bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The results of repeat manipulation under ultrasound-guided cervical nerve block (MUC) for recurrence of frozen shoulder.
Authors: Oshiro Tatsuki , Yagi Masayoshi , Harada Kazuki , Park Kieun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the clinical results of a repeat manipulation under ultrasound-guided cervical nerve root block (MUC) for recurrence of idiopathic frozen shoulder after MUC. Methods A consecutive series of 42 shoulders in 39 patients with idiopathic frozen shoulder underwent MUC. All patients were assessed according to the American Shoulder Elbow Surgeon (ASES) score and shoulder range of motion (ROM) both before MUC and at one-year thereafter. If patients continued to have pain and limited ROM at 3 months after the procedure, they were offered a repeat MUC. Such patients were also assessed before the procedure and at 3 months and one-year thereafter. Results The initial MUC was successful in 31 shoulders (single group). Repeat MUC was required in 11 shoulders (repeat group). Patients in the single group showed significant improvement in ROM and ASES score at one-year after the procedure (p<0.001); similarly, patients in the repeat group had significant improvement in ROM and ASES score at 3 months and one-year after the procedure (p<0.001). Patients in the repeat group had had significantly more severely limited ROM (p<0.01) and decreased ASES score (p<0.001) before the procedure compared with those in the single group. Conclusions A repeat MUC is a valuable option before proceeding to surgery for recurrence of idiopathic frozen shoulder. When there is severely limited ROM and decreased ASES score before the MUC, a repeat MUC may be　necessary, which would require the patient’s informed consent. Trial registration Retrospectively registered.
The efficacy of serum copeptin and zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein for predictors of tolvaptan treatment in decompensated cirrhotic patients
Authors: Shigefuku Ryuta , Iwasa Motoh , Eguchi Akiko , Tempaku Mina , Tamai Yasuyuki , Suzuki Tatsuya , Takei Yoshiyuki 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Aim
The efficacy of tolvaptan, an orally active vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist, has recently been reported in patients with refractory ascites unresponsive to conventional diuretics. However, the effect of tolvaptan varies among patients. Recently, the prognostic role of tolvaptan response in decompensated liver cirrhosis (LC) is also attracts attention. Our aim is to elucidate predictive factors using serum copeptin (vasopressin precursor), zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG), cystatin C (renal biomarker), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) that portend a good response to tolvaptan in LC patients with ascites.
Methods
We enrolled 113 LC patients and divided into tolvaptan treatment group and non-treatment group. Tolvaptan (3.75 or 7.5 mg/day) was administrated to 38 LC patients with ascites and a follow-up assessment occurred after a 7-day tolvaptan treatment regimen.
Results
We revealed predictive ability for kidney and/or liver damage in serum copeptin, ZAG, cystatin C, NGAL and L-FABP levels in all patients. Post 7-day tolvaptan treatment, 19 patients lost more than 1.5 kg of their body weight (Responders), while 19 patients did not change their body weight significantly (Non-responders). Basal blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels (p = 0.0014), serum copeptin (p = 0.0265) and serum ZAG levels (p = 0.0142) were significantly higher in the Non-responders. BUN (odds ratio 7.43, p = 0.0306), copeptin (odds ratio 9.12, p = 0.0136) and ZAG (odds ratio 7.43, p = 0.0306) were determined to be predictive factors of drug responsiveness using multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Conclusion
Serum BUN, copeptin and ZAG levels predict patient response to tolvaptan even when measured prior to treatment.
