bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ramipril blunts glycerol-induced acute renal failure in rats through its antiapoptosis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and renin-inhibiting properties
Authors: Adedapo Adeolu Alex , Osaretin Ehizogie Ruth , Falayi Olufunke Olubunmi , Oyagbemi Ademola Adetokunbo , Ogunpolu Blessing Seun , Omobowale Temidayo Olutayo , Oguntibeju Oluwafemi Omoniyi , Yakubu Momoh Audu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a malady with a sudden onset resulting in buildup of waste matters in the body, but a specific cure hasn’t been found as a lasting solution to AKI. In this study, ramipril was evaluated for its potential therapy in glycerol-induced AKI in rats.

Methods
Twenty animals were divided into four groups of five animals each. Group I was the control while group II was given glycerol on day 8 only, groups III and IV were administered with pioglitazone (reference drug) and ramipril for seven days respectively and on day 8 received glycerol. On the ninth day, blood and tissue samples were taken to assay for serum indicators of oxidative damage, enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, and creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Animals were sacrificed thereafter; kidney was harvested for histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Expressions of caspase 3, renin receptor, NK-KB, and KIM-1 were carried out.

Results
Ramipril significantly inhibited indicators of oxidative damage while also significantly increasing levels of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant markers. These drugs also significantly lowered the levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen. Histology also indicated that while there were massive infiltration of leucocytes and congestion of the kidney in toxicant group, the ramipril-treated group showed a milder condition. In immunohistochemistry, the two drugs significantly inhibited the expressions of the four proteins, which were highly expressed in the toxicant group.

Conclusions
The study showed that ramipril and pioglitazone have nephroprotective effect and thus have the ability to blunt AKI through their anti-inflammatory, antiapoptosis, antirenin, and antioxidant properties.
Quotient-transitivity and cyclic subgroup-transitivity
Authors: Goldsmith Brendan , Gong Ketao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We introduce two new notions of transitivity for Abelian p-groups based on isomorphism of quotients rather than the classical use of equality of height sequences associated with Abelian p-group theory.
Unlike the classical theory where “most” groups are transitive, these new notions lead to much smaller classes, but even these classes are sufficiently large to be interesting.
The subnormal structure of classical-like groups over commutative rings
Authors: Preusser Raimund 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Let 𝑛 be an integer greater than or equal to 3, and let

(
R
,
Δ
)

(R,\Delta)

be a Hermitian form ring, where 𝑅 is commutative.
We prove that if 𝐻 is a subgroup of the odd-dimensional unitary group

U

2
⁢
n

+
1

⁡

(
R
,
Δ
)

\operatorname{U}_{2n+1}(R,\Delta)

normalised by a relative elementary subgroup

EU

2
⁢
n

+
1

⁡

(

(
R
,
Δ
)

,

(
I
,
Ω
)

)

\operatorname{EU}_{2n+1}((R,\Delta),(I,\Omega))

, then there is an odd form ideal

(
J
,
Σ
)

(J,\Sigma)

such that

EU

2
⁢
n

+
1

⁡

(

(
R
,
Δ
)

,

(

J
⁢

I
k

,

Ω
min

J
⁢

I
k

∔

Σ
∘

I
k

)

)

≤
H
≤

CU

2
⁢
n

+
1

⁡

(

(
R
,
Δ
)

,

(
J
,
Σ
)

)

,

\operatorname{EU}_{2n+1}((R,\Delta),(JI^{k},\Omega_{\mathrm{min}}^{JI^{k}}\dotplus\Sigma\circ I^{k}))\leq H\leq\operatorname{CU}_{2n+1}((R,\Delta),(J,\Sigma)),

