bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presence and Clinical Value of Vestibular Symptoms in Migraine
Authors: Liu Juan , Pan Qi , Fan Yulan , Zhang Yun , Fan Xiaoping , Tan Jiaze , Zhang Yixin , Zhou Jiying 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the correlations between the characteristics of vestibular symptoms and migraine, and to explore the clinical value of vestibular symptoms in patients with migraine.Methods: Consecutive patients who visited the outpatient Department of Neurology and presented with a principal complaint of headache were enrolled. Patients with primary headache diagnosed according to International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) were divided into the episodic migraine group (EM), chronic migraine group (CM) and tension-type headache group (TTH). Information on clinical symptoms was collected with a semistructured questionnaire, and the characteristics of the vestibular symptoms were recorded.Results: 451 patients were recruited, with 235 EM, 187 CM and 29 TTH. The proportion of patients with vestibular symptoms in the migraine (108/422) was higher than that in the TTH (1/29), and the frequency of vestibular symptoms in the CM was higher. 2-8 days per month was the highest in the EM (131/235), and the migraine features and accompanying symptoms were the most typical. The highest proportion of patients with separate attacks of headache and vestibular symptoms was observed in the low-frequency headache (68.8%) (p<0.05). With an increase in headache frequency, the proportion of concurrent attacks of headache and vestibular symptoms gradually increased, a headache frequency of 8 days per month was a cut-off point for migraine.Conclusion: Vestibular symptoms occur frequently in patients with CM, and the presence of concurrent attacks of vestibular symptoms and headache was significantly related to the headache frequency. A headache frequency of 8 days per month is recommended as a warning sign for CM. Patients with headaches 2-8 days per month have the most typical characteristics and should be selected for clinical trial.
A Cross-sectional Study on the Burden and Impact of Migraine on Work Productivity and Quality of Life in Selected Workplaces in the Philippines
Authors: Haw Nel Jason , Cabaluna Ian Theodore , Kaw Germaine Erika , Cortez Joanna Feliz , Chua Maria Pamela , Guce Kristel 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background Migraine imposes a substantial personal and economic burden to many working age individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the burden and impact of migraine on work productivity in selected workplaces in the Philippines.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among employees suspected or diagnosed with migraine February to May 2020. Volunteer employees were screened for migraine using the ID-Migraine™ test. Eligible employees were tested for migraine severity and impact on work productivity was measured using the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) questionnaire. Quality of life was also measured using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire and additional questions on triggers, coping mechanisms, workplace assistance, and health care utilization were asked. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors of migraine disability (high – MIDAS Grade III/IV vs. low – MIDAS Grade I/II). Differences in quality of life scores by migraine disability were measured using multiple linear regression. Productivity costs lost to migraine disability were calculated as the number of days lost to migraine multiplied by the self-reported wage rate, and costs according to migraine severity were measured using a two-part model (logistic then generalized linear model).Results A total of 511 positive migraine screens were included in the final sample. Females comprised two-thirds of all positive migraine screens and were more likely to have high migraine disability (odds ratio: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.03 - 2.49) than males. Those with high migraine disability scored lower on role limitations compared to those with low migraine disability. Stress and looking at computer screens were cited as the top trigger for migraine, while sleeping enough hours and getting a massage were cited as top coping mechanisms. Three in four (77%) visited their company clinic within the past three months, which meant that most doctors seen for migraine-related symptoms were general practitioners. Five in six (85%) took medication for migraine, almost all of which were over-the-counter medications. Mean annual productivity costs lost due to migraine disability were PHP27 794 (USD556).Conclusion Migraine poses a significant threat to work productivity in the Philippines. Many opportunities, such as disease management and introduction of alternative options for migraine treatment, may be introduced to help address these issues.
Parent-Perceived Barriers to Accessing Services for Their Child’s Mental Health Problems
Authors: Hansen Anna Sofie , Telléus Gry Kjærsdam , Mohr-Jensen Christina , Lauritsen Marlene Briciet 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Many children and adolescents with impairing mental health disorders are not in contact with specialized child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS). In order to close the service gap, it is important to increase our knowledge of barriers to access. The aim of this study was to investigate parent perceived barriers to accessing services for their child’s mental health problems to identify potential areas for improvement of access to CAMHS. Method: In this cross-sectional observational study 244 parents of children and adolescents referred to outpatient psychiatric assessment were interviewed using the Children’s services interview regarding barriers to accessing child mental health services across healthcare, educational services and social services. Parent reported barriers were analyzed in relation to the child’s age, referral reason, symptom duration and impairment of the child. Results: The most commonly reported barriers were lack of information about were to seek help (60.3%), the perception that professionals did not listen (59.8%) and professionals refusing to initiate interventions or provide referral to services (53.7%). Lack of knowledge, stigmatization and unavailability of services were common themes across barriers to help-seeking. Long symptom duration and parent rated impairment was associated with increased risk of reporting several barriers to help-seeking. Conclusion: Parents seeking help for their child’s mental health encounter numerous barriers that could explain part of the treatment gap and long duration of mental health problems in children prior to referral to CAMHS.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence, trends and spatiotemporal distribution of HIV/AIDS infection in Northern African countries.
