bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of sucrose and Acetobacter aceti adition to acetic acid content on coconut water vinegar
Authors: Hernani  , Mangunwardoyo W , Hidayati M D , Miskiyah  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Vinegar can be made from coconut water through a fermentation process in two stages, namely alcohol fermentation used yeast in an anaerobic state and acetic acid fermentation using Acetobacter aceti in aerobic. The present work was to investigate the influences of sucrose addition on alcohol fermentation and Acetobacter aceti on acetic acid fermentation to the acetic acid and phenol content of product vinegar. Method of the experiment was used in a completely randomized design by factorial with two replications. The first factor was sugar concentration (A) consisting of 2 levels i.e 15% and 20%, whereas the second factor was the concentration of inoculum of A.aceti consisting of 3 levels i.e 10%, 15% and 20%. Observations determined for ethanol content, pH, specific gravity, acetic acid andand phenol content. The results showed that ethanol and acetic acid contents tended to increase, and the pH value decreased, while the specific gravity almost constant. Then, for acetic acid fermentation was showed increasing the acetic acid content for all treatment in days 49, especially for the addition of 15% sucrose and 10% A.aceti.
Ability of Trichoderma harzianum in carbon fiber and silica nano particles formulation to control Fusarium oxysporum in vitro
Authors: Hersanti  , Djaya L , Ilahiyyat I , Ruhyaman R R 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Basal rot disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae is one of the major diseases that cause yield loss on shallot. Utilization of biocontrol agents can be applied as an environmentally safe control method. The antagonistic microorganism that has the potency to control fusarial diseases is Trichoderma harzianum. A carrier is required in preparing a formulation of this antagonistic fungus as a biocontrol delivery system (BDS). Carbon fiber was proven suitable as a carrier of some antagonistic bacteria. A formulation can also be supplemented with plant micronutrient. Addition of silica nano particles (Si NPs.) in the formulation did not reduce the viability of the antagonistic bacteria. An experiment was carried out to determine the ability of T. harzianum in the formulation with carbon fiber and Si NPs. to suppress the in-vitro growth of F. oxysporum. The experiment was arranged in the completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments were challenging F. oxysporum by T. harzianum in different composition of formulation on potato dextrose agar. The compositions consisted of T. harzianum + 0.5% Si NPs., T. harzianum + 1% Si NPs., T. harzianum + 0.5% Si NPs. + 5% carbon fiber, T. harzianum + 1% Si NPs. + 5% carbon fiber, and T. harzianum only (control). The results showed that each treatment with T. harzianum in the formulation of carbon fiber + various concentrations of Si NPs. was able to suppress the in vitro growth of F. oxysporum by 58.39-60.92%. The BDS with carbon fiber and Si Nps. did not significantly reduced the ability of T. harzianum to antagonize F. oxysporum. The control treatment of single T. harzianum caused the highest suppression on the growth of F. oxysporum, up to 60.93%..
Bacteria analysis as plastic biodegradation agent and biofertilizer
Authors: Ikhwan A , Nurcholis M 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Several bacteria have been observed as tolerant to the plastic waste according to previous studies. However, its ability as in biodegradation of plastic and biological fertilizers has not been previously tested. Therefore this research is intended to test the potential ability of these bacteria as in biodegradation of plastic waste and biological fertilizer by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS) technique. According to GC-MS analysis results on SP6 isolates as plastic-tolerant bacterial models, have obtained 5 specific secondary metabolites which act as biodegradation of plastic with the composition as follows: Malic acid (𝐶4𝐻6𝑂5) 1.85%, Xanthine (𝐶5𝐻4𝑁4𝑂2) 1.08%, Myo inositol (6𝐻12𝑂6) 1.32%, γ Glutamyl alanine (𝐶8𝐻14𝑁2𝑂5) 0.85% and Ribitol 5 phosphate (𝐶5𝐻13𝑂8𝑃) 1.30%. In addition, the isolate was also able to synthesize several phytohormonesan indicator for potential use as biofertilizer-with the composition as follows: α Aminobutyric acid3 (C4H9NO2) 1.20%, Indoleacetic acid (C10H9NO2) 1.85%, Kinetin (C10H9N5O) 1.19%, Kinetin glucoside (C16H19N5O7) 1,19 % and Benzyladenine 9 glucoside N6 (C18H21N5O5) 1.31%. It is therefore, the bacterium has a double potentiality not only to degrade plastics, but also to be used as a bio-fertilizer.
