bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Meteorology-Oceanography Factors on Spatial Distribution of Oil and Grease Pollutant in Donan Estuary, Cilacap
Authors: Trenggono Mukti , Virginia Melody , Syakti Agung Dhamar 
Published: August 2020

Donan Estuary is one of the watershed impacted by anthropogenic activities which more particularly from industry and shipping releasing environmental pollutants i.e. oil and grease. Analysis of oil and grease distribution due to meteorology-oceanography factors used spatial analysis method from primary data was taken on June 2017. This research aims to understand the spatial distribution of the concentration of oil and grease in Donan Estuary and to asses the influence of meteorology-oceanography condition on oil and grease distribution. Our research showed oil and grease concentrations varied among the studied area. The higher concentration of oil and grease were found at station 3 while lower concentration was observed at station 12, closed to Penyu Bay. Accordingly, such differences might be due to the different sources of pollutants and different meteorology-oceanography parameter characteristics that affect oil and grease distribution. For instance, oil and grease concentration was inversely proportional to current velocity. Based on tidal current, oil and grease were move forward to the South, West and South East at low tide and move to North and West at high tide. We noted that the direction of wind gave the low influence to oil and grease movement. The high concentration of oil and grease in each station were followed by Total Suspended Solid (TSS) enhancement. On the other hand, temperature has an effect on evaporation process of oil and grease volatile fraction.
Sex Ratio and Growth Pattern of Coconut Crabs <i>Birgus latro</i> (Crustacea, Decapoda, Cianobitidae) in North Moluccas Province, Indonesia
Authors: Serosero Rugaya , Sulistiono Sulistiono , Butet Nurlisa A. , Riani Etty 
Published: August 2020

Coconut crab (Birgus latro) is a crustacean that has a large size until four kilograms. The study aimed to analyze sex ratio and growth pattern including the relationship of thorax length - body weight, thorax width - body weight and cephalothorax length plus rostrum - body weight in Daeo (Morotai Island), Laigoma (South Halmahera District) and Fitako (North Halmahera District). The sex ratio was determined using χ2 test and the growth pattern was tested by the b value through t test. The results showed sex ratio of 1: 0.9 in Daeo (n = 581), 1: 0.6 in Laigoma (n = 24), and 1: 2 in Fitako (n = 31). The relationship of thorax length, thorax width and cephalothorax length plus rostrum with body weight were strongly correlated (R2> 70%). The growth pattern of coconut crab in Daeo was negative allometric, while in Laigoma and Fitako were negative allometric and isometric.
Incidencia de motivos para consumir alcohol involucrados en su ingesta en habitantes de la zona Bajío de México
Authors: Palacios Jorge Raúl , González Zurita Sandra 
Published: August 2020

Objetivo. Determinar el efecto que tienen los motivos para beber alcohol sobre el consumo de alcohol en habitantes de la zona Bajío en México. Método. Participaron 174 personas, 39.1% hombres y 60.9% mujeres, con un rango de edad entre 15 y 64 años (M= 31.26 años, DE = 13.6). El 42.4% son de la Ciudad de Querétaro, el 47.1% de la ciudad de Guanajuato y el 10.3% de la Ciudad de México. Para identificar los motivos por los cuales consumen alcohol se empleó la escala de motivos para consumir alcohol de Palacios (2012). Resultados. Los resultados revelan que el 81% ha consumido alcohol en el último año, con un consumo excesivo del 40.2% y un promedio de 6.5 copas con las que consideran alcanzar la embriaguez. Se encontraron asociaciones positivas entre los cuatro motivos (bienestar, reducción de emociones negativas, social cognitivo y situacional) para consumir alcohol, así como con el consumo intensivo de alcohol. Conclusiones. Se destaca que los motivos situacionales y/o sociales son el mejor predictor para estimar el riesgo del consumo de alcohol en la muestra, por lo que es uno de los principales motivos que elicítan el consumo con una elevada frecuencia. Se analizan los principales motivos de consumos hasta llegar a la embriaguez y se proponen alternativas para estructurar planes y estrategias de prevención eficaces.
Análisis bibliométrico, de redes sociales y citas en Google Académico de las tesis doctorales defendidas en España sobre adicciones (1976-2018)
Authors: Segarra-Saavedra Jesús , Villena-Alarcón Eduardo 
Published: August 2020

