bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated circulating luteinizing hormone levels are associated with diabetic macroalbuminuria in Chinese men and postmenopausal women: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zhou Yue , Shen Liyan , Dong Bingzi , Liu Chuanfeng , Lv Wenshan , Chi Jingwei , Che Kui , Gao Yanyan , Wang Yunyang , Wang Yangang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundAssociations between sex hormones and diabetic vascular complications have recently been studied, but the role luteinizing hormone (LH) plays in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the relationship of LH and DKD in Chinese men and postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsData were collected from 1775 T2DM men and postmenopausal women in hospital. The odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) in relation to LH quartiles were obtained by multiple logistic regression analysis.ResultsLH levels were significantly higher in patients with macroalbuminuria than in those with microalbuminuria, but were not higher in patients with microalbuminuria than in those with normoalbuminuria. Consistently, LH in those with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73m2 were significantly higher than in those with eGFR≥60 mL/min/1.73m2. The prevalence of macroalbuminuria was obviously increased for subjects of the fourth quartile of LH vs the first to third quartile (20.4% vs 6.2%, 8.0%, 12.2% in men; 25.3% vs 5.5%, 3.8%, 9.3% in postmenopausal women). Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that subjects within the highest quartile of LH had higher odds of macroalbuminuria than those within the lowest quartile (OR 4.00, 95% CI, 1.87‐8.55 for men; OR 9.62, 95% CI, 3.42‐27.08 for postmenopausal women), independent of age, diabetes duration, or other metabolic factors. The area under the curve for detecting macroalbuminuria based on LH was 0.662 for men, and 0.767 for postmenopausal women.ConclusionHigh LH levels are positively associated with established DKD among Chinese men and postmenopausal women. Elevated LH may be a promising clinical factor for identifying established DKD.
Null models for animal social network analysis and data collected via focal sampling: Pre‐network or node network permutation?
Authors: Puga‐Gonzalez Ivan , Sueur Cédric , Sosa Sebastian 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

In social networks analysis, two different approaches have predominated in creating null models for hypothesis testing, namely pre‐network and node network permutation approaches. Although the pre‐network permutation approach appears more advantageous, its use has mainly been restricted to data on associations and sampling methods such as ‘group follows’.

The pre‐network permutation approach has recently been adapted to data on interactions and the focal sampling method, but its performance in different scenarios has not been thoroughly explored. Here, we assessed the performance of the pre‐network and node network permutation approach in several simulated scenarios based on proneness to false positive or false negatives and with or without observation bias.

Our results showed that the pre‐network permutation was sensitive to false positives in scenarios with or without observation bias. The node network permutation approach produced fewer false positives and negatives than the pre‐network approach, but only in scenarios without observation bias. In scenarios with observation bias, the node network permutation approach was outperformed by pre‐network permutation.

Caution should be taken when using the pre‐network and node network permutations to create null models with data collected via focal sampling. This study provides future methodological research perspectives for social network analyses.
Evaluation of the proposed anti‐N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor encephalitis clinical diagnostic criteria in psychiatric patients
Authors: Warren N. , O'Gorman C. , Blum S. , Kisely S. , Swayne A. , Flavell J. , Siskind D. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractObjectiveThe gold standard for diagnosing anti‐NMDAR encephalitis is demonstration of the antibody in CSF. Clinical diagnostic criteria have been proposed for when this is not available in a timely manner which is evaluated, in this study, for a psychiatric population.MethodsThis study retrospectively assessed the proposed criteria in patients presenting to psychiatric services for the first time with known anti‐NMDAR antibody status. Antibody‐positive cases were derived from the literature (conception to December 2019) and a state‐wide (Queensland, Australia) cohort. Antibody‐negative cases were derived from a service‐wide (Metro South, Queensland, Australia) cohort of psychiatric cases which underwent antibody testing for routine organic screening. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated at 1 week following admission and the point of discharge.ResultsThe proposed criteria were applied to 641 cases (500 antibody‐positive and 141 antibody‐negative), demonstrating a sensitivity which increased from around 19% after 1 week to 49% by the point of discharge. Specificity was 100% at both time points. The mean average time to become positive using the proposed criteria was 19.5 days compared to 34.9 days for return of antibody testing.ConclusionsHigh specificity of the proposed criteria, seen in this study, suggests that cases which are positive can be considered for expedited commencement of treatment. However, if clinical suspicion is high despite criteria being negative, it is essential to test CSF for anti‐NMDAR antibody.
Understanding electroconvulsive therapy‐related anxiety: a prospective study
Authors: Obbels J. , Vansteelandt K. , Verwijk E. , Lambrichts S. , Bouckaert F. , Sienaert P. 
Published: May 2020

