bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clients’ satisfaction with malaria in pregnancy preventive services in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Obagha Chijioke Emmanuel , Ajayi IkwOluwakpo , Abdullahi Gobir A. , Umeokonkwo Chukwuma David 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Introduction: Burden of Malaria in pregnancy (MIP) is still high despite availability of proven cost-effective interventions. Considerable progress has been made on improving antenatal attendance, but MIP preventive services utilization remains low. Factors responsible for this include dissatisfaction with the services provided. We assessed clients’ satisfaction with preventative services for malaria during pregnancy delivered at antenatal clinics (ANC) in Anambra State Nigeria.Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 284 pregnant women attending ANC using multistage sampling technique. Pre-tested semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on socio-demographics, knowledge of malaria in pregnancy services and satisfaction with services. Responses to questions on satisfaction was on a 5-point Likert scale. A cut off of ≥75% of composite score was used to classify respondents as satisfied. For knowledge, every correct answer was scored 1 and incorrect 0; ≥75% of the composite score was graded as good knowledge. Chi square and logistic regression were used to test for association between client satisfaction and independent variables. Results: The mean age of participants is 28 years±4.4 years. Overall, 62.2% were satisfied with quality of preventive services for malaria during pregnancy. However, 64.8% and 57.8% were dissatisfied with cost of healthcare and interpersonal relationship with the health workers (HWs). Majority of the respondents (88.73%) had poor knowledge of malaria preventive services during pregnancy. Type of facility (Adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.11; 95%CI: 1.20-3.71) and knowledge (aOR: 0.41; 95%CI: 0.18 – 0.90) were independently associated with satisfaction with interpersonal relationship. Type of facility (aOR: 0.47; 95%CI: 0.27-0.80) and employment status (aOR: 3.07; 95%CI: 1.39 -6.74) were also independently associated with satisfaction with cost of healthcare. Conclusion: A fair proportion of respondents were satisfied with the preventive services for malaria during pregnancy provided even though most were dissatisfied with the cost of assessing care and interpersonal relationship with health workers. Uninterrupted availability of long lasting insecticide treated bed nets and intermittent preventive treatment for malaria at all health facilities, subsidized cost of malaria-related commodities, and incentives for good customer satisfaction ratings may remediate the described barriers to seeking preventative care for malaria during pregnancy.
Comparison of the cytoplastic genomes by resequencing: insights into the genetic diversity and the phylogeny of the agriculturally important genus Brassica
Authors: Qiao Jiangwei , Zhang Xiaojun , Chen Biyun , Huang Fei , Xu Kun , Huang Qian , Huang Yi , Hu Qiong , Wu Xiaoming 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The genus Brassica mainly comprises three diploid and three recently derived allotetraploid species, most of which are highly important vegetable, oil or ornamental crops cultivated worldwide. Despite being extensively studied, the origination of B. napus and certain detailed interspecific relationships within Brassica genus remains undetermined and somewhere confused. In the current high-throughput sequencing era, a systemic comparative genomic study based on a large population is necessary and would be crucial to resolve these questions. Results: The chloroplast DNA and mitochondrial DNA were synchronously resequenced in a selected set of Brassica materials, which contain 72 accessions and maximally integrated the known Brassica species. The Brassica genomewide cpDNA and mtDNA variations have been identified. Detailed phylogenetic relationships inside and around Brassica genus have been delineated by the cpDNA- and mtDNA- variation derived phylogenies. Different from B. juncea and B. carinata, the natural B. napus contains three major cytoplasmic haplotypes: the cam-type which directly inherited from B. rapa, polima-type which is close to cam-type as a sister, and the mysterious but predominant nap-type. Certain sparse C-genome wild species might have primarily contributed the nap-type cytoplasm and the corresponding C subgenome to B. napus, implied by their con-clustering in both phylogenies. The strictly concurrent inheritance of mtDNA and cpDNA were dramatically disturbed in the B. napus cytoplasmic male sterile lines (e.g., mori and nsa). The genera Raphanus, Sinapis, Eruca, Moricandia show a strong parallel evolutional relationships with Brassica. Conclusions: The overall variation data and elaborated phylogenetic relationships provide further insights into genetic understanding of Brassica, which can substantially facilitate the development of novel Brassica germplasms.
