bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interoceptive accuracy and its impact on neuronal responses to olfactory stimulation in the insular cortex
Authors: Koeppel Carina J. , Ruser Paul , Kitzler Hagen , Hummel Thomas , Croy Ilona 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe insular cortex plays a key role in the integration of multimodal information and in interoceptive and exteroceptive processing. For instance, neurons in the central dorsal insula that are active during interoceptive tasks, also show an adaptation to gustatory stimulation. We tested the link between interoception and exteroception for the olfactory system (i.e., the second domain of chemosensation). In a sample of 31 participants, olfactory function was assessed in a two dimensional approach while the Heartbeat Perception Task served as a measurement for cardiac interoceptive accuracy. Subsequent fMRI sessions were performed on a 3‐Tesla MR scanner containing 12–15 olfactory stimulation trials with a mildly pleasant food‐related odor (coffee). Persons scoring high in the cardiac interoceptive accuracy task presented stronger smelling abilities as well as enhanced BOLD responses following olfactory stimulation. The olfactory stimulation triggered enhanced insular activation patterns in the central dorsal insular cortex. Consistent with prior findings on the coherence of gustatory and interoceptive processing in the central dorsal insula, these results base the insula as a common region for the integration of interoception and exteroception. We propose an explanatory model of how exteroception triggers the integration of intero‐ and exteroceptive sensations in the central dorsal insular cortex.
Evaluation of a pharmacist‐driven renal dosing protocol at an academic medical center
Authors: Cheung Dora , Go Amy , Cooper Margaret , Schwarz Kerry 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIntroductionKidney disease is a major worldwide public health problem. An increased risk for adverse drug events is associated with drug dosing errors in hospitalized patients with renal impairment. A pharmacist‐driven renal protocol may improve dosing compliance by allowing pharmacists to monitor renal function and adjust drug doses as needed.ObjectivesTo evaluate the utilization and financial impact of a pharmacist‐driven renal dosing protocol.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to an academic medical center from 1 April 2017 to 30 May 2017 who had drug(s) from the protocol dose adjusted by a pharmacist. Outcomes of interest included protocol use frequency, patient characteristics, type of dose adjustments, and when adjustments were made. Two subgroup analyses were performed to: (1) determine cost savings of the seven most adjusted drugs and (2) determine if any missed opportunities for dose adjustments for cefepime.ResultsA total of 422 dosage adjustments, performed on 317 patients, were included. The mean age of the patients was 63 years with 51.2% female. The majority (62.8%) had no history of renal dysfunction, 22.4% had chronic kidney disease, 14.8% had end‐stage renal disease, and 25.3% had acute kidney injury on admission. Most dose adjustments (73.5%) were dose decreases, while 24.4% were dose increases. The seven most commonly adjusted drugs contributed to a cost savings of approximately $3919.87 per duration of therapy which extrapolates to an annual cost savings of $23 519.22. Of all the cefepime orders reviewed over a 7‐day period, 84% were dosed correctly, 9% needed dose adjustments that could have been made sooner, and 7% had incorrect dose based on renal function.ConclusionThis analysis demonstrates that implementation of a pharmacist‐driven renal dose adjustment protocol was consistently utilized at our institution and resulted in cost savings.
Radiomic Features of Primary Rectal Cancers on Baseline T2‐Weighted MRI Are Associated With Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation: A Multisite Study
Authors: Antunes Jacob T. , Ofshteyn Asya , Bera Kaustav , Wang Erik Y. , Brady Justin T. , Willis Joseph E. , Friedman Kenneth A. , Marderstein Eric L. , Kalady Matthew F. , Stein Sharon L. , Purysko Andrei S. , Paspulati Rajmohan , Gollamudi Jayakrishna , Madabhushi Anant , Viswanath Satish E. 
