bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progressive Hearing Loss in Children With Mild Bilateral Hearing Loss
Authors: Fitzpatrick Elizabeth M. , Nassrallah Flora , Vos Bénédicte , Whittingham JoAnne , Fitzpatrick Jessica 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
This study investigated progressive hearing loss in a cohort of children who were identified with permanent mild bilateral hearing loss.

Method
This population-based study included 207 children with permanent mild bilateral hearing loss, diagnosed and followed from 2003 to 2016 in 1 region of Canada. Clinical characteristics and initial audiologic results were collected prospectively at diagnosis, and audiologic information was updated. Changes in hearing levels between the 1st and most recent assessment were analyzed to determine progressive hearing loss. Clinical characteristics were compared between children with progressive and stable hearing loss. The association between risk indicators and progressive hearing loss was explored through logistic regression.

Results
A total of 47.4% (94 of 207) had progressive hearing loss in at least 1 ear, and 50% (47 of 94) of those experienced more than 20-dB average drop in thresholds. For these 94 children, a total of 147 ears were affected, and 116 (78.9%) ears experienced sufficient change in thresholds to be coded as a worse category of hearing loss. In the subset of 85 children with more than 5 years of audiologic follow-up, 56.4% (53/85) showed a decrease in hearing. Of the total sample of 207 children, 137 (66.2%) continued to have mild hearing loss in the better ear. There was no association between the risk factors examined (family history of hearing loss, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, or presence of a syndrome) and progressive hearing loss.

Conclusion
This study found that almost half of children with mild bilateral hearing loss showed a decrease in hearing in at least 1 ear. One third of the children first diagnosed with mild hearing loss in the better ear now have moderate or worse hearing loss in both ears. These findings point to the importance of careful long-term monitoring of children who present with mild hearing loss.
Performance of Children With Hearing Loss on an Audiovisual Version of a Nonword Repetition Task
Authors: Al-Salim Sarah , Moeller Mary Pat , McGregor Karla K. 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
The aims of this study were to (a) determine if a high-quality adaptation of an audiovisual nonword repetition task can be completed by children with wide-ranging hearing abilities and to (b) examine whether performance on that task is sensitive to child demographics, hearing status, language, working memory, and executive function abilities.

Method
An audiovisual version of a nonword repetition task was adapted and administered to 100 school-aged children grouped by hearing status: 35 with normal hearing, 22 with mild bilateral hearing loss, 17 with unilateral hearing loss, and 26 cochlear implant users. Participants also completed measures of vocabulary, working memory, and executive function. A generalized linear mixed-effects model was used to analyze performance on the nonword repetition task.

Results
All children were able to complete the nonword repetition task. Children with unilateral hearing loss and children with cochlear implants repeated nonwords with less accuracy than normal-hearing peers. After adjusting for the influence of vocabulary and working memory, main effects were found for syllable length and hearing status, but no interaction effect was observed.

Conclusions
The audiovisual nonword repetition task captured individual differences in the performance of children with wide-ranging hearing abilities. The task could act as a useful tool to aid in identifying children with unilateral or mild bilateral hearing loss who have language impairments beyond those imposed by the hearing loss.
Auditory Comprehension in School-Aged Children With Normal Hearing and With Unilateral Hearing Loss
Authors: Griffin Amanda M. , Poissant Sarah F. , Freyman Richard L. 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to measure auditory comprehension performance in school-aged children with unilateral hearing loss (UHL) and with normal hearing (NH) in quiet and in the presence of child-produced two-talker babble (TTB).MethodListeners were school-aged children (7–12 years) with permanent UHL (n= 25) or NH (n= 14). Comprehension of three short stories taken from the Test of Narrative Language (Gillam & Pearson, 2004) was measured in quiet and in the presence of TTB at two signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs): (a) +6 dB and (b) the individualized SNR required to achieve 50% sentence understanding in the presence of the same TTB masker in a prior study (Griffin, Poissant, & Freyman, 2019). Target/masker spatial configuration was 0°/±60° azimuth.ResultsAs a group, subjects with UHL demonstrated auditory comprehension abilities in favorable listening environments (i.e., quiet, +6 dB SNR) that were statistically equivalent to the NH group. However, in the most challenging listening condition (individualized SNR), many subjects with UHL demonstrated poorer comprehension performance than their age-matched peers with NH. Comprehension abilities were not associated with degree of UHL, unaided speech intelligibility index at 65 dB SPL in the impaired ear, side of UHL, or sex.ConclusionsAs a group, children with UHL demonstrated deficits in auditory comprehension compared to age-matched peers with NH in challenging listening environments. Findings highlight the importance of ensuring good SNRs for children with UHL.
Controlled synthesis of monodisperse core–shell γ‐Fe2O3@SiO2 nanoparticles with well‐dispersed γ‐Fe2O3 seeds
Authors: Li Keran , Yan Jiahe , Luo Lang , He Zhiheng , Zhou Lingling , Gao Feng 
Published: January 2020

