bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FACTORIAL ANALYSIS ON BACILLUS SP. REMOVAL USING GARLIC SOLUTION
Authors: Zainol Norazwina , Rahim Siti Rahmah 
Published: October 2020

Biofilm is a microbial derived sessile community characterized by cells that are
irreversibly attached to a substratum or interface to each other, embedded in a matrix of
extracellular polymeric substances that they have produced. Many different microbes
can be found in biofilm such as Bacillus sp., Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus
sp., Escherichia coli and many more. Bacillus sp. was used as biofilm model in this
study. The purpose of this study is to determine the most affecting factors in Bacillus sp
removal. Garlic solution was used to remove Bacillus sp. In this study, garlic solution
was prepared by crushing the garlic and mixed it with water. Bacillus sp. was mixed
with nutrient broth before it was incubated. Then, the garlic solution was added into
Bacillus sp. mixture and mixed well. The mixture then was spread on nutrient agar. The
Bacillus sp. weight on agar plate was measured by using dry weight measurement
method. The selected factors were ratio of water to garlic (W/G) (1:1 and 1:5), ratio of
garlic solution to Bacillus sp. (GS/B) (1:1 and 1:3), agitation speed (50 – 100 rpm) and
reaction time between Bacillus sp. and garlic (12 – 24 hours). Design Expert software
(Version 7) was used to construct experimental table where all the factors were
randomized. The most contributing factor and interaction between the factors was
analyzed via two level factorial analysis by using the same software. The results showed
that the most significant factors were GS/B and agitation speed, while for the interaction
effect was between W/G and GS/B. The Bacillus sp. removal best condition was
determined at W/G at 1:1, GS/B at 1:3, agitation speed at 50 rpm and reaction time at 12
hours. The result of the best condition was 88.46% of Bacillus sp. removal.
COMPARISON STUDY OF ESSENTIAL OIL EXTRACTED FROM ETLINGERA ELATIOR (TORCH GINGER) BY USING SOXLET EXTRACTION
Authors: Amirah Shafie Nur Fathin , Yahya Asdarina , Hamzah Fazlena 
Published: October 2020

Significance of essential oils from Etlingera elatior (E. elatior) are growing these days and have prospective to embrace great export in future, yet the quantity of the essential oil extracted does not extant in decent rate. Therefore the purpose of this research is to determine the optimum yield of the E. elatior essential oil. The E. elatior were prepared in two conditions which are normal (fresh) and dry grinded sample. The extraction of normal and dry grinded E. elatior was conducted using Soxhlet extraction with methanol as a solvent. The extraction process was conducted at different extraction time (2, 4, 6 hours). The study indicated that the dry grinded E. elatior produced a higher yield of essential oil as compared to normal grinded E. elatior. The yield of essential oil obtained from dry grinded E. elatior was 71.44% while with normal grinded E. elatior, the yield
was 56.42%. The effect of extraction time towards yield of essential oil shown that prolong extraction up to 6 hours gave a higher yield of E. elatior essential oil. The constituents in the E. elatior essential oil were determined and quantified using GC-MS analysis. The analysis indicated that the E. elatior essential consist of 2-Furaldehyde, 5- methyl, 3-Methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione, Maple lactone, Furan-2,5-dial, Pyranone and 5-Hydroxymethyl furaldehyde.
GC-MS ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE CONSTITUENTS OF JASMINE FLOWER
Authors: Rassem Hesham Hussein , Nour Abdurahman Hamid , Mohammed Yunus Rosli 
Published: October 2020

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) the best technique to identified the compounds of essential oils by comparison of mass spectra data obtained from the sample with that taken from pure commercially available standards injected under the same conditions. To characterize the chemical constituents of Hibiscus Flower using GC-MS, the shade dried flower powder was extracted with methanol by using Microwave-assisted Hydrodistillation (MAHD). The GC-MS analysis provided different peaks determining the presence of ten compounds. These compounds havebiological activity namely 2-Phenylthiolane (57.31%), Cyclohexene, 3-ethenyl- (25.91%), Acetaldehyde (12.70%), N-Methylallylamine (9.99%), ropanamide (6.79%) and Phthalic acid, bis (7-methyloctyl) ester (5.21%). From the results, it can be concluded that Jasmine flower extract shows the presence of 10 phytocompounds. The presence of various bioactive compounds justifies the use of the jasmine flower for various ailments by traditional practitioners.
KINETIC STUDY OF PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT (POME) TREATMENT BY ACTIVATED SLUDGE
Authors: Wun W.L. , Chua G.K. , Chin S.Y. , Zainol N. 
Published: October 2020

