bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A longitudinal observational retrospective study on risk factors and predictive model of PICC associated thrombosis in cancer patients
Authors: Song Xiaomin , Lu Hong , Chen Fang , Bao Zuowei , Li Shanquan , Li Siqin , Peng Yinghua , Liu Qiao , Chen Xiaohui , Li Jingzhen , Zhang Weimin 
Published: June 2020

AbstractTo analyze the incidence of PICC associated venous thrombosis. To predict the risk factors of thrombosis. To validate the best predictive model in predicting PICC associated thrombosis. Consecutive oncology cases in 341 who initially naive intended to be inserted central catheter for chemotherapy, were recruited to our dedicated intravenous lab. All patients used the same gauge catheter, Primary endpoint was thrombosis formation, the secondary endpoint was infusion termination without thrombosis. Two patients were excluded. 339 patients were divided into thrombosis group in 59 (17.4%) and non-thrombosis Group in 280 (82.6%), retrospectively. Tumor, Sex, Age, Weight, Height, BMI, BSA, PS, WBC, BPC, PT, D-dimer, APTT, FIB, Smoking history, Location, Catheter length, Ratio and Number as independent variables were analyzed by Fisher’s scoring, then Logistic risk regression, ROC analysis and nomogram was introduced. Total incidence was 17.4%. Venous mural thrombosis in 2 (3.4%), “fibrin sleeves” in 55 (93.2%), mixed thrombus in 2 (3.4%), symptomatic thrombosis in 2 (3.4%), asymptomatic thrombosis in 57 (96.6%), respectively. Height (χ² = 4.48, P = 0.03), D-dimer (χ² = 37.81, P < 0.001), Location (χ² = 7.56, P = 0.006), Number (χ² = 43.64, P < 0.001), Ratio (χ² = 4.38, P = 0.04), and PS (χ² = 58.78, P < 0.001), were statistical differences between the two groups analyzed by Fisher’s scoring. Logistic risk regression revealed that Height (β = −0.05, HR = 0.95, 95%CI: 0.911–0.997, P = 0.038), PS (β = 1.07, HR = 2.91, 95%CI: 1.98–4.27, P < 0.001), D-dimer (β0.11, HR = 1.12, 95%CI: 1.045–1.200, P < 0.001), Number (β = 0.87, HR = 2.38, 95% CI: 1.619–3.512, P < 0.001) was independently associated with PICC associated thrombosis. The best prediction model, D-dimer + Number as a novel co-variable was validated in diagnosing PICC associated thrombosis before PICC. Our research revealed that variables PS, Number, D-dimer and Height were risk factors for PICC associated thrombosis, which were slightly associated with PICC related thrombosis, in which, PS was the relatively strongest independent risk factor of PICC related thrombosis.
Long-term morphologic fundus and optic nerve head pattern of progressive myopia in congenital glaucoma distinguished by age at first surgery
Authors: Lee Eun Jung , Han Jong Chul , Park Do Young , Kee Changwon 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the preservation of round optic nerve head (ONH) shape in myopic eyes of surgically treated congenital glaucoma patients, with regard to factors associated with intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation-induced peripapillary scleral (PPS) deformation. Using optical coherence tomography (OCT) on the ONH and macula, we identified myopic eyes with round ONH and internally oblique border tissue and those with non-round ONH. We investigated differences in clinical factors between the two groups. We included 51 eyes of 34 patients. Age at first surgery (2.8 vs. 15.2 months, P < 0.001) was significantly different between the two groups. Axial length was also significantly longer (P = 0.004) in the non-round group, but multiple logistic regression analysis revealed age as the only significant factor (P < 0.05) in ONH roundness. Interestingly, the round ONH group also had non-curved fundus morphology and a thick choroid, while the non-round ONH group showed diverse degrees of disc tilt and posterior pole curvature, and a thin choroid. In conclusion, in eyes with congenital glaucoma, age at first surgery, particularly when older than 6 months, was associated with round ONH and emmetropia-like fundus despite high myopia. The findings may indicate two different changes in the posterior sclera and the neural canal in response to the increased IOP.
Gut Microbiota Profiles of Treated Metabolic Syndrome Patients and their Relationship with Metabolic Health
Authors: Wutthi-in Montree , Cheevadhanarak Supapon , Yasom Sakawdaurn , Kerdphoo Sasiwan , Thiennimitr Parameth , Phrommintikul Arintaya , Chattipakorn Nipon , Kittichotirat Weerayuth , Chattipakorn Siriporn 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMetabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a worldwide health issue. Recent studies reveal that the human gut microbiota exerts a significant role in the pathogenesis of this disease. While drug treatments may greatly improve metabolic symptoms, little is known about the gut microbiota composition of these treated MetS patients. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota composition of treated-MetS patients and analyse the possibility of using gut microbiota as an indicator of metabolic conditions. 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing approach was used to profile gut microbiota of 111 treated MetS patients from The Cohort of patients at a high Risk of Cardiovascular Events (CORE)-Thailand registry. Our results show that the gut microbiota profiles of MetS patients are diverse across individuals, but can be classified based on their similarity into three groups or enterotypes. We also showed several associations between species abundance and metabolic parameters that are enterotype specific. These findings suggest that information on the gut microbiota can be useful for assessing treatment options for MetS patients. In addition, any correlations between species abundance and human properties are likely specific to each microbial community.
Cellular polyamines condense hyperphosphorylated Tau, triggering Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Ivanov Stefan M. , Atanasova Mariyana , Dimitrov Ivan , Doytchinova Irini A. 
Published: June 2020