Authors: Daw Mohamed A , Sifennasr Nadia E.M. , El-Bouzedi Abdallah , Ahmed Mohamed O 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major global public health concern. Northern African countries carry a disproportionate burden of HIV, accounting for one of the highest prevalences in Africa. Here in, we sought to analyze the epidemiological characterization and spatial trends of HIV infection in the Northern African region.Methods: A systematic review was carried out on all the published data regarding HIV/AIDS in Northern African countries over a ten year period ( 2008-2017) following the PRISMA guidelines. We performed a comprehensive literature search using Medline PubMed, Embase, regional and international databases, and country-level reports were searched with no language restriction. The quality, quantity, and geographic coverage of the data were assessed at both the country and region levels. We used random-effects methods, spatial variables and stratified results by demographic factors. Only original data for the prevalence of HIV infection were included and independently evaluated by professional epidemiologists.Results: A total of 721 records were identified by our data search , and only 41 that met our criteria were included in the meta-analysis during the study period. There was a considerable variability in the prevalence estimates of HIV within the countries of the region. The overall prevalence of HIV in northern African countries ranged from 0.9% (95% CI (0.8–1.27) to 3.8% (95% CI (1.17-6 .53)). The highest prevalence was associated with vulnerable groups, particularly drug abusers and sexual promiscuity. Dense HIV clustering was also reported during the study period, varying from one country to another. At least 13 HIV subtypes and recombinant forms were prevalent in the region. Subtype B was the most common variant , followed by CRF02_AG.Conclusion: This comprehensive review indicated that HIV infection in Northern African countries is an emerging threat. Effective strategies are needed both at national and regional levels to improve monitoring and controlling the transmission of HIV with a particular emphasis on geographic variability and HIV clustering.
Plateletpheresis Donation Trend and a Ban on Family/Replacement Donation in China: A Pseudo-Panel Data Approach Analysis
Authors: Chen Jinyan , Zhou Guoli , Fu Xuemei , Li Shijie , Li Ying , Kang Jiankun , Chen Huiyou , Zhou Liqiao , Fu Yongshui 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background A nationwide ban on family/replacement donation (FRD) went into effect on April 1, 2018 in China. To date, no reports relevant to the trend of plateletpheresis donations before and after a nationwide ban on FRD were found.Methods We used two independent full samples, consisting of 135851 and 82129plateletpheresis donors from Guangzhou and Chengdu between October 2012 and September 2019, respectively. A pseudo-panel dataset approach was applied by grouping three time-invariant covariates – gender, blood donation history, and birth year across 14 cross-sections (a 6-month interval each)to form a total of 24 cohort groups (14×24=336 cohorts, i.e., cells) with each having common covariates. The outcome was average apheresis platelet units per donor in each cell. We performed a two-piecewise linear mixed model with the cross-section (i.e., time) just right before the ban as a time breakpoint(i.e., 11th cross-section) to examine the trend of outcome with the adjustment of three time-invariant covariates. We removed the family/replacement donations in each of the first 11 cross-sections to detect its possible influence on the trend.Results The final model for the samples from Guangzhou presented a two-piecewise linear trend of the outcome over time with a horizontal line to the left of the breakpoint (βtimeBefore11=0.0111,p=0.0976) and a significantly positive linear trend to the right (βtimeAfter11=0.0404,p<0.0001). The male donors and the donors with plateletpheresis donation history had an increased baseline outcome and a significant outcome change over time after the ban. Such a two-piecewise linear trend pattern can be replicated using the samples from Chengdu with some minor variations. Removing the FRD before the ban can change the pattern.Conclusion The significant increase of the average apheresis platelet units per donor over time after the FRD ban may be related to the implement of the FRD ban and the improved donation behavior of male donors and/or donors with platelet donation history after the ban. Our findings may potentially motivate the policymakers in other countries where the FRD for plateletpheresis donation is still legitimate to phase out their FRD strategy and ultimately achieve 100% voluntary plateletpheresis donation.
