bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between subjective social status and facets of depression self‐stigma
Authors: Bharat Vidya , Habarth Janice , Keledjian Nareg , Leykin Yan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIndividuals with depressive symptoms frequently experience stigma, which may lower self‐esteem and increase social withdrawal, further exacerbating symptoms. The association between depressive symptoms and subjective social status (SSS; perceived standing within one's community) have previously been identified. However, no work has connected the constructs of SSS and self‐stigma among people with depression. Participants (N = 230) who screened positive for current major depressive episode via a self‐report completed an online survey. A significant negative association between SSS and overall stigma (p = .024) was observed, which was largely explained by general self‐stigma (p = .016) and stigmatizing experiences (p = .015) subscales. The results offer preliminary evidence that SSS may be associated with negative social consequences of stigmatizing health conditions.
Absence of VEGFR‐1/Flt‐1 signaling pathway in mice results in insensitivity to discogenic low back pain in an established disc injury mouse model
Authors: Qiu Sujun , Shi Changgui , Anbazhagan Arivarasu Natarajan , Das Vaskar , Arora Vipin , Kc Ranjan , Li Xin , O‐Sullivan InSug , van Wijnen Andre , Chintharlapalli Sudhakar , Gott‐Velis Gina , Richard Ripper , Mwale Fackson , Shibuya Masabumi , Min Shaoxiong , Im Hee‐Jeong 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlthough degenerative disc disease (DDD) and related low back pain (LBP) are growing public health problems, the underlying disease mechanisms remain unclear. An increase in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in DDD has been reported. This study aimed to examine the role of VEGF receptors (VEGFRs) in DDD, using a mouse model of DDD. Progressive DDD was induced by anterior stabbing of lumbar intervertebral discs in wild type (WT) and VEGFR‐1 tyrosine‐kinase deficient mice (vegfr‐1TK−/−). Pain assessments were performed weekly for 12 weeks. Histological and immunohistochemical assessments were made for discs, dorsal root ganglions, and spinal cord. Both vegfr‐1TK−/− and WT mice presented with similar pathological changes in discs with an increased expression of inflammatory cytokines and matrix‐degrading enzymes. Despite the similar pathological patterns, vegfr‐1TK−/− mice showed insensitivity to pain compared with WT mice. This insensitivity to discogenic pain was related to lower levels of pain factors in the discs and peripheral sensory neurons and lower spinal glial activation in the vegfr‐1TK−/− mice than in the WT mice. Exogenous stimulation of bovine disc cells with VEGF increased inflammatory and cartilage degrading enzyme. Silencing vegfr‐1 by small‐interfering‐RNA decreased VEGF‐induced expression of pain markers, while silencing vegfr‐2 decreased VEGF‐induced expression of inflammatory and metabolic markers without changing pain markers. This suggests the involvement of VEGFR‐1 signaling specifically in pain transmission. Collectively, our results indicate that the VEGF signaling is involved in DDD. Particularly, VEGFR‐1 is critical for discogenic LBP transmission independent of the degree of disc pathology.
Evaluation of a point‐of‐care ultrasound curriculum taught by medical students for physicians, nurses, and midwives in rural Indonesia
Authors: Dornhofer Kyle , Farhat Ahmed , Guan Kevin , Parker Erica , Kong Christina , Kim Daniel , Nguyen Thalia , Mogi Jennifer , Lahham Shadi , Fox John C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPurposeIn the Indonesian health‐care system, nurses and midwives often serve as the primary health‐care providers due to physician shortages. Seeking to address the need for medical care in resource‐limited environments, some have advocated for portable equipment in the hands of health‐care providers. We hypothesized that medical students are able to effectively teach point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) to physicians, nurses, and midwives in rural Indonesia.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, observational study using health‐care practitioners from a clinic and accredited school for nursing and midwifery in Mojokerto, East Java, Indonesia. Enrolled practitioners took part in a 4‐week POCUS course followed by postinstructional testing.ResultsA total of 55 health‐care practitioners completed the course. This included 19 physicians, 13 nurses, and 19 midwives. Of the 55 clinicians, 43 (72%) passed the course and 12 (28%) failed.ConclusionsPhysicians, nurses, and midwives in rural Indonesia showed significant acquisition of ultrasound (US) knowledge and skills following a 4‐week US course. Following training, all three groups displayed skills in practical US use during a postcourse practical examination. This is one of the first studies to assess the efficacy of medical students teaching POCUS to midwives and nurses.
