bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emerging and Historical Contaminants Detected in Desert Rodents Collected Near a Low-Level Radioactive Waste Site
Authors: Cleary Ryan S. , Karnjanapiboonwong Adcharee , Thompson William A. , Lasee Steven J. , Subbiah Seenivasan , Kauble Ronald K. , Andraski Brian J. , Anderson Todd A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
In an effort to determine contaminant presence, concentrations, and movement from a low-level radioactive waste (LLRW) burial disposal site to ecosystems in the surrounding area, a study was developed to assess concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and tritium. To complete this assessment small mammals, vegetation, soil, and insect samples were collected from areas within and adjacent to the Beatty, Nevada, LLRW site and from a reference area located approximately 3 km south of the LLRW site. Samples underwent analysis via liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, gas chromatography mass spectrometry, or scintillation spectroscopy depending on the analyte of interest. Small mammal tissues showed maximum concentrations of over 1700 ng/g for PFAS, 1600 ng/g for PCBs, and 10 000 Bq/kg for tritium. The primary contaminants found in soil samples were PCBs, with maximum concentrations exceeding 25 ng/g. Trace amounts of PFAS were also detected in soils and insects. Only qualitative data were obtained from vegetation samples because of the complex matrix of the dominant plant species (creosote bush; Larrea tridentata [Sessé & Moc. ex DC.] Coville). Overall, these data indicate the presence of various anthropogenic contaminants in the ecosystem surrounding the LLRW area, but additional analyses are necessary to confirm the sources and migration pathways of PFAS and PCBs in this hyperarid environment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:727–734. © 2020 SETAC
Partial purification and characterization of a broad‐spectrum bacteriocin produced by a Lactobacillus plantarum zrx03 isolated from infant's feces
Authors: Lei Shuang , Zhao Ruixiang , Sun Junliang , Ran Junjian , Ruan Xiaoli , Zhu Yang 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLactobacillus plantarum zrx03 was a bacteriocin‐producing strain isolated from infant's feces. The fermentation supernatant produced by this strain could strongly inhibit Escherichia coli JM109 ATCC 67387, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Listeria monocytogenes CICC 21633, in which the diameter of inhibition zone was 12.83 ± 0.62 mm, 15.08 ± 0.31 mm, 6.75 ± 0.20 mm, respectively, compared with lactic acid bacteria N1, N2, M13, M21, M31, and M37. According to amplification of 16S rRNA gene and identification of phylogenetic tree, this strain had a 1,450 bp sequence and 100% identity to the L. plantarum strain. Based on the influence of different protease treatments, such as pepsin, trypsin, papain, and proteinase K on the antimicrobial activity, this antimicrobial substance was considered to be a natural protein. Using bacteriocin produced by this strain as study object of this experiment, it had been extracted from ammonium sulfate precipitation and different organic solvents. The results showed that ethyl acetate was selected as the optimal solution to crude extraction of bacteriocin after comparing ammonium sulfate precipitation method and organic solvent extraction method, such as n‐butanol, n‐hexane, dichloromethane, trichloromethane, in which the diameter of the inhibition zones was above 28 mm. Results also showed the inhibition spectrum of the obtained bacteriocin had a broad spectrum of inhibition which could inhibit Gram‐positive, Gram‐negative, yeast. Especially, it could effectively inhibit S. aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis CICC 10002, Bacillus anthracis CICC 20443, E. coli JM109 ATCC 67387, and Salmonella CMCC 541, and the zone diameter of inhibition has reached more than 28 mm. Moreover, it had a good thermal stability which antibacterial activity was retained 70.58% after treatment at 121°C for 30 min, and pH‐stability was between pH 2.0–9.0. These results suggested bacteriocin produced by L. plantarum zrx03 had potential application prospects in food preservation.
