bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Problems of nature protection in Moscow
Authors: Zakharov K V , Terehova A A , Kozlov V N , Bobkova E Y , Grigoryants I A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Moscow is one of the largest and most northern megalopolises in the world. In Moscow, multi-storey and dense buildings prevail, but forest and other natural communities with characteristic flora and fauna have been preserved. It was possible to preserve the natural heritage in such a huge city thanks to environmental efforts undertaken during the 20th century. The greatest practical result was obtained with the territorial nature conservation. The main achievements include the allocation of a green belt around Moscow, the assignment of special protection status to large natural territories and the allocation of the Moscow Natural Complex not subject to development, as well as the publication of the Moscow Red Book. Despite the positive results obtained, in recent years there has been a tendency in the city to reduce the area of natural communities and, accordingly, biodiversity. The main reason for this is a sharp decrease in interest in the protection of nature among the population and the city authorities, the replacement of the true protection of nature with its urban beautification and “improvement”. The experience of Moscow confirms the view that it is impossible to preserve wildlife in the city only by the efforts of enthusiasts. In the modern metropolis, it is necessary to involve the broadest sections of the population in this process and integrate environmental ideas into all spheres of urban life.
A thermodynamic study of microelement influence on the nitrogen and oxygen activity in soil
Authors: Podshivalova A K , Gogol E S , Butorina N V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Microelement influence on the activity of the most important biogenic elements (oxygen and nitrogen) have been studied through modelling of physical and chemical processes. The obtained results lead to the conclusion that sandy soils do not influence chemical potentials of oxygen and nitrogen due to the silicon dioxide inertness. Clay soils increase oxygen activity and reduce nitrogen activity; at the same time, the influence is smoothed by the process of poorly soluble gibbsite mineral formation as a result of increased aluminium oxide content in the soils. The oxygen chemical activity increases in the presence of copper(II) ions in sandy soils. Iron(II) ions have a negative impact on the oxygen chemical activity; however, they in-crease the nitrogen activity in sandy and clay soils. The oxidation state of a microelement included in micronutrient fertilizers substantially influences the biogenic element activity. Iron(III) ions used as a component of micronutrient fertilizers have an advantage over iron(II) ions, as they increase the nitrogen activity to a greater extent.
The load allocation along the loader axles depending on operating conditions
Authors: Mashtakov Alexander P , Khakimzyanov Rustam R 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article presents a kinematic analysis of a front bucket loader with a center pivot frame articulation. Due to the action of external loads, the values of reactions occurring on loader motor and loading axles are determined. The article contains the results of theoretical and experimental researches of the load allocation along the tractor axles on the basis of the cargo mass and the hoisting height. The dependencies of the force allocation along the loader axles are obtained according to the operating conditions.
Total evaporation from the surface of river catchments in Western Siberia
Authors: Tusupbekov Zh A , Ryapolova N L , Nadtochiy V S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
An important place in determining the water content of the territory in order to plan the optimal management of water resources, as well as in determining the technology of irrigation regimes to obtain sustainable crop yields, is the calculation of total evaporation. Evaporation, being the main element of the hydrological cycle, connects hydrology with meteorology and agriculture. In plant physiology, transpiration is characterized by the transition of water contained in them into a vapor state, followed by accumulation in the atmosphere. During transpiration, as with conventional evaporation, it is necessary to take into account such atmospheric elements as radiation, temperature and humidity, soil moisture and wind parameters. Therefore, the value of total evaporation, including transpiration and evaporation from the underlying surface (soil, water, snow, ice, etc.) depends on both zonal and azonal factors of the geographical landscape. Of great importance in determining the total evaporation is the correct choice of calculation method that meets the tasks requirements, taking into account the climatic features and fulfilling the conditions of the required accuracy of the calculation results.
The assess of the possibility of rain floods forecasting on the rivers of Western Tyva
Authors: Vinogradova L I , Ivanova O I , Agapova T V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
This article discusses the problem of forecasting rain floods on the Elegest, Chadan and Khemchik rivers in the Western part of the Republic of Tyva. The purpose of this work is to assess the possibility of forecasting rain floods on small rivers. In this work, the following tasks are solved: collecting data on the water regime and analyzing the observed floods on the rivers of Western Tyva; collecting and analyzing data on flood-forming precipitation; statistical processing and identification of a close relationship between the flood and precipitation. In the work was used a device for correlation analysis of flood flow with measured precipitation at weather stations. A general analysis of flood-forming characteristics was carried out on the Elegest (the period from 1969 to 2018), Khemchik (the period from 1975 to 2018), and Chadan (the period from 2000 to 2018). Then was chosen daily and semi-daily precipitation on these three rivers, according to the most representative observation points: Shagonar, Hovu-Aksy and Chadan for the Elegest river; Shagonar, Teeli and Barlyk for the Khemchik river; Chadan, Hovu-Aksy and Teeli for the Chadan river. The analysis showed the relationship between the fixed precipitation at the stations and the rain flood, but it showed a weak relationship between them on the Chadan river. This circumstance is explained by the peculiarities of the formation of rain floods in the mountains and the almost complete lack of precipitation meters within the considered river basins in the valleys. However, for the Elegest and Chadan rivers, graphs of correlation between the flood height and the amount of precipitation are built, which are recommended for operational use in the Department of hydrological forecasts of the Krasnoyarsk Department of Hydrometeorological Service.
