bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparison of risk factors for breech presentation in preterm and term labor: a nationwide, population-based case–control study
Authors: Toijonen Anna E. , Heinonen Seppo T. , Gissler Mika V. M. , Macharey Georg 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
To determine if the common risks for breech presentation at term labor are also eligible in preterm labor.

Methods
A Finnish cross-sectional study included 737,788 singleton births (24–42 gestational weeks) during 2004–2014. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the risks of breech presentation.

Results
The incidence of breech presentation at delivery decreased from 23.5% in pregnancy weeks 24–27 to 2.5% in term pregnancies. In gestational weeks 24–27, preterm premature rupture of membranes was associated with breech presentation. In 28–31 gestational weeks, breech presentation was associated with maternal pre-eclampsia/hypertension, preterm premature rupture of membranes, and fetal birth weight below the tenth percentile. In gestational weeks 32–36, the risks were advanced maternal age, nulliparity, previous cesarean section, preterm premature rupture of membranes, oligohydramnios, birth weight below the tenth percentile, female sex, and congenital anomaly. In term pregnancies, breech presentation was associated with advanced maternal age, nulliparity, maternal hypothyroidism, pre-gestational diabetes, placenta praevia, premature rupture of membranes, oligohydramnios, congenital anomaly, female sex, and birth weight below the tenth percentile.

Conclusion
Breech presentation in preterm labor is associated with obstetric risk factors compared to cephalic presentation. These risks decrease linearly with the gestational age. In moderate to late preterm delivery, breech presentation is a high-risk state and some obstetric risk factors are yet visible in early preterm delivery. Breech presentation in extremely preterm deliveries has, with the exception of preterm premature rupture of membranes, similar clinical risk profiles as in cephalic presentation.
Characterisation of a New Human Alveolar Macrophage-Like Cell Line (Daisy)
Authors: Sadofsky Laura R. , Hayman Yvette A. , Vance Jesse , Cervantes Jorge L. , Fraser Simon D. , Wilkinson Holly N. , Williamson James D. , Hart Simon P. , Morice Alyn H. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
There is currently no true macrophage cell line and in vitro experiments requiring these cells currently require mitogenic stimulation of a macrophage precursor cell line (THP-1) or ex vivo maturation of circulating primary monocytes. In this study, we characterise a human macrophage cell line, derived from THP-1 cells, and compare its phenotype to the THP-1 cells.

Methods
THP-1 cells with and without mitogenic stimulation were compared to the newly derived macrophage-like cell line (Daisy) using microscopy, flow cytometry, phagocytosis assays, antigen binding assays and gene microarrays.

Results
We show that the cell line grows predominantly in an adherent monolayer. A panel of antibodies were chosen to investigate the cell surface phenotype of these cells using flow cytometry. Daisy cells expressed more CD11c, CD80, CD163, CD169 and CD206, but less CD14 and CD11b compared with mitogen-stimulated THP-1 cells. Unlike stimulated THP-1 cells which were barely able to bind immune complexes, Daisy cells showed large amounts of immune complex binding. Finally, although not statistically significant, the phagocytic ability of Daisy cells was greater than mitogen-stimulated THP-1 cells, suggesting that the cell line is more similar to mature macrophages.

Conclusions
The observed phenotype suggests that Daisy cells are a good model of human macrophages with a phenotype similar to human alveolar macrophages.
Tissue factor activity on microvesicles from cancer patients
Authors: Ender Fanny , Freund Annika , Quecke Tabea , Steidel Corinna , Zamzow Piet , von Bubnoff Nikolas , Gieseler Frank 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
The expression of active tissue factor (TF) on the surface of microvesicles (MVs) is essential for the activation of the coagulation system and transduction of the signaling pathways in cancer cells. In its use as a biomarker for cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE), TF has shown high expression variability. As a contribution to this discussion, we present a study investigating plasma samples from patients with various progressive tumors at high risk for VTE.

