bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) symptoms in gender diverse adults and their relation to autistic traits, ADHD traits, and sensory sensitivities
Authors: Thomas Kai S. , Keating Jennifer , Ross Avalon A. , Cooper Kate , Jones Catherine R. G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
There is emerging evidence to suggest gender diverse people are overrepresented in avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) samples. However, the mechanisms underlying elevated risk for ARFID in this group are currently unknown. Gender diversity and neurodivergence commonly co-occur, with elevated sensory sensitivities reported to be a shared experience common across autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and ARFID. We aimed to examine the unique contribution of sensory sensitivities, including hypo- and hyper-sensitivity, in predicting ARFID symptoms in gender diverse adults, whilst controlling for autistic and ADHD traits.

Methods
Gender diverse adults (N = 182; 142 assigned female at birth; M age = 28.6 years) in the UK participated in an online survey. We examined correlations between their self-reported ARFID symptoms, sensory sensitivities, autistic traits (not including sensory sensitivities), and ADHD traits whilst controlling for weight and shape concerns. We then used hierarchical multiple regression to investigate the unique contribution of sensory sensitivities to ARFID symptoms whilst controlling for the other neurodivergent traits.

Results
In our gender diverse sample, higher levels of ARFID symptoms were associated with higher levels of sensory sensitivities, autistic traits, and ADHD traits, after controlling for weight and shape concerns. Furthermore, sensory sensitivities, specifically hyper-sensitivity, uniquely predicted levels of ARFID symptoms once we accounted for autistic and ADHD traits.

Conclusions
When considering neurodivergence, sensory hyper-sensitivities may be particularly relevant to ARFID symptomatology in gender diverse adults. Future research should explore associations between ARFID presentations and sensory sensitivities in large samples of gender diverse adults, to enable separate analyses by gender identity.
Epidemiological trends of mechanically ventilated acute respiratory distress syndrome in the twenty-first century: a nationwide, population-based retrospective study
Authors: Bardají-Carrillo Miguel , López-Herrero Rocío , Aguilar Gerardo , Arroyo-Hernantes Irene , Gómez-Sánchez Esther , Camporota Luigi , Villar Jesús , Tamayo Eduardo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a prevalent respiratory condition associated with significant mortality. Current literature on ARDS epidemiology reports a wide range of incidence (7.2–78.9/100,000 population/year), hospital mortality (32–51%), and associated costs ($8476–$547,974). We have analyzed epidemiological trends of mechanically ventilated ARDS (MV-ARDS) in Spain from 2000 to 2022 using the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS), focusing on MV-ARDS incidence, associated mortality, and economic impact.

Methods
We conducted a nationwide, population-based retrospective study of all hospitalizations for MV-ARDS in Spanish hospitals—from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2022—using MBDS records, with an estimated coverage of 99.5%. The study reports MV-ARDS incidence per 100,000 population/year, hospital mortality rate, and mean cost per patient. We also considered the effect of COVID-19 on MV-ARDS epidemiology.

Results
We analyzed 93,192 records of patients with a new diagnosis of MV-ARDS during the study period. MV-ARDS incidence ranged from 2.96 to 20.14/100,000 population-years, peaking in 2021. Mortality ranged between 38.0 and 55.0%, showing a declining trend, while the cost per patient increased, stabilizing ~€30,000–€40,000 after reaching a peak of €42,812 in 2011. During the COVID-19 pandemic, hospital stay lengthened (p < 0.001), while hospital mortality decreased (p < 0.001). There was an increased proportion of patients with obesity and diabetes mellitus, with fungal or viral etiologies.

Conclusion
This is the largest epidemiological study on ARDS in Europe. MV-ARDS incidence has stabilized in recent years, with mortality showing a declining trend. ARDS-related costs have increased nearly fourfold. MBDS data could enhance ARDS understanding and guide future studies.
Appropriate shape of a stylet for tracheal intubation using the McGrath® MAC videolaryngoscope in neonates: a randomized crossover simulation study
Authors: Masui Katsuhide , Tsunoda Naoyuki , Ito Ayaka , Asai Takashi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Guidelines on airway management in neonates and infants recommend using a stylet when a videolaryngoscope is used, but it is not clear if the use of a stylet facilitates tracheal intubation and which shape of the stylet is suitable in neonates.