Se presenta un estudio descriptivo longitudinal retrospectivo de las tesis doctorales sobre adicciones presentadas en España hasta el año 2018, un análisis de las redes sociales establecidas entre los tribunales de evaluación de las mismas, así como un estudio cuantitativo de las citas o autocitas obtenidas en Google Scholar. Objetivo. Conocer la producción científica española en torno a las adicciones presente en Teseo, la configuración de sus tribunales y su alcance. Método. Análisis bibliométrico, de redes sociales y un análisis cuantitativo de citas. Resultados. Se identificaron 113 tesis defendidas desde 1975 pero principalmente en el quinquenio 2011-2015 (19) y desarrolladas por mujeres (59,3%). Desde 1996 la producción femenina supera a la masculina y desde 2006 casi la duplica. “Adicción”, “adicciones” y “cocaína” son los términos más frecuentes. Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) y Universitat de València (UV) son las universidades más productivas mientras que Maldonado López, Rodríguez de Fonseca y Secades Villa los principales directores. Los tribunales están presididos principalmente por hombres (82,3%) y su actuación como secretarios desciende (56,6%). Conclusiones. Existe una paulatina producción de tesis doctorales en España sobre adicciones. Atendiendo al sexo, hay diferencias entre producir tesis doctorales, dirigirlas y presidir los tribunales de evaluación.
High Preoperative Serum sVCAM-1 Concentration as a Predictor of Early Ovarian Cancer Recurrence
Authors: Jakimovska Marina , Černe Katarina , Verdenik Ivan , Kobal Borut 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Role of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) in ovarian cancer is largely unclear. It was shown that mesothelial expression mediates tumour cell invasion and is associated with metastases in advanced ovarian cancer. Material and methods: In our prospective study we measured preoperative serum sVCAM-1 in 37 patients with advanced ovarian cancer and evaluated correlation with disease recurrence. Serum samples were obtained prior to surgery, ascites was collected during the surgery and all analysed by flow cytometric bead-based assay. ROC analysis was used to identify a cut-off value for sVCAM-1. Survival curves were calculated using Kaplan-Meier method. The association between sVCAM-1 and survival was investigated with Cox regression models, adjusting for age at surgery. A p of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: Mean sVCAM-1 serum concentration in all patients before operation was 1564.68 ± 435.65 ng/ml while mean ascites level was 801.84 ±244.35 ng/ml. Follow up period was minimum 27 and the maximum 58 months. Patients were divided in two groups according to time to recurrence. Group A: 20 patients with disease progress or relapse within 12 months (mean serum level 1660.54±417.93 ng/ml; mean ascites level 827.92±290.36) and group B: 17 patients with tumour relapse after more than 12 months (mean serum level 451.91±441.15ng/ml; mean ascites level 771.16±179.93). There was a correlation between serum and ascites concentrations in group A and not in the patients from group B. The statistically significant difference was observed in serum concentration but not in ascites concentrations of sVCAM-1, There were no differences in grade, histology and stage of the tumour between the groups. sVCAM-1 and age resulted correlated (Spearman r=0.32, p=0.048). In Cox regression models after adjusting for age at surgery, sVCAM-1 above 1,400 ng/ml was associated with impaired DFS (hazard ratio 3.824; 95% confidence interval 1.460 to 9.374; p=0.003) and impaired OS (hazard ratio 13.394; 95% confidence interval 1.693 to 105.3985; p=0.014. ﻿Conclusions: This is the first study demonstrating that higher serum sVCAM-1 concentrations at the time of diagnosis might be predictive for early relapse. Serum sVCAM-1 can be potential marker for ovarian cancer follow-up.
Total Knee Arthroplasty with and without Tourniquet: Comparative study
Authors: Hamawandi Sherwan , Amin Hazhar I. , Al-Humairi Ameer Kadhim 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background The use of tourniquet during complete knee arthroplasty (TKA) improves protection and reduces blood loss intraoperative. Turniquet use, however, may also have a negative impact after TKA on early recovery of muscle strength and lower extremity function. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effect of tourniquet use in TKA on surgery length, need for blood transfusion, and amount of postoperative blood drainage by suction drain, incidence of postoperative wound hematoma, postoperative thigh pain, and early mobilization.Methods Seventy Patients are involved in this study and were divided into two groups; Group A (35) patients were treated with TKA with pneumatic thigh tourniquet. Group B (35) patients were treated with TKA without tourniquet. All patients were suffering from severe knee osteoarthritis and they failed to respond to conservative treatment so they are candidates for primary TKA. The two groups are matched related to age and gender. Selection of patients into two groups done randomly with regard of odd number for group A and even number for group B.Results The results showed no significant difference regarding age, gender, postoperative DVT and wound hematoma between group A (when tourniquet was used) and group B (when tourniquet was not used) although we have 2 patients developed DVT and 3 patients had wound hematoma in group A but these are statistically not significant. Regarding post-operative VAS for thigh pain was significantly less in group B and this will result in early mobilization. Also there was significant difference in duration of surgery between two groups with less time in group A due to bloodless field of tourniquet while there was significantly more postoperative drainage amount of blood through the surgical drains in group A and significantly more amount of blood transfusion perioperatively in group B which explain that tourniquet can reduce the total amount of blood loss in TKA.Conclusion There is significant effect of tourniquet in TKA on thigh pain postoperatively, which will effect postoperative mobilization and rehabilitation. Also the tourniquet can result in significant reduction in time of operation, total blood loss and amount of blood transfusion.
General and Tuberculosis-Specific Service Readiness in two states in Nigeria
Authors: Oluwasanu Mojisola , Hassan Abiodun , Adebayo Ayodeji , Ogbuji Queen Chidinma , Adeniyi Bamidele Olaiya , Adewole David , Ladipo Oladapo Alabi , Ajuwon Grace , Ajuwon Ademola 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background : Tuberculosis is the world’s deadliest infectious disease and a leading cause of death in Nigeria. The availability of a functional healthcare system is critical for effective TB service delivery and attainment of national and global targets. This study was designed to assess readiness for TB service delivery in Oyo and Anambra states of Nigeria.

