bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Trends in Youth Concussions: A Brief Report
Authors: Askow Andrew T. , Erickson Jacob L. , Jagim Andrew R. 
Published: December 2020

Objectives Concussions and mild traumatic brain injuries are important medical issues, particularly among youth as the long-term health consequences of these injuries can become increasingly problematic. The purpose of this study was to examine recent trends in diagnosed concussions among pediatric patients in a large health care system. Methods This was a retrospective, population-based epidemiology study design that queried all patient files (pediatrics included) using electronic medical health records and further stratified patients based on type of concussion, age, sex, and year from 2013 to 2018. Results Electronic health records from a cohort of 8 832 419 (nmales = 4 246 492; nfemales = 4 585 931) patient visits were assessed for concussion diagnosis and filtered for those whose concussive event led to a loss of consciousness (LOC) or not (nLOC). Of these patients, 12 068 were diagnosed with a concussion (LOC = 3 699; nLOC = 8 369) with an overall incidence rate of 1.37 concussions per 1000 patients. Overall, the number of patients diagnosed with a concussion increased by 5063 (LOC = 1351; nLOC = 3712) from 2013 to 2018. Males and females presented with similar rates of concussions 5919 (49.05%) and 6149 concussions (50.95%), respectively. Of total diagnosed concussions, 4972 (LOC = 815; nLOC = 4157) were under the age of 18 and represented 41.2% of all diagnosed concussions with an incidence rate of 6.79 per 1000 patients. Conclusion The number of concussions diagnosed appear to be on the rise with the largest number of concussions being diagnosed in those under the age of 18. Future studies should seek to determine primary causality and the long-term health implications of concussions with or without LOC.
An Investigation of the Relationship Among Medical Center’s Image, Service Quality, and Patient Loyalty
Authors: Phonthanukitithaworn Chanchai , Naruetharadhol Phaninee , Gebsombut Nathatenee , Chanavirut Raoyrin , Onsa-ard Wanwipada , Joomwanta Pawanrut , Chanyuan Zou , Ketkaew Chavis 
Published: December 2020

This research aimed to study significant relationships among factors influencing customer satisfaction and loyalty in the health care service industry. In order to test the conceptual framework, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the data from 252 respondents (outpatients) at four public and private hospitals in Khon Kaen City, Thailand. This empirical research determined how the health care service image, service quality, and behavioral intentions were interrelated using a scale adapted from Taiwan Customer Satisfaction and American Customer Satisfaction Indices, as the perceived quality variable was designated as a second-order construct. The findings showed that the significant factor impacting customer loyalty is customer satisfaction. Corporate image significantly enhanced both customer expectations (CEs) and perceived service quality. The researchers also observed that perceived service quality was positively related to tangibility, instrumental, and emotional supports in addition to customer satisfaction. In conclusion, this article proposed a thoughtful research scenario for management and corporate/public policymakers at the national level in Thailand. It was observed that a good image could directly enhance perceived service quality for businesses in the health service sector. Short Abstract We aimed to explore the relationship between image, service quality, and patient loyalty in the health service sector. A multivariate analysis (structural equation modeling) was employed to analyze the data from 252 outpatients in Khon Kaen City, Thailand. The conventional service quality model suggests that corporate image influences customer expectation, and then affects perceived service quality, then customer satisfaction, and finally, loyalty. However, this article found that, in the health service sector, a corporate image may directly influence perceived service quality without the customer expectation variable as a mediator.
Experiences of older primary care patients with multimorbidity and their caregivers in navigating the healthcare system: A qualitative study protocol
Authors: Lee Eng Sing , Muthulingam Gayathri , Chew Evelyn Ai Ling , Lee Poay Sian Sabrina , Koh Hui Li , Quak Stephanie Xin En , Ding Yew Yoong , Subramaniam Mythily , Vaingankar Janhavi Ajit 
Published: December 2020

