bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of coronary angioscopic findings 8 months after stent implantation between two kinds of biodegradable polymer-coated and one durable polymer-coated drug-eluting stent
Authors: Yasumura Keisuke , Shutta Ryu , Matsunaga-Lee Yasuharu , Nakamura Daisuke , Yano Masamichi , Yamato Masaki , Egami Yasuyuki , Sakata Yasushi , Nishino Masami , Tanouchi Jun 
Published: September 2020

Background
The difference of chronic neointimal conditions of biodegradable polymer-coated and durable polymer-coated drug-eluting stent have not been well investigated.

Objective
We aimed to compare the angioscopic findings among SYNERGY biodegradable polymer-coated everolimus-eluting stent (BP-EES), ULTIMASTER biodegradable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stent (BP-SES), and XIENCE Alpine durable polymer-coated everolimus-eluting stent (DP-EES) 8 months after stent implantation.

Methods
Patients who underwent implantation of BP-EES (n = 30), BP-SES (n = 26), or DP-EES (n = 21) in Osaka Rosai Hospital from December 2015 to April 2017 were retrospectively enrolled. Coronary angioscopic evaluation including dominant grade of neointimal coverage (NIC) over the stent, maximum yellow plaque grade, and existence of red thrombi were performed 8 months after stent implantation. The incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization were assessed 1 year after coronary angioscopic evaluation among the three groups.

Results
The patient and lesion characteristics were similar among the three groups. Dominant grade of NIC and maximum yellow plaque grade were not significantly different among BP-EES, BP-SES, and DP-EES groups [mean ± SD, 1.50 ± 0.73, 1.58 ± 0.64, and 1.33 ± 0.48 (P = 0.38) and 0.83 ± 0.59, 0.81 ± 0.75, and 0.95 ± 0.38 (P = 0.68), respectively]. The existence of red thrombi was similar among the three groups [20, 12, and 19% (P = 0.67)]. There was no significant difference in the MACE 1 year after coronary angioscopic evaluation among the three groups [0, 8, and 0% (P = 0.13)].

Conclusions
Coronary angioscopic findings revealed that BP-EES, BP-SES, and DP-EES produced similar favorable NIC 8 months after stent implantation.
Hepatic Injury in Patients With COVID-19
Authors: Kullar Ravina , Patel Ankur P. , Saab Sammy 
Published: September 2020

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected over 2 million people worldwide over the course of just several months. Various studies have highlighted that patients infected with COVID-19 may develop various degrees of liver injury. Here, we discuss the impact of underlying liver disease and manifestations of hepatic injury with COVID-19. We also review mechanisms of hepatic injury.

Methods:
We searched the database PubMed for all studies focused on hepatic injury in COVID-19.

Results:
We identified 13 studies that assessed the impact of underlying liver disease in patients infected with COVID-19 (N=3046). Underlying liver disease was one of the most common known comorbid categories in patients infected with COVID-19. Overall, 25% of the patients identified from the 13 studies had hepatic injury. Twenty-one percent and 24% had elevated alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase values, respectively. Nine percent of the patients had elevated total bilirubin values. Ten of the 13 studies assessed COVID-19 acuity with severity of hepatic injury. In 9 of the 10 studies, clinical outcomes were worse with hepatic injury.

Conclusions:
Liver injury is highly prevalent in patients that present with COVID-19. Since the liver is one of the most affected organs outside of the respiratory system in COVID-19, more intensive surveillance is warranted for severe cases, particularly among those with pre-existing advanced liver disease.
Patient’s perspective on the implementation of measures to contain the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in a Portuguese Gastroenterology Department
Authors: Gomes Catarina , Pinho Rolando , Ponte Ana , Silva João Carlos , Afecto Edgar , Correia João , Carvalho João 
Published: September 2020

Background and aims
As the COVID-19 pandemic emerged, departments had to adapt their activities, jeopardizing patient’s best interests. Our aim is to evaluate the patient’s perspective to the implementation of SARS-CoV-2 measures in a gastroenterology department in a Portuguese Hospital.

