bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspektiven hochschulexterner Interessenvertreter zur curricularen Implementierung eines Clinical Skills Lab in der Tiermedizin
Authors: Heimes Michel , Tipold Andrea , Dilly Marc 
Published: October 2020

Zusammenfassung
Gegenstand und Ziel Die simulationsbasierte Lehre hat in der tiermedizinischen Ausbildung weltweit immer mehr Bedeutung und ist mittlerweile in Form von Skills Labs ein fester Bestandteil an allen deutschen tiermedizinischen Bildungsstätten. Studierende und Dozierende der Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover (TiHo) zeigten eine gute Akzeptanz für den Aufbau und die curriculare Nutzung eines Clinical Skills Lab (CSL). Weiterführend sollen nun die Perspektiven hochschulexterner Interessenvertreter untersucht werden, um die Akzeptanz einer solchen Einrichtung unter klinisch tätigen Tierärzten/-innen zu erfassen. Zusätzlich werden durch die Befragung von Experten/-innen deren Erfahrungen bei der Implementierung eines CSL in die tiermedizinische Lehre berücksichtigt.
Material und Methoden Es wurden semistrukturierte Leitfadeninterviews mit Alumni der TiHo, mit leitenden Tierärzten/-innen verschiedener Kliniken und Praxen in Deutschland sowie mit leitenden Experten/-innen einiger der größten tiermedizinischen CSLs weltweit durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Die Interviews zeigten einen Bedarf bei leitenden Tierärzten/-innen und Alumni nach einer Verbesserung der klinisch-praktischen Ausbildung von Tiermedizinstudierenden und die Befragten konnten sich vorstellen, dass die Lehre im CSL hierbei eine tragende Rolle spielen könne. Insgesamt plädierten die Teilnehmenden für eine verpflichtende Implementierung simulationsbasierter Lehre im Curriculum.
Schlussfolgerung Die Untersuchung legt nahe, dass die Ausbildung klinisch-praktischer Fertigkeiten von Studierenden der Tiermedizin laufend an die Anforderungen der klinischen tierärztlichen Berufstätigkeit angepasst werden sollte. Hochschulexterne Interessenvertreter scheinen den Einsatz eines CSL zur Verbesserung der entsprechenden Fertigkeiten zu unterstützen und eine weitergehende Implementierung in das Curriculum zu befürworten.
Lafora-Erkrankung bei einem Beagle – Diagnose und Therapie
Authors: Bart Karin , Kershaw Olivia , Gruber Achim D. , Deutschland Martin 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungDie Lafora-Erkrankung ist eine autosomal-rezessiv vererbte lysosomale Speicherkrankheit, bei der es zur Akkumulation neurotoxischer Glykogenprodukte überwiegend in Zellen des zentralen Nervensystems, aber auch anderer Organe kommt. Symptome in Form einer progressiven myoklonischen Epilepsie treten typischerweise um das 7. Lebensjahr auf. Eine ursächliche Therapie ist nicht möglich, zumindest anfänglich können die Symptome mit modernen Antiepileptika vermindert werden. Im vorliegenden Fall zeigte ein ca. 7-jähriger Beagle tagesformabhängige Faszikulationen, fokale und generalisierte Myoklonien bis hin zum kurzen tonisch-klonischen Krampfanfall. Die Symptomatik ließ sich durch Stress, Geräusche und Licht auslösen und verstärken. Zur Sicherung der klinischen Diagnose einer Lafora-Erkrankung wurden Proben aus Haut-, Leber-, Muskel- und Nervengewebe entnommen. In den Muskelbioptaten gelang der Nachweis der Lafora-typischen sarkoplasmatisch PAS-positiven, scholligen Ablagerungen. In den Bioptaten der anderen Gewebe fehlten die typischen Einschlüsse. Eine anfängliche Therapie mit Phenobarbital und Imepitoin war erfolglos. Durch die Therapie mit Levetiracetam konnten die klinischen Symptome deutlich reduziert werden. Zum Zeitpunkt der Manuskripterstellung, 2 Jahre nach Diagnosestellung, wies der 9-jährige Hund gelegentliche, stressinduziert gehäufte fokale Myoklonien auf. Zu einem Kollaps mit Seitenlage oder einem tonisch-klonischen Krampfanfall kam es nicht mehr.
