bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making Sense of Central Asia in Pre-Petrine Russia
Authors: Abdurasulov Ulfatbek 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The existing historiography on liaisons between Russia and Central Asia in early modern period often tends to portray the cross-cultural diplomacy between the settings as an assemblage of sporadic, inefficient, clumsy encounters, full of diplomatic failures. Further to it, the dominant paradigm emphasizes cultural differences in the region, whereby any form of cross-cultural encounters was inevitably hampered by various confessional, religious and social borders. As a result, we tend to read every case of cross-cultural encounter between early modern Central Asia and Russia as a metaphor of cultural incommensurability. In the essay, I shall offer a close reading of two 17th-century Muscovite diplomatic missions to Central Asia as test cases with which to make sense of cultural encounters through the lens of individual actors. In doing so, I shall highlight the specific practices and strategies that allowed the diplomatic actors to play key roles as cultural mediators using their language skills, local knowledge and contact networks. In the broader sense, the essay set out to examine how can we problematize cross-cultural encounters between Central Asian principalities such as Khiva and Bukhara on the one hand, and Pre-Petrine Russia on the other: and to consider what we actually mean when we speak of early modern diplomacy in Central Eurasia.
Agrarian and Mercantile Ideologies in Western Han
Authors: Sterckx Roel 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
This paper questions the conventional scholarly view that early Chinese economic thought simply conceived of farming and commerce as mutually opposing forces. It argues that during Western Han times there existed a significant distance between court rhetoric and economic reality and suggests that, in reading official discourse, one should be cautious not to emphasize the economic over the political. The paper re-examines a series of well-known court memorials and concludes that few questioned the ethics of how wealth should be generated as long as political control could be maintained and the Han court was on the receiving end of it.
The Challenges of Research in the Psychology of Religion among Jewish (Israeli) Samples
Authors: Lazar Aryeh 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Measures and conceptualizations in the psychology of religion have been developed on predominantly Christian samples and their transportation to the study of other religions can be problematic. A review of empirical research on Israeli Jewish samples in different research areas—measuring religiousness, religious motivation, mystical experience, prayer, religious support, religious fundamentalism, and religiousness & sexuality—is presented and the significance of differences in orthodoxy / orthopraxy orientation, religious theology and belief, religious practice, and sociological aspects of religious life for empirical research in the psychology of religion is demonstrated. Methodological recommendations in each instance are provided. Many of the insights and recommendations presented here are applicable to the study of additional non-Christian religions.
Reading the Arabian Nights in Modern Hebrew Literature: Judaism, Arabness and the City
Authors: Tzoreff Avi-ram 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The discourse about the Arabian Nights illustrates the ways through which hegemonic poetic and literary discourses crystallized themselves, while developing a set of distinctions as a yardstick for the estimation of literary works, as well as the connections between these various distinctions—namely ‘realistic’ and ‘fantastic’, East and West, and oral storytelling and folklore versus written literature. This article focuses on the discourse about the Arabian Nights in the field of modern Hebrew literature. In turning towards the collection, discussing it and translating some of its sections, the various characters who dealt with it expressed and promoted a cultural and political narrative which saw cultural affinities as a potential basis for broader political cooperation between Arabs and Jews. I will argue, however, that the discourse about the collection illustrates a process of modern Hebrew literature adopting a definition of itself as European and secular literature. I will also argue that the discourse on the Arabian Nights reveals the various directions taken by those who resisted the construal of modern Hebrew literature as a vector in the European- secular tradition. These counter-hegemonic assertions particularly took the form of arguments that the collection was a multifaceted cultural treasure that includes Hebrew layers, or, alternatively, representing it as a model of a modern literary genre, the city-centered anthology.
Head and Neck Injuries from Rock Climbing: A Query of the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System
Authors: Chou David W. , Kshirsagar Rijul , Liang Jonathan 
Published: June 2020

