bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cohort Differences in Social Participation in the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project
Authors: Waite Linda , Duvoisin Rebeccah , Kotwal Ashwin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Has American society become more socially disconnected as Robert Putnam argues in Bowling Alone? Claude Fischer disputes this contention with evidence that Americans remain about as connected to friends and family as in the past. We address this debate with data for older adults from the National Social Life, Health and Aging Study, collected in 2005, 2010, and 2015. We compare social participation as reported at ages 57 to 68 for members of the Silent Generation cohort vs the Baby Boom cohort. We find that the gender gap in social participation evident for the Silent Generation does not exist at all for younger Baby Boomers, only appearing after age 62. These same cohort differences appear for participation in religious services and organized groups. This suggest that the gendered separation of social roles that characterized older generations is becoming less pronounced, with implications for social support and social isolation.
Social Decision Making and Suicidal Behavior in Late-Life Depression
Authors: Szanto Katalin 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Social motivations to engage in suicide in late life frequently include interpersonal problems and escape from perceived defeat. To describe decision making patterns that may contribute to the catastrophic decision to take one’s life, we used behavioral experiments and assessed cognitive abilities and personality traits. We found that neuroticism, low extraversion, and low conscientiousness characterize older adults who contemplate suicide and those with low-lethality suicide attempts. Employing a novel version of the Ultimatum Game, we measured empathy’s moderating response to social conflict. We found that older suicide attempters were less influenced by empathy scenarios, indicating that a failure to integrate others’ emotions into decisions may undermine social deterrents to suicide. To simulate social status loss, we used a newly developed, competitive task (rigged toward primarily losing outcomes) paired with performance ranking. We found that suicide attempters, especially those with narcissistic traits, engaged in more excessive compensatory behaviors than older non-attempters.
Psychological Distress Among Older LGBT and Non-LGBT Asian Americans: The Influence of Minority Stress
Authors: Li Chien-Ching , Matthews Alicia , Dong XinQi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Emerging data from epidemiological studies have confirmed elevated prevalence rates for mental health conditions among the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) populations. An estimated 2.8% of Asian Americans identify as LGBT and 26% of Asian LGBT are 40 years or older. This study analyzed the California Health Interview Survey to examine differences in psychological distress between LGBT and non-LGBT older Asian Americans, and further evaluated the role of discrimination in medical care and intimate violence on psychological distress. Regression results showed older LGBT Asians had a higher psychological distress score compared to non-LGBT Asians. After adjusting for discrimination or violence, this association no longer existed. Experiencing discrimination in medical care and intimate violence were associated with higher levels of psychological stress. This study increases our knowledge of mental health among older Asian LGBT, enhancing our ability to design culturally-targeted and trauma-informed psychosocial interventions to improve outcomes in this population.
Scaling an Evidence-Based Program: The Case of the Tailored Activity Program
Authors: Koeuth Sokha , Marx Katherine , Gitlin Laura , Piersol Catherine 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The Tailored Activity Program (TAP) is a proven program delivered primarily by occupational therapists addressing dementia-related clinical symptoms including caregiver well-being. Although used in 9 countries including the United States, scaling and widespread dissemination is challenging. We discuss key revisions to TAP to facilitate dissemination including matching assessments to those used in different practice settings, translation of materials into different languages, providing worksheets to help trainees adapt TAP to local contexts and a training/certification online experience using story board, an interactive media integrated onto the Blackboard learn management system, to provide on-demand training modules. The learning platform allows learners to engage with others, preview modules and share experiences. Revisions enable greater flexibility for program adaptation yet adherence to its core principles. With over 150 trainees, we use REAIM to evaluate effectiveness of modifications and to understand implications for its reach. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Behavioral Interventions for Older Adults Interest Group.
Health Personality, Resilience, and Activation
Authors: Kim Joseph 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify associations among health personality, resilience, and health activation. Participants included 3907 older adults, 65 and older. Latent variable structural equation modeling with bootstrap sampling estimation was conducted. Significant direct paths were observed between health personality factors and resilience, and in turn, resilience to health activation. The results indicate that older adults who were more health conscientious, more extraverted, and less neurotic about their health were also more resilient. Also, older adults who were more resilient were more health activated. Lastly, older adults who were more health conscientious and more agreeable about their health were more health activated. Resilience had a negative indirect effect on health activation through health neuroticism and health extraversion, and a positive indirect effect through health conscientiousness. Healthcare practitioners should target older adults based on health personality and resilience levels and develop interventions to increase health activation.
