bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of point focusing lens antenna for high‐temperature plasma diagnosis
Authors: Zhao Chengwei , Li Xiaoping , Sun Chao , Liu Yanming , Ouyang Wenchong 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA high temperature point focusing lens antenna was proposed in this article. The lens antenna mainly includes three parts: a point focusing lens, a feed source, and a support frame. The lens is made of high‐temperature resistant quartz material, and the feed and support structure are also made of high‐temperature resistant metal. In addition, the dielectric constant of quartz is
ε
r = 3.78, which is higher than that of the conventional Teflon material (with a
ε
r=2.1). Under the lens of the same diameter, the thickness is only 50.5% of that of the Teflon material, and the weight is only 51.5% of the Teflon material. To verify the design, the antenna was processed and measured. According to the test results, the focal resolution of the lens in the range of 26.5 to 40 GHz is less than 24.5 mm. As the frequency increases, the resolution gradually becomes smaller, which is consistent with the theory. This design method provides a very good application example for high‐temperature antennas.
Preliminary assessment on the application of biochar and spectral‐induced polarization for wastewater treatment
Authors: Kirmizakis P. , Kalderis D. , Ntarlagiannis D. , Soupios P. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACTIn this work, we explore the use of biochar as a remediation agent, and the sensitivity of the spectral‐induced polarization method as a remediation monitoring aid. Biochar amended columns were fully saturated with industrial wastewater (olive oil mill waste) with very high concentration of phenols (∼2485 mg/L) and other substances. The biochar‐amended columns achieved very high removal rates of phenols compared to the control (sand only). Geophysical monitoring over the duration of the experiment (10 days) showed changes in the spectral‐induced polarization signal (imaginary conductivity) consistent with phenol removal as confirmed by geochemical monitoring. This experiment confirmed the utility of biochar as a remediation agent. Furthermore, spectral‐induced polarization can serve as long‐term, high resolution, monitoring aid in organic contaminant degradation processes.
Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of cobalamin C (cblC) deficiency through target region sequencing of cell‐free DNA in maternal plasma
Authors: Han Lianshu , Chen Chao , Guo Fengyu , Ye Jun , Peng Zhiyu , Qiu Wenjuan , Wang Yaoshen , Li Wei , Zhang Huiwen , Liang Lili , Wang Yu , Wang Huanhuan , Ji Xing , Sun Jun , Gu Xuefan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to validate the feasibility of haplotype‐based noninvasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) of cobalamin C (cblC) deficiency.MethodThis method includes three steps: First, targeted sequencing was performed on 21 families affected by cblC deficiency (including the couples and probands). Second, parental haplotypes linked with the pathogenic variant were determined using the genotypes of trios. Then, the fetal haplotypes were inferred through a parental haplotype assisted hidden Markov model (HMM). The NIPD results were confirmed by using the invasive procedures.ResultsTwenty‐one fetal genotypes were successfully inferred by NIPD including three compound heterozygotes with cblC deficiency, nine heterozygote carriers of cblC deficiency, and nine normal fetuses. The NIPD results were confirmed using the invasive procedures with 100% concordant rate.ConclusionThis result has shown that haplotype‐based NIPD of cblC deficiency has high concordant rate and indicated potential clinical utility as a pregnancy diagnosis method for high‐risk carrier couples.
A rapid insect species identification system using mini‐barcode pyrosequencing
Authors: Hsieh Chia‐Hung , Huang Chin‐Gi , Wu Wen‐Jer , Wang Hurng‐Yi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDRapid and accurate species identification is not only important for biodiversity studies and pest quarantine and management, but in some cases may also influence the results of international trade negotiations. In this study, we developed a rapid species identification system for insects.RESULTSA universal DNA mini‐barcode primer pair was designed to target ∼ 120 bp of the mitochondrial 16S rDNA gene. This primer set can amplify the targeted region from all 300 species of 26 insect orders tested as well as other classes of Arthropoda. Although we found no within‐species variation in this region, it provided enough information to separate closely related species or species complexes, in particular Thrips spp. and Bemisia spp. By combining a quick DNA extraction method with pyrosequencing, we were able to generate DNA sequences and complete species identification within 5 h.CONCLUSIONMini‐barcode pyrosequencing of 16S rDNA coupled with the GenBank database provides a rapid, accurate, and efficient species identification system. This system is therefore useful for biodiversity discovery, forensic identification, and quarantine control and management. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Stability of Rossby–Haurwitz waves
Authors: Bénard P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractExploiting a factorized form of the linear perturbation equation valid around Rossby–Haurwitz waves in the nonlinear barotropic vorticity equation system on the sphere, an elementary discrete numerical method for analysing the stability of these waves is proposed. In contrast with former approaches based on wave‐interaction theory and its cumbersome triad‐interaction coefficients, the discrete analysis proposed here is inspired by the spectral‐transform technique, where nonlinearities are treated in physical space. This approach, based only on standard linear algebra techniques, is simpler than former ones and allows a large number of degrees of freedom to be retained in perturbation space. The merits and possible limitations of the method are discussed; some validations and results are presented.
Seasonal predictability of primary East Asian summer circulation patterns by three operational climate prediction models
