bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic Disparities in Cardiovascular Health in South Korea
Authors: Lee Chi-Young , Im Eun-Ok 
Published: December 2019

Background
To improve the cardiovascular health of those with socioeconomic disadvantages, the nature of their disparities must be explored to inform targeted interventions for this group. However, these efforts have been scarce in all areas of nursing research and practice in South Korea.

Objective
This systematic review aims to examine the nature of socioeconomic disparities in cardiovascular health in South Korea.

Methods
Multiple electronic databases including PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane (2009–2019.06) were searched. A total of 42 articles published in English or Korean that examined socioeconomic disparities in cardiovascular health in South Korea were selected, reviewed, and analyzed using a narrative synthesis.

Results
Socioeconomic disparities existed in cardiovascular health among Korean populations across the disease continuum from risk factors to mortality. The magnitudes, directions, and significance of the observed associations between socioeconomic status and cardiovascular health varied by socioeconomic status indicators, gender, and age groups. Five studies (12%) explained the mediation and moderation of multiple factors to the associations.

Conclusion
This body of knowledge will serve as a basis to inform strategies, interventions, or policies to reduce disparities in cardiovascular health.
Motivational Interviewing and Self-care Practices in Adult Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Sokalski Tamara , Hayden K. Alix , Raffin Bouchal Shelley , Singh Pavneet , King-Shier Kathryn 
Published: December 2019

Background
Heart failure contributes to frequent hospitalizations, large healthcare costs, and high mortality. Heart failure management includes patient adherence to strict self-care practices (ie, symptom recognition, limiting sodium and fluids, monitoring weight, maintaining an active lifestyle, and medication adherence as well as monitoring other medical conditions). These practices can be difficult to enact and maintain. Motivational interviewing, although not studied extensively in patients with heart failure, may enhance patients' abilities to enact and maintain self-care practices.

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of motivational interviewing on self-care practices in the adult population with heart failure.

Methods
We conducted a narrative systematic review of peer-reviewed research literature focused on motivational interviewing in adult patients with heart failure. The following databases were searched from database inception to March 2019: MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ERIC, Educational Resource Complete, and Scopus. Of 1158 citations retrieved, 7 studies met the inclusion criteria.

Results
Outcomes were focused on self-care adherence (ie, maintenance, management, confidence), physical activity/exercise, and knowledge of self-care. Motivational interviewing has been effectively used either alone or in combination with other therapies and has been used in-home, over the telephone, and in hospital/clinic settings, although face-to-face interventions seem to be more effective. A number of limitations were noted in the included studies.

Conclusion
Motivational interviewing is a potentially effective adjunct to enhance self-care practices in patients with heart failure. Further high-quality research is needed to support changes in clinical practice.
Factors Associated With Hospital Admissions and Readmissions in Patients With Gastroparesis Using the Nationwide Readmission Database
Authors: Shahsavari Dariush , Zhao Huaqing , Ehrlich Adam C. , Zoll Bryan E. , Lu Xiaoning , Malik Zubair , Parkman Henry P. 
Published: December 2019

Background:
Gastroparesis can be associated with severe symptoms. Health care utilization for gastroparesis has increased in part due to an increase in hospital admissions.

Goals:
To characterize patients admitted for gastroparesis-related symptoms and determine risk factors associated with 30-day readmissions.

Study:
The Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD) for the year 2014 was used to identify patients admitted to hospitals using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 code for gastroparesis as primary diagnosis or as the secondary diagnosis with first diagnosis code of a gastroparesisrelated symptom. Logistic regression was used to determine risk factors associated with 30-day readmission.

Results:
There were 5268 gastroparesis patients admitted with the average length of stay (LOS) of 5.4±6.6 days. Age averaged 48.9±18.1 years, 73.8% were female individuals, and 31% had diabetes. Inpatient mortality was 0.4%. The overall 30-day readmission rate was 6.2%. Longer LOS [odds ratio (OR)=1.4; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0-1.9], younger age, drug abuse (OR=1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-2.2), and marijuana use (OR=1.7; 95% CI, 1.0-2.7) were associated with increased risk of 30-day readmission. Female gender (P=0.083), opioid use (P=0.057), and admission to larger hospital (P=0.070) showed a trend toward higher readmission rates. Older patients, and patients with hypertension and diabetes showed lower rates of readmission.

