bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of molecular markers for invasive alien plants in Korea: a case study of a toxic weed, Cenchrus longispinus L., based on next generation sequencing data
Authors: Hyun JongYoung , Do Hoang Dang Khoa , Jung Joonhyung , Kim Joo-Hwan 
Published: November 2019

Background
Genomic data play an important role in plant research because of its implications in studying genomic evolution, phylogeny, and developing molecular markers. Although the information of invasive alien plants was collected, the genomic data of those species have not been intensively studied.

Methods
We employ the next generation sequencing and PCR methods to explore the genomic data as well as to develop and test the molecular markers.

Results
In this study, we characterize the chloroplast genomes (cpDNA) of Cenchrus longispinus and C. echinatus, of which the lengths are 137,144 and 137,131 bp, respectively. These two newly sequenced genomes include 78 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA, and four rRNA. There are 56 simple single repeats and 17 forward repeats in the chloroplast genome of C. longispinus. Most of the repeats locate in non-coding regions. However, repeats can be found in infA, ndhD, ndhH, ndhK, psbC, rpl22, rpoC2, rps14, trnA-UGC, trnC-GCA, trnF-GAA, trnQ-UUG, trnS-UGA, trnS-GCU, and ycf15. The phylogenomic analysis revealed the monophyly of Cenchrus but not Panicum species in tribe Paniceae. The single nucleotide polymorphism sites in atpB, matK, and ndhD were successfully used for developing molecular markers to distinguish C. longispinus and related taxa. The simple PCR protocol for using the newly developed molecular markers was also provided.
Safety of slow‐pulsed transcranial electrical stimulation in acute spike suppression
Authors: Holmes Mark D. , Feng Rui , Wise Mackenzie V. , Ma Chengxin , Ramon Ceon , Wu Jinsong , Luu Phan , Hou Jidong , Pan Li , Tucker Don M. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe examined the effects of slow‐pulsed transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) in suppressing epileptiform discharges in seven adults with refractory epilepsy. An MRI‐based realistic head model was constructed for each subject and co‐registered with 256‐channel dense EEG (dEEG). Interictal spikes were localized, and TES targeted the cortical source of each subject's principal spike population. Targeted spikes were suppressed in five subject's (29/35 treatment days overall), and nontargeted spikes were suppressed in four subjects. Epileptiform activity did not worsen. This study suggests that this protocol, designed to induce long‐term depression (LTD), is safe and effective in acute suppression of interictal epileptiform discharges.
New Roll‐to‐Roll Processable PEDOT‐Based Polymer with Colorless Bleached State for Flexible Electrochromic Devices
Authors: Macher Sven , Schott Marco , Sassi Mauro , Facchinetti Irene , Ruffo Riccardo , Patriarca Giorgio , Beverina Luca , Posset Uwe , Giffin Guinevere A. , Löbmann Peer 
Published: November 2019

AbstractConjugated electrochromic (EC) polymers for flexible EC devices (ECDs) generally lack a fully colorless bleached state. A strategy to overcome this drawback is the implementation of a new sidechain‐modified poly(3,4‐ethylene dioxythiophene) derivative that can be deposited in thin‐film form in a customized high‐throughput and large‐area roll‐to‐roll polymerization process. The sidechain modification provides enhanced EC properties in terms of visible light transmittance change, Δτv = 59% (ΔL* = 54.1), contrast ratio (CR = 15.8), coloration efficiency (η = 530 cm² C−1), and color neutrality (L* = 83.8, a* = −4.3, b* = −4.1) in the bleached state. The intense blue‐colored polymer thin films exhibit high cycle stability (10 000 cycles) and fast response times. The design, synthesis, and polymerization of the modified 3,4‐ethylene dioxythiophene derivative are discussed along with a detailed optical, electrochemical, and spectroelectrochemical characterization of the resulting EC thin films. Finally, a flexible see‐through ECD with a visible light transmittance change of Δτv = 47% (ΔL* = 51.9) and a neutral‐colored bleached state is developed.
