bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multilocus identification and thiophanate‐methyl sensitivity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex associated with fruit with symptoms and symptomless leaves of mango
Authors: Fuentes‐Aragón Dionicio , Guarnaccia Vladimiro , Rebollar‐Alviter Angel , Juárez‐Vázquez Sandra B. , Aguirre‐Rayo Fortino , Silva‐Rojas Hilda V. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractColletotrichum spp. are known causal agents of anthracnose in a broad host range, causing severe losses. Currently, the most effective way to reduce disease is by fungicide application, which could give rise to resistant populations. This study aimed to determine the Colletotrichum species present in conventional and organic mango orchards and to evaluate their pathogenicity and sensitivity to the benzimidazole fungicide thiophanate‐methyl. Seventy‐one isolates from fruit with symptoms and symptomless leaves were obtained. From these, 20 representative morphotypes were analysed based on glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase partial gene sequencing. A subset of 10 isolates based on different species, isolation source, and fungicide sensitivity was used for morphological and multilocus phylogenetic analysis. Colletotrichum queenslandicum was only identified in conventional production systems, C. chrysophilum only in organic systems, and C. asianum and C. siamense in both. Pathogenicity tests showed all species were pathogenic, and only C. asianum caused symptoms via both unwounded and wounded inoculation methods. Overall, 25.3% of isolates (n = 18) that belong to C. siamense, isolated from a conventional orchard, grew on thiophanate‐methyl amended media at 1,000 µg/ml, suggesting high resistance. Resistance was not correlated with any common point mutations at positions 198 and 200 of the β‐tubulin 2 protein, as commonly found in other fungal pathogens resistant to benzimidazole. The 74.7% remaining isolates (n = 53) belonging to the other species were sensitive, reaching 100% inhibition at <10 µg/ml. Even with benzimidazole application, anthracnose symptoms persist due to the emergence of pathogenic Colletotrichum subpopulations that are resistant to thiophanate‐methyl.
A concept analysis of burn care in nursing
Authors: Subrata Sumarno A. 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundBurn is a life‐threatening injury that requires long‐term treatment and concomitant hospital stay. Relevant clinical studies in burns have been accomplished and published in the literature. However, none of these studies reported the concept analysis of burn care in nursing. Therefore, analysing the concept of burn care acts as an imperative strategy to provide comprehensive management of burn injury.ObjectiveThe study aims to describe the concept of burn care in nursing.MethodWalker and Avant’s method (2013) was used to achieve the objective of the study.FindingsA model of burn care in nursing was generated that consists of assessment and diagnosis, intervention and evaluation. In addition, the biopsychosocial model developed by George L. Engel (1977) was also integrated to examine how these aspects play a significant role in burn care.ConclusionImplementing the concept of burn care will improve the quality of nursing care, cosmetic outcomes and vice versa, reduce the comorbidities on burn injury.
Logic & Structure: An Art Project
Authors: Kossak Roman , Siedlecka Wanda 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Logic & Structure project is about the language of mathematical logic and how it can be of use in the visual arts. It involves a conversation between a mathematical logician and a group of artists. The project is ongoing, and this is a report on its first two phases. This text has two parts. The first, “Logic”, is a short introduction to certain aspects of logic, as it was presented to the participants. The second part, “Structures”, describes some of the outcomes.The inspiration for the project comes from modern model theory whose advances revealed the extent to which formal methods may be helpful in describing and analysing mathematical structures. While the structures that are studied are often immensely complex, the formal language in which their properties can be expressed is simple. Its syntax is precisely defined and well understood, and this understanding often successfully guides us in our explorations of the rich world of mathematical objects. Our goal is to see the extent to which a similar approach could be of value when talking about works of art as structures. To this end, one could try to describe existing art objects in terms of suitably chosen formal languages, but we follow a reverse route. The language is described first, and the participating artists are asked to come up with artwork in which formal elements and their relations are chosen in advance, making it easier to identify those features of the created pieces that can be formally expressed. In other words, we are not thinking of applying formal methods to create art; rather we want to begin with samples that can serve as material for discussion.
Effect of salinity on mixed microalgae grown in anaerobic liquid digestate
Authors: Ermis Hande , Altinbas Mahmut 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this study, mixed microalgal culture dominated by Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus armatus was grown in Anaerobic Liquid Digestate (ALD) at different NaCl concentrations ranging between 0 and 100 mM. Highest lipid and carbohydrate amounts were observed as 38.4 and 36.2%, respectively, when the salinity was 50 mM NaCl. However, the protein content was drastically decreased to 12.8% with increased NaCl concentration. Furthermore, the algal biomass was subsequently decreased along with the total chlorophyll amount with increased NaCl concentration. Algal species showed diverse response to salinity stress and demonstrated a cost‐effective approach towards the cultivation of mixed microalgae within digestate and provided insight that ALD and/or other wastewaters can be diluted with seawater instead of tap water in the future studies. This study could be further converted into biofuels because of an increase in lipid content along with the digestate treatment, which will help to valorize ALD and bring into economy.