The Effect of Older Adults’ Relational Stress, Environmental Stress, and Coping on Well-Being
Authors: Kim Meeryoung 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This study used the stress process model for analyzing older adults’ stressors and coping resources, which compares relational and environmental stressors (Pearlin et al., 1990). Additionally, the effect of coping abilities and social support on well-being was compared. This study used the 5th wave data of KReIS (Korean Retirement and Income Studies) that were collected in 2014. The sample included 4,072 older Korean adults aged 60 and older. Relational and environmental stressors were used as the independent variables. Social support and coping were used as coping resources. For the dependent variable, life satisfaction and perceived health were used. Since the stress model is a process model, hierarchical multiple regression was used. Environmental stressors had a significant effect on reducing life satisfaction. Relational and environmental stressors had significant negative effects on perceived health. Both coping and social support had a significant effect on both life satisfaction and perceived health.
Irritated and Feeling Better? Aging Parents’ Marital Status and Daily Interaction With Grown Children
Authors: Kim Yijung , Kim Kyungmin , Fingerman Karen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aging parents’ marital status shapes their ties to family members, but less is known about its link to their daily mood and interaction with grown children. This study examined married, widowed, or divorced/separated aging parents (N = 203, Mage = 79.80) from the Family Exchanges Study, who completed a 7-day daily diary on their daily mood (positive, negative) and interactions (any contact, irritable, enjoyable interaction) with the grown children (N = 771, Mage = 53.20). Findings from multilevel models indicated that widowed parents were more likely to report irritable interactions with their grown children than the married ones. Furthermore, married and widowed parents tended to report more negative mood, whereas separated parents tended to report less negative mood on days they had irritable interactions with grown children. This study highlights the centrality of aging parents’ daily interaction with grown children and suggests that the dynamics of family composition warrant attention.
It Has Not Been a Good Day: Managing Difficult Behaviors of Relatives With Dementia
Authors: Roberto Karen , McCann Brandy Renee , Savla Tina , Hoyt Emily , Blieszner Rosemary , Knight Aubrey 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Most family caregivers provide appropriate care and a supportive environment for their older relatives with dementia (PwD), yet the stress and strain associated with caregiving can trigger potentially harmful responses. Although much has been written about dealing with memory problems, researchers know less about how caregivers cope with difficult behaviors such as hallucinations, violent outbursts, or refusing food, medicine, or bathing. Interviews with 30 relatives providing care to community-dwelling PwD in rural Virginia revealed that caregivers typically used four behavior management strategies: reasoning with PwD; redirecting PwD’s attention; forceful actions, such as shouting at PwD; and withdrawing from interactions. Forceful management strategies and withdrawing from interactions were usually employed after reasoning and redirection failed to elicit desired behavior. Understanding whether caregivers’ expectations of PwD’s capacities are realistic, and why and when caregivers use various behavior management strategies, can help service providers develop appropriate educational interventions for frustrated caregivers.
Why Increased Focus on Aging With Disability Matters to Gerontology Research, Policy, and Practice
Authors: Campbell Margaret , Janicki Matthew 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This symposium elaborates on the theme of the 2020 conference, “Why Age Matters”, to include aging with disability. We ask: “can an increased focus on aging with disability within gerontological research, policy, and practice advance our knowledge of disablement across the life cycle and improve our design and implementation of health and social service interventions’? Five experts will address this from differing perspectives (including gerontology and rehabilitation). One presentation draws on national/ regional data to illustrate the changing demographics of aging and disability and highlights the health consequences of aging with- and aging into, long-term physical disabilities. A second uses data from a mixed methods study to demonstrate the unique challenges experienced by adults aging with spinal cord injury with a focus on the impact of specific environmental barriers and facilitators to maintain health and participation in social roles. A third covers three reports on data from a scoping review to document the exclusion of middle-aged and older adults with disabilities from behavioral clinical trials and describes how translational research strategies can be used to help close this gap. A fourth presents examples of how technologies, such as videoconferencing and voice activation, are being used to deliver and enhance existing EB interventions to improve health, physical activity, and participation for individuals aging with mobility impairments. The last one draws on research and scholarly work from both gerontology and rehabilitation to highlight the co-occurring issues of ageism and ableism and describes how reducing ableism is central to successfully reframing aging. Lifelong Disabilities Interest Group Sponsored Symposium.