Objective: We describe the incidence and characteristics of patients with head and neck injuries from rock climbing who present to United States emergency departments and evaluate predictors of hospitalization. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database was queried for rock climbing injuries to the head, face, mouth, neck, and ear under product code “mountain climbing” from the years 2009 to 2018. Demographics, injury characteristics, and disposition data were reviewed. Data were evaluated using chi-square analysis with Cochran-Mantel-Haenszal odds ratios (ORs). Results: An estimated 5067 patients (from 129 raw NEISS case numbers) suffered head and neck injuries from rock climbing nationally from 2009 to 2018. Concussion/closed head injury was the most common injury (44%), followed by laceration (23%), soft tissue injury (15%), neck strain/sprain (6%), skull fracture (3%), facial fracture (3%), intracranial hemorrhage (3%), cervical spine fracture (2%), unspecified facial trauma (1%), and dental trauma (0.3%). Males more frequently suffered lacerations (OR 1.6), soft tissue injuries (OR 23.3), cervical spine fractures (OR 336.7), intracranial hemorrhage (OR 582.0), and skull fractures (OR 6.2) than females. Compared to shorter falls, falls over 20 ft were more commonly associated with laceration (OR 2.0), soft tissue injury (OR 3.5), facial fracture (OR 7.5), dental trauma (OR 6.6), intracranial hemorrhage (OR 951.8), skull fracture (OR 81.2), and hospitalization (OR 3.8). Injuries associated with hospitalization included facial fracture (OR 23.7), cervical spine fracture (OR 24.6), intracranial hemorrhage (OR 2210.2), and skull fracture (OR 9.8). Conclusions: Concussions and facial lacerations are the most common head and neck injuries from rock climbing. Males more commonly suffer severe injuries. Falls over 20 ft are associated with more severe injuries and an increased likelihood of hospitalization.
First Bite Syndrome Following Rhytidectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Gunter Anne E. , Llewellyn Charles M. , Perez Paloma B. , Hohman Marc H. , Roofe Scott B. 
Published: June 2020

Background: First bite syndrome (FBS) is a known complication of parotid gland resection, parapharyngeal space dissection, and cervical sympathetic chain injury. It can be described as severe cramping or spasms in the parotid region triggered by the first bite of a meal, with the pain lessening during each subsequent bite. Although dissection for a rhytidectomy is in the vicinity of the parotid parenchyma, face-lift is not typically characterized as a procedure that can lead to FBS. Case description: A 53-year-old female underwent a deep plane face-lift to address her goals of improving jowls, nasolabial folds, and cervicomental angle. Intraoperatively, the dissection proceeded without any complications. Initially, her postoperative course was uneventful; 3 weeks after surgery, she noticed pain at the start of mastication that would improve throughout the course of a meal. She elected to proceed with observation. At 6 months after surgery, she began to experience improvement in her symptoms, and shortly thereafter had complete resolution. Discussion: First bite syndrome is a complication associated with deep lobe parotid resection, first described in 1998. The innervation of the parotid gland is complex and includes contributions from the auriculotemporal nerve, the great auricular nerve, and the cervical sympathetic chain. During rhytidectomy, dissection occurs along the parotidomasseteric fascia in order to elevate a flap of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system. Inadvertent injury to the parotid parenchyma can lead to damage to the postganglionic sympathetic fibers innervating the myoepithelial cells. Ultimately, expectant management is the mainstay of treatment and symptoms typically resolve within 6 months to 1 year. Conclusion: First bite syndrome is a complication that can be seen with a variety of facial surgeries. In the case of rhytidectomy, FBS should be considered a potential risk, as dissection into the parenchyma of the parotid gland can result in postoperative autonomic dysfunction.
Analysis of Characteristics and Survival of Primary Cutaneous Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
Authors: Behbahani Sara , Wassef David W. , Povolotskiy Roman , Pinto Jessica , Joseph Nia , Paskhover Boris 
Published: June 2020

Background/Objectives: Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma (PCACC) is a rare skin tumor. The head and neck (H&N) is the most common anatomical location. Due to limited published cases, its clinical course and management are not well understood. Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) was queried for all cases of H&N PCACC diagnosed from 2004 to 2016. Kaplan–Meier (KM) and Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine clinicopathological and treatment factors associated with survival outcomes. Results: A total of 201 cases were analyzed. The average age of diagnosis was 57.7 years (± SD 15.8). There was a female predilection (57.7%; P < .05) with the most common primary site being the ear (58.2%). The average tumor size was 15.9 mm in diameter. The most common treatment was surgery alone (51.7%) with wide local excision being the common surgery performed (36.3%). 5-year and 10-year OS were 87.0% and 76.0%, respectively. A total of 65.8% of cases were localized (Stage I and II). KM analysis indicated that gender, age, insurance status, Charlson-Deyo Comobordity Score, and stage were significant predictors of OS ( P < .05). Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that patients with both private (HR 0.11, 95%CI [0.019-0.670]; P = .02) and government (HR 0.12, 95%CI [0.019-0.972]; P = .03) health insurance had a significantly decreased hazard of death than patients who were uninsured. Increasing age was associated with an increased hazard of death (HR 1.06, 95%CI [1.016-1.110]; P = .01). Conclusion: This study represents the largest cohort of H&N PCACC studied to date and provides important clinicopathologic information for this rare tumor. Additionally, our results emphasize the importance of health insurance as an independent predictor of survival in PCACC.
Reducing ER Visits and Readmissions after Head and Neck Surgery Through a Phone-based Quality Improvement Program
Authors: Shah Mitali , Douglas Jennifer , Carey Ryan , Daftari Manvav , Smink Teresa , Paisley Allison , Cannady Steven , Newman Jason , Rajasekaran Karthik 
Published: June 2020

