bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Significance of Traditional Medicinal Plants Used for Treating Non-communicable Disease by Kani Tribes in Papanasam, Tirunelveli District
Authors: Sathiya R. , Manoharan A. , Rajarajeshwari A. 
Published: October 2019

The significance of medicinal plants used by the ethnic group of people (Kani/Kanikaran) of Karaiyar, Papanasam through an ethnobotanical survey for treating Non-communicable diseases (NCD) is documented. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey. Sample size in the survey covers 30 tribal people (men-13, women-17) to analyse various factors and their relationship to the diseases. The survey has included the age range, diseases frequency, gender stats, occupation, BMI, habits and the medicinal practices used. It is estimated that 67% of people still use traditional means for the treatment of diseases. Major medicinal plants used are indigenous to their geographical area which revealed high esteem of ethnobotanical significance and proven to be an effective and sustainable means of treating Non-communicable diseases.
In vitro Activity of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam for the Treatment of Complicated Urinary Tract Infections by Escherichia coli in the Era of Antibiotic Resistance “Rejuvenate the mystery”
Authors: Farooq Lubna , Ahmed Shaikh Nadeem , Khan Muhammad Aitmaud Uddolah , Ali Akhtar , Mehmood Sehrish , Arif Humaira 
Published: October 2019

Background: Urinary tract infections are found to be commonest bacterial infections across the globe. Various studies have demonstrated high prevalence rate of UTIs in Pakistan. Multiple broad spectrum antibiotics are being used for the treatment of UTI but the resistance by the pathogen against these drugs is increasing worldwide. As the resistance in the organisms is increasing day by day, and it is now hall mark and matter of concern for clinicians to treat uropathogenic E. coli, so there is a pertinent need to explore new sensitive antibiotics or alternative options to manage the disease.
Aims: To determine the pathogen burden and susceptibility pattern of ceftolozane/tazobactam against MDR E. coli isolates from clinical specimens of urinary tract infections in Karachi.
Study Design: It was an in-vitro clinical study.
Study Settings: The study was conducted in department of Pharmacology, Baqai Medical University and isolates were collected from Microbiology laboratory of Karachi.
Methodology: On the basis of identification methods, one hundred and fifty (150) strains of E. coli were isolated from 650 specimen of urine. Clinical isolates were identified by standard and specific microbiological methods. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined by Kirby Bauer Disc diffusion method. Samples were processed as per procedures defined by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines 2018.
Results: Out of 150 isolates of E. coli, 95 (63.3%) were MDR E. coli. majority of the cases were obtained from age group 61-80 year (32.6%). Highest sensitivity was seen by ceftolozane/tazobactam (96%) followed by ceftriaxone (88%). Least sensitivity was observed with Imipenem (13.70%). However increased trend of resistance was seen among all empirical used drugs.
Hepatoprotective Effects of Suberoylanilide Hydroxamic Acid (A Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor) in Immunological Liver Injury in Rats
Authors: Alhaddad A. , Abdel Kawy H. , Ramadan W. , Abbas A. 
Published: October 2019

One of the main reasons for the development of chronic liver disease is autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). There is no clear etiological factor for AIH occurrence and no drug has been approved for its treatment. Vorinostat, a Histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) has been shown to reduce inflammation. Our aim was to explore the therapeutic potential of vorinostat in a rat model of AIH induced by Concanavalin A (Con A). The rats were randomly divided into 4 groups; control group, con A (20 mg/kg/iv/wk) group, vorinostat (15 mg/kg/day p.o) group and Con A with vorinostat group. Blood and liver samples were collected at the end of the fourth and eighth weeks for biochemical and histopathological examinations. Results revealed that administration of Con A elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) liver enzymes, which were reduced to 52.8% and to 61.8% respectively on simultaneous administration of Vorinostat as compare to Con A group. Furthermore, Vorinostat reduced fibrosis and diminished apoptosis as deduced by the decrease in the hepatic hydroxyproline content of the liver and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels. Relative gene expression analysis of interleukin 1b and transforming growth factor beta were significantly decreased in groups treated with vorinostat. Histopathological analysis showed that administration of vorinostat significantly restored the well organized structure of the liver, decreased initial inflammation produced by Con A, reduced liver fibrosis and mitigated hepatic stellate cell’s activities. In conclusion, administration of vorinostat in Con A model of autoimmune hepatitis, significantly decreased liver inflammation and fibrosis. So vorinostat might show a novel therapeutic approach for management of autoimmune hepatitis and its obstacles.
Frequency Tunable Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator Integrating PMN‐PT/FSMA Multiferroic Heterostructure for Flexible MEMS
Authors: Arora Diksha , Kaur Davinder 
Published: December 2024

