bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synergistic Interactions Are Prevalent in Catalytic Amyloids
Authors: Marshall Liam R. , Jayachandran Megha , Lengyel‐Zhand Zsofia , Rufo Caroline M. , Kriews Austin , Kim Min‐Chul , Korendovych Ivan V. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractInteractions between multiple functional groups are key to catalysis. Previously, we reported synergistic interactions in catalytic amyloids formed by mixtures of heptameric peptides that lead to significant improvements in esterase activity. Herein, we describe the in‐depth investigation of synergistic interactions within a family of amyloid fibrils, exploring the results of functional group interactions, the effects of chirality and the use of mixed enantiomers within fibrils. Remarkably, we find that synergistic interactions (either positive or negative) are found in the vast majority of binary mixtures of catalytic amyloid‐forming peptides. The productive arrangements of functionalities rapidly identified by mixing different peptides will undoubtedly lead to the development of more active catalysts for a variety of different transformations.
Bimetallic Co/Mo2C Nanoparticles Embedded in 3D Hierarchical N‐doped Carbon Heterostructures as Highly Efficient Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting
Authors: Zhang Jinxu , Sun Xueping P. , Wei Peng , Lu Gongchang , Sun Shixiong X. , Xu Yue , Fang Chun , Li Qing , Han Jiantao T. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractModulating intrinsic electronic and geometric structures of bimetallic electrocatalysts has been regarded as a promising strategy to effectively solve the sluggish kinetics and large overpotential of OER (Oxygen evolution reaction) and HER (Hydrogen evolution reaction) involved in future large‐scale electricity‐to‐hydrogen generation. Here, the bifunctional Co/Mo2C electrocatalysts encapsulated in 3D hierarchical nitrogen‐doped carbon nanofibers synchronously rooted with abundant carbon nanotubes (Co/Mo2C‐NCNTs) were successfully fabricated by a facile electrospinning method. Due to the unique heterostructures and strong synergetic effects between Co and Mo2C nanoparticles to improve OH− affinity, moderate Mo−H bonds, and expose more active sites, the Co/Mo2C‐NCNTs displayed a tiny overpotential for OER (η10=310 mV) and HER (η10=170 mV) and stably operated for 24 h. Moreover, the results of a water electrolysis device demonstrated that the faradaic efficiency was close to 100 %, which further proved that this method was feasible and effective to fabricate high‐efficiency bifunctional non‐noble electrocatalysts for water splitting.
Metallic Glass Films with Nanostructured Periodic Density Fluctuations Supported on Si/SiO2as an Efficient Hydrogen Sorber
Authors: Sarac Baran , Ivanov Yurii P. , Karazehir Tolga , Putz Barbara , Greer A. Lindsay , Sarac A. Sezai , Eckert Jürgen 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNanostructured metallic glass films (NMGF) can exhibit surface and intrinsic effects that give rise to unique physical and chemical properties. Here, a facile synthesis and electrochemical, structural, and morphologic characterization of Pd‐Au‐Si based MGs of approximately 50 nm thickness supported on Si/SiO2is reported. Impressively, the maximum total hydrogen charge stored in the Pd‐Au‐Si nanofilm is equal to that in polycrystalline Pd films with 1 μm thickness in 0.1 mH2SO4electrolyte. The same NMGF has a volumetric desorption charge that is more than eight times and 25 % higher than that of polycrystalline PdNF and Pd‐Cu‐Si NMGF with the same thickness supported on Si/SiO2, respectively. A significant number of nanovoids originating from PdHxcrystals, and an increase in the average interatomic spacing is detected in Pd‐Au‐Si NMGF by high‐resolution TEM. Such a high amount of hydrogen sorption is linked to the unique density fluctuations without any chemical segregation exclusively observed for this NMGF.
