bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contralateral Obturator Nerve to Femoral Nerve Transfer for Restoration of Knee Extension After Acute Flaccid Myelitis
Authors: Doi Kazuteru , Sem Sei Haw , Hattori Yasunori , Sakamoto Sotetsu , Hayashi Kota , Maruyama Akio 
Published: December 2019

Case:
A 7-year-old boy presented with left femoral and obturator nerves (ONs) palsy after an asthmatic attack with a viral prodrome, and his right lower limb was unaffected. He was diagnosed with acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) after positive spinal magnetic resonance imaging findings. After contralateral ON to femoral nerve transfer (CONFNT), his left quadriceps was reinnervated at 5.5 months, full knee extension was recovered at 14 months, and good functional outcomes were achieved at 31 months.

Conclusions:
This first clinical report on CONFNT demonstrated a feasible good alternative in treating young patients with AFM with unilateral L2-L4 palsy and short duration of deficit.
Staged Reconstruction for Type IV Tibial Deficiency (Distal Tibiofibular Diastasis)
Authors: Ernat Justin J. , Wimberly Lane , Samchukov Mikhail L. , Cherkaskin Alexander M. , Birch John G. 
Published: December 2019

Case:
Congenital tibiofibular diastasis is a relatively rare form of limb deficiency, characterized by distal tibial tapering, absent ankle mortise, equinovarus foot deformity, and variable lower leg shortening. Treatment described has ranged from various forms of foot centralization with or without leg lengthening to amputation. We describe 2 cases treated in childhood by staged foot centralization by soft-tissue distraction, distal tibiotalar fusion, tibial lengthening, and subsequent limb length discrepancy equalization. At skeletal maturity, both patients ambulated independently without aid.

Conclusions:
Staged reconstruction with foot centralization and distal tibiotalar fusion is an option for carefully selected patients with tibiofibular diastasis who refuse foot ablation.
ESTUDO DE COMPATIBILIDADE E ADEQUAÇÃO DE EDIFICAÇÕES DA REGIÃO NORTE DE PALMAS – TO, AO CÓDIGO DE OBRAS POR MEIO DE IMAGEAMENTO/ Compatibility and adequacy study of buildings in the northern region of Palmas – TO
Authors: Feitosa Thaiana Brunes , Parente Dênis Cardoso 
Published: December 2019

Inicialmente, os VANTs foram utilizados para fins militares, no entanto, seu uso está tornando-se cada vez mais atraente. Tal potencial de uso está diretamente relacionado ao baixo custo, à alta mobilidade, à segurança oferecida, proximidade com o objeto fotografado e à velocidade de aquisição e transferência de dados, possibilidade de monitoramento ao longo dos anos através das imagens, podendo ser utilizado em situações em que uma inspeção tripulada não seja possível.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a confiabilidade da utilização de Veículo Aéreo não Tripulado (VANT) na compatibilização e adequação de edificações da região norte de Palmas – TO ao código de obras. Como ferramenta foi utilizado um VANT, softwares para plano de voo e processamento de imagens. A área de estudo escolhida foi a quadra 407 Norte, localizada na região norte da cidade de Palmas - TO. Com metodologia que permitisse atestar a potencialidade dos produtos gerados, foram feitos sobrevoo e medições em campo. Através das imagens aéreas obtidas, foi gerado um ortomosaico. A partir do ortomosaico, foram identificadas diretrizes pré-estabelecidas e posteriormente comparadas com as diretrizes estabelecidas pelo código de obras municipal. Os resultados encontrados mostram que as imagens aéreas obtidas e o ortomosaico gerado podem auxiliar de forma confiável, rápida e segura no processo de compatibilização e adequação das edificações, atestando que a plataforma VANT e os sensores passíveis de serem acoplados a elas podem servir adequadamente como tecnologia no estudo proposto. Mesmo apresentando elevado potencial e exatidão no levantamento dos quantitativos das superfícies.
