bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Providing culturally safe care to Indigenous people living with diabetes: Identifying barriers and enablers from different perspectives
Authors: Tremblay Marie‐Claude , Bradette‐Laplante Maude , Witteman Holly O. , Dogba Maman Joyce , Breault Pascale , Paquette Jean‐Sébastien , Careau Emmanuelle , Echaquan Sandro 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn recent years, cultural safety has been proposed as a transformative approach to health care allowing improved consideration of Indigenous patient needs, expectations, rights and identities. This community‐based participatory study aimed to identify potential barriers and enablers to cultural safety in health care provided to Atikamekw living with diabetes in Québec, Canada. Based on a qualitative descriptive design, the study uses talking circles as a data collection strategy. Three talking circles were conducted with Atikamekw living with diabetes and caregivers, as well as with health professionals of the family medicine teaching clinic providing services to the community. Two team members performed deductive thematic analysis based on key dimensions of cultural safety. Results highlight four categories of barriers and enablers to cultural safety for Atikamekw living with diabetes, related to social determinants of health (including colonialism), health services organization, language and communication, as well as Atikamekw traditional practices and cultural perspectives of health. This study is one of the few that provides concrete suggestions to address key aspects of diabetes care in a culturally respectful way. Our findings indicate that potential enablers of cultural safety reside at different (from individual to structural) levels of change. Solutions in this matter will require strong political will and policy support to ensure intervention sustainability.Patient or public contributionPartners and patients have been involved in identifying the need for this study, framing the research question, developing the data collection tools, recruiting participants and interpreting results.
Clinicopathological and molecular characterisation of papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity and its renal papillary adenoma analogue
Authors: Chang Hsin‐Yi , Hang Jen‐Fan , Wu Chih‐Ying , Lin Tzu‐Ping , Chung Hsiao‐Jen , Chang Yen‐Hwa , Pan Chin‐Chen 
Published: December 2020

AimsPapillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity (PRNRP) is a newly defined entity with distinct histomorphology and recurrent KRAS mutation. It has been estimated to constitute 4% of previously diagnosed papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC). Renal papillary adenoma (PA) is suggested to be the precursor of PRCC. This study aimed to investigate the association between PRNRP and PA, particularly the morphologically similar type D PA.Methods and resultsNephrectomy specimens of PRCC and PA from our 10‐year pathology archives were retrieved and reviewed. GATA3 immunohistochemistry and RAS/BRAF testing were performed in all cases reclassified as PRNRP and all PAs with sufficient materials. Overall, PRNRP accounted for 9.1% (10 of 110) of PRCC and there was no recurrence/metastasis with a mean follow‐up period of 39 months. Three novel morphological features were described, including clear cell change, mast cell infiltration and metaplastic ossification. Nine of the 10 PRNRPs showed diffuse and strong GATA3 expression and KRAS missense mutations at codon 12. One case exhibited moderate GATA3 staining on 80% of the tumour cells and RAS/BRAF wild‐type. In a total of 73 PAs, 11 were classified as type D. GATA3 expression was significantly more frequent in type D versus non‐type D PAs (100 versus 35%, P < 0.01). KRAS missense mutations were identified in six of eight (75%) of the type D PAs but none of the 18 non‐type D PAs.ConclusionsType D PA was different from other types of PA and represented an analogue or a small‐sized PRNRP for their identical morphology, immunophenotype and molecular signature.
Return to learn: An ethnographic study of adolescent young adults returning to school post‐concussion
Authors: Wan Anna N. , Nasr Annette S. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackground and purposeThe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that 3.8 million concussions occur in the United States each year. Concussion symptoms can negatively impact the academic performance of adolescents after they return to school. The purpose of this study was to better understand the perceptions of parent‐adolescent dyads as male and female adolescents returned to learn after sustaining a concussion.MethodsA qualitative ethnographic study of 10, English‐speaking, parent–adolescent dyads was conducted, following the adolescents return to school after a recent concussion. Dyads were recruited from a Concussion Clinic in Menlo Park, California between October 2018 and October 2019. Adolescents were aged 14–16 years old. Each dyad participated in a semistructured interview. Interviews were subsequently transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. This qualitative study design utilised COREQ (File S1). This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and ethics committee.ConclusionsThree categories were identified: adolescents feeling misunderstood by school staff about their injuries, adolescents feeling overwhelmed by their injuries, and academic accommodations lacking clarity and implementation. The overarching theme that emerged was clear: Parents and adolescents lacked consistent guidelines for the adolescents’ return to learn after a concussion.Relevance to Clinical PracticePost‐concussion syndrome as a result of head injury is a complex condition that requires a multidisciplinary approach to treatment. This treatment should be individualised and appropriately adjusted to provide the adolescent with the most optimal environment for recovery. This study provides data to suggest that more guidance from the medical provider or treatment team is needed for teachers and school administrators in order to create an ideal return to learn environment for the adolescent who is recovering from a head injury.
