bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural Indices Mediating Rhyme Discrimination Differ for Some Young Children Who Stutter Regardless of Eventual Recovery or Persistence
Authors: Gerwin Katelyn L. , Weber Christine 
Published: April 2020

PurposePrevious studies of neural processing of rhyme discrimination in 7- to 8-year-old children who stutter (CWS) distinguished children who had recovered, children who had persisted, and children who did not stutter (CWNS; Mohan & Weber, 2015). Here, we investigate neural processing mediating rhyme discrimination for early acquired real words in younger CWS and CWNS (4;1–6;0 years;months), when rhyming abilities are newly emerging, to examine possible relationships toeventualrecovery (CWS-eRec) and persistence in stuttering (CWS-ePer).MethodChildren performed a rhyme discrimination task while their event-related brain potentials were recorded. CWNS, CWS-eRec, and CWS-ePer had similar speech and language abilities. Inclusionary criteria incorporated at least 70% accuracy for rhyme discrimination. Analyses focused on the mean amplitude of the N400 component elicited by rhyming and nonrhyming words in anterior and posterior regions of interest.ResultsCWNS, CWS-eRec, and CWS-ePer displayed a classic event-related potential rhyme effect for rhyme discrimination characterized by larger amplitude, posteriorly distributed N400s elicited by nonrhyming targets compared to rhyming targets. CWNS displayed a more robust anterior rhyme effect compared to the CWS groups with a larger amplitude N400 anteriorly for the rhyming targets. This effect was more consistent across individual CWNS than CWS.ConclusionsThe groups of CWNS, CWS-eRec, and CWS-ePer, who had all developed rhyming discrimination abilities, exhibited similar underlying neural processes mediating phonological processing of early acquired words for the classic central-parietal rhyme effect. However, individual variability of the anterior rhyme effect suggested differences in specific aspects of phonological processing for some CWS-eRec and CWS-ePer compared to CWNS.
Communication Sciences and Disorders PhD Graduates' Perceptions of Their PhD Program
Authors: Crais Elizabeth , Savage Melody Harrison 
Published: April 2020

Purpose
The shortage of doctor of philosophy (PhD)–level applicants to fill academic and research positions in communication sciences and disorders (CSD) programs calls for a detailed examination of current CSD PhD educational practices and the generation of creative solutions. The intended purposes of the article are to encourage CSD faculty to examine their own PhD program practices and consider the perspectives of recent CSD PhD graduates in determining the need for possible modifications.

Method
The article describes the results of a survey of 240 CSD PhD graduates and their perceptions of the challenges and facilitators to completing a PhD degree; the quality of their preparation in research, teaching, and job readiness; and ways to improve PhD education.

Results
Two primary themes emerged from the data highlighting the need for “matchmaking.” The first time point of needed matchmaking is prior to entry among students, mentors, and expectations as well as between aspects of the program that can lead to students' success and graduation. The second important matchmaking need is between the actual PhD preparation and the realities of the graduates' career expectations, and those placed on graduates by their employers.

Conclusions
Within both themes, graduate's perspectives and suggestions to help guide future doctoral preparation are highlighted. The graduates' recommendations could be used by CSD PhD program faculty to enhance the quality of their program and the likelihood of student success and completion.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.11991480
Bus arrival time prediction and measure of uncertainties using survival models
Authors: Sharmila R.B. , Velaga Nagendra R. , Choudhary Pushpa 
Published: April 2020

This study uses survival models to estimate the arrival time of buses at the downstream stops and intersections. Both accelerated failure time (AFT) and Cox regression based hazard models were considered in this study. Two different types of events: (i) buses arriving at bus stops and (ii) buses arriving at signalised intersections were included for measuring arrival times. Weibull and log‐logistic distribution models were fitted for obtaining the arrival times against both the events separately. Various other factors such as distance, speed, bus stop dwell time, passenger count, gradient of the road, intersection length and signal details which included green time, red time, cycle length and so on were considered as explanatory variables. The proposed study was tested on a study corridor of length 59.48 km in the Mumbai arterial roads using public transport (buses). The results reveal that arrival times predicted using the developed models provided smaller uncertainties for 70% of the prediction and reduced prediction variation by 10%. The mean absolute percentage error value obtained for the AFT survival models was 10.04. Overall, the AFT model approach appears to be a promising method compared to Cox regression to predict bus arrival times and the associated uncertainties.
Improving spectroscopic lithium abundances
Authors: Mott A. , Steffen M. , Caffau E. , Strassmeier K. G. 
Published: April 2020

