bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperhomocysteinemia accompany with metabolic syndrome increase the risk of left ventricular hypertrophy in rural Chinese
Authors: Yu Shasha , Chen Yintao , Yang Hongmei , Guo Xiaofan , Zheng Liqiang , Sun Yingxian 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: To investigate the influence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in residents in rural Northeast China. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional baseline data analysis of 6837 subjects (mean age: 54±10 years) recruited from a rural area of China. Anthropometric indicators were measured according to standard methods. MetS was defined by the modified ATP III criteria. HHcy was defined according to the WHO standard: an Hcy level >15 μmol/L representing HHcy. Four groups were defined: non-HHcy & non-MetS, HHcy & non-MetS, MetS & non-HHcy and HHcy & MetS. Results: The left ventricular mass index for height2.7 (LVMH2.7) in both sexes was significantly higher in the HHcy & MetS group than in the non-HHcy & non-MetS group (females: 51.23±16.34 vs. 40.09±10.55 gm-2.7, P<0.001; males: 48.67±12.24 gm-2.7 vs. 42.42±11.38 gm-2.7, P<0.001). A similar result was observed in those groups when using the left ventricular mass index (LVMI) for body surface area to define LVH (females: 103.58±31.92 gm-2 vs. 86.63±20.47 gm-2, P<0.001; males: 106.10±24.69 gm-2 vs. 98.16±23.29 gm-2, P<0.001). The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that the HHcy & MetS group had a higher risk of LVH than the other three groups (OR: 1.628 for LVMI, P<0.001, OR: 2.433 for LVMH2.7, P<0.001). Moreover, subjects in the HHcy & non-MetS group [OR (95% CI): 1.297 (1.058, 1.591) for LVMI, P<0.05; OR (95% CI): 1.248 (1.044, 1.492) for LVMH2.7, P<0.05] also had a statistically greater risk of LVH than subjects in the non-HHcy & non-MetS group. The HHcy & non-MetS group was also found to be significantly and independently associated with LVH. Conclusion: Hyperhomocysteinemia has an independent effect on LVH. The combined effect of MetS and hyperhomocysteinemia might increase the strength of the abovementioned effects.
The Diagnosis and Treatment of Low T3 Syndrome in Neurocritical Patients
Authors: Chen Yihao , Chang Jianbo , Yin Rui , Wen Junxian , Ma Baitao , Zuo Wei , Zhang Xiao , Wei Junji 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Low serum T3 level is considered as a strong predictor of mortalities and poor prognosis in critical care patients. Few reports, however, focus on neurocritical patients. The application of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in neurocritical patients with low T3 syndrome also remains controversial. We studied the role of low T3 state as a predictor in neurocritical patients and presented our experience of HRT from a single-center perspective.Methods From January 2012 to October 2018, a total of 32 neurocritical patients with low T3 syndrome were admitted to the neuro-intensive care unit (NICU) of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Among them, 18 (56.25%) patients received HRT (HRT group) since the diagnosis of low T3 syndrome, while the other 14 (43.75%) patients did not (non-HRT group). We collected the clinical baseline and laboratory data of all the patients and conducted follow-up from 3 to 72 months. Overall survival was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier curve and compared by the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was applied to estimate the prognostic power of HRT for mortality. We also performed the Mann-Whitney U test or t-test to assess the influence of HRT on the final neurological function.Results The cohort consists of 32 patients, with an average Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 6.41 (HRT=6.44±3.14, non-HRT=6.36±2.06). The neurocritical events include postoperative complications (n=18), traumatic brain injury (n=8), and spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (n=6). A total of 15 (46.87%) deaths were recorded (HRT=7, non-HRT=8). In the HRT group, the low T3 situation in 5 patients (33.3%) was corrected and 10 (66.7%) were not. It turns out that the overall survival rate of the non-HRT group was significantly lower than that of the HRT group (P=0.034, 16.445 vs. 47.470 months). The non-HRT group has 3.322 times the mortality risk of the HRT group, according to univariate regression analysis, while the multivariate regression analysis showed no significant difference in mortality risk between the two groups (P=0.087, HR=0.340 95%CI 0.099-1.172). There was no significant difference in the short and long-term effects of HRT on neurological function (short-term GCS P=0.587, long-term GCS P=0.419, long-term GOS P=0.419).Conclusion Low T3 syndrome can significantly influence the prognosis of neurocritical patients. Therefore much attention should be paid to the changes in serum T3 level during treatment. Although it is unclear to what extent can HRT improve the short or long-term outcome of neurological function, it can significantly benefit the survival of neurocritical patients.
