bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classification of cervical neoplasms on colposcopic photography using deep learning
Authors: Cho Bum-Joo , Choi Youn Jin , Lee Myung-Je , Kim Ju Han , Son Ga-Hyun , Park Sung-Ho , Kim Hong-Bae , Joo Yeon-Ji , Cho Hye-Yon , Kyung Min Sun , Park Young-Han , Kang Byung Soo , Hur Soo Young , Lee Sanha , Park Sung Taek 
Published: August 2020

AbstractColposcopy is widely used to detect cervical cancers, but experienced physicians who are needed for an accurate diagnosis are lacking in developing countries. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been recently used in computer-aided diagnosis showing remarkable promise. In this study, we developed and validated deep learning models to automatically classify cervical neoplasms on colposcopic photographs. Pre-trained convolutional neural networks were fine-tuned for two grading systems: the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) system and the lower anogenital squamous terminology (LAST) system. The multi-class classification accuracies of the networks for the CIN system in the test dataset were 48.6 ± 1.3% by Inception-Resnet-v2 and 51.7 ± 5.2% by Resnet-152. The accuracies for the LAST system were 71.8 ± 1.8% and 74.7 ± 1.8%, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) for discriminating high-risk lesions from low-risk lesions by Resnet-152 was 0.781 ± 0.020 for the CIN system and 0.708 ± 0.024 for the LAST system. The lesions requiring biopsy were also detected efficiently (AUC, 0.947 ± 0.030 by Resnet-152), and presented meaningfully on attention maps. These results may indicate the potential of the application of AI for automated reading of colposcopic photographs.
Kinetic modelling of myocardial necrosis biomarkers offers an easier, reliable and more acceptable assessment of infarct size
Authors: Chadet Stéphanie , Ternant David , Roubille François , Bejan-Angoulvant Theodora , Prunier Fabrice , Mewton Nathan , Paintaud Gilles , Ovize Michel , Dupuy Anne Marie , Angoulvant Denis , Ivanes Fabrice 
Published: August 2020

