bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fas Ligand Enhances Apoptosis of Human Lung Cancer Cells Cotreated with RIG-I-like Receptor Agonist and Radiation
Authors: Sato Yoshiaki , Yoshino Hironori , Tsuruga Eichi , Kashiwakura Ikuo 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) play key roles
in the antiviral response, but recent works show that RLR activation elicits anticancer activity as
well, including apoptosis. Previously, we demonstrated that the anticancer activity of the RLR agonist
Poly(I:C)-HMW/LyoVec™ [Poly(I:C)-HMW] against human lung cancer cells was enhanced
by cotreatment with ionizing radiation (IR). In addition, cotreatment with Poly(I:C)-HMW and IR
induced apoptosis in a Fas-independent manner, and increased Fas expression on the cell surface.

Objective:
The current study investigated the resultant hypothesis that Fas ligand (FasL) may enhance
apoptosis in lung cancer cells cotreated with Poly(I:C)-HMW+IR.

Methods:
FasL was added into culture medium at 24 h following cotreatment with Poly(I:C)-
HMW+IR, after upregulation of cell surface Fas expression on human lung cancer cells A549 and
H1299 have already been discussed.

Results:
FasL enhanced the apoptosis of A549 and H1299 cells treated with Poly(I:C)-HMW+IR.
Similarly, IR alone - and not Poly(I:C)-HMW - resulted in the upregulation of cell surface Fas expression
followed by a high response to FasL-induced apoptosis, thus suggesting that the high sensitivity
of cells treated with Poly(I:C)-HMW+IR to FasL-induced apoptosis resulted from the cellular
response to IR. Finally, knockdown of Fas by siRNA confirmed that the high response of treated
cells to FasL-induced apoptosis is dependent on Fas expression.

Conclusion:
In summary, the present study indicates that upregulated Fas expression following cotreatment
with Poly(I:C)-HMW and IR is responsive to FasL-induced apoptosis, and a combination
of RLR agonist, IR, and FasL could be a potential promising cancer therapy.
Recovery of Cellulose Nanofiber from Lignocellulosic Biomass: Recent Trends and Applications
Authors: Majumdar Ria , Mishra Umesh , Muthuraj Muthusivaramapandian , Bhunia Biswanath 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Plants are considered an important feedstock for cellulose, although algae
can be used as a reservoir for the extraction of cellulose in its pure form. Cellulose nanofiber extracted
from plant and algae gains more attention among researchers due to their size in the nano range,
low cost for preparation, higher surface area available for tuning, outstanding mechanical properties
and eco-friendly nature. However, the quality of nanofiber depends on the extraction procedure and
feedstock used for their extraction. Furthermore, the extracted nanofiber from lignocellulosic biomass
is not compatible with liquid and polymeric matrices due to less amount of functional groups
present on their surface. Therefore, it is urged to comprehend the explicit protocol required for the
extraction of highly resourceful nanofibers from specific lignocellulosic biomass and surface tuning
strategy, which can augment their application in various fields. The present review targets to understand
the various polysaccharides, lignin and production of cellulose nanofibers in an economical &
efficient way with special attention on its implementation in environmental applications to mitigate
the toxic pollutants from our surroundings.

Methods:
Research articles related to the cellulose types, feedstocks, physico-chemical features, various
extraction and conversion techniques, functionalization methods, and applications on mitigating
environmental pollution were collected and reviewed. This review article comprises sections which
present various cellulose and nanocellulose types, feedstocks, followed by their extraction, characterization
and applications in mitigation of environmental issues such as heavy metal contaminations.

Results:
Studies highlighted in the article detailed types of extraction protocols, so far developed and
strategies applied to improve the salient properties of nanofibers for specific applications are enlightened.