Measurement of Inequality and Compression of Mortality in India for 4 Decades: 1970–2015
Authors: Parmar Mukesh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The studies relating to measurement of compression of Mortality in India is scarce. Most of the studies relating to mortality in India are focused on either life expectancy, or adult, and child mortality. We have used methods suggested by Kannisto (2000) and Canudos (2008) to measure the compression of mortality phenomenon for India for four decades viz. 1970-2015. Dispersion measures like simple mean, median, modal age at death; and some complicated measures like life disparity, standard deviation above mode, standard deviation in highest quartile, Interquartile range, Gini coefficient, AID and C-family were calculated for India from 1970-2015. We used the age specific death rates from abridged Life tables given by Sample Registration System published by Govt. of India. Our results show that inequality in mortality is decreasing in general but the gap between male and female is increasing. There was an average of three years difference in mean and modal age at death between male females in 2011-15. Overall, mean, median and modal age at death has increased in four decades but other inequality measures like Gini coefficient, AID, Standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation has decreased in four decades in India. C50 indicator, which indicates that 50 percent of deaths are happening in that age interval, declined from 26 years to 20 years for males and 27 years to 17 years for females, thus indicating the rate of compression of mortality is higher for females than males in India during 1970-75 till 2011-15.
Voice First as a Platform for Addressing and Measuring Social Isolation
Authors: Elza Ryan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Voice First solutions offer the opportunity to promote social connectedness and independence. AARP Foundation has been successful in deploying Voice First devices (Amazon Alexa, Google Home Assistant) in senior living and affordable housing communities and developing Voice First solutions through its Connect2Affect Connected Communities program. Connected Communities empowers older adults through voice first solutions to help them obtain the social support resources needed to stay socially connected, remain independent and age in place. AARP Foundation has developed three Voice First solutions 1) Community Hub, a voice application that encourages participation in group activities by voice-enabling a community’s calendar of events and allowing older adults to discover, register and receive reminders for events, 2) A data collection voice application that administers the 10-item version of the Duke Social Support Index (DSSI) at regular intervals to assess an older adults’ condition of isolation, 3) Social Check-in, a guided risk assessment for social isolation that helps older adult understand their individual risk factors.
Overview of REJOIN: A Clinical Trial to Use Exercise to Relieve Joint Pain in Older Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Bluethmann Shirley , Truica Cristina , Olsen Nancy , Sciamanna Christopher , Klepin Heidi , Chinchilli Vernon , Schmitz Kathryn 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Aromatase Inhibitors (AIs) are recommended for survival in hormone-sensitive breast cancer survivors, yet are underutilized, especially in older survivors. Joint pain is a prevalent AI-related symptom that is associated with low adherence. The aims for this randomized clinical trial (n=76) are to: 1) adapt a self-management (exercise + education) intervention for older survivors planning to take AIs; 2) Test the effect of a pilot intervention on arthralgia; and 3) Test its effect on AI medication adherence behaviors. We will adapt a program for seniors that includes bi-weekly 60-minute sessions of supervised exercise plus 30 minutes of education. The 16-week program includes: 8-weeks in person plus 8-weeks at home with phone counseling. We will conduct geriatric plus baseline assessment of exercise, joint pain, and AI adherence (repeated 4, 6 and 12 months). More research with geriatric survivors is required to address treatment needs and to promote survival. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Cancer and Aging Interest Group.
Reframing the End Stage of Renal Disease: How Age Matters
Authors: Waldrop Deborah , Denny Patricia , Lauer Sandra , Grimm Kathleen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) conveys high symptom burden, multimorbidity and the greater likelihood of hospital death than other serious illnesses. Increases in people with ESRD occurred most sharply among adults age 75+. Despite high mortality risk, few with ESRD consider end-of-life preferences or discuss with a physician. The purpose of this study was to explore the nature of advance care planning in ESRD. The study utilized mixed methods and both qualitative and quantitative data was collected during in-depth chairside interviews with 31 people while they were on hemodialysis. Participants ranged in age from 29-85; Mage=60; (N=13 [40%/)60). The data was divided above and below the Mage, and distinct differences were found in the nature of advanced care planning by age group. Greater numbers of people &gt;60 (N=11[61%]) were not considering a transplant while (N=9[69%]) of those under 60 had a failed transplant and were again on the waiting list. Although the majority of participants had a health care proxy (N=27[87%]), more who were &gt;60 had a proxy who knew their wishes (N=14[78%]) compared with (N=9[69%]) who were 60 compared with none &lt;60. The qualitative data illuminated these age-differentiated responses in themes: Older age and (1) Multimorbidity; (2) Frequency/intensity of hospitalization; (3) Diminished hope of transplantation; and (4) More acute death awareness. The need for disease-specific advance care planning—with hopes and expectations about transplant--and attention to the influence of age and decline cannot be overstated.
