bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Cytotoxic Activity of Novel Mono- and Bis-Indole Derivatives: Analogues of Marine Alkaloid Nortopsentin
Authors: Kamel Mona Monir , Abdel-hameid Mohamed Kamal , El-Nassan Hala Bakr , El-Khouly Eman Adel 
Published: May 2020

Background:
The oceans cover more than 70% of the earth’s surface, which represents
over 95% of the biosphere. Therefore, oceans provide a wealth of marine invertebrates, especially
sponges, ascidians, bryozoans and molluscs that produce structurally unique bioactive metabolites
such as alkaloids. The bioactive scaffolds of marine alkaloids exhibit cytotoxic activities against
human cancer cell lines.

Objective:
To prepare analogues of the marine alkaloid nortopsentin [having 2,4-bis(3'-
indolyl)imidazole scaffold] as cytotoxic agents via structural modification of the core imidazole
ring and one of the side indole rings.

Methods:
Four series of nortopsentin analogues were synthesized in which the imidazole ring was
replaced by pyrazole, pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidinone and pyridine rings. Furthermore, one of the side
indole rings was replaced by substituted phenyl moiety. The target compounds were tested for
their in vitro cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 cell-line and the most potent compound was subjected
to further investigation on its effect on HCT-116 cell cycle progression.

Results:
The cytotoxic screening of the synthesized compounds revealed that bis-indolylpyridinedicarbonitriles
8a-d exhibited the most potent cytotoxic activity with IC50=2.6-8.8 μM. Compound
8c was further tested by flow cytometry analysis to explore its effect on HCT-116 cell cycle progression
that, in turn, indicated its anti-proliferative effect.

Conclusion:
Marine-derived bis-indole alkaloids (nortopsentins) have emerged as a new class of
indole-based antitumor agents. The design of new analogues involved several modifications in order
to obtain more selective and potent cytotoxic agents. Indole derivatives bearing a pyridine core
displayed more potent cytotoxic activity than those containing pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(1H)-one
moiety.
An In Silico Approach Towards Investigation of Possible Effects of Essential Oils Constituents on Receptors Involved in Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) and Associated Risk Factors (Diabetes Mellitus and Hyperlipidemia)
Authors: Hamedi Azadeh , Sakhteman Amirhossein , Moheimani Seyed Mahmoud 
Published: May 2020

Aim:
Aromatherapy products, hydrosol beverages and distillates containing essential oils
are widely used for cardiovascular conditions. Investigation of the possible activity of their major
constituents with the cardiovascular-related receptors may lead to developing new therapeutics. It
also may prevent unwanted side effects and drug-herb interactions.

Materials and Methods:
A list of 243 volatile molecules (mainly monoterpene and sesquiterpene)
was prepared from a literature survey in Scopus and PubMed (2000-2019) on hydrosols and essential
oils which are used for Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) and its risk factors (diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidemia).
The PDB files of the receptors (229 native PDB files) included alpha-glucosidase, angiotensin-
converting enzymes, beta-2 adrenergic receptor, glucocorticoid, HMG-CoA reductase, insulin,
mineralocorticoid, potassium channel receptors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptoralpha,
were downloaded from Protein Data Bank. An in silico study using AutoDock 4.2 and Vina in
parallel mode was performed to investigate possible interaction of the molecules with the receptors.
Drug likeliness of the most active molecules was investigated using DruLiTo software.

Results:
Spathulenol, bisabolol oxide A, bisabolone oxide, bergapten, bergamotene, dill apiole, pcymene,
methyl jasmonate, pinocarveol, intermedeol, α-muurolol, S-camphor, ficusin, selinen-4-ol,
iso-dihydrocarveol acetate, 3-thujanone, linanool oxide and cadinol isomers made a better interaction
with some of the named receptors. All of the named molecules had an acceptable dug likeliness except
for α-bergamotene. In addition, all of the named molecules had the ability to pass the bloodbrain
barrier and it is possible to produce unwanted side effects.

Conclusion:
Some ingredients of essential oils might be active on cardiovascular-related receptors.
Vascular Effects of Avocado Seed Glycosides during Diabetes-induced Endothelial Damage
Authors: Amadi Peter U. , Agomuo Emmanuel N. , Adumekwe Chiamaka 
Published: May 2020

Background and Objectives:
The relationship between vascular damage and diabetes
mellitus was exploited using avocado seed extracts. The purpose of the study was to understand the
therapeutic relevance of glycosides compared to standard vascular and anti-diabetic drugs.
Constituent Avocado Seed Glycosides (ASG) were analysed and administered to rats with
Diabetes-Induced Vascular Damage (DIVD).