Background: Patients with multimorbidity must bear not just the burden of their illness, but also the burden of treatment which is, in part, induced by their interactions with the healthcare system. The need to shuttle between different healthcare institutions and multiple healthcare providers can make navigating the healthcare system challenging, and this may be even more so for older patients with limited resources and support. Objectives: Few qualitative studies have explored the experiences of patients with multimorbidity in navigating the healthcare system. This study will explore the experiences of older patients with multimorbidity and their caregivers as they navigate through the healthcare system. We aim to arrive at a better understanding of patient experiences of possible gaps in the continuity of care and how the current system can be modified and adapted to better address the needs of older patients with multimorbidity. Method: Semi-structured, in-depth interviews will be conducted with purposively sampled older patients with multimorbidity, aged 60 and above seen in primary care, together with their caregivers. Interviews will be transcribed verbatim and analysed by the study team using inductive thematic analysis. Conclusions: Our study seeks to explore the navigational experiences within the healthcare system for older patients with multimorbidity in an Asian, multi-ethnic society. The findings will be shared with decision-makers in the healthcare setting in order to improve patient care for this population and ultimately maximise their positive health outcomes, and will add to better understanding how the burden of treatment arising from navigational challenges within the healthcare system may be reduced for older patients with multimorbidity.
Low-Level Viremia Predicts Virological Failure in HIV-Infected Omani Patients Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Gaifer Zied , Boulassel Mohamed-Rachid 
Published: December 2020

Background: The implication and clinical significance of low-level viremia (LLV) in HIV patients are still not clear. This study aimed to characterize the clinical outcomes and to evaluate whether LLV could predict future virological failure in a well-defined cohort of HIV-infected Omani patients attending a large HIV clinic. Methods: Patients on regular antiretroviral therapy (ART) for at least 12 months, and had at least 2 HIV RNA measurements 1 year after starting ART, were prospectively enrolled in a cohort study. LLV was defined as plasma HIV RNA between 50-200 copies/mL that persists after at least 2 consecutive measurements after 12 months of ART. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to measure the association among virological failure, LLV and potential predictors. Results: After 12 months of starting ART, 60 patients (40%) had undetectable viral load (UVL) < 50 copies/mL, while 37 patients (24%) had LLV and 53 patients (35%) had primary virological failure > 200 copies/mL. The incidence rates of subsequent secondary virological failure for UVL and LLV groups, were 3 and 7 cases per 1000 patient-months, respectively. Compared to UVL group, LLV group had increased risk of subsequent secondary virological failure with hazard ratio of (4.437 [95% CI, 1.26-15.55]; p = 0.02). Age, duration of HIV infection, pretreatment HIV RNA level, pretreatment CD4+ cell count, and ART adherent were associated with subsequent secondary virological failure. Conclusion: Collectively, Omani HIV patients with LLV were at a higher risk for HIV virological failure, and should be monitored closely. Further studies are need to assess whether ART modification in LLV patients would lower the risk of virological failure.
The Effects of Headgear in High School Girls’ Lacrosse
Authors: Caswell Shane V. , Kelshaw Patricia M. , Lincoln Andrew E. , Herman Daniel C. , Hepburn Lisa H. , Vincent Heather K. , Dunn Reginald E. , Cortes Nelson 
Published: December 2020

