bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Localization of the Chain Recurrent set using Shape theory and Symbolical Dynamics
Authors: Shoptrajanov M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe main aim of this paper is localization of the chain recurrent set in shape theoretical framework. Namely, using the intrinsic approach to shape from [1] we present a result which claims that under certain conditions the chain recurrent set preserves local shape properties. We proved this result in [2] using the notion of a proper covering. Here we give a new proof using the Lebesque number for a covering and verify this result by investigating the symbolical image of a couple of systems of differential equations following [3].
The Application and Interpretation by South African Courts of General Renvoi Clauses in South African Double Taxation Agreements
Authors: Jansen van Rensburg Enelia 
Published: November 2019

General renvoi clauses in DTAs based on article 3(2) of the OECD MTC provide that an undefined term in a DTA shall have the meaning that it has in the domestic law of the contracting state applying the DTA unless the context otherwise requires. All South African DTAs include such a clause.
Many interpretational issues remain with regard to the application and interpretation of general renvoi clauses. This article considers four of these issues in the light of South African cases in which general renvoi clauses were referred to. The following cases are considered: ITC 789 (1954) 19 SATC 434, Baldwins (South Africa) Ltd v Commissioner for Inland Revenue (1961) 24 SATC 270 and Commissioner for the South African Revenue Service v Tradehold Ltd 2012 3 All SA 15 (SCA).
The first of the issues considered in the article is relevant in those cases where a DTA includes a general renvoi clause based on the pre-1995 version of article 3(2) and where amendments were made to a relevant domestic meaning after the conclusion of the particular DTA. These clauses do not expressly state whether the relevant domestic meaning is the domestic meaning existing at the time of the conclusion of the DTA, or at the time of the application of the DTA.
The second issue arises if the expression used in the domestic law is not identical to the undefined treaty term. The question is whether the expression in the domestic law can be used to give meaning to the treaty term under the general renvoi clause.
Another interpretational issue considered in the article concerns deeming provisions in the domestic law. The issue is whether a meaning that a term is deemed to have under a provision in domestic legislation can be used under the general renvoi clause to give meaning to the undefined term in the DTA.
The last issue deals with the meaning of the phrase "unless the context otherwise requires". The question raised is whether this phrase means that the domestic meaning should be given only as a "last resort", or whether it should apply unless "reasonably strong" arguments to the contrary are made
Total Larenjektomi Uygulanmış veya Organ Koruma Protokolüne Alınmış Hastalarda Yaşam Kalitesi ve Konstipasyon
Authors: ŞİRİN Seher , ÇELEBİ Altay 
Published: November 2019

Giriş ve Amaç:Total larenjektomi geçirmiş olan hastalarda solunum, konuşma, yutma ve koku alma gibi temel fonksiyonların etkilenmesi nedeniyle yaşam kalitesi bozulmaktadır. Yaşam kalitesi sorgulandığında, hastaların konstipasyon veya dışkılama özellikleri sıklıkla göz ardı edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ileri evre larenks kanseri tanısıyla farklı tedavi stratejileri uygulanmış hastalarda, standardize sorgulamalarla, fonksiyonel konstipasyon sıklığını değerlendirmek ve konstipasyonun yaşam kalitesine etkisini ortaya koymaktır.Gereç ve Yöntemler:İleri evre larenks kanser tanısıyla total larenjektomi uygulanmış 15 hasta ile kemoradyoterapi uygulanmış 16 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Konstipasyonun standardize edilmiş şekilde sorgulanması için Rome III kriterleri, yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi için ise Avrupa Kanser Araştırma ve Tedavi Organizasyonu Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği-C30 ve konstipasyon semptom skalası kullanıldı. Bulgular:Yaş ortalaması 60.9 (51-75 yaş aralığı) olan 15 total larenjektomi hastası ve ortalama yaşı 57.6 (48-69 yaş aralığı) olan 16 kemoradyoterapi hastasının verileri incelendi. Rome III kriterleri ile konstipasyon varlığı değerlendirildiğinde, total larenjektomi grubunda konstipasyon sıklığının, kemoradyoterapi grubuna göre, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olacak şekilde, daha fazla olduğu gözlendi (p=0.007). C30 Konstipasyon semptom medyan skorları açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık gözlenmedi. C30 Global yaşam kalitesi medyan skorları, kemoradyoterapi grubunda daha yüksek olmasına rağmen, gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık bulunmadığı görüldü.Sonuç:Glottik kapanmanın kalıcı olarak kaybolması, kapalı glottis ıkınma fizyolojisini ortadan kaldırarak etkin defekasyonun başlangıç ve sonlanımı için gerekli itiş gücünü etkilemekte ve fonksiyonel konstipasyona yol açmaktadır. Hali hazırda ileri evre kanser olmaları nedeniyle artmış konstipasyon riski olan bu hastaların, uygulanan tedavi stratejisine bağlı olarak mevcut riskleri ve konstipasyon sıklığı artmaktadır. Bu durumu ortaya koymak için, Rome kriterleri gibi standardize sorgulamaların kullanılması çok daha faydalı olacak gibi görünmektedir.