Context. Accurate spectroscopic lithium abundances are essential in addressing a variety of open questions, such as the origin of a uniform lithium content in the atmospheres of metal-poor stars (Spite plateau) or the existence of a correlation between the properties of extrasolar planetary systems and the lithium abundance in the atmosphere of their host stars.
Aims. We have developed a tool that allows the user to improve the accuracy of standard lithium abundance determinations based on 1D model atmospheres and the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) by applying corrections that account for hydrodynamic (3D) and non-LTE (NLTE) effects in FGK stars of different metallicity.
Methods. Based on a grid of CO5BOLD 3D models and associated 1D hydrostatic atmospheres, we computed three libraries of synthetic spectra of the lithium λ 670.8 nm line for a wide range of lithium abundances, accounting for detailed line formation in 3D NLTE, 1D NLTE, and 1D LTE, respectively. The resulting curves-of-growth were then used to derive 3D NLTE and 1D NLTE lithium abundance corrections.
Results. For all metallicities, the largest corrections are found at the coolest effective temperature, Teff = 5000 K. They are mostly positive, up to + 0.2 dex, for the weakest lines (lithium abundance A(Li)1DLTE = 1.0), whereas they become more negative towards lower metallicities, where they can reach − 0.4 dex for the strongest lines (A(Li)1DLTE = 3.0) at [Fe/H] = − 2.0. We demonstrate that 3D and NLTE effects are small for metal-poor stars on the Spite plateau, leading to errors of at most ± 0.05 dex if ignored. We present analytical functions evaluating the 3D NLTE and 1D NLTE corrections as a function of Teff [5000…6500 K], log g [3.5…4.5], and LTE lithium abundance A(Li) [1.0…3.0] for a fixed grid of metallicities [Fe∕H] [ − 3.0…0.0]. In addition, we also provide analytical fitting functions for directly converting a given lithium abundance into an equivalent width, or vice versa, a given equivalent width (EW) into a lithium abundance. For convenience, a Python script is made available that evaluates all fitting functions for given Teff, log g, [Fe∕H], and A(Li) or EW.
Conclusions. By means of the fitting functions developed in this work, the results of complex 3D and NLTE calculations are made readily accessible and quickly applicable to large samples of stars across a wide range of metallicities. Improving the accuracy of spectroscopic lithium abundance determinations will contribute to a better understanding of the open questions related to the lithium content in metal-poor and solar-like stellar atmospheres.
Planet formation by pebble accretion in ringed disks
Authors: Morbidelli A. 
Published: April 2020

Context.Pebble accretion is expected to be the dominant process for the formation of massive solid planets, such as the cores of giant planets and super-Earths. So far, this process has been studied under the assumption that dust coagulates and drifts throughout the full protoplanetary disk. However, observations show that many disks are structured in rings that may be due to pressure maxima, preventing the global radial drift of the dust.Aims.We aim to study how the pebble-accretion paradigm changes if the dust is confined in a ring.Methods.Our approach is mostly analytic. We derived a formula that provides an upper bound to the growth of a planet as a function of time. We also numerically implemented the analytic formulæ to compute the growth of a planet located in a typical ring observed in the DSHARP survey, as well as in a putative ring rescaled at 5 AU.Results.Planet Type I migration is stopped in a ring, but not necessarily at its center. If the entropy-driven corotation torque is desaturated, the planet is located in a region with low dust density, which severely limits its accretion rate. If the planet is instead near the ring’s center, its accretion rate can be similar to the one it would have in a classic (ringless) disk of equivalent dust density. However, the growth rate of the planet is limited by the diffusion of dust in the ring, and the final planet mass is bounded by the total ring mass. The DSHARP rings are too far from the star to allow the formation of massive planets within the disk’s lifetime. However, a similar ring rescaled to 5 AU could lead to the formation of a planet incorporating the full ring mass in less than 1/2 My.Conclusions.The existence of rings may not be an obstacle to planet formation by pebble-accretion. However, for accretion to be effective, the resting position of the planet has to be relatively near the ring’s center, and the ring needs to be not too far from the central star. The formation of planets in rings can explain the existence of giant planets with core masses smaller than the so-called pebble isolation mass.
Resektion eines intramedullären Tumors: How I do it
Authors: Klekamp Jörg 
Published: April 2020

