bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra‐high‐speed non‐unit non‐differential protection scheme for buses of MMC‐HVDC grids
Authors: Farshad Mohammad 
Published: March 2020

Half‐bridge modular multilevel converter‐based high‐voltage direct‐current (MMC‐HVDC) grids are technically and economically viable solutions to transmit bulk electrical energy generated from geographically dispersed and remote renewable resources. However, due to the half‐bridge converter's inability to control fault currents, these grids need specialised protection schemes to increase reliability and equipment safety. This study proposes a non‐unit non‐differential protection scheme founded on a comparative orientation measure of fault components for buses of half‐bridge MMC‐HVDC grids. Considering the selected protection strategy, the protection zone of this scheme can also cover a part of the converter station's ac side; in which severe short‐circuit faults should be quickly detected and isolated as well since they may cause the entire grid outage. This scheme can be used as the main protection or a backup of the conventional differential current protection, and subsequently, increase the protection system dependability by increasing the functional diversity. The test results disclose that the proposed scheme has superior sensitivity to identify single‐pole and double‐pole faults with resistances up to 1500 and 2000 Ω, respectively, at the protected dc bus with the maximum delay of 1 ms, while it is robust against all ac and dc faults outside the designated protection zone.
An imaging line survey of OMC-1 to OMC-3
Authors: Brinkmann N. , Wyrowski F. , Kauffmann J. , Colombo D. , Menten K. M. , Tang X. D. , Güsten R. 
Published: March 2020

Context. Recently, sensitive wide-bandwidth receivers in the millimetre regime have enabled us to combine large spatial and spectral coverage for observations of molecular clouds. The resulting capability to map the distributions of lines from many molecules simultaneously yields unbiased coverage of the various environments within star-forming regions.
Aims. Our aim is to identify the dominant molecular cooling lines and characteristic emission features in the 1.3 mm window of distinct regions in the northern part of the Orion A molecular cloud. By defining and analysing template regions, we also intend to help with the interpretation of observations from more distant sources which cannot be easily spatially resolved.
Methods. We analyse an imaging line survey covering the area of OMC-1 to OMC-3 from 200.2 to 281.8 GHz obtained with the PI230 receiver at the APEX telescope. Masks are used to define regions with distinct properties (e.g. column density or temperature ranges) from which we obtain averaged spectra. Lines of 29 molecular species (55 isotopologues) are fitted for each region to obtain the respective total intensity.
Results. We find that strong sources like Orion KL have a clear impact on the emission on larger scales. Although not spatially extended, their line emission contributes substantially to spectra averaged over large regions. Conversely, the emission signatures of dense, cold regions like OMC-2 and OMC-3 (e.g. enhanced N2H+ emission and low HCN/HNC ratio) seem to be difficult to pick up on larger scales, where they are eclipsed by signatures of stronger sources. In all regions, HCO+ appears to contribute between 3 and 6% to the total intensity, the most stable value for all bright species. N2H+ shows the strongest correlation with column density, but not with typical high-density tracers like HCN, HCO+, H2CO, or HNC. Common line ratios associated with UV illumination, CN/HNC and CN/HCO+, show ambiguous results on larger scales, suggesting that the identification of UV illuminated material may be more challenging. The HCN/HNC ratio may be related to temperature over varying scales.
Antibiotic Stewardship bei ambulant erworbener Pneumonie
Authors: Leo Fabian , Stegemann Miriam Songa , Maurer Florian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAntibiotic stewardship (ABS) denotes structured and continuous measures to improve the quality of prescribing anti-infectives. The aim is to achieve optimal treatment results and to minimize undesirable effects, especially the emergence of antibiotic resistance. This review summarizes the most important ABS principles based on recently published studies with implications for the management of community-acquired pneumonia. Local guidelines, education and training and “prospective audit and feedback” are established strategies to improve the management of patients with community-acquired pneumonia. However, the implementation of ABS programs requires trained personnel and may be impeded by limited structural and time resources. Hence, electronic health records and computer-based interventions are useful support for ABS programs and offer potential to facilitate ABS in inpatient and outpatient care. PCR-based rapid diagnostic tests, PCT-guided algorithms and penicillin allergy testing are suitable procedures to supplement ABS programs.
