bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Hemodynamically Stable Patient With Traumatic Diaphragmatic Rupture and Herniated Shattered Spleen in the Left Thorax: A Case Report
Authors: Bahsan Kassim , Mwesige Sylvery , Lusasi Shedrack , kitua Daniel , Swallow Andrew , Mwanga Ally 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Blunt abdominal injuries often result in damage to the parenchymal organs, particularly the liver and spleen. In rare cases, these injuries can also lead to diaphragmatic rupture, causing the intraperitoneal organs to herniate.
Presentation of the case:
This report presents the case of a 55-year-old man who experienced a traumatic abdominal injury resulting in a diaphragmatic injury with herniation of the bowels and a ruptured spleen.
Discussion
The occurrence of isolated diaphragmatic hernia, resulting from blunt abdominal injury, together with herniation of intraperitoneal organs and a ruptured spleen, is infrequently reported in the literature. The diagnosis of the ruptured herniated spleen in the left hemithorax was delayed for 7 days, and no appropriate treatment was provided, despite the patient being in a stable condition.
Conclusion
Although diaphragmatic hernias are uncommon and create diagnostic challenges, a heightened level of suspicion is necessary because not all cases exhibit conventional symptoms, as demonstrated in the case discussed here.
Design and on-site test verification of blasting excavation in the machinery room of a pumped-storage power station building
Authors: Chen Xiaocui , Mi Yuan , Shuai Xinru , Zhao Wenhu , Zheng Yuan , Li Xiji 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Blasting is widely used in modern engineering construction owing to its speed, efficiency, and low cost. However, the vibration effects caused by blasting resulted severe cracking of the rock-anchored beam. Using a pumped-storage power station building in East China as the engineering background, on-site blasting tests at the busbar tunnel section were conducted to measure the vibration speed of a rock-anchored beam during multihole overall blasting. Using the LS-DYNA dynamic analysis platform, we established a 3D numerical model of an underground power plant and validated the model with test data obtained from sensors. A blasting plan for the excavation layer in the machinery room section was proposed to explore the rock fragmentation rate at the midsection groove and the protective layer on both sides for various detonation methods, as well as the vibration velocity at remote measuring points. The results show that a reasonable detonation sequence can increase the rock fragmentation rate by approximately 9% without increasing economic costs. By adopting a row-by-row detonation scheme, the peak blasting vibration velocity in all directions was reduced, thereby reducing the effects of blasting vibration by approximately 77%. These make the on-site rock-anchored beam meet the control standards well, thus providing technical support for the designing drilling and blasting schemes for similar projects.
Continuous PPI Treatment after Gastric Bypass Increases the Risk of Pathological PTH Levels at Ten Years Postoperatively
Authors: Stevens Katharina , Hultin Hella , Sundbom Magnus 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Apart from massive weight loss, metabolic and bariatric surgery, especially gastric bypass (RYGBP), can cause nutritional deficiencies. Proton pump inhibitors (PPI), relatively often used after RYGBP, are associated with reduced calcium absorption. We have studied the long-term impact of PPI upon calcium homeostasis among RYGBP patients.
Methods: In the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry (SOReg), 550 primary RYGBP patients, with eGFR > 60 ml/min/1.73m2, had PTH and 25-OH D levels registered at 10 years. To avoid the impact of hypovitaminosis D, those with 25-OH D >75 nmol/L were selected.
Results: At 10 years, 10.3% of patients reported continuous PPI treatment, i.e., daily use during the last month. In an age adjusted logistic regression model, continuous PPI treatment was associated with a quadruple risk (OR: 4.65 [1.54-14.04]) of having a pathological PTH level (>7 pmol/L).
Conclusion: This unique study has shown a correlation between continuous PPI use and pathological PTH levels, thereby inferring that the medication may have detrimental effects upon calcium homeostasis among gastric bypass patients. The risk of having pathological PTH levels was more than tripled among those with PPI treatment, highlighting the importance of specialized follow-up while also suggesting that a limited duration of PPI treatment is preferable.
