bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benang Merah dan Jalan Berbeda: Pendidikan Agama Islam di Indonesia dan Malaysia
Authors: Darmadi Dadi 
Published: April 2020

Azmil Tayeb. 2018. Islamic Education in Indonesia and Malaysia: Shaping Minds, Saving Souls. New York: Routledge.Many studies have been done to compare the similarities and differences of institutional systems in two or more countries, but not all of them succeed in describing in detail what, how and why the things being studied are the same or different. This very interesting book with a broad scope covers this challenge quite convincingly. Namely, there are common threads in the Islamic education system in Indonesia and Malaysia, but some of these factors are the reasons why the two religious education systems then take different paths: (1) the ideological factors that oversee it, (2) the forms of Islamization that create different responses to the state, and (3) the central government’s control of resources that influence central-regional relations. The author successfully presents a complex but vivid nuance of how Indonesia and Malaysia, which are geographically and culturally close, have eventually displayed different faces of Islamic education.
Ocular Injuries in Children After Major Trauma
Authors: Garcia Tracey A. , McGetrick Betty A. , Janik Joseph S. 
Published: April 2020

Objective:
To determine the variety of ocular injuries sustained by children during major trauma.

Subjects and Methods:
The pediatric trauma registry of The Children's Hospital in Denver, Colorado, was surveyed for children with ocular injuries and an Injury Severity Score higher than 15. The injuries were tabulated and correlated with mechanisms of injury to determine identifiable injury patterns.

Results:
In a pediatric trauma center, ocular injuries were nearly twice as frequent among children with major trauma (Injury Severity Score > 15). Two-thirds of the children with an Injury Severity Score higher than 15 had been involved in a mishap with a motorized or a nonmotorized vehicle. Ocular injuries in children with an Injury Severity Score higher than 15 were characterized by fracture of the surrounding bony structures and contusions. Children with an Injury Severity Score higher than 15 had 50% to 80% fewer open wounds of the ocular adnexa and eyeball than did children with an Injury Severity Score of 15 or lower. The one optic nerve injury and two-thirds of the other ocular cranial nerve injuries occurred in children with an Injury Severity Score higher than 15.

Conclusions:
Serious ocular injury should be suspected in children involved in a motor vehicle accident who have an Injury Severity Score higher than 15 and fractures of the surrounding bony structures, contusions, or both. Absence of an open wound of the ocular adnexa or eyeball does not eliminate the possibility of serious ocular injury.

J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
2005;42:349–354.
CHARACTERIZATION AND CORRELATION OF THE NETWORK CHAIN DENSITY TO THE PROPERTIES OF FLUOROELASTOMER RUBBER
Authors: Boyd M. , Therrien I. , Pazur Richard. J. 
Published: April 2020

