bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alterations and test–retest reliability of functional connectivity network measures in cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Gesierich Benno , Tuladhar Anil Man , ter Telgte Annemieke , Wiegertjes Kim , Konieczny Marek J. , Finsterwalder Sofia , Hübner Mathias , Pirpamer Lukas , Koini Marisa , Abdulkadir Ahmed , Franzmeier Nicolai , Norris David G. , Marques José P. , zu Eulenburg Peter , Ewers Michael , Schmidt Reinhold , de Leeuw Frank‐Erik , Duering Marco 
Published: February 2020

AbstractWhile structural network analysis consolidated the hypothesis of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) being a disconnection syndrome, little is known about functional changes on the level of brain networks. In patients with genetically defined SVD (CADASIL, n = 41) and sporadic SVD (n = 46), we independently tested the hypothesis that functional networks change with SVD burden and mediate the effect of disease burden on cognitive performance, in particular slowing of processing speed. We further determined test–retest reliability of functional network measures in sporadic SVD patients participating in a high‐frequency (monthly) serial imaging study (RUN DMC—InTENse, median: 8 MRIs per participant). Functional networks for the whole brain and major subsystems (i.e., default mode network, DMN; fronto‐parietal task control network, FPCN; visual network, VN; hand somatosensory‐motor network, HSMN) were constructed based on resting‐state multi‐band functional MRI. In CADASIL, global efficiency (a graph metric capturing network integration) of the DMN was lower in patients with high disease burden (standardized beta = −.44; p [corrected] = .035) and mediated the negative effect of disease burden on processing speed (indirect path: std. beta = −.20, p = .047; direct path: std. beta = −.19, p = .25; total effect: std. beta = −.39, p = .02). The corresponding analyses in sporadic SVD showed no effect. Intraclass correlations in the high‐frequency serial MRI dataset of the sporadic SVD patients revealed poor test–retest reliability and analysis of individual variability suggested an influence of age, but not disease burden, on global efficiency. In conclusion, our results suggest that changes in functional connectivity networks mediate the effect of SVD‐related brain damage on cognitive deficits. However, limited reliability of functional network measures, possibly due to age‐related comorbidities, impedes the analysis in elderly SVD patients.
Elevated Fructose and Uric Acid Through Aldose Reductase Contribute to Experimental and Human Alcoholic Liver Disease
Authors: Wang Min , Chen Wei‐Yang , Zhang Jingwen , Gobejishvili Leila , Barve Shirish S. , McClain Craig J. , Joshi‐Barve Swati 
Published: February 2020

Background and Aims
Alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD) is a common chronic liver disease worldwide with high morbidity and mortality, and no Food and Drug Administration–approved therapies. Fructose (dietary or endogenous), its metabolite uric acid, and aldose reductase (AR, the only endogenous enzyme that produces fructose) are strongly associated with the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the role of AR or its metabolites in ALD remains understudied and was examined using human specimens, cultured cells, and mouse model systems.

Approach and Results
We demonstrated in liver specimens from patients with alcoholic hepatitis, the AR up‐regulation and elevated AR metabolites (sorbitol, fructose, and uric acid), which correlated significantly with (1) increased lipid peroxidation byproducts and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, (2) decreased protective ER chaperones, and (3) greater cell death and liver injury. Furthermore, we established a causal role for AR in ALD by showing that the genetic deficiency of AR (knockout mice) prevented alcohol‐induced increase in harmful AR metabolites, toxic aldehydes, steatosis, ER stress, apoptosis, and liver injury. Finally, we demonstrated the therapeutic potential of pharmacological AR inhibition against alcohol‐induced hepatic injury in experimental ALD.

