bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probability Representation of Quantum Mechanics and the Quantizer—Dequantizer Formalism
Authors: Chernega Vladimir N , Man’ko Olga V , Man’ko Vladimir I 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A review of the approach where the states of quantum systems are identified with fair probability distributions is presented. The quantizer–dequantizer operators used to construct the invertible map of the density operators onto the probability distributions are applied to obtain the kinetic equations for probability distributions identified with the quantum system states. For qubit states, the von Neumann evolution equation for the density operator is explicitly given in the form of kinetic equation for the probability distribution. Simplest tomographic probability distributions describing the states of multimode quantum oscillator are constructed.
Nonlinear Description of Quantum Dynamics. N-level quantum systems
Authors: Cruz-Prado Hans , Marmo Giuseppe , Schuch Dieter 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this work a nonlinear evolution of pure states of a finite dimensional quantum system is introduced, in particular a Riccati evolution equation. It is shown how this class of dynamics is actually a Hamiltonian dynamics in the complex projective space. In this projective space it is shown that there is a nonlinear superposition rule, consistent with its linear counterpart in the Hilbert space. As an example, the developed nonlinear formalism is applied to the semiclassical Jaynes–Cummings model.
Quantum catastrophes from an algebraic perspective
Authors: Leviatan A , Gavrielov N 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We study the properties of quantum cusp and butterfly catastrophes from an algebraic viewpoint. The analysis employs an interacting boson model Hamiltonian describing quantum phase transitions between specific quadrupole shapes by interpolating between two incompatible dynamical symmetry limits. The classical properties are determined by using coherent states to construct the complete phase diagrams associated with Landau potentials exhibiting such catastrophes. The quantum properties are determined by analyzing the spectra, transition rates and symmetry character of the eigenstates of critical Hamiltonians.
Schrödinger group and non-linear generalizations of quantum mechanics
Authors: Reginatto M 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A free particle may be characterized abstractly in terms of its invariance group. Both the Hamilton-Jacobi and Schrödinger equations for classical and quantum free particles are invariant under the same group, the Schrödinger group.
The aim of this paper is to discuss possible restrictions on non-linear generalizations of quantum mechanics. The basic idea is to search for those non-linear generalization of quantum mechanics for which a description of the non-relativistic free particle includes a representation of the Schrödinger group, as in classical and quantum mechanics. This condition imposes strong constraints on possible models of free particles.
To carry out such an investigation it is necessary to select an appropriate mathematical formalism, one which can describe physical systems of non-relativistic particles and allows for the incorporation of non-linearities in a natural way. Here the formalism of ensembles on configuration space is used, which is an approach that is capable of describing both classical and quantum systems and, in addition, allows for more general theories that describe mixed classical-quantum systems. Modifications of the equations involving derivatives of up to fourth order are considered
Urban nature in a time of crisis: recreational use of green space increases during the COVID-19 outbreak in Oslo, Norway
Authors: Venter Zander S , Barton David N , Gundersen Vegard , Figari Helene , Nowell Megan 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The global response to the COVID-19 pandemic has brought with it significant changes to human mobility patterns and working environments. We aimed to explore how social distancing measures affected recreational use of urban green space during the partial lockdown in Oslo, Norway. Mobile tracking data from thousands of recreationists were used to analyze high resolution spatio-temporal changes in activity. We estimated that outdoor recreational activity increased by 291% during lockdown relative to a 3 yr average for the same days. This increase was significantly greater than expected after adjusting for the prevailing weather and time of year and equates to approx. 86 000 extra activities per day over the municipality (population of 690 000). Both pedestrians (walking, running, hiking) and cyclists appeared to intensify activity on trails with higher greenviews and tree canopy cover, but with differences in response modulated by trail accessibility and social distancing preferences. The magnitude of increase was positively associated with trail remoteness, suggesting that green spaces facilitated social distancing and indirectly mitigated the spread of COVID-19. Finally, pedestrian activity increased in city parks, peri-urban forest, as well as protected areas, highlighting the importance of access to green open spaces that are interwoven within the built-up matrix. These findings shed new light on the value of urban nature as resilience infrastructure during a time of crisis. The current pandemic also reveals some important dilemmas we might face regarding green justice on the path towards urban planning for future sustainable cities.
Positive maps from irreducibly covariant operators
Authors: Kopszak Piotr , Mozrzymas Marek , Studziński Michał 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we discuss positive maps induced by (irreducibly) covariant linear operators for finite groups. The application of group theory methods allows deriving some new results of a different kind. In particular, a family of necessary conditions for positivity, for such objects is derived, stemming either from the definition of a positive map or the novel method inspired by the inverse reduction map. In the low-dimensional cases, for the permutation group S(3) and the quaternion group Q, the necessary and sufficient conditions are given, together with the discussion on their decomposability. In higher dimensions, we present positive maps induced by a three-dimensional irreducible representation of the permutation group S(4) and d-dimensional representation of the monomial unitary group MU(d). In the latter case, we deliver if and only if condition for the positivity and compare the results with the method inspired by the inverse reduction. We show that the generalised Choi map can be obtained by considered covariant maps induced by the monomial unitary group. As an additional result, a novel interpretation of the Fujiwara–Algolet conditions for positivity and complete positivity is presented. Finally, in the end, a new form of an irreducible representation of the symmetric group S(n) is constructed, allowing us to simplify the form of certain Choi–Jamiołkowski images derived for irreducible representations of the symmetric group.
Solar Thermal Opportunities and Challenges in Pakistan
Authors: Ayaz Adnan , Ahmad Faraz , Saher Saim , Noman Muhammad 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In June 2018, the power deficit in Pakistan hit a record high of 9000 MW. Although alarming, it is not unprecedented due to past trends of exponential population growth, inadequacy of conventional energy sources to meet demand and lack of technological advancements. This represents an urgent and unavoidable need to turn to alternate renewable energy sources such as solar, wind and hydroelectric power. This paper aims to explore the possibilities presented by solar energy to solve the power crisis. This technology can be used to generate electricity which can then be used in different thermal applications. This paper presents a detailed discussion regarding these technologies, the institutions working in this field and scheme of solar thermal plants as per energy needs of Pakistan.
Novel Simplified Blade Hub Line Optimization of High-Pressure Ratio Centrifugal Compressor Design Using Numerical Simulations
Authors: Khan A , Ahmad F , Ali S , Siddiqi M R , Ijaz M Z 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The focus of this research is to numerically investigate the effect of blade hub line variation on the performance (Total pressure-ratio and Isentropic-Efficiency) of centrifugal compressor from stall to choke to study the operating range and stall margin. An optimization technique is carried out in which the meridional profile hub line is modified and compared with the high Mach number SRV2 compressor designed and fabricated by DLR (German Aerospace Center). Numerical simulations showed significant increase in the stall margin and operating range by bargaining on pressure ratio and isentropic efficiency. Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) based k-ε model is used to predict turbulence using numerical simulations. The value of Y plus for the structured mesh near the boundaries is kept 35. Blade hub line being the important parameter, has substantial performance improvement of centrifugal compressor. The novel design improved the stall margin by 44 percent while operating range from stall to choke has been upgraded by 7.5 percent.
Predicting compressive strength of CRM samples using Image processing and ANN
Authors: Waris M I , Mir J , Plevris V , Ahmad A 
Published: August 2020

