bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protein profile of the ovarian follicular fluid of brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira; Fisher, 1814)
Authors: Souza Thaís T.S. , Bezerra Maria J.B. , van Tilburg Maurício F. , Nagano Celso S. , Rola Luciana D. , Duarte José M.B. , Melo Luciana M. , Moura Arlindo A. , Freitas Vicente J.F. 
Published: December 2019

SummaryThe aim of this study was to characterize the protein profile of ovarian follicular fluid (FF) of brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira). Five adult females received an ovarian stimulation treatment and the FF was collected by laparoscopy from small/medium (≤3.5 mm) and large (>3.5 mm) follicles. Concentrations of soluble proteins in FF samples were measured and proteins were analyzed by 1-D SDS-PAGE followed by tryptic digestion and tandem mass spectrometry. Data from protein list defined after a Mascot database search were analyzed using the STRAP software tool. For the protein concentration, no significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed between small/medium and large follicles: 49.2 ± 22.8 and 56.7 ± 27.4 μg/μl, respectively. Mass spectrometry analysis identified 13 major proteins, but with no significant difference (P > 0.05) between follicle size class. This study provides insight into elucidating folliculogenesis in brown brocket deer.
Multiple resistance to PPO and ALS inhibitors in redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroﬂexus)
Authors: Wang Hao , Wang Hengzhi , Zhao Ning , Zhu Baolin , Sun Penglei , Liu Weitang , Wang Jinxin 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
A redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroﬂexus L.) population (HN-02) collected from Nenjiang County, Heilongjiang Province, exhibited multiple resistance to fomesafen and nicosulfuron. The purposes of this study were to characterize the herbicide resistance status of an HN-02 population for both acetolactate synthase (ALS) and protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) inhibitors and the response to other herbicides and to investigate the target site-based mechanism governing fomesafen and nicosulfuron resistance. Three mutations, Ala-205-Val and Trp-574-Leu mutations in the ALS gene and an Arg-128-Gly mutation in the PPX2 gene, were identified in individual resistant plants. An HN-02F1-1 subpopulation homozygous for the Ala-205-Val and Arg-128-Gly mutations was generated, and whole-plant experiments confirmed multiple resistance to PPO inhibitors (fomesafen, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, and acifluorfen) and ALS inhibitors (imidazolinones [IMI], sulfonylureas [SU], and triazolopyrimidines [TP]) in the HN-02F1-1 plants, which presented resistance index values ranging from 8.3 to 110; however, these plants were sensitive to flumioxazin, fluroxypyr-meptyl, and 2,4-D butylate. In vitro ALS enzyme activity assays revealed that, compared with ALS from susceptible plants, ALS from the HN-02F1-1 plants was 15-, 28- and 320-fold resistant to flumetsulam, nicosulfuron, and imazethapyr, respectively. This study confirms the first case of multiple resistance to PPO and ALS inhibitors in A. retroﬂexus and determines that the target-site resistance mechanism was produced by Ala-205-Val and Arg-128-Gly mutations in the ALS gene and PPX2 gene, respectively. In particular, the Ala-205-Val mutation was found to endow resistance to three classes of ALS inhibitors: TP, SU, and IMI.
Application of the AR‐z Spectrum to Polar Motion: A Possible First Detection of the Inner Core Wobble and Its Implications for the Density of Earth's Core
Authors: Ding Hao , Pan YuanJin , Xu Xin Yu , Shen Wenbin , Li Mengkui 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe density jump at the inner core boundary of the Earth is poorly constrained by seismic data. One sensitive measure of the jump is the eigenperiod of the inner core wobble (ICW). Although theoretical studies on the ICW have been ongoing for decades, no observed ICW signal has been reported. To increase the detection level, here we use a recently proposed AR‐z method to analyze the 1960–2017 polar motion time series. We finally identify a +8.7 ± 0.2 year prograde motion with an ~2.67 ± 0.04 milliarcsecond amplitude. After confirming that this signal is almost a stationary oscillation and that atmospheric/oceanic/hydrological effects cannot seem to excite this signal, we carefully suggest that this ~8.7 year signal is possibly the ICW. According to this suggestion, we reconstruct a new 1‐D density model with a 507 ± 15 kg/m3 inner core boundary density jump. This new model can also provide a better fit than Preliminary Reference Earth model to the seismic overtone 2S1.