Flash glucose monitoring in diabetic dogs: a feasible method for evaluating glycemic control
Authors: Zeugswetter Florian K. , Sellner Andrea 
Published: October 2020

ZusammenfassungGegenstand und Ziel Zur Reduktion der klinischen Symptome und zur Verhinderung von lebensbedrohlichen Komplikationen sind bei Hunden mit Diabetes mellitus individualisierte Behandlungsstrategien und regelmäßige Kontrollen notwendig. Sieben bis 14 Tage nach jeder Anpassung der Insulindosierung und danach monatlich wird das Erstellen von Blutglukose-Tagesprofilen empfohlen. Im Jahr 2016 wurde ein herstellerkalibriertes Gerät zur kontinuierlichen Glukosemessung als Alternative zur Messung mittels Glukometer vorgeschlagen. Ziel dieser Arbeit war, die Erfahrungen mit dieser neuen Technologie zusammenzufassen und zu zeigen, dass bereits die erste Messperiode in Kombination mit einfachen Regeln eine Verbesserung der glykämischen Kontrolle ermöglicht.Material und Methoden Das elektronische Datensystem der endokrinen Einheit der Klinik wurde retrospektiv auf diabetische Hunde mit Flash-Glukose-Monitoring durchsucht. Bei multipler Sensorapplikation fand nur der erste Sensor Berücksichtigung. Die Aufzeichnungen von Tag A (1. Tag nach Sensorapplikation) wurden mit den Werten von Tag B (letzter Tag vor dem Sensorversagen) verglichen und alle Besitzer wurden gebeten, einen standardisierten Fragebogen auszufüllen.Ergebnisse In die Studie wurden 24 Hunde mit einem Gewicht von 3,4 bis 36 kg eingeschlossen. Obwohl das Klickgeräusch bei der Platzierung des Sensors die meisten Hunde irritierte, beurteilten Anwender die Applikation als einfach und für die Hunde schmerzlos. Eine kurze Pause nach der lokalen Desinfektion und die Fixierung des Sensors mit einer Pinzette verhinderten ein vorzeitiges Ablösen des Sensors beim Wegziehen des Applikators. Obwohl bei 80 % der Hunde milde bis moderate Hautirritationen beobachtet wurden, waren 95 % der Besitzer mit dieser Form des Monitorings hoch zufrieden. Die mittleren und maximalen Glukosekonzentrationen (p = 0,043, p = 0,003) sowie die Glukosewerte ≥ 11,1 mmol/l (p = 0,032) nahmen von Tag A zu Tag B ab, während die Parameter der glykämischen Variabilität unverändert blieben.Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Flash-Glukose-Monitoring ist eine praktikable, nebenwirkungsarme Methode mit hoher Besitzerzufriedenheit, mit der sich die glykämische Kontrolle bei diabetischen Hunden verbessern lässt.
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia with Intrathoracic Renal Ectopia: Thoracoscopic Approach for a Complete Anatomical Repair
Authors: Mizzi Colin , Farrugia David , Choudhry Muhammad S. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractCongenital diaphragmatic herniae (CDH) with associated intrathoracic ectopic kidneys are rare congenital anomalies, with a reported incidence of only 0.25%. The authors report a case of a 24-day-old baby girl who was diagnosed with a left-sided CDH on a chest X-ray taken for pneumonia. Computed tomography scan showed CDH hernia, containing small and large bowel and whole left kidney with adrenal gland. Thoracoscopic reduction in the bowel, kidney, and adrenal gland into the abdomen and primary closure of the defect was achieved with no complications. During investigation of the child, it was discovered that her maternal aunt had also had a left-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia containing the kidney, which was treated via open surgery after birth; she subsequently developed renal cell carcinoma and required radical nephrectomy of that kidney during her third decade.
Radiosurgery for Sporadic Benign Synchronous Tumors of the Cerebellopontine Angle
Authors: Mindermann Thomas , Heckl Stefan 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Background Synchronous cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumors are a rare entity. Several publications refer to surgery for such tumors and their classification. Yet, there are no publications on upfront radiosurgery for synchronous CPA tumors.
Case Description The authors present two patients with sporadic synchronous benign CPA tumors who underwent upfront radiosurgery. One patient had two separate schwannomas of the CPA and the other had a schwannoma and a meningioma of the CPA. One patient underwent stepwise radiosurgery treating one tumor after another and the other patient underwent simultaneous radiosurgery for both tumors at the same time.
Conclusion Simultaneous and stepwise radiosurgery for synchronous CPA tumors seems to be safe and effective. There were no side effects or complications. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on upfront radiosurgery for synchronous CPA tumors.
