bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and histopathological impact of biofilm in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Palanisamy Karthikeyan , Vaid Lakshmi , Gupta Neelima , Saha Rumpa , Singh Usha Rani 
Published: December 2020

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Presence of biofilms in sinus mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains controversial. Literature shows that biofilms may contribute to the recalcitrant nature of CRS and unfavourable outcome following surgery. This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of biofilm and its clinical and histopathological impact in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP)</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 41 patients of CRSwNP (study group) were included. SNOT-20(sinonasal outcome test-20) score, radiological and endoscopic findings of these patients were evaluated preoperatively. Sinonasal polypoidal tissues removed during surgery were studied for the presence of biofilm and evaluated histopathologically. Postoperatively SNOT-20 score and endoscopic finding were recorded. 41 patients undergoing septoplasty for deviated nasal septum (control group) were also included in the study. Sinonasal mucosal samples of these patients were analysed for the presence of biofilm. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 29 out of 41 (70.73%) samples in study group and 9 out of 41 (21.9%) samples in control group were positive for biofilm. We found a significant impact in preoperative SNOT-20 symptom scores in biofilm positive study group. But there is no significant impact in preoprerative endoscopic scores, radiological scores and postoperative SNOT-20 scores and endoscopic scores in study group patients irrespective of biofilm status.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Prevalence of biofilm in patients with CRSwNP was higher than normal population. Biofilms plays a major role in preoperative symptomatology. But biofilms have no endoscopic, radiological, and histopathological impact in CRSwNP. It was concluded that apart from biofilms, host and other environmental factors plays a major role in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP.</p>
Unusual foreign bodies in nose and throat
Authors: Mantri Gaveshani , Patsani Monalisa , U. Jayakrishnan Menon , Behera Subrat Kumar 
Published: December 2020

<p>Ear, nose and throat practice presents the surgeons with an amazing variety of foreign bodies to deal with, some of them are truly unusual.They may be inert, hygrophilic or corrosive. Foreign body impaction in ear,nose and throat is among the medical-surgical emergencies of otorhinolaryngological practice. Some foreign bodies have been well documented among the objects that normally get impacted in ear,nose and throat.</p><p>Here we present two unusual cases that happened to be managed in our institution. First case was of a patient who came with an unusual foreign body lodged in the nose and nasopharynx and the second case was of a migrating foreign body in throat. The main aim and objective of these case reports is to highlight on unusual foreign bodies and their management .These foreign bodies were never found to have been reported previously in our review of literature.</p>
The non-invasive assessment of the sphenoid sinus: a review
Authors: Munjal Manish , Sethi Suneet , Vohra Hitant , Munjal Shubham , Prabhakar Anu , Garg Seema , Pooni Navreen , Gill Angad Singh , Dhillon Karan 
Published: December 2020

<p class="abstract">The sphenoid sinus with its peculiar mucociliary drainage effected by pathology at the spheno-ethmoidal recess necessitates an intervention, medical or surgical. Role of basic imaging in pre-treatment evaluation is elaborated upon. </p>
Stress-induced cardiovascular responses to cold pressortest in healthy young subjects
Authors: Nikolov Valeri , Petkova Miroslava , Nikolov Emil 
Published: December 2020

Hypertension is one of the leading diseases of the cardiovascular system. It is manifested by changes in arterial stiffness. Cardiovascular reactivity, especially blood pressure (BP), changes during the cold pressor test (CPT) depending on various factors. Undoubtedly, stress is one of the most important factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the various effects of CPT on cardiovascular responses in healthy young subjects. A total of 56 healthy individuals aged between 21 and 26 years were investigated. The cardiovascular responses (BP, heart rate and aortic pulse wave velocity) to CPT were recorded by using the applanation tonometry. The Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory were used. 32.14% (n = 18) of the individuals who showed differences in systolic BP more than 22 mm Hg and differences in diastolic BP more than 18 mm Hg after the CPT were defined as hyperreactors. Hyperreactors showed a significantly higher increase in sleep disturbances (p > 0.01) and anxiety when compared to normoreactors. The CPT used to diagnose cardiovascular reactivity in young individuals and the assessment of perceived stress can help identify candidates who are at risk of hypertonic disease in the future.

