bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of an autophagy-related gene expression signature for endometrial cancer patients
Authors: Wang Hui , Ma Xiaoling , Liu Jinhui , Wan Yicong , Jiang Yi , Xia Yankai , Cheng Wenjun 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background : Autophagy is associated with cancer development. Autophagy-related genes play significant roles in endometrial cancer (EC), a major gynecological malignancy worldwide, but little was known about their value as prognostic markers. Here we evaluated the value of a prognostic signature based on autophagy-related genes for EC. Methods : First, various autophagy-related genes were obtained via the Human Autophagy Database and their expression profiles were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Second, key prognostic autophagy-related genes were identified via univariat, LASSO, and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Finally, a risk score to predict the prognosis of EC was calculated and validated by using the test and the entire data sets. Besides, gene set enrichment and somatic mutation analyses were also used for these prognostic autophagy-related genes. Results : A total of 40 differentially expressed autophagy-related genes in EC were screened and five of them were prognosis-related (CDKN1B, DLC1, EIF4EBP1, ERBB2 and GRID1). A prognostic signature was constructed based on these five genes using the train set, which stratified EC patients into high-risk and low-risk groups (P<0.05). In terms of overall survival, the analyses of the test set and the entire set yielded consistent results (test set: p < 0.05; entire set: p < 0.05). Time-dependent ROC analysis suggested that the risk score predicted EC prognosis accurately and independently (0.674 at 1 year, 0.712 at 3 years and 0.659 at 5 years). A nomogram with clinical utility was built. Patients in the high-risk group displayed distinct mutation signatures compared with those in the low-risk group. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed high risk score was associated with tumor initiation and progression associated pathways. Conclusions : Based on five autophagy-related genes (CDKN1B, DLC1, EIF4EBP1, ERBB2 and GRID1), our model can independently predict the OS of EC patients by combining molecular signature and clinical characteristics.* Hui Wang, Xiaoling Ma, and Jinhui Liu contributed equally to this work
Chemical constituents of Pedicularis longiflora var. tubiformis (Orobanchaceae), a common hemiparasitic medicinal herb from the Qinghai Lake Basin, China
Authors: Liu Feng , Ma Zilan , Caraballo-Ortiz Marcos A. , Zhang Hui , Su Xu , Liu Yuping 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Pedicularis longiflora var. tubiformis (Orobanchaceae) is an abundant parasitic herb mainly found in the Xiaopohu wetland of the Qinghai Lake Basin in Northwestern China. The species has an important local medicinal value, and in this study, we evaluated the chemical profile of its stems, leaves and seeds using mass spectrometry. Methods: Dried samples of stems, leaves and seeds were grinded, weighted, and used for a series of extractions with an ultrasonic device at room temperature. The chemical profiles for each tissue were determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Results: Twenty-seven amino acids and organic acids were identified and quantified from stems, leaves and seeds. The content of amino acids detected in leaves and seeds was higher than the amount found in stems. Eight flavonoids were also detected, including isoorientin, orientin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, verbascoside, scopoletin, luteolin, apigenin and tricin. The concentrations of verbascoside, luteolin and tricin were the highest and more concentrated in leaves, while that of orientin and scopoletin were the lowest and mainly found in stems. Soluble monosaccharides and oligosaccharides below tetramer were also examined, and our analyses detected the presence of arabitol, fructose, galacturonic acid, glucose, glucuronic acid, inositol, sucrose, and trehalose. Conclusions: This is the first study to identify and quantify the main components of amino acids, organic acids, flavonoids and soluble sugars from stems, leaves and seeds of P. longiflora var. tubiformis . Eight of the amino acids detected are essential for humans, highlighting the medicinal importance of this species. Results shown here can be used as a reference case to develop future studies on the chemical constituents of Pedicularis herbs and other medicinal plants from the Tibetan region.
Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli isolated from children with acute diarrhoea at Rakai hospital, Southern Uganda
Authors: Masiga Fredrick , Kigozi Edgar , Najjuka Christine Florence , Kajumbula Henry , Kateete David 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is a leading cause of childhood diarrhoea in the developing countries. However, there is scanty information on DEC and its association with childhood diarrhoea in Uganda. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of DEC and its pathotypes among children with acute diarrhoea in Southern Uganda. Results: A cross-sectional study was conducted over a period of 3 months, May 2016 to July 2016. A total of 267 children less than 5 years with acute diarrhoea admitted to Rakai General Hospital in Southern Uganda were enrolled into the study. Stool was collected from all the children and processed for isolation of E. coli . Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to determine the presence of DEC and its pathotypes . A total of 102 (38.2%, 102/267) children had DEC of various pathotypes –enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) (14.2%); enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) (6.7%); enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (6%); enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) (7.5%); enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) (3%); and cell-detaching E. coli (CDEC) (0.75%). The difference in overall prevalence of DEC was not significant regarding HIV status but individually, ETEC was associated with HIV-negative status while EAEC and CDEC were associated with HIV-positive status. Conclusions: DEC is prevalent in Ugandan children with acute diarrhoea. Therefore, its identification should be considered among strategies for combatting childhood diarrhoea in Uganda.
Dynamic Signature of tRNA-Derived small RNAs in Cancer Pathogenesis as a Promising Valuable Approach
Authors: Vafaei Somayeh , Fattahi Fahimeh , Sahlolbei Maryam , Madjd Zahra , Yazdanpanah Ayna , Kiani Jafar 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Non-coding RNAs are a cluster of RNAs that do not encode functional proteins, and involve infrastructural and regulatory types, which transfer RNAs (tRNAs) belong to former and small RNAs (sRNA) to the latter one. Recently, tRNA-derived small RNAs (tDRs) were discovered among small non-coding RNA, as the newly discovered regulatory small RNA. It plays a role in pathological and physiological processes, which is frequently dysregulated in gene expression regulation. tsRNAs can be bounded to argonaute proteins and piwi proteins such as miRNAs and piRNAs sequentially. In addition, it can interact with DNA and histone methylation machinery Results: In initial searching, 2744 unique articles were identified by bio electronically search of following databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and google scholar up to 25 February 2020. Finally, after Full-text assessment 48 related article to gene expression profiling tsRNA in cancer were achieved. Conclusions: In this systematic review, we summarized the most recent findings related to the expression of tsRNAs in 17 cancer types. We suggested that tsRNA in cancer field attracted the researchers' focus and effectively facilitated diagnostic and therapy approaches.
Identification of single nucleotide variants in the Moroccan population by whole-genome sequencing
Authors: Crooks Lucy , Cooper-Knock Johnathan , Heath Paul R. , Bouhouche Ahmed , Fahime Elmostafa El , Azzouz Mimoun , Bakri Youssef , Adnaoui Mohammed , Ibrahimi Azeddine , Tazi-Ahnini Rachid 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background Large-scale human sequencing projects have described around a hundred-million single nucleotide variants (SNVs), which have predominately focused on individuals with European ancestry despite the fact that genetic diversity is expected to be highest in Africa where Homo sapiens evolved and has maintained a large population for the longest time. The more recent African Genome Variation Project examined several African populations but these were all located south of the Sahara. Morocco is on the northwest coast of Africa and mostly lies north of the Sahara, which makes it very attractive for studying genetic diversity. Recent genomic data of Taforalt individuals in Eastern Morocco revealed 15,000-year-old modern humans, showed that North Africa individuals are expected to show genetic differences from previously studied African populations. Results We present single nucleotide variant (SNV) results from whole genome sequencing (WGS) of three Moroccans. From a total of 5.9 million SNVs detected, over 200,000 were not identified by 1000G. We provide a summary of the SNVs by genomic position, gene context and effect on protein coding. Comparison of genome-wide information of the Moroccan individuals to individuals from 1000G by principal component analysis revealed a substantial genomic distinction between the Moroccan population and sub-Saharan African populations. Conclusions We conclude that Moroccan samples lie in the middle of the previously observed cline between populations of European and African ancestry. WGS of Moroccan individuals can identify a large number of new SNVs and aid in functional characterisation of the genome.
