bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ni‐ and Co‐Substituted Metallic MoS2 for the Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Attanayake Nuwan H. , Dheer Lakshay , Thenuwara Akila C. , Abeyweera Sasitha C. , Collins Coby , Waghmare Umesh V. , Strongin Daniel R. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA metallic MoS2 (M−MoS2) catalyst containing either Ni or Co with excellent activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under alkaline electrocatalytic conditions was investigated. To synthesize the 3d transition metal containing electrocatalysts, 1–20 at.% Ni or Co was substituted into the lattice of orthorhombic MoO3 and the doped metal oxide precursor was sulfided and converted to Ni/M−MoS2 or Co/M−MoS2. Raman spectroscopy and photoelectron spectroscopy were used to verify that the Ni or Co substituted MoS2 was the metallic‐like 1T′ phase of the metal dichalcogenide. The 10 at.% Ni/M−MoS2 (10 at.% Co/M−MoS2) electrochemical HER catalyst investigated under alkaline conditions exhibited a low onset potential of ∼−75 mV (∼−100 mV) and overpotential of −145 mV (−160 mV) at a current density of 10 mA/cm2. Pristine M−MoS2 exhibited both a higher onset potential of ∼−150 mV and a higher overpotential of −240 mV at 10 mA/cm2. First‐principles density functional theory analysis showed that substitution of 3d transition metals like Ni and Co in the metallic MoS2 structure notably stabilized the distorted polytype of 1T′−MoS2, lowering the free energy for H binding and H2O dissociation, both important steps in alkaline HER, giving rise to enhanced activity towards HER.
Differentiation between Carbon Corrosion and Oxygen Evolution Catalyzed by NixB/C Hybrid Electrocatalysts in Alkaline Solution using Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Möller Sandra , Barwe Stefan , Dieckhöfer Stefan , Masa Justus , Andronescu Corina , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCarbon is a frequently used electrode material and an important additive in catalyst films. Its corrosion is often reported during electrocatalysis at high anodic potentials, especially in acidic electrolyte. Investigation of the carbon corrosion in alkaline environment is difficult due to the CO2/CO32− equilibrium. We report the on‐line determination of electrolysis products generated on NixB/C hybrid electrocatalysts in alkaline electrolyte at anodic potentials using differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS). NixB/C catalyst films were obtained from mixtures containing different ratios of NiXB and benzoxazine monomers followed by polymerization and pyrolysis. The impact of the composition of the electrocatalyst on the dominant electrolysis process allows to distinguish between the oxygen evolution reaction and carbon corrosion using DEMS results as well as the catalyst surface composition evaluated from X‐ray photoelectron spectra. At the imposed highly oxidative conditions, an increasing amount of NixB in the electrocatalyst leads to a suppression of carbon corrosion.
Nondiagnostic fine‐needle aspirates of the pancreas: A root cause analysis
Authors: Gokozan Hamza N. , Michael Claire W. 
Published: June 2020

BackgroundFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of the pancreas is considered the primary and least invasive diagnostic method in the evaluation of pancreatic lesions. A nondiagnostic sample may trigger repeat FNA or a more invasive diagnostic procedure. The goal of this study was to identify the root causes of nondiagnostic samples.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of FNAs of the pancreas categorized as nondiagnostic at our institution between 2008 and 2019. Medical records and slides were reviewed to identify the features described by imaging, rapid on‐site evaluation, fluid chemistry, final cytology diagnosis, and final histology. A root cause analysis was performed using the Ishikawa (or fishbone) diagram and the 5 Whys method.ResultsA total of 30 cases were identified: 11 adenocarcinomas, 6 cases of pancreatitis, 4 intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, 3 serous cystadenomas, 3 neuroendocrine tumors, 1 mucinous cystic neoplasm, 1 retention cyst, and 1 case of Brunner gland hyperplasia. The root causes identified were: man in 8 cases, machine in 1 case, method in 17 cases, and material in 18 cases. In many cases, more than 1 root cause contributed to the problem.ConclusionMaterial related errors contributed to the majority of nondiagnostic results and were primarily related to fibrotic cancers, chronic pancreatitis, absence of diagnostic criteria of cystic lesions, and technically challenging cases. Only 1 major interpretation error was identified. Sampling and interpretive errors contributed equally to man‐related causes. For mucinous cysts, neoplastic mucin was difficult to identify in liquid‐based preparations. Pathologists tended to issue a nondiagnostic categorization when epithelial cells are lacking and particularly when the nature and radiological impression of the cyst was not communicated.
