bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiological analysis of water and thickeners used for people with dysphagia
Authors: Boaden Elizabeth , Thomas Lois , Higham Susan , Watkins Caroline 
Published: April 2020

Background: Thickened fluids are a recognised intervention strategy in use for people with dysphagia. However, their bacterial profile has not previously been examined. Aims: To identify bacteria and changes in bacterial profiles in a range of water sources and thickener preparations over a 5-day period. Methods: Nine experiments were performed using a range of preparations of water (sterile, drinking, non-drinking tap water) and a thickening agent (sterile sachet and a used tin). Findings: No bacteria were grown on serial subcultures of sterile water, both with and without thickener. Drinking, tap and thickened water left at room temperature for 24 hours may become contaminated with environmental organisms. Conclusions: The growth of bacteria in preparations of thickening agent appears to be dependent upon water quality, while the proliferation of bacteria is dependent upon the length of time the preparation is allowed to stand at room temperature.
Investigation on temperature controlling multifunctional selector in superconducting photonic crystals based on Thue–Morse sequence
Authors: Hu Caixing , Guo Sijia , Zhang Haifeng , Ma Yu 
Published: April 2020

In this paper, a novel one-dimensional superconducting photonic crystal exploiting the Thue–Morse arrangement is theoretically investigated by the transfer matrix method. Two transmission states are switched in utilization of ambient temperature in the case of the same structure in the terahertz regime: one is the omnidirectional photonic bandgap (OBG) characteristics in low-temperature zones (about 10 K), and the other is wide-angle broadband absorption characteristics in high-temperature zones (about 90 K). Due to the modulation of temperature-dependent superconducting complex permittivity, the proposed structure can induce the OBG and broadband absorption at different temperatures. From the numerical results, the OBG can be notably tuned by manipulating the structural parameter of high refractive index dielectric. The effects of superconducting thickness on the switchable function regions are also considered. The proposed structure can possess both environment stable zero-

n
¯

OBG at 10 K and preeminent broadband absorption in the TM polarization at 90 K, which offers theoretical guidance to the design of temperature switchable function selectors.
Lavar as mãos contra o Coronavírus: mas, e a Água?
Authors: Nascimento Denise Morado 
Published: April 2020

Nesse momento da expansão da COVID-19, o Ministério da Saúde, em consonância com a Organização Mundial da Saúde, vem fortemente recomendando uma principal medida para reduzir o contágio pelo coronavírus: lavar as mãos. Entretanto, lavar as mãos não é possibilidade para 35 milhões de brasileiros que não tem acesso à água,
Diante desse cenário, espera-se que políticas públicas emergenciais em territórios assim caracterizados sejam conduzidas por governos municipais e estaduais, apoiados por organizações não-governamentais e entidades voluntárias. Parece ser natural, para não dizer óbvio, que se medidas estratégicas relativas ao acesso à água e ao saneamento são tomadas, a capacidade de organização dos serviços nas redes públicas de saúde melhora, sendo urgente efetivar as recomendações feitas pelo Observatório Nacional dos Direitos à Água e ao Saneamento (ONDAS).
Anxiety of Catching the Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) Scale (ACNCS): Validity and reliability study
Authors: Tekkurşun Demir Gönül , Cicioğlu Halil İbrahim , İlhan Ekrem Levent 
Published: April 2020

