bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the sustained effectiveness of a multimodal intervention aimed at influencing PIVC insertion practices in the emergency department
Authors: Lim Zheng Jie , Nagle Daniel , McAllan Fern , Ramanan Radha , Dendle Claire , Stuart Rhonda L , Egerton-Warburton Diana 
Published: May 2020

IntroductionMultimodal interventions (MMI) are frequently used in various healthcare settings to encourage change in healthcare personnel practices and improve patient safety. In 2013, an MMI conducted in an Australian metropolitan ED used clinician champions, guidelines, education sessions and promotional materials to encourage a reduction in unused and inappropriate peripheral intravenous cannulas (PIVC). A 60-day postintervention demonstrated a successful reduction in the number of unused PIVCs without changes in appropriate insertions. We aimed to investigate if this MMI produced a sustained effect in reducing the frequency of unused PIVCs inserted in this ED.MethodsA single-centre retrospective cohort study of adult patients presenting to the above ED in Victoria, Australia, was conducted in April 2018. A random sample of 380 patients with a PIVC inserted in ED was assessed to determine if the PIVC was used (termed ‘Long-term follow-up’). The appropriateness of unused PIVCs was assessed. Our findings were compared with previously collected data in 2013 (‘Pre-Intervention’ and ‘Immediately Post-Intervention’) to determine a sustained reduction in the frequency of unused PIVC insertions was achieved. Long-term analysis of the MMI, including the overall frequency of PIVC insertions in ED before and after the MMI, was also collected.ResultsIn our Long-term follow-up cohort, 101 of 373 (27.1%, 95% CI 22.6% to 31.9%) PIVCs were unused (seven cases excluded). This was significantly lower than the Pre-Intervention cohort (139/376, 37.0%, 95% CI 32.1% to 42.1%). While not significant, the frequency of unused PIVCs in the Post-Intervention cohort was lower in comparison (73/378, 19.3%, 95% CI 15.4% to 23.7%). No significant change in the appropriateness of unused PIVCs was observed between the Post-Intervention and Long-term follow-up. The overall proportion of patients receiving a PIVC has remained low since the MMI.ConclusionAn MMI aimed at reducing unused PIVC insertions in ED has been effective in eliciting sustained change. Unused but appropriately inserted PIVCs seem unaffected by the intervention.
Association of the HTR2C-759C/T polymorphism and antipsychotic-induced weight gain: a meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yan , Wang Yewei , Fang Xinyu , Zhang Yi , Song Lisheng , Zhang Chen 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundAntipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG) is a crucial factor for the medication cessation of patients with schizophrenia. Multiple studies have shown that the functional polymorphism -759 C/T (rs3813929) in theHTR2Cpromoter region could possibly be correlated with AIWG.AimTo evaluate the genetic association of the HTR2C-759C/T polymorphism and AIWG in patients with schizophrenia with antipsychotic drugs (APDs) administration.MethodsEligible studies were identified by searching the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China Nation Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, Wanfang Data, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) and the Airiti Library. The quality of studies was evaluated based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The pooled OR and 95% CI were calculated for the dominant (CT/TT/T vs CC/C) mode, and subgroup analyses were performed based on ethnicity, antipsychotic medication and gender; all statistical analyses were performed using the statistical software STATA V.12.0.ResultA total of 17 studies with 3170 patients with schizophrenia were included in our meta-analysis. The result of the meta-analysis has shown that the association between the -759 C/T polymorphism and AIWG is statistically significant (OR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.57, z=4.11, p<0.001). The subgroup analyses revealed significant correlations between the -759 C/T polymorphism and AIWG in the Caucasian population (OR 0.33, 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.77, z=2.55, p=0.011), the Asian population (OR 0.31, 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.52, z=4.46, p<0.001), the patients with APDs administration (CT/TT/T vs CC/C: OR 0.63, 95% CI: 0.40 to 1.00, z=1.97, p=0.049) and the patients with atypical antipsychotic drug administration (CT/TT/T vs CC/C: OR 0.21, 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.47, z=3.83, p<0.001). The sensitivity analysis showed that the results were stable. Begg’s test (after correction z=1.07, p=0.287) and Egger’s test (t=−2.41, p=0.029) show that the included articles have no significant publication bias.ConclusionThere is a significant genetic association betweenHTR2C-759C/T and AIWG, and patients with T allele are less likely to have AIWG.
Pre-existing mental disorder, clinical profile, inpatient services and costs in people hospitalised following traumatic spinal injury: a whole population record linkage study
Authors: Sharwood Lisa Nicole , Wiseman Taneal , Tseris Emma , Curtis Kate , Vaikuntam Bharat , Craig Ashley , Young Jesse 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundRisk of traumatic injury is increased in individuals with mental illness, substance use disorder and dual diagnosis (mental disorders); these conditions will pre-exist among individuals hospitalised with acute traumatic spinal injury (TSI). Although early intervention can improve outcomes for people who experience mental disorders or TSI, the incidence, management and cost of this often complex comorbid health profile is not sufficiently understood. In a whole population cohort of patients hospitalised with acute TSI, we aimed to describe the prevalence of pre-existing mental disorders and compare differences in injury epidemiology, costs and inpatient allied health service access.MethodsRecord linkage study of all hospitalised cases of TSI between June 2013 and June 2016 in New South Wales, Australia. TSI was defined by specific International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM) codes. Mental disorder status was considered as pre-existing where specific ICD-10-AM codes were recorded in incident admissions.Results13 489 individuals sustained acute TSI during this study. 13.11%, 6.06% and 1.82% had pre-existing mental illness, substance use disorder and dual diagnosis, respectively. Individuals with mental disorder were older (p<0.001), more likely to have had a fall or self-harmed (p<0.001), experienced almost twice the length of stay and inpatient complications, and increased injury severity compared with individuals without mental disorder (p<0.001).ConclusionIndividuals hospitalised for TSI with pre-existing mental disorder have greater likelihood of increased injury severity and more complex, costly acute care admissions compared with individuals without mental disorder. Care pathway optimisation including prevention of hospital-acquired complications for people with pre-existing mental disorders hospitalised for TSI is warranted.
Why does Russia have such high cardiovascular mortality rates? Comparisons of blood-based biomarkers with Norway implicate non-ischaemic cardiac damage
Authors: lakunchykova Olena , Averina Maria , Wilsgaard Tom , Watkins Hugh , Malyutina Sofia , Ragino Yulia , Keogh Ruth H , Kudryavtsev Alexander V , Govorun Vadim , Cook Sarah , Schirmer Henrik , Eggen Anne Elise , Hopstock Laila Arnesdatter , Leon David A 
Published: May 2020

