bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of EUS-guided FNB using a Franseen needle for tissue acquisition and microsatellite instability evaluation in unresectable pancreatic lesions
Authors: Sugimoto Mitsuru , Irie Hiroki , Takagi Tadayuki , Suzuki Rei , Konno Naoki , Asama Hiroyuki , Sato Yuki , Nakamura Jun , Takasumi Mika , Hashimoto Minami , Kato Tsunetaka , Kobashi Ryoichiro , Kobayashi Yasuyuki , Hashimoto Yuko , Hikichi Takuto , Ohira Hiromasa 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: The efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in the treatment of microsatellite instability (MSI)-high tumors was recently reported. Therefore, the acquisition of histological specimens is desired in cases of unresectable solid pancreatic lesions (UR SPLs). This study investigated the efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy (EUS-FNB) using a Franseen needle for UR SPL tissue acquisition and MSI evaluation.Methods: A total of 195 SPL patients who underwent EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) or EUS-FNB (EUS-FNAB) between January 2017 and March 2020 were enrolled in this study. Among them, 89 SPL patients (FNB: 28 patients, FNA: 61) underwent EUS-FNAB using a 22-G needle (UR SPLs: 58 patients, FNB: 22, FNA: 36) (UR SPLs after starting MSI evaluation: 23, FNB: 9, FNA: 14).Results: The puncture number was significantly lower in FNB than in FNA (median (range): 3 (2-5) vs 4 (1-8), P < 0.01, UR SPLs: 3 (2-5) vs 4 (1-8), P = 0.036). Histological specimen acquisition was more common in FNB than in FNA (92.9% (26/28) vs 68.9% (42/61), P = 0.015, UR SPLs: 100% (22/22) vs 72.2% (26/36), P < 0.01). The histological specimen required for MSI evaluation was acquired more often in FNB than in FNA (88.9% (8/9) vs 35.7% (5/14), P = 0.03).Conclusions: EUS-FNB using a Franseen needle could be efficient for histological specimen acquisition and sampling the required amount of specimen for MSI evaluation in UR SPL patients.
Evolutionary Pattern of Macaca Fascicularis in Southeast Asia Inferred Using Y-chromosomal Gene
Authors: Rovie-Ryan Jeffrine J , Khan Faisal Ali Anwarali , Abdullah Mohd Tajuddin 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: We analyzed a combined segment (2,032-bp) of the sex-determining region and the testis-specific protein of the Y-chromosome (Y-DNA) gene to clarify the gene flow and phylogenetic relationships of the long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Southeast Asia. Phylogenetic relationships were constructed using the maximum likelihood, Bayesian inference, and the median-joining network from a total of 164 adult male M. fascicularis from 62 localities in Malaysia, including sequences from the other regions from previous studies. Results: Based on Y-DNA, we confirm the presence of two lineages of M. fascicularis: the Indochinese and Sundaic lineages. The Indochinese lineage is represented by M. fascicularis located northwards of the Surat Thani-Krabi depression region and is contaminated by the Macaca mulatta Y-DNA. The Sundaic lineage is free from such hybridization event, thus defined as the pure carrier of the M. fascicularis Y-DNA. We further revealed that the Sundaic lineage differentiated into two forms: the insular and the continental forms. The insular form, which represents the ancestral form of M. fascicularis, consists of two haplotypes: a single homogenous haplotype occupying the island of Borneo, Philippines, and southern Sumatra; and the Javan haplotype. The more diverse continental form consists of 17 haplotypes in which a dominant haplotype was shared by individuals from southern Thai Peninsular (south of Surat Thani-Krabi depression), Peninsular Malaysia, and Sumatra. Uniquely, Sumatra contains both the continental and insular Y-DNA which can be explained by a secondary contact hypothesis. Conclusions: Overall, the findings in this study are important: 1) to help authority particularly in Malaysia on the population management activities including translocation and culling of conflict M. fascicularis, 2) to identify the unknown origin of captive M. fascicularis used in biomedical research, and; 3) the separation between the continental and insular forms warrants for the treatment as separate management units.
