bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-rated health and risk of incident non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A cohort study
Authors: Chang Yoosoo , Noh Jin-Won , Cheon Joo Young , Kim Yejin , Kwon Young Dae , Ryu Seungho 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAlthough self-rated health (SRH), a subjective measure of overall health status, associates with metabolic abnormalities, studies on the relationship between SRH and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, are limited. In this study, we evaluated whether or not SRH predicts the risk of incident NAFLD. This cohort study was performed in a sample of 148,313 Korean adults free of ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD at baseline with annual or biennial follow-up for a median of 3.7 years. SRH and NAFLD were measured at baseline and follow-up visits. NAFLD was determined based on the ultrasound-diagnosed fatty liver without excessive alcohol consumption or any other cause. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals were estimated via a parametric proportional hazards model. During 522,696.1 person-years of follow-up, 23,855 individuals with new-onset NAFLD were identified (incidence rate, 45.6 per 1,000 person-years). After adjustments for possible confounders including total calorie intake, sleep duration, and depressive symptoms, the multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for incident NAFLD comparing good, fair, and poor or very poor SRH to very good SRH were 1.06 (0.97–1.14), 1.18 (1.09–1.27), and 1.24 (1.13–1.37), respectively. This association of SRH with incident NAFLD remained significant after accounting for changes in SRH and confounders during follow-up and was similar across clinically relevant subgroups. In a large-scale cohort study of apparently healthy Korean adults, poor SRH was independently and positively associated with incident NAFLD risk, indicating a predictive role of SRH as a health measure in NAFLD.
Control of Laser Induced Cumulative Stress for Efficient Processing of Fused Silica
Authors: Sun Qi , Lee Timothy , Beresna Martynas , Brambilla Gilberto 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLaser irradiation of silica glass is shown to trigger redistribution of material resulting in accumulation of stress and refractive index modification, and the rearrangement of the glass network has a significant impact on the quality of laser written optical components. We propose an alternative laser writing approach for achieving the desired refractive index and optical phase profiles through improved material stress control, demonstrated using both Gaussian and Bessel writing beams. The new material processing strategy is successfully adapted for implementing photonic circuits and diffractive elements with greater efficiency due to improved uniformity and symmetry of the induced index modification.
Ernährung bei Krebs: Geeignet zur Vorbeugung und Therapie?
Authors: Arends Jann 
Published: March 2020

ZusammenfassungErnährung dient dem Aufbau und Erhalt des Körpers und seiner Funktionen und ist damit Grundvoraussetzung, um den Tagesablauf und die täglichen Belastungen stabil zu überstehen. Es ist deshalb naheliegend zu überlegen und zu erforschen, ob und inwieweit die Aufnahme von Nährstoffen die Krebsanfälligkeit oder die Tumortherapie beeinflusst.
Artrodese versus artroplastia da primeira articulação metatarsofalângica no tratamento do hallux rigidus – Estudo comparativo de pacientes selecionados apropriadamente
Authors: Santos Silva Marta , Rodrigues-Pinto Ricardo , Barros Luís H. , Sousa Arnaldo , Muras José 
Published: March 2020

Resumo
Objetivo Historicamente, os resultados da artroplastia da primeira articulação metatarsofalângica (1MTP) eram relativamente ruins; no entanto, melhorias na compreensão da biomecânica normal do pé, nos materiais e no design dos implantes, tornam a artroplastia um tratamento aceitável em pacientes selecionados. O presente estudo pretendeu comparar os resultados clínicos e radiográficos da artrodese com os da artroplastia da 1MTP no tratamento de hallux rigidus e apresentar um racional para seleção de pacientes para artroplastia.
Métodos Um total de 36 pacientes (38 pés) com hallux rigidus operados (12 artrodeses e 26 artroplastias) foram prospectivamente incluídos. A dor foi avaliada com recurso à escala visual analógica (VAS) e o resultado funcional usando a escala American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Hallux Metatarsophalangeal-Interphalangeal (AOFAS-HMI). As complicações e os resultados radiográficos foram também registrados e a taxa de sobrevida calculada para os dois procedimentos.