Methods: This was a facility-based study with a mixed-methods convergent parallel design. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 42 primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare facilities in two TB high burden states. Data were collected using key informant interviews, a semi-structured instrument adapted from the WHO Service Availability and Readiness Assessment tool and facility observation using a checklist. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics while qualitative data were transcribed and analysed thematically. Data from both sources were integrated to generate conclusions.

Results: The domain score for basic amenities in both states is 48.8%; 47.0% in Anambra and 50.8% in Oyo state with 95% confidence interval [-15.29, 7.56]. In Oyo, only half of the facilities (50%) have access to constant power supply compared to 72.7% in Anambra state. The overall general service readiness index for both states is 69.2% with Oyo state having a higher value (73.3%) compared to Anambra with 65.4% (p=0.56). The domain score for availability of staff and TB guidelines is 57.1% for both states with 95% confidence interval [-13.8, 14.4]. Indicators of this domain with very low values were staff training for the management of HIV and TB co-infection and training on MDR -TB. Almost half (47.6%) experienced a stock out of TB drugs in the 3 months preceding the study. The overall tuberculosis-specific service readiness index for both states is 75%; this was higher in Oyo (76.5%) than Anambra state (73.6%) (p=0.14). Qualitative data revealed areas of deficiencies for TB service delivery such as inadequate infrastructure, poor staffing, and gaps with continuing education on TB management.

