bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IL-1β-mediated macrophage infiltration into the brain after peripheral tissue injury
Authors: Chen Xiang Ke , Kwan Joseph Shiu-Kwong , Wong Gordon Tin-Chun , H Kazi Md. Mahmudul , Yi Zhen-Ni , Ma Alvin Chun-Hang , Chang Raymond Chuen-Chung 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Infiltration of macrophages into the central nervous system (CNS) is involved in many neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and autism. Despite extensive studies into neuroinflammation associated macrophage infiltration into the CNS, its underlying mechanisms and pathological roles remain unclear, especially when triggered by peripheral inflammation. Methods: To further elucidate the role and mechanism of peripheral inflammation in neurological disorders, we exploited interleukin 1 beta (il1b) mutant transgenic zebrafish (Danio rerio) with fluorescent protein expression restricted to macrophages to track the macrophage migration under peripheral inflammation following tail amputation.Results: We found that macrophage infiltration into the brain of zebrafish embryo following peripheral tissue injury can be alleviated via genetically targeting il1b. In addition, through circulation-independent migration, macrophages infiltrate brains with evidence of increased apoptosis. We further identified the expression of camk2g1 in the brains of zebrafish with hyperactive behavior following peripheral tissue injury. This il1b-regulated protein is associated with neuropsychiatry disorders. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that peripheral tissue injury induces il1b-mediated macrophage infiltration into the brain and a hyperactive behavior.
Lung Cancer Radiotherapy: Simulation and Analysis Based on a Multi-component Mathematical Model
Authors: Hong Wen-song , Wang Shun-guan , Zhang Gang-qing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer has been one of the most deadly illnesses all over the world and radiotherapy can be an effective approach for treating lung cancer. Now, mathematical model has been extended to many biomedical fields to give a hand for analysis, evaluation, prediction and optimization. Methods: In this paper, we propose a multi-component mathematical model for simulating the lung cancer growth as well as radiotherapy treatment for lung cancer. The model is digitalized and coded for computer simulation and the model parameters are fitted with many research and clinical data to provide accordant results along with the growth of lung cancer cells in vitro. Results: Some typical radiotherapy plans such as stereotactic body radiotherapy, conventional fractional radiotherapy and accelerated hypo-fractionated radiotherapy are simulated, analyzed and discussed. The results show that our mathematical model can perform the basic work for analysis and evaluation of the radiotherapy plan. Conclusion: It will be expected that in the near future, mathematical model will be a valuable tool for optimization in personalized medical treatment.
Mesangial Cells and Glomerular Endothelial Cells Crosstalk in Rat Anti-Thy-1 Nephritis through VEGFA/VEGFAR2 and Angpt2/Tie2 pathway
Authors: zhao yinghua , Fu Bo , Chen Pu , Li Qinggang , Ouyang Qing , Zhang Chuyue , Cai Guangyan , Wu Lingling , Chen Xiangmei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUNDMesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis is characterized by the proliferation of mesangial cells (MCs). Endothelial cells (ECs) are affected by signals from MCs, resulting in capillary proliferation, but the specific signaling pathway associated with this activity remains unclear.RESULTSIn this study, the expression of PCNA, RECA-1 and CD34 in the glomeruli increased on the 7th day after anti-Thy-1 nephritis establishment, indicating the occurrence of ECs proliferation. After coculturing MCs and ECs in vitro, we observed that activated MCs could promote ECs proliferation, migration and α-SMA expression. Moreover, activated ECs had the same effects on MCs. RT-qPCR showed that activated MCs could increasingly secrete VEGFA, and Angpt2 expression in VEGFA-activated ECs was enhanced. Considering that Angpt2-mediated inhibition of ECs surface receptor Tie2 phosphorylation causes ECs proliferation, we hypothesized that VEGFA/VEGFR2 and Angpt2/Tie2 signaling is involved in the interaction between MCs and ECs. Our results showed that blocking VEGFA or adding the Angpt2 antagonist Angpt1 to the coculture system decreased the number of EdU-positive cells，Angpt2，p-VEGFR2 and p-MAPK expression, but increased p-Tie2 in ECs. To determine whether Angpt1 could effectively alleviate the pathological changes of anti-Thy-1 nephritis, we performed Vasculotide (Angpt1 mimic peptide) treatment assays in vivo. The results confirmed that the addition of Vasculotide could effectively reduce PCNA, RECA-1 and α-SMA expression and promote p-Tie2.CONCLUSIONIn summary, the study showed that the VEGFA/VEGFR2 and Angpt2/Tie2 signaling pathway mediate interactions between MCs and ECs, providing an important theoretical basis for the treatment of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis.