Conclusions:
Use of the Nationwide Readmission Database (NRD) allows better understanding of gastroparesis admissions and readmissions. Average hospital stay was 5.4 days with 0.4% mortality rate. Overall 30-day readmission rate was 6.2%. Higher LOS, drug abuse, and marijuana use increased the 30-day readmission rate. Diabetes, hypertension, and older age were associated with lower readmissions.
Climate change and respiratory diseases: a 2020 perspective
Authors: Joshi Manish , Goraya Harmeen , Joshi Anita , Bartter Thaddeus 
Published: December 2019

Purpose of reviewTo present an overview of the impact of climate change upon human respiratory health.Recent findingsClimate change involves two major types of change. First, there is overall progressive warming. Second, there is increased variability/unpredictability in weather patterns. Both types of change impact negatively upon human respiratory health. Worsening air quality and increased allergens can worsen existing disease. Climate-related changes in allergens and in vectors for infection can cause new disease. Redundant sophisticated studies have projected marked increases in respiratory morbidity and mortality throughout the world as a direct result of climate change. This article summarizes some of those studies.SummaryThe clarity of our vision with respect to the dramatic impact of climate change upon human respiratory health approaches 20/20. The data represent a mandate for change. Change needs to include international, national, and individual efforts.
Peritoneal irrigation vs suction alone during pediatric appendectomy for perforated appendicitis
Authors: Bi Le-Wee , Yan Bei-Lei , Yang Qian-Yu , Cui Hua-Lei 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background:
There currently exists no substantial evidence reporting the efficacy of peritoneal irrigation in reducing the incidence of postoperative intra-abdominal abscess in pediatric patients. The purpose of our study was to perform a meta-analysis to compare rates of intra-abdominal abscess after appendectomy between irrigation and suction alone groups.

Methods:
We identified studies by a systematic search in EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library to recognize randomized controlled trials and case control studies from the 1950 to May 2019. We limited the English language studies. We checked the reference list of studies to recognize other potentially qualified trials. We analyzed the merged data with use of the Review Manager 5.3.

Results:
We identified 6 eligible papers enrolling a total of 1633 participants. We found no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative intraabdominal abscess, wound infection, and the length of hospitalization between 2 group, but duration of surgery is longer in irrigation group (MD = 6.76, 95% CI = 4.64 to 8.87, P < .001; heterogeneity, I
2 = 25%, P = .26).

Conclusion:
Our meta-analysis did not provide strong evidence allowing definite conclusions to be drawn, but suggested that peritoneal irrigation during appendectomy did not decrease the incidence of postoperative IAA. This meta-analysis also indicated the need for more high-quality trials to identify methods to decrease the incidence of postoperative IAA in pediatric perforated appendicitis patients.

Trial registration number Standardization of endoscopic treatment of acute abdomen in children: 14RCGFSY00150
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Trifan Anca , Stanciu Carol , Jurcău Monica , Zenovia Sebastian , Frunzuc Georgiana , Timofte Daniel 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background:
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a subtype of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with a potentially progressive course to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis with its complications, or even hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is a rapidly growing chronic liver disease, with a global prevalence of about 25%, with a significant increase in the last 2 decades, changing the landscape of hepatology. This study aimed to undertake a bibliometric global analysis of research literature focusing on NASH.

Methods:
We searched the Scopus database to identify all articles pertaining to “non-alcoholic steatohepatitis” or “NASH” – the 2 keywords used to search in the title or abstract within the time period 1980 to 2018. The collected data included document type, author, journal, publication year, citation reports, country, and were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Word.

Results:
A total number of 6632 articles published in 1355 journals were retrieved. English was the predominant language of publication, USA being the most productive with 1937 articles published (29.2% of the total number of publications), followed by Japan with 909, representing 13.7% of publications. Hepatology, Journal of Hepatology and World Journal of Gastroenterology were the most active journals. Research articles were the most common type of publications (4524; 68.22%), followed by review articles (1359; 20.49%). The total number of citations received by all publications was 274,041, with an average of 41.32 per article (range: 0–4384). The average number of authors per article has increased in the last 2 decades, whereas the trend of single- (or few) authored publications has decreased.

Conclusion:
This study indicates that NASH is a significant topic in the hepatology research, as proved by the huge number of publications, recording an exponential growth in the last 2 decades. The USA stands out as by far the most productive country.
Impact of contrast-enhanced transcranial Doppler ultrasound diagnosis for young adult with cryptogenic stroke
Authors: Jiang Xiao-xue , Song You , Hu Chun-rong , Wang Li-hua , Liu Lu , Zhang Ya-juan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background:
This study aims to assess the impact of contrast-enhanced transcranial Doppler ultrasound (cTCD) diagnosis for young adult with cryptogenic stroke (CS).

Methods:
This study will analyze data from case-controlled studies investigating the impact of cTCD diagnosis for young adult with CS. A comprehensive literature search will be performed from PUBMED, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data from their inceptions up to the August 1, 2019. All databases will be searched with no language limitations. Two researchers will independently carry out study selection, data collection, and study quality assessment. Any discrepancies between two researchers will be solved by a third researcher. We will apply RevMan 5.3 software and Stata 12.0 software for statistical analysis.