Community-based rehabilitation service in Chengdu, southwest China: a cross-sectional general survey
Authors: Chen Siliang , Lei Yi , Dai Hua , Wu Jia , Yang Ziyu , Liao Xiaoyang 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background World Health Organization initiated community-based rehabilitation (CBR) in 1978, and by now, it has been an essential process of medical services worldwide. China had strengthened primary health care on building more than 35,000 community health centers (CHCs) in cities, and more than 34,000 township health centers (THCs) in the rural area. Nevertheless, it remains unclear that if these primary health centers could provide optional rehabilitation services for disabilities. And this study aims at evaluating the supply capacity of rehabilitation service in primary health centers of Chengdu, a regional center city of southwest China.Method We conducted a general investigation of primary health centers in Chengdu, a city located in southwest China with more than 15 million population. Our investigation covered all of Chengdu’s 390 primary health centers from October to November 2016. We researched these primary health centers on basic rehabilitation services, diseases, and rehabilitation equipment quantity and quality, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) physiotherapyResult Rehabilitation therapy is available in 88.9% (337 of 379) of all primary health centers. Meanwhile, CHCs slightly surpass THCs with an available rate of 92.2% (106 of 115) and 87.5% (231 of 264), respectively. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) physiotherapy is available in 97.1% (368 of 379) of all primary health centers, 97.3% (112 of 115) of CHCs and 97.0% (256 of 264) of THCs. Quantitative analysis showed that substantial factors which could make an impact on the number of patients per year contain: categories of rehabilitation disease (P<0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) [-1.571, -0.702]),number of rehabilitation bed (P<0.001, 95%CI [-1.249, -0.290])Conclusion CBR and TCM physiotherapy has become accessible for disabilities in most basic health centers of Chengdu City, whereas, available rate of CBR in THCs is lesser than in CHCs, which suggests an imbalance in primary health service development between rural and urban area. Categories of rehabilitation diseases, and the number of rehabilitation beds constitute co-factors that make an impact on the CBR capacity of basic health centers.
Effect of Resilience on Infertile Couples’ Quality of Life: An Actor–Partner Interdependence Model Approach
Authors: Ha Ju-Young , Ban Seonhwa 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Infertility is an emerging socioeconomic issue affecting an individual’s life and the nation. However, only few studies have examined the influence of resilience on the quality of life (QoL) of spouses as actors and partners. Hence, this study aimed to analyze the influence of resilience, a positive factor that infertile couples may have, on QoL using the actor–partner interdependence model (APIM).Methods Using the method of couples’ data analysis, we analyzed the effect of resilience on the QoL of infertile couples as actors and partners. This cross-sectional study included 150 infertile couples. The Fertility Quality of Life and Resilience Scale was used to measure couples’ QoL and resilience. APIM was applied to analyze QoL.Results In terms of actor effects, the resilience of both wives (β = 0.201, p < 0.001) and husbands (β = 0.713, p < 0.001) had a significant effect on individual QoL. With regard to partner effects, husbands’ resilience (β = 0.351, p < 0.001) had a significant impact on wives’ QoL and the wives’ resilience (β = 0.219, p = 0.009) had a significant impact on husbands’ QoL.Conclusions The resilience of an infertile actor was found to affect both his/her own QoL and his/her partner’s QoL. In the future, if a program is to be developed to improve couples’ QoL, both spouses should work together to improve their resilience, thereby improving their QoL.
Experiences And Needs Concerning Health Related Information For Newly Arrived Refugees In Sweden
Authors: Mårtensson Lena , Lytsy Per , Westerling Ragnar , Wångdahl Josefin 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Owing to communication challenges and a lack of knowledge about the health care system, refugees may be at risk of having limited health literacy, meaning that they will have problems in achieving, understanding, appraising and using health information or navigating in the health care system. The aim of this study was to explore experiences and needs concerning health related information for newly arrived refugees in Sweden.Methods: A qualitative design with a focus group methodology was used. The qualitative content analysis was based on seven focus group discussions, including 28 Arabic and Somali speaking refugees.Results: Four categories emerged. ‘Concrete instructions and explanations’ includes appreciation of knowledge about how to act when facing health problems. ‘Contextual knowledge’ comprises experienced needs of information about the health care system, about specific health risks and about rights in health issues. ‘A variation of sources’ describes suggestions as to where and how information should be given. ‘Enabling communication’ includes the wish for more awareness among professionals from a language and cultural point of view.Conclusion: Concrete instructions and explanations are experienced as valuable and applicable. Additional information about health issues and the health care system is needed. Information concerning health should be spread by a variety of sources. Health literate health organizations are needed to meet the health challenges of refugees, including professionals that emphasize health literacy.
