bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Projecting changes in the distribution and maximum catch potential of warm water fishes under climate change scenarios in the Yellow Sea
Authors: Zhu Yugui , Zhang Zhixin , Reygondeau Gabriel , Chu Jiansong , Hong Xuguang , Wang Yunfeng , Cheung William W. L. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimOcean warming has been observed in a number of marine ecosystems and is believed to influence marine species in many ways, such as through changes in distribution range and abundance. In this study, we investigated the potential impacts of climate change on the distribution and maximum catch potential of 34 warm water fishes from 2000 to 2060.LocationYellow Sea, China.MethodsWe used a dynamic bioclimate envelope model under the RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios with Earth system models, including GFDL, IPSL, MPI and their ensemble average, to predict current species distributions and their relative abundance and project future species distributions and maximum catch potential (MCP). Results are subsequently summarized by indices such latitudinal centroid (LC) and mean temperature of relative abundance (MTRA).ResultsOur results showed that the 34 warm water fish species in the Yellow Sea will likely shift to lower latitude regions under future climate change scenarios. In particular, the average LC in the Earth system models of GFDL, IPSL and MPI from 1970 to 2060 is projected to shift at rate of −2.96 ± 1.29 (SE) and −3.20 ± 1.94 (SE) km per decade under the RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively. In addition, the corresponding maximum catch potential is decreased under the above climate change scenarios. The projected changes in the distribution may have major ecological and socio‐economic importance as well as implications for invasive species management, marine ranching construction and shifts in fishing grounds.Main conclusionsThe projected distribution of 34 warm water fish species in the Yellow Sea shifted to lower latitudes from 2000 to 2060 following both RCP scenarios and Earth system models. This result is contrary to the projections of previous studies suggesting that fish species can shift to higher latitudes or deeper waters under increased temperature scenarios. This difference might be due to the semi‐enclosed shelf sea of Yellow Sea, which is commonly influenced by the fluctuation of the coastal current, the warm current, the cold water mass and overfishing.
Quantifying spatiotemporal occupancy dynamics and multi‐year core‐use areas at a species range boundary
Authors: Hostetter Nathan J. , Ryan Daniel , Grosshuesch David , Catton Timothy , Malick‐Wahls Sarah , Smith Tamara A. , Gardner Beth 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimMany species face large‐scale range contractions and predicted distributional shifts in response to climate change, shifting forest characteristics and anthropogenic disturbances. Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) are listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act and were recently recommended for delisting. Predicted climate‐driven losses in habitat quality and quantity may negatively affect the north‐eastern Minnesota lynx population, one of the six remaining resident populations in the contiguous United States. We develop a large‐scale monitoring protocol and dynamic occupancy modelling framework to identify multi‐year core‐use areas and track spatiotemporal occurrence at the southern periphery of the species range.LocationNorth‐eastern Minnesota lynx geographic unit, Superior National Forest and designated critical habitat, Minnesota, USA.MethodsSpatially and temporally replicated snow track surveys were used to collect lynx detection/non‐detection data across five winters (2014–15 to 2018–19) covering >17,000 km within the 22,100 km2 study area. We used a dynamic occupancy model to evaluate lynx occupancy, persistence, colonization and habitat covariates affecting these processes.ResultsLynx occupancy probabilities displayed high spatial and temporal variability, with grid cell‐specific probabilities ranging from 0.0 in periphery regions to consistently near 1.0 in multi‐year core‐use areas, indicating low turnover rates in those areas. Lynx colonization and persistence increased in areas with more evergreen forest and greater average snowfall, while forest characteristics (3–5 and 10–30 m vegetation density) had mixed relationships with occupancy dynamics. We identified 55 grid cells classified as multi‐year core‐use areas across relatively contiguous regions of high average snowfall and per cent conifer forest.Main conclusionsOur study demonstrates a landscape‐scale multi‐year monitoring programme assessing the effects of habitat characteristics and anthropogenic factors on species distributional changes and landscape‐level occupancy dynamics. Our framework incorporating landscape‐scale resource selection, core‐use area concepts and dynamic occupancy models provides a flexible approach to identify population‐level mechanisms driving species persistence and key areas for conservation protection.
