bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silver nanoparticle probe for colorimetric detection of aminoglycoside antibiotics: picomolar‐level sensitivity toward streptomycin in water, serum, and milk samples
Authors: Ghodake Gajanan , Shinde Surendra , Saratale Rijuta Ganesh , Kadam Avinash , Saratale Ganesh Dattatraya , Syed Asad , Marraiki Najat , Elgorban Abdullah M. , Kim Dae‐Young 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe low cost of aminoglycoside (AMG) antibiotics facilitates their excessive use in animal husbandry and the agriculture sector. This scenario has led to the occurrence of residues in the food chain. After several years of AMG use in antibacterial therapy, resistance to streptomycin has begun to appear. Most of the detection methods developed for AMG antibiotics lacks specificity. A broad target specific nanoprobe would be ideal for detecting the entire class of AMGs. A rapid and sensitive method for the detection of AMGs is urgently needed.RESULTSGallic acid‐coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were demonstrated as a nanoprobe for the colorimetric detection of AMGs (yellow to orange / red). A linear dynamic range of 50–650 pmol L−1 was achieved readily by ratiometric spectrophotometry (A560/A400) with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 36 pmol L−1. The amine‐groups of the AMGs function as molecular linkers, so that electrostatic coupling interactions between neighboring particles drive the formation of AgNP aggregates. The assay can also be applied for the determination of streptomycin residues in serum and milk samples.CONCLUSIONThis study revealed the potential of an AgNP probe for the rapid and cost‐effective detection of low‐molecular‐weight target analytes, such as the AMGs. A ligand‐induced aggregation of AgNPs coated with gallic acid was reported to be a rapid and sensitive assay for AMGs. Analysis of streptomycin was demonstrated with excellent picomolar‐level sensitivity. Thus, the validated method can find practical applications in the ultrasensitive detection of AMGs in complex and diagnostic settings. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Addition of lipophilic grape seed proanthocyanidin effectively reduces acrylamide formation
Authors: Yu Shujuan , Chen Zhaojie , Meng Hecheng , Chen Mingshun 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn this article the relationship between lipophilic grape seed proanthocyanidin (LGSP) and acrylamide formation in potato‐based products was investigated. The acrylamide, reducing sugar, asparagine, and 3‐aminopropionamide contents were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (HPLC‐MS). Sensory evaluation was used to evaluate the quality of the products.RESULTSThe results showed that LGSP presented greater inhibition effect on the acrylamide formation than the commonly used commercial antioxidants. Furthermore, 81.5% and 84.7% of acrylamide was reduced in potato crisps and French fries after adding 0.1% and 0.05% LGSP (w/w) in palm oil, respectively. When the concentrations of LGSP were less than 0.1%, there was no significant difference between LGSP‐treated samples and control sample for sensory evaluation.CONCLUSIONThus, LGSP is effective in reducing the level of acrylamide and maintaining the reasonable sensory attributes of potato fried foods. The results indicate that LGSP may be used as a potential additive for reducing acrylamide formation in fried foods. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Structural and antioxidant analysis of Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tartaricum Gaertn.) 13S globulin
Authors: Zhou Yiming , Jiang Yue , Shi Ronghua , Chen Zhidong , Li Zongjie , Wei Yun , Zhou Xiaoli 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe main component of buckwheat seed storage proteins is 13S globulin. In this study, Tartary buckwheat 13S globulin was separated and its structural features were investigated using Edman sequencing and matrix‐assisted laser desorption / ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS). The protective effect of its enzymatic hydrolysates against oxidative stress induced by H2O2 was also evaluated to elucidate the antioxidant mechanism.RESULTSResults showed that the isolated Tartary buckwheat 13S globulin contained one acidic and one basic subunit, which were linked by a