bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A traditional Chinese Medicine, YXQN, Reduces Amyloid-induced Cytotoxicity by Inhibiting Aβ42 Aggregation and Fibril Formation
Authors: Wang Lichun , Liu Sitong , Xu Jiaqi , Watanabe Nobumoto , Di Jun , Wei Wei , Mayo Kevin H. , Li Jiang , Li Xiaomeng 
Published: February 2020

Introduction:
The accumulation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) decreases cerebral blood flow in elderly
people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and is believed to be the initiator of this disorder. As a traditional Chinese
medicine, Yangxue Qingnao (YXQN) improves cerebral insufficiency and attenuates cognitive impairment,
showing potential against AD. But whether YXQN has the ability to block Aβ self-aggregation is rarely reported.

Objectives:
Here, we investigate the effects of YXQN on Aβ accumulation and its mediated cytotoxicity using a
range of biochemical, biophysical, and cell-based approaches.

Methods:
Thioflavin T assay, transmission electron microscope, and 1H NMR experiments were used to investigate
the effects of YXQN on Aβ fibrogenesis and aggregation. Far-UV CD spectra were acquired to assess the
alteration of YXQN on the conformation of the amyloid protein. Three short Aβ42 peptides (AA 1-16, AA 17-33
and AA 28-42) were designed to analyse the Aβ42 epitope to which YXQN components bind. The effect of
YXQN on Aβ-induced cytotoxicity was investigated through SH-SY5Y cell viability assay.

Results:
We provide evidence showing that YXQN clearly reduces Aβ42 fibrillogenesis and alters its β-sheet
conformation, indicating the inhibition of primary nucleation of amyloid protein. Using the different Aβ short
peptides, residues 17-33 were identified as the target epitope for YXNQ components interacting with Aβ42. Furthermore,
in the SH-SY5Y cell injury model, our data show that high-dose YXQN attenuates amyloid-induced
cytotoxicity approximately 60% and effectively ameliorates cell distortion in morphology.

Conclusion:
Based on these results, YXQN exerts a neuroprotective effect by inhibiting Aβ42 toxic aggregation,
which has the potential to combat AD.
The Development of a Smart Health Awareness Message Framework Based on the Use of Social Media: Quantitative Study
Authors: Alsisi Elaf Ali , Al-Ashaab Ahmed , Abualfaraa Wadhah Ahmed 
Published: February 2020

Background
Social media has recently provided a remarkable means of delivering health information broadly and in a cost-effective way. Despite its benefits, some difficulties are encountered in attempting to influence the public to change their behavior in response to social media health messages.

Objective
This study aimed to explore the factors that affect individuals’ acceptance of using social media as a tool for receiving health awareness messages and adapting such content accordingly by developing a smart health awareness message framework.

Methods
A quantitative method was adapted to validate the hypotheses and proposed framework through the development of a survey based on the technology acceptance model with the extension of other constructs. The survey was distributed on the web to 701 participants from different countries via Qualtrics software; it generated 391 completed questionnaires, and the response rate was 55.8% (391/701).

Results
Of the 391 respondents, 121 (30.9%) used social media platforms often during the week, and 27 participants (6.9%) did not use social media. In addition, 24.0% (94/391) of the respondents used these platforms to seek health information. On the basis of the results, perceived usefulness (β=.37; P<.001), gain-framed message (β=.04; P<.001), and loss-framed message (β=.08; P<.001) were seen to positively and significantly influence people’s intention to use social media as a means to spread information about health promotion. The proposed smart health awareness message framework identifies 64.2% of the variance in intention to use, 55.4% of the variance of perceived usefulness, and 26.2% of the variance of perceived ease of use.