Conclusion:
The functionalized or modified cellulose and nanocellulose have gained significant attention
attributed to their unique characteristics, physico-chemical characteristics and efficiency in
recovery of environmental pollutants. Thus, further exploitation of such natural resources in mitigation
of various environmental issues and other related applications are to be maximized.
MiR-143 Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis by Targeting RANK and NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways
Authors: He Xianfeng , Zhu Limei , An Lin , Zhang Jingwei 
Published: January 2020

Objective:To explore the effect of miRNA-143 on osteoclast formation and provide new ideas for the treatment of osteoporosis.Methods:Mice macrophage lines RAW264.7 cells after transfection were divided into four groups: control group, RANKL group, RANKL combined with miR-143 mimics group and RANKL combined with miR-NC group. TARCP staining was used to observe the effect of miR-143 on osteoclast formation. The expression of RANK, TRAF6 and NFATc-1 in the upstream of RANKL pathway was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (RT qPCR) and Western blotting (WB). The binding of miR-143 to TNFRSF11A was detected by double Luciferase Reporter Analysis. The effect of miR-143 on the expression of NF-κB (p65, I-κB-α) signal pathway in osteoclasts was detected. The effects of I-BET151 on the expression of osteoclast-specific genes TRACP, MMP 9, CtsK and c-Src were detected.Results:The positive level of osteoclasts in RANKL group and RANKL combined with miR-NC group was significantly higher than that of RANKL combined with miR-143 mimics group and control group (P < 0.05). The expression levels of RANK, TRAF6, NFATc-1, TRACP, MMP-9, CtsK and c-Src in RANKL group and RANKL combined with miR-NC group were significantly higher than those of RANKL combined with miR-143 mimics group and control group (P < 0.05). The expression levels of I-κB-α were significantly lower than that of RANKL combined with miR-143 mimics group and control group (P<0.05).Conclusion:MiR-143 can inhibit the expression of RANK, TRAF6 and downstream NFATc-1 in the RANKL pathway, thereby inhibiting the RANK/RANKL pathway. MiR-143 can inhibit the signal pathway of NF-κB (p65, I-κB-α). MiR-143 inhibits the expression of osteoclast-specific genes TRACP, MMP 9, CtsK and c-Src. That is to say, miR-143 inhibits osteoclast formation by targeting RANK, NF- κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
Daclatasvir and Sofosbuvir Mitigate Hepatic Fibrosis Through Downregulation of TNF-α / NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zakaria Sherin , El-Sisi Alaa E. 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Hepatic fibrosis is the major issue in chronic liver diseases such as chronic
hepatitis C virus (HCV). The newly approved direct acting antiviral (DAA) agents such as Sofosbuvir
(SOF) and daclatasvir (DAC) have been found to be associated with decreased fibrotic markers in
HCV patients.

Aim:
This study tried to explore whether the reported antifibrotic effect of these drugs is antiviral dependent
or drug induced.

Method:
Hepatic fibrosis was induced by (0.5ml/kg) CCl4 IP twice a week for six weeks. SOF (20
mg/kg/d) and DAC (30 mg/kg/d) were added in the last four weeks of treatments. Liver functions,
fibrotic markers such as Hyaluronic acid and metalloproteinase-9 were detected using immunoassay.
The expression of TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway as well as Bcl-2 were done using immunoassay.

Results:
SOF and DAC exerted a potent antifibrotic effect evidenced by their activity against
hyaluronic acid HA and metalloproteinase MMP-9 significantly (P≤0.001). This effect was further
proved histopathologically where liver tissues from rats treated by drugs showed marked inhibition of
collagen precipitation as well as inhibition of HSCs activation. This antifibrotic action was associated
with decreased expression of TNF-α /NF-κB signaling pathway and induction of Bcl-2.

Conclusion:
SOF/ DAC antifibrotic effect is independent of its antiviral activity. The molecular events
associated with this effect were the downregulation of TNF-α / NF-κB signaling pathway and induction
of Bcl-2.
Synthesis and Characterization of Chemical Structures, Thermal Decomposition and Biological Properties of Novel Copper (II) Bio- Based Surfactants
Authors: Meena Asha , Sharma Rashmi , Sukhadia Vandana 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Thermal degradation has attracted the attention of scientific
community throughout the world due to its multiple applications in environment, energy,
waste water treatment, pollution control, green chemistry, etc.

Objective:
The present work deals with the study of synthesis and characterization of
thermal and biological properties of novel copper complex.

Methods:
Chemical structures of copper (II) sesame 2-amino-6-ethoxy benzothiazole
complex were confirmed by IR, NMR, and ESR techniques. Thermal and biological properties
were analysed by Thermogravimetry (TGA) and antimicrobial activity determination
against Staphylococcus aureus.