Income-based inequalities in self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity among adolescents in England and the United States: comparisons from two cross-sectional surveys
Authors: Scholes Shaun , Mindell Jennifer S 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Inequalities in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) may reflect differences in the propensity to do any, the amount of time spent active, or both. Using self-reported data from 4019 adolescents aged 11-15 years in England (Health Survey for England 2008, 2012, 2015) and 4312 aged 12-17 years in the US (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-16) we examined inequalities in MVPA.Methods: Hurdle models estimated inequalities by household income in three aspects: (1) doing any, (2) average minutes/day (MVPA: including those who did none), and (3) average minutes/day conditional on participation (MVPA-active). Inequalities after confounder adjustment (average marginal effects: AMEs) were quantified by computing the absolute difference in marginal means (low-income households as reference).Results: In England, adolescents in high-income households were more likely than those in low-income households to have done any formal sports/exercise in the last seven days (AMEs boys: 11%; 95% CI: 4, 17; girls: 13%; 6, 20); girls in high-income households spent more time being active than their low-income counterparts (AME formal MVPA: 6 minutes/day, 95% CI: 2, 9). Girls in low-income households spent more time in informal activities than girls in high-income households did (AME informal MVPA: 21 minutes/day; 95% CI: 10, 33), whilst boys in low-income versus high-income households spent longer in active travel (AME active travel MVPA: 21 minutes/week; 95% CI: 8, 34). In the US, in a typical week, recreational activity was greater among high-income versus low-income households (AMEs recreational boys: 15 minutes/day; 95% CI: 6, 24; girls: 19 minutes/day; 95% CI: 12, 27). In contrast, adolescents in low-income versus high-income households were more likely to travel actively (AMEs boys: 11%; 95% CI: 3, 19; girls: 10%; 95% CI: 3, 17) and spend more time engaged. Conclusions: Policy actions and interventions are required to increase levels of MVPA across all income groups in England and the US. Differences in formal sports/exercise (England) and recreational (US) activities suggest that additional efforts are required to move adolescents in low-income households from inactivity to activity, and to enable those already active to do more.
Relative age effects in Japanese athletes: A 25-year historical analysis
Authors: Sasano Nao , Katsumata Yoichi , Nakata Hiroki 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: The mechanisms underlying the relative age effect (RAE), a biased distribution of birth dates, in sport events have been investigated for more than two decades. The present study comprised an historical analysis involving the most recent quarter-century (1993-2018) on RAEs among Japanese male professional athletes (soccer, baseball, basketball, and volleyball) to clarify how the RAEs changed over time. Methods: Birth data were obtained from 7,805 Japanese male professional athletes registered in 1993, 2001, 2010, and 2018. The athletes were divided into four groups based on their month of birth: quartiles Q1 (April–June), Q2 (July–September), Q3 (October–December), and Q4 (January–March of the following year). In addition, based on the data in 1993 for soccer and baseball and in 2010 for basketball and volleyball, the expected numbers of players were calculated in 2001, 2010, and 2018 for soccer and baseball, and 2018 for basketball and volleyball. Results: Significant RAEs were observed among soccer and baseball players in 1993, 2001, 2010, and 2018, and strong tendencies of RAEs were found among basketball and volleyball players in 2010 and 2018. The magnitudes of the RAEs in soccer, baseball, and volleyball decreased over time, but not in basketball. Conclusion: The exact reasons for the decreasing or unchanging RAEs among these professional players remains unclear, but socio-culture factors, such as low birthrates and the popularity of sports in Japan, might be related to the changing RAEs.