ABSTRACTThe concentrations of triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) in a peroxide-curable fluoroelastomer terpolymer containing 67 wt% of fluorine were varied to generate compounds of differing crosslink densities. Experimental analysis was undertaken using rheometry, hardness, stress–strain (Mooney–Rivlin), equilibrium solvent swell, and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) using the double quantum (DQ) technique. Increasing the TAIC concentration caused a systematic rise in rheometry elastic torque, hardness, and tensile strength, whereas both elongation at break and swelling levels decreased. These results are concurrent with an enhanced overall level of crosslinking, which was confirmed by the steady increase of the Mooney–Rivlin C1 values. DQ NMR analysis using hydrogen and fluorine probes and subsequent application of fast Tikhonov regularization to the corrected intensity data were particularly useful in discerning the inhomogeneous nature of the compound morphology. The spatial distribution of the crosslink density suggests that the compound consists of small, highly crosslinked/entangled polymerized TAIC domains embedded within the elastic crosslinked matrix. A concentration of 3 phr of TAIC is optimal according to compression set testing.
Location as a Metaphor and the Use of Ironic Doubling in Tirso de Molina’s Los balcones de Madrid
Authors: Turner Robert L. 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
In Tirso de Molina’s Los balcones de Madrid, the urban space itself acts as a character as the author uses a doubling technique to pair location with types of action. The play takes place in three and a half spaces: Public, Semi-Public, Private, and the titular Balcony. Each space serves a specific function that Tirso highlights through a constant doubling that is intended to reinforce meaning. The author argues that the staging of the play is essential to this use of space and Tirso’s doubling effect. Further, Tirso’s extensive use of stage directions indicates that the play was written with the visual aspects of performance in mind as a means to further his message.
Spatiotemporal association patterns in a supergroup of Rwenzori black‐and‐white colobus (Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii) are consistent with a multilevel society
Authors: Miller Alex , Uddin Shahadat , Judge Debra S. , Kaplin Beth A. , Ndayishimiye Dieudonne , Uwingeneye Grace , Grueter Cyril C. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPrimates display broad diversity in their social organization. The social groups of a few primate species are organized in a multilevel fashion, with large groups composed of multiple, core one‐male units (OMUs). A characteristic of multilevel societies is that the higher levels can include hundreds of individuals. The Rwenzori black‐and‐white colobus (Colobus angolensis ruwenzorii) in the montane forests of Rwanda form supergroups and have been suspected to exhibit multilevel social organization. Here we present the first data on the “anatomy” of a supergroup numbering 500+ individuals. We identified subgroups within the supergroup based on progression data, extracting the social network structure from the time‐stamped spatiotemporal distribution of passing individuals identified to age–sex class, and selecting an optimal time window for each network using the two‐step approach developed by Uddin, Choudhury, Farhad, and Rahman (2017). We detail the existence of core units—multi‐male units (MMUs) with a mean of 1.7 adult males and 3.1 adult females, as well as OMUs, all‐female units and bachelor units composed of adult and sub‐adult males. More than two‐thirds of units are MMUs. These grouping patterns conform to a multilevel society with predominantly multi‐male core units, a social system that has recently also been described for a population of the same taxon in Uganda. Individual identification will be required to corroborate these interpretations.
Does corporate social responsibility reporting actually destroy firm reputation?
Authors: Miras‐Rodríguez María del Mar , Bravo‐Urquiza Francisco , Escobar‐Pérez Bernabé 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPrevious research on the effects on corporate social responsibility (CSR) is inconclusive and academics have increasingly discussed the credibility of CSR reporting. Our research analyses the influence of CSR reporting on corporate reputation by considering different scenarios based on companies' CSR consistency, which reflects the coherence between their CSR reporting and CSR commitment. Theoretically, CSR reporting initiatives could be perceived by stakeholders as a substantive or symbolic strategy. Our findings highlight that corporate reputation tends to be negatively affected by CSR reporting, which is generally identified by stakeholders as an impression management strategy (particularly gaining an ‘in accordance’ Global Reporting Initiative level and assurance), although the relationship between CSR reporting and corporate reputation depends on the CSR consistency of a firm. This evidence has direct implications for academics to refine theoretical frameworks as well as for companies and regulators to better understand the effects of CSR reporting.
Anthropogenic flow intermittency shapes food‐web topology and community delineation in Mediterranean rivers
Authors: Peralta‐Maraver Ignacio , López‐Rodríguez Manuel Jesús , Robertson Anne L. , Tierno de Figueroa José Manuel 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAnthropogenic flow intermittency is considered a severe disturbance for benthic macroinvertebrates with largely unknown impacts on the organization of benthic communities and their food webs. We analysed the community composition (as taxonomic composition and relative abundance of taxa) and food webs of the macroinvertebrates inhabiting the pools and riffles of two Mediterranean streams with contrasting perennial and anthropogenic intermittent flow regimes. Our analyses comprised monthly measurements in two pools and two riffles of the community composition, food‐web topology (the pattern in which specific links are arranged within the network) and food‐web complexity indexes (the number of nodes and links regardless of their identity or arrangement) over 1 year. The food webs revealed a significant annual variation in size, complexity, and diversity within pools and under perennial flow (e.g., number of nodes, number of links, link density). Multivariate analysis showed strong differences in the composition and relative abundance of taxa and food‐web topology of assemblages inhabiting pools and riffles. However, differences between communities inhabiting pools and riffles varied during the year; periods of great similarity were followed by periods in which communities were very different. This annual sequence of differences between pools and riffles was compressed under the anthropogenic flow intermittency regime. The anthropogenic intermittent flow studied here might represent a moderate stressor for Mediterranean communities well‐adapted to dry conditions. Still, the reported deviation of the community composition and food‐web topology from the reference status reflect the detrimental effect of this stressor on the benthic community.
From Microaggressions to Neural Aggressions: A Neuro‐Informed Counseling Perspective
Authors: Luke Chad , Redekop Frederick , Moralejo Jennifer 
Published: April 2020