AbstractQuality of concrete is majorly ascertained through its compressive strength which has a significant role in the stability of concrete structures. In this study, artificial neural network (ANN) and image processing (IP) techniques were used to predict the concrete compressive strength (fc) with cement replacement material (CRM), i.e., Fly Ash (FA) and Silica Fumes (SF). 18 concrete cylinders were cast with different mix ratios and with different % of CRM. Half of them were tested for compression strength in the laboratory and remaining cylinders were cut into three slices each, for prediction of compressive strength through the proposed technique. Images were obtained using a DSLR camera under defined conditions to extract the features. Based on the extracted features, ANN modelling was performed for predictingfc. A comparison of experimental results and ANN results (R = 0.9865) proved ANN models can be used as a prediction tool for compressive strength of concrete.
Sign Language Translation in Urdu/Hindi Through Microsoft Kinect
Authors: Sohail  , Khan M Y , Siddiqui N A , Kiran  
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Communication is the foremost and basic necessity of a person. The ability to speak without any problem is a boon; nevertheless, woefully we have often seen people around us who are the victim of speech or hearing impairments. Thus, the ‘Sign Language’ (SL) appears as an alternate standard language that is globally understood and adopted by the deaf community. Though SL is a communication tool, but in practice, we still see most of the normal people do not understand the SL properly; thus, it is again a problem in communication between a speech/hearing impaired and normal persons. In this regard, many research attempts have been made to resolve this problem via wearable technology and other different paradigms of computational solutions. However, almost all of them focused on English or western languages, which provide a trivial resolution for the people of the Indian subcontinent. Thus, in this paper, we propose a solution to address this issue by employing Kinect Motion Sensor for detecting the signs (in SL) through hand movements and gestures and translating them in Urdu/Hindi language, which is readable and audible to normal persons. The proposed system is developed on a feature-based model; hence, we stored signs in a dictionary/training set for the development of the baseline system; however, the users can customize the system by adding their sign patterns in the future.
Control of battery banks for wind energy conversion system
Authors: Kulkarni Aboli A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In this paper, the essential methodology to control the battery banks for a renewable power system is explained. The power converter used for the above is a step-down voltage regulator also known as Buck converter. It can be used to garner power from a small wind turbine. The paper also explains the charging process of the battery to track the point where maximum power output is obtained in a wide range of speed variations and proper circuit parameter design. Smart Management of battery charging and control is crucial since the lack thereof, would affect the battery’s performance. This method helps avoid the overcharging and overvoltage and also helps build systems that are economic and efficient. This process helps improve the charging efficiency of the battery, also its performance in terms of degradation rate and lifetime. Simple circuit and high reliability are the key factors in the usage of Buck DC/DC converter. A PMSG Stand-alone Wind Turbine System is also modelled and simulated using MATLAB.
Luminous power improvement in InGaN V-Shaped Quantum Well LED using CSG on SiC Substrate
Authors: Manikandan M , Nirmal D , Prajoon P , Dhivyasri G , Chandran V 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This paper presents the design and simulation of Silicon Carbide (SiC) based technology, Indium Gallium Nitride (InGaN) Multiple Quantum Well (MQW) Light-Emitting Diode (LED) with a Compositionally Step Graded (CSG) InGaN barrier and V-Shaped well in the active region. The simulations are obtained in Silvaco Computer Aided Design simulator and parameters such as Internal Quantum Efficiency (IQE) with respect to input current, spontaneous emission in regard to wavelength and power versus current in the device are theoretically studied. The CSG InGaN barrier LED with V-shaped quantum well shows substantial growth in output power when compared to the CSG GaN barrier structure with conventional MQW. The high carrier confinement in the V-shape well causes, transportation/injection of hole and change in band bending due to polarization effect. Moreover, lattice-matched SiC substrate over GaN material increases the InGaN V-shaped MQW LEDs radiative recombination rate which in turn leads to high output power. The optical luminous power of 160mW and 82% of peak IQE, emitting wavelength at 460 nm and 200mA of injection current is obtained for the proposed LED. The enactment of the V shape MQW CSG-InGaN device technology is a good alternative choice for commercial and industrial lighting applications.
Design and Analysis of Series Loaded Resonant Converter fed by Standalone/PV Source
