bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Double-Edged Sword of Reflective Pondering: The Role of State and Trait Reflective Pondering in Predicting Depressive Symptoms Among Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Ashley Wei-Ting , Chang Cheng-Shyong , Hsu Wen-Yau 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background and Purpose
Prior research has debated whether reflective pondering is a more constructive form of rumination than brooding, which is generally considered maladaptive. This study sought to investigate whether reflective pondering predicts depressive symptoms and whether reflective pondering is adaptive under certain conditions. We predicted that the effectiveness of reflective pondering could depend on concurrent coping strategies and the trait–state distinction.

Method
Women with breast cancer (N = 309; M age = 47.5) were assessed at four waves over 2 years. A time-lagged design was applied, with rumination (i.e., brooding and reflective pondering) and coping (i.e., engagement and disengagement) measured from T1 to T3, predicting depressive symptoms assessed from T2 to T4. These variables were measured by the Ruminative Response Scale, the Brief COPE, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

Results
Using hierarchical linear modeling, brooding, but not reflective pondering, predicted elevated depressive symptoms at both between- and within-person levels. The relationship between reflective pondering and depression was moderated by the coping strategies. Individual differences in reflective pondering predicted worse depressive symptoms, but higher use of engagement coping mitigated the detrimental effect. Within individuals, the co-occurrence of reflective pondering and disengagement coping predicted a subsequent decrease in depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
The emerging role of reflective pondering in the face of breast cancer-related stress appears to be a double-edged sword. Its impact on depression may depend on concurrent coping strategies and whether reflective pondering is assessed at state and trait levels.
Prophylactic unfractionated heparin and hemorrhage in neurocritically ill underweight patients: A case series and review of the literature
Authors: McConachie Sean M , Morin Amy , Mouabbi Karim , Soubani Ayman O , Wahby Krista 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Purpose
Three cases of major bleeding associated with thromboprophylactic unfractionated heparin (UFH) therapy in underweight neurocritically ill patients are reported.

Summary
Three underweight patients (body mass index of &lt;18.5 kg/m2) were treated in the intensive care unit with major bleeds associated with UFH thromboprophylaxis. Two of the patients, a 76-year-old female and a 56-year-old female, had hemorrhages on presentation; the third patient, a 29-year-old male, developed bleeding during his admission. All 3 patients had past medical histories consisting of acute neurologic conditions within 6 weeks of presentation, including subdural hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and obstructive hydrocephalus secondary to a brain mass. All hemorrhages developed following the receipt of prophylactic UFH at doses of 5,000 units every 8 to 12 hours, which translated to high weight-based dosages (&gt;300 units/kg/d). Additionally, hemorrhages were associated with prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, which declined following heparin discontinuation. The major bleeds following UFH administration included an acute on chronic subdural hematoma, acute rectus sheath hematoma, and cerebellar hematoma. Stabilization of the subdural hematoma was achieved without the use of protamine and the patient was discharged in stable condition. The other 2 patients expired secondary to their hemorrhagic events. Naranjo nomogram scores for the patients indicated that heparin was the probable cause of bleed in 2 cases and a possible cause in 1 case.

Conclusion
Three major hemorrhages developed following the administration of UFH. Underweight patients with neurologic injury may require increased clinical vigilance, reduced doses, and pharmacodynamic monitoring to improve safety outcomes associated with thromboprophylaxis.
Transcriptional landscape of cholangiocarcinoma revealed by weighted gene coexpression network analysis
Authors: Long Junyu , Huang Shan , Bai Yi , Mao Jinzhu , Wang Anqiang , Lin Yu , Yang Xu , Wang Dongxu , Lin Jianzhen , Bian Jin , Yang Xiaobo , Sang Xinting , Wang Xi , Zhao Haitao 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a type of cancer with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. Although some important genes and pathways associated with CCA have been identified, the relationship between coexpression and phenotype in CCA at the systems level remains unclear. In this study, the relationships underlying the molecular and clinical characteristics of CCA were investigated by employing weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). The gene expression profiles and clinical features of 36 patients with CCA were analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, the coexpression of DEGs was determined by using the WGCNA method to investigate the correlations between pairs of genes. Network modules that were significantly correlated with clinical traits were identified. In total, 1478 mRNAs were found to be aberrantly expressed in CCA. Seven coexpression modules that significantly correlated with clinical characteristics were identified and assigned representative colors. Among the 7 modules, the green and blue modules were significantly related to tumor differentiation. Seventy-eight hub genes that were correlated with tumor differentiation were found in the green and blue modules. Survival analysis showed that 17 hub genes were prognostic biomarkers for CCA patients. In addition, we found five new targets (ISM1, SULT1B1, KIFC1, AURKB and CCNB1) that have not been studied in the context of CCA and verified their differential expression in CCA through experiments. Our results not only promote our understanding of the relationship between the transcriptome and clinical data in CCA but will also guide the development of targeted molecular therapy for CCA.
The Ecology of Disturbance Interactions
Authors: Burton Philip J , Jentsch Anke , Walker Lawrence R 
Published: August 2020

