bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soccer-Specific Agility: Reliability of a Newly Developed Test and Correlates of Performance
Authors: Altmann Stefan , Neumann Rainer , Ringhof Steffen , Rumpf Michael C. , Woll Alexander 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Altmann, S, Neumann, R, Ringhof, S, Rumpf, MC, and Woll, A. Soccer-specific agility: reliability of a newly developed test and correlates of rerformance. J Strength Cond Res 36(5): 1410–1416, 2022—The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of a newly developed soccer-specific agility test and to determine the correlation of different performance parameters with overall agility performance as measured by the total time. Twenty-two amateur soccer players (age, 25.1 ± 4.0 years) completed a newly developed agility test on 2 separate occasions. The test required the players to conduct 2 changes of direction, one in a preplanned manner and one in response to a stimulus that was provided by a live tester who performed different soccer-specific passing movements. Regarding reliability, very large Pearson's r and intraclass correlation coefficient values were obtained for the total time and the movement time, with moderate and large-to-very large values being evident for the response time and the decision-making time, respectively. The usefulness to detect moderate performance changes was rated as “good” for the total time, the response time, and the movement time. The decision-making time was rated as “OK.” The movement time showed a very large relationship with overall agility performance as measured by the total time, while the response time and the decision-making time showed small to moderate relationships. In conclusion, the newly developed soccer-specific agility test is a reliable tool to assess the agility performance of soccer players and can be used by coaches and researchers to detect moderate performance changes. Because physical aspects, represented by the movement time, showed the greatest influence on total agility performance, they are advised to be included in soccer-specific agility training programs of amateur players.
Regional Characteristics of Deformation and Failure of Coal and Rock under Local Loading
Authors: Zhao Hongbao , Wang Tao , Li Jinyu , Liu Yihong , Su Boyi 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
The deformation regional characteristics and fractal characteristics of crack propagation in raw coal and briquette coal under local loading were studied. The results show that the stress-strain curves of the two samples under local loading have typical stage characteristics, the deformation of the raw coal samples in the compaction stage is greater than that of the briquette coal samples, and the peak strength of the two samples increases linearly with the increase of the loading area. With the increase of loading time, the strain of the nonloading zone shows a slow growth stage and a strain stable stage. The farther away from the loading area, the smaller the strain and the strain rate are. Under local loading, the relation of the fractal dimension of the raw coal surface and strain can be described as a cubic function, while the relation can be expressed by a quadratic function for the briquette sample, and the relation of the fractal dimension and loading area of the raw coal and briquette both can be described as a quadratic function. Under uniaxial compression, the briquette coal mainly undergoes tensile failure, and the raw coal mainly undergoes x-type shear failure. Under local loading, the raw coal and briquette coal microcracks started propagation from the easy fracture zone, and the main control crack is located in the interface between the loading zone and the nonloading zone.
Response-Related Signals Increase Confidence But Not Metacognitive Performance
Authors: Filevich Elisa , Koß Christina , Faivre Nathan 
Published: April 2020

AbstractConfidence judgments are a central tool in metacognition research. In a typical task, participants first perform perceptual (first-order) decisions and then rate their confidence in these decisions. The relationship between confidence and first-order accuracy is taken as a measure of metacognitive performance. Confidence is often assumed to stem from decision-monitoring processes alone, but processes that co-occur with the first-order decision may also play a role in confidence formation. In fact, some recent studies have revealed that directly manipulating motor regions in the brain, or the time of first-order decisions relative to second-order decisions, affects confidence judgments. This finding suggests that confidence could be informed by a readout of reaction times in addition to decision-monitoring processes. To test this possibility, we assessed the contribution of response-related signals to confidence and, in particular, to metacognitive performance (i.e., a measure of the adequacy of these confidence judgments). In human volunteers, we measured the effect of making an overt (vs covert) decision, as well as the effect of pairing an action to the stimulus about which the first-order decision is made. Against our expectations, we found no differences in overall confidence or metacognitive performance when first-order responses were covert as opposed to overt. Further, actions paired to visual stimuli presented led to higher confidence ratings, but did not affect metacognitive performance. These results suggest that confidence ratings do not always incorporate motor information.
