bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EMISI FORMALDEHIDA DARI PAPAN LANTAI LAMINA KOMBINASI DENGAN BATANG KELAPA YANG MENGGUNAKAN TANIN RESORSINOL FORMALDEHIDA
Authors: Wardoyo Supriyono Eko , Santoso Adi , Sugiarti Sri Wuryani 
Published: August 2020

Formaldehyde Emissions from Floor Boards Lamina Combination with The Coconut Bar Using Tanin Resorcinol Formaldehyde Trunks of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) has been widely used as both structural and non structural materials, including home furnishings, furniture, toys, crates, and so on. In the utilization of coconut trunks required special handling to produce a high quality product. How to handle it needs through the process of densification or impregnation by using a copolymer of Tanin Resorcinol Formaldehyde (TRF) in the vacuum press. In the case to reduce the scarcity of the wood, modification between coconut wood with other wood species in laminated floor board products is needed. The research was done by the method of vacuum press in the Laboratory for Products Compound and Wood Preservation, Center Research and Development for Forest Products, Bogor. The tests were performed the physical properties consist of specific gravity and moisture content or the chemical properties of formaldehyde emissions by using Spectrophotometer. The results indicated that by using TRF copolymer (1: 0.5: 2) and viscosity 0.88 centripoise, formaldehyde emissions of the combination of the wood was very well and meet the requirements ( 0.30 to 0.40 mg / L) and were included in the category of very safe.Keywords : Emissions of formaldehyde, Laminated boards, Trunks of coconut, Tanin resorcinol formaldehyde ABSTRAK Batang kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) telah banyak digunakan baik sebagai bahan struktural maupun non structural, seperti perkakas rumah tangga, mebel, mainan, peti dan lain sebagainya. Dalam pemanfaatannya batang kelapa tersebut diperlakukan penanganan khusus untuk menghasilkan suatu produk yang berkualitas tinggi. Adapun cara penanganannya adalah dapat melalui proses densifikasi ataupun impregnaasi dengan menggunakan suatu kopolimer Tanin Resorsinol Formaldehida menggunakan metode vakum tekan. Dalam hal ini untuk mengurangi kelangkaan dari kayu tersebut maka dilakukan modifikasi antara kayu kelapa dengan jenis kayu lainnya pada produk papan lantai lamina. Untuk itu dilakukan penelitian pengujian dengan metode vakum tekan di Laboratorium Produk Majemuk dan Pengawetan Kayu, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan, Bogor . Adapun pengujian yang dilakukan adalah sifat fisika terdiri atas bobot jenis, kadar air, dan sifat kimia emisi formaldehida yang diuji dengan menggunakan Spectrophotometer. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dengan menggunakan kopolimer TRF (1 : 0,5 : 2) dengan kekentalan 0,88 centripoise, emisi formaldehida yang dihasilkan dari kombinasi kayu tersebut sangat baik dan memenuhi persyaratan (0,30 - 0,40 mg/L) dan termasuk dalam kategori sangat aman.Kata kunci : Emisi formaldehida, Papan lamina, Batang kelapa, Tanin resorsinol formaldehida
KORELASI ANTARA KELIMPAHAN VEGETASI MANGROVE DAN KERANG TOTOK Polymesoda erosa DENGAN FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN DI SEGARA ANAKAN, CILACAP
Authors: Azizah Mia 
Published: August 2020