Quantitative research model was used in the study, which aimed to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to measure the level of anxiety of catching novel coronavirus (Covid-19). A total of 356 athletes participated in the study consisting of two study groups. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to determine the construct validity of the scale. As a result of the EFA, it was seen that ACNCS explained 57.80 of the total variance, the scale items were collected in two factors as individual anxiety and socialization anxiety and that the scale was composed of 16 items. The conformity of the structure determined with EFA to the sample data was tested with CFA and it was determined that the fit indices resulting from EFA confirm the two-factor structure obtained in EFA. In line with the internal consistency analysis and test-retest analysis conducted to test the reliability of ACNCS, it was determined that the scale has a highly reliable and time-stable structure. Within the scope of item analysis, 27% lower-upper group score differences were found to be significant and the total test correlation values of the item varied between .56 and .78. As a result of all these analyses, Anxiety of Catching Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) Scale was found to be a valid and reliable measurement tool. ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Yeni tip koronavirüse (Covid-19) yakalanma kaygısı düzeyini ölçecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracının geliştirilmesinin amaçlandığı araştırmada nicel araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. İki çalışma grubundan oluşan araştırmaya toplam 356 sporcu katılmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliğini saptamak için, açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) ile doğrulayıcı faktör analizinden (DFA) yararlanılmıştır. AFA sonucunda YTKYKÖ’nün toplam varyansın 57,80’ini açıkladığı, ölçek maddelerinin bireysel kaygı ve sosyalleşme kaygısı olmak üzere iki faktörde toplandığı ve ölçeğin 16 maddeden oluştuğu görülmüştür. AFA ile belirlenen yapının örneklem verisine uygunluğu DFA ile test edilmiş ve DFA sonucu ortaya çıkan uyum indekslerinin AFA’da elde edilen iki faktörlü yapıyı doğruladığı saptanmıştır. YTKYKÖ’nün güvenirliğini test etmek amacıyla yapılan iç tutarlılık analizi ve test tekrar test analizi doğrultusunda, ölçeğin yüksek düzeyde güvenilir ve zamana karşı kararlı bir yapıya sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Madde analizleri kapsamında % 27’lik alt-üst grup puan farkları anlamlı bulunmuş ve madde toplam test korelasyon değerlerinin ,56 ile ,78 arasında değiştiği saptanmıştır. Tüm bu analizler sonucunda Yeni Tip Koronavirüse (Covid-19) Yakalanma Kaygısı Ölçeği’nin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
ANALISIS AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN, ANALISIS KANDUNGAN GIZI, UJI ORGANOLEPTIK SNACK BAR SESAME SEED DAN TEPUNG LABU KUNING SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF MAKANAN SELINGAN DENGAN TINGGI ANTIOKSIDAN
Authors: Hastuti Afiyah Ratna , Afifah Diana Nur 
Published: April 2020

Latar Belakang : Penyakit tidak menural termasuk dislipidemia menjadi masalah yang terus mengalami peningkatan. Hiperlipidemia termasuk dislipidemia mengakibatkan peningkatan produksi reaksi oksigen reaktif (ROS) dan mampu mempengaruhi enzim antioksidan pada reaksi anti-oksidatif serta berperan penting pada respon inflamasi. Snak bar sesame seed dan labu kuning mempunyai kandungan makro dan mikro nutrien yang patut dipertimbangkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis proksimat, aktivitas antioksidan, total fenol, dan tingkat penerimaan snack bar sesame seed dan tepung labu kuning.Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan jenis eksperimental rancangan acak lengkap satu faktorial dengan 3 variasi persentase sesame seed (95%, 90%, dan 85%) dan tepung labu kuning (5%, 10%,dan 15%). Analisis statistik kandungan energi, karbohidrat, lemak, protein, serat, dan air menggunakan one way anova 95% dengan uji lanjut tukey dan kandungan total fenol, abu, dan aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan uji kruskal wallis dengan uji lanjut mann whitney, sedangkan tingkat penerimaan menggunakan kruskal wallisHasil : Kandungan energi dan makronutrien (karbohidrat, protein, lemak) tidak terdapat perbedaan terhadap formulasi snack bar sesame seed dan tepung labu kuning (p>0,05). Terdapat perbedaan kandungan serat, air, abu, aktivitas antioksidan, dan total fenol terhadap formulasi snack bar (p<0,05). Tingkat penerimaan dengan parameter warna, aroma, tekstur, dan rasa tidak terdapat perbedaan (p>0,05).Simpulan: Formulasi snack bar terpilih adalah dengan persentasi 85% sesame seed dan 15% tepung labu kuning.
AVALIAÇÃO DA CONCENTRAÇÃO DE SÓLIDOS TOTAIS NA BACIA DO RIO PARAOPEBA APÓS RUPTURA DA BARRAGEM I – BRUMADINHO
Authors: De Andrade Stella Braga , Do Vale Vítor Lages , Maia Saliba Aloysio Portugal , Nascimento Nilo De Oliveira 
Published: April 2020

