bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exposure‐Response Analysis to Assess the Concentration‐QTc Relationship of Psilocybin/Psilocin
Authors: Dahmane Elyes , Hutson Paul R. , Gobburu Jogarao V. S. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPsilocybin is being developed for treating major depressive disorder. Psilocybin is readily dephosphorylated to psilocin upon absorption. The potential for psilocin proarrhythmic effect was assessed using a concentration‐QTc interval (C‐QTc) analysis from an open‐label single ascending dose study of psilocybin. Psilocybin doses ranged from 0.3 to 0.6 mg/kg. This trial showed a significant but shallow C‐QTc relationship. At the clinical dose of 25 mg, the mean psilocin maximum concentration is 18.7 ng/mL, and the associated mean (upper 90% confidence interval of mean) QTcF change is 2.1 (6.6) milliseconds. Given the short half‐life of psilocin of about 4 hours, there would be no accumulation after monthly oral doses used in clinical trials. The upper limit of the 90% confidence interval of the model‐predicted mean ΔQTcF crossed 10 milliseconds at a psilocin concentration of 31.1 ng/mL. At a supraclinical psilocin maximum concentration of about 60 ng/mL, ΔQTcF remains low, with a mean (upper limit of the 90% confidence interval) of 9.1 (17.9) milliseconds. This analysis enabled the characterization of the C‐QTc relationship and prediction of QTc prolongation at the expected clinical and possible higher psilocybin doses.
Racializing misogyny: Sexuality and gender in the new online white nationalism
Authors: Bjork‐James Sophie 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis article asks how an anti‐racist, feminist anthropology can help us understand the expansion of the radical right, with a focus on the online white nationalist movement. It demonstrates how homophobia and anti‐feminism are two of many pathways into the online white nationalist movement. In effect, white nationalists work through online venues to racialize homophobia and anti‐feminism. They articulate a view of white racialization where gender and sexuality are central to ideas about biological and cultural superiority. Through tracing the linkages between gender, sexuality, and race in different ideations of the white nationalist movement, this article shows a continuity of these core ideas to white nationalism across different manifestations of the movement, even as the expression of them has changed. An aim of this article is to demonstrate the ways an anti‐racist, feminist anthropology provides tools to understand how concerns about gender animate this authoritarian movement.
Innovative Perfluoropolyether‐Functionalized Gas Diffusion Layers with Enhanced Performance in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Latorrata S. , Sansotera M. , Gola M. , Stampino P. Gallo , Navarrini W. , Dotelli G. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this work, perfluoropolyether (PFPE) functionalization was used as hydrophizing treatment for gas diffusion layers (GDLs) in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), instead of standard PTFE coatings, aiming to enhance the hydrophobicity of the gas diffusion media and to reduce the mass transfer limitations in the final device. Carbon cloth diffusion layers and carbon black were functionalized by decomposition of a PFPE peroxide. PFPE‐functionalized carbon black was employed in the preparation of an ink suitable for obtaining microporous layers (MPLs) by deposition onto macroporous backing layers. Dual‐layer gas diffusion media showing superhydrophobic behavior due to different hydrophobizing treatments were compared with conventional PTFE‐based materials, by testing in a single PEMFC working at two different temperatures and at low and high relative humidity conditions. Such tests demonstrated improved performances over conventional GDLs for pure PFPE‐based samples in terms of both overall electrical performance and reduced diffusive limitations in high current density conditions. The maximum output power achieved with the novel PFPE‐based compounds was 460 mW cm−2 at 80 °C and relative humidity (RH) 100% while the best improvement (10%) with respect to conventional GDLs was realized at 80 °C and RH 60%.
Mechanism of Soret‐Dufour, magnetohydrodynamics, heat and mass transfer flow with buoyancy force, and viscous dissipation effects
Authors: Ahmed Lukman O. , Falodun Bidemi O. , Abdulwaheed Jimoh 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis paper examined the mechanism of both positive and negative effects of Soret‐Dufour with heat and mass transfer processes over an accelerating permeable surface. The partial differential flow equations were simplified using similarity variables, and the resulting equations were solved numerically using the spectral homotopy analysis method (SHAM). The SHAM is used in separating nonlinear equations into linear and nonlinear. The physics of each pertinent flow parameters was used to examine their influence on velocity, temperature, and concentration fields. The effect of Soret‐Dufour was examined separately, and its negative effect was used to determine its influence on velocity, temperature, and concentration fields. The result revealed that positive Soret‐Dufour enhances the boundary layer, whereas negative Soret‐Dufour parameter decreases the boundary layer. The result presented in this paper is in good agreement with existing works in literature.
