bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human brain organoids reveal accelerated development of cortical neuron classes as a shared feature of autism risk genes
Authors: Paulsen Bruna , Velasco Silvia , Kedaigle Amanda J. , Pigoni Martina , Quadrato Giorgia , Deo Anthony , Adiconis Xian , Uzquiano Ana , Kim Kwanho , Simmons Sean K. , Tsafou Kalliopi , Albanese Alex , Sartore Rafaela , Abbate Catherine , Tucewicz Ashley , Smith Samantha , Chung Kwanghun , Lage Kasper , Regev Aviv , Levin Joshua Z. , Arlotta Paola 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTGenetic risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been associated with hundreds of genes spanning a wide range of biological functions. The phenotypic alterations in the human brain resulting from mutations in ASD risk genes remain unclear, and the level at which these alterations converge on shared disease pathology is poorly understood. Here, we leveraged reproducible organoid models of the human cerebral cortex to identify cell type-specific developmental abnormalities associated with haploinsufficiency in three ASD risk genes,SUV420H1(KMT5B),PTEN, andCHD8. We performed comprehensive single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) of over 400,000 cells, and proteomic analysis on individual organoids sampled at different developmental stages to investigate phenotypic convergence among these genes. We find that within a defined period of early cortical development, each of the three mutations demonstrates accelerated development of cortical neurons. Notably, they do so by affecting different neuronal populations: excitatory deep layer (SUV420H1) and callosal (PTEN) neurons, and inhibitory interneurons (CHD8). This work shows that haploinsufficiency in ASD risk genes converge on early developmental defects in the generation of neurons of the cortical microcircuit.
Engineered Prime Editors with PAM flexibility
Authors: Kweon Jiyeon , Yoon Jung-Ki , Jang An-Hee , Shin Ha Rim , See Ji-Eun , Jang Gayoung , Kim Jong-Il , Kim Yongsub 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAlthough prime editors are a powerful tool for genome editing, which can generate various types of mutations such as nucleotide substitutions, insertions, and deletions in the genome without double-strand breaks or donor DNA, the conventional prime editors are still limited to its target scopes because of the PAM preference of the spCas9 protein. Here, we described the engineered prime editors to expand the range of their target sites using various PAM-flexible Cas9 variants.
Glutaric aciduria type 3 is a naturally occurring biochemical trait in inbred mice of 129 substrains
Authors: Leandro João , Bender Aaron , Dodatko Tetyana , Argmann Carmen , Yu Chunli , Houten Sander M. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe glutaric acidurias are a group of inborn errors of metabolism with different etiologies. Glutaric aciduria type 3 (GA3) is a biochemical phenotype with uncertain clinical relevance caused by a deficiency of succinyl-CoA:glutarate-CoA transferase (SUGCT). SUGCT catalyzes the succinyl-CoA-dependent conversion of glutaric acid into glutaryl-CoA preventing urinary loss of the organic acid. Here, we describe the presence of a GA3 trait in mice of 129 substrains due to SUGCT deficiency, which was identified by screening of urine organic acid profiles obtained from different inbred mouse strains including 129S2/SvPasCrl. Molecular and biochemical analyses in an F2 population of the parental C57BL/6J and 129S2/SvPasCrl strains (B6129F2) confirmed that the GA3 trait occurred inSugct129/129animals. We evaluated the impact of SUGCT deficiency on metabolite accumulation in the glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1) mouse model. We found that GA1 mice with SUGCT deficiency have decreased excretion of urine 3-hydroxyglutaric acid and decreased levels glutarylcarnitine in urine, plasma and kidney. Our work demonstrates that SUGCT contributes to the production of glutaryl-CoA under conditions of low and pathologically high glutaric acid levels. Our work also highlights the notion that unexpected biochemical phenotypes can occur in widely used inbred animal lines.Take home messageGlutaric aciduria type 3 is a naturally occurring trait in mice of the 129 substrains
“I voice out because I care”: the effect of online social networking on employees' likelihood to voice and retention
Authors: Mohammad Jihad , Quoquab Farzana , Sulaiman Ahmad Nuruddin , Abdul Salam Zarina 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThis study aims to examine the mediating role of “employees’ likelihood to voice (ELTV)” in the relationship between “online social networking (OSN)” and “employee retention (ER)” and to predict the effect of OSN on ELTV and ER.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study using the survey method was employed to collect data from 251 administrative staff of the healthcare industry. The partial least squares (PLS) technique, using SmartPLS3 software, was employed to test the study hypotheses.FindingsThe results of this study supported the direct effect of OSN on ELTV and ER. Moreover, the mediating effect of ELTV was also supported by the data.Originality/valueThis study provides new knowledge about the direct and indirect effects of OSN on ELTV and ER.
