bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non–clinical efficacy, safety and stable clinical cell processing of induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived anti–glypican‐3 chimeric antigen receptor‐expressing natural killer/innate lymphoid cells
Authors: Ueda Tatsuki , Kumagai Ayako , Iriguchi Shoichi , Yasui Yutaka , Miyasaka Tadayo , Nakagoshi Kengo , Nakane Kazuki , Saito Keigo , Takahashi Mari , Sasaki Aki , Yoshida Shinsuke , Takasu Naoko , Seno Hiroshi , Uemura Yasushi , Tamada Koji , Nakatsura Tetsuya , Kaneko Shin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe use of allogeneic, pluripotent stem‐cell‐derived immune cells for cancer immunotherapy has been the subject of recent clinical trials. In Japan, investigator‐initiated clinical trials will soon begin for ovarian cancer treatment using human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐homozygous‐induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)‐derived anti–glypican‐3 (GPC3) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐expressing natural killer/innate lymphoid cells (NK/ILC). Using pluripotent stem cells as the source for allogeneic immune cells facilitates stringent quality control of the final product, in terms of efficacy, safety and producibility. In this paper, we describe our methods for the stable, feeder‐free production of CAR‐expressing NK/ILC cells from CAR‐transduced iPSC with clinically relevant scale and materials. The average number of cells that could be differentiated from 1.8‐3.6 × 106 iPSC within 7 weeks was 1.8‐4.0 × 109. These cells showed stable CD45/CD7/CAR expression, effector functions of cytotoxicity and interferon gamma (IFN‐γ) production against GPC3‐expressing tumor cells. When the CAR‐NK/ILC cells were injected into a GPC3‐positive, ovarian‐tumor‐bearing, immunodeficient mouse model, we observed a significant therapeutic effect that prolonged the survival of the animals. When the cells were injected into immunodeficient mice during non–clinical safety tests, no acute systemic toxicity or tumorigenicity of the final product or residual iPSC was observed. In addition, our test results for the CAR‐NK/ILC cells generated with clinical manufacturing standards are encouraging, and these methods should accelerate the development of allogeneic pluripotent stem cell‐based immune cell cancer therapies.
Moderate renal impairment does not preclude the accuracy of 24‐hour urine normetanephrine measurements for suspected pheochromoctyoma
Authors: Kline Gregory A. , Boyd Jessica , Leung Alex A. , Tang Andrew , Sadrzadeh Hossein M. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveA 24‐hour urine nor/metanephrine (urine NM‐MN) measurements are a recommended first step in pheochromocytoma diagnosis. We hypothesized the presence of renal impairment (CKD) significantly confounds the results obtained in a urine NM‐MN collection, giving artificially lower measurements.DesignRetrospective review of a comprehensive laboratory database with all urine NM‐MN results from Southern Alberta from 2010 to 2018 (n = 15 505). After excluding high probability pheochromocytoma cases, results from patients with three levels of CKD (n = 796) were compared to those without CKD to determine the potential CKD effect.PatientsAll patients having urine NM‐MN collection during the time period, irrespective of ordering physician or test indication.MeasurementsUrine NM‐MN was measured by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry and glomerular filtration rate determined within a median of 1.9 days, as estimated by CKD‐EPI equation.ResultsIn subjects with mild‐to‐moderate renal impairment, there was no continuous gradient between subnormal renal function and urine NM‐MN measures. When the estimated GFR was < 15 mL/min/m2, the hypothesized effect on lowered urine NM‐MN became apparent.ConclusionsA 24‐hour urine NM‐MN measurement is unlikely to be affected by mild‐to‐moderate renal impairment and may be used as a reliable diagnostic test. With more advanced renal impairment, CKD‐specific reference ranges or an alternative test may be needed.
Keeping children safe? Advancing social care assessments to address harmful sexual behaviour in schools
Authors: Lloyd Jenny , Walker Joanne , Firmin Carlene 
Published: March 2020

AbstractInternational evidence suggests that schools are locations where systems, practices, and cultures can enable harmful sexual behaviours. However, in England, welfare assessments primarily used by statutory social services largely target young people and their families, with limited capacity to assess environments beyond the home. Where young people display harmful sexual behaviours within educational settings, social care systems are yet to assess the factors within schools that may accelerate risks associated with harmful sexual behaviours. This exploratory article presents evidence on the opportunities for school assessment using cumulative learning from two studies. The first investigated enablers and barriers to addressing harmful sexual behaviour in schools. The second employed the learning from the first through an action research study to develop school context assessments within a child protection system. Both studies employed a mixed‐methods approach including observations, case review, focus groups, surveys, and policy reviews to access data. Synthesized findings highlight the value of exploring school contexts when assessing the nature of extrafamilial abuse; the opportunities and challenges of utilizing research methods for assessing school environments; and the role new assessment frameworks could play in supporting the inclusion of school contexts, and research methods, into welfare assessments of extrafamilial abuse.