Does enteral zinc supplementation improve growth and clinical outcome in preterm babies <37 weeks?
Authors: Tee Pei Sen 
Published: December 2020

AimTo review the literature of the benefits of enteral zinc supplementation in preterm population <37 weeks to improve growth and clinical outcome.MethodsPubMed database was searched for relevant articles. Studies not in English were excluded.ResultsA total of 2678 results were identified. Duplicates were removed and titles were screened. References were reviewed to find other papers. Studies which include term infants were not examined although studies involving low birthweight infants with a defined percentage of preterm participants were examined. Thirty‐four studies were subsequently reviewed, and nine studies were included as relevant to structured clinical question.ConclusionThere are various levels of evidence suggesting benefits of enteral zinc supplementation in preterm babies. While the available trial findings are encouraging, there is currently limited evidence to address the effects of zinc supplementation in preterm infants in the setting of their typically long stay in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. A larger multi‐centre trial is required to establish optimal timing of initiation, dosage, duration and its effect on growth, development and acute morbidity and mortality.
Articulating Persian identities between Iran and Israel: On nationality, diasporas, and lived ethnicities in online media
Authors: Yadlin‐Segal Aya 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study focuses on nationality and ethnicity in the context of diaspora and media studies. By exploring the ways members of the Persian community in Israel (migrants from Iran to Israel) negotiate their ethnic Persian identification, I discuss the unique role online spaces play in the community's cultural, political, and social life. I draw on the case study to propose the term “Lived Ethnicity” as a digitally mediated identity construction process that works towards sociopolitical inclusion on two levels. First, as a user‐based participatory process, this type of self‐articulation pushes against cultural and political oppressions on a local–national level, within dominant oppressive discourses of nationality. Second, as a process performed via global online platforms, this type of self‐articulation becomes a unique catalyst for communal expressions that are based on trans‐national cultures and identifications. The study's novelty is its focus on the ways online platforms allow ethno‐national minorities to both subvert oppressive national structures and maintain them, all while taking part in global political and cultural discussions that were relatively closed to them thus far.
The neonatal Fc receptor in mucosal immune regulation
Authors: Aaen Kristin Hovden , Anthi Aina Karen , Sandlie Inger , Nilsen Jeannette , Mester Simone , Andersen Jan Terje 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) was first recognized for its role in transfer of maternal IgG to the foetus or newborn, providing passive immunity early in life. However, it has become clear that the receptor is versatile, widely expressed and plays an indispensable role in both immunological and non‐immunological processes throughout life. The receptor rescues immunoglobulin G (IgG) and albumin from intracellular degradation and shuttles the ligands across polarized cell barriers, in all cases via a pH‐dependent binding‐and‐release mechanism. These processes secure distribution and high levels of both IgG and albumin throughout the body. At mucosal sites, FcRn transports IgG across polarized epithelial cells where it retrieves IgG in complex with luminal antigens that is delivered to tissue‐localized immune cells. In dendritic cells (DCs), FcRn orchestrates processing of IgG‐opsonized immune complexes (ICs) in concert with classical Fcγ receptors, which results in antigen presentation and cross‐presentation of antigenic peptides on MHC class II and I to CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, respectively. Hence, FcRn regulates transport of the ligands within and across different types of cells, but also processing of IgG‐ICs by immune cells. As such, the receptor is involved in immune surveillance and protection against infections. In this brief review, we highlight how FcRn expressed by hematopoietic and non‐hematopoietic cells contributes to immune regulation at mucosal barriers—biology that can be utilized in development of biologics and subunit vaccines for non‐invasive delivery.
Dissociation of humoral and cellular immune responses in kidney transplant recipients with EBV mucocutaneous ulcer
Authors: Isnard Pierre , Bruneau Julie , Sberro‐Soussan Rebecca , Wendum Dominique , Legendre Christophe , Molina Thierry , Chatenoud Lucienne , Hermine Olivier , Rossignol Julien 
Published: December 2020

AbstractEBV‐positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBV‐MCU) is a rare EBV‐positive B‐cell lymphoproliferative disorder occurring in immunocompromised patients such as patients with solid organ or hematopoietic stem cells transplantation. EBV‐MCU often consists of an isolated and circumscribed cutaneous or mucosal ulcerative lesion with a self‐limited growth potential and a high regression rate upon immunosuppressive treatment withdrawal or rituximab therapy. Nevertheless, the pathophysiology of this latent infection leading to clonal lymphoproliferation is not well established. We report here two cases of EBV‐MCU in kidney transplant recipients with a dissociated immune response to EBV with the absence of EBV‐related antibodies and a positive T‐cell response to EBV suggesting a potential specific oncogenic mechanism in this lymphoproliferative disorder.
