bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management and Appropriate Use of Diazoxide in Infants and Children with Hyperinsulinism
Authors: Brar Preneet Cheema , Heksch Ryan , Cossen Kristina , De Leon Diva D , Kamboj Manmohan K , Marks Seth D , Marshall Bess A , Miller Ryan , Page Laura , Stanley Takara , Mitchell Deborah , Thornton Paul 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background
The diagnosis of hypoglycemia and the use of diazoxide have risen in the last decade. Diazoxide is the only Food and Drug Agency-approved pharmacologic treatment for neonatal hypoglycemia caused by hyperinsulinism (HI). Recent publications have highlighted that diazoxide has serious adverse effects (AEs) such as pulmonary hypertension (2–3%) and neutropenia (15%). Despite its increasing use, there is little information regarding dosing of diazoxide and/or monitoring for AEs.

Methods
We convened a working group of pediatric endocrinologists who were members of the Drug and Therapeutics Committee of the Pediatric Endocrine Society (PES) to review the available literature. Our committee sent a survey to its PES members regarding the use of diazoxide in their endocrine practices. Our review of the results concluded that there was substantial heterogeneity in usage and monitoring for AEs for diazoxide among pediatric endocrinologists.

Conclusions
Based on our extensive literature review and on the lack of consensus regarding use of diazoxide noted in our PES survey, our group graded the evidence using the framework of the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group, and has proposed expert consensus practice guidelines for the appropriate use of diazoxide in infants and children with HI. We summarized the information on AEs reported to date and have provided practical ideas for dosing and monitoring for AEs in infants treated with diazoxide.
Minimizing Glucose Excursions (GEM) With Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Cox Daniel J , Banton Tom , Moncrief Matthew , Conaway Mark , Diamond Anne , McCall Anthony L 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to compare conventional medication management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) to medication management in conjunction with a lifestyle intervention using continuous glucose monitoring to minimize glucose excursions. Thirty adults (63% female; mean age, 53.3 years) who were diagnosed with T2D for less than 11 years (mean, 5.6 years), had glycated A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 7.0% (51 mmol/mol) (mean 8.8%, [73 mmol/mol]), and were not using insulin, were randomly assigned in a 1:2 ratio to routine care (RC) or 4 group sessions of glycemic excursion minimization plus real-time CGM (GEMCGM). Assessments at baseline and 5 months included a physical exam, metabolic and lipid panels, a review of diabetes medications, and psychological questionnaires. For the week following assessments, participants wore a blinded activity monitor and completed 3 days of 24-hour dietary recall. A subgroup also wore a blinded CGM. GEMCGM participants significantly improved HbA1c (from 8.9% to 7.6% [74-60 mmol/mol] compared with 8.8% to 8.7% [73-72 mmol/mol] for RC (P = .03). Additionally, GEMCGM reduced the need for diabetes medication (P = .01), reduced carbohydrate consumption (P = .009), and improved diabetes knowledge (P = .001), quality of life (P = .01) and diabetes distress (P = .02), and trended to more empowerment (P = .05) without increasing dietary fat, lipids, or hypoglycemia. Confirming our prior research, GEMCGM appears to be a safe, effective lifestyle intervention option for adults with suboptimally controlled T2D who do not take insulin.
Prolonged length of stay (PLOS) in a high-volume arthroplasty unit
Authors: Kang Hean Wu , Bryce Leeann , Cassidy Roslyn , Hill Janet Catherine , Diamond Owen , Beverland David 
Published: August 2020

Introduction The enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) concept in arthroplasty surgery has led to a reduction in postoperative length of stay in recent years. Patients with prolonged length of stay (PLOS) add to the burden of a strained NHS. Our aim was to identify the main reasons. Methods A PLOS was arbitrarily defined as an inpatient hospital stay of four days or longer from admission date. A total of 2,000 consecutive arthroplasty patients between September 2017 and July 2018 were reviewed. Of these, 1,878 patients were included after exclusion criteria were applied. Notes for 524 PLOS patients were audited to determine predominant reasons for PLOS. Results The mean total length of stay was 4 days (1 to 42). The top three reasons for PLOS were social services, day-before-surgery admission, and slow to mobilize. Social services accounted for 1,224 excess bed days, almost half (49.2%, 1,224/2,489) of the sum of excess bed days. Conclusion A preadmission discharge plan, plus day of surgery admission and mobilization on the day of surgery, would have the potential to significantly reduce length of stay without compromising patient care. Cite this article: Bone Joint Open 2020;1-8:488–493.
Aetiology, prevalence, fracture site and management of maxillofacial trauma
Authors: Kanala S , Gudipalli S , Perumalla P , Jagalanki K , Polamarasetty PV , Guntaka S , Gudala A , Boyapati RP 
Published: August 2020