Peripheral compound odontoma: A rare case report and literature review
Authors: da Silva Rocha Ondina Karla Mousinho , da Silva Barros Caio César , da Silva Luiz Arthur Barbosa , de Souza Júnior Erasmo Freitas , de Morais Hécio Henrique Araújo , da Costa Miguel Márcia Cristina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPeripheral odontoma is a very rare odontogenic hamartoma arising in soft tissues. Here, we report a case of peripheral odontoma in a pediatric patient and review the cases published in the literature. An 11‐year‐old male patient presented a nodular lesion in the anterior region of the palate for over 1 year. Under the clinical hypothesis of fibroma, an excisional biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of tooth‐like structures, formed by enamel, and dentin matrix, occasionally associated with the dental papilla and surrounding pulp tissue, thus, the histopathological diagnosis of peripheral odontoma was established. The patient has been undergoing follow‐up for 6 months without any signs of lesion recurrence. Peripheral odontomas are uncommon lesions that usually affect young patients and display a preference for the maxilla and limited growth potential. The recognition of the clinical and histopathological features of the peripheral odontoma is indispensable for the establishment of its diagnosis.
Posthumanist Perspectives on Racialized Life and Human Difference Pedagogy
Authors: Mikulan Petra , Rudder Adam 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis discussion begins from the speculation that evaluating formulations of life has become one of the leading prerogatives of “novel” turns to matter, materiality, and the posthuman. However, moving with the Other (rather than simply representing them) has proven a difficult task for scholars in education concerned with decolonizing pedagogies by critiquing epistemological and ontological regimes of power disengaged from the interrogation of the metaphysics of race and sex at the center of Western metaphysical foundations of thought. There is an ongoing need for sustained engagement with the assumption of human primacy that runs through the nearly ubiquitous assertions of what Claire Colebrook calls active vitalism, which is characteristic of humanist approaches to education. In other words, the new conceptualizations of posthumanism only rarely challenge the lingering humanist concept of life itself. In this article, Petra Mikulan and Adam Rudder argue that posthumanist and neo‐vitalist materialist approaches to ontology must consider that racism is vitalist in the active sense because it begins with bodies (as bounded organisms always autopoetic and self‐proximate) and that vitalism is racist because it then distributes and discriminates racialized bodies according to their function as parts in a whole.
The role of key workers in improving physical health in first episode psychosis: A scoping review
Authors: Lim Jayleigh , McCombe Geoff , Harrold Aine , Brown Katherine , Clarke Mary , Hanlon David , Hennessy Liam , O'Brien Sinead , Lyne John , Corcoran Ciaran , McGorry Patrick , Cullen Walter 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAimStudies have demonstrated that a majority of the decline in health status and functioning emerges during the first few years following the onset of psychosis. This knowledge led to the development of specialized early intervention services (EIS) targeting patients experiencing their first episode of psychosis (FEP). The central component of EIS is often assertive case management delivered by a multidisciplinary team, where an appointed key worker is responsible for coordinating treatment and delivering various psychosocial interventions to service users. The aim of this scoping review was to examine how key workers can enhance the physical health outcomes in people with FEP by addressing the factors associated with increased mortality in this population.MethodsThe scoping review framework comprised a five‐stage process developed by Arksey and O'Malley. The search process was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses.ResultsA total of 27 studies conducted across 10 countries were analysed. These studies discussed the various ways in which key workers can mediate enhancements in the various factors contributing to the increased mortality rates in FEP patients.ConclusionsA broad range of key worker‐mediated outcomes was identified, which were broadly classified into three themes: influences on lifestyle, influences on effects of psychosis and influences on organizational barriers. Our findings suggest that key workers primarily mediated the amelioration of psychosis‐induced effects and the reduction of organizational barriers. Further trials of key worker interventions to enhance physical health outcomes in this cohort are warranted.