A novel multi-scale bioinformatics strategy for identifying the molecular mechanism by insighting into ceRNA network integrating WGCNA and meta-analysis: compound kushen injection for treating gastric carcinoma as a proof
Authors: Zhou Wei , Zhang Jingyuan , Guo Siyu , Liu Xinkui , Jia Shanshan , Lu Shan , Wu Jiarui , You Rongli 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundGastric carcinoma (GC) is a severe digestive system tumor with high morbidity and mortality and poor prognosis, of which the novel treatments are urgently needed. Compound kushen injection (CKI), a classic Chinese medicine injection, has been widely used to treat a variety of tumors in clinical for decades. In recent years, a growing number of studies have confirmed that CKI has a favorable therapeutic effect on GC, but there are few reports on the potential molecular mechanism of action.MethodsHere, using network pharmacology as the core concept, we identified the ceRNA network and key targets of CKI in the treatment of GC. In order to further explore the impact of key targets, we conducted a meta-analysis of them and compared the expression differences between GC tissues and normal tissues. Functional analysis was utilized to understand the biological regulation pathways involved in key genes. Moreover, we further detected the significance of key genes for the prognosis of GC through survival analysis and immune infiltration analysis. Finally, molecular docking simulation was adopted so as to verify the combination of CKI components and key targets.ResultsAnalysis of the ceRNA network of CKI on GC illustrated that the potential molecular mechanism of CKI was possible to regulate PI3K-AKT and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways by intervening hub genes including AKR1B1, MMP2 and PTGERR3.ConclusionsIn conclusion, this study not only partially highlighted the molecular mechanism of CKI in GC therapy but also provided a novel strategy for exploring the effective mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine formulations.
Preferences of Medical Students for Rural Medical Internships in South Africa: A Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: Jose Maria , Obse Amarech , Zuidgeest Mark , Alaba Olufunke 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Globally the proportion of medical doctors to population in rural areas in low- and middle-income countries remains insufficient to address their health care needs. Therefore, it is imperative to design strategies that attract medical doctors to rural areas to reduce health inequalities and achieve universal health coverage. Methods: This study assessed preferences of medical students for rural internships using a discrete choice experiment. Attributes of rural job were identified through literature and focus group discussions. A D-efficient design was generated with 15 choice sets, each with forced binary, unlabelled, rural hospital alternatives. An online survey was conducted, and data analysed using mixed logit models of main effects only and main effects plus interaction terms. Results: Majority of the respondents were females (130/66.33%) and had urban origin (176/89.80%). The main effects only model showed advanced practical experience, hospital safety, correctly fitting personal protective equipment, and availability of basic resources as the most important attributes influencing take up of rural internship, respectively. Respondents were willing to pay ZAR 2645.92 monthly (95%CI: 1345.90; 3945.94) to gain advanced practical experience (equivalent to 66.15% of current rural allowance). In contrast, increases in rural allowance and the provision of housing were the least important attributes. Based on the interaction model, female respondents and those intending general practise associated higher weight for hospital safety over advanced practical experience. Conclusion: In the context of limited budgets and resource constraints, policy makers and rural health facility managers are advised to prioritise meaningful internship practise environments that offer supervised learning environment, safety from physical and occupational hazards and the provision of basic resources for healthcare system-wide benefits to both staff and rural health facility users alike.
Visualizations of Combinatorial Entropy Index on Whole SARS-CoV-2 Genomes
Authors: Zheng Jeffrey , Zhou Yang 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a set of SARS-CoV-2 genomes from four countries are selected for visualizations under the C1 modules of the metagenomic analysis system MAS. Based on the variant construction and the theory of information entropy, the module makes statistics on the number of bases in SARS-CoV-2 sequences to calculate the base probability measures in segments to generate the combinatorial entropy index data from the base probability measures. Under visualization technology, the combinatorial entropy index is projected on 2D clustering genomic index maps and 1D histogram maps to provide projection results. The visual results provide intuitive and easy properties to analyze complicated clustering among genomes to support clustering analysis of SARS-CoV-2 genomes in batches, showing the distribution characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 genomes in different countries or regions conveniently.
Efficiency of damage control orthopaedics strategy in the management of military ballistic limb trauma
Authors: Khalil Amri , Ahmed Tounsi , Achraf Oueslati , Mouhamed Ben Salah , Rim Dhahri , Chadia Chourabi , Lotfi Nouisri 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:

In conflict areas, orthopaedic surgeon adopted this concept of damage control orthopaedic (DCO) to face limb fracture due to ballistic trauma because of the gravity of the hurts, the limitation of equipment, and precarious conditions of asepsis. They use external fixation as an initial treatment at the nearest health centre. And they delay the definitive treatment to be realized in better conditions. Our study aims to assess the outcome of damage control orthopaedic (DCO) strategy in military ballistic limb trauma according to the experience of the Military Hospital of Tunisia.
