bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Integrated Knowledge Translation Study to Address Avoidable Rehospitalisations and Unplanned Admissions for Older People: Study Protocol
Authors: Harvey Gillian , Pham Clarabelle T. , Inacio Maria C. , Laver Kate , Lynch Elizabeth A. , Jorissen Robert N. , Karnon Jonathan , Bourke Alice , Forward John , Maddison John , Whitehead Craig , Rupa Jesmin A. , McNamara Carmel , Crotty Maria 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundRepeated admission to hospital can be a stressful and negative experience for older people and their families and puts additional pressure on the health care system. While there is evidence about strategies to better integrate care and improve older patients' experiences at transitions of care, thus helping to reduce hospital readmissions, implementing these strategies at scale is challenging. The objective of this project is to improve the pathways of care for older people after discharge from hospital by leveraging existing large datasets and an established collaborative network of clinicians, consumers, academics, and aged care providers. MethodsThe project will be undertaken in the state of South Australia and focuses on people aged 65 and over. A mixed methods approach will be adopted, with three inter-linked work packages that aim to: analyse existing registry data to profile individuals at high risk of emergency department encounters and hospital admissions; evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of existing ‘out-of-hospital’ programs provided within the state; implement and evaluate a statewide quality improvement collaborative to tackle key interventions likely to improve older people’s care at points of transitions. The study is underpinned by an integrated approach to knowledge translation, with active engagement of a broad range of stakeholders throughout, to optimize the relevance and sustainability of the changes that are introduced. DiscussionThis project highlights the uniqueness and potential value of a multi-faceted approach (risk profiling; evaluation framework; implementation and evaluation) to improving health services. The project aims to develop a practical and scalable solution to a challenging health service problem for frail older people and service providers.Trial registrationNot applicable.
Characterization of Amorphous Silica and Crystalline Silica From Rice Husk Ash on Water Filtration Application
Authors: Zainal Nur Saadah , Mohamad Zaleha , Mustapa Mohammad Sukri , Badarulzaman Nur Azam 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The presence of water pollution which consists of heavy metals, fecal and others has produced a major problem. These can lead the water to the toxicity and the impurity of water will be disrupted. Therefore, it would not be safe to drinks and could be threatening to live health. In addition, the current market now is dealing with high-cost production to develop ceramic membranes and has been using expensive material to make the filtration system works. In order to challenge the issue, the preparation of ceramic water filtration at low-cost production and using an effectively silica from natural waste rice husk was evaluated. Rice husk was fired at 700ºC and 1000ºC respectively and produced rice husk ash which mutated to amorphous and crystalline silica. Five samples were fabricated after been mixed with the compositions of rice husk ash, kaolin clay, and wheat flour, used at 40:40:20 ratios by weight respectively. The fabrications of the ceramic membrane were conducted by using dry pressing. The samples then were dried in the oven at 60ᵒC for 1 hour followed by sintering at 1000ᵒC respectively. These samples (OO, C1, C2, N1, and N2) were tagged based on unwashed and washed material with the chemical. The properties of silica which the microstructure and pore size, from rice husk ash were obtained by using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and x-ray diffractometer (XRD). Effect of silica content in ceramic filtration membrane was investigated and characterized in term of porosity, density, water absorption, pore size, the turbidity of water (before and after filtration) and pH value. From the result, sample C2 was the best option to support the objective by 98.60% silica content, 64.82% of porosity, 1.1433 mg/cm3 of density, 40.59% of water absorption, and pH of 7.62 of water after filtration. In general, the quality of the ceramic filter membrane is reliant on the raw material, while the water clarity is dependent on the pore size of the filter membrane.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder among Adolescents in Brazil: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Avanci Joviana , Serpeloni Fernanda , de Oliveira Thiago Pires , de Assis Simone Gonçalves 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The frequency of trauma and violence exposure in urban areas and their effects on mental health in adolescents in developing countries are poorly investigated. Most information about traumatized young people comes from war scenarios or disasters. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PTSD in trauma-exposed students in a low-resource city of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The effects of sociodemographic, individual, family factors in the development of PTSD were also investigated.Methods: Through multi-stage cluster sampling, 862 adolescents (Mage = 15 years old, 65% female) from public and private schools in the city of São Gonçalo were selected for the study. Self-rating structured questionnaires were applied to assess sociodemographic profile, exposure to physical and psychological violence (family, school, community), sexual abuse, social support, social functional impairment, resilience, and posttraumatic stress disorder. The data were grouped in blocks regarding sociodemographic, individual, family, and community variables. For statistical analysis, chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression were performed. Results: The PTSD prevalence was 7.8% among adolescents. Boys were significantly exposed to more events of community violence while girls to family violence. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for PTSD were statistically significant for age (OR, 1.45, [95% CI, 1.043–2.007]), social functional impairment (OR, 4.82, [95% CI, 1.77–13.10]), severe physical violence of the mother (OR, 2.79, [95% CI, 0.79–9.93]), psychological violence by significant people (OR, 3.96, [95% CI, 1.89–8.31]) and a high number of episodes of community violence (OR, 3.52, [95% CI, 1.47–8.40).Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of PTSD within this population associated with violence exposure. Not only physical but also psychological violence contributed to PTSD. The results also raise awareness for the differences in life trajectories between boys and girls regarding violence. These differences need to be better understood in order to develop effective preventative interventions. Treating and preventing mental health disorders presents a challenge for countries, especially those with a lower degree of social and economic development and who have high community violence.
Compressible Flow Simulation with Moving&nbsp;Geometries using the Brinkman Penalization in&nbsp;High-Order Discontinuous Galerkin
Authors: Pour Neda Ebrahimi , Anand Nikhil , Klimach Harald , Roller Sabine 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this work we investigate the Brinkman volume penalization technique in the context of a high-order Discontinous Galerkin method to model moving wall boundaries for compressible fluid flow simulations. High-order approximations are especially of interest as they require few degrees of freedom to represent smooth solutions accurately. This reduced memory consumption is attractive on modern computing systems where the memory bandwidth is a limiting factor. Due to their low dissipation and dispersion they are also of particular interest for aeroacoustic problems. However, a major problem for the high-order discretization is the appropriate representation of wall geometries. In this work we look at the Brinkman penalization technique, which addresses this problem and allows the representation of geometries without modifying the computational mesh. The geometry is modelled as an artificial porous medium and embedded in the equations. As the mesh is independent of the geometry with this method, it is not only well suited for highorder discretizations but also for problems where the obstacles are moving.We look into the deployment of this strategy by briefly discussing the Brinkman penalization technique and its application in our solver and investigate its behavior in fundamental one-dimensional setups, such as shock reflection at a moving wall and the formation of a shock in front of a piston. This is followed by the application to setups with two and three dimensions, illustrating the method in the presence of curved surfaces.
Factors Associated with Tobacco Smoking&nbsp;in HIV Infected Persons, Brazil: A Cross Sectional Survey
Authors: Sorensen William , Pereira-Caldeira Natalia Maria Vieira , Boyle Julianna , Fleck-Reinato Lilian Andreia , Gir Elucir 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to assess differences in factors between smoking status of Brazilians living with HIV, as well as assess whether secondhand smoke exposure or sexual orientation was associated with smoking status. Methods: Over 200 HIV infected individuals were convenience sampled. Permission was granted by the Universidade de São Paulo, and trained HIV care nurses conducted the interviews. Results: Two-hundred and five participants were interviewed of whom 39% currently smoked tobacco. Sexual orientation did not associate with smoking categories, but secondhand smoke exposure did. In the ever-smoking model lower education level was more likely to induce smoking behavior and women were 70% more likely to have smoked. In the current-smoking model, attitudes were significant, and women were 75% more likely to be currently smoking. Conclusion: Smoking prevalence is high in HIV-infected persons in Brazil. Comprehensive attention is needed to help individuals successfully quit, including emphasis on secondhand smoking risk awareness and offering coping strategies to prevail over stigma and stress, especially for women.