Simultaneous measurement of optical rotation dispersion and absorption spectra for chiral substances
Authors: Liu Xing , Yang Jinlong , Geng Zhihao , Jia Hongzhi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe present a new method based on optical null methods for simultaneously measuring the optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) and absorption spectra of chiral substances. The optical rotation angle at a specific wavelength can be obtained from the optical nulls of the Malus curves with and without the sample. We use the optical nulls of the two curves as benchmark points and the readings to the right of the benchmark points by a certain angular offset to eliminate the influence of the analyzer on the light intensity and obtain the absorbance of the chiral substance at a specific wavelength. The 4096 pixels of the line scan CCD can measure multiple wavelengths simultaneously so that continuous ORD and absorption spectra can be obtained. The experimental results show that the standard deviation of the specific optical rotation is 0.11 deg mL g−1 dm−1, the standard deviation of the maximum absorption wavelength is 0.45 nm, and that absorbance of the sample varies linearly with the concentration. This method is helpful for simplifying the experiment and has a profound influence on the analysis of the contents and molecular configurations of chiral substances in the future.
In situ Surface Charge Density Visualization of Self‐assembled DNA Nanostructures after Ion Exchange
Authors: Møller Sønderskov Steffan , Hyldgaard Klausen Lasse , Amland Skaanvik Sebastian , Han Xiaojun , Dong Mingdong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe charge density of DNA is a key parameter in strand hybridization and for the interactions occurring between DNA and molecules in biological systems. Due to the intricate structure of DNA, visualization of the surface charge density of DNA nanostructures under physiological conditions was not previously possible. Here, we perform a simultaneous analysis of the topography and surface charge density of DNA nanostructures using atomic force microscopy and scanning ion conductance microscopy. The effect of in situ ion exchange using various alkali metal ions is tested with respect to the adsorption of DNA origami onto mica, and a quantitative study of surface charge density reveals ion exchange phenomena in mica as a key parameter in DNA adsorption. This is important for structure‐function studies of DNA nanostructures. The research provides an efficient approach to study surface charge density of DNA origami nanostructures and other biological molecules at a single molecule level.
2‐Carboxyethylgermanium Sesquioxide as A Promising Anode Material for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Saverina Evgeniya A. , Kapaev Roman R. , Stishenko Pavel V. , Galushko Alexey S. , Balycheva Victoriya A. , Ananikov Valentine P. , Egorov Mikhail P. , Jouikov Viatcheslav V. , Troshin Pavel A. , Syroeshkin Mikhail A. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractVarious forms of germanium and germanium‐containing compounds and materials are actively investigated as energy‐intensive alternatives to graphite as the anode of lithium‐ion batteries. The most accessible form—germanium dioxide—has the structure of a 3D polymer, which accounts for its rapid destruction during cycling, and requires the development of further approaches to the production of nanomaterials and various composites based on it. For the first time, we propose here the strategy of using 2‐carboxyethylgermanium sesquioxide ([O1.5GeCH2CH2CO2H]n, 2‐CEGS), in lieu of GeO2, as a promising, energy‐intensive, and stable new source system for building lithium‐ion anodes. Due to the presence of the organic substituent, the formed polymer has a 1D or a 2D space organization, which facilitates the reversible penetration of lithium into its structure. 2‐CEGS is common and commercially available, completely safe and non‐toxic, insoluble in organic solvents (which is important for battery use) but soluble in water (which is convenient for manufacturing diverse materials from it). This paper reports the preparation of micro‐ (flower‐shaped agglomerates of ≈1 μm thick plates) and nanoformed (needle‐shaped nanoparticles of ≈500×(50–80) nm) 2‐CEGS using methods commonly available in laboratories and industry such as vacuum and freeze‐drying of aqueous solutions of 2‐CEGS. Lithium half‐cell anodes based on 2‐CEGS show a capacity of ≈400 mAh g−1 for microforms and up to ≈700 mAh g−1 for nanoforms, which is almost two times higher than the maximal theoretical capacity of graphite. These anodes are stable during the cycling at various rates. The results of DFT simulations suggest that Li atoms form the stable Li2O with the oxygen atoms of 2‐CEGS, and actual charge–discharge cycles involve deoxygenated GeC3H5 molecules. Thus, C3 chains loosen the anode structure compared to pure Ge, improving its ability to accommodate Li ions.
