bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteome Multimarker Panel With Multiple Reaction Monitoring–Mass Spectrometry for Early Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Yeo Injoon , Kim Gi‐Ae , Kim Hyunsoo , Lee Ji Hyeon , Sohn Areum , Gwak Geum‐Youn , Lee Jeong‐Hoon , Lim Young‐Suk , Kim Youngsoo 
Published: March 2020

There is an urgent need for new biomarkers that address the shortcomings of current screening methods which fail to detect a large proportion of cases with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at early stage. To develop a robust, multiple‐biomarker panel based on multiple reaction monitoring–mass spectrometry with high performance in detecting early‐stage HCC within at‐risk populations. In the discovery set, 150 samples were analyzed to identify candidate biomarkers. The resulting list of candidates was tested in the training set (713 samples) to establish a multimarker panel, which was evaluated in the validation set (305 samples). We identified 385 serum HCC biomarker candidates in the discovery set and developed a multimarker panel consisting of 28 peptides that best differentiated HCC from controls. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of multimarker panel was significantly higher than alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) in the training (0.976 vs. 0.804; P < 0.001) and validation (0.898 vs. 0.778; P < 0.001) sets. In the validation set, this multimarker panel, compared with AFP, showed significantly greater sensitivity (81.1% vs. 26.8%; P < 0.001) and lower specificity (84.8% vs. 98.8%; P < 0.001) in detecting HCC cases. Combining AFP with the multimarker panel did not significantly improve the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve compared with the panel alone in the training (0.981 vs. 0.976; P = 0.37) and validation set (0.906 vs. 0.898; P = 0.75). Conclusion: The multiple reaction monitoring–mass spectrometry multimarker panel consisting of 28 peptides discriminates HCC cases from at‐risk controls with high performance and may have potential for clinical application in HCC surveillance.
Benzo[a]pyrene at human blood equivalent level induces human lung epithelial cell invasion and migration via aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling
Authors: Gao Han , Ye Guozhu , Lin Yi , Chi Yulang , Dong Sijun 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBenzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a typical carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, exists worldwide in vehicle exhaust, cigarette smoke and other polluted environments. Recent studies have demonstrated a strong association between B[a]P and lung cancer. However, whether B[a]P at human blood equivalent level can promote epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), a crucial molecular event during cell malignant transformation, remains unclear. Besides, whether B[a]P facilitates this progress via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway also lacks scientific evidence. In our study, the transwell assay showed that 5 μg/L of B[a]P promoted BEAS‐2B cell invasion and migration. In addition, the mRNA and protein expression levels of AhR and its target genes involved in B[a]P metabolism, such as AhR nuclear translocator, heat shock protein 90 and CYP1A1, were significantly increased by B[a]P exposure. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of downstream regulatory factors related to both AhR signaling pathway and EMT, such as NRF2, K‐RAS and hypoxia‐inducible factor 1‐alpha, were significantly increased. Furthermore, the expression level of the epithelial marker E‐cadherin was significantly downregulated, while the mRNA expression of mesenchymal phenotype markers, N‐cadherin, fibronectin and vimentin, were significantly upregulated. Notably, the above changes induced by B[a]P were significantly attenuated or even stopped by resveratrol (RSV), a natural phenol, also an AhR inhibitor, when the AhR signaling pathway was inhibited by RSV, demonstrating the regulatory role of AhR signaling pathway in B[a]P‐induced EMT. In conclusion, B[a]P at the human blood equivalent level induces BEAS‐2B cell invasion and migration through the AhR signaling pathway.
