bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicted deleterious mutations reveal the genomic mechanisms underlying fitness variation in a lekking bird
Authors: Chen Rebecca , Soulsbury Carl , Hench Kosmas , Oers Kees van , Hoffman Joseph 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Deleterious mutations are ubiquitous in natural populations and, when expressed, reduce fitness. However, the specific nature of these mutations and the mechanisms through which they impact fitness remain poorly understood. We leveraged recent advances in genomics to predict deleterious mutations in the black grouse, an iconic lekking species. Analysis of 190 whole genomes alongside comprehensive life history data including repeated measures of behavioural, ornamental and fitness traits, revealed that deleterious mutations identified through evolutionary conservation and functional prediction are strongly associated with reduced male lifetime mating success. Both homozygous and heterozygous mutations reduce fitness, indicating that fully and partially recessive mutations contribute towards an individual’s realized mutation load. Notably, deleterious mutations in promotors have disproportionally negative fitness effects, suggesting they impair an individual’s ability to dynamically adjust gene expression to meet context-dependent functional demands. Finally, deleterious mutations impact male mating success by reducing lek attendance rather than by altering the expression of ornamental traits, implying that behaviour serves as an honest indicator of genetic quality. These findings offer novel insights into the genetic architecture of sexually selected traits and illuminate the complex interplay between genetic variation and phenotypic expression, with important implications for evolutionary biology and conservation genomics.
ROBCPCA: A Robust Multivariate Time Series Clustering Method Based on Common Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Ma Ziling , López-Oriona Ángel , Ombao Hernando , Sun Ying 
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Multivariate time series (MTS) clustering is crucial for analyzing complex temporal data across various fields. Principal component analysis (PCA)-based methods are popular for their effectiveness in dimensionality reduction, but they are often sensitive to outliers and can not properly handle varying observation lengths. Common principal component analysis (CPCA) addresses the latter limitation by identifying a common set of principal components that capture the shared variance structure across multiple objects.
In this paper, we develop a robust MTS clustering method based on CPCA (which we call ROBCPCA), enhancing existing CPCA-based algorithms through the use of an initial grouping mechanism, the detection of richer temporal dependence structures using cross-covariance matrices for several lags, and the introduction of robustness against outliers. Compared to the classical CPCA-based approach, the proposed ROBCPCA method demonstrates improved performance on both non-temporal and temporal, uncontaminated and contaminated data. In addition, ROBCPCA produced good results when applied to multichannel electroencephalogram time series.
The Effect of Inhaled Beta-2 Agonists on Heart Rate in Patients With Asthma: Sensor-Based Observational Study
Authors: Khusial Rishi Jayant , Sont Jacob K , Usmani Omar S , Bonini Matteo , Chung Kian Fan , Fowler Stephen James , Honkoop Persijn J 
Published: December 2024

Background
Beta-2 agonists play an important role in the management of asthma. Inhaled long-acting beta-2 agonists (LABAs) and short-acting beta-2 agonists (SABAs) cause bronchodilation by stimulating adrenoceptors. These receptors are also present in cardiac cells and, as a side effect, could also be stimulated by inhaled beta-2 agonists.

Objective
This study aims to assess the effect of beta-2 agonists on heart rate (HR).

Methods
The data were retrieved from an observational study, the myAirCoach Quantification Campaign. Beta-2 agonist use was registered by self-reported monthly questionnaires and by smart inhalers. HR was monitored continuously with the Fitbit Charge HR tracker (Fitbit Inc). Patients (aged 18 years and older) were recruited if they had uncontrolled asthma and used inhalation medication. Our primary outcome was the difference in HR between LABA and non-LABA users. Secondary outcomes were the difference in HR on days SABAs were used compared to days SABAs were not used and an assessment of the timing of inhaler use during the day.

Results
Patients using LABA did not have a clinically relevant higher HR (average 0.8 beats per minute difference) during the day. Around the moment of SABA inhalation itself, the HR does increase steeply, and it takes 138 minutes before it returns to the normal range.

Conclusions
This study indicates that LABAs do not have a clinically relevant effect on HR. SABAs are instead associated with a short-term HR increase.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02774772; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02774772
Enhancing HIV Cognitive Abilities and Self-Management Through Information Technology–Assisted Interventions: Scoping Review
Authors: Huang Hao , Xie MeiLian , Yang Zhen , Wang AiPing 
Published: December 2024

Background
HIV/AIDS remains a significant global challenge, and with the rapid advancement of technology, there has been an increasing number of interventions aimed at improving HIV/AIDS cognition and self-management behaviors among patients. However, there is still a lack of detailed literature integrating relevant evidence.

