bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Citizen and stakeholder led priority setting for long-term care research: identifying research priorities within the Translating Research in Elder Care (TREC) Program
Authors: Chamberlain Stephanie A. , Estabrooks Carole A. , Keefe Janice M. , Hoben Matthias , Berendonk Charlotte , Corbett Kyle , Gruneir Andrea 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The Translating Research in Elder Care (TREC) program is a longitudinal partnered program of research in Western Canada that aims to improve the quality of care and quality of life for residents and quality of worklife for staff in long-term care settings. This program of research includes researchers, citizens (persons living with dementia and caregivers of persons living in long-term care), and stakeholders (representatives from provincial and regional health authorities, owner-operators of long-term care homes). The aim of this paper is to describe how we used priority setting methods with citizens and stakeholders to identify ten priorities for research using the TREC data.

Methods
We adapted the James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership method to ensure our citizens and stakeholders could identify priorities within the existing TREC data. We administered an online survey to our citizen and stakeholder partners. An in-person priority setting workshop was held in March 2019 in Alberta, Canada to establish consensus on ten research priorities. The in-person workshop used a nominal group technique and involved two rounds of small group prioritization and one final full group ranking.

Results
We received 72 online survey respondents and 19 persons (citizens, stakeholders) attended the in-person priority setting workshop. The workshop resulted in an unranked list of their ten research priorities for the TREC program. These priorities encompassed a range of non-clinical topics, including: influence of staffing (ratios, type of care provider) on residents and staff work life, influence of the work environment on resident outcomes, and the impact of quality improvement activities on residents and staff.

Conclusions
This modified priority setting approach provided citizens and stakeholders with an opportunity to identify their own research priorities within the TREC program, without the external pressures of researchers. These priorities will inform the secondary analyses of the TREC data and the development of new projects. This modified priority setting may be a useful approach for research teams trying to engage their non-academic partners and to identify areas for future research.
Reconstructing and forecasting the COVID-19 epidemic in the United States using a 5-parameter logistic growth model
Authors: Chen Ding-Geng , Chen Xinguang , Chen Jenny K. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Many studies have modeled and predicted the spread of COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) in the U.S. using data that begins with the first reported cases. However, the shortage of testing services to detect infected persons makes this approach subject to error due to its underdetection of early cases in the U.S. Our new approach overcomes this limitation and provides data supporting the public policy decisions intended to combat the spread of COVID-19 epidemic.

Methods
We used Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data documenting the daily new and cumulative cases of confirmed COVID-19 in the U.S. from January 22 to April 6, 2020, and reconstructed the epidemic using a 5-parameter logistic growth model. We fitted our model to data from a 2-week window (i.e., from March 21 to April 4, approximately one incubation period) during which large-scale testing was being conducted. With parameters obtained from this modeling, we reconstructed and predicted the growth of the epidemic and evaluated the extent and potential effects of underdetection.

Results
The data fit the model satisfactorily. The estimated daily growth rate was 16.8% overall with 95% CI: [15.95, 17.76%], suggesting a doubling period of 4 days. Based on the modeling result, the tipping point at which new cases will begin to decline will be on April 7th, 2020, with a peak of 32,860 new cases on that day. By the end of the epidemic, at least 792,548 (95% CI: [789,162, 795,934]) will be infected in the U.S. Based on our model, a total of 12,029 cases were not detected between January 22 (when the first case was detected in the U.S.) and April 4.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate the utility of a 5-parameter logistic growth model with reliable data that comes from a specified period during which governmental interventions were appropriately implemented. Beyond informing public health decision-making, our model adds a tool for more faithfully capturing the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic.
Effect of soil application of humic acid and bio-humic on yield and fruit quality of “Kalamata” olive trees
Authors: Abd El-Razek E. , Haggag Laila F. , El-Hady Eman S. , Shahin M. F. M. 
Published: May 2020