ZusammenfassungDie operative Behandlung intramedullärer Tumoren zählt zu den anspruchsvollsten Aufgaben in der Neurochirurgie. In diesem Artikel wird die mikrochirurgische Technik zur Entfernung der häufigsten histologischen Typen dargestellt. Dank der technischen Entwicklungen bei der Diagnostik mittels Kernspintomographie, dem intraoperativen Monitoring der Rückenmarkfunktionen und den mikrochirurgischen Verfahren kann ein Großteil der meist gutartigen Tumoren funktionserhaltend entfernt werden, sofern der Eingriff vor der Entwicklung gravierender neurologischer Störungen vorgenommen wird.
Vegane Kinderernährung: Hinweise zur praktischen Umsetzung
Authors: Alexy Ute , Weder Stine , Hoffmann Morwenna , Keller Markus 
Published: April 2020

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Immer mehr Menschen entscheiden sich für eine vegane Ernährung ohne tierische Lebensmittel, darunter auch Familien mit Kindern.
Material und Methodik Die bekannten lebensmittelbezogenen Empfehlungen für die Ernährung von Säuglingen (der Ernährungsplan für das 1. Lebensjahr) und Kindern und Jugendlichen (die Optimierte Mischkost, OMK) werden an die Anforderungen einer veganen Ernährung angepasst.
Ergebnisse Der im Ernährungsplan vorgesehene Gemüse-Kartoffel-Fleisch-Brei kann durch einen Gemüse-Kartoffel-Getreide-Brei ersetzt werden. Der Milch-Getreide-Brei kann mit einer kommerziellen Sojanahrung zubereitet werden, die auch für nicht gestillte Säuglinge, die keine Kuhmilch bekommen sollen, als Flaschennahrung geeignet ist. Für Kinder und Jugendliche wurden nach derselben Vorgehensweise wie für die OMK eine Optimierte Vegane Kost (OVK) berechnet, mit der die aktuellen Referenzwerte für die Energie- und Nährstoffzufuhr erreicht werden. Eine Supplementierung mit Vitamin B12 ist für alle vegan ernährten Säuglinge, Kinder und Jugendliche obligatorisch.
Schlussfolgerung Im Artikel wird aufgezeigt, wie der Bedarf an potenziell kritischen Nährstoffen auch im Wachstumsalter durch pflanzliche Lebensmittel, ergänzt durch die gezielte Auswahl angereicherter Lebensmittel und Supplemente, gedeckt werden kann.
High-quality colon cleansing and multiple neoplasia detection with 1L NER1006 versus mid-volume options: Post hoc analysis of phase 3 clinical trials
Authors: Epstein Michael S. , Benamouzig Robert , Halonen Juha , Bisschops Raf 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Multiple neoplasia increase the risk of colorectal cancer. High-quality cleansing may improve adenoma detection. We assessed whether a new bowel preparation can improve colon cleansing and multiple lesion detection.
Patients and methods This post hoc analysis of two randomized clinical trials in Europe and the US assessed the per study and combined cleansing efficacy of overnight split dosing with (preparation + clear fluids) 1 + 1 L polyethylene glycol (PEG) NER1006 versus 2 + 1 L PEG + ascorbate (2LPEG) or 1 + 2 L oral sulfate solution (OSS) combined. Treatment-blinded central readers assessed cleansing quality using the Harefield Cleansing Scale (HCS). Patients with full segmental scoring were included. HCS segmental scores 0–4 (high-quality = HCS 3–4) were analyzed for NER1006 versus 2LPEG/OSS. Mean number of polyps or adenomas per patient (MPP/MAP) was calculated for treatments in patients with at least one polyp or adenoma.
Results In 1037 patients, NER1006 attained a greater rate of HCS 3 scores (29 % vs. 20 %; P < 0.001) and HCS 4 scores (20 % vs. 17 %; P = 0.007) versus 2LPEG/OSS. More polyps (678 versus 585) and adenomas (397 versus 331) were detected with NER1006 (N = 517) versus 2LPEG/OSS (N = 520). In all neoplasia-positive patients, with increasing minimal per-patient neoplasia multiplicity from 1 to 10, NER1006 numerically improved MPP (difference ± SE: 0.48 ± 0.24 to 3.89 ± 3.37) and MAP (0.47 ± 0.26 to 7.50 ± 9.00) versus 2LPEG/OSS.
Conclusions Low-volume NER1006 enhances high-quality cleansing versus medium-volume 2LPEG or OSS, individually and when combined. NER1006 may consequently facilitate the detection of multiple neoplasia in patients.
Long-term outcomes of per-oral endoscopic myotomy in achalasia patients with a minimum follow-up of 4 years: a multicenter study
Authors: Brewer Gutierrez Olaya I. , Moran Robert A. , Familiari Pietro , Dbouk Mohamad H. , Costamagna Guido , Ichkhanian Yervant , Seewald Stefan , Bapaye Amol , Cho Joo Young , Barret Maximilien , Eleftheriadis Nikolas , Pioche Mathieu , Hayee Bu' Hussain , Tantau Marcel , Ujiki Michael , Landi Rosario , Invernizzi Martina , Yoo In Kyung , Roman Sabine , Haji Amyn , Hedberg H. Mason , Parsa Nasim , Mion Francois , Fayad Lea , Kumbhari Vivek , Agarwalla Anant , Ngamruengphong Saowanee , Sanaei Omid , Ponchon Thierry , Khashab Mouen A. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background and study aims Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is associated with a short-term clinical response of 82 % to 100 % in treatment of patients with achalasia. Data are limited on the long-term durability of the clinical response in these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term outcomes of patients undergoing POEM for management of achalasia.
Methods This was a retrospective multicenter cohort study of consecutive patients who underwent POEM for management of achalasia. Patients had a minimum of 4 years follow-up. Clinical response was defined by an Eckardt score ≤ 3.
Results A total of 146 patients were included from 11 academic medical centers. Mean (± SD) age was 49.8 (± 16) years and 79 (54 %) were female. The most common type of achalasia was type II, seen in 70 (47.9 %) patients, followed by type I seen in 41 (28.1 %) patients. Prior treatments included: pneumatic dilation in 29 (19.9 %), botulinum toxin injection in 13 (8.9 %) and Heller myotomy in seven patients (4.8 %). Eight adverse events occurred (6 mucosotomies, 2 pneumothorax) in eight patients (5.5 %). Median follow-up duration was 55 months (IQR 49.9–60.6). Clinical response was observed in 139 (95.2 %) patients at follow-up of ≥ 48 months. Symptomatic reflux after POEM was seen in 45 (32.1 %) patients, while 35.3 % of patients were using daily PPI at 48 months post POEM. Reflux esophagitis was noted in 16.8 % of patients who underwent endoscopy.
Conclusion POEM is a durable and safe procedure with an acceptably low adverse event rate and an excellent long-term clinical response.
Die Universitätsambulanz für Integrative Gesundheitsver-sorgung und Naturheilkunde an der Universität Witten/Herdecke – ein Modell für die ambulante Versorgung der Zukunft?
Authors: Altmann Nina , Kerckhoff Annette , Esch Tobias 
Published: April 2020