Correlation Between Abundance of Mangrove Vegetation and Totok Clam (Polymesoda erosa) to Environmental Factors in Segara Anakan, Cilacap Segara Anakan ecosystem is one of the largest estuary in Java which has a high biodiversity. One of the biota totok clam (Polymesoda erosa ) that live in mangrove forests. These clams have high economic value. The study aimed to determine the correlation of abundance between mangrove community and totok clam (P. erosa) , because of abiotic environmental factors in Segara Anakan , Cilacap. Research using survey methods and sampling techniques. Sampling point were 11 stations and were 3 plot sampling respectively. The data analyzed using correlation analysis of BIO - ENV. The correlation value of the environmental factors and mangrove community was 0.362 , and the correlation value of the environmental factor and the abundance of P. erosa was 0.412. The correlation value of mangrove vegetation with an abundance Polymesoda erosa had a value of 0.468. Keywords: correlation, mangroves, Polymesoda erosa, Segara AnakanABSTRAK Ekosistem Segara Anakan merupakan salah satu estuaria terbesar di Pulau Jawa yang memiliki keanekaragaman hayati yang tinggi. Salah satu biota yang ada adalah kerang totok(Polymesoda erosa) yang hidup berasosiasi dalam hutan mangrove. Kerang ini memiliki nilai ekonomis yang cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara kelimpahan komunitas mangrove dan kelimpahan kerang totok (P. erosa), yang disebabkan faktor lingkungan abiotik P. erosa di Segara anakan, Cilacap. Penelitian menggunakan metode survei dan teknik pengambilan sampel. Titik sampling dibuat 11 stasiun dengan tiap stasiun diambil 3 plot. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis korelasi BIO-ENV. Nilai korelasi faktor lingkungan dengan struktur komunitas mangrove sebesar 0,362, dan nilai korelasi faktor lingkungan dengan kelimpahan P. erosa sebesar 0,412. Nilai korelasi vegetasi mangrove dan kelimpahan kerang totok memiliki nilai sebesar 0,468.Kata kunci: korelasi, mangrove, Polymesoda erosa, Segara AnakanSegara Anakan ecosystem is one of the largest estuary in Java which has a high biodiversity. One of the biota totok clam(Polymesoda erosa ) that live in mangrove forests.These clams have high economic value. The study aimed to determine the correlation of abundance between mangrove community and totok clam (P. erosa) , because of abiotic environmental factors in Segara Anakan , Cilacap. Research using survey methods and sampling techniques. Sampling point were11 stations and were 3 plot sampling respectively. The data analyzed using correlation analysis of BIO - ENV. The correlation value of the environmental factors and mangrove community was 0.362 , and the correlation value of the environmental factor and the abundance of P. erosa was 0.412.The correlation value of mangrove vegetation with an abundance Polymesoda erosa had a value of 0.468. Keywords: correlation, mangroves, Polymesoda erosa, Segara Anakan
ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH MANGGIS (Garcinia mangostana L.)
Authors: Srikandi Srikandi , Widhyastini I.G.A. Manik 
Published: August 2020

Antibacterial Extract of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.)Fruit Shell The skin of the mangosteen fruit is extracted with n-hexane and ethyl acetate to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27 853. Results showed that n-hexane extract gave inhibition zone larger than the ethyl acetate extract on all concentrations . Extract n-hexane has a value of MIC against S. aureus ATCC bacterial test 25923 62.5 mg / ml while the ethyl acetate extract of 125 mg / ml . N- hexane extracts had MIC values of the test bacteria P.aeuroginosa ATCC 27 853 was 125 mg / ml , and while the ethyl acetate extract had a MIC value of 500 mg / ml . Treatment of solvent, concentration and interaction between the solvent and concentration significantly affected the test bacteria ATCC 25923 S. aureus at the level of 5 %, the highest interaction N-Hexane solvent with a concentration of 15,625 mg / ml and was not significantly different interactions with the concentration of 31.25 mg/ml and 125 mg/ml. Treatment solvent and concentration significantly while the interaction between the solvent and the concentration has no effect on the test bacteria P.aeuroginosa ATCC 27 853 at 5% level .Keywords: Garcinia mangostana L., Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ABSTRAK Kulit buah manggis diekstrak dengan n-heksan dan etil asetat untuk mengetahui Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHTM) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksana memberikan zona hambatan lebih besar dibandingkan dengan ekstrak etil asetat pada semua konsentrasi. Ekstrak n-heksana memiliki nilai kadar hambat minimal (KHM) terhadap bakteri uji S. aureus ATCC 25923 62,5 mg/ml sedangkan ekstrak etil asetat 125 mg/ml. Ekstrak n-heksana memiliki nilai KHM terhadap bakteri uji P.aeuroginosa ATCC 27853 adalah 125 mg/ml dan sedangkan ekstrak etil asetat memiliki nilai KHM 500 mg/ml. Perlakuan pelarut, konsentrasi dan interaksi antara pelarut dan konsentrasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap bakteri uji S. aureus ATCC 25923 pada taraf 5%, interaksi tertinggi yaitu pelarut N-Heksan dengan konsentrasi 15,625mg/ml dan interaksi ini tidak berbeda nyata dengan konsentrasi 31,25 mg/ml dan 125 mg/ml. Perlakuan pelarut dan konsentrasi berpengaruh nyata sedangkan interaksi antara pelarut dan konsentrasi tidak berpengaruh terhadap bakteri uji P.aeuroginosa ATCC 27853 pada taraf 5%. Kata kunci: Garcinia mangostana L., Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pendidikan Islam dalam Turbulensi Era 4.0
Authors: Priyatno Adun 
Published: August 2020

