bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A General Strategy for the Construction of NIR‐emitting Si‐rhodamines and Their Application for Mitochondrial Temperature Visualization
Authors: Tang Weiguo , Gao Han , Li Jiaxin , Wang Xianhui , Zhou Zhikuan , Gai Lizhi , Feng Xin Jiang , Tian Jiangwei , Lu Hua , Guo Zijian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractSi‐rhodamine (SiR) is an ideal fluorophore because it possesses bright emission in the NIR region and can be implemented flexibly in living cells. Currently, several promising approaches for synthesizing SiR are being developed. However, challenges remain in the construction of SiR containing functional groups for bioimaging application. Herein, we introduce a general and simple approach by a condensation reaction of diarylsilylether and arylaldehyde in o‐dichlorobenzene to synthesize a series of SiRs bearing various functional substituents. These SiRs have moderate to high quantum efficiency, tolerance to photobleaching, and high water solubility as well as NIR emitting, and their NIR fluorescence properties can be controlled through the photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanism. Fluorescence OFF‐ON switching effect is observed for SiR 9 in the presence of acid, which is rationalized by DFT/TDDFT calculations. Moreover, reversible stimuli response toward temperature is achieved. Since positive charge enables mitochondrial targeting ability and chloromethyl unit can covalently immobilize the dyes onto the mitochondrial via click reaction between the benzyl choride and protein sulfhydryls, SiR 8 is identified as a valuable fluorescent marker to visualize the morphology and monitor the temperature change of mitochondria with high photostability.
Machine learning and statistical analyses for extracting and characterizing “fingerprints” of antibody aggregation at container interfaces from flow microscopy images
Authors: Daniels Austin L. , Calderon Christopher P. , Randolph Theodore W. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractTherapeutic proteins are exposed to numerous stresses during their manufacture, shipping, storage and administration to patients, causing them to aggregate and form particles through a variety of different mechanisms. These varied mechanisms generate particle populations with characteristic morphologies, creating “fingerprints” that are reflected in images recorded using flow imaging microscopy. Particle population fingerprints in test samples can be extracted and compared against those of particles produced under baseline conditions using an algorithm that combines machine learning tools such as convolutional neural networks with statistical tools such as nonparametric density estimation and Rosenblatt transform‐based goodness‐of‐fit hypothesis testing. This analysis provides a quantitative method with user‐specified type 1 error rates to determine whether the mechanisms that produce particles in test samples differ from particle formation mechanisms operative under baseline conditions. As a demonstration, this algorithm was used to compare particles within intravenous immunoglobulin formulations that were exposed to freeze‐thawing and shaking stresses within a variety of different containers. This analysis revealed that seemingly subtle differences in containers (e.g., glass vials from different manufacturers) generated distinguishable particle populations after the stresses were applied. This algorithm can be used to assess the impact of process and formulation changes on aggregation‐related product instabilities.
Live reporting for hypoxia: Hypoxia sensor–modified mesenchymal stem cells as in vitro reporters
Authors: Schmitz Carola , Pepelanova Iliyana , Seliktar Dror , Potekhina Ekaterina , Belousov Vsevolod V. , Scheper Thomas , Lavrentieva Antonina 
Published: July 2020

AbstractNatural oxygen gradients occur in tissues of biological organisms and also in the context of three‐dimensional (3D) in vitro cultivation. Oxygen diffusion limitation and metabolic oxygen consumption by embedded cells produce areas of hypoxia in the tissue/matrix. However, reliable systems to detect oxygen gradients and cellular response to hypoxia in 3D cell culture systems are still missing. In this study, we developed a system for visualization of oxygen gradients in 3D using human adipose tissue–derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD‐MSCs) modified to stably express a fluorescent genetically engineered hypoxia sensor HRE‐dUnaG. Modified cells retained their stem cell characteristics in terms of proliferation and differentiation capacity. The hypoxia‐reporter cells were evaluated by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry under variable oxygen levels (2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% O2). We demonstrated that reporter hAD‐MSCs output is sensitive to different oxygen levels and displays fast decay kinetics after reoxygenation. Additionally, the reporter cells were encapsulated in bulk hydrogels with a variable cell number, to investigate the sensor response in model 3D cell culture applications. The use of hypoxia‐reporting cells based on MSCs represents a valuable tool for approaching the genuine in vivo cellular microenvironment and will allow a better understanding of the regenerative potential of AD‐MSCs.