Published: March 2020

BackgroundTwenty‐five percent of rectal adenocarcinoma patients achieve pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemoradiation and could avoid proctectomy. However, pretreatment clinical or imaging markers are lacking in predicting response to chemoradiation. Radiomic texture features from MRI have recently been associated with therapeutic response in other cancers.PurposeTo construct a radiomics texture model based on pretreatment MRI for identifying patients who will achieve pCR to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in rectal cancer, including validation across multiple scanners and sites.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsIn all, 104 rectal cancer patients staged with MRI prior to long‐course chemoradiation followed by proctectomy; curated from three institutions.Field Strength/Sequence1.5T–3.0T, axial higher resolution T2‐weighted turbo spin echo sequence.AssessmentPathologic response was graded on postsurgical specimens. In total, 764 radiomic features were extracted from single‐slice sections of rectal tumors on processed pretreatment T2‐weighted MRI.Statistical TestsThree feature selection schemes were compared for identifying radiomic texture descriptors associated with pCR via a discovery cohort (one site,N =60, cross‐validation). The top‐selected radiomic texture features were used to train and validate a random forest classifier model for pretreatment identification of pCR (two external sites,N =44). Model performance was evaluated via area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.ResultsLaws kernel responses and gradient organization features were most associated with pCR (P ≤ 0.01); as well as being commonly identified across all feature selection schemes. The radiomics model yielded a discovery AUC of 0.699 ± 0.076 and a hold‐out validation AUC of 0.712 with 70.5% accuracy (70.0% sensitivity, 70.6% specificity) in identifying pCR. Radiomic texture features were resilient to variations in magnetic field strength as well as being consistent between two different expert annotations. Univariate analysis revealed no significant associations of baseline clinicopathologic or MRI findings with pCR (P= 0.07–0.96).Data ConclusionRadiomic texture features from pretreatment MRIs may enable early identification of potential pCR to neoadjuvant chemoradiation, as well as generalize across sites.Level of Evidence3Technical Efficacy Stage2
New insights into paper—Chemical paper analysis using Raman microscopy
Authors: Pigorsch Enrico 
Published: March 2020

AbstractRaman microscopic measurements were used to analyse the detailed chemical composition and structure of three old papers dating from the 15th and 19th centuries. Raman mapping measurements were performed on the surface and along the cross‐section of the papers with a lateral resolution of 1 μm. The resulting Raman images visualise the detailed chemical structure of the papers including all components such as the different types of cellulose fibre, filler pigments, sizing agents, colour pigments and also inadvertently added trace particles, such as minerals or products of biological activity. The results of the paper analysis are discussed in connection with their use for the detailed characterisation and dating of paper.This study demonstrates the great potential and the possibilities offered by Raman microscopy or Raman imaging for chemical paper analysis. Raman microscopy allows new insights into the chemical composition and structure of old papers and could considerably enhance the understanding of former papermaking practices and also combat forgery and the fraud of documents and artworks on paper.
Hepatic artery infusion pumps
Authors: Thiels Cornelius A. , D'Angelica Michael I. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe preferential blood supply from the hepatic artery to liver tumors allows for the regional delivery of chemotherapy, commonly referred to as hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy via a subcutaneous pump. Hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy has been demonstrated to improve overall survival in select patients with colorectal liver metastasis and is a promising treatment for unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. This review focuses on the technical aspects of hepatic artery infusion pump placement.
A novel C2 symmetric chiral stationary phase with N‐[(4‐Methylphenyl)sulfonyl]‐l‐leucine as chiral side chains
Authors: Zhu Junchen , Zhu Lunan , Wu Yaling , Cheng Lingping , Wang Huiying , Sun Xiaotong , Shen Jiawei , Zhou Yang , Ke Yanxiong 
Published: March 2020

AbstractIn this study, a series of chiral stationary phases based on N‐[(4‐methylphenyl)sulfonyl]‐l‐leucine amide, whose enantiorecognition property has never been studied, were synthesized. Their enantioseparation abilities were chromatographically evaluated by 67 enantiomers. The chiral stationary phase derived from N‐[(4‐methylphenyl)sulfonyl]‐l‐leucine showed much better enantioselectivities than that based on N‐(4‐methylbenzoyl)‐l‐leucine amide. The construction of C2 symmetric chiral structure greatly improved the enantiorecognition performance of the stationary phase. The C2 symmetric chiral stationary phase exhibited superior enantioresolutions to other chiral stationary phases for most of the chiral analytes, especially for the chiral analytes with C2 symmetric structures. By comparing the enantioseparations of the enantiomers with similar structures, the importance of hydrogen bond interaction, π–π interaction, and steric hindrance on enantiorecognition was elucidated. The enantiorecognition mechanism of trans‐N,N′‐(1,2‐diphenyl‐1,2‐ethanediyl)bis‐acetamide, which had an excellent separation factor on the C2 symmetric chiral stationary phase, was investigated by 1H‐NMR spectroscopy and 2D 1H‐1H nuclear overhauser enhancement spectroscopy.
