bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential microRNA-21 and microRNA-221 Upregulation in the Biventricular Failing Heart Reveals Distinct Stress Responses of Right Versus Left Ventricular Fibroblasts
Authors: Powers Jeffery C. , Sabri Abdelkarim , Al-Bataineh Dalia , Chotalia Dhruv , Guo Xinji , Tsipenyuk Florence , Berretta Remus , Kavitha Pavithra , Gopi Heramba , Houser Steven R. , Khan Mohsin , Tsai Emily J. , Recchia Fabio A. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
The failing right ventricle (RV) does not respond like the left ventricle (LV) to guideline-directed medical therapy of heart failure, perhaps due to interventricular differences in their molecular pathophysiology.

Methods:
Using the canine tachypacing–induced biventricular heart failure (HF) model, we tested the hypothesis that interventricular differences in microRNAs (miRs) expression distinguish failing RV from failing LV.

Results:

Severe RV dysfunction was indicated by elevated end-diastolic pressure (11.3±2.5 versus 5.7±2.0 mm Hg;
P
<0.0001) and diminished fractional area change (24.9±7.1 versus 48.0±3.6%;
P
<0.0001) relative to prepacing baselines. Microarray analysis of ventricular tissue revealed that miR-21 and miR-221, 2 activators of profibrotic and proliferative processes, increased the most, at 4- and 2-fold, respectively, in RV-HF versus RV-Control. Neither miR-21 or miR-221 was statistically significantly different in LV-HF versus LV-Control. These changes were accompanied by more extensive fibrosis in RV-HF than LV-HF. To test whether miR-21 and miR-221 upregulation is specific to RV cellular response to mechanical and hormonal stimuli associated with HF, we subjected fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes isolated from normal canine RV and LV to cyclic overstretch and aldosterone. These 2 stressors markedly upregulated miR-21 and miR-221 in RV fibroblasts but not in LV fibroblasts nor cardiomyocytes of either ventricle. Furthermore, miR-21/221 knockdown significantly attenuated RV but not LV fibroblast proliferation.

Conclusions:
We identified a novel, biological difference between RV and LV fibroblasts that might underlie distinctions in pathological remodeling of the RV in biventricular HF.
Three-Year Outcomes From the Harmony Native Outflow Tract Early Feasibility Study
Authors: Benson Lee N. , Gillespie Matthew J. , Bergersen Lisa , Cheatham Sharon L. , Hor Kan N. , Horlick Eric M. , Weng Shicheng , McHenry Brian T. , Osten Mark D. , Powell Andrew J. , Cheatham John P. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
The Harmony transcatheter pulmonary valve (TPV) was designed for treatment of postoperative pulmonary valve regurgitation in patients with repaired right ventricular outflow tracts.

Methods:
The Native TPV EFS (Early Feasibility Study) is a prospective, multicenter, nonrandomized feasibility study. Three-year outcomes are reported.

Results:
Of 20 implanted patients, 17 completed 3-year follow-up (maximum: 4.1 years). There were no deaths and 2 early explants. One patient did not complete the 3-year visit. In patients with available 3-year echocardiographic data, 1 had a mild paravalvular leak and the rest had none/trace; 1 patient had mild pulmonary valve regurgitation and the remainder had none/trace. The 3-year mean right ventricular outflow tract echocardiographic gradient was 15.7±5.5 mm Hg. Radiographically, no late frame fractures or erosions were identified. At 2 years, 2 patients presented with an increased echocardiographic outflow gradient (1 mixed lesion with moderate/severe pulmonary valve regurgitation). Computed tomography scans identified neointimal tissue ingrowth within the stent frame in both patients, and they were treated successfully with a transcatheter valve-in-valve procedure (Melody TPV). Additional follow-up computed tomography scans performed at 3.2±0.5 years after implant were obtained in 16 patients and revealed luminal tissue thickening at the inflow and outflow portion of the frame with no significant alteration of the valve housing.

