bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma thymus and activation‐regulated chemokine (TARC) as diagnostic marker in pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Zijtregtop Eline A. M. , Meyer‐Wentrup Friederike , Wong Wai‐Chu , Hoogendijk Raoull , Lopez‐Yurda Marta , Zwaan Christian M. , Beishuizen Auke 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPediatric classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) is characterized by Hodgkin Reed‐Sternberg cells located in an inflammatory microenvironment. Blood biomarkers result from active crosstalk between these cells. One promising biomarker in adult cHL patients is “thymus‐and‐activation‐regulated chemokine” (TARC). The objectives of this study were to define normal TARC values in non‐cHL children and to investigate and correlate pretherapy TARC as diagnostic marker in pediatric cHL. In this multicenter prospective study, plasma and serum samples were collected of newly diagnosed cHL patients before start of treatment (n = 49), and from randomly selected non‐cHL patients (n = 81). TARC levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The non‐cHL patients had a median plasma TARC value of 71 pg/mL (range: 18‐762), compared to 14 619 pg/mL (range: 380‐73 174) in cHL patients (P < .001). TARC values had a high discriminatory power (AUC = .999; 95% confidence interval, .998‐1). A TARC cutoff level of 942 pg/mL maximized the sum of sensitivity (97.9%) and specificity (100%). TARC plasma levels were associated with age, treatment level, bulky disease, B‐symptoms, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. TARC was found to be a highly specific and sensitive diagnostic marker for pediatric cHL. This noninvasive marker could be of great value as screening test in the work‐up for pediatric patients with lymphadenopathy.
Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of some new heterocycles incorporating cyclohepta[b]thiophene‐3‐carboxamide derivatives
Authors: Gouda Moustafa A. , Al‐Ghorbani Mohammed , Al‐Zaqri Nabil 
Published: July 2020

AbstractA series of 2‐amino‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐4H‐cyclohepta[b]thiophene‐3‐carboxamide‐heterocyclic hybrids were synthesized, characterized and their cytotoxic potencies were assessed on four human cell lines. Cyanoacetamide derivative (5) was used as the key synthetic intermediate for the synthesis many derivatives in this study, derivatives 9, 11, 12 were formed by coupled compound 5 with different aryl/heteryl diazonium chlorides, Gewald reaction and Knoevenagel condensation were used for synthesis derivatives 13, 14, 16 by treated cyanoacetamide (5) with different reagents. In another route, compound 5 treated with phenyl isothiocyanate give thiocarbamoyl derivative (7) which used as intermediate underwent oxidative cyclization with different moieties to offer the corresponding thiazoles and thiophene 18, 19, 20, 21, respectively. in vitro cytotoxic activity of prepared compounds were tested against four human tumor cell lines. The result revealed that compound 11a displayed promising cytotoxic activity against HepG2, HCT‐116, MCF‐7, and PC3 cancer cell lines comparing to the positive control (Doxorubicin).
Examining the Use of Digital Storytelling and Immersion in a Multicultural Counseling Course
Authors: Parikh‐Foxx Sejal , Grimmet Marc , Dameron Merry Leigh 
Published: July 2020

This article explored the use of digital storytelling as a method to support multicultural counseling competency. Thematic analysis examined the experiences of 9 students who created a digital story through an immersion activity in a multicultural counseling course. Qualitative data revealed 4 themes: (a) initial discomfort with technology, (b) initial reservations with group work, (c) digital storytelling as a learning tool, and (d) multicultural counseling competency. Recommendations for counselor education and future research are provided.Este artículo exploró el uso de la narrativa digital como método para apoyar la competencia en consejería multicultural. Un análisis temático examinó las experiencias de 9 estudiantes que crearon una historia digital mediante una actividad de inmersión en un curso de consejería multicultural. Los datos cualitativos revelaron 4 temas: (a) una carencia inicial de familiaridad con la tecnología, (b) reservas iniciales en cuanto al trabajo en equipo, (c) la narrativa digital como herramienta de aprendizaje y (d) la competencia en consejería multicultural. Se ofrecen recomendaciones para la educación de consejeros e investigaciones futuras.