Early Restoration ofShank3Expression inShank3Knock-Out Mice Prevents Core ASD-Like Behavioral Phenotypes
Authors: Jaramillo Thomas C. , Xuan Zhong , Reimers Jeremy M. , Escamilla Christine O. , Liu Shunan , Powell Craig M. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractSeveral genes are associated with increased risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), neurodevelopmental disorders that present with repetitive movements and restricted interests along with deficits in social interaction/communication. While genetic alterations associated with ASD are present early in life, ASD-like behaviors are difficult to detect in early infancy. This raises the issue of whether reversal of an ASD-associated genetic alteration early in life can prevent the onset of ASD-like behaviors. Genetic alterations ofSHANK3, a well-characterized gene encoding a postsynaptic scaffolding protein, are estimated to contribute to ∼0.5% of ASD and remain one of the more replicated and well-characterized genetic defects in ASD. Here, we investigate whether early genetic reversal of aShank3mutation can prevent the onset of ASD-like behaviors in a mouse model. Previously, we have demonstrated that mice deficient inShank3display a wide range of behavioral abnormalities such as repetitive grooming, social deficits, anxiety, and motor abnormalities. In this study, we replicate many of these behaviors inShank3mutant mice. With early genetic restoration of wild-type (WT)Shank3, we rescue behaviors including repetitive grooming and social, locomotor, and rearing deficits. Our findings support the idea that the underlying mechanisms involving ASD behaviors in mice deficient inShank3are susceptible to early genetic correction ofShank3mutations.
Reduction of sulfur and oxidized forms of nitrogen by bacteria of Desulfuromonas sp., isolated from Yavorivske Lake, under the influence of ferrum citrate
Authors: Moroz O. M. , Hnatush S. O. , Maslovska O. D. , Yavorska G. V. , Borsukevych B. M. 
Published: April 2020

Technogenic reservoirs mainly contain several possible electron acceptors of anaerobic respiration, many of which are dangerous to the environment. The succession of their reduction (and thus detoxification) by sulfur reducing bacteria is not yet sufficiently studied. We investigated the influence of ferrum (III) citrate, present in the cultivation medium, on the reduction of sulfur, nitrate and nitrite ions by sulfur reducing bacteria Desulfuromonas acetoxidans IMV B-7384, Desulfuromonas sp. Yavor-5 and Desulfuromonas sp. Yavor-7, isolated from Yavorivske Lake. It was established that ferrum (III) citrate inhibits the biomass accumulation and hydrogen sulfide production by bacteria of Desulfuromonas sp. after simultaneous addition to the medium of 3.47 mM S0 and 1.74–10.41 mM ferrum (III) citrate, as compared with growth and hydrogen sulfide production by bacteria in the medium with only sulfur. In the medium with the same initial content (3.47 mM) S0 and ferrum (III) citrate bacteria produced ferrum (II) ions at concentrations 3.5–3.9 times higher than that of hydrogen sulfide. Ferrum (III) citrate inhibits the biomass accumulation, the nitrate or nitrite ions reduction and the ammonium ions production by bacteria of Desulfuromonas sp. after simultaneous addition to the medium of 3.47 mM NaNO3 or NaNO2 and 1.74–10.41 mM ferrum (III) citrate. In the medium with the same initial content (3.47 mM) NaNO3 and ferrum (III) citrate, bacteria produced ammonium ions at concentrations in 1.1 times higher than that of ferrum (II) ions. In the medium with the same initial content (3.47 mM) NaNO2 and ferrum (III) citrate, bacteria reduced 1.5–1.6 times more ferrum (III) than nitrite ions with production of ferrum (II) ions at concentrations 1.7 times higher than that of ammonium ions. The process of nitrate reduction carried out by bacteria of Desulfuromonas genus was less sensitive to the negative influence of ferrum (III) citrate, compared to the process of nitrite ions reduction. When the reduction of nitrate ions by bacteria in the presence of 1.74–10.41 mM ferrum (III) citrate decreased by 1.4–2.2 times, then the reduction of nitrite ions decreased by 1.8–3.2 times compared to their reduction in media with only NaNO3 or NaNO2, respectively. Although the reduction of ferrum (III) by cells in media with 3.47 mM S0, NaNO3 or NaNO2 and 1.74–10.41 mM ferrum (III) citrate decreased by 1.6–2.7, 1.6–2.7 and 1.1–2.2 times, respectively, compared to the reduction in medium with only ferrum (III) citrate, the investigated strains of bacteria were resistant to high concentrations of trivalent ferrum compounds and can therefore can be used in technologies of complex purification of environments polluted by heavy metal and nitrogen compounds.