Objective
This study aims to comprehensively review existing research on interventions using modern information methods to improve HIV/AIDS cognition and enhance self-management behaviors among patients. It systematically reports the theoretical frameworks and specific intervention strategies used in current research, providing a comprehensive overview of the development status of relevant studies. We aim to compile existing evidence through this scoping review to identify potential avenues for future research.

Methods
We followed the scoping review framework proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute for the synthesis and reporting of evidence. Relevant literature was searched using electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library. The time frame for inclusion was from 2018 to December 1, 2023. Inclusion criteria were (1) interventions using modern information technology or new digital media, (2) studies focusing on improving HIV awareness or self-management behaviors among people living with HIV, (3) intervention studies or evaluations of intervention effects, and (4) studies published within the last five years. Two reviewers (HH and MX) independently assessed each study at both the title and abstract screening stage and the full-text review stage, resolving any disagreements through discussion.

Results
A total of 55 studies that met the inclusion criteria were included. The Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills model, Social Cognitive Theory, Health Belief Model, Theory of Planned Behavior, and Information Systems Research Framework are among the most commonly used theoretical frameworks. Modern information technology interventions are mainly constructed using smartphone apps, SMS text messaging, internet-based platforms, audiovisual materials, and digital health education platforms, with smartphone apps and SMS text messaging being the most widely used intervention media.

Conclusions
Modern information technology is becoming an important tool for health interventions among people living with HIV/AIDS. However, future research should focus on integrating theoretical framework guidance with intervention design, further exploring the diversity of intervention implementations, the applicability of different technological methods, their long-term effects, and how to more effectively combine traditional intervention strategies to maximize intervention outcomes.
Leadership of The Head of The Community Learning Center as A Motivator in Community Learning (Case Study on Papua Sejahtera Community Learning Center in Manokwari Regency)
Authors: Habib Muhammad Rafi Iriawan , Ishaq M. Ishaq , Ahmad Ahmad 
Published: December 2024

This study aims to: (1) analyse the advantages of flexible and innovative leaders, (2) analyse the advantages of leaders who are able to manage and organize, and (3) analyse the advantages of leaders who are able to communicate well in ensuring that information about education programs can be conveyed well to the community. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study research type. Data collection methods were conducted using interviews, observations and documentation studies. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of data condensation, data display, and verification and conclusion drawing. The data validity test was carried out using the triangulation method. The results showed that: (1) The head of PKBM Papua Sejahtera has adopted a democratic leadership approach that allows for member participation in decision-making, while also demonstrating flexibility and responsibility towards change. The head of PKBM, evident through his responsiveness to behavioral changes and openness to suggestions and inputs, affirms his commitment to adaptive and sustainable learning, especially in the context of implementing an independent curriculum and online and offline learning during the Covid-19 pandemic, (2) The Head of PKBM Papua Sejahtera applies innovative leadership that integrates various leadership theories, including inclusive and collaborative approaches in decision making, wise task delegation strategies, and handling difficult situations with various strategies, (3) Good and effective communication skills possessed by the Head of PKBM Papua Sejahtera are a key element in the successful management of the education unit. His inclusive communication approach, various means of communication used, and consistency in communication ensure that information is conveyed well and on time to the PKBM community. The honest, transparent, trustworthy and understanding attitude shown by the leadership builds a strong foundation of trust, which then opens up space for openness and positive participation from PKBM members. A holistic approach to conveying information, including the use of various media and in-person interaction, helps ensure communication effectiveness, especially in the face of change or uncertainty. Effective communication is a key driver in creating an enabling environment for the growth, participation and successful management of PKBM. Keywords: Leadership, Motivator, Community Learning
Community Empowerment Based on Local Materials
Authors: Setiawati Setiawati , Aini Wirdatul' , Pridayati Lucy 
Published: December 2024

Community empowerment through local resource-based training is a strategic effort to enhance skills and economic independence, particularly in rural areas. This training program aims to utilize locally available resources, such as natural materials and agricultural products, to create high-value-added products. By involving the community in the learning and production process, the training can improve individual capacities and strengthen the local economy. Additionally, the use of local materials promotes environmental sustainability by reducing reliance on imported or environmentally harmful materials. The program’s outcomes are expected to generate new job opportunities, increase community income, and raise awareness of the importance of optimizing local resources.Key Word : Community empowerment , local resource , training is a strategic
Aventuras de un lector in fabula: resonancias de El nombre de la rosa y de la teoría literaria de Umberto Eco en El club Dumas de Arturo Pérez-Reverte
Authors: Dobrowolska de Tejerina Magdalena 
Published: December 2024

