bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy drinks
Authors: Hasan Towhid , Sultana Marjia , Hossain Md. Tareq , Khatun Lima , Alauddin Md. 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThis research aimed to study patterns of energy drinks (ED) consumption among university students and to identify the determinants for their preferences.Design/methodology/approachThis cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 students from various departments of Jashore University of Science and Technology, Bangladesh, by convenience sampling. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used to collect data.FindingsAbout 52.3 per cent of the students were between 21 and 23 years of age, and half of them were male. More than half (53 per cent) of the students had consumed ED at least once in their lifetime. Only 22.1 per cent of these consumers had any knowledge of the ingredients in ED, and 4.3 per cent did not know the possible negative impacts. Bivariate analysis was performed to identify the variables significantly associated with ED consumption among students. The risks of ED consumption were found to be: male gender (Odds Ratio (OR) = 4.04; 95 per cent Confidence Interval (CI) = 2.36–6.92), father educated up to SSC (OR = 18.47; 95 per cent CI = 2.30–148.90) or college and above (OR = 17.01; 95 per cent CI = 2.31–135.60), smoker (OR = 3.87; 95 per cent CI = 1.61–9.35) and doing irregular physical activity (OR = 2.43; 95 per cent CI = 1.23–4.78).Originality/valueED consumption among university students is high, but their perception regarding the ingredients and potential health hazards is opaque. Therefore, it is imperative that at both community and individual levels, interventions should focus on educating and empowering individuals to make firm and positive decisions concerning their dietary habits and health.
Privileging downward accountability in Waqf management
Authors: Osman Ahmad Zamri , Agyemang Gloria 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
This paper aims to argue for the need of beneficiaries’ involvement in matters impacting them. The current effort to improve waqf management and the trend of waqf studies seems to focus on waqf financing/investment using sophisticated financial tools and inviting participation from business entities. There was no conscious effort to engage the beneficiaries/public as the means to inform and improve the way waqf properties are managed despite it being, arguably, the primary stakeholder.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a qualitative study informed by the concept of downward accountability. Interviews with staff involved in managing waqf properties are conducted. Data is interpreted, resulting in emerging themes.

Findings
This paper argues that the way waqf entity is structured and the staff’s value is important in determining whether benefit accrues to beneficiaries. Grounded on Islamic ethos, the values of individual staff is imperative in ensuring downward accountability is discharged. The closeness and empathy between staff and beneficiaries contribute towards a meaningful operationalisation of downward accountability.

Research limitations/implications
Because of the nature of methodology focusing on specific waqf practices in two specific waqf settings, the result must be interpreted within its context.

Practical implications
Waqf entity needs to have a structure where beneficiaries are meaningfully involved.

Social implications
This paper argues that the benefit of waqf establishment may not accrue to beneficiaries if it is undertaken without their engagement.

Originality/value
This paper raises the importance of engaging beneficiaries as one of the approaches in serving them. Any future project involving the targeted beneficiaries should involve them in some capacities.
Indirect effect of workplace bullying on emotional exhaustion through job insecurity among Malaysian workers
Authors: Jalali Alireza , Jaafar Mastura , Hidzir Nur Izzati 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
Although workplace bullying has often been considered a significant source of health-related problems, only a handful of studies have deeply examined this relationship. This paper aims to fill this gap by inspecting the direct as well as indirect relationships between bullying and emotional exhaustion. This study also explores the buffering role of religion between job insecurity and emotional exhaustion.

Design/methodology/approach
This correlational paper used the quantitative method of data collection (N = 102) from employees in Malaysia and used SmartPLS to analyze the data. To operationalize workplace bullying as the second-order factor, partial least squares was used to estimate the two-stage model through the repeated use of a manifest variable.

Findings
The result of the current study showed that workplace bullying has a positive impact on job insecurity as well as emotional exhaustion while also having a positive indirect effect on emotional exhaustion through job insecurity. Moreover, the result of this study reveals that religion has a moderating (buffering) influence on the relationship between job insecurity and emotional exhaustion.

Research limitations/implications
The study merely applied self-report measures, thus potentially involving the common method variance problems.

Practical implications
Human resource professionals must be aware that employees who are exposed to bullying actions may consider emotional exhaustion and job security needs to be restored among targets. For instance, they need to ensure that no unwanted and illegitimate relocation or alternation of work task has occurred. Furthermore, it is significant to encourage employees to regularly attend religious services because religious involvement could foster mental health, in part by lowering the risk of exposure to stressful life events such as job insecurity.