Ecological-climatic characteristics of the flora of a floodplain landscape in Southeastern Europe
Authors: Baranovski B. А. , Karmyzova L. А. , Roshchyna N. O. , Ivanko I. A. , Karas O. G. 
Published: April 2020

Floodplain ecosystems take on the role of active areas of biodiversity and provide many “ecosystem services”, as evidenced by a number of European scientific references. A biodiversity analysis of river floodplains in six European countries within the temperate zone has shown that the floodplains are habitats with a high-level of structural and functional dynamics. The level of their conservation reflects the floristic diversity of forest territories, which is especially important for subarid areas. Recently, a comparison of bioecological characteristics of flora in floodplain forest areas and treeless territories was conducted on the floodplain landscapes of a subarid region of Europe. The valley-terraced landscape of the Samara River, a tributary of the Dnieper can serve as a reference site of native plant complexes of subarid territory in Eastern Europe. Despite long-term anthropogenic transformation, the landscape has retained a significant phytodiversity level. The flora of the Samara River area includes 887 plant species. Of these, 177 species belonging to the rare and endangered categories. The floodplain landscape is the richest in species and most diverse part of this complex. The flora of the Samara floodplain includes 728 species (including 132 rare ones), of which 631 grow in forest communities, and 487 – in anthropogenically transformed, treeless floodplain areas. As part of the forest flora, the number of tree and shrubby species, scyophytes, hygrophytes, and megatrophs significantly increases compared to treeless sites, and the number of ruderal plant species decreases. The floristic composition of the floodplain forests of the subarid region is much richer and more diverse than the flora of the treeless floodplain areas, and this should encourage measures for their protection and restoration. Afforestation of floodplain territories within the steppe zone of Ukraine should be a priority in comparison with other landscapes. For the protection of the flora studied, a scientific justification for creating the National Park "Samara Bor" was prepared. Under the conditions of anthropogenic and climatic impact, this article is of great global importance for attracting the attention of specialists, authorities and society to the protection and restoration of biodiversity in the most valuable landscapes.
The effect of soil and climatic conditions on the distribution of nutrients in Actinidia arguta leaves
Authors: Zaimenko N. V. , Skrypchenko N. V. , Ivanytska B. O. , Klymchuk D. O. , Novychenko N. S. , Liu D. 
