bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Oral Biofilms: Current State, Mechanisms, Influencing Factors, and Prospects
Authors: Hu Chen , Wang Lin‐Lin , Lin Yu‐Qing , Liang Hui‐Min , Zhou Shan‐Yu , Zheng Fen , Feng Xiao‐Li , Rui Yong‐Yu , Shao Long‐Quan 
Published: November 2019

AbstractDue to their excellent size, designability, and outstanding targeted antibacterial effects, nanoparticles have become a potential option for controlling oral biofilm‐related infections. However, the formation of an oral biofilm is a dynamic process, and factors affecting the performance of antibiofilm treatments are complex. As such, when examining the existing literature on the antibiofilm effects of nanoparticles, attention should be paid to the specific mechanisms of action at different stages of oral biofilm formation, as well as relevant influencing factors, in order to achieve an objective and comprehensive evaluation. This review is intended to detail the antibacterial mechanisms of nanoparticles during the four stages of the formation of oral biofilms: 1) acquired film formation; 2) bacterial adhesion; 3) early biofilm development; and 4) biofilm maturation. In addition, factors influencing the antibiofilm properties of nanoparticles are summarized from the aspects of nanoparticles themselves, biofilm models, and host factors. The limitations of current research and possible trends for future research are also discussed. In summary, nanoparticles are a promising antioral biofilm strategy. It is hoped that this review can serve as a reference and inspire ideas for further research on the application of nanoparticles for effectively targeting and treating oral biofilms.
Rapid Synthesis of High Surface Area Imine‐Linked 2D Covalent Organic Frameworks by Avoiding Pore Collapse During Isolation
Authors: Feriante Cameron H. , Jhulki Samik , Evans Austin M. , Dasari Raghunath R. , Slicker Kaitlin , Dichtel William R. , Marder Seth R. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractImine‐linked 2D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) form more rapidly than previously reported under Brønsted acid‐catalyzed conditions, showing signs of crystallinity within a few minutes, and maximum crystallinity within hours. These observations contrast with the multiday reaction times typically employed under these conditions. In addition, vacuum activation, which is often used to isolate COF materials significantly erodes the crystallinity and surface area of the several isolated materials, as measured by N2 sorption and X‐ray diffraction. This loss of material quality during isolation for many networks has historically obscured otherwise effective polymerization conditions. The influence of the activation procedure is characterized in detail for three COFs, with the commonly used 1,3,5‐tris(4‐aminophenyl)benzene‐terephthaldehyde network (TAPB‐PDA COF), the most prone to pore collapse. When the networks are activated carefully, rapid COF formation is general for all five of the imine‐linked 2D COFs studied, with all exhibiting excellent crystallinity and surface areas, including the highest surface areas reported to date for three materials. Furthermore, to simplify the workup of COF materials, a simple nitrogen flow method provides high‐quality materials without the need for specialized equipment. These insights have important implications for studying and understanding how 2D COFs form.
Developmental aspects of the tympanic membrane: Shedding light on function and disease
Authors: Mozaffari Mona , Jiang Dan , Tucker Abigail S. 
Published: November 2019

