bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adenocarcinoma with fetal features invading the right superior sulcus treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by complete video-assisted thoracoscopic right upper lobectomy: a case report
Authors: Kojima Kensuke , Yoon Hyungeun , Sakamoto Tetsuki , Utsumi Tomoki , Sakurai Teiko , Takeuchi Naoko , Takeda Maiko , Kasai Takahiko , Atagi Shinji , Matsumura Akihide 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung is a rare lung neoplasm that accounts for only 0.5% of all primary lung cancers. Because of its rarity, effective treatments for the management of the tumor are poorly understood. We herein report a case of adenocarcinoma with fetal features of the lung with invasion of the right superior sulcus that was treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgical resection.

Case presentation
A 54-year-old man was referred to a medical institution due to right inner forearm pain. On computed tomography of the chest, a 56-mm mass with invasion of right superior sulcus was discovered. Bronchoscopic biopsy revealed non-small cell lung carcinoma. We performed concurrent chemotherapy (2 cycles of cisplatin and vinorelbine) and thoracic radiation therapy (40 Gy in 20 fractions). As the result of extreme tumor reduction after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, we could perform right upper lobectomy by complete video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Since no viable cancer cells were detected from the pathological examination of the resected tissue, the specimen obtained by bronchoscopic biopsy was reexamined by immunohistochemistry. The analysis supported a pathologic diagnosis of adenocarcinoma with fetal features.

Conclusions
We experienced a case of adenocarcinoma with fetal features of the lung in which the patient showed a complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. In addition, the tumor invading the right superior sulcus was completely resected by video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery may be also an effective treatment for advanced-stage high-grade fetal adenocarcinoma of the lung, similarly to other subtypes of advanced-stage primary lung cancer.
Bioefficacy of red cabbage against hypercholesterolemic diet mediated oxidative stress
Authors: Ashfaq Faiza , Butt Masood Sadiq , Bilal Ahmad , Tehseen Saima , Suleria Hafiz Ansar Rasul 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
The shift towards hypercaloric diets and sedentariness has raised lifestyle related disorders and escalated health care cost. In order to tackle this epidemiological transition, healthy, affordable food choices should be introduced in the routine menu. In this context, red cabbage is known for its rich phytochemistry, minerals, antioxidant vitamins and dietary fiber. Considering these evidences, red cabbage leaves and its extract were assessed against hypercholesterolemia and associated oxidative stress.

Methods
In bioefficacy assessment trial (12 weeks), there were two dietary regimens; normal and hypercholesterolemic (1% cholesterol) that were further split into three groups each. In both feeding trials, red cabbage leaves (20%) and its extract in dose equivalent to red cabbage leaves were assessed against control diets. At termination of trial, serum lipidemic parameters and oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed to test the efficacy of diets.

Results
In hypercholesterolemic rabbits, red cabbage leaves showed significant reduction in cholesterol, LDL-c and triacylglycerol levels i.e. 15.19, 18.09 and 9.42% than extract administered groups; 10.79, 12.24 and 5.72, respectively. Besides, red cabbage leaves also portrayed momentous enhancement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity up to 13.29 & 17.63% by lowering lipid peroxidation by 27.86% in hypercholesterolemic diet fed groups, whereas red cabbage extract administered group depicted relatively lesser amelioration in lipid peroxidation i.e. 21.42%.

Conclusions
Red cabbage leaves possess higher ameliorative potential against altered lipidemic profile and lipid peroxidation as compared to its extract thus explains its ability to prevent exhaustion of endogenous antioxidant enzymes; SOD and CAT.
Does abnormal lending behavior increase bank riskiness? Evidence from Turkey
Authors: Shahzad Farrukh , Fareed Zeeshan , Zulfiqar Bushra , Habiba Umme , Ikram Muhammad 
Published: October 2019

