bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The XRCC4 rs1805377 polymorphism is not associated with the risk of cancer: An updated meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Xin-yuan , Wei Xiao-han , Wang Bao-jie , Yao Jun 
Published: June 2020

Objectives A growing number of studies have reported that genes involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks might be cancer-susceptibility genes. The x-ray cross-complementing group 4 gene ( XRCC4) encodes a protein that functions in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, and this meta-analysis aimed to investigate the relationship between the XRCC4 rs1805377 polymorphism and cancer occurrence. Methods We retrieved case–control studies that met the inclusion criteria from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Associations between rs1805377 and cancer risk were evaluated by odds ratios (ORs) using a random effects model and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as well as sensitivity and subgroup analyses. Results After inclusion criteria were met, the meta-analysis involved 24 studies that included 9,633 cancer patients and 10,544 healthy controls. No significant association was found between rs1805377 and the risk of cancer (pooled OR = 1.107; 95% CI = 0.955–1.284) in the dominant genetic model. Similarly, no significant association was observed in the subgroup analysis. Conclusions Through this meta-analysis, we found no association between the rs1805377 polymorphism and cancer occurrence. This may provide useful information for relevant future studies into the etiology of cancer.
Assessment of T and N staging with MRI3T in lower and middle rectal cancer and impact on clinical strategy
Authors: Xu Liping , Zhang Zhaoyue , Qin Qin , Zhang Chi , Sun Xinchen 
Published: June 2020

Background To determine the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative T/N stage using MRI in lower and middle rectal cancer patients and the impacts on clinical decision-making. Patients and methods There were 354 patients recruited from May 2017 to February 2019. MRI was performed within 2 weeks before surgery. Histopathologic results were evaluated for the postoperative T/N stage and MRI diagnostic accuracy was assessed based on the postoperative histopathologic results. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and Kappa values were used to evaluate MRI diagnostic accuracy and analysis consistency compared with postoperative histopathologic staging. Results Overall MRI diagnostic accuracy was 78.2% and 56.8% for T1–4 and N0–2 staging. The Kappa values were 0.625 and 0.323 for T1–4 and N0–2 staging, respectively. After combination, MRI diagnostic accuracy was 85% and 69.5% for T and N staging. The Kappa values were 0.693 and 0.4 for T and N staging. The diagnostic accuracy of MRI for treatment decision-making was 79.1%. Conclusion MRI enables a highly accurate preoperative assessment of T stage but only a fairly accurate preoperative assessment of the N stage for rectal cancer with surgery. The diagnostic accuracy of MRI for treatment decision-making is promising.
Comparison of the Prevalence of Infantile Colic Between Pediatric Migraine and Other Types of Pediatric Headache
Authors: Levinsky Yoel , Eidlitz-Markus Tal 
Published: June 2020

Background/Objective: The International Headache Society lists infantile colic under “episodic syndromes that may be associated with migraine” in the ICHD3-beta version of its classification of headache disorders. The aim of this study was to examine whether this association is specific to migraine or applies to all pediatric headache types. Methods: A cross-sectional historical study was conducted including 219 patients aged 3-18 years who presented to a tertiary pediatric headache clinic in 2016-2017. Parents were asked a series of questions to determine if their child had had infantile colic as defined in the ICHD3-beta version. The prevalence of a positive history of colic was compared between children diagnosed with migraine or other primary headache types. Results: There were 132 girls (60.2%) and 87 boys (39.8%) of mean age 12.8 ± 3.48 years at presentation. Migraine headache was diagnosed in 170 patients (77.6%) and other types primary of headache (9 in total) in 49 patients (22.3%). Fifty-one patients had a history of infantile colic. They included 45 patients in the migraine group (26.5%) and 5 in the comparison groups (10.2%); the difference in the rate of colic was statistically significant ( P = .0196; OR 3.17, 95% CI 0.1.17-6.17). There was no association of specific migraine parameters or symptoms with infantile colic. Conclusion: There appears to be an association of infantile colic with pediatric migraine but not with other types of pediatric headache. These findings reinforce the theory that infantile colic has common pathogenic roots with migraine.
Impact of Pharmacist-Led Drug Therapy Management Services on HbA1c Values in a Predominantly Hispanic Population Visiting an Outpatient Endocrinology Clinic
Authors: Hernández-Muñoz José J. , De Santiago Annette C. , Cedrone Stephanie Z. , Verduzco Rene A. , Bazan Daniela Z. 
Published: June 2020