Methods:
The rats were first administered with streptozotocin and screened after seven days for
alterations in blood glucose, insulin, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1), Von Willebrand
factor (VWF), Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAS), eNOx, and endothelin-1 (ET-1).
Only rats that satisfied these criteria were recruited and treated with either glibenclamide, met.su +
losart, or 200 mg/kg body weight ASG for 28 days.

Results:
There was an abundance of digitoxin (13.41 mg/100g), digoxin (17.98 mg/100g),
avicularin (165.85 mg/100g), and hyperoside (282.51 mg/100g). ASG or met.su + losart exhibited
slight modulatory properties on glucose homeostasis. Rats with DIVD showed elevated renin,
angiotensin, VCAM-1 and Lp-PLA2 levels but slightly decreased with glibenclamide treatment and
normalized with ASG or met.su + losart administration. All treatments normalized Hcy levels.
DIVD caused the overproduction of CnT, LDH, Crt-K, LDL-c, TG, and TC and suppressed HDL-c
but was completely normalized by the ASG. Water intake remained altered in treated rats.

Conclusion:
The ASG had no relevant effect on glucose homeostasis during DIVD but showed
significant vasoprotective properties.
Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Properties of the β-caryophyllene in Swiss Mice: Involvement of Benzodiazepine-GABAAergic, Serotonergic and Nitrergic Systems
Authors: da Silva Oliveira George L. , da Silva José C. Correia L. , dos Santos C. L da Silva Ana P. , Feitosa Chistiane M. , de Castro Almeida Fernanda R. 
Published: May 2020

Background:
Central nervous system disorders such as anxiety, depression and epilepsy are characterized by sharing several
molecular mechanisms in common and the involvement of the L-arginine/NO pathway in neurobehavioral studies with β-caryophyllene is
still little discussed.

Objectives:
One of the objectives of the present study was to demonstrate the anxiolytic behavioral effect of β-caryophyllene (β-CBP) in
female Swiss mice, as well as to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the results obtained.

Methods:
This study evaluated the neurobehavioral effects of β-CBP using the open field test, rota-rod test, elevated plus maze test, novelty
suppressed feeding test, tail suspension test and forced swim test, as well as pilocarpine, pentylenetetrazole and isoniazid-induced epileptic
seizure models.

Results::
The results demonstrated that the neuropharmacological activities of β-CBP may involve benzodiazepine/GABAergic receptors,
since the pre-treatment of β-CBP (200 mg/kg) associated with flumazenil (5 mg/kg, benzodiazepine receptor antagonist) and bicuculline (1
mg/kg, selective GABAA receptor antagonist) reestablished the anxiety parameters in the elevated plus-maze test, as well as the results of
reduced latency to consume food in the novelty suppressed feeding test. In addition to benzodiazepine/GABAergic receptors, the
neuropharmacological properties of β-CBP may be related to inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis, since pre-treatment with L-arginine (500-
750 mg/kg) reversed significantly the anxiolytic, antidepressant and anticonvulsant activities of β-CBP.

Conclusion:
The results obtained provide additional support in understanding the neuromolecular mechanisms underlying the anxiolytic,
antidepressant and anticonvulsive properties of β-CBP in female Swiss mice.
Analysis of Cell Fraction of 99mTc-HMPAO Radiolabeled Leukocytes
Authors: Kim Eun-Mi , Jeong Hwan-Jeong , Lim Seok-Tae , Sohn Myung-Hee 
Published: May 2020

Purpose:
99mTc-HMPAO radiolabeled autologous leukocyte scintigraphy is routinely used
clinically for infection imaging. Leukocytes are mostly separated via sedimentation. It is unknown
whether leukocytes are clearly separated by sedimentation or selectively labeled. Therefore, in this
study, the blood cell numbers were investigated after leukocyte radiolabeling to identify the cells
strongly radiolabeled by 99mTc-HMPAO.

Methods:
This study was performed with leftover blood samples of the patients who underwent
99mTc-HMPAO scintigraphy at Chonbuk National University Hospital (2018-2019). The blood of 22
patients was drawn for 99mTc-HMPAO scintigraphy. WBCs were separated via conventional sedimentation
at our clinic and radiolabeled. The concentration of cell components was determined using an
automatic hematology analyzer. The cells in the final sample injectate sample were separated using
Histopaque and counted with a dose calibrator.

