bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bayesian meta‐analysis models for cross cancer genomic investigation of pleiotropic effects using group structure
Authors: Baghfalaki Taban , Sugier Pierre‐Emmanuel , Truong Therese , Pettitt Anthony N. , Mengersen Kerrie , Liquet Benoit 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAn increasing number of genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics is made available to the scientific community. Exploiting these results from multiple phenotypes would permit identification of novel pleiotropic associations. In addition, incorporating prior biological information in GWAS such as group structure information (gene or pathway) has shown some success in classical GWAS approaches. However, this has not been widely explored in the context of pleiotropy. We propose a Bayesian meta‐analysis approach (termed GCPBayes) that uses summary‐level GWAS data across multiple phenotypes to detect pleiotropy at both group‐level (gene or pathway) and within group (eg, at the SNP level). We consider both continuous and Dirac spike and slab priors for group selection. We also use a Bayesian sparse group selection approach with hierarchical spike and slab priors that enables us to select important variables both at the group level and within group. GCPBayes uses a Bayesian statistical framework based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) Gibbs sampling. It can be applied to multiple types of phenotypes for studies with overlapping or nonoverlapping subjects, and takes into account heterogeneity in the effect size and allows for the opposite direction of the genetic effects across traits. Simulations show that the proposed methods outperform benchmark approaches such as ASSET and CPBayes in the ability to retrieve pleiotropic associations at both SNP and gene‐levels. To illustrate the GCPBayes method, we investigate the shared genetic effects between thyroid cancer and breast cancer in candidate pathways.
Proactive strategies for countering the detrimental outcomes of qualitative job insecurity in academia
Authors: Urbanaviciute Ieva , Christina Roll Lara , Tomas Jasmina , de Witte Hans 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAgainst the backdrop of various and sometimes unexpected transformations of working conditions, qualitative job insecurity has become increasingly prevalent in academia and beyond. As a result, there is a great need for identifying factors that may mitigate its detrimental outcomes on employee well‐being. To do so, the current study aimed to investigate the role of two proactive participation strategies—participatory decision‐making and job crafting—as a means of counteracting the effects of qualitative job insecurity on burnout, work engagement and job satisfaction. The study was based on a sample of higher education employees in Belgium and Switzerland (N = 915). To test the hypotheses, moderation analyses were conducted in the overall sample and across different staff categories (i.e., senior and junior academic staff, administrative employees). Around 30% of the tested moderation effects were statistically significant, revealing that the negative outcomes of job insecurity were less salient at high values of the moderators. In particular, our findings suggest that encouraging participative decision‐making may serve as a means to maintain academic employees' job satisfaction and prevent burnout in turbulent times. Moreover, job crafting may be additionally targeted at preserving work engagement, even though its moderator effects were not universal.
Organizing for innovation: A contingency view on innovative team configuration
Authors: Vakili Keyvan , Kaplan Sarah 
Published: December 2020

AbstractResearch SummaryWhile innovation has increasingly become a collaborative effort, there is little consensus in research about what types of team configurations might be the most useful for creating breakthrough innovations. Do teams need to include inventors with knowledge breadth for recombination or do they need inventors with knowledge depth for identifying anomalies? Do teams need overlapping knowledge to integrate insights from diverse areas or does this redundancy hamper innovation by creating inefficiencies? In this article, we offer evidence that the answers to these questions may depend on the characteristics of the technologies. Focusing on the degree of modularity and the breadth of application in patent data, we identify empirical patterns suggesting that differing team configurations are associated with different technological domains.Managerial SummaryWhile innovation has increasingly become a collaborative effort, there is little guidance for managers about how you can construct teams to create novel breakthroughs. Who should be on the team? Some have suggested that inventors should have broad knowledge in order to facilitate the recombination of ideas, which is at the heart of creativity. Others suggest that only deep knowledge in an area can lead to novel solutions. How much diversity in backgrounds is useful? Some find that inventors need to have common knowledge in order to integrate their insights. Others worry that this redundancy will lead to inefficiencies that slow down innovation. In this article, we resolve these conflicting recommendations by showing that the team you pick depends on the type of technology.