Innovation of fruit coating with antifungal yeast to maintain the quality of postharvest strawberries
Authors: Indratmi D , Octavia C T N 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Postharvest strawberries have a relatively short shelf life and the quality of fruit is rapidly declining, especially with a history of high gray mold fungus attacks during cultivation in the garden. The attack rate of fruit rot is high in the garden, causing the surface of strawberries to be colonized by pathogenic spores which results in strawberries becoming susceptible to postharvest disease. One of the main diseases of postharvest strawberries is gray mold rot caused by Botrytis cinerea. Fruit coating is one of the innovations used to extend shelf life and maintain the quality of fruit stored at room temperature. Coating of fruit with natural ingredients is still little researched, especially made from yeast. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of coating postharvest strawberries with antifungal yeast at various levels of maturity on the quality and shelf life of strawberries. The results showed coating strawberries with yeast Debaryomyces hansenii was able to maintain the quality of the fruit, increase the shelf life of the fruit, and protect the fruit from the attack of postharvest pathogens with parasitism mechanism, without reducing the quality of fruit, so that it can be applied after the harvest of strawberries.
Diversity and phytochemistry analysis in zodia plants organs (Evodia suaveolens)
Authors: Iriani F , Yanuastri P W 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The Zodia is one of the Indonesian plants from Papua, designated as biophytopharmaca because of its efficacy in preventing mosquito bites in the human body. The variety of types and levels of these organic compounds found in each organ of the plant zodia is the purpose of this study. The results showed that zodia plants dominated by hexane compounds were found in root bark (40.9%), stem bark (81.1%), leaves (88.2%), and seeds (90.2%). Then followed by benzene compounds respectively in the root bark organ (58.1%), stem bark (3.5%), seeds (1.5%), and leaves (1.9%). The total types of phytochemical compounds contained in the root bark organ (43 types), leaves (23 types), stem bark (18 types), and seeds (13 types). The special phytochemical found in root bark is Aristolone, in stem bark is Longiverbanon or Vulgarone B, in leaves is Evodone, and in seeds is Decosane. All types of phytochemicals are detected through GCMS method using GC-2010 and QMS-2010 type GCMS are potential as phytopharmaca if managed appropriately. By knowing the types and levels of phytochemicals found in each organ of zodia, it is expected to continue on drug research opportunity to manage it to be clinically useful for humans.
Precipitation forecasting using neural network model approach
Authors: Iriany A , Rosyida D , Sulistyono A D , Ruchjana B N 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Neural network constitutes a non-linear model requiring no statistical assumption. Along the development of which, neural network model has been frequently combined with time series and spatio temporal models. This current research combined neural network and spatio temporal models. One of spatio temporal models is GSTAR-SUR model. The weight projected in this current research is cross covariance normalized weight. This sort of weight is deemed suitable for data with high variability. The significant variable in GSTAR-SUR model containing cross covariance normalized weight was used as input layer of neural network model. The hidden layer made use of 10 neurons fulfilling the criteria of the lowest RMSE value and there was 1 neuron used as output. The data were in the form of 10-day precipitations in Junggo, Pujon, Tinjumoyo, and Ngujung, during the period of 2005 to 2014. This research has found out that NN-GSTAR-SUR model yielded better and more accurate forecasting, showing 𝑅2 value of 61.77%.