Results:
The average numbers of RBCs, WBCs, and PLTs in the final injection sample were 79 ± 33,
23.26 ± 11.95, and 229.5 ± 206.57 x 103/μL, respectively. The PLT number was almost 10-fold the
number of WBCs. The number of RBCs was nearly 3-fold higher than WBCs [RBC/WBC ratio = 4.67
± 3.58, and PLT/WBC ratio = 10.65 ± 12.46]. Following Histopaque separation, the activity of each
layer showed 99mTc-HMPAO labeling of WBC > RBC > PLT in order. The total activity/cell numbers
of WBCs, RBCs and PLTs were 0.016 ± 0.010, 0.005 ± 0.005 and 0.003 ± 0.002, respectively
(p > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Although the numbers of RBCs and PLTs were highly increased after sedimentation, their
individual cellular activity was lower than that of WBCs. 99mTc-HMPAO was more selective to WBCs
than RBCs or PLTs. In conclusion, a higher number of WBCs were radiolabeled compared with RBCs
and PLTs.
Etoricoxib and Herbal Adjuvant Containing Nanoparticles Incorporated Gel and Ointment Formulations for the Treatment of Human Skin Melanoma (SK-MEL-2)
Authors: Sharma Rashmi , Malviya Rishabha 
Published: May 2020

Aim:
The aim of study was to develop nanoparticles consisting etoricoxib with ethanolic extract of ginger rhizome (GE) and basil leaves
(BE) and evaluated against human skin cancer cells (melanoma, SK-MEL-2). Nanoparticles were further incorporated into gel and ointment and
characterized.

Material:
Concentration of extract was varied while etoricoxib remains constant in nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were incorporated into gel and
ointment, prepared by using tamarind seed polysaccharide and aloe vera gel, respectively.

Result:
All the batches of nanoparticles were evaluated for particle size and were found from 924
nm (N1) to 1084 nm (N9). The loading efficiency of etoricoxib varied form 66.8 ± 0.05% (N4) to
85.1 ± 0.04% (N9), for GE 60.3 ± 0.04% (N4) to 72.1 ± 0.05% (N9), for BE 59.5 ± 0.04% (N8) to
80.5 ± 0.03% (N9). The consistency of ointment and gel was found smooth. The pH of the nanoparticles
incorporated ointment was observed 6.2 ± 0.023 (O6) to 6.2 ± 0.089 (O4), viscosity was
found as 0.70 ± 0.098 (O3) to 1.130 ± 0.092 (O1) gm/cm3, and spreadability in the range of 58.3 ±
0.062 (O2) to 66.2 ± 0.098 (O5)%. The pH of nanoparticles incorporated gel was observed 6.2 ±
0.019 (G2) to 6.2 ± 0.098 (G7), viscosity was found as 0.847 ± 0.030 (G7) to 1.130 ± 0.065
gm/cm3 (G9), with spreadability in the range of 62.5 ± 0.045% (G5) to 70.51±0.056% (G4). In
vitro cytotoxic studies showed that nanoparticles incorporated gel formulation (G1) was able to
control cell growth (SK-MEL-2).

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that etoricoxib and herbal components consisting formulations were able to control human skin cancer cells.
Haptic Nudges Increase Affected Upper Limb Movement During Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation: Multiple-Period Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Signal Nada Elizabeth June , McLaren Ruth , Rashid Usman , Vandal Alain , King Marcus , Almesfer Faisal , Henderson Jeanette , Taylor Denise 
Published: May 2020

Background
As many as 80% of stroke survivors experience upper limb (UL) disability. The strong relationships between disability, lost productivity, and ongoing health care costs mean reducing disability after stroke is critical at both individual and society levels. Unfortunately, the amount of UL-focused rehabilitation received by people with stroke is extremely low. Activity monitoring and promotion using wearable devices offer a potential technology-based solution to address this gap. Commonly, wearable devices are used to deliver a haptic nudge to the wearer with the aim of promoting a particular behavior. However, little is known about the effectiveness of haptic nudging in promoting behaviors in patient populations.

Objective
This study aimed to estimate the effect of haptic nudging delivered via a wrist-worn wearable device on UL movement in people with UL disability following stroke undertaking inpatient rehabilitation.