AbstractPurposeThis study empirically analyzes whether the rapid growth of loans and risk-taking behavior during the expansion of loans affected non-performing loans (NPLs) and the solvency of financial institutions in the Turkish banking system.Design/methodology/approachUsing the GMM Generalized Method of Moments, this study used data on Turkish banks from 2011 to 2017 to test two hypotheses on the effects of loan growth on NPLs and solvency.FindingsThis study finds significant results for the effect of loan growth on NPLs and solvency. NPLs rose from the previous year’s loan growth, which tended to reduce solvency.Research limitations/implicationsDue to selected research methods, the results may lack generality. Therefore, future studies should test the propositions herein further.Practical implicationsThe results indicate that careful allocation behavior is required when lending. Additionally, these findings may be helpful to financial managers and decision makers.Originality/valueThis study confirms the need to determine how to allocate loans during the loan boom periods.
New functionalism: rejuvenating historical and cultural heritage through urban revival
Authors: Zhang Jijiao 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
The better protection and utilization of historical and cultural heritage sites, objects, and practices (especially intangible aspects of cultural heritage) based on anthropological research can work in the field of urban planning and design, an applied field with interdisciplinary cooperation, thus bringing new vitality to urban development. Additionally, the relationship between historical and cultural heritage and urban revival is not only binary opposition, but also coexistence and connection. Thus, this article does not highlight the dichotomy of tradition vs. modernity. After a critique of the inherited “view of cultural conservatism”, based on Malinowski’s classic and static “cultural functionalism”, Fei Xiaotong’s idea of “cultural development and utilization”, Li Peilin’s “continuous spectrum” theory and the “Wirth-Redfield” model, this paper puts forward a classic and dynamic theory of “new functionalism” that analyzes the relationship between historical and cultural heritage and urban revival through the new value of historical and cultural heritage in urban revival. The comparative cases focus on four domestic and foreign cities—— the City of York, England; Kyoto, Japan; Dali in Yunnan, China; and Haikou in Hainan, China—— and show that the protection and utilization of historical and cultural heritage is one of the core issues of urban revival. In this light, tangible historical and cultural heritage is the “body” and intangible heritage is the “soul” of urban areas. It is important to integrate the traditional “body” with the innovative “soul”. In urban revival, only when we protect and use sites of historical and cultural heritage well, and rejuvenate them for driving urban development, will the cities grow in a way that will be long-lived and healthy and along the path of sustainable development.
A qualitative study exploring the health-related quality of life and symptomatic experiences of adults and adolescents with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Newton Louise , Randall Jason A. , Hunter Theresa , Keith Shannon , Symonds Tara , Secrest Roberta J. , Komocsar Wendy J. , Curtis Sarah E. , Abetz-Webb Linda , Kappelman Michael , Naegeli April N. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Ulcerative colitis (UC) often first presents during adolescence and early adulthood. Primary symptoms of UC are well known, yet similarities and differences of disease experience in adults and adolescents are not well characterized.

Methods
To understand the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and symptomatic experience of UC, in-depth interviews were conducted in the US with 21 adults (20–70 years) and 14 adolescents (12–17 years). Eligibility and medical history were confirmed by clinician report. A previously conducted literature review and resultant conceptual model informed the discussion guide to explore symptoms and HRQoL. Age appropriate creative tasks (“animal” task and collage) were employed to facilitate discussion. Transcripts and collages were subjected to thematic analysis using ATLAS.ti software.

Results
Clinician-reported UC severity included 24% mild, 38% moderate, 38% severe among adults; and 64% mild, 29% moderate, 7% severe among adolescents. Among adults, 52% were female, 67% were white. Among adolescents, 50% were female, 71% were white. During analysis it was noted that all participants reported stomach/abdominal pain. Other key symptoms identified were frequent bowel movements, diarrhea, blood in stools, sudden need for bowel movement, stomach cramping, bloating, and feeling gassy/passing gas (≥75% of participants). Key impacts identified were embarrassment, dietary limitations, having to plan around UC, worry/fear, anger, low mood/depression, and relationship with others, (≥75% of participants). In creative tasks, animals were chosen to represent their UC and content included in the collages reflected the most commonly discussed themes from the interviews. Only adults discussed feeling dehydrated, while only adolescents discussed the impact of UC on school life.