A ruptura da Barragem I da Mina Córrego do Feijão ocorreu no dia 25/01/2019 e trouxe ao rio Paraopeba grande quantidade de rejeitos que alteraram significativamente a concentração de sólidos totais deste curso d`água. Imediatamente após o colapso dessa estrutura o IGAM, CPRM, COPASA e VALE iniciaram monitoramentos diários de diversos parâmetros de qualidade de água, dentre eles a concentração de sólidos totais (CST). Contudo, a bacia do rio Paraopeba, devido ao seu uso e ocupação, é uma bacia com diversas fontes de sólidos, de forma que se observa na análise dos dados significativas variações da CST entre as estações de monitoramento. Para melhor avaliação da CST analisou-se 60 km do rio Paraopeba, divididos em 6 trechos, no período entre 30/01/2019 a 31/03/2019. Para fins de interpretação da interferência da ruptura da Barragem I na CST da bacia, os dados dos pontos de monitoramento considerados neste estudo foram comparados aos dados da série histórica do primeiro trimestre dos últimos 10 anos, tanto das estações de monitoramento do IGAM ao longo do rio Paraopeba, quanto com as estações localizadas nos principais afluentes. Essa comparação demonstrou que, a 50 km da confluência, a mediana da série é similar a mediana da série histórica da estação posicionada a 1,7 km a jusante. Observou-se ainda que neste ponto os atuais valores máximos observados entre final de fevereiro e final de março de 2019 são inferiores aos valores da série histórica observados para o principal afluente do trecho, o rio Betim.
Orthostatic Hemodynamic Changes in Brain Damage
Authors: Dorogovtsev V. N. , Molchanov I. V. , Yankevich D. S. 
Published: April 2020

Aim: to study orthostatic hemodynamic changes in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness after critical brain damage.Materials and methods. We studied 30 patients (10 women and 20 men) with chronic disorders of consciousness after severe brain damage aged 45±7 years, 10 of which were in the vegetative state (VS) and 20 had the minimally conscious state (MCS). The main causes of brain damage were traumatic brain injury (53% of patients) and cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) (23.3%). The rest of the patients had posthypoxic encephalopathy or were after brain tumor removal surgery. Passive orthostatic test (POT) 0° to 60° to 0° was performed using an electrically driven tilt table (Vario Line). Hemodynamic monitoring during the verticalization was done using a non-invasive oscillometric recording of blood pressure on the brachial artery, stroke volume (SV) and cardiac minute output (CMO) were measured by impedance cardiography with the multifunctional «Task Force Monitor 3010i» (CNSystem, Austria). Data were statistically analyzed using the Statistica 10 software package.Results. Orthostatic hemodynamic stability was found in 26 out of 30 patients with chronic disorders of consciousness after critical brain damage. It was manifested by stable systolic blood pressure (SBP) in tilted orthostatic and horizontal position (120.7±2.2 and 121.1±3.6 mmHg, respectively, P>0.05). Orthostatic hypotension was observed in 3 patients and postural tachycardia syndrome (PTS) in one patient. We compared orthostatic hemodynamic changes in the studied cohort versus published data on orthostatic hemodynamic changes uncluding POT revealed in patients with severe brain damage examined before and after brain death.Conclusion. Orthostatic stability of blood circulation can be maintained for a short period of time in patients surviving after critical diffuse brain damage associated with chronic disorders of consciousness. Critical brain damage resulting in brain death associates with a significant reduction of all hemodynamic parameters and severe orthostatic hypotension with restoration of initial blood pressure values when the patient is returned to the horizontal position.
Brain Infarction in Botulism (Clinical Case)
Authors: Kalinin R. E. , Barinov E. Kh. , Sundukov D. V. 
Published: April 2020

Professional activity of intensivists consistently ranks high among the most «risky» areas of medicine. In 6 out of 89 criminal «iatrogenic» cases initiated by investigative authorities in the Moscow region in 2016–2018 anesthesiological or intensive care in the ICU was the subject of investigation. In 4 of these 6 cases, iatrogenic complications were detected during the forensic examination. Intensivist is considered an attending doctor and therefore holds responsibility for defects in the provision of medical care and its adverse outcome.The purpose of the study is to outline the professional risks in the work of an intensivist and identify ways to reduce them by using a case study with a fatal outcome, which led to criminal proceedings.Materials and methods. We studied and analyzed the criminal case files which included the complaint of the patient’s relatives with the prosecutor’s office, the explanations and interrogation records of the patient’s relatives (4) and healthcare workers (6), the minutes of the Morbidity and Mortality conference, the expert report on patient care quality issued by health insurance company, the final report of sanitary and epidemiological examination, autopsy protocol, emergency call files (3), the inpatient medical records, outpatient records and the final report of Commission of forensic medical examination.Results. Defects in the provision of medical care were not identified. The differential diagnosis was performed correctly. The severity of the patient's condition was due to brain infarction and associated abnormalities. Underdiagnosis of botulism did not affect the outcome of the disease and was not the cause of death of the patient.Conclusion. The reasons for filing a complaint with the Prosecutor's office and initiating a criminal case were organizational shortcomings and ethical and deontological aspects.
In Utero Antidepressants and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Kindergarteners
Authors: Singal Deepa , Chateau Dan , Struck Shannon , Lee Janelle Boram , Dahl Matthew , Derksen Shelly , Katz Laurence Y. , Ruth Chelsea , Hanlon-Dearman Ana , Brownell Marni 
Published: April 2020