Performance evaluation of the DAAN HCV assay for quantification of hepatitis C virus RNA and its comparison with COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HCV Quantitative Test, v2.0
Authors: He Yuting , Wang Yichong , Chen Xuefang , Huang Hao , Deng Jiankai , Chen Peisong , Bin Huang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe Daan HCV RNA quantitative assay was a recently developed kit with high sensitivity for the detection of HCV RNA. We aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of the Daan HCV RNA quantitative assay and compare it with the COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HCV Quantitative Test, v2.0.MethodWHO HCV RNA standard, NIBSC 06/102 standard, and CLSI EP documents were used to evaluate the precision, accuracy, linearity, anti‐interference ability, and cross‐reactivity of the Daan HCV RNA quantitative assay. Overall 198 clinical serum specimens were used to make comparison between the Daan HCV RNA quantitative assay and the Roche Cobas test.ResultsThe within‐run precision (Swithin), and total precision (Stotal) for 6.11 log IU/mL, 4.22 log IU/mL, and 2.32 log IU/mL HCV RNA were 0.13 and 0.15, 0.07 and 0.09, and 0.11 and 0.10, respectively. The linear range was 20‐108 IU/mL, and the limit of detection was 15 IU/mL. It did not display any interference with commonly encountered conditions and cross‐reactivity with some common virus. A good agreement was observed between the Daan HCV RNA quantitative assay and the Roche Cobas test.ConclusionThe Daan HCV RNA quantitative assay has shown satisfactory performances and excellent agreement with COBAS HCV Quantitative Test on clinical specimens with lower cost, which provides an alternative choice for the diagnosis and monitoring of HCV infection in developing countries.
Synthesis and antidiabetic activity of novel triazole derivatives containing amino acids
Authors: Mohamed Mounir A. A. , Abd Allah Omyma A. , Bekhit Adnan A. , Kadry Asmaa M. , El‐Saghier Ahmed M. M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNew series of triazole derivatives coupled with amino acids 1a‐h were obtained via multicomponent reaction of 2‐hydroxy benzaldehyde or 2‐hydroxy acetophenone with thiosemicarbazide and different amino acids. The obtained compounds were reacted with p‐toluinesulfonyl chloride 2 to give the corresponding sulfonamides 3a‐h. Compound 1b was allowed to react with different aromatic aldehydes or cyclic ketone under alkaline conditions to afford the expected imino compounds 4a‐d and 6a‐c, respectively. These compounds were allowed to react with ethyl glycolate to yield the expected thiazolidinone derivatives 5a‐d or 7a‐c, respectively. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds were found to be in accordance with their elemental analyses and spectral data. The obtained compounds exhibited very prominent in vitro and in vivo antihyperglycemic effect at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight compared to the standard drug gliclazide and control. The antidiabetic effect was investigated using oral glucose tolerance test in normal and non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in STZ‐rat model. Compounds 3a‐h, 5b, 5c, 5d, 7a, 7b, and 7c showed significant activity in lowering blood glucose (more than 80%) compared to the NIDDM control.
Vibrational spectroscopy and chemometrics for quantifying key bioactive components of various plum cultivars grown in New Zealand
Authors: McIntyre Samantha M. , Ma Qianli , Burritt David J. , Oey Indrawati , Gordon Keith C. , Fraser‐Miller Sara J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRaman, near‐infrared, and mid‐infrared (MIR) spectroscopic techniques were evaluated for the potential to non‐destructively quantify bioactive compounds in commercially grown New Zealand plums. These spectroscopic data sets were qualitatively assessed using principal component analysis where groupings based on the cultivar and growing location were observed. The different techniques separated based on different compositional differences. Four cultivars grown in two different growing locations were assessed for total anthocyanin content, vitamin C content, phenolic content, and total antioxidant capacity. These parameters (measured using traditional methods) were correlated to the spectroscopic data using partial least squares regression and support vector machine (SVM) classification where appropriate. Raman and MIR showed the most promise for quantifying vitamin C content, and Raman showed the most promise for quantifying anthocyanin content. Some parameters were better suited to classification, and in this regard, Raman spectroscopy provided a robust method for classifying growing location and MIR for cultivar classification.