Methods
A survey with 13 questions was created and available to patients with at least one gastroenterology appointment at our center in the year 2019.

Results
Nine hundred seventy-three patients completed the survey, 51.6% (n = 502) females, and 82.6% (n = 804) with less than 65 years of age. 50.7% of 962 patients were not working. 49.5% had an appointment for monitoring a suspected or established inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). 76.8% and 69.6% subjects agreed in postponing endoscopic and non-endoscopic procedures, respectively. 93.6%, 94.3% and 95.7% patients declared to be worried about the postponing of endoscopic procedures, non-endoscopic procedures and medical visits, respectively. 88.8% supported remote consultations and 77.3% were satisfied with this type of appointment, independently of the age group (P = 0.66). 80.9% of IBD patients treated with immunosuppression or biologics were concerned about a severe infection by COVID-19.

Conclusion
A great part of our respondents belong to IBD appointments. The majority of our patients agreed in postponing procedures, although they feel concerned. Almost all patients supported remote consultations and most patients found them positive.
Network Interconnectivity and Community Detection in HIV/Syphilis Contact Networks Among Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Billock Rachael M. , Mucha Peter J. , Samoff Erika , Dennis Ann M. , Pence Brian W. , Lund Jennifer L. , Powers Kimberly A. 
Published: September 2020

Background
Despite persistent HIV and syphilis epidemics among men who have sex with men (MSM), the relationship between HIV and syphilis contact networks has not been well characterized. We aimed to measure interconnectivity between HIV and syphilis contact networks among MSM and identify network communities with heightened interconnectivity of the syphilis network with the HIV network.

Methods
Using contact-tracing data, we generated independent and combined HIV and syphilis networks for all MSM diagnosed with HIV or early syphilis, respectively, in North Carolina between 2015 and 2017. We treated the independent networks as layers and identified network communities, or groups of densely connected nodes, in the 2-layer network. We assessed interconnectivity by comparing the mean node degree among syphilis network members in the syphilis network alone versus the combined HIV/syphilis network, both overall and by network community.

Results
The syphilis network was interconnected with the HIV network, especially in network communities with younger median age, higher proportions of persons self-identifying as Black, non-Hispanic, and higher proportions of syphilis cases diagnosed at sexually transmitted disease clinics.

Conclusions
Interconnected contact networks underlie HIV and syphilis epidemics among MSM, particularly among young, Black MSM. Intensified transmission prevention interventions within highly interconnected network communities may be particularly beneficial.
High Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Pregnant Women Living in Southern Brazil
Authors: Yeganeh Nava , Kreitchmann Regis , Leng Mei , Nielsen-Saines Karin , Gorbach Pamina M. , Klausner Jeffrey 
Published: September 2020

Background
Porto Alegre, Brazil, has the highest rates of congenital syphilis and HIV in the country. Other treatable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are associated with poor pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, but are only diagnosed by syndromic algorithms.

Methods
Between September 2018 and November 2019, we offered all pregnant women clinic-based STI testing for HIV antibody and treponemal antibody (via lateral flow assay rapid tests provided by the Brazilian Government) and for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis (via polymerase chain reaction–based testing provided by Gene Xpert, Sunnyvale, CA) in 10 public prenatal health clinics in Porto Alegre. Participating women answered a brief survey via audio computer-assisted survey instrument regarding demographics, partnerships, and sexual behaviors. All infected individuals received appropriate treatment and referrals.

Results
Of 400 pregnant women recruited, 94 (24%) were diagnosed with an STI, including 2% with HIV, 11% with syphilis, 9% with chlamydia, 1% with gonorrhea, 5% with trichomoniasis, and 3% with more than 1 STI. In our multivariate analysis, younger age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1–1.2), being non-White (AOR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1–3.1), having less education (AOR, 2; 95% CI, 1.2–3.4), and having a relationship <1 year (AOR, 2; 95% CI, 1.1–3.6) were all independent predictors of women having an STI. Endorsing symptoms of an STI (e.g., vaginal ulcers/lesions and vaginal discharge) was not predictive of having a laboratory-diagnosed STI (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 0.7–1.7).