Kinetic parameter is a basis for design and optimization of activated sludge POME treatment. In fact, most of the kinetic parameter value used in design and optimization are default values taken from municipal wastewater. The kinetic parameters for POME treatment have not been thoroughlystudied and most of the system is using the Activated Sludge Models (ASM), either in modelling or design. Thus, the kinetic study of POME treatment by activated sludge system were carried out to obtain the kinetic parameters for the POME treatment plant design calculation.In this study, POME treatment was carriedout in batch studiesinto 14 L aeration tank with activated sludge for the biological oxidation process with optimum pH at 6.5 ± 0.1, MLVSS of 2000 ± 200 mg/Lfor HRT of 48 h and feeding with 650 ± 20 mg BOD3/L of anaerobic treated POME, while SRT was controlled at a range of 10 days to 20 days with interval of 2 days for the kinetic study experiment. From this kinetic study, the kinetic parameters for COD and BOD basis had been determined for maximum yields coefficient (Y), endogenous decay coefficient (kd), maximum specific substrate utilization rate (k) and half-velocity constant (Ks) at 0.2369 mg VSS/mg COD, 0.1060 day-1, 2.2717 day 1 and 758.7705 mg/L for COD basis whilst the kinetic parameters value for BOD basis were 0.6718 mg VSS/mg BOD3, 0.0658 day-1, 1.4136 day-1 and 556.1526 mg/L, respectively. Since the BOD is one of the discharge parameters in discharge regulatory, thus kinetic parameters for BOD basis will be used for the system design of POME treatment.
ELEMENTAL AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF Moringa oleifera HUSK EXTRACTS
Authors: Jami Mohammed Saedi , Ahmad Mani Malam , Abayomi Olalere Olusegun , Ngabura Mohammed 
Published: October 2020

Moringa oleifera is a well-known tropical plant with myriads medicinal and nutritional benefits. Its nutraceutical functions are due to the presence of mineral element and phytochemical components which necessitate their profiling. In this study, the elemental and chemical profiles of husk wastes from Moringa oleifera plants were elucidated using Liquid Chromatography equipped with an electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometer (LCMS-QToF) and X-ray Fluorescence analyser. The confirmation of 493 bioactive compounds and two higher concentrations of micronutrients (calcium and potassium) indicated the potential of the Moringa oleifera extracts for medicinal and nutritional purposes. Also, the minimal presence of trace elements such as Cu, Si, Mo and Sr showed that they are non-toxic and can therefore be used as food supplement for both human and in animal feed. The result of this researchcould therefore provide lead for future investigation.
Parental Awareness of Youth Tobacco Use and the Role of Household Tobacco Rules in Use Prevention
Authors: Wu Tsu-Shuan , Chaffee Benjamin W. 
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Noncigarette tobacco use is increasing. In this study, we reexamined (1) parental knowledge or suspicion of their children’s tobacco use and (2) associations of household tobacco-free rules with youth initiation.

METHODS:
Participants were youth (aged 12–17) in waves 1 to 4 (2013–2018) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. A pseudo cross-sectional time-series analysis (N = 23 170) was used to examine parent or guardian knowledge or suspicion of their child’s tobacco use according to youth-reported use categories: cigarette only, electronic cigarette only, smokeless tobacco only, noncigarette combustible only, and poly use. A longitudinal analysis among wave 1 never users (n = 8994) was used to examine rules barring tobacco inside the home and whether parents talked with youth about not using tobacco as predictors of youth tobacco initiation after 1 to 3 years. Survey-weighted multivariable models were adjusted for tobacco use risk factors.

RESULTS:
In all waves, parents or guardians much less often knew or suspected that their children used tobacco if youth only reported use of electronic cigarettes, noncigarette combustible products, or smokeless tobacco compared with cigarettes. Youth tobacco initiation was lower when youth and parents agreed that rules prohibited all tobacco use throughout the home (1-year adjusted odds ratio: 0.74; 95% confidence interval: 0.59–0.94) but not when parents talked with youth about tobacco (adjusted odds ratio: 1.08; 95% confidence interval: 0.94–1.23).

