bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Normalization of the right heart and the preoperative factors that influence the emergence PAH after surgical closure of atrial septal defect
Authors: Supomo Supomo , Widhinugroho Agung , Nugraha Aditya Agam 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Surgical closure of atrial septal defect (ASD) is contraindicated in the condition with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), whereas ASD closure in an effective intervention to normalize the structure and function of the right heart after previously experiencing volume overload due to shunting from the defect. This study aimed to evaluate normalization of the right heart and emergence of PAH after surgical closure of ASD.

Methods
This retrospective study was carried out in 45 patients over 18 years who had undergone surgical closure of ASD. The study has the aim to evaluate the morphological and functional parameters before and after the surgical approach and the preoperative factors that influenced the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAP) after the ASD closure.

Results
The majority of subjects were female (73.3%) although there were no significant differences between males and females from the various parameters. The average of mPAP in the group that experienced PAH was higher than non-PAH group after ASD closure (p = 0.019, 31.23 ± 12.70 mmHg vs 24.07 ± 13.08 mmHg). Significant differences were found in the Right Atrium (RA) dimension, Right Ventricle (RV) dimension, Tricuspid Regurgitation Velocity (TRV) and Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion (TAPSE) between before and at 6 months after ASD closure (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 000, respectively). The sensitivity of the predictive model to estimate PAH at 6 months after surgical closure of ASD was 58%, with a specificity of 62.5%.

Conclusion
Structural and functional normalization of the right heart occurs at 6 months after surgical closure of ASD with the decrease of RA and RV dimensions and improvement from tricuspid regurgitation. Emergence of PAH after ASD closure was influenced by higher mPAP before surgical approach.
Short-term outcomes of modified Y-graft technique in acute type a aortic dissection using the femoral artery bypass and one minute systemic circulatory arrest technique
Authors: Sun Xiangfei , Zhao Qi , Huo Yufeng , Zhou Jinfeng , Zhao Fen , Liu Yimin , Du Yonghai , He Songxiong , Liu Chao , Jiang Detian , Sun Wenyu 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Objective
Aortic arch replacement in acute type A aortic dissection patients remains the most challenging cardiovascular operation. Herein, we described our modified Y-graft technique using the Femoral Artery Bypass (FAB) and the One Minute Systemic Circulatory Arrest (OSCA) technique, and assessed the short-term outcomes of the patients.

Methods
Between February 2015 and November 2017, 51 patients with acute type A aortic dissection underwent aortic arch replacement. Among them, 23 patients underwent FAB while 28 patients underwent both FAB and OSCA. The intraoperative data and postoperative follow-up data were recorded. The follow-up data of patients with traditional Y-graft technique were collected from previously reported studies.

Results
In the FAB group, two patients died due to pulmonary infection (30-day survival rate, 91.3%), and two patients were paralyzed from the waist down. Hemodialysis was performed for five patients (21.7%) before hospital discharge. Fifteen patients (65.2%) received respiratory support for more than 2-days and eight patients (34.8%) for more than 5-days. These follow-up results were comparable or better than the patients with traditional Y-graft technique. Furthermore, compared to the FAB group, the morbidity due to neurological dysfunction and acute renal failure was significantly reduced in the FAB+OSCA group. Moreover, the respiratory support, length of postoperative stay and ICU stay were shortened.

Conclusions
This study clarified the feasibility of FAB and OSCA technique in modifying Y-graft technique. The acute type A aortic dissection patients showed less surgical complications and favorable short-term outcomes after this surgery.
Metabolic active peritoneal sites affect tumor debulking in ovarian and peritoneal cancers
Authors: Tsoi Tung Tung , Chiu Keith W. H. , Chu M. Y. , Ngan Hextan Y. S. , Lee Elaine Y. P. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Rationale and objectives
To evaluate the impact of metabolic parameters in the peritoneal cavity on the likelihood of achieving complete tumor debulking in patients with ovarian and peritoneal cancers.

