bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Key components of successful transition for adolescents born with anorectal malformations–a Nordic focus group study
Authors: Tofft Louise , Hoel Anders Telle , Håkansson Carita , Zawadzki Antoni , Gjone Helene , Øresland Tom , Bjørnland Kristin , Stenström Pernilla 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Transitional care for adolescents with congenital malformations, such as anorectal malformations (ARM), is described sparsely in the literature and referred to as being inadequate. In order to organize future successful healthcare structures, knowledge of patient-reported important aspects of transition is required. The aim of the study was therefore to explore the needs and expectations of transitional- and adult healthcare among adolescents and adults born with ARM.

Methods
Two tertiary paediatric surgical centres, in collaboration with two tertiary pelvic floor centres, in Sweden and Norway, conducted a qualitative study, involving adolescents and adults born with ARM in focus group discussions regarding transitional care. Discussions were analyzed by qualitative content analysis. Ethical approval was obtained.

Results
Sixteen participants (10 women) with a median age of 24 (19–47) years, born with mixed subtypes of ARM were included in gender-divided focus groups. Participants emphasized a need for improved knowledge of ARM, both among patients and adult care providers. Participants identified a need for support with coping strategies regarding challenging social- and intimate situations due to impaired bowel function. Participants pin-pointed well-functioning communication between the patient and the paediatric- and adult care providers as a key factor for a successful transitional process. Further, participants emphasized the importance of easy access to specialized adult healthcare when needed, suggested to be facilitated by appointed patient navigators.

Conclusion
Adolescents and adults born with ARM identify improved knowledge of ARM, well-functioning communication and easy access to specialized adult care as key components of a successful transition.
A national guideline for youth-friendly health services developed by chronically ill young people and health care professionals – a Delphi study
Authors: Thomsen Ena Lindhart , Hertz Pernille Grarup , Blix Charlotte , Boisen Kirsten A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Significant variation in cultural and socio-economic factors across different countries means that modification of existing guidelines for youth-friendly health services are needed. Furthermore, including the views and perspectives of young people in developing health services add significant value. The aim of this study was to develop a national guideline for youth-friendly health services using the Delphi method.

Methods
We invited young people with chronic conditions, managers of paediatric, psychiatric and relevant adult departments and health care professionals with experience and interest in adolescent medicine to participate. The initial list of elements was constructed based on international guidelines and systematic reviews. The study consisted of three electronic questionnaire rounds assessing relevance, importance and whether the elements were essential/very important, respectively. We used 70% agreement as cut-off.

Results
More than 70% of participants agreed that only one element was essential: ‘Young people should be actively involved in decisions about their treatment and encouraged and supported to ask questions about their illness and treatment’. Additionally, 18 elements reached more than 70% agreement, when the ‘essential’ was combined with the ‘very important’ category. We grouped these 19 elements into five themes: 1) staff competences and workflow, 2) developmentally appropriate communication, 3) focus on youth life, including mental health 4) youth participation and shared decisions, and 5) autonomy and transitional care.

Conclusion
This guideline for a youth-friendly health care system may serve as inspiration for concrete changes, both locally and internationally, as it was developed together by young people, staff, and management.
Music training and the use of songs or rhythm: Do they help for lexical stress processing?
Authors: Degrave Pauline 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Previous studies revealed that musicians outperformed non-musicians in different language tasks and that the use of music or rhythm in teaching material can benefit language learning. Here, we examined whether music, as a learner’s characteristic (musicians/non-musicians) or as a characteristic of the task (use of music or beat) can facilitate foreign language lexical stress processing. 25 non-musician and 21 musician French native speakers performed a discrimination task in which stimuli were either naturally spoken, spoken with a beat on the lexical stress, or sung. The participants heard 96 stimuli of three Dutch (non)words varying in the lexical stress position and mentioned which of the last two words was pronounced as the first. The results show that musicians outperformed non-musicians, that the accuracy rate is higher for sung stimuli and spoken stimuli with a beat than for spoken stimuli and that music training interacts with the musical characteristics of the stimuli.
The influence of subventricular zone involvement in extent of resection and tumor growth pattern of glioblastoma
Authors: Ahmadipour Yahya , Krings Julie-Inga , Rauschenbach Laurèl , Gembruch Oliver , Chihi Mehdi , Darkwah Oppong Marvin , Pierscianek Daniela , Jabbarli Ramazan , Sure Ulrich , El Hindy Nicolai 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objectives

