bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drug-loaded and Blue-ray Filtered Hydrogel as a Potential Intraocular Lens for Cataract Treatment
Authors: Xiang Yang , Zou Mengwei , Zhang Ying , Jin Rongrong , Nie Yu 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Indomethacin (IND) is a class of non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory
drugs, which is used to treat various kinds of ocular inflammation, and has been reported to
prevent posterior capsule opacification (PCO) by inhibiting the mitosis and collagen synthesis
of human lens epithelial cells (LECs). In addition, the specific absorption spectrum of indomethacin
shows the effect of absorbing short-wavelength blue-violet light.

Objective:
We prepared an indomethacin-loaded hydrogel as a potential intraocular lens (IOLs)
material to prevent endophthalmitis, PCO and filter harmful blue light.

Methods:
Indomethacin prodrugs (HEMA-IND) (HI) were prepared by esterification of indomethacin
and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and poly (HEMA-co-MAA-co-MMA-co-
HI) (HAMI) hydrogels were prepared by free-radical polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate
(HEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methacrylic acid (MAA) and HI. The physical
and chemical properties of obtained hydrogel were detected, including optical, morphology,
thermomechanical and surface properties, equilibrium water content, drug release behaviors and
cytotoxicity.

Results:
HAMI hydrogels can filter harmful short-wavelength blue light and show other necessary
properties like visible light transparency, glass transition temperatures, mechanical
strength, and biocompatibility for making intraocular lenses. Meanwhile, MAA increases the
hydrophilicity of the hydrogels, resulting in a lower water contact angle and controllable drug
release from the hydrogels.

Conclusion:
In summary, HAMI hydrogels show a great potential as IOL biomaterials that can
maintain the sustained release of indomethacin and filter harmful blue light after cataract surgery.

Lay Summary:
People with cataract surgery can be at high risk of postoperative complications,
such as PCO and postoperative endophthalmitis. Moreover, early IOLs allowed all ultraviolet
(UV) and visible light to pass through retina without restriction, thus to damage the retina and
the retinal pigment epithelium, which may lead to retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration
(AMD). Herein, we sought to design and prepare a kind of IOLs loaded with indomethacin
to mitigate those postoperative complications and filter harmful blue light to improve the
treatment prognosis.
Enhancing Security in Key Management Using Hybrid Cache Supported One Way Hash Chain Technique
Authors: Rajkumar N. , Kannan E. 
Published: March 2020

Background:
Collusion resistance is preserving the value generated at individual nodes
secret so that if any nodes share the information together or collude with each other, the secret values
cannot be revealed.It is really a challenging task to securely resist the collusion of cloud server
and users Collusion resistance also involves growing the number of people.

Objective:
Users can achieve an effective and economical approach for data sharing among group members in the cloud with the characters of low maintenance and little management cost.

Method:
Hybrid Cache supported One way hash chain Technique.

Result:
To test with the sparse caching HHCS and one-way hash chain model and the various
sparse caching configurations are fully implemented by this work. Multiple situations and various
scenarios are considered in the experiments and tests for the estimation of HHCS’ performance. The
results which are measured in terms of storage units needed for the completion of one internet session
and in terms of efficiency (which is the number of hash operations done in one session) are
compared and then contrasted.

Conclusion:
Security improvement is proposed in this paper in group key management method, in
order to solve the issue of collusion attack between whole members of the group for a secure group
communication. It is shown that using lightweight is easy for the implementation of sparse caching
method which can greatly improve the cryptographic one-way hash chain method’s performance
which is used widely, for securing the transmission of data in cloud by using two levels of security
scheme. A memory-times computation complexity metric has been introduced to help choose the
best size of cache depending on storage requirements of the cloud application. For demonstrating
various connection behaviors, various cache spacing methods have been evaluated. This paper presented
and evaluated the potential of hybrid solution in which one-way hash chains which are divided
are provided with caching capacities in order to store the values of session key and retrieve them
when needed for authenticating a user session. Lower computational overhead is achieved by us as
measured by the count of hash operations and computation time needed to give protection.
Temporal Expression Classification and Normalization From Chinese Narrative Clinical Texts: Pattern Learning Approach
Authors: Pan Xiaoyi , Chen Boyu , Weng Heng , Gong Yongyi , Qu Yingying 
Published: March 2020

Background
Temporal information frequently exists in the representation of the disease progress, prescription, medication, surgery progress, or discharge summary in narrative clinical text. The accurate extraction and normalization of temporal expressions can positively boost the analysis and understanding of narrative clinical texts to promote clinical research and practice.