Design and Construction of a New Haptic Interface
Authors: Kunz Andreas M. , Burri Adrian 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Virtual Reality becomes more and more important within the product development process. It enables the engineer to realize constraints or mistakes in the product design at a very early stage by viewing the digital geometric prototype. Beside viewing the design of a product, additional functionalities like simulation of assembling, the physically correct behavior of a machine or the machine control come into focus of interest. Therefore, the interaction modality of haptic feedback gains more and more importance for simulation tasks in virtual environments. However there are only a few portable haptic interfaces with which the user can experience in a natural way the sensation of force feedback.
The scope of this paper is to present a new passive haptic interface that is lightweight and easy to use. Furthermore it has no constraints in the workspace and applies high forces to the fingertips of the user by blocking the natural grasping.
Functionality to Facilitate Assembly of Heavy Machines in a Virtual Environment
Authors: Taylor Frank , Jayaram S. , Jayaram U. , Mitsui Tatsuki 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
This paper describes a methodology for simulating the virtual assembly of heavy machinery. Heavy machinery or parts are described in this paper as objects too heavy to safely lift with two hands. Virtual assembly of heavy machinery poses special problems that are not seen in assemblies composed of parts easily manipulated with human hands. This paper identifies some of the difficulties associated with real-time virtual assembly of heavy machinery, and proposes methods for addressing these problems. We describe a method for reorganizing the assembly tree outside of traditional CAD systems to better simulate assemblies with numerous parts. This allows the user to control the assembly sequences, which are simulated in the virtual environment without changing the assembly hierarchy of the original CAD model. This paper also proposes methods for simulation of overhead cranes and the physical modeling of crane-part interactions, providing real-time virtual manipulation of heavy objects.
Fast Product Development Capabilities With Efficient Management and Use of Product Requirements
Authors: Ahrens Gritt , Tegel Oliver 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Short time to market is a key for success. Information management in product development is one factor for it’s influence. In this paper, the need for a methodology and an IT support for the collection and management of product requirements from identification of customer demands up to the preparation of the final design documents is highlighted. For this, triggers for time consuming iterations are identified and the basic reasons for iterations determined. The lacks of existing approaches in the U.S. and Germany for collecting and handling requirements are discussed, and an integrated concept for requirements management and an appropriate IT support for it are presented.
Adaptive Process Control and Optimization in Intelligent Manufacturing Systems
Authors: Lin Chang-Pin , Chuang Hsin-Yuan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Modern manufacturing systems have incorporated various “intelligent” decision support techniques and algorithms in the form of rules-based systems which have been promoted extensively because of the recent development in fuzzy inference, artificial neural network, machine learning and optimization algorithms, and etc. The basic elements of a modern manufacturing system include design automation (CAD and CAPP), production automation (CAM and MRP II), and shop floor automation (SFC and FMS), which must then be integrated into a coherent system through information automation (distributed DBMS and workflow automation) to form a fully automated factory. Therefore, considerable amount of rule-based systems have been developed and implemented fully or partially into each of the above areas of automation. To build a robust rule-based system requires a suitable modeling and analysis tool and a systematic design methodology. By incorporating neural network concept and associated learning algorithm, we present in this paper a Petri net based modeling methodology which can be used to design and implement adaptive rule-based systems for control and optimization in intelligent manufacturing systems. Demonstration is done on parametric design and optimization in manufacturing processes.
A Distributed Product Realization Environment for Design and Manufacturing
Authors: Gerhard Jonathan F. , Rosen David , Allen Janet K. , Mistree Farrokh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Increased competition is forcing product realization to change: to become faster and to leverage facilities and expertise, wherever they may be. Geographically distributed engineers must collaboratively develop, build and test solutions to design-manufacture problems to be competitive in the global marketplace. Software systems to support design and manufacturing activities must continuously evolve to accommodate rapid acquisition and use of knowledge throughout a global manufacturing enterprise. Engineers must operate in a distributed system in which separate entities communicate cooperatively — ideas and information requests can be generated anywhere within the system, rapid turn-around is essential, and multiple projects must be handled simultaneously. Thus we want to provide a platform-independent framework to integrate distributed and heterogeneous software resources to support the computationally intensive activities in the product realization process. In this paper, we present a prototype platform-independent framework based on an experimental event-based communications model and describe its usage in a distributed product realization environment, the Rapid Tooling TestBed.
