bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
microRNA‐665 is down‐regulated in gastric cancer and inhibits proliferation, invasion, and EMT by targeting PPP2R2A
Authors: Zhang Mingjuan , Wang Su , Yi Aiwen , Qiao Yongsheng 
Published: January 2020

Recently, microRNA‐665 (miR‐665) has been reported to function as both tumour suppressor and oncogene in several cancer types, including gastric cancer, hepatocellular cancer, and lung cancer. However, the biological function of miR‐665 and its precise mechanisms in gastric cancer (GC) have not been well clarified. The aim of this study was to study the roles of miR‐665/PPP2R2A axis in GC. The levels of PPP2R2A and miR‐665 were detected by quantitative PCR assay in GC tissues and cell lines. Moreover, the biological roles of miR‐665 and PPP2R2A in GC cells were assessed by cell proliferation, invasion, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). The mRNA and protein levels of PPP2R2A were determined by using quantitative PCR and Western blotting assays. Luciferase assays were used to confirm that PPP2R2A was one target of miR‐665. In this study, the miR‐665 level was dramatically reduced in GC tissues and cell lines, and the PPP2R2A expression was significantly enhanced. What is more, the PPP2R2A expression was negatively related to the miR‐665 level in GC tissues. Furthermore, up‐regulation of miR‐665 obviously restrained GC cells proliferation, invasion, and EMT. We confirmed that miR‐665 could directly target PPP2R2A by luciferase reporter assay. Besides, knockdown of PPP2R2A also could markedly inhibit the proliferation, invasion and EMT of GC cells. Finally, overexpression of miR‐665 in GC cells partially reversed the promoted effects of PPP2R2A up‐regulation. Overexpression of miR‐665 restrained GC cells proliferation, invasion and EMT via regulation of PPP2R2A.Significance of the study miR‐665 has been reported to function as oncogene or tumour suppressor in different cancers. However, the precise roles of miR‐665 in GC have not been elucidated. Our study for the first time demonstrated that miR‐665 level was significantly down‐regulated in GC. Additionally, miR‐665 overexpression inhibited cell growth, invasion, and EMT of GC. Moreover, our data suggested a significant negative correlation between miR‐665 and PPP2R2A expression in GC. MiR‐665 suppressed GC cell proliferation, invasion, and EMT by directly targeting PPP2R2A, which suggested important roles for miR‐665/PPP2R2A axis in the GC pathogenesis and its potential application in cancer therapy.
Interactions of Plasmonic Silver Nanoparticles with High Energy Sites on Multi‐Faceted Rutile TiO2 Photoanodes
Authors: Ballestas‐Barrientos Alfonso , Li Xiaobo , Yick Samuel , Yuen Alexander , Masters Anthony F. , Maschmeyer Thomas 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe front cover artwork for Issue 02/2020 is provided by researchers from the Laboratory of Advanced Catalysis for Sustainability at The University of Sydney (Australia). The image depicts the use of electron microscopy to study the plasmonic enhancement in the photoelectrochemical activity of rutile TiO2 photoanodes using silver nanoparticles deposited on active grain boundaries. See the Full Paper itself at https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201901043.
Recycling of mixed cathode lithium‐ion batteries for electric vehicles: Current status and future outlook
Authors: Or Tyler , Gourley Storm W. D. , Kaliyappan Karthikeyan , Yu Aiping , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: January 2020

AbstractWorldwide trends in mobile electrification, largely driven by the popularity of electric vehicles (EVs) will skyrocket demands for lithium‐ion battery (LIB) production. As such, up to four million metric tons of LIB waste from EV battery packs could be generated from 2015 to 2040. LIB recycling directly addresses concerns over long‐term economic strains due to the uneven geographic distribution of resources (especially for Co and Li) and environmental issues associated with both landfilling and raw material extraction. However, LIB recycling infrastructure has not been widely adopted, and current facilities are mostly focused on Co recovery for economic gains. This incentive will decline due to shifting market trends from LiCoO2 toward cobalt‐deficient and mixed‐metal cathodes (eg, LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2). Thus, this review covers recycling strategies to recover metals in mixed‐metal LIB cathodes and comingled scrap comprising different chemistries. As such, hydrometallurgical processes can meet this criterion, while also requiring a low environmental footprint and energy consumption compared to pyrometallurgy. Following pretreatment to separate the cathode from other battery components, the active material is dissolved entirely by reductive acid leaching. A complex leachate is generated, comprising cathode metals (Li+, Ni2+, Mn2+, and Co2+) and impurities (Fe3+, Al3+, and Cu2+) from the current collectors and battery casing, which can be separated and purified using a series of selective precipitation and/or solvent extraction steps. Alternatively, the cathode can be resynthesized directly from the leachate.