Methods
As a preliminary simulation study of a randomized controlled cross-over design, 25 anesthesiologists (3 specialists, 11 senior residents, and 11 junior residents) used a McGrath® MAC videolaryngoscope (Covidien, Medtronic, Tokyo, Japan) blade 1 for tracheal intubation (of a 3.5-mm ID Shiley™ tube with a cuff), with one of four differently shaped stylets (C-shaped, J-shaped, hockey stick-shaped and double C-shaped) or without a stylet in a manikin of a neonate, and compared intubation times.

Results
Compared with intubation time without the use of a stylet, intubation time was significantly longer with the use of the J-shaped stylet (P = 0.007; median (95% CI) difference: 2 (1 to 2) s) or with the hockey stick-shaped stylet (P = 0.0002; median (95% CI) difference: 9 (9 to 10) s). In contrast, intubation time was similar between no stylet and the C-shaped stylet (P = 0.90; median (95% CI) difference: 0 (0 to 0) s) or between no stylet and the double C-shaped style (P = 0.60; median (95% CI) difference: 0 (0 to 0) s).

Conclusions
In conclusion, while time to tracheal intubation would be similar with and without the use of a stylet, the shape of the stylet would affect intubation time in neonates.
Effects of the Lorentz symmetry violation on relativistic neutral scalar bosons: Scattering and bound states
Authors: Castro Luis B. , de Castro Antonio S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this letter, we investigate the effects of Lorentz symmetry violation on a relativistic neutral scalar boson within the framework of the Klein-Gordon formalism. We consider a tensor $(K_F)_{\mu \nu \alpha \beta}$ out of the Standard Model Extension, which describes the field configuration consisting of a constant magnetic field $\vec{B}=B\hat{z}$ and a cylindrical electric field $\vec{E}=\frac{\lambda}{r}\hat{r}$. We analyze and discuss the effects of Lorentz symmetry violation on the equation of motion and show that the presence of a specific Lorentz symmetry violation parameter is essential to obtain analytical solutions for scattering and bound states. Employing the partial wave approach in cylindrical coordinates, we calculate the relativistic phase shift, scattering amplitude and $S$-matrix, and discuss the effects of Lorentz symmetry violation on the phase shift. Furthermore, we obtain bound-state solutions by examining the poles of the $S$-matrix and compare our findings with those reported in the literature. Our results reveal that bound-state solutions are only feasible for a restrict range of Lorentz symmetry violation parameters, which contradict previous studies.
Additive Effect of EPO and Altitude on Hemoglobin Mass but not Peak Oxygen Uptake
Authors: Bonne Thomas Christian , Andersen Andreas Breenfeldt , Bejder Jacob , Loures Joao Paulo , Dam Christine , Huertas Jesús Rodríguez , Nordsborg Nikolai Baastrup 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study evaluated whether recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEpo) treatment combined with hypoxia provided an additive effect on hemoglobin mass (Hbmass) and V̇O2peak compared to altitude or rhEpo alone.

Methods
39 participants underwent two interventions, each containing 4 weeks baseline (PRE 1-4), 4 weeks exposure at sea level or 2,320 m of altitude (INT 1-4), and 4 weeks follow-up (POST 1-4). Participants were randomly assigned to 20 IU·kg-1 rhEpo or placebo injections every second day for 3 weeks during the exposure period at sea level (SL-EPO n = 25, SL-PLA n = 9) or at altitude (ALT-EPO n = 12, ALT-PLA n = 27).

Results
Hbmass displayed a significant time×treatment effect (P < 0.001) when comparing ALT-EPO and ALT-PLA. Specifically, the increase in Hbmass was higher (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001) for ALT-EPO from INT 2 to POST 3 except for POST 2. Similarly, a significant time×treatment effect (P < 0.001) existed for changes in Hbmass when comparing ALT-EPO with SL-EPO, with the increase in Hbmass being higher (P < 0.01 to P < 0.001) for ALT-EPO from INT 2 to POST 4. A significant time×treatment effect was present when SL-PLA was compared with ALT-PLA (P < 0.05) and SL-EPO (P < 0.05). For V̇O2peak the time×treatment interaction was not significant when comparing ALT-EPO to ALT-PLA. However, when ALT-EPO was compared with SL-EPO, a significant time×treatment interaction existed (P < 0.001) due to a decrease in V̇O2peak during altitude.

