bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a rating scale for Iranian EFL academic writing assessment: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Ghanbari Nasim , Barati Hossein 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The present study reports the process of development and validation of a rating scale in the Iranian EFL academic writing assessment context. To achieve this goal, the study was conducted in three distinct phases. Early in the study, the researcher interviewed a number of raters in different universities. Next, a questionnaire was developed based on the results of the interview along with the related literature. Later, the questionnaire was sent to thirty experienced raters from ten major state universities in Iran. Results of the country-wide survey in this phase showed that there was no objective scale in use by the raters in the context. Therefore, in the second development phase of the study, fifteen of the raters who participated in the first phase were asked to verbalize their thoughts when each rating five essays. At the end of this phase, a first draft of the scale was developed. Finally, in the last validation phase of the study, ten raters were asked to each rate a body of twenty essays using the newly developed scale. Next, eight of the raters participated in a follow-up retrospective interview. The analysis of the raters’ performance using FACETS showed high profile of reliability and validity for the new scale. In addition, while the qualitative findings of the interviews counted some problems with the structure of the scale, on the whole, the findings showed that the introduction of the scale was well-received by the raters. The pedagogical implications of the study will be discussed. In addition, the study calls for further validation of the scale in the context.
Epidemiology of uveal melanoma in Brazil
Authors: Lucena Evandro , Goldemberg Daniel Cohen , Thuler Luiz Claudio Santos , de Melo Andreia Cristina 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Purpose
To report the prevalence of uveal melanoma in a Hospital database in Brazil over the period of 16 years (2000 to 2016).

Design
Descriptive epidemiological study evaluating the Brazilian Hospital Based Cancer Registries.

Participants/methods
Uveal melanomas were identified based on ICD-O-3 codes C69.3 [choroid], C69.4 [ciliary body and iris], and C69.2 [retina]) derived from the Integrator Registry database. Kolmogorov–Smirnov Test was used for evaluation of normality of data, t-test and Chi square were used for categorical and continuous variables respectively using SPSS Software.

Main outcome measures
Age, sex, education, regional distribution, clinical staging at the diagnosis, time from diagnosis to treatment (≤ 60 days versus > 60 days) and first-course therapy (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy or a combination of such).

Results
There were 2166 cases of uveal melanoma representing 5.4% of all cases of melanoma. Histological confirmation of uveal melanoma was available in all cases. Higher prevalence of 1139 cases (52.6%) in women than 1027 cases (47.4%) in men was observed. Age distribution revealed 1411 cases (65.1%) in the group between 41 and 69 years old. A total of 429 (19.8%) patients were classified as initial disease and 334 (15.4%) as advanced (regional or distant metastases). Staging as initial disease was more frequent (113–24.8%) in patients with > 8 school years than in patients with < 8 school years (179–17.6%) reflecting disparities in healthcare access between those two populations. No difference was noticed in terms of diagnosis, staging and treatment after the Brazilian “60 days law” (Federal Law 12.732/12) came into effect in 2013 regulating the maximum period that a patient with cancer has to wait until start the treatment.

Conclusion
Epidemiological data is critical for planning early treatment strategies and allocating medical resources. This study intended to understand the characteristics of uveal melanoma in Brazil.
Development and implementation of an end-of-shift clinical debriefing method for emergency departments during COVID-19
Authors: Servotte Jean-Christophe , Welch-Horan T. Bram , Mullan Paul , Piazza Justine , Ghuysen Alexandre , Szyld Demian 
Published: November 2020

