bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endovascular stent repair of celiac arterial aneurysm
Authors: Xia Feng-Fei , Fan Zhen-Qiang , Huo Xiao-Bing , Fu Yu-Fei , Xu Yuan-Shun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and clinical effectiveness of endovascular stent repair of celiac arterial aneurysm (CAA).
From January 2015 to December 2018, 11 patients (7 males, 4 females with a mean age of 52.2 ± 7.9 years) underwent endovascular stent repair of CAA in our center. A covered stent was used to occlude the CAA neck. Follow-up was performed 2 weeks and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months following surgery and yearly thereafter. Rates of technical success, treatment-related complications, and long-term outcome were analyzed.
Each patient was placed with 1 stent for repair of CAA. Stent was placed in the celiac and common hepatic arteries for 10 patients and was placed in the celiac artery for 1 patient. The duration of the procedure ranged from 50 to 75 minutes (mean 63.2 ± 7.2 minutes). The rate of technical success of the endovascular stent repair was 100%. No patient experienced CAA rupture or instant endoleak during or after stent insertion. Abdominal pain was relieved progressively after stent insertion. All patients were followed-up for 6 to 48 months (mean 22.4 ± 10.8 months). All patients were alive during the follow-up. No endoleaks were experienced during follow-up with 100% stent patency rate. No patient suffered splenic, hepatic, or bowel infarction during follow-up.
Endovascular stent repair is a safe, simple, and effective treatment for patients with CAA.
A no-reference respiratory blur estimation index in nuclear medicine for image quality assessment
Authors: Morland David , Lalire Paul , Guendouzen Sofiane , Papathanassiou Dimitri , Passat Nicolas 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Few indexes are available for nuclear medicine image quality assessment, particularly for respiratory blur assessment. A variety of methods for the identification of blur parameters has been proposed in literature mostly for photographic pictures but these methods suffer from a high sensitivity to noise, making them unsuitable to evaluate nuclear medicine images. In this paper, we aim to calibrate and test a new blur index to assess image quality.
Blur index calibration was evaluated by numerical simulation for various lesions size and intensity of uptake. Calibrated blur index was then tested on gamma-camera phantom acquisitions, PET phantom acquisitions and real-patient PET images and compared to human visual evaluation.
For an optimal filter parameter of 9, non-weighted and weighted blur index led to an automated classification close to the human one in phantom experiments and identified each time the sharpest image in all the 40 datasets of 4 images. Weighted blur index was significantly correlated to human classification (ρ = 0.69 [0.45;0.84] P < .001) when used on patient PET acquisitions.
The provided index allows to objectively characterize the respiratory blur in nuclear medicine acquisition, whether in planar or tomographic images and might be useful in respiratory gating applications.
Comparison of postoperative axial stability of intraocular lens and capsulotomy parameters between precision pulse capsulotomy and continuous curvilinear capsulotomy
Authors: Bang Seung Pil , Jun Jong Hwa 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to verify the safety and stability of precision pulse capsulotomy (PPC) by comparison of the axial stability of the intraocular lens (IOL) and the capsulotomy parameters during 6 months of follow-up after cataract surgery using PPC or the conventional method (continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis, CCC).

Design:
Prospective observational study.

Setting:
Tertiary referral center.

Subjects:
Fifty nine eyes of 59 candidates for cataract surgery.

Interventions:
PPC (33 eyes) or CCC (26 eyes).

Outcome measures:
The anterior capsule opacification grade and effective lens position (ELP) were measured 1 week and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively.

Results:
No significant difference in the mean anterior capsule opacification grade or the effective lens position was found between the PPC and CCC groups at any time point; however, the standard deviation and root mean square of the effective lens position were significantly lower in the PPC group than in the CCC group during follow-up (P = .002 and P = .011, respectively). There was a significantly lower discrepancy between the intended vs achieved capsulotomy area and better circularity in the PPC group than in the CCC group at all time points.