Conclusions
This study sheds light on the factors that are associated with people’s intention to use and adopt social media in the health promotion domain. The findings reveal that the intention of using social media for health awareness purposes is positively impacted by the perception of usefulness of social media and the design of health messages. Future research might seek to explore other factors that relate to people’s behavior. This point of view will assist health organizations in developing their health messages more effectively and to be patient friendly.
Mood and Stress Evaluation of Adult Patients With Moyamoya Disease in Korea: Ecological Momentary Assessment Method Using a Mobile Phone App
Authors: Yang Yong Sook , Ryu Gi Wook , Park Chang Gi , Yeom Insun , Shim Kyu Won , Choi Mona 
Published: February 2020

Background
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a known progressive obstructive cerebrovascular disorder. Monitoring and managing mood and stress are critical for patients with MMD, as they affect clinical outcomes. The ecological momentary assessment (EMA) method is a longitudinal study design by which multiple variable assessments can be performed over time to detect momentary fluctuations and changes in psychological dimensions such as mood and stress over time.

Objective
This study aimed to identify predicting factors associated with momentary mood and stress at both the within-person and between-person levels and to examine individual fluctuation of mood over time in the short term using an EMA method combined with a mobile phone app.

Methods
Participants aged older than 18 years were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Seoul, Korea, between July 2018 and January 2019. The PsyMate scale for negative affect (NA) and positive affect (PA) and the Trier Inventory for Chronic Stress Scale were uploaded on patient mobile phones. Using a mobile app, data were collected four times a day for 7 days. Pearson correlations and mixed modeling were used to predict relationships between repeatedly measured variables at both the between-person and within-person levels.

Results
The mean age of the 93 participants was 40.59 (SD 10.06) years, 66 (71%) were female, and 71 (76%) were married. Participants provided 1929 responses out of a possible 2604 responses (1929/2604, 74.08%). The mean momentary NA and PA values were 2.15 (SD 1.12) and 4.70 (SD 1.31) out of 7, respectively. The momentary stress value was 2.03 (SD 0.98) out of 5. Momentary NA, PA, and stress were correlated (P<.001) and varied over time in relation to momentary variables. Common momentary variables associated with momentary mood and stress at both the within-person (level 1) and between-person (level 2) levels were identified. Momentary NA increased when being alone and being at the hospital at both levels, whereas momentary PA increased when eating or drinking, resting, being at a café, restaurant or a public place but decreased when being alone at both levels. Momentary stress increased when being at the office, at a public place, or as the time of the day went by but decreased when resting or during the weekend. Different factors affecting mood and stress at different levels were identified. Fluctuations in individual momentary mood over time at the within-person level were captured.

Conclusions
The EMA method using a mobile phone app demonstrated its ability to capture changes in mood and stress in various environmental contexts in patients with MMD. The results could provide baseline information for developing interventions to manage negative mood and stress of patients with MMD based on the identified predictors affecting mood and stress at two different levels.
Existência numérica
Authors: Peixoto Irene Mendonça 
Published: February 2020

A exposição Existência Numérica apresentou no Oi Futuro obras criadas por artistas brasileiros e estrangeiros no campo da visualização de dados. Com curadoria de Doris Kosminsky, esta exposição permaneceu por dois meses, até novembro de 2018, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. A nova linguagem artística da visualização de dados tangencia valores estéticos fundamentais no discurso da arte contemporânea ao mesmo tempo em que discute temas relevantes da sociedade atual como o lugar do indivíduo no ambiente digital. Diversas abordagens artísticas são possíveis a partir de dados numéricos. Assim, a exposição é composta por obras estáticas a partir de dados estabelecidos, obras dinâmicas alimentadas por dados em tempo real e obras interativas. Todas elas tiram partido da representação material dos dados.Visualização de dados; design; arte contemporâneaThe exhibition Numerical Existence (Existência Numérica) exhibited at Oi Futuro, Rio de Janeiro, in 2018, presented works of data visualization created by Brazilian and foreign artists. The exhibition was curated by Doris Kosminsky. As a new artistic language, data visualization addresses fundamental aesthetic values in the discourse of contemporary art. At the same time, it opens to debate relevant contemporary issues such as the place of the individual in the digital environment. Numerical data allow a variety of artistic approaches. Thus, the exhibition is constituted by static works based on established data, dynamic works served by real-time data, as well as interactive works. They all take advantage of material data representation.Data visualization; design; contemporary art
Haunting Vocabulary and Celtic Lexicography: Towards a Taxonomy of Ghost Words
Authors: Harvey Anthony 
Published: February 2020