AbstractBackgroundMultiple guidelines recommend debriefing after clinical events in the emergency department (ED) to improve performance, but their implementation has been limited. We aimed to start a clinical debriefing program to identify opportunities to address teamwork and patient safety during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe reviewed existing literature on best-practice guidelines to answer key clinical debriefing program design questions. An end-of-shift huddle format for the debriefs allowed multiple cases of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 illness to be discussed in the same session, promoting situational awareness and team learning. A novel ED-based clinical debriefing tool was implemented and titled Debriefing In Situ COVID-19 to Encourage Reflection and Plus-Delta in Healthcare After Shifts End (DISCOVER-PHASE). A facilitator experienced in simulation debriefings would facilitate a short (10–25 min) discussion of the relevant cases by following a scripted series of stages for debriefing. Data on the number of debriefing opportunities, frequency of utilization of debriefing, debriefing location, and professional background of the facilitator were analyzed.ResultsDuring the study period, the ED treated 3386 suspected or confirmed COVID-19 cases, with 11 deaths and 77 ICU admissions. Of the 187 debriefing opportunities in the first 8-week period, 163 (87.2%) were performed. Of the 24 debriefings not performed, 21 (87.5%) of these were during the four first weeks (21/24; 87.5%). Clinical debriefings had a median duration of 10 min (IQR 7–13). They were mostly facilitated by a nurse (85.9%) and mainly performed remotely (89.8%).ConclusionDebriefing with DISCOVER-PHASE during the COVID-19 pandemic were performed often, were relatively brief, and were most often led remotely by a nurse facilitator. Future research should describe the clinical and organizational impact of this DISCOVER-PHASE.
Perceived truth of statements and simulated social media postings: an experimental investigation of source credibility, repeated exposure, and presentation format
Authors: Nadarevic Lena , Reber Rolf , Helmecke Anne Josephine , Köse Dilara 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
To better understand the spread of fake news in the Internet age, it is important to uncover the variables that influence the perceived truth of information. Although previous research identified several reliable predictors of truth judgments—such as source credibility, repeated information exposure, and presentation format—little is known about their simultaneous effects. In a series of four experiments, we investigated how the abovementioned factors jointly affect the perceived truth of statements (Experiments 1 and 2) and simulated social media postings (Experiments 3 and 4). Experiment 1 explored the role of source credibility (high vs. low vs. no source information) and presentation format (with vs. without a picture). In Experiments 2 and 3, we additionally manipulated repeated exposure (yes vs. no). Finally, Experiment 4 examined the role of source credibility (high vs. low) and type of repetition (congruent vs. incongruent vs. no repetition) in further detail. In sum, we found no effect of presentation format on truth judgments, but strong, additive effects of source credibility and repetition. Truth judgments were higher for information presented by credible sources than non-credible sources and information without sources. Moreover, congruent (i.e., verbatim) repetition increased perceived truth whereas semantically incongruent repetition decreased perceived truth, irrespectively of the source. Our findings show that people do not rely on a single judgment cue when evaluating a statement’s truth but take source credibility and their meta-cognitive feelings into account.
Development of a comprehensive measure of organizational readiness (motivation × capacity) for implementation: a study protocol
Authors: Walker Timothy J. , Brandt Heather M. , Wandersman Abraham , Scaccia Jonathan , Lamont Andrea , Workman Lauren , Dias Emanuelle , Diamond Pamela M. , Craig Derek W. , Fernandez Maria E. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract

Background
Organizational readiness is important for the implementation of evidence-based interventions. Currently, there is a critical need for a comprehensive, valid, reliable, and pragmatic measure of organizational readiness that can be used throughout the implementation process. This study aims to develop a readiness measure that can be used to support implementation in two critical public health settings: federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) and schools. The measure is informed by the Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation and R = MC2 heuristic (readiness = motivation × innovation-specific capacity × general capacity). The study aims are to adapt and further develop the readiness measure in FQHCs implementing evidence-based interventions for colorectal cancer screening, to test the validity and reliability of the developed readiness measure in FQHCs, and to adapt and assess the usability and validity of the readiness measure in schools implementing a nutrition-based program.

Methods
For aim 1, we will conduct a series of qualitative interviews to adapt the readiness measure for use in FQHCs. We will then distribute the readiness measure to a developmental sample of 100 health center sites (up to 10 staff members per site). We will use a multilevel factor analysis approach to refine the readiness measure. For aim 2, we will distribute the measure to a different sample of 100 health center sites. We will use multilevel confirmatory factor analysis models to examine the structural validity. We will also conduct tests for scale reliability, test-retest reliability, and inter-rater reliability. For aim 3, we will use a qualitative approach to adapt the measure for use in schools and conduct reliability and validity tests similar to what is described in aim 2.

Discussion
This study will rigorously develop a readiness measure that will be applicable across two settings: FQHCs and schools. Information gained from the readiness measure can inform planning and implementation efforts by identifying priority areas. These priority areas can inform the selection and tailoring of support strategies that can be used throughout the implementation process to further improve implementation efforts and, in turn, program effectiveness.
Mildly symptomatic liraglutide-induced acute pancreatitis in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case report
Authors: Gameil Mohammed Ali , Elsebaie Ahmed Hassan 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Background
Acute pancreatitis (AP) represents a serious clinical challenge as it can threaten the patient’s life if it is missed or improperly managed. Liraglutide is one of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) which represent a novel class of antidiabetic medications in the Egyptian market. Hereby, we report a case of liraglutide-induced acute pancreatitis with atypical presentation.

Case presentation
A 53-year-old Egyptian male patient with diabetes presented to the emergency department with abdominal discomfort and vomiting without significant abdominal pain. Serum lipase and amylase were elevated more than three folds the upper normal limit (NUL 300 and 110 U/L respectively); abdominal ultrasonography was inconclusive, but contrast-enhanced computed tomography was diagnostic. A diagnosis of liraglutide-induced AP was built after exclusion of other causes. After admission, his medications were modified and improved clinically after 1 week.

