bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aktueller Stand der Antibiotikaprophylaxe bei Ösophagusvarizenblutungen in Deutschland
Authors: Zhelegu Irda , Ebert Matthias Philip , Vogelmann Roger 
Published: February 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Eine Antibiotikaprophylaxe bei Patienten mit oberer gastrointestinaler Blutung bei Leberzirrhose reduziert das Risiko für bakterielle Infektionen sowie die Frühmortalität signifikant. Ziel der Studie ist es, den aktuellen Stand der Antibiotikaprophylaxe in gastroenterologischen Abteilungen in Deutschland zu erheben.
Methodik Evaluation zu Indikation, Dauer und Wahl des Antibiotikums bei einer Ösophagusvarizenblutung bei Leberzirrhose durch eine Befragung von gastroenterologischen Abteilungen in Deutschland.
Ergebnisse Von 779 kontaktierten Gastroenterologien haben 326 an der Studie teilgenommen. 98,5 % der befragten Kliniken führen eine prophylaktische Antibiotikagabe bei Ösophagusvarizenblutungen bei Leberzirrhose durch (n = 321/326). Das Child-Pugh-Stadium der Leberzirrhose war nur in 7,1 % (n = 23/322) der Fälle wichtig bei der Entscheidung zur Antibiotikagabe. Eine prophylaktische Antibiotikatherapie wurde auch in 19,4 % (n = 62/320) der Fälle vor einem elektiven Ösophagusvarizenbanding ohne Blutung gegeben. Cephalosporine der 3. Generation sind die am häufigsten verwendeten Antibiotika (66,5 %; n = 248/373), gefolgt von Fluorchinolonen (19,9 %; n = 74/373). Die Prophylaxe wird in 32,3 % der Fälle (n = 104/322) für 3 Tage durchgeführt, in 9,3 % (n = 30/322) für 1 Tag und entsprechend nur in 24,8 % (n = 80/322) über den in den deutschen Leitlinien empfohlenen Zeitraum von 7 Tagen. Ein hausinterner SOP (standard of procedure) zur Antibiotikaprophylaxe ist nur in 45,1 % (n = 147/326) vorhanden.
Schlussfolgerung Unsere Studie zeigt, dass die angewandten Standards zur prophylaktischen Antibiotikatherapie bei Ösophagusvarizenblutungen in Deutschland stark variieren. Studien zur notwendigen Dauer der Prophylaxe und zur Abhängigkeit vom Stadium der Leberzirrhose könnten unnötige Antibiotikagabe verhindern. Das Vermeiden einer Antibiotikaprophylaxe bei einem elektiven Banding von Ösophagusvarizen, die nicht empfohlen und von knapp 20 % der Teilnehmer durchgeführt wird, könnte schon jetzt den Antibiotikaverbrauch reduzieren.
Unusual and Rare Pneumocephalus Presentations in a Tertiary Care Center: Management Strategies and Review of Literature
Authors: Viswanathan Rajanandhan , Sanjeevi Venkatesan , Dhandapani Balasubramanian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractPneumocephalus has various forms of presentations and a diverse etiology ranging from trauma to iatrogenic craniotomies and spinal surgeries. Most cases are benign and uncomplicated and resolve with minimal or no intervention. Few cases of pneumocephalus or pneumoventricles are either persistent despite treatment or present in various unique forms leading to considerable difficulty in the diagnosis and management of these patients. In this study, we analyze six cases of pneumocephalus with unusual and rare form of presentations and discuss their management strategies along with a review of relevant literature.
Cerebellar Cryptococcoma in an Immunocompetent Adult: A Rare Occurrence Report of a Case and Review of Literature
Authors: Kumar Manish , Bajaj Ankur , Tewari Manoj Kumar , Singh Paramjit , Radotra Bishan Das 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis study reports a rare case of cryptococcoma of the brain and review the related literature. An intracranial lesion, in a healthy, middle-aged adult who underwent surgery with a preoperative diagnosis of neoplastic/metastatic lesion, which turned out to be cryptococcoma, is being reported. Histopathological examination revealed that this immunocompetent patient had cryptococcoma of the cerebellum. He responded to antifungal chemotherapy (amphotericin B initially for 2 weeks and later oral fluconazole for 10 weeks) very well. Occurrence of cryptococcomas in immunocompetent patients is rare and responds to antifungal chemotherapy very well. Only six cases (including this) have been reported in literature till now.
1 Hz Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Primary Motor Cortex: Impact on Excitability and Task Performance in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Engelhardt Melina , Picht Thomas 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective Neuronavigated repetitive transcranial stimulation (rTMS) at a frequency of 1 Hz was shown to reduce excitability in underlying brain areas while increasing excitability in the opposite hemisphere. In stroke patients, this principle is used to normalize activity between the lesioned and healthy hemispheres and to facilitate rehabilitation. However, standardization is lacking in applied protocols, and there is a poor understanding of the underlying physiologic mechanisms. Furthermore, the influence of hemispheric dominance on the intervention has not been studied before. A systematic evaluation of the effects in healthy subjects would deepen the understanding of these mechanisms and offer insights into ways to improve the intervention.
