bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review: Red/near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes based on nucleophilic reactions of H2S since 2015
Authors: Wang JunPing , Huo Fangjun , Yue Yongkang , Yin Caixia 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe topics of human health and disease are always the focus of much attention. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as a double‐edged sword, plays an important role in biological systems. Studies have revealed that endogenous H2S is important to maintain normal physiological functions. Conversely, abnormal levels of H2S may contribute to various diseases. Due to the importance of H2S in physiology and pathology, research into the effects of H2S has been active in recent years. Fluorescent probes with red/near‐infrared (NIR) emissions (620–900 nm) are more suitable for imaging applications in vivo, because of their negligible photodamage, deep tissue penetration, and maximum lack of interference from background autofluorescence. H2S, an ‘evil and positive’ molecule, is not only toxic, but also produces significant effects; a ‘greedy’ molecule, is not only a strong nucleophile under physiological conditions, but also undergoes a continuous double nucleophilic reaction. Therefore, in this tutorial review, we will highlight recent advances made since 2015 in the development and application of red/NIR fluorescent probes based on nucleophilic reactions of H2S.
European multicentre study on outcome of surgery for sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Bergenfelz A , van Slycke S , Makay Ö , Brunaud L 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Background
International multicentre outcome studies of surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), especially for rate of conversion to bilateral neck surgery and persistent hypercalcaemia, are scarce.

Methods
Eurocrine® is a European database for endocrine surgery. Data are entered according to predefined data fields. Outcomes for patients who underwent first surgery for sporadic pHPT were analysed. Multivariable analysis was performed to identify risk factors for adverse outcome using Cox regression with constant follow-up.

Results
A total of 5861 patients were registered between 2015 and 2018. Preoperative localization procedures were used in most patients, with moderate sensitivity. Intraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) measurement was used in three-quarters of patients. Bilateral surgery was performed in 1574 patients (26·9 per cent). Among 4683 patients (79·7 per cent) for whom unilateral or focused operation was planned, the procedure was converted to bilateral surgery in 396 (8·5 per cent). The risk of conversion decreased with the use of ioPTH monitoring (relative risk (RR) 0·77). Persistent hypercalcaemia was registered in 253 patients (4·3 per cent), and was less likely with the use of two (RR 0·55) or three (RR 0·44) localization procedures. In patients with a concordant localized single lesion, the rate of persistent hypercalcaemia was 2·5 per cent. The risk of persistent hypercalcaemia decreased with the use of ioPTH measurement, but was increased in patients with negative localization procedures and conversion to bilateral surgery.

Conclusion
The use of ioPTH measurement decreased the risk of conversion and persistent hypercalcaemia. The use of two or three localization procedures decreased the risk of persistent hypercalcaemia; in patients with a concordant single lesion, the risk of persistent hypercalcaemia was low.
Bloom's taxonomy: A beneficial tool for learning and assessing students’ competency levels in computer programming using empirical analysis
Authors: Ullah Zahid , Lajis Adidah , Jamjoom Mona , Altalhi Abdulrahman , Saleem Farrukh 
Published: September 2020

AbstractPrevious research on computer programming advocates that most computer science students, especially novices, lack programming competencies. The reasons given for this inadequacy is that most students lack the background knowledge, first experience of programming, and a new environment of writing programs in a syntax specific language, and so forth. Due to these reasons, the failure rate is high every year. Several researchers have used learning taxonomies; in that, Bloom's taxonomy has been widely used for assessment and learning of programming. Moreover, Bloom's taxonomy has been used as a scale for preparing the assessment questions, and the competency level was quantified based on that. In contrast, this study proposes a novel approach of programming assessment, in which the achieved competency level of a student is mapped to the respective cognitive levels of Bloom's taxonomy directly from the written code with no prior mapping of questions. The computation of the competency level in terms of mapping to the respective cognitive level is based on some principal criteria extricated from theories used in previous studies. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the basic topics of the structure programming course: Selection, repetition, and modular. The data collection was carried out from 213 students using an empirical test that is further analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling. The results show that Bloom's taxonomy is a beneficial tool for learning and assessing programming.
Chilaiditi's sign: A rare differential diagnosis of pneumoperitoneum
Authors: Ben Ismail Imen , Zenaidi Hakim , Rebii Saber , Yahmadi Abdelwahed , Zoghlami Ayoub 
Published: September 2020

