bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiome divergence across four major Indian riverine water ecosystems impacted by anthropogenic contamination: A comparative metagenomic analysis
Authors: Regar Raj Kumar , Kamthan Mohan , gaur Vivek Kumar , Singh Satyendra Pratap , Mishra Seema , Dwivedi Sanjay , Mishra Aradhana , Manickam Natesan , Nautiyal Chandra Shekhar 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Indian rivers are a major source of livelihood as river water is used for drinking, agriculture, and religious purposes to a large population. In this study, we report comparative microbial structures and functional potential of four major rivers of India, namely Ganga, Narmada, Cauvery, and Gomti. Comparative microbiome study of these geographically distinct rivers was performed using the samples collected from the source to the downstream sites of each river. We employed metagenomic approach to comprehensively determine the taxonomic and functional potential of river microbiome.
Results
In this study, we report the pollution influences on microbial composition and functional potential of four distantly located rivers. Results revealed significant microbial diversity in contaminated locations as compared to the upstream samples. A total number of 37 bacterial phyla were detected out of which Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, and Verrucomicrobia were abundant. Microbial diversity in respect to anthropogenic activities revealed the prevalence of Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Firmicutes, and Nitrospirae phyla, whereas a decline in Proteobacteria and Bacteroides. Virulent and temperate bacteriophages were found high in Ganga when compared to others. Interestingly, the abundance of bacteriophage decreased with increasing pollution load in the river Ganga, unlike in other rivers. The carbon utilization studies indicated a correlation with functional genes occurred in metal contaminated sites. Ganga water has relatively higher trace elements at pristine-upstream than in the Narmada and Cauvery, indicating its origin from Himalayan rocky mountains and also both Ganga and Cauvery rivers found to harbour a large number of metal resistance genes.
Conclusion
Our findings indicate a correlation between pollution and the microbiome composition. The insights obtained suggest the role of high abundance of microbial communities with implications for human health and demonstrate the functional capabilities contributed by the microbial communities. Among the four rivers studied, the distinctiveness of Ganga in comparison to others, particularly upstream of Ganga revealed a highly dynamic microbial structure. Bhagirathi and Alaknanda confluence to form Ganga, the microbiome revealed that Alaknanda has the foremost contribution to Ganga with respect to microbial community, bacteriophages, and the type of trace elements and heavy metals detected.
Rehabilitation training improves subjective cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease patients: A prospective analysis
Authors: Wen Shi Rong , Yang Guang , Xu Si Jia , Liu Yan , Pan Yu Jun 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: The predictive value of subjective cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease (PD-SCD) remains controversial. However, there is growing evidence that individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are associated with Alzheimer's disease pathology and are a higher risk for cognitive decline. The aim of the present study is to characterize PD-SCD and its progression, assess the effects of rehabilitation training programs on cognitive function in PD patients.Methods: Forty-two PD patients were evaluated with a neuropsychological protocol, and classified depending on the presence (PD-SCD+, n=22) or absence of SCD (PD-SCD-,n=20). After a mean follow-up of 3.0 years (2.0-4.0 years), we repeated the cognitive assessments with the same subjects. The rehabilitation training for individuals with PD for six months after the re-assessment.Results: The clinical characteristics and overall cognitive performance of the 2 groups did not differ from baseline. During the follow-up assessment, patients with PD-SCD exhibited a more significant annual decline in Chinese-Beijing version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Test (BJ-MoCA) and semantic fluency than patients without PD-SCD. Stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that the MMSE Scores(P=0.000), HAMD Scores (P=0.008), male (P=0.026), and the presence of SCD (P=0.022) were risk factors for language and related functions domain. There are significant improvements detected in 2 groups after rehabilitation training in terms of BJ-MoCA. Pairwise comparisons showed that language at post-intervention in the PD-SCD+ groups were significantly higher than at pre-intervention in the PD-SCD-.Conclusion: With the progression of the disease, the cognitive performance of patients with PD-SCD+ was worse than PD-SCD-. Meanwhile, the present data indicate that semantic fluency might be a key component to evaluate the cognitive subset of PD. Rehabilitation training is a viable intervention for PD that can improve several non-motor domains, produced larger improvements in cognition.
Utilization And Effectiveness Of Malaria Prevention Methods Among Pregnant Women In A Rural Community Of Ekiti State, South West Nigeria: A Cross- Sectional Study.