where

k
=
12

k=12

if

n
=
3

n=3

respectively

k
=
10

k=10

if

n
≥
4

n\geq 4

.
As a consequence of this result, we obtain a sandwich theorem for subnormal subgroups of odd-dimensional unitary groups.
Media, Disaster Response, Ebola: What Local Government Needs to Understand About Media Influence of Response Operations When the Improbable Becomes Reality
Authors: Don Williams Brian , Nelson James P. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Research has shown that mass media can influence response operations by influencing the way that information is disseminated to the public before, during, and after disaster. After the 2014 Ebola event, the International Association of Emergency Managers (IAEM) conducted an After Action Review that proposes the need for government to ensure that the media does not control the narrative of response. The goal of this study is to understand if and how the media did attempt to control the narrative of response. To achieve this goal, we conduct a content analysis of three major newspapers, from July 26, 2014 to November 1, 2014, that focuses on Adaptive Governance in response to Ebola’s debut in the United States shortly after September 20, 2014. The results indicate that articles are more likely to focus on federal agencies and response efforts that follow established federal guidelines. However, the mention of local government, the boots on the ground first responders, is not significant to the mention of Adaptive Governance. This suggests that print media is controlling the narrative of the response and local government needs to provide the print media more access to emergency management professionals for more effective dissemination of effective local response.
Mathematical modelling of plasmonic strain sensors
Authors: Ammari Habib , Millien Pierre , Vanel Alice L. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
We provide a mathematical analysis for a metasurface constructed of plasmonic nanoparticles mounted periodically on the surface of a microcapsule. We derive an effective transmission condition, which exhibits resonances depending on the inter-particle distance. When the microcapsule is deformed, the resonances are shifted.
We fully characterize the dependence of these resonances on the deformation of the microcapsule, enabling the detection of strains at the microscale level.
We present numerical simulations to validate our results.
On local and global structures of transmission eigenfunctions and beyond
Authors: Liu Hongyu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The (interior) transmission eigenvalue problems are a type of non-elliptic, non-selfadjoint and nonlinear spectral problems that arise in the theory of wave scattering. They connect to the direct and inverse scattering problems in many aspects in a delicate way. The properties of the transmission eigenvalues have been extensively and intensively studied over the years, whereas the intrinsic properties of the transmission eigenfunctions are much less studied. Recently, in a series of papers, several intriguing local and global geometric structures of the transmission eigenfunctions are discovered. Moreover, those longly unveiled geometric properties produce some interesting applications of both theoretical and practical importance to direct and inverse scattering problems. This paper reviews those developments in the literature by summarizing the results obtained so far and discussing the rationales behind them. There are some side results of this paper including the general formulations of several types of transmission eigenvalue problems, some interesting observations on the connection between the transmission eigenvalue problems and several challenging inverse scattering problems, and several conjectures on the spectral properties of transmission eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, with most of them are new to the literature.
Effects of PETTLEP imagery technique on precision skills: a study on drag flick in Pakistan hockey
Authors: Hashmi Shamsa , Akhtar Tanveer , Hashmi Maniha 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Present study was aimed at investigating the role of Physical, Environmental, Task, Timing, Learning, Emotion and Perspective (PETTLEP) Imagery technique in the improvement of skill precision level of hockey drag flickers. For this purpose, both male (83) and female (38) hockey drag flickers (n=121) of age ranged between 17 and 27 years were selected from different hockey teams belonging to clubs, colleges, universities, departments, regional and national academies of Pakistan. Participants were made to undergo a Pretest-Intervention-Posttest research design consisted of 20 drag flicks and filling of SIAQ questionnaire. Drag Flick Precision Measurement Test (DFPMT) along with Sports Imagery Ability Questionnaire (SIAQ) were used to measure their skill precision levels and their imagery ability. The participants were classified into three categories as per their skill precision levels (Point-based), ranging from 48 Novice (upto12 points), 42 Intermediate (13–18 points) and 31 Elite (19 points and above), and were randomly assigned to one of four intervention groups; Physical Practice (PP), PETTLEP Imagery Practice (IP), Physical Practice+PETTLEP Imagery Practice Combination (CP), and No Practice (NP) Control group. Each group performed their respective tasks for 10 weeks through specially designed physical training programs aided by Imagery scripts. Paired sample t test analysis showed that all groups improved significantly (p<0.05) from pre- to post-test, and the CP group improved more with average improvement value of 8.32 for DFPMT and 5.39 for SIAQ (p<0.05) than the IP, PP and NP groups. However, there was no significant difference found between the PP (Sig. 0.73) and NP (Sig. 0.44) groups in SIAQ. Result extend prior research findings and suggests that PETTLEP Imagery practice used in combination with Physical practice has substantial impact on improving performance of complex motor skills, Present findings showed that PETTLEP imagery model was found to improve player’s precision skill levels, especially when it was combined with physical practice. However, further studies in this connection are needed.
Examining the effectiveness of an imagery intervention in enhancing athletes’ eudaimonic well-being
Authors: Kouali Despina , Hall Craig , Deck Sarah 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of an imagery intervention on eudaimonic well-being (EWB) of soccer players using a single-subject multiple baseline design.

