bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of association between periodontitis and polymorphisms of IL‐1β + 3954 and TNF‐α ‐863 in the Korean population after controlling for confounding risk factors
Authors: Kim Hyun‐Joo , Kim Eun‐Hye , Park Ae Kyung , Shin Yerang , Kang Jihoon , Lim Jaesung , Bhak Jong , Lee Ju‐Youn , Kim Byung Chul , Joo Ji‐Young 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveInterleukin (IL)‐1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α are inflammatory cytokines that play an important role in periodontitis, and their genetic variations have been suggested to be associated with increased risk of periodontitis. Focusing on three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL‐1α + 4845, IL‐1β + 3954, and TNF‐α −863, we aimed to investigate the relationship between periodontitis risk and the polymorphisms of IL‐1 α/β and TNF‐α in Koreans.Material and MethodsMouthwash samples from 548 subjects (135 controls without periodontitis, 387 generalized chronic periodontitis patients, and 26 generalized aggressive periodontitis patients) were collected for isolation of genomic DNA. Genotyping of selected SNPs was performed using real‐time PCR. Univariable associations between the polymorphisms and periodontitis were assessed by chi‐squared test or Fisher's exact test. To evaluate the association after controlling for confounding effects of various risk factors, we stratified the subjects according to the presence or absence of self‐reported diseases and employed multiple logistic regression model to adjust for age, smoking status, and oral hygiene indices and behaviors.ResultsSignificant association of IL‐1β + 3954 and TNF‐α −863 polymorphisms with periodontitis was observed after adjusting for the confounding risk factors, but not in univariable association analysis. The significant association between genotype CT of IL‐1β + 3954 and increased risk of advanced periodontitis was consistently detected regardless of the status of self‐reported diseases. In the polymorphism of TNF‐α −863, the genotype with minor allele (CA + AA) was significantly associated with periodontitis susceptibility, which was observed only in the subjects with self‐reported diseases.ConclusionThe results suggest that genetic variations of IL‐1β + 3954 and TNF‐α −863 are associated with increased risk of periodontitis in Koreans. In addition, our findings underscore the importance of controlling for confounding risk factors to detect significant association between genetic factors and risk of periodontitis. A further well‐designed large‐scale study is needed to warrant our results.
Kinetics of single and dual simultaneous infection of pigs with swine influenza A virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
Authors: Pomorska‐Mól Małgorzata , Podgórska Katarzyna , Czyżewska‐Dors Ewelina , Turlewicz‐Podbielska Hanna , Gogulski Maciej , Włodarek Jan , Łukomska Anna 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundSimultaneous viral infections exhibit the phenomenon of viral interference, but understanding of the effect of one virus on another is limited.ObjectiveEvaluate and compare clinical characteristics, immune and acute phase response, viral shedding and viral load in pigs singly and doubly inoculated with swine influenza A virus (swIAV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV).AnimalsFifty‐four 7‐week‐old piglets.MethodsClinical status and gross lung lesions were scored. Titration of swIAV was carried out in Madin‐Darby canine kidney cells. The PRRSV RNA was quantified using a commercial qPCR kit. Antibodies were detected by hemagglutination inhibition assay and commercial ELISA. A lymphocyte proliferation assay was used to measure antigen‐specific T‐cell responses. Acute phase proteins were determined using ELISA.ResultsNo differences were found between mean clinical scores, swIAV and PRRSV shedding, and magnitude of the humoral and T‐cell response between single‐inoculated and dual‐inoculated groups. Concentrations of C‐reactive protein and haptoglobin increased in PRRSV‐inoculated and coinoculated groups, whereas serum amyloid A concentration was increased in groups inoculated or coinoculated with swIAV. Mean swIAV TCID50titers in the lungs did not differ significantly between coinoculated and swIAV single‐inoculated pigs. A significantly higher mean copy number of PRRSV was found in the lungs of PRRSV only‐inoculated pigs at 2 day postinoculation (DPI). From 4 DPI, no significant differences in PRRSV load were identified.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCoinfection of pigs with swIAV and PRRSV did not potentiate clinical signs, lung lesions, immune response, and replication of the viruses in the respiratory tract.
Ciliate diversity and distribution across horizontal and vertical scales in the open ocean
Authors: Canals Oriol , Obiol Aleix , Muhovic Imer , Vaqué Dolors , Massana Ramon 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCiliates are globally distributed eukaryotic organisms inhabiting virtually all environments on Earth. Although ciliates range from 10 µm to a few millimetres in cell size, they are repeatedly reported in the pico‐sized fraction (<2–3 µm) of molecular surveys. Here, we used existing data sets (BioMarKs and Tara Oceans) with different size fractions to demonstrate that the ciliate pico‐sized signal, probably derived from cell breakage during filtration, is informative and reliable to study marine ciliate biodiversity and biogeography. We then used sequences from the pico‐eukaryotic fraction of two circumnavigation expeditions, Malaspina‐2010 and Tara Oceans, to give insights into the taxonomic composition and horizontal and vertical distribution of ciliates in the global ocean. The results suggested a high homogeneity of ciliate communities along the ocean surface from temperate to tropical waters, with ciliate assemblages dominated by a few abundant and widely distributed taxa. Very few taxa were found in a single oceanic region, therefore suggesting a high level of ciliate cosmopolitanism in the global ocean. In vertical profiles, ciliates were detected up to 4,000 m depth, and a clear vertical community structuring was observed. Our results provided evidence supporting ciliates as deeply integrated organisms in the deep‐sea trophic web, where they may play a relevant role as symbionts of metazoans and grazers of prokaryotes and small eukaryotes in the water column and in aggregates.
Phylogenetic signals and predictability in plant–soil feedbacks
Authors: Wandrag Elizabeth M. , Bates Sarah E. , Barrett Luke G. , Catford Jane A. , Thrall Peter H. , van der Putten Wim H. , Duncan Richard P. 
Published: July 2020