BackgroundRussia has one of the highest rates of mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). At age 35–69 years, they are eight times higher than in neighbouring Norway. Comparing profiles of blood-based CVD biomarkers between these two populations can help identify reasons for this substantial difference in risk.MethodsWe compared age-standardised mean levels of CVD biomarkers for men and women aged 40–69 years measured in two cross-sectional population-based studies: Know Your Heart (KYH) (Russia, 2015–2018; n=4046) and the seventh wave of the Tromsø Study (Tromsø 7) (Norway, 2015–2018; n=17 646). A laboratory calibration study was performed to account for inter-laboratory differences.ResultsLevels of total, low-density lipoprotein-, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides were comparable in KYH and Tromsø 7 studies. N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), high﻿-sensitivity cardiac ﻿troponin T (hs-cTnT) and high﻿-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were higher in KYH compared with Tromsø 7 (NT-proBNP was higher by 54.1% (95% CI 41.5% to 67.8%) in men and by 30.8% (95% CI 22.9% to 39.2%) in women; hs-cTnT—by 42.4% (95% CI 36.1% to 49.0%) in men and by 68.1% (95% CI 62.4% to 73.9%) in women; hsCRP—by 33.3% (95% CI 26.1% to 40.8%) in men and by 35.6% (95% CI 29.0% to 42.6%) in women). Exclusion of participants with pre-existing coronary heart disease (279 men and 282 women) had no substantive effect.ConclusionsDifferences in cholesterol fractions cannot explain the difference in CVD mortality rate between Russia and Norway. A non-ischemic pathway to the cardiac damage reflected by raised NT-proBNP and hs-cTnT is likely to contribute to high CVD mortality in Russia.
Rapid soil water recovery after conversion of introduced peashrub and alfalfa to natural grassland on northern China’s Loess Plateau
Authors: Cao Ruixue , Pei Yanwu , Jia Xiaoxu , Huang Laiming 
Published: May 2020