Validation of distinct type 2 diabetes clusters and their association with diabetes complications in the DEVOTE, LEADER and SUSTAIN‐6 cardiovascular outcomes trials
Authors: Kahkoska Anna R. , Geybels Milan S. , Klein Klara R. , Kreiner Frederik F. , Marx Nikolaus , Nauck Michael A. , Pratley Richard E. , Wolthers Benjamin O. , Buse John B. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimsTo validate the clusters of Swedish individuals with recent‐onset diabetes at differential risk of complications, which were identified in a previous study, in three global populations with long‐standing type 2 diabetes (T2D) who were at high cardiovascular risk, and to test for differences in the risk of major diabetes complications and survival endpoints.Materials and methodsWe assigned participants from recent global outcomes trials (DEVOTE [n = 7637], LEADER [n = 9340] and SUSTAIN‐6 [n = 3297]) to the previously defined clusters according to age at diabetes diagnosis, baseline glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and body mass index (BMI). Outcomes were assessed using Kaplan–Meier analysis and log‐rank tests.ResultsThe T2D clusters were consistently replicated across the three trial cohorts. The risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and cardiovascular death differed significantly, in all trials, across clusters over a median follow‐up duration of 2.0, 3.8 and 2.1 years, respectively, and was highest for the cluster of participants with high HbA1c and low BMI (P < 0.05 in DEVOTE and LEADER). In LEADER and SUSTAIN‐6, the risk of nephropathy differed across clusters (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.003, respectively). The risk of severe hypoglycaemia differed in DEVOTE (P = 0.006).ConclusionsPreviously identified clusters can be replicated in three geographically diverse cohorts of long‐standing T2D and are associated with cluster‐specific risk profiles for additional clinical and survival outcomes, providing further validation of the clustering methodology. The external validity and stability of clusters across cohorts provides a premise for future work to optimize the clustering approach to yield T2D subgroups with maximum predictive validity who may benefit from subtype‐specific treatment paradigms.
Consistent sociality but flexible social associations across temporal and spatial foraging contexts in a colonial breeder
Authors: Jones Teri B. , Green Jonathan A. , Patrick Samantha C. , Evans Julian C. , Wells Melanie R. , Rodríguez‐Malagón Marlenne A. , Arnould John P. Y. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractWhen the consequences of sociality differ depending on the state of individual animals and the experienced environment, individuals may benefit from altering their social behaviours in a context‐dependent manner. Thus, to fully address the hypotheses about the role of social associations it is imperative to consider the multidimensional nature of sociality by explicitly examining social associations across multiple scales and contexts. We simultaneously recorded > 8000 associations from 85% of breeding individuals from a colony of Australasian gannets (Morus serrator) over a 2‐week period, and examined gregariousness across four foraging states using multilayer social network analysis. We found that social associations varied in a context‐dependent manner, highlighting that social associations are most prevalent during foraging (local enhancement) and in regions expected to provide clustered resources. We also provide evidence of individual consistency in gregariousness, but flexibility in social associates, demonstrating that individuals can adjust their social behaviours to match experienced conditions.