Originality/value
This study could be beneficial for organizations and researchers looking to address emotional exhaustion, security and bullying in a context broader than physical health and may further supplement the discussions around workplace bullying, mental health and religion.
An investigation on the link between driver demographic characteristics and distracted driving by using the SHRP 2 naturalistic driving data
Authors: Cao Haotian , Zhang Zhenghao , Song Xiaolin , Wang Hong , Li Mingjun , Zhao Song , Wang Jianqiang 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of driver demographic characteristics on the driving safety involving cell phone usages.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 1,432 crashes and 19,714 baselines were collected for the Strategic Highway Research Program 2 naturalistic driving research. The authors used a case-control approach to estimate the prevalence and the population attributable risk percentage. The mixed logistic regression model is used to evaluate the correlation between different driver demographic characteristics (age, driving experience or their combination) and the crash risk regarding cell phone engagements, as well as the correlation among the likelihood of the cell phone engagement during the driving, multiple driver demographic characteristics (gender, age and driving experience) and environment conditions.

Findings
Senior drivers face an extremely high crash risk when distracted by cell phone during driving, but they are not involved in crashes at a large scale. On the contrary, cell phone usages account for a far larger percentage of total crashes for young drivers. Similarly, experienced drivers and experienced-middle-aged drivers seem less likely to be impacted by the cell phone while driving, and cell phone engagements are attributed to a lower percentage of total crashes for them. Furthermore, experienced, senior or male drivers are less likely to engage in cell phone-related secondary tasks while driving.

Originality/value
The results provide support to guide countermeasures and vehicle design.
A hybrid invasive weed optimization for an imperfect, two-warehouse, lot-sizing problem
Authors: Atabaki Mohammad Saeid , Pasandideh Seyed Hamid Reza , Mohammadi Mohammad 
Published: January 2020

PurposeLot-sizing is among the most important problems in the production and inventory management field. The purpose of this paper is to move one step forward in the direction of the real environment of the dynamic, multi-period, lot-sizing problem. For this purpose, a two-warehouse inventory system, imperfect quality and supplier capacity are simultaneously taken into consideration, where the aim is minimization of the system costs.Design/methodology/approachThe problem is formulated in a novel continuous nonlinear programming model. Because of the high complexity of the lot-sizing model, invasive weed optimization (IWO), as a population-based metaheuristic algorithm, is proposed to solve the problem. The designed IWO benefits from an innovative encoding–decoding procedure and a heuristic operator for dispersing seeds. Moreover, sequential unconstrained minimization technique (SUMT) is used to improve the efficiency of the IWO.FindingsTaking into consideration a two-warehouse system along with the imperfect quality items leads to model nonlinearity. Using the proposed hybrid IWO and SUMT (SUIWO) for solving small-sized instances shows that SUIWO can provide satisfactory solutions within a reasonable computational time. In comparison between SUIWO and a parameter-tuned genetic algorithm (GA), it is found that when the size of the problem increases, the superiority of SUIWO to GA to find desirable solutions becomes more tangible.Originality/valueDeveloping a continuous nonlinear model for the concerned lot-sizing problem and designing a hybrid IWO and SUMT based on a heuristic encoding–decoding procedure are two main originalities of the present study.
Development of polycaprolactone/hydroxyapatite composite resin for 405 nm digital light projection 3D printing
Authors: Lin Yuan-Min , Chen Hsuan , Lin Chih-Hsin , Huang Pin-Ju , Lee Shyh-Yuan 
Published: January 2020

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop resin composite materials composed of polycaprolactone (PCL) acrylates and hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles for ultraviolet digital light projection (DLP) three-dimensional (3D) printing technique.Design/methodology/approachTwo PCL-based triacrylates, namely, glycerol-3 caprolactone-triacrylate (Gly-3CL-TA) and glycerol-6 caprolactone-triacrylate (Gly-6CL-TA) were synthesized from ring-opening polymerization ofε-caprolacton monomer in the presence of glycerol and then acrylation was performed using acryloyl chloride. 3D printing resins made of Gly-3CL-TA or Gly-6CL-TA, 5% HA and 3% of photoinitiator 2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphineoxide were then formulated. The surface topography, surface element composition, flexural strength, flexural modulus, cytotoxicity and degradation of the PCL-based scaffolds were then characterized.FindingsResin composite composed of Gly-3CL-TA or Gly-6CL-TA and 5% (w/w) of HA can be printed by 405 nm DLP 3D printers. The former has lower viscosity and thus can form a more uniform layer-by-layer structure, while the latter exhibited a higher flexural strength and modulus after being printed. Both composite materials are non-cytotoxic and degradable.Originality/valueThis study provides a direction of the formulation of environment-friendly resin composite for DLP 3D printing. Both resin composites have huge potential in tissue engineering applications.
Strategic teams: the agents of change
Authors: Wolf Daniel , Felger Brooke 
Published: January 2020

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of change readiness and resolve as a principal feature of strategic teams. Change leadership and management in the context of strategy, talent and culture provide the organization with the capacity for navigating change at the process, category and business levels. This paper provides a practical look at the cultivation of strategic teams as agents for making change strategy happen.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors have examined a series of variables that inform the strategic agenda, talent blocks and beams, and the cultural agenda for organizations large and small. They have built a general framework for mapping and engaging what serves as a strong mind-set of change readiness and resolve, along with specific team-building elements for learning and development.

