bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vivo Expression of Reprogramming Factor OCT4 Ameliorates Myelination Deficits and Induces Striatal Neuroprotection in Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Yu Ji Hea , Nam Bae-Geun , Kim MinGi , Seo Jung Hwa , Cho Sung-Rae 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: White matter atrophy has been shown to precede the massive loss of striatal GABAergic neurons in Huntington’s disease (HD). The HD-induced white matter atrophy is associated with motor deficits. In vivo reprogramming toward a plastic state has emerged as a new approach for treating neurological diseases. Particularly, octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) can induce myelin repair and functional recovery. This study investigated the effects of in situ expression of reprogramming factor OCT4 on behavioral performances, neural stem cell (NSC) niche activation in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and induction of cell fate specific to the changed microenvironment of HD. Methods: R6/2 mice, a transgenic mouse model of HD, randomly received adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9)-OCT4, AAV9-Null, or phosphate-buffered saline in both lateral ventricles at 4 weeks of age. To evaluate the behavioral improvement, rotarod test and grip strength test were performed at regular intervals. To investigate the expression of oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC)-related genes, real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were performed. Next, we assessed the amelioration of myelination deficits via transmission electron microscope (TEM) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 13 weeks of age. Finally, we confimed striatal neuroprotecion by qRT-PCR and confocal microscopy.Results: The AAV9-OCT4 group displayed significantly improved rotarod performance and grip strength compared to the control groups. Following AAV9-OCT4 treatment, the number of newly generated NSCs and OPCs was significantly increased in the SVZ, and the expression of OPC-related genes such as NG2, Olig2, PDGFRα, Wnt3 and myelin regulatory factor (MYRF), and glial cell-derived neuroprotective factor (GDNF) was significantly increased. Further, the amelioration of myelination deficits in the corpus callosum was observed through TEM and MRI, and striatal DARPP32+ GABAergic neurons significantly increased in the AAV9-OCT4 group.
Composing High-level Stream Processing Pipelines
Authors: Mahapatra Tanmaya 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The growing number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices provide a massive pool of sensing data. However, turning data into actionable insights is not a trivial task, especially in the context of IoT, where application development itself is complex. The process entails working with heterogeneous devices via various communication protocols to co-ordinate and fetch datasets, followed by a series of data transformations. Graphical mashup tools, based on the principles of flow-based programming paradigm, operating at a higher-level of abstraction are in widespread use to support rapid prototyping of IoT applications. Nevertheless, the current state-of-the-art mashup tools suffer from several architectural limitations which prevent composing in-flow data analytics pipelines. In response to this, the paper contributes by (i) designing novel flow-based programming concepts based on the actor model to support data analytics pipelines in mashup tools, prototyping the ideas in a new mashup tool called aFlux and providing a detailed comparison with the existing state-of-the-art and (ii) enabling easy prototyping of streaming applications in mashup tools by abstracting the behavioural configurations of stream processing via graphical flows and validating the ease as well as the effectiveness of composing stream processing pipelines from an end-user perspective in a traffic simulation scenario.
CHR: An Integrated Software Tool for chilling requirements
Authors: Chen Chen , Xu Wanyu , Gou Ningning , Bai Lasu , Wang Lin , Wuyun Tana 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Bud dormancy in deciduous fruit trees enables plants to survive cold weather. The buds adopt dormant state and resume growth after satisfying the chilling requirements. Chilling requirements play a key role in flowering time. So far, several chilling models, including ≤ 7.2 °C model, the 0–7.2 °C model, Utah model, and Dynamic Model, have been developed; however, it is still time-consuming to determine the chilling requirements employing any model. This calls for efficient tools that can analyze data.
Results

In this study, we developed novel software Chilling and Heat Requirement (CHR), by flexibly integrating data conversions, model selection, calculations, statistical analysis, and plotting.
Conclusion

