bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of vascular access patency and patient survival between native arteriovenous fistula and synthetic arteriovenous graft according to age group
Authors: Choi Joonsung , Ban Tae Hyun , Choi Bum Soon , Baik Jun Hyun , Kim Byung Soo , Kim Young Ok , Park Cheol Whee , Yang Chul Woo , Jin Dong Chan , Park Hoon Suk 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionArteriovenous fistula (AVF) is historically known to be the ideal option for vascular access (VA) for hemodialysis compared with arteriovenous graft (AVG). However, this approach has been recently questioned in the aging population because of their poor vessel quality and multiple comorbidities.MethodsData from a total of 2200 patients from the VA category of The Catholic Medical Center nephrology registry from March 2009 to February 2017 were analyzed. We compared VA patency and patient survival between two groups, AVF and AVG, according to age.FindingsCompared with the AVG group, survival benefit in the AVF group continued even in patients ≥80 years. In the whole population, all the primary patency (PP), primary‐assisted patency (PAP), and secondary patency (SP) measures were superior in the AVF group. With regard to subgroups, PP was comparable between the two groups in patients ≥65 years, whereas PAP and SP were superior in the AVF group even in septuagenarian patients who are from 70 to 79 years old. In patients ≥80 years, all the patency measures were comparable between the two groups. When the separate comparison of lower‐arm AVF (or upper‐arm AVF) and AVG, lower‐arm AVF failed to demonstrate its superiority in any kind of patency in septuagenarian patients compared with AVG, whereas upper‐arm AVF demonstrated its superiority in PAP and SP in septuagenarian patients. However, even upper‐arm AVF failed to demonstrate its superiority in any kind of patency in patients ≥80 years.DiscussionArteriovenous fistula if using upper‐arm vessel showed the superior VA patency up to septuagenarian patients, whereas, in HD patients ≥80 years, AVF and AVG were comparable in VA patency.
Pulmonary pathology of early‐phase COVID‐19 pneumonia in a patient with a benign lung lesion
Authors: Zeng Zhi , Xu Li , Xie Xiao‐Yu , Yan Hong‐Lin , Xie Bao‐Jun , Xu Wan‐Zhou , Liu Xin‐An , Kang Gan‐Jun , Jiang Wan‐Li , Yuan Jing‐Ping 
Published: May 2020

AimsAn ongoing outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus (CoV) disease (COVID‐19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) CoV‐2, has been spreading in multiple countries. One of the reasons for the rapid spread is that the virus can be transmitted from infected individuals without symptoms. Revealing the pathological features of early‐phase COVID‐19 pneumonia is important for understanding of its pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to explore the pulmonary pathology of early‐phase COVID‐19 pneumonia in a patient with a benign lung lesion.Methods and resultsWe analysed the pathological changes in lung tissue from a 55‐year‐old female patient with early‐phase SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. In this case, right lower lobectomy was performed for a benign pulmonary nodule. Detailed clinical, laboratory and radiological data were also examined. This patient was confirmed to have preoperative SARS‐CoV‐2 infection by the use of real‐time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and RNA in‐situ hybridisation on surgically removed lung tissues. Histologically, COVID‐19 pneumonia was characterised by exudative inflammation. The closer to the visceral pleura, the more severe the exudation of monocytes and lymphocytes. Perivascular inflammatory infiltration, intra‐alveolar multinucleated giant cells, pneumocyte hyperplasia and intracytoplasmic viral‐like inclusion bodies were seen. However, fibrinous exudate and hyaline membrane formation, which were typical pulmonary features of SARS pneumonia, were not evident in this case. Immunohistochemical staining results showed an abnormal accumulation of CD4+ helper T lymphocytes and CD163+ M2 macrophages in the lung tissue.ConclusionThe results highlighted the pulmonary pathological changes of early‐phase SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, and suggested a role of immune dysfunction in the pathogenesis of COVID‐19 pneumonia.
