bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sublimierbare Spin‐Crossover‐Komplexe: Vom Schalten des Spinzustands zu molekularen Bauelementen
Authors: Kumar Kuppusamy Senthil , Ruben Mario 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWegen ihres bistabilen, bei Raumtemperatur schaltbaren Spinzustands bilden aktive Übergangsmetallkomplexe mit Spin‐Crossover (SCO) eine wichtige Gruppe von schaltbaren molekularen Materialien. Aus vakuumsublimierbaren SCO‐Komplexen, einer Untergruppe der SCO‐Komplexe, lassen sich ultrareine Filme mit schaltbarem Spin herstellen, wie sie insbesondere in der molekularen Elektronik/Spintronik benötigt werden. Dünne Filme aus sublimierbaren SCO‐Komplexen wurden deshalb mit spektroskopischen und mikroskopischen Techniken auf ihren oberflächenabhängigen SCO untersucht. In diesem Aufsatz werden vakuumsublimierbare SCO‐Komplexe und ihre Entwicklung umfassend beschrieben, insbesondere die Fortschritte im Design und in der Herstellung von sublimierbaren funktionalen SCO‐Komplexen, in der Ausprägung desoberflächenabhängigen SCO in molekularen Multilagenfilmen und die Konstruktion von Bauelementen mit molekularen Dünnschicht‐Architekturen von sublimierbaren SCO‐Komplexen als aktive Schaltelemente.
An Adaptable N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Macrocycle Hosting Copper in Three Oxidation States
Authors: Liu Yang , Resch Stefan G. , Klawitter Iris , Cutsail George E. , Demeshko Serhiy , Dechert Sebastian , Kühn Fritz E. , DeBeer Serena , Meyer Franc 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA neutral hybrid macrocycle with two trans‐positioned N‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) and two pyridine donors hosts copper in three oxidation states (+I–+III) in a series of structurally characterized complexes (1–3). Redox interconversion of [LCu]+/2+/3+ is electrochemically (quasi)reversible and occurs at moderate potentials (E1/2=−0.45 V and +0.82 V (vs. Fc/Fc+)). A linear CNHC‐Cu‐CNHC arrangement and hemilability of the two pyridine donors allows the ligand to adapt to the different stereoelectronic and coordination requirements of CuI versus CuII/CuIII. Analytical methods such as NMR, UV/Vis, IR, electron paramagnetic resonance, and Cu Kβ high‐energy‐resolution fluorescence detection X‐ray absorption spectroscopies, as well as DFT calculations, give insight into the geometric and electronic structures of the complexes. The XAS signatures of 1–3 are textbook examples for CuI, CuII, and CuIII species. Facile 2‐electron interconversion combined with the exposure of two basic pyridine N sites in the reduced CuI form suggest that [LCu]+/2+/3+ may operate in catalysis via coupled 2 e−/2 H+ transfer.
Super‐Soft and Super‐Elastic DNA Robot with Magnetically Driven Navigational Locomotion for Cell Delivery in Confined Space
Authors: Tang Jianpu , Yao Chi , Gu Zi , Jung Sunghwan , Luo Dan , Yang Dayong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSoft organisms such as earthworms can access confined, narrow spaces, inspiring scientists to fabricate soft robots for in vivo manipulation of cells or tissues and minimally invasive surgery. We report a super‐soft and super‐elastic magnetic DNA hydrogel‐based soft robot (DNA robot), which presents a shape‐adaptive property and enables magnetically driven navigational locomotion in confined and unstructured space. The DNA hydrogel is designed with a combinational dynamic and permanent crosslinking network through chain entanglement and DNA hybridization, resulting in shear‐thinning and cyclic strain properties. DNA robot completes a series of complex magnetically driven navigational locomotion such as passing through narrow channels and pipes, entering grooves and itinerating in a maze by adapting and recovering its shape. DNA robot successfully works as a vehicle to deliver cells in confined space by virtue of the 3D porous networked structure and great biocompatibility.