Structural Diversity of F‐Element Monophthalocyanine Complexes
Authors: Zhou Wen , McKearney Declan , Leznoff Daniel B. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe preparation and structural characterization of a series of lanthanide and uranium(IV) phthalocyanine halide complexes were achieved by reaction of the corresponding metal halide with Li2Pc. A preliminary survey of their reactivity includes ring reduction of Li(THF)4[PcUCl3] with KC8 leading to the first structurally characterized Pc4− actinide complex, hydrolysis of PcDyCl(DMSO) to PcDyOH(H2O)3 and preparation of a unique trimeric triangular Li(PcDy)3(OH)4(H2O) cluster.
Structuring Metal–Organic Framework Materials into Hierarchically Porous Composites through One‐Pot Fabrication Strategy
Authors: Chen Congcong , Zhu He , Li Bo‐Geng , Zhu Shiping 
Published: January 2020

AbstractControlled synthesis of metal–organic framework (MOF)‐based materials with multiple levels of porous structures across different length scales is of great interest in various applications but it still remains challenging. Most of the current strategies are time consuming and labor intensive, and not readily scaled‐up. In this work, we introduce a straightforward one‐pot fabrication strategy to prepare a robust and flexible hierarchically macro‐meso‐micro porous HKUST‐1/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite through solvent evaporation, in which MOF crystallization and polymer precipitation are combined together. The effect of the MOF precursor and the polymer initial amount on the morphology of the final composite was thoroughly studied. The interaction between the MOF and the polymer during the evaporation process is the key factor, which would limit the mobility of the polymer chains and cause instability in the MOF growth, thus endowing the composite with a hierarchically macro‐meso‐micro porous structure. This “all‐in‐one” porous structure could enhance the mass transport property of molecules within the composite. The obtained HKUST‐1/PVDF composite showed an enhanced CO2 adsorption rate constant of 0.821 min−1 (298 K, 1 bar), which was 3.5 times higher than that of the pristine MOF. In addition, the composite showed an equivalent gas adsorption capacity under all tested pressures and greatly improved water stability.
The Effect of Gadolinium Doping in [13C6,2H7]Glucose Formulations on 13C Dynamic Nuclear Polarization at 3.35 T
Authors: Harris Talia , Gamliel Ayelet , Nardi‐Schreiber Atara , Sosna Jacob , Gomori J. Moshe , Katz‐Brull Rachel 
Published: January 2020

AbstractThe promise of hyperpolarized glucose as a non‐radioactive imaging agent capable of reporting on multiple metabolic routes has led to recent advances in its dissolution‐DNP (dDNP) driven polarization using UV‐light induced radicals and trityl radicals at high field (6.7 T) and 1.1 K. However, most preclinical dDNP polarizers operate at the field of 3.35 T and 1.4–1.5 K. Minute amounts of Gd3+ complexes have shown large improvements in solid‐state polarization, which can be translated to improved hyperpolarization in solution. However, this Gd3+ effect seems to depend on magnetic field strength, metal ion concentration, and sample formulation. The effect of varying Gd3+ concentrations at 3.35 T has been described for 13C‐labeled pyruvic acid and acetate. However, it has not been studied for other compounds at this field. The results presented here suggest that Gd3+ doping can lead to various concentration and temperature dependent effects on the polarization of [13C6,2H7]glucose, not necessarily similar to the effects observed in pyruvic acid or acetate in size or direction. The maximal polarization for [13C6,2H7]glucose appears to be at a Gd3+ concentration of 2 mM, when irradiating for more than 2 h at the negative maximum of the DNP intensity profile. Surprisingly, for shorter irradiation times, higher polarization levels were determined at 1.50 K compared to 1.45 K, at a [Gd3+]=1.3 mM. This was explained by the build‐up time constant and maximum at these temperatures.