Methods
Five female varsity level soccer players (M

age
=19.80, SD=1.64) participated in the study. Each athlete engaged in eight individual imagery sessions (i.e., intervention phase) aimed at increasing EWB.

Results
Visual and statistical analyses demonstrated a small increase on EWB for two participants. However, post-intervention interviews revealed that all the players believed the intervention was beneficial and had a positive impact on their EWB.

Conclusions
The utility of employing imagery interventions for enhancing athletes’ EWB in various contexts within and outside sport was highlighted.
A novel proposal based on 2D linear resonant cavity photonic crystals for all-optical NOT, XOR and XNOR logic gates
Authors: Elhachemi Kouddad , Rafah Naoum 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we are going to propose a novel structure of all-optical NOT, XOR and XNOR logic gates are presented using a two-dimensional photonic crystal (2D-PhC). This structure is optimized by varying the radius of the cavity, to obtain a quality factor Q = 1192, and also has several ports of entry and one port of output. The size of each structure is equal to 85.8 μm2. The contrast ratios for the structures proposed all-optical NOT, XOR and XNOR logic gates between levels “0” and “1” are, respectively, 25.08, 25.03, and 14.47 dB. The response time for the three logical gates is 8.33 ps, and the bit rate is calculated at about 0.12 Tbit/s, all simulations are based on both numerical methods such as finite difference time domain (FDTD) and plane wave expansion (PWE). Designed logic gates are characterized by low power consumption, compactness and easy integration.
Physical layer analysis of optical wireless data centers
Authors: Dixit Anand Kumar , Srivastava Meenakshi , Srivastava Rajiv 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
As the time progresses, the demand for bandwidth increases due to the evolution of new technologies supporting video on demand, music, etc., the traditional data centers heavily rely on electronics and thus dissipated a large amount of heat. To reduce both cabling and heat dissipated, fiber optic communication was supposed to be the next technology to replace current electronic systems, but unfortunately, fiber optic technology is not matured enough to be implemented. Therefore, as an alternative optical wireless communication (OWC) can be used, where advantages of optical components are availed and transmission media is free space, thus reducing cabling. This paper aims to present the modeling of wireless optical data center networks and evaluate bit error rate (BER) performance at the physical layer. To the best of our knowledge, this analysis is presented first time in case of OWC-based data centers.
Evolution of Hashimoto thyroiditis in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM)
Authors: Karachaliou Feneli , Skarakis Nikitas , Bountouvi Evangelia , Spyropoulou Theodora , Tsintzou Eleni , Simatou Aristofania , Papaevangelou Vassiliki 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Treatment of children with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and particularly of those with coexistent diabetes mellitus type 1 (TIDM) and normal/mildly elevated serum TSH is controversial. The aim of the study was to evaluate the natural course of HT in children with TIDM compared with children with no other coexistent autoimmunity and investigate for possible predictive factors of thyroid function deterioration.

Methods
Data from 96 children with HT, 32 with T1DM (23 girls, nine boys) mean (sd) age: 10.6 (2.3) years, and 64 age and sex-matched without T1DΜ (46 girls, 18 boys), mean (sd) age: 10.2 (2.9) years were evaluated retrospectively. They all had fT4 and TSH values within normal ranges and available data for at least three years’ follow-up.