Dietary supplement use by older adults with chronic venous leg ulcers: A retrospective, descriptive study
Authors: McDaniel Jodi C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNearly 70% of older adults in the U.S. report using ≥1 dietary supplements (DSs) daily. While DSs may have health benefits, there is risk for toxicity or harmful drug‐supplement interactions if not taken correctly. Older adults with chronic wounds who use DSs are at increased risk of adverse drug‐supplement interactions because they usually have comorbidities requiring polypharmacy management. However, no studies have evaluated DS use in this population. The aim of this retrospective pilot study was to describe DS use by a sample of older adults (n = 40) with chronic venous leg ulcers (CVLUs) who participated in a clinical trial testing the effects of fish oil supplementation on wound healing. At baseline, study personnel assisted all participants in completing an electronic questionnaire about DS use. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the data. Twenty‐five of the 40 participants (62.5%) reported taking ≥1 DS daily. On average, DS users were 65.16 years (SD = 8.51) and the majority were men (64.0%), white (68.0%), and had at least some college education (72.0%). Fifteen (60.0%) reported taking 1‐2 DSs/day, and 10 (40.0%) reported taking ≥3/day. The most frequently reported DSs used were multivitamin/mineral complex (60.0%), vitamin D (36.0%), vitamin B complex (28.0%) and calcium (28.0%). Reasons for using DSs were to maintain or improve health (44.0%), improve bone density (12%), and boost the immune system (12%). Supplement users reported consuming an average of 9.12 (SD = 6.46) prescription drugs daily and 21 (84.0%) reported ≥3 chronic health conditions. In summary, DS use in this sample of chronic wound patients was high. Moreover, DS users reported using multiple prescription drugs (2‐23/day) concomitantly with DSs. While older adults with CVLUs may benefit from targeted DS therapy, monitoring their DS use to reduce risk for adverse drug‐supplement interactions is best practice.
The Effect of Acupressure on Acute Pain During Venipuncture in Children: Implications for Evidence‐Based Practice
Authors: Koç Özkan Tuba , Balcı Serap 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimsThe study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial in order to determine the effects of acupressure on acute pain during venipuncture in children.MethodsThe population of the study consisted of children, aged between 9 and 12 years, who received venipuncture between September 2015 and June 2016 at a university hospital in Istanbul. The sample consisted of a total of 90 children, including 45 children in the acupressure group and 45 children in the control group, who met the sample inclusion criteria. The results of the study were obtained by using an information form, the State Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAIC), the visual analog scale (VAS), and the Faces Pain Scale‐Revised (FPS‐R). Acupressure was applied to the children in the acupressure group for 10 min before the venipuncture procedure. Pain, heart rate, and oxygen saturation levels of the children in the acupressure and control groups were evaluated both before and after the venipuncture procedure.ResultsThe children in the acupressure and control groups were found to be similar in terms of age, gender, parents’ educational levels and working status, number of venipuncture procedures, and mean anxiety scores. In the evaluation that was conducted before the venipuncture procedure, no statistically significant differences were observed between the heat rates, oxygen saturation levels, and expected pain scores from the venipuncture procedure in the children in the acupressure and control groups. On the other hand, it was observed that the children in the acupressure group (VAS: 19.51 ± 4.98; FPS‐R: 2.08 ± 0.41) experienced less pain than the children in the control group (VAS: 47.37 ± 9.89; FPS‐R: 4.84 ± 1.08), and there was a significant difference between the two groups (p< .000).Linking Evidence to ActionAcupressure administration is effective in reducing the pain that is experienced by children during a venipuncture procedure.
Plasticity Correction on Stress Intensity Factor Evaluation for Underclad Cracks in Reactor Pressure Vessels
Authors: Lu Kai , Katsuyama Jinya , Li Yinsheng 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Structural integrity assessment of reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) is essential for the safe operation of nuclear power plants. For RPVs in pressurized water reactors (PWRs), the assessment should be performed by considering neutron irradiation embrittlement and pressurized thermal shock (PTS) events. To assess the structural integrity of an RPV, a traditional method is usually employed by comparing fracture toughness of the RPV material with the stress intensity factor (KI) of a crack postulated near the RPV inner surface. When an underclad crack (i.e., a crack beneath the cladding of an RPV) is postulated, KI of this crack can be increased owing to the plasticity effect of cladding. This is because the yield stress of cladding is lower than that of base metal and the cladding may yield earlier than base metal. In this paper, detailed three-dimensional (3D) finite element analyses (FEAs) were performed in consideration of the plasticity effect of cladding for underclad cracks postulated in Japanese RPVs. Based on the 3D FEA results, a plasticity correction method was proposed on KI calculations of underclad cracks. In addition, the effects of RPV geometries and loading conditions were investigated using the proposed plasticity correction method. Moreover, the applicability of the proposed method to the case which considers the hardening effect of materials after neutron irradiation was also investigated. All of these results indicate that the proposed plasticity correction method can be used for KI calculations of underclad cracks and is applicable to structural integrity assessment of Japanese RPVs containing underclad cracks.
