bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and presentation of patients with the chief complaint “cardiac arrhythmia” – data from a large university emergency department
Authors: Novotny Julia , Klein Matthias , Thienel Manuela , Fichtner Stephanie 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background Cardiac arrhythmias (CA) are a common chief complaint that leads to presentation at the emergency department (ED). However, data on the underlying diagnoses in patients with CA is not well studied. Our objective was to analyse the prevalence and clinical presentation of CA in the setting of an interdisciplinary ED.Methods In this retrospective study, we included all patients admitted to our ED in the Ludwig-Maximilian University Hospital in Munich within one year with the chief complaint “cardiac arrhythmia”. Subsequently cardiac rhythm in the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), clinical presentation, therapy performed in the ED and in-hospital care were analyzed.Results A total of 558 out of 36.798 visitors of the ED presented with the chief complaint of CA. 42.3% of these patients indeed showed a pathologic heart rhythm on the initial ECG. The most abundant pathological ECG diagnosis was atrial fibrillation. In the pathological ECG group 60.6% and in the sinus rhythm (SR) group 39.4% of patients had to be admitted to hospital, and 34.7% with pathological ECG underwent invasive investigations (16.8% in the SR group). Conclusion Over half of our patients showed no arrhythmia on the ED ECG. The most abundant arrhythmia was atrial fibrillation. Most of the patients were stable. However, with 49.5% admission rate was quite high. This fact illustrates the need for better outpatient management of these patients. Further chief complaint CA in the ED must not be mistaken as disease specific.
Histological evaluation of effect of PDGF-rich plasma on the tympanic membrane
Authors: Kriukov A. I. , Gurov A. V. , Bakhtin A. A. , Murzakhanova Z. V. 
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Тo study the microscopic picture of the tissues of the perforated tympanic membrane after the introduction of blood plasma enriched with platelet growth factors into the perforated area of the tympanic membrane in the experiment.Materials and methods. 36 rats (72 tympanic membranes) were examined. The animals were divided into 2 groups, the main and the control. The tympanic membrane was perforated in rats of both groups using sterile play. Animals of the main group were injected with a single application of autoplasm of blood enriched with platelet growth factors into the area of perforation of the tympanic membrane. The animals of the control group underwent only dynamic observation. The rats were withdrawn from the experiment in batches of 6 individuals on day 5, 10, 15 after the tympanic membrane perforation, then a histological assessment of the tissue regeneration of the tympanic membranes was performed. Results. In animals of the main group on the 5th day after perforation of the tympanic membrane, edema and disorganization of connective tissue were significantly less frequently recorded than in animals of the control group (p ≤ 0.05). Fibroblastic infiltration of tympanic membrane tissues was significantly more often observed in rats of the main group compared with rats in the control group (p ≤ 0.05). In rats of the main group on the 10th day after perforation of the tympanic membrane, edema and disorganization of the connective tissue of the tympanic membranes were noted significantly less frequently than in rats of the control group (p ≤ 0.05). Signs of fibroblastic infiltration and neoangiogenesis at the same time in animals of the main group were revealed significantly more often, in contrast to rats in the control group (p ≤ 0.05). In animals of the main group, on the 15th day after perforation of the tympanic membrane, fibroblastic infiltration and neoangiogenesis were revealed in all cases of observation, which significantly exceeded the corresponding indicators in the control group, and leukocyte infiltration in rats of the main group, in contrast to the previous stages of the study, was noted significantly less frequently. than in rats of the control group (p ≤ 0.05).Conclusion. Earlier and complete regeneration of damaged tissues of the tympanic membrane under conditions of its traumatic perforation was noted in rats of the main group under the influence of PCOTFR. In rats of the main group, more organized collagen fibers, the presence of basophilic leukocytes, signs of neoangiogenesis, and extensive fields of fibroblasts were visualized.
Site-directed Fragnomics and MD Simulations Approaches to Identify Interleukin-2 Inhibitors
Authors: Khalil Ruqaiya , Usmani Saman , Nur-e-Alam Mohammad , Ahmed Sarfaraz , Ul-Haq Zaheer 
Published: November 2020

