bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Adoption and Diffusion of a Telemonitoring Solution in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Qualitative Study
Authors: Khalil Carine 
Published: October 2019

Background
Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) require regular follow-ups and overall management to normalize maternal blood glucose and improve pregnancy outcomes. With the advancements made in the digital field, telemedicine is gaining popularity over traditional health care approaches in different medical fields. As for GDM, telemonitoring solutions seem to improve women’s quality of life and enhance self-management.

Objective
The aim of this study is to understand, from patients’ and health care professionals’ (HCPs) perspectives, what drives the adoption and diffusion of a telemonitoring solution (myDiabby) in a context where telemonitoring activities are still not compensated like traditional follow-ups.

Methods
The study was conducted in 12 diabetes services in France using myDiabby for monitoring and managing patients with GDM. A qualitative research approach was adopted for collecting and analyzing data. A total of 20 semistructured interviews were conducted with HCPs working in different health structures in France, and 15 semistructured interviews were conducted with patients who had been using myDiabby. Data were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach.

Results
Different determinants need to be taken into consideration when adopting an innovative health technology. By drawing on the diffusion of innovation theory, a set of factors associated with the technology (the relative advantages, compatibility, ease of use, testability, and observability of the telemedicine platform) has been identified as affecting the adoption and diffusion of telemonitoring solutions in French diabetes services. In addition, data analysis shows a set of environmental factors (the demographic situation of HCPs, the health care access in rural communities, and the economic and political context in France) that also influences the spread and adoption of telemonitoring systems in French hospitals.

Conclusions
Even though telemonitoring activities are still not remunerated as traditional follow-ups, many French HCPs support and encourage the adoption of telemonitoring systems in GDM. As for patients, telemonitoring systems are perceived as a useful and easy way to monitor their GDM. This study contributes to recognizing the value of telemonitoring interventions in managing GDM and considering the expansion of telemonitoring to other chronic conditions.
ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIBIOFILM ACTIVITIES OF TRANS-CINNAMALDEHYDE NANOEMULSION AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI
Authors: L RAJ UTKRISHTA , GAUTAM MEGHA , DANG SHWETA , GABRANI REEMA 
Published: October 2019

Objective: Trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC) has shown antimicrobial activity against various microorganisms, but its direct use has some disadvantages such as skin irritation, low bioavailability, and low solubility. The objective of the present work was to develop the oil-in-water nanoemulsions (NEs) of TC to enhance its antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli.
Methods: The NEs of TC were prepared using triton x-100 and isopropyl alcohol as surfactant and cosurfactant. The developed NE was studied for size, zeta potential, and stability. NEs were evaluated for antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity against E. coli as indicator organism. NEs possible mode of action on E. coli was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Results: Stable NEs of TC exhibited a particle size of 210 nm and were able to inhibit the growth of planktonic as well as biofilm cultures of E. coli at 67 μg/ml. The ruthenium red staining indicated the inhibition of glycoprotein layer formation in extracellular matrix after treating with NE. TC-NE exhibited substantial decrease in E. coli growth as well as its viability at its minimum inhibitory concentration as determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The mode of action of cinnamaldehyde through β-galactosidase assay on E. coli ML-35p strain indicated that it altered the bacterial cell membrane permeability. SEM results showed the presence of holes on the cell wall of the E. coli in the presence of TC-NE.
Conclusions: TC-NEs exhibited enhanced antimicrobial activity and were effective against E. coli biofilm. They also exhibited microbicidal activity and altered E. coli membrane permeability.
ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES OF PTEROSPERMUM RUBIGINOSUM HEYNE EX WIGHT AND ARN AND PTEROSPERMUM RETICULATUM WIGHT AND ARN (STERCULIACEAE): AN IN VITRO COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: JACOB JENSON , K SREEJITH 
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Plants from the family Sterculiaceae are used as folk medicine for treating various diseases in India. This study aims to determine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Pterospermum rubiginosum and Pterospermum reticulatum of the family Sterculiaceae. The barks of P. rubiginosum and P. reticulatum are used in traditional medicine especially in the treatment of wounds, sprains, bone fracture, etc. This study, we compare the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of the stem bark of these two plants.
Methods: The free radical scavenging assays such as 2,2–diphenyl,1–picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’–azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide radical, phosphormolybdenum assay, and reducing power assay are used for the measurement of antioxidant potentials. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts are evaluated by means of lipoxygenase (LOX) and protease inhibition.
Results: Both P. rubiginosum and P. reticulatum scavenge DPPH (70.10% and 91.02%), ABTS (94.48 and 98.19%), hydroxy (76.02 and 87.67%), and nitric oxide (87.02 and 80.84%) radicals. Phosphomolybdenum assay and reducing power assay, used for the measurement of antioxidant potentials also showed good results. Regarding the anti-inflammatory potential, the methanolic extract of the plants shows anti-protease activity (51.29 and 64.93%) and anti-LOX activity (56%) while P. rubiginosum does not exhibit anti-LOX activity.
Conclusion: The above results demonstrate that the plants P. rubiginosum and P. reticulatum are rich source of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds and it is the first report on theantioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the barks of these plants.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF NON-POLAR CHEMICAL ENTITY FROM LEPTADENIA RETICULATA AERIAL PARTS
Authors: DHALANI JAYESH , NARIYA PANKAJ 
Published: October 2019