Objective: Evaluate the impact of a patient phone calls and virtual wound checks within 72 hours of discharge on reducing emergency room (ER) visits and readmissions. Methods: Single arm trial with comparison to historical control data of patients undergoing multi subsite head and neck cancer operations or laryngectomy between July 2017 and June 2018 at a tertiary academic medical center. Patients were contacted within 72 hours of hospital discharge. As a supplement to the call, patients were given the opportunity to video conference with and/or send pictures to the provider with additional questions via a designated wound care phone. Results: Ninety-one patients met inclusion criteria, of whom 83 (91.2%) were contacted. Six patients (7%) were readmitted, of whom three had not been able to be reached. The patients who had been unable to be contacted were readmitted for dysphagia (2), and a urinary tract infection (1). The contacted patients were advised to go the ER during the call for concerns for postoperative bleeding (2) and gastrointestinal bleeding (1). Twenty-five patients (30%) utilized the wound care phone. 18 patients (21.7%) reported that the phone call survey prevented them from going to the ER. When compared to the prior year, there was as statistically significant decrease in ER visits ( P < .05), and no change in readmissions. Conclusions: Implementation of a phone call in the early postoperative period has the potential to decrease unnecessary ER visits and enhance patient satisfaction. This may decrease strain on the health care system and improve patient care. Level of Evidence: 4
Increased stressful impact among general population in mainland China amid the COVID-19 pandemic: A nationwide cross-sectional study conducted after Wuhan city’s travel ban was lifted
Authors: Ma Zheng Feei , Zhang Yutong , Luo Xiaoqin , Li Xinli , Li Yeshan , Liu Shuchang , Zhang Yingfei 
Published: June 2020

Objectives: Our study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological responses and lifestyle changes among the general population in mainland China following the re-opening of the Wuhan city. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in April 2020. Participants of Chinese nationality aged ⩾ 18 years were asked to complete a modified validated Chinese version of a questionnaire regarding the impact of event scale (IES), family and social support, mental health–related lifestyle changes, and indicators of negative mental health impacts. Results: A total of 728 participants (i.e., 217 males and 511 females) completed the questionnaire. The mean age of the participants was 32.9 ± 10.4 years, with a majority of them (92.2%) having a higher educational qualification level. The overall mean IES in participants was 21.5 ± 7.0, reflecting mild stressful impact (i.e., following the re-opening of the Wuhan city); 25.5% of the participants had an IES score ⩾ 26. Being females and married were significantly associated with a higher mean IES score. The overall mean scores for intrusion and avoidance score scales in participants were 9.4 ± 3.7 and 12.1 ± 4.2, respectively. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased stressful impact in our participants following the re-opening of the Wuhan city when compared with our previous study, which should not be taken lightly.
Assessment of Physical Activity in Adults: A Review of Validated Questionnaires From a Nutritionist’s Point of View
Authors: Bacelis-Rivero Angela Patricia , Vázquez-Rodríguez Anabel , Carrasco-Legleu Claudia E. , De León Lidia G. , Reza-López Sandra Alicia 
Published: June 2020

Physical activity (PA) is a component of total energy expenditure. PA and PA energy expenditure (PAEE) can be estimated by objective techniques (OTs). However, the use of questionnaires is frequent in clinical settings and epidemiological studies. We conducted a search on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to perform a review of studies reporting the reliability and validity of PA questionnaires validated against OTs—doubly labeled water (DLW) or accelerometers—in free-living adults. We selected original articles published between 2009 and 2019 that reported validation studies of PA questionnaires. We identified 53 studies that fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Four PA questionnaires were validated against DLW and the remaining against accelerometers. Three questionnaires were compared with both DLW and accelerometer results. The correlation between questionnaire-estimated PAEE and DLW results ranged from r = .22 to r = .46, while that between questionnaire-estimated total PA (TPA) and accelerometer results ranged from r = .11 to r = .54 The intraclass correlation coefficients were between .56 and .84. Despite having good reliability, most of the questionnaires included in this review have shown limited validity for estimating TPA in adults. OTs should be considered as a first option, when possible. Further research is warranted on techniques to obtain more accurate PA and PAEE estimates.
Adipocytokine expression, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and TGF-β1/Smad signaling activity in diabetic patients complicated with pulmonary infection
Authors: Zha Mei , Ren Xiao-Bing , Chen Jing , Fang Ying , Yu Ping , Liu Yan-Yin , Wang Gang , Luo Jun , Yang Jing , Gou Ting-Wei 
Published: June 2020

