bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical and signaling mechanisms that guide pre-implantation embryo movement
Authors: Flores Diana , Madhavan Manoj , Wright Savannah , Arora Ripla 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
How a mammalian embryo determines and arrives at its attachment site has been studied for decades, but our understanding of this process is far from complete. Using confocal imaging and image analysis, we evaluate embryo location along the longitudinal oviductal-cervical axis of murine uteri. Our analysis reveals three distinct pre-implantation phases: embryo entry, unidirectional movement of embryo clusters and bidirectional scattering and spacing of embryos. We show that unidirectional clustered movement is facilitated by a mechanical stimulus of the embryo and is regulated by adrenergic uterine smooth muscle contractions. Embryo scattering, on the other hand, depends on embryo-uterine communication reliant on the LPAR3 signaling pathway and is independent of adrenergic muscle contractions. Finally, we demonstrate that uterine implantation sites in mice are neither random nor predetermined but are guided by the number of embryos entering the uterine lumen. These studies have implications for understanding how embryo-uterine communication is key to determining an optimal implantation site necessary for the success of a pregnancy.
Using agricultural metadata: a novel investigation of trends in sowing date in on-farm research trials using the Online Farm Trials database
Authors: Walters Judi , Light Kate , Robinson Nathan 
Published: November 2020

Background: A growing ability and interest in the collection of data, together with the development and adoption of the FAIR guiding principles, has increased the amount of data available in many disciplines. This has given rise to an urgent need for robust metadata. Within the Australian grains industry, data from over thousands of on-farm research trials (Trial Projects) have been made available via the Online Farm Trials (OFT) website. OFT Trial Project metadata were developed as filters to refine front-end database searches, but could also be used as a dataset to investigate trends in metadata elements. Australian grains crops are being sown earlier, but whether on-farm research trials reflect this change is currently unknown. Methods: We investigated whether OFT Trial Project metadata could be used to detect trends in sowing dates of on-farm crop research trials across Australia, testing the hypothesis that research trials are being sown earlier in line with local farming practices. The investigation included 15 autumn-sown, winter crop species listed in the database, with trial records from 1993 to 2019. Results: Our analyses showed that (i) OFT Trial Project metadata can be used as a dataset to detect trends in sowing date; and (ii) cropping research trials are being sown earlier in Victoria and Western Australia, but no trend exists within the other states. Discussion/Conclusion: Our findings show that OFT Trial Project metadata can be used to detect trends in crop sowing date, suggesting that metadata could also be used to detect trends in other metadata elements such as harvest date. Because OFT is a national database of research trials, further assessment of metadata may uncover important agronomic, cultural or economic trends within or across the Australian cropping regions. New information could then be used to lead practice change and increase productivity within the Australian grains industry.
What is the clinical course of patients hospitalised for COVID-19 treatment Ireland: a retrospective cohort study in Dublin’s North Inner City (the ‘Mater 100’)
Authors: O’Kelly Brendan , Cronin Colm , Connolly Stephen Peter , Cullen Walter , Avramovic Gordana , McHugh Tina , O’Connor Eileen , Cotter Aoife , Doran Peter , McGinty Tara , O’Callaghan Dermot S , Gaine Sean , Sheehan Gerard , Brazil Eamonn , Marsh Brian , Lambert John S. 
Published: November 2020