Resultados Todos os pacientes referiram uma melhoria significativa na dor e nos resultados funcionais após a cirurgia. Os pacientes submetidos a artroplastia tiveram melhor resultado funcional na escala AOFAS-HMI (89,7 versus 65.7 pontos; p < 0.001) e melhor alívio da dor (VAS 1,6 versus 3,9 pontos; p = 0,002) quando comparados com os doentes submetidos a artrodese. Registrou-se um caso de infecção no grupo da artroplastia e 2 casos de pseudoartrose no grupo da artrodese.
Conclusão A artrodese permite alívio da dor e resultados satisfatórios, mas altera a biomecânica da marcha. Tal como a artrodese, a artroplastia melhora a dor significativamente, sendo uma alternativa mais fisiológica para preservar a biomecânica do pé. Apesar dos dois tratamentos terem bons resultados clínicos, em pacientes selecionados, a artroplastia teve melhores resultados clínicos e menor taxa de revisão.
Access to Intrathecal Baclofen Treatment for Children with Cerebral Palsy in European Countries: An SCPE Survey Reveals Important Differences
Authors: Himmelmann Kate , Påhlman Magnus , Andersen Guro L. , Vik Torstein , Virella Daniel , Horridge Karen , Neubauer David , Arnaud Catherine , Rackauskaite Gija , de la Cruz Javier 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Aim The aim is to study access to intrathecal baclofen (ITB) for children with cerebral palsy (CP) in Europe, as an indicator of access to advanced care.
Methods Surveys were sent to CP registers, clinical networks, and pump manufacturers. Enquiries were made about ITB treatment in children born in 1990 to 2005 by sex, CP type, level of gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) and age at the start of treatment. Access to ITB was related to the country's gross domestic product (GDP) and % GDP spent on health.
Results In 2011 population-based data from Sweden, Norway, England, Portugal, Slovenia, and Denmark showed that 114 (3.4%) of 3,398 children with CP were treated with ITB, varying from 0.4 to 4.7% between centers. The majority of the children were at GMFCS levels IV-V and had bilateral spastic CP. In Sweden, dyskinetic CP was the most commonly treated subtype. Boys were more often treated with ITB than girls (p = 0.014). ITB was reported to be available for children with CP in 25 of 43 countries. Access to ITB was associated with a higher GDP and %GDP spent on health (p < 0.01). Updated information from 2019 showed remaining differences between countries in ITB treatment and sex difference in treated children was maintained.
Conclusion There is a significant difference in access to ITB for children with CP across Europe. More boys than girls are treated. Access to ITB for children with CP is associated with GDP and percent of GDP spent on health in the country.
Severity of Cerebral Palsy—The Impact of Associated Impairments
Authors: Horber Veronka , Fares Asma , Platt Mary Jane , Arnaud Catherine , Krägeloh-Mann Ingeborg , Sellier Elodie 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Objective This article describes associated impairments in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and its subtypes.
Method Children born between 1990 and 2006 recorded in the Surveillance of Cerebral Palsy in Europe common database were studied. An “impairment index” characterized severity of impairments and their combinations.
Results Amongst the 11,015 children analyzed, 56% (n = 5,968) could walk unaided, 54% (4,972) had normal or near-normal intellect (intelligence quotient ≥ 70). Except for ataxic CP, associated impairments were less frequent when walking ability was preserved. The impairment index was low (walking unaided and normal or near-normal intellect) in 30% of cases; 54% (n = 1,637) in unilateral spastic, 24% (n = 79) in ataxic, 18% (n = 913) in bilateral spastic, and 7% (n = 50) in dyskinetic CP. Around 40% had a high impairment index (inability to walk and/or severe intellectual impairment ± additional impairments)—highest in dyskinetic (77%, n = 549) and bilateral spastic CP (54%, n = 2,680). The impairment index varied little in birth weight and gestational age groups. However, significantly fewer cases in the birth weight group ≤ 1,000 g or gestational age group ≤ 27 weeks had a low impairment index compared to the other birth weight and gestational age groups (23 and 24% vs. between 27 and 32%).
