bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thank Martin Luther that ciprofloxacin could cure your gonorrhoea? Ecological association between Protestantism and antimicrobial consumption in 30 European countries
Authors: Kenyon Chris , Fatti Geoffrey 
Published: October 2020

Background:Higher consumption of antimicrobials plays an important role in driving the higher prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Southern compared to Northern Europe. Poor controls on corruption (CoC), high uncertainty avoidance (UA) and performance vs. cooperation orientation (POCO) of societies have been found to explain much of this higher consumption in Southern European countries. We hypothesized that these predictors were in turn influenced by the Protestant Reformation in the 16thcentury onwards.Methods:We used structural equation modelling (SEM) to assess the relationships between country-level proportions being Protestant, CoC, UA, POCO and four markers of antimicrobial consumption in the community (all antibacterials, cephalosporin, macrolides and fluoroquinolones).Results:The proportion of a country that was Protestant was negatively correlated with the consumption of all antibacterials. SEM revealed that UA predicted all antibacterial consumption (direct effect coef. 0.15, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.04-0.26). The proportion Protestant exerted an indirect effect on consumption (coef. -0.13, 95% CI -0.21- -0.05). This effect was mediated predominantly via its effect on UA (direct effect coef. 0.15, 95% CI 0.04-0.26). The model explained 37% of the variation in consumption. Similar results were obtained for each of the other three classes of antimicrobials investigated.Conclusions:Our results are compatible with the theory that contemporary differences in antimicrobial consumption in Europe stem in part from cultural differences that emerged in the Reformation. These findings may explain the differential efficacy of similar antibiotic stewardship campaigns in Northern and Southern European populations.
Electronic–photonic convergence for silicon photonics transmitters beyond 100 Gbps on–off keying
Authors: Li Ke , Liu Shenghao , Thomson David J. , Zhang Weiwei , Yan Xingzhao , Meng Fanfan , Littlejohns Callum G. , Du Han , Banakar Mehdi , Ebert Martin , Cao Wei , Tran Dehn , Chen Bigeng , Shakoor Abdul , Petropoulos Periklis , Reed Graham T. 
Published: October 2020

We present design concepts for optical modulators without using any equalization or bespoke fabrication techniques. The demonstrated silicon photonics transmitter can operate at 100 Gbps OOK, while the power efficiency of the driver is 2.03 pJ/bit.
Expansion and inflammation of white adipose tissue - focusing on adipocyte progenitors
Authors: Liu Wenjing , Li Dahui , Cao Handi , Li Haoyun , Wang Yu 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Adipose tissue is an important organ in our body, participating not only in energy metabolism but also immune regulation. It is broadly classified as white (WAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissues. WAT is highly heterogeneous, composed of adipocytes, various immune, progenitor and stem cells, as well as the stromal vascular populations. The expansion and inflammation of WAT are hallmarks of obesity and play a causal role in the development of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. The primary event triggering the inflammatory expansion of WAT remains unclear. The present review focuses on the role of adipocyte progenitors (APS), which give rise to specialized adipocytes, in obesity-associated WAT expansion, inflammation and fibrosis.
Tact or frankness in English and Russian blind peer reviews
Authors: Larina Tatiana , Ponton Douglas Mark 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn a context of increasing globalization of academic discourse, considerations of the impact of culture on different communicative genres and discursive practices become more relevant than ever, as the construction of pragmatic meaning and its appropriate interpretation by the recipient is seen to depend on lexico-grammatical features whose use is greatly affected by cultural factors. This paper concerns the genre of blind peer review, and examines how disagreement and negative evaluation are expressed in two cultural and linguistic settings, and to what extent they are mitigated. It is based on peer reviews submitted, in English and Russian, to the Russian Journal of Linguistics, in which the reviewer provides a negative evaluation (either “reject” or “to be resubmitted after substantial revisions”). Such reviews entail possible face damage, in the terms of (Brown and Levinson 1978); and therefore one might expect reviewers to engage in discursive strategies of mitigation. The paper analyses 120 authentic blind reviews (70 Russian and 50 British English), using a pragmatic, contextual and contrastive methodology. Drawing on discourse analysis, intercultural pragmatics, (im)politeness theory and cultural studies, we explore the construction of alternative meanings in reviewers’ messages, and theorise that consideration for the face requirements of the reviewee and politeness strategies, may account not only for individual but also culture-specific choices. The results show that, as well as variations in reviewers’ individual styles, there are some culture-specific traits in this area. Mitigation strategies are more typical of English communication than Russian. We account for these differences in terms of the sociocultural context, value differences and the use of different mechanisms of politeness. Our results suggest that politeness is based on different communicative styles and expressive traditions, which appear to vary across cultures.
Innovative Empirical Model for Predicting National Banks’ Financial Failure with Artificial Intelligence Subset Data Analysis in the United States
Authors: Kasztelnik Karina 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThe principal objective of this research study was to investigate the impact of the Great Economic Recession of 2008 on national banks’ equity investment valuations and create an empirical model for predicting national banks’ financial failure in the United States. The focal period of the study was from 2009 to 2012, and public data sources used. It is not known to what extent national banks’ stock value investments are based on the return on equity. This causal-comparative study explores the degree to which national banks’ value investment in terms of the price to earnings ratio impacts their return on equity and the extent to which these banks’ stock value investment in terms of dividend yield impacts their return on equity. We used statistical modeling and the machine learning model to find hidden patterns in the input data. The principal finding of this research is that the median earnings per share in 2012 and the dividend yield in 2009 were significantly larger than the median return on equity in 2009 and 2012. Additionally, the dividend yield in 2012 was significantly smaller than the median return on equity in 2012. These findings can contribute to improving our understanding of how banks can predict financial failure using the new machine learning features of artificial intelligence to build an early warning system with the innovative risk measurement tool.
Israël, Jésus et les apôtres : summa memoriae christiana
Authors: Butticaz Simon 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article aims at describing the Lukan project by applying – in the wake of other scholars – social memory theories to Luke’s double work. In particular, it argues that the type of memory and its criteria defined by Jan Assmann on the basis of the Deuteronomy can help explain the nature of the narrative composed by the auctor ad Theophilum as well as its originality in an early Christian context marked by a proliferation of books and other traditions of the origins of the Church (cf. Luke 1:1a.2.4).
A Naked Seed: Platonism, Stoicism, or Agriculture in 1Cor 15,37?
Authors: Cook John Granger 
Published: October 2020