Findings
Strategic teams that are part of the structure and culture of the organization serve as development grounds for change competence and capacity at the group and individual levels. Further, because there are several types of strategic teams with diverse roles and functions, the change readiness and resolve mechanics are subject to experimentation and adaptation. This results in a strong mind-set for change leadership and management and the ability to deploy effectively across a range of situations, needs and challenges.

Originality/value
This work offers a practical set of views on change and adaptive capacity, and the development pathways that afford an organization the ongoing preparation of individuals and groups for changes in process and policy, programs and categories and business models through the most demanding transformation journeys.
Rock physics model of tight oil siltstone for seismic prediction of brittleness
Authors: Tan Wenhui , Ba Jing , Müller Tobias , Fang Gang , Zhao Haibo 
Published: January 2020

ABSTRACTTight oil siltstones are rocks with complex structure at pore scale and are characterized by low porosity and low permeability at macroscale. The production of tight oil siltstone reservoirs can be increased by hydraulic fracturing. For optimal fracking results, it is desirable to map the ability to fracture based on seismic data prior to fracturing. Brittleness is currently thought to be a key parameter for evaluating the ability to fracture. To link seismic information to the brittleness distribution, a rock physics model is required. Currently, there exists no commonly accepted rock physics model for tight oil siltstones. Based on the observed correlation between porosity and mineral composition and known microstructure of tight oil siltstone in Daqing oilfield of Songliao basin, we develop a rock physics model by combining the Voigt–Reuss–Hill average, self‐consistent approximation and differential effective medium theory. This rock physics model allows us to explore the dependence of the brittleness on porosity, mineral composition, microcrack volume fraction and microcrack aspect ratio. The results show that, as quartz content increases and feldspar content decreases, Young's modulus tends to increase and Poisson ratio decreases. This is taken as a signature of higher brittleness. Using well log data and seismic inversion results, we demonstrate the versatility of the rock physics template for brittleness prediction.
The biogeography of thermal risk for terrestrial ectotherms: Scaling of thermal tolerance with body size and latitude
Authors: Rubalcaba Juan G. , Olalla‐Tárraga Miguel Á. 
Published: January 2020

Abstract

Many organisms are shrinking in size in response to global warming. However, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms linking body size and temperature of organisms across their geographical ranges. Here we investigate the biophysical mechanisms determining the scaling of body temperature with size across latitudes in terrestrial ectotherms.

Using biophysical models, we simulated operative temperatures experienced by lizard‐like ectotherms as a function of microclimatic variables, body mass and latitude and used them to generate null predictions for the effect of size on temperature across geographical gradients. We then compared model predictions against empirical data on lizards' field body temperature (Tb) and thermal tolerance limits (CTmax and CTmin).

Our biophysical models predict that the allometric scaling of operative temperatures with body size varies with latitude, with a positive relationship at low latitudes that vanishes with increasing latitude. The analyses of thermal traits of lizards show a significant interaction of body size and latitude on Tb and CTmax and no effect of body mass on CTmin, consistent with model's predictions. The estimated scaling coefficients are within the ranges predicted by the biophysical model. The effect of body mass, however, becomes non‐significant after controlling for the phylogenetic relatedness between species.

We propose that large‐bodied terrestrial ectotherms exhibit higher risk of overheating at low latitudes, while size differences in thermal sensitivity vanish towards higher latitudes.