AbstractChilaiditi sign is a rare condition typically mistaken for pneumoperitoneum. CT scan can confirm the diagnosis. Its management is conservative that is why it should be well known by surgeons to avoid unnecessary exploratory laparotomies.
Light chain–positive rod‐like inclusions in bone marrow plasma cells associated with monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance
Authors: Okawara Sayoko , Bando Kenichiro , Tsukada Junichi 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRod‐like inclusions have rarely been described in cases of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance or multiple myeloma. The key finding in our case is the strong κ‐light chain positivity of rod‐like inclusions in plasma cells, which confirms their immunoglobulin nature. Therapeutic benefit of bortezomib was also observed.
Co−MOF‐74@Cu−MOF‐74 Derived Bifunctional Co−C@Cu−C for One‐Pot Production of 1, 4‐Diphenyl‐1, 3‐Butadiene from Phenylacetylene
Authors: Cai Jingyu , Zhuang Yuzheng , Chen Yi , Xiao Longqiang , Zhao Yulai , Jiang Xiancai , Hou Linxi , Li Zhaohui 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCarbon‐supported metal nanoparticles (NPs) play important roles in heterogeneous catalysis. In particular, supported bimetallic catalytic systems can be promising multifunctional catalysts for one‐pot tandem/cascade reactions, in which two or more successive independent reactions are realized in one pot. In this manuscript, we report the preparation of a carbon‐supported bimetallic CoCu catalytic system (Co−C@Cu−C), with Co NPs wrapped by carbon‐supported Cu NPs, from the pyrolysis of a core‐shell structured Co−MOF‐74@Cu−MOF‐74. The as‐obtained Co−C@Cu−C acts as a bifunctional catalyst for the transformation of phenylacetylene to 1, 4‐diphenyl‐1, 3‐butadiene in one pot, in which supported metallic Cu NPs and Co NPs are active for the coupling and hydrogenation reaction respectively. By tuning the reaction rates of the coupling and the hydrogenation in this tandem reaction over the Co−C@Cu−C via changing the reaction medium and the reducing agent, an efficient direct transformation of phenylacetylene to 1, 4‐diphenyl‐1, 3‐butadiene was realized. This work not only highlights the important role of MOFs in the preparation of multifunctional carbon supported metal NPs for heterogeneous catalysis, but also demonstrates the possibility of tuning the reaction rates of different catalytic steps in a tandem reaction to realize an efficient overall reaction.
Nickel‐Based Metal‐Organic Framework/Crosslinked Tubular Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Composite as an Electrocatalyst for the Detection of Gallic Acid and Tinidazole
Authors: Wang Haixu , Feng Xiaogeng , Bo Xiangjie , Zhou Ming , Guo Liping 
Published: September 2020

AbstractNickel‐based metal‐organic framework (Ni‐MOF) embedded in tubular poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (T‐PEDOT) composites was first synthesized through the in situ growth of Ni‐MOF with T‐PEDOT. The incorporation of T‐PEDOT and Ni‐MOF enhances the conductivity of Ni‐MOF/T‐PEDOT, reduces aggregation and restricts the size of Ni‐MOF, and exposes more active sites of the Ni‐MOF. Compared with Ni‐MOF, Ni‐MOF/T‐PEDOT manifests improved electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation and reduction of gallic acid and tinidazole, respectively. The Ni‐MOF/T‐PEDOT‐2/glassy carbon electrode (GCE) as a novel electrochemical sensor was constructed to detect two antibacterial drugs. Ni‐MOF/T‐PEDOT‐2/GCE shows two linear responses to gallic acid in the range of 0.8–25.5 μM and 25.5–150 μM, with a high sensitivity of 0.559 μA μM−1. At the same time, Ni‐MOF/T‐PEDOT‐2/GCE exhibits two linear responses to tinidazole in the range of 0.7–35 μM and 35–255 μM. Therefore, Ni‐MOF/T‐PEDOT‐2/GCE could be used to detect gallic acid and tinidazole in real samples with satisfactory results. Recovery values varied from 95.1 to 104.2 % for gallic acid sensing and 94.2 to 104.2 % for tinidazole sensing, which demonstrates that the sensor has practical application for gallic acid and tinidazole detection. Our work offers an efficient strategy for fabricating a new electrocatalysts based on MOFs and tubular conductive polymer.
Galectin–Glycan Interactions: Guidelines for Monitoring by 77Se NMR Spectroscopy, and Solvent (H2O/D2O) Impact on Binding
Authors: Diercks Tammo , Medrano Francisco J. , FitzGerald Forrest G. , Beckwith Donella , Pedersen Martin Jaeger , Reihill Mark , Ludwig Anna‐Kristin , Romero Antonio , Oscarson Stefan , Cudic Maré , Gabius Hans‐Joachim 
Published: September 2020

