bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PCSK9 inhibitors for in-hospital treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome and severe lipid metabolism disorders
Authors: Barbarash O. L. , Fedorova N. V. , Sedykh D. Yu. , Gruzdeva O. V. , Khryachkova O. N. , Kashtalap V. V. , Filimonova A. A. 
Published: September 2020

Aim. To assess the efficacy and safety of PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab as part of a combination lipid-lowering therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Material and methods. This prospective, open-label, single-center activetreatment study included 13 patients hospitalized due to ACS. The main inclusion criterion was nonachievement of target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values (<1,4 mmol/L) with high-intensity statin therapy prior to ACS. During the first 30 days after ACS, all patients received therapy with atorvastatin 40-80 mg/day or rosuvastatin 20-40 mg/day in combination with alirocumab 150 mg/ml (Praluent) administered by subcutaneous injection. Lipid and biochemical profiles were monitored. The first injection of the PCSK9 inhibitor was performed on days 3-5 of hospitalization, the second — after 2 weeks.Results. On admission, the median LDL-C was 4,3 [3,5;5,3] mmol/L. A day after administration, there was a decrease in LDL-C by 41,9% (median 2,5 [1,8;3,2] mmol/L; p=0,001) without a negative effect on high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C) (median 1,2 [0,8;1,4] mmol/L; p=0,270). Before the next injection, LDL-C decreased by another 8% (median 2,3 [1,1;4,1] mmol/L). A day after the second injection, a decrease in LDL-C from the baseline values was 69,8% (median 1,3 [0,7;1,5] mmol/L; p=0,010). Strengthening lipid-lowering therapy with a PCSK9 inhibitor within 30 days after ACS did not lead to clinical and biochemical deterioration.Conclusion. The use of subcutaneous 150-mg injections of alirocumab 2 times a week 30 days after ACS in patients who did not reach target LDL-C values with statin therapy, leads to a 69% decrease in LDL-C from baseline values and is safe.
THE EFFECTS OF IMMOBILIZATION STRESS ON PLACENTA AND FETUS IN PREGNANT MICE
Authors: SEMERCİ Nihan , BİLİCİ Gökçen , YILMAZ Filiz , ÇAVDAR Zahide , SACIK Uygar , KAYIŞLI Ümit , ERBİL Guven 
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT AIM: Stress can affect negatively mother and fetuses during
pregnancy. We aimed to investigate the effects of chronic immobilization stress
on placental maturation and fetal development.MATERİALS AND METHODS: Balb/c virgin female mice (20-30 g)
were mated with male mice in a 2 to 1 female to male ratio. Pregnant mice in
control group (n=6) were left undisturbed, whereas pregnant mice in the stress
group (n=6) were exposed to 45 min chronic immobilization stress for three
times/day starting from gestational day 6 till 18. Fetuses and placentas were
removed from dams on the gestational day 18 under anesthesia.RESULTS: The prenatal stress significantly
increased apoptosis in several placental cells including trophoblastic giant
cells, glycogen cells and labyrinth trophoblastic cells and resulted in
intrauterine growth restriction. The stress caused a decreased superoxide
dismutase and glutathione levels. Alizarin Red S staining shows the
ossification center of the fetuses to see developmental abnormality.

CONCLUSION: Gestational stress causes placental
dysfunctions by triggering apoptosis, reducing the labyrinth zone as well as
increasing collagen levels, which may impair fetal development that may
contribute to pathogenesis of intrauterine growth restriction.
Pharmacoeconomic aspects of using enzalutamide for treatment of patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Avxentyev N. A. , Frolov M. Yu. , Makarova Yu. V. 
Published: September 2020

