bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterojunctions for Photocatalytic Wastewater Treatment: Positive Holes, Hydroxyl Radicals and Activation Mechanism under UV and Visible Light
Authors: Pinedo Escobar José Alfonso , Moctezuma Edgar , Serrano Rosales Benito 
Published: February 2020

AbstractForming heterojunctions by coupling two or more semiconductors is an important strategy to develop stable and efficient photocatalysts able to operate both under near-UV and visible light. Five novel heterojunction systems were synthesized in the present study, using a modified sol-gel method: Bi2Mo3O12/TiO2, ZnFe2O4/TiO2, FeTiO3/TiO2, WO3(US)/TiO2 and WO3/TiO2. These heterojunction semiconductors were characterized by using XRD, SEM and EDX, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and BET. Their photocatalytic activities were evaluated using methyl orange (MO) degradation under both near-UV and visible light. From the various heterojunctions developed, the WO3(US)/TiO2 photocatalyst was the one that showed the highest photocatalytic efficiency with this being assigned to the formation of a double heterojunction involving anatase, rutile and monoclinic WO3 phases. On this basis, a photocatalyst activation mechanism applicable to near-UV and visible light irradiation was proposed. This mechanism explains how the photogenerated electrons (e–) and positive holes (h+) can be transferred to the various phases. As a result, and given the reduced holes and electron recombination surface, hydroxyl radicals found were more abundant. To confirm this assumption, hole formation in the valence band was studied, using hole-scavenging reactions involving ion iodine (I–), while hydroxyl radical production used fluorescence spectroscopy.
Unsteady Self-similar Flow over an Impulsively Started Shrinking Sheet: Flow Augmentation with No Separation
Authors: Mehmood Ahmer , Dastgir Tabassum Ghulam , Usman Muhammad , Dar Aman-ullah 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The unsteady self-similar flow due to a permeable shrinking sheet is analyzed in this investigation. The current theoretical study is enacted in the light of correct self-similar formulation proposed by (Mehmood. A. Viscous flows: Stretching and shrinking of surfaces, Springer, 2017). For the existence of a meaningful solution the retarded boundary-layer developed due to retarded shrinking wall velocity

u
w

x

=

±
x

t

\left( {{u_w}\left( x \right) = {{ \pm x} \over t}} \right)

is supported by the sufficient mass suction introduced at the shrinking surface. Main theme of this paper is to utilize the correct mathematical formulation for the shrinking sheet flow in order to investigate the existence of dual solutions of the considered problem. By using suitable self-similar transformations, the nonlinear Navier–Stokes equations are converted to corresponding non-linear ordinary differential equations. A reliable numerical technique (shooting method) is applied to solve the resulting ODEs for the involved physical parameters. Particular to this problem, it is observed that a sufficient amount of wall suction is mandatory

S
<

S
c

;

S
c

≤
0

\left( {S \lt {S_c}; {S_c} \le 0} \right)

for the existence of meaningful solutions; and also the solutions are non-unique. As the magnitude of wall suction is reduced (i. e.

S
→

S
c

S \to {S_c}

) the solution seizes to exist by having non-zero coefficient of wall skin-friction, reflecting the absence of any flow separation. On the other hand, a stronger flow augmentation is noted for the increasing values of the wall suction parameter

S

S

. The results are presented through graphs as well as in tabulated form. It is noticed that dual solutions exist for sufficiently large magnitude of the suction parameter

S

>

S
c

\left( { \left| S \right| \gt \left| {{S_c}} \right| } \right)

