bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Der sichere Lappen – Präoperatives Gefäß-Mapping und intraoperative Perfusionsmessung zur Reduktion der lappenbedingten Morbidität
Authors: Schmauss D. , Beier J.P. , Eisenhardt S.U. , Horch R.E. , Momeni A. , Rab M. , Rieck B. , Rieger U. , Schaefer D.J. , Schmidt V.J. , Kneser U. 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungDie rekonstruktive Mikrochirurgie mittels freier und gefäßgestielter Lappenplastiken ist heutzutage ein zuverlässiges Standardverfahren mit hohen Erfolgsraten. Um die Lappen-bedingte Morbidität noch weiter zu senken und die Eingriffe noch sicherer und vorhersehbarer zu gestalten, gewinnt das präoperative Gefäß-Mapping und die intraoperative Perfusionsmessung immer mehr an Bedeutung. Sowohl für das Gefäß-Mapping, als auch die Perfusionsmessung stehen verschiedene Methoden zur Verfügung, für deren Verwendung es jedoch keine Empfehlung gibt. In einem Konsensus-Workshop der 40. Jahrestagung der deutschsprachigen Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Mikrochirurgie der peripheren Nerven und Gefäße (DAM) wurde die Datenlage in einer Expertenrunde kritisch geprüft und ein Konsensus erarbeitet. Dieser stellt zum einen das Meinungsbild der Expertenrunde dar und gibt zum anderen vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Literatur Empfehlungen zur Verwendung des präoperativen Gefäß-Mappings und der intraoperativen Perfusionsmessung.
Kontinuierliches subkortikales Mapping zur Überwachung der Pyramidenbahn bei der Entfernung von motorisch eloquent gelegenen Hirntumoren
Authors: Seidel Kathleen , Schucht Philippe , Beck Jürgen , Raabe Andreas 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungDie moderne neurochirurgische Onkologie verfolgt das Konzept der maximalen Tumorentfernung mit gleichzeitiger Funktionserhaltung. Dies ist bei Gliomen eine Herausforderung, da Tumorgrenzen nicht immer sichtbar sind und anatomische Landmarken verschoben sein können. Im folgenden Artikel werden intraoperative neurophysiologische Methoden zur Lokalisation und Überwachung des Primär Motorischen Kortex und der Pyramidenbahn in der supratentoriellen Tumorchirurgie diskutiert.
Was ist Telemedizin und wofür brauchen wir sie?
Authors: Dähnert Enrico 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungWie wäre es, wenn auf Intensivstationen zusätzlich zum bettseitigen Behandlungsteam jederzeit Experten anwesend wären, um das Team der primär behandelnden Intensivstation mit ihrem Know-how in Echtzeit zu unterstützen? Mit Telemedizin ist das möglich. 0057ir stellen das spannende Handlungsfeld vor.
Differentialdiagnose von Beinschmerzen in der Phlebologie
Authors: Mendoza Erika 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungBeinschmerzen, besonders wenn sie plötzlich auftreten, sind oft mit der Angst vor einer Thrombose belegt. Die Tatsache, dass viele Menschen ihre Beine betrachten, nachdem sie dort Schmerzen fühlen und eine Krampfader beobachten, die sie vielleicht vorher noch nicht wahrgenommen haben, führt oft zu der Assoziation, dass die Krampfadern die Schmerz verursachende Grunderkrankung darstellen. Grundsätzlich sind venös bedingte Beinschmerzen sehr selten, es ist vielmehr so, dass Krampfadern einfach zusätzlich vorhanden sind. Venös bedingte Beschwerden sind eher Juckreiz, Schweregefühl, Ödeme, Hautveränderungen. Weitaus häufigere Ursachen für Beinschmerzen sind neurologischer, orthopädischer, arthrogen oder muskulärer Natur. Der Artikel beschreibt venös bedingte Beinschmerzen und bietet Hilfen zur differentialdiagnostischen Abgrenzung gegenüber den anderen Ursachen.