CHR is a tool for chilling requirements estimation, which will be very useful to researchers. It is very simple, easy, and user-friendly.
The Surgical Treatment of Non-Metastatic Melanoma in a Multicenter Registry: A Retrospective Cohort Quality Improvement Study to Reduce the Morbidity Rates
Authors: Fiore Paolo Del , Mocellin Simone , Rastrelli Marco , Damiani Giovanni Battista , Tropea Saveria , Russano Francesco , Spina Romina , Sommariva Antonio , Buja Alessandra , Collodetto Alessandra , Ferrazzi Beatrice , Vecchiato Antonella , Cavallin Francesco , Rossi Carlo Riccardo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Reproducible, high-quality surgery is a key point in the management of cancer patients. Quality indicators for surgical treatment of melanoma has been presented with benchmarks but data on morbidity are still limited. This study presents the quality indicators on morbidity after surgical treatment for non-metastatic skin melanoma in an Italian registry.Methods: Data were extracted from the Central National Melanoma Registry (CNMR) promoted by the Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI). All surgical procedures (WE, SNLB or LFND) for non-metastatic skin melanoma between January 2011 and February 2017 were evaluated for inclusion in the study. Only centers with adequate completeness of information (>80%) were included in the study. Short-term complications (wound infection, dehiscence, skin graft failure and seroma) were investigated.Results: Wound infection rate was 1.1% (0.4% to 2.7%) in WE, 1.3% (0.7% to 2.5%) in SLNB and 4.1% (2.1% to 8.0%) in LFND. Wound dehiscence rate was 2.0% (0.8% to 5.1%) in WE, 0.9% (0.2% to 3.0%) in SLNB and 2.8% (0.9% to 8.6%) in LFND. Seroma rate was 4.2% (1.5% to 11.1%) in SLNB and 15.1% (4.6% to 39.9%) in LFND. Unreliable information was found on skin graft failure.Conclusions: Our findings contribute to available literature in setting up the recommended standards for melanoma centers, thus improving the quality of surgery offered to patients. A consensus on the core issues around surgical morbidity is needed to provide practical guidance on morbidity prevention and management.
Unmet contraceptives needs among Female Sex Workers (FSWs) in semi urban Blantyre, Malawi
Authors: Twizelimana Donatien , Muula Adamson S 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction:Research has paid limited attention to understanding factors that are associated with unmet contraceptives needs among female sex workers (FSWs). In order to fill this knowledge gap we estimated the prevalence of unmet contraceptives needs and examined factors that were associated with unmet contraceptives needs among FSWs in semi urban Blantyre, Malawi.MethodsWe used systematic sampling to recruit 290 FSWs in semi urban Blantyre between February and March 2019. In this cross sectional study, we used questionnaire interviews to collect quantitative data. We calculated the mean and standard deviation for continuous variables and proportions for categorical variables to describe the data. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between unmet needs (the outcome variable) and explanatory variables such as: having a steady partner, fear of contraceptives’ side effects and having a history of sexual transmitted infections.ResultsOut of the 290 study participants 102 (35.2%) reported unmet needs for contraceptives. The following factors were significantly associated with unmet contraceptives needs in multivariate analysis: FSWs’ history of physical and sexual violence by clients [OR 3.38, 95% CI (1.10, 10.43)], p < 0.03, participants with a steady partner [OR 3.28, 95% CI (1.89, 5.68)], p < 0.001, and participants who feared side effects of contraceptives [OR 2.99, 95% CI (1.73, 5.20)], p < 0.001.ConclusionThere is need to improve awareness of contraceptives among FSWs in semi urban Blantyre. Sexual and Reproductive Health services (SRH) should address barriers to contraceptives use such as sexual transmitted infections, clients’ violence, fear and misinformation on contraceptives. There is also a need to improve the knowledge, attitudes, and counseling skills of health providers in order to address unmet contraceptives needs among FSWS.
Factors influencing early initiation of breastfeeding among mothers in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh
Authors: Ayesha Ummay , M Abu Sayed Md. Al , Islam Md. Nurul , Hossain Md. Ripter , Tasmia Samme Amena , Hossain Md. Golam 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background

Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) is referred as providing the breast milk to the newborn within one hour of birth which ensures that the infant receives the colostrum. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding among mothers in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh.
Methods