Doping level effects in Nb self‐doped Bi3TiNbO9 high‐temperature piezoceramics with improved electrical properties
Authors: Zhang Yuhao , Huang Peiming , Zhu Lingli , Du Juan , Bai Wangfeng , Lin Mi , Zheng Peng , Zheng Liang , Zhang Yang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractNb self‐doped Bi3Ti1‐xNb1+xO9 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.1) high‐temperature piezoelectric ceramics were fabricated through the conventional solid‐state sintering method. The effects of different Nb self‐doping levels on the microstructure, piezoelectric activities, and electrical conduction behaviors of these Nb self‐doped Bi3Ti1‐xNb1+xO9 ceramics were studied in detail. Large doping level effects on piezoelectric activity and resistivity were confirmed, which might be ascribed to the evolution of the crystal structure and the variations of the oxygen vacancy concentration and the grain anisotropy induced by Nb doping. An optimized piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of 11.6 pC/N was achieved at x = 0.04 with a Curie temperature of 906°C. Additionally, an improved DC resistivity of 6.18 × 105 Ω·cm at 600°C was acquired in this ceramic. Furthermore, the ceramic exhibited excellent thermal stability with the d33 value maintaining 95% of its initial value after being annealed at 850°C for 2 hours. These results showed that Nb self‐doped Bi3Ti1‐xNb1+xO9 ceramics might have great potentials for high‐temperature piezoelectric applications.
Investigation of structural, optical, electrical, and magnetic properties of Fe‐doped La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 manganites
Authors: Hassan Abdullah Ameen Saad , Khan Wasi , Husain Shahid , Dhiman Pooja , Singh Mahavir 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIn this work, the physical properties of nanocrystalline samples of La0.7Sr0.3Mn1−xFexO3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.20) perovskite manganites synthesized by the reverse micelle (RM) technique were explored in detail. The phase purity, crystal structure, and crystallite size of the samples were determined using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. All the samples had rhombohedral crystal structure and crystallite size increased with increase in Fe content in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3. The scanning electron micrographs (SEMs) exhibited smooth surface morphology and nonuniform shape of the particles. The optical properties studied using UV‐visible absorption spectroscopy revealed a decrease in the absorbance and optical band gap with an increase in Fe content in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 compound. The temperature‐dependent resistivity measurements revealed semiconducting nature of x = 0 and 0.1 samples up to the studied temperature range, while a metal‐to‐insulator transition was observed at higher Fe doping. Magnetic studies revealed weak ferromagnetism in all the samples and a reduction in the maximum magnetization with an increase in Fe content. A close correlation between electrical transport and magnetic properties was observed with the doping of Fe ion in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 at Mn site. These results advocate strong interactions associated with the double exchange mechanism among Fe3+ and Mn3+ ions.
Comparison of discriminability of common food acceptance scales for the elderly
Authors: Waimaleongora‐ek Pamarin , Prinyawiwatkul Witoon 
Published: May 2020

SummaryThis study was aimed to compare four commonly used methods for evaluating consumer acceptance (the 5‐point and the 9‐point hedonic scales) and preference (the ranking scale and the best‐worst scaling) in terms of their ability in discriminating samples and perceived ease of use by the elderly. Elderly (n = 100) and young adult (n = 100) consumers participated in this study. Each consumer evaluated five commercial orange juice samples in duplicate for hedonic rating and preference rank separately and then evaluated ten sets of three samples for the best‐worst scale, following the balanced incomplete block design. Nonparametric tests were employed as normality of data was violated. A significant sample effect was observed in all four methods (P < .001). Discriminating power of the best‐worst scaling was more pronounced in the elderly than in the young adults; however, the best‐worst scaling was easy to use for the young adults than for the elderly.
Understanding wage restraint in the German public sector: does the pattern bargaining hypothesis really hold water?
Authors: Di Carlo Donato 
Published: May 2020

AbstractGerman public sector wage restraint has been explained through the presence of a specific type of inter‐sectoral wage coordination in the industrial relations system—that is, export sector‐led pattern bargaining. First, as a literature‐assessing exercise, this paper reviews the literature in industrial relations and comparative political economy (CPE) and finds that (i) the origins and mechanics of inter‐sectoral wage coordination through pattern bargaining have never been laid out clearly; (ii) that the mechanisms of the pattern bargaining thesis have never been tested empirically; and (iii) that the CPE literature reveals an export‐sector bias. Second, as a theory‐testing exercise, hoop tests are performed to verify the pattern bargaining hypothesis. The key finding is that Germany cannot be considered a case of export sector‐driven pattern bargaining, opening a new research agenda for the study of public sector wage setting centred on public sector employment relations, public finance, public administrations and the politics of fiscal policy.
