bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Birth anthropometry and cord blood leptin in Korean appropriate-for-gestational-age infants born at ≥ 28 weeks’ gestation: a cross sectional study
Authors: Kang Seok Jin , Bae Jin Gon , Kim Shin , Park Jae Hyun 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
We investigated whether leptin during the third trimester was associated with fetal growth compared to IGF-1.

Methods
One hundred five appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants born at ≥28 weeks’ gestation were enrolled. Cord blood leptin and insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were collected simultaneously during delivery. Enrolled infants were stratified into three groups according to GA as follows: 28 to < 34 weeks’ gestation, very preterm (VP); 34 to < 37 weeks’ gestation, late preterm (LP); and 37 to < 41 weeks’ gestation, term. Birth weight (BW), birth length (BL), head circumference (HC), and body mass index (BMI) were measured. Leptin and IGF-1 were logarithmically transformed to normalize their distributions in multivariable regression analysis.

Results
Sixty-eight infants out of 105 infants were preterm (32.5 ± 2.5 weeks), and 37 infants were term (37.8 ± 1.2 weeks). BW, BL, HC, and BMI were higher with increasing gestational age among the three gestational age-specific groups. With regard to hormones, leptin and IGF-1 were higher with increasing gestational age. Log cord serum leptin was independently associated with BW and BL in multivariable linear regression analysis, after adjustment for confounding factors including gestational age, delivery mode, multiple pregnancy, pregnancy induced hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, infant’s BMI, and log cord blood IGF-1 levels.