AbstractBackgroundThe present study was carried out during the two successive seasons of 2016 and 2017 on “Kalamata” olive trees (Olea europaeaL.), at a private orchard located on Cairo-Ismailia Km 107 desert Road, Egypt. The trees were treated with four soil applications as follows: (T1) control (water only), (T2) organic matter of 10 kg chicken manure was added in both side of the tree under drip irrigation system at the 1stweek of January, (T3) organic matter+100 cm3humic acid (Actosol®) for each tree,(T4) organic matter+bio-humic which contain 100 cm3Actosol®and 150 cm3ofAzotobacter chroococcum,Bacillus megaterium, andBacillus circulansin equal doses. Humic acid and bio-humic were added 3 times at the 1stweek of March (full bloom), at 1stweek of May (starting fruit set stage), and at the last week of July in the third stage of fruit development (70% of final fruit size) to study the effect of humic acid and bio-humic on the yield and fruit quality of Kalamata olive trees.ResultsThe result showed that all treatments improve the nutrient status (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu) of the leaves, yield (kg/tree) and fruit quality, i.e., fruit weight, volume, specific gravity, dimension, and shape index, as well as fruit moisture content percentage and oil percentage in FW and DW than the control. Within all treatments, the bio-humic treatment (T4) is recommended, since it had the highest value of these parameters in comparison with the other treatments or control.ConclusionIt could be concluded that improving yield and fruit quality attributed to the positive effect of organic matter alone or in combination with humic or bio-humic in increasing the cation exchange capacity of the soil, reducing soil pH, enhancing the root development, increasing the root/shoot ratio, and production of root hairs of olive trees which increase the active uptake for most of the nutrients in the soil. In addition, bio-humic contains three bacteria that are now considered as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) that play a great role in providing trees with NPK as bio-fertilizers and increased also the mineral status. Therefore, bio-humic positive effects reflected on improving the yield and fruit quality of Kalamata olive trees. In general, organic manure in combination with bio-humic had great effects on improving the yield and fruit quality of Kalamata olive trees than using organic manure alone or use organic manure combined with humic acid.
Correlation between global longitudinal strain and SYNTAX score in coronary artery disease evaluation
Authors: Abdelrazek Gomaa , Yassin Alaa , Elkhashab Khaled 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Speckle tracking echocardiography may allow the evaluation of myocardial systolic and diastolic dynamics across different physiologic and pathologic conditions beyond traditional echocardiographic techniques. The use of STE longitudinal strain in identification and risk stratification of CAD has good reproducibility and accuracy. The study aims to detect the relationship between SYNTAX score and global longitudinal peak systolic strain (GLPSS) in patients undergoing coronary angiography, with no history of myocardial infarction.

Results
The study included 70 symptomatic patients suspected to have chronic coronary syndrome aging 20–80 years (excluding those with significant structural heart disease). All patients underwent clinical evaluation, surface ECG, laboratory assessment, transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE), color TDI tracings, two-dimensional speckle tracking, and conventional coronary angiography with SYNTAX score calculation. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on the results of the coronary angiogram: normal CAD on angiogram (n = 10, control group), low SS (n = 25, SS < 22), and high SS (n = 35, SS ≥ 22).
The mean age was 55 ± 9.6 years; 54% were males; two third of patients were hypertensive; 52% were diabetic; high percentage of high syntax score were noticed among males, diabetic patients, and smokers; and also low mean of GLS was noticed among diabetic patients and smokers. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between syntax score and each of LVEDD and LVESD and, on the other hand, statistically significant negative correlation between syntax score and each of E/A, GLS, AP2LS, AP3LS, and AP4LS was noticed. Peak GLS cutoff value of 17.8 and 16.5 showed 84% and 93% sensitivity and 70% and 91% specificity to detect high and low syntax score, respectively.

Conclusion
2D longitudinal strain analysis has incremental diagnostic value over visual assessment during echocardiography in predicting significant coronary artery disease; GLS may offer a potential sensitive tool to detect significant CAD.
Comparison between the outcome of single versus multiple uterine fibroids after uterine artery embolization
Authors: Elsharkawy Ahmed M. , Elsaeed Haytham H. , Kamel Ahmed H. , Morgan Robert , Elshafey Mohamed H. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumor of the reproductive tract in women. Uterine artery embolization has been approved as an alternative treatment option for uterine fibroids to reduce uterine and fibroid volumes as well as to relieve the patient symptoms. The current study included 80 patients with symptomatic uterine fibroids. All patients underwent pre-embolization MRI, uterine artery embolization, and follow-up post-embolization MRI at 6 months post procedure for a reduction in uterine and dominant fibroid volumes. The aim of the study was to assess the role of transcatheter uterine artery embolization in reducing the uterine fibroid volume.

Results
There was a significant difference in the uterine volume reduction between a group with single fibroids and a group with multiple uterine fibroids The mean uterine volume reduction in the first group was 46.5% compared to 37.4% reduction in the second group. While there was no significant difference in the dominant fibroid volume reduction between both groups (48.8% and 44.9% respectively).

Conclusions
UAE has a high efficacy in the reduction of both the uterine volume and the dominant fibroid volume, which results in improvement in patient’s quality of life.
Cardiometabolic Medicine: Development of a New Subspecialty
Authors: Saxon David R , Reiter-Brennan Cara , Blaha Michael J , Eckel Robert H 
Published: May 2020

Abstract

Context
The worldwide rise in the prevalence of cardiometabolic disease, and the introduction of therapeutic options for treating metabolic disease that also lower cardiovascular risk, calls for a restructuring of how we care for patients with cardiometabolic disease. We propose establishment of a new medicine subspecialty, Cardiometabolic Medicine.

