bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Site characterisation in Barreiro urban area (Portugal) using H/V and ReMi techniques
Authors: Vicêncio Henrique , Teves‐Costa Paula , Sá Caetano Paulo 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTBarreiro is an urban county located in the Lisbon metropolitan area (Portugal) with several hazardous industrial facilities. This area shows a moderate seismicity, but due to its geotectonic location, it has been subject in the past to earthquakes responsible for high social and economic losses. Earthquakes that occurred in 1531 (Mw ≈ 6.6), 1755 (M ≥ 8) and 1909 (Mw ≈ 6) are examples of destructive events that hit Barreiro. In this study, we present an analysis of ambient vibration measurements together with local geology and geotechnical properties of the shallower units. Horizontal‐to‐vertical spectral ratio (H/V) computed from ambient vibrations, shear wave velocity profiles, and value distributions were compared with the geological and geotechnical properties of the shallower units, looking for potential site effects.Geotechnical characterisation was based on the analysis of 289 logs and 1109 Standard Penetration Tests. A total of 214 refraction microtremor measurements were performed, obtaining profiles and values for 34 different sites. The results from ambient vibration records carried out at 136 sites (Vicêncio, Teves‐Costa and Sá Caetano ) were also used. Spatial distributions of profiles, values, the thickness of the shallow formations, the number of blows from Standard Penetration Tests (NSPT values), and H/V peak frequencies are presented and discussed. Correlations between these parameters were established. Three areas prone to seismic amplification, for frequencies between 2.5 Hz to 8 Hz, were identified. Ground classification was performed according to Eurocode 8 using the estimated values. The results will be made available to the Barreiro municipality for support of land and emergency planning.
Underwater ERT surveying in water with resistivity layering with example of application to site investigation for a rock tunnel in central Stockholm
Authors: Dahlin Torleif , Heng Loke Meng 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTWe present an approach to underwater electrical resistivity tomography surveying under conditions with several water layers with different resistivity in the water above the electrode layout. The approach is verified against a synthetic model example and tested in full scale on data from a field survey. The field survey was carried out in central Stockholm as part of pre‐investigations for a new metro train (T‐bana) tunnel planned to pass under seawater. The water passage is associated with major tectonic zones that can potentially be very difficult from a tunnel construction point of view. The aim was to identify variations in depth of the bottom sediments and variations in rock quality including the possible presence of weak zones in the rock. Survey conditions are complicated by boat traffic and electrical disturbances from the power grid and train traffic. The water depth was mapped using sonar combined with recording pressure transducers, and water resistivity as a function of water depth was recorded using geophysical borehole logging equipment. Water resistivity as a function of depth was integrated in the inversion model. The results show that the rather difficult survey conditions could be handled in a satisfactory way thanks to adequate equipment, careful planning, and attention to details. The measured data contain information that is relevant for creating coherent models of the variation in depth to rock, which corresponds well with data from drilling. The results also indicate that information in variation in rock quality that can be of critical importance for planning of underground construction can be derived from the data.
Seismic interferometry facilitating the imaging of shallow shear‐wave reflections hidden beneath surface waves
Authors: Liu Jianhuan , Draganov Deyan , Ghose Ranajit 
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACTHigh‐resolution reflection seismics is a powerful tool that can provide the required resolution for subsurface imaging and monitoring in urban settings. Shallow seismic reflection data acquired in soil‐covered sites are often contaminated by source‐coherent surface waves and other linear moveout noises (LMON) that might be caused by, e.g., anthropogenic sources or harmonic distortion in vibroseis data. In the case of shear‐wave seismic reflection data, such noises are particularly problematic as they overlap the useful shallow reflections. We have developed new schemes for suppressing such surface‐wave noise and LMON while still preserving shallow reflections, which are of great interest to high‐resolution near‐surface imaging. We do this by making use of two techniques. First, we make use of seismic interferometry to retrieve predominantly source‐coherent surface waves and LMON. We then adaptively subtract these dominant source‐coherent surface waves and LMON from the seismic data in a separate step. We illustrate our proposed method using synthetic and field data. We compare results from our method with results from frequency–wave‐number (f‐k) filtering. Using synthetic data, we show that our schemes are robust in separating shallow reflections from source‐coherent surface waves and LMON even when they share very similar velocity and frequency contents, whereas f‐k filtering might cause undesirable artefacts. Using a field shear‐wave reflection dataset characterised by overwhelming LMON, we show that the reflectors at a very shallow depth can be imaged because of significant suppression of the LMON due to the application of the scheme that we have developed.
Effect of Group Counseling Plus Tailored Exercise on Mobility Function in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Sessford James D. , Locke Sean R. , Cary Miranda A. , Flora Parminder K. , Knox Katherine , Brawley Lawrence R. 
Published: March 2020

Abstract

Background:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) impairs muscular function and limits individuals’ ability to perform everyday activities requiring mobility. People with MS frequently exhibit mobility problems (ie, slower walking speed, shorter strides). General exercise training (eg, resistance, aerobic) provides modest physiological and walking mobility benefits. However, researchers suggest tailoring of interventions to address mobility specifically. We conducted a phase 2a pre-post intervention development study (Obesity-Related Behavioral Intervention Trials [ORBIT] intervention development model) of mobility exercise plus cognitive behavioral counseling to improve function and social cognitions known to encourage exercise.