Women's Sexual Desire, Trauma Exposure, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: O'Loughlin Julia I. , Brotto Lori A. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractResearch suggests that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with sexual dysfunction; however, there is a paucity of research examining the relations among trauma exposure, PTSD, and low sexual desire, specifically. Thus, the goal of the present study was to investigate whether women with hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD; n = 132) were more likely to meet criteria for a diagnosis of current or lifetime PTSD relative to women with no sexual desire concerns (n = 137). We also sought to compare the type, frequency, and intensity of PTSD symptoms between the two groups. Finally, we examined whether women in the two groups were exposed to more, or different types of, potentially traumatic events. Compared to women with no sexual health concerns, women with HSDD were more likely to meet criteria for current PTSD, odds ratio (OR) = 5.50, 95% CI [1.18, 25.61]; and lifetime PTSD, OR = 2.78, 95% CI [1.56, 4.94]. Women in the HSDD group also had higher odds of meeting criteria for avoidance (5.10 times) and hyperarousal symptoms (4.48 times) and scored higher on measures of past‐month PTSD symptom frequency, d = 0.62, and intensity, d = 0.57. No group differences were observed regarding reexperiencing symptoms, the associated features of PTSD, or type or frequency of exposure to potentially traumatic events. The findings indicate PTSD symptomatology may be a predisposing or perpetuating contributor to low sexual desire, and low sexual desire and PTSD may be related through an alteration in stress adaptability.
Immunogenic cell death in colon cancer prevention and therapy
Authors: Ruan Hang , Leibowitz Brian J. , Zhang Lin , Yu Jian 
Published: March 2020

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. The colonic mucosa constitutes a critical barrier and a major site of immune regulation. The immune system plays important roles in cancer development and treatment, and immune activation caused by chronic infection or inflammation is well‐known to increase cancer risk. During tumor development, neoplastic cells continuously interact with and shape the tumor microenvironment (TME), which becomes progressively immunosuppressive. The clinical success of immune checkpoint blockade therapies is limited to a small set of CRCs with high tumor mutational load and tumor‐infiltrating T cells. Induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD), a type of cell death eliciting an immune response, can therefore help break the immunosuppressive TME, engage the innate components, and prime T cell‐mediated adaptive immunity for long‐term tumor control. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of ICD induced by antineoplastic agents, the influence of driver mutations, and recent developments to harness ICD in colon cancer. Mechanism‐guided combinations of ICD‐inducing agents with immunotherapy and actionable biomarkers will likely offer more tailored and durable benefits to patients with colon cancer.
