bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between cardiometabolic health and objectively-measured, free-living sleep parameters in a rural African setting: a pilot study.
Authors: Cook Ian , Mohlabe Matlawa , Makgopa Herbert Mabalane 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objectives

To investigate the relationship between objectively-measured, free-living sleep quantity and quality, and cardiometabolic health, in a rural African setting in 139 adults (≥40 years, female: n=99, male: n=40). Wrist-mounted, tri-axial accelerometry data was collected over nine days. Measures of sleep quantity and quality, and physical activity were extracted from valid minute-by-minute data. Self-reported data included behavioural, health and socio-demographic variables. Biological data included body composition, resting blood pressure and fasting blood glucose, insulin and lipids. Logistic regression models were constructed with insulin resistance (IR) and Cardiometabolic (CM) risk, as dependent variables, adjusting for socio-demographic, behavioural and biological factors.

Results

Nocturnal sleep time was longer in females (p=0.054) and sleep quality was better in males (p≤0.017). Few participants slept >9 hours/night (4-5%), and 46-50% slept <7 hours/night. IR and CM risk was higher in females (p≤0.006). In adjusted models, sleep variables were independently associated with IR (p<0.05). Sleep quantity was non-linearly associated with CM risk (p≤0.0398), and linearly associated with IR (p≤0.0444). Sleep quality was linearly related with CM risk and IR (p≤0.0201). In several models, sleep quantity and sleep quality measures were concurrently and significantly associated with IR (p≤0.044).
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of tertiary education students in regard to air pollution in Windhoek, Namibia: a cross sectional study
Authors: KEMBA KOSMAS HAUSHIKU , Tshifhiwa Nkwenika , Vusumuzi Nkosi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Knowing the residents' knowledge, attitude, and practices to air pollution is necessary for developing interventions specific to that population. Air pollution remains a neglected environmental concern in Windhoek, Namibia and people’s perceptions about air pollution and health have not been documented. This study investigated the knowledge, attitudes and practices of tertiary students to air pollution in Windhoek. Methods: Students from five tertiary institutions in Windhoek were included in cross sectional study. A previously validated questionnaire was used to collect data from the study participants. Frequency and a corresponding percentage were reported for categorical data, whereas the association between knowledge of air pollution and perceptions was evaluated using the Chi-square test. Kruskal Wallis rank test was used to assess the statistical difference in knowledge, attitudes and practices. Data analysis was performed using STATA 15 and evaluated at a 5% level of significance Results: More than half (59.4%) of the respondents thought that air pollution was a major problem, while over 90% knew that air pollution could negatively impact health. The media was found to be the main source of information for respondents (91.1%). Despite having the knowledge, less than a third (27%) of the respondents regularly took action out of concern of air pollution. There was a statistically significant association between knowledge, attitudes, and practices to air pollution (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: Air pollution interventions targeting tertiary students should be aimed at informing them on ways in which they could contribute individually and collectively to reducing air pollution and its negative effects.
Comparison Between The Efficacy and Safety of The Single- (Love Baby) and Double-Balloon Catheters for Cervical Ripening and Labor Induction
Authors: Hou Meng , Wang Weihong , Liu Dan , Li Xuelan 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Induced labor is а progressively common obstetric procedure, Whether the specifically designed double-balloon catheter is better than the single-balloon device in terms of efficacy, efficiency and safety yet remains controversial. Methods: In our study We have performed a Retrospective study in which 220 patients with immature cervix were admitted for induction of labor either through single cervix balloon catheter (love-baby) (SBC) or double cervix balloon catheter (DBC). The comparison showed that the cervical bishop score was slightly higher for the SBC after removal or expulsion of the balloon. Results:This was a proof that SBC demonstrates slightly better efficacy for cervical ripening with a shorter time from balloon placement to spontaneous vaginal delivery than DBC. No significant differences in the comparison between SBC and DBC following other parameters like spontaneous vaginal delivery, the initiate uterine contractions rate, the number of patients that needed oxytocin, the balloon spontaneous expulsion rate and others have been detected. Interestingly, SCB showed a higher incidence in adverse reactions leading to taking out the balloon halfway. The multi-factor analysis showed that the spontaneous labor was a risk factor for the cesarean section in SBC patients.Conclusion: These results prove that the new Chinese single balloon, also called love baby, can effectively induce labor as it may be highly recommendable for cervical ripening than DBC, though it could be with a higher incidence of adverse reactions causing the balloon to be pulled out halfway.
Selection of basal medium for culturing human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in combination with human platelet lysate
Authors: Wang Lingjuan , Liu Chunxiang , Lu Huiying , YAN JUN , Zhang Yi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background

