bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of physical activity and lifestyle in pre-infection on the susceptibility and prognosis of infects with COVID-19
Authors: Huang Baozhen , Zhang Shixi , Gong Jiuyu , Niu Yanlin , Zhang Fengjuan , Jiang Lin , Wang Mingming , Cui Jing , Li Weixin , Jin Cheng , Bao Pengtao , Li Diangeng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background

There are very few studies focusing on the relationship between COVID-19 and pre-infection lifestyle. In the absence of effective vaccines and special-effect medicines, it is very meaningful to actively respond to the disease pandemic by improving lifestyle habits.
Methods

This is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study enrolled 431 adult people including 228 normal people and 203 confirmed infects in Wubei, Henan and Shandong Provinces. Questionnaires were used to collect information on physical activity and lifestyle by competent doctors. The univariate logistic regression models and multiple regression models were used in risk factor analysis. Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to test the correlation.
Results

Lifestyle habits including exercise, smoking, sedentary behavior and physical activity intensity can significantly affect the probability of getting COVID-19 (P < 0.05). The MET (Metabolic Equivalent) intensity classification and sleep status are found to be the potential influencing factors of prognosis in both all infects and symptomatic patients. In all infects, taking the high MET intensity level as a reference, inpatient days would increase by 1.812 times (95% CI: 0.887–3.701) with no significance when the level is moderate (P > 0.05) and significantly increase by 6.674 times (95% CI: 1.613–27.613) when the level is low (P < 0.05). Kruskal-Wallis H test results showed moderate activity MET*min promoted shorter hospital stay (P < 0.05) mainly.
Conclusions

Sleep status and physical activity influenced the susceptibility and prognosis of COVID-19. Lack of sleep and low MET intensity level may prolong the hospital stay, which means a relatively slow recovery. This encourages the public to have moderate physical activity and adequate sleep to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic actively.
Dietary Intake and Physical Activity in Patients After Invasive Treatment of Hemorrhoidal Disease
Authors: Burmeister Greta , Lieb Wolfgang , Franke Andre , Schafmayer Clemens , Hinz Sebastian , Hendricks Alexander , Németh Christopher Georg , Schniewind Bodo , Doniec J. Marek , Bokelmann Frank , Jongen Johannes , Peleikes Hans-Günter , Kahlke Volker , Ratjen Ilka 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundAlthough lifestyle modifications are an integral part of treatment and prevention of hemorrhoidal disease, it is largely unknown how lifestyle factors like diet and physical activity are characterized in patients with a history of advanced and invasively treated hemorrhoidal disease.MethodsIn a Northern German cross-sectional study, clinical characteristics and dietary and physical activity data of 386 patients were assessed via questionnaires at median 10 years after their first invasive hemorrhoidal treatment. Food and nutrient intake and physical activity levels of the hemorrhoid patients were compared with general population controls. Additionally, within the hemorrhoid patient cohort, dietary intake and physical activity were related to clinical characteristics using logistic regression analyses.resultsWhereas in men, there were no statistically significant differences in food intake between hemorrhoids patients and controls, women with a history of hemorrhoids had a significantly higher consumption of potatoes, nuts and animal fat, and a lower consumption of fruits, compared to women from the control group. Hemorrhoid patients reported slightly more gardening activities and less TV watching than controls. Within the hemorrhoid patient cohort, hemorrhoid grade, type of first therapy, need for further treatment, patients’ compliance for another surgery if necessary and current anal afflictions revealed individual associations with fiber, alcohol, animal fat and potato consumption and the amounts of home repair activities and sleeping time.ConclusionsAlthough we could identify some statistically significant differences in dietary and physical activity behavior between hemorrhoid patients and controls and observed associations between clinical characteristics and lifestyle factors, some findings are, in parts, still inconsistent. Whether patients are following lifestyle recommendations as part of conservative hemorrhoid treatment and tertiary prevention and which patients are more adherent than others (e.g., high-grade vs. low-grade) needs further investigation.