Purpose To assess the impact pharmacists have on improving glycemic control among predominantly Hispanic diabetic patients visiting an endocrinology clinic in South Texas. Pharmacists were recently integrated into this clinic to be part of a collaborative team. Methods This study follows a retrospective cohort design. All patients received diabetic care from endocrinologists, and some received pharmacist-led drug therapy management (PDTM). Patients with ≥1 PDTM were categorized as the intervention group and those without PDTM as the standard of care (SOC) group. The outcome variables were the mean absolute change in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) from baseline and the proportion of patients at goal HbA1c (<7%) postintervention. Results Data were collected from 222 patients (n = 120 SOC patients, n = 102 PDTM patients). The mean age was 61 ± 14 years, 136 (61%) were female, and 197 (89%) were Hispanic. The mean absolute change in HbA1c was −1.3%. In the adjusted model, the mean absolute change in HbA1c in the PDTM compared to the SOC group was not significant (−0.1% ± 0.2%; P < .74), and concurrent interventions from registered dieticians (RDs) and licensed professional counselors (LPC) were identified as effect modifiers of the association. The stratum specific analysis identified the greatest decrease in HbA1c when the three interventions (ie, PDTM, RD, and LPC) coincided (−1.0% ± 0.3%; P < .01). Postintervention, 25% of those who received PDTM achieved an HbA1c<7% as compared to 19% in the SOC group. Conclusion The clinical importance of pharmacists is enhanced when integrated with behavioral modifying programs to achieve additional improvement in HbA1c.
Clinical and histopathological features and short-term outcomes of lupus nephritis: a prospective study of 100 Egyptian patients
Authors: Saleh Mohammed , Eltoraby Ehab E , Tharwat Samar , Nassar Mohammed Kamal 
Published: June 2020

Objective The short-term outcomes of lupus nephritis (LN) are variable and unpredictable among individuals. We aimed to evaluate the clinical and histopathological features and short-term renal outcomes in LN patients. Methods This was a prospective cohort study carried out at nephrology and rheumatology units in Egypt between 2018 and 2019. A total of 100 patients with biopsy-proven LN were studied. Patients were evaluated for response after six months. Results The female-to-male ratio was 8.1:1. About 70% of patients were hypertensive at disease onset, with rates for classes I, II, III, IV, V and VI LN being 1%, 7%, 20%, 53%, 14% and 6%, respectively. Among the immunosuppressive drugs used for induction, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) represented the most commonly used (44%) followed by cyclophosphamide (CYC; 37%). After six months of follow-up, about two thirds of patients achieved remission. There was no significant difference in remission rate between MMF and CYC. On multivariate analysis, serum creatinine (SCr) at presentation was the most significant predictor of renal recovery. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve, the cut-off value of SCr was 1.6 mg/dL, with a sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 71% predicting renal recovery. Repeat renal biopsy was needed in 10 patients; class and treatment strategy changed in 40% and 70% of them, respectively. Conclusion Our findings in Egyptian LN patients compare favourably with most studies.
Mental health service provision in rural Australia: a regional town–city comparison of two continuing care teams
Authors: Matta Gabrielle , Longhitano Calogero , Husodo Cortney , McDermott Brett 
Published: June 2020