Background: Ireland has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). While several cohorts from China have been described, there is little data describing the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of Irish patients with COVID-19. To improve our understanding of this infection we performed a retrospective review of patient data to examine the clinical characteristics of patients admitted for COVID-19 hospital treatment. Methods: Demographic, clinical and laboratory data on the first 100 patients admitted to Mater Misericordiae University Hospital for in-patient COVID-19 treatment after onset of the outbreak in March 2020 was extracted from patient records. Results: The median age was 45 years (interquartile range [IQR] =34-64 years), 58% were male, and 63% were Irish nationals. Patients had symptoms for a median of five days before diagnosis (IQR=2.5-7 days), most commonly cough (72%), fever (65%), dyspnoea (37%), fatigue (28%), myalgia (27%) and headache (24%). Of all cases, 54 had at least one pre-existing chronic illness (most commonly hypertension, diabetes mellitus or asthma). At initial assessment, the most common abnormal findings were: C-reactive protein >7.0mg/L (74%), ferritin >247μg/L (women) or >275μg/L (men) (62%), D-dimer >0.5μg/dL (62%), chest imaging (59%), NEWS Score (modified) of ≥3 (55%) and heart rate >90/min (51%). Supplemental oxygen was required by 27 patients, of which 17 were admitted to the intensive care unit - 14 requiring ventilation. Antiviral therapy was administered to 40 patients (most commonly hydroxychloroquine or lopinavir/ritonavir). Four died, 17 were admitted to intensive care, and 74 were discharged home, with nine days the median hospital stay (IQR=6-11). Conclusion: Our findings reinforce the consensus of COVID-19 as an acute life-threatening disease and highlights the importance of laboratory (ferritin, C-reactive protein, D-dimer) and radiological parameters, in addition to clinical parameters. Further cohort studies followed longitudinally are a priority.
Risks and predicting factors of suicidal ideation in lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender communities
Authors: Manning Carol , Graham Yitka , Freeman Maria , Hayes Catherine 
Published: November 2020

Background/Aims:Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people are at an increased risk of suicidal ideation and suicide, compared to the overall population. This article provides an insight into the identifiable risk factors and protective determinants that can impact on these increased risks. The aim of this study was to ascertain the protective determinants of suicide ideation in the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender population based on the extant published evidence base surrounding this issue in the context of health care generally and mental health nursing practice, specifically.MethodsA systematic review of five articles pertaining to suicidal ideation in the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community was undertaken, in accordance with the 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Implementation Framework Guidelines.ResultsDatasets were synthesised using an inductive thematic analysis. Five core themes emerged from the data: (1) resilience (2) specific personality traits (3) mindfulness and self-esteem (4) social support and positive role modelling and (5) the need for culturally competent healthcare provision, of which mental health nurses are an integral part.ConclusionsThe findings of the systematic review revealed the need for mental health nurses and adjunct healthcare staff to reflect on their interactions with the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender population, particularly where suicidal ideation or tendency is either directly articulated or suspected. Helping and supporting vulnerable members of society could potentially be driven by increasing awareness of these specific vulnerabilities in clinical practice.
Frequency-domain calculation of Smith–Purcell radiation for metallic and dielectric gratings
Authors: Szczepkowicz Andrzej , Schächter Levi , England R. Joel 
Published: November 2020

The intensity of Smith–Purcell radiation from metallic and dielectric gratings (silicon, silica) is compared in a frequency-domain simulation. The numerical model is discussed and verified with the Frank–Tamm formula for Cherenkov radiation. For 30 keV electrons, rectangular dielectric gratings are less efficient than their metallic counterparts, by an order of magnitude for silicon, and two orders of magnitude for silica. For all gratings studied, radiation intensity oscillates with grating tooth height due to electromagnetic resonances in the grating. 3D and 2D numerical models are compared.
Multi-point line focused laser differential interferometer for high-speed flow fluctuation measurements
Authors: Weisberger Joshua M. , Bathel Brett F. , Herring Gregory C. , Buck Gregory M. , Jones Stephen B. , Cavone Angelo A. 
Published: November 2020

A multi-point focused laser differential interferometer (FLDI) has been developed to measure density fluctuations at 16 points along a line. A pair of cylindrical lenses on the transmitter side of a conventional single-point FLDI instrument form two closely spaced (