Methods
Based on our previous study uncovering microvesicles (MVs), the larger ectosome-like extracellular vesicles (EV), as the major source of TF activity in EV preparations, we now determined TF activity on enriched MVs isolated from plasma of cancer patients and compared it with that on MVs from healthy individuals.

Results
We found considerably higher amounts of MVs as well as higher levels of MV-bound TF activities in the plasma of cancer patients. We also show that preparations from plasma of cancer patients have the potency to induce ERK phosphorylation in a human tumor cell line through proteinase-activated receptor two (PAR2) activation.

Conclusion
We suggest that MVs instead of whole EV preparations, and TF activity rather than its antigenic quantification should be used in clinical studies for identifying patients with progressive tumors at high risk for VTE.

Graphic abstract
Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy: the SICE (Società Italiana di Chirurgia Endoscopica e Nuove Tecnologie) network prospective trial on 1225 cases comparing intra corporeal versus extra corporeal ileo-colic side-to-side anastomosis
Authors: Anania Gabriele , Agresta Ferdinando , Artioli Elena , Rubino Serena , Resta Giuseppe , Vettoretto Nereo , Petz Wanda Luisa , Bergamini Carlo , Arezzo Alberto , Valpiani Giorgia , Morotti Chiara , Silecchia Gianfranco ,   SICE CoDIG (Colon Dx Italian Group)
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
While laparoscopic approach for right hemicolectomy (LRH) is considered appropriate for the surgical treatment of both malignant and benign diseases of right colon, there is still debate about how to perform the ileo-colic anastomosis. The ColonDxItalianGroup (CoDIG) was designed as a cohort, observational, prospective, multi-center national study with the aims of evaluating the surgeons’ attitude regarding the intracorporeal (ICA) or extra-corporeal (ECA) anastomotic technique and the related surgical outcomes.

Methods
One hundred and twenty-five Surgical Units experienced in colorectal and advanced laparoscopic surgery were invited and 85 of them joined the study. Each center was asked not to change its surgical habits. Data about demographic characteristics, surgical technique and postoperative outcomes were collected through the official SICE website database. One thousand two hundred and twenty-five patients were enrolled between March 2018 and September 2018.

Results
ICA was performed in 70.4% of cases, ECA in 29.6%. Isoperistaltic anastomosis was completed in 85.6%, stapled in 87.9%. Hand-sewn enterotomy closure was adopted in 86%. Postoperative complications were reported in 35.4% for ICA and 50.7% for ECA; no significant difference was found according to patients’ characteristics and technologies used. Median hospital stay was significantly shorter for ICA (7.3 vs. 9 POD). Postoperative pain in patients not prescribed opioids was significantly lower in ICA group.

Conclusions
In our survey, a side-to-side isoperistaltic stapled ICA with hand-sewn enterotomy closure is the most frequently adopted technique to perform ileo-colic anastomosis after any indications for elective LRH. According to literature, our study confirmed better short-term outcomes for ICA, with reduction of hospital stay and postoperative pain.

Trial registration
Clinical trial (Identifier: NCT03934151).
Decreasing trend in the incidence of serious pneumonias in Finnish children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Salonen Päivi H. , Salonen Juha H. , Säilä Hanna , Helminen Mika , Linna Miika , Kauppi Markku J. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Objectives
Children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) may be predisposed to serious pneumonia due to modern disease-modifying anti-rheumatic treatment. In this nationwide retrospective study with clinical data, we describe the pneumonia episodes among children with JIA.

Methods
Patients under 18 years of age with JIA and pneumonia during 1998–2014 were identified in the National Hospital Discharge Register in Finland. Each individual patient record was reviewed, and detailed data on patients with JIA and pneumonia were retrieved, recorded, and analyzed. If the patient was hospitalized or received intravenous antibiotics, the pneumonia was considered serious.

Results
There were 157 episodes of pneumonia among 140 children with JIA; 111 episodes (71%) were serious (80% in 1998–2006 and 66% in 2007–2014). The mean age of the patients was 9 years. Forty-eight percent had active JIA and 46% had comorbidities. Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARD) were used at the time of 135 episodes (86%): methotrexate (MTX) by 62% and biologic DMARDs (bDMARD) by 30%. There was no significant difference in the use of bDMARDs, MTX and glucocorticoids between the patient groups with serious and non-serious pneumonia episodes. During six of the episodes, intensive care was needed. Two patients (1.3%) died, the remaining ones recovered fully.