A New Modeling Method Base on Candidate Window for Clinical Concept Extraction
Authors: Tang Yongtao , Yu Jie , Li Shasha , Ji Bin , Tan Yusong , Wu Qingbo 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Recently, how to structuralize electronic medical records (EMRs) has attracted considerable attention from researchers. Extracting clinical concepts from EMRs is a critical part of EMR structuralization. The performance of clinical concept extraction will directly affect the performance of the downstream tasks related to EMR structuralization. We propose a new modeling method based on candidate window classification, which is different from mainstream sequence labeling models, to improves the performance of clinical concept extraction tasks under strict standards by considering the overall semantics of the token sequence instead of the semantics of each token. We call this model as slide window model. Method In this paper, we comprehensively study the performance of the slide window model in clinical concept extraction tasks. We model the clinical concept extraction task as the task of classifying each candidate window, which was extracted by the slide window. The proposed model mainly consists of four parts. First, the pre-trained language model is used to generate the context-sensitive token representation. Second, a convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to generate all representation vector of the candidate windows in the sentence. Third, every candidate window is classified by a Softmax classifier to obtain concept type probability distribution. Finally, the knapsack algorithm is used as a post-process to maximize the sum of disjoint clinical concepts scores and filter the clinical concepts. Results Experiments show that the slide window model achieves the best micro-average F1 score(81.22%) on the corpora of the 2012 i2b2 NLP challenges and achieves 89.25% F1 score on the 2010 i2b2 NLP challenges under the strict standard. Furthermore, the performance of our approach is always better than the BiLSTM-CRF model and softmax classifier with the same pre-trained language model.Conclusions The slide window model shows a new modeling method for solving clinical concept extraction tasks. It models clinical concept extraction as a problem for classifying candidate windows and extracts clinical concepts by considering the semantics of the entire candidate window. Experiments show that this method of considering the overall semantics of the candidate window can improve the performance of clinical concept extraction tasks under strict standards.
Situations of using white lie during patient care: a qualitative study into nurses’ perspectives
Authors: nasrabadi Alireza Nikbakht , joolaee soodabeh , Navab Elham , esmaeilie Maryam , shali mahboobe 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Keep the patients well and fully informed about diagnosis, prognosis, and treatments is one of the patient’s rights in any healthcare system. Although all healthcare providers have the same viewpoint about rendering the truth in treatment process, sometimes the truth is not told to the patients and instead, healthcare staff use “white lie”. This study aimed to explore the nurses’ experience of white lies during patient care.Methods: This qualitative and descriptive study was conducted during June to December 2018. Eighteen hospital nurses were purposively recruited with maximum variation from ten teaching and public hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Purposeful sampling was used and data were collected by semi-structured interviews that were continued until data saturation. Data was classified and analyzed by content analysis approach.Results: The data analysis in this study resulted in four main categories and eleven subcategories. The main categories included hope crisis, bad news, cultural diversity, and nurses’ limited professional competence. Conclusion: Results of the present study showed that, the use of white lie by nurses during patient care may be due to a wide range of patient, nurse and organizational-related factors. Communication was the main factor that influenced information rendering. Nurses’ communication with patients should be based on mutual respect, trust and adequate cultural knowledge, and also nurses should provide precise information to patients, so they can make accurate decisions regarding their health care.
Sickness absence trajectories following labour market participation patterns: a cohort study in Catalonia (Spain), 2012-2014
Authors: Hernando-Rodriguez JC , Serra L , Benavides FG , Ubalde-Lopez M 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background Previous studies have focused on the relationship between employment pathways and health-related outcomes based on cross-sectional or longitudinal approaches. However, little is known about the cumulative effects of employment status mobility on sickness absence (SA) over time. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between prior labour market participation (LMP) patterns and SA trajectories from a life-course perspective. Methods This cohort study was based on a sample of 11,968 salaried workers affiliated with the Spanish Social Security system, who accumulated more than 15 days on SA in at least one quarter during 2012–2014. Individuals were grouped into three different working life stages: early (18–25 years), middle (26–35 years), and late (36–45 years). To identify LMP patterns, we applied sequence analysis and cluster analysis (2002–2011), and we used latent class growth modelling to identify SA trajectories (2012–2014). Finally, we applied multinomial logistic regression models to assess the relationship between LMP patterns and SA trajectories. Results The analyses yielded six LMP patterns: stable employment (63%–81%), increasing employment (5%–22%), without long-term coverage (7%–8%), decreasing employment (4%–10%), fluctuant employment (13%–14%), and steeply decreasing employment (7%–9%). We also identified four SA trajectories: low stable (value range: 83%–88%), decreasing (5%–9%), increasing (5%–11%), and high stable (7%–16%). However, the only significant association we identified for LMP patterns and SA trajectories was among young men, for whom an increasing employment pattern was significantly associated with a lower risk for increased days on SA (adjusted odds ratio: 0.21; 95% confidence interval: 0.05–0.96). Conclusions SA trajectories are generally not related to prior 10-year LMP patterns at any stage of working life. To disentangle this relationship, future research might benefit from considering working life transitions with a quality-of-work approach framed with contextual factors closer to the SA course.
