bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective Targeting of Lymphoma Cells by Monoclonal Antibody Grafted onto Zwitterionic‐Functionalized Nanoparticles
Authors: de Oliveira Jessica Fernanda Affonso , da Silva Raquel Frenedoso , Ribeiro Iris Renata Sousa , Saito Ângela , Melo‐Hanchuk Talita Diniz , Dias Marília Meira , Kobarg Jörg , Cardoso Mateus Borba 
Published: February 2020

AbstractNanomedicine is considered a promising alternative to improve cancer diagnosis and treatment. Particularly, the use of nanoparticles (NPs) has enabled the encapsulation of highly toxic anticancer drugs, facilitated ultimate targeting, and allowed tailoring of drug delivery. However, when in biological fluids, these NPs are coated by proteins which hide the targeting moieties and suppress the engineered biological outcome. Herein, how the Ki‐1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) can preserve its targetability through grafting on the surface of zwitterionic‐functionalized nanoparticles, is unveiled. Zwitterions, known for their stealth ability, are used to minimize unspecific NPs protein adsorption and consequently maintain mAb functionality. In this work, Ki‐1 mAb is used as it recognizes TNFRSF8 (CD30+) transmembrane protein overexpressed on CD30+ lymphoma cells such as L540 cells. While nonfunctionalized NPs show negligible toxic effects toward L540 cells, the Ki‐1‐functionalized structure demonstrates cytotoxicity, since they undergo cellular uptake, suggesting a receptor‐mediated internalization. This dual‐functionalization strategy provides a promising multifunctional nanoplatform toward future personalized medicine applications, minimizing unspecific protein adsorption on NPs and ensuring selective cancer cell targeting.
Bournemouth questionnaire Arabic version: Cross‐cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability for patients with low back pain
Authors: Elerian Ahmed Ebrahim , Abdel‐Aal Nabil Mahmoud , Abdelhay Mohamed Ibrahim 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo translate, culturally adapt, validate, and investigate the reliability of Arabic version of Bournemouth questionnaire (BQ) for patients with low back pain.MethodThirty experts (three panels) and 70 low back pain patients (37.5 ± 13.9 years) were involved in this study. Test–retest as well as internal consistency analyses were used to assess reliability. Intraclass correlation coefficient (95% confidence interval) was used to assess test–retest analysis, whereas Cronbach alpha value was calculated to assess the internal consistency. BQ Arabic version validity was evaluated in forms of face, content, internal, and external construct validity. Internal construct validity was evaluated with factor analysis, and external construct validity was tested by the correlation between the Arabic version of BQ and short‐form (36) health survey (SF‐36) questionnaire.ResultsFactor analysis revealed that BQ had a single factor. BQ has a very good correlation with SF‐36 questionnaire (r = .74). Arabic version of BQ has a high internal consistency reliability where Cronbach alpha value was 0.889 at baseline and 0.911 after 1 week. The test–retest analysis was between 0.87 and 0.96 and for the BQ total score was 0.95 (p < .0001) indicating that test–retest results are highly correlated.ConclusionThe Arabic version of BQ is a valid, reliable, and feasible scale for assessment of low back patients. It is short, easy‐to‐apply, need short time to complete and comprehensive scale. So it may be considered as a preferable scale for clinical assessment of Arabic speaking patients with low back pain.
From formulation to in vivo model: A comprehensive study of a synergistic relationship between vancomycin, carvacrol, and cuminaldehyde against Enterococcus faecium
Authors: Owen Lucy , Webb Joseph P. , Green Jeffrey , Smith Laura J. , Laird Katie 
Published: February 2020