The impact of gossip valence on children's attitudes towards gossipers
Authors: Ruggiero Adrianna , Parolin Emily , Ma Lili 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis research explored children's attitudes towards gossipers in relation to gossip valence. Four‐ to 8‐year‐old children (N= 214) read three storybooks containing positive, neutral, or negative gossip statements. Following each book, children were interviewed on whom they viewed as nicer and more honest (ascription of desirable traits), whom they preferred to interact with (social preference), and whom they thought had more friends (perceived popularity), by choosing between a gossiper and a non‐gossiping character. The results indicated that overall, children held more favourable attitudes towards gossipers who made positive than negative or neutral statements about a target. This effect of gossip valence was more pronounced for 6‐ to 8‐year‐olds than for the younger children on the ascription of desirable traits. The findings will add to our understanding of how gossip serves as a source of social influence on children, and may have real‐world implications with regard to children's peer interactions in school context.HighlightsThis research explored children's attitudes toward gossipers in relation to gossip valence.Four‐ to 8‐year‐olds held more favorable attitudes toward gossipers who made positive than negative or neutral statements about a target.The findings may have real‐world implications with regard to children's social perception and peer interactions in school context.
Myoblast adhesion and proliferation on biodegradable polymer films with femtosecond laser‐fabricated micro through‐holes
Authors: Takayama Izumi , Kondo Naonari , Kalies Stefan , Heisterkamp Alexander , Terakawa Mitsuhiro 
Published: April 2020

AbstractControlling cell adhesion and cell differentiation is necessary to fabricate a tissue with arbitrary properties for tissue engineering applications. A substrate with a porous structure as a cell scaffold allows the diffusion of the cell culture medium through the scaffold. In this work, we show that the femtosecond laser fabricated micro through‐holes in biodegradable polymer films, enhance myoblast adhesion, and accelerates proliferation and differentiation. ChR2‐C2C12 and UT‐C2C12 cells were seeded on the films with micro through‐holes each fabricated by a single femtosecond laser pulse. Cell adhesion was enhanced on films with holes fabricated by laser irradiation. In addition, cell proliferation was accelerated on films with micro through‐holes that penetrate the film, compared to on films with micro craters that do not penetrate the film. On films with arrays consisting of micro through‐holes, cells aligned along the arrays and cell fusion was enhanced, indicating the acceleration of cell differentiation.
Analysis of lncRNA UCA1‐related downstream pathways and molecules of cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhou Huixin , Shen Qiang , Fu Jiali , Jiang Feng , Wang Liangxing , Wang Yumin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundTo analyze the lncRNA UCA1‐related downstream pathways and molecules of cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsWe constructed overexpression and siRNA vectors targeting UCA1 and TXNIP and then used next‐generation sequencing to compare the UCA1 overexpression and negative control from A549 cell.ResultsIt shown that 647 upregulated mRNAs and 633 downregulated differentially expressed mRNAs‐related UCA1, and the top ten upregulated mRNAs were CPD, AC007192.1, TGOLN2, LGR4, TFPI, CYP1B1, TOMM6, HLA‐B, SLC35F6, and TOP2A, and top ten downregulated mRNAs were TXNIP, SESN2, STC2, HSPA1A, MMP10, CHAC1, DNAJB1, AC004922.1, ATF3, and GABARAPL1. We found TXNIP mRNA expression level was the most significantly downexpressed mRNA. TXNIP mRNA expression level of LAD tissues was clearly lower than the adjacent tissues. UCA1 expression level of cisplatin insensitive group was markedly higher than that of cisplatin‐sensitive group, while TXNIP mRNA expression level of cisplatin insensitive group was clearly lower than that of cisplatin‐sensitive group. Compared to the BEAS‐2B, TXNIP mRNA expression level cut down in A549 and A549/DDP cell and that of A549/DDP cell was lower than A549 cell. After UCA1 overexpression, TXNIP mRNA obviously decreased, while proliferation ability and IC50 of A549 heightened. After knocking down UCA1, TXNIP mRNA was significantly increased, while proliferation ability and IC50 of A549/DDP lowered. PPI analysis result showed that TXNIP could interact with multiple proteins such as TXN, DDIT4, and NLRP3.ConclusionUCA1 promoted cisplatin resistance by downregulating TXNIP expression in LAD, and TXNIP could interact with multiple proteins. So, UCA1/TXNIP axis might affect cisplatin resistance in LAD.