Conclusions
The combined treatment of micro-doses of rhEpo and altitude exposure results in an additive increase in Hbmass but does not significantly enhance V̇O2peak compared to each treatment alone.
Atypical presentation of painless acute pancreatitis: A case report
Authors: Sargon Keon , Al-Sabea Nadeem , Elango Arnold , Scarbrough Brent , Wong Jamesina , Ebrahim Simran 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Painless acute pancreatitis (PAP) is a slowly progressive disease that involves inflammation, scarring, and thickening of pancreatic cells, which can happen due to either alcohol, idiopathic, or genetic. Clinicians usually miss PAP due to lack of pain and additional symptoms of hypotension and fever can lead to an infectious work-up instead. In this case report, we discuss the importance of the rapid discovery of this condition to prevent devastating complications like diabetes, necrotizing pancreatitis, or even death.
CASE SUMMARY
A 47-years old male with past medical history of hypotension and alcohol abuse presented for loss of consciousness. Patient was found with pinpoint pupils, hypoglycemia, and hypotensive. He received Narcan, dextrose, and IV fluids and became responsive. In the emergency department, the patient was hypotensive and the physical exam was only significant for diaphoresis. Patient denied abdominal or radiating pain. Labs significant for elevated lipase, metabolic acidosis, and hyponatremia with imaging positive for AP without chronic inflammation. Based on imaging, lipase and absence of pain, PAP was diagnosed. Patient had multiple episodes of hypoglycemia and remained hypotensive requiring pressor support and intubation. After intubation, he had pulseless electrical activity cardiac arrest. Return of spontaneous circulation achieved but the patient had worsening acidosis, acute kidney injury, liver injury, and bandemia. Empiric antibiotics started, dexamethasone, and maxed on five pressors and transferred to the medical intensive care unit for management of severe AP (SAP).
CONCLUSION
This case report featured PAP without chronic inflammation which is an even rarer disease than PAP which progressed to SAP.
Hyperleukocytosis associated with pertussis: Two case reports
Authors: Han Hong-Wu , Wang Xi-Xia , Wang Ying , Zhang Wei-Hua 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Pertussis is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by Bordetella pertussis . Although the diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine is widely administered, there are still a number of patients with severe pertussis each year, which can lead to death, especially in infants and young children. Hyperleukocytosis is a factor related to the severity of pertussis and a risk factor for death. Reducing the leukocyte number by plasma exchange is a treatment method in clinical practice.
CASE SUMMARY
Two children with pertussis with cough as the initial symptom, developed pneumonia during the course of the illness. White blood cell counts were significantly increased with the highest values of 87.34 × 109/L and 55.46 × 109/L. Following anti-infection, plasma exchange, and ventilator treatment, both children recovered.
CONCLUSION
Early identification of children with pertussis complicated with hyperleukocytosis and timely plasma exchange can improve the prognosis and reduce mortality.
Pancreatitis, Polyarthritis and Panniculitis (PPP) Syndrome - A Rare Presentation
Authors: Shah Devank , Pokharna Rupesh , Maharshi Sudhir , Sharma Kamleshkumar , Maniar Prerak 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Pancreatitis, panniculitis, and polyarthritis (PPP) syndrome is a rare manifestation (prevalence 2%–3%) of underlying pancreatic pathology which is characterized by fat necrosis in subcutaneous tissue and joints. The widely accepted etiological hypothesis is systemic dissemination of pancreatic lipase. It has a mortality rate approaching 25%. We present a case of pancreatitis, panniculitis, and polyarthritis syndrome in a 52-year-old man with chronic pancreatitis complicated by pancreatico-pericardial fistula.
A new representative of the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the therapeutic arsenal of a Russian doctor: pelubiprofen
Authors: Karateev A. E. 
Published: February 2025