Methods Twenty healthy subjects underwent five 15-minute sessions of neuronavigated rTMS or sham stimulation over their dominant or nondominant motor cortex. Dominance was assessed with the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory. Changes in both hemispheres were measured using behavioral parameters (finger tapping, grip force, and finger dexterity) and TMS measures (resting motor threshold, recruitment curve, motor area, and cortical silent period).
Results All subjects tolerated the stimulation well. A pronounced improvement was noted in finger tapping scores over the nonstimulated hemisphere as well as a nonsignificant reduction of the cortical silent period in the stimulated hemisphere, indicating a differential effect of the rTMS on both hemispheres. Grip force remained at the baseline level in the rTMS group while decreasing in the sham group, suggesting the rTMS counterbalanced the effects of fatigue. Lastly, dominance did not influence any of the observed effects.
Conclusions This study shows the capability of the applied low-frequency rTMS protocol to modify excitability of underlying brain areas as well as the contralateral hemisphere. It also highlights the need for a better understanding of underlying mechanisms and the identification of predictors for responsiveness to rTMS. However, results should be interpreted with caution because of the small sample size.
Social capital, human capital and ethnic occupational niches: an analysis of ethnic and gender inequalities in the Spanish labour market
Authors: Bolíbar Mireia 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article analyses the role of different types of social capital in the integration of immigrants into the labour market of Catalonia (Spain), according to the geographical distribution and ethnic characteristics of immigrants’ contacts. It aims to test the role of social networks, human capital and the ethno-stratification of the labour market in immigrants’ labour market performance; and to contribute to understanding the often overlooked but complex interactions between these factors and gender inequalities. Results show that transnational ties constitute a weak resource in obtaining job benefits, that labour-intensive ethnic occupational niches confine immigrants to low-skilled positions to a great extent and that, even controlling for human capital and industrial sectors, having supportive links with native-born Spaniards has a positive effect on migrants’ occupational status. Finally, gendered differences are also evident in respect of returns on social capital, indicating that the sexually segregated occupational structure of the Spanish labour market makes social capital a weaker resource for women immigrants.
Translation and solidarity in the century with no future: prefiguration vs. aspirational translation
Authors: Baker Mona 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe future and how we envision and anticipate it has been the subject of scholarly attention for some time, especially from political theorists, scholars of human geography, and anthropologists. This article draws on some of this literature, but particularly the work of Franco ‘Bifo’ Berardi, the Italian Marxist theorist and activist, to explore the implications of two activist strategies that have recently received some attention from translation scholars: prefiguration and aspirational translation. It reflects on the different orientations to the future implied in these two strategies and suggests that their relative appeal is impacted by the rise of semiocapitalism in what Berardi refers to as ‘the century with no future’, and by varying experiences of activists located in different regions of the world. The work of translation and how translators orient themselves to the future, it is argued, can play an important role in arresting if not reversing the ongoing erosion of those possibilities still inscribed in the present despite semiocapitalism’s growing control over every area of human life.
Multistep peripherin-2/rds self-assembly drives membrane curvature for outer segment disk architecture and photoreceptor viability
Authors: Milstein Michelle L. , Cavanaugh Breyanna L. , Roussey Nicole M. , Volland Stefanie , Williams David S. , Goldberg Andrew F. X. 
Published: February 2020

Significance
Rod and cone photoreceptors are sensory neurons that underlie vertebrate vision. Rods and cones each use specialized membranous organelles, called outer segments (OSs), to transduce photons into cellular signals. This report investigates the molecular basis for normal OS structure. It demonstrates that peripherin-2/rds (P/rds), a photoreceptor-specific protein associated with a broad range of inherited retinal diseases, shapes membranes to help build the distinctive architecture of photoreceptor OSs. More specifically, it reveals the normal function of P/rds as a curvature-generating protein that is essential for high-fidelity organelle formation, and advances understanding of how sight-robbing genetic defects impair P/rds function to negatively affect OS structure.
Erk1/2 inactivation promotes a rapid redistribution of COP1 and degradation of COP1 substrates
Authors: Ouyang Weiming , Guo Pengfei , Takeda Kazuyo , Fu Qiong , Fang Hui , Frucht David M. 