A single case series using visuospatial task interference to reduce the number of visual intrusive memories of trauma with refugees
Authors: Kanstrup Marie , Kontio Evelina , Geranmayeh Anahita , Olofsdotter Lauri Klara , Moulds Michelle L. , Holmes Emily A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe current worldwide so‐called "refugee crisis" has led to an unprecedented increase in migration globally. Because of stigma and language barriers, mental health care for refugees is limited. There is a need for novel, scalable psychological interventions. We investigated whether a brief behavioural intervention involving a memory reminder cue and Tetris gameplay on a smartphone reduces intrusive memories in refugees using a single case (N = 4) ABAB withdrawal design. The baseline phase (A) included a no‐intervention week; the intervention phase (B) included an in‐person session with the researchers, comprised of the behavioural intervention followed by self‐guided use in daily life the following week. All participants reported a decrease in intrusive memories after the intervention, as well as functional improvements (e.g., in concentration). Importantly, participants rated the intervention as feasible and acceptable. As one in‐person session was effective in persistent intrusion reduction, ABAB proved not to be the optimal design as intrusions did not rebound in the withdrawal phase. Findings are promising and highlight the need for further evaluation of novel interventions for mental health problems in refugees.
A stakeholder‐centric paradigm bids well for the “business case” ‐ An investigation through moderated‐mediation model
Authors: Javed Muzhar , Akhtar Muhammad Waheed , Husnain Mudassir , Lodhi Rabnawaz , Emaan Sonia 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis study examines the effect of responsible governance on a firm's financial performance and corporate reputation using the lens of stakeholder theory and signaling theory. We believe that no single theory fully underpins all the hypothesized relationships. This study also investigates the indirect effect of responsible governance on a firm's financial performance and corporate reputation via corporate social responsibility (CSR). Further, drawing on contingency perspective and using the lens of upper echelon theory, we test the moderating effect of different orientations of responsible leadership on the relationship between responsible governance and CSR. After, adopting a multi‐wave research design and using a survey method, we find that responsible governance significantly improves a firm's financial performance and reputation. Further, we find that CSR mediates the relationship between responsible governance and firm‐level outcomes. Moreover, moderating results reveal that the orientation of a traditional economist and an opportunity seeker strengthen the relationship between responsible governance and CSR whereas the orientation of an integrator and an idealist weaken this relationship. The study concludes with its implications and directions for future research.
Interpretation biases and depressive symptoms among anxiety‐disordered children: The role of individual differences in respiratory sinus arrhythmia
Authors: Trent Erika S. , Viana Andres G. , Raines Elizabeth M. , Conroy Haley E. , Storch Eric A. , Zvolensky Michael J. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractIndividual differences in interpretation biases—the tendency to interpret ambiguous stimuli as threatening—partially explain the presence of comorbid depressive symptoms among anxious youth. Increasing efforts have examined physiological processes that influence the association between interpretation biases and depressive symptoms in this population, and potential gender differences in this relationship. This study examined the moderating role of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) suppression (i.e., decrease from baseline)—an index of parasympathetic nervous system reactivity—in the association between interpretation biases and depressive symptoms in clinically anxious youth. One‐hundred‐and‐five clinically anxious children (Mage = 10.09 years, SD = 1.22; 56.7% female; 61.9% racial/ethnic minority) completed measures of self‐reported and behaviorally indexed interpretation biases, reported anxiety/depression symptom severity, and participated in a speech task. RSA suppression during the task moderated the association between interpretation biases and depressive symptom severity in the total sample. Separate exploratory moderation analyses were conducted among girls and boys. Among girls, RSA suppression moderated the association between behaviorally indexed interpretation biases and depressive symptoms, and marginally moderated (p = .067) the association between self‐reported interpretation biases and depressive symptoms. Among boys, RSA suppression was not a significant moderator. These findings may help identify clinically anxious youth most at‐risk for comorbid depressive symptoms.