The Many Ways to Assemble Nanoparticles Using Light
Authors: Bian Tong , Chu Zonglin , Klajn Rafal 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe ability to reversibly assemble nanoparticles using light is both fundamentally interesting and important for applications ranging from reversible data storage to controlled drug delivery. Here, the diverse approaches that have so far been developed to control the self‐assembly of nanoparticles using light are reviewed and compared. These approaches include functionalizing nanoparticles with monolayers of photoresponsive molecules, placing them in photoresponsive media capable of reversibly protonating the particles under light, and decorating plasmonic nanoparticles with thermoresponsive polymers, to name just a few. The applicability of these methods to larger, micrometer‐sized particles is also discussed. Finally, several perspectives on further developments in the field are offered.
Inhibition Role of Trace Metal Ion Additives on Zinc Dendrites during Plating and Striping Processes
Authors: Chang Ge , Liu Shijun , Fu Yanan , Hao Xin , Jin Wei , Ji Xiaobo , Hu Jiugang 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDendritic inhibition is crucial for the cycle and reversibility of zinc‐based batteries. In this work, the trace metal ions including lead, copper, and nickel are used as additives to inhibit the growth of zinc dendrites. The interfacial evolution behaviors of zinc deposits during plating and striping processes are in situ observed by synchrotron radiation X‐ray imaging technique. The addition of lead and nickel ions induces a polarization role for zinc reduction, whereas copper ions present a depolarization role. After adding trace lead or nickel ions, zinc deposits become smoother and dendrites are effectively suppressed because of the homogenous deposition sites induced by co‐deposition of lead or nickel. Due to the depolarization role of copper ions, a large number of bubbles generate on the substrate and the loose zinc dendrites adhere on the bubble surface. In addition, the zinc deposits in the presence of trace lead ions present a more homogeneous stripping behavior. These results are helpful for understanding the inhibition role of metal ions additives on zinc dendrites and potentially improve the reversibility of zinc‐based batteries.
Triboelectric Flow Sensor with Float–Cone Structure for Industrial Pneumatic System Monitoring
Authors: Wang Zheng , Gao Qiang , Wang Yingting , Wang Jianlong , Wang Yuqi , Cheng Tinghai , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFlow monitoring is important in automatic control, medicine and health, flow safety, and early warning of pipeline leakages. In this work, a triboelectric flow sensor (TFS) with a float–cone structure is proposed. The fabricated TFS consists of an outer translucent conical shell and an inner float. As the float with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polymer film moves up and down along the triangular electrode with the change in flow, electrons are injected that flow back and forth between electrode and ground, generating an alternating current. Interestingly, the open‐circuit voltage of the TFS is directly proportional to the instantaneous flow and is not affected by the pressure and flow direction. The effective detection range of the TFS is 30 to 300 L min−1, and the corresponding range ratio is 10:1, which meets actual specifications in industrial applications. The experimental results are consistent with a theoretical analysis. Compared with a commercial digital‐display flow sensor, the TFS has superior flow measurement resolution of better than 5 L min−1. Therefore, the fabricated TFS is accurate and flexible, and thus provides alternative means to monitor flow for automated industrial equipment.
Phonon Polaritons and Hyperbolic Response in van der Waals Materials
Authors: Hu Guangwei , Shen Jialiang , Qiu Cheng‐Wei , Alù Andrea , Dai Siyuan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPhonon polaritons provide useful opportunities, complementary to those provided by plasmon polaritons, in the study of the interaction of light with matter at small scales. The focus of this review is on phonon polaritons in low‐dimensional van der Waals (vdW) materials and heterostructures. Phonon polaritons confined in vdW materials exhibit large electromagnetic localization and are easy to hybridize with other collective modes. The extreme optical anisotropy in vdW systems produces the natural hyperbolic dispersion, enabling the access to deep subdiffractional optics and often yielding improved figures of merit over hyperbolic metamaterials. These virtues hold promises for practical nanophotonic applications, including optical sensing, super‐resolution imaging, energy and emission engineering, quantum optics, and a next generation of optical circuit elements.