Pregnancy Intentions and Its Associated Factors Among Married Women in Resunga, Gulmi, Nepal
Authors: Karki Rita , Maharjan Surendra , Khatiwada Ganesh , Shrestha Junu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPregnancy intention refers to a women’s thinking at the time she became aware that she was pregnant. Pregnancy intentions can be categorized as intended and unintended. It is an important public health concern in every corner of the world, especially in developing countries. The study was carried out with an objective of determining the pregnancy intentions among married women in Resunga municipality, Gulmi, Nepal and test the association of pregnancy intentions with various socio-demographic, and reproductive health-related variables.MethodsThe community based cross-sectional study design was used to achieve the objective of the study. Married women of reproductive age of the Resunga municipality, Gulmi were selected and a multistage random sampling technique was adopted. Total 406 participants were involved in this study. Pretested semi-structured interview schedule adapted from Demographic and Health Survey of Nepal was used for data collection. All the statistical tests were performed in SPSS, version 25.0. The p -value was set at 5% level of significance. Descriptive and data exploratory analysis were performed. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis technique were conducted to explore the association between pregnancy intentions and predictor variables.ResultsThe study showed that out of total 410 pregnancies, 248 (60.5%) pregnancies were unintended, of which 78(19.05%) were unplanned and 170 (41.5%) were ambivalent. The remaining 162 (39.5%) pregnancies were considered intended. The chi-square analysis and bivariate analysis showed that women age, socioeconomic status, husband opposition, methods used before pregnancy, and intention of using contraception in the future were significantly associated with pregnancy intentions. When these variables were subjected for multivariate analysis, only socioeconomic status, and method of family planning used before pregnancy were found to be significantly associated with pregnancy intentions.ConclusionsThe study showed that unintended pregnancy is very high. The factors that were found to be associated with an unintended pregnancy were socioeconomic status and method of family planning used before pregnancy. The findings of this research work could be useful while providing different reproductive and family planning related services to women by considering predictors of unintended pregnancy that might increase planned pregnancy ultimately.
The Predictive Value of Creatinine Clearance for Mortality in Patients Undergoing Revascularization
Authors: Ram Eilon , Beckerman Pazit , Segev Amit , Shlomo Nir , Atlas-Lazar Abigail , Sternik Leonid , Raanani Ehud 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundRenal function plays a significant role in the prognosis and management of patients with multi-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) referred for revascularization. Current data lack precise risk stratification using estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and creatinine clearance. MethodsThis prospective study includes a three-year follow-up of 1112 consecutive patients with multi-vessel CAD enrolled in the 22 hospitals in Israel that perform coronary angiography. ResultsThe Mayo formula yielded the highest mean eGFR (90±26 mL/min per 1.73m2) and chronic kidney disease-epidemiology collaboration (CKD-EPI) the lowest (76±24 mL/min per 1.73m2). Consequently, the Mayo formula classified more patients (56%) as having normal renal function. There was a significant and strong correlation between the values obtained from all five formulas using Cockcroft-Gault as the reference formula: Mayo: r=0.80, p<0.001; CKD-EPI: r=0.87, p<0.001; modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD): r=0.84, p<0.001; inulin clearance-based: r=0.99, p<0.001). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that decreased renal function is an independent predictor of 3-year mortality in all five formulas, with risk increasing by 15-25% for each 10-unit decrease in eGFR. Despite the similarities between the formulas, the ability to predict mortality was highest in the Mayo formula and lowest in MDRD.ConclusionsOur data suggest that the Mayo and CKD-EPI formulas may be superior to other formulas, including the widely used MDRD, in prognosticating mortality in CAD patients.