Impacts of Extratropical Weather Perturbations on Tropical Cyclone Activity: Idealized Sensitivity Experiments With a Regional Atmospheric Model
Authors: Zhang Gan , Knutson Thomas R. , Garner Stephen T. 
Published: December 2019

Key Points

Artificial suppression of extratropical weather perturbations along 45°N elevates hurricane activity at 30–40°N in idealized experiments
The response is related to reduced equatorward mixing of extratropical dry air, which could occur to some degree in altered climate states
The experimental results suggest mechanisms through which extratropical atmospheric variability could affect tropical cyclogenesis
Production and Preservation of Sulfide Layering in Mercury's Mantle
Authors: Boukaré C.‐E. , Parman S. W. , Parmentier E. M. , Anzures B. A. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractA striking feature of Mercury's volcanic surface is its high S and low FeO contents, which is thought to be produced by very reducing conditions compared to other terrestrial bodies. Experiments show that S solubility in silicate melts increases to % wt levels for oxygen fugacities lower than three log units below the iron‐wustite (IW) buffer. During magma ocean solidification, large amounts of sulfide could potentially precipitate. This work investigates the effects of primordial sulfide layering on the first 750 Myr of Mercury's mantle dynamics. It is proposed that sulfide layering could have been produced by fractional solidification in the highly reduced Mercury magma ocean (MMO). Such chemical layering implies mantle sources with variable sulfur contents that might have played an important role in early Mercurian magmatism. Our models investigate the production of sulfide‐rich layers and their preservation during post‐MO solid‐state mantle dynamics. An intriguing question is the role of these sulfide‐rich layers on mantle dynamics as they are expected to incorporate a substantial amount of heat‐producing elements (U, Th, and K). We use experimentally determined sulfur solubility in silicate melts to predict the depth at which sulfides precipitate in the MMO. The model produces primordial sulfide layers whose thickness and locations depend upon the oxygen fugacity (fO2) and initial sulfur content (Sinit) of the MMO. Several geodynamic regimes have been identified in the fO2‐Sinit space. This study shows that oxygen fugacity, bulk sulfur content, and sulfide segregation are key for the early thermochemical evolution of Mercury.
Recipes for How to Force Oceanic Model Dynamics
Authors: Renault Lionel , Masson S. , Arsouze T. , Madec Gurvan , McWilliams James C. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe current feedback to the atmosphere (CFB) contributes to the oceanic circulation by damping eddies. In an ocean‐atmosphere coupled model, CFB can be correctly accounted for by using the wind relative to the oceanic current. However, its implementation in a forced oceanic model is less straightforward as CFB also enhances the 10‐m wind. Wind products based on observations have seen real currents that will not necessarily correspond to model currents, whereas meteorological reanalyses often neglect surface currents or use surface currents that, again, will differ from the surface currents of the forced oceanic simulation. In this study, we use a set of quasi‐global oceanic simulations, coupled or not with the atmosphere, to (i) quantify the error associated with the different existing strategies of forcing an oceanic model, (ii) test different parameterizations of the CFB, and (iii) propose the best strategy to account for CFB in forced oceanic simulation. We show that scatterometer wind or stress are not suitable to properly represent the CFB in forced oceanic simulation. We furthermore demonstrate that a parameterization of CFB based on a wind‐predicted coupling coefficient between the surface current and the stress allows us to reproduce the main characteristics of a coupled simulation. Such a parameterization can be used with any forcing set, including future coupled reanalyses, assuming that the associated oceanic surface currents are known. A further assessment of the thermal feedback of the surface wind in response to oceanic surface temperature gradients shows a weak forcing effect on oceanic currents.