Evolutionary Algorithm‐based Crystal Structure Prediction for Gold(I) Fluoride
Authors: Eklund Kim , Kuklin Mikhail S. , Kraus Florian , Karttunen Antti J. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSolid gold(I) fluoride remains as an unsynthesized and uncharacterized compound. We have performed a search for potential gold(I) fluoride crystal structures using USPEX evolutionary algorithm and dispersion‐corrected hybrid density functional methods. Over 4000 AuF crystal structures have been investigated. Behavior of the AuF crystal structures under pressure was studied up to 25 GPa, and we also evaluated the thermodynamic stability of the hypothetical AuF crystal structures with respect to AuF3, AuF5, and Au3F8. Mixed‐valence compound Au3[AuF4] with Au atoms in various formal oxidation states emerged as the thermodynamically most stable AuF species.
Binge eating and binge‐eating disorder in Black women: A systematic review
Authors: Goode Rachel W. , Cowell Mariah M. , Mazzeo Suzanne E. , Cooper‐Lewter Courtney , Forte Alexandria , Olayia Oona‐Ifé , Bulik Cynthia M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractObjectiveAlthough several effective behavioral treatments for binge‐eating disorder (BED) exist, there are racial disparities in treatment access, with African–Americans and/or Black individuals having some of the lowest rates of access to care. Little is known about the experience and treatment of binge eating (BE) and BED among Black women.MethodThis systematic review, conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, synthesizes information related to BE and BED in Black women.ResultsA total of N = 38 studies met our eligibility criteria. We did not identify any systematic risk of bias across studies. The majority of included studies used cross‐sectional survey methodology, and relied on interview (EDE) and self‐report measures (particularly the Binge Eating Scale, BES) for the assessment of BE. Outcomes were inconsistently measured across trials, and there are limited data on the results of evidence‐based treatments for BE/BED in Black women.DiscussionAlthough Black women have similar or higher rates of BE than White women, most research on BE and BED has focused on White women, with Black individuals underrepresented in clinical trials. Future research should examine evidence‐based treatments to prevent and treat BED in this population.ObjetivoAunque existen varios tratamientos conductuales que son efectivos para el Trastorno de Atracones (BED, por sus siglas en inglés), existen disparidades raciales en el acceso a tratamiento, con individuos Afroamericanos y/o personas de color teniendo algunas de las tasas más bajas de acceso al cuidado de la salud. Se sabe muy poco acerca de la experiencia y tratamiento del comer en atracones (BE, por sus siglas en inglés) y BED entre mujeres afroamericanas y/o de color.MétodoEsta revisión sistemática, realizada bajo lineamientos de las guías PRISMA, sintetiza información relacionada con BE y BED en mujeres afroamericanas y/o de color.ResultadosUn total de N = 38 estudios cumplieron con nuestros criterios de elegibilidad. No identificamos ningún riesgo sistemático de sesgo entre los estudios. La mayoría de los estudios incluidos utilizaron una metodología de encuesta transversal y se basaron en la entrevista (EDE) y las medidas de autoinforme (en particular, la Binge Eating Scale, BES) para la evaluación de BE. Los resultados se midieron de manera inconsistente entre los ensayos, y hay datos limitados sobre los resultados de los tratamientos basados en la evidencia para BE/BED en mujeres afroamericanas y/o de color.DiscusiónAunque las mujeres afroamericanas y/o de color tienen tasas similares o más altas de BE que las mujeres blancas, la mayoría de las investigaciones sobre BE y BED se han centrado en las mujeres blancas, con individuos afroamericanos y/o de color subrepresentados en ensayos clínicos. La investigación futura debería examinar los tratamientos basados en la evidencia para prevenir y tratar el BED en esta población.
