bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of damage effect for runway subjected to explosive loading
Authors: Liang B , Nie Y , Zhou J Q , Bai Y S , Qian L X , Feng G P , Yu C X , Lu Y G 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In order to study the blast damage effect of kinetic energy warhead. It is concerned with use the hydro code AUTODYN for the simulation of explosive loading interactions to multilayer runway. A study is presented including an investigation of the effect of blasting depth, layer of runway, boundary of target. Comparisons and analysis are made with crater size, crunch area radius, damage area and the peak pressure. Based on this analysis Based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results, Preliminary rule between explosive effect and influence parameter is obtained. The simulated results have reference value for the design of the penetrator and damage evaluation.
Study on precise detecting and controlling technology of lag angle based on image processing
Authors: Kang Z , Li S , Li X , Xiu D , Guo B 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
A precise method of detecting and controlling of lag angle during the optical fiber winding procedure is described in this paper. The system is composed of three modules, image collection, image processing and PC controller. Images of lag angle are collected by an industrial high-speed camera. Binary treatment on lag angle images of the motive optical fiber is done by global threshold method. Image identification of lag angle of the motive optical fiber is realized by Hough transform, thus the digital values of lag angel are obtained. PC outputs controlled variables to modify the winding motion based on detecting results so as to limit the lag angel in a precise range. The research result indicates that application of image collection and identification technology to optical fiber winding can avoid winding flaw effectively such as gap and lamination thus to improve the quality and efficiency of optical fiber winding.
Object detection and tracking algorithms using brain-inspired model and deep neural networks
Authors: Song Y , Zhao YF , Yang X , Zhou Y , Wang F N , Zhang Z S , Guo Z K 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
As the most effective bio-intelligence system, Human Visual System (HVS) has significant advantages in image processing, which helps to solve the problems in infrared target detection and tracking, such as dim small target, complex background, target occlusion and appearance changes, etc. In this paper, several brain-inspired models (including lateral inhibition, receptive field, synchronous burst, visual attention, and cognitive memory) and Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been studied, and the corresponding algorithms are proposed, which include: an infrared target detection algorithm based on lateral inhibition and singular value decomposition, an infrared target detection algorithm based on receptive field and lateral inhibition, an infrared moving dim target detection algorithm based on ALI-PCNN, an infrared target detection algorithm based on GCF-SB visual attention model, a kernel correlation filtering target tracking algorithm based on multi-channel memory model, and a robust and efficient discriminative-correlation-filter-based tracking approach based on the Response Map Analysis Network. Our experimental results show that the proposed algorithms are beneficial to achieve accurate infrared target detection and robust tracking under complex conditions.
Trilinear Higgs boson coupling variations for di-Higgs production with full NLO QCD predictions in Powheg
Authors: Heinrich G. , Jones S. , Kerner M. , Luisoni G. , Scyboz L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The couplings of the Higgs boson to other particles are increasingly well measured by the ATLAS and CMS experiments. The Higgs boson trilinear self-coupling however is still largely unconstrained, mainly due to the low cross-section for Higgs boson pair production. We present inclusive and differential results for the NLO QCD corrections to Higgs boson pair production with the full top-quark mass dependence, where the Higgs trilinear coupling is varied to non-SM values. The fixed-order calculation is supplemented by parton showering within the Powheg-BOX-V2 event generator, and both Pythia8 and Herwig7 parton-shower algorithms are implemented in a preliminary study of shower effects.
Multi-threaded checksum computation for ATLAS high-performance storage software
Authors: Le Goff Fabrice , Avolio Giuseppe 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
ATLAS is one of the general purpose experiments observing hadron collisions at the LHC at CERN. Its trigger and data acquisition system (TDAQ) is responsible for selecting and transporting interesting physics events from the detector to permanent storage where the data are used for further processing. The transient storage of ATLAS TDAQ is the last component of the online system in the data flow. It records selected events at several GB/s to non-volatile storage before transfer to offline permanent storage. The transient storage is a distributed system consisting of high-performance direct-attached storage servers accounting for 480 hard drives. A distributed multi-threaded C++ application operates the hardware. The transient storage is also responsible for computing a checksum for the data, which is used to ensure data integrity of the transferred data. Reliability and efficiency of this system are critical for the operations of TDAQ as well. This paper presents the existing multi-threading strategy of the software and how the available hardware resources are used. We then introduce how multi-threaded checksum computation was introduced to increase significantly the maximum throughput of the system. We discuss the key concepts of the implementation with a focus on the importance of overhead minimization. Finally the paper reports on the tests done on the production system to demonstrate the validity of the implementation and measurements of the performance improvement in the view of future LHC and ATLAS upgrades.
