bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burn-related Collagen Conformational Changes in ex vivo Porcine Skin using Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Ye Hanglin , Rahul  , Kruger Uwe , Wang Tianmeng , Shi Sufei , Norfleet Jack , De Suvranu 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study utilizes Raman spectroscopy to analyze the burn-induced collagen conformational changes in ex vivo porcine skin tissue. Raman spectra of wavenumbers 500–2000 cm−1 were measured for unburnt skin as well as four different burn conditions: (i) 200 °F for 10 s, (ii) 200 °F for the 30 s, (iii) 450 °F for 10 s and (iv) 450 °F for 30 s. The overall spectra reveal that protein and amino acids-related bands have manifested structural changes including the destruction of protein-related functional groups, and transformation from α-helical to disordered structures which are correlated with increasing burn severity. The deconvolution of the amide I region (1580–1720 cm−1) and the analysis of the sub-bands reveal a change of the secondary structure of the collagen from the α-like helix dominated to the β-aggregate dominated one. Such conformational changes may explain the softening of mechanical response in burnt tissues reported in the literature.
Assessing average somatic CAG repeat instability at the protein level
Authors: Aviolat Hubert , Pinto Ricardo Mouro , Godschall Elizabeth , Murtha Ryan , Richey Hannah E. , Sapp Ellen , Vodicka Petr , Wheeler Vanessa C. , Kegel-Gleason Kimberly B. , DiFiglia Marian 
Published: December 2019

AbstractSandwich ELISA-based methods use Abs that target the expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tract to quantify mutant huntingtin (mHTT). Using Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) assay, the mHTT signal detected with MW1 Ab correlated with polyQ length and doubled with a difference of only 7 glutamine residues between equivalent amounts of purified mHTTexon1 proteins. Similar polyQ length-dependent effects on MSD signals were confirmed using endogenous full length mHTT from brains of Huntington’s disease (HD) knock-in (KI) mice. We used this avidity bias to devise a method to assess average CAG repeat instability at the protein level in a mixed population of HTT proteins present in tissues. Signal detected for average polyQ length quantification at the protein level by our method exhibited a strong correlation with average CAG repeat length at the genomic DNA level determined by PCR method in striatal tissue homogenates from HdhQ140 KI mice and in human HD postmortem cortex. This work establishes that CAG repeat instability in mutant HTT is reflected at the protein level.
Optimized Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles From Various Organic Sources Using Aqueous Two-Phase System
Authors: Kırbaş Oğuz Kaan , Bozkurt Batuhan Turhan , Asutay Ayla Burçin , Mat Beyza , Ozdemir Bihter , Öztürkoğlu Dilek , Ölmez Hülya , İşlek Zeynep , Şahin Fikrettin , Taşlı Pakize Neslihan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractFrom biomarkers to drug carriers, Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are being used successfully in numerous applications. However, while the subject has been steadily rising in popularity, current methods of isolating EVs are lagging behind, incapable of isolating EVs at a high enough quantity or quality while also requiring expensive, specialized equipment. The “isolation problem” is one of the major obstacles in the field of EV research - and even more so for their potential, widespread use for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic applications. Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (ATPS) has been reported previously as a promising method for isolating EVs quickly and efficiently, and with little contaminants - however, this method has not seen widespread use. In this study, an ATPS-based isolation protocol is used to isolate small EVs from plant, cell culture, and parasite culture sources. Isolated EVs were characterized in surface markers, size, and morphological manner. Additionally, the capacity of ATPS-based EV isolation in removing different contaminants was shown by measuring protein, fatty acid, acid, and phenol red levels of the final isolate. In conclusion, we have shown that EVs originating from different biological sources can be isolated successfully in a cost-effective and user-friendly manner with the use of aqueous two-phase systems.
