bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between FDG PET/CT-defined metabolic parameters and the histopathological subtype of oesophageal carcinomas
Authors: Korkmaz Ulku , Hacioglu Muhammet Bekir , Kostek Osman , Sut Necdet , Kodaz Hilmi , Erdogan Bulent , Ustun Funda , Saynak Mert , Tastekin Ebru , Cicin Irfan , Durmus-Altun Gulay 
Published: July 2020

Purpose18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) combined with computed tomo­graphy (CT) scan is accepted as a standard tool in the staging of oesophageal cancer (OC). Histological subtype of tumour is known to be a major determinant of prognosis and metabolic behaviour. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of histological subtypes of OC on standard uptake value (SUV<SUB>max</SUB>), metabolic tumour volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) obtained by PET/CT, and also to compare this effect with prognosis.Material and methodsImages and clinical course data of 57 patients who were diagnosed with EC and treated in our hospital between 2009 and 2016 were evaluated in a retrospective manner. PET/CT images were re-analysed in terms of metabolic parameters, and observations were compared with histological subtypes.ResultsNo significant difference was observed between histological subtypes with SUV<SUB>max</SUB>, overall survival (OS), or progression-free survival (PFS). Thus, MTV was observed to be related with histological subtype; MTV values of adenocancer patients were significantly higher than those of squamous cell cancer patients.ConclusionsMetabolic tumour volume was related with histological subtype of OC, but clinical staging, TLG, and SUV<SUB>max</SUB> values were not related with histological subtype, which may suggest the use of MTV as a routine parameter for OC and inclusion of MTV observations in prognostic scoring.
In situ measurement of CO2 and CH4 from aircraft over northeast China and comparison with OCO-2 data
Authors: Sun Xiaoyu , Duan Minzheng , Gao Yang , Han Rui , Ji Denghui , Zhang Wenxing , Chen Nong , Xia Xiangao , Liu Hailei , Huo Yanfeng 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Several satellites have been launched to monitor the
increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, especially CO2 and
CH4 in the atmosphere, through backscattered hyperspectral radiance in the shortwave infrared (SWIR) band. The vertical profiles of greenhouse gases and aerosols could strongly affect the results from these instruments. To investigate the effects of the vertical distribution of CO2 on the uncertainty of SWIR satellite retrieval results, we conducted observations of the vertical profiles of CO2, CH4 and aerosol particles at 0.6–7 km above sea level using a Beechcraft King Air 350ER in Jiansanjiang (46.77∘ N, 131.99∘ E), Heilongjiang Province, northeast China, on 7–12 August 2018. The profiles from this aircraft captured a decrease in CO2 from 2 km to the minimum altitude due to the absorption
of vegetation at the surface in summer. CH4 measurements showed about a
0.2 ppm increase from 2.0 to 0.6 km on 10 August, which may result from
emissions from the large area of paddy fields below, and a constant mole
fraction between 1.951 and 1.976 ppm was recorded at 2 km and above. Comparison of CO2 profiles from a new version of the
carbon cycle data assimilation system Tan-Tracker (v1), retrievals from
OCO-2 and aircraft measurements was conducted. The results from OCO-2 and
the assimilation model system Tan-Tracker captured the vertical structure of CO2 above 3 km, whereas below 3 km the values from OCO-2 and
the Tan-Tracker model were lower than those from in situ measurements.
Column-averaged CO2 volume mole fractions calculated from in situ
measurements showed biases of -4.68±0.44 ppm (-1.18±0.11%) compared to OCO-2 retrievals.
Surface and subsurface Labrador Shelf water mass conditions during the last 6000 years
Authors: Lochte Annalena A. , Schneider Ralph , Kienast Markus , Repschläger Janne , Blanz Thomas , Garbe-Schönberg Dieter , Andersen Nils 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. The Labrador Sea is important for the modern global
thermohaline circulation system through the formation of intermediate
Labrador Sea Water (LSW) that has been hypothesized to stabilize the modern
mode of North Atlantic deep-water circulation. The rate of LSW formation is
controlled by the amount of winter heat loss to the atmosphere, the expanse
of freshwater in the convection region and the inflow of saline waters from
the Atlantic. The Labrador Sea, today, receives freshwater through the East
and West Greenland currents (EGC, WGC) and the Labrador Current (LC).
Several studies have suggested the WGC to be the main supplier of freshwater
to the Labrador Sea, but the role of the southward flowing LC in Labrador
Sea convection is still debated. At the same time, many paleoceanographic
reconstructions from the Labrador Shelf focussed on late deglacial to early
Holocene meltwater run-off from the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS), whereas
little information exists about LC variability since the final melting of
the LIS about 7000 years ago. In order to enable better assessment of the
role of the LC in deep-water formation and its importance for Holocene
climate variability in Atlantic Canada, this study presents high-resolution
middle to late Holocene records of sea surface and bottom water
temperatures, freshening, and sea ice cover on the Labrador Shelf during the
last 6000 years. Our records reveal that the LC underwent three major
oceanographic phases from the mid- to late Holocene. From 6.2 to 5.6 ka,
the LC experienced a cold episode that was followed by warmer conditions
between 5.6 and 2.1 ka, possibly associated with the late Holocene
thermal maximum. While surface waters on the Labrador Shelf cooled
gradually after 3 ka in response to the neoglaciation, Labrador Shelf
subsurface or bottom waters show a shift to warmer temperatures after 2.1 ka. Although such an inverse stratification by cooling of surface and
warming of subsurface waters on the Labrador Shelf would suggest a
diminished convection during the last 2 millennia compared to the
mid-Holocene, it remains difficult to assess whether hydrographic conditions
in the LC have had a significant impact on Labrador Sea deep-water
formation.
Evolution and dynamics of the vertical temperature profile in an oligotrophic lake
Authors: Klaić Zvjezdana B. , Babić Karmen , Orlić Mirko 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. In this study, the fine-scale responses of a stratified oligotrophic karstic lake (Kozjak Lake,
Plitvice Lakes, Croatia; the lake fetch is 2.3 km, and the maximum depth is 46 m) to
atmospheric forcing on the lake surface are investigated. Lake temperatures measured at
a resolution of 2 min at 15 depths ranging from 0.2 to 43 m, which were observed
during the 6 July–5 November 2018 period, were analyzed. The results show thermocline deepening
from 10 m at the beginning of the observation period to 16 m at the end of the observation period, where
the latter depth corresponds to approximately one-third of the lake depth. The pycnocline followed the
same pattern, except that the deepening occurred throughout the entire period approximately
1 m above the thermocline. On average, thermocline deepening was 3–4 cm d−1,
while the maximum deepening (12.5 cm d−1) coincided with the occurrence of internal
seiches. Furthermore, the results indicate three different types of forcings on the lake surface; two of these forcings have diurnal periodicity – (1) continuous heat fluxes and (2) occasional
periodic stronger winds – whereas forcing (3) corresponds to occasional nonperiodic stronger winds with steady along-basin directions. Continuous heat fluxes (1) produced forced diurnal
oscillations in the lake temperature within the first 5 m of the lake throughout the
entire observation period. Noncontinuous periodic stronger winds (2) resulted in occasional
forced diurnal oscillations in the lake temperatures at depths from approximately 7 to
20 m. Occasional strong and steady along-basin winds (3) triggered both baroclinic
internal seiches with a principal period of 8.0 h and barotropic surface seiches with
a principal period of 9 min. Lake currents produced by the surface seiches under
realistic-topography conditions generated baroclinic oscillations of the thermocline region (at
depths from 9 to 17 m) with periods corresponding to the period of surface seiches
(≈ 9 min), which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been reported in previous
lake studies.
Sensitivity and identifiability of rheological parameters in debris flow modeling
Authors: Zegers Gerardo , Mendoza Pablo A. , Garces Alex , Montserrat Santiago 
Published: July 2020