The challenges faced by the educational world become more complex. Due to the present digitalization era, education is required to adjust to the existence of technological advancementby integrating technology into its educational systems. Modernization of Islamic educations hasrecently become a certainly and should be realized in all educational aspects starting from itseducation curriculums, educational institutions managements, learning models and strategies usedcreate education which is in accordance with the need of this era. Within those advancements,character education has become an oasis in the middle of morality decadences of millennialgeneration in the present society and a fort to prevent the destruction of a nation. Thethe research method uses literature study by collecting data from documentation using descriptive analysis
method. The results of the study can be concluded, Islamic education transformation isgreatly required to gain solutions from the arising crisis and problems. Strengthening Islamiceducational institutions also require more attention, including strengthening the Islamiceducational management, Islamic educational leadership, and educational policy reform which isintended to create an intact generation as well as excellent and competitive human resources withcreativity, innovations, character, independence, nationality, and religiously in facing theturbulence era 4.0 where humans are expected to be fast, accurate, effective, and efficient.
Realizing Learners’ Writing Problem from the Beginning: A Case Study
Authors: Wahyu Mahendra Made 
Published: August 2020

Abstract The importance of writing has become a primary concern in teaching English as a foreign language. The skill of writing enables learners to generate ideas into certain organisation and awareness once the process of writing is undertaken. From writing, learners are also expected to be able to construct and use the language more accurately because they have enough time to think compared to have an oral activity. However, such an ideal situation can hardly be manifested due to particular problems faced by learners. This present study aims at investigating the struggling points of writing construction done by students. There were fourteen students who were purposefully selected as the subject of this study. In order to gather the supporting data, the researcher employs document study and direct observation. This study is expected to give contribution to help teachers confirming common problems faced by students during learning writing. Nevertheless, it also contributes to other prospective studies which are on the same interest with this present one. Keywords : Assessing Writing, Writing Problems, Writing Construction
Slang Language Acquisition, Construction, and Context of Used in Teenagers’ Perspective of Batam City
Authors: Ambalegin Suhardianto, 
Published: August 2020

Abstract This study aims to find the acquisition, construction and perspectives of adolescents in the use of slang in the city of Batam. This research is a qualitative research used to examine the condition of natural objects where researchers are as a key instrument. In this study, researchers will conduct an investigation by collecting data directly or face to face with the source data and perform descriptive analysis without using statistical procedures or other calculations.The results showed that the formula in the acquisition and construction of slang languages can be seen from seven ways, among others: (a) Abbreviation, (b) Deletion, (c) Letter and sound change, (d) Adoption of Basic Word, (e) English or Indonesian-mixed abbreviation, (f) Citation from other slang languages, (g) New Construction. While the perspective of using slang among teenagers in communicating between them is 30.25% say, they use slang because they want to show other groups that they look more slick and cool, follow the times as much as 27.72%, easier to communicate between them 21% Follow-up friends 7.56%, funny 5.04%, let famous 4.20% and custom 1.64%. Keywords: acquisition, construction, perspective, slang
REDESAIN STAN PEDAGANG SUVENIR DILINGKUNGAN MUSEUM SANGIRAN SRAGEN DENGAN PENDEKATAN ERGOKULTURAL
Authors: Haryanto Eko Sri , Utomo Tri Prasetyo 
Published: August 2020