AbstractFrequency tunable flexible piezo resonators exhibit significant potential for technological advances in wearable magnetic field sensing, futuristic wireless telecommunication devices, and flexible micro‐electromechanical systems. This study presents a multifunctional and flexible 0.67Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−0.33PbTiO3(PMN‐PT)/Ni50Mn35In15 (Ni‐Mn‐In) multiferroic heterostructure‐based bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator fabricated over Kapton substrate. The fundamental resonance frequency (fR = 5.31 GHz) of the resonator is tunable with magnetic and electric fields. A significant change in resonance frequency (ΔfR) of 405 MHz has been achieved with 3.37 Hz nT−1 sensitivity using a direct current (DC) magnetic field of 1200 Oe, attributed to the delta‐E effect. The resonator displays a significant magnetic field tunability of 8.83%. Additionally, a substantial ΔfR of 360 MHz, 36 Hz µV−1 sensitivity and 6.78% tunability is attained with 10 V of DC bias voltage. The impact of magnetic field and DC bias voltage on the acoustic characteristics have been studied by fitting the resonance frequency curves with an equivalent modified Butterworth‐Van Dyke model. The fabricated BAW resonator exhibits outstanding flexibility with no discernible change in fR up to 2000 bending cycles. Such PMN‐PT/Ni‐Mn‐In‐based multiferroic BAW resonators displaying magnetic and electric field tunability are propitious for next‐generation flexible electronics and magnetic field sensors.
Metal‐Free Visible‐Light‐Induced Direct Synthesis of Alkyl‐Substituted Phosphonodithioates from White Phosphorus (P4)
Authors: Wang Fengxiao , Zhang Xiyuan , Xu Jiaming , Shen Qitao , Jiang Bo , Miao Zhiwei 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe direct synthesis of organic phosphorus compounds from white phosphorus (P4) is a longstanding challenge in organic synthesis. Here, we present a novel visible light‐induced three‐component functionalization reaction that integrates P4, disulfide compounds, and N‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) esters to produce alkyl‐substituted phosphonodithioates in a one‐pot process. Using 2,4,5,6‐tetrakis(carbazol‐9‐yl)‐1,3‐dicyanobenzene (4CzIPN) as a photocatalyst, blue LEDs (456 nm) as the light source, and N,N‐diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) as the reducing agent in an acetone‐toluene solvent system, this method achieves moderate to good yields of structurally diverse phosphonodithioates. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions, ensures complete conversion of P4, avoids chlorination, and uses inexpensive, readily available starting materials, offering potential for large‐scale applications.
Proline‐Selective Electrochemiluminescence Detecting a Single Amino Acid Variation Between A1 and A2 β‐Casein Containing Milks
Authors: Kim Eunkyoung , Chen Chen‐Yu , Chu Monica J. , Hamstra Mya F. , Bentley William E. , Payne Gregory F. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe proline amino acid and prolyl residues of peptides/proteins confer unique biological and biochemical properties that motivates the development of proline‐selective analysis. The study focuses on one specific class of problem, the detection of single amino acid variants involving proline, and reports a Pro‐selective electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method. To develop this method, the A1‐/A2‐ variants of milk's β‐casein protein are investigated because it is a well‐established example and abundant samples are readily available. Specifically, β‐casein has 209 amino acids with 34 (or 35) proline residues: the A1‐variant has a Pro‐to‐His substitution at position 67 (relative to the A2 variant). The study shows that proline's strong luminescence allows the generic discrimination of: Pro from other amino acids; an A2‐oligopeptide from an A1‐oligopeptide; the A2‐β‐casein variant from the A1‐variant; and commercially‐available A2 milks from A1‐containing regular milks. The evidence indicates that luminescence depends on proline content and accessibility, as well as signal quenching. Compared to conventional immunoassays, the ECL method is simple, rapid, and inexpensive. Further, the ECL‐method is Pro‐selective (vs molecularly‐selective like typical immunoassays) which should make it broadly useful for studying the role of proline in biology and especially useful for tracking the digestion of proline‐rich proteins in the diet.
How do farmers respond to Workers' compensation insurance premiums, hazards, and claim contagion? Empirical evidence from Taiwan
Authors: Chang Hung‐Hao , Just David R. , Zilberman David 
Published: December 2024