AbstractPaul’s expression in 1Cor 15,37, γυμνὸς κόκκος, has nothing whatsoever to do with a Platonist naked soul or Stoic imagery of sowing and seeds. The context itself indicates that an immortal Platonic soul is not the reference of γυμνὸς κόκκος. The Platonist texts and the Stoic imagery of sowing and seeds do not resemble Paul’s affirmations in 1Cor 15,37. Instead, texts from Greek biology and agriculture are far more illuminating. The naked seed of 1Cor 15,37 are a metaphor for sown dead bodies. The context and comparative texts indicate Paul’s fundamental analogy: the naked seed is to the sown body as the plant body is to the body that will be.
ADHD at Age 7 and Functional Impairments at Age 10
Authors: Efron Daryl , Nicholson Jan M. , Anderson Vicki , Silk Tim , Ukoumunne Obioha C. , Gulenc Alisha , Hazell Philip , Jongeling Brad , Sciberras Emma 
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) cohort studies have typically involved clinical samples and have usually recruited children across wide age ranges, limiting generalizability across complexity and developmental stage. We compared academic, emotional-behavioral and social functioning at age 10, and predictors of outcomes, in a nonreferred cohort of children recruited at age 7, between those with full-syndrome (FS) ADHD and controls with no ADHD.

METHODS:
This was a prospective cohort study with a 3-year follow-up period. Children were recruited from 43 socioeconomically diverse schools in Melbourne, Australia. Multi-informant outcomes at age 10 were academic functioning (Wide Range Achievement Test 4; Social Skills Improvement System), emotional-behavioral functioning (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire total), and social functioning (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire peer problems). Outcomes were compared across the groups by using adjusted random-effects linear regression analyses.

RESULTS:
In total, 477 children (62% male) were recruited at a mean (SD) age of 7.3 years (0.4). There were 179 participants with FS ADHD, 86 with ST ADHD, and 212 controls. Sample retention was 78.2% at 3-year follow-up. Both the FS and ST groups were functioning worse than controls on almost all outcome measures. The best predictors of outcome for children with ADHD were working memory (academic outcome, P &lt; .001), ADHD symptom severity (emotional-behavioral outcome, parent: P &lt; .001; teacher: P &lt; .01), and autism spectrum disorder symptoms (emotional-behavioral outcome, parent P = .003; social outcome, parent P = .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Children with FS and ST ADHD at age 7 experience persisting functional impairments across domains at age 10. The predictors identified at age 7 present potential targets for intervention to ameliorate impairments.
Perbandingan Fartlek dan Small Side Games terhadap Peningkatan Vo2max pada Siswa Ekstrakurikuler
Authors: Syaroni Fajar Dwi , Aryananda Wiajaya Kusuma I Dewa Made 
Published: October 2020

