bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic regions associated with stripe rust resistance against the Egyptian race revealed by genome-wide association study
Authors: Mohamed Abou-Zeid A. , Mourad Amira M. I. 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Wheat stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. Tritici), is a major disease that causes huge yield damage. New pathogen races appeared in the last few years and caused a broke down in the resistant genotypes. In Egypt, some of the resistant genotypes began to be susceptible to stripe rust in recent years. This situation increases the need to produce new genotypes with durable resistance. Besides, looking for a new resistant source from the available wheat genotypes all over the world help in enhancing the breeding programs. Results: In the recent study, a set of 103-spring wheat genotypes from different fourteen countries were evaluated to their field resistant to stripe rust for two years. These genotypes included 17 Egyptian genotypes from the old and new cultivars. The 103-spring wheat genotypes were reported to be well adapted to the Egyptian environmental conditions. Out of the tested genotypes, eight genotypes from four different countries were found to be resistant in both years. Genotyping was carried out using genotyping-by-sequencing and a set of 26,703 SNPs were used in the genome-wide association study. Five SNP markers, located on chromosomes 2A and 4A, were found to be significantly associated with the resistance in both years. Three gene models associated with disease resistance and underlying these significant SNPs were identified. One immune Iranian genotype, with the highest number of different alleles from the most resistant Egyptian genotypes, was detected. Conclusion: the high variation among the tested genotypes in their resistance to the Egyptian stripe rust race confirming the possible improvement of stripe rust resistance in the Egyptian wheat genotypes. The identified five SNP markers are stable and could be used in marker-assisted selection after validation in different genetic backgrounds. Crossing between the immune Iranian genotype and the Egyptian genotypes will improve stripe rust resistance in Egypt.
Association between electronic cigarette use and tobacco cigarette smoking initiation in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: O'Brien Doireann , Long Jean , Quigley Joan , Lee Caitriona , McCarthy Anne , Kavanagh Paul 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Aim: This systematic review of prospective longitudinal primary studies aimed to explore whether electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use by adolescents who had never smoked conventional tobacco cigarettes (tobacco cigarettes) at baseline was associated with subsequent initiation of tobacco cigarette smoking. Methods: This study followed the principles of a systematic review and meta-analysis. A key word search identified peer-reviewed literature published between 1 January 2005 and 2 October 2019 from seven bibliographic databases and one search engine. Using predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria two authors independently screened abstracts, and subsequently, full text papers. Eligible papers were quality assessed by two authors. Data on population characteristics, exposure and outcome measures were extracted into an adapted Cochrane Data Extraction Form. Statistical analysis was preceded by a feasibility assessment, and included pairwise random effects meta-analyses, and sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Findings: From an initial 6,619 studies, 14 unique primary studies in 21 papers were identified. The studies’ populations ages ranged from 13 to 19 years at baseline and comprised teenagers based in Europe and North America. Nine of the 14 unique studies, with follow-up periods between 4 and 24 months, were eligible for inclusion in a meta-analysis of the association between ever use of e-cigarettes and subsequent initiation of tobacco cigarette use. Based on primary study adjusted odds ratios, our meta-analysis calculated a 4.06 (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.00-5.48) times higher odds of initiating tobacco cigarette smoking for those who had ever used e-cigarettes at baseline, although the odds ratio decreased marginally (to 3.71 times odds, 95%CI: 2.83-4. 86) when only the four high-quality studies were analysed. The initial meta-analysis model had a high statistical heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis restricted to high-quality studies had moderate heterogeneity.Conclusion: The systematic review found that e-cigarette use was associated with commencement of tobacco cigarette smoking among teenagers in Europe and North America, identifying an important public health harm. Given the widespread availability and use of e-cigarettes, this study further supports urgent action by policymakers to prevent their use by teenagers to reduce direct harms in this vulnerable population group, as well as to protect gains in reducing tobacco cigarette initiation.
Assessment of heterosis based on parental genetic distance estimated with SSR and SNP markers in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Geng Xiaoli , Qu Yujie , Jia Yinhua , He Shoupu , Pan Zhaoe , Wang Liru , Du Xiongming 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Heterosis has been extensively utilized in different crops and made a significant contribution to global food security. Genetic distance (GD) is one of the valuable criteria for selecting parents in hybrid breeding. The objectives of this study were to estimate the GD between parents using both simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and to investigate the efficiency of the prediction of hybrid performance based on GD. The experiment comprised of four male parents, 282 female parents and 1128 F1, derived from NCII mating scheme. The hybrids, their parents and two check cultivars were evaluated for two years. Performance of F1, mid-parent heterosis (MPH), and best parent heterosis (BPH) were evaluated for ten agronomic and fiber quality traits, including plant height, boll weight, boll number, lint percentage, fiber length, fiber strength, fiber uniformity, fiber elongation ratio, micronaire, and spinning consistent index. Results: Heterosis was observed in all hybrids and, the traits like plant height, boll number, boll weight and lint percentage exhibited higher heterosis than the fiber quality traits. Correlations were significant between parental and F1 performances. The F­1 performances between three hybrid sets (Elite×Elite, Exotic×Elite, and Historic×Elite) showed significant differences in eight traits, including boll number, lint percentage, fiber length, fiber strength, fiber uniformity, fiber elongation ratio, micronaire, and spinning consistent index. The correlation of the GD assessed by both SSR and SNP markers was significantly positive. The cluster analysis based on GD results estimated using SNP showed that all the female parents divided into five groups and the F1 performance between these five groups showed significant differences in four traits, including lint percentage, micronaire, fiber strength, and fiber elongation ratio. The correlation between GD and F1 performance, MPH and BPH were significant for lint percentage and micronaire. Conclusions: Our results suggested that GD between parents could be helpful in heterosis prediction for certain traits. This study reveals that molecular marker analysis can serve as a basis for assigning germplasm into heterotic groups and to provide guidelines for parental selection in hybrid cotton breeding.
Alteration of Transthyretin and Thyroxine-Binding Globulin in Major Depressive Disorder: Multiple Reaction Monitoring-Based Proteomic Analysis
Authors: Woo Hye In , Park Jisook , Lim Shinn-Won , Kim Doh Kwan , Lee Soo-Youn 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD), common mental disorder, lacks objective diagnostic and prognosis biomarkers. The objective of this study was to perform proteomic analysis to identify proteins with changed expression levels after antidepressant treatment and investigate differences in protein expression between MDD patients and healthy individuals.Methods: A total of 111 proteins obtained from literature review were subjected to multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-based protein quantitation. Finally, seven proteins were quantified for plasma specimens of 10 healthy controls and 78 MDD patients (those at baseline and at 6 weeks after antidepressant treatment of either selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or mirtazapine). Results: Among 78 MDD patients, 35 patients were treated with SSRIs and 43 patients were treated with mirtazapine. Nineteen (54.3%) and 16 (37.2%) patients responded to SSRIs and mirtazapine, respectively. Comparing MDD patients with healthy individuals, alteration of transthyretin was observed in MDD (p = 0.026). A few differences were observed in protein levels related to SSRIs treatment, although they were not statistically significant. Plasma thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) was different between before and after mirtazapine treatment only in responders (p = 0.007).Conclusions: In proteomic analysis of plasma specimens from MDD patients, transthyretin and TBG levels were altered in MDD and changed after antidepressant treatment.
Increased levels of YKL-40 in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Wanwan , Zhang Lingmin , Sheng Lingling , Zhang Zhencheng , Yang Zaixing 
Published: January 2021

Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) could be classified as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and others according to etiology and pathology. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious complications of DM. YKL-40 is a marker of inflammation and some studies have indicated that DM was related with inflammation. The objective of our study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to confirm the relationship between YKL-40 and DM as well as DN.Methods: Pubmed, Embase, CNKI and Chinese wanfang databases were searched for eligible studies by two independent authors. Studies were included in this meta-analysis if they fulfilled the following inclusion criteria: (1) a study involving the role of YKL-40 in DM (or DN) designed as a case-control study or cohort study; (2) the data of serum YKL-40 levels were available; (3) studies were published in English or Chinese. Finally, twenty-five studies were included in this meta-analysis.Results: Compared with healthy controls, DM patients had significantly higher levels of YKL-40 (DM: SMD=1.62, 95%CI, 1.08 to 2.25, P=0.000; GDM: SMD=2.85, 95%CI, 1.01 to 4.70, P=0.002). Additionally, DM patients with different degree of albuminuria had significantly higher levels of YKL-40 compared with healthy controls (normoalbuminuria: SMD=1.58, 95%CI, 0.59 to 2.56, P=0.002; microalbuminuria: SMD=2.57, 95%CI, 0.92 to 4.22, P=0.002; macroalbuminuria: SMD=2.69, 95%CI, 1.40 to 3.98, P=0.000) and serum YKL-40 levels increased with increasing severity of albuminuria among DM patients (microalbuminuria vs normoalbuminuria: SMD=1.49, 95%CI, 0.28 to 2.71, P=0.016; macroalbuminuria vs microalbuminuria: SMD=0.93, 95%CI, 0.34 to 1.52, P=0.002).Conclusions: Our current meta-analysis demonstrates that serum level of YKL-40 is increased in DM and positively associated with the severe degree of albuminuria. Therefore, we suggest that YKL-40 could be considered to be detected, along with other inflammatory markers, if DM, especially DN, is suspected.
Structure and Activity of Pentacyclic Triterpenes Codrugs. A Review
Authors: Żwawiak Justyna , Pawełczyk Anna , Olender Dorota , Zaprutko Lucjusz 
Published: January 2021