Cuttings Transport Modeling—Part 2: Dimensional Analysis and Scaling
Authors: Busch Alexander , Werner Benjamin , Johansen Stein T. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryAs a follow-up to part one of this series (Busch et al. 2018a), we present a holistic dimensional analysis (DA) for the problem of cuttings transport in an annular wellbore element. We account for the non-Newtonian or, more precisely, shear-thinning and yield behavior of the drilling fluid by using non-Newtonian scaling concepts for generalized Newtonian fluids (GNFs) available in the literature.We first perform a nondimensional analysis for the Herschel-Bulkley (HB) material function (also known as the yield power-law [YPL] model) and establish a respective space of nondimensional numbers (Π-space) as well as a generic corresponding nondimensional cuttings-transport-process relationship. In a second step and to ease the derivations, we focus on the power-law (PL) material function and introduce a convenient reference shear rate that allows the evaluation of the reference viscosity in the established nondimensional quantities. Finally, on the basis of the established Π-space for the PL fluid, we generalize the specific PL case to the currently recommended HB material function by means of a local PL approximation, following the concept of Metzner and Reed (1955). Furthermore, we provide the results for both pipe and annuli because the former is often used in solid-transport studies.Compared to the Newtonian case, the obtained Π-spaces are increased by one or two nondimensional numbers accounting for the shear-thinning behavior or yield and shear-thinning behavior, respectively. It follows that when scaling cuttings transport processes, it is not entirely accurate to, for example, represent a Bingham fluid with a PL fluid because these exhibit different rheological behaviors. In addition, we show that the established process relationship must be nonmonomial, in contrast to the monomial forms used in various cuttings transport studies. Furthermore, we demonstrate that typical nondimensional numbers such as Reynolds, Shields, Archimedes, and Froude numbers arise from the analyses and we discuss some relevant differences.The presented Π-spaces might be used for scaling of process parameters as well as for quantitative comparison of results of one cuttings transport study with those of another. In addition, they could be used to scale wellbore parameters to a laboratory setup or vice versa. Finally, the established process relationship provides a framework for cuttings transport correlations by fitting comprehensive experimental data sets and could potentially be used to improve real-time models.
18 F- FDG PET/CT-derived parameters predict clinical stage and prognosis of esophageal cancer.
Authors: Mantziari Styliani , Pomoni Anastasia , Prior John O , Winiker Michael , Allemann Pierre , Demartines Nicolas , Schäfer Markus 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Although 18 F- FDG PET/CT is validated in baseline workup of esophageal cancer to detect distant metastases, it remains underused in assessing local staging and biology of the primary tumor. This study aimed to evaluate the association between 18 F- FDG PET/CT-derived parameters of esophageal cancer, and its clinico-pathological features and prognosis.Methods All patients (n=86) with esophageal adenocarcinoma or squamous cell cancer operated between 2005-2014 were analyzed. Linear regression was used to identify clinico-pathologic features of esophageal cancer associated with the tumor’s maximal Standardized Uptake Value (SUV max ), Total Lesion Glycolysis (TLG) and Metabolic Tumor Volume (MTV). ROC curve analysis was performed to precise the optimal cutoff of each variable associated with a locally advanced (cT3/4) status, long-term survival and recurrence. Kaplan Meier curves and Cox regression were used for survival analyses.Results High baseline SUV max was associated with cT3/4 status and middle-third tumor location, TLG with a cT3/4 and cN+ status, whereas MTV only with active smoking. A cT3/4 status was significantly predicted by a SUV max >8.25g/mL (p<0.001), TLG>41.7 (p<0.001) and MTV>10.70 cm 3 (p<0.01) whereas a SUV max > 12.7 g/mL was associated with an early tumor recurrence and a poor disease-free survival (median 13 versus 56 months, p=0.030), particularly in squamous cell cancer.Conclusions Baseline 18 F- FDG PET/CT has a high predictive value of preoperative cT stage, as its parameters SUV max , TLG and MTV can predict a locally advanced tumor with high accuracy. A SUV max > 12.7 g/mL may herald early tumor recurrence and poor disease-free survival.
