bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dielectric properties and microwave heating behavior of neutral leaching residues from zinc metallurgy in the microwave field
Authors: Luo Yongguang , Liao Tianqi , Yu Xia , Li Jing , Zhang Libo , Xi Yunhao 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe method of microwave strengthens roasting neutral leaching slag contained germanium is put forward. The dielectric properties and temperature rising behavior of neutral leaching slag in the microwave field are analyzed via experimental and theoretical analysis. The experiment used the dielectric constant test device, the microwave roasting device and the temperature measuring device. The neutral leaching slag can absorb microwave energy and transform into heat energy. The specific surface area of the calcined slag containing the neutral leaching slag is increased by microwave roasting, and the microwave energy can reduce the particle size of the mineral particles to some extent. At the same time, cracks can be seen on the surface of the calcined sand after microwave roasting. The surface of neutral leaching slag roasted by microwave reformed cracks which help to open reaction channels making the oxygen to inside takes part in oxidizing reaction significantly improving germanium oxide reaction conditions, besides increasing the leaching process of the reaction area and increasing the leaching rate. The research on the dielectric constants and temperature characteristics of neutral leaching residue can provide the theoretical and experimental basis for microwave strengthen roasting.
Evaluation of the hygroscopicity and dimensional stability of silicone oil treated wood
Authors: He Zhengbin , Qu Lijie , Wang Zhenyu , Qian Jing , Yi Songlin 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Wood is a renewable natural lignocellulosic material. However, its hygroexpansion characteristics dramatically shorten its service life, and limit its application. In this study, wood was treated in a silicone oil bath at different temperatures to improve its dimensional stability. Results demonstrated that the silicone oil treatment decreased the tangential swelling coefficient by 13% when treated at 80 °C and by 34% when treated at 160 °C and the radial swelling coefficient by 12% when treated at 80 °C and by 49% when treated at 160 °C. Also, the moisture absorption was reduced by the treatment.
Direct bioautography for the screening of selected tropical wood extracts against basidiomycetes
Authors: Wanschura Regina , Baumgartner Matthias , Linder Claudia U. , Windeisen Elisabeth , Benz J. Philipp , Richter Klaus 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
To understand the reasons for the high durability of tropical wood species, the chemistry of the extractives needs to be elucidated. As these extractives consist of a great variety of components differing in quantity and composition, the analysis is often time-consuming. To focus on the key bioactive substances, bioassay-guided fractionation is helpful, but the established bioassay methods cannot be readily adapted to basidiomycete fungi that are commonly used for the respective durability tests, because they do not sporulate easily in laboratory settings. The research therefore aims at developing a direct bioautography using homogenized hyphae from basidiomycetes, to overcome this restriction. Extracts from four tropical wood species were analyzed regarding their potential bioactivity on two selected basidiomycete fungi. To this end, the chemically complex mixtures and extract constituents were resolved by a two-dimensional planar chromatography and the metabolites were located by characteristic zones of fungal growth inhibition, which was accentuated by a color reaction. The bioactive fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Potentially responsible compounds could be identified, such as the alkaloid bicuculline from Mezilaurus itauba, which has not been described in this species yet. The presented bioassay method can be used as a rapid screening method for bioactive components from wood.
Brownian Motion on Cantor Sets
Authors: Khalili Golmankhaneh Ali , Ashrafi Saleh , Baleanu Dumitru , Fernandez Arran 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn this paper, we have investigated the Langevin and Brownian equations on fractal time sets usingFα-calculus and shown that the mean square displacement is not varied linearly with time. We have also generalized the classical method of deriving the Fokker–Planck equation in order to obtain the Fokker–Planck equation on fractal time sets.
Urate crystals trigger B-cell receptor signal transduction and induce B-cell proliferation
Authors: Eleftheriadis Theodoros , Pissas Georgios , Antoniadi Georgia , Filippidis Georgios , Liakopoulos Vassilios , Stefanidis Ioannis 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Urate in its crystal form is a known danger-associated molecular pattern, which after its internalization activates cells of the innate immune system. However, by inducing lipid raft sequestration and clustering of membrane-bound proteins with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs, urate crystals can also activate cells of the innate immune system without previous internalization. Also, urate crystals trigger T-cell receptor signal transduction and induce T-cell proliferation. In this study, we evaluated whether urate crystals can also initiate B-cell receptor (BCR) signal transduction and promote B-cell proliferation.