Metabolites response to onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) infection in ‘Rossa di Tropea’ onion during storage: a 1H HR‐MAS NMR study
Authors: Taglienti Anna , Tiberini Antonio , Ciampa Alessandra , Piscopo Amalia , Zappia Angela , Tomassoli Laura , Poiana Marco , Dell'Abate Maria Teresa 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDPlant viral infections induce changes in metabolic components in the host plant, with potential effects on compositional, organoleptic and storability features of agricultural products. Identification of modulated metabolites may provide clues concerning pathways implementing responses in plant–pathogen interactions. A time course study of metabolic fingerprinting of onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV)‐infected versus healthy ‘Rossa di Tropea’ onion bulbs was performed using proton high‐resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (1H HR‐MAS NMR) and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), providing an overview of the metabolic state of the bulb in response to OYDV infection during storage.RESULTSMetabolites accumulated/depleted upon infection were identified, belonging to flavonoid, saccharide, amino acid and organic acid classes. A decrease in quercetin glucosides content and antioxidant activity was observed in infected bulbs; some amino acids (Arg, Asn, Phe, Val) accumulated, while others were depleted (Leu); for some metabolites, a bimodal time‐course was observed during storage (Glc, Lys). Virus interference on metabolic pathways, and the effects of the metabolic shift on edible product storability, organoleptic and nutritional quality were discussed.CONCLUSIONSOYDV infection induces a metabolic shift in ‘Rossa di Tropea’ onion during bulb storage, involving several pathways and affecting storability and organoleptic and nutritional quality of bulbs at marketable stage. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
A broadband class‐F/J hybrid power amplifier
Authors: Liu Guohua , Guo Cantianci , Cheng Zhiqun , Zhang Zhiwei , Zhou Guoxiang , Zhao Wenlai 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis article proposes a new broadband high‐efficiency hybrid power amplifier (PA) design methodology that combines a class‐J PA with a class‐F PA using GaN HEMT CGH40010F. Multifrequency harmonic control method is employed to achieve harmonic matching network for increasing the bandwidth of the PA. In order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a 1 to 2.8 GHz broadband class F/J PA is designed and fabricated. The simulation and measurement results show that the saturated output power is 40 to 42 dBm, the gain is over 10 dB and the drain efficiency is 65% to 71% at the frequency of 1 to 2.8 GHz.
Measuring vertical soil water content profiles by combining horizontal borehole and dispersive surface ground penetrating radar data
Authors: Yu Yi , Klotzsche Anja , Weihermüller Lutz , Huisman Johan Alexander , Vanderborght Jan , Vereecken Harry , van der Kruk Jan 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTTo investigate transient dynamics of soil water redistribution during infiltration, we conducted horizontal borehole and surface ground penetrating radar measurements during a 4‐day infiltration experiment at the rhizontron facility in Selhausen, Germany. Zero‐offset ground penetrating radar profiling in horizontal boreholes was used to obtain soil water content information at specific depths (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.2 m). However, horizontal borehole ground penetrating radar measurements do not provide accurate soil water content estimates of the top soil (0–0.1 m depth) because of interference between direct and critically refracted waves. Therefore, surface ground penetrating radar data were additionally acquired to estimate soil water content of the top soil. Due to the generation of electromagnetic waveguides in the top soil caused by infiltration, a strong dispersion in the ground penetrating radar data was observed in 500 MHz surface ground penetrating radar data. A dispersion inversion was thus performed with these surface ground penetrating radar data to obtain soil water content information for the top 0.1 m of the soil. By combining the complementary borehole and surface ground penetrating radar data, vertical soil water content profiles were obtained, which were used to investigate vertical soil water redistribution. Reasonable consistency was found between the ground penetrating radar results and independent soil water content data derived from time domain reflectometry measurements. Because of the improved spatial representativeness of the ground penetrating radar measurements, the soil water content profiles obtained by ground penetrating radar better matched the known water storage changes during the infiltration experiment. It was concluded that the combined use of borehole and surface ground penetrating radar data convincingly revealed spatiotemporal soil water content variation during infiltration. In addition, this setup allowed a better quantification of water storage, which is a prerequisite for future applications, where, for example, the soil hydraulic properties will be estimated from ground penetrating radar data.