CONCLUSIONS:
Many parents are unaware of their children’s noncigarette tobacco use. Setting expectations for tobacco-free environments appears more effective at preventing youth tobacco initiation than parents advising children not to use tobacco.
Su alcune peculiarità lessicali di ambito liturgico nella Regula monachorum di isidoro di Siviglia
Authors: Di Marco Michele 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe Regula monachorum (c. 615–619) of Isidore of Seville (c. 560–636) is certainly the most relevant among his monastic writings, but these constitute only a small part of his literary production. Written sermone plebeio uel rustico (cf. Prol.), and intended for a coenobium Honorianense of which nothing further is known, it was circulated widely especially in the Iberian Peninsula. As with other works of the same genre, the Regula Isidori denotes an eclectic attitude in its choice and use of sources, not without traits of originality. The almost three-century-old technical terminology of western monasticism is not only mastered thoroughly, but also significantly enriched by Isidore. Within this context, the present contribution focuses on the analysis of terms used in reference to prayer and liturgical celebrations, and more generally to the rites and rituals of the community to which the text was originally addressed. The terms examined sometimes appear to be neologisms with respect to classical Latin, but more often as graphic variants or semantic innovations of particular interest.
Modeliser le continuum latino-roman aux alentours de l’an 800 : de la sociolinguistique à l’intelligence artificielle*
Authors: Cafiero Florian , Verdo Rémy 
Published: October 2020

Summary:The shifting from a “dilated diasystem”, when Latin becomes more and more complex, to two distinct linguistic systems, has already been modelled (e.g. by Pulgram, 1950; Berschin, 1986). Relying on their authors’ extensive experience, these models however leave some problems unaddressed. In particular, they consider the language of a specific period as a homogenous whole. Thus, they mostly ignore the variations of registers existing in the language at a same time, sometimes in the same text. In this paper, we propose a method to systematically study the evolution of the various registers used in texts written in Carolingian ages, with regards to later Merovingian ones. Some of the results can be obtained through computerized statistical analysis implementing some artificial intelligence: the tagging of whole sentences can be applied to a large amount of texts, too large to be analyzed otherwise. Using an annotated corpus as training data, we develop an artificial intelligence that identifies the various registers used in a text. We intend to implement it on a large selection of texts written during the same period.
Dialects of Vulgar Latin and the Dialectal Classification of the Alps-Danube-Adria Region1
Authors: Gonda Attila 
Published: October 2020

SummaryThis study compares the Vulgar Latin Raetia, Noricum, Venetia et Histria, Pannónia Superior, Pannónia Inferior and Dalmatia with each other and their provincial capitals in relation to the hypothesized large dialectal isoglosses of Vulgar Latin, and in turn, to the modern Romance languages located in those areas, such as Western Romance, Northern Italian, Southern Italian and Eastern Romance dialects. The analysis is done on the palatal and velar vowels, the V∼B merger, intervocalic V drop, sonorization, degemination, assimilation, palatalization and final /-s/ drop. The territories of the Alps-Danube-Adria region will be classified according to their similarities to each other and their similarity to the Vulgar Latin or Romance dialects.
Powder metallurgy of Al0.1CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy
Authors: Sokkalingam Rathinavelu , Tarraste Marek , Surreddi Kumar Babu , Mikli Valdek , Muthupandi Veerappan , Sivaprasad Katakam , Prashanth Konda Gokuldoss 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Burnout syndrome among health care workers is associated with violence against them. What needs to be done?
Authors: Awooda Elhadi 
Published: October 2020

Background: During SARS-CoV2 pandemic, patients are becoming more aggressive against health care workers when seeking their demands. Violence against Health care workers is of multifactor, and a one that strongly has associated is their burnout syndrome.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to draw a conclusion from the previous literatures about the association of violence against HCWs and their burnout syndrome. Also to find out other associated factors and solutions for this phenomenon.
Results: HCWs are subjected to stressful situations and high pressure; of highly infectious diseases (SARS-CoV2), shortage of PPE, working for more than 24 hours’ duty, without payment or reward, difficulties in the workplace and a poor hospital administration; all’s can lead to burnout syndrome. On the other hand, patient’s demand for the high expectations of their needs and attendants' (co-patients) fearfulness, anxiousness about their patient fate. Also, patient or co-patients believes on a doctor to be the only savior, so any unexpected behavior or un sympathy from the burned-out HCWs can result in aggressiveness and violence.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of burnout syndrome among HCWs has become a global issue. A real attempt should be made focusing on the radical solution of the problem of burnout syndrome, rather than to enact laws to punish the aggressors against HCWs.
Assessment of the Frequency and Molecular Identity of Mycoplasma Species in Women with a History of Idiopathic Recurrent Abortion: A Case Control Study
Authors: Hasheminasab Hamid , Yavari Mahdieh , Kazemi Mohammad Javad 
Published: October 2020