AbstractFunctional pairing between cellular glycoconjugates and tissue lectins like galectins has wide (patho)physiological significance. Their study is facilitated by nonhydrolysable derivatives of the natural O‐glycans, such as S‐ and Se‐glycosides. The latter enable extensive analyses by specific 77Se NMR spectroscopy, but still remain underexplored. By using the example of selenodigalactoside (SeDG) and the human galectin‐1 and ‐3, we have evaluated diverse 77Se NMR detection methods and propose selective 1H,77Se heteronuclear Hartmann–Hahn transfer for efficient use in competitive NMR screening against a selenoglycoside spy ligand. By fluorescence anisotropy, circular dichroism, and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), we show that the affinity and thermodynamics of SeDG binding by galectins are similar to thiodigalactoside (TDG) and N‐acetyllactosamine (LacNAc), confirming that Se substitution has no major impact. ITC data in D2O versus H2O are similar for TDG and LacNAc binding by both galectins, but a solvent effect, indicating solvent rearrangement at the binding site, is hinted at for SeDG and clearly observed for LacNAc dimers with extended chain length.
Lewis Acid Promoted Dearomatization of Naphthols
Authors: Kulish Kirill , Boldrini Cosimo , Castiñeira Reis Marta , Pérez Juana M. , Harutyunyan Syuzanna R. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractTwo‐step dearomative functionalization of naphthols promoted by Lewis acids and copper(I) catalysis was developed. Initially, Lewis acid complexation inverted the electronic properties of the ring and established an equilibrium with the dearomatized counterpart. Subsequent trapping of the dearomatized intermediate with organometallics as well as organophosphines was demonstrated and provided the corresponding dearomatized products.
Boosting the Iodine Adsorption and Radioresistance of Th‐UiO‐66 MOFs via Aromatic Substitution
Authors: Li Zi‐Jian , Ju Yu , Lu Huangjie , Wu Xiaoling , Yu Xinle , Li Yongxin , Wu Xiaowei , Zhang Zhi‐Hui , Lin Jian , Qian Yuan , He Ming‐Yang , Wang Jian‐Qiang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractEffective capture of radioactive iodine is of paramount importance for the safe and long‐term storage of fission products in the nuclear fuel cycle. Herein, a series of functionalized Th‐UiO‐66 MOFs was employed as a model to investigate the effects of substituents on iodine adsorption in both solution and vapor states. Sorption studies revealed that the electro‐donating amino group exhibits the most positive role on increasing the removal rate of iodine from cyclohexane and the uptake capacity of iodine vapor. Particularly, the disubstituted Th‐UiO‐66‐(NH2)2 can effectively remove 91.9 % of iodine (300 mg L−1) from cyclohexane and capture 969 mg g−1 iodine vapor, significantly higher than 59.6 % and 334 mg g−1 of untagged Th‐UiO‐66, respectively. In addition, the substituent effect on the radiolytic stability of MOFs was for the first time investigated, leading to the unearthing of one of the most radioresistant MOFs Th‐UiO‐66‐NH2 reported to date.
Structural and Oxidation State Alternatives in Platinum and Palladium Complexes of a Redox‐Active Amidinato Ligand
Authors: Ehret Fabian , Filippou Vasileios , Blickle Svenja , Bubrin Martina , Záliš Stanislav , Kaim Wolfgang 
Published: September 2020