Introduction:The aberrant expression of Interleukin-2 (IL2), the chief regulator of immunity, is associated with many auto-immune diseases. At present, there is no FDA approved drug targeting IL2, which puts forth the need for small molecular inhibitors to block IL2 and its receptor interaction.Methodology:Herein, we used the contemporary fragnomics approach to design novel drug-like inhibitors targeting IL2. Briefly, the RECAP (Retrosynthetic Combinatorial Analysis Procedure) package implemented in MOE (Molecular Operating Environment check) software suite was utilised to obtain fragments fulfilling the ‘rule of three’ criteria for fragments. The binding site of IL2 was divided into three smaller grooves, and the fragments were docked to screen their affinity for a particular site, followed by site-directed RECAP synthesis.Results:A focused library of 10,000 compounds was prepared by re-combining the fragments according to their affinity for a particular site as observed in docking. Docking and subsequent analysis of newly synthesised compounds identified 40 privileged leads, presenting hydrogen bonding with basic residues of the pocket. A QSAR model was implied to predict the IC50 of the compounds and to analyse the electrostatic and hydrophobic contour maps. The resulting hits were found to be modest IL2 inhibitors with predicted inhibitory activity in the range of 5.17-4.40 nM. Further Dynamic simulation studies were carried out to determine the stability of the inhibitor-IL2 complex.Conclusion:Our findings underline the potential of the novel compounds as valuable pharmacological agents in diseases characterised by IL2 overexpression.
A moderna administração de pessoal
Authors: Silva Benedicto 
Published: November 2020

O presente trabalho, publicado no Brasil com cêrca de três anos de atraso,espelha o esforço feito em 1950-51 por um grupo de especialistas e estudiososprocedentes de vários países do mundo, para acrescentar algo aos princípios,métodos e práticas de administração de pessoal.
O Conselho Técnico de Economia e Finanças
Authors: F. Bouças Valentim 
Published: November 2020

Há 25 anos desde a sua instituição como Comissão de Estudos Financeiros e Econômicos dos Estados e Municípios, e há 9 anos desde o advento do atual regime constitucional, vem o Conselho Técnico de Economia e Finanças cumprindo em tôda a amplitude o seu programa legal de trabalhos, sem que quaisquer escolhos de importância maior surgissem a perturbar a marcha normal de suas funções regulares.
Qualificação das servidões
Authors: Tovar Jair 
Published: November 2020

Este ensaio é destinado mais especialmente ao estudo da matéria no campo do Direito das Águas. Algumas indecisões me assaltaram em sua realização, desde o título, a que está subordinado até a inclusão de distinções relativas ao direito real a que se refere, isso porque já não mais consideradas pelos Mestres, dada a sua irrelevância de vibração jurídica.
Associations of Medications With Lower Odds of Typical COVID-19 Symptoms: Cross-Sectional Symptom Surveillance Study
Authors: Urbach Dietmar , Awiszus Friedemann , Leiß Sven , Venton Tamsin , Specht Alexander Vincent De , Apfelbacher Christian 
Published: November 2020

Background
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread across the globe, the search for an effective medication to treat the symptoms of COVID-19 continues as well. It would be desirable to identify a medication that is already in use for another condition and whose side effect profile and safety data are already known and approved.

Objective
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different medications on typical COVID-19 symptoms by using data from an online surveillance survey.

Methods
Between early April and late-July 2020, a total of 3654 individuals in Lower Saxony, Germany, participated in an online symptom-tracking survey conducted through the app covid-nein-danke.de. The questionnaire comprised items on typical COVID-19 symptoms, age range, gender, employment in patient-facing healthcare, housing status, postal code, previous illnesses, permanent medication, vaccination status, results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and antibody tests for COVID-19 diagnosis, and consequent COVID-19 treatment if applicable. Odds ratio estimates with corresponding 95% CIs were computed for each medication and symptom by using logistic regression models.

Results
Data analysis suggested a statistically significant inverse relationship between typical COVID-19 symptoms self-reported by the participants and self-reported statin therapy and, to a lesser extent, antihypertensive therapy. When COVID-19 diagnosis was based on restrictive symptom criteria (ie, presence of 4 out of 7 symptoms) or a positive RT-PCR test, a statistically significant association was found solely for statins (odds ratio 0.28, 95% CI 0.1-0.78).