Aims of studyAlthough electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)‐related anxiety is experienced by a significant proportion of patients, it remains understudied. Our aim was to study the course of ECT‐related anxiety during ECT.MethodsSeventy‐four patients with unipolar or bipolar depression, referred for ECT, were included. ECT‐related anxiety was assessed the morning before each ECT session using the ECT‐related Anxiety Questionnaire (ERAQ).ResultsFemale patients reported more anxiety than men (F(1,64.6) = 3.95, P = 0.05). Patients with a psychotic depression were more anxious before the start of ECT (F(64.8) = 4.57, P = 0.04), but experienced a significant decrease in ECT‐related anxiety (t(63.9) = −3.63, P = 0.0006), whereas patients with a non‐psychotic depression remained stable on anxiety during their ECT course (t(63,9) = 0.76, P = 0.45). In addition, we found a significant correlation between the decrease of ECT‐related anxiety and the decrease of depression‐severity (r = 0.35; P = 0.04).ConclusionThere are individual differences in ECT‐related anxiety trajectories during ECT. Both female patients and patients with psychotic depression experienced more ECT‐related anxiety before the start of ECT. The severity of ECT‐related anxiety decreased significantly in patients with a psychotic depression, but remained stable in patients without a psychotic depression during ECT. In addition, patients who showed a stronger decrease in depression‐severity also showed a stronger decrease in ECT‐related anxiety. A better understanding of ECT‐related anxiety trajectories can help in designing anxiety‐reducing interventions.
Structured Observation of Motor Performance in Infants: Level and quality associated with later motor development
Authors: Montgomery Cecilia , F. Kaul Ylva , Strand Brodd Katarina , Persson Kristina , Hellström‐Westas Lena 
Published: May 2020

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the level of motor development and the quality of motor performance during the first 10 months in relation to the Bayley Scales of Infant Development—third edition (Bayley‐III) motor index at 2.5 years.MethodsChildren born very preterm from a population‐based study (n = 113) were assessed with the Structured Observation of Motor Performance in Infants (SOMP‐I) at 2, 4, 6 and 10 months corrected age and the Bayley‐III motor index at 2.5 years corrected age (n = 98). Logistic regressions were performed to investigate the independent association of each SOMP‐I domain to Bayley‐III motor index.ResultsThere were significant associations between the SOMP‐I‐scores and Bayley‐III motor index per every assessment age. At 4 months, both level and quality were independently associated with a later motor outcome, OR for level was 1.26 (95% CI = 1.08‐1.50, P = .002) and for quality, 0.75 (95% CI = 0.63‐0.90, P = .002). Quality was independently associated with the Bayley‐III motor index at 6 and 10 months: OR 0.080 (95% CI = 0.67‐0.95 P = .010) and 0.79 (95% CI = 0.64‐0.97, P = .026).ConclusionBoth SOMP‐I domains, level and quality, are markers to identify motor problems early. Quality became more important with age.
The clinical features and predictive factors of nocturnal enuresis in adult men
Authors: Song Qi‐Xiang , Wang Lei , Cheng Xin , Hao Yiru , Liu Zhiyong , Abrams Paul 
Published: May 2020