Conclusions
Open-ended interviews highlighted the HRQoL and symptomatic experiences of UC from the patient’s perspective, which were similar between adult and adolescent UC patients.
Reproducibility of semiautomated body composition segmentation of abdominal computed tomography: a multiobserver study
Authors: Kjønigsen Lisa Jannicke , Harneshaug Magnus , Fløtten Ann-Monica , Karterud Lena Korsmo , Petterson Kent , Skjolde Grethe , Eggesbø Heidi B. , Weedon-Fekjær Harald , Henriksen Hege Berg , Lauritzen Peter M. 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Segmentation of computed tomography (CT) images provides quantitative data on body tissue composition, which may greatly impact the development and progression of diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer. We aimed to evaluate the inter- and intraobserver variation of semiautomated segmentation, to assess whether multiple observers may interchangeably perform this task.

Methods
Anonymised, unenhanced, single mid-abdominal CT images were acquired from 132 subjects from two previous studies. Semiautomated segmentation was performed using a proprietary software package. Abdominal muscle compartment (AMC), inter- and intramuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were identified according to pre-established attenuation ranges. The segmentation was performed by four observers: an oncology resident with extensive training and three radiographers with a 2-week training programme. To assess interobserver variation, segmentation of each CT image was performed individually by two or more observers. To assess intraobserver variation, three of the observers did repeated segmentations of the images. The distribution of variation between subjects, observers and random noise was estimated by a mixed effects model. Inter- and intraobserver correlation was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results
For all four tissue compartments, the observer variations were far lower than random noise by factors ranging from 1.6 to 3.6 and those between subjects by factors ranging from 7.3 to 186.1. All interobserver ICC was ≥ 0.938, and all intraobserver ICC was ≥ 0.996.

Conclusions
Body composition segmentation showed a very low level of operator dependability. Multiple observers may interchangeably perform this task with highly reproducible results.
The effects of kinesio taping of lower limbs on functional mobility, spasticity, and range of motion of children with spastic cerebral palsy
Authors: Tabatabaee Mirjavad , Cheraghifard Moslem , Shamsoddini Alireza 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive neurological disease in a growing brain.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of kinesio taping (KT) of the lower limbs on functional mobility, spasticity, and range of motion (ROM) of children with cerebral palsy.

Methods
Thirty children with spastic cerebral palsy aged 3 to 10 years old were selected from pediatric rehabilitation clinics. Subjects were divided randomly into intervention and control groups. Each group contains 15 subjects. Both groups received kinesio taping along with occupational therapy for 2 weeks. In the intervention group, kinesio taping was applied in a treatment mode with suitable tension; however, taping was applied in the control group in a sham mode. Timed get up and go (TUG), Modified Modified Ashworth (MMA), and goniometer tests were used prior to the intervention and 2 days and 2 weeks after the intervention.

Results
Short-term application of kinesio taping in the intervention group did not lead to significant changes in ROM (P = 0.582), muscle tone (P = 0.317), and functional mobility (P = 0.320). However, long-term application of kinesio taping improved the range of motion, muscle tone, and functional mobility (P < 0.05). No significant change has been observed in the control group in different intervals.

Conclusion
The findings indicated that kinesio taping can increase ROM of the knee and reduce spasticity. It also can improve the functional mobility. Therefore, it seems that kinesio taping is efficient for rehabilitation of spastic CP as a reliable treatment method.

Trial registration
IRCT, IRCT2017082135822N1, Registered 19 September 2017, https://fa.irct.ir/IRCT2017082135822N1.
Application of Bacillus species for controlling root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in eggplant
Authors: El-Nagdi Wafaa M. A. , Abd-El-Khair Hassan 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is one of the important vegetable crops infected by Meloidogyne incognita all over the world, including Egypt. Chemical nematicides frequently cause environmental pollution and toxic hazards to human, plants, and animals; certain biocontrol agents that are environmentally friendly and safe to humans and animals were tested against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in eggplant.

Objective
This work is aimed to determine the nematicidal activity of Bacillus spp., viz., B. subtilis and B. pumilus, against M. incognita in three separated experiments to study their ability in controlling M. incognita and in improving the growth parameters of eggplants. Bacillus spp. were applied as single or in combination (experiment I), single treatment at different doses (experiment II), and different times (three times) of application (experiment III).