Abstract. Over the past decades, several numerical models have been developed to understand, simulate and predict debris flow events. Typically, these models simplify the complex interactions between water and solids using a single-phase approach and different rheological models to represent flow resistance. In this study, we perform a sensitivity analysis on the parameters of a debris flow numerical model (FLO-2D) for a suite of relevant variables (i.e., maximum flood area, maximum flow velocity, maximum height and deposit volume). Our aims are to (i) examine the degree of model overparameterization and (ii) assess the effectiveness of observational constraints to improve parameter identifiability. We use the Distributed Evaluation of Local Sensitivity Analysis (DELSA) method, which is a hybrid local–global technique. Specifically, we analyze two creeks in northern Chile (∼29∘ S, 70∘ W) that were affected by debris flows on 25 March 2015. Our results show that SD (surface detention) and β1 (a parameter related to viscosity) provide the largest sensitivities. Further, our results demonstrate that equifinality is present in FLO-2D and that the final deposited volume and maximum flood area contain considerable information to identify model parameters.
Investigating the International Normalized Ratio Thresholds for Complication in Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Sivasundaram Lakshmanan , Raji Yazdan , Mengers Sunita R. P. , Trivedi Nikunj N. , Du Jerry , Karns Michael R. , Voos James E. , Lee Adrienne , Gillespie Robert J. 
Published: July 2020