Hole and Electron Doping of the 4d Transition‐Metal Oxyhydride LaSr3NiRuO4H4
Authors: Jin Lun , Hayward Michael A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHole or electron doping of phases prepared by topochemical reactions (e.g. anion deintercalation or anion‐exchange) is extremely challenging as these low‐temperature conversion reactions are typically very sensitive to the electron counts of precursor phases. Herein we report the successful hole and electron doping of the transition‐metal oxyhydride LaSr3NiRuO4H4 by first preparing precursors in the range LaxSr4−xNiRuO8 0.5<x<1.4 and then converting into the corresponding LaxSr4−xNiRuO4H4 phases. This is particularly noteworthy as the (Ni/Ru)H2 sheets in the LaxSr4−xNiRuO4H4 phases are structurally analogous to the CuO2 sheets in cuprate superconductors and hole doping (Ni1+/2+, Ru2+) or electron doping (Ni2+, Ru1+/2+) yields materials with partial occupancy in Ni/Ru
–H 1s bands which are analogous to the partially occupied Cu
–O 2p bands present in the CuO2 sheets of doped superconducting cuprates.
Hierarchically Ordered Porous Carbon with Atomically Dispersed FeN4 for Ultraefficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Proton‐Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Qiao Mengfei , Wang Ying , Wang Quan , Hu Guangzhi , Mamat Xamxikamar , Zhang Shusheng , Wang Shuangyin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe low catalytic activity and poor mass transport capacity of platinum group metal free (PGM‐free) catalysts seriously restrict the application of proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Catalysts derived from Fe‐doped ZIF‐8 could in theory be as active as Pt/C thanks to the high intrinsic activity of FeN4; however, the micropores fail to meet rapid mass transfer. Herein, an ordered hierarchical porous structure is introduced into Fe‐doped ZIF‐8 single crystals, which were subsequently carbonized to obtain an FeN4‐doped hierarchical ordered porous carbon (FeN4/HOPC) skeleton. The optimal catalyst FeN4/HOPC‐c‐1000 shows excellent performance with a half‐wave potential of 0.80 V in 0.5 m H2SO4 solution, only 20 mV lower than that of commercial Pt/C (0.82 V). In a real PEMFC, FeN4/HOPC‐c‐1000 exhibits significantly enhanced current density and power density relative to FeN4/C, which does not have an optimized pore structure, implying an efficient utilization of the active sites and enhanced mass transfer to promote the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).
Screening of the potentially active compounds from Polygonatum sibiricum using RAW264.7 cellular membranes coated magnetic beads fishing followed by HPLC analysis
Authors: Qi Qing‐ling , Yu Ya‐Ming , Tang Cheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTarget biomolecule‐immobilized magnetic beads could be used as a powerful tool for screening active compounds present in natural products. Low damage rates of the target proteins, associated with the availability of diverse automated online approaches for analysis, make it a valuable tool for affinity studies. RAW264.7 cells (a kind of murine macrophage cell line) were used in this study. These cellular membranes were immobilized onto the surface of MBs and were used for screening the active compounds of Polygonatum sibiricum. Combining this technique with HPLC led to the identification of an active compound and its biological activity was confirmed. This is the first report establishing the use of RAW264.7 cellular membrane‐coated magnetic bead fishing followed by HPLC analysis for screening active compounds from natural products.
Driver genes as predictive indicators of brain metastasis in patients with advanced NSCLC: EGFR, ALK, and RET gene mutations
Authors: Wang Huijuan , Wang Ziqi , Zhang Guowei , Zhang Mina , Zhang Xiaojuan , Li Haixia , Zheng Xuanxuan , Ma Zhiyong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundA retrospective analysis verified the role of gene mutations in brain metastasis in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsData from 552 patients with advanced NSCLC treated from January 2015 to June 2017 in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively analyzed. Next‐generation sequencing was used to detect mutations in eight reported driver genes and various risk factors were evaluated.ResultsOf the 552 patients with advanced NSCLC, 153 (27.7%) had brain metastases. The univariate analysis showed that age (P = .008), gender (P = .016), smoking history (P = .010), lymph node metastasis (P = .003), and three driver genes, positive epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation (P = .001), positive anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene fusion (P = .021), and positive rearranged during transfection (RET) gene fusion (P = .003), were the factors influencing the incidence of brain metastasis. Logistic multivariate regression analysis revealed that positive EGFR mutation (P = .012), positive ALK gene fusion (P = .015), positive RET gene fusion (P = .003), pathological type (P = .009), lymph node N2‐3 metastasis (P < .001), and a younger age (P < .001) were independent risk factors for brain metastasis. In addition, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted with the above factors with an area under the curve = 0.705 (P < .001).ConclusionsAn EGFR mutation, ALK gene fusion, and RET gene fusion in advanced NSCLC patients play roles in brain metastasis as positive driver genes.ImpactAn EGFR mutation, and ALK and RET gene fusions are risk factors for brain metastasis in advanced NSCLC patients.