Antibiotic Resistant, Virulence-associated Genes, Biofilm and Efflux Pump Gene Expression and Molecular Typing of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Strains Recovered from Clinical Samples
Authors: Mirzaie Amir , Ranjbar Reza 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundMultidrug-resistant (MDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae strains are one of the most important life-threatening nosocomial pathogens. In the current study, antibiotic resistant, virulence-associated genes, gene expression of efflux pumps and biofilm genes as well as molecular typing of K. pneumoniae strains were investigated. A total of 505 clinical specimens were collected from hospitalized patients and K. pneumoniae strains were isolated by standard microbiological methods. Antibiotic resistant profile, prevalence of virulence associated genes, biofilm and efflux pump genes were investigated. The gene expression analysis of biofilm and efflux pump genes were analused quantitative Real Time PCR. Moreover, molecular typing of K. pneumoniae strains using Repetitive element sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) technique was also carried out. ResultsOne hundred K. pneumoniae strains out of 500 clinical samples were isolated and the highest prevalence of resistance was observed against ciprofloxacin (75%), Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (73%) and Nitrofurantoin (38%). Virulence associated genes including entB, traT and rmpA were found in 80%, 62% and 48%, respectively. Gene prevalence for biofilm association gene including mrkA, fimH and mrkD were 42% for all genes. The AcrAB, TolC and mdtK efflux pump genes were observed in 41%, 33% and 26%, respectively. In addition, most MDR strains formed biofilm, as well as, AcrAB efflux pump and mrkA biofilm gene expression was up-regulated in MDR K. pneumoniae strains and a significant statistically association was also observed between MDR strains and high expression of efflux pump and biofilm genes. In addition, the K. pneumoniae strains differentiated into 11 different genetic clusters by rep-PCR analysis. ConclusionsHigh prevalence of resistance, presence of diver’s virulence factors and high level of efflux pump and biofilm gene expression in diverse clones of K. pneumoniae strains pose an important public health issue.
Emergence of a Minor Clonal Dissemination of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Coproducing KPC-2&nbsp;and IMP-4 Clone Among Pediatric Patients from China
Authors: Kong Ziyan , Liu Xuemei , Li Chenxi , Cheng Siyun , Xu Fei , Gu Bing 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The continuous emergence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has become a serious public health problem globally, especially for children, but data on CRKP infection in pediatric patients are limited. This study aimed to identify epidemiological and molecular patterns of CRKP among pediatric patients in Jiangsu province, China.Methods: CRKP were consecutively collected from the Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in China from July 2018 to May 2019. Then CRKP strains were performed for further study: antimicrobial susceptibility testing, drug resistance determinants screening and homology analysis.Results: Overall, blaKPC-2 (79.8%) was the predominant carbapenemase gene, followed by blaNDM-1(14.9%), blaIMP-4 (5.3%) and blaNDM-5(4.3%). Notably, two isolates coharbored blaKPC-2 and blaIMP-4, and two isolates coharbored blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-5. MLST analysis revealed that fourteen distinct sequence types (STs) were identified, of which ST11 was the most common sequence type identified. Moreover, two novel STs, ST4854 and ST4855, were detected in this study. PFGE revealed that a predominant cluster consisting of KPC-2-producing CRKP ST11 clone isolates was identified and was distributed mainly in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and cardiac intensive care unit (CCU). Moreover, this is the first report to identify the minor clonal dissemination of CRKP ST716 coproducing KPC-2 and IMP-4 and CRKP ST1140 producing NDM-5.Conclusions: Clonal dissemination of KPC-2-producing CRKP ST11 was observed in multiple departments. Moreover, two novel STs (ST4854 and ST4855) were identified, which indicates increased diversity of CRKP strains. To our knowledge, this is the first report that identified a minor clonal dissemination of Klebsiella pneumoniae coproducing KPC-2 and IMP-4 clones among children, which represents a significant health risk to pediatric patients. Active surveillance and effective control measures are urgently needed to prevent further transmission of these strains among children.
