bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered HDL metabolism in metabolic disorders: insights into the therapeutic potential of HDL
Authors: Hui Nicholas , Barter Philip J. , Ong Kwok-Leung , Rye Kerry-Anne 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Metabolic disorders are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and are commonly characterized by a low plasma level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Although cholesterol lowering medications reduce CVD risk in these patients, they often remain at increased risk of CVD. Therapeutic strategies that raise HDL-C levels and improve HDL function are a potential treatment option for reducing residual CVD risk in these individuals. Over the past decade, understanding of the metabolism and cardioprotective functions of HDLs has improved, with preclinical and clinical studies both indicating that the ability of HDLs to mediate reverse cholesterol transport, inhibit inflammation and reduce oxidation is impaired in metabolic disorders. These cardioprotective effects of HDLs are supported by the outcomes of epidemiological, cell and animal studies, but have not been confirmed in several recent clinical outcome trials of HDL-raising agents. Recent studies suggest that HDL function may be clinically more important than plasma levels of HDL-C. However, at least some of the cardioprotective functions of HDLs are lost in acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease patients. HDL dysfunction is also associated with metabolic abnormalities. This review is concerned with the impact of metabolic abnormalities, including dyslipidemia, obesity and Type 2 diabetes, on the metabolism and cardioprotective functions of HDLs.
Age at Full-Time Use Predicts Language Outcomes Better Than Age of Surgery in Children Who Use Cochlear Implants
Authors: Park Lisa R. , Gagnon Erika B. , Thompson Erin , Brown Kevin D. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose
The aims of this study were to (a) determine a metric for describing full-time use (FTU), (b) establish whether age at FTU in children with cochlear implants (CIs) predicts language at 3 years of age better than age at surgery, and (c) describe the extent of FTU and length of time it took to establish FTU in this population.

Method
This retrospective analysis examined receptive and expressive language outcomes at 3 years of age for 40 children with CIs. Multiple linear regression analyses were run with age at surgery and age at FTU as predictor variables. FTU definitions included 8 hr of device use and 80% of average waking hours for a typically developing child. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the establishment and degree of FTU.

Results
Although 8 hr of daily wear is typically considered FTU in the literature, the 80% hearing hours percentage metric accounts for more variability in outcomes. For both receptive and expressive language, age at FTU was found to be a better predictor of outcomes than age at surgery. It took an average of 17 months for children in this cohort to establish FTU, and only 52.5% reached this milestone by the time they were 3 years old.

Conclusions
Children with normal hearing can access spoken language whenever they are awake, and the amount of time young children are awake increases with age. A metric that incorporates the percentage of time that children with CIs have access to sound as compared to their same-aged peers with normal hearing accounts for more variability in outcomes than using an arbitrary number of hours. Although early FTU is not possible without surgery occurring at a young age, device placement does not guarantee use and does not predict language outcomes as well as age at FTU.
Understanding Jupiter’s deep interior: the effect of a dilute core
Authors: Ni Dongdong 
Published: November 2019

Context. The Juno spacecraft has significantly improved the accuracy of low-order even gravitational harmonics. It has been demonstrated that a dilute core is helpful to interpret Juno’s gravity measurements. However, introducing a dilute core adds a new degree of freedom to Jupiter’s interior models in addition to the uncertainties in the equations of state for hydrogen and helium.
Aims. We present four-layer structure models for Jupiter where a dilute core region is added above a central compact core of rocks. The effect of the dilute core on the structure and composition of Jupiter is investigated in detail. Combined with current knowledge of Jupiter’s composition and thermal state, we aim to obtain information on the dilute core. Also, we investigate the effect of equations of state for hydrogen and helium on the predictions of the core mass and heavy element abundance.
Methods. In the four-layer structure model, the heavy element abundances in the outer two envelopes and the mass of the compact core were adjusted to reproduce Jupiter’s equatorial radius as well as Juno’s gravity observations. Different dilute core configurations were constructed in terms of its size and composition and different equations of state for hydrogen and helium were used in interior structure calculations. Optimized calculations were then performed to investigate the effect of dilute cores and equations of state on Jupiter’s internal structure and composition.
Results. It is found that the absolute values of J6 and J8 tend to decrease as helium becomes more depleted in the dilute core region. Most interior structure calculations seem to prefer an inward decrease of the helium mass fraction from the metallic envelope to the dilute core region. We also show that the core mass and heavy element abundance in Jupiter are dependent upon the rock-to-ice ratio in the dilute core region, the temperature jump from the molecular to metallic envelope, and the equations of state for hydrogen and helium. The resulting heavy-element mass in the core is generally larger than the three-layer structure models owing to the heavy elements dissolved in the dilute core region, and the global heavy-element abundance is in good agreement with the available dilute-core predictions.
Fragmentation and energy dissipation in collisions of polydisperse granular clusters
Authors: Umstätter Philipp , Urbassek Herbert M. 
Published: November 2019

