bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Mixed&nbsp;Probiotic Spores of&nbsp;Bacillus Coagulans and Bacillus Subtilis on Gut Microbiota and Intestinal and Liver Damage of Rats Infected with Salmonella Typhimurium
Authors: Mazkour Somaye , Shekarforoush Seyed Shahram , Basiri Sara , Namazi Fatemeh , Zarei-Kordshouli Forough 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Although the intestinal lumen is a major way for the entrance of pathogens such as Salmonella, they face a dense microbiota in the gut lumen. This community confers health benefits. The probiotics enhance the colonization resistance and direct inhibitory effects against pathogens, which are important in reducing the incidence, duration of gastroenteritis and also histopathological effects. Methods: In this study spore of two probiotic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulans were fed to rats for three weeks through their daily water intake after which Salmonella Typhimurium was gavaged to the rats. On days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after gavaging, intestinal microbiota and days 1, 3, 5 and 7 after gavaging, gut and liver histopathological changes were evaluated. Results: In comparison to the control group, Salmonella caused no change in spore and aerobic bacteria population but it caused anaerobic and coliform bacteria increase and LAB reduction. But B. subtilis and B. coagulans accompaniment with salmonella reduced the anaerobe and coliform bacteria and decreased the LAB population following Salmonella infection. Also, the histopathological evaluation showed that these probiotic attenuated shortening and fusion of villi, mononuclear cells infiltration, submucosal edema and epithelial necrosis in the intestine, hepatocyte degeneration and mononuclear cells infiltration in the liver which occurred due to Salmonella infection.Conclusion: B. subtilis and B. coagulans help the maintenance of the gut microflora population and reduce the histopathological effects when exposing to the Salmonella, which, causes the reduction of this pathogen effects and early recovery.
Clinical and Imaging Characteristics of Two COVID-19 Cluster Infections in Beijing, China: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhao Ying , Du Jingbo , Leng Qi , Li Zhenwu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: As a new infectious disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is not fully understood. During January - July 2020, there were two clusters infections in Beijing, China. This study was to analyze the features of the two COVID-19 infections in Beijing.Methods: In this retrospective single-center study, 89 cases with the positive novel coronavirus nucleic acid test were collected from January to July 2020 in Beijing. They were divided into January-March group and June-July group. Two groups of data were compared.Results: The eighty-nine cases, 47 males and 42 females, mean age (41±14 years), were used for our study. The most common symptoms were fever (46/89, 52%) and cough (34/89, 38%). The clinical classification were moderate type (56/89,63%), mild type (24/89, 27%), severe type (4/89, 4%), critical type (0), respectively. Ground glass opacity (GGO) (47%) was the majority CT pattern. The frequency of involvement of lower lobe was higher than that of upper lobe (P＜0.01). In January - March group, there were 5 patients (18%) exposure to Wuhan, 15 patients (54%) family clusters, 5 patients (18%) colleague clusters, 3 patients (11%) imported cases. In June-July group, 41 patients (68%) had an exposure to Xinfadi market of Beijing, 6 patients (10%) family clusters, and 14 patients (23%) colleague clusters. The number of patients with fever, cough, chest CT severity score and the number of lesion lung lobes in January-March group was higher than that in June-July group (P＜0.05).Conclusions: Two COVID-19 clusters were dominated moderate and mild type, but few severe types. Patients in June-July group had less symptoms, imaging and family clusters than that in January-March group. This suggested that closely monitoring, early quarantined, nucleic acid test of COVID-19 and chest CT were important measures to prevent epidemic.