Background. Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases among men. Until recently, the most common treatment of nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) in Russia was to continue previously started hormonal therapy. Enzalutamide is a second-generation anti-androgen indicated for treatment of CRPC, regardless of a patient’s metastatic status, which significantly increases metastasis-free survival in nmCRPC compared with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).Objective: to evaluate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of enzalutamide use in patients with nmCRPC and the ICER of abiraterone as the first-line therapy for mCRPC from the Russian healthcare system perspective.Materials and methods. Standard ADT regimens for nmCRPC were used as a comparator as it was the only approved treatment for nmCRPC in Russia. We proposed a Markov model of CRPC progression on enzalutamide plus ADT (hereinafter enzalutamide) or ADT based on PROSPER trial data. Model was used to calculate progression-free life years and costs of nmCRPC and post-progression CRPC treatment. Simulation period was 5 years with one cycle of 1 month. In the “cost–effectiveness” analysis, we calculated enzalutamide ICER compared to ADT. In addition, we calculated ICER for abiraterone plus ADT and prednisolone (hereinafter abiraterone) vs ADT + prednisolone in the first-line therapy of metastatic CRPC (mCRPC) as a benchmark. In both cases, time to disease progression over a 5-year period was used as an efficacy criteria.Results. According to the Markov model, progression-free life-years gained for enzalutamide were 3.12 years compared to 1.79 for ADT within a 5-year period. The average enzalutamide therapy costs were 7,989,475.8 rubles/1 patient for 5 years, which were 5,716,983.5 rubles higher than when using ADT (2,272,492.3 rubles). ICER for enzalutamide (vs ADT) was 4,307,136.3 rubles per one progression-free life-year gained. ICER for abiraterone in the first line of mCRPC treatment (vs ADT + prednisolone) was 6,191,617.4 rubles per one progression-free life-year gained.Conclusion. In the Russian healthcare system, ICER for enzalutamide in nmCRPC was 4,307,136.3 rubles and the ICER for abiraterone in mCRPC was 6,191,617.4 rubles.
“A CLINICO-RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF IMMEDIATE LOADED DENTAL IMPLANTS PLACED IN FRESH EXTRACTION SOCKETS OR HEALED SITES IN PERIODONTALLY COMPROMISED PATIENTS”
Authors: Mishra Dr santosh , Rao JK Dayashankara , R , Batra , M Shukla 
Published: September 2020

Historically, one of the major reasons for tooth extractions or tooth loss has been severe periodontitis either acute or chronic However, a removable partial denture or a complete denture often produces several problems leading to loss of taste, feeling of premature aging and loss of self confidence. 1,5. Furthermore, from a functional point of view, treated patients may not be able to cope with the removable prostheses during healing phases, due to bad retention of the provisionals, or may even ask for an immediate treatment solution for functional and esthetic reasons. Consequently, there has been a need or at least a wish for the development of routine implant protocols, decreasing or even eliminating the healing periods before loading inserted implants.3 Immediate implant placement and loading of implant reduces treatment time while providing high predictability and excellent esthetic outcome which are goals for the development of dental implant treatment resulting from severe periodontitis would benefit from use of such a treatment modality ,especially if those teeth could be extracted and immediate implant and a prosthesis provided. However ,information regarding immediate implant placement in patient with severe periodontitis has been limited.
Evaluation of traditional initial vancomycin dosing versus utilizing an electronic AUC/MIC dosing program
Authors: Kerri A. McGrady  , Benton Makenzie , Tart Serina , Bowers Riley 
Published: September 2020