Conclusion
Mildly symptomatic AP in diabetic patients is a clinical challenge as it can be missed. Therefore, in certain clinical situations, AP should be suspected in patients administrating liraglutide particularly for those with autonomic neuropathy.
Overbank sediment waves in the southern Taranaki Basin, New Zealand
Authors: Silver Clayton , Bedle Heather 
Published: November 2020

In the southern Taranaki Basin, a thick stratigraphic sequence of late Miocene age is well imaged by modern 3D seismic data. Within this sediment package, the evolution of multiple deepwater channel systems are preserved and interpreted. Anomalous features located between channel complexes are identified in both map-view and vertical sections. Extracting selected seismic attributes along interpreted horizons and using in context geologic knowledge suggests these anomalous features are overbank sediment waves resulting from overbank sedimentation. Alternate interpretations are also presented, such as slump scarps and progradational clinoforms. The evidence aims at improving our identification of these deepwater depositional elements. Geological feature: Overbank sediment waves in the southern Taranaki Basin, New Zealand Seismic appearance: Shingled, undulating, downlapping reflectors Alternative interpretations: Prograding clinoforms; slump scarps Features with similar appearance: Prograding clinoforms Formation: Mount Messenger Formation, Taranaki Basin Age: Late Miocene Location: Taranaki Basin, New Zealand Seismic data: Hector-3D Contributors: Clayton Silver and Dr. Heather Bedle Analysis tools: Schlumberger’s Petrel software was used for seismic interpretation and visualization; Attribute-Assisted Seismic Processing & Interpretation (AASPI) was utilized for computation of seismic attributes.
Fiction Cares: J. M. Coetzee's Slow Man
Authors: Robinson Benjamin Lewis 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
J. M. Coetzee's Slow Man considers “care” in contemporary liberal-capitalist societies, including the ostensibly frivolous care of and care for literature. In contrast to grander affects and occupations, care often seems to be “just care,” as if it fails to live up to certain criteria of reality in much the same way that one says something is “just fiction.” If in its literary investigation of such serious issues as disability, aging, and immigration, Slow Man turns into a reflection on the ontology of fiction, this is not mere metafictional frivolity—for care shares the disparaged form of fiction. Coetzee's Elizabeth Costello writings, of which Slow Man appears to be the last, advocate in fiction an “ethics of care.” They are concerned with modes of attention that lack the categorical determinacy of the discourse of rights and of justice and are instead characterized by what I propose to call “justness.” In this light, the novel can be read as examining the skepticism and disappointment with which, on account of this justness, earnest pleas for an ethics of care, or apologies for fiction, are met. The advocacy of care, as of fiction, requires not only good will but also good humor, even if this comes at the cost of being taken seriously. Accordingly, Slow Man proves to be one of the most heavy-going but also lighthearted of Coetzee's novels. It is, after all, “just a joke.”
The Mob: J. G. Ballard's Turn to the Collective
Authors: Evans Joel 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe article identifies a shift in J. G. Ballard's work from a preoccupation with the individual to a preoccupation with the collective. It reads Ballard's late fiction as being part of a wider turn in the culture of Western, neoliberal states toward a reignition of a spirit of collectivism. With Ballard's work, this is most striking in the novels' depiction of neoliberal societies themselves, and so the essay begins with a treatment of how they are figured. What emerges from this is that Ballard's depiction of potentially new collective forms of life is at once utopian and dystopian. In fact, the dystopian elements identified lead on to a much deeper trait of the work. That is the reactionary tendency to portray the collective as a violent mob, which, as is demonstrated, has a long history and an increasingly prominent present.
Ruth Ozeki's Floating World:A Tale for the Time Being's Spiritual Oceanography
Authors: Glassie Alison 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis essay explores the intertwined oceanographic and spiritual imaginations structuring Ruth Ozeki's novel A Tale for the Time Being, which she rewrote in the aftermath of the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. A Tale for the Time Being's new, metafictional frame story dramatizes a citizen-science response to marine debris and theorizes marine science as a mode of witnessing and a mode of reading. Furthermore, by bringing her depictions of marine science into conversation with the Zen Buddhist practice of not-knowing, Ozeki meditates upon the idea that attempts to know or understand necessarily mean coexisting with what cannot be known, discovered, or recovered.
The impact of a run-in period on treatment effects in cardiovascular prevention randomised control trials: A protocol for a comprehensive review and meta-analysis
Authors: Murphy Robert , McGrath Emer , Nolan Aoife , Smyth Andrew , Canavan Michelle , O'Donnell Martin , Judge Conor 
Published: November 2020