AbstractMany gaps in our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease remain despite intense research efforts. One such prominent gap is the mechanism of Tau condensation and fibrillization. One viewpoint is that positively charged Tau is condensed by cytosolic polyanions. However, this hypothesis is likely based on an overestimation of the abundance and stability of cytosolic polyanions and an underestimation of crucial intracellular constituents – the cationic polyamines. Here, we propose an alternative mechanism grounded in cellular biology. We describe extensive molecular dynamics simulations and analysis on physiologically relevant model systems, which suggest that it is not positively charged, unmodified Tau that is condensed by cytosolic polyanions but negatively charged, hyperphosphorylated Tau that is condensed by cytosolic polycations. Our work has broad implications for anti-Alzheimer’s research and drug development and the broader field of tauopathies in general, potentially paving the way to future etiologic therapies.
Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy: Effect of H. pylori infection and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth treatment on clinical outcomes
Authors: Abid Shahab , Kamran Muhammad , Abid Adeel , Butt Nazish , Awan Safia , Abbas Zaigham 
Published: June 2020

AbstractThe effect Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection and small intestinal bacterial over growth (SIBO) in minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is not well understood. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of eradication of Hp infection and SIBO treatment on MHE in patients with cirrhosis. Patients with cirrhosis were enrolled and MHE was determined by psychometric tests and critical flicker frequency analysis. Hp infection and SIBO were assessed by urea breath and Hydrogen breath tests respectively in patients with cirrhosis and in healthy volunteers. Patients with Hp infection and SIBO were given appropriate treatment. At six weeks follow-up, presence of Hp infection, SIBO and MHE status was reassessed. Ninety patients with cirrhosis and equal number of healthy controls were included. 55 (61.1%) patients in the cirrhotic group were diagnosed to have underlying MHE. Among cirrhotic group, Hp infection was present in 28 with MHE (50.9%) vs. in 15 without MHE (42.8%) (p = 0.45). Similarly, SIBO was present in 17 (30.9%) vs. 11 (31.4%) (p = 0.95) in patients with and without MHE respectively. In comparison with healthy controls, patients with cirrhosis were more frequently harboring Hp and SIBO (47.7% vs. 17.7% (p < 0.001) and 31.1% vs. 4.4% (p < 0.001) respectively. On follow-up, all patients showed evidence of eradication of Hp and SIBO infection. Treatment of SIBO significantly improved the state of MHE in cirrhotics, however eradication of Hp infection did not improve MHE significantly. Additionally, patients with low Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score and belonging to Child class B had significantly better improvement in MHE. A large number of patients with cirrhosis had either active Hp infection or SIBO with or without MHE, compared to healthy controls. Treatment of SIBO significantly improved MHE in patients with cirrhosis, whereas eradication of Hp did not affect the outcome of MHE in these patients.
Formation of large area closely packed carbon onions film by plasma-based ion implantation
Authors: Matsumoto Naohiro , Kinoshita Hiroshi , Choi Junho , Kato Takahisa 
Published: June 2020

