bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo behavior of biomicroconcretes based on α‐tricalcium phosphate and hybrid hydroxyapatite/chitosan granules and sodium alginate
Authors: Zima Aneta , Czechowska Joanna , Szponder Tomasz , Ślósarczyk Anna 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe current studies provide insights into how predictions based on results of physicochemical and in vitro tests are consistent with the results of in vivo studies. The new biomicroconcrete type materials were obtained by mixing the solid phase, composed of hybrid hydroxyapatite/chitosan granules and highly reactive α‐tricalcium phosphate powder, used as the setting agent. This approach guaranteed a good adhesion of the continuous cement phase to the surface of granules. It has been demonstrated that developed biomicroconcretes are surgically handy, possessed favorable physicochemical and biological properties and can be considered as effective bone implant material. The hierarchical porosity and compressive strength (2–6 MPa) similar to cancellous bone made them suitable for low‐load bearing applications. Despite the fact that final setting times of biomicroconcretes were longer than recommended in the literature (i.e., exceeded 15 min), their short cohesion time allows for a successful implantation in a rabbit femoral defect model. Histological analysis and Raman studies revealed newly formed bone tissues around the sides of implanted materials. Furthermore, the process of neovascularization and reconstruction of the bone tissue, as well as a reverse scaffolding process, was visible. No signs of inflammation or adverse tissue reactions were observed during the experiment.
Twitter impact on a community trauma: An examination of who, what, and why it radiated
Authors: Brown Mary Ellen , Dustman Patricia A. , Barthelemy Juan J. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractThe study examined the radiating impacts of trauma following the officer‐involved shooting of Alton Sterling. Twitter data (#AltonSterling) was collected, filtered, and analyzed using textual and spatial methods. Primary coding encompassed the 30‐day period immediately following the shooting. In general, tweets were not used to convey either facts or neutral information, rather, personal opinions dominated. The immediate responses were largely grounded in fear and/or violence. One particularly illuminating finding was the absence of messaging and silence from local leadership. Social media can be a tool to either provide consolatory messaging to promote healing and health, or to spread inflammatory exchanges that perpetuate community discord, further fracture communities and groups, and elevate the risk of retraumatization. Local organizations need established protocols for using social media proactively in the aftermath of community trauma; social media can be a powerful tool for enhancing community cohesion, recovery, and resilience.
Application of Schiff bases derived from carboxymethylcellulose sodium in the separation of polysaccharides from kelp
Authors: Dai Yunliang , Row Kyung Ho 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDA novel and rapid method for the separation and simultaneous extraction of two types of polysaccharides from kelp was developed using an ultrasonic‐assisted solid–liquid extraction method. Many polysaccharides obtained from diverse plant sources have important properties, such as anticancer, antioxidant and antitumor activities. Edible brown algae contain many bioactive compounds, including polysaccharides, vitamins and minerals. As the most common brown alga on the coastal areas of the Korean peninsula, kelp was selected to extract laminarin and fucoidan. Using ethanol as a solvent, the effects of ultrasonic‐assisted solid–liquid extraction on the extraction of polysaccharides from kelp, such as the extraction period, temperature, pH and mass:solvent ratio were investigated by high performance liquid chromatography.RESULTSCompared to traditional heating and microwave‐assisted extraction methods, ultrasonic‐assisted solid–liquid extraction produced higher extraction yields in a shorter time. The optimal conditions for the ultrasonic‐assisted solid–liquid extraction supporting the highest recoveries of the two polysaccharides were 40 °C, ethanol as a solvent at pH 6, 40 min and a 1:30 g mL−1 mass:solvent ratio. Under the optimal conditions, the recoveries of fucoidan and laminarin were 94.29% and 88.90%, respectively. The real quantities of fucoidan and laminarin extracted from kelp with synthesized carboxymethylcellulose sodium Schiff bases added to ethanol in the proposed method were 120.7 ± 0.26 and 45.3 ± 0.19 mg g−1, respectively.CONCLUSIONUltrasonic‐assisted solid–liquid extraction not only improved the recoveries of the extraction, but also was an eco‐friendly, efficient and promising alternative method for the simultaneous extraction of polysaccharides from kelp. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis, antimicrobial activity, and ion transportation investigation of four new [1 + 1] condensed furan and thiophene‐based cycloheterophane amides
Authors: Erkuş Betül , Özcan Hafize , Zaim Ömer 
Published: February 2020

AbstractFour new macrocyclic compounds with thiophene (L1 and L2) and furan (L3 and L4) rings were synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and Q‐TOF spectral data. Macrocyclic amides (L1, L2, L3, and L4) were tested for ion transportation with Na+ and K+ ions, and also, antimicrobial activities were investigated against the Gram‐negative Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Gram‐negative Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, Gram‐negative Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Bacillus cereus bacteria, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 for all amides.