Conclusions
During the third trimester, cord serum leptin was independently associated with fetal growth.
Whole genome sequencing for the investigation of canine mammary tumor inheritance - an initial assessment of high-risk breast cancer genes reveal BRCA2 and STK11 variants potentially associated with risk in purebred dogs
Authors: Huskey Anna L. W. , Goebel Katie , Lloveras-Fuentes Carlos , McNeely Isaac , Merner Nancy D. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundAlthough, in general, cancer is considered a multifactorial disease, clustering of particular cancers in pedigrees suggests a genetic predisposition and could explain why some dog breeds appear to have an increased risk of certain cancers. To our knowledge, there have been no published reports of whole genome sequencing to investigate inherited canine mammary tumor (CMT) risk, and with little known about CMT genetic susceptibility, we carried out whole genome sequencing on 14 purebred dogs diagnosed with mammary tumors from four breed-specific pedigrees. Following sequencing, each dog’s data was processed through a bioinformatics pipeline. This initial report highlights variants in orthologs of human breast cancer susceptibility genes.ResultsThe overall whole genome and exome coverage averages were 26.0X and 25.6X, respectively, with 96.1% of the genome and 96.7% of the exome covered at least 10X. Of the average 7.9 million variants per dog, initial analyses involved surveying variants in orthologs of human breast cancer susceptibility genes,BRCA1,BRCA2,CDH1,PTEN,STK11,andTP53, and identified 19 unique coding variants that were validated through PCR and Sanger sequencing. Statistical analyses identified variants inBRCA2andSTK11that appear to be associated with CMT, and breed-specific analyses revealed the breeds at the highest risk. Several additionalBRCA2variants showed trends toward significance, but have conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity, and correspond to variants of unknown significance in humans, which require further investigation. Variants in other genes were noted but did not appear to be associated with disease.ConclusionsWhole genome sequencing proves to be an effective method to elucidate risk of CMT. Risk variants in orthologs of human breast cancer susceptibility genes have been identified. Ultimately, these whole genome sequencing efforts have provided a plethora of data that can also be assessed for novel discovery and have the potential to lead to breakthroughs in canine and human research through comparative analyses.
Unpacking the Black Box of Translation: A framework for infusing spatial thinking into curricula
Authors: Gagnier Kristin M. , Fisher Kelly R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundSpatial thinking skills are strongly correlated with achievement in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields and emerging research suggests that interventions aimed at building students’ skills will likely yield measurable impacts on learning across K-12 settings. The importance of spatial thinking in science has received increased attention in academic discussions; however, the intentional practice of teaching spatial thinking skills is still largely absent from K-12 education. The translation of science into educational practice is challenging for a variety of reasons, including the difficulty “translating” research findings into practical applications and limited resources to support its development, implementation, and evaluation. Given these obstacles, one may ask “can spatial thinking be brought to the classroom?” In this paper, we argue that in order to effectively move research into the classroom, we must first systematically explorehowspatial thinking can be translated into practice.ApproachWe present a use-inspired, integrative framework that draws upon planned action and translation science theories, as well as research from cognitive, developmental, educational, and implementation sciences, to guide the infusion of spatial thinking into science curricula. In theKnowledge Translation Framework(KTF), translation is conceived as a multistage process, proceeding through seven stages: (1) the identification of relevant disciplinary and contextual knowledge, (2) the synthesis and translation of knowledge into guidelines to support the infusion of knowledge into the curriculum, (3) the development of tools to support curriculum development, implementation, and track the translation process, (4) the iterative development and refinement of the spatially-enhanced curriculum, (5) the creation of an analysis plan to evaluate the impact of the spatial enhancements and other contextual features on learning, (6) the development and implementation of an intervention plan, and (7) the evaluation of the intervention.ConclusionThe KTF is a use-inspired, integrative framework that unpacks the translation process and offers practical guidance on how a team may synthesize scientific and contextual knowledge, infuse it into a curriculum, and evaluate its impact in ways that will yield scientific understandingandpractical knowledge. We also provide illustrative examples of how this approach was used to spatially enhance an elementary science curriculum.
Optimizing the implementation of a population panel management intervention in safety-net clinics for pediatric hypertension (The OpTIMISe–Pediatric Hypertension Study)
Authors: Smith Justin D. , Mohanty Nivedita , Davis Matthew M. , Knapp Ashley A. , Tedla Yacob G. , Carroll Allison J. , Price Heather E. , Villamar Juan A. , Padilla Roxane , Jordan Neil , Brown C. Hendricks , Langman Craig B. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackgroundThough clinical practice guidelines are available, the diagnosis of pediatric hypertension (HTN) is often missed. Management may not follow guidelines due to the measurement challenges in children, complexity of interpreting youth blood pressure standards that are dependent on height, age, and sex, familiarity with diagnostic criteria, and variable comfort with management of pediatric HTN among providers. Evidence suggests that wide adoption and adherence to pediatric HTN guidelines would result in lower cardiovascular disease and kidney damage in adulthood. The proposed project will develop an implementation strategy package to increase adherence to clinical practice guidelines for pediatric HTN within safety-net community health centers (CHCs). The centerpiece of which is a provider-facing population panel management (PPM) tool and point-of-care clinical decision support (CDS). Prior research indicates that multiple discrete implementation strategies (e.g., stakeholder involvement, readiness planning, training, ongoing audit and feedback) are needed to institute practice- and provider-level adoption of such tools.MethodsUsing participatory research methods involving stakeholders from a practice-based research network of CHCs, with input from scientific advisors, the project aims to (1) employ user-centered design methods to tailor an existing CDS tool for use at the point of care and optimize cohort management with a PPM tool to support adherence to the latest pediatric HTN guidelines, and (2) use a stakeholder-driven method for selecting implementation strategies that support tool adoption and increase guideline-adherent physician behaviors. Multilevel process evaluation using surveys and key informant interview data will assess the acceptability, adoption, appropriateness, cost, and feasibility of the PPM tool and its multicomponent implementation strategy package. Usability testing will be conducted with the PPM tool to iteratively refine features and ensure proper functionality.DiscussionThe proposed research has the potential to improve identification, diagnosis, and management of HTN in primary care settings for high-risk youth by assisting healthcare providers in implementing the American Academy of Pediatrics’ 2017 guidelines using an EHR-integrated PPM tool with CDS. Should the strategy package for PPM tool adoption be successful for pediatric HTN, findings will be translatable to other settings and PPM of other chronic cardiovascular conditions affecting overall population health.
Mercury and cadmium in striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) stranded along the Southern Tyrrhenian and Western Ionian coasts
Authors: ESPOSITO MAURO , CAPOZZO DANIELA , SANSONE DONATO , LUCIFORA GIUSEPPE , LA NUCARA RAFFAELLA , PICAZIO GIUSEPPE , RIVERSO CATERINA , GALLO PASQUALE 
Published: June 2020

Pollution from heavy metals is becoming a serious and widespread problem due to their persistent and bioaccumulative nature, moreover in the Mediterranean Sea, threatening food safety and the health of humans and marine animals. Cadmium and mercury in particular, are considered two of the most toxic metals to living organisms. Their presence is associated with the contribution of human activity, implying an increased level in the different environmental compartments and the inevitable bioaccumulation in the food chain.In this study, levels of cadmium and mercury were determined in liver, kidney, and muscle tissue of dolphinid specimens of Stenella coeruleoalba stranded in different locations along the coastal areas of the Tyrrhenian and Ionian Sea in Southern Italy, during the period 2015–2018 by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Data were compared with those reported for other locations along the Mediterranean sea. The correlations between biometric data (body length, weight and gender) and cadmium and mercury concentrations in samples of cetaceans were statistically analysed in order to investigate the risk these contaminants may pose to the delphinids health.Examination of the pattern of contaminants revealed a significantly high distribution for mercury in all the matrices analyzed (liver, kidney and muscle tissue). On the contrary, elevated concentrations of cadmium were found only in liver (range: 0.005 - 8.95 mg/kg w.w.) and kidney (range: 0.005 - 34.1 mg/kg w.w.) due to accumulator role of these organs in long-term exposures.
Assessment of a demonstrator repository for individual clinical trial data built upon DSpace
Authors: Tilki Birol , Schulenberg Thomas , Canham Steve , Banzi Rita , Kuchinke Wolfgang , Ohmann Christian 
Published: June 2020