Methods
B cells were isolated from the blood of 10 individuals and cultured with or without urate at a concentration of 10 mg/dL, at which crystallization occurs. Phosphorylated Igα (CD79A) and c-Myc were assessed by Western blotting and B-cell proliferation with BrdU assay.

Results
Urate increased the level of phosphorylated Igα, a component of the BCR complex. Phosphorylation of Igα is the very proximal event in BCR signal transduction. Also, urate increased the expression of c-Myc, an essential transcription factor for BCR-induced B-cell proliferation. Finally, urate induces B-cell proliferation.

Conclusions
Urate crystals trigger BCR signal transduction and induce B-cell proliferation. The clinical significance of urate-induced B-cell activation remains to be elucidated.
Impact of educational preeclampsia prevention booklet on knowledge and adherence to low dose aspirin among pregnant women with high risk for preeclampsia
Authors: Karunia Rella Indah , Purnamayanti Anita , Prasetyadi Fransiscus O.H. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Postpartum bleeding and pregnancy induced hypertension – including preeclampsia – remain to be a great cause of maternal mortality. The use of aspirin for preventing preeclampsia has been practiced recently by fetomaternal specialists in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the impact of education using an aspirin booklet provided by pharmacists on knowledge and adherence in taking aspirin among pregnant women with high risk for preeclampsia.

Methods
This was one group of pretest-posttest study. We enrolled all pregnant women with high risk for preeclampsia screened at 11+0–13+6 weeks’ gestation at Fetomaternal Clinic, Dr. Ramelan Naval Hospital, Surabaya. All subjects prescribed with low-dose aspirin (100 mg) for preeclampsia prevention received oral and written education using the aspirin booklet and had been followed up for 2 months. Knowledge about aspirin for preeclampsia prevention was measured by a validated questionnaire developed for this study. Adherence to aspirin was measured by pill count method.

Results
A total of 12 pregnant women with high risk for preeclampsia were included during the study period. This study showed a statistically significant difference on knowledge of preeclampsia prevention before and after receiving oral and written education using aspirin booklet (p-value = 0.020), as well as aspirin adherence (p-value = 0.011).

Conclusion
The use of oral education and written aspirin booklet provided by pharmacists had impact on knowledge of preeclampsia prevention and adherence in taking aspirin among pregnant women with high risk for preeclampsia. We recommend to conduct randomized control study of adequate number of subjects.
Exploration of barriers affecting job satisfaction among community pharmacists
Authors: Rijaluddin Muhammad Khalid , Utami Wahyu , Othman Zulhabri , Puspitasari Hanni Prihhastuti , Rahem Abdul , Sukorini Anila Impian , Hermansyah Andi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Understanding job satisfaction among community pharmacists is important as it may affect roles and performance. Several barriers in practice may affect job satisfaction.

Objectives
To explore barriers affecting job satisfaction among Indonesian community pharmacists.

Methods
This study reported data from the Nationwide Community Pharmacy Survey 2018. The results specific to participants in the East Java region were used for this study. Community pharmacists (507) participated in the survey between September 2018 and March 2019. The survey used questionnaire that asked 22 factors, which may act as barriers affecting job satisfaction. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results
The majority of respondents were female (83.43%), and most respondents were aged 31–40 years (41.63%). Most respondents perceived nine barriers such as lack of time for interaction and lack of recognition that were dominant affecting job satisfaction. On the other hand, respondents were not in major agreement perceiving the remaining barriers as dominant affecting job satisfaction. More than half of the respondents disagreed that the remaining barriers were significant affecting job satisfaction.

