bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential Impact of Targeted HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake Among Male Sex Workers
Authors: Goedel William C. , Mimiaga Matthew J. , King Maximilian R. F. , Safren Steven A. , Mayer Kenneth H. , Chan Philip A. , Marshall Brandon D. L. , Biello Katie B. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractLittle is known about the potential population-level impact of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use among cisgender male sex workers (MSWs), a high-risk subset of cisgender men who have sex with men (MSM). Using an agent-based model, we simulated HIV transmission among cisgender MSM in Rhode Island to determine the impacts of PrEP implementation where cisgender MSWs were equally (“standard expansion”) or five times as likely (“focused expansion”) to initiate PrEP compared to other cisgender MSM. Without PrEP, the model predicted 920 new HIV infections over a decade, or an average incidence of 0.39 per 100 person-years. In a focused expansion scenario where 15% of at-risk cisgender MSM used PrEP, the total number of new HIV infections was reduced by 58.1% at a cost of $57,180 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. Focused expansion of PrEP use among cisgender MSWs may be an efficient and cost-effective strategy for reducing HIV incidence in the broader population of cisgender MSM.
Electrical transport properties in group-V elemental ultrathin 2D layers
Authors: Wu Zehan , Hao Jianhua 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAfter the breakthrough of the study on the two-dimensional (2D) layered phosphorus, group-V elemental ultrathin 2D layers have captured considerable attentions in recent years on account of their unique and promising electrical transport properties, including semiconductor features with direct and desirable energy band structures, outstanding carrier mobilities, controllable and tunable characteristics under applied strain, electric and magnetic fields, highly anisotropic phenomena along both in-plane and out-plane directions, topological transmission states, and negative Poisson’s ratio. Accordingly, a number of investigations on this family of 2D materials have been conducting rapidly, while initiating great potential and new opportunities on the nanoscale science and applications in optoelectronic, magneto-electronics, thermo-electronic, ferroelectric, topological spintronics, and so on. Herein, a specific review is provided with systematical summarizations and refinements on the recent advances of the electrical transport in group-V elemental ultrathin 2D layers from the blossoming field of research, while comprehensive discussion and some recommendations are put forward, with an expectation of broadening and deepening understanding of the family of 2D layers. Lastly, we provide critical motivation and challenge for future explorations in this promising territory.
A fully planar solar pumped laser based on a luminescent solar collector
Authors: Masuda Taizo , Iyoda Mitsuhiro , Yasumatsu Yuta , Dottermusch Stephan , Howard Ian A. , Richards Bryce S. , Bisson Jean-Francois , Endo Masamori 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA solar-pumped laser (SPL) that converts sunlight directly into a coherent and intense laser beam generally requires a large concentrating lens and precise solar tracking, thereby limiting its potential utility. Here, we demonstrate a fully-planar SPL without a lens or solar tracking. A Nd3+-doped silica fiber is coiled into a cylindrical chamber filled with a sensitizer solution, which acts as a luminescent solar collector. The body of the chamber is highly reflective while the top window is a dichroic mirror that transmits incoming sunlight and traps the fluorescence emitted by the sensitizer. The laser-oscillation threshold was reached at a natural sunlight illumination of 60% on the top window. Calculations indicated that a solar-to-laser power-conversion efficiency could eventually reach 8%. Such an SPL has potential applications in long-term renewable-energy storage or decentralised power supplies for electric vehicles and Internet-of-Things devices.