Removal of Ingested Magnetic Bodies via Laparoscopic Appendectomy
Authors: Dotlacil Vojtech , Frybova Barbora , Vyhnanek Martin , Zeman Lubos , Rygl Michal 
Published: October 2020

AbstractIngestion of a foreign body is a frequent diagnosis in the pediatric population. In a small percentage of cases, foreign bodies themselves are strong magnets, and swallowing of multiple magnetic bodies can lead to serious complications in the gastrointestinal tract. Two consecutive case reports of patients who swallowed two magnetic beads are presented. In both cases, the abdominal radiograph described two magnets in contact, one in the area of the left hypochondrium and one in the right hypogastrium. Attempts of endoscopic localization and removal were unsuccessful. Due to the failure of magnet progression, laparoscopic revision of the abdominal cavity was indicated in both patients on the 25th and 4th day after swallowing. Using the magnetic forces between the magnets and the laparoscopic instruments, the foreign bodies were localized in the appendix of the first patient and in the cecum of the other one. The magnets were extracted together with the removal of the appendix in both patients. This is one of the first articles describing the successful extraction of foreign magnetic bodies from the gastrointestinal tract via laparoscopic appendectomy.
Indian Society of Vascular and Interventional Radiology Expert Consensus Statements for Ablation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Part II
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Keshava Shyamkumar N. , Kalra Naveen , Chaluvashetty Sreedhara B. , Mukund Amar , Roy-Choudhury Shuvro H. , Baijal Sanjay Saran , Khandelwal Anubhav , Ananthashayana Venkatesh Hosur , R. Sathya Narayanan , Kulkarni Suyash S. , Shetty Nitin Sudhakar , Gupta Arun , Gupta Sanjay 
Published: October 2020

AbstractLocoregional therapies play an important role in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Percutaneous ablation is one of the most commonly employed nonsurgical methods for treating very early and early HCC. For small HCC, ablation is potentially curative and competes with surgical resection. The widespread availability and the spectrum of ablative techniques mandate uniform approach among interventional radiologists. Thus, it is desirable to have a consensus regarding various aspects of the liver ablation. This article represents a consensus document of the experts from the Indian Society of Vascular and Interventional Radiology involved in the care of patients with HCC. The statements are presented in two parts.
Sulodexide versus Control and the Risk of Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Events: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Bikdeli Behnood , Chatterjee Saurav , Kirtane Ajay J. , Parikh Sahil A. , Andreozzi Giuseppe M. , Desai Nihar R. , Francese Dominic P. , Gibson C Michael , Piazza Gregory , Goldhaber Samuel Z. , Eikelboom John W. , Krumholz Harlan M. , Stone Gregg W. 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThrombotic cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction [MI], stroke, and venous thromboembolism [VTE]) remains a major cause of death and disability. Sulodexide is an oral glycosaminoglycan containing heparan sulfate and dermatan sulfate. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the cardiovascular efficacy, and safety of sulodexide versus control in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for RCTs reporting cardiovascular outcomes in patients receiving sulodexide versus control (placebo or no treatment). Outcomes included all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, MI, stroke, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, and bleeding. We used inverse variance random-effects models with odds ratio (OR) as the effect measure. After screening 360 records, 6 RCTs including 7,596 patients (median follow-up duration: 11.6 months) were included. Patients were enrolled for history of MI, VTE, peripheral arterial disease, or cardiovascular risk factors plus nephropathy. Use of sulodexide compared with control was associated with reduced odds of all-cause mortality (OR 0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52–0.85, p = 0.001), cardiovascular mortality (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.22–0.89, p = 0.02), and MI (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51–0.96, p = 0.03), and nonsignificantly reduced odds of stroke (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.45–1.35, p = 0.38). Sulodexide was associated with significantly reduced odds of VTE (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.24–0.81, p = 0.008), including DVT (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.26–0.65, p < 0.001), but not pulmonary embolism (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.40–2.15, p = 0.86). Bleeding events were not significantly different in the two groups (OR 1.14, 95% CI 0.47–2.74, p = 0.48). In six RCTs across a variety of clinical indications, use of sulodexide compared with placebo or no treatment was associated with reduced odds of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, MI, and DVT, without a significant increase in bleeding. Additional studies with this agent are warranted.
