bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REVITALIZATION OF DRUPADI’S FEMINISM IN THE NOVEL OF DRUPADI PEREMPUAN POLIANDRIS BY SENA GUMIRA AJIDARMA
Authors: Wiyatmi Wiyatmi , Widayat Afendi , Saputra Andrian Eka 
Published: December 2019

Drupadi is one of the female characters who have important roles and positions in the epic Mahabharata or wayang purwa in Java. In the Indian version Drupadi married five Pandavas. However, in the Javanese version she was only married to Yudhisthira. This paper discuss Drupadi Perempuan Poliandris novel as one of the works which is the reception and transformation of Mahabharata version of India and Java, as a form of reception and transformation of Mahabharata version of India and Java, its existence is considered as a form of revitalization of the classic literary works, especially the character Drupadi using the perspective of feminist literary criticism. The results show that the Drupadi character depicted in the novel tends to return the identity of Drupadi in the Mahabharata of India as the wife of Pandawas after they won the competition held by King Drupada. This is in contrast to Drupadi in the Javanese wayang story depicting Drupadi as the wife Yudhisthira as the oldest Pandawa. In this novel Drupadi figure is also described as a woman who not only has perfect beauty, but also very critical of her destiny that must be lived.
HOW LEXICAL DENSITY REVEALS STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING ACADEMIC TEXT
Authors: Syarif Hermawati , Putri Rahmi Eka 
Published: December 2019