Conclusions
Individuals taking statin medication are more likely to have asymptomatic COVID-19, in which case they may be at an increased risk of transmitting the disease unknowingly. We suggest that the results of this study be incorporated into symptoms-based surveillance and decision-making protocols in regard to COVID-19 management. Whether statin therapy has a beneficial effect in combating COVID-19 cannot be deduced based on our findings and should be investigated by further study.

Trial Registration
German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00022185; https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00022185; World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform U1111-1252-6946
“I am mostly concerned about their education”: Syrian refugee families and the right to education in Lebanon
Authors: Akesson Bree , Badawi Dena , Elkchirid Abdelfettah 
Published: November 2020

Ongoing since 2011, the conflict in Syria is considered to be one of the largest humanitarian crises in modern history. With a large number of Syrian families fleeing the war to resettle in neighboring Lebanon, Lebanon’s education system has become overwhelmed. In this paper, we will describe how Syrian families and community stakeholders experienced education in Lebanon and highlight barriers to education, suggesting potential interventions to ensure that the right to education is upheld. The findings underscore the multiple challenges that Syrian families face in seeking education for their children. At the same time, the findings point to the importance of education in the lives of Syrian families both in Syria before the war, in their current contexts of displacement in Lebanon, and in their future hopes and dreams for their children.
Experimental Investigation of a Prandtl Probe Fabricated Using Desktop Stereolithography Technology
Authors: Mwachugha Alfred Gift , Byiringiro Jean , Ngetha Harrison , Carolus Thomas , Stahl Kathrin 
Published: November 2020

A Prandtl probe is one of the standard instruments used for flow characterization in wind tunnel facilities. The convectional fabrication method of this instrument requires skilled artisanship, precision drilling, lathing and soldering of its several parts. This reflects into high costs of production in turn making wind energy studies expensive. With the adoption of additive manufacturing, the tooling costs, skills required and design to manufacture constraints can be addressed. This research presents a Prandtl probe that was designed using NX™ software, fabricated by desktop stereolithography additive manufacturing platform and validated in a wind tunnel for velocity range of 0 m/s to 51 m/s. This research attested the option of fabricating relatively cheap functional Prandtl probe with desktop stereolithography technology which can be used for accurate determination of flow quality in wind tunnels experiments. This provides various learning and research institution in developing countries that have already invested in additive desktop manufacturing technology certainty and a cheaper option to fabricate wind research instruments for use at their laboratories. Moreover, fabrication and validation of a 5-hole Prandtl probe can also be examined.
Paratesticular Tumors in the Service of Urology Ibn Rochd UHC: Epidemioclinical and Therapeutic Aspects
Authors: Bai W. , Graiouid M. , Hatim G. , Doumer A. , Dakir M. , Debbagh A. , Aboutaieb R. 
Published: November 2020

Objective: To analyze the frequency, clinical and therapeutic aspects of paratesticular tumors in the urology department of the Ibn Rochd UHC.
Patients and methods: Retrospective study of 5 patients with partesticular tumors treated in the urology department of Ibn Rochd UHC between January 2014 and December 2019. The parameters studied were age, circumstances of discovery, histological type of the tumor and the treatment performed.
Results: Five paratesticular tumors were recorded among all patients admitted for a tumor of the urogenital system, representing a prevalence of 0.52%. The mean age of onset was 27 years (range 17—65 years). The circumstances of discovery were a scrotal mass in 60% of the cases, that is to say three patients and an inguinoscrotal mass in two patients. Several histological types of tumors have been recorded: three cases of rhabdomyosarcomas, either 60%, one case of sarcoma, either 20%, and one case of fibroma. The modalities of the surgical treatment carried out were enlarged orchidectomy by upper inguinal approach with lymph node dissection in two patients, enlarged orchidectomy by upper inguinal approach without lymph node dissection in two cases and one case of tumerectomy.
Conclusion: Paratesticular tumors are rare. They are found mainly in young adults. The clinical presentation is variable and the diagnosis often late. Management is multidisciplinary but remains essentially surgical. Our study illustrates the great histopathological variability of paratesticular tumors.
A Rare Case of a Metastatic Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Chaudhry Hiba , Doumpiotis Dimitrios 
Published: November 2020