Materials and methods
Forty-nine patients with ovarian and peritoneal cancers were included, who underwent pre-operative 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT). The immediate surgical outcome was dichotomized into complete and incomplete tumor debulking. 18F-FDG PET/CT was qualitatively and quantitatively assessed by scrutinizing 15 anatomical sites for the presence of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). Patient-based and site-based diagnostic characteristics were described. Metabolic parameters (SUVmax, metabolic tumor volume and total lesion glycolysis) and the number of 18F-FDG avid peritoneal sites were evaluated between the two groups. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off value in predicting incomplete tumor debulking.

Results
Twenty-seven out of the 49 patients had PC and 11 had incomplete debulking. Patient-based and site-based accuracies for detection of PC were 87.8 and 97.6%, respectively. The number of 18F-FDG avid peritoneal sites was significantly different between complete and incomplete debulking groups (0.6 ± 0.8 versus 2.3 ± 1.7 sites respectively, p = 0.001), and the only independent significant risk factor among other metabolic parameters tested (odd ratio = 2.983, 95% CI 1.104–8.062) for incomplete tumor debulking with an optimal cut-off value of ≥4 (AUC = 0.816).

Conclusion
The number of 18F-FDG avid peritoneal sites increased the risk of incomplete tumor debulking after surgery and potentially useful in assisting treatment stratification in patients with ovarian and peritoneal cancers.
The tree that hides the forest: cryptic diversity and phylogenetic relationships in the Palaearctic vector Obsoletus/Scoticus Complex (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) at the European level
Authors: Mignotte Antoine , Garros Claire , Gardès Laetitia , Balenghien Thomas , Duhayon Maxime , Rakotoarivony Ignace , Tabourin Laura , Poujol Léa , Mathieu Bruno , Ibañez-Justicia Adolfo , Deniz Ahmet , Cvetkovikj Aleksandar , Purse Bethan V. , Ramilo David W. , Stougiou Despoina , Werner Doreen , Pudar Dubravka , Petrić Dušan , Veronesi Eva , Jacobs Frans , Kampen Helge , Pereira da Fonseca Isabel , Lucientes Javier , Navarro Javier , de la Puente Josue Martinez , Stefanovska Jovana , Searle Kate R. , Khallaayoune Khalid , Culverwell C. Lorna , Larska Magdalena , Bourquia Maria , Goffredo Maria , Bisia Marina , England Marion , Robin Matthew , Quaglia Michela , Miranda-Chueca Miguel Ángel , Bødker René , Estrada-Peña Rosa , Carpenter Simon , Tchakarova Simona , Boutsini Sofia , Sviland Ståle , Schäfer Stefanie M. , Ozoliņa Zanda , Segliņa Zanda , Vatansever Zati , Huber Karine 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Culicoides obsoletus is an abundant and widely distributed Holarctic biting midge species, involved in the transmission of bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV) to wild and domestic ruminants. Females of this vector species are often reported jointly with two morphologically very close species, C. scoticus and C. montanus, forming the Obsoletus/Scoticus Complex. Recently, cryptic diversity within C. obsoletus was reported in geographically distant sites. Clear delineation of species and characterization of genetic variability is mandatory to revise their taxonomic status and assess the vector role of each taxonomic entity. Our objectives were to characterize and map the cryptic diversity within the Obsoletus/Scoticus Complex.

Methods
Portion of the cox1 mitochondrial gene of 3763 individuals belonging to the Obsoletus/Scoticus Complex was sequenced. Populations from 20 countries along a Palaearctic Mediterranean transect covering Scandinavia to Canary islands (North to South) and Canary islands to Turkey (West to East) were included. Genetic diversity based on cox1 barcoding was supported by 16S rDNA mitochondrial gene sequences and a gene coding for ribosomal 28S rDNA. Species delimitation using a multi-marker methodology was used to revise the current taxonomic scheme of the Obsoletus/Scoticus Complex.

Results
Our analysis showed the existence of three phylogenetic clades (C. obsoletus clade O2, C. obsoletus clade dark and one not yet named and identified) within C. obsoletus. These analyses also revealed two intra-specific clades within C. scoticus and raised questions about the taxonomic status of C. montanus.