The Combination of External Beam Radiotherapy with Cf (Californium)-252 Neutron Intracavitary Brachytherapy is Significantly Effective than with Ir (Iridium)-192 Gamma Intracavitary Brachytherapy in Controlling Stage IIB Cervical Adenocarcinoma: A Matched Pair Analysis
Authors: Lei Xin , Xiong Yanli , Gao Nan , Li Chongyi , Chen Shu , Sheng Xiugui 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: To assess the efficacy of combined external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) with Cf-252 neutrons versus Ir-192 photons in matched pairs for stage IIB adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix (AC).Methods: Patients with stage IIB AC were matched into 19 pairs between January 2005 and March 2013 and were divided into neutron ICBT (NICBT) and photon ICBT (PICBT) groups. Pelvic EBRT was administered with 2 Gy/fraction, 4 fractions/week, to a total dose of 50–54 Gy, with the center of pelvic field blocked by 4 cm in width after 20–36 Gy in both groups. NICBT and PICBT were administered with 10.5–13 Gy-eq/fraction vs. 10–13 Gy/fraction, to a total dose of 42–53.2 Gy-eq vs. 40–51 Gy at point A. Radiotherapy was administered concurrently and sequentially with 2–4 cycles of chemotherapy, consisting of cisplatin, or carboplatin, and paclitaxel only in PICBT groups. Survival data and late complication rates were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method, log rank, t test, and 2 × 2 contingency analysis. Results: The 5-year OS and DFS rate in the NICBT group were significantly higher than those of the PICBT group. Early treatment toxicity and late complications were mild in both groups. Conclusion: The combination of EBRT and Cf-252 neutron ICBT alone is more effective than the combination of EBRT and Ir-192 photon ICBT with concurrent and sequential chemotherapy for stage IIB AC patients.
Modulation of the Gut Microbiota Alters the Tumor-Suppressive Efficacy of Tim-3 Pathway Blockade in a Bacterial Species- and Host Factor-Dependent Manner
Authors: Lee Bokyoung , Lee Jieun , Woo Min-Yeong , Lee Mi Jin , Shin Ho-Joon , Kim Kyongmin , Park Sun 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein-3 (Tim-3) is an immune checkpoint molecule and a potential target for anti-cancer therapy. Alterations in the tumor-suppressive efficacy of immunotherapy due to gut microbiota disturbance have been reported; however, the influence of gut microbiota on the efficacy of Tim-3 blockade is yet to be investigated. In this study, we examined whether gut microbiota manipulation altered the anti-tumor efficacy of Tim-3 blockade. The gut microbiota was manipulated by the administration of antibiotics and oral gavage of bacteria to mice. Results Alterations in the gut microbiome were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Gut dysbiosis triggered by antibiotics attenuated the anti-tumor efficacy of Tim-3 blockade in both C57BL/6 and BALB/c mouse strains. Anti-tumor efficacy was restored via gut microbiota manipulation through oral gavage of fecal bacteria even as antibiotic administration continued. In the case of oral gavage of Enterococcus hirae or Lactobacillus johnsonii, the transferred bacterial species and host mouse strain were critical in determining the anti-tumor efficacy of Tim-3 blockade. Furthermore, oral bacterial gavage did not increase alpha diversity of the gut microbiota in antibiotics-treated mice but did alter microbiome composition, which was associated with restoration of anti-tumor efficacy of Tim-3 blockade. Conclusions Our results highlight the importance of the gut microbiota in anti-cancer immunotherapy responsiveness and indicate that gut microbiota modulation may increase the efficacy of immunotherapy when concomitantly administered with antibiotics. The administered bacterial species and host factors should be considered so as to benefit from gut microbiota modulation.
