bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement accuracy of two professional-use systems for point-of-care testing of blood glucose
Authors: Baumstark Annette , Jendrike Nina , Kamecke Ulrike , Liebing Christina , Pleus Stefan , Freckmann Guido 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
The professional-use systems HemoCue® Glucose 201+ (HC201+) and HemoCue® Glucose 201 RT (HC201RT) are widely used for point-of-care testing (POCT) of blood glucose (BG). HC201RT utilizes unit-use microcuvettes which can be stored at room temperature, whereas HC201+ microcuvettes have to be stored at <8 °C. In this study, system accuracy of HC201+ and HC201RT was evaluated using capillary and venous blood samples.

Methods
For each system, two reagent system lots were evaluated within a period of 2 years based on testing procedures of ISO 15197:2013, a standard applicable for self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) systems. For each reagent system lot, the investigation was performed by using 100 capillary and 95 to 99 venous blood samples. Comparison measurements were performed with a hexokinase laboratory method. Accuracy criteria of ISO 15197:2013 and POCT12-A3 were applied. In addition, bias was analyzed according to Bland and Altman, and error grid analysis was performed.

Results
When measuring capillary samples, both systems fulfilled accuracy requirements of ISO 15197:2013 and POCT12-A3 with the investigated reagent system lots. When measuring venous samples, only HC201+ fulfilled these requirements. Bias between HC201+ and reference measurements was more consistent over venous and capillary samples and microcuvette lots than for HC201RT. Error grid analysis showed that clinical actions might have been different depending on which system was used.

Conclusions
In this study, HC201+ showed a high level of accuracy irrespective of the sample type (capillary or venous). In contrast, HC201RT measurement results were markedly affected by the type of sample.
Investigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking Behaviour of Mg-Al-Zn Alloys in Different pH Environments by SSRT Method
Authors: Catar Recep , Altun Hikmet 
Published: November 2019

AbstractIn this study, stress corrosion behaviors of AZ31, AZ61 and AZ91 Mg alloys which contain different amounts of Al were investigated under acidic, basic and neutral environments having chloride ions using Slow Strain Rate Test (SSRT) method. Stress corrosion indexes (ISCC), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation of AZ31, AZ61, and AZ91 Mg alloys were determined and compared. Slow strain rate test showed that three Mg alloys in basic environments were the least stress corrosion susceptible, while the most stress corrosion susceptible occurred in acidic environments. Also, it has been shown that the stress corrosion indexes of AZ91 Mg alloys are less than AZ31 and AZ61 Mg alloys in all environments. UTS and elongation of AZ61 Mg alloys were higher than those of AZ31 and AZ91 in all media. The fracture of surface images also examined in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and both intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) and transgranular stress corrosion cracking (TGSCC) were observed in all three alloys.
Antibacterial Activities of Transition Metal complexes of Mesocyclic Amidine 1,4-diazacycloheptane (DACH)
Authors: Rehman Sadia , Ikram Muhammad , Subhan Fazle , Sinnokrot Mutasem , Khan Waliullah 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe titled compound 1,4-diazacycloheptane have vibrational freedom which allows it to coordinate to metal through 1st and 4th positions. Copper (II) and Nickel (II) complexes of DACH were prepared and characterized through UV-Visible, FT-IR, elemental analyses, conductance, and magnetic susceptibilities and compared to the results published in Inorg. Chem., 8(3), 528 (1969). The prepared complexes bearing different coordinating or non-coordinating anions were screened against four different pathogenic bacterial strains to study anionic effect on antibacterial activity. The MIC values of all the compounds suggest that [Cu(DACH)2Br2] is almost inactive against the tested microbes except Staph aureus. Rest of the metal complexes are active at their respective MIC values.
A new prospective on the role of melatonin in diabetes and its complications
Authors: Mok Jia Xin , Ooi Jack Hau , Ng Khuen Yen , Koh Rhun Yian , Chye Soi Moi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland under the control of the circadian rhythm, and is released in the dark and suppressed during the day. In the past decades, melatonin has been considered to be used in the treatment for diabetes mellitus (DM). This is due to a functional inter-relationship between melatonin and insulin. Elevated oxidative stress is a feature found in DM associated with diabetic neuropathy (DN), retinopathy (DR), nephropathy and cardiovascular disease. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrogen oxidative species (NOS) are usually produced in massive amounts via glucose and lipid peroxidation, and this leads to diabetic complications. At the molecular level, ROS causes damage to the biomolecules and triggers apoptosis. Melatonin, as an antioxidant and a free radical scavenger, ameliorates oxidative stress caused by ROS and NOS. Besides that, melatonin administration is proven to bring other anti-DM effects such as reducing cellular apoptosis and promoting the production of antioxidants.
Ovarian cancer screening in the general population
Authors: Mathis Jérôme , Jellouli Mohammed Amine , Sabiani Laura , Fest Joy , Blache Guillaume , Mathevet Patrice 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Background
Ovarian carcinoma is a poor prognosis cancer mainly due to its late diagnosis. Its incidence is relatively low but mortality is high. The symptomatology is only slightly specific, which complicates diagnostic management. It would therefore be interesting to be able to establish a diagnosis as early as possible in order to improve the prognosis of patients suffering from ovarian cancer.