Objective: Leptadenia reticulata is the medicinal plant having many biological activities. It is necessary to find out which types of phytochemical constituents are present in the plant. The objective of this investigation was to isolate and identify the non-polar chemical entity of the areal parts of L. reticulata a plant used for medicinal purpose in folklore.
Methods: Petroleum ether extract of the stem bark was used for this study. Non-polar solvent was used to extract non-polar chemical entity from areal parts of leptadeniareticulata. Through the saponification process, saponifiable and unsaponifiable matter was separated. Phytochemical constituents were separated using column chromatography. Separated fractions were analyzed on gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR).
Results: Hentriacontane compound was isolated and confirmed from GC-MS and NMR whereas phytol, Lupeol, β-amyrin, Campesterol, Stigmasterol, gamma-sitosterol identified through GC and mass spectroscopy.
Conclusion: The present study showed that L. reticulata areal parts three sterols chemical entity Campesterol, Stigmasterol, gamma-sitosterol and phytol (diterpene alcohol), lupeol (triterpenoid), beta-amyrin (triterpene), and hentriacontane (alkane hydrocarbon). Core determination of the experiment was the development efficient method to isolate or identify the non-polar chemical entity through chromatographic technique.
ENDOCRINOLOGICAL ROLE OF LEPTIN IN OBESITY AND ASTHMA
Authors: K SONI ARUN , B PITHADIA ANAND , S DESHPANDE SHRIKALP , N SUHAGIA BHANUBHAI 
Published: October 2019

Objective: Role of leptin resistance in correlation between obesity and asthma.
Methods: High-caloric diet was given for 8 weeks to induce obesity. Ovalbumin followed by aluminum hydroxide was given to induce asthma. The animal was treated with leptin analog (0.4 mg/kg, i.p. for 7 days) and leptin antagonist (3 mg/kg, p.o., for 7 days). Biochemical parameters such as serum leptin, ghrelin, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and physical parameters such as tidal volume and airflow rate were estimated to confirm the state of asthma and obesity, respectively.
Results: It was found that leptin and ghrelin were elevated in obese and obese asthmatic condition, responsible for leptin resistance. Treatment with leptin analog and leptin antagonist significantly increases and decreases serum leptin levels, respectively. There was no significant change in TNF-α and ghrelin level after leptin analog treatment. The result of respiratory parameters improved with leptin analog. From our study, we found beneficial role of leptin analog in obese asthmatic condition.
Conclusion: Leptin is an alternative treatment approach to treat obese asthmatic condition.
CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF PEPTIDE FUNCTIONALIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED FROM ALOIN ON BREAST CANCER CELL LINE
Authors: ROSE A LEEMA , S VIDHYA , PRIYA F JANEETA , ASHIFA J SABEENA 
Published: October 2019