AbstractVancomycin‐resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) has become endemic in healthcare settings, reducing treatment options for enterococcal infections. New antimicrobials for VRE infections are a high priority, but the development of novel antibiotics is time‐consuming and expensive. Essential oils (EOs) synergistically enhance the activity of some existing antibiotics, suggesting that EO–antibiotic combinations could resensitise resistant bacteria and maintain the antibiotic repertoire. The mechanism of resensitisation of bacteria to antibiotics by EOs is relatively understudied. Here, the synergistic interactions between carvacrol (1.98 mM) and cuminaldehyde (4.20 mM) were shown to reestablish susceptibility to vancomycin (0.031 mg/L) in VRE, resulting in bactericidal activity (4.73 log10 CFU/ml reduction). Gene expression profiling, coupled with β‐galactosidase leakage and salt tolerance assays, suggested that cell envelope damage contributes to the synergistic bactericidal effect against VRE. The EO–vancomycin combination was also shown to kill clinical isolates of VRE (2.33–5.25 log10 CFU/ml reduction), and stable resistance did not appear to develop even after multiple passages. The in vivo efficacy of the EO–vancomycin combination was tested in a Galleria mellonella larvae assay; however, no antimicrobial action was observed, indicating that further drug development is required for the EO–vancomycin combination to be clinically useful for treatment of VRE infections.
Simplified HPLC method for simultaneous determination of erythromycin and tretinoin in topical gel form
Authors: Mahmoudi Abdelghani , Boukhechem Mohamed Salah 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA simple, rapid and validated high‐performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of tretinoin and erythromycin in bulk and topical gel form. The analysis was achieved under isocratic mode with a specific reversed stationary phase and, using an eluent composed of acetonitrile/2‐methyl‐2‐propanol/hydrogen phosphate buffer of pH 7.0, delivered at a flow‐rate of 1.0 mL min−1, with UV detection at 215 nm. The procedure was validated for specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy and robustness. The calibration plots were linear over the concentration ranges of: 0.002–4.8 and 0.025–30 μg mL−1, with lower detection limits of 0.007 and 0.0008 μg mL−1 for erythromycin and tretinoin, respectively. The developed method was applied for the simultaneous quantitative determination of both drugs in their marketed alcoholic gel formulation. Results of the mean percentage recoveries were in the range of 99.5‐100.8%.
An experimental study on the effects of winglets on the tip vortex interaction in the near wake of a model wind turbine
Authors: Mühle Franz , Bartl Jan , Hansen Thomas , Adaramola Muyiwa Samuel , Sætran Lars 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAn experimental study of the near wake up to four rotor diameters behind a model wind turbine rotor with two different wing tip configurations is performed. A straight‐cut wing tip and a downstream‐facing winglet shape are compared on the same two‐bladed rotor operated at its design tip speed ratio. Phase‐averaged measurements of the velocity vector are synchronized with the rotor position, visualizing the downstream location of tip vortex interaction for the two blade tip configurations. The mean streamwise velocity is found not to be strongly affected by the presence of winglet tip extensions, suggesting an insignificant effect of winglets on the time‐averaged inflow conditions of a possible downstream wind turbine. An analysis of the phase‐averaged vorticity, however, reveals a significantly earlier tip vortex interaction and breakup for the wingletted rotor. In contradistinction, the tip vortices formed behind the reference configuration are assessed to be more stable and start merging into larger turbulent structures significantly further downstream. These results indicate that an optimized winglet design can not only contribute to a higher energy extraction in a rotor's tip region but also can positively affect the wake's mean kinetic energy recovery by stimulating a faster tip vortex interaction.
A Subnormal Completion Problem for Weighted Shifts on Directed Trees, II
Authors: Exner George R. , Jung Il Bong , Stochel Jan , Yun Hye Yeong 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe subnormal completion problem on a directed tree is to determine, given a collection of weights on a subtree, whether the weights may be completed to the weights of a subnormal weighted shift on the directed tree. We study this problem on a directed tree with a single branching point, $$\eta $$η branches and the trunk of length 1 and its subtree which is the “truncation” of the full tree to vertices of generation not exceeding 2. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions written in terms of two parameter sequences for the existence of a subnormal completion in which the resulting measures are 2-atomic. As a consequence, we obtain a solution of the subnormal completion problem for this pair of directed trees when $$\eta < \infty $$η<∞. If $$\eta =2$$η=2, we present a solution written explicitly in terms of initial data.