Conclusions
Etiologic-based screening for STIs was uniformly accepted by women attending both hospital-based and primary health clinics in the south of Brazil and can result in appropriate treatment of pregnant women.
High Prevalence of Chlamydia and Gonorrhea and the Need for Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Hakim Avi J. , Iwamoto Chelsea , Badman Steven G. , Willie Barne , Pekon Simon , Aeno Herick , Neo-Boli Ruthy , Ase Sophie , Weikum Damian , Vallely Andrew J. , Kelly-Hanku Angela ,   on behalf of the Kauntim mi tu Study Team
Published: September 2020

Background
Papua New Guinea has among the highest prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in the world but no estimates of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, or hepatitis B virus (HBV) are available among men who have sex with men (MSM) or transgender women (TGW).

Methods
We conducted respondent-driven sampling surveys among MSM and TGW in Port Moresby, Lae, and Mt Hagen (2016–2017) to characterize the prevalence of these infections. Eligibility criteria were as follows: aged ≥12 years, born male, could speak English or Tok Pisin, and had oral or anal sex with another person born male in the past 6 months. Participants were surveyed face-to-face and offered testing for anorectal and genital chlamydia and gonorrhea, syphilis, HIV, and HBV. All results are respondent-driven sampling weighted.

Results
We enrolled 400 participants in Port Moresby, 352 in Lae, and 111 in Mt Hagen. Chlamydia prevalence rates in the 3 cities regardless of anatomical site were 19.9%, 19.2%, and 24.3%, respectively. Gonorrhea prevalence rates regardless of anatomical site were 10.3%, 9.4%, and 9.6%, respectively. Hepatitis B virus prevalence rates were 11.7%, 13.8%, and 13.6%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, syphilis was associated with having either chlamydia or gonorrhea in Port Moresby (adjusted odds ratio, 4.0; 95% confidence interval, 2.0–7.9) and Lae (adjusted odds ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.2–5.0).

Conclusions
There is a large unmet need among MSM and TGW in Papua New Guinea for chlamydia and gonorrhea detection and treatment. The high prevalence of HBV reinforces the importance of ensuring introduction and scale-up of HBV treatment and immunization. Urgent efforts are needed to introduce laboratory-based diagnosis for chlamydia and gonorrhea to ensure these populations have access to much needed treatment services.
A pain science education and walking program to increase physical activity in people with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a feasibility study
Authors: Stanton Tasha R. , Karran Emma L. , Butler David S. , Hull Melissa J. , Schwetlik Sarah N. , Braithwaite Felicity A. , Jones Hannah G. , Moseley G. Lorimer , Hill Catherine L. , Tomkins-Lane Christy , Maher Carol , Bennell Kim 
Published: September 2020

Abstract:

Introduction:
Nine of 10 people with knee osteoarthritis are inactive. Unhelpful pain beliefs may negatively influence physical activity levels. Targeting these unhelpful pain beliefs, through contemporary pain science education (PSE), may provide benefit.

Objectives:
To evaluate the feasibility of conducting a clinical trial to determine the effect of adding PSE (vs adding sham ultrasound) to an individualised, physiotherapist-led education and walking program in people with painful knee osteoarthritis.

Methods:
Twenty participants were randomised (1:1) into the PSE group or Control group, each receiving 4 in-person weekly treatments, then 4 weeks of at-home activities (weekly telephone check-in). Clinical outcomes and physical activity (7 days of wrist-worn accelerometry) were assessed at baseline, 4 (clinical outcomes only), 8, and 26 weeks. A priori feasibility criteria for recruitment, intervention adherence, viability of wrist-based accelerometry, and follow-up retention were set. Perceived intervention credibility, acceptability, and usefulness from participants and clinicians were assessed (ratings, written/verbal feedback).

Results:
Most feasibility criteria were met. On average, 7 adults/wk were eligible, with 70% recruited. Treatment compliance was high (in-person: 80% PSE; 100% Control; at-home: 78% PSE; 75% Control). Wrist-based accelerometry had >75% valid wear-time. Sufficient follow-up rates were not achieved (26 weeks: 65%). Participant and clinician feedback highlighted that PSE was too complex and did not match patient expectations of “physiotherapy”, that sham ultrasound was problematic (clinician), but that both treatments had high credibility, acceptability, and usefulness.

