bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The cumulative blood pressure load and target organ damage in patients with essential hypertension
Authors: Zhou Bingqing , Li Chuanwei , Shou Jialing , Zhang Yu , Wen Chunlan , Zeng Chunyu 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe area under the blood pressure curve is associated with target organ damage, but accurately estimating its value is challenging. This study aimed to improve the utility of the area under the blood pressure curve to predict hypertensive target organ damage. This retrospective cohort study comprised of 634 consecutive patients with essential hypertension for >1 year. Target organ damage was defined as the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy and/or carotid artery plaques. We evaluated the associations between the cumulative blood pressure load, which was derived from ambulatory blood pressure monitoring data, and target organ damage. The predictive value of the cumulative blood pressure load for target organ damage was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves. Left ventricular hypertrophy and carotid artery plaques were present in 392 (61.8%) and 316 (49.8%) patients, respectively. Patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and/or carotid artery plaques had higher 24‐hour blood pressure, nocturnal cumulative systolic blood pressure, and nocturnal cumulative pulse pressure load. The nocturnal cumulative systolic blood pressure load was an independent predictor of left ventricular hypertrophy (odds ratio = 1.002, 95% confidence interval: 1.001‐1.004; P = .000) and carotid artery plaques (odds ratio = 1.003, 95% confidence interval: 1.002‐1.007; P = .007). The nocturnal cumulative systolic blood pressure and cumulative pulse pressure load, relative to mean blood pressure, were superior in predicting hypertensive target organ damage. Hence, the cumulative blood pressure load is a better indicator of blood pressure consequences, and the nocturnal cumulative systolic blood pressure and cumulative pulse pressure loads could predict target organ damage.
Impaired nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism in diabetes and diabetic tissues: Implications for nicotinamide‐related compound treatment
Authors: Fan Lan , Cacicedo Jose M. , Ido Yasuo 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOne of the biochemical abnormalities found in diabetic tissues is a decrease in the cytosolic oxidized to reduced forms of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ratio (NAD+/NADH also known as pseudohypoxia) caused by oxidation of excessive substrates (glucose through the polyol pathway, free fatty acids and lactate). Subsequently, a decline in NAD+ levels as a result of the activation of poly adenine nucleotide diphosphate‐ribose polymerase (mainly in type 1 diabetes) or the inhibition of adenine nucleotide monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (in type 2 diabetes). Thus, replenishment of NAD+ levels by nicotinamide‐related compounds could be beneficial. However, these compounds also increase nicotinamide catabolites that cause oxidative stress. This is particularly troublesome for patients with diabetes, because they have impaired nicotinamide salvage pathway reactions at the level of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate, which occurs by the following mechanisms. First, phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthesis from pentose phosphate pathway is compromised by a decrease in plasma thiamine and transketolase activity. Second, nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase expression is decreased because of reduced adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase activity, which occurs in type 2 diabetes. The adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase inhibition is caused by an activation of protein kinase C and D1 as a result of enhanced diacylglycerol synthesis caused by pseudohypoxia and increased fatty acids levels. In this regard, nicotinamide‐related compounds should be given with caution to treat diabetes. To minimize the risk and maximize the benefit, nicotinamide‐related compounds should be taken with insulin sensitizers (for type 2 diabetes), polyphenols, benfotiamine, acetyl‐L‐carnitine and aldose reductase inhibitors. The efficacy of these regimens can be monitored by measuring serum NAD+ and urinary nicotinamide catabolites.