Simultaneous trajectory generation and volumetric modulated arc therapy optimization
Authors: Mullins Joel , Renaud Marc‐André , Serban Monica , Seuntjens Jan 
Published: March 2020

PurposeTrajectory‐based treatment planning involves the combination of a gantry‐couch trajectory with volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) treatment plan optimization. This work presents the implementation of an optimization methodology that generates a trajectory simultaneous with treatment plan optimization (simTr‐VMAT).MethodsThe optimization algorithm is based on the column generation approach, in which a treatment plan is iteratively constructed through the solution of a subproblem called the “pricing problem.” The property of the pricing problem to rank candidate apertures based on their associated price is leveraged to select an optimal aperture while simultaneously determining the trajectory path. A progressively increasing gantry‐couch grid resolution is used to provide an initial coarse sampling of the angular solution space while maintaining fine control point spacing with the final treatment plan. The trajectory optimization was applied and compared to coplanar VMAT treatment plans for a lung patient, a glioblastoma patient, and a prostate patient. Algorithm validation was performed through the generation of 5000 random trajectories and optimization using column generation VMAT for each patient case, representing the solution space for the trajectory optimization problem. The simTr‐VMAT trajectories were compared against these random trajectories based on a quality metric that prefers trajectories with few control points and low objective function value over long, inefficient trajectories.ResultsFor the lung patient, the simTr‐VMAT plan resulted in a decrease of the mean dose of 1.5 and 1.0 Gy to the heart and ipsilateral lung, respectively. For the glioblastoma patient, the simTr‐VMAT plan resulted in improved planning target volume coverage with a decrease in mean dose to the eyes, lens, nose, and contralateral temporal lobe between 2 and 7 Gy. The prostate patient showed no clinically relevant dosimetric improvement. The simTr‐VMAT treatment plans ranked at the 99.6, 96.3, and 99.4 percentiles compared to the distribution of randomly generated trajectories for the lung, glioblastoma, and prostate patients, respectively.ConclusionThe simTr‐VMAT optimization methodology resulted in treatment plans with equivalent or improved dosimetric outcomes compared to coplanar VMAT treatment plans, with the trajectories resulting from the optimization ranking among the optimal trajectories for each patient case.
Evaluation of Stocking Density and Dietary Fish Meal Inclusion for Intensive Tank Production of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Cultured in Low-Salinity Waters of Western Alabama
Authors: Roy Luke A , Teichert-Coddington David , Beck Benjamin H , Dahl Sunni , James Jesse , Guo Jingping , Davis D Allen 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Shrimp farmers in Alabama are seeking to increase efficiency and intensify production. Semi-intensive earthen ponds are the traditional production system used by Alabama shrimp farmers; however, there is interest in evaluating intensive pond-based production systems, such as split ponds. These alternative systems are more intensive and require higher stocking densities to offset capital investment costs required for initial construction and maintenance. Two trials were carried out with Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei using on-levee flow-through systems (twelve 800-L tanks per system) at an Alabama shrimp farm to evaluate stocking densities of 29, 88, 176, and 264 shrimp/m2 (trial 1) and higher levels of fish meal (5, 10, and 20%) at a high density of 264 shrimp/m2 (trial 2). Results from trial 1 revealed that as stocking density was increased Pacific white shrimp final weight decreased, while shrimp biomass and feed conversion ratio increased. Survival of Pacific white shrimp at the two highest densities (176 and 264 shrimp/m2) was lower than at the two lowest densities (29 and 88 shrimp/m2). There were no significant differences in performance for Pacific white shrimp offered diets with varying levels of fish meal in trial 2; however, overall survival in trial 2, which was carried out at a high density (264 shrimp/m2), ranged between 47.9% and 65.5%.
A theory of loosening earth pressure above a shallow tunnel in unsaturated ground
Authors: Fang Xu , Kikumoto Mamoru , Cui Ying 
Published: March 2020

SummaryA theory is proposed to evaluate the loosening earth pressure (vertical earth pressure after excavation) acting on a shallow tunnel in unsaturated ground with an arbitrary groundwater level. The theory is developed based on the limit equilibrium theory, combining soil–water characteristic curves, Mohr–Coulomb failure criteria, and effective stress for unsaturated soils. The proposed theory is applied to predict the vertical distribution of loosening earth pressure in unsaturated ground, which shows a significant difference from that in saturated ground. In unsaturated ground, suction contributes to the increase in effective loosening earth pressure and shear resistance. The remarkable effects of groundwater depth, soil type, and scale of overburden height and trapdoor width on loosening earth pressure are also revealed. Based on the soil–water characteristic curve, the degree of saturation decreases, which causes wet density to decrease and the total and effective loosening earth pressures to have contrary tendencies. Moreover, effective loosening earth pressures vary with soil type as the degree of saturation varies. The total loosening earth pressures are, however, very similar regardless of soil type, because wet density and shear resistance have similar tendencies. The proposed theory provides a valid model for loosening earth pressure in unsaturated ground that will be useful for shallow tunnel excavations.
