bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HGF alleviates septic endothelial injury by inhibiting pyroptosis via the mTOR signalling pathway
Authors: Peng Fei , Chang Wei , Sun Qin , Xu Xinyi , Xie Jianfeng , Qiu Haibo , Yang Yi 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundEndothelial injury is one of the predominant pathophysiological characteristics of sepsis and is the major cause of sepsis-induced multiple organ failure. Endothelial pyroptosis is a fatal mechanism of endothelial injury in sepsis, and specific, effective therapies are lacking. Although hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has been shown to have anti-apoptotic and anti-necrotic effects, whether it prevents pyroptosis to improve endothelial injury in sepsis remains unclear.MethodsRecombinant HGF was intravenously injected into mice with sepsis caused by caecal ligation puncture (CLP). Histopathological examination and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to measure lung vascular endothelial injury. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was transfected into EA.hy926 cells to induce endothelial pyroptosis, and the cells were treated with HGF in the presence of inhibitors of c-Met and mTOR, namely, PHA-665752 and rapamycin, respectively. The mTOR signalling pathway and mitochondrial physiology were assessed using Western blot and flow cytometry.ResultsIntravenous HGF effectively alleviated pulmonary vascular endothelial injury and acute lung injury in the septic mice. The TEM results of lung tissue revealed that HGF attenuated pulmonary vascular endothelial pyroptosis, which was confirmed in vitro. Transfected LPS induced the pyroptosis of EA.hy926 cells and damaged their paracellular permeability, and these effects were ameliorated by treating the cells with recombinant HGF. The protective effect of HGF against pyroptosis was dependent on c-Met/mTOR signalling. mTOR activation effectively protected mitochondrial physiology and decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in EA.hy926 cells in vitro.ConclusionsThese results demonstrated that HGF protected mitochondrial physiology by activating mTOR signalling to partially ameliorate endothelial pyroptosis and attenuate vascular endothelial injury and acute lung injury in sepsis animal model.
Invisible contaminants and food security in former coal mining areas of Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil
Authors: Blanco Graziela Dias , Sühs Rafael Barbizan , Brizola Escarlet , Corrêa Patrícia Figueiredo , Campos Mari Lucia , Hanazaki Natalia 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundMining activities have environmental impacts due to sediment movement and contamination of areas and may also pose risks to people’s food security. In Brazil, the majority of coal mining activities are in the south, in the Santa Catarina carboniferous region. In this region, previously mined areas contaminated with heavy metals frequently occur nearby inhabited zones. Mining is part of the daily lives of local communities, and its environmental impacts are visible in the landscape; however, plants with medicinal and food use from these areas can be still consumed. Heavy metals are contaminants that do not have odor, color, or taste, and are therefore difficult to detect. We aimed to verify whether people use plants from contaminated mine areas, and understand which factors can influence the use of these resources, even from areas visibly impacted.MethodsWe conducted 195 semi-structured interviews with residents from 14 areas nearby abandoned mines in the main municipalities of the Santa Catarina carboniferous region. We asked each interviewee about the length of time they lived in the region, their perception of the quality of the environment, and what plant species were used and for what purpose. We constructed generalized multivariate linear models to verify which variables can affect the group of species mentioned and generalized linear models to verify which variables can affect the total number of citations. We estimated the frequency of citing species collected using the Smith index.ResultsFrom all interviewees, 127 (65%) reported collecting plants for medicinal and food use, directly from contaminated mine areas. Long-term residents, as well as those who noticed more environmental changes (positive and negative), cited more plants used and had more detailed knowledge of plant use in their communities. When asked if they were aware of the possible contamination of mined areas, 85% said they knew about it. However, only 10% associated negative health effects with the use of plant species collected in contaminated mined areas.