Tissue alkaline phosphatase activity and expression in an experimental infant swine model of cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest
Authors: Khailova Ludmila , Robison Justin , Jaggers James , Ing Richard , Lawson Scott , Treece Amy , Soranno Danielle , Lujan Suzanne Osorio , Davidson Jesse 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Infant cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass results in decreased circulating alkaline phosphatase that is associated with poor post-operative outcomes. Bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase infusion represents a novel therapy for post-cardiac surgery organ injury. However, the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass and bovine-intestinal alkaline phosphatase infusion on tissue-level alkaline phosphatase activity/expression are unknown.Methods: Infant pigs (n=20) underwent cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest followed by four hours of intensive care. Seven control animals underwent mechanical ventilation only. Cardiopulmonary bypass/deep hypothermic circulatory arrest animals were given escalating doses of bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase infusion (0-25U/kg/hr; n=5/dose). Kidney, liver, ileum, jejunum, colon, heart and lung were collected for measurement of tissue alkaline phosphatase activity and mRNA.Results: Tissue alkaline phosphatase activity varied significantly across organs with the highest levels found in the kidney and small intestine. Cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest resulted in decreased kidney alkaline phosphatase activity and increased lung alkaline phosphatase activity, with no significant changes in the other organs. Alkaline phosphatase mRNA expression was increased in both the lung and the ileum. The highest dose of bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase resulted in increased kidney and liver tissue alkaline phosphatase activity.Conclusions: Changes in alkaline phosphatase activity after cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and bovine intestinal alkaline phosphatase delivery are tissue specific. Kidneys, lung, and ileal alkaline phosphatase appear most affected by cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and further research is warranted to determine the mechanism and biologic importance of these changes.
Twelve year trajectories of physical activity and health costs in mid-age Australian women
Authors: Gomes Grace Angelica de Oliveira , Brown Wendy J. , Codogno Jamile S. , Mielke Gregore I. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Background: Few studies have examined relationships between physical activity (PA) during mid-age and health costs in women. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between PA levels and trajectories over 12 years with medical and pharmaceutical costs in mid-age Australian women. Methods: Data from 6,953 participants in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (born in 1946–1951) were analysed in 2019. PA was self-reported in 2001 (50-55y), 2007 (56-61y) and 2013 (62-67y). PA data were linked with 2013-2015 data from the Medicare (MBS) and Pharmaceutical (PBS) Benefits Schemes. Quantile regression was used to examine associations between PA patterns [always active, increasers, decreasers, fluctuaters or always inactive (reference)] with these medical and pharmaceutical costs.Results: Among women who were consistently inactive (< 500 MET.minutes/week) in 2001, 2007 and 2013, median MBS and PBS costs (2013 to 2015) were AUD4261 and AUD1850, respectively. Those costs were AUD1728 (95%CI: 443-3013) and AUD578 (95%CI: 426-729) lower among women who were consistently active in 2001, 2007 and 2013 than among those who were always inactive. PBS costs were also lower in women who were active at only one survey (AUD205; 95%CI: 49-360), and in those whose PA increased between 2001 and 2013 (AUD388; 95%CI: 232-545).Conclusion: Maintaining ‘active’ PA status was associated with 40% lower MBS and 30% lower PBS costs over three years in Australian women. Helping women to remain active in mid-life could result in considerable savings for both women and the Australian government.
Small Particle Aerosol Exposure of African Green Monkeys to MERS-CoV as a Model for Highly Pathogenic Coronavirus Infection
Authors: Totura Allison , Livingston Virginia , Frick Ondraya , Dyer David , Nichols Donald , Nalca Aysegul 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Emerging highly pathogenic coronaviruses (CoV) are a global public health threat due to the potential for person-to-person transmission and higher mortality rates than common seasonal respiratory pathogens. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged in 2012, causing lethal respiratory disease in approximately 35% of human cases.Primate models of highly pathogenic coronavirus infection are needed to support development of therapeutics or vaccines, but few models exist that recapitulate severe disease signs. For initial development of a MERS-CoV primate model, twelve African green monkeys (AGMs) were exposed to 103, 104, or 105 PFU target doses of aerosolized MERS-CoV. We observed a dose- dependent increase of respiratory disease signs and viral titers in serum and throat swabs between the 103 PFU and the 105 PFU dose groups, although all AGMs survived for the 28 day duration of the study. This study is the first to describe dose-dependent effects of highly pathogenic coronavirus infection of primates and uses a route of infection (small particle aerosol) with potential relevance to MERS-CoV transmission in humans. Aerosol exposure of AGMs may provide a platform for the development of primate models of novel coronavirus disease, with potential utility in therapeutic development and viral pathogenesis studies.