Results:
Outcomes consist of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio for determination of cTCD diagnosis for young adult with CS.

Conclusion:
The results of this study may summarize up-to-date evidence of cTCD diagnosis for young adult with CS.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42019145641.
Case report: Novel GJB2 variant c.113T>C associated with autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) in a Han family
Authors: Lan Xinqiang , Sun Shiyu , Lan Xin , Niu Linyuan , Zhang Chunxiao , Chen Xiaoli , Xia Ningning 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Molecular mechanism underlying the autosomal recessive non-syndromic hearing loss (ARNSHL) is still plausible. Pathogenic mutations of the gap junction beta 2 protein (GJB2) are reported to be the primary causes of ARNSHL.

Patient concerns:
A propositus was diagnosed as ARNSHL with bilateral congenital profound hearing loss.

Diagnosis:
With microarray and target gene sequencing testing methods, a novel GJB2 mutant was found to be associated with ARNSHL in this Han Chinese family.

Interventions/Outcomes:
Based on the finding in this research, prenatal screening of GJB2 mutation and genetic counseling are recommended to this family for their next pregnancy. Our interventions allow the family to plan informatively.

Lessons:
In this family, we discovered 2 heterozygous carriers of c.113T>C variation in the GJB2 gene. The propositus, who had profound hearing loss, had inherited the c.113T>C variation from his normal mother and the c.235delC from his father.
Development of myelofibrosis and acute monocytic leukemia in a patient with hereditary spherocytosis
Authors: Qian Juan , Shen Qian , Yin Hong , Shi Wen-yu , Yang Li , Zhang Ya-ping , Liu Hong 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Introduction:
Common symptoms of hereditary spherocytosis (HS) include intermittent jaundice and splenomegaly. Here, we present an unusual clinical course wherein a patient with HS treated with splenectomy developed secondary myelofibrosis and acute monocytic leukemia (M5).

Patient concerns:
After presenting with paleness, fatigue and jaundice, the patient was diagnosed with HS. After splenectomy, follow-up testing, including bone marrow biopsy, revealed myelofibrosis. Subsequently, the patient exhibited blood cell abnormalities consistent with M5.

Diagnosis:
M5 comorbid with myelofibrosis and a history of HS.

Interventions:
HS was treated with splenectomy. Myelofibrosis was treated with hydroxyurea. The patient refused chemotherapy for M5 and was discharged. He was maintained on hydroxyurea and received periodic blood product transfusions with regular routine blood test monitoring.

Outcomes:
Because of intracranial hemorrhage, the patient died on May 17, 2018, a little >10 months after being diagnosed with leukemia.

Conclusion:
The present patient developed M5 while undergoing treatment for myelofibrosis and after undergoing splenectomy for HS, raising the question of whether these conditions might be associated. Examination of this question will require the analysis of additional cases.
Effect of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5is) on the treatment of male infertility
Authors: Dong Liang , Zhang Xiaojin , Yan Xuhong , Shen Yifeng , Yu Xujun , Li Yulin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Background:
Male infertility is a worldwide problem with limitations in the treatment. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5is) is the first choice for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED), but more and more studies show that it has a certain effect on male infertility in recent years. The literatures of PDE5is related to male infertility have shown inconsistent results, and there is currently no high quality of systematic review to evaluate the effects of PDE5is on semen quality in male infertility patients.

Methods:
The electronic databases of MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Clinicaltrials.org, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Wan fang Database, China Biology Medicine Database (CBM), VIP Science Technology Periodical Database, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry and Cochrane Library were retrieved. Grey literature will be searched in Open Grey. Related Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were collected and selected before October 20, 2019. We will search English literature and Chinese literature with search terms “male infertility”, “phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors”, “PDE5i”, “Tadalafil”, “Sildenafil”, “Vardenafil”, “Udenafil”, “Avanafil”, “semen” and “sperm”. Sperm concentration, motility and morphology, sperm DNA fragmentation index, number of per ejaculate, sperm viability and adverse events will be evaluated. RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.0 will be used for Systematic review and Meta-analysis. This protocol reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement, and we will report the systematic review by following the PRISMA statement.

Conclusion and dissemination:
Efficacy and safety of PDE5is on male sperm quality in infertile men will be assessed. The results will be published in a public issue journal to provide evidence-based medical evidence for urologists and andrologists to make clinical decisions.

Registration information:
PROSPERO CRD42019142980
Chlorpheniramine-induced anaphylaxis
Authors: Lee So-Hee , Lee Youngsoo , Woo Seong-Dae , Doo Ko-Eun , Ha Chae-Yeon , Lee Young-Hee , Ye Young-Min 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction which could be life-threatening. To date, it could be diagnosed by causality between clinical manifestations and triggers. But it is not always easy to find out the clue. Chlorpheniramine maleate (peniramin) is known to safe and it is an antihistamine commonly used to treat almost the whole allergic disease, including urticaria and allergic rhinitis. We recently experienced 2 cases of chlorpheniramine induced anaphylaxis. To document suspected cases of chlorpheniramine-induced adverse reactions, we analyzed a database spontaneously reported adverse drug reactions in the Ajou Regional Pharmacovigilance Center from 2011 to 2017.