Conclusions
Although the incidence of pneumonia and the use of immunosuppressive treatment among children with JIA increased from 1998 to 2014, the proportion of serious pneumonias in these patients decreased. There was no significant difference in the use of anti-rheumatic medication between patients with serious and non-serious pneumonia.Key Points• The incidence of serious pneumonias decreased from 1998 to 2014 among children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).• There was no significant difference in the use of the disease-modifying anti-rheumatic medication between JIA patients with serious and non-serious pneumonias.• Active JIA, comorbidities, and combination medication were associated with nearly half of the pneumonias.
The effect for hyperuricemia inpatient of uric acid overproduction type or in combination with topiroxostat on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of dotinurad, a selective urate reabsorption inhibitor
Authors: Okui Daisuke , Sasaki Tomomitsu , Fushimi Masahiko , Ohashi Tetsuo 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background
Dotinurad, a novel selective urate reabsorption inhibitor (SURI), increases urinary uric acid excretion. The aim of this study is to examine the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of dotinurad according to the type of hyperuricemia, with or without concomitant use of xanthine oxidase inhibitor, in uric acid “overproduction type” patients.

Methods
This open-label clinical pharmacology study was conducted in a hospital. Dotinurad 1 mg was administered for 7 days to hyperuricemic patients with uric acid “overproduction type” (overproduction group, n = 6; and combination group, n = 6) and uric acid “underexcretion type” (underexcretion group, n = 6). In the combination group, topiroxostat 80 mg was used concomitantly.

Results
No significant differences were observed in pharmacokinetics and safety between overproduction group and underexcretion group, and the percent change in serum uric acid level and the amount of urinary uric acid excretion after administration were comparable. In “overproduction type” patients of combination group, the percent change in serum uric acid level significantly increased and the amount of urinary uric acid excretion significantly decreased compared to those of overproduction group. No clinically meaningful differences were observed in safety between the overproduction group and the combination group.