AbstractWorkers' compensation benefits are of significant importance to employees generally, though relatively little is known about their application to agricultural workers. We examine how farmers respond to workers' compensation by exploiting the introduction of a unique Farmer Occupational Injury (FOI) program in Taiwan. The FOI provides farmers with income compensation for medical expenses, losses caused by temporary and permanent disability or death, and funeral expenses. We examine farmers' participation decisions and the timing of participation in the program. Using the individual‐level administrative records of the program and a two‐part econometric model, the estimated elasticities of the out‐of‐pocket insurance premium and environmental risk to FOI enrolled days are −0.36 and 0.27, respectively. Claim contagion, a form of moral hazard, has been discussed in the context of workers' compensation programs, though little prior work exists. Using aggregate township‐level panel data, we find evidence of the claim contagion effect. We find that a 1% increase in the cumulative compensation payments increases the number of claims filed in the following period by 0.14%. We also find significant claim contagion for temporary disability and funeral allowance claims, but not for permanent disability.
Assessing research output quality in agricultural economics
Authors: Kassas Bachir , Orivri Glory E. , Palma Marco A. , Ramirez Octavio 
Published: December 2024

AbstractA strong research program is crucial for academic faculty, as it influences promotions, tenure, salary raises, and professional recognitions/awards. We summarize relative journal rating/ranking metrics from multiple sources, and for selected journals commonly targeted by agricultural economists, to provide insights on their perceived value. We also present combined results from a survey, measuring perceptions of agricultural economists in the US regarding research quantity/quality expectations for tenure/promotion, and actual research metrics from CVs of faculty in US higher education institutions who recently received tenure. We hope this article provides useful insights for junior faculty to better understand the assessment of their research output.
Characterizing binary droplet collisions of power‐law fluids
Authors: Huijgen Arie H. , Durubal P. M. , Llamas Cristina García , Buist Kay A. , Kuipers J. A. M. (Hans) , Baltussen Maike W. 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThis study focuses on the dynamics of two equal‐sized droplets of non‐Newtonian liquids with simulations using the volume of fluid method and the local front reconstruction method. The non‐Newtonian behavior is implement via a power‐law model. The droplet interactions are performed for Weber numbers ranging from 20 to 300 and impact parameters from 0 to 0.6. Both methods produce similar results at low Weber numbers, while the disintegration of the droplets at high Weber numbers occurs via different mechanisms. Our results demonstrate that the boundaries of the collision maps are highly dependent on the power‐law index. Additionally, the diameter of the ring for head‐on collisions is increased with increasing Weber number and decreasing power‐law index, while the critical ligament length in off‐center collisions increases with Weber number and power‐law index.
Ultrafast synthesis and binder‐free fabrication of a monolithic metal–organic framework for efficient carbon capture
Authors: Ding Qi , Liu Yulong , Liu Jia , Cheng Jingyue , Zhang Zhaoqiang , Chai Kungang , Zhang Sui 
Published: December 2024