Shoulder imbalance treated with scapuloplasty surgery in scoliosis patients:a clinical retrospective study
Authors: Rui Zhong , Zhengjun Hu , Deng Zhao , Fei Wang , Hehong Zhao , Yijian Liang 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundTo discuss the clinical efficacy and safety of scapuloplasty treating the shoulder imbalance in scoliosis patients.MethodsA retrospective analysis was made on 21 patients who underwent scoliosis corrective surgery combined with scapuloplasty from September 2013 to March 2015. The average follow-up was 31.4±5.3 months (24-42 months). The shoulder vertical difference (SVD), adjusted Constant-Murley score, range of shoulder motion function, Cavendish grade and the overall satisfaction were compared among the pre-surgery, post-surgery and the final follow-up periods.ResultsThe Shoulder vertical difference (SVD) significantly decreased at the time of post-surgery and the final follow-up, comparing the score of the pre-surgery. The SVD of all patients were decreased from preoperatively 3.2±1.1cm to 0.4±0.3cm, with the Cavendish grade improved to grade 1 at the final follow-up. The adjusted Constant-Murley score and range of shoulder motion function showed no significant difference during the three time periods (P>0.05). And no severe complications had occurred over 2 years follow-up.ConclusionThe scapuloplasty surgery shows to be an effective and safety procedure to improve the shoulder imbalance, cosmetic appearance and the overall satisfaction in scoliosis patients without impairing the shoulder function, which can be widely applied in clinic.
Sputum and plasma adiponectin levels in clinically stable adult cystic fibrosis patients with CFTR I1234V mutation
Authors: AbdulWahab Atqah , Allangawi Mona , Thomas Merlin , Bettahi Ilham , Sivaraman Siveen K. , Jerobin Jayakumar , Chandra Prem , Abou-Samra Abdul-Badi , Ramanjaneya Manjunath 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is associated with chronic inflammation leading to progress in lung function. Adiponectin is a predominantly anti-inflammatory adipokine that may have a role in CF lung. This study aims to determine total sputum and total plasma adiponectin levels in clinically stable adults CF patients with CFTR I1234V mutation, compared to plasma adiponectin levels in healthy controls and to investigate their correlations with body mass index (BMI) and spirometry in patients with CF. Methods: A cross-sectional study comprises 17 CF patients and 18 healthy controls. Adiponectin levels were measured by magnetic bead-based multiplex assay. Results: The mean age of adult CF patients was 22.9 years± 3.8 (18-30) and 76.5% CF patients had pancreatic sufficiency. The mean BMI in healthy controls was slightly higher than CF patients. The mean sputum adiponectin level was significantly lower than plasma adiponectin levels in CF patients and healthy controls (p<0.001), whereas no significant difference in plasma adiponectin levels between CF patients and healthy controls. The mean sputum adiponectin level was observed to be higher in CF patients with pancreatic insufficiency. Sputum adiponectin level was correlated positively with plasma adiponectin level in CF patients (r= 0.47, p=0.06). Sputum and plasma adiponectin levels in CF patients were correlated negatively with BMI and percentage predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and Forced vital capacity (FVC). Conclusions: Sputum adiponectin may provide a minimally invasive tool in the assessment of an inflammatory status in CF patients. Further larger study to address any difference in sputum and plasma adiponectin levels among CF patients with pancreatic sufficiency versus pancreatic insufficiency.
Evidence of nonverbal communication between nurses and older adults: a scoping review
Authors: Keutchafo Esther Lydie Wanko , Kerr Jane , Jarvis Mary A. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : Communication is an integral part of life and of nurse-patient relationships. Effective communication with patients can improve the quality of care. However, due to specific communication needs in older adults, the communication between them and nurses is not always effective. Additionally, though research has focused on communication, there is scant evidence on nonverbal communication between nurses and older adults with no communication impairment nor mental illness. Methods : This scoping review describes the type of nonverbal communication used by nurses to communicate with older adults. It also describes the older adults’ perceptions of nurses’ nonverbal communication cues. It followed Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. Relevant studies and grey literature were identified by searches in Pubmed, Science Direct, Sabinet, Academic search complete, CINAHL with Full Text, Education Source, Health Source- Consumer Edition, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, and MEDLINE. Google Scholar, and World Health Organization library. The studies and grey literature were then filtered by two reviewers independently. Eligibility criteria for inclusion were: (i) studies focused on nurses’ nonverbal communication with older adults; (ii) studies focused on older adults’ interpretation of nurses’ communication behaviors; (iii) any existing literature from 2000 to 2019 and (iv) literature in English and French. Results : Twenty-two studies were included in this review. The results demonstrate limited published research addressing nonverbal communication between older adults and nurses. The review also revealed that haptics, kinesics, proxemics, and vocalics were most frequently used by nurses when communicating with older adults; while there was limited use of artefacts and chronemics. There was no mention of silence as a nonverbal communication cue used by nurses. Additionally, older adults had both positive and negative perceptions about nurses’ nonverbal communication behaviors. Conclusion : Nurses should be self-aware of their nonverbal communication behaviors as well as the way in which the meanings of the messages might be misinterpreted. In addition, nurses should identify their own style of nonverbal communication and understand its modification as necessary in accordance with patient’s needs.