Analysis of Patient Access to Orphan Drugs in Turkey
Authors: KOÇKAYA GÜVENÇ , Atalay Sibel , Oguzhan Gulpembe , Kurnaz Mustafa , Okcun Selin , Gedik Cigdem Sar , Saylan Mete , Sencan Nazlı 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Rare diseases are life-threatening, serious, and chronic genetic conditions that require complex care and have a low prevalence. An estimated one in 15 people worldwide are affected by rare diseases. This study aims to analyze the accessibility, reimbursement status, licensed status, and Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes of drugs that the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in Turkey considers to be “orphan” pharmaceuticals. Methods: The drugs included in this analysis were obtained from the list of orphan drugs published by the EMA. Orphan drugs’ accessibility and licensing status in Turkey were obtained from the Health Implementation Communiqué published by the Social Security Institution (SGK) and the List of Abroad Active Substance and List of Licensed Products published by the Turkey Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (TİTCK). Descriptive analysis was applied to determine the accessibility status of orphan drugs identified by the EMA in Turkey.Results: Based on the EMA, 105 pharmaceuticals were approved with “orphan drug” status by January 2020. Of the 105 rare drugs on the EMA list, 34 were inaccessible in Turkey. Of the 71 available drugs, 23 (32%) were licensed and 48 (68%) were unlicensed in Turkey. Seventeen licensed products (74%) and 17 unlicensed products (35%) were covered by reimbursement. When orphan drugs’ ATC codes were examined, the most common ATC group was found to be “L –Antineoplastic and Immunomodulatory” agents.Conclusion: An orphan drug incentive policy is very important to ensure early access to the drugs used to treat rare diseases. It is obvious that such a policy must prepare for the regulation of orphan drugs in Turkey.
Guideline Adherence and Registry Recruitment of Congenital Primary Hypothyroidism: Data From the German Registry for Congenital Hypothyroidism (HypoDok)
Authors: Thomann Julia , Tittel Sascha R. , Voß Egbert , Oeverink Rudolf , Palm Katja , Fricke-Otto Susanne , Kapelari Klaus , Holl Reinhard W. , Woelfle Joachim , Bettendorf Markus 
Published: October 2020

Abstract

Background: Neonatal screening for congenital primary hypothyroidism (CH) is mandatory in Germany but medical care thereafter remains inconsistent. Therefore, the multicentre database HypoDok was analysed to evaluate the implementation of evidence-based guidelines in the care of children with CH and to assess the number of patients in this registry of the German society of paediatric endocrinology and diabetology (DGKED).Methods: HypoDok includes the prospective documentation of 1,630 patients with CH from 50 centres in Germany and Austria. Inclusion criteria were (i) date of birth between 10/2001 and 05/2020 and (ii) increased TSH at screening and/or confirmation. Parameters regarding diagnosis, therapy and follow-up were extracted. The number of registered patients was compared to the number in the report of the German Society for Neonatal Screening (DGNS). The cohort was divided into 2 groups, before (A) and after (B) guideline publication in 02/2011, to assess guideline’s influence on medical care.Results: 659 patients (62% female) were eligible and analysed as group A (n=327) and group B (n=332) representing 17.5% and 6.7% of CH patients identified in the German and Austrian neonatal screening program during the respective time period. Treatment start and thyroxin doses were similar in both groups and consistent with recommendations. Regular follow-ups were documented in both groups including five appointments in the first and three in the second year of life. Ultrasound of the thyroid gland was performed in 92.6% (A) and 92.1% (B) of the patients. In the first three years of life, 46.4% (A) and 40.0% (B) of the patients underwent audiometry, EQ/IQ testing was performed in 49.3% (A) and 24.8% (B) (p<0.01), respectively.Summary: While documentation of care for patients with CH by paediatric endocrinologists seems to be established, only a minority of all affected patients is included in HypoDok. Thus, the care and outcome of the majority of patients with CH remains uncertain. Therefore, comprehensive documentation as an important instrument of quality assurance and evidence-based medicine should be legally enforced and officially funded in order to record, comprehend and optimize care and outcome in patients with rare diseases such as CH, irrespective of treatment provider.