Thermal Solutions for a Plate With an Arbitrary Temperature Transient on One Surface and Convection on the Other: Direct and Inverse Formulations
Authors: Segall Albert E. , Schoof Craig C. , Yastishock Daniel E. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Thick plates that are thermally loaded on one surface with convection on the other are often encountered in engineering practice. Given this wide utility and the limitations of most existing solutions to an adiabatic boundary condition, generalized direct thermal solutions were first derived for an arbitrary surface loading as modeled by a polynomial and its coefficients on the loaded surface with convection on the other. Once formulated, the temperature solutions were then used with elasticity relationships to determine the resulting thermal stresses. Additionally, the inverse thermal problem was solved using a least-squares type determination of the aforementioned polynomial coefficients based on the direct-solution and temperatures measured at the surface with convection. Previously published relationships for a thick-walled cylinder with internal heating/cooling and external convection are also included for comparison. Given the versatility of the polynomial solutions advocated, the method appears well suited for complicated thermal scenarios provided the analysis is restricted to the time interval used to determine the polynomial and the thermophysical properties do not vary with temperature.
Magnetohydrodynamic and Heat Transfer Impacts on Ferrofluid Over a Rotating Disk: An Application to Hard Disk Drives
Authors: Loganayagi V. , Kameswaran Peri K. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The motivation behind this article is to explore the impacts of heat transfer, magnetohydrodynamic, and hall current on two-dimensional incompressible nanofluid flow over a rotating disk. The nanofluid model utilized in the present investigation comprises the nanoparticle fraction model. Two sorts of nanoparticles to be specific Hematite (Fe2O3) is the principal source of iron and Cobalt alloy (Co64 Cr30 W6) is generally used metal alloy that is primarily Cobalt and Chromium with base fluid Motor Oil 10W30 is taken into consideration. The Prandtl number identifying with motor oil is (Pr = 1531.92). The governing equations are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations by using Von-Karman transformation and then solved numerically utilizing matlab bvp4c. Impacts of the magnetic field, hall current, and nanoparticle volume fraction on tangential, radial velocities, and temperature profiles have been examined. Numerical outcomes have been acquired for various physical parameters through graphical representation. We have demonstrated that a remarkable reconciliation exists among the current outcomes and those in the literature for various values of magnetic parameter and velocity slip parameters, in the absence of other parameters. It is also found that radial and tangential velocities increase more in the case of Fe2O3 nanoparticles when compared with Co64 Cr30 W6 because of density variations. It is discovered that enhancement in a nanoparticle volume fraction reduces the heat transfer rate. It can moreover be clarified such a way that as the nanoparticle volume fraction raise, the density of nanoparticles increases, temperature also increases subsequently heat transfer rate decreases. This result keeps more cooling for the hard disk drives and might be intrigued for engineers.
Design and implementation of the stacked, synchronised and iconographic timeline-structured electronic patient record in a UK NHS Global Digital Exemplar hospital
Authors: Hales Alan Arthur , Cable David , Crossley Eleanor , Findlay Callum , Rew David Anthony 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundConventional electronic screen visualisation formats, which use tabs, dropdown menus, lists and multiple windows, present huge navigation challenges to health professionals. A unifying and intuitive interface for the electronic patient record (EPR) has been an elusive goal for software developers for decades.MethodsSince 2009, by working in an agile way, we have built and implemented a fully operational and dynamic system, the University Hospital Southampton Lifelines (UHSL), within our clinical data estate, in a UK university hospital. UHSL permits the continuously updated display of the EPR on a single desktop computer screen in an intuitive format. During this iterative evolution, we have resolved a number of practical challenges in data display, while maintaining our core aims of end-user optimisation and radical simplification of the interface. Concurrently, we have upcycled a significant volume of clinical e-content, some from as far back as 1991, into UHSL, and at a marginal cost.OutcomesUHSL went live in 2017 for all authorised staff at the hospital. It displays all e-records for 2.5 million patients and for more than 100 million documents and reports. It significantly reduces the screen time to navigate the individual EPR, and it offers substantial productivity gains in designated clinical services.ConclusionsUHSL has considerable further development potential as a National Health Service EPR interface, for the integration, display and ease of understanding of medical records across primary, secondary and community care.