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that people living nearby contaminated areas use and consume locally sourced plants, e.g., people know little about the danger of this contamination in their food and the risk of these contaminants to their health. These results also reveal a lack of information about contamination, as well as a lack of actions that include local communities in contaminated area restoration strategies. This situation poses a risk to the food security of the people living nearby former coal mining areas.
Individualized approach to primary prevention of substance use disorder: age-related risks
Authors: Afuseh Eric , Pike Caitlin A. , Oruche Ukamaka M. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe misuse of legal and illegal substances has led to an increase in substance use disorder (SUD) in the United States. Although primary prevention strategies have been successfully used to target chronic physical diseases, these strategies have been less effective with SUD, given misconceptions of SUD, shortages in behavioral health professionals, and the population-based focus on specific substances. A developmental approach to the identification and primary prevention of SUD that does not fully rely upon behavioral health workers is needed. The purpose of this paper was to examine age related risk factors for developing SUD and present a novel individualized approach to SUD prevention.MethodsA literature search was conducted to identify risk factors for SUD among children, young adults, adults, and older adults. We searched CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PubMed between the years 1989–2019, and extracted data, analyzing similarities and differences in risk factors across life stages. Broader categories emerged that were used to group the risk factors.ResultsMore than 370 articles were found. Across all age groups, risk factors included adverse childhood experiences, trauma, chronic health diseases, environmental factors, family history, social determinants, and grief and loss. Despite the similarities, the contextual factors and life challenges associated with these risks varied according to the various life stages. We proposed an approach to primary prevention of SUD based on risk factors for developing the disease according to different age groups. This approach emphasizes screening, education, and empowerment (SEE), wherein individuals are screened for risk factors according to their age group, and screening results are used to customize interventions in the form of education and empowerment. Given that trained persons, including non-healthcare providers, close to the at-risk individual could conduct the screening and then educate and mentor the individual according to the risk level, the number of people who develop SUD could decrease.ConclusionsThe risk factors for developing SUD vary across the various life stages, which suggests that individualized approaches that do not overtax behavioral healthcare workers are needed. Using SEE may foster early identification and individualized prevention of SUD.
The Toll-like receptor ligand, CpG oligodeoxynucleotides, regulate proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of osteoblast
Authors: Yu Wenwen , Zheng Yi , Li Hongyan , Lin Hongbing , Chen Zhen , Tian Yue , Chen Huishan , Zhang Peipei , Xu Xiaowei , Shen Yuqin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the regulation of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3 cells.