Background: Girls’ lacrosse headgear that met the ASTM International performance standard (ASTM F3137) became available in 2017. However, the effects of headgear use on impact forces during game play are unknown. Purpose: To evaluate potential differences in rates, magnitudes, and game-play characteristics associated with verified impacts among players with and without headgear during competition. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 49 female high school participants (mean age, 16.2 ± 1.2 years; mean height, 1.66 ± 0.05 m; mean weight, 61.2 ± 6.4 kg) volunteered for this study, which took place during the 2016 (no headgear; 18 games) and 2017 (headgear; 15 games) seasons. Wearable sensors synchronized with video verification were used. Descriptive statistics, impact rates, and chi-square analyses described impacts and game-play characteristics among players with and without headgear. Differences in mean peak linear acceleration (PLA) and peak rotational velocity (PRV) between the no headgear and headgear conditions were evaluated using a linear generalized estimating equation regression model to control for repeated within-player measurements. Results: Overall, 649 sensor-instrumented player-games were recorded. A total of 204 impacts ≥20 g recorded by the wearable sensors were verified with video analysis (102 no headgear; 102 headgear). Most impacts were imparted to the player’s body (n = 152; 74.5%) rather than to the player’s head (n = 52; 25.5%). Impact rates per player-game did not vary between the no headgear and headgear conditions (0.30 vs 0.34, respectively; impact rate ratio, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.37-2.08]). There was no association between impact frequency by mechanism or penalties administered between the no headgear and headgear conditions for overall or direct head impacts. The generalized estimating equation model estimated a significant reduction in mean impact magnitudes overall (PLA: –7.9 g [95% CI, –13.3 to –2.5]; PRV: –212 deg/s [95% CI, –359 to –64]) with headgear relative to no headgear. No game-related concussions were reported during this study. Conclusion: Lacrosse headgear use was associated with a reduction in the magnitude of overall impacts but not a significant change in the rate of impacts, how they occur, or how penalties were administered for impacts sustained during competition. Further research is needed with a larger sample and different levels of play to evaluate the consequences of headgear use in girls’ lacrosse.
Transition from Childcare Institutions to Adulthood for Youth: Through the Lens of Identity and Gender
Authors: Sharma Garima 
Published: December 2020

This article explores the transition of youth from childcare institutions into young adults through the lens of youth identity and gender. The research revolves around rethinking the delicate boundaries of adolescence and adulthood for the ‘institutionalised’ youth that is already on the edge of the society. This research tries to understand and decode the experiences of youth, who have lived in the childcare institutions. The childcare institutions reinforce the gender roles through its practices and structure, enabling gaps and challenges for both male and female youth outside the childcare institutions. There is an absence of a strong mechanism, enabling the smooth transition of youth from childcare institutions to adulthood. This results in unprepared young adults for an unplanned transition, fostering several challenges on them as they exit the childcare system. This is a qualitative study. The research includes both male and female youth who have lived in childcare institutions situated in Delhi. The data was collected using semi-structured interviews with the youth. This study finds that youth leaving childcare institutions are at higher risks of having negative adult outcomes in life. While there is an absolute absence of any body or mechanism to help the youth transit smoothly, childcare institutions reinforce the inferiority and exclusion on a child during the stay period, creating a foundation for youth to perceive the social factor outside the institutions.
LongGF: computational algorithm and software tool for fast and accurate detection of gene fusions by long-read transcriptome sequencing
Authors: Liu Qian , Hu Yu , Stucky Andres , Fang Li , Zhong Jiang F. , Wang Kai 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundLong-read RNA-Seq techniques can generate reads that encompass a large proportion or the entire mRNA/cDNA molecules, so they are expected to address inherited limitations of short-read RNA-Seq techniques that typically generate < 150 bp reads. However, there is a general lack of software tools for gene fusion detection from long-read RNA-seq data, which takes into account the high basecalling error rates and the presence of alignment errors.ResultsIn this study, we developed a fast computational tool, LongGF, to efficiently detect candidate gene fusions from long-read RNA-seq data, including cDNA sequencing data and direct mRNA sequencing data. We evaluated LongGF on tens of simulated long-read RNA-seq datasets, and demonstrated its superior performance in gene fusion detection. We also tested LongGF on a Nanopore direct mRNA sequencing dataset and a PacBio sequencing dataset generated on a mixture of 10 cancer cell lines, and found that LongGF achieved better performance to detect known gene fusions over existing computational tools. Furthermore, we tested LongGF on a Nanopore cDNA sequencing dataset on acute myeloid leukemia, and pinpointed the exact location of a translocation (previously known in cytogenetic resolution) in base resolution, which was further validated by Sanger sequencing.ConclusionsIn summary, LongGF will greatly facilitate the discovery of candidate gene fusion events from long-read RNA-Seq data, especially in cancer samples. LongGF is implemented in C++ and is available athttps://github.com/WGLab/LongGF.
Template-based prediction of protein structure with deep learning
Authors: Zhang Haicang , Shen Yufeng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Accurate prediction of protein structure is fundamentally important to understand biological function of proteins. Template-based modeling, including protein threading and homology modeling, is a popular method for protein tertiary structure prediction. However, accurate template-query alignment and template selection are still very challenging, especially for the proteins with only distant homologs available.