Background: Area under the curve to minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC/MIC) has been recommended by the 2020 updated vancomycin guidelines for dosing vancomycin for both efficacy and safety. Previously, AUC/MIC has been cumbersome to calculate so surrogate trough concentrations of 15-20 mg/dL were utilized. However, trough-based dosing is not a sufficient surrogate as AUC/MIC targets of 400-600 can usually be reached without achieving troughs of 15-20 mg/dL. Targeting higher trough levels may also lead to adverse events including acute kidney injury (AKI) and nephrotoxicity.
Objective: To compare the mean total first day vancomycin dose in traditional trough-based dosing versus dosing recommended by an AUC/MIC dosing program.
Methods: Adult inpatients who received at least 24 hours of IV vancomycin treatment were included in this single-center, retrospective cohort study. The primary endpoint was difference in mean total first day vancomycin dose in milligrams (mg) received between patients’ traditional trough-based dosing and recommended dose via AUC/MIC electronic dosing calculator. Patients served as their own control by analyzing both actual dose received and dose recommended by the electronic AUC/MIC program. Rates of vancomycin induced adverse events, including acute kidney injury, elevated steady-state trough concentrations, and Red Man’s syndrome were also compared between patients who received doses consistent with the AUC/MIC dosing recommendation versus those who did not.
Results: 264 patients were included in this study. Initial 24-hour vancomycin exposure was significantly lower with the recommended AUC/MIC dose versus the dose received (2380.7; SD 966.6 mg vs 2649.6; SD 831.8 mg, [95% CI 114.7:423.1] p=0.0007).
Conclusions: Utilizing an electronic AUC/MIC vancomycin dosing calculator would result in lower total first day vancomycin doses.
Another image of accounting - creative accounting
Authors: Comandaru Ana-Maria Andrei , Stanescu Sorina-Geanina , Toma Cristina Mihaela , Paduraru Adriana Horaicu 
Published: September 2020

Creative accounting emerged during the last century in the English-Saxon economies as a result of the growing complexity of the economic reality. Creative accounting can be defined as the set of techniques used by a company’s accounting unit to modify the presentation of its accounts in a manner favourable to its expectations. Creativity in accounting can be used depending on the intention of the accountant, both in order to manipulate the financial statements and to find new solutions and accounting methods to the problems faced by a company. The positive or negative side of creative accounting is given by the many motivations for using it. The objective of this research is to present the main techniques and principles of creative accounting and its applicability at the national level in order to identify the advantages or limitations of using this new ‘creative accounting’ paradigm. The research methodology used in this scientific article is based on the study of the specialised literature in the field using theoretical documentation and comparative analysis.
Keywords: Creative accounting techniques, Principles, Reports.

.
Efektifitas Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang Dalam Rangka Mencegah Kepailitan (Studi Kasus PKPU PT Asmin Koalindo Tuhup di Pengadilan Niaga Jakarta Pusat)
Authors: Simon Boerhan Ali Teukoe Harmanshah 
Published: September 2020