Evaluation of 2% Chlorhexidine and 2% Sodium Fluoride as Endodontic Irrigating Solutions on Root Dentine Microhardness: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Kulkarni Sangeeta , Mustafa Mohammed , Ghatole Kiran , AlQahtani Ali Robaian , I. Asiri Faris Yahya , Alghomlas Ziyad Ibrahim , Alothman Tameem Abdullah , Alhajri Fawaz Fahad 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) and 2% sodium fluoride (NaF) as endodontic irrigants on microhardness of root dentin.
Materials and Methods In this in vitro study, access cavity and root canal preparations were done on 24 freshly extracted anterior teeth. After sectioning into 24 dentin discs using hard tissue microtome in 2 mm thickness, all samples were immersed in solutions of 17% ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) (2 minutes) followed by 2.5% of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (10 minutes). Then samples were randomly divided into three groups based on the irrigant used: Group I: saline (control group); Group II: 2% NaF; Group III: 2% CHG for two minutes each. Dentin microhardness was measured before (pretreatment), during (after treatment with 17% EDTA and 2.5% NaOCl), and after the experimental period (after treatment with saline, 2% NaF, and 2% CHG) using a Vickers indenter. Statistical evaluation of the data was done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Student’s t-test, and the values are tabulated.
Results Specimens rinsed in 2% CHG showed a significant increase in Vickers hardness number (VHN) values (p < 0.05), as compared with EDTA and NaOCl groups, whereas saline and 2% NaF groups showed no significant difference.
Conclusions NaF did not show any significant effect on microhardness of the root dentin. CHG as an irrigant was seen to have a strengthening effect on dentin microhardness in comparison to NaOCl and EDTA, which has decreased the strength of root dentin.
Interpreting public policy dilemmas: discourse analytical insights
Authors: Wash Ian 
Published: October 2020

AbstractThis article explains the value of discourse analysis for interpreting the construction and resolution of policy dilemmas in the field of international education. Its case material is drawn from official documents relating to international education policy, published by global bodies such as the United Nations and World Bank from 2000 to 2018, explored with two purposes in mind. The first is empirical, the analysis revealing how a dominant ‘liberal’ model governing international education was discursively constructed as a grand narrative about the purpose and intended outcomes in international education. This is achieved by applying an interpretive discourse analytical approach, customised for this particular policy puzzle, to the international education corpus. The article’s second purpose is methodological, to reflect on the various criticisms and supposed limitations of using discourse analysis as a tool of public policy analysis. This part of the article argues that the discourse approach can equip analysts with a reliable tool-kit for carrying out research into the subtle and often unrecognised ways in which ideas and beliefs inform global education policy practices. A systematic discourse analysis reveals the tensions and sometimes conflicting meanings that elite decision-makers possess about international education. Ultimately, it is argued that the discourse approach can offer both empirical insights and a range of policy recommendations from a discourse analysis that destabilises the dominant ‘liberal’ narrative about international education in the relevant documents.
Deep learning-based medical image segmentation with limited labels
Authors: Chi Weicheng , Ma Lin , Wu Junjie , Chen Mingli , Lu Weiguo , Gu Xuejun 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Deep learning (DL)-based auto-segmentation has the potential for accurate organ delineation in radiotherapy applications but requires large amounts of clean labeled data to train a robust model. However, annotating medical images is extremely time-consuming and requires clinical expertise, especially for segmentation that demands voxel-wise labels. On the other hand, medical images without annotations are abundant and highly accessible. To alleviate the influence of the limited number of clean labels, we propose a weakly supervised DL training approach using deformable image registration (DIR)-based annotations, leveraging the abundance of unlabeled data. We generate pseudo-contours by utilizing DIR to propagate atlas contours onto abundant unlabeled images and train a robust DL-based segmentation model. With 10 labeled TCIA dataset and 50 unlabeled CT scans from our institution, our model achieved Dice similarity coefficient of 87.9%, 73.4%, 73.4%, 63.2% and 61.0% on mandible, left & right parotid glands and left & right submandibular glands of TCIA test set and competitive performance on our institutional clinical dataset and a third party (PDDCA) dataset. Experimental results demonstrated the proposed method outperformed traditional multi-atlas DIR methods and fully supervised limited data training and is promising for DL-based medical image segmentation application with limited annotated data.