Assessment of Gut Bacteria Profile and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern Among Psychotropic Drug Users as Compared With Apparently Healthy Controls: Comparative Cross-sectional Study&nbsp;
Authors: Ali Solomon , Marame Zufan Hailu , Abera Mubarek , Gashaw Mulatu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Introduction: In the 21st century, antibiotic resistance is becoming one of the major global public health threats. Several complex factors are associated with the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. Emerging evidences are indicating that drugs used for chronic illness conditions might have a contribution for antibiotic resistance either through drug-drug interactions or metabolism of the drugs by gut microbiota.Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the bacteria profile and resistance patterns of gut bacteria isolated from participants using psychotropic drugs and apparently healthy controls. Methods: Socio demographic data were collected from patients using psychotropic medications and apparently healthy persons. Clinical data was collected from patient records. Stool samples were collected from 107 patients using psychotropic medications and 107 apparently healthy controls. Gut bacteria flora were isolated as per recommended bacteria culture isolation and identification methods. Antibiotic susceptibility test was done using the disk diffusion method and Mast disks were used to identify extended-spectrum betalactamase (ESBL) and/or AmpC producing isolates. Result: A total of 245 bacterial isolates were isolated and identified. From these 124 (50.6%) bacteria were isolated from patients using Psychotropic medications. There was no bacteria profile difference between the two groups. Escherichia coli was the prevalent [100(80.6%) and 102 (84.3%)] bacteria isolated from patients using psychotropic medications and apparently healthy controls, respectively. Escherichia coli isolated from patients using psychotropic medications showed significantly higher resistance against tested amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cephalosporin (2nd, 3rd, 4th generations), Meropenem, ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline. The odds of isolating ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae [(OR=2.3, 95% C.I: (1.4-4.0)] and MDR [OR=5.4, 95% C.I:(1.5-29.8)] was higher on patients using psychotropic medications. Conclusion: The observed antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria isolated from guts of patients using psychotropic medications was very high. The magnitude of antibiotic resistance is more pronounced among E.coli isolates.
Simultaneous Operations for Gastric Cancer and Aortic Aneurysm: A Case Report
Authors: Komarov Roman , Osminin Sergey , Chernyavsky Stanislav , Ivashov Ivan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the second highest cause of morbidity among malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and fifth in overall cancer statistics. Diseases of the cardiovascular system are the leading cause of death in the world. Aneurysm of the abdominal aorta (AAA) is the most common type of vascular aneurysms, while in 75% of the cases it is asymptomatic. The risk of rupture of AAA increases progressively depending on its diameter and the age of the patient.Case presentation: A 56-year-old male patient underwent treatment with complaints of pain and discomfort in the epigastric region, general weakness, difficulty in passing food through the esophagus. The neoplasm extends to the esophagus up to 17-20 mm (pT3N3aM0 R0 stage IIIB TNM 8). The aortic diameter at the level of the renal arteries is 18 mm; lower than the main renal arteries, an expansion of up to 60 mm is visualized; the length of aneurysm is 105 mm extending to the bifurcation. A gastrectomy with a resection of the lower thoracic esophagus and application of a manual double-row Roux-en -Y esophagojejunal anastomosis with cholecystectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy. Longitudinal aneurysmectomy. Thrombectomy. The proximal anastomosis between the aorta and the synthetic linear prosthesis of 18 ×9 ×9 mm in the end-to-end type was formed by a continuous winding suture with the "Prolene" 5-0 thread. The end-to-end distal anastomosis of the prosthesis and aorta branch was formed by continuous winding suture with the "Prolene" 6-0 thread. The postoperative period proceeded without features and complications. On the 7th day after the surgery, the patient was discharged home in satisfactory condition.Conclusions: Performing a simultaneous operation allowed the patient to undergo rehabilitation after the treatment of two diseases during one hospitalization and, in the shortest possible time, to proceed to the next stage of gastric cancer treatment - chemotherapy, thereby improving the prognosis of life expectancy. Also one-stage surgical treatment of concomitant AAA and gastric cancer is well tolerated and can avoid financial costs, and patient anxiety involved in a second operation.
