bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radość w nabożeństwie drogi krzyżowej w kontekście przemian językowych i kulturowych
Authors: Sieradzka-Mruk Agnieszka 
Published: March 2020

Radość joy in devotion of Stations of the Cross in the context of changes of language and cultureThe article presents the specificity of the image of joy in the discourse of Catholic devotion of the so-called Way of the Cross Stations of the Cross and changes of conceptualization of this emotion that occurred in the twentieth century. The study uses elements of methodology of the lexical-semantic field. The analysis is based on about 100 Polish texts used in the Way of the Cross published during the first half of the twentieth century and 100 contemporary texts of devotional practice after the II Vatican Council. The study is an attempt to explain why some words are replaced by others, for example what are the reasons for a frequent use of the word przyjemność pleasure instead of the word rozkosz delight. It highlights the emergence of new lexemes in the discourse, such as optymizm optimism, satysfakcja satisfaction. It also shows changes in the frequency of occurrence of different subcategories of joy, for example disappearance of the model of sacrificial joy and appearance of the joy of the Resurrection.
Jednostki organizacyjne urzędów celno-skarbowych w zakresie przeciwdziałania organizacji nielegalnych gier hazardowych na automatach
Authors: Politowicz Jerzy 
Published: March 2020

Organizację gier hazardowych na automatach polski ustawodawca poddał szczególnie rygorystycznym ograniczeniom. Kontrola tego obszaru powierzona została organom Krajowej Administracji Skarbowej i działającym w jej strukturach organom celno-skarbowym. Z kolei organy celno-skarbowe realizują swoje zadania dzięki podległym sobie urzędom. Struktura organizacyjna tych urzędów została uregulowana prawnie. W urzędach utworzono piony, w ramach których funkcjonują poszczególne komórki organizacyjne, realizujące ściśle określony zakres zadań. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest próba odpowiedzi na pytanie: jakim komórkom organizacyjnym urzędów celno-skarbowych powierzone zostało zadanie przeciwdziałania nielegalnej organizacji gier hazardowych na automatach, a także w jakim zakresie? Literatura przedmiotu dowodzi, że podobnego zadania nikt jeszcze się nie podjął. Niniejszy artykuł może zatem przyczynić się do wypełnienia luki w tym obszarze prawa finansowego. Organizational units of customs and tax offices in the field of illegal games on gambling machinesThe organization of gambling on machines has been subject to particularly rigorous restrictions by the Polish legislator. The control of this area was entrusted to the bodies of the National Tax Administration and the customs and tax authorities operating within its structures. In turn, customs and tax authorities carry out their tasks with the help of subordinate offices. The organizational structure of these offices has been regulated by law. In offices, divisions have been created within which individual organizational units, fulfilling a well-defined scope of tasks, function. The purpose of this article is an attempt to answer the question: what organizational cells of customs and tax offices have been entrusted with the task of counteracting the illegal organization of gambling on machines and to what extent? The literature of the subject proves that no one has yet undertaken a similar task. This article can therefore contribute to filling the gap in this area of financial law.
Wpływ antropologii na naukę prawa
Authors: Daniel Katarzyna 
Published: March 2020

Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia wpływ antropologii na naukę prawa, która jest dyscypliną podlegającą stałym przemianom. Zdefiniowane zostały kluczowe takie pojęcia, jak: nauka, szkoła naukowa, antropologia. Przedstawiono ewolucję powstania antropologii oraz jej kształtowanie się w Polsce w ciągu lat. W tym celu powołano się na trzy najważniejsze nurty uprawiania antropologii, a mianowicie szkoły lwowską, krakowską i paryską. Antropologia jest powiązana z wieloma dziedzinami nauki, a od lat czterdziestych–pięćdziesiątych zaczęto również łączyć ją z prawem. Co prawda antropologia prawna jest stosunkowo nową dyscypliną, lecz nie należy bagatelizować jej znaczenia w nauce prawa. The influence of anthropology on the science of lawThis article concerns the influence of anthropology on the science of law, which is a discipline subject to constant change. Key terms such as: science, science school, anthropology have been defined. The evolution of the formation of anthropology and its formation in Poland over the years has been presented. To this end, the three most important trends of practicing anthropology were referred to, namely the Lviv, Krakow and Paris schools. Anthropology is associated with many fields of science, and from the 1940s and 1950s it was also connected with the law. Although legal anthropology is a relatively new discipline, one should not underestimate its importance in learning the law.
Pracownicze Plany Kapitałowe jako przykład zastosowania ekonomii behawioralnej
Authors: Kolek Antoni , Sobolewski Oskar 
Published: March 2020

