bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beta amyloid aggregates induce sensitised TLR4 signalling causing long-term potentiation deficit and rat neuronal cell death
Authors: Hughes Craig , Choi Minee L. , Yi Jee-Hyun , Kim Seung-Chan , Drews Anna , George-Hyslop Peter St. , Bryant Clare , Gandhi Sonia , Cho Kwangwook , Klenerman David 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe molecular events causing memory loss and neuronal cell death in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) over time are still unknown. Here we found that picomolar concentrations of soluble oligomers of synthetic beta amyloid (Aβ42) aggregates incubated with BV2 cells or rat astrocytes caused a sensitised response of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) with time, leading to increased production of TNF-α. Aβ aggregates caused long term potentiation (LTP) deficit in hippocampal slices and predominantly neuronal cell death in co-cultures of astrocytes and neurons, which was blocked by TLR4 antagonists. Soluble Aβ aggregates cause LTP deficit and neuronal death via an autocrine/paracrine mechanism due to TLR4 signalling. These findings suggest that the TLR4-mediated inflammatory response may be a key pathophysiological process in AD.
The effect of wuling capsule on depression in Type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Wang Huanping , Chen Huizhen , Gao Yang , Wang Shengju , Wang Xian , Tang Xiaomei , Fang Wei , Shi Xiaoyan , Yao Jia , Chen Qiu 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objective: Depression is a common complication in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, it has long been underrecognized and undertreated. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of Wuling capsule, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on T2DM complicated with depression.
Method: 66 patients were enrolled and randomly divided into Wuling capsule treatment group and placebo group, and finally 64 cases finished the present study. The levels of FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc, TNF-α, IL-6, SOD, MDA, Cor, ACTH, HOMA-β, HOMA-IR and ISI of patients were evaluated and compared. The HAMD scale for patients were recorded.
Result: After 12-week treatment, the HAMD scale decreased in both groups, and was lower in Wuling capsule group. The level of FPG in Wuling capsule group was significantly lower than in placebo group; however, no obvious changes of 2hPG and HbA1c were found. The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased in both groups, and more obviously in Wuling capsule group. The level of SOD was increased while the level of MDA was decreased significantly in both groups, and the changes were more obviously in Wuling capsule group. The levels of Cor and ACTH were significantly decreased in both groups; however, there was no statistically significance between the two groups. Besides, the comparisons of HOMA-β, HOMA-IR and ISI between the two groups were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Our results suggested that Wuling capsule ameliorated the depression in patients with T2DM, and also improved the state of inflammation and oxidative stress state. These results also strongly indicated the ability of clinical transformation of Wuling capsule in patients with T2DM in the future.
Time series expression pattern of key genes reveals the molecular process of esophageal cancer
Authors: Wang Jiafu , Xie Xiang , Sun Yurong 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the most poorly diagnosed and fatal cancers in the world. Although a series of studies on esophageal cancer have been reported, the molecular pathogenesis of the disease is still elusive. Aim: To investigate the molecular process of esophageal cancer comprehensively and deeply. Methods: Differential expression analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different stages of esophageal cancer. Then exacting gene interaction modules and hub genes were identified in module interaction network. Further, though survival analysis, methylation analysis, pivot analysis, and enrichment analysis, some important molecules and related function or pathway were identified to elucidate potential mechanism in esophageal cancer. Results: A total of 7457 DEGs and 14 gene interaction modules were identified. These module genes were significantly involved in the positive regulation of protein transport, gastric acid secretion, insulin-like growth factor receptor binding and other biological processes (BPs), as well as p53 signaling pathway, ERBB signaling pathway and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. Then, transcription factors (TFs) (including HIF1A) and ncRNAs (including CRNDE and hsa-mir-330-3p) significantly regulate dysfunction modules were identified. Further, survival analysis showed that GNGT2 was closely related to survival of esophageal cancer. And DEGs with strong methylation regulation ability were identified, including SST and SH3GL2. Conclusion: These works not only help us to reveal the potential regulatory factors in the development of disease, but also deepen our understanding of its deterioration mechanism.