Secukinumab treatment leads to normalization of quality of life and disease symptoms in psoriasis patients with or without prior systemic psoriasis therapy: the PROSE study results
Authors: Augustin M. , Dauden E. , Mrowietz U. , Konstantinou M.P. , Gerdes S. , Kingo K. , Szepietowski J.C. , Perrot J.L. , Cuccia A. , Rissler M. , Gathmann S. , Sieder C. , Orsenigo R. , Jagiello P. , Bachhuber T. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionPsoriatic disease is associated with considerable impairment of quality of life (QoL). The PROSE study (NCT02752776) investigated the impact of secukinumab treatment on patient‐reported outcomes (PRO) in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis stratified by their treatment history.MethodsPROSE was a prospective, non‐randomised, multicentre study. Patients were categorized at baseline according to treatment history as naïve [naïve to any systemic therapy (N = 663)], conventional systemic [previously exposed to ≥1 conventional systemic (CS) therapy (N = 673)] and biologics [previously exposed to ≥1 biologic therapy (N = 324)]. QoL PROs, efficacy and safety of secukinumab 300 mg were assessed for a period of 52 weeks.ResultsThe primary objective was met with 70.8% patients achieving a Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) 0/1 response at Week 16 (naϊve, 74.7%; CS, 71.3%; biologic, 61.7%), with effects sustained up to Week 52. Mean Family DLQI (FDLQI) score decreased from 11.5 at baseline (naϊve, 11.3; CS, 11.4; biologic, 12.1) to 2.5 at Week 16 (naϊve, 2.5; CS, 2.3; biologic: 3.5). Substantial improvements in EuroQoL 5‐Dimension Health Questionnaire, Numeric Rating Scale for pain, itching and scaling, Health Assessment Questionnaire‐Disability Index, Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication, and Patient Benefit Index were also observed at Week 16. The QoL gains were associated with substantial improvements in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index and Investigator Global Assessment mod 2011 0/1 response. No meaningful difference was observed in the efficacy or QoL improvements across patient subpopulations. All QoL and efficacy parameter improvements were sustained up to Week 52. Secukinumab treatment was well‐tolerated, and no new safety signals were observed.ConclusionSecukinumab treatment resulted in complete normalization of QoL in a substantial proportion of psoriasis patients, and their families, regardless of their prior treatment history.
A propensity score weighted comparison of vedolizumab and adalimumab in Crohn's disease
Authors: Macaluso Fabio Salvatore , Ventimiglia Marco , Fries Walter , Viola Anna , Sitibondo Aldo , Cappello Maria , Scrivo Barbara , Busacca Anita , Privitera Antonino Carlo , Camilleri Salvatore , Garufi Serena , Di Mitri Roberto , Mocciaro Filippo , Belluardo Nunzio , Giangreco Emiliano , Bertolami Carmelo , Renna Sara , Orlando Rosalba , Rizzuto Giulia , Cottone Mario , Orlando Ambrogio ,   Sicilian Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (SN‐IBD)
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackground and AimThere are no head‐to‐head randomized controlled trials between biologics in Crohn's disease (CD). We aimed to perform a multicenter, real‐life comparison of the effectiveness of vedolizumab (VDZ) and adalimumab (ADA) in CD.MethodsData of consecutive patients with CD treated with VDZ and ADA from January 2016 to April 2019 were extracted from the cohort of the Sicilian Network for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. The effectiveness was evaluated at 12, 52 weeks, and as failure‐free survival at the end of follow up. Propensity score analysis was performed using the inverse probability of treatment weighting method.ResultsFive hundred eighty‐five treatments (VDZ: n = 277; ADA: n = 308) were included (median follow‐up: 56.0 weeks). After 12 weeks, a clinical response was achieved in 64.3% patients treated with VDZ and in 83.1% patients treated with ADA (odds ratio [OR] 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38–1.10, P = 0.107), while at 52 weeks, a clinical response was observed in 54.0% patients treated with VDZ and in 69.1% patients treated with ADA (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.45–1.31, P = 0.336). Cox survival analysis weighted for propensity score showed no significant difference in the probability of failure‐free survival between the two drugs (hazard ratio = 1.20, 95% CI 0.83–1.74, P = 0.340). Post‐treatment endoscopic response and mucosal healing rates were similar between the two groups (endoscopic response: 35.3% for VDZ and 25.5% for ADA, P = 0.15; mucosal healing: 31.8% for VDZ and 33.8% for ADA, P = 0.85).ConclusionsIn the first study comparing VDZ and ADA in CD via propensity score analysis, the drugs showed comparable effectiveness and a similar safety profile.