A Drug Repositioning Algorithm Based on Deep Auto-Encoder and Adaptive Fusion
Authors: Chen Peng , Bao Tianjiazhi , Yu Xiaosheng , Liu Zhongtu 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Drug repositioning has aroused extensive attention by scholars at home and abroad due to its effective reduction in development cost and time of new drugs. However, the current drug repositioning based on computational analysis methods is still limited by the problems of data sparse and fusion methods, so we use autoencoders and adaptive fusion methods to calculate drug repositioning.Results: In this paper, a drug repositioning algorithm based on deep auto-encoder and adaptive fusion has been proposed against the problems of declined precision and low-efficiency multi-source data fusion caused by data sparseness. Specifically, the drug is repositioned through fusing drug-disease association, drug target protein, drug chemical structure and drug side effects. To begin with, drug feature data integrated by drug target protein and chemical structure were processed with dimension reduction via a deep auto-encoder, to obtain feature representation more densely and abstractly. On this basis, disease similarity was computed by the drug-disease association data, while drug similarity was calculated by drug feature and drug-side effect data. Besides, the predictions of drug-disease associations were calculated using a Top-k neighbor method that is more suitable for drug repositioning. Finally, a predicted matrix for drug-disease associations has been acquired upon fusing a wide variety of data via adaptive fusion. According to the experimental results, the proposed algorithm has higher precision and recall rate in comparison to DRCFFS, SLAMS and BADR algorithms that use the same data set for computation.Conclusion: our proposed algorithm contributes to studying novel uses of drugs, as can be seen from the case analysis of Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, it can provide a certain auxiliary effect for clinical trials of drug repositioning
A Nationwide Survey on the Effectiveness of Training on Endoscope Reprocessing Within the National Cancer Screening Program&nbsp;
Authors: Shin Hye Young , Jang Da Hun , Jun Jae Kwan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Training on endoscope reprocessing has been annually implemented for health practitioners working in endoscopy units of hospitals performing national gastric or colorectal cancer screening across the country, as part of the endoscopy quality improvement project. This study aimed to identify the effectiveness of endoscope reprocessing training. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, education on endoscope reprocessing was implemented 18 times across the country, from June 2019 to November 2019. A total of 1,186 participants were included and 1,132 of them answered the survey questionnaire (response rate, 95.4%). Results: Of the study participants, 45.8% had previous experience in training on endoscope reprocessing, and 87.6% of them have adhered to the endoscope reprocessing guidelines. Experience of participation in endoscope reprocessing training was significantly associated with practical adherence to endoscope reprocessing guidelines (aOR, 6.55; 95% CI, 3.93 to 10.91). The satisfaction with and need for endoscope reprocessing training were 92.7% and 95.7%, respectively. The level of knowledge and intention to adhere to endoscope reprocessing guidelines were both high (4.65 [1-5]). Conclusions: Training on endoscope reprocessing currently provided at the national level could be effective for obtaining quality control for endoscopy. However, completion of the training by actual practitioners in charge of endoscope reprocessing within the national cancer screening system remains low; thus, strategies for more aggressive training participation for them should be developed at a national level.
Base on metabolomics:analysis of the internal causes of nutrient changes in Leymus chinensis at different harvest stage
Authors: Wang wei , Zhou Tianrong , Ge Gentu , Chang Chun , Yin Qiang , Jia Yushan 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Leymus chinensis is one of most valuable forage on the native grassland for its higher nutrition content. But the local farmer often gained the worse Leymus chinensis hay due to the unfavourable harvest stage, the nutrition of Leymus chinensis was decreasing from jointing stage to solid stage for its growth characteristics , and the results showed that the crude protein (CP) decreased and the fiber content increased which will caused the nutrition of forage reduced. However, the reason for the nutrient changes in Leymus chinensis has not yet explained at the metabolic level.Results: In this research, the Leymus chinensis was harvested at two growth stage( jointing stage and solid stage). Metabolomics was used to analyze the expression changes of metabolites in the whole plant of Leymus chinensis at different harvest stage, and the metabolites were analyzed based on LC-MS/MS untargeted metabolomics. A total of 55 metabolic pathways and 119 metabolites were related to the nutritional change in Leymus chinensis. Most of the metabolites are involved in metabolic processes, including amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and acid metabolism biosynthesis. Under the action of EBF1/2 and EIN3, cysteine participates in the ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation pathway. In solid stage, the increasing content of cysteine directly promotes the ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation rate, which is manifested reduce the synthesis of crude protein (CP) in Leymus chinensis, resulting in the decreasing of Leymus chinensis nutrient quality. Carbohydrate metabolism provides raw materials for the synthesis of hemicellulose, leading to the increasing of hemicellulose. In addition, phenylalanine provides the necessary conditions for the synthesis of lignin. These are the internal factors that lead to the decline of quality of Leymus chinensis.Conclusions: This study analyzed the elucidate the relationship between the reduction in the nutritional value of Leymus chinensis and complex biological processes by the metabolomic,This study will provides a theoretical basis for producing high-quality Leymus chinensis hay and sets the stage for further research.