Evaluation of the updated “Candida score” with sepsis 3.0 criteria in critically ill patients
Authors: Li Dongkai , Zhang Jiahui , Han Wen , Bai Guangxu , Cheng Wei , Cui Na 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundThe Candida score proposed in 2009 was calculated on the definition of “severe sepsis”, which was removed in the Sepsis 3.0 definition. This study investigated the clinical relevance of Candida score with the updated sepsis 3.0 definition (CS-3.0) instead of severe sepsis (CS-2009) in the new admitted critically ill patients.MethodWe performed a retrospective analysis on a single‑center public database. All patients with ICU stay≥72 hours were included in this study. The Candida score was calculated based on the data collected on ICU admission. The incidence of invasive candidiasis was determined and its relationship with the CS-2009 and CS-3.0 was studied.ResultsA total of 17,666 patients were identified after screening 58,976 hospital admissions, and 436 cases (2.5%) were diagnosed with invasive candidiasis. In the infection group, the number of patients who met the Sepsis 3.0 criteria was greater than the number of patients with severe sepsis (81.2% vs. 78.4%, p<0.005). The area under curve of the CS-2009 was 0.789 (95% CI 0.765-0.813) and the CS-3.0 was 0.804 (95% CI 0.782-0.827). ConclusionOur study confirmed the clinical relevance and comparative superiority of the updated Candida score model, using the Sepsis 3.0 definition, compared with the classic sepsis/severe sepsis model, in assessment of critically ill patients. Considering the clinical importance of organ dysfunction in ICI, the sepsis 3.0 should be used as the basis for prediction of invasive candidiasis.
Early sepsis markers in patients admitted to intensive care unit with moderate to severe diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Blanchard Florian , Charbit Judith , Meersch Guillaume Van Der , Popoff Benjamin , Picod Adrien , Cohen Regis , Chemouni Frank , Gaudry Stephane , Bihan Helene , Cohen Yves 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Bacterial infections are frequent triggers for diabetic ketoacidosis. In this context, delayed antibiotic treatment is associated with increase morbidity and mortality. Unnecessary administration of antimicrobial therapy might however also negatively impact the prognosis. The usefulness of traditional sepsis markers in diabetic ketoacidosis has not been assessed. Thus, we sought to investigate diagnostic performances of clinical and biological sepsis markers during diabetic ketoacidosis. Methods Patients admitted in a single intensive care unit for diabetic ketoacidosis (defined by pH < 7.3 and glycaemia > 13.75mmol/L) were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical and biological markers were evaluated to determine their ability to identify infected from non-infected patients. Results Between 2011 and 2018, among 134 episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis, 102 were included (91 patients). Twenty out of 102 were infected. At admission, procalcitonin (median: 3.58ng/mL vs 0.52ng/mL, p<0.001) and presence of fever, defined as temperature > 38°C, (25% vs 2.5%, p=0.007) were different between infected patients and non-infected patients in both univariate and multivariate analysis. Whole blood count, neutrophils count and presence of hypothermia were not different between both groups. The diagnostic performance analysis for procalcitonin revealed an area under the curve of 0.87 with an optimal cutoff of 1.44ng/mL leading to a sensibility of 0.90 and a specificity of 0.76. Combining procalcitonin and presence of fever allowed distinguish infected from non-infected patients. Indeed, all patients with procalcitonin level of more than 1.44ng/mL and fever were infected patients. The presence of one of these 2 markers was associated with 46% of infected patients. No afebrile patient with procalcitonin level less than 1.44 ng/mL was infected. Conclusion At admission, combining procalcitonin with a threshold above 1.44 ng/mL and presence of fever may be of value to distinguish infected from non-infected patients admitted in intensive care unit for diabetes ketoacidosis.
Prevalence of HCV among people who inject drugs in Brussels – A Respondent Driven Sampling Survey
Authors: Baelen Luk Van , Plettinckx Els , Antoine Jérôme , Gremeaux Lies 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: In Belgium, people who inject drugs (PWID) are at a high risk of being infected by hepatitis C (HCV) as injecting drug use is the main mode for transmission of HCV in Europe. Estimates about the number of people living with HCV in Belgium are rare and even less is known about the prevalence of HCV among PWID. Method: Between 1 February 2019 and 26 April 2019, PWID and high risk opiate users (HROU) were recruited in Brussels through respondent driven sampling (RDS). They were invited to a questionnaire and underwent a rapid HCV-test. Results: 253 respondents participated in the study, of which 168 were PWID and 238 were HROU, with 153 respondents belonging to both categories. The overall unweighted sample average for HCV antibodies was 41.1%. The weighted population estimates were 43.7% (95%CI: 30.6% - 56.8%) for RDS-II and 43.4% (95%CI: 28.9% - 58.0%) for RDS-SS. Conclusions: This prevalence is lower than the prevalence estimates reported elsewhere in Europe. However, the data still suggest that serious efforts are needed to reach the goal set by the WHO to reduce HCV by 2030 with 90%.