AbstractAchieving rapid synthesis alongside efficient shaping without sacrificing high porosity and crystallinity poses significant challenges for metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in practical applications. Here, we report an ultrafast, scalable method for preparing an ultramicroporous MOF at room temperature. This method achieves a space–time yield significantly higher than conventional MOF synthesis by orders of magnitude. As a result of strongly promoted crystal nucleation by careful selection of solvent and metal source, the MOF material is produced in a gel state offering both high crystallinity and processability. This allows for the binder‐free fabrication of monolithic adsorbents with predesigned macro shapes and sizes. Owing to its narrowly distributed pore size and high‐density open metal sites, the monolithic adsorbent demonstrates top‐tier selectivity for CO2/N2 (>200) and CO2/CH4 separations. The performance sets a new benchmark among current MOF xero‐ or aerogel monoliths. Breakthrough experiments further verify its robust ability for carbon capture under dynamic conditions.
The contact angle and structure of water on the graphite‐like substrate: A classical density functional approach
Authors: Sang Jiarong , Wei Feng , Jin Junsu 
Published: December 2024

AbstractThe influences of temperature and water−graphite interaction energy on the contact angle (θ) and structure of water on the graphite‐like substrate have been investigated using the classical density functional theory. We find that the temperature‐dependent behavior of cosθ is contingent upon the water−graphite interaction energy, manifesting in three distinct patterns: increasing, decreasing, or remaining nearly invariant with temperature within the examined range (273.16–640K). Furthermore, a novel simple equation has been derived to describe the temperature‐dependent variation of cosθ at constant water−graphite interaction energy, that is, , where is the water−vapor interfacial tension, and the value of depends on the water−graphite interaction energy. According to different values of , this equation is able to successfully represent the three aforementioned patterns. At last, the density profile and hydrogen bonding structure of water near the substrate have been analyzed to offer microscopic insights.
Phenological indicators of resources offered to leaf herbivores in restinga communities
Authors: da Silva Maiara Matilde , Boeger Maria Regina Torres , de Melo‐Júnior João Carlos Ferreira 
Published: December 2024

AbstractPremisePlants can limit the leaf tissue consumed by insect herbivores through chemical, structural, and nutritional leaf defenses or by escaping in space and time. Escaping is related to the phenological patterns of plants, which in turn respond to climatic factors. This study evaluated leaf production in a coastal plant community in southern Brazil to test the following hypotheses: (1) Leaves are continuously produced in this ecosystem, and (2) synchrony acts as an escape strategy from herbivory.MethodsWe evaluated leaf production patterns of 20 herbaceous, shrub, and tree species for 2 years using the Fournier index then measured leaf consumption in the second year. The Rayleigh test was used to verify the synchrony of phenological events. Correlations between leaf production and climatic factors and between leaf production synchrony and herbivory were analyzed.ResultsNew leaves were continuously produced at the plant community scale, but herbaceous and shrub species showed a phenological pattern distinct from that of tree species. Trees had peaks of synchrony in leaf production that were positively correlated with amount of leaf tissue consumed, refuting the hypothesis that synchrony acts as an escape strategy.ConclusionsThe phenological and herbivory patterns in this plant community may be due to the supply of resources in the soil and the composition of the insect community.
Cascading Water Activation and Interfacial Lattice Oxygen over Nanocluster CuOx‐Modified MnO2 for Electrocatalytic Propylene Oxidation
Authors: Cheng Ming , Lan Jintong , Sun Xiaoxian , Wang Fanyu , Tuerdi Ailijiang , Jia Falong , Guo Yanbing , Liu Xiao 
Published: December 2024

AbstractDirect electrooxidation of propylene using water‐oxidation intermediates represents a promising route for propylene glycol production. Unfortunately, this economic and environmentally friendly process suffers from low yield and poor Faradaic efficiency resulting from the mismatched oxidative capacity of reactive oxygen species and pronounced side reactions. Herein, we developed an earth‐abundant metal‐based nanocluster CuOx‐modified MnO2 catalyst for the efficient electrooxidation of propylene into propylene glycol, achieving a remarkable production rate of 63.0 g/m2/h and 95 % Faradaic efficiency at 1.3 V vs. Ag/AgCl. Mechanistic studies revealed that the oxygen vacancy‐mediated water activation on CuOx‐MnO2 in synergy with the activated interfacial lattice oxygen drove the propylene oxidation to a novel *OOH pathway rather than the traditional *OH route. Additionally, the interfacial interactions intensified the propylene adsorption and polarization for its activation. This work offers new insights into the mechanism of electrocatalytic propylene oxidation and presents great opportunities for the synthesis of commercial chemicals based on earth‐abundant metal catalysts and renewable electricity‐driven route.
Facilitating Rapid OH−/H2O Transport in Anion Exchange Membranes via Ultra‐Stable Heteroatom‐Free Micropores
Authors: Pang Maobin , Xu Ziang , Lin Dongcheng , Zhen Yihan , Tian Jiekang , Liu Jing , Xu Qin , Wang Baoguo 
Published: December 2024