disulfide bond. Six Tartary buckwheat active peptides were obtained from the enzymatic hydrolysates of Tartary buckwheat 13S globulin acidic subunit with a molecular weight of 38 kDa, namely Pep‐1, Pep‐2, Pep‐3, Pep‐4, Pep‐5, and Pep‐6. Pre‐treatment of cells with Tartary buckwheat active peptides maintained the redox state balance of HepG2 cells and protected the activity of antioxidant enzymes in HepG2 cells. The Tartary buckwheat active peptides improved oxidative stress in HepG2 cells via the PPAR‐α/HO‐1 pathway.CONCLUSIONThese results provide an insight into the antioxidant mechanism of Tartary buckwheat 13S globulin and suggest that Tartary buckwheat active peptides can be used as a functional ingredient in the food industry. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors: Impact of tumor size and total number of lymph nodes examined
Authors: Zhang Xu‐Feng , Wu Xiao‐Ning , Tsilimigras Diamantis I. , Poultsides George , Rocha Flavio , Abbott Daniel E. , Fields Ryan , Idrees Kamran , Cho Cliff , Maithel Shishir K. , Pawlik Timothy M. ,   other members of the US Neuroendocrine Tumor Study Group
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundThe current study sought to investigate the impact of tumor size and total number of LN examined (TNLE) on the incidence of lymph node metastasis (LNM) among patients with duodenal neuroendocrine tumor (dNET).MethodsPatients who underwent curative resection for dNETs between 1997‐2016 were identified from 8 high‐volume US centers. Risk factors associated with overall survival and LNM were identified and the optimal cut‐off of TNLE relative to LNM was determined.ResultsAmong 162 patients who underwent resection of dNETs, median patient age was 59 (interquartile range [IQR], 51‐68) years and median tumor size was 1.2 cm (IQR, 0.7‐2.0 cm); a total of 101 (62.3%) patients underwent a concomitant LND at the time of surgery. Utilization of lymphadenectomy (LND) increased relative to tumor size (≤1 cm:52.2% vs 1‐2 cm:61.4% vs >2 cm:93.8%; P < .05). Similarly, the incidence of LNM increased with dNET size (≤1 cm: 40.0% vs 1‐2 cm:65.7% vs >2 cm:80.0%; P < .05). TNLE ≥ 8 had the highest discriminatory power relative to the incidence of LNM (area under the curve = 0.676). On multivariable analysis, while LNM was not associated with prognosis (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.9; 95% confidence intervals [95%CI], 0.4‐2.3), G2/G3 tumor grade was (HR = 1.5; 95%CI, 1.0‐2.1).ConclusionsWhile the incidence of LNM directly correlated with tumor size, patients with dNETs ≤ 1 cm had a 40% incidence of LNM. Regional lymphadenectomy of a least 8 LN was needed to stage patients accurately.
Systematic microbial production of optically active dissolved organic matter in subarctic lake water
Authors: Berggren Martin , Gudasz Cristian , Guillemette Francois , Hensgens Geert , Ye Linlin , Karlsson Jan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe ecology and biogeochemistry of lakes in the subarctic region are particularly sensitive to changes in the abundance and optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM). External input of colored DOM to these lakes is an extensively researched topic, but little is known about potential reciprocal feedbacks between the optical properties of DOM and internal microbial processes in the water. We performed 28‐day dark laboratory incubation trials on water from 101 subarctic tundra lakes in northern Sweden, measuring the microbial decay of DOM and the resulting dynamics in colored (CDOM) and fluorescent (FDOM) DOM components. While losses in dissolved oxygen during the incubations corresponded to a 20% decrease in mean DOM, conversely the mean CDOM and total FDOM increased by 22% and 30%, respectively. However, the patterns in microbial transformation of the DOM were not the same in all lakes. Notably, along the gradient of increasing ambient CDOM (water brownness), the lakes showed decreased microbial production of protein‐like fluorescence, lowered DOM turnover rates and decreasing bacterial growth per unit of DOM. These trends indicate that browning of subarctic lakes systematically change the way that bacteria interact with the ambient DOM pool. Our study underscores that there is no unidirectional causal link between microbial processes and DOM optical properties, but rather reciprocal dependence between the two.
