bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Policy Series: Illuminating the Intersection Between Employers and Experienced Employees: Current Research and Policy Directions
Authors: Kaskie Brian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Population aging, resulting from the combination of longer life expectancy and lower birthrates, has widespread implications for both employees and employers across the United States. By2040, age55-plus workers are projected to account for more than25 percent of America’s workforce. Yet, even though we have gained a better understanding of the needs and preferences of aging workers, we know far less about the organizations which employ them. This symposium presents the latest research concerning: age discrimination in the workplace, intergenerational workplace arrangements, work ability and performance, and the increasingly varied pathways older persons are taking from work to retirement. We also examine how employers have addressed these issues, and consider why one type of employer may be more likely to adopt and implement a policy or program supporting older workers. Panelists then discuss policy alternatives that may increase and expand current employer efforts to support experienced employees.
Employer Perceptions and Responses to an Aging Workforce: Differences by Industry, Occupation, and Size
Authors: Clark Robert 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Employers are facing significant demographic changes in their workforce as the US population continues to age and older workers seek to delay retirement until later ages. The challenges associated with workforce aging vary substantially across the economy and vary by industry, occupation, and size of the organization. This analysis highlights the findings from employer surveys and workshops of senior HR leaders. The article summarizes the findings from our three-year research project including whether employers perceive that workforce aging is a challenge to their organization and if so, what changes in compensation and working conditions are being made to accommodate the changes in age structure
The Sense of Smell and Aging: What We Have Learned From Population Studies
Authors: Pinto Jayant 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Decline of the sense of smell with age causes a marked impact on older adults, markedly reducing quality of life. Olfactory dysfunction impairs nutrition, decreases the ability to experience pleasure, and results in depression, among other burdens. Large-scale population studies have identified impaired olfaction as a key heath indicator that predicts the development of decreased physical and mental health, reduced physical activity, weight loss, mild cognitive impairment and dementia, and mortality itself. These data have been generated via analyses of data from several aging cohorts, including the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP); the Beaver Dam cohort; the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities project; the Rush Memory and Aging Project; the Health, Aging, and Body Composition project; the Washington Heights/Inwood Columbia Aging Project; among others. In this presentation, we will review the close connection between olfaction, health, aging, including discussion of insights from these studies. We will also discuss emerging data from NSHAP on the effects of sensory function on cognition, mental health, and social interaction, which demonstrate that sensory function plays a vital role in the lives of older adults. Part of a symposium sponsored by Sensory Health Interest Group.
Electronic Assisted Living Technology in CCRC, Assisted Living, and In-Home Care
Authors: Hall John , Lee Linh , Littlejohn Joshua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
A qualitative study based on structured interviews with 21 healthcare leaders from CCRC’s, In-Home Care Agencies, or Medicare PACE facilities was conducted. Implications of electronic assisted living technologies on caregiver workforce were assessed. The use of assisted living technology was shown to have implications for workforce support and the alleviation of demands on caregivers. Communication and assessment tools were also found to be useful in the reduction of caregiver stress. There is optimism regarding the effectiveness of high-tech platforms in easing caregiver burden but there is skepticism about the return on investment given the initial cost and time needed for onboarding and data organization. The lack of user-friendliness and the required time to train to use tech are also barriers. The use of technology for remote check-ins and to monitor vitals is desirable. Also predicting dementia risk and monitoring for wandering are other opportunities for tech adoption. The enthusiasm for technology is tempered with caution for who will keep tabs on remote monitoring and who bears the responsibility to respond to the information gathered. Labor shortages, time constraints, and disorganized documentation are incentives for tech adoption. High-tech solutions for would ideally be user-friendly and help reduce staff demands. Except for the prevention of re-hospitalization by monitoring vitals the benefits of adopting new tech are not perceived as cost-effective.
Music Is Healing: Developing a Music Module for a Pain Management Intervention for African American Older Adults
Authors: Janevic Mary , Robinson-Lane Sheria , Hassett Afton , Courser Rebecca 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Music has a known analgesic effect. Our multidisciplinary team is developing a music-focused module for Positive STEPS, a pain self-management intervention based on principles of positive psychology. The priority population is African American older adults with disabling chronic pain. Positive STEPS is delivered via website and phone calls from community health workers. To inform program design, we conducted two focus groups with older adults in Detroit (n=16; 100% female and African American; 75% age 70+). All participants said they would enjoy using music to cope with pain. Content analysis revealed the following themes regarding music for pain management: it elicits positive memories, reduces stress, motivates exercise and daily activities, and promotes relaxation. Participants offered ideas for music-focused activities, including learning about unfamiliar genres and using music for meditation/relaxation. Findings will inform the design of a new music module, to be pilot-tested for its effect on participant engagement and pain-related outcomes.