Authors: Zhou Fang , Ren Hong‐Li , Hu Zeng‐Zhen , Liu Ming‐Hong , Wu Jie , Liu Chang‐Zheng 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSeasonal predictability of the Primary East‐Asian Summer Circulation Patterns (PEASCPs), including the Western Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH), South Asian High (SAH), anomalous Philippine Sea AntiCyclone (PSAC) and East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM), are investigated by using the hindcasts from the three operational climate prediction models, including BCC_CSM1.1(m), NCEP CFSv2 and ECMWF System 4. We show that prediction skills of the indices for representing these PEASCPs are sensitive to the initial calendar month of model prediction, and the ensemble mean of the three models provides relatively higher and more stable skills than forecasts from an individual model. In general, the indices of intensity and area have high prediction skills while the position indices have relatively low skills. Specifically, the skills of the WPSH intensity, area, SAH centre intensity, PSAC and EASM are higher, while the skills of the WPSH western boundary and SAH centre latitude are lower, and the skills of WPSH ridge line and SAH centre longitude are the lowest. Further analysis shows that the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a large contribution to these prediction skills, and these patterns of atmospheric circulation anomalies in response to ENSO can be well captured by models, which is the major predictability source of the skills.
Controllability of heterogeneous multiagent systems
Authors: Zhao Bin , Chen Michael Z.Q. , Guan Yongqiang , Wang Long 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThe existing results on controllability of multiagent systems (MASs) are mostly based on homogeneous nodes. This paper focuses on controllability of heterogeneous MASs, where the agents are modeled as two types. One type is that the agents have the same high‐order dynamics, and the interconnection topologies of the information flow in different orders are supposed to be different; the other type is that the agents have generic linear dynamics, and the dynamics are supposed to be heterogeneous. For the first type, the necessary and sufficient condition for controllability of heterogeneous‐topology system is derived via combination of Laplacian matrices. For the second type, the contribution also has two parts. The first part supposes that the agents have the same dimensional states and proves that controllability of this kind of MASs is equivalent to the controllability of each node and the whole interconnection topology, while the last parameter of the state feedback vector must not be 0. The second part supposes that the agents may have different dimensional states. For this kind of systems, the concept of β‐controllability is proposed. The necessary and sufficient condition for β‐controllability of heterogeneous‐dynamic systems is also derived and it is also proved that the feedback gain vectors have the effect to improve controllability. Different illustrative examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results in this paper.
Aktuelle Messtechnik zur Bestandsaufnahme von Kranbahnen
Authors: Suding Ansgar 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBei Projekten für den Neubau von Kranbahnanlagen ist die Vermessung der Schienengeometrie im Rahmen der Abnahme in der Regel vertraglich vereinbart mit dem Ziel, die Einhaltung der vertraglich geschuldeten Parameter durch das bauausführende Unternehmen zu überprüfen. Bei der Sanierung von Kranbahnanlagen oder Neuanschaffung von Kranbrücken wird zur Planung ein genaues Aufmaß der Anlage benötigt. Auch können Setzungen und Deformationen von Hallenschiffen über eine Kranbahnvermessung angezeigt werden. Vollflächige Erfassungen von ganzen Lagerhallen und Produktionsstätten werden heute mit Laserscannern durchgeführt und die Punktwolken dienen als Grundlage von Sanierungsplanungen oder Erweiterungen. Erläutert werden die Kranschienenmessung per Tachymeter und Messwagen, die Kranradmessung mit Industriemesstechnik und das aktuelle Laserscanning sowie deren Auswertung.
Montagetoleranzen von Kranbahnen
Authors: Hardt Andreas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractKrananlagen, bestehend aus Laufkran und Kranbahn, gelten als häufig eingesetzte Fördermittel in Industrie, (Stahl‐)Handel und Handwerk. Unter verschiedenen Umgebungsbedingungen ist das sichere Aufnehmen, Befördern und Positionieren der Last sicherzustellen. Dabei sind die Positioniergenauigkeit, die Laufqualität des Krans, der Verschleiß, die Vermeidung von Schäden und die Lebensdauer der Krananlage stark abhängig von den Montagetoleranzen der Kranbahn. Die verschiedenen Toleranzkriterien wirken sich unterschiedlich auf die Betriebseigenschaften einer Krananlage aus. In diesem Beitrag werden die in verschiedenen Normen definierten Kriterien und deren Auswirkungen unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener Kranführungssysteme und anderer Randbedingungen qualitativ bewertet.
The impact of engineering curriculum design principles on elementary students’ engineering and science learning
Authors: Cunningham Christine M. , Lachapelle Cathy P. , Brennan Robert T. , Kelly Gregory J. , Tunis Chris San Antonio , Gentry Christine A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Framework for K‐12 Science Education and the Next Generation Science Standards propose that students learn core ideas and practices related to engineering as well as science. To do so, students will need high‐quality curricular materials designed to meet these goals. We report an efficacy study of an elementary engineering curriculum, Engineering is Elementary (EiE) that includes a set of hypothesized critical components designed to encourage student engagement in practices, connect engineering and science learning, and reach diverse students. To measure the impact of the curriculum, we conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial in 604 classrooms in 152 schools in three states. Schools were randomly assigned to either the treatment curriculum or to a comparison curriculum that addressed the same learning goals but did not include several critical components. Results show that students who used the treatment curriculum (EiE) regardless of demographic characteristics outperformed students in the comparison group on outcome measures of both engineering and science content learning. The results show that curriculum design affects student‐learning outcomes.
Optimization of electrodes in a disposable paper‐based microbial fuel cell
Authors: Nguyen Dang‐Trang , Taguchi Kozo 
Published: November 2019