Keywords: Cold pressor test, cardiovascular reactivity, applanation tonometry, blood pressure, stress.
Optometric Analysis of Color Space and Contrast of Electronic Message Signs
Authors: Rosli Saiful Azlan , Md-Adnan Nur-Athirah , Hoe Cosette-Yoon-Wey , Chen Ai-Hong 
Published: December 2020

This study aimed to perform optometric analysis of the color space and contrast of electronic message. Four electronic messages with different color spaces and contrast were constructed. Color space was measured by “RGB Sliders” from the menu “Transparency” in the Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2011. The luminance was measured by the luminance meter. The reading speed was recorded as words per minute. Reading speed varies significantly in four different electronic messages with different color space and contrast ratio. The mean reading speed increased significantly from L4 to L3. The highest reading speed was found at the intermediate color space.
Keywords: Legibility; color space; luminance; contrast.
eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i15.2494.
Iimitation of Personal and Professional Responsibility under the Terms of the Directives
Authors: Kamneva Elena V. , Prjazhnikov Nikolai S. , Babanova Elizaveta V. , Buyanova Svetlana M. 
Published: December 2020

Responsibility is understood as altruistic activity based on awareness of the consequences of one's
activities. The article justifies the forced need to imitate responsibility, when an employee is required to
have activities contrary to his professional conscience and common sense. Contradictions related to different understandings of “good” work (honest, high-quality, socially oriented) by different subjects of labor relations, including the employee and the bearers of policy prescriptions (leadership, colleagues, members of the public etc.) are analyzed. It proposes a model of predicting possible imitations of personal and professional responsibility, based on the reflection of these contradictions. In the case of creative work (science, education, culture etc.), under strong bureaucratic pressure of various policy prescriptions, the ideas of the development of “parallel” science are proposed, when, on the one hand, it is necessary to imitate a certain activity (ostentatious “workholism”), and on the other hand, to find opportunities for real creativity.
Training EFL teachers online: how to improve results among adult learners (based on the experiment in Skyeng School)
Authors: Berezin N. S. 
Published: December 2020

The paper considers the organizational aspect of EFL teachers’ professional development with a view to improving the educational results of their students. The author suggests a way of determination of the necessity for professional development, a way to organize the process of professional development and the means of measuring the effectiveness of this process. The fundamental didactic principle of the proposed approach is the timely on-the-job professional teacher`s development. At the beginning of the paper, the author discusses the changes that came along with the development of the EdTech market, online tools in education, opening up both new requirements and new opportunities to solve the problems of all participants of the educational process. Among the burning problems of the participants of the educational process are the following ones: the individual educational request of the student, the requirements of companies for the competencies of employees and candidates in the market, the influence on the student's result by the teacher’s training, the automation of teaching aids and tools for their analysis. One of the main demands of our time is, surely, the development of separate competencies, such as: social, emotional and digital activities of a person, the ability to be flexible in relation to circumstances, the ability to learn and relearn. The ecosystem solution of the listed problems is considered by the author as the most effective way, which is designed not to separate, but to unite the efforts that coordinate the goals of each of the participants and satisfy their needs. It is proposed to influence the student's result, formulated by themselves in accordance with the market or individual educational needs, by providing teachers with timely training and support for conducting a good first and subsequent lessons. As the evidence of the effectiveness of the considered approach, the main part of the article views the experiment of the training center team responsible for the training of 10,000+ English teachers at the Skyeng online school. This part provides an exhaustive description of the project, the proposed tools, training formats and metrics to calculate the effectiveness of the experiment; for the purpose of clarity, charts and other visual decryptions are added. The paper ends with a glossary, which will be useful to all experts experimenting in education, but especially for teachers, methodologists and managers of educational programs.
FORMULASI KEBIJAKAN PEMBENTUKAN KURIKULUM MUATAN LOKAL BUDIDAYA DAN AGRIBISNIS JAGUNG
Authors: Nugroho Lucky Dafira , Pawestri Aprilina , Wardhani Indah Setyo 
Published: December 2020

This article addressed the question, from a juridical empirical approach) to what extent the making and implementation of a new curriculum at formal educational institution at Madura containing lesson for the preservation and development of local corn cultivation and agriculture may have positive impact on the enhancement of the local economy. Field study is conducted at the Sumenep district. The main finding is that the regional autonomy policy opens up the possibility for regional/local government to make and implement educational policy introducing a new curriculum containing lesson in local corn cultivation and corn agribusiness. This new curriculum may be implemented at the basic school up to the intermediate level with the purpose of strengthening local culture, i.e., traditional corn cultivation. With that in mind a regional regulation should be issued providing the legal basis for the above policy.
PROSPEK PERSEROAN PEMEGANG SAHAM TUNGGAL TANPA PERKECUALIAN UNTUK KEMUDAHAN BISNIS
Authors: Efendi A'an 
Published: December 2020

As a general rule, economic enterprises or companies should be established based on the principle of capital association and agreement. In contrast, Law No. 40 of 2007 re. Limited Liability Companies, provide exemptions to both principles. On the basis of this observation the issue discussed in this articles are: (1) why is the exemption provided only for certain forms of economic enterprises or companies; (2) is this exemption to the rule justified, perceived from the principle of equality; and (3) what are the justification for allowing the establishment of a limited liability company with a single investor (sole ownership). Using a juridical doctrinal approach the answer to the above questions are: (1) exemption are granted for state owned companies, established and regulated under public law; (2) the exemption is unjust as it discriminates and allowed for discriminative treatment; and (3) the practice of establishing a limited liability company by a single shareholder is a long standing practice.
Impact of Pakistan Bait-Ul-Mal on the Satisfaction Level of the Beneficiaries
Authors: Najma Sadiq  , Ume Laila  , Tahir Mehmood  , Tooba Rehan Haqqi  
Published: December 2020