Conclusion Thirty percent of the children with CP had a low impairment index (they were able to walk unaided and had a normal or near-normal intellect). Severity in CP was strongly associated to subtype, whereas the association was weak with birth weight or gestational age.
MULTIPLE VARIATIONS OF BRANCHES OF ABDOMINAL AORTA : A CASE STUDY
Authors: H. Shivarama C. , Shivarama Bhat , K. Shetty R. , R. Avadhani 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMultiple variations of the branches of abdominal aorta were observed during a routine dissection of the abdominal region in a 66-yearold male cadaver in the Department of Anatomy, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya University, Mangalore. In the present case, both the inferior phrenic arteries arise from the celiac trunk. Left gastric artery is originates directly from abdominal aorta higher then celiac trunk. An accessory hepatic artery arises from the superior mesenteric artery. An accessory left renal artery found originating from the abdominal aorta. Right testicular artery arises as anterior branch of abdominal aorta. Knowledge of these variations could help surgeons to identify and protect the branches of abdominal aorta during surgery.
Keeping an eye on body parts
Authors: Baranyiné Kóczy Judit 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The notion of embodiment refers to the bodily basis of human perceptions about the environment, and also structures our conceptual system (Gibbs 2005; Johnson 1987). This is most evidently manifested in the conceptualizations of body parts and organs and their metaphorical extension to various target domains, illustrated by the metaphor of understanding/knowing is seeing, which was considered by Lakoff and Johnson (1980, 1999) and Sweetser (1990) being universally prevalent. This claim was supported by a range of cross-linguistic studies in English (Alm-Arvius 1993; Danesi 1990; Ibarretxe-Antuñano 1999, 2002; Sweetser 1990; Viberg 2008; Yu 2008), but also debated by others (Evans and Wilkins 2000; Sharifian 2011), pointing to the fact that the conceptual links between perceptual modalities and abstract domains are grounded in cultural models (Kövecses 2000; Sharifian et al. 2008; Yu 2008), hence they can be regarded as cultural conceptualizations (Sharifian 2017).
In line with the cross-linguistic research on the metaphorical mappings of vision, the present chapter aims at unveiling the conceptualizations of Hungarian szem ‘eye’, in order to test whether the expressions that derive from it primarily represent the eye as the seat of thinking/knowing/understanding. According to the results, it is argued that beside the conceptualizations of perception, emotion and interpersonal power, the understanding is seeing metaphor is present in the Hungarian expressions. However, conceptualizations of the eye in Hungarian are also connected to cultural values. For example, some expressions such as szemfedél ‘eye-cover’, szemmel verés ‘beating with the eyes’ and szemfényvesztés ‘deception, subtleness’ are based on cultural schemas. The chapter further demonstrates that, as part of conceptualization, some spatial orientations attached to the eye may take on certain evaluations, as exemplified in the case of szeme közé ‘into between his eyes’ and its dominantly negative attribution. In this way, the chapter is a contribution to prove the interface between body, language and culture.
Conceptualisations of entrails in English and Polish
Authors: Waśniewska Małgorzata 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
The paper discusses various conceptualisations of the intestines in the English and Polish language system and examines the surface linguistic expressions that make explicit the position which the body part occupies within the two conceptual systems. The study, by no means exhaustive, is an attempt to analyse the various roles that the guts play in the human experience, explain how these diverse perceptions came to function in our thoughts and language, and demonstrate the parallels that can be drawn between the conceptualisation of the bowels in the two distantly related languages.
Cultural conceptualisations of nawsk ‘belly/stomach’ in Kurdish
Authors: Nosrati Vahede 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Conceptualisations of body parts across languages have received a great deal of attention in recent years (Ameka, 2002; Frank et al., 2008; Maalej & Yu, 2011; Sharifian et al., 2008; Yu, 2009). Nevertheless, there have been no systematic studies examining the conceptualisations of body parts, and in particular nawsk ‘belly/stomach’, in Kurdish. To that end, the present study employs the analytical framework of Cultural Linguistics (Sharifian, 2011, 2017b) to explore Kurdish expressions of nawsk and their underlying cultural conceptualisations. The data consists of naturally occurring expressions collected through a variety of sources including a questionnaire, Kurdish online data, dictionaries, and narratives. Other sources included the author’s intuition as a native speaker and a number of Kurdish native speaker interviews. The results indicate that the body part nawsk functions as the main conceptual basis for a large number of conceptualisations in Kurdish. Nawsk is conceptualised as the locus of a wide range of emotions, attitudes, and moods. It is associated with both positive and negative emotions such as love, courage, sadness, curse, and anger. Overall, it is revealed that in Kurdish, nawsk is conceptually associated with expressing feeling, wanting, and thinking. Nawsk is metaphorically conceptualised as a container.