High fat-induced inflammation in vascular endothelium can be improved by Abelmoschus esculentus and metformin via increasing the expressions of miR-146a and miR-155
Authors: Gou Luoning , Liu Geng , Ma Rong , Regmi Anita , Zeng Tianshu , Zheng Juan , Zhong Xueyu , Chen Lulu 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation, which contributes to cardiovascular diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are reported to be involved in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Abelmoschus esculentus (AE) and metformin have been suggested to improve inflammation in vascular. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether miRNAs are involved in high fat induced endothelial inflammation, and whether AE and metformin improve endothelial inflammation by regulating miRNAs.Methods We established high fat treated rats and human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). AE and metformin were added to explore their effects on endothelial inflammation induced by high fat and the possible mechanism.Results Rats treated with high fat diet displayed increased inflammation in vascular. The decreased miR-146a and miR-155 were involved in endothelial inflammation induced by high fat by targeting IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1), TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), respectively. While AE and metformin could ameliorate the endothelial inflammation by increasing miR-146a and miR-155.Conclusions These results indicate that miR-146a and miR-155 play roles in the high fat induced endothelial inflammation, which could be potential therapeutic targets, AE and metformin have protective roles to attenuate endothelial inflammation through regulating miR-146a and miR-155.
Spatial variation in the frequency of knockdown resistance genotypes in Florida Aedes aegypti populations
Authors: Mundis Stephanie Jane , Estep Alden S. , Waits Christy M. , Ryan Sadie J. 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
BackgroundThe development of insecticide resistance in disease-vectoring mosquito species can lead to vector control failure and disease resurgence. However, insecticide applications remain an essential public health intervention. In Florida, insecticide resistance in Aedes aegypti, an anthropophilic mosquito species capable of transmitting dengue, chikungunya, and Zika virus, is a major concern. Understanding the location, scale, and driving factors of insecticide resistance can enhance the ability of vector control organizations to target populations effectively.MethodsWe used previously collected data on frequencies of mutations that confer resistance to commonly used pyrethroid insecticides in Aedes aegypti specimens from 62 sites distributed across 18 counties in Florida. To determine the scale of clustering for the most resistant variant, we used a Ripley’s K function. We also used a spatial scanning statistic technique to identify the locations of clusters where higher than expected frequencies of susceptible or resistant mosquitoes occurred. We then tested for associations between landscape, demographic, and insecticide-use factors using a beta regression modelling approach and evaluated the effect of spatial lag and spatial error terms on overall explanatory power of these models. ResultsThe scale at which maximum clustering of the most resistant variant occurs is approximately 20 kilometers. We identified statistically significant clusters of resistance in several coastal cities, although some of these clusters were near significant clusters of susceptible mosquitoes, indicating selection pressures vary at the local scale. Vegetation density, distance from roads, and pyrethroid-use by vector control districts were consistently significant predictors of insecticide resistance frequency in the top-performing beta regression models, although pyrethroid-use surprisingly had a negatively associated with resistance. The incorporation of spatial lags resulted in improvements to the fit and explanatory power of the models, indicating an underlying diffusion process likely explains some of the spatial patterns in resistance observed.ConclusionsThe genetic mutations that confer resistance to pyrethroids in Aedes aegpyti mosquitoes in Florida exhibit spatial autocorrelation and patterns that can be partially explained by landscape and insecticide-use factors. Further work at local scales should be able to identify the mechanisms by which these variables influence the outcome of resistance.