AAA Research Methodology II: Innovative Observational and Intervention Studies
Authors: Li Wenjun , Lou Vivian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Asians are the largest and the fastest growing segment of the world population, and the second largest immigrant population in the U.S. A high proportion of Asians live in developing countries or are immigrants to developed countries. Studies on age-related social and health issues of Asians have lagged. To advance research into aging among Asians living in the U.S. and elsewhere in the world, sound methodologies can be adopted from those well-developed in other settings while novel methodologies are to be developed to meet the unique needs of Asian studies. This symposium brings together five abstracts that address a variety of innovative methodological issues in social and health studies among Asian older adults. The topics range from use of wearable devices to measure travel patterns, life space and physical activity in late-life Asian immigrants in the U.S.; use of Ecological Momentary Assessment method to examine influences of social contact satisfaction on neighborhood affect in Chinese in mainland China; use of multilingual age-friendly touch-screen device for cognitive intervention in Singapore; use of GIS to evaluate potential influences of accessibility to neighborhood living resources on attitudes towards aging among the oldest old in Shanghai; and use of a multi-phase complex mixed methods to evaluate a Chinese cancer screening program in Taiwan. Together, these studies showed that innovative methods can be adapted for context relevance and linguistic and cultural appropriateness, and successfully executed in studies on aging among Asians. This symposium is a collaborative effort of the Aging Among Asians Interest Group.
From the Nathan Shock Centers Coordinating Center: Biology of Aging for Nonbiologists
Authors: Austad Steven 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Advances in the biology of aging that promise to dramatically extend the healthy length of human life are now appearing at a breathtaking rate. At the same time, baseless claims of research breakthroughs in maintaining youth have exploded on electronic media. It often difficult for people outside basic aging research to keep track of what is real, what is imaginary, progress. This symposium brings together four scientists working in some of the most exciting research areas to update attendees in terms that will be understandable to anyone. Our speakers were carefully selected both for their scientific achievements and for their outstanding skill as science communicators. Matt Kaeberlein (University of Washington) will discuss some of the most exciting emerging pharmacological interventions that delay or prevent multiple features of aging. Nathan LeBrasseur (Mayo Clinic) will update us on a specific type of pharmacological intervention – senolytics – which target aged, nonfunctioning cells distributed throughout the body to broadly improve and extend health. Morgan Levine (Yale) will discuss how newly discovered molecular clocks give us more accurate information on our real biological age than does our birth certificate and will explain the research significance of these clocks. Melissa Harris (UAB) will update us on progress in stem cell biology. The promise of stem cells to treat and possibly reverse multiple aspects of aging are real, but perhaps no area of research has been more abused by hyperbolic claims. Dr. Harris will separate the real hope from the false hype.
How Characteristics of Florida’s Assisted Living Communities Impact Services and Recreational Activities Offered
Authors: Brown Jocelyn , Pupo Daniel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
There are currently 3,090 assisted living communities (ALCs) serving older adults throughout the state of Florida. The services (e.g. physical therapy) and recreational activities (e.g. cooking classes) offered within these communities likely differ depending on a variety of characteristics such as location, licensure type, and profit status. The goal of this work is to determine how these characteristics influence the number and types of services and activities are offered within Florida’s ALCs. Data on the services and recreational activities, location, and characteristics of ALCs were collected from the state Agency for Health Care Administration (AHCA) website. Counties were classified as rural or urban and based on data from the 2010 U.S. Census. Linear regressions were used to model the associations. The results indicated that rural-based ALCs provided significantly fewer services and activities, compared to urban-based ALCs. ALCs that were for-profit, with more licensed beds and with a limited nursing service license showed increasing numbers of services and activities, while ALCs with limited mental health licenses showed significant decreases. ALCs that are rural, non-profit or that hold limited mental health licenses to provide fewer services and recreational activities for residents than ALCs without these characteristics. Policymakers and administrators should work to ensure that residents living within these communities have adequate access to services and activities by addressing administrative, logistical, and financial barriers.
Targeting Senescent Cells to Counter Aging and Aging-Related Conditions
Authors: LeBrasseur Nathan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In response to various forms of age-associated damage, cells can enter a state of senescence. Senescent cells can compromise the health and function of a tissue, and their accumulation with advancing age is believed to contribute to age-related diseases and geriatric syndromes. In preclinical models (i.e., mice), selective elimination of senescent cells through either genetic approaches or a new class of pharmacological agents, termed “senolytics”, has been show to effectively delay, prevent, or reverse the onset and/or progression of pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, diabetes, cognitive decline, and several other conditions. Thus, considerable efforts are underway to optimize pharmacological strategies and test their effectiveness in human populations. This seminar will highlight the state-of-the-science of senolytic drugs, and the opportunities and challenges for early phase clinical trials in humans.