One-year clinical outcomes following theta burst stimulation for post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Petrosino Nicholas J. , Wout-Frank Mascha van ’t , Aiken Emily , Swearingen Hannah R. , Barredo Jennifer , Zandvakili Amin , Philip Noah S. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractTheta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (TBS) is a potential new treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We previously reported active intermittent TBS (iTBS) was associated with superior clinical outcomes for up to 1-month, in a sample of fifty veterans with PTSD, using a crossover design. In that study, participants randomized to the active group received a total of 4-weeks of active iTBS, or 2-weeks if randomized to sham. Results were superior with greater exposure to active iTBS, which raised the question of whether observed effects persisted over the longer-term. This study reviewed naturalistic outcomes up to 1-year from study endpoint, to test the hypothesis that greater exposure to active iTBS would be associated with superior outcomes. The primary outcome measure was clinical relapse, defined as any serious adverse event (e.g., suicide, psychiatric hospitalization, etc.,) or need for retreatment with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Forty-six (92%) of the initial study’s intent-to-treat participants were included. Mean age was 51.0 ± 12.3 years and seven (15.2%) were female. The group originally randomized to active iTBS (4-weeks active iTBS) demonstrated superior outcomes at one year compared to those originally randomized to sham (2-weeks active iTBS); log-rank ChiSq = 5.871, df = 1, p = 0.015; OR = 3.50, 95% CI = 1.04–11.79. Mean days to relapse were 296.0 ± 22.1 in the 4-week group, and 182.0 ± 31.9 in the 2-week group. When used, rTMS retreatment was generally effective. Exploratory neuroimaging revealed default mode network connectivity was predictive of 1-year outcomes (corrected p < 0.05). In summary, greater accumulated exposure to active iTBS demonstrated clinically meaningful improvements in the year following stimulation, and default mode connectivity could be used to predict longer-term outcomes.
Minimal fermentative metabolism fuels extracellular symbiont in a leaf beetle
Authors: Bauer Eugen , Kaltenpoth Martin , Salem Hassan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
While genome erosion is extensively studied in intracellular symbionts, the metabolic implications of reductive evolution in microbes subsisting extracellularly remain poorly understood. Stammera capleta—an extracellular symbiont in leaf beetles—possesses an extremely reduced genome (0.27 Mb), enabling the study of drastic reductive evolution in the absence of intracellularity. Here, we outline the genomic and transcriptomic profiles of Stammera and its host to elucidate host-symbiont metabolic interactions. Given the symbiont’s substantial demands for nutrients and membrane components, the host’s symbiotic organ shows repurposing of internal resources by upregulating nutrient transporters and cuticle-processing genes targeting epithelial chitin. Facilitated by this supplementation and its localization, Stammera exhibits a highly streamlined gene expression profile and a fermentation pathway for energy conversion, sharply contrasting the respiratory metabolism retained by most intracellular symbionts. Our results provide insights into a tightly regulated and metabolically integrated extracellular symbiosis, expanding our understanding of the minimal metabolism required to sustain life outside of a host cell.
Effect of low-dose Levamlodipine Besylate in the treatment of vascular dementia
Authors: Yao Kai-Xin , Lyu Hang , Liao Mei-Hua , Yang Lin , Gao Yin-Ping , Liu Qi-Bing , Wang Cheng-kun , Lu Ying-Mei , Jiang Guo-Jun , Han Feng , Wang Ping 
Published: December 2019

AbstractVascular dementia (VaD) is a complex disorder caused by reduced blood flow in the brain. However, there is no effective pharmacological treatment option available until now. Here, we reported that low-dose levamlodipine besylate could reverse the cognitive impairment in VaD mice model of right unilateral common carotid arteries occlusion (rUCCAO). Oral administration of levamlodipine besylate (0.1 mg/kg) could reduce the latency to find the hidden platform in the MWM test as compared to the vehicle group. Furthermore, vehicle-treated mice revealed reduced phospho-CaMKII (Thr286) levels in the hippocampus, which can be partially restored by levamlodipine besylate (0.1 mg/kg and 0.5 mg/kg) treatment. No significant outcome on microglia and astrocytes were observed following levamlodipine besylate treatment. This data reveal novel findings of the therapeutic potential of low-dose levamlodipine besylate that could considerably enhance the cognitive function in VaD mice.