AbstractMost Humanities scholars probably have an intuitive sense of what is meant by a “ghost word” – it is a word that, in one way or another, exists as the result of someone’s unrecognized mistake. However, upon closer examination it becomes clear that the term is liable to be employed so broadly that important distinctions can be lost. For one thing, ghost words are often regarded simply as nuisances that should be deleted whenever they are detected. But in practice they often prove to be too useful simply to discard: this article presents some examples that have made their way into active usage among the Celts. In other cases the etymology may indeed be unnatural, but turns out to be the result of more than a hint of deliberate word-crafting right from the start. A taxonomy is here proposed that distinguishes true ghost words and dead words, on the one hand, from active items that may be described as poltergeist words and even Frankenstein words on the other.
Thirty-day readmission risk after intracranial tumor resection surgeries in children
Authors: Janjua M. Burhan , Reddy Sumanth , Welch William C. , Samdani Amer F. , Ozturk Ali K. , Hwang Steven W. , Price Angela V. , Weprin Bradley E. , Swift Dale M. 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVEThe risk of readmission after brain tumor resection among pediatric patients has not been defined. The authors’ objective was to evaluate the readmission rates and predictors of readmission after pediatric brain tumor resection.METHODSNationwide Readmissions Database (NRD) data sets from 2010 to 2014 were searched for unplanned readmissions within 30 days of the discharge date after pediatric brain tumor resection. Patient demographic variables included sex, age, expected payment source (Medicaid or private insurance), and median annual household income. Readmission events for chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or further tumor resection were not included.RESULTSOf 282 patients (12.7%) readmitted within 30 days of the index event, the median time to readmission was 10 days (IQR 5–19 days). The most common reason for readmission was hydrocephalus, which accounted for 19% of readmission events. Other CNS-related complications (24%), surgical site infections or septicemia (14%), seizures (7%), and hematological disorders (7%) accounted for other major readmission events. The median charge for readmission events was $35,431, and the median length of readmission stay was 4 days. In multivariate regression, factors associated with a significant increase in readmission risk included Medicaid as the primary payor, discharge from the index event with home health services, and fluid and electrolyte disorders during the index event.CONCLUSIONSMore than 10% of pediatric brain tumor patients have unplanned readmission events within 30 days of discharge after tumor resection. Medicaid patients and those with preoperative or early postoperative fluid and electrolyte disturbances may benefit from early or frequent outpatient visits after tumor resection.
The role of screening spinal MRI in children with solitary posterior fossa low-grade glial tumors
Authors: Roth Jonathan , Fischer Neal , Limbrick David D. , CreveCoeur Travis , Ben-Sira Liat , Constantini Shlomi 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVESolitary posterior fossa low-grade glial tumors (SPFLGT) in children are rarely associated with leptomeningeal dissemination (LMD). To date, there are no clear guidelines regarding the role of screening and surveillance spinal MRI (sMRI) in children with SPFLGT, at diagnosis or during follow-up periods. The current study reviews a cohort of children with SPFLGT, focusing on sMRI findings.METHODSIn this binational retrospective study, the authors analyzed 229 patients with SPFLGT treated and followed over 13 years. One hundred twelve children had at least 1 total sMRI screening or surveillance examination. One hundred seventeen had no sMRI, but did not present with clinical spinal signs or symptoms. Collected data included demographics, disease characteristics, radiology, pathology, and clinical follow-up data.RESULTSFor the 112 children with at least 1 sMRI, the mean duration from diagnosis to first sMRI was 11.73 ± 28.66 months (range 0–165 months). All sMRI scans were conducted as screening examinations, with no spinal-related symptoms. One patient was found to have a sacral intradural lesion concurrent to the brain tumor diagnosis. Over the course of 180 radiological and 533 clinical follow-up years for the 112 patients with sMRI, and 582 clinical follow-up years for the 117 patients with no sMRI, there were no additional cases with spinal tumor spread.CONCLUSIONSThe yield of screening sMRI in the absence of cranial metastasis, or spinal symptoms, is extremely low. Because preoperative sMRI is recommended for medulloblastomas and ependymomas, it may be logical to acquire. During the follow-up period the authors recommend limiting sMRI in patients without symptoms suggesting a spinal lesion, in patients without known cranial metastases, or recurrence or residual SPFLGT.
Clinical characteristics, treatment, and survival outcome in pediatric patients with atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors: a retrospective study by the Japan Children’s Cancer Group
Authors: Yamasaki Kai , Kiyotani Chikako , Terashima Keita , Watanabe Yuko , Kanamori Masayuki , Koga Yuhki , Hata Nobuhiro , Iwasaki Fuminori , Goto Hiroaki , Koh Katsuyoshi , Kurihara Jun , Tokunaga Shinya , Arakawa Yoshiki , Hasegawa Daiichiro , Kosaka Yoshiyuki , Hara Junichi 
Published: February 2020

