bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance-advantaged ether diesel bioblendstock production by a priori design
Authors: Huq Nabila A. , Huo Xiangchen , Hafenstine Glenn R. , Tifft Stephen M. , Stunkel Jim , Christensen Earl D. , Fioroni Gina M. , Fouts Lisa , McCormick Robert L. , Cherry Patrick A. , McEnally Charles S. , Pfefferle Lisa D. , Wiatrowski Matthew R. , Benavides P. Thathiana , Biddy Mary J. , Connatser Raynella M. , Kass Michael D. , Alleman Teresa L. , St. John Peter C. , Kim Seonah , Vardon Derek R. 
Published: December 2019

Significance
The development of market-ready biofuels requires advantaged performance, minimal environmental impact, infrastructure compatibility, and economic feasibility. Here, we leverage conventional and emerging fuel property prediction tools to evaluate a priori the merit of a biobased ether. Continuous ether production was achieved through development of a high-yielding catalytic process. Sufficient quantities of ether were produced to demonstrate improved autoignition quality and reduced intrinsic sooting tendency when blended into petrodiesel, while maintaining infrastructure compatibility. Storage stability was also confirmed upon addition of a common fuel antioxidant. Initial process analysis suggests economic viability and reduced greenhouse gas emissions relative to petrodiesel. Collectively, this work provides an exemplary approach for developing advantaged, derisked biofuels that accounts for performance, environmental impact, and production needs.
Temperature-independent thermal radiation
Authors: Shahsafi Alireza , Roney Patrick , Zhou You , Zhang Zhen , Xiao Yuzhe , Wan Chenghao , Wambold Raymond , Salman Jad , Yu Zhaoning , Li Jiarui , Sadowski Jerzy T. , Comin Riccardo , Ramanathan Shriram , Kats Mikhail A. 
Published: December 2019

Significance
Conventional wisdom states that the hotter an object is, the brighter it glows. This is the case for thermal light at any wavelength and enables applications such as infrared imaging and noncontact thermometry. We demonstrate a coating that emits the same amount of thermal radiation irrespective of temperature, within a temperature range of about 30 °C. This is accomplished using samarium nickel oxide—a quantum material that changes strongly but gradually as a function of temperature. This is the first time that temperature-independent thermal radiation has been demonstrated, and has substantial implications for infrared camouflage, privacy shielding, and radiative heat transfer.
Evidence for the stability of ultrahydrous stishovite in Earth’s lower mantle
Authors: Lin Yanhao , Hu Qingyang , Meng Yue , Walter Michael , Mao Ho-Kwang 
Published: December 2019

SignificanceThe great abundance of water on Earth’s surface makes it different from other terrestrial planets, and it may be linked to a deep interior water cycle. How water is transported into Earth’s deep interior and in which phases it is held are still a matter of much debate. Stishovite is known as a major component of subducted oceanic basalt, and recent experiments have reported that it can incorporate significant amounts of water in its crystal structure. Here, we show that, at the pressure–temperature conditions of a mantle geotherm, stishovite may be a key phase for transporting water into the deep mantle, providing important information on the water cycle in the deep earth.
Neutralization of IL-1α ameliorates Crohn’s disease-like ileitis by functional alterations of the gut microbiome
Authors: Menghini Paola , Corridoni Daniele , Buttó Ludovica F. , Osme Abdullah , Shivaswamy Sushma , Lam Minh , Bamias Giorgos , Pizarro Theresa T. , Rodriguez-Palacios Alexander , Dinarello Charles A. , Cominelli Fabio 
Published: December 2019

Significance
Here we demonstrate that IL-1α neutralization reduces the severity of disease in a mouse model of Crohn’s disease. Unexpectedly, IL-1α neutralization exerts its antiinflammatory effects by modulating the gut microbial ecosystem, and corrected the mucosal dysbiosis. Although studies report that the gut microbiome affects cytokine production, few have shown that specific neutralization of a pivotal cytokine such as IL-1α alters the composition and function of the gut microbiome. The study demonstrates a predictive relationship between IL-1α neutralization and abundance of specific bacterial species. The findings have translational significance, since IL-1α treatment prevented DSS-induced mucosal dysbiosis and preserved immunological homeostasis. These preclinical findings support the therapeutic potential of IL-1α neutralization in patients with IBD.
Mitigating elastic effects in marine 3-D full-waveform inversion
Authors: Agudo Òscar Calderón , da Silva Nuno Vieira , Stronge George , Warner Michael 
Published: December 2019