Methods:
The intervention was conducted twice per week for 8 weeks followed by 1 month of self-managed mobility exercise. Participants (N = 29; mean ± SD age = 52.24 ± 11.36 years, mean time since MS diagnosis ≥11 years) were assessed at baseline and after follow-up for mobility function, social cognitions, and intervention fidelity indicators.

Results:
Results indicated significant improvements in a variety of valid measures of mobility function (eg, 400-m walk), self-regulatory efficacy for mobility exercise and symptom control, and fidelity measures with small to medium effect sizes.

Conclusions:
Positive findings suggest that the intervention seems to merit testing as a randomized pilot study following the ORBIT model.
Moderating the bullying perpetration–delinquency relationship with parental support and knowledge: A prospective analysis of middle school students
Authors: Walters Glenn D. , Kremser Jon , Runell Lindsey 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to ascertain whether parental support and knowledge moderate the relationship between bullying perpetration and delinquency. A sample of 305 middle school students (141 boys, 164 girls; 10–12 years of age) served as participants in this study. The research hypothesis predicted that parental support and knowledge would moderate the prospective bullying–delinquency relationship. Testing this hypothesis with least squares regression parametric coefficients and percentile bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals, parental support received full support and parental knowledge no support as factors potentially capable of reducing risk for future delinquency by interacting with prior bullying perpetration. Whereas parental support decreased the odds of high bullying boys engaging in future delinquency—an outcome consistent with the view that parenting can serve a protective function against future offending by neutralizing the risk effect of bullying—parental knowledge failed to reduce future delinquency in children who bullied, although it did have a direct ameliorative effect on future delinquency. The protective effect was strongest when parental support was high and parental knowledge low, whereas the risk effect was strongest when parental support was low and parental knowledge was medium to high. These results suggest that protective and risk effects are limited to certain combinations of protective and risk factors.
Empowering Design: Gehry Partners, Gehry Technologies and Architect‐Led Industry Change
Authors: Gehry Frank , Lloyd Meaghan , Shelden Dennis 
Published: March 2020

AbstractSince the early 1990s, Gehry Partners has pioneered the development of digital design. The firm's approach to digitally enhanced architecture necessitated the creation of Gehry Technologies. Here, Frank Gehry, with former Gehry Technologies chief executive officer Meaghan Lloyd and chief technology officer Dennis Shelden, describe the motivations, history and implications of these efforts for practice and for the profession.
Disrupting from the Inside: UK Archipreneurs
Authors: Castle Helen 
Published: March 2020

AbstractNo longer restricted to designing buildings, architectural practices are seizing the opportunity to diversify. They are redefining the architect's role by embracing a wide variety of relationships up and down the design and construction procurement chain, utilising new technologies for digital fabrication, development economics and building performance analysis, as well as advising clients on their business models. RIBA Publishing Director Helen Castle, former Editor of 2, describes how this shift is panning out in the UK.
Tuning Memristivity by Varying the Oxygen Content in a Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductor
Authors: Maas Klaasjan , Villepreux Edouard , Cooper David , Salas‐Colera Eduardo , Rubio‐Zuazo Juan , Castro German R. , Renault Olivier , Jimenez Carmen , Roussel Hervé , Mescot Xavier , Rafhay Quentin , Boudard Michel , Burriel Mónica 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThe rising interest shown for adaptable electronics and brain‐inspired neuromorphic hardware increases the need for new device architectures and functional materials to build such devices. The rational design of these memory components also benefits the comprehension and thus the control over the microscopic mechanisms at the origin of memristivity. In oxide‐based valence‐change memories, the control of the oxygen drift and diffusion kinetics is a key aspect in obtaining the gradual analog‐type change in resistance required for artificial synapse applications. However, only a few devices are designed with this in mind, as they are commonly built around ionic insulating active materials. This shortcoming is addressed by using a mixed ionic–electronic conductor as functional memristive material. This work demonstrates how the oxygen content in La2NiO4+δ (L2NO4), tuned through post‐annealing treatments, has a critical influence on the memory characteristics of L2NO4‐based memristive devices. The presence of interstitial oxygen point defects in L2NO4 affects both its structure and electrical properties. High oxygen stoichiometry in the pristine state leads to an increased electrical conductivity, ultimately resulting in an improved memory window with highly multilevel, analog‐type memory programing capabilities, desirable for analog computing and synaptic applications in particular.
Sub‐Millimeter‐Scale Monolayer p‐Type H‐Phase VS2
Authors: Su Jianwei , Wang Mingshan , Li Yuan , Wang Fakun , Chen Qiao , Luo Peng , Han Junbo , Wang Shun , Li Huiqiao , Zhai Tianyou 
Published: March 2020

