bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytochrome c oxidase‐modulatory near‐infrared light penetration into the human brain: Implications for the noninvasive treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Morse Paul T. , Goebel Dennis J. , Wan Junmei , Tuck Samuel , Hakim Lara , Hüttemann Charlotte L. , Malek Moh H. , Lee Icksoo , Sanderson Thomas H. , Hüttemann Maik 
Published: November 2020

AbstractNear‐infrared light (IRL) has been evaluated as a therapeutic for a variety of pathological conditions, including ischemia/reperfusion injury of the brain, which can be caused by an ischemic stroke or cardiac arrest. Strategies have focused on modulating the activity of mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) enzyme cytochrome c oxidase (COX), which has copper centers that broadly absorb IRL between 700 and 1,000 nm. We have recently identified specific COX‐inhibitory IRL wavelengths that are profoundly neuroprotective in rodent models of brain ischemia/reperfusion through the following mechanism: COX inhibition by IRL limits mitochondrial membrane potential hyperpolarization during reperfusion, which otherwise causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell death. Prior to clinical application of IRL on humans, IRL penetration must be tested, which may be wavelength dependent. In the present study, four fresh (unfixed) cadavers and isolated cadaver tissues were used to examine the transmission of infrared light through human biological tissues. We conclude that the transmission of 750 and 940 nm IRL through 4 cm of cadaver head supports the viability of IRL to treat human brain ischemia/reperfusion injury and is similar for skin with different skin pigmentation. We discuss experimental difficulties of working with fresh cadavers and strategies to overcome them as a guide for future studies.
Addition of glycerol enhances the flexibility of gelatin hydrogel sheets; application for in utero tissue engineering
Authors: Watanabe Miho , Li Haiying , Yamamoto Masaya , Horinaka Jun‐ichi , Tabata Yasuhiko , Flake Alan W 
Published: November 2020

AbstractGelatin hydrogels are naturally derived scaffolds useful for tissue engineering because of their cytocompatibility and controllable degradability. However, they are brittle and inflexible when dry, which limits their use for in utero tissue engineering in large animal models. Therefore, in this study, we attempted to generate flexible gelatin sheets by adding various plasticizers with different molecular weights (MW). We systematically evaluated the flexibility, sustainability, and potential clinical utility of the resulting flexible gelatin sheets. Gelatin sheets with low‐MW plasticizers, such as monosaccharides or sugar alcohols, showed a reduced tensile modulus in dynamic viscoelasticity, which reflected their actual flexibility. Wet gelatin sheets containing plasticizers showed higher tensile strength than the nonplasticizer control, although wet gelatin sheets under all conditions had a much lower tensile strength than dry gelatin sheets. In a functional study, gelatin sheets containing glycerol, which has the lowest MW among sugar alcohols, showed encouraging results, such as good fit to the curvature of the experimental animal, biocompatibility, and suitability for endoscopic approaches. The findings of this study should enable the expansion of future applications for flexible gelatin sheets.
Retracted: HDAC2‐mediated proliferation of trophoblast cells requires the miR‐183/FOXA1/IL‐8 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhu Hanhong , Wang Changxiu 
Published: November 2020