Disentangling chronic regeneration failure in endangered woodland ecosystems
Authors: Bennett Ami , Duncan David H. , Rumpff Libby , Vesk Peter A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractEcological restoration of degraded ecosystems requires the facilitation of natural regeneration by plants, often augmented by large‐scale active revegetation. The success of such projects is highly variable. Risk factors may be readily identifiable in a general sense, but it is rarely clear how they play out individually, or in combination. We addressed this problem with a field experiment on the survival of, and browsing damage to, 1275 hand‐planted buloke (Allocasuarina luehmannii) seedlings in a nationally endangered, semi‐arid woodland community. Buloke seedlings were planted in 17 sites representing four landscape contexts and with three levels of protection from kangaroo and lagomorph browsing. We censused seedlings and measured herbivore activity four times during the first 400 d post‐planting and fitted models of mortality and browse hazard to these data using survival analysis. Increasing lagomorph activity was associated with higher mortality risk, while kangaroo activity was not. Seedling survival was lowest for each treatment within extant buloke woodland, and the highest survival rates for guarded seedlings were in locations favored by lagomorphs. Damage from browsing was nearly ubiquitous after one year for surviving unguarded seedlings, despite moderate browser activity. On average, unguarded seedlings showed a decline in height, whereas fully guarded seedlings grew 2.3 cm across the survey period. This study demonstrates buloke seedlings should be protected from browsers, even with browsers maintained at moderate to low density, and the location that maximizes survival, and possibly growth rates, is adjacent to dunes. Further work will test this heuristic in an analysis of cost‐effective revegetation strategies for this endangered community.
Demography of snowshoe hare population cycles
Authors: Oli Madan K. , Krebs Charles J. , Kenney Alice J. , Boonstra Rudy , Boutin Stan , Hines James E. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractCyclic fluctuations in abundance exhibited by some mammalian populations in northern habitats (“population cycles”) are key processes in the functioning of many boreal and tundra ecosystems. Understanding population cycles, essentially demographic processes, necessitates discerning the demographic mechanisms that underlie numerical changes. Using mark–recapture data spanning five population cycles (1977–2017), we examined demographic mechanisms underlying the 9–10‐yr cycles exhibited by snowshoe hares (Lepus americanusErxleben) in southwestern Yukon, Canada. Snowshoe hare populations always decreased during winter and increased during summer; the balance between winter declines and summer increases characterized the four, multiyear cyclic phases: increase, peak, decline, and low. Little or no recruitment occurred during winter, but summer recruitment varied markedly across the four phases with the highest and lowest recruitment observed during the increase and decline phase, respectively. Population crashes during the decline were triggered by a substantial decline in winter survival and by a lack of subsequent summer recruitment. In contrast, initiation of the increase phase was triggered by a twofold increase in summer recruitment abetted secondarily by improvements in subsequent winter survival. We show that differences in peak density across cycles are explained by differences in overall population growth rate, amount of time available for population growth to occur, and starting population density. Demographic mechanisms underlying snowshoe hare population cycles were consistent across cycles in our study site but we do not yet know if similar demographic processes underlie population cycles in other northern snowshoe hare populations.