Conclusions:
Three-year results from the Native TPV EFS revealed stable Harmony TPV device position, good valve function in most, and the absence of moderate/severe paravalvular leak and significant late frame fractures. Two patients developed significant neointimal proliferation requiring valve-in-valve treatment, while all others had no clinically significant right ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01762124.
Development of Predictive Equations for Nocturnal Hypertension and Nondipping Systolic Blood Pressure
Authors: Jaeger Byron C. , Booth John N. , Butler Mark , Edwards Lloyd J. , Lewis Cora E. , Lloyd‐Jones Donald M. , Sakhuja Swati , Schwartz Joseph E. , Shikany James M. , Shimbo Daichi , Yano Yuichiro , Muntner Paul 
Published: January 2020

Background

Nocturnal hypertension, defined by a mean asleep systolic blood pressure (SBP)/diastolic blood pressure (BP) ≥120/70 mm Hg, and nondipping
SBP
, defined by an awake‐to‐asleep decline in
SBP
<10%, are each associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

Methods and Results

We developed predictive equations to identify adults with a high probability of having nocturnal hypertension or nondipping
SBP
using data from the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study (n=787), JHS (Jackson Heart Study) (n=1063), IDH (Improving the Detection of Hypertension) study (n=395), and MHT (Masked Hypertension) study (n=772) who underwent 24‐hour ambulatory BP monitoring. Participants were randomized to derivation (n=2511) or validation (n=506) data sets. The prevalence rates of nocturnal hypertension and nondipping
SBP
were 39.7% and 44.9% in the derivation data set, respectively, and 36.6% and 44.5% in the validation data set, respectively. The predictive equation for nocturnal hypertension included age, race/ethnicity, smoking status, neck circumference, height, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, albumin/creatinine ratio, and clinic
SBP
and diastolic BP. The predictive equation for nondipping
SBP
included age, sex, race/ethnicity, waist circumference, height, alcohol use, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and albumin/creatinine ratio. Concordance statistics (95% CI) for nocturnal hypertension and nondipping
SBP
predictive equations in the validation data set were 0.84 (0.80–0.87) and 0.73 (0.69–0.78), respectively. Compared with reference models including antihypertensive medication use and clinic
SBP
and diastolic BP as predictors, the continuous net reclassification improvement (95% CI) values for the nocturnal hypertension and nondipping
SBP
predictive equations were 0.52 (0.35–0.69) and 0.51 (0.34–0.69), respectively.

Conclusions

These predictive equations can direct ambulatory BP monitoring toward adults with high probability of having nocturnal hypertension and nondipping
SBP
.
First-Ever Ischemic Stroke and Incident Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in 93 627 Older Women and Men
Authors: Sposato Luciano A. , Lam Melody , Allen Britney , Shariff Salimah Z. , Saposnik Gustavo ,   on behalf of the PARADISE Study Group
Published: January 2020

Background and Purpose—
Stroke risk is sex-specific, but little is known about sex differences of poststroke major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Stroke-related brain damage causes autonomic dysfunction and inflammation, sometimes resulting in cardiac complications. Sex-specific cardiovascular susceptibility to stroke without the confounding effect of preexisting heart disease constitutes an unexplored field because previous studies focusing on sex differences in poststroke MACE have not excluded patients with known cardiovascular comorbidities. We therefore investigated sex-specific risks of incident MACE in a heart disease-free population-based cohort of patients with first-ever ischemic stroke and propensity-matched individuals without stroke.

Methods—
We included Ontario residents ≥66 years, without known cardiovascular comorbidities, with first-ever ischemic stroke between 2002 and 2012 and propensity-matched individuals without stroke. We investigated the 1-year risk of incident MACE (acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, incident coronary artery disease, coronary revascularization procedures, incident heart failure, or cardiovascular death) separately for females and males. For estimating cause-specific adjusted hazard ratios, we adjusted Cox models for variables with weighted standardized differences >0.10 or those known to influence MACE risk.

