bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of serum sialic acid correlated with C3 in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia
Authors: Mi Yu‐Mei , Qi Qi , Zhang Li , Wang Xiao‐Fang , Chen Zhi‐Min , Hua Chun‐Zhen 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundDifferent from the diagnosis of bacterial infections, Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is still lacking of convenient non‐specific laboratory parameters.MethodA total of 125 children with MPP were included in the MPP group and 89 children with Mycoplasma‐negative pneumonia were included in the control group, and the sera were collected from the children at both the acute and recovery stages in the two groups.ResultsThe sialic acid and C3 in the MPP group were significantly higher than those in the control group both at the acute and at the recovery stage. On the other hand, the sialic acid and C3 at the acute stage were significantly higher than those at the recovery stage in the MPP group. However, in the control group, the sialic acid and C3 demonstrated IgG exhibited no significant change between the acute stage and the recovery stage. Lastly, positive correlations between sialic acid level and C3 level were identified in the MPP group at both acute and recovery stages.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that the serum sialic acid correlated with C3 specifically increased in children with MPP, indicating that it might be the important non‐specific parameters in the diagnosis of MPP.
Lnc‐MEG3 acts as a potential biomarker for predicting increased disease risk, systemic inflammation, disease severity, and poor prognosis of sepsis via interacting with miR‐21
Authors: Na Lei , Ding Huajie , Xing Enhong , Gao Jun , Liu Bin , Wang Huarong , Yu Jian , Yu Changyu 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the correlations of long non‐coding RNA maternally expressed gene 3 (lnc‐MEG3), microRNA (miR)‐21, and lnc‐MEG3/miR‐21 axis with disease risk, inflammation, disease severity, and 28‐day mortality of sepsis.MethodsTotally, 219 sepsis patients and 219 health controls (HCs) were enrolled. Plasma samples were obtained from sepsis patients within 24 hours after admission and from HCs on enrollment to detect lnc‐MEG3 and miR‐21 expressions by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.ResultsThe lnc‐MEG3 expression and lnc‐MEG3/miR‐21 axis were increased, while miR‐21 expression was decreased in sepsis patients compared with HCs. Lnc‐MEG3 (area under the curve (AUC): 0.887, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.856‐0.917) and lnc‐MEG3/miR‐21 axis (AUC: 0.934, 95% CI: 0.909‐0.958) had good values for predicting elevated sepsis risk, while miR‐21 (AUC: 0.801, 95% CI: 0.758‐0.844) presented a good predictive value for reduced sepsis risk. Furthermore, lnc‐MEG3 expression and lnc‐MEG3/miR‐21 axis positively correlated with, whereas miR‐21 expression negatively correlated with acute pathologic and chronic health evaluation II, sequential organ failure assessment score, serum creatinine, C‐reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, and IL‐17 in sepsis patients. Additionally, lnc‐MEG3 (AUC: 0.704, 95% CI: 0.626‐0.783) and lnc‐MEG3/miR‐21 axis (AUC: 0.669, 95% CI: 0.589‐0.750) exhibited acceptable values in predicting higher 28‐day mortality risk, while miR‐21 (AUC: 0.588, 95% CI: 0.505‐0.672) presented a poor predictive value for lower 28‐day mortality risk in sepsis patients.ConclusionLnc‐MEG3 might serve as a potential biomarker for the development, progression, and prognosis prediction of sepsis via interacting with miR‐21.