Der Tanz der kleinen Spirochäten
Authors: Kosenko O. , Polianski I. J. 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag untersucht antivenerische Theateraufführungen als Mittel zur Bekämpfung von Geschlechtskrankheiten in der frühen Sowjetunion. Er fragt danach, in welchen Bildern, Figuren und Handlungen das venerologische Wissen auf der Theaterbühne zur Darstellung kam, welche Genretraditionen und kommunikative Mittel benutzt wurden sowie wie das Publikum und die Theaterkritik das Bühnengeschehen aufnahm. Zu diesem Zweck werden Archivquellen, ausgewählte Texte antivenerischer Gerichtsspiele und Dramen sowie Berichte und Rezensionen in der Tagespresse ausgewertet.
A spatio-temporal deformation model for laser scanning point clouds
Authors: Harmening Corinna , Neuner Hans 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe establishment of the terrestrial laser scanner changed the analysis strategies in engineering geodesy from point-wise approaches to areal ones. During recent years, a multitude of developments regarding a laser scanner-based geometric state description were made. However, the areal deformation analysis still represents a challenge. In this paper, a spatio-temporal deformation model is developed, combining the estimation of B-spline surfaces with the stochastic modelling of deformations. The approach’s main idea is to model the acquired measuring object by means of three parts, similar to a least squares collocation: a deterministic trend, representing the undistorted object, a stochastic signal, describing a locally homogeneous deformation process, and the measuring noise, accounting for uncertainties caused by the measuring process. Due to the stochastic modelling of the deformations in the form of distance-depending variograms, the challenge of defining identical points within two measuring epochs is overcome. Based on the geodetic datum defined by the initial trend surface, a point-to-surface- and a point-to-point-comparison of the acquired data sets is possible, resulting in interpretable and meaningful deformation metrics. Furthermore, following the basic ideas of a least squares collocation, the deformation model allows a time-related space-continuous description as well as a space- and time-continuous prediction of the deformation. The developed approach is validated using simulated data sets, and the respective results are analysed and compared with respect to nominal surfaces.
A new Rhodococcus aetherivorans strain isolated from lubricant-contaminated soil as a prospective phenol-biodegrading agent
Authors: Nogina Taisiya , Fomina Marina , Dumanskaya Tatiana , Zelena Liubov , Khomenko Lyudmila , Mikhalovsky Sergey , Podgorskyi Valentin , Gadd Geoffrey Michael 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMicrobe-based decontamination of phenol-polluted environments has significant advantages over physical and chemical approaches by being relatively cheaper and ensuring complete phenol degradation. There is a need to search for commercially prospective bacterial strains that are resistant to phenol and other co-pollutants, e.g. oil hydrocarbons, in contaminated environments, and able to carry out efficient phenol biodegradation at a variable range of concentrations. This research characterizes the phenol-biodegrading ability of a new actinobacteria strain isolated from a lubricant-contaminated soil environment. Phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses showed that the novel strain UCM Ac-603 belonged to the speciesRhodococcus aetherivorans, and phenol degrading ability was quantitatively characterized for the first time.R.aetherivoransUCM Ac-603 tolerated and assimilated phenol (100% of supplied concentration) and various hydrocarbons (56.2–94.4%) as sole carbon sources. Additional nutrient supplementation was not required for degradation and this organism could grow at a phenol concentration of 500 mg L−1without inhibition. Complete phenol assimilation occurred after 4 days at an initial concentration of 1750 mg L−1for freely-suspended cells and at 2000 mg L−1for vermiculite-immobilized cells: 99.9% assimilation of phenol was possible from a total concentration of 3000 mg L−1supplied at daily fractional phenol additions of 750 mg L−1over 4 days. In terms of phenol degradation rates,R.aetherivoransUCM Ac-602 showed efficient phenol degradation over a wide range of initial concentrations with the rates (e.g. 35.7 mg L−1 h−1at 500 mg L−1phenol, and 18.2 mg L−1 h−1at 1750 mg L−1phenol) significantly exceeding (1.2–5 times) reported data for almost all other phenol-assimilating bacteria. Such efficient phenol degradation ability compared to currently known strains and other beneficial characteristics ofR.aetherivoransUCM Ac-602 suggest it is a promising candidate for bioremediation of phenol-contaminated environments.
Surgical nodal management in hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer
Authors: Ketterer M. C. , Lemus Moraga L. A. , Beitinger U. , Pfeiffer J. , Knopf A. , Becker C. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study is to compare pre-therapeutic staging of the loco-regional lymphatic basin and subsequent surgical management in cN0 versus cN+ hypopharyngeal and laryngeal cancer patients.