Fe2O3@SiO2 nanoparticles with well‐dispersed γ‐Fe2O3 seeds were prepared in aqueous solution using a simple one‐step method. Transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction analysis, and Raman spectrum were used to characterise the morphology and structure of γ‐Fe2O3 and γ‐Fe2O3@SiO2 nanoparticles. The concentration of tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) was found to be very influential in the control of the morphology of γ‐Fe2O3@SiO2 nanoparticles. Water‐soluble monodisperse γ‐Fe2O3@SiO2 nanoparticles with well‐dispersed γ‐Fe2O3 seeds were successfully synthesised when the concentration of TMAOH is 0.015 M.
Preparation of titanium carbide nanosheet and tribological properties of copper matrix composites
Authors: Xue Maoquan 
Published: January 2020

TiC nanosheets with a thickness of about 50 nm were successfully prepared via solvent thermal etching Ti3AlC2 in hydrofluoric acid solution at 120°C. TiC reinforced copper‐matrix composites with a content of 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, and 12 wt% were prepared by powder metallurgy with copper powder and TiC nanosheet as raw materials. The friction and wear behaviours of copper matrix composites were tested on a ball on disc under dry sliding conditions. The results showed that TiC particles were evenly distributed on the substrate and had a good combination with the substrate. The friction coefficient and wear scar widths of the composites gradually decreased with the increase of TiC nanosheet content, the maximum reduction of friction and wear was achieved under the content of 7 wt% for the TiC nanosheets. The increase in load causes the increase of friction coefficient and wear scar widths. The wear of pure copper is mainly adhesive wear and peel wear. The addition of TiC nanosheets improves the bearing capacity of copper matrix composites, and the wear mechanism is mainly abrasive wear.
Salvage endoscopic submucosal dissection for incompletely resected esophageal or gastric neoplasms (case series)
Authors: Kinoshita Satoshi , Nishizawa Toshihiro , Ochiai Yasutoshi , Fujimoto Ai , Takabayashi Kaoru , Kato Motohiko , Goto Osamu , Maehata Tadateru , Yahagi Naohisa , Uraoka Toshio 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Given that positive lateral margins indicate possible residual carcinoma, salvage endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) should be considered for curative therapy. Presence of submucosal fibrosis, however, makes the procedure difficult to perform. We present our case series to discuss the feasibility of salvage ESD and the timing of the procedure.
Over-the-scope clip vs epinephrine with clip for first-line hemostasis in non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a propensity score match analysis
Authors: Mangiafico Santi , Pigò Flavia , Bertani Helga , Caruso Angelo , Grande Giuseppe , Sgamato Costantino , Manta Raffaele , Conigliaro Rita 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims The over-the-scope clip (OTSC) is a novel tool used to improve the maintenance of hemostasis for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB); however, studies on the comparison with “conventional” techniques are lacking. In this study, we aimed to compare first-line endoscopic hemostasis achieved using conventional techniques with that achieved using OTSC placement for NVUGIB.
Patients and methods From January 2007 to March 2018, 793 consecutive patients underwent upper endoscopy with the hemostasis procedure. Among them, 327 patients were eligible for inclusion (112 patients had OTSC placement and 215 underwent conventional hemostasis). After propensity score matching and adjustment for confounding factors, 84 patients were stratified into the “conventional” group and 84 into the OTSC group. Patient characteristics and outcomes (rebleeding rate, mortality rate within 30 days, and adverse events) were compared between the two groups.
Results In the unmatched cohort, hemostasis with OTSC was more frequent in cases of duodenal ulcers with Forrest Ia to IIa and in patients with a higher Rockall score compared with the “conventional group”. In the matched cohort, 93 % of the patients in the “conventional group” underwent hemostasis with epinephrine + through-the-scope clip. Rebleeding events were significantly less frequent in the OTSC group (8 % vs 20 %, 95 %CI 3 – 16 vs 12 – 30; P = 0.02); however, the mortality rate in the two groups was not significantly different (6 % vs 2 %, 95 %CI 1 – 8 vs 2 – 13; P = 0.4).
Conclusions OTSC is a safe and effective tool for achieving hemostasis, and we recommend its use as the first-line therapy for lesions with a high risk of rebleeding and in patients with a high risk Rockall score.