The souvenir product booth is an important tool that is used to support the smooth running of business activities in public space for traders. The souvenir product booth is used by sellers to display their merchandise to attract visitors to come and do buying and selling activities. This applied research aims to determine the condition of the souvenir merchant product booth at the Sangiran Museum, then analyze and synthesize, then do a new booth redesign that is in accordance to the demands of function, ergonomics, culture and image of Sangiran Museum tourism object. The design of the new booth was made so that it could function properly to support the display of the typical Sangiran products sold. In the end, it was hoped that there would be additional transactions so as to increase the sales turnover of souvenir merchants in Sangiran Museum area. The design is made based on the rules of function, safe and comfortable ergonomically, and has a distinctive character according to the tourist destinations in Sangiran Museum.The object of applied design research is the product stand for souvenir merchants in SangiranMuseu. The method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach supported by quantitative dataor can be called a multiple research strategy. Quantitative data here means using numerical data which is the result of measurement in the field, then compared to the references, resource persons and analyzed based on the researcher interpretation. The design activities begin with product discovery stage to obtain innovative creations in the product design process.The results of applied art / design research are in the form of designs and booths that are in accordance to the rules; functions, ergonomics, beauty and image of Sangiran Museum. The results of the creation of art / design are also expected to provide material for the Interior Design and Furniture Design Courses in Interior Design Study Program, ISI Surakarta. Keywords : booth redesign, ergonomics, culture, Sangiran Museum
KEBERADAAN PAGUYUBAN SENI KARAWITAN KANTOR SETDA KABUPATEN BOYOLALI
Authors: Larasati Anggit , Sukerna Nyoman 
Published: August 2020

This article is motivated by the employees of the Boyolali District Secretariat who feel bored while working all day at the office. Boredom makes employees not focus on their work. Until in the end they found a solution to solve the problem, namely by having a context. According to them, having charisma can make the mood and mind calm, and from that the Andini Laras community association was formed which consisted of employees of the Boyolali District Secretariat. Based on this background, the problems revealed in this study are (1) How the activities of Setda Boyolali’s gamelan community since it was founded in 1988 until now and (2) Why the Setol regency’s gamelan musical community is still surviving until now. This research is a qualitative research, to answer this question the author uses Marx’s ideas about sociology and Sedyawati’s development. Based on observations, involvement and efforts were made to conduct mental therapy while preserving and preserving Javanese culture. Efforts are made to maintain its existence through activities based on member motivation and external stimulation. The members’ motivation was in the form of a desire to express their joy in music and their desire to do mental therapy. The stimulation that influenced the existence of the musical arts community of the Boyolali District Secretariat office remained in the form of community and government support in Boyolali Regency.Keywords: The existence, Andini Laras, and the Regional Secretariat Staff.
Archiwalne gry planszowe dla dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym z terenu Prus Wschodnich – potencjał edukacyjny z historią w tle
Authors: Sławińska Małgorzata , Sapała Barbara 
Published: August 2020