CTRP3 ameliorates cerulein-induced severe acute pancreatitis in mice via SIRT1/NF-κB/p53 axis
Authors: Lv Chunyang , He Yuan , Wei Mingli , Xu Guiyun , Chen Chuang , Xu Zhen , Ding Zhilong 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a common and life-threatening clinical acute abdominal disease. C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3 (CTRP3), a novel paralog of adiponectin, has been identified as a crucial regulator in multiple types of inflammatory disorders. However, the biological role of CTRP3 in SAP remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to characterize the role of CTRP3 in SAP and illuminate the potential mechanisms involved. In the current study, SAP mouse models were induced by seven hourly intraperitoneal injection of cerulein (50 μg/kg) and an immediate intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/kg) after the last cerulein administration. Histological examination and serological analysis demonstrated that SAP mouse models were successfully established. Herein, we found that CTRP3 expression was significantly decreased in the pancreatic tissues of SAP mice compared with normal control mice. Furthermore, we explored the effects of CTRP3 rescue in SAP mice and discovered that CTRP3 overexpression attenuated pathological lesions, inhibited inflammatory mediator release and repressed acinar cell apoptosis. Notably, mechanistic studies revealed that CTRP3 overexpression suppressed NF-κB p65 phosphorylation and p53 acetylation to alleviate cerulein-induced SAP in mouse models through activation of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent protein deacetylase. Collectively, our data indicate that CTRP3 may exert its protective effects in SAP mice via regulation of SIRT1-mediated NF-κB and p53 signaling pathways, implying a promising therapeutic strategy against SAP.
Effects of circulating extracellular microvesicles from spinal cord-injured adults on endothelial cell function
Authors: Brewster L. Madden , Coombs Geoff B. , Garcia Vinicius P. , Hijmans Jamie G. , DeSouza Noah M. , Stockelman Kelly A. , Barak Otto F. , Mijacika Tanja , Dujic Zeljko , Greiner Jared J. , Phillips Aaron A. , Ainslie Philip N. , DeSouza Christopher A. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
People with spinal cord injury (SCI) have three- to four-fold greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with those without SCI. Although circulating extracellular microvesicles are key effectors of vascular health and disease, how their functional phenotype might be altered with SCI is unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of microvesicles isolated from SCI adults on endothelial cell inflammation and oxidative stress as well as endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS) activation and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) expression. Eighteen young and middle-aged adults were studied: 10 uninjured (7M/3F; age: 39 ± 3 years) and 8 cervical level spinal cord injured (SCI; 7M/1F; 46 ± 4 years; cervical injury: C3: n=1; C5: n=4; C6: n=3). Circulating microvesicles were isolated, enumerated and collected from plasma by flow cytometry. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured and treated with microvesicles from either the uninjured or SCI adults. Microvesicles from SCI adults did not affect cellular markers or mediators of inflammation and oxidative stress. However, microvesicles from the SCI adults significantly blunted eNOS activation, NO bioavailability and t-PA production. Intercellular expression of phosphorylated eNOS at Ser1177 and Thr495 sites, specifically, were ∼65% lower and ∼85% higher, respectively, in cells treated with microvesicles from SCI compared with uninjured adults. Decreased eNOS activity and NO production as well as impaired t-PA bioavailability renders the vascular endothelium highly susceptible to atherosclerosis and thrombosis. Thus, circulating microvesicles may contribute to the increased risk of vascular disease and thrombotic events associated with SCI.
NGC 6397: The metallicity trend along the isochrone revisited
Authors: Jain Rashi , Prugniel Philippe , Martins Lucimara , Lançon Ariane 
Published: March 2020

Context. Recent work has used spectra of ∼5000 stars in NGC 6397 that were extracted from a MUSE mosaic to determine the atmospheric parameters for these stars by fitting the spectra against the Göttingen Spectral Library. A significant change in metallicity between the turn off and the red giant branch was found and was discussed as a possible manifestation of predicted effects of atomic diffusion. However, the small amplitude of the effect and inconsistency with earlier measurements call for more attention before this result is interpreted. Systematic effects due to the interpolation or to the synthetic spectra cannot be ruled out at this level of precision.
Aims. We reanalyze the data with : the ELODIE and MILES reference libraries in order to assess the robustness of the result. These empirical libraries have a finer metallicity coverage down to approximately the cluster metalicity turn-off.
Methods. We used the ULySS full-spectrum fitting package, together with the library interpolators to remeasure the three atmospheric parameters effective temperature, surface gravity, and [Fe/H] metallicity.