Metabolomic Analysis of SCD During Goose Follicular Development: Implications for Lipid Metabolism
Authors: Yuan Xin , Hu Shenqiang , Li Liang , Liu Hehe , He Hua , Wang Jiwen 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is known to be an important rate-limiting enzyme in the production of MUFA. The role of this enzyme in goose follicular development is poorly understood. To investigate the metabolic mechanism of SCD during goose follicular development, we observed SCD expression patterns during follicular development in vivo and in vitro using quantitative reverse-transcription (qRT)-PCR. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to determine a cellular model of SCD function in granulosa cells (GCs) via SCD overexpression and knockdown.Results qRT-PCR analysis showed that SCD was abundantly expressed in the GC layer, and was upregulated in preovulatory follicles. Peak expression was found in F1 and prehierarchal follicles with diameters of 4–6 mm and 8–10 mm, respectively. We further found the mRNA expression and corresponding enzyme activity to occur in a time-dependent oscillation in vitro, beginning on the first day of GC culture. By using LC-MS/MS, we identified numerous changes in metabolite activation and developed an overview of multiple metabolic pathways, ten of which were associated with lipid metabolism and enriched in both the overexpressed and the knockdown groups.ConclusionsWe confirmed cholesterol and pantothenol or pantothenate as potential metabolite biomarkers for studying SCD-related lipid metabolism in goose GCs.
Glacier Forecast: Jakobshavn Isbrae Primed for Thinning and Acceleration
Authors: Willis Josh , Carroll Dustin , Gardner Alex , Khazendar Ala , Wood Michael , Holland David , Holland Denise , Fenty Ian , Rignot Eric , Chauche Nolwenn , Rosing-Asvid Aqqalu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
After three years of cold conditions, warm water has returned to Ilulissat Icefjord, home to Jakobshavn Isbrae—Greenland’s largest outlet glacier. Jakobshavn has slowed and thickened since 2016, when waters near the glacier cooled from 3 °C to 1.5 °C. Fjord temperatures remained cold through at least the end of 2019, but in March 2020, temperatures in the fjord warmed to 2.8 °C. As a result of the warming, we forecast that Jakobshavn Isbrae will accelerate and resume thinning during the 2020 melt season. The fjord’s profound influence on glacier behavior, and the connectivity between fjord conditions and regional ocean climate imply a degree of predictability that we aim to test with this forecast. Given the global importance of sea-level rise, we must advance our ability to forecast such rapidly changing systems, and this work represents an important first step in glacier forecasting.
Semi-automated annotation of cell type-specific protein expression patterns in human testis based on immunohistochemistry
Authors: Ghoshal Biraja , Tucker Allan , Norradin Feria Hikmet , Lindskog Cecilia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) provides the basis for cell type-specific localization of protein expression patterns in human tissues. Manual annotation of complex IHC images is however expensive and may lead to errors or inter-observer variability. Artificial Intelligence holds much promise for efficient and accurate pattern recognition, but confidence in prediction needs to be addressed. To present a reliable model for annotation of IHC images, we developed a semi-automated framework for multi-label classification of 7,848 human testis samples stained with IHC, and manually annotated in situ protein expression in eight different cell types. The dataset was used as a basis for training and testing a proposed Hybrid Bayesian Neural Network. By combining the deep learning model with a novel uncertainty metric, the average diagnostic performance improved from 86.9% to 96.3%. The streamlined workflow has important implications for accurate large-scale efforts mapping the human cell type-specific proteome in health and disease.