Education Level as a Predictor of Survival in Patients with Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Xu Limei , Wang Xiuju , Pan Xueyi , Wang Xiaotao , Wang Qing , Wu Bingyi , Cai Jiahui , Zhao Ying , Chen Lijuan , Li Wuping , Li Juan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: Disparities in multiple myeloma (MM) prognosis based on sociodemographic factors may exist. We investigated whether education level at diagnosis influenced Chinese MM patient outcomes.Methods: We performed a multicenter retrospective analysis of data from 773 MM patients across 9 centers in China from 2006 to 2019. Sociodemographic and clinical factors at diagnosis and treatment regimens were recorded, and univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.Results: Overall, 69.2% of patients had low education levels. Patients with low education levels differed from those with high education levels in that they were more likely to be older, and a higher proportion lived in rural areas, were unemployed, had lower annual incomes and lacked insurance. Additionally, compared to patients with high education levels, patients with low education levels had a higher proportion of international staging system (ISS) stage III classification and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and underwent transplantation less often. Patients with high education levels had a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 67.50 (95% confidence interval (CI): 51.66-83.39) months, which was better than that of patients with low education levels (30.60 months, 95% CI: 27.38-33.82, p<0.001). Similarly, patients with high education levels had a median overall survival (OS) of 122.27 (95% CI: 117.05-127.49) months, which was also better than that of patients with low education levels (58.83 months, 95% CI: 48.87-62.79, p<0.001). In the multivariable analysis, patients with high education levels had lower relapse rates and higher survival rates than did those with low education level in terms of PFS and OS (hazard ratio (HR)=0.50 [95% CI: 0.34-0.72], p<0.001; HR=0.32 [0.19-0.56], p<0.001, respectively).Conclusions: Low education levels may independently predict poor survival in MM patients in China.
Development of in vitro resistance to fluoroquinolones in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Zhao Lei , Wang Shiqi , Li Xiaobing , He Xiaojing , Jian Lingyan 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Fluoroquinolone resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa typically arises through site-specific mutations and overexpression of efflux pumps. In this study, we investigated the dynamics of different resistance mechanisms in P. aeruginosa populations that have evolved under fluoroquinolone pressure, as well as the interactions between these mechanisms in evolutionary trajectories. Bacteria of strain ATCC27853 were selected under different concentrations of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin for six parallel lineages, followed by amplification of four target genes in the quinolone-resistance determining region (QRDR) and Sanger sequencing to identify the mutations. The expression of four efflux pump proteins was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction using the relative quantitation method, with the ATCC27853 strain used as a control. We found that ciprofloxacin killed P. aeruginosa sooner than did levofloxacin. Further, we identified five different mutations in three subunits of QRDRs, with gyrA as the main mutated gene associated with conferring fluoroquinolone resistance. Additionally, we found a larger number of mutations appearing at 2 mg/L and 4 mg/L of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, respectively. Moreover, we identified the main efflux pump being expressed as MexCD-OprJ, with initial overexpression observed at 0.25 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, respectively. These results demonstrated gyrA83 mutation and MexCD-OprJ overexpression as the primary mechanism conferring ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin resistance in P. aeruginosa. In addition, we also show that ciprofloxacin exhibited a stronger ability to kill the bacteria while potentially rendering it more susceptible to resistance.
Coronavirus (COVID-19) in Italy: knowledge, management of patients and clinical experience of Italian dentists during the spread of contagion
Authors: Putrino Alessandra , Raso Mario , Magazzino Cosimo , Galluccio Gabriella 
Published: June 2020

Abstract
Background: The coronavirus infection that emerged in China in the last few months of 2019 has now spread globally. Italy registered its first case in the second half of February, and in a short time period, it became the top country in Europe in terms of the number of infected people and the first in the world in terms of deaths. The medical and scientific community has been called upon to manage the emergency and to take measures. Dentists also need to take new precautions during their clinical activity to protect themselves, coworkers and patients from the risks of contagion and to avoid further spread of infection.Methods: Following the data published in the international literature as well as the guidelines and directives constantly updated by the WHO and by the national health authorities, a questionnaire to be completed anonymously was submitted online to Italian dentists using social tools and online professional platforms. The collected data were processed statistically, providing descriptive data and analysis of correlations of the most significant parameters using the Pearson’s χ2, the Likelihood-Ratio χ2, Cramér’s V, Fisher’s exact test, Goodman and Kruskal’s γ, and Kendall’s τb (p<0.05).Results: A total of 535 dentists from Italy participated in the survey. A good level of scientific knowledge about coronavirus and the extra precautionary measures needed to limit the spread was related to the age of respondents and their sex. Coming from areas with higher concentrations of cases affected knowledge, level of attention and perception of risk related to dental activity.Conclusions: At the moment, there are no therapies or vaccines to contain the infection with the new coronavirus that is causing many infections, many of which are fatal, worldwide. Dentists are one of the categories at highest risk of encountering diseases and infections because they work in close proximity with patients, and in their procedures, there is always contact with aerosols with high bacterial and viral potential. Therefore, during this COVID-19 emergency, it is important that dentists are properly informed and take the appropriate precautionary measures.