Glücksspielcharakter von Computerspielen
Authors: Schaack Christian , Dreier Michael , Theis Caroline , Krell Mathias , Roth Nina 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungDer Glückspielcharakter von kostenlosen Computerspielen verändert nicht nur das Freitzeiterleben der Spielenden, er hat auch psychosoziale und sozioökonomische Folgen. Ausgeklügelte Bezahlmechaniken verleiten Spielende zu hohen Investitionen ins Spiel. Glücksspielelemente wie z. B. Lootboxen, die Verschleierung von investierten Geldbeträgen und die Ausnutzung des Nutzerverhaltens für Kaufanreize, sind zentraler Bestandteil der Monetarisierungsstrategien der Publisher. Einige Länder wie Belgien oder Holland tragen dieser Entwicklung bereits Rechnung und haben Lootboxen als illegales Glücksspiel eingeordnet und mit einem Verbot belegt. Problematisch sind Spiele mit den genannten Mechaniken allerdings gerade für vulnerable Gruppen wie z. B. Kinder, Jugendliche und riskant bzw. abhängig nutzende, wie die vorliegenden Daten zeigen. Computerspiele mit Glücksspielcharakter stellen somit ein gesellschaftliches Problem mit Handlungsbedarf dar, gerade weil die diskutierten Mechaniken bereits Anwendung in vielen kostenlosen Computerspielen finden. Es stellt sich also längst nicht mehr nur die Frage nach dem kulturellen Mehrwert von Computerspielen. Die Frage nach adäquater und kompetenzfördernder Suchtprävention, welche Kindern, jungen Menschen und Erwachsenen einen selbstbestimmten und ausgeglichenen Umgang mit dem Medium Computerspiel ermöglicht, stellt sich ebenfalls. Die Anpassung der Kriterien für die USK-Altersfreigabe kostenloser Computerspiele mit Glücksspielelementen, flankiert von einem zeitgemäßen Jungendschutz und einer Obergrenze monatlicher Investitionen in Computerspiele mit Mikrotransaktionen, stellen hierfür zentrale Aspekte dar.
Zugang mobiler Gesundheitstechnologien zur GKV
Authors: Gensorowsky Daniel , Düvel Juliane , Hasemann Lena , Greiner Wolfgang 
Published: November 2019

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund An den Einsatz gesundheitsbezogener digitaler Anwendungen auf mobilen Endgeräten („Gesundheits-Apps“) sind große Nutzenerwartungen geknüpft. Die regelhafte Bereitstellung dieser mobilen Gesundheitstechnologien über die Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung (GKV) erfolgt bislang jedoch nicht. Dies lässt die Existenz struktureller Probleme im Zugang zur GKV-Erstattung vermuten.
Ziel Ziel dieser Studie ist die Identifikation von Herausforderungen, welche den erfolgreichen GKV-Zugang mobiler Gesundheitstechnologien erschweren.
Material und Methoden Zwischen acht und zwölf Vertreter zentraler am Zugangsprozess beteiligter Akteursgruppen diskutierten in fünf teilstrukturierten Fokusgruppeninterviews die Herausforderungen entlang potenzieller GKV-Zugangswege. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels zusammenfassender Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring.
Ergebnisse Es wurden zugangswegübergreifende und -spezifische Herausforderungen identifiziert. Übergreifend nahmen die Interviewten Wissens- und Informationsdefizite bezüglich der Zugangsanforderungen sowie die fehlende Vereinbarkeit mobiler Gesundheitstechnologien mit den segmentierten Regelungsbereichen des SGB V als Problemfelder wahr. Die Bereiche Primärprävention und Selektivverträge wurden als bereits gut geebnete Wege in die Erstattung erachtet. Für die Bereiche Neue Untersuchungs- und Behandlungsmethoden, Heil- und Hilfsmittelversorgung wurden größere Herausforderungen identifiziert, die neben unklarer Zugangseignung verschiedene prozessuale Hürden umfassen.
Schlussfolgerung Die bessere Nutzung der Potenziale mobiler Gesundheitstechnologien erfordert die Adressierung der beschriebenen Herausforderungen durch gesetzliche und untergesetzliche Maßnahmen. Angesichts der heterogenen Positionen sollte die Entwicklung dieser Lösungsansätze unter enger Einbindung der Stakeholder erfolgen.
Introduction.