Results:
The TGA study reveals that copper (II) sesame 2-amino-6-ethoxy benzothiazole
complex undergoes stepwise thermal degradation of ligand-soap bond of complex and unsaturated
and saturated fatty acid components of edible oils. The complex exhibit significant
antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus.

Conclusion:
This study provides relevant basic information on the thermal and antimicrobial
properties of new copper (II) bio-based surfactants, as well as an explicit relationship
structure-biological activity for their potential use as safe and green chemicals.
Design on the Inner Wall Crawling and Inspecting Robot for Offshore Platform Leg
Authors: Zhang Shihai , Li Zhuo , Wang Yanshuang , Zhang Zimiao 
Published: January 2020

Background:
The legs are important base mechanism and have a key effect on the stability
and security of movable offshore platform. In the application field, the work of defects detection is
operated in a manual way for offshore platform leg. The main disadvantages of manual inspection can
be summarized as follows: high detection cost and risk, low detection coverage and efficiency, etc.

Objective:
To develop a robot with an inspecting system that can crawl on the inner wall surface of the
offshore platform leg, and inspect the surface defects through the inspecting system.

Methods:
Based on our patented technologies and the application requirements, the telescopic mechanisms,
constituted by motor-screw-nut mechanism, are applied to design the body and legs mechanism
of the robot. The vacuum sucker groups are applied to design the adsorption mechanism of the robot.
The PLC is applied to design the measurement and movement control system. The laser ranging sensors
are applied to realize the function of obstacle detection, robot location and pose analysis. The camera
and its driving system are applied to design the image acquisition system. The wireless bridge is
applied to design the message remote transmission system.

Results:
Based on the structure characteristic and the defect inspecting requirement of offshore platform
leg, the wall crawling robot and its inspecting system are designed in this study.

Conclusion:
A series of experiments show that the robot and its inspecting system meet the demand of
field applications.
Thermal Effect in the Microwave-assisted Aminolysis of Benzoates and Amines
Authors: Yang Dongqiang , Xu Jiaxi 
Published: January 2020

Background:
Microwave selective heating thermal effect is obvious in unimolecular organic
reactions. However, it is unclear whether it exists in bimolecular organic reactions under strictly
controlled reaction temperature conditions.

Objective:
To determine whether microwave selective heating effect exists in the microwave-assisted
bimolecular reactions.

Methods:
Hammett linear relationships in “one-pot” aminolyses of mixed 4-nitrophenyl substituted
benzoates with benzylamine and 4-nitrophenyl benzoate with mixed substituted anilines were selected
as molecular level probes to explore the thermal effect in the microwave-assisted bimolecular reactions.

Results:
In less polar solvent, there is an obvious “hot spots” effect. “One-pot” aminolyses of mixed
4-nitrophenyl substituted benzoates with benzylamine and 4-nitrophenyl benzoate with mixed substituted
anilines were performed in less polar solvent toluene under oil-bath and microwave heating conditions.
Generally, slopes of Hammett plots or effect of substituents on reaction rates decrease along
with temperature increases under oil-bath heating conditions. Under microwave irradiation conditions,
slopes of Hammett plots or effect of substituents on reaction rates decrease in comparison with those
under oil-bath heating conditions at the same setting temperature, revealing that higher temperature
regions (“hot spots”) still exist in intermolecular organic reactions.

Conclusion:
Microwave selective heating thermal effect still exists in bimolecular organic reactions
under strictly controlled reaction temperature conditions, revealing that higher temperature regions
(“hot spots”) do exist in intermolecular organic reactions.
Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Behaviour Studies of Terpolymer Resin Derived from 8-Hydroxyquinoline-5-Sulphonic Acid and Anthranilic Acid
Authors: Gurnule Wasudeo B. , Rathod Yashpal U. 
Published: January 2020