Inverse U-shaped association between weight-adjusted waist index and femur bone mineral density in the older adults:NHANES 2005-2018
Authors: Wang Jun , Lv Xin , Huang Jianjun , Liu Xiaogang , Liu Yaobo , Hao Gang , Lu Bocheng 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The weight-adjusted waist Index (WWI) emerges as a novel metric for assessing obesity. The aim of this research was to explore the association between WWI and total femoral Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in the older adults of the United States. This study involving individuals aged 60 years and older utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) across five survey cycles (from 2005–2010, 2013–2014, and 2017–2018) to examine the association between WWI and total femur BMD. In this research, we employed a suite of statistical methods to explore both linear and nonlinear associations. Additionally, a threshold effect analysis was conducted to ascertain the saturation threshold for WWI. Analysis via multivariate linear regression uncovered a notably positive correlation between WWI and total femur BMD among 7292 US seniors aged 60 years and older [β: 0.0138, 95% CI: (0.0069, 0.0206), P: 0.0003]. Consistent positive correlations were observed across various demographic subgroups. Furthermore, in the smooth curve fitting analysis ,an inverse U-shaped association was identified between the WWI and total femur BMD.And in the threshold effect analysis, the critical inflection point was established at 11.93 cm/√kg. So, this research established an inverse U-shaped association between WWI and total femur BMD in the older adults,and maintaining a certain level of WWI may have a positive protective effect on total femur BMD of the older adults in the United States.
Does Pre-Checkpoint Inhibitor Sarcopenia, Visceral, or Subcutaneous Fat Predict Survival in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients?
Authors: Kooser Julia , Davis Mellar , Guo Tian , Vanenkevort Erin , Young Amanda , Koppenhaver Nicole , Lagerman Braxton , Gupta Mudit , Patel Aalpen , Wojtowicz Mark 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The role of skeletal muscle area (SMA), subcutaneous, and visceral fat area (SFA and VFA) in cancer survivorship is inconsistent. We investigated the prognostic significance of the skeletal muscle index, subcutaneous and visceral fat area specifically via CT scans around the time of checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods
CT scans of patients within 60 days of checkpoint inhibitor medication use were utilized to assess skeletal muscle area visceral fat index (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA), and visceral and subcutaneous fat ratio corrected by patients’ height in meters squared. Skeletal muscle and fat areas at L3 were read by a single trained reader using TeraRecon software. Survival (in days) was calculated from the first CT scan to the death date. Survival analysis was performed using a Cox proportional hazards model to evaluate the association between body composition metrics and patient survival outcomes at one and two years. Multiple regression models were utilized with all CT parameters in a single model
Results
With 46 patients included in the analysis, our results did not show a significant relationship between any parameters assessed (SMA, SFA, VFA, visceral and subcutaneous fat ratio, and days from checkpoint inhibitor therapy to initial scan) and cancer survivorship in either female or male patients.
Discussion
Our results demonstrate no significant relationship between the parameters assessed and NSCLC survivorship in either male or female patients, which is consistent with small studies. However, meta-analyses of multiple studies support the association of pre-immunotherapy with reduced survival.
Conclusion
Pre-treatment Sarcopenia, SFA, and VFA do not appear to predict cancer survival on checkpoint inhibitors in small studies. Larger studies are needed to explore the utility of CT scan-derived SMI and fat area in predicting checkpoint inhibitor benefits in patients with lung cancer.
A Prospective, Longitudinal, Comparative Analysis of the World Health Organization / International Committee of the Red Cross Basic Emergency Care Course on Emergency Medicine Knowledge and Confidence Among Recent Medical School Graduates
Authors: Michaeli Nichole , Beck Andrew , De Luca Giovanna , Gitau Mary , Lubetkin Derek , Ochieng Derick , Wanjiku Grace W. , Myers Justin G. 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
The Basic Emergency Care (BEC) course was created by the World Health Organization (WHO) in collaboration with the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the International Federation for Emergency Medicine (IFEM) to train frontline providers in low-resource settings. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the course for graduating medical students at the University of Nairobi one year after BEC course completion.