Kadar VO2max pada atlet futsal dapat dipengaruhi oleh pemberian latihan fartlek dan small side games. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan dua metode latihan yaitu latihan fartlek dan latihan small side games terhadap peningkatan VO2max. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan sampel berjumlah 20 orang siswa menggunakan teknik total sampling. Instrumen pengambilan data menggunakan multistage fitness tes. Teknik analisis data menggunakan paired sampel t-test da independent sampel t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kelompok fartlek mengalami rata-rata peningkatan VO2max sebesar 1,85 ml/kg/mnt, pada kelompok small side games mengalami rata-rata peningkatan VO2max sebesar 1,95 ml/kg/mnt. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok fartlek dan small side games terhadap peningkatan nilai VO2max. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah metode latihan fartlek dan small side games meningkatkan VO2max namun tidak terdapat perbedaan di antara keduanya terhadap peningkatan VO2max.
Population Pyramid And Economic Growth: An Econometric analysis of Sri Lanka
Authors: Kumarasinghe Pivithuru Janak , Wickramasinghe Anuraj 
Published: October 2020

Economists are torn between basically three schools of thoughts where the first theory states that the population growth will stimulate the economic growth of a country and other believes that the population growth will bring detrimental or adverse impact to the economic growth. Not only that, but there is another school of thought, which believes that the population growth is a neutral factor in economic growth. Given this diverse of opinions, through this study it is expected to established a firm relationship between the population growth and the economic growth of Sri Lanka. This study developed an econometric model using time series data from 1980 to 2015 and tested the relationship not only the GDP of Sri Lanka, but other significant variables of an economy such as Domestic Savings, Private consumption and Total Investment as well. The results of this study indicate absence of a long term relationship between the population growth and the GDP of Sri Lanka and there will be no any relationship between the other selected variables and the population growth of Sri Lanka. The Granger Causality Analysis found out a unidirectional relationship between the GDP and the population growth, running from population growth to GDP. The study concludes that in Sri Lankan context, the population growth will not have any significant impact on the economic growth.
The impact of Knowledge Management (KM) and Organizational Commitment (OC) on employee job satisfaction (EJS) in banking sector of Pakistan
Authors: Najeeb Muhammad Mohsin , Hanif Muhammad Imran , Abdul Hamid Abu Bakar 
Published: October 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of knowledge management practices and organizational commitment could be a way to nurture job satisfaction and examine how knowledge management practices and organizational commitment can increase individual employees’ job satisfaction.
Design/methodology/approach: A theoretical model concerning the connections between sixfacets of Knowledge Management (knowledge acquisition, knowledge sharing, knowledge creation, knowledge application,knowledge codification and knowledge retention), two facets of Organizational Commitment (Keeping up organizational image and Responding to organizational greediness)and job satisfaction is proposed. Then data is collected through face to face questionnaire and also online web based questionnaires and sample is selected on convenience based from the banking sector organization of Pakistan.
Findings:organization commitmentand knowledge management process in one’s working environment is significantly linked with high employee job satisfaction. Especially intra-organizational knowledge sharing knowledge application and knowledge creationalso organization commitment (coping with attachment) seems to be a key factors promoting satisfaction with one’s job in most employee.
Practical implications:organization commitment and knowledge management has a strong impact on employee job satisfaction, and therefore, managers are advised to implement knowledge management and organization commitment activities in their organizations, not only for the sake of improving knowledge worker performance but also for improving their well-being at work.
Originality/value: This paper produces knowledge on a practices of KM and organizational commitment that has been largely unexplored in previous all research, individual job satisfaction. Also, it promotes the knowledge management and organizational commitmentliterature to the next stage where the impact of knowledge management and organizational commitment is not explored as a “one size fits all” type of a phenomenon, but rather as a contingent and contextual issue.
Keywords:Knowledge Management, Knowledge Management Practices,Knowledge Acquisition, Knowledge Sharing, Knowledge Creation, Knowledge Codification, Knowledge Retention, Organizational Commitment, Job satisfaction.
The Learning Experiences of Guro 21 Completers: A Phenomenology
Authors: Burgos Manolita Hernaez 
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this undertaking was to describe the learning experiences of GURO 21 Completers in the workplace. Employing phenomenological approach with 14 GURO 21 completers, who underwent in depth interview and focused group discussion, the results of the interview were transcribed, translated and coded to produce root and branch codes. As regards to the experiences, the following were the emerged themes:overload of tasks and responsibilities, scarce technological and financial resource, opportunity to be under tutelage of first-rate mentors, personal and professional achievement, heightened commitment and capability, reinforced instructional competence. As to their coping strategies, the themes were: collaboration and sharing, embracing technology, organization and planning, creativity and innovation and diligence and commitment. As to their aspirations, the themes generated were PLLP is an indispensable tool, 21st Century teachers are life-long learners, 21st Century teachers have special traits and competencies and 21st Century teaching require suitable resources and facilities.
Managing a culturally diverse workforce: A managerial accountant perspective
Authors: Hugo Jacques , Sauerman Roelof , Schutte Hannorite , Schutte Danie , Eeden Eben Van 
Published: October 2020