Evidence Acquisition
This summary is based on a synthesis of published original and review articles identified through PubMed, professional society guidelines, and the authors’ knowledge of the fields of metabolism, diabetes, and cardiology.

Evidence Synthesis
The growing prevalence of cardiometabolic disease will continue to be perhaps the greatest challenge in the United States and throughout the world. We have entered an era where a large set of clinical tools are available that help prevent and treat cardiometabolic disease; however, our old models of clinical training and siloed care are barriers to rapid uptake and efficient healthcare delivery and are in need of change.

Conclusions
Establishing the field of Cardiometabolic Medicine would be a small step in the right direction towards providing the best possible comprehensive care for those with complex cardiometabolic disease.
Incidence, Prediction, and Causes of Unplanned 30-Day Hospital Admission After Ambulatory Procedures
Authors: Teja Bijan , Raub Dana , Friedrich Sabine , Rostin Paul , Patrocínio Maria D. , Schneider Jeffrey C. , Shen Changyu , Brat Gabriel A. , Houle Timothy T. , Yeh Robert W. , Eikermann Matthias 
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND:
Unanticipated hospital admission is regarded as a measure of adverse perioperative patient care. However, previously published studies for risk prediction after ambulatory procedures are sparse compared to those examining readmission after inpatient surgery. We aimed to evaluate the incidence and reasons for unplanned admission after ambulatory surgery and develop a prediction tool for preoperative risk assessment.

METHODS:
This retrospective cohort study included adult patients undergoing ambulatory, noncardiac procedures under anesthesia care at 2 tertiary care centers in Massachusetts, United States, between 2007 and 2017 as well as all hospitals and ambulatory surgery centers in New York State, United States, in 2014. The primary outcome was unplanned hospital admission within 30 days after discharge. We created a prediction tool (the PREdicting admission after Outpatient Procedures [PREOP] score) using stepwise backward regression analysis to predict unplanned hospital admission, based on criteria used by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, within 30 days after surgery in the Massachusetts hospital network registry. Model predictors included patient demographics, comorbidities, and procedural factors. We validated the score externally in the New York state registry. Reasons for unplanned admission were assessed.

RESULTS:
A total of 170,983 patients were included in the Massachusetts hospital network registry and 1,232,788 in the New York state registry. Among those, the observed rate of unplanned admission was 2.0% (3504) and 1.7% (20,622), respectively. The prediction model showed good discrimination in the training set with C-statistic of 0.77 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77–0.78) and satisfactory discrimination in the validation set with C-statistic of 0.71 (95% CI, 0.70–0.71). The risk of unplanned admission varied widely from 0.4% (95% CI, 0.3–0.4) among patients whose calculated PREOP scores were in the first percentile to 21.3% (95% CI, 20.0–22.5) among patients whose scores were in the 99th percentile. Predictions were well calibrated with an overall ratio of observed-to-expected events of 99.97% (95% CI, 96.3–103.6) in the training and 92.6% (95% CI, 88.8–96.4) in the external validation set. Unplanned admissions were most often related to malignancy, nonsurgical site infections, and surgical complications.

CONCLUSIONS:
We present an instrument for prediction of unplanned 30-day admission after ambulatory procedures under anesthesia care validated in a statewide cohort comprising academic and nonacademic hospitals as well as ambulatory surgery centers. The instrument may be useful in identifying patients at high risk for 30-day unplanned hospital admission and may be used for benchmarking hospitals, ambulatory surgery centers, and practitioners.
Early childhood bilingualism: effects on brain structure and function
Authors: Goksan Sezgi , Argyri Froso , Clayden Jonathan D. , Liegeois Frederique , Wei Li 
Published: May 2020

Growing up in a bilingual environment is becoming increasingly common. Yet, we know little about how this enriched language environment influences the connectivity of children’s brains. Behavioural research in children and adults has shown that bilingualism experience may boost executive control (EC) skills, such as inhibitory control and attention. Moreover, increased structural and functional (resting-state) connectivity in language-related and EC-related brain networks is associated with increased executive control in bilingual adults. However, how bilingualism factors alter brain connectivity early in brain development remains poorly understood. We will combine standardised tests of attention with structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in bilingual children. This study will allow us to address an important field of inquiry within linguistics and developmental cognitive neuroscience by examining the following questions: Does bilingual experience modulate connectivity in language-related and EC-related networks in children? Do differences in resting-state brain connectivity correlate with differences in EC skills (specifically attention skills)? How do bilingualism-related factors, such as age of exposure to two languages, language usage and proficiency, modulate brain connectivity? We will collect structural and functional MRI, and quantitative measures of EC and language skills from two groups of English-Greek bilingual children - 20 simultaneous bilinguals (exposure to both languages from birth) and 20 successive bilinguals (exposure to English between the ages of 3 and 5 years) - and 20 English monolingual children, 8-10 years old. We will compare connectivity measures and attention skills between monolinguals and bilinguals to examine the effects of bilingual exposure. We will also examine to what extent bilingualism factors predict brain connectivity in EC and language networks. Overall, we hypothesize that connectivity and EC will be enhanced in bilingual children compared to monolingual children, and each outcome will be modulated by age of exposure to two languages and by bilingual language usage.
Lack of change in CA1 dendritic spine density or clustering in rats following training on a radial-arm maze task
Authors: Craig Emma , Dillingham Christopher M. , Milczarek Michal M. , Phillips Heather M. , Davies Moira , Perry James C. , Vann Seralynne D. 
Published: May 2020