Conceptualizing a win–win scenario in public–private partnerships: evidence from a systematic literature review
Authors: Eshun Bridget Tawiah Badu , Chan Albert P.C. , Osei-Kyei Robert 
Published: November 2020

PurposeAchieving the win–win goal in public–private partnership (PPP) has gained much research interest in recent times. These studies have addressed the achievement of win–win from various perspectives. An integration of the constructs from these various perspectives improves approach to attaining win–win throughout the entire project delivery. This study, therefore, becomes the first systematic review to analyse PPP studies towards identifying win–win constructs and then integrates findings into a conceptual model.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted a four-staged systematic review method. This includes concept development, papers retrieval, selection of relevant papers and qualitative analysis. Thematic analysis was used at the qualitative analysis stage for the identification and categorization of constructs and finally, systems thinking was adopted in integrating the findings into a conceptual modeFindingsThe achievement of win–win between government and private investors is of much desire hence a more conscious approach towards it is ideal. A total of 40 constructs were identified and were later categorised into six components. Some constructs identified include optimal assessment and fair allocation of project risks, reasonable concessions period, flexible contracting, equal and active participation and co-ordination of public and private actors and strategic negotiation.Originality/valueThis paper provides an improved definition of win–win scenario in PPP infrastructure project delivery. Furthermore, the novel approach of integrating win–win constructs into a systemic conceptual model is very relevant to PPP body of knowledge and practice. The study concludes with plausible research directions to further improve the achievement of win–win in PPP.
Education and economic growth in South Africa: an empirical investigation
Authors: Odhiambo Nicholas M. 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThis paper examines the dynamic causal relationship between education and economic growth in South Africa using annual time-series data from 1986 to 2017. The study attempts to answer one critical question: Does education, which is one of the priority sectors in South Africa, drive economic growth?Design/methodology/approachThe study uses the ARDL bounds testing approach and ECM-based Granger causality model to examine this linkage. The study also uses three proxies to measure the level of education. In addition, the study uses two variables: investment and labour, as intermittent variables between the various proxies of education and economic growth, thereby creating a system of multivariate Granger-causality models.FindingsThe study finds that the causal relationship between education and economic growth in South Africa is dependent on the variable used to measure the level of education. In addition, the causality tends to change over time. Overall, the study finds the causal flow from economic growth to education to supersede the causal flow from education to economic growth.Originality/valueUnlike some previous studies, the current study uses three proxies of education in South Africa and two intermittent variables in a multivariate setting. To our knowledge, this may be the first study of its kind to examine in detail the dynamic causal relationship between education and economic growth in South Africa – using the ARDL bounds testing approach and a multivariate Granger causality model.