Conclusions
Our data demonstrate that hepatic AR up‐regulation, and consequent elevation in fructose, sorbitol and/or uric acid, are important factors contributing to alcohol‐induced steatosis, ER stress, apoptosis, and liver injury in both experimental and human ALD. Our study provides a strong rationale to evaluate AR as a potential therapeutic target and to test AR inhibitors to ameliorate alcohol‐induced liver injury.
Human papillomavirus prevalence and distribution in self‐collected samples from female university students in Maputo
Authors: Bule Yara Priscilla , Silva Jani , Carrilho Carla , Campos Carla , Sousa Hugo , Tavares Ana , Medeiros Rui 
Published: February 2020

AbstractObjectiveTo characterize human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and distribution among female university students in Maputo, Mozambique, and evaluate the determinants of HPV infection.MethodsA cross‐sectional study among 504 female university students between February and April 2017. Cervicovaginal self‐collected samples were analyzed for HPV genotypes by polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism and AnyplexTM II HPV28 Detection kit (Seegene®).ResultsThe prevalence of any HPV genotype was 28.6% (144/504). Single and multiple HPV infections were detected in 76 (15.1%) and 68 (13.5%) participants, respectively. Prevalence of high‐risk HPV was significantly higher than that of low‐risk HPV (P<0.001). HPV16 was the most frequent genotype, followed by HPV58, HPV66, HPV52, HPV18, HPV56, HPV61, and HPV70. The prevalence of genotypes covered by the bivalent, quadrivalent, and nonavalent vaccine was 14.3%, 15.9%, and 23.4%, respectively. Number of sexual partners over lifetime and in the past 12 months was associated with HPV infection (P<0.001 and P=0.039, respectively).ConclusionsKnowledge of HPV genotype‐specific prevalence among young women is important to set up strategies for HPV vaccination. The findings suggest that introduction of the nonavalent HPV vaccine might be the way forward in the present low‐resource setting. In addition, self‐sampling was useful for HPV detection and genotyping.
Bone in heart failure
Authors: Loncar Goran , Cvetinovic Natasa , Lainscak Mitja , Isaković Andjelka , von Haehling Stephan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThere is an increasing interest in osteoporosis and reduced bone mineral density affecting not only post‐menopausal women but also men, particularly with coexisting chronic diseases. Bone status in patients with stable chronic heart failure (HF) has been rarely studied so far. HF and osteoporosis are highly prevalent aging‐related syndromes that exact a huge impact on society. Both disorders are common causes of loss of function and independence, and of prolonged hospitalizations, presenting a heavy burden on the health care system. The most devastating complication of osteoporosis is hip fracture, which is associated with high mortality risk and among those who survive, leads to a loss of function and independence often necessitating admission to long‐term care. Current HF guidelines do not suggest screening methods or patient education in terms of osteoporosis or osteoporotic fracture. This review may serve as a solid base to discuss the need for bone health evaluation in HF patients.
Integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in the brains of BTBR mice
Authors: Wang Min , He Jing , Zhou Yun , Lv Na , Zhao Min , Wei Hongen , Li Rongshan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe BTBR T+ Itpr3tf (BTBR) mouse has developmental disorders in brain and many aberrant neuroanatomical structures and brain dysfunction. However, identification of the pathological mechanisms underlying abnormal brain development in the brains of BTBR mice is still lacking. Increasingly evidence showed that epigenetics plays an important role in the processes of brain development. In this study, we analyzed microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression profiles in the cortical brain tissue from BTBR mice, using RNA sequencing. As compared to C57BL/6J (B6) mice, 1,271 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 36 known differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were found in the brain from BTBR mice. The functional annotation and categories of DEGs and DEMs were analyzed. Integration analysis identified 103 known miRNA–mRNA interaction pairs. We further verified selected several genes and miRNAs which may be associated with brain development using quantitative RT‐PCR (qRT‐PCR). Finally, we speculate that reduced myelin‐associated oligodendrocytic basic protein and transmembrane proteins 260 may be linked with abnormal brain development in BTBR mice.
Bilateral symmetry in leg and joint stiffness in children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy during gait
Authors: Huang Hsing‐Po , Kuo Chien‐Chung , Lu Tung‐Wu , Wu Kuan‐Wen , Kuo Ken N. , Wang Ting‐Ming 
Published: February 2020

