bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Physical Fitness for Students with Mentally impaired Aged 10-12 years in Poso Regency, Sulawesi Tengah Province, Indonesia
Authors: Addriana Bulu Baan , Tandiyo Rahayu , Soegiyanto Soegiyanto , Sulaiman Sulaiman 
Published: November 2019

The ability of mentally retarded children with children in general is different, both in terms of the recipient stimulates and concentrates on the problem or activity carried out so that in giving a response has a difference, therefore there needs to be differences in special treatment or service. This study aims to determine the level of physical fitness of mentally impaired students aged 10-12 years in Poso District, Indonesia.The research design used was quantitative descriptive research. Sample in this study were 15 mentally impaired students aged 10-12 years. The test used to determine Physical Fitness uses the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test which consists of 1.) Running 50 meters, 2) Pull Up, 3.) Sit Up, 4.) Vertical Jump, 5) Run 600 meters. Data obtained from the test results were analyzed using descriptive analysis such as mean, standard deviation and percentage (%)Physical Fitness Tests for Mentally Impairedmale students are obtained by students who are in the very good category 0%, good 0%, moderate 50%, less 37.5%, very less 12.5%. While Mentally Impairedfemale students are obtained very good 0%, good 0%, moderate 28.57%, less category 57.15%, very less category 14.28%. The overall summary of the physical fitness level of the students is in the very good category 0%, good 0%, medium 40% less 46.67%, very less 13.33%. From these results it is known that Physical Fitness for students with Mentally Impaired Students aged 10-12 years old is included in the less category. So it is recommended that there be special treatment and instruments for physical fitness tests in Mentally Impaired Students
Evaluation of static anthropometric characteristics of children aged 2 to 6 years in kindergartens and preschools in Isfahan and comparison with the anthropometric information of Belgium
Authors: Zarinkafsh M , Halvani Gh , Fallah H , Asgari M 
Published: November 2019

Introduction: The adequacy of facilities and the individual securities in the different age groups is importance and leads to increase productivity and improve people's daily activities. This is in keeping with the principles of ergonomics in the design of equipment. The present study aimed to measure body dimensions of a representative sample of children aged 2 to 6 years old in Kindergarten and preschool children in the city of Isfahan compared with the physical dimensions in Belgium.
Method: In this study, it was measured 24 static anthropometric dimensions of 700 people samples, including 350 male and 350 female in kindergartens and preschools from Isfahan aged 2–6 years usig rated vertical planes with 2*1 meter dimension, caliper with a movable jaw and tape measure .These data were analyzed by SPSS software, version 20 and descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, max and min level ,median, mode and percentiles value was calculated for each dimension. Then, the percentiles (5 and 95) were obtained compared to the Belgian standards and the percentage of difference between them was determined.
Results: Descriptive static anthropometric dimensions and percentiles value were presented as an anthropometric database in 5 age groups and it was shown age has effected on a set of 24 anthropometric dimensions (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Age and gender are two factors affecting anthropometric variables. According to the results of this study, it is necessary to use the anterpometric database prepared by the same age group and country in the design of the equipment.
EVALUATIVE FUNCTIONS OF REPORTING VERBS IN THE INTRODUCTIONS OF MASTER THESES
Authors: Abdualhussein Swear Muna , Ali Rezvani Kalajahi Seyed 
Published: November 2019

Purpose of the study: This study has unearthed the serious challenges faced postgraduate students in the University of Technology in either over-using or miss-using of some reporting verbs which make their work monotonous and repetitive
Methodology: The study is based on a small corpus consisting of the Introduction (henceforth LR) in 3 master theses written by students from the University of Technology who finished their Master's degree in engineering. It is important to mention here that the term” writer” is used to refer to the master student who is reporting information and ideas of the previous studies written in the same field and the term “source” refers to the person who is being reported as a reference in the study.