Zmiany wprowadzane w obszarze długoterminowego oszczędzania w Polsce mają na celu stworzenie dodatkowych zasobów finansowych niezbędnych do pokrycia przyszłych potrzeb i zobowiązań. Funkcjonujące dotychczas produkty emerytalne wchodzące w skład III filaru systemu emerytalnego nie zyskały powszechności i nie zapewniają wystarczających środków na przyszłe świadczenia emerytalne. W celu przeciwdziałania dotychczasowym barierom rozwoju produktów długoterminowego oszczędzania zastosowano wiele rozwiązań wspierających wysoki poziom uczestnictwa w dobrowolnym, dodatkowym oszczędzaniu. Fundamentem aksjologicznym podjętych działań stało się pojęcie wolności, a teorią wyjaśniającą zachowania jednostek ekonomia behawioralna. W niniejszym opracowaniu przedstawiono mechanizmy zaczerpnięte z dorobku ekonomii behawioralnej, które zapisane zostały w ustawie z dnia 4 października 2018 roku o pracowniczych planach kapitałowych oraz aktach niższego rzędu konstytuujących system PPK w Polsce. W pierwszej części pracy przedstawione zostały przyczyny wprowadzenia nowego rozwiązania długoterminowego oszczędzania. W drugiej części pracy wskazano praktyczne zastosowania ekonomii behawioralnej wykorzystane w konstrukcji PPK. Pracę wieńczy krytyczne podsumowanie, wskazujące wyzwania i problemy, które mogą stanowić bariery w upowszechnieniu się tej formy oszczędzania. Employee Capital Plans as an example of behavioral economy implementationThe changes introduced in the area of long-term savings in Poland are aimed at creating additional financial resources necessary to cover future needs and obligations. Previously functioning pension products included in the third pillar of the pension system have not become popular and do not provide sufficient funds for future retirement benefits. In order to counteract the existing barriers to the development of long-term saving products, a number of solutions supporting a high level of participation in voluntary, additional savings were applied. The axiological foundation of the actions undertaken became the notion of freedom and the theory explaining the behavior of individuals in behavioral economics. This study presents the mechanisms taken from the heritage of behavioral economics, which were recorded in the Act of 4 October 2018 on employee capital plans and lower-level acts constituting the PPK system in Poland. The first part of the work presents the reasons for introducing a new long-term saving solution. In the second part, the work contains a description of the duties of employing entities and the rights of participants of the Employee Capital Plans. In the third part of the work, practical applications of behavioral economics used in the construction of PPK were indicated. The work is crowned with a critical summary showing the challenges and problems that may constitute barriers to the spread of this form of saving.
The devil is in the details: Regulation EU 2017/1129
Authors: Chyla Łukasz 
Published: March 2020