Identification of Candidate Biomarkers Associated With the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Endometrial Cancer ：A Bioinformatics Analysis Identifies
Authors: Wei Changqiang , Huang Le , Deng Lingjie , Lin Huisi , Pan Weicheng , Pang Lihong 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
BackgroundEndometrial cancer (EC) is a common malignancy tumor that seriously threatens the wellbeing and health of women. This study aimed to map the hub genes and potential pathways that may be involved in EC.MethodsIn our study, three gene expression profiles of GEO and EC data from the TCGA database were analyzed. We performed WGCNA, and Cox regression analyses to screen hub genes and further validated them by using HPA, KM plots, and other databases. We also studied the methylation level by UCSC Xena and mutation of hub genes using Cbioportal .ResultsWe identified 363 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (146 upregulated and 217 downregulated genes) . Pathway analysis revealed that hub genes are mainly related to cell cycle, DNA damage response, EMT, hormone ER, RAS/MAPK, and PI3K/AKT. Finally, we identified five hub genes that are related to the progression and prognosis of EC and screened several relevant small-molecule drugs.ConclusionsMTHFD2, KIF4A, TPX2, RPS6KA6, and SIX1 were identified as candidate biomarkers for further basic and clinical research on endometrial cancer.
­CT-Guided Oxygen-Ozone Intradiscal Injection Therapy for Thoracolumbar Intervertebral Disc Herniations (Hansen Type II) in Dogs
Authors: Dezhban Farkhondeh Fahim , Masoudifard Majid , Dehghan Mohammad Mehdi , Molazem Mohammad , Bahonar Alireza , Ezzati Amir , Ezati Morteza 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background: The study aims to investigate the treatment of thoracolumbar herniated intervertebral discs (IVD) in dogs using Oxygen-Ozone (O2-O3) intradiscal injection and assess the results using MRI which achieve more accurate details and procedures. Results: All indices were improved after the treatment, while, three were statistically significant at P<0.5. All 3 dogs returned to their normal life after this study. Conclusions: Intradiscal O2-O3 injection reduces the size of the herniated disc via disc shrinkage and decreasing the pressure of herniated part on the spinal cord.