Objective: The aim of the present study is to synthesize the silver (Ag) nanoparticle using Aloin with a focus on its antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activity.
Methods: The silver nanoparticles were synthesized using Aloin and were determined by UV-Visible spectrum. It was further characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), zeta potential, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The Fourier transform infrared analysis was also carried out for the Aloin.
Results: The UV-Visible absorption spectrum of the synthesized silver nanoparticles has shown the absorption peak at 439nm which proves the formation of silver nanoparticles in the solution. The SEM analysis revealed that the Ag nanoparticles were spherical in shape. The IR spectra showed that there are 6 functional groups are present in Aloin extract. The synthesized nanoparticles are found to be highly stable with an average particle size of 130.7nm which was confirmed by zeta potential and DLS analysis. The synthesized nanoparticles had a good antibacterial and antioxidant activity. It shows a very good cytotoxic effect against breast cancer cell line.
Conclusion: The present study suggests that the synthesis route is free from the requirements such as high energy, extended preparation time, and special equipments and thus can be used for large-scale synthesis in food industries for food preservation and these Ag nanoparticles can be used for its therapeutic purposes for developing a new drug against cancer.
EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF VILAZODONE HYDROCHLORIDE WITH 5-FLUOROURACIL IN HT-29 BOWEL CANCER CELL LINE
Authors: PRIYA A LATHA , D ANUSHA , CHELLATHAI K DARLING , A HEMALATHA , MOHAN Y JEGAN 
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Vilazodone hydrochloride is a novel selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used to treat major depressive disorders. There are only sparse data available to know about the SSRI’s and its association with colon cancer. This study aims to evaluate and compare the in vitro cytotoxic effect of vilazodone with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in HT-29 cell line.
Methods: Cell viability was tested by the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay (Mosmann, 1983). Test sample and standard drug in variable concentrations were added to the HT-29 cell lines for incubation over 24 h under ideal conditions. After washing the test and standard drug sample from the well with saline, MTT was added and incubated for 4 h. Dimethyl sulfoxide of 1 ml was added in all wells after incubation with MTT. The absorbance at 570 nm was measured with an ultraviolet - spectrophotometer.
Results: The values were tabulated, and the graph was plotted to find the IC-50 value (inhibitory concentration at 50%) which was struck at 28.5 μg/ml and12. 8 μg/ml for vilazodone hydrochloride and 5-FU, respectively.
Conclusion: The results show that vilazodone hydrochloride has good anticancer property comparable with 5-FU, which would probably play a role as a cytotoxic agent in tumor cells. The proposed mechanism of action could be by activation of caspase-3 enzyme, thereby increasing apoptosis and indicates its use in coexisting depression and colon carcinoma. Other mechanism includes suppression of oncogene p53, which can be confirmed by future studies.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIOCOMPATIBLE POLYHYDROXY BUTYRATE IMPREGNATED WITH HERBAL PLANTS AGAINST WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY ON IN VIVO ANIMAL MODEL
Authors: R RAM NARENDRAN , BEGUM SF MALEEKA , S RUBAVATHI 
Published: October 2019

Objective: The current study is to evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and in vitro cytotoxicity activities of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and to develop the herbal impregnated PHB cast film for wound healing activities using Albino Wistar rat model.
Methods: PHB produced by Azotobacter chroococcum A3 strain was synthesized and characterized (previous study). The PHB was subjected to various biocompatibility studies such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory studies. The PHB was also subjected to cytotoxicity study by (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. PHB films were made using different combinations of plant and algal blends (herbal blends). The herbal blends of PHB films were evaluated for in vivo wound healing activity using Albino Wistar rats.
Results: The turmeric impregnated PHB showed the highest result for antimicrobial with 27.25±0.23 mm against skin pathogens and antioxidant activity with the highest percentage of inhibition of 76%. The result predicts that PHB will not let to any toxic substances rather it acts as a chemoprotective agent followed by the inhibitory concentration value was found to be 1.56 μg/ml for 100 μg. The in vivo study showed better wound healing activity for PHB blended with 2% turmeric leaf and rhizome cast film. Whereas the wound healing activity of control and crude PHB was 90.4±0.4 and 91.3±0.56 respectively.
Conclusion: The results from the present study showed that PHB can act as a good candidate for drug carrier and it is biocompatible in living cells.
DEVELOPMENT AND IN VITRO–IN VIVO EVALUATION OF GASTRORETENTIVE FLOATING TABLETS OF AN ANTIRETROVIRAL AGENT RITONAVIR
Authors: KIRAN R SHIREESH , SHEKAR B CHANDRA , BABU B NAGENDRA 
Published: October 2019

