopadhyay Anjan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis computational study reveals the reaction pathways of the experimentally reported photo‐conversion of 2,4,4‐trimethyl‐1‐pyrroline 1‐oxide to oxaziridine and the subsequent reactions (thermal and photochemical) of this photo‐product. The latter involve the oxaziridine to N‐acetyl azetidine, pyrrolidone and pyrroline formation paths. The photo‐excitation of the cyclic nitrone gives weakly allowed S0‐S1 and strongly allowed S0‐S2 transitions with transition moment values of 0.12 D and 3.16 D, respectively. The low‐lying conical intersection (S0/S1) situated at 80 kcal / mol (at CASSCF level) above the ground state nitrone geometry is found to be responsible for the oxaziridine formation. This bicyclic compound has to overcome a barrier (∼ 50 kcal / mol) to form N‐acetyl azetidine. The transition state involved in this process has an imaginary frequency of 909i cm−1. A parallel photochemical path has been also predicted for the same reaction. The thermal oxaziridine‐pyrrolidone conversion involves a transition state with an imaginary frequency of 1136i cm−1 which indicates the breaking of the C–CH3 bond adjacent to the nitrogen atom. This cyclic amide compound is almost 20–25 kcal/mol more stable than the 4‐membered cyclic azetidine and both are lower in energy than oxaziridine.