Methods
The laser co-focusing and flow cytometry assay were employed to detect cell uptake of CpG ODN 2006. Twelve ODNs were sythesized, and their effects on proliferation and differentiation were detected by MTT and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay. Flow cytometry assay was used to examine the regulation of CpG ODN on cell cycle. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot were used to evaluate the regulation of CpG ODN on mRNA and protein expression of osteogenic differentiation genes.

Results
The phosphorothioate CpG ODN 2006 could efficiently enter the MC3T3 cells in 1 h and locate in the cytoplasm. The MTT assay demonstrated CpG ODNs could promote MC3T3 cell proliferation and differentiation in the early stage, and gradually attenuated along with the increase of treating time, except for BW001 and FC001. qRT-PCR assay demonstrated that all the 12 CpG ODNs could promote the relative expression level of osteogenic differentiated genes, SP7 and OCN. In addition, western blot analysis suggested the CpG ODNs of BW001 and FC001 could increase the protein expression of P27Kip1 and Runx2 and decrease the protein expression of cyclin D1.

Conclusion
The selected CpGODNs may be a potential gene therapy for bone regeneration of periodontitis.
MRI evaluation of resorbable poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) screws used in pelvic osteotomies in children—a retrospective case series
Authors: Hedelin Henrik , Hebelka Hanna , Brisby Helena , Laine Tero 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPurposeThe orthopaedic use of resorbable poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) implants carries multiple potential benefits. To our knowledge, only one publication exists regarding the use of PLGA implants in pelvic osteotomies in children, and data regarding resorption and potential side effects are lacking for resorbable pelvic screws in children. The aim of this study is to present an MRI-based evaluation of the resorption pattern and local tissue reactions in a paediatric case series after pelvic osteotomies fixated with PLGA screws.MethodsTwelve children who had undergone a Salter or triple pelvic osteotomy fixated with 4.5 mm PLGA screws were included. A total of 18 MRIs was performed 0.5–4.5 years after surgery and were retrospectively analysed. Eight parameters relating to screw resorption, local reactions and re-formation of bone were interpreted.ResultsThe screw canals were > 90% replaced with solid bone after 2–4.5 years in all cases but one, where the canals were only partly replaced with bone. There were no major soft tissue reactions but small (< 12 mm) bone cysts were observed in 3 of the 18 MRIs and discrete fatty patches in the adjacent bone were common.ConclusionPLGA screws in the paediatric pelvis appear to be resorbed and replaced with solid bone in most cases but this process takes at least 2 years. Minor reactions could be seen in the adjacent bone but were judged to be of no clinical significance.
Health TAPESTRY Ontario: protocol for a randomized controlled trial to test reproducibility and implementation
Authors: Mangin Dee , Lamarche Larkin , Oliver Doug , Bomze Sivan , Borhan Sayem , Browne Tracy , Carr Tracey , Datta Julie , Dolovich Lisa , Howard Michelle , Marentette-Brown Sarah , Risdon Cathy , Talat Samina , Tarride Jean-Eric , Thabane Lehana , Valaitis Ruta , Price David 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundHealth TAPESTRY (Health Teams Advancing Patient Experience: STRengthening qualitY) aims to help people stay healthier for longer where they live by providing person-focused care through the integration of four key program components: (1) trained volunteers who visit clients in their homes, (2) an interprofessional primary health care team, (3) use of technology to collect and share information, and (4) improved connections to community health and social services. The initial randomized controlled trial of Health TAPESTRY found promising results in terms of health care use and patient outcomes, indicating a shift from reactive to preventive care. The trial was based on one clinical academic center, thus limiting generalizability. The study objectives are (1) to test reproducibility of the established effectiveness of Health TAPESTRY on physical activity and hospitalizations, (2) to test the feasibility of, and understand the contributing factors to, the implementation of Health TAPESTRY in six diverse communities across Ontario, Canada, and (3) to determine the value for money of implementing Health TAPESTRY.MethodsThis planned study is a pragmatic parallel randomized controlled trial with a delayed intervention for control participants at 6 months. This trial will simultaneously assess effectiveness and implementation in a real-world setting (type II hybrid) in six diverse communities across Ontario. Participants 70 years of age and older will be randomized into the Health TAPESTRY intervention or the control group (usual care). Intervention clients will receive an individualized plan of care from an interprofessional care team. The plan will be based on a client’s goals and current health risks identified through volunteer visits. The study’s outcomes are mapped onto the RE-AIM framework, with levels of physical activity and number of hospitalizations as the co-primary outcomes. The main analysis will be a comparison at 6 months.DiscussionIt is important to evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of Health TAPESTRY in multiple communities prior to scaling or widespread adoption.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.govNCT03397836. Registered on 12 January 2018
Antibacterial activity of Cu(II) and Co(II) porphyrins: role of ligand modification
Authors: Beyene Belete B. , Wassie Getaneh A. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this study, we report antibacterial activity of metalloporphyrins; 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis (para-X phenyl)porphyrinato M (II) [where X = H, NH2 and COOMe for M = Cu and X = COOH  and OMe for M = Co]. The activity study of the as-synthesized metalloporphyrins toward two Gram-positive (S. aureus and S. pyogenes) and two Gram-negative (E. coli and K. pneumoniae) bacteria showed a promising inhibitory activity. Among the complexes under study, the highest antibacterial activity is observed for 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis (p-carboxyphenyl)porphyrinato cobalt (II), with inhibition zone of 16.5 mm against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). This activity could be attributed to the high binding ability of COOH group to cellular components, membranes, proteins, and DNA as well as the lipophilicity of the complex. Moreover, consistent with literature report, the study revealed that metalloporphyrins with electron withdrawing group at para-positions have better antibacterial activity than metalloporphyrin which possess electron donating group at para position.
Bacterial laccase of Anoxybacillus ayderensis SK3-4 from hot springs showing potential for industrial dye decolorization
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Chang Fei , Tang Xiaoqing , Li Wei , Yin Qiang , Yang Yang , Hu Yang 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Laccases are green biocatalysts that possess attractive for the treatment of resistant environmental pollutants and dye effluents.