Bringing sustainability to life: A framework to guide biodiversity indicator development for business performance management
Authors: Addison Prue F.E. , Stephenson P. J. , Bull Joseph W. , Carbone Giulia , Burgman Mark , Burgass Michael J. , Gerber Leah R. , Howard Pippa , McCormick Nadine , McRae Louise , Reuter Kim E. , Starkey Malcolm , Milner‐Gulland E. J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBiodiversity loss is a critical sustainability issue, and companies are beginning to seek ways to assess their biodiversity performance. Initiatives to date have developed biodiversity indicators for specific business contexts (e.g., spatial scales—from site, to product, to regional, or corporate scales); however, many are not widely translatable across different contexts making it challenging for businesses seeking indicators to manage their biodiversity performance. By synthesising the steps of common conservation and business decision‐making systems, we propose a framework to support more comprehensive development of quantitative biodiversity indicators, for a range of business contexts. The framework integrates experience from existing tried‐and‐tested conservation frameworks. We illustrate how our framework offers a pathway for businesses to assess their biodiversity performance and demonstrate responsible management by mitigating and reversing their biodiversity impacts and sustaining their dependencies, enabling them to demonstrate their contribution to emerging global biodiversity targets (e.g., Convention on Biological Diversity post‐2020 targets).
Development and validation of an artificial neural network prognostic model after gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma: An international multicenter cohort study
Authors: Li Ziyu , Wu Xiaolong , Gao Xiangyu , Shan Fei , Ying Xiangji , Zhang Yan , Ji Jiafu 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBackgroundRecently, artificial neural network (ANN) methods have also been adopted to deal with the complex multidimensional nonlinear relationship between clinicopathologic variables and survival for patients with gastric cancer. Using a multinational cohort, this study aimed to develop and validate an ANN‐based survival prediction model for patients with gastric cancer.MethodsPatients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy in a Chinese center, a Japanese center, and recorded in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, respectively, were included in this study. Multilayer perceptron neural network was used to develop the prediction model. Time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, area under the curves (AUCs), and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to compare the ANN model with previous prediction models.ResultsAn ANN model with nine input nodes, nine hidden nodes, and two output nodes was constructed. These three cohort's data showed that the AUC of the model was 0.795, 0.836, and 0.850 for 5‐year survival prediction, respectively. In the calibration curve analysis, the ANN‐predicted survival had a high consistency with the actual survival. Comparison of the DCA and time‐dependent ROC between the ANN model and previous prediction models showed that the ANN model had good and stable prediction capability compared to the previous models in all cohorts.ConclusionsThe ANN model has significantly better discriminative capability and allows an individualized survival prediction. This model has good versatility in Eastern and Western data and has high clinical application value.
Phosphine Catalyzed Enantioselective Cascade Reaction Initiated by Intermolecular Cross Rauhut‐Currier Reaction of Electron‐Deficientortho‐Formyl Styrenes
Authors: Liang Shu‐Yuan , Jiang Bo , Xiao Ben‐Xian , Chen Zhi‐Chao , Du. Wei , Chen Ying‐Chun 
Published: July 2020

AbstractThe Rauhut‐Currier reaction generally employs α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds and nitroalkenes as the substrates. Here we develop an enantioselective formal [4+2] annulation reaction, which is initiated by an intermolecular cross Rauhut‐Currier reaction between electron‐deficientortho‐formyl‐styrenes and 2‐benzoyl‐acrylonitriles catalyzed by anL‐phenylglycine‐derived phosphine, followed by a cascade aldol/acyl transfer/elimination process. A series of enantioenriched dialin frameworks with an unusualexo‐double bond are furnished in fair to good yields with moderate to excellent enantioselectivity, and the architectures with higher molecular complexity can be constructed via simple transformations.