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1/2) mutations and O6-alkylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylations are acknowledged survival predictors in patients with glioblastoma (GB). Moreover, tumor growth patterns like multifocality and subventricular zone (SVZ) involvement seem to be associated with poorer outcomes. Here, we wanted to evaluate the influence of the SVZ involvement and the multifocal tumor growth on the extent of surgical resection and its correlation with overall survival (OS) and molecular characteristics of patients with GB.

Methods
Adult patients with primary GB who underwent surgery at our department between 2012 and 2014 were included. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging findings were analyzed with regard to tumor location, presence of multifocality and SVZ involvement. The extent of surgical resection as well as clinical and molecular parameters was collected from electronic patient records. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.

Results
Two hundred eight patients were retrospectively analyzed, comprising 90 (43.3%) female individuals with a mean age of 62.9 (±12.26) years and OS of 10.2 months (±8.9). Unifocal tumor location was a predictor for better OS with a mean of 11.4 (±9.4) months (vs. 8.0 [±7.4] months, p=0.008). Affection of the SVZ was also associated with lower surgical resection rates (p<0.001). SVZ involvement revealed with 7.8 (±7.0) months a significant worse OS [vs. 13.9 (±10.1) months, p<0.001]. All six IDH1/2 wildtype tumors showed an unifocal location (p=0.066). MGMT promoter methylation was not associated with multifocal tumor growth (p=0.649) or SVZ involvement (p=0.348). Multivariate analysis confirmed independent association between the SVZ involvement and OS (p=0.001).

Conclusion
The involvement of the SVZ appears to have an influence on a lower resection rate of GB. This negative impact of SVZ on GB outcome might be related to lesser extent of resection, higher rates of multifocality and greater surgical morbidity but not inevitably to IDH1/2 mutation and MGMT promoter methylation status.
Geospatial Analysis in Responding to a Nuclear Detonation Scenario in NYC: The Gotham Shield Exercise
Authors: Lowe Luis , Salame-Alfie Adela , Neurath Bob , Quinn Celia , Ansari Armin , Whitcomb Robert , Dopson Stephanie 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In April 2017, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) participated in the Gotham Shield Exercise, led by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and in collaboration with other federal agencies to test the federal, state and local government’s ability to respond to an improvised nuclear device (IND). With active engagement from CDC leadership, 266 scientific and support staff from across the agency participated in the Gotham Shield exercise. The scenario involved a 10-kiloton detonation near the Lincoln Tunnel in New Jersey. This nuclear detonation scenario provided CDC with the opportunity to test some of the all-hazards tools the agency uses during response to other national or international emergencies, such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and mapping tools, and apply these tools to a nuclear emergency. Geospatial analysis associated with real time data can provide near real time information for individuals and entities associated with response and recovery activities. This type of analysis can provide timely data in regard to maps and information used to properly place staging areas for Community Reception Centers (CRC), mass care locations, and other medical care and countermeasure related services. Maps showing locations of power loss, such as locations of lost or inoperable main electrical grid and substations, combined with real time data on where power is available provides valuable information for first responders and emergency managers as well as responders engaged in communicating critical public messages to affected populations in these areas. By using real-time information, response officials can direct the response, allocate scarce resources, aid in coordination efforts, and provide a more efficient means of providing critical public health and medical services. The results of the exercise highlight the importance of using geospatial analysis for response planning and effect mitigation before, during, and after a public health event of this magnitude, and the value they represent in informed decision making.
Anxiety and depression symptoms in the same pregnant women before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ayaz Reyhan , Hocaoğlu Meryem , Günay Taner , Yardımcı Oğuz devrim , Turgut Abdulkadir , Karateke Ateş 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Objectives
With clinical experience from previous coronavirus infections, public health measures and fear of infection may have negative psychological effects on pregnant women. This study aimed to compare the level of anxiety and depression in the same pregnant women before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
The pregnant women continuing pregnancy who participated in the first study which was undertaken to clarify the factors associated with mental health of pregnant women before the COVID-19 pandemic, were included for the current study during the outbreak. Anxiety and depression symptoms of the same pregnant women were evaluated by using the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms II and Beck Anxiety Inventory twice before and during the pandemic.