MicroRNA‐146b overexpression associates with deteriorated clinical characteristics, increased International Staging System stage, cacoethic chromosome abnormality, and unfavorable prognosis in multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Bao Ying , Wei Mingqin , Ji Xiaohong 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundMicroRNA‐146b (miR‐146b) is a critical regulator and prognosis biomarker in several hematological malignancies, whereas its role in multiple myeloma (MM) was unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the significance of miR‐146b in MM patients.MethodsThe plasma cells were separated from bone marrow samples of 180 symptomatic MM patients (before treatment) and 50 healthy controls (HCs), and subsequently detected by reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction for miR‐146b expression.ResultsMiR‐146b was increased in MM patients compared with HCs (P < .001), and it predicted increased MM risk (area under curve (AUC): 0.879, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.822‐0.936). For clinical parameters, miR‐146b was positively correlated with serum creatinine (P = .047), beta‐2‐microglobulin (P < .001), lactate dehydrogenase (P < .001), bone lesion (P = .027), International Staging System (ISS) stage (P < .001), and t (4; 14; P = .006), while negatively correlated with albumin (P = .004) in MM patients. For prognosis, miR‐146b was decreased in complete response (CR) patients compared with non‐CR patients (P = .025), as well as in overall response rate (ORR) patients compared with non‐ORR patients (P = .036), and it discriminated CR patients from non‐CR patients (AUC: 0.610, 95% CI: 0.523‐0.698) and distinguished ORR patients from non‐ORR patients (AUC: 0.602, 95% CI: 0.501‐0.703) in MM patients. Moreover, miR‐146b was correlated with worse progression‐free survival (P = .007) and overall survival (P = .014) in MM patients.ConclusionMiR‐146b was overexpressed in MM patients and predicted increased MM risk; meanwhile, it correlated with deteriorated clinical properties, increased ISS stage, cacoethic chromosome abnormality, and worse prognosis in MM patients.
Expression patterns of CD28 and CTLA‐4 in early, chronic, and untreated rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: García‐Chagollán Mariel , Ledezma‐Lozano Iris Yolanda , Hernández‐Bello Jorge , Sánchez‐Hernández Pedro Ernesto , Gutiérrez‐Ureña Sergio Ramón , Muñoz‐Valle José Francisco 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBackgroundT‐cell activation pathways have been proposed as trigger mechanisms in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). CD28 and CTLA‐4 play major roles in regulating the stimulatory and inhibitory co‐signals in T cells.ObjectiveTo analyze the association between soluble and surface expression of CD28 and CTLA‐4 with the clinical parameters of RA patients.MethodsA total of 35 RA patients classified as early RA (n = 14), chronic RA (n = 14), and untreated RA (n = 7), as well as 7 age‐ and sex‐matched control subjects (CS) were included. Surface expression of CD28 and CTLA‐4 on T cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. Soluble levels of CD28 (sCD28), CTLA‐4 (sCTLA‐4), and anti‐CCP antibodies were measured by ELISA.ResultsA significant lower percentage of CD8 + T cells positive to CD28 (CS = 64.9% vs RA = 42.7%, P = .04), and diminished surface expression of CD28 (CS: MFI = 122.9 vs RA: MFI = 33.1, P = .006), were found in chronic RA patients compared to CS. Higher sCD28 were observed in early RA patients compared with chronic RA patients (P < .05). sCTLA‐4 was found increased in untreated RA patients compared to early RA patients (P < .05). sCD28 concentration correlated with anti‐CCP levels (rho = −0.12; P = .032). The soluble and surface expressions of CTLA‐4 were not associated with RA clinical parameters.ConclusionsIn RA, the percentage of CD8 + CD28+ T cells decreases and expresses fewer membrane CD28 than CS. sCD28 levels are lower in chronic RA and are associated negatively with anti‐CCP levels. sCTLA 4 levels are lower in early RA patients than in untreated RA patients.
Training for a new environment: Using military operational concepts in counseling veterans
Authors: Morse Christopher 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSince September 11, 2001, the United States has engaged in an extended period of military conflict, resulting in 4.1 million men and women serving in support of Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation New Dawn. Whereas not all servicemembers experience mental health issues, many have experienced difficulties with readjusting to the civilian world, often requiring mental health services both inside and outside of the Department of Veterans Affairs. Issues related to stigma and military culture contribute to barriers not only for veterans seeking treatment but for clinicians providing services who may lack experience with military culture. This article provides a framework to use military concepts in clinical sessions to further therapeutic engagement with the military/veteran client.