AbstractEfficient OH− conduction in anion exchange membranes (AEMs) is pivotal for the advancement and industrialization of sustainable electrochemical technologies in alkaline environments, including water electrolysis, fuel cells, and CO2 electroreduction. We here designed AEMs with a novel class of rigid heteroatom‐free micropores (HFMs), engineered at the molecular level to facilitate rapid ionic transport in an ultra‐stable manner. By manipulating monomers, our design strategically controls the torsional angles and energy barriers within the polymeric backbones, creating sub‐nanometer ionic channels that precisely regulate porosity. These hydrophilic micropores significantly enhance the mobility of OH−/H2O, achieving over a 150 % increase in self‐diffusion coefficient compared to commercial AEMs and elevating OH− conductivity to a leading 215 mS cm−1 at 80 °C. Moreover, the robust carbon‐carbon bond construction in HFMs offers the stability that is four orders of magnitude higher under severe alkaline conditions compared to existing wisdoms, with a demonstrated operational lifespan of over 4000 hours. The integration of HFM‐AEMs into water electrolyzers not only supports the use of platinum group metal‐free catalysts but also exhibits exceptional energy efficiency and extended durability, highlighting their substantial potential for wide‐ranging applications in emerging electrochemical technologies.
Development of High Strength, High Water Resistant, Low‐Formaldehyde Emission Urea‐Formaldehyde Adhesive and Its Effect on the Properties of Wood Composites
Authors: Tian Wei , Feng Hongyu , Wang Xiaoyi , Wu Weijie , Zeng Shiyi , Zhu Yaqin , Wang Jiangbo , Ye Yuhang , Mei Changtong , Liu Yuanqiang , Lu Lihua , Jiang Shaohua , Han Xiaoshuai 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTUrea–formaldehyde (UF) resin adhesive is one of the most widely applied in wood composite materials. However, it suffers from issues related to low water resistance and elevated levels of formaldehyde emission. In this study, polyamide–epichlorohydrin resin (PAE) was used as a modifier and crosslinking agent to prepare modified UF resin adhesives with high strength and water resistance using low molar ratio UF resin. The interaction between PAE, UF, and wood surface and the effect of PAE on the chemical structure, thermal stability, bonding strength, water resistance, adhesive layer characteristics, and formaldehyde emission of UF adhesive were studied. Compared with the pure UF adhesive, after adding 5% PAE, the dry bonding strength reached 1.405 MPa, which was 20.70% higher than that of the pure UF adhesive. At the same time, the wet bonding strength reached 1.188 MPa, which was increased by 33.33%. In addition, the formaldehyde emission of the prepared plywood was less than 1.5 mg/L, which met the E1 standard. This work presents a novel approach to address the challenge of balancing water resistance and formaldehyde emissions in UF resin adhesives, expanding the industrial utilization of UF resin wood adhesives.
Association Between Dimensions of Pathological Object Relations and Right‐Wing Conservatism
Authors: Yalch Matthew M. 
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACTRight‐wing conservatism in the United States has many features of psychological interest that evoke the question of what factors might be associated with it. One factor that may be of particular interest to psychoanalytically oriented social scientists is object relations, pathology in which is often operationalized in terms of three dimensions (identity diffusion, primitive defenses, and problems in reality testing). There are reasons to expect that each of these three dimensions might be associated with contemporary right‐wing conservatism, although this has not yet received much empirical examination. In this study we address this issue, examining the association between dimensions of pathological object relations and right‐wing conservatism in a broad sample of U.S. residents (N = 392) using a partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Results suggest that primitive defenses and reality testing problems are positively, and identity diffusion is negatively, associated with right‐wing conservatism. These findings have implications for how we might understand right‐wing conservatism and dialogue with those identifying with it.