bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women’s Experience of Pregnancy and Birth during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Keating Niamh , Dempsey Brendan , Corcoran Siobhan , Lalor Joan , Higgins Mary 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed how maternity care services are provided worldwide. In an effort to contain the virus many providers have reduced the number of face-to-face visits for women. In addition, partner attendance is now prohibited in many circumstances in order to protect staff, and other service users, from potential infection. METHODS: A qualitative study with 14 women was conducted using a grounded theory approach. Data were collected between April to June 2020 and in-depth interviews were conducted either in pregnancy or in the first 12 weeks after the birth. RESULTS: Six categories emerged: loss of normality, navigating "new" maternity care systems, partners as bystanders, balancing information, uncertainty and unexpected benefits of pregnancy during the pandemic. Women described the challenges they faced with accessing information of the risk of COVID-19 in pregnancy and how to navigate the new hospital and community restrictions. For the most part women accepted many of the restrictions as they understood as being in place to keep them safe. They perceived themselves as vulnerable group despite apparent available evidence to the contrary. The loss of the partner as an advocate, particularly at the anomaly scan and in the neonatal intensive care, was a source of anxiety. Social media was the main source of information for many in place of traditional sources such as healthcare providers. Some unexpected benefits of restrictions included working from home which allowed women to manage normal pregnancy symptoms such as fatigue at home. CONCLUSION: The pandemic caused anxiety for pregnant women. This is exacerbated by uncertainty about the effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy and unclear messaging about restrictions. Pregnancy has a significant temporal component and so maternity services need to respond to women’s needs for information and support rapidly and effectively, with more interactive and personalised communication to support them to cope with uncertainty. The birth partner is an important role as an advocate for women. Containment strategies for the pandemic should be developed with this in mind and attempt to view the family as a unit rather than the woman in isolation.
Cystoscopic Findings in Women with Minimal and Maximal Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Authors: Marcu Ioana , Gavard Jeffrey , Varizabadi Golnar , Shi Joe , Steele Andrew , Leong Fah Che , McLennan Mary , Bickhaus Jennifer , Holloran-Schwartz Mary , Yeung Patrick , Campian Eugen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Glomerulations are not specific for interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). Controversy exists about whether cystoscopic findings differ between patients with and without lower urinary tract symptoms. We sought to compare the prevalence of cystoscopic findings in women with “no or minimal” urinary symptoms to those with a “high” symptom burden. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study performed at a University Educational Facility. Participants in this study were part of a larger prospective study, in which female patients scheduled to undergo routine gynecologic procedures were all consented for cystoscopy with hydrodistension (CWHD). We defined the “minimally symptomatic group” as those with <1 on each of the O’Leary/Sant Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI) subscores and without history of IC/BPS. The “highly symptomatic” cohort of women had composite ICSI score > 12 and a Burning/Pain subscore of 4 or 5. All were non-smokers. Results: 84 women underwent CWHD, with 33 having minimal symptoms and 51 being highly symptomatic. The two groups were not statistically different when assessing for ‘any glomerulations’ compared to ‘no glomerulations.’ However, minimally symptomatic women had an eight-fold lower prevalence of significant glomerulations than highly symptomatic women 3.0% versus 23.5% vs 3.0%, p< 0.05. Pairwise comparisons showed significant differences between > 10 glomerulations in 3 or 4 quadrants and no glomerations, with 4% of minimally symptomatic women having > 10 glomerulations in 3 or 4 quadrants versus 28.6% of highly symptomatic women having > 10 glomerations in 3 or 4 quadrants (p<0.05). Conclusion: Extensive glomerulations (>10 in 3 or 4 quadrants) are rare in women without urinary symptoms. These findings contrast with prior limited prospective data which quoted similar incidence of glomerulations in IC/BPS patients and asymptomatic patients. This study highlights the importance of evaluating objective evidence on CWHD and merits further investigation.
Study of Outcomes and Characteristics of COVID-19 Positive Geriatric Patients in a Scottish Rehabilitation Community Hospital.