Evaluation of models for predicting the probability of malignancy in patients with pulmonary nodules
Authors: Li You , Hu Hui , Wu Ziwei , Yan Ge , Wu Tangwei , Liu Shuiyi , Chen Weiqun , Lu Zhongxin 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Objectives: The post-imaging, mathematical predictive model was established by combining demographic and imaging characteristics with a pulmonary nodule risk score. The prediction model provides directions for the treatment of pulmonary nodules. Many studies have established predictive models for pulmonary nodules in different populations. However, the predictive factors contained in each model were significantly different. We hypothesized that applying different models to local research groups will make a difference in predicting the benign and malignant lung nodules, distinguishing between early and late lung cancers, and between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. In the present study, we compared four widely used and well-known mathematical prediction models.
Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective study of 496 patients from January 2017 to October 2019, they were diagnosed with nodules by pathological. We evaluate models’ performance by viewing 425 malignant and 71 benign patients’ computed tomography results. At the same time, we use the calibration curve and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve whose abbreviation is AUC to assess one model’s predictive performance.
Results: We find that in distinguishing the Benign and the Malignancy, Peking University People’s Hospital model possessed excellent performance (AUC = 0.63), as well as differentiating between early and late lung cancers (AUC = 0.67) and identifying lung adenocarcinoma (AUC = 0.61). While in the identification of lung squamous cell carcinoma, the Veterans Affairs model performed the best (AUC = 0.69).
Conclusions: Geographic disparities are an extremely important influence factors, and which clinical features contained in the mathematical prediction model are the key to affect the precision and accuracy.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress occurs in association with the extrusion of toxic extracellular vesicles from human placentae treated with antiphospholipid antibodies
Authors: Tang Yunhui , Chen Yan , Nursalim Yohanes , Groom Katie , Hickey Anthony , Chamley Larry , Chen Qi 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Antiphospholipid autoantibodies (aPLs), a major maternal risk factor for preeclampsia, are taken into the syncytiotrophoblast where they bind intracellular vesicles and mitochondria. Subsequently, large quantities of extracellular vesicles (EVs) extruded from syncytiotrophoblast into the maternal circulation are altered such that they cause maternal endothelial cell activation. However, the mechanism driving this change is unknown. First trimester placental explants were treated with aPL for 18 h. The EVs were then collected by different centrifugation. The levels of HSP 70, misfolded proteins, caspase 8 activity, and Mixed Lineage Kinase domain-Like (MLKL) were measured in placental explants and EVs. In addition, the levels of TNF-α and CD95 in conditioned medium were also measured. Treating placental explants with aPL caused an increase in levels of HSP 70, misfolded proteins and MLKL in placental explants and EVs. Increased activity of caspase 8 was also seen in placental explants. Higher levels of TNF-α were seen conditioned medium from aPL-treated placental explant cultures. aPLs appear to induce endoplasmic reticulum stress in the syncytiotrophoblast in a manner that involved caspase 8 and TNF-α. To avoid accumulation of the associated misfolded proteins and MLKL, the syncytiotrophoblast exports these potentially dangerous proteins in EVs. It is likely that the dangerous proteins that are loaded into placental EVs in preeclampsia contribute to dysfunction of the maternal cells.
Die neue DGEM-Leitlinie – alles, was der Kliniker wissen muss
Authors: Elke Gunnar , Hartl Wolfgang H. 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährungsmedizin hat kürzlich in Kooperation mit 7 anderen nationalen Fachgesellschaften ihre Leitlinie zur klinischen Ernährung kritisch kranker Patienten aktualisiert. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen komprimierten Überblick für die klinische Praxis – mit dem Fokus auf der Ermittlung des Energieumsatzes, der Bestimmung der Kalorien- und Proteinzufuhr, der Auswahl des Applikationsweges und dem Umgang mit Mikronährstoffen.