Cognitive function and its relationship with brain structure in myotonic dystrophy type 1
Authors: Langbehn Kathleen E. , van der Plas Ellen , Moser David J. , Long Jeffrey D. , Gutmann Laurie , Nopoulos Peggy C. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractStudies have shown relationships between white matter abnormalities and cognitive dysfunction in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), but comprehensive analysis of potential structure–function relationships are lacking. Fifty adult‐onset DM1 individuals (33 female) and 68 unaffected adults (45 female) completed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale‐IV (WAIS‐IV) to determine the levels and patterns of intellectual functioning. Neuroimages were acquired with a 3T scanner and were processed with BrainsTools. Regional brain volumes (regions of interest, ROIs) were adjusted for inter‐scanner variation and intracranial volume. Linear regression models were conducted to assess if group by ROI interaction terms significantly predicted WAIS‐IV composite scores. Models were adjusted for age and sex. The DM1 group had lower Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI), Working Memory Index (WMI), and Processing Speed Index (PSI) scores than the unaffected group (PRI t(113) = −3.28, p = 0.0014; WMI t(114) = −3.49, p = 0.0007; PSI t(114) = −2.98, p = 0.0035). The group by hippocampus interaction term was significant for both PRI and PSI (PRI (t(111) = −2.82, p = 0.0057; PSI (t(112) = −2.87, p = 0.0049)). There was an inverse association between hippocampal volume and both PRI and PSI in the DM1 group (the higher the volume, the lower the intelligence quotient scores), but no such association was observed in the unaffected group. Enlarged hippocampal volume may underlie some aspects of cognitive dysfunction in adult‐onset DM1, suggesting that increased volume of the hippocampus may be pathological.
Detection of aspirin traces in blood by means of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy
Authors: Adomavičiūtė Sonata , Velička Martynas , Šablinskas Valdas 
Published: February 2020

AbstractAspirin being freely available as an over the counter drug has a high overdose risk and can cause severe health symptoms. The methods used in clinics for the detection of such drugs (pharmaceuticals) in bodily fluids are mostly based on liquid chromatography and mass spectroscopy. These methods are known to be precise; however, they both require long and laborious sample preparation; thus, it takes time to acquire the required information. Because in the case of an overdose, the time has high importance, and faster methods would be beneficial. This work presents an application of a Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopic method for the detection of salicylic acid as a metabolite of aspirin in the blood serum of the patient under examination. In this research, the various colloidal solutions were employed for the preparation of SERS active substrates. The choice of the most efficient colloidal solution and the challenges of collecting SERS spectra of whole blood or its components are discussed. The spectra of both the model and the real‐life blood samples containing metabolite of aspirin were collected with a Fourier transform Raman spectrometer. The analysis of the collected spectra revealed that label‐free SERS can be used for the detection of salicylic acid with concentration down to 3 mM in blood serum corresponding to consumption of at least eight standard pills of aspirin (equivalent to mild toxicity). The proposed diagnostic method could be applied faster than the standard methods and could allow sensitive and fast diagnosis of aspirin consumption in the human blood.