Methods
This longitudinal, prospective, comparative study was conducted with recent graduates of the University of Nairobi School of Medicine from October 2021 to May 2023. Participants’ retention of emergency medicine knowledge was assessed with a multiple-choice examination 12 to 18 months after completing the BEC course. A survey assessed participants’ confidence in managing patients with emergencies 12–18 months after completing the BEC course using a 4-point Likert scale. These results were compared to a control group of recent University of Nairobi School of Medicine graduates who did not take the BEC course
Results
The follow-up test scores were lower than the immediate post-course test scores, which suggests some knowledge loss over time. Compared to the control group, the BEC participants had higher test scores during the follow-up period although the difference was not significant. There was no difference between most of the immediate post-course and follow-up survey responses. On follow-up evaluation, BEC participants reported a significant decrease in confidence in understanding emergency drugs and managing an obstructed airway and a patient requiring immobilization. However, compared to the control group, BEC participants had significantly higher self-reported confidence in most areas assessed by the survey.
Conclusion
This study shows that the WHO BEC course is an effective tool for emergency medicine training for recent graduates from the University of Nairobi. There was an overall increase in confidence among newly practicing physicians who took the BEC. The participants’ decrease in knowledge and confidence 12 to 18 months after the BEC course suggests the need for regular refresher courses.
A Green Three-Ratio Manipulating Spectrophotometric ApproachesFor the determination of a binary mixture of pantoprazole and domperidone
Authors: Abuseada Hamed Hamed Mohamed , Sattar Osama Ibrahim Abdel- , Madkour Ahmed , Taha Ahmed Sobhy 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Pantoprazole (PAN), a proton pump inhibitor, is widely prescribed to treat gastrointestinal disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disorder (GERD), and hyperacidity. Suppressing gastric acid secretion effectively alleviates symptoms like heartburn, acid regurgitation, and indigestion. Domperidone (DOM), a prokinetic agent, that enhances gastrointestinal motility is often prescribed with PAN in patients with additional motility disorders. This combination is useful for patients who suffer from nausea, vomiting, or bloating due to motility dysfunction. (Pantosec-D) tablets contain both PAN and DOM This combination provides rapid relief from gastrointestinal symptoms by addressing both acid-related and motility-related issues. This combination ensures better management of gastrointestinal problems by enhancing the patient's comfort and quality of life. The establishment and validation of three spectrophotometric techniques—the ratio difference (RD), the first derivatives (1DD), and the mean centering (MC) methods of the ratio spectra—for determining PAN and DOM in combined pharmaceutical formulations are presented in this study. These methods are based on manipulating the ratio spectra of the cited medications to resolve their spectral overlapping, including the RD, 1DD, and MC methods. DOM was measured using the RD method, which calculated the amplitude difference between 209 and 233 nm. Conversely, PAN was evaluated by determining the 254 and 223 nm amplitude differences. DOM and PAN were shown to be selectively determined at 215 nm and 249 nm, respectively, using the first derivatives of the ratio spectra approach. PAN was evaluated at 254 nm in the mean centering method, whereas DOM was specifically quantified at 209 nm. The suggested procedures were verified in compliance with ICH regulations. Pharmaceutical formulations comprising PAN and DOM were effectively analyzed using the linear correlations obtained for both drugs over concentration ranges of zero–52 µg/mL and 1–18 µg/mL, respectively. Compared with reported chromatographic methods, these techniques provide easy-to-use, reasonably priced, and dependable substitutes for the standard quality control of these medications in mixed dosage forms.
Strength profile of the superior and inferior rotator cuff: A comparison between painful and non-painful participants aged between 18 and 75 years.
Authors: Briel Sonia , Brandt Corlia , Olivier Benita 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background:
The ideal force couple ratio of the superior cuff, supraspinatus versus anterior deltoid is yet to be determined in both an athletic and non-athletic population.
Objective:
To determine the muscle force and muscle force couple ratios of the superior cuff, between the supraspinatus and the anterior deltoid and of the inferior cuff, between the external rotators and the internal rotators in painful and non- painful shoulders in an adult non-athletic population.