Through the analysis of lexical density, students’ progress in language learning, especially in writing can be identified. This article aimed to find out lexical density of students’ writing and to explain how lexical density shows their ability in writing an academic text. The data were taken from the introduction section of thesis proposals written by English graduate students, with the readers of higher education level. By statistical and descriptive analysis, the study reveals that the lexical density of students’ writing is categorized as less dense (51.19%). Grammatical complexity became the major factor that contributed to lexical density. It was revealed that the complexities emerged since students still have limited knowledge about the language use in writing an academic text. The fact shows that students’ ability in writing academic text is still in average level. This implies that the ones who write the text should consider the high density for the academic text. It is recommended to provide the topic of lexical density in the subject of academic writing subject in the syllabus of English study program of higher education.
Use of Multi-Criteria TOPSIS Analysis to Define a Decarbonization Path in Colombia
Authors: Diaz Fabian , Cilinskis Einars 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In the past few years, Colombia has begun to implement new laws according to new global trends, however, carbon dioxide emissions have not decreased despite country commitments according to the Paris agreement and other international treaties. In this paper, a pathway to achieve full decarbonization of the energy system of the country has been analysed using a multi-criteria analysis tool and considering several options from previous studies, evaluating three different abatement scenarios obtained by different models. Then, a Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis is conducted in order to propose a set of environmental policies that aid in seeking greater reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in sectors as agriculture, forestry, land use and transport. This set of measures is then summarized, and their abatement costs and GHG reduction potential are displayed. The outcomes show the country has great potential to exploit its renewable natural resources and indicates how a new electricity mix may not only decrease GHG emissions but also reduce the levelized cost of electricity for the end users.
Circular Economy and Bioeconomy Interaction Development as Future for Rural Regions. Case Study of Aizkraukle Region in Latvia
Authors: Muizniece Indra , Zihare Lauma , Pubule Jelena , Blumberga Dagnija 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
In order to enforce the concepts of bioeconomy and the circular economy, the use of a bottom-up approach at the national level has been proposed: to start at the level of a small region, encourage its development, considering its specific capacities and resources, rather than applying generalized assumptions at a national or international level. Therefore, this study has been carried out with an aim to develop a methodology for the assessment of small rural areas in the context of the circular economy and bioeconomy, in order to advance the development of these regions in an effective way, using the existing bioresources comprehensively. The methodology is based on the identification of existing and potential bioeconomy flows (land and its use, bioresources, human resources, employment and business), the identification of the strengths of their interaction and compare these with the situation at the regional and national levels in order to identify the specific region’s current situation in the bioeconomy and identify more forward-looking directions for development. Several methods are integrated and interlinked in the methodology – indicator analysis, correlation and regression analysis, and heat map tables. The methodology is approbated on one case study – Aizkraukle region – a small rural region in Latvia. During the research recommendations for the development of the circular economy and bioeconomy for the case study have been elaborated.
Cost Allocation Model for Net-Zero Energy Buildings under Community-Based Reward Penalty Mechanism
Authors: Huang Zhijia , Zhang Yang , Lu Yuehong , Wang Wei , Chen Demin , Wang Changlong , Khan Zafar 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The introduction of financial incentives for net-zero energy building/community (ZEB/ZEC) is a potential strategy that facilitates the development of sustainable buildings. In this study, a reward-penalty mechanism (RPM) is firstly proposed for a community that aims to achieve the target of annual zero energy balance. In order to investigate the cost allocated for each building in the community, a cost allocation model by considering the load of these buildings and the levels of zero energy building achieved is further proposed, based on which four typical types of the model is selected and investigated. The economic performance of a building under the four types of allocation model is then compared for a community that consists of 20 family houses in Ireland. By considering the possible ZEB level ranges in each building, two Cases are conducted (Case 1 – the range is between 0.0 and 1.0; Case 2 – the range is between 0.5 and 1.0). The results show that the 1st model is the simplest one that allocates cost evenly. By contrast, the cost of a building depends on its load in the 2nd model and depends on the ZEB level it achieved in the 3rd model, while it considers the two factors evenly in the 4th model. The proposed cost allocation model is expected to provide a basic guide for the designers of financial incentives as well as experts in the fields of net-zero energy buildings.
Power Sector Flexibility through Power-to-Heat and Power-to-Gas Application – System Dynamics Approach
Authors: Gravelsins Armands , Bazbauers Gatis , Blumberga Andra , Blumberga Dagnija 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The European Union has set the target for energy sector decarbonization. Variable renewable energy technologies are necessary to reach this target, but a high level of variable renewable energy raises the flexibility issues. In this research paper, the flexibility issue is addressed by analysing possibility of sector coupling via power-to-heat and power-to-gas applications by using system dynamics approach. The model is applied to the case of Latvia. Model results show that power-to-heat is a viable flexibility measure, and with additional financial incentives, it can even help to move towards decarbonization of the energy sector. In the best scenario, heat from surplus power can cover 37 % from total heat production in 2050. Unfortunately, in spite of a well-developed gas infrastructure, power-to-gas application is still very immature, and, in the best-case scenario with high incentives in power-to-gas technologies, only 7 % from available power surplus could be allocated for power-to-gas technologies in 2050.
When Bioeconomy Development Becomes a Biomass Energy Competitor
Authors: Lauka Dace , Slisane Dzintra , Ievina Linda , Muizniece Indra , Blumberga Dagnija 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Biomass is an essential pillar of the bioeconomy as it serves as its main resource. Biomass energy plays an important role in energy sector. According to long wave theory, a sharp breakthrough in biotechnology is due over the next few years. As the price for energy wood increases, wood as a resource will not be sustainable in energy sector. In the case of Latvia, the price of energy wood as a resource is predicted to increase from 0.04 EUR/kWh to 0.12 EUR/kWh per unit of energy.
The Evaluation of Factors Affecting Bioeconomy Development Using Transdisciplinary Approach
Authors: Indzere Zane , Melvere Maira , Muizniece Indra , Blumberga Dagnija 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Bioeconomy is a target that European Union has set to be achieved; however, despite the planning documents, strategies and the financial support already given to promote it, the development of bioeconomy is slow and has not shown any significant development in the recent years. In this research bioeconomy system that consists of seven factors: production, technology, climate change, infrastructure, bioresources, and pollution, is being evaluated. The selection of factors is based on literature review and opinions of the expert group. The main aim of the research is to understand which are the most influential factors within the bioeconomy system, particularly, which factors the highest attention should be paid to in the policy and strategy documents implementation on a national level. To evaluate the chosen bioeconomy system, a multi-criteria decision-making method TOPSIS was used. The TOPSIS method was performed by using transdisciplinary approach components, which emphasise the complexity of bioeconomy. The results have shown that the main three factors within bioeconomy system are bioresources, climate change and production. The least important factors are technologies and infrastructure.
Predicting Equations and Resting Energy Expenditure Changes in Overweight Adults
Authors: Stubelj Mojca , Teraž Kaja , Poklar Vatovec Tamara 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Introduction
The aim of the study is to show the differences between the measured and estimated values of resting energy expenditure and any changes occurring after the 6-month weight loss intervention program.

Methods
We included 33 healthy adults aged 25–49 years with an average body mass index 29.1±2.7 kg/m 2 for female and 29.8±2.8 kg/m2 for male. The measured resting energy expenditure was obtained by indirect calorimeter MedGem® Microlife and estimated resting energy expenditure by the Harris–Benedict equation, the Mifflin–St Jeor equation, the Owen equation, the Wright equation, and by the Tanita body composition analyser. All measurements and calculations were carried out before and after the 6-month intervention. Results were compared using paired t-tests. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
A comparison of the measured resting energy expenditure of female subjects with the estimated resting energy expenditure using the Harris–Benedict equation, the Mifflin–St Jeor equation and the Wright equation showed a statistically significant difference. A comparison of the measured resting energy expenditure of male subjects with the estimated resting energy expenditure using the Harris–Benedict equation and the Wright equation showed a statistically significant difference. There was a significant difference in the measured resting energy expenditure and estimated resting energy expenditure using Tanita.