Patient Safety and Quality Improvement in Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Gettelfinger John D. , Paulk P. Barrett , Schmalbach Cecelia E. 
Published: February 2020

ObjectiveThe current landscape of patient safety/quality improvement (PS/QI) research dedicated to Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS) has not been established. This systematic review aims to define the breadth and depth of PS/QI research dedicated to OHNS and to identify knowledge gaps as well as potential areas of future study.MethodsThe study protocol was developed a priori using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) process. A computerized Ovid/Medline database search was conducted (January 1, 1965–September 30, 2019). Similar computerized searches were conducted using Cochrane Database, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Articles were classified by year, subspecialty, PS/QI category, Institute of Medicine (IOM) Crossing the Chasm categories, and World Health Organization (WHO) subclass.ResultsComputerized searches yielded 11,570 eligible articles, 738 (6.4%) of which met otolaryngology PS/QI inclusion criteria; 178 (24.1%) were not specific to any one subspecialty. The most prevalent subspecialty foci were head and neck (29.9%), pediatric otolaryngology (16.9%), and otology/neurotology (11.0%). Studies examining complications or risk factors (32.0%) and outcomes/quality measures (16.3%) were the most common foci. Classification by the IOM included effective care (31.4%), safety (29.9%), and safety/effective care (25.3%). Most research fell into the WHO categories of understanding causes (28.5%) or measuring harm (28.3%).ConclusionMost OHNS PS/QI projects (32.0%) focus on reporting complications or risk factors, followed by outcomes/quality measures (16.3%). Knowledges gaps for future research include healthcare disparities, multidisciplinary care, and the WHO category of studies translating evidence into safer care.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 131:33–40, 2021
Dual apodization with cross‐correlation combined with robust Capon beamformer applied to ultrasound passive cavitation mapping
Authors: Lu Shukuan , Li Renyan , Zhao Yan , Yu Xianbo , Wang Diya , Wan Mingxi 
Published: February 2020

PurposePassive acoustic mapping (PAM) has received increasing attention in recent years and has an extremely widespread application prospect in real‐time monitoring of ultrasound treatment. When using a diagnostic ultrasound transducer, such as a linear‐array transducer, the initially used time exposure acoustics (TEA) algorithm will produce high‐level artifacts. To address this problem, we recently proposed an enhanced algorithm for linear‐array PAM by introducing dual apodization with the cross‐correlation (DAX) method into TEA. But due to that the delay and sum beamformer used to create RX1 and RX2 is non‐adaptive, the remaining X‐type artifacts cannot be completely suppressed, yielding unsatisfactory image quality. This study aims to propose an improved version by combining DAX and robust Capon beamformer (DAX‐RCB).MethodsDifferent from the delay and sum beamformer in the DAX‐TEA algorithm, in the proposed version, the two sets of channel signals from a pair of complementary receive apodizations are beamformed by the RCB method, which may make passive cavitation images much less sensitive to X‐type artifacts. The performance of the DAX‐RCB algorithm is validated by simulations and in vitro experiments and compared with the initially used TEA algorithm and the previous DAX‐TEA and RCB algorithms. Four indexes, including passive energy beam (PEB) size, image signal‐to‐background ratio (ISBR), energy estimation ratio (EER), and computing time, are used to evaluate the algorithm performance.ResultsConsider an example of the 8–8 alternating pattern (a pair of complementary apodizations are obtained by extracting eight elements every eight elements), the experimental results show that the A–6dB area (2D PEB size) of the proposed DAX‐RCB is significantly reduced by 11.0 and 6.8 mm2 when compared with TEA and DAX‐TEA and is not significantly reduced when compared with RCB, the ISBR is significantly improved by 19.6, 10.8, and 5.6 dB compared with TEA, DAX‐TEA, and RCB, and the EER of DAX‐RCB is over 90%. The simulation tests indicate that the DAX‐RCB algorithm is also applicable to the image enhancement in the double‐source scenario and the high‐level noise scenario but at a risk of low energy estimation. The improvement of algorithm performance is accompanied by an increase in the computing time. The proposed DAX‐RCB consumes 113.3%, 29.5%, and 17.8% more time than TEA, DAX‐TEA, and RCB.ConclusionsThe proposed DAX‐RCB can be considered as an effective reconstruction algorithm for passive cavitation mapping and provide an appropriate monitoring means for ultrasound therapy, especially for cavitation‐mediated applications.
