bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of registered nurses in primary care and public health collaboration: A scoping review
Authors: Swanson Monica , Wong Sabrina T. , Martin‐Misener Ruth , Browne Annette J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimThe purpose of this work was to examine the roles of Registered Nurses (RNs) in primary care (PC) and public health (PH) collaboration. Additionally, we aimed to explore whether the current scope of practice for RNs is adequate to support their roles in PC/PH collaboration.DesignA scoping review of current literature relating to the RN’s role in PC/PH collaboration was conducted using the PRISMA 2009 checklist.MethodsThe review used key terms: primary care, public health, collaboration, nursing and nurse role across six electronic databases; 23 articles that were included in the final review were published over a 7‐year span.ResultsFour key RN roles relating to PC/PH collaboration were identified: relationship builder, outreach professional, programme facilitator and care coordinator. RNs supported transitions in chronic disease, communicable disease care and maternity care at various healthcare system levels including systemic, organizational, intrapersonal and interpersonal levels.
Positive childbirth experience: A qualitative study
Authors: Hosseini Tabaghdehi Monirolsadate , Keramat Afsaneh , Kolahdozan Sakineh , Shahhosseini Zohreh , Moosazadeh Mahmood , Motaghi Zahra 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimThis study aimed to explore the meaning of a positive childbirth experience expressed by women who had given birth in Iran.DesignQualitative exploratory study.MethodsThis is a qualitative study conducted on 10 women aged 20–38 years with positive childbirth experience. Data were collected using semi‐structured interviews from 72 hr–2 months after childbirth.ResultsData analysis led to into two themes and five subthemes. The themes include control and empowerment. Control theme consisted of three subthemes of preparation, coping and support; and empowerment theme consisted of two subthemes of self‐efficacy and self‐esteem. Women's sense of empowerment to childbirth can be the result of a positive childbirth experience. Therefore, it seems that providing positive experience factors of childbirth plays an important role in women's self‐efficacy and self‐esteem, which requires cooperation and effort at the level of the individual, family, education system and healthcare system.
Incorporation of POSS to improve thermal stability of bio‐based polymethacrylates by nitroxide‐mediated polymerization: Polymerization kinetics and characterization
Authors: Hajiali Faezeh , Marić Milan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNitroxide‐mediated polymerization (NMP) was used to polymerize methacrylate‐functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, POSSMA, in a controlled manner with bio‐based C13 methacrylate (C13MA) to improve the thermal stability of the latter by copolymerization (using 10 mol% acrylonitrile controlling comonomer). Kinetic experiments (80–110 °C) revealed the relatively low ceiling temperature of POSSMA (135 °C). Synthesis of poly(POSSMA‐co‐AN) with f
AN,0 = 0.10 at 90 °C resulted in low dispersity (1.16) and relatively high conversion (~50%) after 3 hr in 50 wt% toluene. Assuming binary statistical copolymerizations, POSSMA was slightly less reactive than C13MA toward the propagating species (r
POSSMA = 0.91 ± 0.07 and r
C13MA = 1.94 ± 0.13). Incorporating POSSMA up to 68 mol% improved decomposition temperature of C13MA‐based copolymers from 190 to 262 °C. Chain end fidelity of POSSMA‐rich compositions was confirmed by subsequent chain extensions to make block and gradient copolymers. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed multiple transition temperatures in block copolymers, suggesting microphase separation. Powder X‐ray diffraction confirmed crystalline domains ~30 nm in POSSMA‐rich statistical copolymers while transmission electron microscopy revealed weakly ordered lamellar morphology for poly(C13MA‐co‐AN)‐b‐(POSSMA‐co‐AN) block copolymer at a smaller length scale. Oscillatory shear measurements of block copolymers indicated primarily viscous character below 200 s−1 but crossover above this frequency, indicating POSS–POSS interactions were increasing the elasticity of the block copolymers.