Abstract2D H‐phase vanadium disulfide (VS2) is expected to exhibit tunable semiconductor properties as compared with its metallic T‐phase structure, and thus is of promise for future electronic applications. However, to date such 2D H‐phase VS2 nanostructures have not been realized in experiment likely due to the polymorphs of vanadium sulfides and thermodynamic instability of H‐phase VS2. Preparation of H‐phase VS2 monolayer with lateral size up to 250 µm, as a new member in the 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) family, is reported. A unique growth environment is built by introducing the molten salt‐mediated precursor system as well as the epitaxial mica growth platform, which successfully overcomes the aforementioned growth challenges and enables the evolution of 2D H‐phase structure of VS2. The honeycomb‐like structure of H‐phase VS2 with broken inversion symmetry is confirmed by spherical aberration‐corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and second harmonic generation characterization. The phase structure is found to be ultra‐stable up to 500 K. The field‐effect device study further demonstrates the p‐type semiconducting nature of the 2D H‐phase VS2. The study introduces a new phase‐stable 2D TMDs materials with potential features for future electronic devices.
Cu‐Catalyzed Radical Selenylation of Olefin: A Direct Access to Vinyl Selenides
Authors: Yang Ye‐Fei , Li Chen‐Yuan , Leng Tao , Huang Xiao‐Bo , Gao Wen‐Xia , Zhou Yun‐Bing , Liu Miao‐Chang , Wu Hua‐Yue 
Published: March 2020

AbstractA method for the synthesis of vinyl selenides via Cu‐catalyzed three‐component reactions of arylboronic acids, Se powder and diarylethylenes has been developed. The reaction proceeds via addition of in situ generated selenium‐centered radical to carbon‐carbon double bond. This method highlights the use of easily accessible Se powder as selenium source in the construction of vinyl selenides for the first time.magnified image
From Defects to Degradation: A Mechanistic Understanding of Degradation in Perovskite Solar Cell Devices and Modules
Authors: Dunfield Sean P. , Bliss Lyle , Zhang Fei , Luther Joseph M. , Zhu Kai , van Hest Maikel F. A. M. , Reese Matthew O. , Berry Joseph J. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractMetal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have risen in efficiency from just 3.81% in 2009 to over 25.2% today. While metal halide perovskites have excelled in efficiency, advances in stability are significantly more complex and have progressed more slowly. The advance of efficiency, which is readily measured, over stability, which can require literally thousands of hours to demonstrate, is to be expected given the rapid rate of innovation in the field. In the face of changing absorber composition, synthetic approaches, and device stack components it is necessary to understand basic material properties to rationalize how to enable stability in devices. In this article the aim is to present an in‐depth review of the current understanding of metal halide perovskite devices and module stability by focusing on what is known retarding intrinsic and extrinsic degradation mechanisms at the material, device, and module level. Once these considerations are presented the discussion then moves to connecting different degradation mechanisms to stresses anticipated in operation and how they can impact efficiency of cells and ultimately modules over time.
Food safety measures and food security of smallholder dairy farmers: Empirical evidence from Bihar, India
Authors: Kumar Anjani , Mishra Ashok K. , Saroj Sunil , Sonkar Vinay K. , Thapa Ganesh , Joshi Pramod K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractUsing farm‐level data from dairy farmers in India's Bihar state and the two‐stage residual inclusion method, this study investigates the impact of the adoption of food safety measures (FSMs) on milk yield and profitability of smallholder dairy farms. This study reveals that herd size and experience in dairy farming have a significant effect on the number of FSMs smallholders adopt. An additional FSM increases milk yield by about 1% and profitability by about 2.3%. An extra year of education increases yield and profits by about 3.8% and 4.9%, respectively. The government could design and incentivize policies that help increase herd size and promote better housing conditions for animals, thus promoting the uptake of FSMs and increased milk yield and profitability. [EconLit Citations: Q12, Q16, Q18].
Distributionally robust chance constrained programming with generative adversarial networks (GANs)
Authors: Zhao Shipu , You Fengqi 
Published: March 2020