Results—
We included 93 627 subjects without known cardiovascular comorbidities; 21 931 with first-ever ischemic stroke and 71 696 propensity-matched subjects without stroke. Groups were well-balanced on propensity-matching variables. There were 53 476 women (12 421 with and 41 055 without ischemic stroke) and 40 151 men (9510 with and 30 641 without ischemic stroke). First-ever ischemic stroke was associated with increased risk of incident MACE in both sexes. The risk was time-dependent, highest within 30 days (women: adjusted hazard ratio, 25.1 [95% CI, 19.3–32.6]; men: aHR, 23.4 [95% CI, 17.2–31.9]) and decreasing but remaining significant between 31 and 90 days (women: aHR, 4.8 [95% CI, 3.8–6.0]; men: aHR, 4.2 [95% CI, 3.3–5.4]), and 91 to 365 days (aHR, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.8–2.3]; men: aHR, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.7–2.3]).

Conclusions—
In this large population-based study, ischemic stroke was independently associated with increased risk of incident MACE in both sexes.
Role of Local Atmospheric Forcing and Land–Atmosphere Interaction in Recent Land Surface Warming in the Midlatitudes over East Asia
Authors: Chen Haishan , Yu Bo , Zhou Botao , Zhang Wanxin , Zhang Jie 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSignificant summer land surface warming has been observed in the middle latitudes over East Asia, especially after the mid-1990s, which has evidently affected the East Asian weather and climate. Using multisource observations and reanalysis data during 1979–2013, this study explores the possible reasons for recent land surface warming over this region by considering atmospheric forcing and regional land–atmosphere interaction related to extratropical cyclones (ECs). Results show that there is a close relationship between land surface warming and weakened ECs over East Asia. Recent land surface warming was attributed to local atmospheric forcing and feedback of land–atmosphere interaction associated with weakened ECs. The abnormal large-scale circulation associated with anomalous ECs produced evident dynamic forcing on the land surface. Weakened ECs are usually accompanied by an abnormal high pressure system and anticyclonic circulation around Lake Baikal, which benefit the intensification of anomalous southerly wind in the rear of the anomalous anticyclone, leading to positive temperature advection and temperature increase over East Asia. Meanwhile, the anomalous adiabatic warming caused by abnormal descending motion associated with the anticyclonic anomaly also contributes to local warming. The feedback of local land–atmosphere interaction plays an important role in land surface warming. Weakened ECs increase both incident solar radiation and precipitation. The increased precipitation reduces the soil moisture and in turn weakens the surface evaporation and local cooling effect, resulting in land surface warming. Our findings are helpful for better understanding the mechanisms responsible for recent summer land surface warming over East Asia as well as its climatic effects.
Temporal and Spatial Autocorrelations from Expendable Digital Dropsondes (XDDs) in Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Nelson T. Connor , Harrison Lee , Corbosiero Kristen L. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe newly developed Expendable Digital Dropsondes (XDDs) allow for high spatial and temporal resolution observations of the kinematic and thermodynamic structures in tropical cyclones (TCs). It is important to evaluate both the temporal and spatial autocorrelations within the recorded data to address concerns about spatial interpolation, statistical significance of individual data points, and launch-rate spatial requirements for future dropsonde studies in TCs. Data from 437 XDDs launched into Hurricanes Marty (27–28 September), Joaquin (2–5 October), and Patricia (20–23 October) during the 2015 Tropical Cyclone Intensity (TCI) experiment are used to compute temporal and spatial autocorrelations for vertical velocity, temperature, horizontal wind speed, and equivalent potential temperature. All of the examined variables had temporal autocorrelation scales between approximately 10 and 40 s, with most between 20 and 30 s. Most of the spatial autocorrelation scales were estimated to be 3–10 km. The temporal autocorrelation scales for vertical velocity, horizontal wind speed, and equivalent potential temperature were correlated with updraft depth. Vertical velocity usually had the smallest mean, and median, temporal and estimated spatial autocorrelation scales of approximately 20 s and 3–6 km, respectively. The estimated horizontal scales are below the median sounding spacing and suggest that an increase in the launch rate of the XDDs by a factor of 3–4 from the TCI sampling rate is needed to adequately depict TC kinematics and structure in transects of soundings. The results also indicate that current temporal sampling rates are adequate to depict TC kinematics and structure in a single sounding.
New simple low-cost surgical approach to complex jejuno-ileal atresia
Authors: Pan Pradyumna 
Published: January 2020