The data was collected from mothers living in Rajshahi district who had at least one child aged 6–24 months from January to March, 2019. The EIBF was measured by a question to mother, “did you provide your breast milk to your infant within one hour after delivered? Frequency distribution, Chi-square and multivariable binary logistic regression model were utilized in this study for getting prevalence and influential factors of EIBF.
Results

This study revealed that the prevalence of EIBF was 88.4%. Logistic model provided that place of delivery, family monthly income, husbands’ education level, mothers’ nutritional status, mothers’ age, husbands’ occupation, getting pregnancy with planning, mothers taking advice regarding the benefit of breastfeeding during their pregnancy were the influential factors of EIBF among mothers in Rajshahi district, Bangladesh.
Conclusions

This study identified several modifiable influential factors of EIBF. The customs, culture and other characteristics are almost same across the country in Bangladesh. These factors could be considered to increase the rate of EIBF among mothers in Bangladesh.
Botulinum Neurotoxin A Prevents the Development of Nitroglycerin-Induced Chronic Migraine via Inhibition of CGRP and NLRP3 Inflammasomes in Mice
Authors: Zhu Ting , Niu Jing-Qi , Su Cun-Jin , Chen Jia-Wei , Zhang Yan-Lin , Luo Wei-Feng , Liu Tong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background This study was designed to examine the therapeutic effects of Botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT/A) on chronic migraine and to explore the potential mechanisms by using a mouse model of chronic migraine, which was established by repeated intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection with nitroglycerin (NTG).Methods NTG-induced basal and evoked mechanical hypersensitivity were evaluated using the von Frey filament test. Before the first injection of NTG, a single facial injection of BoNT/A was administered in the supraorbital region to explore its preventive effects on the development of chronic migraine in mice. The expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and synaptosomal-associated protein25 (SNAP25) in the trigeminal ganglia (TG) and the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) were detected by Western blotting and immunostaining. Results Repeated administration of NTG resulted in basal and evoked mechanical hypersensitivity in mice. Single facial BoNT/A injection prevented the development of NTG-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in mice. Western blotting results revealed that peripheral BoNT/A injection decreased the NTG-induced upregulation of expression of CGRP and SNAP25 in the TGs and NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes in the TNC. Immunostaining results revealed peripheral BoNT/A injection also decreased the NTG-induced upregulation of CGRP expression in the TNC.Conclusions Thus, these results indicate that single facial injection of BoNT/A may be a preventive treatment of chronic migraine, possible due to the inhibitory effect of BoNT/A on the expression of CGRP and SNAP25 in the TGs and NLRP3 inflammasomes in the TNC.
Effectiveness and Long-term Outcomes of Different Crossing Strategies for the Endovascular Treatment of Complex Iliac Artery Chronic Total Occlusions
Authors: Zhang Huan , Li Xiangtao , Niu Luyuan , Feng Yaping , Luo Xiaoyun , Zhang Changming , Zhang Fuxian 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Purpose

To explore the optimal crossing approach (antegrade versus retrograde) for iliac artery chronic total occlusions (CTOs) and to examine the long-term outcomes.

Materials and Methods

We performed a study on 107 patients (116 iliac occlusive lesions, mean age 64.0±11.1, 88 men) who underwent an iliac CTO endovascular intervention attempted with the use of both crossing strategies but were managed with one final crossing approach between August 2012 and August 2018. Baseline data, procedural characteristics, and outcomes were described. A Cox proportional hazard model and Kaplan-Meier method were developed to assess the differences in the two crossing approaches in terms of the 1-year and 5-year primary patency rates, TLR (target lesion revascularization) and MALEs (major adverse limb events).

Results

CIA (common iliac artery) lesions were more likely to be crossed successfully in the retrograde direction (6.8% for antegrade vs. 20.9% for retrograde, p=0.005), while lesions in the CIA/EIA (external iliac artery) were more prone to be crossed successfully in the antegrade direction (58.9% for antegrade vs. 39.5% for retrograde, p=0.016). Considering EIA lesions, there were no significant differences in the crossing approach between the two groups. The two crossing approaches were associated with similar estimates of 1- and 5-year primary patency, TLR and MALE rates.