SUMMARYThe potential of full-waveform inversion (FWI) to recover high-resolution velocity models of the subsurface has been demonstrated in the last decades with its application to field data. But in certain geological scenarios, conventional FWI using the acoustic wave equation fails in recovering accurate models due to the presence of strong elastic effects, as the acoustic wave equation only accounts for compressional waves. This becomes more critical when dealing with land data sets, in which elastic effects are generated at the source and recorded directly by the receivers. In marine settings, in which sources and receivers are typically within the water layer, elastic effects are weaker but can be observed most easily as double mode conversions and through their effect on P-wave amplitudes. Ignoring these elastic effects can have a detrimental impact on the accuracy of the recovered velocity models, even in marine data sets. Ideally, the elastic wave equation should be used to model wave propagation, and FWI should aim to recover anisotropic models of velocity for P waves (vp) and S waves (vs). However, routine three-dimensional elastic FWI is still commercially impractical due to the elevated computational cost of modelling elastic wave propagation in regions with low S-wave velocity near the seabed. Moreover, elastic FWI using local optimization methods suffers from cross-talk between different inverted parameters. This generally leads to incorrect estimation of subsurface models, requiring an estimate of vp/vs that is rarely known beforehand. Here we illustrate how neglecting elasticity during FWI for a marine field data set that contains especially strong elastic heterogeneities can lead to an incorrect estimation of the P-wave velocity model. We then demonstrate a practical approach to mitigate elastic effects in 3-D yielding improved estimates, consisting of using a global inversion algorithm to estimate a model of vp/vs, employing matching filters to remove elastic effects from the field data, and performing acoustic FWI of the resulting data set. The quality of the recovered models is assessed by exploring the continuity of the events in the migrated sections and the fit of the latter with the recovered velocity model.
Potential Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Condomless-Sex–Concentrated PrEP in KwaZulu-Natal Accounting for Drug Resistance
Authors: Phillips Andrew N , Cambiano Valentina , Johnson Leigh , Nakagawa Fumiyo , Homan Rick , Meyer-Rath Gesine , Rehle Thomas , Tanser Frank , Moyo Sizulu , Shahmanesh Maryam , Castor Delivette , Russell Elizabeth , Jamieson Lise , Bansi-Matharu Loveleen , Shroufi Amir , Barnabas Ruanne V , Parikh Urvi M , Mellors John W , Revill Paul 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Introduction
Oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in the form of tenofovir-disoproxil-fumarate/emtricitabine is being implemented in selected sites in South Africa. Addressing outstanding questions on PrEP cost-effectiveness can inform further implementation.

Methods
We calibrated an individual-based model to KwaZulu-Natal to predict the impact and cost-effectiveness of PrEP, with use concentrated in periods of condomless sex, accounting for effects on drug resistance. We consider (1) PrEP availability for adolescent girls and young women aged 15–24 years and female sex workers, and (2) availability for everyone aged 15–64 years. Our primary analysis represents a level of PrEP use hypothesized to be attainable by future PrEP programs.

Results
In the context of PrEP use in adults aged 15–64 years, there was a predicted 33% reduction in incidence and 36% reduction in women aged 15–24 years. PrEP was cost-effective, including in a range of sensitivity analyses, although with substantially reduced (cost) effectiveness under a policy of ART initiation with efavirenz- rather than dolutegravir-based regimens due to PrEP undermining ART effectiveness by increasing HIV drug resistance.

