bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic Modifications lead towards Neurodegeneration
Authors: Askari Anna , Noushad Shamoon , Ahmed Sadaf , Mirza Faizan , Syed A. Aziz  
Published: June 2020

Background: The foremost factor involved in Neurodegeneration is the impact of epigenetic modifications; through its nature to epigenetically mark the neuron-associated genes, also, by affecting cognitive functions and damaging neurons that promote mutations. Due to these changes in the genes; neurodegenerative diseases are developed. This review will assess epigenetic modifications that switch “on” & “off” the genes associated with neurons that lead towards neurodegeneration in humans.
Methodology: This systematic review is based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to conduct a search strategy and for the preparation of the manuscript. A search engine (PubMed) was used and the article reference list was searched for relevant primary research articles. 100 out of 22278 studies dated from January/2000 to February/2019 met the inclusion criteria. Two quality assessments were piloted and included: (1) Authors evaluation and (2) Risk of bias.
Results: Quality of interventions provided was rated “good”, Risk of bias in studies was rated “fair” and the team of authors approved included papers. Furthermore, 13 out of 100 studies critical appraisal analysis demonstrated the relationship between epigenetic alterations and neurodegeneration and the rest of the studies described neuro-epigenetics, epigenetic remodeling and epigenetic mechanisms.
Conclusion: Exogenous influence like aviation stress or co-factors, such as nutrition and physical stress plays a major role in silencing the “gene switching” proteins of epigenetic marks and influences the onset and progression of neurodegeneration. Furthermore, intervention in epigenetics might help promote brain health.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES OF ACADEMIC ADVISING AT MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY
Authors: Chibsa Banje Asefa , Ayana Tesfaye Sura , Hussein Ahmed Mahmud 
Published: June 2020

Academic advising is of paramount importance to students in higher learning institutions on setting their personal life, academic and career goals, that academic advisors shall fulfil. Based the Senate Legislation of Madda Walabu University, instructors are often assigned to shoulder the responsibility of academic advising, but it is rarely seen when they provide the service. This enquiry tries to assess the Practices and Challenges of Academic Advising services provided at Madda Walabu University. To this end, the study used both qualitative and quantitative approach of Descriptive survey type in nature. Interview and Questionnaire were the data collection instruments used to gather the primary data from the participants of this study. Accordingly, 107(25%) systematically selected 3rd year University students of 2016 academic year filled the 21 closed- ended item questionnaire, and eleven(11) randomly selected instructors (Directors, Teachers, and Department heads ) from Eleven departments of the four randomly selected colleges were interviewed to get the necessary data for this study. The result obtained from the students’ questionnaire and the interview result of the study show that academic advising is such a marginalized academic practice that received little or no attention at Madda Walabu University. It was revealed that advisees neither make regular contact with their advisors nor are the advisors themselves willing to devote their time and academic potentials for the betterment of their learners’ advice. Most of the lecturers do not have the essentials skills in academic advising nor do they know how to help students exploit the available resources to achieve academic results. A wide–gap between advisors and advisees, poor motivation on part of the advisees seeking advising services, advisees’ lack of self–confidence and inability to approach positively to their advisers, the unwillingness of advisers to offer advice services, lack of sufficient know-how and insufficient incentives given for advisors were the commonest challenges identified. Recommendations have also been forwarded to the concerned bodies for the betterment of the service provided in the University.
STUDY OF URINARY SYSTEM CALCULI IN SUDANESE USING COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 2018-2019
Authors: Ahmed Maha Esmeal , Ahmed Aldosh Mwahib Sid 
Published: June 2020

Objective: The aim of study was to study the chemical composition of renal stone in Sudanese population using computed tomography scan.
Method: This is analytic study conducted in Khartoum state hospitals in the period from November 2018 to October 2019.The problem of the study was no similar study done in Sudanese populations. The study was done in 100 patients. The data was collected from computed tomography scan to the kidneys, ureters and urinary bladder. Classified and analyzed by statistical package for the social sciences application (SPSS).
Results: The study found that most chemical composition of renal stone among Sudanese population was uric acid (0%), Cystine (26%) then Struvite (14%) and calcium (60%). The most effective age group with renal stone was (61-70) years old (36.7%) and same age group have a Struvite stone (28.3%). Furthermore, the most common age group with a cyctine renal stone were the cystine affect in the age between 50 years to 60 years old.
The uric acid, Cystine, and calcium stone composition may be reliably predicted in vivo on the basis of dual-energy Computed tomography findings. In the future, a single dual-energy computed tomography examination may contribute to not only the identification but also the chemical characterization of stones in the urinary tract and it may add to the information available from non-enhanced conventional CT performed for evaluation of nephrolithiasis.
Analisa Risiko Keselamatan Dan Kesehatan Kerja Menggunakan Metode HAZOPs Di Area Gas Cleaning System Di PT. RK
Authors: Anthony Muhamad Bob 
Published: June 2020