miR‐30a inhibits androgen‐independent growth of prostate cancer via targeting MYBL2, FOXD1, and SOX4
Authors: Li Xinjun , Jiao Meng , Hu Jing , Qi Mei , Zhang Jing , Zhao Mingfeng , Liu Hui , Xiong Xueting , Dong Xuesen , Han Bo 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundCastrate‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is an aggressive and lethal disease. The pathogenesis of CRPC is not fully understood and novel therapeutic targets need to be identified to improve the patients' prognosis. MicroRNA‐30a (miR‐30a) has been demonstrated to be a tumor suppressor in many types of solid malignancies. However, its role in androgen‐independent (AI) growth of prostate cancer (PCa) received limited attention as yet.MethodsThe clinical association of miR‐30a and its potential targets with AI growth was characterized by bioinformatics analyses. Regulation of cell proliferation and colony formation rates by miR‐30a were tested using PCa cell models. Xenograft models were used to measure the regulation of prostate tumor growth by miR‐30a. The real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to validate whether miR‐30a and its targets regulate cell cycle control genes and androgen receptor (AR)‐dependent transcription. Bioinformatics tools, Western blot, and luciferase reporter assays were utilized to identify miR‐30a targets.ResultsBioinformatic analysis showed that low expression of miR‐30a is associated with castration resistance of PCa patients and poor outcomes. Transfection of miR‐30a mimics inhibited the AI growth of PCa cells in vitro and in vivo. Upregulation of miR‐30a in 22RV1 cells altered the expression of cell cycle control genes and AR‐mediated transcription, while downregulation of miR‐30a in LNCaP cells had the opposite effects to AR‐mediated transcription. MYBL2, FOXD1, and SOX4 were identified as miR‐30a targets. Downregulation of MYBL2, FOXD1, and SOX4 affected the expression of cell cycle control genes and AR‐mediated transcription and suppressed the AI growth of 22RV1 cells.ConclusionsOur results suggest that miR‐30a inhibits AI growth of PCa by targeting MYBL2, FOXD1, and SOX4. They provide novel insights into developing new treatment strategies for CRPC.
A robustness study of a finite‐time/exponential tracking continuous control scheme for constrained‐input mechanical systems: Analysis and experiments
Authors: Zamora‐Gómez Griselda I. , Zavala‐Río Arturo , Vázquez‐Ramírez Emilio , Reyes Fernando , Santibáñez Víctor 
Published: April 2020

SummaryThe closed‐loop analysis of a recently proposed continuous scheme for the finite‐time or exponential tracking control of constrained‐input mechanical systems is reformulated under the consideration of an input‐matching bounded perturbation term. This is motivated by the poor number of works devoted to support the so‐cited argument claiming that continuous finite‐time controllers are more robust than asymptotical (infinite‐time) ones under uncertainties and the limitations of their results. We achieve to analytically prove that, for a perturbation term with sufficiently small bound, the considered tracking continuous control scheme leads the closed‐loop error variable trajectories to get into an origin‐centered ball whose radius becomes smaller in the finite‐time convergence case, entailing smaller posttransient variations than in the exponential case. Moreover, this is shown to be achieved for any initial condition, avoiding to restrain any of the parameters involved in the control design, and under the suitable consideration of the nonautonomous nature of the closed loop. The study is further corroborated through experimental tests on a multi‐degree‐of‐freedom robotic manipulator, which do not only confirm the analytical result but also explore the scope or limitations of its conclusions under adverse perturbation conditions.
Rheoreaction impacts dispersal of fish larvae in restored rivers
Authors: Glas Martin , Tritthart Michael , Keckeis Hubert , Lechner Aaron , Liedermann Marcel , Habersack Helmut 
Published: April 2020

AbstractConnectivity of nurseries and spawning habitats for young of the year life stage is essential for successful recruitment of fish populations and therefore provides a key indicator for river restoration measures. Models for dispersal offer the potential to draw conclusions regarding restoration scenarios and to fill knowledge gaps about possible implications for fish populations. A newly developed rheoreaction‐based correlated random walk model (RCRW), in combination with a three‐dimensional numerical model and a non‐steady‐state particle tracing model, was applied for nase carp larvae (Chondrostoma nasus) before and after a restoration project on the river Danube, Austria. Spatio‐temporal patterns of dispersal of virtual larvae, attached with rheoreactive behaviour, were analysed within both scenarios. In comparison to the heavily modified river reach, the restored reach enabled a greater amount of upstream movement from the release site and showed a generally higher variability of spatio‐temporal distribution patterns. In contrast, estimated total settlement of rheoreactive larvae was substantially higher for the situation prior to the restoration measure. By comparing model results with a previously field experiment it was found that model simulations including rheoreaction as a single behaviour for navigation could not explain the whole pattern of larval dispersal. Therefore it is highly recommended for future studies to develop larval dispersal models by considering other factors (i.e., behaviour, bio‐energetics and environmental factors) of existing and future individual‐based models, which could serve as a tool to analyse the effect of restoration measures for recruitment of riverine fish populations.