.
Réévaluer le conflit diglossique en Corse: apports et dépassements de la sociolinguistique du conflit
Authors: Colonna Romain 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis article attempts to establish the important links between Corsican sociolinguistics and Catalan sociolinguistics. To this end, it returns to the main characteristics of Catalan sociolinguistics through the notion of “diglossia” and “language conflict” it generates, notions that have largely fed minority studies. Moreover, the terms of the famous Catalan dilemma are clearly stated by the substitution of the dominated language or its normalization as inevitable outcomes of linguistic conflict. The reflection tries to establish the parallels between the various situations and the passage from the Catalan elaboration of a conceptual tooling in a situation of domination to the Corsican sociolinguistic and political fields. Finally, we propose to re-evaluate the initial Catalan conceptual framework in order to better adapt it to the Corsican situation, notably by showing some limits of this framework in terms of diglossic polarities and representations.
Intentionality, scalar change, and non-culmination in Korean caused change-of-state predicates
Authors: Beavers John , Lee Juwon 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper investigates the interpretations of caused change-of-state predicates in Korean, and in particular non-culmination readings in which the result state inherent to the meaning of the predicate fails to obtain either fully (zero result) or partially. We argue that zero result readings require that the subject intended the coming about of the result state, while readings in which some result obtains (partially or completely) lack this entailment. Yet zero result interpretations are not reducible to ‘try’-constructions since the former but not the latter require the direct causation. Furthermore, zero result readings arise only in active voice, a grammatical constraint not explicitly discussed for other languages. We argue that the full suite of possible readings arises from two factors: a sublexical modality over worlds conforming to the agent’s intentions for zero result readings that arises from a special active voice inflection in Korean and a scalar semantics for change-of-state verbs that derives partial result readings as a type of degree achievement interpretation. An interaction of these two factors produce the range of possible readings for Korean change-of-state predicates. Finally, we discuss our account in relation to the Agent Control Hypothesis of Demirdache and Martin (2015) that agentivity properties of the subject are necessary for certain non-culmination readings, and suggest that Korean exemplifies the ACH provided that what counts as “control” includes intentionality.
Nutritional and functional properties of maize-oyster mushroom (Zea mays-Pleurotus ostreatus) based composite flour and its storage stability
Authors: Bamidele Oluwaseun P. , Fasogbon Beatrice M. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The over reliance on starchy foods such as maize flour may lead to protein energy malnutrition (PEM) in children. The enrichment of maize with protein-rich oyster mushroom will improve the nutritional composition of maize flour. This study determined the effects of oyster mushroom flour on nutritional, functional and storage stability properties of composite flour containing maize and oyster mushroom. Oyster mushroom flour was added at 0, 5, 10 and 15% to maize flour. Proximate, functional, minerals, amino acid profile, free fatty acids and peroxide value of the composite flours were determined. An increase in the addition of oyster mushroom flour led to an increase in proximate and the minerals content of the composite flour, but the functional properties decreased. Oyster mushroom flour increased the amino acid profile of the composite flour, with leucine being the highest (26.3 mg/g). The flours were relatively stable (25ºC) during storage. Enriching maize flour with 15% oyster mushroom flour improved the nutritional quality of maize flour which makes the resulting composite flour a better raw material for human consumption.
Joint variable selection and network modeling for detecting eQTLs
Authors: Cao Xuan , Ding Lili , Mersha Tesfaye B. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn this study, we conduct a comparison of three most recent statistical methods for joint variable selection and covariance estimation with application of detecting expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) and gene network estimation, and introduce a new hierarchical Bayesian method to be included in the comparison. Unlike the traditional univariate regression approach in eQTL, all four methods correlate phenotypes and genotypes by multivariate regression models that incorporate the dependence information among phenotypes, and use Bayesian multiplicity adjustment to avoid multiple testing burdens raised by traditional multiple testing correction methods. We presented the performance of three methods (MSSL – Multivariate Spike and Slab Lasso, SSUR – Sparse Seemingly Unrelated Bayesian Regression, and OBFBF – Objective Bayes Fractional Bayes Factor), along with the proposed, JDAG (Joint estimation via a Gaussian Directed Acyclic Graph model) method through simulation experiments, and publicly available HapMap real data, taking asthma as an example. Compared with existing methods, JDAG identified networks with higher sensitivity and specificity under row-wise sparse settings. JDAG requires less execution in small-to-moderate dimensions, but is not currently applicable to high dimensional data. The eQTL analysis in asthma data showed a number of known gene regulations such as STARD3, IKZF3 and PGAP3, all reported in asthma studies. The code of the proposed method is freely available at GitHub (https://github.com/xuan-cao/Joint-estimation-for-eQTL).
A case of primary central nervous system lymphoma mimic neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Sheng Xixi , Xu Mingwei , Li Xia 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is rare. And the symptoms of PCNSL are atypical, it is extremely easy to be misdiagnosed as other diseases. However, early treatment is crucial which is requesting early diagnosis. We report a case of a 47-year-old man who was initially diagnosed as neuromyelitis optica (NMO) on the basis of clinical findings, slightly high Aquaporin4 (AQP4) (1:10) and high signals of magnetic resonance imaging. Though his symptoms progressively improved after steroid pulse treatment, but worse when steroid was decreased to 40 mg per day. We considered the patient should be diagnosed as PCNSL. After the examination of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and positron emission tomography (PET), the results indicated PCNSL was most possible. Therefore we gave him stereotactic biopsy of deep of supratentorial, which showed non-Hodgkin malignant B-cell lymphoma.
Specifics Legal Regulation Of The Activity Of Historical And Cultural Institutions
Authors: Stratiuk O.M. 
Published: February 2020