Scar Quality Examination Comparing Titanium Coated Suture Material and Non-Coated Suture Material on Flap Donor sites in Reconstructive Surgery
Authors: Berninghausen Laura Katharina , Osterhoff Georg , Langer Stefan , Kohler Lukas Herbert 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
OBJECTIVES Wound healing and scar quality after trauma are subject to impairment through excessive wound healing, chronic wound or even surgical site infections. Optimizing the process of scar formation and skin healing is crucial in virtually all fields of medicine. In this regard, we tested the possible usage and advantages of titanium coated suture material. METHODS We performed a prospective observational cohort study including 30 patients who underwent soft tissue reconstruction. One half of the donor flap site was sutured with titanium coated suture material, while the other half was closed with non-coated sutures . Scar quality of the donor flap site was assessed by photographs and POSAS scores on days 2-5, 14, 42, 72 and 180 postoperatively. RESULTS No difference between the titanium coated sutures and non-coated sutures was seen in the POSAS assessment, neither for the patient scale at 14, 42, 72 and 180 days, nor for the observer scale on the same dates. Comorbidities like diabetes, chronic renal failure and smoking as well as the BMI of each patient affected the wound healing process to an equal degree on both sides of the suture. CONCLUSION No difference between titanium coated and non-titanium-coated suture material was seen in the POSAS assessment in regard to scar quality and wound healing. The titanium-coated suture material can be considered to be equally as effective and safe in all qualities as the non-titanium-coated suture material, even in patients with comorbidities.
Endovascular Treatment of Vertebral and Basilar Artery Aneurysms with Low-Profile Visualized Intraluminal Support Device
Authors: Hong Quanlong , Li Wenqiang , Ma Jing , Jiang Peng , Zhang Yisen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The Low-profile Visualized Intraluminal Support (LVIS) device is a self-expanding, nitinol, single-braid, closed-cell device that was recently developed for endovascular embolization of intracranial aneurysms. However, current knowledge regarding the use of LVIS devices to treat vertebral and basilar artery aneurysms is limited. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of the LVIS device for treating vertebral and basilar artery aneurysms.Methods: Between January 2015 and December 2017, patients with vertebral and basilar artery aneurysms treated using LVIS stents were enrolled in this study. We analyzed patients’ demographic, clinical and aneurysmal characteristics, procedural details, complications, and angiographic and clinical follow-up results.Results: We identified 63 patients with 64 vertebral and basilar artery aneurysms who underwent treatment with (n=59) or without (n=5) LVIS stenting, including 10 patients with ruptured aneurysms. Forty-one aneurysms were located at the vertebral artery, and 23 at the basilar artery. Intraprocedural-related complications developed in three (4.8%) patients, while none of these patients developed morbidities or died during follow-up. Three patients developed post-procedural complications (4.8%). Two patients experienced ischemic events immediately post-procedure. A minor permanent morbidity developed in one of the two patients (1.6%). The mortality rate was 1.6%, for that the patient died of brainstem hemorrhage after 1 month of follow-up. At a mean follow-up of 12.5 months, 39/43 (90.7%) patients had stable or improved aneurysms, and four (9.3%) had recanalized.Conclusions: Endovascular treatment of vertebral and basilar artery aneurysms with the LVIS device is feasible, safe, and effective in the short-term. Long-term and larger cohort studies are necessary to validate our results.
Exploring the Roles of 5-HTTLPR, STin2, 5-HT2A, and TPH2 Variants in Heroin Dependence
Authors: Chiang Hung , Wu Hung-Chi , Tsai Jui-Kang , Kao Wei-Tsung 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Substance abuse is a major worldwide public health and social problem. The serotonergic system, specifically the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and postsynaptic activation of the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2A), may play a relevant role in substance dependence. This study investigated the association of 5-HTTLPR, serotonin transporter intron 2 (STin2), 5-HT2A, and tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) variants with heroin dependence and determined genetic predispositions to heroin dependence and heroin co-occurring disorders.Methods: This study comprised 36 case and 24 control subjects. All participants completed self-reported questionnaires which included items regarding demographic information, the Chinese Health Questionnaire (CHQ), Eysenck Personality Inventory, Parental Bonding Instrument, and the Taiwanese version of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20. Heroin-dependent subjects underwent further examinations including hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and venereal disease research laboratory tests. Genomic DNA was extracted from 3.5 mL of peripheral blood in all participants for genotyping of 5-HTTLPR, STin2, 5-HT2A, and TPH2. Results: The heroin-dependent subjects were older than the control subjects (t=19.091, p<0.001). Statistically significant differences in education level (t=83.66, p<0.001), sex distribution (χ2=32.642, p<0.001), marriage status (χ2=6.705, p=0.035), and smoking status (χ2=60.00, p<0.001) were observed between heroin-dependent and control subjects. The CHQ score in the heroin-dependent subjects was higher than that in the control group (t=20.944, p<0.001). Statistically significant differences in father care (t=5.031, p=0.029) and father protection (t=4.170, p=0.046) distributions were observed between heroin-dependent and control subjects. Conclusions: Older males, divorced subjects, and smokers had higher risks of heroin dependence, while subjects who received more education had a lower risk of heroin dependence. Heroin-dependent subjects had higher CHQ scores and lower father care and higher father protection.