Does physical activity reinforce adolescents’ body-esteem? A cross-sectional study from Finland
Authors: Ojala Kristiina Sari Anne , Huotari Pertti Raimo Tapio , Villberg Jari Juhani , Tynjälä Jorma Antero 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background Physical activity promotes a positive physical self-image, but less is known about whether the positive effect covers the general self-evaluation of adolescent appearance. The purpose of the study was to explore the association between physical activity and body-esteem in 15-year-old Finnish adolescents, via a country-representative cross-sectional study. Methods The data for the study were drawn from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study from 122 schools, comprising 15-year-old adolescents (N=1956) in Finland in 2014. The main measures were self-reported (i) moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and (ii) Body-esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults (BESAA). The measures also covered other relevant factors for body image, as highlighted in previous studies. A mixed effects linear regression analysis for body-esteem was conducted. The explanatory variables included were (i) MVPA; (ii) weight status, as defined by the international (IOTF) body mass index with cut-offs for thinness, overweight, and obesity; (iii) self-esteem; and (iv) socio-economic status. The covariates in the model were maturation state and ethnic background. Results In both genders, the body-esteem score increased linearly with physical activity. It was highest among adolescents who reported having been engaged in MVPA corresponding to the international recommendation for adolescents’ physical activity. MVPA was a significant determinant for body-esteem in boys, but not in girls. In both genders, lower body-esteem was in part explained by obesity, but general self-esteem was by far the most significant factor determining body-esteem. Conclusions The several positive effects of physical activity provide feasible explanations as to why body-esteem was higher among physically active adolescents than among those who were less physically active. However, physical activity was a significant determinant for body-esteem only in boys. The difference between genders should be taken into consideration in efforts to promote health and physical activity.
Combined effects of weight change trajectories and lifestyle factors on adiposity status at four years of age, a birth cohort study
Authors: Lin Qingmin , Jiang Yan-rui , Wang Guang-hai , Sun Wan-qi , Dong Shu-mei , Deng Yu-jiao , Meng Min , Zhu Qi , Mei Hao , Zhou Ying-chun , Zhang Jun , Clayton Peter E. , Spruyt Karen , Jiang Fan 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background : Prior studies suggested that rapid weight change in infancy is associated with increased childhood and adulthood weight status. However, the weight change trajectory in early life over time and the extent to which childhood lifestyle behaviors may modify the risk of infant rapid weight change are not completely understood. Our aims were to characterize weight change trajectory early in life and explore its independent/combined effects with childhood lifestyle factors on adiposity outcomes at four years of age. Methods : In our ongoing birth cohort study, we used nine follow-up time points (birth, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 months, and 3, 4 years) to calculate the change between two adjacent weight for age z-scores ( WAZ-change ), and then to define WAZ-change trajectories using group-based trajectory modeling. The independent/combined effects of WAZ-change trajectories with each lifestyle factor ( eating behaviors , physical activity, media exposure time and total sleep duration) on childhood adiposity measures were determined using multivariate regression (where applicable). Results : A total of 84 (38.0%) children had a steady growth trajectory while the other 137 (62.0%) children had an early rapid growth trajectory most notable during the first six months. Compared to children with steady growth, children with early rapid growth had significantly higher adiposity status at four years of age - body mass index (β = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.59, 1.37), waist circumference (β = 1.90, 95% CI: 0.68, 3.12), and subcutaneous fat (β = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.13, 4.01). Moreover, WAZ-change trajectory not only had an independent effect, but also a combined effect with eating behaviors on most adiposity measures. Conclusions : We have identified two distinct weight change trajectories and described their independent and combined effects with eating behaviors on childhood adiposity measures. Larger samples and a longer period of observation through childhood are needed to replicate our findings.
Analysis and comprehensive comparison of PacBio and nanopore-based RNA sequencing of the Arabidopsis transcriptome
Authors: Cui Jiawen , Shen Nan , Lu Zhaogeng , Xu Guolu , Wang Yuyao , Jin Biao 
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Background The number of studies using third-generation sequencing using Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) and Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) is rapidly increasing in many different research areas. Among them, plant full-length single-molecule transcriptome studies have mostly used PacBio sequencing, whereas ONT is rarely used. Therefore, in this study, we examined ONT RNA sequencing methods in plants. We performed a detailed evaluation of reads from PacBio, Nanopore direct cDNA (ONT Dc), and Nanopore PCR cDNA (ONT Pc) sequencing including characteristics of raw data and identification of transcripts. In addition, matched Illumina data were generated for comparison.Results ONT Pc showed overall better raw data quality, whereas PacBio generated longer read lengths. In the transcriptome analysis, PacBio and ONT Pc performed similarly in transcript identification, simple sequence repeat analysis, and long non-coding RNA prediction. PacBio was superior in identifying alternative splicing events, whereas ONT Pc could estimate transcript expression levels.Conclusions This paper made a comprehensive comparison of PacBio and nanopore-based RNA sequencing of the Arabidopsis transcriptome, the results indicate that ONT Pc is more cost-effective for generating extremely long reads and can characterise the transcriptome as well as quantify transcript expression. Therefore, ONT Pc is a new cost-effective and worthwhile method for full-length single-molecule transcriptome analysis in plants.