AbstractPre‐eclampsia (PE) is a major cause of maternal and perinatal death. Previous research has indicated the role of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in the pathogenesis of PE but the relevant molecular mechanisms are unknown. However, there is hitherto little information concerning the molecular mechanism behind HDAC2 in PE. Herein, we hypothesized that HDAC2 promotes trophoblast cell proliferation and this requires the involvement of microRNA‐183 (miR‐183), forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1), and interleukin 8 (IL‐8). We collected placental specimens from 30 PE affected and 30 normal pregnant women. HDAC2 and FOXA1 were poorly expressed while miR‐183 and IL‐8 were highly expressed in placental tissues in PE. In vitro, HDAC2 overexpression enhanced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of human trophoblast cells HTR‐8/SVNEO. HDAC2 inhibited the expression of miR‐183 by diminishing H4 acetylation in the miR‐183 promoter region. miR‐183 inhibition by its specific inhibitor increased the expression of FOXA1 and thus enhanced HTR‐8/SVNEO cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. FOXA1, a transcriptional factor, enhanced HTR‐8/SVNEO cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by inhibiting the transcription of IL‐8. We also observed HDAC2 knockdown was lost upon FOXA1 overexpression, suggesting that HDAC2 could promote HTR‐8/SVNEO proliferation, migration, and invasion through the miR‐183/FOXA1/IL‐8 pathway. In summary, the results highlighted the role of the HDAC2/miR‐183/FOXA1/IL‐8 pathway in PE pathogenesis and thus suggest a novel molecular target for PE.
Qualitative analysis of Amazon customer reviews of penile clamps for male urinary incontinence
Authors: Lee Austin , Mmonu Nnenaya A. , Thomas Hannah , Rios Natalie , Enriquez Anthony , Breyer Benjamin N. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractAimsPenile clamps offer an alternative to manage male urinary incontinence in patients who are unfit for surgery. Patient experience with penile clamps is poorly understood. Our study elucidates patient opinions on commercially available penile clamps and the factors that associate with favorable and unfavorable opinions.MethodsWe collected Amazon reviews of all penile clamps marketed for male urinary incontinence from November 2011 to January 2020 and qualitatively assessed the overall sentiment towards penile clamps, key praises and key complaints. Covariates such as designated Amazon star rating were further explored for association with coding patterns.ResultsAmazon reviews of penile clamps were found to be more positive (n = 425) in overall sentiment than negative (n = 294). The most frequent praise was effective incontinence control (n = 334) and the most frequent complaint was bad design or material (n = 166). The majority of reviews were for lower priced penile clamps, had higher Amazon star ratings, were written for Wiesner‐produced clamps, and were written more recently (i.e., 2015–2020). Penile clamps with higher Amazon star ratings were more often coded positive and with a praise compared to lower rated penile clamps.ConclusionsPenile clamps are seen favorably by users as an effective treatment modality for male urinary incontinence. User reviews suggest opportunities for improvement in penile clamp design. The most frequently reviewed clamp seen positively is the Wiesner Incontinence Clamp Penile Clamp whereas the most frequently reviewed clamp seen negatively is the Pacey Cuff Male Incontinence Device.
Computational analysis of the third order dispersive fractional PDE under exponential‐decay and Mittag‐Leffler type kernels
Authors: Ahmad Shabir , Ullah Aman , Shah Kamal , Akgül Ali 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis article aims to investigate the fractional dispersive partial differential equations (FPDEs) under non‐singular and non‐local kernels. First, we study the fractional dispersive equations under the Caputo‐Fabrizio fractional derivative in one and higher dimension. Second, we investigate the same equations under the Atangana‐Baleanu derivative. The Laplace transform has an excellent convergence rate for the exact solution as compared to the other analytical methods. Therefore, we use Laplace transform to obtain the series solution of the proposed equations. We provide two examples of each equation to confirm the validity of the proposed scheme. The results and simulations of examples show higher convergence of the fractional‐order solution to the integer‐order solution. In the end, we provide the conclusion and physical interpretation of the figures.
Exotic Quantum States of Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics in the Ultra‐Strong Coupling Regime
Authors: Choi Mahn‐Soo 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe quantum coherent behaviors of superconducting devices at macroscopic scales and recent technical advances in fine tunability have brought the conventional cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) to superconducting circuits. With an ultra‐strong cavity photon–artificial atom coupling and the inherent nonlinearity of the Josephson junctions, the so‐called circuit QED offers new opportunities to explore new realms of physics that have remained a challenge for conventional cavity QED. Circuit QED has even attracted public attention as the leading architecture for quantum computation. In this article, a pedagogical review of recent studies and activities on exotic quantum states that can be attributed to ultra‐strong coupling is provided. A progress report on attempts to seek the smallest unit of the topological matter and its fundamental interaction with light is also provided.
Reduced‐order observer‐based controller design for quasi‐one‐sided Lipschitz nonlinear systems with time‐delay
Authors: Dong Wenqiang , Zhao Yanbin , Cong Yuhao 
Published: November 2020