Growth and yield of various local rice varieties with system of rice intensification irrigation system
Authors: Isnawan B H , Samanhudi  , Supriyono  , Supriyadi  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The aims of this research to determine the suitability of intermittent and continuous flooding irrigation techniques to reduce water requirements on local rice varieties and to study the response of various local rice varieties to the growth and yield of rice crop. The research has been conducted on the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture UMY. The method used the experimental method with 7 x 2 factorial design which arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with 3 replications. The first factor was rice varieties which consist of 7 varieties, i.e. Mentik wangi, Pandan wangi, Mentik susu, Rojolele gepyok, Rojolele genjah, Segoro anak, and Ciherang. The second factor was the method of irrigation consisting of 2 levels, i.e. intermittent irrigation SRI and continuous flooding. The results of the study illustrate that the treatment of varieties influences the growth and yield. Mentik susu variety have productive tiller number much than other varieties, while Mentik wangi variety have root length longer than other varieties. Tiller number, plant dry weight and grain weight shows significant interaction between varieties and irrigation. Conventional and SRI irrigation on Rojolele gepyok variety and Rojolele genjah with SRI irrigation produces grain weight more weight than other varieties.
Study of tricho-compost and rice husk biochar applications to development of Phytophthora late blight diseases and yields of potato plants
Authors: Meilin A , Rubiana R , Hendri J , Primilestari S , Handoko S , Rustam  
Published: April 2020

AbstractIncreasing crop productivity can do through improved cultivation technology by utilizing agricultural waste. This study aims to determine the development of Phytophthoralate blight deseases and yields of potato crops through the applications of tricho-compost and rice husk biochar. Trico-compost and biocharapplication on agriculture has benefits to improving soil quality, enhance crop yield, also reduce carbon and mitigate green house gas emission. Potato varieties used are Granola. Beds covered with plastic mulch, fertilizing using NPK according to recommendations, weeding weeds according to conditions, controlling pests and diseases based on Integrated Pest Control. The difference in technological treatment studied was 1) tricho-compost 10 tons/ha, 2) tricho-compost 10 tons/ha + rice husk biochar 1 ton/ha, 3) tricho-compost 10 tons/ha + rice husk biochar 2 tons/ha, and control(farmer technology without tricho-compost and without rice husk biochar). The environmental design used was a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 7 replications. Data were analyzed by The F test and further tests used with Duncan. Results showed that the intensity of Phytophthoraleaf deseaseswas lower in potato fields with tricho-compost and rice husk biochar applications. Application of tricho-compost + rice husk biochar 2 tons/ha can increase potato productivity to 27 tons/ha (28.6% higher than farmer technology), and improve the quality of potato tubers, especially XL tubers.
Foliar application of micro cattle bone ash in increasing growth and yield of sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.)
Authors: Mulyono  , Hidayat T 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Cattle bone ash contains high calcium and phosphor that can be used as foliar fertilizer. The foliar application requires particles whose size must be smaller than the stomatal size. The study is expected to increase the growth and the production of sweet corn by applying cattle bone ash to sweet corn through foliar application. The experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design with five treatments; without cattle bone ash application, 0.1 %, 0.2 %, 0.3%, and 0.4% of cattle bone ash concentration. Cattle bone ash dominated with particles smaller than stomatal size and contained high calcium, oxygen and phosphor with little of sodium and magnesium. The result showed that 0.3% application of micro cattle bone ash could enhance leaves area, root dry weight, net assimilation rate, ear weight, and 100 kernels weight of sweet corn.
L-Arginine to inhibit browning on fresh-cut salacca (Salacca edulis Reinw)
Authors: Prabasari I , Utama N A , Wijayanti E P , Hasanah N A U , Riyadi S , Hariadi T K 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe research aimed to study the effect of various concentration of L-arginine and time of immersion in inhibiting enzymatic browning on fresh-cut Salacca. The experiment was conducted in Single Factor Completely Randomized Design with treatments as follows: (P0) Control, (P1) L-arginine 50 mM and immersion time 5 min, (P2) L-arginine 50 mM and immersion time 10 min, (P3) L-arginine 50 mM and immersion time 15 min, (P4) L-arginine 100 mM and immersion time 5 min, (P5) L-arginine 100 mM and immersion time 10 min, (P6) L-arginine 100 mM and immersion time 15 min, (P7) L-arginine 150 mM and immersion time 5 min, (P8) L-arginine 150 mM and immersion time 10 min, (P9) L-arginine 150 mM and immersion time 15 min. The result showed that L-arginine prevented synthesis of phenolic compound that promotes browning development. However color measurement of fresh-cut Salacca indicated that L-Arginine was able to prevent browning only up to 9 days. Meanwhile various immersion times did not give significant difference in preventing browning. Based on weight loss and hardness analysis, L-Arginine was able to prolong the quality of fresh-cut Salacca. The result in this study will be elaborated and used as a reference to develop non-destructive method using SVM (Support Vector Machine) to analyze the degree of browning on fresh-cut Salacca.
