bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolated Calf Deep Venous Thrombosis: Prevalence, Clinical Characteristics and Implications for Ultrasound Evaluation
Authors: Heller Thomas , Becher Mattes , Kröger Jens-Christian , Beller Ebba , Heller Susanne , Höft Raimund , Weber Marc-André , Meinel Felix G. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Objectives It remains controversial whether to include calf veins in the initial ultrasound evaluation of suspected deep venous thrombosis (DVT). We sought to investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of isolated calf DVT.Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 596 patients (median age 69 years, 52.3% women) evaluated with complete duplex ultrasound of the leg veins for suspected acute DVT within one year. Radiology reports were analyzed for the presence and localization of DVT. Electronic chart review was performed to collect clinical information.Results DVT was found in 157 patients (26.3%), of which 74 patients (47.1%) had isolated calf DVT. Isolated calf DVTs were most commonly located in the posterior tibial veins (22 patients, 29.7%), fibular veins (41 patients, 55.4%) and muscle veins (19 patients, 25.7%). There were no differences in age or gender between patients with isolated calf DVT and patients with more proximal DVT. Isolated calf DVT was more commonly associated with leg pain (52.7% vs. 33.7%, p = 0.0234) and less commonly associated with subjective leg swelling (35.1% vs. 55.4%, p = 0.0158) and objectively measured difference in leg circumference (23% vs. 39.8%, p = 0.0268). D-Dimers were significantly lower in patients with isolated lower leg DVT (median 2.3 vs. 6.8 mg/L, p < 0.0001) compared to patients with more proximal DVT.Conclusions Isolated calf DVT is almost as common as more proximal DVT. Our data supports performing complete duplex ultrasound including the calf veins in suspected DVT.
Association of low alanine aminotransferase values with extubation failure in adult critically ill patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Weber Yoav , Epstein Danny , Miller Asaf , Segal Gad , Berger Gidon 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Liberation from mechanical ventilation is a cardinal landmark during hospitalization of ventilated patients in intensive care units. Sufficient respiratory muscle strength and function are essential for successful extubation; therefore, decreased muscle mass and sarcopenia are associated with a high risk of failure. A low level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is a known biomarker of sarcopenia. This study was aimed to determine whether low levels of ALT are associated with increased risk of extubation failure among critically ill patients.Methods: This was a retrospective single-center cohort study of mechanically ventilated patients hospitalized in a medical intensive care unit and undergoing their first extubation. The primary outcome was extubation failure, which was defined as reintubation within seven days. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine whether ALT was an independent predictor of this outcome.Results: The study included 329 patients with a median age of 62.3 years (interquartile range [IQR] 48.13–71.16); 210 (63.83%) patients were at high risk for extubation failure and 83 (25.23%) failed the first extubation attempt. Low ALT values were more common among patients requiring reintubation (61.45% vs. 41.06%, P=0.002). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified the age of 75 years or older and low ALT values as the only independent predictors of extubation failure, with adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.74 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23-6.11, p=0.01) and 2.14 (95% CI 1.16-3.96, p=0.02), respectively.Conclusions: Low ALT, an established biomarker of sarcopenia and frailty, is an independent risk factor for extubation failure among adult patients hospitalized in the medical intensive care unit. This simple laboratory parameter can be used as an effective adjunct predictor, along with other weaning parameters, and thereby facilitate the identification of high-risk patients.
Ketogenic diets induced glucose intolerance and lipid accumulation in mice with alterations in gut microbiota and metabolites
Authors: Li Yue , Yang Xin , Zhang Jing , Jiang Tianyi , Zhang Ziyi , Wang Zhiyi , Gong Mengxue , Zhao Liping , Zhang Chenhong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: A ketogenic diet (KD), which is extremely high in fat with a very low carbohydrate level and can induce changes in gut microbiota, has shown benefits for epilepsy and several neurodegenerative diseases. However, the effects of a KD on glucose and lipid metabolism remain inconclusive.Results: Using two formulas of ketogenic diets (KDR with 89.5% fat and KDH with 91.3% fat), which are commonly used in mouse trials, we found that KDR but not KDH induced insulin resistance and damaged glucose homeostasis, while KDH induced more fat accumulation in mice. In addition to the differences in the proportions of nutrients between the two kinds of KD, we found that the sources of fat in KDR were mainly trans-fatty acids. Further study showed that KD impacted glucose metabolism, which was related to the sources of fat, while both the sources and proportions of fat affected lipid metabolism. We found that both the sources and proportions of fat changed the abundance of specific bacteria in Lachnospiraceae and Oscillibacter, which positively correlated with parameters related to lipid accumulation. The abundances of specific bacteria in Bacteroides and Ruminococcaceae were only affected by the sources of fat, and specific bacteria from Lactococcus and Roseburia were only affected by the proportions of fat. Moreover, alterations in the concentrations of SCFAs and tryptophan metabolites, which were negatively correlated with parameters related to lipid accumulation, were also affected by the sources of fat. In addition, the ketogenic diet widely used in human studies still induced insulin resistance and fat accumulation in mice; enhanced Roseburia, Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae; reduced Turicibacter; increased bile acids and decreased SCFAs.Conclusions: Overall, our study demonstrated that ketogenic diets induced glucose intolerance and lipid accumulation in mice, which is closely related to the source and proportion of fat in the diet, likely due to changes in the gut microbiota and metabolites.