Conclusions
This study identified some significant barriers affecting job satisfaction among community pharmacists. In general, barriers can arise from individual, management, and environmental issues suggesting a specific approach to reduce these barriers.
Evaluation to the chemotherapy use in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Dirani Dirani , Suharjono  , Sedana Made , Wahyuni Siti , Ardianto Chrismawan , Alderman Chris 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a large group of primary malignancies of solid lymphoid tissue. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of NHL. DLBCL has an aggressive natural history but responds well to chemotherapy. The objective of this study was to review the use of chemotherapy, identify its side effects, and examine the response to chemotherapy in patients with NHL at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital.

Methods
This study was a retrospective observational study using secondary data obtained from patients’ medical records from 2016 to 2018. Demographic data (age, sex), clinical characteristics, chemotherapy regimens, side effects of chemotherapy, and response to chemotherapy were recorded.

Results
Results revealed that of the 43 patients (age ranged from 21 to 80 years) who were included in this study, the prevalence of DLBCL was higher in male patients (74%) and about 44% patients were at stage III. R-CHOP (rituximab-cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine/oncovin, prednisone) (53%) was the most used chemotherapy regimen in this study. A total of 65% of patients showed good responses and 35% showed no response to the therapy. The most common side effect was myelosuppression, including 25% and 8% of the patients having anemia and leukopenia, respectively.

Conclusions
R-CHOP is the most used regimen. Most of patients with NHL have a complete response and the predominant side effect is anemia.
Common Law Codification: Lessons and Warnings from Twenty-First Century Australia
Authors: Lunney Mark 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCodification of tort law is a rare phenomenon in the common law world. However, building on earlier precedents, in the early 2000s, Australian jurisdictions embarked on a project of placing important general principles of negligence law into legislation. This article considers these provisions and argues that they can be considered as an attempt to codify certain parts of the law of tort. Both the process by which this codification took place, and the contents of the ‘codes’, provide interesting comparative material for civilian jurisdictions with codified tort law as well as for common law systems.
Optimal mathematical and statistical models to estimate vertical crustal movements using satellite altimetry and tide gauge data
Authors: Iz H. Bâki , Yang T. Y. , Shum C. K. , Kuo C. Y. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractKnowledge of vertical crustal movement is fundamental to quantify absolute sea level changes at tide gauge locations as well as for satellite altimetry calibration validations. While GPS measurements at collocated tide gauge stations fulfill this need, currently only few hundred tide gauge stations are equipped with GPS, and their measurements do not span a long period of time. In the past, several studies addressed this problem by calculating relative and geocentric trends from the tide gauge and satellite altimetry measurements respectively, and then difference the two trends to calculate the rate of changes at the tide gauge stations. However, this approach is suboptimal. This study offers an optimal statistical protocol based on themethod of condition equations with unknown parameters. An example solution demonstrates the proposed mathematical and statistical models’ optimality in estimating vertical crustal movement and its standard error by comparing them with the results of current methods. The proposed model accounts for the effect of autocorrelations in observed tide gauge and satellite altimetry sea level time series, adjusts observed corrections such as inverted barometer effects, and constraints tide gauge and satellite altimeter measurement to close. The new model can accommodate estimating other systematic effects such as pole tides that are not eliminated by differencing.
Presentation of 14 alkaptonuria patients from Turkey
Authors: Akbaba Alper Ilker , Ozgül Rıza Köksal , Dursun Ali 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Alkaptonuria (OMIM: 203500) is an inborn error of metabolism due to homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase homogentisic acid 1,2 dioxygenase (HGD) enzyme deficiency. Due to the enzyme deficiency, homogentisic acid cannot be converted to maleylacetoacetate and it accumulates in body fluids. Increased homogentisic acid is converted to benzoquinones, the resulting benzoquinones are converted to melanin-like pigments, and these pigments are deposited in collagen – this process is called ochronosis. In patients with alkaptonuria, the urine is darkened, which is misinterpreted as hematuria, the incidences of renal stones, arthritis and cardiac valve calcification are increased, and spontaneous tendon ruptures, prostatitis and prostate stones can be encountered. The present study aimed to evaluate the HGD gene mutations in 14 patients with alkaptonuria.