:
Triterpenes are a wide and important group of compounds that have several promising pharmacological
properties, such as hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-HIV, antioxidant, or anticancer activities. Such potent
substances can be successfully incorporated in more complex chemical systems e.g. codrugs or pro-drugs that have better
pharmacological profile. The codrug is connected with a drug formation pathway to chemically cohere at least two drug
molecules to improve positive therapeutic efficiency or decrease side effects. The codrug can be cleaved in the organism to
generate effective compounds previously used as substrates. This article presents an overview of codrugs that consist of
pentacyclic triterpene moiety that is chosen as a basic codrug moiety due to their wide range of vital activities and another
drug molecule fragment. It was found that triterpenoid codrugs are characterized by a wide range of biological activities.
However, most of them have anticancer potency.
Risk Factors for the Pap Test Cytological Changes in Iran: A Multicenter
Case-Control Study
Authors: Khatiban Mahnaz , Sangestani Gita , Greco Pantaleo , Soltanian Ali Reza 
Published: January 2021

Background:
Pap tests can detect changes inside the cells of the cervix before cancer develops.

Objective:
To compare the risk factors and determinants for abnormal cytological changes in Pap
test results among women with and without atypical cytological findings in their Pap test, and to determine
the clinical manifestations associated with those changes.

Methods:
A multicenter case-control study was conducted in four clinics of gynecology and oncology
in Iran. Of a total of 201 women with a result of Pap smear, 51 were cases (atypical cytological
findings) and 150 women were control (benign/reactive changes). The data was collected by a
researcher-designed tool through the interview, observing medical records and clinical examinations.

Results:
According to the logistic regression, the women’s age (OR= 1.08), age at the menarche
(OR= 0.75), number of deliveries (OR= 1.44), and BMI (OR= 2.60) are the determinants of the
Pap test cytological changes in Iran. Taking hormonal contraceptives, using IUD, sexual activity,
and having a family history of cancer are not determinants (p>0.05). The clinical manifestations as
having an unhealthy cervix, painful sex, low abdominal pain, pelvic pain, and low back pain were
significantly higher (P< .001) in the case group than those of the control group.

Conclusion:
The Pap test cytological changes in Iranian women are associated with age, age at the
menarche, number of deliveries, and BMI. This information can help healthcare providers to predict
their patients' health situation for taking a suitable and quick action.
The Appleization of finance: Charting incumbent finance's embrace of FinTech
Authors: Hendrikse Reijer , Bassens David , van Meeteren Michiel 
Published: January 2021

