bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maintenance-Management in Light of Manufacturing 4.0
Authors: Urbani Michele , Petri Dario , Brunelli Matteo , Collan Mikael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractGlobal competition is driving the evolution of the Industry 4.0 paradigm in the manufacturing industry. In this context, maintenance can play an increasingly important role in assuring a satisfactory level of asset reliability and availability and in improving organization performance. This chapter gives an overview on maintenance policies commonly used in daily practice and presents the principles of the cutting-edge approach to predictive maintenance—prognostics and health management (PHM). Advanced predictive maintenance approaches and their technical and cost-savings potential in connection with the concept of digital twins are discussed.
Industrial Additive Manufacturing Business Models—What Do We Know from the Literature?
Authors: Savolainen Jyrki , Collan Mikael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe chapter presents results from a literature study of academic literature on business models based on additive manufacturing. The directions the existing literature is taking are presented and discussed—the underlying assumptions of the reviewed business models are critically examined and gaps in the research identified. New business models and components of business models are discussed and presented and the relationship of the new ideas is discussed in light of the previous literature.
Additive Manufacturing Cases and a Vision for a Predictive Analytics and Additive Manufacturing Based Maintenance Business Model
Authors: Urbani Michele , Collan Mikael 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis chapter discusses two real-world cases of how additive manufacturing can be used in enhancing results in heart surgery and in cutting costs in the business of maintenance and refurbishing metal dies, both without a radical change in the business model. In addition to the two real-world cases we present a vision of how additive manufacturing technologies, together with predictive analytics, digitalization, and a high level of international networking could revolutionize the business models of international maintenance service businesses.
Industry 4.0. Transformation Challenge in Light of Dynamic Capabilities
Authors: Kyläheiko Kalevi , Maijanen Päivi 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe manufacturing industry is facing drastic changes brought about by the driving forces of the so-called Industry 4.0 Transformation. The firms that want to sustain their competitive advantage have to transform their resource bases and manufacturing capabilities in a cost efficient way. The companies have to reinvent their business logic by combining their strengths in product design and manufacturing together with existing, or to-be-created new capabilities in evolving digital ecosystems. This article scrutinizes the tools that modern strategic management research can offer to overcome the challenges of organizational renewal. After analyzing different approaches developed in modern strategy research we focus on the dynamic capability view and especially on its micro-foundations and usability in the context of digitalized platform-based ecosystems will be studied. Finally, we will offer some managerial implications.
Topological term, QCD anomaly, and the η′ chiral soliton lattice in rotating baryonic matter
Authors: Nishimura Kentaro , Yamamoto Naoki 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We study the ground states of low-density hadronic matter and high-density color-flavor locked color superconducting phase in three-flavor QCD at finite baryon chemical potential under rotation. We find that, in both cases under sufficiently fast rotation, the combination of the rotation-induced topological term for the η′ meson and the QCD anomaly leads to an inhomogeneous condensate of the η′ meson, known as the chiral soliton lattice (CSL). We find that, when baryon chemical potential is much larger than isospin chemical potential, the critical angular velocity for the realization of the η′ CSL is much smaller than that for the π0 CSL found previously. We also argue that the η′ CSL states in flavor-symmetric QCD at low density and high density should be continuously connected, extending the quark-hadron continuity conjecture in the presence of the rotation.
The Prevalence of Celiac Disease in a Fracture Liaison Service Population