Preparing Lifelong Learners for Delivering Pharmaceutical Care in an Ever-Changing World: A Study of Pharmacy Students
Authors: Khamis Sarah , Abdi Abdikarim Mohamed , Basgut Bilgen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Continuing professional development (CPD) continues to gain acceptance as a model for health care professionals to engage in lifelong learning (LLL). Whilst many pharmacy schools have not adopted yet specific programs targeting the development of LLL skills though it’s widely accepted as an essential competence. This paper examines the effectiveness and utility of a longitudinal CPD training program introduced to last year master of pharmacy students.Methods A CPD simulation course was introduced to a cohort of fifth year students in Northern Cyprus in the 2018–2019 academic year. The program was delivered as an interactive orientation course in one semester; meanwhile, in the second semester, the students applied the CPD cycle and filled their portfolios during their final experiential practice. A mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate the outcomes using students’ preparedness for lifelong learning (SPLLL) self-administered questionnaire delivered pre-post program, focus group sessions for students to reflect on the course experience, and instructors’ evaluations of portfolios.Results Following the implementation of the course, students’ assessment scores were significantly higher overall (166.2 ± 15.2 vs 212.78 ± 27.1) and for all scale domains, including “knowledge (40.85 ± 6.55 vs 60.8 ± 8.89), skills (44.2 ± 6.53 vs 51 ± 6.04), attitude (49.44 ± 6 vs 54.4 ± 6.7) and practice (31.67 ± 4.87 vs 46.56 ± 8.69)”, compared to the baseline assessment. Additionally, compared to fifth year students who responded to the second SPLLL questionnaire, the intervention group students’ assessment was significantly higher in knowledge, skills, and practice. The qualitative analysis reported high student satisfaction and achievement of the course objectives. Nineteen of the students scored high on their portfolios.Conclusion The CPD simulation course provided students with opportunities to practice and develop self-assessment and self-management skills that are all desirable for lifelong learning and prepared them for CPD.
Alcohol use and its associated factors during pregnancy in Ethiopia: a population-based survey
Authors: Addis Nitsu , Azage Muluken , Nigatu Dabere , Kirksey Kristen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Alcohol use during pregnancy is a modifiable health behavior that causes a range of health problems in infants, including impaired growth, stillbirth, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. However, there is lack of comprehensive information on alcohol use and associated factors during pregnancy using a population-based dataset in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy and associated factors using a national, population-based survey.Methods: The study utilized data from the 2011 and 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey conducted on a nationally representative sample. The survey employed a multistage cluster sampling method to generate representative national and sub-national health and health related indicators. A total of 2,341 pregnant women were included in the analysis. Factors associated with alcohol use were identified using multivariable logistic regression model. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed to quantify the degree of association between independent variables and alcohol use.Results: In Ethiopia, the prevalence of alcohol use among pregnant women was 30.2% (95% CI: 28.4%-32.2%). The study identified that being employed (AOR: 2.07; 95%CI: 1.55-2.77), ever attempted termination of pregnancy (AOR: 2.21; 95% CI: 1.60-3.05), having two (AOR: 2.56; 95% CI: 1.76-3.72), or three (AOR: 2.98; 95% CI: 1.40-6.35) sexual partners in lifetime and chat chewing (AOR: 8.91; 95% CI: 4.61-17.23) had increased the odds of alcohol use during pregnancy.Conclusion: In this study, the prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy among Ethiopian mothers was high. Working status, ever used something to terminate the pregnancy, more than one lifetime partner, and chat chewing were factors associated with alcohol use during pregnancy. Thus, prevention interventions and strategies can draw on the identified modifiable health behaviors.