Elevated basal serum levels of calcitonin and simultaneous surgery of MEN2A-specific tumors
Authors: Tang Hai-Xiao , Yang Hao , Li Feng , Cao Zhi-Lie , Huang Yun-Teng , Qi Xiao-Ping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) is a rare syndrome caused almost by germline RET mutation, and characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), in combination or not with pheochromocytoma (PHEO), hyperparathyroidism (HPTH), cutaneous lichen amyloidosis (CLA) and Hirschsprung’s disease (HD). The basal serum calcitonin (Ctn)/carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels are significantly correlated with MTC stage. Metachronous surgery of MEN2A-specific tumors is a routine procedure. We aimed to explore the clinical significance of pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP) in MTC with elevated Ctn, and simultaneous surgery of MEN2A-specific tumors.
Methods
We retrospectively investigated 8 RET mutation carriers of 2 Chinese pedigrees with MEN2A. Clinical profiles, imaging examinations, preoperative and postoperative biochemical data, surgical procedures and follow-up records were evaluated.
Results
Three patients showed the levels of elevated Ctn, but normal proGRP. Among them, one patient (FAIII-6) in Family A (one for RET C634R mutation), diagnosed with bilateral MTC, left PHEO, bilateral HPTH and CLA, classified as MEN2A-related CLA subtype, underwent successfully simultaneous adrenal-sparing surgery (ASS), total thyroidectomy (TT) and parathyroidectomy, while TT of the other two patients (FBII-3 and FBIII-7) diagnosed with bilateral MTC in Family B (all for RET C618R mutation) were performed. Unexpectedly, absence of neck lymph node MTC metastasis was indicated by histopathological examination. Postoperatively, all had consistently “undetectable” or normal levels of Ctn/CEA during follow-up.
Conclusions
Patients with normal proGRP, despite high levels of Ctn, might have noregional lymph node MTC metastasis, and neck dissection should be avoided. Moreover, simultaneous surgery for coexistent PHEO, and either MTC or HPTH is an approach of choice to use as an alternative treatment pattern. Recognition of MEN2A-related CLA and subsequently early screening of RET mutation may be favorable for timely management of MEN2A-specific tumors.
Eco-friendly&nbsp;Mn-doped CsPbCl3&nbsp;Perovskite Nanocrystals Glass&nbsp;with Blue-red Emitting&nbsp;for&nbsp;Indoor Plant&nbsp;Lighting
Authors: Chen Ya , Shen Linli , Liu Jianming , Liang Xiaojuan , Xiang Weidong , Liu Jianping 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Identification and Analysis of Long Noncoding RNAs and mRNAs in Chicken Macrophages Infected With Coronavirus Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus
Authors: Li Hao , Cui Pengfei , Fu Xue , Zhang Lan , Yan Wenjun , Zhai Yaru , Lei Changwei , Wang Hongning , yang xin 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a gammacoronavirus that seriously affects the world's poultry industry Long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a subset of non coding RNAs greater than 200 nucleotides in length, have been recently recognized as pivotal factors during the pathogenesis of viral infection. However, how lncRNAs in host cul tured cells respond to IBV infection was little known. Herein, we detected the expression profiles of the mRNAs and lncRNAs in IBV infected HD11 cells. Results: By RNA seq, 2640 novel lncRNAs were identified, and 181 lncRNAs (59 up regulated lncRNAs , 122 down regulated lncRNAs) exhibited significant difference in expression levels in IBV infected HD11 cells compared with the uninfected. Based on the gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) data bases, the significant diff erentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs, such as MSTRG.25416.43, MSTRG.6458.31, MSTRG.14220.1 and MSTRG.21445.2, were mainly involved in the regulation of cellular innate immunity and amino acid, nucleic acid metabolism. In addition, 30 DE lncRNAs were screened out, and these lncRNAs may interact with gga miR 30d to regulate IBV replication. Conclusions:Our results provided novel insights into the functions of lncRNAs and the possible pathogenic mechanism following IBV infection.