Objective
The goal of the study was to propose a novel approach for extracting and normalizing temporal expressions from Chinese narrative clinical text.

Methods
TNorm, a rule-based and pattern learning-based approach, has been developed for automatic temporal expression extraction and normalization from unstructured Chinese clinical text data. TNorm consists of three stages: extraction, classification, and normalization. It applies a set of heuristic rules and automatically generated patterns for temporal expression identification and extraction of clinical texts. Then, it collects the features of extracted temporal expressions for temporal type prediction and classification by using machine learning algorithms. Finally, the features are combined with the rule-based and a pattern learning-based approach to normalize the extracted temporal expressions.

Results
The evaluation dataset is a set of narrative clinical texts in Chinese containing 1459 discharge summaries of a domestic Grade A Class 3 hospital. The results show that TNorm, combined with temporal expressions extraction and temporal types prediction, achieves a precision of 0.8491, a recall of 0.8328, and a F1 score of 0.8409 in temporal expressions normalization.

Conclusions
This study illustrates an automatic approach, TNorm, that extracts and normalizes temporal expression from Chinese narrative clinical texts. TNorm was evaluated on the basis of discharge summary data, and results demonstrate its effectiveness on temporal expression normalization.
ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ORIGANUM COMPACTUM BENTH FROM TAOUNATE PROVINCE, NORTH MOROCCO
Authors: ZEROUAL AHMED , ELOUTASSI NOUREDDINE , CHAOUCH MAHDI , CHAQROUNE ABDELLAH 
Published: March 2020

Objective: Origanum compactum is one of the most important medicinal species in terms of ethnobotany in Morocco. It attracts the attention of several research works; however, its chemical composition under local conditions is not well documented. Here, we aimed at determining essential oil chemical composition, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of organic extracts of O. compactum.
Methods: Antimicrobial activities were assessed against four strains (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans). Antioxidant activities were estimated by radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity. Polyphenols and flavonoids were determined. Chemical composition was screened using gas chromatography.
Results: Our results showed that yield extracts varied significantly among solvents and ranged from 10.30% (n-hexane) to 31.70% (methanolic). Methanolic extracts had the highest values of yield, polyphenols, and flavonoids, while n-hexane extracts showed the lowest values of yield and polyphenols. Regarding antimicrobial activities, E. coli showed the most important activity. Concerning antioxidant activities, n-hexane extracts had the most important activity. The phytochemical screening revealed 12 compounds. Among them, γ-Terpinene, o-Cymene, and carvacrol were the major compounds (around 73% of total chemical compounds).
Conclusion: It could be concluded that the studied plant might be a promising source of chemical compounds responsible for important biological activities.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON DIABETES PATIENTS ALONG WITH PATIENT INTERACTION AND COUNSELING
Authors: K VIVEKANANDAN , E BHAVYA , N HARIKRISHNAN 
Published: March 2020