PT. RK is one of the major international steel producing companies. This study aims to determine the potential hazards and the value of the level of risk that is likely to occur in the new plant owned by PT. RK i.e. the gas cleaning system area which is currently in the process of entering 95% progress. This study uses the Hazard & Operability Study (HAZOPs) method in analyzing risks in the gas cleaning system area of PT. RK. The Hazard & Operability Study (HAZOPs) method was used in this study because this method is very suitable for a new plant to be used. Based on the identification of potential hazards and risk analysis that has been done in the area of gas cleaning system using the HAZOPs method, it was found that 11 deviations that might occur from all existing nodes, i.e. for extreme risk levels of 1 (one) deviation or 9%, level high risk of 2 (two) deviations or 18%, moderate risk level of 6 (six) deviations or 55% and low risk level of 2 (two) deviations or 18%.Â PT. RK merupakan salah satu perusahaan manufaktur besar penghasil baja berskala internasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi bahaya dan nilai level risiko yang kemungkinan terjadi di plant baru milik PT. RK yaitu area gas cleaning system yang saat ini proses pekerjaannya sudah memasuki progress 95%. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Hazard & Operability Study (HAZOPs) dalam menganalisa risiko di area gas cleaning system Â PT. RK. Â Metode Hazard & Operability Study (HAZOPs) digunakan dalam penelitian ini dikarenakan metode ini sangat cocok untuk sebuah plant baru yang akan digunakan. Berdasarkan identifikasi potensi bahaya dan analisa risiko yang telah dilakukan di area gas cleaning system dengan menggunakan metode HAZOPs, didapatkan bahwa 11 penyimpangan yang kemungkinan terjadi dari semua node yang ada yaitu untuk level risiko extreme sebanyak 1 (satu) penyimpangan atau sebesar 9%, level risiko high risk sebanyak 2 (dua) penyimpangan atau sebesar 18%, level risiko moderate sebanyak 6 (enam) penyimpangan atau sebesar 55% dan level risiko low risk sebanyak 2 (dua) penyimpangan atau sebesar 18%.Â
Pengukuruan Produktivitas Dengan Menggunakan Metode Objective Matrix di PT.ABC
Authors: Anthony Muhamad Bob 
Published: June 2020

PT. ABC is a chemical company that produces emulsions. Evaluation of performance development in the production department requires a measurement of productivity with the aim of knowing the level of productivity in the production section that has been achieved based on the criteria that are indicators of productivity in the form of ratios, identifying the causes of the decline in productivity and making improvement plans in an effort to continuously increase productivity. The method used in measuring productivity in this study is the Objective Matrix method so the steps in this study refer to the need for matrix formation. Based on the measurement of the productivity value in the production section before making improvements with the Objective Matrix method for the 6 months period July 2017 to December 2017 the lowest productivity value was obtained in December 2017. The factor that caused this lowest productivity value was the very long reactor washing for 24 hours. Washing the reactor is very long because the washing method is still done manually. The productivity value increased after there was an improvement by shortening the reactor cleaning time by using the 300 bar pressurized water jet cleaner method, namely in January 2019 to 738 or 560.76% compared to the previous period and an increase of 146.0% compared to the standard productivity value.Â PT.ABC merupakan salah satu perusahaan kimia yang memproduksi emulsi. Evaluasi perkembangan kinerja di bagian produksi memerlukan suatu pengukuran produktivitas dengan tujuan mengetahui tingkat produktivitas di bagian produksi yang telah dicapai berdasarkan kriteria-kriteria yang menjadi indikator produktivitas dalam bentuk rasio, mengidentifikasi penyebab terjadinya penurunan produktivitas dan melakukan perencanaan perbaikan sebagai upaya peningkatan produktivitas secara berkesinambungan. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengukuran produktivitas dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Objective Matrix sehingga langkah-langkah pada penelitian ini mengacu pada kebutuhan pembentukan matrik. Berdasarkan pengukuran nilai produktivitas di bagian produksi sebelum dilakukan perbaikan dengan metode Objective Matrix selama 6 bulan periode Juli 2017 sampai Desember 2017 diperoleh nilai produktivitas terendah di bulan Desember 2017. Faktor yang menyebabkan nilai produktivitas terendah ini adalah pencucian reaktor yang sangat lama yaitu selama 24 jam. Pencucian reaktor ini sangat lama dikarenakan metode pencucianÂ masih dilakukan secara manual. Nilai produktivitas mengalami peningkatan setelah ada perbaikan dengan mempersingkat waktu pencucian reaktor dengan menggunakan metode water jet cleaner bertekanan 300 bar yaitu pada Januari 2019 menjadi 738 atau 560.76% dibandingkan periode sebelumnya dan mengalami peningkatan 146.0% dibandingkan nilai produktivitas standar.Â Â Â
Pengembangan Kursi Kerja Ergonomis di UKM Tenun Ikat Medali Mas
Authors: Nevita Ary Permatadeny 
Published: June 2020