Methods
Fourteen patients diagnosed with alkaptonuria and followed up from 1990 to 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. Their demographic, clinical and treatment-related data were retrieved from hospital files. For mutation analysis, genomic DNAs of the patients were isolated from their peripheral blood samples. Variations in the HGD gene were scanned on the HGD-mutation database (http://hgddatabase.cvtisr.sk).

Results
Among 14 patients, the female/male ratio was 1/1 and the median age was 9 years (range, 6–59 years). All patients were symptomatic at their first visit and the most common symptom was dark urine (71%) followed by arthralgia. Independent of the urinary homogentisic acid concentrations, patients with the presenting symptom of arthralgia were elder. Nine different mutations including p.Ser59AlafsX52, p.Gly161Arg, p.Asn219Ser, p.Gly251Asp, p.Pro274Leu, p.Arg330Ser, p.Gly372Ala, c.656_657insAATCAA and a novel mutation of p.Val316Ile were detected. All of the pediatric-age patients (n = 13) were treated with ascorbic acid at a dose of 250–1000 mg/day.

Conclusions
Nine different HGD gene mutations with a novel one, p.Val316Ile, were detected. The most common mutation was p.Ser59AlafsX52 for the HGD gene followed by p.Gly161Arg and p.asn219Ser, which can be considered specific to the Turkish population.
Familial hypophosphatemic rickets caused by a PHEX gene mutation accompanied by a
NPR2
missense mutation
Authors: Zhao Yongting , Yang Fan , Wang Lihong , Che Hui 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Familial hypophosphatemic rickets, which is usually acknowledged as X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH), is a rare hereditary disease. XLH caused by mutations in the PHEX gene often manifests as growth retardation, skeletal deformities, osteodynia and dental dysplasia. NPR2 mutations are reported to cause disproportionate short stature. Our study was designed to identify the gene mutations of three patients in one family.

Case description
A 40-year-old Chinese male visited the hospital for continuous osteodynia and presented with bilateral leg bowing, absent teeth and a progressive limp. The age of onset was approximately 2 years old. His 63-year-old mother and 42-year-old brother both shared identical symptoms with him. The laboratory tests were consistent with XLH, which showed decreased levels of blood phosphorus and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 as well as increased urinary phosphorus excretion. Mutation analysis revealed that the proband as well as his mother and his brother all had a PHEX mutation in exon 14 (c.1543C > T), and the proband also had a NPR2 mutation in exon 21 (c.3058C > T).

Conclusions
We report the familial hypophosphatemic rickets of three patients in a Chinese family caused by a PHEX gene mutation in exon 14 (c.1543C > T), which had never been reported in Chinese patients. We first report an XLH case together with a NPR2 mutation that had never been reported before.
Amniotic fluid concentrations of soluble endoglin and endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 in pregnancies complicated with neural tube defects
Authors: Ovayolu Ali , Ovayolu Gamze , Yuce Tuncay , Ozek Murat Aykut , Dogan Ilkay , Bostancieri Nuray 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Objective
To determine the concentrations of soluble endoglin (sCD105) and endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 (ESM-1) in the amniotic fluid (AF) of pregnant women, and to investigate the relationship between these concentrations and neural tube defects (NTDs).

Methods
AF concentrations of sCD105 and ESM-1 were measured in the study group, which included 60 pregnant women complicated with NTDs, and 64 pregnant women with unaffected healthy fetuses (control group). The AF concentrations of sCD105 and ESM-1 in both groups were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared.