Capitalizing on Diversity in Counselor Education: An Application of the Interaction for Learning Framework
Authors: Chun Jina , Connor Annemarie , Alsaman Marwa , Urkmez Bilal , Kosciulek John F. 
Published: July 2020

This article presents a systematic, pedagogical approach to infusing multicultural interaction across curricula using the interaction for learning framework (ILF; Arkoudis et al., 2013) as a tool for exploring bias and, ultimately, promoting multicultural competence in counselor education programs. The authors provide educators with a description of the course curricula, instructional methods, student learning outcomes, and challenges from application of the ILF in a master's‐level assessment course in rehabilitation counseling.Este artículo presenta un enfoque pedagógico sistemático en la inclusión de interacciones multiculturales en múltiples planes de estudios usando el marco de interacción para el aprendizaje (ILF por sus siglas en inglés; Arkoudis et al., 2013) como herramienta para explorar sesgos y, a largo plazo, promover la competencia multicultural en los programas de educación de consejeros. Los autores proporcionan a los educadores una descripción de los planes de estudios, métodos didácticos, resultados del aprendizaje de los alumnos y retos derivados de la aplicación del ILF en un curso de evaluación de nivel máster en consejería en rehabilitación.
Evaluation of temperature, excipients impact on the primary structure of Ganirelix in an injectable formulation, and comparison with Orgalutran® using MALDI‐TOF/TOF‐MS
Authors: Ummiti Kumarswamy , Kumar J.V. Shanmukha 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGanirelix is a linear polypeptide consisting of covalently bonded 10 amino acid residues. The amino acid sequence in a peptide determines the properties of the molecule. The slightest change in the primary structure (amino acid sequence) of therapeutic peptides can significantly impact its safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity. Hence, the primary structure analysis of therapeutic peptides is regarded as a critical quality attribute (CQA). A vast array of analytical techniques can be used to capture the primary structure of the peptide. In this study, we applied matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)/tandem time of flight mass spectroscopic (TOF/TOF MS) method to demonstrate the primary structure of Ganirelix in an injectable formulation. The apparent monoisotopic molecular mass of Ganirelix is 1,568.9 Da. The attained primary amino acid sequence of Ganirelix in temperature‐stressed generic product matched with the theoretical sequence and showed homology with those of the reference listed drug (RLD).
An improved sealed quartz‐tube method for the determination of hydrogen isotopes in water
Authors: Li Hongwei , Feng Lianjun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHydrogen stable isotope analysis has been a valuable tool in the fields of geochemistry and ecological research as well as many other research fields. The methods are mainly divided into the dual‐inlet method (off‐line method) and continuous flow method. The dual‐inlet method is complicated and inefficient, but it is still important because of its high precision and wide application range. Although the continuous flow method improves the experimental efficiency, the memory effect is noticeable and the accuracy is reduced.An improved sealed quartz‐tube method is proposed in this paper. The sample is sealed in a capillary tube and placed in a quartz tube containing chromium powder. It is then packaged, evacuated, reacted at a high temperature, and analyzed for hydrogen isotope ratio. Excellent data accuracy, good reproducibility (<1‰), and no memory effect occurred in the method. The process is relatively simple, and the experimental efficiency is greatly improved, which provides an effective method for the analysis of hydrogen isotopes in complex liquid samples.