Understanding the Complex Surface Interplay for Extraction: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Macchieraldo Roberto , Ingenmey Johannes , Kirchner Barbara 
Published: July 2020

AbstractBy means of classical molecular dynamics simulation the interfacial properties of methanol and n‐dodecane, which are two potential candidate solvents for use in non‐aqueous liquid–liquid extraction, were assessed. The question of how the interface changes depending on the concentration of extractant (tri‐n‐butyl phosphate) and salt (LiCl) is addressed. Two different models to represent systems were used to evaluate how LiCl and tri‐n‐butyl phosphate affect mutual miscibility, and how the last‐named behaves depending on the chemical environment. Tri‐n‐butyl phosphate increases the mutual solubility of the solvents, whereas LiCl counteracts it. The extractant was found to be mostly adsorbed on the interface between the solvents, and therefore the structural features of the adsorption were investigated. Adsorption of tri‐n‐butyl phosphate changes depending on its concentration and the presence of LiCl. It exhibits a preferential orientation in which the butyl chains point at the n‐dodecane phase and the phosphate group points at the methanol phase. For high concentrations of tri‐n‐butyl phosphate, its molecular orientation is preserved by diffusion of the excess molecules into both the methanol and n‐dodecane phases. However, LiCl hinders the diffusion into the methanol phase, and thus increases the concentration of tri‐n‐butyl phosphate at the interface and forces a rearrangement with subsequent loss of orientation.
Very Strong, Super‐Tough, Antibacterial, and Biodegradable Polymeric Materials with Excellent UV‐Blocking Performance
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Liu Weifeng , Sun Danting , Huang Jinhao , Qiu Xueqing , Li Zhixian , Wu Xiaoxian 
Published: July 2020

AbstractIn this work, inspired by the dynamic sacrificial hydrogen bonds in biological materials, a very strong, super‐tough, antibacterial, and cost‐effective biodegradable poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanocomposite material was developed by incorporating the nanoscale antibacterial agent TA@LS−Ag. TA@LS−Ag was prepared from the green biomass tannic acid (TA) and sodium lignosulfonate (LS), and was facilely incorporated into the PVA matrix with a homogeneously interspersed nanoparticle size of about 20 nm. The PVA nanocomposite film with 2 wt % addition of TA@LS−Ag achieved the highest specific toughness of 262 J g−1 among the PVA‐based films to date, which is far higher than that of natural spider silk (150–190 J g−1), as well as a very high tensile strength of 131.6 MPa. The excellent tensile strength and superior toughness were attributed to synergy of the nanophase separation structure and the intense hydrogen‐bonding interactions between the nanoparticles and PVA matrix. The PVA/TA@LS−Ag nanocomposite films exhibited good antibacterial properties, despite the extremely low silver content (0.032–0.32 wt ‰). TA@LS−Ag also endowed the PVA films with excellent antioxidant and UV‐shielding performance. As the biomass‐derived LS and TA and the PVA matrix are all biodegradable, this work offers a facile strategy for preparing high‐performance antibacterial and biodegradable polymeric materials.
Cross‐Dehydrogenative Alkynylation: A Powerful Tool for the Synthesis of Internal Alkynes
Authors: Zhang Ji‐Shu , Liu Long , Chen Tieqiao , Han Li‐Biao 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAlkynes are among the most fundamentally important organic compounds and are widely used in synthetic chemistry, biochemistry, and materials science. Thus, the development of an efficient and sustainable method for the preparation of alkynes has been a central concern in organic synthesis. Cross‐dehydrogenative coupling utilizing E−H and Z−H bonds in two different molecules can avoid the need for prefunctionalization of starting materials and has become one of the most straightforward methods for the construction of E−Z chemical bonds. This Review summarizes recent progress in the preparation of internal alkynes by cross‐dehydrogenative coupling with terminal alkynes.