Objective To investigate adipocytokine expression levels, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad signaling activity in diabetic patients with pulmonary infection. Methods Eighty-two type 2 diabetic patients with pulmonary infection were included in the observation group and 75 patients with simple type 2 diabetes were recruited into the control group. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and PLR in the two groups were compared. Complement-C1q/tumor necrosis factor related protein 3 (CTRP-3), complement-C1q/tumor necrosis factor related protein 9 (CTRP-9), leptin, adiponectin, and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was detected. Results Compared with patients in the control group, patients in the observation group presented with increased levels of FGB, HbA1c, and leptin, an increase in the PLR, and decreased serum CTRP-3, CTRP-9, and adiponectin levels. TGF-β1, p-Smad2, and p-Smad3 protein expression levels were up-regulated in PBMCs from patients in the observation group compared with the control group. Conclusions These results show that in type 2 diabetic patients with pulmonary infection, adipocytokine expression is altered, PLR is disturbed, and the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathways in PBMCs are significantly activated.
Association of dyslipidaemia with Alzheimer’s disease in a cohort of postmenopausal women
Authors: Li Ning , Xu Xiaoying , Mao Shuai , Jiang Ye , Hu Yadong , Xing Ruowei , Chen Yajing , Ye Junxing , Ling Li , Zeng Xianshang , Han Guowei 
Published: June 2020

Objective To evaluate the association between dyslipidaemia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in a cohort of postmenopausal women. Methods This retrospective study analysed data from postmenopausal women with early AD (group AD) and a cohort of healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects (group NC) that were considered to be within standard limits according to a neuropsychological assessment between March 2010 and March 2019. The primary endpoints were body mass index and lipid-related laboratory parameters, including leptin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol, adiponectin, triglycerides, apolipoprotein A1, apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein E4, which were evaluated using multivariate binary logistic analysis. Results The study enrolled 200 postmenopausal women with early AD (mean ± SD age 69.34 ± 6.25 years) and 180 control subjects (mean ± SD age 67.48 ± 7.42 years). Lower HDL-C and higher LDL-C were risk factors for AD. A multivariate binary logistic regression model demonstrated that lower HDL-C and higher LDL-C were the only variables associated with the development of AD (odds ratio [OR] 21.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.47, 4.13; OR 36.35, 95% CI 1.24, 3.38; respectively). Conclusion Both low HDL-C and high LDL-C were associated with the occurrence of AD in a cohort of postmenopausal women.
Feasibility of using calibrated cone-beam computed tomography scans to validate the heart dose in left breast post-mastectomy radiotherapy
Authors: Tang Bin , Ma Jiabao , Xu Jinghui , Li Jie , Kang Shengwei , Wang Pei , Wu Fan , Orlandini Lucia Clara 
Published: June 2020

Objective In post-mastectomy radiotherapy, high-conformal techniques are a valid method for determining the dose distribution around a target. However, the proximity of critical structures is a reason for concern. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of using calibrated cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans as a valid tool for a timely heart dose evaluation. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 170 retrospective CBCT scans of 17 patients who underwent high-conformal post-mastectomy irradiation. The delivered doses that were calculated using personalized calibrated CBCT were compared with the doses planned, using the dose–volume histogram dosimetric parameters. Results The heart volume that was evaluated using CBCT presented a mean increase of 6%; this discrepancy impacted the heart dose in 4 of 17 patients, with an absolute increase of V25 Gy (range, 2.5%–7.6%) and an increase in the mean dose (range, 1.1–3.4 Gy). The dose for the target, ipsilateral lung, and contralateral breast remained unchanged. Conclusion Using CBCT to monitor the dose that is delivered to the heart is feasible, allowing for a timely shift to an adaptive plan if clinically necessary.
Analysis of subjective perception and influencing factors of different inclusive education models among prelingually deaf children with a cochlear implant
Authors: Qiao Xiao-Feng , Ren Qian , Li Xin , Li Tong-Li , Mariano Redentor S. 
Published: June 2020

Objective We aimed to explore the educational outcome and influencing factors of ongoing verbal rehabilitation training together with inclusive education among prelingually deaf children with a cochlear implant. Methods Prelingually deaf children who underwent cochlear implantation, rehabilitation, and had inclusive education placement were randomly divided into two groups: one group received continuous verbal rehabilitation training under inclusive education status; the other group did not receive this training. Speech discrimination scores were determined. Results Among 60 included children, subjectively perceived academic adaptability, peer relations, initiative communication, and teacher’s involvement under inclusive education, as well as speech discrimination scores, were all significantly different between groups. Continuous verbal rehabilitation training influenced the subjective perception of children and resulted in higher speech discrimination scores and more positive subjective perception. Subjective perception was not significantly correlated with chronological age, sex, age at the time of cochlear implantation, or duration of inclusive education. Conclusion Ongoing verbal rehabilitation training within inclusive education can largely improve the education placement outcomes of prelingually deaf children with cochlear implants.