Investigation of space charge effects and ion trapping capacity on direct introduction ultra‐high‐resolution mass spectrometry workflows for metabolomics
Authors: Hohenester Ulli M. , Barbier Saint‐Hilaire Pierre , Fenaille François , Cole Richard B. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractUltra‐high‐resolution mass spectrometry, in the absence of chromatography, is finding its place for direct analyses of highly complex mixtures, such as those encountered during untargeted metabolomics screening. Advances, however, have been tempered by difficulties such as uneven signal suppression experienced during electrospray ionization. Moreover, ultra‐high‐resolution mass spectrometers that use Orbitrap and ICR analyzers both suffer from limited ion trapping capacities, owing principally to space‐charge effects. This study has evaluated and contrasted the above two types of Fourier transform mass spectrometers for their abilities to detect and identify by accurate mass measurement, small molecule metabolites present in complex mixtures. For these direct introduction studies, the Orbitrap Fusion showed a major advantage in terms of speed of analysis, enabling detection of 218 of 440 molecules (<2 ppm error, 500 000 resolution at m/z 200) present in a complex mixture in 5 min. This approach is the most viable for high‐throughput workflows, such as those used in investigations involving very large cohorts of metabolomics samples. From the same mixture, 183 unique molecules were observed by FT‐ICR in the broadband mode, but this number was raised to 235 when “selected ion monitoring‐stitching” (SIM‐stitching) was employed (<0.1 ppm error, 7 T magnet with dynamic harmonization cell, 1.8 million resolution at m/z 200, both cases). SIM‐stitching FT‐ICR thus offered the most complete detection, which may be of paramount importance in situations where it is essential to obtain the most complete metabolic profile possible. This added completeness, however, came at the cost of a more lengthy analysis time (120 min including manual treatment). Compared to the data presented here, future automation of processing, plus the use of absorption mode detection, segmented ion detection (stepwise detection of smaller width m/z sections), and higher magnetic field strengths, can substantially reduce FT‐ICR acquisition times.
Deep throat saliva as an alternative diagnostic specimen type for the detection of SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Leung Eddie Chi‐man , Chow Viola Chi‐ying , Lee May Kin‐ping , Lai Raymond Wai‐man 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) are widely accepted as specimens for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in the current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019. However, the collection procedures for NPS specimens causes sneezing and coughing in most patients, which generate droplets or aerosol particles that are hazardous to the healthcare workers collecting these specimens. In this study, 95 patient‐matched paired deep throat saliva (DTS) and NPS specimens from 62 patients were analyzed. Samples were tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 by reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR). The rates of detection for DTS (53.7%) and NPS (47.4%) samples were comparable (P = .13). It is important to note that the patients should be clearly instructed or supervised during DTS collection. In conclusion, SARS‐CoV‐2 detection by RT‐PCR was equivalent in DTS and NPS specimens.
Evaluation of sex‐related hormones and semen characteristics in reproductive‐aged male COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Ma Ling , Xie Wen , Li Danyang , Shi Lei , Ye Guangming , Mao Yanhong , Xiong Yao , Sun Hui , Zheng Fang , Chen Zhimin , Qin Jyuling , Lyu Jing , Zhang Yuanzhen , Zhang Ming 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn the past several months, the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)‐associated infection (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID‐19]) developed rapidly and has turned into a global pandemic. Although SARS‐CoV‐2 mainly attacks respiratory systems, manifestations of multiple organs have been observed. A great concern was raised about whether COVID‐19 may affect male reproductive functions. In this study, we collected semen specimens from 12 male COVID‐19 patients for virus detection and semen characteristics analysis. No SARS‐CoV‐2 was found in semen specimens. Eight out of 12 patients had normal semen quality. We also compared the sex‐related hormone levels between 119 reproductive‐aged men with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and 273 age‐matched control men. A higher serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and a lower ratio of testosterone (T) to LH were observed in the COVID‐19 group. Multiple regression analysis indicated that serum T: LH ratio was negatively associated with white blood cell counts and C‐reactive protein levels in COVID‐19 patients. It's the first report about semen assessment and sex‐hormone evaluation in reproductive‐aged male COVID‐19 patients. Although further study is needed to clarify the reasons and underlying mechanisms, our study presents an abnormal sex hormone secretion among COVID‐19 patients, suggesting that attention should be paid to reproductive function evaluation in the follow‐up.