Green logistics as an element of sustainable development
Authors: Kurbatova S M , Aisner L Yu , Mazurov V Yu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article deals with the concept, essence and objectives of “green” logistics as a new scientific direction based on the use of knowledge in the field of economics, ecology, sociology, management, and other areas on the application of logistics information technologies to reduce environmental harm while increasing the efficiency of the use of certain resources. The idea, essence and objectives of the concept of “sustainable development” are considered. A number of intersections of “green” logistics and the ideas of sustainable development are noted. It is proposed to consider “green” logistics as an element of sustainable development, which will allow us to use an integrated approach to study this design, to identify and develop their relationships. Certain options for improving the effectiveness of these two institutions through the development of interaction mechanisms are proposed. The importance and significance of scientific support and human resources for the effective solution to the tasks set for “green” logistics as an element of sustainable development are noted.
Biological features and productivity of soybean varieties grown in the unstable moisture zone on leached chernozem
Authors: Shabaldas O G , Donets I A , Golub A S , Mukhina O V , Chukhlebova N S 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article presents the results of studies on the biological characteristics and productivity of new promising varieties of different ripeness groups, Armavir experimental station selection - a branch of the Federal state budgetary scientific institution “Federal scientific center “V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil crops”. The studies were carried out in an unstable moisture zone on the basis of the experimental station of the Stavropol State Agrarian University; the soils of the experimental plot are leached chernozem. On average, over three years of research, it was found that the highest yield in the group of quickly ripening varieties was obtained by Parus variety - 1.73 t/ha, which was 0.43 t/ha more than the standard Bara variety. In the group of early ripening varieties, the highest yield was obtained by the standard Duar variety - 1.58 t/ha. The mid-ripening Zara variety showed a maximum yield of 1.84 t/ha among the studied varieties, exceeding the standard Vilana variety by 0.19 t/ha. The highest protein content in soybean grain was noted in the Vilana variety - 43.2%, and the vegetable oil in the Vestochka variety -24%.
Actual situation of dealing with environmental law violations and building of a legal system in the state management of environment in the agricultural sector in Vietnam
Authors: Dang T H , Chu X D 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Environmental pollution is a global problem. Environmental pollution, leading to extremely difficult consequences. It has affected the health and life of humans and the creatures living on the earth. In addition, it also directly harms the race, the next generation of humans. Especially, agricultural environmental pollution also directly threatens Vietnam’s food security. Therefore, will directly affect the sustainable development of agriculture. In the context of the article, the author analyses the situation of pollution and handles violations of the law on environmental pollution in Vietnam. At the same time, propose solutions to improve the state management efficiency in the protection of clean and sustainable agriculture.
Productive moisture stock assessment in the apple orchards soils of forest steppe north
Authors: Zakharov V L , Morgacheva N V , Petrisheva T Yu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The research was carried out in the north of forest steppe zone of Russia. The research subjects are soils under which apple trees of fruit-bearing age are located (16-24 years). Over the years of the research 50 soil cuts were laid in the apple orchards. United soil samples were formed by mixing the samples from near-stalk stripes and row-spacing. The total depth of searched cuts was 220 m. All the soil moisture capacity categories were determined by thermostat weight method: maximum water adsorption after airy dry soil condition in desiccators at air humidity close to 100%, limit field or the least soil moisture capacity after moist soil condition on the plaster casts and after free gravitational moisture coming down the profile on the flooded areas, the capillary bonding breakage humidity by multiplication of limit field soil moisture capacity and coefficient of 0.6. The total moisture stock was calculated as multiplication of soil density, layer thickness and limit field soil moisture capacity. Remote moisture stock was calculated as multiplication of soil density, layer thickness, maximum water adsorption and coefficient of 1.37. It was established that limit field soil moisture capacity significantly varies not only within one searched farm but inside soil type and soil subtype. Productive moisture stock in spring in ploughing soil layer occupied by the apple orchids of forest steppe north are described as good and represent 406-720 m3/ha (41-72 mm). Productive moisture stock in one-meter soil layer of apple orchards are assessed as very good and vary from 2993 to 4822 m3/ha (293-482 mm). According to productive moisture stock increasing in a meter layer apple orchards soils of forest steppe north can be placed in the following order: podzolic chernozem < chernozem moist meadow < grey forest < chernozem meadow < typical chernozem < leached chernozem < meadow chernozem < meadowish chernozem.