Enzyme‐Assisted Cyclic Signal Amplification by Using Carbon Nanomaterials for Hg2+ Detection
Authors: Liu Wei , Yang Lijuan , Yu Kaili , Li Yongyang 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA novel and simple fluorescence method for Hg2+ recognition and detection has been developed based on T‐Hg2+‐T complex and exonuclease III (Exo III) assisted cyclic signal amplification. Graphene oxide (GO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were used to quench the fluorescence FAM‐labelled single strand DNA (FAM‐ssDNA). The optimum conditions, including GO and CNTs concentrations, enzyme concentration and enzymatic hydrolysis time, were studied. The linear range, regression equation and metal ion selectivity were further studied and compared. The recovery rates of Hg2+ in tap water and urine were between 93.83–103.5%.
I2‐Initiated Reduction of α‐Ketoesters with a Hydrosilane
Authors: Jiang Jin , Xiao Lili 
Published: April 2020

AbstractMolecular iodine is widely used because of its environmental friendliness and easy operation. In this work, a novel reduction system involved molecular iodine and a hydrosilane for the reduction of α‐ketoesters to the corresponding α‐hydroxy esters has been developed. And the I2‐HSiEt3 system showed its mild reaction conditions and high efficiency.
Fabrication of High‐Performance Palladium Supported on Activated Charcoal Nanocatalyst for Synthesis of Morphine Opioid Analgesics
Authors: Nazari Behzad , Mousavi Sajjad , Keshavarz Mohammad H. , Bordbar Abdol‐Khalegh 
Published: April 2020

AbstractHigh‐performance palladium supported on activated charcoal (Pd/ACH) is an important nanocatalyst for the synthesis of different types of opioid analgesics. In this work, the Pd/ACH nanocatalysts are fabricated by a suitable method using the chemical reduction with ethylene glycol (EG), 1‐propanol, ethanol, and methanol, which act as reducing, stabilizing, and dispersing agents. Since this method does not require surfactants and reducing agents that are hazardous to the environment and human health, it is an environmentally friendly method. The activity of produced nanocatalysts was determined by catalytic hydrogenation of 14‐hydroxynormorphinone to noroxymorphone because noroxymorphone is the key active metabolite of oxycodone, noroxycodone, and oxymorphone. Among catalysts, it is specified that nanocatalyst prepared by EG (Pd/ACHEG) has the highest activity. The effect of the EG for increasing the rate of Pd reduction is related to its high boiling point, which results in a decrease in particle size. The results of the reusability of the Pd/ACHEG nanocatalyst show that the activity of nanocatalyst is reduced by 12 % after four runs. Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), x‐ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and H2 chemisorption analyses were used for the analysis of Pd/ACH nanocatalysts.
1,3‐Diisopropylcarbodiimide‐Mediated Synthesis of Disulfides from Thiols
Authors: Yue Huaxin , Wang Jiahui , Xie Zhihong , Tian Juan , Sang Dayong , Liu Shengpeng 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBy using 1,3‐diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC) as a promoter, an efficient method for the synthesis of disulfides from thiols has been developed. This method provides a convenient access to symmetrical diaryl disulfides bearing various substituents including methyl, tert‐butyl, methoxy and halogen groups in good to excellent yields. Alkyl mercaptans such as benzyl mercaptan, 2‐phenylethylmercaptan and furfuryl mercaptan afford the corresponding disulfides in moderate to good yields. 1‐(tert‐Butyl)‐2‐(p‐tolyl)disulfane, an unsymmetrical disulfide, has also been prepared in very good yield by treating p‐tolyl disulfide or p‐thiocresol with excess 2‐methyl‐2‐propanethiol under the optimum conditions.