Methods
A multiple-period randomized crossover design was used to measure the association of UL movement with the occurrence of haptic nudge reminders to move the affected UL in 20 people with stroke undertaking inpatient rehabilitation. UL movement was observed and classified using movement taxonomy across 72 one-minute observation periods from 7:00 AM to 7:00 PM on a single weekday. On 36 occasions, a haptic nudge to move the affected UL was provided just before the observation period. On the other 36 occasions, no haptic nudge was given. The timing of the haptic nudge was randomized across the observation period for each participant. Statistical analysis was performed using mixed logistic regression. The effect of a haptic nudge was evaluated from the intention-to-treat dataset as the ratio of the odds of affected UL movement during the observation period following a “Planned Nudge” to the odds of affected limb movement during the observation period following “No Nudge.”

Results
The primary intention-to-treat analysis showed the odds ratio (OR) of affected UL movement following a haptic nudge was 1.44 (95% CI 1.28-1.63, P<.001). The secondary analysis revealed an increased odds of affected UL movement following a Planned Nudge was predominantly due to increased odds of spontaneous affected UL movement (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.65-2.51, P<.001) rather than affected UL movement in conjunction with unaffected UL movement (OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.99-1.29, P=.07).

Conclusions
Haptic nudging delivered via a wrist-worn wearable device increases affected UL movement in people with UL disability following stroke undertaking inpatient rehabilitation. The promoted movement appears to be specific to the instructions given.

Trial Registration
Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry 12616000654459; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=370687&isReview=true
The calorie burning calculation system in jogging using a thresholding-based accelerometer sensor
Authors: Okmayura Finanta , Jefiza Adlian , Ramadhani Witri 
Published: May 2020

Jogging has benefits for burning calories as well as for losing the weight of the body. However, the reality that often happens is that sportsmen overwork their body in exercising so that it has passed its normal threshold. This causes over or lower calorie burning in these athletes. To overcome these problems, we need a device that can later monitor calorie burning. This device is created on an Android-based platform using an accelerometer sensor. Using this sensor, the system can count the number of a person’s steps previously obtained through the threshold value as the threshold value to determine the steps. Calculation of calorie burning uses a formula that involves the number of footsteps, time, and weight of the user. This application testing involved 15 participants by comparing the calorie burning results through the application and manual calculation, so that the overall error percentage of 0.60% was obtained, so it can be concluded that 99.40% of the calorie burning calculation system in jogging using a thresholding-based accelerometer sensor is appropriate for athletes to provide information of their calories burning in jogging.
METODE DAKWAH GUS DUR DAN ERA REVOLUSI INDUSTRI 4.0
Authors: Khasanah Faizatun 
Published: May 2020

Da'wa in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0 experienced significant development. This can be seen from the rise of daâ€™wa on Youtube, Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, and other social media platform. In the other hand, today's da'wa faces challenges such as the degradation of the preaching message content. As a preacher in his time, Gus Dur had an important method of preaching to be explored and replicated. Gus Dur's da'wa who shared peace and pluralism became a special characteristic. This study wants to answer question of how the Gus Dur daâ€™wa method and its relevance to the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. This research used a literature study approach. This research found three methods of Gus Durâ€™s preaching. First, the written preaching. Second, the verbal preaching. Third, preaching in action. The three methods are relevant to use in the era of industrial revolution 4.0 which characterized the massive use of digital lines to preach.Â Â Â Â Â
BELAJAR ISLAM MELALUI LITERATUR VISUAL: PEMBENTUKAN IDENTITAS MODERAT ANAK MUSLIM MILENIAL
Authors: Lyansari Kirana Nur 
Published: May 2020

Moslem children have tended to learn religious teaching through teachers at theÂ Taman Pendidikan Al-Qurâ€™anÂ (TPA)Â andÂ Boarding School. Through the old religious authority, a teacher or cleric provided Islamic teaching taken from the classic books. However, in this millennial era, the old religious authorities must be collaborated with alternative kinds of literature, such as popular Islamic children books. This paper would like to see the presence of Islamic children's visual literature over the past few years as an alternative source of religious authority by analyzing the visual images and text displayed. The generation of millennial Muslim children consumes practical, interesting, and fun religious knowledge through Islamic visual literacy. The visual literature of the Islamic children in this paper includes three domains of analysis, namely: theology, daily ethics, and Sirah nabi. This paper argues that the presence of Islamic children's visual literature is as a media response in promoting polite preaching among millennial generation, as well as constructing alternative religious authority as a source of creating a new identity.
THE IMAGE OF WISE WOMAN IN A LITERARY TEXT (BASED ON THE NOVEL „THE DEVIL WEARS PRADA” BY LAUREN WEISBERGER)
Authors: Babelyuk Oksana , Galaidin Andrii 
Published: May 2020