Glucose variability and mood in adults with diabetes: A systematic review
Authors: Muijs Linda T. , Racca Caterina , de Wit Maartje , Brouwer Annelies , Wieringa Thomas H. , de Vries Ralph , Serné Erik H. , van Raalte Daniël H. , Rutters Femke , Snoek Frank J. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsTo systematically review the literature regarding the association between glucose variability (GV) and mood in adults with diabetes, appraise the used methods and make suggestions for future research.MethodsA systematic review of literature published up to May 2019 was performed. Abstracts and full texts were screened independently in duplicate. Experimental and observational studies reporting the association between GV and mood in adults with type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes were evaluated. A descriptive analysis of the extracted data was conducted, along with a quality assessment.ResultsOut of the 2.316 studies screened, eight studies met our criteria. Studies used a variety of measures and metrics to determine GV and mood. Four studies used continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). An association between GV and mood was found in four studies when correlating either postprandial glucose rate of increase with current mood or multiday GV with mood measured retrospectively. The other four studies did not find any association.ConclusionsThere is no clear empirical support for a link between GV and mood in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. More rigorous research is warranted using CGM and ecological momentary assessment of mood to assess if and under what conditions an association between GV and mood exists.
Recurrent hospitalizations are associated with increased mortality across the ejection fraction range in heart failure
Authors: Huusko Jenni , Tuominen Samuli , Studer Rachel , Corda Stefano , Proudfoot Clare , Lassenius Mariann , Ukkonen Heikki 
Published: July 2020

AbstractAimsThe proportion of patients hospitalized for heart failure (HF) with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is rising, but no approved treatment exists, in part owing to incomplete characterization of this particular HF phenotype. In order to better define the characteristics of HF phenotypes in Finland, a large cohort with 12 years' follow‐up time was analysed.Methods and resultsPatients diagnosed between 2005 and 2017 at the Hospital District of Southwest Finland were stratified according to LVEF measure and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) levels. For this retrospective registry study, previously diagnosed HF patients were defined as follows: patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF; LVEF ≤ 40%; n = 4042), mid‐range ejection fraction (HFmrEF; LVEF > 40–50% and NT‐proBNP ≥ 125 pg/mL; n = 1468), and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF; LVEF > 50% and NT‐proBNP ≥ 125 pg/mL; n = 3122) and followed up for 15 022, 4962, and 10 097 patient‐years, respectively. Cardiovascular (CV) hospitalization and mortality, influence of pre‐selected covariates on hospitalization and mortality, and the proportion of HFpEF and HFmrEF patients with a drop in LVEF to HFrEF phenotype were analysed. All data were extracted from the electronic patient register. HFrEF patients were rehospitalized slightly earlier than HFpEF/HFmrEF patients, but the second, third, and fourth rehospitalization rates did not differ between the subgroups. Female gender and better kidney function were associated with reduced rehospitalizations in HFmrEF and HFrEF, with a non‐significant trend in HFpEF. Each additional hospitalization was associated with a two‐fold increased risk of death and 2.2‐ to 2.3‐fold increased risk of CV death. All‐cause mortality was higher in patients with HFpEF. Although CV mortality was less frequent in HFpEF patients, it was associated with increased NT‐proBNP concentrations at index in all patient groups. During the 10 years following the index date, 26% of HFmrEF patients and 10% of HFpEF patients progressed to an HFrEF phenotype.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that disease progression, in terms of increased frequency of hospitalizations, and the relationship between increased number of hospitalizations and mortality are similar by LVEF phenotypes. These data highlight the importance of effective treatments that can reduce hospitalizations and suggest a role for monitoring NT‐proBNP levels in the management of HFpEF patients in particular.