The role of humans as a source of labor in SME weaving is still very dominant in the production process, especially when the production process of converting yarn into fabric with non-machine looms. Sitting position during the process of weaving activities that lasts a long time with 8 hours per day, causes the sitting position to be less comfortable and cause complaints of pain in the back or spine. The purpose of this study is to produce an ergonomic work chair design with an anthropometric approach to improve comfort, reduce fatigue and other health effects caused by sitting positions that are less comfortable than the previous work chair, by focusing the work chair design on human body size. The results of this study are the development of weaving work chairs can be achieved by the addition of the backrest and cushion on the seat cushion of the chair as well as the addition of high-low chair settings according to anthropometry of workers compared to pre-existing weaving work chairs. Anthropometric measurements using the 5th and 95th percentiles obtained the dimensions of the work chair dimensions: 1) The height of the chair from the floor 95 cm, 2) The height of the seat cushion from the floor 52 cm, 3) The width of the seat base 39 cm, 4) The width of the backrest 35 cm, 5) Back length 31 cm, 6) Back height 49 cm.Â Peranan manusia sebagai sumber tenaga kerja pada UKM tenun ikat masih sangat dominan dalam proses produksinya terutama saat kegiatan proses produksi pengubah benang menjadi kain dengan alat tenun bukan mesin (ATBM). Posisi duduk pada saat proses pelaksaan kegiatan menenun yang secara terus menerus dengan waktu 8 jam per hari, menyebabkan posisi duduk menjadi kurang nyaman dan mengakibatkanÂ Â keluhan sakit terhadap punggung ataupun tulang belakang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan rancangan kursi kerja yang ergonomi dengan pendekatan antropometri untuk meningkatkan kenyamanan, mengurangi kelelahan dan dampak-dampak negatif yang disebabkan akibat posisi duduk yang kurang nyaman dari kursi kerja sebelumnya, dengan memfokuskan rancangan kursi kerja pada ukuran tubuh manusia. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pengembangan kursi kerja tenun Â dapat dicapai dengan penambahan sandaran serta bantalan pada alas tempat duduk pada kursi serta penambahan pada pengaturan tinggi rendah kursi sesuai dengan anthropometri pekerja dibandingkan dengan kursi kerja tenun yang sudah ada sebelumnya. Pengukuran secara anthropometri menggunakan persentil ke-5 dan ke-95 maka diperoleh rancangan dimensi kursi kerja: 1) Tinggi kursi dari lantai 95 cm, 2) Tinggi alas duduk dari lantai 52 cm, 3) Lebar alas kursi 39 cm, 4) Lebar sandaran 35 cm, 5) Panjang sandaran 31 cm, 6) Tinggi sandaran 49 cm.Â
OLOS: OPTIMALISASI LOT SIZING PADA SISTEM MRP UNTUK MEMINIMUMKAN BIAYA PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU DI CV. ICHA COLLECTION.
Authors: Wandiro Eko , Luthfianto Saufik 
Published: June 2020