Authors: Sitepu B. , Laksono N. D. , Setiawati U. , Nur F. , Rahmaningsih M. , Anwar Y. , Widodo P. , Forster B. P. , Purba A. R. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Field testing - trialling - of oil palm is subject to many factors, chief among them being the basic biological features of the crop (it is a long-lived perennial) and the traits to be assessed (mainly yield, thus mature palms need to be produced). Trialling is the next step after breeders have produced progeny from deliberate crosses, and this in turn is dependent upon the genetic variation available to the breeder (see Setiawati et al., 2018, this series). Trialling allows the selection of progenies and palms based on field performance, and these can then be promoted to variety status and commercial production (see Kelanaputra et al., 2018, this series). Oil palm, Elaeis guineensis, is the world's most important oil crop. Although it has been used to some extent as a food since ancient times in its centre of origin (West Africa), it is a relatively modern crop, with Southeast Asia now being the main production region. A brief history of the development of the oil palm crop (significant dates and eras) is given. Improvement of the crop through breeding and trialling is relatively recent, with beginnings in the early 20th century. Since breeding is dependent upon access to traits of interest, germplasm collections from the centre of origin have been made. In addition, variation is being produced by mutation induction and selection (see Nur et al., 2018, this series). Thus, oil palm breeders have access to a rich germplasm base and can create progenies which combine novel traits (e.g. disease resistance) with traditional traits (e.g. thin-shelled fruit type), which then need to be tested in field trials.
Health and safety considerations.
Authors: Sitepu B. , Laksono N. D. , Setiawati U. , Nur F. , Rahmaningsih M. , Anwar Y. , Widodo P. , Forster B. P. , Purba A. R. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Standard health and safety protocols are needed in all breeding trial activities, and these include activities in the field, nursery and the laboratory. The official standards can vary depending on country and regulations, but good standards should be maintained whatever requirements are officially needed. Identification and elimination of hazards and risks, followed by the development of specific safety practices and procedures for preventing and responding to workplace accidents and injuries are important in establishing effective occupational health and safe working conditions. Guidelines in health and safety issues relating to field trials and related nursery and laboratory activities in oil palm breeding are given below. They are also provided by various organisations.
Land preparation.
Authors: Sitepu B. , Laksono N. D. , Setiawati U. , Nur F. , Rahmaningsih M. , Anwar Y. , Widodo P. , Forster B. P. , Purba A. R. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Previous land use determines the operations needed in preparing land for trialling. Trialling in primary and secondary forest is not a sustainable nor an environmentally friendly practice and should not be carried out. In sustainable oil palm production, previous land should normally be a previous plantation crop (e.g. rubber, coconut or oil palm). The procedures for the felling of two of these plantation crops, clearing the land and preparing the trial site ready for planting, are given as examples here. These procedures need to be carefully timed and coordinated with nursery plant production and season (oil palm is normally planted in the rainy season). They are also regulated by the need for and involvement of eco-friendly practices - for example, 'zero burning, zero smoke', in clearing the land area. Heavy specialised equipment is used throughout and operators and field work must observe standard operating procedures.
Preparation, characterization and release profile of chitosan alginate freeze dried matrices loaded with mangostins
Authors: Mulia Kamarza , Rachman Dicki , Krisanti Elsa Anisa 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Freeze drying or lyophilisation method was selected for preparing chitosan-alginate matrices loaded with the extract of mangosteen pericarp for oral administration. The objective of this research was to obtain chitosan-alginate matrices for colon targeted drug delivery system that had a high content of mangostins by using a freeze drying method. Various compositions of matrices consisting of chitosan, alginate and mangostins have been used to study the effect of alginate and mangostin content on the release property of freeze dried matrices. Sharp X-ray diffraction peaks of the crystalline phase in pure chitosan and pure alginate, vanished in the chitosan-alginate matrices. The infrared spectroscopy spectra of matrices showed that mangostins were entrapped in the matrices. Release of mangostin from the chitosan-alginate freeze dried matrices was affected by the proportions of alginate and mangostins in the formulations. The in-vitro release assays in simulated gastrointestinal fluids showed the mangostin was burst released from the chitosan-alginate matrices prepared by freeze drying method. The chitosan extract-alginate matrix with mass ratios of 1:0.1:0.5 showed low release of mangostin in simulated gastric fluid, but high release in simulated intestinal and simulated colonic fluids. The freeze drying method facilitates high bioactive loading, and with a proper proportion of chitosan and alginate, it should be possible to obtain matrices that can be used for colon targeted oral drug delivery.