PPI‐amoxicillin dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: An update based on a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gao Cai‐Ping , Zhang Di , Zhang Ting , Wang Jin‐Xia , Han Sheng‐Xi , Graham David Y. , Lu Hong 
Published: April 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsThe efficacy of PPI‐amoxicillin dual therapy (high‐dose dual therapy) in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori is controversial. We aimed to investigate whether PPI‐amoxicillin dual therapy is effective.MethodsWe searched several publication databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared PPI‐amoxicillin dual therapy with controls up to March 2019. Meta‐analyses of eradication rates were performed using random‐effects models.ResultsData from twelve RCTs including 2249 patients suggested that PPI‐amoxicillin dual therapy and the current mainstream guidelines‐recommended therapies achieved similar efficacy (83.2% vs 85.3%, risk ratio [RR]: 1.00, 95% CI 0.97‐1.03, intention‐to‐treat analysis), (87.5% vs 90.1%, RR: 0.98, 95% CI 0.95‐1.02, per‐protocol analysis), and compliance (94.3% vs 93.5%, RR: 1.11, 95% CI 0.78‐1.59), but side effects were less likely in the dual therapy (12.9% vs 28.0%, RR: 0.53, 95% CI 0.37‐0.76). Further subgroup analyses showed that the seven RCTs (1302 patients) that reported antimicrobial susceptibility test results also showed that PPI‐amoxicillin dual therapy and the current guidelines‐recommended therapies achieved similar efficacy, and PPI‐amoxicillin dual therapy was as effective for rescue therapy (RR: 0.97, 95% CI 0.89‐1.05) as for first‐line treatment (RR: 0.97, 95% CI 0.93‐1.02).ConclusionsCompared with the current mainstream guidelines‐recommended therapies, PPI‐amoxicillin dual therapy has the same efficacy and compliance, and generally PPI‐amoxicillin dual therapy causes fewer side effects.
Clinicopathological diversity and outcome of longitudinal melanonychia in children and adolescents: analysis of 35 cases identified by excision specimens
Authors: Ren Jing , Ren Min , Kong Yun‐Yi , Lv Jiao‐Jie , Cai Xu , Kong Jin‐Cheng 
Published: April 2020

AimsLongitudinal melanonychia in paediatric patients often represents a difficult diagnostic challenge, and studies emphasising its clinical and histopathological features are limited due to its low incidence in childhood.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively analysed 35 paediatric cases identified by excision specimens on their clinicopathological features, and performed fluorescence in‐situ hybridisation on 13 available cases. Fingernails (77.1%) were more likely to be affected. Total melanonychia and Hutchinson's sign were observed in 10 (28.6%) and 14 (40.0%) cases, respectively. Nail dystrophy at diagnosis was present in five cases. After complete excision of the lesions, four patients relapsed during follow‐up (mean = 38 months). Seventeen cases were diagnosed as lentigines and 18 as naevi, among which 11 cases were categorised as lentigines/naevi with atypical melanocytic hyperplasia. Mild‐to‐moderate nuclear atypia, confluency of melanocytes, focal pagetoid spread and peri‐ungual skin involvement were found in 25.7% (9 of 35), 40.0% (14 of 35), 40.0% (14 of 35) and 40.0% (14 of 35) of cases, respectively. Thirteen cases tested by fluorescence in‐situ hybridisation showed no copy number aberration at the probed loci. There was a statistically significant difference in the following features between patients aged less and more than 10 years (P < 0.05): cytomorphology, mild‐to‐moderate nuclear atypia, confluency of melanocytes, focal pagetoid spread and melanocyte count.ConclusionsSome concerning clinicopathological characteristics, which are signs indicative of melanoma in adults, are not uncommon in paediatric longitudinal melanonychia, especially in patients aged ≤ 10 years. Owing to the extremely low incidence of melanoma in paediatric longitudinal melanonychia, in most circumstances a more conservative clinical management strategy should be adopted.
