bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Gender, Parental Role, and Time on Infant- and Adult-Directed Read and Spontaneous Speech
Authors: Weirich Melanie , Simpson Adrian 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The study sets out to investigate inter- and intraspeaker variation in German infant-directed speech (IDS) and considers the potential impact that the factors gender, parental involvement, and speech material (read vs. spontaneous speech) may have. In addition, we analyze data from 3 time points prior to and after the birth of the child to examine potential changes in the features of IDS and, particularly also, of adult-directed speech (ADS). Here, the gender identity of a speaker is considered as an additional factor.

Method
IDS and ADS data from 34 participants (15 mothers, 19 fathers) is gathered by means of a reading and a picture description task. For IDS, 2 recordings were made when the baby was approximately 6 and 9 months old, respectively. For ADS, an additional recording was made before the baby was born. Phonetic analyses comprise mean fundamental frequency (f0), variation in f0, the 1st 2 formants measured in /i: ɛ a u:/, and the vowel space size. Moreover, social and behavioral data were gathered regarding parental involvement and gender identity.

Results
German IDS is characterized by an increase in mean f0, a larger variation in f0, vowel- and formant-specific differences, and a larger acoustic vowel space. No effect of gender or parental involvement was found. Also, the phonetic features of IDS were found in both spontaneous and read speech. Regarding ADS, changes in vowel space size in some of the fathers and in mean f0 in mothers were found.

Conclusion
Phonetic features of German IDS are robust with respect to the factors gender, parental involvement, speech material (read vs. spontaneous speech), and time. Some phonetic features of ADS changed within the child's first year depending on gender and parental involvement/gender identity. Thus, further research on IDS needs to address also potential changes in ADS.
Präferenzmessung bei seltenen Erkrankungen: Sensitivitätsanalyse geringer Fallzahlen bei Patienten mit Neuroendokrinen Tumoren (NET)
Authors: Mühlbacher Axel C. , Juhnke Christin , Sadler Andrew 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungDiscrete Choice Experimente (DCE) sind eine wichtige Methode zur Erfassung von Patientenpräferenzen. Neuroendokrine Tumore (NET) sind eine seltene Krankheit und daher ist es schwierig, eine ausreichende Anzahl von Studienteilnehmern für Präferenzstudien zu gewinnen. Darüber hinaus gibt es kaum internationale Standards für die Bestimmung der angemessenen Anzahl von Befragten in DCEs. Am Beispiel verschiedener Behandlungsoptionen von NET wurden patientenrelevante Endpunkte mit Hilfe eines DCE mit sechs Attributen gewichtet. Akaike-Informationskriterium (AIC) und Bayes‘sches Informationskriterium (BIC) wurden zusammen mit dem Standardfehler (SE) verwendet, um die Modellgütezu überprüfen und den am besten geeigneten Stichprobenumfang zu bestimmen. Für die Sensitivitätsanalyse wurden verschiedene Teilnehmer nach dem Zufallsprinzip aus der Studienprobe gezogen.
Entscheidungsfindung im Gesundheitswesen – Evidence-to-Decision (EtD)-Modell für nachvollziehbare Entscheidungen
Authors: Potempa Christoph 
Published: November 2019

Conrad et al. GRADE: Von der Evidenz zur Empfehlung oder Entscheidung – ein systematischer und transparenter Ansatz, um gut informierte Entscheidungen im Gesundheitswesen zu treffen. 2: Klinische Praxisleitlinien. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundh wesen 2019; 140: 63–73
Die Autoren um Conrad et al. stellen in ihrem Artikel ein Framework vor, mit dem der Prozess von Entscheidungsprozessen von der Evidenz zur Empfehlung systematisch und transparent dokumentiert und gestaltet werden kann. Dieser zweite Teil einer Artikelreihe widmet sich dabei insbesondere dem Themenfeld der klinischen Praxisleitlinien.