Background:Abortion is the most common complication in the first trimester of pregnancy. Infections are reported as the etiology of abortions. Some species of Mycoplasmas are seen in the lower genital tract. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency and the molecular identity of Mycoplasma species in women with a history of idiopathic recurrent abortion.
Methods:This study was carried out on 68 women with a history of recurrent abortion. Detecting 16S rRNA to identify the infection of Mycoplasma was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on cervical samples. Furthermore, the sequencing of positive samples was performed to identify the species of Mycoplasma.
Results: The results showed that only one woman with history of three times abortions was infected by Mycoplasma. Her gestational age was six weeks and she had apparent signs of infection. After sequencing, Mycoplasma genitalium was diagnosed as the infectious agent. The prevalence rate of Mycoplasma was 1.47% and 0% in the case and control groups, respectively. There was no significant association betweenabortion and Mycoplasma infection.
Conclusion:It seems more studies are necessary to evaluate the relationship between Mycoplasma infection and abortion. Moreover the increase in the level of public health due to better education and the improvement of contraceptive methods compared to the past has created a significant reduction in Mycoplasma infection.
A Survey on Leading Indications of Fetomaternal Therapeutic Abortions in Yazd: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Asadollahi Samira , Mazaheri Mahta , Tabatabaee Razieh Sadat , Khajehnoori Sahel , Noorishadkam Mahmood , Mirjalili Mehdi , Ghazanfari-Nasrabad Mahdi 
Published: October 2020

Background: Congenital abnormalities are diseases that occur during fertilization of the egg or development of the fetus and lead to disability, illness or mortality. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the factors associated with fetomaternal abnormalities in therapeutic abortions.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 391 mothers referred to Yazd legal medicine organization for pregnancy termination from March 2017 to March 2020. The data about their fetuses were extracted and recorded.
Results:The most common fetal abnormalities observed in this study were central nervous system abnormalities (21.1%), subsequently chromosomal disorders (16.8%), hydropsfetalis, cystic hygroma (15.9%), syndromic disorders (10.1%), single-gene disorders (8.1%), dysmorphology (8.1%), musculoskeletal disorders (7.8%), and cardiovascular disorders (7.2%).
Conclusion: The main maternal causes for therapeutic abortion were cardiovascular disease, kidney diseases and cancers, while the most common fetal disorders leading to therapeutic abortion were central nervous system disorders such as anencephaly.
Inventaire Et DiversitÃ© Des Essences Commerciales Dans Deux ForÃªts PÃ©riurbaines De Brazzaville : Le Site Continental De La Djoumouna Et Le Site Insulaire LoufÃ©zou (RÃ©publique Du Congo)
Authors: Sylvestre Miabangana Edmond Sylvestre Miabangana , Dorelle Hondjuila Miokono Eminence , Nsongola Gilbert , Clarisse Saminou Nkouka Odile , Sita DieudonnÃ© 
Published: October 2020

Un inventaire des essences forestiÃ¨res de bois commercial a Ã©tÃ© entrepris dans deux forÃªts pÃ©riurbaines de Brazzaville : le site continental de la Djoumouna et le site insulaire LoufÃ©zou. Ce dernier a Ã©tÃ© renforcÃ© par le dÃ©pouillement des donnÃ©es phytosociologiques et structuraux de vÃ©gÃ©tation. Ces deux habitats rÃ©alisent respectivement une surface basale de 35,7 et 53 m2 /ha. Le fond floristique, dominÃ© par les Fabaceae, projette une richesse de 51 espÃ¨ces Ã©manant respectivement de 462 et 414 individus de Dbh â‰¥ 10 cm. Les Pentaclethra eetveldeana (De Wild. et T. Durand) et Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth., dominent lâ€™ossature structurale dans la forÃªt continentale, tant en surface terriÃ¨re quâ€™en indice de valeur dâ€™importance. Sur le site insulaire, ce sont Antiaris toxicaria Lesch var. welwitschii (Engl.) Berg et Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn., dâ€™une part, et Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub. et Pentaclethra eetveldeana De Wild. dâ€™autre part qui se relaient pour les deux paramÃ¨tres. Le site continental est plus riche et plus diversifiÃ© par rapport Ã son voisin insulaire. Tout de mÃªme, ces deux habitats particuliers projettent une bonne structuration en essences commerciales, en rapport avec la maturitÃ© Ã©cologique de ces sites forestiers. Ce trait milite en faveur de lâ€™Ã©laboration des plans dâ€™amÃ©nagement Ã titre conservatoire.
An inventory of commercial timber species was undertaken in two peri-urban forests of Brazzaville, the continental site of Djoumouna and the LoufÃ©zou island site. This inventory was strengthened by the analysis of phytosociological and structural vegetation data. These two habitats have a basal area of 35.7 and 53 m2 /ha, respectively. The floristic matrix, dominated by Fabaceae, projects a richness of 51 species emanating respectively from 462 and 414 individuals of Ddh â‰¥ 10 cm. Pentaclethra eetveldeana De Wild. & T. Durand and Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth., dominated the structural framework in the continental forest, both in the basal area and the significance of value index. On the island site, Antiaris toxicaria Lesch var. welwitschii (Engl.) Berg and Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn., on the one hand, and Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub. and Pentaclethra eetveldeana De Wild., on the other hand, take turns for both parameters. The continental site is richer andmore diversified compared to its island neighbor. All the same, these two particular habitats project a good structure in commercial timber in relation to the ecological maturity of these forest sites. This feature militates in favour of the elaboration of management plans as a precautionary measure.
Tren Layanan Perpustakaan Untuk Pemustaka Milenial
Authors: Nugrohoadhi Agung 
Published: October 2020