The pitfalls of biodiversity proxies: Differences in richness patterns of birds, trees and understudied diversity across Amazonia
Authors: Ritter Camila D. , Faurby Søren , Bennett Dominic J. , Naka Luciano N. , ter Steege Hans , Zizka Alexander , Haenel Quiterie , Nilsson R. Henrik , Antonelli Alexandre 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMost knowledge on biodiversity derives from the study of charismatic macro-organisms, such as birds and trees. However, the diversity of micro-organisms constitutes the majority of all life forms on Earth. Here, we ask if the patterns of richness inferred for macro-organisms are similar for micro-organisms. For this, we barcoded samples of soil, litter and insects from four localities on a west-to-east transect across Amazonia. We quantified richness as Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) in those samples using three molecular markers. We then compared OTU richness with species richness of two relatively well-studied organism groups in Amazonia: trees and birds. We find that OTU richness shows a declining west-to-east diversity gradient that is in agreement with the species richness patterns documented here and previously for birds and trees. These results suggest that most taxonomic groups respond to the same overall diversity gradients at large spatial scales. However, our results show a different pattern of richness in relation to habitat types, suggesting that the idiosyncrasies of each taxonomic group and peculiarities of the local environment frequently override large-scale diversity gradients. Our findings caution against using the diversity distribution of one taxonomic group as an indication of patterns of richness across all groups.
Scalable collective Lamb shift of a 1D superconducting qubit array in front of a mirror
Authors: Lin Kuan-Ting , Hsu Ting , Lee Chen-Yu , Hoi Io-Chun , Lin Guin-Dar 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe theoretically investigate resonant dipole-dipole interaction (RDDI) between artificial atoms in a 1D geometry, implemented by N transmon qubits coupled through a transmission line. Similar to the atomic cases, RDDI comes from exchange of virtual photons of the continuous modes, and causes the so-called collective Lamb shift (CLS). To probe the shift, we effectively set one end of the transmission line as a mirror, and examine the reflection spectrum of the probe field from the other end. Our calculation shows that when a qubit is placed at the node of the standing wave formed by the incident and reflected waves, even though it is considered to be decoupled from the field, it results in large energy splitting in the spectral profile of a resonant qubit located at an antinode. This directly implies the interplay of virtual photon processes and explicitly signals the CLS. We further derive a master equation to describe the system, which can take into account mismatch of participating qubits and dephasing effects. Our calculation also demonstrates the superradiant and subradiant nature of the atomic states, and how the CLS scales when more qubits are involved.
Ten–Second Electrophysiology: Evaluation of the 3DEP Platform for high-speed, high-accuracy cell analysis
Authors: Hoettges Kai F. , Henslee Erin A. , Torcal Serrano Ruth M. , Jabr Rita I. , Abdallat Rula G. , Beale Andrew D. , Waheed Abdul , Camelliti Patrizia , Fry Christopher H. , van der Veen Daan R. , Labeed Fatima H. , Hughes Michael P. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractElectrical correlates of the physiological state of a cell, such as membrane conductance and capacitance, as well as cytoplasm conductivity, contain vital information about cellular function, ion transport across the membrane, and propagation of electrical signals. They are, however, difficult to measure; gold-standard techniques are typically unable to measure more than a few cells per day, making widespread adoption difficult and limiting statistical reproducibility. We have developed a dielectrophoretic platform using a disposable 3D electrode geometry that accurately (r2 > 0.99) measures mean electrical properties of populations of ~20,000 cells, by taking parallel ensemble measurements of cells at 20 frequencies up to 45 MHz, in (typically) ten seconds. This allows acquisition of ultra-high-resolution (100-point) DEP spectra in under two minutes. Data acquired from a wide range of cells – from platelets to large cardiac cells - benchmark well with patch-clamp-data. These advantages are collectively demonstrated in a longitudinal (same-animal) study of rapidly-changing phenomena such as ultradian (2–3 hour) rhythmicity in whole blood samples of the common vole (Microtus arvalis), taken from 10 µl tail-nick blood samples and avoiding sacrifice of the animal that is typically required in these studies.