CV. Icha Collection Pemalang is an industry engaged in the manufacture of bags and wallets. For the manufacture of bags in particular is the LC Type Women's Bags. The problem in this study that arises is the supply of raw materials. Raw material inventory is where there is a delay in the delivery of raw materials in the case of an expedition. This study aims to plan the supply of raw materials at an efficient cost so that raw material needs do not experience obstacles. This research will discuss the planning of LC Bag Type OL with raw material (optimization of lot sizing) on the MRP system. The analysis technique used is plotting past request data, forecasting the future, and MRP. The results of this study are the application of the Lot Sizing method, Part Balancing Period for each raw material for Women Bags Type LC in CV. Icha Collection Pemalang can minimize the total cost of inventory. The Part Balancing Period method has the lowest total inventory cost for each raw material and optimizes 91.33% of raw material inventory.Â CV. Icha Collection Pemalang merupakan indusri yang bergerak di bidang pembuatan tas dan dompet, khususnya Tas Wanita Type LC. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah persediaan bahan baku, dimana terjadi keterlambatan pengiriman bahan baku dalam hal ekspedisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merencanakan persediaan bahan baku dengan biaya yang efisien sehingga kebutuhan bahan baku tidak mengalami kendala. Penelitian ini akan membahas perencanaan bahan baku Tas Wanita Type LC dengan OLOS (optimalisasi lot sizing) pada sistem MRP. Teknik analisis yang dilakukan yaitu mengeplot data pemintaan masa lalu, peramalan, dan MRP. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah penerapan metode Lot Sizing, Part Periode Balancing untuk setiap bahan baku Tas Wanita Type LC di CV. Icha Collection Pemalang dapat meminimalkan biaya total persediaan. Metode Part Periode Balancing mempunyai total biaya persediaan paling rendah untuk setiap bahan bakunya dan mengoptimalkan 91,33% persediaan bahan baku.Â Â Â
Analisis Coal Plugging Atau Penyumbatan Batu Bara Pada Mesin Coal Feeder Unit 1-4 Dengan Metode FTA (Fault Tree Analysis) Di PT. ABZ
Authors: Anthony Muhamad Bob 
Published: June 2020

PT. ABZ is one of the big companies that runs its main business in the field of power generation in Indonesia. The company is experiencing problems in one of its equipment, namely coal feeder units 1-4 which often occurs coal plugging or coal blockage. Coal feeder is one of the main equipment that serves to regulate the amount of coal entering the pulverizer. This study aims to determine the root cause of problems from coal plugging or coal obstruction in coal feeder equipment at PT. ABZ using the FTA (Fault Tree Analysis) Method and provides a proposed improvement with the 5W + 1 H Method (what, why, who, when, where and how). Based on the analysis using FTA, it was found that the cause of coal plugging or blockage that occurs in coal feeder machines is due to contamination of the coal used, low calorific value of coal, the machine operates continuously, the machine is old, lack of control from the workers and coal wet when you want to use. Proposed improvements have been made and one of them is by separating wet coal from dry coal automatically using a coal online analyzer.Â PT. ABZ merupakan salah satu perusahaan besar yang menjalankan bisnis utamanya dibidang pembangkit tenaga listrik di Indonesia. Perusahaan ini mengalami permasalahan di salah satu peralatannya yaitu coal feeder unit 1-4 yang sering terjadi coal plugging atau penyumbatan batubara. Coal feeder merupakan salah satu peralatan utama yang berfungsi untuk mengatur jumlah batubara yang masuk ke pulverizer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui akar penyebab masalah dari gangguan coal plugging atau peyumbatan batubara Â di peralatan coal feeder di PT. ABZ dengan menggunakan Metode FTA (Fault Tree Analysis) dan memberikan usulan perbaikan dengan Metode 5W + 1 H (what, why, who, when, where dan how). Berdasarkan analisa menggunakan FTA, didapatkan bahwa penyebab coal plugging atau penyumbatan yang terjadi pada mesin coal feeder adalah dikarenakan adanya kontaminasi pada batubara yang digunakan, nilai kalori batubara yang rendah, mesin beroperasi secara terus menerus, mesin sudah tua, kurangnya kontrol dari pihak pekerja dan batubara basah saat akan digunakan. Usulan perbaikan telah dibuat dan salah satunya adalah dengan cara memisahkan batubara basah dengan batubara yang kering secara otomatis menggunakan alat coal online analyzer.Â Â
Penerapan Single Exponential Smoothing (SES) dalam Perhitungan Jumlah Permintaan Air Mineral Pada PT. Akasha Wira International
Authors: Indrasari Lolyka Dewi 
Published: June 2020