ObjectivesTo characterise the clinical features and to discover predictive factors of adult males with nocturnal enuresis (NE).Patients and MethodsA total of 43 eligible adult male patients (mean age was 57.8 years) were recruited prospectively over a 2‐year period. After documentation of medical history, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) were assessed using the International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire‐male LUTS (ICIQ‐MLUTS), and a 3‐day ICIQ‐bladder diary (ICIQ‐BD). Video‐urodynamic studies (VUDS) were conducted conforming to the International Continence Society standards. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were performed to determine potential predictive factors.ResultsPatients with NE had a variety of LUTS and had a high incidence of obesity and comorbidities. On the ICIQ‐BD, NE was associated with nocturnal polyuria (NP), reduced nocturnal bladder capacity (NBC), or a combination of both. Subgroup analysis indicated that patients with more frequent NE had: higher body mass index (BMI); more comorbidities; reduced daytime urinary frequency and urgency quality of life (QoL) sub‐scores; and increased stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and nocturnal bedwetting sub‐scores. Patients with reduced NBC only, had fewer NE episodes, while patients with NP, or with both NP and reduced NBC were more likely have frequent NE. Multivariate analysis confirmed that: BMI; neurogenic causes; sub‐scores of SUI QoL and bedwetting domain; the presence of reduced NBC, and both NP and reduced NBC; and bladder outlet obstruction, were all independent predictive factors for the severity of NE.ConclusionsNE n the adult male should be systemically assessed and treated, as obesity, neurogenic disorders, excessive urine production, bladder storage and emptying dysfunctions are risk factors. Bladder diaries and VUDS provide valuable information on potential pathophysiological causes, which could assist clinical evaluation and selection of focussed treatment.
HBV-specific CD8 T cells present higher TNF-α expression but lower cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhao L , Jin Y , Yang C , Li C 
Published: May 2020

Summary
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is largely regarded as a proinflammatory cytokine, but several recent researches have demonstrated that TNF-α could possess immunoregulatory roles with potential to suppress anti-tumor immunity. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and HBV-specific CD8 T cells could exert anti-tumor roles in HCC patients. Here, we found that HBV-specific CD8 T cells, both in the peripheral blood and in the tumor microenvironment, were more enriched with TNF-α-expressing cells than interferon (IFN)-γ-expressing cells. Compared to IFN-γ-expressing HBV-specific CD8 T cells, TNF-α-expressing HBV-specific CD8 T cells presented lower expression of inhibitory checkpoint molecules, including programmed cell death (PD)-1, T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)-4. HBV-specific CD8 T cells could mediate the lysis of autologous primary tumor cells, and the inhibition of TNF-α could further elevate their cytotoxic capacity. Subsequently, we demonstrated that TNF-α inhibition in HBV-specific CD8 T cells could significantly increase granzyme B (GZMB) and perforin 1 (PRF1) expression while having no effect towards granzyme A (GZMA) expression. The addition of exogenous TNF-α at low levels had no consistent effect on the expression of GZMA, GZMB and PRF1, but at higher levels, exogenous TNF-α significantly reduced GZMA, GZMB and PRF1 expression. Overall, these results suggested that TNF-α-expressing cells probably presented a deleterious role in HCC but were enriched in HBV-specific CD8 T cells.
Art in my world: Exploring the visual art experiences in the everyday lives of young children and their impact on cultural capital
Authors: Robb Anna , Jindal‐Snape Divya , Levy Susan 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper presents data from a unique longitudinal study exploring the visual art experiences of nine children in two Scottish primary schools. Using a theoretical lens of cultural capital, the study is focused on spaces where children experience visual art and the value of these experiences, using arts‐informed, visual methods. While each child presented a particular insight, the findings question the value of current school visual art experience over other spaces. The findings also demonstrate the capacity of children to resist the control of cultural capital by adults, engaging with visual art on their own terms.
Young people, emotional suspicion and the emergence of paediatric selfhood in Palestine
Authors: Stryker Rachael 
Published: May 2020