Migrating large codebases to C++ Modules
Authors: Takahashi Y , Shadura O , Vassilev V 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
ROOT has several features which interact with libraries and require implicit header inclusion. This can be triggered by reading or writing data on disk, or user actions at the prompt. Often, the headers are immutable, and reparsing is redundant. C++ Modules are designed to minimize the reparsing of the same header content by providing an efficient on-disk representation of C++ Code. ROOT has released a C++ Modules-aware technology preview, which intends to become the default for the ROOT 6.20 release.
In this paper, we will summarize our experience with migrating C++ Modules to LHC experiment’s software codebases, particularly for CMS software (CMSSW). We outline the challenges with adopting C++ Modules for CMSSW, including the integration of C++ Modules support in the CMS build system and we will evaluate the CMSSW performance benefits.
HEP Analyses on Dynamically Allocated Opportunistic Computing Resources
Authors: Schnepf M J , von Cube R F , Heidecker C , Fischer M , Giffels M , Kuehn E , Heiss A , Petzold A , Quast G , Sauter M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The current experiments in high energy physics (HEP) have a huge data rate. To convert the measured data, an enormous number of computing resources is needed and will further increase with upgraded and newer experiments. To fulfill the ever-growing demand the allocation of additional, potentially only temporary available non-HEP dedicated resources is important. These so-called opportunistic resources cannot only be used for analyses in general but are also well-suited to cover the typical unpredictable peak demands for computing resources. For both use cases, the temporary availability of the opportunistic resources requires a dynamic allocation, integration, and management, while their heterogeneity requires optimization to maintain high resource utilization by allocating best matching resources. To find the best matching resources which should be allocated is challenging due to the unpredictable submission behavior as well as an ever-changing mixture of workflows with different requirements.
Instead of predicting the best matching resource, we base our decisions on the utilization of resources. For this reason, we are developing the resource manager TARDIS (Transparent Adaptive Resource Dynamic Integration System) which manages and dynamically requests or releases resources. The decision of how many resources TARDIS has to request is implemented in COBalD (COBald - The Opportunistic Balancing Daemon) to ensure further allocation of well-used resources while reducing the amount of insufficiently used ones. TARDIS allocates and manages resources from various resource providers such as HPC centers or commercial and public clouds while ensuring a dynamic allocation and efficient utilization of these heterogeneous opportunistic resources.
Furthermore, TARDIS integrates the allocated opportunistic resources into one overlay batch system which provides a single point of entry for all users. In order to provide the dedicated HEP software environment, we use virtualization and container technologies.
In this contribution, we give an overview of the dynamic integration of opportunistic resources via TARDIS/COBalD in our HEP institute as well as how user analyses benefit from these additional resources.
STAR Data Production Workflow on HPC: Lessons Learned & Best Practices
Authors: Poat M D , Lauret J , Porter J , Balewski J 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC (STAR) is a multi-national supported experiment located at Brookhaven National Lab. The raw physics data captured from the detector is on the order of tens of PBytes per data acquisition campaign, which makes STAR fit well within the definition of a big data science experiment. The production of the data has typically run on standard nodes or on standard Grid computing environments. All embedding simulations (complex workflow mixing real and simulated events) have been run on standard Linux resources at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC) aka PDSF. However, HPC resources such as Cori have become available for STAR’s data production as well as embedding, and STAR has been the very first experiment to show feasibility of running a sustainable data production campaign on this computing resource. The use of Docker containers with Shifter is required to run on HPC @ NERSC – this approach encapsulates the environment in which a standard STAR workflow runs. From the deployment of a tailored Scientific Linux environment (requiring many of its own libraries and special configurations required to run) to the deployment of third-party software and the STAR specific software stack, it has become impractical to rely on a set of containers containing each specific software release. To this extent, solutions based on the CERN VM File System (CVMFS) for the deployment of software and services have been employed in HENP, but one needs to make careful scalability considerations when using a resource like Cori, such as not allowing all software to be deployed in containers or bare node. Additionally, CVMFS clients are not compatible on Cori nodes and one needs to rely on an indirect NFS/DVS mount scheme. In our contribution, we will discuss our strategies from the past and our current solution based on CVMFS. Furthermore, running on HPC is not a simple task as each aspect of the workflow must be enabled to scale, run efficiently, and the workflow needs to fit within the boundaries of the provided queue system (SLURM in this case). Lastly, we will also discuss what we have learned so far about what is the best method for grouping jobs to maximize a single 48 core HPC node within a specific time frame and maximize our workflow efficiency.