Metal‐Free C3 Hydroxylation of Quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones in Water
Authors: Peng Sha , Hu Die , Hu Jia‐Li , Lin Ying‐Wu , Tang Shan‐Shan , Tang Hai‐Shan , He Jun‐Yi , Cao Zhong , He Wei‐Min 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA practical protocol for the preparation of quinoxaline‐2,3(1H,4H)‐diones through direct C(sp2)−H hydroxylation of quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones in recyclable DL‐α‐Tocopherol methoxypolyethylene glycol succinate solution (2 wt% in water) (TPGS‐750‐M/H2O) was developed. The target products were exclusively generated and could be collected through extraction and recrystallization.magnified image
Interface Engineered Room‐Temperature Ferromagnetic Insulating State in Ultrathin Manganite Films
Authors: Li Weiwei , Zhu Bonan , He Qian , Borisevich Albina Y. , Yun Chao , Wu Rui , Lu Ping , Qi Zhimin , Wang Qiang , Chen Aiping , Wang Haiyan , Cavill Stuart A. , Zhang Kelvin H. L. , MacManus‐Driscoll Judith L. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUltrathin epitaxial films of ferromagnetic insulators (FMIs) with Curie temperatures near room temperature are critically needed for use in dissipationless quantum computation and spintronic devices. However, such materials are extremely rare. Here, a room‐temperature FMI is achieved in ultrathin La0.9Ba0.1MnO3 films grown on SrTiO3 substrates via an interface proximity effect. Detailed scanning transmission electron microscopy images clearly demonstrate that MnO6 octahedral rotations in La0.9Ba0.1MnO3 close to the interface are strongly suppressed. As determined from in situ X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy, O K‐edge X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, and density functional theory, the realization of the FMI state arises from a reduction of Mn eg bandwidth caused by the quenched MnO6 octahedral rotations. The emerging FMI state in La0.9Ba0.1MnO3 together with necessary coherent interface achieved with the perovskite substrate gives very high potential for future high performance electronic devices.
Chemical Cocktail Induces Hematopoietic Reprogramming and Expands Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
Authors: Zhou Yi , Zhu Xingli , Dai Yuting , Xiong Shumin , Wei Chuijin , Yu Pei , Tang Yuewen , Wu Liang , Li Jianfeng , Liu Dan , Wang Yanlin , Chen Zhu , Chen Sai‐Juan , Huang Jinyan , Cheng Lin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractGeneration of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) via cell expansion or cell reprogramming has been widely achieved by overexpression of transcription factors. Herein, it is reported that without introducing exogenous genes, mouse fibroblasts can be reprogrammed into hemogenic cells based on lineage tracing analysis, which further develop into hematopoietic cells, by treatment of cocktails of chemical compounds. The chemical cocktails also reprogram differentiated hematopoietic cells back into HSPC‐like cells. Most importantly, the chemical cocktails enabling hematopoietic reprogramming robustly promote HSPC proliferation ex vivo. The expanded HSPCs acquire enhanced capacity of hematopoietic reconstruction in vivo. Single‐cell sequencing analysis verifies the expansion of HSPCs and the cell reprogramming toward potential generation of HSPCs at the same time by the chemical cocktail treatment. Thus, the proof‐of‐concept findings not only demonstrate that hematopoietic reprogramming can be achieved by chemical compounds but also provide a promising strategy for acquisition of HSPCs by chemical cocktail‐enabled double effects.
Going beyond Intercalation Capacity of Aqueous Batteries by Exploiting Conversion Reactions of Mn and Zn electrodes for Energy‐Dense Applications
Authors: Yadav Gautam G. , Cho Jungsang , Turney Damon , Hawkins Brendan , Wei Xia , Huang Jinchao , Banerjee Sanjoy , Nyce Michael 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe recent trend in zinc (Zn) anode aqueous batteries has been to explore layered structures like manganese dioxides and vanadium oxides as Zn‐ion intercalation hosts. These structures, although novel, face limitations like their layered counterparts in lithium (Li)‐ion batteries, where the capacity is limited to the host's intercalation capacity. In this paper, a new strategy is proposed in enabling new generation of energy dense aqueous‐based batteries, where the conversion reactions of rock salt/spinel manganese oxides and carbon nanotube‐nested nanosized Zn electrodes are exploited to extract significantly higher capacity compared to intercalation systems. Accessing the conversion reactions allows to achieve high capacities of 750 mAh g−1 (≈30 mAh cm−2) from manganese oxide (MnO) and 810 mAh g−1 (≈30 mAh cm−2) from nanoscale Zn anodes, respectively. The high areal capacities help to attain unprecedented energy densities of 210 Wh per L‐cell and 320 Wh per kg‐total (398 Wh per kg‐active) from aqueous MnO|CNT‐Zn batteries, which allows an assessment of its viable use in a small‐scale automobile.
