bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comptonization of CMB in galaxy clusters. Monte Carlo computations
Authors: Gornostaev M I , Lipunova G V 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT
The problem under consideration is to determine the change of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) spectral shape due to the thermal Sunyaev–Zeldovich (tSZ) effect. We numerically model the spectral intensity of the CMB radiation Comptonized by the hot intergalactic Maxwellian plasma. To this aim, a relativistic Monte Carlo code with photon weights is developed. The code enables us to construct the Comptonized CMB spectrum in a wide energy range. The results are compared with known analytical solutions and previous numerical simulations. We also calculate the angular distributions of the intensity of radiation emerging from the cloud, which show that the spectral shape of the tSZ effect is not universal for different directions of escaping photons. The numerical method can be applied to simulate the processes of Comptonization for different optical depths, temperatures, initial spectra of photon sources, and their spatial distributions, the obtained results may have implications on investigating the profiles of galaxy clusters.
A flexible, interpretable, and accurate approach for imputing the expression of unmeasured genes
Authors: Mancuso Christopher A , Canfield Jacob L , Singla Deepak , Krishnan Arjun 
Published: September 2020

AbstractWhile there are &gt;2 million publicly-available human microarray gene-expression profiles, these profiles were measured using a variety of platforms that each cover a pre-defined, limited set of genes. Therefore, key to reanalyzing and integrating this massive data collection are methods that can computationally reconstitute the complete transcriptome in partially-measured microarray samples by imputing the expression of unmeasured genes. Current state-of-the-art imputation methods are tailored to samples from a specific platform and rely on gene-gene relationships regardless of the biological context of the target sample. We show that sparse regression models that capture sample-sample relationships (termed SampleLASSO), built on-the-fly for each new target sample to be imputed, outperform models based on fixed gene relationships. Extensive evaluation involving three machine learning algorithms (LASSO, k-nearest-neighbors, and deep-neural-networks), two gene subsets (GPL96–570 and LINCS), and multiple imputation tasks (within and across microarray/RNA-seq datasets) establishes that SampleLASSO is the most accurate model. Additionally, we demonstrate the biological interpretability of this method by showing that, for imputing a target sample from a certain tissue, SampleLASSO automatically leverages training samples from the same tissue. Thus, SampleLASSO is a simple, yet powerful and flexible approach for harmonizing large-scale gene-expression data.
Upper Mantle Mush Zones beneath Low Melt Flux Ocean Island Volcanoes: Insights from Isla Floreana, Galápagos
Authors: Gleeson Matthew L M , Gibson Sally A , Stock Michael J 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The physicochemical characteristics of sub-volcanic magma storage regions have important implications for magma system dynamics and pre-eruptive behaviour. The architecture of magma storage regions located directly above high buoyancy flux mantle plumes (such as Kīlauea, Hawai’i and Fernandina, Galápagos) are relatively well understood. However, far fewer constraints exist on the nature of magma storage beneath ocean island volcanoes that are distal to the main zone of mantle upwelling or above low buoyancy flux plumes, despite these systems representing a substantial proportion of ocean island volcanism globally. To address this, we present a detailed petrological study of Isla Floreana in the Galápagos Archipelago, which lies at the periphery of the upwelling mantle plume and is thus characterized by an extremely low flux of magma into the lithosphere. Detailed in situ major and trace element analyses of crystal phases within exhumed cumulate xenoliths, lavas and scoria deposits indicate that the erupted crystal cargo is dominated by disaggregated crystal-rich material (i.e. mush or wall rock). Trace element disequilibria between cumulus phases and erupted melts, as well as trace element zoning within the xenolithic clinopyroxenes, reveal that reactive porous flow (previously identified beneath mid-ocean ridges) is an important process of melt transport within crystal-rich magma storage regions. In addition, application of three petrological barometers reveals that the Floreana mush zones are located in the upper mantle, at a depth of 23·7 ± 5·1 km. Our barometric results are compared with recent studies of high melt flux volcanoes in the western Galápagos, and other ocean island volcanoes worldwide, and demonstrate that the flux of magma from the underlying mantle source represents a first-order control on the depth and physical characteristics of magma storage.
Invisible Poetry: Women, Ethnic Minorities and the Forgotten History of Carcanet Magazine
Authors: Jaillant Lise 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Before it became a leading poetry publisher, Carcanet was a student magazine set up by undergraduates who wanted to link Oxford and Cambridge. This article sheds light on the forgotten history of Carcanet magazine, focusing particularly on women and ethnic minorities. Prior to Michael Schmidt’s takeover of the magazine in late 1967, Carcanet offered opportunities to writers from India and ex-colonies (including Adil Jussawalla and Edward Brathwaite) to publish their work, before moving on to more mainstream venues. Carcanet magazine can be seen as a site of struggle between various players: between the Oxford and Cambridge literary sets, and between British/European and postcolonial groups. Drawing on extensive archival work in neglected collections, as well as oral history interviews, this article tells an alternative history of Carcanet magazine as a case study for the larger literary field of post-war Britain. The story is less focused on Michael Schmidt, without diminishing his accomplishment in transforming a student magazine into an enduring publishing enterprise.