AbstractReaction of [Pt(DMSO)2Cl2] or [Pd(MeCN)2Cl2] with the electron‐rich LH=N,N’‐bis(4‐dimethylaminophenyl)ethanimidamide yielded mononuclear [PtL2] (1) but dinuclear [Pd2L4] (2), a paddle‐wheel complex. The neutral compounds were characterized through experiments (crystal structures, electrochemistry, UV‐vis‐NIR spectroscopy, magnetic resonance) and TD‐DFT calculations as metal(II) species with noninnocent ligands L−. The reversibly accessible cations [PtL2]+ and [Pd2L4]+ were also studied, the latter as [Pd2L4][B{3,5‐(CF3)2C6H3}4] single crystals. Experimental and computational investigations were directed at the elucidation of the electronic structures, establishing the correct oxidation states within the alternatives [PtII(L−)2] or [Pt.(L )2], [PtII(L0.5−)2]+ or [PtIII(L−)2]+, [(PdII)2(μ‐L−)4] or [(Pd1.5)2(μ‐L0.75−)4], and [(Pd2.5)2(μ‐L−)4]+ or [(PdII)2(μ‐L0.75−)4]+. In each case, the first alternative was shown to be most appropriate. Remarkable results include the preference of platinum for mononuclear planar [PtL2] with an N‐Pt‐N bite angle of 62.8(2)° in contrast to [Pd2L4], and the dimetal (Pd24+→Pd25+) instead of ligand (L−→L ) oxidation of the dinuclear palladium compound.
The Total Synthesis of Diquinane‐Containing Natural Products
Authors: Li Huilin , Zhang Jing , She Xuegong 
Published: September 2020

AbstractDiquinane or bicyclo[3.3.0]octane is a conspicuous structural unit existing in the carbo‐frameworks of a wide range of natural products such as alkaloids and terpenoids. These diquinane‐containing molecules not merely exhibit intriguing architectures, but also showcase a broad spectrum of significant bioactivities, which draw widespread attention from the global synthetic community. During the past decade, with an aim to accomplish the total syntheses of such specified cornucopias of natural products, a variety of elegant strategies for construction of the diquinane ring system have been disclosed. In this Minireview, the achievements on this subject in the timeline from 2010 to June 2020 are demonstrated and it is discussed how the diquinane unit is strategically forged in the context of the specific target structure. In addition, impacts of the selected works to the field of natural product total synthesis is highlighted and the particular outlook of diquinane‐containing natural product synthesis is provided.
Antivitamins B12—Some Inaugural Milestones
Authors: Kräutler Bernhard 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe recently delineated structure‐ and reactivity‐based concept of antivitamins B12 has begun to bear fruit by the generation, and study, of a range of such B12‐dummies, either vitamin B12‐derived, or transition metal analogues that also represent potential antivitamins B12 or specific B12‐antimetabolites. As reviewed here, this has opened up new research avenues in organometallic B12‐chemistry and bioinorganic coordination chemistry. Exploratory studies with antivitamins B12 have, furthermore, revealed some of their potential, as pharmacologically interesting compounds, for inducing B12‐deficiency in a range of organisms, from hospital resistant bacteria to laboratory mice. The derived capacity of antivitamins B12 to induce functional B12‐deficiency in mammalian cells and organs also suggest their valuable potential as growth inhibitors of cancerous human and animal cells.
Comparison of Penta and Tetra‐pyridyl Cobalt‐based Catalysts for Water Reduction: H2 Production Cycle, Solvent Response and Reduction Free Energy
Authors: Gurdal Yeliz , Iannuzzi Marcella 
Published: September 2020

AbstractUnderstanding water reduction towards H2 generation is crucial to overcome today's renewable energy obstacles. Previous studies have shown the superior H2 production performances of Cobalt based penta‐pyridyl (CoaPPy) and tetra‐pyridyl (CoaTPy) complexes in solution. We investigate H2 production cycles of CoaPPy and CoaTPy complexes immersed in water solution by means of Ab‐initio Molecular Dynamics and Density Functional Theory. We monitor dynamic properties of the systems, solvent response and structural changes occurring in the catalysts, by simulating all intermediate steps of the H2 production cycle. Reduction free energies and reorganization energies are calculated. Our results show that, following the first electron injection, H2 production proceeds with the singlet spin state. Following the first electron insertion, we observe a significant rearrangement of the hydrogen bonding network in the first solvation shell. The cobalt center turns out to be more accessible for the surrounding water molecules in the case of CoaTPy at all the intermediate steps, which explains its higher catalytic performance over CoaPPy. Following the first reduction reaction, a larger gain in reduction free energy is estimated for CoaTPy with respect to CoaPPy, with a difference of 0.14 eV, in line with the experiments. For the second reduction, instead, CoaPPy shows more negative reduction potential, by 0.41 eV.
Metastatic low‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma after 24 years: A case report and review of recent molecular genetics
Authors: Mindiola‐Romero Andres E. , Liu Xiaoying , Dillon Jessica L. , Talarico Michael , Smith Geoffrey , Zhang Linsheng , Linos Konstantinos 
Published: September 2020