Results: The analysis revealed the students' preference to use factive verbs more than non-factive verbs; however, they are non-willing to use counter-factive verbs in writing the Introductions. This indicates their inability to challenge existing knowledge in the field effectively.
Applications of this study: This research can be used for the universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality of this study: In this research, the model of the Evaluative Functions of Reporting Verbs in the Introductions of Master Theses is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
FACTORS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY IN LARGE CITIES OF RUSSIA
Authors: Vladimirovich Rodnyansky Dmitry , Raisovich Sadyrtdinov Ruslan , Aleksandrovna Avtsinova Anna , Nikolaevich Makarov Ivan 
Published: November 2019

Purpose: In this article, a correlation and regression analysis are carried out aimed at identifying the interrelation between the indicators of socio-economic development of cities and the number of business entities in them.
Methodology: This is analytical-logical research that has been done through content analysis and documentary and library research.
Result: The entrepreneurial activity in these cities depends on such factors as the retail sales per capita, the proportion of unemployed who applied to the employment service in total population, budget revenues per capita and the volume of paid services per capita. The equations compiled for the other cities did not pass the test according to Student and Fisher criteria. Therefore, it can be concluded that other factors not considered in this analysis influence the entrepreneurial activity in those cities. The revealed dependencies will help determine the directions for a further increase of entrepreneurial activity in the large cities of Russia.
Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of factors of entrepreneurial activity in large cities of Russia is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.
Developmental derivation of vocal fold mucosa from human induced pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Lungova Vlasta , Thibeault Susan 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Development of treatments for vocal dysphonia has been inhibited by lack of human vocal fold (VF) mucosa models because of difficulty in procuring VF epithelial cells, epithelial cells’ limited proliferative capacity and absence of cell lines. We report development of engineered VF mucosae from hiPSC, transfected via TALEN constructs for green fluorescent protein, that mimic development of VF epithelial cells in utero. Modulation of FGF signaling achieves stratified squamous epithelium from definitive and anterior foregut derived cultures. Robust culturing of these cells on collagen-fibroblast constructs produces three-dimensional models comparable to in vivo VF mucosa.
Fatty acid composition and regulatory gene expression in late-term embryos of ACRB and COBB broilers
Authors: Su Shengchen , Wang Yidi , Suh Miyoung , Azain Michael , Kim Woo Kyun 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background:Cobb broilers (COBB) have been heavily selected for their production performance in the past several decades, while the Athens Canadian Random Bred (ACRB) chickens, a meat-type breed, has been kept as a non-selected control strain. The purpose of this study was to compare these two lines of chickens at late-embryonic development and identify the molecular markers and fatty acid profiles underlining their differences in growth performance due to selection. Results: COBB had higher egg weight, embryo weight, and breast and fat ratio. The gene expression in the liver showed an interaction between age and breed on FASN (fatty acid synthase) expression with the highest level in COBB at E18. ACRB had higher Apo-B (apolipoprotein B) and MTTP (microsomal triglyceride transfer protein) expression, but lower SREBP-1(regulatory element-binding protein 1) expression compared to COBB. No difference was found in myogenesis gene expression in the muscle between two breeds. For the fatty acid composition, muscle was largely affected by both breed and age. Yolk and liver were affected mainly by breed and age, respectively. Constant interaction effects in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), indicating the highest level in all the tested tissues of ACRB at E14 and the constant main effects with higher myristic, palmitic and gondoic, but lower linolenic acid in the liver and yolk of COBB compared to in those of ACRB. At last, fat accumulation in the liver had no obvious difference between the breeds but was higher when embryo was older. Conclusions: Broiler breed affects egg, embryo and tissue weight, as well as FA composition in initial egg yolk and throughout the embryonic development. The highest docosahexaenoic percentage was observed in ACRB, indicating that genetic selection may result in fatty acid profile changes in chicken tissues and eggs.