Lopinavir/ritonavir is associated with pneumonia resolution in COVID‐19 patients with influenza coinfection: A retrospective matched‐pair cohort study
Authors: Yu Chong , Zhang Zhiguo , Guo Yujiao , Shi Jing , Pei Guangchang , Yao Ying , Liao Wenhui , Zeng Rui 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDuring the early stages of the pandemic, some coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) patients were misdiagnosed as having influenza, which aroused the concern that some deaths attributed to influenza were actually COVID‐19‐related. However, little is known about whether coinfection with influenza contributes to severity of COVID‐19 pneumonia, and the optimal therapeutic strategy for these patients. We retrospectively studied 128 hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 pneumonia. All patients were positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 positive by nucleic acid detection. Sixty‐four cases were coinfected with influenza A/B and the other 64 were influenza negative, matched by age, sex, and days from onset of symptoms. Among the 64 coinfected patients, 54 (84.4%) were coinfected with influenza A, and 10 (15.6%) with influenza B. The median duration of viral shedding time from admission was longer for patients with influenza coinfection (17.0 days) than for those without influenza coinfection (12.0 days) (P < .001). The multivariable Cox proportional hazards model showed that the hazards ratio of resolution in lung involvement was 1.878 (P = .020) for patients administered lopinavir/ritonavir, compared with those not administered lopinavir/ritonavir (95% confidence interval: 1.103‐3.196). Among influenza coinfected patients, those treated with lopinavir/ritonavir exhibited faster pneumonia resolution within 2 weeks after symptom onset (37% vs 1%; P = .001). There was no difference in lung involvement between influenza coinfected and noninfected groups. Lopinavir/ritonavir eliminated the difference of lung involvement between influenza coinfected and noninfected groups, indicating that lopinavir/ritonavir is associated with pneumonia resolution in COVID‐19.
Chronic intermittent ethanol and lipopolysaccharide exposure differentially alter Iba1‐derived microglia morphology in the prelimbic cortex and nucleus accumbens core of male Long‐Evans rats
Authors: Siemsen Benjamin M. , Landin Justine D. , McFaddin Jon A. , Hooker Kaylee N. , Chandler Lawrence J. , Scofield Michael D. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAccumulating evidence has linked pathological changes associated with chronic alcohol exposure to neuroimmune signaling mediated by microglia. Prior characterization of the microglial structure–function relationship demonstrates that alterations in activity states occur concomitantly with reorganization of cellular architecture. Accordingly, gaining a better understanding of microglial morphological changes associated with ethanol exposure will provide valuable insight into how neuroimmune signaling may contribute to ethanol‐induced reshaping of neuronal function. Here we have used Iba1‐staining combined with high‐resolution confocal imaging and 3D reconstruction to examine microglial structure in the prelimbic (PL) cortex and nucleus accumbens (NAc) in male Long‐Evans rats. Rats were either sacrificed at peak withdrawal following 15 days of exposure to chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) or 24 hr after two consecutive injections of the immune activator lipopolysaccharide (LPS), each separated by 24 hr. LPS exposure resulted in dramatic structural reorganization of microglia in the PL cortex, including increased soma volume, overall cellular volume, and branching complexity. In comparison, CIE exposure was associated with a subtle increase in somatic volume and differential effects on microglia processes, which were largely absent in the NAc. These data reveal that microglial activation following a neuroimmune challenge with LPS or exposure to chronic alcohol exhibits distinct morphometric profiles and brain region‐dependent specificity.
Hekla 1947, 1845, 1510 and 1158 tephra in Finland: challenges of tracing tephra from moderate eruptions
Authors: Kalliokoski Maarit , Guðmundsdóttir Esther Ruth , Wastegård Stefan 
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTSeveral cryptotephra layers that originate from Icelandic volcanic eruptions with a volcanic explosivity index (VEI) of ≤ 4 and tephra volumes of < 1 km3 have previously been identified in Northern Europe, albeit within a restricted geographical area. One of these is the Hekla 1947 tephra that formed a visible fall‐out in southern Finland. We searched for the Hekla 1947 tephra from peat archives within the previously inferred fall‐out zone but found no evidence of its presence. Instead, we report the first identification of Hekla 1845 and Hekla 1510 cryptotephra layers outside of Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Ireland and the UK. Additionally, Hekla 1158 tephra was found in Finland for the first time. Our results confirm that Icelandic eruptions of moderate size can form cryptotephra deposits that are extensive enough to be used in inter‐regional correlations of environmental archives and carry a great potential for refining regional tephrochronological frameworks. Our results also reveal that Icelandic tephra has been dispersed into Finnish airspace at least seven times during the past millennium and in addition to a direct eastward route the ash clouds can travel either via a northerly or a southerly transport pathway.