Introduction Maxillofacial fractures are often associated with severe morbidity, functional deficit, disfigurement and significant financial implications. The aim of this review was to investigate whether the aetiology, prevalence and management modalities of facial trauma can identify the common causes of facial trauma with a view to recommending measures to the appropriate governing bodies to change the current practice wherever possible. Methods The records of 1,112 patients referred to our oral and maxillofacial unit in Andhra Pradesh, India, between February 2008 and October 2017 were analysed retrospectively. Data including age, sex, aetiology, fracture site and treatment were evaluated. Results Men aged 20–40 years were the most common victims of facial trauma. Road traffic accidents (RTAs) were responsible in 70% of cases. Mandibular fractures constituted 47% of the overall fractures, and 55% of the total fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. Conclusions The main cause of maxillofacial injury among patients reporting to our hospital was RTAs. Mandibular fractures were the most common, accounting for almost half of the cases. Over half (55%) of all maxillofacial fractures were treated with open reduction and internal fixation. Reasons for this high frequency may include the large number of poorly maintained, overloaded vehicles on unsuitable roads, violation of traffic regulations (particularly by inexperienced young drivers), abuse of alcohol or other intoxicating agents and the sociocultural behaviours of some drivers.
Pre-Service Teacher Career Choice Motivation: A Comparison of Vocational Education and Training Teachers and Comprehensive School Teachers in Germany
Authors: Stellmacher Anne , Ohlemann Svenja , Pfetsch Jan , Ittel Angela 
Published: August 2020

Context: The current shortage of teachers in Germany, especially in vocational schools, is of relevance to the education system and labour market policy. To recruit future teachers more effectively, it is of great importance to gain a better understanding of pre-service teachers’ career choice motivation. However, research has concentrated so far mainly on teachers in the general education system. The present study investigates the career choice motivation of students who will become vocational education and training (VET) teachers and compares it to the career choice motivation of future comprehensive school teachers. Approach: We surveyed N = 79 teacher training students in total, 30 pre-service VET teachers and 49 pre-service comprehensive school teachers at the beginning of their university-based teacher training. To measure career choice motivation, we used the standardized questionnaire Motivation for Choosing Teacher Education (FEMOLA) including six subscales (Pohlmann & Möller, 2010). In order to compare pre-service VET and comprehensive school teachers with regard to the six scales of career choice motivation, we performed a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Findings: We found the highest means for the motives subject-specific and educational interest for the future VET teachers. In comparison to the pre-service comprehensive school teachers, they rated their educational interest, social influences, and utility as significantly less relevant in terms of their career choice motivation. There are no significant differences on the other three motivational scales. Conclusion: The findings show that the two groups partially differ in their motivations to become a teacher. Therefore, we can conclude that the measures for attracting new students should also be individually adapted to the motives for their career choice. For example, in a counselling interview, the motives for choosing a profession should be discussed and compared with the requirements for studying and later working life.
James Ellroy: Demon Dog of Crime Fiction, Steven Powell (2016)
Authors: D’haen Theo 
Published: August 2020

Review of: James Ellroy: Demon Dog of Crime Fiction, Steven Powell (2016)
Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 225 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-13749-082-7, h/bk, £79.99
SLEEP AND IMMUNITY
Authors: Giffoni Francinete Alves de Oliveira 
Published: August 2020

Abstract: Sleep has been reported in several studies as an important function of the organism, as well as its deprivation as harmful to the production of defense cells, which affects our immunity. It is also demonstrated in the literature that sleep is fundamental for the metabolism of free radicals and for the body to be able to restore cardiorespiratory functions. The weakened immune system implies an increase in the chances of contracting infectious diseases, in addition to having difficulty recovering from relatively simple illnesses such as colds and flu. This study discusses sleep and its implications for organismic immunity. The results highlighted the need to perform sleep hygiene, defined as the change from dysfunctional patterns to a new organization of habits and activities that allow better sleep induction and quality. Keywords: Sleep; Immunity; Quality of life.
Prevalência e Características de Lesões na Prática de Musculação / Prevalence and characteristics of Injuries in Bodybuilding Practice
Authors: Santana Hiesus Matheus Sena , Silva Bismarque Pereira da , Sampaio Leonardo Costa 
Published: August 2020