Authors: Ong Ying Ern Elena , Khor Zhong Wei , McGovern Ryan , Testrow Sean , Tipton Carolyn 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundA dedicated step-down unit was instated in a community geriatric rehabilitation hospital in Dundee to meet the ongoing rehabilitation needs of a Scottish COVID-19 positive geriatric patient cohort. As the profound chronic health effects of COVID-19 on our ageing populations are still poorly understood, our study aims to investigate patient characteristics and outcomes in this cohort of patients stepped-down to the community geriatric hospital COVID-19 ward. Design This was a retrospective observational study of all patients admitted to the COVID-19 step-down unit. Patient demographic data and data on pre- and post-COVID-19 infection patient functional status, clinical frailty score, mobility status and mortality were collected to quantify extent of physical-functional decline in this patient cohort from inpatient notes and electronic databases.Results33 COVID-19 positive patients were included in this study. 36% of patients lost their independent function status and there was a 45% increase (15 patients) in care requirements, accompanied by a 41% decline mobility. Average length of inpatient stay of the surviving population was longer compared to the cohort who died, (35.3 days vs 20.6 days, p=0.028). Stroke as a co-morbidity was associated with increased mortality in this patient cohort (p=0.006, <0.05). Obstructive lung disease is noted to be associated with an increased length of stay (33.4 days vs 20 days, p=0.011).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates quantifiable physical functional decline demonstrated by loss of independent function, increase in care requirements, increased frailty, and reduced mobility in this geriatric cohort post COVID-19 infection.
Realization of nearly dispersionless bands with strong orbital anisotropy from destructive interference in twisted bilayer MoS2
Authors: Xian Lede , Claassen Martin , Kiese Dominik , Scherer Michael M. , Trebst Simon , Kennes Dante , Rubio Angel 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Recently, the twist angle between adjacent sheets of stacked van der Waals materials emerged as a new knob to engineer correlated states of matter in twodimensional heterostructures in a controlled manner, giving rise to emergent phenomena such as superconductivity or correlated insulating states. Here, we use an ab initio based approach to characterize the electronic properties of twisted bilayer MoS2. We report that, in marked contrast to twisted bilayer graphene, slightly hole-doped MoS2 realizes a strongly asymmetric px-py Hubbard model on the honeycomb lattice, with two almost entirely dispersionless
bands emerging due to destructive interference. The origin of these dispersionless bands, is similar to that of the flat bands in the prototypical Lieb or Kagome lattices and co-exists with the general band flattening at small twist angle due to the Moir´e interference. We study the collective behavior of twisted bilayer MoS2 in the presence of interactions, and characterize an array of different magnetic and orbitally-ordered correlated phases, which may be susceptible to quantum fluctuations giving rise to exotic, purely quantum, states of matter.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is a novel structure component of centrioles and a novel transcriptional factor
Authors: Zhang Lu , Zhang Hongbing , Li Xiaoyan , Agborbesong Ewud , Li Xiaogang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Ciliopathies are a group of human diseases that affect the cellular cilia or the cilia anchoring structures, the bosal bodies, or ciliary function. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) as an important inflammatory cytokine plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. However, the role of MIF in ciliopathies remains elusive. In this study, we show that MIF is a structure protein of basal bodies, which forms a ring-like structure at proximal end of centrioles to regulate cilia assembly and elongation. Importantly, we identify MIF as a novel transcriptional factor, which regulates the expression of ciliary genes and genes associated with different signaling pathways. The phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase type 2 alpha (PIP4K2a) mediated MIF phosphorylation at S91 is necessary for the nuclear translocation of MIF, a process that is regulated by 14-3-3ζ. This study suggests that MIF is a key player in cilia biogenesis and transcriptional regulation in homeostasis.