Conclusions:
The overall variability in effective lens position was less when cataract surgery was performed using PPC than when performed using CCC. Circularity was better and had a more predictable size with PPC than with CCC.
Pleural small cell carcinoma with massive pleural effusion
Authors: Jang Jong Geol , Jang Min Hye , Ahn June Hong 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Small cell carcinoma (SCC) occurs mostly in the lung, and small cell lung cancer accounts for 13% of newly diagnosed lung cancers. Only 2.5% of SCC occurs in extrapulmonary sites, and SCC of pleural origin is especially very uncommon.

Patient concerns:
An 85-year-old man presenting with progressive dyspnea for more than 7 days.

Diagnoses:
Computed tomography scan of the chest showed massive pleural effusion and diffuse nodular thickening of the pleura on the right chest. Sonography-guided needle biopsy of the pleural mass was performed and histologic and immunohistochemical findings revealed SCC. Since no parenchymal lung lesion was observed, the patient was finally diagnosed with SCC of the pleura (SCCP).

Interventions:
Due to the patient's old age and poor performance status, chemotherapy was not performed and only drainage of pleural effusion was conducted for symptom relief.

Outcomes:
Dyspnea improved after pleural effusion drainage. The patient was discharged and transferred to a local medical center for hospice care.

Lessons:
Although primary SCCP is extremely rare, SCCP should also be considered as well as mesothelioma in case of presence of a pleural-based mass with massive pleural effusion.
Substance Use and Sexual Risk Behavior Among Male and Transgender Women Sex Workers at the Prostitution Outreach Center in Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Authors: Drückler Susanne , van Rooijen Martijn S. , de Vries Henry J.C. 
Published: November 2019

Objectives
Male and transgender women sex workers (TSWs) are vulnerable for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and substance use might be a relevant contributing factor. We assessed sociodemographic characteristics and substance use among sex workers; divided into 3 groups: Transgender women sex workers, male sex workers who have sex with men only or also with females (MSW-M), male sex workers who have sex with females only (MSW-F).

Methods
A survey on substance use and sexual (risk) behavior was offered during routine STI screening at the Prostitution and Health Centre (P&G292) in Amsterdam. Bacterial STI positivity (chlamydia (including lymphogranuloma venereum), gonorrhea, and/or infectious syphilis), and substance use were compared (χ2 test, Fisher exact test).

Results
From 2014 until 2015, 99 (60.4%) of 164 eligible visitors participated (n = 69 MSW-M [69.7%], n = 15 TSW [15.2%], and n = 15 MSW-F [15.2%]). Transgender women sex workers reported the highest number of sex partners in the previous 6 months (median: MSW-M 60 vs. TSW 300 vs. MSW-F 12; P < 0.001). The 3 groups did not differ in having condomless anal or oral sex. Bacterial STI positivity was 29.0% in MSW-M, 26.7% in TSW, and 13.3% in MSW-F (P = 0.56). Three new HIV infections were diagnosed, all in MSW-M, whereas 20.3% of MSW-M and 20.0% of TSW were known HIV-positive compared with none of MSW-F (P = 0.14). Illicit substance use during working time in <6 months was 40.5% among MSW-M, 40.0% among TSW, and 20.0% among MSW-F (P = 0.02). The most reported reason for substance use was: “sex work becomes physically easier.”

Conclusions
Bacterial STI positivity and illicit substances use during work were high in all 3 sex worker groups, emphasizing the importance of combined and targeted interventions. In-depth qualitative research is needed to better understand intentions and reasons for substance use.
Follow the Sex: Influence of Network Structure on the Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Partner Management Strategies for Sexually Transmitted Infection Control
Authors: Kao Szu-Yu Zoe , Enns Eva A. 
Published: November 2019

Background
It is well established that network structure strongly influences infectious disease dynamics. However, little is known about how the network structure impacts the cost-effectiveness of disease control strategies. We evaluated partner management strategies to address bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as a case study to explore the influence of the network structure on the optimal disease management strategy.