Authors: Lakshmi Tejaswi Pallavarjhula Sri , Sree Vidhya V. , Suma Mahanthi Sai 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The deficiency of power is an enormous issue due to higher growth demands among the utility customers which led the focus on renewable energy sources for electricity generation. Solar energy has gained high popularity due to highly abundant, clean, economical and sustainable when compared to other alternative energy sources. The DC-DC converter topologies are used in solar photovoltaic (PV) applications for power conversion due to less cost, highly reliable, highly efficient, and robust operation. These converters incorporate a wide variety of voltage variations and protection against overvoltage. In the recent times, solar power converters using various soft switching techniques due to high switching frequencies which reduce the size, cost, weight and loss of the converter. The series resonant power converters are one such soft switching converter which is widely employed due to their high - efficiency with the benefit of low switching losses. The paper confers on the analysis of Series Loaded Resonant Converter with low loss switching by applying solar PV as an input source. The converter behaviour is observed in various operating modes concerning the resonant frequency. The design parameters of the proposed converter are validated in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Robot based Smart Water Pipeline Monitoring System
Authors: Sujatha R , Parixit Hariprasad Patel 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Water scarcity is a serious challenge posed on us and the cost of providing fresh potable will provoke over time. The adoption of robots for the water transportation is inevitable for the productive rehabilitation. Real-time water pipelines monitoring is one of the potential application where robotics play a major role. Monitoring the huge long water pipelines is the biggest challenge. Thus a robust and reliable artificial water pipe monitoring and cleaning robot is proposed to monitor the pipelines of various diameters that interconnect the distributed network for leaks and clogs and to remove the debris. The automated system can be made smart by providing online water leakage or block audit is feasible through a web Socket based application program interface in the cloud platform. An early warning dashboard will be enabled for the water supply management team. This prototype when implemented on a large scale will have potential applications in multipurpose industrial huge oil or gas pipelines along with water pipelines.
4G Signal Booster
Authors: Kavipriya P. , Ebenezar Jebarani M.R. , Jegan G. , Chitra P. , Lakshmi S. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
A system which is capable of or adapted for turning easily from one to another of various tasks, fields of endeavor have been evolved since 1980’s as time changes everything is of higher execution, higher limit and simplicity of getting to from anyplace on the world. There is a fast progression in remote correspondence innovation giving the system benefits anyplace and at whatever time 4G correspondence frameworks are being created to take care of the different issues the present correspondence frameworks (3G, 2.5G) are facing. In this paper we give a simple booster which works on the present network 4G.We talk about the innovations that exist in market and can be utilized to upgrade the system data transmission and execution of the right now living innovation in the market. Some of regions were ineffectively secured by wire line gadgets because of significant expense. 4G will be a canny innovation that will decrease the quantity of various advances to a solitary worldwide standard. This would lead to more efficient 4G mobile networks. As previously used Specifically, An artificial intelligent technique involving the use of Bat Algorithm (BA) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) have been proposed. Nowadays everyone is preferred wireless then wired connection and everyone need wireless connectivity. It is trusted that this will fill in as a one-stop look for specialists and engineers in the significant field of remote sign promoters and extenders, who wish to realize what is accessible and existing difficulties.
Evolution of phase singularities of Laguerre–Gaussian Schell-model vortex beam
Authors: Wang Jiao , Ke Xizheng , Wang Mingjun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In free space optical communication, the type and quality of the light source are very important. In this paper, we introduce a vortex class of partially coherent sources of Schell type with a Laguerre–Gaussian Schell-model vortex (LGSMV) beam, which is the product of the dark hollow Laguerre–Gaussian Schell-model beam (2013 Opt. Lett.
38 91) passing through a spiral phase modulator. We study the characteristics of the intensity distribution of the LGSMV beam in the far-field plane. The analytical expression of the cross-spectral density function of a LGSMV beam in the far-field plane is derived. We demonstrate an implicit rule that the number of phase singularities of an LGSMV beam is equal to the original topological charge, when the order p increases to a certain extent. This novel rule provides an effective method for detecting the topological charge of an LGSMV beam in applications such as free space optical communication and optical manipulation.
Cancer Diagnostic Delay in Northern and Central Italy During the 2020 Lockdown Due to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Ferrara Gerardo , De Vincentiis Ludovica , Ambrosini-Spaltro Andrea , Barbareschi Mattia , Bertolini Valentina , Contato Edgardo , Crivelli Filippo , Feyles Elda , Mariani Maria Paola , Morelli Luca , Orvieto Enrico , Pacella Elena , Venturino Ezio , Saragoni Luca 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objectives
We performed data collection concerning the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic-related delay in the diagnosis of cancers to individuate proper corrective procedures.