Storm impacts on phytoplankton community dynamics in lakes
Authors: Stockwell Jason D. , Doubek Jonathan P. , Adrian Rita , Anneville Orlane , Carey Cayelan C. , Carvalho Laurence , De Senerpont Domis Lisette N. , Dur Gaël , Frassl Marieke A. , Grossart Hans‐Peter , Ibelings Bas W. , Lajeunesse Marc J. , Lewandowska Aleksandra M. , Llames María E. , Matsuzaki Shin‐Ichiro S. , Nodine Emily R. , Nõges Peeter , Patil Vijay P. , Pomati Francesco , Rinke Karsten , Rudstam Lars G. , Rusak James A. , Salmaso Nico , Seltmann Christian T. , Straile Dietmar , Thackeray Stephen J. , Thiery Wim , Urrutia‐Cordero Pablo , Venail Patrick , Verburg Piet , Woolway R. Iestyn , Zohary Tamar , Andersen Mikkel R. , Bhattacharya Ruchi , Hejzlar Josef , Janatian Nasime , Kpodonu Alfred T. N. K. , Williamson Tanner J. , Wilson Harriet L. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn many regions across the globe, extreme weather events such as storms have increased in frequency, intensity, and duration due to climate change. Ecological theory predicts that such extreme events should have large impacts on ecosystem structure and function. High winds and precipitation associated with storms can affect lakes via short‐term runoff events from watersheds and physical mixing of the water column. In addition, lakes connected to rivers and streams will also experience flushing due to high flow rates. Although we have a well‐developed understanding of how wind and precipitation events can alter lake physical processes and some aspects of biogeochemical cycling, our mechanistic understanding of the emergent responses of phytoplankton communities is poor. Here we provide a comprehensive synthesis that identifies how storms interact with lake and watershed attributes and their antecedent conditions to generate changes in lake physical and chemical environments. Such changes can restructure phytoplankton communities and their dynamics, as well as result in altered ecological function (e.g., carbon, nutrient and energy cycling) in the short‐ and long‐term. We summarize the current understanding of storm‐induced phytoplankton dynamics, identify knowledge gaps with a systematic review of the literature, and suggest future research directions across a gradient of lake types and environmental conditions.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial esophageal neoplasms in elderly patients: A single‐center, large‐scale, retrospective study
Authors: Noh Jin Hee , Gong Eun Jeong , Kim Do Hoon , Na Hee Kyong , Ahn Ji Yong , Lee Jeong Hoon , Jung Kee Wook , Choi Kee Don , Song Ho June , Lee Gin Hyug , Jung Hwoon‐Yong 
Published: March 2020

AimThe number of elderly patients with superficial esophageal neoplasms has steadily increased, but few studies have focused on the clinical outcomes of esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection in these patients. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection among elderly patients with superficial esophageal neoplasms.MethodsPatients who underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial esophageal neoplasms between December 2005 and December 2017 were eligible. The patients were divided into two groups according to age: Not‐old (<75 years, n = 369) and Old (≥75 years, n = 44). Clinical features and treatment outcomes were retrospectively investigated by reviewing medical records.ResultsIn total, 413 patients with 459 lesions were enrolled in to this study. Comorbidities, except for a previous history of malignancy, were not significantly different between the two groups. Procedure‐related characteristics and the rate of adverse events were similar in the two groups. During a median follow‐up period of 33.4 months, the overall survival rate was lower in the Old group (P = 0.046), and the cumulative recurrence rate did not differ significantly between the two groups (P = 0.334).ConclusionBased on these favorable outcomes, endoscopic submucosal dissection is as feasible and effective for the treatment of superficial esophageal neoplasms among elderly patients as it is among non‐elderly patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 430–435.
Integrated photonic materials for the mid‐infrared
Authors: Yadav Anupama , Agarwal Anuradha Murthy 
Published: March 2020

AbstractWhile silicon photonic integrated circuits for the near‐infrared (IR) telecommunication band have attracted great research interest in the past decade, recent advances offer opportunities to extend the operational wavelength to the mid‐IR (2.5‐20 μm) for free space communications, sensing, environmental monitoring and much more. In this study, we will comprehensively review the current status of materials available for mid‐IR waveguides and waveguide integrated photodetectors, with a few application oriented examples to illustrate the technological importance and significant growth opportunity for integrated photonics in the mid‐IR regime. However, this wavelength regime also presents new material design and fabrication challenges. Therefore, we will discuss the critical issues prior to commercialization and will briefly summarize the outlook on future research topics along with opportunities.
Speculations on the evolution of humoral adaptive immunity
Authors: Horton Miles B , Hawkins Edwin D , Heinzel Susanne , Hodgkin Philip D 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe protection of a multicellular organism from infection, at both cell and humoral levels, has been a tremendous driver of gene selection and cellular response strategies. Here we focus on a critical event in the development of humoral immunity: The transition from principally innate responses to a system of adaptive cell selection, with all the attendant mechanical problems that must be solved in order for it to work effectively. Here we review recent advances, but our major goal is to highlight that the development of adaptive immunity resulted from the adoption, reuse and repurposing of an ancient, autonomous cellular program that combines and exploits three titratable cellular fate timers. We illustrate how this common cell machinery recurs and appears throughout biology, and has been essential for the evolution of complex organisms, at many levels of scale.