Conclusion
In inpatients, differences in hyperuricemic type did not significantly influence the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of dotinurad. Moreover, in “overproduction type”, the coadministration of dotinurad and topiroxostat had an add-on serum uric acid lowering effect and suppressed urinary uric acid excretion.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02837198.
Precise drag prediction of airfoil flows by a new algebraic model
Authors: Xiao Meng-Juan , She Zhen-Su 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWe report the results of accurate prediction of lift ($$C_L$$CL) and drag ($$C_D$$CD) coefficients of two typical airfoil flows (NACA0012 and RAE2822) by a new algebraic turbulence model, in which the eddy viscosity is specified by a stress length (SL) function predicted by structural ensemble dynamics (SED) theory. Unprecedented accuracy of the prediction of $$C_D$$CD with error of a few counts (one count is $$10^{-4}$$10-4) and of $$C_L$$CL with error under 1%-2% are uniformly obtained for varying angles of attack (AoA), indicating an order of magnitude improvement of drag prediction accuracy compared to currently used models (typically around 20 to 30 counts). More interestingly, the SED-SL model is distinguished with fewer parameters of clear physical meaning, which quantify underlying turbulent boundary layer (TBL) with a universal multi-layer structure, and is thus promising to be more easily generalizable to complex TBL. The use of the new model for the calibration of flow condition in experiment and the extraction of flow physics from numerical simulation data of aeronautic flows are discussed.
Novel mutations in the QRDR region gyrA gene in multidrug-resistance Corynebacterium spp. isolates from intravenous sites
Authors: Ramos Juliana Nunes , Valadão Talita Bernardo , Baio Paulo Victor Pereira , Mattos-Guaraldi Ana Luiza , Vieira Verônica Viana 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe resistance to fluoroquinolones in corynebacteria is due to mutations occurring in the quinolone-resistance-determining region (QRDR) of the gyrA gene encoding the enzyme gyrase A subunit. In recent years we can observe an increasing number of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Corynebacterium striatum, Corynebacterium jeikeium and Corynebacterium urealyticum, including wide range of disorders, such as invasive infections. In this study 14 Corynebacterium spp. isolated from intravenous sites were sequenced and new combinations of mutations in the QRDR of the gyrA gene were found in C. jeikeium and C. urealyticum. Nowadays, no study comparing mutations in this region and the susceptibility to fluoroquinolones in C. jeikeium and C. urealyticum has been described. All the isolates that showed double mutation (position 87 and 91) in the QRDR gyrA gene had high MIC to the fluoroquinolones tested.
No escape: most insect colonisers of an introduced fig tree in Cyprus come from the plant’s native range
Authors: Compton S. G. , Stavrinides M. , Kaponas C. , Thomas P. J. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPlants that become invasive outside their native range often benefit from the absence of their native-range herbivores. Ficus microcarpa is a widely-planted Asian–Australasian species of fig tree that has become invasive in parts of its introduced range. As in most places where it is planted, the pollinator of F. microcarpa has been introduced to Cyprus, together with at least six other Asian fig wasp species. We recorded the other insects feeding on the leaves, buds and stems of this fig tree in southern Cyprus. Eight sap-sucking insects were recorded, and one leaf-galling species, with some present at high frequencies and densities. The insects were a mix of introduced polyphagous species and introduced F. microcarpa specialists. They included the first European record of the fig leaf galling psyllid Trioza brevigenae, which was described from India. Ficus microcarpa has not escaped from its native-range phytophages, but they appear to be free of their own specialist parasitoids and predators. The result is a herbivore load than may be comparable with what the plant experiences in its countries of origin. This is likely to reduce the invasiveness of F. microcarpa, but at the same time makes the plant a less attractive option for future planting.
Moral Development in Business Ethics: An Examination and Critique
Authors: DeTienne Kristen Bell , Ellertson Carol Frogley , Ingerson Marc-Charles , Dudley William R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe field of behavioral ethics has seen considerable growth over the last few decades. One of the most significant concerns facing this interdisciplinary field of research is the moral judgment-action gap. The moral judgment-action gap is the inconsistency people display when they know what is right but do what they know is wrong. Much of the research in the field of behavioral ethics is based on (or in response to) early work in moral psychology and American psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg’s foundational cognitive model of moral development. However, Kohlberg’s model of moral development lacks a compelling explanation for the judgment-action gap. Yet, it continues to influence theory, research, teaching, and practice in business ethics today. As such, this paper presents a critical review and analysis of the pertinent literature. This paper also reviews modern theories of ethical decision making in business ethics. Gaps in our current understanding and directions for future research in behavioral business ethics are presented. By providing this important theoretical background information, targeted critical analysis, and directions for future research, this paper assists management scholars as they begin to seek a more unified approach, develop newer models of ethical decision making, and conduct business ethics research that examines the moral judgment-action gap.
Genetic composition and conservation status of coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki) in the San Juan Islands, Washington
Authors: Glasgow Jamie , De Groot Jennifer D. , Small Maureen P. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractUnderstanding the conservation status of native fish populations is increasingly important because they are put at risk by mounting anthropogenic pressures, including climate change. Conventional approaches to assess fish populations can be logistically challenging and cost-prohibitive. As a result, resource managers often make assumptions about the status of fish populations based on limited information. The watersheds of Washington’s San Juan Islands were considered too small to support wild salmonid populations. Many streams flow only seasonally, and all have been subjected to varying degrees of anthropogenic impacts affecting their ecological integrity. Nonetheless, we found that at least five watersheds in the archipelago support populations of coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki). To better understand the conservation status of coastal cutthroat trout populations there, we genotyped approximately fifty trout in each of three watersheds: Cascade and Doe Bay creeks on Orcas Island and Garrison Creek on San Juan Island. Results suggest that two watersheds support native populations and one supports naturalized hatchery fish. The likely native coastal cutthroat trout diversity documented in the two watersheds contributes to the overall diversity of the species, demonstrates that species’ resiliency, and provides justification for conservation measures. Effective management and conservation planning in data-limited situations requires the use of a precautionary approach. Population genetics provide a useful tool for identifying vulnerable fish populations and understanding their relationships with other conspecific populations. This information can inform restoration goals and help identify and prioritize restoration and protection measures.
Delayed labelling evaluation for data streams
Authors: Grzenda Maciej , Gomes Heitor Murilo , Bifet Albert 
Published: November 2019

