bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel mixed living high training low intervention and the hematological module of the athlete biological passport
Authors: Voss Sven Christian , Al‐Hamad Khalifa , Samsam Waseem , Cherif Anissa , Georgakopoulos Costas , Al Maadheed Mohammed , Balanos George , Lucas Sam , Sottas Pierre‐Edouard , Wilson Mathew , Townsend Nathan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractExposure to either natural or simulated hypoxia induces hematological adaptations that may affect the parameters of the Athlete Biological Passport (ABP). The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of a novel, mixed hypoxic dose protocol on the likelihood of producing an atypical ABP finding. Ten well‐trained middle‐distance runners participated in a “live high, train low and high” (LHTLH) altitude training camp for 14 days. The participants spent ˜6 hr.d‐1 at 3000–5400 m during waking hours and ˜10 h.d‐1 overnight at 2400–3000 m simulated altitude. Venous blood samples were collected before (B0), and after 1 (D1), 4 (D4), 7 (D7), and 14 (D14) days of hypoxic exposure, and again 14 days post exposure (P14). Samples were analyzed for key parameters of the ABP including reticulocyte percentage (Ret%), hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), and the OFF‐score. The ABP adaptive model was administered at a specificity of 99% to test for atypical findings. We found significant changes in [Hb] and Ret% during the hypoxic intervention. Consequently, this led to ABP threshold deviations at 99% specificity in three participants. Only one of these was flagged as an “atypical passport finding” (ATPF) due to deviation of the OFF‐score. When this sample was evaluated by ABP experts it was considered “normal”. In conclusion, it is highly unlikely that the present hypoxic exposure protocol would have led to a citation for a doping violation according to WADA guidelines.
Predation of potential insect pests in oil palm plantations, rubber tree plantations, and fruit orchards
Authors: Denan Nuradilah , Wan Zaki Wan Mamat , Norhisham Ahmad R. , Sanusi Ruzana , Nasir Dzulhelmi Muhammad , Nobilly Frisco , Ashton‐Butt Adham , Lechner Alex M. , Azhar Badrul 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn human‐modified landscapes, important ecological functions such as predation are negatively affected by anthropogenic activities, including the use of pesticides and habitat degradation. Predation of insect pests is an indicator of healthy ecosystem functioning, which provides important ecosystem services, especially for agricultural systems. In this study, we compare predation attempts from arthropods, mammals, and birds on artificial caterpillars in the understory, between three tropical agricultural land‐use types: oil palm plantations, rubber tree plantations, and fruit orchards. We collected a range of local and landscape‐scale data including undergrowth vegetation structure; elevation; proximity to forest; and canopy cover in order to understand how environmental variables can affect predation. In all three land‐use types, our results showed that arthropods and mammals were important predators of artificial caterpillars and there was little predation by birds. We did not find any effect of the environmental variables on predation. There was an interactive effect between land‐use type and predator type. Predation by mammals was considerably higher in fruit orchards and rubber tree than in oil palm plantations, likely due to their ability to support higher abundances of insectivorous mammals. In order to maintain or enhance natural pest control in these common tropical agricultural land‐use types, management practices that benefit insectivorous animals should be introduced, such as the reduction of pesticides, improvement of understory vegetation, and local and landscape heterogeneity.
Born globals from emerging economies: Reconciling early exporting with theories of internationalization
Authors: McCormick Marleen , Somaya Deepak 
Published: December 2019