Sodium‐nickel pyrophosphate as a novel oxygen evolution electrocatalyst in alkaline medium
Authors: Song Hee Jo , Yoon Hyunseok , Ju Bobae , Kim Dong‐Wan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe development of robust and low‐cost oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts is a challenging issue in electrochemical water‐splitting technology. Tailoring the electrocatalysts through nano‐ and composition engineering is an effective strategy to enhance the intrinsic and extrinsic electrocatalytic activities. In this study, for the first time, sodium‐nickel pyrophosphate (Na2NiP2O7) is proposed as a novel OER electrocatalyst in alkaline environment. First, the electrocatalytic performance of micron‐sized Na2NiP2O7 (Na2NiP2O7‐micron) is evaluated. In addition, nanoscale Na2NiP2O7 (Na2NiP2O7‐nano) and Fe‐substituted Na2NiP2O7‐nano (Na2Ni1−xFexP2O7‐nano) are synthesized to improve the electrocatalytic performance of Na2NiP2O7. Although Na2NiP2O7‐micron exhibits low electrocatalytic OER activity in alkaline medium, its catalytic activity can be significantly improved through reducing the particle size and substituting Fe in the Ni sites. The synthesized Na2Ni0.75Fe0.25P2O7‐nano exhibits optimal catalytic activity with an overpotential of 300 mV at a current density of 10 mA/cm2 and long‐term durability with continuous O2 generation over 100 hours in alkaline medium.
The IL-6 rs1800795 and rs1800796 polymorphisms are associated with coronary artery disease risk
Authors: Lu Shuai , Wang Ya , Wang Yijun , Hu Jing , Di Wu , Liu Shuangye , Zeng Xiaohui , Yu Guo , Wang Yan , Wang Zhaohui 
Published: May 2020

AbstractStudies examining the associations between the interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) rs1800795 and rs1800796 gene polymorphisms and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) remain controversial. Our aim was to evaluate the accurately determine role of these two polymorphisms in CAD risk. PubMed, Embase, VIP, Wan fang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted, and bioinformatics tools were employed. A total of thirty‐seven articles were obtained. For the IL‐6 rs1800795 polymorphism, 9411 CAD patients and 3161 controls were included, 4720 patients with CAD, and 5000 controls were included for the IL‐6 rs1800796 polymorphism. In the pooled analysis, significant associations were only observed for the rs1800796 polymorphism (allelic: OR [95%CI] = 1.28 [1.13, 1.44], dominant: OR [95%CI] = 1.35 [1.17, 1.57], recessive: OR [95%CI] = 1.35 [1.18, 1.55], heterozygote: OR [95%CI] = 1.26 [1.15, 1.37], homozygote: OR [95%CI] = 1.62 [1.23, 2.13]). Significant associations were detected in the Asian and Mongoloid populations and ‘more than 500’ subgroup for the rs1800795 polymorphism. TSA confirmed the true‐positive results for the rs1800796 polymorphism. The bioinformatics analysis showed that the two polymorphisms played important roles in the gene transcription. The IL‐6 rs1800796 polymorphism is associated with an increased susceptibility to CAD and is a risk factor for CAD. The IL‐6 rs1800795 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of CAD in Asians, particularly in Chinese, and a decreased risk of CAD in an African population is remarkably observed.
Effect of deltamethrin‐incorporated nets on mobility and survivorship of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) adults and nymphs in the laboratory
Authors: Ibrahim Aya , Kirkpatrick Danielle , Nixon Laura J. , Ludwick Dalton C. , Anfora Gianfranco , Leskey Tracy C. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThe brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an invasive pest that attacks specialty and row crops in North America and Europe. There has been a concerted effort to reduce frequent broad‐spectrum insecticide applications made on vulnerable crops. One tool that has emerged recently is the use of long‐lasting insecticide‐treated nets (LLINs) as a killing agent. Here, we conducted bioassays to evaluate the effect of direct contact on deltamethrin‐impregnated LLINs on the behaviour and survivorship of H. halys nymphs and adults in the laboratory. Following exposure at three different durations (1.25, 4.25 or 7.25 min), vertical and horizontal mobility of adults and nymphs and the flight capacity of adults were recorded and compared with individuals that were not exposed (control). Exposure to LLINs reduced the horizontal distance and velocity and increased the angular velocity of adults only but reduced vertical mobility of adults and nymphs. Adult flights were not significantly affected by LLIN exposure. Mortality of adults and nymphs at 7‐day post‐exposure ranged from 73% to 77% regardless of exposure time. We discuss our findings within the context of the potential for and limitations of deploying LLINs in vulnerable crops to manage H. halys populations.