Microaggressions are explicit and implicit forms of bias committed by many well‐meaning and otherwise moral individuals, including counselors. This paradox has been explained in terms of socialized, systemic oppression of marginalized groups by those in power. In this article, the authors seek to extend this understanding by exploring the neurobiological dynamics underlying these systems. This understanding can aid counselors in increasing their multicultural counseling competence, spare clients from further injury, and model this prosocial orientation for clients and the community.Las microagresiones son formas de prejuicio tanto explícitas como implícitas cometidas por muchas personas con buenas intenciones y normalmente éticas, incluyendo consejeros. La explicación a esta paradoja se ha dado en términos de opresión sistémica y socializada de grupos marginados por parte de las personas que ostentan el poder. En este artículo, los autores buscaron la forma de expandir esta comprensión explorando la dinámica neurobiológica subyacente en estos sistemas. Dicha comprensión puede ayudar a los consejeros a aumentar su competencia en consejería multicultural, evitar mayores daños a sus clientes y modelar esta orientación prosocial para sus clientes y la comunidad en general.
Relevance of reviewing endpoint analysis for negative results on the Xpert Xpress Flu/RSV
Authors: Matic Nancy , Ritchie Gordon , Lawson Tanya , Karakas Loretta , Romney Marc G. , Lowe Christopher F. 
Published: April 2020

AbstractAfter the implementation of the Xpert Xpress Flu/respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) assay for rapid respiratory molecular testing, we investigated the significance of reported endpoint values for influenza A, influenza B, and RSV). This study prospectively analyzed nasopharyngeal swabs submitted to our virology laboratory in the 2018/19 influenza season. Initial testing was performed on the Xpress Flu/RSV assay. Samples were further tested on a laboratory‐developed multiplex polymerase chain reaction (laboratory‐developed multiplex respiratory test [LDT]) if the sample was reported as negative by the Xpress Flu/RSV but had an elevated endpoint value ≥5 for any respiratory virus target. There were 1040 negative results on the Xpress Flu/RSV; thirty‐one had at least one endpoint value ≥5 [influenza A (25), influenza B (1), RSV (2), influenza A/RSV (1), and influenza A/B/RSV (2)]. Five samples (5/31, 16.1%) were positive on the LDT for influenza A or RSV. In contrast, the positivity rate on the LDT for negative Xpress Flu/RSV samples with endpoint values less than 5 was 0.35% (P < .0001). A threshold for endpoint values could not reliably be established to differentiate a potential influenza A positive result from a negative result on the LDT. Routine evaluation ofendpoint values should be a consideration for laboratories implementing Xpress Flu/RSV, in addition to supplementary respiratory virus testing for clinically relevant situations.
Skin wipe test: A simple, inexpensive, and fast approach in the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis
Authors: Ďurč Pavol , Foret František , Homola Lukáš , Malá Miriam , Pokojová Eva , Vinohradská Hana , Dastych Milan , Krausová Dagmar , Nagy Dóra , Bede Olga , Dřevínek Pavel , Skalická Veronika , Kubáň Petr 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the performance of a newly developed skin wipe test (SWT) for the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF).Study DesignSpontaneously formed sweat from the forearm was wiped by a cotton swab moistened with 100 µL of deionized (DI) water and extracted into 400 µL of DI water (SWT). The conventional Macroduct sweat test (ST) was performed simultaneously. SWT samples of 114 CF patients, 76 healthy carriers, and 58 controls were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis with contactless conductivity detection and Cl−/K+ and (Cl− + Na+)/K+ ion ratios were evaluated. Chloride concentrations from Macroduct ST were analyzed coulometrically.ResultsAnalysis of 248 SWT samples and simultaneous Macroduct ST samples showed comparable method performance. Two ion ratios, Cl−/K+ and (Cl− + Na+)/K+, from the SWT samples and Cl− values from the ST samples were evaluated to diagnose CF. Sensitivity of the SWT method using the Cl−/K+ ratio (cutoff value 3.9) was 93.9%, compared to 99.1% when using the (Cl− + Na+)/K+ ratio (cutoff value 5.0) and 98.3% in using Macroduct Cl− (cutoff value higher or equal to 60 mmol/L). The methods' specificities were 97.8%, 94.0%, and 100.0%, respectively.ConclusionsThe developed SWT method with capillary electrophoretic analysis for CF diagnosis performs comparably to the conventional Macroduct ST. The SWT method is simple, fast, inexpensive, and completely noninvasive. Use of an ion ratio in obtained SWT samples is proposed as a new diagnostic parameter that shows significant promise in CF diagnostics.
The embodied teaching of complex verbal constructions with German placement verbs and spatial prepositions
Authors: Knop Sabine De 
Published: April 2020

