bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attenuation of LPS-induced acute lung injury by continentalic acid in rodents through inhibition of inflammatory mediators correlates with increased Nrf2 protein expression
Authors: Ali Hassan , Khan Ashrafullah , Ali Jawad , Ullah Hadayat , Khan Adnan , Ali Hussain , Irshad Nadeem , Khan Salman 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Acute lung injury (ALI) together with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are associated with high rate of mortality and morbidity in patients. In the current study, the anti-inflammatory effects of continentalic acid (CNT) in LPS-induced acute lung injury model was explored.

Methods
The acute lung injury model was established by administering LPS (5 mg/kg) intraperitonealy. Following LPS administration, the survival rate, temperature changes and lung Wet/Dry ratio were assessed. The antioxidants (GSH, GST, Catalase and SOD) and oxidative stress markers (MDA, NO, MPO) were evaluated in all the treated groups. Similarly, the cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were analyzed using ELISA assay. The histological changes were determined using H and E staining, while Nrf2 and iNOS level were determined using immunohistochemistry analysis. The molecular docking analysis was performed to assess the pharmacokinetics parameters and interaction of the CNT with various protein targets.

Results
The results showed that CNT dose dependently (10, 50 and 100 mg/kg) reduced mortality rate, body temperature and lungs Wet/Dry ratio. CNT post-treatment significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. The CNT post-treatment markedly improved the hematological parameters, while significantly reduced the MPO (indicator of the neutrophilic infiltration) activity compared to the LPS treated group. Furthermore, the CNT (100 mg/kg) post-administration remarkably inhibited the lung Wet/Dry ratio. The CNT (100 mg/kg) treated group showed marked reduction in the oxidative stress markers such as malonaldehyde (MDA) and Nitric oxide (NO) concentration, while induced the level of the anti-oxidant enzymes such as GST, GSH, Catalase and SOD. Similarly, the CNT markedly reduced the iNOS expression level, while induced the Nrf2 protein expression. Additionally, the molecular docking study showed significant binding interaction with the Nrf2, p65, Keap1, HO-1, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and COX-2, while exhibited excellent physicochemical properties.

Conclusion
The CNT showed marked protection against the LPS-induced lung injury and improved the behavioral, biochemical and histological parameters. Furthermore, the CNT showed significant interaction with several protein targets and exhibited better physicochemical properties.
Consolidative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: who? When? Why?
Authors: Jiang Huiwen , Hu Yu , Mei Heng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAlthough anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy shows good efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (r/r B-ALL), it fails to improve long-term leukemia-free survival (LFS). Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) after CAR T-cell therapy has emerged as a promising strategy to prolong LFS. Nevertheless, which patients are likely to benefit from consolidative allo-HSCT, as well as the optimal therapeutic window, remain to be explored. Recent clinical data indicate that patients with complex karyotypes, adverse genes, and high pre-infusion minimal residual disease (MRD) by flow cytometry in the bone marrow, were at high risk of relapse after CAR T-cell therapy. High pre-lymphodepletion lactate dehydrogenase, low pre-lymphodepletion platelet count, absence of fludarabine in lymphodepletion, persistent leukemic sequence by high throughput sequencing in bone marrow after CAR T-cell infusion, and early loss of CAR T cells have also been linked to relapse after CAR T-cell therapy. In patients having these risk factors, consolidative allo-HSCT after CAR T-cell therapy may prolong LFS. Allo-HSCT provides optimal clinical benefit in patients with MRD-negative complete remission, typically within three months after CAR T-cell therapy. Herein, we summarize the clinical data on consolidative allo-HSCT after anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy, as well as the potential factors associated with allo-HSCT benefit. We also discuss the optimal therapeutic window and regimen of consolidative allo-HSCT. Finally, and most importantly, we provide recommendations for the assessment and management of r/r B-ALL patients undergoing anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy.
A case of recurrent malignant phyllodes tumor undergoing nipple-sparing mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction
Authors: Morioka Emi , Noguchi Masakuni , Noguchi Miki , Inokuchi Masafumi , Shimada Ken-ichi , Shioya Akihiro , Aikawa Akane , Minato Hiroshi , Earashi Mitsuharu 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Although the primary treatment for malignant phyllodes tumor (PT) is complete surgical excision with either breast-conserving surgery or total mastectomy, recent technical advances have led to the adoption of nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with immediate breast reconstruction (IBR).