The ‘step-clipping’ method: a guide for identifying a previously bleeding colonic diverticulum
Authors: Tamari Hirosato , Aoyama Taiki , Shigita Kenjiro , Asayama Naoki , Fukumoto Akira , Mukai Shinichi , Nagata Shinji 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Unsatisfactory detectability of a previously bleeding diverticulum by colonoscopy results from difficulty in precisely locating the target lesion, even with presence of an extravasation on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT). This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the step-clipping method to overcome this limitation.
Patients and methods Step-clipping was indicated for patients with colonic diverticular bleeding and presence of extravasation on CECT, but with absence of active bleeding on subsequent colonoscopy. The target diverticulum was identified by comparing computed tomography images before and after step clipping, which provided a positional relationship between each clip and the target lesion.
Results Based on data from 21 consecutive cases meeting our inclusion criteria (14 men and 7 women; mean age, 73.2 years), the target diverticulum was endoscopically identified in 20 cases (95 %), in a median time of 5 minutes, and successfully treated. No adverse events were observed with the step-clipping method.
Conclusion Step-clipping provided easy guidance to the target site for treatment in a short time, despite spontaneous cessation of bleeding at the diverticulum.
Endoscopic radial incision and cutting for Crohn’s Disease-associated intestinal stricture: a pilot study
Authors: Moroi Rintaro , Shiga Hisashi , Kuroha Masatake , Kanazawa Yoshitake , Nochioka Kotaro , Kakuta Yoichi , Kinouchi Yoshitaka , Masamune Atsushi 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Intestinal stricture associated with Crohn’s disease (CD) is usually treated by endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) or stricture plasty. Although EBD is effective and safe for such strictures, refractory stricture after EBD poses a problem. Hence, other novel approaches for these refractory strictures are required. On the other hand, the efficacy of radial incision and cutting (RIC) method for esophageal stricture after esophagogastric surgery is reported. In this pilot study, we adopted the RIC technique for five CD patients with refractory intestinal stricture to dilate their strictures. We conducted the RIC procedure using an electric needle knife with a ceramic tip on the top of the needle. Four cases were of anastomotic stricture after ileocecal resection and the remaining one case was of stricture due to mucosal healing. The RIC procedure was successful for all five patients. Average procedure time was 18.6 minutes. One patient developed delayed bleeding after RIC. There were no cases of perforation. RIC could be an alternative therapy for intestinal stricture associated with CD. Further studies should be conducted to clarify its efficacy and safety.
Self‐determined motivation, emotional process and subjective performance among young elite athletes: A longitudinal hierarchical linear modelling approach
Authors: Cece Valérian , Duchesne Maxime , Guillet‐Descas Emma , Martinent Guillaume 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThis study aimed to explore relationships between contextual self‐determined motivation, everyday appraisals and emotions related to the competitive environment and subjective performance of young elite athletes. Thirty‐one young tennis players (18.45 years ± 4.63) involved in intensive training centres completed initial (Time 0 – T0) self‐determined motivation questionnaire and a fortnightly logbook including everyday cognitive appraisals, discrete emotions and subjective performance. We computed a series of hierarchical linear modelling analyses (HLM) to explore the relationships between the variables and Sobel tests to examine the mediating effects. HLM results showed that: (a) T0 autonomous motivation was positively associated with adaptive appraisals (challenge and benefits); (b) threat and loss were positively related to unpleasant emotions (anxiety, anger, dejection) and negatively associated with pleasant emotions whereas challenge and benefits were positively related to pleasant emotions and negatively associated with unpleasant emotions; (c) subjective performance was positively associated with happiness and negatively associated with dejection. Moreover, the Sobel tests revealed that: (a) appraisal was a mediator of the relationship between T0 self‐determined motivation and discrete emotions; and; (b) emotions were mediators of the relationship between appraisals and subjective performance. In sum, the present study showed that young athletes’ self‐determined motivation assessed at the beginning of the study impacted their everyday cognitive appraisals, their experience of pleasant and unpleasant emotions, and their subjective performance levels along a 4‐month period. To conclude, this study highlighted the relationships between the self‐determined motivation, the emotional process and the performance of young elite athletes involving in intensive training settings.