The ethical underpinnings of nonmaterialistic values and voluntary simplicity behavior in the United States
Authors: Peifer Jared L. , Chugani Sunaina , Roos J. Micah 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMany scholars agree overconsumption is a serious ethical problem because of its adverse effects on the environment. This multimethod article uses two studies to explore the ethical underpinnings of two related consumer expressions of anticonsumption: nonmaterialism, which refers to not placing importance on material goods, and voluntary simplicity, which refers to reducing consumption behavior. Study 1 employs Structural Equation Models of secondary U.S. data and finds that nonmaterialism and voluntary simplicity have unique ethical underpinnings: Nonmaterialism is positively associated with an ethical ideology focused on universal rules and principles while voluntary simplicity is associated with an ethical ideology focused on the consequences of one's actions. Because engagement in voluntary simplicity can reduce overconsumption, Study 2 identifies which specific other‐oriented environmental concerns increase voluntary simplicity and for whom. An online experiment indicates that concerns about contributing to landfill waste and depleting natural resources induce voluntary simplicity for those who base their decisions on consequentialist ethical ideologies and concerns about contributing to climate change increases voluntary simplicity across consumers. These findings contribute to the discussion on anticonsumption by delineating key anticonsumption constructs, identifying messages to effectively reduce consumption behavior, and identifying consumers who are most likely to respond to such appeals.
The serine transporter SdaC prevents cell lysis upon glucose depletion in Escherichia coli
Authors: Kriner Michelle A. , Subramaniam Arvind R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe amino acid serine plays diverse metabolic roles, yet bacteria actively degrade exogenously provided serine via deamination to pyruvate. Serine deamination is thought to be a detoxification mechanism due to the ability of serine to inhibit several biosynthetic reactions, but this pathway remains highly active even in nutrient‐replete conditions. While investigating the physiological roles of serine deamination in different growth conditions, we discovered that Escherichia coli cells lacking the sdaCB operon, which encodes the serine transporter SdaC and the serine deaminase SdaB, lyse upon glucose depletion in a medium containing no exogenous serine but all other amino acids and nucleobases. Unexpectedly, this lysis phenotype can be recapitulated by deleting sdaC alone and can be rescued by heterologous expression of SdaC. Lysis of ΔsdaC cells can be prevented by omitting glycine from the medium, inhibiting the glycine cleavage system, or by increasing alanine availability. Together, our results reveal that the serine transporter SdaC plays a critical role in maintaining amino acid homeostasis during shifts in nutrient availability in E. coli.
A novel chaotic modulation approach of packaged antenna for secured wireless medical sensor network in E‐healthcare applications
Authors: Jayawickrama Chamindra , Kumar Sandeep , Chakrabartty Shubro , Song Hanjung 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThis article first time reports the chaotic modulation approach toward RF signal processing for secured wireless medical sensor network (WMSN) in E‐healthcare applications. A Lorenz based chaotic modulation approach is implemented which provides lowest bit error rate (BER). The definite analytical expressions for BER in a differential chaos‐shift keying (DCSK) modulation scheme is derived and it predicted good correlation between simulated and theoretical. It is observed that proposed Lorenz chaos‐based DCSK modulation scheme is a potential candidate to provide high security in the patient data for WMSN. An off‐body UWB slotted antenna is designed which could avoid limitation of short‐range distance like implanted ones. The entire work includes numerical, simulated and experimental data in three phases. In first phase, Lorenz chaotic oscillator with electronics compatibility is executed which acts as data acquisition unit and demonstrates two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional chaos attractors. While in the second phase, analysis of BER achieves value of less than 10−4 by providing pseudorandom bit sequence at 5 Gb/s. A chaos modulated envelope using Lorenz based DCSK modulation is obtained by delay element γ. Finally, the third phase is designed on‐wafer off‐body antenna and demonstrates 3.1 to 10.6 GHz UWB toward RF signal processing in E‐healthcare applications.