Background: A run-in period is often employed in randomised controlled trials to increase adherence to the intervention and reduce participant loss to follow-up in the trial population. However, it is uncertain whether use of a run-in period affects the magnitude of treatment effect. Methods: We will conduct a sensitive search for systematic reviews of cardiovascular preventative trials and a complete meta-analysis of treatment effects comparing cardiovascular prevention trials using a run-in period (“run-in trials”) with matched cardiovascular prevention trials that did not use a run-in period (“non-run-in trials”). We describe a comprehensive matching process which will match run-in trials with non-run-in trials by patient populations, interventions, and outcomes. For each pair of run-in trial and matched non-run-in trial(s), we will estimate the ratio of relative risks and 95% confidence interval. We will evaluate differences in treatment effect between run-in and non-run-in trials and our and our priamry outcome will be the ratio of relative risks for matched run-in and non-run-in trials for their reported cardiovascular composite outcome. Our secondary outcomes are comparisons of mortality, loss to follow up, frequency of adverse events and methodological quality of trials. Conclusions: This study will answer a key question about what influence a run-in period has on the magnitude of treatment effects in randomised controlled trials for cardiovascular prevention therapies.
Cubic Curves in Engineering Geometry
Authors: Korotkiy Viktor 
Published: November 2020

In this paper are considered historically the first (the 60’s of the 20th century) computational methods for algebraic cubic curves constructing. The analysis of a general cubic curve equation r(t)=a3t3+a2t2+a1t+a0
has been carried out. As an example has been considered the simplest cubic curve r(t)=it3+jt2+kt.
Based on the general cubic curve equation have been obtained equations of a cubic curve passing through two predetermined points and having predetermined tangents at these points.
The equations have been presented both in Ferguson and Bézier forms. It has been shown that the cubic curve vector equation (for example, the standard equation of a Bezier curve) can be represented in a point form. Have been considered examples for constructing segments of cubic curves meeting the given boundary conditions.
The generalized cubic curve equation, containing weight coefficients, has been obtained by the method of exit into four-dimensional space. Has been considered a vector parametric equation of a conical section, passing through two given points and touching predetermined straight lines at these points. The conical section is considered as a special case of a cubic curve.
Curvature can be specified as an additional boundary condition. Has been considered the possibility for constructing a cubic curve with fixed positions of contacting planes at end points and given radii of curvature. Has been proposed an algorithm for constructing a plane cubic curve with a given curvature at the end points.
Have been considered algorithms for constructing smooth compound Ferguson-Bezier curves. Smoothness conditions are imposed on a compound curve: 1) at any of its points, the curve must have a tangent (no fractures are allowed), 2) the curvature vector must be changed continuously from point to point (no discontinuous jump in the curvature vector is allowed neither in modulus no in direction). Have been proposed examples for constructing compound Ferguson-Bézier curves.
Has been performed comparison of polynomial cubic spline with compound parametrically defined curves. Have been given examples for constructing cubic splines with fastened and free ends.
The paper is for educational purposes, and intended for in-depth study of computer graphics basics.
Exeter Universal cemented femoral component
Authors: Khatun Fouzia , Gill Damien F. , Atrey Amit , Porteous Matthew 
Published: November 2020

Aims We present the results, in terms of survival, clinical outcome, and radiological appearance at 20 years, in a cohort of 225 cemented Exeter Universal femoral components (Stryker, Newbury, UK) implanted in 207 patients, at a district general hospital. Methods All patients in this study had a total hip arthroplasty (THA) using an Exeter Universal femoral component with a cemented (n = 215) or cementless (n = 10) acetabular component. Clinical and radiological data were collected prospectively at one year, five years, and every five years thereafter. Patients lost to radiological and clinical follow-up (five) were cross-referenced with National Joint Registry (NJR) data and general practitioner (GP) records to assess whether they had undergone revision for any reason. Results During this period of study 144 patients (157 hips) died (69.78%). Two patients were lost to follow-up, leaving 61 patients (66 hips) available for review (29.33%). Of the 225 hips, three underwent revision for femoral failure with osteolysis. One underwent femoral component revision for treatment of a periprosthetic fracture. Eight underwent revision of the acetabular component only for loosening. Two hips had both components revised, when components were found to be loose at time of revision for acetabular loosening, though no radiological femoral osteolysis. Two patients underwent revision for infection. Using femoral loosening as an endpoint, the survival of the Exeter Universal femoral component was 98.7% (n = 220, 95% confidence interval (CI) 96.1% to 100%) at 20 to 22 years. Survival with an endpoint of revision for any reason was 92.6% (n = 209, 95% CI 89.4 to 95.55), with a ‘worst-case scenario’ (considering two patients lost to follow-up to have failed), the overall survival rate was 91.7% (n = 207, 95% CI 87.8 to 95.9) at 20 to 22 years. Conclusion Our results confirm excellent long-term results for the cemented Exeter Universal femoral componentimplanted outside of the originating centre. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(10):1319–1323.