Transdimensional and Hamiltonian Monte Carlo inversions of Rayleigh‐wave dispersion curves: a comparison on synthetic datasets
Authors: Aleardi Mattia , Salusti Alessandro , Pierini Silvio 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTWe compare two Monte Carlo inversions that aim to solve some of the main problems of dispersion curve inversion: deriving reliable uncertainty appraisals, determining the optimal model parameterization and avoiding entrapment in local minima of the misfit function. The first method is a transdimensional Markov chain Monte Carlo that considers as unknowns the number of model parameters, that is the locations of layer boundaries together with theVsand theVp/Vsratio of each layer. A reversible‐jump Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm is used to sample the variable‐dimension model space, while the adoption of a parallel tempering strategy and of a delayed rejection updating scheme improves the efficiency of the probabilistic sampling. The second approach is a Hamiltonian Monte Carlo inversion that considers theVs, theVp/Vsratio and the thickness of each layer as unknowns, whereas the best model parameterization (number of layer) is determined by applying standard statistical tools to the outcomes of different inversions running with different model dimensionalities. This work has a mainly didactic perspective and, for this reason, we focus on synthetic examples in which only the fundamental mode is inverted. We perform what we call semi‐analytical and seismic inversion tests on 1D subsurface models. In the first case, the dispersion curves are directly computed from the considered model making use of the Haskell–Thomson method, while in the second case they are extracted from synthetic shot gathers. To validate the inversion outcomes, we analyse the estimated posterior models and we also perform a sensitivity analysis in which we compute the model resolution matrices, posterior covariance matrices and correlation matrices from the ensembles of sampled models. Our tests demonstrate that major benefit of the transdimensional inversion is its capability of providing a parsimonious solution that automatically adjusts the model dimensionality. The downside of this approach is that many models must be sampled to guarantee accurate posterior uncertainty. Differently, less sampled models are required by the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo algorithm, but its limits are the computational effort related to the Jacobian computation, and the multiple inversion runs needed to determine the optimal model parameterization.
New Energetic Ionic Derivatives of Symmetric 4,6‐Dihydrazinium‐1,3,5‐Triazine‐2‐One Cation with Low Impact and Friction Sensitivities
Authors: Wu Bo , Duan Xiaohui , Qi Xiufang , Zhou Decai , Wei Jingshu , Pei Chonghua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA facile synthetic protocol was developed to synthesize unique energetic salts based on 4,6‐dihydrazino‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2‐one in good to high yield from commercial sources. The process was found to be practical and easily scalable. The resulting energetic compounds show good to excellent thermal stability with decomposition temperatures ranging from 180 °C to 331 °C. They possess low sensitivity to impact and friction (IS>20 J, FS>360 N), as well as positive enthalpy of formation (148.9∼1381.7 kJ mol−1). Their detonation velocity (VD) values locate between 8301 m s−1 and 9282 m s−1, and detonation pressure (P) values range from 26.1 GPa to 37.2 GPa, in some cases, which are comparable to those of HMX. From the view of sensitivity and energy level, some of the energetic compounds prepared in this work exhibit potential as insensitive excellent performance energetic materials.
Quantum chemical modeling of molecules under pressure
Authors: Stauch Tim 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPressure can be used to initiate a plethora of intriguing transformations and chemical reactions. During the past 10 years or so, several quantum chemical methods have been developed that describe the structural and electronic changes in molecules under pressure. This perspective focuses on three of these methods: the extreme pressure polarizable continuum model, the generalized force‐modified potential energy surface, and the hydrostatic compression force field approach. The theoretical background of each method is discussed, and several interesting applications are reviewed. The challenges that the field faces, as well as possible routes for future developments, are pointed out.