Highly Stable and Ultrahigh‐Rate Li Metal Anode Enabled by Fluorinated Carbon Fibers
Authors: Xia Shuixin , Zhang Xun , Luo Lingli , Pang Yuepeng , Yang Junhe , Huang Yizhong , Zheng Shiyou 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe advanced energy storage of an Li metal substituted for graphite anode can provide a significant enhancement in a battery's energy density. Nevertheless, the practical implementation of metallic Li has seriously been fettered by the notorious Li dendrite growth and the huge volumetric variation of Li metal inducing poor cycling performance and safety concerns. In this regard, constructing a robust SEI layer combined with a 3D host to stabilize the Li metal is strongly in demand. Herein, a highly stable hosted Li with an LiF dominated SEI has successfully been achieved through metal‐free fluorinated carbon fibers (FCF) with strong lithiophilicity. The metal‐free design is cost‐effective and can retain the energy density of the Li metal, minimizing the unnecessary energy sacrifice from the extra high gravimetric density lithiophilic sites. The FCF hosted Li delivers a promoted high Coulombic efficiency, homogeneous Li deposition, and ultrahigh rate stable cycling over 1000 cycles at 20 mA cm−2 with a much lower voltage polarization (≈220 mV). Moreover, half cells coupled with LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2, sulfur or even thick LiCoO2 cathode demonstrate superior rate performances and enhanced cycling stability even under a lean electrolyte. This work proves the feasibility of FCF hosted Li for practical usage and provides a novel approach toward cost‐effective and high performance lithium metal batteries.
Kinetically Controlled Growth of Sub‐Millimeter 2D Cs2SnI6 Nanosheets at the Liquid–Liquid Interface
Authors: Zhu Weiguang , Shen Junhua , Li Mingxin , Yang Kun , Bu Wei , Sun Yi‐Yang , Shi Jian , Lian Jie 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCs2SnI6 perovskite displays excellent air stability and a high absorption coefficient, promising for photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications. However, Cs2SnI6‐based device performance is still low as a result of lacking optimized synthesis approaches to obtain high quality Cs2SnI6 crystals. Here, a new simple method to synthesize single crystalline Cs2SnI6 perovskite at a liquid–liquid interface is reported. By controlling solvent conditions and Cs2SnI6 supersaturation at the liquid–liquid interface, Cs2SnI6 crystals can be obtained from 3D to 2D growth with controlled geometries such as octahedron, pyramid, hexagon, and triangular nanosheets. The formation mechanisms and kinetics of complex shapes/geometries of high quality Cs2SnI6 crystals are investigated. Freestanding single crystalline 2D nanosheets can be fabricated as thin as 25 nm, and the lateral size can be controlled up to sub‐millimeter regime. Electronic property of the high quality Cs2SnI6 2D nanosheets is also characterized, featuring a n‐type conduction with a high carrier mobility of 35 cm2 V−1 s−1. The interfacial reaction‐controlled synthesis of high‐quality crystals and mechanistic understanding of the crystal growth allow to realize rational design of materials, and the manipulation of crystal growth can be beneficial to achieve desired properties for potential functional applications.
Targeting Early Healing Phase with Titania Nanotube Arrays on Tunable Diameters to Accelerate Bone Regeneration and Osseointegration
Authors: Bai Long , Zhao Ya , Chen Peiru , Zhang Xiangyu , Huang Xiaobo , Du Zhibin , Crawford Ross , Yao Xiaohong , Tang Bin , Hang Ruiqiang , Xiao Yin 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBlood coagulation and inflammation are the earliest biological responses to implant surfaces. Implant nano‐surfaces can significantly impact the osseointegration through the influence on the early phase of bone regeneration. However, the interplay between blood clot property and inflammatory reaction on nanosurfaces is rarely understood. Herein, titania nanotube arrays (TNAs) with different diameters are fabricated on titanium. In vitro evaluation with the whole blood indicates that TNA with a diameter of 15 nm (TNA 15) enables noteworthy platelet activation resulting in distinct clot features compared with that of pure Ti and TNA with a diameter of 120 nm (TNA 120). Further co‐culture with macrophages on the clot or in the clot‐conditioned medium shows that the clot on TNA 15 downregulates the inflammation and manipulates a favorable osteoimmunomodulatory environment for osteogenesis. In vivo studies further demonstrate that TNA 15 could downregulate the inflammation‐related genes while upregulating growth metabolism‐related genes in an early healing hematoma. Additionally, TNA 15 promotes de novo bone formation with improved extending of osteocyte dendrites, demonstrating the desired osseointegration. These findings indicate that surface nano‐dimensions can significantly influence clot formation and appropriate clot features can manipulate a favorable osteoimmunomodulatory environment for bone regeneration and osseointegration.