Quality of life and associated factors among women with obstetric fistula in Ethiopia
Authors: Matiwos Biruktawit , Tesfaw Getachew , Belete Asmare , Abebaw Dessie , shumet shegaye 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
BackgroundThe physical, emotional and social suffering associated with continuous leakage of urine has a profound impact on women quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess quality of life and associated factors among obstetric fistula patients in Ethiopia, has a significant role for further intervention.ObjectiveTo assess quality of life and associated factors among obstetric fistula patients in Ethiopia, 2017.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 289 women with obstetric fistula were recruited for interviews, using the systematic random sampling technique. The World Health Organization Quality of Life – Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) Version was used to assess quality of life. The Jacob perceived stigma scale and the Oslo-3 social support instruments were used to assess the factors. We computed simple and multiple linear regression analysis to assess factors associated with quality of life. P-value < 0.05 was declared statistically significant.ResultOf 289 women studied, only 12.1% felt satisfied with their general state of health and quality of life. In the physical health domain, the mean quality of life score was 40.78 ± .78. In the psychological domain, the mean quality of life score was 39.96 ± .82. In the social and environmental domain, the mean quality of life score was 32.9 ± .95, 36.45 ± .8 respectively. Duration of incontinence (unstandard β=-3.8,95% CI(-6.95,-.62), patients coming for surgical procedure (β=-4.4, 95% CI(-7.64,-1.2), poor social support(β= -6.14, 95%CI (-8.8,-3.4), Co-morbid anxiety(β= -4, 95% CI (-7,-1.1) and depression(β=-9.2, 95% CI (-12,-6.4) were negatively associated with physical domain of quality of life. Co-morbid anxiety (β= -11,95% CI (-14.8,-7.3), employment(β = 9.1,95%CI(.5, 17.6), number of children(β = 2.1,95%CI(.8, 3.4), and depression(β= -6.3,95%CI(-9.7,-2.9) were associated with a psychological domain. Duration of incontinence (β=-8.1,95%CI(-12.82,-3.4), poor social support(β= -7.8(-12,-3.6), patients coming for surgical procedure (β= -12,95%CI(-17.4,-6.4) and co-morbid anxiety(β= -9.2,95%CI(-13.8, 4.5) were negatively associated with social domain of quality of life. Number of children present (β = 2.4,95%CI(.82, 3.6), and poor social support(β= -5.5,95%CI(-9.5,-1.5) were significantly associated with an environmental domain of quality of life.Conclusion and recommendationCo-morbid depression and anxiety, poor social support, duration of urine incontinence, employment, number of children, and duration of hospital stay were factors significantly associated with domains of QOL. Treating co-morbid depression and anxiety, strong social support and controlling urine incontinence is necessary to increase women’s domain of quality of life.
Association Between The Polymorphism of MMP-1 Gene with Knee Osteoarthritis Risk: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lu Feifan , Sun Xiaowei , Wang Weiguo , Zhang Qidong , Guo Wanshou 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The existing studies on the association between polymorphisms of Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) (-1607 1G/2G) (rs1799750) polymorphism and the risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA, a complex multifactorial disease and a major degenerative form of arthritis) in different populations have yielded conflicting findings. Method: Literature search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of science, Google Scholar (From January 1990 to June 2019), and assessing this association by calculating odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Subgroup analyses stratified by ethnicity were also conducted. Statistical heterogeneity was quantitatively evaluated by X2 test with the significance set P<0.10 or I2>50%.Result: Five case-control based studies (924 cases and 928 controls) were included. The results suggested that the MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G) (rs1799750) gene polymorphisms were not associated with knee OA risk in all genetic models (Allele model OR =1.22, 95% CI: 0.72-1.76, p=0.615, Recessive model OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.70-2.15, p=0.486, and Dominant model OR = 1.14, 95%CI: 0.64-2.04, p=0.659, Figure 3-5)Conclusions: There is no association between the polymorphism of MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G) (rs1799750) polymorphism with the risk of knee osteoarthritis, a large number of studies may be necessary to verify this association in different populations and environmental factors.
Modulation of the Gut Microbiota of type 2 Diabetic Mice by Sodium Butyrate Attenuates Ischemic Stroke Injury
Authors: Wang Huidi , Song Wei , Gao Xuxuan , Zhu Jiajia , Li Jie , Wu Qiheng , Tan Chuhong , Zhou Hongwei , He Yan , Yin Jia 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major comorbidity in patients with ischemic stroke that exacerbates brain injury. Recent studies have revealed that stroke injury can be influenced by the composition of the gut microbiota. However, the role of the gut microbiota of T2D patients in stroke injury and the potential benefits of manipulating the dysbiotic gut microbiota in T2D are unknown.Methods: To modulate the gut microbiota profile, male diabetic (Db) mice and wild-type (Wt) mice were randomized to receive either sodium butyrate (SB) or sodium chloride (NaCl, Con) in drinking water. After 4 weeks, fecal samples were collected for microbiota analysis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We then performed fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and established middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of stroke to investigate the causative relationship between the gut microbiota and stroke injury.Results: We found that SB supplementation reduced food/water intake, fasting blood glucose levels and serum triglyceride (TG) levels in Db mice. Moreover, SB-treated Db mice displayed a different gut microbiota composition and higher levels of fecal butyrate than NaCl-treated Db mice. Twenty-four hours after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, stroke mice that underwent FMT from SB-treated Db mice exhibited improvements in neurologic deficit scores and a smaller cerebral infarct volume than mice that underwent FMT from NaCl-treated Db mice. These improvements were accompanied by reductions in neuronal loss, apoptotic cell death, and microglial activation, increased levels of tight junction-related proteins and preservation of the endothelial glycocalyx in the ischemic brain.Conclusions: This study suggests that the gut microbiota of T2D can be modified by SB to afford neuroprotection against ischemic stroke injury.