The lipid component of Alzheimer's disease research
Authors: Munter Lisa Marie 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIt may not be surprising that the brain as a lipid‐rich organ shows perturbed lipid profiles in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. It is, however, more challenging to detect these changes as they may only occur in a spatially small area. This Editorial highlights the work by Kaya et al. using a raising technology called MALDI IMS to identify up‐ or downregulation of specific lipids in and around the amyloid plaque, one of the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. Interestingly, such lipid changes were paralleled with disrupted myelin structure only at the border between white and gray matter. The sequestration of apolipoprotein E towards the amyloid plaque may provide a clue towards the underlying mechanisms leading to disrupted lipid profiles. This study highlights the necessity to increase research activities related to lipid metabolism in Alzheimer's disease and demonstrates that the technological progress now facilitates the advancement of this area.
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Acute pharmacological inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 activity during development restores perineuronal net formation and normalizes auditory processing in Fmr1 KO mice
Authors: Pirbhoy Patricia S. , Rais Maham , Lovelace Jonathan W. , Woodard Walker , Razak Khaleel A. , Binder Devin K. , Ethell Iryna M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIndividuals with Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit cognitive impairments, social deficits, increased anxiety, and sensory hyperexcitability. Previously, we showed that elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) may contribute to abnormal development of parvalbumin (PV) interneurons and perineuronal nets (PNNs) in the developing auditory cortex (AC) of Fmr1 knock‐out (KO) mice, which likely underlie auditory hypersensitivity. Thus, MMP‐9 may serve as a potential target for treatment of auditory hypersensitivity in FXS. Here, we used the MMP‐2/9 inhibitor, SB‐3CT, to pharmacologically inhibit MMP‐9 activity during a specific developmental period and to test whether inhibition of MMP‐9 activity reverses neural oscillation deficits and behavioral impairments by enhancing PNN formation around PV cells in Fmr1 KO mice. Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to measure resting state and sound‐evoked electrocortical activity in auditory and frontal cortices of postnatal day (P)22–23 male mice before and one‐day after treatment with SB‐3CT (25 mg/kg) or vehicle. At P27‐28, animal behaviors were tested to measure the effects of the treatment on anxiety and hyperactivity. Results show that acute inhibition of MMP‐9 activity improved evoked synchronization to auditory stimuli and ameliorated mouse behavioral deficits. MMP‐9 inhibition enhanced PNN formation, increased PV levels and TrkB phosphorylation yet reduced Akt phosphorylation in the AC of Fmr1 KO mice. Our results show that MMP‐9 inhibition during early postnatal development is beneficial in reducing some auditory processing deficits in the FXS mouse model and may serve as a candidate therapeutic for reversing sensory hypersensitivity in FXS and possibly other ASDs.
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Oral isotretinoin and photoaging: A review
Authors: Honeybrook Adam , Bernstein Eric 
Published: May 2020

AbstractIntroductionOver the past 20 years, evidence has emerged indicating oral isotretinoin could be considered a potential treatment for photoaged skin. In this review, we provide a succinct overview of the available evidence and provide commentary on the current and future directions for utilizing oral isotretinoin as a potential treatment for photoaging.MethodsWe prepared a review protocol and searched the PubMed and Cochrane databases for relevant literature published between January 1982 and April 2020. Using a defined keyword search, a total of 23 papers were initially identified by the main author. Two authors independently reviewed each of the 23 articles, and 6 articles were deemed relevant to this study.ResultsOf the six studies included in this review, three were randomized clinical trials, one was a nonrandomized clinical trial and two were prospective cohort studies. All studies were conducted between 2000 and 2015. Across all 6 studies, 251 patients were recruited, with a mean of 42 patients per study. Four studies were in favor of isotretinoin to improve photoaged skin, 1 study showed no benefit, and 1 study showed no benefit when compared to topical tretinoin treatment. Of the studies available, many were hampered by methodological challenges.ConclusionOral isotretinoin may be useful for treating photoaging but there is currently insufficient evidence to support its use. In comparison with other established anti‐photoaging treatments, it is not clear whether the potential benefits of oral isotretinoin outweigh the potential risks.