Conclusions
PrEP use concentrated during time periods of condomless sex has the potential to substantively impact HIV incidence and be cost-effective.
Does age have an impact on acute mountain sickness? A systematic review
Authors: Gianfredi Vincenza , Albano Luciana , Basnyat Buddha , Ferrara Pietro 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAcute mountain sickness (AMS) is the most common form of illness at high altitude; however, it is still unclear whether age is a protective factor or a risk factor for the development of AMS in travellers. In recent decades, the number of travellers aged 60 years or older is increasing. Thus, the care of older travellers is a long-standing issue in travel medicine. This study aims to systematically review the current state of knowledge related to the effect of old age on the risk of AMS. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used, and the following databases were consulted: PubMed/Medline, Embase, Europe PubMed Central (EuropePMC), World Health Organization Library Database (WHOLIS) and Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). The search yielded a total of 532 articles, of which 25 met the inclusion criteria, corresponding to 26 reports. Although the approaches, methods and quality were heterogeneous among the included studies, 12 reported a negative correlation between AMS prevalence and age, 11 detected no relationship and three papers indicated that the age of AMS subjects was significantly higher than controls. Despite these differences, old age does not seem to be a contraindication for travelling at high altitude. Thus, the presented synthesis will be useful for health professionals in travel medicine to better tailor their appropriate care for older adults who travel to destinations at high altitude.
Cosmological simulations of massive black hole seeds: predictions for next-generation electromagnetic and gravitational wave observations
Authors: DeGraf C , Sijacki D 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACT
We study how statistical properties of supermassive black holes depend on the frequency and conditions for massive seed formation in cosmological simulations of structure formation. We develop a novel method to recalculate detailed growth histories and merger trees of black holes within the framework of the Illustris simulation for several seed formation models, including a physically motivated model where black hole seeds only form in progenitor galaxies that conform to the conditions for direct collapse black hole formation. While all seed models considered here are in a broad agreement with present observational constraints on black hole populations from optical, UV, and X-ray studies, we find that they lead to widely different black hole number densities and halo occupation fractions, which are currently observationally unconstrained. In terms of future electromagnetic spectrum observations, the faint-end quasar luminosity function and the low-mass-end black hole–host galaxy scaling relations are very sensitive to the specific massive seed prescription. Specifically, the direct collapse model exhibits a seeding efficiency that decreases rapidly with cosmic time and produces much fewer black holes in low-mass galaxies, in contrast to the original Illustris simulation. We further find that the total black hole merger rate varies by more than one order of magnitude for different seed models, with the redshift evolution of the chirp mass changing as well. Supermassive black hole merger detections with LISA and International Pulsar Timing Array may hence provide the most direct means of constraining massive black hole seed formation in the early Universe.
Climate bistability of Earth-like exoplanets
Authors: Murante Giuseppe , Provenzale Antonello , Vladilo Giovanni , Taffoni Giuliano , Silva Laura , Palazzi Elisa , Hardenberg Jost von , Maris Michele , Londero Elisa , Knapic Cristina , Zorba Sonia 
Published: December 2019

ABSTRACTBefore about 500 million years ago, most probably our planet experienced temporary snowball conditions, with continental and sea ices covering a large fraction of its surface. This points to a potential bistability of Earth’s climate that can have at least two different (statistical) equilibrium states for the same external forcing (i.e. solar radiation). Here, we explore the probability of finding bistable climates in Earth-like exoplanets and consider the properties of planetary climates obtained by varying the semimajor orbital axis (thus, received stellar radiation), eccentricity and obliquity, and atmospheric pressure. To this goal, we use the Earth-like planet surface temperature model (ESTM), an extension of one-dimensional Energy Balance Models developed to provide a numerically efficient climate estimator for parameter sensitivity studies and long climatic simulations. After verifying that the ESTM is able to reproduce Earth climate bistability, we identify the range of parameter space where climate bistability is detected. An intriguing result of this work is that the planetary conditions that support climate bistability are remarkably similar to those required for the sustenance of complex, multicellular life on the planetary surface. The interpretation of this result deserves further investigation, given its relevance for the potential distribution of life in exoplanetary systems.
Eccentric Training Changes the Pressure Pain and Stiffness Maps of the Upper Trapezius in Females with Chronic Neck-Shoulder Pain: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Heredia-Rizo Alberto Marcos , Petersen Kristian Kjær , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Madeleine Pascal 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveBetween 50% and 67% of adults suffer from neck-shoulder pain, which may be associated with increased stiffness of neck muscles. We assessed pressure pain sensitivity and muscle stiffness maps of the upper trapezius in female computer users with and without chronic neck-shoulder pain and investigated the effects of eccentric training on females with neck-shoulder pain.DesignCross-sectional (part 1) and open-label (part 2) study.SettingUniversity.SubjectsTwenty females with neck-shoulder pain were compared with 20 controls (part 1). In part 2, neck-shoulder pain participants followed a five-week unilateral upper trapezius eccentric training program.MethodsTopographical maps of pressure pain thresholds (pressure algometer) and muscle stiffness (myotonometer), using a 15-point grid covering myotendinous and muscle belly sites, and shoulder elevation force and range of elevation (dynamometer) were assessed at baseline and after training.ResultsThere were no differences in pressure pain thresholds between sites (P = 0.243) or groups (P = 0.068), and there were significant differences in stiffness between myotendinous and muscle belly sites (P &lt; 0.001) but not groups (P = 0.273). After training, pressure pain thresholds increased, stiffness decreased (P &lt; 0.005), and shoulder elevation force and range of elevation improved (P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsThe lack of differences in upper trapezius pressure pain sensitivity and stiffness between females with or without neck-shoulder pain confirms no clear etiology among computer users reporting neck-shoulder pain. A five-week eccentric training protocol showed positive effects on pressure pain sensitivity, stiffness, shoulder force, and range of motion.
Fear Avoidance Beliefs and Kinesiophobia Are Presented in Athletes who Suffer from Gastrocnemius Chronic Myofascial Pain
Authors: San-Antolín Marta , Rodríguez-Sanz David , Vicente-Campos Davinia , Palomo-López Patricia , Romero-Morales Carlos , Benito-de-Pedro María , López-López Daniel , Calvo-Lobo César 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Objective
To compare and predict kinesiophobia and fear avoidance beliefs between athletes with gastrocnemius myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) and healthy athletes.