Results
A total of 63 pregnant women completed questionnaires. The mean age of the women and the mean gestational age was 30.35±5.27 years and 32.5±7 weeks, respectively. The mean total IDAS II score was found to increase from 184.78±49.67 (min: 109, max: 308) to 202.57±52.90 (min: 104, max: 329) before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. According to the BAI scores the number of patients without anxiety (from 10 to 6) and with mild anxiety (from 31 to 24) decreased and patients with moderate (from 20 to 25) and severe anxiety (from 2 to 8) increased after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that obesity and relationship with her husband are the best predictors of IDAS II scores.

Conclusions
This study indicated that COVID-19 outbreak affects the mental health of pregnant women negatively which leads to adverse birth outcomes. The level of anxiety and depression symptoms of pregnant women during the COVID-19 infection significantly increased. Healthcare professionals should establish comprehensive treatment plans for pregnant women who are highly vulnerable population to prevent mental trauma during the infectious disease outbreaks.
Shari’a Law and Its Impact on the Development of Muslim and Non-Muslim Business Relations in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Nurmohamed Rehanna 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is situated near the Persian Gulf in the North Eastern part of the Arabian Peninsula. Established in 1971 by the late Sheikh Zayed Al Nahyan, the UAE forms a federation of seven Emirates consisting of Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al-Quwain, Ras Al Khaimah (The Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah had officially joined the federation on the 11th of February 1972.), and Fujairah. Because of its diversity and cosmopolitan nature, the country has always been a crossroad and prime location for people and trade. As Islam and Islamic principles have influenced Gulf societies in the very core of its existence, the Islamic way of conduct in trade relations and dispute resolutions are an element of paramount significance. This Article explores the role of Shari’a Law and its impact on the economic development of Muslim and non-Muslim business relations in the UAE and in particular in the Emirate of Dubai. The law and development from an Islamic perspective introduces a new vision on the theories of law and development by addressing the influence of Shari’a Law in economic development. In international trade relations and dispute resolution mechanisms such as formal contract enforcements in the Dubai International Finance Centre (DIFC) and the Dubai International Arbitration Centre (DIAC) the plurality of laws leads to the adoption of Shari’a Law over the Civil and Common Law regimes.
NANOG regulates the proliferation of PCSCs via the TGF-β1/SMAD pathway
Authors: Liu Changming , Sheng Mingxiong , Lin Liheng , Li Huizhang , Guo Shanming , Zhang Jiabin , Chen Guangbing , Chen Huihong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

Purpose
In prostate cancer, castration resistance is a factor that frequently leads to death in individuals with this disease. Recent studies have suggested that prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs) are pivotal regulators in the establishment of castration resistance. The nanog homeobox (NANOG) and the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein (SMAD) signaling pathways are involved in several cancer stem cells but are not involved in PCSCs. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of NANOG on the proliferation of PCSCs regulated by the TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway.

Methods
In this study, we used flow cytometry to isolate CD44+/CD133+/NANOG+ PCSCs from DU145 prostate cancer cells. Then we used short hairpin RNA to silence NANOG and observed the biological behavior and the TGF-β1/SMAD signal of PCSCs.