Conclusions:
Progression to a full trial is warranted. Strategies to increase participant retention, refine the PSE content/delivery, and replace/remove the sham intervention are required.
Mechanism of exercise-induced analgesia: what we can learn from physically active animals
Authors: Lesnak Joseph B. , Sluka Kathleen A. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract:
Physical activity has become a first-line treatment in rehabilitation settings for individuals with chronic pain. However, research has only recently begun to elucidate the mechanisms of exercise-induced analgesia. Through the study of animal models, exercise has been shown to induce changes in the brain, spinal cord, immune system, and at the site of injury to prevent and reduce pain. Animal models have also explored beneficial effects of exercise through different modes of exercise including running, swimming, and resistance training. This review will discuss the central and peripheral mechanisms of exercise-induced analgesia through different modes, intensity, and duration of exercise as well as clinical applications of exercise with suggestions for future research directions.
Optimization of Contrast Agent Dosage on Contrast-Enhanced T2 Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery: An In Vitro and In Vivo Study
Authors: Rui Wenting , Jin Teng , Zhang Hua , Wang Jing , Ren Yan , Wu Shiman , Bai Jing , Zhang Junhai , Yao Zhenwei 
Published: September 2020

Objective
This study aimed to ascertain the minimum gadolinium dosage on contrast-enhanced (CE) T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) at appropriate imaging time.

Methods
Different dosages of gadodiamide were imaged with a 3.0-T magnetic resonance scanner for T2-FLAIR and T1WI. Twenty glioma-induced rat models were randomly assigned into 4 groups (1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8 of routine dosage) and imaged for T2-FLAIR and T1WI preinjection and postinjection of gadodiamide. Contrast-enhanced T2-FLAIR was acquired for 8 repetitions postinjection. Enhancement effects were assessed by calculating contrast-noise ratio and contrast ratio using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney rank sum test.

Results
The in vitro experiment showed that gadodiamide at 1/4 of the T1WI dosage presented the best contrast on CE-T2-FLAIR. For in vivo study, the best enhancement effect on CE-T2-FLAIR was achieved at 1/2 of the routine dosage at 8 to 12 minutes of delayed scanning. Compared with CE-T1WI at routine dosage, CE-T2-FLAIR at 1/2 gadodiamide dosage presented similar enhancement effects with no statistical difference (P = 0.244 and 0.090 for contrast-noise ratio and contrast ratio, respectively).

Conclusions
Contrast-enhanced T2-FLAIR imaging with half of T1WI routine gadodiamide dosage can produce similar enhancement effects to CE-T1WI when characterizing brain gliomas. The cut-down of contrast agent dosage may help reduce gadolinium accumulation in certain tissues.
Texture Analysis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma on Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Assessment for Performance in Predicting Histopathologic Grade
Authors: Choi Jeong Min , Yu Jeong-Sik , Cho Eun-Suk , Kim Joo Hee , Chung Jae-Joon 
Published: September 2020

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of texture analysis for discriminating the histopathological grade of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on magnetic resonance imaging.

Methods
Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging data from 101 patients with HCC, including T2-weighted imaging, arterial phase, and apparent diffusion coefficient mapping, were analyzed using texture analysis software (TexRAD). Differences among the histological groups were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The performance of texture features was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Results
Entropy was the most significantly relevant texture feature for distinguishing each histological grade group of HCC (P < 0.05). In ROC analysis, entropy with spatial scale filter 3 (area under curve the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC], 0.778), mean with coarse filter (spatial scale filter 5; AUC, 0.670), and skewness without filtration (AUC, 0.760) had the highest AUC value on T2-weighted imaging, arterial phase, and apparent diffusion coefficient maps, respectively.