Context. Dust aggregates consist of polydisperse grains following a power-law size distribution with an exponent of around 2.5, called the Mathis-Rumpl-Nordsieck (MRN) distribution.
Aims. We compare the outcome of collisions between polydisperse granular aggregates with those of monodisperse aggregates.
Methods. Granular-mechanics simulations were used to study aggregate collisions.
Results. Both with respect to the fragmentation threshold and to energy dissipation, MRN aggregates behave as monodisperse aggregates if their size corresponds approximately to the geometric mean of the largest and smallest radius of the MRN distribution.
Conclusions. Our results allow the polydisperse aggregates to be substituted with monodisperse aggregates, which are easier to simulate.
Das Hautschutzprogramm in den Schulungs- und Beratungszentren der Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege
Authors: Hamm K. , Drechsel-Schlund C. 
Published: November 2019

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen der Individualprävention bietet die Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege in speziellen Schulungszentren ein Hautschutzprogramm für Versicherte mit arbeitsbedingten Hauterkrankungen an. Das Konzept der Schulungs- und Beratungszentren mit ihren einzelnen Angeboten wird vorgestellt. Die Maßnahmen der Individualprävention sind in das § 3 BKV-Verfahren Haut eingebettet, das ein gestuftes Vorgehen bei Verdachtsfällen einer arbeitsbedingten Hauterkrankung definiert. Dadurch konnte in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten den meisten Betroffenen der Berufsverbleib ermöglicht und ein deutlicher Rückgang anerkannter Berufskrankheiten erreicht werden.
Existence and uniqueness of a weak solution of an integro-differential aggregation equation on a Riemannian manifold
Authors: Vil’danova V. F. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A class of integro-differential aggregation equations with nonlinear parabolic term

is considered on a compact Riemannian manifold

. The divergence term in the equations can degenerate with loss of coercivity and may contain nonlinearities of variable order. The impermeability boundary condition on the boundary

of the cylinder

is satisfied if there are no external sources of ‘mass’ conservation,

. In a cylinder

for a sufficiently small

, the mixed problem for the aggregation equation is shown to have a bounded solution. The existence of a bounded solution of the problem in the cylinder

is proved under additional conditions.
For equations of the form

with the Laplace-Beltrami operator

and an integral operator

, the mixed problem is shown to have a unique bounded solution.
Bibliography: 26 titles.
A connected compact locally Chebyshev set in a finite-dimensional space is a Chebyshev set
Authors: Shklyaev K. S. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Let

be a Banach space. A set

is a Chebyshev set if, for each

, there exists a unique best approximation to

in

. A set

is locally Chebyshev if, for any point

, there exists a Chebyshev set

such that some neighbourhood of

in

lies in

. It is shown that each connected compact locally Chebyshev set in a finite-dimensional normed space is a Chebyshev set.
Bibliography: 11 titles.
The wave model of a metric space with measure and an application
Authors: Belishev M. I. , Simonov S. A. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Let

be a complete metric space and let

be a Borel measure on

. Under certain fairly general assumptions about the metric and the measure, we use lattice theory to construct an isometric copy

of the space

, which is called its wave model. The construction is motivated by applications to inverse problems of mathematical physics. We show how the wave model solves the problem of reconstructing a Riemannian manifold with boundary from its spectral data.
Bibliography: 13 titles.
Oxidation of isomaltose, gentiobiose, and melibiose by membrane-bound quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase from acetic acid bacteria
Authors: Kiryu Takaaki , Kiso Taro , Sato Hirofumi , Murakami Hiromi 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Membrane-bound quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase from acetic acid bacteria produces lactobionic acid by the oxidation of lactose. Its enzymatic activity on lactose and maltose is much lower than that on d-glucose. For that reason, the activity of the enzyme on disaccharides has been considered low. In this study, we show that the isomaltose-oxidizing activity of acetic acid bacteria is much higher than their lactose-oxidizing activity. In addition to isomaltose, the enzyme oxidized gentiobiose and melibiose to the same extent. According to the characteristics of the isomaltose-oxidizing activity and investigations using dehydrogenase-deficient mutant bacteria, we identified the responsible enzyme as membrane-bound quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase.
Abbreviations: AAB: acetic acid bacteria; m-GDH: membrane-bound quinoprotein glucose dehydrogenase; DCIP: 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol; DP: degree of polymerization; HPAEC-PAD: high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection; NMR: nuclear magnetic resonance; TLC: thin layer chromatography; COSY: correlation spectroscopy
Effect of dietary cellulose nanofiber and exercise on obesity and gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat-diet
Authors: Nagano Takao , Yano Hiromi 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Cellulose nanofiber (CN) consumption with exercise could be a potential strategy to control obesity. Here, we studied the effects of CN supplementation and voluntary exercise on obesity and gut microbiota in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Consumption of CN increased voluntary wheel running activity. CN intake and exercise together suppressed the increase in body weight and fat mass, and improved glucose tolerance. The fecal gut microbiota was analyzed by sequencing 16S ribosomal RNA genes. Principal component analysis revealed a shift in the microbiota composition resulting from exercise, but not from CN supplementation. Erysipelotrichaceae and Rikenellaceae decreased with exercise. Exercise also increased Ruminococcaceae, whereas exercise and CN intake together increased Eubacteriaceae. These two families are butyrate producers. Exercise increased the amount of acetate in the cecum. These results suggest that CN consumption improves exercise performance and exerts anti-obesity effects by modulating the balance of the gut microbiota.
Rotationally inelastic processes of