Effect of Endoscope Flexibility on Tissue Dissection Profile Assessed With Pulsed Water Jet Device: Ensuring Safety, Efficacy, and Handling of Thin Devices for Neuroendoscopic Surgery
Authors: Kusunoki Tetsuya , Kawaguchi Tomohiro , Nakagawa Atsuhiro , Noguchi Yuta , Osawa Shinichiro , Endo Hidenori , Endo Toshiki , Saito Ryuta , Kanamori Masayuki , Niizuma Kuniyasu , Tominaga Teiji 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objective: We developed an actuator-driven pulsed water jet device (ADPJ) for flexible neuroendoscopy to achieve effective tissue dissection with vasculature preservation. Although flexibility is a strong advantage for minimally invasiveness, the effect of the ductile curvature on the dissection profiles remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to clarify the impact of the curvature change of the ADPJ connecting tube on the dissection safety and efficacy.Results: Three ADPJ connecting tubes with different inner diameters (1.0, 0.75, 0.5 mm) were used to dissect the brain phantom. They were bent at 3 angles: 0 °, 60 °, and 120 °. The dissection profiles were evaluated using the mean depth and coefficient of variation (CV) for efficacy and safety, respectively.The larger inner diameter connecting tube dissected more deeply. The dissection depth was not changed regardless of the curvature degree in each tube. There was no significant difference in CVs regardless of inner diameter and curvature. The ductile curvature of the flexible neuroendoscope did not affect the efficacy and safety of the ADPJ dissection profile. Among the numerous instruments, tube-formed devices, including suction and injecting devices such as ADPJ, can be used safely and effectively without flexibility-related limitations.
Association of human leukocyte antigen groups with oral mucositis in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Tufan Ayse Nur , Oguz Fatma Savran , Tufan Fatih , Kekik Cigdem , Tarakci Fatma Bilgin , Sargin Deniz , Besisik Sevgi Kalayoglu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Oral mucositis (OM) after hematopoetic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) may lead to toxicity that impair quality of life. Associations between some diseases and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) groups have been long recognized. A genetic contribution as the association of HLA groups with OM after HSCT, has not been reported to date. We aimed to assess whether an association of HLA phenotype and OM after allogeneic HSCT exists.Methods: This was a prospective observational study in which OM was assessed with clinical questioning and examination. Association of OM with gender, age, HLA phenotypes, diagnosis, conditioning regimen, stem cell source, engraftment times, and complications was investigated.Results: 45 patients were enrolled. All the patients with HLA-B44 phenotype developed mild OM, while all patients with HLA-DR15 phenotype developed severe OM. HLA-A23, HLA-B21, HLA-B44, HLA-DR15, and HLA-DR11 were associated with shorter OM duration. HLA-A26 and HLA-B52 were associated with longer OM duration. Myeloablative conditioning regimen and longer duration of neutropenia were associated with longer OM duration. Regression analysis revealed HLA-B44 and HLA-DR11 as independent factors associated with milder OM.Conclusion: We identified that some HLA alleles correlated with OM severity and duration. These findings may facilitate predicting risk of morbidity and may provide incorporation of individualized preventive and treatment approaches.
voto religioso en Melilla
Authors: Idrobo Bedoya Luz Helena 
Published: October 2020

El voto religioso en España ha sido tradicionalmente relacionado con la iglesia católica. Sin embargo, en una sociedad cada día más multicultural el voto religioso también puede analizarse desde otras confesiones, como por ejemplo el islam. Así, la propuesta de esta reflexión es analizar mediante un estudio de caso cómo existe un voto religioso islámico en una ciudad autónoma de España, como lo es Melilla. De esta manera, se propone que a través de un análisis electoral se evidencie una división en el comportamiento político de Melilla en dos grandes bloques (católicos y musulmanes) en las elecciones generales del año 2019.
Palabras clave:
Voto Religioso, comportamiento político, elecciones, clivaje.