bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health-related Quality of Life in Patients With Chronic Respiratory Failure; A Protocol for Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Younesi Elyas HosseinzadeH , Sabzi Zahra , Yeganeh Leila Teymouri , Kolagari Shohreh 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: One of the major challenges of the present century is chronic respiratory failure with a complex, chronic, disabling, and progressive nature, which can gradually affect patient health-related quality of life and their individual and social activities. Therefore, studying its concept will help in recognizing changes in the disease process and predict the status of the disease. This study was prepared to determine health-related quality of life of patients with chronic respiratory failure using a mixed-method approach.Methods and Analysis: The mixed-method approach, with a convergent parallel design, will be used to conduct the research in which the quantitative and qualitative study is performed simultaneously and with the same weight. In the quantitative study section, a cultural and psychometric adaptation of the Severe Respiratory Insufficiency Questionnaire is first translated for patients with severe respiratory failure and then the health-related quality of life dimensions of patients with chronic respiratory failure will be measured using a questionnaire pertaining to the culture of Iranian society in a descriptive-analytical study. Simultaneously with the quantitative study, the researcher will use a qualitative study to explain the perception of patients with chronic respiratory failure and health-related quality of life. Finally, the results of a quantitative study obtained from the analysis of descriptive statistics data (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (analysis of variance, t-test, and regression) are integrated by SPSS software version 18. The results of a qualitative study are the results of conventional content analysis, by comparison and confrontation during interpretation.Discussion & Conclusion: Due to the complexity of the research and for gaining in-depth understanding into the health-related quality of life of patients with chronic respiratory failure, this article will be based on a combination of quantitative and qualitative data. In this research, quantitative and qualitative methods overlap and add to the richness of the data so that the results, beyond the numbers and figures of a quantitative study, will be congruent with an explanation of the concept in a qualitative study and will be discussed and interpreted.
Health-Related Quality of Life Among Individuals with Visual Conditions Requiring Eyecare During COVID-19 Lockdown.
Authors: Almhdawi Khader A. , Alsalem Munsif F. , Obeidat Donia , Al-Khateeb Laith T. , Aqarbah Mohammad N. Al , Alshiyab Wejdan M. , Al-Share Zaidoon 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Individuals with chronic vision diseases need regular ophthalmic follow-up. However, access to non-urgent ophthalmic services was limited in areas of strict lockdown during SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic. This article aimed to o assess Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and its predictors in individuals with chronic vision conditions during COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: A cross-sectional, survey-based study targeted Jordanians adults with variety of chronic vision conditions require regular ophthalmic follow-up. Outcome measures included HRQoL measured by 12-item Short Form health survey (SF-12), mental health symptoms measured by Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS 21), vision ability measured by the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire (VFQ-25) General Vision and Role Limitation subscales. Data were analyzed descriptively and using a multiple variable linear regression to identify HRQoL predictors. Results: A total of 201 participants completed the study with a mean age of 52.09 (±15.41) years and SF-12 mean score of 57.90 (±18.15). Level of HRQoL was significantly and negatively predicted by VFQ-25 Role Limitation subscale, presence of diabetes, the need of ophthalmic follow-up during lockdown, and stress. The regression model explained 47.1% of the variance in HRQoL (r2=0.471, F=35.57, P<0.001).Conclusions: Jordanian individuals with chronic vision conditions requiring non-urgent ophthalmic follow-up demonstrated a relatively low level of HRQoL during COVID-19 lockdown. Participants also showed adverse impact on mental health and reported low accessibility to ophthalmic care. Access to non-urgent ophthalmic care in individuals with chronic vision diseases should be carefully considered by healthcare administrations and policymakers for optimal service planning during pandemics and crises.
Synergistic influence of education and marriage on the risk for cognition loss among the older people in China
Authors: sun ning , Jia Rangcheng , Guo Chunyan , Sun Tongda , Dong Xiaoxin , Li Long , Yang Ping 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

The study was aim to prove that both rationality and emotion are indispensable for older people to maintain their ability to live independently during the twilight of their lives.
Methods

The resilience of older people to dementia were investigated by considering the interactions between educational levels and marriage status. Four sociodemographic variables (age, sex, educational level, and marital status) were collected from 1177 older Chinese participants, whose mini-mental state examination scores (MMSE scores) were measured.
Results

A lower educational level coupled with being widowed caused a greater risk for severe cognitive impairment (relative risk [RR] 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20–1.82; p < 0.001) for high-aged older participants (age range: ≥80) than for their low-aged counterparts (age range: ≥60 and < 80). In contrast, a higher educational level coupled with being married leveled this age-related risk for cognitive loss (RR 0.91; 95% CI 0.65–1.27; p = 0.62).
Conclusions