Materials and methods
Currently, the combination of an ultrasound examination with a cancer antigen (CA)-125 assay is the most effective diagnostic technique, but not already admitted as a screening method. Therefore, we realized an exhaustive analysis of the most important studies in the last 15 years, in order to find new approaches in ovarian cancer screening.

Results
The age for initiating screening and its frequency are issues that are not fully resolved. The false positives and morbidity that result from screening are currently notable limitations.

Conclusions
The latest data do not support effective screening in the general population.
Pero Mexía and the otium of varied reading
Authors: Folger Robert 
Published: November 2019

Abstract

Otium(leisure), idleness (ociosidad) and labor (negocio/trabajo) are central categories in Pedro Mexía’s Silva de varia lección (1540), one of the most influential and popular miscellanea of the Early Modern Period, in Spain and Europe. In his work we see the breakdown of the opposition of ocio and negocio in the context of a new aristocratic ideology. Mexía’s reflections on leisure and intellectual labor shed new light on the nature of the mental sufferings of Cervantes’s Don Quijote, and contemporaries’ views of the hidalgo’s favorite pastime: reading.
Ideologías lingüísticas y prácticas heteroglósicas
Authors: Bürki Yvette 
Published: November 2019

Resumen
Esta contribución muestra un cambio de ideología lingüística generacional al interior de familias latinoamericanas o mixtas (padre suizo y madre latinoamericana) que radica en el paso de una ideología monoglósica y purista de las madres latinoamericanas, y que además son las transmisoras del español en casa, a otras ideologías lingüísticas alternativas que muestran las mujeres de segunda generación, y que no sólo reconocen las prácticas heteroglósicas como una forma normal de comunicación, sino que la reivindican como una forma identitaria y creativa. Este fenómeno lingüístico ha sido observado también por otros especialistas desde marcos epistemológicos que se ajustan a las nuevas realidades socioculturales influenciadas y moldeadas por la globalización (Dovchin 2016; Sultana et al. 2015; Ag y Jørgensen 2012; Otsuji y Pennycook 2010; Blackledge & Creese 2008; Pennycook 2007). Efectivamente, las constelaciones que llevan el sello de la globalización han desdibujado la conexión inequívoca entre espacios y lenguas e individuos; la enorme diversificación étnica y lingüística y la expansión de las comunicaciones transnacionales que permiten las nuevas tecnologías no hacen ya posible trazar conexiones simples y claras entre estas tres dimensiones.
El artículo se basa en un estudio realizado a partir de un set de datos de 14 conversaciones como parte de un corpus bastante más amplio desarrollado en el marco de un proyecto exploratorio cuyo objetivo es indagar sobre la ideologías e identidades (lingüísticas) de persona que se adscriben al colectivo latinoamericano en la Suiza germanoparlante. Para este estudio se han utilizado aproximaciones teórico-metodológicas de la sociolingüística de la globalización y de migración (Zimmermann y Morgenthaler 2007), que privilegia una perspectiva glotopolítica, y de la sociolingüística cognitiva (Caravedo 2014; Kristiansen 2001), centrando así la mirada en los cambios perceptivos y su impacto en las ideologías e identidades (lingüísticas) en contextos de migración.
Making Weight: Maintaining Body Mass for Weight Class Barbell Athletes
Authors: Moore Jerica L. , Travis S. Kyle , Lee Michelle L. , Stone Michael H. 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Weightlifting and powerlifting are strength and power sports requiring athletes to participate in precompetition weigh-ins. Many athletes attempt to gain a competitive edge over smaller competitors by reducing body mass. Although these methods may seem advantageous, there are many negative outcomes that outweigh potential positive performance effects. Manipulating body mass can be performed effectively with minimal side effects; however, weightlifters and powerlifters participating in 2-hour weigh-ins should not cut weight at the expense of optimizing strength and power adaptations.
Vertical Force Production in Soccer: Mechanical Aspects and Applied Training Strategies
Authors: Loturco Irineu , Bishop Chris , Freitas Tomás T. , Pereira Lucas A. , Jeffreys Ian 
Published: November 2019