Results
We propose a new template-based modelling method called ThreaderAI to improve protein tertiary structure prediction. ThreaderAI formulates the task of aligning query sequence with template as the classical pixel classification problem in computer vision and naturally applies deep residual neural network in prediction. ThreaderAI first employs deep learning to predict residue-residue aligning probability matrix by integrating sequence profile, predicted sequential structural features, and predicted residue-residue contacts, and then builds template-query alignment by applying a dynamic programming algorithm on the probability matrix. We evaluated our methods both in generating accurate template-query alignment and protein threading. Experimental results show that ThreaderAI outperforms currently popular template-based modelling methods HHpred, CNFpred, and the latest contact-assisted method CEthreader, especially on the proteins that do not have close homologs with known structures. In particular, in terms of alignment accuracy measured with TM-score, ThreaderAI outperforms HHpred, CNFpred, and CEthreader by 56, 13, and 11%, respectively, on template-query pairs at the similarity of fold level from SCOPe data. And on CASP13’s TBM-hard data, ThreaderAI outperforms HHpred, CNFpred, and CEthreader by 16, 9 and 8% in terms of TM-score, respectively.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate that with the help of deep learning, ThreaderAI can significantly improve the accuracy of template-based structure prediction, especially for distant-homology proteins.
Seewis hantavirus in common shrew (Sorex araneus) in Sweden
Authors: Lwande Olivia Wesula , Mohamed Nahla , Bucht Göran , Ahlm Clas , Olsson Gert , Evander Magnus 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background
Rodent borne hantaviruses are emerging viruses infecting humans through inhalation. They cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hemorrhagic cardiopulmonary syndrome. Recently, hantaviruses have been detected in other small mammals such as Soricomorpha (shrews, moles) and Chiroptera (bats), suggested as reservoirs for potential pandemic viruses and to play a role in the evolution of hantaviruses. It is important to study the global virome in different reservoirs, therefore our aim was to investigate whether shrews in Sweden carried any hantaviruses. Moreover, to accurately determine the host species, we developed a molecular method for identification of shrews.

Method
Shrews (n = 198), caught during 1998 in Sweden, were screened with a pan-hantavirus PCR using primers from a conserved region of the large genome segment. In addition to morphological typing of shrews, we developed a molecular based typing method using sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome B (CytB) genes. PCR amplified hantavirus and shrew fragments were sequenced and phylogenetically analysed.

Results
Hantavirus RNA was detected in three shrews. Sequencing identified the virus as Seewis hantavirus (SWSV), most closely related to previous isolates from Finland and Russia. All three SWSV sequences were retrieved from common shrews (Sorex araneus) sampled in Västerbotten County, Sweden. The genetic assay for shrew identification was able to identify native Swedish shrew species, and the genetic typing of the Swedish common shrews revealed that they were most similar to common shrews from Russia.