AbstractLow‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LGESS) is a rare malignant uterine tumor with the potential to metastasize years after the primary resection. There is a broad differential diagnosis for endometrial stromal sarcomas (ESS), including both benign and malignant entities. Herein, we present the case of a 64‐year‐old female with metastatic LGESS to the lung, diagnosed by cytology, 24 years after her initial presentation. This report discusses the cytomorphologic and histopathologic characteristics, and ancillary studies including immunohistochemical stains and recent advances in molecular diagnostics of ESS. Accurate diagnosis of spindle cell lesions in the lung can be challenging. As such, this case highlights the instrumental role of ancillary testing and molecular diagnostics to achieve a more definitive diagnosis.
Immunity in salamander regeneration: Where are we standing and where are we headed?
Authors: Bolaños‐Castro Lizbeth Airais , Walters Hannah Elisabeth , García Vázquez Rubén Octavio , Yun Maximina Hee 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSalamanders exhibit the most extensive regenerative repertoire among vertebrates, being able to accomplish scar‐free healing and faithful regeneration of significant parts of the eye, heart, brain, spinal cord, jaws and gills, as well as entire appendages throughout life. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying salamander regeneration are currently under extensive examination, with the hope of identifying the key drivers in each context, understanding interspecies differences in regenerative capacity, and harnessing this knowledge in therapeutic settings. The immune system has recently emerged as a potentially critical player in regenerative responses. Components of both innate and adaptive immunity have been found at critical stages of regeneration in a range of salamander tissues. Moreover, functional studies have identified a requirement for macrophages during heart and limb regeneration. However, our knowledge of salamander immunity remains scarce, and a thorough definition of the precise roles played by its members is lacking. Here, we examine the evidence supporting roles for immunity in various salamander regeneration models. We pinpoint observations that need revisiting through modern genetic approaches, uncover knowledge gaps, and highlight insights from various model organisms that could guide future explorations toward an understanding of the functions of immunity in regeneration.
Foraging in a dynamic environment: Response of four sympatric sub‐Antarctic albatross species to interannual environmental variability
Authors: Carpenter‐Kling Tegan , Reisinger Ryan R. , Orgeret Florian , Connan Maëlle , Stevens Kim L. , Ryan Peter G. , Makhado Azwianewi , Pistorius Pierre A. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractSeasonal and annual climate variations are linked to fluctuations in the abundance and distribution of resources, posing a significant challenge to animals that need to adjust their foraging behavior accordingly. Particularly during adverse conditions, and while energetically constrained when breeding, animals ideally need to be flexible in their foraging behavior. Such behavioral plasticity may separate “winners” from “losers” in light of rapid environmental changes due to climate change. Here, the foraging behavior of four sub‐Antarctic albatross species was investigated from 2015/16 to 2017/18, a period characterized by pronounced environmental variability. Over three breeding seasons on Marion Island, Prince Edward Archipelago, incubating wandering (WA,Diomedea exulans;n = 45), grey‐headed (GHA,Thalassarche chrysostoma;n = 26), sooty (SA,Phoebetria fusca;n = 23), and light‐mantled (LMSA,P. palpebrata;n = 22) albatrosses were tracked with GPS loggers. The response of birds to environmental variability was investigated by quantifying interannual changes in their foraging behavior along two axes: spatial distribution, using kernel density analysis, and foraging habitat preference, using generalized additive mixed models and Bayesian mixed models. All four species were shown to respond behaviorally to environmental variability, but with substantial differences in their foraging strategies. WA was most general in its habitat use defined by sea surface height, eddy kinetic energy, wind speed, ocean floor slope, and sea‐level anomaly, with individuals foraging in a range of habitats. In contrast, the three smaller albatrosses exploited two main foraging habitats, with habitat use varying between years. Generalist habitat use by WA and interannually variable use of habitats by GHA, SA, and LMSA would likely offer these species some resilience to predicted changes in climate such as warming seas and strengthening of westerly winds. However, future investigations need to consider other life‐history stages coupled with demographic studies, to better understand the link between behavioral plasticity and population responses.