Background: Given the increasing number and heterogeneity of data repositories, an improvement and harmonisation of practice within repositories for clinical trial data is urgently needed. The objective of the study was to develop and evaluate a demonstrator repository, using a widely used repository system (DSpace), and then explore its suitability for providing access to individual participant data (IPD) from clinical research. Methods: After a study of the available options, DSpace (version 6.3) was selected as the software for developing a demonstrator implementation of a repository for clinical trial data. In total, 19 quality criteria were defined, using previous work assessing clinical data repositories as a guide, and the demonstrator implementation was then assessed with respect to those criteria. Results: Generally, the performance of the DSpace demonstrator repository in supporting sensitive personal data such as that from clinical trials was strong, with 14 requirements demonstrated (74%), including the necessary support for metadata and identifiers. Two requirements could not be demonstrated (the ability to include de-identification tools and the availabiltiy of a self-attestation system) and three requirements were only partially demonstrated (ability to provide links to de-identification tools and requirements, incorporation of a data transfer agreement in system workflow, and capability to offer managed access through application on a case by case basis). Conclusions: Technically, the system was able to support most of the pre-defined requirements, though there are areas where support could be improved. Of course, in a productive repository, appropriate policies and procedures would be needed to direct the use of the available technical features. A technical evaluation should therefore be seen as indicating a system’s potential, rather than being a definite assessment of its suitability. DSpace clearly has considerable potential in this context and appears a suitable base for further exploration of the issues around storing sensitive data.
Parental involvement in a multidisciplinary PhD programme in neonatal brain injury
Authors: Molloy Eleanor J. , Daly Mandy , Ryan Paul , Corcoran Paul , Bokde Arun , Quigley Jean , Nixon Elizabeth , Brennan Sabina , Devane Declan , Watson Mark , Corcoran Beth , Murray Deirdre , O'Farrell Fiona , Keogh Sharon , Ni Bhraonain Elaine , Boylan Geraldine ,   HRB NEPTUNE project
Published: June 2020

Parental and patient and public involvement (PPI) involvement is a core element of the Neonatal Brain Consortium Ireland Ireland (NBCI) since its inception. PPI representatives were critical to the development of the Consortium and the animations for parent information as well as the NEPTUNE Neonatal Encephalopathy PhD programme in which they are core members involved in PhD supervision, publications, study days and educational outreach. Key outputs have also included national clinical guidelines and parent information.
An exploration of young carers’ experiences in school and their perceptions regarding their future career - a scoping review protocol
Authors: Moloney Breda , Kroll Thilo , Lafferty Attracta 
Published: June 2020

Background: Young carers are individuals under 18 years who care for a relative with an illness, disability, a mental health issue or addiction. Across the world, it is challenging to calculate the exact numbers due to the invisible nature of their role that can exist due to stigmatisation and fear of authoritative intrusion. As young carers reach 16 years and over, future career prospects become more significant. Young carers are more likely than their peers not to be in education, employment, or training and are more likely to do poorly at school or college than their non-caregiving peers due to the demands of caring. Recognising that positive engagement at school is a vital correlate of positive employment outcomes, young carers are at risk as their caring role can limit the range of employment opportunities open to them. This paper outlines the protocol for a robust synthesis of the literature surrounding young carers and their career perceptions. The scoping review will address the research question ‘What is known from the literature about young carers in school and their career perceptions?’ The overall aim of this paper is to present a protocol for the scoping review to map the key concepts, types of evidence, and gaps in research related to young carers in school and their future careers. Methods: The review will follow Arksey and O’Malley (2005) and Levac et al.’s, (2010) Scoping Review Framework. The steps involved include: (1) research question identification; (2) relevant studies identification; (3) selection of studies; (4) data charting; (5) collating, summarising and reporting the results; and (6) stakeholders consultation. Conclusions: The scoping review is an appropriate first step to employ in presenting the literature to inform a larger research study on young carers’ experiences in school and their perceptions regarding their future careers.
Influence of diet on the gut microbiota
Authors: Dąbrowska Justyna , Wójcik Magdalena , Boreński Grzegorz , Bator Damian , Milanowska Joanna 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Gut microbiota is still a new direction in medicine. The intestinal microbiota contains up to 100 trillion bacteria and around 1000 species. The composition of the intestinal microflora may be affected by external factors, among which eating habits can be considered as one of the most important. There are evidences how gut microbiota may affect the course of diseases, such as autism spectrium disorders, mood disorders, celiac disease, irritable bowel syndrome, diabetes and colorectal cancerThe aim of the study: The purpose of this systemic review was to collect and analyse current and new informations on the effect of diet on intestinal microbiota.Material and method: Standard criteria were used to review the literature data. The search of articles in the PubMed database was carried out using the following keywords: microbiota, gut, diet, gluten-free-diet, ketogenic-diet.Description of the state of knowledge: There are many studies that show the effect of diet on the intestinal microflora. Changing the amount of plant fiber consumed, ketogenic diet, gluten-free diet can affect the composition of the intestinal microflora in various ways, as shown by the evidence presented by us. For instance ketogenic diet in patients with refractory epilepsy may reduce the symptoms of the disease, which is associated with changes in the composition of gut microbiota.Summary: Diet is a promising direction of development, due to being a factor which may improve the course of many diseases. However, despite the fact that many new studies have appeared in this field in the last decade, time is still needed to draw specific conclusions.
Information needs of older patients living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) indicated for a specific geriatric rehabilitation programme: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Wouters Timotheus J , van Dam van Isselt Eléonore F , Achterberg Wilco P 
Published: June 2020