To evaluate the potential of soil water recovery after thinning, in situ soil water content in the 0–500 cm soil profile under thinned (50%–100%) and unthinned peashrub and alfalfa plots and a nearby natural grassland in the Liudaogou watershed in China’s Loess Plateau (CLP) was measured monthly during 2015–2017 growing season using a neutron probe. At the start of experiment, the profile soil water storage (SWS0–500 cm) under introduced peashrub and alfalfa was, respectively, 18.8% and 12.2% lower than that under natural grassland. This showed that there was higher water consumption by planted vegetation, compared with native grass. After thinning, SWS0–500 cm in thinned peashrub and alfalfa plots was significantly higher than that in unthinned plots due to decrease in both interception and transpiration. The increase in SWS0–500 cm in the 100% thinned peashrub plot (159.9–216.1 mm) was much higher than that in 50% thinned peashrub (39.1–169.8 mm) and 100% thinned alfalfa (20.3–118.1 mm) plots. This indicated that the extent of soil water recovery varied with thinning intensity and vegetation type. At the end of the third growing season, soil water restoration frontier in the thinned peashrub and alfalfa plots (>300 cm) was much greater than that in the unthinned plots (<180 cm). It also indicated that with thinning, soil water (<300 cm) can recover rapidly following two successive wet years. The results suggested that concerns about soil desiccation and the potential impact on long-term sustainability of restored ecosystems on CLP were resolvable.
Associated top quark pair production with a heavy boson: differential cross sections at NLO + NNLL accuracy
Authors: Kulesza Anna , Motyka Leszek , Schwartländer Daniel , Stebel Tomasz , Theeuwes Vincent 
Published: May 2020

AbstractWe present theoretical predictions for selected differential cross sections for the process $$pp \rightarrow t {\bar{t}}B$$pp→tt¯B at the LHC, where B can be a Higgs (H), a Z or a W boson. The predictions are calculated in the direct QCD framework up to the next-to-next-leading logarithmi accuracy and matched to the complete NLO results including QCD and electroweak effects. Additionally, results for the total cross sections are provided. The calculations deliver a significant improvement of the theoretical predictions, especially for the $$ t {\bar{t}}H$$tt¯H and the $$ t {\bar{t}}Z$$tt¯Z production. In these cases, predictions for both the total and differential cross sections are remarkably stable with respect to the central scale choice and carry a substantially reduced scale uncertainty in comparison with the complete NLO predictions.
State-Transition Analysis of Time-Sequential Gene Expression Identifies Critical Points That Predict Development of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Rockne Russell C. , Branciamore Sergio , Qi Jing , Frankhouser David E. , O'Meally Denis , Hua Wei-Kai , Cook Guerry , Carnahan Emily , Zhang Lianjun , Marom Ayelet , Wu Herman , Maestrini Davide , Wu Xiwei , Yuan Yate-Ching , Liu Zheng , Wang Leo D. , Forman Stephen , Carlesso Nadia , Kuo Ya-Huei , Marcucci Guido 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Temporal dynamics of gene expression inform cellular and molecular perturbations associated with disease development and evolution. Given the complexity of high-dimensional temporal genomic data, an analytic framework guided by a robust theory is needed to interpret time-sequential changes and to predict system dynamics. Here we model temporal dynamics of the transcriptome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a two-dimensional state-space representing states of health and leukemia using time-sequential bulk RNA-seq data from a murine model of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The state-transition model identified critical points that accurately predict AML development and identifies stepwise transcriptomic perturbations that drive leukemia progression. The geometry of the transcriptome state-space provided a biological interpretation of gene dynamics, aligned gene signals that are not synchronized in time across mice, and allowed quantification of gene and pathway contributions to leukemia development. Our state-transition model synthesizes information from multiple cell types in the peripheral blood and identifies critical points in the transition from health to leukemia to guide interpretation of changes in the transcriptome as a whole to predict disease progression.