C2−

(

2Σg+

) colliding with He (1
S) at low
temperatures: ab initio interaction potential, state changing
rates and kinetic modelling
Authors: Mant B P , Gianturco F A , González-Sánchez L , Yurtsever E , Wester R 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
We discuss in detail the quantum rotationally inelastic dynamics of an important
anion often discussed as a possible constituent of the interstellar medium (ISM)
and in different environments of circumstellar envelopes: the

C

2

−

molecular ion. Its interaction forces with one of the most
abundant atoms of the ISM, the neutral helium atom, are obtained for the first
time using ab initio quantum chemistry methods. The overall
angular anisotropy of the potential energy surface is analysed in order to link
its features with the efficiency of transferring energy from the abundant He
atoms to the internal rotational levels of this molecular anion. Calculations of
the corresponding rotational state-to-state inelastic cross sections, for both
excitation and de-excitation paths are obtained by using a multichannel quantum
method. The corresponding inelastic rates at the temperatures of interest are
determined and their role in distributing molecular states over the different
populations of the rotational levels at the temperatures of that environment is
discussed. These computed rates are also linked to the dynamical behaviour of
the title molecule when confined in cold ion traps and made to interact with He
as the common buffer gas, in preparation for state-selective photo-detachment
experiments.
Study on attenuation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in plasma-superimposed artificial wave vector metasurface structure
Authors: Zhang Wenyuan , Xu Haojun , Song Zhijie , Han Xinmin , Wei Xiaolong , Wu Xin , Li Yiwen 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Because of the limitations of thin-layer plasma for electromagnetic wave attenuation, a new PS-AWV (plasma-superimposed artificial wave vector) metasurface structure is proposed. We also introduced the design principle of increasing the propagation distance of electromagnetic waves in plasma using artificial wave vector metasurface. We designed a X band artificial wave vector metasurface by geometric phase dispersion control such that the incident electromagnetic wave abnormally reflected, and the reflection angle reached 55° when measured at normal incidence. Using an electromagnetic finite element method, we established a coupling model of the PS-AWV metasurface structure attenuated electromagnetic wave using CST (Computer Simulation Technology). We analyzed the variation law of reflectivity under different plasma parameter distribution, and the experiment was performed in a microwave darkroom. We also measured the reflectivity of the wave-vector metasurface structure. Both simulation and experimental results show that the artificial wave vector metasurface can effectively increase the attenuation effect of plasma on electromagnetic waves and improve the attenuation effect of electromagnetic waves because of thickness reduction; thus, it can reduce the plasma thickness required for plasma stealth and improve its application in practical scenarios.
Cryogenic 9Be+ Penning trap for precision measurements with (anti-)protons
Authors: Niemann M , Meiners T , Mielke J , Borchert M J , Cornejo J M , Ulmer S , Ospelkaus C 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Cooling and detection schemes using laser cooling and methods of quantum logic can contribute to high precision CPT symmetry tests in the baryonic sector. This work introduces an experiment to sympathetically cool protons and antiprotons using the Coulomb interaction with a

ion trapped in a nearby but separate potential well. We have designed and set up an apparatus to show such coupling between two identical ions for the first time in a Penning trap. In this paper, we present evidence for successful loading and Doppler cooling of clouds and single ions. Our coupling scheme has applications in a range of high-precision measurements in Penning traps and has the potential to substantially improve motional control in these experiments.
Experimental proof of quantum Zeno-assisted noise sensing
Authors: Do Hoang-Van , Lovecchio Cosimo , Mastroserio Ivana , Fabbri Nicole , Cataliotti Francesco S , Gherardini Stefano , Müller Matthias M , Dalla Pozza Nicola , Caruso Filippo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In the ideal quantum Zeno (QZ) effect, repeated quantum projective measurements can freeze the coherent dynamics of a quantum system. However, in the weak QZ regime, measurement back-actions can allow the sensing of semi-classical field fluctuations. In this regard, we theoretically show how to combine the controlled manipulation of a quantum two-level system, used as a probe, with a sequence of projective measurements to have direct access to the noise correlation function. We experimentally test the effectiveness of the proposed noise sensing method on a properly engineered Bose–Einstein condensate of