Schisandrin A protects intestinal epithelial cells from deoxynivalenol-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative damage and inflammation
Authors: Wan Murphy L. Y. , Turner Paul C. , Co Vanessa A. , Wang M. F. , Amiri Khaled M. A. , El-Nezami Hani 
Published: December 2019

AbstractExtensive research has revealed the association of continued oxidative stress with chronic inflammation, which could subsequently affect many different chronic diseases. The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) frequently contaminates cereals crops worldwide, and are a public health concern since DON ingestion may result in persistent intestinal inflammation. There has also been considerable attention over the potential of DON to provoke oxidative stress. In this study, the cytoprotective effect of Schisandrin A (Sch A), one of the most abundant active dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans in the fruit of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (also known as Chinese magnolia-vine), was investigated in HT-29 cells against DON-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and inflammation. Sch A appeared to protect against DON-induced cytotoxicity in HT-29 cells, and significantly lessened the DON-stimulated intracellular reactive oxygen species and nitrogen oxidative species production. Furthermore, Sch A lowered DON-induced catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase antioxidant enzyme activities but maintains glutathione S transferase activity and glutathione levels. Mechanistic studies suggest that Sch A reduced DON-induced oxidative stress by down-regulating heme oxygenase-1 expression via nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 signalling pathway. In addition, Sch A decreased the DON-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 production and pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 8 expression and secretion. This may be mediated by preventing DON-induced translocation of nuclear factor-κB, as well as activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases pathways. In the light of these findings, we concluded that Sch A exerted a cytoprotective role in DON-induced toxicity in vitro, and it would be valuable to examine in vivo effects.
Global Corticospinal Excitability as Assessed in A Non-Exercised Upper Limb Muscle Compared Between Concentric and Eccentric Modes of Leg Cycling
Authors: Walsh Joel A. , Stapley Paul J. , Shemmell Jonathan B. H. , Lepers Romuald , McAndrew Darryl J. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of eccentric (ECC) and concentric (CON) semi-recumbent leg cycling on global corticospinal excitability (CSE), assessed through the activity of a non-exercised hand muscle. Thirteen healthy male adults completed two 30-min bouts of moderate intensity ECC and CON recumbent cycling on separate days. Power output (POutput), heart rate (HR) and cadence were monitored during cycling. Global CSE was assessed using transcranial magnetic stimulation to elicit motor-evoked potentials (MEP) in the right first dorsal interosseous muscle before (‘Pre’), interleaved (at 10 and 20 mins, t10 and t20, respectively), immediately after (post, P0), and 30-min post exercise (P30). Participants briefly stopped pedalling (no more than 60 s) while stimulation was applied at the t10 and t20 time-points of cycling. Mean POutput, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) did not differ between ECC and CON cycling and HR was significantly lower during ECC cycling (P = 0.01). Group mean MEP amplitudes were not significantly different between ECC and CON cycling at P0, t10, t20, and P30 and CON (at P > 0.05). Individual participant ratios of POutput and MEP amplitude showed large variability across the two modes of cycling, as did changes in slope of stimulus-response curves. These results suggest that compared to ‘Pre’ values, group mean CSE is not significantly affected by low-moderate intensity leg cycling in both modes. However, POutput and CSE show wide inter-participant variability which has implications for individual neural responses to CON and ECC cycling and rates of adaptation to a novel (ECC) mode. The study of CSE should therefore be analysed for each participant individually in relation to relevant physiological variables and account for familiarisation to semi-recumbent ECC leg cycling.