Perissodactyl diversities and responses to climate changes as reflected by dental homogeneity during the Cenozoic in Asia
Authors: Bai Bin , Meng Jin , Janis Christine M. , Zhang Zhao‐Qun , Wang Yuan‐Qing 
Published: June 2020

AbstractCenozoic mammal evolution and faunal turnover are considered to have been influenced and triggered by global climate change. Teeth of large terrestrial ungulates are reliable proxies to trace long‐term climatic changes due to their morphological and physicochemical properties; however, the role of premolar molarization in ungulate evolution and related climatic change has rarely been investigated. Recently, three patterns of premolar molarization among perissodactyls have been recognized: endoprotocrista‐derived hypocone (type I); paraconule–protocone separation (type II); and metaconule‐derived pseudohypocone (type III). These three patterns of premolar molarization play an important role in perissodactyl diversity coupled with global climate change during the Cenozoic in Asia. Those groups with a relatively higher degree of premolar molarization, initiated by the formation of the hypocone, survived into Neogene, whereas those with a lesser degree of molarization, initiated by the deformation of existing ridges and cusps, went extinct by the end of the Oligocene. In addition, the hypothesis of the “Ulan Gochu Decline” is proposed here to designate the most conspicuous decrease of perissodactyl diversity that occurred in the latest middle Eocene rather than at the Eocene–Oligocene transition in Asia, as conventionally thought; this event was likely comparable to the contemporaneous post‐Uintan decline of the North American land fauna.
MPPT circuit with analog control suitable for solar cars
Authors: Kano Fumihisa , Kasai Yuji , Kimura Hideki , Funato Hirohito 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) circuit composed of analog circuits suitable for solar cars. The MPPT controller circuit, which consists of analog switches and two op‐amps achieved precise MPPT during solar power generation. This MPPT controller circuit was constructed using a small number of CMOS elements, and the circuit of the step‐up DC‐DC converter achieved a conversion efficiency higher than 98% as well as weight reduction. Eighteen of the proposed MPPT circuits were installed (in serial and in parallel) in a solar car called “2013 Tokai Challenger” at an international competition, and it was shown that it could generate sufficient power supply from solar power.
Cluster of differentiation 44 promotes osteosarcoma progression in mice lacking the tumor suppressor Merlin
Authors: Ma Junzhi , Klemm Janina , Gerardo‐Ramírez Monserrat , Frappart Lucien , Castven Darko , Becker Diana , Zoch Ansgar , Parent Romain , Bartosch Birke , Minnich Kerstin , Giovannini Marco , Danckwardt Sven , Hartmann Nils , Morrison Helen , Herrlich Peter , Marquardt Jens U. , Hartmann Monika 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMerlin is a versatile tumor suppressor protein encoded by the NF2 gene. Several lines of evidence suggest that Merlin exerts its tumor suppressor activity, at least in part, by forming an inhibitory complex with cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44). Consistently, numerous NF2 mutations in cancer patients are predicted to perturb the interaction of Merlin with CD44. We hypothesized that disruption of the Merlin‐CD44 complex through loss of Merlin, unleashes putative tumor‐ or metastasis‐promoting functions of CD44. To evaluate the relevance of the Merlin‐CD44 interaction in vivo, we compared tumor growth and progression in Cd44‐positive and Cd44‐negative Nf2‐mutant mice. Heterozygous Nf2‐mutant mice were prone to developing highly metastatic osteosarcomas. Importantly, while the absence of the Cd44 gene had no effect on the frequency of primary osteosarcoma development, it strongly diminished osteosarcoma metastasis formation in the Nf2‐mutant mice. In vitro assays identified transendothelial migration as the most prominent cellular phenotype dependent on CD44. Adhesion to endothelial cells was blocked by interfering with integrin α4β1 (very late antigen‐4, VLA‐4) on osteosarcoma cells and CD44 upregulated levels of integrin VLA‐4 β1 subunit. Among other putative functions of CD44, which may contribute to the metastatic behavior, the passage through the endothelial cells also appears to be critical in vivo, as CD44 significantly promoted formation of lung metastasis upon intravenous injection of osteosarcoma cells into immunocompromised mice. Altogether, our results strongly suggest that CD44 plays a metastasis‐promoting role in the absence of Merlin.