Results
During the follow-up period, 11 children (34.4%) with TIDM exhibited subclinical hypothyroidism and two children (6.2%) progressed to overt hypothyroidism compared to 12 (18.8%) and two (3.1%) among children without TIDM, respectively. Among children with HT, a higher percentage (40.6%) of children with T1DM progressed to subclinical or overt hypothyroidism, compared with children (21.9%) with similar characteristics but without TIDM or other coexistent autoimmunity.

Conclusions
The annual conversion rate from euthyroidism to hypothyroidism in children with T1DM was significantly higher compared to sex and age-matched children without TIDM. Prospective randomized trials are needed to support the view of an earlier intervention therapy even in milder degrees of thyroid failure in these children.
Delayed phenylketonuria diagnosis: a challenging case in child psychiatry
Authors: Serdari Aspasia E. , Zompola Christina , Evangeliou Athanasios 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency is an autosomal recessive inborn error of phenylalanine metabolism.

What is new?
Εven in cases with negative newborn screening for inborn errors of metabolism, the possibility of a metabolic disorder including PKU should be considered in any child presenting symptoms of developmental disorders. Late diagnosed PKU patients require a more specialized and individualized management than if they were early treatment cases.

Case presentation
We discuss a case of a child with typical autistic symptomatology, in whom years later a diagnosis of phenylketonuria was set, even neonatal screening was negative. Τhe patient was placed on a phenylalanine-restricted diet. After a period of clinical improvement, severe behavioral problems with aggressiveness and anxiety were presented. Less restrictive diet ameliorated the symptomatology.

Conclusion
This case highlights the major medical importance of adequate newborn screening policy, in order to avoid missed diagnosed cases. PKU may be presented as autism spectrum disorder. Dietary management needs individualized attentive monitoring.
Familial neonatal nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism due to a gain-of-function (D619G) thyrotropin-receptor mutation
Authors: Taha Doris , Adhikari Amita , Flore Leigh Anne 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Activating germline mutations of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) are responsible for a rare form of neonatal nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism (NAH). We report the first case of familial neonatal neonatal nonautoimmune associated with c.1856A>G (p.Asp619Gly) variant in the TSHR gene.

Case presentation
We describe an eight-year-old African-American female presenting with neonatal NAH associated with an inherited heterozygous c.1856A>G (p.Asp619Gly) variant in the TSHR gene. This variant was previously described in one patient presenting with sporadic NAH in adolescence. Our patient was diagnosed with hyperthyroidism in the neonatal period. The mother had a history of hyperthyroidism and had thyroidectomy at the age of 4 years. The patient had goiter and elevated free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels that normalized with methimazole treatment; however, TSH level remained suppressed. Thyroid antibodies were negative. The patient also had bilateral exotropia, a trait shared by the mother and may represent a new association.

Conclusions
Familial neonatal NAH is associated with heterozygous c.1856A>G (p.Asp619Gly) variant of the TSHR gene.
Differentiating syndrome of inappropriate ADH, reset osmostat, cerebral/renal salt wasting using fractional urate excretion
Authors: Assadi Farahnak , Mazaheri Mojgan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Clinical and laboratory data of reset osmostat (RO) and cerebral/renal salt wasting (C/RSW) mimic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and can pose diagnostic challenges because of significant overlapping between clinical and laboratory findings. Failure to correctly diagnose hyponatremia may result in increased mortality risk, longer hospital stay, and is cost-effective. We aim to illustrate clinical and laboratory similarities and difference among patients with hyponatremic disorders and discuss the diagnostic value of factional uprate excretion (FEurate) to differentiate SIADH from RO and C/RSW.

Case presentations
We report the use of FEurate in the evaluation of three patients with hyponatremia and elevated urine osmolality in the absence of edema or clinical evidence of dehydration to differentiate SIADH from RO and C/RSW.