Conclusions : The weak health system remains a challenge and there must be concerted actions and funding by the government and donors to improve the TB healthcare systems.
Configurations for obtaining in-consultation assistance from supervisors in general practice training, and patient-related barriers to trainee help-seeking: a survey study.
Authors: Sturman Nancy , Tapley Amanda , Driel Mieke van , Holliday Elizabeth , Ball Jean , Davey Andrew , Fielding Alison , Fitzgerald Kristen , Spike Neil , Magin Parker 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background General practice (GP) trainees may seek supervisor assistance to complete their patient consultations. This in-consultation assistance plays a key role in the supervisory oversight of trainees and in trainee learning. It may be obtained face-to-face, or using phone or messaging systems, and either in front of patients or outside their hearing. Trainee concerns about decreased patient impressions of their competence, and discomfort presenting patients within their hearing, act as barriers to seeking help during consultations. Little is known about the frequency and associations of trainee concerns about these patient-related barriers, or the various trainee-supervisor-patient configurations used to obtain in-consultation assistance. Methods Australian GP trainees rated their frequency of use of five specific configurations for obtaining in-consultation assistance, perceived change in patient impressions of their competence after this assistance, and relative trainee comfort presenting patients outside, compared to within, patients’ hearing. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression. Results Responses were received from 778 Australian GP trainees (response rate 89%). Help-seeking configurations did not differ between trainees at different training stages, except for greater use of electronic messaging in later stages. In-consultation assistance was most commonly provided by phone between trainee and supervisor consulting rooms, or outside the trainee’s patient’s hearing. Supervisor assistance in the trainee’s room face-to-face with the patient was reported as either never or rarely obtained by 12% of respondents. More trainees (25%) perceived that patient impressions of their competence increased after help-seeking than perceived that these impressions decreased (19%). Most trainees (55%) preferred to present patients outside their hearing. Trainee age was the only variable associated with both patient-related barriers. Conclusion Supervisors appear to have considerable influence over trainee help-seeking, including which configurations are used and trainee perceptions of patient-related barriers. In-consultation supervision may actually increase trainee perceptions of patient impressions of their competence. Many supervisors and trainees may benefit from additional educational and workplace interventions to facilitate comfortable and effective trainee help-seeking in front of patients. More work is required to understand the clinical and educational implications of different help-seeking configurations when trainees require ‘just in time’ supervisor assistance.
Characterization of Codon Usage Pattern in SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Hou Wei 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed significant threats to international health. The genetic traits as well as evolutionary processes in this novel coronavirus are not fully characterized, and their roles in viral pathogenesis are yet largely unknown. To get a better picture of the codon architecture of this newly emerging coronavirus, in this study we perform bioinformatic analysis, based on publicly available nucleotide sequences of SARS-CoV-2 along with those of other members of human coronaviruses as well as non-human coronaviruses in different hosts, to take a snapshot of the genome-wide codon usage pattern of SARS-CoV-2 and uncover that all over-represented codons end with A/U and this newly emerging coronavirus has a relatively low codon usage bias, which is shaped by both mutation pressure and natural selection. Additionally, there is slight variation in the codon usage pattern among the SARS-CoV-2 isolates from different geo-locations. Furthermore, the overall codon usage pattern of SARS-CoV-2 is generally similar to that of its phylogenetic relatives among non-human betacoronaviruses such as RaTG13. Taken together, we comprehensively analyze the characteristics of codon usage pattern in SARS-CoV-2 via bioinformatic approaches. The information from this research may not only be helpful to get new insights into the evolution of SARS-CoV-2, but also have potential value for developing coronavirus vaccines.
Functional biomarker signatures of circulating T-cells and its association with distinct clinical status of leprosy patients and their respective household contacts
Authors: Marçal Pedro Henrique Ferreira , Gama Rafael Silva , Pereira Lorena Bruna de Oliveira , Filho Olindo Assis Martins , Pinheiro Roberta Olmo , Sarno Euzenir Nunes , Moraes Milton Ozório , Fraga Lucia Alves de Oliveira 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease classified into two subgroups for therapeutic purposes: paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB), closely related to the host immune responses. In this context it is noteworthy looking for immunological biomarkers applicable as complementary diagnostic tools as well as a laboratorial strategy to detect subclinical leprosy in household contacts. Methods: The main goal of the present study was to characterize the global cytokine signatures of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells from leprosy patients with distinct clinical forms and their respective household contacts (HHC) upon in vitro antigen-specific stimuli. Short-term culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was done. After incubation, cells were harvested and prepared for surface and intracytoplasmic cytokine staining Results: The cytokine signature analysis demonstrated that leprosy patients presented a polyfunctional profile of T-cells subsets, with increased frequency of IFN-g+ T-cell subsets along with IL-10+ and IL-4+ from CD4+ T-cells. Moreover, L(PB) displayed a polyfunctional profile characterized by enhanced percentage of IFN-g+, IL-10+ and IL-4+ produced by most T-cell subsets, as compared to L(MB) that presented a more restricted cytokine functional profile mediated by IL-10+ and IL-4+ T-cells with minor contribution of IFN-g produced by CD4+ T-cells. Noteworthy was that HHC(MB) exhibited enhanced frequency of IFN-g+ T-cells, contrasting with HHC(PB) that presented a cytokine profile limited to IL-10 and IL-4. Conclusions: Together, our findings provide additional immunological features associated with leprosy and household contacts. These data provide evidence that biomarkers of immune response can be useful complementary diagnostic/prognostic tools as well as insights that household contacts may present subclinical infection.
Perceptions of patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and their informal caregivers on palliative care as a treatment option: a qualitative study
Authors: Sarfo-Walters Catherine , Boateng Edward Appiah 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Background: Palliative care is increasingly becoming an accepted treatment choice for many individuals diagnosed with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Yet, its utilisation is non-existent in many lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study explored the perceptions of individuals with ESKD and their informal caregivers on palliative care as a treatment option for the disease in Ghana.Methods: This was a phenomenological study, with an in-depth analysis of data collected from nine individuals with ESKD and six informal caregivers through individual, face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The study was conducted in two renal centres within the Kumasi metropolis, Ghana among individuals with ESKD seeking care from both renal centres and their informal caregivers.Results: Three main themes were derived from this study – motivation for initiating haemodialysis, facing realities of haemodialysis, and considering palliative care. Participants felt that haemodialysis (HD) was not meeting their health expectations and demonstrated a general willingness to utilise palliative care if it would reduce suffering. Conclusions: This study has shown that individuals with ESKD or their informal caregivers would consider palliative care services, if available. It paves the way for discussions about Palliative care for ESKD to begin across renal centres within Ghana and other similar settings. Exploring perspectives of clinicians in such settings could inform strategies on how to implement Palliative care for ESKD management in such settings.