Zoning inside the renal fascia: The anatomical relationship between the urinary system and perirenal fat
Authors: Ochi Atsuhiko , Muro Satoru , Adachi Takuya , Akita Keiichi 
Published: April 2020

ObjectivesTo examine the anatomical relationship between the urinary system and perirenal fat, and to clarify the zoning inside the renal fascia.MethodsUsing computed tomography images from 50 men, we examined perinephric veins to reveal vessel communication in perirenal fat. Nine cadavers were dissected to investigate connective tissue continuity and vessel communication inside the renal fascia. Eight retroperitoneal specimens were macroscopically observed: four from the anterior and four from the posterior aspects. One specimen was used to obtain retroperitoneal transverse sections to study macroscopic anatomy and histology.ResultsPerinephric veins were classified into four types (superior, middle, inferior and lateral) using computed tomography. Most of the inferior perinephric veins were connected to the ipsilateral gonadal vein. In the cadaveric study, the superior and middle perinephric veins communicated with veins deriving from the ipsilateral adrenal gland. A fibrous connective tissue gap between perirenal fat and renal hilar fat was observed in posterior aspect dissection. From the gap, we could dissect the urinary system from perirenal fat en bloc along with a thin fibrous connective tissue layer. Communicating vessels between perirenal fat and the urinary system were rare.ConclusionsOur results suggest that perirenal fat belongs to the connective tissue of the gonad and the adrenal gland. The urinary system is separate from perirenal fat, and is located on the dorsal side inside the renal fascia. This concept of zoning inside the renal fascia is valuable particularly in retroperitoneoscopic donor nephrectomy.
The challenges of male nurses in the care of female patients in Iran
Authors: Vatandost S. , Oshvandi K. , Ahmadi F. , Cheraghi F. 
Published: April 2020

BackgroundNurses professional duty mean that nurses must care for patients without gender discrimination. Meanwhile, the intrinsic differences between men and women and the need for personal contact with the patients during care procedures can create challenges for male nurses in the process of caring for a female patient.AimsThe present study aims to understand the challenges of male nurses in the care of female patients in Iran.MethodsA descriptive qualitative study was conducted with 20 male nurses selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through unstructured and semi‐structured interviews as well as observations and were analysed using conventional content analysis, based on the Graneheim and Lundman model.FindingsThe findings revealed two main themes, including ‘religious‐cultural restrictions’ and ‘inappropriate organizational context’.Discussion/ConclusionMale nurses are faced with a combination of religious‐cultural and organizational challenges in providing patient care without discrimination in clinical settings. In addition to negatively affecting the quality of nursing care and satisfaction for female patients, these problems also create a stressful work environment for male nurses.Implications for health practice and policyThese problems can be alleviated in clinical settings by trying to ensure same‐gender nurses and patients, especially when performing personal care. In addition to the efforts made by nurses to present a positive and real image of themselves in caring for female patients, health policy‐makers should also attempt to improve society’s attitude towards male nurses caring for female patients through the media.
LncRNA HAND2‐AS1 represses cervical cancer progression by interaction with transcription factor E2F4 at the promoter of C16orf74
Authors: Gong Junling , Fan Haiying , Deng Jing , Zhang Qiumei 
Published: April 2020

AbstractCervical cancer is one of the major malignancies, the pathophysiology and progression of which remain to be scarcely understood. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been previously implicated in the progression of cervical cancer. Here, the purpose of this study was to identify whether lncRNA heart‐ and neural crest derivative‐expressed 2‐antisense RNA 1 (HAND2‐AS1) affect the development of cervical cancer through regulation of chromosome 16 open reading frame 74 (C16orf74) by mediating a transcription factor E2F4. RT‐qPCR was performed to determine the expression of HAND2‐AS1 in cervical cancer cells. Then, cervical cancer cells were treated with HAND2‐AS1 or si‐E2F4 RNA, or C16orf74, after which the proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion were detected. Moreover, the binding between HAND2‐AS1 and E2F4 or between E2F4 and C16orf74 was explored. Finally, the tumorigenesis of cervical cancer cells was measured in nude mice with altered HAND2‐AS1/E2F4/C16orf74 expression. HAND2‐AS1 exhibited poor expression in cervical cancer, and HAND2‐AS1 overexpression suppressed the proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. In addition, HAND2‐AS1 was found to recruit transcription factor E2F4 to C16orf74 promoter region and down‐regulate C16orf74 expression. Lastly, HAND2‐AS1/E2F4/C16orf74 modulated the tumorigenesis of cervical cancer in nude mice. In conclusion, this study provided evidence on the inhibitory effect of HAND2‐AS1 on the development of cervical cancer through the suppression of C16orf74 expression by recruiting transcription factor E2F4. This study highlights the potential of lncRNA HAND2‐AS1 as a target in the treatment of cervical cancer.