Allelic ladder production for a 10 locus Y‐chromosome DNA profiling system
Authors: Kasu Mohaimin , Fraser Mischa , Lesaoana Mpasi , D'Amato Maria Eugenia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe allelic ladder component of genotyping systems is of utmost importance for accurate allele designation and sizing precision quality assurances by capillary electrophoresis. The production process for ladders also demands adherence to specific technical criteria in order to pass as a reliable profiling system. The conventional methodology for ladder production includes allele isolation by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis purification followed by amplification of each allele isolate using the polymerase chain reaction. Alternatively, the allele cloning approach has long been promoted as being less labor intensive, higher throughput, and more suitable for long‐term storage of the allele isolates. In this study, we present a workflow to produce a short tandem repeat allelic ladder using a cloning approach. We identified the key factors that may impact the quality of the ladder and provide recommendations to resolve these challenges. In this study, 143 alleles from 10 Y‐chromosome short tandem repeat loci were cloned and amplified individually from plasmid extracts. Amplicons were assessed using quality assurance criteria for selection of polymerase chain reaction products and dilution factors to produce, first, a balanced ladder for each locus, and then a final ladder compiled from each individual locus ladder. The final product was suitable for forensic applications.
Glyburide attenuates ozone‐induced pulmonary inflammation and injury by blocking the NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Shao Hua , Huang Li , Duan Shuyin , Gao Min , Zhu Jiacheng , Chen Xiaohui , Zhu Yajuan , Wang Wenhan , Yang Zengwen , Wang Xinyu , Wang Zhen , Wang Zhimin , Ba Yue , Zhang Ruiqin , Li Chunyang , Zhang Qiao , Wang Jing , Liu Hong , Wu Weidong , Feng Feifei 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGlyburide is a classic antidiabetic drug that is dominant in inflammation regulation, but its specific role in ozone‐induced lung inflammation and injury remains unclear. In order to investigate whether glyburide prevents ozone‐induced pulmonary inflammation and its mechanism, C57BL/6 mice were intratracheally pre‐instilled with glyburide or the vehicle 1 hour before ozone (1 ppm, 3 hours) or filtered air exposure. After 24 hours, the total inflammatory cells and total protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected. The pathological alternations in lung tissues were evaluated by HE staining. The expression of NLRP3, interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and IL‐18 protein in lung tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. Western blotting was used to examine the levels of caspase‐1 p10 and active IL‐1β protein. Levels of IL‐1β and IL‐18 in BALF were measured using ELISA kits. Glyburide treatment decreased the total cells in BALF, the inflammatory score, and the mean linear intercept induced by ozone in lung tissues. In addition, glyburide inhibited the expression of NLRP3, IL‐18, and IL‐1β protein in lung tissues, and also suppressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation, including caspase‐1 p10, active IL‐1β protein in lung tissues, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 in BALF. These results demonstrate that glyburide effectively attenuates ozone‐induced pulmonary inflammation and injury via blocking the NLRP3 inflammasome.
3 Assessing inequality using labour income
Authors: Gomis Roger , Kapsos Steven 
Published: March 2020

This chapter focuses on the implications for inequality of recent ILO estimates of the labour income share and distribution. Using household surveys for 95 countries, mainly from the ILO Harmonized Microdata collection, we estimate the labour income of the self‐employed to produce an internationally comparable labour income share dataset. Furthermore, we use the same methodology to obtain the first‐ever estimates of the labour income distribution. The labour income distribution estimates complement the two main data sources used until now to study inequality: expenditure distribution and total income distribution. Crucially, labour income distribution data have a reasonable coverage for all country income groups, unlike other data sources that are characterized by undercoverage for either lower‐income countries (regarding data on total income) or higher‐income countries (regarding data on expenditure).The estimates show that the global labour income share declined substantially between 2004 and 2017. In high‐income countries, the decline in the labour share is driven largely by decreases in the average labour income of the self‐employed. This is consistent with a scenario in which new forms of work erode the earning power of the self‐employed. Focusing on income inequality, the use of the labour income distribution as a proxy for the total income distribution is found to be a more reliable proxy than the commonly used expenditure distribution data. Moreover, the estimates suggest that the use of expenditure as a proxy of income have led earlier studies to underestimate total income inequality severely in less developed countries. Hence, global income inequality is likely to be much higher than previously assumed.