AbstractThis paper presents a novel deep learning based data‐driven optimization method. A novel generative adversarial network (GAN) based data‐driven distributionally robust chance constrained programming framework is proposed. GAN is applied to fully extract distributional information from historical data in a nonparametric and unsupervised way without a priori approximation or assumption. Since GAN utilizes deep neural networks, complicated data distributions and modes can be learned, and it can model uncertainty efficiently and accurately. Distributionally robust chance constrained programming takes into consideration ambiguous probability distributions of uncertain parameters. To tackle the computational challenges, sample average approximation method is adopted, and the required data samples are generated by GAN in an end‐to‐end way through the differentiable networks. The proposed framework is then applied to supply chain optimization under demand uncertainty. The applicability of the proposed approach is illustrated through a county‐level case study of a spatially explicit biofuel supply chain in Illinois.
Aortoenteric fistula: Case series from a tertiary center in Taiwan
Authors: Chiu Yu‐Tse , Chao Ko‐Han , Tung Chien‐Chih 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAortoenteric fistula, a rare and catastrophic medical condition usually relevant to previous aortic surgery and other rare causes, is a disease that needs a multidisciplinary team including gastroenterologist, radiologist, and cardiovascular surgeon to deal with. Computed tomography with/without angiography is the choice of image study for diagnosis. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy also plays an important role in diagnosis. Exploratory laparotomy is usually mandatory because of difficulties in diagnosis and emergent condition. Aortic repair is the definite treatment and it could be done via open or endovascular surgery. From 2005 to 2017, total six patients who had the diagnosis of aortoenteric fistula (AEF) were collected from a tertiary center in Taiwan. Demographic data, diagnostic approach, treatment, and prognosis were all recorded. Among the six patients, the clinical presentations were gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) (100%), abdominal pain (50%), and unstable hemodynamics (50%). Computed tomography angiography showed clues for AEF in four out of five patients. Four patients had definite diagnosis after open surgery. The survival time from initial presentation ranges from few hours to 29 months (median: 4.5 months). The most common manifestation of AEF is GIB. Due to its high mortality rate and difficult diagnosis, we should remind us of this rare disease for early diagnose and timely treatment.
Diagnostic workup of acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage
Authors: Patel Sanjay S. , Weinberg Olga K. 
Published: March 2020

AbstractAcute leukemias of ambiguous lineage (ALAL) comprise acute undifferentiated leukemias (AUL) and mixed‐phenotype acute leukemias (MPAL). In the revised fourth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification provided further refinements to the diagnostic criteria for ALAL. Molecular characterization of MPALs using comprehensive next‐generation sequencing (NGS) has provided insights into their underlying biology and enabled a deeper understanding of ALAL classification. This review addresses the various components of pathologic assessment to establish a diagnosis of ALAL, and to further subclassify individual cases as AUL or MPAL, with an emphasis on the most up‐to‐date revisions to diagnostic criteria. In addition, key issues related to the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD) in ALALs and MPALs, and recently uncovered novel molecular diagnostic findings that may be helpful in better distinguishing various types of MPALs from each other, and from their “non‐mixed” phenotypic correlates, are also discussed.
KBG syndrome: Common and uncommon clinical features based on 31 new patients
Authors: Gnazzo Maria , Lepri Francesca R , Dentici Maria Lisa , Capolino Rossella , Pisaneschi Elisa , Agolini Emanuele , Rinelli Martina , Alesi Viola , Versacci Paolo , Genovese Silvia , Cesario Claudia , Sinibaldi Lorenzo , Baban Anwar , Bartuli Andrea , Marino Bruno , Cappa Marco , Dallapiccola Bruno , Novelli Antonio , Digilio Maria Cristina 
Published: March 2020

AbstractKBG syndrome (MIM #148050) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, distinct craniofacial anomalies, macrodontia of permanent upper central incisors, skeletal abnormalities, and short stature. This study describes clinical features of 28 patients, confirmed by molecular testing of ANKRD11 gene, and three patients with 16q24 deletion encompassing ANKRD11 gene, diagnosed in a single center. Common clinical features are reported, together with uncommon findings, clinical expression in the first years of age, distinctive associations, and familial recurrences. Unusual manifestations emerging from present series include juvenile idiopathic arthritis, dysfunctional dysphonia, multiple dental agenesis, idiopathic precocious telarche, oral frenula, motor tics, and lipoma of corpus callosum, pilomatrixoma, and endothelial corneal polymorphic dystrophy. Facial clinical markers suggesting KBG syndrome before 6 years of age include ocular and mouth conformation, wide eyebrows, synophrys, long black eyelashes, long philtrum, thin upper lip. General clinical symptoms leading to early genetic evaluation include developmental delay, congenital malformations, hearing anomalies, and feeding difficulties. It is likely that atypical clinical presentation and overlapping features in patients with multiple variants are responsible for underdiagnosis in KBG syndrome. Improved knowledge of common and atypical features of this disorder improves clinical management.