Further findings suggest that the synergistic influence of education and marriage was observed only among high-aged older people .Being both well-educated and married is associated with a delayed cognitive function for older people. However, longevity is a prerequisite for realizing this benefit.
Hyperglycemia-Associated Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence After Open Radical Hepatectomy
Authors: Liu Peng , Wang Yixiu , Xie Yuwei , Zhang Luxun , Pei Jinyu , Cao Guanghua , Qu Linlin , Hu Weiyu , Tan Bin , Wang Cong , Li Kun , Liu Kui , Yang Dongxia , Li Na , Zhu Chengzhan , Cao Jingyu 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundWe investigated the impact of elevated glucose levels on the early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)after open radical hepatectomy.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed. The clinical data of 112 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent open radical hepatectomy from January 2013 to December 2014 at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. After radical resection of the hepatocellular carcinoma, 86 patients with an average fasting blood glucose(FBG) level of 3.9–6.1 mmol/L and 26 patients with an FBG level ≥ 6.1 mmol/L were divided into the normal group and hyperglycemic group, respectively. The recurrence rate of hepatocellular carcinoma was compared between the two groups 1 and 2 years after the operation.ResultsThe postoperative 1- and 2-year recurrence rates of HCC were 19.8% (17/86) and 33.7% (29/86), respectively, in the normal group and42.3% (11/26) and 61.5% (16/26), respectively, in the hyperglycemic group; there were significant differences between the two groups (χ2 = 6.719,P = 0.01;χ2 = 6.427༌P = 0.011). The univariate analysis showed that FBG, history of alcohol drinking, extent of hepatectomy, histopathological differentiation, maximal tumor diameter, satellite lesion, and the postoperative adjuvant treatment were risk factors affecting the tumor-free survival rate after open radical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (P < .05).The results of the multivariate analysis showed that FBG levels ≥ 6.1 mmol/L, low histopathological differentiation, and no postoperative adjuvant treatment were independent risk factors affecting tumor-free survival rate after radical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (P < .05).ConclusionAn elevated FBG level has a stimulating effect on the early recurrence of tumor after open radical resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, postoperative monitoring and blood glucose control may facilitate a decrease in the early recurrence rate in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Comparison of Different Parathyroid Autograft Project after Total Parathyroidectomy in Patients with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: FEI mengjia , XU dong , LAI yi , XU yanan , ZHANG jingwen , WANG jiadong 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of total parathyroidectomy followed by modified needle-quantified injection of parathyroid autograft compared with classic incision and transplantation.Methods We conducted a retrospective study of 171 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism treated by hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. These patients were included in our study from April 2006 to December 2016,who had undergone total parathyroidectomies with autotransplantation . Patients were divided into classic incision for transplantation of parathyroid autograft group and modified needle-quantified injection group. Clinical and biochemical characteristics, including preoperative and postoperative intact parathyroid hormone levels were recorded and compared between two group patients. Results To compare the techniques of modified needle-quantified injection and classic incision and transplantation, pre- and postoperative biochemistry and length of operation was recorded and analyzed. Preoperative biochemistry was similarly in both groups. However, autograft function achieved was significantly faster in the group with modified needle-quantified injection compared with classic incision and transplantation (P = 0.03). Median time to parathyroid function regain was 3 months for injection compared with 7 months for classic incision. There was no remarkable difference in the recurrence rates between the two groups.Conclusion The modified needle-quantified injection of parathyroid tissue is a feasible and simple alternative to the more commonly used method of classic incision and transplantation.
Integrated Transcriptomics Explored the Cancer-Promoting Genes CDKN3 in Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer
Authors: Wang Wanpeng , Liao Kai , Guo HaoChun , Zhou Suqin , Yu Ran , Liu Yanyan , Pan Yan , Pu Juan 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background and objectives: The aims of the present study were to explore the critical genes that related to development of ESCC by integrated transcriptomics and investigate the clinical significance by experimental validation. Methods: The datasets of protein-coding genes expression which involved in ESCC were downloaded from GEO database. The "Robustrankaggreg" package was used for data integration, and the different expression genes (DEGs) were identified based the cut-off criteria as follows: adjust p-value < 0.05, |Log2 fold change (FC)| ≥ 1.5; The protein expression of seed gene in 184 cases of primary ESCC were detected by immunohistochemistry; The relationship between the expression level of seed genes and clinical significance were analyze. Results: A total of 244 DEGs were identified by comparing gene expression patterns between ESCC patients and the controls based on integrating dataset of GSE77861, GSE77861, GSE100942, GSE26886, GSE17351, GSE38129, GSE33426, GSE20347 and GSE23400; The CDKN3 were identified the seed gene of top cluster by use of PPI network and plug-in MCODE; The level of CDKN3 mRNA was significantly increased in ESCC patients compared to controls; The positive expression rate of CDKN3 protein in ESCC tissue samples was 32.0% and 61.4% in control, respectively, differences were statistically significant; There was significant correlation between the expression level of CDKN3 and lymph node metastasis or clinical staging of ESCC patients. Conclusion: Integrated transcriptomics is an efficient approach to system biology. By this procedure, our study improved the understanding of the transcriptome status of ESCC.
A Realist Evaluation of Senior Medical Students' Perspective&nbsp;of a One-Week A Residential Aged Care Facility Clerkship
Authors: Radford Janette Christine , Bramble Marguerite , Todd Anne 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: Residential aged care facilities (RACFs), also known as nursing or aged care homes are infrequently used to deliver experience-based learning to medical students. Methods: This is a realist evaluation of senior medical students’ perspective of a one-week clerkship delivered in RACFs seeking to find what aspects of their clerkship worked for whom and why as part of the evaluation of the clerkship. This is a qualitative study using written and focus group data.Results: The highly structured curriculum delivered many positive learning outcomes for students such as practice in improving management of end-of-life and dementia care, an understanding of how RACFs functioned, and a chance to participate in interprofessional practice. The context also challenged some students who struggled to see the relevance of the clerkship in relation to their personal and/or professional identities.Conclusions: The realist evaluation builds on a previous theory of experience-based learning adding a student intraindividual aspect to the theory to better define the mechanisms involved. The resulting realist theory of experience-based learning may prove useful to other studies of experience-based learning.
Leading the way: Qualities of leaders in preventing mis-implementation of public health programs
Authors: Moreland-Russell Sarah , Weno Emily Rodriguez , Smith Romario , Padek Margaret , Saliba Louise Farah , Brownson Ross 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