Case presentation
A 28-year-old woman noticed a mass in her left breast that was rapidly increasing in size. She underwent tumor excision and a histological diagnosis of marked degenerative and necrotic induration suggested benign PT. One year later, however, she was found to have recurrent masses in the left breast on follow-up mammography and sonography. Needle biopsy was performed and the tumor was diagnosed as borderline or malignant PT. She underwent NSM and sentinel lymph-node biopsy with IBR using a tissue expander. Histological examination of the mastectomy specimen showed multiple fibroepithelial tumors with marked stromal overgrowth, focal necrosis, and hemorrhage. Stromal cells showed pleomorphism and a maximal mitotic rate of approximately 25 per 10 high-power fields. The tumor was diagnosed as malignant PT. She did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation treatment. At 3-year follow-up, the patient remains free of disease and highly satisfied with the cosmetic results.

Conclusions
NSM with IBR is not a contraindication for malignant PT. It is both curative and can offer an appealing cosmetic option for localized malignant PT.
A predictable smoothing evolution model for computer-controlled polishing
Authors: Hou Jing , Lei Pengli , Liu Shiwei , Chen Xianhua , Wang Jian , Deng Wenhui , Zhong Bo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractQuantitative prediction of the smoothing of mid-spatial frequency errors (MSFE) is urgently needed to realize process guidance for computer controlled optical surfacing (CCOS) rather than a qualitative analysis of the processing results. Consequently, a predictable time-dependent model combining process parameters and an error decreasing factor (EDF) were presented in this paper. The basic smoothing theory, solution method and modification of this model were expounded separately and verified by experiments. The experimental results show that the theoretical predicted curve agrees well with the actual smoothing effect. The smoothing evolution model provides certain theoretical support and guidance for the quantitative prediction and parameter selection of the smoothing of MSFE.
Palaeogeographic reconstruction of a fluvio-marine transitional system in Narmada rift basin, India — Implications on Late Cretaceous global sea-level rise
Authors: Bhattacharya Biplab , Jha Suparna , Mondal Prantik 
Published: November 2020

AbstractRising sea-levels in tectonically active epicontinental basins often lead to varied depositional settings and palaeogeography, mostly influenced by the net accommodation resulting from mutual interference of the extent and nature of landward encroachment by the sea and the net sedimentation. The Cenomanian Nimar Sandstone Formation, Bagh Group, Narmada rift basin, uniquely portrays the effect of sea-level rise within an intra-cratonic setting and attributes to the corresponding palaeogeographic changes in west-central India. An integrated sedimentological–sequence-stratigraphic study of the broadly fining-upward Nimar Sandstone Formation (thickness ~ 20–30 m) depicts the actual nature of changeover from a fluvial to a marine-dominated transitional depositional setting. Detailed sedimentological study reveals total seventeen facies, grouped in five facies associations, viz., the channel-fill facies association (FA-1), the overbank facies association (FA-2), the fluvial-dominated fluvio-tidal facies association (FA-3), the tide-dominated fluvio-tidal facies association (FA-4), and the shoreface facies association (FA-5). Overall facies architecture indicates a west-to-eastward marine encroachment, resulting in stacking of three distinct palaeo-depositional conditions: (i) an initial fluvial system with channel and overbank, changing into a tide-influenced fluvial bay-head delta in the inner estuary, followed by (ii) marine encroachment leading to a tide-dominated central estuary with inter- to sub-tidal settings, and finally, (iii) with further intense marine encroachments, a wave-reworked open shore condition in the outer estuary zone. The overall fining-up succession with a systematic change from fluvial to marine-dominated depositional systems points to a landward shift of the shoreline, signifying a major transgressive event correlated to the Cenomanian global sea-level rise. Characteristic stratal stacking patterns point to four coarsening- and fining-up hemicycles, embedded within the major transgressive succession. These high-frequency cycles attest to the varied interplay of sedimentation, tectonics and sea-level changes, and the resultant net accommodations. A palaeogeographic model is proposed based on the high-frequency transgressive–regressive hemicycles, which envisages the evolution of the depositional environments in relation to the Cenomanian eustatic rise in the intra-cratonic riftogenic fluvio-marine transitional basinal setup.
Culture, eating behavior, and infectious disease control and prevention
Authors: Zhou Mingzhu , Zhang Na , Zhang Man , Ma Guansheng 
Published: November 2020