Methods:
This was an analytical cross-sectional study. The shoulders of both painful and non-painful shoulders of adults, females and males aged between 18 years and 75 years of age were tested. The ratios of the superior cuff (supraspinatus versus anterior deltoid) and of the inferior cuff (external versus the internal rotators) were determined.
Results:
Specific force couple ratio of supraspinatus versus anterior deltoid was determined. Higher values for the force couple’s ratios were concluded in the non-painful group of supraspinatus: anterior deltoid of 1.25 (0.20) versus the lower value of the painful group of supraspinatus: anterior deltoid of 1.20 (0.23). Statistically significant difference was determined between supraspinatus: anterior deltoid in males (1.25) versus females of (1.16) (p > 0.12) with a small effect size of (0.27). Statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) of the external rotators force values between the non-painful and the painful participants were determined. No significant difference of the internal rotator force values between the non-painful and the painful participants were determined.
Conclusions:
All force couple ratios should be considered in the evaluation and rehabilitation of all population groups.
Pediatric Odontogenic Infection Treatment Approaches: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Emodi Omri , Frid Hanna , Rachmiel Adi , Bilder Amir , Elzami Ron , Rashish Sharon , Klein Adi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Severe pediatric odontogenic infections may result from caries, periodontal issues, or direct trauma. Untreated, they can cause serious complications. Treatment protocols vary between hospitals. This study compared patient characteristics, treatment outcomes, and hospitalization parameters in two Israeli hospitals. A retrospective (2018–2021) cohort study included patients under 18 suffering from dental infections treated at the Maxillofacial Surgery Department of Rambam Health Care Campus (RHCC) in Haifa, Israel, or the Pediatrics Department of Hillel Yaffe Medical Center (HYMC) in Hadera, Israel. Data included patient demographics, clinical evaluations, treatments, and hospitalization details. The treatment protocol of each hospital was the predictor variable (HYMC: hospitalization with IV antibiotics; RHCC: tooth extraction with subperiosteal drainage). The primary and secondary outcomes were hospitalization duration and days to clinical improvement, respectively. A total of 156 patients (78 per hospital) were enrolled. The total hospitalization period was twice as long at HYMC compared to RHCC (3.6 ± 1.2 vs 1.9 ± 0.7; p < 0.001), and the time to clinical improvement was nearly three times higher (3.5 ± 1.3 vs 1.1 ± 0.3; p < 0.001). The study demonstrates that surgical treatment results in faster clinical improvement and shorter hospitalization, indicating the need for personalized treatment protocols to optimize patient outcomes.
Navigating the Cityscape: Role of Urban Elements in Imageability of Residential neighbourhoods, Case of Ahmedabad
Authors: Shaju Ar. Anushree , Raval Prof. Pooja 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Cities have been primarily identified with the identical character and memory that the built landscape offers. The research aims to identify the spatial dimensions and structural elements that qualitatively evaluate urban forms contributing to imageability by examining how residents perceive their neighborhoods, including physical elements and social interactions. In Ahmedabad’s case, the residential neighborhoods in the east and west have remarkably contrasting built and social environments. The research contributes to the evolved ideas of legibility and way-finding in the contemporary discourses of Indian cities through qualitative research with identified cases.
Multi-omics analysis reveals the alleviating effects of Bifidobacterium infantis M-16V on food allergy through modulation of gut microbiota, metabolome, and gene expression in mice and infants
Authors: Li Na , Zhang Yufei , Gao Shenshen , Zhang Qingqing , Wang Xinqiong , Cui Weiwei , Xu Chundi 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Food allergy (FA) has become a growing public health issue globally, with a steady increase in prevalence over recent decades. Despite this, effective treatment strategies remain elusive. Modulating the composition and function of gut microbiota through probiotic intervention has gained attention as a promising strategy for the prevention and management of FA.
Results
M-16V alleviated infants’ clinical symptoms such as crying, reflux, and abnormal stool patterns, which were accompanied by improvements in biochemical parameters. M-16V significantly attenuated mice OVA-induced allergic responses, suppressed the production of OVA-sIgE and OVA-sIgG1, elevated OVA-sIgA levels, and downregulated the expression of allergy-related mRNA. In both mice and infants, microbial metabolic pathways were pivotal in modulating immune cell function. Notably, M-16V enhanced the abundance and diversity of the gut microbiota.