Published: February 2020

Significance
COP1 is an evolutionarily conserved ubiquitin ligase that plays a critical role in regulating the growth patterns of plants in response to light. Light exposure promotes COP1 export from the nucleus, preventing COP1-mediated degradation of transcription factors that regulate light-mediated development (photomorphogenesis). We report that, similar to its regulation in plants, mammalian COP1 localization is modulated by environment signals. Inactivation of a key mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway (e.g., via exposure to anthrax lethal toxin) induces the rapid transit of COP1 from the nuclear envelope to the nucleoplasm. This activity leads to degradation of COP1’s nuclear transcription factor substrates, which are critical for cell survival and proliferation, allowing mammalian cells to adapt rapidly to changing extracellular cues.
Zero morphemes in paradigms
Authors: Gerner Matthias , Ling Zhang 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This paper sheds a new light on the notion of zero morphemes in inflectional paradigms: on their formal definition
(§ 1), on the way of counting them (§ 2–3) and on the way of conceptualizing them at a deeper, mathematical level (§ 4). We define (zero) morphemes in the language of cartesian set products and propose a method of counting
them that applies the lexical relations of homophony, polysemy, allomorphy and synonymy to inflectional paradigms (§ 2). In this line, two homophonic or synonymous morphemes are different morphemes, while two
polysemous and allomorphic morphemes count as one morpheme (§ 3). In analogy to the number
zero in mathematics, zero morphemes can be thought of either as minimal elements in a totally ordered set or as neutral element in
a set of opposites (§ 4). Implications for language acquisition are discussed in the
conclusion (§ 5).
Biosynthetic gene cluster identification and biological activity of lucilactaene from Fusarium sp. RK97-94
Authors: Kato Sho , Motoyama Takayuki , Futamura Yushi , Uramoto Masakazu , Nogawa Toshihiko , Hayashi Toshiaki , Hirota Hiroshi , Tanaka Akira , Takahashi-Ando Naoko , Kamakura Takashi , Osada Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
We identified the biosynthetic gene cluster for lucilactaene, a cell cycle inhibitor from a filamentous fungus Fusarium sp. RK 97–94. The luc1 knockout strain accumulated demethylated analogs, indicating the involvement of Luc1 methyltransferase in lucilactaene biosynthesis. Lucilactaene showed potent antimalarial activity. Our data suggested that methylation and ether ring formation are essential for its potent antimalarial activity.
Estimation of Green House Gas (GHG) emission at Telaga Punggur landfill using triangular, LandGEM, and IPCC methods
Authors: Yodi  , Suryawan I W K , Afifah A S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Landfill gas (LFG) is one of the largest greenhouse gas (GHG) contributors. By knowing the GHG inventory, disaster prevention efforts can be carried out. The purpose of this study was to determine the GHG quantity of the Telaga Punggur landfill sector using triangular, LandGEM, and IPCC method. CH4 and CO2 that is calculated from Telaga Punggur landfill waspeaked in 2021. LandGEM application estimated CH4 and CO2 emissions which are 1.7x107 m3 and 1.1x107 m3 at peak year, 2021. Total GHG for 2021 is 2.3x107 m3/year with LandGEM program, 2.2x107 m3/year with IPCC program, and 1.5x107 m3/year with triangular program.
Development of an online assessment based on the Shareable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) to optimize the use of BeSmart UNY
Authors: Jati H , Irmawati D , Utami P , Destiana B , Sukirman  , Hariyanto D 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study aimed at developing an Online Assessment based on the Shareable Content Object Reference Model (SCORM) package. This study focused on: (1) obtaining an online assessment design based on SCORM package for the subject of Medical Instrumentation and Electronics based on needs analysis; (2) examining the functionality of the developed online assessment and (3) analyzing the usability of the developed online assessment. This software development process used the ADDIE development model. The testing stage of this study was conducted to verify and to validate the software. The software verification process was performed with functionality testing by media and material experts, and usability testing by users. The results indicated that: (1) it was obtained the design of an online assessment based on SCORM package for the subject of Medical Instrumentation and Electronics, including an online assessment in Besmart packed with SCORM Packages in the form of quiz integration (multiple-choice, short answer, true or false, drag and drop questions); (2) the functionality testing by material experts with a score of 3.88 and a media expert with a score of 4.16 suggested that the developed online assessment was feasible in the aspect of functionality; (3) usability testing by users achieved the score of 3.88 indicating that the developed online assessment was feasible in the aspect of usability.
The independence learning and learning outcomes of Mathematical analysis of students at civil engineering department, faculty of engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang
Authors: Abdullah R , Silalahi J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This research is motivated by the high percentage of students who get low scores in Mathematics Analysis Courses. The purpose of this study was to reveal the contribution of learning independence to the learning outcomes of Mathematical Analysis of Building Engineering Education Study Program students, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang. This study was designed as a quantitative research. The population was 63 students of Building Engineering Education Study Program in 2015, the samples were taken by totally. Instruments in the form of questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability. The findings of the study showed that the contribution of learning independence to the learning outcomes of Mathematical Analysis of students of Building Engineering Education Study Program, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang was 35.28%.