AbstractGlobal change has been accompanied by recent increases in the frequency and intensity of various ecological disturbances (e.g., fires, floods, cyclones), both natural and anthropogenic in origin. Because these disturbances often interact, their cumulative and synergistic effects can result in unforeseen consequences, such as insect outbreaks, crop failure, and progressive ecosystem degradation. We consider the roles of biological legacies, thresholds, and lag effects responsible for the distinctive impacts of interacting disturbances. We propose a hierarchical classification that distinguishes the patterns and implications associated with random co-occurrences, individual links, and multiple links among disturbances that cascade in chains or networks. Disturbance-promoting interactions apparently prevail over disturbance-inhibiting ones. Complex and exogenous disturbance cascades are less predictable than simple and endogenous links because of their dependency on adjacent or synchronous events. These distinctions help define regional disturbance regimes and can have implications for natural selection, risk assessment, and options for management intervention.
Temporal, Spatial, and Epidemiologic Relationships of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Gene Cycle Thresholds: A Pragmatic Ambi-directional Observation
Authors: Lesho Emil , Reno Lisa , Newhart Donna , Clifford Robert , Vasylyeva Olga , Hanna John , Yu Stephanie , Bress Jonathan , Walsh Edward 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Prospective serial sampling of 70 patients revealed clinically relevant cycle thresholds (Ct) occurring 9, 26, and 36 days after symptom onset. Race, gender, and corticosteroids apparently did not influence RNA positivity. In a retrospective analysis of 180 patients, initial Ct did not correlate with requirements for admission or intensive care.
Temperature alters the physiological response of spiny lobsters under predation risk
Authors: Briceño Felipe A , Fitzgibbon Quinn P , Polymeropoulos Elias T , Hinojosa Iván A , Pecl Gretta T 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Predation risk can strongly shape prey ecological traits, with specific anti-predator responses displayed to reduce encounters with predators. Key environmental drivers, such as temperature, can profoundly modulate prey energetic costs in ectotherms, although we currently lack knowledge of how both temperature and predation risk can challenge prey physiology and ecology. Such uncertainties in predator–prey interactions are particularly relevant for marine regions experiencing rapid environmental changes due to climate change. Using the octopus (Octopus maorum)–spiny lobster (Jasus edwardsii) interaction as a predator–prey model, we examined different metabolic traits of sub adult spiny lobsters under predation risk in combination with two thermal scenarios: ‘current’ (20°C) and ‘warming’ (23°C), based on projections of sea-surface temperature under climate change. We examined lobster standard metabolic rates to define the energetic requirements at specific temperatures. Routine metabolic rates (RMRs) within a respirometer were used as a proxy of lobster activity during night and day time, and active metabolic rates, aerobic scope and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption were used to assess the energetic costs associated with escape responses (i.e. tail-flipping) in both thermal scenarios. Lobster standard metabolic rate increased at 23°C, suggesting an elevated energetic requirement (39%) compared to 20°C. Unthreatened lobsters displayed a strong circadian pattern in RMR with higher rates during the night compared with the day, which were strongly magnified at 23°C. Once exposed to predation risk, lobsters at 20°C quickly reduced their RMR by ~29%, suggesting an immobility or ‘freezing’ response to avoid predators. Conversely, lobsters acclimated to 23°C did not display such an anti-predator response. These findings suggest that warmer temperatures may induce a change to the typical immobility predation risk response of lobsters. It is hypothesized that heightened energetic maintenance requirements at higher temperatures may act to override the normal predator-risk responses under climate-change scenarios.
Impairment indicators for predicting delayed mortality in black sea bass (Centropristis striata) discards within the commercial trap fishery
Authors: Schweitzer Cara C , Horodysky Andrij Z , Price André L , Stevens Bradley G 
Published: August 2020

Abstract
Harvest restrictions (e.g. size, sex or species limitations) that are implemented to maintain sustainable fisheries often result in by-catch, e.g. unwanted non-target catch. By-catch is frequently discarded back into the ocean and assumed to survive. However, discarded fishes can succumb to delayed mortality resulting from accumulated stress from fishing activity, and such mortality can impede sustainability efforts. Quantifying reflex and behavioural impairments is a quick and cost-effective method to predict discard-related mortality in some species. We developed and evaluated the effectiveness of a release condition index, based on a reflex-action mortality prediction (RAMP) model, for predicting delayed mortality of black sea bass (Centropristis striata) caught and discarded by the commercial trap fishery in the Mid-Atlantic Bight. Accumulation of impairments, and therefore release condition index, was strongly correlated with delayed mortality of black sea bass discarded and held in sea cages. This is the first release condition index validation study to predict mortality in black sea bass and could be a useful approach for predicting delayed mortality in the commercial fishery.
Bidirectional cyclical flows increase energetic costs of station holding for a labriform swimming fish, Cymatogaster aggregata
Authors: Luongo Sarah M , Ruth Andreas , Gervais Connor R , Korsmeyer Keith E , Johansen Jacob L , Domenici Paolo , Steffensen John F 
Published: August 2020

