bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of environmental instability on the reproductive strategy of the critically endangered Acıgöl killifish (Aphanius transgrediens)
Authors: Yoğurtçuoğlu Baran , Uyan Umut , Ekmekçi F. Güler 
Published: April 2020

AbstractTo investigate the variability in the reproductive tactics of Acıgöl killifish (Aphanius transgrediens), one of the most seriously threatened freshwater teleost species, this study compared its reproductive ecology in two contrasting habitats that differ substantially in terms of stability of environmental parameters, particularly salinity regime (stable vs. unstable). Fish were sampled monthly from October 2013 to September 2014 with the aim of testing whether the reproductive life‐history response of fish to stable and unstable conditions differed. The reproductive effort (gonad weight) of both sexes did not differ significantly between the two habitats, but females in the unstable habitat had significantly lower fecundity and larger eggs. The relationship between fecundity and fish size was stronger in the stable habitat, whereas the relationship was quite variable and uncertain in the unstable habitat. Fish born in the unstable habitat reached their first maturity at a smaller size than those in the stable habitat. The gonado‐somatic index and the duration of hydrated eggs showed that reproduction continued from February to May in both habitats; nonetheless, a second spawning event occurred during July and August in the unstable habitat, which included the reproductive contributions of YOY individuals and older generations. This study’s results suggest that A. transgrediens employs varying reproductive strategies against environmental instability in its restricted unique range. This may have further implications for the ways in which habitat‐specific conservation methods are used.
POSTCRISIS M&As AND THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS
Authors: Cleary Sean , Hossain Ashrafee 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWe find that mergers and acquisitions (M&As) occurring after the 2007–2009 financial crisis were significantly more value enhancing than precrisis M&As, in both the short and long term. This superior postcrisis performance can be attributed to an increase in external financing constraints following the crisis that caused a decline in general financing availability. This decline restricted the universe of potential acquiring firms to those that were less financially constrained, whereas the typical postcrisis target firm was more financially constrained. As a result, postcrisis acquirers were able to obtain targets at more attractive prices relative to their intrinsic value during the precrisis period when external financing was much less constrained. We also find that the typical postcrisis acquirer had greater long‐term focus than their precrisis counterparts and used their financial strength to capitalize on strategic opportunities.
Nondestructive detection for egg freshness grade based on hyperspectral imaging technology
Authors: Yao Kunshan , Sun Jun , Zhou Xin , Nirere Adria , Tian Yan , Wu Xiaohong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn order to identify the freshness grade of eggs nondestructively and rapidly, hyperspectral imaging technology was used in this article. The hyperspectral data of 200 samples of three freshness grades was acquired by using hyperspectral image acquisition system (400.68–1,001.612 nm), and then the freshness grade of egg samples was measured by stoichiometry. First, Mahalanobis distance algorithm was used to remove abnormal sample data. Second, savitzky–golay and wavelet threshold denoising combined with standard normalized variable were used to pretreat the spectral data, respectively. Third, iteratively retains informative variables (IRIV), variable iterative space shrinkage approach, and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling were used for feature wavelength selection. Since the classification accuracy of support vector machine (SVM) model was affected by the selection of parameters, genetic algorithm (GA) was introduced to search the optimal parameters in SVM and compared with grid search algorithm. Finally, the result indicated that the classification accuracy of training set and test set of the optimal classification model (IRIV‐GA‐SVM) reached 99.29% and 97.87%, respectively. Thus, it is feasible to use hyperspectral image technology to detect egg freshness grade.Practical ApplicationsThe freshness grade is one of the most important indexes to measure the quality of eggs. Traditional methods of detecting egg freshness grade are time‐consuming and destructive, which cannot meet the test needs of modern agriculture. Hyperspectral imaging, an emerging technology, can provide both spectral and spatial information simultaneously, and has the advantages of nondestructive, fast and nonpollution. The result indicated that hyperspectral imaging technology for the detection of freshness grade of eggs is feasible.
Centrifugal separation‐assisted and extraction of crude palm oil from separated mesocarp fiber: Central composite design optimization
Authors: Wondi Mohd Hafizz , Shamsudin Rosnah , Yunus Robiah , Alsultan G. Abdulkareem , Iswardi Aditya Hutama 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn the current research, a centrifugal separator was developed for oil palm fruitlets to separate the mesocarp fibers from the nuts prior to oil extraction, which usually involves grinding the whole palm fruitlets to get the oil. This new technique can increase the yield of crude palm oil derived from the mesocarp without the presence of kernel oil from the nuts. This work focused on the effect of rotational speed and separation time on the mesocarp/nut recovery, oil yield, and broken nut percentage. It was found that the increase of rotational speed and milling time increased the mesocarp recovery without damaging the kernels. The oil extracted from the mesocarp was analyzed, and the results show that the oil properties such as free fatty acid, deterioration of bleachability index, and carotene were better than the properties of the palm oil extracted using the conventional method. From the optimization study, the maximum mesocarp recovery (60.84%) and palm oil extracted (46.02%) were obtained at 943 rpm of rotational speed and 20 s of milling time. The centrifugal technique allowed the separation of mesocarp from the nuts for a better palm oil extraction.Practical applicationsCentrifugal separation is viable technique for mesocarp fiber and nuts separation process. This proposed technique has been proven in obtaining high oil yield with lower broken kernel. The crude palm oil extracted through the separation process also meets the standard industrial requirements.