Genetic counselors with advanced skills: II. A new career trajectory framework
Authors: Davis Claire , Baty Bonnie J. , Hippman Catriona , Trepanier Angela , Erby Lori 
Published: December 2019

AbstractCareer development frameworks help professionals better understand career decision‐making, but the genetic counseling field lacks a comprehensive framework to describe career development. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore commonalities across participants' career trajectories and identify factors which influence decision‐making throughout genetic counseling careers. Using purposive sampling, 17 genetic counselors with advanced skills were interviewed about their career trajectories, factors which influenced career decisions, and the process and outcomes of those decisions. Content analysis was both inductive and deductive, employing triangulation techniques to enhance analytic rigor. Results highlighted common experiences and critical processes of interviewees' career trajectories and contributed to the development of the Genetic Counselor Career Trajectory Framework (GCCTF), which depicts an iterative process of considering change in one's career. Each iteration is prompted by predisposing influences (past experiences, personal attributes, and contextual factors), characterized by self‐assessment and flexible planning, and completed when a decision about making a change is reached. Multiple iterations collectively create evolution of a career trajectory. The GCCTF adds to existing theories of career development by emphasizing dynamic processes of considering change and applies established concepts to a specialized healthcare profession. Individual genetic counselors can utilize the GCCTF to expand awareness of factors influencing a specific career decision and gain insight into experiences of change across their careers.
Synthesis and evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of novel 7‐Aryl‐6H,7H‐ benzo[f]chromeno[4,3‐b]chromen‐6‐one by MgO nanoparticle as green catalyst
Authors: Hosseinzadegan Sara , Hazeri Nourallah , Maghsoodlou Malek T. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractUsing MgO nanoparticle as a recyclable and efficient catalyst, multicomponent reaction of 2‐Naphthol, aldehyde derivatives, 4‐hydroxycoumarin has led to the synthesis of novel 7‐Aryl‐6H,7H‐ benzo[f]chromeno[4,3‐b]chromen‐6‐one derivatives. This study aimed to examine the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of the synthetic compound in order to reach some benefits, including the synthesis of new derivatives with biological properties, shorter time, high yields, and concordance with green chemistry.
Convenient synthesis of novel sulfonamide derivatives as promising anticancer agents
Authors: El‐Mekabaty Ahmed , Awad Hanem M. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractNovel sulfonamide derivatives have been synthesized from the readily accessible N‐(4‐acetylphenyl)benzenesulfonamide (1). Condensation of 1 with phenylhydrazine in refluxing ethyl alcohol gave the corresponding phenylhydrazone 2, which was then added to the Vilsmeier‐Haack reagent (POCl3/DMF) to give the 4‐formylpyrazole derivative 3. Fusion of 1 with thiourea in the presence of iodine at 130°C afforded the 2‐aminothiazole derivative 4. Refluxing 1 with an excess of N, N‐dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal furnished the enaminone 5. The chemical reactivity of enaminone 5 toward some nitrogen and carbon nucleophiles has been studied to obtain polyfunctionalized heteroaromatic systems bearing a sulfonamide moiety. Besides, the enaminone 5 undergoes the Gewald reaction and reacts with ethyl cyanoacetate and elemental sulfur in the presence of morpholine to yield the 2‐aminothiophene derivative 18. Moreover, the utility of 5 for the synthesis of 4‐(phenylsulfonamido)benzoic acid (19) was investigated. The synthesized sulfonamides were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activities against two human cell lines, MCF‐7 (breast adenocarcinoma cells) and RPE‐1 (normal retina pigmented epithelium cells). The results revealed that compounds 1‐3, 6‐8, 10, 12b, 18, 19, and 21 have a potent cytotoxic effect on MCF‐7 and less on RPE‐1 cells compared to the positive control doxorubicin®.