Celem artykułu jest rozpoznanie potencjału edukacyjnego dwóch oryginalnych niemieckich gier planszowych dla dzieci, zaprojektowanych i wykonanych w latach 1935–1936 przez anonimowe uczennice Wyższego Seminarium dla Przedszkolanek i Ochroniarek w Olsztynie, działającego pod patronatem Stowarzyszenia Caritasu dla Diecezji Warmińskiej. Tematem gier jest region Warmii i Mazur, będący dawniej częścią Prus Wschodnich. Analiza treści gier dotyczy fabuły, określonej w instrukcjach, oraz obiektów zaprezentowanych na planszach, w tym głównie zabytków i instytucji użyteczności publicznej oraz elementów naturalnego krajobrazu Warmii i Mazur. Przyjmując, że podłoże kulturowe jest kluczowym źródłem praktyk dydaktycznych, kontekstem dla rozważań nad celami i możliwym zastosowaniem badanych pomocy dydaktycznych uczyniono sytuację społeczno-polityczną Niemiec w okresie międzywojennym. Interpretacja potencjału edukacyjnego tytułowych materiałów obejmuje rozpoznanie ich walorów poznawczych, wskazując na zastosowanie w obrębie dziedzin określanych we współczesnej dydaktyce jako edukacja patriotyczna, przyrodnicza, społeczna i regionalna, a także odkrywa potencjalne propagandowe znaczenie gier dla krzewienia obecnych wówczas w niemieckiej edukacji ideałów narodowego socjalizmu.
Cytokine Release Ensuing Interaction Between Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclears and Epstein-Barr Virus Transformed B-CLL Cell Line
Authors: Bessler Hanna , Leibovitch Chiya Moshe , Djaldetti Meir 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

Introduction
B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is a common form of leukemia affecting mostly elderly individuals. The course of the disease is usually unremarkable, but because it may proceed with impaired immune defense, B-CLL might be complicated with infections and even death. The leukemic microenvironment containing a number of immune cells, mainly lymphocytes and macrophages capable to produce various molecules including inflammatory cytokines, plays an important role in the development and outcome of the disease. We studied the capacity of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) cell line (EHEB) cells, an EBV-transformed line established from a B-CLL patient, to affect the production of inflammatory cytokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).

Methods
PBMC isolated from peripheral blood of healthy donors were incubated either with EHEB cells or with their supernatants and the production of the following cytokines: tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-1ra, and IL-10 were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.

Results
Direct contact of PBMC incubated with EHEB cells induced a marked increase of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IFNγ, and IL-10 release by the immune cells. Yet, incubation of PBMC with EHEB cells' supernatant resulted in a mild production of the same cytokines.

Conclusions
The noticeable increased production of inflammatory cytokines by PBMC following direct contact with EHEB cells and to a lesser degree with their supernatants implies the existence of an immune dialogue between these two types of cells. The results support the concept that not only leukemic cells, but also peripheral blood mononuclears could serve as a therapeutic target for B-CLL.
Numerical modeling of hiding properties of underwater acoUStic communication signals with linear sweep of the carrier
Authors: Кебкал К.Г. 
Published: August 2020

На результатах численного моделирования продемонстрировано, что распределения вероятностей огибающей и фазы смеси гауссова шума и (слабого) гидроакустического сигнала связи, характеризуемого линейной разверткой несущей, могут иметь исчезающе малые отличия от аналогичных распределений, характерных для просто гауссова шума. Использование непрерывного расширения спектра сигнала связи может представлять интерес для задач скрытого обмена данными, в которых обнаружение сеанса связи устройствами перехвата должно быть затруднительным или невозможным. С применением численных моделей проанализированы возможности использования сигналов с непрерывным расширением спектра для скрытой цифровой гидроакустической связи посредством штатных приемоизлучающих гидроакустических систем, находящихся на вооружении действующих кораблей.
Based on the results of the numerical modeling, the vanishingly small differences between the probability distributions of the envelope and phase of the sum of Gaussian noise and (weak) underwater acoustic signal with linear carrier sweep, and the same distributions for the Gaussian noise all alone are demonstrated. Utilization of the continuous spectrum spread of the communication signal may be applied to the task of covert data exchange, where detection of the communication session by the intercepting equipment must be complicated or impossible. Using numerical models, we analyzed the capabilities of implementation of the signals with continuous spectrum spread for covert digital underwater acoustic communications through the standard underwater acoustic transducers, which are in service on the operational ready vessels.