Published: April 2020

The patterns of the distribution of nutrients in kiwiberry (Actinidia arguta (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq.), family Actinidiaceae (Gilg & Werderm), leaves growing under different soil and climatic conditions (Ukraine and China) were studied. Using scanning electron microscopy, significant differences were shown in the distribution of assimilates and mineral nutrients in the leaves of kiwiberry cultivated under different climate and soil conditions (Kyiv city, Ukraine and Jiamusi, China). The leaves of plants grown in China have higher concentration of all of the studied nutrients exception for silicon. The differences found in the content of macro- and microelements in plant tissues are consistent with their total content in the soil, and depend on the synthesis of low molecular weight organic compounds, namely, hydroxybenzoic, benzoic and triterpene acids. An increase in the silicon content in the leaves of kiwiberry plants grown in Ukraine indicates the moisture deficit in the soil. This conclusion is confirmed by the anatomical differences viz. the presence of additional integumentary formations and fewer stomata number per 1 mm2 of leaf surface. The specific feature of ‘Perlyna sadu’ cultivar was high concentrations of sodium and aluminum in the foliar tissues, regardless of the place of growth. The analysis of the distribution of nutrients in the leaves located along the stem showed remobilization of the former within the three layers: the lower one nourishes the roots, the upper one nourishes the leaves in the active growth phase and the middle one allocates the assimilates in both directions. A significant positive relationship was found between the biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments and electrophysiological activity, especially for the leaves of the lower zone. The revealed differentiation into layers differing in polarity of bioelectric potentials and the distribution of assimilates suggests functional differentiation of the kiwiberry leaves. In particular, the leaves of the lower layer perform a storage function. The middle part is less conservative and characterized by higher sensitivity to environmental factors performs a mainly synthetic function. The upper layer performs an active growth function. The results of the comparative analysis of the indicators of the number of chloroplasts in the mesophyll cells proved that the obtained dependence can be used as a diagnostic criterion in assessing the predicted plant productivity at the early stages of their development.
<i>La Masonería en la Independencia de América. Tres siglos de fundación de la masonería simbólica (1717-2017)</i>, editado por Diana Elvira Soto, Miguel Ángel Puig-Samper y José Pascual Mora-García
Authors: Aguiar Bobet Valeria 
Published: April 2020

La Masonería en la Independencia de América. Tres siglos de fundación de la masonería simbólica (1717-2017) de Diana Elvira Soto, Miguel Ángel Puig-Samper y José Pascual Mora-García como editores de la publicación, recoge una serie de artículos-conferencias realizadas en el “IX coloquio de historia social y de las ciencias” celebrado en marzo de 2014 en las ciudades de Cartagena de Indias y Santa Cruz de Mompox. La monografía reúne varias investigaciones en torno al complejo fenómeno de la masonería y su relación con la independencia de los países americanos, los tópicos asociados a los próceres criollos protagonistas de estos procesos y el debate sinfín sobre la responsabilidad de la masonería en estas historias.
Efficacy of Myrmecodia Platytyrae (MyP) Water Extract in Reducing Cholesterol Level in Hypercholesterolemia Induced Sprague Dawley Rat
Authors: Hasan M. K. Nik , Wahab I. Abdul , Mizaton H. H. , Rasadah M. A. 
Published: April 2020

Myrmecodia plant or ant-nest plant is from Rubiaceae family. Rubiaceae are mainly tropical woody plants, consist mostly of trees and shrubs and can be found in temperate regions. Myrmecodia platytyrea (MyP) are believed to have medicinal value. This study was designed in order to investigate the effect of MyP extract as anti hypercholesterolemic agent. The results showed that treatment of MyP can significantly reduce (p<0.05) low density lipoprotein (LDL) compared to negative control group. The extract was significantly increase (p<0.05) high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration compared to negative control group. Besides that, MyP increased fecal cholesterol and fecal bile compared to normal control group. It was also found that lipid profile was significantly decreased (p<0.05) in MyP treatment group. All biochemistry data showed that MyP water extract was not toxic at all.