Different basal media have very different effects on cell growth, proliferation and differentiation potential of cultured human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC). This issue has not gotten enough research. The goal of this study is to select high safety and low cost basal media for hUC-MSC, which performs best in combination with commercial human platelet lysate product for cell proliferation and differentiation functions, especially suitable for high-passage hUC-MSC cultures.
Methods

Three different basal media were combined with 5% UltraGROGAdvanced to culture P0 to P8 passage hUC-MSC. Cell morphology, cell expansion ratio, proliferation, differentiation and cell surface markers were examined and analyzed in order to draw conclusions.
Results

When observing the same passage under different culture systems, the number of cells obtained in MSCBM and α-MEM were higher than that cultured in IMDM (0.01 < P < 0.05). The results between MSCBM and α-MEM were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Combining growth curve measurement and cell doubling time calculation, it was found that the cell proliferation functions of the three culture media were ranked as MSCBM, α-MEM and IMDM from high to low. The P8 cells cultured in different media all yield good clonal formation, and also all differentiated well. The number of cells differentiated into osteoblasts and chondrocytes cultured in different media was not significantly different (P > 0.05), while the number of adipocyte differentiation in MSCBM and α-MEM cultures were significantly higher than that of IMDM culture (0.01 < P < 0.05). The cells in all cultures uniformly express high levels of MSC surface markers CD73, CD90, CD105, and negatively express CD34, CD45.
Conclusions