Conclusions
To our knowledge, our study provides the first genetic characterization of the Obsoletus/Scoticus Complex on a large geographical scale and allows a revision of the current taxonomic classification for an important group of vector species of livestock viruses in the Palaearctic region.
Funerary colors in Pre-classical Maya culture: the red pigment in the 19th tomb of Rio Azul (Peten, Guatemala)
Authors: Doménech-Carbó María Teresa , Vázquez de Agredos-Pascual María Luisa , Osete-Cortina Laura , Doménech-Carbó Antonio , Guasch-Ferré Nuria , Vidal-Lorenzo Cristina 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
The pigments were important in the funerary customs of the ancient Maya. They could be introduced as an offering inside the tombs or burials, and were also used to wrap the dead bodies, as if it were a funeral shroud. In the tombs and burials of royalty and high social classes the use of pigments for this purpose is well documented, and physicochemical studies are focused on their identification. This scientific contribution shows the results obtained when analyzing two reddish pigmenting materials from the grave goods of the tomb 19 of the archaeological site of Rio Azul, (Guatemalan Department of Petén), using a multi-technique approach including microscopy, diffraction, spectroscopic, electrochemical and chromatographic techniques. The results have enabled the identification of the inorganic and organic materials composing these pigmenting materials found in a ceramic posthumous offering dish and further discussion mainly has been focused on the geological source of the inorganic materials and the possible origin of the organic matter accompanying these two pigmenting materials.
Using a zero-inflated model to assess gene flow risk and coexistence of Brassica napus L. and Brassica rapa L. on a field scale in Taiwan
Authors: Su Yuan-Chih , Wang Po-Shung , Yang Jhih-Ling , Hong Hong , Lin Tzu-Kai , Tu Yuan-Kai , Kuo Bo-Jein 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The cropping area of genetically modified (GM) crops has constantly increased since 1996. However, currently, cultivating GM crops is associated with many concerns. Transgenes are transferred to non-GM crops through pollen-mediated gene flow, which causes environmental problems such as superweeds and introgressive hybridization. Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), which has many GM varieties, is one of the most crucial oil crops in the world. Hybridization between Brassica species occurs spontaneously. B. rapa grows in fields as a weed and is cultivated as a crop for various purposes. Both B. rapa weeds and crops participate in gene flow among rapeseed. Therefore, gene flow risk and the coexistence of these two species should be studied.

Results
In this study, field experiments were conducted at two sites for 4 years to evaluate gene flow risk. In addition, zero-inflated models were used to address the problem of excess zero values and data overdispersion. The difference in the number of cross-pollination (CP) events was nonsignificant between upwind and downwind plots. The CP rate decreased as the distance increased. The average CP rates at distances of 0.35 and 12.95 m were 2.78% and 0.028%, respectively. In our results, zero-inflated negative binomial models were comprehensively superior to zero-inflated Poisson models. The models predicted isolation distances of approximately 1.36 and 0.43 m for the 0.9% and 3% threshold labeling levels, respectively.

Conclusions
Cultivating GM crops is prohibited in Taiwan; however, the study results can provide a reference for the assessment of gene flow risk and the coexistence of these two species in Asian countries establishing policies for GM crops.
Sewing transnational textures of labour regulation: towards an integrative perspective
Authors: Pries Ludger 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLabour regulation is often approached either by methodological nationalism or methodological globalism. Main arguments are that labour and its regulation are increasingly dis-embedded and commodified. As an alternative framing we propose a (neo-)institutionalist multi-level and multi-actors approach. Based on literature review and own studies we argue that there is empirical evidence of transnational labour regulation combining different logics of action and institutional contexts. Taking the example of the Bangladesh Accord on Fire and Building Safety, we demonstrate the multi-level, multi-dimensional institutional settings and sketch out basic elements of an integrative perspective on sewing transnational textures of labour regulation.Key termsLabour regulation, globalization, transnationalization, Bangladesh Accord, neo-institutionalism, multi-level multi-actor approach.
A non-flagellated biocontrol bacterium employs a PilZ-PilB complex to provoke twitching motility associated with its predation behavior
Authors: Lin Long , Zhou Mimi , Shen Danyu , Han Sen , Fulano Alex M. , Chou Shan-Ho , Qian Guoliang 
Published: May 2020