AbstractHumans need to obtain nutrients from foods for survival and health. Culture and belief play important roles in food selection and intake. Throughout human history, dietary factor has been one of the important factors inducing and causing outbreaks of infectious diseases. If unhealthy eating behavior, like eating raw/undercooked food or meat and products from wild animals, are not abandoned, foodborne infectious diseases will remain an important risk factor of outbreaks and epidemics. The misconception of dietary culture is one of the important factors that triggers unhealthy eating behavior. Therefore, it is vital to change people’s conceptions and knowledge about what is healthy to eat, in order to completely eliminate unhealthy eating behavior and prevent the recurrence of foodborne infectious diseases. Meanwhile, many factors such as family, society, region, and religion should be involved in.
Factors explaining variation in recommended care pathways following hospital-presenting self-harm: a multilevel national registry study
Authors: Griffin Eve , Gunnell David , Corcoran Paul 
Published: November 2020

Background
People who present to hospital following self-harm are at high risk of suicide. Despite this, there are considerable variations in the management of this group across hospitals and the factors influencing such variations are not well understood.

Aims
The aim of this study was to identify the specific hospital and individual factors associated with care pathways following hospital-presenting self-harm.

Method
Data on presentations to hospitals by those aged 18 years and over were obtained from the National Self-Harm Registry Ireland for 2017 and 2018. Factors associated with four common outcomes following self-harm (self-discharge, medical and psychiatric admission and psychosocial assessment before discharge) were examined using multilevel Poisson regression models.

Results
Care pathways following self-harm varied across hospitals and were influenced by both hospital and individual factors. Individual factors were primarily associated with self-discharge (including male gender, younger age and alcohol involvement), medical admission (older age, drug overdose as a sole method and ambulance presentations) and psychiatric admission (male gender, methods associated with greater lethality and older age). The hospital admission rate for self-harm was the only factor associated with all outcomes examined. The availability of psychiatric in-patient facilities and specialist mental health staff contributed to variation in psychiatric admissions and psychosocial assessments prior to discharge. Hospital factors explained the majority of observed variation in the provision of psychosocial assessments.

Conclusions
Characteristics of the presenting hospital and hospital admission rates influence the recommended care pathways following self-harm. Provision of onsite mental health facilities and specialist mental health staff has a strong impact on psychiatric care of these patients.
Osteoporosis and the Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Nationwide, Propensity Score–Matched, Longitudinal Follow-up Study
Authors: Feng Shih-Hao , Huang Ya-Ping , Yeh Kuo-Cheng , Pan Shin-Liang 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Context
Osteoporosis and Parkinson’s disease (PD) often co-occur, and even patients with early-stage PD may have reduced bone-mineral density levels. This may imply that osteoporosis is associated with a higher risk of PD.

Objectives
This work aimed to determine whether patients with osteoporosis are at a higher risk of subsequently developing PD.

Design and Setting
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database.

Participants
A total of 23 495 individuals age 50 to 80 years who had osteoporosis between 2002 and 2006 were enrolled in the osteoporosis group. The comparison group comprised 23 495 propensity score–matched patients without osteoporosis. Their propensity scores were computed using a logistic regression model that included age, sex, comorbid conditions, and socioeconomic status.