AbstractThe rise of financial technology (FinTech) engenders novel business models through integrating financial services and information and communication technologies (ICT). Digital currencies and payments, data mining, and other FinTech applications threaten to radically overhaul the financial sector. This article argues that, while we are becoming aware of how technology giants such as Apple Inc. are making inroads into financial services, we need to become more sensitive to how financial incumbents mimick ICT firms while aiming to neutralize the FinTech challenge. Practices from Silicon Valley are spilling over into ‘traditional’ finance through a process we dub Appleization. We illustrate how incumbents aim to remain indispensable amidst rapid digitization. Mimicking tech strategies, financial incumbents resort to transforming legacy ICT systems into integrated platforms, cultivating entrepreneurial ecosystems where startups are ‘free’ to compete whilst effectively being locked into the incumbent's orbit. We illustrate this by comparing Apple's business features (locking-in developers, customers and state into a hybrid business model based on a synergy between hardware, software and data-driven platform components) with emerging practices in the financial industry. Our analogy suggests that the Appleization of finance might radically transform, yet not undercut the oligopolistic position of financial incumbents.
Implementasi Kebijakan Publik Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Pengelolaan Sampah Bagi Aparatur Kelurahan Cikutra
Authors: Widiastuti Ika 
Published: January 2021

Pengelolaan sampah di Kelurahan Cikutra Kecamatan Cibeunying Kidul mengalami banyak permasalahan. Salah satu diantaranya adalah tidak adanya jadwal dalam pengangkutan sampah. Hal ini akan mengakibatkan penimbunan sampah. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, diperlukan adanya implementasi kebijakan yaitu dengan diadakan Pendidikan dan pelatihan bagi aparatur Kelurahan Cikutra Kecamatan Cibeunying Kidul Kota Bandung. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk dapat mengetahui dan memahami konsep dan teori mengenai implementasi kebijakan publik serta konsep pendidikan dan pelatihan dalam pengelolaan sampah bagi aparatur Kelurahan Cikutra Kecamatan Cibeunying Kidul Kota Bandung. Metode penulisan ini adalah kajian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan eksploratif. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa : Ada tiga unsur penting dalam proses implementasi, yaitu: (1) Adanya program atau kebijakan yang dilaksanakan. (2) Target group, kelompok masyarakat yang menjadi sasaran, dan diharapkan akan menerima manfaat dari program tersebut. (3) Unsur pelaksana (implementasi).
INFLUÊNCIA DO ZUMBIDO NO BEM-ESTAR DE IDOSOS
Authors: Von Saltiél Débora Ruttke , Ribeiro Teixeira Adriane , Dornelles Sílvia , Gonçalves Andréa Kruger , Levy Deborah Salle , Freitas Cintia De la Rocha 
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a opinião de idosos sobre a influência do zumbido no bem-estar. Foram entrevistados 11 idosos, sendo 7 institucionalizados e 4, não institucionalizados. As idades variaram entre 60 e 95 anos. Eles responderam a uma entrevista semiestruturada elaborada para este estudo. A avaliação qualitativa dos dados foi feita de acordo com os pressupostos de Giorgi (1978). Verificou-se que os idosos institucionalizados e não institucionalizados consideraram que o zumbido interfere no bem-estar. palavras-chave Zumbido. Idosos. Qualidade de Vida. abstract The aim of this study was to assess the opinion of the elderly on the influence of tinnitus in the welfare. Eleven elderly were interviewed, 7 were institutionalized and 4 were not. Their ages ranged from 60 to 95 years old. The elderly answered to a semistrutured interview. Qualitative evaluation of the data was done according to the assumptions of Giorgi (1978). It was found that the majority of the elderly considered that tinnitus has a negative influence on welfare. Keywords Tinnitus. Aging. Quality of Life.
TRABALHO, APOSENTADORIA E LAZER COMO HABITUS SEGUNDO IDOSOS QUE FREQUENTAM BARES
Authors: Faleiros Vicente De Paula , Silva Simone Fontenelle da 
Published: January 2021

