bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
American College of Rheumatology Clinical Guidance for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Associated With SARS–CoV‐2 and Hyperinflammation in Pediatric COVID‐19: Version 2
Authors: Henderson Lauren A. , Canna Scott W. , Friedman Kevin G. , Gorelik Mark , Lapidus Sivia K. , Bassiri Hamid , Behrens Edward M. , Ferris Anne , Kernan Kate F. , Schulert Grant S. , Seo Philip , Son Mary Beth F. , Tremoulet Adriana H. , Yeung Rae S. M. , Mudano Amy S. , Turner Amy S. , Karp David R. , Mehta Jay J. 
Published: December 2020

ObjectiveTo provide guidance on the management of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS‐C), a condition characterized by fever, inflammation, and multiorgan dysfunction that manifests late in the course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS–CoV‐2) infection. Recommendations are also provided for children with hyperinflammation during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), the acute, infectious phase of SARS–CoV‐2 infection.MethodsThe Task Force was composed of 9 pediatric rheumatologists and 2 adult rheumatologists, 2 pediatric cardiologists, 2 pediatric infectious disease specialists, and 1 pediatric critical care physician. Preliminary statements addressing clinical questions related to MIS‐C and hyperinflammation in COVID‐19 were developed based on evidence reports. Consensus was built through a modified Delphi process that involved anonymous voting and webinar discussion. A 9‐point scale was used to determine the appropriateness of each statement (median scores of 1–3 for inappropriate, 4–6 for uncertain, and 7–9 for appropriate). Consensus was rated as low, moderate, or high based on dispersion of the votes. Approved guidance statements were those that were classified as appropriate with moderate or high levels of consensus, which were prespecified before voting.ResultsThe first version of the guidance was approved in June 2020, and consisted of 40 final guidance statements accompanied by a flow diagram depicting the diagnostic pathway for MIS‐C. The document was revised in November 2020, and a new flow diagram with recommendations for initial immunomodulatory treatment of MIS‐C was added.ConclusionOur understanding of SARS–CoV‐2–related syndromes in the pediatric population continues to evolve. This guidance document reflects currently available evidence coupled with expert opinion, and will be revised as further evidence becomes available.
Cytomegalovirus haemorrhagic colitis complicating COVID‐19 in an immunocompetent critically ill patient: A case report
Authors: Leemans Sophie , Maillart Evelyne , Van Noten Héloïse , Oliveira Dos Santos Lucas , Leahu Laura Maria , Kamgang Prochore , Gallerani Andrea , Clevenbergh Philippe 
Published: December 2020

AbstractSuspicion threshold for opportunistic coinfections should be lowered in severe COVID‐19. Serum CMV polymerase chain reaction and colonoscopy should be discussed in presence of persistent digestive disturbances.
Long‐term endoscopic findings in pediatric primary intestinal lymphangiectasia
Authors: Kakiuchi Toshihiko , Mizuochi Tatsuki , Koji Azusa , Zhang Yumeng , Sakata Yasuhisa 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis is the first case report comparing endoscopic images of primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (PIL) over 10 years. Regular endoscopic examination is essential in PIL because endoscopic findings do not correlate well with clinical manifestations.
Delayed awakening with apnea as a sign of cerebellar hemorrhage after vestibular schwannoma surgery: A case report
Authors: Nakadate Yosuke , Fukasawa Eri , Ikemoto Kodai , Matsukawa Takashi 
Published: December 2020

AbstractCerebellar hemorrhage after surgery is a rare but critical complication requiring prompt diagnosis and intervention. However, anesthetics can mask most brain compression signs. Prolonged coma with apnea after tumor resection under general anesthesia may indicate the need for prompt imaging to detect or exclude cerebellar lesions.
Oat mega‐environments in Canada
Authors: Yan Weikai , Mitchell‐Fetch Jennifer , Beattie Aaron , Nilsen Kirby T. , Pageau Denis , DeHaan Brad , Hayes Matthew , Mountain Nathan , Cummiskey Allan , MacEachern Dan 
Published: December 2020