Aging Clocks
Authors: Levine Morgan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
While chronological age is arguably the strongest risk factor for death, disease, and disability, same-aged individuals remain heterogeneous in their susceptibilities to these various outcomes. One explanation is that chronological age is an imperfect proxy of the degree of biological aging an individual has undergone. Thus, defining measurable estimates of ‘biological age’ (in contrast to chronological age) has become a major initiative in Geroscience research. Such biomarkers of aging, or ‘aging clocks’ will 1) help identify underlying mechanisms of aging, 2) enable identification of at-risk individuals prior to disease onset, and 3) provide outcomes to assess efficacy of interventions. In this session, I will describe the various aging clocks, how they were developed, and what they track. I will also describe how aging clocks can facilitate research both within and outside of the biological sciences.
Reframing Aging in the SDGs Era: The Role of Nonprofits in Helping Older Persons and Holding Governments to Account
Authors: Maromoto Mika 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
With five years gone since the adoption of the UN Agenda for Sustainable Development, the global community is moving far too slowly toward achieving its 2030 objectives for older persons. Achieving proper rights and wellbeing for older persons requires strategic and concerted action. The WHO Decade of Healthy Ageing initiative is one useful step toward defining the diverse physical, psychological, social and healthcare needs of older persons. But government leadership remains weak, and the nonprofit sector plays the key role spearheading advocacy efforts toward the SDG motto of “leave no one behind.” The urgent needs of older persons – whether fighting ageism, upholding the rights of people living with dementia, or promoting lifelong learning and contributions to society - can best be met by societies that “reframe aging” and craft creative and innovative solutions. This presentation showcases NGOs that are leading the way in cultivating such transformative solutions.
User Attitudes Toward Research and Development of Technologies: Perspectives From Three Generations
Authors: Schmidt Steven , Fristedt Sofi , Löfqvist Charlotte , Iwarsson Susanne 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
New technologies are being touted as solutions to many societal challenges not least of which are ageing and health. However, the rapid development of new technologies is proceeding with little input from older adults. This presentation highlights the perceptions and attitudes of three age cohorts related to the continuous technological advancement of products intended to support active and healthy aging. Participants were 30-39 (n= 639), 50-59 (n=703), 70-79 (n=779) years-old randomly sampled from the Swedish population registry. Results showed both similarities and difference across generations. For example, 24%-35% of older adults would like to use home monitoring devices (e.g. fall sensors, smart home devices) to support active and healthy aging, compared to 35%-56% of younger groups. More than 82% of all groups highlighted the importance of involving intended users in the development process. Results can be used to support the needs and desires of current older adults and future generations.
Engaging End Users in Designing Systems and Hardware for a Socially Assistive Robot
Authors: Cacchione Pamela , Mucchiani Caio , Lima Kristine , Mead Ross , Yim Mark , Johnson Michelle 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Development of low-cost robots to assist older adults requires the input of end users: older adults, paid caregivers and clinicians. This study builds on prior work focused on the task investigation and deployment of mobile robots in a Program of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly. We identified hydration, walking and reaching as tasks appropriate for the robot and helpful to the older adults. In this study we investigated the design specifications for a socially assistive robot to perform the above tasks. Through focus groups of clinicians, older adults and paid caregivers we sought preferences on the design specifications. Using conventional content analysis, the following four themes emerged: the robot must be polite and personable; science fiction or alien like; depends on the need of the older adult; and multifaceted to meet the needs of older adults. These themes were used in the design and deployment of the Quori robot.
Information Quality Assessment Framework for Online Dementia Care Resources
Authors: Smriti Diva , DiMaria-Ghalili Rose Ann , Gitlin Laura , Sarcevic Aleksandra , Yan Erjia , Huh-Yoo Jina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Persons with dementia and caregivers can benefit from online resources. The quality and accessibility of these resources, however, can vary. We present work on the Information Quality Framework for Online Dementia Care Resources. To develop the framework, we first empirically examine resources being retrieved with query terms developed with a medical librarian. Searching one of the possible keyword combinations related to living with dementia on Google “Alzheimer AND financial planning” returned 18,900,000 results. Among the top 13 results on the first page of the search results, six were websites of government or non-profit organizations, four were for-profit companies, and three were advertisements. Out of eight unique organizations and companies, two provided support through online communities, but only one is active. The next steps include developing systematic ways to evaluate the credibility and accuracy of these resources, and search and test broader topics of dementia care resources online.