Authors: de Bruin Irma J. A. , Vranken Lisanne , Wyers Caroline E. , van der Velde Robert Y. , Trienekens Thera A. M. , Kaarsemaker Sjoerd , Janzing Heinrich M. J. , Wolters Frank L. , Wouda Siep , Geusens Piet P. M. M. , van den Bergh Joop P. W. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCeliac disease (CD) is a known risk factor for osteoporosis and fractures. The prevalence of CD in patients with a recent fracture is unknown. We therefore systematically screened patients at a fracture liaison service (FLS) to study the prevalence of CD. Patients with a recent fracture aged ≥ 50 years were invited to VieCuri Medical Center’s FLS. In FLS attendees, bone mineral density (BMD) and laboratory evaluation for metabolic bone disorders and serological screening for CD was systematically evaluated. If serologic testing for CD was positive, duodenal biopsies were performed to confirm the diagnosis CD. Data were collected in 1042 consecutive FLS attendees. Median age was 66 years (Interquartile range (IQR) 15), 27.6% had a major and 6.9% a hip fracture, 26.4% had osteoporosis and 50.8% osteopenia. Prevalent vertebral fractures were found in 29.1%. CD was already diagnosed in two patients (0.19%), one still had a positive serology. Three other patients (0.29%) had a positive serology for CD (one with gastro-intestinal complaints). In two of them, CD was confirmed by duodenal histology (0.19%) and one refused further evaluation. The prevalence of biopsy-proven CD was therefore 0.38% (4/1042) of which 0.19% (2/1042) was newly diagnosed. The prevalence of CD in patients with a recent fracture at the FLS was 0.38% and within the range of reported prevalences in the Western-European population (0.33–1.5%). Newly diagnosed CD was only found in 0.19%. Therefore, standard screening for CD in FLS patients is not recommended.
Almost 10 years of PET/MR attenuation correction: the effect on lesion quantification with PSMA: clinical evaluation on 200 prostate cancer patients
Authors: Bogdanovic Borjana , Gafita Andrei , Schachoff Sylvia , Eiber Matthias , Cabello Jorge , Weber Wolfgang A. , Nekolla Stephan G. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractPurposeAfter a decade of PET/MR, the case of attenuation correction (AC) remains open. The initial four-compartment (air, water, fat, soft tissue) Dixon-based AC scheme has since been expanded with several features, the latest being MR field-of-view extension and a bone atlas. As this potentially changes quantification, we evaluated the impact of these features in PET AC in prostate cancer patients.MethodsTwo hundred prostate cancer patients were examined with either18F- or68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/MR. Qualitative and quantitative analysis (SUVmean, SUVmax, correlation, and statistical significance) was performed on images reconstructed using different AC schemes: Dixon, Dixon+MLAA, Dixon+HUGE, and Dixon+HUGE+bones for18F-PSMA data; Dixon and Dixon+bones for68Ga-PSMA data. Uptakes were compared using linear regression against standard Dixon.ResultsHigh correlation and no visually perceivable differences between all evaluated methods (r > 0.996) were found. The mean relative difference in lesion uptake of18F-PSMA and68Ga-PSMA remained, respectively, within 4% and 3% in soft tissue, and within 10% and 9% in bones for all evaluated methods. Bone registration errors were detected, causing mean uptake change of 5% in affected lesions.ConclusionsBased on these results and the encountered bone atlas registration inaccuracy, we deduce that including bones and extending the MR field-of-view did not introduce clinically significant differences in PSMA diagnostic accuracy and tracer uptake quantification in prostate cancer pelvic lesions, facilitating the analysis of serial studies respectively. However, in the absence of ground truth data, we advise against atlas-based methods when comparing serial scans for bone lesions.
The impact of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic on trauma bay management and guideline adherence in a European level-one-trauma centre
Authors: Halvachizadeh Sascha , Teuben Michel , Berk Till , Neuhaus Valentin , Pape Hans-Christoph , Pfeifer Roman 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19) represents a pandemic that has led to adjustments of routine clinical practices. The initial management in the trauma bay follows detailed international valid algorithms. This study aims to work out potential adjustments of trauma bay algorithms during a global pandemic in order to reduce contamination and to increase safety for patients and medical personnel.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study compared patients admitted to the trauma bay of one academic level-one trauma centre in March and April 2019 with patients admitted in March and April 2020. Based on these datasets, possible adjustments of the current international guidelines of trauma bay management were discussed.