Electronic and other new media technology interventions for HIV care and prevention: a systematic review
Authors: Maloney Kevin M , Bratcher Anna , Wilkerson Ryan , Sullivan Patrick S 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionElectronic and other new media technologies (eHealth) can facilitate large‐scale dissemination of information and effective delivery of interventions for HIV care and prevention. There is a need to both monitor a rapidly changing pipeline of technology‐based care and prevention methods and to assess whether the interventions are appropriately diversified. We systematically review and critically appraise the research pipeline of eHealth interventions for HIV care and prevention, including published studies and other funded projects.MethodsTwo peer‐reviewed literature databases were searched for studies describing the development, trial testing or implementation of new technology interventions, published from September 2014 to September 2018. The National Institutes of Health database of grants was searched for interventions still in development. Interventions were included if eHealth was utilized and an outcome directly related to HIV treatment or prevention was targeted. We summarized each intervention including the stage of development, eHealth mode of delivery, target population and stage of the HIV care and prevention continua targeted.Results and discussionOf 2178 articles in the published literature, 113 were included with 84 unique interventions described. The interventions utilize a variety of eHealth technologies and target various points on the prevention and care continua, with greater emphasis on education, behaviour change and testing than linkage to medical care. There were a variety of interventions for HIV care support but none for PrEP care. Most interventions were developed for populations in high income countries. An additional 62 interventions with funding were found in the development pipeline, with greater emphasis on managing HIV and PrEP care.ConclusionsOur systematic review found a robust collection of eHealth interventions in the published literature as well as unpublished interventions still in development. In the published literature, there is an imbalance of interventions favouring education and behaviour change over linkage to care, retention in care, and adherence, especially for PrEP. The next generation of interventions already in the pipeline might address these neglected areas of care and prevention, but the development process is slow. Researchers need new methods for more efficient and expedited intervention development so that current and future needs are addressed.
A third dimension in the mirror? How senior managers design products and organizations
Authors: Bach Norbert , Galvin Peter 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIndividual CEO characteristics may affect architectural choices through the application of managerial discretion. Systems such as organizations and their products are not purely driven toward modularity because of external forces. Individual CEO characteristics may constitute an additional dimension to established mirroring considerations that impacts both the choice of architecture and the correspondence between product and organization architectures.
HPLC semi‐preparative separation of diclazuril enantiomers and racemization in solution
Authors: Huang Zhan , Guo Dong , Fan Jun , Zhong Yujing , Zhang Meiyu , He Limin , Zhang Weiguang 
Published: January 2020

AbstractDiclazuril has been widely used in poultry feed for prevention and treatment of coccidiosis, and its chiral separation is rarely reported. Herein, semi‐preparative separation method of diclazuril enantiomers has been developed through normal‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. Effects of chiral stationary phases, alcoholic modifiers, and column temperature on separation of diclazuril were discussed in detail. Both the single‐urea‐bound 4‐chlorophenylcarbamoylated β‐cyclodextrin and amylose tris(3,5‐dimethylphenylcarbamate)‐coated chiral stationary phases showed strong ability in separation of diclazuril by using n‐hexane–trifluoroacetic acid–ethanol. Then, semi‐preparative separation of diclazuril was carried out through stacked injection, and the "enantiomeric excess" purities of two fractions were over 98%. Next, the electronic circular dichroism profiles of these two fractions in ethanol solution displayed the mirror image of each other in the range 360–200 nm. Moreover, effects of acidic/basic additive, time, and temperature on racemization of diclazuril enantiomers in ethanol solution have been studied in detail through normal‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. Racemization of diclazuril enantiomers was remarkably accelerated through adding triethylamine at high temperature. We envision that this systematic investigation of diclazuril at an enantiomeric level would provide valuable information in future studies involving enantioselective bioactive, metabolic, and toxicological activities.