Background: Basal cell carcinomas are malignant slow-growing neoplasms of the epidermal layer of the skin. They are the most common form of skin cancer, accounting for 80% of non-melanoma skin cancers. Metastasis is rare with an incidence rate of 0.0028 to 0.55%. We report a case of an 83 year old male presenting with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the right cheek. The tumour was completely excised with close margins. The patient was closely monitored clinically and on follow-up, a mass in the region of the right parotid was identified. Excision of the tail of the right parotid identified a tumour with similar subtype to the primary tumour excised from the cheek confirming diagnosis of metastatic BCC.
Methods: A literature search was carried out inclusive of the terms identify existing data and guidelines to determine best evidence based practice.
Discussion: Literature search identified aetiology of BCCs and methods of diagnosis and treatment. The search also highlighted an incidence rate of 0.0028 to 0.55% and complications associated with metastasis. The patient underwent a course of radiotherapy as surgery in this case was contraindicated due to history of excision of the parotid tail.
Risk factors for developing BCCs include intermittent sun exposure, ionising radiation, genetic predisposition and immunosuppression. Metastases occurs via the lymphatic system or haematogenously. Surgery is the main form of treatment and aims to be curative.
Pengaruh Pemberian Kawa Daun Gambir terhadap Kadar Malondialdehid Jaringan Hati Mencit Diabetes yang Diinduksi Aloksan
Authors: Ansori Fachrurrazi Al , Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty 
Published: November 2020

Latar Belakang. Kawa daun gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb) merupakan minuman yang terbuat dari daun gambir yang dikeringkan dan diseduh seperti membuat teh yang mengandung senyawa epicathecin, epicathecin-3-gallate, epigalloctahechin-3-gallate, dan epigallocathechin yang berpotensi menurukan kadar MDA jaringan hati.
Objektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kawa daun gambir (Uncaria gambir Roxb) terhadap kadar MDA jaringan hati mencit (Mus musculus) diabetes yang diinduksi aloksan.
Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan true experimental dengan post-test only control group design. Sebanyak 30 ekor mencit dibagi menjadi lima kelompok yaitu K-, K+, P1, P2, P3. Kelompok K+, P1, P2, dan P3 diinduksi aloksan. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pemberian kawa daun gambir dosis 1 gr/100 ml, 2 gr/100 ml, dan 4 gr/100 ml untuk P1, P2, dan P3 selama 14 hari. Rerata kadar MDA jaringan hati diperiksa dengan metode thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Analisis data menggunakan One-way ANOVA dan Post Hoc Least Significant Differences (LSD).
Hasil. Induksi aloksan dapat meningkatkan kadar MDA jaringan hati kelompok kontrol positif, dan kelompok perlakuan dibanding kontrol negatif. Rerata kadar MDA jaringan hati pada kontrol negatif adalah 8,34 nmol/ml, kontrol positif 12,71 nmol/ml, perlakuan satu 10,64 nmol/ml, perlakuan dua 8,35 nmol/ml, perlakuan tiga 8,46 nmol/ml. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pengaruh pemberian kawa daun gambir pada perlakuan 1, perlakuan 2, dan perlakuan 3 terhadap kontrol positif, p= 0,000 (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan perlakuan 2 dan perlakuan 3 terhadap kontrol negatif, p= 0,986.
Kesimpulan. Kawa daun gambir dapat menurunkan kadar MDA jaringan hati.
Komplikasi Kronik Benda Asing pada Percabangan Bronkus
Authors: Russilawati Russilawati , Khairsyaf Oea 
Published: November 2020

CHRONIC COMPLICATION OF FOREIGN BODY IN TRACHEOBRONCHIAL TREE : A CASE REPORT
Foreign body aspiration in tracheobronchial could be life threatening particularly if the object large enought to cause nearly complete obstruction. In the other hand small object could pass beyond carina and cause less severe sign and complication manifest. Chronic symptoms with recurrent infection that lead to brochiectasis may occur in delayed of extraction. We presented a case of nail aspiration by a 17 years old male patients who presented with hemoptysis. The patient had history of nail aspiration six months ago and had no symptom until the last one week . First attempt of evacuating used rigid bronchoscopy under general anesthesia had failed. Fiber optic bronchoscopy (FOB) found the nail at the orificium of right lower lobe and chest computed tomography stated the occurancy of bronchiectasis at distal of nail. The extraction was performed by FOB with local anesthesia succeeded to remove the nail to the laring that induced cough and nail threw out. There were no major complication and further symptoms after the extraction. Eventhough aspiration small object cause no symptom, it could lead to chronic complication such as bronchiectasis. FOB for removing the object is supposed to perform carefully because the object could fall on another part of brochial tree when it was pulled out.
Keywords
Foreign Body, Bronchial tree, complication, flexible bronchoscopy
External Debt and Economic Growth: A Heterogeneous Static ‎Panel Study in Asian Developing and Transition Economies
Authors: Dawood Muhammad , Biqiong ‎ Zhang , Al-Asfour Ahmed , Nilofar Memoona 
Published: November 2020