Response Surface Analysis on the Microwave Integrated-Rumen Based Extraction of Natural Vanillin from Cured Vanilla Pods
Authors: Paramita V , Yulianto ME 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
This study investigated the optimization of enzymatically extraction of vanillin from cured vanilla pods. The novelty is an establishment of enzymatic-hydrolysis extraction method conducted with a microwave heating source. These enzymes are able to disrupt the shell wall of the pods in order to shift the equilibrium phase, and thus enhance the extraction rate and yield. The observed parameters were type of enzymes (protease and cellulase), temperatures (30, 40, 50 °C), mass of enzymes (0, 6, 12, 24 gr) and extraction time (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 min). The protease and cellulase were isolated from rumen liquid. The experimental and mathematical analysis of vanillin content and reducing sugar content were performed by using high performance liquid chromatography and response surface methodology, respectively. The acquired coefficients of determination for protease and cellulase addition were 0.6801 and 0.8064, respectively. These results indicated that the vanillin content obtained by cellulase addition provide a better model accuracy than that of the protease. In order to yield the predicted optimum value of vanillin content by cellulase addition at 118.15 mg/L, the attained critical parameters were 35 °C of temperature with 22.89 of mass of cellulase (or 1:26.2 of enzyme-substrate ratio) during 38.52 min.
Flux Decline and Blocking Mechanism in Ultrafiltration of Glycerin-Rich Solution
Authors: Harivram A S K , Aryanti N , Wardhani D H 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the oleochemical industry, crude glycerin is a byproduct of biodiesel production. As a byproduct, crude glycerin has a low economic value and very limited applications. To improve these limitations, the purification of glycerin is required. One method for glycerin purification is a filtration process that uses ultrafiltration (UF) membranes based on polyethersulfone (PES). However, this process has several problems, particularly the flux decline that occurs during filtration. Thus, the aim of this study was to obtain a better understanding of the flux decline and blocking mechanism that occur in the UF of glycerin. In this work, the flux decline and blocking mechanism were observed by commercializing the UF of the PES membrane with a 1-kDa molecular weight cut-off. The investigated parameters were the pressure, temperature, and pH with ranges of 2–4 bar, 40–60oC, and 4–9, respectively. The results showed that the flux decline was significant due to the relatively small size of impurities, which clog the membrane’s pores. Furthermore, the blocking mechanism was analyzed using Hermia’s model, and it was found that the blocking mechanism was mostly dominated by cake formation, except at a pH of 7.
The effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae concentrations on second generation bioethanol production from oil palm frond
Authors: Ahmad A , Muria S R , Dewi M 
Published: November 2019

AbstractOil palm is one of the plantation commodities that have important role in economic activity in Indonesia. With a total area of 11.30 million hectares and 75,517,083 tons of oil palm waste per year and it has a calorific value of 3350 kcal/kg, it has the potential to contribute alternative energy from the biomass. In addition to being utilized as an environmentally friendly renewable energy source, conversion of oil palm to bioethanol also helps to reduce untapped waste. Producing bioethanol from oil palm frond can be done through fermentation process. One of factors that affect the fermentation process is the number of cells of microorganisms. The microorganism used in this study isSaccharomyces cerevisiae.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeconcentration on fermentation process on bioethanol produced and determine the best time of fermentation to bioethanol production from oil palm frond. The production of bioethanol from oil palm frond includes stages of delignification of oil palm frond using KOH solution obtained from empty fruit bunches ash extract, purification of oil palm using 3% H2O2 solution, hydrolysis using 1% H2SO4 with 100°C for 60 minutes, and fermentation usingSaccharomyces cerevisiaewith variation ofSaccharomyces cerevisiaeconcentration 4 g/L, 6 g/L, 8 g/L, and 10 g/L. The maximum sugar concentration produced by the hydrolysis process was 117.55 g/L. The best bioethanol concentration was obtained at 3.29% (v/v) or 25.97 g/L atSaccharomyces cerevisiae8 g/L concentration and 96 hours fermentation time.