Effectiveness of Teicoplanin Versus β-lactam for Bacteremia Due to Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus Aureus: A Propensity Score-Based Study
Authors: Lee Chen-Hsiang , Tsai Ching-Yen , Chen I-Ling 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background: Many studies have shown that vancomycin is inferior to β-lactam antibiotics in terms of effectiveness in the treatment of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia. However, limited data are available regarding the comparison of clinical outcomes between patients receiving initial teicoplanin and those receiving β-lactam antibiotics for MSSA bacteremia.Methods: Eighty-four adults with MSSA bacteremia were included: initial teicoplanin treatment group (n=28) and β-lactam treatment group (n=56). The two groups were further stratified based on propensity score matching according to the outcome analysis using a logistic regression model. We investigated the clinical outcomes between the groups before and after propensity score matching after treatment completion.Results: Pittsburgh bacteremia score ≥4 (odds ratio, 60.6; 95%CI, 7.4–496.8) was an independent risk factor for unfavorable outcome. After propensity score matching, the initial teicoplanin treatment group and the β-lactam treatment group consisted of 28 patients each. No statistically significant differences were observed in the proportions of patients with favorable outcomes and 30-day overall mortality rates between the groups before and after propensity score matching after the completion of teicoplanin or β-lactam treatment. The Kaplan-Meier 30-day survival curve also showed no significant difference between the patients receiving initial teicoplanin treatment and those receiving β-lactam treatment before and after matching (hazard ratio, 1.84, 95%CI, 0.60–5.64; and 3.12, 95%CI, 0.98–9.99, respectively).Conclusions: There were no significant difference in clinical outcomes between initial teicoplanin treatment and β-lactam treatment among patients with MSSA bacteremia. Pittsburgh bacteremia score ≥4 was a significant risk factor for mortality.
Extended Adverse Effects of Cyclophosphamide on Mouse Ovarian Function
Authors: Kim Jihyun , You Sooseong 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Purpose: Most patients with cancer undergo multiple administrations of anticancer drugs during treatment, resulting in chronic impairment of their reproductive health. As improved treatment options increase cancer survival, it has become increasingly important to address fertility issues in cancer survivors. In this study, we examined the pathophysiological effects of multiple exposures to cyclophosphamide (Cy) on the ovaries of mice and their underlying molecular mechanism. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with 100 mg/kg Cy six times over 2 weeks; 4 weeks later, the mice were sacrificed and their ovaries, sera, and oocytes were collected for histological observation, measurement of anti-Müllerian hormone levels, and assessment of oocyte quantity and quality in response to hormonal stimulation. Gene expression changes in Cy-treated ovaries were examined by microarray and bioinformatics analyses. Results: After repeated Cy exposure, the anti-Müllerian hormone level was decreased, and follicle loss and impairments in the quality of oocyte were irreversible. The expression levels of genes involved in folliculogenesis, oogenesis, and zona pellucida glycoprotein transcription displayed sustained alterations in Cy-exposed ovaries even after 4 weeks.Conclusion: The adverse effects of Cy on ovarian function and oocytes remained even after chemotherapy was complete. Therefore, strategies to prevent ovarian damage or restore ovarian function after treatment are required to safeguard the fertility of young cancer survivors.