Utilization of safira taro flour (Colocasia esculenta) as addition of natural stabilizers on yoghurt products
Authors: Purwaningsih H , Nuryanti S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Yogurt is a processed food biotechnology made from milk that has been fermented by Lactobacillus and Streptococcus lactic acid bacteria that have antioxidant activity. The manufacturing process has decreased water holding capacity (whey off), this is caused by a decrease in pH in the range of casein isoelectric points that affect the quality of the final product. The purpose of this study is to maintain the final quality of yogurt with the addition of natural taro flour stabilizers. The research method used is to compare the concentrations of natural stabilizers of 2.5%, 1.25%, 0.165%, 0.1% and incubation time of 9 hours, 18 hours, 24 hours, 34 hours. Parameters observed: analysis of the physico-chemical properties of yogurt. The results showed the best yogurt with fat content (0.51%), potassium (2354.64 mg / kg), nutrient content (energy 612.8 kcal; protein 12.7; carbohydrate 9.85 g; calcium 120.29 g; phosphorus 223, 5g; Iron 20.3g; Vitamin A 484mg; vitamin B 0.387mg; vitamin C 1.81 mg)), and organoleptics showed that panelists preferred the yogurt variant (sweet taste). The best yogurt is that there is no decrease in water binding capacity by adding natural stabilizers with an incubation period of 24 hours with a 0.1% stabilizer.
Redevelopment strategy of Sambas orange
Authors: Rizieq R , Dianto A , Ekawati  , Widarti S 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThis research aimed to investigate the best redevelopment strategy of Sambas Orange. The fruit was the icon of Sambas Regency. The damaged Sambas orange plants were caused by some factors such as its trade system. There are many farmers who are growing the orange. They are expecting that the fruit become the icon of the place so that it can increase their welfare. This research was conducted in 2018 in Tebas District, Sambas Regency, the center of Siam orange plantation. The sampling was through two stages. The first stage was determining the sample of village through purposive sampling; Segarau Parit was chosen for its large area and high production number. The second stage was determining the sample of farmers through random sampling. SWOT analysis was implemented. The result of research revealed that the required strategy was aggressive Growth-Oriented Strategy.
Decrease of agricultural land and industry growth in Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors: Rozaki Z 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Economic development can affect many factors, such as agriculture and industry. These two sectors can significantly affect the economic health. Population growth encourages the employment opportunities to be increased. Industry becomes an area that can provide many job vacancies, but extend the industry is not easy because the side effect often takes agricultural land for operation. Industry in Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) is also growing like in other places. The land is changing from agricultural land to other functions. This phenomenon is gradually increasing year by year. This study aims to analyze the correlation between the industry growth and the decrease of agricultural land. The data from 2001 to 2016 were analyzed to know the correlation. The results ilustrate that there are significant correlations between industry growth and the decrease of agricultural land in Kulonprogo District, Bantul District, Sleman District, and Gunung Kidul District which are known as food production centers in DIY. Yogyakarta City does not have many agricultural lands, therefore there is no correlation between the industry growth and the decrease of agricultural land area. Therefore, develope the industry must consider the land that is used for expansion.
Assessment of insect diversity and community structure in the sugarcane plantation in Jambi Province
Authors: Rubiana R , Meilin A 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Sugarcane can be cultivated in diverse agroecosystems, so it has the potential attack of different pest. The study on the biodiversity of insects in sugarcane plantations at different altitudes has the objective to study the insect community structures that are useful in making decisions in integrated pest control. The study was conducted on sugarcane plantations in the highlands and lowlands areas, i.e Kerinci and Muaro Jambi Regency. The insect sample was identified to morphospecies level. The results showed that the altitude did not affect the diversity of insects in the sugarcane agrosystem, nevertheless the altitude affected the abundance of pests attacked. Interestingly, Sesamia was only found attack the sugarcane in the highlands area. Ants (Hymenoptera) causing hollow stems of plants. The intensity of attacks in the highlands ranges 36 - 76%, while in the lowlands 28 - 40% rate of cell division resulting in bacterial colonization and motility approaching the fungal pathogen.