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the main class of analgesics used in Russian medical practice to control acute and chronic pain in various conditions. NSAIDs have proven to be effective, easy to use and affordable. On the other hand, NSAIDs are potentially unsafe: the use of these drugs is clearly associated with an increased risk of class-specific complications in the gastrointestinal tract, cardiovascular system and kidneys.None of the NSAIDs available on the modern pharmaceutical market can be considered ideal in terms of efficacy/safety ratio. This determines the feasibility of developing new drugs from this group.A new NSAID has now found its way into the therapeutic arsenal of Russian doctors – a member of the 2-arylpropionic acid derivative family, pelubiprofen. This drug, which is structurally similar to ibuprofen, is a moderately selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase 2 with a very favorable profile of pharmacological properties. Pelubiprofen has been extensively tested in a series of double-blind, randomized and controlled trials comparing it with aceclofenac and celecoxib. These studies have shown the efficacy and low incidence of adverse events in the treatment of non-specific back pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis with the new drug.
Functional MRI in assessing brain cortex activation patterns in response to olfactory stimuli
Authors: Dolgushin M. B. , Demyanov A. P. , Martynov M. Yu. , Dvoryanchikov A. V. , Katunina E. A. , Malykhina E. A. , Tairova R. T. , Pritshepina K. A. , Belousov V. V. 
Published: February 2025

Objective: quantitative assessment of the activation areas of the cerebral cortex in women and men in response to olfactory stimuli using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).Material and methods. The study included 14 non-smoking volunteers who were right-handed from birth (8 women and 6 men; mean age – 32.7±6.4 years), without anamnestic and clinical signs of diseases of the nervous system, nasopharynx and oropharynx, and without anosmia during the COVID-19 period. fMRI was performed on a Signa PET/MR 3.0 T scanner (GE Healthcare) with a 32-channel coil. Each olfactory stimulus (lavender and pine needles) was delivered alternately from a 200 ml syringe containing cotton wool soaked in essential oil through a PERFOMA-Judkins catheter. The syringe was opened for 4 seconds for delivery, after which delivery was stopped and the catheter was aspirated to remove the residual odour. Odours were presented at 40 seconds intervals and each odour was presented 4 times. Data analysis focused on the primary olfactory cortex (POC), orbitofrontal olfactory cortex (OOC), insular cortex (IC), and motor cortex (Brodmann’s areas 4 and 6).Results. All subjects showed activation of the POC, OOC, IC and areas 4 and 6 for both odour stimuli, with a slight dominance of the right hemisphere. Lavender odour often led to a stronger activation of the olfactory and motor cortex than pine needle odour. The individual activation map of areas 4 and 6 elicited by lavender odour was characterized by greater variability than the map for pine needle odour. The intensity of activation in response to both odours was higher in women than in men.Conclusion. The odours of lavender and pine needles activate not only the olfactory areas of the cortex but also areas 4 and 6 and are characterized by certain interhemispheric and gender differences.
Social frailty and cognitive impairment in elderly people
Authors: Komleva Yu. K. , Salmina A. B. , Kolotyeva N. A. , Shpiliukova K. A. , Bondar N. I. , Illarioshkin S. N. , Piradov M. A. 
Published: February 2025

The article examines the relationship between social fragility and cognitive impairment (CI) in elderly in the context of population ageing and the increasing proportion of age-related diseases. Social fragility is defined as a progressive loss of social resources, including support and social engagement, which is associated with an increased risk of depression, cognitive decline and dementia.A comprehensive review of studies published between 2017, and November 2024 was conducted to examine social fragility and its association with CI. The paper provides an overview of current approaches to assessing social fragility, including the use of indices and scales. The main risk factors, including depression, physical activity and CI, and the mechanisms underlying this relationship are analyzed in detail.Particular attention is paid to the consequences of social fragility for cognitive health and possible prevention strategies. The article discusses the role of social isolation, loneliness, reduced physical activity and diminished social interactions as key aspects that increase the risk of cognitive decline. It also points out that maintaining an active social network and participating in social life can slow the progression of CI and improve the quality of life of elderly.Our work emphasizes the need for an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of social fragility, which includes the development of social relationships, the promotion of physical activity and the participation in group activities. These measures can help to strengthen cognitive reserves, reduce the negative effects of social fragility and ensure an active, long life for the elderly population.
Sile (Pencak Silat Nias) as a Negotiation of Religion and Culture between Traditional Societies, Islam, and Christianity in Ono Niha
Authors: Waruwu Famati , Tambunan Elia , Harefa Otieli , Gulo Nestilina , Apvan Bertin Baene Ria 
Published: February 2025