Methods
We analyzed all hypopharyngeal and laryngeal carcinoma patients treated surgically at a single quaternary medical care and cancer center between 2004 and 2014. We established two groups for patients who underwent neck dissection comparing patients with a low LNR (lymph node ratio) to one with a high LNR. Regarding the cN0 cohort, elective neck dissection was evaluated as a secondary predictor variable. Comorbidities, such as anemia and renal insufficiency, were analyzed as potentially influencing disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

Results
A total of 310 patients (185 glottic and 125 supraglottic/hypopharyngeal carcinoma) were included. Pre-therapeutic neck MRI-/CT-scan and concomitant neck ultrasound revealed cN+ status in 144 patients resulting in a significant over-staging in 63 patients (44%) who were rated as being pN0 after histological examination. 166 patients were staged cN0 and 21 underwent elective neck dissection (11 local advanced glottic and 10 supraglottic/hypopharyngeal carcinoma). Two cN0 patients showed occult cervical lymph node metastases (10%). Furthermore, we could detect a significant negative impact of the LNR divided by the number of dissected lymph nodes and OS.

Conclusion
The pre-therapeutic clinical evaluation of lymphatic outgrowth is over-staged. OS decreases with increasing LNR divided by the number of dissected lymph nodes. Renal insufficiency and anemia are significant negative factors, decreasing both OS and DFS.
Distinctive structural properties of THB11, a pentacoordinate Chlamydomonas reinhardtii truncated hemoglobin with N- and C-terminal extensions
Authors: Huwald Dennis , Duda Sabrina , Gasper Raphael , Olieric Vincent , Hofmann Eckhard , Hemschemeier Anja 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHemoglobins (Hbs) utilize heme b as a cofactor and are found in all kingdoms of life. The current knowledge reveals an enormous variability of Hb primary sequences, resulting in topological, biochemical and physiological individuality. As Hbs appear to modulate their reactivities through specific combinations of structural features, predicting the characteristics of a given Hb is still hardly possible. The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii contains 12 genes encoding diverse Hbs of the truncated lineage, several of which possess extended N- or C-termini of unknown function. Studies on some of the Chlamydomonas Hbs revealed yet unpredictable structural and biochemical variations, which, along with a different expression of their genes, suggest diverse physiological roles. Chlamydomonas thus represents a promising system to analyze the diversification of Hb structure, biochemistry and physiology. Here, we report the crystal structure, resolved to 1.75 Å, of the heme-binding domain of cyanomet THB11 (Cre16.g662750), one of the pentacoordinate algal Hbs, which offer a free Fe-coordination site in the reduced state. The overall fold of THB11 is conserved, but individual features such as a kink in helix E, a tilted heme plane and a clustering of methionine residues at a putative tunnel exit appear to be unique. Both N- and C-termini promote the formation of oligomer mixtures, and the absence of the C terminus results in reduced nitrite reduction rates. This work widens the structural and biochemical knowledge on the 2/2Hb family and suggests that the N- and C-terminal extensions of the Chlamydomonas 2/2Hbs modulate their reactivity by intermolecular interactions.
T2 mapping of the distal sciatic nerve in healthy subjects and patients suffering from lumbar disc herniation with nerve compression
Authors: Sollmann Nico , Weidlich Dominik , Klupp Elisabeth , Cervantes Barbara , Ganter Carl , Zimmer Claus , Rummeny Ernst J. , Baum Thomas , Kirschke Jan S. , Karampinos Dimitrios C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo measure T2 values for magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) of the healthy distal sciatic nerve and compare those to T2 changes in patients with nerve compression.Materials and methodsTwenty-one healthy subjects and five patients with sciatica due to disc herniation underwent MRN using a T2-prepared turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence of the distal sciatic nerve bilaterally. Six and one of those healthy subjects further underwent a commonly used multi-echo spin-echo (MESE) sequence and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), respectively.ResultsT2 values derived from the T2-prepared TSE sequence were 44.6 ± 3.0 ms (left) and 44.5 ± 2.6 ms (right) in healthy subjects and showed good inter-reader reliability. In patients, T2 values of 61.5 ± 6.2 ms (affected side) versus 43.3 ± 2.4 ms (unaffected side) were obtained. T2 values of MRS were in good agreement with measurements from the T2-prepared TSE, but not with those of the MESE sequence.DiscussionA T2-prepared TSE sequence enables precise determination of T2 values of the distal sciatic nerve in agreement with MRS. A MESE sequence tends to overestimate nerve T2 compared to T2 from MRS due to the influence of residual fat on T2 quantification. Our approach may enable to quantitatively assess direct nerve affection related to nerve compression.
Older adults’ perceptions of contexts surrounding their social participation in a digitalized society—an exploration in rural communities in Northern Sweden
Authors: Fischl Caroline , Lindelöf Nina , Lindgren Helena , Nilsson Ingeborg 
Published: February 2020