Investigation of wearable health tracker version updates
Authors: Woolley Sandra I , Collins Tim , Mitchell James , Fredericks David 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundWearable fitness trackers are increasingly used in healthcare applications; however, the frequent updating of these devices is at odds with traditional medical device practices.ObjectiveOur objective was to explore the nature and frequency of wearable tracker updates recorded in device changelogs, to reveal the chronology of updates and to estimate the intervals where algorithm updates could impact device validations.MethodUpdates for devices meeting selection criteria (that included their use in clinical trials) were independently labelled by four researchers according to simple function and specificity schema.ResultsDevice manufacturers have diverse approaches to update reporting and changelog practice. Visual representations of device changelogs reveal the nature and chronology of device iterations. 13% of update items were unspecified and 32% possibly affected validations with as few as 5 days between updates that may affect validation.ConclusionManufacturers could aid researchers and health professionals by providing more informative device update changelogs.
Improved efficiency and patient safety through bespoke electronic thalassaemia care module
Authors: Naveed Mohamed , Al-Serkal Yousif , Al-Nuaimi Sumaya , Al-Blooshi Kalthoom , Majed Al-Mahiri Noor , Khan Yasir , Naqvi Sadaf Ahsan , Preman Neema 
Published: April 2020

ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of electronic medical record (EMR) on improvement of healthcare parameters in a thalassaemia centre located at the Fujairah Hospital, Fujairah, UAE.Materials and methodsA hospital-wide EMR system (Wareed) was implemented across the hospitals in the Ministry of Health and Prevention, UAE, including two major thalassaemia centres. We aim to investigate the impact of this intervention across a number of healthcare parameters over two quarters (before and after implementation of the system).ResultsSince preimplementation data were not available for one facility, comparisons were made between parameters in two quarters in Fujairah hospital only. After introduction of Wareed, we found an increase in number of appointments (12%) (p=0.00), decrease in the number of appointment cancellations due to non-availability of blood products (p=0.02), reduction in the time to cannulation (p=0.00), decrease in number of physician days (p=0.295) among other parameters observed.DiscussionResearch shows that EMR systems have a positive impact on reduction in medical expenditure, improvement of healthcare quality and overall health outcomes. thalassaemia is highly prevalent in the Middle Eastern countries and drains the medical, social and financial resources of these nations. Our study is an attempt to create an insight into the difference in healthcare parameters before and after introduction of the system.ConclusionBeing the first of a kind in this region, our study created favourable evidence that introduction of an EMR has an overall positive impact on the healthcare delivery system for thalassaemia care.
Moderate to severe hyperphosphataemia as an independent prognostic factor for 28-day mortality in adult patients with sepsis
Authors: Jang Dong-Hyun , Jo You Hwan , Lee Jae Hyuk , Kim Joonghee , Park Seung Min , Hwang Ji Eun , Lee Dong Keon , Park Inwon , Lee Che Uk , Lee Sang-Min 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundIschaemic tissue injury caused by tissue hypoperfusion is one of the major consequences of sepsis. Phosphate concentrations are elevated in ischaemic tissue injury. This study was performed to investigate the association of phosphate concentrations with mortality in patients with sepsis.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of patients with sepsis conducted at an urban, tertiary care emergency department (ED) in Korea. Patients with sepsis arriving between March 2010 and April 2017 were stratified into four groups according to the initial phosphate concentration at presentation to the ED: group I (hypophosphataemia, phosphate <2 mg/dL), group II (normophosphataemia, phosphate 2–4 mg/dL), group III (mild hyperphosphataemia, phosphate 4–6 mg/dL), group IV (moderate to severe hyperphosphataemia, phosphate ≥6 mg/dL). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to evaluate the independent association of initial phosphate concentration with 28-day mortality.ResultsOf the 3034 participants in the study, the overall mortality rate was 21.9%. The 28-day mortality rates were group I (hypophosphataemia) 14.6%, group II 17.4% (normophosphataemia), group III (mild hyperphosphataemia) 29.2% and group IV (moderate to severe hyperphosphataemia) 51.4%, respectively (p<0.001). In the multivariable analyses, patients with severe hyperphosphataemia had a significantly higher risk of death than those with normal phosphate levels (HR 1.59; 95% CI 1.23 to 2.05). Mortality in the other groups was not significantly different from mortality in patients with normophosphataemia.ConclusionsModerate to severe hyperphosphataemia was associated with 28-day mortality in patients with sepsis. Phosphate level could be used as a prognostic indicator in sepsis.