Advanced fluorescence imaging of in situ protein aggregation
Authors: Lu Meng , Kaminski Clemens F , Schierle Gabriele S Kaminski 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The aggregation of intrinsically disordered proteins is a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and Huntington’s disease. Although we currently have a good molecular level understanding on how protein aggregation occurs in vitro, the details of its self-assembly in live cells are still mainly unknown. During the last ten years, we have witnessed the rapid development of advanced imaging techniques, especially super-resolution and fluorescence lifetime-based microscopy, in different areas of cell biology. These methods have been revolutionising our understanding of how proteins aggregate, providing unprecedented high spatial-temporal resolution which permits us to capture the kinetics of aggregate seeding and expansion, the motion and distribution of individual aggregates within the cells, and its structural change. In this article, we will review the study of in situ protein aggregation using advanced imaging techniques, with the focus on protein aggregate structure and its assembly dynamics.
Analysis of the stress-strain state of the toroidal transition connecting the wall and the bottom of the tank
Authors: Zemlerub L E , Terzeman J V , Teregulov M R 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The interface zone of the wall and bottom of the vertical cylindrical steel tank (VST) is the most loaded part of the structure, which operates in a complex stress state. As a result of cyclic loads in places of stress concentration due to low-cycle fatigue and corrosive wear of the metal in the joint zone of the wall and the bottom of the VST the defects inevitably occur resulting in reliability decrease and service life of the tank. It is proposed to replace the T-shaped welding joint of the wall with the bottom with a part of the toroidal ring. At the same time to ensure the stability of the tank along the entire contour of the wall under the toroidal transition it is proposed to install a thrust bearing with fixing plates. The results of the calculations of the stress-strain state in the interface zone of the wall and the bottom showed that the proposed design will significantly reduce the occurring stresses, increase reliability, increase the period between repairs and extend the service life of tanks which will significantly reduce the cost of operating tank farms.
New protecting structures on buildings of explosive production
Authors: Korolchenko A D 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The protective structures must be installed in the enclosing structures of explosive production buildings. Protective structures, when an explosion pressure reaches a certain value, caused by the pressure opening, release a square for the expiration of gases from the volume of the room where the explosion occurs. In the proposed work, new protective structures were considered. The process of opening and movement of the panel with the release of the area for depressurization is studied in the process of explosion development. The movement of the panel begins with the destruction of its attachment to the building frame. In this paper, the laws of change in the pressure of the explosion were considered, taking into account the inertia of the movement of the panel.
Metaheuristic optimization of building structures with different level of safety
Authors: Alekseytsev A V 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