Clinical application of the ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration for thyroglobulin measurement to diagnose lymph node metastasis from differentiated thyroid carcinoma‐literature review
Authors: Jiang He‐Jiun , Hsiao Pi‐Jung 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) generally has a good prognosis, but disease recurs in 25% to 30% of PTC patients and significantly reduces the survival rate. Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is reported in 20% to 50% of PTC patients, mainly in the neck, and 20% originates from recurrence. LNM of papillary thyroid carcinoma are a plausible prognostic factor to determine disease recurrence. Currently, fine needle lymph node aspiration for cytology (LN‐FN‐cytology) is the best modality to diagnose LNM but is limited by diagnostic sensitivity and sample error. Fine needle lymph node aspiration for thyroglobulin measurement (LN‐FNA‐Tg) could offer a reliable and quantitative diagnostic method for LNM. The combination of LN‐FNA‐cytology and LN‐FNA‐Tg could achieve almost 100% diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for LNM. Both treatment guidelines of the American Thyroid Association and European Thyroid Association recommend LN‐FNA‐Tg to diagnose LNM after total thyroidectomy. Diagnostic accuracy of the LN‐FNA‐Tg depends on optimal equipment, scanning protocol, skill, and experience of operators. Normal saline is mainly used for aspiration needle wash‐out and buffer solution. And radioimmunoassay or immunoradiometric assay are widely used for the LN‐FNA‐Tg measurement. So far, there is no consensus about the diagnostic threshold of LN‐FNA‐Tg for positive LNM, but high LN‐FNA‐Tg, especially higher than 10 ng/mL, strongly favors LNM.
On the jerk in motion along a space curve
Authors: Güner Mehmet 
Published: January 2020

SummaryThe jerk vector of a moving particle is the third time derivative of the position vector and thus the time derivative of the acceleration vector. A useful resolution of the acceleration vector of a particle traveling along a space curve is well known in the literature due to Siacci's study in 1879. A similar resolution of the jerk vector was given as a new contribution to field by Özen and Tosun in 2019. In the present article, we take into account a particle moving on a space curve which is equipped with the Bishop frame and study the aforesaid resolution of the jerk vector for this particle. Furthermore, we have given an illustrative example to explain how the our result works.
Multidimensional correlation spectroscopic imaging of exponential decays: From theoretical principles to in vivo human applications
Authors: Kim Daeun , Wisnowski Jessica L. , Nguyen Christopher T. , Haldar Justin P. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractMultiexponential modeling of relaxation or diffusion MR signal decays is a popular approach for estimating and spatially mapping different microstructural tissue compartments. While this approach can be quite powerful, it is also limited by the fact that one‐dimensional multiexponential modeling is an ill‐posed inverse problem with substantial ambiguities. In this article, we present an overview of a recent multidimensional correlation spectroscopic imaging approach to this problem. This approach helps to alleviate ill‐posedness by making advantageous use of multidimensional contrast encoding (e.g., 2D diffusion–relaxation encoding or 2D relaxation–relaxation encoding) combined with a regularized spatial–spectral estimation procedure. Theoretical calculations, simulations, and experimental results are used to illustrate the benefits of this approach relative to classical methods. In addition, we demonstrate an initial proof‐of‐principle application of this kind of approach to in vivo human MRI experiments.
Patients' and radiographers' experiences of dose reducing abdominal compression in radiographic examinations—A qualitative study
Authors: Piippo‐Huotari Oili , Funk Eva , Geijer Håkan , Anderzén‐Carlsson Agneta 
Published: January 2020

AbstractAimTo describe patients' and radiographers' experiences of abdominal compression using conventional and patient‐controlled compression methods.DesignQualitative descriptive design.MethodsForty‐five patients who had used both a conventional and a patient‐controlled compression device answered questionnaires. Five radiographers were interviewed. The data‐collection took place between September 2015 and February 2017. Data were analysed by qualitative content analysis.ResultsPatient‐controlled compression was preferred by slightly more patients because of fear of pain due to excessively hard pressure, maintaining control over the pressure and shorter duration. It was more comfortable, and patients felt they could participate in the examinations. Conventional compression was preferred by some because of more stable pressure and uncertainty of own capacity to provide the optimal compression. Discomfort was more often mentioned concerning the conventional compression method. The radiographers experienced the patient‐controlled method as less time‐consuming and more comfortable, but uncertainty about correct compression technique and its effect on radiation dose and image quality was reported.