SummaryThe ear drum, or tympanic membrane (TM), is a key component in the intricate relay that transmits air‐borne sound to our fluid‐filled inner ear. Despite early belief that the mammalian ear drum evolved as a transformation of a reptilian drum, newer fossil data suggests a parallel and independent evolution of this structure in mammals. The term “drum” belies what is in fact a complex three‐dimensional structure formed from multiple embryonic cell lineages. Intriguingly, disease affects the ear drum differently in its different parts, with the superior and posterior parts being much more frequently affected. This suggests a key role for the developmental details of TM formation in its final form and function, both in homeostasis and regeneration. Here we review recent studies in rodent models and humans that are beginning to address large knowledge gaps in TM cell dynamics from a developmental biologist's point of view. We outline the biological and clinical uncertainties that remain, with a view to guiding the indispensable contribution that developmental biology will be able to make to better understanding the TM.
Health insurance reform and retirement: Evidence from the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Wood Kevin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe Affordable Care Act (ACA) has provided millions of Americans with medical insurance but may have led to an increase in retirement among older individuals who are utilizing the newly available coverage options as a substitute for employer‐provided insurance. Using data from the American Community Survey from 2009–2016, this hypothesis is tested by estimating the effect of the premium subsidies and Medicaid expansions of the ACA on retirement transitions for the non‐Medicare eligible cohort of older Americans aged 55–64. Research results indicate a 2% and 8% decrease in labor force participation resulting from the premium subsidies and Medicaid expansions, respectively. Slightly larger estimates are found among a subgroup of adult couples. The study also finds suggestive evidence of crowd‐out of employer‐sponsored insurance by subsidized marketplace plans but finds no such effects from the Medicaid expansions.
A critical appraisal of the clinical applicability and risk of bias of the predictive models for mortality and recurrence in patients with oropharyngeal cancer: Systematic review
Authors: Palazón‐Bru Antonio , Mares‐García Emma , López‐Bru David , Mares‐Arambul Enrique , Folgado‐de la Rosa David M. , Carbonell‐Torregrosa María de los Ángeles , Gil‐Guillén Vicente F. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe use of predictive models is becoming widespread. However, these models should be developed appropriately (CHecklist for critical Appraisal and data extraction for systematic Reviews of prediction Modeling Studies [CHARMS] and Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool [PROBAST] statements). Concerning mortality/recurrence in oropharyngeal cancer, we are not aware of any systematic reviews of the predictive models. We carried out a systematic review of the MEDLINE/EMBASE databases of those predictive models. In these models, we analyzed the 11 domains of the CHARMS statement and the risk of bias and applicability, using the PROBAST tool. Six papers were finally included in the systematic review and all of them presented high risk of bias and several limitations in the statistical analysis. The applicability was satisfactory in five out of six studies. None of the models could be considered ready for use in clinical practice.
Simple acute phase protein score to predict long‐term survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Heini Alexander D. , Hugo Rebecca , Berger Martin D. , Novak Urban , Bacher Ulrike , Pabst Thomas 
Published: November 2019

AbstractHigh levels of acute phase reactants can be associated with adverse outcome in patients with various solid tumor types. For patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), this correlation is unknown. We retrospectively investigated the prognostic value of pretreatment acute phase protein levels in 282 consecutive newly diagnosed AML patients undergoing at least one cycle of intensive induction chemotherapy. We applied a new score integrating pre‐treatment C‐reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and albumin levels termed the CFA ratio, and we stratified patients into two groups: Patients with a CFA ratio below 3.06 had decisively better progression‐free (26.2 vs 7.7 months; P < .001), disease‐free (56.4 vs 8.7 months; P < .001), and overall survival (61.2 vs 13.8 months; P < .001). Results remained significant when adjusting for confounders including European Leukemia Network risk group. Early mortality also tended to be lower in the low CFA ratio group. Finally, patients with lower modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS) similarly had better outcome. In conclusion, our data suggest that an elevated CFA ratio as well as a high mGPS are associated with adverse outcome in patients with newly diagnosed AML undergoing intensive induction. These parameters should undergo prospective evaluation for their contribution to risk profiling in AML patients.
MiR‐885‐3p is down‐regulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from T1D patients and regulates the inflammatory response via targeting TLR4/NF‐κB signaling
Authors: Zhang Xiangdong , Gu Huimin , Wang Li , Huang Feng , Cai Jin 
Published: November 2019