Results
The results of experiment I revealed that Bacillus sp. + B. subtilis significantly reduced the second-stage juvenile (J2) in soil and galls and egg masses in roots, while Bacillus sp. + B. pumilus significantly reduced J2 in roots. Bacillus spp. in pairs were more effective against M. incognita. In experiment II, Bacillus sp. (40 ml) significantly reduced the J2 in soil and galls and egg masses in roots, while B. pumilus (40 ml) significantly reduced the J2 in roots. The nematicidal activity of Bacillus spp. was increased by increasing the applied dose. In experiment III, B. subtilis, when applied three times, significantly reduced the J2 in soil and the J2 and galls in roots, while B. pumilus (applied three times) significantly reduced the egg masses in roots. All Bacillus spp. treatments highly increased the tested growth parameters compared to the controls.

Conclusions
The tested biocontrol agents used more than once or in combination are more effective than those used only once in controlling nematode parameters in eggplant under greenhouse conditions with a consequent increase in eggplant growth. These bacterial isolates need to be studied under different field conditions for confirmation.
Occurrence, toxicity, production and detection of Fusarium mycotoxin: a review
Authors: Ji Fang , He Dan , Olaniran A. O. , Mokoena M. P. , Xu Jianhong , Shi Jianrong 
Published: October 2019

Abstract
Fusarium mycotoxin contamination of both foods and feeds is an inevitable phenomenon worldwide. Deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, zearalenone, T-2 toxin and fumonisin B1 are the most studied Fusarium mycotoxins. Co-contamination of mycotoxins has also been studied frequently. Fusarium mycotoxins occur frequently in foods at very low concentrations, so there is a need to provide sensitive and reliable methods for their early detection. The present review provides insight on the types, toxicology and occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins. It further elucidates various detection methods of mycotoxin production from Fusarium strains, with a special focus on chromatographic and immunochemical techniques.
Delayed myocardial enhancement in children with different types of cardiomyopathy: a diagnostic and prognostic tool
Authors: Elfadl Hend Gamal Mohamed Fathy Abuo , El Mogy Sabry Alam El Dean Mohamed , Abouelkeir Mohamed Magdy Aly , Gaballah Ghada Mohamad , Eid Nevertiti Kamal El-Din 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
The pattern of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in cardiomyopathy is quite different in children compared to adults. In addition, the data about LGE imaging in children are still restricted, so the goal was to study the role of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) with different techniques, including LGE images in diagnosis and evaluation of different types of cardiomyopathy in children.

Results
In group A (enhancement group), LVEDV 146.2 (144) ml, indexed LVEDV 81.8 (195) ml, LVESV 50 (357) ml, indexed LVESV 47.5 (243) ml, and LVEF 36% (64%), and a major adverse effect was found in 12 out of 15 cases (80%). However, in group B (non-enhancement group), the results were LVEDV 72 (303) ml, indexed LVEDV 75 (318) ml, LVESV 30 (220) ml, indexed LVESV 37.1 (189) ml, and LVEF 45.79% (65%), and a major adverse cardiac effect was found in 2 out of 16 cases (12.5%). The LVEF was lower, and LV volume indices including LVEDV and LVESV were higher in patients with LGE compared to those without LGE with a statistically significant difference (p value = 0.001, p value = 0.003, and p value = 0.005, respectively). Furthermore, it was also found that a major adverse effect occurs with higher incidence in enhancement cases (92%) as compared to non-enhancement cases (12.5%) with a statistically significant difference (p value ≤ 0.001). LGE was found in 15 cases out of 31 cases (48.4%); however, the remaining 13 cases had no contrast study.