Nationaler Kompetenzbasierter Lernzielkatalog Chirurgie – allgemeiner Teil mit fachbezogenen ärztlichen Handlungskompetenzen am Ende des Praktischen Jahres
Authors: Sterz Jasmina , Adili Farzin , Bender Michael , Dahmen Uta , Heinemann Markus K. , Hofmann Hans-Stefan , König Sarah , Obertacke Udo , Rüsseler Miriam , Stefanescu Christina , Voß Sebastian Herbert , Walcher Felix , Kadmon Martina ,   für die Chirurgische Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lehre (CAL) der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie (DGCH)
Published: December 2019

ZusammenfassungUm den Erfordernissen der medizinischen Versorgung aktuell und in Zukunft Rechnung zu tragen, wird die medizinische Aus- und Weiterbildung zunehmend kompetenzbasiert ausgerichtet. Grundlage bilden handlungsorientiert formulierte Lernziele, die in kompetenzorientierten Lernzielkatalogen zusammengeführt werden. Der Nationale Kompetenzbasierte Lernzielkatalog Medizin (NKLM) kann als fächerübergreifende Basis für ein Kerncurriculum herangezogen werden. Bereits 2013 sind für die chirurgischen Fachdisziplinen mit dem speziellen Teil des Nationalen Kompetenzbasierten Lernzielkataloges Chirurgie (NKLC) Handlungskompetenzen definiert worden, die die Studierenden nach Abschluss des Praktischen Jahres in Bezug auf konkrete Krankheitsbilder erreicht haben sollen. Mit dem nun ergänzten allgemeinen Teil des NKLC wurden disziplinübergreifend Kompetenzen definiert und von allen chirurgischen Fachdisziplinen konsentiert, die für sämtliche chirurgische Fachdisziplinen gleichermaßen Gültigkeit haben und von Vertreterinnen und Vertretern aller Fachdisziplinen in die Lehre einbezogen werden sollten. Der nun vollständige NKLC liegt den Fakultäten, Lehrenden und Lernenden zur Erprobung vor (verfügbar unter: https://www.dgch.de/index.php?id=190&L=528). Leitgedanke für den gesamten Entwicklungsprozess waren das Erreichen der grundsätzlichen Weiterbildungsbefähigung und die Patientensicherheit beim Berufseinstieg.
Prediction of Canal Erosion on Tidal Swamp Delta Telang I, Banyuasin Regency, South Sumatra
Authors: Syarifudin Achmad , Risa Destania Henggar , Hamdani Yunan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Surface water dynamics at swamp region either in tertiary compartment also at canals very influenced by several conditions, among others: total rainfall, hydro-topography, potential high water overflow, potential drainage, water order network condition, and water order building operation. For that entire components must be evaluated and at analysis to support plants amount of water required fulfillment efforts. The canals need observation data directly at field so that can accurate observation data. In the manner likes this need time, energy and cost big enough. Therefore, computer model use to guess and evaluate network performance is a correct solution. Related to troubleshoot above, so necessary existence to watchfulness besides to evaluate existing drainage system performance in water face control at also necessary channel stability analysis in the effort support operation and channel maintenance. Supposed to this watchfulness can describe according to intact process the happening of erosion and sedimentation at channel, environment service aspect and qualitatively model constructively SOBEK software can explain sedimentation dynamics in canals at tidal swamp region.
Assessment for Seismic Activities in Pesisir Selatan West Sumatra in 2018
Authors: Imani R , Boy W , Dewi U , Sari A , Purba W , Chairi M , Melasari J 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
The tendency of the recurring earthquake phenomenon in the same place in an area with a high seismic level has triggered an increase in earthquake activity in the region. Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan, which is located in West Sumatra Province, is a coastal area that is very close to the waters of the Sumatran sea as well as a source of destructive earthquakes that hit Sumatra. To anticipate the risk of future earthquakes and as an effort to increase public awareness and preparedness in the South Coast, in particular, it is necessary to provide understanding and knowledge of the seismic activities that have occurred there. The research method was carried out by collecting earthquake event data in the South Coast region for the period of January - December 2018 from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) data. The results of the analysis concluded, that in the Pesisir Selatan District there were frequent tectonic earthquakes, and also followed by landslides due to the contours of many hilly areas.
Electronic health cloud as service to improve collaboration in healthcare organizations
Authors: Gomaa Abdulaziz Shady , Mohd Yasin Norizan , AlGamal Zeinab , Hateem Asmaa , Ramakrishnan Kalaimagal 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
There are many factors contributing to lack of collaboration which relates to teamwork and partnership in healthcare organization such as low awareness level in technology use, computer literacy, absence of e-health cloud, poor health information systems, decentralized systems, language barriers, difficulty to manage and control large amounts of data, work independently and time factor. Among medical staffs it is important to be able to share information and knowledge in patient treatments by having a better implementation of the electronic health cloud as service can improve and enhance the collaboration This research was conducted using mixed method approach combining observations, questionnaires and interviews used to determine the level of collaboration among medical staff in e-health cloud environment.