The role of the Management Accountant has seen a dramatic shift in the past century as the primary function has gradually moved from a technical to a strategic role that focuses on creating a competitive advantage for the organization. This shift from “measuring” to “managing” demands that the management accountant possess a broader range of skills, specifically softer skills, that is needed for managing and leading the people of the organisation in their roles. However, the 21st century work place is much more culturally diverse in its workforce today, than it was in previous decades. This diversity of the people in the organization has the potential to create unequalled competitive advantage if managed well, or to it has the potential to sink an organization if not managed well. This study aims at exploring different models that can be used by the management accountant to be better at understanding and ultimately managing the people within the company in a way that brings the best out of the diversity of its people in working to create a sustainable competitive advantage.
Quality of Service in Mobile Telecommunications in Albania – Application of Marketing Strategies
Authors: Mario Gjoni 
Published: October 2020

The sector of telecommunication services in Albania has undergone enormous changes over the past two decades. The decline in fixed services in number in prices but more importantly the decline in the use and perception of customers and the amazing growth of mobile services were mostly observed in any city in Albania. This paper takes into consideration mobile services and their marketing strategies, as they reach this market and how to fulfill their objectives. The focus of this study in marketing strategies and marketing mix will be specifically the quality of service that is offered by cellular companies in Albania. Also, the strategy applied will be tested if it delivers or better to say the translation in the quality perceived by the customer and their assessment of their respective companies. The study was conducted in the Albanian market in the years 2016-2017. The study will include a representative sample for the Albanian market and measure and compare the quality of services through instruments such as Servqual. In the data analysis it shows that there are statistically significant differences in the quality offered by mobile companies in Albania and the quality perceived by the client, even though the services offered, packages and products are of a more homogeneous nature. The primary data obtained in this study indicate that companies in addition to suitable marketing strategies and benchmarking with other market players should bear in mind the integrated marketing communication and placing customer and values at the center of services offered.
Awareness of Employee Compensation and its Effect on Employee Motivation
Authors: Muneeb Ataullah , Ahmad Ali 
Published: October 2020

Motivation of the employees plays an essential role to help an organization achieve effectively the objectives in terms of productivity and commitment of its employees. Considering the importance of employees’ motivation, we conducted a research in Nangarhar province of Afghanistan to find whether employees are really affected by the compensation. In other words, what factors can influence the motivation of employees within a company? The data for the study is randomly obtained from 350 employees of distinct private and public organizations through five-likert scale adopted questionnaire. To obtain consistent study results, the ordinary least square an econometric assessment method was used. The results show that rewards have positive and statistically significant impacts on the motivation of employees. Our findings also show that the impact on employee motivation is positive on financial and non-financial benefits. This means that organizations provide their employees with both financial and non-financial benefits, thus strengthening employee motivation. However, the findings also indicate that intrinsic rewards, extrinsic rewards, and job satisfaction have a considerable influence on employee motivation.
Therefore, we strongly recommend both private and public organizations to motivate their employees through compensations.
The Measurement of Impacts of External Financing on The Risk Level of Viet Nam Construction Material Industry During and After The Global Crisis 2007-2011
Authors: Huy Dinh Tran Ngoc 
Published: October 2020

This research paper aims to analyze the impacts of external financing on market risk for the listed firms in the Viet nam construction material industry, esp. after the financial crisis 2007-2009.
First, by using quantitative and analytical methods to estimate asset and equity beta of total 57 listed companies in Viet Nam construction material industry with a proper traditional model, we found out that the beta values, in general, for many institutions are acceptable.
Second, under 3 different scenarios of changing leverage (in 2011 financial reports, 30% up and 20% down), we recognized that the risk level, measured by equity and asset beta mean, decreases when leverage increases to 30% and vice versa.
Third, by changing leverage in 3 scenarios, we recognized the dispersion of risk level increases (measured by equity beta var) if the leverage increases to 30%.
Finally, this paper provides some outcomes that could provide companies and government more evidence in establishing their policies in governance.
A Comparative Analysis of Defensive Routines and Theories-In-Use of Engineering and Non-Engineering Managers
Authors: Cudney Elizabeth A. 
Published: October 2020

Engineering managers are managers who have an understanding of both the technical and business aspects of organizations. However, the success of an engineering manager depends on being knowledgeable in both the business and technical functions of an organization. There is a perception that engineers experience challenges in areas such as communication, conflict resolution, and leadership. Defensive routines are actions implemented as a result of being in an embarrassing or threatening situation. This research uses a case study approach to measure whether defensive routines are more common in engineering managers or non-engineering managers. 27 managers created case studies based on their unique experiences as managers. These case studies were scored and the results show that defensive routines are more common in engineering managers than non-engineering mangers.