Significance:
These findings apply the theory of state transitions to model the initiation and development of acute myeloid leukemia, identifying transcriptomic perturbations that accurately predict time to disease development.
See related commentary by Kuijjer, p. 3072
Disease prediction in big data healthcare using extended convolutional neural network techniques
Authors: Srinivasulu Asadi , Pushpa Asadi 
Published: May 2020

<span>Diabetes Mellitus is one of the growing fatal diseases all over the world. It leads to complications that include heart disease, stroke, and nerve disease, kidney damage. So, Medical Professionals want a reliable prediction system to diagnose Diabetes. To predict the diabetes at earlier stage, different machine learning techniques are useful for examining the data from different sources and valuable knowledge is synopsized. So, mining the diabetes data in an efficient way is a crucial concern. In this project, a medical dataset has been accomplished to predict the diabetes. The R-Studio and Pypark software was employed as a statistical computing tool for diagnosing diabetes. The PIMA Indian database was acquired from UCI repository will be used for analysis. The dataset was studied and analyzed to build an effective model that predicts and diagnoses the diabetes disease earlier.</span>
Longitudinal Improvements in Radiation Exposure in Cardiac Catheterization for Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Quinn Brian P. , Cevallos Priscila , Armstrong Aimee , Balzer David , El-said Howaida , Foerster Susan , Glatz Andrew C. , Goodman Andrea , Goldstein Bryan , Hainstock Michael , Janssen Dana , Kreutzer Jacqueline , Latson Larry , Leahy Ryan , Petit Christopher , Shahanavaz Shabana , Trucco Sara , Whiteside Wendy , Zampi Jeffrey D. , Bergersen Lisa 
Published: May 2020

Background:
The C3PO-QI (Congenital Cardiac Catheterization Project on Outcomes – Quality Improvement), a multicenter registry launched in 2015, instituted quality improvement (QI) initiatives to reduce patient radiation exposure. Through regular collaboration, this initiative would allow for harmony among active participants, maximizing efforts and efficiency at achieving radiation best practices. This study sought to report these efforts with a detailed methodology for which institutions can target initiatives, reducing radiation exposure, and increasing patient safety.

Methods:

Data were collected prospectively by 8 C3PO-QI institutions between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2017. Radiation exposure was measured in dose area product per body weight (dose area product/kg; µGy*m
2
/kg) and reported by expected radiation exposure categories (REC) and institution for 40 published unique procedure types. Targeted interventions addressing selected strategic domains for radiation reduction were implemented in the pediatric catheterization labs of the C3PO-QI institutions.

Results:
The study consisted of 15 257 unique cases. Median exposure (dose area product/kg) was decreased by 30% for all procedures. Dose area product/kg was reduced in all 3 REC, with the greatest improvement observed in REC I (REC I, −37%; REC II, −23%; REC III, −27%). Although the baseline radiation exposures and exact percent decrease varied across all C3PO-QI sites, each institution demonstrated improvements in radiation dose over time. These improvements occurred with the implementation of institution-specific QI interventions accelerated by participation in the C3PO-QI multicenter collaborative.

Conclusions:
Substantial radiation dose reductions can be achieved using targeted QI methodology and interventions. Participation in a multicenter QI collaborative may accelerate improvement across all centers due to enhanced engagement and shared learning between sites.
Empagliflozin in Heart Failure
Authors: Griffin Matthew , Rao Veena S. , Ivey-Miranda Juan , Fleming James , Mahoney Devin , Maulion Christopher , Suda Nisha , Siwakoti Krishmita , Ahmad Tariq , Jacoby Daniel , Riello Ralph , Bellumkonda Lavanya , Cox Zachary , Collins Sean , Jeon Sangchoon , Turner Jeffrey M. , Wilson F. Perry , Butler Javed , Inzucchi Silvio E. , Testani Jeffrey M. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors improve heart failure–related outcomes. The mechanisms underlying these benefits are not well understood, but diuretic properties may contribute. Traditional diuretics such as furosemide induce substantial neurohormonal activation, contributing to the limited improvement in intravascular volume often seen with these agents. However, the proximal tubular site of action of the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors may help circumvent these limitations.

Methods:
Twenty patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic, stable heart failure completed a randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study of empagliflozin 10 mg daily versus placebo. Patients underwent an intensive 6-hour biospecimen collection and cardiorenal phenotyping at baseline and again after 14 days of study drug. After a 2-week washout, patients crossed over to the alternate therapy with the above protocol repeated.