Purpose
To exploit the laccase of Anoxybacillus ayderensis SK3-4 that possesses dye decolorization ability at room and higher temperature, we characterized the enzyme in considerable detail and investigated its ability to decolorize different dyes.

Results
A bacterial laccase gene designed as LacAn from Anoxybacillus ayderensis SK3-4 of hot springs was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. LacAn is a monomeric protein with a molecular weight of 29.8 kDa. The optimum pH and temperature for syringaldazine oxidation were 7.0 and 75 °C, respectively. LacAn was stable at pH values ranging from 6.5 to 8.5 above 65 °C. The enzyme activity was significantly enhanced by Cu2+ and Mg2+ but inhibited by Zn2+ and Fe2+. Furthermore, LacAn showed high decolorization capability toward five dyes (direct blue 6, acid black 1, direct green 6, direct black 19, and acid blue 93) in the absence of redox mediators. It also demonstrated a wide temperature range, and it can retain its high decolorization ability even at high temperatures.

Conclusions
These properties including better enzymatic properties and efficiency to decolorize dyes demonstrate that the bacterial laccase LacAn has potentials for further industrial applications.
Incidentally detected pancake kidney: a case report
Authors: Bakshi Sabyasachi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Congenital anomalies of the urinary system are very common and have extremely varied presentation. Among them, the most rarely found structural anomaly is the pancake kidney. When both kidneys are fused along their medial surfaces to form a round-shaped single renal mass, it is termed as pancake kidney. In this case report, a pancake kidney was incidentally detected in a girl. The majority of individuals who have pancake kidney are usually asymptomatic but surgeons should be aware of coexisting malformation of other organs and its potential risk of developing malignancy.

Case presentation
A 12-year-old Bengali girl presented to our out-patient department with mild, dull aching, lower abdominal pain and dysuria. She had no history of fever, hematuria, menstrual abnormality, pelvic inflammatory disease, or trauma. Urine examination showed traces of albumin and 10–12 pus cells/high-power field. She had normal kidney function test but a digital X-ray of her kidney, ureter, and bladder region failed to demonstrate bilateral renal tissue shadows. Ultrasonography of her whole abdomen showed normal intra-abdominal organs except for empty bilateral renal fossa. A multi-detector computed tomography scan of her whole abdomen revealed one round-shaped mass measuring approximately 9 cm (vertical) × 10 cm (horizontal) in the pelvic cavity. That mass was finally identified as a pancake kidney. She was prescribed antibiotics based on urine culture and sensitivity test that cured her symptoms. She was advised to follow-up regularly in our out-patient department to evaluate her kidney function and to rule out any neoplastic change.