El presente artículo está dedicado al estudio de las resonancias de la obra narrativa y teórico-literaria de Umberto Eco en El club Dumas de Arturo Pérez-Reverte. Después de señalar los rasgos que esta novela comparte con El nombre de la rosa, vamos a analizar la manera en la que se reflejan en ella las teorías expuestas en Lector in fabula y otros textos teóricos del semiólogo italiano. Consideramos que uno de los procedimientos más interesantes de El club Dumas consiste en plantear de forma narrativa, dentro de la ficción novelesca, los problemas clave de la crítica literaria de orientación pragmático-receptiva conocidos de las obras de Umberto Eco: el papel del lector, la cooperación interpretativa y las estrategias del texto.
Left atrial volumetric/mechanical coupling index and atrial fibrillation in the embolic stroke of undetermined source
Authors: Mugnai Giacomo , Comuzzi Alberto , De Giovanni Sara , Armani Ilaria , Benfari Giovanni , Zivelonghi Cecilia , Bolzan Bruna , Capocci Sofia , Cappellari Manuel , Tomasi Luca , Ribichini Flavio 
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Nowadays, no clear predictors of atrial fibrillation in patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) are known. Some echocardiographic parameters have been proposed as potential predictors of atrial fibrillation in patients with ESUS. The ratio between left atrial volume and tissue Doppler (TDI) a’ provides the left atrial volumetric/mechanical coupling index (LACI) and represents a feasible surrogate for left atrial function, and might be useful to identify atrial fibrillation in this subset of patients.

Methods and results
All consecutive patients having undergone an implantable loop recorder (ILR) for ESUS between 2017 and 2022 were retrospectively enrolled. All patients were followed through remote monitoring and telephone visit for a minimum follow-up of 6 months.
A total number of 129 patients (mean age: 72.2 ± 8.8 years; 55% of men) were analyzed. Patients developing atrial fibrillation presented higher baseline LACI (5.53 ± 2.52 vs. 3.25 ± 1.19, P < 0.001). The multivariate analysis showed that LACI was independently and significantly associated with atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio = 1.21, 95% confidence interval 1.09–1.32, P < 0.01). The best cut-off value of LACI was found to be 4.24.

Discussion
Our data confirm that LACI is independently associated with atrial fibrillation in patients with ILR following ESUS, accounting for clinical or echocardiographic factors.
Edge-to-edge repair for tricuspid regurgitation: 1-year follow-up and clinical implications from the TR-Interventional Study
Authors: Carpenito Myriam , De Luca Valeria Maria , Cammalleri Valeria , Piscione Mariagrazia , Antonelli Giorgio , Gaudio Dario , Strumia Alessandro , Di Pumpo Anna Laura , Mega Simona , Carassiti Massimiliano , Grigioni Francesco , Ussia Gian Palo 
Published: December 2024

Aims
Tricuspid regurgitation affects 7% of the population, with moderate-to-severe tricuspid regurgitation contributing to up to 12% of heart failure-related hospitalizations. Traditional treatments have several limitations, prompting the exploration of innovative interventions. Our study aims to investigate the efficacy and clinical outcomes following transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) in patients with severe, symptomatic tricuspid regurgitation through a 1-year follow-up.

Methods
The TR-Interventional study (TRIS) is a prospective, single-arm study conducted at the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico. From March 2021 to December 2023, we enrolled 44 symptomatic patients with at least severe tricuspid regurgitation referred for tricuspid TEER with the TriClip System.

Results
The study cohort had a mean age of 78.3 ± 7 years with a median TRISCORE 5.4% (interquartile range 3.5–9.0). Significant reduction in tricuspid regurgitation grade occurred immediately after the procedure with durable results at 30 days and 1-year follow-up (P < 0.001). The primary efficacy endpoint, which assesses the successful implantation and performance of the device at 30 days, was attained in 82.9% of patients. The secondary efficacy endpoint, evaluating the stability of tricuspid regurgitation reduction at 12 months, was achieved in 82.3% of patients. The NYHA Functional Class and KCCQ scores significantly improved from baseline to 1 year (P < 0.05; P < 0.0001). Echocardiographic assessments reveal sustained positive right ventricle remodeling throughout the 1-year follow-up period.