Mental Health Consequences and Service Use of Older Adults at Risk of Financial Exploitation
Authors: Lavery Angela L , Hasche Leslie , DePrince Anne , Gagnon Kerry , Srinivas Tejaswinhi , Boyce Erin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This study examines whether the experience of financial exploitation is associated with increased likelihood of mental health consequences and subsequent use of mental health services. Interviews were conducted with 99 participants, age 60 and older, at risk for elder abuse. The authors and research team administered standardized measures of elder mistreatment, depression, trauma, social support, and service use. Older adults who experienced financial exploitation reported worse trauma symptoms and depression than those who did not experience financial exploitation. Those with increased functional impairment were least likely to rely on mental health services. The findings highlight the importance of interventions to address and enhance response to depression, trauma, and social support in older adults who are victims of financial exploitation.
Declarative tracing or backwards tracing—a welcomed development or a misnomer
Authors: Chong Conrad 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In Federal Republic of Brazil v Durant International Corpn [2016], the Privy Council upheld the long-disputed concept of backwards tracing. This article argues in favour of the establishment of backwards tracing and attempts to clarify several confusions arising in the development of backwards tracing, in particular those terminological difficulties. Deriving from the clarification effort, it is advocated that the orthodox tracing process can be interpreted from an additional perspective, based on the ‘negative option’ obtained (but often neglected) by a tracer. Accordingly, it is time to rename backwards tracing as ‘Declarative Tracing’.
Putting Workers on the Map: Agricultural Atlases and the Willamette Valley’s Hidden Labor Landscape
Authors: Korsunsky Alex 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Analyzing Oregon agricultural atlases from 1878 to 1958, I show that, despite these texts’ projection of impartial authority, they function to extend a discourse of natural bounty in which agricultural abundance is linked to inherent characteristics of the land, hiding the role of racialized and disenfranchised laborers in production. Using a combination of Agricultural Census data, historical and contemporary records from farmers and agricultural extension services, and GIS software, I demonstrate a method for reconstructing historical and contemporary agricultural labor landscapes, filling in—at least partially—the spatial absence of farmworkers. Using maps I have produced for a limited set of crops as a case study, alongside worker testimonies and ethnographic accounts, I argue that this sort of counter-mapping of the agricultural landscape can form the basis for an alternative spatial narrative of changing landscapes, replacing the depopulated and bountiful nature of conventional agricultural atlases with maps that reveal the agricultural landscape from a worker’s perspective that centers the hidden the toil and suffering entailed in the creation of Oregon’s agricultural bounty.
Classification and Treatment of Pediatric Tibial Spine Fractures: Assessing Reliability Among a Tibial Spine Research Interest Group
Authors: Ellis Henry B. , Zynda Aaron J. , Cruz Aristides I. , Sachleben Brant , Sargent Catherine , Green Daniel , Schmale Gregory , Jagodzinski Jason , Rhodes Jason , Mistovich Justin , Fabricant Peter D. , McKay Scott , Lee Rushyuan J. , Yen Yi-Meng , Ganley Theodore 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Treatment decisions for patients with tibial spine fractures depend heavily on radiographic measurements. The purpose of this study was to determine whether existing classification systems and radiographic measurements are reliable among a multicenter tibial spine research interest group. A secondary purpose was to evaluate agreement in treatment of tibial spine fractures.

Methods:
Using a deidentified radiographic imaging series and identical imaging software, we examined the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the Meyers and McKeever classification, as well as a cohort of measurements of tibial spine fractures and treatment recommendations. Forty patients were included based on previous reliability studies. Interobserver and intraobserver data were analyzed using kappa and intraclass correlation coefficient reliability measures for categorical and continuous variables, respectively.

Results:
Good interobserver reliability was seen with superior displacement measurements of the anterior portion of the tibial spine fracture (0.73, 0.78) and excellent intraobserver reliability with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.81. Several measurements demonstrated moderate interobserver and intraobserver reliability including posterior-proximal displacement, and length and height of the tibial spine fracture. Moderate intraobserver reliability was seen with a majority of measurements and classification schemata (0.42 to 0.60) except for a poor agreement in posterior-sagittal displacement (0.27). Classifying tibial spine fractures according to the original Meyers and McKeever classification demonstrated fair agreement [κ=0.35, 0.33 (inter); 0.47 (intra)]. When combining Type III and IV, agreement increased for both reviews [κ=0.42, 0.44 (inter); 0.52 (intra)]. A total of 24 (60%) fractures were classified as 3 different types. There was fair agreement in both reviews regarding open reduction (either open or arthroscopic) versus closed reduction for initial treatment [κ=0.33, 0.38 (inter); 0.51 (intra)].