Circular RNA circMYL1 inhibit proliferation and promote differentiation of myoblasts by sponging miR-2400
Authors: Elnour Ibrahim E. , Wang Xiaogang , Zhansaya Toremurat , Zhanerke Akhatayeva , Khan Rajwali , Cheng Jie , Huang Yongzhen , Lan Xianyong , Lei Chuzhao , Chen Hong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) involved in regulating skeletal muscle development by sponging microRNAs (miRNAs). This study aimed to define the circMYL1 molecular mechanisms in the regulation of bovine myogenesis and to disclose its regulatory mechanism through miR-2400 interaction.
Methods
The potential role of circMYL1 was identified in the proliferation of bovine myoblast through mRNA and protein expression of proliferation marker genes (PCNA, CyclinD1, and CDK2), cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay, flow cytometry analysis, and EdU assay. Analysis of the expression of differentiation marker genes (MyoD, MyoG, and MYH2) and immunofluorescence of Myosin heavy chain (MyHC) was used to assess cell differentiation.
Results
The proliferation analysis revealed that circMYL1 inhibited the proliferation of bovine primary myoblast. Furthermore, the differentiation analysis demonstrated that circMYL1 promoted the differentiation of bovine primary myoblast. The luciferase screening and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays found that circMYL1 could have interaction with miR-2400. Additionally, we demonstrated that miR-2400 promoted proliferation and inhibited differentiation of bovine primary myoblast, while circMYL1 may eliminate the effects of miR-2400, as showed by rescue experiments.
Conclusions
Our results revealed that a novel circular RNA of circMYL1 could inhibit proliferation and promote differentiation of myoblast by sponging miR-2400.
Experimental realization of phase-controlled dynamics with hybrid digital-analog approach
Authors: Tao Ziyu , Zhang Libo , Li Xiaole , Niu Jingjing , Luo Kai , Yi Kangyuan , Zhou Yuxuan , Jia Hao , Liu Song , Yan Tongxing , Chen Yuanzhen , Yu Da-Peng 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Quantum simulation can be implemented in pure digital or analog ways, each with their pros and cons. By taking advantage of the universality of a digital route and the eﬃciency of analog simulation, hybrid digital-analog approaches can enrich the possibilities for quantum simulation. We use a unique hybrid approach to experimentally perform a quantum simulation of phase-controlled dynamics resulting from a closed-contour interaction (CCI) within certain multi-level systems in superconducting quantum circuits. Due to symmetry constraints, such systems cannot host an inherent CCI. Nevertheless, by assembling analog modules corresponding to their natural evolutions and specially designed digital modules constructed from standard quantum logic gates, we can bypass such constraints and realize an eﬀective CCI in these systems. Based on this realization, we demonstrate a variety of related and interesting phenomena, including phase-controlled chiral dynamics, separation of chiral enantiomers, and a new mechanism to generate entangled states based on CCI.
Definitive-intent uniform megavoltage fractioned radiotherapy protocol for presumed canine intracranial gliomas: retrospective analysis of survival and prognostic factors in 38 cases (2013-2019).