Patient concerns:
Two female patients presented urticaria and abdominal pain right after chlorpheniramine injection.

Diagnoses:
Both patients were diagnosed with symptoms. One patient confirmed by assistance with tryptase level and another one confirmed cross-reactivity by skin tests.

Interventions:
One patient was instructed to avoid future administration of chlorpheniramine. The other patient was advised not to take chlorpheniramine, and piperazine derivatives including cetirizine/levocetirizine, but piperidine derivatives such as fexofenadine, loratadine, and ebastine can be available.

Outcomes:
The patients fully recovered after prompt treatment for anaphylaxis. After that, no recurrences were observed at the following. Among 54 patients with chlorpheniramine-induced adverse drug reactions from the Pharmacovigilance Center database, 17 (31.5%) were reported as anaphylaxis.

Lessons:
Physicians should be aware chlorpheniramine could be a cause for allergic reaction. In addition, we suggest that serum tryptase level, skin prick test, and intradermal test could be considered as a supplementary test for diagnosing chlorpheniramine anaphylaxis and cross-reactivity should also be considered.
Primary sclerosing cholangitis with increased immunoglobulin G4 levels
Authors: Chen Qing-Ling , Zhong Rui , Zhang Xiao-Xue , Feng Li-Na , Wen Xiao-Yu , Jin Qing-Long 
Published: December 2019

Abstract

Rationale:
Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is recognized as an autoimmune-mediated liver disease characterized by progressive biliary inflammation and fibrosis. Some PSC cases with elevated immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) levels are likely to be misdiagnosed with immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC). Thus, distinguishing these 2 diseases is particularly important.

Patient concerns:
A 34-year-old male presented with right hypochondrium abdominal intermittent pain and jaundice lasting for 1 month. Here, we present a case of PSC with increased IgG4 levels with improvement of quality of life upon liver transplantation (LT).

Diagnosis:
The diagnosis of PSC was confirmed based on clinical symptoms, laboratory test results, imaging findings, pathologic results and a lack of response to steroid therapy.

Interventions:
LT surgery was performed successfully when his vital parameters were stabilized. Immunosuppressive agents were routinely used after LT.

Outcomes:
Three years after LT, liver function values show that alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were in the normal range. An abdominal ultrasonography showed no obvious abnormalities.

Lessons:
There are similar biochemical characteristics and cholangiographic findings between PSC and IgG4-SC. Therefore, distinguishing these 2 diseases is particularly important. LT remains the only option for end-stage PSC. Early diagnosis and effective treatment can achieve a good prognosis.
Evaluation of Ocular Complications by Using Optical Coherence Tomography in Children With Sickle Cell Disease Eye Findings in Children With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Vatansever Esra , Vatansever Mustafa , Dinç Erdem , Temel Gülhan Ö. , Ünal Selma 
Published: December 2019

Objective:
The aim of this study was to compare optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and healthy individuals and to investigate associations between these data and the patients’ systemic findings.

Materials and Methods:
The study included 108 eyes of 54 patients with SCD with no visual symptoms and a control group consisting of 110 eyes of 55 healthy subjects with no systemic or ocular pathology. After best-corrected visual acuity assessment, the study participants underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination including intraocular pressure. After examination and pupil dilation induced with 1% tropicamide, 9×9 mm macular sections were obtained with spectral-domain OCT. The macular sections were evaluated according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) map and internal and external retinal thicknesses were measured using the software included in the OCT device.

Results:
The patient group showed significantly more foveal flattening, temporal thinning, and vascular tortuosity than the control group (P<0.0001 for all). Foveal width was significantly greater in the patient group (1592.39±175.56 µm) compared with the control group (1391.01±175.56 µm) (P<0.0001), whereas foveal depth was significantly lower in the patient group (121.15±26.83 µm) than in the control group (146.1±12.25 µm) (P<0.0001). The mean total retinal thickness was 253.53±22.31 µm in the patient group and 261.03±18.48 µm in the control group (P=0.007). Similarly, central retinal thickness was significantly lower in the patient group (219.35±10.53 µm) compared with the control group (235.32±12.51 µm) (P<0.0001).

Discussion:
Our study shows that pediatric patients with SCD may have subclinical retinal involvement and that temporal thinning, in particular, is an important OCT finding. This strongly suggests that OCT imaging would be a beneficial addition to routine ophthalmologic examination in the diagnosis and follow-up of this patient group.