Conclusions
We concluded that the most comparable equation for our sample was the Owen’s equation. After losing weight, the measured resting energy expenditure has decreased, which must be taken into account in further diet therapy.
PEMODELAN NILAI KURS TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA DATA LONGITUDINAL MENGGUNAKAN REGRESI NONPARAMETRIK SPLINE
Authors: SHOLIKHA MILATUS , SUSILAWATI MADE , SRINADI I GUSTI AYU MADE 
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to obtain the models between currency value and stocks in longitudinal data. The models were obtained by using nonparametric truncated spline regression. The data consisted of stocks from three companies namely PT. Mandom Indonesia, PT. Unilever Indonesia and PT. Akasha Wira Internasional and currency value of AUD to IDR. The data were splitted into two sub samples which were “in sample” data from January 2013-December 2017 that were used to generate the models and “out sample” data from January 2016-December 2018 to validate the models, MAPE was used as measurement in validation. This resulted in three distinctive models which were model with order and 3 knots for PT. Mandom Indonesia and PT. Unilever Indonesia, model with order and 4 knots for PT. Akasha Wira Internasional stock, all with there own respective knot points and MAPE value of 9.62%, 15.61% and 48.8% sub sequently.
Dependence of P-wave dispersion on mean arterial pressure as an independent hemodynamic variable in school children
Authors: Chávez González Elibet , González Rodríguez Emilio F. , Llanes Camacho María del Carmen 
Published: December 2019

Introduction:The relationship between diastolic dysfunction and P-wave dispersion (PWD) in the electrocardiogram has been studied for some time. In this regard, echocardiography is emerging as a diagnostic tool to improve risk stratification for mild hypertension.Objective:To determine the dependence of PWD on the electrocardiogram and on echocardiographic variables in a pediatric population.Methods: Five hundred and fifteen children from three elementary schools were studiedfrom a total of 565 children. Those whose parents did not want them to take part in the study, as well as those with known congenital diseases, were excluded. Tests including 12-lead surface ECGs and 4 blood pressure (BP) measurements were performed. Maximum and minimum P-values were measured, and the PWD on the electrocardiogram was calculated. Echocardiography for structural measurements and the pulsed Doppler of mitral flow were also performed.Results: A significant correlation in statistical variables was found between PWD and mean BP for pre-hypertensive and hypertensive children, i.e., r= 0.32, p <0.01 and r= 0.33, p <0.01, respectively. There was a significant correlation found between PWD and the left atrial area (r= 0.45 and p <0.01).Conclusions: We highlight the dependency between PWD, the electrocardiogram and mean blood pressure. We also draw attention to the dependence of PWD on the left atrial area. This result provides an explanation for earlier changes in atrial electrophysiological and hemodynamic characteristics in pediatric patients.
Women´s expectations and evaluation of a maternal educational program
Authors: Martínez-Galiano Juan Miguel , Delgado-Rodríguez Miguel 
Published: December 2019

Objectives: To identify the expectations of women requesting the maternal education program (ME) and to determine their evaluation of it.Methods: a multi-centric observational study was conducted in four hospitals in Spain in 2011 with primiparous women. Socio-demographic and obstetrical variables, among others, were collected through interviews and reviews of medical records. The analysis estimated crude and adjusted odds ratios using logistic regression with a confidence interval of 95%.Results: Newborn care was most requested type of content desired by women (80.33%). Eleven and one quarter percent (11.25%) of the women evaluated ME as being of little or no usefulness or benefit. Women appreciated the follow-up care given during pregnancy and childbirth but ME was not noted as influencing the measurement of these processes (p> 0.05).Conclusions: Newborn care was the type of subject mainly demanded by the women in the ME program. Women evaluated ME as being a useful program.
Ocular trauma from land mines among soldiers treated at a University Hospital in Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Moreno Liliana , Velasquez Luis Fernando , Restrepo Carlos Alberto , Paulo Jose David , Donado Jorge Hernando , Muñoz Marta Lucía , Aristizabal John Jairo 
Published: December 2019