Results
Group Pan (2020, n = 30) included two-thirds the number of patients compared with Group Ref (2019, n = 44). The number of severely injured patients comparable amongst these groups: mean injury severity score (ISS) was significantly lower in Group Pan (10.5 ± 4.4 points) compared with Group Ref (15.3 ± 9.2 points, p = 0.035). Duration from admission to whole-body CT was significantly higher in Group Pan (23.8 ± 9.4 min) compared with Group Ref (17.3 ± 10.7 min, p = 0.046). Number of trauma bay admissions decreased, as did the injury severity for patients admitted in March and April 2020. In order to contain spreading of SARS Cov-2, the suggested recommendations of adjusting trauma bay protocols for severely injured patients include (1) minimizing trauma bay team members with direct contact to the patient; (2) reducing repeated examination as much as possible, with rationalized use of protective equipment; and (3) preventing potential secondary inflammatory insults.

Conclusion
Appropriate adjustments of trauma bay protocols during pandemics should improve safety for both patients and medical personnel while guaranteeing the optimal treatment quality. The above-mentioned proposals have the potential to improve safety during trauma bay management in a time of a global pandemic.
A history of extreme disturbance affects the relationship between the abundances of nitrifiers in soil
Authors: Jurburg Stephanie D. , Assemien Féline L. , Beaumelle Léa , Salles Joana F. , Van Elsas Jan Dirk , Le Roux Xavier 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTo understand how and to what extent single or multiple perturbations can alter the relationships between the abundances of different nitrifier groups and nitrification, soil microcosms were exposed to six disturbance treatments: a heat shock, cold shock, or control conditions applied to undisturbed soils or to soils that had previously been subjected to a first heat shock. We monitored the recovery of the abundances of four main nitrifier groups (ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria, AOA and AOB, respectively, and Nitrobacter and Nitrospira nitrite oxidizers) as well as nitrification activity for 25 days. AOA were sensitive to cold shocks, whereas AOB were not; the latter were sensitive to heat shock. Despite the variations, both groups were resilient to the first disturbance. In contrast, Nitrobacter was affected by both disturbances, whereas Nitrospira was resistant to both shocks. Prior exposure to a heat shock affected each group’s responses as well as the relationships between them. For example, AOB were more vulnerable to heat shock in pre-exposed soils, whereas under the same circumstances, AOA were resilient. Nitrification activity was resistant to the first disturbances, but a legacy effect was observed, and nitrification was highest in Heat-Heat and lowest in Heat-Cold treatments. Overall, our study shows that within soil nitrifiers, temporal patterns and legacy effects interact to result in complex disturbance responses.
Preoperative psychological distress no reason to delay total knee arthroplasty: a register-based prospective cohort study of 458 patients
Authors: Mahdi Aamir , Hälleberg-Nyman Maria , Wretenberg Per 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Introduction
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is effective in alleviating pain and improving function in patients with knee arthritis. Psychological factors are known to affect patient satisfaction after TKA. It is important to determine the effectiveness of TKA in patients with presurgical anxiety and/or depression to avoid excluding them from surgery.

Materials and methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted on all patients who underwent TKA during 2016–2018. Patients were divided into four groups: with anxiety, without anxiety, with depression, and without depression. Outcome measures comprised both generic and knee-specific instruments. Each patient group was compared regarding changes in outcome measures one year after surgery. Between-group comparison was also performed.

Results
Of the 458 patients with complete data, 15.3% and 9.6% had experienced presurgical anxiety and depression, respectively. All patient groups displayed statistical (P < 0.001) and clinical improvement in all outcome measures. Patients with presurgical anxiety and/or depression generally displayed less improvement, though the only significant mean differences concerned the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)-sport score in the non-anxiety and non-depression groups (P = 0.006 and 0.03, respectively), a higher proportion of clinically improved KOOS pain in the non-anxiety group (P = 0.03), and the general health state in the anxiety and depression groups (P = 0.004 and 0.04, respectively).

Conclusions
All patients improved in outcome measures 1 year after TKA, regardless of presurgical psychological state. Patients with presurgical anxiety and/or depression benefit greatly from surgery and should not be discriminated against based on presurgical psychological distress, though this fact should not eliminate the preoperative psychological assessment of patients.