Methods
We simulated a hypothetical bacterial STI spread through 4 representative network structures: random, community-structured, scale-free, and empirical. We simulated disease outcomes (prevalence, incidence, total infected person-months) and cost-effectiveness of 4 partner management strategies in each network structure: routine STI screening alone (no partner management), partner notification, expedited partner therapy, and contact tracing. We determined the optimal partner management strategy following a cost-effectiveness framework and varied key compliance parameters of partner management in sensitivity analysis.

Results
For the same average number of contacts and disease parameters in our setting, community-structured networks had the lowest incidence, prevalence, and total infected person-months, whereas scale-free networks had the highest without partner management. The highly connected individuals were more likely to be reinfected in scale-free networks than in the other network structures. The cost-effective partner management strategy depended on the network structures, the compliance in partner management, the willingness-to-pay threshold, and the rate of external force of infection.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that contact network structure matters in determining the optimal disease control strategy in infectious diseases. Information on a population's contact network structure may be valuable for informing optimal investment of limited resources.
Physiology, clinical evidence and diagnostic relevance of sound-induced and vibration-induced vestibular stimulation
Authors: Curthoys Ian S. , Dlugaiczyk Julia 
Published: November 2019

Purpose of review
To examine the recent literature concerning the neural basis and clinical evidence for the response of the labyrinth to sound and vibration: vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) and vibration-induced nystagmus (VIN).

Recent findings
There are two streams of information from each otolith – a sustained stream (afferents with regular resting activity, signalling gravity and low-frequency linear accelerations) and a transient stream (afferents with irregular resting activity) signalling onset of linear acceleration, and sound and vibration. These irregular neurons are synchronized to each cycle of the stimulus. Neurons in the transient stream are tested by presenting sounds or vibration (500 Hz) and using surface electrodes to measure myogenic potentials from muscles activated by otolithic stimuli (VEMPs). 100 Hz vibration activates irregular canal afferents and causes a stimulus-locked VIN in patients with asymmetric canal function. These new tests of the transient system have one big advantage over older tests of the sustained system – they reliably show the effect of long-term unilateral vestibular loss.

Summary
The new physiological and anatomical evidence shows how sound and vibration activate otolith and canal receptors and so provides the scientific foundation for VEMPs and VIN, which are important tools for diagnosing vestibular disorders.

Video abstract

http://links.lww.com/CONR/A47.
Eye movements in demyelinating, autoimmune and metabolic disorders
Authors: Kattah Jorge C. , Zee David S. 
Published: November 2019

Purpose of review
In the last three decades, the use of eye movements and vestibular testing in many neurological disorders has accelerated, primarily because of practical technologic developments. Although the acute vestibular syndrome is a prime example of this progress, more chronic neurologic and systemic disorders have received less attention. We focus here on recent contributions relating vestibular and ocular motor abnormalities in inflammatory, demyelinating, metabolic, and peripheral nervous system disorders

Recent findings
Vestibular abnormalities have been identified in acute demyelinating neuropathies (AIDP), in novel genetic mutations responsible for CANVAS (cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy vestibular areflexia syndrome), and in other inherited neuropathies (variants of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease). In addition, there are differentiating characteristics between the most common CNS demyelinating disorders: multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica (NMO). We summarize new information on Vitamin D metabolism in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), followed by a brief review of the vestibular and ocular motor findings in Wernicke's encephalopathy. We conclude with findings in several paraneoplastic/autoimmune disorders.