In this letter, a disposable micropower source was developed by integrating a microbial fuel cell (MFC) in filter paper. The paper‐based MFC could harvest electrical energy generated by Escherichia coli during the metabolic process. The air‐dried biofilm anode was activated by water for on‐demand electricity generation. This study aimed to optimize the anodic and cathodic materials for maximization of the MFC performance. The concentration of activated carbon powder in the anode and potassium ferricyanide in the cathode were optimized. The paper‐based MFC with the optimum anode and cathode generated a maximum power density of 8.4 µW/cm2. © 2019 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Total flavonoids of Epimedium ameliorates testicular damage in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress
Authors: Cheng Yin , Yang Zhangliang , Shi Jie , Yang Junjie , Zhao Jinguo , He Yinghao , Qi Minyou 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTesticular damage is the anomaly that will often accompany diabetes mellitus. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role that total flavonoids of Epimedium (TFE) played against streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic testicular dysfunction and to elucidate the mechanism of action. The diabetic rat model was induced by vein injection of STZ in healthy rats. Thirty male healthy Spraque‐Dawley rats were randomly divided into following groups: the control group, the diabetic group, and the diabetic + TFE group. Gastrointestinal administration begins at fifth week of TFE for 6 weeks. After TFE administration, all animals were euthanized. Testicular tissue samples and blood samples of rats were collected for histopathological examination and for determination of levels of various biomarkers including blood glucose, testosterone, testicular enzymes, and oxidative stress indicators. All testes were weighted to calculate the testicular organ index. Hematoxylin‐eosin staining was used for observing the testis and epididymis pathological changes. Protein expression (monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, transforming growth factor‐beta‐1, interleukin‐6, and 3‐beta‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) was detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot techniques. There was a significant difference in the changes between the diabetes group and the control group. As a result of treat with TFE, the blood glucose decreased but there was no significant difference, and other indicators showed significant improvement. TFE may protect against STZ‐induced testicular injury by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress.
Monetary‐based availability: A novel approach to assess the performance of wind turbines
Authors: Lutz Marc‐Alexander , Görg Philip , Faulstich Stefan , Cernusko Robert , Pfaffel Sebastian 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWith the background of numerous wind turbines phasing out of fixed feed‐in tariffs in the following years and an increasing share of negative electricity market prices on the spot market, the availability definitions of “time‐based” and “production‐based” availability are possibly no longer suitable for assessing the overall performance of a wind turbine. This paper introduces a novel definition: the “monetary‐based” availability. The differences between the established definitions and the “monetary‐based” availability are highlighted by comparing the measures on an empirical data set. Furthermore, results on the impact of scheduling planned downtimes towards a monetary‐based optimum show that revenues can be increased. By shifting only a small share of the annual downtime to an optimum to maximize the revenue from electricity, a strong increase in additional earnings and thereby an increasment of the monetary‐based availability can be achieved.
Fabrication of Fe3O4/ZIF‐67 composite for removal of direct blue 80 from water
Authors: Li Mingyan , Gao Dasheng , Cui Shuang , Shi Yan , Liu Ningning 
Published: November 2019