Conclusion
Cardiac MRI can be considered as an important non-invasive imaging modality, not only for assessment but also for differentiation between ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy in the pediatric age group. Using its different techniques allows a better assessment of morphologic and functional parameters in cardiomyopathy. Moreover, the late gadolinium enhancement is regarded as a promising non-invasive tool in the detection and quantification of myocardial scars. That is considered of high importance in diagnosis, categorization, and detection of etiology in most cases of different types of cardiomyopathy, in addition to risk stratification that can be an essential step in patient management.
Trans-arterial embolization of malignant tumor-related gastrointestinal bleeding: technical and clinical efficacy
Authors: Elmokadem Ali H. , Abdelsalam Hassan , El-Morsy Ahmed , Elsabbagh Ahmed 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Gastrointestinal (GI) tract bleeding is a major cause of mortality among patients with GI malignancies. We aimed to assess the technical and clinical efficacy of trans-arterial embolization (TAE) as a symptomatic treatment of tumor-related GI bleeding. This study was conducted for patients with GI bleeding secondary to histopathologically proven different GI malignancies. Fourteen patients underwent trans-arterial embolization. Patients were followed up clinically for any complications or episodes of recurrent bleeding.

Results
Fourteen patients were included (9 males and 5 females) with mean age 55.5 years (range 42–69 years). All procedures were technically successful with post-procedural hemorrhage control and no immediate complication. The 30-day post-procedural clinical success rate was 78.4%. Three repeated clinically successful TAE sessions were done for recurrent bleeding. The median post-procedural follow-up duration was 241 days. The 30-day mortality rate was 7.1%, while the overall mortality rate was 35.7%.

Conclusion
Trans-arterial embolization of tumor-related GI bleeding controlled hemorrhage with acceptable clinical success rate and without complication in this small group of patients.
Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Is a Pancreatic Polypeptide Secretagogue in Humans
Authors: Veedfald Simon , Vedtofte Louise , Skov-Jeppesen Kirsa , Deacon Carolyn F , Hartmann Bolette , Vilsbøll Tina , Knop Filip K , Christensen Mikkel B , Holst Jens J 
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Background
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) has been suggested to stimulate the secretion of pancreatic polypeptide (PP), an islet hormone thought to regulate gut motility, appetite, and glycemia.

Objective
To determine whether human GIP1-42 (hGIP) stimulates PP secretion.

Method
As glycemia modulates the secretion of PP, we measured plasma PP concentrations from 2 studies in healthy men (n = 10) and in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) (n = 12), where hGIP1-42 had been administered intravenously during fasting glycemia, hyperglycemia (12 mmol/L), and insulin-induced hypoglycemia (targets: 2.5 mmol/L [healthy]; 3.5 mmol/L [T2D]). Porcine GIP1-42 (pGIP) was also infused intra-arterially in isolated porcine pancreata (n = 4).

Results
Mean fasting plasma glucose concentrations were approximately 5 mmol/L (healthy) and approximately 8 mmol/L (T2D). At fasting glycemia, PP concentrations were higher during intravenous hGIP1-42 infusion compared with saline in healthy men (mean [standard error of the mean, SEM], net incremental areas under the curves (iAUCs)[0-30min], 403 [116] vs –6 [57] pmol/L × min; P = 0.004) and in patients with T2D (905 [177] vs –96 [86] pmol/L × min; P = 0.009). During hyperglycemic clamping, mean [SEM] PP concentrations were significantly higher during hGIP1-42 infusion compared with saline in patients with T2D (771 [160] vs –183 [117] pmol/L × min; P = 0.001), but not in healthy individuals (–8 [86] vs –57 [53] pmol/L × min; P = 0.69). When plasma glucose levels were declining in response to exogenous insulin, mean [SEM] PP concentrations were higher during hGIP1-42 infusion compared with saline in healthy individuals (294 [88] vs –82 [53] pmol/L × min; P = 0.0025), but not significantly higher in patients with T2D (586 [314] vs –120 [53]; P = 0.070). At target hypoglycemia, PP levels surged in both groups during both hGIP1-42 and saline infusions. In isolated pancreata, pGIP1-42 increased mean [SEM] PP output in the pancreatic venous effluent (baseline vs infusion, 24[5] vs 79 [16] pmol/min x min; P = 0.044).

Conclusion
GIP1-42 increases plasma PP secretion in healthy individuals, patients with T2D, and isolated porcine pancreata. Hyperglycemia blunts the stimulatory effect of hGIP1-42 in healthy individuals, but not in patients with T2D.