Authors: DEBREUQUE MAUD , DE FORNEL Pauline , DAVID INGRID , DELISLE FRANCOISE , DUCERVEAU MARIE-NOELLE , DEVAUCHELLE PATRICK , THIBAUD JEAN-LAURENT 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Radiotherapy (RT) is currently considered the treatment of choice for presumed canine intracranial gliomas. However, variable therapeutic responses are described, due to heterogeneous populations and different radiation methods or protocols. Only one study dedicated to intracranial suspected glioma highlighted prognostic criteria. Determination or confirmation of specific clinical and imaging prognostic factors may guide the therapeutic management of these tumors. The objectives were to provide data on long-term clinical outcome (including quality of life, QoL) and to determine specific prognostic factors associated with survival time. We report a single-institution retrospective study, including all dogs with suspected symptomatic primary solitary intracranial glioma, treated with a complete uniform fractionated megavoltage radiation protocol of 15x3Gy over 5 weeks, between January 2013 and February 2019. Thirty-eight client-owned dogs were included. Medical records were retrospectively evaluated for median overall survival time (MST), clinical and imaging responses. Prognostic factors on survival were researched in terms of signalment, clinical presentation, tumor imaging characteristics and response following RT. Finally, the RT’s impact on the dogs’ clinical signs and Qol were evaluated by the owners. Results: The MST was 698 days (95% CI: 598-1135). Survival at 1 and 2 years were respectively 74.2±7.4% and 49.0±9.8%. Initial clinical signs were related to survival, as well as tumor characteristics such as cystic-pattern, mass effect and Tumour/Brain volume ratio. No significant adverse effect or radiotoxicity was observed. Conclusions: RT appears as a safe and effective treatment for canine intracranial gliomas, allowing long-term tumor control, improvement of life’s quality and management of associated clinical signs. The initial clinical signs and MRI descriptions (Tumour/Brain volume ratio, cyst-like lesion and mass effect) may help predict the prognosis.
Encoding Motivation Prediction Errors in the Human Dopaminergic Reward System
Authors: Ni Yinmei , Wang Sidong , Su Jie , Li Jian , Wan Xiaohong 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The dopaminergic reward system encoding the reward PE signals is vital for reinforcement learning (RL). Although this reward PE hypothesis has been extensively validated, it remains considerable debates on the alternative account of motivation. In the current study, we diverted the participants’ motivation from the conditioned stimulus (CS)-associated valences to the CS-elicited actions in a variant Pavlovian conditioning task under appetitive and aversive conditions. We found that the regions in the dopaminergic reward system did not encode such bidirectional reward PE signals, but the PE magnitudes, namely, the motivation PE signals. These neural signals without indicating the directions of learning could not be directly used for model-free RL, but probably for model-based control. Specifically, the ventral striatum during the feedback phase might encode the need of adjusting the learning policy, while the putative substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) in the midbrain and the putamen during the prediction phase might sustain the intended actions. Meanwhile, the primary motor cortex encoded the salience PE signals for model-free RL. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that the human dopaminergic reward system could encode the motivation PE signals to substantialize model-based control, rather than model-free learning, suggesting that its involvement in RL should be motivation-dependent.
Can We Use Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing an Alternative Method to the Conventional Tests in Haematological Malignancies?
Authors: Atli Emine Ikbal , Gurkan Hakan , Atli Engin , Kirkizlar Hakki Onur , Yalcintepe Sinem , Demir Selma , Demirci Ufuk , Eker Damla , Mail Cisem , Kalkan Rasime , Demir Ahmet Muzaffer 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Advanced diagnostic methods give a huge advantage for identification of the abnormalities in myeloid malignancies. Researchers tried to show the potential importance of genetic tests both before the onset of the disease and during the remission. Large testing panels prevents false negative results in myeloid malignancies. But the important question is how can be merged with conventional cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic techniques together with NGS technologies. Methods: In this paper, we draw an algorithm for evaluation of the malignancies. In order to evaluation of genetic abnormities we performed cytogenetics, molecular cytogenetics and NGS testing panels in hematologic malignancies. In this study, we analyzed 132 patients which are referred to Medical Genetics Laboratory within different type of hematologic malignancies. We highlighted possible algorithm for cytogenetically normal cases.Results: We analyzed cytogenetically normal patients by using NGS 141 gene panel and we detected two or more pathogenic variations in 20 out of 132 patients.Conclusions: Despite of long turnaround time conventional techniques is still golden standard for myeloid malignancies but sometimes cryptic gene fusions or complex abnormalities cannot easily be identified by conventional techniques that conditions advanced technologies are recommended.