AbstractFe3O4/ZIF‐67 composite was successfully fabricated by a facile method and used as adsorbent to remove direct blue 80 (DB80, azo dye) from water. Characterizations of Fe3O4/ZIF‐67 composite were performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and magnetic property analysis. As an adsorbent, the factors (such as adsorbent dose, pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature) affecting the adsorption performance of adsorbent were investigated. The optimal adsorption condition is 5 mg of Fe3O4/ZIF‐67 composite in 8 ml of DB80 solution (70 mg/L) for 60 min at 318 K, and the pH value has little effect on the adsorption performance. The adsorption isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamics of DB80 adsorbed on the Fe3O4/ZIF‐67 composite were also studied. The experimental results revealed that the experimental data followed the Langmuir model and the adsorption behavior could be well explained by pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process. Furthermore, the mechanism of DB80 adsorbed on the Fe3O4/ZIF‐67 composite was proposed. The occurrence of adsorption might be caused by the π‐π stacking interaction between Fe3O4/ZIF‐67 composite and DB80.Practitioner points

Fe3O4/ZIF‐67 composite was successfully fabricated via a facile method.

Fe3O4/ZIF‐67 composite was used to the adsorptive removal of direct blue 80 (azo dye).

The kinetic characteristics and thermodynamic parameters were analyzed.