Segment IV approach for difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Kitamura Hiroaki , Fujioka Shuichi , Hata Taigo , Misawa Takeyuki , Yanaga Katsuhiko 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAlthough achieving the critical view of safety (CVS) is useful for avoiding vasculobiliary injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), the CVS cannot always be achieved in cases of severe cholecystitis because of technical difficulties. Herein, we focused on segment IV of the liver and its diagonal line (D‐line) as a feasible landmark for carrying out difficult LC. The D‐line connects the right dorsal and left ventral corners of segment IV and is used as the vectoral landmark, which is where the gallbladder is first dissected to achieve CVS without misidentification. Conversion to subtotal cholecystectomy along the D‐line is also feasible when gallbladder wall scarring is severe. We named this procedure the segment IV approach for LC. Sixty‐two consecutive difficult LC (including 27 scheduled LC after percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage [PTGBD] and 35 conservatively treated cases of Tokyo Guidelines [TG] grade II cholecystitis) were managed by the segment IV approach. Successful gallbladder extraction along the D‐line was achieved in 44 (71%) cases; all of these cases also achieved CVS following total cholecystectomy. The other 18 (29%) cases were converted to subtotal cholecystectomy because gallbladder extraction along the D‐line failed as a result of severe cholecystitis with inflammatory adhesion with surrounding structures. Median operative time and intraoperative blood loss were 135 (range, 54‐290) min and 10 (range, 0‐100) mL, respectively. No intra‐ or postoperative complications were observed. The segment IV approach is feasible for achieving CVS and for considering subtotal cholecystectomy in difficult LC cases where scarring of the gallbladder wall is present.
Incidence and outcomes of rare T cell lymphomas from the T Cell Project: hepatosplenic, enteropathy associated and peripheral gamma delta T cell lymphomas
Authors: Foss Francine M. , Horwitz Steven M. , Civallero Monica , Bellei Monica , Marcheselli Luigi , Kim Won Seog , Cabrera Maria E. , Dlouhy Ivan , Nagler Arnon , Advani Ranjana H. , Pesce Emanuela A. , Ko Young‐Hyeh , Montoto Silvia , Chiattone Carlos , Moskowitz Alison , Spina Michele , Cesaretti Marina , Biasoli Irene , Federico Massimo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe T Cell Project was the largest prospective trial to explore the incidence, treatment patterns, and outcomes for T cell lymphomas. The rare subtypes of T cell lymphomas, including hepatosplenic T cell lymphoma (HSTCL), enteropathy associated T cell lymphoma (EATL), and peripheral gamma delta T cell lymphomas (PGDTCLs) are poorly represented in most studies and there is little data regarding treatment patterns. We report results from 115 patients with hepatosplenic (n = 31), enteropathy associated (n = 65), and PGDTCLs (n = 19). While anthracycline regimens were most commonly used as first line therapy, response rates ranged from 20%‐40% and were suboptimal for all groups. Autologous stem cell transplantation was performed as a consolidation in first remission in a small number of patients (33% of HSTCL, 7% of EATL, and 12% of PGDTCL), and four patients with HSTCL underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation in first remission. The progression free survival at 3 years ranged from 28%‐40% for these rare subtypes, and the overall survival at 3 years was most favorable for PGDTCL (70%). These data highlight the need for novel treatment approaches for rare subtypes of T cell lymphomas and for their inclusion in clinical trials.