AbstractSocial participation and digital engagement can contribute to health and well-being among older adults. Because of older adults’ decline in abilities, coupled with complex technology and its perceived insufficient relevance to daily life, there is a need to create and tailor social opportunities and services that are supported by digital technologies for older adults to continue participating in society. Thus, it becomes relevant to explore older adults’ perceptions about contexts surrounding their social participation in a digital society. This exploration used a qualitative research design with focus group interviews and qualitative content analysis. Eighteen older adults, aged 66–81 years, from rural communities in Northern Sweden, participated in this study. The analysis resulted in three categories: experiencing conditions for social participation in a state of flux, perceiving drawbacks of urbanization on social participation, and welcoming digital technology that facilitates daily and community living. These categories were encapsulated in the theme—the juxtaposition of narrowing offline social networks and expanding digital opportunities for social participation. The findings suggested that co-creating usable digitalized services and facilitating satisfactory use of digital technologies could support older adults’ social participation through activities that they find relevant in their lives, and subsequently, might enable them to live longer at home.
The Acute and Early Effects of Whole-Brain Irradiation on Glial Activation, Brain Metabolism, and Behavior: a Positron Emission Tomography Study
Authors: Parente Andrea , de Vries Erik F. J. , van Waarde Aren , Ioannou Magdalini , van Luijk Peter , Langendijk Johannes A. , Dierckx Rudi A. J. O. , Doorduin Janine 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Radiotherapy is a frequently applied treatment modality for brain tumors. Concomitant irradiation of normal brain tissue can induce various physiological responses. The aim of this study was to investigate whether acute and early-delayed effects of brain irradiation on glial activation and brain metabolism can be detected with positron emission tomography (PET) and whether these effects are correlated with behavioral changes.

Procedures
Rats underwent 0-, 10-, or 25-Gy whole-brain irradiation. At 3 and 31 days post irradiation, 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-[11C]methyl-(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinoline carboxamide ([11C]PK11195) and 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) PET scans were acquired to detect changes in glial activation (neuroinflammation) and glucose metabolism, respectively. The open-field test (OFT) was performed on days 6 and 27 to assess behavioral changes.

Results
Twenty-five-gray-irradiated rats showed higher [11C]PK11195 uptake in most brain regions than controls on day 3 (striatum, hypothalamus, accumbens, septum p < 0.05), although some brain regions had lower uptake (cerebellum, parietal association/retrosplenial visual cortex, frontal association/motor cortex, somatosensory cortex, p < 0.05). On day 31, several brain regions in 25-Gy-irradiated rats still showed significantly higher [11C]PK11195 uptake than controls and 10-Gy-irradiated group (p < 0.05). Within-group analysis showed that [11C]PK11195 uptake in individual brain regions of 25-Gy treated rats remained stable or slightly increased between days 3 and 31. In contrast, a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in tracer uptake between days 3 and 31 was found in all brain areas of controls and 10-Gy-irradiated animals. Moreover, 10-Gy treatment led to a significantly higher [18F]FDG uptake on day 3 (p < 0.05). [18F]FDG uptake decreased between days 3 and 31 in all groups; no significant differences between groups were observed anymore on day 31, except for increased uptake in the hypothalamus in the 10-Gy group. The OFT did not show any significant differences between groups.

Conclusions
Non-invasive PET imaging indicated that brain irradiation induces neuroinflammation and a metabolic flare, without causing acute or early-delayed behavioral changes.