Radiomics based on 18F‐FDG PET/CT could differentiate breast carcinoma from breast lymphoma using machine‐learning approach: A preliminary study
Authors: Ou Xuejin , Zhang Jing , Wang Jian , Pang Fuwen , Wang Yongsheng , Wei Xiawei , Ma Xuelei 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPurposeOur study assessed the ability 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) radiomics to differentiate breast carcinoma from breast lymphoma using machine‐learning approach.MethodsSixty‐five breast nodules from 44 patients diagnosed as breast carcinoma or breast lymphoma were included. Standardized uptake value (SUV) and radiomic features from CT and PET images were extracted using local image features extraction software. Six discriminative models including PETa (based on clinical, SUV and radiomic features from PET images), PETb (SUV and radiomic features from PET images), PETc (radiomic features only from PET images), CTa (clinical and radiomic features from CT images), CTb (radiomic features only from CT images), and SUV model were generated using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method and linear discriminant analysis. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated to evaluate the discriminative ability of these models.ResultsPETa and CTa models showed the best ability to differentiation in training and validation group (AUCs of 0.867 and 0.806 for PETa model, AUCs of 0.891 and 0.759 for CTa model, respectively).ConclusionModels based on clinical, SUV, and radiomic features of 18F‐FDG PET/CT images could accurately discriminate breast carcinoma from breast lymphoma.
A rigorous exploration of anal HPV genotypes using a next‐generation sequencing (NGS) approach in HIV‐infected men who have sex with men at risk for developing anal cancer
Authors: Piyathilake Chandrika J. , Badiga Suguna , Kumar Ranjit , Crowley Michael R. , Burkholder Greer A. , Raper James L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThere are no HPV‐based measures for managing anal cancer (AC) in HIV‐infected (HIV+) men who have sex with men (MSM) because of the high positivity of high‐risk (HR)‐HPVs. As next‐generation sequencing (NGS) is able to describe the composition of HPVs as percent (%) reads rather than positive vs negative results, we used NGS approach to detect HPVs in anal samples of HIV+ MSM to test its ability to differentiate those who are diagnosed with atypical squamous cells of unknown significance or greater (ASCUS+) from those who are free of such lesions and to understand the burden of HPV infections in relation to HPV vaccines.MethodsStudy included 81 HIV+ MSM characterized for demographics, patient‐reported outcome measures, HIV related laboratory measures and anal cytology. We summarized NGS HPV data using % read cut points (>0%‐>30%) and tested the relationship between % reads of HR‐HPVs and risk of ASCUS+ using logistic regression.ResultsForty‐six HPVs were detected at the >0% read cut point. The prevalence of any HR‐HPVs varied from 100% to 40% with >0% to >30% reads while ≥99% were infected with HR‐HPVs included or not included in the 9 valent HPV vaccine at the >0% read cut point. MSM with >30% HR‐HPV reads were 4.5 times more likely to be diagnosed with ASCUS+ compared to ≤30% reads (P = .033).ConclusionNGS‐based approach is more accurate than PCR‐based HPV testing for identifying HIV+ MSM at risk for developing AC. We raise the concern regarding the efficacy of current HPV vaccines for preventing AC in this high‐risk population.
Scytodecamide from the Cultured Scytonema sp. UIC 10036 Expands the Chemical and Genetic Diversity of Cyanobactins
Authors: Crnkovic Camila M. , Braesel Jana , Krunic Aleksej , Eustáquio Alessandra S. , Orjala Jimmy 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCyanobactins are a large family of cyanobacterial ribosomally synthesized and post‐translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) often associated with biological activities, such as cytotoxicity, antiviral, and antimalarial activities. They are traditionally described as cyclic molecules containing heterocyclized amino acids. However, this definition has been recently challenged by the discovery of short, linear cyanobactins containing three to five amino acids as well as cyanobactins containing no heterocyclized residues. Herein we report the discovery of scytodecamide (1) from the freshwater cyanobacterium Scytonema sp. UIC 10036. Structural elucidation based on mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and Marfey's method revealed 1 to be a linear decapeptide with an N‐terminal N‐methylation and a C‐terminal amidation. The genome of Scytonema sp. UIC 10036 was sequenced, and bioinformatic analysis revealed a cyanobactin‐like biosynthetic gene cluster consistent with the structure of 1. The discovery of 1 as a novel linear peptide containing an N‐terminal N‐methylation and a C‐terminal amidation expands the chemical and genetic diversity of the cyanobactin family of compounds.
