bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGGUNAAN INTERNET DI KALANGAN REMAJA DI JAKARTA
Authors: Iskandar Dudi , Isnaeni Muhamad 
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan internet di kalangan remaja di Jakarta. Dengan menggunakan paradigma positivisme dan pendekatan kuantitatif, penelitian ini menghasilkan beberapa temuan. Antara lain, pertama, responden umumnya sudah sangat mengenal dengan media sosial, yang terbukti dari lama menggunakan (lebih dari 2 tahun). Media sosial Instagram dan Facebook adalah dua platform media sosial yang paling sering digunakan dan diakses oleh responden. Kedua, para pelajar menggunakan media sosial bukan untuk sarana belajar/pendidikan atau mencari informasi, melainkan sebagai sarana hiburan dan mencari teman. Ketiga,mayoritas responden meng-update media sosialnya dalam jangka waktu harian, yang berkonsekuensi pada durasi penggunaan media sosial dalam jangka waktu satu hari menjadi cukup lama/sering.Berdasarkan Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan tidak ada pengaruh antara karakteristik penggunaan media sosial dengan perilaku kekerasan pada remaja

Kata kunci : internet, remaja, media sosial, informasi

ABSTRACT
This study aims to determine the use of the internet among teenagers in Jakarta. Using a quantitative approach and the positivism paradigm produces several findings. Among other things, first, respondents generally are very familiar with social media, which is evident from the length of use (more than 2 years). Instagram and Facebook social media are two social media platforms that are most frequently used and accessed by respondents. Second, students use social media not for learning education facilities or seeking information, but as a means of entertainment and finding friends. Third, the majority of respondents updated their social media in a daily period, which consequently had a long frequent duration of social media usage. Based on the results of the hypothesis testing showed no influence between the characteristics of the use of social media with violent behavior in adolescents
Keywords : internet, teenegers, social media, information
ON DEVELOPMENT OF AVIATION EQUIPMENT’SRELIABILITY MODELS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF HELICOPTERS)
Authors: Bursala A. , Tcherednikov O. , Golub V. , Trygub Y. 
Published: August 2020

On the example of helicopters, the topical issues of systematization and mathematical processing of statistical information taking from fault log sheetsto assess the level of reliability and flight safety of state aviation equipment are considered.
The reliability of all helicopter systems must meet the pressing needs of defense capabilities and support the capabilities of the state aviation of Ukraine to carry out combat missions at the current level. Improving preparedness for assigned tasks will facilitate participation in combined operations with peacekeeping and NATO forces. The considered model of the system of aviation equipment on the example of helicopters consists of interdependent, jointly functioning, united by a single purpose of five subsystems of the corresponding type of specialty: “helicopter and engine”, “aircraft armament”,“aircraftequipment”, “avionics equipment”,“navigation and target acquisition system”.
Realization and methodical approaches to the development of complex failuremodels of the elements of “helicopter and engine” system by types of helicopters are substantiated. The paper proposes to address on the example of helicopters the lines of approach the problem of assessing the real level of operational reliability and flight safety of aircraft to maintain their serviceable condition.
When putting military aviation assets into operation according to the technical condition, using statistical models of reliability and flight safety, the important task of increasing resource indicators is solved, which requires improving the system of collecting, processing and analyzing information from fault log sheets.
La importancia de crear e implementar los indicadores de capital intelectual en las pequeñas empresas Sogamoseñas
Authors: Gutiérrez Diego Ferney Patarroyo 
Published: August 2020

En el presente artículo, se expone los principales resultados de una investigación, en la cual se indagó la importancia de crear e implementar los indicadores de capital intelectual en las pequeñas empresas Sogamoseñas y cómo éstos ayudan a llevar una administración bajo control. Apoyados en la revisión bibliográfica se realizaron algunos análisis del sistema de indicadores de capital intelectual en cuanto a sus aplicaciones, clases de indicadores que ayudan a evaluar los aspectos básicos de las empresas. Lo anterior conlleva al planteamiento de una serie de posibles variables que vienen de tiempo atrás desencadenando falencias, las cuales afectan de manera directa el desempeño administrativo de las pequeñas empresas. El objeto de investigación fueron 150 empresas, (94 comerciales, 41 de carbón, 12 de lácteos y 3 funerarias). En la parte metodológica se desarrolló con tipo de estudio descriptivo, con diseño cualitativo. El método de investigación fue inductivo, la técnica estadística utilizada fueron las tablas de frecuencias. De esta manera la investigación arrojó; que las pequeñas empresas Sogamoseñas no conocen qué es el capital intelectual, ni su aplicación, ni la ventaja competitiva y por consiguiente su elaboración, de igual manera no la consideran como herramienta administrativa en la de toma de decisiones.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah pada Siswa SMP Maniamas Ngabang
Authors: Permata Jeliana Intan , Sandri Yohanes 
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah menurut Polya. Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 3 orang siswa yang mewakili tingkat kemampuan pemecahan masalah (Tinggi, Sedang dan Rendah). Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah tes dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan menarik kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Siswa dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah tingkat tinggi mampu melaksanakan tahap penyelesaian masalah Polya dengan baik dan benar. Siswa mampu menguasai 4 tahap pemecahan masalah Polya yakni pemahaman masalah, perencanaan, pelaksanaan rencana, dan pengecekan kembali. Subjek Penelitian mampu memahami masalah dengan menuliskan apa yang diketahui dan ditanyakan serta mengucapkannya dengan menganalisis menggunakan kata-katanya sendiri, mampu menuliskan langkah pengerjaan secara lengkap (jawaban benar), dan mengecek kembali jawaban. (2) Siswa dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah sedang siswa mampu mengerjakan masalah yang diberikan hanya pada satu nomor soal, siswa memahami masalah dengan menuliskan yang diketahui dan ditanyakan, mampu menuliskan langkah penyelesaian masalah namun kurang lengkap, dan melaksanakan perencanaan dengan cukup baik karena dalam proses pengerjaan terdapat kekeliruan (jawaban salah), dan tidak melaksanakan pengecekan kembali karena belum mampu pada penyelesaian akhir soal. (3)Siswa dengan kemampuan pemecahan masalah rendah cenderung tidak memahami masalah, siswa tidak menuliskan apa yang diketahui dan ditanyakan, subjek penelitian dengan tingkat kemampuan pemecahan masalah rendah belum mampu memisalkan permasalahan sistem persamaan linear dua variabel dengan baik. Siswa belum mampu untuk melakukan langkah awal dengan memisalkan permasalahan nyata dalam soal.
Comprehensive Multimessenger Modeling of the Extreme Blazar 3HSP J095507.9+355101 and Predictions for IceCube
Authors: Petropoulou Maria , Oikonomou Foteini , Mastichiadis Apostolos , Murase Kohta , Padovani Paolo , Vasilopoulos Georgios , Giommi Paolo 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
3HSP J095507.9+355101 is an extreme blazar that has been possibly associated with a high-energy neutrino (IceCube-200107A) detected 1 day before the blazar was found to undergo a hard X-ray flare. We perform a comprehensive study of the predicted multimessenger emission from 3HSP J095507.9+355101 during its recent X-ray flare, but also in the long term. We focus on one-zone leptohadronic models, but we also explore alternative scenarios: (i) a blazar-core model, which considers neutrino production in the inner jet, close to the supermassive black hole; (ii) a hidden external-photon model, which considers neutrino production in the jet through interactions with photons from a weak broad line region; (iii) a proton-synchrotron model, where high-energy protons in the jet produce γ-rays via synchrotron; and (iv) an intergalactic cascade scenario, where neutrinos are produced in the intergalactic medium by interactions of a high-energy cosmic-ray beam escaping the jet. The Poisson probability to detect a single muon neutrino in 10 years from 3HSP J095507.9+355101 with the real-time IceCube alert analysis is ∼1% (3%) for the most optimistic one-zone leptohadronic model (the multi-zone blazar-core model). Meanwhile, detection of a single neutrino during the 44-day-long high X-ray flux-state period following the neutrino detection is 0.06%, according to our most optimistic leptohadronic model. The most promising scenarios for neutrino production also predict strong intrasource γ-ray attenuation above ∼100 GeV. If the association is real, then IceCube-Gen2 and other future detectors should be able to provide additional evidence for neutrino production in 3HSP J095507.9+355101 and other extreme blazars.
A new genus of Bambusicolaceae (Pleosporales) on Corylus avellana (Fagales) from Italy
Authors: Wijesinghe Subodini , Wang Yong , Camporesi Erio , Wanasinghe Dhanushka , Boonmee Saranyaphat , Hyde Kevin 
Published: August 2020

In this study, we introduce Corylicola gen. nov. in the family of Bambusicolaceae (Pleosporales), to accommodate Corylicola italica sp. nov. The new species was isolated from dead branches of Corylus avellana (common hazel) in Italy. The discovery of this new genus with both sexual and asexual characters will contribute to expand the knowledge and taxonomic framework of Bambusicolaceae.
Corylicola gen. nov. has similar morphological characters compared to other genera of Bambusicolaceae. These are solitary, scattered, globose to subglobose and ostiolate ascomata; anastomosing and branching pseudoparaphyses; cylindrical asci with a well-developed ocular chamber and short furcate pedicel; and single-septate ascospores. The coelomycetous asexual morph of Corylicola has holoblastic, phialidic conidiogenous cells and light brown conidia analogous to other members in the family. Corylicola differs from the other genera of Bambusicolaceae in having yellowish-brown ascospore masses at the top of the ascomatal neck. Detailed morphological illustrations with comprehensive descriptions for the new taxa are provided, as well as a key to the genera of Bambusicolaceae. Maximum Likelihood analysis and Bayesian Inference of a combined SSU, LSU, ITS, RPB2 and TEF1 sequence dataset confirms the placement of this genus as a distinct lineage in Bambusicolaceae.
In vitro analysis of the activity of human monoamine oxidase type B (hMAOB), treated with the cyanotoxin anatoxin-a: supposed factor of neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Ilieva Victoria , Kondeva-Burdina Magdalena , Georgieva Tzveta 
Published: August 2020