Tandem heterocyclization of 2‐(azolyl‐(azinyl‐))anilines as an efficient method for preparation of substituted pyrrolo[1,2‐a]azolo‐(azino‐)[c]quinazolines
Authors: Stavytskyi Viktor , Voskoboinik Oleksii , Antypenko Oleksii , Krasovska Nataliia , Shabelnyk Konstantyn , Konovalova Iryna , Shishkyna Svitlana , Kholodniak Sergiy , Kovalenko Serhii 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe synthesis of novel pyrrolo[1,2‐a]azolo‐(azino‐)[c]quinazolines by tandem reaction of 2‐(azolyl‐(azinyl‐))anilines with oxocarboxylic acids was described in this article. The mechanism of obtained compounds formation was proposed, and the intermediate of the heterocyclization has been isolated and characterized. The IR‐, 1H and 13C NMR‐, chromato‐mass spectra of synthesized compounds were studied for estimation of their structure and spectral patterns features. The molecular structure of the obtained compounds was additionally proved by X‐ray diffraction method.
One‐pot multi‐component synthesis of novel ethyl‐2‐(3‐((2‐(4‐(4‐aryl)thiazol‐2‐yl)hydrazono)methyl)‐4‐hydroxy/isobutoxyphenyl)‐4‐methylthiazole‐5‐carboxylate derivatives and evaluation of their in vitro antimicrobial activity
Authors: Deshineni Rajitha , Velpula Ravibabu , Koppu Suneetha , Pilli Jyothi , Chellamella Gyanakumari 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA novel series of ethyl‐2‐(3‐((2‐(4‐(4‐aryl)thiazol‐2‐yl)hydrazono)methyl)‐4‐hydroxy/isobutoxyphenyl)‐4‐methylthiazole‐5‐carboxylate derivatives (4a‐f and 5a‐f) were synthesized by employing one‐pot multi‐component approach involving ethyl 2‐(3‐formyl‐4‐oxy/isobutoxyphenyl)‐4‐methylthiazole‐5‐carboxylate, thiosemicarbazide and various phenacyl bromides/3‐(2‐bromoacetyl)‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one/2‐(2‐bromoacetyl)‐3H‐benzo[f]chromen‐3‐onein ethanol in the presence of catalytic amount of acetic acid. The structures of all the synthesized compounds were confirmed with spectral analysis, ie, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectrometry, and all the compounds were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity.
Synthesis and antifungal activity of novel 1,2,4‐triazole derivatives containing an amide moiety
Authors: Wu Wen‐Neng , Jiang Yang‐Ming , Fei Qiang , Du Hai‐Tang , Yang Mao‐Fa 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA series of novel 1,2,4‐triazol derivatives containing an amide moiety were synthesized and their antifungal activities were evaluated. The results indicated that some of the target compounds possessed good antifungal activities. Among them, compounds 6a, 6g, 6k, and 6m showed excellent antifungal activities against Botrytis cinerea, with an inhibition rate of 91.8%, 90.1%, 93.6%, and 91.2% at a concentration of 50 μg/mL, which were superior to that of Pyrimethanil (82.8%). Meanwhile, compound 6b showed better antifungal activity against Phompsis sp, with an inhibition rate of 92.4%, in comparison with that of Pyrimethanil (85.1%).
Investigating the impact of measurement uncertainty in the radiographic surveillance of hip displacement in cerebral palsy: A Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Kay Rebecca Hazell , Noble Jonathan James , Keevil Stephen , Gough Martin , Shortland Adam Peter 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHip surveillance programmes have greatly improved the management of hip dysplasia in children with cerebral palsy. Reimer's migration percentage is the most common index for quantifying hip dysplasia from planar radiographs. However, measurement uncertainty could undermine the diagnostic accuracy. A Monte Carlo simulation was created to investigate the impact of measurement error on decision making in hip surveillance programmes. The simulation was designed to mimic the annual surveillance of children with cerebral palsy (Gross Motor Functional Classification System levels III‐V) between 2 and 8 years of age. Simulation parameters for the natural history of hip dysplasia and measurement error were derived from published data. At each measurement interval, the influence of uncertainty in the measurement of Reimer's migration percentage on decision‐making was investigated. The probability of a child being indicated for intervention in error during the course of the simulation was relatively high, particularly in the highest functioning cohort where the positive predictive value of Reimer's migration percentage was at best 70% and at worse less than 20%. Including a rate of progression term within the decision‐making algorithm had a negative effect on positive predictive power. This simulation suggests that hip surveillance programmes are sensitive to detecting genuine hip dysplasia but can have poor positive predictive power, potentially resulting in unnecessary indication for intervention.