Expanding benefits from cardiac resynchronization therapy to exercise‐induced left bundle branch block in advanced heart failure
Authors: Scolari Fernando L. , Silveira Anderson D. , Menegazzo Willian R. , Mendes Ana Paula Chedid , Pimentel Maurício , Clausell Nadine , Goldraich Livia A. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIndications of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) do not include exercise‐induced left bundle branch block, but functional impairment could be improved with CRT in such cases. A 57‐year‐old woman with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (ejection fraction 23%) presented with New York Heart Association Class IV and recurrent hospitalizations. During heart transplant evaluation, a new onset of intermittent left bundle branch block was observed on the cardiopulmonary exercise test. CRT was implanted, and 97% resynchronization rate was achieved. In 12 month follow‐up, both clinical and prognostic exercise parameters improved. In patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and no left bundle branch block at rest, exercise test can uncover electromechanical dyssynchrony that may benefit from CRT.
Incorporating covariate information in the covariance structure of misaligned spatial data
Authors: Yarali Esmail , Rivaz Firoozeh 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIncorporating covariates in the second‐ structure of spatial processes is an effective way of building flexible nonstationary covariance models. Fitting these covariances requires covariates to already exist at locations where there is response data. However, studies in environmental statistics often involve covariate and response data that are misaligned in space. A common strategy to remedy this is to interpolate the covariate at locations with response data. This introduces a bias in parameters estimation and prediction. To overcome issues associated with spatial misalignment, this develops a new class of covariate‐dependent nonstationary covariance models using basis function expansions. Specifically, both covariate and response processes are represented in terms of basis systems, and the effect of the covariate is introduced on the covariance structure through a linear model between the random coefficients of basis vectors. A spike and slab prior is used to determine the structure of the association matrix between the random coefficients of the bases. The effectiveness of this prior is assessed through a simulation study. In addition, results from a real dataset show that the proposed model possesses better spatial prediction and computational advantages over other competing models.
A hybrid multi‐output‐predictive modelling based NSGA II approach for dimensions design optimization of battery pack module for electric vehicles
Authors: Ruhatiya Chaitanya , Gia Bao Pham N. , Quan Tram L. , Tho Quan T. , Xinyu Li 
Published: January 2020

AbstractBattery module safety is a major concern for the commercial success of electric vehicles (EVs). Concurrently, it is also important to have a mechanically sound and ergonomically fit battery pack design. To solve this problem, a hybrid multi‐output‐predictive modelling based NSGA II approach is proposed. In this approach, the multiple predictive modelling methods (linear regression, regression with AdaBoost, decision tree regression and multi‐layer perceptron [MLP]) are applied to predict the deformation, natural frequency and mass of battery pack enclosure. By performing the comparative analysis of these methods, the decision tree regression model was selected for deformation, MLP with tanh function for frequency and MLP with ReLU function for mass. Further, these selected models were optimized using NSGA II which resulted in optimum combination of input variables for achieving the maximum deformation (0.0019 m), minimum natural frequency (91.60 Hz), and mass (12.41 kg) simultaneously.
Resource-dependent evolution of female resistance responses to sexual conflict
Authors: Rostant Wayne G. , Mason Janet S. , de Coriolis Jean-Charles , Chapman Tracey 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSexual conflict can promote the evolution of dramatic reproductive adaptations as well as resistance to its potentially costly effects. Theory predicts that responses to sexual conflict will vary significantly with resource levels—when scant, responses should be constrained by trade-offs, when abundant, they should not. However, this can be difficult to test because the evolutionary interests of the sexes align upon short-term exposure to novel environments, swamping any selection due to sexual conflict. What is needed are investigations of populations that are well adapted to both differing levels of sexual conflict and resources. Here, we used this approach in a long-term experimental evolution study to track the evolution of female resistance to sexual conflict in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. In resource-rich regimes, high-conflict females evolved resistance to continual exposure to males. There was no difference in baseline survival, consistent with the idea that responses evolving under nutritional abundance experienced no trade-offs with resistance. In the poor resource regimes, the ability of high-conflict females to evolve resistance to males was severely compromised and they also showed lower baseline survival than low-conflict females. This suggested high-conflict females traded off somatic maintenance against any limited resistance they had evolved in response to sexual conflict. Overall, these findings provide experimental support for the hypothesis that evolutionary responses to sexual conflict are critically dependent upon resource levels.