Materials and methods:

This study is a retrospective study on patients who were hospitalized for a limb ballistic fracture. It includes military patients treated urgently with primary external fixation at the nearest health centre. We adapted Gustilo classification to describe the wound opening, Winquist and Hansen classification to define the fracture comminution and Grading system for bone loss to evaluate the bone loss. Then all victims were evacuated secondary, to the Military hospital to receive the definitive treatments. The conversion to internal osteosynthesis had taken place according to some criteria. They were the absence of local sepsis, a haemoglobin level (> 10 g/dl), a serum protein level (> 50 g/l) and a negative or falling CRP kinetics. We studied the delay of conversion from external fixation to an internal osteosynthesis, bone healing time and complications.
Result:

Our study included 32 patients, all men, mean age was 31 years. The average follows up was 33,2 months. 88% of trauma concerned lower limb. The average delay for conversion from external fixation to internal osteosynthesis was 7,8 days. The bone union was achieved in 26 cases, with an average delay of 4.23 months. Observed general complications were anaemia, pulmonary embolism and rhabdomyolysis. Local complications were essentially sepsis on osteosynthesis material and pseudarthrosis. These complications were significantly associated with a type III of Gustilo skin opening, a type III and IV of the Winquist fracture comminutions, a type II and III of the Grading system for bone loss, and the delay for conversion from external fixation to internal osteosynthesis.
Conclusion:

DCO is a global strategy which involves all measures participating in the acceleration of the wound healing and fighting against the infection. These measures shorten the delay of conversion from external fixation into an internal osteosynthesis, which constitutes a key parameter in the management of limb fracture due to ballistic trauma.
Gut microbiota signatures in Schistosoma japonicum infection-induced liver cirrhosis patients
Authors: Gui Qifeng , Zhu Feng , Xiao Chi , Lu Haifeng , Zhang Qin , Xu Jia , Jin Huilin , Yang Yunmei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: One of the serious complications induced by Schistosoma japonicum infection is the development of liver cirrhosis. Several studies have assessed the role of gut microbiota in cirrhosis of different etiologies, but none has done so in the context of S. japonicum infection in humans. Here, to explore the possible role of gut microbiota in S. japonicum infection-induced liver cirrhosis, we conducted an observational clinical study.Methods: Twenty-four patients with S. japonicum infection-induced liver cirrhosis and 25 age- and gender-matched controls from Zhejiang Province, China, were enrolled in the study. Fecal samples were collected and used for 16S rRNA gene hypervariable V4 region Illumina MiSeq sequencing.Results: Eight hundred seven operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected, of which 491 were common in the two groups, while 123 and 193 were unique for the control and cirrhosis groups, respectively. Overall, no significant differences in both alpha and beta diversities and overall microbiota structure were found in the two groups. However, Bacilli (Class) and Lactobacillales (Order) were significantly higher in patients with S. japonicum infection-induced liver cirrhosis than in healthy individuals.Conclusions: Altogether, our results suggest that the gut microbiota of S. japonicum infection-induced liver cirrhosis patients is similar to that of healthy individuals.
Visual Field Improvement Achieved by Decompression Surgery for Craniomaxillofacial Fibrous Dysplasia: A Case Report
Authors: Li Nana , Chen Xuhao , Tian Yanjie , Zhang Chun 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundCraniomaxillofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD) is a type of congenital benign bone disorder that progressively replaces the healthy bone marrow with fibrous tissue. When the optic nerve is influenced, the efficacy of therapeutic decompression is doubtful, as vision loss is irreversible with the thinning nerve fiber layer. Case presentationA 22-year-old female presented to our institution with left painless, slowly-progressing orbito-fronto-temporal swelling. She had undergone several plastic surgeries before. Enlargement in her left frontal area involving the orbital region was seen, with increased frontal contour and vertical dystopia and minimal inferior displacement of the globe. We observed significant visual field defects in her left eye, and her retinal fiber layer was thin on examination. She was therefore diagnosed as FD. Decompression operation was performed, and her visual acuity and central visual field improved in the 1-month follow-up.Conclusions Our case indicated that visual defect caused by prolonged time course of optic nerve compression by craniomaxillofacial fibrous dysplasia can be relieved partially by decompression surgery.