SummaryDie Universitätsambulanz für IntegrativeGesundheitsversorgung und Naturheilkunde(UnIG) am Standort Witten/Herdecke ist einPilotprojekt, welches ein bundesweit neuesOrganisationsmodell für die Integrative Gesundheitsversorgungin ambulanten Strukturenerprobt und evaluiert. Im Vordergrundsteht die Förderung des Selbstmanagementsder Patienten. Diese soll durch eine integrativeBehandlung in einem multiprofessionellenTeam erreicht werden.
Middle East and North African Health Informatics Association (MENAHIA)
Authors: Alhuwail Dari , Al-Jafar Eiman , Alshammari Riyad , Al-Shorbaji Najeeb , El Hassan Osama , Al-Hamdan Zaid , Alshammari Abdulwahhab , Luque Luis Fernandez , AL Salmi Salim , Taweel Adel , AlKhalifa Khalid , Househ Mowafa , Al Thani Dena A. 
Published: April 2020

SummaryOver the years, Health Informatics initiatives in the Middle East and North African region have been thriving with a number of different educational, scientific, professional, and technological developments taking place. Within the past year, Health Informatics initiatives in the region have focused on the educational and capacity building efforts. This regional report provides an overview of the wide spectrum of initiatives and developments that are taking place within the region which are supported by the Middle East and North African Health Informatics Association (MENAHIA).
Ethical Considerations for Participatory Health through Social Media: Healthcare Workforce and Policy Maker Perspectives
Authors: Rivera-Romero Octavio , Konstantinidis Stathis , Denecke Kerstin , Gabarrón Elia , Petersen Carolyn , Househ Mowafa , Merolli Mark , Mayer Miguel Ángel 
Published: April 2020