Results
There were no significant differences in terms of the mean AF concentrations of sCD105 and ESM-1 between the groups (P=0.141, P=0.084, respectively). There was a significant difference between the AF sCD105 concentrations in those with gestational age <24 weeks (n=101) and ≥24 weeks (n=23) (X̅<24=76.35±126.62 vs. X
≥
24=39.87±58.32, P=0.041). AF ESM-1 concentrations were found to be statistically significant in the gestational age <22 weeks (n=90) and ≥22 weeks (n=34) groups (X̅
<22=135.91±19.26 vs. X̅
≥22=148.56±46.85, P=0.035). A positive and low-level relation at a statistically significant level was determined between the gestational age and AF ESM-1 concentration in the study group (r=0.257; P=0.048).

Conclusion
AF concentrations of sCD105 and ESM-1 were not associated with the development of NTDs. Unlike studies that reported that ESM-1 concentrations decreased in maternal plasma with increased gestational age, we determined an increase that was proportionate to gestational age in AF.
Microbial burden and inflammasome activation in amniotic fluid of patients with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes
Authors: Theis Kevin R. , Romero Roberto , Motomura Kenichiro , Galaz Jose , Winters Andrew D. , Pacora Percy , Miller Derek , Slutsky Rebecca , Florova Violetta , Levenson Dustyn , Para Robert , Varrey Aneesha , Kacerovsky Marian , Hsu Chaur-Dong , Gomez-Lopez Nardhy 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Background
Intra-amniotic inflammation, which is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, can occur in the presence or absence of detectable microorganisms, and involves activation of the inflammasome. Intra-amniotic inflammasome activation has been reported in clinical chorioamnionitis at term and preterm labor with intact membranes, but it has not yet been investigated in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (preterm PROM) in the presence/absence of detectable microorganisms. The aim of this study was to determine whether, among women with preterm PROM, there is an association between detectable microorganisms in amniotic fluid and intra-amniotic inflammation, and whether intra-amniotic inflammasome activation correlates with microbial burden.

Methods
Amniotic fluids from 59 cases of preterm PROM were examined for the presence/absence of microorganisms through culture and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and ASC [apoptosis-associated spec-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (CARD)], an indicator of inflammasome activation, were determined.

Results
qPCR identified more microbe-positive amniotic fluids than culture. Greater than 50% of patients with a negative culture and high IL-6 concentration in amniotic fluid yielded a positive qPCR signal. ASC concentrations were greatest in patients with high qPCR signals and elevated IL-6 concentrations in amniotic fluid (i.e. intra-amniotic infection). ASC concentrations tended to increase in patients without detectable microorganisms but yet with elevated IL-6 concentrations (i.e. sterile intra-amniotic inflammation) compared to those without intra-amniotic inflammation.

Conclusion
qPCR is a valuable complement to microbiological culture for the detection of microorganisms in the amniotic cavity in women with preterm PROM, and microbial burden is associated with the severity of intra-amniotic inflammatory response, including inflammasome activation.
Some remarks on divisible polyhedral MV-algebras
Authors: Lapenta Serafina 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBuilding on similar notions for MV-algebras, polyhedral DMV-algebras are defined and investigated. For such algebras dualities with suitable categories of polyhedra are established, and the relation with finitely presented Riesz MV-algebras is investigated. Via hull-functors, finite products are interpreted in terms of hom-functors, and categories of polyhedral MV-algebras, polyhedral DMV-algebras and finitely presented Riesz MV-algebras are linked together. Moreover, the amalgamation property is proved for finitely presented DMV-algebras and Riesz MV-algebras, and for polyhedral DMV-algebras.
On the oscillatory behavior of third order differential equations with a sublinear neutral term
Authors: Thandapani E. , El-Sheikh M. M. A. , Sallam R. , Salem S. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractA class of third order differential equations with a sublinear neutral term of the type$$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle \left( a(t)\left( b(t)\left[ x(t)+p(t)x^{\alpha }(\tau (t))\right] ^{\prime }\right) ^{\prime }\right) ^{\prime }+q(t)x^{\gamma }(\sigma (t))=0 \end{array}$$is considered. Some oscillation criteria are presented to improve and complement those in the literature. Several examples are established to illustrate the main results.