A Multimethod Improvement Project to Strengthen Intermittent Auscultation Practice Among Nurse‐Midwives and Nurses
Authors: Romano Amy M. , Buxton Margaret 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionIntermittent auscultation (IA) is an accepted standard of care for intrapartum fetal assessment for low‐risk individuals and is the exclusive method used to monitor fetal status in birth centers. However, there are conflicting national guidelines for practice and skill training. As a result, IA technique and skills vary across the perinatal care workforce, with many health care providers receiving no or minimal formal training. This article describes the design, implementation, and evaluation of a quality improvement program aimed at strengthening the IA skills of nurse‐midwives and nurses.ProcessThe project was implemented in a multisite network of freestanding birth centers and involved clinical practice guideline development, simulation‐based training, audit and feedback, in‐person training, and electronic health record configuration.OutcomesThe training resulted in self‐reported increases in knowledge in all areas assessed. The integrated quality improvement initiative resulted in substantial improvements in consistency of practice and documentation.DiscussionPolicy change was not sufficient to improve use of IA, a nuanced skill that many midwives and nurses have limited exposure to in basic education programs and hospital‐based clinical practice. Clinical improvement was possible when the policy change was accompanied by a comprehensive training and implementation strategy including interactive, simulation‐based learning, audit and feedback, and an electronic health record configuration that better reflected the documentation standards.
Sirtuin 3 is required for the protective effect of Resveratrol on Manganese‐induced disruption of mitochondrial biogenesis in primary cultured neurons
Authors: Sun Qian , Kang Run‐Run , Chen Kai‐Ge , Liu Kuan , Ma Zhuo , Liu Chang , Deng Yu , Liu Wei , Xu Bin 
Published: May 2020

AbstractChronic manganese (Mn) exposure can disturb mitochondrial homeostasis leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, which is involved in Mn‐induced neurodegenerative diseases. Resveratrol (RSV), as a promoter of mitochondrial biogenesis, plays a significant role against mitochondrial dysfunction. However, whether RSV can relieve Mn‐induced neuronal injury and mitochondrial dysfunction remains unknown. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a main mitochondrial sirtuin, is an important regulator of mitochondria to maintain mitochondrial homeostasis. Therefore, this study investigated whether SIRT3 was required for RSV alleviating Mn‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction in primary cultured neurons from C57BL/6 mice. Here, we showed that Mn (100 and 200 μM) exposure for 24 hr caused significant neuronal damage and mitochondrial dysfunction through increasing mitochondrial ROS, reducing mitochondrial membrane potential and adenosine triphosphate level, and leading to mitochondrial network fragmentation, which could be ameliorated by RSV pretreatment in primary cultured neurons. Additionally, our results also indicated that RSV could activate the SIRT1/PGC‐1α signaling pathway and alleviate Mn‐induced disruption of mitochondrial biogenesis by increasing SIRT1 expression and activity, enhancing deacetylation of PGC‐1α. Furthermore, SIRT3 over‐expression increased deacetylation of mitochondrial transcription factor A and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number. Oppositely, silencing SIRT3 increased acetylation of mitochondrial transcription factor A and decreased mtDNA copy number. Our results showed SIRT3 was required for the protective effect of RSV in mitochondrial biogenesis. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that RSV could ameliorate Mn‐induced neuronal injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in primary cultured neurons through activating the SIRT1/ PGC‐1α signaling pathway, and that SIRT3 is required for promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and attenuating Mn‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction.
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A peculiar adverse reaction to blue pigment tattoo
Authors: Tammaro Antonella , Magri Francesca , Chello Camilla , Sernicola Alvise , Luzi Fabiola , De Marco Gabriella , Raffa Salvatore 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe practice of tattooing dates back to 5000 years ago and is currently constantly growing. The most common pigment associated with tattoo complications is the red one. Another pigment, which could be associated with adverse reactions, even if less frequently than red, is blue. Traditionally, blue pigment contains cobalt, which causes allergic reactions. Here, we report a case of blue pigment granulomatous reaction in a 37‐year‐old male patient.
The Mismatch Between Mutual Fund Scale and Skill
Authors: SONG YANG 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTI demonstrate that skill and scale are mismatched among actively managed equity mutual funds. Many mutual fund investors confuse the effects of fund exposures to common systematic factors with managerial skill when allocating capital among funds. Active mutual funds with positive factor‐related past returns thus accumulate assets to the point that they significantly underperform. I also show that the negative aggregate benchmark‐adjusted performance of active equity mutual funds is driven mainly by these oversized funds.