Findings From the Understanding Patterns of Healthy Aging Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Project
Authors: Brennan-Ing Mark , Plankey Michael , Gustafson Deborah 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
In 1984, the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) was started to identify factors in the HIV epidemic related to disease risk and treatment progression among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in four urban areas in the US: Baltimore, MD/Washington, D.C.; Chicago, IL; Pittsburgh, PA, and Los Angeles, CA. MACS participants complete biannual study visits involving HIV testing, biometric screenings, and psychosocial data collection. In 2015 a MACS sub-study, the Understanding Patterns of Healthy Aging among MSM Project (HAMSM), was started to better understand resiliencies promoting well-being among MSM age 40 and older, including those with HIV. HAMSM has helped us to understand aging trajectories among MSM, and provides a unique combination of physiological and psychosocial data that can inform efforts to support MSM in healthy aging. This symposium will present emerging findings from the HAMSM study. Our first paper examines the relationships between psychological connection to the gay community (PSOC) and developmental regulatory strategies associated with health behaviors and more positive self-appraisals. The second paper examines how PSOC is related to HIV risk reduction behaviors, and if there are differences in such behaviors based on HIV status. Our third paper considers how self-perceptions of aging (age discrepancy, aging satisfaction) are related to frailty and frailty transitions, and if these relationships differ by HIV status. The final paper examines the relationship of social support to frailty among MSM by HIV status. Implications of these findings for research, policy, and programs targeting MSM will be discussed.
Social Support and Frailty in HIV Positive and Negative Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Graf Laura , Friedman Mackey , Meanley Steven , Egan James , Brown Andre , Ware Deanna , Plankey Michael , Haberlen Sabina 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Social support is linked to a myriad of positive health outcomes, yet little is understood about its potential role on frailty development among older men who have sex with men (MSM). We evaluated data from 929 MSM aged 40-81 years enrolled in the MACS Health Aging sub-study. Social support (Social Provisions Scale[SPS-24]; range 24-96) was high, though slightly lower among the HIV-positive versus HIV-negative men (median: 80 vs. 82, p=0.12). Each SD increase in social support associated with a 21% decrease in incident frailty (Fried phenotype), independent of age, race, and education (aIRR=0.79, IQR[0.65, 0.97]), though attenuated after adjustment for depressive symptoms. This protective association was observed to be strongest among HIV-positive MSM. High social support is a strength among older MSM, which associates with positive frailty outcomes. Assessing and strengthening social support systems may have potential as a psychosocial component of frailty interventions.
Sex and Text: Queering Older Men’s Sexuality in Contemporary U.S. Fiction
Authors: Armengol Josep 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper will explore the representation of men’s aging experiences in contemporary U.S. fiction. While most gender-ed approaches to aging have focused on women, which has contributed to the cultural invisibility of older men, this study focuses on men’s aging experiences as men, thus challenging the inverse correlation between masculinity and aging. To do so, the study draws on a selected number of contemporary U.S. male-authored fictional works, which question the widely-held assumption that aging is a lesser concern for men, or that men and women’s aging experiences may be simply defined as opposed. The literary corpus includes male authors from different backgrounds so as to illustrate how (self-)representations of aging men vary according not only to gender but also class (Richard Ford), race (Ernest Gaines), and sexual orientation (Edmund White), amongst other factors. The presentation will thus end up challenging the conventional equation of men’s aging processes with (sexual) decline, exemplifying their plurality as well as irreducible contradictions.
Raising Our Voices: The Impact of a Dementia Choir on Well-Being and Quality of Life
Authors: Sheets Debra , MacDonald Stuart , Smith Andre 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Stigma represents one of the biggest barriers to living well with dementia following diagnosis. Social isolation is common as roles, friendships and opportunities to participate in the broader community disappear. An intergenerational dementia choir is a joyful activity that offers opportunities for learning, friendships and purposeful engagement towards common goals (e.g., regular social engagement, public concerts at season’s end). Data collection involved surveys and interviews with 32 dyads comprised of persons with dementia (PwD) and caregivers, as well as focus groups with 29 high school students. Results illustrate the development of a choir community across weeks of participation with far reaching benefits. Both caregivers and PwD experienced reductions in health risks and improvements in quality of life. Students’ understanding of dementia became more positive over time and new friendships developed. The discussion focuses on the need for meaningful and inclusive community activities for PwD and their caregivers.