Public health agencies are increasingly concerned with ensuring they are maximizing limited resources by delivering effective programs to enhance population-level health outcomes. Preventing mis-implementation is necessary to sustain public health efforts and resources needed to improve health and well-being. Because executive management is responsible for making decisions such as approving or disapproving the continuance of a program, it is important to understand the attributes of public health leaders in preventing program mis-implementation. The purpose of this paper is to identify the important qualities of leadership in preventing the mis-implementation of public health programs.
Methods

In Spring 2019, we selected eight state health departments (SHD) to participate in qualitative interviews on decision making around ending or continuing programs. Forty-four SHD chronic disease employees were interviewed via phone, audio-recorded, and the conversations transcribed verbatim. All transcripts were consensus coded, and themes were identified and summarized. This analysis focused on themes related to leadership.
Results

Participants were program managers or section directors who had on average worked 11 years at their agency and 15 years in public health. The following themes emerged from their interviews regarding the important leadership attributes to prevent mis-implementation: (1) engagement, use of quality improvement, and being adaptive; (2) transparent and bidirectional communication; and (3) ability to navigate political influences.
Conclusion

This first of its kind study showed the close inter-relationship between mis-implementation and leadership. Increased attention to public health leader attributes can help to reduce mis-implementation in public health practice and lead to more effective and efficient use of limited resources. A better understanding of those attributes can provide further direction to future areas of attention and capacity building among current and future public health practitioners. Future research should incorporate a mixed-methods approach to more comprehensively understand the relationships of leaders and practitioners.
Comparative Efficacy (DAS28 remission) of Targeted Immune Modulators for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Best Jennie H. , Kuang Yuting , Jiang Yilin , Singh Rajpal , Karabis Andreas , Uyei Jennifer , Reiss William , Dang Joseph 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

The objective of the study was to evaluate the relative efficacy of targeted immune modulators (TIMs) in TIM-naïve/mixed (≤ 20% TIM-experienced) and TIM-experienced (> 20% TIM-experienced) adults with moderately-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis with an inadequate response or intolerance to conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (cDMARDs).
Methods

A fixed effects Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed using published study-level data form 41 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), identified from 2 recent systematic literature reviews conducted by the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review, and 2 additional phase III trials for filgotinib (FINCH-1, FINCH-2). RCTs that compared TIMs to each other, cDMARD or placebo were included. Treatments included Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFi), and other non-TNFis. Efficacy was defined as achieving remission with a DAS28 score < 2.6 at 12 and 24 weeks.
Results

In the 12-week analysis for the TIM-naïve/mixed population, all TIMs combined with cDMARD were more likely to achieve remission compared to cDMARD alone (statistically significant), with intravenous tocilizumab showing a substantially greater magnitude of effect (odds ratio = 19.36, 95% credible interval: 11.01, 38.16). Similarly, in the 24-week analysis, intravenous and subcutaneous tocilizumab showed the highest odds ratio of achieving DAS28 remission compared to cDMARD. Similar trends were observed for the analyses on monotherapy or TIM-experienced population.
Conclusion