Preparation of high‐quality concentrated fragrance flaxseed oil by steam explosion pretreatment technology
Authors: Yu Gaiwen , Guo Tingting , Huang Qingde , Shi Xunwang , Zhou Xin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, flaxseed was pretreated by steam explosion technology and subsequently pressed to prepare flaxseed oil. GC, UPLC, HPLC, and GC‐MS techniques were used to analyze the quality characteristics of the prepared flaxseed oil. These included the food safety risk indices, micronutrient components, and oxidative stability. The effects of different steam explosion pressures on the quality characteristics and relative volatile components of flaxseed oil were also investigated. The results revealed that steam explosion pretreatment technology could significantly increase the oil yield, improve micronutrient content, and strengthen the oxidation stability of the product. Moreover, the food safety risk indices (e.g., benzopyrene) were controlled within a reasonable range, while the fatty acid content remained almost unchanged. Notably, the relative pyrazine content in the total volatile components of flaxseed oil was 68.25% when the steam explosion pressure reached 1.2 MPa. This was considered as the main factor that contributed to the unique concentrated fragrance of the produced flaxseed oil. To prove the superiority of the steam explosion pretreatment, we compared this technique with traditional high‐temperature roasting and popular microwave pretreatment techniques. The results revealed that flaxseed oil prepared by steam explosion pretreatment displayed the best quality characteristics and most concentrated fragrance. Thus, steam explosion technology shows great potential for application to produce high‐quality concentrated fragrance flaxseed oil. This study provides significant reference and guidance for the preparation process of flaxseed oil.
Longitudinal effects of a novel advanced pneumatic compression device on patient‐reported outcomes in the management of cancer‐related head and neck lymphedema: A preliminary report
Authors: Gutiérrez Carolina , Mayrovitz Harvey N. , Naqvi Syed Hassan Shiraz , Karni Ron J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck cancer (HNC) survivors experience head and neck lymphedema (HNL), which requires treatment to prevent morbidity. We explore the self‐reported outcomes and satisfaction of patients with HNC receiving treatment for HNL with an advanced pneumatic compression device (APCD).MethodsHNC survivors (n = 205) prescribed with an at‐home Flexitouch head and neck APCD completed pretreatment and posttreatment self‐reported assessments addressing efficacy, function, and symptoms. Participant average age was 60 years with 74% male. Pre‐post responses for ≥25 days of use were assessed via the non‐parametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank test.ResultsAnalysis revealed statistically significant improvement in all symptoms and all function items (P < 0.00001). Compliance with prescribed therapy (at least 30 minutes daily) was high with 71% of participants reporting daily use and 87% reporting overall satisfaction.ConclusionsThe reported improvements in function and symptoms, and high compliance rate, provide a rationale for a subsequent randomized controlled trial.
Exploring children’s participation in commercial swimming lessons through the social determinants of health
Authors: Willcox‐Pidgeon Stacey M. , Peden Amy E. , Scarr Justin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIssue addressedDrowning is a public health challenge, disproportionately impacting children. Social determinants of health (SDH) such as socio‐economic disadvantage and geographic isolation increase drowning risk. Swimming and water safety lessons, in part, have reduced drowning in children, while also enabling healthy aquatic participation. Research suggests that some Australian children receive insufficient swimming and water safety education and are not achieving essential skills.MethodsA cross‐sectional retrospective analysis of swimming and water safety skills achieved by a cohort of children (5‐12 years) attending commercial swimming lessons in three Australian states was undertaken. Variables included participant demographics (age, gender, and the SDH of socio‐economic status [SES], and geographical remoteness) and skills being taught and achieved. Skills achieved were analysed against the National Swimming & Water Safety Framework and the National Benchmark.ResultsSwim schools were more likely to teach freestyle (87%) and backstroke (83%); and less likely to teach water safety skills like treading water (53%), and survival backstroke (46%). Overall, 40% of 12‐year‐old children failed to achieve the National Benchmark of 50 metres freestyle, fewer were achieving minimum water safety skills. Children from low socio‐economic areas and regional locations were less likely to be achieving 50 metres freestyle. Children in this study were commonly from major cities (94%) and of high socio‐economic areas (53%).ConclusionsSwimming lessons must incorporate a broad range of swimming and water safety competencies to ensure children have the skills required to reduce drowning, especially for those deemed at increased risk.So whatStakeholders must prioritise holistic drowning prevention education strategies, ensuring all children can access swimming and water safety programs regardless of their socio‐economic status or geographical location.