Searching for valuable differentially expressed miRNAs in postmenopausal osteoporosis by RNA sequencing
Authors: Wang Randong , Lu Aiping , Liu Wangyan , Yue Juan , Sun Qiang , Chen Jiao , Luan Huijie , Zhai Yaling , Li Bing , Jiang Zhongcai , Li Yingnan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimPostmenopausal osteoporosis is a systemic and chronic bone disease in women. In order to understand the pathological mechanism of postmenopausal osteoporosis, we aimed to find the potential differentially expressed miRNAs in the disease.MethodsFirstly, RNA sequencing was used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs, followed by the construction of the miRNA–target mRNA regulatory network. Then, Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were used to analyze the biological function of target mRNAs. Finally, electronic validation of identified differentially expressed miRNAs and target mRNAs was performed.ResultsA total of 33 differentially expressed miRNAs (18 upregulated and 15 downregulated miRNAs) and 6820 miRNA–mRNA pairs were identified. Among which, seven miRNAs with high degree including hsa‐miR‐17‐5p, hsa‐miR‐1‐3p, hsa‐miR‐193b‐3p, hsa‐miR‐125b‐5p, hsa‐miR‐10b‐5p, hsa‐miR‐100‐5p and hsa‐miR‐30a‐3p were obtained in the miRNA–mRNA regulatory network. TGF‐beta was the most significantly enriched signaling pathway of target mRNAs. The electronic validation result of hsa‐miR‐1‐3p, hsa‐miR‐193b‐3p, hsa‐miR‐10b‐5p, hsa‐miR‐100‐5p, hsa‐miR‐133b, hsa‐miR‐708‐5p, CRK, RAB5C, CCND1 and PCYOX1 was consisted with the RNA sequencing analysis.ConclusionDysfunctional miRNAs may play significant roles in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Occlusal tactile acuity in temporomandibular disorder pain patients: A case‐control study
Authors: Bucci Rosaria , Koutris Michail , Palla Sandro , Sepúlveda Rebaudo Gabriela Fernanda , Lobbezoo Frank , Michelotti Ambra 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the smallest thickness that can be perceived between occluding teeth (occlusal tactile acuity, OTA) of temporomandibular disorder pain (TMD‐P) patients with that of control (CTR) individuals.MethodsTwenty TMD‐P patients (17 women and 3 men, mean age: 31.3 ± 10.4 years) diagnosed according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) protocol and 20 age‐ and gender‐matched controls (17 women and 3 men, mean age: 31.4 ± 10.5 years) were enrolled. The OTA was tested with 10 different thicknesses: 9 aluminium foils (8 µm‐72 µm with a constant increment of 8 µm) and 1 sham test (without foil), each thickness being tested 10 times in random order (100 tests in total). The participants were instructed to close their mouth once and to report whether they felt the foil between their molar teeth. A between‐group comparison (TMD‐P vs CTR) was performed for each testing thickness (analysis of variance for repeated measurements, with Bonferroni multiple correction) (P < .005).ResultsSignificantly increased OTA was observed in the TMD‐P group for the thicknesses between 8 µm and 40 µm, while no significant differences were found for the sham test and for the larger thicknesses tested (from 48 µm to 72 µm).ConclusionsTMD‐pain subjects presented an increased OTA as compared to controls.
Situational experience around the world: A replication and extension in 62 countries
Authors: Lee Daniel I. , Gardiner Gwendolyn , Baranski Erica ,   Members of the International Situations Project, Funder David C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe current study seeks to replicate and extend principal findings reported in The World at 7:00, a project that examined the psychological experience of situations in 20 countries.MethodData were collected from participants in 62 countries (N = 15,318), recruited from universities by local collaborators to complete the study via a custom‐built website using 42 languages.ResultsSeveral findings of the previous study were replicated. The average reported situational experience around the world was mildly positive. The same countries tended to be most alike in reported situational experience (r = .60) across the two studies, among the countries included in both. As in the previous study, the homogeneity of reported situational experience was significantly greater within than between countries, although the difference was small. The previously reported exploratory finding that negative aspects of situations varied more across countries than positive aspects did not replicate. Correlations between aspects of reported situational experience and country‐level average value scores, personality, and demographic variables were largely similar between the two studies.ConclusionThe findings underscore the importance of cross‐cultural situational research and the need to replicate its results, and highlight the complex interplay of culture and situational experience.