Electrochemical C-C Bond Cleavage of Cyclopropanes towards the Synthesis of 1,3-Difunctionalized Molecules
Authors: Peng Pan , Yan Xingxiu , Zhang Ke , Liu Zhao , Zeng Li , Chen Yixuan , Zhang Heng , Lei Aiwen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Electrochemistry had a lot of inherent advantages in organic synthesis and many redox reactions have been achieved under electrochemical condition. However, the electrochemical C-C bond cleavage and functionalization reactions are less studied. Here we developed electrochemical C-C bond cleavage and 1,3-difuntionalization of arylcyclopropanes under catalyst-free and external-oxidant-free conditions. 1,3-difluorination, 1,3-oxyfluorination and 1,3-dioxygenation of arylcyclopropanes were achieved with a highly chemo- and regioselectivity by the strategic choice of nucleophiles. This protocol has good functional groups tolerance and can be scaled up. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that arylcyclopropane radical cation yielded from the anode oxidation and the following generated benzyl carbonium are the key intermediates in this transformation. This development provides a new scenario for constructing 1,3-difunctionalized molecules.
Comprehensive Analysis of Metal Deformation Law Based on Numerical Simulation of Cold Rolling Process
Authors: Yan Zhu-Wen , Wang Bao-Sheng , Bu He-Nan , Li Hao , Hong Lei , Zhang Dian-Hua 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Through taking the cold rolling process as the research object, the three-dimensional finite element model of the strip rolling process is established by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA software. The simulation results of the finite element model have a good fit with the actual production data. The rolling process is dynamically simulated, and the distribution curves of important rolling parameters such as equivalent stress, control efficiency coefficient, transverse rolling pressure, lateral thickness and work roll deflection is obtained. The research results of this paper have strong practicability for the process control of cold strip rolling mill. The research results have certain guiding significance for the development and optimization of the rolling control system.
Knowledge of Postpartum Women About Modern Contraceptive Methods and Attitudes Towards its Utilization in Debre Tabor Town, Northwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Taye Eden , Mekonnen Dawit , Debele Tibeb , Tiguh Agumas , Kebede Azmeraw 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: The postpartum period is a crucial time to prevent short inter-pregnancy interval and unwanted pregnancies. Despite it is the most ideal period to create awareness regarding knowledge and attitudes of postpartum mothers about contraceptive methods, it is the most neglected part of the continuum of care. Therefore, this study aimed to assess knowledge of postpartum women about modern contraceptive methods and attitudes towards its utilization in Debre Tabor town, northwest Ethiopia, 2018.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 552 postpartum mothers at Debre Tabor town from September 20 to October 20, 2018. A cluster sampling technique was used to select the study participants. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were entered into Epi info version 7 and analyzed by SPSS version 20 software. Multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify associated factors. Results: The overall prevalence of good knowledge and favorable attitude towards modern contraceptive methods was 57.6% (95% CI: 53.3%, 61.6%) and 40.6% (95% CI: 36.8, 44.6) respectively. Higher education [AOR: 2.15 (95% CI: 1.36, 3.4)], ever had a discussion with their husband about contraception [AOR: 2.15 (95% CI: 1.48, 3.14)] and ever used modern contraceptive methods [AOR: 1.87 (95% CI: 1.15, 3.03)] were found to be significantly associated with good knowledge of postpartum modern contraceptive methods. Besides, maternal age of 25-34-year-old (AOR= 0.42; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.65), having prior information about contraceptive methods (AOR= 1.73; 95% CI: 1.19, 2.53) and good knowledge of postpartum modern contraceptive methods were associated with the attitude of mothers towards modern contraceptive methods.Conclusion: More than half of the respondents had good knowledge about modern contraceptive methods. But, mother’s favorable attitude towards its utilization is lower compared to other studies. Mother’s higher educational status, ever discussed about contraceptive methods with their husband, and ever used contraceptive methods were the factors significantly associated with knowledge of postpartum modern contraceptive methods. Furthermore, adequate knowledge of postpartum modern contraceptive methods, age group of 25-34 years old and having prior information about contraceptive methods were the factors that significantly associated with the attitude of women.