ABSTRACT
Vertical force production (VFP) is widely recognized as a critical determinant of performance in a series of soccer-specific activities, such as sprinting, jumping, and changing direction. Therefore, practitioners are constantly seeking better and more effective strategies to improve VFP in professional soccer players. This article analyzes the mechanical aspects associated with the actual role played by VFP in elite soccer, and also examines and highlights the training considerations related to its appropriate and effective development during modern soccer seasons.
Effect of Multidirectional Forging with Decreasing Temperature on the Microstructure and Microhardness of the Aluminum-Magnesium-Scandium-Zirconium Alloy
Authors: Sitdikov O. S. , Avtokratova E. V. , Murzinova M. A. , Markushev M. V. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Evolution of the microstructure and microhardness of the cast and homogenized aluminum alloy 1570C (aluminum [Al]-5 magnesium [Mg]-0.18 manganese [Mn]-0.2 scandium [Sc]-0.08 zirconium [Zr], wt. %) were studied under multidirectional forging (MDF) with decreasing the temperature. Sequential compression passes were performed at a strain rate of 10−2 s−1 with 90° changing of the loading axes from pass to pass; with the strain per pass of Δe = 0.7 and the 25°C decrease of temperature in each pass, starting from 450°C (T = 0.8 Tm). It has been shown that the alloy ductility was sufficient for straining the samples without cracking up to the total strain of Σe = 10.5 at 100°C (about 0.4 Tm). In the initial state, the alloy possessed a coarse-grained structure with a grain size of about 25 μm and a uniform distribution of the Al3(Sc,Zr) nanoscale aluminides. MDF led to a continuous grain refinement. At relatively low strains, Σe ≤ 4.2 (and high temperatures, T ≥ 325°C), new grains were evolved mainly in the mantle areas of initial grains, resulting in the formation of a bimodal (sub)grain structure, which persisted up to Σe = 8.4 (T = 175°C). During further MDF, the alloy structure became more homogeneous and fine-grained, and at Σe = 10.5 (T = 100°C), it almost completely transformed into a nanocrystalline grain structure with a crystallite size of 100–150 nm, stabilized by nanodispersed Al3(Sc,Zr) precipitates. The average size of the deformation-induced (sub)grains in the whole range of strains (temperatures) studied obeyed a power-law function of the flow stresses with the exponent close to −0.75. The microhardness testing showed that MDF did not lead to the notable alloy hardening in the samples deformed at relatively high temperatures (T &gt; 325°C) and low strains (Σe &lt; 4.2). With further processing, in contrast, a significant (about 1.5 times) hardness increase took place in accordance with the Hall-Petch relationship.
Comparison of Prediction Capabilities of Flow Stress by Various Constitutive Equation Models for Hot Deformation of Aluminum Matrix Composites
Authors: Neelima P. , Narayana Murty S. V. S. , Chakravarthy P. 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
One of the important objectives of studies on the hot deformation of materials is the development of constitutive equations that represent the flow stress of the material as a function of strain, strain rate, and temperature useful for the structural designers in finite element analysis. While the constitutive analysis is fairly simple for pure metals and dilute alloys at high temperatures and low strain rates (low flow stresses), it can get complicated at high stresses and with the presence of a second phase, such as those in metal matrix composites. In the present work, the hot deformation behavior of aluminum matrix composites was studied by developing constitutive equations using Johnson–Cook (JC), modified JC (m-JC), Arrhenius, and modified Zerilli and Armstrong (m-ZA) models, and the prediction capability of these models was compared based on average absolute error (Δ). Further, the effect of reinforcement on activation energy of these composites was studied by varying parameters, viz., nature of reinforcement, volume fraction, and size. Out of the four constitutive models studied, the average absolute error is lowest for m-JC and Arrhenius models, and the flow stress values predicted by these two models compare well with the experimental data. Material constants of all the constitutive models for silicon carbide particulate (SiCp)-reinforced AA2124 composites with various volume fractions (5–30 %) were evaluated and provided as a database for the numerical simulations of hot deformation of these composites. To validate the constitutive equations, power dissipation maps have been developed for AA2124-15 vol % SiCp-reinforced composites, and it was found that the predicted flow stress data obtained from m-JC and Arrhenius equations could successfully reproduce the efficiency of power dissipation, indicating their better predictability of flow stress over JC and m-ZA models. Constitutive equations are quantified for 28 aluminum alloys and their composites, and physical interpretation of the constants of Arrhenius equation was provided.
Microstructure Evolution and Impedance Analysis of 7YSZ Thermal Barrier Coating during Gas Thermal-Shock
Authors: Chen Wen-Long , Liu Min , Zhuang Sai-rang , Xiao Xiao-Ling 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
A gas thermal-shock experiment of thermal barrier coating was carried out in air up to 1,250°C in order to simulate the thermal cycling process of the engine blades during the start heating and shut cooling. The growth of thermal growth oxide (TGO) layer and microstructure evolution of YSZ layer during thermal cycling process were investigated systematically by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy testing and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the thickness of TGO layer increases when increasing the frequency of thermal cycling, and the impedance response of middle frequencies is more and more remarkable. Meanwhile, initiation and growth of microcracks occur in YSZ layer during the gas thermal-shock experiment. The corresponding impedance characterization of YSZ layer after 100 cycles is similar to the as-sprayed sample, indicating that the YSZ microcracks could heal in a short time when sintered at high temperature. But after 300 cycles, the impedance spectroscopy of YSZ layer is quite different from the as-sprayed sample, with the corresponding impedance of YSZ grain boundary becoming more and more remarkable when prolonging the thermal-shock times, indicating that unhealing microcracks form in the YSZ layer, which may be the main reason to induce the failure of YSZ layer.
From State-to-Trait Meditation: Reconfiguration of Central Executive and Default Mode Networks
Authors: Bauer C. C. C. , Whitfield-Gabrieli S. , Díaz J. L. , Pasaye E. H. , Barrios F. A. 
Published: November 2019