Authors: Ibrahim Azeez , Agbesanwa Tosin Anthony , Shabi Olabode Muftau , Ariyibi Kayode Ebenezer , Alabi Ayodele Kamal , Omonijo Oluwatosin Adejumoke 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background: National surveys indicate that among countries in Africa where malaria is endemic, Nigeria alone accounts for 21% of pregnancies that are unprotected from malaria. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the extent of utilization and effectiveness of malaria prevention methods, to find out the existing relationship between maternal parasitaemia and the effectiveness of these methods at (p<0.05) level of significance.Methods: The study was a cross sectional survey involving 264 consenting booked pregnant women who were recruited from antenatal clinic at Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido -Ekiti, Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigerian. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used to elicit information on the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, mode of malaria prevention, extent of utilization of malaria prevention methods and their effectiveness. Venous blood samples for malaria parasite test were collected and microscopic analysis was done to detect the malaria parasite in the obtained blood samples. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0Results: All the 264 pregnant women interviewed, consented to having their blood taken. In rank order, the mode of malaria prevention methods most commonly reported as being effective were Intermittent Preventive Treatment using sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPT-sp) which was favored by majority 190 (72.0%). This was followed by Insecticide Spray 166 (62.9%). Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) were the least utilized by 108 (40.9%) respondents. Nine (8.3%) of the 108 participants that used ITNs, 15 (7.9%) of the 190 participants that used IPT-s and 18 (10.8%) of the 156 participants that used Insecticide Spray tested positive for malaria respectively. There was a statistically significant association between maternal parasitaemia and malaria prevention methods using ITNs (p=0.001), IPT-sp (p = 0.001) and Insecticide sprays (p = 0.001).Conclusion: The three malaria preventive methods adopted for this study were ITNs, IPT-sp and Insecticide Spray. Despite their protective effectiveness, their utilizations are still poor. Information and communication strategies with other concerted efforts by the stakeholders are suggested to ensure proper implementation of the national policy on malaria as adopted by other countries.
Platelet Counts and Indices Are Altered in Pre-Eclampsia
Authors: Saini Vandana , Vallepu Vijaya , Gupta Mamta 
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND: Endothelial damage and activation of platelets leading to their increased consumption and increase in production of young platelets by bone marrow is the most common pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia. Thus, fall in platelet count and altered platelet indices may have diagnostic as well as prognostic value in pre-eclampsia. AIM: To evaluate platelet count and platelet indices between pre-eclamptic and normotensive women and to assess their association with severity of pre-eclampsia.
METHODS: Platelet counts and indices were estimated in 30 normotensive and 30 PE women at 20-24 weeks pregnancy and were repeated after every 4 weeks.
RESULTS: Mean platelet counts, platelet volume, platelet distribution width, and platelet large cell ratio between pre-eclampsia and normotensive women were significantly altered in PE women and were associated with severity of PE. This alteration of platelet count and indices occurred even before the rise of BP.
CONCLUSION: All the platelet indices were found to be reliable markers of PE and were found to be increased much earlier than BP. MPV had the maximum sensitivity (96.7%) and specificity (93.3%) and was the most reliable biomarker.
Cation partitioning among crystallographic sites based on bond-length constraints in tourmaline-supergroup minerals
Authors: Bačík Peter , Fridrichová Jana 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Theoretical bond-length calculations from ideal bond valences for each ion and coordination allow for the prediction of ion site preference and partitioning in tourmaline structures at low-pressure conditions. A comparison of calculated data with published bond-length values enables the determination of the range of structurally stable bond lengths with a minimal induced distortion—the “Goldilocks zone.” The calculations provided the following conclusions: the B-site occupancy is strictly limited to B3+; the T site can freely accommodate not only Si4+ but also B3+ and Al3+, although these substituents require shrinkage and expansion of the TO4 tetrahedron, respectively; and the Be2+ substitution results in a significant difference in charge. Satisfactory bond lengths for octahedral sites were calculated for Al3+ (Z-site preference), Ti4+, Mn3+, Ga3+, V3+, Fe3+ (mixed preference), Mg2+, Fe2+, Li+, Mn2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Sc3+, and Zr4+ (Y-site preference). Another group of cations, which includes U4+, Th4+, Y3+, and lanthanoids from Tb to Lu and Ce4+, have significantly longer bonds than typical Y-O and very short bonds for the X site; therefore, it is likely they would prefer an octahedron. The empirical bond length for the X site is met with Na+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Pb2+, and lanthanoids from La to Gd, while K, Rb, and Cs are too large in the low-pressure conditions. However, the final tourmaline composition results from the interaction of the structure with the genetic environment in terms of P-T-X and geochemical conditions. This results in structural and environmental constraints that limit the incorporation of elements into the structure. Consequently, major elements, such as Si, Al, B, Mg, Fe, Na, and Ca usually occur in abundance, whereas other elements (V, Cr, Mn, Ti, Pb) could form end-member compositions, but rarely do because of their low abundance in the environment. The elements with contents limited to trace amounts have either structural (Be, C, REE, Rb, Cs, U, Th) or geochemical (Zr4+, Sc3+, and Sr2+) limits. However, environmental properties, such as high pressure or specific local structural arrangements, can overcome structural constraints and enable the incorporation of elements (K).
Urinary Soluble CD163 and Disease Activity in Biopsy-Proven ANCA-Associated Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Aendekerk Joop P. , Timmermans Sjoerd A.M.E.G. , Busch Matthias H. , Potjewijd Judith , Heeringa Peter , Damoiseaux Jan G.M.C. , Reutelingsperger Chris P. , van Paassen Pieter ,   for the Limburg Renal Registry
Published: November 2020