Design
Case–control.

Setting
Outpatient clinic.

Subjects
Fifty athletes were divided into athletes with chronic gastrocnemius MPS (N = 25) and healthy athletes (N = 25).

Methods
Kinesiophobia symptoms total and domain scores (harm and activity avoidance) and levels were determined by the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Fear avoidance beliefs total and domain scores (physical and working activities) were measured by the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ).

Results
Significant differences (P &lt; 0.05) with a large effect size (d = 0.81–4.22) were found between both groups, with greater kinesiophobia symptom scores for the TSK-11 activity avoidance domain and total scores, and greater fear avoidance beliefs scores for the FABQ physical and working activities domains and total scores of athletes with gastrocnemius MPS with respect to healthy athletes. TSK-11 total score showed a prediction model (R2 = 0.256) based on the FABQ total score. The FABQ total score showed a prediction model (R2 = 0.741) based on gastrocnemius MPS presence (R2 = 0.665), levels of kinesiophobia (R2 = 0.052), and height (R2 = 0.025).

Conclusions
Greater kinesiophobia levels, greater total and activity avoidance domain scores (but not for the harm domain), and greater fear avoidance beliefs total and domain scores (work and physical activity) were shown for athletes with gastrocnemius MPS vs healthy athletes. Higher kinesiophobia symptoms were predicted by greater fear avoidance beliefs in athletes. Greater fear avoidance beliefs were predicted by the presence of gastrocnemius MPS, higher levels of kinesiophobia, and lower height in athletes.
Clough, Emerson, and Knowingness
Authors: McGhee Fergus 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The poetry of Arthur Hugh Clough has tended to be read in dialogue with the writings of his friend and critic, Matthew Arnold. This essay explores how bringing Clough’s work into conversation with that of a very different friend, Ralph Waldo Emerson, offers to cast his intellectual affinities and poetic technique in a new light. Interweaving close readings of Clough’s verse with detailed attention to the essays he is known to have read and admired, I trace how Clough adapts and revises Emerson’s critique of ‘knowingness’. Beginning by tracing the history of this term in nineteenth-century literature and culture, I argue that Clough’s Dipsychus shapes an Emersonian ethic and aesthetic of encounter as an alternative to complacent and proprietorial forms of knowing. Turning to the rest of Clough’s oeuvre, especially Amours de Voyage, I then consider how fantasies of the future are central to what it means to be knowing about oneself, and examine how Clough applies poetic pressure to Emerson’s conviction that ‘A man … never rises so high as when he knows not whither he is going’.
Association of Diabetes and Other Clinical and Sociodemographic Factors With Guideline-concordant Breast Cancer Treatment for Breast Cancer
Authors: Gold Heather T. , Shao Huibo , Oratz Ruth , Yu Onchee , Hammer Marilyn , Richardson Stephen , Boudreau Denise 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Women with breast cancer have worse health outcomes with co-occurring type 2 diabetes, possibly due to suboptimal breast cancer treatment.

