bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Crosstalk between MicroRNAs and Gibberellin Signaling in Plants
Authors: Yu Sha , Wang Jia-Wei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Gibberellin (GA) is an integral phytohormone that plays prominent roles in controlling seed germination, stem elongation, leaf development and floral induction. It has been shown that GA regulates these diverse biological processes mainly through overcoming the suppressive effects of the DELLA proteins, a family of nuclear repressors of GA response. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which have been identified as master regulators of gene expression in eukaryotes, are also involved in a wide range of plant developmental events through the repression of their target genes. The pathways of GA biosynthesis and signaling, as well as the pathways of miRNA biogenesis and regulation, have been profoundly delineated in the past several decades. Growing evidence has shown that miRNAs and GAs are coordinated in regulating plant development, as several components in GA pathways are targeted by miRNAs, and GAs also regulate the expression of miRNAs or their target genes vice versa. Here, we review the recent advances in our understanding of the molecular connections between miRNAs and GA, with an emphasis on the two miRNAs, miR156 and miR159.
Stability, Strategy-Proofness, and Cumulative Offer Mechanisms
Authors: Hatfield John William , Kominers Scott Duke , Westkamp Alexander 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We characterize when a stable and strategy-proof mechanism is guaranteed to exist in the setting of many-to-one matching with contracts. We introduce three novel conditions—observable substitutability, observable size monotonicity, and non-manipulability via contractual terms—and show that when these conditions are satisfied, the cumulative offer mechanism is the unique mechanism that is stable and strategy-proof (for workers). Moreover, we show that our three conditions are, in a sense, necessary: if the choice function of some firm fails any of our three conditions, we can construct unit-demand choice functions for the other firms such that no stable and strategy-proof mechanism exists. Thus, our results provide a rationale for the ubiquity of cumulative offer mechanisms in practice.
Baricitinib improves respiratory function in patients treated with corticosteroids for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: an observational cohort study
Authors: Rodriguez-Garcia Jose Luis , Sanchez-Nievas Gines , Arevalo-Serrano Juan , Garcia-Gomez Cristina , Jimenez-Vizuete Jose Maria , Martinez-Alfaro Elisa 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObjectivesThe Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor baricitinib may block viral entry into pneumocytes and prevent cytokine storm in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. We aimed to assess whether baricitinib improved pulmonary function in patients treated with high-dose corticosteroids for moderate to severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.MethodsThis observational study enrolled patients with moderate to severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia [arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2)/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) &lt;200 mmHg] who received lopinavir/ritonavir and HCQ plus either corticosteroids (CS group, n = 50) or corticosteroids and baricitinib (BCT-CS group, n = 62). The primary end point was the change in oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2)/FiO2 from hospitalization to discharge. Secondary end points included the proportion of patients requiring supplemental oxygen at discharge and 1 month later. Statistics were adjusted by the inverse propensity score weighting (IPSW).ResultsA greater improvement in SpO2/FiO2 from hospitalization to discharge was observed in the BCT-CS vs CS group (mean differences adjusted for IPSW, 49; 95% CI: 22, 77; P &lt; 0.001). A higher proportion of patients required supplemental oxygen both at discharge (62.0% vs 25.8%; reduction of the risk by 82%, OR adjusted for IPSW, 0.18; 95% CI: 0.08, 0.43; P &lt; 0.001) and 1 month later (28.0% vs 12.9%, reduction of the risk by 69%, OR adjusted for IPSW, 0.31; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.86; P = 0.024) in the CS vs BCT-CS group.Conclusions. In patients with moderate to severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia a combination of baricitinib with corticosteroids was associated with greater improvement in pulmonary function when compared with corticosteroids alone.Trial registrationEuropean Network of Centres for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance, ENCEPP (EUPAS34966, http://www.encepp.eu/encepp/viewResource.htm? id = 34967)
Baseline Cortical Thickness Reductions in Clinical High Risk for Psychosis: Brain Regions Associated with Conversion to Psychosis Versus Non-Conversion as Assessed at One-Year Follow-Up in the Shanghai-At-Risk-for-Psychosis (SHARP) Study
Authors: Del Re Elisabetta C , Stone William S , Bouix Sylvain , Seitz Johanna , Zeng Victor , Guliano Anthony , Somes Nathaniel , Zhang Tianhong , Reid Benjamin , Lyall Amanda , Lyons Monica , Li Huijun , Whitfield-Gabrieli Susan , Keshavan Matcheri , Seidman Larry J , McCarley Robert W , Wang Jijun , Tang Yingying , Shenton Martha E , Niznikiewicz Margaret A 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Objective
To assess cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) of frontal, temporal, and parietal brain regions in a large clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR) sample, and to identify cortical brain abnormalities in CHR who convert to psychosis and in the whole CHR sample, compared with the healthy controls (HC).