Production of Second Generation Bioethanol from Palm Fruit Fiber Biomass using Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Ahmad A , Muria S R , Tuljannah M 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Indonesia was the largest producer and exporter of palm oil in the world. As the plantation area expands, the increasing number of palm oil process industries results in large amounts of waste product. The biggest waste was of palm fruit fiber (fiber cake). It was known that 1 ton of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of palm oil will produced 13% or 130 kg of fiber cake. By look at the potential that can be generated from the fruit fiber of palm oil (fiber cake) coming from the CPO process industry has a value that to use as the main ingredients in the making of alternative bioethanol fuel. The purposes of this study were to synthesize bioethanol from the raw material of palm fruit fibers, to determine the influence of the amount of Saccharomyces cerevisiae weight on bioethanol, and to determine the optimum time of bioethanol production from the raw material of palm fruit fibers by separation hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) method. The stages of this study were delignification used KOH solution obtained from the extract of Palm Empty Cluster Ash, then the purification process using 3% H2O2 solution. Then the hydrolysis process using 2 M H2SO4 for 3 hours at 100°C. The last process was fermentation. In the fermentation process, variations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae concentration were 4, 6, 8 and 10 gr/L and fermentation time were 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours. In acid hydrolysis, a maximum sugar concentration of 131 gr/L was produced. The best Saccharomyces cerevisiae concentration in this study was 4 gr/L at the best fermentation time of 96 hours with the obtained bioethanol content of 7% or 55.25 g/L.
Process Fermentation of Filtrate Bamboo with Saccharomyces Cerevisiae and Zymomonas Mobilis
Authors: Sari N K , Ernawati D 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Fermentation is the process of the formation of ethanol from glucose by using enzymes. Bamboo is one of the materials containing glucose is high enough, that is previously done hydrolysis in advance. Bamboo used when the hydrolysis process of bamboo that does not include lignin and the pentose done process of pretreatment and not lignification. The purpose of this research is to produce ethanol as a raw material substitution of bioethanol, knowing pentose and dirt left in the bamboo. Therefore, need to be studied in the future, with the best process, that we used biological processes that can optimize the production of ethanol. The use of the enzyme (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae and Zymomonas Mobilis) is also significant because of the optimum enzyme conditions. Temperature, pH, and the yeast with optimal conditions when it can raise the level of his work. The fermentation process at temperature 25 C and 45 C, the filtrate is 500 ml solution of bamboo and the stirring speed of 200 rpm. The variable composed enzyme with a ratio (v/v) of 0.25 to 0.75. Resulting from the fermentation processed can produce ethanol with a yield 30.5% and 36% of the weight of the bamboo. The result of the process of fermentation obtained bioethanol with low ethanol yield of 10-15%, which requires the flash distillation process to obtain yield bioethanol technical 90-95%.
Effect of KOH as Deacetylation Agent on Physicochemical Properties of Glucomannan
Authors: Wardhani D H , Cahyono H , Dwinanda M F H. , Nabila P R , Aryanti N , Pangestuti D R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Glucomannan is one of the high viscosity polysaccharides with high water absorbing capacity as well as solubility. These properties limit glucomannan applications. Hence the property needs to be modified. Glucomannan has 5-10% acetyl groups which conferred its physicochemical properties. Replacing the acetyl with alkali, transforms the physicochemical characterisation of the glucomannan. This study aimed to determine the effect of deacetylation conditions on the physicochemical properties of glucomannan of Amorphophallus oncophyllus. The effects of concentration of KOH (0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 M) and reaction time (2, 8, 16 and 24 h) on the degree of deacetylation (DD), solubility, and viscosity of the glucomannan were studied. The concentration of KOH and reaction time showed a positive impact on the DD of the glucomannan. Solubility and viscosity decreased with increasing KOH concentration and extending the duration of the deacetylation. It was suggested that the changes in the physicochemical properties were due to the replacement of the acetyl group with the alkali during deacetylation. However, the effect of this replacement was not linear with the variables. This nonlinearity could be due to the various removal distributions of the acetyl groups during the deacetylation.
Hydrocolloids to The Effects of Gluten Free Bakery Products
Authors: Herawati H. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The technology of the gluten free production process has begun to be studied in order to prevent the occurrence of ciliac disease or inflammation of the digestive tract. The absence of gluten which can increase the viscosity and extension characteristics of bakery products is needed to improve the quality of bakery products. Hydrocolloid is a food additive that is known to have characteristics that can increase the viscosity of the dough and improve the quality of gluten free bakery products. In this paper try to examine the opportunities of several hydrocolloids and their characteristics on the quality of gluten free bakery products produced. The study in this paper is expected to provide benefits in the development of gluten free bakery products in general.