Neural correlates of working memory function in pediatric cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy: an fMRI study
Authors: Stefancin Patricia , Cahaney Christine , Parker Robert I. , Preston Thomas , Coulehan Kelly , Hogan Laura , Duong Timothy Q. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe goal of this study is to investigate the neural correlates of working memory function associated with chemotherapy in pediatric cancer survivors using event‐related functional MRI (fMRI) analysis. Fifteen pediatric cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy and 15 healthy controls were studied. Blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) fMRI was acquired. A visual n‐back task was used to test working memory function during the fMRI scan. Responses were recorded via an MRI compatible button box for analysis. fMRI scans were analyzed using statistical parametric mapping software. All statistics were corrected for multiple comparisons by false discovery rate, with p < 0.05 as significance. Patients however gave more incorrect responses (p < 0.05), more no responses (p < 0.05), and longer response times (p < 0.05) compared with healthy controls. Correct responses generated significantly lower BOLD responses in the posterior cingulate for pediatric cancer survivors compared with controls (p < 0.05). Incorrect responses generated significantly greater BOLD responses in the angular gyrus in survivors (p < 0.05), and no response trials generated greater BOLD responses within the superior parietal lobule (p < 0.05) compared with controls. Working memory impairment appears to be due to an inability to manipulate information and to retrieve information from memory. The ability to delineate the affected neural circuits associated with chemotherapy‐induced cognitive impairment could inform treatment strategies, identify patients at high risk of developing cognitive deficits, and pre‐emptively tailor behavioral enrichment to overcome specific cognitive deficits.
Relaxation dynamics of blends ofPVDFand zwitterionic copolymer by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy
Authors: Clark Andrew G. , Salcedo Montero Miriam , Govinna Nelaka D. , Lounder Samuel J. , Asatekin Ayse , Cebe Peggy 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTRelaxation dynamics of PVDF blended with a random zwitterionic copolymer (r‐ZCP) of methyl methacrylate and zwitterionic sulfobetaine‐2‐vinylpyridine (PMMA‐r‐SB2VP) were investigated using dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. FTIR spectroscopy was used to determine the PVDF crystal phase of compression molded blends. Adding 25 wt% ofr‐ZCP promoted the formation of the polarβandγcrystals over the nonpolarαphase. A structural model is proposed where ther‐ZCP biases the PVDF to form polar crystal phases. Boyd's model was used to calculate the room temperature dielectric constants and led to good agreement with our measurements. Dielectric spectra of neatr‐ZCP showed two relaxation peaks attributed to PMMA units, with no additional relaxations present from the zwitterions. Blends of PVDF withr‐ZCP were dominated by theαcrelaxation associated with the crystalline phase of PVDF, which showed an Arrhenius temperature dependence. Analysis of the conductivity spectra shows a larger DC conductivity in the blends than in eitherr‐ZCP or homopolymer PVDF. Blends show an additional peak in the loss tangent, absent in the copolymer or PVDF attributed to space‐charge polarization. Higher DC conductivity and space‐charge polarization indicate that the combination of zwitterions and unique microstructure affects charge transport properties.
Maturity‐onset diabetes of the young: Different diabetes in an infant with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Hangül Melih , Erdoğan Murat , Hatipoğlu Nihal , Köse Mehmet 
Published: March 2020

AbstractCystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common autosomal recessive and multisystemic diseases. CF affects many systems. One of these systems is the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas, causing cystic fibrosis‐related diabetes, which is extremely complex and has unique pathogenesis. Maturity‐onset diabetes of the young (MODY) is a rare type of diabetes with autosomal dominant inheritance and is not expected in patients with CF. In this study, we present MODY due to a novel glucokinase gene mutation, which is an unexpected form of diabetes in patients with CF. This is previously unreported in the literature.