Human‐like adrenal development in wild chimpanzees: A longitudinal study of urinary dehydroepiandrosterone‐sulfate and cortisol
Authors: Sabbi Kris H. , Muller Martin N. , Machanda Zarin P. , Otali Emily , Fox Stephanie A. , Wrangham Richard W. , Emery Thompson Melissa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe development of the adrenal cortex varies considerably across primates, being most conspicuous in humans, where a functional zona reticularis–the site of dehydroepiandrosterone‐sulfate (DHEA/S) production–does not develop until middle childhood (5–8 years). Prior reports suggest that a human‐like adrenarche, associated with a sharp prepubertal increase in DHEA/S, may only occur in the genus Pan. However, the timing and variability in adrenarche in chimpanzees remain poorly described, owing to the lack of longitudinal data, or data from wild populations. Here, we use urine samples from East African chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) collected over 20 years at Kanyawara in Kibale National Park, Uganda, to trace the developmental trajectories of DHEAS (n = 1,385 samples, 53 individuals) and cortisol (n = 12,726 samples, 68 individuals). We used generalized additive models (GAM) to investigate the relationship between age, sex, and hormone levels. Adrenarche began earlier in chimpanzees (~2–3 years) compared with what has been reported in humans (6–8 years) and, unlike humans, male and female chimpanzees did not differ significantly in the timing of adrenarche nor in DHEAS concentrations overall. Similar to what has been reported in humans, cortisol production decreased through early life, reaching a nadir around puberty (8–11 years), and a sex difference emerged with males exhibiting higher urinary cortisol levels compared with females by early adulthood (15–16 years). Our study establishes that wild chimpanzees exhibit a human‐like pattern of cortisol production during development and corroborates prior reports from captive chimpanzees of a human‐like adrenarche, accompanied by significant developmental increases in DHEAS. While the role of these developmental hormone shifts are as yet unclear, they have been implicated in stages of rapid behavioral development once thought unique to humans, especially in regard to explaining the divergence of female and male social behavior before pubertal increases in gonadal hormones.
Ontogenetic insights into the significance of mandibular corpus shape variation in hominoids: Developmental covariation between M2 crypt formation and corpus shape
Authors: Pitirri M. K. , Begun David 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectivesHere, we quantify and compare the cross‐sectional shape of the mandibular corpus between M1 and M2 during growth in Pan paniscus, Pan troglodytes, and Pongo pygmaeus. The goal is to assess the hypothesis that the shape of the corpus is influenced by the development of permanent molars in their crypts, by examining ontogenetic changes in corpus shape and investigating covariation between corpus shape and M2 and M3 molar crypt forms.Materials and MethodsOntogenetic changes in mandibular corpus shape were assessed using landmarks and semilandmarks, and measurements of length, width, and height were used to quantify molar crypts (M2 and M3). Ontogenetic changes in corpus growth from the eruption of M1 to the eruption of M3 were evaluated for each species through generalized Procrustes analysis and principal components analysis in shape–space and form–space. The relationship between corpus shape and molar crypt form was investigated at three different developmental stages using two‐block partial least squares (2B‐PLS) analysis.ResultsThe results show clear differences in growth patterns among all three species and provide evidence that species‐level differences in mandibular corpus growth occur prior to the emergence of M1. The results of the 2B‐PLS analysis reveal that significant covariance between corpus shape and molar crypt form is limited to the developmental stage marked by the emergence of M1, with covariance between corpus shape and M2 crypt width. Corpora that are relatively narrower in the inferior portion of the cross section covary with relatively narrower M2 crypts.ConclusionsThese results have important implications for understanding the taxonomic and phylogenetic significance of mandibular corpus shape variation in the hominoid fossil record.
High‐speed CO2 transport channel containing carboxymethyl chitosan/hydrotalcite membrane for CO2 separation
Authors: Borgohain Rajashree , Mandal Bishnupada 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTA comprehensive understanding of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)‐based mixed matrix membrane (MMM) has been critically investigated. The present work elaborates the compatibility of hydrotalcite (HT) and CMC in terms of CO2 separation application. Various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques have been utilized to characterize the respective properties of the prepared membrane. The temperature stability and moisture retention behavior of the membrane recognized itself as the flue gas separation membrane. The CO2/N2 separation experiment was performed on the MMM at different temperature (60–110 °C) and sweep/feed water flow to the saturator ratio (0.33 to 3). The membrane exhibited the optimum CO2 permeance of 70 GPU at 90°C pertaining to water flow ratio of 2.33 (sweep/feed). The CO2/N2 selectivity observed at that same operating condition was 13. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48715.