AbstractResearch SummaryWhat explains born global firms who internationalize very early through exports, when theories of internationalization recommend they focus on domestic markets first? While prior research suggests a number of factors that enable exporting by new ventures, empirical tests of these theories have not evaluated if these factors uniquely explain new venture exporting. We propose and empirically test hypotheses that exporting by young (relative to established) emerging‐economy firms increases when they tap into the drivers of modern globalization (Internet technologies, global talent flows) and overcome home‐country institutional constraints (government inefficiencies, location), all of which have bigger impacts on exporting by young firms than established ones. Understanding these unique drivers of born global emerging‐economy firms is critical for reconciling this phenomenon with traditional theories of firm internationalization.Managerial SummaryOur research finds that exporting by young firms are enabled to a greater extent (than established firms) when they use Internet technologies and tap into mobile talent (such as cross‐national entrepreneurs and leaders with international experience), which helps to overcome key constraints in tapping into international markets. We also found that young firms overcome home‐country institutional and infrastructure deficiencies in emerging economies, specifically, by receiving efficient government services and strategically locating in well‐resourced centers such as capital cities, which helps them more in exporting as compared to established firms. Our findings help to explain the modern phenomenon of “born global” firms, who have broken away from the traditional path of focusing first on domestic markets and then engaging in incremental international expansion.A video abstract is available at https://youtu.be/QPIR0CRazgw.
A novel region‐based multimodal image fusion technique using improved dictionary learning
Authors: Meher Bikash , Agrawal Sanjay , Panda Rutuparna , Dora Lingraj , Abraham Ajith 
Published: December 2019

AbstractRecently, the sparse representation (SR) based algorithms have gained much attention from the researchers in the area of image fusion (IF). The building of a compact discriminative dictionary plays a vital role in the sparse‐based IF techniques. In this context, an efficient multimodal IF method based on improved dictionary learning is investigated. The key contributions of this paper are: (a) An improved KSVD algorithm is suggested for the dictionary learning process, (b) to reduce the computational time, only the informative patches are selected using energy feature, and (c) a novel region‐based fusion scheme is suggested for the first time for the problem on hand. The suggested technique is tested with a number of multimodal images from Harvard Medical School brain database. The results are compared with state‐of‐the‐art multiscale transform‐based methods and modified SR‐based methods. Unlike earlier methods, our proposed technique generates an adaptive dictionary through selection of informative patches only. This results in a compact dictionary with improved computational efficiency. The experimental results reveal that our approach outperforms other methods. The potential application of the suggested method could be in pathological images for follow‐up study and better treatment planning.
Chromogranin A in the early steps of the neurosecretory pathway
Authors: Laguerre Fanny , Anouar Youssef , Montero‐Hadjadje Maité 
Published: December 2019

AbstractChromogranin A (CgA) is a soluble glycoprotein stored with hormones and neuropeptides in secretory granules (SG) of most (neuro)endocrine cells and neurons. Since its discovery in 1967, many studies have reported its structural characteristics, biological roles, and mechanisms of action. Indeed, CgA is both a precursor of various biologically active peptides and a granulogenic protein regulating the storage and secretion of hormones and neuropeptides. This review emphasizes the findings and theoretical concepts around the CgA‐linked molecular machinery controlling hormone/neuropeptide aggregation and the interaction of CgA‐hormone/neuropeptide aggregates with the trans‐Golgi membrane to allow hormone/neuropeptide targeting and SG biogenesis. We will also discuss the intriguing alteration of CgA expression and secretion in various neurological disorders, which could provide insights to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these pathophysiological conditions.
ZnO nanorods as efficient catalyst for the green synthesis of thiophene derivatives: Investigation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity
Authors: Hamedani Naghmeh Faal , Ghazvini Maryam , Sheikholeslami‐Farahani Fatemeh , Bagherian‐Jamnani Mohammad Taghi 
Published: December 2019