Satisfaction with nursing care and its related factors in patients with COVID-19: A Descriptive Correlational Study
Authors: Parizad Naser , Goli Rasoul , Arad Mansour , Mirzaee Roshanak , Baghaie Rahim , Habibzadeh Hossein 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Patients’ satisfaction is a fundamental factor in the quality of nursing care. The emergence of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and the highly contagious virus can affect nursing care by increasing the number of care-seekers. This study aimed to determine the patients’ satisfaction and related factors in patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in Taleghani Hospital, Urmia-Iran, in 2020. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 196 patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in Taleghani Hospital, Urmia. Purposive convenient sampling was used to recruit participants. Study participants completed Patient Satisfaction Instrument (PSI) and demographics questionnaires. Data were analyzed with SPSS software version 25.0. Results: The majority of patients (68.9%) were moderately satisfied with nursing care. Based on Pearson Correlation Analysis, only residential status had a significant inverse relationship with satisfaction level in patients with COVID-19 (r = -0.0238, P=0.001).Conclusion: The patients’ satisfaction with nursing care was mostly at a moderate level. Thus, there is a need to educate health personnel and nurses in particular and motivate them to have active participation in achieving patients’ satisfaction with COVID-19. Notably, only the institutes that take patients’ satisfaction as a top priority can succeed in a competitive market of health services.
Developing a postgraduate professional education framework for emergency nursing: A co-design approach between healthcare industry and academic partners
Authors: Theobald Karen Ann , Coyer Fiona Maree , Henderson Amanda Jane , Fox Robyn , Thomson Bernadette F , McCarthy Alexandra L 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Hospital and university service providers invest significant but separate resources into preparing registered nurses to work in the emergency department setting. This results in the duplication of both curricula and resource investment in the health and higher education sectors. This paper describes an evidence-based co-designed study with clinical-academic stakeholders from hospital and university settings. Methods: The study was informed by evidence-based co-design, using emergency nursing as an exemplar. Eighteen hours of co-design workshops were completed with 21 key clinical-academic stakeholders from hospital and university settings. Results: Outcomes were matrices synchronising professional and regulatory imperatives of postgraduate nursing coursework; mutually-shaped curriculum content, teaching approaches and assessment strategies relevant for postgraduate education; a new University-Industry Academic Integration Framework; five agreed guiding principles of postgraduate curriculum development for university-industry curriculum co-design; and a Graduate Certificate of Emergency Nursing curriculum exemplar. Conclusion: Industry-academic service provider co-design can increase the relevance of postgraduate specialist courses in nursing, strengthening the nexus between both entities to advance learning and employability. The study developed strategies and exemplars for future use in any mutually determined academic-industry education partnership.