Results
NANOG decreased PCSC proliferation, increased apoptosis, and blocked cell cycling at G0/G1. Furthermore, reduction in the TGF-β1, p15, and p-SMAD2 expression was observed.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that NANOG positively regulates the growth of PCSCs through the TGF-β1/SMAD signaling pathway.
Selective excitation of individual nanoantennas by pure spectral phase control in the ultrafast coherent regime
Authors: Accanto Nicolò , de Roque Pablo M. , Galvan-Sosa Marcial , Hancu Ion M. , van Hulst Niek F. 
Published: September 2020

AbstractCoherent control is an ingenious tactic to steer a system to a desired optimal state by tailoring the phase of an incident ultrashort laser pulse. A relevant process is the two-photon–induced photoluminescence (TPPL) of nanoantennas, as it constitutes a convenient route to map plasmonic fields, and has important applications in biological imaging and sensing. Unfortunately, coherent control of metallic nanoantennas is impeded by their ultrafast femtosecond dephasing times so far limiting control to polarization and spectral optimization. Here, we report that phase control of the TPPL in resonant gold nanoantennas is possible. We show that, by compressing pulses shorter than the localized surface plasmon dephasing time (<20 fs), a very fast coherent regime develops, in which the two-photon excitation is sensitive to the phase of the electric field and can therefore be controlled. Instead, any phase control is gone when using longer pulses. Finally, we demonstrate pure phase control by resorting to a highly sensitive closed-loop strategy, which exploits the phase differences in the ultrafast coherent response of different nanoantennas, to selectively excite a chosen antenna. These results underline the direct and intimate relation between TPPL and coherence in gold nanoantennas, which makes them interesting systems for nanoscale nonlinear coherent control.
The Absolute as the Meeting Point Between Speculation and Fiction
Authors: Habdankaitė Daina 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article investigates Meillassoux’s notion of the absolute in relationship with the Kantian and Hegelian philosophical systems. The absolute, as independent of subjective consciousness, is showcased as the meeting point of speculation and fiction. By looking into Meillassoux’s notions of speculation and some works of weird fiction, it is argued that the significant role of imagination as well as a deferred temporality is what facilitates the discussion of both speculation and fiction as faculties able to transcend the limitations that are projected by the correlationist mind. Through a reading of Lovecraftian fiction, both the strong and weak points of Meillassoux’s argumentation in After Finitude and Science Fiction and Extro-Science Fiction are identified, proving the latter to be a less successful way of grasping the chaotic real.
Architectural Values, Political Affordances and Selective Permeability
Authors: Crippen Mathew , Klement Vladan 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThis article connects value-sensitive design to Gibson’s affordance theory: the view that we perceive in terms of the ease or difficulty with which we can negotiate space. Gibson’s ideas offer a nonsubjectivist way of grasping culturally relative values, out of which we develop a concept of political affordances, here understood as openings or closures for social action, often implicit. Political affordances are equally about environments and capacities to act in them. Capacities and hence the severity of affordances vary with age, health, social status and more. This suggests settings areselectively permeable, or what postphenomenologists call multistable. Multistable settings are such that a single physical location shows up differently – as welcoming or hostile – depending on how individuals can act on it. In egregious cases, authoritarian governments redesign politically imbued spaces to psychologically cordon both them and the ideologies they represent. Selective permeability is also orchestrated according to business interests, which is symptomatic of commercial imperatives increasingly dictating what counts as moral and political goods.
Talking with tradition: On Brandom’s historical rationality
Authors: Gazit Yael 
Published: September 2020

AbstractRobert Brandom’s notion of historical rationality seeks to supplement his inferentialism thesis by providing an account for the validity of conceptual contents. This account, in the shape of a historical process, involves the same self-integration of Brandom’s earlier inferentialism and is similarly restricted by reciprocal recognition of others. This article argues that in applying the synchronic social model of normative discourse to the diachronic axis of engaging the past, Brandom premises a false analogy between present community and past tradition, which obscures the important differences between the two axes. This is explored by looking closely at how Brandom’s own engagements with the past exemplify his historical rationality. Taking its cue from Brandom’s critics, the article shows that Brandom’s own discourse with tradition is not, and cannot be, dialogical and, in accordance, that historical rationality is not, and cannot be, governed by the same social structure of inferentialism. The article concludes with the implications of such a claim on Brandom’s thesis as a whole and on the role of tradition in the process of normative change, in light of it.
Der Tod, das Leben und die Röhre: Die menschliche Existenz hängt an einem Wirrsal von Schläuchen – vom Anfang bis zum Ende
Authors: Hennig Matthias 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Röhren und Schläuche bilden zentrale menschliche Organisationsformen: Sie ordnen die Ströme unseres Atem-, Verdauungs- und Blutkreislaufs, durch sie vollziehen sich Zeugung, Geburt – und intensivmedizinisch auch der Tod am vom Schläuchen umschlungenen Körper. Ebenso basieren die wichtigsten Waren-, Energie- und Datenströme ganz oder zumindest teilweise auf diesem zirkulatorischen Prinzip möglichst engwandiger und zugleich tausende Kilometer und Meilen weit verschlungener Wege: ob in Straßen- oder Eisenbahntunneln, Erdgaspipelines oder den Land- und Seekabeln für Telefon- und Internet, ohne die der Welthandel quasi zum Erliegen käme: Die Anthropologie berührt sich hier mit der Kultur- und Technikanthropologie.
Von der Überwindung des Ressentiments
Authors: Böhler Arno 
Published: September 2020