Publication venues for L2 pronunciation research
Authors: Levis John M. , Sonsaat Sinem 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
A recurring question for researchers in any field concerns the best place to submit their research. This is also
true of L2 pronunciation research. In this paper, we look at journals that have repeatedly published pronunciation research over
the past decade. Publication venues include specialist journals that focus on speech, general second language acquisition and
learning journals, regional journals, and newsletters. The first two sets of journals are accompanied by word clouds from their
scope and aims statements. The paper encourages authors to consider a number of issues in determining the best places to submit L2
pronunciation research.
Rendering the untellable, tellable
Authors: Thomas M’Balia 
Published: March 2020

AbstractGoffman’s concepts of face and face work, and his assertion that talk in face-to-face interaction is cooperative, are undertheorized and often critiqued. In an attempt to expand on these concepts, excerpts are analyzed from a single-teller narrative which evolves into a 13-minute conversational story about the relationship troubles of an absent third party. Analyzed for the verbal and nonverbal disruptions and subsequent adjustments and remedial actions manifested by participants, Conversation Analysis (CA) is employed to capture how threats to face surface and how they are recognized, cooperatively managed, and made tellable. Through the analysis, this paper addresses the perceived incommensurability between CA and Goffman’s notion of face, demonstrating the ways in which face is (1) a doing a doing, a situated presentation of self that serves narrative-advancing functions and renders talk tellable as threats to face arise and (2) an achievement comprised of moves that are tacitly cooperative, ambiguously cooperative, or uncooperatively cooperative.
Notes on Modern Hebrew phonology and orthography
Authors: Klein Stav 
Published: March 2020

This brief survey chapter starts by characterizing the phonemic inventory of consonants and vowels in Modern
Hebrew (MH). It then notes departures from earlier stages of the language, such as the full or partial merger of
historical “emphatic” stops with plain stops, the loss of pharyngeal and glottal phonemes (“gutturals’), degemination,
and the loss of active phonological rules, such as vowel lengthening and reduction, which together account for the
much reduced inventory of both consonants and vowels in all present-day usage, including “Mizrahi” and more generally used pronunciations. Selected phonotactic features of MH phonology – syllable structure, CV alternations, consonant clusters, stress, and word length – are touched on. A final section deals with the essentially
conservative Hebrew orthography, as compared with the dynamics of its phonology.
“A received pronunciation”
Authors: Beal Joan C. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines the codification of English
pronunciation prior to the emergence and recognition of RP. I
analyse early citations of “received pronunciation” and contrast
these with later uses of “Received Pronunciation”. Drawing on Haugen (1966) and Milroy & Milroy (1999),
I identify the processes of standardisation and distinguish
standardisation from levelling before outlining the history of
standardisation in English. I then discuss why the need for a
standard pronunciation arose in the eighteenth century and the
criteria used to select and codify pronunciations. I conclude that
authors such as Walker and Sheridan did not succeed in implementing
a standard pronunciation, but their attempts at codification laid
the ground for the emergence of RP in the nineteenth century.
In search of “the lexicographic stamp”
Authors: Queiroz de Barros Rita 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This chapter is a contribution to the study of G. A. Sala and of the LModE period from the perspective of historical lexicography. Taking as its starting point
“Slang”, an article published by Sala in an 1853 issue of Dickens’s Household
Words, the study investigates Sala’s reliance on
previous glossaries of slang and the possible impact of the numerous
examples he provides upon the first edition of the Oxford
English Dictionary (OED1), prepared
shortly after. The analysis described concludes that, despite Sala’s
discussion of words previously unregistered in dictionaries, his
text had a tenuous impact upon OED1; it shows
furthermore that OED1 did not ignore recent
contemporaneous slang, testifying instead to the complex relation
LModE speakers had with non-standard language.