Parameters-adapters of wheeled tractors
Authors: Selivanov N I , Averyanov V V , Zaprudsky V N , Kuznetsov A V , Makeeva Yu N 
Published: September 2020

AbstractThe article considers the rationale for the adapter parameters of wheeled tractors using high-speed tillage units. Models and an algorithm for optimizing the traction-speed regime and the specific gravity of wheeled tractors for operational tillage technologies were proposed. As the basic factors of influence, we used the characteristics of the towing and coupling properties of tractors and the resistivity of serial and high-speed working machines in tillage operations, which were established based on the results of modeling and experiments. The maximum speed mode of the units was established from the condition of a minimum of energy costs attributed to the product of specific productivity and speed, and minimum with a minimum value of the ratio of specific energy consumption and productivity. The rational value of the specific gravity of the tractor for an individual operation or a group of related tillage operations in terms of energy intensity corresponds to the nominal traction and speed mode with maximum traction efficiency and nominal speed, which ensures an increase in specific energy consumption of no more than 10-12%. The specific gravity was 66-69 kg/kW for moldboard plowing by high-speed plows at 2.5 m/s (9.0 km/h), which is achieved by installing on the tractor, depending on the basic configuration, removable ballast with a specific gravity of 7-13 kg/kW. In operations of the second and third energy-intensive groups, the mass of ballast must be reduced to 0-5 kg/W. When working with serial mounted plows in the speed range of 7-9 km/h, to increase the specific gravity to 71-74 kg/kW, it is advisable to use a tractor hydraulic loader.
Respiratory moisture loss in neonatal calves and their association with airway inflammation
Authors: Chernitskiy A E , Safonov V A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
In 85 Holstein calves aged 2-28 days, indicators characterizing respiratory moisture loss (RML) and their association with airway inflammation were studied. Animals were evaluated by clinical scoring system WI. 66 calves had a WI clinical score of more than 3 points or less (healthy), 19-more than 3 points (sick). To study RML in animals, exhaled breath condensate was collected using a special device (patent RU 134772 U1) and its volume generated in 1 minute and from 100 L of exhaled air was measured. It was found that in healthy calves, RML is 0.030-0.124 mL per minute and 0.242-1.506 mL per 100 L of exhaled air, in sick calves they increase on average by 24.3% (P <0.01) and 50.4% (P <0.001), respectively. Thus, airway inflammation increases RML in animals. Current results show that RML intensity in calves increases markedly with increasing body temperature, WI clinical score and correlates with pulmonary ventilation.
Revisiting the interrelation between nitrate and microbiological pollution of spring water
Authors: Vasyukov A E , Nikulina S N , Grishakova V V , Shin I L , Chudakova T A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article provides statistical grounds for the formation of a data array to be used at estimating the interrelation between the chemical and microbiological groundwater quality indices substantially exceeding sanitation and hygiene standards. This has provided relevant data on low linear dependence between the nitrate content and total bacterial count, and absence of linear dependence between the nitrate content and coliform index in the groundwater of 29 springs in Kaluga Region for the period from 2011 to 2016.
Assessment of the impact of indicator air pollutants in Atyrau city on public health
Authors: Yessenamanova M S , Tekeyeva A A , Yessenamanova Zh S , Tlepbergenova A E 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The article analyzes the impact of air pollutants in Atyrau on public health, taking into account hygiene standards. Atyrau region is characterized by the development of oil and gas production and processing activities and is located on the coastal lowlands of the Caspian Sea. An oil refinery is located in the city, and as a result, atmospheric air is characterized by pollution of a number of chemical substances that are priority ones, such as hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, suspended solids, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide. Most of these substances affect the respiratory system. Calculation of the inhalation risk according to the results of Kazhydromet shows that even in acute and chronic exposure, the most elevated pollutants are short-term exposure to hydrogen sulfide (HQ = 7.4), suspended particles (HQ = 4) and fine particles (HQ = 7.13) for long-term exposure. The results of field studies conducted by ECOSERVICE-S LLP show that the calculation of the risk to public health during the inhalation of pollutants is characterized by increased values under acute exposure to nitrogen (IV) dioxide (HQ = 44.03051) and hydrogen sulfide (HQ = 35, 41465). The maximum risk of acute exposure during inhalation of pollutants is formed in the area of settlement point 6 - Kursai district.