6 GHz electromagnetic wave guiding along a femtosecond laser plasma filament
Authors: Liu Yang , Chen Zongsheng , Cheng Li , Sun Ke , Shi Jiaming 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo study the electromagnetic (EM) wave guiding performance of the plasma filament generated by the intense femtosecond (fs) laser pulse, a 3D physical model of the wave‐plasma interaction is built and discussed with the commercial simulation software XFDTD. Then, an experiment is conducted to verify the EM wave guiding performance of the fs laser plasma filament. Our investigation illustrates that the 6 GHz EM wave can propagate along the fs plasma filament, making the EM field enhance out of the rectangular waveguide and attenuate in the rectangular waveguide. Besides, the filament can cause 4.74 dB enhancement of the wave energy relative to freely propagating the signal. Furthermore, the experimental result indicates that the guiding performance of the plasma filament on the TE polarization wave is better than that on the TM one, which is consistent with the theoretical result. For TE polarization wave, the plasma filament can reduce the microwave signal in the waveguide, which is lesser than that of the Cu wire in the experiment. The research results confirm that the fs laser plasma filament can guide the EM wave with a better performance relative to freely propagating the signal.
First experimental measurement of the effect of cardio‐synchronous brain motion on the dose distribution during microbeam radiation therapy
Authors: Duncan Mitchell , Donzelli Mattia , Pellicioli Paolo , Brauer‐Krisch Elke , Davis Jeremy A. , Lerch Michael L.F. , Rosenfeld Anatoly B. , Petasecca Marco 
Published: November 2019

PurposeMicrobeam radiation therapy (MRT) is an emerging radiation oncology modality ideal for treating inoperable brain tumors. MRT employs quasi‐parallel beams of low‐energy x rays produced from modern synchrotrons. A tungsten carbide multislit collimator (MSC) spatially fractionates the broad beam into rectangular beams. In this study, the MSC creates beams 50 μm wide (“peaks”) separated by a center‐to‐center distance of 400 μm (“valleys”). The peak to valley dose ratio (PVDR) is of critical importance to the efficacy of MRT. The underlying radiobiological advantage of MRT relies on high peak dose for tumor control and low valley dose for healthy tissue sparing.Cardio synchronous brain motion of the order 100–200 μm is comparable to microbeam width and spacing. The motion can have a detrimental effect on the PVDR, full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the microbeams, and ultimately the dose distribution. We present the first experimental measurement of the effect of brain motion on MRT dose distribution. Dosimetry in MRT is difficult due to the high dose rate (up to 15–20 kGy/s) and small field sizes.MethodsA real‐time dosimetry system based on a single silicon strip detector (SSSD) has been developed with spatial resolution ~10 μm. The SSSD was placed in a water‐equivalent phantom and scanned through the microbeam distribution. A monodirectional positioning stage reproduced brain motion during the acquisition. Microbeam profiles were reconstructed from the SSSD and compared with Geant4 simulation and radiochromic HD‐V2 film.ResultsThe SSSD is able to reconstruct dose profiles within 2 μm compared to film. When brain motion is applied the SSSD shows a two time increase in FWHM of profiles and 50% reduction in PVDR. This is confirmed by Geant4 and film data.ConclusionsMotion‐induced misalignment and distortion of microbeams at treatment delivery will result in a reduced PVDR and increased irradiation of additional healthy tissue compromising the radiobiological effectiveness of MRT. The SSSD was able to reconstruct dose profiles under motion conditions and predict similar effects on FWHM and PVDR as by the simulation. The SSSD is a simple to setup, real‐time detector which can provide time‐resolved high spatial resolution dosimetry of microbeams in MRT.
The effect of weak intermolecular interactions on the nuclear magnetic resonance shielding constant in N2
Authors: Hapka Michał , Jaszuński Michał 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAb initio calculations are applied to examine the influence of the intermolecular interactions on the shielding constant in gaseous nitrogen. An accurate literature potential energy surface and the nuclear magnetic resonance shielding surface of the N2–N2 complex calculated in this work provide results in satisfactory agreement with the available experimental estimates of the effect.
Effect of respiratory motion on free‐breathing 3D stack‐of‐radial liver relaxometry and improved quantification accuracy using self‐gating
Authors: Zhong Xiaodong , Armstrong Tess , Nickel Marcel D. , Kannengiesser Stephan A.R. , Pan Li , Dale Brian M. , Deshpande Vibhas , Kiefer Berthold , Wu Holden H. 