EARN: An Ensemble Machine Learning Algorithm to Predict Driver Genes in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Mirsadeghi Leila , Hosseini Reza Haji , Banaei-Moghaddam Ali Mohammad , Kavousi Kaveh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background Today, there are a lot of markers on the prognosis and diagnosis of complex diseases such as primary breast cancer. However, our understanding of the drivers that influence cancer aggression is limited.Methods In this work, we study somatic mutation data consists of 450 metastatic breast tumor samples from cBio Cancer Genomics Portal. We use four software tools to extract features from this data. Then, an ensemble classifier (EC) learning algorithm called EARN (Ensemble of Artificial Neural Network, Random Forest, and non-linear Support Vector Machine) is proposed to evaluate plausible driver genes for metastatic breast cancer (MBCA). The decision-making strategy for the proposed ensemble machine is based on the aggregation of the predicted scores obtained from individual learning classifiers to be prioritized homo sapiens genes annotated as protein-coding from NCBI.Results This study is an attempt to focus on the findings in several aspects of MBCA prognosis and diagnosis. First, drivers and passengers predicted by SVM, ANN, RF, and EARN are introduced. Second, biological inferences of predictions are discussed based on gene set enrichment analysis. Third, statistical validation and comparison of all learning methods are performed by some evaluation metrics. Finally, the pathway enrichment analysis (PEA) using ReactomeFIVIz tool (FDR<0.03) for the top 100 genes predicted by EARN leads us to propose a new gene set panel for MBCA. It includes HDAC3, ABAT, GRIN1, PLCB1, and KPNA2 as well as NCOR1, TBL1XR1, SIRT4, KRAS, CACNA1E, PRKCG, GPS2, SIN3A, ACTB, KDM6B, and PRMT1. Furthermore, we compare results for MBCA to other outputs regarding 983 primary tumor samples of breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA) obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The comparison between outputs shows that ROC-AUC reaches 99.24% using EARN for MBCA and 99.79% for BRCA. This statistical result is better than three individual classifiers in each case.Conclusions This research using an integrative approach assists precision oncologists to design compact targeted panels that eliminate the need for whole-genome/exome sequencing. The schematic representation of the proposed model is presented as the Graphical Abstract (Figure 1).
Victorian Healthcare Experience Survey 2016 – 2018; Evaluation of Interventions to Improve the Patient Experience.
Authors: Wong Eunice , Mavondo Felix , Horvat Lidia , McKinlay Louise , Fisher Jane 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundPatient experience is recognised as a quality of care indicator and increasingly health services are working on achieving set targets and improving their performance. Interventions at the point of care targeting communication with patients, patient engagement in care processes and discharge planning are associated with better patient experience. However, their efficacy and application to different contexts are still unclear. The aims were to describe the interventions implemented by health services to improve patient experience, their impact on overall patient experiences and specific experiences in areas of communication, discharge planning, patient education on treatment/tests, the physical environment and access to care.MethodsSecondary data analysis of the Victorian Healthcare Experience inpatient surveys reported in September 2016 and 2018 and content analysis of interventions published in the Victorian Quality Account for 2017 from 59 public health services in Victoria, Australia. The interventions were categorised using an adapted taxonomy of professional interventions by the Cochrane EPOC Review Group. Univariate tests and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to test measure invariance across the 2016 and 2018 groups and examine the association between each of the intervention categories on overall patient experience measure and specific outcome measures.ResultsThis study found that the overall patient experience was consistent (93%) between 2016 and 2018 samples. In comparing impact, a single intervention rather than none or multiple interventions in communication, respect and dignity and treatment and disease education areas were associated with a higher level of the overall patient experience. Interventions in waiting time, access to service, care continuity and emotional support categories were associated with a decrease in overall patient experience. ConclusionThis study found that to improve the overall patient experience, more focus is needed on evidence-based interventions in dignity and respect and emotional support. Furthermore, the choice of interventions should be guided by evidence of their efficacy and prioritising implementing one intervention well, provides more gains.