Duration of symptoms prior to partial meniscectomy is not associated with the expression of osteoarthritis genes in the injured meniscus
Authors: Brophy Robert H. , Schmidt Eric J. , Cai Lei , Rai Muhammad Farooq 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWhile there is emerging data on how duration of symptoms prior to surgery relates to outcomes of patients undergoing arthroscopic partial meniscectomy, little is known about how duration of symptoms relates to the biology of the knee in these patients. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that duration of symptoms prior to arthroscopic partial meniscectomy is associated with expression of osteoarthritis (OA)‐related genes in the meniscus. We collected resected meniscus from patients (N = 76) undergoing clinically indicated arthroscopic partial meniscectomy from knees without advanced degenerative changes. RNA from 64 patients was analyzed for 28 candidate OA transcripts by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RNA was also probed for identification of novel genes by RNA microarray in 12 patients followed by validation of selected candidates by real‐time PCR. The association of gene expression with duration of symptoms prior to surgery was tested. Additional screening was performed with known OA genetic risk alleles assembled from published literature and with gene transcripts differentially expressed between non‐OA and OA cartilage and menisci. Our data revealed that duration of symptoms did not predict expression of OA genes in the meniscus, other than limited association with CXCL3, BMP2, and HLA‐DQA1. Microarray identified new genes and pathways with unknown role(s) in meniscus injury and OA and validation of a subset of genes by real‐time PCR showed expression pattern highly concordant with the microarray data. While duration of symptoms prior to arthroscopic partial meniscectomy does not significantly alter the expression of OA related genes, the association with novel genes and pathways deserves further investigation.
Orthopaedic osseointegration: Implantology and future directions
Authors: Overmann Archie L. , Aparicio Conrado , Richards John T. , Mutreja Isha , Fischer Nicholas G. , Wade Sean M. , Potter Benjamin K. , Davis Thomas A. , Bechtold Joan E. , Forsberg Jonathan A. , Dey Devaveena 
Published: December 2019

AbstractOsseointegration (OI) is the direct anchorage of a metal implant into bone, allowing for the connection of an external prosthesis to the skeleton. Osseointegration was first discovered in the 1960s based on the microscopic analysis of titanium implant placed into host bone. New bone was observed to attach directly to the metal surface. Following clinical investigations into dentistry applications, OI was adapted to treat extremity amputations. These bone anchored implants, which penetrate the skin and soft tissues, eliminate many of the challenges of conventional prosthetic sockets, such as poor fit and suspension, skin breakdown, and pain. Osseointegrated implants show promise to improve prosthesis use, pain, and function for amputees. The successful process of transcutaneous metal integration into host bone requires three synergistic systems: the host bone, the metal implant, and the skin‐implant interface. All three systems must be optimized for successful incorporation and longevity of the implant. Osseointegration begins during surgical implantation of the metal components through a complex interplay of cellular mechanisms. While implants can vary in design—including the original screw, press fit implants, and compressive osseointegration—they face common challenges to successful integration and maintenance of fixation within the host bone. Overcoming these challenges requires the understanding of the complex interactions between each element of OI. This review outlines (a) the basic components of OI, (b) the science behind both the bone‐implant and the skin‐implant interfaces, (c) the current challenges of OI, and (d) future opportunities within the field.