Conclusion
We detected SWSV RNA in Swedish common shrew samples and developed a genetic assay for shrew identification based on the COI and CytB genes. This was the first report of presence of hantavirus in Swedish shrews.
Explore a novel function of human condensins in cellular senescence
Authors: Wang Hongzhen , Liu Xin , Li Guiying 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThere are two kinds of condensins in human cells, known as condensin I and condensin II. The canonical roles of condensins are participated in chromosome dynamics, including chromosome condensation and segregation during cell division. Recently, a novel function of human condensins has been found with increasing evidences that they play important roles in cellular senescence. This paper reviewed the research progress of human condensins involved in different types of cellular senescence, mainly oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) and replicative senescence (RS). The future perspectives of human condensins involved in cellular senescence are also discussed.
Augmented Reduced-Intensity Regimen Does Not Improve Postallogeneic Transplant Outcomes in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Craddock Charles , Jackson Aimee , Loke Justin , Siddique Shamyla , Hodgkinson Andrea , Mason John , Andrew Georgia , Nagra Sandeep , Malladi Ram , Peniket Andrew , Gilleece Maria , Salim Rahuman , Tholouli Eleni , Potter Victoria , Crawley Charles , Wheatley Keith , Protheroe Rachel , Vyas Paresh , Hunter Ann , Parker Anne , Wilson Keith , Pavlu Jiri , Byrne Jenny , Dillon Richard , Khan Naeem , McCarthy Nicholas , Freeman Sylvie D. 
Published: December 2020

PURPOSE Reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimens have extended the curative potential of allogeneic stem-cell transplantation to older adults with high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplasia (MDS) but are associated with a high risk of disease relapse. Strategies to reduce recurrence are urgently required. Registry data have demonstrated improved outcomes using a sequential transplant regimen, fludarabine/amsacrine/cytarabine-busulphan (FLAMSA-Bu), but the impact of this intensified conditioning regimen has not been studied in randomized trials. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two hundred forty-four patients (median age, 59 years) with high-risk AML (n = 164) or MDS (n = 80) were randomly assigned 1:1 to a fludarabine-based RIC regimen or FLAMSA-Bu. Pretransplant measurable residual disease (MRD) was monitored by flow cytometry (MFC-MRD) and correlated with outcome. RESULTS There was no difference in 2-year overall survival (hazard ratio 1.05 [85% CI, 0.80 to 1.38] P = .81) or cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) (hazard ratio 0.94 [95%CI, 0.60 to 1.46] P = .81) between the control and FLAMSA-Bu arms. Detectable pretransplant MFC-MRD was associated with an increased CIR (2-year CIR 41.0% v 20.0%, P = .01) in the overall trial cohort with a comparable prognostic impact when measured by an unsupervised analysis approach. There was no evidence of interaction between MRD status and conditioning regimen intensity for relapse or survival. Acquisition of full donor T-cell chimerism at 3 months abrogated the adverse impact of pretransplant MRD on CIR and overall survival. CONCLUSION The intensified RIC conditioning regimen, FLAMSA-Bu, did not improve outcomes in adults transplanted for high-risk AML or MDS regardless of pretransplant MRD status. Our data instead support the exploration of interventions with the ability to accelerate acquisition of full donor T-cell chimerism as a tractable strategy to improve outcomes in patients allografted for AML.
Comparative Evaluation of Pellet Cushioning Agents by Various Imaging Techniques and Dissolution Studies
Authors: Sántha Konrád , Kállai-Szabó Nikolett , Fülöp Viktor , Jakab Géza , Gordon Péter , Kállai-Szabó Barnabás , Balogh Emese , Antal István 
Published: December 2020

AbstractMost of the commercially available pharmaceutical products for oral administration route are marketed in the tablet dosage forms. However, compression of multiparticulate systems is a challenge for the pharmaceutical research and industry, especially if the individual unit is a coated particle, as the release of the active ingredient depends on the integrity of the coating. In the present study, polymer-coated pellets tableted with different types of excipients (powder, granules, pellets) then were investigated by various tablet-destructive (microscopic) and tablet non-destructive (microfocus X-ray; microCT) imaging methods. The information obtained from the independent evaluation of the in vitro drug release profiles model is confirmed by the results obtained by image analysis, regardless of whether X-ray or stereomicroscopic images of the coated, tableted pellets were used for image analysis. The results of this study show that the novel easy-to-use, fast, and non-destructive MFX method is a good alternative to the already used microscopic image analysis methods regarding the characterization of particulates, compressed into tablets.