AbstractIn this work, thiophene derivatives were synthesized in good yields via multicomponent reaction of isoquinoline, alkyl bromides, activated acetylenic compounds, isothiocyanates, and catalytic amounts of ZnO nanorods (NRs) at room temperature under solvent‐free conditions. This procedure for the synthesis of thiophene derivatives is green, easy, and simple with excellent yield. In addition, DPPH radical scavenging and ferric reduction power experiment has been studied for the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of some prepared thiophenes, for example, 5b, 5d, 5e, and 5f. As outcome, the compound 5d exhibited a noteworthy radical trapping activity and excellent reducing ability than synthetic antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and 2‐tertbutylhydroquinone (TBHQ). Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of some synthesized thiophenes was confirmed by employing the disk diffusion test on Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. The obtained results of disk diffusion test showed that compounds 5b, 5d, 5e, and 5f prevented bacterial growth.
Ligandless, deep eutectic solvent‐based ultrasound‐assisted dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction with solidification of the aqueous phase for preconcentration of lead, cadmium, cobalt and nickel in water samples
Authors: Werner Justyna 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA green and efficient sample preparation method using a deep eutectic solvent‐based ultrasounds‐assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with solidification of the aqueous phase followed by high performance liquid chromatography analysis was developed for preconcentration and determination of heavy metals in environmental samples. In the proposed method, a novel, low density deep eutectic solvent was prepared by mixing trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride and thiosalicylic acid at a molar ratio of 1:2 and used both as an extractant and complexing agent. Ultrasound was used to disperse the extractant in the aqueous phase of the sample. Then, the phases were separated by centrifugation, after which the aqueous phase was frozen and the surface extractant phase was dissolved in a small volume of acetonitrile and subjected to liquid chromatographic analysis. The proposed method provided precisions (relative standard deviation, n = 5) in the range of 2.6–4.7%. The limit of detection were 0.05, 0.13, 0.06, and 0.11 µg/L for Pb(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Ni(II), respectively. The enhancement factors were equal to 154, 159, 162, and 158 for lead(II), cadmium(II), cobalt(II), and nickel(II), respectively. The accuracy of the proposed method was evaluated using certified reference materials (CA011b – hard drinking water, NIST 1643e – trace elements in water, TMRAIN‐04 – simulated rain sample).
Action research on neonatal nursing staff: Experiences caring for bubble continuous positive airway pressure patients
Authors: Lu Ming‐Huei , Li I‐Chuan 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe objective of this study was to understand the experiences of special care nursery (SCN) nurses tending patients on bubble continuous positive airway pressure (bCPAP). The action research (AR) method with focus group interview was used, and five focus‐group interviews were conducted between November 2015 and January 2016. Twenty SCN nurses who had cared neonates on bCPAP for at least one shift were recruited and interviewed. Six themes were revealed in two stages. The first stage was “experience of change,” three themes evolved: “resistance to change,” “lack of confidence on new care model,” and “request administrative supports and resources from the hospital level.” The second stage was “willing to take challenge,” three themes evolved: “pursuit of proficiency in bCPAP care,” “mastering bPCAP: acquiring self‐efficacy, becoming competent, and collaborating as a team,” and “the development of creative care methods.” In the future when confronted with nurses resisting to new policies or changes, administrators should embrace their emotions, address their insecurity and fear, and provide adequate training to improve confidence through familiarity. Application of this model can help with policy implementation, thereby improving the overall caring quality.
Meta‐Analysis of Copper and Iron in Parkinson's Disease Brain and Biofluids
Authors: Genoud Sian , Senior Alistair M. , Hare Dominic J. , Double Kay L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractBackgroundVariations in study quality and design complicate interpretation of the clinical significance of consistently reported changes in copper and iron levels in human Parkinson's disease brain and biofluids.MethodsWe systematically searched literature databases for quantitative reports of biometal levels in the degenerating substantia nigra (SN), CSF, serum, and plasma in Parkinson's disease compared with healthy age‐matched controls and assessed the quality of these publications. The primary outcomes of our analysis confirmed SN copper and iron levels are decreased and increased, respectively, in the Parkinson's disease brain. We applied a novel Quality Assessment Scale for Human Tissue to categorize the quality of individual studies and investigated the effects of study quality on our outcomes. We undertook a random‐effects meta‐analysis and meta‐regression subgroup analysis.ResultsIn the 18 eligible studies identified (211 Parkinson's disease, 215 control cases), SN copper levels were significantly lower (d, ‐2.00; 95% CI, ‐2.81 to ‐1.19; P < 0.001), and iron levels were significantly higher (d, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.38–2.24; P < 0.01) in Parkinson's disease. No changes were detected in CSF, serum, or plasma for any metals (29 studies; 2443 Parkinson's disease and 2183 control cases) except serum iron, which was lower in Parkinson's disease (14 studies; 1177 Parkinson's disease and 1447 control cases).ConclusionsReductions in copper levels and elevations in iron were confirmed as characteristic of the degenerating SN of Parkinson's disease. Iron in serum was also changed, but in the opposite direction to that in the SN and to a lesser extent. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Intraclass correlations of seizure duration by wavelet transform, sample entropy, and visual determination in electroconvulsive therapy
Authors: Azuma Hideki , Ogawa Haruka , Suzuki Erina , Akechi Tatsuo 
Published: December 2019