Summary
This literature review highlights the impact of a careful vestibular and ocular motor evaluation in common neurologic disorder, not only for the initial diagnosis but also for monitoring disease and rehabilitation. A careful examination of eye movements and vestibular function, supplemented with new video techniques to quantify the findings, should be part of the standard neurologic examination.
Interpretable AI for beat-to-beat cardiac function assessment
Authors: Ouyang David , He Bryan , Ghorbani Amirata , Langlotz Curt P. , Heidenreich Paul A. , Harrington Robert A. , Liang David H. , Ashley Euan A. , Zou James Y. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractAccurate assessment of cardiac function is crucial for diagnosing cardiovascular disease1, screening for cardiotoxicity2,3, and deciding clinical management in patients with critical illness4. However human assessment of cardiac function focuses on a limited sampling of cardiac cycles and has significant interobserver variability despite years of training2,5,6. To overcome this challenge, we present the first beat-to-beat deep learning algorithm that surpasses human expert performance in the critical tasks of segmenting the left ventricle, estimating ejection fraction, and assessing cardiomyopathy. Trained on echocardiogram videos, our model accurately segments the left ventricle with a Dice Similarity Coefficient of 0.92, predicts ejection fraction with mean absolute error of 4.1%, and reliably classifies heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (AUC of 0.97). Prospective evaluation with repeated human measurements confirms that our model has less variance than experts. By leveraging information across multiple cardiac cycles, our model can identify subtle changes in ejection fraction, is more reproducible than human evaluation, and lays the foundation for precise diagnosis of cardiovascular disease. As a new resource to promote further innovation, we also make publicly available one of the largest medical video dataset of over 10,000 annotated echocardiograms.Key PointsVideo based deep learning evaluation of cardiac ultrasound accurately identifies cardiomyopathy and predict ejection fraction, the most common metric of cardiac function.Using human tracings obtained during standard clinical workflow, deep learning semantic segmentation accurately labels the left ventricle frame-by-frame, including in frames without prior human annotation.Computational cardiac function analysis allows for beat-by-beat assessment of ejection fraction, which more accurately assesses cardiac function in patients with atrial fibrillation, arrhythmias, and heart rate variability.
Phoenix Enhancer: proteomics data mining using clustered spectra
Authors: Bai Mingze , Qin Chunyuan , Shu Kunxian , Griss Johannes , Perez-Riverol Yasset , Zhu Weimin , Hermjakob Henning 
Published: November 2019

AbstractMotivationSpectrum clustering has been used to enhance proteomics data analysis: some originally unidentified spectra can potentially be identified and individual peptides can be evaluated to find potential mis-identifications by using clusters of identified spectra. The Phoenix Enhancer provides an infrastructure to analyze tandem mass spectra and the corresponding peptides in the context of previously identified public data. Based on PRIDE Cluster data and a newly developed pipeline, four functionalities are provided: i) evaluate the original peptide identifications in an individual dataset, to find low confidence peptide spectrum matches (PSMs) which could correspond to mis-identifications; ii) provide confidence scores for all originally identified PSMs, to help users evaluate their quality (complementary to getting a global false discovery rate); iii) identify potential new PSMs for originally unidentified spectra; and iv) provide a collection of browsing and visualization tools to analyze and export the results. In addition to the web based service, the code is open-source and easy to re-deploy on local computers using Docker containers.AvailabilityThe service of Phoenix Enhancer is available at http://enhancer.ncpsb.org. All source code is freely available in GitHub (https://github.com/phoenix-cluster/) and can be deployed in the Cloud and HPC architectures.Contactbaimz@cqupt.edu.cnSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available online.
Expanded huntingtin CAG repeats disrupt the balance between neural progenitor expansion and differentiation in human cerebral organoids
Authors: Zhang Jinqiu , Ooi Jolene , Utami Kagistia Hana , Langley Sarah R. , Aning Obed Akwasi , Park Dong Shin , Renner Magdalena , Ma Shiming , Cheok Chit Fang , Knoblich Juergen A. , Ginhoux Florent , Petretto Enrico , Pouladi Mahmoud A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHuntington disease (HD) manifests in both adult and juvenile forms. Mutant HTT gene carriers are thought to undergo normal brain development followed by a degenerative phase, resulting in progressive clinical manifestations. However, recent studies in children and prodromal individuals at risk for HD have raised the possibility of abnormal neurodevelopment. Although key findings in rodent models support this notion, direct evidence in the context of human physiology remains lacking. Using a panel of isogenic HD human embryonic pluripotent stem cells and cerebral organoids, we investigated the impact of mutant HTT on early neurodevelopment. We find that ventricular zone-like neuroepithelial progenitor layer expansion is blunted in an HTT CAG repeat length-dependent manner due to premature neurogenesis in HD cerebral organoids, driven by cell intrinsic processes. Transcriptional profiling and imaging analysis revealed impaired cell cycle regulatory processes, increased G1 length, and increased asymmetric division of apical progenitors, collectively contributing to premature neuronal differentiation. We demonstrate increased activity of the ATM-p53 pathway, an up-stream regulator of cell cycle processes, and show that treatment with ATM antagonists partially rescues the blunted neuroepithelial progenitor expansion in HD organoids. Our findings suggest that CAG repeat length regulates the balance between neural progenitor expansion and differentiation during early neurodevelopment. Our results further support the view that HD, at least in its early-onset forms, may not be a purely neurodegenerative disorder, and that abnormal neurodevelopment may be a component of HD pathophysiology.
A one-step biofunctionalization strategy of electrospun scaffolds enables spatially selective presentation of biological cues
Authors: Wieringa Paul , Girao Andre , Truckenmuller Roman , Welle Alexander , Micera Silvestro , van Wezel Richard , Moroni Lorenzo 
Published: November 2019