Enhancing Early Engagement (E3) in Mental Health Services Training for Children's Advocacy Center's Victim Advocates: Protocol for a Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Taylor Erin K , Dopp Alex R , Lounsbury Kaitlin , Thompson Yutian , Miller Michelle , Jorgensen Ashley G. , Silovsky Jane F 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Child maltreatment is a major public issue in the United States, yet most children affected by abuse or neglect never engage in evidence-based practices (EBP) for child mental health. Children’s Advocacy Centers (CACs’) are uniquely situated to serve as Family Navigators who connect children impacted by maltreatment to appropriate EBPs. In fact, the CAC position of Victim Advocate mirrors the Mental Health Family Navigator national initiative.Methods: We will develop, implement, and evaluate web-based and consultative training for Victim Advocates to enhance early engagement in services (E3 training). The interactive web-based training will embed key targets of knowledge and skills related to family engagement, trauma, and EBP services. Participating CACs will be randomized to E3 webinar-based training, E3 webinar plus consultation, or delayed training. The project will test the E3 training’s impact on key mechanisms of change (e.g., knowledge, skills) to improve rates of screening, referral, and access to EBP services. The feasibility of implementing the training program, and differential impact and costs by level of training will be examined.Discussion: The overarching goal of this project is to test a training that is readily implemented through CACs and examine the mechanisms for improving early engagement and, ultimately, child and adolescent mental health outcomes. Results and cost findings will be used to plan a large-scale comprehensive, mixed-methods Hybrid Type II effectiveness-implementation and cost-effectiveness trial of Family Navigator E3 training. If outcomes are positive, considerable infrastructure exists to support the scale-up and sustainability of E3 training nationwide, by embedding the training in national CAC training protocols.Trial registration: NCT04221633
Individual Differences in Job Crafting and Its Relationship with Burnout in Nursing
Authors: Pérez-Fuentes Maria del Carmen , Jurado María del Mar Molero , Martínez África Martos , Márquez María del Mar Simón , Linares José Jesús Gázquez 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The heavy work load and pressure to which nursing professionals are subjected leads to an increase in stress-related problems, such as burnout. Personal resources, such as job crafting, proactive personality, self-efficacy and regulatory focus are fundamental in palliating negative effects in the work environment.Objective: To analyze individual differences, with attention to proactive personality, regulatory approach and general self-efficacy in job crafting, and to determine the predictive power of these variables for burnout in nursing professionals. Methods: The sample was made up of 643 nurses. After correlation and descriptive analyses, multiple linear regression models were computed to find out the possible predictor role of the individual variables on burnout. Main Outcome Measures were: Proactive personality, Regulatory focus, Self-efficacy (participant beliefs concerning their ability to handle different daily situations adequately), Job Crafting behavior and Burnout.Results: The results showed that job crafting, proactive personality, general self-efficacy and the promotion regulatory focus were associated with a decrease in burnout in healthcare workers. Similarly, the predictive models for each of the factors in burnout in all cases included the increase in structural resources dimension of job crafting as the variable with the most weight. Furthermore, the increase in the social resources of Job Crafting for the social climate of the Burnout acted as mediator of this relationship.Conclusion: Job Crafting has been shown to be a variable promoting positive changes in the work environment that acts as a predictor of employee Burnout levels.