AbstractWave-induced surge conditions are found in shallow marine ecosystems worldwide; yet, few studies have quantified how cyclical surges may affect free swimming animals. Here, we used a recently adapted respirometry technique to compare the energetic costs of a temperate fish species (Cymatogaster aggregata) swimming against a steady flow versus cyclical unidirectional and bidirectional surges in which unsteady swimming (such as accelerating, decelerating and turning) occurs. Using oxygen uptake (ṀO2) as an estimate of energetic costs, our results reveal that fish swimming in an unsteady (i.e. cyclical) unidirectional flow showed no clear increase in costs when compared to a steady flow of the same average speed, suggesting that costs and savings from cyclical acceleration and coasting are near equal. Conversely, swimming in a bidirectional cyclical flow incurred significantly higher energetic costs relative to a steady, constant flow, likely due to the added cost of turning around to face the changing flow direction. On average, we observed a 50% increase in ṀO2 of fish station holding within the bidirectional flow (227.8 mg O2 kg−1 h−1) compared to a steady, constant flow (136.1 mg O2 kg−1 h−1) of the same mean velocity. Given wave-driven surge zones are prime fish habitats in the wild, we suggest the additional costs fish incur by station holding in a bidirectional cyclical flow must be offset by favourable conditions for foraging and reproduction. With current and future increases in abiotic stressors associated with climate change, we highlight the importance of incorporating additional costs associated with swimming in cyclical water flow in the construction of energy budgets for species living in dynamic, coastal habitats.
Disease Activity Patterns of Crohn’s Disease in the First Ten Years After Diagnosis in the Population-based IBD South Limburg Cohort
Authors: Wintjens Dion , Bergey Francois , Saccenti Edoardo , Jeuring Steven , van den Heuvel Tim , Romberg-Camps Mariëlle , Oostenbrug Liekele , Masclee Ad , Martins dos Santos Vitor , Jonkers Daisy , Pierik Marie 
Published: August 2020

Abstract

Background and Aims
Real-life data on long-term disease activity in Crohn’s disease [CD] are scarce. Most studies describe disease course by using proxies, such as drug exposure, need for surgery or hospitalisations, and disease progression. We aimed to describe disease course by long-term disease activity and to identify distinctive disease activity patterns in the population-based IBD South Limburg cohort [IBDSL].

Methods
All CD patients in IBDSL with ≥10 years follow-up [n = 432] were included. Disease activity was defined for each yearly quarter by mucosal inflammation on endoscopy or imaging, hospitalisation, surgery, or treatment adjustment for increased symptoms. Six distinct disease activity clusters were defined. Subsequently, the associations between clinical characteristics and the patterns were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models.

Results
On average, patients experienced 5.44 (standard deviation [SD] 3.96) quarters of disease activity during the first 10 years after diagnosis. Notably, 28.2% of the patients were classified to a quiescent pattern [≤2 active quarters in 10 years], and 89.8% of those never received immunomodulators nor biologics. Surgery at diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] 2.99; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07–8.34) and higher age [OR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01–1.06] were positively associated with the quiescent pattern, whereas inverse associations were observed for ileocolonic location [OR 0.44; 95% CI 0.19–1.00], smoking [OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.24–0.76] and need for steroids &lt;6 months [OR 0.24; 95% CI 0.11–0.52].

Conclusions
Considering long-term disease activity, 28.2% of CD patients were classified to a quiescent cluster. Given the complex risk-benefit balance of immunosuppressive drugs, our findings underline the importance of identifying better predictive markers to prevent both over-treatment and under-treatment.
2020 EACTS/ELSO/STS/AATS expert consensus on post-cardiotomy extracorporeal life support in adult patients
Authors: Lorusso Roberto , Whitman Glenn , Milojevic Milan , Raffa Giuseppe , McMullan David M , Boeken Udo , Haft Jonathan , Bermudez Christian A , Shah Ashish S , D’Alessandro David A 
Published: August 2020