Methods:
We created a cohort of women ages 66 to 85 y with stage I to III breast cancer from 1993 to 2012 from an integrated health care delivery system (n=1612) and fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries (n=98,915), linked to Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data (total n=100,527). We evaluated associations between type 2 diabetes and other factors with undergoing guideline-concordant cancer treatment. We estimated χ2 tests for univariate analysis and relative risks (RRs) using multivariable log-binomial models for outcomes of (1) overall guideline-concordant treatment, (2) definitive surgical therapy (mastectomy or lumpectomy with radiation), (3) chemotherapy if indicated, and (4) endocrine therapy.

Results:
Our cohort included 60% of subjects with stage 1 tumors, one quarter below 70 years old, 23% had diabetes, 35% underwent overall guideline-concordant treatment, 24% chemotherapy, and 83% endocrine therapy. Women with diabetes were less likely to undergo overall guideline-concordant treatment (RR: 0.96; 95% confidence interval: 0.94-0.98), and only slightly less likely to undergo guideline-concordant definitive surgical therapy (RR: 0.99; 95% confidence interval: 0.99-1.00). No differences were found for chemotherapy or endocrine therapy. Other factors significantly associated with a lower risk of guideline-concordant care were cancer stages II to III (vs. I; RR=0.47-0.69, P<0.0001), older age (vs. 66 to 69 y; RR=0.56-0.90, P<0.0001), higher comorbidity burden, and Medicaid dual-eligibility.

Conclusions:
Diabetes was associated with lower adherence to overall guideline-concordant breast cancer treatment. However, higher stage, older age, higher comorbidity burden, and Medicaid insurance were more strongly associated with lower use of guideline-concordant treatment. Given the heavy burden of breast cancer and diabetes, long-term outcomes analysis should consider guideline-concordant treatment.

Impact:
Other factors besides diabetes are more strongly associated with guideline-concordant breast cancer treatment.
Effects of menopause on sleep quality and sleep disorders: Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging
Authors: Zolfaghari Sheida , Yao Chun , Thompson Cynthia , Gosselin Nadia , Desautels Alex , Dang-Vu Thien Thanh , Postuma Ronald B. , Carrier Julie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Objectives:
Sleep complaints are common during the menopause transition. However, it is difficult to disentangle changes in sleep related to aging from those directly due to menopause. We compared sleep disorders in 45 to 60-year-old women in a large population-based study, according to menopausal status.

Methods:
Women aged between 45 and 60 years who self-reported menopausal status were selected from the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging, excluding those with prior hysterectomy. Participants completed assessments for overall sleep satisfaction, hours of daily sleep, sleep-onset insomnia, sleep-maintenance insomnia, daytime somnolence, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), restless leg syndrome (RLS), and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Each sleep variable was compared between postmenopausal and pre/perimenopausal women using multivariate regression, adjusting for potential confounders.

Results:
Among 6,179 women included, 3,713 (60.1%; age 55.7 ± 3.3 years) were postmenopausal and 2,466 (39.9%) were pre/perimenopausal (age 49.80 ± 3.1 years). Compared with pre/perimenopausal women, postmenopausal women were more often reported requiring ≥30 minutes to fall asleep (20.4% vs 15.5%; adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.53) and were more likely to meet criteria for possible sleep-onset insomnia disorder (10.8% vs 7.3%; AOR 1.51, 95% CI 1.07-2.12). Postmenopausal women were also more likely to screen positive for OSA (14.6% vs 10.4%; AOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.14-1.92). The two groups did not differ on sleep dissatisfaction (32.4% vs 29%), daytime somnolence disorder (1.6% vs 1.3%), sleep-maintenance insomnia disorder (17% vs 14.5%), RLS (23.5% vs 20.9%), or RBD (3.9% vs 4.0%).

Conclusions:
Menopause is associated with increased sleep-onset insomnia. Postmenopausal women also are more likely to screen positive for OSA. However, menopausal status is not associated with sleep maintenance, somnolence, or RLS, and RBD.

Video Summary:
http://links.lww.com/MENO/A501.