Results
The hazard ratio (HR) of PD for the osteoporosis group was 1.31 times larger than that of the comparison group (95% CI, 1.13-1.50, P &lt; .001). The PD-free survival rate of the osteoporosis group was also significantly lower than that of the comparison group (P &lt; .001). The analyses stratified by sex showed that women with osteoporosis appeared to have a higher magnitude of PD HR (HR 1.50; 95% CI, 1.27-1.77, P &lt; .001) than their male counterparts (HR 1.23; 95% CI, 0.93-1.64, P = .15).

Conclusions
The present study’s results suggest that osteoporosis is related to an increased risk of PD, especially among women.
Increased chemokines levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: correlation with quantitative computed tomography metrics
Authors: Hao Wendong , Li Manxiang , Pang Yamei , Du Weiping , Huang Xiaoqi 
Published: November 2020

Objective:
We sought to explore the relationships between multiple chemokines with spirometry, inflammatory mediators and CT findings of emphysema, small airways disease and bronchial wall thickness.

Methods:
All patients with COPD (n = 65) and healthy control subjects (n = 23) underwent high-resolution CT, with image analysis determining the low attenuation area (LAA), ratio of mean lung attenuation on expiratory and inspiratory scans (E/I MLD) and bronchial wall thickness of inner perimeter of a 10-mm diameter airway (Pi10). At enrollment, subjects underwent pulmonary function studies, chemokines and inflammatory mediators measurements.

Results:
Multiple chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CX3CL1, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11 and CXCL12) and inflammatory mediators (MMP-9, MMP-12, IL-18 and neutrophil count) were markedly increased in the serum of COPD patients compared with healthy controls. There were associations between small airway disease (E/I MLD) and CCL11, CXCL8, CXCL10, CXCL11, CXCL12 and CX3CL1. Especially CXCL8 and CX3CL1 are strongly associated with E/I MLD (r = 0.74, p &lt; 0.001; r = 0.76, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). CXCL8, CXCL12 and CX3CL1 were moderately positively correlated with emphysema (%LAA) (r = 0.49, p &lt; 0.05; r = 0.51, p &lt; 0.05; r = 0.54, p &lt; 0.01, respectively). Bronchial wall thickness (Pi10）showed no significant differences between the COPD and healthy controls,，but there was an association between Pi10 and FEV1% in COPD patients (r=−0.420, p = 0.048). Our statistical results showed that there were not any associations between airway wall thickness (Pi10) and chemokines.

Conclusion:
Pulmonary chemokines levels are closely associated with the extent of gas trapping, small airways disease and emphysema identified on high-resolution chest CT scan.

Advances in knowledge:
This study combines quantitative CT analysis with multiplex chemokines and inflammatory mediators to identify a new role of pathological changes in COPD.
A review of staging chest CT in trunk and extremity soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Saifuddin Asif , Shafiq Hassan , Rajakulasingam Ramanan , Tan Alan , O’Donnell Paul , Khoo Michael 
Published: November 2020

Objectives:
To determine the incidence of pulmonary metastases on chest CT in trunk and extremity soft tissue sarcoma based on two size criteria, and to identify factors associated with metastases.

Methods:
Retrospective review of chest CT studies in patients with trunk and extremity soft tissue sarcoma over an 18-month period. Data collected included patient age/sex, tumour location, size and relationship to fascia. All chest CTs were reviewed for the presence of metastases which were diagnosed according to two size criteria: multiple nodules &gt; 5 mm in size or multiple nodules &gt; 10 mm in size. Follow-up CT studies were reviewed in cases initially considered indeterminate.

Results:
127 males and 73 females were included (mean age 57.1 years; range 10–90 years). 147 (73.5%) tumours were deep to the fascia and 53 (26.5%) superficial. Tumour size classified according to the 12 AJCC 2019 criteria was: T1 = 52, T2 = 76, T3 = 39, T4 = 33. Based on nodule size &gt;5 mm, 73 (36.5%) patients had no metastases, 42 (21%) had metastases, while 85 (42.5%) studies were indeterminate. Based on nodule size &gt;10 mm, 73 (36.5%) patients had no metastases, 28 (14%) had metastases, while 99 (49.5%) studies were indeterminate. Larger maximum dimension of the primary tumour was a risk factor for pulmonary metastases using both size criteria.