Objective: The present research work concerns the development of the extended release of Ritonavir floating matrix tablets, designed to prolong the gastric residence time, increase the drug bioavailability, and diminish the side effects of irritating drugs.
Methods: The floating tablets of Ritonavir were prepared by direct compression method using different grades of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), crospovidone, Polyox WSR 303, and sodium bicarbonate, as gas generating agent. Evaluation parameters and in vivo radiographic studies were conducted in suitable model.
Results: Among all formulations, F21 was chosen as optimized formulation based on evaluation parameters such as floating lag time (33 s), total floating time (>24 h), and in vitro dissolution studies. From in vitro dissolution studies, the optimized formulation F21 and marketed product were shown 98.67% and 91.46±5.02% of drug release, respectively. The main appliance of medication discharge follows zero-order kinetics and non- Fickian transport by coupled diffusion and erosion. In vivo experiments maintained the potentials in extending the gastric residence time in the fasted state in beagle dogs. The mean gastric residence time of the optimized formulation found to be 330 min±40 in the stomach, where longer gastric residence time is an important condition for prolonged or controlled drug release and also for enhanced bioavailability.
Conclusion: From in vitro and in vivo radiographic studies, Ritonavir floating tablets estimated to provide novel choice for harmless, inexpensive, and extended release for the effective management of AIDS.
EVALUATION OF HEMATINIC ACTIVITY OF NAGA BHASMA IN PHENYLHYDRAZINE-INDUCED ANEMIA IN EXPERIMENTAL RATS
Authors: AV YADAV , VR UNDALE 
Published: October 2019

Objective: Bhasmas are biologically produced nanoparticles prescribed with several other medicines of Ayurveda. Metal-based drugs are prepared by transmutation of base metals into noble ones along with the use of plant extracts meant to eradicate the toxic effects of metal. Naga bhasma (NB) is one of such metallic preparation used in various diseases such as diarrhea, spleen enlargement, and diabetes. The present study aims to test the hematinic activity of NB against phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced anemia in rats.
Methods: The experiment was carried on Wistar rats of either sex (150–200 g). Anemia was induced by an oral administration of PHZ 40 mg/kg for a period of 2 days. Hemoglobin (Hb) was measured on the 3rd day. Rats with Hb <11 g/dl were selected for the study. The animals were divided into six groups containing six animals each. Group I served as normal control, Group II as anemic control, and Group III was considered as standard that received ferrous sulfate (100 mg/kg), while Groups IV, V, and VI were treated with test NB 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, respectively, for 15 days. Hb was checked on the 0, 2nd, 7th, and 15th days.
Results: Oral administration of PHZ decreased Hb from 14 g/dl at day 0 to 11 g/dl at day 2. NB induced a significant increase in Hb concentration to 13 at the dose of 100 mg/kg p.o. after 48 h.
Conclusion: PHZ decreased Hb rate inducing anemia. NB caused an increase in the Hb values in anemic rats. Thus, it can be concluded that NB exhibits significant hematinic activity in rats.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GEL LOADED WITH MICROSPHERES OF APREMILAST FOR TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY SYSTEM
Authors: PRIYANKA N. V. SAI , NEERAJA P. , MANGILAL T. , KUMAR M. RAVI 
Published: October 2019