Ulcus Cruris – Frühe venöse Ablation erhöht Lebensqualität bei Kosteneffizienz
Authors: Dobler Gabriele 
Published: November 2019

Epstein DM. et al. Cost-effectiveness analysis of a randomized clinical trial of early versus deferred endovenous ablation of superficial venous reflux in patients with venous ulceration. Br J Surg 2019; 106: 555–562
Aktuelle Richtlinien empfehlen bei venösen Beingeschwüren die Behandlung des venösen Refluxes mit endovenösen Ablationstechniken. Viele Praktiker warten jedoch mit der Intervention bis das Ulcus abgeheilt ist. Die EVRA (Early Venous Reflux Ablation) Studie ergab, dass eine frühe endovenöse Ablation zu signifikant schnellerer Abheilung der Ulcera führte. Epstein et al. verglichen die Kosteneffektivität früher und später Intervention.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks of the Posterior Fossa: Patient Characteristics and Imaging Features
Authors: Yancey Kristen L. , Manzoor Nauman F. , Yawn Robert J. , O'Malley Matthew , Rivas Alejandro , Bennett Marc L. , Haynes David S. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objective The main purpose of this article is to investigate the prevalence and features of posterior fossa defects (PFD) in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks (sCSFL).
Design This is a retrospective case series.
Setting Tertiary skull base center.
Participants Consecutive adults undergoing lateral skull base repair of sCSFL between 2003 and 2018.
Main Outcome Measures The following data were collected: demographics, comorbidities, radiology and intraoperative findings, and surgical outcomes including complications and need for revision surgery or shunt placement. Patients with incomplete data or leaks following skull base surgery, trauma, or chronic ear disease were excluded.
Results Seventy-one patients (74% female, mean age 56.39 ± 11.50 years) underwent repair of spontaneous lateral skull base leaks. Eight ears (7 patients, 11.1%) had leaks involving the posterior fossa plate in addition to defects of the tegmen mastoideum (50%), tegmen tympani (25%), or both (25%). Patients with PFDs more often had bilateral tegmen thinning on imaging (75%, odds ratio [OR]: 10.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.20–54.35, p = 0.005) and symptomatic bilateral leaks (OR: 9.67, 95% CI: 2.22–40.17, p = 0.01. All PFD patients had arachnoid granulations adjacent to ipsilateral mastoid cell opacification. However, this finding was often subtle and rarely included on the radiology report. There was no significant difference in body mass index, age, presenting complaints, or operative success between the PFD and isolated tegmen defect sCSFL cohorts.
Conclusion The posterior fossa is an uncommon location for sCSFL. Careful review of preoperative imaging is often suggestive and can inform surgical approach. PFD patients are similar to those with isolated tegmen-based defects in presentation, comorbidities, and outcomes.
Chronological Changes in Anterior Knee Stability after Anatomical Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone and Hamstring Grafts
Authors: Kawaguchi Kohei , Taketomi Shuji , Inui Hiroshi , Yamagami Ryota , Nakazato Keiu , Takagi Kentaro , Kage Tomofumi , Kawata Manabu , Tanaka Sakae 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe clinical outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction are typically evaluated at specific time points only. This study aimed to characterize the chronological changes in anterior knee stability after anatomical ACL reconstruction and to compare the anterior knee stability achieved with bone–patellar tendon–bone (BPTB) and hamstring tendon (HT) grafts. A total of 59 patients underwent anatomical rectangular tunnel ACL reconstruction using the BPTB graft and 23 patients underwent anatomical double-bundle ACL reconstruction using the HT graft. Anterior knee stability was quantitatively assessed using the KneeLax 3 arthrometer at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after surgery using side-to-side differences. The values for anterior knee stability using the BPTB graft were 0.3 mm after 6 months, 0.2 mm after 1 year, and 0.2 mm after 2 years, and no significant differences were observed during the postoperative study period. Meanwhile, the values for anterior knee stability using the HT graft were −0.3 mm after 6 months, 0.5 mm after 1 year, and 1.2 mm after 2 years, and anterior knee stability decreased chronologically from 6 months up to 2 years. Regarding anterior stability, the HT graft showed significant laxity compared with the BPTB graft only after 2 years. No chronological changes in anterior stability were observed from 6 months up to 2 years after ACL reconstruction using the BPTB graft, whereas anterior laxity developed during the same period after ACL reconstruction using the HT graft. This is a Level IV, therapeutic case series study.