Evaluating the performance of Temporal Pattern Discovery: New application using Statins and Rhabdomyolysis in OMOP databases
Authors: Lavallee M , Yu T , Evans L , Hemelrijck Mieke Van , Bosco C , Golozar A , Asiimwe A 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction Temporal Pattern Discovery (TPD) is a method of signal detection using electronic healthcare databases, serving as an alternative to spontaneous reporting of adverse drug events. Here, we aimed to replicate and optimise a TPD approach previously used to assess temporal signals of statins with rhabdomyolysis (in The Health Improvement Network (THIN) database) by using the OHDSI tools designed for OMOP data sources.Methods We used data from the Truven MarketScan US Commercial Claims and the Commercial Claims and Encounters (CCAE). Using an extension of the OHDSI ICTemporalPatternDiscovery package, we ran positive and negative controls through four analytical settings and calculated sensitivity, specificity, bias and AUC to assess performance.Results Similar to previous findings, we noted an increase in the information component (IC) for simvastatin and rhabdomyolysis following initial exposure and throughout the surveillance window. For example, the change in IC was 0.266 for the surveillance period of 1-30 days as compared to the control period of -180 to -1days. Our modification of the existing OHDSI software allowed for faster queries and more efficient generation of chronographs.Conclusion Our OMOP replication matched the results of the original THIN study, only simvastatin had a signal. The TPD method is a useful signal detection tool that provides a single statistic on temporal association and a graphical depiction of the temporal pattern of the drug outcome combination. It remains unclear if the method works well for rare ADRs, but it has been shown to be a useful risk identification tool for longitudinal observational databases. Future work should compare the performance of TPD with other pharmacoepidemiology methods and mining techniques of signal detection. In addition, it would be worth investigating the relative TPD performance characteristics using a variety of observational data sources.
FADS2 Variants are Associated with Omega-6 Metabolic Conversion in Serbian Adults in a cross-sectional study – Implications for Precision Nutrition Practice
Authors: Zec Manja , Stojković Ljiljana , Zeković Milica , Pokimica Biljana , Živković Maja , Stanković Aleksandra , Glibetic Maria 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background High omega-6/omega-3 intake ratio in westernized world is of concern. FADS genes variants are associated with plasma long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in diverse ethnicities and might modulate plasma omega-6/omega-3 net balance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the relationships between FADS genetic variants with dietary fat and macronutrient intake, plasma phospholipid fatty acid profile, estimated plasma desaturase activity and cardiometabolic risk factors, in a sample of Serbian subjects.Methods Non-smoking adult volunteers (>28 years), free of acute or chronic disease were included. Food and nutrient data were compiled through 24h recalls for non-consecutive days. Plasma phospholipid fatty acid content was assessed by gas-chromatography. Selection of FADS2 variants (rs174593, rs174616 and rs174576) was based on its positional and functional aspect, and evidence-based data. Genotyping was performed by using Real-Time PCR. Estimated desaturase activities were calculated as conversion rates towards LC-PUFA in omega-6 pathway. Multivariable-adjusted general linear were applied and the contribution of minor alleles to the variability of physiological parameters was analyzed by multivariable hierarchical multiple regression models.Results Sample included 34 men and 54 women, mean age=40±7years, with 70% being overweight (BMI>25). Minor allele frequencies were 33%, 36% and 51% for rs174593, rs174576 and rs174616, respectively, in line with other populations. None of the three variants was associated with food or nutrient intake, serum lipids, or obesity (p>0.05). Irrespective of gender, age, total daily polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acid intake and obesity, rs174593, rs174616 and rs174576 were associated with lower arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4 n-6, p<0.001) and estimated desaturase-5 activity (p<0.001) in plasma phospholipids. The rs174576 associations with AA withstood multiple testing and additional adjustments for other variants.Conclusion We observed inverse associations between FADS2 variants and plasma phospholipid AA but not omega-3 fatty acids in a sample of Serbian adults, and larger cohorts should confirm the associations. In our study FADS2 rs174576 exhibited the strongest associations, and future gene-dietary studies with varying omega-6/omega-3 intake should validate its suitability for precision nutrition strategies aimed at PUFA recommendations in Serbian population.Trial registration This is a cross-sectional study, forming part of larger intervention study registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT02800967.