Published: November 2019

PurposeTo develop an accurate free‐breathing 3D liver mapping approach and to evaluate it in vivo.MethodsA free‐breathing multi‐echo stack‐of‐radial sequence was applied in 5 normal subjects and 6 patients at 3 Tesla. Respiratory motion compensation was implemented using the inherent self‐gating signal. A breath‐hold Cartesian acquisition was the reference standard. Proton density fat fraction and were measured and compared between radial and Cartesian methods using Bland‐Altman plots. The normal subject results were fitted to a linear mixed model (P < .05 considered significant).ResultsFree‐breathing stack‐of‐radial without self‐gating exhibited signal attenuation in echo images and artifactually elevated apparent values. In the Bland‐Altman plots of normal subjects, compared to breath‐hold Cartesian, free‐breathing stack‐of‐radial acquisitions of 22, 30, 36, and 44 slices, had mean differences of 27.4, 19.4, 10.9, and 14.7 s−1 with 800 radial views, and they had 18.4, 11.9, 9.7, and 27.7 s−1 with 404 views, which were reduced to 0.4, 0.9, −0.2, and −0.7 s−1 and to −1.7, −1.9, −2.1, and 0.5 s−1 with self‐gating, respectively. No substantial proton density fat fraction differences were found. The linear mixed model showed free‐breathing radial results without self‐gating were significantly biased by 17.2 s−1 averagely (P = .002), which was eliminated with self‐gating (P = .930). Proton density fat fraction results were not different (P > .234). For patients, Bland‐Altman plots exhibited mean differences of 14.4 and 0.1 s−1 for free‐breathing stack‐of‐radial without self‐gating and with self‐gating, respectively, but no substantial proton density fat fraction differences.ConclusionThe proposed self‐gating method corrects the respiratory motion bias and enables accurate free‐breathing stack‐of‐radial quantification of liver .
Optimization of time‐variable‐parameter model for data‐based soft sensor of industrial debutanizer
Authors: Parvizi Moghadam Roja , Sadeghi Jafar , Shahraki Farhad 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThe enhancement of modern process control methods has caused the popularity of soft sensors in online quality prediction. It is significant to consider the reduction of model complexity, the performance increment, and decrement of input variables in soft sensor design, simultaneously. The aim of this paper is designing and applying a new data‐based soft sensor with minimum input variables for the enhancement of product quality estimation. Time‐varying‐parameter model by employing the Kalman filter and fixed interval smoothing algorithms has been developed to determine the dynamic transfer function and parameters setting based on time. A novel hybrid method with a dynamic autoregressive exogenous variable model and genetic algorithm has been presented for both state identification and parameter prediction. The combinatorial optimization problem has constructed based on a selection of input variables and an evaluation of Akaike information criterion as a fitness function. An industrial debutanizer column has been used for soft sensor performance validation. The result has indicated that the final soft sensor model in comparison to other presented soft sensing methods for this case has less complexity, fewer input variables, more robust and higher predictive performance. Due to fewer input variables, rapid convergence, and low complexity of this model, it can be efficient in industrial processes control, time‐saving, and improvement of quality prediction.
The physics of ion migration in perovskite solar cells: Insights into hysteresis, device performance, and characterization
Authors: Lan Dongchen 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPerovskite solar cells promise to reach the highest efficiencies at the lowest costs, but the mobile ions create challenges in both cell measurements and performance improvement. Being able to understand the ion migration mechanism and its impacts would help to solve relevant issues and may open up opportunities for further development. Although some efforts have been made here, explanations are often too exotic resulting in not only some controversies but the neglect of some important aspects addressable by familiar concepts. This paper uses familiar knowledge in solar cell device physics to explain the ion migration mechanism and its impacts under conditions of interests. It is shown that, when depletion layers contract such as in a forward current‐voltage scan, tardy ionic charges can distort the perovskite bands hence reduce the net currents before they move to new equilibriums, causing the hysteresis effect. As ion migration impacts the electron and hole distributions, it can affect the Shockley‐Read‐Hall and Auger processes differently, hence may either reduce or increase the ratio of radiative to nonradiative recombination. This previously unaddressed mechanism for variation in the electron‐hole recombination can explain photoluminescence quenching and enhancement as well as performance degradation and improvement during ion migration.