Conclusions:
Measurement of superior displacement of the anterior portion of tibial spine fractures on the lateral images is the only radiographic assessment with good interobserver and intraobserver reliability. Reliability of radiographic measurements and a modified classification for tibial spine fractures remains fair, and perhaps unacceptable, even among a group of pediatric sports medicine specialty-trained surgeons.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—diagnostic reliability study of nonconsecutive patients.
Citalopram in Treatment of Pregnant Women With Panic Disorder
Authors: Uguz Faruk 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Purpose
The study aimed to investigate efficacy of citalopram in pregnant women with panic disorder.

Methods
The study data with 22 patients were retrospectively collected from clinical registers. The study was conducted in patients with and without comorbid major depression. The patients were evaluated using the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety.

Findings
The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety scores were significantly reduced after treatment with citalopram at 20 mg/d for 8 weeks. The response rate based on Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale was 68.2%. Patients with comorbid major depression seemed to have a lower response rate compared with nondepressed patients.

Implications
The current study suggests that citalopram may be beneficial for in pregnant women with panic disorder.
Nonantibiotic treatments for urinary cystitis: an update
Authors: Barea Bianca M. , Veeratterapillay Rajan , Harding Chris 
Published: September 2020

Purpose of review
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of most common infections in everyday clinical practice. Given the increase in antimicrobial therapy resistance, there has been an increased interest in nonantibiotic treatment options for common infections.

Recent findings
A review of the recent literature including on nonantibiotic options for management of UTIs, symptoms of cystitis and prevention of recurrent UTIs.

Summary
The article provides an overview on alternative therapy to antibiotics in the treatment of cystitis and recurrent UTI prophylaxis, including alkalinization of urine, cranberry products, probiotics, NSAIDS, d-mannose, herbal medicine, methenamine hippurate, oral immunostimulants (immunotherapy), topical oestrogens, vitamins and acupuncture. The last few years of intense research has focused on an effort to find evidence to corroborate potentially efficacious non antibiotic treatments. However, alternative treatments for UTIs have not brought conclusive evidence that antibiotic usage can be replaced completely by nonantibiotic options. The reason for this is largely due to a lack of good-quality randomized controlled trials on this subject.
Efficacy of Early Percutaneous Catheter Drainage in Acute Pancreatitis of Varying Severity Associated With Sterile Acute Inflammatory Pancreatic Fluid Collection
Authors: Zhang Yun , Yu Wen-Qiao , Zhang Jian , Fu Shui-Qiao , Fu Qing-Hui , Liang Ting-Bo 
Published: September 2020

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of early percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) for sterile acute inflammatory pancreatic fluid collection (AIPFC) in acute pancreatitis (AP) of varying severity.

Methods
Retrospective analyses were performed based on the presence of sterile AIPFC and different AP severities according to 2012 Revised Atlanta Classification.

Results
Early PCD contributed to obvious decreases in operation rate (OR, P = 0.006), infection rate (IR, P = 0.020), and mortality (P = 0.009) in severe AP (SAP). In moderate SAP with sterile AIPFCs, however, early PCD was associated with increased OR (P = 0.009) and IR (P = 0.040). Subgroup analysis revealed that early PCD led to remarkable decreases in OR for patients with persistent organ failure (OF) within 3 days (P = 0.024 for single OF, P = 0.039 for multiple OF) and in mortality for patients with multiple OF (P = 0.041 for OF within 3 days and P = 0.055 for 3–14 days). Moreover, lower mortality was found in SAP patients with early PCD-induced infections than with spontaneous infections (P = 0.027).