Developing instructional media integrated with learning style instrument for industrial electronics study programs of vocational high schools
Authors: Mashoedah  , Hartmann M , Herman DS , Zamroni  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The study was aimed at revealing (1) how the instructional media of industrial electronics integrated with learning style instrument was developed, (2) the feasibility of the instructional media of industrial electronics integrated with the learning style instruments, (3) the effect of the instructional media on learning achievement, and (4) the effect of the instructional media on learning satisfaction.
The study employed the Design and Development Research (DDR) model. The development procedure used the Specific Project Phases Cluster. The prototype of the product was tested by subject matter, software, and media experts related to the teaching media as a whole, and through a small group field test among a number of students. The data were collected through questionnaires in the form of Likert scale and were analyzed descriptively quantitatively.
The results of the study showed the instructional media was developed through the design and development research (DDR) model with the Design & Development Tools cluster which served as a part of the Product and Tool research main cluster, the instructional media was feasible to use without revision, there was a statistically significant difference in the learning achievement before and after the use of the instructional media, with the effect size of d=1.49 (d>0.8), so the effect of the media was categorized to have a large effect, and the instructional media could bring positive effects on the learning satisfaction.
Designing PBL steps in vocational course based on students’ readiness and teachers’ discussion
Authors: Setiawan A H , Takaoka R 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This research is intended to design project-based vocational courses which focus on CAD construction drawing course using e-learning. The main objective is improving the student’s competence in drawing by decomposing the Project-Based Learning (PBL) using flipped classroom strategy with providing course materials in e-learning. The development procedure is arranged as follow: survey and identification, planning, designing, and developing phases. For preparing the planning and designing phase, observations, course reviews, and surveys had been conducted as the result of this current paper as follows: 1) How to decide the vocational course; 2) Student’s readiness to access personal computer; 3) Designing PBL steps. Observation, courses review, and group discussion were done for determining the course subject. Surveys were held to know the availability of the course to be conducted with minimum facilities and the student readiness to access personal computer, and determined the principles activities considered for the success of this course project by decomposing the PBL approach and flipped classroom strategy, group discussions had been done to get the views of the vocational teachers and lecturers. The results show that the CAD construction drawing is selected as the vocational course; the student’s readiness to access personal computer and their positive opinion of the e - learning is in the very high category; the teachers and lecturers approved the development of CAD construction drawing course using e-learning to be conducted and give the recommendation to do the seven PBL steps.
Electricity course on vocational training centers: a contribution to unemployment management
Authors: Darmawan I A , Budiyanta N E , Aribowo D , Fatkhurokhman M , Hamid M A , Guntara Y , Nurhaji S 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study aims to determine the extent of the contribution of electricity education and training programs organized by vocational training centers in overcoming an unemployment problem. This research was conducted using the Context Input Process Product (CIPP) model evaluation approach. This research was designed by determining the classification of the success of the program implementation into 4 categories, namely, Very Good, Good, Poor, and Very Poor. The research data is presented in quantitative descriptive so that the obtained information can be understood easily. Based on the findings refer to the CIPP model, the aspect of the context in implementing the program was considered to be very good. Meanwhile, the Input, Process, and Product Aspects are in a good category. Thus, in general, the implementation of the Vocational Training Centers or Balai Latihan Kerja (BLK) Education and training program in the electricity sector can be said to run well and sufficiently contribute to overcoming an unemployment problem.
Developing a learning video of the total station for building stake out
Authors: Rochmadi S , Hidayat N 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This study aims to develop a learning video of the total station for building stake out, and evaluating its feasibility. This study applied a Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate (4D) research and development model by Thiagarajan. The findings are as follows. (1) The developed product is a learning video of 351,690 kilobyte (KB) in an MP4 format with the duration of 10 minutes 18 seconds. (2) The feasibility scores of the developed learning video, on a scale of 1-4, are 3.64 by the learning media expert, 3.64 by the learning material expert, and 3.24 by the students.
Development of android-based learning application in EFI materials for vocational schools
Authors: Handoyono N A , Rabiman  
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The development of industry era 4.0 demands that education for 21st-century skills is not enough, but must consider management of learning in social aspects and virtual learning. Smartphones can be used as mobile learning in learning to support the industry era 4.0. This study explains the design and analysis of the performance of android-based learning application on EFI service material. This type of research is Research and Development with a 4D model. The research subjects were class XI Automotive students at SMK Perindustrian Yogyakarta consisting of 30 students. The technique of collecting data uses observation and questionnaires. Data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively to determine the feasibility of an Android mobile application. Android-based learning application on EFI service material developed using Appinventor 2 which is accessed online via Url: http://ai2.appinventor.mit.edu. The development of an Android-based learning application on EFI material gets a very good category. Android-based learning application on EFI service material is effectively applied in learning.