The adsorption behavior might be ascribed to the π‐π stacking interaction between Fe3O4/ZIF‐67 composite and DB80.
Agency, Time and Morality: An Argument from Social and Economic Anthropology
Authors: Clough Paul 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis paper reflects on the ways in which the concepts of agency, time, and morality can be linked together. It does so by considering how the kind of thinking which goes on in social anthropology and economic anthropology can contribute to our understanding of ‘agency’. It then relates the discussion of agency to the concepts of time and morality. The mode of reasoning in social anthropology can be described as cyclical: social theory generates general questions that can be asked of a human society in particular times and places. Those questions stimulate empirical investigation, which results in a descriptive analysis of human social reality – known in social anthropology as ethnography. In turn, ethnography often challenges existing paradigms in social theory, because it throws up puzzles about human social interaction that can only be resolved by revising existing theory. Thus, there is a cycle in which theory stimulates ethnography, which throws up puzzles that can only be resolved by revising or changing theory. The same cycle can be discerned in economic anthropology, that sub-branch of social anthropology which understands ‘economy’ as a holistic social process interweaving production, exchange, and consumption (Narotzky 1997). The ethnography of micro-economic reality has provided rich evidence about human decision-making that can be used to address general theoretical questions. From its origin in studies of gift exchange (eg., Malinowski 1922) to contemporary studies of money and debt (eg., Graeber 2011), economic anthropology, like its parent discipline, has been preoccupied with theoretical questions like the tension between ‘agency’ and ‘structure’, ‘individual’ and ‘society’.
The Morphogenetic Approach; Critical Realism’s Explanatory Framework Approach
Authors: Archer Margaret Scotford 
Published: November 2019

AbstractCritical Realism, the philosophy of the social sciences used here is equally applicable to all such disciplines and accords no special place to economics. In fact there has been disappointingly little take-up of it by heterodox economists (notable exceptions in Britain being Tony Lawson and Jamie Morgan). The generality with which Roy Bhaskar advanced CR means that necessarily theorists in each discipline must develop their own explanations, although these will share the same philosophical ‘under-labouring’ as Bhaskar characterized his own contribution. Specifically, this involves common endorsement of the following:-

A rejection of Humean ‘constant conjunctions’ as a deficient, because empiricist basis for conceptualizing social reality and causality.

A stratified ontology of the social order, endorsing emergence and the causal consequences of the second or third-order interplay between emergent properties and powers. In turn this spells acceptance of upwards and downwards causality between strata.

A refusal to assign automatic priority to structure (or culture) versus agency when accounting for causation in the social domain.

A reliance upon CR’s ‘three pillars’ for explanatory adequacy:-

Ontological realism

Epistemic relativism

Judgemental rationality

I will attempt to show how my own ‘Morphogenetic/Morphostatic’ explanatory programme usefully supplements the above with an interdisciplinary approach to accounting for change and stability in all social forms and institutions. This framework is obedient both to the four above principles but also provides a toolkit for those seeking to theorize about the development of particular social processes, practices and policies (and resistance to them) at any given S1 T1, wherever this is situated historically and geographically. In itself, the M/M approach is not a theory. Should some prefer to assign it to ‘methodology’, I would not object.
Neurodiversity.Com: A Decade of Advocacy
Authors: Seidel Kathleen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractKathleen Seidel created the website Neurodiversity.com (2004–2013) after her child received a diagnosis of autism and she became aware of the harmful language used to describe autistic people. The following chapter describes the development of the site as an autism research and advocacy portal and how it contributed significantly to public discourse by working to debunk misinformation about autism. She invited guest posts and wrote reports on her campaigns to counter false notions such as an autism-vaccine link and harmful, unsubstantiated treatments, influencing legal actions against individuals and products. Neurodiversity.com’s library of information remains available, to help increase effective support for autistic people.
L∞-algebras and the perturbiner expansion
Authors: Lopez-Arcos Cristhiam , Vélez Alexander Quintero 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Certain classical field theories admit a formal multi-particle solution, known as the perturbiner expansion, that serves as a generating function for all the tree-level scattering amplitudes and the Berends-Giele recursion relations they satisfy. In this paper it is argued that the minimal model for the L∞-algebra that governs a classical field theory contains enough information to determine the perturbiner expansion associated to such theory. This gives a prescription for computing the tree-level scattering amplitudes by inserting the perturbiner solution into the homotopy Maurer-Cartan action for the L∞-algebra. We confirm the method in the non-trivial examples of bi-adjoint scalar and Yang-Mills theories.