Conclusion
Our results highlight the therapeutic efficacy of M-16V in mitigating FA and provide valuable insights for developing of novel microbiota-targeted interventions aimed at the prevention and treatment of FA.
Optimal screening method for targetable gene rearrangements in papillary thyroid carcinoma with wild-type BRAF
Authors: Jin Meihua , Kim Chae A , Jeon Min Ji , Lee Yu-Mi , Sung Tae-Yon , Kim Tae Yong , Kim Won Bae , Kim Won Gu , Song Dong Eun 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

The continued advancement of targeted therapies for actionable gene rearrangements has increased the demand for cost-effective screening methods for detecting these gene rearrangements in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Herein, ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing was performed on 106 patients with PTC having wild-type BRAF. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 (n = 58) included patients selected by an endocrine pathologist based on characteristic pathological features, including multinodular invasive growth, prominent intratumoral stromal fibrosis, mixed-growth patterns with varying degrees of nuclear atypia, pale eosinophilic to clear cytoplasm, and/or multiple lymph node (LN) metastasis. These patients were prescreened and then subjected to pan-tyrosine receptor kinase (TRK) immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and RNA sequencing. In Group 2, RNA sequencing was conducted on samples from 48 randomly selected patients. Gene rearrangements were identified in 66 patients (62.3%), with a significantly higher proportion in Group 1 (77.6%) than in Group 2 (43.8%) (p < 0.001). NTRK was the most common gene rearrangement, which was detected in 31 patients (29.2%). The second most common gene rearrangement was RET (18.9%), followed by ALK (9.4%), and then BRAF (2.8%). Patients with gene rearrangements were significantly younger and had smaller primary tumors, although they demonstrated greater extrathyroidal extension and LN metastasis than those without rearrangements. Pan-TRK IHC revealed a sensitivity of 52% and a specificity of 94% for the prediction of NTRK gene rearrangements. This study demonstrates that pathological screening combined with pan-TRK IHC is a cost-effective method for examining targetable gene rearrangements in patients with PTC having wild-type BRAF.
N7-methylguanosine-based signature for tumor subtyping and prognosis and immunotherapy prediction of stomach cancer
Authors: Luo Jin , Mai Yunxiao , Wang Xiaowu , Chen Shengxiang , Ye Chengmeng , Yuan Ziwei , Hu Xiao , Zhou Ruiyao 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Background
Gastric cancer is an aggressive disease with complex tumor heterogeneity, influenced by genomic, transcriptomic, and translational processes. N7-methylguanylate (m7G) modification is a potential factor in tumor heterogeneity, but its role in gastric cancer remains unclear.
Methods
We conducted cluster analysis on m7G-related genes in the TCGA-STAD dataset to identify gene patterns. Using LASSO regression, we identified genes that were differentially expressed in relation to m7G. A nomogram was developed to predict patient prognosis based on these genes. To further explore the molecular mechanisms, we performed survival analysis, functional enrichment analysis, and gene silencing experiments. Additionally, we examined tumor mutations, immune cell infiltration, and immune-related genes to evaluate immune responses and drug sensitivity.
Results
Clustering analysis identified two main gene groups linked to m7G modification. Survival analysis showed that high-risk patients, based on the selected genes, had poorer outcomes. Functional enrichment revealed that m7G modification influences tumor heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment (TME), impacting prognosis. Silencing RASGRF2, the most significantly impacted gene, inhibited survival, proliferation, invasion, and migration of gastric cancer cells (AGS and HGC-27). Correlation analysis of immune responses and mutation patterns suggested that m7G modification affects the effectiveness of immunotherapy and drug sensitivity.
Conclusions
m7G modification plays a critical role in gastric cancer, influencing tumor heterogeneity and prognosis. The predictive nomogram provides a robust tool for forecasting patient survival, and targeting m7G modification could offer new therapeutic opportunities.