AbstractAlthough electroconvulsive therapy seizure duration has been shown to have limited relevance to efficacy, seizure duration remains important for clinically valid stimulus efficiency. There has been no report on seizure duration using sample entropy with Thymatron (Somatics, Inc), which is widely used in Japan. Furthermore, wavelet transform analysis is also suitable for a seizure because of the wide range of dominant frequencies. Therefore, in this study with Thymatron, the intraclass correlations of seizure duration determined by sample entropy, wavelet transform, and visual determination were investigated to determine whether these methods were applicable for clinical use. Wavelet transform, sample entropy, and the human rater had high intraclass correlations for seizure duration. The present results indicate that wavelet transform and sample entropy can be useful in the clinical electroconvulsive therapy setting, and they may also be suitable for clinical research into the mechanisms of the generalized tonic‐clonic seizures related to the efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy.
Differential Effects of Diet and Weight on Taste Responses in Diet‐Induced Obese Mice
Authors: Ahart Zachary C. , Martin Laura E. , Kemp Bailey R. , Dutta Banik Debarghya , Roberts Stefan G. E. , Torregrossa Ann‐Marie , Medler Kathryn F. 
Published: December 2019

ObjectivePrevious studies have reported that individuals with obesity have reduced taste perception, but the relationship between obesity and taste is poorly understood. Earlier work has demonstrated that diet‐induced obesity directly impairs taste. Currently, it is not clear whether these changes to taste are due to obesity or to the high‐fat diet exposure. The goal of the current study was to determine whether diet or excess weight is responsible for the taste deficits induced by diet‐induced obesity.MethodsC57BL/6 mice were placed on either high‐fat or standard chow in the presence or absence of captopril. Mice on captopril did not gain weight when exposed to a high‐fat diet. Changes in the responses to different taste stimuli were evaluated using live cell imaging, brief‐access licking, immunohistochemistry, and real‐time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsDiet and weight gain each affected taste responses, but their effects varied by stimulus. Two key signaling proteins, α‐gustducin and phospholipase Cβ2, were significantly reduced in the mice on the high‐fat diet with and without weight gain, identifying a potential mechanism for the reduced taste responsiveness to some stimuli.ConclusionsOur data indicate that, for some stimuli, diet alone can cause taste deficits, even without the onset of obesity.
Genetic syndromes associated with isolated fetal growth restriction
Authors: Meler Eva , Sisterna Silvina , Borrell Antoni 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEarly onset fetal growth restriction (FGR) may be due to impaired placentation, environmental or toxic exposure, congenital infections or genetic abnormalities.Remarkable research, mainly based on retrospective series, has been published on the diverse genetic causes. Those have become more and more relevant with the improvement in the accuracy of the analysis techniques and the rising of breakthrough genomewide methods such as the whole genome sequencing.However, no publication has presented an integrated view of management of those fetuses with an early and severe affection.In this review, we explored to which extent genetic syndromes can cause FGR fetuses without structural defects. The most common chromosomal abnormalities (Triploidies and Trisomy 18), submicroscopic chromosomal anomalies (22q11.2 microduplication syndrome) and single gene disorders (often associated with mild ultrasound findings) related to early and severe FGR had been analysed. Finally, we addressed the impact of epigenetic marks on fetal growth, a matter of growing importance.At the end of this review, we should be able to provide an adequate counseling to parents in terms of diagnosis, prognosis and management of those pregnancies.
Developing a revised definition of the Bobath concept: Phase three
Authors: Vaughan‐Graham Julie , Cheryl Cott , Holland Ann , Michielsen Marc , Magri Alba , Suzuki Mitsuo , Brooks Dina 
Published: December 2019