Level of evidence
II.
Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A (LSD1) in cervical cancer
Authors: Beilner Daniel , Kuhn Christina , Kost Bernd P. , Jückstock Julia , Mayr Doris , Schmoeckel Elisa , Dannecker Christian , Mahner Sven , Jeschke Udo , Heidegger Helene Hildegard 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Purpose
Demethylation of DNA through enzymes like LSD1 showed a crucial impact on different kind of cancers. Epigenetic modifications in cervical cancer are still not fully investigated nevertheless of high interest for a therapeutic use.

Methods
Tumor samples of 250 cervical cancer patients were immunochemically stained and evaluated based on Immunoreactive Score. Results were statistically analyzed for clinical and pathological parameters.

Results
Our patient collective showed a disadvantage for 10-year survival for patients with a strong expression of LSD1 in the cytoplasm of cervical cancer cells. The results of the correlational analysis further revealed a negative correlation of LSD1 to G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER).

Conclusions
Epigenetic changes through enzymes like LSD1 may also be of interest for patients with cervical cancer. A combined therapy with other proteins relayed to cervical cancer like GPER might be of interest for future investigations.
Hepatozoon canis in hunting dogs from Southern Italy: distribution and risk factors
Authors: Pacifico L. , Braff J. , Buono F. , Beall M. , Neola B. , Buch J. , Sgroi G. , Piantedosi D. , Santoro M. , Tyrrell P. , Fioretti A. , Breitschwerdt E. B. , Chandrashekar R. , Veneziano V. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHepatozoon canis is a hemoprotozoan organism that infects domestic and wild carnivores throughout much of Europe. The parasite is mainly transmitted through the ingestion of infected ticks containing mature oocysts. The aims of the present survey were to determine the prevalence of H. canis in hunting dogs living in Southern Italy and to assess potential infection risk factors. DNA extracted from whole blood samples, collected from 1433 apparently healthy dogs living in the Napoli, Avellino, and Salerno provinces of Campania region (Southern Italy), was tested by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay to amplify H. canis. Furthermore, the investigated dog population was also screened by qPCR for the presence of Ehrlichia canis, a major tick-borne pathogen in Southern Italy, in order to assess possible co-infections. Two hundred dogs were H. canis PCR-positive, resulting in an overall prevalence of 14.0% (CI 12.2–15.9). Breed category (P < 0.0001), hair coat length (P = 0.015), and province of residence (P < 0.0001) represented significant risk factors for H. canis infection. The presence of H. canis DNA was also significantly associated with E. canis PCR positivity (P < 0.0001). Hunting dogs in Campania region (Southern Italy) are frequently exposed to H. canis, and the infection is potentially associated with close contact with wildlife. Further studies are needed to assess the pathogenic potential of H. canis, as well as the epidemiological relationships between hunting dogs and wild animal populations sharing the same habitats in Southern Italy.
Soil legacy determines arbuscular mycorrhizal spore bank and plant performance in the low Arctic
Authors: Kytöviita Minna-Maarit , Vestberg Mauritz 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHuman impact is rapidly changing vegetation globally. The effect of plant cover that no longer exists in a site may still affect the development of future vegetation. We focused on a little studied factor—arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus spore bank—and its effect on three test plant species. In a low Arctic field site, plots were maintained for 6 years, devoid of any vegetation or with a Solidago virgaurea monoculture cover. We analysed the AM fungal morphospecies composition and identified 21 morphospecies in the field plots. The AM morphospecies community was dominated by members of Acaulosporaceae. Monoculturing under low Arctic field conditions changed the soil AM spore community, which became dominated by Glomus hoi. We tested the soil feedback in the greenhouse and grew Solidago virgaurea, Potentilla crantzii and Anthoxanthum odoratum in the field soils from the plots without plant cover, covered with Solidago virgaurea or with intact vegetation. Our results suggest that monoculturing resulted in improved N acquisition by the monocultured plant species Solidago virgaurea which may be related to the AM fungus community. Our results show that a rich community of AM fungus spores may remain viable under field conditions for 6 years in the low Arctic. Spore longevity in field soil in the absence of any host plants differed among AM fungus species. We suggest that AM fungus spore longevity be considered an AM fungal life-history trait.
Lipschitz modulus of linear and convex inequality systems with the Hausdorff metric
Authors: Beer G. , Cánovas M. J. , López M. A. , Parra J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper analyzes the Lipschitz behavior of the feasible set mapping associated with linear and convex inequality systems in $${\mathbb {R}}^{n}$$