Mid-and Long-term Clinical Efficacy Analysis of Carotid Artery Stenosis Treated With Carotid Endarterectomy
Authors: Wan Yanhua , Li Yiran , Xu Jiasheng , Wan Shasha , Wang Riwei , Zhang Kaihua , Zeng Qingfu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Objective: To explore the mid-and long-term clinical efficacy analysis of carotid artery stenosis treated with carotid endarterectomy.Methods: Retrospective analysis of 89 cases of patients with carotid artery stenosisundergoing carotid endarterectomy from our center from Jan,2013 to June,2017. To gather the hospitalization data of patients including the general information, the past medical history, preoperative conditions, the situation during surgery, postoperative situations. All the patients were followed up from 16 months to 63 months, and to make survival analysis on the follow-up status.Results：Among the 89 cases, 22cases of mild stenosis ,67cases of severe stenosis. 5 cases had postoperation wound hemorrhage or hematoma, 2 cases of cranial nerve injury, 2cases of cerebral stroke. Among the 62 cases of symptomatic carotid artery stenosis,48cases have been improved in term of their clinical symptoms with improvement rate of 77.4%. The Nonparametric test of mRS scores before and after surgery showed that there was significant difference in the preoperative and postoperative scores（P<0.05）.Conclusion: The mid-and long-term clinical efficacy of carotid artery stenosis treated with carotid endarterectomy is good. The previous history of coronary heart disease and peripheral vascular diseases are the influence factors for the mid- and long-term adverse outcomes after carotid endarterectomy.
Prediction of risk factors of bronchial mucus plugs in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia
Authors: zhang Jiahui , Wang Ting , Ji Wei , Yan Yongdong , Sun Zhichao , Tan Jiahong , Wu Jinfeng , Huang Li , Chen Zhengrong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Recently, many cases of pneumonia with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) infection have been shown to have varying degrees of intrabronchial mucus plug formation. The clinical, laboratory, radiological characteristics, and treatment of patients with Mycoplasma infection are analyzed in this study. The risk factors for M. pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) mucus plug formation are explored, and a risk factor scoring system is established.
Methods
MPP patients treated with bronchoscopy were retrospectively enrolled in the study from February 2015 to December 2019. The children were divided into a mucus plug group and a control group according to the presence or absence of mucus plug formation. The clinical, laboratory, radiological characteristics, and treatment of the two groups of children were compared. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the regression model and establish the MPP mucous plug risk factor scoring system.
Results
A univariate analysis showed that the children in the mucous group were older and had a longer fever duration, longer hospital stay, higher fever peak, more cases of wheezing symptoms and allergies, and azithromycin or corticosteroids were administered later. In addition, neutrophil, C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D-dimer (DD), sputum MP-DNA copy number, and total immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels were higher, while prealbumin (PA) levels were lower. The ROC curve analysis showed that children with MPP had PA ≤ 144.5 mg/L, had used corticosteroids during the course of the illness of ≥ 4.5 days, CRP ≥ 12.27 mg/L, an LDH ≥ 462.65 U/L, and there was a possibility of intra-airway mucus formation. The independent risk factors were scored according to their odds ratio (OR) value. Among the 255 children with MPP, the high-risk group had 44 (83.02%) mucus plugs out of 53; the middle-risk group had 35 (34.3%) mucus plugs out of 102; and the low-risk group had 11 (11%) mucus plugs out of 100.
Conclusions
PA levels, timing of corticosteroid use (use in the first few days), CRP levels, and LDH levels were independent risk factors for MPP mucus plug formation. This provides a basis for the early identification of MPP combined with mucus plug formation.