Objective: The main objective was to study the prevalence of diabetes and to create the awareness of the diseases among the peoples who visited and admitted in tertiary care hospital at Chennai.
Methods: This study was carried out at Sir Ivan Stedford Hospital in Chennai. The data were collected from the outpatient department of diabetology. In our study, 150 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients were selected, which include visited or admitted in the hospitals. The pilot study used to observe DM patient for 3 months and the outcome was recorded. As per the standard guidelines, patient data collection form was prepared and got approval from diabetologist for collected patient data and pharmaceutical care issues.
Results: A total of 150 cases were collected for this study. The epidemiological evaluation study has expresses that female patients were more when compared to male patients. The survey results indicate that 62 numbers are literate people and 88 of them are illiterate. As per the survey, the results indicate that the diet followers are 92 and non-followers are 58. The findings show that in patients doing exercise are more when compared to non-exerciser. The alcohol consumers show 42 of DM patients. The survey results show that 42 peoples are alcohol consumers and 46 peoples are smokers.
Conclusion: The survey on epidemiological study on diabetes patients demonstrated the prevalence of DM and the patient’s adherence to diabetic care. In our study, we guided patients based on their diet and exercise through counseling. As a pharmacist, we render our services to patients.
Qual o melhor anestésico local para meu paciente? Tabela das condições sistêmicas encontradas na clínica odontológica e a sua relação na escolha do sal anestésico e vasoconstritor
Authors: Resende Rodrigo 
Published: March 2020

RESUMOO uso de soluções anestésicas é realizada quase que diariamente pelos profissionais de odontologia. Entretanto, os anestésicos locais disponíveis no mercado apresentam-se sob a forma de soluções com composições e concentrações variadas, tanto com relação ao sal anestésico, vasoconstritor e seu preservativo. Talvez, pela grande variedade de associações, possa surgir diversas dúvidas quanto à melhor escolha durante a prática clínica diária, principalmente quando o mesmo apresenta algum tipo de doença sistêmica. Com isso, o objetivo desse trabalho é realizar uma revisão de literatura das melhores indicações e possíveis contraindicações de soluções anestésicas locais disponíveis no mercado nacional, relacionando com doenças sistêmicas que comumente são atendidas na clínica odontológica.Palavras – Chave: Odontologia; Anestésico local; Cirurgia oral. ABSTRACT The use of anesthetic solutions is performed almost daily by dental professionals. However, the local anesthetics available on the market come in the form of solutions with varying compositions and concentrations, both with respect to the anesthetic salt, vasoconstrictor and its preservative. Perhaps, due to the wide variety of associations, several doubts may arise regarding the best choice during daily clinical practice, especially when it presents some type of systemic disease. Thus, the objective of this work is to carry out a literature review of the best indications and possible contraindications for local anesthetic solutions available in the national market, relating to systemic diseases that are commonly seen in the dental clinic. Key words: Dentistry; Local anesthetic; Oral surgery.
Practical Modelling in Treehouse Development
Authors: Babris Matijs , Bratuškins Uģis 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Up-to-date nature tourism trends witness a growth of customer-oriented unique experiences. The present paper explores the potential of treehouses in nature tourism development in Latvia by providing unique and authentic experiences. Using the method of practical modelling several distinct treehouse construction methods are compared considering regional differences and different use cases. To achieve the set goal, three separate practical modelling workshops in different municipalities in Latvia were organised during the summer holidays of 2016–2018. History and construction types of treehouses were analysed as well as 30 experts from the local municipalities, treehouse companies, workshop participants, clients and customers were interviewed. The presented study is based on the 4-year experience of participation in several European treehouse workshops and organisation of the local treehouse activities and events in Latvia as well as learnings from managing an outdoor recreation company “Movement Spontaneous” and co-founding the Latvian Outdoor Association “Outdoor Club Latvia” in 2018.
The Recycling of News in Swedish Newspapers: Reused quotations and reports in articles about the crisis in the Swedish Academy in 2018
Authors: Skärlund Sanna 
Published: March 2020

Abstract
Newspapers in Sweden are experiencing reduced revenues due to decreases in advertisement sales and reader subscriptions. Given such circumstances, one way of being more cost-effective is for journalists to recycle pieces of texts already published by others. In this article, I investigate to what extent and how the four biggest newspapers in Sweden do this. Following a close reading of 120 articles about the crisis in the Swedish Academy in 2018, I found that the newspapers included recycled quotations attributed to other media to a great extent. Moreover, recycled statements from other media were often intermingled with quotes from new interviews; however, social media were not used as sources very often. A discussion of the problematic aspects of “a culture of self-referentiality” concludes the article.
ANALISIS SISTEM ANTRIAN DI DIREKTORAT KEUANGAN UNIVERSITAS HALMAHERA
Authors: Kaseside Meidy Kaseside , Lahengking Ravenska Tiffany , Dalengkade Mario Nikolaus 
Published: March 2020