AbstractLysobacter enzymogenesOH11 is a non-flagellated, ubiquitous soil bacterium with broad-spectrum antifungal activities. Although lacking flagella, it employs another type of motile behavior, known as twitching motility that is powered by type IV pilus (T4P) to move towards neighboring crop fungal pathogens to kill them as food. At present, little is known about how this non-flagellated bacterium controls twitching motility that is crucial for its predatory lifestyle. Herein, we present a report on how a non-canonical PilZ domain, PilZLe3639, controls such motility in the non-flagellatedL. enzymogenes; it failed to bind with c-di-GMP but seemed to be required for twitching motility. Using bacterial two-hybrid and pull-down approaches, we identified PilBLe0708, one of the PilZLe3639-binding proteins that are essential for the bacterial twitching motility, could serve as an ATPase to supply energy for T4P extension. Through site-mutagenesis approaches, we identified one essential residue of PilZLe3639that is required for its binding affinity with PilBLe0708and its regulatory function. Besides, two critical residues within the ATPase catalytic domains of PilBLe0708were detected to be essential for regulating twitching behavior but not involved in binding with PilZLe3639. Overall, we illustrated that the PilZ-PilB complex formation is indispensable for twitching motility in a non-flagellated bacterium.
A prospective comparative study of local infiltration versus adductor block versus combined use of the two techniques following knee arthroplasty
Authors: Marya S. K. S. , Arora Deep , Singh Chandeep , Kacker Shitij , Desai Rahul , Lodha Vikas 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
Pain management after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is important as acute postoperative pain can affect patient’s ability to walk and participate in rehabilitation required for good functional outcome. This is achieved by effective intra-operative and post-operative analgesia to facilitate early recovery. Adductor canal block (ACB) and local infiltration analgesia (LIA) are analgesic regimens and commonly used for effective post-operative analgesia after TKA. Our aim was to compare the efficacy and outcomes of these two methods, combined and independently.

Methods
Our study included 120 patients undergoing unilateral TKA, who were randomized into three groups: LIA (Group I), ACB (Group II) and combined LIA + ACB (Group III). Patients were operated by a single surgeon. The outcome was defined by post-operative analgesia achieved by the three techniques (measured by the NPRS) and amount of fentanyl consumed postoperatively. Secondary outcome was evaluated based on postoperative functional outcomes in terms of ability to stand, distance covered, range of motion of knee on the 1st post-operative day, complications and WOMAC (Western Ontario & McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) scores.

Results
All patients were available for analysis. Numerical Pain Rating Scale for pain showed significant differences at 24 h between Group I and Group II, with a p value of 0.018 (GroupI was better), significant differences were found at 24 h between Group III and Group II, with p values being 0.023 and 0.004 (GroupIII was better). No significant differences were found between Group I and Group III at 24 h. Total fentanyl consumption was significantly less in Group III than in Group I and Group II, with p value being 0.042 and 0.005, respectively (Group III was better and consumed less fentanyl). No significant differences were found in WOMAC scores between the three groups at baseline, 2 and 6 weeks after operation.

Conclusion
In patients undergoing TKA, analgesic effect of combined ACB and LIA was superior, as indicated by reduced opioid consumption and no differences in functional outcomes and complications were observed as compared to separate use of the two techniques.
Competition dynamics in Nigerian aviation industry: a game theoretic approach
Authors: Shobande Olatunji Abdul , Akinbomi Mobolaji Daniel 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
This paper develops a game theoretic model that analyses the dynamics of competition among the leading domestic aviation firms in the Nigerian aviation industry. It probes the abilities of the prisoner dilemma to describe the subjective behaviour of the firms, which provide a yardstick for assessing the optimal competitive strategies available to the firm to survive the business environment.