Parents' use of information accessed through social media to make immunisation decisions for their young children
Authors: Thorpe Madelaine , Taylor Jane , Cole Rachel 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIssue addressedSocial media, while available to parents to inform decisions about their child's health, including immunisation, is a new area of exploration in public health. To effectively source, interpret and use such information, parents need to be health literate. This pilot study explored how parents of young children under 7 years of age obtained, understood and used immunisation information available through social media to inform immunisation decisions for their children.MethodsPurposive sampling followed by a snowball technique was used to recruit parents with one or more children under 7 years of age living in the Brisbane North and Sunshine Coast regions, Australia. Face‐to‐face interviews collected qualitative data in relation to how parents obtained, understood and used information sourced via social media to make immunisation decisions for their children.ResultsAll participants were passively exposed to immunisation information on social media through Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, Pinterest, LinkedIn and Twitter, but did not report proactively searching for information. The majority understood the immunisation information obtained, however, did not perceive it as credible and used other sources to clarify credibility, including their health care professional. Some participants interacted with the information, but none used it to make immunisation decisions for their children.ConclusionsWhilst parents of children under 7 years of age are exposed to immunisation information on social media, they do not use this information to make immunisation decisions for their children, and rely on health care professionals for credible information.So what?Given health care providers are perceived by parents of young children as credible sources of immunisation information and parents are regularly exposed to immunisation information via social media, further exploration of the potential role of health care professionals in the dissemination of credible immunisation information via social media platforms is warranted.
Linear stability analysis of mixed convection flow in a horizontal channel filled with nanofluids
Authors: Bammou Lahcen , Souhar Khalid , Alami Samy , Feddaoui M'Barek , Le Guer Yves 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe convective instability driven by buoyancy in the Poiseuille–Rayleigh–Bénard flow through two infinite parallel horizontal plates filled with nanofluids is investigated using linear stability analysis. We considered water‐based nanofluids with different volume fractions of aluminum () and silver () nanoparticles. A spectral collocation method founded on Chebyshev polynomials is implemented and the obtained algebraic eigenvalue problem is solved. In this study, we have numerically determined the critical Rayleigh number of the onset of longitudinal and transversal rolls and the results are represented in the form of marginal stability curves. Critical wave numbers that describe the size of convective cells in the flow are also presented, analyzed, and compared with those of the Poiseuille–Rayleigh–Bénard flow without nanoparticles. The effects of the type and nanoparticle volume fractions on the onset of both longitudinal and transversal rolls are investigated.
Micropolar fluid flow with temperature‐dependent transport properties
Authors: Khan Muhammad Naveed , Nadeem Sohail , Muhammad Noor 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn the present article, the heat transfer rate and the fluid flow of a micropolar fluid along with temperature‐dependent transport properties are scrutinized in the presence of heat generation. The variability in transport properties leads to a rise in the heat transfer and decreases the skin friction. Furthermore, Fourier's heat flux model is implemented in the analysis of heat transfer, employing a suitable transformation to convert the flow model into nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Numerical solutions are obtained by using the shooting method/bvp4c technique. Physical quantities of interest, such as local skin friction and Nusselt number, are discussed and computed. Skin friction decreases with the micropolar parameter but the Nusselt number shows the opposite behavior for the micropolar parameter.
BippyPhos: A Highly Versatile Ligand for Pd‐Catalyzed C−N, C−O and C−C Couplings
Authors: Singer Robert A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNumerous ligands have been designed for the Buchwald‐Hartwig Amination (BHA). Among the ligands developed is BippyPhos. This ligand was originally designed to enable a coupling of primary amines with aryl halides. Further studies showed that the ligand has fairly broad utility for Pd‐catalyzed C−N, C−O and C−C couplings. This review describes the various Pd‐catalyzed applications involving BippyPhos as a supporting ligand. While BippyPhos may not often be the most optimal ligand for various Pd‐catalyzed couplings, it typically will provide adequate results as a starting point prior to screening for optimization.