The article is focused on main characteristics of a new postmodern genre ̶ chick lit, namely on the image of a wise woman in modern literature. The analysis is based on the novel “The Devil Wears Prada” by Lauren Weisberger, as well as on the classification of literary images that occur in contemporary Poetics. The authors assume that chick lit presents a new type of a woman in postmodern literature - a wise woman. It is defined that lexical means and stylistic devices, such as metaphors, personifications, hyperboles, and rhetorical questions create the image of wise woman as the one who is aspiring to a career, realising herself not only in the area of family, but mainly in the area of professional life, and at the same time does not forget to take care of herself in the struggle of different duties. It is stressed that this image has not always meant an independent feminist woman, but has in fact undergone great transformations from a feminine stereotype of a devoted woman to a wise woman due to rapid changes that have taken place recently in women's lives.
IMPLEMENTATION OF WHO HAND HYGIENE IMPROVEMENT STRATEGY IN TRNAVA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL, SLOVAKIA
Authors: Prnová Janka , Brňová Jaroslava , Rusnáková Viera 
Published: May 2020

Hand hygiene is considered to be the most simple, effective and economic measure to prevent the spread of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance. Based on the study, application of the World Health Organization’s Multimodal Hand Hygiene Improvement Strategy can improve hand hygiene compliance in hospital settings and reduce these infections. Trnava University Hospital was included to World Health Organization (WHO) launched a worldwide campaign focused on hand hygiene in 2013, when infection control specialist has started working on daily basis. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of implementing the Multimodal Hand Hygiene Strategy according to WHO. We assessed alcohol-based hand rub consumption during the period 2013 and 2018 and hand hygiene compliance in 2018 as a baseline. During observed period alcohol-based hand rub consumptions significantly increased from 15.7 L/1000 patient days to 24.3 L/1000 patient days (p<0.05). Overall compliance as per WHO guidelines were 38.9%.
TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND ANTIMICROBIAL POTENTIAL OF PHLOMIS PUNGENS WILLD
Authors: Bazavluk Yehor , Hamada Vira , Polish Nataliya , Konechna Roksolana , Mykytiuk Solomiia , Novikov Volodymyr 
Published: May 2020

The objective of the present study was to determine the total content of phenolics and flavonoids in ethanol extracts of Phlomis рungens Willd. The total phenolic content was estimated spectrophotometrically using Folin Ciocalteu method. The total flavonoid content was measured by aluminium chloride colorimetric assay. The antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of the extracts were investigated. The Phlomis рungens Willd can be regarded as a promising natural plant source of antimicrobial and antioxidant effects with high potential for phytopreparations.
SEXUALITY OF INDIVIDUALS WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITIES - SOCIAL MYTHS AND PREJUDICES
Authors: Ivanová Zuzana , Harčaríková Terézia 
Published: May 2020

Sexuality and the life of an individual with a physical disability is a strange and unique phenomenon associated with many myths and prejudices for many people. The article defines sexuality with all functions and impact on the quality of life of both the intact population and individuals with physical disabilities.
The next part describes sexuality of physically handicapped and its specifics. Finally, the article defines the most common social myths and prejudices about sexuality of individuals with physical disabilities and partner life, which is also described in the section „z výskumu“.
Educação bilíngue para surdos em Barcelona - Espanha
Authors: Chaveiro Neuma , Rodríguez-Martín Dolors , Faria Juliana Guimarães 
Published: May 2020

O objetivo é descrever a educação bilíngue de surdos, por meio da visão advinda da família e da educação. Possui abordagem qualitativa descritivo-analítica. Contou com 3 participantes: uma mãe de surdo, uma surda com formação em licenciatura e fonoaudiologia e uma professora ouvinte, pesquisadora na área de Língua de Sinais (LS). A análise dos dados indica três categorias: 1) Educação Bilíngue – empoderamento dos surdos; 2) Saúde – Reverberações da oralização no processo educativo; 3) Família – interface com a educação bilíngue. Percebe-se que a educação bilíngue de surdos em Barcelona vive um momento de ressignificação, de busca pela valorização da LS, no entanto, não descartam os benefícios do implante coclear, embora se tenha plena consciência que o “implante coclear não é um milagre”. Conclui-se que há o surgimento na educação bilíngue de um novo perfil sociocultural da pessoa surda: o surdo bilíngue implantado.