Taking all indicators into consideration, we conclude that the culture system of MSMBM supplemented with 5% UltraGROGAdvanced is the best for culturing hUC-MSC withα-MEM follows right after. This study revealed the importance of basal media in MSC cultures, and offer guidance on their selective use.
Tumor marker based survival analysis for patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei of appendiceal origin: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bai Mingjian , Wang Shilong , Ma Ruiqing , Cai Ying , Lu Yiyan , Hou Nianzong , Liang Guowei , Xu Hongbin , Zhang Man 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare disease, the prognosis of overall survival (OS) is affected by many factors, present study aim to screen independent prediction indicators for PMP and establish prediction model for OS rates in PMP.Methods 119 PMP patients received cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in our center for the first time were included between 01/06/2013 and 22/11/2019 . The log-rank test was used to compare the OS rate among groups, subsequently, variables with P<0.10 were subjected to multivariate Cox model for screening independent prediction indicators. Finally, the prediction models for OS in PMP will be established.Results Univariate analysis showed that Barthel Index Score, albumin, D-dimer, CEA, CA125, CA19-9, CA724, CA242, PCI, degree of radical surgery, histopathological grade were signiﬁcant predictors for OS in PMP. At multivariate analysis, sex, D-dimer, CA125, CA19-9, and degree of radical surgery were independently associated with OS rate in PMP. ROC analysis was performed to calculate discrimination ability of prediction model and the area under curves (AUC) was 0.902 (95%CI: 0.823-0.954). Finally, nomogram was plotted by the independent predictive factors for PMP.Conclusions Several factors (sex, degree of radical surgery, D-dimer, preoperative CA125 and CA19-9) have independent prognostic value for survival in PMP, the tumor based prediction model has better prediction value, more researches are need to verify and improve the prediction model.
Prevalence and factors related to inappropriate referrals during intrapartum care – a mixed method study
Authors: Desta Binyam Fekadu , Dolamo Bethabile L. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: Complications during delivery are responsible for half of all maternal deaths, one-third of stillbirths and a quarter of neonatal deaths. The care necessitates emergency care, and it is a known fact that reductions in maternal mortality and morbidity are not possible without an effective referral system. This study is aimed at measuring the prevalence of inappropriate referrals and identifying factors that contribute to it. Methods: The study employed a sequential explanatory mixed research design. In the first phase, a retrospective cross-sectional quantitative study was done, 718 medical records were reviewed. The second phase involved a qualitative study of 26 key informants being interviewed. Results: Three quarters of cases, (74.23%; n=533), who visited the selected hospitals could have been managed at the health center level. Sixty-five percent of them, (n=436), sought care at the hospital level with no referral from the lower level. Further analysis of the data showed no major difference as to the appropriateness of hospital level care in relation to age of mothers, previous medical and obstetrics history as well as danger signs at admission. On the other hand, number of parities, (chi-square = 9.3; P-value = 0.010), frequency of ANC, (chi-square = 6.7; p-value = 0.037) and the institution where ANC was sought, (chi-square = 12.9; p-value = 0.005) were found to be associated with appropriateness of the case for hospital level care. Further inventory of the referred cases revealed that 33.2% of referred cases were appropriate for hospital level care. In addition, the qualitative study identified three major themes in relation to appropriateness of referrals: capability of identifying appropriate cases for referral, proper initiation of the referral process determining the outcome and functional cross-facility support platforms for better collaboration and coordination between facilities. Conclusion: Referral, which is the coordination between facilities, requires readiness of the facilities at both ends as well as a transportation system. The governance system should also be strengthened to ensure the emergency management system in the country is effective.
Comparison of different lipid extraction methods for different tissue types of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Kehelpannala Cheka , Rupasinghe Thusitha Wasantha Thilaka , Hennessy Thomas , Bradley David , Ebert Berit , Roessner Ute 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The plant lipidome is highly complex, and the composition of lipids in different tissues as well as their specific functions in plant development, growth and stress responses have yet to be fully elucidated. To do this, efficient lipid extraction protocols which deliver target compounds in solution at concentrations adequate for subsequent detection, quantitation and analysis through spectroscopic methods are required. To date, numerous methods are used to extract lipids from plant tissues. However, a comprehensive analysis of the efficiency and reproducibility of these methods to extract multiple lipid classes from diverse tissues of a plant has not been undertaken. Results: In this study, we report the comparison of four different lipid extraction procedures in order to determine the most effective lipid extraction protocol to extract lipids from different tissues of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana . Conclusion: While particular methods were best suited to extract different lipid classes from diverse Arabidopsis tissues, overall a single-step extraction method with a 24 h extraction period, which uses a mixture of chloroform, isopropanol, methanol and water, was the most efficient, reproducible and the least labor-intensive to extract a broad range of lipids for untargeted lipidomic analysis of Arabidopsis tissues. This method extracted a broad range of lipids from leaves, stems, siliques, roots, seeds, seedlings and flowers of Arabidopsis. In addition, appropriate methods for targeted lipid analysis of specific lipids from particular Arabidopsis tissues were also identified.
Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Oral Disease Burden: A Population-Based Study
Authors: de Lucena Edson Hilan Gomes , Silva Rênnis , Barbosa Maria , Araújo Elza , Pereira Antônio , Cavalcanti Yuri 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background : Dental caries is associated with Biological, behavioral, socioeconomic, and environmental factors; however, socioeconomic status is a distal determinant of dental caries development that modulates exposure to risk and protective factors. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with the distribution and concentration of oral diseases in a population-based study in Brazil. Methods : This is a quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional study based on secondary data from the SB São Paulo 2015 epidemiological survey. A total of 17,560 subjects were included. The concentration of oral disease in the population was estimated by the oral disease burden (ODB) variable. The ODB consists of four components: dental caries; tooth loss; need for dental prosthesis and periodontal condition. Thus, the total score on the ODB could vary between 0 and 4, with the highest score indicating the worst possible situation. ODB was analyzed in multivariate negative binomial regression, and multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. The following demographic data were included as independent variables: age group, skin color, socioeconomic data, and family income. Results : ODB was present in 86.9% of the sample. Negative multivariate binomial regression showed a statistically significant relationship (p<0.005) between ODB and all variables analyzed (skin color, family income, education, OIDP results and age range). The adjusted multivariate binary logistic regression showed that the individuals most likely to have at least one component of ODB were nonwhite (25.5%), had a family income of up to R$ 1,500.00 / month (19.6%), had only completed primary education (19.1%), and reported that their oral health had an impact on their daily activities (57.6%). Elderly individuals were two times more likely than adolescents to have an ODB component. Conclusions : ODB is associated with factors related to social inequality. Adults and elderly individuals had the highest cumulative number of ODB components.
Assessment of The Nerve Ending Distributions on Dartos Fascia in Children with Concealed Penises
Authors: Huang WenFang , Tang DaXing , Gu WeiZhong 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Background: The role of nerve ending distribution indartos fascia in the pathogenesis of concealed penis (CP) is still unclear. Our aim is to compare the histological structure of dartos fascia of both normal and CP tissue to evaluate the importance of nerve ending distribution. Methods: After degloving, tissue specimens of dartos fascia located at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12- o’clock of the penile shaft were harvested from the CP.Therelatively normal tissues at the periphery after resection of black moles or hemangioma in other parts were considered as control. The distribution of nerve plexuses between these groups was compared using standard hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and S-100 immunohistochemical staining. Results: The number of nerve plexuses for all cases of CP was abundant but significantly fewer in the normal group. In CP, the number of nerve plexuses in superficial fascia collected at 6 o’clock position of penile shaft was the most abundant among different positions. Conclusions: Abundant nerve plexuses were presented indartos fascia in children with CP, especially at the 6 o’clock position,suggesting surgery performed at the preputial frenulum should avoid damage of dartos fascia to preserve the erectile and sexual function of penis in puberty.
Optimized sequential method assisting design and implementation of electro-pneumatic/hydraulic circuit
Authors: Marques Vinicius Abrão da Silva , Rodrigues Felipe Nascimento Cerqueira , Tavares José Jean-Paul Z. de S. 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Electro-pneumatic circuits returned to be an important topic of research after the need of ventilator due COVID-19. Not only for this type of device but to assist economy restarting, the electro-pneumatic/hydraulic systems will be one of the industrial automation cornerstones after COVID pandemic. Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC) are one of the main components of these circuits and the standard of industrial automation; however, its application is highly dependent on programmers skills. Usually, electro-pneumatic/hydraulic solutions rely on sequential circuits. Different methods are found in the literature to design that systems, but they involve complex analyzes and intuitive strategies in cases that the actuators extend and retract more than once within the cycle of movements, and within simultaneous movements. As consequence, the resulting circuits mostly require a large number of valves and electronic components in order to be implemented. The objective of this work is to describe a novel method that can be applied in the design and implementation of optimized circuits using PLC's, eliminating intuitive solutions. Examples are presented to illustrate the theoretical procedures and experimental tests performed to validate the method. The results prove the generality of this work, the simplicity of its implementation, and introduce a bridge between design and implementation of electro-pneumatics and electro/hydraulics circuits with PLC's.
Effect of Electroacupuncture on gut Microbiota in Participants with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Wang Tianqi , Wang Tian-Qi , Yang Jing-Wen , Shi Guang-Xia , Wang Li-Qiong , Li Ling-Ru , Hu Hui , Liu Zhi-Shun , Wang Jun , Yuan Yong , Jia Wen-Rui , Li Hua , Wang Xin-Wei , Wu Bin , Liu Cun-Zhi 
Published: July 2020