Our work highlights the potential of combining mechanistic models with empirical data to investigate the mechanisms underpinning broad‐scale patterns and ultimately provide a null model to develop baseline expectations for further empirical research.
HIV infection confers distinct mechanisms in severe drug eruption: Endogenous virus activation with aberrant Th2/Th1 and CD8+ T cells function
Authors: Tang Jun‐Ting , Li Yu‐Ye , Zhang Yi , Liu Jun , Guan Wei , Wang Rui‐Rui , He Li‐Ping , Zhang Jian‐Bo , Kuang Yi‐Qun 
Published: January 2020

AbstractSevere drug eruption (SDE), a common skin disease, becomes dangerous when it occurs in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Forty patients including HIV+ SDE+ (n = 15), HIV− SDE+ (n = 15) and HIV+ SDE− (n = 10) subjects were enrolled in our study. All HIV+ patients were at acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) stage. Serum levels of TNF‐α, IFN‐γ, IL‐4, IL‐13, IL‐6, CXCL9, and CCL17 were quantified by ELISA. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) loads were quantified by RT‐qPCR. CD4, CD8, Th1, Th2, TNF‐α‐CD8, and IFN‐γ‐CD8 T cell populations were measured by flow cytometry. Levels of biochemical indexes in HIV+ SDE+ patients were significantly different from in HIV− SDE+ patients (P < .05). EBV and CMV viral loads were significantly higher in HIV+ SDE+ patients, but not in HIV− SDE+ patients (P < .05). Inflammatory cytokines TNF‐α and IFN‐γ were significantly elevated in HIV+ SDE+ patients (P < .05). Th2/Th1 populations and TNF‐α secreting or IFN‐γ secreting CD8+ T cells, were significantly up‐regulated in HIV+ SDE+ patients compared to HIV− SDE+ patients (P < .05). Conversely, the CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly down‐regulated in HIV+ SDE+ patients compared to HIV− SDE+ patients (P < .05). HIV infection confers distinct clinical phenotypes and immune inflammatory mechanisms in SDE. Sustained EBV and CMV activation, unbalanced Th2/Th1 and overactive CD8+ T cells mediating a pro‐inflammatory response could act as distinct mechanisms in the aggravation of SDE in HIV+ SDE+ patients.
A Census of Medicolegal Death Investigation in the United States: A Need to Determine the State of our Nation’s Toxicology Laboratories and Their Preparedness for the Current Drug Overdose Epidemic
Authors: Ropero‐Miller Jeri D. , Smiley‐McDonald Hope M. , Zimmer Stephanie A. , Bollinger Katherine M. 
Published: January 2020

AbstractIn 2007, the Bureau of Justice Statistics reported on 2004 data collected from the Census of Medical Examiner and Coroner Offices (CMEC). The CMEC was one of the first comprehensive reports on the state of the medicolegal death investigation system in the United States and included information on administration, expenditure, workload, specialized death investigations, records and evidence retention, and resources. However, the report did not include responses on questions that were related to toxicology such as specimen retention and type of testing. The purpose of this publication is to provide the community with toxicology laboratory‐specific responses from nearly 2000 medical examiner and coroner (MEC) offices. Data obtained from a BJS CMEC public use dataset for any remaining information that was not reported in the 2007 BJS report were evaluated specific to the operation of toxicology laboratories within a MEC office or specific to toxicology testing. The CMEC includes information on average operating budget for MEC offices with internal or external toxicology services, budget for toxicology/microbiology services, respondents’ routine uses of toxicology analysis, toxicology specimen retention time, average turnaround times, use of computerized information management systems, and participation in federal data collections. These historical data begin to address the present state of our nation’s toxicology laboratories within the medicolegal death investigation system and their preparedness for the current drug overdose epidemic.
Bringing the Security Analyst into the Loop: From Human‐Computer Interaction to Human‐Computer Collaboration
Authors: ROGERS LIZ 
Published: January 2020

This case study examines how one Artificial Intelligence (AI) security software team made the decision to abandon a core feature of the product – an interactive Knowledge Graph visualization deemed by prospective buyers as “cool,” “impressive,” and “complex” – in favor of one that its users – security analysts – found easier to use and interpret. Guided by the results of ethnographic and user research, the QRadar Advisor with Watson team created a new knowledge graph (KG) visualization more aligned with how security analysts actually investigate potential security threats than evocative of AI and “the way that the internet works.” This new feature will be released in Q1 2020 by IBM and has been adopted as a component in IBM's open‐source design system. In addition, it is currently being reviewed by IBM as a patent application submission. The commitment of IBM and the team to replace a foundational AI component with one that better aligns to the mental models and practices of its users represents a victory for users and user‐centered design, alike. It took designers and software engineers working with security analysts and leaders to create a KG representation that is valued for more than its role as “eye candy.” This case study thus speaks to the power of ethnographic research to embolden product teams in their development of AI applications.Dominant expressions of AI that reinforce the image of AI as autonomous “black box” systems can be resisted, and alternatives that align with the mental models of users proposed. Product teams can create new experiences that recognize the co‐dependency of AI software and users, and, in so doing, pave the way for designing more collaborative partnerships between AI software and humans.