On July 21, 2019, the prospective Prospectus Regulation EU 2017/1129 effectively came into force, replacing the previous Prospectus Directive. Its main goals are to increase effective investor protection and to reduce barriers and burdens for issuers, especially the smaller ones. In addition to flagship reforms, such as raising the prospectus exemption thresholds and introducing new, alleviated types of prospectuses, the Regulation introduces a number of controversial changes, such as limiting the concept of private offers, extending the scope of the “wholesale prospectus,” creating a prospectus summary modeled on a key information document known from PRIIPS and reforming risk factors. Seemingly less prominent, these changes can nonetheless have a significant impact on issuers and investors in the European Union. The purpose of this article is to analyze and evaluate selected changes introduced by the new prospectus law. Diabeł tkwi w szczegółach. Rozporządzenie UE 2017/112921 lipca 2019 roku weszło w życie rozporządzenie prospektowe UE 2017/1129, które zastąpiło obowiązującą do tej pory dyrektywę prospektową. Jego główne cele to zwiększenie efektywnej ochrony inwestorów oraz redukcja barier i obciążeń dla emitentów — szczególnie tych mniejszych. Oprócz flagowych reform, takich jak podniesienie progów zwolnienia z obowiązku publikacji prospektu emisyjnego czy wprowadzenie nowych rodzajów prospektów emisyjnych, rozporządzenie wprowadza liczne kontrowersyjne zmiany, między innymi ograniczenie pojęcia ofert prywatnych, rozszerzenie zakresu „prospektów hurtowych”, stworzenie podsumowania prospektowego na wzór kluczowego dokumentu informacyjnego znanego z PRIIPS oraz reformę czynników ryzyka. Te z pozoru mniej wyeksponowane zmiany mogą mieć istotny wpływ na emitentów i inwestorów w Unii Europejskiej. Celem artykułu jest analiza i ocena wybranych zmian wprowadzonych przez nowe prawo prospektowe.
Systemowa mechanika zmiany — innowacja i postęp w świetle nauki o komunikacji
Authors: Wszołek Mariusz 
Published: March 2020

The systemic mechanism of change — innovation and progressin the light of communication scienceIn the article I discuss the concept of innovation and progress with regard to the results of the design process within the framework of the communication design system. I understand the concept of innovation and progress as mechanisms controlling development on two different levels. In the case of innovation we can speak of a change within a given category, while in the case of progress — a change of the entire category. The concept will correspond to a given sector of the economy.
Kategoria ‘miasto’ jako wyznacznik technik pracy reportera
Authors: Borkowski Igor 
Published: March 2020

The category of the ‘city’ as a determinant of techniques used by reporters in their work The perspective of the city understood as a unique conglomerate of points of view, emotions, experiences and predictions as well as sender-receiver roles is very interesting and significant in the context of reporters’ work. First of all, the city as an urban, spatial category teaches reporters a very instructive lesson in terms of putting their protagonists, sources of information, stories in a physically existing and physically limited space. The article features an analysis of examples of journalists’ actions and their textual effects in search of the city as an important category in constructing the world in non-fiction. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the perspective and value of the category of the city in numerous and varied reporters’ writings. It combines people and places, cultures, articulation, customs, emotions and values overlapping with a physical space. Numerous lessons of this type of reporters’ work can be found in the history of both Polish and international reportage.
Ut non diligat vir uxorem sicut adulteram – poglądy kaznodziejów na seksualność w średniowiecznej Polsce
Authors: Morawska Karolina 
Published: March 2020

Ut non diligat vir uxorem sicut adulteram — sexuality in medieval Poland as seen by the preachersHow can the attitudes of medieval people towards any manifestations of sexuality be examined? The objective of the study is to reveal the utility of sermons in research on sexuality in medieval Poland. Knowing that the content of the studied sermons is frequently set in the reality of everyday life, it is not unfounded to expect that any kinds of behaviour and attitudes criticized and con­demned by preachers constitute a credible reflection of the customs typical for the inhabitants of medieval Poland. One can therefore discover what kind of sexually motivated behaviour was per­mitted, what attitudes were expected and what eluded any control, shaping the reality and customs of medieval Poland.
The new burlesque as an example of double-simulacrum
Authors: Staśkiewicz Joanna 
Published: March 2020

The new burlesque as an example of double-simulacrumThis article deals with the phenomenon of the new burlesque in a double sense: as a simulacrum of gender and sexuality construction and as a simulacrum of local myths. It shows, according to the simulacrum approach of Jean Baudrillard, the current research on burlesque and an example of the international comparison of the burlesque scenes in New Orleans USA, Berlin Germany, and Warsaw Poland. It poses the question of how the imaginings of gender roles, sexuality, and local “authenticity” are embodied in the new burlesque.
Zjawisko „zdrady kontrolowanej” jako przykład kulturowej nienormatywności seksualnej
Authors: Buczkowski Adam 
Published: March 2020