Constructing threat through quotes and historical analogies in the Czech and the US “Ukraine Discourse”
Authors: Berrocal Martina 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Conflicts and their discursive representations involve, apart from the spacio-temporal dimension, also the
socio-ideological and axiological positions. These prompt the desired emotional response from the audience in a form of
authorization for the intended action. All these dimensions are mainly construed by presenting series of assertions by creating
the dichotomy self-other and by triggering implicatures that contribute to the preferred interpretations of the presented
representations. This paper aims to examine the role of quotes and historical analogies triggered by quotes in discourse,
concretely, it focuses on the way the Ukrainian conflict is proximized in the US and the Czech political discourse, namely in the
parliamentary debates and governmental statements (November 2013–December 2014). The theoretical framework applied is the
proximization approach (Cap 2008, 2010,
2013, 2014, 2017) which is complemented by the studies that explore the pragmatic functions of quoting in
discourse.
Assessment of methods for serum extracellular vesicle small RNA sequencing to support biomarker development
Authors: Srinivasan Swetha , Duval Manuel X. , Kaimal Vivek , Cuff Carolyn , Clarke Stephen H. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have great potential as a source for clinically relevant biomarkers since they can be readily isolated from biofluids and carry microRNA (miRNA), mRNA, and proteins that can reflect disease status. However, the biological and technical variability of EV content is unknown making comparisons between healthy subjects and patients difficult to interpret. In this study, we sought to establish a laboratory and bioinformatics analysis pipeline to analyse the small RNA content within EVs from patient serum that could serve as biomarkers and to assess the biological and technical variability of EV RNA content in healthy individuals. We sequenced EV small RNA from multiple individuals (biological replicates) and sequenced multiple replicates per individual (technical replicates) using the Illumina Truseq protocol. We observed that the replicates of samples clustered by subject indicating that the biological variability (~95%) was greater than the technical variability (~0.50%). We observed that ~30% of the sequencing reads were miRNAs. We evaluated the technical parameters of sequencing by spiking the EV RNA preparation with a mix of synthetic small RNA and demonstrated a disconnect between input concentration of the spike‐in RNA and sequencing read frequencies indicating that bias was introduced during library preparation. To determine whether there are differences between library preparation platforms, we compared the Truseq with the Nextflex protocol that had been designed to reduce bias in library preparation. While both methods were technically robust, the Nextflex protocol reduced the bias and exhibited a linear range across input concentrations of the synthetic spike‐ins. Altogether, our results indicate that technical variability is much smaller than biological variability supporting the use of EV small RNAs as potential biomarkers. Our findings also indicate that the choice of library preparation method leads to artificial differences in the datasets generated invalidating the comparability of sequencing data across library preparation platforms.
Research on Flex Ray Bus Technology In Vehicle Electronic System
Authors: Yuhan Yao , Deyuan Li , Ruihai Ye 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In order to ensure the driving safety of the car, the on-board electronic system is studied based on Flex Ray bus technology. Firstly, the structure of Flex Ray vehicle electronic system is optimized according to the operation requirements of vehicle electronic system, and Flex Ray application protocol is set up to complete the control and management of vehicle electronic system according to the settings of Flex Ray application protocol. Finally, the experiment proves that the application effect of Flex Ray bus technology in vehicle electronic system is obviously improved compared with the traditional method.
Machining Efficiency Prediction in ECM with a Spiral Shaped Electrode Based on Fuzzy Evaluation
Authors: Yin Yang , Hu Yisheng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Electron-Chemical Machining (ECM) by using a spiral shaped electrode is a new technological method for the machining of guide boles on the machine parts of hard material. Based on the theory of the fuzzy mathematics, a model of fuzzy evaluation on the efficiency of spiral shaped electrode ECM is set up. As an example, the evaluations on the efficiency of the machining process are carried out. The results indicate that the model is practical.