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a revised definition of the Bobath concept that incorporates the perspectives of members of the International Bobath Instructors Training Association (IBITA).MethodsA three‐phase consensus building design utilizing (i) focus groups; (ii) survey methods; and, (iii) real‐time Delphi. This paper presents the findings from the real‐time Delphi, an iterative process to collect and synthesize expert opinions anonymously, provide controlled feedback, with the overall goal of achieving consensus.ResultsOne hundred and twenty‐one IBITA members participated in the real‐time Delphi. Over three Delphi Rounds, consensus was reached on six overarching conceptual statements and 11 statements representing unique aspects of Bobath clinical practice. One statement that aimed to describe the Bobath clinical term of “placing” was eliminated in Round One due to participant reservations that a text description was insufficient for this term. Seven statements underwent minor wording revisions in Round Two and Three to improve sentence clarity.ConclusionUsing the real‐time Delphi, we were successful in gaining consensus in an expert group on a series of statements on which a revised definition of the Bobath concept could be based.
Modeling beta‐sheet peptide‐protein interactions: Rosetta FlexPepDock in CAPRI rounds 38‐45
Authors: Khramushin Alisa , Marcu Orly , Alam Nawsad , Shimony Orly , Padhorny Dzmitry , Brini Emiliano , Dill Ken A. , Vajda Sandor , Kozakov Dima , Schueler‐Furman Ora 
Published: December 2019

AbstractPeptide‐protein docking is challenging due to the considerable conformational freedom of the peptide. CAPRI rounds 38‐45 included two peptide‐protein interactions, both characterized by a peptide forming an additional beta strand of a beta sheet in the receptor. Using the Rosetta FlexPepDock peptide docking protocol we generated top‐performing, high‐accuracy models for targets 134 and 135, involving an interaction between a peptide derived from L‐MAG with DLC8. In addition, we were able to generate the only medium‐accuracy models for a particularly challenging target, T121. In contrast to the classical peptide‐mediated interaction, in which receptor side chains contact both peptide backbone and side chains, beta‐sheet complementation involves a major contribution to binding by hydrogen bonds between main chain atoms. To establish how binding affinity and specificity are established in this special class of peptide‐protein interactions, we extracted PeptiDBeta, a benchmark of solved structures of different protein domains that are bound by peptides via beta‐sheet complementation, and tested our protocol for global peptide‐docking PIPER‐FlexPepDock on this dataset. We find that the beta‐strand part of the peptide is sufficient to generate approximate and even high resolution models of many interactions, but inclusion of adjacent motif residues often provides additional information necessary to achieve high resolution model quality.
Theoretical study on alkaloid encapsulating via cyclopentano‐cucurbit[n]uril (n = 8, 10)/graphene oxide heterojunction
Authors: Mehranfar Aliyeh , Izadyar Mohammad 
Published: December 2019

AbstractHere, physical chemistry properties of the inclusion complexes of some alkaloids and cyclopentano‐cucurbit[8, 10]urils (Cy‐CB[8, 10]) were investigated via molecular dynamic (MD) simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The possibility of the heterojunction formation between cyclopentano‐cucurbit[8, 10]urils and graphene oxide was investigated via MD simulation. Based on the results, an effective role of graphene oxide on the encapsulation complex formation, especially in the presence of codeine and morphine was confirmed. DFT (M06‐2X) and DFT‐D3 (M06‐2X‐D3) functionals were applied for geometry optimization of the complexes. To have an insight into the atomic level, different analyses, such as natural bond orbital and quantum theory of atoms in molecule analyses were applied and discussed. DFT results confirm that Cy‐CB[8] makes a stronger interaction with alkaloids in comparison with Cy‐CB[10]. Thermodynamic studies show that the complexation process of codeine inside Cy‐CB[n] is more favorable than other complexes. Moreover, energy analysis showed that the van der Walls part plays an important role in alkaloid stabilization inside the Cy‐CB[n] cavity.