Finding the Maximal Cutter for 2-D Milling Operations
Authors: Yao Zhiyang , Gupta Satyandra K. , Nau Dana S. 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Finding the biggest cutter is expected to help in the selection of the right sets of tools and the right type of cutter trajectories, and thereby ensure high production rate and meet the required quality level. In this paper, we describe a new geometric algorithm to determine the biggest feasible cutter size for 2-D milling operations to be performed using a single cutter. Our algorithm works not only for the common closed pocket problem, but also for the general 2-D milling problems with open edges. In particular:
• We give a general definition of the problem as the task of covering a target region without interfering with an obstruction region. This definition encompasses the task of milling a general 2-D profile that includes both open and closed edges.
• We discuss three alternative definitions of what it means for a cutter to be feasible, and explain which of these definitions is most appropriate for the above problem.
• We present a geometric algorithm for finding the maximal cutter for 2-D milling operations, and we give an outline of a proof that our algorithm is correct.
Feature Validity Maintaining Based on Local Feature Recognition
Authors: Gao Shuming , Chen Zhengming , Peng Qunsheng 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Lack of feature validity maintenance function is recognized as a serious problem with current feature modeling system, which makes feature modeling just like an advanced geometric modeling with parametric and constraint-based modeling facilities.
In this paper, we present a novel approach to feature validity maintaining. The approach detects the topologically destroyed features and determine the new states of the destroyed features by performing local feature recognition on the area of the part which consists of all the boundary entities of the edited feature and the features intersecting with the edited feature after a feature is edited. In the approach, feature conversion and feature mergence are distinguished from the real destruction of feature validity to let the user have chances to determine if the feature conversion or feature mergence is what he/she wants. To make the implementation of the approach easy, a representation for topologic validity conditions based on the extended attributed adjacency graph is adopted.
Integrated Local and Global Tool Path Planning for Feature-Based Machining
Authors: Wang Eric , Hwang Il-Kyu , Kim Yong Se 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
We describe an automatic machining tool path generation method that combines local tool path planning for machining features with global tool path planning. From the solid model and the tolerance specifications of the part, machining features are automatically recognized, and geometry-based precedence relations are obtained between these features. From this information, the machining sequence, tool selections, and machining conditions are determined. Machining tool paths are then generated automatically for each setup, combining local and global tool paths. Local tool paths to machine each feature are generated using successive offsetting operations. Global tool paths between features are generated incrementally by searching the adjacency graph of feature free spaces, which represents the current free space of the part. Feature free spaces are obtained by expanding the machining features through their fictitious faces. The start and end positions for the local tool paths of each feature are selected based on a heuristic method to minimize the cost of each segment of the global tool path. This automatic tool path generation method is currently being developed as part of a comprehensive machining process planning system.
Tool-Path Generation in Three-Axis Machining From Scanned Data of Physical Models by Using Filleted Endmills
Authors: Chuang Cheng-Ming , Chen Chun-Yan , Yau Hong-Tzong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
NC tool-path is usually generated by sweeping parametric surfaces of a CAD model. In modern design, free-form or sculptured surfaces are increasingly popular in representing complex geometry for aesthetic or functional purposes. Traditionally, a prototype is realized by machining the workpiece using the NC codes generated from a CAD model. The machined part can then be compared with the CAD model by measurement using a coordinate measuring machine. Presented in this paper is a reverse engineering approach to generating interference free tool-paths in three-axis machining from scanned data of physical models. There are two steps in this procedure. First, a physical model is scanned by 3D digitizers and multiple data sets are obtained of the complex model. A surface registration algorithm is proposed to align and integrate those data to construct a complete 3D data set. We use least distance method to determine the connecting sequence of the neighboring points, such that the scanned data are converted into triangular polygons. Tool-paths are then generated from the tessellated surfaces. Using the Z-map method we calculate interference-free cutter-location data relative to the vertex, edges and planes of those triangles. The algorithms for tool-path generation are usually different for cutters of various geometry. Some algorithms found in literature require complex numerical calculations and are time consuming. In this paper, an efficient algorithm is developed to calculate interference-free cutter-location data by easy geometric reasoning without complex computation. The robust method is suitable for generally used cutters such as ball, flat and filleted endmills and the time taken to obtain full tool-paths of compound surfaces is short. Some real applications are presented to validate the proposed approach.