SummaryThere is strong evidence for a phylogenetic signal in the degree to which species share co‐evolved biotic partners and in the outcomes of biotic interactions. This implies there should be a phylogenetic signal in the outcome of feedbacks between plants and the soil microbiota they cultivate. However, attempts to identify a phylogenetic signal in plant–soil feedbacks have produced mixed results.Here we clarify how phylogenetic signals could arise in plant–soil feedbacks and use a recent compilation of data from feedback experiments to identify: whether there is a phylogenetic signal in the outcome of plant–soil feedbacks; and whether any signal arises through directional or divergent changes in feedback outcomes with evolutionary time.We find strong evidence for a divergent phylogenetic signal in feedback outcomes. Distantly related plant species show more divergent responses to each other’s soil microbiota compared with closely related plant species. The pattern of divergence implies occasional co‐evolutionary shifts in how plants interact with soil microbiota, with strongly contrasting feedback responses among some plant lineages.Our results highlight that it is difficult to predict feedback outcomes from phylogeny alone, other than to say that more closely related species tend to have more similar responses.
CDK8 is associated with RAP2.6 and SnRK2.6 and positively modulates abscisic acid signaling and drought response in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhu Yingfang , Huang Pengcheng , Guo Pengcheng , Chong Leelyn , Yu Gaobo , Sun Xiaoli , Hu Tao , Li Yuan , Hsu Chuan‐Chih , Tang Kai , Zhou Yun , Zhao Chunzhao , Gao Wei , Tao W. Andy , Mengiste Tesfaye , Zhu Jian‐Kang 
Published: July 2020

Summary

CDK8 is a key subunit of Mediator complex, a large multiprotein complex that is a fundamental part of the conserved eukaryotic transcriptional machinery. However, the biological functions of CDK8 in plant abiotic stress responses remain largely unexplored.

Here, we demonstrated CDK8 as a critical regulator in the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and drought response pathways in Arabidopsis. Compared to wild‐type, cdk8 mutants showed reduced sensitivity to ABA, impaired stomatal apertures and hypersensitivity to drought stress. Transcriptomic and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that CDK8 positively regulates the transcription of several ABA‐responsive genes, probably through promoting the recruitment of RNA polymerase II to their promoters.