Nos dias de hoje, a busca do exercício físico vem crescendo cada vez mais, o praticante tem como objetivo um corpo mais saudável, melhor condicionado, com boa aparência e livre de doenças, sem se preocupar com possíveis lesões que pode ser geradas devido à pressa de ter um corpo perfeito. A lesão gerada na prática de musculação é devido à negligência por parte dos praticantes, falta de um acompanhamento adequado e falta de prevenção de lesões dentro das academias. Esse estudo tem como propósito relatar sobre as lesões ocasionadas na pratica da musculação, alertando os praticantes sobre tais negligências que podem gerar lesões. Os artigos a serem usados nesse trabalho foram disponíveis nas plataformas de dados online: SCIELO, Google acadêmico e PUBMED nos idiomas português e inglês, escolhido de acordo o ano de publicação – 2010 a 2020. Foram selecionados 25 artigos que se encaixaram nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão desse trabalho. Conclui-se que o acompanhamento adequado de profissionais de educação físicas e fisioterapeutas são de fundamental importância para prevenção de lesões. Palavras-chave: musculação; academia; lesão.
Avaliação dos Erros de Prescrições da Lista B1 da Portaria 344/98, em uma Farmácia Comunitária no Interior do Estado do Ceará / Evaluation of Prescription Errors in List B1 of Ordinance 344/98, in a Community Pharmacy in the State of Ceará
Authors: Duarte Joeldo Ferreira , Souza Francisca Andreza Fernandes de , Andrade José Marcio , Carvalho Poliana Moreira de Medeiros 
Published: August 2020

Os erros de prescrições são um dos problemas mais frequentes em vários países do mundo inclusive no Brasil, e são estes as causas de muitos agravos à saúde do paciente aumentando ainda mais a duração do tratamento e a permanência dos mesmos nos hospitais. Uma vez que, a causa da morte dos pacientes, pode se dá em decorrência das falhas na medicação, incluindo as interpretações errôneas e equivocadas das prescrições realizados pela equipe médica, no momento da administração pela enfermagem, bem como ilegibilidade, uso de abreviaturas, erros nos cálculos de dosagem, entre outros. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a qualidade das prescrições médicas da lista B1 da portaria 344/98 dispensadas na Policlínica Tasso Ribeiro Jereissat do município de Juazeiro do Norte-CE, no período de agosto de 2018. O estudo foi realizado através de receituários, os quais foram selecionados intencionalmente, durante o período de agosto 2018. As informações foram coletadas por meio de um check-list adaptado da Portaria 344/98 da ANVISA para avaliação das prescrições médicas da lista B1 preenchido pelo próprio pesquisador sem a presença dos pacientes. Através dos resultados analisados foi possível identificar vários erros de ilegibilidade, bem como abreviaturas e ausências de dados importantes nas prescrições. É necessário que prescrição seja vista e compreendida na prática como um documento terapêutico de comunicação entre profissionais. Além disso, acreditamos que a valorização da prescrição por meio da melhor utilização deste instrumento e da padronização das informações nas prescrições pela equipe hospitalar contribuirá para melhor utilização dos recursos financeiros da instituição porque minimizará os custos com medicações.
A Bissexualidade Como Incógnita e Fragmentação Normativa Ligada a Dicotomia Hétero/Homo: Cartografando Produções em Ciências Humanas e Sociais / Bisexuality as Uncommanded and Normative Fragmentation Connected to the Dichotomy Hetero / Homo: Mapping Productions in Human and Social Sciences
Authors: Silva Isaura Caroline Abrantes , Leite Junior Francisco Francinete 
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo pretende investigar as percepções de vivências do corpo, do gênero e da sexualidade em indivíduos bissexuais, através de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, recorrendo a uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo. A partir disso, se vislumbra diversas reflexões acerca da orientação sexual denominada bissexualidade. Entretanto, há uma escassez de pesquisas científicas que retratem a bissexualidade de forma protagonista entre as ditas “minorias sexuais”, dada a escassez de produções, pois poucos autores têm se debruçado sobre esse estudo de forma crítica, retratando a bissexualidade como uma forma de expressão legitimada e genuína de atração e de desejo. Destarte, é possível enxergar a bissexualidade como desvelamento de uma realidade múltipla, pois é capaz de implodir a binaridade heterossexual/homossexual, sendo uma fronteiriça sexual que subverte padrões normativos. Sublinha-se a necessidade de vislumbrar a bissexualidade através de uma óptica em que seja primordial a problematização das representações sociais e dos estereótipos acerca dos bissexuais, como os relacionados a denominação de “fase” a essa orientação sexual, a autoidentificação como forma de fuga a homoafetividade e a ligação com a promiscuidade, visualizando esses preconceitos e discriminações bifóbicas como fonte de sofrimento.
Práticas Pedagógicas na Formação Docente / Pedagogical Practices in Teacher Education
Authors: Da Silva Cleyde Nascimento , Miguel Joelson Rodrigues 
Published: August 2020