Whole-genome microsynteny-based phylogeny of angiosperms
Authors: Zhao Tao , Xue Jiayu , Zwaenepoel Arthur , Kao Shu-min , Li Zhen , Schranz M. , de Peer Yves Van 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Plant genomes are generally very complex and dynamic structures, and vary greatly in size, organization, and architecture. This is mainly due to the often-excessive numbers of transposable and repetitive elements, as well as to the fact that many plants are ancient or recent polyploids. Such (recurrent) whole-genome duplications are usually followed by genomic rearrangements, gene transpositions and gene loss, making local gene order-based phylogenetic inference particularly challenging. Nevertheless, microsynteny, i.e. the conservation of local gene content and order, has been recognized as a valuable and alternative phylogenetic character to sequence-based characters (nucleotides or amino acids) for the inference of phylogenetic trees, but to date its application for reconstructing larger phylogenies has been, for several reasons, limited. Here, by combining synteny network analysis, matrix representation, and maximum likelihood, we have reconstructed a microsynteny-based phylogenetic tree for more than 120 available high-quality plant genomes, representing more than 50 different plant families and 30 plant orders within the angiosperms. Comparisons with sequence alignment-based trees and current phylogenetic classifications show that we reconstruct very accurate and robust phylogenies, albeit with sometimes important alternative sister-group relationships. For instance, our synteny-based tree positioned Vitales as early-diverging eudicots, Saxifragales belongs to superasterids, and magnoliids as sister to monocots. We discuss how synteny-based phylogeny can be complementary to traditional methods and could provide additional insights into some long-standing controversial phylogenetic relationships.
A Sixteen-years Delay in Sun-related Terrestrial Warming
Authors: Nieuwenhuizen A.C.T. , Jager C. de , Nieuwenhuijzen H. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
In an earlier paper De Jager et al. (2018) studied the relation between the intensity variations of the variable equatorial and polar solar magnetic energy sources and that of the average terrestrial northern hemisphere ground temperature. It was found that during the period 1610 to about 1920 the variation in the smoothed terrestrial temperature and those of the solar magnetic radiation are well correlated but that after that an additional temperature increase became prominent, to reach around the year 2000 a value of about one degree above the sun-dependent forecast. In the present paper an additional aspect of the above material is described, and we find that, apart from the above mentioned features, there is a delayed component of the sun-related heating with a time lag of about 16 years. The resulting relation between the variable flux of the solar magnetic energy and the average - smoothed – northern hemisphere ground temperature is presented in our final diagram, Fig. 13. Our results confirm earlier findings by other authors that ascribe such a time lag to glacier warming and cooling.
Mild Hyponatremia is Associated with Low Skeletal Muscle Mass, Physical Function Impairment, and Depressive Mood in the Elderly
Authors: Fujisawa Chisato , Umegaki Hiroyuki , Sugimoto Taiki , Samizo Satoshi , Huang Chi Hsien , Fujisawa Haruki , Sugimura Yoshihisa , Kuzuya Masafumi , Toba Kenji , Sakurai Takashi 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Mild hyponatremia (serum sodium 130-135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte disorder in the elderly. However, its association with both sarcopenia and cognitive function remains to be clarified. Therefore, here we investigated the association of mild hyponatremia with skeletal muscle mass, physical function, and cognitive function in the elderly. Methods: We enrolled 75 participants with mild hyponatremia and 2872 with normonatremia (serum sodium, 136-145 mEq/L) aged ≥70 years who visited the Memory Disorder Outpatient Center of Japan’s National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology. Skeletal muscle mass index (SMI), grip strength (GS), walking speed (WS), one-leg standing (OLS) test times, and neuropsychological test scores were determined. Results: One-way analysis of covariance showed that the participants with mild hyponatremia had significantly lower SMI, GS, WS, OLS time, and score on the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale compared with those with normonatremia. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that mild hyponatremia was independently associated with weaker GS (odds ratio [OR]: 2.3, p = 0.048), slower WS (OR: 7.6, p = 0.01) and shorter OLS time (OR: 2.1, p = 0.03) as well as with severe depressive mood (OR: 2.6, p = 0.001) but not with sarcopenia (OR: 1.9, p = 0.09) or SMI (OR: 1.7, p= 0.1). Conclusions: Our results suggest mild hyponatremia in the elderly was associated with impairment of physical function, especially including WS and OLS, and depressive mood.