We discovered that both CDK8 and SnRK2.6 interact physically with an ERF/AP2 transcription factor RAP2.6, which can directly bind to the promoters of RD29A and COLD‐REGULATED 15A (COR15A) with GCC or DRE elements, thereby promoting their expression. Importantly, we also showed that CDK8 is essential for the ABA‐induced expression of RAP2.6 and RAP2.6‐mediated upregulation of ABA‐responsive genes, indicating that CDK8 could link the SnRK2.6‐mediated ABA signaling to RNA polymerase II to promote immediate transcriptional response to ABA and drought signals.

Overall, our data provide new insights into the roles of CDK8 in modulating ABA signaling and drought responses.
Analysis of lncRNAs‐miRNAs‐mRNAs networks in periodontal ligament stem cells under mechanical force
Authors: Wang Hong , Feng Cheng , Li Mengying , Zhang Zijie , Liu Jiani , Wei Fulan 
Published: July 2020

AbstractObjectivesOur study aims to analyze the expression profiles of long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and investigate the potential regulatory networks among lncRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), and mRNAs in periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) under mechanical force (MF).Materials and MethodsPDLSCs were isolated from human periodontal ligament tissues and identified by flow cytometry analysis. Multidirectional differentiation potential of PDLSCs was obtained by osteogenic and adipogenic induction. High‐throughput RNA sequencing was used to identify the expression patterns of lncRNAs and mRNAs in PDLSCs under MF. MF‐responsive miRNAs were obtained from the previous microarray data. LncRNAs‐miRNAs‐mRNAs networks were constructed by Cytoscape.ResultsPDLSCs cultured from the periodontal ligament tissues were positive for STRO‐1, CD146 and negative for CD45, CD34. Alizarin red staining and Oil Red O staining showed that PDLSCs had the ability of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Then, a total of 1,339 and 1,426 differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were identified, respectively, in PDLSCs under MF. Based on the previous miRNA microarray analysis, the potential interaction networks of lncRNAs‐miRNAs‐mRNAs were constructed. It was found that lncRNAs and mRNAs could competitively interact with the same miRNA.ConclusionsLncRNAs‐miRNAs‐mRNAs networks were involved in PDLSCs under MF, which might provide a novel mechanism in the regulation of clinical orthodontic tooth movement process.
Intra‐gastrointestinal amyloid‐β1–42 oligomers perturb enteric function and induce Alzheimer's disease pathology
Authors: Sun Yayi , Sommerville Nerina R. , Liu Julia Yuen Hang , Ngan Man Piu , Poon Daniel , Ponomarev Eugene D. , Lu Zengbing , Kung Jeng S. C. , Rudd John A. 
Published: July 2020