Karakteristik pemustaka era mileneal perlu dipahami oleh perpustakaan dengan layanan-layanan yang dapat mendukung aktivitas mereka. Dalam sebuah perguruan tinggi, keberadaan perpustakaan merupakan sumber informasi sebagai rujukan dalam setiap penyelesaian rujukan yang mereka ingin ketahui. Akses informasi secara cepat dan keakuratan yang diberikan merupakan kekuatan utama sebuah perpustakaan dalam melayani pemustaka millineal sehingga jangan sampai mereka justru mencari rujukan dari sumber informasi yang kurang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan.Semua itu harus dimulai dengan niat sepenuh hati untuk memberikan layanan sepenuh hati. Menjadi teladan bagi diri sendiri adalah contoh terbaik bagi pustakawan milenial di era digital. Semua yang tidak disukai oleh para pemustaka harus segera diubah menjadi semua hal yang disukai dan diperlukan oleh para pemustaka. Bekal utama yang harus dimilkiki oleh para pemustaka adalah sikap ramah kepada semua pemustaka pada semua kondisi. Hal inilah yang selalau diharapkan dan dirindukan oleh para pemustaka di era digital dan revolusi industri 4.0. Setiap pustakawan harus dapat mengevaluasi diri sendiri posisinya saat ini di mana dan seperti apa kompetensinya dibandingkan dengan pustakawan lainnya. Dengan kehadiran mereka akan menambah kesemarakan iklim akademis yang merupakan tugas sebuah perguruan tinggi untuk menghasilkan sarjana milineal yang tanggap dan tangguh dalam menghadapi setiap perubahan yang akan terus terjadi . Tugas ini akan menjadi salah satu tugas besar bagi pustakawan untuk selalu cepat menghadirkan dan tepat dalam memberikan informasi bagi setiap layanan bagi mereka.
Acetabular Surgery in the Prone Position Resulting in a Life-Threatening Splenic Injury
Authors: Öztürk Alper , Yüksel Sinan , Selamoğlu Arda , Gökçe Aysun , Bilgetekin Yenel Gürkan 
Published: October 2020

Case:
The case reported involves a patient who developed an unexplained decrease in hemoglobin after acetabular fracture surgery in the prone position. Repeat abdominal computed tomography was remarkable for a massive subcapsular spleen hematoma secondary to rib fracture impingement, which required splenectomy.

Conclusion:
The spleen can be injured by a fracture rib during prone positioning for fixation of an acetabular fracture. Prone surgical positioning may cause iatrogenic intra-abdominal organ injury in patients with displaced lower rib fractures. Lateral positioning should be considered for acetabular surgery in patients with rib fractures.
Robotic-Assisted Acetabular Cup Placement in Severe Intrapelvic Acetabular Protrusio
Authors: Haniball Jikku , Howe Lee Bing , Guoping Kelvin Tan 
Published: October 2020

Case:
We present a patient with a 30-year history of severe intrapelvic acetabular protrusio. As far as we know, this is the first case report on the use of robotic technology in total hip arthroplasty for severe acetabular protrusion. We also discuss the challenges and lessons learned from this technically demanding case.

Conclusion:
Robotic assistance has its advantages in the accurate templating of the optimal cup dimensions, orientation, and location. However, the surgeon may still need to manually restore the offset because the center of rotation is not re-established and must be mindful of the severity and chronicity of the soft-tissue contractures.