Abstract

In den ersten Kapiteln werde ich ein ethologisches Modell von Körperlichkeit vorstellen, in dem Körper, ganz im Sinne Spinozas, als lokale Bestandteile eines weltweiten Gefüges gedacht werden. Körper sind demnach keine von ihrer Umgebung isolierbaren Substanzen, in ihnen treten vielmehr Sach-Verhalte in Erscheinung, denen ein systemisches Selbsterhaltungsstreben (conatus) innewohnt. Der den Körpern immanente Appetit, sich in ihrem Sein zu erhalten, bezieht sich daher nicht nur auf die Selbsterhaltung des eigenen Organismus, sondern auf die systemische Erhaltung des eigenen In-der-Welt-Seins, das ein Organismus mit seiner Umwelt teilt.

In den darauffolgenden Kapiteln analysiere ich die dunkle Alchemie, die Körper erleiden, wenn ihr Appetit, sich in ihrem Sein zu erhalten, durch äußere Ursachen gehemmt und schließlich vergiftet wird. Eine Dynamik, die Nietzsche in seiner Streitschrift Zur Genealogie der Moral treffend als Wille zum Nichts charakterisiert hatte. In ihr verkehrt sich der Lebenswille in einen Hass auf das Leben, der sich am Leben zu rächen beginnt, indem er es verdammt.

Diesem destruktiven, selbstwidersprüchlichen Willen zum Nichts setzt Spinoza im fünften Buch seiner Ethik eine Glückseligkeitslehre entgegen, die den Geist der Rache immunisiert, indem sie an der Hervorbringung freudvoller Lebensverhältnisse arbeitet. Nicht der dialektische Kampf gegen das Ressentiment und seine destruktive Dynamik steht daher im Zentrum seiner Ethik. Es ist vielmehr die Kultivierung aktiver Affekte – Affekte der Freude, Liebe und Selbstzufriedenheit –, die für Spinoza das Ende der Hass- und Gewaltspirale versprechen. Damit zieht er die Konsequenzen aus der Einsicht, dass ein Affekt nur durch einen anderen, stärkeren Affekt gehemmt und schließlich außer Kraft gesetzt werden kann: Hass durch tiefgründige Liebeserfahrungen, Ressentiment durch freudvolle Erfahrungen.
Wassergeschichten
Authors: Möllmann Christopher 
Published: September 2020

AbstractAngesichts auseinanderdriftender historischer Forschungs- und Publikationsformen ist es an der Zeit, die ursprünglich-radikalen Züge einer historischen Anthropologie nochmals hervorzukehren und ihre Eigenarten am Rande des Akademischen zu dramatisieren, ohne den von ihr zwischen den Disziplinen beanspruchten Raum unruhigen, riskanten Denkens vorschnell einer sekundären Disziplinierung zu unterwerfen. Daher stellt der Text einige noch immer aufregende Einsätze historischer Anthropologie um 1980 vor, die gegenwärtigen fachhistorischen Neigungen zum Didaktischen, Marktgerechten und Neoprofessionellen zuwiderlaufen. Sie stehen für ein gleichermaßen intellektuelles wie existenzielles Abenteuer, das eine historische Anthropologie noch immer zu sein verspricht.