Daily needs that are priceless but useful for health one of which is mineral water. The need for mineral water increases with the high demand in the market. The purpose of this study was to determine the forecasting of the number of requests for 330 ml shortneck mineral water products in the future using the Single Exponential Smoothing (SES) method. Limitation of the problem is discussing the number of requests in the first half of 2020, the data used were obtained from PT. Akasha Wira International from January 2014 to December 2019. The analytical method is to calculate the forecast error value of the different ð›¼ values to find one value that produces the smallest error with the calculation method Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) and Single Exponential Smoothing (SES) can interpreted based on the calculation stage where the forecast data value in the period ð‘¡ + 1 is the actual value in the period t plus the adjustment derived from forecasting error that occurred in the period t. The results obtained on the value of Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) are taken at a = 0.9 because it produces the smallest value of the projected data projection error of 1860 units. Whereas in forecasting requests using Single Exponential Smoothing (SES), 330 ml shortneck mineral water in the first half of 2020 amounted to 2177634 units.Â Kebutuhan sehari â€“ hari yang tidak ternilai harganya tapi berguna bagi kesehatan salah satunya adalah air mineral. Kebutuhan air mineral meningkat seiring dengan tingginya permintaan pada pasar. Tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu untuk mengetahui peramalan jumlah permintaan pada produk air mineral 330 ml shortneck dimasa mendatang menggunakan metode Single Exponential Smoothing (SES). Batasan masalah yaitu membahas jumlah permintaan dimasa mendatang semester I 2020, data yang digunakan diperoleh dari PT. Akasha Wira International pada Januari 2014 sampai dengan Desember 2019. Metode analisis yaitu Menghitung nilai kesalahan peramalan terhadap nilai ð›¼ yang berbeda beda untuk menemukan satu nilai ð›¼ yang menghasilkan kesalahan terkecil dengan metode perhitungan Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) dan Single Exponential Smoothing (SES) dapat diartikan berdasarkan tahapan perhitungannya dimana nilai data ramalan pada periode ð‘¡ + 1 merupakan nilai actual pada periode t ditambah dengan penyesuaian yang berasal dari kesalahan nilai peramalan yang terjadi pada periode t. Didapatkan hasil pada nilai Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) diambil pada a = 0,9 karena menghasilkan nilai kesalahan proyeksi data pemrintaan paling kecil yaitu 1860 unit. Sedangkan pada peramalan permintaan menggunakan Single Exponential Smoothing (SES), air mineral 330 ml shortneck pada semester I tahun 2020 sebesar 2177634 unit.Â Â Â
Analisis Postur Pekerja Pengelasan Di CV. XYZ dengan Metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA)
Authors: Anthony Muhamad Bob 
Published: June 2020

CV. XYZ is one of the welding workshops that serves the manufacture of iron products with 4 (four) welding workers. Welding work carries risks for experiencing Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) for the welding worker. This can be caused by work posture factors that often bend and squat when doing welding. Based on the calculation results, REBA score results obtained with action level 3 (three) which states that the welding work in the CV. XYZ is at a high level of risk so immediate corrective action is needed by CV. XYZ Proposed improvement of the worker's posture when welding work is a redesign of the work station or the addition of work aids based on ergonomic principles such as the procurement of a work table for the welding work process so as to reduce the risk of workers' posture to a low risk level.Â CV. XYZ Â merupakan salah satu bengkel pengelasan yang melayani pembuatan produk besi dengan 4 (empat) orang pekerja pengelasan. Pekerjaan pengelasan memiliki risiko untuk mengalami Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) bagi pekerja pengelasan tersebut. Hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh faktor postur kerja yang sering membungkuk dan jongkok saat melakukan pengelasan. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, didapatkan hasil skor REBA dengan action level 3 (tiga) yang menyatakan bahwa pekerjaan pengelasan di CV. XYZ berada pada level risiko tinggi sehingga diperlukan tindakan perbaikan secepatnya oleh CV. XYZ. Usulan perbaikan postur tubuh pekerja saat pekerjaan pengelasan adalah perancangan ulang stasiun kerja atau penambahan alat bantu kerja berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip ergonomi seperti pengadaan meja kerja untuk proses pekerjaan pengelasan sehingga dapat mengurangi risiko postur tubuh pekerja menjadi level risiko rendah.Â Â