O ensino do exercício profissional da Terapia Ocupacional com foco em pessoas idosas: proposta de organização das práticas na Graduação
Authors: Cunha Alexandre Cardoso da , Sime Mariana Midori 
Published: April 2020

O trabalho descreve a organização das ações, projetos, práticas e disciplinas oferecidas aos alunos do Curso de Terapia Ocupacional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, para atuarem junto a pessoas idosas. Para tanto, conheceu-se a rede de serviços do município de São Paulo, realizaram-se reuniões com a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Vitória, ES, e com uma Unidade de Saúde da Família. Conclui-se que foi possível contemplar os diferentes níveis de complexidade da atenção, e idosos em diferentes níveis de fragilidade. Palavras-chave: Educação Profissional em Saúde Pública; Idoso; Terapia Ocupacional; Educação.
ANALISA HASIL PENGELASAN SMAW PADA BESI HD 400 DAN SS 308 DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE NON DESTRUCTIVE TEST
Authors: Prabowo Jeni Andika , Putra Wawan Trisnadi , Wicaksono Yoga Arab 
Published: April 2020

Metode penyambungan 2 besi atau lebih material dengan menggunakan metode pengelasan atau welding banyak diaplikasikan dalam dunia industri, manufacture dan banyak bidang lainnya, metode ini sangat baik untuk digunakan, selain memiliki kekuatan joint yang tinggi juga proses pengaplikasiannya tergolong mudah dan murah.Akan tetapi standarisasi yang berkembang dalam dunia industri mempersaratkan untuk mengopservasi seluruh bagian pengelasan, terutama di area dengan Criticaly Class. pengelasan yang akan dilakukan pengujian adalah hasil dari pengelasan SMAW pada plat Besi HD 400 dan Stainles Steel 308 dan akan di observasi dengan metode Penetrant Test, Ultrasonic Test dan Hardness Test, dengan menggunakan metode pengujian diatas, maka didapati hasil diantara lain, dengan menggunakan metode penetrant, untuk test pieces No, 1, 2, 4, dan 5 dinyatakan rejected, sedang untuk No 3 dan 4 accepted, meggunakan ultrasonic, didapatkan hasil dengan kriteria rejected semua pada test pieces, dengan Defect kategori Class A, sesuai tabel 6.2, dan untuk hasil Hardness penggunaan arus rendah pengelasan pada Besi HD 400 didapat hasil sebesar 38,5 HRC dan arus tinggi sebesar 34,3 HRC, sedang untuk stainless steel 308 ddidapat hasil kekerasan dengan arus rendah sebesar 54,4 HRC dan dengan arus tinggi sebesar 60,5 HRC.
INSTRUMENTOS INFORMATIVOS DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL E SANITÁRIA APLICADOS NA SOCIEDADE
Authors: Magalhães de Araujo Bruna , Pereira dos Santos Ana Silvia , De Souza Frank Pavan , Carvalho de Melo Marília 
Published: April 2020

Diante da importância do saneamento e sua universalização, para a promoção do bem estar da população, saúde pública e proteção do meio ambiente, é essencial ações que contribuam para o envolvimento da população com o tema. Neste sentido, é importante avaliar quais são os instrumentos informativos expressivos, que atuam no saneamento e seu alcance na população em geral. Assim, o presente estudo teve como objetivo discutir os instrumentos informativos existentes como SNIS, ATLAS Esgotos e Instituto Trata Brasil, acerca da educação ambiental e sanitária de modo a contribuir para o efetivo cumprimento das metas de saneamento. Para tanto foi desenvolvida uma metodologia na qual foram atribuídos pontos, de forma subjetiva, de acordo com as variáveis definidas:acessibilidade, clareza de linguagem, qualidade dos dados, abrangência, divulgação e qualidade das imagens. Desta forma, para avaliações consideradas ruim, regular, boa e ótima foi admitida pontuação de 1, 2, 3 e 4 respectivamente. A partir dos resultados encontrados no presente trabalho, foi possível constatar que o SNIS apresentou menor pontuação, com 11 de 24, o Atlas Esgotos atingiu avaliação regular, com 20 de 24 pontos. Já o Instituto Trata Brasil alcançou maior pontuação, com 23 de 24 e demonstrou maior comprometimento e eficácia em promover a informação e conscientização da população, nos assuntos relacionados ao saneamento.