Background:
In patients on warfarin anticoagulation therapy, elective shoulder arthroplasty surgeons must carefully balance bleeding and embolic risks. Currently, an international normalized ratio (INR) threshold of 1.5 is supported in the setting of elective surgery. However, no previous study has investigated the optimal preoperative INR target specifically in shoulder arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association of preoperative INR with rates of transfusion, complication, and readmission/revision surgery in shoulder arthroplasty.

Methods:
Patients who underwent elective shoulder arthroplasty were identified in a national database. The primary outcome of interest was the risk for all-cause complication at 30 days postoperatively. Major and minor complication, revision surgery, and readmission rates were also investigated.

Results:
From 2006 to 2016, 1,014 procedures were identified who had undergone elective shoulder arthroplasty with a perioperative INR lab result within 24 hours of surgery. In our cohort, 550 patients (54.2%) were women, with an average age of 71.0 ± 9.8 years. After controlling for confounders, patients with a preoperative INR > 1.5 were 18.9 times as likely to have a major complication as those with a preoperative INR ≤ 1.0 (P = 0.003). Patients with an INR of 1.25 < INR ≤ 1.5 did not have a statistically significant risk of minor or major complication in comparison with those with an INR ≤ 1.0 (P = 0.23, P = 0.67).

Discussion:
Although recent hip and knee arthroplasty literature has found that an INR < 1.25 may be an optimal preoperative INR goal, our results did not find an increased risk for bleeding and complication with an INR ≤ 1.5 for shoulder arthroplasty. These results support current guidelines recommending a preoperative INR ≤ 1.5 for shoulder arthroplasty.
Percepções de estudantes do curso de Nutrição sobre uso de metodologias ativas como ferramental do aprendizado por competências
Authors: Ribeiro Cilene da Silva Gomes , Raymundo Gisele Pontaroli 
Published: July 2020

Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar as percepções e dificuldades de estudantes do curso de Nutrição da PUCPR no que se refere aos seus protagonismos em um novo modelo de aprendizagem pautado em competências. Foi um estudo qualitativo que utilizou como técnica de coleta de dados o grupo focal. Para a análise, foi usada análise temática, segundo Bardin (2011). Foram encontradas três categorias: significados atribuídos às metodologias ativas, significados atribuídos à estrutura física na utilização das metodologias ativas e mudanças promovidas pela inserção das metodologias ativas no ensino-aprendizagem. Como resultado, foi possível identificar que os estudantes têm percepções positivas da importância do seu protagonismo em um novo modelo de aprendizagem pautado em competências, apesar de serem ainda, em algumas situações, muito reativos à participação nas aulas que empregam metodologias ativas de aprendizado. Concluiu-se que o grande desafio é aperfeiçoar a autonomia do estudante durante todo o curso de graduação, pois ele precisa sair da sua zona de conforto, com mudanças de postura e de modelos mentais; trata-se de um processo constante de aprender a aprender, que tem influência transformadora no meio acadêmico, principalmente com reflexos empreendedores positivos para o mercado de trabalho e para a sociedade.
Quality Evaluation of Maize Akamu as Affected by Dehulling, Partial Germination and Oil Seed Supplementation
Authors: Ikechukwu Agbara, Gervase , Priscilla Abraham , Ngozi Agbara Helen 
Published: July 2020