Methods
Magnetic resonance imaging, clinical, and cognitive data were acquired at baseline in 92 HC, 130 non-converters, and 22 converters (conversion assessed at 1-year follow-up). CT and SA at baseline were calculated for frontal, temporal, and parietal subregions. Correlations between regions showing group differences and clinical scores and age were also obtained.

Results
CT but not SA was significantly reduced in CHR compared with HC. Two patterns of findings emerged: (1) In converters, CT was significantly reduced relative to non-converters and controls in the banks of superior temporal sulcus, Heschl’s gyrus, and pars triangularis and (2) CT in the inferior parietal and supramarginal gyrus, and at trend level in the pars opercularis, fusiform, and middle temporal gyri was significantly reduced in all high-risk individuals compared with HC. Additionally, reduced CT correlated significantly with older age in HC and in non-converters but not in converters.

Conclusions
These results show for the first time that fronto-temporo-parietal abnormalities characterized all CHR, that is, both converters and non-converters, relative to HC, while CT abnormalities in converters relative to CHR-NC and HC were found in core auditory and language processing regions.
Differences in carbon and nitrogen metabolism between male and female Populus cathayana in response to deficient nitrogen
Authors: Wu Xiaoyi , Liu Jiantong , Meng Qiqi , Fang Shiyan , Kang Jieyu , Guo Qingxue 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Sexual dimorphism occurs regarding carbon and nitrogen metabolic processes in response to nitrogen supply. Differences in fixation and remobilization of carbon and allocation and assimilation of nitrogen between sexes may differ under severe defoliation. The dioecious species Populus cathayana was studied after two defoliation treatments with two N levels. Males had a higher capacity of carbon fixation because of higher gas exchange and fluorescence traits of leaves after severe long-term defoliation under deficient N. Males had higher leaf abscisic acid, stomatal conductance and leaf sucrose phosphate synthase activity increasing transport of sucrose to sinks. Males had a higher carbon sink than females, because under N-deficient conditions, males accumulated &gt;131.10% and 90.65% root starch than males in the control, whereas females accumulated &gt;40.55% and 52.81%, respectively, than females in the control group. Males allocated less non-protein N (NNon-p) to leaves, having higher nitrogen use efficiency (photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency), higher glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and higher leaf GDH expression, even after long-term severe defoliation under deficient N. Females had higher leaf jasmonic acid concentration and NNon-p. The present study suggested that females allocated more carbon and nitrogen to defense chemicals than males after long-term severe defoliation under deficient N.
Iliac vein stent migration with extensive cardiac damage in a patient with May-Thurner syndrome
Authors: Regan Daniel , Mistrot Sarah , Anderson Curtis , Kypson Alan 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
In May-Thurner syndrome, or iliac vein compression syndrome, the left common iliac vein is compressed between the right common iliac artery and corresponding vertebral body, increasing patient risk for deep vein thrombosis. Iliac vein stenting for patients with symptomatic May-Thurner syndrome has become standard practice in many centers. This article describes a patient whose stent embolized completely to the right ventricle, destroying most structures in its path.
Necrotizing fasciitis
Authors: Chen Leon L. , Fasolka Brian , Treacy Caitlin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract:
Necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs) are rare but rapidly progressive, life-threatening bacterial infections with high morbidity and mortality. NSTIs include necrotizing forms of fasciitis, myositis, and cellulitis. This article focuses on necrotizing fasciitis (NF) and discusses NF classifications, clinical features, diagnostic approaches, evidence-based treatments, and nursing interventions.
Repurposing a Neurocritical Care Unit for the Management of Severely Ill Patients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Evaluation
Authors: Raith Eamon P. , Luoma Astri M.V. , Earl Mark , Dalal Meera , Fairley Sandra , Fox Felicity , Hunt Katharine , Willett Charlotte , Reddy Ugan 
Published: August 2020