Pencak Silat is no longer limited to martial arts but goes far beyond this. Suppose it is generally understood as a martial art commonly called Sile. In that case, it needs to be seen from the socio-theological praxis of the people of Moro’ö District, West Nias Regency, and the people of Tugala Oyo District, North Nias Regency, where they are Nias people in general who tend to believe traditionally based on customs, as well as Christian church congregations, including Muslims. This article delves into Nias’ traditional pencak silat in 2022-2023. The empirical problem in Christianity is that there is a tendency to label synchronicity that pencak silat as a traditional rite for primitive people, has always been associated with an attempt to display the dimension of “evil spirits” as opposed to the “good spirits” in the Christian faith with the modern eyes of urban people. Meanwhile, Muslims tend to be positioned as immigrants. This paper is in the social setting of North and West Nias as a research field, and it is carried out with empirical qualitative research with a socio-theological approach. Data were collected by observation, interview, and documentation. It was found that there is an increasing immersion in cultural arts expressed through pencak silat as a social space (medium) for people of different faiths and traditions. It was found that North and West Nias Sile displayed spatial negotiations between culture and religion.
Enhancing second language motivation and facilitating vocabulary acquisition in an EFL classroom through translanguaging practices
Authors: Wang Xince , Xia Chunlai , Zhao Qiujie , Chen Liping 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
With the growing prominence of bilingual and multilingual education, translanguaging has garnered increasing attention. This approach not only challenges traditional English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) research, which has historically focused on specific learning outcomes, but also shifts the emphasis to the dynamic processes involved in Second Language (L2) teaching and learning. By integrating multilingual and multimodal resources, translanguaging enhances students’ L2 motivation and vocabulary acquisition in the EFL classroom. This study adopts translanguaging as both a pedagogical tool and an analytical lens, offering insights into how the teacher uses translanguaging in designing the course and conducting vocabulary instruction. New characteristics of teachers’ translanguaging practices in vocabulary instruction are identified from the dynamic process of teacher-student meaning-making through translanguaging practices. Participants from focus group report the shift of L2 Motivational Self System from Ought-to L2 Self to Ideal L2 Self and L2 Learning Experience, the enhancement of L2 motivation, and cognitive, interactive, and motivational benefits from translanguaging practices. Overall, this research contributes to the growing body of literature on translanguaging, highlighting its role in creating a more inclusive and effective L2 learning environment in EFL settings. It also offers practical recommendations for educators to enhance students’ motivation, engagement, and success in vocabulary learning through the use of translanguaging.
Behavioral and histopathological insights into phenylthiazolyl-1,3,5-triazines: potential antidepressant candidates in a rat model of depression
Authors: Sati Aarti , Kyllait Pynshngainlang , Gahtori Prashant , Bhat Hans Raj , Hussain Md Sadique , Gupta Gaurav , Gahtori Archana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the antidepressant-like effects of Phenylthiazolyl-1,3,5-triazine derivatives through behavioral tests, molecular docking, and histopathological analysis in a rat brain model of depression.

Methods
Phenylthiazolyl-1,3,5-triazine derivatives were synthesized and administered at a dose of 30 mg/kg in albino rats. Behavioral effects were assessed using the Forced Swim Test and Tail Suspension Test. Molecular docking with MD simulations via CDocker was employed to analyze ligand-receptor interactions. Histological analysis of brain tissues was conducted to assess structural and vascular changes.

Results
Among the derivatives, PS1 and PS5 showed significant antidepressant-like activity compared to standard imipramine. Molecular docking revealed that hydrogen bonding, pi-pi interactions, and intermolecular neighbor effects stabilized the ligand-receptor complexes. Histopathological analysis of PS1-treated rats demonstrated preserved vascular integrity, reduced edema, and the absence of hydrophobic alterations.

Conclusions
Phenylthiazolyl-1,3,5-triazines, particularly PS1, exhibit promising potential as antidepressant agents. Their behavioral efficacy and protective histological effects suggest therapeutic relevance. Further studies integrating biomarkers and gene expression analyses are needed to optimize these derivatives for clinical application.