Conclusions
Magnetic resonance imaging texture analysis demonstrated potential for predicting the histopathological grade of HCCs.
Fat-Water Swaps in Iterative Decomposition of Water and Fat With Echo Asymmetry and Least-Squares Estimation Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Postinstrumentation Spine
Authors: Chiang I-Chan , Lu Chia-Hsin , Chung Wei-Shiuan , Huang Yu-Fang , Hsieh Tsyh-Jyi 
Published: September 2020

ObjectiveTo determine the frequencies of fat-water swaps in iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL) water-only images of the postinstrumentation spine and discuss the efficiency of in-phase imaging in improving visibility of the thecal sac.Materials and MethodsA total of 276 patients (167 women; mean age, 62.3 years; range, 23–89 years) with metallic devices on the lumbar spine who received complete routine 1.5 T MR imaging, including axial and sagittal images of T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and T2-weighted IDEAL sequences, were included. The exclusion criteria were significant motion artifacts and severe metallic artifacts in any one of the sequences. The images were reviewed by two radiologists to identify fat-water swaps that were divided into 3 groups: extraspinal swaps, intraspinal swaps in sagittal images, and intraspinal swaps in axial images. The qualitative evaluations for the spinal canal in axial images were performed by rating on a five-point scale. Side-by-side comparisons of T2-weighted images and IDEAL in-phase images were also performed.ResultsIn patient-based data of 276 patients, extraspinal fat-water swaps were noted in 10 patients (3.6%) and intraspinal swaps were noted in 160 patients (58.0%). The intraspinal swaps had a higher incidence in the patients with more levels of metallic devices with screws and the trend was not noted in the extraspinal swaps. A total of 928 axial levels were evaluated in the level-based data of axial images. T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and IDEAL in-phase images had significantly better imaging quality than the IDEAL water-only images (3.9 ± 0.4, 3.9 ± 0.3, 3.8 ± 0.4 vs 3.0 ± 1.3, allP< 0.001). Compared with T2-weighted images, most of the IDEAL in-phase images (reader 1, 90.9%; reader 2, 86.7%) present similar quality.ConclusionIterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation sequence can provide good fat suppression in most spine MRI with metallic devices but the loss of cerebrospinal fluid signal intensities due to fat-water swaps are noted in more than half of postinstrumentation spine. Routine reconstruction of in-phase images is recommended to improve evaluation of the thecal sac by avoiding pitfall caused by fat-water swaps.
Combined Vascular Resection for Locally Advanced Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Mizuno Takashi , Ebata Tomoki , Yokoyama Yukihiro , Igami Tsuyoshi , Yamaguchi Junpei , Onoe Shunsuke , Watanabe Nobuyuki , Kamei Yuzuru , Nagino Masato 
Published: September 2020

Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined vascular resection (VR) in advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PHC).

Summary of Background Data:
Hepatectomy combined with portal vein resection (PVR) and/or hepatic artery resection (HAR) is technically demanding but an option only for tumor eradication against PHC involving the hilar hepatic inflow vessels; however, its efficacy and safety have not been well evaluated.

Methods:
Patients diagnosed with PHC during 2001–2018 were included. Patients who underwent resection were divided according to combined VR. Patients undergoing VR were subdivided according to type of VR. Postoperative outcomes and OS were compared between patient groups.

Results:
Among the 1055 consecutive patients, 787 (75%) underwent resection (without VR: n = 484, PVR: n = 157, HAR: n = 146). The incidences of postoperative complications and mortality were 49% (without VR vs with VR, 48% vs 50%; P
= 0.715) and 2.1% (without VR vs with VR, 1.2% vs 3.6%; P
= 0.040), respectively. The OS of patients who underwent resection with VR (median, 30 months) was shorter than that of those who underwent resection without VR (median, 61 months; P < 0.0001); however, it was longer than that of those who did not undergo resection (median, 10 months; P < 0.0001). OS was not significantly different between those who underwent PVR and those who underwent HAR (median, 29 months vs 34 months; P = 0.517).

Conclusion:
VR salvages a large number of patients from having locally advanced PHC that is otherwise unresectable and is recommended if the hilar hepatic inflow vessels are reconstructable, providing acceptable surgical outcomes and substantial survival benefits.