AbstractDeviations are often identified at individual joints in the gait analysis of patients with cerebral palsy. Previous gait studies on hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP) have focused mainly on deviations of the affected side. The current study aimed to quantify and compare the joint and leg stiffness, the contributions of skeletal and muscular components, and the associated joint angles and moments of the affected and nonaffected lower limbs during level walking in children with spastic HCP. A total of 12 children with spastic HCP and 12 healthy controls walked at a self‐selected speed in a gait laboratory while their kinematic and forceplate data were measured and analyzed during loading response, midstance, terminal stance, and preswing. The altered joint kinematics and kinetics in the nonaffected limb in the HCP group appeared to be mainly a compensatory strategy to minimize the bilateral asymmetry in leg stiffness during the double‐limb support phase and joint stiffness during the entire stance phase. The current results suggest that therapeutic planning and decision‐making for children with HCP should consider not only the mechanics of the affected side but also the control of the nonaffected side.
Patient and surgical variability in the primary stability of cementless acetabular cups: A finite element study
Authors: O'Rourke Dermot , Taylor Mark 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAseptic loosening is the most common indication for revision of cementless acetabular cups and often depends on the primary stability achieved following surgery. Cup designs must be capable of achieving primary stability for a wide variety of individuals and surgical conditions to be successful. Typically, preclinical finite element (FE) testing of cups involves assessing the performance in a single patient and under a limited set of idealized conditions. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of patient and surgical parameters on the primary stability of an acetabular cup design in a set of subject‐specific FE models. Interference fit was varied in a representative set of 12 patient‐specific models of the implanted hemipelvis. Linear mixed models showed a significant association with micromotion for interference fit (P < .0001), acetabular bone elastic modulus (P < .001), native acetabular diameter (P  = .03), and the interference fit‐elastic modulus interaction (P = .01). There were no significant associations between the polar gap and any of the parameters considered. The significant interference fit‐elastic modulus interaction suggests that increasing the interference fit in patients with low bone quality leads to a greater reduction in micromotion than in patients with higher bone quality. However, the significant association between percentage bone yielding and interference fit (P < .0001) suggests a higher periacetabular fracture risk at higher interference fits. This work supports the development of preclinical testing of cup designs for the broad range patients and surgical conditions a cup may face following surgery.
Effects of glutinous rice protein components on the volatile substances and sensory properties of Chinese rice wine
Authors: Chen Tong , Wu Fenghua , Guo Jingjing , Ye Minqian , Hu Hao , Guo Jian , Liu Xingquan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe content of protein components of glutinous rice significantly affects the quality of Chinese rice wine. Therefore, the effects of protein components on the quality of Chinese rice wine were investigated by adding the exogenous proteins glutelin and albumin individually or in combinationRESULTSCompared with the control, the samples with increased glutelin components exhibited improved formation of numerous alcohol esters with alcoholic and fruity representatives. The promotion rates of glutelin to total alcohols and total esters were 18% and 99%, respectively. The amount of 4‐vinylguaiacol characterized by a spicy, smoky odor was reduced to 40%. Correlation analysis between chemical composition and sensory characteristics showed a significant positive correlation between umami and amino nitrogen (r = 0.935) and total amino acid content (r = 0.729). The bitterness of Chinese rice wine was related to the change of alcohol content (r = 0.689) and total soluble solid (r = 0.904). Sensory analysis revealed that the increase of the glutelin component of Chinese rice wine increased its alcoholic, fruity, and honey‐like features, as well as its umami, acidity and bitterness. The increase also reduced the caramel‐like, herb‐like, and smoky sensory characteristics of Chinese rice wine and its Qu aroma and sweetnessCONCLUSIONThe protein content of glutinous rice significantly affects the quality of rice wine. The Glutelin has a significant relationship with fruity, honey, and umami flavors; the albumin has a significant relationship with medicinal, bitter, and astringent flavors. Therefore, reasonable adjustment of the glutelin content of glutinous rice can effectively improve the sensory quality of rice wine. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of CPPU on bulk optical properties of kiwifruit during storage in near‐infrared range
Authors: Liu Dayang , Xie Dandan , Guo Wenchuan 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDInvestigating the effect of N‐(2‐chloro‐4‐pyridyl)‐N′‐phenylurea (CPPU) on the bulk optical properties of postharvest kiwifruit is helpful in understanding the mechanism of identification of CPPU‐treated kiwifruit using spectroscopy and to develop effective optical sensing techniques. In this study, the absorption coefficient μa and reduced scattering coefficient of flesh and skin of kiwifruit treated with CPPU solutions at CPPU concentration levels (CCLs) of 0, 5, 10 and 15 mg L−1 were measured by using a single integrating sphere setup over the range 950–1650 nm during 12 weeks' storage.RESULTSGenerally, at the same storage period, there was no significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) on flesh's μa among the kiwifruit treated with different CCLs at absorption peaks of 970, 1190, and 1390 nm. The average flesh's of kiwifruit treated with higher CCLs at 1190 nm were larger than those treated with lower CCLs, and there was a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) between the kiwifruit treated with 0, 5 and 15 mg L−1 CPPU solutions except for week 6. Contrasted with the μa and of kiwifruit flesh, the μa and of skin had bigger standard deviations and larger fluctuations with storage time. Additionally, the CPPU‐treated kiwifruit had higher moisture content, lower firmness, and larger cells than CPPU‐untreated kiwifruit.CONCLUSIONSThis study indicates that the of flesh has potential in identifying kiwifruit treated with different CCLs during storage. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Exploring genetic dependence of lipase activity to improve the quality of whole‐grain wheat
Authors: Wei Chun Yue , Hund Andreas , Zhu Dan , Nyström Laura 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDWhole‐grain wheat flour is facing the quality challenge of lipid rancidity, which decreases its nutritional, sensory, and technological properties. One of the major causes of lipid rancidity is endogenous esterases and lipases. This study evaluated 66 European wheat varieties grown at a single site over three years (2014, 2015, and 2016).RESULTSThe 66 wheat varieties showed up to threefold variance on esterase and lipase activities. Wheat varieties that are suitable for lipid‐stable whole‐grain products (‘Julius’, ‘Lona’, and ‘Banquet’) were selected according to their consistently low esterase and lipase activities. The 3‐year mean‐based broad‐sense heritability of esterase and lipase was 0.75 and 0.44 respectively.CONCLUSIONSThe findings indicate great genetic dependence of both esterase and lipase activities in wheat. The moderate to high heritability brings a new prospect of breeding selection of low‐lipase‐activity wheat for stable whole‐grain products. This result will improve the use of wheat as raw material, benefit cultivation selection, and provide consumers with better quality products. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
A Network Approach to Studying the Associations Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Dissociative Experiences
Authors: Cramer Angélique O. J. , Leertouwer IJsbrand , Lanius R. , Frewen Paul 
Published: February 2020