AbstractIn recent years, foreign language pedagogy has recognized the need to focus (i) on larger meaningful sequences of words (Nattinger & DeCarrico, 1992;Wray, 2002;Ellis & Cadierno, 2009;Gonzalez Rey, 2013) and (ii) further on communicative goals (Nunan, 1991;Widdowson, 1992;Savignon, 2000). Difficulties in the learning process of a foreign language result from the conceptual and constructional differences between expressions in the native and foreign language. Teaching materials often propose a lexical approach with an unstructured set of constructed examples.With the postulate of meaningful schematic templates, Construction Grammar (CxG) has a number of assets for foreign language teaching (FLT) and learning (FLL), it allows among others to establish a structured inventory of abstract constructions with prototypical exemplars and inheritance links between the constructions’ instantiations. To be proficient in a foreign language also means to use new words in constructions. Learners can be asked to extend the use of new lexical units as slot-fillers into constructional patterns. This is exemplified with the use of German posture and placement verbs in the caused motion construction and the corresponding intransitive locative construction.But having learned a vast number of constructional templates of a language does not automatically imply that learners can produce L2-constructions and their instantiations in a creative way. Therefore, CxG must be enriched with further insights from Cognitive Linguistics which claims that conceptual categories and their linguistic expressions are the result of embodied processes (Lakoff, 1987). This chapter makes some suggestions for interactive activities which can foster ‘embodied teaching and learning’.
Gillnet fishers’ knowledge reveals seasonality in depth and habitat use of cod (Gadus morhua) in the Western Baltic Sea
Authors: Funk Steffen , Krumme Uwe , Temming Axel , Möllmann Christian 
Published: April 2020

AbstractPractical and applied knowledge of local fishers can help to improve our understanding of target species ecology and fisheries management decisions. In the Western Baltic Sea (WBS), the spatio-temporal distribution of cod is still largely unknown despite decades of research. We studied changes in cod distribution by obtaining information on temporal depth and habitat use of cod from commercial gillnet fishers using semi-directed interviews supplemented by at-sea observer data. Linear and non-linear regression analyses revealed significant relationships between depth use of cod and sea surface temperature (SST) as well as thermal stratification. Moreover, habitat use was related to SST and residence depth of cod. Areas deeper than 15 m were favoured from late December until March during low SST and a mixed water column (spawning) and also from July until August during high SST and strong thermal stratification (summer aestivation). Shallower areas were favoured during the rest of the year. The depth and habitat use displayed distinct seasonal up- and downslope movements of cod. This study highlights the importance of shallow-water and structured habitats for cod in the WBS and the value of local knowledge held by fishers for a better understanding of the distributional dynamics of important marine resource populations.
Managing Food Crises: Urban Relief Stocks in Pre-Industrial Holland*
Authors: Dijkman Jessica 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
One of the ways in which towns and cities in pre-industrial Europe responded to food crises was by establishing public grain stocks, intended for relief. This article shows how purchases and distribution of grain in Holland were affected by the long-term developments of commercialization and state formation. Two conclusions stand out. Firstly, both the acquisition of supplies and the distribution of relief relied heavily on the market. However, while market mechanisms were originally used to provide targeted relief through subsidies, at the end of the period under examination this was supplanted by a — largely unjustified — trust in the effects of the presence and release of stocks on food prices in general. Secondly, in keeping with a long-standing tradition of decentralized governance, urban governments and urban poor relief organizations were the main providers of the safety net that protected the food entitlements of vulnerable groups throughout the period under examination, even after the establishment of a centralized unitary state in the early nineteenth century.
A Study of Economic, Cultural, and Political Causes of Police Corruption in Pakistan
Authors: Malik Nadeem , Qureshi Tariq Abbas 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
There is a dearth of studies on police corruption that have analysed the correlation of economic, cultural, and political causes of police corruption in Pakistan; therefore, the existing studies fail to provide such a holistic picture of the phenomenon. This article aims to fill the gap. It is claimed that police corruption in Pakistan is a politicized, institutionalized, and a legitimized phenomenon. The police force entrenched in a kinship-based patron–client social and political culture benefits the political elite to use the police force for controlling the electorate and political opponents. The policy reforms for curbing police corruption have failed and cannot be successful without a strong political will of the political elite. This is a qualitative study using a purposive sampling method. The article will be a useful reference for readers, including police officials who are interested in understanding why corruption could not be effectively prevented and may have some broader relevance to other South Asian countries.
Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment
Authors: Pecora Valentina , Valluzzi Rocco , Dahdah Lamia , Fierro Vincenzo , Mennini Maurizio , Fiocchi Alessandro 
Published: April 2020

Purpose of review
In the last years, the interest of the scientific community toward food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) has grown exponentially. We review here the peculiar characteristics of this syndrome.

Recent findings
The recent publication of the First International Consensus Guidelines allowed a positive interaction between different research groups with the aim of improving the diagnosis and management of patients affected by FPIES.

Summary
Several fixed points have been placed on the diagnosis and management, but further studies are needed to clarify the many shadows that still surround different aspects of the syndrome, especially regarding the pathophysiology.