Background:
The World Health Organisation declared a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on March 11, 2020. Following activation of the UK pandemic response, our institution began planning for admission of COVID-19 patients to the neurointensive care unit (neuro-ICU) to support the local critical care network which risked being rapidly overwhelmed by the high number of cases. This report will detail our experience of repurposing a neuro-ICU for the management of severely ill patients with COVID-19 while retaining capacity for urgent neurosurgical and neurology admissions.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective process analysis of the repurposing of a quaternary level neuro-ICU during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. We retrieved demographic data, diagnosis, and outcomes from the electronic health care records of all patients admitted to the ICU between March 1, 2020 and April 30, 2020. Processes for increase in surge capacity, reduction in ICU demand, and staff redeployment and rapid training are reported.

Results:
Over a 10-day period, total ICU capacity was increased by 21.7% (from 23 to 28 beds) while the capacity to provide mechanical ventilation was increased by 77% (from 13 to 23 beds). There were 30 ICU admissions of 29 COVID-19 patients between March 1 and April 30, 2020; median (range) length of ICU stay was 9.9 (1.3 to 32) days, duration of mechanical ventilation 11 (1 to 27) days, and ICU mortality rate 41.4%. There was a 44% reduction in urgent neurosurgical and neurology admissions compared with the same period in 2019.

Conclusions:
It is possible to repurpose a dedicated neuro-ICU for the management of critically ill non-neurological patients during a pandemic response, while maintaining access for urgent neuroscience referrals.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Burnout Among Chinese Pediatric Orthopedic Surgeons
Authors: Liang Sicong , Zhou Weizheng , Zhao Qun , Li Lianyong 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Burnout is an occupational hazard among Chinese pediatric orthopedists, characterized by extreme physical and emotional exhaustion, and reduced professional efficacy; however, it has yet to be studied among this group of professionals in China. Our study aimed to assess the levels of burnout in Chinese pediatric orthopedists, and to identify the potential risk factors for burnout.

Methods:
A 32-question, anonymous, cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to September 2019. Overall, 1392 Chinese pediatric orthopedists participated in the survey.

Results:
Seven hundred valid questionnaires (50.3% response rate) were retrieved from 387 (55.3%) and 313 (44.7%) full-time and part-time pediatric orthopedists, respectively. Overall, 73.7% of the participants experienced burnout, of which 64.7% and 9.0% had some and severe burnout symptoms, respectively. The burnout levels significantly differed based on age (P=0.005), years in service (P=0.006), professional rank (P=0.03), weekly working hours (P<0.001), and monthly income (P=0.03). A binary logistic regression model showed that longer weekly working hours (adjusted odds ratio=1.29, 95% confidence interval: 1.09-1.52, P=0.004) was a risk factor for burnout, while higher monthly income (adjusted odds ratio=0.78, 95% confidence interval: 0.64 to 0.95, P=0.02) was protective against burnout, suggesting that younger pediatric orthopedists were more susceptible. No significant difference between full-time and part-time pediatric orthopedists or between sexes was detected in the adjusted analysis.

Conclusions:
Chinese pediatric orthopedists have a relatively high rate of burnout. Younger pediatric orthopedists have a greater chance of experiencing burnout. These results highlight the need for further policies, especially focused on younger pediatric orthopedists, to assist in better developing Chinese pediatric orthopedics.

Level of Evidence:
Level: IV.
Ambulatory blood pressure variability and combined exercise training: comparison between hypertensive and normotensive postmenopausal women
Authors: Mariano Igor Moraes , Dechichi Juliene Gonçalves Costa , Matias Larissa Aparecida Santos , Rodrigues Mateus de Lima , Batista Jaqueline Pontes , de Souza Tállita Cristina Ferreira , Amaral Ana Luiza , Carrijo Victor Hugo Vilarinho , Puga Guilherme Morais 
Published: August 2020

Aim
The aim of the study was to verify the effects of moderate combined aerobic and resistance exercises training in ambulatory blood pressure (ABPM) and its variability in hypertensive and normotensive postmenopausal women.