Research on the Model of Formulating SOTM Satellite-switching Strategy Based on Probabilistic Visibility and Breadth-first Search
Authors: Li Yiyi , Jia Weimin , Jin Wei , Zhang Fenggan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In order to let the Satcom-on-the-move (SOTM) users know the communication status of the current driving road in advance and avoid the blindness of the information transmission, a model of formulating SOTM satellite-switching strategy based on probabilistic visibility and breadth-first search is established. Firstly, through adapting JANUS visibility algorithm, a probabilistic visibility model based on terrain description error and interpolation algorithm is proposed to quantitatively represent the communication status of each road point on the whole road. Then, the breadth-first search algorithm is used to obtain the satellite- switching strategy on the condition of different satellite-switching time, and the appropriate satellite-switching strategy is selected for the user according to their requirements. Finally, the validity and practicability of the model are verified by an example.
The Carrier Phase Time Transfer with Broadcast Ephemeris
Authors: Wang Xiang-lei , Shi Feng-feng , Wang Jiang-ting , Fang Jia-min 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Time transfer method PPP is restricted by the real-time and precision of IGS production, and the real-time application have not been widely implemented. Standard Point Positioning(SPP) can satisfy the application for the real-time customer, but the precision is low and is not satisfy the high precision customer. So a new algorithm which have real-time and high precision performance is given. The algorithm dose not need the external orbit and clock error, and can be used for the real-time time transfer because of getting rid of the reliance on IGS production. In this paper, the analysis for the new algorithm is given by using the real measurement data. The results show that the algorithm could improve the time transfer results and frequency stability significantly; the time transfer precision of the new algorithm relative to SPP is improved from 10 ns to 1-2 ns, and dose not need the external precise ephemeris production; the new algorithm can be realized in the receiver conveniently.
Research on preprocessing algorithm based on complex illumination condition
Authors: Shoufeng Tang , Jie Huang , Tongtong Li , Gan Cheng , Minming Tong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the field of image processing, complex illumination conditions have a serious impact on the accurate recognition of targets. Pre-processing complex illumination before face recognition can improve the accuracy of face recognition. In this paper, the Light is preprocessed by image enhancement algorithm and illumination invariant feature extraction algorithm based on Lambertian illumination model. The image enhancement algorithm achieves the purpose of preprocessing by adjusting the gray scale, and the illumination invariant feature algorithm achieves the purpose of preprocessing by extracting the features of the face. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the two types of algorithms are compared and analyzed through experimental results.
Coordination between Electricity Consumption and Economic Development in Tianjin
Authors: Liu Lixia , Ma Chao , Zhang Dong , Li Na , Xiao Fei , Ye Yutong , Yang Jie 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper use the unit root test, cointegration test, and granger test to study the relationship between power consumption and economic growth in Tianjin, and it is concluded that Tianjin’s electricity consumption and economic growth influence each other and cause and effect each other. Economic growth depends strongly on electricity consumption and promotes the development of power industry. The increase of electricity consumption further promotes economic growth.
Community electric vehicle load forecasting based on time series distribution
Authors: Li Hengjie , Zhu Yueyang , Chen Wei , Lv Junqing , Zeng Xianqiang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Electric vehicle charging load forecasting helps power system planning management and optimization. This paper proposes a residential private electric vehicle load forecasting model based on positive-reverse valley time charging, which predicts the load while satisfying the orderly charging of large-scale private electric vehicles in residential areas. Firstly, it analyzes the historical travel rules of private electric vehicles in the community and the charging and discharging characteristics of electric vehicles. Secondly, based on the peak-to- valley time-of-use(TOU) electricity price, the owner of the vehicle is fully utilized to make the electric vehicle orderly charging, so as to obtain the total charging load of the electric vehicle in the community; Finally, the actual data is used to predict the change of the load curve of private electric vehicles in the future after large-scale access to the grid. It is found that under the scenario of disorderly charging of private electric vehicles, the larger volume of the grid has the greater difference between the peaks and valleys of the grid. Through further calculations, it is found that the use of valley time charging can alleviate the impact of the electric vehicle charging load on the power grid to a certain extent. That also can effectively reduce the peak-to-valley difference of the grid load and residential area distribution network overload rate.