Determinants of capital structure for firms in an Islamic equity index: comparing developed and developing countries
Authors: Kahya Evrim Hilal , Ersen Hüseyin Yiğit , Ekinci Cumhur , Taş Oktay , Simsek Koray D. 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe paper aims to identify the differences between developed and developing country firms with respect to firm-specific and country-level determinants of their capital structure. For this purpose, all constituent firms in one of the oldest Islamic equity indices, Dow Jones Islamic Market World Index (DJIM), are considered and the Muslim-majority status of each firm's domicile country is recognized.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs Hausman–Taylor random effects regression with endogenous covariates to explain the debt ratios of firms in DJIM by separating them into developed and developing country subsamples in an unbalanced panel data setting. Developing country subsample is further split into two based on the Muslim-majority status of each firm's domicile country.FindingsConsistent with the previous literature, this study finds that firm-specific characteristics are the main determinants of their capital structure. Additionally, the paper shows that country-level characteristics have an impact on the debt ratio, however, the types of factors vary across developed and developing countries. Debt ratios in developing country firms are lower than those in developed country firms, largely due to the significantly smaller leverage ratios of firms in Muslim-majority countries. Although the debt ratios of DJIM firms are higher in “non-Muslim” countries, the set of firm-level capital structure determinants are not statistically explained by operating in a “Muslim” country. The study also documents that, before the global financial crisis of 2008, companies in developing countries have gradually become less leveraged worldwide.Originality/valueThis paper provides a new perspective into the differences between developed and developing country firms' capital structures by focusing on a relatively homogeneous data set restricted by leverage screening rules of an Islamic equity index and recognizing the Muslim-majority status of each firm's domicile country.
The influence of zero-fare tours on the host–guest understanding
Authors: Yan Libo , Cheng Man Tat 
Published: November 2020

PurposeThe aim of this study is to explore the host–guest relationship at a macro level, investigating the sociopsychological relationship between a destination and its markets.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted netnography to fulfill the research purpose. Data were collected from Sina Microblog, the predominant social media platform in China, focused on bloggers responses to a fatal conflict between a tour participant and the guide during a shopping tour.FindingsBloggers' attributional discussions help to understand the nature of the host–guest relations. Responses from Chinese and Hong Kong bloggers showcased criticism toward the other community and criticism of one's own community. These were reflected in three themes: concerns with the place of conflict or the identities of the perpetrators, hospitableness or discrimination and the Chinese and Hong Kong cultures.Research limitations/implicationsThe major limitation is that the subject of this study (young bloggers) does not represent a complete cross section of the residents of China and Hong Kong. This study suggests a need for a broader theoretical perspective of the host–guest encounter. The study results have practical implications for destinations receiving Chinese group package tours.Practical implicationsThe study results have practical implications for destinations receiving Chinese group package tours.Originality/valueOn-site interaction has been the focus of previous studies of the host–guest relationship, and off-site interactions were seldom explored. This study bridges the gap and extends the discourse on the host–guest relationship to a wider temporal (by taking a post event view) and spatial (by assessing the issue off-site) scale.
Effect of frontline employee's hope and consumer failure during consumer-created emergencies
Authors: Ranjan Kumar Rakesh , Dash Rupanwita , Sugathan Praveen , Mao Wen 
Published: November 2020

PurposeIn important interpersonal service interactions with a frontline employee (FLE), consumers at times fail to carry out their share of responsibility in the execution of the service, resulting in a situation of “consumer created emergency”. This might defeat the consumer's goal of availing the service (termed as consumer failure). This study explains the role of employee's hope in managing consumer failure in the situation of consumer created emergencies.Design/methodology/approachHypotheses were tested in three experiments that simulated service emergency across a general printing service situation and a travel service situation.FindingsThe study shows that: (1) FLE hope has a positive effect on consumer satisfaction, and is mediated by the consumer's assumed effort by the FLE; (2) the effect of FLE hope on consumer satisfaction changes with changing levels of consumer hopefulness about the service outcome; (3) despite situation of consumer created emergency, consumer failure results in low consumer satisfaction due to attribution error and (4) external attribution by the FLE could not significantly rectify consumer's attribution error and hence could not alleviate consumer dissatisfaction.Research limitations/implicationsThe study suggests relevance and pathways of managing emotions and attributions of consumers and FLEs for superior performance outcomes.Originality/valueThe study theorizes and tests the role of hope, which is an important positive emotion during emergencies because frontline service settings have heretofore predominantly focused on managing negative traits and outcomes.