QR 678 & QR678 Neo Vs PRP—A randomised, comparative, prospective study
Authors: Kapoor Rinky , Shome Debraj , Vadera Sapna , Ram M. Shiva 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundHair plays a significant role in shaping the appearance of an individual. Loss of hair can lead to serious effects on social esteem of an individual. The most common cause of hair loss is Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA).This hereditary disorder followed a specific pattern causing progressive thinning of hair in both Men and Women.AimsThe aim of the current study is to compare and evaluate the efficacy of QR678 therapy versus PRP in the treatment of Male Androgenetic Alopecia. Since QR678 and QR678 Neo have been found to be formulations equivalent in efficacy, the results would be the same with either formulation.MethodsA prospective, comparative, single‐blind study was carried out with 2 groups of 25 patients each. Intradermal injections of QR678 formulations and PRP were injected in group A and B respectively. Hair pull test, Video microscopic assessment, Global Photographic assessment was done and patient’s subjective assessment was done through questionnaire at the end of the study. Results were evaluated after 6 months and follow up was done till 1 year.Results100% reduction in hair fall was noted at the end of 6 months in the QR678 group which was maintained for 1 year. Video microscopic evaluation showed that the hair density, terminal hair density, vellus hair density and shaft diameter were significantly better in QR678 group (P< .005) than the PRP group. Since QR678 and QR678 Neo formulatons are equivalent in efficacy, the results of tthis trial can be attributed to be the same, irrespective of the formulation used.ConclusionThe bioengineered formulation of QR678 proved to be more beneficial for Male Androgenetic Alopecia (Male pattern hair loss) compared to PRP. A comparative study between QR678 and PRP with long term follow‐up will widen our spectra of knowledge.
High levels of Helicobacter pylori antigens and antibodies in patients with severe acne vulgaris
Authors: Saleh Ramadan , Sedky Mahmoud Ahmed , Moustafa Dina Ali , Abu El‐Hamd Mohammed 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pylori (H pylori) may play a role in the pathogenesis of extra‐intestinal disorders including dermatological diseases.AimsThis study aimed to assess the levels of H pylori antigen and antibody in patients with acne vulgaris (AV).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study compared the levels of fecal H pylori antigen and serum H pylori antibody in 100 patients with AV and 100 age and sex‐matched healthy volunteers. Patients with AV were classified into mild, moderate, and severe according to the Global Acne Grading Scale. Levels of fecal H pylori antigen and serum H pylori antibodies were assessed using commercially available enzyme‐linked immune‐sorbent assay.ResultsThe patients with severe AV had significantly higher levels of fecal H pylori antigen as compared to the patients with mild AV, moderate AV, and healthy controls (P < .001). The patients with severe AV had significantly higher serum H pylori antibody as compared to the patients with mild AV, moderate AV, and healthy controls (P = .001). The levels of fecal H pylori antigen and serum H pylori antibody in the patients with mild AV were not significantly different from those in the patients with moderate AV (P = .49 and P = .05, respectively).ConclusionThe patients with severe AV had higher levels of fecal H pylori antigen and serum H pylori antibody as compared to the patients with mild and moderate AV and with healthy controls. The indicators of H pylori infection were positively correlated with the severity and duration of AV.
Evaluation of oxidative stress and psychoemotional status in premature hair graying
Authors: Acer Ersoy , Kaya Erdoğan Hilal , Kocatürk Evin , Saracoğlu Zeynep Nurhan , Alataş Özkan , Bilgin Muzaffer 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundHair graying is a natural process in aging and is not usually associated with a medical problem. It sometimes may occur at early age and is called premature hair graying (PHG). Pathogenesis of PHG is not clear but it was associated with various systemic diseases such as coronary artery diseases, osteopenia, and hypothyroidism.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress and psychoemotional status in individuals with PHG.MethodsSixty participants with PHG and 60 healthy volunteers aged between 18 and 20 years were included in the study. Total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) levels measured in serum, and oxidative stress index (OSI) were calculated. Participants were asked to complete Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Beck Anxiety Index (BAI).ResultsTotal oxidant status, OSI, and PSS scores were significantly higher in the PHG group (P < .001). There was no significant difference between severity of PHG and TAS, TOS, and OSI (P > .05). There was a significant relationship between BAI scores and TOS and OSI in PHG group (P = .03,P = .049, respectively).ConclusionOxidative and emotional stress may play a role in pathogenesis of PHG. Our study showed that serum oxidative stress and emotional stress were high in PHG. In other words, there was high systemic oxidative stress in PHG.
Long‐term effectiveness of a hyaluronic acid soft tissue filler in patients with facial lipoatrophy, morphological asymmetry, or debilitating scars
Authors: Grablowitz Doris , Ivezic‐Schoenfeld Zrinka , Federspiel Ira G. , Gehl Benjamin , Kopera Daisy , Prinz Martin 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundSoft tissue fillers are typically used for rejuvenating an aging face; they are also employed in the treatment of certain pathologic conditions, including facial lipoatrophy, morphological asymmetry, and debilitating scars.AimsThe aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Princess® Volume (PV) in patients with facial lipoatrophy (FLA), morphological asymmetry (MA), or debilitating scars (DS).Patients/MethodsThis prospective, noncomparative, multicenter clinical study consisted of five visits spread across 36 weeks. Up to 60 adult patients suffering from moderate facial lipoatrophy, facial morphological asymmetry, or debilitating scars on the face were to be included. All patients were treated with an HA filler (PV).ResultsAt Week 4, the treatment success rate in the SP was 98% (95% CI [90.4%, 100%]), as assessed by both the investigators and the patients. According to the independent reviewer, the success rate was 93% (95% CI [82.7%, 98.0%]). At Week 24, the effect was maintained in most patients, with success rates of 80% as evaluated by the investigator and 79% by the patient (95% CI [67.6%, 89.8%] and [65.6%, 88.4%], respectively). At Week 36, success rates dropped to 61% as assessed by the investigator and 59% by the patient (95% CI [46.8%, 73.5%] and [45.0%, 71.9%], respectively).ConclusionsThe clinical study has proven that Princess® Volume is a safe and effective therapeutic solution for the correction of soft tissue defects in FLA and facial MA, but limited success rate to DS.