Custom-made Gold Implant for Management of Lagophthalmos: A Case Report
Authors: Tuna Suleyman Hakan , Gumus Hasan Onder , Hersek Nur 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTLagophthalmos is defined as the inability to close the eyelids completely. This situation may
lead to corneal problems such as epithelial defects, stromal thinning, exposure keratitis, bacterial
infection, perforation, and blindness. A patient with lagophthalmos underwent insertion of a custommade gold weight implant. After implantation, the patient was able to close her eye and expressed high cosmetic and aesthetic results. Fabrication of gold weight implant by the means of a rolling machine is an effective and easy way and should be considered in the management of lagophthalmos. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:294-298)
Nasal Prosthesis Rehabilitation after Partial Rhinectomy: A Clinical Report
Authors: Seçilmiş Aslı , Öztürk A. Nilgün 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTFacial defects resulting from neoplasms, congenital malformations, or trauma can be restorated with facial prostheses using different materials and retention methods to achieve a lifelike look and function. For the successful result, a lot of factors as harmony, texture, color matching, and blending of tissue interface of prosthesis is important. This clinical report describes treatment using a silicone prosthesis with a mechanical - retentined design for a patient who received a partial rhinectomy. Defects resulting from diseases as squamous cell carcinoma can be managed with the prosthetic rehabilitation so that the patient more comfortably and confidently resumed regular daily activity. Mechanical retention alone was sufficient to retain the prosthesis; thus, prosthetic adhesives were not necessary. (Eur J Dent 2007;2:115-118)
An Alternative Approach to Combine Orbital Prosthesis and Obturator: A Case Report
Authors: Soganci Gokce , Yalug Suat , Kocacikli Mustafa 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTThis report describes a different approach for diminishing the movements of orbital prosthesis during mimic movements and chewing function. Mechanical devices such as magnets are used to enhance the retention in case lack of the implants. However rigid fixation of obturator and orbital prosthesis can result in movements of the orbital prosthesis during mastication. In this case obturator and orbital prosthesis are combined by magnets. However this combination is not rigid because of an active part which provides movement. This active part allows movements in a space constructed in the acrylic base of orbital prosthesis. Thus, the movements that may occur on orbital prosthesis during chewing can be diminished by this simple mechanism. Due to the fact that designing such a mechanism that minimizes the movements of the orbital prosthesis contributes patient’s comfort. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:459-464)
Five Years of Practical Experience Using the Revised Proving Guidelines of the Homœopathic Pharmacopœia Convention of the United States
Authors: Hoover Todd A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe Homœopathic Pharmacopœia of the United States (HPUS) is one of the three officially recognized compendia of medical drugs in the United States. A well-conducted homeopathic proving is one pathway to entry into the HPUS. In 2013, guidelines for homeopathic drug provings were updated to better assess the methodology of provings and improve the confidence in the outcomes generated. In addition, the team who developed the revised guidelines included a pragmatic approach to assess the quality of proving outcomes in terms of their usefulness in determining the therapeutic profile. The monograph review team, composed of homeopathic clinicians and researchers, has evaluated 25 new homeopathic medicines for monograph purposes. The team has noted that the guidelines have helped frame and standardize the monograph review process. The revised structure for monograph reporting has enhanced the reviewer's ability to ascertain the therapeutic profile for a new substance. Sponsors have stated that the new guidelines have helped increase their conformance with Good Clinical Practices, helped improve the reporting and transparency of their provings, and may help safeguard provings as a valid research method. Similar harmonized guidelines have been adopted by the European Committee for Homeopathy and the Liga Medicorum Homœopathica Internationalis.
Management of Dorsal Graft and Implant Infections
Authors: Chen David S. , Wang Tom D. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractDeficiency of the nasal dorsum can result from several etiologies, most commonly congenital, traumatic, or iatrogenic. The use of dorsal grafts or implants for augmentation of the dorsum is a mainstay of both functional and cosmetic rhinoplasty. Due to the cosmetically sensitive nature of the dorsum, and the relatively large amount of graft or implant material that is typically used, infections in this area can be particularly difficulty to manage. Here, we review the current literature on dorsal graft and implant infections, along with options for management.
A Nationwide Analysis of Early and Late Readmissions following Free Tissue Transfer for Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Magno-Padron David Alejandro , Collier Willem , Kim Jaewhan , Agarwal Jayant P. , Kwok Alvin C. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Traditionally, surgical quality outcomes are assessed using a 30-day postoperative window. For breast cancer patients undergoing free tissue transfer for breast reconstruction, we sought to describe the distribution of and specific risk factors for early and late readmissions within a 0- to 90-day postoperative period.
Patients and Methods The Nationwide Readmissions Database was used to conduct a retrospective cohort study. Breast cancer patients undergoing free tissue transfer for breast reconstruction were identified using International Classification of Diseases -9 diagnosis and procedure codes. Ninety-day readmissions related to infection or wound complications were identified. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify patient risk factors for readmissions that occurred early (0–30 days) and late (31–90 days) after their index procedure.
Results In the weighted sample, we identified approximately 7,305 free flap breast reconstructions and a surgical wound-related readmission rate of 4.3% (n = 312): 65.4% of the readmissions occurred early while 34.6% occurred late after surgery. The mean days to readmission was 26, and 75% of all readmissions occurred within the first 36 days after surgery. Variables independently associated with readmissions during the 0- to 90-day postoperative period included: history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 0.036), hypertension (p = 0.03), obesity (p ≤ 0.001), and history of smoking (p = 0.004). The variables independently associated with the early readmission period were the same as those identified for the 0- to 90-day postoperative period. The variables independently associated with late readmissions were different: history of depression (p = 0.001) and history of smoking (p = 0.001).