Summary
Objectives: To identify the different ethical issues that should be considered in participatory health through social media from different stakeholder perspectives (i.e., patients/service users, health professionals, health information technology (If) professionals, and policy makers) in any healthcare context.
Methods: We implemented a two-round survey composed of open ended questions in the first round, aggregated into a list of ethical issues rated for importance by participants in the second round, to generate a ranked list of possible ethical issues in participatory health based on healthcare professionals’ and policy makers’ opinions on both their own point of view and their beliefs for other stakeholders’ perspectives.
Results: Twenty-six individuals responded in the first round of the survey. Multiple ethical issues were identified for each perspective. Data privacy, data security, and digital literacy were common themes in all perspectives. Thirty-three individuals completed the second round of the survey. Data privacy and data security were ranked among the three most important ethical issues in all perspectives. Quality assurance was the most important issue from the healthcare professionals’ perspective and the second most important issue from the patients’ perspective. Data privacy was the most important consideration for patients/service users. Digital literacy was ranked as the fourth most important issue, except for policy makers’ perspective.
Conclusions: Different stakeholders’ opinions fairly agreed that there are common ethical issues that should be considered across the four groups (patients, healthcare professionals, health IT professionals, policy makers) such as data privacy, security, and quality assurance.
Neuroprotective Efficacy of Prophylactic Antiepileptic Therapies in Busulfan Conditioning Regimen
Authors: Cokyaman Turgay , Elli Murat , Aydin Ömer F. , Albayrak Canan , Albayrak Davut , Özyürek Emel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBusulfan (BU) is commonly used in the anticancer treatment and bone marrow/hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (BM/HSCT) conditioning regimen. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective efficacy of antiepileptic therapies in the BU conditioning regimen. Patients who underwent BM/HSCT between January 1, 2009, and January 1, 2014, were evaluated retrospectively. Diagnosis, demographic characteristics, neurological side effects, electroencephalography (EEG) abnormalities, and antiepileptic drugs were determined. Levetiracetam was given to 49% and phenytoin to 23% of patients as antiepileptic prophylaxis. After BU treatment, seizures developed in three patients, posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy in two patients, and peripheral neuropathy in two patients. Forty-five patients who underwent EEG before and after BU treatment were identified. The effects of antiepileptic prophylaxis over the electroencephalographic abnormalities after the BU conditioning regimen were found to be not different (p = 0.491). Neurological side effects and electroencephalographic abnormalities following BU conditioning regimen under antiepileptic prophylaxis are comparable.
Predictive Factors for Return to Driving following Volar Plate Fixation of Distal Radius Fracture
Authors: Poiset Spencer , Abboudi Jack , Gallant Gregory , Jones Christopher , Kirkpatrick William , Kwok Moody , Liss Frederic , Rivlin Michael , Takei T. Robert , Wang Mark , Ilyas Asif M. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background A common query by patients undergoing distal radius fracture (DRF) repair is when (s)he can resume driving postoperatively. A prospective cohort analysis was performed to assess fracture and patient factors on a patient's self-reported ability to return to driving to better inform patients and surgeons.
Methods Consecutive patients undergoing DRF repair with locking volar plate were enrolled. Preoperative demographic and radiographic characteristics, and postoperative time to return to driving were collected. Data collected included age, sex, hand dominance, body mass index (BMI), level of education, concomitant ulnar fracture, fracture setting prior to surgery, and AO fracture classification.
Results A total of 131 patients were enrolled (108 women, 23 men) with 36 AO type A, 22 AO type B, and 73 AO type C DRFs, with an average age of 59.5 years. Fracture severity by classification did not significantly affect time to return to driving. However, BMI, sex, and age were found to significantly affect time to return to driving. Patients aged 19 to 59 years, 60 to 75 years, and over 75 years returned to driving 13.1, 15.4, and 30.1 days following surgery, respectively (p < 0.01). Classified by BMI, patients that were normal weight, overweight, and obese returned to driving 11.5, 13.1, and 21.0 days following surgery, respectively (p < 0.05). Men returned to driving 8.8 days and women 17.3 days postoperatively (p = 0.001).
Conclusion Patients severity of fracture as determined by AO fracture type did not affect time to driving, while increased BMI, female sex, and increased age were found to be significant factors in patients' return to driving time after distal radius fracture repair.
Level of Evidence This is a Level II, prospective cohort study.