Adhesion reformation and the limited translational value of experiments with adhesion barriers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal models
Authors: Strik Chema , Wever Kimberley E. , Stommel Martijn W. J. , Goor Harry van , ten Broek Richard P. G. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractToday, 40–66% of elective procedures in general surgery are reoperations. During reoperations, the need for adhesiolysis results in increased operative time and a more complicated convalescence. In pre-clinical evaluation, adhesion barriers are tested for their efficacy in preventing ‘de novo’ adhesion formation, However, it is unknown to which extent barriers are tested for prevention of adhesion reformation. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the efficacy of commercially available adhesion barriers and laparoscopic adhesiolysis in preventing adhesion reformation in animal models. Pubmed and EMBASE were searched for studies which assessed peritoneal adhesion reformation after a standardized peritoneal injury (in the absence of an intra-peritoneal mesh), and reported the incidence of adhesions, or an adhesion score as outcome. Ninety-three studies were included. No study met the criteria for low risk of bias. None of the commercially available adhesion barriers significantly reduced the incidence of adhesion reformation. Three commercially available adhesion barriers reduced the adhesion score of reformed adhesions, namely Seprafilm (SMD 1.38[95% CI]; p < 0.01), PEG (SMD 2.08[95% CI]; p < 0.01) and Icodextrin (SMD 1.85[95% CI]; p < 0.01). There was no difference between laparoscopic or open adhesiolysis with regard to the incidence of adhesion reformation (RR 1.14[95% CI]; p ≥ 0.05) or the adhesion score (SMD 0.92[95% CI]; p ≥ 0.05). Neither currently commercially available adhesion barriers, nor laparoscopic adhesiolysis without using an adhesion barrier, reduces the incidence of adhesion reformation in animal models. The methodological quality of animal studies is poor.
Integrated Green Chemical Approach to the Medicinal Plant Carpobrotus edulis Processing
Authors: Lyubchyk Sergiy , Shapovalova Olesia , Lygina Olena , Oliveira Maria Conceiçao , Appazov Nurbol , Lyubchyk Andriy , Charmier Adilia Januario , Lyubchik Svetlana , Pombeiro Armando J. L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractMany plants have medicinal properties due to substances known as phytochemicals. To utilize these plants in practice, numerous procedures, such as extraction, isolation and characterization methods and toxicology and bioactivity studies, must be designed and implemented. Integrated approach to process Carpobrotus edulis, a weed medicinal plant widely spread in Portugal, was developed into a closed loop of two processes: microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and activation (MAA), to produce both phytochemicals and biochar. The use of MAE for phytochemical extraction was shown to be more energy efficient than conventional Soxhlet extraction: the process time was decreased by 7–8 times, and the energy efficiency was increased by up to 97%. The yield of the extracts is of 27%. Qualitative and quantitative identification/characterization of the phytochemicals were performed by LC-MS and phytochemical screening assays. The results clearly indicated that Carpobrotus edulis is rich by flavonoids (up to 24%). The use of MAA to process the residual biomass could shorten the activation time, resulting in reduced energy consumption. Biochar with a high yield of 65% (on a biomass basis) and a well-developed texture (surface area of 68.9 m2/g; total pore volume of 0.10 cm3/g; micropore volume of 0.07 cm3/g) is obtained.
Spatial eco-evolutionary feedbacks mediate coexistence in prey-predator systems
Authors: Colombo Eduardo H. , Martínez-García Ricardo , López Cristóbal , Hernández-García Emilio 
Published: December 2019

AbstractEco-evolutionary frameworks can explain certain features of communities in which ecological and evolutionary processes occur over comparable timescales. Here, we investigate whether an evolutionary dynamics may interact with the spatial structure of a prey-predator community in which both species show limited mobility and predator perceptual ranges are subject to natural selection. In these conditions, our results unveil an eco-evolutionary feedback between species spatial mixing and predators perceptual range: different levels of mixing select for different perceptual ranges, which in turn reshape the spatial distribution of prey and its interaction with predators. This emergent pattern of interspecific interactions feeds back to the efficiency of the various perceptual ranges, thus selecting for new ones. Finally, since prey-predator mixing is the key factor that regulates the intensity of predation, we explore the community-level implications of such feedback and show that it controls both coexistence times and species extinction probabilities.