OBJECTIVES:
To determine if in utero selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) or selective serotonin norepinephrine inhibitor (SNRI) exposure is associated with developmental vulnerability in kindergarten among children whose mothers were diagnosed with prenatal mood or anxiety disorder.

METHODS:
Linkable administrative data were used to create a population-based cohort of 266 479 mother-child dyads of children born in Manitoba, Canada, between 1996 and 2014, with follow-up through 2015. The sample was restricted to mothers who had a mood or anxiety disorder diagnosis between 90 days before conception (N = 13 818). Exposed women had ≥2 SSRI or SNRI dispensations during pregnancy (n = 2055); unexposed mothers did not have a dispensation of an SSRI or SNRI during pregnancy (n = 10 017). The Early Development Instrument (EDI) was used to assess developmental health in kindergarten children. The EDI is a 104-component kindergarten teacher-administered questionnaire, encompassing 5 developmental domains.

RESULTS:
Of the 3048 children included in the study who met inclusion criteria and had an EDI, 21.43% of children in the exposed group were assessed as vulnerable on 2 or more domains versus 16.16% of children in the unexposed group (adjusted odds ratio = 1.43; 95% confidence interval 1.08–1.90). Children in the exposed group also had a significant risk of being vulnerable in language and/or cognition (adjusted odds ratio = 1.40; 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.90).

CONCLUSIONS:
Exposure to SSRIs or SNRIs during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of developmental vulnerability and an increased risk of deficits in language and/or cognition. Replication of results is necessary before clinical implications can be reached.
Evidence of effective financial crisis management from South Korea: An example for other regions
Authors: Sayaseng Saysi 
Published: April 2020

AbstractEvidence from the global financial crisis (2007–2008) and the Asian financial crisis (1997) have taught policymakers valuable lessons. The contagious effects of these crises have proven unavoidable and have led to negative economic development. However, South Korea, unlike other countries, has recovered remarkably from both episodes of financial turmoil and proved their ability to maintain positive growth throughout the two periods. This study investigates the correlation between the evolution of South Korean banking and corporate sector before, during and after these crises. A VAR model was employed to test the effectiveness of the South Korean government's policies, in response to the financial crisis from 1997 to 2017, using macroeconomic variables as proxies for newly introduced policies, and non-performing loans for controlled risks. The empirical results indicate impulse response functions which suggest that changes in macroeconomic variables as a representation for the policies resulted in a reduction of non-performing loans. This implies successful risk reduction and an overall economic recovery.
The Confucian doctrine of the Mean, the optimality principle, and social harmony
Authors: Suh Jungho 
Published: April 2020

AbstractThe Confucian doctrine of the Mean teaches that too much is as bad as too little. The Aristotelian doctrine of the Mean coincidently articulates that there can be too much or too little of nearly every human passion and action. In neoclassical economics, it is assumed that people tend to take any action at the optimal (not too much and not too little) level to maximise the net happiness from the action. This article argues that the Confucian doctrine of the Mean concurs with the optimality principle, and therefore that the optimality principle is a representation of human nature and can be understood as universal human wisdom. It follows that people can adopt both the Confucian doctrine of the Mean and the optimality principle as worldly common wisdom beyond the blunt dichotomy of spiritual orientalism and materialistic individualism. Too much emphasis on the technical differentials between the two has undermined the common wisdom embedded in them.
Evaluation of the association between dyslipidemia and hypertensive disorder of pregnancy: a nested case control study
Authors: Varghese Sarin , Sam Dibu , Abraham Anuja , Abraham Kavitha , N. Preethi R. 
Published: April 2020

Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are an elusive group of diseases with multifactorial etiopathologies and varied manifestation. Abnormal pre pregnancy lipid profile is shown to have a positive correlation with endothelial dysfunction which in turn leads to development of hypertensive disorder of pregnancy.Methods: A total of 222 pregnant women who were aged between 18-35 years, with no obstetric and medical risk factors and less than 16 weeks of gestation who gave informed written consent were recruited for the study. Their baseline demographics and fasting blood samples were collected, blood samples were centrifuged, and serum was stored at -80-degree celsius. Patients were followed up till delivery and those with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (n=22) was identified, defined as case. Control was selected after matching for body mass index and frozen serum samples were analyzed.Results: Overall incidence of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in the study group was 12.4%. The mean early trimester fasting lipid values were higher in patients who developed hypertensive disorders, difference in mean between cases and controls was TC - 16.25 mg/dl (p-0.061), TGL- 21.45 mg/dl (p-0.143), LDL- 2.4 mg/dl (p-0.82) and for HDL 4.55 mg/dl (p-0.25). However, on stratification of early trimester fasting lipid level based on National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria, Total cholesterol level greater than 160 mg/dl showed an odds ratio of 12.66 (p-0). Patients with early trimester fasting total cholesterol levels greater than 160mg/dl has a higher risk of developing hypertensive disorder in pregnancy.
Solitary splenic metastasis in a case of treated cervical cancer: a case report
Authors: Shankar Shetty Theertha , Panse Mangesh , Goel Arjun 
Published: April 2020

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide and metastasis to the spleen is a rare entity, with only few cases being reported. The present case of a 55-year-old patient diagnosed with a splenic lesion 3 years following completion of chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy for advanced cervical cancer. The patient underwent diagnostic laparoscopy with splenectomy. The histopathological studies confirmed the presence of a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (in a known case of treated cervical cancer). At one-year follow-up after splenectomy, the patient was free of any recurrent disease. Owing to its rarity and scant data available, detailed workup should be done whenever a solitary lesion in the spleen is detected on follow-up since splenectomy is the apt management which is instrumental in preventing further complications and improves the survival rates.
Asociación entre hiperhomocisteinemia y preeclampsia
Authors: Gómez Jiménez Jorge Mario , Zuleta Tobón Jhon Jairo , Campuzano Mayo Germán , Córdoba Gómez Carlos Mario 
Published: April 2020

OBJETIVO: Explorar la asociación entre el nivel sérico posprandial de homocisteína y la preeclampsia y describir las complicaciones en gestaciones menores de 35 semanas.METODOLOGÍA: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en 109 gestantes: grupo I, 55 preeclámpticas (90,9% clasificadas como severas) y grupo II, 54 sin preeclampsia con menos de 35 semanas de edad gestacional, de los hospitales Universitario San Vicente de Paúl y General de Medellín, entre 1º de septiembre de 2000.RESULTADOS: Cuando se compararon las características generales de las pacientes no se encontró diferencia. No se demostró correlación entre los niveles de homocisteína y la edad de la paciente, la edad gestacional, ni con el número de partos previos (rho de Spearmman-0,057, -0,074 y - 0,17 respectivamente).Hubo diferencia entre las medianas de las concentraciones de homocisteinemia: 11,8 micromol/L y 8,8 micromol/L para G I y G II respectivamente (p<de 0,01). Las pacientes con homocisteinemia en el último cuartil (concentración mayor de 11,2 micromol/L por inmunoensayo de fluorescencia polarizada) presentan un riesgo de tener preeclampsia 9,67 veces mayor que las del primer cuartil (concentración menor de 7,1) (<IC95% entre 4,48 y 142,66).El percentil 95 para la homocisteinemia en embarazadas normotensas fue de 13,025 micromol/L. Se estableció este valor como el punto de corte para diagnosticar hiperhomocisteinemia en la gestante. Veinticinco (45.5%) de las gestantes del grupo I y 2 (3.7%) del grupo II fueron clasificadas con hiperhomocisteinemia, razón de disparidad (RD) 21,67 (IC95% entre 4,48 y 142,66).Catorce pacientes del grupo I tuvieron hijos con RCIU. Trece resultaron de madres con hiperhomocisteinemia frente a 12 de las 30 restantes cuyos hijos nacieron con peso adecuado para la edad gestacional (PAEG) (p=0,37). Seis neonatos, hijos de 26 mujeres no hiperhomocisteinémicas del grupo II que terminaron su gestación en los hospitales donde se realizó el estudio, presentaron bajo peso para la edad gestacional.CONCLUSIÓN: Se definió hiperhocisteinemia en la gestante si el nivel sérico posprandial de homocisteína resultó ser igual o mayor de 13,025 micromol/L (por encima del percentil 95 para el grupo II) y se demostró asociación (no causal), con preeclampsia.