Hearing loss in patients with head and neck cancer post chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Begh Raies Ahmad , Koul Disha , Saraf Aditiya , Kalsotra Parmod 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of the study was to study incidence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and conductive hearing loss (CHL) in patients receiving chemoradiation for head and neck malignancies and to ascertain the pattern of hearing loss in different frequencies.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present study was conducted on 100 patients of histopathologically proven head and neck malignancy admitted in Department of Otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery, SMGS Hospital, GMC Jammu during a time period of July 2017 to June 2019.Inclusion criteria for our study were patients with primary site of malignancy at nasal cavity, nasopharynx, oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, hypopharynx and salivary glands undergoing chemo-radiotherapy. Hearing loss was calculated with reference to the pre-treatment hearing threshold. A decrease of &gt;20 dB in single frequency or &gt;10 dB in two or more consecutive frequency was considered significant. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In the study, 65 patients (65%) developed sensorineural hearing loss and 22 patient (22%) developed conductive hearing loss during course of treatment. However, 7 patients (7%) developed a mixed type hearing loss during course of treatment.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Although chemo radiation affects all the frequencies significantly but SNHL is markedly seen in higher frequencies. Conductive hearing loss is also a common adverse event after radiotherapy to the upper head and neck area.</p>
Hearing assessment in chronic kidney disease patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jain Sachin , Upadhyay Ved Prakash , Aftab Mohammed , Singh Ram Siya , Dubey Abhishek Kumar , Singh Himani Naresh 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> It is well known that chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes different systemic and otorhinolaryngologic manifestations due to the accumulation of waste products, osmotic alteration, and antigenic similarity between basement membrane of the glomerulus and stria vascularis of the inner ear. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study subjects were divided into two groups, 50 CKD patients and 50 healthy volunteers in age group 15-60 years. All CKD patients and controls were subjected to hearing assessment using standard pure tone audiometry. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> For low frequency hearing loss increased from stage 2 and 3 to stage 4 and 5, and for high frequency hearing loss among stage 2 and 3 CKD patients was mild to moderate (65.22%) in nature and hearing loss increased in intensity (i.e. severe to profound) in stage 4 and 5 of CKD patients. Dialysis patients were having more severe hearing loss in comparison to non dialysis patients. Hearing loss was negatively correlated with the eGFR. And positively correlated with the duration of the disease (CKD).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study highlights the pattern of hearing loss in people suffering from chronic kidney disease who were either on dialysis or not on dialysis. Early identification can prevent further deterioration of hearing in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease.</p>
Prevalence of congenital non syndromic hearing loss among offspring of consanguineous marriage: a pilot study
Authors: K. S. Gangadhar , Bhaktha Geetha , B. Manjula , P. Nageshwari 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Mutations in the gene encoding the gap-junction protein connexin-26, is understood to be the most important cause of non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL). An attempt to identify the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for W24X mutation was done. Consanguineous marriage was seen among the NSHL subjects.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> SNP was identified using restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR). Forty-five subjects were screened for congenital hearing loss. Twenty subjects matched the inclusion criteria and were included in the study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 5 out of 20 subjects were found to have mutation i.e., 25%. Though consanguinity is known to cause autosomal recessive defect, the same could not be depicted in this study.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> 25% of the study population had a mutation in their gene and the rest though had consanguineous marriage had not been affected genotypically.</p>
Assess the hearing of contralateral ear in patients with unilateral chronic squamosal otitis media
Authors: Khan Raphella , Kasliwal Anirudh 
Published: April 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic squamosal otitis media can occur due to many conditions affecting the middle ear. Most common sign of developing a chronic squamosal otitis media is formation of a retraction pocket in the tympanic membrane leading to further development of a cholesteatoma and if not treated properly, may lead to development of dangerous complication in the affected ear. These etiological factors may also affect the other ear. It is therefore very necessary to assess and diagnose the contralateral ear, so that the disease can be intervened and treated at the right time, to prevent any deterioration in hearing of the contralateral ear.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The prospective study was done in 100 patients with unilateral chronic squamosal otitis media, where the contra lateral ear was examined and assessed for any hearing loss. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> We found hearing loss in the contra lateral ear ranging from mild conductive hearing loss to sensorineural hearing loss with the maximum patients with mild conductive hearing loss (42%) and lowest in sensorineural hearing loss (1%). </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In our study, 76 patients were seen with conductive hearing loss. Out of that, 42% patients were seen with mild conductive hearing loss, 30% with moderate conductive hearing loss and 4% with severe conductive hearing loss. 20% patients were seen with normal hearing. 3% patients were seen with mixed hearing loss and only 1% patient was seen with sensorineural hearing loss in contralateral ear.</p>