Results. We find a very low [Fe/H] dispersion along the isochrone (0.07 dex), consistent with our error estimate (0.05 dex). However, the [Fe/H] trend is not reproducible. This shows that the data have the potential to reveal patterns of the magnitude of the expected physical effects, but the analysis methods need to be refined to cull systematic effects that currently dominate the patterns.
Gravitoviscous protoplanetary disks with a dust component
Authors: Elbakyan Vardan G. , Johansen Anders , Lambrechts Michiel , Akimkin Vitaly , Vorobyov Eduard I. 
Published: March 2020

Aims. We study the dynamics and growth of dust particles in circumstellar disks of different masses that are prone to gravitational instability during the critical first Myr of their evolution.
Methods. We solved the hydrodynamics equations for a self-gravitating and viscous circumstellar disk in a thin-disk limit using the FEOSAD numerical hydrodynamics code. The dust component is made up of two different components: micron-sized dust and grown dust of evolving size. For the dust component, we considered the dust coagulation, fragmentation, momentum exchange with the gas, and dust self-gravity.
Results. We found that the micron-sized dust particles grow rapidly in the circumstellar disk, reaching a few cm in size in the inner 100 au of the disk during less than 100 kyr after the disk formation, provided that fragmentation velocity is 30 ms−1. Due to the accretion of micron dust particles from the surrounding envelope, which serves as a micron dust reservoir, the approximately cm-sized dust particles continue to be present in the disk for more than 900 kyr after the disk formation and maintain a dust-to-gas ratio close to 0.01. We show that a strong correlation exists between the gas and pebble fluxes in the disk. We find that radial surface density distribution of pebbles in the disk shows power-law distribution with an index similar to that of the Minimum-mass solar nebula regardless the disk mass. We also show that the gas surface density in our models agrees well with measurements of dust in protoplanetary disks of AS 209, HD 163296, and DoAr 25 systems.
Conclusions. Pebbles are formed during the very early stages of protoplanetary disk evolution. They play a crucial role in the planet formation process. Our disc simulations reveal the early onset (<105 yr) of an inwards-drifting flux of pebble-sized particles that makes up approximately between one hundredth and one tenth of the gas mass flux, which appears consistent with mm-observations of discs. Such a pebble flux would allow for the formation of planetesimals by streaming instability and the early growth of embryos by pebble accretion. We conclude that unlike the more common studies of isolated steady-state protoplanetary disks, more sophisticated global numerical simulations of circumstellar disk formation and evolution, including the pebble formation from the micron dust particles, are needed for performing realistic planet formation studies.
Spirals inside the millimeter cavity of transition disk SR 21
Authors: Muro-Arena G. A. , Ginski C. , Dominik C. , Benisty M. , Pinilla P. , Bohn A. J. , Moldenhauer T. , Kley W. , Harsono D. , Henning T. , van Holstein R. G. , Janson M. , Keppler M. , Ménard F. , Pérez L. M. , Stolker T. , Tazzari M. , Villenave M. , Zurlo A. , Petit C. , Rigal F. , Möller-Nilsson O. , Llored M. , Moulin T. , Rabou P. 
Published: March 2020

Context. Hydrodynamical simulations of planet-disk interactions suggest that planets may be responsible for a number of the substructures frequently observed in disks in both scattered light and dust thermal emission. Despite the ubiquity of these features, direct evidence of planets embedded in disks and of the specific interaction features like spiral arms within planetary gaps are still rare.
Aims. In this study we discuss recent observational results in the context of hydrodynamical simulations in order to infer the properties of a putative embedded planet in the cavity of a transition disk.
Methods. We imaged the transition disk SR 21 in H-band in scattered light with SPHERE/IRDIS and in thermal dust emission with ALMA band 3 (3 mm) observations at a spatial resolution of 0.1″. We combine these datasets with existing Band 9 (430 μm) and Band 7 (870 μm) ALMA continuum data.