AbstractGenotype × environment interaction (GE) is a perennial problem in plant breeding and must be dealt with. Dealing with GE starts with differentiation of repeatable GE from unrepeatable GE in a target region. Repeatable GE can be used by dividing the target region into mega‐environments (MEs) and breeding ME‐specific cultivars, and unrepeatable GE must be accommodated by testing adequately within a ME. This study applied LG (location‐grouping) biplot analysis to several datasets from multiyear oat (Avena sativa L.) variety trials conducted at locations across Canada. Analysis showed that the oat growing regions in Canada can be divided into three MEs: the crown rust (Puccinia coronata Corda f. sp. avenae Eriks.) prone regions in southern and eastern Ontario (ME1), other regions in eastern Canada (ME2), and the Canadian Prairies (ME3). In addition, two sub‐MEs existed within ME2. Latitude was shown to be the main factor for the ME differentiation. The results suggest that oat variety trials should be conducted and cultivar recommendation be made according to MEs, as opposed to by administrative regions that are currently in place.
Dispersed spectrum sensing and scheduling in cognitive radio network based on SSOA‐RR
Authors: Dinesh G. , Venkatakrishnan P. , Jeyanthi K. Meena Alias 
Published: December 2020

SummaryWireless communication is an emerging technology in recent days which involves the transmission of data or information over a wide range of distance. The wireless network is capable of using the unlicensed spectrum for the transmission of data for various applications like medical, science, and industries. There are cases where the licensed spectrum is not utilized up to the level. In such cases, the cognitive radio network (CRN) technology allows cognitive devices to sense it and further enables the dynamic access of the scarce resource for proper utilization. However, the excessive number of bandwidth access may lead to the occurrence of interferences among the system. This is the major issue faced in all CRNs. To resolve this, effective band scheduling mechanism in CRN has been proposed. In this research, efficient spectrum sensing is performed using stochastic optimization algorithm called Salp Swarm Optimization Algorithm (SSOA). This SSOA algorithm utilizes the best fitness function through three phases such as leaving, contention and joining of bands and provides a list of nonacquired list of bands. From the list of bands, the best band with majority bandwidth has been selected using Round Robin (RR) Algorithm. Here, the load system is allotted dynamically. Based on the load factor, the spectrum is scheduled. As a matter of fact, the whole spectrum scheduling methodology depends primarily on the base contributions made by the operation of spectrum sensing. Finally, the performance analysis is estimated for the throughput, settling time, number of bands occupied by base station (BS), and the bands occupied by each BS. From the performance analysis, the proposed system attains better results than other conventional approaches.
Interacting forces of predation and fishing affect species’ maturation size
Authors: Forestier Romain , Blanchard Julia L. , Nash Kirsty L. , Fulton Elizabeth A. , Johnson Craig , Audzijonyte Asta 
Published: December 2020

Abstract

Fishing is a strong selective force and is supposed to select for earlier maturation at smaller body size. However, the extent to which fishing‐induced evolution is shaping ecosystems remains debated. This is in part because it is challenging to disentangle fishing from other selective forces (e.g., size‐structured predation and cannibalism) in complex ecosystems undergoing rapid change.

Changes in maturation size from fishing and predation have previously been explored with multi‐species physiologically structured models but assumed separation of ecological and evolutionary timescales. To assess the eco‐evolutionary impact of fishing and predation at the same timescale, we developed a stochastic physiologically size‐structured food‐web model, where new phenotypes are introduced randomly through time enabling dynamic simulation of species' relative maturation sizes under different types of selection pressures.

Using the model, we carried out a fully factorial in silico experiment to assess how maturation size would change in the absence and presence of both fishing and predation (including cannibalism). We carried out ten replicate stochastic simulations exposed to all combinations of fishing and predation in a model community of nine interacting fish species ranging in their maximum sizes from 10 g to 100 kg. We visualized and statistically analyzed the results using linear models.

The effects of fishing on maturation size depended on whether or not predation was enabled and differed substantially across species. Fishing consistently reduced the maturation sizes of two largest species whether or not predation was enabled and this decrease was seen even at low fishing intensities (F = 0.2 per year). In contrast, the maturation sizes of the three smallest species evolved to become smaller through time but this happened regardless of the levels of predation or fishing. For the four medium‐size species, the effect of fishing was highly variable with more species showing significant and larger fishing effects in the presence of predation.