AbstractBackgroundType 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the progressive destruction of insulin‐production pancreatic β cells. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators in T1D. The present study aimed to determine miR‐885‐3p expression in T1D patients and to examine the effects of miR‐885‐3p on the inflammatory response in human monocytes.MethodsRelevant gene expression levels were determined by a quantitative polymerase chain reaction; western blotting and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays determined the respective protein levels; and the interaction between miRNA and the downstream targets was evaluated using a luciferase reporter assay.ResultsMiR‐885‐3p is down‐regulated and the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines are increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from T1D patients compared to healthy controls. MiR‐885‐3p overexpression suppressed mRNA expression and secreted protein levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in THP‐1. A luciferase reporter assay showed that miR‐885‐3p directly targeted the 3'‐untranslated region of Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) and miR‐885‐3p overexpression down‐regulated TLR4 expression in THP‐1 cells. The TLR4 mRNA expression level was increased in PBMCs isolated from T1D patients compared to heathy controls. TLR4 overexpression increased the secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and enhanced the activity of NF‐κB signaling, and also attenuated the inhibitory effects of miR‐885‐3p overexpression on pro‐inflammatory cytokine secretion and the activity of NF‐κB signaling in THP‐1 cells.ConclusionsThe present study identified the down‐regulation of miR‐885‐3p and up‐regulation of TLR4 in PBMCs isolated from T1D patients. Further mechanistic data demonstrated that miR‐885‐3p overexpression represses the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines via targeting TLR4/NF‐κB signaling in THP‐1 cells.
On a conjecture about the existence of isometric subgraphs
Authors: Khalifeh M. H. , Zahedi Emad 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIt has been conjectured that for an ‐vertex graph , if , then has at least one isometric subgraph of every possible order. On the other hand, it is known that , for any , does not guarantee that has this property. A graph having an isometric subgraph of every order will be called distance preserving graph. The best bound in the literature is , which guarantees that the graph is distance preserving. In this paper, using a combinatorial method, it is proved that for every there is an integer such that every graph with vertices and is distance preserving.
The future of legume genetic data resources: Challenges, opportunities, and priorities
Authors: Bauchet Guillaume J. , Bett Kirstin E. , Cameron Connor T. , Campbell Jacqueline D. , Cannon Ethalinda K.S. , Cannon Steven B. , Carlson Joseph W. , Chan Agnes , Cleary Alan , Close Timothy J. , Cook Douglas R. , Cooksey Amanda M. , Coyne Clarice , Dash Sudhansu , Dickstein Rebecca , Farmer Andrew D. , Fernández‐Baca David , Hokin Samuel , Jones Elizabeth S. , Kang Yun , Monteros Maria J. , Muñoz‐Amatriaín María , Mysore Kirankumar S. , Pislariu Catalina I. , Richards Chris , Shi Ainong , Town Christopher D. , Udvardi Michael , von Wettberg Eric Bishop , Young Nevin D. , Zhao Patrick X. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractLegumes, comprising one of the largest, most diverse, and most economically important plant families, are the subject of vibrant research and development worldwide. Continued improvement of legume crops will benefit from the recent proliferation of genetic (including genomic) resources; but the diversity, scale, and complexity of these resources presents challenges to those managing and using them. A workshop held in March of 2019 addressed questions of data resources and priorities for the legumes. The workshop identified various needs and recommendations: (a) Develop strategies to effectively store, integrate, and relate genetic resources collected in different projects. (b) Leverage information collected across many legume species by standardizing data formats and ontologies, improving the state of metadata about datasets, and increasing use of the FAIR data principles. (c) Advocate for the critical role that curators exercise in integrating complex datasets into databases and adding high value metadata that enable downstream analytics and facilitate practical applications. (d) Implement standardized software and database development practices to best leverage limited developer time and expertise gained from the various legume (and other) species. (e) Develop tools and databases that can manage genetic information for the world's plant genetic resources, enabling efficient incorporation of important traits into breeding programs. (f) Centralize information on databases, tools, and training materials and establish funding streams to support training and outreach.
Transplant Outcomes of Donation After Circulatory Death Livers Recovered With Versus Without Premortem Heparin Administration
Authors: Narvaez J. Reinier F. , Nie Jing , Noyes Katia , Kayler Liise K. 
Published: November 2019