Fenomena suatu antrian dan waktu layanan yang terjadi di direktorat keuangan Universitas Halmahera dapat dijabarkan menggunakan suatu konsep matematika mengenai distribusi peluang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa model antrian yakni secara individu. Hasil uji Poisson memperlihatkan 0,03<=0,9982 sehingga, proses antrian di direktorat keuangan universitas Halmahera berdistribusi Poisson.Sedangkan analisis waktu layanan yakni 4,606>0,352 maka, disimpulkan waktu layanan tidak berdistribusi eksponensial. Penyebab di tolaknya waktu layanan karena h1 sejak pukul 09.00‒12.00 tidak ada antrian saat layanan di kantor direktorat keuangan.
Are tensions beneficial or detrimental for the enterprise’s mainstream and new stream innovation? A paradox perspective
Authors: Bin Zhu , Dashuai Ren 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: In order to achieve sustainable and competitive advantages, enterprises must develop mainstream and new stream innovation simultaneously so as to achieve the short-term performance as well as the long-term competitive advantage. However, the funding and time resources owned by enterprises are often restricted, which make the tensions and competitive demands pervasive in the process of developing the mainstream and new stream innovation. Furthermore, the relationship between tensions and organizational innovation remains controversial and related empirical researches are rare. OBJECTIVE: Based on the paradox theory and ambidexterity innovation theory, we divide organizational innovation into mainstream- and new stream innovation, aiming to discuss the different influences of experiencing tensions on the two different types of organizational innovation. In addition, we aimed to explore the role of leaders’ paradox mindset in the relationship of experiencing tension and mainstream- and new stream innovation. METHODS: Our research uses regression analysis to perform hypothesis testing. The survey data of 226 small and medium-sized enterprises are used to conduct empirical tests on the hypothesis proposed in our research. RESULTS: The results display that resource scarcity is the source of organizational tensions, and leaders’ paradox mindset moderate the effects experiencing tensions on mainstream- and new stream innovation and moderate the indirect effect of resource scarcity through tensions on mainstream- and new stream innovation. CONCLUSIONS: Organizations will encounter a lot of contradictions and competitive demands in the process of developing mainstream- and new stream innovation. Effective leaders must learn to get comfort from their discomfort and effectively manage tensions. This study promotes movement in this direction and contributes to the resolution of the paradox of organizational innovation. We hope that our research fuels additional investigations to uncover approaches to tensions.
Does competitive advantage mediate the effect of competency, innovation, and reputation on the performance of rural banks?
Authors: Harun Harmani , Rahman Lubis A. , Darsono Nurdasila , Djalil Muslim A. , Chan Syafruddin 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: In the last few decades, the rural bank has a focus of both researchers and policy-makers as it plays a crucial role in promoting the welfare of lower-income groups in most of the underdeveloped and developing countries, including Indonesia. However, as the newly established micro-financing institutions, as compared to the well-established large-scale commercial banks in the country, these micro-financing institutions have been perceived to have a lower level of competitiveness and performance. OBJECTIVE: Thus, this study explores and analyzes factors of core competency, innovation, and reputation in determining the competitiveness and performance of the rural banks ( Bank Perkreditan Rakyat - BPRs) in Aceh, Indonesia. It also attempts to empirically investigate and analyze the mediated effect of competitive advantage on the influences of core competency, innovation, and reputation on performance of the BPRs in the country. METHODS: 350 employees at the 16 BPRs in 7 districts in Aceh province, Indonesia were selected as respondents of the study using the stratified random sampling technique. The study used the structural equation modeling analysis to examine the interrelationships among the variables, to answer the objectives of the study. RESULTS: The study found a positive influence of the core competency, innovation, and reputation on the BPRs’ competitive advantage. Except for the BPRs’ reputation, all variables positively affected the BPRs’ performance. Finally, the study found a significant partial mediated effect of competitive advantage on the relationship between core competency and innovation to the BPRs’ performance and a significant full mediated effect of competitive advantage on the relationship between reputation and the BPRs’ performance. CONCLUSIONS: These findings imply that all efforts to enhance the BPRs’ performance should be focused on the improvement of competitive advantage based on enhancing the competency, innovation, and reputation of the BPRs.
The effectiveness of institutional structures to minimize concerns in fantasy sports sites: Psychological contract violation mitigation
Authors: Hazarika Bidyut , Mousavi Reza , Rea Alan 
Published: March 2020