Background: Neuronal plasticity is thought to underlie learning and memory formation. The density of dendritic spines in the CA1 region of the hippocampus has been repeatedly linked to mnemonic processes. Both the number and spatial location of the spines, in terms of proximity to nearest neighbour, have been implicated in memory formation. To examine how spatial training impacts synaptic structure in the hippocampus, Lister-Hooded rats were trained on a hippocampal-dependent spatial task in the radial-arm maze. Methods: One group of rats were trained on a hippocampal-dependent spatial task in the radial arm maze. Two further control groups were included: a yoked group which received the same sensorimotor stimulation in the radial-maze but without a memory load, and home-cage controls. At the end of behavioural training, the brains underwent Golgi staining. Spines on CA1 pyramidal neuron dendrites were imaged and quantitatively assessed to provide measures of density and distance from nearest neighbour. Results: There was no difference across behavioural groups either in terms of spine density or in the clustering of dendritic spines. Conclusions: Spatial learning is not always accompanied by changes in either the density or clustering of dendritic spines on the basal arbour of CA1 pyramidal neurons when assessed using Golgi imaging.
Variable structure and provision of guideline-based care in specialist heart failure centres in the UK: a survey of 100 health professionals
Authors: Masters Helena , Freeman Jon , Dixon Samantha 
Published: May 2020

Background/aimsChronic heart failure is a common condition with a poor prognosis, and its prevalence is increasing in the UK and elsewhere. Patients with heart failure require complex multidisciplinary care, with appropriate medicines optimisation, nursing support and management of comorbidities, ideally delivered via a multidisciplinary team integrated between the community and the hospital. This study aimed to investigate how heart failure care services are structured and delivered.MethodsA survey of 100 health professionals in 79 heart failure centres was conducted by post or telephone using the same structured question format.ResultsThere was widespread variability in the provision of key elements of heart failure nursing (specialist heart failure nurses, nurse prescriber, nurse consultant). A total of 15% of trusts had no local consultant with special interest in heart failure; 73% had no pharmacist; and 83% had no mental health specialist working in the heart failure healthcare team. Dedicated administrative support was absent in 24% of trusts. One-fifth (20%) did not offer exercise rehabilitation. A total of 68% reported insufficient resources available locally for individualised exercise rehabilitation, in accordance with guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence.ConclusionsThe structure and provision of heart failure care is variable across the UK, and not always consistent with current guidelines. Reducing this variability across the UK is an urgent priority and will require increased resources, especially for specialist nurses embedded within the routine care of patients with chronic heart failure.
The management of paediatric burns with Burns and Wounds ointment and burdock leaves: a case series
Authors: Nathan Shelby , Nanassy Autumn D , Burkey Brooke A , Davis Wellington J , Glat Paul M 
Published: May 2020

Objective: In the Amish community, natural therapies, such as Burns and Wounds (B&W) ointment and burdock leaves, are preferred over modern medicine when treating burn wounds. The primary aim of this case series is to highlight the use and clinical outcomes of this treatment for paediatric Amish patients. Method: At the a paediatric burn centre, two patients were treated with B&W ointment and burdock leaves. The first patient was 11 months old with 17% total body surface area (TBSA) partial and full-thickness scald burns to her lower extremities. The second patient was 24 months old with 20% TBSA partial-thickness scald burns to the torso, bilateral upper extremities, neck and chin. Results: Soon after presentation to the hospital, both patients developed positive wound cultures and required cessation of ointment and burdock leaf therapy. Both patients ultimately underwent surgical interventions. Conclusion: Managing burn wounds with B&W ointment and burdock leaves should be considered as an additional option for wound care in select cases. However, the efficacy of this therapy is limited and standard-of-care modern medical burn treatments should remain an option for these patients. It is critically important to build a mutually respectful relationship with Amish patients' community leaders, as this allows open communication and collaboration in patient care and increases the likelihood that Amish guardians will bring their children to a hospital when necessary.