Background:Terpolymer have versatile applications in adhesives, electroluminescent devices, packaging, coating materials, ion exchanger and hardener for epoxy resin.Objective:In the present investigation, our main aim was to synthesize terpolymer using 8- hydroxyquinoline-5-sulphonic acid, anthranilic acid and formaldehyde (8-HQ-5-SAAF) via the polycondensation method and to evaluate thermal properties of terpolymer.Materials and Methods:8-Hydroxyquinoline-5-sulphonic acid, anthranilic acid and formaldehyde were used for synthesis. Terpolymer was obtained by employing the polycondensation method.Results:TGA analysis shows that the synthesized terpolymer resin was thermally stable. The activation energy calculated by Freeman-Carroll and Sharp-Wentworth methods has been found to be in good agreement with each other. The low value of frequency factor and negative entropy value indicate that the thermal decomposition would be a slow reaction.Conclusion:The thermal energy of activation calculated by using Sharp-Wentworth and Freeman- Carroll methods has been found to be nearly identical. The terpolymer 8-HQ-5-SAAF starts degradation at high temperature, showing that this polymer resin is thermally stable.
Konsumsi Suplemen Asam Folat oleh Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Naras Tahun 2017
Authors: Nisa Setia , Handayani Tuti 
Published: January 2020

<p><em>Folic acid (vitamin B9) is a much-needed vitamin during pregnancy. The thing that can be done to fulfill this requirement is to provide folic acid supplements. Consumption of folic acid supplements by pregnant women is influenced by knowledge and attitude factors. This study aims to determine the relationship of Knowledge and Attitudes of Pregnant Women to Consumption of Folic Acid Supplements at Puskesmas Naras. The research type is Quantitative with analytic method and use cross sectional design. Sampling using Total Sampling technique. Univariate analysis showed 56.9% of pregnant women with low knowledge of folic acid supplements, 60.3% pregnant had a negative attitude. There was statistically significant correlation between pregnant mother's knowledge on consumption of folic acid supplements at Puskesmas Naras, chi square test showed p value = 0,000. There was statistically significant correlation between attitude of pregnant mother to consumption of folic acid supplements at Naras, chi square test showed p value = 0,009.</em></p><p> </p><p>Asam folat (vitamin B9) merupakan vitamin yang sangat dibutuhkan pada masa kehamilan. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ini adalah dengan memberikan suplemen asam folat. Konsumsi suplemen asam folat oleh ibu hamil dipengaruhi oleh faktor pengetahuan dan sikap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu Hamil terhadap Konsumsi Suplemen Asam Folat di Puskesmas Naras. Jenis penelitian adalah <em>Kuantitatif</em> dengan metode <em>analitik</em><em> </em>dan menggunakan desain <em>cross sectional.</em> Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik <em>Total Sampli</em><em>n</em><em>g</em><em>.</em><strong> </strong>Analisa univariat menunjukkan 56,9% ibu hamil dengan pengetahuan rendah terhadap suplemen asam folat, 60,3% hamil memiliki sikap negatif. Terdapat hubungan bermakna secara statistik antara pengetahuan ibu hamil terhadap konsumsi suplemen asam folat di Puskesmas Naras, uji <em>chi square</em> menunjukkan hasil p value =<em> </em>0,000. Terdapat hubungan bermakna secara statistik antara sikap ibu hamil terhadap konsumsi suplemen asam folat di Puskesmas Naras, uji <em>chi square</em> menunjukkan hasil p value =<em> </em>0,009.<strong></strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p> </p>
Ankle Brachial Indeks (ABI), Kadar Glukosa Darah dan Nutrisi Pada Ulkus Diabetikum
Authors: Silaban Riwanti , Lestari Pina , Daryeti May , Merdekawati Diah 
Published: January 2020