Perspective on solid‐electrolyte interphase regulation for lithium metal batteries
Authors: Wu Mingguang , Li Yong , Liu Xinhua , Yang Shichun , Ma Jianmin , Dou Shixue 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI) generated between the electrode and the electrolyte strongly influences the performance of batteries. As the most attractive next‐generation energy storage system with ultrahigh energy density, the development of lithium metal batteries (LMBs) has been greatly plagued by the uncontrollable lithium (Li) dendrite and serious electrolyte decomposition resulting from the self‐derived unstable SEI with poor properties. In this perspective, the recent progress of regulating the nature and composition of the SEI to stabilize the Li metal in LMBs is summarized, followed by a discussion of the formation mechanism and the property of the SEI. The strategies for constructing a stable SEI are summarized, for example, design of a compatible electrolyte with the anode, adding self‐sacrificing additives or solvation control additives, and the regulation of nonfaradaic electric adsorption and desorption progress. Finally, the guideline for the rational design of the SEI is proposed.
Polymorphisms of KLF3 gene coding region and identification of their functionality for abdominal fat in chickens
Authors: Wang Weijia , Li Yudong , Li Ziwei , Wang Ning , Xiao Fan , Gao Haihe , Guo Huaishun , Li Hui , Wang Shouzhi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractKLF3 is a member of the Kruppel‐like factor (KLF) family of transcription factors, and plays an important role in several biological processes, including adipogenesis, erythropoiesis and B‐cell development. The purposes of this study are to search for polymorphisms of KLF3 coding region and to provide functional evidence for abdominal fat in chickens. A total of 168 SNPs in KLF3 coding region were detected in a unique chicken population, the Northeast Agricultural University broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content (NEAUHLF). Of which three single nucleotide polymorphisms (g.3452T > C, g.8663A > G and g.10751G > A) were significantly correlated with abdominal fat weight (AFW) and abdominal fat percentage (AFP) of 329 birds from the 19th generation of NEAUHLF (FDR < 0.05). The reporter gene assay was performed to verify functionality of these three SNPs in both ICP‐1 and DF1 cells. Results showed that the luciferase activity of G allele was significantly higher than that of A allele in g.10751G > A (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between different alleles of others two SNPs in luciferase activity. Overall, KLF3 is an important candidate gene that affects chicken abdominal fat content, and the g.10751G > A is a functional variant that potential would be applied to marker‐assisted selection (MAS) for selective breeding programme.
Technology Scouting to Accelerate Innovation in Supply Chain
Authors: Stute Markus , Sardesai Saskia , Parlings Matthias , Senna Pedro Pinho , Fornasiero Rosanna , Balech Sébastien 
Published: December 2020

AbstractDigital technologies have gained ground among companies, researchers and policy makers in recent years due to their growing relevance to current and future supply chains. Technologies such as robotics, artificial intelligence, autonomous transport systems, data science, and additive manufacturing are gradually becoming part of people’s and companies’ daily lives and are changing the manufacturing, process industry and logistics sectors. Although recent attempts have been made to understand the implications of these technologies on supply chain management, the relevance of the different technologies in future scenarios is still unknown. Using a technology scouting approach, the most important enabling technologies for supply chains until 2030 are identified and selected and their implications on future supply chains are evaluated using an assessment methodology with different evaluation criteria.