Combined dual energy and iterative metal artefact reduction for PET/CT in head and neck cancer
Authors: Kovacs D G , Ladefoged C N , Berthelsen A K , Fischer B M , Andersen F L 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
Metal artefacts in PET/CT images hamper diagnostic accuracy in head and neck cancer (HNC). The aim of this study is to characterise the clinical effects of metal artefacts on PET/CT in HNC and to inform decision-making concerning implementation of MAR techniques. We study a combined dual energy CT and inpainting-based metal artefact reduction (DECT-I-MAR) technique for PET/CT in three settings: (A) A dental phantom with a removable amalgam-filled tooth to evaluate the PET error in comparison to a known reference. (B) PET-positive patients with metallic implants to demonstrate the relationship between CT metal artefacts and PET error. (C) Metabolic tumour volumes delineated in PET-positive patients with metal implants to evaluate the clinical impact. In (A) DECT-I-MAR reduced the PET error significantly. In (B) we demonstrate an increasing PET error with increasing CT artefact severity in patients. In (C) it is shown that the presence of artefacts in the same axial slices as the tumour significantly decreases biomarker stability and increase delineation variability. This work shows the practical feasibility of DECT-I-MAR-based PET/CT imaging, and indicates a positive clinical impact of using the technique routinely for HNC patients. The impact of CT artefacts on PET is considerable, especially in workflows where quantitative PET biomarkers and tumour volumes are used. In such cases, and for patients with tumours in proximity of metals, we recommend that a MAR technique for PET/CT is employed.
Omega transition accompanied by mechanically-induced twinned martensite
Authors: Du P J , Li Y J , Misra R D K , Wu D 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
We present here an analysis on omega transition process during martensitic transformation. Martensitic transformation occurred during deformation at room temperature, avoiding the influence of auto-tempering on metastable omega phase. Based on the crystallographic relationships of twinned crystals, the twin interface of twinned martensite was characterized by considering the effect of direction of incidence electron beam on diffraction patterns through pole figures. Omega phase only existed at the boundaries of twinned martensite with single variant. It was proposed that lattice invariant twin shear during the dynamic transformation of twinned martensite promoted the formation of omega phase.
Lanthanum and strontium modified bismuth ferrite based perovskites with ultra-narrow band gaps
Authors: Ning Huanpo , Yu Jian 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
The wide optical band gaps of ferroelectric perovskite oxides have restricted their light absorbing capacities in the photovoltaic devices. In this work, an ultra-narrow band gap E
g and wide optical absorption across the ultraviolet-visible-infrared sunlight spectrum was achieved in lanthanum and strontium atoms modified Bi(Fe, Mn)O3 perovskites by chemical substitution and defect engineering. XRD results show that the A and B site co-substituted samples are single phase. The XPS characterizations indicate the Fe ions are in the trivalent state for all the samples. The LM6 and SM6 samples exhibit an ultra-narrow band gap about 1.26 eV and 1.06 eV, respectively. The reduced E

g
was due to the defect states produced within the band gap, acting as a scaffold to give electrons to Fe 3d states and receive the electrons from O 2p states. Based on this research, these chemically modified BFO based perovskite could potentially extend its sunlight absorption deep into the infrared region.
An ultra-thin quad-band metamaterial inspired absorber using symmetric bent-arrow shaped resonator for sensing and imaging in defense applications
Authors: Singh Raghvenda Kumar , Gupta Ashish , Sharma Anand , Tyagi Utkarsh , Gupta Nishchay , Yadav Akash 
Published: October 2020

Abstract
In this paper, a novel compact quad-band polarization insensitive metamaterial absorber has been proposed to be employable in the microwave frequency regime. The unit-cell geometry comprises of four symmetric bent-arrow shaped resonators, where each arrow has been bounded by an open ring. The resultant structure is further surrounded by a closed ring to obtain an extra resonance band. Full-wave simulation with normal incidence depicts quad-band operation with absorption peaks at 3.24 GHz (S-band), 6.55 GHz (C-band), 15.22 GHz (Ku-Band), 15.94 GHz (Ku-band) and absorptivity levels of 99.57%, 99.94%, 96.10%, 98.65% correspondingly. It also shows full width half maximum (FWHM) bandwidth of 100 MHz, 200 MHz and 1210 MHz in the first, second and third bands respectively. Furthermore, the proposed structure is based on four-fold symmetry therefore exhibits polarization-insensitive behaviour unlike conventional absorbers. The structure is fabricated on 1 mm FR4 Glass Epoxy substrate equivalent to 0.0108 λ
0 hence, can be used as absorber coating for planar surfaces. The designed absorber has been fabricated and experimental results were in good agreement with the simulated responses enabling its wide application in various technologies like stealth technology, radar cross section reduction, anechoic chambers, electromagnetic interference/electromagnetic compatibility, and radio frequency identification.