Abstract‎This study examined the impact of total external debt, public external debt, and private external debt on economic growth of ‎Asian ‎developing and transition economies economic growth from 1995 to 2019. We ‎applied the fixed effect model with two ‎robust estimators of the feasible generalized least square estimator ‎and Driscoll-Kraay standard error estimator to address the ‎cross-sectional dependence. The findings showed that the total external debt has a significant and positive impact on economic ‎growth while the public external debt and private external debt affect economic growth adversely. ‎
Perfil epidemiológico e distribuição da meninginte em um estado da região norte do país - Rondônia de 2017 A 2019
Authors: De Sousa Cássia Lopes , Dantas Sara , Witcel Khatlyn Rayeele Evencio da Silva , Toro Rafaela Gomes , Menezes Amilton Victor Tognon , Dos Santos Pâmela Mendes , Folgado Jéssica Diniz , Da Silva Jonatas Tiago Lima , Santos Poliana Gouvea , Cruz Jessíca Reco 
Published: November 2020

O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo identificar o perfil epidemiológico a distribuição da meningite em um estado da região norte do Brasil, com intuito de mostrar os dados para poder ajudar nas buscas e produções cientificas que abrangem o tema. Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo, de dados secundários retirados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificação (SINAN), de modalidade quantitativa. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo revelaram que a população masculina é a mais acometida pela doença, e que a região de residência mais endêmica é a urbana com 76,04% dos casos. Conclui-se que é evidente o número de casos distribuídos em todo estado e que a sua predominância maior e no sexo masculino, sendo necessário ressaltar a promoção de políticas da saúde do homem que abordem de maneira efetiva a população masculina, inclusive com a vacinação dos adolescentes. As medidas de educação em saúde são indispensáveis para a redução do número de casos.
Kinetika Ekstraksi Minyak Atsiri Lada Hitam (Piper nigrum) Secara Hidrodistilasi
Authors: Shintawati Shintawati , Analianasari Analianasari , Zukryandry Zukryandry 
Published: November 2020

<h1>Lada hitam dikenal dengan nama King of Spices yang merupakan salah satu komoditi unggulan ekspor asal Provinsi Lampung. Lada hitam memiliki aroma dan rasa pedas yang khas. Kontribusi aroma berasal dari senyawa volatile yang terkandung pada minyak atsiri dalam lada hitam. Minyak atsiri lada diperoleh dari ekstraksi pelarut, hidrodistilasi, distilasi uap, distilasi fluida super kritik dan hidrodistilasi menggunakan microwave. Nilai konsentrasi minyak atsiri selama ekstraksi serta laju ekstraksi dapat diprediksi dari model kinetika. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari ekstraksi minyak atsiri lada hitam dan mengetahui model kinetika ekstraksi minyak atsiri lada hitam secara hidrodistilasi. Hidrodistilasi dilaksanakan selama 5 jam dengan pengambilan data setiap 15 menit. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan kinetika ekstraksi lada hitam mengikuti model kinetika ekstraksi orde kedua. Nilai parameter kinetika orde kedua dari ekstraksi minyak atsiri lada hitam yaitu kapasitas ekstraksi minyak atsiri lada,Cs, laju awal ekstraksi, h, dan konstanta laju ekstraksi, k masing-masing adalah 4,9 gL<sup>-1</sup>, 0,206 g L<sup>-1</sup>menit<sup>-1</sup> dan 0,0086 g<sup>-1</sup>L menit<sup>-1</sup> dan nilai determinasi sebesar 99,97%. Hasil eksperimen didapat perolehan ekstraksi sebesar 5,14%.</h1>