Crunching away the cosmological constant problem: dynamical selection of a small Λ
Authors: Bloch Itay M. , Csáki Csaba , Geller Michael , Volansky Tomer 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We propose a novel explanation for the smallness of the observed cosmological constant (CC). Regions of space with a large CC are short lived and are dynamically driven to crunch soon after the end of inflation. Conversely, regions with a small CC are metastable and long lived and are the only ones to survive until late times. While the mechanism assumes many domains with different CC values, it does not result in eternal inflation nor does it require a long period of inflation to populate them. We present a concrete dynamical model, based on a super-cooled first order phase transition in a hidden conformal sector, that may successfully implement such a crunching mechanism. We find that the mechanism can only solve the CC problem up to the weak scale, above which new physics, such as supersymmetry, is needed to solve the CC problem all the way to the UV cutoff scale. The absence of experimental evidence for such new physics already implies a mild little hierarchy problem for the CC. Curiously, in this approach the weak scale arises as the geometric mean of the temperature in our universe today and the Planck scale, hinting at a new “CC miracle”, motivating new physics at the weak scale independent of electroweak physics. We further predict the presence of new relativistic degrees of freedom in the CFT that should be visible in the next round of CMB experiments. Our mechanism is therefore predictive and experimentally falsifiable.
Hyperkähler isometries of K3 surfaces
Authors: Banerjee Anindya , Moore Gregory W. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We consider symmetries of K3 manifolds. Holomorphic symplectic automorphisms of K3 surfaces have been classified, and observed to be subgroups of the Mathieu group M23. More recently, automorphisms of K3 sigma models commuting with SU(2) × SU(2) R-symmetry have been classified by Gaberdiel, Hohenegger, and Volpato. These groups are all subgroups of the Conway group. We fill in a small gap in the literature and classify the possible hyperkähler isometry groups of K3 manifolds. There is an explicit list of 40 possible groups, all of which are realized in the moduli space. The groups are all subgroups of M23.
Surface treatment on cobalt and titanium alloys using picosecond laser pulses in burst mode
Authors: Metzner Daniel , Lickschat Peter , Weißmantel Steffen 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe authors report on the results of surface treatment experiments using a solid-state amplified laser source emitting laser pulses with a pulse duration of 10 ps. The laser source allows the generation of pulse trains (bursts) with an intra-burst pulse repetition rate of 80 MHz (pulse-to-pulse time interval about 12.5 ns) with up to eight pulses per burst. In this study a wavelength of 1064 nm was used to investigate both ablation of material and laser-induced surface modifications occuring in metallic implant alloys CoCrMo (cobalt-chromium-molybdenum) and TiAlV (titanium-aluminum-vanadium) in dependence of the number of pulses and fluences per pulse in the burst. By using the burst mode, a smoothing effect occurs in a certain parameter range, resulting in very low surface roughness of the generated microstructures. It is demonstrated that at fluences per pulse which are smaller than the material-specific ablation threshold, a self-organized pore formation takes place if a defined number of pulses per burst is used. Thus, the advantage of the MHz burst mode in terms of a possible surface modification is established.
Mammographic density as an image-based biomarker of therapy response in neoadjuvant-treated breast cancer patients
Authors: Skarping Ida , Förnvik Daniel , Heide-Jørgensen Uffe , Sartor Hanna , Hall Per , Zackrisson Sophia , Borgquist Signe 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Personalized cancer treatment requires predictive biomarkers, including image-based biomarkers. Breast cancer (BC) patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) are in a clinically vulnerable situation with the tumor present. This study investigated whether mammographic density (MD), assessed pre-NACT, is predictive of pathological complete response (pCR).

Methods
A total of 495 BC patients receiving NACT in Sweden 2005–2019 were included, merged from two different cohorts. Cohort 1 was retrospectively collected (n = 295) and cohort 2 was prospectively collected (n = 200). Mammograms were scored for MD pre-NACT according to the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS), 5th Edition. The association between MD and accomplishing pCR post-NACT was analyzed using logistic regression models—for the whole cohort, stratified by menopausal status, and in different St. Gallen surrogate subtypes.