This research is an impact-based study. It explores the factors that impact the satisfaction level of the beneficiaries who are receiving funds and are acquiring the different programs and services of Pakistan Baitul Mal, a public treasury. The focus of the study is to analyze the working of the organization through the services they are providing and to evaluate the impact it is creating on the satisfaction of the people in need. This study relies on the primary and secondary data both. The results revealed that a vast majority of people were satisfied by the services being provided by beneficiaries and most of them agrees that these services have positively impacted on their satisfaction level. Briefly, this study has also provided some recommendations through which the scope and working of organization can be enhanced.
EFEKTIVITAS INSTAGRAM SEBAGAI MEDIA PROMOSI DESA WISATA MALASARI, KECAMATAN NANGGUNG, KABUPATEN BOGOR The Effectiveness of Instagram as a Promotion Media of Malasari Tourism Village, Nanggung, Bogor District
Authors: Ardianti Fitri 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTAccording to UU No. 10 2009, a tourist village is a tourist destination which integrates attractions, tourism facilities, accessibility, that are presented in a community-based living structures along with applicable procedures and traditions. To development a tourist village, it requires promotion activities to introduce products / services to consumers widely, one of which is using the social media, Instagram. The objectives of this research is to describe the effectiveness of Instagram as a promotional medium for the Malasari Tourism Village, to analyze the relationship between individual characteristics along the media exposure and the effectiveness of Instagram, as well as to analyze the effectiveness of Instagram actions after visiting Malasari Tourism Village. Quantitative data is processed using a correlation test with the selection of 52 respondents using Slovin techniques. The result of this research is that there is a relationship between individual characteristics of age along with Instagram media exposure with the effectiveness of Instagram as a Promotional tool, and there is a relationship of (attraction, comprehension) with returning to visit, and last there is a relationship between (attraction, comprehension, self-involvementac, and persuasion) with giving recommendations to others. Keywords: tourist village, institution effectiveness, after-visit action ABSTRAKMenurut UU No. 10 Tahun 2009 desa wisata merupakan suatu daerah tujuan wisata yang mengintegrasikan daya tarik wisata, fasilitas pariwisata, aksesibilitas, yang disajikan dalam suatu struktur kehidupan masyarakat yang menyatu dengan tata cara dan tradisi yang berlaku. Pengembangan desa wisata, perlu dilakukan kegiatan promosi untuk memperkenalkan produk/jasa kepada konsumen secara luas, salah satunya menggunakan media sosial instagram. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah, mendeskripsikan efektivitas instagram sebagai media promosi Desa Wisata Malasari, menganalisis hubungan karakteristik pengunjung dan keterdedahan media dengan efektivitas instagram, serta menganalisis hubungan efektivitas instagram tindakan setelah berkunjung pengunjung ke Desa Wisata Malasari.. Data kuantitatif diolah menggunakan uji hubungan dengan pemilihan 52 responden yang menggunakan teknik Slovin. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah, terdapat hubungan antara karakteristik individu pada indikator usia dan keterdedahan media instagram dengan efektivitas instagram dan terdapat hubungan antara (daya tarik, pemahaman) dengan minat berkunjung kembali, serta terdapat hubungan antara (daya tarik, pemahaman, keterlibatan diri, dan persuasi) dengan rekomendasi kepada orang lain. Kata kunci: desa wisata, efektivitas instgram, tindakan setelah berkunjung
KAPASITAS ADAPTIF KOMUNITAS NELAYAN DALAM MENGHADAPI KERUSAKAN EKOSISTEM LAUT
Authors: Hutagaol Eryanti Sihol Marito 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACTDisasters are potentially traumatic that are collectively experienced. Marine ecosystem damage causes the productivity of fishermen to be disturbed so that the welfare of fishermen decreases. The purpose of this study are to analyze the adaptive capacity and collective action through fishing community resilience towards marine ecosystem damage. The approach used in this study is quantitative approach supported by qualitative data with an online survey method. Data collection was done online due to the corona virus pandemic. The respondents were selected by accidental sampling with 30 respondents. The results of the study show that community adaptive capacity is high towards marine ecosystem damage in the form of collective action. There are still some community members who do not understand the purpose of carrying out activities, but they have already participated so that they are resilient in the form of increasing welfare, closeness of community relation and supporting facilities for fishermen productivity. Keywords: adaptive capacity, collective action, community resilience ABSTRAKBencana merupakan peristiwa yang berpotensi traumatis yang secara kolektif dialami. Kerusakan ekosistem laut menyebabkan produktivitas nelayan terganggu sehingga kesejahteraan nelayan ikan menurun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kapasitas adaptif dan aksi kolektif dalam resiliensi komunitas nelayan menghadapi kerusakan ekosistem laut. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif didukung data kualitatif dengan metode survei secara online. Pemilihan responden dilakukan secara accidental sampling dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 30 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas adaptif komunitas nelayan tinggi dalam menghadapi kerusakan ekosistem laut dengan melakukan perubahan dalam bentuk aksi kolektif. Masih ada sebagian anggota komunitas yang kurang memahami tujuan pelaksanaan kegiatan namun mereka sudah berpatisipasi sehingga resilien dalam bentuk peningkatan kesejahteraan, keeratan hubungan dalam komunitas dan perbaikan sarana penunjang produktivitas nelayan. Kata kunci: aksi kolektif, kapasitas adaptif, resiliensi komunitas
Bilt-in turbulence modelling solution method
Authors: Melamed L. E. 
Published: December 2020