Advances in CrossBoss/Stingray use in antegrade dissection reentry from the Asia Pacific Chronic Total Occlusion Club
Authors: Wu Eugene B. , Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Lo Sidney , Kalyanasundaram Arun , Mashayekhi Kambis , Kao Hsien‐Li , Lim Soo‐Teik , Ge Lei , Chen Ji‐Yan , Qian Jie , Lee Seung‐Whan , Harding Scott A. , Tsuchikane Etsuo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAntegrade dissection reentry with Stingray device (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA) accounts for 20–34% of the chronic total occlusion (CTO) cases in the various hybrid operators' CTO registries and is an important component of CTO crossing algorithms. The Stingray device can facilitate antegrade dissection and reentry, however its use is low outside North America and Europe. The Asia Pacific CTO Club along with three experience Stingray operators from the US, Europe and India, created an algorithm guiding use of the CrossBoss and Stingray catheter. This APCTO Stingray algorithm defines when to use the CrossBoss and Stingray device recommending a reduction in CrossBoss use except for in‐stent restenosis lesions and immediate transition from knuckle wiring to the Stingray device. When antegrade wiring fails, choice of Stingray‐facilitated reentry versus parallel wiring depends on operator experience, device availability, cost concerns, and anatomical factors. When the antegrade wire enters the subintimal space, we recommend using a rotational microcatheter to produce a channel and deliver the Stingray balloon—so called the “bougie technique.” We recommend early switch to Stingray rather than persisting with single wire redirection or parallel wire. We recommend choosing a suitable reentry zone based on preprocedural computer tomography or angiogram, routine use of stick and swap, routine use of Subintimal TRAnscatheter Withdrawal (STRAW) through the Stingray balloon, and the multi stick and swap technique. We believe these techniques and algorithm can facilitate incorporation of the Stingray balloon into the practice of CTO interventionists globally.
Coupling membrane filtration and wet air oxidation for advanced wastewater treatment: Performance at the pilot scale and process intensification potential
Authors: Pinchai Chamaiporn , Monnot Mathias , Lefèvre Sébastien , Boutin Olivier , Moulin Philippe 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBio‐refractory wastewater treatment is compulsory for a safe discharge into the environment. This paper aims to study the use of membrane processes to concentrate wastewater to be then treated by a hydrothermal process such as wet air oxidation for advanced and intensified wastewater treatment. The work focused on three different synthetic wastewaters of public or industrial interest: pharmaceutical wastewater, grey wastewater, and bilge wastewater. Membrane processes operated at the pilot scale enabled retentions as high as 100% of total organic carbon, more than 99% of turbidity, and 70% of hydrocarbon, respectively. High concentration factors were obtained. Membrane foulings were chemically reversible whatever the type of wastewater or the membrane process. Thanks to membrane filtrations, the volumes to be treated by wet air oxidation were drastically reduced, leading to high energy savings. Membrane retentates were then treated by wet air oxidation (300°C, 15 MPa) and resulted in more than an 83% mineralization rate, regardless of the effluent. The hybrid intensified process presented in this work strongly increased the possibility of discharging into the environment by mixing the process outputs or greatly reducing the discharge volume and ultimately the waste load.
Update and Challenges in Carbon Dioxide‐Based Polycarbonate Synthesis
Authors: Huang Jin , Worch Joshua C. , Dove Andrew P. , Coulembier Olivier 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe utilization of carbon dioxide as a comonomer to produce polycarbonates has attracted a great deal of attention from both industrial and academic communities because it promises to replace petroleum‐derived plastics and supports a sustainable environment. Significant progress in the copolymerization of cyclic ethers (e.g., epoxide, oxetane) and carbon dioxide has been made in recent decades, owing to the rapid development of catalysts. In this Review, the focus is to summarize and discuss recent advances in the development of homogeneous catalysts, including metal‐ and organo‐based complexes, as well as the preparation of carbon dioxide‐based block copolymer and functional polycarbonates.