Background and objectives
ANCA-associated GN is a common cause of rapidly progressive GN, with high relapse rates. The early recognition of an ANCA-associated GN relapse is of importance to prevent loss of kidney function. Urinary soluble CD163 has been identified as a promising marker of active ANCA-associated GN. Previous studies, however, are limited by the lack of histologic data.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We analyzed urinary soluble CD163 in 95 patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis who underwent a kidney biopsy. In total, 125 kidney tissue sections (first kidney biopsy, n=67; repeated biopsy, n=58) with concurrent 24-hour urine samples were studied. Correlation analyses comparing urinary soluble CD163 levels and morphologic features of ANCA-associated GN were performed using Spearman rank correlation analysis. The diagnostic performance of biomarkers to detect relapsing ANCA-associated GN was evaluated using receiver operating characteristics curve analysis.

Results
High levels of urinary soluble CD163 were found in 96 (87%) of 110 biopsies with active ANCA-associated GN compared with one (7%) of 15 biopsies without active ANCA-associated GN and one (6%) of 17 healthy controls. Urinary soluble CD163 correlated with fibrinoid necrosis (Rho=0.48, P<0.001) and cellular crescents (Rho=0.70, P<0.001) on kidney biopsy. In repeated biopsies, urinary soluble CD163’s sensitivity of 0.94 and specificity of 0.91 for the recognition of relapsing ANCA-associated GN appeared better than routine clinical measures. The presence of CD163+ cells in affected glomeruli confirmed urinary soluble CD163’s origin.

Conclusions
Urinary soluble CD163 is associated with active ANCA-associated GN and correlates with histologic features as seen in ANCA-associated GN.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2020_11_17_CJN07210520_final.mp3
Manejo endovascular de la estenosis de la arteria renal en el trasplante renal
Authors: LORES MARIA PEAIRE , QUETGLAS JOSE LUIS BAUZA , MORENO ANA MARTINEZ , MARI VICENTE RIERA , VIDAÑA VALENTÍ TUBAU , GARCIA JORDI GUIMERÀ , ANTOÑANA LAURA AIZPIRI , SUREDA LUIS LADARIA , AYUNI CARLOS ALIAGA , TORÀ IRIS COELLO , AYALA ENRIQUE PIERAS 
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN: La estenosis de la arteria renal es la complicación vascular más frecuente del trasplante renal y una de las principales causas de pérdida del injerto y muerte prematura en los pacientes trasplantados. A pesar de ser potencialmente tratable, es frecuentemente infradiagnosticada, por lo que su diagnóstico precoz y manejo terapéutico adecuado resulta fundamental para evitar la pérdida de función renal.

MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Analizamos retrospectivamente el caso de dos pacientes de 72 años trasplantados en nuestro centro en 2017. Ambos pacientes, con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial, cardiopatía isquémica crónica y enfermedad renal crónica terminal secundaria a nefroangioesclerosis y glomerulonefritis membranosa, respectivamente; presentaron un empeoramiento de la creatinina en el postoperatorio inmediato del trasplante renal. Ante este hallazgo y la evidencia de velocidades pico sistólicas >200 cm/s en la ecografía-doppler se sospechó una estenosis de la arteria del injerto, posteriormente confirmada con angiografía y angio-TC, respectivamente. Por lo que se realizó una revascularización percutánea e implante de stent.

RESULTADOS: Se realizó la angioplastia con balón y colocación de stent, bajo anestesia local, obteniendo un buen resultado morfológico, sin complicaciones inmediatas. Tras el procedimiento ambos pacientes presentaron una mejoría progresiva de la función renal manteniendo un buen ritmo de diuresis, siendo dados de alta a los 8 y 11 días del mismo. Desde entonces, la función renal de ambos pacientes se ha mantenido estable presentando a los 12 meses un filtrado glomerular alrededor de 67 mL/min/1.73m2 y 60 mL/min/1.73m2, respectivamente. Sin evidencia de complicaciones tras 14 meses del procedimiento.

CONCLUSIONES: La angioplastia con balón y colocación de stent en la estenosis de la arteria renal en el trasplante es una técnica segura y efectiva. Sin embargo, es necesaria una elevada experiencia para disminuir el número de complicaciones y optimizar los resultados de esta técnica.

Palabras clave: trasplante renal, estenosis arterial, manejo mínimamente invasivo, cirugía endovascular.
IMPROVING ENGLISH PRESENT TENSES COMPREHENSION BY USING ENGLISH-DUBBED ANIME YU-GI-OH ARC-V
Authors: Aswir  , Sabiq Afif 
Published: November 2020

The research aims to analyze the improvement of English Present Tense comprehension through visual material such as Japanese Animation Dubbing Series (JADS) or English-dubbed animation. Another purpose of this research is to help teacher on designing creative and fun technique for learning English Grammar. The research was conducted in SMAN 6 Tangsel and 30 students of both control and experimental classes were selected as sample of research. The researcher used purposive sampling technique and conducted both pre-test and post-test to gather the research data. While the control class used conventional technique on learning English Present Tense, the experimental class was using JADS on learning the Tenses. The research lasted for three weeks and researcher used compare the results of pre-test and post-test through SPSS 22. After analyzing the data through statistic method Paired-samples T-test, the t-value of experimental class is 9.180 and the value also becomes positive due to statistic formula. Then, the df is still 29 so t-value of df is 2.462. As the t-value of experimental class is higher than t-value of df (9.180>2.462). Because of the results of these T-values through Paired-samples T-test, researcher concludes that using visual material such as JADS for students in the classroom is effective to improve their comprehension for present tenses.
Gambaran Pasien Keganasan Kepala dan Leher di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong Tahun 2015-2019
Authors: Kadarullah Oke , Syafiie Sri Hidayah Nurlela 
Published: November 2020