AbstractWhile brain default mode network (DMN) activation in human subjects has been associated with mind wandering, meditation practice has been found to suppress it and to increase psychological well-being. In addition to DMN activity reduction, experienced meditators (EMs) during meditation practice show an increased connectivity between the DMN and the central executive network (CEN). However, the gradual change between DMN and CEN configuration from pre-meditation, during meditation, and post-meditation is unknown. Here, we investigated the change in DMN and CEN configuration by means of brain activity and functional connectivity (FC) analyses in EMs across three back-to-back functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans: pre-meditation baseline (trait), meditation (state), and post-meditation (state-to-trait). Pre-meditation baseline group comparison was also performed between EMs and healthy controls (HCs). Meditation trait was characterized by a significant reduction in activity and FC within DMN and increased anticorrelations between DMN and CEN. Conversely, meditation state and meditation state-to-trait periods showed increased activity and FC within the DMN and between DMN and CEN. However, the latter anticorrelations were only present in EMs with limited practice. The interactions between networks during these states by means of positive diametric activity (PDA) of the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFFs) defined asCEN fALFF¯ − DMN fALFF¯revealed no trait differences but significant increases during meditation state that persisted in meditation state-to-trait. The gradual reconfiguration in DMN and CEN suggest a neural mechanism by which the CEN negatively regulates the DMN and is probably responsible for the long-term trait changes seen in meditators and reported psychological well-being.
Threat Anticipation in Pulvinar and in Superficial Layers of Primary Visual Cortex (V1). Evidence from Layer-Specific Ultra-High Field 7T fMRI
Authors: Koizumi Ai , Zhan Minye , Ban Hiroshi , Kida Ikuhiro , De Martino Federico , Vaessen Maarten J. , de Gelder Beatrice , Amano Kaoru 
Published: November 2019