Refresher: Körperliche Aktivität als Medikament
Authors: Löllgen Herbert 
Published: February 2020

SummaryRegelmäßige körperliche Aktivität wurde in zahlreichen prospektiven Kohortenstudien in den letzten Jahrzehnten untersucht. Übereinstimmend ergaben Studien an insgesamt über einer Million Probanden, dass durch körperliche Aktivität die Gesamtmorbidität und -mortalität im Vergleich zu körperlich Inaktiven um 30–40 % gesenkt werden können. Dies gilt auch für eine größere Zahl von Krankheiten. Neben Prävention und Rehabilitation wird körperliche Aktivität zunehmend als Therapie bei Krankheiten mit guten Erfolgen eingesetzt. Dies gilt für kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen, aber auch für andere wie Stoffwechsel-, neurologisch psychiatrische und viele andere Erkrankungen. Daraus entwickelte sich der Ansatz, körperliche Aktivität mit einem Rezept zu verordnen. Hierfür sind sportmedizinische Kenntnisse erforderlich. Der Einsatz dieses Rezepts wird auch in Deutschland nachdrücklich empfohlen sowohl unter klinischen als auch unter ambulanten Bedingungen.
Manfred Pflanz (1923–1980), Versorgungsforscher –
sein früher Beitrag zur Versorgungsepidemiologie der
Appendektomie
Authors: Robra Bernt-Peter 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag erinnert an ein frühes Beispiel der Versorgungsforschung und
medizinischen Qualitätssicherung in Deutschland. Anlass ist der 50.
Jahrestag der Gründung des Instituts für Sozialmedizin und
Epidemiologie der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover 1968. Der Institutsdirektor
Prof. Dr. med. Manfred Pflanz, Internist, ausgewiesen v. a. durch
psychosomatische und medizinsoziologische Themen, publizierte 1971 zusammen mit
der Doktorandin Sigrid Lichtner eine Arbeit zur Versorgungsepidemiologie der
Appendektomie [1]. Damals war die zertifizierte Mortalität an
Appendizitis in Deutschland 3-fach höher als im internationalen
Vergleich. Die regionale Analyse aller Appendektomien in Hannover trug weitere
„merkwürdige“ Befunde bei, darunter einen Wochengang,
der nicht zu einem akuten Notfallgeschehen passte, und deutliche soziale und
regionale Unterschiede der Eingriffshäufigkeit. Als wahrscheinlichsten
Grund für die hohe Appendizitissterblichkeit in Deutschland sahen
Lichtner und Pflanz die ebenfalls 3-fach höhere Operationsrate an. Damit
rüttelten sie an der Doktrin der frühen Operation bei
Appendizitisverdacht. Seither wandelt sich die Appendizitisversorgung,
Qualitätssicherung wurde entwickelt, Evidenzgrundlagen verbreitert, die
laparoskopische und die nicht-operative Behandlung in kontrollierten Studien
evaluiert. Die Appendizitis-Sterblichkeit hat mit einem beschleunigenden
Trendknick Anfang der 1970er Jahre kontinuierlich auf ein sehr geringes Niveau
abgenommen. Die Zahl der Appendektomien geht zurück. Das
Gesundheitswesen ist insoweit wirksamer und wirtschaftlicher geworden.
Penicillin-Allergie – tödliche „Fake News“ in der Krankenakte?
Authors: Schulz-Stübner Sebastian 
Published: February 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Prävalenz von Penicillin-Allergien in der Krankenakte wird in der Literatur mit 8 – 12% angegeben und stellt die häufigste berichtete „Allergie“ dar. Allerdings wurden nicht verifizierte „Penicillin-Allergien“ in den vergangenen Jahren als ein zunehmendes Public-Health-Problem mit in der Folge ansteigender Dauer der Hospitalisierung, höheren Wiederaufnahmeraten, häufigerem Behandlungsversagen und vermehrten Aufnahmen auf der Intensivstation erkannt.