BACKGROUND: As the growth of the Internet continues to impact the way that individuals and businesses interact, companies are forced to bring new online markets to the forefront of their strategic business decisions. In recent years online innovations in Internet content offerings have produced a myriad of highly interactive fantasy sports sites designed to entice users to wage funds on sports team. Although factors such as accessibility and anonymity encourage people to wager online, many hesitate to wager for reasons that must be examined if online fantasy sports (OFS) sites are to innovate and thrive. OBJECTIVE: Although research findings suggest that users have questioned the legitimacy and fairness of online fantasy sports sites, issues of trust do not yet appear to be negatively influencing the industry’s growth. Users continue to spend large sums of money without high confidence in OFS sites. To understand why this might be the case, we conducted a preliminary study to examine the nature and role of psychological contract violation (PCV) in OFS sites.Our research examines how OFS users’ past experiences and the perceived reputation of OFS sites influence psychological contract violation (PCV), as well as perceived institutional effectiveness as it pertains to OFS sites’ features and products. We also investigate the effect of institutional effectiveness on users’ concerns and their behavioral intentions. METHODS: We implemented previously validated scales to survey OFS users and test our hypothesized model. The original sample size included 198 individuals. After removing the incomplete and non-fantasy sports site user responses, the final sample dropped to 142. PLS-SEM was used to analyze measurement and structural models. RESULTS: Initial results suggest that OFS users have concerns about transactional information even though they tend to be less risk adverse than non-OFS users. Our study also found that psychological contract violation minimizes users’ protection perceptions concerning overall OFS structures’ effectiveness. CONCLUSIONS: This study creates new knowledge about minimizing risks in online fantasy sports sites, thereby assisting businesses that want to increase user participation and transactions.
Regional Amyloid Accumulation and White Matter Integrity in Cognitively Normal Individuals
Authors: Wang Ya-Juan , Hu Hao , Yang Yu-Xiang , Zuo Chuan-Tao , Tan Lan , Yu Jin-Tai ,   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: March 2020

Background: Recent studies have shown that amyloid-β (Aβ) burden influenced white matter (WM) integrity before the onset of dementia. Objective: To assess whether the effects of Aβ burden on WM integrity in cognitively normal (CN) individuals were regionally specific. Methods: Our cohort consisted of 71 CNs from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database who underwent both AV45 amyloid-PET and diffusion tensor imaging. Standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) was computed across four bilateral regions of interest (ROIs) corresponding to four stages of in vivo amyloid staging model (Amyloid stages I–IV). Linear regression models were conducted in entire CN group and between APOE ɛ4 carriers and non-carriers. Results: Our results indicated that higher global Aβ-SUVR was associated with higher mean diffusivity (MD) in the entire CN group ( p = 0.023), and with both higher MD ( p = 0.015) and lower fractional anisotropy (FA) ( p = 0.026) in APOE ɛ4 carriers. Subregion analysis showed that higher Amyloid stage I-II Aβ-SUVRs were associated with higher MD (Stage-1: p = 0.030; Stage-2: p = 0.016) in the entire CN group, and with both higher MD (Stage-1: p = 0.004; Stage-2: p = 0.010) and lower FA (Stage-1: p = 0.022; Stage-2: p = 0.014) in APOE ɛ4 carriers. No associations were found in APOE ɛ4 non-carriers and in Amyloid stage III-IV ROIs. Conclusions: Our results indicated that the effects of Aβ burden on WM integrity in CNs might be regionally specific, particularly in Amyloid stage I-II ROIs, and modulated by APOE ɛ4 status.