Commentary on a “unified approach to behaviours that challenge”: a social care provider perspective
Authors: Ockenden John 
Published: November 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to consider the extent to which academic research, as described by the papers in this journal, has helped the large-scale use of positive behaviour support (PBS) with people with learning disabilities whose behaviour may be challenging.

Design/methodology/approach
The author explores the issue from the perspective of a social care provider seeking to implement PBS successfully across the organisation’s services.

Findings
The author concludes that research needs to refocus its efforts if it is to make a real contribution and argues that future emphasis should be on implementation.

Originality/value
This commentary articulates the concerns and experiences of a service provider that has striven to implement effective, evidence-based support, informed by relevant research, for many years. Such a perspective is rarely heard in academic PBS research literature.
The soil seed bank can buffer long‐term compositional changes in annual plant communities
Authors: DeMalach Niv , Kigel Jaime , Sternberg Marcelo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractEcological theory predicts that the soil seed bank stabilizes the composition of annual plant communities in the face of environmental variability. However, long‐term data on the community dynamics in the seed bank and the standing vegetation are needed to test this prediction.We tested the hypothesis that the composition of the seed bank undergoes lower temporal variability than the standing vegetation in a 9‐year study in Mediterranean, semi‐arid and arid ecosystems. The composition of the seed bank was estimated by collecting soil cores from the studied sites on an annual basis. Seedling emergence under optimal watering conditions was measured in each soil core for three consecutive years, to account for seed dormancy.In all sites, the composition of the seed bank differed from the vegetation throughout the years. Small‐seeded and dormant‐seeded species had a higher frequency in the seed bank than in the standing vegetation. In contrast, functional group membership (grasses vs. forbs) did not explain differences in species frequency between the seed bank and the vegetation after controlling for differences between grasses and forbs in seed mass and seed dormancy.Contrary to predictions, the magnitude of year‐to‐year variability (the mean compositional dissimilarity between consecutive years) was not lower in the seed bank than in the vegetation in all sites. However, long‐term compositional trends in the seed bank were weaker than in the vegetation in the Mediterranean and semi‐arid sites. In the arid site where year‐to‐year variability was highest, no long‐term trends were observed.Synthesis. The effect of the seed bank on the temporal variability of the vegetation in annual communities depends on site conditions and time‐scale. While the year‐to‐year variability of the seed bank is similar to the vegetation, the soil seed bank can buffer long‐term trends.
The Sedimentary Evolution During Late Triassic‐Jurassic Period and the Hydrocarbon Exploration Direction in the Eastern Part of the Qiangtang Basin, Tibet
Authors: LIU Ruohan , HE Bizhu , ZHENG Menglin , LUO Xiaoping , PENG Yang , YUN Xiaorui , CHEN Weiwei , YU Zhuoying 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBased on the field outcrops surveyed, combined with recent published the regional tectonic evolution and geochronology data, we analyzed the lithologies and rock associations of strata, identified the sedimentary facies types, and discussed the distribution sedimentary facies and the hydrocarbon accumulation in the eastern Qiangtang basin during the Late Triassic – Jurassic. Marked by regional unconformities, there are two tectono‐stratigraphic units (from the Carnian to the Norian and from the Rhaetian to the Kimmeridgian, respectively) in the eastern part of Qiangtang basin. We systematically described the distribution range, thickness variation and lithological characteristics of different formations in the tectono‐stratigraphic units. The Late Triassic‐Jurassic is dominated by marine facies and marine ‐ continental transitional facies. The marine ‐ continental transitional facies include deltaic and tidal‐lagoon facies. Marine facies including gentle carbonate slope, evaporative platform, restricted platform, littoral, neritic, bathyal and abysmal facies. The