Influence of silane‐modified coconut shell powder on thermal and mechanical properties of thermoplastic elastomers
Authors: Qian Shanhua , Cheng Shuai , Ni Zifeng , Yu Jinghu , Zhang Jun 
Published: February 2020

AbstractA silane coupling agent (glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, GPTMS) was used to modify coconut shell powder (CSP), and the influence of the modified coconut shell powder (G‐CSP) on the thermal and mechanical properties of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) was investigated. The thermal stabilities of the G‐CSP‐TPEs were studied using TGA; Young's modulus of the G‐CSP‐TPEs was studied by means of the spherical indentation test and the tensile test, and the tensile test was also used to characterize the tensile strength of the G‐CSP‐TPEs. The results revealed that the specific functional groups of GPTMS were efficiently grafted onto the CSP and that G‐CSP enhanced the thermal stability of the TPEs. Under 8% strain, Young's moduli of 0–7.5 wt% G‐CSP‐TPEs obtained by the spherical indentation test and tensile test were almost equal, while the modulus of 10–15 wt% G‐CSP‐TPEs measured by the latter test was greater than that of the former test. The tensile strength of G‐CSP‐TPEs increased up to a threshold limit (10 wt% G‐CSP), followed by a significant decrease. Micro‐images of the fractured surfaces obtained by SEM indicated that the addition of G‐CSP gradually filled the microvoids in the matrix and enhanced the tensile strength of the composite. As the G‐CSP mass percentage exceeded a threshold limit (>10 wt%), the particles started to agglomerate, resulting in weak interfacial adhesion and inferior mechanical properties. Hence, an optimal amount of reinforcing agent G‐CSP should be added to attain desirable thermal and mechanical properties. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Gifted education policy and advocacy: Perspectives for school psychologists
Authors: Stephens Kristen R. 
Published: February 2020

AbstractEducation laws and policies serve to guide the way programs and services are implemented in schools. The transition from law or policy to implementation can be fraught with complications that impact the education system across many levels. According to Viennet and Pont (2017), one of the areas that can either hinder or support the transition from policy to practice is “inclusive stakeholder engagement” (p. 3). School psychologists are an important stakeholder in the education system thus they should have familiarity with gifted education policy to ensure students are being served appropriately—both academically and socio‐emotionally. This article will introduce school psychologists to (a) federal and state laws impacting gifted students, (b) the role litigation, due process, and research has in shaping policy, and (c) relevant gifted education policy considerations.