Comparing the effects of online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic and traditional teaching in Surgical Nursing
Authors: Zheng Taoyun , Zhu Xinhong 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated a dramatic shift in how nursing faculty and undergraduate nursing students are educated. This study aims to examine the teaching effectiveness of Surgical Nursing using both face-to-face teaching and online teaching in undergraduate nursing education. Methods: A quantitative approach was adopted. Year-3 undergraduate nursing students were recruited. face-to-face teaching was conducted in semester 1, and online teaching was conducted in semester 2 during COVID-19 pandemic. Student evaluations were collected at the beginning of semester 1 and the end of semester 1 and semester 2. Results: 162 students were recruited in the study. 45.1% students held neutral attitude towards online course of Surgical Nursing. Students were more likely to prefer unit quizzes online and mind maps as homework, task-driven learning, recording videos and online question and answer as the means of theoretical teaching online, and watching surgical nursing skills video and case-based learning in groups as the means of practical teaching online. However, nearly 62.4% students admitted the effectiveness of online teaching was worse than face-to-face teaching. During online teaching, the mean grades of student in unit quizzes were improved, but there were no differences in student evaluations of instruction mean scores for critical thinking, self-directed learning and self-efficacy in comparison with the baseline. Additionally, differences between the face-to-face and online teaching were found in terms of self-directed learning, critical thinking and self-efficacy. Conclusion: The effectiveness of online teaching was not superior to the traditional teaching. Although online teaching has advantages of convenience, speed, anytime and anywhere, face-to-face teaching in classroom and interpersonal interaction in the real situation are insurmountable limitations in online teaching.
The interaction of SAMM50-rs738491, PARVB-rs5764455 and PNPLA3-rs738409 increases the susceptibility to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Xu Ke , Zheng Kenneth I. , Zhu Pei-Wu , Liu Wen-Yue , Ma Hong-Lei , Li Gang , Tang Liang-Jie , Rios Rafael S. , Targher Giovanni , Byrne Christopher D. , Wang Xiao-Dong , Chen Yong-Ping , Zheng Ming-Hua 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have reported that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SAMM50-rs738491, PARVB-rs5764455 and PNPLA3-rs738409 are associated with the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, no studies have examined the effect of interactions between these three genotypes to affect liver disease severity. Objective: Our aim was to assess the effect of these three SNPs on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and to investigate gene-gene interactions in a Chinese cohort of patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD.Methods: 415 adult patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD were recruited to the study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was undertaken to test associations between NASH and SNPs in SAMM50-rs738491, PARVB-rs5764455 and PNPLA3-rs738409. Gene-gene interactions were analyzed by performing a generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) analysis.Results: The mean age of patients was 41.3±12.5 years and 75.9% of them were men. Patients with SAMM50-rs738491 TT, PARVB-rs5764455 AA or PNPLA3-rs738409 GG genotypes had a higher risk of having NASH even after adjustment for age, sex and body mass index. Furthermore, GMDR analysis showed that the combination of all three SNPs was the best model to predict NASH. Additionally, the odds ratio of the haplotype A-G-T for predicting risk of NASH was nearly three times higher than that of the haplotype G-C-C. Conclusions: Patients with NAFLD who have SAMM50-rs738491 TT, PARVB-rs5764455 AA or PNPLA3-rs738409 GG genotypes are at higher risk of NASH. Moreover, these SNPs synergistically interact to increase the susceptibility to NASH.
The Effect of Different Ventilation Modes on the Outcomes of Patients Infected with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): a Protocol of Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhu Yihao , Wang Fei , Zhu Tao 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has spread around the world, the high mortality rate and strong infectious cause surging global patients diagnosed patients and death while in response to the outbreak, a myriad of scientific research workers and researchers have made unremitting efforts, but effective treatments are still limited, even may say that there is no specific treatment. So a large number of patients with severe patients need treatment for respiratory support, in particular, based on various realistic factors, different way of ventilation is widely used in clinical, which kind of ventilation way is the best one of the most effective ventilation strategy is not clear, so we planned a network meta-analysis to evaluate different ventilation methods on new crown the efficacy and safety of patients, expect to find an optimal ventilation strategy.Methods and analysis: Two authors will independently search the electronic databases, preprints databases, Clinical Study Registration website and COVID-19 research related project database from December 1, 2019 to November 5, 2020. The primary outcomes are 1) All-cause mortality; 2) Transmission of COVID-19 to health care workers and other people; 3) Length of hospital stay; 4) Length of ICU stay. A systemic review and a network meta-analysis based on Bayesian framework will be performed to assess the effect of different ventilation modes on the outcomes of patients infected with COVID-19. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation System (GRADE) will be used to evaluate the quality of evidence.Discussion: COVID-19 has spread around the world and become a global public health security problem. With limited treatment available, a large number of critically ill patients need ventilator support treatment, and the demand for ventilators has increased sharply. To our knowledge, this study will be the first systematic review and NMA to analyze the efficacy and safety of different ventilation modes in patients with COVID-19. This study expected to obtain the best choice of ventilation mode for COVID-19 patients based on high quality evidence. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required owning to it is a literature-based study. The final conclusion will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publication. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020219581