Prognostic factors for the 6-year cognitive impairment in China: results from the CLHLS cohort
Authors: Hu Mingyue , Wu Xinyin , Shu Xinhui , Hu Hengyu , Feng Hui 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
There is merely study from China using nationally representative longitudinal dataset to assess the prognostic factors for the progression of normal cognition to cognitive impairment (CI).Aim This study will identify the best subset of 6-year CI predictors.Design and setting 11,781 participants 60 years old or older from Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS, 2008-09 wave) were included at baseline for six-year follow-up. Of these individuals, 4,727 participants were eligible for final analysis. Univariate and binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the significantly related predictors for incident CI. Subsequently, nomogram models were established to rank and find prognostic factors.Results A overall prevalence of 6-year CI was 17.4%, and 60-70, 70-80, 81-90, 91- age groups were 5.4%, 9.5%, 26.1% and 50.3%, respectively. In general, the activities of daily living and baseline cognition were valuable prognostic factors to predict CI, with the exception of unmodifiable factors. Age subgroup analysis showed that, among 60-70 old age group, cardiovascular diseases were valuable prognostic factors; among over 70-year old age groups, baseline cognitive function could be a valuable addition to CI prediction models.Conclusions Brief baseline cognitive testing and functional status were important valuable prognostic factors for CI.
Elevation of serum tumor markers caused by hydronephrosis due to upper tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Jin Xing-Wei , Luo Fang-Xiu , Tu Wei-Chao , Zhang Xiang , Wang Da-Wei , Lu Guo-Liang , Huang Bao-Xing , Zhao Yang , Wang Xian-Jin , Liu Bo-Ke , Shao Yuan , Pan Jun-Wei 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the association of changes in classic serum tumor markers and pathological and clinical manifestations of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) and to analyze its possible mechanism. A retrospective, descriptive analysis was performed in consecutive patients who were diagnosed UTUC during 2014 – 2018 year in our hospital. Detection of classic serum tumor markers (CSTMs, including CA199 、 CA242 、 CA724 、 CA125 、 CEA 、 AFP and SCC-Ag) and pathological manifestations of tumor was collected. The status of hydronephrosis caused by tumor, tumor load and the expressions of CA199, CA724 and CEA in UTUC was also analyzed. Higher rate of abnormal changes in CSTM was found in UTUC patients and it could be dropped off after surgical treatment. There was a correlation between UTUC and the classic serum tumor markers including CA199 、 CA242 、 CA724 and CEA. Tumor metastasis and hydronephrosis induced by tumor may be two independent reasons which caused this phenomenon. Immunohistochemistry technology proved CA199, CA724 and CEA were almost expressed in almost all UTUC tissues. We suggested a hypothesis that the pressure acting on tumor caused by hydronephrosis may extrude tumor markers produced from UTUC into blood and even promote metastasis. This may be helpful for distinguished the upper urinary tract tumor without definite diagnosis.
BioMed_Central_Tex_Template_v1.06 Exploration of Workplace violence experience among nurses at a selected University teaching Hospital in Rwanda
Authors: MUSENGAMANA Valens , Adejumo Oluyinka , BANAMWANA Gilbert , MUKAGENDANEZA Marie Josée , TWAHIRWA Thimothée Shahidi 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Workplace violence is a global problem in the health sector especially in the hospitals affecting healthcare works’ job satisfaction and performance. Workplace violence is present in different forms associated with various factors and the nurses are the most affected. The aim of this study was to explore workplace violence experience among nurses working at a selected University Teaching Hospital in Rwanda.Method The research approach used was quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design. The stratified random sampling was used to recruit 195 participants among 379 nurses. The data was collected using a structured, validated, and self-administered questionnaire that was adapted from the International Labor Organization, International Council of Nurses, World Health Organization and Public Services International. Descriptive statistics were used for analyzing frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test was used for evaluating the association between variables.Results The findings revealed that (58.5%, n=114) of nurses have experienced some types of WPV in the twelve months preceding the study, among them (44.6%, n=108) of nurses were verbally abused. The nurses providing emergency care, the nurses working at the emergency department and nurses working with vulnerable patients like HIV/AIDS patients were associated with workplace violence Chi-square (1, n=195), P=<0.001). The psychological problems has been found as the first consequences of workplace violence.Conclusions Based on the study findings, it was concluded that the hospital management needs to be aware of workplace violence, develop and implement appropriate policies and strategies. These strategies will strengthen nurses’ concentration towards their and will resulting in service delivery improvement.
Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species in pediatric patients visiting International Friendship Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Kayastha Karuna , Dhungel Binod , Karki Shovana , Adhikari Bipin , Banjara Megha Raj , Rijal Komal Raj , Ghimire Prakash 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Background Emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic strains has spread due to production of β-lactamases, which can lead to failure of empirical therapy in clinical settings. Inappropriate use of antibiotics, particularly third generation cephalosporins has contributed to the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This study aims to determine the prevalence of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) production in E. coli and Klebsiella species isolated from various clinical samples. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at International Friendship Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from August 2017 to January 2018. Various clinical samples that included urine, pus, Cerebro-Spinal Fluid (CSF), body fluids, wound swab, endotracheal tip, catheter tip and blood were processed for culture. Following sufficient incubation, isolates were identified by colony morphology, gram staining and necessary biochemical tests. Identified bacterial isolates were then tested for antibiotic susceptibility test by modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method, and were subjected to Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) screening by using 30µg cefotaxime and ceftazidime. ESBL production was confirmed by combination disc method. Results From a total of 103 non-duplicated clinical isolates, E. coli (n=79), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=18) and K. oxytoca (n=6) were isolated from different clinical specimens. Majority (62.1%; 64/103) exhibited Multi-Drug Resistance (MDR) and 28.2% (29/103) were ESBL producers. All of ESBL producing isolates were resistant towards ampicillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime. Most ESBL producers were found to be susceptible towards imipenem (89.7%; 26/29), nitrofurantoin (82.8%; 24/29), piperacillin/tazobactam (79.3%; 23/29), and Amikacin (72.4%; 21/29). Conclusions High prevalence of multi-drug resistant ESBL organisms found in this study warrants restricting empirical treatment of the bacterial infection. Identification of ESBL producers in routine treatment of infectious diseases can reduce unnecessary and inappropriate antimicrobial use and can reduce the preventable morbidity and mortality.
The spatial patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity of seed plants with the climate factors across Ethiopia and Eritrea
Authors: Boru Biyansa H. , Wang Shengwei , Njogu Antony W. , Ochola Anne C. , Xin Haiping , Zhou Yadong , Wang Qingfeng 
Published: November 2019

Abstract
Back ground: Biodiversity is the basic units and measures of the health of ecosystems that provide diverse goods and services for the well-being of human societies and other life forms. However, in this era due to the threats from climatic change and other human-driven environmental changes the earth’s biodiversity is in a grave danger in the world wide. Here, we explored and mapped how the patterns of plant taxonomic diversity, phylogenetic diversity and structures vary across the geographical regions and with respect to environmental factors in Ethiopia and Eritrea in the horn of Africa by using different analyzing methods and diversity measuring indices for the same reasons.Results: Our analysis showed varied spatial distribution patterns of plant diversity across the region and with the gradients of climatic factors. While the central and southern highland parts of Ethiopia were found to be the primary centers of taxonomic diversity, the centers with higher phylogenetic diversity were found scattered in the region. The phylogenetic structures also vary greatly. About 70% of the floristic compositions in the region showed phylogenetically clustering patterns. Significant and different relationships were observed between the climatic variables and plant diversity and phylogenetic structures. Generally mean annual temperature were found to negatively and mean annual precipitation and elevational range have a positively impact the patterns of plant diversity in the region while variable patterns were observed among different plant growth forms. The phylogenetic structure patterns of woody and herbaceous plant groups in terms of NTI were found to be differently impacted by environmental factors.Conclusions: The patterns of plant diversity both from taxonomic and evolutionary perspectives vary greatly across the geographic and with climatic gradients in Ethiopia and Eritrea. Phylogenetic clustering patterns dominate the floristic compositions assembly in the region though considerable areas were found with floristics of phylogenetically overdispersing patterns. The patterns observed from evolutionary perspectives can provide more crucial information for conservation plans. It provide insights that enable the areas with high phylogenetic diversity and phylogenetically overdispersing assemblages to gain as much conservation attention as that of areas with high taxonomic diversity, given their species richness.
Influence of Tithonia Diversifolia on Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield, Fertility and Infiltration Status of Two Clay Varied Soils
Authors: Dayo-Olagbende Olufemi Gabriel , Akingbola Oluwawemimo Omowumi , Afolabi Gbolahan Saheed , Ewulo Babatunde Sunday 
Published: November 2019

Towards a more sustainable soil management through recycling of readily available weeds in Akure, Nigeria, different rates of Tithonia diversifolia (tithonia) were compared on a field trial to evaluate its effect on soil properties. The experiment was sited at two locations in South gate of the Federal University of Technology, Akure. Prior to the field establishment, a composite soil sample was collected and analyzed for physico-chemical properties. The sites were cleared and tilled. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. The treatments consisted of three levels of tithonia application which are 0, 3 and 6 t ha-1. Each experimental unit size was 2 m x 2 m with 1 m alleyway. Maize (Zea mays L. var.TZB-SR) seeds were sown at a spacing of 75 cm by 25 cm and 10 were randomly sampled per plot for growth and yield parameters. Data were collected on maize yield and soil physical and chemical properties after harvest to ascertain sustainability of the mulch material after cropping. Application of tithonia mulch improved growth, and yield indices of maize as well as soil physical and chemical properties. The contents of soil total N, exchangeable cations, , CEC, Organic matter content, total porosity, moisture content and infiltration rate were found to significantly (p>0.05) increase in treatments with tithonia mulch. The best result was from the application rate 6 tha-1 because it improved and left the soil conserved after harvesting maize. Similar trends were observed at the two sites despite variation in inherent soil properties.
Novel Mutations within PRSS1 Gene that Could Potentially Cause Hereditary Pancreatitis: Using Bioinformatics Approach
Authors: Mustafa Mujahed I , Abdelmoneim Abdelrahman H , Elfadol Nafisa M , Osman Soada A , Abdelhameed Tebyan A , Hassan Mohamed A 
Published: November 2019

Hereditary pancreatitis (HP) is a rare heterogeneous disease with partial penetrance identified by frequent episodes of severe abdominal pain, often showing in young aged children. It is complicating by chronic pancreatitis, and high rate of pancreatic cancer (up to 40-50%). The aim of this work was to classify the most deleterious mutation in PRSS1 gene and to predict their influence on the functional and structural level by a variety of bioinformatics analysis tools. The raw data of PRSS1 gene were recovered from SNP database, and further used to examine a deleterious effect using SIFT, PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN, SNAP2, SNPs&GO, PHD-SNP, PANTHER and P-Mut. The functional analysis predicted that two SNPs “rs1366278558 and rs767036052” have a deleterious effect at functional level. Additionally, we submitted them to I-mutant 3.0, and MUPro respectively to investigate their effect on structural level; the two tools revealed that; two mutations have a dramatic decrease of the protein stability, thus suggesting that the M1R and L4P mutations of PRSS1 gene could destabilize the amino acid interactions causing functional abnormalities of PRSS1 protein. The 3D structure of PRSS1 was predicted by RaptorX and modeled using UCSF Chimera to compare the differences between the native and the mutant amino acids. From the comparative analysis at the functional and structural level, these two SNPs “M1R and L4P” have a deleterious effect and thus could be used as diagnostic markers to predict HP. These findings can be used as a platform to develop large-scale studies in the future.