A predictive system integrating intrinsic mode functions, artificial neural networks, and genetic algorithms for forecasting S&P500 intra‐day data
Authors: Lahmiri Salim 
Published: March 2020

SummaryThere is an abundant literature on the design of intelligent systems to forecast stock market indices. In general, the existing stock market price forecasting approaches can achieve good results. The goal of our study is to develop an effective intelligent predictive system to improve the forecasting accuracy. Therefore, our proposed predictive system integrates adaptive filtering, artificial neural networks (ANNs), and evolutionary optimization. Specifically, it is based on the empirical mode decomposition (EMD), which is a useful adaptive signal‐processing technique, and ANNs, which are powerful adaptive intelligent systems suitable for noisy data learning and prediction, such as stock market intra‐day data. Our system hybridizes intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) obtained from EMD and ANNs optimized by genetic algorithms (GAs) for the analysis and forecasting of S&P500 intra‐day price data. For comparison purposes, the performance of the EMD‐GA‐ANN presented is compared with that of a GA‐ANN trained with a wavelet transform's (WT's) resulting approximation and details coefficients, and a GA‐general regression neural network (GRNN) trained with price historical data. The mean absolute deviation, mean absolute error, and root‐mean‐squared errors show evidence of the superiority of EMD‐GA‐ANN over WT‐GA‐ANN and GA‐GRNN. In addition, it outperformed existing predictive systems tested on the same data set. Furthermore, our hybrid predictive system is relatively easy to implement and not highly time‐consuming to run. Furthermore, it was found that the Daubechies wavelet showed quite a higher prediction accuracy than the Haar wavelet. Moreover, prediction errors decrease with the level of decomposition.
Gastric Bypass But Not Sleeve Gastrectomy Increases Risk of Major Osteoporotic Fracture: French Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Paccou Julien , Martignène Niels , Lespessailles Eric , Babykina Evgéniya , Pattou François , Cortet Bernard , Ficheur Grégoire 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
The objective of this work was to investigate the risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF; hip, proximal humerus, wrist and distal forearm, and clinical spine) in bariatric surgery patients versus matched controls. Bariatric surgery is associated with an increase in fracture risk. However, it remains unclear whether the same degree of fracture risk is associated with sleeve gastrectomy, which has recently surpassed gastric bypass. Records from the French National Inpatient database were used from 2008 to 2018. Bariatric surgery patients, aged 40 to 65 years, with BMI ≥40 kg/m2, hospitalized between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2014, were matched to one control (1:1) by age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, year of inclusion, and class of obesity (40 to 49.9 kg/m2 versus ≥50 kg/m2). We performed a Cox regression analysis to assess the association between the risk of any MOF and, respectively, (i) bariatric surgery (yes/no) and (ii) type of surgical procedure (gastric bypass, gastric banding, vertical banded gastroplasty, and sleeve gastrectomy) versus no surgery. A total of 81,984 patients were included in the study (40,992 in the bariatric surgery group, and 40,992 matched controls). There were 585 MOFs in the surgical group (2.30 cases per 1000 patient-year [PY]) and 416 MOFs in the matched controls (1.93 cases per 1000 PY). The risk of MOF was significantly higher in the surgical group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.22; 95% CI, 1.08–1.39). We observed an increase in risk of MOF for gastric bypass only (HR 1.70; 95% CI, 1.46–1.98) compared with the matched controls. In patients aged 40 to 65 years, gastric bypass but not sleeve gastrectomy or the other procedures increased risk of major osteoporotic fractures. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Long noncoding RNA NEAT1/microRNA‐125a axis predicts increased major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event risk independently in patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease underwent coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Liu Haining , Yan Xiulian , Yu Jingbin 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe study aimed to investigate the long noncoding RNA nuclear‐enriched abundant transcript 1 (lnc‐NEAT1) and microRNA‐125a (miR‐125a) expressions, and further explore the role of lnc‐NEAT1/miR‐125a axis in predicting major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE) risk in patients with unprotected left main coronary artery disease (ULMCAD) underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).MethodsA total of 280 patients with ULMCAD underwent CABG were consecutively enrolled in our prospective study, and their plasma samples were collected before CABG for the detection of lnc‐NEAT1 and miR‐125a expressions by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Lnc‐NEAT1/miR‐125a axis was calculated via dividing lnc‐NEAT1 by miR‐125a. After CABG, regular follow‐up was continued until MACCE occurrence or 36 months.ResultsLnc‐NEAT1 expression, miR‐125a expression, and lnc‐NEAT1/miR‐125a axis were 0.998 (IQR: 0.440‐1.720, range: 0.116‐5.771), 0.997 (IQR: 0.461‐1.650, range: 0.055‐3.621), and 1.018 (IQR: 0.384‐2.782, range: 0.041‐52.832), respectively. And lnc‐NEAT1 was negatively associated with miR‐125a. The 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐year MACCE occurrence was 19 (6.8%), 29 (10.4%), and 38 (13.6%), respectively. Lnc‐NEAT1/miR‐125a axis (χ2 = 11.207, P = .001) and lnc‐NEAT1 expression (χ2 = 5.345, P = .021) positively associated with accumulating MACCE occurrence, while miR‐125a expression (χ2 = 5.869, P = .015) negatively correlated with accumulating MACCE occurrence. Notably, lnc‐NEAT1/miR‐125a axis presented numerically better predictive value compared with lnc‐NEAT1 or miR‐125a alone for MACCE risk. Furthermore, lnc‐NEAT1/miR‐125a axis high, elderly age, increased BMI, diabetes, previous stroke, LVEF, and higher disease extent (all P < .05) were independent predictive factors for increased accumulating MACCE occurrence.ConclusionLnc‐NEAT1/miR‐125a axis, as a combined index, presents potential value to be a prognostic biomarker for MACCE risk in ULMCAD management.
Hsa_circ_0012563 promotes migration and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating XRCC1/EMT pathway
Authors: Zhang Zhuo , Li Xueman , Xiong Fei , Ren Zhangtao , Han Yongming 
Published: March 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecent reports have indicated that circular RNA (circRNA) may regulate tumorigenesis development. However, the function of circRNAs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is unclear.Material and methodThe RT‐qPCR assay was performed to detect hsa_circ_0012563 expression in ESCC tissues and cell lines. Then, the MTT assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometric assay, and cell migration and invasion assay were performed to examine the function of hsa_circ_0012563. In addition, the RT‐PCR and Western blot were used to detect XRCC1 and epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) related gene expression.ResultsThe RT‐qPCR revealed that the hsa_circ_0012563 expression was remarkably upregulated in ESCC tissue and ESCC cell lines. Functionally, downregulation of hsa_circ_0012563 suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted cell apoptosis. Mechanically, the knockdown of hsa_circ_0012563 inhibited XRCC1‐mediated EMT pathway to suppress cell migration and invasion.ConclusionsTherefore, these results reveal hsa_circ_0012563 is a critical oncogene and may be a novel biomarker in ESCC.
Risk factors for homelessness: A structural equation approach
Authors: Czaderny Krzysztof 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis study aims to assess the pathway relationships between adolescent adversities, adult addictive behaviours, divorce, conviction, long‐standing unemployment, disability, and homelessness. A structural equation model was estimated using data on n1 = 677 homeless men and n2 = 651 housed men of the same age and educational distribution, living in Warsaw, Poland. Retrospective adolescent adversities were found to be significantly related to the occurrence of adult homelessness (p ≤ .01). This relationship was mainly indirect and largely mediated by addictive behaviours, divorce, conviction, and unemployment. Addiction, divorce, and conviction were the three most frequent events preceding homelessness and were likely to coincide. The first job experience did not differentiate the two groups from each other. However, homeless individuals were more likely to currently prefer self‐employment over wage employment. Low perceived importance of family life and preference for self‐employment over wage employment were hypothesised to be related to the severity of homelessness.