Premortem heparin administration during donation after circulatory death (DCD) organ recovery is thought to optimize liver perfusion. However, premortem heparinization is not universally practiced in the United States and limited data exist regarding its utility. US registry data were accessed between January 1, 2003, and March 10, 2017, and 2 cohorts were ascertained: (1) DCD donor livers recovered for transplantation (n = 5495) and (2) liver‐only adult transplant recipients of DCD livers (n = 3754). Exclusions were donor unknown heparin status (n = 40), positive donor hepatitis B surface antigen (n = 4) and hepatitis C virus (n = 120) serologies, and for the outcomes analysis, livers placed outside the United States (n = 10). Discard rates and graft outcomes were examined from cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. Of 5495 DCD livers recovered for transplant, 589 (10.7%) donors did not receive premortem heparin (no heparin) and the remaining 4906 (89.3%) received heparin (heparin). Liver discard was similar between the no heparin (30.6%) and heparin groups (30.8%; P = 0.90). Heparin status was not associated with liver discard on multivariate analysis (adjusted odds ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80‐1.18 P = 0.76). The cumulative probability of overall graft survival was lower in the no heparin group relative to the heparin group (P < 0.05), and this finding persisted on multivariate analysis. No heparin group transplants had an 18% higher hazard of overall graft failure compared with those that received heparin (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01‐1.38; P < 0.05). In conclusion, organ recovery heparin administration status was not associated with liver discard. Failure to pretreat organ donors with premortem heparin correlates with worse liver transplant graft survival compared with heparin‐treated livers.
Influence of Maternally-Transferred Nitrogen and Carbon on Stable Isotope Ratios in Juvenile Chinook Salmon
Authors: Fraley Kevin M. , McHugh Peter A. , McIntosh Angus R. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
In freshwater fishes, the nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes ratios in tissues commonly reflect the environment in which a fish is feeding, assimilated through its diet. For many species, small-bodied or younger individuals generally feed lower in the food chain, while large-bodied mature individuals feed at higher trophic levels. This is reflected in the stable isotope (SI) ratios within fish tissue, with large-bodied fish typically exhibiting more enriched isotope signatures. However, an inverse relationship has been seen in recently-hatched, premigratory juvenile fishes of anadromous maternal stock. This has been documented previously in some salmonids, and it is due to the maternal contribution of marine-derived nitrogen to juvenile fish, which fades with isotopic turnover as they grow and assimilate energy from freshwater food webs. However, this phenomenon has not been previously documented for wild Pacific salmonids, as we present here. We found that the isotope ratios of premigratory juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha were elevated at posthatch, declined with increased body size, and converged with those of sympatric freshwater resident Brown Trout at 3.39 g body mass or 79 mm TL (at approximately 48–84 d posthatch). Given our findings, researchers should account for the lingering maternal isotopic enrichment of premigratory juvenile salmon to avoid introducing bias into SI-based freshwater food web studies. Additionally, the maternal life history (sea-run or resident) for the progeny of partially anadromous Pacific salmonids can likely be classified by examining SI information, which is supported by our results and by previous research on other anadromous salmonids. Therefore, SI analysis could be a useful tool for characterizing the relative contribution of anadromous females in partially migratory populations of other Pacific salmonids (e.g., steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss) to help with the management and conservation of these sensitive fish species.
Waist Circumference Change is Associated with Blood Pressure Change Independent of BMI Change
Authors: Wang Yiqing , Howard Annie Green , Adair Linda S. , Wang Huijun , Avery Christy L. , Gordon‐Larsen Penny 
Published: November 2019