Differences in Inflammation, Apoptosis and Tissue Hypo-perfusion Indicators Caused by Using Two Different Gauges in Cecal Ligation and Puncture-induced Rat Models of Sepsis
Authors: Didari Tina , Baeeri Maryam , Rahimifard Mahban , Mozaffari Shilan , Haghi-Aminjan Hamed , Mojtahedzadeh Mojtaba , Najafi Atabak 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Rodent Cecal Ligation and Puncture (CLP) models, which mimic sepsis in humans. Gauges needle size during CLP related to cytokine storm, inflammation and organ failure.This study focus on precise and low cost various biochemical markers to trace sepsis severity in cardiopulmonary system and blood after CLP with gauge needle size -18 (G-18) and -21 (G-21) in rats.Results: For the purpose of this study, 18 male Wistar rats were assigned into three groups: CLP procedure with G-18 needle, CLP procedure with G-21 and sham. Following the procedure, oxidative stress markers, blood markers, apoptosis indicators, gene expression of autophagy and cellular hypoxia and histopathological assessments were carried out in the cardiopulmonary tissue and blood 24 hours after CLP. All measured factors were increased in both G-18 and G-21 gauge groups in comparison with the sham. Moreover, 24 hours after CLP, inflammatory markers, blood profile, lactate level, pro-inflammatory cytokines, caspases, gene expression of cellular homeostasis and autophagy in samples were more pronouncedly increased in the G-18 group in comparison with the G-21. Conclusions: This experiment provides a significant association of inflammation and cytokine storm with anti-oxidant property, apoptotic condition and gene expression of tissue and blood infection related to severity organ damage were increased with G-18 compare to G-21. Our study has identified cost-effective indicators to evaluate organ failure during sepsis. This should be considered by all investigators using G-18 in comparison with G-21 to induce severe sepsis.
Early Assessment Window for Predicting Breast Cancer Neoadjuvant Therapy Using Biomarkers, Ultrasound, and Diffuse Optical Tomography
Authors: Zhu Quing , Ademuyiwa Foluso O , Young Catherine , Appleton Catherine , Covington Matthew F , Ma Cynthia , Sanati Souzan , Hagemann Ian S , Mostafa Atahar , Uddin K. M. Shihab , Grigsby Isabella , Frith Ashley E , Aya Leonel Hernandez , Poplack Steven P 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Neoadjuvant Therapy (NAT) permits less aggressive breast and axillary surgery and better assessment of systemic response. Establishing accurate and early predictors of NAT response would help limit morbidity of ineffective regimens through modification of treatment regimens and thereby optimize clinical outcomes. The purpose of the study was to assess the utility of tumor biomarkers, ultrasound (US) and US-guided diffuse optical tomography (DOT) in early prediction of breast cancer response to NAT.MethodsThis prospective HIPAA compliant study was approved by the institutional review board. Forty one patients were imaged with US and US-guided DOT prior to NAT, at completion of the first three treatment cycles, and prior to definitive surgery from February 2017 to January 2020. Miller-Payne grading was used to assess pathologic response. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs) were derived from logistic regression using independent variables, including: tumor biomarkers, US maximum diameter, percentage reduction of the diameter (%US), pretreatment maximum total hemoglobin concentration (HbT) and percentage reduction in HbT (%HbT) at different treatment time points. Resulting ROCs were compared using area under the curve (AUC). Statistical significance was tested using two-sided two-sample student t-test with P<0.05 considered statistically significant. ResultsThirty-eight patients (mean age =47, range 24-71 years) successfully completed the study, including 15 HER2+ of which 11 were ER+; 12 ER+ or PR+/HER2-, and 11 triple negative. The combination of HER2 and ER biomarkers, %HbT at the end of cycle 1 (EOC1) and %US (EOC1) provided the best early prediction, AUC = 0.941 (95% CI: 0.869­–1.0). Similarly an AUC of 0.910 (95% CI: 0.810–1.0) with %US (EOC1) and %HbT (EOC1) can be achieved independent of HER2 and ER status. The most accurate prediction, AUC = 0.974 (95% CI: 0.933–1.0), was achieved with %US at EOC1 and %HbT (EOC3) independent of biomarker status. ConclusionThe combined use of tumor HER2 and ER status, US, and US-guided DOT may provide accurate prediction of NAT response as early as the completion of the first treatment cycle. Clinical Trial Registration number: NCT02891681Registration time: September 7, 2016https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02891681