Randomized, placebo‐controlled, phase 3 study of perifosine combined with bortezomib and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed, refractory multiple myeloma previously treated with bortezomib
Authors: Richardson Paul G. , Nagler Arnon , Ben‐Yehuda Dina , Badros Ashraf , Hari Parameswaran N. , Hajek Roman , Spicka Ivan , Kaya Hakan , LeBlanc Richard , Yoon Sung‐Soo , Kim Kihyun , Martinez‐Lopez Joaquin , Mittelman Moshe , Shpilberg Ofer , Blake Paul , Hideshima Teru , Colson Kathleen , Laubach Jacob P. , Ghobrial Irene M. , Leiba Merav , Gatt Moshe E. , Sportelli Peter , Chen Michael , Anderson Kenneth C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPerifosine, an investigational, oral, synthetic alkylphospholipid, inhibits signal transduction pathways of relevance in multiple myeloma (MM) including PI3K/Akt. Perifosine demonstrated anti‐MM activity in preclinical studies and encouraging early‐phase clinical activity in combination with bortezomib. A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled phase 3 study was conducted to evaluate addition of perifosine to bortezomib‐dexamethasone in MM patients with one to four prior therapies who had relapsed following previous bortezomib‐based therapy. The primary endpoint was progression‐free survival (PFS). The study was discontinued at planned interim analysis, with 135 patients enrolled. Median PFS was 22.7 weeks (95% confidence interval 16·0–45·4) in the perifosine arm and 39.0 weeks (18.3–50.1) in the placebo arm (hazard ratio 1.269 [0.817–1.969]; P = .287); overall response rates were 20% and 27%, respectively. Conversely, median overall survival (OS) was 141.9 weeks and 83.3 weeks (hazard ratio 0.734 [0.380–1.419]; P = .356). Overall, 61% and 55% of patients in the perifosine and placebo arms reported grade 3/4 adverse events, including thrombocytopenia (26% vs 14%), anemia (7% vs 8%), hyponatremia (6% vs 8%), and pneumonia (9% vs 3%). These findings demonstrate no PFS benefit from the addition of perifosine to bortezomib‐dexamethasone in this study of relapsed/refractory MM, but comparable safety and OS.
Examining the Association Between Racial Identity Attitudes and Coping With Racism‐Related Stress
Authors: Lewis Jioni A. , Cameron Rebecca P. , Kim‐Ju Greg M. , Meyers Lawrence S. 
Published: April 2020

The authors examined the association between racial identity attitudes and coping with racism‐related stress among Asian, Black, and Latinx college students (N = 195). Results of the canonical correlation analysis indicated that higher scores on a combination of all racial identity attitudes were significantly associated with greater active coping for Black and Latinx students. Among Asian students, the authors found that higher scores on conformity, dissonance, and immersion‐emersion racial identity attitudes were significantly associated with greater avoidant coping.Los autores examinaron la asociación entre las actitudes de identidad racial y el afrontamiento del estrés relacionado con el racismo en estudiantes universitarios asiáticos, negros y latinxs (N = 195). Los resultados del análisis de correlación canónica indicaron que unos valores más altos en la combinación de todas las actitudes de identidad racial estaban asociados significativamente a un mayor afrontamiento activo en estudiantes negros y latinxs. En estudiantes asiático‐americanos, los autores hallaron que unos valores más altos en las actitudes de identidad racial de conformidad, disonancia e inmersión/emersión estaban asociados significativamente a un mayor afrontamiento evasivo.