Development of a rational environmental management system and increasing environmental safety
Authors: Kuchumov A V , Fattakhov R V , Pivovarova O V , Pobyvaev S A , Gibadullin A A , Troshin D V 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The analyzed indicators indicate that the industrial complex consumes the largest volume of water resources, while not all water resources that are discharged into water bodies are subject to treatment, which, of course, affects the state of water basins. It was substantiated in the work that in order to achieve and increase the effective use of water resources, it is advisable to develop a coordinated policy to reduce water consumption and preserve the environment for future generations. At the end of the study, the necessary conclusions were drawn on the results of the work done.
The prospects for the use of proteinase from Bacillus pumilus for processing raw meat
Authors: Karimov A Z , Ponomarev Y Y , Yunusov E Sh , Khrundin D V , Egkova G O 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The purpose of the work was to assess the prospects of using the microbial proteinase from Bacillus pumilus for processing meat raw materials with a high content of connective tissue fibers. This proteinase has broad substrate specificity and is capable of deep hydrolysis of proteins. The effect of protease from Bacillus pumilus on meat raw materials was studied with the prospect of using in the production technology. Proteinase is very effective at the structural elements of meat raw materials, in particular water-soluble and salt-soluble protein complexes, as confirmed by spectrophotometric studies. Enzymatic treatment with proteinase from B. pumilus destructively affects cellular structures, leads to swelling and loosening of collagen fibers. The accumulation of free amino acids was recorded during processing, the degree of hydrolysis was estimated, which amounted to an average of 15-20% depending on the type of protein fraction. The positive effect of the use of proteinase to improve the functional and technological properties of raw meat was established, which resulted in an increase in its water-binding and water-holding capacity, as well as the yield of finished products after heat treatment. Based on the results of the work, it was concluded that proteinase from B. Pumilus is promising for the processing of meat raw materials with reduced functional and technological properties, which is unsuitable for the production of meat products without additional processing.
Extraction of grains from ears of grain crops by grinding when opposite moving the conveyor and deck
Authors: Nikolaev V A , Voinash S A , Maksimovich K Y , Galimov R R , Sokolova V A , Dolmatov S N 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
When combine harvesters work, about half of the engine power is spent on extracting grain from ears of grain crops. The high energy costs for extracting grain from ears are due to the need to drag straw through a threshing device, the small displacement between the drum or rotor and deck, as well as to extract grain from ears of grain crops mainly by impact. Upon impact, grain damage also occurs. Therefore, the task was to develop a combine harvester that extracts grains from the ears of grain crops by grinding. For modeling, the assumption was made that the spike fell on the deck, after which it was clamped between the working branch of the conveyor and the deck strictly perpendicular to the direction of movement of the conveyor branch. The conveyor belt moves uniformly, and the deck oscillates. The movement of the conveyor and deck from the initial position is considered in the opposite direction. To efficiently removesingle grains from the ears, when the conveyor belt and deck are moved in opposite directions, it must rotate 360°. As a result of the simulation, the kinematic parameters of the process were detected during the opposite movement of the conveyor and deck. The following are determined: the speed of the belt of the upper conveyor, the angular speed of the drive shaft of the upper conveyor, the period of oscillation of the deck, the movement and the angle of rotation of the ear located between the working branch of the conveyor and the deck, when they are counter-moving. The simulation will then allow us to consider the movement of the ear during the movement of the conveyor and deck from the starting position and, based on the calculations, to identify the structural and kinematic parameters of the conveyor and deck.
Features of accumulation of trace elements in the soil-honey plants system in the Tyumen region
Authors: Pashayan S A , Sindireva A V , Boev V A 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The life activity of living organisms depends largely on the ecological state of their habitat. Based on the environmental monitoring of apiaries in the Tyumen region, the content of chemical elements in the soil and honey plants was studied. Based on the results of assessing the content of trace elements in the soil and plants, the soil contamination coefficient (CO) and the biological absorption coefficient (BAC) of plants were calculated. Studies have shown that the level of chemical elements in the soils and plants of apiaries in certain areas differs significantly. The reason for this is the natural and geographical conditions of these areas, as well as the proximity of anthropogenic sources of pollution. In spring, the content of the studied elements in the soil and in honey plants is higher than in summer. This is due to the fact that the soil receives pollutants that have accumulated in the snow cover during the winter due to atmospheric transport. The analysis of the obtained results showed that apiaries of Tyumen, Yarkovsky and Nizhnetavdinsky administrative districts of the Tyumen region are experiencing the greatest technogenic load. The apiaries of Berdyuzhsky and Sladkovsky districts can be considered environmentally safe. The flowers of coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara L), dandelion, woundwort (Stachus gen.) and willow herb (Epilobium avgustifolium) have a low BAC of the studied elements from honeybees.