Effect of self‐performed mechanical plaque control frequency on gingival health in subjects with a history of periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Maier Juliana , Reiniger Ana Paula Pereira , Sfreddo Camila Silveira , Wikesjö Ulf ME , Kantorski Karla Zanini , Moreira Carlos Heitor Cunha 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAimThis randomized clinical trial evaluated the effect of the frequency of self‐performed mechanical plaque control (SPC) on gingival health in subjects with a history of periodontitis.Materials and MethodsForty‐two subjects participating in a routine periodontal maintenance program were randomized to perform SPC at 12‐, 24‐ or 48‐hr intervals. Plaque index (PlI) and gingival index (GI) were evaluated at baseline, and days 15, 30 and 90 of study. Probing depths, clinical attachment levels and bleeding on probing were assessed at baseline, days 30 and 90. Mixed linear models were used for the analysis and comparison of experimental groups.ResultsMean GI at baseline remained unchanged throughout study (90 days) only in the 12‐hr group (0.7 ± 0.1 versus 0.8 ± 0.1; p < .05). At the end of study, mean GI was significantly increased in the 48‐hr group over that in the 12‐ and 24‐hr groups. When GI = 2 scores were considered, only the 48‐hr group failed to maintain gingival health throughout the study (18.8%).ConclusionSPC performed at a 12‐ or 24‐hr frequency appears sufficient to controlling gingival inflammation whereas this clinical status was not maintained using a 48‐hr frequency in subjects with a history of periodontitis subject to a routine periodontal maintenance program (ClinicalTrials.gov: 50208115.9.0000.5346).
Experimental evidence for accelerated adaptation to desiccation through sexual selection on males
Authors: Gibson Vega Aline , Kennington W. Jason , Tomkins Joseph L. , Dugand Robert J. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe impact of sexual selection on the adaptive process remains unclear. On the one hand, sexual selection might hinder adaptation by favouring costly traits and preferences that reduce nonsexual fitness. On the other hand, condition dependence of success in sexual selection may accelerate adaptation. Here, we used replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster to artificially select on male desiccation resistance while manipulating the opportunity for precopulatory sexual selection in a factorial design. Following five generations of artificial selection, we measured the desiccation resistance of males and females to test whether the addition of sexual selection accelerated adaptation. We found a significant interaction between the effects of natural selection and sexual selection: desiccation resistance was highest in populations where sexual selection was allowed to operate. Despite only selecting on males, we also found a correlated response in females. These results provide empirical support for the idea that sexual selection can accelerate the rate of adaptation.
“I Embrace You with the Affection and Loyalty of Always”: Personalism and Exchange in Argentine Populism
Authors: Fierman Julia 
Published: April 2020

ResumenEste artículo examina una acusación de traición dentro del Movimiento Kirchnerista de Argentina, en los meses previos a las elecciones presidenciales de 2015. La presidenta, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, líder del Frente para el Partido de la Victoria, no podía postularse para la presidencia después de servir dos mandatos consecutivos. Para evitar una elección primaria disputada, le pide un favor a su querido asesor, Florencio Randazzo, quien, a su vez, se niega a llevarlo a cabo. La negativa de Randazzo es considerada como una traición abyecta por muchos kirchneristas. Asimismo, muchos kirchneristas simpatizan con la situación de Randazzo, creyendo que Kirchner había maltratado a su leal funcionario y no lo contrario. La valorización de la lealtad de ambas partes inevitablemente conduce a una obsesiva preocupación por la traición. Apelando a las teorías de reciprocidad e intercambio para investigar la dinámica tensa entre la jerarquía y el igualitarismo en la política kirchnerista, este artículo muestra cómo las diferentes interpretaciones de las acciones de Randazzo y Kirchner exponen la lealtad y la camaradería populistas al ser inherentemente precarias.