Conclusions
Early PCD may improve the prognosis of SAP with drainable sterile AIPFCs by reducing the OR, IR, and mortality.
Quality of Parental Care and Traumatic Experiences in Childhood Related to Schizophrenic Disorders
Authors: Neumann Eva , Juckel Georg , Haussleiter Ida S. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In recent times, an increasing interest in the role of childhood adversities in schizophrenia can be seen. In this study, 37 schizophrenic patients were compared with 25 individuals from the general population with regard to the quality of parental care and traumatic experiences in childhood. Two self-report scales for retrospective measurement of these variables were used that differentiate between maternal and paternal rejection, emotional warmth and control on the one hand, and trauma subtypes on the other. The schizophrenic patients scored lower regarding both parents' emotional warmth and higher regarding emotional and physical abuse and neglect. Group membership was correctly predicted with these childhood variables in 83% of cases, with the mother's emotional warmth being the best predictor. The findings underline the relevance of childhood adversities in schizophrenic diseases in adulthood, with special emphasis on the role of emotional acceptance from the primary caregiver.
Personality Disturbances in Melancholic and Nonmelancholic Unipolar Major Depression
Authors: Valerio Marina P. , Blasco Belén , Tagni Florencia , Szmulewicz Alejandro G. , Martino Diego J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Although melancholic depression has been associated with a more adequate premorbid personality style, the empirical evidence supporting this statement is inconclusive. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analyzed studies comparing the presence of personality disturbances in melancholic and nonmelancholic subtypes of major depressive disorder (MDD). We defined a) a continuous outcome, defining personality traits as a dimensional construct, and b) a dichotomous outcome, defined as the presence/absence of personality disorders (PD). We also evaluated the role of potential moderators. Our results showed significantly higher levels of neuroticism and interpersonal sensitivity, and a higher likelihood of presenting a PD in nonmelancholic depression. No significant differences were found for extraversion. The scarcity of studies and high heterogeneity were among our limitations. In conclusion, personality disturbances seem to be overrepresented in nonmelancholic MDD. The assessment of personality disturbances can be useful in clinical practice and in the study of MDD heterogeneity.
Quality Improvement Analyses Revealed a Hidden Shift Following a Retrospective Study on Breastfeeding Rates
Authors: Sedler Jennifer , Khaki I. Sheevaun , Phillipi Carrie A. , Dukhovny Dmitry , DeVane Kenneth , Gievers Ladawna 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
Factors affecting exclusive breastfeeding rates are complex. Evaluations for early-onset sepsis can negatively impact breastfeeding success. We sought to determine whether implementing an algorithm utilizing the sepsis risk score (SRS) in chorioamnionitis-exposed newborns would increase exclusive breastfeeding rates. We collaborated with healthcare systems experts to analyze and understand our outcomes.

Methods:
We describe a retrospective cohort study of chorioamnionitis-exposed newborns 35 weeks and older gestation in the Mother-Baby Unit at our institution following a quality improvement project that implemented an SRS algorithm. We compared exclusive breastfeeding rates over 2 time periods, 33 months before and 15 months after SRS algorithm implementation. We completed bivariate comparisons using chi-square and Mann–Whitney U tests to understand the factors contributing to exclusive breastfeeding rates. In a secondary analysis, breastfeeding rates and demographic patterns were examined using p-charts.

Results:
Following algorithm implementation, exclusive breastfeeding rates increased from 49% to 58% (P = 0.10) in chorioamnionitis-exposed newborns. Factors associated with increased exclusive breastfeeding included Caucasian race, English as the primary language, private insurance, vaginal delivery, and positive group B Streptococcus status. In the secondary analysis, the proportion of non-Hispanic mothers increased from 63% to 80% during the study.

Conclusions:
Despite SRS implementation, exclusive breastfeeding rates increased but not significantly, and certain sociodemographic factors remain associated with exclusive breastfeeding. Secondary analysis revealed an overall demographic shift affecting the dataset, highlighting the importance of thorough data analysis when evaluating a quality improvement project.
Screening Social Determinants of Health in a Multidisciplinary Severe Asthma Clinical Program
Authors: Leibel Sydney , Geng Bob , Phipatanakul Wanda , Lee Euyhyun , Hartigan Phyllis 
Published: September 2020

Introduction:
Asthma is the most common cause of chronic disease in children and has high healthcare utilization costs. Minority children living in poverty have a higher asthma burden. These health disparities are associated with the social determinants of health (SDH). A severe asthma clinic was implemented at Rady Children’s Hospital in San Diego to determine whether a multidisciplinary approach, including an asthma home visit addressing SDH, would lead to decreased healthcare utilization in terms of emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations.

Methods:
Patients with 2 or more ED visits in the past 6 months or 2 or more hospitalizations in the previous year were recruited to Rady Children’s Hospital Severe Asthma Clinic. A multidisciplinary team evaluated each patient systematically. A subset of patients on capitated Medicaid insurance plans also had a comprehensive asthma home visit with community health workers as part of the Community Approach to Severe Asthma (CASA) program.

Results:
A significant reduction in ED visits (75%, P < 0.001) and hospitalization days (73%, P < 0.001) was demonstrated in 74 Severe Asthma Clinic participants with 1 year of pre-/postdata to analyze. In a subset of 12 patients in the CASA program, further reductions in ED visits (90%, P = 0.002) were also demonstrated. Basic needs, including shelter, food, and assistance with utilities, were the most common domain of SDH identified and addressed in CASA participants.

Conclusion:
We demonstrate that a novel pediatric severe asthma clinic with a multidisciplinary approach, including actively addressing SDH, is associated with decreasing health care utilization.