Objective: The main objective of the present research work was to formulate and evaluate gel loaded with microspheres of apremilast to increase bioavailability and to reduce the dosing frequency and to improve patient compliance.
Methods: Gel loaded with microspheres of apremilast was prepared by solvent evaporation method by taking different ratios of polymers. Ethyl cellulose as a polymer, dichloromethane solvent is used as drug solubility, polyvinyl alcohol as a surfactant, and sodium alginate is used as gelling agent. Prepared gel loaded with microspheres was evaluated for drug interactions by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry studies, and surface morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), to select effective one among all formulations. The prepared formulations (F1–F6) were evaluated for pre-formulation studies, spreadability, viscosity, pH measurement, gel strength, homogeneity, drug content, in vitro diffusion studies, drug kinetics, and finally for stability studies.
Results: Differential scanning calorimeter studies confirmed that there is no drug interaction between drug and excipients. FTIR spectroscopy studies confirmed that there is compatibility between drug and excipients. Regular and spherical shape particles with smooth surface were observed in the SEM photographs. The optimized gel loaded with microspheres of F4 formulation (drug: polymer in 1:4 ratio) is more effective compared to all formulations. The prepared gel showed acceptable physical properties such as spreadability (5.86±0.54 g.cm/s), viscosity (568 cps), pH (6.33±0.55), gel strength (38 s) and drug content (90.00±0.71%). In vitro diffusion studies have shown 80.1±1.92% drug release in 10 h. Drug kinetics follows zero order kinetics and n value was found to be 0.721. Stability studies were done for 3 months.
Conclusion: All the results show that the gel loaded with microspheres of apremilast can be effectively used for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.
PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CASSIA FISTULA EXTRACTS AGAINST ULTRAVIOLET C INJURY IN HUMAN CORNEAL EPITHELIAL CELLS
Authors: K DEEKSHA , ARUNACHALAM CYNTHIA 
Published: October 2019

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of Indian laburnum (Cassia fistula L. [CF]) leaf extracts and their impact on ultraviolet C (UVC) radiation-induced damage on human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells.
Methods: The antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging ability of CF leaf extracts were determined by in vitro methods such as 1,1-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity, Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and reducing power. The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and preliminary phytochemical screening were done to ensure the pharmacological effects of the extracts. The UVC radiation at wavelength 254 nm was used to irradiate HCE cells and cell viability was assessed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay.
Results: Extracts at the concentration of 200 μg/ml did not affect the cell viability of HCE cells. Almost 50% cell death was observed after UVC irradiation at a dose of 200 J/m2. Both extracts showed a protective effect by increasing the cell viability of irradiated cells up to 57.28% and 62.39%. A dose-dependent increase in the TAC and reducing power of the extract was observed. The TPC in aqueous and ethanol extracts of CF leaves was 18.8 and 27.80 mg gallic acid equivalent/g sample while TFC was 8.47 and 16.5 mg quercetin equivalent per/gsample, respectively.
Conclusions: CF leaves are a potent source of bioactive compounds with good antioxidant potential. Exposure to UVC radiation cause harmful effects on HCE cells and the extracts have shown to have potent protective effects on UV light-induced oxidative stress in HCE cells.
EFFECT OF LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION IN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS INDIVIDUALS
Authors: BHOSALE AVANI , THANGAVELU POOVISHNU DEVI 
Published: October 2019

Objectives: The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) To find the effect of conventional physiotherapy along with medications on Type II diabetes mellitus (DM) individuals and (2) to find the effect of lifestyle modification (LSM) and conventional physiotherapy with medications on Type II DM individuals.
Methods: Ethical clearance was obtained from the institutional ethical committee. A total of 70 Type II DM individuals were assessed and 64 were included in this study based on inclusion criteria, the individuals were allocated into two groups: Group A (n=32) received conventional physiotherapy along with prescribed diabetic medications and Group B (n=32) received LSM and conventional physiotherapy with prescribed diabetic medications. Pre- and post-test were done for plasma glucose, serum insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-C, low-density lipoprotein by blood test, exercise tolerance by 6-min walk test, and quality of life (QOL) by SF-36 questionnaire, and the outcome measures were analyzed after 3 months.
Results: Intergroup statistical analysis for HbA1c (p<0.0001) and QOL (p<0.0001) revealed extremely significant difference post-intervention. Analysis of HbA1c test for Group A (p=0.0652) was not significant and for Group B (p<0.0001) was extremely significant. Moreover, QOL was significant for Group A (p=0.0004) as well as for Group B (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: The study results concluded that LSM was significantly effective in reducing HbA1c levels, exercise tolerance, plasma glucose, serum glycerine, and total cholesterol and improving QOL compared to conventional exercise.