Efficacy of olive leaf extract–containing cream for facial rejuvenation: A pilot study
Authors: Wanitphakdeedecha Rungsima , Ng Janice Natasha C. , Junsuwan Natchaya , Phaitoonwattanakij Sutasinee , Phothong Weeranut , Eimpunth Sasima , Manuskiatti Woraphong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackgroundOlive leaf extract (OLE), a naturally extracted product from olive leaves, contains oleuropein and other bioactive phenolic compounds. Oleuropein was identified to have various medical properties. It was also found to inhibit the effects of both acute and chronic UVB‐induced skin damage as well as accelerate wound healing activity.AimsTo evaluate the efficacy of olive leaf extract–containing cream on facial rejuvenation.MethodsThis is a prospective pilot study with a total of 36 participants, who presented with photoaging skin. All participants applied the olive leaf extract–containing cream (SUPERHEAL™ O‐Live Cream, PhytoCeuticals, Inc, USA) to their whole face twice daily for 2 months. Primary outcomes measured in the study were the changes in the biophysical properties of the skin assessed with the following parameters: melanin and erythema index, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration, skin pH, sebum level, texture, and wrinkles.ResultsAfter 2 months, TEWL decreased significantly (P = .007) and maintained the results 1 month after discontinuation of the treatment (P = .007). Skin hydration also increased significantly after 2 months (P = .004). Wrinkles improved significantly on all follow‐ups (P < .001, P = .001, P = .001, respectively). An image of the skin captured using Visioscan® showed improvement of the skin texture 2 months after treatment. Majority of the participants (64%) noted improvement in their skin texture.ConclusionOlive leaf extract–containing cream provided benefits on skin rejuvenation in human skin.
Functional oral health‐related quality of life impact: A systematic review in populations with tooth loss
Authors: Schierz Oliver , Baba Kazuyoshi , Fueki Kenji 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPatients perceive the impact of oral disorder in four major areas, the dimensions of oral health‐related quality life (OHRQoL) Oral Function, Orofacial Pain, Orofacial Appearance, and Psychosocial Impact. The functional aspect is essential given the need of chewing, biting, speech and swallowing. The objective of this study was to identify OHRQoL information for dental subjects with functional oral health problems. In a systematic review, distinct and clinically relevant groups of dental subject samples, in this study called “population groups,” with such functional OHRQoL information based on the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) were identified (PROSPERO registration: CRD42017064033). The search strategy was “Oral Health Impact Profile” or OHIP. Searches were conducted in the PubMed interface of the Medline database, EMBASE, Cochrane, CINAHL and PsyINFO on 8 June 2017 and updated on 14 January 2019. Published OHIP domain data of different versions were recalculated into OHIP‐14`s Physical Disability domain score, characterising the subject's Oral Function impact. 3,653 potentially abstracts were screened. We identified 78 publications reporting dimensional information on 154 subject samples with 52 populations. A typical mean functional impact for partially dentate subjects was 1.6 units on a 0 to 8 unit metric, while for edentate subjects, the mean functional impact was 2.6 units. The functional impact score ranged from 0 to 7.9 units with 50% of the patient samples located between 0.8 and 2.6 units. For the first time, we provide normalised and therefore comparable metric information about the functional OHRQoL impact for a substantial number of functional oral conditions.
Evaluation of Marginal and Internal Fit of Presintered Co‐Cr and Zirconia Three‐Unit Fixed Dental Prosthesis Compared to Cast Co‐Cr
Authors: Daou Elie E. , Baba Nadim Z. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPurposeThe precision of soft metal processing technologies is poorly documented. This study compared marginal and internal fit of presintered cobalt‐chromium (Co‐Cr) and zirconia three‐unit fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) to cast Co‐Cr.Materials and MethodsThree‐unit FDPs were prepared on metal dies (N = 60) from typodont preparations of the maxillary right first premolar and molar. A standardized preparation of a metal‐ceramic restoration was done on abutment teeth. The dies (N = 60) were scanned and divided into three groups (n = 20/group) to receive the FDP made of presintered Co‐Cr (Ceramill Si), presintered zirconia (Ceramill Zi), and cast Co‐Cr (Girobond NB). Each framework was seated on its specific cast. A replica technique was used for marginal and internal discrepancies measurements in mesiodistal and buccolingual planes. Data were analyzed using the Levene test, t‐test, and analysis of variance (α = 0.05).ResultsWhen the overall mean discrepancy values were compared in the mesiodistal plane, a significant difference was found between Ceramill Sintron and Ceramill Zi groups (p = 0.026). No significant difference was detected between Girobond NB and Ceramill Sintron groups and between Girobond NB and Ceramill Zi groups (p = 0.537 and p = 0.569, respectively). In the buccolingual plane, there was no significant difference in the overall mean discrepancy between the three groups: CS/CZ (p = 1.000), GI/CS (p = 0.51), and GI/CZ (p = 0.87). Significant differences at several measurement points were found at the inter or intramaterial level. The increase in discrepancy values between marginal and occlusal measurements was evident for the three groups.ConclusionsPresintered three‐unit FDPs fabricated from zirconia and Co‐Cr exhibited internal and marginal discrepancy values similar to cast Co‐Cr. A significant difference was reported between CS and CZ in mesiodistal planes. The axial and marginal differences in values for the three tested groups were below or around the 120 µm clinically acceptable threshold except for the occlusal area. When comparing first premolar to first molar, the internal and marginal discrepancies were similar with no apparent distortion of the framework after the sintering process.
Decreased melatonin secretion in patients with glaucoma: Quantitative association with glaucoma severity in the LIGHT study
Authors: Yoshikawa Tadanobu , Obayashi Kenji , Miyata Kimie , Saeki Keigo , Ogata Nahoko 
Published: April 2020