AbstractInfarct size is a major prognostic factor in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). It is often assessed using repeated blood sampling and the estimation of biomarker area under the concentration versus time curve (AUC) in translational research. We aimed at developing limited sampling strategies (LSS) to accurately estimate biomarker AUC using only a limited number of blood samples in STEMI patients. This retrospective study was carried out on pooled data from five clinical trials of STEMI patients (TIMI blood flow 0/1) studies where repeated blood samples were collected within 72 h after admission to assess creatine kinase (CK), cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and muscle-brain CK (CK-MB). Biomarker kinetics was assessed using previously described biomarker kinetic models. A number of LSS models including combinations of 1 to 3 samples were developed to identify sampling times leading to the best estimation of AUC. Patients were randomly assigned to either learning (2/3) or validation (1/3) subsets. Descriptive and predictive performances of LSS models were compared using learning and validation subsets, respectively. An external validation cohort was used to validate the model and its applicability to different cTnI assays, including high-sensitive (hs) cTnI. 132 patients had full CK and cTnI dataset, 49 patients had CK-MB. For each biomarker, 180 LSS models were tested. Best LSS models were obtained for the following sampling times: T4–16 for CK, T8–T20 for cTnI and T8–T16 for CK-MB for 2-sample LSS; and T4–T16–T24 for CK, T4–T12–T20 for cTnI and T8–T16–T20 for CK-MB for 3-sample LSS. External validation was achieved on 103 anterior STEMI patients (TIMI flow 0/1), and the cTnI model applicability to recommended hs cTnI confirmed. Biomarker kinetics can be assessed with a limited number of samples using kinetic modelling. This opens the way for substantial simplification of future cardioprotection studies, more acceptable for the patients.
Role of Al in Na-ZSM-5 zeolite structure on catalyst stability in butene cracking reaction
Authors: Auepattana-aumrung Chanon , Márquez Victor , Wannakao Sippakorn , Jongsomjit Bunjerd , Panpranot Joongjai , Praserthdam Piyasan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe Na-ZSM-5 catalysts (SiO2/Al2O3molar ratio = 20, 35, and 50) were prepared by rapid crystallization method to investigate their performance in butene cracking reaction. The XRD, XRF, NH3-TPD, FT-IR, TPO, UV–Vis, and1H,27Al,29Si MAS NMR techniques were used to identify the physical and chemical properties of Na-ZSM-5 catalysts. The silanol group (Si–OH) was the main acid site of Na-ZSM-5, and it was proposed to be the active site for the butene cracking reaction. The butene conversion and coke formation were associated with the abundance of silanol groups over the Na-ZSM-5 catalyst. The dealumination, resulting in the deformation of tetrahedral framework aluminum species was a key factor for Na-ZSM-5 catalyst deactivation, because of the Si–O–Al bond breaking and formation of Si–O–Si bond. The stability of the Si–O–Al bond was linked to the molar number of sodium since the Na atom interacts with the Si–O–Al bond to form Si–ONa–Al structure, which enhances the stability of the silanol group. Therefore, the Si–ONa–Al in zeolite framework was an essential structure to retain the catalyst stability during the reaction. The Na-ZSM-5 with the lowest SiO2/Al2O3molar ratio showed the best performance in this study resulting the highest propylene yield and catalyst stability.
Life cycle assessment of polyphenols extraction processes from waste biomass
Authors: Barjoveanu George , Pătrăuțanu Oana-Alexandra , Teodosiu Carmen , Volf Irina 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWaste biomass from forestry and wood processing industries is a source to obtain fine chemicals, and its processing is a good example of circular economy, but it generates secondary environmental impacts. The main objective of this study was to analyse the environmental performances of laboratory scale processes for polyphenols extraction from spruce bark by means of life cycle assessment (LCA) and to simulate and evaluate the scale-up possibilities of the most favourable alternative. The assessed extraction processes were: a classic Soxhlet extraction using ethanol as solvent (SE), a high-temperature extraction in 1% NaOH solution (NaOH-SLE) and an ultrasound assisted extraction process (UAE). The functional unit was 1 mg of extracted polyphenols, measured as gallic acid equivalents (mg GAE)/g spruce bark. The life cycle inventory has included specific laboratory scale operations and extraction processes (infrastructure and transport processes were not considered). Life cycle impact assessment was performed with ReCipe 2016 at midpoint. For all extraction processes, the environmental profiles were dominated by the electricity use for heating and this has generated the highest impacts in most of the impact categories, followed by the production and use of ethanol as solvent. For the ultrasound assisted extraction, a scale-up scenario has proven that by raising capacity to a 30 L extraction vessel and by changing the heating source to a biomass-fired boiler, environmental impacts may be greatly diminished. The paper discusses also the uncertainty of lab-scale generated data for LCA. A sensitivity analysis has proven that for this case, the energy efficiency of different lab-scale equipment induce acceptable degrees of uncertainty for the LCA results.
HLAs associated with perampanel-induced psychiatric adverse effects in a Korean population
Authors: Jang Yoonhyuk , Kim Tae-Joon , Moon Jangsup , Yang Tae-Won , Kim Keun Tae , Park Byeong-Su , Lim Jung-Ah , Jun Jin-Sun , Lee Soon-Tae , Jung Keun-Hwa , Park Kyung-Il , Jung Ki-Young , Chu Kon , Lee Sang Kun 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPerampanel (PER) is a new-generation antiepileptic drug that has an occasional but significant shortcoming, psychiatric adverse effects (PAEs). Recently, antiepileptic drug-related adverse reactions, such as skin rash and even PAEs, have been discovered to be correlated with certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types. Thus, we aimed to analyze specific HLA alleles as risk factors for PER-PAEs. We prospectively enrolled 17 patients with epilepsy who were prescribed PER between May 2016 and Jul 2018 at Seoul National University Hospital and developed PAEs while taking PER. Their HLA types were analyzed compared to those of 19 patients in the PAE-tolerant group and the general Korean population. In silico docking was performed with two different computational programs, AutoDock Vina and SwissDock, to theoretically evaluate the binding affinity of PER in the grooves of the specific HLA alleles. The HLA-DQB1*06:01, DRB1*08:03, and B*54:01 alleles were significantly associated with the patients who developed PER-PAEs compared with the general Korean population (odds ratio [OR] 3.94, p = 0.008, OR 9.24, p = 0.037, and OR 3.25, p = 0.041, respectively). As a haplotype, the combination of the three alleles was significantly more frequent in the PER-PAE group than in both the PER-tolerant group and the general Korean population. DQB1*06:01 and B*54:01 also demonstrated higher docking scores with PER than other alleles. This is the first study to analyze the association of PER-PAEs with specific HLA genotypes. Our results suggest that an HLA-associated genetic predisposition and a possible immunological mechanism are involved in the occurrence of PER-PAEs.
First characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of fungal plant-pathogen Monilinia laxa which represents the mobile intron rich structure
Authors: Yildiz Gozde , Ozkilinc Hilal 
Published: August 2020