Results
The solution of the game provides different optimal competitive strategies for the firms. While findings show that Aero Contractors placed more weight on flight pricing to survive in the industry, Arik Air needed to retain non-pricing competitive strategy to remain the leading domestic aviation firm in Nigeria.

Conclusion
Based on our findings, we conclude that if both firms stick to the optimal strategy, they would both share the market.
A Design of Experiment (DoE) based approach for development and optimization of nanosuspensions of telmisartan, a BCS class II antihypertensive drug
Authors: Bhargav E. , Chaithanya Barghav G. , Padmanabha Reddy Y. , Pavan kumar Chintamaneni , Ramalingam P. , Haranath C. 
Published: May 2020

Abstract
Background
The present study was aimed to enhance the solubility and dissolution of BCS class II drug, telmisartan (TEM), by nanoformulation approach. Several attempts were made to develop a nanosuspension by bottom-up and top-down techniques. In our study, we found in situ nanoamorphization technique to be incompatible and hence was not selected for further development of nanoformulation. Bottom-up techniques such as anti-solvent precipitation and emulsification solvent evaporation methods failed to reduce the size of the drug to nanoform by HPMC E15 and PVP K-25 at 1500–2000 rpm but resulted in micron-sized particles.

Results
However, the acid-base neutralization method has produced nanosuspension with a particle size of 243.9 nm and 0.119 PDI. Formulation and analytical development were carried out by statistical factorial design using the Design-Expert software (version 11.0). The nanosuspensions remained stable even after 90 days without any aggregations with particle size 338.1 nm and PDI 0.146. Zeta potential of optimized formulation was found to be − 16.2 mV. Drug content and its release were estimated by the developed and validated in-house HPLC method. In vitro drug diffusion studies on the optimized formulation have shown a drug release of 82.6% by the end of 3 h, whereas plain drug suspension has shown only 42.8% release, indicating a 2-fold increase of drug diffusion with nanosuspension. Ex vivo drug permeation studies performed using excised goat gastric mucosa revealed much faster permeation of TEM from nanosuspension than the plain drug suspension.

Conclusions
Hence, from the results, it can be concluded that TEM, when formulated by acid-base neutralization method as a nanosuspension, leads to enhanced solubility, dissolution, and stability.
Integrated Computational Pipeline for Single-Cell Genomic Profiling
Authors: Chorbadjiev Lubomir , Kendall Jude , Alexander Joan , Zhygulin Viacheslav , Song Junyan , Wigler Michael , Krasnitz Alexander 
Published: May 2020

PURPOSE Copy-number profiling of multiple individual cells from sparse sequencing may be used to reveal a detailed picture of genomic heterogeneity and clonal organization in a tissue biopsy specimen. We sought to provide a comprehensive computational pipeline for single-cell genomics, to facilitate adoption of this molecular technology for basic and translational research. MATERIALS AND METHODS The pipeline comprises software tools programmed in Python and in R and depends on Bowtie, HISAT2, Matplotlib, and Qt. It is installed and used with Anaconda. RESULTS Here we describe a complete pipeline for sparse single-cell genomic data, encompassing all steps of single-nucleus DNA copy-number profiling, from raw sequence processing to clonal structure analysis and visualization. For the latter, a specialized graphical user interface termed the single-cell genome viewer (SCGV) is provided. With applications to cancer diagnostics in mind, the SCGV allows for zooming and linkage to the University of California at Santa Cruz Genome Browser from each of the multiple integrated views of single-cell copy-number profiles. The latter can be organized by clonal substructure or by any of the associated metadata such as anatomic location and histologic characterization. CONCLUSION The pipeline is available as open-source software for Linux and OS X. Its modular structure, extensive documentation, and ease of deployment using Anaconda facilitate its adoption by researchers and practitioners of single-cell genomics. With open-source availability and Massachusetts Institute of Technology licensing, it provides a basis for additional development by the cancer bioinformatics community.