ObjectiveThis study aimed to understand how an increase in abdominal adiposity relative to overall adiposity is associated with blood pressure (BP) change.MethodsA sex‐stratified mixed linear model was used to examine the association (95% CI) between annual changes in waist circumference (WC) and systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, estimated from two to eight repeated measures across the 1993‐2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey, among 5,742 men and 5,972 women (18‐66 years) with no history of antihypertension medication use.ResultsThe association between annual WC change and BP change remained statistically significant but was attenuated after controlling for annual BMI change, regardless of baseline abdominal obesity or overweight status. Each 10‐cm annual WC gain in men and women was associated with a 0.98‐mm Hg (95% CI: 0.61‐1.35) and a 0.97‐mm Hg (95% CI: 0.62‐1.32) annual increase in systolic blood pressure and a 1.13‐mm Hg (95% CI: 0.87‐1.38) and a 0.74‐mm Hg (95% CI: 0.51‐0.97) annual increase in diastolic blood pressure, respectively, independent of annual BMI change.ConclusionsWC gain may elevate BP even in the absence of BMI gain. BP management that addresses only BMI gain could overlook individuals at risk of elevated BP who have increased WC but not BMI.
Reliability modelling with redundancy—A case study of power generation engines in a wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Gorjian Jolfaei Neda , Jin Bo , van der Linden Leon , Gunawan Indra , Gorjian Nima 
Published: November 2019

AbstractPower generators are critical assets in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Australia and many countries. Better managing the lifetime, minimising failures, improving reliability and availability, and reducing operating and maintenance costs of the power generation assets are still challenging topics for water utilities. This case study aims to develop power generation system reliability and availability modelling considering redundancy to minimise operation and maintenance costs. The two‐parameter Weibull model was used to assess system reliability and availability to power generation engines in WWTPs. The Kaplan‐Meier method (a time‐driven estimation technique) and the log beta‐Weibull model (which is suitable for modelling censored and uncensored data) were used to analyse and validate the modelling results. Shape and scale parameters of the Weibull models were estimated by maximising the log‐likelihood function using non‐linear optimisation. Hazard and reliability functions were calculated using the Weibull model. Results using two‐parameter Weibull, Kaplan‐Meier, and log beta‐Weibull models display low reliability and high hazard rate over time, which was associated with spark plug failure due to a suboptimal start and stop operation strategy.
Force calibration for an endovascular robotic system with proximal force measurement
Authors: Sankaran Naveen Kumar , Chembrammel Pramod , Kesavadas Thenkurussi 
Published: November 2019

AbstractSurgeons, while performing manual endovascular procedures with conventional surgical tools (catheters and guidewires), experience forces on the tool outside the patient's body that are proximal to the point of actuation. Currently, most of the robotic systems for endovascular procedures use active catheters to navigate vasculature and to measure the contact forces at the distal end (tool tip). These tools are more expensive than the conventional surgical tools used in endovascular procedures. To avoid dependence on specialized devices like active catheters, we have developed a novel endovascular robotic system (ERS) that uses conventional surgical tools. Our robot can indirectly measure proximal forces and provide haptic feedback to surgeons. This paper discusses the theory, methodology, and calibration of indirect proximal force measurement. This new calibration technique is presented as a nested optimization problem that is solved using bi‐level optimization. The results of experimental validation of the new force calibration methodology are also discussed. The results show that unbiasing of the indirect force measurement by means of force calibration will allow the use of conventional tools in robotic endovascular procedures.
Automated industrial IoT‐device integration using the OpenPnP reference architecture
Authors: Koziolek Heiko , Burger Andreas , Platenius‐Mohr Marie , Rückert Julius , Mendoza Francisco , Braun Roland 
Published: November 2019

SummaryDistributed control systems are currently evolving towards industrial Internet of Things (IoT) systems communicating fully using Internet protocols. This creates opportunities for streamlining costly commissioning processes, which today require substantial manual work for installing, configuring, and integrating thousands of actuators and sensors. The vision of “plug‐and‐produce” control systems has been pursued for more than 15 years, but existing approaches fell short regarding configuration tasks and vendor neutrality. This paper introduces the standards‐based IoT reference architecture OpenPnP, which allows largely automating the configuration and integration tasks of industrial commissioning processes. The architecture includes a number of design and technology decisions and the required implementation can be scaled down to resource‐constrained industrial devices. This paper demonstrates how OpenPnP can reduce configuration and integration efforts up to 90% in typical settings, while potentially scaling well up to tens of thousands of communicated signals. Practitioners can orient their implementations towards OpenPnP, therefore potentially enabling “plug‐and‐produce” in many thousands of control systems.