Study on the relationship between photon number and discharge magnitude of corona discharge based on ultraviolet imaging method
Authors: Liu Yijin , Liu Yunpeng , Li Yonglin , Liu Jiashuo , Pei Shaotong , Chen Yufeng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In order to improve the accuracy of discharge detection of a domestic ultraviolet (UV) imager, the relationship between the photon number and the discharge magnitude was established. In this paper, the rod-plate gap model was selected as the research object. By using the domestic ZT301 UV imager, the characteristics of photon number and discharge magnitude varied with voltage intensity, observation distances and instrument gains were studied. Experimental results show that the photon number and the discharge magnitude are nonlinear increased with the increasing of voltage. By changing the observation distance and gain, fitting curves of the photon number and the discharge magnitude were obtained, which still satisfied the nonlinear increasing relationship. The research results lay a foundation for practical engineering applications of the domestic UV imager.
Influence of pollution on potential and electric field distribution of porcelain insulator in 110kV transmission line
Authors: Lin Ying , Zhang Zhe , Liu Jiashuo , Li Yonglin , Pei Shaotong , Liu Ynupeng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The spatial potential and electric field distribution of clean insulator and insulator with different degrees of pollution in 110kV transmission lines are analyzed with Comsol Multiphysics software. The results show that: The curve connected by the voltage borne by the single piece insulator in the clean insulator string is saddle-shaped. The voltage borne by the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end is large, while the voltage borne by the middle part of the insulator string is small. With the increase of pollution degree, the overall trend of potential distribution remains unchanged, but the higher the pollution degree is, the greater the maximum voltage on the high-voltage side of the insulator will be, and the smaller the minimum voltage on the low-voltage side will be. With the increase of pollution degree, the general trend of electric field distribution around insulator string remains unchanged, but the maximum value of electric field increases.
Simulation of raindrop-shaped flow tube valveless piezoelectric pump
Authors: Tang Ming , Bao Qibo , Zhang Jianhui , Lai Liyi , Ning Qingshuang 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In order to promote the application of raindrop-shaped flow tube valveless piezoelectric pump (RSFTV PZT pump), basing on the existing research, the RSFTV PZT pump was simulated by computer. Firstly, the existence of the flow resistance of the flow tube was proved by simulation of FLUENT. Then, the dynamic mesh analysis of the pump was carried out to simulate the pumping flow rate at different driving frequencies. Lastly, the simulated results were compared with the experimental results, which shows that the flow rate tendency and value obtained by simulation are basically consistent with that by experiment. The simulation of the RSFTV PZT pump would be helpful to further accelerate related researches and promote the application of RSFTV PZT pump in MEMS and other fields.
Review on investment schemes of urban underground utility tunnels in multiple energy systems
Authors: Han Chang , Yao Yan , Ren Jiaorong , Xu Jiayu , Gao Qiang , Liu Shengyuan , Sun Ke , Huang Senjiong , Yang Li , Lin Zhenzhi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
As a part of multiple energy systems, the urban underground utility tunnel plays an important role in improving the utilization efficiency of urban underground space. However, single investor and difficult financing problem make the construction of urban underground utility tunnels more and more difficult. Thus, it is very important to study a reasonable and effective investment scheme for investing the utility tunnels in multiple energy systems. In this paper, a review on investment schemes of urban underground utility tunnels is presented. The basic properties and related subjects of the utility tunnels are summarized and analyzed. The investment schemes are divided into three types according to the different investment subjects: government direct investment scheme, government and companies joint investment scheme, and public-private partnerships investment scheme. Moreover, the three schemes are introduced and analyzed in detail according to the actual investment cases.