Conclusion:
The incidence of pulmonary metastases at presentation in trunk and extremity soft tissue sarcoma is 14–21%. 42.5–49.5% of chest CTs were indeterminate.

Advances in knowledge:
The incidence of pulmonary metastases at presentation in trunk and extremity soft tissue sarcoma is 14–21%. Indeterminate pulmonary nodules are also very common.
Nowe stanowisko Plantago maritima (Plantaginaceae) w Wielkopolsce
Authors: Czarna Aneta 
Published: November 2020

Plantago maritima is obligatory halophyte vulnerable (VU) in Poland. The new local population was found on 20 August 2013. It was located on a roadside about 4 km from Nowogród Bobrzański, beside the road to Zielona Góra. It was composed of two flowering clumps, which fruited later (22 October 2013).
THE STUDY OF UNEVEN DEVELOPMENT OF THE UDDER QUARTERS OF THE ANIMAL
Authors: Kashapov Il'dar , Ziganshin Bulat , Tsoy Yuriy , Lukmanov Ruslan , Fokin Aleksandr 
Published: November 2020

Increasing the economic efficiency of machine milking is possible by using high-performance, partially and (or) fully automated milking units using advanced milking technologies. When milking animals with traditional milking machines, turning off the milking cups occurs simultaneously, without taking into account the uneven development of the udder quarters, this can eventually lead to dry milking of the udder quarters, which is fraught with consequences. To substantiate this issue, an analysis was made of the work of DeLaval milking robot in Timershik farm of Saba LLC in the Sabinsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan.
The results of the study of uneven development of cow udder shares based on the processing of the data obtained showed that a large number of animals in the herd have uneven development of udder quarters, but they are superior in productivity to other cows and culling of these animals due to uneven development of udder quarters is excluded.
In this connection, the method proposed by Safiullin N.A. for assessing the uniformity of development of udder quarters is considered, which consists in the following: after determining the number of milk yields by quarters, the coefficient of variation is calculated and the indicators of uniformity of development of quarters are calculated. In our opinion, this method of analysis is more effective. We also analyzed the milk yield curves for udder quarters and proposed a scheme of integral milk yield curves. The obtained curves once again prove that milk production in animals by udder shares does not end in the same way.
Based on the data obtained, it can be stated that the development of a domestic automated milking machine with a quarter-turn shutdown of milking cups is an urgent task today.
The obtained data are necessary for the development of a domestic automated milking machine with a quarter-turn shutdown of milking cups
ESTIMATION OF THE TIME SINCE DEATH BY USING THE POLARIZATION MULLER-MATRIX MICROSCOPY OF BIOLOGICAL TISSUE IN CASES OF ALCOHOL AND CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING
Authors: Ivaskevich Ihor , Vanchuliak Oleh , Bachynskіy Viktor , Yurniuk Sviatoslava 
Published: November 2020

Introduction: This paper aims to investigate and substantiate the information capabilities of the objective method of azimuthal-invariant polarization Müller-matrix microscopy of histological sections of biological tissues (BT) in the diagnosis of time since death (TSD) in alcohol and monoxide poisoning.
Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of the azimuthal-invariant Muller-matrix polarimetry technique of the polycrystalline constituent of BT and human body fluids in determining the TSD in cases of alcohol and carbon monoxide poisoning.
Results: A comprehensive experimental study of the diagnostic efficiency of the azimuthal-invariant Muller-matrix polarimetric microscopy of the polycrystalline component of histological sections of the brain, myocardium, adrenal glands, liver, and polycrystalline blood films from dead persons for the diagnosis of TSD in cases of alcohol and carbon monoxide poisoning.A sensitivity range of 24 hours was determined using the method of the azimuthal-invariant Muller-matrix polarimetric microscopy of the polycrystalline component of histological sections of the myocardium for the diagnosis of TSD in cases of alcohol and carbon monoxide poisoning.
Conclusion: The results showed the effectiveness of the studied methodology and the prospect of further research in this direction.