Biofilm formation, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence genes of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from clinical isolates in Uganda
Authors: Katongole Paul , Nalubega Fatuma , Florence Najjuka Christine , Asiimwe Benon , Andia Irene 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Introduction: Uropathogenic E. coli is the leading cause of Urinary tract infections (UTIs), contributing to 80-90% of all community-acquired and 30-50% of all hospital-acquired UTIs. Biofilm forming Uropathogenic E. coli are associated with persistent and chronic inflammation leading to complicated and or recurrent UTIs. Biofilms provide an environment for poor antibiotic penetration and horizontal transfer of virulence genes which favors the development of Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO). Understanding biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance determinants of Uropathogenic E. coli strains will provide insight into the development of treatment options for biofilm-associated UTIs. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of biofilm formation among Uropathogenic E. coli clinical isolates, their relationship with antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and Urovirulence genes. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried in the Clinical Microbiology and Molecular biology laboratories at the Department of Medical Microbiology, Makerere University College of Health Sciences. We randomly selected 200 Uropathogenic E. coli clinical isolates among the stored isolates collected between January 2018 and December 2018 that had significant bacteriuria (>105 CFU). All isolates were subjected to biofilm detection using the Congo Red Agar method and Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby disk diffusion method. The isolates were later subjected PCR for the detection of Urovirulence genes namely; Pap, Fim, Sfa, Afa, Hly and Cnf, using commercially designed primers.Results: In this study, 62.5% (125/200) were positive biofilm formers and 78% (156/200) of these were multi-drug resistant(MDR). The isolates were most resistant to Trimethoprim sulphamethoxazole and Amoxicillin (93%) followed by gentamycin (87%) and the least was imipenem (0.5%). Fim was the most prevalent Urovirulence gene (53.5%) followed by Pap (21%), Sfa (13%), Afa (8%), Cnf (5.5%) and Hyl (0%).Conclusions: We demonstrate a high prevalence of biofilm-forming Uropathogenic E. coli strains that are highly associated with the MDR phenotype. We recommend routine surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formation to understand the antibiotics suitable in the management of biofilm-associated UTIs.
The association of lipopolysaccharide and inflammatory markers with severe dengue infection
Authors: Shyamali N.L Ajantha , Mahaputuna Sameera D. , Gomes Laksiri , Wijewickrama Ananda , Ogg Graham , Malavige Gathsaurie 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Although serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was shown to associate with development of severe dengue, the reasons for high LPS and its subsequent involvement in disease pathogenesis are not known. Methods: We assessed LPS, lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), CRP, IL-18, procalcitonin in patients with acute dengue fever (DF=129) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF=64) and correlated these observations with the presence of comorbid illnesses, concurrent bacteraemia and clinical disease severity. Results: LPS levels were significantly (p=0.01) higher in patients with DHF, compared to those with DF. 45 (70%) of those with DHF and 63 (49%) of those with DF had detectable LPS and therefore, presence of LPS was significantly associated with DHF (p=0.005, OR=2.48, 95% CI: 1.29 to 4.64). Those with metabolic diseases, 22/29 (75.9%) and those with atopic diseases 17/22 (77.3%) were significantly more likely to have detectable LPS (p=0.025, OR=2.9, 95% CI- 1.17 to 7.59) and (p=0.039, OR=3.06, 95% CI-1.07 to 7.81) respectively, than others. LPS, LBP and CRP levels were high at the febrile phase, before onset of plasma leakage and reduced towards to the critical phase. The CRP levels were significantly higher (p=0.03) in early illness (≤3 days of illness) in those who progressed to develop DHF when compared to those who developed DF. Those who had detectable serum LPS also had a significantly higher CRP (p=0.01). Although there was no difference in procalcitonin (PCT) levels in patients with DF and DHF, the PCT levels were significantly higher in those who had detectable serum LPS (p=0.02). Conclusions: LPS levels were higher in patients with DHF and associated with high levels of other inflammatory markers. Since LPS levels were highest during early infection and were significantly more likely to be present in those with comorbid illnesses, the possible role of LPS in disease pathogenesis, should be further investigated.