Influence of human wound exudate on the bactericidal efficacy of antiseptic agents in quantitative suspension tests on the basis of European Standards (DIN EN 13727)
Authors: Radischat Nadine , Augustin Matthias , Herberger Katharina , Wille Andreas , Goroncy‐Bermes Peter 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe antimicrobial efficacy of antiseptics used in wound management is tested in vitro under standardised conditions according to DIN EN 13727, with albumin and sheep erythrocytes used as organic challenge. However, these testing conditions do not adequately simulate the wound bed environment. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of different antiseptics such as octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT), chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), and povidone‐iodine under challenge with human wound exudate instead of standardised organic load in an in vitro setting according to DIN EN 13727. Moreover, protein contents, pH, and temperature were compared with standardised testing conditions. The tested antiseptic agents were reduced to different extents based on their bactericidal efficacy, when challenged with human wound exudate compared with standardised conditions. Overall, 0.10% OCT showed the highest effects reaching full efficacy after 30 seconds. CHX and PHMB were the least efficient. Next to the protein content, other components of wound exudate, such as the microflora, seem to influence the efficacy of antiseptics. In summary, the optimisation of in vitro testing conditions in future applications, to more adequately simulate the wound bed environment, will allow a more realistic picture on the potential performance of antiseptics in clinical practice.
No More Babies without Help for Whom? Education, Division of Labor, and Fertility Intentions
Authors: Cheng Yen‐hsin Alice , Hsu Chen‐Hao 
Published: March 2020

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines whether the impact of husbands' involvement in childcare and housework on wives' fertility intentions varies by wives' education in Taiwan.BackgroundRecent research has pointed to the positive influence of a more egalitarian division of labor on wives' fertility intentions, yet existing literature often fails to examine educational variations in such linkages.MethodThis paper analyzed reports of time spent on domestic work (i.e., housework and childcare) for both spouses in the 2016 Women's Marriage, Fertility, and Employment Survey. The analytical sample included all married respondents with at least one child. Regression models and counterfactual analyses were adopted.ResultsThe findings showed that husbands of tertiary‐educated wives shared more housework and childcare. Furthermore, wives' fertility intentions beyond parity‐one increased with more input from husbands in helping with childcare, but not housework sharing. This positive childcare‐sharing effect was particularly salient among tertiary‐educated wives—who tended to be more economically empowered and to have higher expectations for gender equality at home. Finally, counterfactual analyses using a propensity score matching method indicated that non‐tertiary‐educated wives would not increase their fertility intentions even if they had received more help from husbands.ConclusionSuch educational variations have been little explored in past theory and research. Pro‐natalist policies aiming to boost fertility will likely attain optimal effectiveness if different combinations of parental‐leave and financial aid packages are offered to women with varying education. This study also contributes to the limited research on how division of labor affects fertility intentions in East Asia.
Prosthodontic Resident Selection by Postdoctoral Dental Matching Program: A National Survey by Participating Program Director
Authors: Lee Damian J. , Yuan Judy Chia‐Chun , Zheng Fengyuan , Wee Alvin G. , Caradine‐Poinsett Linda , Tuminelli Frank J. , Sukotjo Cortino 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to obtain information about the resident selection and Match process that occurred for the Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA)‐accredited Advanced Education in Prosthodontics program in North America from the program directors’ perspective, after the first year of implementation.Materials and MethodsThe list of Advanced Education in Prosthodontics program in CODA‐accredited North American institutions was obtained from the ACP central office, and the directors of each program were identified. The surveys were distributed to 48 program directors online and results were compiled.ResultsOut of 48 programs, 43 directors responded to and completed the survey (90.0%), where 35 programs participated in the Match process, 5 did not, and 3 were omitted due to incomplete surveys. While the majority of programs did not see any changes in their applicant pool or their quality, 10 programs (25.0%) observed a number of increases in the application and 13 programs (32.5%) observed an increase in the quality of the applications. Among the 35 programs that participated in the Match process, the main reasons for their participation were “fairness” (48.2%), “did not want to keep moving up interview dates” (23.2%), and “have applicants come to interview as planned” (21.4%). Thirty‐three programs reported that 75% to 100% of the invited applicants came to the interview (76.7%). The majority of programs that participated in Match expressed satisfaction with the process (29/33, 80.6%). Sixteen programs (45.7%) reported that they matched with 100% of their first selections.ConclusionOverall response of reintroduction of the Match process for advanced prosthodontic resident selection was very positive for majority of the program directors.