AbstractThis paper explores young people's relationships to emotions and mental health care in Ramallah, Palestine. Palestinian young people—via public anger, sadness, or even joy—are often marked as emotionally other in familial, institutional and other public spaces as part of NGO‐driven constructions of emerging paediatric selfhood. In response, they reproduce and/or reframe notions of emotional suspicion that underwrite these marginalizing processes. Thinking along such axes as possibility and impossibility; mobility and immobility; and the local and international, they simultaneously integrate and resist representational subjection, which is an important part of understanding broader post‐Oslo Palestinian identity and community formation.
Adaptation to SARS‐CoV‐2 under stress: Role of distorted information
Authors: Sharov Konstantin S. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundSince the time of global SARS‐CoV‐2 spread across the earth in February 2020, most of countries faced the problem of massive stress of their healthcare systems. In many cases, the structural stress was a result of incorrect allocation of medical care resources. In turn, this misallocation resulted from fear and apprehensions that superseded thorough calculations. A key role in exacerbating the healthcare sector overburdening was played by misleading information on the virus and disease caused by it. In the current paper, we study the situation in Russian healthcare system and advance recommendations how to avoid further crises.Materials and methods(a) Surveying the medical personnel (231 doctors, 317 nurses and 355 ambulance medical workers of lower levels) in five hospitals and six ambulance centres in Moscow. (b) Content analysis of 3164 accounts in Russian segment of social networks (VKontakte, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Odnoklassniki); official and unofficial media (TV, informational webpages).ResultsWe revealed positive‐feedback loop that threatened the sustainability of Russian care sector. The main knot was occupied by incorrect/exaggerated media coverage of COVID‐19. General public scared by misinformation in media and social networks, started to panic. This negative social background undermined the productivity of a significant part of medical workers who were afraid of COVID‐19 patients.ConclusionsThe most serious problems of Russian healthcare sector related to COVID‐19 pandemic, were informational problems. The exaggerated information on COVID‐19 had big negative influence upon Russian society and healthcare system, despite SARS‐CoV‐2 relatively low epidemiological hazard.
Haemodynamics of an iatrogenic atrial septal defect after MitraClip implantation
Authors: Eden Matthias , Leeb Leonhard , Frey Norbert , Rosenberg Mark 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe MitraClip procedure requires transseptal access of the left atrium with a 24F guiding sheath. We evaluated invasively whether a MitraClip induced iatrogenic atrial septal defect (IASD) leads to development of a relevant interatrial shunt and right ventricular overload.MethodsA total of 69 patients who underwent a MitraClip procedure due to a severe mitral valve regurgitation (MVR) were included in the observational, retrospective cohort study. All pressures were directly measured throughout the procedure. Cardiac index (CI), systemic (Qs) and pulmonary (Qp) flow were calculated using the Fick method.ResultsSuccessful MitraClip implantation increased CI (2.5 ± 0.62 vs 3.05 ± 0.77 L/min/m2; P < .0001), whereas SVR (1491 ± 474 vs 997 ± 301 dyn s/cm5; P < .0001), PVR (226 ± 121 vs 188 ± 96 dyn/s/cm5; P = .04), PCWP (23 ± 6.1 vs 20 ± 4.7 mm Hg; P = .0031), PA pressure (33.6 ± 7.2 vs 31.9 ± 6.6 mm Hg; P = .1437) and LA pressure (21.5 ± 5.4 vs 18.7 ± 4.9 mm Hg; P < .0001) all decreased. The effect on LA pressure was further enhanced by guiding catheter retrieval (14.4 ± 4.6 mm Hg; P < .0001). At the end of the procedure, Qp (6.033 ± 1.3 L/min) exceeded Qs (5.537 ± 1.3 L/min) by 0.496 L/min leading to a Qp:Qs ratio of 1.09 (P = .007). After 6 months, echocardiography revealed no changes in RV diameter (42.96 ± 6.95 mm vs 43.81 ± 7.67 mm; P = .62) and TAPSE (17.13 ± 3.33 mm vs 17.36 ± 3.24 mm; P = .48).ConclusionOur data show that the MitraClip procedure does not induce a relevant interatrial shunt or right ventricular overload. In fact, future studies will have to show whether the IASD may even be beneficial in selected patient populations by left atrial volume and pressure relief.
A mendelian randomization analysis: The causal association between serum uric acid and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Hong Myunghee , Park Je‐Wook , Yang Pil‐Sung , Hwang Inseok , Kim Tae‐Hoon , Yu Hee Tae , Uhm Jae‐Sun , Joung Boyoung , Lee Moon‐Hyoung , Jee Sun Ha , Pak Hui‐Nam 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundObservational studies have shown that high levels of serum uric acid (UA) were associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the causal effect of urate on the risk of AF is still unknown. To clarify the potential causal association between UA and AF, we performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genetic instrumental variables (IVs).Materials and methodsFrom the Korean GWAS dataset of 633 patients with AF (mean age 50.6 ± 7.8 years, 80.9% male, Yonsei AF Ablation cohort) who underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation and the data from 3533 controls (from the Korea Genome Epidemiology Study), we selected 9 SNPs, with a P value less than .05, associated with an increased UA serum level. Additionally, we calculated the weighted genetic risk score (wGRS) using the selected 9 SNPs, to use it as an instrumental variable. A Mendelian randomization analysis was calculated by a 2‐stage estimator method.ResultsThe conventional association between the serum UA and AF was significant (P = .001) after adjusting for potential confounding factors. The SNP rs1165196 on SLC17A1 (F‐statistics = 208.34, 0.18 mg/mL per allele change, P < .001) and wGRS (F‐statistics = 222.26, 0.20 mg/mL per 1SD change, P < .001) were significantly associated with an increase in the UA level. The MR analysis was causally associated with rs1165196 (estimated odds ratio (OR), 0.21, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.06‐0.75, P = .017), but not wGRS (estimated OR, 1.07, 95% CI, 0.57‐2.01, P = .832).ConclusionThe serum UA level was independently associated with the AF risk.
International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines for the management of traumatic dental injuries: 1. Fractures and luxations
Authors: Bourguignon Cecilia , Cohenca Nestor , Lauridsen Eva , Flores Marie Therese , O'Connell Anne C. , Day Peter F. , Tsilingaridis Georgios , Abbott Paul V. , Fouad Ashraf F. , Hicks Lamar , Andreasen Jens Ove , Cehreli Zafer C. , Harlamb Stephen , Kahler Bill , Oginni Adeleke , Semper Marc , Levin Liran 
Published: May 2020