The article deals with scientific views on the retrospective of legal regulation of historical and cultural institutions as non-entrepreneurial legal entities, as well as their role. The origin, concept, meaning and general features, inherent to this kind of legal entities are investigated.
An analysis of the modern mechanism of legal regulation of historical and cultural institutions in Ukraine is being analyzed.
Fear Of Crime As One Of The Varieties And Non-Material Consequences
Authors: Medytskyi I.B. 
Published: February 2020

The article substantiates the importance of criminological study of the intangible consequences of crime in general, and the fear of crime in particular. The level of fear of crime is an important indicator of the state’s ability to achieve the maximum level of security of the population, directly influencing criminal policy towards enhancing its repressive potential or liberalization.
The basic approaches to the analysis of fear of crime in the modern science of criminology are considered. In the context of the victim approach, the importance of the media in the process of objective and competent informing of the population of crime and its main characteristics, which is accompanied by consequences in the form of increasing / decreasing level of concern / fear of the society against crime, is revealed. The position of «criminological control» over mass communications is supported, which will help to improve victim’s security of citizens. Based on relevant sociological data, it is concluded that the fear of crime, by the importance of the problem for the population, is inferior to the desire to resolve the military conflict in the East of Ukraine and the realization of socio-economic wishes and interests.
Bulling: Legal And Psychological Analysis And Its Prevention
Authors: Petechel O.Yu. 
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the research of contemporary social phenomenon - bullying. The author analyzes notion and features of bullying. A universal classification of types of bullying are proposed in the article. Therefore, a special attention is paid to the ways of prevention of this negative phenomenon. As a result of the study, the author proposes to apply changes to the current legislation in the sphere of counteraction of bullying.
Prosecutor’s Authority To Participate In Criminal Trial In The Form Of Private Prosecution: Ukrainian Legislation, Court Practice, And International Experience
Authors: Basysta I.V. 
Published: February 2020

This publication is the author’s attempt to present to the academic community the objective problems related to a prosecutor’s participation in a criminal trial in the form of the private prosecution, and possible ways and means to resolve them. In particular, the author offers her own approaches towards application by the prosecutor of their function of supporting public prosecution as an activity of exclusively public nature, which allows for the prosecutor’s participation in a criminal trial in the form of the private prosecution; prosecutor’s involvement being inherent to both forms of public- private and public procedural activities.
The article provides arguments supporting the following conclusions:
- as the prosecutor supports private prosecution as well, the functions of supporting public prosecution, as an activity of exclusively public nature, include the prosecutor’s participation in criminal trial of private prosecution;
- in the existing legal framework, both forms of proceedings (private (or, more precisely, public-private) and public) include the prosecutor’s procedural activities, which is proving indictment in the court to secure criminal responsibility of the individual who committed a criminal offence (state prosecution);
- prosecutor’s participation in a criminal trial of private prosecution is mandatory. At that, one should keep in mind the prosecutor’s exceptional powers described in Article 340 of the Criminal Code of Process of Ukraine.
Attorney involvement in the prosecution of private prosecution is mandatory. At the same time, it should be remembered for its exclusive powers under Article 340 of the CPC of Ukraine.
The prosecution’s performance of a procedural obligation to conduct a pretrial investigation of a criminal offense in private prosecution and to support a state prosecution in court is a guarantee of the realization of the principles of equality, competitiveness of the parties and freedom in presenting their evidence to the court and proving their conviction, Article 22 of the CPC of Ukraine.
Content Of The Concept Of Enforcement
Authors: Kokhan N.V. 
Published: February 2020