Conclusion

The antegrade approach was associated with a higher rate of successful crossing in CIA/EIA CTO lesions, while the CIA-only CTOs were more likely to be crossed successfully with the retrograde approach.
Comparison of Symptomatic Spondylolysis in Young Soccer and Baseball Players
Authors: Yokoe Takuji , Tajima Takuya , Sugimura Hiroshi , Kubo Shinichirou , Nozaki Shotarou , Yamaguchi Nami , Morita Yudai , Chosa Etsuo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Spondylolysis is a main cause of low back pain (LBP) in young athletes. There are few studies analyzing the difference of spondylolysis among young athletes with different sports activity. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical factors and distribution of the lesions of spondylolysis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans in young soccer and baseball players with symptomatic spondylolysis.Methods: The medical records of 178 young athletes aged 7 to 18 years old who underwent MRI to evaluate the cause of LBP between 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients with spondylolysis. Of the young athletes with symptomatic spondylolysis, clinical factors and MRI findings in soccer and baseball players were retrospectively evaluated. The clinical factors were age, sex, interval from onset of LBP to MRI, and side of the dominant leg in the sports field. MRI findings included number, lumbar level, and side of the lesions. Results: A total of 21 soccer players (mean age, 15.2 ± 1.4 years) and 38 baseball players (mean age, 15.1 ± 1.7 years) with symptomatic spondylolysis were enrolled. All patients were male. No significant differences were noted in age and the interval from onset of LBP to MRI between the groups. Soccer players had greater numbers of multiple (p = 0.005) and bilateral (p = 0.004) lesions than baseball players. The dominant side of the hand for pitching or batting was correlated with the contralateral-side lesions in baseball players (p = 0.01).Conclusions: The distribution of the lesions of spondylolysis differed in young soccer and baseball players. Pitching or batting with the dominant-side hand would be associated with contralateral-side lesions in baseball players. Sports-specific movements and the side of the dominant leg should be considered when treating young athletes with symptomatic spondylolysis.
Survival of multiple nail gun injuries to the head, lung, and heart: A case report
Authors: Wang Suo-Hsien , Chen Mao-Yu , Huang Tzu-Yen , Chang Che-Chia , Chien Chih-Ying 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background:

Most nail gun injuries occur at the extremities due to working accidents. Injuries to the brain or thorax are relatively rare, and cases with both injuries are even rarer. Initial evaluation, resuscitation and surgical planning can be challenging.
Case presentation:

Here, we present a case with nail gun injuries to the brain, lung, and heart by suicide attempt. The patient presented to the emergency department under shock. After resuscitation and surgical intervention, he was discharged without significant morbidity.
Conclusions:

