bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probing the impact of varied migration and gas accretion rates for the formation of giant planets in the pebble accretion scenario
Authors: Ndugu N , Bitsch B , Morbidelli A , Crida A , Jurua E 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT
The final orbital position of growing planets is determined by their migration speed, which is essentially set by the planetary mass. Small mass planets migrate in type-I migration, while more massive planets migrate in type-II migration, which is thought to depend mostly on the viscous evolution rate of the disc. A planet is most vulnerable to inward migration before it reaches type-II migration and can lose a significant fraction of its semimajor axis at this stage. We investigated the influence of different disc viscosities, the dynamical torque, and gas accretion from within the horseshoe region as mechanisms for slowing down planet migration. Our study confirms that planets growing in low viscosity environments migrate less, due to the earlier gap opening and slower type-II migration rate. We find that taking the gas accretion from the horseshoe region into account allows an earlier gap opening and this results in less inward migration of growing planets. Furthermore, this effect increases the planetary mass compared to simulations that do not take the effect of gas accretion from the horseshoe region. Moreover, combining the effect of the dynamical torque with the effect of gas accretion from the horseshoe region, significantly slows down inward migration. Taking these effects into account could allow the formation of cold Jupiters (a &gt; 1 au) closer to the water ice line region compared to previous simulations that did not take these effects into account. We, thus, conclude that gas accretion from within the horseshoe region and the dynamical torque play crucial roles in shaping planetary systems.
FITs: forest of imputation trees for recovering true signals in single-cell open chromatin profiles
Authors: Sharma Rachesh , Pandey Neetesh , Mongia Aanchal , Mishra Shreya , Majumdar Angshul , Kumar Vibhor 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The advent of single-cell open-chromatin profiling technology has facilitated the analysis of heterogeneity of activity of regulatory regions at single-cell resolution. However, stochasticity and availability of low amount of relevant DNA, cause high drop-out rate and noise in single-cell open-chromatin profiles. We introduce here a robust method called as forest of imputation trees (FITs) to recover original signals from highly sparse and noisy single-cell open-chromatin profiles. FITs makes multiple imputation trees to avoid bias during the restoration of read-count matrices. It resolves the challenging issue of recovering open chromatin signals without blurring out information at genomic sites with cell-type-specific activity. Besides visualization and classification, FITs-based imputation also improved accuracy in the detection of enhancers, calculating pathway enrichment score and prediction of chromatin-interactions. FITs is generalized for wider applicability, especially for highly sparse read-count matrices. The superiority of FITs in recovering signals of minority cells also makes it highly useful for single-cell open-chromatin profile from in vivo samples. The software is freely available at https://reggenlab.github.io/FITs/.
Hit Me  with Your Best Shot
Authors: Brogaard Berit 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
In common parlance, “contempt” is often subsumed under “hate.” When we speak of group hate, hate groups, hate crimes, hate speech, hate campaigns, and hate mail, this is the sense of “hate” we have in mind. We can call this the “wide sense” of hate. This chapter offers an analysis of hate and contempt as complex emotions that have other emotions as proper parts. Contempt, it is argued, is composed of disgust and condemnation, which is a strong form of disrespect for or disapproval of a person for her failings overall or as engaged in a particular pursuit. Hate, in its narrow sense, is composed of resentment (or indignation), condemnation, and apprehension. Along the way, it is shown that disrespect is the component that unites what the author calls the “antagonistic emotions.” The latter include anger, resentment, indignation, envy, blame, contempt, and hate.
Bad to the Bone
Authors: Brogaard Berit 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Hate and contempt are emotions. But hate- and contempt-proneness are personality traits, traits that are particularly common in borderlines, narcissists, and psychopaths, but also in far-right extremists and others who hate people on account of their group membership. Although both hate and contempt are sometimes morally defensible, the failure of people with hate- and contempt-proneness to adapt to situational factors make them prone to display hatred in ways that are morally inappropriate. This raises the question of whether hate- and contempt-prone people are responsible for their morally indefensible behaviors and to what extent they choose to act maliciously. This chapter argues that the malicious acts of hate- and contempt-prone people are grounded in their defective moral character but that they are nonetheless responsible for their abhorrent acts.
Killing in the Name Of
Authors: Brogaard Berit 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This chapter grapples with the nature of group hate and collective hate. Group hate is hate targeted at groups or individuals because of their group membership. Collective hate is hate that a group has toward a common target or that group members have toward a target on behalf of their group. Collective hate is a special case of collective intentionality, the capacity of minds to be jointly directed toward objects, people, values, or goals. Collective hatred requires a joint commitment to hate or to act as if one hates a person or group. After fleshing out the concepts of group hate and collective hate, the chapter looks at the role of propaganda, fake news, and group polarization in securing a joint commitment to hate certain groups or people who belong to those groups.
Keep the Change, You Filthy Animal
Authors: Brogaard Berit 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Far-right supporters paint a rosy image of the luxurious lifestyle of the 1950s white middle-class families or the Southern family living in peaceful agrarian communities in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. In each imagined society traditional white American families lead satisfying, stress-free lives, which they built through honest hard work. The traditional values they embraced offered clear guidance on how to move up in society through hard work and willpower, unburdened by people of color, asylum seekers, illegal immigrants, homeless, or other “inferior free-riders.” This American Phantasy lies at the core of the nefarious ideology that underpins white nationalism in America today and makes far-right extremists look down on non-whites with dehumanizing contempt and explode in hateful fits of rage when they don’t acknowledge their “proper place” in society. The newfound confidence of far-right extremists is partially due to the fact that the president refuses to condemn their hate crimes, but also to the ease of recruiting new members among hard-working people who tire in their struggle against the tide and young people who are increasingly likely to harbor vulnerable dark personalities, making them so thirsty for accolade that extremists specializing in ego-stroking have a good chance of recruiting them.
A City of Saints
Authors: Calvillo Jonathan E. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This chapter discusses how religion delineates boundary markers related to ethnic identity. It provides a snapshot of two of Santa Ana’s religious communities, one Catholic and one evangelical, to demonstrate the ritualized approaches of ethnic identity construction tied to each respective religious tradition. Critical differences between these two communities emerge in relation to understandings of the past, a dimension closely linked to ethnic identity construction. Distinct understandings of ethnic history, the author argues, lead to diverging patterns in how peoplehood is experienced across these groupings. Secondly, the author argues for a social boundary approach to explain how ethnic identity is maintained and negotiated, both within groups and across groups. That is, ethnic identity is significantly affected by in-group differences across religion. Finally, the author argues that intra-group boundaries between co-ethnic Catholics and evangelicals are consistently reproduced through face-to-face interactions in Santa Ana.
The Authentic Ethnic Self
Authors: Calvillo Jonathan E. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This chapter examines how Mexican immigrants in Santa Ana articulate notions of who they are ethnically. The author conceptualizes group differences in ethnic self-identification in relation to the boundary work being done among Catholics and evangelicals. Generally, most respondents, both Catholic and evangelical, identify as Mexican. A subset of respondents identifies using pan-ethnic labels such as Latino or Hispanic. Whereas both religious groups show similar patterns in the labels of ethnic self-identification that they select, Catholics and evangelicals employ diverging discursive strategies to qualify their responses. Catholics exhibit more confidence in their responses to questions of ethnic self-identification. Evangelicals engage in extended discursive labor to legitimate their ethnic labels. The author argues that these diverging discourses uncover contestations within the broader ethnic community about what legitimate ethnic identity should look like.
Defining Commitments through Spiritual Dialogue
Authors: Calvillo Jonathan E. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This chapter argues that religious commitments are often articulated by Santaneros as a sense of ongoing communication with divine and spiritual entities. This particular pattern signals commonality between Catholics and evangelicals in that members of both groups emphasize seeking spiritual guidance through their choices of religious commitments. Though Catholics and evangelicals differ in some of their respective practices related to communicating with spiritual entities, the expectations of divine guidance are similar. I argue that notions of spiritual dialogue are especially helpful to Santaneros as they evaluate the diverse religious options at their disposal. Santaneros concretize and affirm their religious commitments through practices of divine conversation. In navigating the ethnic space of Santa Ana, divine dialogue imbues the urban landscape with a sense of supernaturalism.
Under the Puppet Ruler
Authors: Worthington Ian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
This chapter discusses Athens in the early Hellenistic period, especially when subject to the rule of Demetrius of Phalerum. Alexander’s death also sparked the Wars of the Successors as his senior staff carved up his empire among themselves, but then went to war for even more territory. Athens was involved in these wars, especially when Antipater’s son Cassander won control of Greece, and established a puppet ruler in Athens by name of Demetrius of Phalerum. For ten years Athens was subject to Demetrius’ absolute rule. He introduced restrictive legislation including sumptuary laws, but he did allow Athenian culture, especially drama and philosophy, to flourish, as he himself was an intellectual. The Wars of the Successors eventually led to the execution of the surviving members of the Argead dynasty (Alexander the Great’s half-brother Philip III and Alexander’s son Alexander IV), and eventually also to the toppling of Demetrius of Phalerum by Demetrius Poliorcetes. But Athens was simply exchanging one Macedonian master for another.
Testing Macedonia
Authors: Worthington Ian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
If the Athenians thought they were free after the departure and death of Poliorcetes, they were mistaken, although their statue to the patriot and Classical orator Demosthenes might indicate they did not understand their reality. They continued their amicable relations with other Greek cities and with Hellenistic kings such as the Ptolemis, but still faced economic woes. Then in the 270s a major invasion of Greece by the Galatians was repelled by Antigonus Gonatas, who went on to claim the Macedonian throne. At first relations between Gonatas and Athens were amicable, but then the city went to war against him in the Chremonidean War. It ended in Athens’ total defeat and Gonatas’ punitive measures against the city. Athens was again firmly under Macedonian control.
Augustus and Athens
Authors: Worthington Ian 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Chapter 12 moves to so-called era of Roman Athens, though this term can also be applied to the city from a century earlier. Augustus and Athens had a rocky relationship at the outset, with the city angering the emperor and having to work to ingratiate itself. Augustus then showed a tolerant attitude toward the city, giving it money to complete the Roman Agora, and Athens was also able to draw on wealthy individuals to fund other projects, with Agrippa also building an odeum in the Agora. Roman visitors continued traveling and studying in the city. After an economic slump there was a rise in prosperity, evidenced by a rise in exports and the flourishing of the port of Piraeus. Culture continued, as did Romans availing themselves of it. But a clear sign of Roman mastery was the introduction of the imperial cult into the city, and the building of a temple to the goddess Roma and Augustus on the Acropolis, the home of the patron deity Athena. One wealthy patron was Julius Nicanor, who acted as some sort of liaison between Athens and Augustus.
Flexible Bodies
Authors: Kedhar Anusha 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Flexible Bodies charts the emergence of British South Asian dance as a distinctive dance genre. Analyzing dance works, dance films, rehearsals, workshops, and touring alongside immigration policy, arts funding initiatives, citizenship discourse, and global economic conditions, author Anusha Kedhar traces shifts in British South Asian dance from 1990s Cool Britannia multiculturalism to fractious race relations in the wake of the July 7, 2005, terrorist attacks to economic fallout from the 2008 global financial crisis, and, finally, to anti-immigrant rhetoric leading up to the Brexit referendum in 2016. Drawing on more than a decade of ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with dancers, in-depth choreographic analysis of major dance works, and the author’s own lived experiences as a professional dancer in London, Flexible Bodies tells the story of British South Asian dancers and the creative ways in which they negotiate the demands of neoliberal, multicultural dance markets through an array of flexible bodily practices, including agility, versatility, mobility, speed, and risk-taking. Attending to pain, injury, and other restrictions on movement, it also reveals the bodily limits of flexibility. Theorizing flexibility as material and metaphor, the book argues that flexibility is both a tool of labor exploitation and a bodily tactic that British South Asian dancers exploit to navigate volatile economic and political conditions. With its unique focus on the everyday aspects of dancing and dance-making Flexible Bodies honors the lives and labor of dancers and their contributions to a distinct and dynamic sector of British dance.
Assimilation
Authors: Kedhar Anusha 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Chapter 2 theorizes the flexibility of, specifically, male British South Asian dancers in relation to debates about assimilation and citizenship that (re-)emerged in the wake of the July 7, 2005, terrorist attacks in London. In neoliberalism, assimilation is required to participate in globalized capitalist markets; otherness must either be integrated or eliminated. The 7/7 bombings, carried out by four British citizens, called into question the allegiance of Britain’s South Asian/Muslim communities, which led to hotly contested debates about the perceived failures of multiculturalism to assimilate Britain’s “Others.” The bombings ossified stereotypes of the British Asian/Muslim man as “rigid” and “inflexible” (in beliefs and ideologies), unable or unwilling to assimilate. Analyzing works by three choreographers, zero degrees (2005) and Abide with Me (2012) by Akram Khan, Faultline (2007) by Shobana Jeyasingh, and Quick! (2006) by Nina Rajarani, this chapter examines how British South Asian choreographers countered popular (mis)conceptions of British Asian/Muslim men as rigid and inflexible in the post-7/7 national imaginary by staging more fluid, flexible, and, thus, more assimilable British Asian masculinities. It also foregrounds the onstage and offstage experiences of some of the male dancers in these works and how they navigated increased surveillance, racism, and restrictions on movement in the aftermath of the bombings.
Mobility
Authors: Kedhar Anusha 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Chapter 3 theorizes the flexibility of migrant South Asian dancers in Britain in relation to neoliberal demands for the transnational mobility of labor, on the one hand, and restrictive British immigration and citizenship policies, on the other. The artistic contributions of migrant South Asian dancers have been integral to the aesthetic development of British South Asian dance but have gone largely unacknowledged. This chapter tracks the various legal, economic, cultural, and political factors that both facilitated and hindered the mobility of transnational dance labor from India and the Indian diaspora to Britain between the 1990s and 2010s. In particular, it examines how immigration policies have choreographed the movement of transnational dance labor across borders, both speeding it up and slowing it down and, sometimes, stopping it altogether. Keeping the lives of transnational South Asian dancers and their experiences of migration at the forefront, the chapter takes an intimate look at how dancers negotiated volatile economic and political conditions. It argues that transnational dancers present a unique case in the study of flexibility insofar as they are hyperflexible: versatile (across dance forms), but also agile (across borders) and adaptable (across cultures). Focusing on these three aspects of flexibility, the chapter explores how hyperflexibility was demanded of and cultivated by migrant dancers to various ends and effects, and with varying degrees of stretch-ability.
Risk
Authors: Kedhar Anusha 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Chapter 4 theorizes flexibility in relation to neoliberal discourses of risk. The beginnings of neoliberalism in the 1970s are marked by a significant shift in capital’s relationship to risk, from risk-aversion to risk-seeking. The emergence of British South Asian dance in the 1980s roughly aligns with this late twentieth-century rise in risk-taking. This chapter examines how neoliberal demands for risk echo and intersect with British multiculturalism’s expectations on South Asian dancers to display virtuosity, speed, and versatility. Together, they create conditions of physical pain and economic precarity for racialized dancing bodies. Dancers’ bodies, however, are not merely inscribed by neoliberalism and multiculturalism. South Asian dancers use choreographic tools and other bodily tactics to gain creative control over their bodily labor and continue to circulate within a competitive British dance economy in ways that are safe and pleasurable. Drawing on Talal Asad’s notion of “pain as action,” this chapter demonstrates how British South Asian dancers intentionally and strategically respond to demands for risk-taking and flexibility through small, seemingly insignificant corporeal tactics, such as enduring pain, modifying choreographic tasks, and practicing care of self and care of others.
Against Egalitarianism
Authors: Vallier Kevin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Highly redistributive taxation and left-wing regimes like property-owning democracy and liberal socialism cannot create trust for the right reasons. They are either likely to reduce social and political trust or cannot be publicly justified, or both. For example, property-owning democracy and liberal socialism are likely to sacrifice economic growth, violating the principle of sustainable improvements, and undermining the economic bases for political trust in particular. However, liberal societies can probably increase trust for the right reasons by adopting coercion-reducing policies aimed at compressing economic inequalities, such as reducing local control over residential zoning. The market may also be restricted to protect workers from workplace coercion. This chapter addresses important work on the matter from John Rawls, Thomas Piketty, and Martin Gilens.
Epilogue
Authors: Vallier Kevin 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
The epilogue reviews the argument of the book and explores how to restore trust and contain polarization. We can interrupt the negative feedback loop between distrust and partisan divergence through policies firmly within the liberal democratic toolkit. Freedom of association, markets, the welfare state, democratic governance, and elections have all been shown to promote trust for the right reasons. The epilogue also argues against right-wing and left-wing populism on the grounds that departures from liberalism are likely to make matters worse; the trust-generating properties of liberal institutions may be lost in a transition to a more populist regime, be it left-wing or right-wing.
The Task
Authors: Olson Kristi A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Chapter 1 introduces the main question of the book: What is a fair income distribution? The empirical literature seems to assume that equal income would be fair. Consider, for example, the Gini coefficient. The reason researchers report the deviation from equality is presumably because they take equal income to have normative significance. Yet the equal income answer faces two objections. First, equal income is likely to be inefficient. This book sets aside efficiency concerns as a downstream consideration. The second objection—pointed out by both leftist political philosopher G. A. Cohen and conservative economist Milton Friedman—is that equal income is unfair to the hardworking. The question that needs answering, then, is: If equal income is unfair, what distribution of income would be fair?
Van Parijs’ Minimal Undominated Diversity
Authors: Olson Kristi A. 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Chapter 6 examines Philippe Van Parijs’ requirement of minimal undominated diversity. According to the requirement of minimal undominated diversity, if one person’s bundle dominates another person’s bundle—that is, if everyone prefers the first bundle to the second—then goods must be redistributed to the dominated bundle. Yet once the bundle is no longer dominated—that is, once at least one individual weakly prefers the previously dominated bundle—redistribution must end. The solidarity solution, in contrast, would continue to redistribute goods until all bundles could be simultaneously chosen. Minimal undominated diversity thus permits less redistribution. Nonetheless, the bundles to which Van Parijs applies minimal undominated diversity are different from those to which the solidarity applies. Undominated diversity applies to comprehensive endowments; the solidarity solution, in contrast, applies to labor-income bundles. Chapter 6 rejects each of Van Parijs’ four justifications for minimal undominated diversity as applied to labor-income bundles.