Akamu, a starchy cereal-based lactic acid fermented gruel consumed in West Africa was prepared using different processing methods: use of dehulled (D) maize grains, use of partially germinated (PG) maize grains (36-48h) and blends: PG and soybean (S) (90:10), D and S (90:10) and D and Melon (M) seed (90:10). Soaking, wet-milling, wet-sieving, sedimentation (24h), decanting, dewatering were involved and the traditional maize akamu served as the control. The seven different samples were subjected to physicochemical microbiological and sensory evaluations. Crude protein (4.70-10.33%), crude fat (4.12-14.30%), total ash (0.26-0.88 %%), crude fibre (1.51-2.77%) contents were higher in oil seed treated akamu and the carbohydrate contents (<74.41%) were the lowest. The akamu made of dehulled(D) maize had poorer proximate composition. Dominant elements in all the akamu were Phosphorous and Potassium and surprisingly, Zinc (1.98mg/100g), Iron (7.33 mg/g) and potassium (106.83 mg/g) in the akamu made with dehulled maize and calcium higher in the control (14.21mg/100g) and partially germinated (14.71mg/100g) akamu. Low water activity in the dried akamu ensured satisfactory low bacterial and fungal counts (<103cfu/g). The control (U) and D akamu possessed better functional and sensory properties; water absorption capacity, swelling power and pH of the different akamu varied significantly: 7.40—8.10 ml/g, 2.74-5.73 g/g, and 5.41-7.42 g/g respectively. Short period of germination (<48 h) did not affect negatively the proximate composition, sensory, water absorption capacity and swelling power of the PG, PG+U, PG+S akamu(s). The control (U) and D akamu were adjudged to possess better sensory properties especially U akamu with scores slightly greater than 8 on a 9-point hedonic scale, but the superior nutritive value of oil seed treated akamu(s) were masked by poorer sensory attributes. It is concluded that akamu made from PG maize or its blends with undehulled maize or soybean were better alternatives to traditional akamu which is nutritionally inferior although it possessed excellent sensory and functional properties.
Small molecule 3PO inhibits glycolysis but does not bind to 6‐phosphofructo‐2‐kinase/fructose‐2,6‐bisphosphatase‐3 (PFKFB3)
Authors: Emini Veseli Besa , Perrotta Paola , Van Wielendaele Pieter , Lambeir Anne‐Marie , Abdali Anahita , Bellosta Stefano , Monaco Giovanni , Bultynck Geert , Martinet Wim , De Meyer Guido R. Y. 
Published: July 2020