AbstractA substantial quantity of carbon onions in a durable film state is indispensable for its applications. In this study, large area fabrication of closely packed homogeneous carbon onion nanoparticle film using plasma-based ion implantation was demonstrated. Ag film deposited on a Si substrate was used as the implantation target for the hydrocarbon ions accelerated at 20 kV. Nanoparticles with the mean diameter of 7.5 nm were formed at the grain boundary of the Ag film. Carbon onions with the mean diameter of 17.4 nm were synthesized and arranged to a closely packed nanoparticle film with the thickness of around 200 nm by gradual thermal vaporization of the Ag. The closely packed configuration was achieved due to the isolated growth of carbon onion nanoparticle and high uniformity of the diameter. This process can be used in principle large area formation compered to typical ion implantation technique of carbon onion nanoparticle film, which can be applicable for the practical use in mechanical and electrochemical applications.
Exploring cycling induced crystallographic change in NMC with X-ray diffraction computed tomography
Authors: Daemi Sohrab R. , Tan Chun , Vamvakeros Antonis , Heenan Thomas M. M. , Finegan Donal P. , Di Michiel Marco , Beale Andrew M. , Cookson James , Petrucco Enrico , Weaving Julia S. , Jacques Simon , Jervis Rhodri , Brett Dan J. L. , Shearing Paul R. 
Published: June 2020

This study presents the application of XRD-CT combined with FIB-SEM to analyze the crystal dimensions of LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2 electrodes and spatially localise the change in unit cell dimensions as a result of electrochemical cycling.
Morpho-biological features of rosewort(rhodiola rosea l.) under the conditions of introduction
Authors: Karpukhin M. Y. , Abramchuk A. V. 
Published: June 2020

The uncontrolled harvesting of rosewort has led to a sharp decline in its natural populations in the Nether-Polar Urals, and in a number of places in Altai and Sayany - to almost complete extermination of the plant. Nowadays rosewort is classified as rare and endangered species, in many regions - as a protected plant. One reliable way to preserve this plant is to introduce it into culture.
The article presents the results obtained during the experiment (during 2010-2014) on the study of morpho-biological features of rosewort(Rhodiolarosea) L.) under the conditions of introduction. Theexperimental design included 3 options, differing in the area of nutrition: 1 var. — 50 x 50 cm (4 plants/m2), taken for control; 2 var. — 33 x 50 cm (6 plants/m) 2. ); 3 var. - 25x50 cm (8 plants/ m2).
During the study, the optimal growing space was established - 50x50 cm, at which, during all years of observation, there was a more active growth of rosewort plants. Seasonal development process in all variants is represented by a single-vertex curve, with a pronounced maximum, the magnitude of which depended on the average daily growth of plants. The highest average daily increase in the experiment was observed in different terms: in the 1st var. — in the second decade of June; in the 2nd var. — in the third decade of June; in the 3rd var. — in the first decade of July; it varied from 1.28 cm (3 var.) to 1.71 cm (1 var.).
Impact of medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances on network real-time kinematic services: CATNET study case
Authors: Timoté Cristhian Camilo , Juan José Miguel , Sanz Jaume , González-Casado Guillermo , Rovira-García Adrià , Escudero Miquel 
Published: June 2020

Medium-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (MSTIDs) are fluctuations in the plasma density that propagate through the upper layer of the atmosphere at velocities of approximately 100 m/s and periods reaching some tens of minutes. Due to their wavelengths, MSTIDs can degrade the performance of differential positioning techniques, such as real-time kinematics (RTK) or network-RTK (NRTK). This paper defines a novel methodology as a tool for relating the errors in NRTK positioning based on an MSTIDs indicator using the second difference in time of the slant total electron content (STEC). The proposed methodology performs integer ambiguity resolution (IAR) on the undifferenced measurements instead of using double-differenced carrier-phase measurements, as it is usual in RTK and NRTK. Statistical tests are applied to evaluate the degradation in the position errors caused by the impacts of MSTIDs on RTK and NRTK positioning over a data set spanning one year gathered from the CATNET network; a dual-frequency network of fixed permanent GNSS receivers located at the mid-latitudes of northeastern Spain. With the development of the proposed methodology for measuring the position degradation, another results of the present research are the establishment of thresholds for the proposed MSTIDs index, which can be used to monitor the positioning solution and to warn users when the measurements are affected by MSTIDs events, relating the position error to MSTIDs that affect not only the user receivers but also of the reference receivers within the network.
Acoustic trapping of microbubbles in complex environments and controlled payload release
Authors: Baresch Diego , Garbin Valeria 
Published: June 2020