As práticas pedagógicas significativas têm um papel fundamental na tomada de consciência dos professores, além de promover uma autorreflexão capaz de oportunizar uma compreensão sobre aspectos facilitadores do ensino e aprendizagem. O presente estudo objetivou uma discussão sobre as práticas pedagógicas na formação docente. A metodologia consistiu em revisão integrativa com base nos aportes teóricos de autores como: Alegro (2008); Ausubel (1968); Bizarro (2014); Breda (2016); Dalbosco (2003); Ferreira (2017); Freire (2006); Klausen (2017); Leme (2006); Paula e Bida (2019); Pelizzari (2002); Schön (2009); Silva (2016), dentre outros. Os resultados demonstraram que as transformações, em decorrência da globalização, tem afetado muito a educação, da forma como se vem praticando. Daí uma necessidade que a escola que tente empreender políticas públicas com finalidades educacionais mais compatíveis com as reais necessidades sociais.
Rasionalitas dalam Manajemen Organisasi Masjid: Kasus pada Masjid Jogokaryan Yogyakarta
Authors: Amrides Amrides 
Published: August 2020

The role of Mosques for Muslim communities has transformed, not only do they serve as a place for worship but also as a center for such social activities as education/learning, da’wah, meetings, and some other community activities. Such roles of the mosque can be seen at Jogokaryan Mosque in Yogyakarta. Since its first development in 1966-1967, the Jogokaryan Mosque has been known as among the prominnet mosques for its religious and social activities. Moreover, Jogokaryan Mosque is better known now as the pioneer for the transformation of Mosques’ role as the center for productive economic activities. The breakthrough efforts initiated by the management of Jogokaryan Mosque play a significant role in the impressive development in the society. This study employs takes the form of qualitative method, using a case study approach. It aims to examine the breakthrough efforts initiated by the management of Jogokaryan Mosque in regard to its administration and other related policies which support the development of the mosque. It is found that that there are two forms of initiatives done by the managemnet of Jogokaryan Mosque, known as formal and substantive rationality. The concept of “irrationality of the rational”, a logical consequence of formal rationality, also emerged as an effort done by the management of Jogokaryan mosque to make those who are considered irrational as rational.[Peran masjid bagi umat muslim telah bertransformasi, tidak hanya sebagai tempat beribadah semata, namun juga sebagai pusat bagi beberapa aktifitas sosial seperti pembelajaran/pendidikan, dakwah, pertemuan, dan aktifitas komunitas lainnya. Peran masjid seperti itu dapat ditemukan di Masjid Jogokaryan Yogyakarta. Sejak awal perkembangannya pada 1966-1967, Masjid Jogokaryan telah dikenal sebagai masjid yang terkemuka karena tidak hanya aktifitas keagamaan namun juga aktifitas sosialnya. Bahkan, Masjid Jogokaryan lebih terkenal sebagai pionir transformasi peran masjid-masjid sebagai pusat aktifitas ekonomi produktif. Upaya terobosan yang diprakarsai oleh manajemen pengelolaan Masjid Jogokayan berperan penting dan mengesankan dalam perkembangan masyarakat sekitarnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri upaya terobosan yang diprakarsai oleh manajemen tamir Masjid Jogokaryan dalam hal administrasi dan aturan terkait lainnya yang mendorong adanya pengembangan masjid. Dalam penelitian ditemukan bahwa ada bentuk inisiasi yang dilakukan oleh takmir Masjid Jogokaryan yaitu, apa yang disebut dengan rasionalitas formal dan rasionalitas substantif. Konsep “irasionalitas dari yang rasional”, adalah bentuk konsekuensi logis dari rasionalitas formal yang merupakan bentuk upaya yang dilakukan oleh manajemen takmir Masjid Jogokaryan untuk menyebut sesuatu yang tidak rasional sebagai termasuk yang rasional juga.]
Die Fachbibliothek Philologicum der Universitätsbibliothek der LMU München. Ein Neubau in einem historischen Gebäude
Authors: Brintzinger Klaus-Rainer 
Published: August 2020