R

n

. To start with, we deal with the parameter space of linear (finite/semi-infinite) systems identified with the corresponding sets of coefficient vectors, which are assumed to be closed subsets of $${\mathbb {R}} ^{n+1}$$

R

n
+
1

. In this framework the size of perturbations is measured by means of the (extended) Hausdorff distance. A direct antecedent, extensively studied in the literature, comes from considering the parameter space of all linear systems with a fixed index set, T, where the Chebyshev (extended) distance is used to measure perturbations. In the present work we propose an appropriate indexation strategy which allows us to establish the equality of the Lipschitz moduli of the feasible set mappings in both parametric contexts, as well as to benefit from existing results in the Chebyshev setting for transferring them to the Hausdorff one. In a second stage, the possibility of perturbing directly the set of coefficient vectors of a linear system leads to new contributions on the Lipschitz behavior of convex systems via linearization techniques.
Fighting the COVID-19 Crisis: Debt Monétisation and EU Recovery Bonds
Authors: Botta Alberto , Caverzasi Eugenio , Russo Alberto 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis paper highlights some peculiar characteristics of the economic crisis induced by the spread of COVID-19. It suggests two intertwined policy measures in order to tackle the emergency phase of the crisis and to support the economy in the subsequent recovery phase. The proposed short-term policy measures offer policy responses in the event of a second wave of coronavirus infections in the coming months. In the aftermath of the emergency phase, the current proposal puts forward the implementation of a massive EU-wide recovery plan addressing the long-lasting technological and environmental challenges of these years, which will be financed by European institutions through the issuance of European Pandemic Recovery Bonds.
Mitigating the Gap Between the Rich and the Poor: Key Trends and Drivers of Redistribution
Authors: Larch Martin , Mohl Philipp 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe growing inequality of market income has attracted considerable attention; less so the redistribution of income. This article analyses key trends and drivers of income redistribution in the EU and the world. It shows that in the EU increasing redistribution has largely stabilised the dispersion of disposable income since the late 1990s. Only some advanced countries with a dominant free market ideology have recorded an increasing inequality of disposable income alongside a growing inequality of market outcomes. The evidence from panel data shows that the degree of redistribution increases with per capita income and with the share of low-tech, low-income sectors in manufacturing as well as, in line with the median voter model, when more than half of the voters earn less than the average income in countries with a majoritarian electoral system. More redistribution is associated with lower budgetary surpluses or higher deficits.
Relief, Recovery, Reform: A Retrospective on the US Policy Responses to the Great Recession
Authors: Kus Basak 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Great Recession presented the US with economic and political challenges that had not been experienced since the time of the Great Depression. This article provides a retrospective on the government’s response to the crisis ten years after the enactment of the Dodd-Frank Act, as the country is heading into its next presidential election in the midst of yet another downturn, this time fueled by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Will the Future EU-UK Free Trade Agreement Affect Foreign Direct Investment?
Authors: Carril-Caccia Federico 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThis article aims to provide new insight on how Brexit will affect foreign direct investment (FDI) into the UK. By estimating an augmented gravity equation which accounts for the depth of free trade agreements (FTAs) as well as for EU and euro area membership, the article gauges the potential impact that different EU-UK trade scenarios might have on FDI flows and stocks. Results show that under a no-deal scenario, FDI flows from the EU into the UK would plunge by 25.9% – 40.6%, and inward FDI stocks would decrease by 49.2% – 53.9%. However, the depth of the future FTA can mitigate this negative outcome. More generally, the article shows that the FDI costs of leaving the EU would be significantly higher for the euro area countries.