Conclusions
Measurement of FEurate may offset in part the diagnostic confusion imparted by the diagnoses of SIADH, RO, and C/RSW.
Quality improvement for reducing utilization drift in hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy management
Authors: Carlton Katherine , Cabacungan Erwin , Adams Samuel J. , Cohen Susan S. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Objectives
Therapeutic hypothermia is an effective neuroprotective intervention for infants with moderate or severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). With the introduction of new medical therapy comes a learning curve with regards to its proper implementation and understanding of eligibility guidelines. We hypothesized that variation in patient selection and lack of adherence to established protocols contributed to the utilization drift away from the original eligibility guidelines.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted including infants who received therapeutic hypothermia in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for HIE to determine utilization drift. We then used QI methodology to address gaps in medical documentation that may lead to the conclusion that therapeutic hypothermia was inappropriately applied.

Results
We identified 54% of infants who received therapeutic hypothermia who did not meet the clinical, physiologic, and neurologic examination criteria for this intervention based on provider admission and discharge documentation within the electronic medical record (EMR). Review of the charts identified incomplete documentation in 71% of cases and led to the following interventions: 1) implementation of EMR smartphrases; 2) engagement of key stakeholders and education of faculty, residents, and neonatal nurse practitioners; and 3) performance measurement and sharing of data. We were able to improve both adherence to the therapeutic hypothermia guidelines and achieve 100% documentation of the modified Sarnat score.

Conclusions
Incomplete documentation can lead to the assumption that therapeutic hypothermia was inappropriately applied when reviewing a patient’s EMR. However, in actual clinical practice physicians follow the clinical guidelines but are not documenting their medical decision making completely. QI methodology addresses this gap in documentation, which will help determine the true utilization drift of therapeutic hypothermia in future studies.
Postnominal relative clauses in Chinese
Authors: Wang Fang , Wu Fuyun 
Published: November 2020

AbstractIn contrast to well-studied prenominal relative clauses (RCs) in Chinese, little has been known about postnominal RCs that are non-canonical but existent in spoken Chinese. Focusing on Standard Mandarin, this paper examines in a large-scale spoken corpus the distributional patterns of postnominal RCs. Using distribution patterns of prenominal RCs in existing corpus studies as benchmarks, we show that postnominal RCs in our spoken corpus of Standard Mandarin tend to modify sentential objects more frequently than sentential subjects, and that they are likely to be short, with extremely rare presence of aspect markers. Based on these patterns, we propose that postnominal RCs in Standard Mandarin are mostly afterthoughts, motivated by information structure of spoken languages and word order principles. To better understand their general coverage, we further investigate postnominal RCs in Chinese dialects using available resources, including Yue, Min, Xiang, and Wu, followed by a raw comparison of cross-dialectal similarities and differences. We conclude that postnominal RCs in Chinese are similarly motivated, but their degrees of grammaticalization vary.
Outlining a grammaticalization path for the Spanish formulaen plan (de): A contribution to crosslinguistic pragmatics
Authors: Rodríguez-Abruñeiras Paula 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article discusses the diachronic development of the Spanish multifunctional formulaen plan(with its varianten plan de, literally ‘in plan (of)’ but usually equivalent to Englishlike). The article has two main aims: firstly, to describe the changes that the formula has undergone since its earliest occurrences as a marker in the nineteenth century up to the early 21st century. The diachronic study evinces a process of grammaticalization in three steps: from noun to clause adverbial and then to discourse marker. Secondly, to conduct a contrastive analysis betweenen plan (de)and the English markerslikeandkind of/kindaso as to shed new light on the potential existence of a universal pathway of grammaticalization in the emergence of discourse markers.
Dynamic equation on time scale with almost periodic coefficients
Authors: Abbas Syed 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In this paper, we discuss a nonautonomous dynamical equation on time scale in a Banach space. The nonautonomous case is particularly important and needs to be studied because it is frequently met in the mathematical models of evolutionary processes. We give sufficient condition for equation to have an exponentially stable almost periodic solution in terms of the accretiveness of an operator. At the end, examples are given to illustrate the analytical findings.