Objective: The primary aims were to compare the characteristics and health outcomes of consumers entering a regional mental health service compared with a city service. Method: A retrospective audit was undertaken of consumers aged 18 and over from a regional town and city mental health service. Consumer demographics, diagnoses and outcomes were compared between the two services. The data analysis plan utilised descriptive statistics. For between-clinic comparisons, relevant inferential statistics was used. Results: Regional service patients had a significantly greater proportion of substance use disorder diagnoses. Outcome rating scales were higher (worse) for regional consumers. There was significantly less overall service utilisation for regional service consumers including shorter duration of episodes of care, less hospitalisations and less people treated under the Mental Health Act. Conclusions: There were a broader range of patient presentations in the regional town. Regional practitioners may specifically need more training and skills in treating substance use disorders.
The struggle for gender diversity
Authors: Gardner Sally M , Komesaroff Paul A 
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Contradictory social policies and attitudes about gender diversity raise questions about how we should understand the current status of the historical ‘heterosexual’ gender regime. Conclusion: Drawing on the work of the feminist philosopher and psychoanalyst Luce Irigaray, this essay argues that sexual difference is the irreducible starting point for all meaning, sense, morality and affect.
Lefamulin: The First Systemic Pleuromutilin Antibiotic
Authors: Chahine Elias B. , Sucher Allana J. 
Published: June 2020

Objective: To review the pharmacology, microbiology, efficacy, and safety of lefamulin. Data Sources: A literature search was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar (2010 to end-April 2020) with the search terms BC-3781 and lefamulin. Other resources included abstracts presented at recent conferences, prescribing information, and the manufacturer’s and Food and Drug Administration websites. Study Selection and Data Extraction: All relevant English-language articles of studies assessing the efficacy and safety of lefamulin were included. Data Synthesis: Lefamulin is a pleuromutilin antibiotic with activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and atypical bacteria. Lefamulin, given at the dose of 150 mg intravenously or 600 mg orally on an empty stomach every 12 hours for 5 to 7 days, was proven noninferior to moxifloxacin for the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). Common adverse reactions include injection site reactions, hepatic enzyme elevation, gastrointestinal upset, hypokalemia, insomnia, and headache. Lefamulin is associated with QT prolongation, and concomitant use with CYP3A substrates that prolong the QT interval is contraindicated. Lefamulin may cause fetal harm. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: Lefamulin is a novel antibiotic with a unique mechanism of action. It represents an alternative option to β-lactams and macrolides in the treatment of adults with CABP and an alternative option to amoxicillin and doxycycline in the outpatient setting given the rise in resistance to macrolides and safety concerns with fluoroquinolones. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may limit the tolerability of the oral formulation. Conclusions: Lefamulin is the first systemic pleuromutilin antibiotic that has proven safe and effective for adults with CABP.
Lack of everolimus diffusion in pleural fluid during pleural progression of breast cancer: A case report
Authors: Vaury Célia , Macaire Pauline , Goirand Françoise , Coudert Bruno , Guérard Pascal , Schmitt Antonin 
Published: June 2020

Background We report here a case where no everolimus pleural diffusion was evidenced at the same time of pleural progression of a metastatic breast cancer treated with everolimus and exemestane. Case description A 69-year-old woman was diagnosed in October 2006 with stage III invasive ductal breast adenocarcinoma. After nine months of everolimus and exemestane treatment, she presented with a pleural progression. Everolimus concentration was measured in blood and in pleural fluid. Residual blood concentration was at 9.1 ng/mL, while no everolimus was observed in the pleural fluid. Management and outcome Due to inefficacy of everolimus in this patient, she was switched to palbociclib and fulvestrant. Conclusion Everolimus seems to have a poor diffusion in the pleural fluid.
Results of dexamethasone intravitreal implant (Ozurdex) in diabetic macular edema patients: Early versus late switch
Authors: Ruiz-Medrano Jorge , Rodríguez-Leor Ramón , Almazán Elena , Lugo Francisco , Casado-Lopez Esther , Arias Luis , Ruiz-Moreno José M 
Published: June 2020