Effects of exogenous auxin on stem cutting growth of tea (Camellia sinensis)
Authors: Sarjiyah S , Guretna T , Samidjo G S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Root growth rate of a stem cutting was affected by the auxin levels absorbed by the stem cutting. Level of endogenous auxin was insufficient to stimulate the root growth, so that exogenous auxin should be applied. As synthetic auxin was highly expensive, natural auxin sources gained more attention recently to be used. This study was aimed to determine the best source of exogenous auxin triggering the stem cutting growth of tea (Camellia sinensis). This research was conducted using a completely randomized design with four replicates of each treatment. Source of exogenous auxin used in this study consisted of both synthetic (IBA and Rootone-F™) and natural (goat urine and shallot tuber extract) types. These exogenous auxins were applied into the tea stem cutting before planting through dipping method. Growth parameters related to root, shoot and leaf development were observed. Data were evaluated statistically using one-way anova. Application of 6.000 ppm IBA enhanced the rooting percentage and leaf area. Increase of root length was found in the stem cutting treated with 10% goat urine. These results suggested that each type of exogenous auxin stimulated the root growth in a different way. Therefore, proportional combination of these auxin sources might provide a greater support on root growth of tea stem cutting.
Factors influencing in implementing rice farming conservation on slope land
Authors: Sholeh M S , Sukma K P W , Suprapti I 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Farmers in Pamekasan Regency, especially in Pakong Subdistrict, use sloping land as agricultural land. The farmers generally have implemented conservation rules at different levels. This study aims to examine the factors that influence the application level of rice farming conservation on sloping land. The method used in this study is a questionnaire that concern with the level of conservation application and the factors that influence the adoption level of conservation farming. Meanwhile variables of Conservation farming include making terraces, making infiltration channels, planting terrace reinforcement plants, making water drainage channels and utilizing or using natural mulch. Furthermore the influencing Factors include land area (X1), farmer’s age (X2), formal education (X3), non-formal education (X4), land slope (X5), conservation farming knowledge (X6), knowledge of conservation methods (X7), and knowledge of the importance of conservation (X8). The result showed that 65.38% of the sampled farmers had applied conservation with a high level category. Multiple linear analysis of the factors showed that X4, X5, X7 and X8 had a significant effect on the level of conservation farming iplementation for rice plants on sloping land.
Physic-mechanical properties of edible film based on taro starch (Colocasia esculenta L. Schoott) with glycerol addition
Authors: Siskawardani D D , Warkoyo  , Hidayat R , Sukardi  
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Food packaging has substantial roles, such as product protection from microbial contamination, chemical pollution and physical harm. While environmental pollution caused by plastic packaging become concerning, hence there are innovation to produce films that are convenient to decompose. Edible film is a thin layer that serves as food protector, and barriers to the transfer of mass, such as water vapor, and oxygen. Taro tuber is one of the potential raw materials, which has high starch content. While the most edible films that made from starch have deficiencies alike high fragility, therefore plasticizers need to be added. Glycerol addition is more efficient in improving physical and mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation, because it improve flexibility, strength to against physical damage, and better transparency. This study aimed to determine the concentrations of taro starch and glycerol effect on edible film physics-mechanical properties. Randomized complete block design factorial (RCBD) with two factors and 3 replications were applied to analyze the data. The first factor was taro starch concentration (2, 2.5 and 3%) and the second factor was glycerol concentration (25, 30, and 35%). The results indicated that there were interaction between taro starch and glycerol concentration to the parameters of tensile strength, elasticity, solubility, WVTR and transparency. Moreover, the best combination treatment was 3% taro starch and 25% glycerol, with characteristics of thickness (0.15 mm), tensile strength (10.63 MPa), elasticity (60.21%), solubility (23.48%), WVTR (25.37 g/m2/24 hours) and transparency (2.23 mm−1).