Effect of microencapsulated fish oil powder on selected quality characteristics of chicken sausages
Authors: Stangierski Jerzy , Rezler Ryszard , Kawecki Krzysztof , Peplińska Barbara 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDEncapsulation of fish oil for use as oil powder for the human food industry offers new product design possibilities. The fat content of fish is unique in the amount of of long chain n‐3 fatty acid that it contains. It can be expected that developing innovative food products with significantly improved nutritional value can simultaneously affect their rheological and sensory qualities in different ways. The present study aimed to compared the influence of the addition of fish oil and microencapsulated fish oil on the mechanical, structural, and sensory properties of poultry sausages during 21‐day storage.RESULTSIn comparison with other systems, sausages enriched with microencapsulated fish oil were characterized by a greater capacity to accumulate potential strain energy (G′) and by statistically significantly greater hardness measured in all the storage periods that were tested. The sausages enriched with microencapsulated fish oil were characterized by higher water activity than the other sausage variants. The analysis of cryo‐scanning electron microscopy (cryo‐SEM) images indicated the presence of a large evenly dispersed oil phase and microcapsules in the structure of the sausages. The sample with the addition of microcapsules was characterized by higher values on the smell and consistency parameters.CONCLUSIONThe better results in the sensory evaluation of the structural parameters of the sample with microcapsules were consistent with the results of instrumental assessments. The use of microencapsulated fish oil powder as an ingredient of chicken sausages therefore seems to be a promising concept. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Linoleic acid inhibits Lactobacillus activity by destroying cell membrane and affecting normal metabolism
Authors: Lv Huijuan , Ren Dayong , Yan Wei , Wang Yuhua , Liu Hongyan , Shen Minghao 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe reason why dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) affect the activity of Lactobacillus remains unclear. In this study, linoleic acid was used to study the mechanism underlying its inhibition function against Lactobacillus activity.RESULTSThe growth curve of Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG and the metabolite content in bacterial liquid were determined at varying linoleic acid concentration. The degree of cell membrane damage of L. rhamnosus LGG was determined by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy, and the cell structure was observed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of linoleic acid on Lactobacillus activity was assessed in a simulated gut environment. Results showed that L. rhamnosus LGG grew slowly, cell metabolites leaked into the liquid, cell membrane was damaged, and the cell structure changed at a linoleic acid concentration of 50 μg mL−1.CONCLUSIONThe mechanism of action of linoleic acid on Lactobacillus showed that that linoleic acid destroyed the cell membrane of bacteria, thereby affecting the normal metabolism of the bacteria and ultimately leading to their death. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Inactivation and structural changes of polyphenol oxidase in quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) juice subjected to ultrasonic treatment
Authors: Iqbal Aamir , Murtaza Ayesha , Marszałek Krystian , Iqbal M Amjed , Chughtai Muhammad F J , Hu Wanfeng , Barba Francisco J , Bi Jinfeng , Liu Xuan , Xu Xiaoyun 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDPolyphenol oxidase (PPO) is considered a problem in the food industry because it starts browning reactions during fruit and vegetable processing. Ultrasonic treatment is a technology used to inactivate the enzyme; however, the mechanism behind PPO inactivation is still unclear. For this reason, the inactivation, aggregation, and structural changes in PPO from quince juice subjected to ultrasonic treatments were investigated. Different intensities and times of ultrasonic treatment were used. Changes in the activity, aggregation, conformation, and structure of PPO were investigated through different structural analyses.RESULTSCompared to untreated juice, the PPO activity in treated juice was reduced to 35% at a high ultrasonic intensity of 400 W for 20 min. The structure of PPO determined from particle size distribution (PSD) analysis showed that ultrasound treatment caused initial dissociation and subsequent aggregation leading to structural modification. The spectra of circular dichroism (CD) analysis of ultrasonic treated PPO protein showed a significant loss of α‐helix, and reorganization of secondary structure. Fluorescence analysis showed a significant increase in fluorescence intensity of PPO after ultrasound treatment with evident blue shift, revealing disruption in the tertiary structure.CONCLUSIONIn summary, ultrasonic treatment triggered protein aggregation, distortion of tertiary structure, and loss of α‐helix conformation of secondary structure causing inactivation of the PPO enzyme. Hence, ultrasound processing at high intensity and duration could cause the inactivation of the PPO enzyme by inducing aggregation and structural modifications. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry