bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between multiple lifestyle behaviors and health-related quality of life among elderly individuals with prediabetes in rural communities in China
Authors: Hu Zhao , Qin Lulu , Kaminga Atipatsa Chiwanda , Xu Huilan 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Evidence of the effect of lifestyle behaviors on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is scarce or ambiguous. The objective of the present study was to explore the associations between multiple lifestyle behaviors and HRQoL among the elderly individuals with prediabetes.
Four hundred thirty-four elderly individuals with prediabetes were included in this cross-sectional study. The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36) was used to assess HRQoL. Multiple lifestyle behaviors, including smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, dietary habits, daily sedentary time and sleep duration were self-reported. The associations between HRQoL and multiple lifestyle behaviors were examined using a multivariate linear regression analysis.
Lower-risk physical activities (β =3 .19, 95% CI: 1.32, 5.64), dietary habits (β = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.50, 4.72), and sedentary time (β = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.21, 4.81) were positively associated with the physical health component score (PCS) for HRQoL. Meanwhile, a lower-risk behavior, such as sleep duration (β = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.77, 4.51), was associated with a higher mental health component score (MCS) for HRQoL after adjusting for socio-demographic factors, chronic diseases, anthropometric data and all other lifestyle behaviors. Engaging in a greater number of lower-risk lifestyle behaviors was positively correlated with a better HRQoL.
Multiple lifestyle behaviors were associated with HRQoL among the elderly individuals with prediabetes in rural areas. These results highlight the need for multiple lifestyle behavioral interventions to maintain and improve HRQoL in the elderly individuals with prediabetes.
Prognostic factors for neurological outcomes in Korean targeted temperature management recipients with return of spontaneous circulation after out-of-hospital cardiac arrests
Authors: Kim Jae Guk , Shin Hyungoo , Choi Hyun Young , Kim Wonhee , Kim Jihoon , Moon Shinje , Kim Bongyoung , Ahn Chiwon , Lee Juncheol 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Targeted temperature management (TTM) is recommended for comatose patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs). Even after successful TTM, several factors could influence the neuroprotective effect of TTM. The aim of this study is to identify prognostic factors associated with good neurological outcomes in TTM recipients.
This study used nationwide data during 2012 to 2016 to investigate prognostic factors associated with good neurological outcomes in patients who received TTM after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyse the factors that may affect the neurological outcomes in the TTM recipients.
The study included 1578 eligible patients, comprising 767 with good and 811 with poor neurological outcomes. Multivariable analyses showed that OHCA in public places (OR, 1.599; 95% CI, 1.100–2.323, P
= .014), initial shockable rhythms (OR, 1.721; 95% CI, 1.191–2.486, P
= .004), pre-hospital ROSCs (OR, 6.748; 95% CI, 4.703–9.682, P < .001), bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) (OR, 1.715; 95% CI, 1.200–2.450, P
= .003), and primary coronary interventions (PCIs) (OR, 2.488; 95% CI, 1.639–3.778, P < .001) were statistically significantly associated with good neurological outcomes. Whereas, increase of age (OR, 0.962; 95% CI, 0.950–0.974, P < .001) and conventional cooling (OR, 0.478; 95% CI, 0.255–0.895, P
= .021) were statistically significantly associated with poor neurological outcome.
This study suggests that being younger, experiencing OHCA in public places, having initial shockable rhythm, pre-hospital ROSC, and bystander CPR, implementing PCIs and applying intravascular or surface cooling devices compared to conventional cooling method could predict good neurological outcomes in post-cardiac arrest patients who received TTM.
Prognostic role of galectins expression in patients with hepatic cancer
Authors: Shao Qi , He Jing , Chen Zhiming , Wu Changping 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Objective:
The objective of this study was to illustrate the prognostic value of diversified galectins in patients with hepatic cancer via meta-analysis.

Methods:
We conducted a systematic search on PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, and Wanfang Data for studies that reported associations between galectin expression and the prognosis for hepatic cancer patients, from the inception of each database to March 20, 2019. The combined hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated to investigate the prognosis.

Results:
We collected 11 studies of 1957 patients in our meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that overall galectin expression was not correlated with OS (HR = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.84–1.79, P = .29) or DFS/RFS (HR = 0.808, 95% CI = 0.376–1.735, P = .42) in liver cancer patients. In stratified analyses, we observed that high galectin-1 and galectin-3 expression was significantly associated with poor OS. The pooled HR of galectin-4 and galectin-9 was correlated with improved OS.

Conclusion:
Our results indicate that the high expression of galectin-1 and -3 and the low expression of galectin-4 and -9 may be predictive prognostic factors for poor OS in liver cancer patients.
Role of Xingnaojing Injection in treating acute cerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Ma Xiao , Wang Tao , Wen Jianxia , Wang Jian , Zeng Nan , Zou Wenjun , Yang Yuxue 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
Xingnaojing injection (XNJi) is widely used for acute cerebral hemorrhage. However, the efficacy of XNJi for acute cerebral hemorrhage has not been comprehensively proved by systematic analysis yet. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the efficacy and safety of XNJi in an evidence-based method.

Methods:
Six databases were searched with XNJi used for acute cerebral hemorrhage in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Meta-analysis was performed by Review Manager 5.3. The efficacy rate, brain edema, cerebral hematoma, neurological deficit score, hs-crp, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and activities of daily living (ADL) were systematically evaluated. The Cochrane risk of bias was used to evaluate the methodological quality of eligible studies.

Results:
This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018098737). Twenty-nine studies with a total of 2638 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with conventional treatment, XNJi got higher efficacy rate (OR = 3.37, 95% CI [2.65, 4.28], P < .00001). Moreover, XNJi showed significant enhancement of efficacy rate via subgroup analysis in course and dosage. In addition, XNJi demonstrated significant improvement in Chinese stroke scale (CSS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NHISS) (mean difference [MD] = −4.74, 95% CI [−5.89, −3.60], P < .00001; MD = −4.45, 95% CI [−5.49, −3.41], P < .00001), GCS (MD = 2.72, 95% CI [2.09, 3.35], P < .00001). It also remarkably decreased the level of hs-crp (MD = −6.50, 95% CI [−7.79, −5.21], P < .00001), enhanced ADL (MD = 20.38, 95% CI [17.98, 22.79], P < .00001), and alleviated hematoma and edema (MD = −2.53, 95% CI [−4.75, −0.31] P < .05; MD = −1.74 95% CI [−2.42, −1.07] P < .00001) compared with conventional treatment.

Conclusion:
XNJi is effective in treating acute cerebral hemorrhage with significant improvement of CSS, NHISS and impairment of hs-crp, hematoma, and edema compared with conventional treatment. Moreover, XNJi got remarkable efficacy at the dose of 20, 30, 60 mL and from 7 to 28 days. No serious adverse reactions occurred. These results were mainly based on small-sample and low-quality studies. Therefore, more rigorous, large-scale RCTs were further needed to confirm its efficacy, safety, and detailed characteristic of application.
Blood-based FTIR-ATR spectroscopy coupled with extreme gradient boosting for the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Guang Peiwen , Huang Wendong , Guo Liu , Yang Xinhao , Huang Furong , Yang Maoxun , Wen Wangrong , Li Li 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Timely diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and early intervention and treatment of it are important for controlling metabolic disorders, delaying and reducing complications, reducing mortality, and improving quality of life. Type 2 diabetes was diagnosed by Fourier transform mid-infrared (FTIR) attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy in combination with extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). Whole blood FTIR-ATR spectra of 51 clinically diagnosed type 2 diabetes and 55 healthy volunteers were collected. For the complex composition of whole blood and much spectral noise, Savitzky–Golay smoothing was first applied to the FTIR-ATR spectrum. Then PCA was used to eliminate redundant data and got the best number of principle components. Finally, the XGBoost algorithm was used to discriminate the type 2 diabetes from healthy volunteers and the grid search algorithm was used to optimize the relevant parameters of the XGBoost model to improve the robustness and generalization ability of the model. The sensitivity of the optimal XGBoost model was 95.23% (20/21), the specificity was 96.00% (24/25), and the accuracy was 95.65% (44/46). The experimental results show that FTIR-ATR spectroscopy combined with XGBoost algorithm can diagnose type 2 diabetes quickly and accurately without reagents.
Traditional Chinese medicine Danggui Shaoyao San for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: You Yu , Liu Xinglong , You Yanyan , Liu Dan , Zhang Chunjiang , Chen Yunhui , Zhang Tiane 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Traditional Chinese formula Danggui Shaoyao San (DSS) has been considered a potential therapeutic approach for AD. However, no systemic review regarding its efficacy and safety has been conducted. Herein, we propose a protocol for the study that aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DSS in patients with AD.

Methods:
Sixteen electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane database, Web of science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wanfang database, China Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry System, Koreanstudies Information Service System, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, Research Information Sharing Service, DBpia, Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal, Japanese CiNii databases and J-STAGE databases will be searched from the inception up to February 29, 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that meet the pre-specified eligibility criteria will be included. RevMan software (V.5.3.5) will be used to perform data synthesis following data extraction and publication risk assessment. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis will be performed according to the condition of included RCTs. The primary outcomes include changes in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog), and Activities of Daily Living scale (ADL). Additional outcomes are clinical effective rate and adverse event rate. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system will be used to assess the strength of the evidence.

Results:
This study will provide a well-reported and high-quality synthesis of RCTs on the efficacy and safety of DSS for the treatment of AD.

Conclusion:
This systematic review protocol will be helpful for providing evidence of whether DSS is an effective and safe therapeutic approach for patients with AD.

Ethics and dissemination:
Ethical approval is not necessary as this protocol is only for systematic review and does not involve privacy data or conduct an animal experiment. This protocol will be disseminated by a peer-review journal or conference presentation.

Systematic review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42020150450.
Efficacy and safety of shenqi compound for the treatment of diabetic macroangiopathy
Authors: Hu Zhipeng , Yang Maoyi , Xie Chunguang , Gao Hong , Fu Xiaoxu , Xie Hongyan , Liu Ya 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
Diabetic macroangiopathy is a further complication of diabetes mellitus and is the leading cause of death for diabetic patients. Shenqi compound (SC) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula widely used in the treatment of diabetes and diabetic macroangiopathy. At present, there is only 1 systematic review on SC in the treatment of diabetes. However, no meta-analysis has evaluated the efficacy and safety of SC on diabetic macroangiopathy.

Methods and analysis:
Three English database and four Chinese medical databases will be searched from its inception to February 2020. Then 2 methodological trained researchers will screen the qualified articles by reading the title, abstract, and full texts according to an established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The assessment of risk of bias will be conducted by using the Cochrane collaboration's tool. We will conduct meta-analyses for fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial blood glucose (PBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and other outcomes. The heterogeneity of data will be evaluated by Cochrane χ
2 and I

2
tests. We establish 3 hypotheses before the subgroup analysis actually starts: disease status at baseline, duration of intervention, type of concomitant medication. We will conduct sensitivity analysis to evaluate the stability of the results, funnel plot analysis, and Egger test to evaluate the publication bias, and assessment for the quality of evidence by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluate system (GRADE).

Results:
The results will be published at a peer-reviewed journal.

Conclusion:
In this study, we will systematically evaluate the evidence of SC in the treatment of diabetic macroangiopathy. Our research is supposed to provide evidence-based support for clinical practice.
Prognostic significance of E-cadherin expression in prostatic carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Xiwen , Zhang Zhenhua , Chen Shuntai , Jiang Juling , Qi Runzhi , Mi Xue , Zhang Xing , Xi Yupeng , Zheng Honggang , Hua Baojin 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
Increasing studies were performed to explore the prognostic value of E-cadherin in prostatic carcinoma, however, with inconsistent results. Hence, this systematic review is aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of E-cadherin in patients with prostatic carcinoma (PCa).

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search in all available databases will be conducted to identify eligible studies. We will employ hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to estimate the correlations between E-cadherin expression and overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), relapse-free survival (RFS), progression-free survival (PFS) and clinicopathological features. Meta-analysis will be performed using Review Manager (Revman) 5.3.5 software (Cochrane Community, London, United Kingdom) and STATA 14 software (version 14.0; Stata Corp, College Station, TX).

Results:
This study will provide a high-quality synthesis of current evidence of the correlations between snail expression and OS, DFS/RFS, PFS and clinicopathological features.

Conclusion:
The study will provide updated evidence to assess whether the expression of E-cadherin is in association with poor prognosis in patients with PCa.

Ethics and dissemination:
It is not necessary for ethical approval because individuals cannot be identified. The protocol will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal or presented at a relevant conference.

Prospero registration number:
This systematic review protocol has been registered in the PROSPERO network (No. CRD42019128353).
Epidemiological characteristics of hepatic echinococcosis, concurrent cerebral echinococcosis, and pulmonary echinococcosis in Ganzi County, Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Ma Li , Chen De-Cai , Zou Shi-Yue , Liu Yan-Yi , Zhou Lin-Yong , Xiu Zhi-Gang 
Published: April 2020

Abstract
Human echinococcosis has become a major public health problem in most parts of the world. The objective of this article was to study the demographics of patients with hepatic echinococcosis in Ganzi County to elucidate the main risk factors, as well as to report the concurrent prevalence of cerebral echinococcosis and pulmonary echinococcosis.
We recruited 195 patients with hepatic echinococcosis from the Datongma area of Ganzi County from January 2018 to November 2018. The patients’ demographics, living environments, supported medical resources, knowledge of echinococcosis prevention and control, and hygienic practices were investigated and analyzed. The prevalence of cerebral echinococcosis and pulmonary echinococcosis were also investigated.
The data were analyzed to identify risk factors for human echinococcosis. Our analysis showed that the herding Tibetan population within the 20 to 60 age group, and females, in particular, were at the highest risk of human echinococcosis infection. Having stray dogs around habitations and intimate activities with dogs and livestock were also behavioral risk factors. People with poor health literacy and low educational qualifications had possible risks of infection. In terms of hygiene, not using tap water as the drinking water source and lack of medical staff were significantly correlated with echinococcosis prevalence. Four patients were diagnosed with cerebral echinococcosis. Among them, 1 patient had both cerebral echinococcosis and pulmonary echinococcosis.
Possible high-risk factors for echinococcosis were being female, herding population, in the 20 to 60 age group, having stray dogs around habitations, having activities with dogs and livestock, having poor health literacy, having low educational qualifications, and not using tap water as a drinking water source. The detection rate for brain echinococcosis in patients with hepatic echinococcosis was high (2.05%). Effective preventive strategies should be implemented in epidemic areas. Head CT scans should be applied for early detection of cerebral echinococcosis to carry out the treatment.
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: Academic insights and perspectives through bibliometric analysis
Authors: He Lugeng , Fang Hui , Chen Chao , Wu Yanqi , Wang Yuyong , Ge Hongwei , Wang Lili , Wan Yuehua , He Huadong 
Published: April 2020

Abstract

Background:
In recent years, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (MCRPC) and studies related to MCRPC have drawn global attention. The main objective of this bibliometric study was to provide an overview of MCRPC, explore clusters and trends in research and investigate the future direction of MCRPC research.

Methods:
A total of 4089 publications published between 1979 and 2018 were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database. Different aspects of MCRPC research, including the countries/territories, institutions, journals, authors, research areas, funding agencies and author keywords, were analyzed.

Results:
The number of annual MCRPC publications increased rapidly after 2010. American researchers played a vital role in this increase, as they published the most publications. The most productive institution was Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. De Bono, JS (the United Kingdom [UK]) and Scher, HI (the United States of America [USA]) were the two most productive authors. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) funded the largest number of published papers. Analyses of keywords suggested that therapies (abiraterone, enzalutamide, etc.) would attract global attention after US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval.

Conclusions:
Developed countries, especially the USA, were the leading nations for MCRPC research because of their abundant funding and frequent international collaborations. Therapy was one of the most vital aspects of MCRPC research. Therapies targeting DNA repair or the androgen receptor (AR) signing pathway and new therapies especially prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based radioligand therapy (RLT) would be the next focus of MCRPC research.
Application of multiple injections of contrast agent in head and neck CT arteriovenous angiography in children
Authors: Tang Shilong , Zhang Guanping , Chen Zhuo , Liu Xianfan , Fan Xiao , Liu Daisong , He Ling 
Published: April 2020

AbstractObjective:To investigate the application value of multiple injections of contrast agent in head and neck CT arteriovenous angiography in children.Methods:A total of 100 children aged 6 to 7 years who needed head and neck CT arteriovenous angiography were prospectively selected. They were randomly divided into a control group and a research group, with 50 children in each group. The same scanning parameters and reconstruction methods were used. The right median cubital vein was injected intravenously with the contrast agent Omnipaque (350 mg I/ml). For children in the control group, a bolus of undiluted contrast agent (dose was 2 ml/kg, upper limit was 50 ml) was injected 1 time. The arterial phase and vein phase of the head and neck vessels were scanned. For children in the research group, a contrast agent bolus diluted with saline to a concentration of 20% was first injected (dose was 1 ml/kg, upper limit was 25 ml), and then an undiluted contrast agent bolus (dose was 1 ml/kg, upper limit was 25 ml) was injected. Thresholds were used to trigger the scanning of the head and neck arterial phases. The CT image quality of the head and neck arteries and veins, radiation dose and contrast agent dose were compared between the 2 groups.Results:Subjective evaluation of CT image quality of arteries: there were 47 cases of 4 points and 3 cases of 3 points in the control group and 34 cases of 4 points and 16 cases of 3 points in the research group. Subjective evaluation of CT image quality of veins: there were 47 cases of 4 points and 3 cases of 3 points in the control group and 5 cases of 4 points, 42 cases of 3 points and 3 cases of 2 points in the research group. The CT value of brain arterial vessel enhancement was higher in the control group than the research group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < .05). The CT value of vein enhancement was higher in the control group than the research group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < .05). The X-ray dose in the research group was 51% lower than that in the control group; the contrast agent dose in the research group was 44% lower than that in the control group.Conclusion:For the head and neck enhanced CT examination of children, the method of first bolus injection of 20% diluted contrast agent and later bolus injection of undiluted contrast agent can clearly demonstrate the head and neck arteries and veins one time, reducing the X-ray dose and contrast agent dose, which has clinical practical value in the enhanced CT examination of children with head and neck disease.