Introdução.Este estudo de natureza qualitativa, tem como objetivo identificar em Palmas-TO, as expressões de idosos beneficiários de aposentadoria ou beneficio assistencial e frequentadores de bares sobre a relação entre trabalho, aposentadoria e lazer. A fundamentação da pesquisa busca a compreensão da articulação entre continuidade, ruptura e habitus nas trajetórias de vida dos idosos e sua relação com o trabalho, a sociedade, a família e a cultura, levando em conta as teorias sociológicas do envelhecimento e as teorias do habitus de Pierre Bourdieu. Metodologia. A metodologia da pesquisa é qualitativa, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, realizada por meio de entrevista estruturada aplicada a seis idosos do sexo masculino com idades de 65 a 73 anos, selecionados por amostragem de conveniência. Resultados e análise. Os dados trazem o perfil dos idosos com baixa escolaridade e renda e diversidade de convivência familiar. As expressões da relação entre aposentadoria, trabalho e lazer apontam para uma visão da frequência a bares como uma diversão e uma relação de trocas sociais que mudou muito após aposentadoria para uma parte dos idosos e não mudou para outra, não havendo contradição com o mundo do trabalho e nem com a família. Os habitus dos idosos têm continuidade, mas a aposentadoria configura novas relações com amigos e com netos, no tempo livre. Poucas sugestões foram apresentadas para lazer no contexto da cidade. Este está relacionado com a indústria capitalista do entretenimento, mas deve ser objeto de políticas públicas.Palavras-chave: Idosos;habitus; aposentadoria; lazer; trabalho.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE VIDA: comparação entre idosos não institucionalizados participantes de um centro de convivência e idosos institucionalizados em Ji-Paraná/RO
Authors: Dagios Paulo , Vasconcellos Cidia , Evangelista Dilson Henrique Ramos 
Published: January 2021

Os idosos no Brasil representam uma população significativa em números, com tendência a aumentar nas próximas décadas. Com isso, surge a preocupação com a qualidade de vida desta população. Assim, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a qualidade de vida de idosos não institucionalizados, participantes de um centro de convivência e de idosos institucionalizados, comparando os resultados entre os dois grupos. Para a coleta de dados foram utilizados dois instrumentos de avaliação da qualidade de vida da OMS, o WHOQOL-OLD e o WHOQOL-bref. Estes foram aplicados a 100 idosos de um centro de convivência e a 36 idosos residentes em uma instituição de longa permanência, sendo os dois grupos de Ji-Paraná/RO. Utilizou-se o software SPSS for Windows versão 20.0 para análise dos dados e as variáveis do estudo receberam tratamento estatístico descritivo. Também, foram realizados testes de inferência estatística para verificar possíveis associações entre as variáveis. Para as análises inferenciais foi utilizado o nível de significância α =1%. Os resultados demonstraram relevância significativa na comparação entre os grupos. Os idosos institucionalizados apresentaram grau de satisfação inferior ao dos idosos que participam do grupo de convivência em todos os domínios e nos dois instrumentos utilizados. Por isso, é necessária a atenção urgente aos idosos institucionalizados, é preciso buscar formas de inseri-los no convívio social e sempre que possível, criar condições para que os mesmos possam manter vínculos com seus familiares.
PREVALÊNCIA DA DISFUNÇÃO TEMPOROMANDIBULAR EM IDOSOS NÃO INSTITUCIONALIZADOS
Authors: Cavalcanti Maria Oliveira Alves , Lima Cacilda Moraes Chaves , Lima Júlia Magalhães Costa , Gomes Irênio , Goldim José Roberto 
Published: January 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência da Disfunção Temporomandibular em idosos não institucionalizados. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal, desenvolvido com idosos não institucionalizados, com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, cadastrados no Programa da Saúde da Família do Município de Areia/ Paraíba-Brasil, no período de janeiro a junho de 2013. Utilizou-se como instrumento de coleta o Índice Anamnésico de Fonseca (DMF). Resultados: A prevalência de DTM no grupo estudado foi de 46,5%. A maioria dos idosos era do gênero feminino (63,0%), faixa etária entre 60 e 69 anos (46,3%), casados (53,6%), analfabetos (59,7%), aposentados (87,6%) e com renda de até um salário mínimo (86,3%). Verificou-se associação significativa entre a prevalência da DTM e as variáveis: genêro, escolaridade e renda. A DTM foi mais prevalente no genêro feminino (49,%), entre os analfabetos(49,9%) e entre aqueles que tinham renda até um salário mínimo(49,1%). Quanto ao grau de severidade da disfunção destacou-se a DTM leve, verificando-se associação significativa com estado civil (p=0,011) e com a renda (p=0,036. Conclusão: Pode-se verificar que, nos idosos estudados, a prevalência de DTM foi de 46,5%,com predominância do grau de severidade leve, atingindo com mais frequência as mulheres.