Significance
Remote positioning and activation of drug-loaded microparticles in vivo are a central pursuit of nanomedicine. Optical, magnetic, and acoustic fields have been used to position and sort microparticles in vitro, but the translation in vivo remains challenging. Because sound can be transmitted centimeters deep into opaque media, acoustical tweezers are considered an ideal candidate for in vivo contactless manipulation. Here we use a single-beam acoustical trap to manipulate microbubbles in three dimensions through materials that mimic biological tissues. We establish the trapping mechanism, which is strikingly different from conventional acoustic trapping of bubbles. We also demonstrate controlled release from nanoparticle-loaded microbubbles with an independent acoustic trigger. We thus lay the foundations for biomedical applications of single-beam acoustical tweezers.
Design with nature and eco-city design
Authors: Wu Yegang , Swain Robert E. , Jiang Nan , Qiao Mengying , Wang Haihua , Bai Jialin , Zhou Xi , Sun Xuefeng , Xu Jing , Xu Meng , Hu Chen , Xing Yimin , Wu Jenny Z. 
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT

Designing with Nature is an approach linking design and ecology, which focuses on living with nature, caring for nature, and aiming for a sustainable society. China has made eco-city development, eco-restoration, and eco-civilization its legislative priority and its national strategy, investing a US$618 billion in a 5-year period from 2011–2015 that could reach as high as US$1,124 billion dollars in the period of 2016–2020. “Designing with nature” also means that we must, as we are dealing with resources, consider and understand all the impacting factors and ecosystem capacities. China’s biggest challenge has been to restore water quality, aquatic ecosystems, and landscape patterns. Alongside its natural resources and eco-city development, China possesses a solar energy capacity higher than that of any other country in the world, reaching 174 gigawatts by 2018. Solar power is now cheaper than fossil fuels in hundreds of Chinese cities. In this review, we affirm that the nature-driven design put forth by McHarg’s
Design with Nature
has withstood the test of time, and we aim to renew interest in McHarg’s ideas by arguing for a design of Chinese cities that is, in keeping with
Design with Nature
, future-oriented, nature-oriented, and sustainability-oriented.
Effect of PTFE on characteristics, corrosion, and tribological behavior of Zn–Ni electrodeposits
Authors: Tafreshi Mahshid , Allahkaram Saeid Reza , Mahdavi Soheil 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Zn–Ni and Zn–Ni/PTFE coatings were produced by the electrodeposition technique. The effect of PTFE particles concentration on co-deposition of these particles was investigated. Morphology of Zn–Ni and Zn–Ni/PTFE coatings along with their corrosion and tribological behavior were studied. The results showed that maximum incorporation of PTFE particles was obtained in the presence of 30 g l−1 of these particles in the bath. Clusters of cauliflower-like morphology of Zn–Ni film became coarser by the incorporation of PTFE particles. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results revealed that Zn-14Ni film had the best corrosion resistance between all the samples. The corrosion resistance of the alloy film was decreased by the incorporation of PTFE particles. However, Zn–Ni/PTFE film had higher corrosion resistance than the steel substrate. According to hardness and wear results, while Zn-14Ni film had the highest hardness between all the samples, Zn–Ni/PTFE film had the lowest volume loss and friction coefficient.
Highly sensitive silicon nitride biomedical sensor using plasmonic grating and ZnO layer
Authors: Elrashidi Ali 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
A biomedical sensor that sense concentration of glycerol in a deionized water with a high sensitivity is introduced in this work. A silicon nitride layer is added to the grated substrate, glass, then a plasmonic layer has been used before adding a zinc oxide layer on the top of the plasmonic gratings. The dimensions of all layers have been optimized to obtain the maximum refractive index sensitivity. Finite difference time domain method is used to calculate a transmitted signal from the proposed structure with and without analyte material. Figure of merit, quality factor and full width half maximum are also calculated at different duty cycle. The best performance of the senor has been obtained at duty cycle 35%, figure of merit 57.6, quality factor 57.3 and linewidth 14 nm. The maximum refractive index sensitivity is 806 nm/RIU which calculated at the same duty cycle. Detecting the glycerol concentration in deionized water is simulated at the maximum sensitivity and measured at different incident light angle. Finally, electric and magnetic fields and optical power, distributed along the structure are illustrated and discussed.
Effects of corundum-structured seeds on the low-temperature growth and hardness of the alumina-based films
Authors: Cheng Yitian , Chu Chenglin , Zhou Peng 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
The corundum-structured seeds have been introduced into alumina films using Al + α-Al2O3 composite and Al100−xCrx (x = 10, 20, 30) alloy as targets by reactive magnetron sputtering. The effects of the seeds on the elemental composition, phase composition, structure characteristic, surface morphology and nano-hardness of the alumina-based films have been investigated. The Al target has also been sputtered to prepare the alumina film as reference. The film is composed of single-phase α-Al2O3 by sputtering the Al + α-Al2O3 composite target at 550 °C, while the solid solution α-type (Al0.7Cr0.3)2O3 was detected in the film prepared with the Al70Cr30 target at the same temperature. The nano-hardness of the pure α-Al2O3 film and the α-(Al0.7Cr0.3)2O3 film were measured as ∼23.5 GPa and ∼28.5 GPa, respectively, which are much higher than that of the film deposited from Al target (∼16.3 GPa).
Invited Commentary: Rethinking Cervical Cancer Elimination in Terms of Lifetime Risk Rather Than Arbitrarily Defined Age-Standardized Incidence Rates
Authors: Malagón Talía , Franco Eduardo L 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
In their accompanying article, Vänskä et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2021;190(4):506–514) provide us with cohort lifetime risks of cervical cancer attributable to different types of human papillomavirus in Sweden. We argue that a standardized lifetime risk such as those calculated by Vänskä et al. might be a more appropriate public health target for cervical cancer elimination than age-standardized incidence rates. Age standardization to an arbitrary standard age distribution implies an implicit value choice regarding the weight of different age groups for which we find little moral justification. Conversely, a standardized lifetime risk uses standard life expectancy as a weight, corresponding to the likelihood that cervical cancer would impact a woman and prevent her from pursuing opportunities within a standard life span. Based on the data from Vänskä et al., a standardized lifetime risk of 129–250 cervical cancers per 100,000 women born could be an aspirational alternative public health target for cervical cancer elimination as a public health problem, complementary to the World Health Organization’s arbitrary draft target of 4 cervical cancers per 100,000 age-standardized woman-years.
Genome-wide genotyping elucidates the geographical diversification and dispersal of the polyploid and clonally propagated yam (Dioscorea alata)
Authors: Sharif Bilal Muhammad , Burgarella Concetta , Cormier Fabien , Mournet Pierre , Causse Sandrine , Van Kien Nguyen , Kaoh Juliane , Rajaonah Mamy Tiana , Lakshan Senanayake Ravinda , Waki Jeffrey , Bhattacharjee Ranjana , Badara Gueye , Pachakkil Babil , Arnau Gemma , Chaïr Hana 
Published: June 2020