Purpose To assess the functional and anatomical outcomes of intravitreal dexamethasone implant Ozurdex® in eyes with diabetic macular edema that did not adequately respond to vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors. Methods Multicenter, retrospective, and real-life case series study conducted on consecutive diabetic macular edema patients who underwent treatment with one or more dexamethasone implant injections and were followed up for a minimum of 12 months. Subjects were divided into three groups: I—naïve patients, II—previously treated eyes that received three intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors injections before the study (early switch), and III—previously treated eyes that received >3 intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors injections before the study (late switch). Primary endpoints were best-corrected visual acuity and central retinal thickness at month 12. Results A total of 129 eyes (21 naïve and 108 previously treated, Group II: 32 and Group III: 76) were included. At month 12, best-corrected visual acuity significantly improved from 0.27 ± 0.23 and 0.31 ± 0.22 at baseline to 0.36 ± 0.25 and 0.37 ± 0.23 at month 12 in naïve and previously treated eyes, respectively, and p = 0.0063 and 0.0060, respectively. Central retinal thickness, in naïve and previously treated eyes, was significantly reduced from 483.0 ± 143.4 and 431.3 ± 115.5 µm, at baseline, to 278.8 ± 72.1 and 269.3 ± 66.2 µm, at month 12, respectively, and p < 0.0001 each, respectively. Best-corrected visual acuity improvement was significantly greater in both absolute and percentage values, p = 0.0393 and 0.0118, respectively, in Group II than in Group III. Conclusion In eyes with insufficient response to antivascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors, switching to dexamethasone at the time to 3-monthly antivascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors injections provided better functional outcomes than those that received >3 antivascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors injections.
Manual deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty after partial unintentional full-thickness trephination
Authors: Sarnicola Enrica , Sarnicola Caterina , Cheung Albert Y , Panico Edoardo , Panico Claudio , Sarnicola Vincenzo 
Published: June 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe a surgical technique to perform deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) despite inadvertent full thickness trephination in one quadrant. Methods: Case report of a 19-year-old boy who underwent DALK for visually significant post-infectious stromal scar in his left eye. An unintentional full thickness trephination occurred in the upper-nasal quadrant at the beginning of the surgery. After suturing the perforated area, manual DALK was performed, and an air bubble was left in the anterior chamber. Evaluated outcomes included best spectacle corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), residual recipient bed thickness, endothelial cell count (ECC), graft clarity, rejection, and presence/absence of double anterior chamber. Results: The surgery was completed without any further complications. No double anterior chamber or Urrets–Zavalia syndrome was observed on the first postoperative day. Mean residual recipient bed thickness was 72 μm and regular. ECC was 2446 cell/mm2. BSCVA at 18 months of follow-up was 0.9. There were no episodes of rejection, and the graft remained clear at the last follow-up (4 years). Conclusion: Inadvertent partial full thickness trephination of the recipient cornea is a largely preventable but possible complication during DALK. Penetrating keratoplasty conversion can be avoided by performing a manual dissection DALK.
Comparison between bovine carotid artery graft and polytetrafluoroethylene graft for haemodialysis vascular access: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kostakis Ioannis D , Loukopoulos Ioannis 
Published: June 2020