Conclusions
This condition can be managed conservatively, if the individual remains asymptomatic, by regular monitoring of renal function. Surgeons should remain alert for the development of infections, any obstructive manifestations leading to calculus formation, and any malignant changes. The individual should be careful in avoiding trauma to low-lying pelvic kidney. Extensive surgeries should be avoided and only selective procedures should be done so that the patient may lead a normal lifestyle.
Transcriptome profiles acquired during cell expansion and licensing validate mesenchymal stromal cell lineage genes
Authors: Wiese Danielle M. , Braid Lorena R. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractBackgroundMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are rapidly advancing as commercial therapeutics. However, there are still no adequate tools to validate the identity of MSCs and support standardization of MSC-based products. Currently accepted metrics include cell surface marker profiling and tri-lineage differentiation assays, neither of which is definitive. Transcript profiling represents a cost- and time-effective approach amenable to MSC manufacturing processes. Two independent labs recently reported non-overlapping MSC-specific transcriptomic signatures of 489 and 16 genes.MethodsHere, we interrogated our repository of transcriptome data to determine whether routine culture manipulations including cell expansion and immune activation affect expression of the reported MSC lineage genes. These data sets comprise 4 donor populations of human umbilical cord (UC) MSCs serially cultured from cryopreservation thaw through pre-senescence, and 3 donor populations each of naïve UC and bone marrow (BM) MSCs and licensed by 3 different cytokines.ResultsOverall, 437 of 456 proposed signature genes assessed in these data sets were reliably expressed, representing an enduring lineage profile in 96% agreement with the previous studies. Serial passaging resulted in the downregulation of 3 signature genes, and one was silenced. Cytokine stimulation downregulated expression of 16 signature genes, and 3 were uniformly silenced in one or the other MSC type. Fifteen additional genes were unreliably detected, independent of culture manipulation.ConclusionThese results validate and refine the proposed transcriptomic tools for reliable identification of MSCs after isolation through cell expansion and after inflammatory activation. We propose a 24-gene signature to support standardized and accessible MSC characterization.
Reliability of dopamine transporter PET measurements with [18F]FE-PE2I in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Kerstens Vera S. , Fazio Patrik , Sundgren Mathias , Matheson Granville J. , Franzén Erika , Halldin Christer , Cervenka Simon , Svenningsson Per , Varrone Andrea 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Reliable quantification of dopamine transporter (DAT), a biomarker for Parkinson’s disease (PD), is essential for diagnostic purposes as well as for evaluation of potential disease-modifying treatment. Due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and thus lower expected radioligand binding to DAT, higher measurement variability in PD patients might be expected than earlier reproducibility results in healthy controls. Therefore, we aimed to examine the test-retest properties of [18F]FE-PE2I-PET in PD patients.

Methods
Nine patients with PD (Hoehn and Yahr stage < 3) were included (men/women 6/3; mean age 65.2 ± 6.8 years). Each patient underwent two [18F]FE-PE2I-PET measurements within 7–28 days. The outcome measure was non-displaceable binding potential generated using wavelet-aided parametric imaging with cerebellum as reference region. We assessed test-retest performance using estimates of reliability and repeatability. Regions for primary analysis were caudate, putamen, ventral striatum, and substantia nigra. Exploratory analysis was performed for functional subdivisions of the striatum. We also compared the more vs. less affected side.

Results
[18F]FE-PE2I showed absolute variability estimates of 5.3–7.6% in striatal regions and 11% in substantia nigra and ICCs of 0.74–0.97 (median 0.91). The absolute variability for functional striatal subdivisions was 6.0–9.6% and ICCs of 0.76–0.91 (median 0.91). The less affected substantia nigra exhibited greater consistency than the more affected side. According to power calculations based on the current sample size, DAT changes of 5–11% in the striatum and 28% in the substantia nigra can be detected with a power of 0.8 (p < 0.0125).

Conclusion
DAT-PET measurements with [18F]FE-PE2I in PD patients showed good repeatability and reliability. The slightly lower reliability in the substantia nigra in patients may be explained by lower DAT density and smaller anatomical size. Power calculations suggest that [18F]FE-PE2I PET is a suitable marker for longitudinal DAT decline in PD.

Trial registration
EudraCT 2017-003327-29
Y chromosome in health and diseases
Authors: Lau Yun-Fai Chris 
Published: August 2020

AbstractSex differences are prevalent in normal development, physiology and disease pathogeneses. Recent studies have demonstrated that mosaic loss of Y chromosome and aberrant activation of its genes could modify the disease processes in male biased manners. This mini review discusses the nature of the genes on the human Y chromosome and identifies two general categories of genes: those sharing dosage-sensitivity functions with their X homologues and those with testis-specific expression and functions. Mosaic loss of the former disrupts the homeostasis important for the maintenance of health while aberrant activation of the latter promotes pathogenesis in non-gonadal tissues, thereby contributing to genetic predispositions to diseases in men.