AbstractGlaucoma may be associated with circadian disruption due to its association with a loss of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. Clinical evidence demonstrating an association between glaucoma and circadian disruption is limited, and no large‐scale studies have been performed. The purpose of this cross‐sectional study was to determine whether the presence and severity of glaucoma is correlated with the urinary 6‐sulfatoxymelatonin levels as a circadian rhythm parameter. We measured the level of urinary 6‐sulfatoxymelatonin excretion (UME) in 118 glaucoma patients and 395 control participants without glaucoma. The UME in the glaucoma group was significantly lower than that of the control group without glaucoma (3.05 and 3.24 log ng/mg creatinine, respectively; P = .010). Next, we examined association of the severity of glaucoma and melatonin levels. In stratification analysis of the glaucoma groups, multivariable linear regression analyses adjusted for potential confounders indicated significantly lower UME by 0.30 log ng/mg creatinine in patients with functional severe glaucoma (visual field mean deviation ≤ −6 dB) compared with mild glaucoma (mean deviation > −6 dB; P = .040) and lower UME by 0.05 log ng/mg creatinine with each 10 μm thinning of the circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness as the index of structural severity of glaucoma (P = .011). In conclusion, significant association between glaucoma and lower urinary 6‐sulfatoxymelatonin was found. In addition, patients with functional and structural severe glaucoma were significantly associated with lower urinary 6‐sulfatoxymelatonin levels. Our results indicate the possibility of a circadian disruption in patients with glaucoma.
Dietary nitrate and presence of protozoa increase nitrate and nitrite reduction in the rumen of sheep
Authors: Villar María Laura , Hegarty Roger Stephen , Clay Jonathon William , Smith Katherine Anne , Godwin Ian Robert , Nolan John Vivian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractNitrate (

) supplementation is an effective methane (CH4) mitigation strategy for ruminants but may produce nitrite (

) toxicity. It has been reported that rumen protozoa have greater ability for

and

reduction than bacteria. It was hypothesised that the absence of ruminal protozoa in sheep may lead to higher

accumulation in the rumen and a higher blood methaemoglobin (MetHb) concentration. An in vivo experiment was conducted with defaunated (DEF) and faunated (FAU) sheep supplemented with 1.8%

in DM. The effects of rumen protozoa on concentrations of plasma and ruminal

and

, blood MetHb, ruminal volatile fatty acid (VFA) and ruminal ammonia (NH3) were investigated. Subsequently, two in vitro experiments were conducted to determine the contribution of protozoa to

and

reduction rates in DEF and FAU whole rumen digesta (WRD) and its liquid (LIQ) and solid (SOL) fractions, incubated alone (CON), with the addition of

or with the addition of

. The results from the in vivo experiment showed no differences in total VFA concentrations, although ruminal NH3 was greater (p < .01) in FAU sheep. Ruminal

,

and plasma

concentrations tended to increase (p < .10) 1.5 hr after feeding in FAU relative to DEF sheep. In vitro results showed that

reduction to NH3 was stimulated (p < .01) by incoming

in both DEF and FAU relative to CON digesta. However, adding

increased (p < .05) the rate of

accumulation in the SOL fraction of DEF relative to both fractions of FAU digesta. Results observed in vivo and in vitro suggest that

and

are more rapidly metabolised in the presence of rumen protozoa. Defaunated sheep may have an increased risk of

poisoning due to

accumulation in the rumen.