We report our experience of staged operations in the surgical treatment of complex jejuno-ileal atresia. Our study examined transgastric deflation of the proximal segment and feeding jejunostomy through the distal segment as a first stage followed by a definitive restoration of continuity secondarily at a tertiary centre over a period of three years. A cohort of 21 cases were studied. None suffered with intestinal perforation or volvulus. Tube plugging was seen in three patients who were relieved by flushing. Tube replacement was not required. One patient developed necrotising enterocolitis and died. Sepsis was seen in three. The age at the second operation was 56.2 ± 6.6 days. There was no complication after this second procedure. We therefore recommend this staged management for complex jejuno-ileal atresia, but suggest further studies.
Proposing an Endotracheal Tube Selection Tool Based on Multivariate Analysis of Airway Imaging
Authors: Aljathlany Yousef , Aljasser Abdullah , Alhelali Abdullah , Bukhari Manal , Almohizea Mohammed , Khan Adeena , Alammar Ahmed 
Published: January 2020

Objectives: We aimed to comprehensively investigate different upper airway segments in adults, determine the predictors of the size of each segment, and identify an appropriate endotracheal tube (ETT) size chart. Study Design: Retrospective chart review. Setting: Tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: The data for patients aged >18 years who underwent neck computed tomography were screened. Patients with existing tumors, trauma, or any pathology that can alter the normal airway anatomy and those with intubation, tracheostomy, or nasogastric tubes were excluded. Computed tomography software was used to measure the anteroposterior diameter (APD), transverse diameter (TD), and cross-sectional area (CSA) at the glottic, proximal subglottic, distal subglottic, and tracheal levels. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of the airway size. Results: One hundred patients were reviewed. The TD was consistently smaller than or equal to the APD at each level in all but 3 patients. The mean CSA and TD (170 mm2 and 11.3 mm, respectively) of the glottis indicated that the glottis was most often the narrowest level, followed by the proximal subglottis where the mean CSA and TD were 192.1 mm2 and 12.7 mm, respectively. Moreover, the mean APD was the smallest at the level of the trachea (20.1 mm). Multiple regression analysis confirmed that height and sex were the predominant predictors of measurements for the 4 airway segments. In addition, age was associated with the TD and CSA of the distal subglottic and tracheal segments, respectively. Conclusion: One-third of our participants exhibited a proximal subglottic diameter that was equal to or smaller than the glottic diameter. Our findings also suggested that the height and sex of the patients are important variables for the selection of an appropriate ETT size.
Long-term follow-up of psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for psychiatric and existential distress in patients with life-threatening cancer
Authors: Agin-Liebes Gabrielle I , Malone Tara , Yalch Matthew M , Mennenga Sarah E , Ponté K Linnae , Guss Jeffrey , Bossis Anthony P , Grigsby Jim , Fischer Stacy , Ross Stephen 
Published: January 2020