The phenomenon of “cuckold” as an example of cultural sexual non-conformityThis article considers the phenomenon of cuckold as an example of cultural transformations of sexuality in the Western culture. Author distinguishes three sexual cultures: religious, sexological and individualistic. Each of the sexual culture defines the cuckold in different way. Moreover the author analyses the content of internet group focused on cuckold in Poland as an example of indi­vidualistic sexual culture.
Social media i nowy marketing w społeczeństwie konsumpcyjnym
Authors: Wolska-Zogata Irena 
Published: March 2020

Social media and new marketing within the consumer society In sociological theories, one can find at least two explanations for the emergence of a consumer society. One of them refers to economics, looking to the growth of production efficiency and the enrichment of society as the causes of consumption revolution. The second refers to culture, treat­ing the change in social practices, consumption patterns as a result of changes in the usual social norms. The paradigm that has dominated for over 10 years in the social sciences sees in consump­tion the tool of reflective shaping of the consumer’s identity. On the other hand, some sociologists look for units of identity formatted by marketing. Undoubtedly, the author is closer to this second statement, but he sees a kind of technological determinism. The contemporary consumer, immersed in the world of new technologies, which is his choice, at the same time submits to marketing tech­nical means, made possible by these technologies. The author, based on the existing data, puts for­ward the thesis that individualism, strengthened among others by new media, has been successfully used by marketers to sell standardized products.
Fenomen „rogu obfitości” w faktograficznej rekonstrukcji programu intelektualnego Alvina Warda Gouldnera
Authors: Stochmal Małgorzata 
Published: March 2020

The phenomenon of the “horn of abundance” in the factual reconstruction of the intellectual program of Alvin Ward Gouldner By making a quick systematization of the sociological achievements in the field of scientific cognition and technological progress, we are facing a real challenge. The phenomenon of the “horn of abundance” in the factual reconstruction of sociological explanatory visions explaining scienti­fic cognition and technological progress almost overwhelms the multiplicity of the proposed con­cepts. Many of the proposed polarized approaches are maintained in terms of convergence, while others remain divergent. Systematization of even selected theoretical positions goes far beyond the scope of this study, hence my attention is focused on the character of Alvin Ward Gouldner. The subject of my research activities is the reconstruction of the intellectual program expressed in the most important works of this sociologist. He is such an interesting figure of the intellectual estab­lishment that many of his works can be considered a “magnum opus” of sociology. The “map” of relational themes, threads and issues co-creates extremely detailed and multidimensional achie­vements. Undoubtedly, Gouldner’s remarkable sense of intellectual awareness resounds today in his works and inspires social scientists. One can only regret the lack of sufficient dissemination of Gouldner’s intellectual ideas in our native sociology. While appreciating the value of such theoreti­cal-empirical efforts, this article tries to minimize this gap by presenting Gouldner’s achievements that have not yet been translated into Polish.
Narrar la experiencia de la emigración. Los polacos en Misiones Argentina
Authors: Wendorff Anna 
Published: March 2020

Narrating the experience of emigration: Poles in Misiones Argentina The object of this study is to analyze how life accounts, histories, and testimonials of the Polish immigration in Misiones, Argentina, are constructed. The methodology employed for the analysis consists of: the ethnographic method, life accounts, biographic perspectives and research inter­views, not only for information concerning the manner, but also the process of putting togeth­er gaffes, according to what Rosana Guber explains in her book La etnografía: método, campo y reflexividad. The corpus of data was formed by Polish residents of the province of Misiones, Argentina. The results of the investigation determined that: their discourse acts as narration and not only as personal stories, constructs new identifying models and still others that refer to their original sources. As a corollary, the “new” identities have their manners of expression which are manifested via a series of discursive forms that characterize the speaker, such as the use of narrations that form an integral part of them. Finally, the conclusion suggests that the presence of the Polish immigrant in the province of Misiones affirms the concept of territorial polyphony and of narrative identities, since we can assume that in the narrative constructions similarly we will find discursive and meta­discursive constructions that propose identifying and historic relationships.
U źródeł leseferyzmu i subiektywizmu myśli Murraya Rothbarda. Arystoteles, Święty Tomasz, hiszpańscy scholastycy, John Locke i Fryderyk Bastiat jako źródła inspiracji
Authors: Wojtyszyn Radosław 
Published: March 2020