A methodology for solving the optimal synthesis problems of bearing and enclosing structures is proposed, including for steel frames, column reinforced concrete foundations, heat-transmission shell using genetic iterative diagrams and triangulation procedures. The approaches to finding solutions for buildings of normal and increased levels of responsibility are considered. A three-stage diagram is proposed that includes, at the first stage, the synthesis of the topology of the steel frame, at the second stage, the optimization of its shape and parameters of the rods, and at the third stage, the consideration of possible emergency situations. For buildings with a normal level of responsibility in the particular case, the use of the first two stages is allowed. The structure of the frames is synthesized by using the algorithm of plane triangulation of a set of points, which are meant as structural joints. The design parameters are selected using an improved genetic algorithm adapted for solving problems of this type. An example of the synthesis of the building structure of a weighted vehicle is considered, illustrating the performance and high efficiency of the approach under consideration.
Modeling of corrosion-mechanical behavior of composition rotation shells in a temperature field
Authors: Mavzovin V S , Ovchinnikov I I 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In the process of exploitation, vessels and apparatuses of chemical productions can be subjected to the joint action of long-acting loads, temperatures, and corrosive working media. Real vessels and apparatuses are a combination of shells of rotation of various configurations: cone, torus, sphere, cylinder, etc. When calculating, one should take into account the edge effect at the points of inflection of the guide. Many vessels and apparatuses of chemical engineering work in uneven thermal and power fields, which cause local corrosion. The article considers the problem of calculating geometrically and physically nonlinear composite shells of revolution subjected to corrosion wear in an inhomogeneous temperature field, and the corrosion rate depends on both the stress state and temperature. Equations are obtained that describe the corrosion-mechanical behavior of shells of revolution, taking into account corrosion wear in force and thermal fields. The stress-strain state of the shell of rotation is studied by the method of successive perturbations of the parameters (in this case, time), and the time step value is selected from the condition of satisfying the required accuracy of solving the problem. At each time step, the method of initial parameters with orthogonalization of S. K. Godunov solves the boundary-value problem for a system of resolving equations with the corresponding boundary conditions. The results of calculating an autoclave, which is a combined shell of revolution: a sphere - a spherical torus - a cylinder, are presented.
Problems related to storage of acid substances in reinforced concrete tanks
Authors: Maj Marek , Tamrazyan Ashot G 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
In an industrial plant with continuous production, there were two breakdowns in the company’s sewage treatment plant for liquids with a high sulfuric acid content. Despite securing the underground walls of reinforced concrete tanks with protective coatings resistant to the impact of highly concentrated solutions with sulfuric acid as well as liquids with high alkaline concentration, there was sulphate corrosion destroying the insulation and structural reinforcement. The reasons for the failure were simultaneously improperly selected protective coatings and the technology of applying these coatings to the walls of tanks. In addition, the appearance of cracks in concrete and in polypropylene slabs is influenced by the rheology of construction materials, which is permanently ignored in the construction of multi-layer walls.
Dynamic analysis of the elasto-plastic behaviour of buildings and structures in the SCAD ++ software package
Authors: Fialko S Yu 
Published: January 2020

Abstract
The problem formulation of nonlinear equations of motion obtained by the finite element method applying to the dynamic analysis of buildings and structures is presented. The elasto-plastic behaviour of reinforced concrete structural elements is described using the plastic flow theory, moreover, for concrete, the Drucker-Prager yield criterion is used for bending elements, and the yield surface, which coincides in shape with the Geniev strength surface, for compressed-bending elements. Concrete degradation due to crack opening is simulated by the descending branch of the σ − ε diagram. The plastic flow theory with von Mises yield criterion describes the behaviour of reinforcement. Using the aforementioned constitutive models, a finite element library was developed, including plane shell quadrilateral and triangular finite elements based on the Mindlin-Reissner shear theory as well as a two-node spatial frame finite element based on the Timoshenko shear theory. The seismic analysis of the 3-D model of multi-storey building is considered as an example.