Disturbance and the elevation ranges of woody plant species in the mountains of Costa Rica
Authors: Muñoz Mazón Miguel , Klanderud Kari , Finegan Bryan , Veintimilla Darío , Bermeo Diego , Murrieta Eduardo , Delgado Diego , Sheil Douglas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAimTo understand how disturbance—here defined as a transient reduction in competition—can shape plant distributions along elevation gradients. Theory suggests that disturbance may increase elevation ranges, especially at the lower range limits, through reduced competitive exclusion. Nevertheless, to date this relationship remains unclear.LocationMountains of Costa Rica.MethodsWe compared the elevation range of woody stems over 10 cm dbh (“trees”) observed in plots along two transects spanning a range of elevations in secondary (regrowth) and old‐growth forest (409 and 249 species, respectively). We also estimated these elevation ranges using nationwide data. In addition, we examined the influence of stem size and plot scale basal area (as a measure of competition) on species elevation range limits in the two gradients.ResultsIn general, tree species ranges increased with elevation. Species in the secondary forest had broader elevation ranges (100–318 m broader than species in the old‐growth forest; Wilcoxon: p‐value <.001). Also, in the secondary transect, individuals with greater diameters had broader elevation ranges than those observed as smaller trees (137 m broader; Kruskal–Wallis: p‐value = .03). The lower range limit of species occurred more frequently in plots with lower (vs. higher) basal area than expected by chance in both forest types. We also observed higher elevation upper limits in old growth, but not in secondary forests, with lower (vs. higher) basal area.Main conclusionDisturbance relaxes the constraints imposed by competition and extends effective elevation ranges of species, particularly those in secondary forest, to warmer and cooler climates (minimum increase equivalent to about 0.6–1.4°C). Thus, suitable disturbance may assist species persistence under climate change. We believe this is the first study indicating a consistent relation between disturbance and woody plant species distributions along elevation gradients.
Dynamics of ADH and related genes responsible for the transformation of C6‐aldehydes to C6‐alcohols during the postharvest process of oolong tea
Authors: Zhou Zi‐Wei , Wu Qing‐Yang , Yao Zhi‐Ling , Deng Hui‐Li , Liu Bin‐Bin , Yue Chuan , Deng Ting‐Ting , Lai Zhong‐Xiong , Sun Yun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAroma is an important index of tea quality. The volatile C6‐compounds formed from linoleic and linolenic acids in tea leaf lipids are essential components of tea. C6‐compounds are formed and transformed during the postharvest process of tea leaves. However, the metabolic flux of these C6‐compounds, the activities of related enzymes, and the transcription of related genes during the postharvest process of oolong tea remain unclear. In this study, the chemical profiles of C6‐aldehydes and C6‐alcohols, the pattern of ADH enzyme activity, and the level of CsADH gene expression during the postharvest process of oolong tea were investigated. We found that the turnover process had a positive effect on the accumulation of C6‐alcohols and simultaneously induced ADH activity, especially during the withering stage. The expression of CsADH peaked during the turnover stage. The relative expression level of CSA019598 typically increased during the postharvest process. Correlation analysis demonstrated that CSA019598 expression increased as ADH activity increased. This finding suggests that CSA019598 may play a prominent role in regulating ADH. These results advance our understanding of C6‐compound formation during the postharvest process of oolong tea. We aim to evaluate how green leaf volatiles affect the enzymatic formation and genetic transcription of aromatic compounds in oolong tea in future studies.
Liver retransplantation in adult recipients: analysis of a 38‐year experience in the Netherlands
Authors: Takagi Kosei , Domagala Piotr , Porte Robert J. , Alwayn Ian , Metselaar Herold J. , van den Berg Aad P. , van Hoek Bart , Ijzermans Jan N. M. , Polak Wojciech G. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundLiver retransplantation (re‐LT) accounts for up to 22% after primary liver transplantation (LT), and using donor livers for retransplantation can only be justified by successful outcomes.MethodsA total of 2,387 adult recipients with 2,778 LT, between 1979 and 2017, were analyzed to determine risk factors and outcome of re‐LT in the Netherlands.ResultsOf 2,778 LT, 336 (12.1%) were first, 43 (1.5%) were second, and 12 (0.5%) were third or fourth re‐LT. The 5‐year patient survival for primary LT, and first, second, and third or fourth re‐LT were 74.0%, 70.8%, 63.3%, and 57.1%, respectively (P = 0.10). Recipient age (≤60 years) (OR 1.96, P < 0.001), era (1979–2006) (OR 1.56, P = 0.003), donor after circulatory death (DCD) (OR 1.96, P < 0.001), and cold ischemia time (CIT) (>9 h) (OR 1.42, P = 0.007) were significant risk factors for retransplantation after primary LT.ConclusionsRecipient age, era, DCD, and prolonged CIT were identified as parameters for retransplantation. The outcome after the first re‐LT was good, and comparable to those of primary transplants. Survival after multiple re‐LT was not significantly different from the first retransplant group, legitimizing third and fourth re‐LT to well‐selected patients.