Zusammenfassung
Im September 2019 wurde das Philologicum eröffnet, Fachbibliothek für die sprach- und literaturwissenschaftlichen Disziplinen und größter Standort der Universitätsbibliothek der LMU München. In enger Absprache mit der Universitätsbibliothek wurde in dem denkmalgeschützten Gebäude an der Ludwigstraße die Vision eines modernen Lern- und Arbeitsortes realisiert. Mit einer horizontalen Gebäudegliederung durch zusätzliche Zwischenstockwerke und einem innovativen Zonierungskonzept, das vielfältige Nutzerbedürfnisse ins Zentrum rückt, wurden die historische Fassade, Eckrisalite und Kubatur nicht nur erhalten, sondern in das lichte Raum- und Bibliothekskonzept eingebunden – so ist ein attraktiver Ort des Lesens, Lernens, der Arbeit und der Begegnung entstanden.
Nonzero Positive Solutions of Elliptic Systems with Gradient Dependence and Functional BCs
Authors: Biagi Stefano , Calamai Alessandro , Infante Gennaro 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We discuss, by topological methods, the solvability of systems of second-order elliptic differential equations subject to functional boundary conditions under the presence of gradient terms in the nonlinearities. We prove the existence of nonnegative solutions and provide a non-existence result. We present some examples to illustrate the applicability of the existence and non-existence results.
Sign-Changing Solutions for the One-Dimensional Non-Local sinh-Poisson Equation
Authors: DelaTorre Azahara , Mancini Gabriele , Pistoia Angela 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
We study the existence of sign-changing solutions for a non-local version of the sinh-Poisson equation on a bounded one-dimensional interval I, under Dirichlet conditions in the exterior of I. This model is strictly related to the mathematical description of galvanic corrosion phenomena for simple electrochemical systems. By means of the finite-dimensional Lyapunov–Schmidt reduction method, we construct bubbling families of solutions developing an arbitrarily prescribed number sign-alternating peaks. With a careful analysis of the limit profile of the solutions, we also show that the number of nodal regions coincides with the number of blow-up points.
A Peripatetic Argument for the Intrinsic Goodness of Human Life: Alexander of Aphrodisias'Ethical ProblemsI
Authors: Echeñique Javier 
Published: August 2020

AbstractIn this article I argue for the thesis that Alexander's main argument, inEthical ProblemsI, is an attempt to block the implication drawn by the Stoics and other ancient philosophers from the double potential of use exhibited by human life, a life that can be either well or badly lived. Alexander wants to resist the thought that this double potential of use allows the Stoics to infer that human life,in itself, orby its own nature, is neither good nor bad (what I call the Indifference Implication). Furthermore, I shall argue that Alexander's main argument establishes that human life, despite exhibiting a double potential of use, isby its own natureorintrinsicallygood. Finally, given that this is not a conclusion that the Stoics are likely to accept, I shall also contend that the argument should be regarded as conducted for the most partin foro interno, as a way of persuading the Peripatetics themselves of the falsity of the Indifference Implication, precisely because of the risk that such an implication be derived from their own theoretical framework.
Hedging of Variable Annuities under Basis Risk
Authors: Bauer Jan 
Published: August 2020

AbstractI study dynamic hedging for variable annuities under basis risk. Basis risk, which arises from the imperfect correlation between the underlying fund and the proxy asset used for hedging, has a highly negative impact on the hedging performance. In this paper, I model the financial market based on correlated geometric Brownian motions and analyze the risk management for a pool of stylized GMAB contracts. I investigate whether the choice of a suitable hedging strategy can help to reduce the risk for the insurance company. Comparing several cross-hedging strategies, I observe very similar hedging performances. Particularly, I find that well-established but complex strategies from mathematical finance do not outperform simple and naive approaches in the context studied. Diversification, however, could help to reduce the adverse impact of basis risk.