The inhibitory effects of shikonin and β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin on tramadol metabolism in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Jin Mi , Shi Dawei , Jin Hui , Zhou Ziye , Wang Chenxiang 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The objective of this study was to investigate the possible interaction of shikonin and β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin (DSK) with tramadol.

Methods
Human liver microsome (HLM) and rat liver microsome (RLM) incubation experiments were carried out to assess the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and inhibitory mechanism of shikonin and DSK on tramadol metabolism in vitro. And pharmacokinetics experiments containing low and high doses of shikonin and DSK were performed to confirm the inhibitory effects on tramadol metabolism in vivo.

Key findings
The IC50 of shikonin on tramadol metabolism was 5.66 ± 1.2 μmol/l in HLM and 3.35 ± 1.1 μmol/l in RLM, while that of DSK on tramadol metabolism was 14.33 ± 1.1 μmol/l in HLM and 8.24 ± 1.26 μmol/l in RLM. Moreover, shikonin and DSK showed non-competitive inhibition of the cytochrome P450 enzyme in both HLM and RLM. Oral administration of 10 and 30 mg/kg shikonin inhibited tramadol metabolism in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, a dose of 30 mg/kg DSK inhibited the metabolism of tramadol in rats, while the lower dose of 10 mg/kg showed no inhibitory effect.

Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that shikonin and DSK can inhibit tramadol metabolism both in vitro and in vivo.
Developing Special Education Advocates: What Changes during an Advocacy Training Program?
Authors: Goldman Samantha E. , Goscicki Brittney L. , Burke Meghan M. , Hodapp Robert M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundSpecial education advocacy trainings, such as the Volunteer Advocacy Project (VAP), have the goal of training advocates who can eventually support families in accessing needed services for students with disabilities. In addition to the training goal of increasing participants' special education knowledge and advocacy comfort, it is unknown if the VAP improves other participant outcomes related to later advocacy.Specific AimsIn this study, we asked: (1) Do VAP participants improve from pre‐ to post‐test on knowledge and advocacy comfort, as well as on role identity, involvement in the disability community, and empowerment?; (2) Do participants' roles and levels of education moderate improvements in these outcomes?; and (3) Do participants who are differentially higher or lower on any of these variables at the pre‐test show greater improvement from pre‐ to post‐test on one or all other variables?MethodParticipants included 70 graduates of the VAP from 2014 to 2016. These participants completed pre‐test and post‐test assessments with measures on: special education knowledge, advocacy comfort, role identity, involvement, and empowerment.FindingsResults showed significant change in knowledge, comfort, involvement, and empowerment from pre‐test to post‐test. Only level of education significantly moderated the change in role identity from pre‐test to post‐test, with those with high school education increasing their role identity compared to those with a college degree or more. Empowerment was closely related to pre‐test levels and to change scores for all other variables.DiscussionImplications for future research and practice are discussed, including the need to better understand moderators of treatment effect and mechanisms of change for advocacy trainings.
Taxon‐rich phylogeny and taxonomy of the genusPhacus(Euglenida) based on morphological and molecular data
Authors: Łukomska‐Kowalczyk Maja , Fells Alicja , Chaber Katarzyna , Milanowski Rafał , Zakryś Bożena 
Published: May 2020

Morphological and molecular features were analyzed for a species ofPhacusto better understand the phylogenetic relationships among them and establish the taxonomy. Phylogenetic analyses were based on nSSU rDNA and the research resulted in 55 new sequences. The study included species available in algal collections and those isolated directly from the environment in Poland and the Czech Republic. As a result, the obtained phylogenetic tree ofPhacusincludes 50 species, out of which 7 are represented on a tree for the first time (Phacus anacoelus, P. anomalus,P. curvicauda,P. elegans,P. lismorensis,P. minutusandP. stokesii) and many have been taxonomically verified. For all verified species, diagnostic descriptions were amended, the naming was reordered and epitypes were designated.