Fretting corrosion of Si3N4 vs CoCrMo femoral heads on Ti‐6Al‐V trunnions
Authors: Khullar Piyush , Zhu Dongkai , Gilbert Jeremy L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFretting corrosion at the head‐neck taper junction was compared between silicon nitride (Si3N4) and commercially available cobalt chrome (CoCrMo) femoral heads on titanium (Ti‐6Al‐4V) trunnions. An electrochemical setup was used to capture the fretting currents (characterized by oxide abrasion and repassivation) during cyclic loading. Onset load, pull‐off force (disassembly load), short term and long term (1 million cycles) fretting currents were used to compare the fretting corrosion performance between the test group (Si3N4/Ti‐6Al‐4V) and the control group (CoCrMo/Ti‐6Al‐4V). Incremental cyclic fretting corrosion tests showed that the Si3N4/Ti‐6Al‐4V combination had statistically lower (P < .05) average fretting current of 0.189 µA (SD = 0.114 µA) compared to 0.685 µA (SD = 0.630 µA) for CoCrMo/Ti‐6Al‐4V for cyclic load of 3200 N. Similarly, for the one million cycle fretting corrosion tests, the Si3N4/Ti‐6Al‐4V couples had statistically lower (P < .05) average current (0.048 µA, SD = 0.025 µA) vs CoCrMo/Ti‐6Al‐4V couples (0.366 µA, SD = 0.143 µA). The Si3N4 heads also had higher onset loads (P < .05) for fretting (vs CoCrMo, 2200 N vs 1740 N) indicating a difference in surface contact mechanics between the two groups. Scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed material transfer from the trunnions to the heads for both groups tested, and from head to trunnion for the CoCrMo heads. Minimal Si3N4 transfer was noted. The electrochemical, mechanical, and microscopic inspection data supported the hypothesis that Si3N4/Ti‐6Al‐4Vcombination had better fretting corrosion performance compared to CoCrMo/Ti‐6Al‐4V.
Linear calibrations in chromatography: The incorrect use of ordinary least squares for determinations at low levels, and the need to redefine the limit of quantification with this regression model
Authors: Sanchez Juan M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOrdinary least squares is widely applied as the standard regression method for analytical calibrations, and it is usually accepted that this regression method can be used for quantification starting at the limit of quantification. However, it requires calibration being homoscedastic and this is not common. Different calibrations have been evaluated to assess whether ordinary least squares is adequate to quantify estimates at low levels. All calibrations evaluated were linear and heteroscedastic. Despite acceptable values for precision at limit of quantification levels were obtained, ordinary least squares fitting resulted in significant and unacceptable bias at low levels. When weighted least squares regression was applied, bias at low levels was solved and accurate estimates were obtained. With heteroscedastic calibrations, limit values determined by conventional methods are only appropriate if weighted least squares are used. A “practical limit of quantification” can be determined with ordinary least squares in heteroscedastic calibrations, which should be fixed at a minimum of 20 times the value calculated with conventional methods. Biases obtained above this “practical limit” were acceptable applying ordinary least squares and no significant differences were obtained between the estimates measured using weighted and ordinary least squares when analyzing real‐world samples.
Enhancing the selectivity of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry by using trilinear decomposition on LC‐MS data: An application to three‐way calibration of coeluting analytes in human plasma
Authors: Yan Xiu‐Fang , Liang Yan‐Mei , Zhou Bo , Bin Jun , Kang Chao 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe high selectivities of liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry make liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry one of the most popular tools for quantitative analysis in complex chemical, biological, and environmental systems, while the potential mathematical selectivity of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry is rarely investigated. This work discussed the mathematical selectivity of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry by three‐way calibration based on the trilinear model, with an application to quantitative analysis of coeluting aromatic amino acids in human plasma. By the trilinear decomposition of the constructed liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry‐sample trilinear model and individual regression of the decomposed relative intensity versus concentration, the proposed three‐way calibration method successfully achieved quantitative analysis of coeluting aromatic amino acids in human plasma, even in the presence of uncalibrated interferent(s) and a varying background. This analytical method can ease the requirements for sample preparation and complete chromatographic separation of components, reduce the use of organic solvents, decrease the time of chromatographic separation, and increase the peak capacity of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. As a “green analytical method”, the liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry three‐way calibration method can provide a promising tool for direct and fast quantitative analysis in complex systems containing uncalibrated spectral interferents, especially for the situation where the coelution problem is difficult to overcome.