Background: A recently published randomized controlled trial compared single-dose psilocybin with single-dose niacin in conjunction with psychotherapy in participants with cancer-related psychiatric distress. Results suggested that psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy facilitated improvements in psychiatric and existential distress, quality of life, and spiritual well-being up to seven weeks prior to the crossover. At the 6.5-month follow-up, after the crossover, 60–80% of participants continued to meet criteria for clinically significant antidepressant or anxiolytic responses. Methods: The present study is a long-term within-subjects follow-up analysis of self-reported symptomatology involving a subset of participants that completed the parent trial. All 16 participants who were still alive were contacted, and 15 participants agreed to participate at an average of 3.2 and 4.5 years following psilocybin administration. Results: Reductions in anxiety, depression, hopelessness, demoralization, and death anxiety were sustained at the first and second follow-ups. Within-group effect sizes were large. At the second (4.5 year) follow-up approximately 60–80% of participants met criteria for clinically significant antidepressant or anxiolytic responses. Participants overwhelmingly (71–100%) attributed positive life changes to the psilocybin-assisted therapy experience and rated it among the most personally meaningful and spiritually significant experiences of their lives. Conclusion: These findings suggest that psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy holds promise in promoting long-term relief from cancer-related psychiatric distress. Limited conclusions, however, can be drawn regarding the efficacy of this therapy due to the crossover design of the parent study. Nonetheless, the present study adds to the emerging literature base suggesting that psilocybin-facilitated therapy may enhance the psychological, emotional, and spiritual well-being of patients with life-threatening cancer.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in High School and College-Aged Athletes: Does Autograft Choice Influence Anterior Cruciate Ligament Revision Rates?
Authors:   MOON Knee Group, Spindler Kurt P. , Huston Laura J. , Zajichek Alexander , Reinke Emily K. , Amendola Annunziato , Andrish Jack T. , Brophy Robert H. , Dunn Warren R. , Flanigan David C. , Jones Morgan H. , Kaeding Christopher C. , Marx Robert G. , Matava Matthew J. , McCarty Eric C. , Parker Richard D. , Vidal Armando F. , Wolcott Michelle L. , Wolf Brian R. , Wright Rick W. 
Published: January 2020

Background: Physicians’ and patients’ decision-making process between bone–patellar tendon–bone (BTB) and hamstring tendon autografts for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) may be influenced by a variety of factors in the young, active athlete. Purpose: To determine the incidence of both ACL graft revisions and contralateral ACL tears resulting in subsequent ACLR in a cohort of high school– and college-aged athletes who initially underwent primary ACLR with either a BTB or a hamstring autograft. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Study inclusion criteria were patients aged 14 to 22 years who were injured in sports, had a contralateral normal knee, and were scheduled to undergo unilateral primary ACLR with either a BTB or a hamstring autograft. All patients were prospectively followed for 6 years to determine whether any subsequent ACLR was performed in either knee after their initial ACLR. Multivariable regression modeling controlled for age, sex, ethnicity/race, body mass index, sport and competition level, baseline activity level, knee laxity, and graft type. The 6-year outcomes were the incidence of subsequent ACLR in either knee. Results: A total of 839 patients were eligible, of which 770 (92%) had 6-year follow-up for the primary outcome measure of the incidence of subsequent ACLR. The median age was 17 years, with 48% female, and the distribution of BTB and hamstring grafts was 492 (64%) and 278 (36%), respectively. The incidence of subsequent ACLR at 6 years was 9.2% in the ipsilateral knee, 11.2% in the contralateral normal knee, and 19.7% for either knee. High-grade preoperative knee laxity (odds ratio [OR], 2.4 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-3.9]; P = .001), autograft type (OR, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.3-3.5]; P = .004), and age (OR, 0.8 [95% CI, 0.7-1.0]; P = .009) were the 3 most influential predictors of ACL graft revision in the ipsilateral knee. The odds of ACL graft revision were 2.1 times higher for patients receiving a hamstring autograft than patients receiving a BTB autograft (95% CI, 1.3-3.5; P = .004). No significant differences were found between autograft choices when looking at the incidence of subsequent ACLR in the contralateral knee. Conclusion: There was a high incidence of both ACL graft revisions and contralateral normal ACL tears resulting in subsequent ACLR in this young athletic cohort. The incidence of ACL graft revision at 6 years after index surgery was 2.1 times higher with a hamstring autograft compared with a BTB autograft.