Conclusion
Evidence from the TRIS study confirms that tricuspid TEER is a valuable and effective therapeutic option in contemporary practice. The lasting reduction in tricuspid regurgitation at 1 year is associated with sustained clinical benefits and reverse structural remodeling of the right ventricle.
Bureaucratic Polarization: Balancing Merit and Trust in the Romanian Senate
Authors: Raiu Catalin , Negoiţă Ionuţ Ciprian 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper addresses the advisory arrangements within the Chancellery of the President of the Romanian Senate, examining in a comparative manner the profiles and roles of the two types of in-house advisors, tenured parliamentary experts and personal advisors, in designing and influencing the decision-making process. The article uses a complex methodology based on social network analysis, qualitative and content analysis of semi-structured interviews with former Chancellery directors, and quantitative analysis of personnel data in order to present a full picture of the internal relations and interactions between the parliamentary experts and personal advisors over the period from March 10, 2014 until July 29, 2022, covering seven different Romanian Senate president mandates. Our findings show that for tenured civil servants, activity within the Chancellery constitutes one of the most important periods of their professional career, while for personal advisors, the activity within the Chancellery is another window of opportunity to enhance their political network.
Theoretic Trends in Private-Public Partnership Research: Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Shpak Nestor , Pyroh Olha , Doroshkevyc Kateryna , Koleshchuk Orest , Lipentsev Andrii 
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This paper conducted detailed research on publication activity in the public-private partnership (PPP) field based on bibliometric analysis. The main aim was to research the different literature materials and systematize trends and priority fields of PPP research. Scopus tools were used to determine the dynamics of the number of indexed publications, research belonging to the country and journals, and the branch structure of publication activity on the research topic, highlighting academics’ contributions in the PPP research field by the number of citations and published papers. The search for the most relevant publications used the key concept of “private-public partnership” in titles, abstracts, and keywords in the bibliometric database Scopus for 1952 - 2022. VOSviewer software is used to build network maps of keyword compatibility, collaborate with authors by country, and measure the research time. Based on the results of the literature review, conclusions are drawn about the growing dynamics of the number of publications in the PPP field; 3 stages of scientific interest in PPP research are identified; the multidisciplinary nature of the concept under study is confirmed; the PPP term is clarified; 7 clusters that characterize the main areas of research in the field of PPP are identified; the leading countries and the most cited authors are identified by their affiliation to a particular country; it is established that the intensive development of scientific research in PPP in the countries of the world took place in the period 2010-2014; the development of PPP in CEE and Ukraine is characterized.
Utility of Aromatherapy and Music Therapy in Palliative Care: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Daquilema Juan Fernando Coronel , Vintimilla María Gabriela Sánchez , Ocampo Tania Marianela Soto , López Diego Xavier Carpio , Espinoza María Fernanda López , Guadalupe Leonila Jesús Siguencia 
Published: December 2024

Objective: to determine the usefulness of music therapy and aromatherapy in palliative care, evaluating their impact on patients' quality of life and their integration as complementary therapies.

Theoretical framework: palliative care addresses physical, emotional, social and spiritual aspects of terminally ill patients. Therapies such as music therapy and aromatherapy have shown benefits in reducing pain, anxiety and other associated symptoms. These complementary therapies are recognized for their ability to improve quality of life in a holistic approach.

Methods: the review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 statement. Nine relevant articles were included, published in the last five years, in English or Spanish, and related to music therapy or aromatherapy in patients over 18 years of age. The search was carried out in databases such as PubMed and Scopus, using terms related to “Palliative Care”, “Aromatherapy” and “Music Therapy”.

Results and Discussion: aromatherapy, especially combined with massage, improves sleep and reduces anxiety, although it does not significantly affect vital signs. Music therapy contributes to relaxation, emotional well-being and functionality, showing positive impacts on both patients and family members. However, the studies present methodological limitations and do not always reflect real conditions.

Research implications: both therapies are promising for palliative care. They bring a significant improvement in quality of life, although more robust studies are needed to consolidate their effectiveness and applicability in different contexts.

Originality/value: this study stands out for integrating updated evidence on complementary therapies, offering a valuable perspective for their implementation in palliative care.
An evaluation and correlation of airway space of pharynx, mandibular morphology, and tongue volume in skeletal classes and facial patterns – A cone beam computed tomography study
Authors: Sana Safiya , Patil Revati , Jain Priyanka , Kondody Rony T. , Gaikwad Shashank 
Published: December 2024

Objectives:
Respiration and its function have a direct relationship with the pharyngeal airway, mandibular morphology, and tongue. The objective of this study was to evaluate and correlate pharyngeal airway space, mandibular morphology, and tongue volume in various skeletal classes and facial patterns.

Material and Methods:
A total of 120 pre-treatment cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were randomly classified into 3 skeletal classes (40/group). Each class was further categorized into hyperdivergent and hypodivergent growth patterns. Linear and angular measurements were estimated using three-dimensional digital imaging programs (Kavo 3D OnDemand software), and pharyngeal airway and tongue space were volumetrically analyzed by ITK-SNAP segmentation software.

Results:
All the measured variables showed highly significant differences except for the anterior-posterior angle of the mandible, which was statistically insignificant with P = 0.675. The simple regression was formulated to assess the volume of airway space.

Conclusion:
Hyperdivergent subjects had reduced pharyngeal airway space and tongue volume when compared to hypodivergent subjects. Among all the subgroups, Class III hypodivergent showed the highest pharyngeal airway volume and tongue volume, and the least was found in Class II hypodivergent. A direct relationship was estimated between airway mandibular morphology and tongue volume, recommending thorough analysis of oropharyngeal structures in a non-individualized way for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.