A reversible ALU using HNG and Ferdkin gates in QCA nanotechnology
Authors: Norouzi Maliheh , Heikalabad Saeed Rasouli , Salimzadeh Fereshteh 
Published: April 2020

SummaryQuantum dot cellular automata (QCA) with the characteristics such as low energy dissipation and high density is a suitable alternative technology to CMOS technology. Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is one of the most important critical components of a microprocessor, and it is the core component of central processing unit (CPU). In this work, a novel reversible ALU in QCA nanotechnology is proposed. The reversible ALU contains three Ferdkin gates and one HNG gate. The proposed structure needs one constant input and generates only one garbage output. The proposed circuit does not need any rotated cells and only uses one layer that improves the manufacturability of the design interestingly. This circuit can perform 20 operations such as AND, OR, XOR, XNOR, COPY, addition, and increment. Our design contains only 480 cells and 12 majority voters and requires 15 clock phases. The proposed structures are simulated using QCADesigner version 2.0.3. The reversible ALU, despite a 25% increase in operations, has a 28% improvement in cell numbers and a 6% improvement in delay.
Video‐monitoring of wood discharge: first inter‐basin comparison and recommendations to install video cameras
Authors: Ghaffarian Hossein , Piégay Hervé , Lopez Diego , Rivière Nicolas , MacVicar Bruce , Antonio Aurelie , Mignot Emmanuel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWood in rivers plays a major role both ecologically and morphologically. In recent decades, due to human activities in the river channels and along the riparian zone, wood obstruction and jamming has exacerbated flooding hazards and infrastructure damage. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify the wood flux and discharge in rivers to improve wood hazard management. Among the various methods for monitoring the wood flux in a river, the streamside videography technique is effective given its high temporal and spatial resolution. Previous work monitored the wood discharge (m3/s) using this technique in the Ain River (France) during three floods (MacVicar and Piégay, 2012), and the same method is implemented on the Isère River (France) to obtain the statistics of wood discharge for two floods. Comparison between the two sites supports the generalization of both the monitoring technique and the link between wood discharge and flood characteristics. We first show that the maximum wood discharge is observed at bankfull discharge, and we confirm the three stage model proposed by MacVicar and Piégay (2012). Additionally, transverse distributions of the number of wood pieces and corresponding wood length appear to be similar for different flood magnitudes on each site. As a technical contribution, the use of the same technique on two sites allows for recommendations on key decisions related to the location and implementation of the equipment. Both statistical and technical contributions can be used by decision makers to implement this monitoring technique, acquire the wood transport parameters, and evaluate the potential wood hazards at local scale or along a river. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of relative permeability curves for the numerical simulation of CO2 core flooding
Authors: Zheng Zhanpeng , Ma Qingsong , Hu Pei , Song Yongchen , Wang Dayong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractVarious error sources exist in the specified relative permeability (kr) curves for numerical modeling of CO2/water core flooding process, including model selection, parameter estimation, and heterogeneity setting. In this study, we quantitatively investigate their effects on model predictions by a numerical sensitivity analysis. Numerical simulation results indicate: (1) The errors in residual gas saturation (Sgr) and residual liquid saturation (Slr) could significantly influence the estimation of the total volume (TPV) of injected CO2 when CO2/water displacement reaches a steady state. A change of Sgr or Slr by 0.1 can induce deviation in TPV up to 0.5 pore volume. (2) The change in Sgr could cause a bigger predictive deviation in local CO2 saturation () than that in Slr. In the case of the same degree of change, the deviation of the former is almost twice as much as that of the latter. (3) The model predictions remain fairly consistent when utilizing either Corey's curve or Brooks–Corey curve, but become significantly different if changing to van Genuchten curve. In this case, the difference in TPV is greater than that caused by the errors in Sgr or Slr. The maximum deviation in the predicted local exceeds 0.3, influencing the analysis of CO2 local trapping behavior. Comparatively, the local buildup is only slight if van Genuchten curve is used, but obvious using Corey's curve. (4) kr heterogeneity only presents a small effect on the local and could be reasonably ignored compared to the effects of the heterogeneity in capillary pressure and permeability. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Membrane Bioreactor–Treated Domestic Wastewater for Sustainable Reuse in the Lake Victoria Region