Synthesis of Functionalised Chromonyl‐pyrimidines and Their Potential as Antimycobacterial Agents
Authors: Santoso Kristiana T. , Brett Matthew W. , Cheung Chen‐Yi , Cook Gregory M. , Stocker Bridget L. , Timmer Mattie S. M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractDrug‐resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are on the rise and have resulted in an urgent need to develop new tuberculosis (TB) drugs. Herein, the development of chromonyl‐pyrimidines as a new TB drug scaffold is presented. A library of eleven chromonyl‐pyrimidines was synthesised, from which lead compound 6‐((2‐amino‐6‐methylpyrimidin‐4‐yl)amino)‐3‐benzoyl‐2‐phenyl‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one (MIC=36 μM against M. tuberculosis) was identified. A second‐generation library of seven aryl‐substituted chromonyl‐pyrimidines was then prepared, with six chromonyl‐pyrimidines exhibiting an improved M. tuberculosis growth inhibition (MIC=12.5 μM). From this work, the potential of chromonyl‐pyrimidines as therapeutics for TB is demonstrated.
Hydroxyapatite‐supported Manganese Oxides as Efficient Non‐noble‐metal Catalysts for Selective Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols
Authors: Chen Bo , Zhao Zengbing , Zhang Yuanchun , Zhao Yili , Liu Fei , Cheng Lanxing 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn this article, hydroxyapatites (HAPs) with different Ca/P ratios have been synthesized as the supports to prepare the MnOx/HAP catalysts for the aerobic oxidation of alcohols. The catalytic activity is strongly influenced by the Ca/P ratio and the calcination temperature as they can affect the acid and basic properties and oxidation state of MnOx of the catalysts. The optimized catalyst MnOx/HAP‐10 can catalyze various primary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes selectively with excellent conversion (up to 100 %), and can be easily recovered and reused at least four times without any appreciable loss of activity.
Adoption of blockchain technology in various realms: Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Akram Shaik V. , Malik Praveen K. , Singh Rajesh , Anita Gehlot , Tanwar Sudeep 
Published: April 2020

AbstractOur society is becoming “smarter” and more interconnected, as evidenced by technological trends such as smart farming, smart healthcare, supply chain and logistics, and smart city and nation. Security and privacy are two major key considerations in these smart applications, such as blockchain‐based security solutions for Industry 4.0‐based applications (the focus of this study). In this study, we present a systematic review of existing blockchain‐based solutions, particularly for Industry 4.0‐based applications. We present the merits and demerits of various state‐of‐the‐art approaches. We also highlight the challenges of the blockchain with the scope of interoperability and governance so that this gives a clear understanding to researchers and professionals.
A new algorithm to find monic irreducible polynomials over extended Galois field GF(pq) using positional arithmetic
Authors: Dey Sankhanil , Chakrabarti Amlan , Ghosh Ranjan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSearch for monic irreducible polynomials (IPs) over extended Galois field GF(pq) for a large value of the prime moduli p and a large extension to the Galois Field q is a well‐needed solution in the field of cryptography. In this article, a new algorithm to obtain monic IPs over extended Galois field GF(pq) for the large values of p and q is introduced. Here in this paper the positional arithmetic is used to multiply all possible two monic elemental polynomials (EPs) with their Galois field number (GFN) to generate all the monic reducible polynomials (RPs). All the monic RPs are canceled out from the list of monic basic polynomials (BPs) leaving behind all the monic IPs. Time complexity analysis of the said algorithm is also executed that ensures the algorithm to be less time consuming.
Starch‐Based Multilayer with pH‐Responsive Behavior Driven by Whey Protein Concentrate: The Effect of Starch Conformation
Authors: Chang Shing‐Yun , Lai Hsi‐Mei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractRelatively high‐branched cationic (NCS) and linear cationic starches (HCS) are prepared, to construct multilayers with whey protein concentrate (WPC) via layer‐by‐layer (LbL) deposition. As expected, the pH responsive behavior of the multilayers is observed to depend on the charge reversal of WPC. The build‐up and break‐down of multilayers differ with the conformation of the cationic starches. WPC tends to be trapped in the NCS layers, while WPC adsorbs onto the HCS layer and increases the coverage laterally. Despite the strong screening effect of salt in 0.1 m NaCl, both multilayers show a significant structural change at pH < pI (4.3) of WPC due to the emergent repulsive force in the multilayers. The HCS‐based multilayer shows a clear structural dissociation, while the NCS‐based multilayer undergoes a structural disruption along with swelling of the entangled NCS layers. Finally, anthocyanins are post‐loaded into the NCS‐based multilayer and their pH‐dependent release is in agreement with the structural integrity driven by WPC. Given the rapid pH response and the feasible post‐loading technique, the potential of such multilayers to act as pH‐triggered active coatings is evident.