VIRTUAL CURRENCY AS AN OBJECT OF CIVIL RIGHTS IN RUSSIA
Authors: I. Ovchinnikov Alexey , G. Kravchenko Artur , Yu. Mamychev Alexey , I. Fatkhi Valentina 
Published: November 2019

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to conduct a scientific analysis of the place of cryptocurrency in the system of objects of civil rights in Russia.
Methodology: This research applies a system of general scientific, special scientific, and special methods of cognition of socio-legal and socio-economic phenomena, including historical-legal, comparative-legal, formal-logical methods, the method of dialectics, the method of system analysis.
Result: Digital information technology has become a global trend in world economic development. This article deals with the study of the current state and prospects of legal regulation of virtual currencies (cryptocurrency) in Russia.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Virtual currency as an object of civil rights in Russia is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
“DEUTSCHE WELLE” AS A MASS MEDIA LANGUAGE FOR SPECIALIST PURPOSES: PRAGMATICS, ANALYSIS, AND TRANSLATION
Authors: O. M. Bilous , O. A. Semeniuk , S. P. Mychyda , O. I. Bilous 
Published: November 2019

Purpose: Within the framework of the translation studies, the results of research on mass media texts were presented only by individual examples in the professional literature. While, for example, literary texts have developed a variety of guidelines, strategies, and models of translation. There were almost no studies on the TV news translation. We have found only a few references to this topic in scientific works dealing with mass media texts translation in general. There is still no comprehensive analysis of the German mass media translation in Ukrainian.
Methodology: However the language for specialist purposes is a special style, which creates and presents to the viewer the news texts for television. Typically, the TV news services set their own requirements for the TV news language, but there are common rules followed by all TV news editors. The linguistic designing defines the light in which the events are presented and what opinion the recipient will form.
Result: However, in recent years the demand for mass media texts translation has significantly increased. It was influenced by the distribution of audiovisual international information channels such as Euronews, BBC, France 24, DW. Deutsche Welle TV news which is currently being translated into thirty languages of the world, including Ukrainian. To some degree the translation of Deutsche Welle TV news into Ukrainian influences the level of Ukrainian integration into the European space. Due to a well-executed translation Ukrainians can learn about current political and economic events that take place in Europe and in the world, about the latest achievements in medicine, technology, ecology, sociology, etc.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of “Deutsche Welle” as a Mass Media Language for Specialist Purposes: Pragmatics, Analysis and Translation is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
Quando gli attributi travalicano il signum. Riflessioni sull’identità visuale degli dèi a Roma = When attributes go beyond the signum. Remarks on the visual identity of the gods in Rome
Authors: Benedetti Ginevra 
Published: November 2019

Riassunto: In questo lavoro ci si propone di analizzare, attraverso le pagine degli autori latini, la costruzione semiotica sottostante la rappresentazione visuale degli dèi nella cultura romana; ognuno di loro possedeva infatti qualche attributo o combinazione di attributi in grado di identificarli con maggiore o minore certezza, ciò che gli autori antichi definivano insignia, dei “segni speciali” che guidavano l’interpretazione / identificazione di un signum. In particolare, saranno presi in esame alcuni oggetti concreti impiegati dalla cultura romana per costruire immagini divine nella loro funzione di attributi dotati di una specifica identità semiotica. A Roma vi erano altresì casi specifici in cui il potere dell’insigne risultava traboccante; la marca di riconoscibilità, in questi casi, era identificata con la totalità dell’immagine, così come l’immagine totale era ridotta e identificata con l’estensione della marca di riconoscimento: l’insigne, in questo caso, costituiva l’immagine. Questo ci porterà dunque a discutere i metodi di costruzione, adattamento, prestito e scarto delle immagini divine tra i politeismi antichi, delineando altresì prospettive comparative e analitiche.Abstract: In this work we aim to analyze, through the pages of the Latin authors, the semiotic construction underneath the visual representation of the gods in the Roman culture; each of them possessed some attribute or combination of attributes capable of identifying them with more or less certainty, what the ancient authors called insignia, the “special signs” that guided the interpretation / identification of a signum. In particular, some concrete objects will be examined, used by the Roman culture to construct divine images in their function of attributes endowed with a specific identity. In Rome there were also specific cases in which the power of the insigne was overflowing. The mark of recognizability, in these cases, was identified with the totality of the image, just as the image was reduced to the extension of the mark of recognition: the insigne, in that case, was the image. This will lead us to question the methods of construction, adaptation, borrowing and exclusion of divine images among ancient polytheisms, outlining comparative and analytical perspectives.Parole chiave: Appropriazione, identità, immagini divine, insignia, signa panthea, statua.Key words: Appropriation, divine images, identity, insignia, signa panthea, statue.