The future of HEP software
Authors: Brun René 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Any attempt to predict any future subject includes in general two components: extrapolations of the current trends and discussions about possible surprises. The extrapolation of the trends based on the latest function derivatives seems to be the easiest one. However, one has to be careful with fashionable trends and associated hype peaks. When one looks at the HEP software in the past 40 years, one sees regions of stability, often coinciding with the development and exploitation of a large accelerator, but also big changes when the hardware or/and software technology permits large steps. These large steps are often associated with surprises unthinkable a few years before. These two observations will likely continue to be true for the coming few decades, if not more. This paper is an attempt to analyze the current function derivatives based on similar analysis many years ago, and also propose some directions and developments that may become key components for our future software.
Direct optimization of the discovery significance in machine learning for new physics searches in particle colliders
Authors: Elwood A , Krücker D , Shchedrolosiev M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
We introduce two new loss functions designed to directly optimize the statistical significance of the expected number of signal events when training neural networks and decision trees to classify events as signal or background. The loss functions are designed to directly maximize commonly used estimates of the statistical significance,

s
/

s
+
b

, and the so-called Asimov estimate, Za
. We consider their use in a toy search for Supersymmetric particles with 30 fb−1 of 14 TeV data collected at the LHC. In the case that the search for this model is dominated by systematic uncertainties, it is found that the loss function based on Za
can outperform the binary cross entropy in defining an optimal search region. The same approach is applied to a boosted decision tree by modifying the objective function used in gradient tree boosting.
A fast and parametric digitization for triple-GEM detectors
Authors: Farinelli R. , Alexeev M. , Amoroso A. , Bagnasco S. , Baldini Ferrioli R. , Balossino I. , Bertani M. , Bettoni D. , Bortone A. , Bianchi F. , Calcaterra A. , Cerioni S. , Chai J. , Cheng W. , Chiozzi S. , Cibinetto G. , Cossio F. , Cotta Ramusino A. , Cotto G. , Da Rocha Rolo M. , De Mori F. , Destefanis M. , Evangelisti F. , Fava L. , Felici G. , Gaido L. , Garzia I. , Gatta M. , Giraudo G. , Gramigna S. , Greco M. , Lavezzi L. , Lusso S. , Li H. , Maggiora M. , Malaguti R. , Mangoni A. , Marcello S. , Melchiorri M. , Mezzadri G. , Mignone M. , Pacetti S. , Patteri P. , Passalacqua B. , Rivetti A. , Savrié M. , Sosio S. , Spataro S. , Tskhadadze E. , Yan L. , Wheadon R.J. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Triple-GEM detectors are a well known technology in high energy physics. In order to have a complete understanding of their behavior, in parallel with on beam testing, a Monte Carlo code has to be developed to simulate their response to the passage of particles. The software must take into account all the physical processes involved from the primary ionization up to the signal formation, e.g. the avalanche multiplication and the effect of the diffusion on the electrons. In the case of gas detectors, existing software such as Garfield already perform a very detailed simulation but are CPU time consuming. A description of a reliable but faster simulation is presented here: it uses a parametric description of the variables of interest obtained by suitable preliminary Garfield simulations and tuned to the test beam data. It can reproduce the real values of the charge measured by the strip, needed to reconstruct the position with the Charge Centroid method. In addition, particular attention was put to the simulation of the timing information, which permits to apply also the micro-Time Projection Chamber position reconstruction, for the first time on a triple-GEM. A comparison between simulation and experimental values of some sentinel variables in different conditions of magnetic field, high voltage settings and incident angle will be shown.
A new design and performance optimization of bio-inspired flexible protective equipment
Authors: Zhang Chaohui , Rawat Prashant , Liu Peng , Zhu Deju 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, a new biomimetic design of protective equipment has been proposed. Basically, teleost fish scales combine a two-layered structure, a tough high mineralized bony layer with a relatively soft collagen and fiber-based sublayer arranged in a periodic overlapping design, which offers excellent flexibility and puncture resistance. For the biomimetic design of fish scales, a hard-ceramic layer with an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene based-sublayer is used for the design of protective equipment. Finite element analysis of the bio-inspired protective design and its ballistic performance is done by a commercially available 3D simulation software LS-DYNA. Various design parameters, including the overlapping angle of adjacent scales, frictional coefficient between scales, number of Kevlar layers in the backing layer, ceramic types in the scale are discussed and analyzed to optimize the flexibility aspects of protective equipment. The ballistic performance of newly designed protective equipment with a failure pattern is examined as per the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) standards level III. Results based on experimental outcome and optimized parameters defined the critical performance limit of the protective equipment. Therefore, the results of this research provide valuable information related to ballistic safety equipment for improving the existing designs and/or fabricating innovative protective equipment.