Authors: Gukelberger Ephraim , Atiye Talha , Mamo Julian A , Hoevenaars Kyra , Galiano Francesco , Figoli Alberto , Gabriele Bartolo , Mancuso Raffaella , Nakyewa Pauline , Akello Francis , Otim Robert , Mbilingi Bwambale , Adhiambo Susan C , Lanta Daniel , Musambyah Mutambala , Hoinkis Jan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Lake Victoria is a shared water resource between Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania, which is the second largest freshwater lake in the world. It has long since suffered from the consequences of overexploitation of its resources, mainly fish stocks, and increasingly high pollution. The closure of 58% of the fish processing plants (FPPs) is attributed to the declining fish stocks due to overfishing and pollution in particular. The installation and operation of a pilot membrane bioreactor (MBR) in Kisumu, Kenya, adopts an integrated approach by providing an integral, sustainable, cost-effective, and robust solution for water sanitation, which also meets the demand for clean water in the fish processing industry, aquaculture, and irrigation. The innovative system comprises a pilot MBR coupled with a recirculation aquaculture system (RAS). The RAS is able to recirculate 90% to 95% of its water volume; only the water loss through evaporation and drum filter back flushing has to be replaced. To compensate for this water deficit, the MBR treats domestic wastewater for further reuse. Additionally, excess purified water is used for irrigating a variety of local vegetables and could also be used in FPPs. The pilot-scale MBR plant with around 6 m2 submerged commercial polyethersulfone (PES) membranes provides treated water in basic agreement with Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) standards for irrigation and aquaculture, showing no adverse effects on tilapia fingerlings production. A novel membrane module with a low-fouling coating is operating stably but has not yet shown improved performance compared to the commercial one. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2020;16:942–954. © 2020 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC)
The impact of acute stress disorder on gallbladder interstitial cells of Cajal
Authors: Huang Zhen‐peng , Qiu Hu , Wang Ke , Chao Wei‐bo , Zhu Hao‐bin , Chen Hang , Liu Yue , Yu Bao‐ping 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPhysical and psychological stress exerts a substantial effect on gastrointestinal motility disorders, where trauma enhances symptoms of digestive dysfunction. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) act as pacemakers for gastrointestinal motility regulation and are likely important in stress‐associated gastrointestinal motility disorders. This study explored the mechanisms underlying gallbladder ICCs function under acute stress conditions using a rabbit chest puncture and cholecystectomy model. The stem cell factor (SCF)/c‐kit pathway is essential for the development of ICCs, and gene expression was investigated to identify stress‐induced transcriptional alterations. Immunohistochemistry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assays were used to determine ICCs apoptosis, whereas western blot analysis and reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to detect changes in the SCF/c‐kit signaling pathway. These methods revealed a reduction in ICCs via apoptosis following stress, and ICCs increased over time after stressor removal. Therefore, this study demonstrates the impact of stress on ICCs development and survival and further confirms the link between stress and gastrointestinal motility.
Long intergenic noncoding RNA 00844 promotes apoptosis and represses proliferation of prostate cancer cells through upregulating GSTP1 by recruiting EBF1
Authors: Qiu Kaiyan , Zheng Zhixiong , Huang Yingfu 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAccumulating evidence have suggested the function of long noncoding RNAs as crucial players in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PC), a urologic tumor in male with poor prognosis. This study was designed to explore the functions of long intergenic noncoding RNA 00844 (LINC00844) in PC progression. The expression of LINC00844 and glutathione S‐transferase P1‐1 (GSTP1) was detected by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, followed by the identification of the relationship among LINC00844, GSTP1, and early B cell factor 1 (EBF1) by dual luciferase reporter gene assay, RNA immunoprecipitation assay, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Using loss‐ and gain‐of‐function assays, the effects of LINC00844, GSTP1, and EBF1 on the biological characteristics of PC cells were assessed by cell counting kit‐8 assay, 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine assay, and flow cytometry. Lastly, the results from in vitro experiments were verified in vivo by establishing a xenograft tumor model in nude mice. LINC00844 and GSTP1 both displayed low expression in PC tissues and cells. LINC00844 positively regulated the expression of GSTP1 via recruiting EBF1. Overexpression of LINC00844 reduced proliferation and elevated apoptosis of PC cells through recruiting EBF1, which subsequently upregulated GSTP1. In vivo experiments confirmed that LINC00844 or GSTP1 upregulation attenuated tumor growth. LINC00844 elevated GSTP1 expression by recruiting EBF1 to the promoter region of GSTP1, thereby suppressing PC progression. Hence, LINC00844 is a novel therapeutic target for the development of new treatment protocols for PC.
Nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 and 2 are required for vertebral homeostasis
Authors: Canalis Ernesto , Schilling Lauren , Eller Tabitha , Yu Jungeun 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe present study defines the function of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)c1 and NFATc2 in osteoblast function in vivo and in vitro. Nfatc1loxP/loxP, Nfatc2loxP/loxP, and Nfatc1loxP/loxP;Nfatc2loxP/loxP conditional mice were mated with BGLAP‐Cre transgenics to inactivate Nfatc1 and Nfatc2 singly and in combination in osteoblasts. Microcomputed tomography demonstrated that male and female conditionally inactivated Nfatc1, Nfatc2 and dual Nfatc1;Nfatc2 mice had osteopenia at Lumbar 3 (L3) sites when compared to littermate controls. However, the Nfatc1 and Nfatc2 inactivation singly and in combination in Bglap‐expressing osteoblasts did not result in an appreciable phenotype at femoral sites. Bone histomorphometry of L3 confirmed the osteopenic phenotype and demonstrated that Nfatc1;Nfatc2 inactivated male mice had a significant decrease in osteoblast number and in osteoblast surface and osteoid surface. The dual downregulation of Nfatc1 and Nfatc2 in bone marrow stromal cells caused a decrease in Alpl and Bglap expression, confirming a role of these transcription factors in osteoblast function. In conclusion, our studies reveal that NFATc1 and NFATc2 are necessary for optimal vertebral, but not femoral, bone homeostasis in vivo and osteoblast differentiation in vitro.
Ano6 disruption impairs acinar cell regulatory volume decrease and protein secretion in murine submandibular salivary glands
Authors: Munemasa Takashi , Gao Xin , Melvin James E. , Mukaibo Taro 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe widely expressed Anoctamin 6 (Ano6) supports different Ca2+‐dependent functions, but little is known about its role in salivary glands. Mouse submandibular gland (SMG) acinar cells exhibited a robust regulatory volume decrease (RVD) following cell swelling that was reduced approximately 70% in Ano6–/– mice. Ca2+‐free conditions nearly eliminated the RVD response suggesting that Ano6 is an obligatory component of the cell volume‐activated, Ca2+‐dependent RVD pathway in salivary gland acinar cells. Ex vivo agonist‐stimulated secretion of water and ions was unaffected by Ano6 disruption under both isotonic and hypotonic conditions suggesting that Ano6 does not play a major role in fluid and electrolyte secretion. In contrast, the total amount of β‐adrenergic‐dependent protein secretion by the SMG was significantly reduced in Ano6–/– mice. Closer inspection of these latter results revealed that protein secretion was affected only in the female SMG by Ano6 disruption. These results indicate that Ano6 modulates the RVD response and protein secretion by salivary gland acinar cells.
Association of C‐reactive protein (CRP) rs1205 and rs2808630 variants and risk of cancer
Authors: Pan Hai‐Yan , Mi Yuan‐Yuan , Xu Kai , Zhang Ze , Wu Hao , Zhang Wei , Yuan Wei , Shi Li , Zhang Li‐Feng , Zhu Li‐Jie , Zuo Li 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe correlation between rs1205, rs2808630 variants of C‐reactive protein (CRP) gene and susceptibility of cancer has been assessed previously, but with conflicting results. We adopted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), in silico tools and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis to evaluate this association. Totally, 10,614 cancer subjects and 33,294 controls were involved in the pooled analysis. When all the studies were pooled, no significant correlation was indicated between the two variants and cancer risk. However, in stratification analysis by ethnicity, we found that CRP rs1205 C>T polymorphism was associated with an elevated risk of cancer in Asians (T‐allele vs. C‐allele, OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.06–1.36, pheterogeneity = .226; TT vs. CC, OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.14–1.93, pheterogeneity = .089). Similar findings were observed for rs2808630 variant. In silico tools showed that lung adenocarcinoma participants with high CRP expression may have shorter overall survival time than low expression group. ELISA analysis indicated that CRP expression in prostate adenocarcinoma subjects with TT + TC genotypes was statistically higher than in those with CC genotypes. CRP rs1205 C>T and rs2808630 T>C polymorphism may be associated with cancer risk, especially for Asians.