Abstract
Objective A close relationship between knee osteoarthritis and gut microbiota disorders has recently been described. Herein, we aim to investigate the effect of electroacupuncture on gut microbiota in participants with knee osteoarthritis.Methods We conducted a study of 60 participants with KOA and 30 matched healthy controls. Sixty participants with KOA were allocated to either electroacupuncture (EA) group (n=30) or sham acupuncture (SA) group (n=30). EA group was treated by five obligatory acupoints and three adjunct acupoints. Eight non-acupoints that were separated from conventional acupoints or meridians were used for the SA group. Both groups received 24 sessions within eight weeks. Faecal microbial analyses were carried out after collecting stools at T0 and T8 weeks, and microbiomes were analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Results There was a significant structure difference of gut microbiota between KOA participants and healthy controls (HCs). Difference was observed in β-diversity analysis. Thirteen genera separated KOA from HCs, out of which Escherichia-Shigella, Streptococcus and Eubacterium_hallii group were increased in KOA participants, while Bacteroides, Blautia, Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Subdoligranulum, Prevotella, Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Agathobacter and Megamonas were decreased. After treatment, the amount of Streptococcus and Escherichia-Shigella in EA group had statistically decreased while Ruminococcus increased compared with SA group (all P<0.05). EA group decreased more in WOMAC pain, WOMAC total score (all P<0.05) and NRS score (P=0.002) than those in SA group at eight weeks. Adverse events were low and similarly distributed between groups. Ruminococcus and the total score of WOMAC was negatively correlated (P=0.044). Streptococcus was positively correlated with WOMAC total score (P=0.044) and Escherichia-Shigella was positively correlated with NRS score (P=0.024).Conclusion This study presents a comprehensive landscape of gut microbiota in KOA. EA could reduce pain by regulating the intestinal flora of KOA participants. Dysbiosis was found in the gut microbiome in KOA and partially relieved by electroacupuncture. Our study suggests that gut microbiota could be a potential therapeutic target and diagnostic biomarker for KOA.