Planarian Fission Induction Protocol
Authors: Arnold Christopher , Benham-Pyle Blair , Alvarado Alejandro Sánchez 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Planarian asexual reproduction via transverse fission is a size-dependent animal behavior that offers a robust context to investigate mechanisms coordinating growth, patterning, and function. During fission, planarians mechanically break off a portion of posterior tissue which will go on to regenerate into a clonal progeny. By optimizing husbandry techniques of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea, we developed a protocol that robustly induces fission behavior. This technique permits the investigation of the effects of different experimental perturbations on planarian fission. Using visual scoring, successful fissions can be scored daily by counting fission progeny. While this protocol only measures successful fissions, constant video recording permits the measurement of unsuccessful fission attempts as well. The protocol consists of the optimal husbandry of worms, transfer of animals to dishes, and scoring of animal fissions over a 2-week period.
Urothelial organoids originate from mouse cells display differentiation capacity
Authors: Santos Catarina P. , Lapi Eleonora , Fernández-Barral Asunción , Barbáchano Antonio , Muñoz Alberto , Real Francisco X. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Here we describe the establishment of mouse urothelial organoids from healthy urothelial tissue digests. NMU-o can grow within 7 days in medium enriched in growth factors, without FACS-sorting epithelial populations and can be passaged in culture for more than one year with stable morphology. In the absence of growth factors, NMU-o can differentiate within 14days exhibiting drastic morphological changes (increased diameter and lumen size, and decreased thickness layers) and expressing suprabasal urothelial markers (uroplakins and tigh junctions) both at the mRNA and protein levels. Transcriptomic tools (RNA-seq and single-cell RNA-seq) were preformed further supporting this differences between proliferative and differentiated organoids, allowing the discovery of novel genes involved in these processes.
Nurses' perception of diabetes care needs in long-term facilities in Japan: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Sato Miho , Yuki Michiko , Okubo Saori 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Diabetes is one of the common aging-related diseases, and older people with diabetes are likely to have significant health issues. In long-term care facilities, nurses often face challenges in providing appropriate diabetes care for residents. This study aimed to describe the experience and perception of nurses in diabetes care at long-term care facilities.Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was administered to 1371 nurses representing different facilities. A self-report questionnaire was used to collect data regarding demographic characteristics of participants, variables related to diabetes management, difficulties in diabetes care, and the recognition of educational opportunity needs in diabetes care as well as needs for diabetes care guidelines. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were performed to examine the associations among variables.Results: Among participants, 88.7% owned registered nurse license and had an average experience of 10.4 years in long-term care facilities. Approximately 61% perceived difficulties in recognizing signs/symptoms of acute metabolic failure due to hyperglycemia, while about 37% of participants did in being aware of the signs/symptoms of hypoglycemia. About 59% of participants perceived difficulties in managing blood glucose with respect to residents’ needs and preferences. Approximately 62% recognized educational opportunity needs and about 75% recognized the need for diabetes care guidelines suitable for long-term care facilities. These needs were related to the perception of difficulties, but not to variables related to diabetes management. Conclusion: This study identified the specific areas in which nurses experienced difficulties in diabetes care for residents and revealed the areas in which an approach for improving confidence of nurses in diabetes care is needed as a priority. Moreover, educational opportunities and diabetes care guidelines are required to improve the quality of care for long-term care residents.