Methods
Twenty-six participants were divided into two groups: hypertensive (HT = 13) and normotensive (NT = 13). They performed 30 sessions of combined exercises (aerobic and resistance exercises at same session) over 10 weeks. We evaluated: resting BP and 24-h ABPM with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean blood pressure (MBP), and heart rate (HR). To evaluate blood pressure variability (BPV), the following were considered: 24-h SD (SD24), the mean diurnal and nocturnal deviations (SDdn), average real variability (ARV24).

Results
The two-way analysis of variance showed no difference in ABPM nor BPV responses after training between groups. Both HT and NT groups had similar BP reductions in 24-h DBP (P < 0.01; ΔNT = –3.1 ± 1.1, ΔHT = –1.8 ± 1.2 mmHg), 24-h area under the curve of DBP (P = 0.01; ΔNT = –73±105, ΔHT = –44 ± 115 mmHg), and wake DBP (P < 0.01; ΔNT = –3.4 ± 1.2, ΔHT = –1.8 ± 1.3 mmHg), without differences in BPV responses. Moreover, HT women had higher overall SBP SDdn (P = 0.01), SBP ARV (P = 0.02), and MBP ARV (P < 0.01) than NT women.

Conclusion
Ten-week combined exercise training resulted in similar BP reductions in hypertensive and normotensive postmenopausal women, but not in BPV responses.
Diffuse telangiectasia of the colon
Authors: Li Jun-An , Zhong Li-Li , Li Bo , Jiang Dong-Qiang , Zhao Yin-Long 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Rationale:
Colonic telangiectasia, also known as colonic angiodysplasia, refers to arteriovenous malformations that occur in the colon, which are common vascular lesions in the GI tract.

Patient concerns:
We report a patient, who was admitted to our hospital for colonoscopy.

Diagnoses:
Under a microscope, all the segments of the whole colon and the varicose veins showed multiple flaky spider-like telangiectasia changes. The blood vessels were radially distributed and converged in the center. The largest blood vessel was about 10 mm in diameter and had a smooth surface with no ulcers, erosion, or bleeding.

Interventions:
It was recommended that the patient undergo a capsule endoscopy to examine small intestine.

Outcomes:
The patient did not agree to endoscopy for personal reasons. During the follow-up half a year later, the patient had no melena with normal range of hemoglobin and red blood cell counts. The fecal occult blood test came out negative.

Lessons:
While the etiology of colonic telangiectasia remains unclear, it is common in the elderly, and is more associated with geriatric conditions and diseases, especially atherosclerotic diseases. Patients who are diagnosed with colonic telangiectasia but are asymptomatic, do not need further treatment. It is usually recommended to monitor the color of stool and check the hemoglobin and fecal occult blood regularly. Colonoscopy is the main method of diagnosis of colonic telangiectasia, and the positive rate is greater than 90%. This procedure should be performed when there is no bleeding or a small amount of bleeding.
The relationship between pistachio (Pistacia vera L) intake and adiposity
Authors: Xia Ke , Yang Ting , An Li-Ya , Lin Yue-Ying , Qi Yu-Xing , Chen Xiong-Zhi , Sun Da-Li 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review to comprehensively evaluate the relationship between pistachio intake and obesity.

Methods:
We searched 6 databases and acquired parameters from randomized controlled trials regarding obesity, including body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference. A fixed-effect model was applied to the meta-analysis for the weighted mean difference (WMD) between a diet with pistachios and a control diet.

Results:
Eleven trials including a total of 1593 subjects met the inclusion criteria. Compared to the group on a control diet, the pistachio diet group showed lower BMI values (WMD: −0.18 kg/m2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.26, −0.11 kg/m2; I
2 = 29.8%) and no differences in body weight (WMD: −0.22 kg; 95% CI: −0.50, 0.07 kg; I
2 = 0.0%) or waist circumference (WMD: 0.76 cm; 95% CI: −0.11, 1.63 cm; I
2 = 7.0%).

Conclusion:
A diet with pistachios reduced BMI and had no significant effects on body weight and waist circumference.
Gastrointestinal endoscopy nurse assistance during colonoscopy and polyp detection
Authors: Liu Aihong , Wang Huashe , Lin Yijia , Fu Liping , Liu Yanan , Yan Shuhong , Chen Honglei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
Previous studies showed difference results about the effect of nurse in improvement of the colonoscopy detection rate. This meta-analysis aims to investigate whether nurse participation during colonoscopy can help in improving the detection rate of polyps and adenomas.