Key points
Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and transgenic mice have beta‐amyloid (Aβ) aggregation in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
It is possible that Aβ from the periphery contributes to the load of Aβ in the brain, as Aβ has prion‐like properties.
The present investigations demonstrate that Aβ injected into the GI tract of ICR mice is internalised into enteric cholinergic neurons; at 1 month, administration of Aβ into the body of the stomach and the proximal colon was observed to partly redistribute to the fundus and jejunum; at 1 year, vagal and cerebral β‐amyloidosis was present, and mice exhibited GI dysfunction and cognitive deficits.
These data reveal a previously undiscovered mechanism that potentially contributes to the development of AD.
AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age‐related cause of dementia, characterised by extracellular beta‐amyloid (Aβ) plaques and intracellular phosphorylated tau tangles in the brain. Aβ deposits have also been observed in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of AD patients and transgenic mice, with overexpression of amyloid precursor protein. In the present studies, we investigate whether intra‐GI administration of Aβ can potentially induce amyloidosis in the central nervous system (CNS) and AD‐related pathology such as dementia. We micro‐injected Aβ1–42 oligomers (4 μg per site, five sites) or vehicle (saline, 5 μl) into the gastric wall of ICR mice under general anaesthesia. Immunofluorescence staining and in vivo imaging showed that HiLyte Fluor 555‐labelled Aβ1–42 had migrated within 3 h via the submucosa to nearby areas and was internalised into cholinergic neurons. At 1 month, HiLyte Fluor 555‐labelled Aβ1–42 in the body of the stomach and proximal colon had partly re‐distributed to the fundus and jejunum. At 1 year, the jejunum showed functional alterations in neuromuscular coupling (P < 0.001), and Aβ deposits were present in the vagus and brain, with animals exhibiting cognitive impairments in the Y‐maze spontaneous alteration test (P < 0.001) and the novel object recognition test (P < 0.001). We found that enteric Aβ oligomers induce an alteration in gastric function, amyloidosis in the CNS, and AD‐like dementia via vagal mechanisms. Our results suggest that Aβ load is likely to occur initially in the GI tract and may translocate to the brain, opening the possibility of new strategies for the early diagnosis and prevention of AD.
The Role of Flow Structures on the Thermal Performance of Microchannels With Wall Features
Authors: Datta Aparesh , Debbarma Dipak , Biswas Nirmalendu , Sanyal Dipankar , Das Ajoy Kumar 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Innovative design of microchannel heat sinks (MCHS) remains a contemporary research need to meet the increasing cooling demand of modern electronic industries. A transient three-dimensional conjugate heat transfer study has been carried out here for different combinations of constrictors like ribs or protrusions along with cavities on the sidewalls of a microchannel (MC). A facing pair of cavities with circular arc sections, together called a fan-shaped cavity (FC), has been considered. Each in the facing pair of ribs (R) or protrusions (P) is in the form of a part of cylinder or sphere, respectively. The results include the variations of Nusselt number, friction factor, and thermal performance over a range of Reynolds numbers from 140 to 605 in microchannels with rib (MCR), protrusion (MCP), or cavity pairs alone (MCFC), as well as with cavity-rib pairs (MCFCR) or cavity–protrusion pairs (MCFCP). Contrasting the highest thermal performance of 1.6 reported in an earlier study on MCFCR, a value as high as 1.76 has been obtained around Re of 550 for MCFCP with the relative values of cavity length, width, and pitch of 0.015, 0.5, and 0.0625, respectively, along with protrusion length and width of 0.01 and 0.4, respectively. The mechanisms leading to spiraling transverse streamlines in both MCFCR and MCFCP have been explained. The superior performance of MCFCP has presumably arisen from the vortex structure with no interference with the boundary layers at the top and bottom walls.
Developments in Tribology of Manufacturing Processes
Authors: Schmid S. R. , Saha P. K. , Wang J. , Schmitz T. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Tribology in manufacturing has seen tremendous development in the past 100 years and essentially was transformed from a known and unavoidable nuisance to a sophisticated discipline. This is demonstrated by the reliability and quality of products that result in modern metal forming and cutting. This paper provides a brief summary of the state-of-the-art in manufacturing tribology, discussing some of the important developments in the field.
Metformin and statin use associate with plasma proteinN-glycosylation in people with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Singh Sunny S , Naber Annemieke , Dotz Viktoria , Schoep Emma , Memarian Elham , Slieker Roderick C , Elders Petra J M , Vreeker Gerda , Nicolardi Simone , Wuhrer Manfred , Sijbrands Eric J G , Lieverse Aloysius G , 't Hart Leen M , van Hoek Mandy 
Published: July 2020

IntroductionRecent studies revealedN-glycosylation signatures of type 2 diabetes, inflammation and cardiovascular risk factors. Most people with diabetes use medication to reduce cardiovascular risk. The association of these medications with the plasmaN-glycome is largely unknown. We investigated the associations of metformin, statin, ACE inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), sulfonylurea (SU) derivatives and insulin use with the total plasmaN-glycome in type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsAfter enzymatic release from glycoproteins,N-glycans were measured by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry in the DiaGene (n=1815) and Hoorn Diabetes Care System (n=1518) cohorts. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate associations with medication, adjusted for clinical characteristics. Results were meta-analyzed and corrected for multiple comparisons.ResultsMetformin and statins were associated with decreased fucosylation and increased galactosylation and sialylation in glycans unrelated to immunoglobulin G. Bisection was increased within diantennary fucosylated non-sialylated glycans, but decreased within diantennary fucosylated sialylated glycans. Only few glycans were associated with ACE inhibitor/ARBs, while none associated with insulin and SU derivative use.ConclusionsWe conclude that metformin and statins associate with a total plasmaN-glycome signature in type 2 diabetes. Further studies are needed to determine the causality of these relations, and futureN-glycomic research should consider medication a potential confounder.
Acute cerebrovascular disease following COVID-19: a single center, retrospective, observational study
Authors: Li Yanan , Li Man , Wang Mengdie , Zhou Yifan , Chang Jiang , Xian Ying , Wang David , Mao Ling , Jin Huijuan , Hu Bo 
Published: July 2020