Molecular Heterogeneity in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Civan Hasret A. , Seyhan Serhat 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate type, frequency, and variety of pathogenic variants according to clinical and demographic features of children diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF). Twenty-five CF patients were evaluated retrospectively. Patients' demographics, physical examination, imaging, laboratory, and molecular pathogenic variant analysis findings were evaluated. Phe508del was the most frequently (33.3%) detected pathogenic variant, followed by point pathogenic variants E92K, 1898 + lGA/7T/7T, and 2789 + 5GA, respectively. Statistically higher rates of pathogenic variants were detected in male patients. The most frequently detected pathogenic variant was Phe508del. The identification of nine additional pathogenic variants of Phe508del revealed the heterogeneous nature of the CF.
Forecasting index changes in the German DAX family
Authors: Franz Friedrich-Carl 
Published: February 2020

AbstractCombining market data with a publicly available monthly snapshot of Deutsche Börse’s index ranking list, I create a model that predicts index changes in the DAX, MDAX, SDAX, and TecDAX from 2010 to 2019 before they are officially announced. Even though I empirically show that index changes are predictable, they still earn sizeable post-announcement 1-day abnormal returns up to 1.42% and − 1.54% for promotions and demotions, respectively. While abnormal returns are larger in smaller stocks, I find no evidence that they are related to funding constraints or additional risk for trading on wrong predictions. A trading strategy that trades according to my model yields an annualized Sharpe ratio of 0.83 while being invested for just 4 days a year.
Fostering a healthy public for men and HIV: a case study of the Movement for Change and Social Justice (MCSJ)
Authors: Colvin Christopher J. , van Pinxteren Myrna , Majola Mandla , Leon Natalie , Swartz Alison , Mbokazi Nonzuzo , Lurie Mark 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThis paper examines the recently formed Movement for Change and Social Justice (MCSJ) in the township of Gugulethu, in Cape Town, South Africa. MCSJ is a health and social justice movement that has an unusual trajectory—guided by the political principles and strategies of South Africa AIDS activism, inspired but also frustrated by the contemporary progressive public health activism, and catalysed by a university research partnership at the University of Cape Town (UCT) that focused on innovative ways of using health information to spur community and health system action to respond to issues of men, masculinity and HIV.This paper synthesises findings from participant observation, qualitative process evaluations of MCSJ’s work, and reflections from the UCT-based research team to develop a number of lessons about the challenges and opportunities in efforts to foster a healthy public for men and HIV. MCSJ’s approach builds on current modes and models of public health thinking while also pushing for more responsive, more inclusive, more sustained, and more locally rooted forms of practice. The paper identifies a range of enabling conditions for MCSJ’s work, describes the often delicate balancing act MCSJ has to manage in its work, and outlines some of the key strategies of this community–university partnerships that guided efforts to develop a healthy public for men and HIV. Lessons learned from this case study will be helpful for other efforts to promote and sustain engaged and impactful university–community collaborations to support the emergence of healthy publics.
Electronically driven collapse of the bulk modulus in
δ
-plutonium
Authors: Harrison Neil 
Published: February 2020

Significance
A long-standing mystery in the material science of actinides concerns the question of why the bulk modulus of plutonium metal undergoes an anomalously large softening with increasing temperature compared to other metals. We show that a crucial step to understanding this phenomenon is taking into consideration the compressibility of thermally excited electronic configurations. We find this to lead to a previously unknown electronic softening contribution to the bulk modulus and a collapse of the bulk modulus when there exists a large partial pressure between different configurations.