Detection of a large spectrum of viral infections in conjunctival premalignant and malignant lesions
Authors: Galati Luisa , Combes Jean Damien , Gupta Purnima , Sen Rajdip , Robitaille Alexis , Brancaccio Rosario Nicola , Atsou Kueshivi , Cuenin Cyrille , McKay‐Chopin Sandrine , Tornesello Maria Lina , Buonaguro Franco Maria , Clifford Gary , Gheit Tarik , Tommasino Massimo 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo study the interaction between HIV and other carcinogenic infections in conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), we evaluated the presence of a broad spectrum of human viruses in conjunctiva specimens. Beta Human papillomavirus (HPV; n = 46), gamma HPV (n = 52), polyomaviruses (n = 12) and herpes viruses (n = 3) was determined in DNA extracted from 67 neoplastic and 55 non‐neoplastic conjunctival tissues of HIV‐positive and HIV negative subjects by Luminex‐based assays. Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) was also used to further characterize the presence of cutaneous HPVs. Detection of beta‐2 HPV infections was associated with the risk of neoplasia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3‐6.8), regardless of HIV status (HIV positive, aOR 2.6, 95% CI 0.9‐7.7; HIV negative, aOR 3.5, 95% CI 0.9‐14.4). EBV was strongly associated with the risk of neoplasia (aOR 12.0, 95% CI 4.3‐33.5; P < .01) mainly in HIV individuals (HIV positive, aOR 57.5; 95% CI: 10.1‐327.1; HIV negative aOR 2.6; 95% CI: 0.2‐34.7). NGS allowed to identify 13 putative novel HPVs in cases and controls. Our findings suggest a role of beta HPV types and EBV, in conjunctival SCC. However, additional studies of viral expression in tumor tissue are required to confirm the causal association.
Alternative management for gynecological cancer care during the COVID‐2019 pandemic: A Latin American survey
Authors: Rodriguez Juliana , Fletcher Angélica , Heredia Fernando , Fernandez Robinson , Ramírez Salazar Heidy , Sanabria Daniel , Burbano Luna Javier , Guerrero Eduardo , Pierre Marc‐Edy , Rendón Gabriel J. , Rosero Indira , Trujillo Lina María , Ribeiro Reitan , Baiocchi Glauco , Lopez Blanco Aldo , Malca Magaly , Hoegl Jorge , Borges Garnica Alfredo , Lasso de la Vega Jorge , Scasso Santiago , Laufer Joel , Estrada Erick Estuarto , Gutierrez Criado Armando , Herbert Nuñez Guillermo Sidney , Cantú‐de Leon David , Medina Gonzalo , Pendola Gómez Luis , Saadi José , Noll Florencia , Arévalo Sandoval Danilo , Ferreira Oliveira Alexandre , Pareja Rene 
Published: June 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the acceptance rate of treatment alternatives for women with either preinvasive conditions or gynecologic cancers during the COVID‐19 pandemic among Latin American gynecological cancer specialists.MethodsTwelve experts in gynecological cancer designed an electronic survey, according to recommendations from international societies, using an online platform. The survey included 22 questions on five topics: consultation care, preinvasive cervical pathology, and cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancer. The questionnaire was distributed to 1052 specialists in 14 Latin American countries. A descriptive analysis was carried out using statistical software.ResultsA total of 610 responses were received, for an overall response rate of 58.0%. Respondents favored offering teleconsultation as triage for post‐cancer treatment follow‐up (94.6%), neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer (95.6%), and total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy and defining adjuvant treatment with histopathological features in early stage endometrial cancer (85.4%). Other questions showed agreement rates of over 64%, except for review of pathology results in person and use of upfront concurrent chemoradiation for early stage cervical cancer (disagreement 56.4% and 58.9%, respectively).ConclusionLatin American specialists accepted some alternative management strategies for gynecological cancer care during the COVID‐19 pandemic, which may reflect the region’s particularities.The COVID‐19 pandemic led Latin American specialists to accept alternative management strategies for gynecological cancer care, especially regarding surgical decisions.