Kanker kepala dan leher adalah masalah kesehatan dengan tingkat morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Kasus katastropik ini terus meningkat dengan berbagai latar belakang. Umumnya pasien datang dengan stadium lanjut yang berdampak pada penurunan kualitas hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menggambarkan kasus keganasan kepala dan leher di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong. Menggunakan metode cross-sectional deskriptif dari rekam medis pasien kanker kepala dan leher di Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong, dari tahun 2015 hingga 2019 dengan mrtode total sampling. Didapatkan 163 pasien dalam penelitian ini, dimana wanita sebanyak 89 dan laki-laki 74. Dengan rentang usia pasien terbanyak pada 18-65 tahun sebanyak 101 orang. Diperoleh keganasan nasofaring (22,69%), kelenjar tiroid (21,47%), tumor skunder kepala dan leher (14,11%), limfoma maligna (13,49%), bibir dan rongga mulut (7,97%), kulit kepala leher (7,36%), rongga hidung dan sinus paranasal (6,74%), kelenjar saliva mayor (3,06%), jaringan ikat kepala leher (1,84%), serta orofaring-hipofaring (1,22%). Temuan histopatologis utama adalah karsinoma tidak berdiferensiasi (29,81%) dan karsinoma sel skuamosa (18%). Disimpulkan karsinoma nasofaring merupakan kasus yang paling dominan dengan gambaran histopatologi utama adalah karsinoma tidak berdiferensiasi, sementara secara demografik sebagian besar pasien berada di usia pemuda, dominan perempuan. Maka dengan bertambahnya insidensi serta variasi keganasan kepala dan leher kerjasama penatalaksanaan antar teman sejawat terkait menjadi penting. Kata kunci: Kanker kepala dan leher, karsinoma nasofaring, karsinoma tidak berdiferensiasi
LETHAL CONCENTRATION 50% OF PATCHOULI OIL (Pogostemon cablin) TOWARDS ZEBRAFISH EMBRYO (Danio rerio)
Authors: Wijaya Romel Ciptoadi 
Published: November 2020

Preface :Patchouli Oil requires toxicity testing for safety before we can use it widely. It causes side effects such as nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite in some people. Determination of lethal concentration 50% (LC50) in the early stages of zebrafish embryos development will provide an easier, faster and precise prediction of toxicity. At a certain dose, it can cause impairment and death toward organisms. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine LC50 of Patchouli Oil in carboximethyl cellulose emulsifier towards zebrafish embryo (Danio rerio).Method :Laboratory experimental study was using zebrafish embryos at 2 hours post fertilization. The total of 160 embryos were used and divided into 8 groups, i.e.; Negative control (KN) was given the embryonic fluid, positive control 1 was given 5000 ppm of patchouli oil (KP1), positive control was given 5000 ppm of CMC (KP2), and 5 treatment groups, i.e.; concentration of 10 ppm (P1), 30 ppm (P2), 60 ppm (P3), 90 ppm (P4) and 120 ppm (P5) of Patchouli oil which was emulsified in CMC. The study was conducted with 3 times repetition. Data collection was done by calculating total of embryo’s deaths for each treatment at 24-72 hours of exposure. Data were analyzed using Regression Probit Analysis.Results :Mortality in the group of KN was 1.6%, KP1 was 98.3% and KP2 was 0%. Meanwhile in the treatment group of P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 respectively were 0%, 5%, 10%, 25%, and 50%.Conclusion :Based on these results, Lethal Concentration 50% of Patchouli Oil in CMC emulsifier towards zebrafish embryo is 120 ppm.
Fatores contribuintes para estresse na urgência e emergência em tempos de pandemia do COVID-19: o enfermeiro em foco
Authors: Medeiros Neto Henrique de Souza , Souto Antônia Mariana De Lima , Benchimol Beatriz Duarte , Lopes Graciana de Sousa , Souza Ingrid de Medeiros , Farias Jhully do Socorro Reis , Lino Priscilla Caroline de Souza Saraiva 
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: apresentar os principais efeitos psicológicos do COVID-19 nos profissionais de enfermagem, evidenciando os principais fatores de ocasionar o estresse psicológico. Método: Esse trabalho trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com abordagem qualitativa, elaborado a partir de levantamento bibliográfico, utilizando livros e artigos científicos. Foram acessadas as seguintes bases de dados: SCIELO, LILACS, MEDLINE, e BVS. Resultados:. os enfermeiros mesmo que na sua atuação linha de frente ao combate à doença, por diversas vezes sofrem com a falta de colaboradores capacitados, a marca de lesão com uso de todos os EPI’s, aliado a elevadas horas laboral, assim como a falta de equipamentos de proteção individual e inexistência de informações como utiliza-las e falta de funcionários para auxiliar os pacientes com Conclusão: Portanto, com o contato próximo com pacientes com COVID-19 nas instituições hospitalares, e a exibição dos sofrimentos psicológicos e físicos dos pacientes, existe uma condição de que o enfermeiros que estão no contato diário estão mais predispostos a sofrer estresse devido aos problemas psicológicos da doença, necessitando assim de uma intervenção de uma equipe multidisciplinar, para que o mesmo não seja afastado de suas atividades.