Background and purpose
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Apart from respiratory complications, acute cerebrovascular disease (CVD) has been observed in some patients with COVID-19. Therefore, we described the clinical characteristics, laboratory features, treatment and outcomes of CVD complicating SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Materials and methods
Demographic and clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, treatments and clinical outcomes were collected and analysed. Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings of patients with COVID-19 with or without new-onset CVD were compared.

Results
Of 219 patients with COVID-19, 10 (4.6%) developed acute ischaemic stroke and 1 (0.5%) had intracerebral haemorrhage. COVID-19 with new onset of CVD were significantly older (75.7±10.8 years vs 52.1±15.3 years, p<0.001), more likely to present with severe COVID-19 (81.8% vs 39.9%, p<0.01) and were more likely to have cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes and medical history of CVD (all p<0.05). In addition, they were more likely to have increased inflammatory response and hypercoagulable state as reflected in C reactive protein (51.1 (1.3–127.9) vs 12.1 (0.1–212.0) mg/L, p<0.05) and D-dimer (6.9 (0.3–20.0) vs 0.5 (0.1–20.0) mg/L, p<0.001). Of 10 patients with ischemic stroke; 6 received antiplatelet treatment with aspirin or clopidogrel; and 3 of them died. The other four patients received anticoagulant treatment with enoxaparin and 2 of them died. As of 24 March 2020, six patients with CVD died (54.5%).

Conclusion
Acute CVD is not uncommon in COVID-19. Our findings suggest that older patients with risk factors are more likely to develop CVD. The development of CVD is an important negative prognostic factor which requires further study to identify optimal management strategy to combat the COVID-19 outbreak.
Endometrial mineralisation in a bitch with ovarian granulosa cell tumour and cystic endometrial hyperplasia‐pyometra complex
Authors: Rodenas Carmen , Agut Amalia , Bernabe Antonio , Gómez Miguel Angel , Lucas Xiomara 
Published: July 2020

SUMMARYGranulosa cell tumour is a common ovarian pathology in bitches. Depending on its hormonal production, this tumour often induces persistent oestrus signs and uterine disorders. Chronic treatment with progesterone contraceptives has been associated with endometrial mineralisation in bitches. The authors describe the case of a three‐year‐old female entire mastiff dog with a one‐year history of chronic hyperoestrogenism signs and anorexia. Serum biochemistry and haematology revealed moderate leucocytosis. Abdominal ultrasound showed dilated uterine horns with anechoic fluid in the lumen, small cystic structures, and multiple stippled hyperechoic lesions with mild acoustic shadowing and comet tail artefact along the endometrial wall. Furthermore, cystic structures were observed in the right ovary. After surgery, histopathological study revealed the presence of endometrial hyperplasia‐pyometra complex, endometrial mineralisation and a granulosa cell tumour. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of endometrial mineralisation associated with ovarian granulosa cell tumour in a bitch.
Applications and prospects of targeted therapy for neuroblastoma
Authors: Wang Jing , Yao Wei , Li Kai 
Published: July 2020

BackgroundNeuroblastoma is an extremely malignant tumor in children. For advanced or recurrent cases, existing treatment modalities are limited and efficacy remains disappointing. With the improvement in understanding of molecular biology of neuroblastoma and the development of clinical trials of targeted drug therapy, a variety of targeted therapies for neuroblastoma have appeared.Data sourcesAll the recent literatures on targeted therapies of neuroblastoma on PubMed were searched and reviewed.ResultsThis article reviewed targeted therapies of neuroblastoma going through clinical trials and obtained preliminary results. The features, advantages and disadvantages of targeted radiation therapy,immunotherapy, gene and pathway molecular inhibitor and angiogenesis inhibitor were discussed.ConclusionThis study provides references for better understanding the current progress of targeted therapies for neuroblastoma.