A review of dielectrophoretic separation and classification of non‐biological particles
Authors: Pesch Georg R. , Du Fei 
Published: July 2020

AbstractDielectrophoresis (DEP) is a selective electrokinetic particle manipulation technology that is applied for almost 100 years and currently finds most applications in biomedical research using microfluidic devices operating at moderate to low throughput. This paper reviews DEP separators capable of high‐throughput operation and research addressing separation and analysis of non‐biological particle systems. Apart from discussing particle polarization mechanisms, this review summarizes the early applications of DEP for dielectric sorting of minerals and lists contemporary applications in solid/liquid, liquid/liquid, and solid/air separation, for example, DEP filtration or airborne fiber length classification; the review also summarizes developments in DEP fouling suppression, gives a brief overview of electrocoalescence and addresses current problems in high‐throughput DEP separation. We aim to provide inspiration for DEP application schemes outside of the biomedical sector, for example, for the recovery of precious metal from scrap or for extraction of metal from low‐grade ore.
Performance evaluation of a high‐throughput separation system for circulating tumor cells based on microcavity array
Authors: Negishi Ryo , Saito Hyuga , Iwata Reito , Tanaka Tsuyoshi , Yoshino Tomoko 
Published: July 2020

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) are widely known as useful biomarkers in the liquid biopsies of cancer patients. Although single‐cell genetic analysis of CTCs is a promising diagnostic tool that can provide detailed clinical information for precision medicine, the capacity of single‐CTC isolation for genetic analysis requires improvement. To overcome this problem, we previously developed a multiple single‐cell encapsulation system for CTCs using hydrogel‐encapsulation, which allowed for the high‐throughput isolation of single CTCs. However, isolation of a single cell from adjacent cells remained difficult and often resulted in contamination by neighboring cells due to the limited resolution of the generated hydrogel. We developed a novel multiple single‐cell encapsulation system equipped with a high magnification lens for high throughput and a more accurate single‐cell encapsulation. The multiple single‐cell encapsulation system has sufficient sensitivity to detect immune‐stained CTCs, and could also generate a micro‐scaled hydrogel that can isolate a single cell from adjacent cells within 10 µm, with high efficiency. The proposed system enables high throughput and accurate single‐cell manipulation and genome amplification without contamination from neighboring cells.
A semi‐analytical model for capturing dynamic behavior of hydraulic fractures during flowback period in tight oil reservoir
Authors: Jia Pin , Ma Ming , Cheng Linsong , Clarkson Christopher R. 
Published: July 2020

AbstractHydraulic fracturing has been successfully employed for unconventional oil and gas recovery for decades. During flowback, the closure of the fracture may exhibit with the pressure drop of fracturing fluid dewatering. However, fracture closure always is ignored or treated as stress‐dependent fracture properties in previous flowback models. This paper presented a dynamic fracture model, which can comprehensively capture the dynamic behavior of hydraulic fractures during the flowback. A nonlinear relationship between fracture aperture and contact stress acting on the fracture surfaces is adopted to simulate fracture closure. The fracture aperture calculated by the displacement discontinuity method (DDM) is used to characterize the fracture pore volume and fracture conductivity, which will be dynamically updated in the flow model. Then, the pressure and saturation of each phase, along with the displacement on the fracture surface, are calculated by solving flow equations and geomechanics equations with iterative coupling approach. The new semi‐analytical model is validated by comparing it with a fully coupled stress‐porosity pressure numerical simulation model setup by ABAQUS®and CMG. Then, the dynamic behaviors of hydraulic fractures are investigated in detail by several cases. Results show that fracture closure is an important reason for the decline in production during the flowback and early production. And it is more important to enhance the properties of the stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) than to only create a fracture with high conductivity. Lastly, the key parameters (the fracture effective length and fracture conductivity under variable contact stress) can be interpreted by history‐matching the field flowback data.