Ultimately our results suggest that the interactive effects of predation and fishing can have marked effects on species' maturation sizes, but that, at least for the largest species, predation does not counterbalance the evolutionary effect of fishing. Our model also produced relative maturation sizes that are broadly consistent with empirical estimates for many fish species.
Novel biomarkers associated with incident heart failure in 10 106 Finnish men
Authors: Jauhiainen Raimo , Jauhiainen Matti , Vangipurapu Jagadish , Kuulasmaa Teemu , Ala‐Korpela Mika , Laakso Markku , Kuusisto Johanna 
Published: December 2020

AbstractAimsThere are only a few studies on novel biomarkers for incident heart failure (HF). We investigated the association of multiple circulating biomarkers with incident HF in a large prospective population‐based study.Methods and resultsConventional risk factors and inflammatory biomarkers were measured, and systemic metabolic measures determined by a high‐throughput serum nuclear magnetic resonance platform in a population‐based Metabolic Syndrome in Men study including 10 106 Finnish men without HF at baseline. During an 8.8 year follow‐up, 172 (1.7%) participants developed HF. Adiponectin, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), glycoprotein acetyls, alanine, phenylalanine, glycerol, and pyruvate were associated with incident HF in unadjusted Cox regression analyses, in addition to age, systolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose and insulin, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER). After adjustment for age, BMI, diabetes, and statin medication, only adiponectin [hazard ratio (HR) 1.18 (1.10–1.26, P = 4.1E‐08)], pyruvate [HR 1.38 (1.28–1.50, P = 8.2E‐05)], and UAER [HR 1.15 (1.11—1.18, P = 7.8E‐06)] remained statistically significant. In principal component analysis of biomarkers associated with HF in univariate Cox regression analysis, we identified six components, explaining 61.7% of total variance. Four principal components, one with significant loadings on waist, BMI, fasting plasma insulin, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, and hs‐CRP; another on pyruvate, glycoprotein acetyls, alanine, glycerol and HbA1c; third on age and glomerular filtration rate; and fourth on systolic blood pressure, UAER, and adiponectin, significantly associated with incident HF.ConclusionsSeveral novel metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers were associated with incident HF, suggesting early activation of respective pathways in the pathogenesis of HF.
Clonal dynamics in a composite chronic lymphocytic leukemia and hairy cell leukemia‐variant
Authors: Locher Maurus , Jukic Emina , Bohn Jan‐Paul , Untergasser Gerold , Steurer Michael , Cramer Christian Andreas , Schwendinger Simon , Vogi Verena , Verdorfer Irmgard , Witsch‐Baumgartner Martina , Nachbaur David , Gunsilius Eberhard , Wolf Dominik , Zschocke Johannes , Steiner Normann 
Published: December 2020

AbstractComposite lymphoma is the rare simultaneous manifestation of two distinct lymphomas. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has a propensity for occurring in composite lymphomas, a phenomenon that remains to be elucidated. We applied cytogenetics, droplet digital polymerase chain reaction, and massively parallel sequencing to analyze longitudinally a patient with CLL, who 3 years later showed transformation to a hairy cell leukemia‐variant (HCL‐V). Outgrowth of the IGHV4‐34‐positive HCL‐V clone at the expense of the initially dominant CLL clone with trisomy 12 and MED12 mutation started before CLL‐guided treatment and was accompanied by a TP53 mutation, which was already detectable at diagnosis of CLL. Furthermore, deep sequencing of IGH showed a composite lymphoma with presence of both disease components at all analyzed timepoints (down to a minor clone: major clone ratio of ~1:1000). Overall, our analyses showed a disease course that resembled clonal dynamics reported for malignancies with intratumoral heterogeneity and illustrate the utility of deep sequencing of IGH to detect distinct clonal populations at diagnosis, monitor clonal response to therapy, and possibly improve clinical outcomes.
Revisiting Alice Boer: Site formation processes and dating issues of a supposedly pre‐Clovis site in Southeastern Brazil
Authors: de Mello Araujo Astolfo G. , Feathers James K. , Hartmann Gelvam A. , Ladeira Francisco S. B. , Valezio Éverton V. , Nascimento Diego L. , Ricci Olivia , de Oliveira Marum Victor J. , Ferreira da Trindade Ricardo I. 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThe Alice Boer site, located in Southeastern Brazil, was considered to be one of the oldest sites in the Americas, and a strong candidate for being a pre‐Clovis site. Ages obtained by researchers during the 1970s and 1980s put the site inside a chronological range between 2 and 14 ka, eventually reaching as old as 30 ka or even 130 ka. Between 2010 and 2012, our research team revisited the site to improve the knowledge of Paleoindian occupation in Southeastern Brazil. Here, we present new data of stratigraphy and chronology (luminescence and radiocarbon dating), pedological and magnetic analysis performed at some of the sites. Results show that the site's oldest occupation took place ca. 8 ka, which provides new insight into human occupation in South America. In addition, we show some issues with radiocarbon contamination due to soil humin fraction mobility.
Early Allograft Dysfunction Increases Hospital Associated Costs After Liver Transplantation—A Propensity Score–Matched Analysis
Authors: Moosburner Simon , Sauer Igor M. , Förster Frank , Winklmann Thomas , Gassner Joseph Maria George Vernon , Ritschl Paul V. , Öllinger Robert , Pratschke Johann , Raschzok Nathanael 
Published: December 2020

Concepts to ameliorate the continued mismatch between demand for liver allografts and supply include the acceptance of allografts that meet extended donor criteria (ECD). ECD grafts are generally associated with an increased rate of complications such as early allograft dysfunction (EAD). The costs of liver transplantation for the health care system with respect to specific risk factors remain unclear and are subject to change. We analyzed 317 liver transplant recipients from 2013 to 2018 for outcome after liver transplantation and hospital costs in a German transplant center. In our study period, 1‐year survival after transplantation was 80.1% (95% confidence interval: 75.8%‐84.6%) and median hospital stay was 33 days (interquartile rage: 24), with mean hospital costs of €115,924 (SD €113,347). There was a positive correlation between costs and laboratory Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score (rs = 0.48, P < 0.001), and the development of EAD increased hospital costs by €26,229. ECD grafts were not associated with a higher risk of EAD in our cohort. When adjusting for recipient‐associated risk factors such as laboratory Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score, recipient age, and split liver transplantation with propensity score matching, only EAD and cold ischemia increased total costs. Conclusion: Our data show that EAD leads to significantly higher hospital costs for liver transplantation, which are primarily attributed to recipient health status. Strategies to reduce the incidence of EAD are needed to control costs in liver transplantation.
Prognostic value of lipid metabolism‐related genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Xiong Ying , Si Yu , Feng Yisi , Zhuo Shipei , Cui Bozhen , Zhang Zhigang 
Published: December 2020

AbstractBackgroundAltered lipid metabolism is involved in the development of many tumors. However, the role of dissimilar lipid metabolism in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is not fully established.AimsHere, we sought to determine the prognostic value of lipid metabolism‐related genes in HNSCC.MethodsRNA‐seq data and clinical features of 545 HNSCC cases were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. A regulatory network of transcription factors‐lipid metabolism genes and a risk prognostic model of lipid metabolism‐related genes was developed using bioinformatics and Cox regression modeling. We used tumor immune estimation resource to analyze immune cell infiltration in patients with HNSCC based on the prognostic index (PI) of lipid metabolism‐related genes.ResultsA total of 136 differentially expressed lipid metabolism genes were identified. Of these, 23 are related to prognosis. In addition to predicting HNSCC prognosis, 11 lipid metabolism‐related genes (ARSI, CYP27B1, CYP2D6, DGKG, DHCR7, LPIN1, PHYH, PIP5K1B, PLA2G2D, RDH16, and TRIB3) also affect HNSCC clinical features (stage, gender, and pathological stage). The PI of lipid metabolism‐related genes embodied the state of HNSCC tumor immune microenvironment.
Educational Progress‐Time and the Proliferation of Dual Enrollment
Authors: Nordquist Brice , Lueck Amy 
Published: December 2020