SummaryIn this article, the problem of reduced‐order observer‐based controller design for a class of nonlinear time‐delay systems is addressed. First, we present sufficient conditions for the existence of the reduced‐order observer of nonlinear time‐delay systems. Then, a state feedback controller is designed to stabilize the systems. Furthermore, it is shown that the separation principle holds for stabilization of the systems based on the reduced‐order observer‐based controller. When the nonlinear part of systems satisfies the quasi‐one‐sided Lipschitz condition, the reduced‐order observer and feedback controller can be designed separately even though the parameter (A, C) of systems is not detectable and parameter (A, B) is not stabilizable. Finally, a numerical example is presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Preclinical toxicity evaluation of Habb‐e‐Azaraqi: A nux‐vomica‐based traditional Unani polyherbal formulation in rats
Authors: Ara Shabnam Anjum , Viquar Uzma , Zakir Mohammad , Urooj Mohd , Kazmi Munawwar Husain , Husain Gulam Mohammed 
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACTAimHabb‐e‐Azaraqi (HAZ) is a compound Unani formulation used clinically since decades for the management of Laqwa (facial palsy), Fālij (paralysis), Niqris (gout) and Waja'al‐Mafāsil (arthritis). The explicit nature of HAZ i.e., Muqawwi‐i‐A'sāb (nervine tonic), Muharrik‐i‐A'sāb (nervine stimulant) rationalizes its use in nervine disorders. The main ingredient of HAZ is Azaraqi/Kuchla (Strychnos nux‐vomica L.), which is considered to be toxic in nature.MethodsAcute and repeated‐dose 90‐day toxicity studies were performed as per OECD Guidelines 425 and 408, respectively. The acute toxicity study was performed at limit dose, i.e. 2000 mg/kg. The repeated‐dose toxicity study was performed at the dose levels of 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw/day. Clinical signs of toxicity, body weight, and feed consumption were recorded periodically. Blood samples were subjected to hematology and clinical chemistry evaluation followed up with gross pathology and histological examinations.ResultsNo significant differences were observed in HAZ‐treated animals with respect to body weight gain, feed consumption, hematology, or clinical biochemistry as compared to control animals. There were no significant gross pathological observations between control and drug‐treated rats. A few histopathological changes were observed in the kidney of control and HAZ‐treated animals.ConclusionNo treatment‐related toxicologically significant changes were observed up to the highest tested dose except a few histopathological observations in the kidney in the high‐dose HAZ group as well as in the vehicle and satellite control groups. Data of the present study support that the traditional detoxification process effectively minimizes toxic effects of nux‐vomica used in HAZ.
Changing Fields of Solidarity in France: A Cross-field Analysis of Migration, Unemployment and Disability
Authors: Cinalli Manlio , De Nuzzo Carlo , Santilli Cecilia 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThis chapter evaluates the implications of recent crises for solidarity organisations in France. The main aim is to assess whether solidarity remains nationally bounded or otherwise follows some consistent pattern of transnationalisation. By focusing on the fields of migration, unemployment and disability, the chapter examines the main attributes of solidarity organisations; in particular, the analysis aims to evaluate how transnational features relate to endogenous characteristics, such as activities, roles and networks affecting their particular experiences within changing fields of solidarity. Crucially, findings show that the economic crisis and welfare retrenchment in France have well served the purpose of governments willing to pre-empt strong political challenge by potential solidarity movements.
Quick Construction of Dangerous Disturbances in Conflict Control Problems
Authors: Martynov Kirill , Botkin Nikolai D. , Turova Varvara L. , Diepolder Johannes 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe paper is devoted to the construction of dangerous disturbances in linear conflict control problems. Using the technique of sequential linearization, dangerous disturbances can also be constructed for nonlinear systems such as aircraft dynamics equations, including filters, servomechanisms, etc. The procedure proposed is based on a dynamic programming method and consists in the backward integration of ordinary matrix differential equations defining centers, sizes, and orientations of time-dependent parallelotopes forming a repulsive tube in the time-space domain. A feedback disturbance strategy can keep the state vector of the conflict control system outside the repulsive tube for all admissible inputs of the control.
A Duality Principle for Groups II: Multi-frames Meet Super-Frames
Authors: Balan R. , Dutkay D. , Han D. , Larson D. , Luef F. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe duality principle for group representations developed in Dutkay et al. (J Funct Anal 257:1133–1143, 2009), Han and Larson (Bull Lond Math Soc 40:685–695, 2008) exhibits a fact that the well-known duality principle in Gabor analysis is not an isolated incident but a more general phenomenon residing in the context of group representation theory. There are two other well-known fundamental properties in Gabor analysis: the biorthogonality and the fundamental identity of Gabor analysis. The main purpose of this this paper is to show that these two fundamental properties remain to be true for general projective unitary group representations. Moreover, we also present a general duality theorem which shows that that muti-frame generators meet super-frame generators through a dual commutant pair of group representations. Applying it to the Gabor representations, we obtain that $$\{\pi _{\Lambda }(m, n)g_{1} \oplus \cdots \oplus \pi _{\Lambda }(m, n)g_{k}\}_{m, n \in {\mathbb {Z}}^{d}}$$