Wolbachia successfully replicate in a newly established horn fly, Haematobia irritansirritans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) cell line
Authors: Madhav Mukund , Brown Geoff , Morgan Jess AT , Asgari Sassan , McGraw Elizabeth A , Munderloh Ulrike G , Kurtti Timothy J , James Peter 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDHaematobia spp., horn flies (HF) and buffalo flies (BF), are economically important ectoparasites of dairy and beef cattle. Control of these flies relies mainly on treating cattle with chemical insecticides. However, the development of resistance to commonly used compounds is compromising the effectiveness of these treatments and alternative methods of control are required. Wolbachia are maternally transmitted endosymbiotic bacteria of arthropods that cause various reproductive distortions and fitness effects, making them a potential candidate for use in the biological control of pests. The first step towards this is the establishment and adaptation of xenobiotic infections of Wolbachia in target host cell lines.RESULTSHere, we report the successful establishment of a continuous HF cell line (HIE‐18) from embryonic cells and its stable transinfection with Wolbachia strains wAlbB native to mosquitoes, and wMel and wMelPop native to Drosophila melanogaster. HIE‐18 cells were typically round and diploid with ten chromosomes (2n = 10) or tetraploid with 20 chromosomes (4n = 20), with a doubling time of 67.2 h. Wolbachia density decreased significantly in HIE‐18 cells in the first 48 h of infection, possibly due to overexpression of antimicrobial peptides through the Imd immune signalling pathway. However, density recovered after this time and HIE‐18 cell lines stably infected with the three strains of Wolbachia have now each been subcultured more than 50 times as persistently infected lines.CONCLUSIONThe amenability of HF cells to infection with different strains of Wolbachia and the establishment of stable sustaining infections suggest the potential for use of Wolbachia in novel approaches for the control of Haematobia spp. Further, the availability of the HIE‐18 cell line will provide an important resource for the study of genetics, host–parasite interactions and chemical resistance in Haematobia populations. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Host plant odours and their recognition by the odourant‐binding proteins of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)
Authors: Wang Zhengbing , Gao Chuanhe , Liu Jiali , Zhou Wenwu , Zeng Xinnian 
Published: February 2020

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri, is one of the major pests in citrus production because it transmits huanglongbing, a devastating disease of citrus plants. Odourant‐binding proteins (OBPs) play an important role in the olfactory perception of insects. Revealing the function of DcitOBPs is beneficial to the development of new ACP management strategies.RESULTSAn analysis of the components of volatiles from the new shoots of six host plant species showed that β‐caryophyllene was the characteristic volatile compound in flushing shoots and the most abundant volatile compound in three of the six tested ACP host plant species. The tissue expression profiles of nine known DcitOBPs were analyzed based on a transcriptome database, and DcitOBP3 and DcitOBP6 exhibited high expression in the antennae of both sexes and the ovipositor of females. The binding ability of two recombinant proteins with eight ligands was studied through competitive binding analysis; the results showed that DcitOBP6 exhibited stronger binding to β‐caryophyllene. Behavioural trials indicated that sexually mature female adults of D. citri were significantly attracted to β‐caryophyllene at concentrations of 0.1 μL mL−1 and 10 μL mL−1. RNAi analysis in female D. citri showed that the reduction of DcitOBP6 transcript abundance led to a decrease in antennae EAG activity and behavioural responses to β‐caryophyllene.CONCLUSIONThe results demonstrate that DcitOBP6 is involved in the perception of an important host plant volatile, β‐caryophyllene, in the ACP, and provide a theoretical foundation for behavioural interference in ACP management.
Distinguishing legal and illegal cigarettes by applying paper spray mass spectrometry and chemometric tools
Authors: Jurisch Marina , de Paula Camila Cristina Almeida , Augusti Rodinei 
Published: February 2020

RationaleSmoking is responsible for one in five deaths around the world. Thus, governments have been trying to reduce the number of active smokers by increasing taxes on products. This scenario creates a new problem by raising the consumption of illegally traded cigarettes, which are often seized and analyzed by police forces.MethodsLegal and illegal cigarette samples were extracted and analyzed using paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PS‐MS). The mass spectrometer was set to operate in full‐scan positive ion mode to yield representative chemical profiles of each sample. The results were used to build a chemometric model using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) to discriminate between both sets of samples, i.e. legal and illegal.ResultsThe PS‐MS procedure was fast, simple and efficient, yielding high‐quality and reproducible mass spectra with a very good signal‐to‐noise ratio. Even though all samples displayed visually indistinguishable mass spectra, the PS‐MS data handled by the PLS‐DA approach furnished a model that reached sample classification with rates of 100% and 80% for the training and validation sets, respectively.ConclusionsA novel methodology was successfully developed associating the PS‐MS technique with chemometric analysis to differentiate between legal and illegal cigarettes. The PS‐MS technique proved to be adequate for obtaining fingerprints of such types of samples despite high complexity, and a PLS‐DA model was successfully constructed achieving 82.1% accuracy.