Conclusion The conventional 30-day hospital readmission rate classically used as a quality metric is overlooking a significant portion of admissions after free flap-based breast reconstruction. Different variables were found to be associated with readmission in the early versus late cohorts. Interventions targeting these variables could decrease readmissions and their associated costs.
Aicardi–Goutières Syndrome Type 2: A Report on Two Cases with Different Phenotypes Caused by RNASEH2B Gene Mutations
Authors: Portale Anna , Mazzurco Marina , Portale Laura , Pavone Piero , Bertini Enrico , Polizzi Agata , Praticò Andrea D. , Ruggieri Martino 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAicardi–Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a rare disorder characterized by acquired microcephaly, cerebral calcifications, leukodystrophy, cerebral atrophy, chronic lymphocytosis, and increased interferon-α in cerebrospinal fluid. We report on two children affected by AGS type 2, caused by mutations in RNASEH2B. The first child had the mutation c.529G > A (p.A177T) and presented with an atypical and mild phenotype, with delayed psychomotor development, calcifications of the brain white matter and basal ganglia, and interferon signature positivity. The disease course was stable. The second child presented the mutation c.554T > G (p.V185G) and showed a later onset (15 months) and a more progressive clinical course with functional inability in the upper limbs, steppage gait, and irritability. Despite immunoglobulin therapy, she developed to progressive tetraparesis and severe hypotonia. This case report highlights that RNASEH2B mutation cannot fully predict the phenotype of AGS type 2 when a mutation c.529G > A occurs. Moreover, an earlier symptomatology may be not related to a more severe prognosis or to a partial or absent response to treatment.
Changes to Venous Flow Coupler Signal during DIEP Flap Inset Can Be Predictive of Poor Clinical Outcomes in Autologous Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Colakoglu Salih , Johnson Ariel , Anderson Jaclyn , Mathes David Woodbridge , Chong Tae Woon 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Background Venous flow couplers are typically used to monitor free flaps during the postoperative period, with a continuous venous signal available immediately after completion of the anastomosis. Intraoperative loss of the coupler signal is not uncommon and may require adjustments in free flap inset and even flap thickness to get the venous signal to return. The effects of intraoperative coupler signal loss and the role of this technology on flap outcomes have not been evaluated. We hypothesized that the use of intraoperative coupler can be protective of both early and late flap complications by preventing unfavorable flap insets.
Patients and Methods All patients who underwent free flap breast reconstruction between January 2018 and June 2019 by single microsurgery team were included. Flap inset and inset changes based on flow coupler signal problems were reviewed in the procedure notes. Patient demographics data and clinical outcomes were analyzed with comprehensive chart review.
Results Forty-four consecutive patients with 69 free flaps were identified. There were no significant differences in patient characteristics or venous coupler size used in venous anastomosis. Although the number of operating room take backs for venous insufficiency was not significantly different between two groups, the free flaps with inset change had significantly higher complications that required later surgical intervention (p = 0.0464).
Conclusion Surgeons should be aware that intraoperative coupler signal loss can be associated with poor clinical outcomes postoperatively and these flaps may require more perfusion imaging, flap debulking, or even additional venous anastomosis.
Rasmussen Encephalitis: An Update
Authors: Cay-Martinez Karla C. , Hickman Richard A. , McKhann II Guy M. , Provenzano Frank A. , Sands Tristan T. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a rare, devastating, progressive pediatric epilepsy. First described 60 years ago, RE continues to present challenges in diagnosis and management. RE causes a unilateral focal epilepsy in children that typically becomes medically refractory, results in significant hemiparesis, and causes progressive cognitive decline. The etiology is a cell-mediated immune attack on one cerebral hemisphere, though the inciting antigen remains unknown. While the underlying histopathology is unilateral and RE is described as “unihemispheric,” studies have demonstrated (1) atrophy of the unaffected hemisphere, (2) electroencephalographic abnormalities (slowing and spikes) in the unaffected hemisphere, and (3) cognitive decline referable to the unaffected hemisphere. These secondary contralateral effects likely reflect the impact of uncontrolled epileptic activity (i.e., epileptic encephalopathy). Hemispheric disconnection (HD) renders 70 to 80% of patients seizure free. While it has the potential to limit the influence of seizures and abnormal electrical activity emanating from the pathological hemisphere, HD entails hemiparesis and hemianopia, as well as aphasia for patients with dominant HD. With the recent expansion of available immunomodulatory therapies, there has been interest in identifying an alternative to HD, though evidence for disease modification is limited to date. We review what is known and what remains unknown about RE.