Eighteenth-century French cuisine terms and their semantic
integration in English
Authors: Landmann Julia 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
A great variety of French culinary vocabulary
has been taken over into English down the ages (e.g., Chirol 1973). During the
eighteenth century, too, French served English as an important donor
of lexical items which reveal the finesse of French cookery. The
present analysis sets out to shed light on the semantic integration
of French-derived culinary terms. An essential objective of this
paper is to find out whether (a) a particular sense a borrowing
adopts after being introduced into English has its origins in French
(as a result of the continuing influence of French on English) or
(b) whether the relevant change in meaning is due to an internal
sense development within the receiving language.
Shaking photons from the vacuum: acceleration radiation from vibrating atoms
Authors: Dolan Brian P , Hunter-McCabe Aonghus , Twamley Jason 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Acceleration radiation—or Unruh radiation—the thermal radiation observed by an ever accelerating observer or detector, although having similarities to Hawking radiation, so far has proved extremely challenging to observe experimentally. One recent suggestion is that, in the presence of a mirror, constant acceleration of an atom in its ground state can excite the atom while at the same time cause it to emit a photon in an Unruh-type process. In this work we show that merely by shaking the atom, in simple harmonic motion for example, can have the same effect. We calculate the transition rate for this in first order perturbation theory and consider harmonic motion of the atom in the presence of a stationary mirror, or within a cavity or just in empty vacuum. For the latter we propose a circuit-QED potential implementation that yields transition rates of ∼10−4 Hz, which may be detectable experimentally.
Growth and infrared switching properties of deposited VO2 films at various sputtering power with a VO2 target by RF magnetron sputtering
Authors: Muslim N , Soon Y W , Voo N Y 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
In this work, structural and morphological properties as well as phase transition temperature and hysteresis width of VO2 thin films grown with a VO2 target by RF magnetron sputtering were studied under the influence of relatively low sputtering power of 80 – 140 W. It was observed that as sputtering power increased, the crystallinity of the films improved with the presence of obvious diffraction peaks of VO2, and a slight increase in the average crystallite and grain sizes of the films. The deposited films revealed a slight change in infrared transmittance during heating and cooling cycles. Films deposited at sputtering power of 140 W exhibited the lowest Tt of 60.5 °C with a hysteresis width of 41.0 °C.
Study on Temperature Related Factors of Asphalt Pavement Based on APRIORI
Authors: Lin W Y , Zhang Z H , Qiu X , Xu W Y , Hong H J 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Asphalt is a typical temperature-sensitive material. In order to explore the correlation between surface temperature of asphalt pavements and meteorological factors, the association rules mining algorithm (Apriori) was applied to identify the key factors affecting the surface temperature of asphalt pavement. Firstly, errors and missing data in the meteorological dataset were cleaned. Then, Apriori was applied to identify the key factors affecting the asphalt pavement temperature. The results indicate that Apriori would perform an excellent ability to analyze the correlation rules between meteorological factors with the minimum confidence of 0.8 and the key meteorological factors which affect the temperature change of asphalt pavements are excavated including air temperature, air pressure, dew point temperature and relative humidity. The research would serve as a technical support for the machine learning algorithms applied in the field of the association rule analysis.
Analysis of high plasticity clayey soil improvement at subgrade level through Portland cement added to decrease volumetric change
Authors: Castro M , Navarro J , Aybar G , Duran G 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
This research includes the potential for resistance and the expansion that the soil presents, this evaluation was carried out through CBR tests. The soil cement technique was used to improve the physical and mechanical characteristics; this process consists in mixing the material with Portland cement type I. That combination forms soil cement 10%, 15% y 20%, which present an increase of the CBR (max: 138.7% and min: 91.9%) achieving a type of extraordinary subgrade to resist the structure of the pavement and a reduction of 7.18% in the expansion of the samples.