Results. The Band 3 continuum data reveals a large cavity and a bright ring peaking at 53 au strongly suggestive of dust trapping. The ring shows a pronounced azimuthal asymmetry, with a bright region in the northwest that we interpret as a dust overdensity. A similarly asymmetric ring is revealed at the same location in polarized scattered light, in addition to a set of bright spirals inside the millimeter cavity and a fainter spiral bridging the gap to the outer ring. These features are consistent with a number of previous hydrodynamical models of planet-disk interactions, and suggest the presence of a ∼1 MJup planet at 44 au and PA = 11 deg. This makes SR21 the first disk showing spiral arms inside the millimeter cavity, and the first disk for which the location of a putative planet can be precisely inferred.
Conclusions. The main features of SR 21 in both scattered light and thermal emission are consistent with hydrodynamical predictions of planet-disk interactions. With the location of a possible planet being well constrained by observations, it is an ideal candidate for follow-up observations to search for direct evidence of a planetary companion still embedded in its disk.
L’objet externe et l’objet de l’objet, prévalence dans la psychose
Authors: Reed-Duvaille Brigitte 
Published: March 2020

P.-C. Racamier a donné une place prédominante à l’objet maternel externe, de façon novatrice, rendant compte de la formation des processus psychotiques.
La séduction narcissique maternelle, dépassant le temps imparti à l’Antœdipe comme par l’emprise qu’elle exerce sur l’enfant, compromet le développement psychosexuel, les capacités de croissance du Moi infantile et de séparation de l’objet, à l’origine du conflit d’autonomie.
Dans le climat incestueux, ou relation incestuelle, la scène primitive parentale, par trop incohérente, ne permet pas la construction d’identifications symbolisantes.
Une autre approche analytique peut se centrer sur le fonctionnement psychique de l’objet maternel externe.
Ce fonctionnement est marqué par la menace d’effondrement, la place de l’objet de l’objet et ses aspects transgénérationnels.
Un cas rapporté par Joyce McDougall en 1996 introduira une discussion clinique quant aux orientations analytiques possibles, face aux troubles psychotiques ou pervers, à la lumière des conceptions de P.-C. Racamier.
Poverty-alleviation communication practices of the Jerusalem Children and Community Development Organization (JeCCDO) in Negede Woito community, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
Authors: Gessese Negesse Belay 
Published: March 2020

AbstractPoverty is an important issue for third world Sub-Saharan African countries such as Ethiopia. To assist with poverty alleviation, a great number of nongovernmental organizations have moved resources into the region, but the problem has not significantly improved. This paper studies the Jerusalem Children and Community Development Organization (JeCCDO), an NGO that has engaged in poverty alleviation programs in Ethiopia for more than 35 years. The study examines communication practices used by JeCCDO as part of its poverty alleviation programs in Negede Woito community (Bahir Dar, Ethiopia). We use a qualitative research methodology to assess the organization’s communication practices, as well as the challenges it and the Negede Woito community face. Poverty is perceived as lack of resources by JeCCDO, but the community also prioritizes other forms of poverty such as psychological and cultural. Our findings reveal that JeCCDO is renowned for using a social enterprise development model and a participatory communication approach. However, in practice we find these are not used. In the models, endogenous knowledge and grassroots communication were vital to community development, but JeCCDO did not implement them during planning, implementing, and evaluating community-based programs. Community workers who coordinated the organization and the community were Negede Woito community members. Besides grassroots communication, knowing the context and living situation of the community is mandatory for development agents. JeCCDO did not contextualize development efforts, such as sheep fattening and poultry for people who did not have shelter. In conclusion, we propose that nongovernmental organizations and development workers should reconsider their communication contexts and practices while launching new poverty alleviation programs.
How ‘Portuguese’ are Palenquero and Chabacano really?
Authors: Jacobs Bart , Parkvall Mikael 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA long-lasting debate within creole studies concerns the scarcity of Spanish-based creoles and the theoretical implications this may have. However, there is no agreement as to how many genuinely Spanish-based creoles there are in the world, and identifying the size of that group can generate controversies. Papiamentu, for instance, is canonically classified as a Spanish-based creole, even though most scholars at present seem to agree its origins are Creole Portuguese. A Portuguese lineage has on various occasions and by various authors also been claimed for Chabacano (Philippine Creole Spanish) and Palenquero (spoken in Colombia). These creoles, too, were supposedly once Portuguese-based, only to subsequently be ‘relexified’ towards Spanish. This paper argues that there is little linguistic basis for that claim. Although both creoles do indeed seem to have received some Portuguese (Creole) input, we maintain that this input was limited and substratal in nature, and thus has no bearing on the classification (whether diachronic or synchronic) of the two creoles as truly Spanish-based.