Post‐traumatic stress disorder in nurses: An integrative review
Authors: Schuster Michelle , Dwyer Patricia A. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo synthesise literature regarding PTSD among nurses. Two objectives guided this review: (a) describe the prevalence of PTSD in registered nurses and (b) identify factors associated with nursing work‐related PTSD.BackgroundPost‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder that can occur from direct or indirect exposure to traumatic events. Nurses are at risk of developing PTSD due to their indirect and/or direct exposure to traumatic situations while providing care to vulnerable patient populations.DesignAn integrative review.MethodsA literature search was conducted in PubMed and the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed by two reviewers. Data analysis procedures consisted of four concurrent activities: data reduction, data display, data comparison and conclusion drawing and verification. Conclusions were narratively synthesised and thematically presented by review objective using PRISMA guidelines.ResultsTwenty‐four articles met criteria for review. One theme emerged from the synthesis of literature describing the prevalence of PTSD in nurses: All Over the Board. Authors reported vastly different PTSD prevalence rates across studies likely due to variability in measurement. Four themes emerged from the synthesis of factors that influence PTSD among nurses: The Workplace Matters, Relationships Matter, It Hurts to Care and Interpersonal Strengths. These overarching themes captured a multitude of factors that occur across three levels of influence: organisational, interpersonal and intrapersonal.ConclusionsThis integrative review highlights PTSD as a growing concern in the nursing profession. The thematic analysis and associated subthemes provide a framework for the design of interventions to reduce the risk of PTSD symptom development among nurses working in inpatient settings.Relevance to clinical practiceMultitargeted efforts directed at the organisational, interpersonal and intrapersonal factors identified in this review may help mitigate the harmful impact of PTSD and promote nurse well‐being.
Simultaneous Motion and Distortion Correction Using Dual‐Echo Diffusion‐Weighted MRI
Authors: Afacan Onur , Hoge W. Scott , Wallace Tess E. , Gholipour Ali , Kurugol Sila , Warfield Simon K. 
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEGeometric distortions resulting from large pose changes reduce the accuracy of motion measurements and interfere with the ability to generate artifact‐free information. Our goal is to develop an algorithm and pulse sequence to enable motion‐compensated, geometric distortion compensated diffusion‐weighted MRI, and to evaluate its efficacy in correcting for the field inhomogeneity and position changes, induced by large and frequent head motions.METHODSDual echo planar imaging (EPI) with a blip‐reversed phase encoding distortion correction technique was evaluated in five volunteers in two separate experiments and compared with static field map distortion correction. In the first experiment, dual‐echo EPI images were acquired in two head positions designed to induce a large field inhomogeneity change. A field map and a distortion‐free structural image were acquired at each position to assess the ability of dual‐echo EPI to generate reliable field maps and enable geometric distortion correction in both positions. In the second experiment, volunteers were asked to move to multiple random positions during a diffusion scan. Images were reconstructed using the dual‐echo correction and a slice‐to‐volume registration (SVR) registration algorithm. The accuracy of SVR motion estimates was compared to externally measured ground truth motion parameters.RESULTSOur results show that dual‐echo EPI can produce slice‐level field maps with comparable quality to field maps generated by the reference gold standard method. We also show that slice‐level distortion correction improves the accuracy of SVR algorithms as slices acquired at different orientations have different levels of distortion, which can create errors in the registration process.CONCLUSIONSDual‐echo acquisitions with blip‐reversed phase encoding can be used to generate slice‐level distortion‐free images, which is critical for motion‐robust slice to volume registration. The distortion corrected images not only result in better motion estimates, but they also enable a more accurate final diffusion image reconstruction.