Evaluation of concrete containing waste plastic shredded fibers: Ductility properties
Authors: Jain Abhishek , Siddique Salman , Gupta Trilok , Jain Sudhir , Sharma Ravi K. , Chaudhary Sandeep 
Published: April 2020

AbstractApplication of concrete for pavement and barrier purposes demands ample energy absorption capacity and impact resistance characteristics. These attributes were investigated for concrete produced by using waste plastic shredded fibers (WPSF), which were obtained by shredding waste plastic bags. The WPSF were incorporated in concrete at an amount of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 5.0% by weight of concrete. The strength (compressive and impact), and the ability to absorb the energy of concrete samples incorporating WPSF were evaluated. Additionally, empirical relations were also developed between WPSF fraction and compressive strength; WPSF fraction and impact energy for the first crack; WPSF fraction and impact energy for final failure; and WPSF fraction and energy absorption capacity using regression analysis method. The outcomes of the tests showed that there was a systematic decline in compressive strength of concrete on the inclusion of WPSF. However, superior energy absorption capacity and higher resistance to impact of concrete specimens were observed on the inclusion of WPSF. It was thus concluded that WPSF could be incorporated in concrete up to certain level for producing sustainable concrete pavement and barrier.
Localizing resource insecurities: A biocultural perspective on water and wellbeing
Authors: Brewis Alexandra A. , Piperata Barbara , Thompson Amanda L. , Wutich Amber 
Published: April 2020

AbstractA biocultural approach provides an emerging framework for clarifying the mechanisms that connect water security to human health and wellbeing. Five basic tenets of the biocultural approach are outlined: The focus on the local, the centrality of culture, the notion of embodied disadvantage, a concern with proximate mechanisms as a means to test theorized pathways, and recognition of intersecting and potentially amplified (syndemic) risks. From a review of both new and dispersed biocultural literature on household water, four key themes emerge: (a) individual vulnerabilities to the biological effects of water insecurity are shaped by cultural practices; (b) water insecurity is a powerful biocultural stressor on mental health; (c) water insecurity mediates between low power and worse health within communities, and through multiple mechanisms; (d) the household is a nexus for food–water interactions, each likely worsening each other and health through syndemic relationships. This sets an agenda for a biocultural approach to the household as a localizing nexus for manifesting the very human costs to mental and physical health of managing under conditions of extreme household resource insecurity.This article is categorized under:Engineering of Water > Planning WaterHuman Water > Water GovernanceHuman Water > Water as Imagined and Represented
Biodiversity, Species Protection, and Animal Welfare Under International Law
Authors: Futhazar Guillaume 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe chapter explores the influence of the concept of animal welfare on international biodiversity law. A close examination of the recent evolution of this branch of international law shows that animal welfare has an ambivalent place in biodiversity-related agreements. Indeed, while welfare is only a faint consideration in the development of international regimes dealing with biodiversity as a whole, the concept has become an essential element for agreements dealing with the conservation of specific endangered species. Despite its role in these agreements, the place of animal welfare in international biodiversity law highlights that this corpus of rules is currently insufficient to be an effective tool for the protection of wildlife welfare. The last section of this study suggests that the adoption of international rules aiming at ensuring the protection of wild animals’ welfare could serve the double purpose of strengthening the conservation purpose of biodiversity regimes while also filling the welfare gap of international biodiversity law.
Cohomological Hall algebras for Higgs torsion sheaves, moduli of triples and sheaves on surfaces
Authors: Minets Alexandre 
Published: April 2020

AbstractFor any free oriented Borel–Moore homology theoryA, we construct an associative product on theA-theory of the stack of Higgs torsion sheaves over a projective curveC. We show that the resulting algebra$$A\mathbf{Ha}_C^0$$AHaC0admits a natural shuffle presentation, and prove it is faithful whenAis replaced with usual Borel–Moore homology groups. We also introduce moduli spaces of stable triples, heavily inspired by Nakajima quiver varieties, whoseA-theory admits an$$A\mathbf{Ha}_C^0$$AHaC0-action. These triples can be interpreted as certain sheaves on$$\mathbb {P}_C(\omega _C\oplus \mathcal {O}_C)$$PC(ωC⊕OC). In particular, we obtain an action of$$A\mathbf{Ha}_C^0$$AHaC0on the cohomology of Hilbert schemes of points on$$T^*C$$T∗C.