Impact of Early versus Late Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy in Patients with acute kidney injury after liver transplantation: a retrospective study.
Authors: Ren Ao , Li Zhongqiu , zhang Xuzhi , Deng Ronghai , Ma Yi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Acute kidney injury is a frequent complication after liver transplantation. RRT is an important treatment for AKI, but the optimal time for initiation of RRT is still controversial. Our aim is to investigate the prognosis effect of initial RRT treatment time.Methods: Clinical data of 173 recipients undergoing liver transplantation from July 2017 to March 2019 was retrospectively analyzed. All the patients receiving RRT were divided into early and late group. Prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results: 48 patients developed AKI, among which 23 cases(13.29%) received RRT, of which 13 were in early group (56.52%) and 10 were in late group (43.48%). AKI was associated with longer length of ICU and hospital stay, increased post-operative 30 and 90 day mortality, the incidence of PNF and EAD. In patients receiving RRT, compared with the early group, the duration of length of ICU and hospital stay and the incidence of severe infection were significantly increased in late group (P < 0.05).Conclusions: AKI was associated with longer length of ICU and hospital stay, poor short-term mortality and functional recovery of transplanted organ. Early initiation of RRT could reduce the severe infection and length of ICU and hospital stay.
Risk factors for progression of solitary plasmacytoma of bone to multiple myeloma in the spine: A population-based study
Authors: Xie Lin , Wang Hongli , Jiang Jianyuan , Zheng Chaojun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: SBP of spine is a primary spinal malignant tumor. Risk factors for progression of solitary plasmacytoma of bone (SBP) to multiple myeloma in spine remains controversial. We aimed to analysis the risk factors for progression of solitary plasmacytoma of bone (SBP) to multiple myeloma in spine. Methods: A total of 1543 patients diagnosed with SBP of spine in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 1992 to 2013 were included in the study. Factors associated of progression to multiple myeloma (MM) were assessed with univariate and multivariate methods. Results: 1543 patients with SBP of spine were collected and 659 patients progressed to MM. The overall rate of progression to MM was 42.51%, Age, race, gender, and chemotherapy were found to be associated with disease progression to MM in the univariate analysis, greater age (45-59: OR=2.017, 95%CI, 1.287 to 3.159; 60-74: OR=2.940, 95%CI, 1.891 to 4.570; 75-89: OR=3.180, 95%CI, 1.976 to 5.118; >89: OR=5.524, 95%CI, 1.965 to 15.526), patients of white race (OR = 2.032, 95% CI, 1.079 to 3.826), female patients (OR = 1.272, 95% CI, 1.027 to 1.576), and patients received chemotherapy (OR = 1.593, 95%CI, 1.243 to 2.042) was identified as independent risk factors for SBP of spine progression to MM in the multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Greater age, white race, female and chemotherapy was identified as independent risk factors for SBP of spine progression to MM.