No-go zones in Sweden
Authors: Milani Tommaso M. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
The focus of this article is on the mundane nastiness of
language. Drawing on Arendt’s
(1963)

banality of evil and Briggs’s (2005) notion of infectious
communicability, the article highlights the moral dimensions of political and
media discourses that spread a communicable image of Sweden as a country in
disarray. I demonstrate that this image is made of two discursive ingredients:
the spatial trope of the no-go zone, and the
truthiness of its discursive elements, which, through a web
of communicable intertextual links, create the illusion of an accurate and
coherent account of society. Each of the discursive devices and links are like
mycelia in a growing fungus of evil that encourages us not “think from the
standpoint of somebody else” (Arendt,
1963: 49), that concomitantly normalise a problematic subjectivity of
the threatening migrant, a barbarian at the gates that needs to be excluded from
the Swedish future.
Dietary daidzein decreases food intake accompanied with delayed gastric emptying in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Adhikari Sudhashree , Bhattarai Keshab , Abe Yasuhiro , Kira Mayu , Fujitani Mina , Miyada Tomihiro , Kishida Taro 
Published: February 2020

ABSTRACT
We previously found that equol, a metabolite of intestinal bacterial conversion from soy isoflavone daidzein, has female-specific anorectic effects. In the present study, we used seven-week-old female ovariectomized (OVX) Sprague Dawley rats to test the hypothesis that the anorectic effect of dietary daidzein may be attributed to delayed gastric emptying. Results suggest that dietary daidzein delays gastric emptying and that it has an anorectic effect with residual gastric contents, but not without gastric contents. Dietary equol significantly decreased daily food intake in the OVX rats without sleeve gastrectomy, but not in those with sleeve gastrectomy, suggesting that the accumulation of food in the stomach is required for the anorectic effect of equol to occur. These results support the hypothesis that the anorectic effect of dietary daidzein is attributed to delayed gastric emptying.
The structure of copper ferrite prepared by five methods and its catalytic activity on lignin oxidative degradation
Authors: Ye Zhihui , Deng Zaixing , Zhang Lin , Chen Jienan , Wang Guiwu , Wu Zhiping 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Effects of copper ferrites with different prepared methods on the catalytic degradation of lignin with hydrogen peroxide as oxidant is studied. The microstructure, spectral properties and magnetic properties of copper ferrites prepared with five methods were characterized. The results showed that the microcosmic appearance of the catalysts prepared by the five methods was nanoparticles or irregular blocks. All the samples have strong magnetic properties. However the magnetic saturation intensity, residual magnetic intensity and coercivity of copper ferrite prepared by different methods are distinct. The degradation rate and the content of benzene-ring substances were the highest when lignin decomposed under the catalyst of copper ferrite prepared by ethylene glycol assisted sol-gel process, while the content of open-ring substances was the highest when lignin decomposed under the catalyst of copper ferrite made by co-precipitation. Compared with Fenton catalyst, The copper ferrite catalyst easily be separated and good repetitive catalytic performance when used in the lignin degradation. In addition, the crystal structure of copper ferrite play an important role on the catalytic degradation properties of lignin.
Megahertz operation of vertical organic transistors for ultra-high resolution active-matrix display
Authors: Kleemann Hans , Schwartz Gregor , Zott Stefan , Baumann Monique , Furno Mauro 
Published: February 2020

Abstract
Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are the technology of choice for flexible electronic devices such as active-matrix (AM) displays. However, despite the continuous improvement of charge carrier mobility in organic semiconductors, the performance of conventional OFETs is too poor for demanding electronic applications. Furthermore, hero-devices reported in literature often make use of processes (shadow mask fabrication, large channel width devices) which cannot be adapted in production lines, e.g. for AM displays. Here we present an OFET with a novel vertical device structure. It has static and dynamic transistor performance superior over conventional lateral organic transistors with regard to application in AM displays. We show that these vertical transistors can be integrated using processes well-established in the micro-electronic industry and thus offer seamless transfer into production lines. We discuss that these transistors obey scaling laws for footprint and capacitance which make them superior over other planar transistor devices. In combination with excellent device stability and uniformity, vertical OFET might enable ultra-high resolution flexible displays of the future.