AbstractPost-cardiotomy extracorporeal life support (PC-ECLS) in adult patients has been used only rarely but recent data have shown a remarkable increase in its use, almost certainly due to improved technology, ease of management, growing familiarity with its capability and decreased costs. Trends in worldwide in-hospital survival, however, rather than improving, have shown a decline in some experiences, likely due to increased use in more complex, critically ill patients rather than to suboptimal management. Nevertheless, PC-ECLS is proving to be a valuable resource for temporary cardiocirculatory and respiratory support in patients who would otherwise most likely die. Because a comprehensive review of PC-ECLS might be of use for the practitioner, and possibly improve patient management in this setting, the authors have attempted to create a concise, comprehensive and relevant analysis of all aspects related to PC-ECLS, with a particular emphasis on indications, technique, management and avoidance of complications, appraisal of new approaches and ethics, education and training.
Acinetobacter baumannii in manure and anaerobic digestates of German biogas plants
Authors: Pulami Dipen , Schauss Thorsten , Eisenberg Tobias , Wilharm Gottfried , Blom Jochen , Goesmann Alexander , Kämpfer Peter , Glaeser Stefanie P 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTStudies considering environmental multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter spp. are scarce. The application of manure on agricultural fields is one source of multidrug-resistant bacteria from livestock into the environment. Here, Acinetobacter spp. were quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in manure applied to biogas plants and in the output of the anaerobic digestion, and Acinetobacter spp. isolated from those samples were comprehensively characterized. The concentration of Acinetobacter 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene copies per g fresh weight was in range of 106–108 in manure and decreased (partially significantly) to a still high concentration (105–106) in digestates. 16S rRNA, gyrB-rpoB and blaOXA51-like gene sequencing identified 17 different Acinetobacter spp., including six A. baumannii strains. Multilocus sequence typing showed no close relation of the six strains with globally relevant clonal complexes; however, they represented five novel sequence types. Comparative genomics and physiological tests gave an explanation how Acinetobacter could survive the anaerobic biogas process and indicated copper resistance and the presence of intrinsic beta-lactamases, efflux-pump and virulence genes. However, the A. baumannii strains lacked acquired resistance against carbapenems, colistin and quinolones. This study provided a detailed characterization of Acinetobacter spp. including A. baumannii released via manure through mesophilic or thermophilic biogas plants into the environment.
miCROPe 2019 – emerging research priorities towards microbe-assisted crop production
Authors: Hohmann Pierre , Schlaeppi Klaus , Sessitsch Angela 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACTThe miCROPe 2019 symposium, which took place from 2 to 5 December 2019 in Vienna, Austria, has unified researchers and industry from around the world to discuss opportunities, challenges and needs of microbe-assisted crop production. There is broad consensus that microorganisms—with their abilities to alleviate biotic and abiotic stresses and to improve plant nutrition—offer countless opportunities to enhance plant productivity and to ameliorate agricultural sustainability. However, microbe-assisted cultivation approaches face challenges that need to be addressed before a breakthrough of such technologies can be expected. Following up on the miCROPe symposium and a linked satellite workshop on breeding for beneficial plant–microbe interactions, we carved out research priorities towards successful implementation of microbiome knowledge for modern agriculture. These include (i) to solve context dependency for microbial inoculation approaches and (ii) to identify the genetic determinants to allow breeding for beneficial plant–microbiome interactions. With the combination of emerging third generation sequencing technologies and new causal research approaches, we now stand at the crossroad of utilising microbe-assisted crop production as a reliable and sustainable agronomic practice.
A novel sophorolipid-producing Candida keroseneae GBME-IAUF-2 as a potential agent in microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR)
Authors: Ganji Zahra , Beheshti-Maal Keivan , Massah Ahmadreza , Emami-Karvani Zarrindokht 
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT
The biosurfactants have extensive applications in food and petroleum microbiology. The aims of this research were isolation and characterization of thermo-tolerant biosurfactants from highly producing yeast strains. The Bushnell Hass medium was used for screening the biosurfactant-producing yeasts. Biosurfactant presence was evaluated using oil displacement assay and surface tension test. The best biosurfactant-producing strain was named Candida keroseneae GBME-IAUF-2 and its 5.8s-rDNA sequence was deposited in GenBank, NCBI, under the accession number MT012957.1. The thin layer chromatography and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the extracted biosurfactant was sophorolipid with a significant surface activity. The purified sophorolipid decreased the surface tension of water from 72 to 29.1 mN/m. Its maximum emulsification index, E24%, was recorded as 60% and preserved 92.06–97.25% of its original activity at 110–120°C. It also preserved 89.11% and 84.73% of its original activity in pH of 9.3 and 10.5, respectively. It preserved 96.66–100% of its original activity in saline extreme conditions. This is the first report of sophorolipid production by the yeast C. keroseneae. According to the high thermal, pH and saline stability, the sophorolipid produced by C. keroseneae GBME-IAUF-2 could be highly recommended for applications in microbial enhanced oil recovery as well as food industries as an excellent emulsifying agent.