Outcomes of Pregnancy-Related Referrals From Rural Health Facilities to Two Central Hospitals in Harare, Zimbabwe: A Prospective Descriptive Study
Authors: Busumani William , Mundagowa Paddington 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundBetween the years 2000 and 2017, the global maternal mortality rate dropped by 38% however, 94% of all maternal deaths still emanated from low and lower-middle-income countries. Rural women at a significantly higher risk of dying from pregnancy when compared to women living in urban settings and early detection of complications as well as prompt referral to higher levels of care can reduce the associated maternal and perinatal mortality. This study aimed to determine the maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnancy-related referrals from rural health facilities to two central hospitals in Harare, Zimbabwe.MethodsA prospective descriptive study was conducted using a sample of 206 patients. All mothers who were referred from rural healthcare facilities were recruited for participation. Data were extracted from patient notes using a structured questionnaire and missing information was obtained from the mother after she had recovered. Bivariate analysis was done using IBM SPSS.ResultsThe average age of study participants was 27.4±7.7 years. 87.4% were booked and 81.6% presented to the tertiary facility with their referral notes. The major reasons for referral were previous cesarean section (20.4%) and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (18.4%). There were nine maternal deaths thus a case fatality rate of 4.4% while the perinatal mortality rate was 151/1000 live births. Young mothers were more likely to have adverse perinatal outcomes and primiparous mothers were more likely to have a blood transfusion. Mothers who traveled for >100km to the tertiary facility and mothers who did not attend any antenatal visit were more likely to be transfused. Delivering at the rural health facility was significantly associated with receiving a blood transfusion at the tertiary facility. Mothers who did not attend antenatal clinic visits were more likely to have negative perinatal outcomes.ConclusionThe proportion of obstetric patients being referred from rural facilities to tertiary institutions for complications in Zimbabwe reveals how primary and secondary healthcare facilities are falling short of offering the services they should be offering. Equipping these facilities with skilled human resources as well as contemporary equipment could help decongest the central hospitals, reduce the adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.
Cortical Development Assessed by Ultrasound in Fetuses with Isolated Mild Fetal Ventriculomegaly: Asymmetric Cortical Growth, 'catch-up growth' Pattern and Postnatal Neurodevelopment Outcome
Authors: Zhu Rong , Chen JunYa , Hou Xinlin , Liu Lili , Sun GuoYu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Assessment of cortical development and identifying factors that may result in a poor prognosis for fetuses with isolated mild ventriculomegaly (IMVM) is a hot research topic. We aimed to perform a constant detailed assessment of cortical development in IMVM fetuses by ultrasound and determine whether asymmetric cortical development occurs in IMVM fetuses. Moreover, we aimed to estimate the prognosis of IMVM fetuses and compare the difference of prognosis of IMVM fetuses with symmetric and asymmetric cortical maturation.Methods: IMVM was diagnosed by regular ultrasound, neurosonography, fetal MRI, and genetic and TORCH examinations. Ultrasound examinations were carried out with an interval of 2-3 weeks to record sulcus development in IMVM fetuses using a scoring system. The neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA), the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition (ASQ-3) and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-I) were used after birth.Results: Forty IMVM fetuses were included, twenty showed asymmetric cortical maturation, and twenty showed symmetric cortical maturation. The mean gestational age (GA) at the first diagnosis of relatively delayed development was 24.23weeks for the parieto-occipital sulcus, 24.71weeks for the calcarine sulcus, and 26.43weeks for the cingulate sulcus. The mean GA that two sides developed to the same grade was 29.40weeks for the parieto-occipital sulcus, 29.30weeks for the calcarine sulcus and 31.27weeks for the cingulate sulcus. The NBNA, ASQ-3 and BSID-I scores of all patients were in the normal range.Conclusion: IMVM fetuses may show mild asymmetric cortical maturation in the second trimester, but the relatively delayed sulci would undergo 'catch-up growth'. The neurodevelopment of IMVM fetuses with asymmetric cortical maturation and 'catch-up growth' is not statistically significantly different from that of IMVM fetuses with symmetric cortical maturation.