Background: Post-acute rehabiitation is recommended in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It enhances the sense of control by education, which should focus on patient information needs. However, it is unknown whether a geriatric rehabilitation programme for older patients with advanced COPD and severely impaired health status (the GR-COPD programme) does fit these patient information needs. Objectives: The study aimed to identify the information needs of patients who were eligible for the GR-COPD programme, and investigated if health-related knowledge improved during rehabilitation. Methods: All patients indicated for the GR-COPD programme were eligible for this study. The information needs were measured with the Lung Information Needs Questionnaire (LINQ). Findings: The 158 patients (mean age 70.8 years; FEV1 %predicted: 35.5) showed relatively high baseline information needs (mean LINQ overall score: 8.6 [SD 3.1]), with the greatest need in the domains ‘diet’ and ‘self-management’. After follow-up, the mean LINQ overall score significantly improved in patients who completed the GR-COPD programme (p=0.001). Conclusion: Patients' knowledge showed a statistically significant improvement in some areas during the GR-COPD programme.
Tunable broadband all-silicon terahertz absorber based on a simple metamaterial structure
Authors: Lang Tingting , Shen Tingting , Wang Gangqi , Shen Changyu 
Published: June 2020

We propose and demonstrate a modulatable all-silicon terahertz absorber based on a cylindrical metamaterial structure. Broadband absorption is obtained from 0.86 to 2.00 THz, with an average absorbance of 94%, indicating a wide absorption bandwidth of 1.14 THz. The maximum absorption, around 1.24 THz, is up to 98%. We employ simulation results to investigate the physical properties of the absorption, and we attribute the broadband absorption to a combination of electric dipole and magnetic dipole modes. Furthermore, the tunable response of the all-silicon terahertz absorber under the optical pump beam, with different fluences, is studied using a hierarchical model for simulating the carrier density of the gradient distribution. Moreover, different polarizations and oblique incidences of terahertz waves are used to verify the polarization and angle-of-incidence insensitivity of the device. The absorber provides a simple method to design a modulated broadband terahertz absorber, and the design scheme is scalable to develop various tunable broadband absorbers at other frequencies. This work holds great potential in modulator applications, imaging devices, and energy conversion.
Single-shot two-dimensional spectroscopic magnetomotive optical coherence elastography with graphics processing unit acceleration
Authors: Huang Pin-Chieh , Iyer Rishyashring R. , Liu Yuan-Zhi , Boppart Stephen A. 
Published: June 2020

Biomechanical contrast within tissues can be assessed based on the resonant frequency probed by spectroscopic magnetomotive optical coherence elastography (MM-OCE). However, to date, in vivo MM-OCE imaging has not been achieved, mainly due to the constraints on imaging speed. Previously, spatially-resolved spectroscopic contrast was achieved in a “multiple-excitation, multiple-acquisition” manner, where seconds of coil cooling time set between consecutive imaging frames lead to total acquisition times of tens of minutes. Here, we demonstrate an improved data acquisition speed by providing a single chirped force excitation prior to magnetomotion imaging with a BM-scan configuration. In addition, elastogram reconstruction was accelerated by exploiting the parallel computing capability of a graphics processing unit (GPU). The accelerated MM-OCE platform achieved data acquisition in 2.9 s and post-processing in 0.6 s for a 2048-frame BM-mode stack. In addition, the elasticity sensing functionality was validated on tissue-mimicking phantoms with high spatial resolution. For the first time, to the best of our knowledge, MM-OCE images were acquired from the skin of a living mouse, demonstrating its feasibility for in vivo imaging.