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a growing recognition of a dissociative subtype of posttraumatic stress disorder (D‐PTSD), characterized by experiences of depersonalization (DP) and derealization (DR), among individuals with PTSD. Little is known, however, about how experiences of DP and/or DR are associated with the experience of other PTSD symptoms. The central aim of the present paper was to explore the associations among DP, DR, and other PTSD symptoms by means of a network analysis of cross‐sectional data for 557 participants whose overall self‐reported PTSD symptom severity warranted a probable PTSD diagnosis. Three notable findings emerged: (a) a strong association between DP and DR, (b) the identification of DP as the most central symptom in the network, and (c) the discovery that clusters of symptoms in the network were roughly consistent withDSM‐5PTSD criteria. We discuss these findings in light of some considerations, including the nature of our sample and the limits of interpreting cross‐sectional network models.
Study of all stages of the Diels–Alder reaction of cyclopentadiene with 2,3‐dicyano‐1,4‐benzoquinone and monoadducts: Kinetics, thermochemistry, and high pressure effect
Authors: Kolesnikova Anastasia O. , Kornilov Dmitry A. , Gubaidullin Aidar T. , Kiselev Vladimir D. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe kinetic parameters and enthalpies of the Diels–Alder reactions between cyclopentadiene and 2,3‐dicyano‐1,4‐benzoquinone leading to the formation of two different monoadducts and bisadduct were determined. The stability of adducts is compared. Monoadduct appears to be thermodynamically more stable than the bisadduct. Comparison with the other Diels–Alder reactions studied previously allows us to conclude that the heat effects upon formation of the considered Diels–Alder adducts are the lowest in comparison with all the studied dienophiles.
Measuring bismuth‐210, its parent, and daughter in aquatic systems
Authors: Waples James T. 
Published: February 2020