AbstractMonilinia laxa is an important fungal plant pathogen causing brown rot on many stone and pome fruits worldwide. Mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) plays a critical role in evolutionary biology of the organisms. This study aimed to characterize the complete mitogenome of M. laxa by using next-generation sequencing and approaches of de novo assembly and annotation. The total length of the mitogenome of M. laxa was 178,357 bp, and its structure was circular. GC content of the mitogenome was 30.1%. Annotation of the mitogenome presented 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 32 transfer RNA genes (tRNA), 1 gene encoding mitochondrial ribosomal protein S3, 14 protein-coding genes and 15 open reading frame encoding hypothetical proteins. Moreover, the group I mobile introns encoding homing endonucleases including LAGLIDADG and GIY-YIG families were found both within coding regions (genic) and intergenic regions of the mitogenome, indicating an enlarged size and a dynamic structure of the mitogenome. Furthermore, a comparative mitogenomic analysis was performed between M. laxa and the three closely related fungal phytopathogen species (Botryotinia fuckeliana, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and, S. borealis). Due to the number and distribution of introns, the large extent of structural rearrangements and diverse mitogenome sizes were detected among the species investigated. Monilinia laxa presented the highest number of homing endonucleases among the fungal species considered in the analyses. This study is the first to report a detailed annotation of the mitogenome of an isolate of M. laxa, providing a solid basis for further investigations of mitogenome variations for the other Monilinia pathogens causing brown rot disease.
Genetic markers and continuity of healthy metabolic status: Tehran cardio-metabolic genetic study (TCGS)
Authors: Gharooi Ahangar Omid , Javanrouh Niloufar , Daneshpour Maryam S. , Barzin Maryam , Valizadeh Majid , Azizi Fereidoun , Hosseinpanah Farhad 
Published: August 2020

AbstractObese individuals can be categorized as “healthy obese” (MHO) and “unhealthy obese” (MUO) based on the presence or absence of metabolic abnormality. This study sets out to assess potential genetic causes behind persistence of healthy metabolic status in individuals categorized as “healthy obese”. This study was conducted in the framework of the Tehran cardio-metabolic genetic study (TCGS). 766 MHO subjects at the start of the study followed up 15 years for occurrence of metabolic unhealthy status. These two groups (persistent MHO, MUO) were compared regarding the presence or absence of 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified as being associated with obesity phenotype in previous studies. We used logistic regression model for assessing the association between MHO/MUO with candidate SNPs. By the end of the follow up, 206 (27%) were categorized as the persistent MHO and 560 (73%) as MUO groups. Considering interaction effect between some SNP and sex, a sex stratification analysis was applied. When the analysis was performed by gender, rs1121980 associated with a decrease, and rs7903146 with an increase in the likelihood of persistent MHO individuals. Another analysis was separately performed on postmenopausal women from both groups; it showed that rs13107325 was associated with an increase in the likelihood of persistent MHO status in this subgroup of woman. In all cases, the markers had dominant inheritance. This findings suggest that the expression of some genetic markers are associated with persistence of healthy metabolic status, in female obese individuals.
Development and clinical application of deep learning model for lung nodules screening on CT images
Authors: Cui Sijia , Ming Shuai , Lin Yi , Chen Fanghong , Shen Qiang , Li Hui , Chen Gen , Gong Xiangyang , Wang Haochu 
Published: August 2020