<p>Dalam penyelenggaraan korporasi kerap ditemui kesulitan yang terjadi pada saat harus menunaikan kewajiban dalam jual beli baik barang maupun jasa. Sehubungan itu, sejak tahun 1906 melalui <em>Faillissements-verorderning Staatsblad 1905:217 juncto Staatsblad 1906:348</em>, Indonesia telah mengenal konsep Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (PKPU) yang saat ini diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 Tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang. Tulisan ini membahas mengenai efektivitas PKPU dalam mencegah kepailitan, dengan studi kasus PKPU PT Asmin Koalindo Tuhup (PT AKT) di Pengadilan Niaga Jakarta Pusat. PT AKT sebagai perusahaan tambang batu bara di Kalimantan Selatan mengajukan PKPU karena terbelit utang yang jumlahnya cukup fantastis, yakni mencapai Rp25 triliun karena mengalami dampak penurunan harga batu bara dan berkurangnya pembelian dari Tiongkok. Sehubungan dengan itu, PT AKT mengajukan PKPU secara sukarela di Pengadilan Niaga Jakarta Pusat untuk mencegah kepailitan dengan harapan PT AKT tetap dapat melakukan <em>going concern</em>. Kita akan melihat efektifitas PKPU sebagai langkah hukum yang diajukan oleh PT AKT untuk mewujudkan restrukturisasi dan mencegah terjadinya kepailitan. </p>
Evolution of Subduction Dynamics beneath West Avalonia in Middle to Late Ordovician Times
Authors: Jutras Pierre , Murphy J. Brendan , Quick Dennis , Dostal Jaroslav 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Middle to Upper Ordovician volcanic rocks in the Arisaig area of Nova Scotia, Canada, constitute the only known record of volcanism in West Avalonia during that interval. Hence, they have been extensively studied to test paleocontinental reconstructions that consistently show Avalonia as a drifting microcontinent during that period. Identification of volcanic rocks with an intermediate composition (the new Seaspray Cove Formation) between upper Darriwilian bimodal volcanic rocks of the Dunn Point Formation and Sandbian felsic pyroclastic rocks of the McGillivray Brook Formation has led to a reevaluation of magmatic relationships in the Ordovician volcanic suite at Arisaig. Although part of the same volcanic construction, the three formations are separated by significant time-gaps and are shown to belong to three distinct magmatic subsystems. The tectonostratigraphic context and trace element contents of the Dunn Point Formation basalts suggest that they were produced by the high-degree partial melting of an E-MORB type source in a back-arc extensional setting, whereas trace element contents in intermediate rocks of the Seaspray Cove Formation suggest that they were produced by the low-degree partial melting of a subduction-enriched source in an arc setting. The two formations are separated by a long interval of volcanic quiescence and deep weathering, during which time the back-arc region evolved from extension to shortening and was eventually onlapped by arc volcanic rocks. Based on limited field constraints, paleomagnetic and paleontological data, this progradation of arc onto back-arc volcanic rocks occurred from the north, where an increasingly young Iapetan oceanic plate was being subducted at an increasingly shallow angle. Partial subduction of the Iapetan oceanic ridge is thought to have subsequently generated slab window magmatism, thus marking the last pulse of subduction-related volcanism in both East and West Avalonia.
U-Th-Pb Geochronology and Lu-Hf Isotope Geochemistry of Detrital Zircons in Metasedimentary Rocks of the Southern Coast Mountains Batholith
Authors: Dafov Michelle N. , Carrera Anahi , Gehrels George E. , Alberts Dan , Pereira Mekha , Cecil M. Robinson , Rusmore Margaret E. , Stowell Harold H. , Woodsworth Glenn J. 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Most metasedimentary rocks in the southern Coast Mountains batholith are of uncertain tectonic affinity because they occur in discontinuous pendants surrounded by large intrusive bodies, and many protolith features are obscured by regional deformation and metamorphism. This study uses U-Th-Pb ages and Lu-Hf isotope signatures of detrital zircons in metasedimentary rocks in Bute, Loughborough, and Knight Inlets in an effort to test possible correlations with the adjacent Wrangellia, Alexander, Taku, Yukon-Tanana, and Stikine terranes. Detrital zircons from metasedimentary samples yield ages that belong to age groups of 590-528 Ma (peak age of 560 Ma), 485-432 Ma (peak age of 452 Ma), 356-286 Ma (peak age of 307 Ma), and 228-185 Ma (peak ages of 215 and 198 Ma). A small number of ~1.1-1.9 Ga grains are also present. εHft values of the 590-185 Ma grains yield a progression from intermediate (0 to +5) values to more juvenile (mostly +4 to +15) values from Neoproterozoic through early Mesozoic time. The Comparison of these results with similar data sets from adjacent terranes demonstrates that primary connections with the Yukon-Tanana and Taku terranes are unlikely but are consistent with primary connections with the Wrangellia, Stikine, and/or Alexander terranes. Unfortunately, the available constraints are not sufficient to eliminate any of these options or the possibility that the pendants are a unique tectonic fragment. Zircons from the metasedimentary samples also yield U-Th-Pb ages of 165-128 Ma (peak age of 152 Ma) and 114-88 Ma (peak age of 102 Ma). εHft values of these zircon domains are mostly juvenile (+7 to +13). Comparison of U concentrations, U/Th values, and CL textures of zircons from the metasedimentary samples, leucocratic sills that intrude the pendants, and surrounding plutonic bodies suggests that most of the young grains, as well as widespread younger rims on older grains, grew during metamorphism associated with emplacement of the adjacent plutonic bodies. Some young grains were derived from thin felsic sills or veins that were unintentionally included in the sampled material.
Designing and evaluating an interprofessional education conference approach to antimicrobial education
Authors: Guilding Clare , Hardisty Jessica , Randles Elsa , Statham Louise , Green Alan , Bhudia Roshni , Thandi Charan Singh , Teodorczuk Andrew , Scott Lesley , Matthan Joanna 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
BackgroundArguably, Medical School curricula are deficient in learning opportunities related to the safe and effective use of medicines, in particular antimicrobials. Infection management is complex and multidisciplinary, and learning opportunities should reflect these principles. Aligned to the complexity of the subject matter, simulation and interprofessional based teaching are methods that can foster the collaborative skills required of future healthcare professionals. There have been calls to develop these methods in the teaching of safe prescribing and the management of infections; however, reports of such studies are limited. MethodsWe developed an interprofessional education (IPE) conference for second year undergraduate medical and pharmacy students based in the North East of England. We considered contact theory in the design of three small group interprofessional workshops, on the broad themes of antimicrobial stewardship, infection management and patient safety. A mixed methods approach assessed students’ attitudes towards IPE, barriers and facilitators of learning, and perceived learning gains. Qualitative data from workshop evaluation forms were analysed thematically, while quantitative data were analysed descriptively and differences between medical and pharmacy cohorts analysed using unpaired two-tailed t-tests.Results226/352 students returned the workshop evaluation forms (66% of pharmacy students, 62% of medical students). 281/352 students responded to a series of Likert scale questions on the value of interprofessional education (88% of pharmacy students, 70% of medical students). Students reported acquisition of knowledge and skills, including concepts and procedures related to infection management and antimicrobial prescribing, and the development of problem-solving and critical evaluation skills. Students reflected on their attitude towards interprofessional collaboration. They reported a greater understanding of the roles of other healthcare professionals, reflected on the importance of effective communication in ensuring patient safety, and were more confident to work in interprofessional teams after the conference. ConclusionsA robust IPE event, theoretically underpinned by contact theory and developed collaboratively, achieved interprofessional learning at scale and helped develop healthcare professionals willing to collaborate across disciplines. The resources, and evaluation insights based on the 3P (presage, process, and product) model of learning and teaching, will be of value to other educators who seek to develop theoretically-sound IPE interventions.
Meal Replacement in Dietary Management of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Chen Lew Leong , Ludin Arimi Fitri Mat , Shahar Suzana , Manaf Zahara Abdul , Tauhid Noorlaili Mohd 
Published: September 2020