The Shape of Things to Come: In‐Hospital Three‐Dimensional Printing for Mandibular Reconstruction Using Fibula Free Flap
Authors: Zavattero Emanuele , Fasolis Massimo , Novaresio Andrea , Gerbino Giovanni , Borbon Claudia , Ramieri Guglielmo 
Published: April 2020

Objectives/HypothesisThe aim of this study was to explore whether the production of in‐hospital, low‐cost surgical cutting guides would be possible and to assess different cutting guide shapes to facilitate the surgery and the application with instruments.Study DesignCohort study.MethodsUsing free computer‐aided design software, surgical cutting guides for the mandible and fibula were designed and used to perform virtual segmental osteotomies and fibula transplants in seven patients.ResultsFourteen virtual osteotomies were performed using the free software and the proposed workflow. Thirteen guides were then printed to transfer the virtual planning information to the operating room.ConclusionsVirtual planning and the three‐dimensional (3D) printing of guides for mandibular reconstruction is reliable with the aid of an in‐hospital 3D laboratory. We also demonstrated that different guides with different shapes could be produced with benefits during surgery.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 2020
Enhanced 2 µm Mid‐Infrared Laser Output from Tm3+‐Activated Glass Ceramic Microcavities
Authors: Kang Shiliang , Ouyang Tianchang , Yang Dandan , Pan Qiwen , Qiu Jianrong , Dong Guoping 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTransparent glass ceramics (GCs) consisting of an homogeneous glass phase and a well‐dispersed crystal phase are considered as ideal optical gain materials potentially applied in optoelectronic devices due to the combination of facile processability of glass and the intense crystal field of nanocrystals. Here, a heat‐induced nanocrystal‐in‐glass method is employed to integrate the active ions Tm3+ into Bi2Te4O11 nanocrystals with an intense crystal field to realize an enhanced microlaser output. This strategy endows the efficient tellurate GC microcavity laser operating at ≈2 µm. Compared with the laser properties of as‐prepared glass microcavities, the pump threshold (260 µW) is as low as less than a quarter and the slope efficiency (0.0296%) is 5.5 times higher. Furthermore, by carefully engineering the heat treatment temperature and duration, the crystal size and distribution can be precisely controlled. Thus, the Rayleigh scattering loss that is detrimental to quality (Q) factor is effectively suppressed and the GC microcavities with high Q factors up to 105 are successfully obtained. This work provides useful insight on the development of optical functional materials and expands the practical applications of GC microcavities in various optoelectronic fields.
Charge‐Transfer‐Complexed Conjugated Microporous Polymers (CT‐CMPs)
Authors: Veldhuizen Hugo , van den Elzen Luc , Mahon Tadhg , Abellon Ruben , Nagai Atsushi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA new concept of the formation of charge transfer (CT) complexes between an intrinsically electron‐donating conjugated microporous polymer and a small molecule acceptor is reported. Spirobifluorene‐based mesoporous organic polymers with high porosity and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area are synthesized by the Suzuki‐coupling reaction of spirobifluorene and pyrene monomers. The simple doping of the synthesized mesoporous, electron‐rich, conjugated polymer with 7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane as an acceptor leads to efficient CT complexation in the electron‐donating mesoporous spaces. This results in a high‐speed synthesis (within 5 s), thermally stable compound (up to about 200 °C), and good control of the concentration of donor–acceptor pairs in the CT complex.
Ring–Ring Equilibration in Solid, Even‐Numbered Cyclic Poly(l‐lactide)s and their Stereocomplexes
Authors: Weidner Steffen M. , Meyer Andreas , Kricheldorf Hans R. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEven‐numbered cyclic poly(d‐lactide) and poly(l‐lactide) are prepared by ring‐expansion polymerization. The cyclic pol(l‐lactide) is annealed either at 120 or at 160 °C for several days. The progress of transesterification in the solid state is monitored by the formation of odd‐numbered cycles via matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization‐time of flight mass spectrometry. The changes of the crystallinity are monitored by differential scanning calorimetry, wide‐ and small‐angle x‐ray scattering (WAXS and SAXS) measurements. Despite total even‐odd equilibration at 160 °C, the crystallinity of poly(l‐lactide) is not reduced. Furthermore, the crystallinity of the stereocomplexes of both cyclic polylactides do not decrease or vanish, as expected, when a blocky or random stereosequence is formed by transesterification. This conclusion is confirmed by 13C NMR spectroscopy. These measurements demonstrate that transesterification is a ring–ring equilibration involving the loops on the surfaces of the lamellar crystallites thereby improving crystallinity and 3D packing of crystallites without significant broadening of the molecular weight distribution.