AbstractLung cancer screening based on low-dose CT (LDCT) has now been widely applied because of its effectiveness and ease of performance. Radiologists who evaluate a large LDCT screening images face enormous challenges, including mechanical repetition and boring work, the easy omission of small nodules, lack of consistent criteria, etc. It requires an efficient method for helping radiologists improve nodule detection accuracy with efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Many novel deep neural network-based systems have demonstrated the potential for use in the proposed technique to detect lung nodules. However, the effectiveness of clinical practice has not been fully recognized or proven. Therefore, the aim of this study to develop and assess a deep learning (DL) algorithm in identifying pulmonary nodules (PNs) on LDCT and investigate the prevalence of the PNs in China. Radiologists and algorithm performance were assessed using the FROC score, ROC-AUC, and average time consumption. Agreement between the reference standard and the DL algorithm in detecting positive nodules was assessed per-study by Bland–Altman analysis. The Lung Nodule Analysis (LUNA) public database was used as the external test. The prevalence of NCPNs was investigated as well as other detailed information regarding the number of pulmonary nodules, their location, and characteristics, as interpreted by two radiologists.
Mating and parenting experiences sculpture mood-modulating effects of oxytocin-MCH signaling
Authors: Phan Joseph , Alhassen Lamees , Argelagos Allan , Alhassen Wedad , Vachirakorntong Benjamin , Lin Zitong , Sanathara Nayna , Alachkar Amal 
Published: August 2020

AbstractThe two hypothalamic neuropeptides oxytocin and melanin concentrating hormone (MCH) share several physiological actions such as the control of maternal care, sexual behavior, and emotions. In this study, we uncover the role for the oxytocin-MCH signaling pathway in mood regulation. We identify discrete effects of oxytocin-MCH signaling on depressive behavior and demonstrate that parenting and mating experiences shape these effects. We show that the selective deletion of OXT receptors from MCH neurons increases and decreases depressive behavior in sexually naïve and late postpartum female mice respectively, with no effect on sexually naïve male mice. We demonstrate that both parenting experience and mood-regulating effects of oxytocin-MCH are associated with synaptic plasticity in the reward and fear circuits revealed by the alterations of Arc expressions, which are associated with the depressive behavior. Finally, we uncover the sex-dependent effects of mating on depressive behavior; while the sexual activity reduces the basal levels of depressive behavior in male mice, it reduces in female mice evoked-depression only. We demonstrate that the oxytocin-MCH pathway mediates the effects of sexual activity on depressive behavior. Our data suggest that the oxytocin-MCH pathway can serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of major depression and postpartum mood disorders.
Tobamoviruses can be frequently present in the oropharynx and gut of infants during their first year of life
Authors: Aguado-García Yarenci , Taboada Blanca , Morán Patricia , Rivera-Gutiérrez Xaira , Serrano-Vázquez Angélica , Iša Pavel , Rojas-Velázquez Liliana , Pérez-Juárez Horacio , López Susana , Torres Javier , Ximénez Cecilia , Arias Carlos F. 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPlant viruses have been reported to be common in the gut of human adults, presumably as result of food ingestion. In this work, we report that plant viruses can also be found frequently in the gut and oropharynx of children during their first year of life, even when they are exclusively breast-fed. Fecal and oropharynx samples were collected monthly, from birth to 1 year of age, from three apparently healthy children in a semi-rural community and analyzed by next generation sequencing. In 100% of the fecal samples and 65% of the oropharynx samples at least one plant virus was identified. Tobamoviruses in the Virgaviridae family were by far the most frequently detected, with tropical soda apple mosaic virus, pepper mild mottle virus, and opuntia tobamovirus 2 being the most common species. Seventeen complete virus genomes could be assembled, and phylogenetic analyses showed a large diversity of virus strains circulating in the population. These results suggest that children are continuously exposed to an extensive and highly diverse collection of tobamoviruses. Whether the common presence of plant viruses at an early age influences the infant’s immune system, either directly or through interaction with other members of the microbiota, remains to be investigated.
Two-photon comb with wavelength conversion and 20-km distribution for quantum communication
Authors: Niizeki Kazuya , Yoshida Daisuke , Ito Ko , Nakamura Ippei , Takei Nobuyuki , Okamura Kotaro , Zheng Ming-Yang , Xie Xiu-Ping , Horikiri Tomoyuki 
Published: August 2020