Laissez — faire and subjective underpinnigs of Murray Rothbard’s thought. Aristotle, St. Thomas, Spanish scholastics, John Locke and Frederic Bastiat as an inspirationThe subject of this article are origins of the subjectivist view of the economic activity of man, and pre-classic themes of political economy, which are the inspirations for Murray Newton Rothbard and his thought of anarcho-capitalism. These issues, being so rarely subject to scientific interest, are crucial point of reference for classical and neoclassical economics, and laissez-faire in general. Specific influence of natural law on the sphere of economic activity and human condition also implies abroader view of the role of state institutions in the thought of Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, the scholastics of the Salamanca, John Locke and Frederic Bastiat, who combined the above-mentioned laws of nature and tradition of classical economics with subjectivity, so important in Austrian School of Economics and in anarcho-capitalist thought of Murray Newton Rothbard.
Międzynarodowe opodatkowanie emerytur — ujęcie modelowe
Authors: Lipniewicz Rafał 
Published: March 2020

International taxation of pensions — a model conceptAlong with the changing demographic structure of many countries, especially developed ones, one of the significant social groups are people who receive benefits from old-age security. One aspect of this phenomenon is the issue of taxation of financial benefits received by pensioners in cross-border situ­ations, in particular when during retirement pensions are paid out of afund located in the territory of a different country from the one in which the beneficiary resides tax residence. The taxpayer’s right to tax such pensions is subject to negotiations between states that intend to conclude adouble tax treaty, in which they will allocate tax power in this matter. These agreements are modeled on model conventions developed by the OECD and the UN. The purpose of this article is to analyze the legal, economic and administrative aspects resulting from modeled in the model conventions ways of allocating tax rights between the source of pension payment and the residential country of such a benefit.
Tajemnica zawodowa dotycząca działalności funduszy emerytalnych i jej ochrona karnoprawna
Authors: Płońska Anna 
Published: March 2020

Professional secrecy concerning the pension funds activities and its criminal-law pro­tectionThe paper discusses the concept of professional secrecy concerning the pension funds activities and indicates the substance of its criminal law protection. The main thesis of this article is that in the age of intensive economic development, an information, especially professional secrecy, becomes a par­ticularly important legal interest, which requires afar-reaching legal protection which is provided by criminal law provisions. The purpose of this paper is also the analysis of the legal consequences of committing adisclosure or use of professional secrecy offence under the Article 220 of The Or­ganization and Operation of Pension Funds Act of August 28th, 1997. The scientific method used in this paper is adogmatic analysis of law.
„Na wysokiej połoninie” Stanisława Vincenza w kontekście kategorii pogranicza i geopoetyki
Authors: Orłowski Adam 
Published: March 2020

Stanisław Vincenz’s Na wysokiej połoninie in the context of the categories of frontier and geopoeticsStanisław Vincenz’s monumental work Na wysokiej połoninie [On the High Mountain Pastures] can be analysed in the context of civilisational transformations that took place at the turn of the 20th century in highland regions. Carpathian highlanders, including the Hutsuls, for centuries had cultivated traditions going way back in time, to the Hellenic herding culture values like subordination to the laws of nature and God, freedom, highland time, autumn knowledge, dialogue, unique understanding of space. The development of capitalism and influence of urban culture brought with them a possibility of coming into contact on a large scale with a worldview representing a different way of looking at issues fundamental to the individuals and entire community.Thus Vincenz’ tetralogy is set at the frontier of epochs, cultures and mentalities views of the world, impressions of the world. The present article aims at interpreting Vincenz’ work in the context of a category that is extremely popular in the humanities, namely frontier or borderland as well as Kenneth White’s category of geopoetics, which is attracting more and more “followers”.