≤

200

µ

m

), orthogonally polarized, parallel laser lines at the instrument’s focus. On the receiver side of the instrument, the interference of the beams on a 16-element photodiode array results in a single line of measurements. The further addition of a Nomarski prism creates two separate measurement lines, and the addition of a second photodiode array to the instrument enables simultaneous measurements of density fluctuations along the two lines separated by several millimeters. These two lines of measurement can be conveniently oriented at any azimuthal angle relative to the instrument’s optical axis on the measurement plane, coinciding with the instrument’s focus. Two experiments were performed to demonstrate the capabilities of the instrument. In the first experiment, a laser-induced breakdown spark generated a traveling spherical shock wave, and measurements of the resulting density disturbance and wave velocity were obtained. These results were compared to high-speed schlieren images of the shock wave acquired at 400 kHz. In the second experiment, the multi-point FLDI instrument was used to measure density disturbances in the boundary layer of a flat plate in a Mach 6 freestream flow. The measurements were made along two lines, both approximately 6 mm in length, extending from the surface of the plate through the boundary layer. High-speed schlieren images were acquired at 100 kHz during separate wind tunnel runs at matching unit Reynolds numbers to visualize the unsteady boundary layer flow and compare to the FLDI measurements.
On-chip reconfigurable mode converter based on cross-connected subwavelength Y-junctions
Authors: Lu Longhui , Liu Deming , Yan Max , Zhang Minming 
Published: November 2020

A novel power-efficient reconfigurable mode converter is proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on cross-connected symmetric Y-junctions assisted by thermo-optic phase shifters on a silicon-on-insulator platform. Instead of using conventional Y-junctions, subwavelength symmetric Y-junctions are utilized to enhance the mode splitting ability. The reconfigurable functionality can be realized by controlling the induced phase differences. Benefited from the cross-connected scheme, the number of heating electrodes can be effectively reduced, while the performance of the device is maintained. With only one-step etching, our fabricated device shows the average insertion losses and cross talks are less than 2.45 and

−
16.6

dB

, respectively, measured with conversions between two arbitrary compositions of the first four TE modes over an observable 60 nm bandwidth. The converter is switchable and CMOS-compatible, and could be extended for more modes; hence, it can be potentially deployed for advanced and flexible mode multiplexing optical networks-on-chip.
Superior single-mode lasing in a self-assembly CsPbX3 microcavity over an ultrawide pumping wavelength range
Authors: Weng Guoen , Yan Jiyu , Chen Shengjie , Zhao Chunhu , Zhang Hanbing , Tian Jiao , Liu Yuejun , Hu Xiaobo , Tao Jiahua , Chen Shaoqiang , Zhu Ziqiang , Akiyama Hidefumi , Chu Junhao 
Published: November 2020

All-inorganic perovskite micro/nanolasers are emerging as a class of miniaturized coherent photonic sources for many potential applications, such as optical communication, computing, and imaging, owing to their ultracompact sizes, highly localized coherent output, and broadband wavelength tunability. However, to achieve single-mode laser emission in the microscale perovskite cavity is still challenging. Herein, we report unprecedented single-mode laser operations at room temperature in self-assembly

CsPbX

3

microcavities over an ultrawide pumping wavelength range of 400–2300 nm, covering one- to five-photon absorption processes. The superior frequency down- and upconversion single-mode lasing manifests high multiphoton absorption efficiency and excellent optical gain from the electron–hole plasma state in the perovskite microcavities. Through direct compositional modulation, the wavelength of a single-mode

CsPbX

3

microlaser can be continuously tuned from blue-violet to green (427–543 nm). The laser emission remains stable and robust after long-term high-intensity excitation for over 12 h (up to

4.3
×

10
7

excitation cycles) in the ambient atmosphere. Moreover, the pump-wavelength dependence of the threshold, as well as the detailed lasing dynamics such as the gain-switching and electron–hole plasma mechanisms, are systematically investigated to shed insight into the more fundamental issues of the lasing processes in

CsPbX

3

perovskite microcavities.
Healthcare workers’ knowledge, attitude and practices during the COVID-19 pandemic response in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal
Authors: Limbu Dil K. , Piryani Rano M. , Sunny Avinash K. 
Published: November 2020

Background
COVID-19 is an ongoing pandemic, for which appropriate infection prevention and control measures need to be adopted. Healthcare workers’ adherence to prevention and control measures is affected by their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) towards COVID-19. In this study, we assessed the KAP among healthcare workers towards the COVID-19 during the ongoing pandemic.