Results:

Oral empagliflozin was rapidly absorbed as evidenced by a 27-fold increase in urinary glucose excretion by 3 hours (
P
<0.0001). Fractional excretion of sodium increased significantly with empagliflozin monotherapy versus placebo (fractional excretion of sodium, 1.2±0.7% versus 0.7±0.4%;
P
=0.001), and there was a synergistic effect in combination with bumetanide (fractional excretion of sodium, 5.8±2.5% versus 3.9±1.9%;
P
=0.001). At 14 days, the natriuretic effect of empagliflozin persisted, resulting in a reduction in blood volume (−208 mL [interquartile range, −536 to 153 mL] versus −14 mL [interquartile range, −282 to 335 mL];
P
=0.035) and plasma volume (−138 mL, interquartile range, −379 to 154±453 mL;
P
=0.04). This natriuresis was not, however, associated with evidence of neurohormonal activation because the change in norepinephrine was superior (
P
=0.02) and all other neurohormones were similar (
P
<0.34) during the empagliflozin versus placebo period. Furthermore, there was no evidence of potassium wasting (
P
=0.20) or renal dysfunction (
P
>0.11 for all biomarkers), whereas both serum magnesium (
P
<0.001) and uric acid levels (
P
=0.008) improved.

Conclusions:
Empagliflozin causes significant natriuresis, particularly when combined with loop diuretics, resulting in an improvement in blood volume. However, off-target electrolyte wasting, renal dysfunction, and neurohormonal activation were not observed. This favorable diuretic profile may offer significant advantage in the management of volume status in patients with heart failure and may represent a mechanism contributing to the superior long-term heart failure outcomes observed with these agents.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03027960.
Peer Exclusion: a Social Convention or Moral Decision? Cross-Cultural Insights into Students’ Social Reasoning
Authors: Ha Seung Yon , Lin Tzu-Jung , Li Wei-Ting , Kraatz Elizabeth , Chiu Ying-Ju , Hong Yu-Ru , Tsai Chin-Chung , Glassman Michael 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
In this study, we examined the role of culture on early adolescents’ social reasoning about peer exclusion. A total of 80 U.S. and 149 Taiwanese early adolescents (U.S.: Mage = 11.00, SDage = 0.48; Taiwan: Mage = 10.45, SDage = 0.39) independently completed a social reasoning essay about peer exclusion. Analyses of the essays based on social-moral theories showed that U.S. students tended to reason about peer exclusion based on social conventional thinking whereas Taiwanese students were more attentive to personal and moral issues. Despite this difference, both groups of students referred to some common social-moral concepts while reasoning about peer exclusion, including consideration of personal benefit, harming others’ welfare, personal concern, and punishment. The use of social reasoning strategies was similar across the two groups of students except that Taiwanese students relied more on judgment (i.e., social-moral evaluation of someone’s social conduct) whereas U.S. students generated more alternative hypotheses (i.e., presenting new hypotheses or interpretations about the given issue).
The Earth and Pregivenness in Transcendental Phenomenology
Authors: Džanić Denis 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The doctrine of the pregivenness of the world features prominently in Husserl’s numerous phenomenological analyses and descriptions of the role the world plays in our experience. Properly evaluating its function within the overall system of transcendental phenomenology is, however, by no means a straightforward task, as evidenced by many manuscripts from the 1930s. These detail various epistemological and metaphysical difficulties and potential paradoxes encumbering the notion of the pre-given world. This paper contends that some of these difficulties can be alleviated by revisiting Husserl’s late concept of the earth and, more specifically, disclosing its transcendental function in the constitution of pregivenness. To test this claim, I turn to Husserl’s 1931 manuscript describing the paradox of “the originary acquisition of the world.” I argue that the paradox is dissolved by introducing the transcendental-phenomenological concept of the earth.
Phenomenology, Literature, Dissemination
Authors: Cross D.J.S. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
This article analyzes the complex relation of phenomenology and literature in the work of Husserl and Derrida. In the first part, I show that the limited ideality of the literary object necessarily situates it in a derivative region of phenomenology. In the second part, however, I problematize the regional status of literature by elaborating a brief but important footnote in which Husserl broadens the concept of literature to embrace all cultural products whatsoever. Yet, because even this broadened concept of literature ultimately remains secondary for the phenomenologist, it only redoubles and ratifies the submission of literature to the more ideal objectivities of mathematical disciplines like geometry. The third part, finally, mobilizes Derrida’s notion of “dissemination,” prepared in and unintelligible apart from his early engagement with Husserlian phenomenology, in order to broach a notion of literature that the phenomenologist can neither circumscribe nor describe.