Development of a real-time algorithm for detection of the divertor detachment
radiation front using multi-spectral imaging
Authors: Ravensbergen T. , van Berkel M. , Silburn S.A. , Harrison J.R. , Perek A. , Verhaegh K. , Vijvers W.A.J. , Theiler C. , Kirk A. , de Baar M.R. , the EUROfusion MST1 team  
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In this paper we present a novel algorithm to extract the optical plasma boundary and
radiation front for detached divertor plasmas. We show that reliable detection of the divertor
leg and radiation front is possible using lightweight image processing tools. Using a
non-tomographic approach, the detected divertor leg and radiation front can be mapped to the
poloidal plane. This approach is fast and accurate enough for real-time control purposes,
allowing in particular real-time plasma shape and detachment control, and post-shot detachment
physics and dynamics analysis.
HOTS Android-Based student worksheets to practice creative thinking ability of vocational school students
Authors: Prastyo A B , Gembong S , Masfingatin T , Maharani S 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study aims to describe the development of an Android-based HOTS Student Worksheet to train the creative thinking skills of vocational students. The type of research used is Research and Development (R & D) using the ADDIE model which consists of five stages: 1) analyze, 2) design, 3) development, 4) implementation, and 5) evaluation. The research subjects were class XI students in Online and Marketing Business (BDP) majoring in SMK Negeri 1 SekarBojonegoro, totaling 33 students. The research instruments used were learning media validation sheets, test questions, and student response questionnaires. The results of this study are HOTS-based Android LKS learning media that meet very valid criteria with an average of 90.22%, practically with an average student response questionnaire of 80.30% and effective to train creative thinking skills of class XI students of linear program material.
The colour Lego media for mathematics in elementary school
Authors: Rohmatin T , Wulan B R S , Syakur A , Wina T 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study aims to determine the increase in student mathematics learning outcomes in integer addition material. The subjects of this study were students at SDN Bluru Kidul 2 Sidoarjo. This research used class action research design. Data collecting technique that use it, they are observation and test. Data that have collected will be analyzed by using descriptive quantitative analysis technique. Research result showed that by applying color LEGO media it increased student learning result with classical completeness that obtained on first cycle as big as 64%, second cycle as big as 88%. Beside it, from the research result it also show that there is an improvement on teacher activity on first cycle with percentage as big as 71,15% and on second cycle 95,19%, also improvement on student activity on first cycle with percentage as big as 71,59% and second cycle with percentage 94,89%. Because of that, It was concluded that teaching material of totaling number can be taught by using increase Lego color media.
The Effect of Coral Reef Comic Media Implementation on Students’ Environmental Care Attitude in Indonesia
Authors: Sukri A , Efendi I , Hastuti R , Ramdani A , Lukitasari M 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze students’ environmental care attitudes towards coral reef ecosystems through the implementation of coral reef comic media in West Nusa Tenggara. This research was a quasi-experimental study that adopted and modified separate sample pretest-postest designs. Two pilot schools originating from Sumbawa Regency, namely SMAN 1 Alas and SMA Muhammadiyah Alas were randomly selected with a total of 50 students. Attitudes of students’ environmental care is collected through a questionnaire. Scores on the questionnaire were then converted into percentages then analyzed by using paired sample t test to see differences in students’ attitudes before and after treatment at each school, and independent sample t-test to see differences in student attitudes between observational schools. The results showed that (1) there were differences in the attitudes of students before and after being treated using the coral reef comics media in each observation school (p <.05), and (2) there were differences in the attitudes of students’ environmental care between the two observation schools (p <.05). Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that (1) the implementation of coral reef comic media can increase students’ positive attitudes about the environment especially the coral reef ecosystem, (2) students at schools that are geographically close to the coast tend to have a higher caring attitude than students at schools whose geographical location is far from the coast.
Traffic Light Regulatory System Based on Fuzzy Algorithm Using Microcontroller
Authors: Latif Abdul , Megantoro Prisma 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Basically, control system for traffic lights only perform control based on a fixed time. In fact, the arrival rate of vehicles at the intersection of the road is not always the same so of course congestion at the crossroads can not be controlled. This study presents a simulation control system which can perform automatic traffic light control based on vehicle arrival rate. In this control, the duration of the flame is not constant but follows the arrival rate of vehicles. The method used to control the flame duration is fuzzy logic algorithm with the Mamdani fuzzy reasoning using Matlab software. Test results based on the simulation of fuzzy logic in fuzzy MatLab toolbox show that the fuzzy logic algorithm can be used to meet the goal of optimal traffic control, the duration of a given time based on the arrival rate of vehicles. The higher rate of arrival of the vehicle, the longer the duration of a given time, and the lower rate of the arrival of the vehicle, the more briefly given time duration.