Method
A self-developed piloted KAP questionnaire was administered to the recruited healthcare workers involved in the COVID-19 response at the Universal College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital (UCMSTH), in Bhairahawa, Nepal. The knowledge questionnaire consisted of questions regarding the clinical characteristics, prevention, and management of COVID-19. Assessment on attitudes and practices towards COVID-19 included questions on behaviour and change in practices made towards COVID-19 response. Knowledge scores were calculated and compared by demographic characteristics and their attitude and practices towards COVID-19. Data were analysed using bivariate statistics.

Results
A total of 103 healthcare workers participated in the study. The mean age of the participants was 28.24±6.11 years (range: 20–56); 60.2% were females; 61.2% were unmarried; 60.2% had a medical degree, and 39.8% were the nursing staff. The mean knowledge score was 10.59±1.12 (range: 7–13), and it did not vary significantly when adjusted for demographic characteristics. The attitude was positive for 53.4% of the participants with a mean knowledge score of 10.35±1.19 and negative for 46.6% participants with a mean knowledge score of 10.88±0.98 (p = 0.02). The practice was good (≥3 score) for 81.5% participants with a mean knowledge score of 10.73±1.12 and poor for 18.5% participants with a mean knowledge score of 10.46±1.13 (p = 0.24). The attitude of the participants improved with increasing age (29.55±7.17, p = 0.02).

Conclusion
There is comparably better knowledge regarding COVID-19 among healthcare workers. Appropriate practice correlates with better knowledge and positive attitude towards COVID-19 infection is seen with increasing age. Hence, training on protection and protective measures for having a positive attitude among healthcare workers is necessary against the fight with COVID-19 infection.
Organisation als Aufgabe – Das Beispiel der hessischen Archivverwaltung
Authors: Hedwig Andreas 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Als eines der letzten Bundesländer hat Hessen seine drei Staatsarchive in einem zentralen Hessischen Landesarchiv vereinigt. Die aktuelle Organisation des Landesarchivs hat sich über einen langen, 2003 initiierten Prozess entwickelt. Die Diskussion über den besten Weg dieser Organisationreform brachten wiederholt externe Gutachter voran.
Die Führungskräfte haben ihren Kolleginnen und Kollegen erfolgreich Wege der Partizipation und der Selbstverortung eröffnet. Schließlich erkannten sie, dass im Rahmen des Veränderungsprozesses auch für mehr Vertrauen in die neue Organisation geworben werden musste. Daraufhin wurden gezielt Aktivitäten zur Stärkung einer neuen Corporate Identity entwickelt.
How to stay relevant as a public library
Authors: Brabandere Claire De 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Bibliotheek De Krook, the new public library of the Flemish city of Ghent, opened in 2017 and sees thousands of visitors every day. This article explores the architecture of the building, the use of technology and the structural collaboration between the library and other organisations to offer not only a large collection but also services and activities for the public. Finally, it focuses on a few necessary changes that have been made since the opening.
Study abroad experiences count: Motivational profile of EFL listeners and its impact on top-down and bottom-up processing
Authors: Xu Jian , Qiu Xuyan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Effective listening strategy use is crucial for second language (L2) learners as it facilitates listening comprehension. Although strategy use can be boosted from various ways (e.g. explicit instruction), we are uncertain whether L2 listening motivation can affect learners’ listening strategy use. The present study aims at examining the relationship between L2 listening motivation and L2 listening strategy use of learners with and without overseas study experience. We administered a L2 listening motivation questionnaire, measuring expectancy, importance and interest, and an English as a foreign language listening strategy inventory, focusing on top-down and bottom-up strategy use, with 465 Chinese undergraduate students. To supplement the quantitative results, a semi-structured interview was conducted with four participants to explore their L2 listening motivational profiles. The findings suggest that L2 listening motivation was positively correlated with bottom-up and top-down processing, except the relationship between importance and top-down processing. Learners with study abroad experience, who immersed themselves into real-time communication, were more aware of the importance of L2 listening thus employed more top-down strategies, whilst those without overseas experience, though acknowledged the cruciality of L2 listening, adopted fewer top-down strategies and were more examination driven. The findings shed light on L2 listening teaching and learning.
Digital Decision Making als Entscheidung, nicht zu entscheiden
Authors: Wendt Thomas , Manhart Sebastian 
Published: November 2020