AbstractBackground and AimsInferring the diffusion history of many human-dispersed species is still not straightforward due to unresolved past human migrations. The centre of diversification and routes of migration of the autopolyploid and clonally propagated greater yam, Dioscorea alata, one of the oldest edible tubers, remain unclear. Here, we address yam demographic and dispersal history using a worldwide sample.MethodsWe characterized genome-wide patterns of genetic variation using genotyping by sequencing 643 greater yam accessions spanning four continents. First, we disentangled the polyploid and clonal components of yam diversity using allele frequency distribution and identity by descent approaches. We then addressed yam geographical origin and diffusion history with a model-based coalescent inferential approach.Key ResultsDiploid genotypes were more frequent than triploids and tetraploids worldwide. Genetic diversity was generally low and clonality appeared to be a main factor of diversification. The most likely evolutionary scenario supported an early divergence of mainland Southeast Asian and Pacific gene pools with continuous migration between them. The genetic make-up of triploids and tetraploids suggests that they have originated from these two regions before westward yam migration. The Indian Peninsula gene pool gave origin to the African gene pool, which was later introduced to the Caribbean region.ConclusionsOur results are congruent with the hypothesis of independent domestication origins of the two main Asian and Pacific gene pools. The low genetic diversity and high clonality observed suggest a strong domestication bottleneck followed by thousands of years of widespread vegetative propagation and polyploidization. Both processes reduced the extent of diversity available for breeding, and this is likely to threaten future adaptation.