Trend‐cycle Estimation Using Fuzzy Transform and Its Application for Identifying Bull and Bear Phases in Markets
Authors: Nguyen Linh , Novák Vilém , Mirshahi Soheyla 
Published: June 2020

SummaryThis paper is focused on one of the fundamental problems in financial time‐series analysis; namely, the identification of the historical bull and bear phases. We start with the proof that the trend‐cycle can be well estimated using the technique of a higher degree fuzzy transform. Then, we suggest a mathematical definition of the bull and bear phases and provide a novel technique for their identification. As a consequence, the turning points (i.e. the points where the market changes its phase) are detected. We illustrate our methodology on several examples.
A Signature of Circulating miRNAs Associated With Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone: the mirDys Study
Authors: Legrand Mélanie A , Millet Marjorie , Merle Blandine , Rousseau Jean-Charles , Hemmendinger Anaelle , Gineyts Evelyne , Sornay-Rendu Elisabeth , Szulc Pawel , Borel Olivier , Croset Martine , Chapurlat Roland 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a rare bone disease caused by activating mutations of GNAS encoding the Gsα protein, enhancing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production by overstimulation of adenylyl cyclase and impairing osteoblastic differentiation. The clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic to polyostotic forms with severe disability, explained by the mosaic distribution of the GNAS mutation. Physicians have to deal with the gap of knowledge in FD pathogenesis, the absence of prognostic markers and the lack of specific treatment. The identification of specific biomarkers for FD is an important step to improve the clinical and therapeutic approaches. An epigenetic regulation driven by microRNAs (miRNAs), known as promising biomarkers in bone disease, could be involved in FD. We have sought circulating miRNAs that are differentially expressed in FD patients compared to controls and would reflect dysregulations of osteogenesis-related genes and bone disorder. The global miRNA profiling was performed using Next Generation Sequencing in patient serum collected from a discovery cohort of 20 patients (10 polyostotic and 10 monostotic) and 10 controls. From these, we selected 19 miRNAs for a miRNA validation phase from serum of 82 patients and 82 controls, using real-time qPCR. Discovery screening identified 111 miRNAs differentially expressed in patient serum, after adjusting for the false discovery rate (FDR). Among the 82 patients, 55% were polyostotic, and 73% were women with a mean age of 42 years. Six miRNAs (miR-25-3p, miR-93-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-324-5p, miR-363-3p, and miR-451a) were significantly overexpressed in serum, with FDR &lt;0.05. The expression level of these six miRNAs was not associated with the FD severity. In conclusion, we identified a signature of circulating miRNAs associated with FD. These miRNAs are potential negative regulators of gene expression in bone cell progenitors, suggesting their activity in FD by interfering with osteoblastic and osteoclastic differentiation to impair bone mineralization and remodeling processes. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.