Detecting ADRD Caregivers’ Information Wants in Social Media: A Machine Learning–Aided Approach
Authors: Xie Bo , Wang Zhendong , Zou Ning , Luo Zhimeng , Hilsabeck Robin , Aguirre Alyssa 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
ADRD caregivers increasingly use social media to meet their health information wants (HIW). Machine learning (ML) tools may help understand caregivers’ HIW as expressed via social media. This pilot study explored a collaborative, iterative process between domain experts and ML tools to identify ADRD caregivers’ HIW from social media data. The HIW-ADRD framework was adapted from an existing HIW framework. Through multiple rounds of iteration between the experts and the ML tools, the framework was expanded to include 11 types of health information. Each type included corresponding keywords developed through a hybrid approach that included keywords from both the theoretical constructs (top-down) and caregivers’ posts (bottom-up). These keywords were then used to enhance the ML tools’ ability to code 106 recent posts extracted from an ADRD social media group in March 2020. When compared with expert coding results, ML tools accurately predicted 56% of HIW. Further work is underway.
The Spiritual Dimensions of Friendship
Authors: Achenbaum Andy 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
It was the spiritual dimensions of my friendship with Vern Bengtson that I treasure most. Vern was always willing to discuss the dark sides of himself and to listen to my spiritual pain. His empowering way of advancing the meanings of aging were a spiritual gift. This presentation will address the value of spiritual friendship in human aging. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Religion, Spirituality and Aging Interest Group.
Tracing the Religious Life Course: Intergenerational Sources of Later Life Religiosity
Authors: Silverstein Merril , Hwang Woosang , Blankholm Joseph 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
The development of religiosity in later life has its origins in earlier phases of the life course, yet few studies have investigated the contribution of early forms of religious exposure to religious beliefs and behaviors in old age. This investigation uses multigenerational data from the Longitudinal Study of Generations taken from 385 baby-boom children age 16-26 and their parents, linked to religious orientations of these children in midlife and old age. Relying on the “chains of risk” perspective, we found that parental religious intensity in 1971 strengthened their children’s behavioral and cognitive religiosity in later life through their indirect effects on children’s early and midlife religiosity. Our results demonstrate both intergenerational and life course forms of stability in religious belief and practice. Evidence suggests that parental influence creates religious momentum in their children that carries from adolescence/young adulthood through the unfolding of human lives into old age. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Religion, Spirituality and Aging Interest Group.
Older Adult Peer Specialists’ Role in Reducing Loneliness Among People With Mental Health Conditions
Authors: Fortuna Karen , Mois George , Brooks Jessica , Myers Amanda , Bianco Cynthia 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
PeerTECH is a peer-delivered and technology-support integrated medical and psychiatric self-management intervention developed by peers. A pre/post trial by our group has shown PeerTECH is associated with statistically significant improvements in self-efficacy for managing chronic disease and psychiatric self-management skills. This presentation will discuss the feasibility and potential effectiveness of using ecological momentary assessments (EMA) with older adults with mental health conditions to allow us to recognize early signs of loneliness and intervene as early as possible in real-world settings. EMA involves repeated sampling of an individual’s behaviors and experiences in real time, real-world environments on the smartphone application. Then, we will discuss the main and interactive effects of loneliness and factors linked to mortality. In conclusion, we will discuss potential effectiveness of PeerTECH with older adults with SMI.
Prevention and Reduction of Care Against Someone’s Will in Cognitively Impaired People at Home: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Mengelers Angela , Bleijlevens Michel , Verbeek Hilde , Moermans Vincent , Capezuti Elizabeth , Hamers Jan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Sometimes care is provided to a cognitively impaired person against the person’s will, referred to as involuntary treatment. An intervention (PRITAH) was developed to prevent and reduce involuntary treatment comprising 4 components: client-centered care policy, workshops, coaching on the job by a specialized nurse and the use of alternative interventions. A feasibility study was conducted including 30 professional caregivers. Feasibility was assessed by attendance lists (reach), a logbook (dose delivered and fidelity), evaluation questionnaires and focus group interviews (dose received, satisfaction & barriers). The workshops and coach were positively evaluated and the average attendance rate was 73%. Participants gained more awareness and knowledge and received practical tips and advice to prevent involuntary treatment. Implementation of the intervention was feasible with minor deviations from protocol. Recommendations for improvement included more emphasis on involvement of family caregivers and general practitioners and development of an extensive guideline to comply with the policy. Part of a symposium sponsored by Systems Research in Long-Term Care Interest Group.