Transparent Encryption Technique for Trusted Computing
Authors: Gushelmi  , Mohd Zin Abdullah 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Trusted computing is a technology that has been developed to make a computer safer and more trustworthy. The main purpose of trusted computing is to ensure that only authorized user will be able to use and access information stored inside the computer. Although the current trusted computing technology is capable of providing the level of trustworthiness required, it is still subjected to physical attack. In order to solve this problem, the TPM-UAM model has been proposed. However, in order to provide better protection, it is important that data inside the computer to be encrypted whenever it is not used and decrypted whenever it needs to be used. A number of encryption techniques are available such as RSA, AES, DES/3DES, Twofish, Blowfish, IDEA, SEAL, RC4. However, time taken for encrypting and decrypting data by using these techniques is huge. This paper describes a research work that is currently undertaken in order to develop a new encryption mechanism that can provide very fast and transparent encryption and decryption services for trusted computers.
Smart irrigation system based on internet of things (IOT)
Authors: Ismail Nurulisma , Rajendran Sheegillshah , Chee Tak Wong , Ker Xin Tham , Shazatushima Shahril Anuar Nur , Aiman Zakaria Fadhil , Mohammed Salleh Al Quhaif Yahya , Hasan Karakhan Hussein Amer M. , Rahim Hasliza A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) technology is very much used in agriculture. Therefore, this paper is about a project that focuses in the field of agriculture with the objective of controlling the water consumption in agriculture field which is based on IoT where all information is viewed and controlled in fingertips. As a part of the system development, few sensors applied such as: (i) a soil moisture sensor (YL-69) to detect the water level in soil; (ii) the humidity and temperature sensor (DHT-11) to trace early signs of temperature changes; and (iii) the pressure sensor (BMP 280) to measure the pressure of the surrounding. These sensors are connected to a Wi-Fi module (Node MCU) and they are interdependent to give extra sensitivity to the irrigation system. The data collected will be uploaded to the cloud (ThingSpeak.com and Firebase) and displayed in the form of graphs that could be seen through the app and website. The app functions to display the reading from the sensors and to control the water pump for emergencies purposes. In conclusion, the project managed to fulfil all its objectives in the aspects of water consumption, minimal project cost, less labour, power consumption, and reliability.
A comparative analysis of detection mechanisms for emotion detection
Authors: Balakrishnan Vimala , Cynthia Martin Marian , Kaur Wandeep , Javed Amir 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
This paper compared the performance of emotion detection mechanisms using dataset crawled from Facebook diabetes support group pages. To be specific, string-based Multinomial Naïve Bayes algorithm, NRC Emotion Lexicon (Emolex) and Indico API were used to detect five emotions present in 2475 Facebook posts, namely, fear, joy, sad, anger and surprise. Both accuracy and F-score measures were used to assess the effectiveness of the algorithms in detecting the emotions. Findings indicate string-based Multinomial Naïve Bayes to outperform both Emolex (i.e. 82% vs. 78%) and Indico API (i.e. 82% vs. 50%). Further analysis also revealed emotions such as joy, fear and sadness to be of the highest frequencies for the diabetes community. Implications of the findings and emotions detected are further discussed in this paper.
Prediction of Malaysian stock market movement using sentiment analysis
Authors: Cheng Kuan Low , Akmar Ismail Maizatul , Zayet Tasnim M. A. , Mohamed Shuhidan Shuhaida 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Financial and business news contain various information about different companies, stock markets and other financial information. This information could be useful for predicting the stock market movement. The aim of this study is to determine whether financial news could be used to predict the Malaysian stock market movement. The sentiment analysis and classification were done using Hybrid Naïve Bayes algorithm. The data for this study was collected from Genting Berhad for a period of 11 months. The method resulted in news classification accuracy of 68.75% and showed a correlation of 58.41% between historical stock price and the sentiment data.