miRNA-1246 in Extracellular Vesicles Secreted from Metastatic Tumor Induces Drug Resistance in Tumor Endothelial Cells
Authors: Torii Chisaho , Maishi Nako , Kawamoto Taisuke , Morimoto Masahiro , Akiyama Kosuke , Yoshioka Yusuke , Minami Takashi , Tsumita Takuya , Alam Mohammad Towfik , Ochiya Takahiro , Hida Yasuhiro , Hida Kyoko 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis of KPNA2 in Six Major Human Cancers
Authors: Liu Ming , Xiu Chaobo 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background

Malignant tumors were considered as the leading causes of mortality globally. More and more studies found that dysregulated genes played an important role in the carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to explore the significance of KPNA2 in human five major cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and bladder cancer based on bioinformatics analysis.
Methods

The data were collected and comprehensive analyzed based on multiple databases. KPNA2 mRNA expression in 6 major cancers were investigated in Oncomine, the human protein atlas and GEPIA databases. The mutation status of KPNA2 in the 6 major cancers were evaluated by online data analysis tool Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) and cBioPortal. Co-expressed genes with KPNA2 were identified by using LinkedOmics and made pairwise correlation by Cancer Regulome tools. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network relevant to KPNA2 was constructed by STRING database and KEGG pathway of the included proteins of the PPI network was explored and demonstrated by circus plot. Survival analysis relevant KPNA2 of the 6 cancers were performed by GEPIA online data analysis tool based on TCGA database.
Results

Compared with paired normal tissue, KPNA2 mRNA was up-regulated in all of the 6 type cancers. KPNA2 mutations especially missense substitution were widely identified in 6 major cancers and interact with different genes in different cancer types. Genes involved in PPI network were mainly enriched in p53 signaling pathway, cell cycle, viral carcinogenesis, Foxo signaling pathway and et c. KPNA2 protein was mainly localized to the nucleoplasm and cytosol in cancer cells. Immunohistochemistry assay indicated that KPNA2 protein was also positive expressed in nucleoplasm with brownish yellow staining. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were generally different between KPNA2 high and low expression groups.
Conclusions

KPNA2 was widely dysregulated and mutated in carcinomas and correlated with the patients prognosis which may be potential target for cancer treatment and biomarker for prognosis.
Proteomic Analysis of Pathogen-Responsive Proteins from Maize Stem Apoplast Triggered by Fusarium Verticillioides
Authors: Haseeb Hafiz Abdul , Zhang Jun , Guo Yushuang , Gao Meixu , GUO Wei 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:Plant apoplast is the frontline battlefield between the host and the invading pathogen. In response to the pathogen attack, a variety of defense-associated proteins are secreted by the host plant in the apoplast to impede the perceived attack. To better understand the plant response after Fusarium verticillioides attack, proteomic analyses of the maize apoplastic fluid was done using LC-MS/MS coupled with label-free quantification. Results:In total, 742 proteins responsive to the F. verticillioides infection were identified. Among them, 158 were differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs). Out of these 158 proteins, 35 were upregulated, and 18 were down-regulated, whereas, 65 and 40 unique proteins were identified from inoculated and un-inoculated plants, respectively. Enrichment analyses categorized the proteins into 4 pathways, and biosynthesis of amino acid was the prominent pathway followed by the metabolic pathways. Moreover, 86 DAPs were predicted as secretory proteins. The identified secreted proteins were related to a variety of pathways in defense responses, including cell redox homeostasis, cell wall modification, signal transduction, carbohydrate metabolism, and others.Conclusions:Our data suggested that the maize plants carried out a rigorous reprogramming of the proteins in the apoplastic region to cope with the attack of F. verticillioides.