{

π
Λ

(
m
,
n
)

g
1

⊕
⋯
⊕

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Λ

(
m
,
n
)

g
k

}

m
,
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∈

Z

d

is a frame for $$L^{2}({\mathbb {R}}\,^{d})\oplus \cdots \oplus L^{2}({\mathbb {R}}\,^{d})$$

L
2

(
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d

)

⊕
⋯
⊕

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2

(
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d

)

if and only if $$\cup _{i=1}^{k}\{\pi _{\Lambda ^{o}}(m, n)g_{i}\}_{m, n\in {\mathbb {Z}}^{d}}$$

∪

i
=
1

k

{

π

Λ
o

(
m
,
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)

g
i

}

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∈

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d

is a Riesz sequence, and $$\cup _{i=1}^{k} \{\pi _{\Lambda }(m, n)g_{i}\}_{m, n\in {\mathbb {Z}}^{d}}$$

∪

i
=
1

k

{

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(
m
,
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)

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}

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∈

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is a frame for $$L^{2}({\mathbb {R}}\,^{d})$$

L
2

(
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)

if and only if $$\{\pi _{\Lambda ^{o}}(m, n)g_{1} \oplus \cdots \oplus \pi _{\Lambda ^{o}}(m, n)g_{k}\}_{m, n \in {\mathbb {Z}}^{d}}$$

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π

Λ
o

(
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)

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1

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)

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,
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∈

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is a Riesz sequence, where $$\pi _{\Lambda }$$

π
Λ

and $$\pi _{\Lambda ^{o}}$$

π

Λ
o

is a pair of Gabor representations restricted to a time–frequency lattice $$\Lambda $$
Λ
and its adjoint lattice $$\Lambda ^{o}$$

Λ
o

in $${\mathbb {R}}\,^{d}\times {\mathbb {R}}\,^{d}$$

R

d

×
R

d

.
Therapeutic drug monitoring of oral targeted antineoplastic drugs
Authors: Mueller-Schoell Anna , Groenland Stefanie L. , Scherf-Clavel Oliver , van Dyk Madelé , Huisinga Wilhelm , Michelet Robin , Jaehde Ulrich , Steeghs Neeltje , Huitema Alwin D.R. , Kloft Charlotte 
Published: November 2020

Abstract
Purpose
This review provides an overview of the current challenges in oral targeted antineoplastic drug (OAD) dosing and outlines the unexploited value of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Factors influencing the pharmacokinetic exposure in OAD therapy are depicted together with an overview of different TDM approaches. Finally, current evidence for TDM for all approved OADs is reviewed.

Methods
A comprehensive literature search (covering literature published until April 2020), including primary and secondary scientific literature on pharmacokinetics and dose individualisation strategies for OADs, together with US FDA Clinical Pharmacology and Biopharmaceutics Reviews and the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use European Public Assessment Reports was conducted.

Results
OADs are highly potent drugs, which have substantially changed treatment options for cancer patients. Nevertheless, high pharmacokinetic variability and low treatment adherence are risk factors for treatment failure. TDM is a powerful tool to individualise drug dosing, ensure drug concentrations within the therapeutic window and increase treatment success rates. After reviewing the literature for 71 approved OADs, we show that exposure-response and/or exposure-toxicity relationships have been established for the majority. Moreover, TDM has been proven to be feasible for individualised dosing of abiraterone, everolimus, imatinib, pazopanib, sunitinib and tamoxifen in prospective studies. There is a lack of experience in how to best implement TDM as part of clinical routine in OAD cancer therapy.