OBJECTIVEThe prognosis of atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (ATRTs) has improved in recent years with the use of multimodal therapy, mainly in cases not involving metastatic disease. The authors wanted to obtain historical control data and evaluate the suitable treatments in Japanese children with ATRTs that were proven negative for INI-1 immunostaining.METHODSThe authors retrospectively collected clinical information on 38 pediatric patients with ATRTs treated from 2005 to 2016 and analyzed the data for this series.RESULTSThe median age of the patient population was 1.3 years, and the male/female ratio was approximately 2:1. Twenty-three patients (60.5%) had metastases. The effects of treatment on prognosis were analyzed for 34 patients after exclusion of 4 patients who could not receive curative treatment. At a median follow-up of 40.9 months, the mean (± SD) progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 66.6% ± 8.3% and 45.9% ± 8.7% at 2 years and 44.2% ± 9.9% and 34.2% ± 8.9% at 5 years, respectively. The metastasis stage at diagnosis (M0–1 vs M2–4) (HR 2.68, 95% CI 1.08–6.65; p = 0.0338) and gross tumor resection (yes vs no) (HR 3.49, 95% CI 1.01–12.1; p = 0.0481) were prognostic factors for PFS but not for OS. Postoperative chemotherapy was performed in all 34 cases. High-dose chemotherapy was performed in 19 (55.8%) of 34 patients and showed a positive impact on OS (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.11–0.86; p = 0.0254); the most commonly used regimen was a double-conditioning regimen of thiotepa plus melphalan. Local radiotherapy had a positive impact on both PFS and OS; however, craniospinal irradiation (CSI) performed in 12 patients as the primary therapy was associated with a poor outcome. Disseminated recurrence within 12 months from diagnosis was the most common pattern of treatment failure regardless of CSI.CONCLUSIONSThere has been an improvement in outcomes for pediatric ATRT patients since the introduction of multimodal therapy in Japan, mainly in patients without metastases. Even if selection bias is taken into consideration, CSI did not contribute to an improved prognosis. Novel treatment approaches are required for pediatric ATRT patients with metastases.
Reconstructing Powerful Knowledge in an era of climate change
Authors: Kirby Andrew 
Published: February 2020