Methods:
Original studies in English were searched from the MEDLINE database, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library database. Randomized control trials (RCT) comparing colonoscopy with and without nurse participation for the detection of colorectal polyps and adenomas were identified. A meta-analysis was performed using Revman 5.3 software.

Results:
A total of 2268 patients from 4 RCTs were included in this meta-analysis. Outcomes of colonoscopy with nurse participation were compared with those of colonoscopy without nurse participation. The results showed that nurses’ participation during colonoscopy could significantly increase both, polyp detection rate and adenoma detection rate.

Conclusion:
Nurse assistance during colonoscopy can help improve the rate of detection of polyps and adenomas.
Effect of non-invasive brain stimulation on neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury
Authors: Shen Zhubin , Li Zhongrun , Ke Junran , He Changhao , Liu Zhiming , Zhang Din , Zhang Zhili , Li Anpei , Yang Shuang , Li Xiaolong , Li Ran , Zhao Kunchi , Ruan Qing , Du Haiying , Guo Li , Yin Fei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background:
In recent years, some studies indicated that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) could relieve neuropathic pain (NP) following a spinal cord injury (SCI), whereas some studies showed no pain relief effect. In addition, some studies showed the analgesic effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on NP post SCI, whereas other studies showed no effect.

Methods:
We systematically searched on the PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Medline, Google Scholar for studies exploring the analgesic effect of rTMS or tDCS on NP post SCI until November 2019. Meta-analysis was conducted to summarize results of these studies.

Results:
The present quantitative meta-analysis indicated no significant difference in the effect of treatment on NP following SCI between rTMS and sham rTMS over the motor cortex at about 1 week after the end of the rTMS period (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 2.89, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.27 to 6.04). However, the study indicated that rTMS showed significantly better pain relief of treatment compared with sham rTMS between 2 and 6 weeks after the end of the rTMS period (SMD = 3.81, 95%CI: 0.80–7.52). However, no sufficient evidence could be provided to make a meta-analysis for the analgesic effect of tDCS on NP following SCI over the primary motor area (M1).

Conclusions:
In conclusion, the present meta-analysis suggested that rTMS did not show early analgesic effect on NP after SCI, but showed better middle-term analgesic effect, compared with sham rTMS. More large scale, blinded randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were needed to explore the analgesic effect of rTMS and tDCS on NP following SCI.
Traumatic vertebral fractures involve the anterior end plate more than the posterior end plate
Authors: Wang Xiaorong , Xu Feirong , Fu Yuan , Chen Huanhuan , Gao Xiang , Huang Qiuli 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Traumatic end plate fractures (EPFs) refers to the EPF caused by trauma, rather than the pathological status of the end plate (EP). However, some old traumatic EPFs may be mistaken as osteoporotic in the elderly. The objective of this study is to describe the radiological features of traumatic EPF in different traumatic fracture type patients presenting in the Emergency department setting. And to compare the result with osteoporotic vertebral fracture (VF).
This study retrospectively analyzed the anatomical location of acute thoracolumbar vertebral traumatic EPFs in males (age≤55 years) and females (age≤50 years). The anatomic distribution of EPFs, the anterior and posterior wall fracture were analyzed in patients, who were scanned with 1 or more of the following methods: radiography, CT, and magnetic resonance imaging.
There were 194 cases of acute spine trauma involving at least 1 EPF, including 118 males and 76 females. The involved vertebra was mostly at L1 (29.7%), followed by T12 (18.3%), and then by L2 (12.9%). Excluding those with both upper and lower EP involvements, the ratio of superior EPF to inferior EPF was 33.5 for males and 45.5 for females. With the EP divided into 5 segments of equal length in the anteroposterior direction in different fracture types, fractures occurred mostly at a2 segment (71.48% for superior EPs and 7.60% for inferior EPs), followed by a1 segment (66.16% for superior EPs). The upper third of the anterior and posterior walls were most prone to fracture in traumatic vertebral fracture.
Traumatic EPFs more likely involve the anterior EP more than the posterior EP and is correlated with fracture type. These characteristics may help radiologist differential diagnosis between traumatic and osteoporotic EPF.