AbstractTraumatic dental injuries (TDIs) of permanent teeth occur frequently in children and young adults. Crown fractures and luxations of these teeth are the most commonly occurring of all dental injuries. Proper diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow up are important for achieving a favorable outcome. Guidelines should assist dentists and patients in decision making and in providing the best care possible, both effectively and efficiently. The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) has developed these Guidelines as a consensus statement after a comprehensive review of the dental literature and working group discussions. Experienced researchers and clinicians from various specialties and the general dentistry community were included in the working group. In cases where the published data did not appear conclusive, recommendations were based on the consensus opinions of the working group. They were then reviewed and approved by the members of the IADT Board of Directors. These Guidelines represent the best current evidence based on literature search and expert opinion. The primary goal of these Guidelines is to delineate an approach for the immediate or urgent care of TDIs. In this first article, the IADT Guidelines cover the management of fractures and luxations of permanent teeth. The IADT does not, and cannot, guarantee favorable outcomes from adherence to the Guidelines. However, the IADT believes that their application can maximize the probability of favorable outcomes.
Oil palm survival under climate change in Kalimantan and alternative SE Asian palm oil countries with future basal stem rot assessments
Authors: Paterson R. Russell M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractOil palm (OP) is affected by climate change and the cultivation of the crop also contributes to climate alteration. Simulation modelling and large data sets indicated the effects of climate change on OP will be to (a) reduce growth and yields and (b) cause death of some OP. Furthermore, basal stem rot (BSR) caused by Ganoderma boninense, a serious disease of OP, has increased over the past two or three decades because of the disease spreading from infection foci at a greater rate in repeated crops of OP planted on infested sites. The disease may increase further by natural selection of more virulent strains of the fungus. In this paper, increased mortality of OP is predicted based on climate change scenarios for Kalimantan and other South‐East Asian countries with palm oil industries. Climate suitability scenarios for growing OP are also used to assess how BSR will change in the specified region and countries. The data suggest that Kalimantan and the Philippines may be more suitable for growing OP than Thailand and Myanmar, with Papua New Guinea being intermediate. Development of methods for mitigating the effects of climate change on OP is urgently required.