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag diskutiert das Spannungsfeld zwischen digitaler Strukturbildung und personengebundener Entscheidungsproduktion in Organisationen mithilfe organisations- und entscheidungstheoretischer Annahmen. Digitalisierung greift aufgrund ihrer spezifischen Form tief in die Arbeitsabläufe von Organisationen ein, aktualisiert dabei aber deren traditionelle Form: Während algorithmusbasierte Prozesse organisationaler Strukturautomation Entscheidungsspielräume einschränken, wird Personenorientierung immer wichtiger. Das digitale Projekt, Organisationsstrukturen rational und störunanfällig zu machen, führt zur Etablierung einer rechenbasierten Eigenlogik, die das organisationale Kontinuum zwischen Aufgaben- und Personenorientierung in beide Richtungen ausweitet. Durch digitale Strukturautomation werden personengebundene Eigenschaften zum entscheidenden Faktor bei der Fruchtbarmachung von Spielräumen, die nun extra organisiert werden.
Model-based sensor fusion of multimodal cardiorespiratory signals using an unscented Kalman filter
Authors: Linschmann Onno , Leonhardt Steffen , Hoog Antink Christoph 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBased on a model of three coupled oscillators describing the influence of respiration, namely respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), and so-called Mayer waves on the heart rate, an unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is designed to perform sensor fusion of multimodal cardiorespiratory sensor signals. The aim is to implicitly use redundancy between the sensor signals to improve the estimated heart rate while utilising model knowledge. The effectiveness of the approach is shown by estimations of the heart rate on synthesised data as well as patient data from the Fantasia dataset and a Sleep laboratory which provide two, three or six sensor channels for resting individuals. It could be shown that the approach is able to fuse multimodal sensor signals on signal level to achieve more accurate estimations. For real data, errors in mean heart rate as small as 1.56 % were achieved.
The use of utterance-final particles in Mandarin teaching
Authors: 曾金金  , 丁多永  
Published: November 2020

提要本文旨在探討在線上互動中實習教師與學生句末語氣詞使用情形。結果顯示,教師句末語氣詞的使用比例為37%,明顯高於學生的15%。教師使用頻率最高的為「嗎」, 佔教師出現語氣詞總數的58%, 學生使用頻率最高的為「嗎」、「啊」,各佔學生出現語氣詞總數的36%。本文亦對兩岸教師、母語為華語與非華語之教師以及家中使用與不使用華語之學生的句末語氣詞使用頻率差異進行了比較。最後, 輔以說話者的身分類別進行綜合比較, 發現教師身分對華語母語教師的語氣詞使用類型及頻率皆有影響。本文分析真實教學互動情境中出現的語氣詞研究結果, 不僅能為現有兩岸句末語氣詞研究的語料佐證, 亦能實際應用於華語教學。
Text complexity and reading comprehension of Japanese CSL learners
Authors: 蕭惠貞  , 湯 立群  
Published: November 2020

提 要
本研究以四篇不同文本複雜度(Text complexity)之短文為實驗材料, 共31位日籍華語學習者以紙筆施測與有聲思考(Think Aloud), 探究華語學習者之二語程度(L2 proficiency)與文本複雜度對詞彙猜測和閱讀理解的影響。結果顯示: (一)各文本之文意理解和詞義選擇達顯著差異(F = 8.290, p = .000; F = 28.226, p = .000), 閱讀理解則否; (二)二語能力中的詞彙知識和句法知識分別與閱讀理解及詞彙猜測表現皆達顯著正相關(r = .586, p = .001; r = .666, p = .000; r = .364, p = .044; r = 0.535, p = .002), 句法知識可代表解釋44.4%的閱讀理解變異及28.6%的詞彙猜測表現變異; (三)不論詞義透明度高低, 猜測最常用知識來源皆為文本線索。