AbstractQuantum computing and quantum communication, have been greatly developed in recent years and expected to contribute to quantum internet technologies, including cloud quantum computing and unconditionally secure communication. However, long-distance quantum communication is challenging mainly because of optical fiber losses; quantum repeaters are indispensable for fiber-based transmission because unknown quantum states cannot be amplified with certainty. In this study, we demonstrate a versatile entanglement source in the telecom band for fiber-based quantum internet, which has a narrow linewidth of sub-MHz range, entanglement fidelity of more than 95%, and Bell-state generation even with frequency multimode. Furthermore, after a total distribution length of 20-km in fiber, two-photon correlation is observed with an easily identifiable normalized correlation coefficient, despite the limited bandwidth of the wavelength converter. The presented implementation promises an efficient method for entanglement distribution that is compatible with quantum memory and frequency-multiplexed long-distance quantum communication applications.
The School-Based Speech-Language Pathologist's Role in Diverting the School-to-Confinement Pipeline for Youth With Communication Disorders
Authors: Stanford Shameka 
Published: August 2020

Purpose
The overarching aim of this article is to discuss the intersectionality of the school-to-confinement pipeline and its detrimental effect on the societal and academic success of youth with communication disorders. Communication disorders in youth with behavior concerns or placed at risk for delinquency that is not adequately addressed by a speech-language pathologist (SLP) can increase the youth's involvement with the school-to-confinement pipeline, resulting in a dire need for the intervention of the SLP to intervene on the language-based needs of this population. However, the role of the United States—based SLPs in interrupting the school-to-confinement pipeline has not yet been clearly defined and recognized.

Method
This article will (a) discuss why the role of the SLP providing language intervention for youth placed at risk for delinquency or involved with the criminal justice system is necessary, (b) discuss the definition of the school-to-confinement pipeline, (c) examine the impact of the school-to-confinement pipeline on youth with communication disorders, and (d) highlight a framework for cognitive and language-based intervention that may promote positive outcomes.

Results
The SLP's role in interrupting the school-to-confinement pipeline is vital to providing and increasing the societal and academic success of youth with communication disorders placed at risk for delinquency and should consider multiple factors such as (a) SLPs becoming an active and integral member of the individualized education plan team, (b) SLPs advocating for opportunities to collaborate and interact with the youth as an integral member of the individualized education plan team, and (c) SLPs creating consistent and streamlined opportunities for culturally relevant goals and intervention that increase the student's academic and societal success.

Conclusion
There are many reasons why the SLPs' role in interrupting the school-to-confinement pipeline cannot be ignored or overlooked. As a profession in the United States, speech-language pathology is in the early stages of developing a stronger stance for advocacy and understanding the communication needs of youth on the SLP's caseload who are at risk for the school-to-confinement pipeline. Nonetheless, increasing how SLPs approach and intervene on behalf of students with communication disorders may produce better outcomes for youth-at-risk for the school-to-confinement pipeline.
A Cross-Sectional Study of the Portrayal of Vocal Health in YouTube Videos
Authors: Bellon-Harn Monica L. , Ulep Alyssa J. , Dueppen Abigail , Manchaiah Vinaya , Ravi Rohit , Gunjawate Dhanshree R. 
Published: August 2020

PurposeThe current study examines metadata, upload source, type of informational content, understandability, and actionability of YouTube videos related to vocal health.MethodA search for videos related to vocal health in YouTube was completed. Metadata (i.e., number of views, video length, thumbs-up, thumbs-down), upload source (i.e., consumer, professional, media), and type of informational content were identified. The Patient Education Material Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Materials was used to assess understandability and actionability of the 100 most frequently viewed videos.ResultsA total of 166 videos were obtained. The collective number of views was 19,799,299. A significant difference between video source groups was found for number of views and thumbs-down, but not for video length or thumbs-up. The YouTube videos were primarily educational, and a majority of the content focused on tips and techniques for professional voice users. Videos had adequate understandability (i.e., 71.5%) and actionability scores (i.e., 74%). Videos uploaded by consumers were superior to professional sources in actionability, but no difference was noted between video source for understandability.ConclusionsStudy insights about metadata, source, type of informational content, understandability, and actionability of YouTube videos may help professionals understand the nature of online content related to vocal health. Study implications and recommendations for further research are discussed.