THE PURPOSE. The aim of the work is to find a method for mathematical modeling and analysis of inhomogeneous physical fields and the influence of internal structures on these fields. Solutions are sought in areas in which there are subdomains with already known behavior (“embedded” areas and embedded solutions). The goal is to find a modeling method that does not require a change in existing software and is associated only with the modification of the right-hand sides of the equations under consideration. METHODS. The proposed method of mathematical modeling is characterized by the use of characteristic functions for specifying the geometric location and shape of embedded areas, for specifying systems of embedded areas (for example, spherical fillings or turbulent vortices) without specifying them as geometric objects, for modifying the calculated differential equation within the embedded areas. RESULTS. A theorem is formulated and proved (in the form of a statement) that formalizes the essence of the proposed method and gives an algorithm for its application. This algorithm consists in a) representation of the differential equation of the problem in another analytical form; in this form, a term is added to the original differential equation (to its right-hand side), in the presence of which this equation gives a predetermined ("built-in") solution in the necessary regions and b) a representation of the desired solution (using the characteristic function) in the form in which this solution takes the form of either the desired function (in the main area) or the specified functions (in the embedded areas). Examples of calculations from two physical and technical areas - thermal conductivity and hydrodynamics are presented. The result of the work is also the calculation of a turbulent flow in a pipe, in which a system of ball vortices, the speed and direction of rotation of these vortices are specified. CONCLUSION. The proposed method makes it possible to simulate complex physical processes, including turbulence, has been tested, is quite simple and indispensable in cases where embedded structures can be specified only by software.
Analyzing the Role of Internal Control System in Maintaining Unqualified Opinion (WTP) in Local Government Financial Statements: Case Study in Jambi Province
Authors: Fathiyah Fathiyah , Putriana Marissa 
Published: December 2020

This study analyzes the role of Internal Control System (SPI) in maintaining unqualified opinions on the Jambi Provincial Government Financial Statements. A descriptive comparative method is used with a qualitative approach. The object of the study is the Internal Control System in the Jambi Provincial Government Financial Statements of 2016-2018. Data is analysed using the selection technique before drawing conclusions. The results show that the Internal Control System in Jambi Provincial Government Financial Statements is very weak. The system has not been effective in its implementation because there are still findings related to SPI by the Supreme Audit Agency (BPK) every year. Therefore, it is necessary to follow up on the recommendations of BPK to build a better SPI in the future. This should be based on the elements of the internal control system contained in Government Regulation Number 60 of 2008, including control environment and activities, risk assessment, information and communication, and monitoring.
Micrometer-scale WS2 atomic layers grown by alkali metal free gas-source chemical vapor deposition with H2S and WF6 precursors
Authors: Okada Mitsuhiro , Okada Naoya , Chang Wen-Hsin , Shimizu Tetsuo , Kubo Toshitaka , Ishihara Masatou , Irisawa Toshifumi 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Scalable chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of two-dimensional semiconducting materials such as MoS2 and WS2 is a key technology for the application of these materials in real devices. In this work, we demonstrate the growth behavior of WS2 crystals from gaseous precursors, i.e. H2S and WF6, under alkali-metal-free conditions. The WS2 crystal growth exhibits layer-by-layer growth, and its behaviors, such as nucleation and lateral growth, are a thermally activated process: the temperature-dependent grain size and density are well fitted by the Arrhenius equation. The obtained WS2 crystal shows quality comparable to that obtained from metal oxides: the WS2 film shows sharp photoluminescence with a peak width of 54 meV and n-type field-effect transistor operation. Optimizing the growth conditions enabled us to obtain WS2 crystals with a grain size of ∼1.5 μm, which is the largest size ever reported for a transition-metal dichalcogenide grown by gas-source CVD without an alkali-metal promotor.