Methods
A comparison was made among the number of first pathologic diagnoses of malignancy made from weeks 11 to 20 of 2018, 2019, and 2020 at seven anatomic pathology units serving secondary care hospitals in northern-central Italy.

Results
Cancer diagnoses fell in 2020 by 44.9% compared with the average number recorded in 2018 and 2019. Melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer represented 56.7% of all missing diagnoses. The diagnostic decrease in colorectal (–46.6%), prostate (–45%), and bladder (–43.6%) cancer was the most relevant among internal malignancies; for prostate, however, high-grade tumors were only moderately affected (–21.7%).

Conclusions
Diagnosis of cutaneous malignancies was mostly affected by the lockdown; among internal malignancies, corrective actions were mostly needed for colorectal cancer and invasive bladder cancer.
Mastocytosis
Authors: Tzankov Alexandar , Duncavage Eric , Craig Fiona E , Kelemen Katalin , King Rebecca L , Orazi Attilio , Quintanilla-Martinez Leticia , Reichard Kaaren K , Rimsza Lisa M , Wang Sa A , Horny Hans-Peter , George Tracy I 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The 2019 Workshop of the Society for Hematopathology/European Association for Haematopathology received and reviewed cases covering the spectrum of mastocytosis and related diseases, including morphologic mimics, focusing on recent updates and relevant findings for pathologists.

Methods
The workshop panel reviewed 99 cases of cutaneous and systemic mastocytosis (SM) and SM and associated hematologic neoplasms (SM-AHN).

Results
Despite a common theme of KIT mutation (particularly D816V), mastocytosis is a heterogeneous neoplasm with a wide variety of presentations. This spectrum, including rare subtypes and extramedullary organ involvement, is discussed and illustrated by representative cases.

Conclusions
In the age of targeted treatment aimed at KIT, the accurate diagnosis and classification of mastocytosis has major implications for therapy and further interventions. Understanding the clinical, pathologic, and genetic findings of mastocytosis is crucial for selecting the proper tests to perform and subsequent arrival at a correct diagnosis in this rare disease.