AbstractA large portion of the stream mining studies on classification rely on the availability of true labels immediately after making predictions. This approach is well exemplified by the test-then-train evaluation, where predictions immediately precede true label arrival. However, in many real scenarios, labels arrive with non-negligible latency. This raises the question of how to evaluate classifiers trained in such circumstances. This question is of particular importance when stream mining models are expected to refine their predictions between acquiring instance data and receiving its true label. In this work, we propose a novel evaluation methodology for data streams when verification latency takes place, namely continuous re-evaluation. It is applied to reference data streams and it is used to differentiate between stream mining techniques in terms of their ability to refine predictions based on newly arriving instances. Our study points out, discusses and shows empirically the importance of considering the delay of instance labels when evaluating classifiers for data streams.
BOINC: A Platform for Volunteer Computing
Authors: Anderson David P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract“Volunteer computing” is the use of consumer digital devices for high-throughput scientific computing. It can provide large computing capacity at low cost, but presents challenges due to device heterogeneity, unreliability, and churn. BOINC, a widely-used open-source middleware system for volunteer computing, addresses these challenges. We describe BOINC’s features, architecture, implementation, and algorithms.
Does dysbiotic endometrium affect blastocyst implantation in IVF patients?
Authors: Hashimoto Tomoko , Kyono Koichi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Purpose
To analyze the pregnancy outcomes of IVF patients presenting eubiotic or dysbiotic endometrium at the time of embryo transfer and to analyze what bacterial profiles are suitable for embryo implantation.

Methods
Ninety-nine IVF patients under 40 years old undergoing vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer in HRT cycle had concurrent endometrial microbiome analysis. Samples from the endometrium were taken from the participants at the time of mock transfer; the bacterial profiles at genus level and percentage of lactobacilli in the endometrium of the patients were analyzed.

Results
Thirty-one cases (31.3%) had dysbiotic endometrium. The background profiles, pregnancy rates per transfer (52.9% vs 54.8%), and miscarriage rates (11.1% vs 5.9%) were comparable between patients with eubiotic or dysbiotic endometrium. Major bacterial genera other than Lactobacillus detected in the dysbiotic endometrium were Atopobium, Gardnerella, and Streptococcus. Some patients achieved ongoing pregnancies with 0% Lactobacillus in the endometrium. The endometrial bacterial profiles of pregnant cases with dysbiotic endometrium were comparable with those of non-pregnant cases.

Conclusion
Analyzing microbiota at the species-level resolution may be necessary for identifying the true pathogenic bacteria of the endometrium and avoiding over-intervention against non-Lactobacillus microbiota. Further studies are necessary for analyzing the mechanism of how the pathogenic bacteria affect embryo implantation.
Determination of 14C, 55Fe, 63Ni and gamma emitters in activated RPV steel samples: a comparison between calculations and experimental analysis
Authors: Leskinen Anumaija , Salminen-Paatero Susanna , Räty Antti , Tanhua-Tyrkkö Merja , Iso-Markku Taneli , Puukko Esa 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDetermination of 14C, 55Fe, 63Ni and gamma emitters in two different types of activated reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel samples were carried out. The gamma emitters were analysed using HPGe detectors with ISOCS and standard geometry calibrations. Two radioanalytical procedures for the 14C, 55Fe, 63Ni analysis were developed using inactive samples and activated samples were analysed using modified procedures. A Monte Carlo code was used for the modelling of the activation results. The obtained measured and calculated results were comparable.