<p><em>The increasing number of people with diabetes mellitus each year, the client has also experienced one of the complications, namely ulcers. During this time, the concern of nurses at Raden Mattaher Jambi Hospital is only an ulcer on the client, but no intervention has been made to determine the factors causing the duration of the client's ulcer resolved. The kind of is a cross-sectional. The sample in this study was 27 respondents who had criteria by what was to be studied. The sampling technique is done by accidental sampling that is taking samples by taking cases or respondents who happen to be available or available. Analysis of the data in this study was Univariate and Bivariate. It was held on April 29th until June 29th 2019 with uses observation sheets and questionnaires as aids in data collection. Statistical test results obtained p-value &lt;0.05, meaning that there is a relationship between ABI values, blood glucose levels and nutrients with the area of diabetic ulcer. It can be concluded that the ABI value, blood glucose level and nutrition affect the area of diabetic ulcer. It is expected that Raden Mattaher Jambi Hospital can make ABI examination a Standard Operational Procedure and control blood glucose and nutrition levels as a factor in accelerating wound healing.</em></p><p> </p><p><em>Semakin meningkatnya angka penderita diabetes mellitus tiap tahunnya, maka semakin meningkat pula klien mengalami salah satu komplikasinya yaitu ulkus. Selama ini, yang menjadi perhatian perawat di RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi hanya ulkus pada klien, namun belum ada intervensi yang dilakukan guna mengetahui faktor penyebab lamanya ulkus klien teratasi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian cros sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini 27 responden yang memiliki kriteria sesuai dengan yang akan diteliti. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara accidental sampling yaitu pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan mengambil kasus atau responden yang kebetulan ada atau tersedia. Analisa data dalam penelitian ini secarra Univariat dan Bivariat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari 29 April-29 Juni 2019 dengan menggunakan lembar observasi dan kuesioner sebagai alat bantu dalam pengumpulan data. Hasil uji statistik diperoleh nilai p-value &lt; 0,05, artinya ada hubungan antara nilai ABI, kadar glukosa darah dan nutrisi dengan luas ulkus diabetikum. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai ABI, kadar glukosa darah dan nutrisi mempengaruhi luas ulkus diabetikum. Diharapkan kepada pihak RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi dapat menjadikan pemeriksaan ABI sebagai Standar Prosedur Operasional dan melakukan pengontrolan kadar glukosa darah serta nutrisi sebagai faktor mempercepat penyembuhan luka.</em></p>
Polyphenol Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic and Aqueous Algerian Propolis Extracts (Region of Serdj el ghoul)
Authors: Soltani El-Khamsa , Mokhnache Kamel , Charef Noureddine 
Published: January 2020

Aqueous and ethanolic extracts (EAP and EEP) of propolis sample collected from Serdj El Ghoul, region of Sétif (east of Algeria), were prepared and evaluated to identify their biological activities. Total phenolic contents were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and found to be 164,690 ± 0,044 (EAP), 155,078 ± 0,176 mg cafeic acid equivalent/ g of propolis. Flavonoids were evaluated by AlCl3 method and shown to be 9,839± 0,006 (EAP), 55,758 ± 0,128 (EEP) mg quercetin equivalent/ g of propolis. The free radical scavenging potential of the extracts was determined by the DPPH method, the IC50 are estimated at 0.0865 (BHT), 0.0223 (EAP), 0.0194 (EEP) mg/mL. We can conclude that propolis contains molecules that are considered first class of antioxidants and can be used for therapeutic applications, knowing that antioxidants contribute very effectively to disease prevention such as cancer, and cardiovascular disease.
Keywords: Propolis, aqueous extract, ethanolic extract, Antioxidant
Qualitative Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Studies and In-Vitro Anti-Oxidative Properties of Aqeuous Leaf Extract of Gnetum africanum
Authors: Ezekwe A.S. , Ugwuezumba P.C. , Nwankpa P. , Egwurugwu J.N. , Ekweogu C.N. , Emengaha F.C. , Akukwu D. 
Published: January 2020

This study aimed at carrying out a qualitative phytochemical screening, GC-MS studies and in-vitro antioxidant properties of aqueous leaf extract of Gnetum africanum. The qualitative phytochemical screening of the aqueous leaf extract of Gnetum africanum was done using standard procedures and revealed the presence of terpenoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, alkaloids, cardiac glucosides and phenols. The GC-MS screening revealed the presence of 14 compounds, 6 out of the 14 compounds were most prominent. The compound with the highest percentage peak area was caffeine with peak area of 96.9%, followed by n-Hexadacanotic acid with peak area of 60.9%, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol with peak area of 55.9%, tetradacanoic acid with peak area of 50.3%, cyclopentaneundecanoic acid with peak area of 47.8% and 2-cyclo-penten-1-2-hydroxy with peak area of 43.6% respectively. In-vitro determination of antioxidant property of leaf extract of Gnetum africanum was done photometrically using 2,2-dyhenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The DPPH scavenging ability of the leaf extract (43.2, 60.5, 68.8, and 75.7) was statistically significant at p<0.05 when compared with the standard drug ascorbic acid (81.1, 82.6, 85.1, and 90.4) % at 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/l. In conclusion, the leaf extract of Gnetum africanum is loaded with a host of important phytochemicals and has antioxidant properties which increase in potency with increase dose.
Keywords: Phytochemical Screening, GCMS Studies, Anti-Oxidant, Gnetum africanum