AbstractThe perceptual system gives priority to threat-relevant signals with survival value. In addition to the processing initiated by sensory inputs of threat signals, prioritization of threat signals may also include processes related to threat anticipation. These neural mechanisms remain largely unknown. Using ultra-high-field 7 tesla (7T) fMRI, we show that anticipatory processing takes place in the early stages of visual processing, specifically in the pulvinar and V1. When anticipation of a threat-relevant fearful face target triggered false perception of not-presented target, there was enhanced activity in the pulvinar as well as in the V1 superficial-cortical-depth (layers 1–3). The anticipatory activity was absent in the LGN or higher visual cortical areas (V2–V4). The effect in V1 was specific to the perception of fearful face targets and did not generalize to happy face targets. A preliminary analysis showed that the connectivity between the pulvinar and V1 superficial-cortical-depth was enhanced during false perception of threat, indicating that the pulvinar and V1 may interact in preparation of anticipated threat. The anticipatory processing supported by the pulvinar and V1 may play an important role in non-sensory-input-driven anxiety states.
Differential Coding Strategies in Glutamatergic and GABAergic Neurons in the Medial Cerebellar Nucleus
Authors: Özcan Orçun Orkan , Wang Xiaolu , Binda Francesca , Dorgans Kevin , De Zeeuw Chris I. , Gao Zhenyu , Aertsen Ad , Kumar Arvind , Isope Philippe 
Published: November 2019

The cerebellum drives motor coordination and sequencing of actions at the millisecond timescale through adaptive control of cerebellar nuclear output. Cerebellar nuclei integrate high-frequency information from both the cerebellar cortex and the two main excitatory inputs of the cerebellum: the mossy fibers and the climbing fiber collaterals. However, how nuclear cells process rate and timing of inputs carried by these inputs is still debated. Here, we investigate the influence of the cerebellar cortical output, the Purkinje cells, on identified cerebellar nuclei neuronsin vivoin male mice. Using transgenic mice expressing Channelrhodopsin2 specifically in Purkinje cells and tetrode recordings in the medial nucleus, we identified two main groups of neurons based on the waveform of their action potentials. These two groups of neurons coincide with glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons identified by optotagging after Chrimson expression inVGLUT2-creandGAD-cremice, respectively. The glutamatergic-like neurons fire at high rate and respond to both rate and timing of Purkinje cell population inputs, whereas GABAergic-like neurons only respond to the mean population firing rate of Purkinje cells at high frequencies. Moreover, synchronous activation of Purkinje cells can entrain the glutamatergic-like, but not the GABAergic-like, cells over a wide range of frequencies. Our results suggest that the downstream effect of synchronous and rhythmic Purkinje cell discharges depends on the type of cerebellar nuclei neurons targeted.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMotor coordination and skilled movements are driven by the permanent discharge of neurons from the cerebellar nuclei that communicate cerebellar computation to other brain areas. Here, we set out to study how specific subtypes of cerebellar nuclear neurons of the medial nucleus are controlled by Purkinje cells, the sole output of the cerebellar cortex. We could isolate different subtypes of nuclear cell that differentially encode Purkinje cell inhibition. Purkinje cell stimulation entrains glutamatergic projection cells at their firing frequency, whereas GABAergic neurons are only inhibited. These differential coding strategies may favor temporal precision of cerebellar excitatory outputs associated with specific features of movement control while setting the global level of cerebellar activity through inhibition via rate coding mechanisms