In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that an additional source of free radicals may be hydrogen peroxide formed by monoamino oxidase (MAO) -catalyzed deamination of catecholamines. Also, increased MAO-B activity in the brain has been linked to the development of some neurodegenerative diseases.
The toxicant we used to treat recombinant human MAO-B enzyme is the cyanotoxin аnatoxin-a. For anatoxin-a is known that it’s an agonist of neuronal acetylcholine receptors with 20 times greater affinity to them compared to the natural neurotransmitter.
In this study, we analyzed the effect of anatoxin at various selected concentrations on the activity of recombinant human MAO-B enzyme. The method we use is to analyze the activity of human MAO-B with the fluorimetric reagent Amplex UltraRed and the substrate tyramine hydrochloride.
The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of anatoxin-a on the hMAO-B enzyme activity and its influence as a factor for the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
DINÂMICA ESPACIAL DA INDÚSTRIA FARMACÊUTICA: DESENVOLVIMENTO E PARTICIPAÇÃO DOS ESTADOS ATÉ ANOS 1990
Authors: Halas Geizibel Julia , Dos Santos Sampaio Fernando 
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a dinâmica espacial da indústria farmacêutica, tomando como base sua gênese e seu desenvolvimento. Fez-se um recorte do início da farmacologia até o século XX evidenciando a importância do setor para a economia e sociedade mundial. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica com bases em dados estatísticos e relatórios da Organização Mundial da Saúde, da Anvisa, das indústrias farmacêuticas e demais órgãos reguladores oficiais. A Indústria Farmacêutica tem como propulsor de seu desenvolvimento a inovação, a participação do Estado e a P&D (Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento). As estratégias usadas desde o fim do século XIX como os pesados investimentos em P&D, o uso do marketing, as fusões, e a formação de monopólio, proporcionaram à indústria aumentar sua lucratividade. O dinamismo inovativo das décadas de 50 a 70 proporcionaram elevados lucros à indústria e ao longo dos anos 80 e 90 as fusões de grandes laboratórios ocorreram concomitantemente ao fechamento de empresas pequenas e médias, pois estas não conseguiram concorrer com as grandes indústrias e seus processos de inovação. A partir dessas características, a expansão territorial dessas empresas faz com que os grandes oligopólios globais do setor estejam presentes em praticamente todas as áreas do mundo, controlando o abastecimento de remédios de amplas camadas da população.
A Shared TCR Bias toward an Immunogenic EBV Epitope Dominates in HLA-B*07:02–Expressing Individuals
Authors: Rowntree Louise C. , Nguyen Thi H. O. , Farenc Carine , Halim Hanim , Hensen Luca , Rossjohn Jamie , Kotsimbos Tom C. , Purcell Anthony W. , Kedzierska Katherine , Gras Stephanie , Mifsud Nicole A. 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
EBV is one of the most common viruses found in humans and is prototypic of a persistent viral infection characterized by periods of latency. Across many HLA class I molecules, the latent-specific CD8+ T cell response is focused on epitopes derived from the EBNA-3 protein family. In the case of HLA-B*07:02 restriction, a highly frequent class I allele, the T cell response is dominated by an epitope spanning residues 379–387 of EBNA-3 (RPPIFIRRL [EBVRPP]). However, little is known about either the TCR repertoire specific for this epitope or the molecular basis for this observed immunodominance. The EBVRPP CD8+ T cell response was common among both EBV-seropositive HLA-B*07:02+ healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Similar TCRs were identified in EBVRPP–specific CD8+ T cell repertoires across multiple HLA-B7+ individuals, indicating a shared Ag-driven bias in TCR usage. In particular, TRBV4-1 and TRAV38 usage was observed in five out of six individuals studied. In this study, we report the crystal structure of a TRBV4-1+ TCR–HLA-B*07:02/EBVRPP complex, which provides a molecular basis for the observed TRBV4-1 bias. These findings enhance our understanding of the CD8+ T cell response toward a common EBV determinant in HLA-B*07:02+ individuals.
Risks and critical issues related to the discovery on the market of unauthorized live alien species on the Italian territory: Chinese crab (<em>Eriocheir sinensis</em>)
Authors: Sessa Federica Maria , Cianti Luca , Brogelli Nicola , Tinacci Lara , Guidi Alessandra 
Published: August 2020

Eriocheir sinensis, Chinese Crab or Chinese Mitten Crab is a catadromous species belonging to the Varunidae family, native to river and estuarine areas of North and South East China and Korea. At European level, E. sinensis is widespread in the main water basins of Central and Northern Europe and, since 2016, it has been included in the list of invasive species important for the European Union and subjected to confinement and eradication measures which include the prohibition of collection, transit and placing on the market of live specimens (Regulation (EC) N° 1143/2014). The Chinese Crab can represent a significant danger for the local ecosystem and for the native biota as well as contributing to the appearance of hydrogeological instability phenomena resulting from the intense excavation and erosion of the riverbanks.The first finding of 5 kg of live specimens of Eriocheir sinensis was recorded in the official control by the UFS (Functional Simple Unit) veterinary public health and food safety of the “ASL Toscana centro” at an ethnic catering establishment. The specimens were subjected to seizure, photographed, identified morphologically, and subjected to euthanasia and destruction in accordance with the European requirements for welfare and management of animal by-products.From the sanitary point of view, the dangers associated with the consumption of this crab are mainly biological and chemical therefore, risk communication is fundamental, not only at the level of the competent authorities in the sector, but also for the food business operators.
Significance of Tissue Doppler Echocardiography-Based Dispersion Index of Myocardial Velocities in the Differentiation of Ischemic and Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy: A Novel Echocardiographic Parameter
Authors: Sandeep Narra , Naidu Otikunta Adikesava , Srinivas Ravi , Praveen Nagula , Reddy Parvathareddy Krishna Malakonda 
Published: August 2020

Background:
Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) echocardiography, an objective method for the quantification of left ventricular (LV) function, can detect subtle alterations in contractility both in rest and stress echocardiography.

Aim:
The study aims were to (1) compare TDI parameters in patients with heart failure (HF) of ischemic and nonischemic etiology, (2) to differentiate both subsets based on velocity dispersion index (VDI) at mitral valve, and (3) to identify parameters that help in identifying the ischemic etiology of HF.