AbstractIn this commentary, we use the occasion of the proliferation of dual enrollment to examine the discursive construction of difference between high school and college literacies, and its effects on teachers and students. This discursive divide has real, material consequences. It informs (and constrains) literacy practices and pedagogies, becomes a barrier to access (particularly when operationalized in testing procedures), contributes to dropout and attrition, exacerbates unequal power and resources in communities, and justifies hierarchical relations between high school and college faculty and staff. By deconstructing the definitions of high school and college and the metaphors of containment they rely on, we hope to shift the conversation about dual enrollment and related “bridge” programs away from one of transference or articulation between the high school and college to a more dynamic sense of emergence and negotiation as practiced in our programs and classrooms.
Higher-Impact Physical Activity Is Associated With Maintenance of Bone Mineral Density But Not Reduced Incident Falls or Fractures in Older Men: The Concord Health and Aging in Men Project
Authors: Ng Carrie-Anne , Scott David , Seibel Markus J , Cumming Robert G , Naganathan Vasi , Blyth Fiona M , Le Couteur David G , Waite Louise M , Handelsman David J , Hirani Vasant 
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT
High-impact physical activities with bone strains of high magnitude and frequency may benefit bone health. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations between changes in loading intensities and application rates, estimated from self-reported physical activity, with bone mineral density (BMD) changes over 5 years and also with incident falls over 2 years and long-term incident fractures in community-dwelling older men. A total of 1599 men (mean age 76.8 ± 5.4 years) from the Concord Health and Aging in Men Project (CHAMP) were assessed at baseline (2005–2007) and at 2- and 5-year follow-up. At each time point, hip and lumbar spine BMD were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and physical activity energy expenditure over the past week was self-reported via the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) questionnaire. Sum effective load ratings (ELRs) and peak force were estimated from the PASE questionnaire, reflecting the total and highest loading intensity and application rate of physical activities, respectively. Participants were contacted every 4 months over 2 years to self-report falls and over 6.0 ± 2.2 years for fractures. Hip fractures were ascertained by data linkage for 8.9 ± 3.6 years. Compared with sum ELR and PASE scores, peak force demonstrated the greatest standardized effect size for BMD maintenance at the spine (β = 9.77 mg/cm2), total hip (β = 14.14 mg/cm2), and femoral neck (β = 13.72 mg/cm2) after adjustment for covariates, including PASE components (all p &lt; .01). Only PASE scores were significantly associated with reduced falls risk (standardized incident rate ratio = 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.81–1.00, p = .04). All physical activity measures were significantly associated with reduced incident fractures in univariate analyses, but none remained significant after multivariable adjustments. Older men who engaged in physical activity of high and rapid impact maintained higher BMD, while higher energy expenditure was associated with reduced falls risk. Coupling traditional physical activity data with bone loading estimates may improve understanding of the relationships between physical activity and bone health. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Fluoride release and remineralizing potential of varnishes in early caries lesions in primary teeth
Authors: Soares‐Yoshikawa Aline Laignier , Varanda Thais , Iwamoto Alexsandra Shizue , Kantovitz Kamila Rosamilia , Puppin‐Rontani Regina Maria , Pascon Fernanda Miori 
Published: December 2020

AbstractThis study evaluated the fluoride (F) release and remineralizing potential of varnishes containing sodium fluoride (5% NaF), 5% NaF with CPP‐ACP and 5% NaF with TCP in early caries lesions in primary teeth. To determine the F release at 1, 4, 6, 24, 72, and 168 hr, strips were covered with the varnishes and immersed in purified water (n = 7). The varnishes and purified water (negative control) were applied on enamel blocks with early caries lesions (n = 16). Enamel blocks were stored in artificial saliva and submitted to a pH‐cycling. The area of enamel hardness loss (ΔS) was analyzed by microhardness, lesion depth by polarized light microscopy (PLM) and the chemical analysis by Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. Data were submitted to Shapiro–Wilk, two‐way and one‐way ANOVA, Tukey and paired t‐tests (α = 5%). All varnishes released F, but 5% NaF with CPP‐ACP had the highest release at 4, 6, 24, and 72 hr (p < .05) followed by 5% NaF with TCP and 5% NaF. No significant difference in ΔS was observed among varnishes (5% NaF = 4,098.4 ± 1,407.9; 5% NaF with CPP‐ACP = 4,164.0 ± 1,019.3; 5% NaF with TCP = 4,183.2 ± 1,527.2; p = .999), but all of them differed from the negative control group (6,757.8 ± 2,274.7; p < .001). Lesion depth was lower in varnishes groups compared to negative control (% reduction: 5% NaF = 41.8%, 5% NaF with CPP‐ACP = 38.8%, and 5% NaF with TCP = 36.3%; p < .001). Similar Ca, P, and Ca/P ratio percentages among groups and F was not detected after the treatments. All fluoride varnishes showed potential to enhance remineralization of early caries lesions in primary teeth.