Effectiveness of Attachment-Based Family Therapy compared to Treatment as Usual for Depressed Adolescents in Community Mental Health Clinics&nbsp;
Authors: Waraan Luxsiya , Rognli Erling W. , Czajkowski Nikolai Olavi , Aalberg Marianne , Mehlum Lars 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a disabling mood disorder, profoundly affecting a large number of adolescent’s quality of life. To date, no obvious treatment of choice for MDD in adolescents is available and progress in the treatment of depressed adolescents will have important public health implications. Attachment-Based Family Therapy (ABFT), as the only empirically supported family therapy model designed to treat adolescent depression, aims to repair interpersonal ruptures and rebuild an emotionally protective parent-child relationship.Objective: To study the effectiveness of ABFT compared with treatment as usual (TAU) delivered within child- and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) to adolescents with MDD.Method: Sixty adolescents (86.7% girls), aged 13-18 years (M = 14.9, SD = 1.35), with MDD referred to two CAMHS were randomized to 16 weeks of ABFT or TAU. ABFT consisted of weekly therapy sessions (family/individual or both) according to the treatment manual. TAU was not monitored. Primary outcomes were assessed by blinded evaluators at baseline and post-treatment with the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD). Self-reported (Beck Depression Inventory-II, BDI-II) depressive symptoms were assessed at baseline, and after 4, 6, 8, 10,12, 14, and 16 weeks. Analyses were performed according to intent-to-treat principles.Results: At post-treatment, clinician-rated remission rates on the HAMD (5 % in ABFT and 3.33% in TAU, p =1, OR=1.54, Fisher’s exact test) and self-reported symptoms of depression on the BDI-II did not differ significantly between groups (X2[2, N = 60] =0.06 , p = 0.97). In both treatment groups participants reported significantly reduced depressive symptoms, but the majority (63.3 %) of adolescents were still in the clinical range after 16 weeks of treatment.Conclusion: ABFT was not superior to TAU. Remission and response rates were low in both groups, suggesting none of the treatments were effective in treating MDD in adolescents. Findings must be viewed in the context of the study’s limitations and implementation challenges. Continued efforts to improve treatment for MDD in outpatient clinics are warranted . Future research should examine moderators of and mechanisms for individual differences to treatment response, as well as the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of implementing treatment models which may require extensive training and expertise to yield clinically meaningful improvements in non-research settings.Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01830088https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01830088?term=Villab%C3%B8&draw=2&rank=1 Date of registration: April 12, 2013
Priority domains, aims, and testable hypotheses for implementation research: Protocol for a scoping review and evidence map
Authors: Garner Bryan R , Patel Sheila , Kirk M. Alexis 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The challenge of implementing evidence-based innovations within practice settings is a significant public health issue the field of implementation research (IR) is focused on addressing. Significant amounts of funding, time, and effort have been invested in IR to date, yet there remains significant room for advancement, especially regarding IR’s development of scientific theories as defined by the National Academy of Sciences (i.e., a comprehensive explanation of the relationship between variables that is supported by a vast body of evidence). Research priority setting (i.e., promoting consensus about areas where research effort will have wide benefits to society) is a key approach to helping accelerate research advancements. Thus, building upon existing IR, general principles of data reduction, and a general framework for moderated mediation, this article identifies four priority domains, three priority aims, and four testable hypotheses for IR, which we organize in the priority aims and testable hypotheses (PATH) diagram..Methods: The objective of this scoping review is to map the extent to which IR has examined the identified PATH priorities to date. Our sample will include IR published in leading implementation-focused journals (i.e., Implementation Science, Implementation Science Communications, and Implementation Research and Practice) between their inception and December 2020. The protocol for the current scoping review and evidence map has been developed in accordance with the approach developed by Arksey & O’Malley and advanced by Levac, Colquhoun, and O’Brien. Because scoping reviews seek to provide an overview of the identified evidence base rather than synthesize findings from across studies, we plan to use our data-charting form to provide a descriptive overview of implementation research to-date and summarize the research via one or more summary tables. We will use the PATH diagram to organize a map of the evidence to date.Discussion: This scoping review and evidence map is intended to help accelerate IR focused on suggested priority aims and testable hypotheses, which in turn will accelerate IR’s development of National Academy of Sciences-defined scientific theories and, subsequently, improvements in public health.Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/3vhuj/