Carnian stage is dominated by littoral–neritic–bathyal–abysmal facies in the north Qiangtang depression otherwise the littoral–neritic facies in the south Qiangtang depression. The early Norian stage is dominated by carbonate gentle slope‐mixed continental shelf facies. The late Norian, Bajocian, Callovian and Kimmeridgian stage are dominated by tidal flat‐delta facies in the north Qiangtang depression and littoral‐neritic facies in the south Qiangtang depression. The Bathonian and Oxfordian stage are dominated by evaporative platform‐ restricted platform‐ mixed continental shelf facies. The sedimentary facies formed zones from north to south and extended in an E–W direction. The Eastern Lower Uplift (ELU) played an important role in the division zones of sedimentary facies from north to south. During the Bathonian and Oxfordian, the ELU developed below the sea level and controlled the distribution of restricted platform, evaporative platform and platform margin. We analyzed 20 source rock samples from the upper Triassic‐Jurassic. The total organic carbon (TOC) value from Qoimaco, Buqu and Adula Formations. of late Triassic‐Jurassic in the eastern Qiangtang basin are ranges from 0.17∼0.33% (average 0.28%), 0.05∼0.25% (average 0.15%) and 10.32∼28.78% (average 19.33%), respectively. Obviously, the Adula Fm. developed good source rocks. The values of Tmax and S1+S2 in the Adula formation are 459–461°C (average 460°C) and 6.75‐28.55 mg/g (average 18.18mg/g), indicating that the Adula source rock has reached high‐over‐maturity stage. The bathyal, gentle slop and platform facie belts of the Upper Triassic can configurate the good hydrocarbon prospects in the northeastern area of the Qiangtang basin.
Neoproterozoic Trench‐arc System in the Western Segment of Jiangnan Orogenic Belt, South China
Authors: SHU Liangshu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe Jiangnan orogenic belt is a key to understanding of the Neoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the South China Block. We investigate the mafic‐ultramafic suites of lherzolite, pyroxenite, gabbro, pillow basalt and gabbroic diorite as well as red jasper interbedded with marine marbles that are mainly exposed as fault‐trapped blocks in the Yuanbaoshan and Longsheng domains of the western Jiangnan belt. The post‐collisional granite plutons that intruded the ultramafic‐mafic rocks are developed well. Zircons in the gabbro yield crystallization ages of 867±10 Ma, 863±8 Ma, 869±9 Ma and 855±5 Ma whereas those from the granites show ages of 823±5 Ma, 831±5 Ma, 824±5 Ma and 833±6 Ma. The Neoproterozoic serpentinited ultramafic samples display minor REE enriched pattern with depletion of Rb, Ba, Nb, Ta and Ti, similar to those of SSZ type ophiolite. The coeval gabbro shows tholeiitic features and is characterized by negative Ba, Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf and Sr anomalies and LREE enriched patterns, with a minor negative Eu anomaly. Some zircon grains from the Longshen gabbro yield Neoarchean‐Paleoproterozoic ages (2859–2262 Ma), suggesting its continental arc setting. Geochemical signature of the mafic‐ultramafic rocks is consistent with subduction related setting. The pyroxene‐bearing diorite exhibits a distinctive arc affinity. The zircons from the gabbro show positive ∊Hf(t) values ranging from 3.9 to 13.8. The granitoids are typical S–type granites with high ACNK values (1.15–1.40) and negative ∊Hf(t) values (−15.1 to −3.2), and are classified as collision–related granites. Combined with the occurrences of mafic‐ultramafic rocks, siliceous marble and red jasper mixed with basalt, our new results suggest the presence of a Tonian (863–869 Ma) SSZ ophiolite system and continental arc‐type magmatism in the western Jiangnan orogen.
On the core of auctions with externalities: stability and fairness
Authors: Jeong Seungwon (Eugene) 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn auctions with externalities, it is well‐known that the core can be empty, which is undesirable both in terms of stability and “fairness.” Nevertheless, some auction outcome must be chosen. We separate deviations into two types: deviations by paying more and deviations by refusing to pay. In high‐stakes auctions where bidders also care about their reputation, the latter are unlikely to occur, or else can be prevented by legal interventions. In contrast, the former is more undesirable in the sense that the seller and the bidders experience justified envy. We show that the core is nonempty if bidders cannot refuse to pay.