Purpose: Identifies a hierarchy of information and argues that professional knowledge has marginalized ‘local knowledge’.
Methodology/Approach: In a review of recent research, the paper offers examples of how ‘wicked problems’ (from obesity to climate change) impose different burdens on different communities, which foregrounds the value of residents’ experiences.
Findings: In an era of climate change, adaptive planning must incorporate ‘local knowledge’, which may return to older technologies and established practices.
Research Implication: The paper argues that ‘local knowledge’ can be ‘powerful knowledge’, as discussed within educational research, which has important implications for school and college curricula.
Originality/Value of paper: Amateur experts, citizen observatories and crowd sourced data can all play significant roles within communities facing new forms of risk and hazard.
Study of Parameters during Aluminum Cutting with Finite Element Method
Authors: Bátorfi János György , Andó Mátyás 
Published: February 2020

The authors analyzed the force and stress values in the simplified cutting model and compared the results with the literature. For the study a 2D model was created in DEFORM 2D finite element software, using the temperature depended multilinear flow stress material model. The model was compiled according to the literatures. In this analysis were the effects of relief angel, tool angle, tool radius, depth of cut, and the cutting velocity examined. The values of forces, strain, temperature, stress and shear plane angle were examined at different values of geometry and machining parameters. For these examinations were used 28 parameter combinations. As a result of the study, the results for forces are similar to the results of examined literature at every parameter. The force results were checked on a simple tool geometry.
APPLICATION OF THE TOPSIS PROCEDURE FOR EVALUATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE WEST POMERANIAN VOIVODESHIP DISTRICTS IN YEARS 2004-2017
Authors: Oesterreich Maciej , Perzyńska Joanna , Barej-Kaczmarek Emilia 
Published: February 2020

The article presents the problem of local socio-economic development. An illustration of theoretical considerations is an empirical study on evaluation of the West Pomeranian Voivodship districts' development since Poland's accession to the European Union. In the research, a taxonomic measure of development was used to assess the level and rate of districts' development. The empirical study was carried out in four main stages: collection of initial characteristics, reduction of the initial set of diagnostic features (to ensure their highest diagnostic value), calculations of synthetic measures using the modified TOPSIS procedure and construction of rankings of districts on that basis, creation of typological groups of districts characterized by a similar level and the pace of development. The study showed the existence of large diversification of economic development of the surveyed districts. The highest level of socio-economic development in both: 2004 and 2017 was characteristic for the Kamieński district and the lowest level of development in 2004 was observed in the Wałecki district and in 2017 in the Gryficki district. The highest pace of changes in the level of socio-economic development between 2004 and 2017 was recorded for the Białogardzki district, while the lowest for the Świdwiński district.
Developing Academic Advisors and Competence Committees members: A community approach to developing CBME faculty leaders
Authors: Soleas Eleftherios , Dagnone Damon , Stockley Denise , Garton Kendall , Van Wylick Richard 
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Implementing competency-based medical education (CBME) at the institutional level poses many challenges including having to rapidly enable faculty to be facilitators and champions of a new curriculum which utilizes feedback, coaching, and models of programmatic assessment. This study presents the necessary competencies required for Academic Advisors (AA) and Competence Committee (CC) members, as identified in the literature and as perceived by faculty members at Queen’s University.
Methods: This study integrated a review of available literature (n=26) yielding competencies that were reviewed by the authors followed by an external review consisting of CBME experts (n=5). These approved competencies were used in a cross-sectional community consultation survey distributed one year before (n=83) and one year after transitioning to CBME (n=144).
Findings: Our newly identified competencies are a useful template for other institutions. Academic Advisor competencies focused on mentoring and coaching, whereas Competence Committee member’s competencies focused on integrating assessments and institutional policies. Competency discrepancies between stakeholder groups existing before the transition had disappeared in the post-implementation sample.
Conclusions: We found value in taking an active community-based approach to developing and validating faculty leader competencies sooner rather than later when transitioning to CBME. The evolution of Competence Committees members and Academic Advisors requires the investment of specialized professional development and the sustained engagement of a collaborative community with shared concerns.