Abstract
Background:The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been increasing globally. Without proper management, T2DM can develop into serious complications and even death. Diet modification is one of the most effective tool in managing T2DM at the early stage but it requires knowledge and compliance from the patients. Thus, meal replacement (MR) has gained its popularity as a tool for diet modification to improve glycemic control and also reducing weight in T2DM patients. There are several existing meal replacement studies but not much is known on the general scope and effect of these existing MRs. Hence, this review is aimed to provide an overview of the existing evidences regarding the application of meal replacement on T2DM patients and identify the gaps or limitation in the studies.Methodology:The scoping review will be carried out in six stages. (1) identifying the research question, (2) identifying relevant studies through electronic databases (ie. Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Reviews, Google Scholar, EBSCOHOST, Science Direct) and also grey literature, (3) selection of studies to be included based on inclusion criteria. Search and initial screening of studies to be included will be conducted by two independent reviewers. Discrepancies will then be solved through discussion with other reviewers, (4) Chart and categorize extracted data in a pretested data extraction form, (5) collating, summarising and reporting the results and lastly, (6) conducting consultation with stakeholders and experts in diabetes.Discussion:This scoping review protocol is aimed to provide a framework enabling us to map and summarize the findings from existing studies involving meal replacement. It will help researchers to identify research gap and provide recommendations for future meal replacement studies. The results from this scoping review will be useful to various stakeholders in healthcare. It is also part of a research project in which the information obtained will be utilized in clinical trial of a developed meal replacement plan. Dissemination of knowledge will also be done through presentations at related scientific conferences.