Characterisation of hederacoside C metabolites using ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry based on automatic fragment ion search
Authors: Jiang Honghong , Yang Jianxi , Zhang Wendan , Wang Qiao , Du Yingfeng , Sun Qian , Li Cheng , Xu Huijun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIntroductionHederacoside C (HDC) is a bioactive natural triterpenoid saponins constituent originating from traditional Chinese medicines, playing an important role in the treatment of acute respiratory infections and chronic inflammatory bronchitis. Meanwhile, it is recognised by Korea as a botanical drug.ObjectivesIn order to develop an integrated template approach to analysing screening and identification of the metabolites of traditional Chinese medicines. This study will provide available information for further pharmaceutical studies of HDC and other triterpene saponins.MethodologyAn analysis strategy based on ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐MS) technique combined with automatic fragment ion search (FISh) was firstly exploited for the characterisation metabolites of HDC in vivo and in vitro. Accurate full mass scan combined with an on‐line FISh annotations approach was developed to rapidly identify all the potential metabolites of HDC. Furthermore, FISh accurately located the structure of the target compound in a large number of mass spectral data.ResultsA total of 34 metabolites were detected and tentatively identified by analysing comprehensive biological samples. The results clearly demonstrated that HDC underwent general metabolic reactions including dealkylation, reduction, oxidation, desaturation, dehydration, cysteine conjugation, GSH conjugation, taurine conjugation, and glycine conjugation to produce 26 phase I and eight phase II metabolites.ConclusionIn the present study, UHPLC‐Q‐Exactive Orbitrap MS technique combined with FISh provided a rapid and efficient platform to characterise metabolites of HDC in vivo and in vitro. The proposed method could develop an integrated template approach to screen and identify the constituents and metabolites of traditional Chinese medicines.
Evolution of polypharmacy in a spanish population (2005‐2015): A database study
Authors: Hernández‐Rodríguez Miguel Ángel , Sempere‐Verdú Ermengol , Vicens‐Caldentey Caterina , González‐Rubio Francisca , Miguel‐García Félix , Palop‐Larrea Vicente , Orueta‐Sánchez Ramón , Esteban‐Jiménez Óscar , Sempere‐Manuel Mara , Arroyo‐Aniés María Pilar , Fernández‐San José Buenaventura 
Published: January 2020

AbstractPurposeTo analyze the evolution of the prevalence of polypharmacy and excessive polypharmacy in a Spanish population, and to improve the identification of patients with polypharmacy.MethodsA descriptive, annual cross‐sectional observational study was carried out. Patients: individuals over 14 years of age included in a multiregional primary care database of the Spanish population (BIFAP). Analysis: prescription data. Period 2005‐2015. Variables: proportion of patients with polypharmacy (simultaneous prescription of ≥5 drugs) and excessive polypharmacy (≥10 drugs) for at least 6 months, according to sex and age groups. A trend analysis of the studied period was performed (overall, and by sex and age groups).ResultsThe data are reported on a comparative basis (2005 vs 2015). Number of patients analyzed: 2664743 vs 4 002 877. The prevalence of polypharmacy increased significantly (2.5% vs 8.9%, P‐value for trend <0.001), being greater in females throughout the study period and in the group aged ≥80 years (P‐value for trends <0.001). The prevalence of excessive polypharmacy also increased significantly (0.1% vs 1%, P‐value for trend <0.001), being higher in the group aged ≥80 years (P‐value for trend <0.001). The proportion of patients with no chronic treatment decreased (80.2% vs 63.1%).ConclusionsThe prevalence of polypharmacy in this Spanish population has tripled in the period 2005‐2015, while excessive polypharmacy has increased 10‐fold. These increments are seen in both sexes and in all age groups, particularly in individuals over 80 years of age. The proportion of patients without chronic treatments has decreased.