AbstractTo recapitulate the heterogeneous complexity of tissues in our body with synthetic mimics of the extracellular matrix (ECM), it is important to develop methods that can easily allow the selective functionalization of defined spatial domains. Here, we introduce a facile method to functionalize microfibrillar meshes with different reactive groups able to bind biological moieties in a one-step reaction. The resulting scaffolds proved to selectively support a differential neurite growth after being seeded with dorsal root ganglia. Considering the general principles behind the method developed, this is a promising strategy to realize enhanced biomimicry of native ECM for different regenerative medicine applications.
Self-Organization of Whole Gene Expression through Coordinated Chromatin Structural Transition: Validation of Self-Organized Critical Control of Genome Expression
Authors: Zimatore Giovanna , Tsuchiya Masa , Hashimoto Midori , Kasperski Andrzej , Giuliani Alessandro 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThrough our studies on whole genome regulation, we have demonstrated the existence of self-organized critical control (SOC) of whole gene expression - genomic self-organization mechanism through the emergence of a critical point (CP) at both the cell population and single cell level. In this paper, based on HRG and EGF-stimulated MCF-7 breast-cancer cell line, we shed light on the origin of critical transitions stemming from coordinated chromatin remodeling. In so doing, we validated the core of the SOC control mechanism through the application of a non-linear signal analysis technique (Recurrence Quantification Analysis: RQA), and of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The main findings were:Transcriptional co-regulation follows a strong and invariant exponential decay as between gene spacing along the chromosome is increased. This shows that the co-regulation occurs on a mainly positional basis reflecting local chromatin organization.There are two main fluctuation modes on the top of the cell-kind specific gene expression values spanning the entire genome expression. These modes establish an autonomous genomic critical control system (genome-engine) through the activation of the CP for cell-fate guiding critical transitions revealed by SOC analysis.The elucidation of the link between spatial position on chromosome and co-regulation together with the identification of specific locations on the genome devoted to the generalization of perturbation stimuli, give a molecular basis to the self-organization dynamics of genome expression and cell-fate decision.
Accumulation of 137Cs in Insects - Herpetobiont Integuments
Authors: Monoshyn D. , Rudchenko L. , Shupova T. , Gaychenko V. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe study of the radioactivity of insects - herpetobiont elytra that belong to different trophic groups shown the presence of incorporated 137Cs, there were concentrated about 20% of total animal radioactivity. The comparison of the radionuclide comparison was done in both dried and fresh samples. Radioactive contamination of integument comes mainly from the terminal phase of metamorphosis (at the ninth phase).