Conclusion
Sub-therapeutic concentrations and severe adverse events are current challenges in OAD treatment, which can both be addressed by the application of TDM-guided dosing, ensuring concentrations within the therapeutic window.
Identifying decision-relevant uncertainties for dynamic adaptive forest management under climate change
Authors: Radke Naomi , Keller Klaus , Yousefpour Rasoul , Hanewinkel Marc 
Published: November 2020

AbstractThe decision on how to manage a forest under climate change is subject to deep and dynamic uncertainties. The classic approach to analyze this decision adopts a predefined strategy, tests its robustness to uncertainties, but neglects their dynamic nature (i.e., that decision-makers can learn and adjust the strategy). Accounting for learning through dynamic adaptive strategies (DAS) can drastically improve expected performance and robustness to deep uncertainties. The benefits of considering DAS hinge on identifying critical uncertainties and translating them to detectable signposts to signal when to change course. This study advances the DAS approach to forest management as a novel application domain by showcasing methods to identify potential signposts for adaptation on a case study of a classic European beech management strategy in South-West Germany. We analyze the strategy’s robustness to uncertainties about model forcings and parameters. We then identify uncertainties that critically impact its economic and ecological performance by confronting a forest growth model with a large sample of time-varying scenarios. The case study results illustrate the potential of designing DAS for forest management and provide insights on key uncertainties and potential signposts. Specifically, economic uncertainties are the main driver of the strategy’s robustness and impact the strategy’s performance more critically than climate uncertainty. Besides economic metrics, the forest stand’s past volume growth is a promising signpost metric. It mirrors the effect of both climatic and model parameter uncertainty. The regular forest inventory and planning cycle provides an ideal basis for adapting a strategy in response to these signposts.
The MINOUWApp: a web-based tool in support of by-catch and discards management
Authors: D’Andrea Lorenzo , Campos Aida , Erzini Karim , Fonseca Paulo , Franceschini Simone , Kavadas Stefanos , Maina Irida , Maynou Francesc , Russo Tommaso 
Published: November 2020

AbstractCurrent fishing practices often do not allow adequate selection of species or sizes of fish, resulting in unwanted catches, subsequently discarded, with the consequent negative effects on both marine communities and fisheries profitability. The cross-analysis of density patches of potential unwanted catches and distribution of fishing effort can support the identification of spatial-temporal hot-spots in which the fishing pressure should be reduced to limit the amount of discards. The MinouwApp represents a technological and methodological framework to bring different, and structurally complex, sources of georeferenced data together into a simple visual interface aiming to interactively explore temporal ranges and areas of interest. The objective is to improve the understanding of fisheries dynamics, including discards, thus contributing to the implementation of discard management plans in a context of participative, ecosystem-based fisheries management strategies.
Graph Calculus and the Disconnected-Boundary Schwinger-Dyson Equations of Quartic Tensor Field Theories
Authors: Pérez-Sánchez Carlos I. 
Published: November 2020

AbstractTensor field theory (TFT) focuses on quantum field theory aspects of random tensor models, a quantum-gravity-motivated generalisation of random matrix models. The TFT correlation functions have been shown to be classified by graphs that describe the geometry of the boundary states, the so-called boundary graphs. These graphs can be disconnected, although the correlation functions are themselves connected. In a recent work, the Schwinger-Dyson equations for an arbitrary albeit connected boundary were obtained. Here, we introduce the multivariable graph calculus in order to derive the missing equations for all correlation functions with disconnected boundary, thus completing the Schwinger-Dyson pyramid for quartic melonic (‘pillow’-vertices) models in arbitrary rank. We first study finite group actions that are parametrised by graphs and build the graph calculus on a suitable quotient of the monoid algebra $\mathcal {A}[G]$
A
[
G
]
corresponding to a certain function space $\mathcal {A}$
A
and to the free monoid G in finitely many graph variables; a derivative of an element of $\mathcal {A}[G]$
A
[
G
]
with respect to a graph yields its corresponding group action on $\mathcal {A}$
A
. The present result and the graph calculus have three potential applications: the non-perturbative large-N limit of tensor field theories, the solvability of the theory by using methods that generalise the topological recursion to the TFT setting and the study of ‘higher dimensional maps’ via Tutte-like equations. In fact, we also offer a term-by-term comparison between Tutte equations and the present Schwinger-Dyson equations.