Introduction: Currently ocular combat injuries are complex and associated with poor visual outcomes. Our objective is to characterize the military population that suffer land mine combat ocular trauma in Colombia and indentify the type of wound, treatment and visual outcomes.Methods: Retrospectively review of medical history of soldiers evaluated in Pablo Tobon Uribe Hospital, whom had land mine trauma during January of 2004 and December 2012.Results: 635 soldiers had land mine trauma, 153 of them had ocular trauma (226 eyes). Open ocular trauma was observed in 29.6%. The Ocular Trauma Score was calculated in 183 eyes, the initial visual acuity was not possible to be reported in the rest of them; the 45% of the eyes were classified in category 3. Three patients had no light perception in both eyes. 97.3% of the eyes received medical treatment and 49.1% had surgery also. Primary evisceration was made in 5.8% and enucleation in 1.8%. Intraocular foreign body was observed by ultrasonography in 11.1% and in 5.8% by orbital tomography. Eleven patients were legally blind at discharge.Conclusions: The ocular trauma related to a landmine is highly destructive at an ocular level. The treatments associated with better visual outcomes are primary closure of globe and systemic antibiotics; although the characteristics of the wound itself are the main prognostic factor. The Ocular trauma score is a useful tool for determining visual outcome in combat ocular trauma.
The Use of Disintegration Ratio in Evaluating Rock Durability in Selected Mudrock Samples in Indonesia
Authors: Misbahudin Misbahudin , Sadisun Imam Achmad 
Published: December 2019

Characterization of durability of mudrocks is important regarding its slaking behaviour within a short time when exposed to and or interact with water. Some relevant cases that occurred due to slaking are damage to roads and slope failures along the Cipularang and Cipali Toll Road. Current engineering activities related to the presence of mudrocks are being and will be held in several locations in Indonesia such as the construction of the Cisumdawu Toll Road in Ujungjaya District, Sumedang and building the National Observatory in Timau District, Kupang. This research is useful for providing engineering considerations related to those activities.
The methods used in this research included X-ray diffraction to obtain mineralogy of mudrock, laboratory testing of physical properties of rocks such as dry density, water content, porosity, absorption and mudrocks durability tests. Durability of rocks was determined by disintegration index test. Testing was carried out by wetting and drying of rock samples.
Test results showed that the average disintegration ratio of claystones, shales, mudstones and siltstones are 0.1035, 0.2183, 0.4942 and 0.9900. Slaking mode occurs to claystones, mudstones and shales is body slaking while dispersion slaking occurs to siltstones. Evaluation of the durability of mudrocks in this research indicates that siltstones have the highest durability characterized by very slow disintegration, followed by mudstones, shales and claystones at the lowest with very quick disintegration. Disintegration ratio from the disintegration index test characterizes the durability of mudrocks in more details. It can be concluded that porosity and absorption are incorporated into the main factors affecting the durability of mudrocks.
Income Redistribution, Body Part Redistribution, and Respect for the Separateness of Persons
Authors: Mazor Joseph 
Published: December 2019

This article considers the question of why labor income may be permissibly redistributed to the poor even though non-essential body parts should generally be protected from redistribution to the infirm – the body-income puzzle. It argues that proposed solutions that affirm self-ownership but reject ownership of labor income are unsuccessful. And proposed solutions that grant individuals entitlements to resources based on the centrality of those resources to the individual’s personal identity are also unsuccessful. Instead, this article defends a solution to the body-income puzzle based on a novel conception of respect for the separateness of persons. This conception holds that the sphere of moral authority protected from interference by respect for the separateness of persons includes both the body and labor income. And the strength of the negative rights constituting this sphere vary based on these rights' importance to the personal identity of the right-holder. It is shown that a commitment to helping the disadvantaged tempered by this conception of respect for the separateness of persons can solve the body-income puzzle.
Mechanical Characteristics of Heat-Treated Medium Carbon Steel Quenched using Blending Different Types of Vegetable Oils
Authors: Ajiboye Tajudeen , Abdulsalam Adam Olalekan 
Published: December 2019

Quenching and tempering are processes that strengthen and harden materials like steel and other iron-based alloys. Conventional heat treatment procedures for producing martensitic steels generally involve continuous and rapid cooling of an austenitized specimen in some types of quenching media such as water, oil, or air, in which the properties of steel quenched depends largely on the properties of these quenching media. Four vegetable oils: Cotton seed oil, Neem seed oil, Shea butter oil and Palm kernel oil, were blended into two different samples, namely Blend A: Cotton seed oil and Neem seed oil and Blend B: Cotton seed oil, Neem seed oil, Palm kernel oil and Shear butter oil. These were mixed in different ratios. Samples of Medium Carbon Steel were heated to 850°C and soaked for 10 minutes inside a Muffle Furnace before quenching in the prepared quenching media. The Microstructure and mechanical properties of the samples were investigated to determine the quenching performance of the Vegetable Oil Blends. The results showed that Blend A1 produced best properties for the Impact Strength and Yield Strength with values of 0.82 J/mm² and 429.71N/mm² respectively. On the other hands, Blend A2 quenched Steel had best properties for the Hardness and Tensile Strength with 52.8 HRA and 892 N/mm² respectively. Microstructure analysis also confirms improved hardness and toughness exhibiting more martensite for blend containing the four oils than blend with only two oils.