Early warning score using electronically-held data for patients discharged from intensive care units
Authors: Pimentel Marco , Johnson Alistair , Darbyshire Julie , Tarassenko Lionel , Clifton David , Walden Andrew , Rechner Ian , Young Duncan , Watkinson Peter 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Rationale. Intensive care units (ICUs) admit the most severely ill patients. Once these patients are discharged from the ICU to a step-down ward, they continue to have their vital signs monitored by nursing staff, with early warning score (EWS) systems being used to identify those at risk of deterioration. Objectives. We report the development and validation of an enhanced continuous scoring system for predicting adverse events, which combines vital signs measured routinely on acute care wards (as used by most EWSs) with a risk score of a future adverse event calculated on discharge from ICU.Methods. A modified Delphi process identified common, and candidate variables frequently collected and stored in electronic records as the basis for a ‘static’ score of the patient’s condition immediately after discharge from the ICU. L1-regularised logistic regression was used to estimate the in-hospital risk of future adverse event. We then constructed a model of physiological normality using vital-sign data from the day of hospital discharge, which is combined with the static score and used continuously to quantify and update the patient’s risk of deterioration throughout their hospital stay. Data from two NHS Foundation Trusts (UK) were used to develop and (externally) validate the model.Measurements and Main Results. A total of 12,394 vital-sign measurements were acquired from 273 patients after ICU discharge for the development set, and 4,831 from 136 patients in the validation cohort. Outcome validation of our model yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.724 for predicting ICU re-admission or in-hospital death within 24h. It showed an improved performance with respect to other competitive risk scoring systems, including the National EWS (NEWS, 0.653). Conclusion. We showed that a scoring system incorporating data from a patient’s stay in ICU has better performance than commonly-used EWS systems based on vital signs alone.
Risk Factors for Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury in Critical Patients Admitted in Intensive Care Unit: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hu Lunyang , Wang Baoli , Jiang Yong , Zhu Banghui , Wang Chen , Yu Qing , Hou Wenjia , Xia Zhaofan , Wu Guosheng , Sun Yu 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Until now, transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) has been considered to be the leading cause of blood transfusion-related diseases and death. And there is no clinically effective treatment plan for TRALI. The aim of this study was to systematically summarize the literature on risk factors for TRALI in critical patients. Methods: Electronic searches (up to March 2020) were performed in the Cochrane Library, Web of Knowledge, Embase, and PubMed databases. We included studies reporting on the risk factors of TRALI for critical patients and extracted the risk factors. Finally, third studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: We summarized and analyzed the potential risk factors of TRALI for critical patients in 13 existing studies. The host-related factors were age (odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval] = 1.16 [1.08-1.24]), sex (OR = 1.26 [1.16-1.38]), tobacco use status (OR = 3.82 [1.91-7.65]), chronic alcohol abuse (OR = 3.82 [2.97-26.83]), fluid balance (OR = 1.24 [1.08-1.42]), shock before transfusion (OR = 4.41 [2.38-8.20]), and ASA score of the recipients (OR = 2.72 [1.43-5.16]). The transfusion-related factors were the number of transfusions (OR = 1.40 [1.14-1.72]) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) units (OR = 1.21 [1.01-1.46]). The device-related factor was mechanical ventilation (OR = 4.13 [2.20-7.76]). Conclusions: The risk factors for TRALI in this study included age, sex, tobacco use, chronic alcohol abuse, fluid balance, shock before transfusion, ASA score, number of transfusions, FFP units and mechanical ventilation. Our study suggests that host-related risk factors play a more important role in the occurrence and development of TRALI than blood transfusion-related risk factors.