An investigation into the impact of reservoir management Kerala floods 2018: A case study of the Kakki reservoir
Authors: Ryan Ciarán , Trigg Mark A. , Adarsh S 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The coastal state of Kerala, India experienced unprecedented levels of rainfall and flooding in August 2018, resulting in huge life and property loss. Since then the impact reservoir management may have had on the severity of the 2018 Kerala floods has been in question. This study presents a novel approach to developing a reservoir model using HEC-HMS and HEC-ResSim models, combined with satellite remote sensing data. In order to establish a link between flood severity and reservoir management, a model of the Kakki reservoir in southern Kerala was created. Simulations were carried out for six long term, two short term, and two immediate run cases. It was found that all cases except the immediate simulation run resulted in a reduced peak flow. The long simulation run, which altered the guide curve after the heavy rainfall occurring on 14th August 2018, while constraining the outflow, was found to produce the greatest reduction in peak outflow. The significant peak outflow reduction achieved suggests that improved reservoir management could have reduced the severity of the 2018 floods.
Short-term changes in the surface wave characteristics off Kollam coast
Authors: Sumayya P B , Joseph Anitha , Udayakumar J 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Study of wave characteristics off the Kollam coast has been carried out to understand the predominant wave representation during the different seasons of a year. This study becomes important since any developmental activities and coastal issues are confined to the coastal processes of the region. One year continuously measured wave data available with INCOIS is used for the present study. The waves during the monsoon are characterized by higher energy waves and intermediate periods with waves approaching from western directions. The pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons are characterized by lower energy waves and shorter periods with the direction being more southwesterly.
Extraction of paracetamol and amoxicillin from synthetic solution using activated carbon
Authors: Azeem Aaliya , Athira S , Bin Zacharia Mohammed 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
The traces of pharmaceutical products present as emerging contaminants in water bodies needs to be extracted since it causes risk to human health and environment, also as these cannot be removed by conventional water treatment processes. The occurrence and fate of pharmaceutical parameters in water bodies in Indian scenario were studied, from which two pharmaceutical parameters, paracetamol and amoxicillin were selected. This paper primarily focuses on the extraction of paracetamol and amoxicillin from its synthetic sample solutions prepared using Activated carbon as the adsorbent. The analysis is done using UV-vis Spectrophotometry and with solutions of different concentration, pH and adsorbent dosages, removal efficiency is calculated in each case. With the optimized pH and concentration of solution, the optimum dosage of activated carbon is determined by comparing its removal efficiencies.
Numerical analysis on flexural behaviour of GFRP sandwich roof panel with multilayer core material
Authors: Manjusha M , Althaf M 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
In this study, the flexural performance of Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) sandwich roof panel with multilayer polyurethane foam core was investigated using commercial FEM software ANSYS WORKBENCH. The GFRP sandwich panel is composed of thin GFRP face sheets at top and bottom infilled with Polyurethane (PU) foam core of two different densities. GFRP sandwich panels with different stacking sequences of the multilayer core was considered to determine the best sequence in which the different layers of core material can be laid on top of each other. The optimum panel size was obtained from parametric study conducted with number of GFRP plies and thickness of core as parameters. Alternatively, the flexural behaviour of GFRP sandwich panel with three different web core configurations were also studied, which includes trapezoidal shaped GFRP webs infilled with PU foam (Type 1), rhombus shaped GFRP webs infilled with PU foam (Type 2), and wave shaped GFRP webs infilled with PU foam (Type 3). Based on the finite element analysis, GFRP sandwich panel with Type 3 core configuration (wave shaped GFRP webs infilled with PU foam) with lesser deformation represented a feasible model to be used as a roofing panel for small residential buildings and prefabricated modular constructions.
Seismic performance of fire exposed steel welded WUF-W and RBS connections
Authors: Johnson Jisa , Sarif N 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Strength properties of structural steel are reduced when exposed to fire above temperature 600°C. A widely used general rule is that if the steel members in the building frame are reasonably straight with no visible distortion after a fire event, it can be reused. If these members are accepted for reuse with minor or no repairs, then the performance of steel members with a high-temperature fire exposure under a future earthquake event should be known. This study investigated the cyclic response of fire exposed steel Welded Unreinforced Flange Web (WUF-W) and Reduced Beam Section (RBS) welded connections. The results showed that fire exposed steel connections are vulnerable to earthquake loading if they are reused with minor or no repairs. When the performance of connections was compared, it was understood that the usage of RBS connection provides high safety, whereas WUF-W connection has the high moment capacity and energy dissipation capacity.