87

Rb

atoms realized on an atom chip. We believe that our QZ-based approach can open a new path towards novel quantum sensing devices.
A priori ranking and an analysis of factors affecting tire wear
Authors: Abdulaev E K , Makharatkin P N , Pumpur E V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to analyze factors affecting tire life and to rank them using experimental data in order to determine how influential each of them is. The issue of tire wear is an important concern for many different companies because tires account for a major part of the operating costs of rubber-tired equipment.
Influence of the bottom relief on the formation of the navigable routes network in the water area of the Northern Sea Route
Authors: Afonin A B , Ol’khovik E O , Tezikov A L 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The paper is devoted to the study of the influence of the bottom relief on the formation of the navigable routes network in the water area of the Northern Sea Route. A brief historical overview of the main stages of mapping the bottom relief of the Arctic seas in the interests of the Arctic shipping development is given. The results of the bottom relief survey are summarized. A high degree of hydrographic knowledge of the coastal routes, intended for use by vessels with a draft of 6-7 meters in summer, is noted. The navigation and hydrographic conditions for the development of the navigable routes network intended for large-capacity vessels with a large draft are determined. Data on the cartographic study of the water area of the Northern Sea Route, basic information on the depths distribution over the Arctic seas area, as well as information on areas with insufficient hydrographic study, are given. The principles of formation of the shipping routes network of large-tonnage vessels in the water area of the Northern Sea Route are formulated. Recommendations on aligning the level of hydrographic knowledge into line with the requirements of navigation safety of large-tonnage shipping at promising projects implementation are presented. The results of research can be used for planning the hydrographic works and the development of a promising network of shipping routes in the Arctic basin.
About the use of 110G13L steel as a material for the excavator bucket teeth
Authors: Bolobov V I , Chupin S A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The causes of failure of the bucket teeth of the excavator during excavations in rocks are analyzed in the article. It is shown that the most typical cause of failure of bucket teeth is wear of teeth. The wear with soft rocks (less than 1100 HV) which hardness is lower than the hardness of steel in the cold-work hardened state, a preliminary cold-work hardening can essentially (up to 10 times) increase the material wear resistance. The wear with rocks, having greater hardness with hardness of ~1250 HV, the cold-work hardening do not lead to increase of the Hadfield steel wear resistance.
The algorithm for vehicle fleet creation
Authors: Borodina Yu V , Menukhova T A 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article deals with the problem of creating the structure of a vehicle fleet. Today when specialists solve this problem, they rather use their experience and intuition, based on one criterion, which is the most important in their opinion. The most usual criterion, in this case, is the cost of a vehicle and the level of vehicle safety is often neglected. Meanwhile, the increase in this level is one of the World Health Organization’s activities aimed at decreasing the number of road traffic injuries within the Decade of Action for Road Safety. This article analyzes different quality indicators of goods transportation by automobile transport. As a result, it establishes a list of indicators that can be important when solving the task of creating a rational vehicle fleet to satisfy the requirements for goods transportation in the mineral resources sector. The article also describes the validation scheme for weighting factors used for the indicators in the list. As a consequence, the algorithm for vehicle fleet creation is developed.
Current challenges and innovations in environmental safety of vehicles
Authors: Avramov D , Dobromirov V , Martynov N 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The automobile is one of the mass industrial products. The article analyzes its environmentally harmful effects on the environment. The current environmental safety of vehicles is analyzed and changes in the structure and volumes of harmful emissions caused by innovative design changes are justified. The destructive effect of the wheel propulsion on the soil cover in natural landscapes is described. The current state of the car recycling system is analyzed and some promising technologies for its implementation are described.
Machineology as a conceptual basis for the formation of a mining engineering scientific platform
Authors: Glushchenko V V 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The subject of research is mining machineology as a methodological basis of a scientific platform in mining engineering. The object of research is a scientific platform in mining engineering. The purpose of the work is to increase the efficiency of mining engineering methods. As a result of the study, the importance of mechanical engineering for the formation of a scientific platform in mining mechanical engineering is revealed. The obtained results contribute to increasing the effectiveness of scientific and innovative activities. The result of an innovative project in mining engineering was achieved, taking into account the increased efficiency of using the results of scientific research.
Assessment of the impact of quarry design on the production efficiency and subsequent development of man-made workings
Authors: Kosolapov A I , Ptashnik Yu P , Ptashnik A I 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The article presents the formation of man-made workings in the context of conditions of urbanization of modern society. It also studies the changes in the volume and complexity of mining operations by technological processes, depending on the shape of the designed open pit side in its ultimate position.