Abstract210Bi (t1/2: 5.01 d)—the daughter of 210Pb and parent of 210Po—has rarely been measured in aquatic systems, and its behavior in the water column is poorly understood. In this article, I present a method for quickly measuring 210Pb, 210Bi, and 210Po in aquatic samples, where (1) 210Bi and 210Po are scavenged onto an anion solid‐phase extraction disk within 15 min of pretreating the sample; (2) beta decay of 210Bi is counted on the disk immediately thereafter; (3) 210Po is subsequently removed from the disk and redeposited on a copper plate for α‐spectroscopy; and (4) 210Pb is determined via the ingrowth of 210Bi. I present decay‐corrected calculations for total, dissolved, and particle‐bound fractions of each nuclide and conclude with an analysis of 210Pb, 210Bi, and 210Po activities in rain, dreissenid (quagga) mussels, and water samples from the Milwaukee Inner Harbor in Lake Michigan. Results show that the loss of lead on the anion solid‐phase extraction disks was negligible (0.2% ± 2.1%; ± 1 SD, n = 4), and the sorption of bismuth was complete (99% ± 2%; ± 1 SD, n = 16). Relative mean absolute deviations of duplicate sample analyses of lake water were 2.4% ± 1.9% for 210Pb (geometric mean of total sample activity: 3.0 disintegrations per minute [dpm], n = 6), 7.7% ± 5.8% for 210Bi (geometric mean of total sample activity: 2.6 dpm, n = 8), and 2.7% ± 1.7% for 210Po (geometric mean of total sample activity: 1.4 dpm, n = 8).
Streamlined production, purification, and characterization of recombinant extracellular polyhydroxybutyrate depolymerases
Authors: Martínez‐Tobón Diana I. , Waters Brennan , Elias Anastasia L. , Sauvageau Dominic 
Published: February 2020

AbstractHeterologous production of extracellular polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) depolymerases (PhaZs) has been of interest for over 30 years, but implementation is sometimes difficult and can limit the scope of research. With the constant development of tools to improve recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli, we propose a method that takes characteristics of PhaZs from different bacterial strains into account. Recombinant His‐tagged versions of PhaZs (rPhaZ) from Comamonas testosteroni 31A, Cupriavidus sp. T1, Marinobacter algicola DG893, Pseudomonas stutzeri, and Ralstonia sp. were successfully produced with varying expression, solubility, and purity levels. PhaZs from C. testosteroni and P. stutzeri were more amenable to heterologous expression in all aspects; however, using the E. coli Rosetta‐gami B(DE3) expression strain and establishing optimal conditions for expression and purification (variation of IPTG concentration and use of size exclusion columns) helped circumvent low expression and purity for the other PhaZs. Degradation activity of the rPhaZs was compared using a simple PHB plate‐based method, adapted to test for various pH and temperatures. rPhaZ from M. algicola presented the highest activity at 15°C, and rPhaZs from Cupriavidus sp. T1 and Ralstonia sp. had the highest activity at pH 5.4. The methods proposed herein can be used to test the production of soluble recombinant PhaZs and to perform preliminary evaluation for applications that require PHB degradation.
Orthostatic Myoclonus Secondary to Central Pontine Myelinolysis
Authors: Muñoz‐Delgado Laura , Macías‐García Daniel , Jesús Silvia , Adarmes‐Gómez Astrid , Palomar Francisco J. , Carrillo Fátima , Mir Pablo 
Published: February 2020

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