Multiple nail gun injuries, especially those to vital organs such as the brain, lung, and heart, can be challenging to emergency physicians and surgeons. Imaging tools, treatment strategies, and possible complications are discussed in this article to provide optimized outcomes in such situations.
Low Vitamin D Levels are Associated with Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Tanaka Kenichi , Okada Yosuke , Hajime Maiko , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and vascular endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).Methods: This retrospective study included 113 T2D patients who were admitted for in-hospital diabetes educational program and underwent measurements of serum 25(OH)D levels and reactive hyperemia index (RHI). The primary endpoint was the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and RHI in T2D patients.Results: Serum 25(OH)D levels correlated significantly with RHI in T2D patients (r=0.285, p=0.002). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that serum 25(OH)D level of 16.5 ng/mL is the optimal cut-off level for predicting vascular endothelial dysfunction (RHI<1.67), with a sensitivity of 68.5%, specificity of 67.9%, and area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.668 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.566–0.770, p=0.002). The mean RHI was significantly lower (1.70±0.54) in patients with low 25(OH)D levels (n=56, 25(OH)D levels <16.5 ng/mL) than that (1.99±0.58 vs.; p<0.001) of patients with high 25(OH)D levels (n=57, 25(OH)D level >16.5 ng/mL). The proportion of patients with RHI<1.67 was also higher in the low 25(OH)D group than in the high 25(OH)D group (38% vs. 18%; p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified serum 25(OH)D levels <16.5 ng/mL was associated with increased odds of RHI <1.67 (odds ratio 4.598, 95% CI 1.961–10.783, p <0.001).Conclusions: The results demonstrated the association of serum 25(OH)D levels with endothelial function in T2D patients and identified serum 25(OH)D level of <16.5 ng/mL as a predictor of vascular endothelial dysfunction. Serum 25(OH)D level is a potentially useful marker of vascular endothelial dysfunction in T2D patients.
Analyses of Local Control of Pulmonary Oligometastases after Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy and Impact of Local Control on Survival
Authors: Yamamoto Takaya , Niibe Yuzuru , Aoki Masahiko , Shintani Takashi , Yamada Kazunari , Kobayashi Mitsuru , Yamashita Hideomi , Ozaki Masatoki , Manabe Yoshihiko , Onishi Hiroshi , Yahara Katsuya , Nishikawa Atsushi , Katsui Kuniaki , Oh Ryoong-Jin , Terahara Atsuro , Jingu Keiichi 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background
Successful local therapy for oligometastases may lead to longer survival. The purpose of this multicenter retrospective study was to investigate the effectiveness of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for pulmonary oligometastases and to investigate affecting factors for local control (LC).
Methods
The inclusion criteria was that SBRT for pulmonary oligometastases was the number of metastases was limited to 1 to 5, the primary lesion and other extrathoracic metastases were controlled before SBRT, and the biological effective dose (BED10) of SBRT was 75 Gy or more. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for analyses.
Results
Data for 1378 patients with 1547 tumors from 68 institutions were analyzed. The median follow-up period was 24.2 months. One-year, 3-year and 5-year LC rates were 92.1%, 81.3% and 78.6%, respectively, and 1-year, 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 90.1%, 60.3% and 45.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis for LC showed that increased maximum tumor diameter (p = 0.011), type A dose calculation algorithm (p = 0.005), shorter overall treatment time of SBRT (p = 0.035) and colorectal primary origin (p < 0.001 excluding esophagus origin) were significantly associated with lower LC rate. In survival analysis, local failure (p < 0.001), poorer performance status (1 vs. 0, p = 0.013; 2–3 vs. 0, p < 0.001), esophageal primary origin (vs. colorectal origin, p = 0.038), squamous cell carcinoma pathology of the primary lesion (vs. adenocarcinoma, p = 0.006) and increased maximum tumor diameter (p < 0.001) showed significant relationship with shorter survival.
Conclusions
LC of pulmonary oligometastases by SBRT showed a significant survival benefit compared to patients with local failure. Some important factors for achieving higher LC were revealed.
Numerical Simulation Study on Strain Rate Effect of Fiber Reinforced Composites
Authors: Ye Hui , Liu Chang , Zhu Yanrong 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In order to study the effect of strain rate effect on the simulation precision of fiber reinforced composites, the dynamic enhancement factor (DIF) was introduced to modify the modulus and strength of the composite, and the modified Hashin failure criterion was used to establish a three-dimensional progressive damage constitutive model of composite materials which could consider the strain rate effect. The model is embedded into the Abaqus software by VUMAT subroutine, and the simulation of the projectile penetrating the fiberglass reinforced composite laminates is carried out. The simulation results are compared with the experimental results and the constitutive model simulation results without considering the strain rate effect. The results show that the constitutive model with strain rate established in this paper can accurately simulate the process of projectile penetrating the laminates. Compared with the simulation results without strain rate, the accuracy is increased in the model with strain rate, respectively by 14.1% at the penetration speed of 1.8 m/s and by 22.7% at 3 m/s. The errors, between the simulation results of without strain rate and that of the experiments, are increased with the increase of penetration speed, and increase from 28.7% of 1.8 m/s to 36.9% of 3 m/s. The simulation error of constitutive model with strain rate is relatively stable.