Results
In comparison to patients with low MD (BI-RADS a), the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of accomplishing pCR following NACT was on a descending scale: 0.62 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.24–1.57), 0.38 (95% CI 0.14–1.02), and 0.32 (95% CI 0.09–1.08) for BI-RADS b, c, and d, respectively. For premenopausal patients selectively, the corresponding point estimates were lower, although wider CIs: 0.31 (95% CI 0.06–1.62), 0.24 (95% CI 0.04–1.27), and 0.13 (95% CI 0.02–0.88). Subgroup analyses based on BC subtypes resulted in imprecise estimates, i.e., wide CIs.

Conclusions
It seemed as though patients with higher MD at baseline were less likely to reach pCR after NACT—a finding more pronounced in premenopausal women. Larger multicenter studies are needed to enable analyses and interpretation for different BC subtypes.
A randomized controlled trial comparing community lifestyle interventions to improve adherence to diet and physical activity recommendations: the VitalUM study
Authors: van Keulen Hilde Marijke , van Breukelen Gerard , de Vries Hein , Brug Johannes , Mesters Ilse 
Published: December 2020

AbstractWorldwide, adherence to national guidelines for physical activity (PA), and fruit and vegetable consumption is recommended to promote health and reduce the risk for (chronic) disease. This study reports on the effectiveness of various social-cognitive interventions to improve adherence to guidelines and the revealed adherence predictors. Participants (n = 1,629), aged 45–70 years, randomly selected and recruited in 2005–2006 from 23 Dutch general practices, were randomized (centralized stratified allocation) to four groups to receive a 12-month lifestyle intervention targeting guideline adherence for PA and fruit and vegetable consumption. Study groups received either four computer-tailored print communication (TPC) letters (n = 405), four telephone motivational interviewing (TMI) sessions (n = 407), a combined intervention (two TPC letters and two TMI sessions, n = 408), or no intervention (control group, n = 409). After the baseline assessment, all parties were aware of the treatment groups. Outcomes were measured with self-report postal questionnaires at baseline, 25, 47 and 73 weeks. For PA, all three interventions were associated with better guideline adherence than no intervention. Odds ratios for TPC, TMI and the combined intervention were 1.82 (95% CI 1.31; 2.54), 1.57 (95% CI 1.13; 2.18), and 2.08 (95% CI 1.50; 2.88), respectively. No pedometer effects were found. For fruit and vegetable consumption, TPC seemed superior to those in the other groups. Odd ratio for fruit and vegetable consumption were 1.78 (95% CI 1.32; 2.41) and 1.73 (95% CI 1.28; 2.33), respectively. For each behaviour, adherence was predicted by self-efficacy expectations, habit strength and stages of change, whereas sex, awareness and the number of action plans predicted guideline adherence for fruit and vegetable intake. The season predicted the guideline adherence for PA and fruit consumption. The odds ratios revealed were equivalent to modest effects sizes, although they were larger than those reported in systematic reviews. This study indicated that less resource intensive interventions might have the potential for a large public health impact when widely implemented. The strengths of this study were the participation of lower educated adults and evaluation of maintenance effects. (Trial NL1035, 2007-09-06).
Should We Treat Teddy Bear 2.0 as a Kantian Dog? Four Arguments for the Indirect Moral Standing of Personal Social Robots, with Implications for Thinking About Animals and Humans
Authors: Coeckelbergh Mark 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe use of autonomous and intelligent personal social robots raises questions concerning their moral standing. Moving away from the discussion about direct moral standing and exploring the normative implications of a relational approach to moral standing, this paper offers four arguments that justify giving indirect moral standing to robots under specific conditions based on some of the ways humans—as social, feeling, playing, and doubting beings—relate to them. The analogy of “the Kantian dog” is used to assist reasoning about this. The paper also discusses the implications of this approach for thinking about the moral standing of animals and humans, showing why, when, and how an indirect approach can also be helpful in these fields, and using Levinas and Dewey as sources of inspiration to discuss some challenges raised by this approach.