6‐Phosphofructo‐2‐kinase/fructose‐2,6‐bisphosphatase isoform 3 (PFKFB3) is a key enzyme of the glycolytic pathway, and it plays an essential role in angiogenesis. 3‐(3‐Pyridinyl)‐1‐(4‐pyridinyl)‐2‐propen‐1‐one (3PO) is frequently used as a glycolysis inhibitor and is thought to inhibit PFKFB3. However, this latter effect of 3PO has never been investigated in detail and was the aim of the present study. To demonstrate binding of 3PO to PFKFB3, we used isothermal titration calorimetry. However, 3PO did not bind to PFKFB3, even up to 750 µm, in contrast to 3 µm of AZ67, which is a potent and specific PFKFB3 inhibitor. Instead, 3PO accumulated lactic acid inside the cells, leading to a decrease in the intracellular pH and an inhibition of enzymatic reactions of the glycolytic pathway.
Soft‐constrained model predictive control based on data‐driven distributionally robust optimization
Authors: Lu Shuwen , Lee Jay H. , You Fengqi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article proposes a novel distributionally robust optimization (DRO)‐based soft‐constrained model predictive control (MPC) framework to explicitly hedge against unknown external input terms in a linear state‐space system. Without a priori knowledge of the exact uncertainty distribution, this framework works with a lifted ambiguity set constructed using machine learning to incorporate the first‐order moment information. By adopting a linear performance measure and considering input and state constraints robustly with respect to a lifted support set, the DRO‐based MPC is reformulated as a robust optimization problem. The constraints are softened to ensure recursive feasibility. Theoretical results on optimality, feasibility, and stability are further discussed. Performance and computational efficiency of the proposed method are illustrated through motion control and building energy control systems, showing 18.3% less cost and 78.8% less constraint violations, respectively, while requiring one third of the CPU time compared to multi‐stage scenario based stochastic MPC.
Characteristics of late transplant‐associated thrombotic microangiopathy in patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Heybeli Cihan , Sridharan Meera , Alkhateeb Hassan B. , Villasboas Bisneto Jose C. , Buadi Francis K. , Chen Dong , Dingli David , Dispenzieri Angela , Gertz Morie A. , Go Ronald S. , Hashmi Shahrukh K. , Hayman Suzanne R. , Hogan William J. , Inwards David J. , Kenderian Saad S. , Kumar Shaji K. , Litzow Mark R. , Porrata Luis F. , Lacy Martha Q. , Micallef Ivana N. , Patnaik M. M. , Shah Mithun V. , Leung Nelson 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTransplant‐associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA‐TMA) has a wide range of presentations after hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation (HSCT). We retrospectively studied the risk factors and outcomes of patients with early (≤day 100) and late (>day 100) TA‐TMA. Among the 1451 HSCT recipients, early TA‐TMA occurred in 45 (3.1%) patients at a median of 27 (3‐91) days, and late TA‐TMA in 39 (2.7%) patients at a median of 303 (122‐2595) days. Patients with early TA‐TMA were more likely to have high blood calcineurin‐inhibitor levels (P < .001) and acute graph‐vs‐host disease (GVHD, P < .001), while late TMA patients were more likely to have chronic GVHD (P < .001). The estimated median overall survival after onset of TMA for the entire cohort was 6 months. The estimated median overall survival was not reached in patients with an improvement of TMA vs 2 months in patients with no improvement (P < .001). In the early TMA group, older age (for every 10 years, HR 1.40; 95% CI 1.00‐1.94; P = .049) and bacterial infection (HR 2.42; 95% CI 0.98‐6.00; P = .056) were positively associated with mortality. Switching to MMF treatment (HR 0.40; 95% CI 0.16‐0.99; P = .047) and improvement of TMA (HR 0.08; 95% CI 0.03‐0.25; P < .001) were negatively associated with mortality in the multivariate analysis. In the late TMA group, the improvement of TMA was the only independent predictor associated with a lower risk of death (HR 0.05; 95% CI 0.02‐0.19; P < .001). Mortality rates in both early and late TMA remain unacceptably high. Future studies are needed for early diagnosis, trigger identifications, and use of targeted treatments.
Characterization of the rate, predictors, and thrombotic complications of thrombocytosis in iron deficiency anemia
Authors: Song Andrew B. , Kuter David J. , Al‐Samkari Hanny 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe association of thrombocytosis with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is well‐recognized, but data describing the rate, predictors, and risk of thrombotic complications associated with IDA‐related thrombocytosis are limited. We queried an institutional patient data repository containing comprehensive chart data for over 6 million patients to identify IDA patients with and without thrombocytosis and thrombotic events over a 40‐year time period (1979 to 2019). Demographics, hematological parameters, thrombosis history, and other medical history were collected. Fidelity of query data was assessed via detailed manual chart review of 700 patients, including confirmation of ferritin and hematologic parameters in addition to temporal and clinical association of thrombocytosis. Our queries identified 36 327 cases of IDA of which 15 022 had thrombocytosis. Following assessment for data integrity, we observed a thrombocytosis rate of 32.6% in patients with IDA. The rate of thrombosis was calculated to be 7.8% in patients with IDA and 15.8% in patients with IDA and thrombocytosis. Platelet mass index at time of peak thrombocytosis was significantly higher than at baseline and was strongly negatively correlated with hemoglobin at peak thrombocytosis. A multivariable model demonstrated a significant predictive relationship between decreasing hemoglobin and increasing platelet count at peak thrombocytosis. In conclusion, we observed reactive thrombocytosis in one‐third of IDA patients, and a 2‐fold thrombosis risk in patients with IDA and thrombocytosis compared with patients with IDA alone. Given the global burden of untreated and undertreated IDA, adequate IDA treatment may reduce thrombotic complications and associated morbidity and mortality.
Developmental delay, intellectual disability, short stature, subglottic stenosis, hearing impairment, onychodysplasia of the index fingers, and distinctive facial features: A newly reported autosomal recessive syndrome
Authors: Mégarbané André , Hana Sayeeda , El‐Hayek Stephany , Gambarini Alicia , Al‐Ali Mahmoud Taleb , Delague Valérie 
Published: July 2020

AbstractWe report on a multiply consanguineous Syrian family where two siblings, a boy and a girl, presented with a compilation of symptoms including developmental delay, severe intellectual disability, absent speech, hearing impairment, short stature, subglottic stenosis, increased length of the palpebral fissures, onychodysplasia of index fingers, scoliosis, genu valgum, and malpositioned toes. Two other individuals from the extended family with similar clinical features are also described. Array‐CGH did not reveal any pathological copy number variation. Exome sequencing failed to find any causal variants. Differential diagnoses and the possibility that we might be reporting a hitherto unknown syndrome are discussed.