This NMA demonstrated that tocilizumab is associated with a greater likelihood of remission (DAS28 < 2.6) at 12 and 24 weeks compared to most other TIMs including new JAK inhibitors, when used in combination with a cDMARD or as monotherapy, among TIM-naïve/mixed or TIM-experienced populations.
Examination the effect of post-hatch heat-treatment and heat-stress in Transylvanian Naked Neck chicken
Authors: Tóth Roland , Szabadi Nikolett Tokodyné , Lázár Bence , Buda Kitti , Végi Barbara , Barna Judit , Várkonyi Eszter Patakiné , Liptói Krisztina , Pain Bertrand , Gocza Elen 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background

One of the most critical global problem nowadays is the increased environmental temperature. Agriculture is very susceptible to this adverse effect because the productivity of animals and poultry decreased. Although several studies reported the effects of heat-stress in chicken, the expression profile of heat-shock proteins and heat shock factors was not investigated in the gonads and germ cells of Transylvanian Naked Neck chickens.
Methods

In the first experiment, 24 hours after hatching 80 chicks were heat treated on 38.5oC ambient temperature with 60% humidity for 12 hours. After maturation, their primary productivity parameters, such as egg production, abnormalities in embryo development, sperm quantity, concentration, and motility were studied following two weeks of heat-stress on 30 °C room temperature. In the second experiment, the thermal manipulation of 60 chicks was the same but 15 treated and 15 control chicks were sacrificed immediately after the treatment. The other 15–15 chickens were raised to maturity. Expression levels for two heat-shock proteins and four heat shock factors were determined by real-time PCR in the gonads of heat-treated and heat-stressed chickens.
Results

We found that the heat-treated layers had significantly higher egg production than the control group in heat-stressed conditions. In cockerels, the sperm quality did not differ significantly between the heat-treated and heat-stressed group and the heat-stressed but not heat-treated group. We examined the expression pattern of HSPs and HSFs in the gonads. We found that the expression of HSP90 and HSF4 increased significantly (p < 0.05) in heat-treated female chick gonads but in adult females the expression of HSF2 and HSF3 were significantly lower compared to the control. In case of adult heat-treated males, the HSP70, HSF1 and HSF3 expression levels showed a significant increase in both gonads, compared to the control expression levels (P < 0.05).
Conclusion

Heat shock proteins and heat-shock factors protect cells against different stressors, including heat stress. Our findings show a significant effect on egg production but not on the sperm quality after post-hatch heat treatment in heat stress condition. The presented significant differences might be related to the increased expression level of HSP90 and HSF4 in heat-treated chickens.
Almonertinib in the treatment of lung cancer with breast metastasis: a case report
Authors: Gu Xuyu , Gao Chanchan , Wang Longfei , Zheng Shiya 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
BackgroundLung adenocarcinoma with breast metastasis is rare. In the present study, a case of an advanced patient with breast metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR 21 exon p.L858R mutation who underwent TKI-inhibitors is reported.Case presentationA 62-year-old female patient diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma who had undergone seven times disease progress and breast metastasis in sixth time disease progress.The patient underwent left breast puncture and axillary lymph node in ultrasound-guided and the postoperative pathological diagnosis of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma was confirmed. And then gene detection showed EGFR 21 exon p.L858R mutation. Breast metastasis for lung adenocarcinoma was diagnosed and the patient are being treated with Almonertinib.ConclusionBreast metastasis is rare and lung adenocarcinoma might be the primary disease. Gene indection is important. And for lung cancer patients with recurrent pleural effusion, visit of the breast should be included in the follow-up process.
The Effects of Normal Aging, Subjective Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment, or Alzheimer's Disease on Visual Search
Authors: Xue Chaunwei , Tang Yi , Wang Changming , Yang Haibo , Li Liang 
Published: December 2020

Abstract
Background: To examine the progressively developed visual-search deficiency associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods: Healthy-younger adults (34), healthy-older adults (normal-aging control, NC, 30), adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD, 14), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI, 20), or mild AD (15) participated in this study. To determine whether 1 of 4 letters presented at 4 symmetrically-located positions differed from the other 3, when the 4 letters were masked by either other randomly positioned and oriented letters or random-pixel noise. Meanwhile, eye movements were tracked.Results: In all the participants, with the stimulus-presentation time being longer, the visual-search performance improved, and both the eye interest-area first fixation duration (IFFD) and the interest-area-fixation count (IFC) increased. Particularly under the noise-masking condition, the AD group performed the worst at stimulus-presentation times between 300 and 900 ms. The aMCI group, but not the SCD group, performed worse than the NC group at the stimulus-presentation time of either 300 or 500 ms. The IFC was higher in all the patient groups than that in the NC group, and distinguishable between participants with AD and those with SCD or aMCI. Conclusions: The visual-search performance combined with eye-moment tracking under the noise-masking condition can be used for distinguishing AD from normal aging, SCD, and aMCI.