That is, we can say that the implementation of legal norms is the embodiment of legal norms in the actual activity of enterprises, institutions, organizations, public authorities, officials and citizens.
Classifying the concept of «implementation of the rules of law» by the method of implementation of legal orders, distinguish such forms of their implementation as the use, implementation, observance of direct (ordinary, ordinary) forms of law, ie, those that, first, pass any the process of implementation of the rules of law, and, secondly, that do not require outside intervention, is carried out solely through the own behavior of persons to whom the relevant legal prescriptions are addressed.
The application of law has social and legal functions. Social, economic, political, socio-cultural, cultural and educational functions should be attributed to social functions. Legal and regulatory functions should be attributed to legal. Yes, the legal functions of the application of law take a specific form and are law securing or perform the function of individual legal regulation because they stem from the very nature of the application of law.
Enforcement as a special form of management consists of a set of legal requirements, permits, enforcement acts that are aimed at exercising management through individual decisions, registration of decisions and the organization of implementation of relevant decisions. Thus, the regularization of legal relations is achieved not only through the automatic effect of legal rules, but also through the adoption of acts of enforcement.
Summarizing all of the above, it should be noted that enforcement activities can take place both at the public-governmental level and at the private-legal level. That is, the subjects of the state-level government are: competent state bodies, their officials, as well as authorized by law local self-government bodies, public associations and their officials. The activities of such entities are aimed at establishing mechanisms, rights of guarantees and obligations by which citizens can exercise their rights provided by the Constitution of Ukraine.
In terms of the private-law level of enforcement, it is derived from the previous one. The subject of this level is the employer or its authorized body or person empowered to issue ordinance, local level and employee.
Certain Aspects Of The Subjective Side Of Corpus Delicti, Committed By A Law Enforcement Officer Is Of Criminal Value
Authors: Bahan I.V. 
Published: February 2020

Annotation. Under criminal law, a person can be held liable only when he or she commits a socially dangerous act. Liability only in the presence of guilt is one of the most important principles of criminal law that underlies it. At the present stage of the development of our society, the need for strict adherence to the principle of the presumption of innocence and, at the same time, the inevitability of criminal responsibility for the perpetration of a socially dangerous act, is growing significantly. Adherence to these principles in the activities of pre-trial investigation bodies and the court will contribute to the protection of citizens’ constitutional rights and freedoms, and the correct determination of the subjective side of the crime is crucial in this respect.
The subjective side of a crime is the inner side of a crime, that is, the mental activity of a person, which reflects the attitude of his / her consciousness and will to the socially dangerous act he / she commits and to its consequences.
The value of the subjective side lies in the fact that due to its correct definition, the proper qualification of the act and its delimitation from other crimes is carried out, the degree of public danger of the act and the person who committed it is established, and the possibility of his/her release from criminal responsibility and punishment is resolved.
The article is devoted to the investigation of the subjective side of the corpus delicti, committed by law enforcement officer is of criminal value, disclosure of its essence and content.
Characteristics of the subjective side of crimes, committed by a law enforcement officer is of criminal value, in particular, guilt, motive, purpose of this category of crimes are characterized. Conclusions are made and proposals are formulated for improving the relevant criminal law provisions; various scientific researches related to this topic are examined.
The Grounds Of European Criminal Procedure Policy In The Field Of Cyberjustice
Authors: Mykytyn Yu.I. 
Published: February 2020

The grounds of the European criminal procedure policy in the field of cyberjustice are analyzed in the article. The principles, tasks, expected results of the implementation of the cyberjustice, the basic approach to its implementation have been researched.
The foundations of the European criminal procedure policy in the field of cyberjusticehave been introduced mainly in the acts of the European Council since 2011. Nowadays, the main source of European law in this field is the Guidelines on Cyberjustice of 14 June 2019, which are universal in nature, as they relate to various types of court proceedings, including criminal proceedings. Improving the quality of justice and taking an individual approach to the needs of the judiciary are key principles in building of cyberjustice. The main tasks, expected results of the implementation of cyberjustice, basic approaches to the implementation of the project have been definedat the model level.
In order to implement the identified principles and achieve the expected results, the Guidelines on Cyberjusticeidentify two possible approaches forcreation of cyber justice: 1) centralized approach. A single authority manages at the national level. Such body could be the Ministry of Justice or the State Judicial Administration in Ukraine; 2) decentralized approach. Courts, prosecutors’ offices possesstheir own data centers and use software and data on their own. At the same time, the information should be systematically transmitted to the appropriate central authority.
The article summarizes that 1) the foundations of European criminal justice policy in the field of cyber justice are enshrined, mainly, in Council of Europe acts since 2011; 2) Currently, the main source of European law in this area is the Guidelines on Cyber Justice of 14 June 2019, which are universal in nature as they relate to various types of justice, including criminal proceedings; 4) The key principles of cyber justice are to improve the quality of justice and to take an individual approach to the needs of the judiciary; 5) defines the main tasks, expected results of implementation of cyber justice, basic approaches to its implementation at the model level.