Background: There is a renewed interest in using bovine carotid artery grafts for haemodialysis vascular access after recent advances in conduit manufacturing and endovascular management of access-related complications. Our aim was to summarize the results of the recent studies comparing bovine carotid artery grafts with polytetrafluoroethylene grafts as vascular access for haemodialysis. Methods: A systematic review was conducted for original articles comparing bovine carotid artery with polytetrafluoroethylene grafts for haemodialysis vascular access published between January 2000 and December 2019 searching the databases of Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, ClinicalTrials.gov and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Results: Four studies were included (one prospective randomized controlled trial and three retrospective studies) with 676 patients in total (bovine carotid artery: 395, polytetrafluoroethylene: 281). There was lower graft infection rate per patient-year in bovine carotid artery grafts (mean difference: −0.03, p < 0.0001). Bovine carotid artery grafts required fewer interventions per patient-year to maintain or restore patency (mean difference: −0.81, p = 0.002). No significant difference was detected regarding pseudoaneurysm formation (p = 0.24), steal syndrome (p = 0.11) or patency rates (primary: 1 year: p = 0.15, 2 years: p = 0.69; primary assisted: 1 year: p = 0.18, 2 years: p = 0.54; secondary: 1 year: p = 0.22, 2 years: p = 0.17). Conclusion: Bovine carotid artery and polytetrafluoroethylene grafts have similar short-term and long-term outcomes, with a possible advantage of bovine carotid artery grafts concerning graft infections and number of required interventions. Thus, bovine carotid artery grafts can be a useful alternative modality for haemodialysis vascular access.
Clinical Features, Therapeutic Trends, and Outcome of Giant Prolactinomas: A Single-Center Experience Over a 12-Year Period
Authors: Almalki Mussa H , Aljohani Naji , Alzahrani Saad , Almohareb Ohoud , Ahmad Maswood M , Alrashed Abdullah A , Alshahrani Fahad , Mahmood Buhary Badurudeen 
Published: June 2020

Background: Management of giant prolactinomas presents a different challenge than the management of traditional prolactinomas. Objective: The aim of this study was to report the largest long-term single-center study of giant prolactinomas to analyze their clinical features; define epidemiological characteristics, comorbidities, complications, treatment outcomes; and to demonstrate our experience with long-term cabergoline (CAB) treatment of these giant tumors. Methods: A retrospective case study and clinical review of patients presenting with giant prolactinomas in the pituitary clinic at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, in the period between 2006 and 2018 were included in the study. Of the charts reviewed, 33 patients (24 men; 9 women) with age of diagnosis between 18 and 63 years (mean = 37.21 years) met the selection criteria for giant prolactinomas. Result: The most common presenting features include headache (87.8%), visual defects (69.7%), and hypogonadism (51.5%). The baseline means serum prolactin (PRL) level was extremely high for both sexes (95 615.03 nmol/L), which eventually decreased by as much as 95.4% after CAB treatment. Serum PRL concentrations completely normalized in 11 patients and significantly reduced in 22 patients. The mean tumor volume at baseline was 42.87 cm3, whereas the mean posttreatment tumor volume was 3.42 cm3 (no residual tumor in 2 patients, while in others, it ranged from 0.11 to 16.7 cm3) at the last follow-up visit. The mean change in tumor volume was 88.84%. Tumor volume decreased by an average of 92% for men and 80.4% for women. One patient had no tumor size change with CAB (3.5 mg thrice a week) or radiotherapy and required surgery. The response rate (remission after medical therapy alone) in this series was 84.84%. Conclusions: Findings reinforce results from our previous study that CAB provides dramatic clinical improvements with an excellent safety profile. The CAB should, therefore, be considered as the primary therapy for giant prolactinomas.
Effects of visual exposure to wood on human affective states, physiological arousal and cognitive performance: A systematic review of randomized trials
Authors: Lipovac Dean , Burnard Michael D. 
Published: June 2020

Background Bringing features of nature indoors can positively influence indicators of human stress. Since wood is a natural material, it may produce similar benefits. The objective of the review was to (1) examine the influence of visual (real or virtual) contact with either real or imitated indoor wooden surfaces on certain stress indicators, that is affective, physiological or cognitive performance outcomes (compared to non-wooden surfaces) and to (2) assess the methodological quality of the reviewed studies. Method We conducted a systematic literature search for English articles on Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central and Google Scholar on 6 August 2019. The results of the eligible studies were synthesized narratively in light of the identified methodological shortcomings. Results We reviewed nine studies with 386 participants in total. Studies with longer exposure times to wood generally observed improved affective states and decreased physiological arousal in wooden settings, but the results are not entirely clear-cut. We discuss several methodological issues uncovered in the reviewed studies and provide guidelines for future robust research. Conclusions Current evidence suggests that visual wood exposure may improve certain indicators of human stress, but additional research is needed to confirm the existing findings.