Optical Study of the Electronic Structure and Lattice Dynamics of NdBaMn2O6 Single Crystals
Authors: Mero Rea Divina , Ogawa Kirari , Yamada Shigeki , Liu Hsiang-Lin 
Published: December 2019

AbstractWe investigated the electronic structure and lattice dynamics of double perovskite NdBaMn2O6 single crystals through spectroscopic ellipsometry and Raman scattering spectroscopy. The optical absorption band centered at approximately 0.88 eV was assigned to on-site d–d transitions in Mn, whereas the optical feature at approximately 4.10 eV was assigned to charge-transfer transitions between the 2p state of O and 3d state of Mn. Analysis of the temperature dependence of the d-d transition indicated anomalies at 290 and 235 K. The activated phonon mode, which appeared at approximately 440 cm−1 alongside with the enhancement of the 270 cm−1 phonon mode, coupled strongly to the metal–insulator transition at 290 K, which was associated with a charge/orbital ordering. Moreover, the MnO6 octahedral breathing mode at 610 cm−1 exhibited softening at a temperature lower than 235 K (temperature of the antiferromagnetic phase transition), which revealed the strong coupling between the lattice and magnetic degrees of freedom. The spin–phonon coupling constant obtained was λ = 2.5 cm−1. These findings highlight the importance of charge–orbital–spin interactions in establishing NdBaMn2O6 phases with novel properties.
Apolipoprotein E deficient rats generated via zinc-finger nucleases exhibit pronounced in-stent restenosis
Authors: Cornelissen Anne , Simsekyilmaz Sakine , Liehn Elisa , Rusu Mihaela , Schaaps Nicole , Afify Mamdouh , Florescu Roberta , Almalla Mohammad , Borinski Mauricio , Vogt Felix 
Published: December 2019

AbstractThe long-term success of coronary stent implantation is limited by in-stent restenosis (ISR). In spite of a broad variety of animal models available, an ideal high-throughput model of ISR has been lacking. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) deficient rats enable the evaluation of human-sized coronary stents while at the same time providing an atherogenic phenotype. Whereas apoE deficient rats have been proposed as animal model of atherosclerosis, to date it is unknown whether they also develop pronounced ISR. We sought to assess ISR after abdominal aorta stent implantation in apoE deficient rats. A total of 42 rats (16 wildtype, 13 homozygous apoE−/− and 13 heterozygous apoE+/− rats) underwent abdominal aorta stent implantation. After 28 days blood samples were analyzed to characterize lipid profiles. ISR was assessed by histomorphometric means. Homozygous apoE−/− rats exhibited significantly higher total cholesterol and low-density cholesterol levels than wildtype apoE+/+ and heterozygous apoE+/− rats. ISR was significantly pronounced in homozygous apoE−/− rats as compared to wildtype apoE+/+ (p = <0.0001) and heterozygous apoE+/− rats (p = 0.0102) on western diet. Abdominal aorta stenting of apoE−/− rats is a reliable model to investigate ISR after stent implantation and thus can be used for the evaluation of novel stent concepts. Apolipoprotein E (apoE) deficient rats have been proposed as animal model of atherosclerosis. We investigated the development of restenosis 28 days after stent implantation into the abdominal aorta of wildtype apoE+/+, homozygous apoE−/− and heterozygous apoE+/− rats, respectively. Homozygous apoE−/− rats exhibited significantly higher LDL and significantly lower HDL cholesterol levels compared to wildtype apoE+/+ and heterozygous apoE+/− rats. Restenosis after stent implantation was significantly pronounced in western-diet-fed homozygous apoE−/− rats, accompanied by a significantly increased neointimal thickness. Thus, apoE knockout rats exhibit elevated restenosis and might provide a novel tool for testing of innovative stent concepts.
Five-century record of climate and groundwater recharge variability in southern California
Authors: Manna F. , Walton K. M. , Cherry J. A. , Parker B. L. 
Published: December 2019

AbstractModifications to the rates of water flowing from the surface to groundwater (groundwater recharge) due to climate variability are the most difficult to assess because of the lack of direct long-term observations. Here, we analyze the chloride salt distribution below the surface soil on a plateau near Los Angeles to reconstruct the amount of recharge that occurred in the last five centuries. Over this time interval, periods of major high and low recharge with different duration follow each other and this cyclicity is consistent with long-term atmospheric forcing patterns, such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation. This study determines the range and the natural variability of recharge to groundwater, which sustains local freshwater flow system, and helps forecast future availability of groundwater resource in southern California, where water scarcity is critical to both local and global populations.