Portal dosimetry of small unflattened beams
Authors: Torres Valderrama Aldemar , Olaciregui-Ruiz Igor , González Patrick , Perik Thijs , Mijnheer Ben , Mans Anton 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
We developed and validated a dedicated small field back–projection portal dosimetry model for pretreatment and in vivo verification of stereotactic plans entailing small unflattened photon beams. For this purpose an aSi–EPID was commissioned as a small field dosimeter. Small field output factors for 6 MV FFF beams were measured using the PTW microDiamond detector and the Agility 160–leaf MLC from Elekta. The back-projection algorithm developed in our department was modified to better model the small field physics. The feasibility of small field portal dosimetry was validated via absolute point dose differences w.r.t. small static beams, and 5 hypofractionated stereotactic VMAT clinical plans measured with the OCTAVIUS 1000 SRS array dosimeter and computed with the treatment planning system Pinnacle v16.2. Dose reconstructions using the currently clinically applied back–projection model were also computed for comparison. We found that the latter yields underdosage of about −8% for square beams with cross section near 10 mm x 10 mm and about −6% for VMAT treatments with PTV volumes smaller than about 2cm3. With the methods described in this work such errors can be reduced to less than the ±3.0% recommendations for clinical use. Our results indicate that aSi–EPIDs can be used as accurate small field radiation dosimeters, offering advantages over point dose detectors, the correct positioning and orientation of which is challenging for routine clinical QA.
Numerical Ability Analysis: The Impact of the Two Stay-Two Stray Learning Model on the Sequence and Series Topic in Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Huda Syamsul , Yasin Muhamad , Fitri Adhenia , Syazali Muhamad , Supriadi Nanang , Umam Rofiqul , Jermsittiparsert Kittisak 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNumerical ability is very important to possess by students in learning mathematics. Increased numerical ability impacts learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the Two Stay-Two Stray learning model on the numerical ability of students on the sequence and series topics. The research method used was a quasi-experimental method with a post-test-only control design research design. The assessment instrument used the problem description. Based on the analysis of the post-test score by using a t-test of two uncorrelated samples obtained tobserved= 2.955>tcritical= 2.002 (α = 0.05) with an average post-test score of 81.6 in the experimental class and 76 in the control class. A significant result of numerical ability between the control class and the experimental class was found. It can be concluded that the Two-Stay Two-Stray model produced a greater post-test mean score than the conventional model.
Utilization of Tofu Wastewater for The Growth of Red Spinach (Alternanteraamoenavoss) in Floating Raft Hydroponic Cultures
Authors: Anggraini W , Zulfa M , Prihantini N N , Batubara F , Indriyani Ririn 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of giving liquid tofu fertilizer to the growth and yield of red spinach plants (Alternanteraamoenavoss) with floating raft hydroponic techniques. Research on red spinach growth parameters was carried out at Horti Park Lampung. The method used in this study was Complete Random Design (CRD) consisting of 4 concentration P0 (0% AB Mix), P1 (30%), P2 (45%) and P3 (60%) and 3 replications. The study was conducted for 4 weeks. Measurements and observations are carried out 4 times, i.e. every 1 week. The parameters measured were stem height, number of leaves, leaf width, root length. Then, the data analysis was performed using One Way ANOVA on SPSS 17, and register later with the LDS test at the level of 5% significance. The results showed that tofu wastewater available at P3 maintenance (60%) was significantly different from other treatments, and at the same time discussed liquid waste which was known at the time of preparation of P1 (30%) because, it did not depend on nutrients contained in inside, so it causes less growth, compared to the implementation of P0 (0%), P2 (45%) and P3 (60%).