Eosinophilic Sialodochitis: A Type of Chronic Obstructive Sialadenitis Related to Allergy
Authors: Zhu Wen‐Xuan , Chen Yan , Liu Deng‐Gao , Yu Guang‐Yan 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate the clinical, laboratory, radiological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical features, and the expression of allergy‐related cytokines in eosinophilic sialodochitis (ES).MethodsThirty‐eight patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive sialadenitis (COS) who had undergone glandular excision or incisional biopsy were enrolled. Seventeen patients with comorbid atopic disease and increased ductal tissue eosinophils comprised the ES group, while 21 patients comprised the COS group. The clinicopathological features and allergy‐related cytokine expression were compared between groups.ResultsThe ES group frequently involved multiple, bilateral major salivary glands, and the number of glands was significantly greater than the COS group (2.8 ± 1.1 vs. 1.2 ± 0.4, P < .001). Serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E was elevated in 91% of patients in ES group (419 ± 357 kU/L) and peripheral blood eosinophil was significantly greater compared with the COS group (7.6% ± 4.6% vs. 2.5% ± 1.4%, P < .001). Histologically, eosinophil infiltration in ES group was observed around the main and interlobular ducts (50 ± 39/high power field [HPF]). Follicular hyperplasia (76%), epithelial mucous metaplasia (82%), and mucus plugs with eosinophils (41%) were observed. IgE‐positive cell count was 20.7 ± 18.3/HPF and tryptase‐positive mast cell count was 23.5 ± 15.1/HPF, which was significantly greater than the respective cell counts in COS group, which mainly infiltrated around the ducts. The levels of interleukin‐4, interleukin‐13, and eotaxin in tissue were significantly greater in ES than the COS group.ConclusionsThe clinicopathological characteristics of ES are significantly different from COS and ES might have an allergy‐related pathogenesis.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 131:E800–E806, 2021
Esophageal Dysmotility is Common in Patients With Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Ueha Rumi , Sato Taku , Goto Takao , Yamauchi Akihito , Nativ‐Zeltzer Nogah , Mitsui Jun , Belafsky Peter C. , Yamasoba Tatsuya 
Published: July 2020

ObjectivesEsophageal dysmotility (ED) in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) are poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of ED in patients with MSA and to assess the relationship of esophageal abnormalities with other clinical findings and characteristics in these patients.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted to identify patients with MSA and to compare them to the elderly controls without MSA (65+ years) who underwent a videofluorographic esophagram from 2014 to 2019. Disease type, disease severity, vocal fold mobility impairment, abnormal deglutitive proximal esophageal contraction (ADPEC), and intra‐esophageal stasis (IES) were reviewed and compared between groups.ResultsThirty‐seven patients with MSA were identified. The median age was 63 and 26 (70%) were male. These patients were matched to 22 elderly adults with presbylarynx but not MSA (median age 77, 68% male). In MSA patients, cerebellar variant type was predominant (59%), and ADPEC was recognized in 18 patients (49%). Disease severity level (P = 0.028) and existence of IES (P = 0.046) were associated with higher risks of developing ADPEC. The prevalence of IES was significantly higher in patients with MSA (95%) compared to controls without MSA (46%) (P < 0.001). Disease severity level and the existence of IES were significantly associated with the presence of ADPEC (p < 0.05).ConclusionADPEC and IES were significantly more common in MSA than in elderly subjects without MSA. MSA severity is associated with the development of ADPEC. The data suggest that esophageal motility is predominantly affected in MSA.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 131:832–838, 2021