Rare cause of Peritoneal Dialysis–Related Peritonitis in a child: Abiotrophi defectiva
Authors: Juanjuan Zhou , Junwen Yang , Kaijie Gao , Fleming Joy , Junmei Yang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background: Abiotrophia defective is a frequently reported clinical infection; however, it is rarely implicated in peritoneal dialysis–related infections in peritonitis patients. Case presentation: We report a rare case of peritoneal dialysis–related peritonitis caused by Abiotrophia defective in a child. A 12-year-old Chinese child with a history of chronic kidney disease stage 5 presented with abdominal pain and vomiting. She had a cell count of 567.10 × 106/L cells, of which 84% were polymorphonuclear. Peritoneal dialysis effluent was cultured using standard protocols, and the organism was identified as Abiotrophia defective by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. The patient responded well to ceftazidime and vancomycin, and ten days later, peritoneal dialysis effluent culture and white cell counts were negative. Conclusion: This is the first case of Abiotrophia defective peritoneal dialysis-Peritonitis in a chronic kidney disease stage 5 child reported in Asia. This infection may be more prevalent, but has been overlooked until the recent introduction of techniques such as matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and 16S RNA sequencing. Clinicians and microbiologists should pay greater attention to this organism in patients with peritoneal dialysis -Peritonitis, as its pathogenicity is often underestimated.
PSP2 , a gene encoding RGG-motif protein, is a novel suppressor of clathrin heavy chain deficiency
Authors: Roy Debadrita , Garg Mani , Rajyaguru Purusharth I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Clathrin, made up of the heavy- and light-chains, constitutes one of the most abundant protein in vesicles involved in intracellular protein trafficking and endocytosis. YPR129W, which encodes RGG-motif containing translation repressor was identified as a part of multi-gene construct (SCD6) that suppressed clathrin deficiency. However, the contribution of YPR129W alone in suppressing clathrin deficiency has not been documented. In this study we identify YPR129W as a necessary and sufficient gene in a multigene construct SCD6 that suppresses clathrin deficiency. Importantly, we identify cytoplasmic RGG-motif protein encoding gene PSP2 as a novel suppressor of clathrin deficiency. Three other RGG-motif protein encoding genes SBP1, DED1 and GBP2 do not suppress clathrin deficiency. DHH1, a DEAD-box RNA helicase with translation repression activity also fails to rescue clathrin deficiency. α-factor secretion assay suggests that suppression of clathrin deficiency by SCD6 and PSP2 is not mediated by the rescue of the trans-Golgi network (TGN) protein sorting defect observed in the absence of CHC1. Detailed domain analysis of the two suppressors reveals that the RGG-motif of both Scd6 and Psp2 is important for suppressing clathrin deficiency. Additionally, the Lsm domain deletion as well as the arginine to alanine mutation in the arginine methylation defective (AMD) mutant render Scd6 defective in suppressing clathrin deficiency. Overall based on our results using SCD6 and PSP2 proteins, we identify a novel role of RGG-motif in suppressing clathrin deficiency. Since both the suppressors are RNA-binding granule-resident proteins, this study opens an exciting avenue for exploring the connection between clathrin function and cytoplasmic RNA metabolism.
Prognostic nomogram for hepatocellular carcinoma with fibrosis of varying degrees
Authors: Zhang Rui , Chen Jie , Jiang Ying-yi , Wang Jian , Chen Shi-yao 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background To investigate prognostic value of varying degrees of liver fibrosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and establish an effective prognostic nomogram.
Methods Eligible HCC patients with different degrees of fibrosis between 2004 and 2015 were matched from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database using propensity score matching (PSM). Prognostic value was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier and Cox hazard analysis. The nomogram on variables selected by multivariate analyses was established and subjected to internal validation. The predictive accuracy of nomograms was tested by concordance index (C-index) and calibration.
Results HCC patients with advanced fibrosis/ cirrhosis was correlated with poor survival than those with none/moderate fibrosis in all patients [HR: 1.111, 95%CI (1.042-1.185); p=0.001] and in the PSM cohort [HR: 1.131, 95%CI (1.032-1.240); p=0.009]. Multivariate analysis of propensity-matched cohort revealed that age more than 63, higher fibrosis score, AJCC stage T3-4, distant metastasis (M1), Tumor size ≥1, vascular invasion and elevated AFP level were independent factors. The nomogram integrating these factors offers an effective prognostic prediction for HCC patients (C-index 0.749, 95%CI: 0.735~0.763) relative to AJCC 7th edition (0.727) and TNM (0.73). The calibration plots suggested optimal agreement between nomogram prediction and actual observation.
Conclusions Increased fibrosis was an independent risk factor for HCC survival. The prognostic nomogram integrating fibrosis score offers a more accurate prediction.