Diagnostic Value of Next-Generation Sequencing to Detect Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Yin Han , Xu Duliang , Wang Dawei 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background We herein compared the diagnostic value of next-generation sequencing (NGS), bacterial culture, and serological biomarkers to detect periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) after joint replacement. Methods According to the diagnostic criteria of the Musculoskeletal Infection Society, 35 patients who underwent joint revision surgery were divided into infection (15 cases) and non-infection (20 cases) groups, and were routinely examined preoperatively for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and D-dimer levels. All patients underwent arthrocentesis preoperatively. Synovial fluid was used for white blood cell count, white blood cell classification, bacterial culture, and NGS. Furthermore, we calculated the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) for ESR, CRP, PCT, IL-6, and D-dimer. Data were assessed by comparing diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Results Fourteen patients showed positive results by NGS and seven showed positive bacterial culture results in the infection group; further, 18 showed negative results by NGS in the non-infection group. The AUC of ESR, D-dimer, CRP, IL-6, and PCT was 0.667, 0.572, 0.827, 0.767, and 0.808, respectively. The accuracy of NGS, bacterial culture, CRP, IL-6, and PCT was 0.91, 0.74, 0.77, 0.74, and 0.83, respectively. When comparing NGS with CRP, IL-6, PCT, and bacterial culture, differences in overall test results and those in sensitivity were statistically significant, and compared with CRP, differences in specificity were also statistically significant. In comparison with IL-6, PCT, and bacterial culture, the specificity of NGS was statistically insignificant. Conclusions Our results indicate that NGS is highly effective for diagnosing PJI.
Novel Hybrid Molecules Based on triazole-β-lactam as Potential Biological Agents
Authors: Shiri Pezhman 
Published: October 2020

:
Triazole ring is a cyclic scaffold containing three heteroatoms of nitrogen. They display a
broad variety of biological activities. The uncatalyzed/catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions are a chemical
reaction between a 1,3-dipole and a dipolarophile to achieve 1,2,3-triazoles.

:
The hybrid approach is an innovative and powerful synthetic tool for the synthesis of two or more distinct
entities in one molecule with novel biological activities. Owing to the high potential of β-lactams
to display noticeable biological properties, these compounds have been one of the important ingredients
in hybrid molecules. The four-membered lactams have been recognized as a part of penicillin.
There are various synthetic protocols for the synthesis of β-lactams. Staudinger reaction of the Schiff
bases with diphenylketenes is a successful and famous strategy for the synthesis of these products.

:
Even though, the number of heterocyclic compounds is limited, plenty of hybrids based on heterocyclic
compounds can be designed and prepared. The synthesis of hybrid products of triazole-β-lactam
has proved to be highly challenging. The current review article outlines the diversity and creativity in
the elegant synthesis of triazole-β-lactam hybrids as potential biological agents. Molecules including
isatin, ferrocene, bile acid, chalcone, and etc were attached to β-lactam with triazole linker, as well.
Idea Lab:
Authors: Connery Dianne , O'Connor Meaghan , Pierre-Louis Elizabeth , Kuscma Jason , Butnariu Melania , Serbanuta Claudia 
Published: October 2020

The Idea Lab within JLOE is a space to center the voices of library practitioners, with a focus on emerging practices and experimental approaches. This inaugural Idea Lab is dedicated to the creative and inspiring ways that libraries are connecting with their communities - either virtually or socially-distantly - while prioritizing health and safety for customers and for library workers.

The worldwide shut down of physical library locations brought public attention to what the library community has long known–that public libraries are a last refuge for the most vulnerable members of our communities. Many libraries quickly and successfully pivoted to digital services and virtual programming, all the while understanding that these services don’t meet the needs of some of our most regular customers. People who rely on public libraries for a human connection with a staff person or another customer, internet access, a cool space on a hot day, or something as simple as a water fountain.

So how have libraries responded to this urgent need to recreate our outreach and engagement strategies when our buildings are off limits and human connections are necessarily distanced by six feet or mediated through a screen?
At the District of Columbia Public Library, we’re building on a foundation of strong partnerships to stay connected, deliver programs, and provide updates about library services. This looks like conducting virtual outreach through partners like the Boys & Girls Club of Greater Washington and their Clubhouse in Your House initiative and other community organizations. We’re also developing downloadable kits that partners can use to lead their own programming while taking advantage of library resources. We’re putting together programming packages and book giveaways that we can deliver to a central location - like DC Housing Authority or a summer meals distribution site - for a partner to distribute to their constituents. We know that there are critical gaps that we aren’t able to safely support right now. But I’ve never been more proud of the ingenuity and compassion of my team, my library, and of libraries around the world.