Materials and Methods:
Patients with symptomatic HF (NYHA class ≥II; LV ejection fraction <40%) were included in the study. Patients with aortic and mitral valve diseases, prosthetic valves, and cor pulmonale were excluded from the study. All patients underwent coronary angiography after stabilization. A total of 100 patients admitted between May 2017 and October 2018 were enrolled.

Results:
The mean age of presentation was earlier in nonischemic group compared to that of ischemic group of HF (43.4 ± 10.91 vs. 54.06 ± 10.40; P= 0.001). No significant differences in the mitral inflow velocities by conventional Doppler were found. The mean mitral TDI velocities were lower in the nonischemic group compared to those of the ischemic group. Systolic VDI, V s' >25.40 (sensitivity 91.7% and specificity 100%), and diastolic VDI, V e' >17.35 (sensitivity 86.7% and specificity 87.5%), were associated with the probability of diagnosing the ischemic cause of HF.

Conclusions:
VDIs help in the differentiation of ischemic and nonischemic etiologies of HF compared to the conventional echocardiography.
Measurement of Aortic Root Dimensions by Transthoracic Echocardiogram in Normal Indian Population
Authors: Venkatesan S. , Kumar G. Prathap , Nenwani Deepak , Swaminathan N. , Shankar G. Ravi , Paul G. Justin 
Published: August 2020

Background:Aortic root dimension varies on the basis of age, body surface area, ethnicity, and in pathological states such as bicuspid aortic valve and connective tissue disorders.Aim:This observational study has been done to determine aortic root dimension in normal Indian population. In this study, aortic root dimensions were measured by two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography in parasternal long axis (PLAX) view by inner edge to inner edge method.Materials and Methods:Clinically normal Indian population was prospectively recruited. All participants were asymptomatic. All echocardiographic measurements were done twice and image acquired by single observer on the same machine. Aortic root dimensions measurements were done with 2D echo in PLAX view at 4-level aortic annulus, sinus of Valsalva, sinotubular junction, and proximal ascending aorta.Results:Aortic annulus does not show any significant correlation with age. Age parameter shows a significant correlation with the ascending aorta and sinus, sino-tubular (ST) junction. Weight parameter shows a significant correlation with annulus, sinus, and ST junction. Height parameter shows a significant correlation with all aortic dimensions.Conclusion:Indian patient has different body surface area than the Western population; therefore, there is a need of standard normal aortogram dimension for normal Indian population.
Biopolítica, previdência e desigualdade: uma análise das propostas de alteração no sistema de seguridade social brasileiro
Authors: Correa Laura Henrique , Ribeiro Wesllay Carlos 
Published: August 2020

Os principais argumentos favoráveis à reforma previdenciária são o crescimento da expectativa de vida e a diminuição da população economicamente ativa. Com o objetivo de apontar os possíveis efeitos da alteração no sistema de seguridade, foi proposta uma reflexão biopolítica, através de um recorte do crescimento da população e das desigualdades expressas por região. A metodologia utilizada foi a análise descritiva, com coleta de dados secundários apresentados por órgãos oficiais: IBGE, IPEA e o Ministério da Fazenda. Ao final observa-se o impulso: à desigualdade, à migração de custos da previdência para a saúde, o prejuízo econômico a longo prazo e o delineamento de justificativas para a retirada de outros direitos sociais.
Política de cotas raciais no ensino superior: perspectivas e desafios
Authors: Souza Maciana de Freitas e , Junior Francisco Vieira de Souza , Dos Santos Silva Aylana Paula , Alencar Francisca Ilania de 
Published: August 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar como se configura a adoção das cotas nas universidades públicas brasileiras e a atuação do Estado nesse processo. A metodologia utilizada foi uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental com base em leis referentes à política de educação. Conclui-se que a Lei federal 12.711/2012 representou um avanço significativo no acesso da população negra ao ensino superior. Entretanto, a política de assistência estudantil precisa ser aperfeiçoada com vistas a garantir a permanência dos alunos negros cotistas nas universidades.